bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Cadverdonation among Adults in Rural Area
Authors: Maurya Archana , Wanjari Karishma , Wanmali David , Warutkar Atul , Wasekar Snehal , Watmode Bhagyashri 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The donation of organs from a brain dead or dead person is known as Cadaver donation. Many adults are unaware of cadaver donation in the rural areas; hence the researcher had to impart awareness about cadaver donation among the adult population so that their attitude will gradually diversify in the future.
Aims: The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching regarding cadaver donation among adult in the rural area and find out the association of knowledge score with selected demographic variables.
Materials and Methods: In this Evaluatory approach was used. Pre-test and post test design was used. The study held among adults between the age group of 19years to 30years and the data was collected in the rural area of Seloo taluka at Wardha district from 2nd January to 28th January 2019. The researcher collected one sample from an individual family. Non- probability convenience sampling technique used in this study. The total sample size was 60 samples.
Results: In the study, 50% of sample belonged to the age group of (19 t0 21 years) 51.6% of sample were males, 40% of samples were graduate 5% of the sample had knowledge about cadaver donation out of which 15% of samples had knowledge from newspaper and mass media. The mean post-test knowledge scores 13.53 were higher than mean pre-test knowledge score 4.15 and the obtained mean difference of 9.38 was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: It is concluded that there was an evidence to increase the knowledge score after administration of the planned teaching. The actual gain score was significantly higher, improving in the knowledge regarding cadaver donation among adults in the rural area. Thus the planned teaching was effective.
Study to Assess the Severity of Pancreatitis Based on Ranson’s Scoring and Modified CT Severity Index
Authors: Khannaa A. Kishore , Selvam Agil 
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an emergency condition requiring intensive care and 20% of patients fall under the severe category with severe complications and requires early assessment.
Objectives: To assess the severity of pancreatitis based on Modified CT severity index and Ransons’s score in a tertiary health care centre.
Materials and Methods: This is prospective study done on 80 patients diagnosed of acute pancreatitis, ranson's criteria was calculated within 48 hours and Modified CT severity index was measured in all the patients with CECT to identify the severity and prognosis of the disease.
Results: Out of the 80 patients 61 were males and 19 were females and alcohol was the commonest etiology of acute pancreatitis. Ranson's criteria showed 31 patients with mild and 49 with severe pancreatitis. MCTSI score showed 18 patients of severe pancreatitis and all were under the severe category of Ranson's criteria.
Conclusion: Ranson's score and Modified CT severity index helps in identifying severity in early stage and provide better treatment for the early prognosis of the patients.
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Crude Extract and Fractions of Morinda citrifolia Fruit on Multiple Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates
Authors: Ene Ifeanyichukwu Foster , Bessie Enweani Ifeoma , Obaji Monday Uchenna , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi 
Published: December 2021

Background: Morinda citrifolia fruits are consumed by humans in tropical areas of Africa due to their nutritional and medicinal values.
Methods: The fresh fruit of M. citrifolia were harvested, washed with clean water, dried under a shade, pulverized and extracted with methanol in a Soxhlet’s extractor. The crude methanolic filtrate was subjected to phytochemical analysis and fractionation using ethyl acetate, butanol, distilled water and n-hexane. The isolates, which comprises Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans, were collected from diarrhoiec stool of patients aged 0-5 years using standard procedure. Antibiotic susceptibility assay was carried out using disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of the fruit extract and fractions was carried out using agar well diffusion method.
Results: All the isolates were susceptible to the extract and the fractions with MICs range from 3.125 mg/mL to 12.5 mg/mL. S. aureus and S. typhi were resistant to more than two conventional antibiotics.
Conclusion: Crude and fractions of M. citrifolia have excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities against multiple antibiotic resistant strains of S. aureus, S. typhi and C. albicans.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Wounds in a Tertiary Health Care Center, India
Authors: Jain N. Krithik , Edwin Rufus Ranjithsingh 
Published: December 2021

Background: An infected wound prolongs the period of stay in hospital which results in further chances of getting affected by nosocomial infection leading to increased number of comorbidities. Hence adequate and appropriate treatment of the infective organism is of prime importance.
Objectives: To find out the most common antibiotics susceptible to the bacterial isolates from the pus samples.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted of the bacterial isolates from pus samples in a hospital setup of Saveetha medical college and hospital, Chennai for 100 patients. Pus samples were collected from patients who came to the surgery OPD with complaints of ulcer and discharge were subjected to culture and sensitivity after obtaining proper consent and the bacterial growths were noted. Antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined according to disk diffusion method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard institute [1].
Results: Out of the total samples collected (n=200) 90% of the samples showed bacterial growth and the remaining 10% of the samples showed no growth. The most predominant bacteria in our study was found to be E. coli (33%) being most susceptible to Amikacin followed by S. aureus (19%) which was highly susceptible to Linezolid and Vancomycin.
Conclusion: There is a peak in the incidence of antimicrobial resistant cases which is a great threat for human mankind. Hence emphasis should be laid on rational use of antibiotics and proper sterile techniques to be followed.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Laughter Therapy on Reducing Level of Stress Among Primary School Teachers of Selected School in Hoshangabad MP India
Authors: Jacob Bincy , Linson C. C. 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study was to assess the amount of stress among primary school teachers in Hoshangabad, evaluate the efficiency of laughing therapy in lowering their level of stress, and discover a relationship between their pre-test level of stress and chosen demographic characteristics. A pre-experimental research was carried out among primary school teachers at Servite Convent English Medium School in Hoshangabd, near Housing Board Road. The data collecting period was extended from January 21 to February 21. Thirty elementary school teachers were chosen using purposive sampling. There was a pre-test, an intervention, and a post-test. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The study found that most instructors' stress levels were moderate in the pre-test and mild in the post-test. It was severe in 10% of the instructors in the pre-test, but no one showed significant stress in the post-test. The mean stress score after the exam was lower than the mean stress score before the test. A substantial relationship was discovered between the amount of stress and certain demographic characteristics such as age and stress-reduction strategies. The majority of primary school instructors had mild to moderate stress, which was alleviated by laughing therapy. As a result, laughing therapy should be employed to relieve stress among elementary school instructors.
Epidemiology of Orthopaedic Injuries in Cases of Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Meena M. , Jaganath K. , SathishKumar M. , Ramkumar Saidev , Sundaram P. Shanmuga 
Published: December 2021

Background: Road traffic accidents are on the rise due to rapid urbanization, motorization, lack of appropriate road engineering, poor awareness levels, non existent injury prevention programs, and poor enforcement of traffic laws. From mild to severe injuries, a road traffic accident can have a significant social and economic impact on the individual, family and the society. It is believed that the outcome of this study should help in identifying risk factors, set priorities for prevention and aid in management of cases.
Materials and Methods: This study is a cross sectional prospective study conducted over a period of 6 months
Results: One hundred and twenty seven RTA victims were studied during the period. The most commonly affected age group was 21-40 years. Men were more involved in RTAs than women.
Most common fracture was tibial fracture and most common fractures were seen in people who drove motorcycles. Accidents were most commonly seen during the time period of 6pm to 6am.
Conclusion: Computerised trauma registry is needed urgently to highlight risk factors, circumstances, chain of events leading to accidents.
Strict licensure procedure should be followed and minimum level of education should be imparted especially to younger age groups. Doing so will be helpful in policy making and health management in India.
A Retrospective Study on Management of the Distal End of the Radius Fractures
Authors: Sanjay R. , Aakash V. , Reddy Menakuru Sreya , Kumar G. Ram 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The distal end radius fracture is a common fracture type and represents about one sixth of all skeletal fractures. They commonly occur in young males and older females. In young adults it is more common to see a fracture of the Intra-articular component in distal radius, probably due to high-energy trauma such as road traffic accidents. The patient may come with symptoms of pain and swelling around the wrist, sometimes with deformity around the wrist or tenderness at an area with no obvious deformity.
Objectives: To analyse the various treatment methods and their outcomes.
Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted on the distal end of radius fractures by the orthopedic department of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital in the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. All the patients were examined both clinically and radiologically. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral views of the wrist joint on both sides were obtained at the time of injury presentation. Fractures were classified according to the AO classification and anatomical features like the presence of dorsal tilt, radial shortening and loss of radial inclination are also assessed using the Sarmiento’s modification of Lindstrom Criteria.
Results: Anatomical results evaluated according to Sarmiento’s modification of Lindstrom criteria showed excellent results were more frequent with open reduction and internal fixation techniques but the most frequently used treatment modality is closed reduction and cast immobilisation.
Conclusion: There is no customised treatment for all distal end of radius fractures hence the treatment depends on various factors like the fracture type, characters, patient’s demands and the surgeon’s preference.
LUTS-Normal Stent VS Carbothene Stent in a Health Center- Retrospective and Prospective Study
Authors: Raval Rohan V. , Griffin M. , Sivasankar M. , Premanand P. S. , Kamaraj V. , Muthulatha N. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Ureteral stent removal is associated with some post operative symptoms such as changes in the frequency of urine,frequent nocturia, occasional episodes of blood stained urine,pain in the suprapubic region which occurs due to the material composition and the dimensions of the stent as well. Polyurethane stent are regularly used in the operation theatres but in the recent years carbothane stent has showed some efficacy and hence necessitates a comparison.
Objectives: To study the prevalence of symptoms of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with polyurethane stent and carbothane stents
Materials and Methodology: A prospective study was conducted among patients who had their stent removed to the Department of Urology in a tertiary health care hospital from January 2021 to April 2021. A simple random sampling technique was employed and 40 patients were identified for the study. The relationship between the different stents and the onset of symptoms
Results: It is seen that the onset of lower urinary tract symptoms had an equal incidence among the two genders hence the presence of symptoms plays a crucial role in distinguishing the efficacy of the stents. Here in this study only 5% of carbothane stent patients had changes in frequency of micturition where as 65% polyurethane stent patients reported change frequency similarly 60% of polyurethane stent patients had changes in Frequency of nocturia whereas same was reported in 20% of the patients. Loss of urine before reaching the toilet was the primary complaint in 30 % of polyurethane stent patients but only 2% of carbothane stent patients occasionally had this complaint. Apparently the stream of urine was occasionally continuous in 70% of polyurethane stent patients but was always continuous in 85% of carbothane stent patients. A sense of incomplete evacuation was experienced by 40% of polyurethane stent patients but only 1% of carbothane stent patients had such complications Similarly pain in the suprapubic region, straining oneself while micturition and presence of hematuria was experienced by a greater percentage of polyurethane stent patients than that of carbothane stent patients.
Conclusion: It is seen that carbothane stent have a better patient compliance and a low onset of lower urinary tract symptoms when compared to the normal polyurethane stent and hence medical management of the symptoms was required in the postoperative period
Heart Failure Due to Secondary Haemochromatosis in a Case of Beta Thalassemia Major: A Rare Case Presentation
Authors: Sagar V. V. S. S. , Patel Maharshi , Yelne Pallavi , Gaidhane Shilpa , Akhil Chitturi Venkata Sai 
Published: December 2021

Hemochromatosis is defined as abnormal accumulation of iron in various organs of the body such as liver, pancreas, skin, joints, heart due to raised gut absorption of iron due to low hepcidin yield. Hemochromatosis is secondary to thalassemia major in this case. In the absence of other concurrent processes, cardiac hemochromatosis is identified as the presence of cardiac dysfunction owing to increased iron accumulation in the heart leading to heart failure.
Unique: Cardiac involvement in secondary hemochromatosis due to thalassemia major.
Take Away lesson: Regular monitoring of serum iron, ferritin, echocardiographic monitoring among thalassemia major patients is essential. Despite the fact that heart failure due to iron overload could be fatal, early diagnosis and intervention could prevent and treat the disease.
Myeloperoxidase and Paraoxonase Activity in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients
Authors: Varadhan Sowmya , Venkatachalam Ramesh , Simon A. Supriya 
Published: December 2021

Background: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an oxidative stress related enzyme is elevated in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and is involved in development of atherosclerotic plaque. Paraoxonase (PON) an enzyme protein associated with HDL serves as an antioxidant and plays an important role in preventing the formation of Oxidized LDL (OxLDL). This suggests a conflicting role of MPO and PON in development of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.
Aim: Present study was done to evaluate and compare MPO/PON ratio in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients with controls. The study evaluates and compares the pro oxidant and pro inflammatory enzyme, MPO and anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory enzyme, PON in ACS patients with controls. Oxidative marker, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and anti-oxidant marker, Reduced Glutathione (GSH) was assessed in ACS patients and compared with controls. An attempt was also made to correlate MPO/PON ratio to markers of oxidative stress (MDA and GSH).
Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in Dr. Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.50 ACS patients from Cardiac Care Unit and 50 age and sex matched controls without CAD from Medical College Health Checkup was selected.
Results: MPO and MPO/PON ratio were significantly high and PON was significantly lower in ACS patients compared to controls. Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL, MDA were significantly high in ACS patients. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between MPO/PON and MDA. Significant negative correlation was observed between MPO/PON and GSH.
Conclusion: Myeloperoxidase and MPO/PON ratio was significantly high in ACS patients than controls. This is suggestive of the role of MPO in oxidative damage to lipoproteins in CAD patients. Prooxidant, Paraoxonase ,and antioxidant, GSH is lowered in ACS patients as a result of the increased oxidative stress. This study suggests that MPO/PON1 ratio can be used as a predictive marker of ACS.
Awareness and Attitude towards the Measles Vaccination in Hai’l Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kundur Ramadevi , Itumalla Ramaiah , Unnisa Aziz 
Published: December 2021

Aims: To present the awareness and attitude towards measles vaccination among the population of Hai’l region in Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 and received 469 samples from the residents of the Hai’l province. The convenient sampling technique was used to collect data through questionnaire sent by emails to participants.
Results: The prevalence of measles in Hai’l region was 7.8% and 96.1% of the population has been vaccinated. About 46% of the population did not know what caused measles, whereas, 37% knew it was a viral disease. About 85.5% believed vaccination is best method to prevent measles and 45.5% of population think that vaccine is the treatment for measles. And, 64.6% think the agencies do good work in promoting measles awareness.
Conclusion: The prevalence of measles in Hai’l province of Saudi Arabia is low with almost all vaccinated. The knowledge and awareness about measles is adequate. The study suggests that the surveillance, monitoring as well as educational and awareness programs needs more attention.
A ROS‐Sensitive Nanozyme‐Augmented Photoacoustic Nanoprobe for Early Diagnosis and Therapy of Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Wu Haibin , Xia Fan , Zhang Lingxiao , Fang Chunyan , Lee Jiyoung , Gong Linji , Gao Jianqing , Ling Daishun , Li Fangyuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEarly diagnosis of acute liver failure (ALF) is critical for curable treatment of patients, because most existing ALF therapies have narrow therapeutic time windows after disease onset. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to the sequential occurrences of hepatocyte necrosis and the leakage of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), represent early biomarkers of ALF. Photoacoustic imaging is emerging as a powerful tool for in vivo imaging of ROS. However, high‐performance imaging probes that can boost the photoacoustic signals of the short‐lived ROS of ALF are yet to be developed, and there remains a great challenge for ROS‐based imaging of ALF. Herein, a ROS‐sensitive nanozyme‐augmented photoacoustic nanoprobe for successful in vivo imaging of ALF is presented. The deep‐penetrating photoacoustic signals of the nanoprobe can be activated by the overexpressed ROS in ALF due to the synergy between nanocatalytic bubbles generation and thermoelastic expansion. Impressively, the nanozyme‐augmented ROS imaging enables earlier diagnosis of ALF than the clinical ALT method, and the ROS‐activated catalytic activity of nanoprobe permits timely nanocatalytic therapy of ALF.
Metabolomics of neurological disorders in India
Authors: Gupta Sangeetha , Sharma Uma 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMetabolomics is the comprehensive study of the metabolome and its alterations within biological fluids and tissues. Over the years, applications of metabolomics have been explored in several areas, including personalised medicine in diseases, metabolome‐wide association studies (MWAS), pharmacometabolomics and in combination with other branches of omics such as proteomics, transcriptomics and genomics. Mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are the major analytical techniques widely employed in metabolomics. In addition, MS is coupled with chromatography techniques like gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) to separate metabolites before analysis. These analytical techniques have made possible identification and quantification of large numbers of metabolites, encompassing characterization of diseases and facilitating a systematic and rational therapeutic strategy based on metabolic patterns. In recent years, the metabolomics approach has been used to obtain a deeper insight into the underlying biochemistry of neurodegenerative disorders and the discovery of biomarkers of clinical implications. The current review mainly focuses on an Indian perspective of metabolomics for the identification of metabolites and metabolic alterations serving as potential diagnostic biomarkers for neurological diseases including acute spinal cord injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tethered cord syndrome, spina bifida, stroke, Parkinson's disease, glioblastoma and neurological disorders with inborn errors of metabolism.
The impact of student recognition of excellence to student outcome in a competency‐based educational model
Authors: Bliven AnnaMaria , Jungbauer Michelle 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHistorical research shows that influencing student motivation is a factor in achieving academic success. The use of a competency‐based educational (CBE) model provides a challenge in recognition of students who exceed the competency requirements of a given task or written paper. This study provides the opportunity to see if providing formal recognition of excellence in a student's work would improve their academic resilience and persistence in a CBE model. This is a retrospective longitudinal qualitative and quantitative study of all award recipients from August 2016 to August 2019, with a content analysis and correlation research investigation.Data AnalysisContent analysis of 11,664 grateful responses showed 15.6% students receiving the excellence award who were on the verge of withdrawing their enrollment, decided to continue their studies and were more motivated. Quantitative analysis (n = 30,340) comparing students receiving an excellent award with those who did not, showed the students who were awarded had a significant overall lift of 10.9% in persistence (p < .01), with students in the lower quartile as the ones with the most lift in persistence (20.23%, p < .01). Subsequent data analysis validated initial findings (10 weeks: 5.9% persistence lift, p < .01, n = 27,510; 20 weeks: 3.6% persistence lift, p < .01, n = 27,490).ResultsThe study's results are significant and have shown that student recognition positively impacts student retention and academic success. The results of this research investigation provide quantifiable and qualitative evidence that adds to the literature and contributes additional factors in the domain of competency‐based education by which future research can proceed.