bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnesium and Nickel Complexes with Bis(p-iminoquinone) Redox-Active Ligand
Authors: Meshcheryakova I. N. , Trofimova O. Yu. , Druzhkov N. O. , Pashanova K. I. , Yakushev I. A. , Dorovatovskii P. V. , Khrizanforov M. N. , Budnikova Yu. G. , Aisin R. R. , Piskunov A. V. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Poorly soluble in the most part of organic solvents dimeric complexes $${\text{M}}{{{\text{g}}}_{{\text{2}}}}{\text{L}}_{2}^{2}$$·4DMF (I) and $${\text{N}}{{{\text{i}}}_{{\text{2}}}}{\text{L}}_{2}^{2}$$·4DMF (II) (L is 4,4'-(1,4-phenylenebis(azanylylidene))bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxycyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one dianion)) are synthesized by the reactions of magnesium and nickel acetates with the ditopic redox-active ligand of the hydroxy-para-iminoquinone type in a DMF solution. The molecular and crystal structures of the synthesized compounds are determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (CIF files CCDC nos. 2045665 (I) and 2045666 (II·3DMF)). The thermal stability is studied by thermogravimetry. The redox-active character of the organic bridging ligand in the dimeric complexes $${\text{M}}{{{\text{g}}}_{{\text{2}}}}{\text{L}}_{2}^{2}$$·4DMF and $${\text{N}}{{{\text{i}}}_{{\text{2}}}}{\text{L}}_{2}^{2}$$·4DMF is confirmed by the data of solid-phase electrochemistry.
Systemic Blockade of Clever-1 Elicits Lymphocyte Activation Alongside Checkpoint Molecule Downregulation in Patients with Solid Tumors: Results from a Phase I/II Clinical Trial
Authors: Virtakoivu Reetta , Rannikko Jenna H. , Viitala Miro , Vaura Felix , Takeda Akira , Lönnberg Tapio , Koivunen Jussi , Jaakkola Panu , Pasanen Annika , Shetty Shishir , de Jonge Maja J.A. , Robbrecht Debbie , Ma Yuk Ting , Skyttä Tanja , Minchom Anna , Jalkanen Sirpa , Karvonen Matti K. , Mandelin Jami , Bono Petri , Hollmén Maija 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Macrophages are critical in driving an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that counteracts the efficacy of T-cell–targeting therapies. Thus, agents able to reprogram macrophages toward a proinflammatory state hold promise as novel immunotherapies for solid cancers. Inhibition of the macrophage scavenger receptor Clever-1 has shown benefit in inducing CD8+ T-cell–mediated antitumor responses in mouse models of cancer, which supports the clinical development of Clever-1–targeting antibodies for cancer treatment.

Patients and Methods:
In this study, we analyzed the mode of action of a humanized IgG4 anti–Clever-1 antibody, FP-1305 (bexmarilimab), both in vitro and in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic cancer (n = 30) participating in part 1 (dose-finding) of a phase I/II open-label trial (NCT03733990). We studied the Clever-1 interactome in primary human macrophages in antibody pull-down assays and utilized mass cytometry, RNA sequencing, and cytokine profiling to evaluate FP-1305–induced systemic immune activation in patients with cancer.

Results:
Our pull-down assays and functional studies indicated that FP-1305 impaired multiprotein vacuolar ATPase–mediated endosomal acidification and improved the ability of macrophages to activate CD8+ T-cells. In patients with cancer, FP-1305 administration led to suppression of nuclear lipid signaling pathways and a proinflammatory phenotypic switch in blood monocytes. These effects were accompanied by a significant increase and activation of peripheral T-cells with indications of antitumor responses in some patients.

Conclusions:
Our results reveal a nonredundant role played by the receptor Clever-1 in suppressing adaptive immune cells in humans. We provide evidence that targeting macrophage scavenging activity can promote an immune switch, potentially leading to intratumoral proinflammatory responses in patients with metastatic cancer.
Molecular Imaging of Inflammation and Fibrosis in Pressure Overload Heart Failure
Authors: Glasenapp Aylina , Derlin Katja , Gutberlet Marcel , Hess Annika , Ross Tobias L. , Wester Hans-Jürgen , Bengel Frank M. , Thackeray James T. 
Published: June 2021

Rationale:
Tissue inflammation and subsequent fibrosis contribute to ventricle remodelling after ischemic injury and have emerged as viable therapeutic targets. Comparatively, little is understood about the dynamics of inflammation and fibrosis in nonischemic heart failure, which is challenging to interrogate longitudinally.

Objective:
To investigate the interplay between ventricle loading conditions, tissue inflammation, and progressive fibrosis using noninvasive multimodality molecular imaging to characterize these processes in pressure overload heart failure.

Methods and Results:

We evaluated cardiac inflammation using positron emission tomography radiotracer
68
Ga-pentixafor, which binds to chemokine receptor CXCR4 (CXC-motif receptor 4). Over the first 7 days after transverse aortic constriction, CXCR4 imaging identified diffuse elevated myocardial inflammation throughout the left ventricle (+34%,
P
<0.001), returning to sham levels over 6 weeks after surgery. This transient signal colocalized to local enrichment of CD68 macrophages, as confirmed by autoradiography and immunostaining. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a parallel prolongation of myocardial T1 relaxation time in transverse aortic constriction mice, persisting from 8 days to 6 weeks after surgery (+22%,
P
=0.003). The persistent imaging signal correlated to increased tissue fibrosis on histology. Molecular imaging at 1 week after surgery correlated independently with the change in ventricle geometry over the subsequent 3 weeks (CXCR4, r
partial
=0.670,
P
=0.024; T1, r
partial
=0.689,
P
=0.019). Alleviation of ventricle pressure by mechanical unloading restored not only cardiac function and geometry but also attenuated global inflammation and normalized T1 relaxation time. This finding demonstrates the capacity to monitor therapeutic intervention by serial molecular imaging.

Conclusions:
Inflammation and fibrosis are implicated in the early response to pressure overload and may be sensitively monitored by multimodality imaging. Such multimodality molecular imaging approaches may guide novel treatment strategies in nonischemic heart failure.
Possibilities of the Past: Histories of the NIEO and the Travails of Critique
Authors: Venzke Ingo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe resurfacing interest in the New International Economic Order (NIEO) is mainly driven by the ambition of regaining a sense for past possibilities in order to question the present and to open up different futures. This ambition resonates with the core of critical thinking which pushes toward an appreciation of contingencies. What was possible? When approaching this question, however, historical inquiries must not overstate the possibilities of different action at the expense of determining structures. More specifically, they need to deal with the low degree of institutionalized politics on the international plane. And they need to counter a tendency toward excess nostalgia for that which was not. More than anything else, the history of the NIEO testifies to the great difficulties in turning claims about contingency into compelling narratives. Another way of approaching the NIEO, however, does not place actual possibilities at its centre, but unrealized potentials.
Trends in STEM/STEAM Education and Students’ Perceptions in Japan
Authors: Matsuura Takuya , Nakamura Daiki 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the trends in grants for STEM/STEAM education in Japan as well as Japanese students’ perception of science learning and future careers. The grants were addressed through analysis of chronological trends, while student perceptions were reviewed through student questionnaires on Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2011, 2015, and 2019. The results reflect ideas on not only STEM education, which is often treated in the context of workforce development and science/mathematics education in Japan, but also ideas on the rapid expansion of and changes to STEAM education around 2015, which seems to be intended the integration of multiple subjects. In contrast, the results showed that students’ perceptions of science and engineering careers are improving, but there are still challenges. Since subject-integrated learning has already been conducted in Japan, we consider the further discussion required regarding specific objective of STEAM versus STEM education.
Influence of Sea Surface Temperature on a Mesoscale Convective System producing Extreme Rainfall over the Yellow Sea
Authors: Kang Yunhee , Jeong Jong-Hoon , Lee Dong-In 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn extreme rainfall-producing linear mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occurred over the Yellow Sea, Korea, on 13 August 2012, producing 430 mm of rainfall in less than 12 h, causing devastating flash floods and landslides. To understand the causative processes underlying this event, we examined the linear MCSs formation and development mechanisms using observations and cloud-resolving models. The organized linear MCSs produced extreme rainfall at Gunsan in a favorable large-scale environment. The synoptic environment showed the stationary surface front elongating from China to Korea; a southwesterly low-level jet transported the warm, moist air from low latitudes towards the front. In the upper-level synoptic environment, the trough and entrance regions of the upper-level jet were north of the heavy rainfall, promoting the development of convection. The extreme rainfall over the Gunsan area resulted from the back-building mode of the MCSs, in which new convective cells continued to pass over the same area while the entire convective system was nearly stationary. The sea surface temperature (SST) during the extreme rainfall events was abnormally 1°C higher than the 30-year climatological mean, and a local warm pool (>28.5°C) existed where the convective cells were continuously initiated. Cloud-resolving models simulated the low-level convergence, and the latent heat flux was large in the local warm SST field. These induced MCSs formation and development, contributing to a significant rainfall increase over the Yellow Sea. The terrain’s influence on the large rainfall amount in the area was also noted.
Deep Learning Experiments for Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecasts
Authors: Wenwei Xu , Karthik Balaguru , Andrew August , Nicholas Lalo , Nathan Hodas , Mark DeMaria , David Judi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractReducing tropical cyclone (TC) intensity forecast errors is a challenging task that has interested the operational forecasting and research community for decades. To address this, we developed a deep learning (DL)-based Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) TC intensity prediction model. The model was trained using the global Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) predictors to forecast the change in TC maximum wind speed for the Atlantic Basin. In the first experiment, a 24-hour forecast period was considered. To overcome sample size limitations, we adopted a Leave One Year Out (LOYO) testing scheme, where a model is trained using data from all years except one and then evaluated on the year that is left out. When tested on 2010–2018 operational data using the LOYO scheme, the MLP outperformed other statistical-dynamical models by 9-20%. Additional independent tests in 2019 and 2020 were conducted to simulate real-time operational forecasts, where the MLP model again outperformed the statistical-dynamical models by 5-22% and achieved comparable results as HWFI. The MLP model also correctly predicted more rapid intensification events than all the four operational TC intensity models compared. In the second experiment, we developed a lightweight MLP for 6-hour intensity predictions. When coupled with a synthetic TC track model, the lightweight MLP generated realistic TC intensity distribution in the Atlantic Basin. Therefore, the MLP-based approach has the potential to improve operational TC intensity forecasts, and will also be a viable option for generating synthetic TCs for climate studies.
Comparison of antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by cefoperazone/sulbactam or piperacillin/tazobactam in neurosurgery patients
Authors: Chen Yue , Xiang Qiulin , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2021

Objective To compare the occurrence and prognosis of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) between patients treated with cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam in the neurosurgery department. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed patients who received cefoperazone/sulbactam or piperacillin/tazobactam to prevent or treat hospital-acquired infections in the Department of Neurosurgery of The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between October 2019 and October 2020. For patients with AAD, clinical data, antibiotic usage, the incidence of diarrhea, treatment, and prognosis were collected and analyzed. Results In total, 356 patients were enrolled, and 65 (18.6%) experienced AAD, 38 patients in the cefoperazone/sulbactam group and 27 patients in the piperacillin/tazobactam group. The AAD rate did not differ between the treatment arms. Conversely, the dosage, intensity, and duration of antibiotic therapy differed between the groups, whereas no differences were noted in the time to the appearance of diarrhea and prognosis. According to regression analysis, the incidence of AAD did not differ between the groups (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46–1.48). Conclusion Cefoperazone/sulbactam or piperacillin/tazobactam can lead to a similar incidence rate of AAD. The combined application of antibiotics and empiric therapy often occurs. The rational use of antibiotics should be improved.
A retrospective study on the safety and effectiveness of olanzapine versus midazolam for pre-hospital management of excited delirium syndrome
Authors: Lo Wai Ling , Mok Ka Leung , Poon Ying Ying 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of olanzapine compared to midazolam for the pre-hospital management of excited delirium syndrome. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who were treated by ambulance crew for excited delirium syndrome from 2016 to 2019 was performed. The drug of choice was given per Fire Service Department’s paramedic protocol (intramuscular midazolam January 2016 to October 2018 and intramuscular olanzapine October 2018 to December 2019). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients experienced at least one adverse event. The secondary outcome was the successful sedation rate. Results: A total of 201 patients were included in the study. Ninety-nine patients had pre-hospital midazolam and 102 received olanzapine. Thirty-one patients experienced adverse event after arrival to A&E, including a drop of Glasgow Coma Scale score to below 8 (90%), hypotension (6%), and airway obstruction (3%): 17 (17% patients; 1 airway obstruction and 16 Glasgow Coma Scale score below 8) in midazolam group and 14 (14% patients; 2 hypotension and 12 Glasgow Coma Scale score below 8) in olanzapine group (p = 0.41). Sixty-eight patients (69%) in midazolam group achieved successful sedation, compared with 79 (77%) in olanzapine group (p = 0.20). More adverse events were seen with midazolam than olanzapine in alcohol intoxication subgroup with statistical significance (12 vs 2, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Both midazolam and olanzapine can achieve a satisfactory success rate of sedation. More adverse events are associated with midazolam use in patients with acute alcohol intoxication, especially over-sedation and airway compromise. Olanzapine would be a safer choice in the pre-hospital setting where the resource is limited, and differentiation of underlying causes is not always possible.
Shared decision-making and patient decision aids in choosing first-line targeted therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Chih-Chien , Wang Jui-Ho , Chang Min-Chi , Chen Yu-Hsun , Wang Yung-Chang , Lee Ming-Hung , Lin Chien-Yuan , Su Yi-Chia , Lin Pei-Chin , Hsu Chao-Wen 
Published: June 2021

Introduction In Taiwan, given the discrepancy between current treatment guidelines and reimbursement options, patients might require a tool to support their decision-making process when selecting a regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer, especially therapeutic strategies, and subsequent costs, along with efficacy and safety outcomes. Therefore, we developed a patient decision aid (PDA) to support patients in choosing between treatment options recommended based on the current evidence and those reimbursed by the Taiwanese National Health Insurance. Methods By carefully reviewing the updated data and then interpreting the clinical tool, we conducted a needs assessment using a serial questionnaire to test for a step-by-step adjustment of the PDA. Results Patients, their relatives, and medical team members were most concerned about outcomes, such as overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, tumor shrinkage to resectable status, total medical cost, severe gastrointestinal perforation, and severe skin reaction. After a serial alpha test for quality, we performed quantitative evaluation and beta tests, revealing average scores of more than 4 points (on a scale of 1–5) for both perceptibility and utility. Conclusions The present findings suggest that PDAs are useful and supplement the shared decision-making practice, helping patients make decisions about preferences and consider the pros and cons of treatment regimens, along with insurance reimbursement options.
The Utility of Preoperative Phone Calls for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Procedures
Authors: Dang Sabina , McKeon Mallory , Menon Varun , Chandra Rakesh , Bennett Marc L. 
Published: June 2021

Objective Perioperative patient education improves patient satisfaction, surgical outcomes, and can reduce postoperative call volume. Here, we investigate whether the use of standardized preoperative phone calls elicits similar results in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Methods Patients undergoing ESS at a tertiary rhinology center were identified prospectively through the electronic medical record (EMR). In the intervention cohort, a standardized preoperative educational phone call was performed. A postoperative survey was utilized to collect self-assessment of satisfaction and understanding in all patients. Postoperative call rates were obtained from the EMR. Wilcoxon rank sum and chi-squared analyses were conducted to compare results. Demographics of the otology and rhinology cohorts were compared with a Mann Whitney U-test. Results Data from 43 cases and 58 controls were collected. Patients receiving the intervention were similar to controls with regard to patient-reported understanding (case:9.1 ± 1.1 vs control:9.0 ± 1.4, p = 0.801) and satisfaction (case:9.4 ± 1.1 vs 8.9 ± 1.4, p = 0.155). Both cases and controls called the clinic regarding surgical outcomes more often than for postoperative medications or administrative concerns. Independent of receiving the intervention, patients that did not call clinic postoperatively had significantly better understanding of their procedures (call:8.6 ± 1.6 vs no-call:9.5 ± 1.0, p < 0.015) and satisfaction with their experience (call:8.8 ± 1.4 vs no-call:9.5 ± 1.1, p < 0.028). Patient age may contribute to lack of impact in the rhinology cohort, as compared to the otology group, but socioeconomic status does not seem to differentiate the two samples. Conclusion Though shown in other settings, a significant impact of educational phone calls prior to surgery was not observed in this sample. Patient education calls prior to endoscopic sinus surgery were not associated with changes in postoperative call volume to the clinic. Patient understanding and satisfaction may be related to other factors, such as patient selection or demographics. Future studies may target such patients prior to ESS.
MetaVelvet-DL: a MetaVelvet deep learning extension for de novo metagenome assembly
Authors: Liang Kuo-ching , Sakakibara Yasubumi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The increasing use of whole metagenome sequencing has spurred the need to improve de novo assemblers to facilitate the discovery of unknown species and the analysis of their genomic functions. MetaVelvet-SL is a short-read de novo metagenome assembler that partitions a multi-species de Bruijn graph into single-species sub-graphs. This study aimed to improve the performance of MetaVelvet-SL by using a deep learning-based model to predict the partition nodes in a multi-species de Bruijn graph.

Results
This study showed that the recent advances in deep learning offer the opportunity to better exploit sequence information and differentiate genomes of different species in a metagenomic sample. We developed an extension to MetaVelvet-SL, which we named MetaVelvet-DL, that builds an end-to-end architecture using Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory units. The deep learning model in MetaVelvet-DL can more accurately predict how to partition a de Bruijn graph than the Support Vector Machine-based model in MetaVelvet-SL can. Assembly of the Critical Assessment of Metagenome Interpretation (CAMI) dataset showed that after removing chimeric assemblies, MetaVelvet-DL produced longer single-species contigs, with less misassembled contigs than MetaVelvet-SL did.

Conclusions
MetaVelvet-DL provides more accurate de novo assemblies of whole metagenome data. The authors believe that this improvement can help in furthering the understanding of microbiomes by providing a more accurate description of the metagenomic samples under analysis.
NoRCE: non-coding RNA sets cis enrichment tool
Authors: Olgun Gulden , Nabi Afshan , Tastan Oznur 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background

While some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are assigned critical regulatory roles, most remain functionally uncharacterized. This presents a challenge whenever an interesting set of ncRNAs needs to be analyzed in a functional context. Transcripts located close-by on the genome are often regulated together. This genomic proximity on the sequence can hint at a functional association.

Results

We present a tool, NoRCE, that performs cis enrichment analysis for a given set of ncRNAs. Enrichment is carried out using the functional annotations of the coding genes located proximal to the input ncRNAs. Other biologically relevant information such as topologically associating domain (TAD) boundaries, co-expression patterns, and miRNA target prediction information can be incorporated to conduct a richer enrichment analysis. To this end, NoRCE includes several relevant datasets as part of its data repository, including cell-line specific TAD boundaries, functional gene sets, and expression data for coding & ncRNAs specific to cancer. Additionally, the users can utilize custom data files in their investigation. Enrichment results can be retrieved in a tabular format or visualized in several different ways. NoRCE is currently available for the following species: human, mouse, rat, zebrafish, fruit fly, worm, and yeast.

Conclusions

NoRCE is a platform-independent, user-friendly, comprehensive R package that can be used to gain insight into the functional importance of a list of ncRNAs of any type. The tool offers flexibility to conduct the users’ preferred set of analyses by designing their own pipeline of analysis. NoRCE is available in Bioconductor and https://github.com/guldenolgun/NoRCE.