bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Multi-Omics Cell Signatures of Early Liver Injury
Authors: Migdał Maciej , Tralle Eugeniusz , Nahia Karim Abu , Bugajski Łukasz , Kędzierska Katarzyna Zofia , Garbicz Filip , Piwocka Katarzyna , Winata Cecilia Lanny , Pawlak Michał 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to tissue injury and inflammation hallmarked by the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition in the liver parenchyma and tissue remodelling. Different cell types of the liver are known to play distinct roles in liver injury response. Hepatocytes and liver endothelial cells receive molecular signals indicating tissue injury and activate hepatic stellate cells which produce ECM proteins upon their activation. Despite the growing knowledge on the molecular mechanism underlying hepatic fibrosis in general, the cell-type-specific gene regulatory network associated with the initial response to hepatotoxic injury is still poorly characterized.
Results

In this study, we used thioacetamide (TAA) to induce hepatic injury in adult zebrafish. We isolated three major liver cell types - hepatocytes, endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells - and identified cell-type-specific chromatin accessibility and transcriptional changes in an early stage of liver injury. We found that TAA induced transcriptional shifts in all three cell types hallmarked by significant alterations in the expression of genes related to fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as immune response-associated and vascular-specific genes. Interestingly, liver endothelial cells exhibit the most pronounced response to liver injury at the transcriptome and chromatin level, hallmarked by the loss of their angiogenic phenotype.
Conclusion

Our results uncovered cell-type-specific transcriptome and epigenome responses to early stage liver injury, which provide valuable insights into understanding the molecular mechanism implicated in the early response of the liver to pro-fibrotic signals.
Life Events and Quality of Life in the Chinese Population: The Mediating Role of Social Capital
Authors: Zhang Jianghui , Wang Songmei , Han Xiaoyu , Xu Chuanzhi , Chen Ying , Cheng Nan , Deng Haoyuan , Yin Jianzhong , Meng Qiong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective

Life events and social capital can affect one’s quality of life. Stress buffering theory holds that social capital can buffer the negative effects of life events. A conceptual model based on stress buffering theory was proposed to test whether social capital played a mediating role in the relationship between life events and quality of life among adults in Yunnan, China.
Methods

This study was based on baseline survey data from the Yunnan Cohort in the Chinese Multi-ethnic Cohort (CMEC). A total of 22881 adults were recruited by multistage stratified cluster sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to collect participants’ information, including general demographic characteristics and life events. A self-developed ultra-brief social capital scale was utilized to assess the participants’ social capital and the EQ-5D-5L scale was used to measure their quality of life. Correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationships among life events, social capital and quality of life, and structural equation models were used to evaluate whether social capital had a mediating effect on the relationship between negative life events and quality of life.
Results

Social capital had a direct positive effect on quality of life (β = 0.108, 95% CI [0.089, 0.128]). Life events not only directly affected quality of life (β= -0.117, 95% CI [-0.135, -0.099]) but also indirectly negatively affected quality of life through social capital (β= -0.018, 95% CI [-0.022, -0.014]). The results showed that social capital had a mediating effect on the relationship between negative life events and quality of life.
Conclusion

Social capital played an important mediating role in the relationship between life events and quality of life, and social capital alleviated the negative effects of life events. Providing better social capital for adults experiencing negative life events could effectively improve their quality of life.
Seroprevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus in Local Chickens in Njombe and Bahi Districs in Tanzania
Authors: Mngumi Elifuraha Barnabas , Bunuma Emmanuel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes significant losses of poultry in Tanzania. Like in many African countries, the regular surveillance of NDV is important for the control of disease. The objective of this study was to determine seroprevalence of NDV in backyard poultry in Bahi and Njombe districts of Tanzania over the rainy (May) and dry (November) seasons in 2016. Using hemaglutination inhibition test, the overall seroprevalence was determined to be 26.8%. The significant differences in seroprevalence was between seasons ((higher (34.9%) in dry season, p < 0.0001)) and age ((higher (30.3%), p < 0.0001 in adult birds)). There were no significant differences in seroprevalence between the districts or sex. The higher levels of “protective” antibody titers were significantly associated with location; Njombe (RR 1.15), dry season (RR 1.08), and age; adult birds (RR 1.16), however the prevalence of these titers was not high enough to conclude any herd immunity among these flocks. This study therefore provides a brief insight of NDV disease dynamics in Tanzania. Future studies focusing on transmission, strain type, and monthly dynamics of NDV in backyard flocks will provide greater insight into the disease dynamics and allow new practical strategies to alleviate the effects of NDV for the smallholder farmers
The continuity of prime numbers can lead to even continuity(The ultimate)
Authors: Ling Xie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
n continuous prime numbers can combine a group of continuous even numbers. If an adjacent prime number is followed, the even number will continue. For example, if we take prime number 3, we can get even number 6. If we follow an adjacent prime number 5, we can get even numbers by using 3 and 5: 6, 8 and 10. If a group of continuous prime numbers 3,5,7,11,... P, we can get a group of continuous even numbers 6,8,10,12,..., 2n. Then if an adjacent prime number q is followed, the original group of even numbers 6,8,10,12,..., 2n will be finitely extended to 2 (n + 1) or more adjacent even numbers. My purpose is to prove that the continuity of prime numbers will lead to even continuity as long as 2 (n + 1) can be extended. If the continuity of even numbers is discontinuous, it violates the Bertrand Chebyshev theorem of prime numbers. Because there are infinitely many prime numbers: 3, 5, 7, 11,... We can get infinitely many continuous even numbers: 6,8,10,12,...
Preventive practices towards Sexually Transmitted Infection and its determinants among young people in Ethiopia: a protocol for a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Anbesu Etsay Woldu , Aychiluhm Setognal Birara , Alemayehu Mussie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Globally, about 178.5 million new cases of curable sexually transmitted infections occur among young people aged 15–24 years. There are fragmented and inconsistent findings on preventive practices of sexually transmitted infection and there is no national representative data on preventive practices of sexually transmitted infection in Ethiopia. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of good preventive practices of sexually transmitted infection and identify its determinants among young people in Ethiopia.
Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline was employed to develop the review protocol. Databases such as PubMed, CINAH, Google, and Google Scholar were used to search published and unpublished studies from May 15 − 12 August/2021. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument will be used to assess the quality of the studies. Statistical heterogeneity will be checked using I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression will be done based on regions to identify the sources of heterogeneity at a p-value < 0.05. The statistical analysis will be done using STATA version-14 software. A random-effects model will be employed to estimate the pooled prevalence and identify determinants of preventive practices of sexually transmitted infections.
Discussion
Young people have a high unmet need for sexual and reproductive health services and poor preventive practices toward sexually transmitted infection. Despite different interventions implemented to enhance the preventive practice of sexually transmitted infection among young people, the problem is still a challenge in low-income countries, including Ethiopia
Innovative Method of Utilising Hydrogen Peroxide for Source Water Management of Cyanobacteria
Authors: huang Jianyin , Ghaly Maximus , Hobson Peter , Chow Christopher W.K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The treatment and control of cyanobacterial blooms using copper-based algaecides in water reservoirs has historically been used, however, due to the adverse impact of copper on the environment, water authorities have been researching and studying new and innovative ways to control cyanobacterial blooms. Hydrogen peroxide has been investigated as an environmentally friendly alternative and this research aims to determine the impact of water quality on its effectiveness based on the decay characteristics in different water samples. Natural water samples from South Australian reservoirs were used to evaluate hydrogen peroxide decomposition and provide a better strategy for water operators in using it as an algaecide. Our experiments show the dependency of hydrogen peroxide decomposition not only on water quality but also on the initial hydrogen peroxide dose. A higher initial hydrogen peroxide dose can trigger the increase of pH, leading to increased consumption of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the hydrogen peroxide decomposition is significantly accelerated with the rise of copper concentration in water samples. Moreover, it is found that UV light can also affect the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide decay is more significant under UV light for the samples with lower hydrogen peroxide concentrations. Our study also shows the impact of DOC on hydrogen peroxide decomposition is not substantial. The study also presents a modelling method to optimise hydrogen peroxide application based on water quality characteristics. Our findings can provide knowledge for the water industry to produce a suitable model which can be used to optimise the application of hydrogen peroxide for the control of cyanobacteria.
Association of Serum Creatinine Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A Case Control Study
Authors: Song Do Kyeong , Hong Young Sun , Sung Yeon-Ah , Lee Hyejin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Reduced skeletal muscle has been suggested as a potential risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Serum creatinine is the primary metabolite of creatine in skeletal muscle. Therefore, low serum creatinine levels may be associated with an increased risk of T2DM. We aimed to evaluate the association between serum creatinine levels and the risk of T2DM in Korea.Methods: We analyzed a total of 264,832 nondiabetic adults older than 40 years of age who had undergone a national health examination at least once from 2009 to 2015 in the Korean National Health Insurance Service Cohort. Hazard ratios for T2DM were calculated.Results: In men, serum creatinine levels and the risk for T2DM showed an inverse J-shaped association. This association was confirmed after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting plasma glucose. In women, there was a trend that serum creatinine levels were inversely associated with the risk of T2DM among those with serum creatinine below 1.1 mg/dl. However, serum creatinine levels were not significantly associated with the risk of T2DM after adjustment for age, BMI, SBP, DBP, and fasting plasma glucose.Conclusions: Reduced levels of serum creatinine were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM in men with creatinine below 1.20 mg/dl. There was a trend that decreased levels of serum creatinine were associated with an increased risk of T2DM among women with serum creatinine below 1.1 mg/dl, although this result was not statistically significant.
Online Sex-Seeking Among Chinese Heterosexual Men Who Seek Care in Stis Clinics: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Changchang , Tang Weiming , Ho Hung Chak , Zhao Peizhen , Chen Lei , Wang Yajie , Xiong Mingzhou , Yang Bin , Zheng Heping , Wang Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The Internet has become an important virtual venue for men who have sex with men to seek sexual partners, with a high potential threat to spread sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However,the onlinesex-seeking use and its risk causing STIs spread remain unclear among heterosexual men. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the use of online sex-seeking venues and the related risky sex activities (e.g. condomless sex, quick sex) in STIs clinics in Guangdong, China. Methods: These STIs clinics were involved in the Guangdong governmental sentinel network and we recruited heterosexual men (age >= 18) between March and August 2018. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with online sex-seeking use and risky sex activities with online sex partners. Results: 191 of 2,154 participants (8.9%) ever sought sex online. Among users,16.8% met their partners in-person within 24 hours, 31.4% engaged in condomless sex with their last online partner. Online sex-seeking was positively associated with a) previous STIs diagnosis (aOR=3.0, 95%CI:2.0-4.6), and b)having casual partners in the last three months (aOR=3.3, 95%CI 2.4-4.6). Condomless sex with the last online partner was negatively associated with the correct answer of “having only one partner can reduce the risk to infect HIV” (aOR=0.3, 95%CI:0.1-0.8). Conclusion:In China, online sex-seeking and its related risky sexual activities are not rare among heterosexual men. Future prevention strategies to reduce STIs incidence should especially target heterosexual men engaging in online sex-seeking.
Exploring the Transportome of the Biosurfactant Producing Yeast Starmerella Bombicola
Authors: Claus Silke , Jezierska Sylwia , Elbourne Liam D.H. , Bogaert Inge N.A. Van 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Starmerella bombicola is a non-conventional yeast mainly known for its capacity to produce high amounts of the glycolipids ‘sophorolipids’. Although its product has been used as biological detergent for a couple of decades, the genetics of S. bombicola are still largely unknown. Computational analysis of the yeast’s genome enabled us to identify 254 putative transporter genes that make up the entire transportome. For each of them, a potential substrate was predicted using homology analysis, subcellular localization prediction and RNA sequencing in different stages of growth. One transporter family is of exceptional importance to this yeast: the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter Superfamily, because it harbors the main driver behind the highly efficient sophorolipid export. Furthermore, members of this superfamily translocate a variety of compounds ranging from antibiotics to hydrophobic molecules. We conducted an analysis of this family by creating deletion mutants to understand their role in the export of hydrophobic compounds, antibiotics and sophorolipids. Doing this, we could experimentally confirm the transporters participating in the efflux of medium chain fatty alcohols, particularly decanol and undecanol, and identify a second sophorolipid transporter that is located outside the sophorolipid biosynthetic gene cluster.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of glacial lakes (1990-2018) in the Kashmir Himalayas, India using remote sensing and GIS
Authors: Ahmed Rayees , Wani Gowhar Farooq , Ahmad Syed Towseef , Mir Riyaz Ahmad , Almazroui Mansour , Jain Sanjay K. , Ahmed Pervez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study is perhaps the first attempt to use satellite data (1990–2018) to analyze spatiotemporal changes in glacial lakes over the Kashmir Himalayas supplemented by field studies. Landsat images were used to delineate the spatial extent of glacial lakes at four time points, i.e., 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018. The total count of lakes as well as their spatial extent showed a discernible increase. The number increased from 253 in 1990 to 322 in 2018, with a growth rate of 21.4%. The area has increased from 18.84 Km2 in 1990 to 22.11 Km2 in 2018 with a growth rate of 14.7 percent. The newly formed glacial lakes, including supra glacial lakes, were greater in number than the lakes that disappeared over the study period. All glacial lakes are situated at elevations of 2700 m asl and 4500 m asl. More than 78% of lake expansion in the study region is largely due to the growth of existing glacial lakes. Through area change analysis, our findings reveal that certain lakes show rapid expansion needing immediate monitoring and observation. The analysis of the meteorological variables reveals that minimum and maximum temperatures in the Jhelum basin have shown an increasing trend. Tmax showed an increase of 1.1°C, whereas Tmin increased to 0.7°C from 1990 to 2018. On the other hand, precipitation has shown a decreasing trend, which can be attributed to one of the major causes of glacier recession and the expansion of glacial lakes in the Upper Jhelum basin. Consequently, this study could play a significant role in devising a comprehensive risk assessment plan for potential GLOFs and developing a mechanism for continuous monitoring and management of lakes in the study region.
Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Ovarian Function in Perimenopausal Women With Endometriosis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Uehara Mari , Wada-Hiraike Osamu , Hirano Mana , Koga Kaori , Yoshimura Noriko , Tanaka Sakae , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

In women with endometriosis, the association between ovarian function, hormones, and bone mineral density (BMD) is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the correlation between changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal women with endometriosis and clinical data, such as ovarian reserves.
Methods

In this prospective study, we evaluated 207 female patients who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Tokyo Hospital between December 2015 and December 2020. We included patients aged ≥ 40 years with a history of endometriosis or who presented with endometriosis lesions. Patients with a history of smoking, steroid administration, autoimmune diseases, dyslipidaemia, and heart disease were excluded. During the study period, patients who underwent two tests, an initial and a follow-up test (n = 142, average age: 45.02 years, average BMD: 1.16 g/cm2), were evaluated at regular intervals based on the annual rate of change in BMD.
Results

There was a negative correlation between the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and BMD, and a positive correlation between the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and BMD. The annual rate of change in BMD correlated only with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. A large decline in BMD was associated with high TSH levels and higher average age at menopause. Patients with higher TSH exhibited a higher rate of decrease in BMD than those without.
Conclusions

High FSH or low AMH levels are associated with decreased BMD. Decreased ovarian reserve is associated with decreased BMD in perimenopausal women with endometriosis. High TSH levels increase the risk of BMD loss. This finding may help manage osteoporosis and BMD loss in perimenopausal women with endometriosis by predicting BMD loss from ovarian reserve and TSH levels.
S-line as Predictor of Clinical Outcome for Patients Undergone Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Lu Yilin , Zhu Jian , Luo Xi , Sun Kaiqiang , Sun Jingchuan , Shi Jiangang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Some have speculated that LSTV has an impact on lumbar curve. A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate S-line as predictor of clinical outcome for patients undergone transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar spinal stenosis.Methods: 126 patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion were enrolled. S-line stands for the connecting line between the highest points of the iliac crests on both sides. The patients were divided into two groups according to the position of S-line, S-line (-) group included patients whose S-line were between L4 and L5, and S-line (+) group included patients whose S-line is above or below this range, which were divided into two subgroups. Their pre-operative imaging data about sagittal alignment were collected, including lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic incidence (PI) and pelvic tilt (PT). Clinical outcomes were measured using Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, the Oswestry disability index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) before the surgery and postoperatively. The correlation of S-line and clinical outcomes, as well as sagittal alignment and clinical outcomes, were analyzed.Results: LL, SS, PI, PT and PI minus(-) LL of S-line (-) group were (45.39°±12.68°), (30.27°±10.55°), (43.32°±12.22°), (13.05°±6.52°), (-2.07°±8.20°), respectively, and those parameters of S-line (+) group were (40.29±14.92), (35.70°±14.09°), (52.59°±17.07°), (16.89°±8.24°), (12.30°±9.98°), respectively. Significant difference were seen in the above parameters between S-line (-) and S-line (+) group. For S-line (-) and S-line (+) group, post-operative JOA score were (22.39±2.12), (20.26±2.46), post-operative VAS were (2.07±0.88), (3.14±1.47), the post-operative ODI were (8.36±3.28), (11.82±3.32), the improvement rate is (0.61±0.13), (0.55±0.15), Significant differences of those parameters are seen between S-line (-) group and S-line (+) group.Conclusion: S-line is a reliable predictor of clinical outcome for patients undergone transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar spinal stenosis.
Cost Increments of Electricity Supply to Achieve Carbon Neutrality in China
Authors: Zhuo Zhenyu , Du Ershun , Zhang Ning , Nielsen Chris , Lu Xi , Xiao Jinyu , Wu Jiawei , Kang Chongqing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Chinese government has set long-term carbon neutrality and renewable energy (RE) development goals for the power sector. Despite a precipitous decline in the costs of RE technologies, the external costs of renewable intermittency and the massive investments in new RE capacities needed to achieve carbon neutrality would drive electricity costs up. Here, we develop a power system expansion model to comprehensively evaluate changes in the costs of electricity supply over a 30-year transition to carbon neutrality, including the effects on the costs of various factors. RE supply curves across China, operating security constraints, and characteristics of various generation units are modelled in detail to assess the cost variations as accurately as possible. According to our results, approximately 5.5 TW of wind and solar photovoltaic capacities would be required to achieve carbon neutrality in the power system by 2050. The electricity supply costs would increase 21.5%, or 10.4 CNY¢/kWh (1.51 USD¢/kWh), which equates to a rise in the effective marginal price of carbon to 1082.6 CNY/t (157.0 USD/t) in 2050. The major cost increments would result from substantial investments in the new RE capacities, flexible generation resources, and network expansion that would be required to achieve carbon neutrality.