bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adequate Management of Phosphorus in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis Using a Dietary Smartphone App: Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Fakih El Khoury Cosette , Crutzen Rik , Schols Jos MGA , Halfens Ruud JG , Karavetian Mirey 
Published: April 2021

Background
The renal diet is complex and requires alterations of the diet and careful monitoring of various nutrients. Elevated serum phosphorus is common among patients undergoing hemodialysis, and it is associated with many complications. Smartphone technology could be used to support both dietitians and patients by providing a source of accessible and reliable information.

Objective
The aim of this pilot is to assess the potential efficacy of an intervention using the educational and self-monitoring mobile app KELA.AE on the phosphorous management in hemodialysis patients. Results will be used to improve both the app and a planned, rigorous large-scale trial intended to assess app efficacy.

Methods
This is a prospective pilot study performed at the hemodialysis unit of Al Qassimi Hospital (Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates). All patients were assessed for eligibility and, based on inclusion criteria, considered for enrollment. Participants met with a dietitian once a week and used the mobile app regularly for 2 weeks. Outcomes (knowledge, self-reported nonadherence, dietary intake, anthropometry, and biochemical data) were measured. This pilot is reported as per guidelines for nonrandomized pilot and feasibility studies and in line with the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2010 checklist for reporting pilot or feasibility trials.

Results
Of 26 subjects, 23 successfully completed the pilot. Patient dietary knowledge about phosphorous management improved from 51.4% (SD 13.9) to 68.1% (SD 13.3) after intervention with a large effect size (d=1.22, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.85). Dietary protein intake increased from a mean of 0.9 g/kg (SD 0.3) per day to a mean of 1.3 g/kg (SD 0.5) per day with a large effect size (d=1.07, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.69). Phosphorus to protein ratio dropped from a mean of 18.4 mg/g protein to 13.5 mg/g protein with a large effect size (d=0.83, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.43). There was no evidence of change in phosphorous intake, self-reported nonadherence, and serum phosphorus.

Conclusions
The findings of this prospective pilot reveal the potential efficacy of a smartphone app as a supportive nutrition education tool for phosphorus management in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This pilot study showed that the KELA.AE app has the potential to improve knowledge and dietary choices. A rigorous randomized controlled trial should be performed to evaluate the efficacy, assessing app use of a long-term intervention.
An Attention Model With Transfer Embeddings to Classify Pneumonia-Related Bilingual Imaging Reports: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Park Hyung , Song Min , Lee Eun Byul , Seo Bo Kyung , Choi Chang Min 
Published: April 2021

Background
In the analysis of electronic health records, proper labeling of outcomes is mandatory. To obtain proper information from radiologic reports, several studies were conducted to classify radiologic reports using deep learning. However, the classification of pneumonia in bilingual radiologic reports has not been conducted previously.

Objective
The aim of this research was to classify radiologic reports into pneumonia or no pneumonia using a deep learning method.

Methods
A data set of radiology reports for chest computed tomography and chest x-rays of surgical patients from January 2008 to January 2018 in the Asan Medical Center in Korea was retrospectively analyzed. The classification performance of our long short-term memory (LSTM)–Attention model was compared with various deep learning and machine learning methods. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), area under the precision-recall curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1 score for the models were compared.

Results
A total of 5450 radiologic reports were included that contained at least one pneumonia-related word. In the test set (n=1090), our proposed model showed 91.01% (992/1090) accuracy (AUROCs for negative, positive, and obscure were 0.98, 0.97, and 0.90, respectively). The top 3 performances of the models were based on FastText or LSTM. The convolutional neural network–based model showed a lower accuracy 73.03% (796/1090) than the other 2 algorithms. The classification of negative results had an F1 score of 0.96, whereas the classification of positive and uncertain results showed a lower performance (positive F1 score 0.83; uncertain F1 score 0.62). In the extra-validation set, our model showed 80.0% (642/803) accuracy (AUROCs for negative, positive, and obscure were 0.92, 0.96, and 0.84, respectively).

Conclusions
Our method showed excellent performance in classifying pneumonia in bilingual radiologic reports. The method could enrich the research on pneumonia by obtaining exact outcomes from electronic health data.
Voice-Controlled Intelligent Personal Assistants in Health Care: International Delphi Study
Authors: Ermolina Alena , Tiberius Victor 
Published: April 2021

Background
Voice-controlled intelligent personal assistants (VIPAs), such as Amazon Echo and Google Home, involve artificial intelligence–powered algorithms designed to simulate humans. Their hands-free interface and growing capabilities have a wide range of applications in health care, covering off-clinic education, health monitoring, and communication. However, conflicting factors, such as patient safety and privacy concerns, make it difficult to foresee the further development of VIPAs in health care.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a plausible scenario for the further development of VIPAs in health care to support decision making regarding the procurement of VIPAs in health care organizations.

Methods
We conducted a two-stage Delphi study with an internationally recruited panel consisting of voice assistant experts, medical professionals, and representatives of academia, governmental health authorities, and nonprofit health associations having expertise with voice technology. Twenty projections were formulated and evaluated by the panelists. Descriptive statistics were used to derive the desired scenario.

Results
The panelists expect VIPAs to be able to provide solid medical advice based on patients’ personal health information and to have human-like conversations. However, in the short term, voice assistants might neither provide frustration-free user experience nor outperform or replace humans in health care. With a high level of consensus, the experts agreed with the potential of VIPAs to support elderly people and be widely used as anamnesis, informational, self-therapy, and communication tools by patients and health care professionals. Although users’ and governments’ privacy concerns are not expected to decrease in the near future, the panelists believe that strict regulations capable of preventing VIPAs from providing medical help services will not be imposed.

Conclusions
According to the surveyed experts, VIPAs will show notable technological development and gain more user trust in the near future, resulting in widespread application in health care. However, voice assistants are expected to solely support health care professionals in their daily operations and will not be able to outperform or replace medical staff.
Latin America and the Caribbean SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance: Longitudinal Trend Analysis
Authors: Post Lori , Ohiomoba Ramael O , Maras Ashley , Watts Sean J , Moss Charles B , Murphy Robert Leo , Ison Michael G , Achenbach Chad J , Resnick Danielle , Singh Lauren Nadya , White Janine , Chaudhury Azraa S , Boctor Michael J , Welch Sarah B , Oehmke James Francis 
Published: April 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented stress on economies, food systems, and health care resources in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Existing surveillance provides a proxy of the COVID-19 caseload and mortalities; however, these measures make it difficult to identify the dynamics of the pandemic and places where outbreaks are likely to occur. Moreover, existing surveillance techniques have failed to measure the dynamics of the pandemic.

Objective
This study aimed to provide additional surveillance metrics for COVID-19 transmission to track changes in the speed, acceleration, jerk, and persistence in the transmission of the pandemic more accurately than existing metrics.

Methods
Through a longitudinal trend analysis, we extracted COVID-19 data over 45 days from public health registries. We used an empirical difference equation to monitor the daily number of cases in the LAC as a function of the prior number of cases, the level of testing, and weekly shift variables based on a dynamic panel model that was estimated using the generalized method of moments approach by implementing the Arellano–Bond estimator in R. COVID-19 transmission rates were tracked for the LAC between September 30 and October 6, 2020, and between October 7 and 13, 2020.

Results
The LAC saw a reduction in the speed, acceleration, and jerk for the week of October 13, 2020, compared to the week of October 6, 2020, accompanied by reductions in new cases and the 7-day moving average. For the week of October 6, 2020, Belize reported the highest acceleration and jerk, at 1.7 and 1.8, respectively, which is particularly concerning, given its high mortality rate. The Bahamas also had a high acceleration at 1.5. In total, 11 countries had a positive acceleration during the week of October 6, 2020, whereas only 6 countries had a positive acceleration for the week of October 13, 2020. The TAC displayed an overall positive trend, with a speed of 10.40, acceleration of 0.27, and jerk of –0.31, all of which decreased in the subsequent week to 9.04, –0.81, and –0.03, respectively.

Conclusions
Metrics such as new cases, cumulative cases, deaths, and 7-day moving averages provide a static view of the pandemic but fail to identify where and the speed at which SARS-CoV-2 infects new individuals, the rate of acceleration or deceleration of the pandemic, and weekly comparison of the rate of acceleration of the pandemic indicate impending explosive growth or control of the pandemic. Enhanced surveillance will inform policymakers and leaders in the LAC about COVID-19 outbreaks.
SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance System in Canada: Longitudinal Trend Analysis
Authors: Post Lori , Boctor Michael J , Issa Tariq Z , Moss Charles B , Murphy Robert Leo , Achenbach Chad J , Ison Michael G , Resnick Danielle , Singh Lauren , White Janine , Welch Sarah B , Oehmke James F 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe COVID-19 global pandemic has disrupted structures and communities across the globe. Numerous regions of the world have had varying responses in their attempts to contain the spread of the virus. Factors such as public health policies, governance, and sociopolitical climate have led to differential levels of success at controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Ultimately, a more advanced surveillance metric for COVID-19 transmission is necessary to help government systems and national leaders understand which responses have been effective and gauge where outbreaks occur.ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to provide advanced COVID-19 surveillance metrics for Canada at the country, province, and territory level that account for shifts in the pandemic including speed, acceleration, jerk, and persistence. Enhanced surveillance identifies risks for explosive growth and regions that have controlled outbreaks successfully.MethodsUsing a longitudinal trend analysis study design, we extracted 62 days of COVID-19 data from Canadian public health registries for 13 provinces and territories. We used an empirical difference equation to measure the daily number of cases in Canada as a function of the prior number of cases, the level of testing, and weekly shift variables based on a dynamic panel model that was estimated using the generalized method of moments approach by implementing the Arellano-Bond estimator in R.ResultsWe compare the week of February 7-13, 2021, with the week of February 14-20, 2021. Canada, as a whole, had a decrease in speed from 8.4 daily new cases per 100,000 population to 7.5 daily new cases per 100,000 population. The persistence of new cases during the week of February 14-20 reported 7.5 cases that are a result of COVID-19 transmissions 7 days earlier. The two most populous provinces of Ontario and Quebec both experienced decreases in speed from 7.9 and 11.5 daily new cases per 100,000 population for the week of February 7-13 to speeds of 6.9 and 9.3 for the week of February 14-20, respectively. Nunavut experienced a significant increase in speed during this time, from 3.3 daily new cases per 100,000 population to 10.9 daily new cases per 100,000 population.ConclusionsCanada excelled at COVID-19 control early on in the pandemic, especially during the first COVID-19 shutdown. The second wave at the end of 2020 resulted in a resurgence of the outbreak, which has since been controlled. Enhanced surveillance identifies outbreaks and where there is the potential for explosive growth, which informs proactive health policy.
Person-Generated Health Data in Women’s Health: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Karim Jalisa Lynn , Talhouk Aline 
Published: April 2021

Background
Due to their ability to collect person-generated health data, digital tools and connected health devices may hold great utility in disease prevention, chronic disease self-monitoring and self-tracking, as well as in tailoring information and educational content to fit individual needs. Facilitators and barriers to the use of digital health technologies vary across demographics, including sex. The “femtech” market is growing rapidly, and women are some of the largest adopters of digital health technologies.

Objective
This paper aims to provide the background and methods for conducting a scoping review on the use of person-generated health data from connected devices in women’s health. The objectives of the scoping review are to identify the various contexts of digital technologies in women’s health and to consolidate women’s views on the usability and acceptability of the devices.

Methods
Searches were conducted in the following databases: Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL Complete, and Web of Science Core Collection. We included articles from January 2015 to February 2020. Screening of articles was done independently by at least two authors in two stages. Data charting is being conducted in duplicate. Results will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist.

Results
Our search identified 9102 articles after deduplication. As of November 2020, the full-text screening stage is almost complete and data charting is in progress. The scoping review is expected to be completed by Fall 2021.

Conclusions
This scoping review will broadly map the literature regarding the contexts and acceptability of digital health tools for women. The results from this review will be useful in guiding future digital health and women’s health research.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/26110
Conflictos familiares y económicos en universitarios en confinamiento social por COVID-19
Authors: Robles Mendoza Alba Luz , Junco Supa Jenny Elsa , Martínez Pérez Vania Montserrat 
Published: April 2021

<p><strong>Introducción: </strong>El impacto de la epidemia por COVID 19 ha afectado a nivel mundial, donde los estudiantes universitarios no estuvieron exentos de las consecuencias psicosociales y socioemocionales a causa del confinamiento social de esta pandemia. <strong>Objetivo:</strong> Identificar los conflictos familiares y económicos que se presentan en universitarios ante el confinamiento social por COVID 19. <strong>Método:</strong> Se aplicó un instrumento en línea a estudiantes de la FES Iztacala UNAM integrado por 8 categorías, de las cuales dos de ellas eran preguntas abiertas relacionadas con las consecuencias del confinamiento pandémico. Se hicieron categorías de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido de las respuestas. <strong>Resultados:</strong> Se encontraron en la categoría de conflictos familiares las subcategorías de: violencia familiar, duelos emocionales por muertes de familiares, problemas de invasión a la privacidad de espacios personales e incremento del estrés y ansiedad ante las nuevas dinámicas familiares. Para la categoría de problemas económicos hubo tres subcategorías: preocupación por la economía nacional, ajuste del presupuesto familiar y problemas económicos personales que afectan al estudiante. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> La intervención de profesionales de la salud requiere de acciones que faciliten y fortalezcan las habilidades en universitarios para enfrentar los procesos socioemocionales relacionados con la familia y la economía, resultante de confinamientos sanitarios.</p><p> </p>
On The Total Edge and Vertex Irregularity Strength of Some Graphs Obtained from Star
Authors: Ramdani Rismawati , Salman A.N.M , Assiyatun Hilda 
Published: April 2021

Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a graph and $k$ be a positive integer. A total $k$-labeling of $G$ is a map $f: V(G)\cup E(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,\ldots,k \}$. The edge weight $uv$ under the labeling $f$ is denoted by $w_f(uv)$ and defined by $w_f(uv)=f(u)+f(uv)+f(v)$. The vertex weight $v$ under the labeling $f$ is denoted by $w_f(v)$ and defined by $w_f(v) = f(v) + \sum_{uv \in{E(G)}} {f(uv)}$. A total $k$-labeling of $G$ is called an edge irregular total $k$-labeling of $G$ if $w_f(e_1)\neq w_f(e_2)$ for every two distinct edges $e_1$ and $e_2$ in $E(G)$. The total edge irregularity strength of $G$, denoted by $tes(G)$, is the minimum $k$ for which $G$ has an edge irregular total $k$-labeling. A total $k$-labeling of $G$ is called a vertex irregular total $k$-labeling of $G$ if $w_f(v_1)\neq w_f(v_2)$ for every two distinct vertices $v_1$ and $v_2$ in $V(G)$. The total vertex irregularity strength of $G$, denoted by $tvs(G)$, is the minimum $k$ for which $G$ has a vertex irregular total $k$-labeling. In this paper, we determine the total edge irregularity strength and the total vertex irregularity strength of some graphs obtained from star, which are gear, fungus, and some copies of stars.
An Analysis of A Three-Phase Versus A Four-Phase Traffic Lights Regulation for A Four-Leg Intersection
Authors: Pudjaprasetya Sri Redjeki , Noor Dear Michiko 
Published: April 2021

Traffic management of intersections is an important factor that can determine traffic density at the intersection, as well as its surrounding. Long traffic queues we encounter in daily life, were often caused by ineffectiveness of traffic lights management of the cross sections.In this article, an analytic study of traffic light management of a four-leg intersection, based on the kinematic LWR model, was presented. Comparison was based on observing the end of queues over three cycles of red-green lights, under the assumption of a constant traffic flux. On every leg of the intersection, the end of the queues were obtained from characteristic lines of the shock waves.From these observations, the three phase regulation was preferred over the four-phase one. Finally, a case study of Taman Sari - Baltos intersection located in Bandung City, Indonesia, was discussed. Parameter values used in these simulations were obtained from direct observation.
Some Weighted Inequalities for Higher-Order Partial Derivatives in Two Dimensions and Its Applications
Authors: Erden Samet , Sarikaya M. Zeki 
Published: April 2021

We establish some Ostrowski type inequalities involving higher-order partial derivatives for two-dimensional integrals on Lebesgue spaces (L_{∞}, L_{p} and L₁). Some applications in Numerical Analysis in connection with cubature formula are given. Finally, with the help of obtained inequality, we establish applications for the kth moment of random variables.
Study of postvaccinal immunity to whooping cough in children with connective tissue dyslasia syndrome
Authors: Bezrodnova S. M. , Demurcheva I. V. , Kravchenko O. O. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of post-vaccination immunity against whooping cough in children aged 1 to 17 years with connective tissue dysplasia syndrome in Stavropol.The principal component analysis was used to optimize the interpretation of immunograms in connective tissue dysplasia syndromedepending on protective titers for whooping cough. Analysis by the method of principal components showed that the links of cellular immunity predominate in children with connective tissue dysplasia syndrome with low titers of antibodies to whooping cough.The general variant of the response of the immune system was observed in children with protective titers of antibodies to whooping cough (1: 160—1: 320). In children with connective tissue dysplasia with titres of 1: 640or more antibodies to whooping cough, humoral and cellular immunities are closely interrelated, it is the presence of humoral and cellular immunity that makesit possible to develop a stable immunity to preventable infections.Thus, the method of main components effectively provides accessible information on key immune processes and is promising.
Toxocarosis in the guise of tuberculosis
Authors: Kiselevich O. K. , Zubova E. D. , Takhtokhodzhaeva G. R. , Yusubova A. N. 
Published: April 2021

The variety of clinical manifestations and the absence of strictly specific features make tuberculosis and toxocariasis difficult to diagnose and treat. Doctors of various specialties are engaged in the diagnosis of toxocariasis, depending on which organ system is affected in a person and with whatsymptoms he turned to a medical institution.Purpose: to describe the case of detecting toxocariasis in a child who was treated in a tuberculosis hospital from a bacillary family contact with pronounced indicators of immunological tests and revealed changes during CT scan of the chest organs.A complex differential diagnostic path and constant medical supervision made it possible to establish a rather rare disease - toxocariasis in a child from family contact with a patient with tuberculosis.Conclusion. In the differential diagnostic series in patients withtuberculosis, the presence of parasitic diseases with a similar clinical and radiological picture cannot be excluded.
How Peculiar Are South Korean OFDI to Russia?
Authors: Sutyrin S. F. , Korgun I. A. 
Published: April 2021

This paper investigates nature of the Korean OFDI in the middle-income countries during the period 20122019. The goal is to identify any common features or differences with the observed structure of the Korean OFDI in Russia. The study is based on an assumption that a country’s investment strategies are determined by businesses. In general, business makes investment decisions based on the priorities for resource optimization and profit maximization on a global scale. Under this approach, investments to Russia would be a part of a more global strategy of Korean firms. Also, authors discuss prospects for the Russia-Korea investment cooperation under the US sanctions and how ongoing structural changes in the global economy can influence investment decisions of Korean companies.Obtained results suggest that during the period under investigation, structure of the Korean investment in Russia was similar to the structure observed in other middle-income countries. There are clear signs that investments were motivated by gaining access to the market (in other words, they were market-seeking by nature). In the near-term increase in Korean investments to Russia is unlikely due to global recession triggered by Covid-19 pandemic and risks of harder US sanctions.