bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing four-tier diagnostic test to measure students’ misconceptions on simple harmonic motion material
Authors: Janah A F , Mindyarto B N , Ellianawati  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research developed four-tier multiple choice test items to measure its validity, reliability, characteristics, and students’ misconceptions on Simple Harmonic Motion material. This research was Research and Development (R & D) using 3D (Define, Design, and Develop) development model. The tenth graders of 1 Slawi Senior High School participated in tryout test and the eleventh graders of 1 Kramat Senior High School participated in the final field test. This research used documentation, interviews, questionnaires, and tests to collect the data. The developed test consisted of 30 four-level multiple choice items covering questions, the level of confidence in answering questions, reasons, and the level of confidence in giving reasons. This research yielded validity, reliability, discrimination power, difficulty level, and the percentage of misconceptions analyses. Validation results from 8 validators stated that the instrument was very feasible with the average percentage of 86.23%. The content validity result using Aiken coefficient got the average score of 0.80 with the valid category at the 0.05 significance level. The reliability of the developed test was 0.892. The difficulty level indicated 5 easy items, 22 medium questions, and 3 difficult questions. Students experienced misconceptions on Simple Harmonic Motion material of 58.63% in the medium category.
Profile of reasoning ability and reduction of mathematical anxiety in analogy-based physics learning
Authors: Ellianawati E , Subali B , Khotimah S N , Cholila M 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe analogy approach in learning physics encourages students to use logical reasoning in understanding physics concepts without anxious about mathematics. The purpose of this study were to analyze the reasoning abilities and the reduction of mathematics anxiety of students in analogy-based physics learning. This study used a mixed method design with an embedded experimental model by involving 72 students at senior high school. Quantitative data from the test were triangulated with qualitative data from questionnaires, observations, and psychological tests of mathematics anxiety. Based on data analysis, it was found that the ability to explore facts in questions, identify problems, apply physics concepts increased by an average of 41.66%, while making conclusions 22.50%. Meanwhile, based on the psychological scale analysis of anxiety which is divided into three clusters, the mathematics anxiety cluster on assignment (MAA), in the class (MAC), and for the student’s future (MAF) has decreased by 21.76%, 32.87%, and 18.29% respectively. It can be concluded that the analogy-based physics learning significantly improve reasoning skills and reduce mathematical anxiety of students. Analogy-based learning encourages students to be able to solve physics problems by linking concepts with the peculiarities of phenomena which also have an impact on reducing their math anxiety.
Connections between prior knowledge and collaborative skill on discussion group about solar system related to descriptive scientific reasoning
Authors: Susilawati  , Ramalis T R , Kaniawati I , Rusdiana D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to analysis the connections between student’ prior knowledge and collaborative skills in discussion groups associated with student scientific reasoning about the solar system. The student’ prior knowledge contributes to building student scientific reasoning and supported by collaborative skills through discussion groups. The analysis between two variables that influence student scientific reasoning, namely prior knowledge and student collaborative skills. Method of this study is quasy experimental design with quatitative approach. The group of student who took part in the astronomy lecture consisted of 5 groups each of which 6 student. The results of the prior analysis of student’ knowledge of each group is quite low. Process, project and outcome predictions regarding prior knowledge and collaborative skills related to the formation of scientific reasoning have a high enough category in the aspect of results and a fairly low category in the process aspect. After the implementation of collaborative learning through discussion shows the results of research that significant relation between student’ prior knowledge and student collaborative skills that strengt then student scientific reasoning. Student tend to build scientific reasoning based on prior knowledge and discussion in collaborative learning. This is prior knowledge significantly influences the chronology of student in the discussion. Other found student with low prior knowledge experienced an increase in scientific reasoning through interaction and discussion in collaborative learning.
Improving conceptual understanding on temperature and heat through modeling instruction
Authors: Taqwa M R A , Taurusi T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although conceptual understanding is one of the goals of learning physics and influencing other thinking skills, many students have difficulty in understanding physics concepts. This study aims to determine the increase of students’ conceptual understanding through Modeling Instruction in Temperature and Heat. The subjects of this study were 63 students of SMAN 5 Jambi in class XI-science. The research design uses one group pretest-posttest design that is analyzed quantitatively. Data obtained from the pretest and posttest values which are then presented in the form of percentages and statistics. Quantitative data were analyzed by determining descriptive statistics, paired sample t tests, then continued the N-gain test and effect size. The qualitative data analysis is done by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that there was an increase of 0.397 (medium) in the posttest value. The influence of modeling instruction on increasing students’ concept mastery is seen from the d-effect size of 4.814 (high). The results of this study suggest that teachers should teach with Modeling Instruction on the topic of Temperature and Heat. On the other hand, based on the results of the interview, students still have difficulty in understanding fundamental concepts and understanding concepts in various representations.
Development of simulation integrated learning model with mikir approach to school for disaster mitigation
Authors: Rusilowati A , Supriyadi  , Hidayah I , Abidin Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is a country that is prone to disasters. Therefore disaster mitigation needs to be introduced to students. This study aims to: (1) develop a model of disaster mitigation through learning in schools, (2) test the validity of disaster mitigation learning models, (3) test the effectiveness of disaster mitigation learning models in increasing understanding student skills towards the concepts, principles and practice of self-rescue in the event of a natural disaster. This research is a research and development (R&D). The research design starts with a theoretical exploration and review of disaster mitigation material to be taught, validation of the model, test the effectiveness of the model and ends with a practicality test of the model. Data analysis techniques with descriptive and quantitative. The results of the study are disaster mitigation models through learning with integrated simulation models with MIKiR approach that have been validated by experts (academics, practitioners, and policy makers), and effective to increase of. understanding student skills towards the concepts, principles and practice of self-rescue in the event of a natural disaster with N-g = 0.62 in middle catogory
Development of plant physiology practical guide book with scientific approach for education
Authors: Rahmi M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The main problem in the several high school in Padang is their Plant Physiology Lab Work Guide still made in cookery book type. This is affected to the less activity of student in the practice activity. The lab work guide with cookery book type is not optimal to develop students’ skill in science process. This research goals was to produce valid, practical, and effective plant physiology practical guide with scientific approach for university. The research use the Plomp’s development model that has 3 phases; the preliminary research, the prototype phase, and assessment phase. The data collection instruments are validator sheet of lab work guidance, practicalities of lecturer and student questionnaire, observation of student’s psychomotor and affective sheet and the test result of student study. The data were analysed with the description of the percentage results that was got on the field. The validation score is 81,20% with very valid category, the practicalities score 90% by lecturer with very practical category and 82,78 % by students with very practical category too. The conclusion of this research is the plant physiology lab work guide with scientific approach for university developed is valid practical, and effective.
Explicit scientific argument on science teaching as an inquiry: designing activity on online schema using fuzzy delphi method
Authors: Hendrastuti Z R , Siswanto S , Muhlisin A , Firmadani F , Hartono H , Subali B. , Elianawati E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In science learning, inquiry and argumentation activities can make science teaching and learning meaningful by maintaining the science as a process and a product. In addition, both of them were able to train higher order thinking skills. This study aims to design an online science learning process using the stages of inquiry learning that includes argumentation activities. The Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) is employed to design the stages of learning activities involving 10 experts, including researchers in the field of science learning design, learning psychology, and also practitioners (science educators). Based on the FDM method, learning stages are arranged consisting of three online sessions where each session is carried out in one online learning meeting. The first session was in the form of identifying problems, conducting literature studies, formulating hypotheses by proposing scientific arguments. The second session is in the form of activities to prove the truth of the proposed hypothesis (collecting data), analyzing data, and evaluating the proposed hypothesis along with the scientific arguments that are prepared. The third session communicated the findings of the investigation. Based on the results, the stages of learning activities are very suitable for application in science learning which is carried out online.
Pesisir culture-based analogy presentation format used by elementary school students
Authors: Handayani L , Haryono S , Suseno  , Nugrahani R , Nugroho S E , Rohidi T R , Wiyanto  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The similarity in characteristics between students’ life experiences and some of the science concepts supports the need to use analogies in learning science in elementary schools. This paper discusses the research results aimed at exploring the analogical thinking skills of students based on culture, especially in the Pesisir area. The discussion’s main focus lies in the format of the presentation given by students when presenting the analog of the concepts of electric current and plant motion. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and literature study from various selected school sources in the Pesisir cultural area: the Tegal Regency. Derived conclusion based on data analysis and discussion stated that students’ dominant presentation format to explain the scientific concepts given in this study analogically is the verbal-pictorial format.
Measurement of TPACK self-efficacy for pre-service science teachers
Authors: Yulianti D , Utami N R , Ridloand S , Isdaryanti B 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to measure the TPACK self-efficacy of prospective science teachers based on Koehler and Mishra’s technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) theoretical framework. The instrument in this study was developed by Kiray, which consists of seven subscales; the total number of items was 55. To test the instrument, 158 students were used as respondents. Research respondents comprised 312 students in a senior year from the Faculty of Math and Science Universitas Negeri Semarang. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the construct validity of the scale. The analysis results showed that the number of items from 55 to 49 items and eight subscales. The Cronbach alpha internal reliability coefficient was calculated using SPSS 20.0 as 0.968; reliability composite 0.959, which means the scale developed was feasible to measure TPACK self-efficacy perception of pre-service science teachers. The results obtained indicate that the average TPACK self-efficacy was in the medium category.
Thermal stability tuning without affecting gas-binding function of Thermochromatium tepidum cytochrome c′
Authors: Fujii Sotaro , Kobayashi Satoru , Yoshimi Taisuke , Kobayashi Yuji , Wakai Satoshi , Yamanaka Masaru , Sambongi Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus, Thermochromatium tepidum, and Allochromatium vinosum, which grow optimally at 52, 49, and 25 °C, respectively, have homologous cytochromes c′ (PHCP, TTCP, and AVCP, respectively) exhibiting at least 50% amino acid sequence identity. Here, the thermal stability of the recombinant TTCP protein was first confirmed to be between those of PHCP and AVCP. Structure comparison of the 3 proteins and a mutagenesis study on TTCP revealed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions between the heme and amino acid residues were responsible for their stability differences. In addition, PHCP, TTCP, and AVCP and their variants with altered stability similarly bound nitric oxide and carbon oxide, but not oxygen. Therefore, the thermal stability of TTCP together with PHCP and AVCP can be tuned through specific interactions around the heme without affecting their gas-binding function. These cytochromes c′ will be useful as specific gas sensor proteins exhibiting a wide thermal stability range.
A convolutional neural network for common coordinate registration of high-resolution histology images
Authors: Daly Aidan C , Geras Krzysztof J , Bonneau Richard 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Registration of histology images from multiple sources is a pressing problem in large-scale studies of spatial -omics data. Researchers often perform ‘common coordinate registration’, akin to segmentation, in which samples are partitioned based on tissue type to allow for quantitative comparison of similar regions across samples. Accuracy in such registration requires both high image resolution and global awareness, which mark a difficult balancing act for contemporary deep learning architectures.

Results
We present a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that combines (i) a local classification CNN that extracts features from image patches sampled sparsely across the tissue surface and (ii) a global segmentation CNN that operates on these extracted features. This hybrid network can be trained in an end-to-end manner, and we demonstrate its relative merits over competing approaches on a reference histology dataset as well as two published spatial transcriptomics datasets. We believe that this paradigm will greatly enhance our ability to process spatial -omics data, and has general purpose applications for the processing of high-resolution histology images on commercially available GPUs.

Availability and implementation
All code is publicly available at https://github.com/flatironinstitute/st_gridnet.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Righting the Police: How do Officers Make Sense of Human Rights?
Authors: Martin Richard 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHuman rights have become a dominant paradigm in police reform projects worldwide, championed by policymakers, legislators and campaigners alike. Such projects are often premised on, and evaluated according to, a conception of human rights as an autonomous, coherent and legitimate body of norms. It is a paradigm made real through formal training, procedures and oversight. This paper invites a different reading of human rights. Drawing on extensive interviews with junior officers, it reveals how human rights come to be emergent from, and embedded within, the minutia of their working lives. The presence and meaning of human rights are sustained through a series of ‘sensemaking’ narratives arising from the rich intermingling of legal and organizational representations of rights and officers’ own experiences. Subtle variations, inconsistencies and contradictions in officers’ sensemaking are revealed across a four-fold typology which disrupts the stability and coherency of the human rights paradigm, but also generalizations made about police culture.
Community based participatory governance platforms and sharing of mining benefits: evidence from Ghana
Authors: Kasimba Sam A , Lujala Päivi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Participatory governance at the community level natural resource revenue management is thought to promote local stakeholders’ interests in how benefits from extraction are shared, strengthen the legitimacy of decisions, and enhance the quality of development projects financed by resource revenues. This article develops a framework to study the potential of localized participatory governance platforms in natural resource revenue management from the viewpoint of the intended beneficiaries, the local community members living in communities hosting large-scale extraction. The study focuses on local benefit-sharing trust funds that receive substantial amounts of funding to finance community development projects. Analysing in-depth two trust funds in Ghana, the article finds that the studied trust funds face three key challenges related to their participatory governance platforms: inadequate inclusion of community members in the processes that established the platforms, lack of relevant knowledge among the platform participants, and power asymmetries. The findings suggest that there is a need to include all intended platform stakeholders already in the processes leading to the platform establishment; ensure the platform’s legitimacy and independence in the eyes of the weaker stakeholders; and build capacity among the platform participants to ensure knowledge-based decisions.
Screening for occult coronary artery disease in potential kidney transplant recipients: time for reappraisal?
Authors: Ferro Charles J , Berry Miriam , Moody William E , George Sudhakar , Sharif Adnan , Townend Jonathan N 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Screening for occult coronary artery disease in potential kidney transplant recipients has become entrenched in current medical practice as the standard of care and is supported by national and international clinical guidelines. However, there is increasing and robust evidence that such an approach is out-dated, scientifically and conceptually flawed, ineffective, potentially directly harmful, discriminates against ethnic minorities and patients from more deprived socioeconomic backgrounds, and unfairly denies many patients access to potentially lifesaving and life-enhancing transplantation. Herein we review the available evidence in the light of recently published randomized controlled trials and major observational studies. We propose ways of moving the field forward to the overall benefit of patients with advanced kidney disease.
Establishing a core outcome measure for pain in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a consensus workshop report
Authors: Natale Patrizia , Perrone Ronald D , Tong Allison , Harris Tess , Hannan Elyssa , Ju Angela , Burnette Eva , Casteleijn Niek F , Chapman Arlene , Eastty Sarah , Gansevoort Ron T , Hogan Marie , Horie Shigeo , Knebelmann Bertrand , Lee Richard , Mustafa Reem A , Sandford Richard , Baumgart Amanda , Craig Jonathan C , Rangan Gopala K , Sautenet Bénédicte , Viecelli Andrea K , Amir Noa , Evangelidis Nicole , Guha Chandana , Logeman Charlotte , Manera Karine , Matus Gonzalez Andrea , Howell Martin , Strippoli Giovanni F M , Cho Yeoungjee 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Pain is the highest prioritized patient-reported outcome in people with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) but remains infrequently and inconsistently measured in clinical trials and poorly managed in clinical settings. A recently completed systematic review of pain in ADPKD identified 26 different outcome measures. None of these measures were considered appropriate as a core outcome measure due to the lack of patient-important dimensions, inadequate content, relatively long duration of completion time and limited evidence to support psychometric robustness.

Methods
We convened an international Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology–Polycystic Kidney Disease consensus workshop involving 21 patients/caregivers and 40 health professionals (clinicians, nurses, researchers, policy makers and industry representatives) from 18 countries to discuss the identification or development of a core outcome measure for pain.

Results
Four themes were identified highlighting fundamental issues for the measurement of pain in ADPKD: distressing and disrupting life participation; variability and ambiguity in defining pain; stigma, frustration and adaptation to pain; and ensuring validity and feasibility of pain measures.

Conclusions
Existing measures were found to be insufficient in capturing pain as a core outcome and there was consensus on the need for a new validated measure that is simple, succinct and addresses the impact of pain on life participation. This measure will facilitate the appropriate prioritization of pain in all trials and guide clinical decision making in people with ADPKD.
Policy-Based Editing-Enabled Signatures: Authenticating Fine-Grained and Restricted Data Modification
Authors: Sengupta Binanda , Li Yingjiu , Tian Yangguang , Deng Robert H , Yang Zheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Data owners often encrypt their bulk data and upload it to cloud in order to save storage while protecting privacy of their data at the same time. A data owner can allow a third-party entity to decrypt and access her data. However, if that entity wants to modify the data and publish the same in an authenticated way, she has to ask the owner for a signature on the modified data. This incurs substantial communication overhead if the data is modified often. In this work, we introduce the notion of policy-based editing-enabled signatures, where the data owner specifies a policy for her data such that only an entity satisfying this policy can decrypt the data. Moreover, the entity is permitted to produce a valid signature for the modified data (on behalf of the owner) without interacting with the owner every time the data is modified. On the other hand, a policy-based editing-enabled signature (PB-EES) scheme allows the data owner to choose any set of modification operations applicable to her data and still restricts a (possibly untrusted) entity to authenticate the data modified using operations from that set only. We provide two PB-EES constructions, a generic construction and a concrete instantiation. We formalize the security model for PB-EESs and analyze the security of our constructions. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the concrete PB-EES instantiation.