bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The comparative analysis of the influence of fluorochinolones on the blood leucogram of chickens
Authors: Prisnyi A A , Moiseeva A A , Skvortsov V N , Yurin D V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the present research we study the changes in ratio of different kinds of leucocytes in chickens of Hisex Brown cross following the application of fluoroquinolone antibiotic drugs. In the study we used Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Norfloxacin, Enrofloxacin. The control set was given pure drinking water throughout the experiment; each of the experimental groups was given water with one of the above-mentioned antibacterial fluoroquinolone drugs, the dosage being 200 mg/L. The leukogram contains the total number of leucocytes and the content of separate cell types and their total numbers. The study reveals significant and valid changes concerning the number of lymphocytes. On the seventh and the ninth days after the drug withdrawal all the fluoroquinolones except Ofloxacin caused lymphopenia. The valid changes in the number of pseudoeosinophils do not show clear tendencies, such changes are observed once under the influence of each drug on different days of the research. Levofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Ofloxacin cause refractory basophilia. The application of antimicrobial fluoroquinolone drugs in the course of ten days results in changes in the ratio of different kinds of leucocytes in chicken blood, but at the conclusion of the experiment every value in the leukogram returns to physiological standard.
Relationship of parameters that characterize the quality of live cocoons
Authors: Burkhanov Sh D , Mirsaatov R M , Khudoyberganov S B , Kadyrov B H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An important parameter for evaluating the technical and economic value of a batch of cocoons, along with silkiness (i.e., the ratio of the mass of shells to the mass of these cocoons as a percentage), is the volume stiffness of cocoons (i.e., the ratio of the external force acting on the cocoon to the amount of deformation of the cocoon shell). We propose to measure the volumetric stiffness using the FTI - 1M device, when an additional load is placed on the lid, which compresses the layer of live cocoons in the measuring container in height. It is obvious that the thinner the shell is, the greater the deformation of the cocoon layer will be. In addition, the volume stiffness was measured in this work by piece with a VC stiffener (i.e., a device for measuring the rigidity of the cocoon shell) separately for each breed with an error of 3%. These additional measurements confirmed the accuracy of the results obtained on the FTI - 1M device for volumetric stiffness. As a result, we obtained correlations between bulk stiffness and silkiness, as well as dependencies between bulk stiffness and shell thickness for various new breeds of silkworm cocoons: Marhamat, Marvarid, Asaka, and Yulduz. Linear dependencies are constructed based on the data presented in the corresponding table. The volume stiffness of various breeds of live cocoons increases both with increasing silkiness and the thickness of their shell. This is quite understandable, since the greater the silkiness, the thicker the shell, and therefore the greater the volume stiffness of the cocoon. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the silkiness of the Marvarid breed was lower than that of other breeds. Thus, this paper shows the possibility of determining the prospects of a particular breed by measuring and evaluating cocoons based on the correlation between silkiness and bulk stiffness or silkiness and the thickness of the shell of a cocoon sample.
Study of samples of spring barley from the collection of the All-Russian institute of crop production for resistance to biotic stress
Authors: Surin N A , Lipshin A G , Kozulina N S , Gerasimov S A , Vasilenko A V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Spring barley in Eastern Siberia occupies an important place among the main grain crops and is grown mainly for fodder purposes. Its grain can also be used in bakery, confectionery, pharmaceutical and other industries. In addition, barley is the main raw material for brewing. One of the reasons that have a significant impact on the formation of the yield and technological qualities of barley is the high susceptibility of the crop to phytopathogenic microflora, the strong development of which leads to their decrease. Barley is the most affected crop of the cereal group. The most common diseases are root rot, represented mainly by pathogens of the fusarium - helminthosporium complex. Fungi of the genus Bipolaris were identified in the forest-steppe zone, in the subtaiga zone - species of the genus Fusarium. Both are capable of infecting almost all underground and aboveground plant organs. According to the long-term data, root rot annually reduces grain yield by 20 - 23%. Samples of barley with resistance to damage by dark brown and striped barley spotting (7 points, reaction type - R) were identified; Heritage (USA), Condor, AC Albright (Canada), Malva (Latvia), Wash, Symphony (Ukraine), Viner (Kirov region), Pervocelinnik (Orenburg region), Vorsinsky 2 (Altai region) and Zauralsky 1 (Tyumen region).
Influence of seeding rates on yield and technological qualities of hemp fiber
Authors: Dimitriev V L , Makushev A E , Kayukova O V , Eliseeva L V , Shashkarov L G , Lozhkin A G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
When solving problems aimed at increasing the yield of cannabis and the marketability of the industry, improving the quality of products and reducing its cost, and ultimately restoring the previous size of the sown area, seed seeding rates are of great importance. Research in our experiments was carried out with a hashish-free variety of monoecious cannabis of the Central Russian type Diana. Studies have shown that in thickened crops by the time of harvesting, the number of fallen plants reaches 5-19 pieces per 1 m2 or 3.79-10.67%. The dependence of plant height on the area of nutrition is most clearly shown in the flowering phase: with a decrease in seed seeding rates, the height of plants increases. In this phase, the greatest growth of plants occurs, which reaches 87.7-119.1 cm. With the expansion of the area of supply is greatly enhanced by the formation of items such as plant height, stem thickness at the root collar and the base of the inflorescence, the mass of the stem, which together determine the length of the inflorescence of the plant. With the thickening of crops, the yield of stems and fibers tends to increase. The highest yield of stems and fiber was obtained at a seeding rate of 3.2 million units per 1 ha. With an increase in the seeding rate, the yield of total and long fiber increases. The yield of short fiber decreases noticeably with an increase in the seeding rate. The highest yield of long fiber 26% was provided by thickened sowing with a seeding rate of 3.2 million units per 1 ha.
The effect of opioid leu-enkephalin on the agranulocyte link of the blood system in animals with hypothyroidism under stress
Authors: Garmaeva D V , Adushinov D S , Kuznetsov A I , Frolenco A O , Artemenco K M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In outbred white rats with experimental hypothyroidism under stress conditions, changes in the agranulocytic link of the blood system, phagocytic activity of monocytes/macrophages, and the corrective effect of opioid leu-enkephalin were studied. It has been established that leu-enkephalin (dalargin) causes persistent lymphocytosis, reduces lymphatisation of the red bone marrow by small lymphocytes, stimulates central lymphopoiesis, and activates peripheral lymphopoiesis.
Structure of the radial parenchyma of annual shoots of wild species of Tian-Shan mountain ash (Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.)
Authors: Bakhtaulova A S , Abdildauly A , Ukusheva T K , Atabayeva A M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article presents the results of a comparison of the anatomical structure of annual shoots of Tian Shan mountain ash growing in the highlands of the Dzhungarian Alatau. In the anatomical structure of the stem of the Tian Shan mountain ash, the ray parenchyma is represented mainly by single-row rays, two-, three- and four-row rays are few. This research provides as a theoretical basis for vegetative reproduction of Tian Shan mountain ash by green grafting.
The water use efficiency by plants in different breeding periods buckwheat varieties
Authors: Amelin A V , Fesenko A N , Zaikin V V , Chekalin E I , Mazalov V I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the increasing climate aridization context, water effective use by plants is important, which is strongly influenced by photosynthesis and plant transpiration. In these processes’ study, buckwheat plants have pronounced variances, manifested in ontogenesis and during the day at the leaves different tiers level, which accordingly affects the water use effectiveness by plants. The water effective use greatest’ values by plants are observed in the pre-dinner hours (from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.) during active vegetative growth and mass seed pouring (20 days flowering phase), when photosynthesis processes are active and transpiration is at an average level. As a breeding result, this buckwheat plants property is enhanced, which has a positive effect on seed productivity growth. Modern crop varieties outperform local populations by an average of 19.5% in water use terms during the flowering + 20 days phase, 19.8% in photosynthesis intensity terms, 3.4% in transpiration intensity terms, and 37% in seed productivity terms. At the same time, their resistance to air and soil drought tends to decrease, which negatively affects the stability and photosynthesis, and transpiration, and yield. On this basis, it is not considered appropriate to use the water effective use indicator by plants to assess the breeding material for drought resistance but to recommend it for the only highly productive genotypes’ identification. The promising forms’ selection can be carried out in the field already in the selection’ early stages - the 1st and 2nd years nurseries selection.
Effect of Bacillus cereus IP 5832 and coumarin in the diet on the general state of the broilers
Authors: Kvan O V , Rahmatullin Sh G , Makaeva A M , Sheida E V , Duskaev G K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Currently, there is an interest in complex biological preparations based on probiotic strains and plant extracts. Probiotic preparations, together with plant extracts, are natural growth stimulants and can become a promising replacement for antibiotic growth stimulants in poultry farming, the latter stimulate the production of endogenous enzymes, improving the digestibility and absorption of nutrients in feed. Technological prospects for the probiotics and plant extracts practical joint use in poultry farming touch upon a wide range of problems related to the correction of intestinal biocenosis, hormonal and enzymatic systems, stimulation of immunity, prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of the complex introduction of the probiotic strain Bacillus cereus and a coumarin derivative in the diet of broiler chickens on hematological parameters. In the studied broiler chickens, changes in hematological and biochemical parameters are noted in connection with the processes of their growth and development. All parameters in the blood are accompanied by changes, which indicates an intense metabolic rate, an additional load in the metabolism that requires the participation of protective blood elements.
Estimation of hydraulic structures safety by comparison of strength and stability theories
Authors: Sarukhanyan A A , Vartanyan A A , Vartanyan G G , Tokmajyan H V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic structures being structures of first class require meeting the safety operation conditions. To secure safety operation conditions of earthfill dams it is important to evaluate their coefficients of stability and strength factor by calculation of mode of deformation of dam body. To complete these calculations the dam body soil actual state observation has to be carried out by experiments. Based on experimental data the mode of deformation of dam body is revealed by software modeling investigations, and safety operation conditions are evaluated. The mode of deformation is defined by nonlinear equations, which specify elasto-plastic state of dam body soil. Hydraulic structures safety and stability evaluation methods are elaborated in case of dynamic impact.
Study of organic matter influence on environmentally hazardous elements transition from the fine fraction of tailings
Authors: Maksimova V V , Krasavtseva E A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The interaction of tailings fine fraction (-0.071 mm) of loparite, complex and apatite-nepheline ores with solutions simulating soil waters was experimented in laboratory conditions. Applying the phytotesting method, the toxic effect of an aqueous extract of a loparite and complex ores tailings fine fraction on the growth and development of higher plants was determined. It was found that introduction of dissolved organic matter intensifies the process of rare and non-ferrous metals transition into soluble forms. At the same time, concentrations of pollutants in solutions after five hours of interaction by several times exceed the maximum permissible figures for fishery farms. The research results indicate the environmental hazard of tailings fine fraction as a result of the ingress of mineral particles into the soil and their interaction with soil waters.
Methods for determining the toxicity of technogenic materials used in road construction
Authors: Shepelev I I , Potapova S O , Eskova E N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A method for determining the toxicity of soil and technogenic materials used in road construction has been developed. It is proposed to determine the toxicity of technogenic substances used as building materials for the construction of road surfaces by using biotesting on Colpoda steinii infusoria based on the test reaction of the survival rate of these infusoria. Soil samples for toxicity determination were taken at different distances from the roadbed (5, 10, 20, 25, 50 m from the edge of the road surface). During the experiment, it was found that anyone of the tested soil samples taken at a distance of 25 and 50 m from the roadway is not toxic to soil infusoria, and even after three hours of water extraction in all experimental samples, the test objects survived. These data on toxicity confirm additional experiments conducted by another method of biotesting on test cultures. In this case, soft spring wheat (Triticum vulgare L.) variety Novosibirsk 29 and watercress (Lepidium sativum) variety Donskoy were used as test crops. Experiments with these test cultures showed complete identity of the results obtained for toxicity according to the proposed method using Colpoda steinii infusoria.
Theoretical substantiation of the design of the opener of the beet seeder
Authors: Soloviev S V , Abrosimov A G , Dyachkov S V , Bakharev A A , Kartechina N V , Zavrazhnov A A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Compliance with the sowing technology is the basis for the cultivation of any agricultural crop, since the yield and product quality, material and monetary costs, the seeding rate, the area of plant nutrition, as well as the design features of the machines used, depend on it. When sowing sugar beet, this issue is most relevant because recently, the sowing of this crop has undergone major changes. Most of the seeds used in Russia are both granulated and single-sprout. The seeding rate is set at the final density and, therefore, a delay in the growth of individual plants is not permissible. In this regard, serious requirements are imposed on the design of the seed sowing apparatus, one of the indicators of which is to ensure the placement of seeds on the loose bottom of the sowing furrow, backfilling it with soil from above with subsequent compaction creates unfavorable conditions for seed germination.
Environmental security in the national security system
Authors: Morgacheva N V , Levashova O V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The security of any society depends directly on the solution of environmental problems and first of all on environmental security. It penetrates all the spheres of modern society, such as economics, industry, agriculture, service sector and so on. The environmental security issues from the perspective of the Russian Federation national security are discussed in the article. The purpose of the study is identification of directions of modern state’s environmental security ensuring in the context of sustainable development. The analysis of key legal normative documents in the aspect of succession in the sphere is carried out. The concept «environmental security» is clarified. The key directions of environmental policy in the Russian Federation are defined at the current stage. The disadvantaged environmental situation of particular regions of Russia is determined for the following reasons: annually increasing growth of hazardous industrial and municipal waste; irrational forest and land management; the release of hazardous substances to the atmosphere and water bodies; radiation and chemical pollution of some areas, negative results of arms race (destruction of chemical weapons, problems with utilization of weapons-grade plutonium, radioactive waste from time-expired submarines etc.); residual principle of environmental finance; imperfection of environmental legislation; the omission of power structures at all levels in environmental protection; other technogenic influence on the nature. These reasons indicate the necessity of detailed review of the issue. Current environmental condition in the country identifies insufficient and inefficient use of funds allocated by the state for environmental protection measures.
To the question of the study of individual factors of ensuring rational nature management
Authors: Safronov V V , Shcheblyakov E S , Shapovalova T I , Kubrikova A S , Farafontova E L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The system of environmental regulation is the most important element of environmental law - one of the branch legal sciences. Environmental regulation takes a leading place in the system of ensuring proper environmental management. The authors consider rational use of natural resources as a legitimate activity of participants of environmental legal relations, designed to ensure the economical exploitation of natural resources (conditions), as well as the most effective mode of their reproduction, taking into account the prospective interests of business entities, the rights and legitimate interests of the individual, society and the state. The set of environmental norms, containing imperative principles, rules and requirements, become the most important link in the regulatory mechanism of behavior of participants of social relations in the field of the environment. The institute of environmental law is a set of legal norms regulating social relations on the protection of the environment from harmful chemical, physical and biological influences in the process of economic and other activities, as well as on the rational use of natural resources. In accordance with the Russian environmental legislation, the environment is understood as the natural environment, that is, the totality of natural objects and natural resources, including atmospheric air, water, soil, subsoil, flora and fauna, as well as the climate, in their interaction. The content of the concept “environment” does not include such objects of the social environment as buildings, structures, monuments of history and culture, etc. Relations regarding these objects are regulated by other legislation.
Research of passage capacity of combine harvesters depending on agrobiological state of bread mass
Authors: Kuzmich I M , Rogovskii I L , Titova L L , Nadtochiy O V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The limits of reducing the numerical values of the coefficients of the influence of straw content, moisture, grain contamination, on the change in the throughput of the threshing-separating device and the productivity of the combine are calculated. The boundaries of the probable numerical values of the coefficients of straw content, moisture content and dockage of grain stand have been calculated. The probable boundaries of the numerical values of productivity after an hour of network (ha/h) were calculated, depending on the influence of single and general coefficients. The method for calculating the productivity of combines, depending on the weight of the influence of individual coefficients or their overall effect, is proposed, which will make it possible to predict the likely change in productivity in a particular field and during the harvest period with minimization of biological crop losses. To obtain the resulting coefficient of influence of the state of grain, it should be taken into account that the direction of change in the value of the coefficient of influence must coincide with the direction of its influence on the throughput. That is, the minimum value of moisture, straw content and debris corresponds to the maximum value of the throughput of the threshing-separating device.
Technological line for processing animal waste
Authors: Fomicheva N V , Rabinovich G Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The accumulation of animal and poultry waste poses a serious environmental hazard to the environment. One of the ways to eliminate it is the developed technological line for processing animal waste into organic fertilizers and preparations for agriculture and plant growing. The original peat-manure mixture must meet the following requirements - humidity 65-70%, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen - 20-25: 1, pH - 6-8. Controlled modes and parameters of the fermentation process form a high-quality, environmentally friendly fermentation product, which is used as a finished organic fertilizer. It is also possible to obtain a liquid-phase biopreparation from the fermentation product, characterized by a high level of biogenicity (total microbial number of at least 1 × 1010 CFU / ml) Extraction is carried out for two days for this purpose. The sediment formed after the separation of the extracted mass is characterized by a favorable composition and can either itself, after appropriate refinement, be used as an organic fertilizer, or be used as a raw material for obtaining a liquid humic preparation (the content of humic acids is at least 5 g / l, dry matter - not less than 17 g / l, pH 8-9) and humic paste (humidity 80-85%, the content of humic acids is not less than 20%, pH 12-13). Each product of the technological line has its own function for plant growing and agriculture. The technological line is waste-free, resource-saving; it is distinguished by the relative simplicity of production, the ability to scale and use regional raw materials.
Improving the efficiency of the process of technological machines in the context of rational environmental management
Authors: Zyryanov M A , Mokhirev A P , Davydenko A N , Gosman A V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development of the timber industry complex, its current state and prospects show the need for a new resource-saving, environmentally and economically reasonable approach to the organization of the logging process, rational nature management. In recent years, the issues of ensuring the sustainability of development based on careful use of available resources and the environmental safety of production have been discussed. Today logging machines are an integral part of the timber harvesting process chain, and their efficiency directly affects their productivity and the quality of round timber. The paper presents and scientifically substantiated a design solution that increases the efficiency of the process of harvesting machines in freezing temperatures, which allows you to maintain their productivity and the quality of harvested round timber, reducing the proportion of generated logging waste in the form of technological raw materials.