bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal tolerance and preference are both consistent with the clinal distribution of house fly proto-Y chromosomes
Authors: Delclos Pablo J. , Adhikari Kiran , Hassan Oluwatomi , Cambric Jessica E. , Matuk Anna G. , Presley Rebecca I. , Tran Jessica , Sriskantharajah Vyshnika , Meisel Richard P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSelection pressures can vary within localized areas and across massive geographical scales. Temperature is one of the best studied ecologically variable abiotic factors that can affect selection pressures across multiple spatial scales. Organisms rely on physiological (thermal tolerance) and behavioral (thermal preference) mechanisms to thermoregulate in response to environmental temperature. In addition, spatial heterogeneity in temperatures can select for local adaptation in thermal tolerance, thermal preference, or both. However, the concordance between thermal tolerance and preference across genotypes and sexes within species and across populations is greatly understudied. The house fly, Musca domestica, is a well-suited system to examine how genotype and environment interact to affect thermal tolerance and preference. Across multiple continents, house fly males from higher latitudes tend to carry the male-determining gene on the Y chromosome, whereas those from lower latitudes usually have the male determiner on the third chromosome. We tested whether these two male-determining chromosomes differentially affect thermal tolerance and preference as predicted by their geographical distributions. We identify effects of genotype and developmental temperature on male thermal tolerance and preference that are concordant with the natural distributions of the chromosomes, suggesting that temperature variation across the species range contributes to the maintenance of the polymorphism. In contrast, female thermal preference is bimodal and largely independent of congener male genotypes. These sexually dimorphic thermal preferences suggest that temperature-dependent mating dynamics within populations could further affect the distribution of the two chromosomes. Together, the differences in thermal tolerance and preference across sexes and male genotypes suggest that different selection pressures may affect the frequencies of the male-determining chromosomes across different spatial scales.
New perspectives for data‐supported foresight: The hybrid AI‐expert approach
Authors: Geurts Amber , Gutknecht Ralph , Warnke Philine , Goetheer Arjen , Schirrmeister Elna , Bakker Babette , Meissner Svetlana 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper outlines new perspectives for data‐supported foresight by combining participatory expert‐based futures dialogues with the power of artificial intelligence (AI) in what we call the hybrid AI‐expert‐based foresight approach. To this end, we present a framework of five typical steps in a fully fledged foresight process ranging from scoping to strategizing and show how AI can be integrated into each of the steps to enable the hybrid AI‐expert foresight approach. Building on this, we present experiences gained from two recent research projects of TNO and Fraunhofer ISI that deal with aspects of the hybrid AI‐expert foresight approach and give insights into the opportunities and challenges of the new perspectives for data‐supported foresight that this approach enables. Finally, we summarize open questions and challenges for future research.
Analysis of the sol and gel structures of potato starch over a wide spatial scale
Authors: Nagasaki Akane , Matsuba Go , Ikemoto Yuka , Moriwaki Taro , Ohta Noboru , Osaka Keiichi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyzed edible potato starch and observed the interaction between its granular structure and water molecules. We studied the changes caused by gelatinization during heating and stirring using microscopy, micro‐FT‐IR spectroscopy, and X‐ray scattering techniques. A wide range of spatial scales was revealed using these various techniques. The rate of gelatinization varied significantly and was dependent on the starch concentration. The process of adsorption of water on starch molecules was studied using the humidity‐controlled FT‐IR spectroscopy technique. Furthermore, by comparing the X‐ray scattering profiles of dry and wet granules, the 9‐nm repeat “cluster” structure was studied. A gradual collapse of the granules occurred during the processes of heating and stirring. A clustered smectic structure and a smectic‐like structure were observed in the opaque gel after gelatinization. Upon further heating, a transparent gel was obtained after the melting of the cluster.
When two worlds collide: Using particle physics tools to visualize the limit order book
Authors: Verhulst Marjolein E. , Debie Philippe , Hageboeck Stephan , Pennings Joost M. E. , Gardebroek Cornelis , Naumann Axel , van Leeuwen Paul , Trujillo‐Barrera Andres A. , Moneta Lorenzo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe introduce a methodology to visualize the limit order book (LOB) using a particle physics lens. Open‐source data‐analysis tool ROOT, developed by CERN, is used to reconstruct and visualize futures markets. Message‐based data is used, rather than snapshots, as it offers numerous visualization advantages. The visualization method can include multiple variables and markets simultaneously and is not necessarily time dependent. Stakeholders can use it to visualize high‐velocity data to gain a better understanding of markets or effectively monitor markets. In addition, the method is easily adjustable to user specifications to examine various LOB research topics, thereby complementing existing methods.
Independent Predictors of Mortality Among Patients With NAFLD Hospitalized With COVID‐19 Infection
Authors: Younossi Zobair M. , Stepanova Maria , Lam Brian , Cable Rebecca , Felix Sean , Jeffers Thomas , Younossi Elena , Pham Huong , Srishord Manirath , Austin Patrick , Estep Michael , Terra Kathy , Escheik Carey , de Avila Leyla , Golabi Pegah , Kolacevski Andrej , Racila Andrei , Henry Linda , Gerber Lynn 
Published: July 2021

The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic among patients with chronic liver disease is unknown. Given the high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we determined the predictors of mortality and hospital resource use among patients with NAFLD admitted with COVID‐19 by using electronic medical records data for adult patients with COVID‐19 hospitalized in a multihospital health system who were discharged between March and December 2020. NAFLD was diagnosed by imaging or liver biopsy without other liver diseases. Charlson’s comorbidity index (CCI) and Elixhauser comorbidity index (ECI) scores were calculated. In the study sample, among the 4,835 patients hospitalized for COVID‐19, 553 had NAFLD (age: 55 ± 16 years, 51% male, 17% White, 11% Black, 58% Hispanic, 8% Asian, 5% from congregated living, 58% obese, 15% morbid obesity [body mass index ≥ 40], 51% type 2 diabetes, 63% hypertension, mean [SD] baseline CCI of 3.9 [3.2], and baseline ECI of 13.4 [11.3]). On admission, patients with NAFLD had more respiratory symptoms, higher body temperature and heart rate, higher alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase than non‐NAFLD controls (n = 2,736; P < 0.05). Of the patients with NAFLD infected with COVID‐19, 3.9% experienced acute liver injury. The NAFLD group had significantly longer length of stay, intensive care unit use, and mechanical ventilation, with a crude inpatient mortality rate of 11%. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of inpatient mortality among patients with NAFLD infected with COVID‐19 were older age, morbid obesity, ECI score ≥ 11, higher Fibrosis‐4 Index (FIB‐4) score, and oxygen saturation <90% (all P < 0.05), but not sex, race/ethnicity, or any individual comorbidity (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with NAFLD infected with COVID‐19 tend to be sicker on admission and require more hospital resource use. Independent predictors of mortality included higher FIB‐4 and multimorbidity scores, morbid obesity, older age, and hypoxemia on admission.
Falling film evaporation of ternary mixture under three different modes of heating
Authors: Nait Alla Abderrahman , Feddaoui M'barek , Najim Monssif 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis numerical study deals with heat and mass transfer by evaporation under mixed convection in three different configurations of a ternary liquid film in a vertical channel. The ternary liquid mixture water‐methanol‐benzene falls along the right plate of channel while the other plate is kept thermally insulated. In the first configuration, a heat flux density is applied to the wall carrying the trickle film, while in the other configurations this same amount of heat is used to preheat the liquid film or the air at the inlet of the channel. The implicit finite difference scheme is used to solve the system of equations in both liquid and vapor phases. According to this study, it was observed that the evaporation efficiency is high when the mass fraction of volatile components is high or in the preheating state of ternary film.
A novel and efficient deep learning approach for COVID‐19 detection using X‐ray imaging modality
Authors: Bhardwaj Prashant , Kaur Amanpreet 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith the exponential growth of COVID‐19 cases, medical practitioners are searching for accurate and quick automated detection methods to prevent Covid from spreading while trying to reduce the computational requirement of devices. In this research article, a deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based accurate and efficient ensemble model using deep learning is being proposed with 2161 COVID‐19, 2022 pneumonia, and 5863 normal chest X‐ray images that has been collected from previous publications and other online resources. To improve the detection accuracy contrast enhancement and image normalization have been done to produce better quality images at the pre‐processing level. Further data augmentation methods are used by creating modified versions of images in the dataset to train the four efficient CNN models (Inceptionv3, DenseNet121, Xception, InceptionResNetv2) Experimental results provide 98.33% accuracy for binary class and 92.36% for multiclass. The performance evaluation metrics reveal that this tool can be very helpful for early disease diagnosis.
Ein Algizidtest unter Laboratoriumsbedingungen
Authors: Krienitz L. , Wenzel W. , Böhm H. 
Published: July 2021

Vorgestellt wird cine Algizidtestvariante, die es erlaubt, unter laboratoriumsmäßig standardisierten Bedingungen ein repräsentatives Sortiment von Vertretern aus den Gruppen der Cyanophyceen, Diatomeen sowie monadaler, kokkaler und ulotrichaler Chlorophyceen zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit neu entwiekelter Substanzen einzusetzen. Die Testergebnisse liegen bereits nach 10 bzw. 24 h vor. Die elf Algenreinkulturstämme werden asynchron in Suspensionen bei 30 °C unter Dauerlicht kultiviert.Die Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit der Herbizide Amitrol, Paraquat, Atrazin, Fenuron und 2,4‐D‐Säure sowie der Algizide Quartolan, Cumasina ,,aktiv“ und Dimanin A zeigte, daß sich der als Bezugsorganismus eingesetzte Reinkulturstamm der Species Chlorella vulgaris (A 6) in seiner Empfindlichkeit gegenüber algiziden Substanzen als repräsentativ für einen großen Teil der übrigen Testorganismen erwies.Abweichungen in der Algizidempfindlichkeit einzelner Vertreter haben ihre Ursache vorwiegend in physiologischen und anatomisehen Besonderheiten bzw. im jeweiligen Volumen‐Oberflächenverhältnis und der Bildung von Coenobien.Deshalb kann ein Test mit den ausgewählten Organismen in kurzer Zeit eine umfassende Aussage über den Wirkungsgrad algizider Substanzen ermöglichen.
Zur mikrobiologischen Beurteilung der Wasserqualität in Fließgewässern zur Trinkwassergewinnung
Authors: Mašínová L. 
Published: July 2021

Der vorliegende Beitrag befaßt sich mit der Frage der Beurteilung von mikrobiologischen Befunden bei langfristiger (1976 … 1979) Überwachung der Wasserqualität eines kleinen, zur Trinkwasserversorgung genutzten Flusses.Als mikrobiologische Indikatoren werden die coliformen Bakterien und Enterokokken gewählt. Bei Beurteilung der Befunde von coliformen Bakterien im Sinne der gültigen Verordnung wurde festgestellt, daß die maximal zulässige Zahl dieser Bakterien an der Entnahmestelle von Rohwasser für die Wasseraufbereitungsanlage um 81,88%, an entfernteren Stellen um 27% bzw. 33,3% überschritten wird.Nach diesen Ergebnissen könnte der Fluß nicht als Trinkwasserquelle genutzt werden. Dieser Schlußfolgerung widersprechen jedoch Enterokokkenbefunde und Werte, die für Indikatoren der biologischen und chemischen Zusammensetzung des Rohwassers festgestellt wurden. Daraus geht hervor, daß eine zuverlässige Beurteilung des für die Trinkwassergewinnung bestimmten Oberflächenwassers nicht auf der Basis eines einzigen Indikators der mikrobiellen Verunreinigung wie der Koliformenkeimzahl erfolgen kann.
Microtubule affinity regulating kinase 4: A promising target in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
Authors: Qin Yu‐Sheng , Li Heng , Wang Shu‐Zhi , Wang Zong‐Bao , Tang Chao‐Ke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMicrotubule affinity regulating kinase 4 (MARK4), an important member of the serine/threonine kinase family, regulates the phosphorylation of microtubule‐associated proteins and thus modulates microtubule dynamics. In human atherosclerotic lesions, the expression of MARK4 is significantly increased. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that MARK4 exerts a proatherogenic effect via regulation of lipid metabolism (cholesterol, fatty acid, and triglyceride), inflammation, cell cycle progression and proliferation, insulin signaling, and glucose homeostasis, white adipocyte browning, and oxidative stress. In this review, we summarize the latest findings regarding the role of MARK4 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis to provide a rationale for future investigation and therapeutic intervention.
Emerging roles of angiopoietin‐like proteins in inflammation: Mechanisms and potential as pharmacological targets
Authors: Yang Jing , Song Qiu‐yi , Niu Shu‐xuan , Chen Hui‐jing , Petersen Robert B. , Zhang Yu , Huang Kun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAngiopoietin‐like proteins (ANGPTLs), a family of eight secreted glycoproteins termed ANGTPL1‐8, are involved in angiogenesis, lipid metabolism, cancer progression, and inflammation. Their roles in regulating lipid metabolism have been intensively studied, as some ANGPTLs are promising pharmacological targets for hypertriglyceridemia and associated cardiovascular disease. Recently, the emerging roles of ANGPTLs in inflammation have attracted great attention. First, elevated levels of multiple circulating ANGPTLs in inflammatory diseases make them potential disease biomarkers. Second, multiple ANGPTLs regulate acute or chronic inflammation via various mechanisms, including triggering inflammatory signaling through their action as ligands for integrin or forming homo‐ /hetero‐oligomers to regulate signal transduction via extra‐ or intracellular mechanisms. As dysregulation of the inflammatory response is a critical trigger in many diseases, understanding the roles of ANGPTLs in inflammation will aid in drug/therapy development. Here, we summarize the roles, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic values for ANGPTLs in inflammation and inflammatory diseases.
Magnetically separable NiFe2O4/Ag3VO4/Ag2VO2PO4 direct Z‐scheme heterostructure with enhanced visible‐light photoactivity
Authors: Su Changhua , Zhang Dafeng , Pu Xipeng , He Zhuang , Hu Xun , Li Lei , Hu Guangzhi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe occurrence of organic contaminants in surface water has drawn great concern in recent years. The construction of a heterostructure has been shown to improve photoactivity by boosting the separation of photogenerated charge carriers. In this work, magnetically separable NiFe2O4/Ag3VO4/Ag2VO2PO4 (NFO/AVO/AVPO) heterojunction photocatalysts were synthesized via a chemical etching method in ammonia solution of different concentrations, using NFO/AVPO as the source material. The magnetic NFO/AVO/AVPO not only endows magnetic recoverability using an external magnetic field, but also possesses a heterojunction, boosting the separation of photoinduced charges.RESULTSCompared with NFO, AVPO and NFO/AVPO, NFO/AVO/AVPO composites as synthesized show improved visible‐light photoactivities. At the optimum concentration (0.15 mol L−1) of ammonia solution, the NFO/AVO/AVPO shows 8.5 and 10.7 times improved photodegradation efficiency for methylene blue and imidacloprid than that of pristine NFO/AVPO, respectively. Due to the presence of magnetic NiFe2O4, the NFO/AVO/AVPO can be magnetically separated easily from the photoreaction system using a magnet. The improved photoactivity can be attributed to the formation of a direct Z‐scheme heterojunction, which boosts the separation of photoinduced electron–hole pairs.CONCLUSIONThis work not only opens up a new method to fabricate heterojunction photocatalysts, but also paves the way for designing advanced magnetically separable photocatalysts with improved photoactivity. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Decomposing subcubic graphs into claws, paths or triangles
Authors: Bulteau Laurent , Fertin Guillaume , Labarre Anthony , Rizzi Romeo , Rusu Irena 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLet be the set of connected graphs of size 3. We study the problem of partitioning the edge set of a graph into graphs taken from any nonempty . The problem is known to be ‐complete for any possible choice of in general graphs. In this paper, we assume that the input graph is subcubic (i.e., all its vertices have degree at most 3), and study the computational complexity of the problem of partitioning its edge set for any choice of . We identify all polynomial and ‐complete problems in that setting.
Maker Breaker on digraphs
Authors: Frieze Alan , Pegden Wesley 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe study two biased Maker–Breaker games played on the complete digraph . In the strong connectivity game, Maker wants to build a strongly connected subgraph. We determine the asymptotic optimal bias for this game viz. . In the Hamiltonian game, Maker wants to build a Hamiltonian subgraph. We determine the asymptotic optimal bias for this game up to a constant factor.
Berge–Fulkerson coloring for C(12)‐linked permutation graphs
Authors: Liu Siyan , Hao Rong‐Xia , Zhang Cun‐Quan , Zhang Zhang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is conjectured by Berge and Fulkerson that every bridgeless cubic graph has six perfect matchings such that each edge is contained in exactly two of them. Let be a permutation graph with a 2‐factor . A circuit is ‐alternating if is a perfect matching of . A permutation graph with a 2‐factor is ‐linked if it contains an ‐alternating circuit of length at most 12. It is proved in this paper that every‐linked permutation graph is Berge–Fulkerson colorable. As an application, the conjecture is verified for some families of snarks constructed by Abreu et al., Brinkmann et al., and Hägglund et al.
Identification of altered cell signaling pathways using proteomic profiling in stable and progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Bagacean Cristina , Iuga Cristina Adela , Bordron Anne , Tempescul Adrian , Pralea Ioana-Ecaterina , Bernard Delphine , Cornen Melanie , Bergot Tiffany , Le Dantec Christelle , Brooks Wesley , Saad Hussam , Ianotto Jean-Christophe , Pers Jacques-Olivier , Zdrenghea Mihnea , Berthou Christian , Renaudineau Yves 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by significant biologic and clinical heterogeneity. This study was designed to explore CLL B-cells’ proteomic profile in order to identify biologic processes affected at an early stage and during disease evolution as stable or progressive. Purified B cells from 11 untreated CLL patients were tested at two time points by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Patients included in the study evolved to either progressive (n = 6) or stable disease (n = 5). First, at an early stage of the disease (Binet stage A), based on the relative abundance levels of 389 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), samples were separated into stable and progressive clusters with the main differentiating factor being the RNA splicing pathway. Next, in order to test how the DEPs affect RNA splicing, a RNA-Seq study was conducted showing 4217 differentially spliced genes between the two clusters. Distinct longitudinal evolutions were observed with predominantly proteomic modifications in the stable CLL group and spliced genes in the progressive CLL group. Splicing events were shown to be six times more frequent in the progressive CLL group. The main aberrant biologic processes controlled by DEPs and spliced genes in the progressive group were cytoskeletal organization, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and mitochondrial and inositol phosphate metabolism with a downstream impact on CLL B-cell survival and migration. This study suggests that proteomic profiles at the early stage of CLL can discriminate progressive from stable disease and that RNA splicing dysregulation underlies CLL evolution, which opens new perspectives in terms of biomarkers and therapy.
Lassa fever amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic in Africa: A rising concern, efforts, challenges, and future recommendations
Authors: Uwishema Olivier , Alshareif Baha A. A. , Yousif Mohamed Y. E. , Omer Mohammed E. A. , Sablay Alfredo L. R. , Tariq Rabeet , Zahabioun Amirsaman , Mwazighe Rehema M. , Onyeaka Helen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLassa fever, caused by the Lassa virus of the Arenaviruses family, is a re‐emerging public health concern that has led to 300,000 infections and 5000 deaths annually in Africa. Highly prevalent in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, Nigeria, Côte d'lvoire, Ghana, Togo, and Benin, patients infected with the virus can manifest with cough, sore throat, headache, nausea, and vomiting among other symptoms. Coexisting with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and its impacts, cases of Lassa fever in the African population have been reported to decrease due to hesitancy in visiting clinics that leads to unreported cases—all contributing to a silent outbreak in West Africa. Thus, to overcome current burdens, gaps, and challenges caused by Lassa fever amidst COVID‐19 in Africa, various recommendations for efficient control of transmission, measures for disease containment, and strategies to correct misperceptions were made.
Evaluation of a rapid antigen detection test (Panbio™ COVID‐19 Ag Rapid Test Device) as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool for COVID‐19 in a pediatric emergency department
Authors: Carbonell‐Sahuquillo Silvia , Lázaro‐Carreño María I. , Camacho Jorge , Barrés‐Fernández Ana , Albert Eliseo , Torres Ignacio , Bretón‐Martínez José R. , Martínez‐Costa Cecilia , Navarro David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe evaluated the Panbio™ COVID‐19 Ag Rapid Test Device as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool for COVID‐19 in 357 patients at a pediatric emergency department. Thirty‐four patients tested positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, of which 24 were positive by the antigen assay. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 70.5% and 100%, respectively.