bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green mining techniques to curb environmental problems - A review
Authors: Srivani Maddala Venkata Kanaka , Sharma Shubham , Chohan Jasgurpreet , Kumar Raman , Singh Sandeep 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many methods are used to extract the ores causing huge threat to environment. Mining practices lead to un sustainability and the problems created by it were not yet controlled. So adoption of Green mining technologies helps to attain sustainable development and control the problems to maximum extent. The main objective of green mining is to start mining process and end it to ensure that adopting green mining practices lead to sustainability. Green mining also reduces greenhouse gases prone to effect conserve minerals, using energy more efficiently etc. According to Mission 2016 plan many green mining techniques were adopted and increased focus on research and became more popular so every industry focusing on environmental friendly technologies. Some of the major mining nations like Canada, Australia, South Africa etc adopted sustainable development viewed on not only environment but also other dimensions like local stake holder engagement, socio economic development in mining project areas and transparency in communication with stake holders. Sustainable strategies of mining includes measurement, monitoring mainly to improve the performance of environment and ensure that the mining operations are perfect or not. This paper reviews impacts of mining in various countries and Green mining solutions adopted over the world. It also discussed about Green supply chain management and the barriers of it and given the suggestions to control these barriers.
Load Aware Hotspot Selection for SLA Improvement in Cloud Computing and Protect Environment by Reduction In CO2 Emissions
Authors: Vaneet Kumar A.P , Jindal Balkrishan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is a leading concept that envisions everyday objects around us as a part of internet. In order to accomplish this attribution, cloud computing provides a pathway to deliver all the promises with IoT enabled devices. The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus, namely SARS-CoV-2, acts as feather to the cap for the growth of Cloud users. With the increasing traffic of applications on cloud computing infrastructure and the explosion in data center sizes, QoS along with energy efficiency to protect environment, reducing CO2 emissions is need of the hour. This strategy is typically achieved using Three Layer upper Threshold (TLTHR) policy to analyze and perform VM consolidation. The proposed model controls number of migrations by placement of virtual machines, based on VMs and their utilization capacity on host. The efficacy of the proposed technique is exhibited by comparing it with other baseline algorithms using computer based simulation. Hence better QoS and energy efficiency has been obtained than other classical models.
Development of Forecasting Model for Prediction of Compressive Strength of Foamed Concrete using Density with W/C ratio and S/C ratio by the Application of ANN
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Bhardwaj Saurav , Bera Payel , Lone Tayeba , Karim Sufiyan , Singh S K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This Artificial neural network study presents the prediction model for a cellular foamed concrete. Foamed Concrete is a cementitious material that should consist of a minimum of 20% of foam, which is mechanically entrained using the mechanical generator of foam. Foamed Concrete possesses a cellular microstructure. By which they become a highly air-entrained system having unusual physical and mechanical properties. It is the perfect mixture of cement, water, sand (fine aggregate), and perforated foam. Published information related to the prediction of foamed concrete is limited, and rational guidelines to evaluate the compressive strength of the concrete are not widely available. This study aims to encourage the strength of foamed concrete economically and predict the strength in the compressive form of concrete. A dataset of 153 instances having an input parameter proportion of Density, W/C ratio, & S/C ratio have been taken to predict compressive strength to elevate and expand the precision and accuracy of the foamed concrete. The data has been trained with the help of ANN, in which we conduct a network analysis to forecast the compound’s performance and stability. The deficiency of strength of foamed concrete is to be sorted out with the help of ANN, and the prominent and reliable equation for the compression power is generated. ANN helps to optimize the compressive strength at the time of physical casting of the concrete.
Remote Sensing and GIS based Land Use Land Cover Analysis in Chandel District, Manipur, India
Authors: Singh Ashangbam Inaoba , Singh Kanwarpreet 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Rapid urbanization has dramatically altered land use and land cover (LULC). The focus of this research is on the examination of the last two decades. The research was conducted in the Chandel district of Manipur, India. The LULC of Chandel (encompassing a 3313 km2 geographical area) was mapped using remotely sensed images from LANDSAT4-5, LANDSAT 7 ETM+, and LANDSAT 8 (OLI) to focus on spatial and temporal trends between years 2000 and 2021. The LULC maps with six major classifications viz., Thickly Vegetated Area (TVA), Sparsely Vegetated Area (SVA), Agriculture Area (AA), Population Area (PA), Water Bodies (WB), and Barren Area (BA) of the were generated using supervised classification approach. For the image classification procedure, interactive supervised classification is adopted to calculate the area percentage. The results interpreted that the TVA covers approximately 65% of the total mapped area in year 2002, which has been decreased up to 60% in 2007, 56% in 2011, 55 % in 2017, and 52% in 2021. The populated area also increases significantly in these two decades. The change and increase in the PA has been observed from year 2000 (8%) to 2021 (11%). Water Bodies remain same throughout the study period. Deforestation occurs as a result of the rapid rise of the population and the extension of the territory.
An Experimental Study of Bricks Made with Different Mineral Additives
Authors: Singh Harsimranjit , Nazeer Mudasir , Kumar Tiwary Aditya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLarge numbers of bricks are required to meet the needs of increasing population for both residential and commercial sectors. The overall development and industrial development lead to the use of the traditional bricks at a very hefty rate. The traditional bricks are commonly made up of clay as its main component as a result it is on the verge of exhaustion. To standardize its broad, utilize and discovering its auxiliary one is the need of the hour. In this study, bricks were made by using different proportions of alternative materials like fly ash (FA), sand, lime and plaster of Paris. The size of specimen 230×110×70 mm was manufactured and quality constraints like compressive strength and water absorption were tested at different curing ages. The cost-effective mix design of the bricks for optimum compressive strength and rate analysis was also the part of this study. It was detected from the observation of results that the compressive strength decreases with increasing percentage in fly ash and increases with increasing percentage of sand and lime in fly ash-based bricks. Increment in water absorption was observed as fly ash content is increased and decrement of water absorption is seen with increasing percentage of sand and lime in fly ash-based bricks.
A study based upon the effect of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, iron slag and fly ash over the strength aspects of geo-polymer concrete
Authors: Maqbool farhan , Chand Jagdish 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this research work fly ash, iron slag and polyvinyl alcohol fiber was utilized to enhance the strength parameters of the concrete. Fly ash and iron slag were used as replacement of the cement and polyvinyl alcohol fiber was used as an additive at 0 %, 2 %, 3 % and 4 %. After this several samples were casted and then verified for numerous test. Compressive strength test was executed and it finds out that concrete containing Polyvinyl Alcohol fibers (with different curing methods) was showing increasing strength as compared to concrete deprived of Fiber. Specimens of oven cured samples shown a large increase in strength as compared to room temperature curing as shown in the result section. Compressive strength increases up to three percent of adding Polyvinyl Alcohol fiber after that strength decreasing. Flexure strength was carried on the Geo-Polymer concrete with different curing techniques and result show’s an impressive increase in flexural strength, but room temperature cured specimens show lesser growth as compared oven cured specimens. But not lower than concrete which didn’t have Polyvinyl Alcohol fiber in it. Flexural strength increases up to three percent of adding Polyvinyl Alcohol fiber in both the curing techniques and decreases at four percent as shown in the result section. Split tensile test was also carried out for both the curing techniques oven curing and room temperature curing. The samples which were cured in oven curing show impressive growth in strength. Maximum split tensile strength attained at three percent of adding Polyvinyl Alcohol fiber. With the help of UPV, it was found that the concrete that makes with the help of a Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber is of good quality as shown in results.
Durability of potholes filled with waste materials
Authors: Zafar  , Singh Jagdeep 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Repairing and maintenance of potholes continues to be a serious problem for road construction organizations as they need to be reconstructed time to time. For rural and suburb areas the maintenance of potholes is rarely done because of high cost of materials and availability of equipment. Here is when the idea of using waste materials in potholes patching is bolded. With rapid increase of population and construction industry the disposal of waste material seems to be a major challenge for country like Afghanistan where large amount of plastic is being disposed to environment which due to non-biodegradable properties of plastic it would stay in environment almost forever and will cause pollution. Hence, the utilization of waste plastic is a big need for countries. Simultaneously, with spreading cities and upgrading roads lack of origin materials may occur on the other hand waste demolished materials from destructed buildings are being disposed on country sides and often in cities which create land pollution and traffic congestion. However, they can be used in road construction as a replacement of natural aggregate and fillers. Which will reduce in cost of the projects and help in reduction of these materials form environment. In this research poly ethylene plastics (PE) were used as admixture of bitumen in 4%, 6%,8% and 10% which came out that 8% is best for the mix. Accordingly waste demolished aggregate was used as a fully replacement of original aggregate. Basic aggregate tests were done on demolished aggregate and it was found that it can be used in bitumen mixes for use in district roads and village roads.
Status-quo of the different canal systems of Punjab, India
Authors: Bedi Harinderpal Singh , Singh Sandeep 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In India, Punjab is a state which grows large proportion of countries agricultural products and the dependence of cultivatable land, for irrigation, is highly shifting towards the use of surface water. Currently, there are three major fresh water rivers that flow through Punjab i.e., Ravi, Beas and Satluj. Since, India’s independence and its partition, several reforms have taken place with respect to the modifications in the flow of these rivers. As several activities of the state such as, industrial, domestic, geo-political etc., are dependent on the availability of the fresh water, therefore, it is imperative to provide the status-quo of the changes in the rivers of Punjab. This article brings forward, the present condition of the three rivers of Punjab with respect to the development of canals, construction of headworks, dams etc. It is expected that this article will provide an insight of the complete fresh water distribution in the state Punjab, India, to the various stakeholders of associated fields.
Study on the Behavior of Rigid Pavement Using Quarry Dust as a Partial Replacement of Sand and Sulfonated Naphthalene Formaldehyde (SNF) as an Admixture
Authors: Singh Khundrakpam Binod , Chopra Avani 
Published: December 2021

AbstractQuarry dust is considered as a possible source of natural sand or fine aggregate in concrete construction work. This could reduce the problem of dumping of quarry dust as a byproduct from stone crusher factory. The experimental work investigates the optimum quarry dust percentage which can be adopted as replacement of fine aggregate in concrete mainly for rigid pavement. The quarry dust is added at different percentages of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% replacement of fine aggregate for M35 grade concrete thereby to find out the optimum content of quarry dust that can give better strength in concrete. Mix design has been developed for M35 grade of concrete as per IRC 044 – 2017(Mix Design for Concrete Pavement) and mix design ratio is found as 1: 1.6: 2.62 by using Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) as an admixture at 1%, and 2%. The required water cement ratio was obtained as 0.39 according to table no.9 of IRC 044 for the target strength of 42.5 N/mm2. Optimum strength and workability test values of concrete made up for various proportions of quarry dust along with SNF are compared with conventional concrete of natural fine aggregate after 7 days and 28 days curing. It is found that the strength increased with the increase in curing time and the maximum strength at 28 days curing and 60% quarry dust replacement with 2% addition of SNF. The maximum strength of quarry replaced concrete is obtained as 40.3MPa, 5.6MPa, and 5.1MPa for compressive, flexural, and split tensile respectively.
Performance of Inclined Skirt Footing: Numerical Analysis
Authors: Singh Chamjeet , Singh Jagdeep , Singh Sandeep , Kumar Vikas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The skirt footings are considered as alternate to enhance the bearing capacity of shallow foundation on sandy soil as an alternate of deep foundation. The experimental data of paper titled “Performance of skirt strip footing subjected to eccentric inclined load was consider as base for validation and other parameters of material for numerical investigation for different conditions. Numerical analysis was conducted to determine the behavior of two-sided skirt footing on eccentric loading with different angle and projections provided to skirt. The study reveals good impact of skirt angle and skirt projection lengths on load capacity of footing system
Performance Evaluation of a Forward Swept Blade for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine through CFD Simulation
Authors: Golloy E J , Honra J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With high power density wind farms, reduced environmental impact, and logistical requirements, vertical axis wind turbines offer a good value proposition for the challenging topography of the Philippines. In this study, the forward-swept wing was incorporated as a VAWT blade; its swept angle is defined along the axis of rotation and evaluated its performance through CFD simulation utilizing SST k-ω turbulence model with curvature correction function validated against experimental data. The forward-swept blade exhibited improved performance over a limited tip speed ratio (λ) with up to a 7.2% increase in peak performance occurring at λ = 2.6 and with the highest increase of 14 % in λ = 2.387. The increase is due to an increased peak torque output characterized by stall delay attributed to forward swept high angle of attack.
Wind Energy Potential Assessment Based-on WRF Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation System and Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform Dataset
Authors: Hesty Nurry Widya , Cendrawati Dian Galuh , Nepal Rabindra , Al Irsyad Muhammad Indra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Indonesia has a target of achieving 23% of renewable energy share in the total energy mix in 2025. However, Indonesia does not have accurate and comprehensive data on renewable energy potentials, especially wind energy. This article aims to assess the theoretical potential of wind speed and to visualize the wind speed by province for the entire Indonesia. Our assessment relied on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation technique, also known as Nudging Newtonian relaxation. The robustness of our analysis is confirmed by using high-resolution data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–Final (NCEP - FNL) and Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform (CCMP) Reanalysis satellite data. This study shows the WRF method is a feasible option to estimate wind speed data.
Field experiment on flow stabilization of working fluid in a top-heat-type thermosyphon
Authors: Maruyama K , Kawaguchi T , Fujisawa T , Kawashima T 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo address the problem of global warming, increasing efforts are being made to use renewable sources of energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy. However, the effective use remains a major challenge for its sustainable development. In this study, we used a top-heat-type thermosyphon to heat water using solar energy and transport the low-density hot water from the source to the sink (high to low elevation) without an external power source. The transported hot water can be used for cooking, bathing, underfloor heating, and heating homes and buildings, and warming cold springs. However, a disadvantage of top-heat-type thermosyphon is the intermittent flow of the circulating working fluid under low solar radiation. To address this issue, the authors proposed and developed a control system to stabilize the intermittent flow and prevent equipment damage and failure due to the sudden boiling of water. Field experiments were conducted to assess the practicability of the developed controller. The results showed that the controller efficiently converted the intermittent flow of working fluid to continuous flow by reducing the pressure in the buffer chamber and thus lowering the boiling point of the working fluid in the header of the solar collector.
Reuse of organic waste from Eucalyptus globulus extract with high reducing potential in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles
Authors: D. Asmat-Campos , R. Nazario-Naveda , D. Delfín-Narciso , L. Juárez-Cortijo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The research provides a new and sustainable methodology for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, using Eucalyptus globulus extract, this due to the fact that it presents metabolites capable of acting as a reducing potential of our silver nitrate precursor, and thus obtaining nanostructured material. This is also associated with the reuse of this type of organic material, which currently abounds as waste in the Peruvian highlands. In the specific case of this research, the effect on the stability over time of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated by varying the pH, with values of 4.82, 8.05 and 10.15. It was observed that as the pH increases the production of nanoparticles is higher, having a saturation threshold close to pH 8. It was also found that for alkaline pH close to 10 a more complete reaction of the reducing agent occurs, but with a high dispersion.
The Refractive Periscope – a Novel Concept
Authors: Haltovsky A , Shemar A , Schwarz A , Gur E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A periscope is an optical device whose function is to allow sighting of objects that are not in direct line of sight with the observer Eye/Screen/Detector. The concept behind the periscope is tilting the optical axis by breaking the rays of light with a mirror or prism so that the image is obtained in the desired location. The periscope has a variety of uses, many of which belong to the military realm. For example, observing from submarines above the sea level surface, looking at the war zone from inside of a tank, directing light into hidden places and more. In this article, the authors will review a new development based on wave guide concept which composes a tube with light reflective walls. This allows us to build a significantly Small-dimensional periscope with respect to a standard periscope that does not use lenses. The authors will also review a number of applications suitable for the reflection periscope.
Optimization of curcumin temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrizha Roxb.) on calcareous marginal land under teak
Authors: Sholihah P K , Nihayati E , Karyawati A S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Temulawak produces bioactive compounds that have antioxidant activity and changes in its chemical composition are caused by environmental pH. Sulphur is an essential nutrient for plants and a constituent of several coenzymes and vitamins that play a role in plant metabolism. Marginal calcareous land in Tuban is generally used as teak production forest, because food crops cannot grow optimally in this land. Temulawak is a shade-tolerant plant that can grow well in conditions of low light intensity. The objective of this research is to obtain the appropriate goat manure and sulphur fertilizer dosages for temulawak planted beneath teak stands on calcareous marginal soil in order to maximize its yield and quality. The field experiment was RCBD with three replications and two factors: manure level (10, 15 and 20 t ha-1) and ZA level (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1). The results showed that a higher fresh weight of rhizomes per clump was obtained in combination of 10 and 15 ha-1 manures and 40 kg ha-1 sulphur fertilizer. Similar high yield is obtained when 20 t ha-1 of manure is applied in combination with 80 kg ha-1 of sulphur. In addition, a higher curcumin content and antioxidant activity were obtained in plant treated with 10 t ha-1 manure without S fertilizer. Similar high curcumin content and antioxidant activity of the rhizome were also obtained from rhizome treated with 15 t ha-1 of manure in combination with 40 kg ha-1 sulphur fertilizer and 20 t ha-1 manure without sulphur fertilizer.
Yield performance of several promising lines of black rice as affected by application of mycorrhiza biofertilizer and additive intercropping with soybean under aerobic irrigation system on raised-beds
Authors: Wangiyana W , Farida N , Aryana I G P M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mycorrhiza-biofertilizer and legume intercropping were reported to increase yield and anthocyanin content of red-rice. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mycorrhiza-biofertilizer and soybean-intercropping in additive series on yield of black-rice of different genotypes in irrigated aerobic-systems on raised-beds. The experiment, conducted on farmer’s ricefield from April to August 2021, was designed using SSP design, with black-rice genotypes (G3, G9, G4/15) as main plots; intercropping (T0=monocrop; T1=intercropping) as subplots, and mycorrhiza-biofertilizer (without and with mycorrhiza) as the sub-subplots. The results indicated that mycorrhiza-biofertilizer showed the most significant effects in increasing yield of back-rice followed by soybean-intercropping and genotypes. However, the significant interaction effects especially between mycorrhiza-biofertilizer and genotypes (M*G) indicated that G3 was not responsive but both G9 and G4/15 were highly responsive to application of mycorrhiza-biofertilizer with the highest grain yield (56.79 g/clump or 10.54 t/ha) was on G4/15 with biofertilizer and the lowest (27.48 g/clump or 5.5 t/ha) was on G9 without biofertilizer. Mycorrhiza-biofertilizer was also resulted in higher increase in grain yield under soybean-intercropping (31.9%) compared with under monocropped black-rice (15.5%).