bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Bone Mineral Density in Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Ramakrishna Manjunath P. , Arun Chankramath S. , Sreedharan Sandeep , Pavithran Praveen V. , Bhavani Nisha , Bhaskaran Renjitha , Kumar Harish 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
Bone health in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its changes after kidney transplantation has been a subject of considerable interest. Kidney transplantation could potentially impact this process positively by reversing hyperparathyroidism, but immunosuppression including steroids could be deleterious to bone health. We studied the baseline and posttransplant bone mineral density (BMD) and factors affecting the changes in BMD after transplantation.

Methods:
Patients who were included in the study underwent biochemical tests and dual-energy absorptiometry for BMD. These tests were performed at baseline and 8 months after transplantation.

Results:
The mean BMD in lumbar spine was 1.09 ± 0.15 g/cm2 at baseline and 1.06 ± 0.15 g/cm2 posttransplantation (P = 0.002). The mean BMD at left forearm was 0.88 ± 0.10 g/cm2 at baseline and 0.89 ± 0.10 g/cm2 after transplantation (P = 0.013). The mean BMD at femur was 0.91 ± 0.16 g/cm2 and 0.89 ± 0.10 g/cm2 (P = 0.77) after transplantation. At baseline, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) had a significant negative correlation with femoral BMD (r = 0.44, P = 0.02) and 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH) Vit-D) had a positive correlation with forearm BMD (r = 0.50, P = 0.004). Eight months after transplantation, 25(OH) Vit-D levels showed a positive correlation with lumbar spine BMD (r = 0.36, P = 0.04). Cumulative steroid dose negatively correlated with spine BMD (r = −0.43, P = 0.01) posttransplantation.

Conclusions:
In this study, the baseline BMD was well preserved. Higher iPTH was associated with lower femoral BMD. Low 25(OH) Vit-D was associated with reduced forearm BMD. There was worsening of spinal BMD and improvement in forearm BMD 8 months after transplantation. No significant change in femoral BMD was noted. Cumulative steroid dose had a significant negative impact on BMD at spine. There were no fractures noted during the study, but two patients had avascular necrosis of the femur.
Detection of SARS-CoV2 virus using the real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in semen and seminal plasma from men with active COVID-19 infection – A pilot study
Authors: Gupta Pankush , Choudhary Aashish , Gopal Giridara , Kumar Rajeev , Kumar Arbind , Tiwari Pawan , Malhotra Neena 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in various body fluids. Its presence in semen has been tested with contradictory results. This study aimed to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus using the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) in semen and seminal plasma from men with active COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional study at a COVID facility, men aged 20–45 years with active COVID-19 infection provided semen samples within 7 days of symptom onset or 5 days of nasopharyngeal rRT-PCR test positivity in asymptomatic men. Testing of SARS-CoV-2 was performed using rRT-PCR and semen analysis was done for sperm counts and motility as per the WHO (2010) standards.

Results:
A total of 37 men with a mean age of 32.2 ± 5.6 years were tested. SARS CoV-2 virus could not be isolated in any of the samples. Further, microscopic analysis done on 17 samples showed normal semen parameters during the active phase of disease.

Conclusion:
Men with mild COVID-19 disease or asymptomatic individuals do not shed virus in their semen, ruling out sexual contact as a mode of transmission in this subset of population.
Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Subfractions with Insulin Resistance in Nigerians with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Onwukwe Chikezie Hart , Chikezie Nkiru Ifeoma , Okorie Kalu , Nwani Paul Osemeke , Ohwovoriole Augustine Efedaye 
Published: September 2021

Background:
There are conflicting reports on the relationship of each of the two subfractions of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Information on the relationship between HDL-C subfractions and insulin resistance in Nigerian patients with T2DM is not available in the literature.

Aim:
The aim of this article is to determine the association between subfractions of HDL-C and insulin resistance in Nigerian patients with T2DM.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with T2DM who were being managed by the Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism unit of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, South-East Nigeria were recruited for this study, whereas individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were recruited from Nnewi town. The study was carried out within a 5-month period. History was taken and physical examination was done on study participants. Fasting venous samples were collected for plasma glucose, plasma total HDL-C, plasma HDL-C phenotypes, serum C-peptide, serum creatinine, and serum alanine transferase estimation. Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IRC-peptide) score was determined using plasma glucose and serum C-peptide concentrations. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical software.

Results:
A total of 616 participants consisting of 400 participants with T2DM and 216 participants with NGT were recruited for the study. Difference in age, sex, and blood pressure was not statistically significant between participants with T2DM and those with NGT. There were statistically significant differences in body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, total HDL-C, and HDL-C subfractions between subjects with T2DM and those with NGT. There was a significant negative correlation between HOMA-IR score and each of HDL2-C (r
s= −0.513, P < 0.01), HDL3-C (r
s= −0.471, P < 0.01), and HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio (r
s= −0.416, P < 0.01) in subjects with T2DM. Total HDL-C (odds ratio (OR)=3, P = 0.02), HDL2-C (OR=3.87, P = 0.01), and HDL3-C (OR=2.54, P = 0.02) were significant predictors of insulin resistance in individuals with T2DM after univariate and multivariate logistic regressions.

Conclusion:
This study showed a negative correlation between insulin resistance and each of the HDL-C subfractions in Nigerian patients with T2DM with HDL2-C having the strongest correlation with HOMA-IR score.
Frequency of Sexual Dysfunction in Women with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Naz Masood Shabeen , Saeed Saira , Lakho Nusrat , Masood Yasir , Rehman Mahnoor , Memon Saleh 
Published: September 2021

Objectives:
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) with chronic diseases such as diabetes has received little attention globally. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of sexual dysfunction (SD) in women with diabetes; an aspect of female health that has not been explored in our population.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional observational study using non-probability convenient purposive sampling technique was carried out at three health facilities of Karachi, for a duration of 1 year. One hundred women with diabetes who consented to participate in the study were included. Pregnant, divorced, widowed, and unmarried females were excluded. Modified female sexual function index (FSFI) was used to gather information.

Results:
Out of 100 women, 88 women with diabetes completed the interviewer-based modified FSFI survey questionnaire. Among 88 women, 38 (43.2%) reported to have SD, whereas 50 (56.8%) were found to have no significant sexual issues. Partner's age and occupation were significantly associated with FSD. All parameters of modified FSFI, i.e., sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and dyspareunia, were significantly associated (P < 0.001) with diabetes.

Conclusion:
Women with diabetes are at increased risk of SD and often do not volunteer information about their sexual issues. The most common cause of SD was dyspareunia, followed by lubrication, orgasm, lack of sexual arousal, and sexual desire. The healthcare providers should be aware to initiate and facilitate the discussion and need to develop their own comfort to talk about sexual issues.
Diabetes and Its Complications; Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) and Their Determinants in Pakistani People with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Waris Nazish , Butt Anum , Askari Saima , Fawwad Asher , Basit Abdul 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding diabetes and its associated complications in people with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective observational study was conducted at the Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Baqai Medical University (BMU), Karachi, Pakistan. The duration of the study was from January 2019 to June 2019. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of BIDE. People with type 2 diabetes aged older than 25 years, with more than two years’ duration of diabetes were included. A self-structured questionnaire was designed to assess KAP.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 53.14±11.62 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 10.76±7.65 years. Knowledge and attitude showed higher mean percentage scores of 85.5% and 88.6% as compared with a practice score of 40.7%, which revealed good knowledge and attitude of the participants and poor practice. Education showed a significant association with knowledge and attitude, triglyceride level toward knowledge, LDL-C level toward practice, and HDL-C level toward knowledge and practice.

Conclusion:
A good knowledge and attitude score of the participants toward diabetes but a poor practice score was found. Individualized programs as well as group education programs still needed to be planned to enable better prevention and management techniques in diabetes. Behavioral therapy and counseling should be considered as a priority in subjects with low practice.
Effect of the Using of Racing Exhaust with variation Soundproofing Material Against Exhaust Emissions and Noise on 4 Stroke Motorcycle
Authors: Nasir M , Febriano Hannyka , Balisranislam Balisranislam 
Published: September 2021

This study discusses the effect of using a racing exhaust with asbestos and stainless steel-based filters. The purpose of this study is to find out how big the role of racing exhaust filters in reducing noise and exhaust emissions. This study uses an experimental method with the static comparison design. The object of this research is Honda Beat injection motorcycle 2017. The data from this study were taken from testing standard exhaust, stainless steel, and asbestos. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the use of stainless steel-based filters is effective in reducing HC emissions compared to standard exhausts and racing exhausts with asbestos filters, stainless steel filters are also effective in reducing noise by 4.4% compared to exhausts with asbestos filters.
Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh dari pemakaian knalpot racing dengan saringan berbahan dasar asbes dan stainless steel. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui seberapa besar peranan saringan knalpot racing dalam mereduksi kebisingan dan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain the static comparison design. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah sepeda motor Honda Beat injeksi tahun 2017. Data dari penelitian ini diambil dari pengujian knalpot standar, stainless steel, dan asbes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan saringan berbahan dasar stainless steel efektif mereduksi emisi HC dibanding knalpot standar dan knalpot racing dengan saringan asbes, saringan stainless steel juga efektif mereduksi kebisingan sebesar 4,4% dibandingkan kanlpot dengan saringan asbes.
Experiencias del liderazgo directivo en tiempos de covid-19
Authors: Nieto-Rivas Elier Abiud , Fermín Pérez Félix Armando , Arieta Miranda Yoly Marlene , Mondragón Silva Doris Gerardina , Atanacio Cuaresmayo Liliana , Meneses Jiménez José Ángel 
Published: September 2021

El liderazgo es un conjunto de tareas y actividades que realiza el líder de una organización con la finalidad de lograr metas establecidas, desarrollándose en diversos entornos como el social, laboral. En este sentido, el liderazgo de los directivos presenta gran interés en el actual contexto de trabajo remoto ocasionado por el Covid-19. En ese contexto, se plantea esta investigación que tiene como propósito aproximarse a las experiencias vividas por el personal directivo de las instituciones de educación de educación superior. El abordaje metodológico se enmarca dentro del enfoque cualitativo bajo un diseño de fenomenológico hermenéutico, en el que se usaron técnicas de observación participante y entrevistas a profundidad. Entre los principales resultados develados se encontró que el soporte emocional combinado con adecuados procesos de reflexión son elementos relevantes para influir positivamente en las instituciones educativas. Se llega a la conclusión que la dirección efectiva del liderazgo directivo depende en gran medida de la convergencia de las opiniones grupales y a delegación de funciones que conllevan a fortalecer el compromiso institucional.

Leadership is a set of tasks and activities carried out by the leader of an organization in order to achieve established goals, developing in various environments such as social, work. In this sense, the leadership of managers is very interested in the current context of remote work caused by Covid-19. In this context, this research is proposed with the purpose of approaching the experiences lived by the directives of higher education institutions. The methodological approach is framed within the qualitative approach under a hermeneutical phenomenological design, in which participant observation techniques and in-depth interviews were used. Among the main results revealed, it was found that emotional support combined with adequate reflection processes are relevant elements to positively influence educational institutions. It is concluded that the effective direction of directive leadership depends to a great extent on the convergence of group opinions and the delegation of functions that lead to strengthening institutional commitment.
KEUSAHAWANAN WARISAN: SATU PEMERHATIAN DI KEMBOJA
Authors: RAJA HALID RAJA ISKANDAR 
Published: September 2021

Selain daripada memberi gambaran tentang kehidupan lampau sesebuah tamadun, peninggalan warisan samada yang ketara atau tidak ketara kini mampu menjana pendapatan lumayan kepada sesebuah negara. Kemboja merupakan salah sebuah negara di Asia Tenggara yang kian pesat membangun hasil daripada industri pelancongan yang menampakkan daya keusahawanan warisan yang begitu dinamik. Perancangan, daya kreativiti dan pelaburan luar telah membantu Kemboja bangun dari kemelut peperangan yang mencengkam negara ini sejak beberapa dekad lalu. Tulisan ini adalah hasil pemerhatian awal tentang keusahawanan warisan di dua buah bandar di Kemboja, iaitu Siem Riep dan Phnom Penh yang telah merubah lanskap sosial dan ekonomi negara ini.

Apart from highlighting the past life of a civilization, both the tangible and intangible legacies are now able to generate good income to a country. Cambodia is one of the countries in Southeast Asia's that has been growing rapidly in terms of the tourism industry. This indicates a dynamic development of the entrepreneurial heritage. Planning, creativity and foreign investment have helped Cambodia raised from the crisis that has been gripping the country over the decades. This writing is the result of preliminary observations about the entrepreneurial heritage of two towns in Cambodia, Siem Riep and Phnom Penh that has changed the social and economic landscapes of the country.
DESIGN AND HERITAGE IN BUSINESS WORLD
Authors: SHUAIB AB. AZIZ , ENOCH OLALERE FOLASAYA 
Published: September 2021

Industri Kreatif melibatkan penerokaan terhadap harta intelek seperti pengetahuan dan produk ketara yang mempunyai potensi dalam penjanaan ekonomi dan peluang pekerjaan. Justeru itu bidang warisan dan rekabentuk yang membentuk Industri Kreatif mempunyai pengaruh yang besar dalam kemajuan ekonomi sesebuah perniagaan. Kajian ini tertumpu kepada pengetahuan tentang bidang warisan dan rekabentuk di mana penggunaannya adalah luas serta kepada penjenisan minda yang diperlukan untuk menjadi manusia kreatif. Industri hospitaliti dan pelancongan dijadikan kajian kes, untuk menggambarkan penglibatan Industri Kreatif dalam dunia perniagaan.

Creative industry involves the exploration of intellectual properties such as knowledge and tangible products which have potential of creating wealth and job. Therefore, design and heritage that makes-up the creative industry is believed to have great influence on the economy wellbeing of businesses. In the light of this, this paper seeks the knowledge regarding design and heritage areas where they have been widely used, and also the kind of brain needed to be good creative people. Finally, the paper illustrates the involvement of creative industry in business world, using the tourism and hospitality business as the case study.
ACCIDENTS IN MINING AND QUARRY SITES: RATE OF OCCURRENCES AND CAUSES
Authors: ISMAIL AHMAD RASDAN ISMAIL 
Published: September 2021

This study examines the rate of occurrence of accidents and their causes in mining and quarry sites in East Coast Malaysia. There are two methods that were used in this study. The secondary data technique was used by gathering all accident reports from Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) inEast Coast Malaysia, and Social Security Organization (SOCSO), Malaysia. The data was used to identify the causes, while the method to identify the rate of accident occurrences is questionnaires. Descriptive tools of statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean were used for the analysis. The study reveals that accidents occur at a low rate at the mining and quarry sites in Malaysia. Different causes of accident were identified such as flying objects or debris, untidy sites, failure of vehicles, pinched while performing work, slip and trip at work areas, faulty equipment and machinery, negligence of workers or operator’s errors, work at sharp edges, and fall from height. This study therefore recommends that relevant control measures should be devised in order to reduce the rate of accident.
Kajian ini mengkaji kadar berlakunya kemalangan dan sebab-sebab berlakunya kemalangan di tapak perlombongan dan kuari di Pantai Timur Malaysia. Terdapat dua kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini. Teknik data sekunder telah digunakan dengan mengumpulkan semua laporan kemalangan dari Jabatan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan (JKKP) di Pantai Timur Malaysia, dan Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial (PERKESO), Malaysia. Data digunakan untuk mengenal pasti punca kemalangan, manakala kaedah untuk mengenal pasti kadar kejadian kemalangan adalah melalui soal selidik. Kaedah deskriptif statistik seperti kekerapan, peratusan dan min digunakan dalam analisis. Kajian ini mendedahkan bahawa kemalangan berlaku pada kadar yang lebih rendah di tapak perlombongan dan kuari di Malaysia. Sebabsebab yang berbeza berpuncanya kemalangan telah dikenal pasti seperti objek terbang atau serpihan,laman berantakan, kegagalan kenderaan, mencubit semasa melakukan kerja, tergelincir dan perjalanan pada kawasan kerja, peralatan yang rosak dan jentera, kecuaian pekerja atau kesilapan pengendali, bekerja di tepi tajam, dan jatuh dari ketinggian. Objektif utama kajian ini mencadangkan bahawa langkahlangkah kawalan yang berkenaan perlu dibuat untuk mengurangkan kadar kemalangan.
ISLAMIC PERPECTIVE EXPLORATORY REVIEW: CREATIVE MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY AS AN INNOVATIVE TOOL FOR DA’WAH DISSEMINATION
Authors: NOORDIN MOHAMAD FAUZAN , RAHIM NUR NAZIHAH 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMultimedia is defined as the combination of several communications media such as audio, video, text, etc to produce the creative content artificial artifact. Nowadays, people live in the super corridor highway information communication technology era where they cannot imagine themselves without this technology advancement. It can be a benefit or a disaster depending on people who decide on the direction of their use. It depends on how we look into multiple perpectives of the technology. The computer technology and ICTare not just enable to enhance the dissemination of knowledge but they also provide the platforms to develop better knowledge of society around the world effectively. Thus, this research paper is meant to conduct a critical review on Creative Multimedia from Islamic perspective and the elements in Multimedia such as virtual reality, database and privacy issues. Several evidences form the Holy Book (The Quran) which is also used as reference in this exploratory review. This research paper uses to support arguments presented Holy Book (The Quran) and the practices of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon Him).

AbstrakMultimedia ditakrifkan sebagai gabungan beberapa media komunikasi seperti audio, video, teks, dan lainlain untuk menghasilkan kandungan artifak buatan kreatif. Pada masa kini, orang yang hidup di lebuh raya maklumat era teknologi komunikasi super koridor di mana mereka tidak dapat membayangkan diri mereka tanpa kemajuan teknologi ini. Ia boleh menjadi satu manfaat atau bencana bergantung kepada orangorang yang membuat keputusan atas arahan penggunaannya. Ia bergantung kepada bagaimana kita melihat ke dalam perspektif pelbagai teknologi. Teknologi komputer dan ICT bukan hanya pemboleh untuk meningkatkan desiminating pengetahuan tetapi ia juga menyediakan platform untuk membangunkan masyarakat berpengetahuan yang lebih baik di seluruh dunia dengan berkesan. Oleh itu, kertas kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjalankan kajian kritikal Multimedia Kreatif dari perspektif Islam dan elemen-elemen Multimedia seperti realiti maya, pangkalan data dan privasi isu. Beberapa evicences membentuk Kitab Suci (Al-Quran) juga digunakan sebagai rujukan untuk kajian ini kritikal. Kertas penyelidikan menyimpulkan sokongan terutamanya daripada Kitab Suci (Al-Quran) dan amalan Nabi Muhammad (saw). Di harap para penyelidik lain akan mendapat manfaat hasil daripada kajian sorotan ini.
KE ARAH PENINGKATAN PRESTASI SEKTOR PERKHIDMATAN PERUSAHAAN KECIL DAN SEDERHANA MELALUI AMALAN PERKHIDMATAN LEAN: KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL
Authors: RAMLEE SHAH ISKANDAR FAHMIE , BAKRI NORHANI , NIK MAHMOOD NIK HASNAA 
Published: September 2021

AbstrakSistem penyampaian perkhidmatan yang cekap adalah menjadi keutamaan dalam persekitaran ekonomiyang sentiasa berubah. Berdasarkan kepada sorotan literatur, amalan perkhidmatan lean boleh diukurmelalui sepuluh elemen – pelan pengenalpastian pembaziran, orientasi tarik, pembangunan dan rekabentuk perkhidmatan baru, kepelbagaian fungsi sumber manusia, penggunaan teknologi maklumat,keseragaman tugas, penglibatan pelanggan, hubungan aktiviti hadapan dan belakang syarikat,kepelbagaian perkhidmatan yang ditawarkan dan susun atur perkhidmatan lean. Namun begitu, dalamsektor perkhidmatan PKS kajian masih kurang dijalankan walaupun pelaksanaannya didapati mampumeningkatkan prestasi. Oleh itu, kertas kerangka konseptual ini memberikan tumpuan kepada amalanperkhidmatan lean yang dilaksanakan oleh syarikat PKS dan hubungannya dengan prestasi.

AbstractAn efficient service delivery system is a priority in the rapidly changing economics environment. Based onliterature review, ten elements have been identified as a driver to the success of lean services implementation– value stream mapping, pull oriented, design and development of new services, multifunctional of humanresource, utilisation of information technology, standardization of work, customer involvement, relationbetween front and back of organization activities, provide a wide range of services and lean servicesflow. However, studies in this field are still lacking, particularly in the SME’s service sector. Therefore,this conceptual framework focuses on lean service practices adopted by SME’s and its relationship withperformance.