bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐Responsive Biodegradable Cationic Nanogels for Highly Efficient Treatment of Tumors
Authors: Li Xin , Sun Haitao , Li Helin , Hu Chaolei , Luo Yu , Shi Xiangyang , Pich Andrij 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe facile preparation, modular design, and multi‐responsiveness are extremely critical for developing pervasive nanoplatforms to meet heterogeneous applications. Here, cationic nanogels (NGs) are modularly engineered with tunable responsiveness, versatility, and biodegradation. Cationic PVCL‐based NGs with core/shell structure are fabricated by facile one‐step synthesis. The formed PVCL‐NH2 NGs exhibit uniform size, thermal/pH dual‐responsive behaviors, and redox‐triggered degradation. Moreover, the NGs can be employed to modify or/and load with various functional agents to construct multipurpose nanoplatforms in a modular manner. Notably, the novel hybrid structure with copper sulfide (CuS) NPs loaded in the NGs shell is prepared, which leads to higher photothermal conversion efficiency (31.1%) than other CuS randomly loaded NGs reported. By personalized tailoring, these functionalized NGs display fluorescent property, r1 relaxivity, strong near‐infrared (NIR) absorption, good biocompatibility, and targeting specificity. The superior photothermal effect of hybrid NGs (CuS@NGs‐LA) is presented under NIR II over NIR I. Importantly, hybrid NGs encapsulated doxorubicin (CuS@NGs‐LA/DOX) show endogenous pH/redox and exogenous NIR multi‐triggered drug release for efficient photothermal‐chemotherapy, which can completely eliminate advanced tumors and effectively inhibit recurrence. Overall, the pervasive nanoplatforms based on intelligent cationic NGs with tunable responsiveness, versatility, and biodegradation are developed by engineered modular strategy for precision medicine applications.
3D‐Printing to Mitigate COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Kumar Kandambath Padinjareveetil Akshay , Pumera Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract3D‐printing technology provided numerous contributions to the health sector during the recent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Several of the 3D‐printed medical devices like personal protection equipment (PPE), ventilators, specimen collectors, safety accessories, and isolation wards/ chambers were printed in a short time as demands for these were rising significantly. The review discusses some of these contributions of 3D‐printing that helped to protect several lives during this health emergency. By enlisting some of the significant benefits of using the 3D‐printing technique during an emergency over other conventional methods, this review claims that the former opens enormous possibilities in times of serious shortage of supply and exceeding demands. This review acknowledges the collaborative approaches adopted by individuals, entrepreneurs, academicians, and companies that helped in forming a global network for delivering 3D‐printed medical/non‐medical components, when other supply chains were disrupted. The collaboration of the 3D‐printing technology with the global health community unfolds new and significant opportunities in the future.
Intrinsically Polar Piezoelectric Self‐Assembled Oligopeptide Monolayers
Authors: Petroff Christopher A. , Cassone Giuseppe , Šponer Jiří , Hutchison Geoffrey R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFlexible, biocompatible piezoelectric materials are of considerable research interest for a variety of applications, but many suffer from low response or high cost to manufacture. Herein, novel piezoelectric force and touch sensors based on self‐assembled monolayers of oligopeptides are presented, which produce large piezoelectric voltage response and are easily manufactured without the need for electrical poling. While the devices generate modest piezoelectric charge constants (d33) of up to 9.8 pC N−1, they exhibit immense piezoelectric voltage constants (g33) up to 2 V m N−1. Furthermore, a flexible device prototype is demonstrated that produces open‐circuit voltages of nearly 6 V under gentle bending motion. Improvements in peptide selection and device construction promise to further improve the already outstanding voltage response and open the door to numerous practical applications.
Visible Light Enabled Formal Cross Silyl Benzoin Reaction as an Access to α‐Hydroxyketones
Authors: Ma Liyao , Yu Yinghua , Xin Luoting , Zhu Lei , Xia Jiajin , Ou Pengcheng , Huang Xueliang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, a visible‐light enabled coupling of acylsilanes with aldehydes to give a range of cross‐benzoin type products α‐hydroxyketones is described. The reaction could proceed at ambient temperature, with the irradiation of low energy visible light, and without addition of photosensitizer or any other additives.magnified image
Thermal imaging to evaluate wheat genotypes under dryland conditions
Authors: Bhandari Mahendra , Xue Qingwu , Liu Shuyu , Stewart B. A. , Rudd Jackie C. , Pokhrel Pramod , Blaser Brock , Jessup Kirk , Baker Jason 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThermal imaging has been used to determine canopy temperature and study plant water relationships. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential use of infrared thermal imaging to determine crop canopy temperature (Tc) and evaluate wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under drought conditions. Thermal images were acquired at anthesis and grain‐filling stages from 17 genotypes grown under dryland conditions in 2015 and 2016 winter wheat growing season at Bushland, TX. A handheld thermal camera was used to acquire thermal images and the images were processed using customized image processing software. The customized software filters out the background soil from the thermal images and calculates the mean Tc. A significant difference (p < .05) in Tc among genotypes was found during grain filling in 2015 and at anthesis in 2016. Genotypes TAM 111, TAM 114, PlainsGold Byrd, and Jagalene had cooler canopies, and Billings, TAM 304, and TAM 105 had warmer canopies in both years. There was a significant negative correlation between grain yield and Tc measured at anthesis (r =–.48, p < .05) and grain‐filling (r = –.33, p < .05). Infrared thermal imaging showed a promising method to obtain Tc, which can be used to evaluate genotypes for drought tolerance.
Extractive distillation of benzene, toluene, and xylenes from pyrolysis gasoline using methylsulfonylethane as a cosolvent
Authors: Gao Siliang , Tang Wencheng , Zhao Ming , Qie Siyuan , Pang Weiwei , Tian Longsheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHighly efficient separation of benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTXs) from pyrolysis gasoline is very important in petrochemical industries. Though the extractive distillation (ED) process is simpler and consumes less energy compared with liquid–liquid extraction process, it is difficult for a single solvent, for example, sulfolane, to achieve both high purity and high yield of BTXs. In this work, methylsulfonylethane (MSE) was chosen as a cosolvent to improve the selectivity of sulfolane after solvent screening, and factors that may affect the selectivity of the composite solvent were fully investigated, such as the content of cosolvent, solvent to feed ratio, the composition of the feed, and temperature. Furthermore, 240 h of continuous extractive distillation and solvent recovery experiment was carried out using sulfolane (85 wt%)–MES (15 wt%) mixture as solvent. The purity of mixed aromatics obtained was 99.83%, and the yield was as high as 99.7%.
Measure of polymer performance based on correlated physical parameters
Authors: Gowtham Guttikatte Kariappa , Somashekarappa Hanumanthappa , Bharath Karthik , Somashekar Rudrappa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe introduce a novel measure of performance of polymer composites based on physical parameters whose behavior depends on levels of dopant concentration used during their preparation. The performance measure is based on a joint analysis of measurements of the physical parameters exhibiting non‐trivial correlations that vary across different levels of dopant concentrations. In contrast to traditional multivariate analysis, we treat data from parameter measurements as being obtained from functional parameters, and develop the performance measure based on the joint average function of parameters that encodes the correlation structure. An optimal level of dopant concentration is then ascertained with respect to the performance measure. While the proposed measure is general enough to be applicable to any chosen physical parameters, we demonstrate its utility in the context of assessing performance using microstructural and nonlinear optical parameters. Computing of the measure and optimal dopant concentration are carried out using Monte Carlo sampling, which further facilitates uncertainty quantification.
Mycophenolate Mofetil Versus Cyclophosphamide for Remission Induction in Childhood Polyarteritis Nodosa: An Open‐Label, Randomized, Bayesian Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Brogan Paul A. , Arch Barbara , Hickey Helen , Anton Jordi , Iglesias Este , Baildam Eileen , Mahmood Kamran , Cleary Gavin , Moraitis Elena , Papadopoulou Charalampia , Beresford Michael W. , Riley Phil , Demir Selcan , Ozen Seza , Culeddu Giovanna , Hughes Dyfrig A. , Dolezalova Pavla , Hampson Lisa V. , Whitehead John , Jayne David , Ruperto Nicola , Tudur‐Smith Catrin , Eleftheriou Despina 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveCyclophosphamide (CYC) is used in clinical practice off‐label for the induction of remission in childhood polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) might offer a less toxic alternative. This study was undertaken to explore the relative effectiveness of CYC and MMF treatment in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).MethodsThis was an international, open‐label, Bayesian RCT to investigate the relative effectiveness of CYC and MMF for remission induction in childhood PAN. Eleven patients with newly diagnosed childhood PAN were randomized (1:1) to receive MMF or intravenous CYC; all patients received the same glucocorticoid regimen. The primary end point was remission within 6 months while compliant with glucocorticoid taper. Bayesian distributions for remission rates were established a priori for MMF and CYC by experienced clinicians and updated to posterior distributions on trial completion.ResultsBaseline disease activity and features were similar between the 2 treatment groups. The primary end point was met in 4 of 6 patients (67%) in the MMF group and 4 of 5 patients (80%) in the CYC group. Time to remission was shorter in the MMF group compared to the CYC group (median 7.1 weeks versus 17.6 weeks). No relapses occurred in either group within 18 months. Two serious infections were found to be likely linked to MMF treatment. Physical and psychosocial quality‐of‐life scores were superior in the MMF group compared to the CYC group at 6 months and 18 months. Combining the prior expert opinion with results from the present study provided posterior estimates of remission of 71% for MMF (90% credibility interval [90% CrI] 51, 83) and 75% for CYC (90% CrI 57, 86).ConclusionThe present results, taken together with prior opinion, indicate that rates of remission induction in childhood PAN are similar with MMF treatment and CYC treatment, and MMF treatment might be associated with better health‐related quality of life than CYC treatment.
Performance of the DETECT Algorithm for Pulmonary Hypertension Screening in a Systemic Sclerosis Cohort
Authors: Young Amber , Moles Victor M. , Jaafar Sara , Visovatti Scott , Huang Suiyuan , Vummidi Dharshan , Nagaraja Vivek , McLaughlin Vallerie , Khanna Dinesh 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivePulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the leading causes of mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This study was undertaken to assess predictive accuracies of the DETECT algorithm and the 2015 European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS) guidelines in SSc patients who underwent right‐sided heart catheterization (RHC) for pulmonary hypertension (PH) evaluation.MethodsPatients with SSc who had diagnostic RHC, had no PH or had PAH, and had available data on variables to allow application of the DETECT and 2015 ESC/ERS guidelines were included for analysis. PH classification was based on hemodynamics using the 2018 revised criteria and extent of lung fibrosis shown on high‐resolution computed tomography. Sensitivity and predictive accuracies of the DETECT algorithm and 2015 ESC/ERS guidelines were calculated, including analysis of subjects with a diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) of ≥60% predicted.ResultsSixty‐eight patients with SSc had RHC, of whom 58 had no PH and 10 had PAH. The mean age was 60.0 years, and 58.8% had limited cutaneous SSc. The DETECT algorithm had a sensitivity of 1.00 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.69–1.00) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 1.00 (95% CI 0.80–1.00), whereas the 2015 ESC/ERS guidelines had a sensitivity of 0.80 (95% CI 0.44–0.97) and an NPV of 0.94 (95% CI 0.81–0.99). In patients with a DLco of ≥60% (n = 27), the DETECT algorithm had a sensitivity of 1.00 (95% CI 0.29–1.00) and an NPV of 1.00 (95% CI 0.59–1.00), whereas the 2015 ESC/ERS guidelines had a sensitivity of 0.67 (95% CI 0.09–0.99) and an NPV of 0.94 (95% CI 0.71–1.00).ConclusionThe DETECT algorithm has high sensitivity and NPV for diagnosis of PAH, including among individuals with a DLco of ≥60%.
Regulation of Monocyte Adhesion and Type I Interferon Signaling by CD52 in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Rudnik Michał , Rolski Filip , Jordan Suzana , Mertelj Tonja , Stellato Mara , Distler Oliver , Blyszczuk Przemysław , Kania Gabriela 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by dysregulation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling. CD52 is known for its immunosuppressive functions in T cells. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of CD52 in monocyte adhesion and type I IFN signaling in patients with SSc.MethodsTranscriptome profiles of circulating CD14+ monocytes from patients with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSs), and healthy controls were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Levels of CD52, CD11b/integrin αΜ, and CD18/integrin β2 in whole blood were assessed by flow cytometry. CD52 expression was analyzed in relation to disease phenotype (early, lcSSc, dcSSc) and autoantibody profiles. The impact of overexpression, knockdown, and antibody blocking of CD52 was analyzed by gene and protein expression assays and functional assays.ResultsPathway enrichment analysis indicated an increase in adhesion‐ and type I IFN–related genes in monocytes from SSc patients. These cells displayed up‐regulated expression of CD11b/CD18, reduced expression of CD52, and enhanced adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and endothelial cells. Changes in CD52 expression were consistent with the SSc subtypes, as well as with immunosuppressive treatments, autoantibody profiles, and monocyte adhesion properties in patients with SSc. Overexpression of CD52 led to decreased levels of CD18 and monocyte adhesion, while knockdown of CD52 increased monocyte adhesion. Experiments with the humanized anti‐CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab in blood samples from healthy controls increased monocyte adhesion and CD11b/CD18 expression, and enhanced type I IFN responses. Monocytic CD52 expression was up‐regulated by interleukin‐4 (IL‐4)/IL‐13 via the STAT6 pathway, and was down‐regulated by lipopolysaccharide and IFNs α, β, and γ in a JAK1 and histone deacetylase IIa (HDAC IIa)–dependent manner.ConclusionDown‐regulation of the antiadhesion CD52 antigen in CD14+ monocytes represents a novel mechanism in the pathogenesis of SSc. Targeting of the IFN–HDAC–CD52 axis in monocytes might represent a new therapeutic option for patients with early SSc.
Insights Into Thermal Runaway of Li–Ion Cells by Accelerating Rate Calorimetry Coupled with External Sensors and Online Gas Analysis
Authors: Abd‐El‐Latif Abdelaziz A. , Sichler Peter , Kasper Michael , Waldmann Thomas , Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens Margret 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBesides high energy density, fast‐charging capability, and costs, safety of Li‐ion batteries is fundamentally important – even after long‐term usage or abusive conditions. In this paper, a new combination of accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) coupled with a mass spectrometer (MS), as well as cell resistance and audio recording was applied to study commercial 18650‐type Li‐ion cells. This novel ARC‐MS setup allows following the electrochemical and thermal behavior simultaneously to the evolved gases during cell venting and thermal runaway. The tested cells were (i) unaged, (ii) aged by low temperature cycling (main mechanism: Li deposition), as well as (iii) overcharged. The aged and the overcharged cells show an early onset‐of‐self‐heating at 36 °C whereas the self‐heating started at 96 °C for the unaged cells. The rank of the time until explosion of the cells is in the order of overcharged cell<aged cell with Li deposition<unaged cell. The simultaneous recording of 13 individual values allows drawing conclusions on processes like separator pore closure, cell venting, explosion, and gas formation. Due to electrolyte decomposition by anodic and cathodic exothermic reactions, the amount of formed gases such as CO2, ethylene, and POF3 are depending on the history of the cell, i. e., aging mechanism or overcharging. Additional gas sensors in the battery pack for improved battery safety are indicating venting of the cells and therefore might be a low cost solution.
Blood retinal barrier and ocular pharmacokinetics: Considerations for the development of oncology drugs
Authors: Williamson Beth , Pilla Reddy Venkatesh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are an example of targeted drug therapy to treat cancer while minimizing damage to healthy tissue. In contrast to traditional oncology drugs, the toxicity profile of targeted therapies is less well understood and can include severe ocular adverse events, which are among the most common toxicity reported by these therapeutics. Inhibition of Mer receptor tyrosine kinase (MERTK) promotes innate tumor immunity by decreasing M2‐macrophage polarization and efferocytosis. This mechanism offers the opportunity for targeted immunotherapy to treat cancer; however, the ocular expression of MERTK increases the difficulty for developing a targeted drug due to toxicity concerns. In this article we review the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) assays available to evaluate ocular disposition and assess the relationship between clinical PK and reported ocular events for TKIs to allow backtranslation to preclinical models. Understanding the ocular disposition in the context of PK and safety remains an evolving area and is likely to be a key aspect of developing safe and efficacious oncology drugs, devoid of ocular toxicity.
The role of transcription factor Ap1 in the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway through TET1 in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Tan Yongshun , Cao Huaimin , Li Qingfei , Sun Jianjun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTET1 mediates demethylation in tumors, but its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN), a prevalent diabetic complication, is unclear. We attempted to probe the possible mechanism of TET1 in DN. A DN rat model was established and verified by marker detection and histopathological observation. The in vitro model was established on human mesangial cells (HMCs) induced by high glucose (HG), and verified by evaluation of fibrosis and inflammation. The differentially expressed mRNA was screened out by microarray analysis. The most differentially expressed mRNA (TET1) was reduced in DN rats and HG‐HMCs. The upstream and downstream factors of TET1 were verified, and their roles in DN were analyzed by gain‐ and loss‐function assays. TET1 was decreased in DN rats and HG‐HMCs. High expression of TET1 decreased biochemical indexes and renal injury of DN rats and hampered the activity, fibrosis, and inflammation of HG‐HMCs. Ap1 lowered TET1 expression, and enhanced inflammation in HG‐HMCs, and accentuated renal injury in DN rats. TET1 overexpression inhibited the effect of Ap1 on DN. TET1 promoted the transcription of Nrf2. The Ap1/TET1 axis mediated the Nrf2/ARE pathway activity. Overall, TET1 overexpression weakened the inhibitory effect of Ap1 on the Nrf2/ARE pathway, thus alleviating inflammation and renal injury in DN.
P53 long noncoding RNA regulatory network in cancer development
Authors: Aravindhan Surendar , Younus Laith A. , Hadi lafta Methaq , Markov Alexander , Ivanovna Enina Yulianna , Yushchenkо Natalya A. , Thangavelu Lakshmi , Mostafavi Seyed Mojtaba , Pokrovskii Michail V. , Ahmadi Majid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe protein p53 as a transcription factor with strong tumor‐suppressive activities is known to trigger apoptosis via multiple pathways and is directly involved in the recognition of DNA damage and DNA repair processes. P53 alteration is now recognized as a common event in the pathogenesis of many types of human malignancies. Deregulation of tumor suppressor p53 pathways plays an important role in the activation of cell proliferation or inactivation of apoptotic cell death during carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Mounting evidence indicates that the p53 status of tumors and also the regulatory functions of p53 may be relevant to the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA)‐dependent gene regulation programs. Besides coding genes, lncRNAs that do not encode for proteins are induced or suppressed by p53 transcriptional response and thus control cancer progression. LncRNAs also have emerged as key regulators that impinge on the p53 signaling network orchestrating global gene‐expression profile. Studies have suggested that aberrant expression of lncRNAs as a molecular‐genomic signature may play important roles in cancer biology. Accordingly, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms by which the crosstalk between lncRNAs and p53 occurs in the development of numerous cancers. Here, we review how several classes of lncRNAs and p53 pathways are linked together in controlling the cell cycle and apoptosis in various cancer cells in both human and mouse model systems.
Fulminant hepatorenal syndrome due to Acetaminophen toxicity: A case report
Authors: Nekoukar Zahra , Moghimi Minoo , Zakariaei Zakaria , Fakhar Mahdi , Tabaripour Rabeeh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHRS is a rare and poor prognosis complication of chronic acetaminophen toxicity, which presents by progressive decline in renal function secondary to liver failure.
Development of Thermoelectric Power Generation from Waste Heat of Buildings and Domestic Appliances
Authors: Omkar Billa Lalitha Ramesh , Tula Abhinav , Gadi Srikanth , Thangavel Venugopal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGreen energy from waste heat is one of the major areas of research in current focus for power generation. This project aims at reusing the heat energy produced from chimneys and solar panels to generate electricity for domestic applications through thermoelectric generators (TEGs). TEGs are cost‐efficient, durable, and low‐maintenance due to no moving parts. Mountings of TEGs on a chimney and a solar panel were designed and fabricated along with TEGs. The experimental results show that a typical house can generate electricity corresponding to about 20–30 % of its total power consumption. The new design is more effective and durable for environment sustainability and will lead to an alternative source to generate electricity.