bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field of daydreams? Integrating mind wandering in the study of sluggish cognitive tempo and ADHD
Authors: Becker Stephen P. , Barkley Russell A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this editorial perspective, we consider the potential conceptual and empirical overlap between the research on mind wandering, particularly in its pathological extreme, and that on sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) as it has diverged from research on attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The more advanced state of research findings on the nature and correlates of mind wandering relative to that of SCT is used to suggest a variety of avenues of investigation into SCT, such as its phenomenology, positive and negative correlates, research methods, theory building, and potential to inform interventions. These and other avenues drawn from the field of mind wandering are likely to prove fruitful in further revealing the nature of SCT and its relationship to mind wandering.
Plant‐mediated effects on life history traits of entomovirus infected caterpillars ofSpodoptera exigua
Authors: Wang Jin‐Yan , Fan Neng‐Neng , Siemann Evan , Jiang Jie‐Xian , Wan Nian‐Feng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIt has been reported that host plants are able to mediate the interactions between insect herbivores and entomoviruses, but how plants affect growth, development, detoxifying enzymes and metabolic enzymes of herbivores infected by entomoviruses has only rarely been studied so far. We compared growth, development duration, activity of a detoxifying enzyme (carboxylesterase) and a metabolic enzyme (acetylcholinesterase) of a caterpillar (Spodoptera exigua) infected with an entomovirus (SeMNPV) or left non‐infected that were fed one of four plants (Ipomoea aquatica,Brassica oleracea,Glycine maxorZea mays). Developmental duration was shorter but growth (length, mass) and enzyme activities were higher in NPV‐infected caterpillars fedI. aquaticaorB. oleraceathan those fedG. maxorZ. mays. This study suggests that host plants influence the growth impacts of entomoviruses on herbivores by affecting the enzymes of herbivores.
The Poor and the Rich: Preferences over Inflation and Unemployment
Authors: HOFSTETTER MARC , ROSAS JOSÉ NICOLÁS 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhat are the tradeoffs that the public is willing to accept between inflation and unemployment? We find that people dislike extra points of unemployment more than extra points of inflation. This is true for both Europe and Latin America. For the latter, the aversion to unemployment relative to inflation is much greater. Moreover, in both regions, the poor's distaste for extra points of unemployment relative to inflation is significantly greater than that of the rich. This result contributes to the literature on the costs of inflation and questions the commonly held view that prescribes strong anti‐inflationary postures as a way to implement policies consistent with the preferences of the poor.
The transition to teletherapy in marriage and family therapy training settings during COVID‐19: What do the data tell us?
Authors: Morgan Amy A. , Landers Ashley L. , Simpson Jessica E. , Russon Jody M. , Case Pease Jenene , Dolbin‐MacNab Megan L. , Bland Krista N. , Jackson Jeffrey B. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic, little is known about how university training programs transitioned to teletherapy. This study describes the transition of two university marriage and family therapy (i.e., master's and doctoral) training clinics to teletherapy and presents preliminary analyses of the types of clients and cases that converted to teletherapy. A series of chi‐square analyses, a t‐test, a logistic regression model, and a multiple linear regression model were employed. Four key findings emerged: (1) most cases converted to teletherapy; (2) Hispanic ethnicity was the only demographic characteristic to significantly predict conversion to teletherapy; (3) individual cases were significantly more likely to convert to teletherapy than relational cases; and (4) the number of prior in‐person sessions attended significantly predicted conversion to teletherapy. Teletherapy conversion implications are discussed across four systemic levels: client, student trainee, supervision, and larger systems.
Addiction‐related neuroadaptations following chronic nicotine exposure
Authors: Wills Lauren , Kenny Paul J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe addiction‐relevant molecular, cellular, and behavioral actions of nicotine are derived from its stimulatory effects on neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the central nervous system. nAChRs expressed by dopamine‐containing neurons in the ventral midbrain, most notably in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), contribute to the reward‐enhancing properties of nicotine that motivate the use of tobacco products. nAChRs are also expressed by neurons in brain circuits that regulate aversion. In particular, nAChRs expressed by neurons in the medial habenula (mHb) and the interpeduncular nucleus (IPn) to which the mHb almost exclusively projects regulate the “set‐point” for nicotine aversion and control nicotine intake. Different nAChR subtypes are expressed in brain reward and aversion circuits and nicotine intake is titrated to maximally engage reward‐enhancing nAChRs while minimizing the recruitment of aversion‐promoting nAChRs. With repeated exposure to nicotine, reward‐ and aversion‐related nAChRs and the brain circuits in which they are expressed undergo adaptations that influence whether tobacco use will transition from occasional to habitual. Genetic variation that influences the sensitivity of addiction‐relevant brain circuits to the actions of nicotine also influence the propensity to develop habitual tobacco use. Here, we review some of the key advances in our understanding of the mechanisms by which nicotine acts on brain reward and aversion circuits and the adaptations that occur in these circuits that may drive addiction to nicotine‐containing tobacco products.image
Combining cosmetic injectables with low‐energy, low‐density 1927 nm fractional thulium fiber laser: A 2.5‐year examination on the safety of same‐day treatments
Authors: Wang Jordan V. , Akintilo Lisa , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCombining laser treatments with cosmetic injectables can offer synergistic benefit, increased convenience for both patients and physicians, and lessened overall patient downtime. Although paired treatments can be effective, there remain theoretical concerns that this may add new risks. Theoretical risks of combining laser treatment with neurotoxin injections include unintentional spread of the neurotoxin, which may result in eyelid ptosis and muscle weakness. Potential risks with soft‐tissue fillers include unexpected loss of filler volume, necrosis, burn, and product migration. This retrospective chart review of single‐session, same‐day facial treatments using a low‐energy, low‐density 1927 nm fractional thulium fiber laser and cosmetic injectables found no adverse events related to this combination approach. This is important safety information that can offer reassurance to physicians using this clinical approach.
Perioral volumization using a temperature controlled fractionated radiofrequency device
Authors: Boisen Julie , Alkul Suzanne , Malone Cedar H. , Munavalli Gilly 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsCosmetic rejuvenation of the perioral area can be challenging due to a mix of skin laxity and volumetric loss. Current techniques including fillers, neurotoxins, and non‐ablative and ablative resurfacing have several drawbacks and can create a stiff, box‐shaped, unnatural appearance. Aside from filler, these techniques do not address deeper volume deficiency. Temperature controlled fractionated radiofrequency (FRF) provides consistent formation of new collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. This has been reported to provide long‐lasting results for the treatment of skin laxity and volume loss of the face and neck with a single treatment, but it has not been previously reported for perioral rejuvenation.Patients/MethodsWe present a series of seven patients who were treated with perioral FRF, and we assessed their results objectively using a published, validated scale for lower face laxity.ResultsAll of the patients in this case series showed improvement on the Facial Laxity Rating (FLR) scale after FRF treatment.ConclusionsThis case series represents the first reported use of temperature controlled FRF for perioral rejuvenation. FRF is a promising option for low‐risk, natural perioral rejuvenation with long‐lasting results and few risks.
Elongase of very long chain fatty acids 6 (ELOVL6) promotes lipid synthesis in buffalo mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Fan Xinyang , Zhu Wei , Qiu Lihua , Zhang Guangle , Zhang Yongyun , Miao Yongwang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent studies have shown elongase of very‐long‐chain fatty acids 6 (ELOVL6) is a vital protein for endogenous synthesis of saturated and monounsaturated long‐chain fatty acids in some mammals. Nevertheless, its role in lipid synthesis in buffalo mammary gland is still unclear. In this work, the full‐length coding sequence (CDS) of ELOVL6 was cloned and identified from buffalo mammary gland. As a result, the CDS of this gene is 795 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 264 amino acid residues. The buffalo ELOVL6 contains an ELO domain which belongs to the ELO superfamily. Among the 10 tissues of buffalo in peak lactation detected by RT‐qPCR, the expression level of ELOVL6 was the highest in the brain, followed by the spleen, and then decreased in the mammary gland, muscle, kidney, heart, liver, rumen, intestine and lung. However, only the expression in the brain and spleen was statistically different from that in other tissues (p < 0.05). Compared with that of the dry‐off period, the mRNA abundance of ELOVL6 in the mammary gland was significantly increased in peak lactation. The experiments based on lentivirus transfection in buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs) displayed that the overexpression of ELOVL6 markedly promoted the expression of INSIG1, INSIG2, SREBP, PPARG, FASN, GPAM, DGAT2 and APGAT6 genes, and the knockdown of ELOVL6 significantly decreased the mRNA abundance of INSIG2, SREBP, FASN, SCD, GPAM, APGAT6 and TIP47 genes. In addition, the increase or decrease of ELOVL6 expression level also caused the corresponding change of total triglyceride content in the BuMECs. The results here suggest that the ELOVL6 can catalyse the synthesis of long‐chain fatty acids in the BuMECs, and it can indirectly affect the expression of genes related to milk fat synthesis through its catalytic products to promote the lipid biosynthesis of BuMECs.
Prospective model for predicting renal recovery in cardiac surgery patients with acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy
Authors: Hu Penghua , Song Li , Liang Huaban , Chen Yuanhan , Wu Yanhua , Zhang Li , Li Zhilian , Fu Lei , Tao Yiming , Liu Shuangxin , Ye Zhiming , Fu Xia , Liang Xinling 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo develop a model for predicting renal recovery in cardiac surgery patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT).MethodsData from a prospective randomized controlled trial, conducted in a tertiary hospital to compare the survival effect of two dosages of hemofiltration for continuous RRT in cardiac surgery patients between 20 March 2012 and 9 August 2015, were used to develop the model. The outcome was renal recovery defined as alive and dialysis‐free 90 days after RRT initiation. Multivariate logistic regression with a stepwise backward selection of variables based on Akaike Information Criterion was applied to develop the model, which was internally validated using bootstrapping. Model discrimination, calibration and clinical value were assessed using the concordance index (C‐Index), calibration plots and decision curve analysis, respectively.ResultsTotally, 211 patients with AKI requiring RRT (66.8% male) with median age of 57 years were included. The incidence of renal recovery was 33.2% (n = 70). The model included six variables: body mass index stratification, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, sepsis, mean arterial pressure and mechanical ventilation. The C‐Index for this model was 0.807 (95% CI, 0.744–0.870). After correction by the bootstrap, the C‐Index was 0.780 (95% CI, 0.720–0.845). The calibration plots indicated good consistency between actual observations and model prediction of renal recovery. Decision curve analysis demonstrated the model was clinical usefulness.ConclusionWe developed and validated a model to predict the chance of renal recovery in cardiac surgery patients with AKI requiring RRT.
The nomological argument for the existence of God
Authors: Hildebrand Tyler , Metcalf Thomas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAccording to the Nomological Argument, observed regularities in nature are best explained by an appeal to a supernatural being. A successful explanation must avoid two perils. Some explanations provide too little structure, predicting a universe without regularities. Others provide too much structure, thereby precluding an explanation of certain types of lawlike regularities featured in modern scientific theories. We argue that an explanation based in the creative, intentional action of a supernatural being avoids these two perils whereas leading competitors do not. Although our argument falls short of a full defense, it does suggest that the Nomological Argument is worthy of philosophical attention.
Arrhythmia profile and ablation‐outcome in elderly women with atrial fibrillation undergoing first catheter ablation
Authors: Natale Veronica , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Trivedi Chintan , Baqai Faiz M. , Gallinghouse Joseph , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Gianni Carola , MacDonald Bryan , Mayedo Angel , Burkhardt John David , Gallinghouse Gerald J. , Al‐Ahmad Amin , Horton Rodney , Bassiouny Mohamed , Di Biase Luigi , Natale Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the arrhythmia profile and ablation outcome in women with atrial fibrillation (AF) aged ≥75 years.MethodsA total of 573 consecutive female patients undergoing first AF ablation were classified into group 1: ≥75 years (n = 221) and group 2: < 75 years (n = 352). Isolation of PVs, posterior wall and superior vena cava was performed in all. Non‐PV triggers from other areas were ablated based on operator's discretion.ResultsGroup 1 had higher prevalence of hypertension (154 (69.7%) vs. 188 (53.4%), p < .001) and non‐paroxysmal AF (136 (61.5%) vs. 126 (35.8%), p < .001). Non‐PV triggers were detected in 194 (87.8%) patients from group 1 and 143 (40.6%) from group 2 (p < .001) and were ablated in 152 (68.8%) and 114 (32.4%) from group 1 and 2 respectively. Remaining patients (group 1: 69/221 and group 2: 238/352) received no additional ablation. At 4 years, 109 (49.3%) and 185 (52.6%) from group 1 and 2, respectively, were arrhythmia‐free, p = .69. When stratified by ablation‐strategy, success‐rate was similar across groups in patients receiving non‐PV trigger ablation (96 (63.2%) in group 1 and 76 (66.7%) in group 2, p = .61), whereas it was significantly lower in group 1 patients not receiving additional ablation compared to those from group 2 (13 (18.8%) vs. 109 (45.8%), p < .001).ConclusionNon‐paroxysmal AF was more common in women aged ≥75 years. Furthermore, significantly higher number of non‐PV triggers were detected in elderly women and ablation of those provided similar ablation success as that in women aged < 75 years.
Symmetric blaschkoid pityriasis rosea in a child
Authors: Bhanja Dibyendu Bikash , Sil Abheek , Chakraborty Sayantani , Panigrahi Avik , Punithakumar Esther Jane 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPityriasis rosea (PR) is a common papulosquamous disorder that may be related to primary infection or endogenous reactivation of human herpesvirus 7 and 6. Based on morphology, distribution, and size of lesions, several atypical variants of PR have been described. PR following the lines of Blaschko represents an atypical variant that has seldom been described in the literature. Here, we describe a child with diabetes who developed PR in a symmetrical, blaschkolinear configuration.
Patch testing in skin of color: A brief report
Authors: Tamazian Shant , Oboite Michelle , Treat James R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIt is critical that dermatology training prepares physicians to recognize cutaneous changes in skin of color populations. Patch testing is the gold standard for identifying triggers of contact dermatitis and can be challenging to interpret in skin of color given the need to see erythema, particularly for a 1 + positive interpretation. Given the paucity of clinical images of skin of color in the literature, we provide images of two pediatric patients presenting with positive patch tests to demonstrate an approach to the clinical interpretation of patch testing in patients with more melanin in the skin.
To treat or not to treat: CFTR modulators after lung transplantation
Authors: Hayes Don , Darland Leanna K. , Hjelm Michelle A. , Mansour Heidi M. , Wikenheiser‐Brokamp Kathryn A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEvidence for the extrapulmonary benefits of (CFTR) modulators is rapidly expanding. The use of CFTR modulators in CF patients who have undergone lung transplantation is not clear without guidance published in the medical literature to assist clinicians in the care of these patients. We discuss the potential benefits of CFTR modulators and provide insight into their use based on our experience in a small cohort of CF LTx recipients. We present pros and cons of CFTR modulator therapy for LTx recipients with CF. CFTR modulators should be considered in CF patients after lung transplantation for the time being until further research defines how to best use these therapies in transplant recipients.
Deficient auditory emotion processing but intact emotional multisensory integration in alexithymia
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Chen Mai , Goerlich Katharina S. , Aleman André , Xu Pengfei , Luo Yuejia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlexithymia has been associated with emotion recognition deficits in both auditory and visual domains. Although emotions are inherently multimodal in daily life, little is known regarding abnormalities of emotional multisensory integration (eMSI) in relation to alexithymia. Here, we employed an emotional Stroop‐like audiovisual task while recording event‐related potentials (ERPs) in individuals with high alexithymia levels (HA) and low alexithymia levels (LA). During the task, participants had to indicate whether a voice was spoken in a sad or angry prosody while ignoring the simultaneously presented static face which could be either emotionally congruent or incongruent to the human voice. We found that HA performed worse and showed higher P2 amplitudes than LA independent of emotion congruency. Furthermore, difficulties in identifying and describing feelings were positively correlated with the P2 component, and P2 correlated negatively with behavioral performance. Bayesian statistics showed no group differences in eMSI and classical integration‐related ERP components (N1 and N2). Although individuals with alexithymia indeed showed deficits in auditory emotion recognition as indexed by decreased performance and higher P2 amplitudes, the present findings suggest an intact capacity to integrate emotional information from multiple channels in alexithymia. Our work provides valuable insights into the relationship between alexithymia and neuropsychological mechanisms of emotional multisensory integration.
Oxytocin increases pregnancy rates after fixed time artificial insemination in Kazak ewes
Authors: Lu Xiaoyu , Liu Yiyong , Zhang Jing , Wu Xinglong , Li Xiangyun 
Published: March 2021

ContentsIt is probable that reduced pregnancy rates in ewes after fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) is attributable, in part, to the reduced number of normal spermatozoa that colonize the oviduct. Administration of oxytocin stimulates both cervical dilation and uterine/oviductal contractility. The hypothesis that oxytocin can enhance sperm transport into the uteri and the oviducts, and thereby increase pregnancy rates, was tested in the present study. Oestrus was synchronized in 199 multiparous Kazak ewes using intravaginal flurogestone‐impregnated sponge. The sponge was left in the vagina for 12 days followed with an injection of 330 IU of eCG at sponge removal. Each ewe was intracervically inseminated twice at 50 hr and 62 hr after the removal of sponges using an insemination catheter containing 0.25 ml of diluted semen. Semen was collected from seven Texel rams and all the ejaculates were pooled and diluted in ultra‐high temperature‐treated commercial skimmed milk without (Control group, 0.05 ml of saline per mL milk, n = 144) or with oxytocin supplement (Oxytocin group, 0.5 U of oxytocin per ml milk, n = 55). Pregnancy status was determined by transabdominal ultrasound examination 45 days after insemination. Lambing performance was recorded at delivery. Significant differences were observed between the Oxytocin group and the Control group in terms of the pregnancy rate and the fecundity rate (85.5% and 92.7% versus 68.8% and 72.9%, respectively). In conclusion, low dose oxytocin supplementation of semen extender significantly increased pregnancy and fecundity rates in oestrus‐synchronized Kazak ewes after FTAI.
Task Sharing of Injectable Contraception Services in Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chin‐Quee Dawn S. , Abrejo Farina , Chen Mario , Lashari Talib , Olsen Patrick , Habib Zaheer , Gao Xiaoming , Assad Fauzia , Midhet Farid , Chandio Shabir , Stankevitz Kayla , Saleem Sarah 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProvision of injectable contraceptive services by lay health workers is endorsed by normative bodies, but support for this practice is not universal. We assessed whether lay providers (lady health workers, LHWs) could perform as well as clinically trained providers (family welfare workers, FWWs) on appropriate screening, counseling, and injection of intramuscular and subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) using a randomized controlled trial.In the urban sample (n = 355), 88 percent of FWW DMPA clients were appropriately screened versus 77 percent of LHW clients (noninferiority test p = 0.88). In rural facilities (n = 105), over 90 percent of both providers’ clients were screened appropriately. Appropriate counseling was low overall, but LHWs were significantly noninferior to FWWs (p = 0.003). Notably, LHWs demonstrated better injection technique than FWWs.We could not conclude that LHWs screened new DMPA users as well as FWWs from an urban sample of providers but results from the rural sample suggests that service delivery context played an important role.