bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Based Educational Intervention for Enhancing Irrigation Skills of Nurses Caring for Patients With Cutaneous Continent Urinary Diversions and Orthotopic Neobladders
Authors: Merandy Kyle , Chambers Lakisha Lee , Morgan Karen , Cane Danielle , Barimah Louise McLean , Vasquez Marizel , Rosenberg Jay 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a nurse practitioner-led simulation-based education program on nursing knowledge and confidence in the care of patients with a cutaneous continent urinary diversion (Indiana pouch) or orthotopic neobladder.

DESIGN:
Single-group, before-after study.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
The sample comprised 11 RNs practicing at New York Presbyterian Hospital in New York City. Subjects were predominantly female, ethnically diverse, and held a bachelor's degree. About half of the subjects had less than 3 years of experience, and more than half reported prior experience caring for patients with a urinary diversion.

METHODS:
Participants completed a demographic survey, and a continent urinary diversion confidence survey and pretest measuring knowledge of nursing care of patients with a urinary diversion. Following baseline data collection, an educational session focused on the irrigation of a continent urinary diversion was made available for participants to review. An onsite simulation experience was scheduled several weeks later. Investigators provided education on proper irrigation of a continent urinary diversion and observed participants' skills when irrigating a continent urinary diversion on a high-fidelity simulated patient mannequin. The simulation intervention was followed by video replay and debrief providing feedback on each participant's performance. At the conclusion of the onsite simulation intervention, participants completed a postintervention confidence survey and a knowledge posttest related to the care of a continent urinary diversion. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze baseline and postintervention changes in nursing knowledge and confidence.

RESULTS:
Participants achieved significant improvements in knowledge (P = .005) and confidence (P = .009) following the simulation-based educational intervention.

CONCLUSIONS:
A nurse practitioner-led simulation-based educational program for RNs caring for patients with continent urinary diversions demonstrates enhanced nursing knowledge and confidence caring for patients with continent urinary diversions. We anticipate this experience will enhance care we provided to patients undergoing cystectomy and continent cutaneous urinary diversion or orthotopic neobladder construction.
The emergence, surge and subsequent wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in New York metropolitan area: The view from a major region-wide urgent care provider
Authors: Rane Madhura S. , Profeta Angela , Poehlein Emily , Kulkarni Sarah , Robertson McKaylee , Gainus Chris , Parikh Ashish , LeBenger Kerry , Frogel Daniel , Nash Denis 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundDescribing SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity trends among urgent care users is crucial for understanding the trajectory of the pandemic.ObjectiveTo describe demographic and clinical characteristics, positivity rates, and repeat testing patterns among patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 at CityMD, an urgent care provider in the New York City metropolitan area.DesignRetrospective study of all persons testing for SARS-CoV-2 between March 1, 2020 and January 8, 2021 at 115 CityMD locations in the New York metropolitan area.PatientsIndividuals receiving a SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic or serologic test.MeasurementsTest and individual level SARS-CoV-2 positivity by PCR, rapid antigen, or serologic tests.ResultsDuring the study period, 3.4 million COVID tests were performed on 1.8 million individuals. In New York City, CityMD diagnosed 268,298 individuals, including 17% of all reported cases. Testing levels were higher among 20-29 year olds, non-Hispanic Whites, and females compared with other groups. About 24.8% (n=464,902) were repeat testers. Test positivity was higher in non-Hispanic Black (6.4%), Hispanic (8.0%), and Native American (8.0%) patients compared to non-Hispanic White (5.4%) patients. Overall seropositivity was estimated to be 21.7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 21.6-21.8) and was highest among 10-14 year olds (27.3%). Seropositivity was also high among non-Hispanic Black (24.5%) and Hispanic (30.6%) testers, and residents of the Bronx (31.3%) and Queens (30.5%). Using PCR as the gold standard, SARS-CoV-2 rapid tests had a false positive rate of 5.4% (95%CI 5.3-5.5).ConclusionUrgent care centers can provide broad access to critical evaluation, diagnostic testing and treatment of a substantial number of ambulatory patients during pandemics, especially in population-dense, urban epicenters.
Contrasting patterns of microbial dominance in theArabidopsis thalianaphyllosphere
Authors: Lundberg Derek S. , de Pedro Jové Roger , Na Ayutthaya Pratchaya Pramoj , Karasov Talia L. , Shalev Or , Poersch Karin , Ding Wei , Bollmann-Giolai Anita , Bezrukov Ilja , Weigel Detlef 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSphingomonasis one of the most abundant bacterial genera in the phyllosphere of wildArabidopsis thaliana,but relative toPseudomonas, the ecology ofSphingomonasand its interaction with plants remains elusive. We analyzed the genomic features of over 400Sphingomonasisolates collected from localA. thalianapopulations, which revealed high intergenomic diversity, in contrast to genetically much more uniformPseudomonasisolates found in the same host populations. Variation inSphingomonasplasmid complements and additional genomic features suggest high adaptability of this genus, and the widespread presence of protein secretion systems hints at frequent biotic interactions. While some of the isolates showed plant-protective properties in lab tests, this was a rare trait. To begin to understand the extent of strain sharing across alternate hosts, we employed amplicon sequencing and a novel bulk-culturing metagenomics approach on bothA. thalianaand neighboring plants. Our data reveal thatSphingomonasandPseudomonasboth thrive on other diverse plant hosts, but thatSphingomonasis a poor competitor in dying or dead leaves.
Universal prediction of cell cycle position using transfer learning
Authors: Zheng Shijie C. , Stein-O’Brien Genevieve , Augustin Jonathan J. , Slosberg Jared , Carosso Giovanni A. , Winer Briana , Shin Gloria , Bjornsson Hans T. , Goff Loyal A. , Hansen Kasper D. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe cell cycle is a highly conserved, continuous process which controls faithful replication and division of cells. Single-cell technologies have enabled increasingly precise measurements of the cell cycle both as a biological process of interest and as a possible confounding factor. Despite its importance and conservation, there is no universally applicable approach to infer position in the cell cycle with high-resolution from single-cell RNA-seq data.ResultsHere, we present tricycle, an R/Bioconductor package, to address this challenge by leveraging key features of the biology of the cell cycle, the mathematical properties of principal component analysis of periodic functions, and the use of transfer learning. We estimate a cell cycle embedding using a fixed reference dataset and project new data into this reference embedding; an approach that overcomes key limitations of learning a dataset dependent embedding. Tricycle then predicts a cell-specific position in the cell cycle based on the data projection. The accuracy of tricycle compares favorably to gold-standard experimental assays, which generally require specialized measurements in specifically constructedin vitrosystems. Using internal controls which are available for any dataset, we show that tricycle predictions generalize to datasets with multiple cell types, across tissues, species and even sequencing assays.ConclusionsTricycle generalizes across datasets, is highly scalable and applicable to atlas-level single-cell RNA-seq data.
Multi-scale predictive modeling discovers Ibudilast as a polypharmacological agent to improve hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory and mitigate plaque and tangle pathology in a transgenic rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Oliveros Giovanni , Wallace Charles H. , Chaudry Osama , Liu Qiao , Qiu Yue , Xie Lei , Rockwell Patricia , Figueiredo-Pereira Maria , Serrano Peter A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease that exhibits cognitive deficits, neuronal loss, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation in the brain. We developed a multi-scale predictive modeling strategy that integrates machine learning with biophysics and systems pharmacology to model drug actions from molecular interactions to phenotypic responses. We predicted that ibudilast (IBU), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist, inhibited multiple kinases (e.g., IRAK1 and GSG2) as off-targets, modulated multiple AD-associated pathways, and reversed AD molecular phenotypes. We address for the first time the efficacy of ibudilast (IBU) in a transgenic rat model of AD. IBU-treated transgenic rats showed improved cognition and reduced hallmarks of AD pathology. RNA sequencing analyses in the hippocampus showed that IBU affected the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the TLR signaling pathway. Our results identify IBU as a potential therapeutic to be repurposed for reducing neuroinflammation in AD by targeting TLR signaling.
What’s the Relative Humidity in Tropical Caves?
Authors: Mejía-Ortíz Luis , Christman Mary C , Pipan Tanja , Culver David C 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRelative humidity (RH) was measured at hourly intervals for approximately one year in two caves at seven stations near Playa del Carmen in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Sistema Muévelo Rico is a 1.1 km long cave with 12 entrances and almost no dark zone. Río Secreto (Tuch) is a large river cave with more than 40 km of passages, and an extensive dark zone. Given the need for cave specialists to adapt to saturated humidity, presumably by cuticular thinning, the major stress of RH would be its deviation from saturation. RH in Río Secreto (Tuch) was invariant at three sites and displayed short deviations from 100% RH at the other four sites. These deviations were concentrated at the end of the nortes and beginning of the rainy season. Three of the sites in Sistema Muévelo Rico showed a similar pattern although the timing of the deviations from 100% RH was somewhat displaced. Four sites in Sistema Muévelo Rico were more variable, and were analyzed using a measure of amount of time of deviation from 100% RH for each 24 hour period. Strong seasonality was evident but, remarkably, periods of constant high humidity were not the same at all sites. In most Sistema Muévelo Rico sites, there was a detectable 24 hour cycle in RH, although it was quite weak in about half of them. For Río Secreto (Tuch) only one site showed any sign of a 24 hour cycle. The troglomorphic fauna was more or less uniformly spread throughout the caves and did not concentrate in any one area or set of RH conditions. Compared to temperature, RH is much more constant, perhaps even more constant than the amount of light.
Transcriptional network of the industrial hybridSaccharomyces pastorianusreveals temperature-dependent allele expression bias and preferential orthologous protein assemblies
Authors: Timouma Soukaina , Balarezo-Cisneros Laura Natalia , Pinto Javier , De La Cerda Roberto , Bond Ursula , Schwartz Jean-Marc , Delneri Daniela 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSaccharomyces pastorianusis an industrial natural yeast evolved from different hybridisation events between the mesophilicS. cerevisiaeand the cold-tolerantS. eubayanus. This complex aneuploid hybrid carries multiple copies of the parental alleles alongside specific hybrid genes and encodes for multiple protein isoforms which impart novel phenotypes, such as the strong ability to ferment at low temperature. These characteristics lead to agonistic or antagonistic competition for substrates and a plethora of biochemical activities, resulting in a unique cellular metabolism. Here, we investigated the transcriptional signature of the different orthologous alleles inS. pastorianusduring temperature shifts. We identified temperature-dependent media-independent genes and showed that 35% have their regulation dependent on extracellular leucine uptake, suggesting an interplay between leucine metabolism and temperature response. The analysis of the expression of ortholog parental alleles unveiled that the majority of the genes express preferentially one parental allele over the other, and thatS. eubayanus-like alleles are significantly over-represented among the genes involved in cold acclimatisation. The presence of functionally redundant parental alleles may impact on the nature of protein complexes established in the hybrid, where both parental alleles are competing. Our expression data indicate that the majority of the protein complexes in the hybrid are likely to be either exclusively chimeric or uni-specific, and that the redundancy is discouraged, a scenario which fits well with the stoichiometric balance-hypothesis. This study offers the first overview of the transcriptional pattern ofS. pastorianusand provide a rationalisation for its unique industrial traits at expression level.
Responsibly regulating the civilian unmanned aerial vehicle deployment in India and Japan
Authors: Chamuah Anjan , Singh Rajbeer 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to describe the evolving regulatory structures of the civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in India and Japan, not yet fully developed to regulate the deployment of the UAV. India and Japan are at the forefront to overhaul the respective regulatory framework to address issues of accountability, responsibility and risks associated with the deployment of UAV technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interviews are conducted both in Japan and India to gather primary data based on the snowball sampling method. The paper addresses questions such as what is the current scenario of civilian UAV deployment in India and Japan. What are the regulation structures for Civil UAV deployment and operation and how they differ in India and Japan? What are the key regulatory challenges for Civil UAV deployment in India? How regulation structure enables or inhibits the users and operators of Civil UAVs in India? What are mutual learnings concerning UAV regulations?

Findings
Findings reveal that the Indian regulations address issues of responsibility by imparting values of privacy, safety, autonomy and security; Japanese regulation prefers values of trust, responsibility, safety and ownership with more freedom to experiment.

Originality/value
The study on civilian UAV regulatory framework is a new and innovative work embedded by the dimensions of responsibility and accountability from a responsible innovation perspective. The work is a new contribution to innovation literature looked at from regulatory structures. Field visits to both Japan and India enrich the study to a new elevation.
Assessing public open spaces in Belgrade – A quality of urban life perspective
Authors: Vukovic Tamara , Salama Ashraf M. , Mitrovic Biserka , Devetakovic Mirjana 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThis paper interrogates the impact of spatial transformations on urban life. It explores the level of individual and group satisfaction and sense of well-being within the urban public realm; this is undertaken by reporting on the outcomes of an assessment study of three key public open spaces in Belgrade, developed from a quality of urban life (QoUL) perspective.Design/methodology/approachA systematic multilevel assessment method is utilised, with the aim of determining the material and immaterial elements that can contribute to an individual's sense of comfort within a public space. The study places emphasis on the functional, social and perceptual attributes as they relate to the physical characteristics of three assessed spaces.FindingsThe assessment study resulted in a systematic overview of the different attributes of the three assessed spaces. With various performance levels within each set of attributes, the study identifies key challenges and problems that could lead towards determining possible opportunities for future local urban interventions and developmental actions.Originality/valueWith the shifts in policies and the associated governance process that redefined the outlook of previously enforced development and urban growth in the last two decades, the capital of Serbia, Belgrade, has undergone significant spatial changes. This has resulted in a certain level of fragmentation in the urban fabric, leading to a number of challenges concerning public health, well-being, safety, accessibility, comfort and urban mobility, to name a few, that need to be better addressed and understood within the local context.
Impacts of architectural education on entrepreneurial intention: a case study of senior architects from six universities in Turkey
Authors: İlerisoy Zeynep Yeşim , Aycı Ali , Aycı Hilal , Kınacı Esra Betül 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe aim of the study is to investigate whether architectural education has a positive attitude toward entrepreneurship and it encourages to have management skills. The hypothesis is based on the fact that core courses in architectural education have an impact on individuals' entrepreneurial intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe correlation of design, construction and technology courses with entrepreneurship intentions, namely, learning motivation, a motivation on innovation, a progressive attitude and self-efficacy as an outcome, was investigated in senior-year students of architecture enrolled in six universities of Turkey. The data collected were analyzed through the structural equation model, which mainly focuses on the causal relationships between chosen variables.FindingsThe initial outcome is that learning motivation, attitude and self-efficacy through design courses have an effect on entrepreneurship. However, contrary to expectations, it was found that innovation does not have an effect on entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, while innovation, attitude and self-efficacy through construction courses have an impact on entrepreneurial intent, learning motivation does not. Finally, it was revealed that attitude, self-efficacy, innovation and learning motivation affect entrepreneurial intention through technology courses.Originality/valueEntrepreneurship skills are generally considered within the field of interest by business schools. Even though there exist some studies into entrepreneurial architecture education, they are few in numbers, and they usually evaluate the problem mainly through a qualitative research. This study could be regarded as a different research in terms of its traditional perspective, and it investigates the role of entrepreneurial intent in a “technical” discipline such as architecture.
Back to basics: understanding the numbers behind COVID-19
Authors: Chiba Manoj Dayal 
Published: April 2021

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: How to establish credibility of data sources; measurement scales of data; the importance of descriptive statistics and generating the following based on the type of data: mean, median and standard deviation; graphical methods; and test for differences: t-test and analysis of variance.

Case overview/synopsis
The case is set during the COVID-19 pandemic and the South African Government’s response to the pandemic. A brief timeline is provided as part of the introduction to the case study, with the following being a timeline of the events: 14 March 2020, 114 South African citizens were repatriated from Wuhan the epicentre of the COVID-19 outbreak; 15 March 2020, South Africa’s President, Cyril Ramaphosa declares a National State of Disaster, and this includes various measures to protect against the spread of COVID-19, while the health-care system is geared up to deal with the pandemic. Among the measures implemented, travel bans from high-risk countries and closing of air-traffic, closing of land ports and banning of gatherings of more than 100 people; 23 March 2020, President Cyril Ramaphosa announced a national lockdown beginning on 27 March 2020 for three weeks; 9 April 2020, President Ramaphosa extends the national lockdown by a further two weeks. The World Health Organisation (WHO) had commended South Africa on the swift action taken to curb the spread of the virus. Individuals and organisational leaders are grappling to make sense of the spread of the virus, and the barrage of the information that is being communicated through multiple channels, formal and informal. To make sense of the information, the case is premised on getting access to the raw data and conducting the analysis based on the publicly available data. The central requirement of the case is to compare the number of positive cases per million, based on the population data contained in the data set, of South Africa to a comparable country.

Complexity/Academic level
Post-graduate students learning statistics as part of a degree programme. The case assumes no prior statistics knowledge and therefore is aimed at teaching the importance of the basics of statistical analysis and then progressing to tests for differences.

Subject code
CSS 7: Management Science

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.
Informal learning, work engagement and their effects on work-family enrichment
Authors: Rastogi Mansi , Karatepe Osman M. 
Published: April 2021

PurposeDrawing from work-family enrichment (WFE) model and path-goal theory of motivation, this paper proposes and tests work engagement (WE) as a mediator between informal learning and WFE.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires measuring informal learning, WE and WFE were filled out by 290 hotel employees in India. The abovementioned linkages were tested via structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings suggest that hotel employees' informal learning fosters their WE and WFE. The findings also reveal that WE partly mediates the impact of informal learning on WFE.Originality/valueMost of employees' learning efforts in the workplace emerge from informal learning. However, there is still limited information whether employees' informal learning activates their WE, which is a timely and significant topic. Importantly, there is a paucity of evidence appertaining to the effect of informal learning on WFE, which is underrepresented in the current literature. Evidence about the mechanism linking informal learning to WFE is also sparse.
Progressive failure analysis of laminated plate containing elliptical cutout
Authors: Magar Ashok , Lal Achchhe 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe prediction of accurate failure strength and a composite laminate failure load is of paramount importance for reliable design. The progressive failure analysis helps to predict the ultimate failure strength of the laminate, which is more than the first ply failure (FPF) strength. The presence of a hole in the laminate plate results in stress concentration, which affects the failure strength. The purpose of the current work is to analyze the stress variation and progressive failure of a symmetric laminated plate containing elliptical cutouts under in-plane tensile loading. The effect of various parameters on FPF and last ply failure (LPF) strength is studied.Design/methodology/approachThe ply-by-ply stresses around elliptical cutouts are obtained analytically using Muskhelishvili's complex variable formulation. To predict the progressive failure, Tsai–Hill (T-H) and Tsai–Wu (T-W) failure criteria are used, and depending on the mode of failure, lamina modulus is degraded.FindingsThe study has revealed that fiber orientation and stacking sequence for given loading have the most significant effect on the laminate's failure strength.Originality/valueComplex variable method and conformal mapping are simple and proficient for studying failure analysis of a laminated plate with elliptical cutout.