bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese patent medicine for NAFLD in childhood or adolescence
Authors: Sun Yuli , Tan Zhaofeng , Jiang Zhenyuan , Li Min , Wang Weiqin , Huang Yaoyao , Sun Jianguang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common reason for chronic liver disease in children and adults. The increasing incidence of the disease has become one of the most critical public health problems in the 21st century, closely related to genetic and environmental factors. So far, apart from changing lifestyle and diet, modern medicine still lacks effective treatment measures. Chinese patent medicine has the advantages of apparent curative effect, overall regulation and fewer side effects. However, there is a lack of research on the simultaneous comparison of various Chinese patent medicines. Therefore, we used a reticular meta-analysis to indirectly compare the efficacy and safety of different oral Chinese patent medicines through standard reference.

Method:
We will conduct a comprehensive and systematic search of Chinese and English databases from the beginning to December 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of oral Chinese patent medicine for NAFLD in children will be searched. The 2 researchers then independently filter the retrieved literature, extract the data according to the data extraction table and assess the risk of bias. We will perform a pair of meta-analyses and a Bayesian network meta-analysis. STATA and Win BUGS software will be used for data analysis.

Results:
This study will thoroughly compare and analyze the differences in the efficacy of all kinds of TCPM in NAFLD treatment in childhood or adolescence.

Conclusion:
This study will provide reference and evidence support for clinical drug selection optimization.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study does not require ethical approval.

INPLASY registration number:
2020120068.
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the biliary tract with cardiac metastasis
Authors: Lee Joo Hyung , Kim Hyung Sun , Park Ji Hyun , Park Joon Seong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the biliary tract (IPNB) is a rare, low-grade neoplasm limited to the bile duct mucosa. The malignant transformation rate is low, and there have been limited reports of metastasis to other organs. Herein, we presented a rare case of a patient who was diagnosed with IPNB concurrent with invasive adenocarcinoma after surgery and was diagnosed with cardiac metastasis 6 months later.

Patient concerns:
A 61-year-old male patient presented with abdominal pain to a local clinic. He was diagnosed with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with pancreatitis and transferred to our hospital.

Diagnosis:
Diagnostic testing (magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, positron emission tomography-computed tomography) revealed a papillary neoplasm and invasive adenocarcinoma with papillary neoplasm in the periampullary lesion.

Interventions:
Pancreaticoduodenectomy, right hemihepatectomy, and left lateral sectionectomy of the liver were performed. After surgery, we planned gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

Outcomes:
Upon completion of the sixth gemcitabine chemotherapy cycle, a hyperechoic, oval-shaped mass (1.3 × 2.6 cm) was found on the outer wall of the right atrium. Resection of a cardiac tumor in the right atrium and patch repair were performed.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, no other case of cardiac metastasis found during observation after surgery for an IPNB has been described. IPNBs are known to be less aggressive and to have a lower metastasis rate than intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms; therefore, the number of case reports describing metastasis after surgery is relatively low. Our case suggests that close observation is necessary in patients diagnosed with an IPNB.
Atypical late-onset severe gastritis in immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked (IPEX) syndrome: 2 case reports
Authors: Fang Youhong , Luo Youyou , Lou Jingan , Chen Jie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
The immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked (IPEX) syndrome is a rare disorder that most often manifests in the early stages of life. IPEX syndrome with a late onset, presenting with severe gastritis has rarely been reported.

Patient concerns:
Two male adolescents presented with recurrent vomiting, severe malnutrition, and growth retardation due to severe gastritis.

Diagnoses:
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy of the 2 patients revealed rare presentations of severe gastritis with multiple ulcers and stenosis of the pylorus. Next-generation sequencing revealed 2 novel variants in gene FOXP3 in the patients who were diagnosed with the IPEX syndrome.

Interventions:
Both patients were treated with a high calorie formular enteral nutritional therapy. In addition, the pylorus of patient 1 was enlarged by balloon dilation, while patient 2 was treated with mercaptopurine and low dose prednisone.

Outcomes:
Symptoms and nutritional status of the patients improved after treatment.

Lessons:
Chronic severe gastritis with stenosis of the pylorus could be an atypical manifestation of the IPEX syndrome. The use of next-generation sequencing is highly suitable for the diagnosis of atypical IPEX syndromes.
Prognostic impact of eosinophils in peripheral blood and tumor site in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Yang Xiyue , Wang Lei , Du Huan , Lin Binwei , Yi Jie , Wen Xuemei , Geng Lidan , Du Xiaobo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To date, no effective biological markers have been identified for predicting the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Recent studies have shown that eosinophils are independent prognostic factors in some cancers. This study aimed to identify the prognostic impact of eosinophils in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
This study enrolled 136 patients who received CCRT for locally advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We evaluated the survival time and clinical pathological characteristics of eosinophils. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate survival data. The log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to conduct a multivariate analysis.
Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that high eosinophil infiltration correlated with better overall survival (OS) (P = .008) and better progression-free survival (PFS) (P = .015). The increase in absolute eosinophil count after CCRT also enhanced OS (P = .005) and PFS (P = .007). The PFS and OS in patients with high blood eosinophil count before CCRT (>2%) was better than those with low blood eosinophil count(<2%) (P = .006 and P = .001, respectively). Additionally, the multivariate analysis revealed that disease stage and high eosinophil infiltration, increased peripheral blood absolute eosinophil count after CCRT, and high peripheral blood eosinophil count before CCRT were independent prognostic indicators.
High eosinophil count of tumor site, increased peripheral blood absolute eosinophil count after CCRT, and high peripheral blood eosinophil count before CCRT are favorable prognostic factors for patients with ESCC treated with CCRT.
Determinants of anxiety and depression among pheochromocytoma patients
Authors: Jia Siming , Li Chengbai , Lei Zhuqing , Xia Qiang , Jiang Yuqing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Phaeochromocytomas are catecholamine-producing neuroendocrine tumors that may manifest in many ways, specifically as sustained or paroxysmal hypertension. Data, including data from mental status screening, were prospectively collected from suspected patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used as a screening tool to identify abnormal mental status. Results showed phaeochromocytoma patients were more likely to experience anxiety and depression. For future phaeochromocytoma treatment, early screening for anxiety and depression should be recommended.
CONSORT the effect of a bolus dose of dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain, agitation, and quality of recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Choi Jung Ju , Kim Kyungmi , Park Hee Yeon , Chang Young Jin , Lee Kyung Cheon , Kim Kwan Yeong , Kwak Hyun Jeong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
The perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine may improve the quality of recovery (QoR) after major abdominal and spinal surgeries. We evaluated the effect of an intraoperative bolus of dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain, emergence agitation, and the QoR after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods:
Patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized to receive dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg 5 minutes after anesthesia induction (dexmedetomidine group, n = 45) or normal saline (control group, n = 45). The primary outcome was the QoR at the first postoperative day using a 40-item scoring system (QoR-40). Secondary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, postoperative agitation, pain, and nausea and vomiting.

Results:
The heart rate and the mean blood pressure were significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the control group (P < .001 and .007, respectively). During extubation, emergence agitation was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the control group (23% vs 64%, P < .001). The median pain scores in the post-anesthetic care unit were significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the control group (4 [2–7] vs 5 [4–7], P = .034). The incidence of postoperative agitation, pain, and nausea and vomiting was not different between the groups. On the first postoperative day, recovery profile was similar between the groups. However, the scores on the emotional state and physical comfort dimensions were significantly higher in the dexmedetomidine group than in the control group (P = .038 and .040, respectively).

Conclusions:
A bolus dose of dexmedetomidine after anesthesia induction may improve intraoperative hemodynamics, emergence agitation, and immediate postoperative analgesia. However, it does not affect overall QoR-40 score after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Endoscopically assisted transoral resection of a Bailey type IV second branchial cleft cyst
Authors: Gao Shan , Xu Qin , Yi Qinchuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
The diagnosis of type IV branchial cleft cyst (BCC) according to the Bailey classification is very challenging due to lack of specific clinical manifestations in the early stage of the disease. Here, we present the transoral surgical route of endoscopic resection of second BCC in the parapharyngeal space (PPS) with good outcomes.

Patient concerns:
A 21-year-old man with a 1-year history of snoring complained about sore throat for 1 month and a fever that lasted for 3 days.

Diagnoses:
On admission, physical examination revealed a temperature of 39°C, pain when swallowing accompanied with a lump sensation in the throat, and inability to open mouth more than 3 cm. Blood testing revealed 19.29 × 109 white blood cells (WBCs)/L and 14.94 × 109 neutrophils/L. A cervical computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a mass with liquid density of 6.2 × 4.0 × 7.7 cm3 in the left parapharyngeal space (PPS) and pharyngeal cavity stenosis. Postoperative pathology showed the existence of lymphoepithelial cysts (left PPS), which was in accordance with the diagnosis of BCC.

Interventions:
The patient was administered 1.5 g ceftazidime every 12 hours, anti-inflammatory drugs, and incision drainage was performed subsequently. Then, endoscopy-assisted resection of the left PPS was performed via the transoral route. We used low-temperature plasma and an 8-Fr Foley catheter with a water capsule during the surgery.

Outcomes:
After resection of the mass, the patient's blood results returned to within the normal range and his symptoms improved. Five days postoperatively, the incision made in the palatine arch of the pharynx opened up by 1 cm, and eventually the wound and laceration healed. Normal oral eating was restored, and no complications were observed.

Lessons:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and color Doppler ultrasound can be useful to diagnose BCC in PPS, which rarely occurs in the clinical setting. Extended endoscopy provides a satisfactory surgical field for trans-oral resection allowing complete resection of the BCC without serious postoperative complications.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient on atorvastatin therapy expressing human leukocyte antigen alleles
Authors: Lv Meina , Jiang Shaojun , Fu Jinglan , Liu Yuxin , Lian Siheng , Zhang Jinhua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare, severe mucosal response of the skin associated with a high mortality rate. TEN is most commonly caused by drugs, and is characterized by extensive skin epidermal exfoliation.

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old woman presented with a rash that had persisted for four days. The patient who had undergone a mitral valve replacement 1 month prior and was taking atorvastatin at the time of admission.

Diagnoses:
The patient exhibited more than 30% exfoliation surfaces and the severe drug eruption was considered to be TEN. According to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele detection and ALDEN score, HLA alleles which found in this case report may be an cause of TEN induced by atorvastatin.

Interventions:
All drugs used prior to admission were discontinued and the patient was given antiallergic drugs.

Outcomes:
After 3 weeks following Antiallergic treatment, the rash on patient's calf had subsided, the edema was relieved, and the patient was no longer experiencing pain. After 60 days following discharge, the patient's skin has regrown.

Lessons:
This is the first report describing the induction of TEN by atorvastatin in a HLA alleles carrier. For HLA alleles carrier, atorvastatin may need to be used with caution to avoid TEN. Future systematic research is also required to confirm this finding and avoid similar serious skin adverse reactions.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound superb microvascular imaging for focal liver lesions
Authors: Sui Ping , Wang Xiaoyan , Sun Lipeng , Wang Hui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a new ultrasound vascular imaging technology, which uses a new Doppler algorithm, it has the characteristics of high sensitivity and high resolution to detect low velocity blood flow; it is easier to detect microvessels with low-velocity flow compared with color Doppler flow imaging in theory; and it can image the microvessels of the lesion without angiography.
[1]
Previous studies showed that SMI can detect tumor neovascularization to differentiate benign from malignant focal liver lessions (FLLs). However, the results of these studies have been contradictory with low sample sizes. This meta-analysis tested the hypothesis that SMI is accurate in distinguishing benign and malignant FLLs.

Methods:
We will search PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese biomedical databases from their inceptions to the November 30, 2020, without language restrictions. Two authors will independently carry out searching literature records, scanning titles and abstracts, full texts, collecting data, and assessing risk of bias. Review Manager 5.2 and Stata14.0 software will be used for data analysis.

Results:
This systematic review will determine the accuracy of SMI in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant FLLs.

Conclusion:
Its findings will provide helpful evidence for the accuracy of SMI in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant FLLs.

Systematic review registration:
INPLASY2020120081.
Quantitative Ultrasound Texture Feature Changes With Conservative Treatment of the Trapezius Muscle in Female Patients With Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Authors: Sancar Mert , Keniş-Coşkun Özge , Gündüz Osman Hakan , Kumbhare Dinesh 
Published: January 2021

Objective
We set out to assess whether quantitative ultrasound could be used to assess changes that occur after physical therapy in patients experiencing myofascial pain syndrome.

Methods
We consecutively recruited female subjects experiencing myofascial pain syndrome of the neck and shoulder region and provided 10 sessions of conservative physical therapy. A control group was recruited for textural analyses. We measured change in pain ratings, range of motion, and ultrasound texture features before and after the intervention and after 3 mos.

Results
We recruited 63 female myofascial pain syndrome subjects and 20 healthy controls. After treatment, the mean blob size (an ultrasound texture feature) value for each subject decreased from 30.84 ± 5.00 to 25.86 ± 5.67 on the right and decreased from 31.70 ± 5.51 to 28.08 ± 5.53 on the left (P < 0.0005). The blob count showed a significant increase only on the left side (P < 0.01). Corresponding to this were reductions in pain and disability scores after treatment and at 3 mos compared with retreatment (P < 0.0005 for all checkpoints). Cervical range of motion values were significantly increased only at 3 mos compared with pretreatment except for mean flexion range of motion.

Conclusions
Ultrasound texture feature of blob size and count changes correspond to routine clinical outcomes after conservative physical therapy of myofascial pain syndrome in female individuals.
Development and Validation of a Fall Prevention Efficiency Scale
Authors: Dykes Patricia C. , Khasnabish Srijesa , Burns Zoe , Adkison Lesley E. , Alfieri Lois , Bogaisky Michael , Carroll Diane L. , Carter Eileen J. , Hurley Ann C. , Jackson Emily , Kurian Susan , Lindros Mary Ellen , Ryan Virginia , Scanlan Maureen , Sessler Kelly , Shelley Alexandra , Spivack Linda B. , Walsh Mary-Ann , Bates David W. , Adelman Jason S. 
Published: January 2021

Objectives
Fall TIPS (Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety) is an evidence-based fall prevention program that led to a 25% reduction in falls in hospitalized adults. Because it would be helpful to assess nurses’ perceptions of burdens imposed on them by using Fall TIPS or other fall prevention program, we conducted a study to learn benefits and burdens.

Methods
A 3-phase mixed-method study was conducted at 3 hospitals in Massachusetts and 3 in New York: (1) initial qualitative, elicited and categorized nurses’ views of time spent implementing Fall TIPS; (2) second qualitative, used nurses’ quotes to develop items, research team inputs for refinement and organization, and clinical nurses’ evaluation and suggestions to develop the prototype scale; and (3) quantitative, evaluated psychometric properties.

Results
Four “time” themes emerged: (1) efficiency, (2) inefficiency, (3) balances out, and (4) valued. A 20-item prototype Fall Prevention Efficiency Scale was developed, administered to 383 clinical nurses, and reduced to 13 items. Individual items demonstrated robust stability with Pearson correlations of 0.349 to 0.550 and paired t tests of 0.155 to 1.636. Four factors explained 74.3% variance and provided empirical support for the scale’s conceptual basis. The scale achieved excellent internal consistency values (0.82–0.92) when examined with the test, validation, and paired (both test and retest) samples

Conclusions
This new scale assess nurses’ perceptions of how a fall prevention program affects their efficiency, which impacts the likelihood of use. Learning nurses’ beliefs about time wasted when implementing new programs allows hospitals to correct problems that squander time.
Health Care Professionals' Usage and Documentation of a Swedish Quality Registry Regarding Preventive Nutritional Care
Authors: Johansson Linda , Wijk Helle , Christensson Lennart 
Published: January 2021

Objectives:
To describe health care staff members' usage and documentation in a Swedish quality registry focusing on a preventive care process regarding the risk area of malnutrition among persons with dementia. The preventive care process includes risk assessment, analysis of underlying causes, planning and performing interventions, as well as evaluating effects.

Methods:
Data were collected from 2 Swedish quality registries, Senior Alert and the Swedish Dementia Register (Svedem). In total, 1929 people with dementia were assessed and 1432 registered as being at risk of malnutrition or malnourished.

Results:
Performed nutritional interventions were registered in approximately 65% of cases. In more than 80% of registrations, the analyses of underlying causes were missing. Those who had registered underlying causes had significantly more interventions and the evaluation of the performed intervention was registered. The time between assessment and evaluation depended on care setting and ranged from 0 to 702 days.

Conclusions:
Limitations in registration were noted; however, the register allows staff to focus on nutritional care and has resulted in many risk assessments. Rarely people were registered in all steps of the preventive care process. Large variances in when the performed interventions were evaluated makes it difficult to measure improvements.
Reliability and Validity of the Spanish Version of the Medical Outcomes Study Pain Severity Scale in Mexican Patients With Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Horta-Baas Gabriel 
Published: January 2021

Objective
To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Medical Outcomes Study Pain Severity Scale (MOS-PSS) in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2019 to March 2020 using a nonprobabilistic sampling of consecutive cases. The internal consistency of the scale was evaluated through the Cronbach α coefficient and by the item response theory reliability coefficient. Construct validity was evaluated by factor analysis; relationships between MOS-PSS and visual numeric scale for pain, numeric rating scale for pain, and verbal rating scale for pain; and differences between relevant groups. Item response theory–based methods were used to assess item performance.

Results
A clinical sample of 796 outpatients was recruited. Most patients presented moderate to severe pain. Two subscale solutions showed a good model fit in confirmatory factor analysis. The overall model fit of multidimensional generalized partial credit model showed to be adequate. The most discriminating item was “average pain intensity.” Evidence revealed disordered thresholds in 2 items. Collapsing categories resulted in ordered thresholds for all items and significantly improving the overall model fit. The MOS-PSS and modified MOS-PSS yielded high reliability. Both scales were very strongly correlated with numeric rating scale for pain, visual numeric scale for pain, and verbal rating scale for pain (ρ ≥ 0.85). All hypotheses related to subgroups comparison were fulfilled.

Conclusions
Overall, the Spanish version of the MOS-PSS showed good reliability and construct validity. Nevertheless, the statistical evidence from this study would suggest the modified MOS-PSS should be the version of choice for measuring pain in Mexican patients with rheumatic diseases.