bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the experiences of individuals in recovery from problem substance use and their perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Smith Emma , Carter Melody , Walklet Elaine , Hazell Paul 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to explore how enforced forms of social isolation arising from the first COVID-19 lockdown influenced experiences of problem substance use, relapse and coping strategies for recovery in individuals engaging with harm reduction recovery services.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative semi-structured interview design was adopted for this research. Seven participants were recruited from a harm reduction recovery organisation. During their initial interview, participants volunteered information regarding their experience of the first lockdown due to emerging concerns of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed a second semi-structured interview at the end of the first lockdown regarding their experience of enforced isolation during this time.

Findings
Three themes identified from the analysis were isolation resulting in hindered human capabilities; adjusting to a new normal: an individual experience; and unexpected benefits to recovery resulting from isolation. While some participants reported boredom, loneliness and relapse events, others reported that the national response to the virus did not adversely affect them as they had already adjusted to living in a state of anxiety, isolation and uncertainty. These findings illuminate negative, neutral and positive aspects of substance use recovery throughout the COVID-19 lockdown as well as highlighting the complex and individualised role that social connectedness plays in relapse occurrence.

Originality/value
Participants reported differences in how they were affected by the pandemic, leading to theoretical implications for the effect of social isolation on recovery. For this reason, individuals with a history of dependency should be considered potentially vulnerable to the effects of enforced isolation and should be supported accordingly.
New fraud star theory and behavioural sciences
Authors: Monteverde Vicente Humberto 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish the theory of the fraud star and the formulation of its microeconomic model, based on the behavioural sciences.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology is a practical exploration, first in the convergence of the economics of fraud and the behavioural sciences, based on these tools, formulating the new theory of the star of fraud and formulating its microeconomic model.

Findings
The paper concludes with a new model of the fraud star theory and its microeconomic modelling. Take into account the new theory of the fraud star of this article.

Research limitations/implications
There are no limitations in the model.

Practical implications
The practical implications are to apply the new fraud star theory and calculate your income, in different scenarios.

Social implications
The social implication is to know the income for the crime of fraud, according to the level of regulations, control and effective punishment.

Originality/value
The present work is original; there is no new theory of the fraud star, nor its microeconomic model, and it does not exist in the academic field, only in this work.
Fifteen years of customer engagement research: a bibliometric and network analysis
Authors: Hollebeek Linda D. , Sharma Tripti Ghosh , Pandey Ritesh , Sanyal Priyavrat , Clark Moira K. 
Published: June 2021

PurposeIn recent years, customer engagement (CE) with brands, which has been shown to yield enhanced firm sales, competitive advantage and stock returns, has risen to occupy a prominent position in brand management research and practice. Correspondingly, scholars have explored CE’s conceptualization, operationalization and its nomological networks as informed by different theoretical perspectives. However, in spite of important advances, the knowledge structure of the overall corpus of CE research remains tenuous. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the intellectual structure of CE research.Design/methodology/approachBased on this gap, this study deploys bibliometric and network analysis to map CE’s literature-based landscape. Using bibliometric analysis, important CE-publishing journals, authors and influential CE articles (2005–2020) are uncovered. Using network analysis, prominent CE themes are also unearthed.FindingsThe results document key CE-publishing journals and authors and their respective contributions to the literature. Five CE themes are also identified, including CE measurement/methods, online CE, CE’s value co-creating capacity, CE conceptualization and customer/consumer brand engagement. Further, an agenda for future CE research is provided based on the presented network analysis results.Practical implicationsThe reported findings generate important implications for brand managers. For example, the identified critical role of online (vs offline) CE offers a range of strategic opportunities, as outlined.Originality/valueThis paper offers a pioneering bibliometric and network analysis of the CE literature, thus mapping the field. From the identified CE themes, important avenues for further CE research are also identified.
Regional differences in the fatty acid composition, and vitamin and carotenoid concentrations in farm bulk milk in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Mitani Tomohiro , Kobayashi Kuniyuki , Ueda Koichiro , Kondo Seiji 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the regional differences in the composition of farm bulk milk produced at three different dairy areas in Hokkaido, Japan. A field survey was conducted at Central, Tokachi, and North areas of Hokkaido, three or four times a year. At each farm, an interview questionnaire for farm basal data was conducted, and 500 ml of bulk tank milk sample was obtained. Fatty acid composition, and vitamin and carotenoid concentrations in the milk samples were determined. In Central and Tokachi areas, corn silage was used as the main forage. In North area, fresh herbage was the dominant feed in the summer season, and grass hay was the main feed in the winter season. Discriminant analysis revealed that the composition of milk samples differed among the areas and seasons. Milk from Central and Tokachi areas contained a higher ratio of linoleic acid compared with that from North area, but there were only slight differences in the composition of milk between Central and Tokachi areas. The concentrations of carotenoids and α‐tocopherol were higher in samples from North area and the ratios of trans‐vaccenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid were higher in the summer season than in the indoor season.
The epigenetics of keloids
Authors: Stevenson Andrew W. , Deng Zhenjun , Allahham Amira , Prêle Cecilia M. , Wood Fiona M. , Fear Mark W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractKeloid scarring is a fibroproliferative disorder of the skin with unknown pathophysiology, characterised by fibrotic tissue that extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound. Therapeutic options are few and commonly ineffective, with keloids very commonly recurring even after surgery and adjunct treatments. Epigenetics, defined as alterations to the DNA not involving the base‐pair sequence, is a key regulator of cell functions, and aberrant epigenetic modifications have been found to contribute to many pathologies. Multiple studies have examined many different epigenetic modifications in keloids, including DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNAs and long non‐coding RNAs. These studies have established that epigenetic dysregulation exists in keloid scars, and successful future treatment of keloids may involve reverting these aberrant modifications back to those found in normal skin. Here we summarise the clinical and experimental studies available on the epigenetics of keloids, discuss the major open questions and future perspectives on the treatment of this disease.
Body Image Related to Sexual Health: Development of the Concept
Authors: Wilson Christina M. , McGuire Deborah B. , Rodgers Beth L. 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionDisturbances in body image can have an impact on sexual health and are prevalent in women of reproductive age. Although body image is important, the definition of this concept is inconsistent across the disciplines of nursing, medicine, and psychology. Use of a consistent definition in clinical practice and research could lead to a more comprehensive understanding of disturbances in body image, thereby advancing research‐based knowledge and clinical practice. The purpose of this concept development was to advance the concept of body image as it relates to sexual health among women of reproductive age from the perspectives of 3 disciplines with a strong focus on body image: nursing, medicine, and psychology.MethodsStrategies for concept development as described by Rodgers provided the basis for this work. The process includes a search, review, and synthesis of the literature surrounding the concept of interest.ResultsSeventy‐one articles, mostly qualitative and quantitative descriptive, were included and used to develop the concept. Body image related to sexual health in women of reproductive age is a multifaceted concept that is composed of an emotional and behavioral response to one's perceived appearance, sexuality, and degree of femininity. An individual's body image is influenced by sociocultural identities, race, ethnicity, and health status. It has both physical and psychological impact on health outcomes.DiscussionThis interprofessional and comprehensive definition of body image should enhance understanding, assessment, and management of body image disturbances, thus bridging disciplines and enhancing interprofessional research and practice.
Myogenic autoregulation in bone marrow arterioles and in vivo intramedullary pressure in femora of conscious, female Long Evans rats
Authors: Noh Sunggi , Lee Seungyong , Green Sophie , Prisby Rhonda 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe ability to regulate skeletal blood flow is critical for the maintenance of bone. The myogenic response is essential for regulating tissue blood flow. Myogenic responsiveness in bone marrow arterioles has not yet been determined. Furthermore, the literature is disparate regarding intramedullary pressures (IMP) within bone. The purposes of this study were to (1) determine whether bone marrow arterioles have myogenic activity and (2) assess if the autoregulatory zone corresponds with IMP. Also, this study provides detailed methodology on dissecting and isolating bone marrow arterioles for functional assessment.MethodsExperiment 1: Femoral shafts of female Long Evans rats were catheterized to assess in vivo IMP. Experiment 2: Bone marrow arterioles from female Long Evans rats were cannulated. Active and passive myogenic responses were determined.ResultsIn vivo intramedullary pressure averaged 32 ± 3 mmHg, intramedullary pulse pressure averaged 5.28 ± 0.03 mmHg, and the mean maximal diameter and wall thickness of the bone marrow arterioles were 96 ± 7 µm and 18 ± 2 µm, respectively. An active myogenic response was observed and differed (p < .001) from the passive curve.ConclusionBone marrow arterioles have myogenic responsiveness and the autoregulatory zone corresponded with the range of IMP (15–51 mmHg) within the femoral diaphysis of conscious animals.
Safety and efficacy evaluation of the automatic stepwise recruitment maneuver in the neonatal population: An in vivo interventional study. Can anesthesiologists safely perform automatic lung recruitment maneuvers in neonates?
Authors: Serrano Zueras Clara , Guilló Moreno Verónica , Santos González Martín , Gómez Nieto Francisco Javier , Hedenstierna Göran , García Fernández Javier 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundA new software has recently been incorporated in almost all new anesthesia machines to enable automatic lung recruitment maneuvers. To date, no studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of these automatic software programs in the neonatal population.AimsWe aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the lung recruitment maneuver performed using the automatic stepwise recruitment maneuver software of the FLOW‐i 4.3 Anesthesia System® in a healthy and live neonatal model.MethodsEight male newborn piglets were included in the study. The lung recruitment maneuver was performed in pressure‐controlled ventilation with a constant driving pressure (15 cmH2O) in a stepwise increasing positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) model. The target peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) was 30 cmH2O and PEEP was 15 cmH2O. The maneuver lasted for 39 seconds. The hemodynamic variables were monitored using the PICCO® system. The following respiratory parameters were monitored: oxygen saturation, fraction of inspired oxygen, partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the arterial blood, end‐tidal carbon dioxide pressure, PIP, plateau pressure, PEEP, static compliance (Cstat), and dynamic compliance (Cdyn).Safety was evaluated by assessing the accuracy of the software, need for not interrupting the maneuver, hemodynamic stability, and absence of adverse respiratory events with the lung recruitment maneuver. Efficacy was evaluated by improvement in Cstat and Cdyn after performing the lung recruitment maneuver.ResultsAll lung recruitment maneuvers were safely performed as scheduled without any interruptions. No pneumothorax or other side effects were observed. Hemodynamic stability was maintained during the lung recruitment maneuver. We observed an improvement of 33% in Cdyn and 24% in Cstat after the maneuver.ConclusionsThe automatic stepwise recruitment maneuver software of the FLOW‐i 4.3 Anesthesia System® is safe and efficacious in a healthy neonatal model. We did not observe any adverse respiratory or hemodynamic events during the implementation of the lung recruitment maneuver in the pressure‐controlled ventilation mode using a stepwise increasing PEEP (30/15 cmH2O) approach.
Organizational Resilience to Disruption Risks: Developing Metrics and Testing Effectiveness of Operational Strategies
Authors: Baghersad Milad , Zobel Christopher W. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThis study draws from the system resilience literature to propose three different metrics for evaluating the resilience performance of organizations against disruptions: the initial loss due to the disruption, the maximum loss, and the total loss over time. In order to show the usefulness of the developed metrics in practice, we deploy these metrics to study the effectiveness of two resilience strategies: maintaining operational slack and broadening operational scope, by empirically analyzing the performance of manufacturing firms that experienced a disruption during the period from 2005 to the end of 2014. The results show that maintaining certain aspects of operational slack and broadening business scope and geographic scope can affect these different metrics in different ways. Our results help decisionmakers in risk management to gain a better understanding of the conditions under which the recommended strategies actually improve organizations’ resilience, as well as the ways in which they may do so.
Improved Heat-Transfer Correlation for Transcritical Methane Based on a Velocity Profile Correction Term
Authors: Zhang Meng , Sun Bing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, three-dimensional numerical simulations of the transcritical flow and heat transfer of methane are performed in a rectangular channel under asymmetric heating. The accuracy of four different Nusselt number correlations in the calculation of transcritical methane flow and heat transfer is compared, and two improved heat transfer correlations are proposed based on the Bishop correlation with and without adding a velocity profile correction term. The obtained results show that the proposed heat transfer correlations can accurately predict the heat transfer of transcritical methane. It is also shown that by adding a velocity profile correction term, the error between calculated values and those obtained from numerical simulations is reduced from 6.33% to 2.82%. Moreover, it is revealed that under severe heat transfer deterioration conditions, the proposed heat transfer correlations overestimate the convective heat transfer coefficient near the inlet. When the heat transfer is significantly improved, the variation of convective heat transfer coefficient becomes very different from the base case. A large error is noticed between the calculated results of correlation Modified 1 and the results obtained from the numerical simulations, while the correlation Modified 2 with velocity profile correction term still proves satisfactory calculation accuracy.
Biallelic variants inCPAMD8are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma and primary angle-closure glaucoma
Authors: Li Xueqing , Sun Wenmin , Xiao Xueshan , Fang Lei , Li Shiqiang , Liu Xing , Zhang Qingjiong 
Published: June 2021

Background/AimsThis study aims to assess the contribution of biallelicCPAMD8variants in patients with different forms of glaucoma, especially primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), based on a systematic analysis of exome sequencing (ES).MethodsPotentially pathogenicCPAMD8variants were selected from the ES data of 5307 subjects with various eye conditions through multiple bioinformatics analyses. Of the 5307 subjects, 1221 probands had different forms of primary glaucoma. The genotype–phenotype correlation was assessed by a systematic review of biallelicCPAMD8variants that including our data and data from the literature. The expression profile ofCPAMD8in human tissues was determined at the mRNA and protein levels.ResultsBiallelicCPAMD8variants, including one frameshift and six missense variants, were exclusively present and significantly enriched in patients with glaucoma (one with juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG), two with POAG and two with PACG) compared with none of the 4086 probands with other eye conditions in this cohort (p=4.1E-07). The effect of variants in these patients is relatively mild compared with that reported in patients with anterior segment dysgenesis or primary congenital glaucoma.CPAMD8mRNA was highly expressed in the optic nerve, ciliary body, retina and iris, whereas the CPAMD8 protein was mainly detected in the nonpigmented epithelium of the iris and ciliary process, determined by immunohistochemistry.ConclusionsThe data from this study not only provide further evidence to support the association of biallelicCPAMD8variants with JOAG but also suggest that biallelicCPAMD8variants might be associated with POAG and PACG.
Abstract P104: Role of Adenosine Receptors in Angiotensin II Dependent Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Yadav Vishal R , Zhou Zhichao , Teng Bunyen , Mustafa S. Jamal 
Published: June 2021

Our recent finding showed that acute angiotensin (ANG) II stimulation enhanced A
1
adenosine receptor (AR) dependent cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A mediated contraction in mouse mesenteric arteries (MA). In addition, A
2B
AR dependent and partly K
ATP
channel mediated relaxation was also reduced with ANGII stimulation. These data suggest a possible interaction between ANG II and ARs at vascular level which may play a role in ANG II dependent hypertension.

We developed ANG II (1000 ng/kg/min, 21 days) infused hypertension mouse model and tail cuff was used to measure blood pressure. Aorta as a conduit and MA (second order) as a resistance artery were chosen for muscle tension studies. Protein expressions in aortas and MAs were analyzed by western blot.
Infusion of ANG II increased systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP) in mice. Particularly, in ANG II infused mice, SAP (in mmHg, mean ± SD) at day 0 was 101.6 ± 6.675 which increased to 156.7 ± 15.68 on day 21 (p<0.05) while in saline control mice, SAP was 100.8 ± 6.753 (day 0) and changed to 105.4 ± 7.620 (day 21).

Higher expression of A
1
AR (~155% over 100%) and CYP4A (~50%, ~0.6 over 0.3, ratio to actin) was present in MAs in hypertensive compared to control mice. Expression of A
1
AR and CYP4A was comparable in aortas of hypertensive and control mice.

CCPA (A
1
AR agonist) -induced concentration dependent contraction (% normalize to phenylephrine contraction) was significantly reduced (~15% from 40% at 100 nM) in aorta of hypertensive mice compared to control. NECA (non-selective AR agonist) produced a significantly higher (~ -15% from 0% at 10 μM) relaxation in aorta of hypertensive mice. In MAs, CCPA-induced contraction was reduced in hypertensive mice. NECA induced relaxation was comparable in MAs. Pinacidil (K
ATP
channel opener) induced relaxation was significantly lower (~0% from -25% at 100 nM) in MAs of hypertensive mice.

In conclusion, our data reveal important role for A
1
AR dependent signaling in ANG II induced hypertension. Higher A1AR and CYP4A may reduce K
ATP
channel dependent relaxation of MAs aiding vascular contraction and blood pressure. Further studies involving ARs pharmacological inhibitors and genetic models are required to fully understand the relationship between ANG II and ARs in the development of hypertension.
Abstract 107: Acetyl-coa Carboxylase 2 Prevents Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Reducing Glucose Reliance
Authors: Ritterhoff Julia , Shao Dan , Tian Rong 
Published: June 2021

In cardiac hypertrophy, the adult heart switches from mainly using fatty acids to increased reliance on glucose to maintain its energetic demands. Reducing fatty acid overload and further increasing glucose reliance has been suggested to be beneficial in the diseased state. Recently, however, it has been shown that increasing fatty acid oxidation (FAO) by cardiac-specific deletion of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 2 (ACC2) maintains cardiac energetics and prevents cardiac dysfunction as well as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy during chronic pressure overload. However, it remained unclear, how increased FAO specifically prevented cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine the impact of ACC2 deletion on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
in vitro
.

Adenoviral-mediated knock-down (KD) of ACC2 in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) resulted in a 70% downregulation of ACC2 mRNA. In standard CM medium (medium M199, 5.5mM glucose) ACC2 KD resulted in a similar increase in CM growth after phenylephrine (PE) treatment as control CMs (+39±10% in control vs. 41±16% in ACC2 KD CMs). Supplementation of 0.4 mM mixed long-chain fatty acids (FA) and 0.1 mU/ml insulin had no effect on cardiomyocyte morphology or hypertrophic response after PE treatment (+42±6%). However, ACC2 KD effectively prevented CM hypertrophy after PE stimulation in the presence of FA/insulin (+9±6%). Whereas PE stimulation in control CMs increased glucose uptake (+28±8%) and reduced fatty acid uptake (-25±6%), both were normalized after ACC2 KD. Inhibiting FAO by etomoxir or increasing glucose utilization by dichloroacetate abolished the beneficial effects of ACC2 KD after PE stimulation. When cultured in glucose-free medium supplemented with FA, ACC2 KD was incapable of preventing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Together, these data indicate that increased FAO after ACC2 deletion prevents cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by reducing glucose reliance, suggesting that rather increasing than reducing FAO is beneficial in cardiac hypertrophy.