bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of physical activity intervention in children – results based on the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study
Authors: Kuvaja-Köllner Virpi , Lintu Niina , Lindi Virpi , Rissanen Elisa , Eloranta Aino-Maija , Kiiskinen Sanna , Martikainen Janne , Kankaanpää Eila , Valtonen Hannu , Lakka Timo A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a 2-year physical activity (PA) intervention combining family-based PA counselling and after-school exercise clubs in primary-school children compared to no intervention from an extended service payer’s perspective.

Methods
The participants included 506 children (245 girls, 261 boys) allocated to an intervention group (306 children, 60 %) and a control group (200 children, 40 %). The children and their parents in the intervention group had six PA counselling visits, and the children also had the opportunity to participate in after-school exercise clubs. The control group received verbal and written advice on health-improving PA at baseline. A change in total PA over two years was used as the outcome measure. Intervention costs included those related to the family-based PA counselling, the after-school exercise clubs, and the parents’ taking time off to travel to and participate in the counselling. The cost-effectiveness analyses were performed using the intention-to-treat principle. The costs per increased PA hour (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, ICER) were based on net monetary benefit (NMB) regression adjusted for baseline PA and background variables. The results are presented with NMB and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.

Results
Over two years, total PA increased on average by 108 h in the intervention group (95 % confidence interval [CI] from 95 to 121, p < 0.001) and decreased by 65.5 h (95 % CI from 81.7 to 48.3, p < 0.001) in the control group, the difference being 173.7 h. the incremental effectiveness was 87 (173/2) hours. For two years, the intervention costs were €619 without parents’ time use costs and €860 with these costs. The costs per increased PA hour were €6.21 without and €8.62 with these costs. The willingness to pay required for 95 % probability of cost-effectiveness was €14 and €19 with these costs. The sensitivity analyses revealed that the ICER without assuming this linear change in PA were €3.10 and €4.31.

Conclusions
The PA intervention would be cost-effective compared to no intervention among children if the service payer’s willingness-to-pay for a 1-hour increase in PA is €8.62 with parents’ time costs.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01803776. Registered 4 March 2013 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=01803776&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=.
Multi-parametric MRI phenotype with trustworthy machine learning for differentiating CNS demyelinating diseases
Authors: Huang Jing , Xin Bowen , Wang Xiuying , Qi Zhigang , Dong Huiqing , Li Kuncheng , Zhou Yun , Lu Jie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Misdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) may delay the treatment, resulting in poor prognosis. However, the precise identification of these two diseases is still challenging in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the value of quantitative radiomic features extracted from the brain white matter lesions for differential diagnosis of MS and NMO.

Methods
We recruited 116 CNS demyelinating patients including 78 MS, and 38 NMO. Three neuroradiologists performed visual differential diagnosis based on brain MRI for comparison purpose. A multi-level scheme was designed to harness the selection of discriminative and stable radiomics features extracted from brain while mater lesions in T1-MPRAGE, T2 sequences and clinical factors. Based on the imaging phenotype composed of the selected radiomic and clinical features, Multi-parametric Multivariate Random Forest (MM-RF) model was constructed and verified with both 10-fold cross-validation and independent testing. Result interpretation was provided to build trust in diagnostic decisions.

Results
Eighty-six patients were randomly selected to form the training set while the rest 30 patients for independent testing. On the training set, our MM-RF model achieved accuracy 0.849 and AUC 0.826 in 10-fold cross-validation, which were significantly higher than clinical visual analysis (0.709 and 0.683, p < 0.05). In the independent testing, the MM-RF model achieved AUC 0.902, accuracy 0.871, sensitivity 0.873, specificity 0.869, respectively. Furthermore, age, sex and EDSS were found mildly correlated with the radiomic features (p of all < 0.05).

Conclusions
Multi-parametric radiomic features have potential as practical quantitative imaging biomarkers for differentiating MS from NMO.
Mitonuclear mismatch alters nuclear gene expression in naturally introgressed Rhinolophus bats
Authors: Ding Yuting , Chen Wenli , Li Qianqian , Rossiter Stephen J. , Mao Xiuguang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial function involves the interplay between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Such mitonuclear interactions can be disrupted by the introgression of mitochondrial DNA between taxa or divergent populations. Previous studies of several model systems (e.g. Drosophila) indicate that the disruption of mitonuclear interactions, termed mitonuclear mismatch, can alter nuclear gene expression, yet few studies have focused on natural populations.

Results
Here we study a naturally introgressed population in the secondary contact zone of two subspecies of the intermediate horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus affinis), in which individuals possess either mitonuclear matched or mismatched genotypes. We generated transcriptome data for six tissue types from five mitonuclear matched and five mismatched individuals. Our results revealed strong tissue-specific effects of mitonuclear mismatch on nuclear gene expression with the largest effect seen in pectoral muscle. Moreover, consistent with the hypothesis that genes associated with the response to oxidative stress may be upregulated in mitonuclear mismatched individuals, we identified several such gene candidates, including DNASE1L3, GPx3 and HSPB6 in muscle, and ISG15 and IFI6 in heart.

Conclusion
Our study reveals how mitonuclear mismatch arising from introgression in natural populations is likely to have fitness consequences. Underlying the processes that maintain mitonuclear discordance is a step forward to understand the role of mitonuclear interactions in population divergence and speciation.
Physical therapy treatments incorporating equine movement: a pilot study exploring interactions between children with cerebral palsy and the horse
Authors: Lightsey Priscilla , Lee Yonghee , Krenek Nancy , Hur Pilwon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Physical therapy treatments incorporating equine movement are recognized as an effective tool to treat functional mobility and balance in children with cerebral palsy (CP). To date, only a few studies examined kinematic outputs of the horses and children when mounted. In this pilot study, to better understand the effectiveness of this type of treatment, we examined the interaction between the horses and children with CP during physical therapy sessions where equine movement was utilized.

Methods
Four children with CP participated in eight physical therapy sessions incorporating hippotherapy as a treatment intervention. Functional mobility was assessed using the Timed Up Go or the 10 m Walk Test. Inertial measurement unit sensors, attached to children and horses, recorded movements and tracked acceleration, angular velocity, and body orientation. Correlation between vertical accelerations of children and horses were analyzed. In addition, peak frequencies of vertical accelerations of children and horses were compared.

Results
Functional tests modestly improved over time. The children’s movements, (quantified in frequency and temporal domains) increasingly synchronized to the vertical movement of the horse’s walk, demonstrated by reduced frequency errors and increased correlation.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that as the sessions progressed, the participants appeared to become more familiar with the horse’s movement. Since the horse’s gait at a walk mimics the human gait this type of treatment may provide individuals with CP, who have abnormal gait patterns, an opportunity for their neuromuscular system to experience a typical gait pattern. The horse’s movement at the walk are consistent, cyclical, rhythmical, reciprocal and multi-dimensional, all of which can facilitate motor learning. The increased synchronization between horse and the mounted participant suggests that physical therapy utilizing equine movement is a viable treatment tool to enhance functional mobility. This study may provide a useful baseline for future work.
Trial registrationTexas A&M University Institutional Review Board. IRB2018-0064. Registered 8 March 2018. Link: https://rcb.tamu.edu/humans/irb and https://github.com/pilwonhur/HPOT
A chair at the table: a scoping review of the participation of refugees in community-based participatory research in healthcare
Authors: Filler Tali , Benipal Pardeep Kaur , Torabi Nazi , Minhas Ripudaman Singh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundRefugees often face psychosocial complexity and multi-dimensional healthcare needs. Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) methods have been previously employed in designing health programs for refugee communities and in building strong research partnerships in refugee communities. However, the extent to which these communities are involved remains unknown.ObjectiveTo review the evidence on the involvement of refugees in CBPR processes to inform healthcare research.MethodsA scoping review was performed, using Arksey & O’Malley’s methodological framework. A literature search in Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, and Policy File Index for articles published until August 2020 was conducted. Articles were included if they focused on CBPR, had refugee involvement, and discussed healthcare/health policy.Results4125 articles were identified in the database searches. After removal of duplicates, 2077 articles underwent title and abstract review by two authors, yielding an inter-reviewer kappa-statistic of 0.85. 14 studies were included in the final analysis. The purpose of CBPR use for 6 (42.9%) of the articles was developing and implementing mental health/social support interventions, 5 (35.7%) focused on sexual and reproductive health interventions, 1 (7.1%) focused on domestic violence interventions, 1 (7.1%) focused on cardiovascular disease prevention and 1 (7.1%) focused on parenting interventions. In terms of refugee involvement in the various stages in the research process, 9 (64.3%) articles reported refugees having a role in the inception of the research, no articles reported including refugees in obtaining funding, all articles included refugees in the design of the research study, 10 (71.4%) articles reported having refugees involved in community engagement/recruitment, 8 (57.1%) articles reported involvement throughout the data collection process, 4 (28.6%) articles reported involvement in data analysis, 6 (42.9%) articles reported having refugees involved in knowledge translation/dissemination and 1 article (7.1%) reported having refugees contribute to scale up initiatives.ConclusionsCBPR has been identified as a methodology with the potential to make substantial contributions to improving health and well-being in traditionally disenfranchised populations. As the needs of refugee communities are so diverse, efforts should be made to include refugees as partners in all stages of the research process.
Radiotherapy dose–volume parameters predict facial lymphedema after concurrent chemoradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Kim Donghyun , Nam Jiho , Kim Wontaek , Park Dahl , Joo Jihyeon , Jeon Hosang , Ki Yongkan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
To investigate risk factors for developing radiation-associated facial lymphedema (FL) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT).

Methods
Clinical data from 87 patients who underwent definitive CCRT for NPC in 2010–2018 was retrospectively evaluated. FL severity was graded using MD Anderson Cancer Center head and neck lymphedema rating scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with the presence of moderate/severe FL (grade ≥ 2).

Results
At a median follow-up of 34 months (range, 18–96), 26/87 (29.9%) patients experienced grade ≥ 2 FL. A majority (84.6%) was experienced grade ≥ 2 FL 3–6 months after CCRT. Mean dose to the level IV, level I-VII neck node and N stage were significantly correlated with grade ≥ 2 FL at univariate analysis. At multivariate analysis, mean dose of level IV neck node (hazard ratio [HR], 1.238; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.084–1.414; p = 0.002) and level I-VII neck node (HR, 1.384; 95% CI = 1.121–1.708; p = 0.003) were independent predictors. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed that cut-off value of mean level IV neck node dose was 58.7 Gy (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.726; 95% CI = 0.614–0.839, p = 0.001) and mean level I-VII neck node dose was 58.6 Gy (AUC = 0.720; 95% CI = 0.614–0.826, p = 0.001) for grade ≥ 2 FL.

Conclusions
Keeping mean dose to the level IV and level I-VII below 58.7 Gy and 58.6 Gy may reduce the likelihood of moderate/severe FL after CCRT for NPC.
Aspiration versus peritoneal lavage in appendicitis: a meta-analysis
Authors: Burini Gloria , Cianci Maria Chiara , Coccetta Marco , Spizzirri Alessandro , Di Saverio Salomone , Coletta Riccardo , Sapienza Paolo , Mingoli Andrea , Cirocchi Roberto , Morabito Antonino 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Acute appendicitis is one of the most frequent abdominal surgical emergencies. Intra-abdominal abscess is a frequent post-operative complication. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare peritoneal irrigation and suction versus suction only when performing appendectomy for complicated appendicitis.

Methods
According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted and registered into the Prospero register (CRD42020186848). The risk of bias was defined to be from low to moderate.

Results
Seventeen studies (9 RCTs and 8 CCTs) were selected, including 5315 patients. There was no statistical significance in post-operative intra-abdominal abscess in open (RR 1.27, 95% CI 0.75–2.15; I2 = 74%) and laparoscopic group (RR 1.51, 95% CI 0.73–3.13; I2 = 83%). No statistical significance in reoperation rate in open (RR 1.27, 95% CI 0.04–2.49; I2 = 18%) and laparoscopic group (RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.64–2.49; I2 = 18%). In both open and laparoscopic groups, operative time was lower in the suction group (RR 7.13, 95% CI 3.14–11.12); no statistical significance was found for hospital stay (MD − 0.39, 95% CI − 1.07 to 0.30; I2 = 91%) and the rate of wound infection (MD 1.16, 95% CI 0.56–2.38; I2 = 71%).

Conclusions
This systematic review has failed to demonstrate the statistical superiority of employing intra-operative peritoneal irrigation and suction over suction-only to reduce the rate of post-operative complications after appendectomy, but all the articles report clinical superiority in terms of post-operative abscess, wound infection and operative times in suction-only group.
Peripheral nervous system manifestations of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-induced haemolytic uremic syndrome in children
Authors: Santangelo Luisa , Netti Giuseppe Stefano , Torres Diletta Domenica , Piscopo Giovanni , Carbone Vincenza , Losito Luciana , Milella Leonardo , Lasorella Maria Luigia , Conti Pasquale , Gagliardi Delio , Chironna Maria , Spadaccino Federica , Bresin Elena , Trabacca Antonio , Ranieri Elena , Giordano Mario 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The Neurological involvement is the most common extra-renal complication of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) or typical HUS. On brain magnetic resonance examination, main neurological signs encompass acute lesions of the basal ganglia and the white matter, which could usually regress after Eculizumab infusion. In contrast, peripheral nervous system (PNS) manifestations in typical HUS are very rare and, when occurring, they require a careful management of neurological sequelae and an intensive multidisciplinary neuro-rehabilitation program.

Case presentation
Here, we present two pediatric cases of severe and complicated typical HUS with PNS manifestations who required therapeutic treatment and an intensive multidisciplinary neuro-rehabilitation program.
In both cases, PNS manifestations were followed by the recovery from typical HUS-related severe central neurological damage and manifested mainly with marked bilateral motor deficit and hyporeflexia/areflexia in the lower limbs. The peripheral polyneuropathy was treated with immunosuppressive therapy (methylprednisolone boluses, i.v. immunoglobulins, plasma exchange), followed by a prolonged intensive neuro-rehabilitation program. After 8 months of rehabilitation, both patients gained complete functional recovery.

Conclusions
PNS manifestations during typical HUS are a rare event and potentially leading to severe disability. A timely clinical assessment is mandatory to set up a prompt therapeutic and rehabilitation program and to obtain a complete clinical and functional recovery.
Additional effect of pain neuroscience education to craniocervical manual therapy and exercises for pain intensity and disability in temporomandibular disorders: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: dos Santos Aguiar Aroldo , Bataglion Cesar , Felício Lilian Ramiro , Azevedo Beatriz , Chaves Thaís Cristina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study will be to investigate the additional effect of pain neuroscience education program compared to a craniocervical manual therapy and exercises program for pain intensity and disability in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study will be a randomized controlled trial comprising a sample of 148 participants. Subjects between 18 and 55 years, both genders, will undergo a screening process to confirm painful TMD by the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC/TMD), and then the volunteers will be randomized into two groups (G1: pain neuroscience education + craniocervical manual therapy and exercises vs. G2: craniocervical manual therapy and exercises). The volunteers will be recruited at the dentistry clinic. The intervention will be administered twice a week for 6 weeks by a single therapist lasting 1 h per session. The primary outcome will be pain intensity and disability and the secondary outcomes will be pain self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, and global perceived effect of improvement. The participants will be assessed immediately after the last session and at one- and three-month follow-ups. All statistical analyses will be conducted following intention-to-treat principles, and the treatment effects will be calculated using linear mixed models. The results of this study may contribute to understand the additional effect of pain neuroscience education intervention on TMD patients submitted to manual therapy and exercise.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03926767. Registered on April 29, 2019.
A meta-collection of nitrogen stable isotope data measured in Arctic marine organisms from the Canadian Beaufort Sea, 1983–2013
Authors: Ehrman Ashley , Hoover Carie , Giraldo Carolina , MacPhee Shannon A. , Brewster Jasmine , Michel Christine , Reist James D. , Power Michael , Swanson Heidi , Niemi Andrea , Walkusz Wojciech , Loseto Lisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Existing information on Arctic marine food web structure is fragmented. Integrating data across research programs is an important strategy for building a baseline understanding of food web structure and function in many Arctic regions. Naturally-occurring stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) measured directly in the tissues of organisms are a commonly-employed method for estimating food web structure. The objective of the current dataset was to synthesize disparate δ15N, and secondarily δ13C, data in the Canadian Beaufort continental shelf region relevant to trophic and ecological studies at the local and pan-Arctic scales.

Data description
The dataset presented here contains nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios (δ15N, δ13C) measured in marine organisms from the Canadian Beaufort continental shelf region between 1983 and 2013, gathered from 27 published and unpublished sources with associated sampling metadata. A total of 1077 entries were collected, summarizing 8859 individual organisms/samples representing 333 taxa across the Arctic food web, from top marine mammal predators to primary producers.
Cellular reprogramming and epigenetic rejuvenation
Authors: Simpson Daniel J. , Olova Nelly N. , Chandra Tamir 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAgeing is an inevitable condition that afflicts all humans. Recent achievements, such as the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells, have delivered preliminary evidence that slowing down and reversing the ageing process might be possible. However, these techniques usually involve complete dedifferentiation, i.e. somatic cell identity is lost as cells are converted to a pluripotent state. Separating the rejuvenative properties of reprogramming from dedifferentiation is a promising prospect, termed epigenetic rejuvenation. Reprogramming-induced rejuvenation strategies currently involve using Yamanaka factors (typically transiently expressed to prevent full dedifferentiation) and are promising candidates to safely reduce biological age. Here, we review the development and potential of reprogramming-induced rejuvenation as an anti-ageing strategy.