bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of food intake and hydration state on behavioral thermoregulation and
locomotor activity in the tropidurid lizard Tropidurus catalanensis
Authors: Padilla Perez Dylan J. , de Carvalho Jose E. , Navas Carlos A. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Theoretical models predict that lizards adjust their body temperature through
behavioral thermoregulation as a function of food availability. However,
behavioral thermoregulation is also governed by interactions among physiological
and ecological factors other than food availability, such as hydration state, and
sometimes it can even conflict with the locomotor activity of animals. Here, we
aimed to investigate the role of food intake and hydration state on behavioral
thermoregulation and voluntary locomotor activity in the lizard
Tropidurus catalanensis. We hypothesized that food
intake can influence behavioral thermoregulation via an interaction with hydration
state. We also hypothesized that lizards should endeavor to spend as little time
as possible to reach their preferred body temperature to defend other
physiological and/or ecological functions. We collected lizards in the field and
brought them to the laboratory to measure the preferred temperature selected in a
thermal gradient and the total distance traveled by them in fed and unfed
conditions and with variable hydration state. Our results showed that food
consumption was the most important predictor of preferred temperature. In
contrast, either the hydration state alone or its interaction with food
consumption did not have important effects on the lizards’ thermal preference.
Also, we found that the total distance traveled by lizards was not affected by
food intake and was barely affected by the hydration state. We provide an
experimental approach and a robust analysis of the factors that influence
behavioral thermoregulation and locomotor activity in a tropical lizard.
Population characterization and parasitological assessment of the giant African snail (Achatina fulica) in urban areas of Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Cano-Pérez Eder , Torres-Pacheco Jaison , Barraza-Quiroz Luis , Morelos-Muñoz Jorge , Gómez-Camargo Doris 
Published: March 2021

Background: The giant African snail, Achatina fulica, is an invasive species recognized for being a serious agricultural pest and an intermediary vector for diverse parasites that cause diseases in humans. The knowledge of the state of African snail populations in urban areas is of great ecological and public health importance. Therefore, our objective was to characterize the status of giant African snail populations present in the city of Cartagena, Colombia, including the assessment of nematode parasites in the specimens. Methods. Sites were visited following information from citizens affected by the presence of the African snail. The specimens were collected and transported to the laboratory; subsequently, they were weighed, measured, and classified by size. Dissections of lung tissue and soft organs were performed to search for and identify nematode parasites. Size measurement between the sampled sites was statistically compared and density and biomass indicators were established. Results. In total, 204 snails were collected distributed among four sites within Cartagena city. Of these, 50% were juvenile specimens (10-40 mm). The size of the specimens showed significant differences between the sampling areas. The calculated density was between 0.0019-0.68 ind/m2 and the biomass between 3.92-48.75 kg/ha. No presence of nematode parasites was observed in these specimens. Conclusions. Densities and biomasses of A. fulica in Cartagena do not reach levels considered highly harmful. On the other hand, although no parasites were found in these snails, it is relevant to continue with studies on the human health risks that represent the presence of this invasive species in urban areas of Cartagena.
Discriminatory Pricing of Over-the-Counter Derivatives
Authors: Hau Harald , Hoffmann Peter , Langfield Sam , Timmer Yannick 
Published: March 2021

For the first time, new regulatory data allow precise measurement of price discrimination against nonfinancial clients in the foreign exchange derivatives market. Consistent with the theoretical literature, transaction costs vary systematically with measures of client sophistication. The median client pays 10.9 pips more than blue-chip companies because of its lower level of sophistication, which compares with a sample average effective spread of 6.9 pips. However, price discrimination is fully eliminated when clients trade electronically on multidealer platforms. We also document that less sophisticated clients incur additional costs when trading with their relationship bank and in fast-moving markets, but only for bilaterally negotiated contracts. This paper was accepted by Haoxiang Zhu, finance.
A Visual Servo Control Method for Tomato Cluster-Picking Manipulators Based on a T-S Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Liang Xifeng , Peng Ming , Lu Jie , Qin Chao 
Published: March 2021

HighlightsA T-S fuzzy neural network was applied to the visual servo control system of a tomato picking manipulator.The T-S fuzzy neural network structure was designed, and collected data were used to train the neural network model.A visual servo control system for the picking manipulator based on the neural network was designed and tested.The T-S fuzzy neural network was superior to a BP neural network in visual servo control of the picking manipulator.Abstract. To reduce the computational load of image Jacobian matrix estimation and to avoid the appearance of singularity of a Jacobian matrix in the visual servo control of a picking manipulator, a T-S fuzzy neural network algorithm is proposed to replace the image Jacobian matrix. This better fits the hand-eye relationship by combining the knowledge structure of fuzzy reasoning with the self-learning ability of a neural network. The T-S fuzzy neural network was trained and tested by collecting the variation data of image features and joint angles; after training, the T-S fuzzy neural network was used to predict the joint angles of the picking manipulator. Simulation results show that the square sum of training errors and testing errors were 0.017 and 0.032, respectively, after training the T-S fuzzy neural network. A T-S fuzzy neural network controller was applied to the visual servo system of the picking robot, and the test results show that the average difference between the end-effector and the ultimate target location of the visual servo system based on the T-S fuzzy neural network controller was 0.0037 m, which was 79.44% less than that of the visual servo system based on a BP neural network. The final average error of image features was between 0.52 and 3.25 pixels, which was 74.932% less than that of the visual servo system based on the BP neural network. Keywords: Picking manipulator, Tomato clusters, T-S fuzzy neural network, Visual servoing.
Non-Destructive Evaluation of Salmon and Tuna Freshness in a Room-Temperature Incubation Environment Using a Portable Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer
Authors: Cui Jinshi , Cui Chengxun 
Published: March 2021

HighlightsWhile freshness is a critical value of food quality, its assessment requires complex methods, which are costly and time-consuming.In this work, it is demonstrated that spectral responses obtained from a portable VIS/NIR imaging spectrometer can be used to predict food freshness using a CNN-based machine learning algorithm.In the food industry, the method can assess real-time food freshness nondestructively and cost-effectively.Abstract. There has been strong demand for the development of accurate but simple methods to assess the freshness of foods. In this study, a system is proposed to determine the freshness of fish by analyzing the spectral response with a portable visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) imaging spectrometer and a convolution neural network (CNN) machine learning algorithm. Spectral response data from salmon and tuna, which were incubated at 25°C, were obtained every minute for 30 h and were categorized into three stages (fresh, likely spoiled, or spoiled) based on the time and pH. Using the obtained spectral data, a CNN-based machine learning algorithm was built to evaluate the freshness of the experimental samples. The accuracy of the spectral data in predicting the freshness was ~84% for salmon and ~88% for tuna. Keywords: CNN, Fish, Freshness, pH, Spectral data, VIS/NIR.
Modeling Evapotranspiration of Winter Wheat Using Contextual and Pixel-Based Surface Energy Balance Models
Authors: Khand Kul , Bhattarai Nishan , Taghvaeian Saleh , Wagle Pradeep , Gowda Prasanna H. , Alderman Phillip D. 
Published: March 2021

HighlightsThree contextual-based (CB) and two pixel-based (PB) models were evaluated to estimate ET of rainfed winter wheat.Instantaneous available energy estimation and ET upscaling impacted model performance.The CB models performed better at instantaneous and daily scales compared to the PB models.ET estimation biases increased during low vegetation and drier conditions, especially for the PB models.Abstract. Surface energy balance (SEB) models based on thermal remote sensing data are widely used in research applications to map evapotranspiration (ET) across various landscapes. However, their ability to capture ET from winter wheat remains underexplored, especially in practical applications such as integrated resource management and drought preparedness. Investigating winter wheat ET dynamics is important in agricultural regions such as the Southern Great Plains of the U.S., where winter wheat is extensively cultivated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of five fully automated SEB models, three contextual-based (CB) and two pixel-based (PB), in estimating instantaneous and daily ET of winter wheat by comparing the model results with flux tower observations. The CB models included Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), Mapping Evapotranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC), and Triangular Vegetation Temperature (TVT). The PB models included Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) and Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB). Model evaluation during two winter wheat growing seasons (2016-2018) using 28 Landsat images showed that the instantaneous ET estimates from METRIC and TSEB had the smallest (RMSE = 0.14 mm h-1) and largest (RMSE = 0.27 mm h-1) errors, respectively. At the daily scale, SEBAL was the best performing model (RMSE = 1.0 mm d-1), followed by TVT (RMSE = 1.1 mm d-1), METRIC (RMSE = 1.2 mm d-1), SEBS (RMSE = 1.3 mm d-1), and TSEB (RMSE = 1.5 mm d-1). Overall, the CB models provided smaller errors than the PB models. Larger errors in daily ET estimation were observed during low vegetation and drier conditions, especially for the PB models. Keywords: Flux tower, Landsat, Southern Great Plains, Water use.
Silicate-clad heavily Yb3+ doped phosphate core multimaterial fiber with a high gain per unit length for mode-locked fiber laser applications
Authors: Tang Guowu , Zhang Yingtao , Yang Dongliang , Lin Wei , Huang Wenhua , Le Tu , Wu Fan , Yan Na , Qian Qi , Wei Xiaoming , Yang Zhongmin 
Published: March 2021

Silicate-clad heavily

Y
b

3
+

doped phosphate core multimaterial fiber (MF) was successfully drawn by using a molten core method, which has a high gain per unit length of 5.44 dB/cm at 1.06 µm. What is more, an all-fiber-integrated passively mode-locked fiber laser based on a 5 cm long MF was built. The mode-locked pulses operate at 1055 nm with a period of

∼

555

p
s

, and the fundamental repetition rate is 1.787 GHz. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate the realization of a mode-locked fiber laser with a gigahertz fundamental repetition rate based on a silicate-clad heavily

Y
b

3
+

doped phosphate core MF.
Adaptive sigmoid-like and PReLU activation functions for all-optical perceptron
Authors: Crnjanski Jasna , Krstić Marko , Totović Angelina , Pleros Nikos , Gvozdić Dejan 
Published: March 2021

We present an approach for the generation of an adaptive sigmoid-like and PReLU nonlinear activation function of an all-optical perceptron, exploiting the bistability of an injection-locked Fabry–Perot semiconductor laser. The profile of the activation function can be tailored by adjusting the injection-locked side-mode order, frequency detuning of the input optical signal, Henry factor, or bias current. The universal fitting function for both families of the activation functions is presented.
Antibody kinetics and clinical course of COVID-19 a prospective observational study
Authors: Bläckberg Anna , Fernström Nils , Sarbrant Emma , Rasmussen Magnus , Sunnerhagen Torgny 
Published: March 2021

Background
Serological response and association to clinical manifestation is important for understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Materials and methods
A prospective observational study was conducted where antibody responses of IgG and IgA towards SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were studied over time in patients with COVID-19. Possible associations between antibody titers and outcome were analyzed.

Results
Forty patients with COVID-19, hospitalized at Skåne University hospital, Sweden, between April and June 2020 were included. IgG antibody responses were detected for all patients with the highest levels four weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis. Levels of IgA were generally higher at diagnosis and decreased towards baseline 4 weeks after confirmed COVID-19. Patients with severe COVID-19 had higher levels of antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein compared with patients with mild disease.

Conclusion
IgG and IgA antibodies towards the spike protein follow different kinetics during COVID-19 and patients with severe disease develop higher antibody levels.
El dispositivo transicional: de las administraciones de la incertidumbre a las nuevas socialidades emergentes
Authors: Castillejo Alejandro 
Published: March 2021

En este texto quisiera situar la discusión sobre la Justicia Transicional (JT) en el marco de lo que definiré, con una visión etnográfica, como “escenario transicional”. Quisiera argumentar que lo transicional, más allá de un lenguaje formalizado y codificado que constituye el campo hegemónico de la Justicia Transicional, hace referencia un fenómeno cultural y social en la medida en que las categorías que constituyen el mundo o las categorías en las que lo habitamos se derrumban para producir otras. El “escenario transicional” constituye una matriz de análisis de lo que en esencia es la administración de la incertidumbre. El texto nace de mi trabajo etnográfico en diversos lugares, particularmente Sudáfrica, Colombia y Perú, y se concentra en entender el escenario transicional como un dispositivo. Plantea además que dicho escenario implica la reinscripción del Estado sobre sí mismo a través de una serie de prácticas de espacialización, nominación y territorialización, para lo cual trae a colación ejemplos de Colombia. Al final, plantea la necesidad de una agenda de estudios críticos de las transiciones políticas.
Aspirin Reduces the Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Receiving Oral Nucleos(t)ide Analog
Authors: Hui Vicki Wing-Ki , Yip Terry Cheuk-Fung , Wong Vincent Wai-Sun , Tse Yee-Kit , Chan Henry Lik-Yuen , Lui Grace Chung-Yan , Wong Grace Lai-Hung 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Aspirin may reduce the risk of chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients receiving antiviral treatment. We aimed to investigate the impact of aspirin on reducing HCC risk in patients treated with first-line oral nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs; entecavir and/or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate).

METHODS:
We conducted a territorywide, retrospective cohort study in NA-treated CHB patients between 2000 and 2018 from the electronic healthcare data repository in Hong Kong. Subjects were classified into aspirin users for at least 90 days during NA treatment (aspirin group) or no aspirin or any other antiplatelet use during follow-up period (no aspirin group). Incidence rates of HCC and gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in 2 groups with propensity score matching with 1:3 ratio.

RESULTS:
Of 35,111 NA-treated CHB patients of mean age of 53.0 years and 61.6% men, sixty-nine (4.0%) and 1,488 (4.5%) developed HCC at a median (interquartile range) of 2.7 (1.4–4.8) years and 3.2 (1.8–6.0) years in the aspirin group and no aspirin group, respectively. A duration-dependent association between aspirin and the risk of HCC was observed (subhazard ratio [sHR] 3 months–2 years: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–0.92; sHR 2–5 years: 0.63; 95% CI 0.43–0.94; sHR from ≥5 years: 0.41; 95% CI 0.18–0.91). Patients who took aspirin for ≤2 years had significantly higher risk of GIB (sHR: 1.73, 95% CI 1.07–2.79) than those not receiving aspirin. The risk of GIB started declining with the longer use of aspirin and becoming insignificant for ≥5 years' use (sHR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.19–3.21).

DISCUSSION:
Long-term aspirin use is associated with a lower risk of HCC in a duration-dependent manner in NA-treated CHB patients without a significant increase in the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Platelet-rich fibrin: Basics of biological actions and protocol modifications
Authors: Pavlovic Voja , Ciric Milan , Jovanovic Vladimir , Trandafilovic Milena , Stojanovic Predrag 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) represents second generation of platelet concentrates, which has gained increasing awareness in recent years for regenerative procedures. This biologic additive is completely autologous, easy to prepare, has minimal expense, and possesses prolonged growth factor release, together with several other advantages over traditionally prepared platelet concentrates. Since its introduction, various protocols for PRF preparation have been proposed with different amounts of growth factors and other biomolecules necessary for wound healing. However, reference data about potential effect of some PRF components on hard and soft tissue healing are still conflicting. The current article intends to clarify the relevant advances about physiological role of certain PRF components and to provide insight into the new developmental approach. Also, this review summarizes the evolution of platelet concentrates and biologic properties of different modifications of PRF procedure.
Climate field schools to increase farmers’ adaptive capacity to climate change in the southern coastline of Java
Authors: Prayoga Muhamad Khais , Setiawati Mieke Rochimi , Stӧber Silke , Adinata Kustiwa , Rachmadi Meddy , Simarmata Tualar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Demonstration plots (demo plots) have been used as participatory research methods to conduct Climate Field Schools (CFS) with farmers from May to October 2018. CFS aimed at improving the adaptive capacities of the farmers and obtaining appropriate technologies to be adopted in the two villages of Ciganjeng and Rawaapu. The demo plots were set up with a different treatment of organic manure (T1 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost; T2 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost + 10 ton ha−1 of Azolla pinnata; and T3 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost + 2 ton ha−1 of Sesbania rostrata) and different rice varieties. The farmers were fully responsible for the monitoring of the parameters (e.g., plant height, number of tillers, and grain yield). The demo plots results revealed that the application of organic manure T2 has increased the soil C and N content by 64.6 and 40.00%, respectively, and rice yield by 27.8% compared to neighboring plots using inorganic fertilizers. The Mendawak variety at both CFS locations showed better performance compared to the other varieties. Moreover, the capacity of the research farmers involved in the CFS has been increased by 52.74% with a gain factor of 0.42 in Ciganjeng and 41.23% with a gain factor of 0.39 in Rawaapu moderately based on pretest and posttest results. It is concluded from the research process that farmers who built up their capacity on on-farm show a high level of confidence and can convey comprehensive information to other farmers.
The Influence of Mental Fatigue on Sessional Ratings of Perceived Exertion in Elite Open and Closed Skill Sports Athletes
Authors: Coyne Joseph O. C. , Coutts Aaron J. , Newton Robert U. , Haff G. Gregory 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Coyne, JOC, Coutts, AJ, Newton, RU, and Haff, GG. The influence of mental fatigue on sessional ratings of perceived exertion in elite open and closed skill sports athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 963–969, 2021—The main purpose of this investigation was to examine influence of mental fatigue on sessional ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE) over a training week in elite athletes in open skill (OS, i.e., more unpredictable and externally paced sports) and closed skill (CS, i.e., more predictable and internally paced) sports. Visual analogue scales for mental fatigue, sRPE (CR-10 scale), and training duration were collected from an OS group (n = 27) of basketball and volleyball athletes and a CS group (n = 28) of weightlifting and track and field athletes during a typical training week 5 months before the 2016 Olympic Games. These variables were then examined using repeated measure correlations and linear mixed models with the level of significance set for the study at p < 0.05. There was a small significant correlation between mental fatigue and sRPE in the OS group (r = 0.23, p < 0.01), but not in the CS group (r = −0.07, p = 0.38). Mental fatigue had trivial influence on sRPE during individual sessions, but had a moderate effect on total sRPE over a week (p < 0.001, f
2 = 0.265) when accounting for type of sport, training duration, and injury/illness burden. It seems mental fatigue may not significantly influence sRPE in individual training sessions, but may potentially have a cumulative effect that may affect the sRPE over a training week. This suggests monitoring mental fatigue independently of other training load (TL) measures may be worthwhile for strength and conditioning specialists and sports coaches to manage their athletes and researchers conducting studies into TL and performance.