bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large device to device communication network including airborne drones for emergency scenarios
Authors: Grinewitschus Lukas , Almujahed Hamza , Fresia Maria , Mueck Markus , Bruck Guido , Jung Peter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the case of emergency scenarios communication infrastructure might be destroyed, impairing communication abilities in the disaster area. In such situation device‐to‐device (D2D) communication networking plays an essential role to overcome the communication loss. To provide a reliable communication network, D2D devices are combined with airborne drones. The D2D devices provide a relay service while being able to transmit their own data. The airborne drones offer additional relay functionality and provide considerably reduced latency compared with D2D communication networks without any airborne drones. In this article, we will illustrate a large dynamic communication network (LDCN) and demonstrate its feasibility for even more than 64 000 D2D communication devices in the case of realistic channel conditions including path loss and fading. It will be shown that the illustrated LDCN is truly infrastructure‐less, that is, no infrastructure or backbone or base station functionality need to be reinstalled. Therefore, the airborne drones do not take over any coordination services. The illustrated LDCN has a simple packet switching architecture and since all communication is localized it is robust and fully flexible. In addition, no specific radio interface or preferred multiple access scheme such as code division multiple access or time division multiple access are required.
Explicit calculation for the pressure Poisson equation to simulate incompressible fluid flows in a mesh‐free method
Authors: Xu Tibing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, an equation is derived to explicitly solve the pressure Poisson equation (PPE) in the moving particle semiimplicit method. In the derivation, the PPE is discretized by an improved Laplacian model and the incompressible condition is satisfied by establishing a direct relationship between pressure and the known flow information. An improved gradient model is adopted in the method while a repulsive force is used to handle particle clustering. To validate the method, a hydrostatic problem, the impact of two rectangular fluid patches and dam‐breaking flows are simulated. The numerical results are compared with analytical solutions and experimental measurements in terms of free surface, pressure, and velocity. Good agreements in the comparisons are achieved, showing that the method can calculate smooth pressure field and accurate pressure and velocity distributions.
The dynamics of cross‐boundary fire—Financial contagion between the oil and stock markets
Authors: Wang Haiying , Yuan Ying , Wang Tianyang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMotivated by the complex dynamics between the oil and stock markets, this study develops a dynamic Markov regime switching‐copula‐extreme value theory model to quantitatively investigate financial contagion and its characteristics between these two markets. The proposed model is applied to daily returns on crude oil prices and the stock markets in the United States and China over six major extreme downside risk events. We find that financial contagion is shorter, stronger, and more susceptible to extreme downside shocks in the United States than in China. In addition, the COVID‐19 crisis shows the largest financial contagion compared with previous crises.
Data‐driven beamforming technique to attenuate ballistocardiogram artefacts in electroencephalography–functional magnetic resonance imaging without detecting cardiac pulses in electrocardiography recordings
Authors: Uji Makoto , Cross Nathan , Pomares Florence B. , Perrault Aurore A. , Jegou Aude , Nguyen Alex , Aydin Umit , Lina Jean‐Marc , Dang‐Vu Thien Thanh , Grova Christophe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSimultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a very promising non‐invasive neuroimaging technique. However, EEG data obtained from the simultaneous EEG–fMRI are strongly influenced by MRI‐related artefacts, namely gradient artefacts (GA) and ballistocardiogram (BCG) artefacts. When compared to the GA correction, the BCG correction is more challenging to remove due to its inherent variabilities and dynamic changes over time. The standard BCG correction (i.e., average artefact subtraction [AAS]), require detecting cardiac pulses from simultaneous electrocardiography (ECG) recording. However, ECG signals are also distorted and will become problematic for detecting reliable cardiac peaks. In this study, we focused on a beamforming spatial filtering technique to attenuate all unwanted source activities outside of the brain. Specifically, we applied the beamforming technique to attenuate the BCG artefact in EEG–fMRI, and also to recover meaningful task‐based neural signals during an attentional network task (ANT) which required participants to identify visual cues and respond accurately. We analysed EEG–fMRI data in 20 healthy participants during the ANT, and compared four different BCG corrections (non‐BCG corrected, AAS BCG corrected, beamforming + AAS BCG corrected, beamforming BCG corrected). We demonstrated that the beamforming approach did not only significantly reduce the BCG artefacts, but also significantly recovered the expected task‐based brain activity when compared to the standard AAS correction. This data‐driven beamforming technique appears promising especially for longer data acquisition of sleep and resting EEG–fMRI. Our findings extend previous work regarding the recovery of meaningful EEG signals by an optimized suppression of MRI‐related artefacts.
HybraPD atlas: Towards precise subcortical nuclei segmentation using multimodality medical images in patients with Parkinson disease
Authors: Yu Boliang , Li Ling , Guan Xiaojun , Xu Xiaojun , Liu Xueling , Yang Qing , Wei Hongjiang , Zuo Chuantao , Zhang Yuyao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHuman brain atlases are essential for research and surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). For example, deep brain stimulation for PD often requires human brain atlases for brain structure identification. However, few atlases can provide disease‐specific subcortical structures for PD, and most of them are based on T1w and T2w images. In this work, we construct a HybraPD atlas using fused quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and T1w images from 87 patients with PD. The constructed HybraPD atlas provides a series of templates, that is, T1w, GRE magnitude, QSM, R2*, and brain tissue probabilistic maps. Then, we manually delineate a parcellation map with 12 bilateral subcortical nuclei, which are highly related to PD pathology, such as sub‐regions in globus pallidus and substantia nigra. Furthermore, we build a whole‐brain parcellation map by combining existing cortical parcellation and white‐matter segmentation with the proposed subcortical nuclei map. Considering the multimodality of the HybraPD atlas, the segmentation accuracy of each nucleus is evaluated using T1w and QSM templates, respectively. The results show that the HybraPD atlas provides more accurate segmentation than existing atlases. Moreover, we analyze the metabolic difference in subcortical nuclei between PD patients and healthy control subjects by applying the HybraPD atlas to calculate uptake values of contrast agents on positron emission tomography (PET) images. The atlas‐based analysis generates accurate disease‐related brain nuclei segmentation on PET images. The newly developed HybraPD atlas could serve as an efficient template to study brain pathological alterations in subcortical regions for PD research.
Transcriptomics Identify Thrombospondin‐2 as a Biomarker for NASH and Advanced Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Kozumi Kazuhiro , Kodama Takahiro , Murai Hiroki , Sakane Sadatsugu , Govaere Olivier , Cockell Simon , Motooka Daisuke , Kakita Naruyasu , Yamada Yukinori , Kondo Yasuteru , Tahata Yuki , Yamada Ryoko , Hikita Hayato , Sakamori Ryotaro , Kamada Yoshihiro , Daly Ann K. , Anstee Quentin M. , Tatsumi Tomohide , Morii Eiichi , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims
NAFLD is the most common liver disease worldwide. NASH, the progressive form of NAFLD, and advanced fibrosis are associated with poor outcomes. We searched for their noninvasive biomarkers.

Approach and Results
Global RNA sequencing of liver tissue from 98 patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD was performed. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering well distinguished NASH from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and patients with NASH exhibited molecular abnormalities reflecting their pathological features. Transcriptomic analysis identified proteins up‐regulated in NASH and/or advanced fibrosis (stage F3‐F4), including matricellular glycoprotein thrombospondin‐2 (TSP‐2), encoded by the thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) gene. The intrahepatic THBS2 expression level showed the highest areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of 0.915 and 0.957 for diagnosing NASH and advanced fibrosis, respectively. THBS2 positively correlated with inflammation and ballooning according to NAFLD activity score, serum aspartate aminotransferase and hyaluronic acid (HA) levels, and NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS). THBS2 was associated with extracellular matrix and collagen biosynthesis, platelet activation, caspase‐mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins, and immune cell infiltration. Serum TSP‐2 expression was measured in 213 patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD, was significantly higher in NASH than in NAFL, and increased parallel to fibrosis stage. The AUROCs for predicting NASH and advanced fibrosis were 0.776 and 0.856, respectively, which were comparable to Fibrosis‐4 index, serum HA level, and NFS in advanced fibrosis diagnosis. Serum TSP‐2 level and platelet count were independent predictors of NASH and advanced fibrosis. Serum TSP‐2 levels could stratify patients with NAFLD according to the risk of hepatic complications, including liver cancer and decompensated cirrhotic events.

Conclusions
TSP‐2 may be a useful biomarker for NASH and advanced fibrosis diagnosis in patients with NAFLD.
Disrupting the medial prefrontal cortex with designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drug alters hippocampal sharp‐wave ripples and their associated cognitive processes
Authors: Schmidt Brandy , Redish A. David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) interact during a myriad of cognitive processes including decision‐making and long‐term memory consolidation. Exactly how the mPFC and hippocampus interact during goal‐directed decision‐making remains to be fully elucidated. During periods of rest, bursts of high‐frequency oscillations, termed sharp‐wave ripple (SWR), appear in the local field potential. Impairing SWRs on the maze or during post‐learning rest can interfere with memory‐guided decision‐making and memory consolidation. We hypothesize that the hippocampus and mPFC bidirectionally interact during SWRs to support memory consolidation and decision‐making. Rats were trained on the neuroeconomic spatial decision‐making task, Restaurant Row, to make serial stay‐skip decisions where the amount of effort (delay to reward) varied upon entry to each restaurant. Hippocampal cells and SWRs were recorded in rats with the mPFC transduced with inhibitory DREADDs. We found that disrupting the mPFC impaired consolidating SWRs in the hippocampus. Hippocampal SWR rates depended on the internalized value of the reward (derived from individual flavor preferences), a parameter important in decision‐making, and disrupting the mPFC changed this relationship. Additionally, we found a dissociation between SWRs that occurred while rats were on the maze dependent upon whether those SWRs occurred while the rat was anticipating food reward or during post‐reward consumption.
Optimizing CAR T cell therapy in lymphoma
Authors: Qualls David , Salles Gilles 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has significantly improved the outlook for patients with certain types of poor‐risk lymphoma. Despite these advances, a majority of patients undergoing CAR T therapy will suffer progression or relapse of disease, and toxicity remains a concern. Additionally, the patients and disease subtypes that are most likely to benefit from CAR T have yet to be fully defined. Many ongoing trials are exploring novel CAR T approaches to address these concerns. In this review, we highlight some of the primary strategies and relevant studies aimed at improving the utility of CAR T therapy in lymphoma.
Upfront identification of high‐risk follicular lymphoma
Authors: Casulo Carla 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is a common disease with clinically indolent behavior, and a long natural history for the majority of patients. Despite excellent therapeutic strategies currently available for FL, approximately 10%–20% of patients will experience early disease progression, defined as occurring within two years of diagnosis. These patients have poor outcomes, with overall survival at 5 years ranging between 37% and 50%. Much of the biology driving early progression and inferior survival is attributed to early transformation events; however, transformation alone does not account for all the observed clinical heterogeneity and survival differences among patients. Several clinical, genetic, and molecular alterations in FL have been discovered that help define subsets of patients at risk for multiply relapses and refractory disease, and are slowly making their way into risk calculators to be used in daily practice. Additionally, the role of functional imaging with PET scan, as well as circulating and cell free tumor DNA are being evaluated as tools to define high‐risk subsets of patients with FL. This review seeks to provide an over view of current and evolving biomarkers that define high‐risk FL at diagnosis. The goal is for these tools to assist clinicians in integrating these rapidly evolving prognosis models into clinical practice, in the hopes of risk‐stratifying treatments and improving outcomes for patients.
High‐risk follicular lymphoma: Treatment options
Authors: Kahl Brad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in the Western hemisphere. The natural history of FL appears to have been favorably impacted by the introduction of rituximab. Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that the addition of rituximab to standard chemotherapy induction has improved the overall survival. Maintenance rituximab strategies can improve progression‐free survival (PFS). Obinutuzumab was superior to rituximab for PFS in the GALLIUM study, although the benefit was small and required more drug. Chemotherapy platforms have changed in the past decade, as bendamustine combined with rituximab has become commonly utilized frontline strategy in North America and parts of Europe, although there is certainly no one standard treatment. However, several unmet needs remain, including a better ability to identify high‐risk patients at diagnosis, the development of predictive biomarkers for targeted agents, the development of novel combinations, and strategies to reduce the risk of transformation. A multitude of novel therapies are under investigation in both the frontline and relapsed/refractory settings. It will be critical to identify the most appropriate populations for new agents and to develop validated surrogate endpoints, so that novel agents can be tested (and adopted, if appropriate) efficiently.
Recognizing but not harming. Borderline B‐cell lymphoid proliferations
Authors: Quintanilla‐Martinez Leticia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the last years several borderline B‐cell lymphoid proliferations have been recognized that lie at the interface between benign and malignant. These lesions can be divided in two groups; those considered precursor lesions of well recognized lymphoid malignancies and the group of indolent lymphomas with limited potential for progression. Precursor lesions are monoclonal and share many genetic features of their malignant counterpart. The first recognized precursor lesion was monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Thereafter, the widespread use of immunohistochemistry, fluorescence‐activated cell sorting analysis and molecular techniques in lymphoid samples led to the recognition of other precursor lesions such as monoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis, in situ follicular neoplasia and in situ mantle cell neoplasia. The second group of disorders comprises monoclonal lymphoid proliferations with limited malignant potential without a counterpart among the currently recognized lymphoma entities; these include pediatric‐type follicular lymphoma, pediatric nodal marginal zone lymphoma, and duodenal‐type follicular lymphoma. Despite their clonal nature, a conservative treatment has been shown to be sufficient in most cases. The diagnostic criteria of precursor/indolent B‐cell proliferations, recent advances in the understanding of progression and lymphomagenesis and current recommendations for treatment will be discussed. In order to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful therapy, these lesions need to be recognized and diagnosed correctly.
Vulnerabilities in the tumor and microenvironment in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Araujo‐Ayala Ferran , Pérez‐Galán Patricia , Campo Elias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is a paradigm of tumors that require the interaction between tumor and microenvironment cells to foster their development from initial steps to progression. Recent large‐scale genome studies have uncovered multiple genetic alterations of FL that influence the microenvironment in two main directions, promoting tumor cell survival and proliferation and facilitating their evasion from immune antitumor signals. Understanding the crosstalk between tumor B‐cells and the microenvironment will facilitate the identification of vulnerabilities that may offer novel targets for treatment of the patients. This review highlights recent findings showing the effect of common genetic mutations modulating the cell composition of the tumor microenvironment and the novel therapeutic perspectives to target these interactions.
Impact of variation of nanoparticle shape on free convective MHD water‐based flow of Hamilton–Crosser model radiative nanofluids over a permeable surface
Authors: Ratha P. K. , Tripathy R. S. , Mishra S. R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present analysis explores the impact of shape of the nanoparticles on the conducting nanofluids past a porous surface. The electrically conducting fluid possesses enhanced physical properties due to the thermal buoyancy, and the radiative heat energy enhances the thermal properties of the water‐based nanofluid. The suitable choice of a nanoparticle, that is, considering the metal particle like copper (Cu) and oxide particle such as TiO2 in conjunction with the Hamilton–Crosser model thermal conductivity, augments the heat transfer properties. The appropriate transformation of similarity variable and the stream function helps to convert the leading partial differential equations to nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Furthermore, these distorted ODEs are handled by using numerical technique such as Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg along with the shooting technique. The graphical presentation of the profiles of flow phenomena due to the interaction of relevant parameters is deployed for the physical significance, and the comparison of the present investigation shows a good agreement with the earlier results. However, the major outcomes are as follows; backflow occurs near the surface region due to the impermeable surface also increasing shape of the nanoparticle decelerates the fluid temperature and it is useful by considering the spherical shaped nanoparticles for the enhanced heat transfer.
The Long and Winding Road towards FAIR Data as an Integral Component of the Computational Modelling and Dissemination of Chemistry
Authors: Rzepa Henry S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFifty years of the author‘s activities as a “computational chemist” are described, linked by the theme of scientific data. For the first half of this period, data was often handled in a very impoverished way, appearing as in printed form as supporting information or as appendices in e. g. PhD theses and these methods resulted not only in considerable loss of information but caused severe and error‐prone difficulties in the re‐use of the data. The second period charts the explosive growth of the digital information era and describes the author‘s own involvement in developing some of the required infrastructures that are nowadays often taken for granted. This culminates in the present‐day increasing use of data repositories holding FAIR data, which is now firmly regarded as a first‐class citizen of the scientific processes. Many examples of these experiences are included in the essay for the readers to experiment with themselves.
Anabolic actions of PTH in murine models: two decades of insights
Authors: Zweifler Laura E. , Koh Amy J. , Daignault-Newton Stephanie , McCauley Laurie K. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced by the parathyroid glands in response to low serum calcium concentrations where it targets bones, kidneys, and indirectly, intestines. The N-terminus of PTH has been investigated for decades for its ability to stimulate bone formation when administered intermittently (iPTH) and is used clinically as an effective anabolic agent for the treatment of osteoporosis. Despite great interest in iPTH and its clinical use, the mechanisms of PTH action remain complicated and not fully defined. More than 70 gene targets in more than 90 murine models have been utilized to better understand PTH anabolic actions. Because murine studies utilized wild-type mice as positive controls, a variety of variables were analyzed to better understand the optimal conditions under which iPTH functions. The greatest responses to iPTH were in male mice, with treatment starting later than 12 weeks of age, a treatment duration lasting 5–6 weeks, and a PTH dose of 30–60 μg/kg/day. This comprehensive study also evaluated these genetic models relative to the bone formative actions with a primary focus on the trabecular compartment revealing trends in critical genes and gene families relevant for PTH anabolic actions. The summation of these data revealed the gene deletions with the greatest increase in trabecular bone volume in response to iPTH. These included PTH and 1-α-hydroxylase (Pth;1α(OH)ase, 62-fold), amphiregulin (Areg, 15.8-fold), and PTH related protein (Pthrp, 10.2-fold). The deletions with the greatest inhibition of the anabolic response include deletions of: proteoglycan 4 (Prg4, −9.7-fold), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (Lrp6, 1.3-fold), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5, −1.0-fold). Anabolic actions of iPTH were broadly affected via multiple and diverse genes. This data provides critical insight for future research and development, as well as application to human therapeutics. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).