bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kiến Thức, Thái Độ, Cách Xử Trí Sốt Và Mối Liên Quan Về Trình Độ Học Vấn Của Bà Mẹ Có Con Dưới 5 Tuổi Tại Khoa Nhi Bệnh Viện Đa Khoa Tỉnh Quảng Trị
Authors: Hoai Phuong Ho Thi , Khanh Linh Nguyen Thi , Bich Le Thi 
Published: May 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát kiến thức, thái độ, cách xử trí sốt và mối liên quan về trình độ học vấn của bà mẹ có con dưới 5 tuổi tại Khoa Nhi Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Quảng Trị
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang gồm 200 bà mẹ có con dưới 5 tuổi bị sốt đến điều trị tại khoa nhi bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Quảng Trị từ ngày 01/01/2020 đến 31/10/2020
Kết quả: 75% các bà mẹ hiểu chưa đúng về khái niệm của sốt,93.5% các bà mẹ biết về biến chứng của sốt, hầu hết là biến chứng gây co giật cho trẻ. 99.5% các bà mẹ cho rằng sốt ở trẻ là vấn đề cần phải quan tâm. 100% các bà mẹ thực hiện biện pháp hạ sốt cho trẻ ngay khi trẻ sốt. Trình độ học vấn càng cao thì kiến thức và thực hành chăm sóc trẻ sốt càng tốt.Trình độ học vấn từ trung học phổ thông trở lên có kiến thức về sốt và thực hành chăm sóc trẻ sốt tốt hơn nhóm bà mẹ có trình độ học vấn tiểu học và trung học cơ sở.
Kết luận: Cần hướng dẫn bà mẹ chăm sóc trẻ sốt tại bệnh viện, nâng cao vai trò của nhân viên y tế, đặc biệt là các điều dưỡng viên chăm sóc trẻ tại bệnh phòng. Cụ thể hướng dẫn bà mẹ về biện pháp hạ sốt ban đầu cho trẻ, cách dùng thuốc hạ sốt, nuôi dưỡng trẻ khi trẻ sốt.
ENSEÑANZA PARA LA COMPRENSIÓN EN ENTORNOS VIRTUALES DE APRENDIZAJE: LA HERRAMIENTA “FORO” Y LA ETAPA EXPLORATORIA. ESTUDIO DE UN CASO EN UN CURSO DE FISIOLOGÍA HUMANA
Authors: Píriz Giménez Nazira 
Published: May 2021

La Enseñanza para la Comprensión (EPC) entiende a la comprensión como capacidad de desempeño flexible. Propone “desempeños de comprensión” y sugiere la progresión en categorías: - etapa de exploración, - etapa de investigación guiada; y - proyecto final de síntesis. La modalidad Semipresencial de Profesorado en Uruguay, presenta características que la hacen ideal para el trabajo en un marco de EPC. Este trabajo analiza un foro de discusión de Fisiología humana, como instancia para la presentación de un tópico generativo y el trabajo en la etapa de exploración. Los resultados muestran su riqueza para el logro de los objetivos propuestos por la EPC a estos efectos.
PRESENTACIÓN DE ESTE NÚMERO
Authors: RSEUS Editor 
Published: May 2021

Como en ocasiones anteriores tenemos el agrado de presentar el número 4 de RSEUS –Revista Sudamericana de Educación, Universidad y Sociedad- de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de la Empresa, revista arbitrada con frecuencia bienal, que contiene ocho artículos, producto de investigaciones procedentes de distintos ámbitos universitarios tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, y una reseña sobre un libro publicado de forma reciente. Todos los artículos aquí publicados han pasado por un riguroso sistema de arbitraje lo cual nos permiten continuar haciendo posible la publicación de artículos de calidad científica de actualidad.
LA EDUCACIÓN DE CAMPO EN LAS TESIS SOBRE EDUCACIÓN DE BRASIL: RELEVAMIENTO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN 2013-2014
Authors: Lopes da Silva Santos Maria da Conceição , Molinari de Rennie Cecilia 
Published: May 2021

El propósito de este artículo es identificar espacios para la investigación académica sobre educación de campo en Brasil. Para ello se relevaron las tesis de maestría y doctorado producidas en universidades brasileñas y publicadas en la base BDTD entre 2013 y 2014, encontrando 32 tesis que tratan distintos aspectos de la educación de campo. Estos trabajos fueron sistematizados y clasificados en tres categorías, según el tema, la región geográfica donde se realizó el trabajo de campo y los actores investigados. Se encontró una distribución temática relativamente homogénea en dos temas: políticas de educación rural y pedagogías de educación de campo. Geográficamente, la producción de tesis sobre educación de campo se concentra en la región Sudeste, mientras que en el período 2013-2014 no hay tesis cuyo trabajo de campo se desarrolle en la región Noroeste. En cuanto a los actores investigados, encontramos una distribución sumamente heterogénea, con un énfasis en la figura del docente, siendo los estudiantes de las escuelas de campo los actores menos investigados. Sumando nuestro aporte a trabajos anteriores, esperamos contribuirá a futuras investigaciones en el marco de los esfuerzos tendientes a promover una educación de campo emancipadora que atienda a las necesidades y expectativas de los hombres y mujeres que habitan las vastas extensiones rurales de Brasil, así como a otras propuestas orientadas a la educación rural en otras regiones de América Latina.
Herd clustering strategies and corresponding genetic evaluations based on social–ecological characteristics for a local endangered cattle breed
Authors: Herold Jonas , Brügemann Kerstin , König Sven 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The accuracy of breeding values strongly depends on the
population and herd structure, i.e., the number of animals considered in
genetic evaluations and the size of contemporary groups (CGs). Local breeds
are usually kept in small-sized family farms under alternative husbandry
conditions. For such herd structure, consideration of classical herd or
herd-test-day effects in CG modeling approaches implies only a few records
per effect level. In consequence, the present study aimed on methodological
evaluations of different herd clustering strategies, considering
social–ecological and herd characteristics. In this regard, we considered 19 herds keeping cows from the small local population of German Black Pied cattle (Deutsches Schwarzbuntes Niederungsrind; DSN), 10 herds
keeping Holstein Friesian (HF) cows and one mixed herd with HF and DSN
cows. Herds were characterized for 106 variables, reflecting farm
conditions, husbandry practices, feeding regime, herd management, herd
fertility status, herd health status and breeding strategies as well as
social–ecological descriptors. The variables were input data for different
clustering approaches including agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC),
partition around medoids (PAM), fuzzy clustering (FZC) and a clustering of
variables combined with agglomerative hierarchical clustering (CoVAHC). The
evaluation criterion was the average silhouette width (ASW), suggesting a
CoVAHC application and consideration of four herd clusters (HCs) for herd
allocation (ASW of 0.510). HC1 comprised the larger, half organic and half
conventional DSN family farms, which generate their main income from milk
production. HC2 consisted of small organic DSN family farms where cows are
kept in tie stables. HC3 included the DSN sub-population from former East
Germany, reflecting the large-scale farm types. The specialized HF herds
were well separated and allocated to HC4. Generalized linear mixed models
with appropriate link functions were applied to compare test-day and female
fertility traits of 5538 cows (2341 DSN and 3197 HF) from the first three
lactations among the four HCs. Least squares means for milk, fat and protein
yield (Mkg, Fkg and Pkg) significantly differed between HC. The significant
differences among the four HCs clearly indicate the influence of varying herd
conditions on cow traits. The similarities of herds within HC suggested the
application of HCs in statistical models for genetic evaluations for DSN. In
this regard, we found an increase of accuracies of estimated breeding values
of cows and sires and of heritabilities for milk yield when applying models
with herd-cluster-test-day or herd-cluster-test-month effects compared to
classical herd-test-day models. The identified increase for the number of
cows and cow records in CG due to HC effects may be the major explanation
for the identified superiority.
Uncertainties in eddy covariance air–sea CO2 flux measurements and implications for gas transfer velocity parameterisations
Authors: Dong Yuanxu , Yang Mingxi , Bakker Dorothee C. E. , Kitidis Vassilis , Bell Thomas G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Air–sea carbon dioxide (CO2) flux is often indirectly estimated by the bulk method using the air–sea difference in CO2
fugacity (ΔfCO2) and a parameterisation of the gas transfer velocity (K). Direct flux measurements by eddy covariance (EC)
provide an independent reference for bulk flux estimates and are often used to study processes that drive K. However, inherent uncertainties in EC
air–sea CO2 flux measurements from ships have not been well quantified and may confound analyses of K. This paper evaluates the
uncertainties in EC CO2 fluxes from four cruises. Fluxes were measured with two state-of-the-art closed-path CO2 analysers on
two ships. The mean bias in the EC CO2 flux is low, but the random error is relatively large over short timescales. The uncertainty (1
standard deviation) in hourly averaged EC air–sea CO2 fluxes (cruise mean) ranges from 1.4 to 3.2 mmolm-2d-1. This
corresponds to a relative uncertainty of ∼ 20 % during two Arctic cruises that observed large CO2 flux magnitude. The relative
uncertainty was greater (∼ 50 %) when the CO2 flux magnitude was small during two Atlantic cruises. Random uncertainty in the EC
CO2 flux is mostly caused by sampling error. Instrument noise is relatively unimportant. Random uncertainty in EC CO2 fluxes can
be reduced by averaging for longer. However, averaging for too long will result in the inclusion of more natural variability. Auto-covariance
analysis of CO2 fluxes suggests that the optimal timescale for averaging EC CO2 flux measurements ranges from 1 to 3 h, which
increases the mean signal-to-noise ratio of the four cruises to higher than 3. Applying an appropriate averaging timescale and suitable ΔfCO2 threshold (20 µatm) to EC flux data enables an optimal analysis of K.
Comprehensive bathymetry and intertidal topography of the Amazon estuary
Authors: Fassoni-Andrade Alice César , Durand Fabien , Moreira Daniel , Azevedo Alberto , dos Santos Valdenira Ferreira , Funi Claudia , Laraque Alain 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The characterization of estuarine hydrodynamics primarily
depends on knowledge of the bathymetry and topography. Here, we present the
first comprehensive, high-resolution dataset of the topography and
bathymetry of the Amazon River estuary, the world's largest estuary. Our
product is based on an innovative approach combining spaceborne remote
sensing data, an extensive and processed river depth dataset, and auxiliary
data. Our goal with this mapping is to promote the database usage in studies
that require this information, such as hydrodynamic modeling or
geomorphological assessments. Our twofold approach considered 500 000
sounding points digitized from 19 nautical charts for bathymetry estimation,
in conjunction with a state-of-the-art topographic dataset based on remote
sensing, encompassing intertidal flats, riverbanks, and adjacent
floodplains. Finally, our estimate can be accessed in a unified 30 m
resolution regular grid referenced to the Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM08), complemented both landward and
seaward by land (Multi-Error-Removed
Improved-Terrain digital elevation model, MERIT DEM) and ocean (General
Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans version 2020, GEBCO_2020) topographic data.
Extensive validation against independent and spatially distributed data,
from an airborne lidar survey, from ICESat-2 altimetric satellite data, and
from various in situ surveys, shows a typical vertical accuracy of
7.2 m (riverbed) and 1.2 m (non-vegetated intertidal floodplains). The
dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17632/3g6b5ynrdb.2 (Fassoni-Andrade et al., 2021).
Technical note: Evaluation and bias correction of an observation-based global runoff dataset using streamflow observations from small tropical catchments in the Philippines
Authors: Ibarra Daniel E. , David Carlos Primo C. , Tolentino Pamela Louise M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Even in relatively wet tropical regions, seasonal fluctuations in the water
cycle affect the consistent and reliable supply of water for urban,
industrial, and agricultural uses. Historic streamflow monitoring datasets
are crucial in assessing our ability to model and subsequently plan for
future hydrologic changes. In this technical note, we evaluate a new
observation-based global product of monthly runoff (GRUN; Ghiggi et al.,
2019) for 55 small tropical catchments in the Philippines with at least 10 years of data, extending back to 1946 in some cases. Since GRUN did not use discharge data from the Philippines to train or calibrate their models, the data presented in this study, 11 915 monthly data points, provide an
independent evaluation of this product. We demonstrate across all
observations a significant but weak correlation (r2=0.372) between
the GRUN-predicted values and observed river discharge, as well as somewhat skillful prediction (volumetric efficiency = 0.363 and log(Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency) = 0.453). GRUN performs best among catchments located in climate types III (no pronounced maximum rainfall with short dry season) and IV (evenly distributed rainfall, no dry season). There was a weak negative correlation between volumetric efficiency and catchment area, and there was a positive correlation between volumetric efficiency and mean observed runoff. Further, analysis for individual rivers demonstrates systematic biases (over- and underestimation) of baseflow during the dry season and underprediction of peak flow during some wet months for most catchments. To correct for underprediction during wet months, we applied a log-transform bias correction which greatly improves the nationwide root mean square error between GRUN and the observations by an order of magnitude (2.648 mm d−1 vs. 0.292 mm d−1). This technical note demonstrates the importance of performing such corrections when determining the proportional contribution of smaller catchments or tropical islands such as the Philippines to global tabulations of discharge. These results also demonstrate the potential use of GRUN and future data products of this nature after consideration and correction of systematic biases to (1) assess trends in regional-scale runoff over the past century, (2) validate hydrologic models for unmonitored catchments in the Philippines, and (3) assess the impact of hydrometeorological phenomena to seasonal water supply in this wet but drought-prone archipelago.
Robotic-arm–assisted Knee Arthroplasty Associated With Favorable In-hospital Metrics and Exponentially Rising Adoption Compared With Manual Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Emara Ahmed K. , Zhou Guangjin , Klika Alison K. , Koroukian Siran M. , Schiltz Nicholas K. , Krebs Viktor E. , Molloy Robert M. , Piuzzi Nicolas S. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Technology-assisted knee arthroplasty (KA), including robotic-arm-assisted knee arthroplasty (RA-KA) and computer-assisted (CA-KA) knee arthroplasty, was developed to improve surgical accuracy of implant positioning and alignment, which may influence implant stability, longevity, and functional outcomes. However, despite increased adoption over the past decade; its value is still to be determined.

Questions/Purpose:
This study aimed to compare robotic-arm (RA)-KA, CA-KA, and manual (M)-KA regarding (1) in-hospital metrics (length of stay [LOS], discharge disposition, in-hospital complications, and hospitalization-episode costs), (2) characterize annual utilization trends, and (3) future RA-KA and CA-KA utilization projections.

Methods:
National Inpatient Sample was queried for primary KAs (unicompartmental/total; 2008 to 2018). KAs were classified by modality (M-KA/CA-KA/RA-KA) using International Classification of Disease-9/10 codes. A propensity score-matched comparison of LOS, discharge disposition, in-hospital complications (implant-related mechanical or procedure-related nonmechanical complications), and costs was conducted. Trends and projected utilization rates were estimated.

Results:
After propensity score matched to their respective M-KA cohorts, RA-KA and CA-KA exhibited shorter LOS (RA-KA versus M-KA: 2.0 ± 1.4 days versus 2.5 ± 1.8 days; P < 0.001; CA-KA versus M-KA: 2.7 ± 1.4 days versus 2.9 ± 1.6 days; P < 0.001) and in-hospital implant-related mechanical complications (P < 0.05, each). RA-KA demonstrated lower nonhome discharge (P < 0.001) and in-hospital procedure-related nonmechanical complications (P = 0.005). RA-KA had lower in-hospital costs ($16,881 ± 7,085 versus $17,320 ± 12,820; P < 0.001), whereas CA-KA exhibited higher costs ($18,411 ± 7,783 versus $17,716 ± 8,451; P < 0.001). RA-KA utilization increased from <0.1% in 2008 to 4.3% in 2018. CA-KA utilization rose temporarily to 6.2% in 2014, then declined to pre-2010 levels in 2018 (4.5%). Projections indicate that RA-KA and CA-KA will represent 49.9% (95% confidence interval, 41.1 to 59.9) and 6.2% (95% confidence interval, 5.3% to 7.2%) of KAs by 2030.

Discussion:
RA-KA may provide value through improving in-hospital metrics and mitigating net costs. Similar advantages may not be reliably attainable with CA-RA. Because RA-KA is projected to reach half of all knee arthroplasties done in the United States by 2030, further cost analyses and long-term studies are warranted.
Molecular Diagnostics of Adult Gliomas in Neuropathological Practice
Authors: Brandner Sebastian 
Published: May 2021

<p>This review focuses on adult gliomas, highlighting the most relevant biomarkers in the diagnosis of these tumours and the use of DNA methylation arrays to complement conventional molecular diagnostic techniques. The discovery and characterisation of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in brain tumours has significantly changed the neuropathological landscape over the last decade. These include mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes in astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, histone H3 K27M mutations in midline gliomas, or BRAF mutations in a range of low-grade and high-grade glial and glioneuronal tumours. Other biomarkers of relevance are mutations in the TERT promoter, the ATRX gene, and genomic alterations such as 1p/19q codeletion, EGFR amplification, and chromosome 7 gain and 10 loss. The development of DNA methylation profiling and algorithmic classification of brain tumours has further enhanced the diagnostic abilities of neuropathologists. Methylation profiling is particularly useful for the diagnostic workup of biopsies with an inconclusive molecular test results, small samples, or samples with indistinctive low-grade or high-grade histology. This technology has become indispensable for the risk stratification of ependymal tumours, medulloblastomas and meningiomas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. This review highlights the importance of an integrated approach to brain tumour diagnostics and gives a balanced view of the relevance and choice of conventional and molecular techniques in the workup of adult gliomas in diagnostic neuropathology practice.</p><div> </div>
¿Perciben los hablantes de español como lengua extranjera la lengua emocional igual que los nativos?
Authors: Masid Blanco Ocarina , Pérez Serrano Mercedes , Martín Leralta Susana 
Published: May 2021

La valencia (cómo de positivo o negativo resulta un estímulo) y la activación (intensidad con la que se recibe un estímulo) se han reconocido como los dos ejes principales que articulan el componente afectivo. Por otro lado, se sabe que la lengua de la emoción es altamente figurativa y que la carga emocional que tienen las palabras en la L1 frente a la que tienen en las lenguas que se aprenden después no es la misma. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el objetivo de este estudio es comparar la forma en que perciben los hablantes nativos y no nativos la lengua emocional en términos de valencia y activación, de cara a determinar si existen diferencias entre la lengua figurativa y la literal. Para ello se encuestó a un total de 62 informantes (usuarios de español como L1 y sinohablantes usuarios de español como LX) acerca de su percepción de palabras en sentido literal y sus equivalentes figurados. Nuestros resultados muestran que los ítems figurados generan más activación que los literales en ambos grupos y que la activación ante los estímulos es más alta en L1. Los resultados contribuyen a la investigación abierta sobre la expresión de las emociones en relación con el aprendizaje de una nueva lengua y la aculturación emocional.
dxpr: an R package for generating analysis-ready data from electronic health records—diagnoses and procedures
Authors: Tseng Yi-Ju , Chiu Hsiang-Ju , Chen Chun Ju 
Published: May 2021

Background
Enriched electronic health records (EHRs) contain crucial information related to disease progression, and this information can help with decision-making in the health care field. Data analytics in health care is deemed as one of the essential processes that help accelerate the progress of clinical research. However, processing and analyzing EHR data are common bottlenecks in health care data analytics.

Methods
The dxpr R package provides mechanisms for integration, wrangling, and visualization of clinical data, including diagnosis and procedure records. First, the dxpr package helps users transform International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes to a uniform format. After code format transformation, the dxpr package supports four strategies for grouping clinical diagnostic data. For clinical procedure data, two grouping methods can be chosen. After EHRs are integrated, users can employ a set of flexible built-in querying functions for dividing data into case and control groups by using specified criteria and splitting the data into before and after an event based on the record date. Subsequently, the structure of integrated long data can be converted into wide, analysis-ready data that are suitable for statistical analysis and visualization.

Results
We conducted comorbidity data processes based on a cohort of newborns from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (n = 7,833) by using the dxpr package. We first defined patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) cases as patients who had at least one PDA diagnosis (ICD, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] 7470*). Controls were defined as patients who never had PDA diagnosis. In total, 381 and 7,452 patients with and without PDA, respectively, were included in our study population. Then, we grouped the diagnoses into defined comorbidities. Finally, we observed a statistically significant difference in 8 of the 16 comorbidities among patients with and without PDA, including fluid and electrolyte disorders, valvular disease, and others.

Conclusions
This dxpr package helps clinical data analysts address the common bottleneck caused by clinical data characteristics such as heterogeneity and sparseness.
Effects of zopiclone on quality of life in insomnia
Authors: Hindmarch I 
Published: July 2002

SummaryAll of the components of quality of life can be altered in insomniacs because of sleep disorders themselves but theoretically also in consequence to side effects from hypnotic agents. The presented international study, carried out with a multicentre, randomised and double-blind design, investigated zopiclone effects on quality of life in insomniac patients as compared to placebo. A total of 458 patients completed the study, 231 receiving zopiclone 7.5 mg and 227 receiving placebo, with mean treatment durations of 48 and 44 days. Sleep parameters and quality of life, measured with extensive and validated scales, were assessed at baseline and at 14, 28 and 56 days after admission. Zopiclone showed hypnotic efficacy and significantly greater improvement of quality of life as compared to placebo, both at 14 days and at endpoint.