bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA RECIENTE EXPERIENCIA EN LA CAPV: CÓDIGO ÉTICO Y COMISIÓN ÉTICA PÚBLICA
Authors: PÉREZ VERA ELISA 
Published: April 2021

El artículo presenta la experiencia de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco en materia de lucha contra la corrupción en el sector público. Se exponen inicialmente los instrumentos a los que se puede recurrir, haciendo hincapié en medidas como los Códigos Éticos y los Códigos de Conducta. A continuación y para fijar el estado de la cuestión en el País Vasco, se analiza el Código Ético y de conducta empleado en el Gobierno Vasco, así como el funcionamiento y la actividad de la Comisión de Ética Pública en los que también se tiene en cuenta la Ley 1/2014, de 26 de junio, reguladora del Código de conducta y de los conflictos de intereses de los cargos públicos.
Artikulu honetan, aditzera ematen zaigu zer nolako esperientzia izan duen Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoak sektore publikoko ustelkeriaren aurkako borrokan. Hasieran, borroka horretan zer tresna erabil daitezkeen adierazten da, eta zenbait neurri azpimarratzen dira: besteak beste, Etika Kodeak eta Jokabide Kodeak. Jarraian, Euskal Herriko egoera zein den zehazte aldera, Eusko Jaurlaritzan erabiltzen den Etika eta Jokabide Kodea aztertzen da, baita Etika Publikorako Batzordearen funtzionamendua eta jarduna ere. Horietan guztietan, kontuan izan da ekainaren 26ko 1/2014 Legea, Kargu Publikodunen Jokabide Kodea eta haien Interes Gatazkak arautzen dituena.
The article presents the experience of the Basque Country in the fight against corruption in the public sector. The instruments that can be used are initially described, emphasizing measures such as codes of ethics and codes of conduct. Next and to set the state of affairs in the Basque Country, the Ethics and Conduct Code used in the Basque Government is discussed, as well as the operation and activities of the Commission on Public Ethics, which also takes into account Act 1/2014, that regulates the code of conduct and conflict of interest of persons holding a public office.
Effects of Alkaline Zinc Bath Formulations on Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Electrogalvanized Coatings
Authors: Wanotayan Thanyalux , Chookajorn Tongjai , Sattawitchayapit Sirikarn , Khamsuk Piya , Saengkiettiyut Kanokwan , Pålsson Namurata Sathirachinda , Metzner Martin , Pongsaksawad Wanida , Boonyongmaneerat Yuttanant 
Published: April 2021

The effects of alkaline noncyanide zinc plating bath formulation on the plating characteristics and deposit properties are investigated. Scanning electron microscope and x-ray diffractometer are used to study the surface morphology and texture of the zinc deposits, respectively. Uniform and compact coatings with a dominant (110) texture are obtained for all of the bath formulations. Nevertheless, significant differences in surface morphology and relative preferences for the (110) and (100) planes were found to result from the concentrations of zinc and sodium hydroxide in the bath. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization scan were used to evaluate the corrosion resistance. The coatings with a moderate Zn (8 g/L to 11 g/L) and controlled NaOH (120 g/L) contents show good corrosion resistance, with the corrosion current and corrosion rate being the lowest at 8 g/L of Zn and 120 g/L of NaOH. The ratios of texture coefficient, morphology, and compressive residual stress from different bath composition contribute to the corrosion-resistant property. The findings from this work should provide useful information regarding electrogalvanized zinc coatings with enhanced corrosion resistance.
Intra-articular long head of the biceps tendon: magnetic resonance-arthrography classification and review of literature
Authors: Tarallo Nicola , C. Morgano Maria , Curti Marco , Spanò Emanuela , Castagna Alessandro , Genovese Eugenio A. 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionAnatomical variants of the long head of the biceps (LHB) and diseases of the rotator interval structures may contribute to shoulder instability. The rotator interval and the LHB tendon are closely associated anatomic structures that confer stability to the shoulder. Anatomical variants around the origins of the long head of the biceps (LHB) are reported to occur with a frequency of 1.9-7.4%. In the past years, many authors have proposed different approaches for the identification and characterization of LHB and rotators interval. Magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography is considered the reference standard in imaging to diagnose superior shoulder diseases. However, few authors have analysed the anatomical variants and the relation between those and shoulder instability. This study aimed to identify the frequency of variants observed during arthroscopic shoulder surgeries, and to classify them based on the Dierickx classification system.Material and methodsIn 326 MR arthrograms we investigated the incidence of LHB anatomical variations and their association with shoulder diseases.ResultsWe found 252/326 (77.3%) cases of LHB free, 40/326(12.26%) cases of LHB adherent, 31/326(9.50%) cases
of mesotenon, and 3/326(0.9%) cases of split biceps. The prevalence of rotator interval synovitis in the mesotenon group was greater than in the LHB-free group. Moreover, in the LHB-adherent group we observed increased incidence of sublabral recess and SLAP lesions compared with the LHB-free group.ConclusionsMR-arthrography is useful in the evaluation of superior shoulder structures. A relationship exists between LHB anomalies and superior shoulder instability.
Elastography: a surrogate marker of renal allograft fibrosis – quantification by shear-wave technique
Authors: Chhajer Gulab , Kasi Arunachalam Venkatesh , Ramasamy Rajkumar , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionRenal fibrosis is the most common cause of allograft failure in kidney transplantations. Evaluation of renal abnormalities has progressed considerably over the past years. Currently, the diagnosis of intrarenal fibrosis and quantification of its development with non-invasive assessment tools is possible. This may help in early detection of renal allograft dysfunction. This study sought to assess the efficacy of 2D real-time shear-wave elastography (SWE) in the quantitative measurement of renal allograft dysfunction.Material and methodsA total of 172 patients were included in our study. SWE was performed in all these patients just before renal allograft biopsy. The cortical elasticity was assessed and described in terms of Young’s modulus (kPa). Banff histopathological grading obtained from transplant kidney tissue biopsy was taken as the reference standard. The potential correlation between SWE scores and Banff classification was performed.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between the Banff grade and mean SWE score, with a correlation coefficient of 0.665 (p < 0.001). The individual correlation coefficients of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy with mean SWE score stood at 0.667 and 0.649 respectively (p < 0.001). The correlation of resistive indices was insignificant when compared to mean polar SWE score in respective poles and the Banff grading of fibrosis.ConclusionsRenal stiffness quantified by 2D SWE showed significant correlation with histopathological renal fibrosis. Thus, the study suggests that shear-wave elastography could be used as a surrogate marker for early detection of renal fibrosis.
The effectiveness of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography
and magnetic resonance imaging in dense breasts
Authors: Rudnicki Wojciech , Piegza Tomasz , Rozum-Liszewska Natalia , Górski Mateusz , J. Popiela Tadeusz , Basta Pawel , Heinze Sylwia , Luczynska Elzbieta 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionBreast cancer is the most common cause of death from neoplastic disease in women. Among all breast anatomy types, glandular type is the most problematic concerning evaluation. While digital mammography still remains the basic diagnostic tool, one must be aware of its limitations in dense breasts. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has greatly improved sensitivity, its specificity is low. Moreover, there are contraindications for MRI for some patients, so a substitute has been searched for. This study was performed to check if contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) can be a viable option for patients with dense breasts.Material and methodsThe study involved 121 patients with abnormalities detected on base-line diagnostic imaging (ultrasound or mammography). The patients had subsequent examinations, both CESM and MRI performed within a maximum 2-month time interval. The sensitivity and specificity of both methods in the whole group as well as in specific breast structure types were measured and compared.ResultsContrast enhancement was visible in all 121 cases on MRI, while on CESM lack of enhancement was noted in 13 cases. All of those 13 lesions turned out to be benign. There were 40 (33%) benign and 81 (69%) malignant tumours. The analysed group included 53 (44%) glandular type breast patients, 39 (32%) mixed type, and 29 (23%) fatty type. Although MRI proved to be slightly more effective in dense breasts, both methods showed similar results in the whole study group.ConclusionsCESM can be used with confidence in patients with glandular breast type when MRI is not available or there are reported contraindications to MRI.
Política de Dividendos e Períodos de Recessão: Evidências no Mercado de Capitais Brasileiro
Authors: Martucheli Camila Teresa , Ribeiro João Eduardo , Silva Eduardo Amat , Souza Antônio Artur de , Pinheiro Juliano Lima 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Observar o comportamento da distribuição de dividendos das empresas listadas na B3, comparando os períodos de expansão e de recessão na economia brasileira.Método: Foram realizados dois modelos de dados em painel, o qual contaram com o índice payout e com o índice dividend yield como variáveis dependentes e uma dummy classificada como 1, para os anos em que houve recessão econômica e 0 para os anos em que houve ascensão econômica, como variável independente. Além disso, foram acrescentadas ao modelo, as variáveis de controle alavancagem financeira, tamanho e o lucro por ação.Originalidade: O estudo abordou a distribuição de dividendos de acordo com o ciclo da economia brasileira, o que torna a pesquisa original, uma vez que não foram encontrados estudos semelhantes.Resultados: Independentemente da proxy de distribuição de dividendos utilizada, as empresas aumentam a distribuição de dividendos em períodos de recessão, quando há maior incerteza no mercado. No que tange às variáveis de controle, para o modelo estimado utilizando a proxy índice payout, apenas a alavancagem financeira não se mostrou significante, enquanto o tamanho e o lucro por ação foram positivamente significantes. No modelo que tem a proxy dividend yield como variável dependente, o lucro por ação não se mostrou significante, ao passo que a alavancagem financeira e o tamanho se mostraram negativamente correlacionadas ao dividend yield. Contribuições: Identificação do aspecto economômico na política de dividendos das empresas brasileiras e na criação de valor para os acionistas em períodos de recessão econômica.
город как организм
Authors: Григорьева Елена 
Published: April 2021

Реставраторы говорят, что со временем произведения искусства, картины, статуи приобретают свойства организма. А что же город? В своих профессиональных дискуссиях мы часто используем метафору «город – организм», и для этого есть основания. По своей сложности, многообразию и системной цельности тонкие городские взаимосвязи вполне сравнимы с живым организмом. Транспорт и инженерные сети – чем не лимфа и кровеносные сосуды? Легкие города – рекреации. Исторический центр – сердце города, об операции на котором говорил Марк Меерович (ПБ №50, с. 75), и именно сейчас это главный дискурс Иркутска. А у Парижа даже чрево было – рынок Ле Аль, переделанный в ХХ веке в магазин (и многие, в частности Бернар Чуми, считают, что эта операция была ошибкой).
Gap-free global annual soil moisture: 15 km grids for 1991–2018
Authors: Guevara Mario , Taufer Michela , Vargas Rodrigo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Soil moisture is key for understanding
soil–plant–atmosphere interactions. We provide a soil moisture pattern
recognition framework to increase the spatial resolution and fill gaps of
the ESA-CCI (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative v4.5) soil
moisture dataset, which contains > 40 years of satellite soil
moisture global grids with a spatial resolution of ∼ 27 km. We
use terrain parameters coupled with bioclimatic and soil type information to
predict finer-grained (i.e., downscaled) satellite soil moisture. We assess
the impact of terrain parameters on the prediction accuracy by
cross-validating downscaled soil moisture with and without the support of
bioclimatic and soil type information. The outcome is a dataset of gap-free
global mean annual soil moisture predictions and associated prediction
variances for 28 years (1991–2018) across 15 km grids. We use independent in situ
records from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN, 987 stations)
and in situ precipitation records (171 additional stations) only for evaluating the
new dataset. Cross-validated correlation between observed and predicted soil
moisture values varies from r= 0.69 to r= 0.87 with root mean squared
errors (RMSEs, m3 m−3) around 0.03 and 0.04. Our soil moisture
predictions improve (a) the correlation with the ISMN (when compared with
the original ESA-CCI dataset) from r= 0.30 (RMSE = 0.09, unbiased RMSE (ubRMSE) = 0.37) to
r= 0.66 (RMSE = 0.05, ubRMSE = 0.18) and (b) the correlation with local precipitation records across boreal (from r= < 0.3 up to r= 0.49) or
tropical areas (from r= < 0.3 to r= 0.46) which are currently
poorly represented in the ISMN. Temporal trends show a decline of global
annual soil moisture using (a) data from the ISMN (-1.5[-1.8,-1.24] %),
(b) associated locations from the original ESA-CCI dataset (-0.87[-1.54,-0.17] %), (c) associated locations from predictions based on terrain
parameters (-0.85[-1.01,-0.49] %), and (d) associated locations from
predictions including bioclimatic and soil type information (-0.68[-0.91,-0.45] %). We provide a new soil moisture dataset that has no gaps and
higher granularity together with validation methods and a modeling approach
that can be applied worldwide (Guevara et al., 2020,
https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.9f981ae4e68b4f529cdd7a5c9013e27e).
Sustainability in Career Development: The Impact of Career Development Culture and Career Support of Senior Management on Career Satisfaction
Authors: Wickramaratne Widana Pathiranage Richard 
Published: April 2021

The study examined whether career development culture and career support of senior management impact employee career satisfaction. This study validated two new questionnaires: career development culture and career support of senior management. Based on the extended model of social cognitive career theory, the study proposed that these two variables positively impact on employee career satisfaction. Private sector employees (N=196) representing a range of manufacturing and service sector firms from the private sector in Sri Lanka participated in a survey. It is found that, career development culture and the career support of senior management positively impact on career satisfaction. The current findings provide implications to the extended model of social cognitive career theory by testing the hypothesized relationships with a cross sectional study. The current findings propose that an organization should develop a career development culture and the senior management should support employees’ career development in such a way that increases their career satisfaction. The study is subject to common method and common source bias, since this is a cross sectional study with a survey. Future research could be conducted with the representation of broader category of employees and industries, which promotes the generalizability of findings.
A transgressão da moral e dos bons costumes femininos na década de 1960: “Leila Diniz: &$£7!"
Authors: Fonseca Barbara 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca discutir o tema da transgressão da moral e dos bons costumes femininos na década de 1960 no Brasil a partir da famosa entrevista de Leila Diniz concedida ao jornal O Pasquim, edição nº22, de 20 a 26 de novembro de 1969. Ao analisar as falas da atriz destacamos os comportamentos divergentes aos que seriam considerados normativos para as mulheres na época. Leila Diniz se posicionou a favor do amor livre, da liberdade sexual, falava palavrões e, dessa maneira, expôs o que muitas vezes era feito em segredo e que as mulheres não podiam expressar em público, muito menos na imprensa. Ao ser inconformista e transgressora, Leila Diniz abriu caminho para outras mulheres encontrarem suas liberdades.
Pathology of Granulomatous Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: Rosen Yale 
Published: April 2021

Context.—
Because granulomas are represented in almost every disease category, the number of clinically and pathologically important granulomatous pulmonary diseases is large. Their diagnosis by pathologists is particularly challenging because of their nonspecificity. A specific diagnosis can be achieved only when a granuloma-inciting agent(s) (eg, acid-fast bacilli, fungi, foreign bodies, etc) are identified microscopically or by culture; this does not occur in most cases. Furthermore, a specific diagnosis cannot be reached in a high percentage of cases. Although sarcoidosis and infectious diseases account for approximately half of pulmonary granulomatous diseases worldwide, there is significant geographic variation in their prevalence.

Objectives.—
To present updated information to serve as a guide to pathologic diagnosis of pulmonary granulomatous diseases, to address some commonly held misconceptions and to stress the importance of multidisciplinary coordination. Presentation of basic aspects of granulomas is followed by discussion of specific disease entities, such as tuberculous and nontuberculous Mycobacterial infections, fungal, bacterial, and parasitic infections, sarcoidosis, necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis, berylliosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, hot tub lung, rheumatoid nodule, bronchocentric granulomatosis, aspirated, inhaled, and embolized foreign bodies, drug-induced granulomas, chronic granulomatous disease, common variable immunodeficiency, and granulomatous lesions associated with various types of cancer.

Data Sources.—
Review of pertinent medical literature using the PubMed search engine and the author's practical experience.

Conclusions.—
Although the diagnosis of granulomatous lung diseases continues to present significant challenges to pathologists, the information presented in this review can be helpful in overcoming them. The importance of multidisciplinary coordination in cases where morphologic diagnosis is not possible cannot be overstated.
A educação ambiental na teoria educativa Freireana
Authors: Cruz Claudete Da , Battestin Cláudia , Ghiggi Gomercindo 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem objetivo de apresentar contribuições da teoria educativa freireana para pensar o processo de formação de professores e a prática da transversalidade no âmbito da educação ambiental. Para tanto tem como referencial teórico, a teoria educativa de Paulo Freire, embora ele não tenha escrito diretamente sobre a temática, educação ambiental, é possível identificar na sua obra elementos que servem como instrumentos conceituais para pensar a educação ambiental numa perspectiva crítica na atualidade.
Crise ambiental, ensino de biologia e educação ambiental: uma abordagem crítica
Authors: Avila Adriana Maria , Lingnau Rodrigo 
Published: April 2021

Em meio o cenário delineado pela problemática ambiental, que se manifesta através da destruição sem precedentes dos recursos naturais, dos altos indices de poluição que vem causando grandes males à saúde humana, a escassez de alimentos, o aumento das desigualdades sociais, entre tantos outros efeitos catastróficos da problemática ambiental; as ciências sociais têm desempenhado um papel importante na coscientização dos efeitos maléficos de determinados comportamentos humanos relacionados ao meio ambiente. Esse artigo objetiva discutir a crise ambiental e seus desdobramentos para desse modo através de uma abordagem crítica compreender o papel da Biologia na promoção da Educação Ambiental. Sendo assim, para além do mero ensino de práticas de preservação dos elementos constituintes da flora e da fauna, o ensino de biologia necessita apresentar um caráter de criticidade frente à problemática ambiental possibilitando aos alunos compreender a complexidade da problemática ambiental bem como sua amplitude e seus efeitos globais.
Percepção dos hábitos alimentares dos estudantes de uma escola de ensino fundamental do município de Jaciara- MT
Authors: Borges Eliane De Moura , Santos Danúbia Rodrigues , Silva Jorge Luiz da , Santos Simone Da Silva , Magalhães Epaminondas De Matos 
Published: April 2021

As práticas alimentares são fundamentais ao longo da vida humana, em particular desde a infância. As crianças são mais receptivas aos novos conhecimentos, onde o seu comportamento alimentar é influenciado por diversos fatores, desde o convívio familiar ao escolar. Este estudo tem como propósito refletir sobre a contribuição da escola na promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis, por parte dos alunos, realizando revisão bibliográfica nas bases científicas, aulas expositivas e dialogadas, atividades práticas e lúdicas (jogo da amarelinha e jogo da memória), bem como exposição de vídeos. Percebeu-se que uma das maneiras para se contribuir com esta aprendizagem, e também para a qualidade de vida é informar sobre a saúde no ambiente escolar. É neste ambiente que se torna propicio o ensino-aprendizagem relativo aos hábitos alimentares saudáveis. A escola deve funcionar em conjunto com a família com o objetivo de contribuir para a melhor formação do educando, visto que a criança passa boa parte do tempo diário na instituição de ensino. Com este pensamento, preparou-se aulas para alunos do 6.º ano, da Escola Estadual Francisco Soares de Oliveira, sobre alimentação saudável, buscando diagnóstico do conhecimento das boas práticas alimentares dos educandos. Aplicou-se aulas sobre os constituintes da pirâmide alimentar, explicando as funções dos principais nutrientes e grupos de alimentos que promovem alimentação saudável. Observou-se que a alimentação dos alunos ainda não é adequada, e que se deve buscar uma melhor maneira de inserir mudanças positivas em suas rotinas diárias. O diálogo favorece então a percepção deste educando sobre seus hábitos alimentares, que durante as atividades lúdicas e os vídeos apresentados expressou-se sobre seus hábitos e o que faria diferença daqui por diante. O resultado esperado foi gratificante, percebeu-se que o educando assimilou o que se pretendia com este trabalho.