bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Structure of State Auditor Functions in the Fight Against Corruption
Authors: Flasher Renee , Shirley Syrena , Higgins James P. 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY
In this study, we examine the structure of the state auditor or equivalent function to determine the relationship with federal corruption convictions. Specifically, we explore whether differences in the responsibilities for (1) financial statement audits of state or local governments (i.e., state audit function versus private-sector auditor) and (2) fraud investigations through whistleblower programs within states are associated with federal corruption prosecutions within the state. We find that states' efforts in the fight against corruption appear to be more effective where state audit functions are responsible for both financial statement audits and fraud investigations. We interpret our results as support for deterrence benefits achievable through state auditor functions' active involvement in financial statement audits and fraud investigations.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available from various internet sources.
The Clinical Nurse Specialist Role and its Relevance to Vascular Access: A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Raynak Andrea , Wood Brianne 
Published: August 2021

Highlights

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement study was to examine the impact of a Vascular Access Clinical Nurse Specialist (VA-CNS) on patient and organizational outcomes.
Description of the Project/Program: The VA-CNS role was created and implemented at an acute care hospital in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. The VA-CNS collected data on clinical activities and interventions performed from April 1 to March 29, 2019. The dataset and its associated qualitative clinical outcomes were analyzed using deductive content analysis. Furthermore, a cost analysis was performed by the hospital accountant on these clinical outcomes.
Outcome: Over a 1-year period, there were 547 patients protected from an unwarranted peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion among 302 patient consultations for the VA-CNS. A total of 322 ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheters were inserted and 45 PICC insertions completed at the bedside. The cost associated with the 547 patients not receiving a PICC line result in an estimated savings of $113,301. The VA-CNS role demonstrated a positive payback of $417,525 to the organization.
Conclusion: The results of this quality improvement project have demonstrated the positive impacts of the VACNS on patient and organizational outcomes. This role may be of benefit and worth its adoption for other health systems with similar patient populations.
Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes May Be Underestimated in the Chinese Population: Evidence From 21.7 Million People Between 2007 and 2017
Authors: Liu Chang , Yuan Ying-Chao , Guo Mo-Ning , Xin Zhong , Chen Guan-Jie , Bentley Amy R. , Hua Lin , Zheng Jian-Peng , Ekoru Kenneth , Yang Jin-Kui 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE
Previous reports of the annual incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in China were conducted using retrospective hospital cases, which may not reflect the reality. This longitudinal study estimated T1D incidence in a Chinese population of 21.7 million from 2007 to 2017.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A population-based registry of T1D was performed by the Beijing Municipal Health Commission Information Center. Annual incidence and 95% CIs were calculated by age group and sex. The association of sex with T1D incidence and predicted new cases of T1D were assessed using Poisson regression models. Annual percentage change and average annual percentage of change were assessed using Joinpoint regression.

RESULTS
Overall, there were 6,875 individuals who developed T1D from 2007 to 2017 in this population. T1D incidence (/100,000 persons) (95% CI) significantly increased from 2.72 (2.51, 2.93) in 2007 to 3.60 (3.38, 3.78) in 2017 (P &lt; 0.001). The T1D onset peak was in the 10–14-year-old age group. While no significant trend was found in the 0–14- and 15–29-year-old age groups, T1D incidence markedly increased from 1.87 to 3.52 in the ≥30-year-old age group (P &lt; 0.05). The prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis was highest in the 0–4-year-old age group. We predicted new cases of T1D will increase 1.57-fold over the next decade.

CONCLUSIONS
T1D incidence in this large Chinese population is higher than has been reported previously. From 2007 to 2017, although the incidence peak was in the 10–14-year age group, the T1D incidence increased sharply in adults but not in youth.
The effectiveness of dalethyne dressings for reducing bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Jais Suriadi , Priyono Djoko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study evaluates the effectiveness of a dalethyne dressing for decreasing bacteria in diabetic patients with infected foot ulcers.

Methods
This study was conducted from March to September 2018 with a sample of 30 participants from the outpatient Kitamura Wound Clinic in Pontianak City, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental non-equivalent pretest–posttest control group design was used for the study. Participants were divided into two groups: an intervention group (treated with a dalethyne dressing) and a control group (treated with a standard dressing). Two trained research assistants collected the data using the Wagner wound classification system and a bacteria counter. The assistants swabbed each wound surface with sterile cotton, and the swabs were used to conduct a bacteria culture and count.

Results
The study population was 50% female and 50% male with no significant differences between each other in age, HbA1c, blood pressure, or ankle-brachial index (ABI; P > 0.05). Both groups had a significant reduction in the number of bacteria from the pretest to posttest (P < 0.05). Mann–Whitney analysis of posttest data indicated a significant difference in bacteria reduction between the control group (median = 2.25) and the intervention group (median = 7.6; P = 0.018). It was noted that Staphylococcus aureus was found in the control group at posttest, but not in the intervention group.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that a dalethyne dressing is effective for killing S. aureus in the infected foot ulcers of diabetic patients.
Evaluation of undergraduate students’ nursing assessment and communication skills through an objective structured clinical examination within a high-fidelity simulation using a student-simulated patient†
Authors: Yuan Hao-Bin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate nursing students’ assessment and communication skills through an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) within a high-fidelity simulation using a student-simulated patient (SSP) and analyze the validity, reliability, degree of difficulty, and discriminability of the OSCE.

Methods
A descriptive study was conducted at one nursing school in Macao. All scenarios were designed using a high-fidelity simulator combined with SSPs. A convenience sample of 54 baccalaureate nursing students completed the OSCE. The nursing assessment OSCE checklist (NAOC) and the communication evaluation rubric (CER) were used as observational measurements with three-point Likert scales (2 = Achieved, 1 = Partly achieved, 0 = Not completed/Incorrect).

Results
Difficulty coefficients of the exam were 0.63 for nursing assessment skills and 0.56 for communication skills. The discrimination index of the majority items of the NAOC (86.4%) was >0.20, showing a better to good discriminability. The items of the CER had satisfactory indexes of item discrimination (from 0.38 to 0.84). Students received high scores in conducting blood oxygen saturation and cardiac and lung auscultation but low scores in vomiting and diarrhea assessment. Students presented good communication skills in eye contacting and listening, but culture assessment needs to be improved. The students with experiences in simulation or simulated patient (SP) interactions had better assessment and communication skills than students without those experiences. There was a positive relationship between nursing assessment and communication skills (r = 0.67, P = 0.000).

Conclusions
SSPs were involved in enhancing the realism of interactions in simulated scenarios. Nursing students can conduct nursing assessments specific to patient conditions, explain the conditions to the patient, and ensure that the patient remains informed at all times of the precautions to be taken. However, students’ cultural awareness and some communication skills need further training. With moderate difficulty and high discrimination index, OSCE showed satisfactory reliability and validity.
Association between calcium supplementation and bone mineral density in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Jin-Ping , Ren Hong-Xia , Wang Yan-Fei , Han Shi-Fan , Zhu Chang-Tai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effects of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density in children.

Methods
The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were systematically searched. The retrieve inception date was between October 2001 and October 2019. Two reviewers independently performed the data extraction and assessed methodology quality. Studies were limited to randomized clinical trials comparing calcium supplement with a placebo for bone mineral density in children. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
A total of 6 randomized controlled trials involving 408 participants (calcium supplementation group: 198; placebo group: 210) were finally included in this study. The meta-analysis revealed that, compared with placebos, calcium supplementation had no effect on the bone mineral densities [the whole-body: SMD with CI = 0.43 (−0.05–0.91), P=0.08, I
2 = 75%; the 2nd–4th lumbar vertebrae: SMD with 95% CI = 0.27 (−0.17 to 0.70), P = 0.07, I
2 = 0%)]. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results of the whole-body bone mineral density were unstable and that the bone density of the 2nd–4th lumbar spine was robust.

Conclusions
The results of this meta-analysis suggested that calcium supplementation did not improve bone mineral density in children. However, there continues to be a need for more high-quality studies to verify this fact in the future.
Does Success Breed Success? A Study on the Correlation between Impact Factor and Quantity in Chinese Academic Journals
Authors: Chen Kun , Ren Xiantong , Yang Guoliang , Abudouguli Ailifeire 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This paper studies the relationship between the impact factor (IF) and the number of journal papers in Chinese publishing system.

Design/methodology/approach
The method proposed by Huang (2016) is used whereas to analysis the data of Chinese journals in this study.

Findings
Based on the analysis, we find the following. (1) The average impact factor (AIF) of journals in all disciplines maintained a growth trend from 2007 to 2017. Whether before or after removing outlier journals that may garner publication fees, the IF and its growth rate for most social sciences disciplines are larger than those of most natural sciences disciplines, and the number of journal papers on social sciences disciplines decreased while that of natural sciences disciplines increased from 2007 to 2017. (2) The removal of outlier journals has a greater impact on the relationship between the IF and the number of journal papers in some disciplines such as Geosciences because there may be journals that publish many papers to garner publication fees. (3) The success-breeds-success (SBS) principle is applicable in Chinese journals on natural sciences disciplines but not in Chinese journals on social sciences disciplines, and the relationship is the reverse of the SBS principle in Economics and Education & Educational Research. (4) Based on interviews and surveys, the difference in the relationship between the IF and the number of journal papers for Chinese natural sciences disciplines and Chinese social sciences disciplines may be due to the influence of the international publishing system. Chinese natural sciences journals are losing their academic power while Chinese social sciences journals that are less influenced by the international publishing system are in fierce competition.

Research limitation
More implications could be found if long-term tracking and comparing the international publishing system with Chinese publishing system are taken.

Practical implications
It is suggested that researchers from different countries study natural science and social sciences journals in their languages and observe the influence of the international publishing system.

Originality/value
This paper presents an overview of the relationship between IF and the number of journal papers in Chinese publishing system from 2007 to 2017, provides insights into the relationship in different disciplines in Chinese publishing system, and points out the similarities and differences between Chinese publishing system and international publishing system.
KINERJA PEGAWAI DALAM MENDUKUNG PELAKSANAAN TUGAS POKOK BADAN PENGELOLA KEUANGAN DAN ASSET DAERAH KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Gunawan Irnawati Sanre , Mustari Nuryanti , Usman Jaelan 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetauhui bagaimana Kinerja dan upaya meningkatkan kinerja pegawai dalam mendukung pelaksanaan tugas pokok badan pengelola keuagan dan asset daerah kabupaten jeneponto. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan istrumen observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kemudian teknik analisa data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Kualitas kerja (2) Kerjasama; (3) Loyalitas.(4) Tanggung jawab kemudian dalam upaya meningkatkan kinerja pegawai yaitu; 1). Kemampuan Kinerja Pegawai atas Laporan Keuangan (CaLK) mengacu pada Standar, yaitu; mampu memahami Tujuan Sistem Akuntansi Pemerintah Daerah (2) Peningkatan Kompetensi Pegawai, yaitu; meningkatakan kompetensi pegawai yang dilakukan dapat memperdalam dan memperluas kemampuan kerja, dan , SKPD harus memiliki SDM yang berkompeten, yang didukung dengan latar belakang pendidikan yang sesuai, sering mengikuti pendidikan dan pelatihan serta mempunyai pengalaman di bagian keuangan. (3) Tunjangan Kesejahteraan Pegawai, yaitu; memberikan tambahan penghasilan kepada pegawai negeri sipil daerah berdasarkan pertimbangan yang obyektif dengan memperhatikan kemampuan keuangan daerah dan memperoleh persetujuan DPRD.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN KONJUNGSI DALAM KUMPULAN ARTIKEL PADA RUBRIK POLITIK HUKUM KORAN KOMPAS
Authors: Baiti Nur 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan fungsi penggunaan konjungsi bahasa Indonesia pada Rubrik Politik Hukum Koran Kompas Edisi Rabu, 14 Agustus 2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode deskriptif dan bentuk penelitian kualitatif. Data yang diambil kumpulan artikel pada rubrik politik hukum yaitu konjungsi. Jika dilihat dari fungsi, konjungsi dapat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu konjungsi koordinatif, dan konjungsi subordinatif. Kemudian, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menandai konjungsi yang ada di dalam artikel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bahasa Indonesia pada artikel koran kompas edisi Rabu 14 Agustus 2019 terdapat 68 data konjungsi, terdiri dari konjungsi Koordinatif berjumlah 53 data dan konjungsi subordinatif berjumlah 15 data.
Corporate Governance Performance Relationship and the Role of Institutions and Culture: New Evidence from Asian Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad , Shahbaz Sidra , Farooq Abdul , Anwar Muhammad Masood 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: In a globalized world today, Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) are concerned about their corporate governance mechanism to enhance financial and social performance. However, it largely depends on the existing institutional, cultural and economic factors. This paper furthers the debate on the impact of corporate governance on the financial and social performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Asian Context. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper utilizes a panel cross-country data set comprised of 183 MFIs in 18 Asian countries over the period of 2010-2018. For empirical analysis, it applies GMM regression technique to control for the endogeniety issue. Findings: The results show that generally corporate governance mechanism contributes more towards social performance of MFIs than the financial performance and a conducive institutional environment enhances both financial and social performance. However, good cultural and economic values contribute only towards the social performance of MFIs. Implications/Originality/Value: Since majority of MFIs irrespective of their status are socially oriented. Therefore, good corporate governance mechanism is more effective in enhancing social performance in particular. Progress towards human development contributes to both financial and social performance of MFIs.
Mujer con diagnóstico de novo de espectro de neuromielitis óptica con anticuerpos para AQP4 positivo. Un Reporte de Caso
Authors: Rivera Rojas Neiby Johana , Nassar Tobón Andrea Catalina , Caballero Amórtegui Laura Angélica 
Published: August 2021

Introducción: Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 55 años de edad, con antecedente de hipertensión arterial, quien presentó un cuadro de deterioro visual bilateral de 2 meses de evolución, con posterior presencia de un síndrome motor y sensitivo del hemicuerpo derecho asociado a compromiso de tórax y abdomen; las imágenes de resonancia magnética (RM) de cerebro, orbitas, columna cervical y torácica simple y con medio de contraste mostraron una neuritis óptica bilateral severa, asociado a mielopatía cervical longitudinalmente extensa de carácter inflamatorio, hallazgos sugestivos de un espectro de neuromielitis óptica (NMO), por lo que se llevó a toma de punción lumbar que mostró un líquido cefalorraquideo (LCR) con pleocitosis neutrofílica, AQP4 positiva, glucosa y proteínas normales. Recibió manejo con corticoides a altas dosis asociado a plasmaféresis con mejoría parcial de los síntomas; posteriormente se dio de alta, para inicio de manejo inmunomodulador con Rituximab, de forma ambulatoria.
Objetivo: Describir un caso y las características clínicas generadas en una paciente con neuromielitis óptica, su diagnóstico, tratamiento, evolución y pronóstico.
Método: Se realizó una revisión de la historia clínica y extracción de datos previa firma de consentimiento informado, posteriormente se hizo una búsqueda de artículos de revisión bibliográfica en PubMed, SCIELO, ProQuest, usando descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud (DeCs) y términos MeSH: reportes de caso, publicaciones y revisiones. Se usaron artículos comprendidos entre 2006 al 2018.
Resultados: Se documentó la presentación clínica, el diagnóstico, evolución y tratamiento de acuerdo con el manejo dado.
Discusión: Al enfrentarnos a un cuadro de una paciente con neuromielitis óptica, podemos encontrar diferentes espectros clínicos, evolución y respuestas al tratamiento.
Asfixia mecânica versus centralidade do trabalho: a pandemia que desmascara a retórica capitalista
Authors: Abreu Igor Souza de , Santos Marlene Souza dos 
Published: August 2021

Os debates provocados pelo cenário pandêmico que se instaurou no país e no mundo, tem demonstrado muitos dos conflitos de interesses sobrepostos entre a dualidade saúde pública versus economia. A nível mundial, diferentes estratégias foram sendo adotadas por governos de modo a conter a letalidade do vírus e concomitantemente manter as atividades econômicas ativas. No Brasil, ao contrário de outras nações que privilegiaram desde o início as orientações da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) quanto ao isolamento e distanciamento social, privilegiou-se o funcionamento da economia, o que acarretou o agravamento da crise sanitária no país, que até a presente data já possui taxa de letalidade superior a 300 mil mortos. A cartilha pelo qual tem se orientado o governo Bolsonaro, não trouxe consequências apenas para área da saúde, como também o agravamento das já precárias condições de vida e trabalho da classe trabalhadora brasileira. Tendo como norte que o trabalho desempenha papel central na vida dos trabalhadores e na manutenção do capital, objetiva-se no presente artigo discutir como a pandemia do coronavírus tem enfraquecido ainda mais as condições de trabalho dos profissionais do país ao passo que a precarização sucedida tem sido vantajosa para a máxima capitalista de expropriação de valor do trabalho.
Manajemen Ekonomi Syariah dalam Fungsi-Fungsi Bisnis Islam
Authors: Feliyani Nani 
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In sharia business, management is used as a basic element that is attached to business processes that will be used as a reference by managers in carrying out activities to achieve goals. The management urgency in business is designed to cover four functions, namely production, personnel, marketing and finance. Business in Islam also aims to achieve four main things: targets results, material and non-material benefits, sustainability of growth, and blessings. This research is qualitative library research using sources from various references conducted descriptively and analytically. The findings suggest that in its application, business management cannot be separated from the beliefs and values underliying it, which must be in accordance with the view of life and Islam.Â Keywords: management; Islamic business; transactions
The Effect of Green Bean Side Effect on Changes in Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women with Anemia
Authors: Nara Lintan Mega Puspita  , Fauzia Laili  , Lindha Sri Kusumawati  , Sa’adah  , Yuli Astutik  
Published: August 2021

Hemoglobin is an iron-carrying oxygen transport protein protein in red cells in the blood of mammals and other animals. Hemoglobin consists of iron which is the carrier of O2. High and abnormal hemoglobin levels occur due to hemoconcentration due to dehydration. The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin molecules is not always increasing and decreasing simultaneously, for example the decrease in red blood cells along with slightly elevated or normal hemoglobin levels occur in cases of pernicious anemia, as well as slightly elevated or normal hemoglobin levels of hemoglobin decreases, occurs in iron deficiency anemia. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of green bean extract on changes of hemoglobin (Hb) level in Pregnant Women. The research design used was pre experimental research. The population in detail is all Pregnant Women, with acidental sampling technique in obtaining a sample of 16 people. The research instrument used is observation sheet and digital hemoglobin gauge and statistic test used is T test. The result of research of hemoglobin level before giving of green bean has average value (mean) is 10,494 and hemoglobin level after giving of green bean has average value (mean) is 11.238 this indicates an increase of hemoglobin level in student result of research done shows that there is an increase of Hb level in get p value 0,756 and 0,89. Then the T.Test data distribution test can be concluded p value <0.05 which means H0 rejected and H1 accepted " The Effect Of Green Bean Side Effect On Changes in Hemoglobin Levels In Pregnant Women
With Anemia". Based on the results of the study is expected people can consume green beans as an effort to prevent the occurrence of anemia and the fulfillment of nutrition, especially iron in Pregnant Women.