bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic assessment of patient blood management practical implementation in surgical treatment of coronary heart disease (I20–I25)
Authors: Golukhova E. Z. , Kupryashov A. A. , Khicheva G. A. , Kuksina E. V. , Volkova O. I. , Kurilovich E. O. , Popovich L. D. 
Published: April 2021

Aim To evaluate possible social and economic benefits of correcting preoperative iron deficiency /iron deficiency anemia as a comorbidity in a model population in the process of transition from the routine practice to the optimized preparation of patients to elective surgery (as exemplified by several circulatory diseases: I20 – I25, class IX ICD 10).Material and methods By building imitation models depending on the patient blood management (PBM) practice, changes in years of life lost/saved adjusted for disability were evaluated, including in monetary terms, in relation to the annual number of operations performed for ischemic heart disease (IHD) (I20 – I25) in the age group of 17 years and older, as well as a potential effect of PBM on the applied health economics.Results With implementation of the PBM systemic measures in cardiac surgery, the potentially prevented annual social and economic damage will amount to more than 38 thousand years of life saved and more than 20.2 billion rubles in monetary terms. Furthermore, it will be possible to exclude 9435 hemotransfusion from the cardiosurgical practice, which will annually save more than 2.3 thousand liters of blood with a total cost of 77.7 million rubles in favor of clinical situations that have no alternative.Conclusion The implementation of PBM in cardiac surgery, the discipline with the highest levels of preoperative iron deficiency/anemia and the use of blood components, will not only improve the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of surgical interventions, but will also prevent social and economic damage to the country.
Health Advocacy and Health Communication for Elderly Health Care Consumers: Rationale, Demand, and Policy Implications
Authors: Kreps Gary L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHealth advocacy is an important set of communication activities to promote the best health outcomes for individuals confronting health threats, especially for elderly health care consumers, who utilize high levels of health care services for both chronic and acute health problems. However, many elderly health care consumers do not receive adequate advocacy support and have difficulty shaping health care policies and practices due to problems with ageism and power imbalances within health care systems, which accord far more authority to health care providers and administrators than to consumers in the delivery of care. This limits elders' participation and influence in health care, despite research showing that active consumer involvement usually improves health outcomes. Strategic health advocacy can rebalance power within health care, developing and refining health policies and practices. The best advocacy actively represents the voices, concerns, and needs of consumers within health care systems to help make programs responsive to consumer needs. Health advocates must effectively communicate patients' perspectives and needs to key audiences using strategic message strategies and channels to influence health policies and practices. Yet effective advocacy does not happen naturally and needs to be nurtured by relevant programs and policies to represent consumer needs for enhancing health outcomes for elderly health care consumers.
Clergy Formation in the Provisions of Zamość and Lviv Synods
Authors: Levytskyy Oleksandr 
Published: April 2021

Formacja duchowieństwa w postanowieniach Synodów Zamojskiego i Lwowskiego
Artykuł analizuje etapy formacji duchowieństwa w postanowieniach Synodów Zamojskiego i Lwowskiego. Badania mają na celu wyjaśnienie i ustrukturyzowanie głównych podejść i zasad procesu formacji duchowieństwa w postanowieniach Synodu Zamojskiego z 1720 r. i Synodu Lwowskiego z 1891 r. W szczególności autor przeanalizował dokumenty normatywne tych synodów, które dotyczą regulacji formacji duchowieństwa w Kościele. Rozważane są etapy i metody przygotowania kandydatów do kapłaństwa. Nacisk kładzie się na stopniowe logiczne uporządkowanie dokumentów normatywnych dotyczących formacji kapłańskiej w Kościele ukraińskim.
Hazard of agricultural triazole fungicide: Does cyproconazole induce voriconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates?
Authors: Moazeni Maryam , Ghobahi Katomjani Elaheh , Haghani Iman , Nabili Mojtaba , Badali Hamid , Hedayati Mohammad Taghi , Shokohi Tahereh 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cyproconazole, the most used fungicide in Iranian wheat farms, on the induction of voriconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates.
Materials and Methods: A collection of 20 clinical and environmental isolates were selected for investigation of the in vitro activity of fungicides. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the documented broth microdilution method M38-A2 (CLSI, 2008). Induction experiments were performed and the possibly induced isolate(s) were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing, sequencing of the CYP51A promoter, and full coding gene. Furthermore, CYP51-protein homology modeling and docking modes were evaluated using SWISS-MODEL (https://swissmodel.expasy.org/) and SEESAR software (version 9.1).
Results: Among 10 susceptible isolates, only one strain showed a high MIC value against voriconazole (MIC=4μg/ml) after 25 passages. Nevertheless, sequencing of the CYP51A promoter and full coding gene did not reveal any mutations. Cyproconazole, which has three nitrogen atoms in the aromatic ring, coordinated to the iron atom of heme through a hydrogen bond contact to residue Lys147 present in the active site of the A. fumigates Cyp51 homology model.
Conclusion: Cyproconazole is being applied extensively in wheat farms in Iran. According to the results, cyproconazole may not play a key role in the induction of azole resistance in the isolates through the environmental route. However, the potential ability of the fungicide to induce medically triazole-resistant strains over a long period of application should not be neglected.
Tinea gladiatorum due to Trichophyton tonsurans in a school wrestling team in Mexico: A case series
Authors: Bonifaz Alexandro , Araiza Javier , Tirado-Sánchez Andrés , Barbosa-Zamora Adriana , Gómez-Sáenz Alexander , Méndez-Juárez Andrea 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: Tinea gladiatorum is a type of dermatophytosis that occurs in combat athletes, such as wrestlers and judo fighters, as a result of Trichophyton species. Herein, we aimed to present a small outbreak of tinea gladiatorum in a high school in Mexico.
Materials and Methods: Seven individuals belonging to the school fighting team were mycologically studied with direct examinations and cultures. In four cases, T. tonsurans was isolated and identified by morphological and proteomic methods (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization- time-of-flight mass spectrometry). Out of the four subjects, two cases had clinical lesions presented as tinea corporis, and two cases were healthy carriers. Trichophyton tonsurans was also isolated from one of the four training mats (25%). All positive patients were treated with systemic or topical antifungals and achieved clinical and mycological cure.
Conclusion: We report the first outbreak of tinea gladiatorum caused by T. tonsurans among a group of high school wrestlers in Mexico.
Saprochaete clavata (Geotrichum clavatum) septicemia in a patient with multiple myeloma; An emerging case from Southeastern Turkey
Authors: Kangul Handan , Ozcan Nida , Uzuner Nurullah , Mete Mahmut , Mert Erginer Ufuk 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are life-threatening and can be seen in immuno-compromised patients with malignancy, those who undergo chemotherapy, or transplant recipients. The Candida and Aspergillus species are the most common IFI agents; however, infections can also be caused by rare fungal species. This case report is about a bloodstream infection due to Saprochaete clavata (formerly known as Geotrichum clavatum) in a woman with multiple myeloma.
Case report: A 59-years-old woman suffered from fever, widespread rashes, and diarrhea after an autologous bone marrow transplantation. Peripheral blood cultures were taken from the patient and sent to the microbiology laboratory. Cultures grew white to cream-colored cottony colonies. Moreover, septate and branched hyphae and arthroconidia were seen under a microscope by lactophenol blue staining. The fungi colonies were identified by Maldi Biotyper 3. 1. (manufactured by Bruker Daltonics, USA) as S. clavata (G. clavatum) with a reliable score. Antifungal susceptibility test was carried out by the concentration gradient strip Etest method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of Amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and anidulafungin were determined as 4, 3, 0.125, 0.125, and > 32 mg/dL, respectively. Despite amphotericin B treatment, the patient died three days after the identification of the fungi.
Conclusion: The IFIs are serious conditions that have high mortality rates. In the current case report, we aimed to draw attention to S. clavata which is a rare fungal agent.
Circunferencia escrotal como criterio de selección para carneros de reemplazo
Authors: Pabón-Quevedo Héctor Yezid , Pulido-Medellín Martín Orlando 
Published: April 2021

Resumen
Para seleccionar los carneros que entran a formar parte del rebaño, en el grupo de los reproductores, la evaluación de la aptitud reproductiva ha resultado ser una excelente herramienta; esta evaluación consta de un examen físico general, una prueba andrológico y un espermograma. Dentro de la prueba andrológico, la medida de la circunferencia escrotal ha tenido importancia, debido a que hace referencia al tamaño testicular definido en centímetros, la cual está relacionada con la capacidad del testículo para producir espermatozoides y por ende con la fertilidad del macho reproductor. Su uso se ha extendido por ser de fácil y confiable medición; presenta correlaciones significativas con medidas morfométricas especialmente con el peso corporal y es una característica heredable a las futuras generaciones; esta correlación positiva también se ha determinado con el espermograma, debido a que tanto el volumen seminal, concentración y calidad espermática tienen una relación directa con la medida de la circunferencia escrotal. Finalmente, cuando el carnero ha sido valorado y se encuentra apto para servir, es el mismo carnero que demuestra el resultado con su capacidad de servicio, expresada en habilidad para la monta y la libido o deseo sexual. La evaluación de la aptitud reproductiva constituye parámetros para una eficiente selección, en la que se debe tener en cuenta también factores inherentes al animal como son factores nutricionales, aspectos medioambientales, la raza y factores endocrinos, que de una u otra forma pueden afectar la conducta sexual del carnero. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una revisión de literatura que permita identificar la utilidad de la prueba andrológico en el carnero, haciendo énfasis en la medida de la circunferencia escrotal como indicador de la calidad espermática y de la eficiencia reproductiva para la selección de sementales.
Empirical power consumption characterization and energy aware scheduling in data centers
Authors: Muraña Jonathan 
Published: April 2021

Energy-efficient management is key to reduce operational cost and environmental contamination in modern data centers. Energy management and renewable energy utilization are strategies to optimize energy consumption in high-performance computing. In any case, understanding the power consumption behavior of physical servers in datacenter is fundamental to implement energy-aware policies effectively. These policies should deal with possible performance degradation of applications to ensure quality of service. This manuscript presents an empirical evaluation of power consumption for scientific computing applications in multicore systems. Three types of applications are studied, in single and combined executions on Intel and AMD servers, for evaluating the overall power consumption of each application. The main results indicate that power consumption behavior has a strong dependency with the type of application. Additional performance analysis shows that the best load of the server regarding energy efficiency depends on the type of the applications, with efficiency decreasing in heavily loaded situations. These results allow formulating models to characterize applications according to power consumption, efficiency, and resource sharing, which provide useful information for resource management and scheduling policies. Several scheduling strategies are evaluated using the proposed energy model over realistic scientific computing workloads. Results confirm that strategies that maximize host utilization provide the best energy efficiency.
Evaluation of patients hospitalized in a geriatrics clinic during normalization process of SARS CoV-2
Authors: KOSUVA ÖZTÜRK Zehra , SAĞLANMAK KABADAYI Sinem , ŞAHİN Sevnaz , AKÇİÇEK Selahattin Fehmi 
Published: April 2021

Aim: The pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 was more severe and
more fatal for elders and individuals who have chronic diseases. The treatment may be delayed due to
the elders’ “fear of infection” in hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the data of older patients who
were admitted to the Geriatrics clinic in the normalization period.
Materials and Methods: The data was retrieved between June-August 2020, retrospectively from the
file database for older patients who were hospitalized in a geriatrics clinic of a university hospital.
Results: 23 patients were included in the study and their mean age was 81.4±7.4 years. The most
common symptoms at admission were changes in consciousness, weight loss, and malnutrition,
respectively. The duration of symptoms was less than a month in 56.5% of patients, 1-3 months in
17.4% of patients, and more than 3 months in 26.1% of patients. The most common indications were
delirium, urinary tract infection, and acute renal failure, respectively 73.9% of patients applied from the
outpatient clinics and 26.1% from the emergency clinic. The mean hospitalization duration was 24.2 ±
17,2 days. 43.5% of patients had delirium and 21.7% had pressure ulcers during their hospitalization.
Conclusion: The hospitalization indications had variations, outpatient hospitalizations were higher,
and the duration of hospitalization was longer during normalization process of SARS CoV-2.
Approximately, half of the patients had symptoms for more than a month and it is an important point to
be investigated. In addition, geriatric syndromes such as delirium and pressure ulcer increased in this
process
Quality Measures to Deliver Safe, High-Quality Care on Hand Surgery Outreach Trips to Low and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Shapiro Lauren M. ,   the Global Quality in Upper Extremity Surgery and Training (Global QUEST) Investigators
Published: April 2021

Background:
The burden of hand surgery in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is immense and growing. Although outreach trips to LMICs have been increasing, there has remained a gap regarding assessment of quality of care on outreach trips. We developed quality measures to assess hand surgery outreach trips to LMICs.

Methods:
We followed the recommendations set forth by the World Health Organization for practice guideline development. We used the results of a systematic review to inform the development of quality measures. Eight hand and upper-extremity surgeons with extensive global outreach experience (mean surgical outreach experience of >15 years, completed >3,000 surgeries in 24 countries) completed a modified RAND/UCLA (University of California Los Angeles) Delphi process to evaluate the importance, the feasibility, the usability, and the scientific acceptability of 83 measures. Validity was defined according to established methods.

Results:
A tiering system that was based on the resources available at an outreach site (essential, intermediate, and advanced) was developed to classify the application of the measures since care delivery in LMICs often is constrained by local resources. Twenty-two (27%) of 83 measures were validated. All 22 (100%) were classified as essential (e.g., availability of interpretation services for the visiting team); no measures that were classified as intermediate or advanced were validated.

Conclusions:
Field-testing and implementation of quality measures served to identify the safety and the quality of hand surgical care that was provided on outreach trips to LMICs and inform improvement efforts. Tiers of care can be applied to quality measures to incorporate resource and capacity limitations when assessing their performance.

Clinical Relevance:
Ensuring safety and high-quality care on hand surgical outreach trips to LMICs is foundational to all participating organizations and physicians. Valid quality measures can be implemented by organizations undertaking outreach trips to LMICs.
Practice Patterns and Pain Outcomes for Targeted Muscle Reinnervation
Authors: Hoyt Benjamin W. , Gibson Jeffery A. , Potter Benjamin K. , Souza Jason M. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) and regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) procedures have been shown to improve patient-reported outcomes for the treatment of symptomatic neuromas after amputation; however, the specific indications and comparative outcomes of each are unclear. The primary research questions were what complement of nerves most frequently requires secondary pain intervention after conventional amputation, whether this information can guide the focused application of TMR and RPNI to the primary amputation setting, and how the outcomes compare in both settings.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of records for patients who had undergone lower-extremity TMR and/or RPNI at our institution. Eighty-seven procedures were performed: 59 for the secondary treatment of symptomatic neuroma pain after amputation and 28 for primary prophylaxis during amputation. We reviewed records for the amputation level, TMR and/or RPNI timing, pain scores, patient-reported resolution of nerve-related symptoms, and complications or revisions. We evaluated the relationship between the amputation level and the frequency with which each transected nerve required neurologic intervention for pain symptoms.

Results:
The mean pain score decreased after delayed TMR or RPNI procedures from 4.3 points to 1.7 points (p < 0.001), and the mean final pain score (and standard deviation) was 1.0 ± 1.9 points at the time of follow-up for acute procedures. Symptom resolution was achieved in 92% of patients. The sciatic nerve most commonly required intervention for symptomatic neuroma above the knee, and the tibial nerve and common or superficial peroneal nerve were most problematic following transtibial amputation. None of our patients required a revision pain treatment procedure after primary TMR targeting these commonly symptomatic nerves. Failure to address the tibial nerve during a delayed procedure was associated with an increased risk of unsuccessful TMR, resulting in a revision surgical procedure (odds ratio, 26 [95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 368]; p = 0.02).

Conclusions:
There is a consistent pattern of symptomatic nerves that require secondary surgical intervention for the management of pain after amputation. TMR and RPNI were translated to the primary amputation setting by using this predictable pattern to devise a surgical strategy that prevents symptomatic neuroma pain.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pediatric Scaphoid Fracture Associated with Osteopetrosis
Authors: Chaudhry Sonia , Jorgensen Anna , Pasternack Jordan 
Published: April 2021

Case:
A 12-year-old boy with osteopetrosis sustained a scaphoid waist fracture, which has not previously been reported with this condition. Healing was successfully achieved with percutaneous cannulated compression screw fixation, albeit with prolonged healing as is typical for this condition.

Conclusion:
A lack of osteoclastic remodeling predisposes patients with osteopetrosis to fractures, commonly in long bones. Increased risks of infection, anesthesia, and broken hardware along with limited ability to compress bone may discourage operative management. Internal fixation should still be considered in select cases to limit displacement while allowing early range of motion.
Reservoir Simulation: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Watts J. W. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Reservoir simulation is a mature technology, and nearly all major reservoir development decisions are based in some way on simulation results. Despite this maturity, the technology is changing rapidly. It is important for both providers and users of reservoir simulation software to understand where this change is leading. This paper takes a long-term view of reservoir simulation, describing where it has been and where it is now. It closes with a prediction of what the reservoir simulation state of the art will be in 2007 and speculation regarding certain aspects of simulation in 2017.

Introduction
Today, input from reservoir simulation is used in nearly all major reservoir development decisions. This has come about in part through technology improvements that make it easier to simulate reservoirs on one hand and possible to simulate them more realistically on the other; however, although reservoir simulation has come a long way from its beginnings in the 1950's, substantial further improvement is needed, and this is stimulating continual change in how simulation is performed.
Given that this change is occurring, both developers and users of simulation have an interest in understanding where it is leading. Obviously, developers of new simulation capabilities need this understanding in order to keep their products relevant and competitive. However, people that use simulation also need this understanding; how else can they be confident that the organizations that provide their simulators are keeping up with advancing technology and moving in the right direction?
In order to understand where we are going, it is helpful to know where we have been. Thus, this paper begins with a discussion of historical developments in reservoir simulation. Then it briefly describes the current state of the art in terms of how simulation is performed today. Finally, it closes with some general predictions.
Seasonal patterns and related microclimatic drivers of soil inorganic nitrogen in an urban montane cloud forest
Authors: Dominguez-Eusebio Carlo Alberto , Briones Oscar Luis , Perroni Yareni 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Understanding the matter and energy dynamics in environments with strong human influence is essential since it allows us to know relevant ecological drivers in urban green land areas. It has been hypothesized that biogeochemical cycles in urban forests are more open (susceptible to nutrients soil losses) with respect to rural forests near cities. However, it is not clear if this ecosystem function occurs in the same way in systems from different latitudes. Soil nutrient dynamics and microclimatic conditions of an urban and a nearby rural montane cloud forest were registered from January 2016 to July 2017. Our objective was to compare edaphic and micro-climatic factors that drive soil inorganic N dynamics in these forests. Climate was slightly cooler and drier, and soil C, N, P and organic matter were lower in the urban than the rural forest. Seasonal soil inorganic N forms were related to above ground conditions in the urban forest, but to the belowground conditions in the rural forest. Consistently low NH4:NO3 ratio indicated high susceptibility to N soil loss in the urban forest. Our results support the hypothesis that urban cloud forests are functioning as open ecosystems in contrast to the rural forests.