bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEPUASAN TERHADAP KOMPENSASI DAN KOMITMEN DOKTER DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana 
Published: March 2021

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Setiap orang akan meminta kompensasi yang layak sesuai dengan pekerjaan yang dilakukannya maka semakin baik kinerja yang diberikan akan membuat mereka semakin layak mendapatkan kompensasi yang baik. Kompensasi gaji, kompensasi jasa medis dan kepuasan terhadap kompensasi menjadi salah satu hal yang dapat berdampak terhadap komitmen tenaga kesehatan terhadap rumah sakit. Komitmen dalam memberikan pelayanan merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatikan agar terciptanya mutu pelayanan yang baik di rumah sakit.</p><p>Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian observasional dengan design crossectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua dokter umum di Rumah Sakit Umum yang berjumlah 59 dokter. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total Sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada Januari 2018 hingga Maret 2019 menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara langsung dengan responden menggunakan kuesioner.</p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas dokter umum memiliki kepuasan dalam kategori kurang puas terhadap gaji yang diberikan sebanyak 31 orang (52,5%) dan dokter dalam kategori sangat puas terhadap gaji yang diberikan sebanyak 28 orang (47,5%). Dokter umum menyatakan tidak puas terhadap pemberian insentif yang diberikan Rumah Sakit Umum sebanyak 59 orang (100%) dan tidak puas terhadap fasilitas pribadi sebanyak 59 orang (100%). Komitmen dokter terhadap pekerjaan di rumah sakit dalam kategori sedang yaitu sebanyak 40 orang (67,8%) sedangkan komitmen dokter dalam kategori tinggi sebanyak 19 orang (22%).</p><p>Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan pihak manjemen Rumah Sakit Umum untuk memberikan kompensasi yang lebih baik sesuai dengan harapan. Pihak dokter diharapkan mau menyampaikan harapan terkait kompensasi yang diinginkan agar keinginan dokter dapat dipenuhi oleh Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah terutama terkait kompensasi pemberian insentif dan fasilitas pribadi yang diasumsikan akan berdampak terhadap komitmen dokter terhadap rumah sakit.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong> : Dokter, Komitmen, Kompensasi, Rumah Sakit</p>
Permissive runtime information flow control in the presence of exceptions
Authors: Bichhawat Abhishek , Rajani Vineet , Garg Deepak , Hammer Christian 
Published: March 2021

Information flow control (IFC) has been extensively studied as an approach to mitigate information leaks in applications. A vast majority of existing work in this area is based on static analysis. However, some applications, especially on the Web, are developed using dynamic languages like JavaScript where static analyses for IFC do not scale well. As a result, there has been a growing interest in recent years to develop dynamic or runtime information flow analysis techniques. In spite of the advances in the field, runtime information flow analysis has not been at the helm of information flow security, one of the reasons being that the analysis techniques and the security property related to them (non-interference) over-approximate information flows (particularly implicit flows), generating many false positives. In this paper, we present a sound and precise approach for handling implicit leaks at runtime. In particular, we present an improvement and enhancement of the so-called permissive-upgrade strategy, which is widely used to tackle implicit leaks in dynamic information flow control. We improve the strategy’s permissiveness and generalize it. Building on top of it, we present an approach to handle implicit leaks when dealing with complex features like unstructured control flow and exceptions in higher-order languages. We explain how we address the challenge of handling unstructured control flow using immediate post-dominator analysis. We prove that our approach is sound and precise.
Use of remote sensing results in the tasks of navigational and hydrographic situation monitoring
Authors: Olexandr A. Shchyptsov  , Dmitry L. Kreta  , Oleksiy G. Lebid  , Natalia A. Sheviakina  
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the possibilities of using modern online sources of satellite information in the tasks of monitoring the ecological and navigational-hydrographic situation and building on their basis methods and information technologies to reflect the state of marine waters and operational forecasting of changes in this state. For the tasks of monitoring the ecological and navigational-hydrographic situation, one of the most convenient and informative is the marine environment monitoring service COPERNICUS (CMEMS). This service collects and presents data on observations of spatio-temporal variability of sea water temperature and salinity values, streams parameters, etc. by using specialized artificial satellites Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2, which intended for use in the mission of a dual satellite with high viewing frequency and high resolution. CMEMS provides, on a regular and systematic basis, information on the physical condition, variability and dynamics of the oceanic and marine ecosystems. The principle of measurement uses natural microwave emissions on the sea surface, which vary depending on the degree of roughness of the sea surface. You can get the parameters of wind direction, atmospheric water vapor, rain speed, sea ice (age, concentration and limit), the length of the snow cover and the water content in the snow. High-resolution ice mapping services provide ice classification and floating ice data to navies and shipping companies to ensure safe year-round shipping. The ability of the Sentinel-1 to conduct observations in any weather and during the day or night makes it ideal for accurately determining the location and movement of the vessel at sea. Oil detection applications are used to gather evidence of illegal discharges, analyze the spread of oil spills and search for oil reserves by detecting natural infiltration. Sentinel-1 marine products, in combination with global sea wave models, help determine the direction, wavelength and height of waves on the open sea, as well as help predict the weather, the movement of ships and the use of wave energy. In addition, Sentinel-1 can provide data on the interaction of ocean waves and streams, which allows you to visualize large-scale ocean streams, cold/warm water massifs, coastal streams and internal waves. Software and hardware complexes and information-analytical systems created with the use of these methods and technologies can significantly increase the efficiency and effectiveness of solving problems of environmental monitoring, navigation and hydrographic support of navigation, search and rescue operations in marine waters.
O „książkoróbstwie” – poglądy Andrzeja Tomaszewskiego na temat typografii i projektowania książek
Authors: Janik Katarzyna 
Published: March 2021

Andrzej Tomaszewski jest typografem, poligrafem i redaktorem. Jego dorobek zawodowy jest godny podziwu, a sam A. Tomaszewski, który zaprojektował szatę graficzną dla ponad 260 książek i czasopism, uważany jest za jednego z najważniejszych autorytetów z zakresu typografii w Polsce. Projektant jest również autorem wielu publikacji na temat praktycznych i teoretycznych aspektów projektowania książki. Opracowana przez niego definicja typografii jest jedną z najczęściej przywoływanych w polskiej literaturze fachowej. W 2015 roku, jako Komisarz Konkursu PTWK Najpiękniejsza Książka Roku, uporządkował i przygotował kryteria oceny publikacji biorących udział w konkursie. Badania biograficzne na temat wybitnych typografów są ważną częścią badań bibliologicznych. Pozwalają na ukazanie złożonych kwestii projektowania pięknych i funkcjonalnych publikacji. Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie i omówienia poglądów A. Tomaszewskiego na temat definiowania typografii, zadań typografa, projektowania książki oraz koncepcji pięknej książki.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF CIVIL CONSCIOUSNESS OF LAW FOR THE ENDORSEMENT OF LAW AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Yunita Ani 
Published: March 2021

Efforts to increase public awareness of the law are not only carried out on legal development but also on economic development, given the condition of Indonesia's economy leading to complex social problems. Referring to the above issue, the understanding towards the Indonesian people is necessary to carry out economic development in accordance with the objectives of Indonesia's economic development to increase the welfare of the community. The article aimed to investigate the efforts to increase public legal awareness in supporting legal development and economic development in order to realize welfare. The method in this research was normative juridical by using descriptive qualitative analysis. In relation, secondary data were obtained from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The results proved that increasing public legal awareness in legal and economic development should be conducted by the government and all parties involved. Hence the government and law enforcement officers can proceed through counseling, legal information, assistance and guidance so that people understand the importance of legal and economic development in order to realize order, certainty, justice and community welfare.
Sacraoxides A–G, Bioactive Cembranoids from Gum Resin of Boswellia sacra
Authors: Zhang Bingyang , Liu Di , Ji Wenyue , Otsuki Kouharu , Higai Koji , Zhao Feng , Li Wei , Koike Kazuo , Qiu Feng 
Published: March 2021

Seven undescribed cembranoids, sacraoxides A–G (1, 3–8) were isolated from the gum resin of Boswellia sacra. Their structures were elucidated by extensive physicochemical and spectroscopic analysis, as well as ECD calculation, modified Mosher’s method and X-ray diffraction crystallography. Compounds 6 and 7 exhibited inhibitory activities on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 24.9 ± 1.7 and 36.4 ± 2.9 μM.
Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Risk Factor Assessment and Screening for Diabetes-Related Complications in Individuals With Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: de Jong Marit , Peters Sanne A. E. , de Ritter Rianneke , van der Kallen Carla J. H. , Sep Simone J. S. , Woodward Mark , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Bots Michiel L. , Vos Rimke C. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundInsight in sex disparities in the detection of cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related complications may improve diabetes care. The aim of this systematic review is to study whether sex disparities exist in the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications.MethodsPubMed was systematically searched up to April 2020, followed by manual reference screening and citations checks (snowballing) using Google Scholar. Observational studies were included if they reported on the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors (HbA1c, lipids, blood pressure, smoking status, or BMI) and/or screening for nephropathy, retinopathy, or performance of feet examinations, in men and women with diabetes separately. Studies adjusting their analyses for at least age, or when age was considered as a covariable but left out from the final analyses for various reasons (i.e. backward selection), were included for qualitative analyses. No meta-analyses were planned because substantial heterogeneity between studies was expected. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsOverall, 81 studies were included. The majority of the included studies were from Europe or North America (84%).The number of individuals per study ranged from 200 to 3,135,019 and data were extracted from various data sources in a variety of settings. Screening rates varied considerably across studies. For example, screening rates for retinopathy ranged from 13% to 90%, with half the studies reporting screening rates less than 50%. Mixed findings were found regarding the presence, magnitude, and direction of sex disparities with regard to the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications, with some evidence suggesting that women, compared with men, may be more likely to receive retinopathy screening and less likely to receive foot exams.ConclusionOverall, no consistent pattern favoring men or women was found with regard to the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications, and screening rates can be improved for both sexes.
Platelet Protein-Related Abnormalities in Response to Acute Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Moin Abu Saleh Md , Al-Qaissi Ahmed , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Atkin Stephen L. , Butler Alexandra E. 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionPatients with severe COVID-19 infections have coagulation abnormalities indicative of a hypercoagulable state, with thromboembolic complications and increased mortality. Platelets are recognized as mediators of inflammation, releasing proinflammatory and prothrombotic factors, and are hyperactivated in COVID-19 infected patients. Activated platelets have also been reported in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, putting these patients at higher risk for thromboembolic complications of COVID-19 infection.MethodsA case-control study of T2D (n=33) and control subjects (n=30) who underwent a hyperinsulinemic clamp to induce normoglycemia in T2D subjects: T2D: baseline glucose 7.5 ± 0.3mmol/l (135.1 ± 5.4mg/dl), reduced to 4.5 ± 0.07mmol/l (81 ± 1.2mg/dl) with 1-hour clamp; Controls: maintained at 5.1 ± 0.1mmol/l (91.9 ± 1.8mg/dl). Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement was used to determine a panel of platelet proteins.ResultsProthrombotic platelet proteins were elevated in T2D versus controls: platelet factor 4 (PF4, p&lt;0.05); platelet glycoprotein VI (PGVI p&lt;0.05); P-selectin (p&lt;0.01) and plasminogen activator inhibitor I (PAI-1, p&lt;0.01). In addition, the antithrombotic platelet-related proteins, plasmin (p&lt;0.05) and heparin cofactor II (HCFII, p&lt;0.05), were increased in T2D. Normalization of glucose in the T2D cohort had no effect on platelet protein levels.ConclusionT2D patients have platelet hyperactivation, placing them at higher risk for thromboembolic events. When infected with COVID-19, this risk may be compounded, and their propensity for a more severe COVID-19 disease course increased.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03102801, identifier NCT03102801.
Epigenetic Modifiers: Anti-Neoplastic Drugs With Immunomodulating Potential
Authors: Maes Ken , Mondino Anna , Lasarte Juan José , Agirre Xabier , Vanderkerken Karin , Prosper Felipe , Breckpot Karine 
Published: March 2021

Cancer cells are under the surveillance of the host immune system. Nevertheless, a number of immunosuppressive mechanisms allow tumors to escape protective responses and impose immune tolerance. Epigenetic alterations are central to cancer cell biology and cancer immune evasion. Accordingly, epigenetic modulating agents (EMAs) are being exploited as anti-neoplastic and immunomodulatory agents to restore immunological fitness. By simultaneously acting on cancer cells, e.g. by changing expression of tumor antigens, immune checkpoints, chemokines or innate defense pathways, and on immune cells, e.g. by remodeling the tumor stroma or enhancing effector cell functionality, EMAs can indeed overcome peripheral tolerance to transformed cells. Therefore, combinations of EMAs with chemo- or immunotherapy have become interesting strategies to fight cancer. Here we review several examples of epigenetic changes critical for immune cell functions and tumor-immune evasion and of the use of EMAs in promoting anti-tumor immunity. Finally, we provide our perspective on how EMAs could represent a game changer for combinatorial therapies and the clinical management of cancer.
Withholding vs. Continuing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Before Non-cardiac Surgery in Older Patients: Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yang Yu-fan , Zhu Ya-juan , Long Yu-qin , Liu Hua-yue , Shan Xi-sheng , Feng Xiao-mei , Peng Ke , Ji Fu-hai 
Published: March 2021

Background:Older hypertensive adults are at increased risk for postoperative morbidity and mortality. As first line antihypertensive drug therapy, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have many beneficial effects. However, the use of ACEIs/ARBs in the perioperative period remains controversial. This study aims to determine the effects of withholding vs. continuing ACEIs/ARBs before non-cardiac surgery on perioperative hypotension and postoperative outcomes in older patients.Methods:In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 2036 patients aged 60–80 years undergoing non-cardiac surgical procedures will be randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive oral ACEIs/ARBs (the ACEIs/ARBs continued group) or inactive placebos (the ACEIs/ARBs withheld group) on the morning of surgery. For both groups, the ACEIs/ARBs will be continued from the first postoperative day. The primary outcome measure is the incidence of perioperative hypotensive events, defined as mean blood pressure (MBP) &lt; 65 mmHg or ≥30% reduction in MBP from baseline during surgery and in a post-anesthesia care unit. The secondary outcomes include duration of perioperative hypotension, intraoperative use of fluids and vasopressors, hypotensive events within postoperative 3 days, and perioperative neurocognitive disorders, major adverse cardiocerebral events (a composite outcome of stroke, coma, myocardial infarction, heart block, and cardiac arrest), and mortality within 30 days after surgery.Discussion:The results of this trial will offer an evidence-based perioperative ACEIs/ARBs therapy for older hypertensive adults undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Study Registration:This study is approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (Approval No. 2020-077-1) and by the institutional ethics review board of each participating center. This protocol is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2000039376).
The Role of Aspirin in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Yang Shuwen , Liu Tianyu , Wu Yuehui , Xu Nina , Xia Liangtao , Yu Xinyu 
Published: March 2021

Objective: To evaluate the association between aspirin use and the risks of unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) growth and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).Methods: We searched PubMed and Scopus from inception to 1 September 2020. Studies evaluating the associations between aspirin prescription and the risk of UIA growth or the risk of aSAH were included. The study only included patients with intracranial aneurysms. We assessed the quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the estimates of effect size quantitatively. Sensitivity analyses using the leave-one-out strategy were performed to identify any potential source of heterogeneity.Results: After a review of 2,226 citations, five cohort studies, two case-control studies, and one nested case-control study involving 8,898 participants were included. Pooled analyses showed that aspirin use, regardless of frequency and duration, was associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of UIA growth (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.11–0.54; I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.604) and aSAH (OR, 0.37, 95% CI, 0.23–0.58; I2 = 79.3%, p = 0.001) in patients presented with intracranial aneurysms. The results did not significantly change in sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: Summarizing available evidence in the literature, our findings indicate that aspirin use, regardless of frequency and duration, was associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of UIA growth and aSAH in patients with UIA. Well-designed and large-scale clinical trials are needed to help define the role of aspirin as a protective pharmaceutical for UIAs.
An Immune-Related Gene Pairs Signature for Predicting Survival in Glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Sheng , Xu Xia 
Published: March 2021

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the frequently occurring and most aggressive form of brain tumors. In the study, we constructed an immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) signature to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with GBM.Methods: We established IRGPs with immune-related gene (IRG) matrix from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (Training cohort). After screened by the univariate regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, IRGPs were subjected to the multivariable Cox regression to develop an IRGP signature. Then, the predicting accuracy of the signature was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and validated the result using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database (Validation cohorts 1 and 2).Results: A 10-IRGP signature was established for predicting the OS of patients with GBM. The AUC for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS in Training cohort was 0.801, 0.901, and 0.964, respectively, in line with the AUC of Validation cohorts 1 and 2 [Validation cohort 1 (1 year: 0.763; 3 years: 0.786; and 5 years: 0.884); Validation cohort 2 (1 year: 0.745; 3 years: 0.989; and 5 years: 0.987)]. Moreover, survival analysis in three cohorts suggested that patients with low-risk GBM had better clinical outcomes than patients with high-risk GBM. The univariate and multivariable Cox regression demonstrated that the IRGPs signature was an independent prognostic factor.Conclusions: We developed a novel IRGPs signature for predicting OS in patients with GBM.