bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explanations of some technical requirements for fire lanterns
Authors: Вищекин Максим Вадимович , Дымов Сергей Михайлович , Русанов Дмитрий Юрьевич , Александров Александр Михайлович 
Published: December 2021

В статье отражены результаты обсуждения наиболее актуальных вопросов, возникших при формировании технических требований к фонарям пожарным при разработке межгосударственного стандарта «Техника пожарная. Фонари пожарные. Общие технические требования. Методы испытаний». Предложения, требующие подробных разъяснений, касаются количества циклов применения фонаря, обоснования принятого уровня освещенности и разработки требований к нормированию светового потока источника света фонаря. На основании качественных испытаний четырех наиболее распространенных моделей групповых фонарей в подразделениях противопожарной службы Российской Федерации, проведенных испытательной лабораторией института в период с 2010 по 2018 год, сформулированы основные их эксплуатационные показатели.
This article contains some comments and suggestions that caused a discussion during the consideration of the draft of the interstate standard provisions “Fire fighting equipment. Fire lanterns. General technical requirements. Test methods”. The proposals that require detailed explanations include issues related to the cycle life of lamp, the justification of the accepted level of illumination and the development of requirements for the normalization of the luminous flux of the lamp light source. As a reference point for determining the cycle life of the flashlight there was selected the battery. Based on the standard indicators of the resource of different types batteries the value of cycle life of the flashlight is equal to 400. On the base of the qualitative tests on the four most common models of group lamps in the divisions of the fire service of the Russian Federation, conducted by the testing laboratory of the Institute for the period from 2010 to 2018, the main operational indicators are formulated as the following: “The time of continuous illumination of the lamp under normal conditions according to GOST 15150, excluding the time of triggering the warning alarm (FPG), should be at least 5 hours; the illumination of the working surface with the lamp must be at least 1500 lux during the entire glow time”. The introduction of requirements for the normalization of the luminous flux of the light source of the lamp is not provided.
Application of numerical modeling to assess the influence of the longitudinal slope in a road tunnel on the fire hazards spread
Authors: Болодьян Иван Ардашевич , Пузач Сергей Викторович , Барановский Алексей Сергеевич 
Published: December 2021

Рассмотрено влияние продольного уклона автодорожного тоннеля на распространение в нем опасных факторов пожара при возникновении загорания. Для оценки этого влияния использован полевой метод моделирования. Проведен анализ полученных результатов. Сделан вывод о том, что «классическое» понимание картины пожара, основывающееся на принципе «чем больше уклон тоннеля, тем быстрее происходит блокирование», при определенных условиях может не соответствовать действительности. При этом большое влияние на результат расчетов может оказывать постановка граничного условия постоянства давления.
One of the important issues in the design and construction of tunnels is to ensure their fire safety. To take into account the characteristics of a particular object and make decision on its effective fire protection, it is necessary to study the influence of various factors on the dynamics of a possible fire. Conducting field tests in this case is expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, one of the most effective methods in this case is numerical modeling. In this paper there is considered the issue of the influence of the longitudinal slope value of a road tunnel on the dangerous factors spread in case of fire. The assessment was carried out by simulating a fire in a model tunnel using the field method. A model tunnel of rectangular cross-section was chosen for conducting numerical experiments. The SOFIE software package was used to implement the model. To evaluate the results obtained there were created the fields of optical smoke density in the central longitudinal section at various time points. This dangerous fire factor is the determining factor because it reaches critical values most quickly. As a result of calculations in the work there was established the influence of the tunnel slope value on the fire hazards spread. It is found that the nature of fire hazards spread in a tunnel without a slope significantly differs from their propagation pattern in an inclined tunnel. If there is a slope, the blocking of tunnel sections (escape routes) up the slope during the first minutes of fire occurs much faster than down, so it is preferable to evacuate people in case of an emergency down the slope. Under certain conditions the principle “the greater the slope of the tunnel, the faster the blocking occurs” can be untrue. At the same time, the obtained result depends on the setting of the boundary condition of pressure constancy during the calculation and can differ from the real fire performance, however, in general, it is not an underestimation of fire danger and can be used in engineering calculations.
La politique étrangère de la France : un cap pour les trente prochaines années
Authors: de Montbrial Thierry 
Published: December 2021

Une politique étrangère exprime une société unie qui organise ses rapports avec ses environnements en y défendant ses intérêts. Ces environnements ont, pour la France, considérablement changé depuis la fin de la guerre froide et le début de ce siècle. On peut désormais identifier les lignes de force définissant un nouveau cap – où la construction européenne occupera une place centrale – pour organiser l’ensemble de nos choix de politique étrangère pour les prochaines décennies.
Comment préparer 2050 ? De la « prévoyance » à la « grande stratégie »
Authors: Briens Martin , Gomart Thomas 
Published: December 2021

La Chine et les États-Unis ont tous deux une « grande stratégie ». Pékin aspire à devenir la première puissance mondiale en 2049, tandis que Washington entend demeurer primus inter pares. Dans ce contexte de compétition entre superpuissances – marqué aussi par la dégradation environnementale, la transformation numérique et la fragmentation sociale –, la France et l’Europe devraient se doter d’une « grande stratégie » et renforcer leurs dispositifs de « prévoyance ».
Défense européenne : agir à temps
Authors: Arnould Claude-France 
Published: December 2021

Le moment semble propice pour renforcer la coopération européenne de défense. Les objectifs sont identifiés et clairs : pouvoir déployer une force militaire européenne face à une crise ; pour ce faire, développer des capacités et un marché intérieur de défense. Les institutions existantes – état-major, Agence européenne de défense, embryon d’académie militaire… – sont sous-utilisées. Il est possible de franchir d’importants pas sans révolution institutionnelle, sans modification des traités.
Mali : quelle réforme du secteur de la sécurité ?
Authors: Boisvert Marc-André 
Published: December 2021

Les réformes du secteur de sécurité (RSS) entreprises dans plusieurs pays africains ont produit des résultats contrastés. En Guinée-Conakry, des mesures d’urgence ont suscité l’espoir, mais n’ont pas été suivies dans la durée. En Côte d’Ivoire, les effets positifs semblent plus pérennes. Au Mali, la RSS s’est embourbée par manque de volonté politique. Le double coup d’État de 2020 et 2021 vient compliquer la donne, mais la communauté internationale doit maintenir la pression sur les autorités.
Travail de terrain en sociologie du crime dans une communauté violente du Brésil : réflexions sur l'influence du genre de la chercheuse
Authors: Oliveira Elenice de Souza 
Published: December 2021

Les défis éthiques et méthodologiques liés à la condition de femme lorsqu’on mène des enquêtes auprès de groupes masculins ne sont pas des questions nouvelles. Toutefois ils se révèlent particulièrement pertinents dans les champs de la criminologie et de la sociologie du crime, longtemps dominés par les hommes, mais dans lesquels la présence croissante des femmes contribue à rendre cette discussion plus cruciale que jamais. Cette étude cherche à contribuer à ce débat en réfléchissant à la manière dont le genre interagit avec d’autres facettes de l’identité sociale de la chercheuse, créant des dynamiques différentes selon les acteurs visés – policiers ou trafiquants de drogue – tous deux caractérisés par la domination masculine. Le travail de terrain a été conduit dans un district de police d’une grande métropole brésilienne incluant un quartier identifié comme un foyer d’homicides et de commerce de drogues illégales. L’analyse examine notamment les questions liées à la sécurité personnelle de la chercheuse lorsqu’elle entre en contact avec ces groupes antagonistes. Bien que cette étude concerne une zone géographique spécifique, les observations et conclusions pourraient s’appliquer à d’autres espaces urbains brésiliens et à d’autres pays.
Integral fixation titanium/polyetheretherketone cages for cervical arthrodesis
Authors: Mobbs Ralph J. , Amin Tajrian , Ho Daniel , McEvoy Aidan , Lovric Vedran , Walsh William R. 
Published: December 2021

Context:
Despite increasing promising reports regarding composite titanium (Ti)/PolyEtherEtherKetone (PEEK) cages, further longer-term, quality research is required. Synthetic bone graft substitutes are another rapidly developing area of spinal surgical research.

Aims:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of an integral fixation composite Ti/PEEK cage for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and compare a synthetic bone graft substitute (β-tricalcium phosphate; [βTCP]) with allograft processed using supercritical fluid technology.

Methods and Design:
Data from 195 consecutive patients were prospectively collected from a single centre. Indications were largely degenerative. Allograft and βTCP were used in a 3:1 randomization protocol. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months and up to 48 months. Clinical outcomes included visual analogue scale and neck oswestry disability index. Radiographic outcomes included fusion rates, subsidence rates and implant complications.

Results:
Graft sub-cohorts were largely comparable and included 133 and 52 patients in the allograft and βTCP sub-cohorts, respectively. Clinical outcomes overall significantly improved (P < 0.001), with no significant inter-cohort differences. There were no implant-related complications. Overall fusion rate was 94.1% (175/186). The allograft cohort produced a significantly greater fusion rate of 97.7% (126/129) compared to 77.6% (38/49) for the βTCP cohort (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the viability of an integral fixation composite Ti/PEEK ACDF device in effectively and safely improving patient outcomes and achieving fusion. Allograft is more effective in achieving fusion compared to βTCP, though both were similarly efficacious in improving clinical outcomes.
Hubungan Antara Perilaku Caring Perawat Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Saat Pandemi Covid-19 di Ruang Perawatan Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta di Yogyakarta
Authors: Dyah Lestari Martina , Sri Oktri Hastuti Agustina , Maura Harjanti CB Sr. Therese 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRCT
Background: Patient satisfaction is one of the factors used to evaluate the quality of service in the hospital, and is one of the factors determining the image of a health service institution. Nursing service satisfaction is obtained from consumer assessments regarding the quality and performance of the benefits received from products or services. Quality nursing services can be realized through the provision of nursing care based on the caring behavior of nurses. Caring behavior must always be carried out by nurses in all conditions, even during the current COVID-19 pandemic situation. In the preliminary study conducted, Elisabeth 4's inpatient room was the room that experienced the lowest decrease in customer satisfaction.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurse caring behavior and patient satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic in Elisabeth 4 Hospital's inpatient room. Panti Rapih, Yogyakarta.
Methods: This type of research is a descriptive correlation. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. Using non probability sample techniques, purposive sample. The sample used was 37 respondents. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire that is given directly to the respondent in Januari 2021 sampai Februari 2021.
Results: The highest nurse caring behavior was in the good category, 83.8% of the total respondents. The highest level of satisfaction is "Satisfied" 54.1% of the total respondents and "Very Satisfied" as much as 43.2% of the total respondents. Based on the results of the Spearman rho test, P value 0.007 is, this means that there is a significant relationship between nurse caring behavior and the level of patient satisfaction. The Correlation Coefficient value is positive, which indicates that there is a strong relationship between nurse caring behavior and the level of patient satisfaction.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nurse caring behavior and patient satisfaction. The direction of the positive correlation shows that the higher the nurse's caring behavior, the higher the patient's satisfaction in nursing services.
Suggestion: It is necessary for nurses to increase knowledge, attitudes and skills especially when carrying out their role as executor of professional nursing actions.
Panti Rapih Hospital management should continue to encourage the spirit of caring behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic, by improving the physical, mental and spiritual health of nurses so that nurses can provide professional nursing services.
Qhapaq ñan patrimonio mundial, tramo Socoroma-Zapahuira y los sistemas de movilidad en el paisaje andino transfronterizo (700-2021)
Authors: Balcarce Villanueva Esteban 
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio inicia con una visita de campo y parte del principio de que registrar es otra forma de conservar. Persigue la hipótesis de que, en un acotado espacio en la precordillera de la región de Arica y Parinacota, se encuentran varios sistemas de movilidad urbana y territorial en distintas velocidades, culturas y tiempos, teniendo en común el paisaje precordillerano de los andes que los acoge y el hecho de encontrarse en total vigencia. El texto, además, destaca la importancia y las características del Qhapaq Ñan (camino principal), una carretera internacional que une Chile y Bolivia, y un aeródromo en la misma zona, cruzando la discusión de lo “patrimonial”, sobre el bien, indagando en la teoría sobre los monumentos, llegando a las nuevas expansiones del concepto.
Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa dentro del paradigma interpretativo en una escala territorial, y se concluye con un registro visual de alta resolución tecnológica, evidenciando desde este, una relación que interpreta el lugar desde la movilidad con énfasis en la existencia del Qhapaq Ñan hoy patrimonio de la humanidad (2014).
MONITORING AND EVALUATION SYSTEMS AND PERFORMANCE OF URBAN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: A CASE OF TOWN COUNCILS IN JINJA DISTRICT, EASTERN UGANDA
Authors: Bogere Seezi , Okoche John Micheal Maxel , Eremugo Isaac 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The study investigated the relationship between Monitoring and Evaluation systems and performance of Urban local governments in Jinja District of Eastern Uganda. Specifically, the study focused on establishing the relationship between M&E systems inputs, M&E systems process, M&E systems outputs and performance of Urban local governments in Jinja District.
Methodology: The study used a cross sectional study design employing both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The population (112) of the study consisted of the Town clerks, Political leaders and Town council employees to which simple random sampling was applied. Quantitative data was collected from a sample of 76 respondents using researcher administered questionnaire. Responses were rated on a 5-Likert scale and analyzed for descriptive and inferential statistic using SPSS software presented in tables. Qualitative data was collected from 10 key informants using interview guides analyzed using content analysis and presented as text.
Findings: Correlational analysis revealed that a significant and a strong positive linear relationship between performance of urban local governments in Jinja District and M&E systems inputs (r= 0.730**, p < 0.05), M&E system process (r= 0.814**, p < 0.05) and M&E system outputs (r= 0.739**, p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed a significant and positive influence of M&E system inputs (β=-.203, p=.001, <0.05), M&E system process (β=.071, p=.001, <0.05) and M&E system outputs (β=.315, p=.000, <0.05) on the performance of urban local governments in Jinja District.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: There are weaknesses in the M&E systems in urban local governments in Jinja District in terms of failure to track results despite the huge investments in area of M&E. Therefore, there is need to strengthen the M&E systems of urban local governments in Jinja district by; placing trained M&E human resource; developing M&E frameworks and developing costed M&E work plans Future studies should examine the perception of local government employees on the institutionalization of M&E system in the public sector of Uganda.
Effect of obesity on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum among Moroccan women
Authors: Lamtali Saloua , Boussaa Samia 
Published: December 2021

Background: Overweight and obesity among Moroccan adults is continually growing affecting one in three adults from which 63.1% are women. Obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal and fetal complications. The conditions of delivery are also more difficult. Objective: we aimed to describe the complications of obesity occurring in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum among obese women in Morocco. Material and methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted, in 2017, in two Hospital maternities in Marrakech. A sample of 200 women, who had just given birth, and have a Body Mass Index more than 30 was recruited. Women sociodemographic conditions and data about complications occurring during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, were collected meaning a structured interview and from participants' birth records. We used The SPSS software to realize descriptive analysis of data. Results: we noticed more than 37% of severe obesity and morbid obesity among participants. Several complications were noticed. Gestational diabetes occurs first (23%), followed by preeclampsia (14%). More than 38% of women gave birth by cesarean section. Almost 33% of participants had postpartum complications, the most common being infection (13%) and hemorrhage (12%). Conclusion: the high incidence of complications in obese women during pregnancy, childbirth and post partum emphasizes the need of a women nutritional management in preconception and during pregnancy to minimize complications.
A química no cinema: desvendando cenas de filmes para a ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Seminatti Guilherme , Barbosa Rafaela de Souza , Nascimento Thayná Victoria Silva , Andre Marcelo Fabiano 
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho analisa um compilado de cenas de filmes, estabelecendo uma relação entre realidade e ficção sob a perspectiva da ciência das transformações, popularmente conhecida como química, com o objetivo de utilizá-las no processo de ensino-aprendizagem desta ciência. Para isso, foi realizada uma apresentação ao vivo no youtube, onde os trechos pudessem ser explicados cientificamente pelos licenciandos em química e participantes do PIBID do IFSP campus Catanduva, na IV Semana da Química da mesma instituição.
ROLE OF MACHINE VISION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF KIDNEY STONES USING MULTI FEATURES ANALYSIS
Authors: Salman Qadri  
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to highlight the significance of machine vision for the Classification of kidney stone identification. A novel optimized fused texture features frame work was designed to identify the stones in kidney. A fused 234 texture feature namely (GLCM, RLM and Histogram) feature set was acquired by each region of interest (ROI). It was observed that on each image 8 ROI’s of sizes (16x16, 20x20 and 22x22) were taken. It was difficult to handle a large feature space 280800 (1200x234). Now to overcome this data handling issue we have applied feature optimization technique namely POE+ACC and acquired 30 most optimized features set for each ROI. The optimized fused features data set 3600(1200x30) was used to four machine vision Classifiers that is Random Forest, MLP, j48 and Naïve Bayes. Finally, it was observed that Random Forest provides best results of 90% accuracy on ROI 22x22 among the above discussed deployed Classifiers
PERBEDAAN PROFIL LIPID TIKUS RATTUS NORVEGICUS PADA PEMBERIAN DIET KETOGENIK LEMAK JENUH DAN LEMAK TIDAK JENUH SELAMA EMPAT MINGGU
Authors: Liona Dewi Dewa Ayu , Muliono Ari Christy , Waworuntu Gladdy Lysias , Ongkodjojo Evelyn 
Published: December 2021

Latar Belakang. Diet ketogenik merupakan diet populer untuk menurunkan berat badan dengan efek terhadap profil lipid masih inkonsisten.
Tujuan Penelitian. Menganalisis perbedaan profil lipid tikus Rattus norvegicus pada pemberian pakan ketogenik dengan komposisi lemak 80% (jenuh dan tidak jenuh), protein 15% dan karbohidrat 5% selama 4 minggu.
Metodologi. Desain penelitian true experimental dengan posttest only control group design. Tikus jantan dengan berat badan 125-150 g dibagi secara random dalam 3 kelompok (P0, P1 dan P2) menerima diet 25-30 kkal/hari sesuai dengan kebutuhan energi harian tikus. P0 kelompok kontrol menerima pakan tikus biasa. P1 menerima diet ketogenik lemak jenuh dari margarin. P2 menerima diet ketogenik lemak tak jenuh dari minyak zaitun ekstra virgin. Kolesterol total, LDL, HDL dan trigliserida diperiksa pada minggu ke 2 dan 4. Data dianalisis dengan Uji t Independen dan Mann Whitney (p<0,05).
Hasil. Pada P1 terdapat perbedaan kadar HDL yang signifikan (38 menjadi 22,40 mg/dL, p=0,005) namun perbedaan kadar kolesterol total, LDL dan kadar trigliserida tidak signifikan. Pada P2 didapatkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar kolesterol total (93,20 menjadi 67,80 mg/dL, p=0,042), HDL (29,40 menjadi 22,20 mg/dL, p=0,004), LDL (25,60 menjadi 13,80 mg/dL, p=0,009), dan trigliserida (100,80 menjadi 51,40 mg/dL, p=0,016). Pada P0 tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan.
Kesimpulan. Diet ketogenik dengan lemak tidak jenuh selama 4 minggu menunjukkan efek yang menguntungkan dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, LDL dan trigliserida pada tikus Rattus norvegicus.
kata kunci: diet ketogenik, lemak jenuh, lemak tidak jenuh, kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, trigliserida
Gambaran Faktor Predisposisi yang Mempengaruhi Gangguan Jiwa di Puskesmas Desa Bantur Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Diah Kusuma  , Indari  , Dian Pitaloka Priasmoro  
Published: December 2021

Gangguan jiwa adalah bentuk gangguan yang menyebabkan penderitanya susah bersosialisasi dan menimbulkan beban bagi keluarga. Penyebab gangguan jiwa sampai saat ini tidak diketahui secara pasti, namun berdasarkan sumber teori disebabkan karena faktor predisposisi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor predis posisi yang berpengaruh terjadinya gangguan jiwa. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan accidental sampling selama 3 minggu. Sampel penelitian ini 25 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Faktor predisposisi yang paling banyak pada biologis adalah genetik 9 responden (36%), pada psikologis yang paling banyak adalah pengalaman tidak menyenangkan
12 responden (48%), dan pada sosial yang paling banyak adalah tidak bekerja/memiliki penghasilan yang kurang 12 responden (48%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan intervensi keperawatan pada klien dengan gangguan jiwa tidak hanya mengobati tanda dan gejala tetapi juga dapat mencegah gangguan jiwa untuk mengurangi faktor-faktor tersebut.