bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stumpfstöße bei hochbewehrten Fertigteilstützen und großen Stabdurchmessern
Authors: Matz Henrik , Empelmann Martin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWährend die Vorfertigung von Betonbauteilen im Industriebau bereits seit einigen Jahren gängige Praxis ist, gewinnt die Fertigteilbauweise auch im Einsatz in Hochhäusern kontinuierlich an Bedeutung. Ausgeführte Bauvorhaben zeigen, dass sich hierdurch neben beschleunigten Baufortschritten auch hochwertige und wirtschaftliche Bauausführungen realisieren lassen. Ein weiterer Trend ist die Verwendung von hohen Längsbewehrungsgraden und großen Stabdurchmessern, durch den geringere Stützenabmessungen und größere nutzbare Flächen generiert werden. Für Hochhäuser müssen die Fügestellen der Fertigteilstützen zur zuverlässigen Übertragung von hohen Normalkräften ausgebildet werden. Während das Tragverhalten von stumpf gestoßenen Fertigteilstützen aus normalfestem und hochfestem Beton bereits eingehend untersucht wurde, fehlen jedoch Untersuchungen und Erfahrungen mit stumpf gestoßenen Fertigteilstützen bei Verwendung von hohen Bewehrungsgraden und großen Stabdurchmessern. Im vorliegenden Bericht werden experimentelle Untersuchungen an stumpf gestoßenen hochbewehrten Stahlbetonstützen beschrieben und ausgewertet. Mithilfe eines FE‐Modells wird das Tragverhalten von Stumpfstößen beschrieben und eine erste Parameterstudie zu Einflüssen auf die Tragfähigkeit von Stumpfstößen durchgeführt. Anhand dieser Auswertung wird die Übertragbarkeit vorhandener Regelungen bzw. Vorschläge bewertet.
Maximin design of cluster randomized trials with heterogeneous costs and variances
Authors: van Breukelen Gerard J. P. , Candel Math J. J. M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCluster randomized trials evaluate the effect of a treatment on persons nested within clusters, with clusters being randomly assigned to treatment. The optimal sample size at the cluster and person level depends on the study cost per cluster and per person, and the outcome variance at the cluster and the person level. The variances are unknown in the design stage and can differ between treatment arms. As a solution, this paper presents a Maximin design that maximizes the minimum relative efficiency (relative to the optimal design) over the variance parameter space, for trials with two treatment arms and a quantitative outcome. This maximin relative efficiency design (MMRED) is compared with a published Maximin design which maximizes the minimum efficiency (MMED). Both designs are also compared with the optimal designs for homogeneous costs and variances (balanced design) and heterogeneous costs and homogeneous variances (cost‐conscious design), for a range of variances based upon three published trials. Whereas the MMED is balanced under high uncertainty about the treatment‐to‐control variance ratio, the MMRED then tends towards a balanced budget allocation between arms, leading to an unbalanced sample size allocation if costs are heterogeneous, similar to the cost‐conscious design. Further, the MMRED corresponds to an optimal design for an intraclass correlation (ICC) in the lower half of the assumed ICC range (optimistic), whereas the MMED is the optimal design for the maximum ICC within the ICC range (pessimistic). Attention is given to the effect of the Welch–Satterthwaite degrees of freedom for treatment effect testing on the design efficiencies.
Teaching choice‐making within activity schedules to children with autism
Authors: Deel Nicole M. , Brodhead Matthew T. , Akers Jessica S. , White Allison N. , Miranda David Ray G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThough the value of choice‐making opportunities in behavioral interventions is well established, specific demonstrations of its applications are limited. In this study, we first taught participants to independently complete two types of activity schedules: a choice activity schedule (i.e., one that allowed the participants to choose the sequence of activities) and a no choice activity schedule (i.e., one in which the sequence was predetermined by the researcher). Then, we evaluated participant preference between the before‐mentioned schedules, and a control activity schedule (i.e., baseline contingencies). Obtained preference was idiosyncratic across participants, highlighting the importance of individualized preference assessments in the context of play. Implications and future directions are discussed, including a refined framework for incorporating choice into independent activity schedule completion.
Volumetric glutamate imaging (GluCEST) using 7T MRI can lateralize nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy: A preliminary study
Authors: Hadar Peter N. , Kini Lohith G. , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Shinohara Russell T. , Chen Stephanie H. , Shah Preya , Wisse Laura E. M. , Elliott Mark A. , Hariharan Hari , Reddy Ravinder , Detre John A. , Stein Joel M. , Das Sandhitsu , Davis Kathryn A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionDrug‐resistant epilepsy patients show worse outcomes after resection when standard neuroimaging is nonlesional, which occurs in one‐third of patients. In prior work, we employed 2‐D glutamate imaging, Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST), to lateralize seizure onset in nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) based on increased ipsilateral GluCEST signal in the total hippocampus and hippocampal head. We present a significant advancement to single‐slice GluCEST imaging, allowing for three‐dimensional analysis of brain glutamate networks.MethodsThe study population consisted of four MRI‐negative, nonlesional TLE patients (two male, two female) with electrographically identified left temporal onset seizures. Imaging was conducted on a Siemens 7T MRI scanner using the CEST method for glutamate, while the advanced normalization tools (ANTs) pipeline and the Automated Segmentation of the Hippocampal Subfields (ASHS) method were employed for image analysis.ResultsVolumetric GluCEST imaging was validated in four nonlesional TLE patients showing increased glutamate lateralized to the hippocampus of seizure onset (p = .048, with a difference among ipsilateral to contralateral GluCEST signal percentage ranging from −0.05 to 1.37), as well as increased GluCEST signal in the ipsilateral subiculum (p = .034, with a difference among ipsilateral to contralateral GluCEST signal ranging from 0.13 to 1.57).ConclusionsThe ability of 3‐D, volumetric GluCEST to localize seizure onset down to the hippocampal subfield in nonlesional TLE is an improvement upon our previous 2‐D, single‐slice GluCEST method. Eventually, we hope to expand volumetric GluCEST to whole‐brain glutamate imaging, thus enabling noninvasive analysis of glutamate networks in epilepsy and potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes.
An Ortho‐Tetraphenylene‐Based “Geländer” Architecture Consisting Exclusively of 52 sp2‐Hybridized C Atoms
Authors: Dekkiche Hervé , Malinčik Juraj , Prescimone Alessandro , Häussinger Daniel , Mayor Marcel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA new type of “Geländer” molecule based on a ortho‐tetraphenylene core is presented. The central para‐quaterphenyl backbone is wrapped by a 4,4’‐di((Z)‐styryl)‐1,1’‐biphenyl banister, with its aryl rings covalently attached to all four phenyl rings of the backbone. The resulting helical chiral bicyclic architecture consists exclusively of sp2‐hybridized carbon atoms. The target structure was assembled by expanding the central ortho‐tetraphenylene subunit with the required additional phenyl rings followed by a twofold macrocyclization. The first macrocyclization attempts based on a twofold McMurry coupling were successful but low yielding; the second strategy, profiting from olefin metathesis, provided satisfying yields. Hydrogenation of the olefins resulted in a saturated derivative of similar topology, thereby allowing the interdependence between saturation and physico‐chemical properties to be studied. The target structures, including their solid‐state structures, were fully characterized. The helical chiral bicycle was synthesized as a racemate and separated into pure enantiomers by HPLC on a chiral stationary phase. Comparison of recorded and simulated chiroptical properties allowed the enantiomers to be assigned.
Outcomes of TP53‐mutant acute myeloid leukemia with decitabine and venetoclax
Authors: Kim Kunhwa , Maiti Abhishek , Loghavi Sanam , Pourebrahim Rasoul , Kadia Tapan M. , Rausch Caitlin R. , Furudate Ken , Daver Naval G. , Alvarado Yesid , Ohanian Maro , Sasaki Koji , Short Nicholas J. , Takahashi Koichi , Yilmaz Musa , Tang Guilin , Ravandi Farhad , Kantarjian Hagop M. , DiNardo Courtney D. , Konopleva Marina Y. 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundTP53 mutation (TP53mut) confers an adverse prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Venetoclax with hypomethylating agents is a current standard for older patients; however, recent reports suggest that TP53mut confers resistance to venetoclax. The authors investigated the outcomes of patients with TP53mut AML who were treated with a 10‐day decitabine and venetoclax (DEC10‐VEN) (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03404193).MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed AML received decitabine 20 mg/m2 for 10 days every 4 to 6 weeks for induction, followed by decitabine for 5 days after response. The venetoclax dose was 400 mg daily. TP53mut was identified in bone marrow samples using next‐generation sequencing, with sensitivity of 5%. Outcomes were analyzed according to European LeukemiaNet 2017 guidelines.ResultsAmong 118 patients (median age, 72 years; age range, 49‐89 years), 63 (53%) had secondary AML, 39 (33%) had AML with complex karyotype, and 35 (30%) had TP53mut AML. The median TP53 variant allele frequency was 32% (interquartile range, 16%‐65%), 8 patients (23%) had only a single TP53 mutation, 15 (43%) had multiple mutations, and 12 (34%) had mutation and deletion. Outcomes were significantly worse in patients who had TP53mut AML compared with those who had wild‐type TP53 AML, with an overall response rate of 66% vs 89% (P = .002), a complete response/complete response with incomplete hematologic recovery rate of 57% vs 77% (P = .029), and a 60‐day mortality of 26% vs 4% (P < .001), respectively. Patients with TP53mut versus wild‐type TP53 had shorter overall survival at 5.2 versus 19.4 months, respectively (hazard ratio, 4.67; 95% CI, 2.44‐8.93; P < .0001), and shorter relapse‐free survival at 3.4 versus 18.9 months (hazard ratio, 4.80; 95% CI, 1.97‐11.69; P < .0001), respectively. Outcomes with DEC10‐VEN in patients with TP53mut AML were comparable to historical results with 10‐day decitabine alone.ConclusionsPatients with TP53mut AML have lower response rates and shorter survival with DEC10‐VEN.
Impact of COVID‐19 outbreak on Italian healthcare workers versus general population: Results from an online survey
Authors: Mansueto Giovanni , Lopes Fabiana Leão , Grassi Luigi , Cosci Fiammetta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveCOVID‐19 pandemic has been a stressful condition. We explored life changes and health‐related consequences of COVID‐19 outbreak in Italian healthcare workers in comparison to the general population.MethodsA total of 593 subjects participated to the online CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey. Life events and changes, physical health and worries were evaluated referring to 2 weeks prior to the survey. Mood states and daily behaviour were retrospectively evaluated referring to 3 months before COVID‐19 (T1) and 2 weeks prior to the survey (T2). Student t test, Mann–Whitney test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were run.ResultsFive hundred and twenty‐one subjects were analysed (healthcare workers: n = 163, 31.84%; general population: n = 349, 68.16%). Healthcare workers were more likely to report fatigue and have spent more time outside home during the 2 weeks prior to the survey than the general population (χ2(df) = 266.03(17), p < 0.001, R2 = 0.57). From T1 to T2, healthcare workers had a significant increase in negative mood, worry, restlessness, loneliness and a decrease in happiness, while subjects from the general population had a statistically significant increase in negative mood, worry, attention, concentration difficulties and a decrease in happiness, pleasure related to daily activities, time spent outdoors and alcohol use.ConclusionIn the framework of a growing literature on healthcare workers' status during the COVID‐19 pandemic, the present study allowed to identify fatigue and loneliness as psychosomatic modifiable variables in need of being monitored and, possibly managed, to ameliorate the health status of healthcare workers.
Differences in the Platelet mRNA Landscape Portend Racial Disparities in Platelet Function and Suggest Novel Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Garofano Kaitlin , Park C. Sehwan , Alarcon Cristina , Avitia Juan , Barbour April , Diemert David , Fraser Claire M. , Friedman Paula N. , Horvath Anelia , Rashid Kameron , Shaazuddin Mohammed , Sidahmed Alfateh , O’Brien Travis J. , Perera Minoli A. , Lee Norman H. 
Published: July 2021

The African American (AA) population displays a 1.6 to 3‐fold higher incidence of thrombosis and stroke mortality compared with European Americans (EAs). Current antiplatelet therapies target the ADP‐mediated signaling pathway, which displays significant pharmacogenetic variation for platelet reactivity. The focus of this study was to define underlying population differences in platelet function in an effort to identify novel molecular targets for future antiplatelet therapy. We performed deep coverage RNA‐Seq to compare gene expression levels in platelets derived from a cohort of healthy volunteers defined by ancestry determination. We identified > 13,000 expressed platelet genes of which 480 were significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AAs and EAs. DEGs encoding proteins known or predicted to modulate platelet aggregation, morphology, or platelet count were upregulated in AA platelets. Numerous G‐protein coupled receptors, ion channels, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines not previously associated with platelet function were likewise differentially expressed. Many of the signaling proteins represent potential pharmacologic targets of intervention. Notably, we confirmed the differential expression of cytokinesIL32andPROK2in an independent cohort by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and provide functional validation of the opposing actions of these two cytokines on collagen‐induced AA platelet aggregation. Using Genotype‐Tissue Expression whole blood data, we identified 516 expression quantitative trait locuses with Fst values > 0.25, suggesting that population‐differentiated alleles may contribute to differences in gene expression. This study identifies gene expression differences at the population level that may affect platelet function and serve as potential biomarkers to identify cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, our analysis uncovers candidate novel druggable targets for future antiplatelet therapies.
Corporate social responsibility perceptions and sustainable safety behaviors among frontline employees: The mediating roles of organization‐based self‐esteem and work engagement
Authors: Hur Won‐Moo , Rhee Seung‐Yoon , Lee Eun Ju , Park Hyewon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the relationship between perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable safety behaviors among frontline employees. Drawing on social identity and social exchange theories, this study hypothesized that frontline employees' organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE) and work engagement mediate the relationship between CSR perceptions and sustainable safety behaviors. Using data collected from 222 flight attendants in South Korea, structural equation modeling was conducted to test the research hypotheses. The results showed that CSR perceptions were positively related to extra‐role safety behaviors. Further, OBSE mediated the positive relationship between CSR perceptions and extra‐role safety behaviors, and work engagement mediated the positive relationship between CSR perceptions and in‐role safety behaviors. The theoretical and managerial implications as well as the study limitations are articulated. Additionally, future research directions for promoting sustainable safety practices in high‐contact service settings are suggested.
Stakeholder pressure for eco‐friendly practices, international orientation, and eco‐innovation: A study of small and medium‐sized enterprises in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Phong , Adomako Samuel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe literature on stakeholder management suggests that involving stakeholders in the decision‐making process of firms is an ethical requirement and a valuable strategic resource for businesses to derive competitive advantage. However, the extent to which stakeholder pressure influences eco‐product innovation lacks theoretical clarity. This article extends the eco‐innovation literature by investigating the role of stakeholder pressure on eco‐innovation through the mediating mechanism of environmental commitment. In addition, it examines the moderating impact of international orientation on the environment commitment–eco‐innovation nexus. The results from a sample of 255 Vietnamese small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) indicate that the influence of both primary and secondary stakeholder pressure on eco‐innovation is mediated by environmental commitment. In addition, the positive relationship between environmental commitment and eco‐innovation increases with a firm's level of international orientation. The findings provide a nuanced understanding of the role of stakeholder in eco‐innovation.
Generation of plasma cells and CD27−IgD− B cells during hantavirus infection is associated with distinct pathological findings
Authors: Kerkman Priscilla F , Dernstedt Andy , Tadala Lalitha , Mittler Eva , Dannborg Mirjam , Sundling Christopher , Maleki Kimia T , Tauriainen Johanna , Tuiskunen‐Bäck Anne , Wigren Byström Julia , Ocaya Pauline , Thunberg Therese , Jangra Rohit K , Román‐Sosa Gleyder , Guardado‐Calvo Pablo , Rey Felix A , Klingström Jonas , Chandran Kartik , Puhar Andrea , Ahlm Clas , Forsell Mattias NE 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveHuman hantavirus infections can cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood, nor if they affect the humoral immune system. The objective of this study was to investigate humoral immune responses to hantavirus infection and to correlate them to the typical features of HFRS: thrombocytopenia and transient kidney dysfunction.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive characterisation of longitudinal antiviral B‐cell responses of 26 hantavirus patients and combined this with paired clinical data. In addition, we measured extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its breakdown products in circulation and performed in vitro stimulations to address its effect on B cells.ResultsWe found that thrombocytopenia was correlated to an elevated frequency of plasmablasts in circulation. In contrast, kidney dysfunction was indicative of an accumulation of CD27−IgD− B cells and CD27−/low plasmablasts. Finally, we provide evidence that high levels of extracellular ATP and matrix metalloproteinase 8 can contribute to shedding of CD27 during human hantavirus infection.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that thrombocytopenia and kidney dysfunction associate with distinctly different effects on the humoral immune system. Moreover, hantavirus‐infected individuals have significantly elevated levels of extracellular ATP in circulation.
Plant material selection, collection, preservation, and storage for nuclear DNA content estimation
Authors: Čertner Martin , Lučanová Magdalena , Sliwinska Elwira , Kolář Filip , Loureiro João 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn theory, any plant tissue providing intact nuclei in sufficient quantity is suitable for nuclear DNA content estimation using flow cytometry (FCM). While this certainly opens a wide variety of possible applications of FCM, especially when compared to classical karyological techniques restricted to tissues with active cell division, tissue selection and quality may directly affect the precision (and sometimes even reliability) of FCM measurements. It is usually convenient to first consider the goals of the study to either aim for the highest possible accuracy of estimates (e.g., for inferring genome size, detecting homoploid intraspecific genome size variation, aneuploidy, among others), or to decide that histograms of reasonable resolution provide sufficient information (e.g., ploidy level screening within a single model species). Here, a set of best practices guidelines for selecting the optimal plant tissue for FCM analysis, sampling of material, and material preservation and storage are provided. In addition, factors potentially compromising the quality of FCM estimates of nuclear DNA content and data interpretation are discussed.
Low complexity iterative decoding of Reed–Solomon convolutional concatenated codes
Authors: Samy Ramy , Mahran Ashraf , Mohasseb Yahya 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe power limitation is the predominant challenge for achieving a reliable communication transmission for aerospace systems. Therefore, it is appealing to use robust channel coding techniques with a low decoding complexity. The robust forward error correction scheme that uses a Reed–Solomon as an outer code concatenated with a convolutional code as an inner code is an attractive scheme whose applications are widely used in wireless and space communications. However, iterative soft‐decision decoding of that concatenated code is still an open research challenge. This paper proposes a reduced complexity iterative decoding algorithm for this concatenated coding scheme. The soft‐output adaptive Viterbi algorithm with a dynamic discarding threshold has been adopted to decode the inner convolutional code while the outer decoder will be based on a bit‐level modified Chase algorithm. We have used the Hamming metric instead of the Euclidean metric, which is not only much less complex but also overcomes the lack of channel information on the outer decoder input. Simulation results using the proposed soft information exchange decoding mechanism show that a considerable performance enhancement over the classical decoding scheme as well as a significant reduction in complexity over the existing decoding algorithms that use an iterative process to decode this concatenated coding scheme. The adaptive decoding of the inner convolutional code can gain a complexity reduction of 90%after 5 iterations compared to the soft‐output Viterbi algorithm while maintaining the small performance loss from the maximum a posteriori decoding algorithm.