bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pharmacological Mechanism of Guchangzhixie Capsule Against Experimental Colitis
Authors: Yan Jing , Yu Wei , Lu Chang , Liu Chen , Wang Guoliang , Jiang Lu , Jiang Zizheng , Qin Zheng 
Published: November 2021

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the major type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by an overactive immune response and destruction of colorectal epithelium with intricate pathological factors. Guchangzhixie (GCZX) capsule, included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020, has been widely utilized against UC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. In the present study, a murine model of experimental colitis was established by orally feeding 4% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 5 days and subsequently subjecting to GCZX treatment for another 15 days. Network pharmacology analysis was performed to predict the pertinent mechanisms of GCZX capsule. Cellular experiments examining the functional changes of intestinal organoids (IOs), macrophages (Mφs), and human colon epithelial cell cells (NCM460 cell line) after GCZX therapy were performed. Sequencing of 16S rRNA was conducted on the stools from the mouse model. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was utilized to detect serum metabolites. As a result, DSS induced experimental colitis, and this induction was alleviated by GCZX treatment, as evidenced by rescued pathological symptoms in UC mouse models, such as rectal bleeding stopping, decreased levels of albumin, interleukin-17, as well as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), and reduction in colon length. Network pharmacology analysis showed that GCZX-target genes were enriched in pathogen-induced infections, inflammatory pathways, as well as neoplastic processes. DSS treatment decreased microbial diversity and led to the accumulation of pathological bacterial, which was reversed by GCZX capsule. PICRUSt2 (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) based on profiles of microbiota composition demonstrated a decreased incidence of infectious disease and cancers after GCZX therapy. In full accordance with these data, GCZX administration suppressed Mφ transition to pro-inflammatory phenotype, alleviated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-compromised IOs functions, and decreased the recruitment of Mφs by epithelial cells. We conclude that GCZX capsule is an effective drug for UC and its pharmacological mechanisms involve re-establishing an anti-inflammatory milieu and favoring mucosal healing.
Immunological and Preventive Effects of Hochuekkito and Kakkonto Against Coronavirus Disease in Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Ogawa-Ochiai Keiko , Ishikawa Hideki , Li Hongyang , Vu Quang Lam , Kimoto Izumi , Takamura Mitsuyuki , Hongawa Tetsuya , Hane Yasuyuki , Suzuki Susumu , Okajima Masaki , Mori Keita , Ito Masanori , Takami Akiyoshi 
Published: November 2021

Amid the global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it may be expected that low-toxicity natural compounds, such as Kampo formulas, will have a preventive effect on COVID-19. Although the biological properties and safety of the representative Kampo compounds, hochuekkito (HET) and kakkonto (KKT), have been confirmed in various animal model experiments, clinical studies, and a few human studies to induce biological effects on various infectious diseases without significant toxicity, it is unclear whether HET and KKT are safe and effective for COVID-19 prevention. The study population included healthcare workers (HCWs), as they are at a higher risk of infection than the other populations. We retrospectively investigated the immunological and preventive effects of HET and KTT against COVID-19. We included 27 HCWs (aged 21–72 years, F:M = 18:9) from hospitals and clinics of the Hokuriku-Tokai region. The HCWs received HET and KKT for general fatigue and myalgia during this period for 28 days. We obtained patient clinical data from electronic medical records. We analyzed the changes in immunomodulation before and after the administration of the formulas from residual specimens based on the expression of relevant surface markers. The specimens were also tested for the presence of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The following side effects were reported: abdominal discomfort in five patients, diarrhea in two, and loose or soft stool in three. All 27 HCWs tested negative for COVID-19 antibodies. HET and KKT administration significantly increased the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes expressing the activating receptors NKp46, NKp30, and suppressing receptor NKG2A. There was also a significant increase in the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes expressing the receptors TLR4, OX40, 4–1BB, GITR, PD-1, and ICOS. These data indicate that HET and KKT can enhance and modulate NK activity in circulating human immune cells. The immunomodulatory effects, such as activation and regulation of T cells, are consistent with a putative improvement in infectious immunosurveillance. An increase in the number of T cells and CD4/CD8-positive cells indicates an enhanced ability to protect against infection. HET and KKT may prevent the onset or worsening of COVID-19 through their immunomodulatory effects.
Interpretation Bias in Breast Cancer Survivors Experiencing Fear of Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Tuman Malwina , Roberts Kailey E. , Corner Geoffrey , Beard Courtney , Fadalla Carol , Coats Taylor , Slivjak Elizabeth , Schofield Elizabeth , Lichtenthal Wendy G. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a prevalent and persistent challenge that many cancer survivors endure. While the role of interpretation bias, a tendency to perceive ambiguous situations as threatening, has been established in the onset and maintenance of FCR, few studies have examined cancer-related interpretation bias specifically. Grounded in the cognitive formulation of FCR, the current study aimed to fill this gap by investigating the relationship between cancer-related interpretation bias, FCR, and somatic symptoms, and examining whether bias mediates the relationship between somatic symptoms and FCR.Materials and Methods: This study used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a cognitive bias modification intervention. Breast cancer survivors (n = 110) provided demographic and medical background information as well as self-report measures of FCR and severity of somatic symptoms. A computer-based assessment of interpretation bias was used to measure cancer-related interpretation bias on several bias indices: percentage of cancer-related threat endorsement, and percentage of benign endorsement; mean reaction time (RT) for threat, and mean RT for benign endorsement.Results: Higher threat endorsement was linked to higher Overall Fear and emerged as a mediator of the relationship between overall somatic symptoms and Overall Fear. We also found that older age was related to longer benign endorsement RT.Conclusion: This study contributes understanding of factors related to cancer-related interpretation bias and provides evidence that bias may influence the relationship between somatic symptoms and FCR in cancer survivors.
Defining Spirituality in Healthcare: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Framework
Authors: de Brito Sena Marina Aline , Damiano Rodolfo Furlan , Lucchetti Giancarlo , Peres Mario Fernando Prieto 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To investigate the definitions of spirituality in the healthcare field, identifying its main dimensions and proposing a framework that operationalizes the understanding of this concept.Methods: This is a systematic review following the PRISMA guideline (PROSPERO: CRD42021262091), searching for spirituality definitions published in scientific journals. Searches were carried out in PubMed (all articles listed up to October 2020) and in the reference lists of the articles found in the database, followed by selection under specific eligibility criteria.Results: From a total of 493 articles, 166 were included in the final analysis, showing that there is a large body of scientific literature proposing and analyzing spirituality definitions. In these articles, 24 spirituality dimensions were found, most commonly related to the connectedness and meaning of life. Spirituality was presented as a human and individual aspect. These findings led us to construct a framework that represents spirituality as a quantifiable construct.Conclusions: Understanding spirituality is an important aspect for healthcare research and clinical practice. This proposed framework may help to better understand the complexity of this topic, where advances are desirable, given the relevance it has acquired for integral health care.
Sociodemographic Correlates of Organized Sports Participation in a Sample of Middle School Students in China
Authors: Ren Tao , Yan Jin , Sun Qiang 
Published: November 2021

Background: Organized sport participation (OSP) is considered as one method with the potential to increase overall physical activity (PA) levels in young people. It is essential to understand the correlates of OSP to inform future PA interventions.Purpose: This study aimed to explore the sociodemographic correlates of OSP among middle school students from the Nanjing City of China.Methods: A total of 7,097 adolescents (50.1% girls) aged 12–15 years from Nanjing, China, were recruited in this survey. Self-reported data on sex, grade, race, residence areas, proficient sport skills, and parental highest education were obtained. OSP was assessed by the question asked in the questionnaire on whether participants were involved in any “sports club or team” with the binary answer options of “yes” and “no,” for statistical analysis purposes. Generalized linear models were used to determine the correlates of OSP.Results: Only 16.6% reported participating in any organized sport over the past whole year, while boys (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18–1.53) and 7th graders (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.18–1.65) were more likely to participate in organized sport. Adolescents being Han ethnicity were less likely to either participate in organized sport (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40–0.92), or masterless (one or two) proficient sport skills [OR (one) = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.20–0.37; OR (two) = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36–0.50]. Besides, both residence area and parental highest education were not significantly associated with OSP among the participating adolescents.Conclusion: The current study confirmed that only one-sixth of adolescents participate in the organized sport over the past year. At-risk population subgroups include girls, older adolescents, being Han ethnicity, and those proficient in fewer sport skills. Sex, grades, race, and proficient sport skills were significant correlates of OSP. School, community, and families need to provide more resources and support for disadvantaged populations in OSP.
Knowledge and Challenges Associated With Hearing Impairment in Affected Individuals From Cameroon (Sub-Saharan Africa)
Authors: Wonkam-Tingang Edmond , Kengne Kamga Karen , Adadey Samuel Mawuli , Nguefack Seraphin , De Kock Carmen , Munung Nchangwi Syntia , Wonkam Ambroise 
Published: November 2021

Background: This study aimed to gain an understanding of the challenges faced by people with hearing impairment (HI) in Cameroon, their understanding of the causes of HI, and how challenges could be remedied to improve the quality of life of persons with HI.Methods: Semi-structured one-on-one in-depth interviews and observation of participant behaviour when answering questions were used to collect data from 10 HI professionals (healthcare workers and educationists), and 10 persons affected by HI (including caregivers).Results: The results show that the different groups associate the causes of HI to genetics, environmental factors, and a spiritual curse. There were reported cases of stigma and discrimination of persons with HI, with people sometimes referring to HI as an “intellectual disorder.” Interviewees also highlighted the difficulty persons with HI have in accessing education and healthcare services and suggested the need for the government and health researchers to develop strategies for the prevention and early diagnosis of HI. These strategies include (1) the awareness of the general population regarding HI, (2) the development of facilities for the proper management and new-born screening of HI, and (3) the implementation of a premarital screening to reduce the burden of HI of genetic origin.Conclusions: This study confirms the difficult social interaction and access to proper management faced by persons with HI in Cameroon and further highlights the need to educate populations on the causes of HI for a better acceptance of individuals with HI in the Cameroonian society.
Indicators of Health-Related Quality of Life in Cats With Degenerative Joint Disease: Systematic Review and Proposal of a Conceptual Framework
Authors: Yeowell Gillian , Burns Danielle , Fatoye Francis , Gebrye Tadesse , Wright Andrea , Mwacalimba Kennedy , Odeyemi Isaac 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: The assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is becoming increasingly important in companion animals. This study describes a systematic review and development of a proposed conceptual framework to assess HRQoL in cats with osteoarthritis (OA).Methods: The conceptual framework was developed according to published guidelines. A comprehensive search of the CAB Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases was carried out for publications in English from inception to November 12, 2019. Search words used were “cat”, “feline”, “chronic pain”, “pain”, and “quality of life”. Publications were selected if they were full-text and peer-reviewed, based on primary data, and identified or measured behavioral symptoms of chronic musculoskeletal pain in cats. A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A data extraction form was developed from categories identified in the literature review and piloted on a small number of studies to ascertain the appropriateness for relevant data extraction. Categories were then finalized, and key domains were identified. The domains were then synthesized to develop a conceptual framework.Results: A total of 454 studies were identified, of which 14 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-synthesis. All 14 were assessed to be of good quality. Seven domains related to HRQoL in cats with OA were thematically identified from the data: mobility, physical appearance, energy and vitality, mood, pain expression, sociability, and physical and mental wellbeing. The three main HRQoL domains were pain expression, mobility, and physical and mental wellbeing, which impacted all the others. Pain and mobility impacted all six other domains, with increased pain and decreased mobility negatively impacting physical appearance, energy and vitality, mood, sociability, and physical and mental wellbeing.Conclusions and Relevance: This is the first study to develop an evidence-based conceptual framework for the assessment of HRQoL in cats with OA. The proposed conceptual framework suggests that effective management of chronic pain in cats may improve their overall HRQoL.
LA VISIÓN ECOLÓGICA EMPRESARIAL EN LA RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL Y EN LA MERCADOTECNIA SUSTENTABLE DEL SECTOR TURISMO
Authors: Hernández-Ponce Oscar Ernesto , Saucedo-Monarque Javier , Borboa-Álvarez Edith Patrícia 
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la visión ecológica empresarial de los prestadores de servicios turísticos conformada por la planeación ecológica empresarial y por la inversión en ecología; y su la relación con la responsabilidad social y con la mercadotecnia sustentable.
Se optó por le método cuantitativo no experimental con un análisis estadístico multivariante inferencial, utilizando el modelo de Regresión Lineal Múltiple para la aceptación o rechazo de las hipótesis de investigación. La muestra fue probabilística aleatoria, estratificada conformada por los prestadores de servicios turísticos del destino de Bahías de Huatulco, en Oaxaca y en el Municipio de Guaymas, Sonora en México.
Se concluye que al trabajar desde la lata dirección con una visión ecológica empresarial, se impactará positivamente en la Responsabilidad Social y en la mercadotecnia sustentable de los empresas prestadoras de servicios turísticos.
ESTUDIO MERCADOLÓGICO PARA LA REACTIVACIÓN DEL CENTRO ECOTURÍSTICO TZISCAO EN LA TRINITARIA, CHIAPAS
Authors: Yáñez-Domínguez Francisco Gabriel , Novelo-Galindo María Lucrecia , Guillén-Domínguez Yolanda Del Rosario 
Published: November 2021

El turismo es un fenómeno muy complejo que involucra diversos aspectos tanto ecológicos, económicos, sociales y culturales, así como diversos actores (turistas, pobladores, autoridades e instituciones) y donde por lo general poca atención se le ha prestado a los aspectos sociales y culturales de dicho fenómeno, es decir que en quienes se ha reparado poco es en los pobladores locales con su historia y sus condiciones sociales y culturales específicas, y quienes en última instancia son los que le dan concreción al planteamiento teórico. La necesidad de desarrollar el presente estudio mercadológico nace por la necesidad de aumentar la afluencia turística a los centros eco turísticos del municipio de La Trinitaria ya que estos cuentan con una gran riqueza ambiental, para conocer mejor el potencial y generar estrategias de mercado se plantea una metodología descriptiva para identificar los factores clave de éxito de los centros, la cual fue apoyado por una colectada de información con trabajo de campo, realizando esto 4 de los principales centros eco turísticos del municipio señalado con la final de obtener resultados en la definición de estrategias que le ayudaran a que sean más competitivos y obtengas beneficios económicos provenientes del incremento de la demanda turística.
МУЗИЧНЕ МИСТЕЦТВО ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ МОРАЛЬНО-ДУХОВНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ
Authors: Потапчук Тетяна , Клепар Марія , Фабрика-Процька Ольга 
Published: November 2021

Визначення статусу мистецтва, зокрема, музичнoго, та рoзуміння діяльнісної перспективи впливу музики на мoральність та духoвність учня, допоможе розв’язати основне питання музично-педагогічної освіти, постулатом якої стає становлення особистості (інтелектуальне та художнє) як pезультат її самopoзвитку і poзвитку її твopчих пoтенцій, що забезпечить всебічну підгoтoвку молодшого шкoляpа.
Відомо, що музичне мистецтво має властивість не лише формувати емоційний досвід, але й просвітлювати, очищати людські переживання. Цей очищувальний вплив - катарсис - є доказом зв’язку музичної творчості з вищими людськими цінностями.
Музичне мистецтво перш за все мистецтво емоцій, проте це мистецтво здатне впливати на інтелектуальну сферу особистості, збагачуючи її знання про морально-духовні цінності. В цьому випадку музичний твір є джерелом інформації про художній світогляд певного періоду, напряму, національної школи митця.
Впливаючи на людину насамперед через переживання, музичне мистецтво володіє унікальною здатністю активізувати емоційну сприйнятливість, збагачувати досвід почувань, а, отже, всебічно розвивати особистість, її ціннісні установки, загальну культуру.
Завдяки морально-духовним цінностям, музичне мистецтво, особливо духовна музика, дає людині можливість пережити чуже життя як своє, збагатитися досвідом багатьох поколінь, зробити його фактом свого буття. Мистецтво спонукає до співпереживання (емпатії), співчуття, здатності зрозуміти емоційний стан іншої людини (синтонії), сприяє формуванню людських відносин, зокрема й морально-духовних цінностей.
Із усіх мистецтв, музика найбільш яскраво виражає сутність внутрішнього, особистісного життя людини, а значить і життя взагалі, оскільки самоспостереження є взагалі єдиним джерелом пізнання глибин буття.
РОЛЬ СІМ’Ї У МОРАЛЬНОМУ ВИХОВАННІ ДІТЕЙ
Authors: Поліщук Ольга 
Published: November 2021

У статті досліджується роль сім’ї в моральному вихованні дітей та розкрито особливості морального виховання. Обґрунтовано думку про те, що моральне виховання дуже важливе для повноцінного розвитку дитини. Моральне виховання дітей відбувається впродовж їхнього життя, і визначальне значення в становленні моральності дитини відіграють середовища, в якому вона розвивається і росте.
Автор доходить висновку, що навчити дитину моральних принципів – надзвичайно вагоме завдання для батьків. Сім’я - один з основних джерел морального виховання дітей. Правила поведінки, прийняті в сім’ї, дуже швидко засвоюються дитиною і сприймаються нею, як правила загальноприйнятої норми. Найперше завдання батьків полягає в тому, щоб допомогти дітям визначитися з об’єктами їхніх почуттів і зробити їх суспільно цінними. Почуття дозволяють людині відчути задоволення після зробленого правильного вчинку або змушують відчувати докори сумління, якщо моральні норми були порушені. Основа таких почуттів як раз і закладається в дитинстві, і завдання батьків допомогти в цьому своїй дитині. Обговорювати з нею моральні питання, допомогти сформувати систему моральних цінностей.
На основі вивчення психолого-педагогічної літератури встановлено, що розвиток моралі в дитини невіддільний від її соціального розвитку. Якщо з якихось причин дитина не має достатньо сформованих соціальних навичок, вона стає схильною до аморальної поведінки.
Effects of B2O3doping on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of (K,Na,Li)NbO3–BaZrO3–(Bi,Na)TiO3ceramics
Authors: Wei Nan , Karaki Tomoaki , Fujii Tadashi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract(K,Na,Li)NbO3–BaZrO3–(Bi,Na)TiO3–xB2O3(KNLN–BZ–BNT–xB2O3) ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The effects of B2O3content on dielectric and piezoelectric properties of KNLN–BZ–BNT ceramics were studied. Based on identification by X-ray diffraction, all samples showed a two-phase coexistence zone consisting of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. It was found that B2O3addition is effective both for obtaining a dense structure and for increasing the grain size of KNLN–BZ–BNT ceramics sintered at a low temperature. For ceramics withx = 0.5 wt%, the sintering temperature was observed to reduce from 1200 °C to 940 °C, while the samples maintained a high relative density around 97%. Because of the high densification and large grain size, the dielectric and piezoelectric properties improved. As a result, the ceramics withx = 0.5 wt% sintered at 940 °C exhibited good properties ofd33 = 197 pC N–1,kp = 0.29, tanδ = 0.029 andεr = 1889, together with a Curie temperature (Tc) of 222 °C.
Comment attribuer une canicule au changement climatique ?
Authors: Robin Yoann , Drouin Agathe , Soubeyroux Jean-Michel , Ribes Aurélien , Vautard Robert 
Published: November 2021

Nous proposons dans cet article d'appliquer une méthode d'attribution au changement climatique, pour la canicule de juillet 2019 sur la France métropolitaine. Nous décrivons d'abord comment l'attribution est effectuée. Ensuite, nous montrons qu'aujourd'hui le risque d'occurrence de ce type de canicule a été multiplié par au moins 10 et qu'en 2040 il sera multiplié par au moins 20. De plus, nous analysons le changement de risque à la fin du siècle pour deux scénarios climatiques : dans le meilleur des cas, nous reviendrons à la situation actuelle en 2100 ; dans un cas défavorable, des canicules similaires à celle de 2019 produiront des températures d'au moins 43 °C sur la moitié de la France.
We propose in this article to apply a method of attribution to climate change for the French Metropolitan heat wave of July 2019. We first describe how the attribution is performed. Then, we show that currently the risk of occurrence of this type of heat wave has been multiplied by at least 10, that in 2040 it will be multiplied by at least 20. In addition, we analyze the change in risk at the end of the century for two climate scenarios: in the best case we return to the current situation in 2100, in an unfavourable case heat waves similar to the one in 2019 will produce temperatures of at least 43 °C over half of France.