bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unpacking the effect of autonomous motivation on workplace performance: Engagement and distributive justice matter!
Authors: Roussillon Soyer Claude , Balkin David B. , Fall Amar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSelf‐determination theory explains the effects of autonomous motivation on work engagement and job performance. We use a self‐determination theory framework to examine the interaction between distributive justice and autonomous motivation in the context of the allocation of pay to employees. We performed an empirical study in France that took place over three time periods to examine this relationship. Our findings show that when autonomous motivation is high employee perceptions of distributive justice are viewed as a source of control and results in decreased levels of autonomous motivation, work engagement and performance. As such, practical implications for human resource management are proposed to manage the prominence of attention given to employee perceptions of distributive justice of their rewards so that it should not be too high. In a context of high autonomous motivation in the workplace, managers could use ex post rewards.
Cortical low‐frequency power correlates with behavioral impairment in animal model of focal limbic seizures
Authors: Gummadavelli Abhijeet , Martin Reese , Goshay Derek , Sieu Lim‐Anna , Xu Jingwen , Gruenbaum Benjamin F. , McCafferty Cian , Gerrard Jason L. , Blumenfeld Hal 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveImpairment in consciousness is a debilitating symptom during and after seizures; however, its mechanism remains unclear. Limbic seizures have been shown to spread to arousal circuitry to result in a "network inhibition" phenomenon. However, prior animal model studies did not relate physiological network changes to behavioral responses during or following seizures.MethodsFocal onset limbic seizures were induced while rats were performing an operant conditioned behavioral task requiring response to an auditory stimulus to quantify how and when impairment of behavioral response occurs. Correct responses were rewarded with sucrose. Cortical and hippocampal electrophysiology measured by local field potential recordings was analyzed for changes in low‐ and high‐frequency power in relation to behavioral responsiveness during seizures.ResultsAs seen in patients with seizures, ictal (p < .0001) and postictal (p = .0015) responsiveness was variably impaired. Analysis of cortical and hippocampal electrophysiology revealed that ictal (p = .002) and postictal (p = .009) frontal cortical low‐frequency 3–6‐Hz power was associated with poor behavioral performance. In contrast, the hippocampus showed increased power over a wide frequency range during seizures, and suppression postictally, neither of which were related to behavioral impairment.SignificanceThese findings support prior human studies of temporal lobe epilepsy as well as anesthetized animal models suggesting that focal limbic seizures depress consciousness through remote network effects on the cortex, rather than through local hippocampal involvement. By identifying the cortical physiological changes associated with impaired arousal and responsiveness in focal seizures, these results may help guide future therapies to restore ictal and postictal consciousness, improving quality of life for people with epilepsy.
Fatigue crack growth analysis of biaxially loaded hole‐edge cracks using boundary cracklet method (BCM)
Authors: Ahmed Talal , Yavuz Abdulkadir , Turkmen Halit S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of two symmetric cracks originating at different orientations from the outer periphery of a hole in an infinite plate under biaxial tension‐tension loading is presented using two‐dimensional boundary cracklet method. Symmetric precracks of known length and orientation are modelled as initial cracks, and biaxial traction is applied as a far‐field loading. The rate of FCG is computed using Walker's equation, whereas the direction of propagation of crack tip is predicted using the minimum strain energy density criterion. The parametric study is performed with various orientations of initial precracks, biaxiality stress ratios (λ), and stress ratios (R) to show their effects on FCG behavior. Results suggest that for equiaxial loading, the crack propagation direction depends upon the position and initial angle of the crack. Cracks tend to grow perpendicular to that stress which is dominant of the two applied stresses when the biaxiality ratio is not unity.
Systematic review of interventions targeting fundamental care to reduce hospital‐associated decline in older patients
Authors: de Foubert Marguerite , Cummins Helen , McCullagh Ruth , Brueton Valerie , Naughton Corina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsTo examine the effectiveness of targeted nursing interventions on mobilization, nutrition and cognitive engagement to reduce functional and hospital‐associated decline (HAD) in older patients.DesignSystematic review of experimental studies using randomized and quasi‐experimental designs.Data sourcesWe searched electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, google scholar and BMJ quality reports from January 2009 to February 2020.Review methodsWe reviewed intervention studies that targeted ward nursing teams to increase mobilization, nutrition or cognitive engagement of older adults. Inclusion criteria included older patients, acute care (medical, surgical and older adult wards) and reporting patient level outcomes. Quality appraisal included the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi‐Experimental Studies.ResultsFrom 1729 papers, 18 studies using quasi‐experimental and pre‐post designs were selected. Study heterogeneity necessitated a narrative synthesis. The quality of evidence was low to moderate. All studies used multicomponent strategies, and 10 studies used evidence translation frameworks to align interventions to local barriers. Overall, 74% (n = 14) of studies reported a significant improvement in the stated primary outcome. Eight studies reported a significant increase in mobilization (e.g., sitting in a chair or walking), and four reported improved functional outcomes. Five studies improved nutrition outcomes (e.g., protein or energy intake), and three studies reported a significant reduction in delirium.ConclusionAcknowledging methodological limitations, the evidence indicates that nursing teams using evidence‐translation frameworks can improve mobilization, nutrition and cognitive engagement in acute care settings. Future research requires higher‐quality pragmatic trial designs, standardized outcomes, staff co‐designed interventions, evidence‐translation frameworks and patient engagement to make more confident inference about effectiveness.ImpactNursing teams with the support of hospital management have to address ward and system barriers to prioritize fundamental care to improve patient outcomes. There is sufficient evidence on multicomponent interventions and implementation strategies to inform nurse‐led quality improvement.
Polymeric biomaterials maintained the esthetic efficacy and reduced the cytotoxicity of in‐office dental bleaching
Authors: Ortecho‐Zuta Uxua , de Oliveira Duque Carla Caroline , de Oliveira Ribeiro Rafael Antonio , Leite Maria Luísa , Soares Diana Gabriela , Hebling Josimeri , Briso André Luiz Fraga , de Souza Costa Carlos Alberto 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEvaluate the kinetics of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) degradation, esthetic efficacy and cytotoxicity of a bleaching gel with 35%H2O2 applied on enamel previously covered or not with polymeric nanofibrillar scaffold (SNan), polymeric primer catalyst (PPol), and both. Standardized enamel/dentin discs (n = 128) obtained from bovine teeth were adapted to pulp chambers. After covering enamel with the polymeric products, the bleaching gel was applied for 45 min, establishing the following groups: G1: no treatment (negative control); G2: 35%H2O2 (positive control); G3: SNan; G4: PPol; G5: SNan + PPol; G6: SNan + 35%H2O2; G7: PPol + 35%H2O2; G8: SNan + PPol + 35%H2O2. The kinetics of H2O2 degradation (n = 8), bleaching efficacy (ΔE/ΔWI; n = 8), trans‐amelodentinal cytotoxicity (n = 8), and cell morphology (n = 4) were assessed (ANOVA/Tukey test; p < 0.05). Greater H2O2 degradation occurred in G7 and G8. Bleaching efficacy (ΔE) was higher in G6, G7, and G8 in comparison with G2 (p < 0.05). However, no difference was observed for ΔWI (p > 0.05). G8 presented the lower level of trans‐amelodentinal diffusion of H2O2, oxidative stress, and toxicity to the MDPC‐23 cells (p < 0.05). Polymeric biomaterials increased the kinetics of H2O2 decomposition, as well as maintained the esthetic efficacy and minimized the cytotoxicity caused by a bleaching gel with 35%H2O2.Clinical SignificanceApplication of a bleaching gel with 35%H2O2 on enamel previously covered by polymeric biomaterials maintains the esthetic efficacy and reduces the cytotoxicity caused by a single session of in‐office dental bleaching.
Second‐generation narrow‐band imaging to detect colorectal adenomas: A prospective study including community hospitals
Authors: Minamide Tatsunori , Sashiyama Hiroshi , Muramatsu Yusuke , Yada Tomoyuki , Matsumura Tomoaki , Takeda Shinichiro , Suzuki Takuto , Kakimoto Toshiharu , Yano Tomonori , Yoshii Katsumi , Arai Makoto , Uemura Naomi , Yamaguchi Taketo , Ikematsu Hiroaki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and AimIt is unclear whether second‐generation narrow‐band imaging (NBI) improves colorectal adenoma detection in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the ability of NBI to detect adenomas in academic and community hospitals.MethodsThis observational, multicenter study was conducted in four academic and four community hospitals between July 2018 and April 2019. We enrolled patients aged ≥ 20 years who underwent colonoscopy for screening, polyp surveillance, or diagnostic workup. The primary endpoint was the adenoma detection rate (ADR) between NBI (NBI group) and white‐light imaging colonoscopies (WLI group) after propensity score (PS) matching.ResultsOf 1831 patients analyzed before PS matching, the NBI and WLI groups included 742 and 1089 patients, respectively. After PS matching, 711 pairs from both groups were analyzed. ADR and the mean number of adenomas per patient did not differ significantly between the NBI and WLI groups (43.5% vs 44.4%, P = 0.71; 0.90 ± 1.38 vs 0.91 ± 1.40, P = 0.95, respectively). Academic hospitals showed higher ADR in the NBI group (60.5% vs 53.8%), whereas community hospitals showed higher ADR in the WLI group (35.8% vs 40.5%). In the NBI group, ADR was significantly higher among NBI‐screening‐experienced endoscopists than among NBI‐screening‐inexperienced endoscopists (63.2% vs 39.2%, P < 0.001). The mean number of flat and depressed lesions detected per patient was significantly higher with NBI than with WLI (0.62 ± 1.34 vs 0.44 ± 1.01, P = 0.035).ConclusionsSecond‐generation NBI could not surpass WLI in terms of ADR based on patient recruitment from both academic and community hospitals but improved the detection of easily overlooked flat and depressed lesions.
No longer green with envy: Objectifying and destroying negative consumer emotions
Authors: Soesilo Primidya K. M. , Morrin Maureen L. , Onuklu Nese Nur Yazgan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEnvy is a natural emotion that can occur to anyone. While envy can be beneficial in a way, it can also bring negative implications on self‐regulatory resources as well. A novel coping mechanism is proposed to help mitigate self‐regulatory failure elicited by envious feelings. The research demonstrates that envy loses its potency when such feelings are objectified by writing about them on a piece of paper, and then physically destroying them. Three laboratory studies (n = 110; n = 159; n = 174) are reported showing that participants who objectify their envious feelings and then destroy them (e.g., by shredding, cutting, tearing, or dissolving) rather than keeping them, exhibit enhanced self‐regulation, as evidenced by reduced acquisitiveness and less indulgent spending, as well as a greater willingness to volunteer. Theoretical and consumer welfare implications are discussed.
New product advantage infused by modularity: Do resources make a difference?
Authors: Xiao Yazhen , Zhang Haisu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGiven the plethora of new product introductions, managers often embrace modularity (i.e., decompose product or process design into components or sub‐tasks, respectively) as part of new product development (NPD). Although modularity increases overall firm performance, a holistic view is missing for the relationship between modularity and new product advantage (i.e., a new product's superiority relative to competing products). In addition, extant research has not examined modularity in juxtaposition with allocated resources, so it is unclear how their interplay will unfold as means to foster new product advantage. Accordingly, by building on resource theories (resource‐based view and resource orchestration theory) and extant research on NPD, we bridge the modularity‐new product advantage gap in a survey study of managers involved in NPD projects. Overall, we view product modularity and process modularity as NPD capabilities and contrast their roles in NPD. Our findings show that product modularity, rather than process modularity, directly fosters new product advantage. More interestingly, resources form different contingency factors for the two types of modularity to influence new product advantage. Resources allocated to marketing stages constrain product modularity's positive impact, but they create a synergy with process modularity to increase new product advantage. On the contrary, the synergy between resources allocated to technical stages and product modularity generates more benefit for new product advantage, but resources allocated to marketing stages do not have a contingency effect on process modularity. These findings help firms understand how to leverage modularity to develop superior new products. At the same time, they offer insights into allocating and bundling different resources across NPD stages as the range of product modularity and process modularity vary in NPD.
Day‐to‐day variability of porcine lente, insulin glargine 300 U/mL and insulin degludec in diabetic dogs
Authors: Miller Michelle , Pires Jully , Crakes Katti , Greathouse Rachel , Quach Nina , Gilor Chen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundDay‐to‐day variability impacts safety of insulin therapy and the choice of monitoring strategies. Side‐by‐side comparisons of insulin formulations in diabetic dogs are scarce.Hypothesis/ObjectivesInsulin glargine 300 U/mL (IGla300) and insulin degludec (IDeg) are associated with less day‐to‐day glucose variability compared to porcine lente (PL) in diabetic dogs.AnimalsSeven intact male purpose‐bred beagles with toxin‐induced diabetes.MethodsIn this repeated measured study, PL, IGla300 and IDeg were compared in 2 phases: once‐daily (q24h) and twice‐daily (q12h) administration. Interstitial glucose concentrations (IG) were measured continuously throughout the study. For each formulation, maximal q24h dose was determined using the same algorithm (while avoiding hypoglycemia) and then maintained for 72 hours. In phase 2, 70% of the maximal q24h dose was administered q12h and maintained for 5 days regardless of hypoglycemia. Coefficient of variation (CV) and glycemic variability percentage (GVP) were calculated to determine day‐to‐day and intraday variability, respectively.ResultsThere was no difference in day‐to‐day variability between PL, IGla300, and IDeg in the q24h phase. In the q12h phase, day‐to‐day variability was higher (P = .01) for PL (CV = 42.6 ± 6.8%) compared to IGla300 and IDeg (CV = 30.1 ± 7.7%, 25.2 ± 7.0%, respectively). The GVP of PL was lower (P = .02) compared to IGla300. There was no difference between PL, IGla300 and IDeg in %time IG < 70 mg/dL.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceInsulin degludec and IGla300 administered q12h were associated with lower day‐to‐day variability, which might be advantageous in minimizing monitoring requirements without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
Grandparent caregiving in Cambodian skip‐generation households: Roles and impact on child nutrition
Authors: Schneiders Mira Leonie , Phou Maly , Tum Vira , Kelley Maureen , Parker Michael , Turner Claudia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study aims to understand nutrition‐related roles, responsibilities and ethical issues of grandparents caring for their grandchildren in skip‐generation households in rural Cambodia. Over the past decade, Cambodia has experienced a rise in economic migration of working age populations. This has resulted in increasing numbers of ‘skip‐generation’ households, in which grandparents and grandchildren co‐reside without parents, reflecting potential household vulnerability. This qualitative study involved in‐depth interviews and focus group discussions with Cambodian grandparents who were primary caregivers to grandchildren for six months or longer. A total of 39 grandparents were recruited at two sites in north‐west Cambodia. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted in Khmer and were recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Grandparents in this study looked after an average of three children, aged between two months and 18 years old. Overall, 40% were sole caregivers. Analysis showed that grandparents, particularly grandmothers, played a central role in their grandchildren's health and nutrition. Although grandchildren's health and nutrition were a major priority to grandparents, they reported facing significant challenges to safeguard their grandchildren's and their own nutritional needs. As a result, grandparents frequently faced difficult ethical trade‐offs and prioritised their grandchildren's health and nutrition over their own. This study highlights that in order to improve child nutrition, policies and interventions need to be designed in ways that support and enable grandparent caregivers to meet their grandchildren's health and nutritional needs without neglecting their own.
Individualised care in Flemish and Dutch hospitals: Comparing patients’ and nurses’ perceptions
Authors: Theys Sofie , van Belle Elise , Heinen Maud , Malfait Simon , Eeckloo Kristof , Beeckman Dimitri , Verhaeghe Sofie , Van Hecke Ann 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐centred care has been recognised as vital for today's healthcare quality. This type of care puts patients at the centre, contributing to positive patient outcomes such as patient autonomy. Empirical research comparing nurses’ and patients’ perceptions of the support and provision of patient‐centred care is limited and focuses solely on nurses and patients working and staying on surgical wards.Aims and objectivesComparing patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of patient‐centred care on different types of hospital wards, and exploring if patient empowerment, health literacy, and certain sociodemographic and context‐related variables are associated with these perceptions.DesignCross‐sectional design.MethodsData were collected in ten Flemish (February–June 2016) and two Dutch (December 2014–May 2015) hospitals using the Individualised Care Scale (ICS). A linear mixed model was fitted. Data from 845 patients and 569 nurses were analysed. As the ICS was used to measure the concept of patient‐centred care, it is described using the term ‘individualised care.’ResultsNurses perceived that they supported and provided individualised care more compared with patients as they scored significantly higher on the ICS compared with patients. Patients with higher empowerment scores, higher health literacy, a degree lower than bachelor, a longer hospital stay, and patients who were employed and who were admitted to Dutch hospitals scored significantly higher on some of the ICS subscales/subsections. Nurses who were older and more experienced and those working in Dutch hospitals, regional hospitals and maternity wards scored significantly higher on some of the ICS subscales/subsections.ConclusionNurses perceived that they supported and provided individualised care more compared with patients.Relevance to clinical practiceCreating a shared understanding towards the support and provision of individualised care should be a priority as this could generate more effective nursing care that takes into account the individuality of the patient.
Effect of increasing the time between slurry application and first rainfall event on phosphorus concentrations in runoff
Authors: O’Rourke Sharon M. , Foy Robert H. , Watson Catherine J. , Gordon Alan , Higgins Suzanne , Vadas Peter A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMinimizing slurry phosphorus (P) losses in runoff requires careful management in the context of both soil P surpluses and changing patterns in rainfall. Increasing the time interval between slurry application and the first rainstorm event is known to reduce P loss in runoff although the risk period for elevated P concentrations in runoff can extend for weeks. This study investigated the impact of increasing the time interval between slurry application and first rainstorm event on P concentrations in runoff. Simulated rainfall (40 mm h−1) was applied at 2, 4, 10, 18, 30 and 49 days after dairy slurry was surface‐applied to a grassland sward in Ireland. Increasing time to runoff resulted in a decrease in dissolved reactive P concentrations from 5.0 to 1.0 mg P L−1 and a P signal in runoff for 18 days. Beyond 18 days, elevated P concentrations were observed in runoff collected from natural rainfall that preceded the day 49 rainstorm event. A published surface phosphorus and runoff model (SurPhos) was used to understand the slurry P dynamics controlling P interactions with runoff. Dissolved reactive P in runoff was predicted with accuracy by SurPhos, R2 = .89. The SurPhos model implied that slurry P mineralization occurred during the experimental period that resulted in a small spike in P concentrations beyond the defined risk period. This study shows that the experimental data have the potential to be extrapolated to different weather scenarios using SurPhos and could test when and where slurry P could be most safely spread.
Anticipating the locations in Europe of high‐risk areas for West Nile virus outbreaks in 2021
Authors: García‐Carrasco José‐María , Muñoz Antonio‐Román , Real Raimundo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWest Nile virus infections in humans are continuously increasing, and the virus has spread considerably in Europe over the past decade. The incidence of the disease was unusually high between 2018 and 2020. The resulting model identifies the West Nile virus outbreak‐prone areas during 2021, even in regions where the virus has not yet been discovered. It is remarkable that in Central Europe, new favourable areas are emerging, where early actions could lessen the impact of the disease.