bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the triglyceride glucose index and coronary collateralization in coronary artery disease patients with chronic total occlusion lesions
Authors: Gao Ang , Liu Jinxing , Hu Chengping , Liu Yan , Zhu Yong , Han Hongya , Zhou Yujie , Zhao Yingxin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have substantiated the role of the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index in predicting the prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, while no relevant studies have revealed the association between the TyG index and coronary collateralization in the event of coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO). The current study intends to explore whether, or to what extent, the TyG index is associated with impaired collateralization in CAD patients with CTO lesions.MethodsThe study enrolled 1093 CAD patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for at least one CTO lesion. Data were collected from the Beijing Anzhen Hospital record system. The degree of collaterals was determined according to the Rentrop classification system. The correlation between the TyG index and coronary collateralization was assessed.ResultsOverall, 318 patients were included in a less developed collateralization (Rentrop classification 0-1) group. The TyG index was significantly higher in patients with impaired collateralization (9.3±0.65 vs. 8.8±0.53,P<0.001). After adjusting for various confounding factors, the TyG index remained correlated with the occurrence of impaired collateralization, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.59 and 5.72 in the T2 and T3 group compared with the first tertile group (P<0.001). In addition, subgroup analysis showed that higher TyG index values remained strongly associated with increased risk of less developed collateralization. To compare the risk assessment efficacy for the formation of collateralization between the TyG index and other metabolic abnormality indicators, an area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was obtained. A significant improvement in the risk assessment performance for impaired collateralization emerged when adding the TyG index into a baseline model.ConclusionsThe increased TyG index is strongly associated with less developed collateralization in CAD patients with CTO lesions and its risk assessment performance is better than single metabolic abnormality indicators.
Differential gene expression-based connectivity mapping identified novel drug candidate and improved Temozolomide efficacy for Glioblastoma
Authors: Vengoji Raghupathy , Atri Pranita , Macha Muzafar A. , Seshacharyulu Parthasarathy , Perumal Naveenkumar , Mallya Kavita , Liu Yutong , Smith Lynette M. , Rachagani Satyanarayana , Mahapatra Sidharth , Ponnusamy Moorthy P. , Jain Maneesh , Batra Surinder K. , Shonka Nicole 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) has a devastating median survival of only one year. Treatment includes resection, radiation therapy, and temozolomide (TMZ); however, the latter increased median survival by only 2.5 months in the pivotal study. A desperate need remains to find an effective treatment.

Methods
We used the Connectivity Map (CMap) bioinformatic tool to identify candidates for repurposing based on GBM’s specific genetic profile. CMap identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors as top candidates. In addition, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) identified HDAC1 and HDAC2 as the most upregulated and HDAC11 as the most downregulated HDACs. We selected PCI-24781/abexinostat due to its specificity against HDAC1 and HDAC2, but not HDAC11, and blood-brain barrier permeability.

Results
We tested PCI-24781 using in vitro human and mouse GBM syngeneic cell lines, an in vivo murine orthograft, and a genetically engineered mouse model for GBM (PEPG - PTENflox/+; EGFRvIII+; p16Flox/− & GFAP Cre +). PCI-24781 significantly inhibited tumor growth and downregulated DNA repair machinery (BRCA1, CHK1, RAD51, and O6-methylguanine-DNA- methyltransferase (MGMT)), increasing DNA double-strand breaks and causing apoptosis in the GBM cell lines, including an MGMT expressing cell line in vitro. Further, PCI-24781 decreased tumor burden in a PEPG GBM mouse model. Notably, TMZ + PCI increased survival in orthotopic murine models compared to TMZ + vorinostat, a pan-HDAC inhibitor that proved unsuccessful in clinical trials.

Conclusion
PCI-24781 is a novel GBM-signature specific HDAC inhibitor that works synergistically with TMZ to enhance TMZ efficacy and improve GBM survival. These promising MGMT-agnostic results warrant clinical evaluation.
The periosteum: a simple tissue with many faces, with special reference to the antler-lineage periostea
Authors: Li Chunyi , Fennessy Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeriosteum is a thin membrane covering bone surfaces and consists of two layers: outer fibrous layer and inner cambium layer. Simple appearance of periosteum has belied its own complexity as a composite structure for physical bone protection, mechano-sensor for sensing mechanical loading, reservoir of biochemical molecules for initiating cascade signaling, niche of osteogenic cells for bone formation and repair, and “umbilical cord” for nourishing bone tissue. Periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) have stem cell attributes: self-renewal (no signs of senescence until 80 population doublings) and multipotency (differentiate into fibroblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and skeletal myocytes). In this review, we summarized the currently available knowledge about periosteum and with special references to antler-lineage periostea, and demonstrated that although periosteum is a type of simple tissue in appearance, with multiple faces in functions; antler-lineage periostea add another dimension to the properties of somatic periostea: capable of initiation of ectopic organ formation upon transplantation and full mammalian organ regeneration when interacted with the covering skin. Very recently, we have translated this finding into other mammals, i.e. successfully induced partial regeneration of the amputated rat legs. We believe further refinement along this line would greatly benefit human health.
A brief intervention for PTSD versus treatment as usual: Study protocol for a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Stavland Halvor , Refvik Camilla , Eid Jarle , Lockhat Rafiq , Hammar Åsa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Although existing treatment methods are effective in alleviating PTSD symptoms, several barriers to care exist, such as waiting times, avoidant tendencies, shame and stigma, potentially leading to fewer people seeking therapy or premature dropouts. A potential solution to battling these barriers is Brain Working Recursive Therapy (BWRT), a single-session exposure-oriented intervention for PTSD. Although not yet subjected to empirical investigation, clinical experiences suggest an often immediate and long-lasting effect following the intervention related to patient’s symptomatology and functional abilities.

Methods
The current study protocol outlines a plan to conduct the first non-inferiority randomized controlled trial aimed to explore the efficacy of BWRT compared to treatment as usual (TAU), operationalized as any evidence-based trauma treatment method administered in Norwegian out-patient clinics. Eighty-two participants will be allocated at a 1:1 ratio to one of the following treatment conditions: (1) BWRT or (2) treatment as usual. Participants will be compared on several variables, including changes in PTSD symptoms (primary objective), and changes in perceived quality of life, rumination, functional and cognitive ability (secondary objective). Data collection will take place baseline (T1), within three weeks post treatment (T2) and at 6-month follow-up (T3).

Discussion
Should BWRT prove to be non-inferior to treatment as usual, this brief intervention may be an important contribution to future psychological treatment for PTSD, by making trauma treatment more accessible and battling current barriers to care.

Trial registration
191548, 24.05.2021. ClinicalTrials.gov PRS: Release Confirmation
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a serious game targeting interpersonal emotion regulation in early adolescents
Authors: Mittmann Gloria , Zehetmayer Sonja , Schrank Beate 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Adaptive interpersonal emotion regulation (iER) is a vital tool for positive relations. During early adolescence, peer relations become increasingly important, making this age group a relevant target group for interventions promoting positive interactions with each other, yet no evidence-based intervention exists for iER and early adolescents specifically.

Methods
This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to test effectiveness and feasibility of a serious game training iER skills in early adolescents by comparing outcomes with a control group playing a game without psychoeducational content in a pre- and post-test design. German- and English-speaking early adolescents (10–14 years) are eligible for participation. IER skills improvement as assessed by a vignette task is the primary outcome and will be analysed with a chi-square test. Secondary outcomes include feasibility and acceptability, emotional competence, personal emotion regulation, gender, and sex.

Discussion
This RCT will test whether playing a serious game about iER strategies results in an improvement of iER skills and whether the game is feasible and acceptable for early adolescents with the ultimate aim to implement the game in schools and help early adolescents achieve positive peer relationships.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT04808102, Registered on 19 March 2021
SARS-CoV-2 in Childhood Cancer in 2020: A Disease of Disparities
Authors: Johnston Emily E. , Martinez Isaac , Davis Elizabeth S. , Caudill Caroline , Richman Joshua , Brackett Julienne , Dickens David S. , Kahn Alissa , Schwalm Carla , Sharma Archana , Patel Pratik A. , Bhatia Smita , Levine Jennifer M. , Wolfson Julie A. ,   on behalf of the POCC Consortium
Published: October 2021

PURPOSEThe Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report registry supplies pediatric oncologists with data surrounding the clinical course and outcomes in children with cancer and SARS-CoV-2.METHODSThis observational study captured clinical and sociodemographic characteristics for children (≤ 21 years) receiving cancer therapy and infected with SARS-CoV-2 from the pandemic onset through February 19, 2021. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the cohort were compared with population-level pediatric oncology data (SEER). Multivariable binomial regression models evaluated patient characteristics associated with hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and changes in cancer therapy.RESULTSNinety-four institutions contributed details on 917 children with cancer and SARS-CoV-2. Median age at SARS-CoV-2 infection was 11 years (range, 0-21 years). Compared with SEER, there was an over-representation of Hispanics (43.6% v 29.7%, P < .01), publicly insured (59.3% v 33.5%, P < .01), and patients with hematologic malignancies (65.8% v 38.3%, P < .01) in our cohort. The majority (64.1%) were symptomatic; 31.2% were hospitalized, 10.9% required respiratory support, 9.2% were admitted to the ICU, and 1.6% died because of SARS-CoV-2. Cancer therapy was modified in 44.9%. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with changes in cancer-directed therapy (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6]). Presence of comorbidities was associated with hospitalization (aRR = 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6) and ICU admission (aRR = 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5 to 3.6). Hematologic malignancies were associated with hospitalization (aRR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.1).CONCLUSIONThese findings provide critical information for decision making among pediatric oncologists, including inpatient versus outpatient management, cancer therapy modifications, consideration of monoclonal antibody therapy, and counseling families on infection risks in the setting of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The over-representation of Hispanic and publicly insured patients in this national cohort suggests disparities that require attention.
Signifying Difference
Authors: Wettlaufer Alexandra K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay considers the ways in which Honoré de Balzac and George Sand, an influential pair of “public writers” who were committed to diametrically opposing sociopolitical discourses, constructed aspects of their authorial identities and indeed the social import of their oeuvres in a self-conscious exchange with, and about, one another. In letters, novels, memoirs, and paratexts from their first encounter in the early 1830s to the end of their careers, Balzac and Sand portrayed, parodied, quoted, misquoted, alluded to, wrote, and rewrote each other in ways that their contemporary readers would doubtless have recognized. In considering some of these various invocations in terms of a larger dialogue between this pair of influential authors, surprising intersections emerge that complicate our current conceptions of the relationship between Balzac’s and Sand’s works. Reflecting on the dialogical generation of meaning, I trace the ways in which reading Balzac and Sand together reveals a complex and continuing conversation between the two authors about similarity, difference, and the dialectical nature of identity. This ongoing intertextual exchange, I argue, helps us see how their literary, social, and political positions as “public writers” were to some extent dependent on constructions of each other.
Food Fears
Authors: Wadhera Priya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn Word of Mouth: What We Talk about When We Talk about Food (2014), Priscilla Parkhurst Ferguson discusses “food fears,” recognizing how food can be both a source of sustenance and pleasure and, at the same time, a site of danger and death. In this article, I endeavor to show how Ferguson’s “food fears” can elucidate Perec’s rewriting of Proust’s madeleine episode. I sketch this out in La Disparition (1969) and W ou le souvenir d’enfance (1975), before focusing on La Vie mode d’emploi (1978). While Proust’s madeleine episode concerns both the evocative power of food and its capacity to conjure memories in the protagonist, in Perec, food and memories are often missing altogether. Certain artistic projects in La Vie mode d’emploi also fail or falter, with the notable exception of Perec’s own book. Thus, whereas food conjures abundance, pleasure, and memories in Proust, in Perec it has no such power, standing instead as a marker of loss, trauma, and forgetting. If the madeleine is a kind of comfort food, Perec’s anti-madeleine is a site of discomfort, a surrogate for all the other losses Perec is trying to account for, and through his insistence on the absence of food, he evokes the personal and collective trauma of the Holocaust.
Reduction of oxidative stress suppresses poly-GR-mediated toxicity in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Riemslagh Fréderike W. , Verhagen Rob F. M. , van der Toorn Esmay C. , Smits Daphne J. , Quint Wim H. , van der Linde Herma C. , van Ham Tjakko J. , Willemsen Rob 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The hexanucleotide (G4C2)-repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene is the most common pathogenic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This repeat expansion can be translated into dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs), and distribution of the poly-GR DPR correlates with neurodegeneration in postmortem C9FTD/ALS brains. Here, we assessed poly-GR toxicity in zebrafish embryos, using an annexin A5-based fluorescent transgenic line (secA5) that allows for detection and quantification of apoptosis in vivo. Microinjection of RNA encoding poly-GR into fertilized oocytes evoked apoptosis in the brain and abnormal motor neuron morphology in the trunk of 1-4-days postfertilization embryos. Poly-GR can be specifically detected in protein homogenates from injected zebrafish and in the frontal cortexes of C9FTD/ALS cases. Poly-GR expression further elevated MitoSOX levels in zebrafish embryos, indicating oxidative stress. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species using Trolox showed full suppression of poly-GR toxicity. Our study indicates that poly-GR can exert its toxicity via oxidative stress. This zebrafish model can be used to find suppressors of poly-GR toxicity and identify its molecular targets underlying neurodegeneration observed in C9FTD/ALS.
The role of social media in promoting organised dog fighting
Authors: Montrose V. Tamara , Kogan Lori R , Oxley James A 
Published: October 2021

Background:Organised dog fighting is a criminal activity in most developed countries. However, despite this, its occurrence continues. As with many underground activities, social media is likely to play a critical role in promoting organised dog fighting.Aim:The study aim was to review video content on three social media platforms to look for evidence of organised dog fighting.Methods:A content review of three social media platforms (YouTube, Facebook, Instagram) was conducted. Videos suggestive of organised dog fighting were categorised as: i) fights involving physical contact; ii) intimidation; iii) promotion of dog fights and iv) hypothetical ‘match-ups’. Information collected included video information (title, author, date posted, URL), content description (video description, breed description) and popularity of the video (number of likes, views and comments).Results:Fifty-eight incidents were identified (YouTube: n=27, Instagram: n=18, Facebook: n=13). On YouTube, 17 videos (63.0%) were fights involving physical contact, five (18.5%) were hypothetical ‘match-ups’, four (14.8%) were a promotion of dog fights, and one (3.7%) was a video of images of an organised dog fight. On Facebook and Instagram, all videos were fights involving physical contact. Where breed information was available, the dogs were largely described as pit bulls (YouTube: 51.9%; Instagram: 66.7%). These videos varied in their numbers of views (mean: YouTube: 682 856.0, Instagram: 773.6), comments (mean: YouTube: 319.5, Facebook: 10.3; Instagram: 0.6) and likes (mean: YouTube: 4868.4, Facebook: 434.8).Conclusion:More vigilance by social media platforms and their users to monitor, remove and report such footage is essential, especially where videos breach animal welfare rules and regulations. Further research into other online platforms or different formats through which dog fighting and/or promotion may occur, and the education of social media users to recognise signs that videos may be promoting organised dog fighting, would be of value.
Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth in Bangladeshi Infants Is Associated With Growth Stunting in a Longitudinal Cohort
Authors: Donowitz Jeffrey R. , Pu Zhen , Lin Ye , Alam Masud , Ferdous Tahsin , Shama Talat , Taniuchi Mami , Islam Md Ohedul , Kabir Mamun , Nayak Uma , Faruque Abu S.G. , Haque Rashidul , Ma Jennie Z. , Petri William A. 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is common in children from low-income countries and has been cross-sectionally associated with growth stunting. We sought to determine whether SIBO was associated with poor growth and neurodevelopmental in a longitudinal analysis.

METHODS:
We measured SIBO by glucose hydrogen breath test (GHBT) at 18, 52, 78, and 104 weeks of life in a prospective longitudinal birth cohort of Bangladeshi children. Sociodemographic information and measures of enteric inflammation were analyzed as covariates. Diarrheal samples were tested for enteropathogens using polymerase chain reaction. Regression models were created using standardized mean GHBT area under the H2 curve (AUC) to determine associations with linear growth and cognitive, language, and motor scores on the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development at 2 years. We also investigated associations between GHBT AUC and enteropathogen exposure.

RESULTS:
A 1-ppm increase in standardized mean GHBT AUC was associated with a 0.01-SD decrease in length-for-age Z score (P = 0.03) and a 0.11-point decrease in Bayley language score (P = 0.05) at 2 years of age in adjusted analysis. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Giardia, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi were associated with increased GHBT AUC, whereas Clostridium difficile, norovirus GI, sapovirus, rotavirus, and Cryptosporidium were associated with decreased GHBT AUC. None were consistent across all 4 time points.

DISCUSSION:
SIBO in the first 2 years of life is associated with growth stunting and decreased language ability in Bangladeshi infants and may represent a modifiable risk factor in poor growth and neurodevelopment in low-income countries.
In Silico Prediction of The Antiangiogenesis Activity of Heliannuol Lactone sesquiterpenes Compounds from Sunflower (Heliannthus annuus L.)
Authors: Muti'ah Roihatul , Rahmawati Eka Kartini , Dewi Tanaya Jati Dhrama , Firdausy Alif Firman 
Published: October 2021

Heliannuols are sesquiterpenes lactone compounds considered to have anticancer activity on the brain cancer. Cancer cell growth is related to overexpression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) as a pro-angiogenic pathway, which becomes the main factor of angiogenesis and progression. This research aims to predict anti-angiogenic, toxicity, and physicochemical properties of heliannuols. Physicochemical properties were predicted referred to Lipinski’s rule of five (Lipinski RO5), while absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion were predicted by using pkCSM online tool. The toxicity of compounds was predicted by using Protox II online tool, and interaction of the ligand with receptors was predicted by conducting validation (VEGFR-2 (PDB ID: 3WZE)) and molecular docking using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD). The result revealed that Lipinski RO5 compatible heliannuols had the lowest LD50 2148 mg/kg predictive LD50 predictive values of heliannuol D. The docking result was described by rerank score (RS), representing the bound energy form and compares with Sorafenib as a reference drug. Five medium strength VEGFR-2 chemical substances with rerank score: heliannuol A -56.9496, heliannuol heliannuol B -70.83646, heliannuol C -61,3292, heliannuol D -49.61646, and heliannuol E -75.5164. No better rerank score was recorded for all inhibitors than sorafenib (-128.0683). The heliannuols interacted with amino acid residues Glu885 and Asp1046 that probably conferred the antiangiogenic activity. Taken together, heliannuol D had the greates activity to the target protein and complied Lipinski RO5.Keywords: anti-angiogenic, toxicity, heliannuol, VEGFR-2, brain cancer, molecular docking.
About every convex set in any generic Riemannian manifold
Authors: Lytchak Alexander , Petrunin Anton 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We give a necessary condition on a geodesic in a Riemannian manifold that can run in some convex hypersurface.
As a corollary, we obtain peculiar properties that hold true for every convex set in any generic Riemannian manifold

(
M
,
g
)

{(M,g)}

.
For example, if a convex set in

(
M
,
g
)

{(M,g)}

is bounded by a smooth hypersurface, then it is strictly convex.