bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Capital and Work Environment on The Performance of MSME Employees of Bogor Regency West Java Province by Covariable Marketing
Authors: Ismartaya  
Published: January 2021

Micro, small and medium enterprises or MSMEs in Indonesia each year increase. The increasing number of MSMEs still needs to experience intensive assistance in order to achieve independent, resilient, and quality MSMEs. Employee performance is a form of employee achievement after going through various stages in the work process. Based on the observations, researchers showed that the performance of MSME employees in Babakan Madang subdistrict and Cisarua Sub-District of Bogor Regency was not optimal. This is allegedly due to being influenced by capital, work environment, and marketing. The formulation of problems in this research is whether the capital and work environment can affect the performance of employees directly or through the marketing of MSMEs in two sub-districts in Bogor Regency.
This study aims to find out the influence of capital and work environment on employee performance with marketing co-operation on MSMEs Bogor Regency, this research uses the archework of The Posttest Only Control Group with marketing covariance. Data collection techniques use interviews and questionnaires, while sampling techniques use non probability sampling with a sample number of 72 people.
The results showed that capital and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee performance through marketing. This can be seen from the results of simple linear regression analysis, multiple linear regression, t test, determination coefficient test, sobel test and path analysis. Marketing as a moderator variable mediates between capital to employee performance that is partial mediation and marketing as moderator variables that mediate between the work environment and employee performance, both of which are full mediation.
Perbandingan Gambaran Histopatologi Mukosa Kolon Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Wistar setelah Dilakukan Washout antara yang Menggunakan Nacl 0,9% dan Larutan Garam Meja 1%
Authors: Tanzil Lindayanti , Diposarosa Rizki , Yantisetiasti Anglita 
Published: January 2021

Pendahuluan. Irigasi usus melalui rektum atau washout merupakan suatu prosedur menggunakan sebuah pipa yang dimasukkan melalui anus dan sejumlah cairan dimasukkan melalui pipa tersebut dengan tujuan untuk membersikan usus. NaCl 0,9% sering digunakan pada pasien–pasien penderita penyakit Hirschsprung sebagai cairan washout. Ada berbagai jenis cairan washout yang digunakan, beberapa diantaranya berupa cairan siap pakai yang dapat dibeli di apotek atau toko obat, cairan lainnya dapat dibuat di rumah yaitu larutan garam. Larutan garam ini dianggap sama dengan NaCl 0,9%. Larutan ini selain mudah dibuat dengan biaya yang relatif lebih rendah, tentu saja diharapkan efektivitasnya sama dengan NaCl 0,9%. Namun, garam yang beredar di Indonesia sebagian besar telah mengalami fortifikasi iodium.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan histopatologi setelah dilakukan washout menggunakan larutan garam meja 1% dibandingkan dengan NaCl 0,9%.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan 12 tikus Wistar yang terbagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok yang dilakukan washout menggunakan NaCl 0,9% dan kelompok yang dilakukan washout menggunakan larutan garam meja 1%. Setelah kedua kelompok dilakukan washout, sampel jaringan diambil dari kolon kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi untuk melihat gambaran kongesti, edema dan inflamasi pada mukosa kolon tikus. Analisis statistik menggunakan Mann whitney dan Independent–T test, signifikan jika p<0,05.
Hasil. Variabel kongesti, edema dan inflamasi pada kelompok NaCl 0,9% mempunyai skor rata–rata yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok larutan garam meja 1%. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok (kongesti p=0,065, edema p=0,306, inflamasi p=0,296.
Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan histopatologi yang bermakna antara penggunaan NaCl 0,9% dan larutan garam meja 1% sebagai cairan washout
DETERMINANTS OF ADOPTION OF E-PROCUREMENT PRACTICES: A CRITIQUE OF LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Waithaka Robert Kariuki , Kimani John G. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: This study proposes sought to determine factors influencing the adoption of e-procurement practices.
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. The study adopted a desktop literature review method (desk study). This involved an in-depth review of studies related to factors influencing the adoption of e-procurement practices. The search was done generally by searching the articles in the Article title, abstract, keywords. A second search involved fully available publications on the subject of e-procurement practices. The third step involved the selection of fully accessible publications. The drawing and interpretation of research findings and sense which is not a quantitative impact evaluation, was important in this context, which implies that qualitative and thematic analysis was most suitable in this study.
Findings: From the study, it was noted that E-procurement has not been fully adopted by all the agencies. Further, E-security, staffing, user acceptance and top management support were the factors that were found to be influencing adoption of e-procurement. Top management support and E-security are the major influence of E-procurement adoption especially in the public sector.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that Top management support among the organizations should set goals, strategies and baselines that are necessary for the adoption of the E-procurement and follow up to ensure implementation. The study also recommended that due to the sensitivity of the data and the legal nature of orders and payments, security of data should be enhanced. Organizations should create personalized technology systems that create a demand adaptation of ICT at every level of the organizational operations
COMPARATIVE META-ANALYTIC EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION ON PERFORMANCE: A DETAILED PERSPECTIVE OF MODERATOR AND MEDIATOR ANALYSIS
Authors: Singine Augustine Castro , Ungan Mustafa Cahid 
Published: January 2021

In an environment with ever changing customers’ needs and intensifying global competition, quality processes and supply chain (SC) are critical for organisational success. To satisfy customers, outsmart competition and improve performance, contemporary organisations are trying to improve on their processes through integrated supply chains.
In an attempt to address this question and effectively contribute to this topic, a comparative meta- analytical evaluation along with key moderator and mediator analysis was conducted. In the lens of many theories, SCI from two perspectives; SCID (internal, suppliers, customer integration) with 67 studies and SCIF (information, operational, relational integration) with 25 studies was assessed on overall performance as well as on both operational and business performance. A quantitative meta-analysis based on Hunter and Schmidt (2004) which was performed through Jamovi, revealed the following: The meta-analysis results which were obtained through Jamovi provided significant correlation coefficients for SCID and SCIF respectively (ř = .476, p <.002) and (ř =.508, p <.001). Therefore, indicating that the association between SCID and performance is medium and positive, while that of SCIF and performance is positive and large. This is a clear indication that SCI from the perspective of SCID and SCIF yields different results, with SCIF having a relatively large effect. Moreover, on average SCIF both at aggregate and individual level has a slightly large effect on performance than SCID. Operational performance was the most influenced by SCID and SCIF, although operational and relational integration indicated a significant larger effect on business performance. Thus, individual SCID and SCIF constructs have different effects on business and operational as overall performance. All moderators though with different levels of interactions indicated a significant effect on both SCID and SCIF. Of the three mediators tested, customer integration had a 32% negative effect, SC agility showed an 89.1% full mediation effect with flexibility indicating a 53% significant effect.
EFFECT OF SPACING ON GRAIN YIELD AND ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF COWPEA
Authors: Galwab Armara Macimiliam , Kamau Prof. Peter 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spacing on grain yield and above ground biomass of cowpea.
Methodology: A randomized complete block design was used. Field experiments were conducted. The study was conducted at Agriculture demonstration farm (Dakabaricha) and Yayo’s farm(Nagayo) and a private farm Demo farm. There were 18 treatment combinations consisting of three water harvesting techniques and two intra-row spacing.
Results:Tied ridges with cross bars at 2.5m interval with the spacing of 60 x 20cm (W3 /S1) and open ridges with a spacing of 60 x 20cm (W3/S1) recorded the highest grain yield of 1408 kg/ha and 1296 kg/ha respectively.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy:An assessment of adaptation of more cowpea genotypes at different environments across years is recommended. The investigation provided sufficiently evidence to continue with further studies.
Implementación de un prototipo como sistema detector de intrusos para detectar ataques dirigidos al protocolo ipv6 desarrollado con herramientas open source
Authors: Caiza Méndez Diego Gustavo , Cisneros Barahona Andrés Santiago , Méndez Naranjo Pablo Martí , Villa Yánez Henry Mauricio 
Published: January 2021

El trabajo de investigación incrementó la seguridad de la red local mediante la detección de ataques dirigidos al protocolo IPv6 que pueden comprometer la confidencialidad, integridad y disponibilidad. Se compararon los indicadores considerados en las variables y se aplicó la estadística descriptiva e inferencial para la demostración de la hipótesis. Las herramientas software utilizadas fueron: Virtual Box que permitió la virtualización de las distribuciones Linux, Security Onion distribución especializada en sistemas detectores de intrusos, Snort como motor del sistema detector, Graylog como gestor de logs IPv6, la suite TCHIPv6 como generador de trafico IPv6 malicioso y Wireshark como herramienta de análisis de tramas del tráfico IPv6. Se desarrolló, implementó y comparó los resultados obtenidos al trabajar sobre la red local de la Facultad de Informática y Electrónica de la ESPOCH, entre los prototipos I (Security Onion utilizando las reglas personalizadas y acoplado el módulo de gestión de logs) y II (Security Onion utilizando las reglas oficiales de Snort). Se concluye que el sistema propuesto detecta y gestiona las alertas de intrusión mejorando el nivel de seguridad dentro de la red local.
Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante de extractos de hojas de tres variedades de Mangifera indica L.
Authors: Diaz Torres Raul , Jacqueline Carrillo Tomalá Celeste Jacqueline , Zambrano Sancán Jenny Lorayni , García Águila Mayra Alejandra , Triana Ramíre Estefanía Elizabeth 
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El mango (Mangifera indica L) es un cultivo importante, siendo conocida la capacidad antioxidante de la fruta y la corteza del árbol, propiedades dependientes de la variedad y forma de extracción, pero las hojas no han sido suficientemente estudiadas. El objetivo fue seleccionar la variedad de mango, forma de extracción, solvente y concentración que permitiera extraer la mayor cantidad de compuestos potencialmente bioactivos. Materiales y métodos: se seleccionaron tres variedades de mango (Tommy Atkins, Haden y Edward) muestreadas aleatoriamente y se separaron las hojas, que fueron secadas, trituradas y almacenadas protegidas de la luz. Cada muestra fue extraída (maceración y digestión) con tres concentraciones hidroalcohólicas y diferentes solventes (hexano, éter dietílico y acetona). Se evaluaron el rendimiento y el contenido de sustancias fenólicas (Folin Ciocalteu) y la capacidad antioxidante (método DPPH). Los resultados se procesaron mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS. Resultados: Con maceración se obtuvo el mayor rendimiento, el tipo de solvente utilizado influye significativamente en el rendimiento de los extractos obtenidos, siendo mayor en las disoluciones hidroalcohólicas; con la maceración con disolución hidroalcohólica al 90% se obtuvo mayor concentración de compuestos fenólicos, pero la mayor capacidad antioxidante se obtuvo por digestión con disolución al 50%. En cuanto a variedades, la Tommy Atkins resultó la de mayor cantidad de compuestos fenólicos. Conclusiones: es posible obtener un extracto rico en compuestos bioactivos de cualquiera de las variedades, pero la concentración de compuestos polifenólicos y la capacidad antioxidante dependen de las condiciones de extracción.
Concepción pedagógica para la enseñanza de lengua, centrada en la comprensión, análisis y producción del discurso
Authors: Barrera Jimenez Ana Delia , Quintero de Chacón Gisela , Hernández Amaro Luis Enrique , Cárdenas Cordero Nancy Marcela 
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo fundamentar una concepción pedagógica, que favorezca la enseñanza de la lengua, centrada en los procesos de comprensión, análisis y producción del discurso, a partir de estrategias de intercambio académico entre la universidad y la escuela. Para ellos se realizó una investigación con un enfoque cualitativo, con énfasis en un estudio de carácter descriptivo, en la que resultaron clave los métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico utilizados, a partir de cuya aplicación se constataron limitaciones existentes en la Educación General Básica, en relación con el trabajo a favor de la lengua desde la perspectiva de una didáctica del habla, así como la falta de intercambio entre las instituciones y la universidad en pos de resolver tales insuficiencias. La concepción pedagógica propuesta articula el accionar de la universidad Nacional de Educación (UNAE) con las instituciones de la comunidad, en la que se precisan acciones que involucran los colectivos de asignaturas de lengua, la práctica pre - profesional y la educación continua, por lo que se arriba a la conclusión de cuan pertinente resulta que la universidad tenga un papel activo en dichas instituciones, en virtud de favorecer a la actualización de los docentes desde el punto de vista teórico y metodológico y con ello a perfeccionar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje que en ellas se lleva a cabo.
Comportamiento de la azolla (Azolla spp.) bajo diferentes condiciones ambientales y de manejo
Authors: Rivera Leonor Margarita 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación denotan resultados preliminares, el mismo que tuvo como objetivo demostrar las condiciones óptimas de desarrollo de la Azolla sp, para su uso como alimento biológico alternativo para diferentes especies como peces, aves, cerdos entre otros. Para ello se hicieron pruebas en diferentes condiciones ambientales. Se establecieron cuatro tratamientos con cuatro réplicas, los cuales consistieron en aplicar azolla con sustrato sólido húmedo, sustrato líquido con techo, sustrato líquido sin techo, sustrato sólido húmedo sin techo. Como resultados hasta el momento de éste trabajo, se puede indicar que el mejor medio de desarrollo de crecimiento de la azolla es el tratamiento con sustrato sólido húmedo y bajo techo.
CANNABIS USE: PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES AMONG THE INPATIENTS OF FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS AT COMBINED MILITARY HOSPITAL, LAHORE
Authors: Aliemuddin Mohsin , Kamran Muhammad , CH Zarrar Akbar , Tabassum Ahmed Shoaib , Salim Farrukh 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency and correlates of cannabis use among the psychiatric inpatients presenting with first episode of psychosis at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Lahore.
Study Design: Correlational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Nov 2016 to Apr 2017.
Methodology: A total of 88 patients between 18-40 years of age, both male and female, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, presenting to Psychiatry department, CMH Lahore; were enrolled in the study after obtaining their informed consent. Patients were interviewed through Present state examination and the diagnosis was made on the basis of International Classification of Diseases version 10. The data was recorded on the study proforma. Outcome variable was frequency of cannabis abuse among these patients of first episode psychosis. It was compared among various age and gender groups and across educational, marital and residential status of the patient.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 26.59 ± 5.79 years. There were 57 (64.8%) male and 31 (35.2%) female patients in the study group, with a ratio of 1.8 males to 1 female (1.8:1). Cannabis use was found in 25 (28.4%) patients. Statistical analysis revealed non-significant difference in the frequency of cannabis use in age (p=0.15), gender (p=0.69), educational (p=0.91), marital (p=0.180) and residential status (p=0.30).
Conclusion: Cannabis use is highly correlated and prevalent among the patients presenting with first episode of psychosis.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN DIAGNOSING BONE TUMORS KEEPING HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Farooq Ambreen , Zameer Shahla , Khadim Rehana , Manzoor Anum 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing bone tumorskeeping histopathological as correlation gold standard.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Radiology, Orthopedics and Pathology of Pakistan Institute ofMedical Sciences, Islamabad, from Jan 2018 to Jan 2019.
Methodology: All the patients who had complain of bone deformity or pain with high suspicion of neoplasticpathology involving bone and soft tissue on radiograph were included in study. Patients were first diagnosed on conventional radiography followed by magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast was done on Phillips 1.5 tesla machine. T1W, T2W, STIR images, Fat suppressed, PD spair and post contrast T1W images were obtained. Positive magnetic resonance imaging findings which were noted were; marrow involvement, cortical break, soft tissue involvement, joint involvement, neurovascular bundle involvement and post contrast enhancement on T1W imaging. Then bone biopsy was performed. The removed bone was sent for histopathological examination in all cases. The histopathological reports were collected. The results were entered in structured proformas. Data was collected after the informed consent. All the data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version-23.
Results: Fifty patients of both genders were recruited during our study duration. 32 (64.0%) were male while 18(36.0%) were female patients. Mean age of the patient was 54.5 ± 14.3 years with range 18 to 80 years. Among the benign tumors vertebral hemangiomas were most commonly found 5 (10.0%) followed by osteochondroma which was 4 (8.0%), while among malignant........
PREDICAMENTS OF PROSTHETISTS & ORTHOTISTS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Ali Faiza , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To find out the level of anxiety, depression and stress and its association with quality of life ofProsthetists and Orthotists.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Rehabilitation departments and institutes including Pakistan Institute of Prosthetic and Orthotic Sciences, Peshawar; King Edward Medical University, Lahore; Dow Medical University, Karachi; Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi; and Prosthetists and Orthotists working in public and private sectors, over a period of 6 months from Jun 2018 to Nov 2018.
Methodology: A sample of 250 Prosthetists and Orthotists of both genders, aged 20 to 60 years, were recruitedusing non probability purposive sampling. Those working in administrative posts and those who graduated after 2017 were excluded. Demographic sheet; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21; and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey-36 were administered through e-mail for data collection. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version21. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze any association.
Results: Results revealed prevalence of 139 (55.6%) for depression with predominance of moderate depression63 (45.32%), followed by mild 37 (26.62%), severe 24 (17.37%) and very severe depression 15 (10.79%); 154 (61.6%) for anxiety with predominance of severe level of anxiety 59 (38.31%), followed by moderate 48 (31.17%), mild 26 (16.88%), & severe anxiety 21 (13,64%); and 115 (46%) for stress with predominance of moderate stress 55 (47.82%), followed by mild 30 (26.10%), severe 20 (17.39%) and very severe stress 10 (8.69%). For quality of life SF-36 revealed a total mean score of 62.54 ± 16.72 and statistically..........
DETERMINATION OF THE COMBINED WIDTH OF MAXILLARY ANTERIOR TEETH USING INNERCANTHAL DISTANCE WITH RESPECT TO AGE GENDER AND ETHINICITY
Authors: Ahmed Naseer , Abbasi Maria Shakoor , Khan Danish Azeem , Khalid Shiza , Jawed Warda , Mahmood Momina 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width withrespect to age, gender and ethnicity.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, from Aug 2019 to Jan 2020.
Methodology: One hundred participants from both genders with full permanent dentition, no interdental space or pathology and facial symmetry were included in this study. The measurements were carried out with digital Vernier caliper. SPSS-25 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean ± SD of inner canthal distance and width of maxillary anterior teeth were 2.99cm ± 0.46and 3.82cm ± 0.35 respectively. A significant difference was found between gender (p=0.037) and inner canthaldistance. The maxillary anterior teeth width and inner canthal distance varies amongst different ethnicities(p=0.01). The inner canthal distance does not vary with advancing age (p=0.87) whereas width of maxillaryanterior teeth varies (p=0.04). A weak correlation value of 0.47 was found between inner canthal distance andmaxillary anterior teeth width.
Conclusion: This research suggests that there is a weak relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width. Therefore, a multiplication ratio of 1.27 is advised to get combined mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth. Additionally, the value of both differs in various local ethnicities. Inner canthal distance does not vary with age though has significant gender disparities while maxillary anterior teeth width remains constant.