bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Goksuradi Guggulu and Varunadi Kwath with Goksuradi Guggulu in the Management of Mutrasmari w.s.r. to Urolithiasis
Authors: Sabbu Thasineku  , Binod Kumar Singh  , D.L.Bharkher  , Sirjana Shrestha  , Raj Kishor Shah  , Shankar Gautam  
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Mutrasmari is considered as Astamahagada in Ayurveda in which there is formation of stone in the Mutravaha srota. It is an ancient disease with global distribution. The symptoms of Mutrasmari are excruciating pain in urethra, ureter, urinary bladder and over umbilical region, haematuria etc and later that may lead to emergence by the obstruction in urination. Hence on the basis of pathology and its clinical presentation the disease is correlated with Renal calculus or Urolithiasis in modern Urology.
Methodology: 38 patients diagnosed as Mutrasmari were randomly divided in two groups as per the lottery system of randomization. The patients of Group A were given 1000mg Goksuradi guggulu twice a day for 45 days. The patients of Group B were given 1000 mg of Gokshuradi guggulu along with 45 ml of Varunadi kwatha twice a day for 45 days. The patients of both the groups were advised to follow the dietary regimen and lifestyle modification. The effect of the intervention was assessed before and after treatment.
Result: The treatment outcomes were statically analyzed and found that both treatment groups were significant in relieving the symptoms like abdominal pain, burning micturition, dysuria and expulsion of renal culculi. 100% relief noted on Surudhir mutrata (Hematuria) where only single patient complaint had been registered as Hematuria in Group B. In case of Mutradaha (Burning micturation) there was mild improvement in group A and moderate improvement in group B. Similarly there was complete remission in Mahati vedana (Dysuria and Pain in abdomen) case in both Group A and Group B after the treatment. Conclusion: Gokshuradi guggulu along with Varunadi Kwatha shows more significant result than Gokshuradi guggulu.
Balami Sheep: Performance in North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Buvanendran V. , Adu I. F 
Published: March 2021

Balami sheep is the largest indiginous breeds of sheep in Nigeria with a mature ewe weight of 43kg. The performance of this breed was studied using 454 lambing records of 142 ewes during a 6-year period. Lambing occurred throughout the year with a peak during the wet season. First lambing was at 18 months of age and subsequent lambing occurred at approximately 9 months intervals. Mean litter size increased from 1.02 at first lambing to 1.6 at 54 months years of age. Lambing interval was shorter by 50 days for lambing in the wet than in the dry season. Lamb mortality to 10 weeks of age was about 43%. Lambs born during the wet season those from primiparous ewes and twins had low survival rates. Mean birth weight was 3.3kg and weights at 4 and 10 weeks of age were 7.4 and 12.1kg respectively. Type of birth, age of dam and sex had significant effects on weights at all ages. Productivity of ewes estimated as weight of weaned lamb per kg metabolic weight per annum increased with the age of the ewe to about 55 months of age. Repeatability of litter size, lambing interval, birth and 10 weeks were 0.087, 0.091, 0.052 and 0.273 respectively.
EVALUATION OF PALM KERNEL MEAL AS A MAJOR SOURCE OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN FOR FATTENING YANKASA RAMS
Authors: Yakuba I. M. , Umunna N. N. , Njoku P. C. 
Published: March 2021

A 61-day experiment was conducted to assess the effect of feeding Palm Kernal Meal (PKM) as a substitute for maize and cottonseed cake (CSC) in the concentrate for fattening Yankasa rams. PKM replaced CSC wholly and maize at 0.33, 66 and 100% levels to give treatment 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively in a completely randomized design. The concentrates contained 0, 51, 52, 73, 26 and 95.25% PKM respectively. Average daily gains (119-136g/d), dry matter intake (855-897g/day), feed efficiency (6.59-7.19) dry matter digestibility (70.56-77.23%) were not significantly affected by the treatments. However, crude protein digestibility (69.39-76.32%) was significantly (P < 0.01) affected by the treatment, with treatment 4 giving the highest value and treatment 1 the lowest. It was also observed that feed cost per gain (#30.59-#72.91/kg) declined significantly (P < 0.01) with increase in the levels of PKM. Based on the performance of the animals, it can be concluded that PKM can be used as both protein and energy sources for fattening Yankasa rams.
NITROGEN UTILIZATION BY PREGNANT YANKASA SHEEP
Authors: Adu I. F. , Lakpini C. A. M. 
Published: March 2021

Series of Nitrogen – balance trials were conducted during the last 6 weeks of gestation using nine adult Yankasa ewes aged about 242 years. The animals were fed a basal Digitaria smutsii hay diet supplemented with compounded concentrate ration ted at three levels of crude protein, viz 8.4, 15.6 and 19.1%. The estimated metabolizable energy concentration in the rations averaged 3.2 MJ/kg DM. Mean daily liveweight gains during the last third of pregnancy which were 125.7, 165.7 and 214.3g for the three treatment groups respectively were significantly (P< 0.05) affected by the level of crude protein fed. Nitrogen retention increased with dietary crude protein levels. There was a curvilinear relationship between N-intake and N-balance per unit of metabolic weight. The results showed that Yankasa ewes required 1.5g DCP/day/W0.75kg for maintenance and 7.48g DCP/day/Wkg0.75 for pregnancy.
FORMULASI GEL EKSTRAK BATANG PEPAYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Putri Amalia Eka , Handayani Kristina 
Published: March 2021

Infectious disease is an important disease in Indonesia. Infectious diseases can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Infectious diseases can be treated with antibiotics, but antibiotics now resistance.Therefore, other alternatives such as are needed papaya stem which can be used as an antibacterial against S.aureus ATCC 25923. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of papaya stem extract gel against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Papaya stem sample extracted using a method soxhletation with 96% ethanol. The extract was made into a gel dosage with a concentration of 5%. The positive control used is clindamycin and the negative control is gel without extract. The results of the papaya stem gel antibacterial activity test showed that the papaya stem gel had antibacterial activity against S.aureus ATCC 25923. The papaya stem extract gel preparation with a concentration of 5% had an average inhibition zone diameter of 18,56±0,51mm. The antibacterial activity is thought to come from the flavonoids, tannins, and saponins contained in the papaya stem fraction.
Oceanic response to the consecutive Hurricanes Dorian and Humberto (2019) in the Sargasso Sea
Authors: Avila-Alonso Dailé , Baetens Jan M. , Cardenas Rolando , De Baets Bernard 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Understanding the oceanic response to tropical cyclones (TCs) is of importance for studies on climate change. Although the oceanic effects induced by individual TCs have been extensively investigated, studies on the oceanic response to the passage of consecutive TCs are rare. In this work, we assess the upper-oceanic response to the passage of Hurricanes Dorian and Humberto over the western Sargasso Sea in 2019 using satellite remote sensing and modelled data. We found that the combined effects of these slow-moving TCs led to an increased oceanic response during the third and fourth post-storm weeks of Dorian (accounting for both Dorian and Humberto effects) because of the induced mixing and upwelling at this time. Overall, anomalies of sea surface temperature, ocean heat content, and mean temperature from the sea surface to a depth of 100 m were 50 %, 63 %, and 57 % smaller (more negative) in the third–fourth post-storm weeks than in the first–second post-storm weeks of Dorian (accounting only for Dorian effects), respectively. For the biological response, we found that surface chlorophyll a (chl a) concentration anomalies, the mean chl a concentration in the euphotic zone, and the chl a concentration in the deep chlorophyll maximum were 16 %, 4 %, and 16 % higher in the third–fourth post-storm weeks than in the first–second post-storm weeks, respectively. The sea surface cooling and increased biological response induced by these TCs were significantly higher (Mann–Whitney test, p<0.05) compared to climatological records. Our climatological analysis reveals that the strongest TC-induced oceanographic variability in the western Sargasso Sea can be associated with the occurrence of consecutive TCs and long-lasting TC forcing.
Triagem Auditiva Neonatal em crianças portadoras de sífilis congênita em Hospital de Aracaju em 2019
Authors: Gonçalves Ana Maria dos Santos , Guimarães Jordan de Oliveira Sousa , Lopes Izailza Matos Dantas 
Published: March 2021

A audição é o principal sentido responsável pela aquisição da fala e linguagem da criança. A infecção por sífilis é responsável por uma alta taxa de morbimortalidade no período pré-natal e neonatal, podendo levar à hipoacusia neurossensorial precoce ou tardia. Neste estudo, objetiva-se analisar o perfil epidemiológico e fatores de riscos associados aos pacientes portadores de sífilis congênita que realizaram a Triagem Auditiva Neonatal (TAN) em um hospital de ensino na cidade de Aracaju no ano de 2019. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analitico e retrospectivo com nascidos vivos portadores de sífilis congênita. O estudo avaliou 117 pacientes que foram acompanhados no ambulatório de sífilis congênita nesse hospital. Em 31 prontuários não havia informação sobre a realização da TAN e 26 recém-nascidos (RN) não realizaram a triagem. Dos que fizeram o teste 69,8% (n=60) cerca de 63,3% tiveram o resultado normal e 36,7% tiveram alterações auditivas. Entre os que apresentaram alteração auditiva, 54,5% aguardavam a realização do reteste, 36,4% tinham reteste alterado e aguardavam uma nova avaliação e apenas 9,1% apresentou reteste normal. Ademais, 26,5% das mães afirmaram não terem feito tratamento para sífilis congênita durante a gestação, evidenciando um pré-natal não adequado. Por fim, a maioria dos recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita passou na TAN.
Conocimiento de la Rehabilitación Basada en la Comunidad por parte de fonoaudiólogos de la región de Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Silva Ríos Angélica Pilar , Del Campos Rivas Manuel , Pérez Pérez Rodrigo 
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La Rehabilitación Basada en la Comunidad (RBC) representa un nuevo ámbito de trabajo para fonoaudiólogos(as) en Chile. En la región de Valparaíso co-existen organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) y otras instituciones donde la RBC constituye un marco de acción para el quehacer profesional. A la fecha y desde la fonoaudiología, no se ha descrito el manejo teórico-práctico de los profesionales que se desempeñan en este ámbito. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir el conocimiento que poseen los fonoaudiólogos respecto a la estrategia RBC y cómo estos saberes se ajustan a su práctica profesional. Método: estudio convergente paralelo a partir de un estudio observacional-descriptivo, de corte transversal, complementado con un diagnóstico participativo. Resultados: un 22% de los informantes comunica que las instituciones donde trabajan adscriben a la RBC, el 78% cuenta con contratos inferiores a 12 horas semanales y 83% considera que su jornada no le permite realizar acciones atingentes a la estrategia. Un 50% define de forma adecuada la RBC y el 88% acierta al identificar los pilares de la misma. Un 75% de los consultados refiere el ser agente de salud como eje central de su labor y un 25% comunica que sus responsabilidades han de centrarse en la ejecución de talleres comunitarios. Los profesionales observan a la comunidad como un otro al cual asisten sanitariamente y declaran la necesidad de transitar hacia un paradigma donde domine la promoción y la prevención. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de la RBC por parte de fonoaudiólogos participantes del estudio, es aún intuitivo no existiendo coherencia entre los saberes teóricos y prácticos declarados. Es necesario fortalecer la formación a nivel de pre y posgrado, con objeto de alinear la práctica fonoaudiológica con las recomendaciones internacionales de la RBC.
UP‐REGULATION OF A KERATAN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN FOLLOWING CORTICAL INJURY IN NEONATAL RATS
Authors: Geisert Eldon E. , Bidanset Deborah J. , Del Mar Nobel , Robson John A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe up‐regulation of the keratan sulfate proteoglycan (ABAKAN) was examined using indirect immunohistochemical methods. Previous studies indicate that the keratan sulfate proteoglycan is associated with astrocytes in the optic nerve and in the developing rat brain. In model culture systems, this proteoglycan is capable of inhibiting the growth of neurites over laminin. To determine whether the proteoglycan is up‐regulated specifically during reactive gliosis, stab wounds were made in the cerebral cortex of early postnatal rats, and the up‐regulation of the proteoglycan was related to the developmentally regulated gliotic response to injury. Following a stab wound in the cortex of the late postnatal rat, reactive gliosis was consistently observed along with an up‐regulation of ABAKAN. When the cortex was injured on postnatal day 2, there was a variable gliotic response and considerable variation in the regulation of proteoglycan expression. Biochemical analysis revealed that ABAKAN is a large proteoglycan with multiple keratan sulfate side‐chains, at least one chondroitin sulfate side‐chain and at least one additional carbohydrate chain with a terminal 3‐sulfoglucuronic acid. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the boundary proteoglycan ABAKAN is also associated with reactive gliosis during early postnatal development.
Gradual withdrawal of zopiclone (7.5 mg) and zolpidem (10 mg) in insomniacs treated for at least 3 months
Authors: Lemoine P , Allain H , Janus C , Sutet P 
Published: July 2002

SummaryTwo distinct double-blind randomized multicentre studies were undertaken at the same time using the same design. Patients treated for insomnia with zopiclone 7.5 mg or zolpidem 10 mg for at least three months were allocated to two groups: gradual withdrawal or control. In each study the two groups were compared but there was no comparison between zopiclone and zolpidem. The main criteria was the number of patients in each group with “withdrawal syndrome” defined as: the occurrence of an adverse event, or premature discontinuation of treatment or a total score increase of at least 3 points on the Tyrer questionnaire. In both studies the incidence of “withdrawal syndrome” as defined above was significantly higher in the “withdrawal” groups than in the “control” groups 38% vs 20% for zopiclone p = 0.008 and 38% vs 24% for zolpidem P = 0.049. In most cases, the notified symptoms were sleep complaints.
Maternal survival in developing countries: what has been done, what can be achieved in the next decade
Authors: Donnay F 
Published: July 2002

AbstractEvery year, approximately 600 000 women die of pregnancy‐related causes — 98% of these deaths occur in developing countries. For every woman who dies, at least 30 suffer injuries and often, permanent disability. The challenge today is to re‐orient programmes on priority interventions, and to mobilize sufficient resources for their implementation. More resources have been put into antenatal care than into delivery care and the management of complications of births and unsafe abortions. This article describes the effective strategies for reducing maternal death, their policy requirements and programmatic implications, and provides examples of successful developing country programmes. Priority interventions include: (1) improving availability and use of essential obstetric care for the management of complications; (2) strengthening family planning services; (3) ensuring skilled attendance at birth; (4) promoting women‐friendly health services; (5) increasing district‐level planning with community participation; and (6) monitoring process with process indicators. Finally, the promotion of safe motherhood as a right is of crucial importance. Needed now is political commitment as well as coordinated action for the implementation of large‐scale programmes in low‐income countries.
Understanding managerial preferences in selecting equipment
Authors: Stading Gary , Flores Benito , Olson David 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIndustry continues to look for methods of gaining competitive advantage through manufacturing techniques. These techniques, however, can be matched by competitors if used without the guidance of a strategic framework. Similarly, structural capacity choices can be matched by competitors without the infrastructural benefits of a well defined operations strategy. In this study, multiattribute utility (MAU) theory analysis was used in an experiment to quantify the contribution of various structural and infrastructural strategic factors toward sustaining competitive advantage within the context of a capital equipment selection decision. The experimental respondents were manufacturing managers and professionals from the plastics industry. This research provides groundwork for understanding the role of strategic infrastructural factors in sustaining competitive advantage within the structural capacity decision of selecting capital equipment in the plastics industry.
The effects of reduced oxygen tension on cell proliferation and matrix synthesis in synovium and tendon explants from the rabbit carpal tunnel: an experimental study in vitro
Authors: Rempel David , Abrahamsson Sven‐Olof 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLocal ischemia may play an important role in the development of tendon degeneration as well as entrapment neuropathies. In order to investigate the cellular effects of hypoxia on tendon and synovial tissue from the carpal canal, dose response effects of oxygen on cell proliferation and synthesis of matrix components were examined in segments of synovial and flexor digitorum profundus tendon from the carpal tunnel of rabbits during short term culture. Explants were incubated in airtight containers flushed with either 0%, 1%, 3%, 20% O2 plus 2% CO2 and N2 to balance and labeled with either 3H‐thymidine or 3H‐proline and 35S‐sulfate. Cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by hypoxia in synovium but not in tendon (P = 0.03). In parallel, the synthesis of non‐collagenous proteins was significantly reduced in synovium but not in tendon (P = 0.006). In both tissues hypoxia significantly inhibited collagen synthesis. On the other hand, hypoxia had no significant effect on the synthesis of new proteoglycans as determined by 35S‐sulfate incorporation. Hypoxia can inhibit cell proliferation and alter synthesis of matrix components in synovial tissue, but may only have minor effects on non‐collagen protein synthesis in tendon explants from the carpal canal of rabbit forepaws. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The aging olfactory epithelium: Neurogenesis, response to damage, and odorant‐induced activity
Authors: Loo Alice T. , Youngentob Steven L. , Kent Paul F. , Schwob James E. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractOlfactory epithelium retains the capacity to recover anatomically after damage well into adult life and perhaps throughout its duration. None the less, olfactory dysfunctions have been reported widely for elderly humans. The present study investigates the effects of aging on the neurophysiological and anatomical status of the olfactory epithelium in barrier‐raised Fischer 344X Brown Norway F 1 hybrid rats at 7, 10, 25 and 32/35 months old. The posterior part of the olfactory epithelium in 32/35‐month‐old rats is well preserved. Globose basal cells are dividing, and new neurons are being born even at this advanced age. None the less, the numbers of proliferating basal cells and immature, GAP‐43 (+) neurons are significantly decreased. Neurophysiological status was evaluated using voltage‐sensitive dye techniques to assess inherent patterns of odorant‐induced activity in the epithelium lining the septum and the medial surface of the turbinates. In middle and posterior zones of the epithelium, there were neither age‐related changes in overall responsivity of this part of the olfactory epithelium to any of five odorants, nor shifts in the location of the odorant‐induced hotspots. The inherent activity patterns elicited by the different odorants do become more distinct as a function of age, which probably reflects the decline in immature neurons and a slight, but not statistically significant, increase in mature neurons as a function of age. In contrast with the excellent preservation of posterior epithelium, the epithelium lining the anterodorsal septum and the corresponding face of the turbinates is damaged in the 32/35‐month‐old animals: in this part, horizontal basal cells are reactive, more basal cells and sustentacular cells are proliferating than in younger animals or in posterior epithelium of the same animals, and the neuronal population is less mature on average. Our findings indicate that degeneration of the olfactory epithelium is not an inevitable or pre‐programmed consequence of the aging process, since the posterior zone of the epithelium is very well preserved in these barrier‐protected animals. However, the deterioration in the anterior epithelium suggests that environmental insults can accumulate or become more severe with age and overwhelm the regenerative capacity of the epithelium. Alternatively, the regenerative capacity of the epithelium may wane somewhat with age. Either of these mechanisms or some combination of them can account for the functional and anatomical deterioration of the sense of smell associated with senescence in humans.
Neuronal and non‐neuronal cell populations of the avian dorsal root ganglia express muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Bernardini N. , Stefano M.E.De , Tata A.M. , Biagioni S. , Augusti‐tocco G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe distribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors was investigated by immuno‐light and electron microscopy in the chick dorsal root ganglion during embryonic development (E12 and E18) and after hatching. The monoclonal antibody we used recognizes the acetylcholine binding site shared by all five muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. At E12, light microscopy reveals several immunopositive neurons with variable degrees of immunolabeling, heterogeneously distributed throughout the ganglion. Later in development and after hatching, the intensity of immunolabeling seems to decrease and the immunopositive neurons, of the small‐medium‐sized type, are located mostly in the medio‐dorsal region of the ganglion. Under the electron microscope, the immunoreaction is associated with the Nissl bodies, budding Golgi cisterns and, especially at E12, with discrete loci along the neuronal plasma membrane. Unmyelinated nerve fibers, in both central and peripheral branches, are also immunopositive, suggesting that muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are transported towards the spinal cord and the periphery, respectively. A large number of perineuronal satellite cells and both myelinating and unmyelinating Schwann cells are intensely labeled. These observations, combined with previous data on the pharmacological and functional characterization of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the avian dorsal root ganglion, suggest that both sensory neurons and non‐neuronal cells are able to respond to acetylcholine stimuli. Since muscarinic acetylcholine receptor‐immunoreactivity is restricted to the small‐medium‐sized neurons and their unmyelinated fibers, of the nociceptive type, we suggest that these receptors are involved in modulating the transduction of noxious stimuli from the periphery.