bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication Errors in Secondary Care Hospitals in Kuwait: The Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Alsaleh Fatemah M. , Alsaeed Sara , Alsairafi Zahra K. , Almandil Noor B. , Naser Abdallah Y. , Bayoud Tania 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Medication errors (MEs) are the most common cause of adverse drug events (ADEs) and one of the most encountered patient safety issues in clinical settings. This study aimed to determine the types of MEs in secondary care hospitals in Kuwait and identify their causes. Also, it sought to determine the existing system of error reporting in Kuwait and identify reporting barriers from the perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCPs).Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. Full-time physicians, pharmacists, and nurses (aged 21 years and older) working in secondary care governmental hospitals in Kuwait were considered eligible to participate in the study. Descriptive statistics and the Statistical Package for Social Science Software (SPSS), version 27 were used to analyze the data.Results: A total of 215 HCPs were approached and asked to take part in the study, of which 208 agreed, giving a response rate of 96.7%. Most HCPs (n = 129, 62.0%) reported that the most common type of ME is “prescribing error,” followed by “compliance error” (n = 83; 39.9%). Most HCPs thought that a high workload and lack of enough breaks (n = 128; 61.5%) were the most common causes of MEs, followed by miscommunication, either among medical staff or between staff and patients, which scored (n = 89; 42.8%) and (n = 82; 39.4%), respectively. In the past 12 months, 77.4% (n = 161) of HCPs reported that they did not fill out any ME incident reports. The lack of feedback (n = 65; 31.3%), as well as the length and complexity of the existing incident reporting forms (n = 63; 30.3%), were the major barriers against reporting any identified MEs.Conclusions: MEs are common in secondary care hospitals in Kuwait and can be found at many stages of practice. HCPs suggested many strategies to help reduce MEs, including proper communication between HCPs; double-checking every step of the process before administering medications to patients; providing training to keep HCPs up to date on any new treatment guidelines, and computerizing the health system.
Expression Profiles of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs and Their Potential Roles in Primary Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Lu Zhaoyi , Su Kai , Wang Xiaomin , Zhang Mingjie , Ma Shiyin , Li Hui , Qiu Yuanzheng 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, are divided into two categories: tRNA-related fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves (tiRNAs). Abnormal expression of tsRNAs has been found in diverse cancers, which indicates that further understanding of the function of tsRNAs will help identify new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Until now, the underlying roles of tsRNAs in primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are still unknown.Methods: tRF and tiRNA sequencing was performed on four pairs of NPC tissues and healthy controls. Thirty pairs of NPC samples were used for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) verification, and the ROC analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency initially. Target prediction and bioinformatics analysis of validated tRFs and tiRNAs were conducted to explore the mechanisms of tsRNAs in NPC’s pathogenesis.Results: A total of 158 differentially expressed tRFs and tiRNAs were identified, of which 88 are upregulated and 70 are downregulated in NPC. Three validated tRFs in the results of qRT-PCR were consistent with the sequencing data: two upregulations (tRF-1:28-Val-CAC-2 and tRF-1:24-Ser-CGA-1-M3) and one downregulation (tRF-55:76-Arg-ACG-1-M2). The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the potential target genes of validated tRFs are widely enriched in cancer pathways. The related modules may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of NPC.Conclusions: The tsRNAs may become a novel class of biological diagnostic indicators and possible targets for NPC.
Identification of NF1 Frameshift Variants in Two Chinese Families With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Early-Onset Hypertension
Authors: Lu Yi-Ting , Zhang Di , Liu Xin-Chang , Zhang Qiong-Yu , Dong Xue-Qi , Fan Peng , Xiao Yan , Zhou Xian-Liang 
Published: December 2021

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a common autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 gene. It is characterized by multiple café-au-lait macules, cutaneous neurofibromas, optic glioma, Lisch nodules, and axillary and inguinal freckling. The aim of this study was to investigate NF1 mutations in two Chinese families with NF-1 who presented with early-onset hypertension, and to determine the prevalence of hypertension associated with NF-1 to better understand this complication.Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed for the probands with NF-1 from two unrelated families. Possible pathogenic mutation was predicted by bioinformatic tools. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm candidate variants in all available individuals for familial co-segregation analysis. We also performed a systematic literature review of studies that reported the prevalence of hypertension in patients with NF-1.Results: In family 1, a recurrent mutation c.6789_6792delTTAC in NF1 was identified in the proband but in no other family members, indicating that this is a de novo mutation. In family 2, a novel mutation c.6934_6936delGCAinsTGCT in NF1 was detected in the proband and two other family members, which co-segregated with the disease phenotype within the family. Both mutations were predicted to be pathogenic by bioinformatic analysis. We found hypertension was a relatively common complication of NF-1, with a prevalence range of 6.1–23.4%. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is a stable method for detecting initial alterations of the blood pressure pattern, particularly for pre-hypertension.Conclusions: We identified one recurrent (c.6789_6792delTTAC) and one novel frame-shift mutation (c.6934_6936delGCAinsTGCT) in two unrelated families with NF-1 using whole-exome sequencing. In consideration of phenotypic heterogeneity in NF-1, genetic testing is a robust tool which helps early and accurate diagnosis. Because hypertension is not a rare complication of NF-1, routine screening for hypertension in patients with NF-1, especially children and adolescents, is important to avoid serious cardiovascular events.
Application of Dexmedetomidine Sedation Combined With Suprascapular Nerve Block and Axillary Nerve Block in Shoulder Arthroscopy, A Randomized Single-Blind Study
Authors: Wang Chu-Ting , Zhu Liang-Ming , Wu Ji-Ling , Kang Fen-Fen , Lin Zhi-Jian 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anesthetic and analgesic effects of dexmedetomidine combined with suprascapular nerve block and axillary nerve block in shoulder arthroscopy.Methods: A total of 60 patients were randomly divided into the experimental group (DEX group) and the control group (GA group) via a random number table method. Dexmedetomidine sedation combined with suprascapular nerve block and axillary nerve block was used in the DEX group, while general anesthesia with tracheal intubation combined with interscalene brachial plexus block was used in the GA group. The perioperative indexes, intraoperative hemodynamics, cerebral oxygen saturation, and postoperative pain score, as well as any complications, were compared between the two groups.Results: The anesthesia duration (p &lt; 0.05) and postoperative monitoring time (p &lt; 0.05) in the DEX group were significantly shorter than those in the GA group. At most time points during the anesthesia, the cerebral oxygen saturation (p &lt; 0.05) and mean arterial pressure (p &lt; 0.05) in the DEX group were significantly higher than those in the GA group. Additionally, the decrease in the cerebral oxygen saturation and mean arterial pressure in the GA group was significantly higher than that in the DEX group (p &lt; 0.05). The pain score of DEX group 12 h after operation significantly lower than that in the GA group (p &lt; 0.05), and the incidence of postoperative hypoxemia along with nausea and vomiting in the GA group was significantly higher than that in the DEX group (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine combined with suprascapular nerve block and axillary nerve block could reduce the incidence of hypoxemia, while the approach demonstrated better hemodynamic stability, fully ensured the cerebral blood perfusion, and exhibited better anesthetic and analgesic effects, meaning it could be safely and effectively applied in shoulder arthroscopy procedures.
Artesunate Combined With Metformin Ameliorate on Diabetes-Induced Xerostomia by Mitigating Superior Salivatory Nucleus and Salivary Glands Injury in Type 2 Diabetic Rats via the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Zhang Siqin , Li Jiarui , Nong Xiaolin , Zhan Yuxiang , Xu Jiazhi , Zhao Danni , Ma Chubin , Wang Yuchen , Li Yixing , Li Zhan , Li Jiaquan 
Published: December 2021

Polydipsia and xerostomia are the most common complications that seriously affect oral health in patients with diabetes. However, to date, there is no effective treatment for diabetic xerostomia. Recent studies have reported that artesunate (ART) and metformin (Met) improve salivary gland (SG) hypofunction in murine Sjögren’s syndrome. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of artesunate (ART) alone and in combination with metformin (Met) on hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. T2DM rats were induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. SPF male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups: normal control group, untreated diabetic group, ART-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg), Met-treated diabetic group (150 mg/kg), and ART/Met co-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg ART and 150 mg/kg Met). ART and Met were intragastrically administered daily for 4 weeks. The general conditions, diabetes parameters and serum lipids were evaluated after drug treatment. Furthermore, we observed changes in the central superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) and SG, and changes in the AQP5 expression, parasympathetic innervation (AChE and BDNF expression), and PI3K/AKT pathway- (p-AKT, and p-PI3K), apoptosis- (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase3), and autophagy- (LC3 and P62) related markers expression in T2DM rats after treatment. Our results showed that ART or Met alone and ART/Met combination attenuated a range of diabetic symptoms, including weight loss, urine volume increase, water consumption increase, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia. More importantly, we found that these three treatments, especially ART/Met combination, mitigated hyposalivation in the T2DM rats via improving the central SSN and SGs damage in hyperglycemia. Our data also indicated that ART/Met attenuated SG damage though regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy of SGs in the T2DM rats. Moreover, ART/Met preserved parasympathetic innervation (AChE and BDNF expression) in SGs to alleviate diabetes-induced hyposalivation likely through rescuing central SSN damage. Taken together, these findings might provide a novel rationale and treatment strategy for future treatment of diabetes-induced xerostomia in the clinic.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown Measures on the Mental Health of the General Population in the Gulf Cooperation Council States: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Al-Mutawa Naif , Al-Mutairi Nourah 
Published: December 2021

Background: In the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, and Oman), as in the rest of the world, the COVID-19 has been spreading since 2019, and it had a significant impact on various aspects of life. The outbreak and the restrictive measures imposed by countries to stop the spread of the virus could harm the mental health condition of the general population. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the impact of the pandemic on mental health and investigate the potential risk factors.Methods: An online survey was collected from individuals in GCC countries from May to October 2020. The final sample included 14,171 participants, 67.3% females and 60.4% younger than 35 years old. The survey consisted of depression, Anxiety, Insomnia, and post-traumatic stress questionnaires. Crude and adjusted Odds ratios are calculated using simple and multivariable logistic regressions to investigate the association between risk factors and mental health issues.Results: Endorsement rates for depression were 11,352 (80.1%), 9,544 (67.3%) for anxiety, 8,845 (63.9%) for insomnia and 9,046 (65.2%) for post-traumatic stress. Being female and younger age were associated with a higher likelihood of developing depression, anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress. In addition, participants with underlying psychological problems were three times more likely to develop depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms.Conclusion: According to the findings, women, youth, singles, divorced individuals, and individuals with pre-existing psychological and medical conditions are subject to a higher risk of mental health problems during the pandemic, which policy-makers should consider when imposing restrictive measures.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM EQUIPES: APLICAÇÃO NO ENSINO REMOTO
Authors: Negreiro Camila Conceição , Sesti Luís Fernando Castagnino 
Published: December 2021

A aprendizagem dos alunos da educação superior em saúde foi afetada pelo distanciamento imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19. Revelando a necessidade de estratégias de ensino a distância que comporte o ensino teórico juntamente com a aplicação prática dos conteúdos estudados. Para isso, o aluno deve se reconhecer como o protagonista de sua aprendizagem na academia, sendo capaz de resolver problemas e trabalhar em equipe. Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a eficácia prática da aplicação da metodologia Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipes no ensino remoto de Introdução a Biomedicina em turma de Biomedicina no CEULP/ULBRA. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, com natureza qualitativa, na perspectiva de um estudo de caso. A amostra foi composta pelos discentes matriculados no segundo semestre de 2021, na matéria Introdução a Biomedicina do curso de Biomedicina, em Palmas-TO. Foi proposto a aplicação do método através de plataforma online, com uso de roteiro de aula. Por fim, houve uma avaliação de forma a compor o sistema de coleta de dados para averiguar a eficácia da metodologia em alcançar os objetivos propostos pela matéria de Introdução a Biomedicina. Frente aos resultados desta pesquisa, identificou-se que a metodologia ativa de Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipes proporciona uma aprendizagem significativa, centrada no construtivismo, sendo favorável para alcançar as competências desejáveis em profissionais na área da saúde.
Tools for solving management tasks in economic systems of the «organization» type
Authors: Shedko Yu. , Vlasenko M. , Unizhayev N. 
Published: December 2021

The digital economy requires the digital transformation of firms. There is no single solution to the digital transformation process. For each company, the process is carried out according to an individual plan. You can use world experience, but in certain segments of the digital economy, the Russian Federation has gone further than other countries. The authors proposed to consider the problems of digital transformation of energy companies separately. Then combine it into a single approach.
Digital transformation is much broader than the digitization of the workflow. Often, digitizing documents does not provide the synergistic effect of digital transformation. Digital transformation requires a change in the entire management system. All strategic documents should be reengineered. Digital transformation requires new models and methods that can use the information technologies and artificial intelligence systems that appear in the future. The introduction of blockchain technologies as part of digital transformation will allow changing the centralized management system. This will lead to significant cost savings. Digital transformation has highlighted a problem related to the lack of basic competencies of the digital economy among the leaders of energy firms. It is necessary to solve the identified problem in the shortest possible lines. The article reveals the problems associated with the use of information technologies by energy companies supplied from other countries with the possibility of remote change.
Penolakan Gugatan Indonesia Oleh WTO Atas Kebijakan Australia Mengenai Kemasan Rokok Polos
Authors: Setiadi Wicipto 
Published: December 2021

Pemerintah Australia mengeluarkan kebijakan tentang kemasan rokok polos untuk membatasi penjualan rokok di negaranya. Sejak itulah semua rokok yang diproduksi di Australia harus berkemasan polos, tanpa gambar dan slogan. Kebijakan ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi Indonesia karena akan berdampak pada perdagangan internasional produk tembakau. Sebab kebijakan pemerintah Australia tersebut akan diikuti oleh negara-negara lain. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia mengajukan gugatan kepada World Trade Organization (WTO), namun gugatan Indonesia ditolak oleh WTO. Rumusan masalah yang digunakan sebagai dasar pijakan penelitian adalah bagaimana penerapan kebijakan kemasan rokok polos Autralia ditinjau dari hukum internasional yang diatur oleh WTO dan apa dasar hukum penolakan gugatan Indonesia oleh WTO terkait dengan kebijakan kemasan rokok polos Australia? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis-normatif yang dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari dan mengkaji bahan-bahan pustaka yang terkait dengan permasalahan. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penolakan gugatan yang dilakukan oleh WTO tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian internasional yang sudah disepakati. Selain itu, kebijakan kemasan rokok polos merupakan kebijakan yang lebih mengarah pada tindakan untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang sangat parah di Australia.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiyaan Dalam Persfektif Kuhp Dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor :2/Pid.Sus.Anak/2019/PN.Dpk)
Authors: Mulyadi  
Published: December 2021

Dalam perkembangan ilmu pengetauan dan teknologi sangat perlu Negara me – canangkan anak bangsa segagai generasi muda, Anak anak bangsa sebagai generasi penerus yang nota bene sebagai pionir, anak yang dilahirkan sebagai anugrah ciptaan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang dititipkan kepada kita semua, anak memiliki hak sejak dilahirkan sehingga tidak ada siapaun yang bisa merampas hak hak tersebut, anak punya hak yang sama untuk dilindungi dipelihara dan didik sesuai dengan usia dan kedudukannya, anak merupakan potensi sumber daya insani bagi pembangunan Nasional oleh karena pembinaan dan pemgembanganya dimulai sedini mungkin agar dapat berpartisipasi secara optimal bagi pembangunan bangsa dan Negara. Penelitian ini membahas tentang Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiyayaan (tawuran), dalam Persfektif KUH Pidana dan UU No. 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak dalam studi kasus putusan Nomor 2/Pid.Sus.Anak/2019/PN.Dpk serta sanksi apa yang diterapkan kepada pelaku tawuran anak-anak pelajar ini sedangkan metoda penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Dalam Undang-undang ini, Anak adalah seorang yang belum berusia 18 (delapan belas) tahun, termasuk anak masih dalam kandungan. Pelajar adalah siswa didik tingkat menengah dan tingkat atas yang masih aktif menempuh pendidikan. Hukum yang merupakan sebagai panglima yang dibuat oleh penguasa mempunyai berfungsi untuk menjaga ketertiban masyarakat meliputi seluruh wilayah Nusantara termasuk menjaga ketertiban antar pelajar. Kasus ini yang diangkat, adalah terjadinya tawuran anak-anak dilingkungan masyarakat yang tergolong masih pelajar, ini menunjukan masih kurangnya prikemanusiaan serta menipisnya moralitas Bangsa. Acap kali terjadinya kekerasan terhadap fisik yang di alami dilingkungan pelajar saat ini, ini merupakan suatu fenomena buruk yang sangat memprihatinkan, Banyaknya perkelahian masal atau tawuran antar pelajar dikota-kota besar di Indonesia khususnya di wilayah Depok dan sekitarnya merupakan hal yang menarik untuk dibahas.
UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Parapat Yon Tado Wali Manda 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The covid-19 Pandemic must be tackled quickly, both government and society. The covid-19 Pandemic changed the lives of all Indonesians. In disaster management, it is the responsibility of the government to provide management to provide protection for the community from the threat of natural disasters and to ensure the implementation of planned, integrated, coordinated and comprehensive disaster management. This study aims to determine the regulation of criminal acts of corruption that were carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic, the penalties that will be given to perpetrators of corruption during the Covid-19 Pandemic and how to tackle corruption crimes during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The method used in this research is the Normative Juridical Method. Legal efforts in eradicating criminal acts of corruption carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic carried out two strategies, namely preventive and repensive efforts. The community must fully support all Government policies.
Keywords: Covid-19, Corruption, Prevention
Abstrak
Pandemi covid-19 harus ditanggulangi secara cepat, baik pemerintah ataupun masyarakat. Pandemi covid-19 mengubah kehidupan seluruh masyarakat Indonesia. Dalam penanganan bencana adalah tanggung jawab dari pemerintah memberikan penanganan terhadap memberi perlindungan masyarakat dari ancaman bencana alam dan menjamin terselenggarakannya penanggulangan bencana yang terencana, terpadu, terkoordinasi dan menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan pada saat Pandemi Covid-19, hukuman yang akan diberikan pada pelaku pidana korupsi pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 dan upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi pada masa Pandemi covid-19. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Yuridis Normatif. Upaya hukum dalam memberantas tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan pada masa Pandemi covid 19 melakukan dua strategi yaitu upaya preventif dan reprensif. Masyarakat harus mendukung penuh seluruh kebijakan Pemerintah.
Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Korupsi, Penanggulangan
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMILIK HAK ATAS SATUAN RUMAH SUSUN TANPA SERTIFIKAT (STUDI KASUS APARTEMEN CASA GRANDE RESIDENCE)
Authors: Zerlina Zana , Taupiqqurrahman Taupiqqurrahman 
Published: December 2021

PT. Elite Prima Hutama adalahpengembang Apartemen Casa Grande Residence. Antara PT. Elite Prima Hutama dengan Alia Febyani telah menandatangani Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) Unit Apartemen Casa Grande Residence. Namun sejak Serah Terima Apartemen hingga saat ini belum dilaksanakan penandatanganan Akta Jual Beli sehingga tidak ada kepastian kapan akan mendapatkan Sertifikat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pelindungan hukum terhadap pemilik hak atas satuan rumah susun tanpa sertifikat serta untuk mengetahui Proses peralihan hak milik atas satuan rumah susun tanpa sertifikat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan menelaah bahan sekunder.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwasehubungan dengan perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pengembang atas tidak diterbitkannya Sertifikat, adapun perlindungan hukum terhadap pemilik satuan rumah susun adalah : 1.) KUHPer, 2.) Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2011 tentang Rumah Susun 3.) Undang-Undang No.8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Selanjutnya, Proses peralihan jual beli satuan rumah susun tanpa sertifikat adalah dengan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) sebagai pengikatan sementara sebelum pembuatan akta jual beli dan menjadi pedoman bagi para pihak untuk melaksanakan hak dankewajiban.