bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rikkunshito for Upper Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol
Authors: Liu Hong , Ren Yifeng , Wang Yuting , Yang Yu , Zheng Chuan , You Fengming 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUpper gastrointestinal syndrome including nausea, vomiting, and anorexia is a common side effect of chemotherapy, which are associated with treatment interruptions, reduced food intake, decreased functionality and a worse quality of life. Rikkunshito is a traditional herbal medicine that has gained increasing attention in recent years for its effect on relieving gastrointestinal disorders in various digestive diseases, while its efficacy for upper gastrointestinal syndrome induced by chemotherapy remains uncertain. MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Chinese databases, and Japanese database will be systematically searched from their inception onwards. Randomized controlled trials will be assessed. The primary outcome parameters are the complete control (CC) rate, complete response (CR) rate, and complete protection (CP) rate in the overall phase (0–120 hours). The secondary outcomes include: (I) the CC rate, CR rate and CP rate during the acute phase (0–24 hours) and delayed phase (24–120 hours); (II) the score and frequency of vomiting, nausea, and anorexia occurring; (III) the daily dietary intake and body weight; (IV) plasma ghrelin level; (V) quality of life; (VI) incidence of adverse events. The overall quality of the data will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. Risk of bias will be evaluated by the Cochrane tool. Reporting bias will be estimated using Begg and Egger tests. Heterogeneity will be evaluated by the I2 statistic and Q test. If I2 > 50%, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis of different items will be performed. DiscussionFrom the study, we will ascertain the efficacy and safety of rikkunshito in chemotherapy-induced upper gastrointestinal syndrome. This review may provide evidence for rikkunshito as an adjuvant to treat upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with cancer. Systematic review registration﻿CRD42020214299 in PROSPERO.
Worry and Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Among Government Employees in Ethiopia
Authors: Deressa Wakgari , Worku Alemayehu , Getachew Sefonias , Amogne Wondwossen , Abebe Workeabeba 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Worry and perceived risk have been identified as important factors that affect people’s attitude to adopt preventive behaviors against infectious diseases outbreaks and pandemics. However, very few recent studies investigated the worry and perceived risk aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the level of worry and perceived risk of COVID-19 among government employees working in 46 public institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods

This cross-sectional study used a sample of 1,573 respondents selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographics, worry and perceived risks of COVID-19 were collected using a self-administered questionnaire between 8th and 19th June 2020. Summary statistics were used to summarize the data. Mixed-effects linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of COVID-19 worry and perceived risk.
Results

The mean (± SD) age was 35 (± 8.5) years, with 58.3% aged between 30 to 49 years. About 63% were male and 87% had bachelor’s degree or above. Almost all (98%) respondents were worried about the economic crisis due to COVID-19, followed by worries related to limited access to food supplies (97%), and losing loved one’s (95%). Majority (81%) reported they were being susceptible to coronavirus, and 79% indicated they had a chance of acquiring the virus. About 61% reported their personal health’s increased risk of COVID-19 due to their work characteristics. Predictors of COVID-19 worry were increased year of service (β = 0.09, p = 0.001), being from Oromia (β = 3.93, p < 0.001), younger age (β = -0.07, p < 0.001), having bachelor’s degree (β = -1.58, p = 0.001), and master’s degree or above β = -1.84, p < 0.001). COVID-19 level of worry (β = 0.07, p < 0.001), being men (β = 0.34, p = 0.010) and self-reported chronic illness (β = 0.45, p = 0.047) were significant predictors of perceived risk.
Conclusions

This study demonstrated higher level of COVID-19 related worry and perceived risk. COVID-19 worry correlated significantly with perceived risk. The findings highlight the importance of considering public reactions such as worry and risk perceptions towards COVID-19 to inform the ongoing public health interventions and health promotion programs.
DIVIS: A Semantic Distance to Improve the Visualization of Incomplete Heterogeneous Phenotypic Datasets
Authors: Eid Rayan , Landès Claudine , Pernet Alix , Benoît Emmanuel , Santagostini Pierre , Ghaziri Angélina El , Bourbeillon Julie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThanks to the wider spread of high-throughput experimental techniques, biologists are accumulating large amounts of datasets which often mix quantitative and qualitative variables and are not always complete, in particular when they regard phenotypic traits. In order to get a first insight into these datasets and reduce the data matrices size scientists often rely on multivariate analyses. However such approaches are not always easily practicable in particular when faced with mixed datasets with missing values. Moreover displaying large numbers of individuals leads to cluttered visualizations which are difficult to interpret. ResultsWe introduce a new methodology to overcome these limits. The underlying principle consists in (i) grouping similar individuals, (ii) representing each group by emblematic individuals we call archetypes and (iii) build sparse visualizations based on these archetypes. As a preliminary step to the clustering we design a new semantic distance tailored for both quantitative and qualitative variables which allows a realistic representation of the relationships between individuals. This semantic distance is based on ontologies which are engineered to represent real life knowledge regarding the underlying variables. Our approach is implemented as a Python pipeline and illustrated by a rosebush dataset including passport and phenotypic data. ConclusionsThe introduction of our new semantic distance and of the archetype concept allows us to build a comprehensive representation of an incomplete dataset characterized by large proportion of qualitative data. The methodology described here could have wider use beyond information characterizing organisms or species and beyond plant science. Indeed we could apply the same approach to any incomplete mixed dataset.
Carbon Monoxide Modulation of Microglia-Neuron Communication: Anti-Neuroinflammatory and Neurotrophic Role
Authors: Soares Nuno L. , Paiva Inês , Bravo Joana , Queiroga Claudia S.F. , Melo Bernadete F. , Conde Silvia V. , Romão Carlos C. , Summavielle Teresa , Vieira Helena L.A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Microglia, the ‘resident immunocompetent cells’ of the central nervous system (CNS), are key players in innate immunity, synaptic refinement and homeostasis. Dysfunctional microglia contribute heavily to the creation of a toxic inflammatory milieu, a driving factor in the pathophysiology of several CNS disorders. Strategies for modulation of microglial function are required to tackle exacerbated tissue inflammation. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous gaseous molecule, produced by the degradation of haem, which presents several biological functions, namely anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, pro-homeostatic and cytoprotective.Methods A novel molybdenum based CO-releasing molecule ALF826 was used for the assessment of neuron-microglia remote communication. Primary cultures of rat microglia and neurons, or BV-2 microglial mouse cell line and CAD neuronal mouse cell line were used to study microglia to neuron interaction. An approach based on microglial derived conditioned media in neuronal culture was applied.Results Medium derived from CO-treated microglia provided indirect neuroprotection against inflammation by limiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of reactivity markers (CD11b), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, nitrites). This consequently prevented neuronal cell death and maintained neuronal morphology. In contrast, in the absence of inflammatory stimulus, conditioned media from CO-treated microglia improved neuronal morphological complexity, which is an indirect manner of assessing neuronal function. Likewise, microglial medium also prevented neuronal cell death induced by pro-oxidant tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). ALF826 treatment reinforced microglia secretion of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and adenosine, mediators which may be involved in providing protection against t-BHP stress in this remote communication model. Chemical inhibition of adenosine receptors A2A and A1 reverted CO-derived neuroprotective effect, further highlighting a role for CO in regulating neuron-microglia communication via purinergic signalling.Conclusions Our findings indicate that CO has a modulatory role on microglia-to-neuron communication, promoting neuroprotection in a non-cell autonomous manner. In conclusion, CO-induced neuroprotection is afforded (i) by blocking exacerbated microglial inflammation and (ii) by the microglial release of neurotrophic factors. For the first time it is described CO improvement of microglial neurotrophism under non-inflammatory conditions.
Association Between Base Excess and Mortality Among Patients in ICU with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Cheng Yi , Tang Yuanjun , Tu Boxiang , Cheng Xin , Qi Ran , Guo Wei , Li Dongdong , Wu Shengyong , Zhu Ronghui , Zhao Yanfang , Qin Yingyi , Wu Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the association between base excess (BE) and risk of 30-day mortality among patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) in ICU.Methods This retrospective study including ICU patients with AKI from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database. We used multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for risk of 30-day mortality among patients with AKI. Furthermore, we utilized Cox proportional-hazard model with restrict cubic splines (RCS) to explore the potential no-linear association. Results Of all the 14238 ICU patients with AKI, BE showed U-shaped relationship with risk of 30-day mortality for patients with AKI, and higher or lower BE value could increase the risk. Compared with normal base excess (-3~3 mmol/L), patients with difference groups (BE ≤ -9mmol/L, -9 mmol/L <BE≤-3 mmol/L, 3 mmol/L <BE≤9 mmol/L and BE＞9 mmol/L) had different HR for mortality: 1.57(1.40,1.76), 1.26(1.14,1.39), 0.97(0.83,1.12), 1.53(1.17,2.02) respectively. And the RCS analyses also showed U-shaped curve between BE and 30-day mortality risk.Conclusion Our results suggest both higher and lower BE in patients with AKI would increase the risk of 30-day mortality. BE measured at administration could be a critical prognostic indicator for ICU patients with AIK and provide guidance for clinicians.
Combination of Synovial Fluid IL-4 and Polymorphonuclear Cell Percentage Improves the Diagnostic Accuracy of Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Huang Jiaxing , wang Jiawei , Qin Lei lei , Zhu Bo , Zhu Sizheng , yang Jianye , Huang Wei , Hu Ning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Synovial fluid biomarkers have been confirmed with promising diagnostic value for chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), even there was still no “gold standard”. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophil) count in synovial fluid play a crucial role in mediating local inflammation of bacterial infections and therefore could be valuable biomarkers for PJI. Methods: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic capacity of synovial fluid IL4 (SF-IL4) and polymorphonuclear cell percentage(SF-PMN%) for chronic PJI. According to the 2013 Musculoskeletal Infections Society(MSIS 2013) criteria, chronic PJI is defined as occurred more than 6 weeks after the primary arthroplasty. A total of 110 patients who scheduled to undergo revision arthroplasty from January 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled. 11 patients were eliminated by exclusion criteria. 43 of 99 patients were classified as infected and 56 as not infected. In all patients, SF-IL4 and SF-PMN% were measured in synovial fluid, serum CRP, ESR levels were measured preoperatively. The area under the curve(AUC) for each biomarker was analyzed, the diagnostic value and optimal cutoff values were calculated. Results: The demographic data was not statistically different. The SF-IL4 and SF-PMN% showed a great diagnostic accuracy of chronic PJI from aseptic failure patients with AUC of 0.97(95% confidence interval (CI), 0.92-0.99) and 0.89(95%CI, 0.82-0.95) separately, which was higher than the serum ESR (0.72), and serum CRP (0.83). We set 1.7 pg/mL and 75% as the optimal cut-off values of SF-IL4 and SF-PMN% individually. Combination of SF-IL4 and SF-PMN% improved the diagnostic ability for chronic PJI with a specificity of 97.0%, and 96.0% accuracy.Conclusion: Synovial fluid IL-4 was a valuable biomarker for chronic PJI detection. Combination of SF-IL4 and SF-PMN% provided higher specificity and accuracy when met the cut-off values of 1.7 pg/mL and 75% simultaneously.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Cryptochrome and REV-ERB Promotes DNA Repair and Cell Cycle Arrest in Cisplatin-Treated Human Cells
Authors: Anabtawi Nadeen , Cvammen William , Kemp Michael G. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) and cell cycle checkpoints impact the ability of the anti-cancer drug cisplatin to inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell death. Genetic studies have shown that both NER and cell cycle progression are impacted by the circadian clock, which has emerged as a novel pharmacological target for the treatment of various disease states. In this study, cultured human cell lines were treated with combinations of cisplatin and the circadian clock modulating compounds KS15 and SR8278, which enhance circadian clock transcriptional output by inhibiting the activities of the cryptochrome and REV-ERB proteins, respectively. Treatment of cells with KS15 and SR8278 protected cells against the anti-proliferative effects of cisplatin and increased the expression of NER factor XPA and cell cycle regulators Wee1 and p21 at the mRNA and protein level. Correlated with these molecular changes, KS15 and SR8278 treatment resulted in fewer unrepaired cisplatin-DNA adducts in genomic DNA and a higher fraction of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Thus, the use of pharmacological agents targeting the circadian clock could be a novel approach to modulate the responses of normal and cancer cells to cisplatin chemotherapy regimens.
UHMK1 Dependent Phosphorylation of Cajal Body Protein Coilin Altered 5-FU Sensitivity in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Niu Huan , Zhao Meng , Huang Jing , Wang Jing , Si Yang , Cheng Shan , Ding Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in chemotherapy and recurrence of colorectal tumors is a serious problem to be resolved for the improvement of clinical outcomes.Methods: In the present study, the effects of conditioned medium (CM) derived from 5-FU-resistant HCT-8/FU on cell functions were evaluated. The methods of immunofluorescence and RNA-seq analyses were used to investigate the molecular mechanism underlining the roles of CM from resistant cells.Results: we found that CM derived from 5-FU-resistant HCT-8/FU was able to reduce 5-FU chemosensitivity of HCT-8 colon cancer cells, with correlating changes in the number and morphology of the Cajal bodies (CBs) as observable nuclear structures. We identified UHMK1 was able to change the disassembly and reassembly of CBs regulated by the phosphorylation of coilin, a major component of CBs, and subsequently resulted in a large number of variations of RNA alternative splicing, affecting the cell survival following 5-FU treatment through changes in intracellular phenotype and transmitted preadaptive signals to adjacent cells in tumor microenvironment (TME).Conclusion: Our finding provided evidence to demonstrate CBs of their disassembling/reassembling dynamics to indicate drug sensitivity or resistance in tumor cells in response to stress signal. The results also suggested that UHMK1 could be an important factor to maintain CB structure and morphology with its possible roles in the regulation of splicing events, especially when cells exposed to cytotoxic drugs.
How to Hedge Against Inflation Risk in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen T. Thanh-Binh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Vietnam has experienced galloping inflation and faced serious dollarization since its reform. To effectively control its inflation for promoting price stability, it is necessary to find efficacious leading indicators and the hedging mechanism. Using monthly data over the period from January 1997 to June 2020, this study finds the predictive power and hedge effectiveness of both gold and the US dollar on inflation in the long-run and short-run within the asymmetric framework. Especially, the response of inflation to the shocks of gold price and the US dollar are quick and decisive, disclosing the sensitiveness of inflation to these two variables.
‘I feel that injustice is being done to me’: a qualitative study of women’s viewpoints on the (lack of) reimbursement for social egg freezing
Authors: De Proost Michiel , Coene Gily , Nekkebroeck Julie , Provoost Veerle 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

During the last decade, the possibility for women to cryopreserve oocytes in anticipation of age-related fertility loss, also referred to as social egg freezing, has become an established practice at fertility clinics around the globe. In Europe, there is extensive variation in the costs for this procedure, with the common denominator that there are almost no funding arrangements or reimbursement policies. This is the first qualitative study that specifically explores viewpoints on the (lack of) reimbursement for women who had considered to uptake at least one social egg freezing cycle in Belgium.
Methods

To understand the moral considerations of these women, drawing from twenty-one interviews, this paper integrates elements of a symbiotic empirical ethics approach and thematic analysis.
Results

We identify three themes: (1) From ongoing concern to non-issue; (2) Negotiating the reimbursement for social egg freezing; (3) From fully out-of-pocket to (partial) free good. In the first theme, we found that some women were concerned about the cost of social egg freezing and the lack of clear information about it. Furthermore, they reported moral sentiments of injustice which they attributed to their lack of acknowledgement for their struggles and needs. Other women perceived the reimbursement controversy of social egg freezing as something far removed from their lived experience. The second theme illustrates diverse views on reimbursement, ranging from viewing social egg freezing as an elective treatment unbefitting reimbursement to preferences for greater public responsibility and wider access. Finally, we describe the participants’ varying proposals for partial reimbursement and the idea that it should not be made available for free.
Conclusions

This research adds important empirical insights to the bioethics debate on social egg freezing, in particular by presenting (potential) users’ views on the lack of reimbursement. Based on our results, it seems an oversimplification to portray social egg freezers as merely affluent women who are not concerned about the coverage of egg freezing costs. While there is much more to say about the ethical and political complexities of the reimbursement of this procedure, our study highlighted the voices of (potential) users and showed that at least some of them express a preference or a need for reimbursement.
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Artemisinin Resistance-Related Pfubp1 and Pfap2mu Genes in Plasmodium Falciparum, Central China
Authors: Cheng Weijia , Wu Kai , Song Xiaonan , Wei Wang , Du Weixing , Li Jian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMolecular markers for monitoring resistance could help improve malaria treatment policies. Delayed clearance of Plasmodium falciparum by Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) has been reported in several countries. In addition to the PfKelch13 (pfk13), new drug resistance genes, the ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (pfubp1) and the eadaptor protein complex 2 mu subunit (pfap2mu) have been identified as being linked to ACTs. This study investigated the prevalence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in clinical Plasmodium falciparum isolates pfubp1 and pfap2mu imported from Africa and Southeast Asia (SEA) to Wuhan, China, to provide baseline data for antimalarial resistance monitoring in this region.MethodsPeripheral Blood samples were collected in Wuhan, China, from August 2011 to December 2019. The SNPs of Pfubp1 and pfap2mu of P. falciparum were determined by nested PCR and Sanger sequencing. ResultsIn total, 296 samples were collected. Subsequently, 92.23% (273/296) were successfully amplified and sequenced for the Pfubp1. There were 60.07% (164/273) wild strains and 39.93% (109/273) mutant strains. For the pfap2mu gene, it was divided into three fragments for amplification, 82.77% (245/296), 90.20% (267/296) and 94.59% (280/296) were sequenced successfully respectively. Genotypes reportedly associated with ACTs resistance detected in this study included pfubp1 D1525E as well as E1528D and pfap2mu S160N. The mutation prevalence rates were 10.99% (30/273), 13.19% (36/273) and 11.24% (30/267), respectively. ConclusionsThe existence of mutation sites of known clearance genes detected in the isolates in this study, including D1525E and E1528D in the pfubp1 gene, and S160N in the pfap2mu gene, further proved the risk of ACTs resistance. Constant vigilance is therefore needed to protect the effectiveness of ACTs, and to prevent the spread of drug-resistant P. falciparum. Further studies in malaria-endemic countries are needed to further validate potential genetic markers for monitoring parasite populations in Africa and SEA.