bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Deep Field optical + near-infrared images and catalogue
Authors: Hartley W G , Choi A , Amon A , Gruendl R A , Sheldon E , Harrison I , Bernstein G M , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Yanny B , Eckert K , Diehl H T , Alarcon A , Banerji M , Bechtol K , Buchs R , Cantu S , Conselice C , Cordero J , Davis C , Davis T M , Dodelson S , Drlica-Wagner A , Everett S , Ferté A , Gruen D , Honscheid K , Jarvis M , Johnson M D , Kokron N , MacCrann N , Myles J , Pace A B , Palmese A , Paz-Chinchón F , Pereira M E S , Plazas A A , Prat J , Rodriguez-Monroy M , Rykoff E S , Samuroff S , Sánchez C , Secco L F , Tarsitano F , Tong A , Troxel M A , Vasquez Z , Wang K , Zhou C , Abbott T M C , Aguena M , Allam S , Annis J , Bacon D , Bertin E , Bhargava S , Brooks D , Burke D L , Carnero Rosell A , Carrasco Kind M , Carretero J , Castander F J , Costanzi M , Crocce M , da Costa L N , De Vicente J , DeRose J , Desai S , Dietrich J P , Eifler T F , Elvin-Poole J , Ferrero I , Flaugher B , Fosalba P , García-Bellido J , Gaztanaga E , Gerdes D W , Gschwend J , Gutierrez G , Hinton S R , Hollowood D L , Huterer D , James D J , Kent S , Krause E , Kuehn K , Kuropatkin N , Lahav O , Lin H , Maia M A G , March M , Marshall J L , Martini P , Melchior P , Menanteau F , Miquel R , Mohr J J , Morgan R , Neilsen E , Ogando R L C , Pandey S , Romer A K , Roodman A , Sako M , Sanchez E , Scarpine V , Serrano S , Smith M , Soares-Santos M , Suchyta E , Swanson M E C , Tarle G , Thomas D , To C , Varga T N , Walker A R , Wester W , Wilkinson R D , Zuntz J ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Deep Fields, a set of images and associated multiwavelength catalogue (ugrizJHKs) built from Dark Energy Camera (DECam) and Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) data. The DES Deep Fields comprise 11 fields (10 DES supernova fields plus COSMOS), with a total area of ∼30 sq. deg. in ugriz bands and reaching a maximum i-band depth of 26.75 (AB, 10σ, 2 arcsec). We present a catalogue for the DES 3-yr cosmology analysis of those four fields with full 8-band coverage, totalling 5.88 sq. deg. after masking. Numbering 2.8 million objects (1.6 million post-masking), our catalogue is drawn from images coadded to consistent depths of r = 25.7, i = 25, and z = 24.3 mag. We use a new model-fitting code, built upon established methods, to deblend sources and ensure consistent colours across the u-band to Ks-band wavelength range. We further detail the tight control we maintain over the point-spread function modelling required for the model fitting, astrometry and consistency of photometry between the four fields. The catalogue allows us to perform a careful star–galaxy separation and produces excellent photometric redshift performance (NMAD = 0.023 at i &lt; 23). The Deep-Fields catalogue will be made available as part of the cosmology data products release, following the completion of the DES 3-yr weak lensing and galaxy clustering cosmology work.
Evidence for an expanding corona based on spectral-timing modelling of multiple black hole X-ray binaries
Authors: Cao Zheng , Lucchini Matteo , Markoff Sera , Connors Riley M T , Grinberg Victoria 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Galactic black hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) provide excellent laboratories to study accretion, as their relatively quick evolution allows us to monitor large changes in the in-flowing and/or out-flowing material over human timescales. However, the details of how the inflow-outflow coupling evolves during a BHXB outburst remain an area of active debate. In this work we attempt to probe the physical changes underlying the system evolution, by performing a systematic analysis of the multi-wavelength data of three BHXB sources: XTE J1752-223, MAXI J1659-152, and XTE J1650-500, during hard and hard-intermediate states. Using the power spectral hue which characterises the X-ray variability properties, we identify several clusters of BHXB epochs and perform the joint multi-wavelength spectral modelling to test their commonality with a physical jet model. Under the assumption that the corona is related to the base of the jet, we find that the power spectral hue traces the variation of the coronal radius (from ∼10Rg − ∼ 40Rg) in multiple BHXBs at hard and hard-intermediate states, and that the data are consistent with moderately truncated accretion discs (&lt;25Rg) during hard-intermediate states. We also find that all epochs of low disc reflection have high hue located near the hard-intermediate to soft-intermediate state transition, indicating that in these states the vertical extent of the corona and/or its bulk speed are increasing. Our results link the geometrical similarity in the corona among multiple BHXB sources to their timing characteristics, and probe the corona responding to the disc-jet interactions at hard and intermediate states during outbursts.
A multiwavelength study of the H ii region G347.600 + 00.211 and its effects on the surrounding medium
Authors: Cárdenas S B , Cichowolski S , Suad L A , Molina Lera J A , Gamen R , Rizzo L 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a multiwavelength investigation of the H ii region G347.600+00.211, located at a distance of 7.9 kpc. We analyse the gas and dust properties aiming to disentangle the origin of the region as well as its role in the formation of new stars. G347.600 + 00.211 is very conspicuous at 1420 MHz and infrared wavelengths, showing an incomplete shell-like structure with two distinct zones of very intense emission. The infrared bubble S8 is part of the shell structure. The spatial distribution of the molecular gas shows the presence of six clouds located around the ionized region and showing a good morphological correlation with the 8-$\mu$m emission. Cold dust is coincident with the dense gas shown in the CO measurements. As for the origin of the region, we found that the massive cluster [DBS2003]179 and two Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars are located at the same distance than the ionized gas. Based on a stellar density analysis, we inferred that one of the WR stars, 1181-81L, is also a probable member of the cluster. Both the cluster and the WR stars are not only within the ring-like structure, but are also located near the two spots of very heightened emission, suggesting they may be responsible for this bright emission. Finally, as expanding H ii regions are hypothesized to trigger star formation, we used different infrared point source catalogues to search for young stellar object candidates (cYSOs). A total of 33 cYSOs and 4 CH ii regions were identified projected on to the photodissociation regions and molecular clouds.
Workers’ health surveillance targeting mental health: evaluation of a training
Authors: Los F S , van der Molen H F , de Boer A G E M , Hulshof Carel T J , Ketelaar S M , Nieuwenhuijsen K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Mental health complaints occur frequently among healthcare workers. A workers’ health surveillance mental health module (WHS-MH) was found to be effective in improving work functioning of nurses, although not implemented regularly. Therefore, training for occupational physicians and nurses to facilitate the implementation of WHS-MH was developed and evaluated.

Aims
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of training on knowledge, self-efficacy and motivation to implement WHS-MH, and to evaluate participants’ satisfaction with the training.

Methods
Three-hour training was held among 49 occupational physicians and nurses in the Netherlands. Effect on knowledge, self-efficacy and motivation was assessed using knowledge tests and questionnaires before and immediately after the training. Satisfaction with the training was measured using questionnaires after the training.

Results
A mean knowledge test score of 5.3 (SD = 1.6) was found before training, which did not significantly increase after training (M = 5.6, SD = 1.8). In total, 43% agreed or strongly agreed to have sufficient skills to implement WHS-MH, which significantly increased to 78% after the training. Furthermore, 87% agreed or strongly agreed to be motivated to initiate WHS, which significantly increased to 94% after the training. The majority of participants were satisfied with the training.

Conclusions
Training may enhance the implementation of the WHS-MH through increasing self-efficacy and motivation. However, no effect on level of knowledge to implement WHS-MH was found.
SARS-CoV-2 exposures among healthcare workers in New York City
Authors: Ganz-Lord F A , Segal K R , Gendlina I , Rinke M L , Weston G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a significant impact on hospitals, including the occupational health departments in charge of handling healthcare worker (HCW) staffing during high rates of exposure and infection of HCWs. HCWs who were exposed to a patient or community member infected with SARS-CoV-2 were required to isolate from work for a minimum of 14 days from the date of exposure.

Aims
This study was aimed to assess the relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection following different types of workplace and community exposures.

Methods
We analyzed the details of workplace and community exposures of HCWs to SARS-CoV-2 at Montefiore Medical Center in New York between 22 June 2020 and 22 November 2020.

Results
Of 562 HCW SARS-CoV-2 exposures analyzed, 218 were from the community and 345 were from the workplace. Twenty-nine per cent of community exposures resulted in infection, which was significantly greater than workplace exposure infection (2%). Household community exposures resulted in a larger frequency of infection than non-household community exposures. Of the seven infections after workplace exposures, five had qualifying exposures to a co-worker and two were exposed to an infected patient during a non-aerosolized procedure.

Conclusions
HCW exposure to SARS-CoV-2 continues to present staffing challenges to healthcare systems. Even with deviations from standard personal protective equipment protocol, workplace exposures resulted in low frequencies of infection. In our study, the primary source of HCW infection was exposure in the community. Our findings support investing in efforts to educate around continued masking and social distancing in the community in addition to interventions targeted at addressing vaccine hesitancy.
Banding data show hummingbirds have high rates of hybridization
Authors: Clark Christopher J , Rankin David T , Rudeen Carl E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We estimate hybridization rates among hummingbirds using nearly a million banding records from the United States and Canada. Annually from 2006 to 2019, an average of 44,600 individual hummingbirds and 14 hybrids were banded. Nearly all reports of hybrids come from localities west of the Mississippi, where multiple species breed in sympatry, whereas only Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris) breeds east of the Mississippi. Adult male hybrids comprise 62% of all hybrids banded, a significantly greater fraction than “regular” adult males, which are 29% of all birds banded (excluding Ruby-throated Hummingbird). We infer that this excess of adult male hybrids is caused by ascertainment bias: banders more often misidentify female hybrids as parental species because females mostly lack species-specific showy sexual ornaments of male hummingbirds, making them harder to identify, rather than Haldane’s rule of reduced survivorship of the heterogametic sex. Also influencing the apparent hybridization rate are banders, a few of whom seek out or avoid hybrids. After considering these biases, the data suggest that, in areas of the United States and Canada with &gt;1 species, approximately 1 hummingbird in a thousand (0.1%) is an F1 hybrid.
Exogenous chalcone synthase expression in developing poplar xylem incorporates naringenin into lignins
Authors: Mahon Elizabeth L , de Vries Lisanne , Jang Soo-Kyeong , Middar Sandeep , Kim Hoon , Unda Faride , Ralph John , Mansfield Shawn D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Lignin, a polyphenolic polymer, is a major chemical constituent of the cell walls of terrestrial plants. The biosynthesis of lignin is a highly plastic process, as highlighted by an increasing number of noncanonical monomers that have been successfully identified in an array of plants. Here, we engineered hybrid poplar (Populus alba x grandidentata) to express chalcone synthase 3 (MdCHS3) derived from apple (Malus domestica) in lignifying xylem. Transgenic trees displayed an accumulation of the flavonoid naringenin in xylem methanolic extracts not inherently observed in wild-type trees. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed the presence of naringenin in the extract-free, cellulase-treated xylem lignin of MdCHS3-poplar, indicating the incorporation of this flavonoid-derived compound into poplar secondary cell wall lignins. The transgenic trees also displayed lower total cell wall lignin content and increased cell wall carbohydrate content and performed significantly better in limited saccharification assays than their wild-type counterparts.
FABP3 overexpression promotes vascular fibrosis in Takayasu’s arteritis by enhancing fatty acid oxidation in aorta adventitial fibroblasts
Authors: Wu Sifan , Kong Xiufang , Sun Ying , Dai Xiaojuan , Yu Wensu , Chen Rongyi , Ma Lili , Jiang Lindi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
To identify the role of fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) in vascular fibrosis in Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods
The expression of FABP3 and extracellular matrix proteins (ECMs) were detected in aorta tissues from TAK patients (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 8) by immunohistochemistry. The concentration of serum proteins was determined by ELISA. CCK8 and Ki67 staining were used to measure aorta adventitial fibroblast (AAF) proliferation. Widely targeted lipidomic profiling was used to screen for associated metabolic pathways. Changes in ECMs and fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-related enzymes were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The interactions between FABP3 and these enzymes were explored with a co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay.

Results
The expression of FABP3 was increased in the thickened adventitia of TAK patients and was positively correlated with the serum expression of ECMs. FABP3 knockdown inhibited AAF proliferation and ECM production, whereas FABP3 overexpression enhanced these processes. Further analysis revealed that FABP3 upregulation promoted carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A and carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein (CACT) expression, two key enzymes in FAO, as well as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. FABP3 and CACT were co-localized in the adventitia and bound to each other in AAFs. Etomoxir reversed the enhanced FAO, ATP production, AAF proliferation and ECM production mediated by FABP3 upregulation. Treatment with 60 g/day curcumin granules for 3 months reduced the level of serum FABP3. Curcumin also inhibited vascular fibrosis by reducing FABP3-enhanced FAO in AAFs.

Conclusion
Elevated FABP3 expression accelerated vascular fibrosis in TAK, which was likely mediated by promoting FAO in AAFs.
OCCUPATIONAL DOSE OF OPERATORS OF NUCLEAR MOISTURE DENSITY GAUGES USED IN PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION IN SAUDI ARABIA USING THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSEMETERS
Authors: Alashban Yazeed , Shubayr Nasser , Al-Shehri Saad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the radiation effective doses for operators of nuclear moisture density gauges that are used in pavement construction in the road industry in Saudi Arabia from 2016 to 2019. The effective doses of 278 workers were estimated using thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD-700). The analysis of the dosimetry data revealed that the mean annual effective dose for all workers averaged over the study period was 0.80 mSv, which falls below the recommended dose limits. About 68% of the pavement construction workers received annual effective doses of &lt;1 mSv. All annual effective doses were below the recommended dose limits. While the annual effective mean dose of pavement construction workers in Saudi Arabia is not high, radiation protection in the country still needs to be further improved to protect such workers and to keep their annual radiation dose as low as reasonably achievable.
Chiefs and Rural Health Services in South-Western Nigeria, c. 1920—c. 1950s
Authors: Adetiba Adedamola , Msindo Enocent 
Published: October 2021

Summary
This article examines the role of African chiefs in the administration of colonial medicine in rural south-western Nigeria, emphasising the adaptive ways they navigated a difficult position between colonial medical authorities and indigenous medical legitimacy. Whereas colonial authorities expected chiefs to enforce medical policies and to encourage their subjects to use medical facilities, Africans wanted chiefs to defend and promote Yoruba medical and religious practices that colonial authorities and missionaries usually undermined. By supporting established African healing systems, chiefs stood to gain political mileage and favour with traditional healers. Furthermore, we argue that although African chiefs cooperated with the government in implementing health policies, they had a difficult relationship with sanitary inspectors who enforced sanitary regulations in ways that bred resentment. In the 1940s, Yoruba chiefs advocated for more rural health services, perhaps to pacify the rising nationalist movement that would have made them irrelevant had they not cooperated.
The Pattern of Vitamin D Levels in Children 0–4 Years of Age in Yunnan Province
Authors: Wu Yuqin , Yang Yanfei , Xiao Xiao , Wang Lin , Yin Zheng , Li Yangfang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that regulates the activity of calcium and bone hormones throughout life; however, vitamin D levels in children, which is the most crucial period during human development, has not been established.

Methods
As the first descriptive study of serum vitamin D levels in children in Yunnan Province, we determined the serum vitamin D levels in children 0‒4 years of age who underwent physical examinations at Kunming Children's Hospital, and the association between the serum vitamin D level and the calcium, phosphorus and alkaline levels.

Results
Vitamin D levels in children were highest in the summer months and lowest in the winter months. Vitamin D deficiency was more common in girls than boys. A social-economic effect was shown, as evidenced by the significantly higher serum vitamin D levels in children from the top five cities compared with the lower-ranked cities. Moreover, we also demonstrated a significant correlation between vitamin D and serum calcium levels.

Conclusion
Our study suggested that sex and age affected the vitamin D levels of children, and a reasonable reference range in children 0–4 years of age in Yunnan Province was determined.
1New Materialisms
Authors: Diener Samuel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis review of new work in the new materialisms in 2020 picks up a thread of inquiry outlined in the previous year: how to understand how human persons may live, act, and find political efficacy in a relational and intertangled material world. Each of the monographs reviewed offers a different approach to understanding how persons find agency from within the intertanglements of things. Along the way, they address questions of embodiment, of race and of gender, of the materiality of language, of the role of the imagination, of the philosophy of history, and of critical method. Following the introduction, the first three sections are 1. Lo! A Shape!; 2. Militant Vegetables; and 3. Blackness and Plasticity. Each of these offers a distinct account of human ontology, accounting both for the ways the self is moved by its world and the ways it acts within it. The last three sections are: 4. Strange Words, Strange Matter; 5. Disappearing Things; and 6. Four Degrees of History. Each of these considers a monograph which synthesizes new materialist theory with frameworks from related fields in order to offer new perspectives on human action, freedom, or thought.
An update on practice guidelines for primary care treatment of pediatric migraine
Authors: Rosenblum Ruth K. , Manion Amy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
Headaches are a frequent reason for children and adolescents to seek healthcare, and such visits include pediatric ED visits. Headache-related school absences can affect academic performance. Diagnosing and treating headaches in this population can be challenging for the primary care NP. This article reviews recent management and treatment guidelines.
A Modified Delphi Process to Prioritize Experiences and Guidance Related to ICU Restricted Visitation Policies During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Fiest Kirsten M. , Krewulak Karla D. , Makuk Kira , Jaworska Natalia , Hernández Laura , Bagshaw Sean M. , Burns Karen E. , Cook Deborah J. , Doig Christopher J. , Fox-Robichaud Alison , Fowler Robert A. , Kho Michelle E. , Parhar Ken Kuljit S. , Rewa Oleksa G. , Rochwerg Bram , Sept Bonnie G. , Soo Andrea , Spence Sean , West Andrew , Stelfox Henry T. , Parsons Leigh Jeanna 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To create evidence-based consensus statements for restricted ICU visitation policies to support critically ill patients, families, and healthcare professionals during current and future pandemics.

DESIGN:
Three rounds of a remote modified Delphi consensus process.

SETTING:
Online survey and virtual polling from February 2, 2021, to April 8, 2021.

SUBJECTS:
Stakeholders (patients, families, clinicians, researchers, allied health professionals, decision-makers) admitted to or working in Canadian ICUs during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
During Round 1, key stakeholders used a 9-point Likert scale to rate experiences (1—not significant, 9—significant impact on patients, families, healthcare professionals, or patient- and family-centered care) and strategies (1—not essential, 9—essential recommendation for inclusion in the development of restricted visitation policies) and used a free-text box to capture experiences/strategies we may have missed. Consensus was achieved if the median score was 7–9 or 1–3. During Round 2, participants used a 9-point Likert scale to re-rate experiences/strategies that did not meet consensus during Round 1 (median score of 4–6) and rate new items identified in Round 1. During Rounds 2 and 3, participants ranked items that reached consensus by order of importance (relative to other related items and experiences) using a weighted ranking system (0–100 points). Participants prioritized 11 experiences (e.g., variability of family’s comfort with technology, healthcare professional moral distress) and developed 21 consensus statements (e.g., communicate policy changes to the hospital staff before the public, permit visitors at end-of-life regardless of coronavirus disease 2019 status, creating a clear definition for end-of-life) regarding restricted visitation policies.

CONCLUSIONS:
We have formulated evidence-informed consensus statements regarding restricted visitation policies informed by diverse stakeholders, which could enhance patient- and family-centered care during a pandemic.