bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Cyperus rotundus extract against cryptosporidiosis and toxoplasmosis in murine infections
Authors: Fahmy Azza M. , Alshenawy Amal M. , El-Wakil Eman A. , Hegab Amany M. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Apicomplexa is a phylum of single-celled, obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that are among the most common morbidity-causing diseases worldwide. This phylum contains a variety of intestinal protozoa of medicinal and veterinary interest, such as Cryptosporidium and Toxoplasma. These parasites can be acquired orally, before infecting or infiltrating the intestinal epithelium. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is the only FDA-approved medicinal therapy currently in use. The conventional pharmacological therapies for toxoplasmosis include pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine; nevertheless, they have major limitations. The use of medicinal plants for treatment and to reduce dependence on chemical drugs has become an important goal for therapeutic research.

Objective
Intending to develop alternative therapeutic options to address these health problems, we examined the efficacy of an ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus, which has been demonstrated to have antiparasitic and hepatoprotective effects against Cryptosporidium and Toxoplasma in mice, with the goal of developing alternative therapeutic options to treat these health problems.

Materials and methods
A total sample of 72 male mice was used for the experiment, the animals were separated into two groups of 36 mice each: the first group was used to examine the activity of ethanol extract of C. rotundus against Cryptosporidium, and the second group was used to examine its activity against Toxoplasma. Each experimental model was divided into six subgroups of six mice each: the first group was noninfected nontreated, the second infected nontreated, third infected and treated with the standard drug, fourth and fifth infected and treated with C. rotundus at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight, respectively, and the sixth infected and received a combination of half doses of both drugs [C. rotundus (250 mg/kg/day) and half dose of the standard drug (NTZ or Spiramycin)]. The parasitological parameters and reduced glutathione, super oxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels in the liver homogenates were used to determine the infections and medication impacts.

Results and conclusion
The results showed a promising finding that ethanol Egyptian herbal extract of C. rotundus and its combination with the standard drugs NTZ and Spiramycin have a promising antiparasitic and hepatoprotective activity against murine cryptosporidiosis and toxoplasmosis, respectively. The combined therapies resulted in the highest effectiveness of standard medications.
Case Report: A Human Case of Onchocerca lupi Mimicking Nodular Scleritis
Authors: Hasanreisoglu Murat , Halim Muhammad Sohail , Latrofa Maria Stefania , Mendoza-Roldan Jairo Alfonso , Ogut Betull , Yilmaz Mervenur , Tefon Aribas Atike Burcin , Caglar Kayhan , Gonul Ipek Isik , Dogruman-Al Funda , Nguyen Quan Dong , Otranto Domenico 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT.
We report a case of human ocular onchocerciasis by zoonotic Onchocerca lupi presenting as nodular scleritis. Molecular analyses were used to confirm diagnosis at species level. In addition to few existing reports of human infection by O. lupi in Turkey, this case further suggests that the pathogen might be more common than previously reported, thus requiring further attention and investigations.
The Transformative Methodology: Expository Study of Teaching English as the Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Moloi Jacob Tshepang , Adegoriolu Emmanuel Tobi 
Published: September 2021

The significance of language as a science in the educational sector has continued to play a critical role in terms of teaching and learning. However, due to inequalities exposed severely by the Covid-19 pandemic, the teaching of English as the second language acquisition to foreign speakers; is adversely affected. Therefore, the use of transformative methodology as the teaching strategy is explored to determine the most suitable methodology of teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study utilizes Participatory Action Research as the approach to explore the efficacy of transformative methodology; this approach is embedded in the paradigmatic principles of constructivism as the lens of qualitative methodology. Besides, the data is analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis post the generation of it using observations and semi-structured interviews (free attitudinal interviews). The paper demonstrates the prospects of using transformative methodology as the appropriate use of pedagogical strategy for English as the second language acquisition, it also suggests efficient but costly measures required to be implemented by the universities for the use of the transformative methodology.
Mobilidade assistida em ambientes fechados: infraestrutura híbrida de Beacons BLE e lâmpadas de LED inteligentes
Authors: Menegotto José Luis 
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de localização para ambientes fechados que utiliza uma infraestrutura híbrida máquina a máquina (M2M) definida pela combinação de dispositivos equipados com Bluetooth 4.0 de baixa energia. No projeto são integrados beacons autônomos e lâmpadas de LED inteligentes Bluetooth 4.0. O principal problema é configuração de uma malha de dispositivos IoT heterogêneos que seja formalmente congruente com a distribuição arquitetônica dos espaços. Os beacons foram escolhidos para definir a localização e o rastreamento dos recursos físicos existentes em um edifício (pessoas e objetos), enquanto as lâmpadas de LED são usadas para definir o zoneamento fixo do edifício. O endereço MAC dos dispositivos é utilizado como chave comum de identificação espacial para mapear as salas e os recursos da construção. No artigo são detalhados os princípios técnicos do sistema de localização, programado em C# dentro do ambiente de desenvolvimento Xamarin para dispositivos Android e os pressupostos teóricos de um serviço de mobilidade assistida por orientação musical, na qual se combinam questões de natureza espacial e temporal. O sistema é projetado principalmente para pessoas que sofrem de alguma forma de deficiência visual. Resultados e problemas a serem resolvidos são destacados no final do artigo.
Atuação da FIRJAN SENAI em apoio à difusão e capacitação BIM no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Magalhães Cristiane Ramos 
Published: September 2021

A adoção da Plataforma BIM (Building Information Modeling) trouxe muitas oportunidades para a cadeia de produtiva da Indústria da Construção Civil. Com base em um estudo prospectivo iniciado em 2012, a Firjan (Federação da Indústrias do Rio de Janeiro) delineou seu posicionamento estratégico, tendo o BIM como uma de suas áreas de foco. A partir disso, em 2015, foi iniciada a primeira fase de implementação do Planejamento de Execução BIM Educacional, atendendo às habilidades básicas da formação (SUCCAR, 2012). A segunda fase, prevista para 2019, pretende explorar mais capacidades, alcançando competências intermediárias (SUCCAR, 2012) e a fase de colaboração (SUCCAR, 2008). O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir e avaliar as ações realizadas até o momento e tem como objetivo principal apresentar a segunda fase desta atuação. As estratégias e fases estão em linha com a inauguração do Retrofit da Escola Firjan SENAI especializada em Construção Civil, com previsão de início de operação em 2020, com foco em digitalização e Métodos Modernos de Construção. Este artigo é parte do desenvolvimento de uma tese de doutorado, que tem como enfoque a análise crítica da adoção de BIM no Brasil.
Escuela y conflicto cultural. Reflexiones sobre el papel de la escuela en Tlahuitoltepec, Mixe, Oaxaca
Authors: Reyes Sambria Saúl 
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta resultados parciales de un estudio interesado en conocer las formas simbólicas de la comunidad de Santa María Tlahuitoltepec, Mixe, en el estado de Oaxaca. Un conjunto de conversaciones realizadas en diferentes años con profesores de primaria y preescolar de la comunidad, sirven de base para analizar el papel de la escuela en la comunidad de estudio. En los diálogos transcritos está presente el conflicto que representa la institución escolar, en tanto elemento transformador de cambio y formación educativa, pero también de ruptura cultural. El paradigma interpretativo permite esclarecer una dinámica escuela local-federal, que combina diferentes horizontes de cultura.
Abstract
This article presents partial results of a study interested in knowing the symbolic forms of the community of Santa Maria Tlahuitoltepec, Mixe, in the state of Oaxaca. A series of conversations conducted in different years with primary and preschool teachers in the community serve as a basis for analyzing the role of the school in the study community. In the transcribed dialogues is present the conflict that represents the school institution, as a transformative element of change and educational formation, but also of cultural rupture. The interpretative paradigm makes it possible to clarify a dynamic local-federal school, which combines different cultural horizons
A Study of the Extragalactic UV Radiation in Helix Nebula using GALEX
Authors: BOSE Lakshmi S 
Published: September 2021

We have studied the ultraviolet sources using Galaxy Evolution Explorer medium imaging surveys in Helix Nebula and estimated UV fluxes by using aperture photometry in distant and near ultraviolet bands. The aperture photometric method produces reliable, accurate flux measurements and found inconsistent with the merged catalog of Galaxy Evolution Explorer. From the current results, the fluxes are consistent with brighter absolute magnitude up to 24.5 and the measurement error increases gradually to more than 50 % at the fainter magnitude side. Percentage of error in far UV is greater than near UV, due to the fact that brighter galaxies are more visible than the near UV sources. The diffuse UV contributors of zodiacal light, airglow contribution in the nebula were estimated. The total extragalactic UV radiation from the detected sources to the diffuse background in the nebula is of the order of 50 ± 14 photons cm-2sr-1s-1Å-1 in NUV band and 28 ±10 photons cm-2sr-1s-1Å-1 in FUV band.
HIGHLIGHTS

GALEX observations have the potential to find extragalactic UV sources
Helix Nebula is first identified for distinct source detection
Aperture photometric method can detect fainter sources up to the magnitude of 27
Extragalactic sources in the Helix nebula contribute to diffuse UV emission in the nebula

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Experimental Investigation of Process Parameters of Al-SiC-B4C MMCs Finished by a Novel Magnetic Abrasive Flow Machining Setup
Authors: CHAWLA Gagandeep , MITTAL Vinod Kumar , MITTAL Sushil 
Published: September 2021

Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is one of the non-conventional finishing processes used to attain good surface quality and high material removal. However, limited attempts have been made to improve the performance of these processes. This paper presents a novel magnetic abrasive flow machining (MAFM) setup fabricated by adding a magnetization effect in which a nylon fixture and permanent magnets are replaced by a newly fabricated aluminium fixture and coil-type magnets, respectively. Inner cylindrical surfaces of hybrid Al/SiC/B4C metal matrix composites (MMCs) are finished by the MAFM process. One variable at a time (OVAT) approach is used for studying the effect of 6 input parameters, extrusion pressure (Ep), the number of cycles (N), abrasives concentration (C), workpiece material (Wp), abrasive mesh size (M), and magnetic flux density (Mf) upon response parameters, material removal rate (MRR) and change in surface roughness (ΔRa). The experimental results obtained for MRR and ΔRa show a significant improvement from 3.92 to 7.68 μg/s and 0.49 to 0.74 μm, respectively due to the increase of the extrusion pressure from 1 to 9 Mpa. The MRR and ΔRa was reduced from 6.89 to 6.78 μg/s and 0.46 to 0.22 μm, respectively with an increase in mesh number of abrasives from 80 to 400. The variation in concentration of abrasives from 40 to 60 % shows an improvement in MRR from 4.51 to 6.42 μg/s; whereas, there is a negligible effect on ΔRa which comes out from 3.82 to 3.86 μm. The MMCs, which are used for the experimentation shows a decline in MRR and ΔRa from 5.12 to 3.85 μg/s and 0.77 to 0.42 μm, respectively. This happened because there was a percentage change of reinforcement of SiC from 9 to 7 % and B4C from 1 to 3 % in Al-6063. An increase in the number of cycles from 50 to 250 shows a significant improvement in both MRR and ΔRa from 1.79 to 3.75 μg/s and 0.97 to 1.86 μm, respectively. Variation in magnetic effect also significantly improves MRR and ΔRa from 1.35 to 3.17 μg/s and 0.38 to 1.06 μm, respectively, when it is varied from 0.15 - 0.45 Tesla. The work carried out shows an overall significant improvement in MRR and ΔRa by using the MAFM process. The MAFM process finds a wide range of applications in finishing like surgical instruments, mechanical components, aerospace industry, electronics industry, etc.
HIGHLIGHTS

The hybrid MMCs (Al/SiC/B4C) are finished by novel MAFM setup
An aluminium fixture and coil-type magnets play a significant role for finishing the workpiece surfaces
An abrasive laden media acts as a cutting tool in the finishing process
The OVAT approach is used for investigating the parametric effect
The extrusion pressure, number of cycles and magnetic flux density are the significant parameters affecting the MRR and ΔRa

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Transcriptomic profile of leg muscle during early growth and development in Haiyang yellow chicken
Authors: Yin Xuemei , Wu Yulin , Zhang Shanshan , Zhang Tao , Zhang Genxi , Wang Jinyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Skeletal muscle growth and development from embryo to adult consists of a series of carefully regulated changes in gene expression. This study aimed to identify candidate genes involved in chicken growth and development and to investigate the potential regulatory mechanisms of early growth in Haiyang yellow chicken. RNA sequencing was used to compare the transcriptomes of chicken muscle tissues at four developmental stages. In total, 6150 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|fold change| ≥ 2; false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05) were detected by pairwise comparison in female chickens. Functional analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in the processes of muscle growth and development and cell differentiation. Many of the DEGs, such as MSTN, MYOD1, MYF6, MYF5, and IGF1, were related to chicken growth and development. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in four pathways related to growth and development: extracellular matrix (ECM)–receptor interaction, focal adhesion, tight junction, and insulin signalling pathways. A total of 42 DEGs assigned to these pathways are potential candidate genes for inducing the differences in growth among the four development stages, such as MYH1A, EGF, MYLK2, MYLK4, and LAMB3. This study identified a range of genes and several pathways that may be involved in regulating early growth.
Technical note: Introduction of a superconducting gravimeter as novel hydrological sensor for the Alpine research catchment Zugspitze
Authors: Voigt Christian , Schulz Karsten , Koch Franziska , Wetzel Karl-Friedrich , Timmen Ludger , Rehm Till , Pflug Hartmut , Stolarczuk Nico , Förste Christoph , Flechtner Frank 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. GFZ (German Research Centre for Geosciences) set up the Zugspitze Geodynamic Observatory Germany with a worldwide unique installation of a superconducting gravimeter at the summit of Mount Zugspitze on top of the Partnach spring catchment. This high alpine catchment is well instrumented, acts as natural lysimeter and has significant importance for water supply to its forelands, with a large mean annual precipitation of 2080 mm and a long seasonal snow cover period of 9 months, while showing a high sensitivity to climate change. However, regarding the majority of alpine regions worldwide, there is only limited knowledge on temporal water storage variations due to sparsely distributed hydrological and meteorological sensors and the large variability and complexity of signals in alpine terrain. This underlines the importance of well-equipped areas such as Mount Zugspitze serving as natural test laboratories for improved monitoring, understanding and prediction of alpine hydrological processes. The observatory superconducting gravimeter, OSG 052, supplements the existing sensor network as a novel hydrological sensor system for the direct observation of the integral gravity effect of total water storage variations in the alpine research catchment at Zugspitze. Besides the experimental set-up and the available data sets, the gravimetric methods and gravity residuals are presented based on the first 27 months of observations from 29 December 2018 to 31 March 2021. The snowpack is identified as being a primary contributor to seasonal water storage variations and, thus, to the gravity residuals with a signal range of up to 750 nm s−2 corresponding to 1957 mm snow water equivalent measured with a snow scale at an altitude of 2420 m at the end of May 2019. Hydro-gravimetric sensitivity analysis reveal a snow–gravimetric footprint of up to 4 km distance around the gravimeter, with a dominant gravity contribution from the snowpack in the Partnach spring catchment. This shows that the hydro-gravimetric approach delivers representative integral insights into the water balance of this high alpine site.
KARAKTERISTIK WISATAWAN YANG MENGINAP DI HOMESTAY DAN PERSEPSI WISATAWAN MENGENAI UBUD SEBAGAI DESTINASI WISATA
Authors: Pinaria Chintia , Kalpikawati Ida Ayu , Febrianto I Gusti Agung 
Published: September 2021

Ubud merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata dunia yang terdapat di Kabupaten Gianyar Bali. Ubud memiliki daya tarik seni dan budaya yang terjaga dengan baik. Jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke Ubud terus meningkat setiap tahun dan berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan jumlah akomodasi homestay. Selain perkembangan jumlah wisatawan dan homestay, hal lain yang menarik untuk dicermati mengenai Ubud sebagai destinasi wisata adalah berita-berita mengenai kemacetan dan infrastruktur yang rusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik wisatawan yang menginap di homestay di Ubud dan persepsi wisatawan mengenai Ubud sebagai destinasi wisata. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah wisatawatan yang menginap di homestay sebanyak 319 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik wisatawan yang menginap di homestay di Ubud berdasarkan kewarganegaraan paling banyak adalah wisatawan asal German, pendidikan tertinggi adalah post graduate, pekerjaan terbanyak adalah professional, usia paling banyak antara 21-30 tahun, berdasarkan jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki. Sebanyak 45% responden baru pertama kali berkunjung ke Ubud dan 69% responden baru pertama kali menginap di homestay tersebut. Persepsi wisatawan mengenai Ubud sebagai destinasi wisata adalah jalan di Ubud dapat dilalui dengan lancar mendapatkan penilaian tidak baik. Kondisi trotoar di Ubud nyaman untuk digunakan, lahan parkir di Ubud mencukupi kebutuhan dan sampah telah dikelola dengan baik mendapat penilaian cukup baik.
Emprendimiento, resistencia y pertenencia al campo en Guelavia, Oaxaca.
Authors: Hernández Pérez Kevin Osnar , Gómez Velasco Alejandra , Jarquín Santiago Alondra Monserrat , Meneses Benitez Kariana Grecia 
Published: September 2021

El cultivo de la tierra como medio de subsistencia principal cubre parte de las necesidades de consumo de las Unidades Económicas Campesinas (UEC), pero se apoya en otras actividades, como es el caso que se describe en este trabajo. La UEC que representa la familia Baltazar se formaliza en función de la educación de sus hijos, además de satisfacer necesidades y abastecimiento familiar, como comida, vestido y salud dentro del núcleo. Igualmente, realizar actividades como la producción del maguey, ganadera y avícola, así como la venta y engordamiento de porcinos, bovinos y gallinas representa un ahorro, ya que garantiza el proceso continuo de apoyo familiar en la producción campesina.
Este trabajo se desarrolló en tres etapas: la primera consistió en revisar las corrientes teóricas acerca del campesinado —específicamente los conceptos de Chayanov (1974)—, la segunda en la práctica de campo realizada en enero de 2018 y la tercera analizar los problemas contemporáneos del campo, haciendo el contraste con la información de las dos etapas anteriores.
Difference in the Characteristics of Imposter Syndrome in Dental Students of Preclinical and Clinical Phase
Authors: Khan Munsara Khalid , Khan Khalid Rahim 
Published: September 2021

Background: People suffering from imposter syndrome despite being competent consider themselves less skillful and incapable. Such individuals are also more prone to regret their choice of career with consequent early drop out, experience burnout, more prone to medical errors, absenteeism and low job satisfaction. The current study aims to determine the difference in the characteristics of imposter syndrome in dental students of preclinical and clinical phase and its gender predisposition.
Objectives: 1. To find out the frequency and characteristics of imposter syndrome among dental students. 2. To evaluate the differences in the characteristics of imposter syndrome among dental students of preclinical and clinical year. 3. To determine gender predisposition of imposter syndrome among dental students.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 dental students of CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College. A validated questionnaire (Clance IP Scale) containing 20 items with 5-point Likert scale was used to collect data by convenient sampling technique. The characteristics of IP were determined by adding the scores of all items. Descriptive statistics were done, chi-square applied, p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: One hundred and thirty-eight students filled the IP Scale. The frequency of imposter syndrome is found to be 52.1% among Dental Students. Majority (72) of the dental students have frequent to intense imposter feelings. There is non-significant difference in the IP characteristics of male and female students. No significant difference in the characteristics of imposter syndrome is found between dental students of preclinical and clinical year.
Conclusions: There frequency of imposter syndrome is high among Dental students. Non-significant difference in the IP characteristics is found between male and female students as well as students of preclinical and clinical year.