bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proliferation of Fibroblast-like Cells on Failing Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Wolter J Reimer , Felt Douglas P 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
The process of reactivation and multifocal proliferation of fibroblast-like cells near giant cells on the surface of a well-developed cellular membrane covering a Choyce anterior chamber lens implant is described histologically in an eye that had a good surgical result at first and later developed bullous keratopathy, corneal ulceration, and final rupture three years following surgery. This is compared with another eye with a late stage of scarformation surrounding a Choyce implant two and a half years after implantation with severe complications. Details of lens implant cytology are demonstrated and discussed.
A Mask Strip to Prevent Fogging of Glasses at Surgery
Authors: Nevyas Herbert J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A device to prevent the surgeon's eyeglasses and instrument eyepieces from fogging is described. It consists of a double adhesive-faced tape strip that is placed along the upper border of the surgical mask so that it adheres to the mask and to the face, preventing the upward passage of moist air.
Granular Cell Tumor of the Orbit: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Karcioglu Zeynel A , Hemphill Gregory L , Wool Brandon M 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
This is a case report of orbital granular cell tumor in a 65-year-old female who came to our attention with progressive medial displacement of her right eye for the past two years. Clinical, radiologic, histologic, and ultrastructural features of the tumor are described and a review of 18 previously reported cases is given.
Foreign Body Reaction to Firm Nuclear Lens Substance
Authors: Wolter J Reimer 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Epithelioid and giant cells were covering the surface of a free-floating brunescent nucleus of a lens that was left in the posterior chamber for two years after extracapsular cataract surgery. This is used asan example to show that the anterior eye has the ability to react to free-floating material in its fluids with a simple foreign body reaction.
Macular Edema in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: Types and Treatment
Authors: Jalkh Alex E , Trempe Clement L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In this study of branch retinal vein occlusion, we distinguished between cystoid macular edema caused by increased capillary pressure and noncystoid edema due to hard exudates in the macula caused by chronic leakage from vascular abnormalities in the posterior pole or midperiphery. We performed laser photocoagulation in 51 eyes with cystoid macular edema to achieve focal narrowing of the retinal arterioles perfusing the macular area affected by the cystoid edema; good anatomic and functional results were achieved in 40 of these eyes (78%). In 25 of the five eyes, the treated segment of the retinal arteriole was outside the area of macular edema; results were successful in 19 of these eyes (76%). In 14 eyes with noncystoid exudative macular edema, we performed laser photocoagulation to the vascular abnormalities; good anatomic and functional results were obtained in 12 of these (86%).
Newton Rings on the Surface of Implanted Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Okada Kiyoshi , Sagawa Hiroaki 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Using clinical specular microscopy, we studied a postoperative cellular reaction on the anterior surface of implanted artificial intraocular lenses in living human eyes. An amorphous coating filled the spaces between fibroblast-like cells, histiocytes, and foreign body giant cells in 29 of 118 eyes. In most cases the coating was observed as interference fringes (Newton rings). We observed the rings from seven to 63 days after surgery. Clinically, the patients did not show any visual disturbance at the time of these observations. With time, fibroblast-like cells decreased in number. By two months after surgery, most of the cells on the implants had already disappeared.
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Associated With Optic Nerve Drusen: A Case Report
Authors: Richmond Preston P , Orth David H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Proliferative retinopathy secondary to a branch vein occlusion developed in an otherwise healthy 24-year-old woman who also had optic nerve drusen. Since the patient sustained a preretinal hemorrhage, quadrantic photocoagulation was applied to the nonperfused quadrant of the retina involved in the occlusion. This case illustrates that compression of a branch retinal vein is another potential complication of optic nerve drusen.
Quantification of Progressive Diabetic Macular Nonperfusion
Authors: Goldberg Richard E , Varma Rohit , Spaeth George L , Magargal Larry E , Callen Deanna 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We used the IS-2000 Image Analyzer to estimate the extent of progressive diabetic macular nonperf usion in a patient by means of an automatic clustering algorithm applied to digitized fluorescein angiograms of the patient's macula taken over time. This method may provide an objective and reproducible quantification of progressive macular nonperfusion.
Distention of the Lacrimal Sac in Neonates
Authors: Boynton James R , Drucker David N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present seven cases of neonatal lacrimal sac distention, ranging from sterile dacryocystocele, subacute dacryocystitis, and acute dacryocystitis. Three patients were cured by probing, one by digital pressure decompression, and two by silicone tube intubation.
Therapeutic Ultrasound For Refractory Glaucoma: A Three-Center Study
Authors: Maskin Steven L , Mandell Alan I , Smith Jess A , Wood Robert C , Terry Stuart A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the results of therapeutic ultrasound for refractory glaucoma in a three-center study over 1 year. One hundred fifty-eight eyes were treated, with a mean follow-up of 8.0 months. The mean fall in intraocular pressure was 38.4%. Life table analysis for three success criteria are presented. Success varied between 66% and 72% at the mean follow-up time. Complications occurred in 11.4%, including phthisis bulbi in 0.6% and persistent hypotony in 2.5%. There was a mean loss of less than one line of visual acuity. Therapeutic ultrasound appears to be safe and effective for treatment of refractory glaucoma.
Gore-Tex™ Soft Tissue Bands as Scleral Explants in Rabbits: A Preliminary Histologic Study
Authors: Tawakol Magdy E , Peyman Gholam A , Liu Kwan-Rong , Kaufman Herbert E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Gore-Tex™ (polytetrafluoroethylene) grafts have been used in a variety of surgical procedures, particularly vascular, plastic, and reconstructive surgery. As suggested by previous animal studies, Gore-Tex™ soft tissue patches (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) may have application in ocular surgery for scleral buckling and support procedures. We buckled the scleras of 14 rabbit eyes using strips of polytetrafluoroethylene soft tissue patches and monitored ocular tissue reaction and histologic changes in response to this material.
Posterior Synechiae in Intercapsular Cataract Surgery
Authors: Raines M F , Corridan P , O'Neill E C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Sixty-eight patients (76 eyes) who had undergone standard intercapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation were reviewed for the presence of posterior synechiae between the anterior capsule remnants and the iris. Thirty-five eyes (46%) had such synechiae, the characteristics of which are described. Risk factors for the development of posterior synechiae in this type of surgery include intraoperative trauma, postoperative inflammation, and the size of the anterior capsulectomy.
The Importance of Intraocular Lens Inspection Prior to Implantation
Authors: Cameron J Douglas , Lane Stephen S , Lindstrom Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Open-loop, posterior chamber intraocular lenses were obtained from existing inventories of regional hospitals and surveyed for functional (optical) and structural defects. The majority of lenses (90%) were acceptable by industry optical grade standards. Most of the lenses (90%) varied by at least 0.5 diopter from the power stated on the packaging. Two lenses did not meet optical resolution standards. Most of the lenses (80%) had some surface or loop surface abnormality as judged by scanning electron microscopy. Four of the lenses had surface protrusions or burrs, either at the tip of the loop or at the lens-optic junction. These more serious defects could be seen easily at magnifications of the operating microscope. The lenses with serious structural defects tended to be the same as those lenses with functional (optical) defects. This study demonstrates the usefulness of careful intraoperative examination using the operating microscope prior to intraocular lens implantation to detect manufacturing defects which continue to exist in currently manufactured lenses. Lens inspection should be directed to the ends of the loops, the loop-optic junction, and the internal surface of the positioning holes.
Intractable Orbicularis Myokymia: Treatment Alternatives
Authors: Jordan David R , L Anderson Richard , Thiese Steven M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Orbicularis myokymia frequently occurs in young, otherwise healthy individuals. The intermittent muscle fasciculations are transient and generally disappear with time. If the myokymia is persistent or progressive, neurologic assessment and investigation may be necessary. Muscle relaxants, botulinum-A toxin, and surgical myectomy are methods of treatment that only occasionally need to be considered. We present limited orbicularis myectomy and botulinum-A toxin injections as efficacious treatments in five selected intractable cases of orbicularis myokymia.
Photocoagulation of Chorioretinal Anastomoses in Far-Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Cialdini Arnaldo P , Jalkh Alex E , Trempe Clement L , Weiter John J , Nasrallah Fadi P , Roodhooft Jan M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In age-related macular degeneration, communication between the retinal and choroidal circulations occurs spontaneously or following unsuccessful laser photocoagulation of subretinal new vessels. The resulting chorioretinal anastomotic complex, which includes the subretinal new vessels and their feeder retinal vessels, usually shows marked exudation and produces an extensive serous detachment of the neurosensory retina in the posterior pole, often associated with hard exudates. Eleven eyes with chorioretinal anastomotic complexes were treated using the monochromatic green argon laser Adequate closure of the chorioretinal anastomotic complexes by photocoagulation resulted in retinal flattening in the posterior pole with resolution of the hard exudates and improvement of vision in eight of the 11 treated eyes.
Low-Dose 5-Fluorouracil and Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
Authors: Rabowsky Jeffrey H , Ruderman Jon M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We show that a 40-mg total dose of subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil after glaucoma filtering surgery can provide a success rate comparable to that demonstrated in prior studies employing a higher dose. Sixty-four eyes with poor prognoses underwent filtering surgery with postoperative subconjunctival injections of 5 mg of 5-fluorouracil daily for seven days followed by one injection 1 week later. In 75% percent of the eyes intraocular pressure stabilized at 21 mm Hg or less regardless of medications used. The majority of failures occurred within 6 months of treatment. Postoperative corneal epithelial defects occurred in 30% of the cases, conjunctival wound leaks in 6.3%. A 40-mg dose of subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil appears to be effective and may be associated with a lower incidence of postoperative complications than higher doses.
Needlestick Injuries in Ophthalmology
Authors: Mansour Ahmad M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Because serious nosocomial diseases can be transmitted by needlestick injuries, a retrospective review of needlestick injuries was conducted for a period of 2.5 years at a major university teaching hospital. The objective was to determine the needlestick injury rate among employees of the Department of Ophthalmology versus the other departments. Ophthalmologists had the highest incidence per person of needle injuries among physicians. Retina and strabismus surgeons were at higher risk than anterior segment surgeons.
Use of Neodymium: YAG Laser to Open an Occluded Molteno Tube
Authors: Fiore Philip M , Melamed Shlomo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A patient with refractory glaucoma secondary to trauma and repeat penetrating keratoplasty had Molteno implant surgery to control elevated intraocular pressure. Six weeks after surgery intraocular pressure rose abruptly, and a fibrinous membrane was seen covering and occluding the tip of the Molteno tube. The Q-switched neodymium (Nd): YAG laser was used successfully to open the membrane, with subsequent renewal of aqueous flow and control of intraocular pressure. Bevel-up cutting of the tube tip facilitates Nd: YAG laser opening of such an obstruction. We describe this use of the Nd: YAG laser and recommend bevel-up trimming of implant tubes in aqueous implant surgery.
Deep Sclerectomy With Trabeculotomy Ab Externo: One-Stage Procedure (DS 1)
Authors: Hara Tsutomu , Hara Takako 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Our new full-thickness filtering procedure was performed on 20 eyes with narrow-angle glaucomas (15 patients, mean age 69±12 years) with high intraocular pressure (K)P) despite initial peripheral iridectomy. This procedure was intended to maintain anterior chamber depth completely during intraoperative and postoperative periods. Under conjunctival and thin scleral flaps, the deep (4x1.5 mm) scleral block containing the outer wall of Schlemm's canal was removed. After closing the scleral flap with eight interrupted sutures and the conjunctival flap with a running suture, a 1-mm spatula was inserted beneath the scleral flap, and the trabeculum was punctured. The mean preoperative and final postoperative IOPs were 34.8±17.2 mm Hg and 14.9±4.9 mm Hg, respectively. Follow-up time was at least 12 months. Final postoperative IOP was less than 21 mm Hg without oral medication in 16 eyes (80.0%). The only complication was slight bleeding from the punctured trabeculum. This bleeding was completely absorbed within a week.
Communicating Intravitreal Cysticercosis
Authors: Kumar Atul , Verma Lalit , Khosla P K , Tewari H K , Jha S N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A viable intravitreal Cysticercus cellulosae communicating with subretinal space was identified in a 45year-old man. The cyst was removed in toto via the direct scleral approach without incident. To our knowledge this is the first report of intravitreal Cysticercus with subretinal extension removed successfully by the direct route. The role of careful ultrasonic scanning in cases of intravitreal cysticercosis is emphasized.
Improved Resolution of Specular Micrographs
Authors: Merin Lawrence M , Koch Douglas D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of specular photomicrography of the corneal endothelium is to depict fine cellular morphology and to determine total cell density. The use of silver-based photographic films to record the cells and generate enlarged paper prints yields the highest resolution currently possible. Previously, the quality of these prints was diminished when the highly resolved cell image was combined with the standardized grid used for quantification, since the sub-optimal quality of the grid's plastic substrate caused optical aberrations. We present a prototype device and a modified technique that enables the full resolution of the microscope to be represented on photographic prints and allows highly detailed views of the endothelial mosaic to be depicted with or without the standardized grid.
Dacryocystectomy for the Treatment of Dacryocystitis Patients With Wegener's Granulomatosis
Authors: Holds John B , Anderson Richard L , Wolin Mitchell J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We evaluated a woman with Wegener's granulomatosis who was experiencing recurrent dacryocystitis. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction had been present for many years and epiphora was not a significant concern. Our experience with the development of nasalcutaneous fistulas following dacryocystorhinostomy in several patients with Wegener's granulomatosis led us to perform a dacryocystectomy. The functional result was good, and there were no problems with wound healing. Dacryocystectomy should be considered as an alternative to dacryocystorhinostomy for dacryocystitis in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and similar disorders in whom epiphora is not a major complaint.
Nonabsorbable Suture Material in Corneoscleral Sections-A Comparison of Novafil and Nylon
Authors: McClellan Kathleen A , Knol Anita , Billson Frank A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We compared a newly available nonabsorbable monofilament ophthalmic suture, 9/0 Novafil (Davis & Geck), with 10/0 nylon (Alcon), currently the most popular suture for closure of corneoscleral sections. Surgery was performed on nine rats and ten rabbits. In each case a 120° corneoscleral section was made in each eye and closed with interrupted sutures of 9/0 Novafil in one eye and 10/0 nylon in the other. We compared their handling qualities during surgery, as well as their effect on postoperative wound inflammation. In addition we examined the suture material from each eye of the rats by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 3 months, and we compared the surgically induced astigmatism in the rabbits in the two suture groups. Both suture materials were easy to handle and well tolerated. Nylon sutures from six of the eight rat eyes studied showed SEM evidence of surface disintegration after 3 months, whereas all the Novafil sutures remained intact.
An Unusual Complication of Nasolacrimal Duct Probing
Authors: Yeatts R Patrick , Crum Bryan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 4-mm segment of the tip of a 0000 probe broke off inside the nasolacrimal duct of an 11-month-old girl during probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Despite numerous attempts, the tip could not be extracted. Examination of the 000 end of the double-ended probe showed a narrow neck approximately 4 mm from the bulbous tip. Choosing an appropriate probe design, inspecting the probe before use, and selecting the appropriate probe size will help prevent this unusual complication.
Treatment of Pterygium Using Thermal Cautery
Authors: Ling Richard Tak-Kam 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Reported therapies for primary pterygium have included surgical excision with or without adjunct radiation, antimitotic agents, and conjunctival transplants. The effectiveness of these strategies may be limited by recurrences, side effects of the treatment, or expensive and time-consuming procedures. We report the results of using thermal cautery to treat primary pterygium in three patients. In all cases the pterygia were successfully eliminated without recurrence.
Bandage Contact Lens Augmentation of 5-Fluorouracil Treatment in Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
Authors: Beckman Richard L , Sofinski Sandra J , Greff Linda J , Oates Dale C , Smith Thomas J , Simmons Richard J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The use of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to inhibit scarring following filtration surgery has been hampered by corneal epithelial defects and their accompanying inflammation. This toxicity, which occurs during the crucial period in which the risk of bleb failure is highest, has previously been a relative contraindication to further 5-FU use. We have found the early placement of a therapeutic bandage contact lens permits extended administration of 5-FU during this period, minimizing discomfort and inflammation as well as enhancing bleb survival.
Corneal Decompensation After Argon Laser Iridectomy-A Delayed Complication
Authors: Jeng Shyun , Lee Jiahn-Shing , Huang Samuel C M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report six eyes in six patients in which corneal decompensation developed 18 or more months after argon laser iridectomy (ALI). In addition to the level of laser energy used, other risk factors included performing ALI during an attack, diabetes, and a cornea damaged by glaucomatous attack. The interval between the ALI and corneal decompensation ranged from 18 months to 3 ½ years.
Tissue Plasminogen Activating Factor Assisted Removal of Subretinal Hemorrhage
Authors: Peyman Gholam A , Nelson Norman C , Alturki Walid , Blinder Kevin J , Paris Christopher L , Desai Uday R , Harper C Armitage 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We used tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to aid in the surgical evacuation of subretinal hemorrhages. Subretinal hemorrhage secondary to a ruptured retinal macroaneurysm was treated in two patients. The surgical technique involved using a micropipette to fashion a small retinotomy through which tPA was injected into the subretinal space and through which the dissolved clot was removed. Visual acuity improved from counts fingers to 20/50 in one patient and from counts fingers to 20/70 in the other. Three additional patients, with massive subretinal hemorrhages secondary to age-related macular degeneration, were similarly treated. In one, visual acuity improved from counts fingers to 20/400; in two others, visual acuity was stabilized; in the first patient, at 20/300, and in the second patient at 20/400. The use of tPA minimizes surgical manipulation of the sensory retina and greatly reduces the size of the retinotomy required for evacuation of subretinal blood.
Sclera-Directed Knot Technique for Securing an Encircling Band in Retinal Surgery
Authors: Bartov Elisha , Ginsburg Leonard H , Ashkenazi Isaac , Treister Giora 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The protruding ends of sutures used to secure the ends of the silicone rubber band placed during many retinal surgical procedures may cause postsurgical irritation, since with presently used suturing techniques, the knot of the suture remains on top of the band, facing the conjunctiva. We describe a suturing technique which, by inverting the band when suturing its ends and then allowing the band to return to its original position, places the knot on the undersurface of the band, against the sclera. Thus, no protruding suture ends are left facing the conjunctiva and the irritation resulting from such a protrusion is averted.
A New Technique of Local Anesthesia for Panretinal Photocoagulation
Authors: Friedberg Mark A , Palmer Richard M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a technique of local anesthetic administration used in 26 consecutive patients undergoing panretinal photocoagulation. A blunt-tipped irrigating cannula delivered 3 cc of anesthetic into the posterior sub-Tenon's space through a small opening in conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule. Immediate anesthesia, with no serious complications, was obtained in 38 of 40 eyes, facilitating administration of rapid, high-intensity laser burns. Although our experience with it is limited, we believe that this technique allows avoidance of many of the potential complications associated with the passage of a needle into the retrobulbar space.