bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substitutional synthesis of sub-nanometer InGaN/GaN quantum wells with high indium content
Authors: Vasileiadis I. G. , Lymperakis L. , Adikimenakis A. , Gkotinakos A. , Devulapalli V. , Liebscher C. H. , Androulidaki M. , Hübner R. , Karakostas Th. , Georgakilas A. , Komninou Ph. , Dimakis E. , Dimitrakopulos G. P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) with sub-nanometer thickness can be employed in short-period superlattices for bandgap engineering of efficient optoelectronic devices, as well as for exploiting topological insulator behavior in III-nitride semiconductors. However, it had been argued that the highest indium content in such ultra-thin QWs is kinetically limited to a maximum of 33%, narrowing down the potential range of applications. Here, it is demonstrated that quasi two-dimensional (quasi-2D) QWs with thickness of one atomic monolayer can be deposited with indium contents far exceeding this limit, under certain growth conditions. Multi-QW heterostructures were grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, and their composition and strain were determined with monolayer-scale spatial resolution using quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with atomistic calculations. Key findings such as the self-limited QW thickness and the non-monotonic dependence of the QW composition on the growth temperature under metal-rich growth conditions suggest the existence of a substitutional synthesis mechanism, involving the exchange between indium and gallium atoms at surface sites. The highest indium content in this work approached 50%, in agreement with photoluminescence measurements, surpassing by far the previously regarded compositional limit. The proposed synthesis mechanism can guide growth efforts towards binary InN/GaN quasi-2D QWs.
Fitness consequences of targeted gene flow to counter impacts of drying climates on terrestrial-breeding frogs
Authors: Rudin-Bitterli Tabitha S. , Evans Jonathan P. , Mitchell Nicola J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTargeted gene flow (TGF) could bolster the adaptive potential of isolated populations threatened by climate change, but could also lead to outbreeding depression. Here, we explore these possibilities by creating mixed- and within-population crosses in a terrestrial-breeding frog species threatened by a drying climate. We reared embryos of the crawling frog (Pseudophryne guentheri) on wet and dry soils and quantified fitness-related traits upon hatching. TGF produced mixed outcomes in hybrids, which depended on crossing direction (origin of gametes from each sex). North-south crosses led to low embryonic survival if eggs were of a southern origin, and high malformation rates when eggs were from a northern population. Conversely, east-west crosses led to one instance of hybrid vigour, evident by increased fitness and desiccation tolerance of hybrid offspring relative to offspring produced from within-population crosses. These contrasting results highlight the need to experimentally evaluate the outcomes of TGF for focal species across generations prior to implementing management actions.
Sauchinone inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by suppressing Akt-CREB-MMP13 signaling pathway
Authors: Kim Na Hui , Sung Nam Ji , Shin Seokwon , Ryu Deok-Seon , Youn Hyung-Sun , Park Sin-Aye 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Sauchinone, a lignan isolated from Saururus chinenesis, is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Recently, sauchinone has been reported to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells, but its effects on breast cancer cells remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sauchinone on the growth of breast cancer cells along with the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results show that sauchinone treatment markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Sauchinone reduced the phosphorylation of Akt, ERK, and CREB increased by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). In particular, sauchinone treatment suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 (MMP13) by regulating the Akt-CREB signaling pathway. Sauchinone was less effective in inhibiting cell migration in Mmp13-knockdown cells than in control cells, suggesting that MMP13 may be a novel target for sauchinone. Our study suggests that sauchinone inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells by attenuating the Akt-CREB-MMP13 pathway. In addition, the targeted inhibition of MMP13 by sauchinone represents a promising approach for the treatment of breast cancer.
Relationship Between Peripheral and Central Auditory Abilities and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Jain Chandni , Pushpoth Gangadharan Vipin Ghosh , Kadabasal Basavaraja Chetak , Lakshmi Aishwarya 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
This study evaluated the peripheral hearing and central auditory processing abilities in Indian adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Method:
The participants consisted of 75 adolescent girls with IDA, 50 adolescent girls without IDA, and 50 adolescent boys without IDA. Participants underwent a test battery to evaluate auditory processing and peripheral hearing assessment. In this study, central auditory processing abilities were assessed using Speech Perception in Noise test in Kannada (SPIN-K) and quick speech perception in noise tests in Kannada, dichotic consonant–vowel test, gap detection threshold (GDT), and auditory digit sequencing and auditory digit span tests.

Results:
Results showed that the hearing thresholds at extremely low and high frequencies (250 and 8000 Hz), although within clinically normal limits, were poorer in girls with IDA than in the control groups. Also, girls with IDA performed poorly in SPIN-K of the right ear, GDT, and auditory backward digit span tests.

Conclusion:
These subtle auditory deficiencies may be attributed to the compromised blood supply to the central auditory nervous system, as observed in the current study.
A Comparison of Falls and Dizziness Handicap by Vestibular Diagnosis
Authors: Huang Ryan J. , Smith Sherri L. , Brezina Libor , Riska Kristal M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
There is a paucity of data that directly compares the falls rate and dizziness handicap of different vestibular diagnoses. The purpose of this study is to compare the falls rate and dizziness handicap of common vestibular diagnoses encountered among a cohort of vestibular patients at a single institution.

Method:
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients evaluated for dizziness at a tertiary care center vestibular clinic between August 1, 2017, and March 19, 2019. Vestibular diagnosis, demographic variables, comorbidities, falls status, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were extracted from the medical record for analysis. Associations between vestibular diagnosis and falls history or DHI were evaluated using multivariate logistic and linear regression, respectively.

Results:

A total of 283 patients met our inclusion criteria with the following diagnoses: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV;
n
= 55), acoustic neuroma (
n
= 30), Ménière's disease (
n
= 28), multiple vestibular diagnoses (
n
= 15), vestibular migraine (
n
= 135), or vestibular neuritis (
n
= 20). After adjusting for age, sex, race, medications, and comorbidities, the odds of falling was 2.47 times greater (95% CI [1.08, 6.06],
p
= .039) and the DHI score was 11.66 points higher (95% CI [4.99, 18.33],
p
< .001) in those with vestibular migraine compared to those with BPPV. Other diagnoses were comparable to BPPV with respect to odds of falling and dizziness handicap.

Conclusions:
Patients with vestibular migraine may suffer an increased risk of falls and dizziness handicap compared to patients with BPPV. Our findings highlight the need for timely evaluation and treatment of all patients with vestibular disease.
Tissue Mobilization During Double Source of Vibration Semioccluded Vocal Tract Exercises: A Neck and Face Surface Acceleration Study
Authors: Guzman Marco , Acevedo Karol , Castro Christian , Moran Camilo , Espinoza Victor , Quezada Camilo 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study primarily aimed at observing the possible tissue mobilization on facial, neck, and chest tissues caused by different double source of vibration semioccluded vocal tract exercises (DSV-SOVTEs). Another goal was to inspect the degree of self-perceived sensation of a massage-like sensation.

Method
Fifty-five participants engaged in a set of several DSV-SOVTEs: (a) phonation with a silicone tube submerged 2 and 8 cm below water surface, (b) Acapella Choice device, (c) lip trills, and (d) tongue trills. A self-perceived massage-like sensation was also assessed. All exercises were performed at three loudness levels. Tissue mobilization signal was captured by four accelerometers placed in four different body regions: (a) over the cheek, (b) over the neck, (c) over the thyroid cartilage, and (d) over the suprasternal notch.

Results
There is a differential effect of all DSV-SOVTEs on tissue mobilization. All four observed dependent variables from tissue oscillation modulation (frequency, amplitude, jitter, and shimmer) showed significant three-way interactions. In general, amplitude and frequency of tissue oscillation modulation increases with loudness. A self-perceived massage-like sensation showed highly significant differences between DSV-SOVTEs.

Conclusions
All DSV-SOVTEs do mobilize tissues. Type of exercise, loudness level, and body region produce an effect on all tissue oscillation variables. Acapella device produces the largest amplitude of vibration, lowest frequency, and more regular oscillation of tissue. Water resistance therapy showed the most irregular tissue oscillation. Control of these variables is likely to be relevant to obtain the best outcomes in patients.
Incremental networked predictive control of multi‐agent systems with plant‐model mismatch and random communication constraints
Authors: Dong Zhe , Zheng Chang‐Bing , Pang Zhong‐Hua , Sun Jian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss the cooperative output tracking problem for networked multi‐agent systems (NMASs) with plant‐model mismatch as well as random communication constraints in the forward and feedback channels of each agent. In order to compensate actively for random communication constraints, that is, network‐induced delays and packet dropouts, an incremental networked predictive control scheme based on a state observer is proposed, which consists of a data buffer, an incremental networked predictor, and a network delay compensator. For both the plant‐model mismatch case and the plant‐model match case, the stability conditions of resulting closed‐loop NMASs are derived, respectively. Using the proposed method, the simulation results for three DC motor systems are presented to indicate that desired tracking performance can be achieved.
Filter‐based feature ranking technique for target recognition by radar infrared combined sensors
Authors: Wu Yanwei , Liu Guanghong , Li Yameng , Jiang Mian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFeature selection plays a key role in target recognition especially for multiple combined sensors’ applications. This study presents an improved relief feature selection (Relief‐F) model to rank features for multi‐target recognition. Besides, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the method is conducted based on the following three measuring indices: feature redundancy, class separability and overall accuracy. The simulated data acquired by radar infrared combined sensors are used to verify the metrics of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the Relief‐F method reveals the best results compared to other feature selection methods, including principal component analysis and Fisher linear discriminant analysis. It indicates that Relief‐F can be an effective option for feature selection with high‐class separability and a low feature redundancy rate. Furthermore, high overall accuracy can be obtained using a relatively small amount of features selected by the Relief‐F method.
Hand character gesture recognition based on a single millimetre‐wave radar chip
Authors: Li Wei , Jiang Jiahao , Yao Yi , Liu Danian , Gao Yang , Li Qi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, a new method for hand character gesture recognition based on a single millimetre‐wave radar chip is proposed. Most current radar‐based gesture recognition approaches use Doppler spectrograms or the feature extraction of Doppler spectrograms. In contrast, the authors propose using the trajectory points of gesture movements. Compared with the previous methods, the variations in the gesture movement speed, distance and direction during data acquisition have relatively little impact on the generated trajectories. The character trajectories drawn by gestures in the air output a fixed shape, and this fixed output facilitates the classification of gestures at a later stage. In this work, a single millimetre‐wave radar is used to collect data and a three‐dimensional fast Fourier Transform (3D‐FFT) algorithm is used to obtain the gesture trajectories. For the trajectory points, a trajectory conversion image method is proposed and finally the improved Xception network proposed in this work is used for image recognition. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method does not require large‐scale data acquisition to facilitate different users. This work is concluded by recognising hand character gestures and comparing them with other commonly used classification methods to verify the gesture recognition accuracy of the proposed method.
Constraining stellar rotation and planetary atmospheric evolution of a dozen systems hosting sub-Neptunes and super-Earths
Authors: Bonfanti A. , Fossati L. , Kubyshkina D. , Cubillos P. E. 
Published: October 2021

Context. Planetary atmospheric evolution modelling is a prime tool for understanding the observed exoplanet population and constraining formation and migration mechanisms, but it can also be used to study the evolution of the activity level of planet hosts.
Aims. We constrain the planetary atmospheric mass fraction at the time of the dispersal of the protoplanetary disk and the evolution of the stellar rotation rate for a dozen multi-planet systems that host sub-Neptunes and/or super-Earths.
Methods. We employ a custom-developed PYTHON code that we have dubbed PASTA (Planetary Atmospheres and Stellar RoTation RAtes), which runs within a Bayesian framework to model the atmospheric evolution of exoplanets. The code combines MESA stellar evolutionary tracks, a model describing planetary structures, a model relating stellar rotation and activity level, and a model predicting planetary atmospheric mass-loss rates based on the results of hydrodynamic simulations.
Results. Through a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme, we retrieved the posterior probability density functions of all considered parameters. For ages older than about 2 Gyr, we find a median spin-down (i.e. P(t)∝ty) of ȳ = 0.38−0.27+0.38, indicating a rotation decay slightly slower than classical literature values (≈0.5), though still within 1σ. At younger ages, we find a median spin-down (i.e. P(t)∝tx) of x̄ = 0.26−0.19+0.42, which is below what is observed in young open clusters, though within 1σ. Furthermore, we find that the x probability distribution we derived is skewed towards lower spin-down rates. However, these two results are likely due to a selection bias as the systems suitable to be analysed by PASTA contain at least one planet with a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere, implying that the host star has more likely evolved as a slow rotator. We further look for correlations between the initial atmospheric mass fraction of the considered planets and system parameters (i.e. semi-major axis, stellar mass, and planetary mass) that would constrain planetary atmospheric accretion models, but without finding any.
Conclusions. PASTA has the potential to provide constraints to planetary atmospheric accretion models, particularly when considering warm sub-Neptunes that are less susceptible to mass loss compared to hotter and/or lower-mass planets. The TESS, CHEOPS, and PLATO missions are going to be instrumental in identifying and precisely measuring systems amenable to PASTA’s analysis and can thus potentially constrain planet formation and stellar evolution.
Eine neue Lungenerkrankung bei Kindern mit systemischer JIA/Still-Syndrom
Authors: Rolfes Elisabeth , von Stuckrad Sae Lim , Kallinich Tilmann 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIm letzten Jahrzehnt hat eine neue Komplikation der systemischen juvenilen Arthritis mehr und mehr Beachtung in Fachkreisen und als „sJIA Lung Disease“ (sJIA-LD) Einzug in die Literatur gefunden. Die Kinder mit sJIA-LD präsentieren sich mit initial oft unspezifischen respiratorischen Symptomen, Hypoxie und Hautausschlag. Ein häufiges eindrückliches erstes Zeichen sind Trommelschlegelfinger mit digitalen Erythemen. Möglicherweise scheint die sJIA-LD gehäuft aufzutreten, wenn Kinder ein junges Alter bei sJIA-Diagnose hatten sowie ein oder mehrere Makrophagen-Aktivierungssyndrome in der Vorgeschichte, hohe Interleukin-18-Spiegel im Serum und eine Unverträglichkeit gegenüber Biologika (IL-1- oder IL-6-Blocker). Die Mortalität variiert stark zwischen den einzelnen Fallsammlungen, in der größten Kohorte ist sie mit 36 % hoch 1.
Dissociative Visual Loss in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Brunner Romuald , Jägle Herbert , Kandsperger Stephanie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPsychogenic vision disorders in children and adolescents are a common disorder primarily encountered by ophthalmologists at the onset because, as with other disorders of dissociation, the presentation suggests a neurologic or other somatic condition. Loss of visual acuity, blurred vision and visual field restriction–often described as tunnel vision–appears to be typical. The onset may be sudden, frequently related to a wide range of stressful life events (school failure, family conflicts, accidents). While the majority of these children quickly recover from their symptoms, a substantial percentage experience persistent symptoms or a fluctuating course. Due to the lack of efficacy studies of specific treatment protocols, diagnostic work-up and treatment suffer from a high degree of uncertainty. Differentiating dissociative visual loss from physical illness requires special expertise. The uncertainty of ophthalmologists and the other specialists involved in dealing with this clinical condition often delays the specialised treatment and may also trigger inadequate therapy with the iatrogenic risk of harming the patient. This article primarily describes the disorder-specific psychiatric diagnostic as well as the somatic differential diagnostic work-up and outlines the therapeutic principles of dissociative visual loss.
Colour Vision Disorder due to Conversion Disorders in Childhood
Authors: Thieme Deborah-Teresa , Brunner Romuald , Kandsperger Stephanie , Jägle Herbert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Non-organic vision loss can manifest in various ways, most commonly in the form of reduced vision and visual field defects. Colour vision disorders in the context of a conversion disorder have only rarely been reported.
Materials and Methods This review presents the case of a 9-year-old boy with a colour vision disorder as the isolated symptom of a conversion disorder. The challenging in this case was an additional somatic comorbidity – a congenital red-green deficiency. Consequently it was difficult to make a diagnosis and to convince the parents.
Conclusion It is important to rule out organic causes and establish the diagnosis of a conversion disorder. In these cases, multidisciplinary treatment is crucial for a successful outcome. The diagnosis may be especially challenging when the patients have both somatic and psychogenic complaints.
Topical Timolol for Infantile Haemangioma of the Orbit
Authors: Hildebrand Göran Darius , Sipkova Zuzana 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInfantile haemangiomas (IHs) are the most common benign tumours of the eyelid and orbits in infancy. Beta-blockers, in the form of oral propranolol, have become first-line treatment in severe cases with functionally significant or disfiguring IH. However, adverse drug reactions of oral propranolol in infants are reported in 1 in 11 and serious or potentially life-threatening systemic side effects in 1 in 38, including dyspnoea, hypotension, hyperkalaemia, hypoglycaemia, and cyanosis, therefore requiring careful and close monitoring during the course of systemic treatment. More recently, two large meta-analyses have shown topical beta-blockers, such as timolol maleate 0.5%, to be as effective as oral propranolol in superficial IH, but with no or significantly fewer adverse effects, and have advocated that topical beta-blockers replace oral propranolol as the first-line treatment of superficial IH. We have previously reported the therapeutic response of deep periocular IH to primary topical timolol maleate 0.5% monotherapy. Here we also describe the first successful treatments of large orbital IHs with primary topical timolol maleate 0.5% monotherapy in four infants, resulting in immediate cessation of progression and rapid clinical improvement or resolution in all cases. No adverse effects and no recurrence during long-term follow-up of up to 2.5 years after cessation were seen in any of the patients treated with topical timolol maleate 0.5%.
Patient with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Setting of an Extremely Rare form of Complex Congenital Anomalous Coronaries
Authors: Abdelnabi Mahmoud , Gerges Fady , Saleh Yehia , Elsharkawy Eman , Sanhoury Mohamed , Hassanein Mahmoud , Almaghraby Abdallah 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA single coronary artery is an exceedingly rare anomaly. Hereby, we present an unusual case of a young patient with an acute coronary syndrome who was found to have a single coronary artery originating from a single ostium in the right sinus of Valsalva with dual left anterior descending (LAD) arteries arising from the right coronary artery with two different anatomical courses, and additionally one of those LADs running a malignant intra-arterial course.
An innovative experimental apparatus for the analysis of sand production during natural gas hydrate exploitation
Authors: Lu Jingsheng , Li Dongliang , Liang Deqing , Shi Lingli , Zhou Xuebing , He Yong 
Published: October 2021

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) will become a significant potential energy source in the post-oil era due to its large reserves, wide distribution, high energy density, and low pollution. Sand production is one of the main problems that cause the impossible long-term production of NGH. This paper presents an experimental apparatus that was developed to synthesize NGH and hydrate-bearing sediments and was applied to analyze the sand production and sand control mechanism during hydrate exploitation. The sand production and sand control tests of NGH can be conducted over a temperature range varying from 253.15 to 323.15 K and the maximum chamber pressure and overlying pressure up to 30 MPa. This apparatus is mainly composed of the simulated sand production system, the temperature and pressure control system, and the measurement control system. The simulated sand production system consists of a movable overlying pressure loader, a strain sensor, a simulated reservoir chamber, a sand control system, and a sand production monitoring system. A visual gas–liquid–solid separation tank is applied to observe the gas, water, and sand production. The basic principles of this apparatus are discussed, and a series of experiments were performed to verify that sand production and sand control can be practically applied in the exploitation of NGH reservoirs.