bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass Mortality as a Way of Structuring Amazonian and Alpine Tree Populations: Evidence After Storm Vaia
Authors: Garrido-Perez Edgardo I. , Lincango-Vega Juan G. , Tella-Ruiz David , Arias-Pizarro Maria I. , Bonilla Karen , Cabrera Jairo , Roman Horus J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
By logging in the past, humans can determine current tree population structures, but fast stump decomposition makes difficult to falsify that for Amazonian Rainforests. We reconstructed land-use histories and surveyed trees ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height on three 1-ha plots (K1, K2, and K6) in Kühbergl, South Tyrolean Alps as we did for four plots in Atacapi, Ecuador (plots A, B, C, and D). Storm Vaia (October 27 –November 1, 2018) stroke Kübergl providing dated evidence of mass tree-mortality on plot K6. We used K6 as control for comparing its pre- and post-storm population structures with the ones of four Amazonian, and three Alpine species where Vaia did not kill trees (Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests). When compared with K6’s Picea abies, the following species had size distributions similar to post-storm, but not to pre-storm situation. Amazonian: Piptocoma discolor, Vochysia bracelineae (plots B and D), Miconia decurrens (plots B and C), and Pseudobombax sp (plot C). Alpine: Larix decidua (plot K1) and Picea abies (plot K2). Storms do not occur in Atacapi, where logging is a common practice. That makes plausible that discrete events of compulsive logging during secondary succession made Amazonian population structures to look similar to K6’s P. abies. Logging is forbidden in Kühbergl, but storms are common there. Thus, the current population structures of Larix decidua (plot K1) and Picea abies (plot K2) should be legacies of storms before Vaia. Looking into tree populations’ history can impulse research for answering some basic questions of Ecology: what alters population structures, and which population structuring processes are more influential than others.
Some Population Aspects of Common Tern Sterna hirundo Breeding in Algeria at a Small Mediterranean Island (East Coast of Algeria)
Authors: Khemis Mohamed Dhaya El-Hak , Boutabia Lamia , Farhi Kamilia , Elafri Ali , Kahli Asma , Telailia Salah 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the first detailed study of population dynamics, breeding biology and egg measurement of Common Terns. During six years (from 2004 to 2009) of monitoring, from mid-May to mid-August, 74 Common Terns individual were recorded at Laouinet small island, El Tarf, northeast of Algeria, witha finite population growth rate that indicated an alarming population decline(λ = -0.62: Lambda). Sterna hirundo build its nests (n = 37) in the northeast at a mean distance of 7.58 m from the closest edge of rocks. The nests were closed and ovoid, constituted mainly of mussel shells Sandpit, stems and leaves. Incubation was performed by pairs of common tern and lasted 25.5 ±3.4 days. We recorded a clutch size of 1 to 3 eggs with mean clutch size of 2.45±0.65 (41.24±0.83 × 30.46±0.62 mm). The egg parameters (volume, mass, shape index) varied between the six years of the study. The egg volume (19.24±0.87) depended more on egg width (30.46±0.62), however the egg shape (0.73±0.20) depended negatively on the egg length (41.24±0.83) but not on the egg width. Our results also showed a stabilized hatching success and a best estimation of breeding success. The hatching success did not vary between years: 70.5% in 2004, 68.75% in 2005, 71.42% in 2006, 71.42% in 2007, 69.23% in 2008 and 69.23% in 2009.
Academic Relations Between Debrecen and Vienna: Exemplified By Eduard Böhl and Sándor Venetianer
Authors: Schwarz Karl 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The study seeks to investigate the relationship between Theological Faculty of Debrecen Reformed College and the Protestant Theological Faculty at University of Vienna. The counter-movements against modern, or so-called liberal theology brought Eduard Böhl from Vienna and Ferenc Balogh into a shared theological camp. The former followed the German-Dutch confessionalist Pietist of Reformed faith the letter became the leading figure of New-Orthodoxy movement of Debrecen. Both professors were keen on educating and training students with a view to respect and love the traditional doctrines, faith expressions of the church. Their endeavoured to put their students into significant jobs where influence could be exerted. This paper shows light on how Böhl sought to manage a former student, Sándor Venetianer’s carreer so as to continue the kind of theology that the famous professor of dogmatics also promoted.
16. Physiological effects of IDH1 loss-of-function on Chondrocyte Differentiation through Hedgehog Pathway upregulation
Authors: Tyson Cassie 
Published: April 2021

Cartilage tumors are the most common and terminal primary neoplasms in bone. Physiologically, bones formed through endochondral ossification are regulated by the Hedgehog pathway and Parathyroid hormone-like hormone feedback loop. The upregulation of the infamous Hedgehog pathway has been demonstrated in several non-cartilaginous neoplasms. Recently, frequent mutational events of isocitrate dehydrogenase1 (IDH1) were identified in cartilage tumors. In other neoplasms, IDH mutations produces an oncometabolite that can promote HIF1a activation, contributing to tumorigenesis. Currently, the role of IDH1 mutations in cartilage tumors remain unknown. Investigating the physiological aspect of IDH1proves useful in identifying novel therapeutic targets for cartilage tumors. IDH1 deficient and wild-type littermates, were harvested for forelimbs and hindlimbs at various developmental stages for phenotypic analysis via hematoxylin and eosin staining. Histological analysis demonstrated IDH1 homozygous deficient mice at embryonic stages exhibited dwarfism and an elongated layer of hypertrophic chondrocytes. This was verified via immunohistochemistry Type 10 Collagen staining and Quantitative PCR (qPCR) using the chondrocyte terminal differentiation marker Col10a1. Whole skeletons of IDH1 deficient mice were subjected to skeletal double staining which demonstrated delayed mineralization of underdeveloped IDH1 deficient mice contrasted with wild-type littermates. qPCR was performed to examine the status of chondrocyte differentiation through the Hedgehog pathway in cultured primarymouse growth plate chondrocytes. Interestingly, IDH1 deficient non-neoplastic cells revealed significant upregulation of Hedgehog target molecules in IDH1 deficient chondrocytes. As a result, the loss-offunction of IDH1 was identified as a potential impairment of chondrocyte differentiation and a factor towards chondrocyte tumorgenisis.
L’éternité de la maternité : une analyse de la relation mère-fille dans Tout comme elle de Louise Dupré
Authors: Albert Rachel , Hudon Michelle , Vanier Sadie 
Published: April 2021

La relation mère-fille est une relation unique et universelle. C’est une relation qui évoque à la fois deux femmes individuelles et met en lumière des éléments positifs et négatifs, éléments qui permettent aussi de réfléchir à ce que c’est que d’être une femme.
La pièce de théâtre Tout comme elle de Louise Dupré, publiée en 2006, remet en question les valeurs féminines et maternelles. Celle-ci nous emporte notamment dans le domaine de la douleur et de l’universalité de la féminité, ce que nous analyserons à partir des actes III et IV de la pièce. Ces derniers nous encouragent à poser la question suivante, à savoir comment la relation mère-fille fait preuve de permanence, malgré les obstacles qu’elle peut rencontrer.
Nous répondrons à cette question en explorant la fonction de la distance, ce qui nous renverra alors à l’idée de la totalité du temps. Enfin, nous monterons comment cette pièce valorise le cycle de la féminité. En effet, ce sont les mères et les filles qui rendent possible la survie des êtres humains. Et cette présentation montrera par conséquent l’aspect éternel de la relation mère-fille à travers cette œuvre québécoise.
Open Source Software Implementation of Anatomical Segmentation
Authors: Hess Maggie 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) affects nearly 15% of preterm infants. It can lead to ventricular dilation and cognitive impairment. To ablate IVH clots, MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is investigated. This procedure requires accurate, fast and consistent quantification of ventricle and clot volumes.
Methods: We developed a semi-autonomous segmentation (SAS) algorithm for measuring changes in the ventricle and clot volumes. Images are normalized, and then ventricle and clot masks are registered to the images. Voxels of the registered masks and voxels obtained by thresholding the normalized images are used as seed points for competitive region growing, which provides the final segmentation. The user selects the areas of interest for correspondence after thresholding and these selections are the final seeds for region growing. SAS was evaluated on an IVH porcine model.
Results: SAS was compared to ground truth manual segmentation (MS) for accuracy, efficiency, and consistency. Accuracy was determined by comparing clot and ventricle volumes produced by SAS and MS. In Two-One-Sided Test, SAS and MS were found to be significantly equivalent (p < 0.01). SAS on average was found to be 15 times faster than MS (p < 0.01). Consistency was determined by repeated segmentation of the same image by both SAS and manual methods, SAS being significantly more consistent than MS (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: SAS is a viable method to quantify the IVH clot and the lateral brain ventricles and it is serving in a large- scale porcine study of MRgFUS treatment of IVH clot lysis.
A southern African perspective on the co-evolution of early life and environments
Authors: Hickman-Lewis K. , Westall F. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Kaapvaal and Zimbabwe cratons host some of the earliest evidence for life. When compared to the contemporaneous East Pilbara craton, cherts and other metasedimentary horizons in southern Africa preserve traces of life with far greater morphological and geochemical fidelity. In spite of this, most fossiliferous horizons of southern Africa have received relatively limited attention. This review summarises current knowledge regarding the nature of early life and its distribution with respect to environments and ecosystems in the Archaean (&gt;2.5 Ga) of the region, correlating stratigraphic, sedimentological, geochemical and palaeontological understanding. There is abundant and compelling evidence for both anoxygenic photosynthetic and chemosynthetic biomes dominating Palaeoarchaean-Mesoarchaean strata dating back to around 3.5 Ga, and the prevalence of each is tied to palaeoenvironmental parameters deducible from the rock record. Well-developed, large stromatolites characteristic of younger Mesoarchaean-Neoarchaean sequences were probably constructed by oxygenic photosynthesisers. Isotopic evidence from the Belingwe greenstone belt and the Transvaal Supergroup indicates that both a full sulphur cycle and complex nitrogen cycling were in operation by the Mesoarchaean-Neoarchaean. The Archaean geological record of southern Africa is thus a rich repository of information regarding the co-evolving geosphere and biosphere in deep time.
Reactivation of COVID-19 in a neurosurgical patient with early neuropsychiatric presentation. Does seroconversion mean immunity?
Authors: Bonomo Giulio , Caldiroli Dario , Bonomo Roberta , Pugliese Raffaelino , DiMeco Francesco , Zoia Cesare 
Published: April 2021

Background:
In the aftermath of COVID-19 outbreak, there is a strong need to find strategies to monitor SARSCoV-2 transmission. While the application of screening techniques plays a major role to this end, there is evidence challenging the real significance of seroconversion. We reported a case of COVID-19 reactivation associated with a neurosurgical operation with early neuropsychiatric involvement presumably promoted by olfactory and gustatory impairment in the first infection.

Case Descriptio:
A 57-year-old man was referred for a 2-month history of progressive development of imbalance, dizziness, and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging showed two bilateral hemispheric cerebellar lesions. In line with our triage protocol, the patient underwent a nasopharyngeal swab for RNA of SARS-CoV-2 detection, which resulted positive. Of note, the patient had reported in the previous month hyposmia and hypogeusia. After a period of 14 days, three new swabs were performed with negative results, leading the way to surgery. In the early post-operative period, the patient manifested acute onset of psychotic symptoms with hyperactive delirium, followed by fever and acute respiratory failure. A chest computed tomography revealed a specific pattern of ground-glass opacities in the lower lobes bilaterally, suggesting a viral pneumonia. Serological tests demonstrated the seroconversion and a new nasopharyngeal swab confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusion:
Our report highlights the importance of comprehensive screening assessments in sensitive cases highly susceptible to COVID-19 recurrence.
Extramedullary myeloid sarcoma mimicking tuberculosis of spine: A case report and literature review
Authors: Patgaonkar Prasad , Goyal Vaibhav , Marathe Nandan 
Published: April 2021

Background:
A definitive diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging. The “gold standard” is to obtain histopathological confirmation of the lesion. This analysis highlights how to avoid missing the diagnosis of an extramedullary myeloid sarcoma (EMS) versus TB.

Case Description:
A 25-year-old male presented with paraparesis. Although this was first attributed to TB spondylodiscitis, a PET-CT and reevaluation of the biopsy specimen both confirmed the diagnosis of an EMS.

Conclusion:
Nontubercular spinal disease should be suspected when a patient deteriorates despite the institution of antitubercular therapy for a reasonable duration. Further, microbiological and/or pathological confirmation is warranted to direct appropriate treatment and differentiate spinal TB from other entities as, in this case, an EMS.
Implementasi Media Topeng Fantasi untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Cinta Budaya Daerah
Authors: Kusmiati Kusmiati 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi media Topeng Fantasi untuk meningkatkan karakter cinta budaya daerah, keterampilan berpikir kreatif dan literasi dalam pembelajaran berbasis proyek menulis cerita fantasi siswa kelas VIIC SMP Islam Sabilillah Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIIC SMP Islam Sabilillah Malang yang berjumlah 31 orang siswa. Hasil dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: 1) terjadi peningkatan karakter cinta budaya daerah, ketuntasan belajar sebesar 87,10% (kategori baik) pada siklus 1 dan capaian sebesar 96,77% (kategori sangat baik) pada siklus II; 2) terjadi peningkatan nilai keterampilan berpikir kreatif ketuntasan sebesar 80,64% (kategori cukup baik) pada siklus I, capaian sebesar 93,54% (kategori sangat baik) pada siklus II. Nilai keterampilan berpikir kreatif peserta didik dari menjadi, dan 3) terjadi peningkatan keterampilan literasi dalam pembelajaran berbasis proyek menulis cerita fantasi sebesar 83,87% (kategori cukup baik) pada siklus I, dan capaian sebesar 96,77% (kategori sangat baik) pada siklus II.
Determinants of Self-Reported Illness: An Experience from Social Health Insurance Program in Nepal
Authors: Paudel Deepak Raj 
Published: April 2021

Even though the ultimate goal of social health insurance program is to increase the utilization of health services and reduce the health care expenditure, individuals in developing countries generally do not visit a healthcare provider or spend on healthcare unless they perceive themselves as ill. Thus, the determinants of such illness reporting could have practical significance in a setting, where the social health insurance program was first being implemented in Nepal.
Philosophically, this study follows a post-positivism or empiricism research paradigm. The ontological assumption of this study is a singular reality and regarding the epistemological assumption, this study considers an objective reality, a deductive method of quantitative inquiry. A cross-sectional survey was performed among 6480 individuals from 1048 households located in 26 wards of Kailali district after twenty-one months of the implementation of health insurance program in Nepal. The sample was selected in two stages, first being the selection of wards and second being the households. Data analyses were mainly based on chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.
The study revealed that out of total 6480 surveyed individuals, 1590 (24.5%) individuals reported illness and the most commonly self-reported illness was cold/cough/fever in the month prior to the survey. The logistic regression analysis revealed that a number of socioeconomic factors such as health insurance coverage, gender, education level, economic status and employment status are significant predictors of illness reporting. Being insured, household members were more likely to report illness compared to their counterparts (Odds ratio= 1.40, 95% Confidence Interval=1.24-1.59). Females were more likely to report illness compared to males. Members with secondary level of education were significantly less likely to have illnesses than the members with no formal education. Household members from higher household economic status and employed were significantly less likely to have an illness.
The findings from this study could inform policy in the ongoing national health insurance debate in Nepal and elsewhere. Since individuals having health insurance are more likely to report illness compared to uninsured, there is need to expand the health insurance program thought the country. Despite some methodological constraints, this study delivers new information on the occurrences of self-reported illnesses among the Nepalese population. This can help policy makers to formulate proper interventions to protect the poor from the financial burden associated with poor-health.
Factors Associated with Non-Enrollment in National Health Insurance Scheme in Kaski District, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Anju , Gahatraj Nand Ram , Yadav Dipendra Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Health insurance poses a vital role in developing countries, to attain an equitable health outcome to all citizens by ensuring universal health coverage. This study aims to assess the factors associated with non-enrollment in National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in a setting of Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 492 households (246 non-enrolled and 246 enrolled) of Kaski district, Nepal from May to August 2020. Data were gathered from face-to-face interview. Data were entered in Epi data 3.1 and analysed by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS16). Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to analyze the data. The household without elderly family members were 2.06 times less likely to enroll in the scheme (AOR=2.060, CI=1.141-3.721, p<0.01). Similarly, non-enrollment increases with the decreasing wealth quintile of the family (AOR=4.312, CI=1.881-9.880, p<0.001). Families who perceived their family health status as fair was more likely to join the scheme than those as a good health status. Households who had poor or average knowledge on the scheme were almost five times more likely to non-enrollment (AOR=4.641, CI=2.841-7.582, p <0.001). Factors that determine the non-enrolment in NHIS are households had without elderly family members, poor wealth quintile, self-perceived good health status and poor knowledge on NHIS. Effective coordination from different stakeholders need to increase the health insurance coverage and increase the health literacy through the wide coverage of health communication program.
RANCANG ALAT PENDETEKSI GOLONGAN DARAH BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Pratmanto Dany , Rousyati Rousyati , Sari Ratna Kurnia , Mubarok Husni , Tiffani Fitria Tisa’ , Ubaidillah Fathurrohman Al 
Published: April 2021

Sekarang ini banyak diciptakan alat-alat kesehatan seperti stetoskop, thermometer, alat suntik dan tensimeter yang semakin canggih guna memudahkan pemberian pelayanan kesehatan. alat-alat tersebut juga dibuat dengan tujuan untuk membantu pekerjaan manusia, salah satunya alat kesehatan yaitu alat pendeteksi golongan darah. Dimulai dari proses sensor LED sebagai transmitter dan sensor photodioda serta serum Anti A, Anti B, Anti D, rangkaian komparator dan pengolahan data menggunakan Arduino Uno kemudian sensor akan diolah dan hasil pembacaan golongan darah akan ditampilkan pada LCD display. Dirancang untuk mengetahui golongan darah manusia secara otomatis dan cepat menggunakan metode ABO. cara kerja alat ini adalah sampel darah yang telah ditetesi antisera dan ditempatkan pada preparat, dan dideteksi oleh optoisolator kemudian data dari optoisolator dikirimkan ke Ardunio Uno yang telah diprogramkan untuk menentukan golongan darah. Kemudian hasil dari instruksi-instruksi yang ada pada mikrokontroler Arduino Uno tersebut sehingga output nya langsung dapat ditampilkan pada LCD dan dicetak hasil pengujian golongan darah yang nanti nya tampilannya meliputi: golongan darah, yang telah diuji. gunanya untuk menjadi bukti untuk pasien yang telah melakukan pemeriksaan golongan darah di tempat klinik tersebut. pada perancangan alat ini digunakan bahasa pemograman bahasa CKata kunci: Pembuatan Alat Pendeteksi Golongan Darah Berbasis Arduino Uno, Metode ABO, Sensor photodioda dan LED
A Moment of Reckoning, an Activation of Refusal, a Project of Re-Worlding
Authors: Carter Jill 
Published: April 2021

I came to the theatre to discover my own humanity—to discover a belief in my own humanity. I looked to the theatre to teach me the worth of my own life on this earth and to teach me to fearlessly articulate this humanity, to manifest it that I might find the bridge between ‘us’ and ‘them,’ between my ancestors and their oppressors, between myself and those who oppressed me, and between my yet-unborn descendants and the peoples among whom they might someday live. I came to the theatre to save my life and to try, through this medium, to transfigure a salvaged wreck into a life well lived.I am still seeking that bridge between…Across these territories, a great reckoning is taking place. The fuse is burning, and, it seems, an explosion is imminent—an explosion of the narrative through which this nation that calls itself ‘Canada’ has spoken itself into being. In this plague year, talk of ‘truth and reconciliation’ between treaty peoples has evolved into a speech act that activates survivance. Indigenous artists, activists, and scholars, with increasing vigour and conviction, are choosing to activate their refusal of that long-cherished narrative—its content and structure—and the institutions that nourish and uphold it.