bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Predictors of Social Distancing Compliance in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hansen Alexa C , Farewell Charlotte V , Jewell Jennifer S , Leiferman Jenn A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Through the application of the Health Belief Model, this study sought to explore how relationships between perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits of social distancing recommendations, as well as psychological factors, may impact compliance with COVID-19 social distancing recommendations in the United States.

Methods:
Between October and November 2020, a convenience sample of English-speaking adults in the United States completed an online, cross-sectional survey which included items assessing beliefs around threats (e.g., perceived susceptibility and severity), response efficacy (e.g., perceived benefits), psychological factors (e.g., stress and COVID-specific anxiety), and compliance with social distancing measures (e.g., avoiding social gatherings).

Results:
Social distancing compliance was positively associated with perceived susceptibility of COVID-19 (b = 0.42, P < 0.05) and perceived benefits of social distancing recommendations (b = 0.81, P < 0.01). No significant associations were found between perceived severity of COVID-19 (P = 0.38), general stress (P = 0.28), COVID-19-related anxiety (P = 0.12), and compliance.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 and perceived benefits of social distancing measures significantly increased compliance with social distancing recommendations in this convenience sample of U.S. adults.
Long-term association between diet quality and characteristics of the gut microbiome in the multiethnic cohort study
Authors: Ma Erica , Maskarinec Gertraud , Lim Unhee , Boushey Carol J. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Setiawan V. Wendy , Le Marchand Loïc , Randolph Timothy W. , Jenkins Isaac C. , Curtis Keith R. , Lampe Johanna W. , Hullar Meredith A.J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs past usual diet quality may affect gut microbiome (GM) composition, we examined the association of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 assessed 21 and 9 years before stool collection with measures of fecal microbial composition in a subset of the Multiethnic Cohort. A total of 5936 participants completed a validated quantitative FFQ (QFFQ) at cohort entry (Q1, 1993–1996), 5280 at follow-up (Q3, 2003–2008) and 1685 also at a second follow-up (Adiposity Phenotype Study (APS), 2013–2016). All participants provided a stool sample in 2013–2016. Fecal microbial composition was obtained from 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1–V3 regions). HEI-2015 scores were computed based on each QFFQ. Using linear regression adjusted for relevant covariates, we calculated associations of HEI-2015 scores with gut microbial diversity and 152 individual genera. The mean HEI-2015 scores increased from Q1 (67 (sd 10)) to Q3 (71 (sd 11)) and APS (72 (sd 10)). Alpha diversity assessed by the Shannon Index was significantly higher with increasing tertiles of HEI-2015. Of the 152 bacterial genera tested, seven (Anaerostipes, Coprococcus_2, Eubacterium eligens, Lachnospira, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 and Ruminococcus_1) were positively and five (Collinsella, Parabacteroides, Ruminiclostridium_5, Ruminococcus gnavus and Tyzzerella) were inversely associated with HEI-2015 assessed in Q1, Q3 and APS. The estimates of change per unit of the HEI-2015 score associated with the abundance of these twelve genera were consistent across the three questionnaires. The quality of past diet, assessed as far as ∼20 years before stool collection, is equally predictive of GM composition as concurrently assessed diet, indicative of the long-term consistency of this relation.
Plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 responses to ingestion of protein with increasing doses of milk minerals rich in calcium
Authors: Watkins Jonathan D. , Smith Harry A. , Hengist Aaron , Brunsgaard Lise Høj , Mikkelsen Ulla Ramer , Koumanov Francoise , Betts James A. , Gonzalez Javier T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA high dose of whey protein hydrolysate fed with milk minerals rich in calcium (Capolac®) results in enhanced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations in lean individuals; however, the effect of different calcium doses ingested alongside protein is unknown. The present study assessed the dose response of calcium fed alongside 25 g whey protein hydrolysate on GLP-1 concentrations in individuals with overweight/obesity. Eighteen adults (mean ±sd: 8M/10F, 34 ± 18 years, 28·2 ± 2·9 kgm−2) completed four trials in a randomised, double-blind, crossover design. Participants consumed test solutions consisting of 25 g whey protein hydrolysate (CON), supplemented with 3179 mg (LOW), 6363 mg (MED) or 9547 mg (HIGH) Capolac®on different occasions, separated by at least 48 h. The calcium content of test solutions equated to 65, 892, 1719 and 2547 mg, respectively. Arterialised-venous blood was sampled over 180 min to determine plasma concentrations of GLP-1TOTAL, GLP-17–36amide, insulin, glucose, NEFA, and serum concentrations of calcium and albumin.Ad libitumenergy intake was measured at 180 min. Time–averaged incremental AUC (iAUC) for GLP-1TOTAL(pmol·l−1·min−1) did not differ between CON (23 ± 4), LOW (25 ± 6), MED (24 ± 5) and HIGH (24 ± 6). Energy intake (kcal) did not differ between CON (940 ± 387), LOW (884 ± 345), MED (920 ± 334) and HIGH (973 ± 390). Co-ingestion of whey protein hydrolysate with Capolac®does not potentiate GLP-1 release in comparison with whey protein hydrolysate alone. The study was registered at clinical trials (NCT03819972).
Seed germination ecology of Sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis) in relations to various environmental parameters
Authors: Mahajan Gulshan , Prasad Ashneel , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSumatran fleabane [Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) Walker] is an emerging weed in the Australian cropping region. Populations resistant to glyphosate have evolved in Australia, creating the demand for information regarding the seed germination ecology of glyphosate-resistant (R) and glyphosate-susceptible (S) populations of C. sumatrensis. A study was conducted to examine the effects of temperature, light intensity, salt stress, osmotic stress, and burial depth on the germination and emergence of two populations (R and S) of C. sumatrensis. Both populations were able to germinate over a wide range of alternating day/night temperatures (15/5 to 35/25 C). In light/dark conditions, the R population had higher germination than the S population at 20/10 and 35/25 C. In the dark, the R population had higher germination than the S population at 25/15 C. In the dark, germination was inhibited at 30/20 C and above. Averaged over populations, seed germination of C. sumatrensis was reduced by 97% at zero light intensity (completely dark conditions) compared with full light intensity. Seed germination of C. sumatrensis was reduced by 17% and 85% at osmotic potentials of −0.4, and −0.8 MPa, respectively, compared with the control treatment. The R population had lower germination (57%) than the S population (72%) at a sodium chloride concentration of 80 mM. Seed germination was highest on the soil surface and emergence was reduced by 87% and 90% at burial depths of 0.5 and 1.0 cm, respectively. Knowledge gained from this study suggests that a shallow-tillage operation to bury weed seeds in conventional tillage systems and retention of high residue cover on the soil surface in zero-till systems may inhibit the germination of C. sumatrensis. This study also warrants that the R population may have a greater risk of invasion over a greater part of a year due to germination over a broader temperature range.
Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
Authors: Sorvillo Teresa E. , Cross Robert W. , Johnson Dylan M. , Dobias Natalie S. , Fenton Karla A. , Mire Chad E. , Geisbert Thomas W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractJunin virus (JUNV) is a pathogen of biodefense importance due to its potential for aerosol transmission and mortality rates reaching 30%. Currently, there are no JUNV vaccines licensed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for at-risk individuals. A vaccine based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) has been effectively used to prevent Ebola virus disease in humans. Here, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a rVSV expressing the JUNV glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-JUNVGP) in a guinea pig model of lethal JUNV disease. Two groups of guinea pigs, one prime and one prime-boost, were vaccinated with rVSVΔG-JUNVGP; six control animals remained unvaccinated. Survival for prime and prime-boost vaccinated animals was 100% while the challenge virus was uniformly lethal in all control animals. Animals in both vaccine groups developed robust, high avidity IgG antibody titers post-vaccination as well as detectable neutralizing antibodies while control animals failed to develop detectable antibody responses. This study demonstrates for the first time that rVSV expressing the JUNV GP fully protects guinea pigs from lethal JUNV challenge with a single injection vaccine.
Emotional representations of space vary as a function of peoples’ affect and interoceptive sensibility
Authors: Galvez-Pol Alejandro , Nadal Marcos , Kilner James M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMost research on people’s representation of space has focused on spatial appraisal and navigation. But there is more to space besides navigation and assessment: people have different emotional experiences at different places, which create emotionally tinged representations of space. Little is known about the emotional representation of space and the factors that shape it. The purpose of this study was to develop a graphic methodology to study the emotional representation of space and some of the environmental features (non-natural vs. natural) and personal features (affective state and interoceptive sensibility) that modulate it. We gave participants blank maps of the region where they lived and asked them to apply shade where they had happy/sad memories, and where they wanted to go after Covid-19 lockdown. Participants also completed self-reports on affective state and interoceptive sensibility. By adapting methods for analyzing neuroimaging data, we examined shaded pixels to quantify where and how strong emotions are represented in space. The results revealed that happy memories were consistently associated with similar spatial locations. Yet, this mapping response varied as a function of participants’ affective state and interoceptive sensibility. Certain regions were associated with happier memories in participants whose affective state was more positive and interoceptive sensibility was higher. The maps of happy memories, desired locations to visit after lockdown, and regions where participants recalled happier memories as a function of positive affect and interoceptive sensibility overlayed significantly with natural environments. These results suggest that people’s emotional representations of their environment are shaped by the naturalness of places, and by their affective state and interoceptive sensibility.
Failure of diffusion-weighted imaging in intraoperative 3 Tesla MRI to identify hyperacute strokes during glioma surgery
Authors: Voglis Stefanos , Hiller Aimee , Hofer Anna-Sophie , Tosic Lazar , Bozinov Oliver , Regli Luca , Serra Carlo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntraoperatively acquired diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences in cranial tumor surgery are used for early detection of ischemic brain injuries, which could result in impaired neurological outcome and their presence might thus influence the neurosurgeon’s decision on further resection. The phenomenon of false-negative DWI findings in intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ioMRI) has only been reported in single cases and therefore yet needs to be further analyzed. This retrospective single-center study’s objective was the identification and characterization of false-negative DWI findings in ioMRI with new or enlarged ischemic areas on postoperative MRI (poMRI). Out of 225 cranial tumor surgeries with intraoperative DWI sequences, 16 cases with no additional resection after ioMRI and available in-time poMRI (< 14 days) were identified. Of these, a total of 12 cases showed false-negative DWI in ioMRI (75%). The most frequent tumor types were oligodendrogliomas and glioblastomas (4 each). In 5/12 cases (41.7%), an ischemic area was already present in ioMRI, however, volumetrically increased in poMRI (mean infarct growth + 2.1 cm3; 0.48–3.6), whereas 7 cases (58.3%) harbored totally new infarcts on poMRI (mean infarct volume 0.77 cm3; 0.05–1.93). With this study we provide the most comprehensive series of false-negative DWI findings in ioMRI that were not followed by additional resection. Our study underlines the limitations of intraoperative DWI sequences for the detection and size-estimation of hyperacute infarction. The awareness of this phenomenon is crucial for any neurosurgeon utilizing ioMRI.
Entropy optimized dissipative flow of hybrid nanofluid in the presence of non-linear thermal radiation and Joule heating
Authors: Xia Wei-Feng , Hafeez M. U. , Khan M. Ijaz , Shah Nehad Ali , Chung Jae Dong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPresent article reads three dimensional flow analysis of incompressible viscous hybrid nanofluid in a rotating frame. Ethylene glycol is used as a base liquid while nanoparticles are of copper and silver. Fluid is bounded between two parallel surfaces in which the lower surface stretches linearly. Fluid is conducting hence uniform magnetic field is applied. Effects of non-linear thermal radiation, Joule heating and viscous dissipation are entertained. Interesting quantities namely surface drag force and Nusselt number are discussed. Rate of entropy generation is examined. Bvp4c numerical scheme is used for the solution of transformed O.D.Es. Results regarding various flow parameters are obtained via bvp4c technique in MATLAB Software version 2019, and displayed through different plots. Our obtained results presents that velocity field decreases with respect to higher values of magnetic parameter, Reynolds number and rotation parameter. It is also observed that the temperature field boots subject to radiation parameter. Results are compared with Ishak et al. (Nonlinear Anal R World Appl 10:2909–2913, 2009) and found very good agreement with them. This agreement shows that the results are 99.99% match with each other.
Making a Case for Studying Gender-Neutral Pronouns in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Shotwell Sarah , Sheng Li 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to review current policies and research in the field of speech-language pathology in regard to targeting gender-neutral pronouns in language therapy and propose further research on the topic.

Method
Official documents from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association for the practice of speech-language pathology were searched for information about pediatric language therapy and ethical requirements of practice as they relate to targeting gender-neutral pronouns in treatment.

Conclusions
Based on the current standards, it is ethical and within the scope of practice for speech-language pathologists to target gender-neutral pronouns in language treatment. Research on the topic is needed to establish evidence-based practice guidelines. Recommendations are provided for potential research questions and methodologies.
Convective blueshift strengths of 810 F to M solar-type stars
Authors: Liebing F. , Jeffers S. V. , Reiners A. , Zechmeister M. 
Published: August 2021

Context. The detection of Earth-mass exoplanets in the habitable zone around solar-mass stars using the radial velocity technique requires extremely high precision, on the order of 10 cm s−1. This puts the required noise floor below the intrinsic variability of even relatively inactive stars, such as the Sun. One such variable is convective blueshift varying temporally, spatially, and between spectral lines.
Aims. We develop a new approach for measuring convective blueshift and determine the strength of convective blueshift for 810 stars observed by the HARPS spectrograph, spanning spectral types late-F, G, K, and early-M. We derive a model for infering blueshift velocity for lines of any depth in later-type stars of any effective temperature.
Methods. Using a custom list of spectral lines, covering a wide range of absorption depths, we create a model for the line-core shift as a function of line depth, commonly known as the third signature of granulation. For this we utilize an extremely-high-resolution solar spectrum (R ~ 1 000 000) to empirically account for the nonlinear nature of the third signature. The solar third signature is then scaled to all 810 stars. Through this we obtain a measure of the convective blueshift relative to the Sun as a function of stellar effective temperature.
Results. We confirm the general correlation of increasing convective blueshift with effective temperature and establish a tight, cubic relation between the two that strongly increases for stars above ~5800 K. For stars between ~4100 and ~4700 K we show, for the first time, a plateau in convective shift and a possible onset of a plateau for stars above 6000 K. Stars below ~4000 K show neither blueshift nor redshift. We provide a table that lists expected blueshift velocities for each spectral subtype in the data set to quickly access the intrinsic noise floor through convective blueshift for the radial velocity technique.
EEG Signal Enhancement Using OWA Filter
Authors: Yadav Soham , Pawar Jeevika , Patil Girish , Agarwal Shivangi 
Published: August 2021

Biomedical signal monitoring and recording are an integral part of medical diagnosis and treatment control mechanisms. For this, enhanced signals with appropriate peak preservation are required. The OWA (OrderedWeighted Aggregation) Filter used in this paper helps in non-linear signal filtering and preservation of peaks for accurate medical diagnosis. Weights are an important aspect of the OWA filter, the Gaussian method and the KDE (Kernel Density Estimation) function are used to obtain a precise output which helps in filtering the signal. This filter is further compared with another non-linear filter that is the median filter to understand the compatibility and the preciseness of the filter in a much deeper sense.
OWA | filter | peak | kernel density estimation | probability density | EPD (Estimated Probability Density)
Conception, réalisation, mise en service du captage et dépoussiérage secondaire de l'aciérie de Dunkerque
Authors: Jager J. M. , Guichard P. , Thoral R. , Rose W. , Dehoux Ph. 
Published: August 2021

Trois phases ont contribué au dimensionnement de l'installation de captage-dépoussiérage secondaire des convertisseurs de Sollac Dunkerque : les mesures du Leces sur site, la simulation sur maquette hydraulique, les calculs thermiques et aérauliques.
Le filtre à manches à dépression, en amont de trois ventilateurs, a une capacité de 3 128 000 m3/h à 130 °C. Le montage des équipements, de décembre 1992 à janvier 1993, s'est réalisé dans une aciérie en exploitation.
Nitrogen control in liquid steel for slab casting
Authors: van der Knoop W. , Moonen W. H. L. , Post J. , van Unen G. 
Published: August 2021

For the production of a two piece can (DWI), a continuous aonealed material for tin plate is preferred witb a low nitrogen content.
At Hoogovens BOS No. 2, a steelmaking practice has been developed for the entire route to obtain N < 20 ppm. Major features are the blowing techniques to obtain low nitrogen in the BOF, prevention of -pick up during ladle treatrnent and improved shrouding at the caster.
Modélisation thermomécanique des produits longs de coulée continue. Application à la maîtrise de la santé interne par réduction douce
Authors: Do Thong P. , Jolivet J. M. , Lopes C. , Gratacos P. , Roquet J. , Selaries J. 
Published: August 2021

La technique de réduction douce est un moyen de maîtriser la qualité interne des produits de coulée continue. L'Irsid a mené des calculs thermomécaniques pour modéliser ce procédé dans le cas particulier de la coulée continue de rond. L'étude a consisté à étudier l'influence de la technologie de réduction (2 ou 4 génératrices), du format et de la nuance sur la mise en compression du pâteux et sur les efforts à mettre en œuvre
Il ressort de cette étude que la technologie de réduction sur 2 génératrices minimise les efforts à appliquer pour une même efficacité de compression.
Development of solid state terahertz interferometer for the first plasma on HL-2M tokamak
Authors: Shi P. W. , Yang Z. C. , Shi Z. B. , Xu L. F. , Deng W. C. , Jiang M. , Chen W. , Zhong W. L. , Wen J. , Fang K. R. , Tong R. H. , Xue G. Q. , Yu X. , Li Y. G. , Ji X. Q. , Zhang Y. P. , Yang Q. W. , Xu M. , Wang Z. X. , Duan X. R. 
Published: August 2021

A solid state terahertz interferometer has been developed on the recent commissioned HL-2M tokamak. It can work in a wide frequency region of 220–325 GHz, and the terahertz wave is generated from a low frequency phase locked voltage controlled oscillator with the frequency multiplying technique. A phase processor based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology is designed for the heterodyne interferometer, and it contributes to real-time display of electron density. To extract phase information, a novel numerical algorithm related to fast Fourier transform is written on the FPGA chip and enables one to obtain phase shift without being affected by amplitude variation induced by plasma absorption or frequency modulation from the outer electromagnetic environment. The interferometer achieves minimum measurable electron density in the order of 1016 m−3. With the plasma diagnosis, electron density and low frequency tearing mode have been measured during the first experimental campaign.
Magnetic interactions and spin excitations in van der Waals ferromagnet

VI3
Authors: Gordon Elijah , Mkhitaryan V V , Zhao Haijun , Lee Y , Ke Liqin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and spin-wave theory methods, we investigate the magnetic interactions and spin excitations in semiconducting VI3. Exchange parameters of monolayer, bilayer, and bulk forms are evaluated by mapping the magnetic energies of various spin configurations, calculated using DFT+U, onto the Heisenberg model. The intralayer couplings remain largely unchanged in three forms of VI3, while the interlayer couplings show stronger dependence on the dimensionality of the materials. We calculate the spin-wave spectra within a linear spin-wave theory and discuss how various exchange parameters affect the magnon bands. The magnon–magnon interaction is further incorporated, and the Curie temperature is estimated using a self-consistently renormalized spin-wave theory. To understand the roles of constituent atoms on magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE), we resolve MAE into sublattices and find that a strong negative V-I inter-sublattice contribution is responsible for the relatively small easy-axis MAE in VI3.