bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling exponential decay in maximum capacitance across specified flight patterns in small aircraft
Authors: Rigas Pete Rigas , Kulkarni Chetan 
Published: February 2021

With increased autonomy being an integral part of un- manned aerial system (UAS), during flight a vehicle needs to have an accurate estimation of its state of health and capabilities to perform and achieve mission success with utmost safety. Batteries are of key importance in electric-propulsion aircraft and are its most pertinent re- source. It is important to know the state of charge of the battery not only because the health state is directly re- lated to the flight profiles flown by the vehicle, but also because the state of charge of the vehicle and its opera- tional condition must be estimated after each flight.
In this work a methodology is presented to generate pre- dictions for flight plans that experience anomalies, or un- expected system failure in due to a parasitic load in a specified stage of the flight that must return to its starting point of origin. We begin by describing the procedures by which a sequence of steps will be carried out to expo- nentially weigh the impact of different stages of a flight towards thermal strain on the capacitance Cmax of the battery during each flight.
Inventarisasi Jenis Ikan Bakau Di Teluk Pangpang Taman Nasional Alas Purwo Banyuwangi
Authors: Meita Asrul Rofiqoh , Tristi Indah Dwi Kurnia , Nurmasari Fitri 
Published: February 2021

The forest of mangrove in the area of Pangpan Blok in Jati Papak TNAP have mangrove of the fores. There are many natural activity of fish in the forest of mangrove. Research carried to determine the types of mangrove fish, knowing the density and diversity of mangrove fish that were in the Gulf region Pangpang the block in Jati Papak Alas Purwo National Park. The research conducted was in May-June 2016. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The workings are used in this research include determining the location, fish sampling, measurements of abiotic parameters. Analysis of the data used in quantitative indices which include the density and diversity of species. Based on the results of the study, the types of fish that was obtained in the Gulf region Pangpang the Block in Jati Papak Alas Purwo National Park is family and 6 species. The results of the highest density value is kind periothalamus sp to the value of density 4.92, density the lowest skor is kind sardinella longiceps with a density value of 0.56, and the value of the relative density (KR) is the highest of species with density values ​​(kr) 1, 99 and density relative value (KR) sardinella longiceps lowest with a value of 0.23. The results of the analysis of mangrove fish diversity at every station indicate that the diversity of fish species Pangpang Gulf region the Block in Papak Alas Purwo National Park is relatively low, at station 1 value ranging between H ': 0.36645 at station 2 values ​​ranged between H': 0 , 35 934 and in satasiun 3 values ​​ranged between H ': 0.36266.
The development of retro-cue benefits with extensive practice: Implications for capacity estimation and attentional states in visual working memory
Authors: Zerr Paul , Gayet Surya , van den Esschert Floris , Kappen Mitchel , Olah Zoril , Van der Stigchel Stefan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAccessing the contents of visual short-term memory (VSTM) is compromised by information bottlenecks and visual interference between memorization and recall. Retro-cues, displayed after the offset of a memory stimulus and prior to the onset of a probe stimulus, indicate the test item and improve performance in VSTM tasks. It has been proposed that retro-cues aid recall by transferring information from a high-capacity memory store into visual working memory (multiple-store hypothesis). Alternatively, retro-cues could aid recall by redistributing memory resources within the same (low-capacity) working memory store (single-store hypothesis). If retro-cues provide access to a memory store with a capacity exceeding the set size, then, given sufficient training in the use of the retro-cue, near-ceiling performance should be observed. To test this prediction, 10 observers each performed 12 hours across 8 sessions in a retro-cue change-detection task (40,000+ trials total). The results provided clear support for the single-store hypothesis: retro-cue benefits (difference between a condition with and without retro-cues) emerged after a few hundred trials and then remained constant throughout the testing sessions, consistently improving performance by two items, rather than reaching ceiling performance. Surprisingly, we also observed a general increase in performance throughout the experiment in conditions with and without retro-cues, calling into question the generalizability of change-detection tasks in assessing working memory capacity as a stable trait of an observer (data and materials are available at osf.io/9xr82 and github.com/paulzerr/retrocues). In summary, the present findings suggest that retro-cues increase capacity estimates by redistributing memory resources across memoranda within a low-capacity working memory store.
FUTURE CHALLENGES IN THE WAKE OF COVID-19 ON MENTAL HEALTH IN PAKISTAN- A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Tanvir Seemi , Babar Mariam , Fazal Ayesha , Fazal Faiqa 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a contagious disease that has shaken the mankind. Up till 30th June 2020, about 10.1 million people have been affected across 188 countries around the world. Deterioration of mental health is long-term effect of a pandemic. Methods for the control of COVID-19 have provoked fear, anxiety and frustration. Developed countries might be able to handle them but for a developing country it may prove an economic “Death Warrant”. Pakistan is one of countries that have been fighting with COVID-19, with about 24% of the population living below the national poverty line and aftermaths of this pandemic still awaits. We intend to assess impact of COVID-19 on mental health in Pakistan to contribute towards the prevention of anticipated complications by getting a more clear picture.
METHODOLOGY: Online literature search was carried out from Jan 2020 to Jun 2020, using Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed with the help of key words. This resulted in retrieval of 151 articles after removing duplicated ones. Articles with incomplete information, case reports, case series, letters or editorials were also excluded. After shortlisting, seven articles were finally selected for the review.
RESULTS: This review observed that mental illnesses have been potentiated by COVID-19 due to its multi-dimensional manifestations especially on the economic growth of the country. Health care professionals and those having previous history of any psychological disabilities are the easy targets.
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 disease management and preventive measures to provide psychological support must go hand in hand.
GASTROSCOPY WITH BIOPSY AND/OR SEROLOGICAL BIOPSY AS THE PRIMARY METHOD OF DIAGNOSIS OF GASTRIC MUCOSA CONDITION
Authors: Arkhipova A. A. , Anischenko V. V. , Mirsadikov R. R. 
Published: February 2021

Nowadays formal programs for screening of early cancer and precancerous conditions of the gastric mucosa exist only in Japan and South Korea, where studies of the upper gastrointestinal are carried out in people at the age of 40 and older.Objective of the study: to assess the condition of the gastric mucosa in 40-50 year-old patients by means of determination of pepsinogen 1 and pepsinogen 2 concentration ratio, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy complemented by biopsy.Materials and methods. The analysis included examination results of 23 patients with the diagnosis: "unspecified dyspepsia". Gender distribution of patients: women – 12, men – 11, average age 46 + 3.6 years (M + m). It was a single-stage study. All patients underwent video esophagogastroduodenoscopy. There were also taken two biopsy samples, from the antrum and the body of the stomach, for a rapid urease test, and then the patients underwent blood sampling. Inclusion criteria: patients with dyspeptic symptoms who have not been previously examined and have not received any treatment; aged 40 to 50 years; voluntary informed consent for examination, positive result of rapid urease test. Withdrawal criteria: refusal to participate in the study, duodenal ulcer.Results. Atrophic gastritis was identified during endoscopic and morphological examination in three patients (out of 23) with gastric ulcers, but the concentration ratio of pepsinogen 1 and pepsinogen 2 was higher than 3/1.Conclusion. Our study has shown that determination of concentration ratio of pepsinogen 1 and pepsinogen 2 in patients under 50 does not reflect the presence of atrophic changes in the mucous membrane.
TYPE OF FUNDOPLICATION FOR LAPAROSCOPICHIATAL HERNIA REPAIR, COMPLICATED BY GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
Authors: Grintcov A. G. , Ishenko R. V. , Sovpel I. V. , Sedakov I. E. , Sovpel O. V. , Balaban V. V. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose. To analyze short-term and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of the patients with hiatal hernia complicated by gastroesophageal reflux disease, depending on the choice of fundoplication method.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the short and long-term outcomes of the treatment of 171 patients suffering hiatal hernia complicated by gastroesophageal reflux disease was performed. All patients were underwent laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair supplemented by Nissen fundoplication - 109 patients or Toupet fundoplication – 62 patients.Results. In the Nissen fundoplication group the incidence of intraoperative complications was 9.2% (11 patients), postoperative complications – 8.3% (9 patients), dysphagia in the early postoperative period was noted in 24 (22%) patients. In 5 years after surgery, gastroesophageal reflux was observed in 6 (5.5%) patients, anatomical recurrence in 13 (11.9%) patients. Dysphagia in the late postoperative period was noted in 7.3% (8 patients). In the Toupet fun doplication group the incidence of intraoperative complications was 11.3% (7 patients), the incidence of postoperative complications was 6.5% (4 patients), functional dysphagia in the early postoperative period was noted in 8 (12.9%) patients. In 5 years after surgery, gastroesophageal reflux was observed in 8 (12.9%) patients, anatomical relapse in 13 (11.9%) patients. Persistent long-term dysphagia in the late postoperative period was noted in 2(3.2%) patients.Findings. The choice of fundoplication method did not significantly affect on the duration of surgery, the frequency of intraoperative and postoperative complications, duration hospital stay, the incidence of early functional postoperative dysphagia, the number of unsatisfactory results in the long term period, including recurrence and dysphagia.
IS THERE A FUTURE FOR SINGLE PORT LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY?
Authors: Galimov O. V. , Prazdnikov E. N. , Khanov V. O. , Galimov D. O. 
Published: February 2021

Aim.To identify a perspectives for using a single incision laparoscopic technologies in surgery.Materials and methods:Today we have a several questions relating to a single incision laparoscopic surgery such as the possible spectrum of their application, safety and economic efficiency. The main is: does this technologies have a perspectives in future.In paperwas performed a retro and prospective analysis of the data of modern literature and authors own experience in surgical treatment using a single incision laparoscopic technologies.Results:The study included 74 patients who underwent: cholecystectomy – 64 (86,5%), nephrectomy – 4 (5,4%), ovarian cyst removal – 4 (5,4%), kidney resection – 2 (2,7 %), using various kind of ports: “X-Cone Karl Storz” (28), “Covidien” (18), “PPP” (7), and 21 cases of multi-trocar access.Conclusions:Our opinion that the perspectives for the development of single incision laparoscopy, is the further development of endoscopic devices, including robotic ones, and we believe that it will be a real future and endoscopic surgeons should be ready for this.
Surfaces of (Nearly) Dormant Comets and the Recent History of the Quadrantid Meteor Shower
Authors: Kareta Theodore , Hergenrother Carl , Reddy Vishnu , Harris Walter M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The parent of the Quadrantid meteor shower is the inactive solar system small body (196256) 2003 EH1. EH1 has likely only gone dormant in the past few hundred years, and may be related to the bright comet C/1490 Y1. Compared with the other best-studied inactive meteor shower parent (3200) Phaethon, EH1 has received comparatively minimal characterization of its surface properties. We present the first reflectance spectrum and additional photometry of EH1, as well as new spectra of the nuclei of three nearly dormant comets P/2006 HR30 (Siding Spring), 364P/Pan-STARRS, and 249P/LINEAR for comparison. We also present new short-term high-resolution orbital integrations of these bodies for context. EH1s spectrum is red in color below 0.8 μm in between C and D types, consistent with previous photometric measurements, but is blue beyond 0.8 μm until at least 1.02 μm. 249P and 364P have both red slopes consistent with C taxonomic types and HR30 has a classic comet nucleus D-type slope. If the downturn in EH1’s spectrum is due to an absorption feature, magnetite and olivine are plausible candidates, but more data are needed. 249P and 364P have similar recent and historical dynamical evolutions in addition to their similar surface properties. We discuss the interrelation between the dynamical histories and modern surfaces of these four objects and suggest avenues for further study to better constrain how the Quadrantids and Geminids were created.
Polarimetric Decomposition of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Arecibo Radar Observations
Authors: Hickson Dylan C. , Virkki Anne K. , Perillat Phil , Nolan Michael C. , Bhiravarasu Sriram S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The polarization state of radar echoes from planetary bodies contains information about the scattering mechanisms present on the surface and thus the near-surface physical properties. Polarimetric radar scatter from complex surfaces, such as those observed for spacecraft-visited near-Earth asteroids (NEAs), is not well understood in terms of relating observed polarimetry to surface properties. Here we present an improved methodology for polarimetric analyses of ground-based radar observations of NEAs, extending techniques derived for larger bodies. We calculate the Stokes vector for delay-Doppler images of NEAs and use this to perform the m-chi decomposition and derive polarimetric products such as the degree of polarization, circular polarization ratio, and degree of linear polarization. We apply this methodology to radar observations of NEAs (53319) 1999 JM8, (101955) Bennu, and (33342) 1998 WT24 obtained by the Arecibo Observatory. We also perform numerical simulations of the m-chi decomposition for irregular boulders to augment the interpretation of the results for NEAs. Our analyses show that significant components of radar echoes are depolarized (random polarization) and linearly polarized. The numerical simulations confirm that depolarization is increased by single scattering from nonspherical wavelength-scale particles. Our analysis suggests that 1999 JM8 is possibly covered in regolith and that surface scatterers dominate the scattering properties of Bennu. The NEA 1998 WT24 displays diverse polarimetric properties, which we reconcile with optical and thermal observations by assuming a fine-grained regolith mantling a rugged, dense interior. In this work, we demonstrate the usefulness of radar polarimetry in characterizing the physical properties of planetary surfaces.
Long-term effect of acidic pH on the surface microhardness of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate, Biodentine, and total fill root repair material putty
Authors: Bayraktar Koral , Basturk Fatima Betul , Turkaydin Dilek , Gunday Mahir 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The purpose of this study was to compare the microhardness values of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and total fill root repair material (TF-RRM) Putty at varying pH and times.

Materials and Methods:
In this laboratory experiment, materials were mixed and placed in cylinder blocks with internal dimensions of 6 mm × 4 mm. Ten samples of each material were soaked in buffered solutions of butyric acid with 4.4, 5.4, 6.4, and 7.4 pH values and stored at 37°C in 100% humidity. The samples were submitted to the microhardness test at the end of 1 week and then 1 month. Multivariate analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference tests were carried out to compare the mean values at a significance level of P < 0.05.

Results:
Low pH caused a significant decrease in the microhardness values of all samples. Surface microhardness increased with time (P < 0.0001). The microhardness values of Biodentine were significantly greater than those of ProRoot MTA and TF-RRM putty (P < 0.0001). The lowest microhardness values were recorded for TF-RRM putty groups regardless of the pH of the environment and the evaluation time.

Conclusion:
An acidic environment impaired the surface microhardness of all root repair materials tested. Overall, the mean surface microhardness of TF-RRM Putty was lower than those of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. Biodentine showed the greatest microhardness values at all pH values, regardless of the evaluation time.
Oral manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Khozeimeh Faezeh , Shakerin Hadi , Daghaghzadeh Hamed , Najarzadegan Fereshteh , Golestannejad Zahra , Adibi Peyman 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Various systemic diseases can cause oral manifestations, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study is designed to investigate the frequency of oral manifestations in patients with IBD referred to health centers and offices in Isfahan in 2018.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was done among 161 patients suffering from IBD in Isfahan, Iran. They were chosen by the systematic randomized sampling. Finally, the data were analyzed using the logistic regression test in the SPSS software. Significance was assigned at P < 0.05.

Results:
The number of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's syndrome was, respectively, 119 persons (73.9%) and 42 persons (26.1%). Oral manifestations were seen among 52 (32.3%) of the samples. The frequency of oral manifestations was 35.6% (31 cases) in males and 28.4% (21 cases) in females. Oral manifestations were seen in 29.4% of patients with ulcerative colitis and 40.5% of patients with Crohn's disease. Based on the logistic regression, there was a statistically significant relationship between the use of azathioprine and mesalazine with oral manifestations (P < 0.05), whereas the severity of disease and smoking were not statistically significantly related to oral manifestations (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
The severity of the disease was not significantly correlated with oral manifestations, which are in agreement with the results of previous studies. It was also found that among patients with IBD, the oral aphthous ulcers can appear 1–3 years before the diagnosis of the disease. Besides that, some of the drugs used to treat the disease have a significant relationship with oral manifestations.
Relationship of pH and the viscosity of five different iron supplements with the absorption of iron ions and enamel discoloration in the anterior primary teeth (an in vitro study)
Authors: Babaei Navid , Molaei Tina , Belyad Saeid , Hekmatfar Somayeh 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Various iron drops are prescribed to children to prevent iron-deficiency anemia. The current study aimed to evaluate and compare the physicochemical profile of iron drops and the effect of these medicines on the color of primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:
On the commencement of this experimental study, the pH and viscosity of five types of iron drops were measured. For the purpose of the current study, sixty healthy anterior deciduous teeth were provided; thereafter, they were assigned to five groups and then exposed to iron drops. The color and color difference of each specimen were measured by VİTA Easyshade Compact after 2 weeks. The amount of absorbed iron was determined by atomic absorption. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (P < 0.05).

Results:
As evidenced by the obtained results, all medications demonstrated acidic pH and discoloration. The viscosity values of iron drops were reported to be within the range of 2.07–33.58 cP. Based on the results of Pearson's correlation coefficient test, discoloration showed a correlation with pH and atomic absorption (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Analyzed iron drops displayed low pH and discoloration higher than 3.3 which can be easily distinguished with naked eyes. Medicine labels should include warning statements on the feasibility of dental discoloration and erosion.
Effect of different surface treatment with panaviaV5 on shear bond strength of metal brackets to silver amalgam
Authors: Alavi Shiva , Shirani Farzaneh , Zarei Zahra , Raji Seyed Amir Hossein 
Published: February 2021

Background:
This study was conducted to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets to amalgam surfaces by two surface treatment methods, two different adhesives, and one intermediate resin and also to evaluate surface roughness after two preparation methods as well as bond failure mode.

Materials and Methods:
In this in-vitro study forty-eight amalgam samples were randomly allocated to four groups. In Groups 1–3, specimens were sandblasted with 50 μm aluminum oxide, followed by application of Alloy primer in Groups 1 and 2. In Group 3 Alloy primer had not used. In Group 4, samples were prepared by silica coating using a silane coupling agent. Surface roughness analysis was performed in 10 additional samples after two surface treatments. The brackets in Group 1 were bonded with Transbond XT and those in other groups were bonded with Panavia V5. All specimens were examined for SBS following 5000 times thermocycling at 5°C–50°C. Modified adhesive remnant index was utilized for the bond failure mode. Data analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance, post hoc Tukey, Kruskal–Walli and Mann–Whitney U tests. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The findings indicated the mean SBS were low (ranged from 0.19 to 4.66 MPa) and significantly lower in Group 3 than in Group 4 (P = 0.009). Bond failure occurred in adhesive/amalgam interface in nearly all samples. Silica coating produced significantly lower roughness than sandblast (P = 0.009).

Conclusion:
Silica coating had a significant higher bond strength than sandblast without application of Alloy primer. However compared to sandblast with Alloy primer, silica coating did not significantly improve the bond strength. Chemical bond between PanaviaV5 and sandblasted amalgam was not considerable.