bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer Mentorship in Psychiatric Nursing Education: Preparation for Future Practice
Authors: Thomson Andrea E. , Smith Nadine , Naismith Dana 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Academic demands along with stressors inherent to daily life may be overwhelming for undergraduate psychiatric nursing students. Peer mentorship programs have been found to improve emotional well-being in students; however, little research is available regarding psychiatric nursing students' experiences.

Method:
Hermeneutic phenomenology was used to answer the research question: “What are the lived experiences of mentors within an undergraduate psychiatric nursing peer mentorship program?” Nine undergraduate psychiatric nursing students with experience serving as a mentor were interviewed.

Results:
The participants expressed they gained important skills that are valued by the profession of psychiatric nursing. The themes identified included: support, empathy, the mentor-mentee relationship, active listening, and leadership.

Conclusion:

Involvement in these programs may assist with fostering these skills in undergraduate psychiatric nursing students. Offering a mentorship program for undergraduate psychiatric nursing students has been demonstrated to be valuable.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(10):582–585.]
Bachelor of Science in Nursing Students' Perceptions Regarding Educator Feedback
Authors: Sultan Bushra , Victor Gideon 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Feedback is imperative for academic success, learning, and professional growth. Faculty competence to provide constructive feedback is a cornerstone in the educational process, environment, and outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the quantity, quality, timing, and utilization of feedback among 38 Bachelor of Science in Nursing students. An assessment experience questionnaire was used to collected data.

Results:

The majority of students (
n
= 27 [71%]) expressed that the timing of feedback is critical; 21 (55%) students reported feedback threatened their self-esteem, 19 (50%) students perceived feedback did not help in completing assignments, and 24 (63%) students reported feedback did not help in understanding assignments. Students reported the negative impact of feedback resulted in feeling discouraged regarding reflection (
n
= 20 [53%]) and self-regulation (
n
= 21 [55%]).

Conclusion:

Although feedback is imperative for academic success and professional development, the quantity and quality affects students' utilization of feedback.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(10):577–581.]
Anti–PD-1 Checkpoint Therapy Can Promote the Function and Survival of Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Vick Sarah C , Kolupaev Oleg V , Perou Charles M , Serody Jonathan S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We have previously shown in a model of claudin-low breast cancer that regulatory T cells (Tregs) are increased in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and express high levels of PD-1. In mouse models and patients with triple-negative breast cancer, it is postulated that one cause for the lack of activity of anti–PD-1 therapy is the activation of PD-1–expressing Tregs in the TME. We hypothesized that the expression of PD-1 on Tregs would lead to enhanced suppressive function of Tregs and worsen antitumor immunity during PD-1 blockade. To evaluate this, we isolated Tregs from claudin-low tumors and functionally evaluated them ex vivo. We compared transcriptional profiles of Tregs isolated from tumor-bearing mice with or without anti–PD-1 therapy using RNA sequencing. We found several genes associated with survival and proliferation pathways; for example, Jun, Fos, and Bcl2 were significantly upregulated in Tregs exposed to anti–PD-1 treatment. Based on these data, we hypothesized that anti–PD-1 treatment on Tregs results in a prosurvival phenotype. Indeed, Tregs exposed to PD-1 blockade had significantly higher levels of Bcl-2 expression, and this led to increased protection from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. In addition, we found in vitro and in vivo that Tregs in the presence of anti–PD-1 proliferated more than control Tregs. PD-1 blockade significantly increased the suppressive activity of Tregs at biologically relevant Treg/Tnaive cell ratios. Altogether, we show that this immunotherapy blockade increases proliferation, protection from apoptosis, and suppressive capabilities of Tregs, thus leading to enhanced immunosuppression in the TME.
Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay for the Diagnosis of Congenital Chagas Disease: A Prospective Study in Spain
Authors: Gil-Gallardo Luis , Simón Marina , Iborra Asunción , Carrilero Bartolomé , Segovia Manuel 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT.
Congenital Chagas disease (CCD) has become a global health problem. Historically, the diagnosis of CCD has been carried out using parasitological methods and traditional serological techniques, however, new serological techniques such as chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA) have been developed in the last few years with many advantages compared with traditional serological tests. A total of 75 children born to 72 Latin American Chagas-infected mothers were consecutively enrolled and studied by CMIA and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) at 0–2, 6, 9, and 12 months of age. At the end of the follow-up, 74 out of 75 children were considered uninfected and one child was diagnosed with CCD. Our study emphasizes the need to carry out serological follow-up on every newborn from a mother with Chagas disease and shows that CMIA assay is a great diagnostic tool as a single serological test at 9 months of age to rule out CCD or to identify possible transmission.
Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection among β-Thalassemia Major Patients in Ahvaz City, Iran
Authors: Amirhashchi Fatemeh , Azaran Azarakhsh , Seyedian Seyed Saeid , Jalilian Shahram , Keikhaei Bijan 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT.
Occult Hepatitis B Infection (OBI) is a critical risk factor for triggering post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH), cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, which β-thalassemia major (BTM) patients are at risk of it due to multiple blood transfusions. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI among BTM patients from Khuzestan Province, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 90 thalassemia patients, who have received blood 36 to 552 times, participated referred to the Shafa hospital of Ahvaz city from January 2018 to April 2019. ELISA for determining serological markers (HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV) and real-time PCR for detecting HBV-DNA were performed; Nested PCR was conducted for DNA sequencing and determining the genotype of OBI case. Phylogenetic and statistical analyses were done by R package. Of 90 subjects enrolled in this study; 95.5% (86/90) were HBsAg negative, and the frequency of OBI among them was 1.16% (1/86). The anti-HBs, anti-HBc, and anti-HCV were detected in 80.00%, 7.78%, and 12.2% of patients, respectively. HBV-DNA was assessed at four HBsAg-positive subjects as well, and all of them were negative. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the detected HBV DNA in the OBI case belongs to the genotype D. This research, for the first time, demonstrated that OBI is present among β-thalassemia patients in Iran. Also, further studies are necessary to determine the actual prevalence of OBI among BTM patients in Iran to decisions concerning OBI screening, especially in transfusion centers.
Evaluation of quality of life and postmenopausal symptoms of postsmenopausal women – a prospective observational study
Authors: Timmana V.S. Geethika , Mattapalli Glory , Gujju Emmanuel , Boddu Priyanka , V Uma Sankar 
Published: October 2021

Background: Menopause is a phase of transformation from the reproductive to the non-reproductive period in a woman’s life. In the aging population it is nature’s defensive event against reproductive morbidity and mortality.“An individual’s insight of their position in conditions such as the value and culture systems in which they survive and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns” in life is defined as QOL. A negative effect on the common health and quality of life (QOL) as well as the contentment of middle-aged women may occur due to Menopause and associated biologicals.
Objective: To evaluate the quality of life and postmenopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.
Methods: In this present study 100 patients were recruited and studied for their demographic details and their postmenopausal qualityof life related aspects. The obtained data was analysed using the SPSS software.
Results: The mean menopausal age was found to be 45.6 years. The maximum and minimum menopausal ages were 37 and 60 respectively in this study. On analysis, MSQOL revealed that 89% women suffered sexual symptoms, followed by 78% women who suffered physical symptoms like decrease in physical strength and stamina, aches in back of neck and head, aching muscles and joints. Approximately half of the women experienced vasomotor and psychological symptoms. UQOL revealed lower or poor QOL of the postmenopausal women. The overall average scores for occupational, health, emotional, sexual and total QOL for 100 participants was found to be 11.37, 21.03, 17.84, 3.67 and 53.34 respectively
KERANCUAN BAHASA DALAM KARANGAN MURID SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI DAERAH TUARAN, SABAH
Authors: JEFFREY KIHOB ANNE , HJ. MAHALI SAIDATUL NORNIS 
Published: October 2021

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kepekaan murid sekolah menengah luar bandar di daerah Tuaran, Sabah menggunakan bahasa Melayu yang standard dalam karangan mereka. Sebanyak 70 hasil karangan murid tingkatan empat dari tiga buah sekolah menengah dianalisis satu persatu menggunakan kaedah kualitatif analisis kandungan. Respons bertulis juga diperoleh daripada semua murid untuk mengetahui sebab mereka mencampuradukkan bahasa dalam karangan bahasa Melayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahawa 55 hasil karangan mengandungi percampuran bahasa. Berdasarkan jumlah tersebut, 14 hasil karangan mengandungi percampuran bahasa dalaman sahaja. 41 hasil karangan yang lain pula mengandungi percampuran bahasa Inggeris. Kemudian, daripada jumlah tersebut, 28 buah karangan mengandungi kedua-dua jenis percampuran bahasa iaitu bahasa dalaman dan bahasa Inggeris. Berdasarkan respons bertulis dan temu bual dengan murid tentang sebab adanya perkataan bahasa Inggeris dalam karangan mereka, percampuran bahasa berlaku kerana keterbiasaan dan tidak mengetahui padanan yang betul dalam bahasa Melayu. Dapatan ini menunjukkan bahawa adanya kelemahan murid menggunakan bahasa Melayu standard dalam komunikasi bertulis untuk menyampaikan sesuatu mesej. Kajian yang dijalankan bermanfaat untuk memberikan maklumat berkenaan tahap penguasaan bahasa Melayu murid sekolah menengah. Guru-guru juga boleh menggunakan maklumat yang diperoleh untuk mencari cara yang sesuai bagi membantu murid meningkatkan kemahiran berbahasa Melayu yang standard khususnya dalam penulisan karangan.

This research was conducted to study the awareness among rural secondary students in Tuaran District, Sabah in using standard Malay in their essays. 70 essays of Form Four sudents from three secondary schools were analysed individually using qualitative content analysis. Written response from all students were also obtained to identify the reasons forlanguage mixing in their Malay language essays. Findings of this study showed that 55 essays contained language mixes. From this total, 14 essays were found to contain native language mixing. The other 41 essays had mixes with the English language with 28 containing both types of language mixing i.e. native language and English language. Based on the students’ written response and interview feedback on the reasons for the presence of English words in their essays, the language mixing was attributed to habit and being unsure of the correct form of expression in Malay. These findingspointed to a weakness among students in using standard Malay language in their written communication to convey certain messages. This study is beneficial in terms of providing information on the level of Malay language mastery among secondary school students. Teachers could also utilise the information provided to identify appropriate methods to help students improve their standard Malay language skills particularly in essay writing.
Der Impfstatus wird zum Politikum
Authors: Schaal René 
Published: October 2021

Frankfurt a.M. Die Politik diskutiert derzeit eine generelle Pflicht für Arbeitnehmer, den eigenen Impfstatus gegenüber ihrem Unternehmen offenzulegen. Aus der Agrarwirtschaft kommt zu diesen Plänen viel Zustimmung.
Changes in cirrus cloud properties and occurrence over Europe during the COVID-19-caused air traffic reduction
Authors: Li Qiang , Groß Silke 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. By inducing linear contrails and contrail cirrus, air traffic has a main impact on the ice cloud coverage and occurrence. During the COVID-19 pandemic, civil air traffic over Europe was significantly reduced, in March and April 2020, to about 80 % compared to the year before. This unique situation allows us to study the effect of air traffic on cirrus clouds. This work investigates, based on satellite lidar measurements, if and how cirrus cloud properties and occurrence changed over Europe in the course of COVID-19. Cirrus cloud properties are analyzed for different years between 2014 and 2019, which showed similar meteorological conditions for the month of April as in 2020. The meteorological conditions for March, however, were warmer and drier in 2020 than the previous years. The average thickness of cirrus clouds was reduced to 1.18 km in March 2020 compared to a value of 1.40 km under normal conditions, which is stronger than expected from the aviation reduction due to the less favorable meteorology for ice cloud formation. While the April results in 2020 were only slightly reduced, with an average thickness of 70 m thinner than the composite mean of the previous 6 years. Comparing the different years shows that the cirrus cloud occurrence was reduced by about 17 %–30 %, with smaller cloud thicknesses found in 2020 for both months. In addition, the cirrus clouds measured in 2020 possess smaller values of the particle linear depolarization ratio (PLDR) than the previous years at a high significance level for both months, especially at colder temperatures (T<-50 ∘C). The same analyses are extended to the observations over the USA and China. Besides the regional discrimination of cirrus clouds, we reach the final conclusion that cirrus clouds show significant changes in PLDR in both March and April over Europe, no changes in both months over China, and significant changes only in April over the USA.
Evolution of OH reactivity in NO-free volatile organic compound photooxidation investigated by the fully explicit GECKO-A model
Authors: Peng Zhe , Lee-Taylor Julia , Stark Harald , Orlando John J. , Aumont Bernard , Jimenez Jose L. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. OH reactivity (OHR) is an important control on the oxidative capacity in the atmosphere but remains poorly constrained in many environments, such as
remote, rural, and urban atmospheres, as well as laboratory experiment setups under low-NO conditions. For an improved understanding of OHR, its
evolution during oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a major aspect requiring better quantification. We use the fully explicit
Generator of Explicit Chemistry and Kinetics of Organics in the Atmosphere (GECKO-A) model to study the OHR evolution in the NO-free photooxidation
of several VOCs, including decane (an alkane), m-xylene (an aromatic), and isoprene (an alkene). Oxidation progressively produces more saturated and functionalized species. Total organic OHR (including precursor and products, OHRVOC) first increases for decane (as functionalization increases OH rate coefficients) and m-xylene (as much more reactive oxygenated alkenes are formed). For isoprene, C=C bond consumption leads to a rapid drop in OHRVOC before significant production of the first main saturated multifunctional product, i.e., isoprene epoxydiol. The saturated multifunctional species in the oxidation of different precursors have similar average OHRVOC per C atom. The latter oxidation follows a similar course for different precursors, involving fragmentation of multifunctional species to eventual oxidation of C1 and C2 fragments to CO2, leading to a similar evolution of OHRVOC per C atom. An upper limit of the total OH consumption during complete oxidation to CO2 is roughly three per C atom. We also explore the trends in radical recycling ratios. We show that differences in the evolution of OHRVOC between the atmosphere and an environmental chamber, and between the atmosphere and an oxidation flow reactor (OFR), can be substantial, with the former being even larger, but these differences are often smaller than between precursors. The Teflon wall losses of oxygenated VOCs in chambers result in large deviations of OHRVOC from atmospheric conditions, especially for the oxidation of larger precursors, where multifunctional species may suffer substantial wall losses, resulting in significant underestimation of OHRVOC. For OFR, the deviations of OHRVOC evolution from the atmospheric case are mainly due to significant OHR contribution from RO2 and lack of efficient organic photolysis. The former can be avoided by lowering the UV lamp setting in OFR, while the latter is shown to be very difficult to avoid. However, the former may significantly offset the slowdown in fragmentation of multifunctional species due to lack of efficient organic photolysis.
High-resolution inventory to capture glacier disintegration in the Austrian Silvretta
Authors: Fischer Andrea , Schwaizer Gabriele , Seiser Bernd , Helfricht Kay , Stocker-Waldhuber Martin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. A new high-resolution glacier inventory captures the rapid decay
of the glaciers in the Austrian Silvretta for the years 2017 and 2018.
Identifying the glacier outlines offers a wide range of possible
interpretations of glaciers that have evolved into small and now totally
debris-covered cryogenic structures. In previous inventories, a high
proportion of active bare ice allowed a clear delineation of the glacier
margins even by optical imagery. In contrast, in the current state of the
glacier only the patterns and amounts of volume change allow us to estimate
the area of the buried glacier remnants. We mapped the glacier outlines
manually based on lidar elevation models and patterns of volume change at 1
to 0.5 m spatial resolution. The vertical accuracy of the digital elevation models (DEMs) generated
from six to eight lidar points per square metre is of the order of
centimetres. Between 2004/2006 and 2017/2018, the 46 glaciers of the Austrian
Silvretta lost −29 ± 4 % of their area and now cover 13.1 ± 0.4 km2. This is only 32 ± 2 % of their Little Ice Age (LIA) extent of
40.9 ± 4.1 km2. The area change rate increased
from 0.6 %/yr (1969–2002) to −2.4 %/yr (2004/2006–2017/2018). The
Sentinel-2-based glacier inventory of 2018 deviates by just 1 % of the
area. The annual geodetic mass balance referring to the area at the
beginning of the period showed a loss increasing from −0.2 ± 0.1 m w.e./yr (1969–2002) to −0.8 ± 0.1 m w.e./yr (2004/2006–2017/2018)
with an interim peak in 2002–2004/2006 of −1.5 ± 0.7 m w.e./yr. To keep
track of the buried ice and its fate and to distinguish increasing debris
cover from ice loss, we recommend inventory repeat frequencies of 3 to 5 years and surface elevation data with a spatial resolution of 1 m.
КЕДЕРГІЛЕРДІ АНЫҚТАУДЫҢ ЛОКОМОТИВ ЖҮЙЕСІН ӘЗІРЛЕУ
Authors: Чигамбаев Темырбай , Құсман Нұрбол 
Published: October 2021

Бұл мақалада маневрлік жұмысты жүзеге асыру кезінде локомотив машинисі үшін кедергілерді анықтау жүйесін іске асыру мүмкіндігі қарастырылады.
Жобаның мақсаты: кедергілерді автономды анықтау прототипін жасау арқылы автоматтандыруға қосқан үлесі арқылы теміржол көлігінің тиімділігі мен өткізу қабілетін арттыру.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome management with Ayurvedic prospective
Authors: Luharia Monika 
Published: October 2021

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is one of the most serious medical conditions associated with pregnant women, particularly young women, and It is linked to miscarriage, erratic menstrual cycle, and a disturbed body mass index. Disease incidence increases mostly day by day because of undisciplined living style, diet, depression, etc. This leads to both physical and mental disorders of the patient and, if not cared for and treated, can also lead to miscarriage or frequent abortion. PCOD is one of that condition which typically affects second or third decade of life in females. It is important to know thoroughly about this disease as modern science has no root cause cure to treat it even the treatment of modern science implicated leads to severe side effects and dependence on the drugs. PCOD is diagnosed in Ayurveda according to its presentation in so many ways like hetu, lakshana, dosha- dushya, samprapti, associated features of PCOS are closely resembling with vandhya yonivyapada, artava-vahastrotas- viddha lakshana, nastartava and ksheena- artava described by acharya Sushruta and pushpaghni jatharini and vikruta jatharini mentioned by acharya Kashyap.
“CONCEPT OF AGNI AND ITS ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF AMLAPITTA VYADHI : A REVIEW ”
Authors: Dr. Anuja Katkhede  
Published: October 2021

The ancient system of Indian medical science Ayurveda describes various concepts related to physiological functioning and biological response. Agni is considered responsible for the digestive & metabolic functioning of the body. The digestion & assimilation of ingested food performed by the Agni which is very essential process for the growth and development of human body. Ayurveda emphasizes that all the diseases are the result of the weak state of Agni i.e. Mandagni. Improper functioning of Agni leads to various gastrointestinal disorders as well as various metabolic disturbances. Agni offers Arogya, Ayu, Bala, Swasthyam, Varnam, Utsaha, Ojha, Prabha,& Teja to the body which all resembles a healthy physical and mental state. Agni Dusthi is one of the causative factors for many diseases, therefore, Agni play important role towards understanding of disease pathogenesis, disease diagnosis, & setting of the treatment protocol. Amlapitta is a disease which is commonly found in almost all parts of the world. Peculiarities of this disease are, increased prevalence, vast field of manifestation of symptoms, requires prolonged dietetic control, if not treated in proper time, it may create major problems. Amlapitta is one of the commonest Vyadhi of Annavaha Strotas, caused by vitiated Agni. Amlapitta is a condition where Amla Guna of Pachak Pitta increases due to Samata. The main principle of treatment of all diseases as per Ayurveda is to restore and to strengthen the Agni. This article emphasized the conceptual understanding of Agni & its role in the pathogenesis of Amlapitta Vyadhi.