bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work motivation and occupational self-efficacy belief to continue working among ageing home care nurses: a qualitative study with a mixed methods approach
Authors: Wallin Stina , Fjellman-Wiklund Anncristine , Fagerström Lisbeth 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: It is important to support ageing home care nurses (HCNs) to remain in work for longer, since the need for home care services is increasing. Personal resources such as self-efficacy belief contribute to work ability, as does work motivation. Few studies have targeted the ageing workers’ self-efficacy belief to manage their final working years. This study explores ageing HCNs’ work motivation, and occupational self-efficacy, i.e. belief in one’s capabilities, to continue working until expected retirement age. Methods: This exploratory qualitative study, analysed with a mixed methods approach, reports on phase two of a cross-sectional survey. A total of 234 HCNs answered four open-ended questions, regarding their work motivation and self-efficacy beliefs. First, data was analysed using manifest qualitative content analysis. Next, a quantitative analysis was performed based on the results of the qualitative study, and the categories that emerged were quantitatively ranked. Results: The open-ended questions yielded 2339 utterances. The findings showed that several factors concurrently affected both work motivation and self-efficacy belief. When the factors were well-functioning, they positively affected both motivation and self-efficacy belief, and when they were insufficient, they negatively affected either or both motivation and/or belief. Meaningfulness, job satisfaction, social support, and work environmental and organizational characteristics affected work motivation most. Perceived health highly affected the self-efficacy belief to continue working until expected retirement age, as well as meaningfulness of work, support from colleagues and supervisors, and work characteristics. Conclusions: Through highlighting the meaningfulness of work, and supporting the perceived health, the work community and leadership, both work motivation and self-efficacy belief to continue working might be facilitated among ageing HCNs. However, the still present draining workload must be focused.
Alterations in functional connectivity and interactions in resting-state networks in female patients with functional constipation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Yuyao , Li Guanya , Yi Xiaofang , Hu Yang , Tan Zongxin , Jia Zhenzhen , Li Hao , Lv Shuai , von Deneen Karen M. , Zhang Junwang , Duan Shijun , Cui Guangbin , Zhang Yi , Nie Yongzhan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Patients with functional constipation (FCon) have been reported with brain functional abnormalities. The associations between constipation symptoms and brain functional connectivity (FC) in these patients are not well understood. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine FC alterations between resting-state networks (RSNs) and their associations with constipation symptoms in patients with FCon. The investigation of these characteristics might help to reveal the underlying neural mechanisms. Functional MRI with independent component analysis was applied to investigate alterations in FC within and functional network connectivity (FNC) between RSNs including default mode- (DMN), basal ganglia- (BGN), salience- (SN), left and right control executive-network (LCEN/ RCEN) in 39 female patients with FCon and 36 female healthy controls (HC). Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life Scale (PAC-QOL) and Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptom Scale (PAC-SYM) were used to assess the constipation symptoms. Results showed that FCon patients had changed regional FC between different networks contributed to the abnormal FNCs among RSNs compared with HC. Patients with greater stool syndromes had increased FNC of BGN-SN and DMN-LCEN, and patients with greater worries/concerns and PAC-QOL total score had reduced FNC of SN-RCEN. The greater strength changes of FC in prefrontal and in parietal cortices were associated with higher negative emotion scores and greater rectal symptoms respectively. Our functional MRI suggested that FCon patients had altered FC within and interaction between RSNs and the brain FC changes were associated with constipation symptoms and altered emotions.
The Role of the Electrokinetic Charge of Neurotrophis-based Nanocarriers: Protein Distribution, Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in in Vitro Setting
Authors: Dąbkowska Maria , Ulańczyk Zofia , Łuczkowska Karolina , Rogińska Dorota , Sobuś Anna , Wasilewska Monika , Olszewska Maria , Jakubowska Katarzyna , Machaliński Bogusław 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe rational chemical design of nanoparticles can be readily controlled and optimized by quantitatively studying protein adsorption at variously charged polymer carriers, which can determine their fate in biological fluids. We manufactured brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -based electrostatic nanocomplexes with different type of dendrimer core (anionic or cationic), encapsulated or not in polyethylene glycol (PEG), and studied their physicochemical properties and behavior in biological setting. We investigated whether the electrokinetic charge of dendrimer core influences BDNF loading and desorption from the nanoparticle and serves as a determinant of nanoparticles’ behaviour in in vitro setting, influencing mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and general nanoparticles’ cellular toxicity.ResultsWe found that elektrokinetic charge of the dendrimer core influences nanoparticles in terms of BDNF release profile from their surfaces and their effect on cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell phenotype and induction of oxidative stress. The electrostatic interaction of positively charged core of nanoparticles with cell membranes decreases their cytotoxicity, as well as increases serious phenotype alterations in comparison to negatively charged nanoparticles core in neuron-like differentiated human neuroblastoma cell. Moreover, PEG adsorption at nanoparticles with negatively charged core present a distinct decrease in metabolic cell activity. On the contrary, charge neutralization due to PEG adsorption on the surface of nanoparticles with positively charged core does not reduce their cytotoxicity makes them less biocompatible with differentiated cells and presumably show non-specific toxicity.ConclusionsThe surface charge transformation after adsorption of protein or polyelectrolyte during nanocarriers formulation has an important role not only in designing nanomaterials with potent neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties but also in applying them in cellular environment.
MicroRNA-Regulated Ubiquitination and Lipid Metabolism Networks Are Associated With Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Topouza Danai Georgia , Choi Jihoon , Nesdoly Sean , Tarnouskaya Anastasiya , Nicol Christopher J.B. , Duan Qing Ling 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a highly lethal gynecologic cancer, in part due to resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy reported among 20% of patients. This study aims to characterize the biological mechanisms underlying chemotherapy resistance, which remain poorly understood. MethodsSequencing data (mRNA and microRNA) from HGSOC patients were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes and co-expressed transcript networks associated with chemotherapy response. Analyses used datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and were replicated in two independent ovarian cancer cohorts. Moreover, transcript expression datasets and genomics data (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms) were integrated to determine potential regulation of the associated mRNA networks by microRNAs and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs).ResultsWe identified 196 differentially expressed mRNAs enriched for adaptive immunity and translation, and 21 differentially expressed microRNAs associated with angiogenesis. Co-expression network analysis identified two mRNA networks associated with chemotherapy response, which were enriched for ubiquitination and lipid metabolism, as well as three associated microRNA networks enriched for lipoprotein transport and oncogenic pathways. These network modules replicated in two independent ovarian cancer cohorts. Moreover, integrative analyses of the mRNA, microRNA and genomics datasets revealed potential regulation of the mRNA networks by the associated microRNAs and SNPs (i.e. eQTLs). ConclusionsWe report novel transcriptional networks and biological pathways associated with resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy among HGSOC patients. These results improve our understanding of the effector networks and regulators of chemotherapy response, which will help to elucidate novel therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.
Prevalence and Location of Endplate Fracture and Subsidence after Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Inoue Gen , Saito Wataru , Miyagi Masayuki , Imura Takayuki , Shirasawa Eiki , Mimura Yusuke , Kuroda Akiyoshi , Yokozeki Yuji , Akazawa Tsutomu , Nakazawa Toshiyuki , Uchida Kentaro , Takaso Masashi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Recently, Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is commonly indicated to correct the sagittal and coronal alignment in adult spinal deformity (ASD). Endplate fracture during surgery is one of major complication of OLIF, but the detailed location of fracture in vertebral endplate has not yet evaluated in ASD. We conducted this study to evaluate the incidence and location of endplate fracture and subsidence of the OLIF cage, and its impact on fusion status and alignment in ASD surgery.Methods: 75 levels in 27 patients were analyzed using multiplanar CT to detect the endplate fracture immediately after surgery and subsidence at postoperative 1 year. The prevalence was compared between anterior and posterior, approach side and non-approach side, and concave and convex side. Their impact on fusion status, local and global alignment, and complication was also investigated.Results: Endplate fracture was observed in 64 levels (85.3%) in all 27 patients, and the incidence was significantly higher in posterior area compared with anterior area (85.3% vs. 68.0%, p=0.02) of affected vertebra in sagittal plane. On the coronal plane, there was no significant difference in incidence between left (approach) side and right (non-approach) side (77.3% and 81.3%, respectively), or concave and convex side (69.4% and 79.6%) of wedged vertebra. On the other hand, cage subsidence at postoperative one year was noted in 18.7% (14/75 levels), which was not associated with endplate fracture. Fusion status, local and global alignment, or complications were not associated with endplate fracture and subsidence.Conclusion: Endplate fracture during OLIF procedure in ASD cases is hardly avoidable, possibly induced by corrective maneuver with ideal rod counter and cantilever force, but impacts less on subsequent cage subsidence, fusion status, and sustainment of corrected alignment in long fusion surgery performed even for elderly patients.
Nano-Viewpoint in Modeling and Investigation of the D/M/D Transparent-Conductive Layer
Authors: Haidari Gholamhosain 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A transparent-conductive film (TCF) is widely used in various electro-optical devices. The dielectric/metal/dielectric(D/M/D) as one type of TCF has been highly considered due to more advantages, such as the possibility of selecting different materials and engineering other properties. For pre-fabrication design, it is often modeled with a 1D photonic crystal. This model needs to be improved due to the low thickness of the metal layer. This thin metallic layer leads to a nanostructure instead of a uniform layer. In this study, after proper nanostructure modeling, the 3D-FDTD method was used to simulate different optical properties of the structure. The first aspect of the importance of the nanostructured model is to address the serious plasmonic resonant losses. They are associated with the complicated metallic form in D/M/D that is not considered in conventional modeling. The simulation results showed that for Ag, plasmonic loss peaks show a wide distribution over the visible. About Al, these peaks show a more significant distribution at the beginning of the visible spectrum. In both, plasmonic loss behavior tends to red-shift. About optical transition, Al does not offer a notable advantage over Ag. Due to the intense excitation of plasmonic losses when the metal layer has pores, a layer of entirely connected nanoparticles with the least possible thickness can have the desired properties. The increased rough surface of the dielectric layer due to the nanostructured metallic layer was also modeled.
Construction of a Novel Risk Model Based on the Random Forest Algorithm to Distinguish Pancreatic Cancers with Different Prognoses and Immune Microenvironment Features
Authors: Lei Yalan , Tang Rong , Xu Jin , Zhang Bo , Liu Jiang , Liang Chen , Meng Qingcai , Hua Jie , Yu Xianjun , Wang Wei , Shi Si 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Immune-related long noncoding RNAs (irlncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be actively involved in the regulation of immune status. With this study, we aimed to establish a risk model of irlncRNAs and further investigate the roles of irlncRNAs in prognosis prediction and the immune landscape in pancreatic cancer.Methods: The transcriptome profiles and clinical information of pancreatic cancer patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Immune-related genes (irgenes) downloaded from ImmPort were used to screen the lncRNAs by correlation analysis (R>0.5, p<0.001). Random survival forest (RSF) and survival tree analysis showed that 9 irlncRNAs were highly correlated with overall survival (OS) according to the variable importance (VIMP) and the minimal depth. Then, Cox regression was used to establish a risk model with 3 irlncRNAs, which was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. In addition, we performed Cox regression analysis to establish the clinical prognostic model, which showed that the risk score was the only independent prognostic factor (p<0.001). A nomogram was drawn to visualize the clinical features. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and analysis of the correlations between the risk score and immune cells was applied to explore the potential irlncRNAs related to immune status.Results: A total of 176 samples were randomly divided into a training set (n=123) and a test set (n=53). A total of 1903 irlncRNAs were identified after Pearson correlation analysis between irgenes and lncRNAs. A total of 9 irlncRNAs were identified in the survival tree analysis, and 3 irlncRNAs (LINC00462, LINC01887, RP11-706C16.8) were used to establish a risk model. The areas under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for 36 months, 30 months, 24 months, 18 months, 12 months and 6 months were 0.778, 0.774, 0.751, 0.753, 0.780 and 0.756, respectively, with a concordance index (C-index) of 0.696. In the clinical prognostic model, the C-index increased from 0.599 to 0.682 after combining the risk scores. Furthermore, a high risk was associated with increased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, M0 macrophages and M1 macrophages.Conclusions: We established a novel three-irlncRNA risk model. The clinical evaluation showed its robustness in predicting the prognosis and immune landscape of pancreatic cancer.
Hydrogeochemical Variability and Appraisal of Water Quality of Groundwater in Mahoba District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Gupta Dev Sen , Ghosh Parthapratim , Rai Shive Prakash , Tripathi Shashikant 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mahoba district comes under the state of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India which is a part of mighty Bundelkhand Granitic Terrain known for its water debt condition. The region is hard rock terrain having recent alluvium cover of variable thickness relating to slope and level of erosion. Secondary porosity i.e. in the fractures and cracks present hosts the groundwater in the study area. The high water scarcity and poor drinking quality led us to carry our research work in the study area. The water facies analysed shows Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 water types which indicated their compositional source from rock and anthropogenic inputs. Majority of the samples showed dominance of alkaline earths over alkalies and weak acids over stronger counterparts. The correlation coefficients calculated between hydrochemical parameters projects a strong positive correlation of EC and TDS with most of the major ions, including SO42−, NO3−. The excessive fertilizers, unplanned municipal wastes and agricultural wastes resulted to high SO42− and NO3−. High F− showed concentration in various samples may have geogenic sources due to flour-apatite in granitic terrain and Fe found in excess gives unpleasant taste on drinking. The analysed irrigation parameters (% Na, MR, TDS, RSC, SAR, TH, and KI) revealed perfect under permissible quality. Various negative human health issues like indigestion, bone problems, alimentary canal problems have been seen due to excess of SO42−, NO3− and F−). The study reflects the need of immediate preventive measures to improve drinking quality from health alarming ion concentrations and also would help for further management programs.
Determination of Colistin Resistance in Gram-negative Bacteria by Four Phenotypic Assays and Inference of the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Torres Diana Albertos , Seth-Smith Helena M.B. , Jossee Nicole , Lang Claudia , Dubius Oliver , Nüesch-Inderbinen Magdalena , Hinic Vladimira , Egli Adrian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Colistin is used against multi-drug resistant pathogens, yet resistance emerges either through dissemination of plasmid-mediated genes (mcr) or chromosomal mutation of genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis (i.e. mgrB, phoPQ, pmrCAB). Phenotypic susceptibility testing is challenging due to poor diffusion of colistin in agar media, leading to an underestimation of resistance. We aimed to compare the performance of four different phenotypic approaches in the context of different molecular mechanism of resistance. Methods: We compared the performance of Vitek 2® (bioMérieux, AST N242), Colistin MIC Test Strip (Liofilchem Diagnostici), UMIC (Biocentric), and Rapid Polymyxin NP Test (ELITechGroup) against the standard broth microdilution (BDM) method. We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to infer the molecular mechanisms of resistance. A total of 97 Enterobacterales and non-fermenting bacterial isolates were collected from clinical samples during 2016-2017 and tested for colistin susceptibility. Data was analysed by comparing the susceptibility category (susceptible or resistant) and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). We determined diversity of isolates by core genome multi locus sequencing typing (cgMLST) and identified antimicrobial resistance genes using NCBI and CARD databases. Results: Of the 97 clinical isolates, 54 (56%) were resistant by the standard broth microdilution. The highest susceptibility category concordance was achieved by the Rapid Polymyxin NP test (98.8%) followed by UMIC (97.9%), E-test MIC strip (96.9%) and Vitek 2 (95.6%). The highest MIC concordance was achieved by UMIC (80.4%), followed by Vitek 2 (72.5%) and E-test MIC strip (62.9%). Among the resistant isolates, 23/54 (43%) were intrinsically resistant to colistin, whereas 31/54 (57%) isolates had acquired colistin resistance. Of these, mcr-1 was detected in four isolates and mcr-2 in one isolate. Mutations in mgrB, phoQ, pmrA, pmrB, and pmrC genes that led to amino acid changes were encountered in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter bereziniae resistant isolates. Conclusions: The Rapid Polymyxin NP test showed the highest categorical concordance and the UMIC test provided MIC values with a high concordance to the standard method. We found colistin resistance in diverse species occurred predominantly through spontaneous chromosomal mutation rather than plasmid-mediated resistance.
Association of Mean Perfusion Pressure Variability and Short-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Peng Yudie , Wu Buyun , Xing Changying , Mao Huijuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Abnormal blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with various organ injuries, high risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events and mortality. To investigate the association between mean perfusion pressure variability (MPPV) and mortality in critically ill patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), we analyzed data stored in the eICU-CRD database. MPPV was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), average real variability (ARV) and variation independent of the mean (VIM) of the first 24 hours MPP data within the first 72 hours in the first ICU stay. A total of 6049 patients were included. Apart from SD, survivors had significantly lower MPPV in ARV, CV but higher VIM compared with non-survivors. After accounting for confounders, highest MPPV in decile using four measurements were associated with increased risk of hospital mortality compared with those in the fifth and sixth decile. In addition, lowest MPPV with dimension (mmHg) in decile also correlated to an increase in the risk of hospital mortality compared with the fifth and sixth decile. These relationships remained remarkable in the sensitive analyses. Increased MPPV and decreased MPPV with dimension were associated with short-term mortality in critically ill patients.
Experimental Investigation and Bifurcation Set Equation Modeling of Chip-Splitting Catastrophe
Authors: You Qingfa , Xu Mingxian , Zhu Baoyi , Xiong Liangshan , Yin Kai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the methods of designing experiments for observation of the critical conditions of chip-splitting catastrophe (CSC) based on the dichotomy principle and the methodology of modelling CSC with a bifurcation set equation on the basis of catastrophe theory. 355 groups of experiments are carried out for observing critical conditions of CSC in the symmetrical straight double-edged cutting. It is found that the occurrence of CSC is of obvious regularity. Besides, the specific cutting force is reduced by a maximum of 64.68% after CSC. The bifurcation set equation is established, which can predict the critical conditions of CSC in the symmetrical cutting with a straight double-edged tool with any combinations of cutting edge angles and rake angles. With verification, the predicted values of the critical cutting thickness of CSC based on the established equation are in good agreement with experimental values and yield an average absolute prediction error of 5.34%, which is satisfactorily low. This study lays the groundwork for energy-saving optimization of tool structure and process parameters through reasonable utilization of CSC.