bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual structural MRI abnormality indexes are associated with molecular, histological and cognitive indicators for frontal glioma patients
Authors: Zhang Guo-Bin , Huang Hua-Wei , Wang Yong-Gang , Zhang Xiao-Kang , Li Hao-Yi , Duan Yun-Yun , Chen Hong-Yan , Liu Ya-Ou , Jing Bin , Lin Song 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The conventional examination of molecular characteristics for glioma requires surgical removal and could not be used in the surgery planning. The aim is to develop a method previewing glioma malignancy with regular structural MRI images. Methods: 52 glioma patients in frontal lobe (mean age 43.2±9.3 years, 34 male) and 117 healthy controls (mean age 32.6±9.8 years, 83 male) participated in the study. All patients underwent neurocognitive test and molecular examinations, including 1p/19q co-deletion, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promotor methylation. A series of individual structural abnormality indexes based on preoperative structural MRI were proposed and explored the associations with these clinical indicators.Results: Individual structural abnormality maps displayed that bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampus, insula, putamen and thalamus were constantly affected by glioma regardless of the histological grade, tumor hemisphere and molecular status. Higher grade glioma patients suffered more structural abnormalities, especially in the contralateral hemisphere and non-tumor regions. The molecular indicators, including IDH1 mutation, 1p/19q co-deletion, TERT promoter mutations and MGMT promoter methylation, as well as neurocognitive performance were all significantly correlated to individual structural abnormality indexes.Conclusion: Our proposed individual structural abnormality indexes show great potentials to access the glioma pathological, neurocognitive and molecular indicators, which is very helpful for neurosurgeons to determine the personalized treatment strategies.
Air Quality Modeling for Sustainable Clean Environment Using ANFIS and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Taylan Osman , Alkabaa Abdulaziz , Alamoudi Mohammed , Basahel Abdulrahman , Balubaid Mohammad , Andejany Murad , Alidrisi Hisham 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Air quality monitoring and assessment are essential issues for sustainable environmental protection. The monitoring process is composed of data collection, evaluation, and decision making. Several important pollution factors, such as SO2, CO, PM10, O3, NOx, H2S, location, and many others, have detrimental effects on air quality. Air quality cannot be precisely recorded and measured due to the total effect of pollutants that usually cannot be collectively prescribed by a numerical value. Therefore, evolution is required to take into account the complex, poorly defined air quality problems in which several naive and noble modeling approaches are used to evaluate and solve. In this study, hybrid data-driven machine learning, and neuro-fuzzy methods are integrated for estimating the air quality in the urban area for public health concerns. 1771 data are collected during three years for each pollution factor, starting from June 1, 2016, till September 30, 2019. The Back-Propagation Multi-Layer Perceptron (BPMLP) algorithm was employed with the steepest descent approach to reduce the mean square error for training the algorithm of the neuro-fuzzy model. Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) approach was also employed as an optimization method with Artificial neural networks (ANNs) for solving nonlinear least-squares problems in this study. These approaches were evaluated by fuzzy quality charts and compared statistically with the US-EPA air quality standards. Due to the effectiveness and robustness of soft computing intelligent models, the public's early warning will be possible for avoiding the harmful effects of pollution inside the urban areas, which may reduce respiratory and cardiovascular mortalities. Consequently, the stability of air quality models was correlated with the absolute air quality index. The findings showed remarkable performance of ANFIS and ANN-based Air Quality models for High dimensional data assessment.
Evaluation of Hydrogeochemical Processes and Dissolve Ion Chemistry in Satopanth Tal, Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Das Subhrajit , Vasudevan Sivaprakasam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To grasp meltwater chemistry and geochemical processes influencing hydrogeochemistry, major ion chemistry of the glacial lake Satopanth Tal was carried out to provide relevant details on the dissolved ions sources, weathering, and hydrogeochemical processes as well as anthropogenic activities taking place throughout the lake setting. Twenty-one surficial water samples were collected and 12 different physicochemical parameters were analyzed to understand the hydrogeochemistry of the study area. The mean pH value was estimated to be 6.9 in the lake water, which indicates a marginally acidic. The ionic contribution through the organic matter decomposition has been indicated by the observation of dominancy of the total anions over the total cations. The most abundant anion was Cl− in Satopanth Tal, while Ca2+ and Mg2+ were significant cations in the water. The high ratios of (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/TZ+, (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/(Na+ + K+), HCO3̶/(Ca2+ + Mg2+), and the higher Ca+/ Na+, Mg+/ Na+ and HCO3̶/ Na+ ratio indicate the supremacy of the weathering of carbonate as a significant source of dissolved ions in the study area's lake water. The lower equivalent ratios of Na+/Cl− and K+/Cl− are measured and substantially comparable results are observed that have been expected from the Gibbs plot and the stable isotope analysis suggests a reasonably significant contribution to the chemical composition of the Satopanth Tal water by these ions from atmospheric precipitation. The correlation and factor analysis show that water chemistry at Satopanth Tal is primarily influenced by weathering processes such as weathering of carbonate and silicate, pyrite oxidation.
[68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT in the Assessment of Pancreatic Tumors: A Comparison Study
Authors: Liu Qiufang , Shi Si , Xu Xiaoping , Hu Silong , Zhang Ji , Wang Chunmei , Yu Xianjun , Song Shaoli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose Pancreatic tumors are characterized by abundant desmoplasia including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that express fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Gallium-68-labeled fibroblast-activating protein inhibitor (FAPI) is promising probe for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of various types of cancers. This work aims to compare the diagnostic performances of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT in detecting primary pancreatic tumors and metastasis prospectively.Methods We collected patients with pancreatic tumors during May 1 to August 1, 2020. All the patients underwent [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT within 5 days at diagnosis, recurrence detection or therapeutic evaluation. The clinical information, PET/CT image characteristics, maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) value of pancreatic tumors and metastases, target-to-background ratio (TBR) of the liver metastases were collected for analysis. The pathological results or follow-up clinical diagnostic results were obtained. Results A total of 45 patients (18 females and 27 males; median age of 62.4 years; range: 42 - 84 years) were enrolled for analysis, including 37 patients with pancreatic cancers and 8 patients with other types of pancreatic tumors. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT detected abnormal pancreatic uptake in 36 patients (97.30%) with a SUVmax of 14.0 ± 5.4 (range 5.4 to 25.1), while 34 patients (91.89%) with abnormal pancreatic uptake with a SUVmax of 7.6 ± 3.9 (2.9 to 20.4) were detected by [18F]FDG PET/CT. Moreover, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 detected more lymph nodes (LNs) and metastases than [18F]FDG. The SUVmax of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in LNs and TBR of liver metastases was higher than that of [18F]FDG (LNs: 6.1 ± 2.7 vs. 4.4 ± 1.6, TBR: 5.0 ± 3.1 vs. 2.9 ± 1.4 p < 0.0001), respectively. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT successfully unregulated the clinical stage in 2 patients, visualized recurrence in 1 patient, and detected residual active tumor tissues in 2 patients with discordant imaging results (FAPI+/FDG-). In addition, there was nearly no [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 or [18F]FDG uptake in pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Most of neuroendocrine neoplasms showed negligible [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 uptake. Conclusion Compared with [18F]FDG PET/CT, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT detected pancreatic tumors and associated metastases with a higher sensitivity and SUVmax value. However, false-positive uptake of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in pancreatitis, cholangitis, some benign liver disease, and inflammatory LNs was also prominent.
Experiences and Perceptions of Perinatal Depression Among New Immigrant Chinese Parents: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Li Qiao , Xue Wenqing , Gong Wenjie , Quan Xin , Li Quanlei , Xiao Lina , Xu Roman , Caine Eric D. , Poleshuck Ellen L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Immigrant status, acculturation level, race and ethnicity have been found to contribute to the utilization of mental health services in the perinatal period. This study explored perinatal experiences and perceptions among Chinese immigrant mothers and their spouses, as well as the possible barriers and facilitators that affect their health care utilization.Methods: We recruited 13 women ages 18-35 years born in mainland China, living in Rochester, New York, and residing less than five years in the United States, whose primary language was Mandarin Chinese and who had given birth to at least one live infant within the past seven years. Participants’ age was at least 18 years old at the time of delivery. Five spouses also participated. We divided women in two focus groups and held one for men, with data collection including questionnaires and semi-structured focus group interviews conducted in December 2014. Data were analyzed following thematic analysis.Results: Four themes emerged: experiences of perinatal depression; perceptions of perinatal depression; general preventive and coping strategies; and attitude towards mobile health in perinatal period. Participants had limited knowledge of perinatal depression and had difficulty distinguishing between normal perinatal mood fluctuations and more severe symptoms of depression. They discussed immigrant-related stress，conflicts with parents/in-laws while “doing the month”, the perceived gap between the ideal of “perfect moms” and reality, and challenges with parenting as the causes of perinatal depression. Women approved of screening for the condition but were conservative about follow-up interventions. As for the management of perinatal depression, participants preferred to deal with the problem within the family before seeking external help due to potential stigma as well as Chinese traditional culture. However, they were receptive to using mobile health applications to receive information and support.Conclusion: Recent immigrant Chinese parents to the United States had limited knowledge of perinatal depression and did not make full use of mental health services for support due to language and cultural barriers. Future research should explore what interventions may serve as an acceptable approach to overcoming these gaps.Trial registration: Not applicable.
Novel Soliton Molecules and Wave Interactions for A (3+1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Evolutionary Equation
Authors: Tang Xiaoyan , Cui Chao Jie , Liang Zu feng , Ding Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
New wave excitations are revealed for a (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation to enrich nonlinear wave patterns in nonlinear systems. Based on a new variable separation solution with two arbitrary variable separated functions obtained by means of the multilinear variable separation approach, localized excitations of N dromions, N x M lump lattice and N x M ring soliton lattice are explored. Interestingly, it is observed that soliton molecules can be composed of diverse "atoms" such as the dromions, lumps and ring solitons, respectively. Elastic interactions between solitons and soliton molecules are graphically demonstrated.
Structure, Dielectric and Multiferroic Properties&nbsp;of Bi0.85Nd0.15Fe0.98Zr0.02O3 in Ba and Ti Co-Doping
Authors: Zeng Lizhu , Lu Yuming , Zhang Lujia , Gong Xin , Tang Jianfeng , Li Guannan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Multiferroic (1- x)Bi0.85Nd0.15Fe0.98Zr0.02O3- xBaTiO3 (x = 0, 0.275, 0.3, 0.325, 0.35, 0.375, 0.4) ceramics were synthesized by the conventional solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction studies confirm the phase transition from rhombohedral perovskite structure to pseudocubic structure with the introduction of BaTiO3. The results of the refinement indicate the BaTiO3 is successfully doped into the crystal lattice. The microstructure analysis shows that the average grain size increases with the introduction of BaTiO3. An increase in remanant polarization has been achieved at room temperature as the BaTiO3 concentration increasing. A greatly reduced leakage current density of about two orders of magnitude is observed in x = 0.375 (J = 2.4×10− 7 A/cm2) ceramic. The dielectric properties have been enhanced by the addition of BaTiO3, which is attributed to the reduction in Fe2+ ions and oxygen vacancies. Due to the grain effect and structure transition caused by the doping of BaTiO3, the magnetization reveals a slight decrease while the coercive field for x = 0.325 (Hc = 1785.8 Oe) increases to 6.4 times of the undoped ceramic.
Sperm Retrieval Gold Standard Predictors: TXNDC2, PRM1 and PRM2, Joint Molecular Markers Associated With Testis Pathology
Authors: Javadirad seyed-Morteza , Mokhtari Mohammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The necessity of PRM1/2 in male azoospermia has been approved, but the association of TXNDC2 deficiency with the phenotype, sperm retrieval and pathology has not been approved. Here we identified a joint cooperation of TXNDC2 and protamines in evaluating testis pathology and sperm retrieval. Extensive meta-analysis on human arrays of idiopathic, untreated and with unknown cause of azoospermia was done. After several steps of data quality controls, QC passed data were pooled and batch effect corrected. As Redox imbalance has been shown as a two edge sword toward fertility, wet lab studies began with candidated protamination and thioredoxin genes. Logistic regression model of TXNDC2 alongside PRM1 and PRM2 genes was built and collective ROC analysis indicated a sensitivity of 96.8% and specificity of 95.5% with the ROC value of 0.993 (SE=0.0075, 95% CI: 0.978-1.000). In conclusion, TXNDC2, PRM1 and PRM2 in joint, have a robust power to predict sperm retrieval and to correlate with severe pathology of azoospermia.
Overcoming Barriers to the Adoption of Locating Technologies in Dementia Care: A Multi-stakeholder Focus Group Study
Authors: Freiesleben Silka Dawn , Megges Herlind , Herrmann Christina , Wessel Lauri , Peters Oliver 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Locating technologies are a subtype of assistive technology that aim to support persons with dementia by helping manage spatial orientation impairments and provide aid to caregivers by intervening when necessary. Although a variety of locating devices are commercially available, their adoption has remained low in the past years. Several studies have explored barriers to the adoption of assistive technologies from the perspective of professional stakeholders, but in-depth explorations for locating technologies are sparse. Additionally, the inputs of business professionals are lacking. The aim of this study was to expand knowledge on barriers to the adoption of locating technologies from a multi-stakeholder professional perspective, and to explore strategies to optimize adoption.﻿Methods: In total, 22 professionals working in business (n = 7), healthcare (n = 6) and research (n = 9) fields related to gerontology and gerontechnology participated in our focus group study. Perceptions on the value of using locating technologies for dementia care, barriers to their adoption, as well as salient services and information dissemination strategies were explored. After verbatim transcription, transcripts were analysed following an inductive data-driven content analysis approach in MAXQDA.Results: Six key adoption barriers centering on: (1) awareness-, (2) technological-, (3) product characteristic- and (4) capital investment-based limitations, (5) unclear benefits, as well as (6) ethical concerns emerged. The interplay between barriers was high. Five core themes on services and information dissemination strategies centering on: (1) digital autonomy support, (2) emergency support, (3) information dissemination actors, (4) product acquisition, and (5) product advertising were extracted.Conclusions: Our study with interdisciplinary stakeholders expands knowledge on barriers to the adoption of locating technologies for dementia care, and reinforces recommendations that an interdisciplinary strategy is needed to optimize adoption. Also, our findings show that focusing on services to increase digital autonomy and on information dissemination strategies has been largely overlooked and may be particularly effective.
Epidemiology and resource use in Spanish type 2 diabetes patients without previous cardiorenal disease: CaReMe Spain study
Authors: Sicras-Mainar Antoni , Sicras-Navarro Aram , Palacios Beatriz , Sequera Miren , Blanco Julia , Hormigo Antonio , Manito Nicolas , Alcázar-Arroyo Roberto , Botana-Lopez Manuel Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background.To determine baseline characteristics, the first manifestation of cardiovascular or kidney disease (CVKD) and associated resource use in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients during 7 years of follow up. Methods.Observational-retrospective secondary data study using medical records of patients aged ≥18 years with T2DM and without prior CVKD during 2013-2019. The index date was 01/01/2013 (fixed date). The manifestation of CVKD was defined by the first diagnosis of heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or peripheral artery disease (PAD). The main variables were baseline characteristics, manifestation of CVKD, mortality, resource use and costs (health, indirect related). Descriptive analyses and Cox model were applied to the data.Results.26,542 patients were selected (mean age: 66.6 years, women: 47.8%, mean duration of T2DM: 17.1 years). 18.7% (N=4974) developed a first CVKD manifestation during the 7 years [distribution: HF (22.4%), CKD (36.6%), MI (14.5%), stroke (15.3%) and PAD (11.3%)]. Overall mortality was 8.3% (N=2,214). The mortality risk of the group that developed HF or CKD as the first manifestation compared to the CVKD-free cohort was higher [HR: 2.5 (CI95%: 1.8-3.4) and 1.8 (95%CI: 1.4-2,3)], respectively. The cumulative costs per patient of HF (€50,942.8) and CKD (€48,979.2) were higher than MI (€47.343.2) and stroke (€47,070.3) and similar to PAD (€51,240,0) vs. €13,098.9 in patients who did not develop CVKD, p<0.001.Conclusions.In T2DM patients, HF and CKD were the first most common manifestations over the 7 years of follow up and had higher mortality and re-hospitalization rates. HF and CKD were associated with the highest resource use and costs for the Spanish National Health System.
In Vitro Bioactivities&nbsp;of Isoindolin-1-3-Phosophonate Compounds
Authors: Hamdi Naceur , Jellali Hamida , Nasr Ibrahim S. Al , Coco Walid , Khan Tariq A. , Deniou Eric , Sauthier Mathieu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work an efficient synthesis of isoindolin-1-one-3-phosphonates under catalyst- and solvent-free conditions was reported to afford the desired compounds in excellent yields with potent pharmacological properties. The synthetic method involves the preparation of isoindolin-1-one-3-phosphonates by a ‘one-pot’ three-component reaction of 2-formylbenzoic acid with primary amines and dimethyl phosphite under solvent and catalyst free-conditions. All new compounds were characterized by by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR and elemental analysis techniques. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities against gram-positive bacterial strains (Micrococcus luteus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), a gram-negative bacterial strain (Salmonella typhimurium) and a fungus (Candida albicans). Compound 4a was found to be the most active against antimicrobial against L. M. luteus, L. monocytogenes and C. albicans with an inhibition zone of 35, 22 and 38 mm respectively. They were additionally also investigated for their anti-parasitical activities against Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes and Toxoplasma gondii in vitro. The compounds 4a,b are the most active against L. major amastigotes and promastigotes with EC50 < 1 µM. Cytotoxicity investigations of the isoindolin-1-one-3-phosphonates were conducted in two human cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 all the compounds gave anticancer activity < 1.5 µM. We can conclude that 4a is a good drug candidate for all the biological assays, further studies for SAR detection and in vivo evaluation are highly recommended.
Diagnostic Value of High-resolution Ultrasound for the Evaluation of Capsular Distension in Temporomandibular Joint Effusion
Authors: Talmaceanu Daniel , Lavinia  , Csutak Csaba , Bolog Nicolae , Leucuta Daniel , Rotar Horatiu , Tig Ioan , Buduru Smaranda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the increased temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsular thickness, measured by ultrasound (US), is associated with the presence of effusion, diagnosed using MRI imaging.Methods. 102 patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were included in the study. Each patient underwent US and MRI examination, 1 to 7 days following clinical examination. The US was performed with an 8–40 MHz linear transducer operating at 20 MHz. MRI was performed using an 1.5 T MRI device. The ROC curve was analyzed to identify the optimal cut-off value for capsular distention, which can be used as an indirect sign of TMJ effusion.Results. The capsular width values were found to be between 0.7-3.6mm. The best cut-off value was 2.05 mm with sensitivity of 55.9% and specificity of 94.7% (p<0.05). The next optimal cut-off value was 1.75 mm with sensitivity of 67.6% and specificity of 82.4%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.78 (95 % CI 0.68, 0.87). Conclusions. Ultrasound measured capsular width can be used as an indirect sign of TMJ effusion. The most accurate cut-off value obtained in this study was 2.05 mm.