bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of semoer jengki kamaboko from skipjack tuna fish for entrepreneurial products
Authors: Pinto N , Anggraeni A A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Entrepreneurs in the culinary field are becoming popular recently. Culinary products need to be developed with the right methods so that the public prefers them. This study aimed to find the recipe for semoer jengki kamaboko and determine these product’s preference levels. This study used the Research and Development method with 4D procedures, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The control was semur jengkol from jengkol. The product was semoer jengki made from kamaboko. Kamaboko was made from 100% skipjack tuna fish fillets, egg whites, and cornstarch. Kamaboko was molded to resemble jengkol and then stewed. The semoer jengki kamaboko was then served with uduk rice, dried tempeh, fried rice noodle, sliced omelet, and cucumber. The product was evaluated by sensory analysis by trained and semi-trained panelists. Thirty untrained panelists performed the 1-5 scale hedonic test. The data were then analyzed qualitatively and descriptively quantitatively. The hedonic test results showed that the semur jengkol’s average preference was 3.7, and the semoer jengki kamaboko was 4.4. The t-test for color, odor, taste, and overall parameters showed that semur jengkol and semoer jengki Kamaboko were not significantly different. However, the semoer jengki kamaboko texture was preferred to the semur jengkol. This data showed that the semoer jengki kamaboko product was acceptable.
Thermal and Sound Absorption Properties of Porous Epoxy Resin Modified by Organic Silicon
Authors: Gou Xiaobin , Peng Longgui , Wu Siyuan , Du Lifei , He Qirui , Zhao Pu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The organic silicon modified epoxy resin is prepared by the dehydration reaction between diphenyl silicon diol and the hydroxyl group on the epoxy resin, and the foamed material is prepared by the mass ratio NaHCO3:H:OBSH=5:5:3 composite foaming agent. The foams was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric (TG) and standard wave tube method. The results indicate that: The heat resistance of the cured resin of modified resin is better than that of cured epoxy resin, and the sound absorption coefficient of the sample with opening rate of about 54.4% can reach more than 0.8 for high frequency sound waves (>1000 Hz).
Conductive Vanadium Oxynitride Nanoparticle Anchored Carbon Composite as a New Anode for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiaojuan , Wang Bin , Chen Yuanfu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Vanadium oxynitride/vanadium trioxide nanoparticle anchored on carbon (VN0.95O0.07/V2O3@C) was prepared by one step of the annealed mixture of NH4VO3 and dicyandiamide in the inert gas. As a new type of anode material for lithium-ion batteries, VN0.95O0.07/V2O3@C displays a higher specific capacity, excellent cyclic ability and rate capability. VN0.95O0.07/V2O3@C anode presents charge capacity of 800.8 mAh g−1 at the current rate of 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles. Even at high current rate of 1.5 A g−1, VN0.95O0.07/V2O3@C anode electrode shows high initial charge capacity of 379.4 mAh g−1 and the reversible specific capacity of 392.1 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles. The results demonstrate that VN0.95O0.07/V2O3@C based materials will be a promising candidate of anode material for LIBs after further majorization of synthesis and components. This work provides a favorable way to develop high energy and stable electrode materials for Li-ion battery.
Simulating the Safety of Power Transmission Tower Subjected to Strong Wind Loading
Authors: Bai Jinwei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years, with the increase of transmission line height and span, the risks accompanied by transmission towers are significantly increased during the usage of transmission tower. Most of collapsing accidents are caused by strong wind. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the safety of transmission tower. Transmission tower system is a tall building, which is sensitive to the tilt deformation. In order to analyze the mechanical response of transmission tower under strong wind loading, in this paper, the commercial ABAQUS software was employed to create a three-dimensional space model of transmission tower. Firstly, the wind force at different heights of the tower was calculated, and then the wind forces were imposed on each node. By means of finite element method, the deformation of the tower under the strong wind loading was simulated, and its stability was analyzed. Based on the simulated results, the stress field of transmission tower was obtained under strong wind loading. The maximum stress in transmission tower is 189.6 MPa, which is less than the yield strength of steel. The designed transmission power can bear the strong wind of level 10.
Effect of Welding Shielding Gas Composition on the Properties of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding Joint of High Nitrogen Stainless
Authors: Bai Di , Liu Fengde , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the microscopic properties and corrosion behavior of laser-arc hybrid welding joint of high nitrogen steel were studied. The electrochemical characterization of the surface layer of the welded joint under different welding shielding gas composition was obtained from the potentiodynamic polarization curve. The micro-corrosion morphology of different areas in the welded joint was analyzed by SEM, and the hardness distribution of the welded joint was measured by MH series digital hardness tester. The experimental results show that the addition of 5% CO2 in shielding gas can improve the corrosion resistance properly, while the addition of 5% N2 can effectively improve its passivation ability and surface hardness. The weld joint with N2 in the shielding gas own a better transition behavior of the overall hardness distribution.
Study on Changes in Spatial Self-Phase Modulation Pattern of Graphene Dispersion
Authors: Ma Lingyue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Changes in spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) patterns have been studied when a laser beam passes through graphene dispersions and graphene dispersed gel. Interference rings are formed due to spatial self-phase modulation, which is induced by the change of the intensity dependent refractive index of graphene dispersions. The interference pattern of SSPM is found to be distorted rapidly for the graphene dispersions, while no distortion for the graphene dispersed gel. Experimental results show that thermal convection effect plays a dominant role for the distortion of the SSPM pattern. The distorted extent and area of the SSPM pattern depend on the speed and direction of convection in the graphene dispersions. Theoretical analyses have been given for the reason of the SSPM pattern distortion. Convection can effectively change the spatial symmetry distribution of polarized graphene sheets and non-linear refractive index in the beam cross section, thus making the interference rings distortion based on the spatial self - phase modulation.
Influence of Fe Films in the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Li Hui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The metal catalyst plays an important role in the preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In this work, we prepared Fe film catalyst layer by electron beam evaporation method, and studied its influence in the growth process of CNTs by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method via adjusting the thickness of layer, annealing temperature and annealing time. The obtained results demonstrate that the thickness, annealing temperature and annealing time of catalyst layer play significant role in the growth of CNTs. Under the same growth condition, the longest CNTs (about 234μm) can be obtained when the 2nm thick Fe catalyst layer was annealed at 700°C for 10min. These results provide a certain research basis for the related application filed of CNTs.
Review on Seismic Behavior of Precast Bridge Column with Socket Connections
Authors: He Zhenyu , Zhong Tieyi , Fu Guangzhi , Li Hao , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) technology has been widely used due to its many advantages. However, the lack of well-developed and engineering proven connection details have limited the use of prefabricated substructures in seismic zones. The socket connection is one of many different ways of connecting precast substructure, which is characterized by convenient transportation and simple construction. This paper introduces the socket connections of precast bridge columns and reviews it from those aspects including theoretical research, experimental research and research on the application of advanced materials. The socket connection belongs to the emulative monolithic connections, which has good strength and ductility. But there exists a disadvantage of large residual displacement after the earthquake for socket connection. At present, there are many researches on the design of socket connection, but there are few studies on the repair of piers after the earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to study a quick and economic repair method in the future to exert the functionality of bridge structures following earthquake event.
Analysis of the Air Pollution Index and Meteorological Factors and Risk Assessment for Tibet
Authors: Deqing Zhuoga , Tang Shuyi , Ci Ren , Qiong Da 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An analysis and statistical evaluation of the environmental air quality, meteorological conditions, and human health effects were carried out for major cities and towns in Tibet. The study selected PM10, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, O3, and CO atmospheric pollutant monitoring data, a pollutant index, and the air quality index for seven cities and towns in Tibet in the year 2017 and for the Lhasa urban area in the period from June 2000 to December 2017. The data were combined with meteorological elements, namely precipitation, temperature, wind, and total solar radiation, for the same period. Results show that the air quality index is highest in Nag Qu, among of the seven cities and towns, followed by Shigatse, which roughly reflects the characteristics of pollution emissions dominated by biomass fuels in agricultural and pastoral areas of Tibet, a lack of vegetation, strong winds and less rain, and increased particle concentration. These factors affects human health. The six pollutants had higher concentrations in the winter half of the year (November to April) and lower concentrations in the summer half of the year (May to October); i.e., the concentration of pollutants was 38% higher in the winter half of the year. The change trend of the six pollutants has changed over the years; the concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 have increased, the concentration of PM10 has decreased, and the concentrations of O3 and SO2 have not changed appreciably. According to national air quality standards, the percentage number of days with excellent air quality was 22.7%, the percentage number of days with good air quality was 62.7%, the percentage number of days with light pollution was 11.3%, and the percentage number of days with moderate or heavy pollution was 0.6%. Meteorological factors such as precipitation, wind speed, visibility, and total solar radiation affect air pollution.
Improvement of Saline-Alkaline Soil via Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Safety Analysis of the Associated Heavy Metals
Authors: Fu Yanrong , He Kun , Zhou Chunliang , Mao Yumei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) is an effective soil amendment. However, some heavy metals present in FGDG may enter soil or groundwater due to surface rainfall, causing environmental risks. This study used a washing plant to investigate the improvement of saline-alkaline soil via treatment with different mass ratios of FGDG and analyzed the effects of FGDG treatment on the soil physicochemical properties, the distribution characteristics of heavy metals at different soil depths, and the changes in the heavy metal contents of the leachate to explore the migration characteristics of heavy metals and their influence on the groundwater environment. The results showed that an appropriate amount of FGDG could effectively improve the properties of saline-alkaline soil. For example, the soil bulk density decreased significantly, the porosity increased, and the infiltration rate increased by up to 3.42-fold with the addition of FGDG. The contents of exchangeable sodium (EX-Na+) in the soil layers analyzed (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm) decreased by 26.4-40.4%, 16.4-34.4%, and 18.9-40.3%, respectively. After treatment with 6% FGDG, the alkalinity of the soil layers decreased by 67.7%, 61.6%, and 58.2%, respectively, and the pH was close to 7.30. The mass fraction of As in the soil first increased and then decreased with increasing amounts of FGDG, decreasing to the minimum under the treatment with 6% FGDG. The mass fraction of Hg in the soil was positively correlated with the amount of FGDG, while the mass fractions of other heavy metals in the soil layers decreased with increasing amounts of FGDG. The mass fraction of Hg in the leachate was also positively correlated with the amount of F GDG, and the increase in the mass fraction ranged from 0.6 to 30.2% under different treatments. The mass fractions of other heavy metals in the leachate reached the minimum value with the maximum amount of FGDG. The heavy metal contents in the soil conformed to the category 2 limits of the Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB 15618-1995), and the heavy metal contents in the leachate were far lower than the category 3 limits of the Standard for Groundwater Quality (GB14848-2017), indicating that the use of FGDG to treat soil does not pollute groundwater. The results expand the understanding of the safety of FGDG (in terms of the contained heavy metals) for improving saline-alkali soil and provide a reference for further environmental risk assessments when recycling FGDG.
Research on High Precision Angle Measurement and Compensation Technology Based on Circular Grating
Authors: Gao Minghao , Wang Lu , Zhao Fenghao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the angle measurement method of high-precision circular grating is studied. The principle analysis of circular grating angle measurement, the principle analysis of multi reading head, and the design of rotary servo control system are carried out. After analyzing the error model of circular grating angle measurement, the research based on harmonic compensation model is carried out respectively. Aiming at the problem of zero crossing oscillation of compensation algorithm, the piecewise compensation strategy is designed, which fully demonstrates the application value of circular grating angle measurement method in high-precision angle measurement system.
An empirical analysis of the environmental performance of China’s overseas coal plants
Authors: Springer Cecilia Han , Evans Samuel , Teng Fei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
China’s ongoing commitment to overseas infrastructure investment through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has ignited concern over environmental impacts. The BRI’s environmental impacts will be determined by China’s decisions not only on what kinds of projects to fund, but also how those projects end up operating relative to projects without Chinese involvement. It is critical to understand current performance and establish a baseline understanding of the environmental impacts of China’s overseas projects thus far. We examine the environmental performance of coal-fired power plants in Asia in terms of carbon dioxide emissions intensity. Using generating unit-level data and a regression-based analysis, we estimate the comparative emissions intensity of overseas coal plants owned, designed, or constructed, by Chinese and non-Chinese companies. We find that Chinese coal plants tend to have significantly lower emissions intensity than similar non-Chinese coal plants. Given that total emissions rather than relative emissions intensity primarily drive the global warming impact of a plant, we also estimate total annual emissions and committed lifetime emissions of the plants in our dataset. We find that while Chinese plants may have relatively lower emissions intensity, their total emissions will grow as a proportion of the coal plant emissions in Asia over time.
Unprecedented drought in South India and recent water scarcity
Authors: Mishra Vimal , Thirumalai Kaustubh , Jain Sahil , Aadhar Saran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Peninsular Indian agriculture and drinking water availability are critically reliant on seasonal winter rainfall occurring from October to December, associated with the northeastern monsoon (NEM). Over 2016–2018, moderate-to-exceptionally low NEM rainfall gave rise to severe drought conditions over much of southern India and exacerbated water scarcity. The magnitude and dynamics of this drought remain unexplored. Here, we quantify the severity of this event and explore causal mechanisms of drought conditions over South India. Our findings indicate that the 3-year cumulative rainfall totals of NEM rainfall during this event faced a deficit of more than 40%—the driest 3-year period in ∼150 years according to the observational record. We demonstrate that drought conditions linked to the NEM across South India are associated with cool phases in the equatorial Indian and Pacific Oceans. Future changes in these teleconnections will add to the challenges of drought prediction.
Genetic analysis of the homogeneity of soybean varieties by microsatellite loci
Authors: Ramazanova S A , Savichenko V G , Guchetl S Z 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Soybean is the main protein and oil crop in the world. The production of soybeans is increasing every year. The special attention is given to the breeding and seed production of this crop due to its high economic importance. Currently, the morphological characteristics are used to characterize new varieties, applied for a patent. The analysis of polymorphism of the lengths of microsatellite loci (SSR) allows both to identify genotypes exactly and to evaluate genetic homogeneity within a variety. Soybean is a self-pollinating plant species; cross-pollination is extremely rare. The study of the genetic homogeneity of modern varieties of cultivated soybean showed the presence of genetic variability in five of the twenty studied varieties. We observed the heterogeneity of the varieties from one to four DNA SSR loci. We found the maximum level of intravarietal polymorphism in the variety Vilana beta – 46 % by the Soypr1 locus.
Influence of investments and subsidies on the efficiency of agriculture in Russia during the implementation of state programs
Authors: Demichev V V , Maslakova V V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article estimates the dynamics of the real volume of investments and subsidies during the implementation of the national project and state programs of agricultural development in 2008-2012 and 2013-2020. In the regional context, a sharp differentiation in the volume of subsidies is revealed. The dynamics of resource potential and efficiency of agriculture in 2006-2018 was evaluated, confirming the reduction of resource potential in most Russian regions, including arable area, livestock, supply of agricultural machinery, labor resources. Based on the use of panel data, the influence of investments and subsidies on key indicators of agricultural efficiency is determined, as well as the influence of other statistically reliable factors, such as the plowing ratio of agricultural land, available power, application of mineral fertilizers and fodder costs, climate productivity utilization coefficient.
Multi-purpose sowing machine for agricultural crops using various technologies
Authors: Rakhimov R S , Rakhimov I R , Fetisov E O , Khamitov Ya Yu , Dymshakov F I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The variety of soil and climatic conditions, field topography, precipitation, soil type and vegetation cover of various zones of Russia indicates the need to choose the technology and complex of machines for cultivating crops in accordance with the conditions of the farming zone. At the same time, one of the main factors for obtaining high yields of high-quality grain is the method of cultivated crops sowing and the type of coulter used. Depending on the sown area of the farm, the sowing of various crops seeds is carried out by tractors of the 1,4-8 traction class, which requires the development of sowing machines with different capture widths, row spacing and depth of seed embedding in the soil. In this regard, there is a need to develop a design scheme and substantiate the parameters of the sowing machine and its nodes, made of the same type of modules with different working widths, made up into a sectional frame and equipped with a universal sowing section with replaceable anchor, disk, keel, T-shaped and spear coulters for sowing crops cultivated using various technologies. At the same time, the sowing machine should have a low metal consumption, minimal traction resistance and maximum productivity, meeting the agrotechnical requirements for various crops sowing.
Using the principal component analysis to assess some properties of agro-gray soil and bonitet
Authors: Ruchkina A , Ushakov R , Zaharova O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To understand all the structural complexity of soil fertility, one can use the principal component analysis of factor analysis. Factor analysis, with all its shortcomings to identify structural relationships between variables, can be used to understand the complexity of soil fertility, by some assumptions. It can be estimated through bonitet. The work was carried out on the basis of materials from an agrochemical survey of agro-gray soils. Exchangeable acidity, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, humus, the sum of exchangeable bases and bonitet calculated in accordance with them were analyzed. The sample number was 68. Group 0 included bonitet with values less than 90 units and group 1 had bonitet with values more than 90 units. It was found that the contribution of exchangeable acidity and phosphorus to the first main component, which accounted for about 39% of the total dispersion, was maximum and equal to 0.7 and 0.84 units, respectively. Humus and potassium were positively associated with the second component (29% of dispersion) and their contribution was 0.7 and 0.81 units, respectively.
Prospects of phaseolin application as a molecular marker in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding
Authors: Plotnikov K , Ryabinina V , Pashkovsky S , Kolupaev D , Yakubenko O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
During the study, the phaseolin types in 24 bean varieties from the Novosibirsk SAU collection were determined: 20 varieties are of T-type, 2 varieties - S-type. Two varieties showed a type of phaseolin previously undetermined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. It was conditionally designated as N-type by us. Statistical analysis of the relationship of phaseolin type with economic and valuable traits showed a reliable relationship with the mass of 1000 seeds and the number of seeds from the plant. A number of other traits showed evidence of differences uncertainty between phaseolin types. Further research with a large number of varieties is therefore required. In the early stages of the breeding process, however, the phaseolin type can be used in the selection of forms with valuable breeding traits.