bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Spacing and Fertigation on Growth and Yield Parameters of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Protected Cultivation
Authors: Neethu T.M. , Adivappar Nagarajappa , Srinivasa V. , Girijesh G.K. 
Published: January 2021

Background: French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important and widely grown leguminous vegetable. The area under this crop in protected cultivation is increasing due to its high yield and remunerative price. There is scanty of information on pacing and nutrients for fertigation under protected cultivation. Hence the experiment was carried out to determine the effect of spacing and fertigation on growth and yield parameters in French bean under naturally ventilated polyhouse during Kharif 2018 at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Navile, Shivamogga. Methods: The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. There were 18 treatment combinations comprised of three different spacing treatments and six fertigation treatments. Result: Among all the treatments significantly highest number of primary branches (8.70) and secondary branches (8.50) at 45 days after sowing (DAS), number of pods plant-1 (220.20), pod length (20.66 cm), pod girth (2.95 cm) and pod weight (17.69g) were recorded in the treatment combination with 60 × 75cm with 44:70:53 kg ha-1 + mulching + micronutrient spray. The least number of primary branches (4.27), secondary branches (4.50), number of pods plant-1 (160.33), pod length (15.61cm), pod girth (1.75 cm) and pod weight (13.88g) were observed in the treatment combination with 60 × 45 cm spacing with 33:52.5:39.75 kg of N:P:K kg ha-1. The higher plant height at 45 DAS (480.50 cm) and yield (13.06 t) for 1000 m-2 was found in treatment combination 60 × 45cm with 44:70:53 kg ha-1 + mulching + micronutrient spray (S3T4). It was concluded from the study that, the closer spacing (60 × 45cm) with the combination of 44:70:53 kg ha-1 (N:P:K), mulching and micronutrient spray resulted in higher pod yield (13.06 t) 1000m-2.
A Focus on Congestive Heart Failure-Related Patient Education After Open Heart Surgery: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Briggs Preston 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAfter open heart surgery patients often develop symptoms associated with congestive heart failure (CHF), or fluid volume overload. To prevent heart failure–related symptoms in the postoperative period patients must be educated on heart failure self-care.ObjectiveTo decrease the percentage of postoperative open heart surgical patients with CHF-related questions and concerns from 44% to 30% by March 2020.MethodsA cardiac surgery educational booklet and an educational electronic health record template were identified to guide a CHF educational pathway. Intensive care staff nurses provided patient education after surgery. PDSA cycles were performed in succession to roll out the quality improvement (QI) initiative.ResultsOf patients experiencing postoperative issues, 44% of patients developed symptoms or concerns related to heart failure. Upon implementation of the CHF-focused pathway 15% of patients were exhibiting symptoms or concerns related to CHF, out of all patients with postoperative issues.ConclusionsCHF, and fluid volume overload continues to be a difficult pathology requiring close management and follow up. After open heart surgery, providing concise, CHF-focused education results in reduced CHF-related patient concerns after discharge.Implications for NursingBy providing a disease-focused patient education nurses can reduce the complications that patients develop after an inpatient hospital.
Provider Adherence to Prescribing Guidelines for Statin Therapy
Authors: Cornwell Sarah , Curry Kim 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major contributor to nationwide morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs in the United States. Over 92 million adults have at least one form of ASCVD, and annual costs for treatment are anticipated to surpass one trillion dollars within the next 15 years.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the medication therapy of a population of adults in comparison to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) recommendations for statin therapy for ASCVD risk reduction.MethodsThe adult population receiving care from a group of hospital outpatient clinics was examined using a database query. Rates of ASCVD in a multicounty area were compared and provider adherence to current guidelines was assessed.ResultsRural counties showed higher rates of ASCVD. Rates of statin medication prescribing for patients of each ACC/AHA statin benefit group ranged from 66.2% to 74.8%.Conclusions and Implications for Nurse PractitionersAdherence to guidelines varied among counties and optimal adherence was not achieved. Providers were also more likely to prescribe statin medications to men than women within each group regardless of risk. These findings can assist nurse practitioners and other providers in addressing areas of nonadherence to guidelines.
A Game Changer: Adult-Geriatric Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Fellowship for the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Scaglione Karen , Loyd Vanessa 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundNurse practitioner (NP) fellowship programs assist the novice NP in transitioning to advanced practice while emphasizing building confidence and competence. The Veteran's Health Administration (VHA) offers an NP primary care fellowship program. The purpose of this project was to develop an acute care transition to practice fellowship program at a Midwestern VHA hospital.ObjectiveTo provide an acute care fellowship to facilitate with transition into advanced practice while increasing confidence and competence in the novice NP.MethodsA prospective, descriptive design utilizing a convenience sample of senior adult-geriatric nurse practitioner (AGNP) students during a pilot study of an acute care fellowship program. Outcome measures included evaluation of skills interpreting electrocardiograms (ECG), chest x-rays (CXR), and self-reported confidence in performing these skills over the initial 6-week period of the 12-month program.ResultsThere were three participants (N = 3, 100%). There was a 33% increase in self-reported confidence of readiness to practice at completion of the pilot. However, ECG scores decreased 66% and CXR interpretation scores decreased 33%.ConclusionThe novice NP may benefit from an NP fellowship program.Implications for NursingDespite training and targeted clinical experiences in ECG and CXR interpretations during an acute care fellowship, competence in these skills decreased while self-reported confidence increased at the end of 6 weeks. Continued education and training throughout the 12-month program is recommended to increase the novice NP's competence in these skills while transitioning to their new role.
Multiplex and On-site PCR detection of swine diseases based on the microfluidic chip system
Authors: Jiang Yan , Jiang Shan , Wu Yue , Zhou Bin , Wang Kaiming , Jiang Luyan , Long Yunfeng , Chen Gan , Zeng Dexin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: At present, the process of inspection and quarantine starts with sampling at the customs port, continues with transporting the samples to the central laboratory for inspection experiments, and ends with the inspected results being fed back to the port. This process had the risks of degradation of biological samples and generation of pathogenic microorganisms and did not meet the rapid on-site detection demand because it took a rather long time. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a rapid and high-throughput detection assay of pathogenic microorganisms at the customs port. The aim of this study was to develop a microfluidic chip to rapidly detect swine pathogenic microorganisms with high-throughput and higher accuracy. Moreover, this chip will decrease the risk of spreading infection during transportation.Results: A series of experiments were performed to establish a microfluidic chip. The resulting data showed that the positive nucleic acid of four swine viruses were detected by using a portable and rapid microfluidic PCR system, which could achieve a on-site real-time quantitative PCR detection. Furthermore, the detection results of eight clinical samples were obtained within an hour. The detection limit of this microfluidic PCR detection system was as low as 1 copies/μL. The results showed that the high sensitivity and specificity of this chip system in disease detection played an important role in customs inspection and quarantine during customs clearance.Conclusion: The microfluidic PCR detection system established in this study could meet the requirement for rapid detection of samples at the customs port. This chip could avoid the risky process of transporting the samples from the sampling site to the testing lab, and drastically reduce the inspection cycle. Moreover, it would enable parallel inspections on one chip, which greatly raised the efficiency of inspection.
Build a Bioinformatic Analysis Platform and Apply it to Routine Analysis of Microbial Genomics and Comparative Genomics
Authors: Liu Hualin , Xin Bingyue , Zheng Jinshui , Zhong Hao , Yu Yun , Peng Donghai , Sun Ming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
More and more frequently, genomics and comparative genomics have been used as routine methods for general microbiological research. However, using several tools or even writing some scripts are required for completing a simple analysis, which is complicated for most biological researchers. To simplify the operation process, particularly for the convenience of microbiologists, here we have developed PGCGAP, a comprehensive, malleable, and easily installed prokaryotic genomic and comparative genomic analysis pipeline. PGCGAP implements genome assembly, gene prediction and annotation, genome and metagenome distance estimation, phylogenetic analysis, COG annotation, pan-genome analysis, inference of orthologous gene groups, variant calling and annotation, and screening for antimicrobial and virulence genes. Although we have tried our best to simplify the installation and usage of PGCGAP, it may be difficult for non-bioinformaticians to master it. Therefore, a protocol was created to help microbiologists without any experience in bioinformatics to establish their bioinformatics platform and perform routine analyses. This protocol shows how to choose the equipment to install a Linux subsystem on a laptop with a Windows 10 system, to install the PGCGAP and perform all analyses with an example dataset. The protocol requires a basic understanding of Linux, so an additional web page was written to help uninitiated users learn Linux and whole-genome sequencing (https://github.com/liaochenlanruo/pgcgap/wiki/Learning-bioinformatics or http://bcam.hzau.edu.cn/linuxwgs.php).
Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives on Screening and Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Public Hospitals of South India – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sahu Biswamitra , Babu Giridhara R , Gurav Kaveri Siddappa , Karthik Maithili , Deepa R , Lobo Eunice , John Daisy A , Oakley Laura , Oteng-Ntim E , Nadal Iliatha Papachristou , Kinra Sanjay 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWomen developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) are subsequently at a higher risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes later in life. Screening and effective management of women with GDM are essential in preventing progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to explore the perspectives of healthcare providers regarding the barriers from the health system context that restrict the timely screening and effective management of GDM.MethodsWe conducted six in-depth interviews of health care providers- four with nurses and two with obstetricians in the public hospitals in India's major city (Bengaluru). The interviews were conducted in the preferred language of the participants (Kannada for nurses, English for the obstetricians) and audio-recorded. All Kannada interviews were transcribed and translated into English for analysis. The primary data were analyzed using the grounded theory approach by NVivo 12 plus. The findings are put into perspective using the socio-ecological model.ResultsHealth care providers identified delayed visits to public hospitals and stress on household-level responsibilities as barriers at the individual level for GDM screening. Also, migration of pregnant women to their natal homes during first pregnancy is a cultural barrier in addition to health system barriers such as unmet nurse training needs, long waiting hours, uneven power dynamics, lack of follow-up, resource scarcity, and lack of supportive oversight. The barriers for GDM management included non-reporting women to follow - up visits, irregular self-monitoring of drug and blood sugar, trained staff shortage, ineffective tracking, and lack of standardized protocol.ConclusionThere is a pressing need to develop and improve existing GDM Screening and Management services to tackle the growing burden of GDM in public hospitals of India.
A Global Roll-out of Nationally Relevant Policies Bridges the Emissions Gap
Authors: Soest Heleen van , Reis Lara Aleluia , Baptista Luiz Bernardo , Bertram Christoph , Després Jacques , Drouet Laurent , Elzen Michel , Fragkos Panagiotis , Fricko Oliver , Fujimori Shinichiro , Grant Neil , Harmsen Mathijs , Iyer Gokul , Keramidas Kimon , Köberle Alexandre , Kriegler Elmar , Malik Aman , Mittal Shivika , Oshiro Ken , Riahi Keywan , Roelfsema Mark , Ruijven Bastiaan van , Schaeffer Roberto , Herran Diego Silva , Tavoni Massimo , Unlu Gamze , Vandyck Toon , Vuuren Detlef van 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Closing the remaining emissions gap between Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the global emissions levels needed to achieve the Paris Agreement’s climate goals will likely require a comprehensive package of policy measures. National and sectoral policies can help fill the gap, but success stories in one country cannot be automatically replicated in other countries, but need to be adapted to the local context. Here, we develop a new Bridge scenario based on nationally relevant measures informed by interactions with country experts. We implement this scenario with an ensemble of global integrated assessment models (IAMs). We show that a global roll-out of these good practice policies closes the emissions gap between current NDCs and a cost-optimal well below 2 °C scenario by two thirds by 2030 and more than fully by 2050, while being less disruptive than a scenario that delays cost-optimal mitigation to 2030. The Bridge scenario leads to a scale-up of renewable energy (reaching 50%-85% of global electricity supply by 2050), electrification of end-uses, efficiency improvements in energy demand sectors, and enhanced afforestation and reforestation. Our analysis suggests that early action via good-practice policies is less costly than a delay in global climate cooperation.
Detecting authorities that manipulate public procurement
Authors: Tas Bedri 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Manipulative authorities can bunch tenders just below thresholds to implement noncompetitive procurement practices in public procurement. Here, I use regression discontinuity manipulation tests to identify this bunching manipulation scheme. I investigate the European Union public procurement data set that covers more than two million contracts. The results show that 10-13% of the examined authorities have high probabilities of bunching manipulation. I study the impact of manipulation by authorities on public procurement. I find that manipulative authorities are less likely to employ competitive procurement procedures. Local firms are more likely to win contracts from a manipulative authority. The bunching scheme increases the probability that the same firm wins contracts repeatedly. Empirical results suggest that policy makers can effectively employ regression discontinuity tests to determine manipulative authorities.
Stereospecific Hydroformylation of 1-Substituted Cyclopent-3-en-1-ols: A Concise Access to Bridged [2, 2, 1] Bicyclic Lactones With A Quaternary Stereocenter
Authors: Li Shuailong , Li Zhuangxing , Li Mingzheng , He Lin , Zhang Xumu , Lv Hui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An efficient method for enantioselective construction of bridged [2, 2, 1] bicyclic lactones bearing a quaternary stereocenter was achieved by Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation /intramolecular cyclization/PCC oxidation. By employing a hybrid phosphine-phosphite chiral ligand, a series of cyclopent-3-en-1-ols were transformed into their corresponding y-hydroxyl aldehydes with specific syn-selectivity, then hemiacetal formed in situ and oxidized by PCC in one-pot, affording bridged [2,2,1] bicyclic lactones in high yields and excellent enantiomeric excess. Replacing the hydroxyl group by an ester group, cyclopentanecarbaldehydes with a chiral all-carbon quaternary stereocenter in the γ-position can be generated efficiently. Gram-scale reaction and several transformations to corresponding amide, alcohol and acid demonstrated the practical value of this methodology.
Optimization of the Flow Conditions in the Spawning Grounds of the Chinese Sturgeon (Acipenser Sinensis) Through Gezhouba Dam Generating Units
Authors: Huang Anyang , Yao Jinzhong , Zhu Jiazhi , Gao Xingchen , Jiang Wei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) is a critically endangered species, and waters downstream from Gezhouba Dam are the only known spawning grounds. To optimize the velocity conditions in the spawning grounds by controlling the opening mode of Gezhouba Dam generator units, a mathematical model of Chinese sturgeon spawning grounds was established in FLOW-3D. The model was evaluated with velocity measurements, and the results was determined to be in good agreement. By inverting the 2016-2019 field monitoring results, the model shows that the preferred velocity range for Chinese sturgeon spawning is 0.6-1.5 m/s. Velocity fields of different opening modes of the generator units were simulated with identical discharge. The suitable-velocity area was maximal when all units of Dajiang Plant of Gezhouba Dam were open. For discharges below 12000 m3/s, most of the area was suitable; for discharges above 12000 m3/s, the suitable area rapidly decreased with increasing discharge. A comparison of suitable areas under high-flow showed that at discharges of 12000~15000 m3/s, opening 11~13 units on the left side was optimal. For discharges above 15000 m3/s, all units should be open. We used these results to recommend a new operation scheme to support the conservation of Chinese sturgeon.
Interaction Between Coxsackievirus B3 Infection and α-Synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Park Soo Jin , Jin Uram , Park Sang Myun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disease. PD is pathologically characterized by the death of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of intracellular protein inclusions called Lewy bodies or Lewy neurites. The major component of Lewy bodies is α-synuclein (α-syn). Prion-like propagation of α-syn has emerged as a novel mechanism in the progression of PD. Targeting this mechanism could enable the development of disease-modifying therapies for patients with PD. Nevertheless, the initial triggers of LB formation leading to acceleration of the process remain elusive.MethodsTo evaluate α-syn function in viral replication, we infected coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) to α-syn overexpressed neurons or α-syn transgenic (TG) mice. We then performed biochemical and histological analyses to evaluate interaction between CVB3 and α-syn in Lewy body formation.ResultsWe demonstrated that CVB3 infection can induce α-syn-associated inclusion body formation in neurons as a trigger. The inclusion bodies contained clustered organelles, including damaged mitochondria with α-syn fibrils. α-Syn overexpression accelerated inclusion body formation and induced more concentric inclusion bodies. In brains from CVB3 infected mice, α-syn aggregates in the cell body of midbrain neurons were observed. Additionally, α-syn overexpression favored CVB3 replication and related cytotoxicity. α-Syn transgenic mice had a low survival rate, enhanced CVB3 replication, and further neuronal cell death, including dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. These results may be due to the different usage of autophagy between CVB3 and α-syn. ConclusionsThis study elucidated the mechanism of Lewy body formation and the pathogenesis of PD associated with CVB3 infection.
Prevalence of Under Nutrition and its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Konso District, Southern Ethiopia: Community Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: GELEBO DEYGANTO , GEBREMICHAEL MATHEWOS , ASALE GISTANE , BERBADA DESSALEGN 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Under nutrition during pregnancy is an important public health problem. It is highly prevalent in Ethiopia but not sufficiently addressed yet. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of under nutrition and its associated factors among pregnant mothers in Konso district, Ethiopia. Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted with qualitative inquiry study from December 2018 to January 2019. A multistage stratified sampling technique was used to select 527 subjects. Quantitative data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire. The qualitative data were generated through two focus group discussions among purposely selected discussants. Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was measured by standard non stretchable MUAC tape. Data were entered into Epi-data version3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 21. In multivariable binary logistic regression statistically significant association was declared at p-value < 0.05 while thematic framework analysis was employed for the qualitative data. Results: Among 501 participants, the overall prevalence of under nutrition was 43.11% (95% CI 38.76%-47.47%). Family food insecurity (AOR = 3.1; 95%CI: 2.1-4.6), low dietary diversity score (AOR = 4.9; 95%CI: 2.6-9.2), medium dietary diversity score (AOR = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.2-4.7), absence of latrine (AOR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.2-2.6) and having family resource decision making by husband only (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1-2.6) were significantly associated factors. Traditional believes to restrict food such as egg, milk and milk products, avocado for women, weak nutrition education and malnutrition screening program, daily consumption of locally prepared alcoholic drink called ”Cheka”, draught prone nature of this setting, 2 traditional way of farming practices and low socioeconomic status were found to be barriers for women"s under nutrition. Conclusions: The prevalence of under nutrition was found to be higher than previously reported findings. Food security, dietary diversity, latrine availability, family resource decision making, food restrictions, weak maternal nutrition education and malnutrition screening program, practice of depending on local alcoholic drink called “Cheka”, draught, traditional way of farming and low socioeconomic status were identified factors. Hence, interventions targeting maternal nutrition education, hygiene and sanitation promotion, house hold food insecurity improvement strategies should be implemented to improve nutritional status of pregnant women.