bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE CURRENT STATE OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Fayzrakhmanov Dzhaudat , Valiev Ayrat , Ziganshin Bulat , Subaeva Asiya , Zalaltdinov Marat 
Published: August 2021

The level of providing the population with livestock products at the expense of their own production largely depends on the development of grain production, which is an important strategic component of the country's food security. Achieving this goal is possible only with the stable functioning of the entire agricultural sector, the main direction of which is to increase the volume of grain production and increase the economic efficiency of its organization and management. Grain farming is the basis of agricultural production, which has a decisive influence on the development of all its branches.
In connection with the above, the analysis of the state of grain production in the Russian Federation in the conditions of transition to export-oriented production becomes relevant. In this connection, the analysis of the sown areas of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories, in the context of the main categories of farms of the Russian Federation, was carried out. In addition, a study of the yield of grain and leguminous crops in the context of the main categories of farms of the Russian Federation was conducted, all this allowed us to state that the intensive development of grain production for the period from 2016 to 2020. it became possible due to a change in the structure of sown areas, an increase in the yield of grain and leguminous crops. Thus, in the main category of grain producers, the gross harvest increased by 8.1 %, amounting to 93.2 thousand tons. in peasant (farm) farms, the volume of grain production increased by 17.7 % or from 33.47 to 39.41 million tons. In the households of the population, the gross grain harvest was distinguished by a downward trend – from 1023 thousand tons to 858 thousand tons, or by 16.1 % compared to the level of the base year
Soliton based χ(2) combs in high-Q optical microresonators
Authors: Smirnov S. , Andryushkov V. , Podivilov E. , Sturman B. , Breunig I. 
Published: August 2021

Investigations of the frequency combs in χ(3) microresonators have passed a critical point when the soliton based regimes are well established and realized on different platforms. For χ(2) microresonators, where the first harmonic (FH) and second harmonic (SH) envelopes are coupled via the SH generation and optical parametric oscillation, the comb-soliton studies are just starting. Here we report on a vast accessible dual χ(2) soliton-comb family in high-Q microresonators with the SH and FH combs centered at the pump frequency ω
p
and its half ω
p
/2. Vicinity of the point of equal FH and SH group velocities λ
c
, available via proper radial poling, is found to be the most advantageous for the generation of spectrally broad dual FH-SH combs. Our predictions as applied to lithium niobate resonators include the dependence of comb and dissipative soliton parameters on the pump power, the deviation λ
p
− λ
c
, the modal quality factors and frequency detunings, and the necessary parameters of radial poling of the resonator. These predictions form a solid basis for the realization of χ(2) frequency combs.
Supercontinuum generation from a quasi-stationary doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Ning Chengxiao , Feng Xi , Heng Jiaxing , Zhang Zhaowei 
Published: August 2021

We report a novel, to the best of our knowledge, quasi-stationary operation-state in a femtosecond doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO). At high pump rates, a doubly resonant OPO (DRO) could evolve into a nonstationary state, and we demonstrate that through an averaging procedure, most of the power fluctuations could be suppressed, resulting in a quasi-stationary output. Moreover, the quasi-stationary DRO could be configured to generate broadband supercontinuum, with a bandwidth only limited by the parametric gain bandwidth of the nonlinear crystal. Experimentally, from a DRO based on a 3-mm-long MgO: PPLN crystal, we generated a supercontinuum with a

−

20

d
B

bandwidth of 86.9 THz, covering 1.54–2.78 µm. This indeed opens up new opportunities for generating light emission with an ultra-wide bandwidth at various wavelength regions.
Coagulation disorders in patients with severe hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Valade Sandrine , Joly Bérangère S. , Veyradier Agnès , Fadlallah Jehane , Zafrani Lara , Lemiale Virginie , Launois Amélie , Stepanian Alain , Galicier Lionel , Fieschi Claire , Mirouse Adrien , Tudesq Jean Jacques , Lepretre Anne-Claire , Azoulay Elie , Darmon Michael , Mariotte Eric 
Published: August 2021

Background
Coagulation disorders are common in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), associated with an increased risk of bleeding and death. We aim to investigate coagulation disorders and their outcome implications in critically ill patients with HLH.

Methods
We prospectively evaluated 47 critically ill patients with HLH (median age of 54 years [42–67]) between April 2015 and December 2018. Coagulation assessments were performed at day 1. Abnormal standard coagulation was defined as prothrombin time (PT) <50% and/or fibrinogen <2g/L. HLH aetiology was mostly ascribed to haematological malignancies (74% of patients).

Results
Coagulation disorders and severe bleeding events were frequent, occurring in 30 (64%) and 11 (23%) patients respectively. At day 1, median fibrinogen level was 2∙65g/L [1.61–5.66]. Fibrinolytic activity was high as suggested by increased median levels of D-dimers, fibrin monomers, PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor) and tPA (tissue plasminogen activator). Forty-one (91%) patients had a decreased ADAMTS13 activity (A Disintegrin-like And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin type 1 repeats, member 13). By multivariable analysis, the occurrence of a severe bleeding (OR 3.215 [1.194–8.653], p = 0∙021) and SOFA score (Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment) at day 1 (OR 1.305 per point [1.146–1.485], p<0∙001) were independently associated with hospital mortality. No early biological marker was associated with severe bleeding.

Conclusions
Hyperfibrinolysis may be the primary mechanism responsible for hypofibrinogenemia and may also participate in ADAMTS13 degradation. Targeting the plasmin system appears as a promising approach in severe HLH-related coagulation disorders.
Patterns of mental health problems before and after easing COVID-19 restrictions: Evidence from a 105248-subject survey in general population in China
Authors: Jiang Depeng , Chen Jian , Liu Yixiu , Lin Jing , Liu Kun , Chen Haizhu , Jiang Xuejing , Zhang Yingjie , Chen Xuan , Cui Binglin , Jiang Shaoping , Jiang Jianchang , Zhang Hua , Hu Huiyi , Li Chendong , Li Wenjuan , Li E. , Pan Hui 
Published: August 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has alarming implications for individual and population level mental health. Although the future of COVID-19 is unknown at present, more countries or regions start to ease restrictions. The findings from this study have provided the empirical evidence of prevalence and patterns of mental disorders in Chinese general population before and after easing most COVID-19 restrictions, and information of the factors associated with these patterns.

Methods
A cross-sectional population-based online survey was carried out from February to March 2020 in the general population across all provinces in China. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was incorporated in the survey. Latent class analyses were performed to investigate the patterns of mental disorders and multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine how individual and regional risk factors can predict mental disorder patterns.

Results
Four distinctive patterns of mental health were revealed in the general population. After the ease of most COVID-19 restrictions, the prevalence of high risk of mental disorders decreased from 25.8% to 20.9% and prevalence of being high risk of unhappiness and loss of confidence decreased from 10.1% to 8.1%. However, the prevalence of stressed, social dysfunction and unhappy were consistently high before and after easing restrictions. Several regional factors, such as case mortality rate and healthcare resources, were associated with mental health status. Of note, healthcare workers were less likely to have mental disorders, compared to other professionals and students.

Conclusions
The dynamic management of mental health and psychosocial well-being is as important as that of physical health both before and after the ease of COVID-19 restrictions. Our findings may help in mental health interventions in other countries and regions while easing COVID-19 restrictions.
Cancer burden in Nepal, 1990–2017: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Shrestha Gambhir , Thakur Rahul Kumar , Singh Rajshree , Mulmi Rashmi , Shrestha Abha , Pradhan Pranil Man Singh 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionCancer is the second leading cause of death and a major public health problem in the world. This study reports the trend and burden of cancer from 1990 to 2017 along with its risk factors in Nepal.MethodsThis study used the database of the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s Global Burden of Diseases on cancer from Nepal to describe the most recent data available (2017) and trends by age, gender, and year from 1990 to 2017. The data are described as incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and percentage change.ResultsIn 2017, the age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality rates were 101.8/100,000 and 86.6/100,000 respectively in Nepal. Cancer contributed to 10% of total deaths and 5.6% of total DALYs in Nepal. The most common cancers were the breast, lung, cervical, stomach and oral cavity cancers. The number of new cancer cases and deaths in Nepal have increased from 1990 to 2017 by 92% and 95% respectively. On the other hand, age-standardized incidence and mortality rates decreased by 5% and 7% respectively. The leading risk factors of cancer were tobacco use, dietary factors, unsafe sex, air pollution, drug use, and physical inactivity.ConclusionsThis study highlighted the burden of cancer in Nepal, contributing to a significant number of new cancer cases, deaths and DALY. A comprehensive approach including prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, and rehabilitation should be urgently taken to reduce the burden of cancer.
In-hospital mortality among immunosuppressed patients with COVID-19: Analysis from a national cohort in Spain
Authors: Suárez-García Inés , Perales-Fraile Isabel , González-García Andrés , Muñoz-Blanco Arturo , Manzano Luis , Fabregate Martín , Díez-Manglano Jesús , Aizpuru Eva Fonseca , Fernández Francisco Arnalich , García Alejandra García , Gómez-Huelgas Ricardo , Ramos-Rincón José-Manuel ,   on behalf of SEMI-COVID-19 Network
Published: August 2021

BackgroundWhether immunosuppressed (IS) patients have a worse prognosis of COVID-19 compared to non-IS patients is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcome of IS patients hospitalized with COVID-19 compared to non-IS patients.MethodsWe designed a retrospective cohort study. We included all patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a large multicentre national cohort in Spain, from March 27thuntil June 19th, 2020. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of in-hospital death among IS compared to non-IS patients.ResultsAmong 13 206 included patients, 2 111 (16.0%) were IS. A total of 166 (1.3%) patients had solid organ (SO) transplant, 1081 (8.2%) had SO neoplasia, 332 (2.5%) had hematologic neoplasia, and 570 (4.3%), 183 (1.4%) and 394 (3.0%) were receiving systemic steroids, biological treatments, and immunosuppressors, respectively. Compared to non-IS patients, the aOR (95% CI) for in-hospital death was 1.60 (1.43–1.79) for all IS patients, 1.39 (1.18–1.63) for patients with SO cancer, 2.31 (1.76–3.03) for patients with haematological cancer and 3.12 (2.23–4.36) for patients with SO transplant. The aOR (95% CI) for death for patients who were receiving systemic steroids, biological treatments and immunosuppressors compared to non-IS patients were 2.16 (1.80–2.61), 1.97 (1.33–2.91) and 2.06 (1.64–2.60), respectively. IS patients had a higher odds than non-IS patients of in-hospital acute respiratory distress syndrome, heart failure, myocarditis, thromboembolic disease and multiorgan failure.ConclusionsIS patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have a higher odds of in-hospital complications and death compared to non-IS patients.
Seasonal influenza during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Akhtar Zubair , Chowdhury Fahmida , Rahman Mahmudur , Ghosh Probir Kumar , Ahmmed Md. Kaousar , Islam Md Ariful , Mott Joshua A. , Davis William 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
During the 2019 novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, limited data from several countries suggested reduced seasonal influenza viruses’ circulation. This was due to community mitigation measures implemented to control the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We used sentinel surveillance data to identify changes in the 2020 influenza season compared with previous seasons in Bangladesh.

Methods
We used hospital-based influenza surveillance (HBIS) data of Bangladesh that are generated year-round and are population-representative severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) data for all age groups from seven public and two private tertiary care level hospitals data from 2016 to 2019. We applied the moving epidemic method (MEM) by using R language (v4.0.3), and MEM web applications (v2.14) on influenza-positive rates of SARI cases collected weekly to estimate an average seasonal influenza curve and establish epidemic thresholds.

Results
The 2016–2019 average season started on epi week 18 (95% CI: 15–25) and lasted 12.5 weeks (95% CI: 12–14 weeks) until week 30.5. The 2020 influenza season started on epi week 36 and ended at epi week 41, lasting for only five weeks. Therefore, influenza epidemic started 18 weeks later, was 7.5 weeks shorter, and was less intense than the average epidemic of the four previous years. The 2020 influenza season started on the same week when COVID-19 control measures were halted, and 13 weeks after the measures were relaxed.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that seasonal influenza circulation in Bangladesh was delayed and less intense in 2020 than in previous years. Community mitigation measures may have contributed to this reduction of seasonal influenza transmission. These findings contribute to a limited but growing body of evidence that influenza seasons were altered globally in 2020.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of measurement properties of objective structured clinical examinations used in physical therapy licensure and a structured review of licensure practices in countries with well-developed regulation systems
Authors: Bobos Pavlos , Pouliopoulou Dimitra V. , Harriss Alexandra , Sadi Jackie , Rushton Alison , MacDermid Joy C. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a commonly used tool internationally to assess clinical competency. Physical therapy (PT) licensure processes vary internationally. The OSCE is the tool used in Canada to assess clinical competency for PT graduates seeking licensure. Previous studies that examined the measurement properties of OSCEs present contradictory results.ObjectivesThe first objective was to investigate the reliability and validity of OSCEs when administered to PTs during their education or as part of a licensure process. The second objective was to conduct a structured review to report PT educational and licensing components and policies in 17 countries with well-developed PT regulation systems.MethodsAn electronic search was performed in four databases from inception to 31stMarch 2021 to identify relevant articles. Two reviewers performed the critical appraisal of the included studies using a validated quality assessment tool. We deployed a random effects meta-analysis on reliability and validity estimates of OSCEs and examined sources of heterogeneity with univariate meta-regressions. We searched websites of professional regulatory bodies and associations for data on educational and licencing components and policies. Educational and licensing components across countries were synthesized descriptively.ResultsA pooled estimate of Cronbach’s alpha of 0.55, (95% CI: 0.41, 0.67) was determined for OSCEs. The pooled estimate of Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) between assessors was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.83). The pooled estimate of Pearson Correlation between multiple OSCE stations’ scores was 0.27 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.39); and between each station score and the total score was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.79). The pooled estimates for kappa Coefficients were 0.75 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.86) and 0.84, (95% CI: 0.72, 0.91) for intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the standardised patient respectively. From the 17 included countries, Canada (excluding Quebec) was the only country that required both a clinical and written competency exam following graduation from an accredited PT program. Two countries (USA, UAE) required a written competency exam. The remaining 14 countries did not require an additional competency examination after completion of degree requirements from an accredited program.ConclusionsWe found weak evidence that OSCE examinations items are internally consistent when used to assess PTs. Canada (excluding Quebec) is the only country out of 17 implementing a national clinical competency examination for their PT graduates to achieve licensure after completing professional degree requirements.
Spectral Characters: Genre and Materiality on the Modern Stage, Sarah Balkin (2019)
Authors: Schweitzer Marlis 
Published: August 2021

Review of: Spectral Characters: Genre and Materiality on the Modern Stage, Sarah Balkin (2019)
Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 198 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-47213-148-8, h/bk, $65
SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIC VEGETABLES (EVIDENCE ON SMES IN MALANG CITY)
Authors: Fauzi Irsyad , Aprilia Anisa , Dewi Heptari Elita 
Published: August 2021

The role of supply chain management strategies in the organic vegetable business is to createcompetitiveness by prioritizing fulfillment of consumer demand appropriately. One of the companiesengaged in the organic vegetable business in Malang City is Abang Sayur Organik (ABS) SMEs. Theorganic broccoli commodity is a superior product from ABS SMEs which continues supplied to retailand manufacture. Common problems that occur in the organic broccoli supply chain are fluctuations indemand and mismatches in the quality of products shipped. Measurement of supply chain performanceis needed to answer the existing problem. This study aims to describe the condition of supply chainmanagement and measure the performance of organic vegetable supply chains in ABS SMEs. The dataused are primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed to all ABS organic broccoli supply chainactors. Supply chain performance measurement uses the benchmark score method of Supply ChainOperation Reference (SCOR) performance indicators that include reliability, responsiveness, agility,costs, and assets with a value classification of parity, advantage, and superior. The results showed thatsupply chain actors involved were suppliers, distributors, manufacturers, retailers, and consumers.Measurement of Perfect Order Fulfillment performance indicators at the position of advantage at the supplier level and superior at the distributor level to retail. The value of Order Fulfillment Cycle Timeand flexibility are superior at each actor, while the value of inventory days of supply at the supplier,distributor and manufacturing level is at a position of advantage but at the retail level at a superiorposition. Cash To Cash Cycle Time value is superior position in each supply chain actor, but for theTotal Supply Chain Management Cost value in each organic broccoli supply chain actor is in a gap-parity position
The touch-screen generation: Trends in Dutch parents’ perceptions of young children’s media use from 2012–2018
Authors: Nikken Peter 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Based on a time-lag model, this study tested for changes in young children’s (1–6 years) home access and use of digital media in the 2012–2018 period as well as in their parents’ views on such media. What it found was that in only a few years the digital devices available to children have become more mobile (tablets and smartphones), more accessible, and more numerous in these children’s bedrooms, especially in single-parent households. Also, on average children have strongly increased their daily media use—up to 102 minutes. This is especially true for both younger children (3 years or less, plus 30 minutes) and children in middle to highly educated households (plus 25 minutes). Our findings support the complementary media adoption theory more than the displacement theory. Over the years parents have tended more and more to use digital media as ‘babysitters’, while they also found it increasingly difficult to stop their children from using such media, which may have major implications for parenting support activities.
The extracellular region of bovine milk butyrophilin exhibits closer structural similarity to human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein than to immunological BTN family receptors
Authors: Eichinger Andreas , Neumaier Irmgard , Skerra Arne 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Bovine butyrophilin (BTN1A1) is an abundant type I transmembrane glycoprotein exposed on the surface of milk fat globules. We have solved the crystal structure of its extracellular region via multiple wavelength anomalous dispersion after incorporation of selenomethionine into the bacterially produced protein. The butyrophilin ectodomain exhibits two subdomains with immunoglobulin fold, each comprising a β-sandwich with a central disulfide bridge as well as one N-linked glycosylation. The fifth Cys residue at position 193 is unpaired and prone to forming disulfide crosslinks. The apparent lack of a ligand-binding site or receptor activity suggests a function predominantly as hydrophilic coat protein to prevent coagulation of the milk fat droplets. While there is less structural resemblance to members of the human butyrophilin family such as BTN3A, which play a role as immune receptors, the N-terminal bovine butyrophilin subdomain shows surprising similarity to the human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, a protein exposed on the surface of myelin sheaths. Thus, our study lends structural support to earlier hypotheses of a correlation between the consumption of cow milk and prevalence of neurological autoimmune diseases and may offer guidance for the breeding of cattle strains that express modified butyrophilin showing less immunological cross-reactivity.