bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Korrelieren Stahlpreise und Stahlbaupreise? Eine statistische Untersuchung
Authors: Fischer Diana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEntwicklungen globalen Ausmaßes wirken sich scheinbar automatisch auf die Stahlbranche aus und führen dort zu überraschenden Anstiegen der Stahlpreise. Viele erinnern sich noch an die Preisrallye 2008, während der der Preis für Stahlprodukte innerhalb weniger Monate um über 50 % angestiegen ist. Und auch jetzt häufen sich wieder die Zeitungsartikel, in denen von steigenden Schrott‐ und Stahlpreisen berichtet wird. Der Stahlbau gilt – mal wieder – als schwer kalkulierbar. Aber stimmt es wirklich, dass die steigenden Rohstoffpreise automatisch auch zu höheren Stahlpreisen und insbesondere auch zu höheren Baupreisen führen? Eine detaillierte statistische Analyse entlang der Wertschöpfungskette „Stahlbau“ zeigt, dass Stahlpreise und Stahlbaupreise nicht wirklich korrelieren.
Self‐Sustained Marangoni Flows Driven by Chemical Reactions**
Authors: Nguindjel Anne‐Déborah C. , Korevaar Peter A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOut‐of‐equilibrium chemical systems, comprising reaction networks and molecular self‐assembly pathways, rely on the delivery of reagents. Rather than via external flow, diffusion or convection, we aim at self‐sustained reagent delivery. Therefore, we explore how the coupling of Marangoni flow with chemical reactions can generate self‐sustained flows, driven by said chemical reactions, and – in turn – sustained by the delivery of reagents for this reaction. We combine a photoacid generator with a pH‐responsive surfactant, such that local UV exposure decreases the pH, increases the surface tension, and triggers the emergence of a Marangoni flow. We study the impact of reagent concentrations and identify threshold conditions at which flow can emerge. Surprisingly, we unraveled an antagonistic influence of the reagents on key features of the flow such as velocity and duration, and rationalize these findings via a kinetic model. Our study displays the potential of reaction‐driven flow to establish autonomous control in fuel delivery of out‐of‐equilibrium systems.
Vaginal stimulation enhances ovulation of queen ovaries treated using a combination of eCG and hCG
Authors: Yoshimura Naoaki , Taniguchi Masayasu , Terazono Tsukasa , Ono Tetsushi , Takagi Mitsuhiro , Sato Yoko , Hirata Maki , Tanihara Fuminori , Otoi Takeshige 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollicular changes throughout the oestrous phase have been poorly documented in queens because of the location and the small size of ovaries. We investigated follicular development in queens treated with a combination of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and evaluated the effects of vaginal stimulation by a tomcat on ovulation induction. A hormonal treatment was administered using a simple crossover design. Four queens were administered 150 IU of eCG (day 1) and 250 IU of hCG on day 5 and 6. Half of the queens were mated with a vasectomised tomcat for 3 days after hCG injection. Ultrasound imaging of the ovaries clamped at a subcutaneous site was performed once a day from day 1 to 7, and on day 13, and the serum concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone were examined on day 1, 5, 7 and 13. The mean number of follicles gradually increased with the eCG treatment and decreased after hCG injection. The ovulation rate of follicles was significantly higher in the vaginal stimulation group (70.0%) than in the control group (42.6%). During the hormonal treatments, the serum concentration of oestradiol and progesterone did not differ between the two groups. Ultrasound imaging of the ovaries clamped at a subcutaneous site showed that eCG and hCG treatment promoted the follicular growth and corpus luteum formation, respectively. The combination of hCG injection with vaginal stimulation by a vasectomised tomcat enhanced the ovulation rate of follicles.
Is the ecosystem approach effective in transboundary water systems: Central Asia as a case study?
Authors: Xie Lei , Ibrahim Imad Antoine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the context of international environmental law and International Water Law (IWL), the Ecosystem Approach (EA) has become a source of heated debate. In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the negative impacts that human activities have on freshwater ecosystems. Accordingly, the protection of such ecosystems has been identified as integral to ensuring the good governance of water resources. This article reviews key areas of research around the conceptualization and application of EA. First, we adopt a holistic approach to the concept of EA when applied to existing environmental challenges, before exploring the issues that arise when applying EA to water‐based ecosystems. Next, we assess the effectiveness of implementing EA in the management of environmental issues linked to transboundary water contexts. Our findings indicate that International Environmental Law, which applies a sector‐specific approach, poses challenges for the instrumental implementation of EA because the latter requires a holistic approach to resource management. Furthermore, in transboundary water contexts the competing needs of river‐basin countries are also identified as key factors complicating the implementation of EA. The article concludes with recommendations for policy makers and scholars.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water (WBAA) > Water Governance
Making sense of mRNA landscapes: Translation control in neurodevelopment
Authors: Park Yongkyu , Page Nicholas , Salamon Iva , Li Diana , Rasin Mladen‐Roko 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLike all other parts of the central nervous system, the mammalian neocortex undergoes temporally ordered set of developmental events, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, cellular identity, synaptogenesis, connectivity formation, and plasticity changes. These neurodevelopmental mechanisms have been characterized by studies focused on transcriptional control. Recent findings, however, have shown that the spatiotemporal regulation of post‐transcriptional steps like alternative splicing, mRNA traffic/localization, mRNA stability/decay, and finally repression/derepression of protein synthesis (mRNA translation) have become just as central to the neurodevelopment as transcriptional control. A number of dynamic players act post‐transcriptionally in the neocortex to regulate these steps, as RNA binding proteins (RBPs), ribosomal proteins (RPs), long non‐coding RNAs, and/or microRNA. Remarkably, mutations in these post‐transcriptional regulators have been associated with neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, inherited, or often co‐morbid disorders, such as microcephaly, autism, epilepsy, intellectual disability, white matter diseases, Rett‐syndrome like phenotype, spinocerebellar ataxia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here, we focus on the current state, advanced methodologies and pitfalls of this exciting and upcoming field of RNA metabolism with vast potential in understanding fundamental neurodevelopmental processes and pathologies.This article is categorized under:
Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
Finger printing the presence of extra scalars in the h → Vff′ forward-backward asymmetry
Authors: Ilisie Victor 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work we analyse the forward-backward asymmetry of the h → V f f′ decay in the Aligned two-Higgs Doublet Model. The Standard Model prediction for this asymmetry for V = W is small, as it suffers from Yukawa suppression and is absent for V = Z. This does not necessarily have to hold true in the Aligned model where these contributions can in principle be re-enhanced through the independent alignment factors ςf. In this analysis we conclude that, due to the additional contributions corresponding to the Aligned two-Higgs Doublet Model together with extra sources of CP-violation for the V = Z channel, the Standard Model predictions can be significantly modified in a great region of the parameter space. These deviations, that could be potentially measured at the High Luminosity LHC or future Higgs factories, would be a clear signal of new physics, and would shed new light on the possible extensions of the Standard Model and new sources of CP-violation.
Completing the eclectic flavor scheme of the ℤ2 orbifold
Authors: Baur Alexander , Kade Moritz , Nilles Hans Peter , Ramos-Sánchez Saúl , Vaudrevange Patrick K. S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present a detailed analysis of the eclectic flavor structure of the two-dimensional ℤ2 orbifold with its two unconstrained moduli T and U as well as SL(2, ℤ)T× SL(2, ℤ)U modular symmetry. This provides a thorough understanding of mirror symmetry as well as the R-symmetries that appear as a consequence of the automorphy factors of modular transformations. It leads to a complete picture of local flavor unification in the (T, U) modulus landscape. In view of applications towards the flavor structure of particle physics models, we are led to top-down constructions with high predictive power. The first reason is the very limited availability of flavor representations of twisted matter fields as well as their (fixed) modular weights. This is followed by severe restrictions from traditional and (finite) modular flavor symmetries, mirror symmetry, $$ \mathcal{CP} $$
CP
and R-symmetries on the superpotential and Kähler potential of the theory.
Geophysical Challenges for Future Satellite Gravity Missions: Assessing the Impact of MOCASS Mission
Authors: Pivetta T. , Braitenberg C. , Barbolla D. F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe GRACE/GRACE-FO satellites have observed large scale mass changes, contributing to the mass budget calculation of the hydro-and cryosphere. The scale of the observable mass changes must be in the order of 300 km or bigger to be resolved. Smaller scale glaciers and hydrologic basins significantly contribute to the closure of the water mass balance, but are not detected with the present spatial resolution of the satellite. The challenge of future satellite gravity missions is to fill this gap, providing higher temporal and spatial resolution. We assess the impact of a geodetic satellite mission carrying on board a cold atom interferometric gradiometer (MOCASS: Mass Observation with Cold Atom Sensors in Space) on the resolution of simulated geophysical phenomena, considering mass changes in the hydrosphere and cryosphere. Moreover, we consider mass redistributions due to seamounts and tectonic movements, belonging to the solid earth processes. The MOCASS type satellite is able to recover 50% smaller deglaciation rates over a mountain range as the High Mountains of Asia compared to GRACE, and to detect the mass of 60% of the cumulative number of glaciers, an improvement respect to GRACE which detects less than 20% in the same area. For seamounts a significantly smaller mass eruption could be detected with respect to GRACE, reaching a level of mass detection of a submarine basalt eruption of 1.6 109 m3. This mass corresponds to the eruption of Mount Saint Helens. The simulations demonstrate that a MOCASS type mission would significantly improve the resolution of mass changes respect to existing geodetic satellite missions.
The Cayley transform of the generator of a polynomially stable $$C_0$$-semigroup
Authors: Wakaiki Masashi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the decay rate of the Cayley transform of the generator of a polynomially stable $$C_0$$

C
0

-semigroup. To estimate the decay rate of the Cayley transform, we develop an integral condition on resolvents for polynomial stability. Using this integral condition, we relate polynomial stability to Lyapunov equations. We also study robustness of polynomial stability for a certain class of structured perturbations.
Queens of the inquiline social parasite Acromyrmex insinuator can join nest-founding queens of its host, the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex echinatior
Authors: Howe J. , Schiøtt M. , Boomsma J. J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQueens of the inquiline social parasite Acromyrmex insinuator are known to infiltrate mature colonies of Acromyrmex echinatior and to exploit the host’s perennial workforce by producing predominantly reproductive individuals while suppressing host reproduction. Here we report three cases of an A. insinuator queen having joined an incipient colony of A. echinatior that contained only the founding host-queen and her small symbiotic fungus garden. We conjectured that 1:1 host-inquiline co-founding—a phenomenon that has only rarely been reported in ants—may imply that the presence of an A. insinuator queen may incur benefits to the host by increasing survival of its incipient colonies. We observed that the parasite queens neither foraged nor defended the nest against intruders. However, the parasite queens interacted with the host and fungus in a way that could be consistent with grooming and/or with contributing eggs. These observations may help explain why A. insinuator queens have maintained metapleural glands, even though they are smaller than those of host queens, and why A. insinuator has lost the large foraging worker caste but not the small worker caste.
Prevalence, incidence and bothersomeness of urinary incontinence between 6 weeks and 1 year post-partum: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Moossdorff-Steinhauser Heidi F. A. , Berghmans Bary C. M. , Spaanderman Marc E. A. , Bols Esther M. J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common complaint for post-partum women. Reported prevalence and incidence figures show a large range due to varying study methodology. The crude prevalence of post-partum UI may differ when accounting for bother. Precise prevalence and incidence figures on (bothersome) UI are of relevance for health care providers, research planning, and policy makers. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence and incidence of UI in post-partum women in the Western world for relevant subgroups and assessed experienced bother in relation to UI.

Methods
Observational studies, published between January 1998 and March 2020 and reporting on prevalence and incidence between 6 weeks and 1 year post-partum, were included, regardless of type of UI or setting. We used a random effects model with subgroup analyses for post-partum period, parity and subtype of UI.

Results
The mean (weighted) prevalence based on 24 included studies, containing a total of 35.064 women, was 31.0%. After an initial drop in prevalence at 3 months post-partum, prevalence rises up to nearly the same level as in the third trimester of pregnancy at 1 year post-partum (32%). Stress UI (54%) is the most prevalent type. UI prevalence is equal among primi- and multiparous women. Experienced bother of UI is heterogeneously assessed and reported to be mild to moderate.

Conclusions
Post-partum UI is highly prevalent in women in the Western world. After an initial drop it rises again at 1 year post-partum. Experienced bother is mild to moderate.
Cross-presentation of a TAP-independent signal peptide induces CD8 T immunity to escaped cancers but necessitates anchor replacement
Authors: Marijt Koen A. , Griffioen Lisa , Blijleven Laura , van der Burg Sjoerd. H. , van Hall Thorbald 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCancer cells frequently display defects in their antigen-processing pathway and thereby evade CD8 T cell immunity. We described a novel category of cancer antigens, named TEIPP, that emerge on cancers with functional loss of the peptide pump TAP. TEIPPs are non-mutated neoantigens despite their ‘self’ origin by virtue of their absence on normal tissues. Here, we describe the development of a synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccine for the most immunogenic TEIPP antigen identified thus far, derived from the TAP-independent LRPAP1 signal sequence. LRPAP121–30-specific CD8 T cells were present in blood of all tested healthy donors as well as patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma. SLPs with natural flanking, however, failed to be cross-presented by monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Since the C-terminus of LRPAP121–30is an unconventional and weakly binding serine (S), we investigated if replacement of this anchor would result in efficient cross-presentation. Exchange into a valine (V) resulted in higher HLA-A2 binding affinity and enhanced T cell stimulation. Importantly, CD8 T cells isolated using the V-variant were able to bind tetramers with the natural S-variant and respond to TAP-deficient cancer cells. A functional screen with an array of N-terminal and C-terminal extended SLPs pointed at the 24-mer V-SLP, elongated at the N-terminus, as most optimal vaccine candidate. This SLP was efficiently cross-presented and consistently induced a strong polyclonal LRPAP121–30-specific CD8 T cells from the endogenous T cell repertoire. Thus, we designed a TEIPP SLP vaccine from the LRPAP1 signal sequence ready for validation in clinical trials.
Traumatic Abdominal Wall Hernia–A Series of 12 Patients and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Alhadeedi Omar , Gruner Laurent , Lasseur Antoinette , Monneuse Olivier 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) is strongly associated with blunt abdominal trauma. The importance of the CT scan cannot be underestimated—the diagnosis of TAWH is easy to miss clinically, but simple to spot radiologically. We report a case series of patients managed in a French‐level one trauma centre, to contribute our experience in the detection and management of associated injuries, and of the hernia itself.MethodsAll patients (n = 4238) presenting to a single‐level one trauma centre for trauma resuscitation (including systematic full‐body computerised tomography) from November 2014 to February 2020 were screened for the presence of TAWH and prospectively added to our database. Particular attention was paid to the late detection of associated intra‐abdominal injuries. Finally, the choice of management of the hernia itself was noted. A literature review of all case series and individual case reports until the time of writing was performed and summarised.ResultsWe report 12 cases of TAWH amongst 4238 patients presenting to the trauma resuscitation bay between November 2014 and February 2020. All patients underwent a contrast‐enhanced CT immediately after stabilisation. No patients had clinically detected TAWH prior to CT. Intra‐abdominal injuries were found in 9 patients (75%), and urgent surgery was required in 7 patients (58.3%). Two (28.5%) of these seven patients had a missed diagnosis of intra‐abdominal injury at the time of the index CT scan, although the TAWH had been detected. Based on our literature review, 271 patients across 12 case series were identified. In total, 183 (67;5%) of these patients were reported to have ≥ 1 associated intra‐abdominal injuries. In total, 127 (46,8%) patients required an urgent laparotomy for management of these injuries. Five (3.9%) of the patients requiring urgent laparotomy had a missed CT diagnosis of intra‐abdominal injury but not of TAWH at the time of the baseline CT.ConclusionsTAWH is a rare clinical entity that may alert to more significant, associated trauma lesions. The CT scan is the imaging modality of choice, to both diagnose and classify the hernia and to screen for other injuries. The presence of TAWH must lower the threshold to operatively explore or at least closely monitor these patients, in view of the high rate of false‐negative findings at index imaging.
Mind your head: two cases of mucosal metastasis of BRAF-mutated melanoma of the scalp
Authors: Koppes S. A. , Schrader A. M. R. , Jansen A. M. L. , Rijken J. A. , Kamphuis A. M. , Blokx W. A. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMucosal melanomas are rare and only a small portion bear BRAF mutations while cutaneous melanomas have a much higher prevalence and often harbor BRAF mutations. We present two cases in which, after a malignant melanocytic mucosal lesion with a BRAF mutation was found, the primary cutaneous source was identified and clonality confirmed between the lesions. In both cases, primary lesions occurred on the scalp, an often-overlooked site. Both lesions showed signs of regression implying that in due time these lesions could have been fully regressed and might never have been detected. In that case, the metastatic mucosal lesion would erroneously be identified as a BRAF-mutated mucosal melanoma. These cases give warrant; a careful dermatological inspection should be instigated when confronted with a BRAF-mutated mucosal melanoma. We hypothesize that some BRAF-mutated mucosal melanomas might actually represent metastases of regressed cutaneous melanomas.
The emerging role of small RNAs in ovule development, a kind of magic
Authors: Petrella Rosanna , Cucinotta Mara , Mendes Marta A. , Underwood Charles J. , Colombo Lucia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn plants, small RNAs have been recognized as key genetic and epigenetic regulators of development. Small RNAs are usually 20 to 30 nucleotides in length and they control, in a sequence specific manner, the transcriptional or post-transcriptional expression of genes. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the most recent findings about the function of small RNAs in ovule development, including megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis, both in sexual and apomictic plants. We discuss recent studies on the role of miRNAs, siRNAs and trans-acting RNAs (ta-siRNAs) in early female germline differentiation. The mechanistic complexity and unique regulatory features are reviewed, and possible directions for future research are provided.
Self-critical Rumination and Associated Metacognitions as Mediators of the Relationship Between Perfectionism and Self-esteem
Authors: Fearn Monica , Marino Claudia , Spada Marcantonio M. , Kolubinski Daniel C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPast research has shown that perfectionism, can negatively impact self-esteem. However, the mediating factors that explain this relationship remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate whether specific cognitive processes, namely, self-critical rumination and associated metacognitions, mediate this relationship. An opportunity sample of 347 participants completed a battery of online questionnaires measuring clinical perfectionism, self-critical rumination, metacognitions about self-critical rumination, self-esteem, and levels of psychological distress. Several hypotheses were tested to examine the associations between the study variables. Following this, a path analysis was used to determine whether the influence of perfectionistic concerns and perfectionistic striving on self-esteem is mediated by positive metacognitions about self-critical rumination, self-critical rumination, and negative metacognitions about self-critical rumination, serially. Positive metacognitions about self-critical rumination, self-critical rumination, and negative metacognitions about self-critical rumination partially mediated the relationship between perfectionistic concerns and self-esteem and fully mediated the relationship between perfectionistic striving and self-esteem. These results point towards possible interventions for those who struggle with low self-esteem due to their perfectionistic tendencies. Further investigations should explore additional factors that help to explain why perfectionism impacts self-esteem levels, whilst also addressing the limitations of this current research.