bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiling the New Zealand police physical appraisal test
Authors: Orr Robin Marc , Canetti Elisa , Movshovich Jason , Lockie Robert , Dawes Jay , Schram Ben 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe aims of this study were to evaluate fitness levels in a cohort of police trainees and compare these results to other police trainees and the general population.Design/methodology/approachRetrospective data for 274 male and 152 female police trainees were supplied. Measures included height, body mass and physical appraisal test (PAT; 2.4 km run, vertical jump, push-ups and grip strength) results, assessed twice, prior to commencement of training, separated by several months. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to analyze non-parametric initial and final PAT scores and Mann–WhineyUtests were used to determine variance between groups.FindingsMale trainees were significantly quicker in the run (−12%,p < 0.001), completed more push-ups (+74%,p < 0.001) with greater grip strength (+52% left and +50% right,p < 0.001) when compared to female trainees. Following the second PAT assessment, the significant differences between male and female trainees remained (p < 0.001). Only female trainee 2.4 km run times improved significantly between initial and final PAT (−4%,p = 0.002).Originality/valueWhen compared to the general population from which they were drawn and to other law enforcement trainees, the police trainees in this study were quicker, more powerful and stronger. While there was no loss of fitness between initial and final PAT performance, a conditioning program, spanning the periods between initial and final PAT may be of benefit to increase fitness prior to training commencement especially for female trainees who were generally less fit than, yet must complete the same training as, male trainees.
Effect of friction stir welding tool profiles on mechanical properties of dissimilar welded aluminum alloy plates
Authors: Nadikudi Bhanodaya Kiran Babu 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe main purpose of the present work is to study the effect of tool pin profiles on mechanical properties of welded plates made with two different aluminium alloy plates.Design/methodology/approachThe welded plates were fabricated with the three different kinds of pin profiled tools such as taper cylindrical, taper threaded cylindrical and stepped cylindrical pin profiles. Tensile properties of welded plates were evaluated using tensile testing machine at room temperature. Microstructures studies were carried out using scanning electron microscope.FindingsTensile properties were improved with the use of taper threaded cylindrical pin tool in friction stir welding process when compared with taper cylindrical and stepped cylindrical pin tools. This is due to refinement of grains and mixing of plasticized material occurred with generation of sufficient heat with the taper threaded pin tool. Through these studies, it was confirmed that friction stir welding can be used to weld Al6061 and Al2014 aluminium alloy plates.Research limitations/implicationsIn the present study, the friction stir welding is performed with constant process parameters such as tool rotational speed of 900 rpm, transverse speed of 24 mm/min and tilt angle of 1°.Practical implicationsAluminium alloys are widely using in automotive and aerospace industries due to holding a high strength to weight property. These aluminium alloy blanks can be developed with friction stir welding method with better properties.Originality/valueVery limited work had been carried out on friction stir welding of aluminium alloys of Al 6061 and Al2014 with different tool pin profiles. Furthermore, this work analyzed with tensile properties of welded plates correlated with weld zone microstructures.
Electronic recycling plants: human resources and OHS management case studies
Authors: Gravel Sylvie , Côté Daniel , Gladu Stéphanie , Labrèche France , Gravel Sabrina , Bakhiyi Bouchra , Zayed Joseph 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe electrical and electronic recycling industry is experiencing significant growth while paying no particular attention to the health and safety of recycling workers. Who are these recycling workers? How are they recruited and trained in OHS measures? This article will attempt to answer these questions.Design/methodology/approachAs part of a toxicological study carried out on five companies, samples were taken from employees (n = 100) and their working environment. Among them, 26 workers and six managers also participated in interviews on the management of OHS preventive practices. This article presents analyses of the recruitment strategies for these workers and the management of preventive measures.FindingsThe main findings were that preventive practices vary according to the company's social mission and recruitment strategy. OHS preventive practices vary among the companies, even though the workers are similarly exposed to multiple contaminants. Precarious employment relationships put these workers in a vulnerable position.Originality/valueAlthough recycling electrical and electronic equipment (e-recycling) has been an ecological and moral concern in Western societies for several decades, occupational health and safety (OHS) management in recycling plants has received little attention.
Socio-cultural web and environmentally-driven community entrepreneurship: a portrayal of Abia Ohafia community in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Kalu Ebere Ume , Dana Leo-Paul 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This study is aimed at providing a deduction on the necessity of social and cultural capital for entrepreneurial outcomes on a community-wide scale.

Design/methodology/approach
There is a drift from an individualised form of entrepreneurship to community-based entrepreneurship with a grand focus on social needs of current and emergent nature. This study is both archival and exploratory and has pictured culture and communality as drivers that are needful for enterprising communities.

Findings
This paper finds communality, social network, social capital and trust as push-factors for community-based entrepreneurship and development drives.

Originality/value
This study is an original exposé on the Abia Ohafia community’s Model of community-based entrepreneurship which thrives on strong institutions (like the Age Grade System) and age-long practices that have built trust and stability. This local community through its networks, culture and communalities creates relationships, rational innovation, consensual leadership and participatory followership under which resources, opportunities and solutions are deliberately advanced for meeting social and community purposes.
The ancestral Andalusian water courts: a resilient model for contemporary Islamic banking and finance
Authors: Martín-Cervantes Pedro Antonio , Cruz Rambaud Salvador , Valls Martínez María del Carmen 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the functioning and organizational structure of the historic Andalusian water courts, institutions of Islamic origin whose basic model should be considered in light of the regulation of modern Islamic banking and finance.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology of this study has been focused on the contextualization of al-Andalus during the European Middle Ages, highlighting its enormous contributions and implications in the creation of Western knowledge. In the same way, the ordinances of the Castilian-Aragonese kings, aimed at the persistence of the Andalusian water courts in the Southeast of Spain after the Muslim period, have been used as the main sources of reference.

Findings
This research has detected that the main features of the Andalusian water courts, i.e. integrity, democracy, transparency, credibility, moral authority or simplicity (among many others), can be conveniently replicated in the scope of the current Islamic banking and finance.

Research limitations/implications
Several implications can be derived from this study: first, it highlights the total resilience of a regulatory model that “it was already there,” given by the history of the Andalusian civilization. This model will be always welcomed by the Muslim community in Western countries as it is a matter of regulating themselves according to the way their ancestors did. The main limitation faced by this research is the relative scarcity of original sources, which is justifiable given that most of the royal ordinances come from the 13th century, having unfortunately lost a good number of sources over time.

Originality/value
This paper seeks a feasible alternative to the controversy arising from the resolution of possible disputes in Islamic banking and finance taking into account that Western judges do not know (nor do they have to) the principles on which this discipline is based. The application of the historical Andalusian model would allow the creation of an independent jurisdiction, while subordinated to the established juridic power, without contravening the principle of “jurisdictional unity.” The last element that gives an added value to this research is spreading the achievements of the Andalusian culture and civilization, unjustly omitted by a great part of the existing literature.
Promoting sustainable ventures among university students in Pakistan: an empirical study based on the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Waris Idrees , Farooq Muhammad , Hameed Irfan , Shahab Atif 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine the drivers of sustainable entrepreneurship intention (SEI) among university students in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey-based methodology was used to collect the data from the participants. Further, this study used covariance-based structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings
The findings of this study confirm that the model of sustainable entrepreneurship is effective as it explains 83% variance to predict SEI among the students.

Originality/value
This research has contributed to the literature of sustainable entrepreneurship and proposed valuable insights in understanding the influence of sustainability education, sustainability attitude, self-efficacy and self-identity on SEI.
Producing wood at least cost to biodiversity: integrating Triad and sharing–sparing approaches to inform forest landscape management
Authors: Betts Matthew G. , Phalan Benjamin T. , Wolf Christopher , Baker Susan C. , Messier Christian , Puettmann Klaus J. , Green Rhys , Harris Scott H. , Edwards David P. , Lindenmayer David B. , Balmford Andrew 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTForest loss and degradation are the greatest threats to biodiversity worldwide. Rising global wood demand threatens further damage to remaining native forests. Contrasting solutions across a continuum of options have been proposed, yet which of these offers most promise remains unresolved. Expansion of high‐yielding tree plantations could free up forest land for conservation provided this is implemented in tandem with stronger policies for conserving native forests. Because plantations and other intensively managed forests often support far less biodiversity than native forests, a second approach argues for widespread adoption of extensive management, or ‘ecological forestry’, which better simulates natural forest structure and disturbance regimes – albeit with compromised wood yields and hence a need to harvest over a larger area. A third, hybrid suggestion involves ‘Triad’ zoning where the landscape is divided into three sorts of management (reserve, ecological/extensive management, and intensive plantation). Progress towards resolving which of these approaches holds the most promise has been hampered by the absence of a conceptual framework and of sufficient empirical data formally to identify the most appropriate landscape‐scale proportions of reserves, extensive, and intensive management to minimize biodiversity impacts while meeting a given level of demand for wood. In this review, we argue that this central challenge for sustainable forestry is analogous to that facing food‐production systems, and that the land sharing–sparing framework devised to establish which approach to farming could meet food demand at least cost to wild species can be readily adapted to assess contrasting forest management regimes. We develop this argument in four ways: (i) we set out the relevance of the sharing–sparing framework for forestry and explore the degree to which concepts from agriculture can translate to a forest management context; (ii) we make design recommendations for empirical research on sustainable forestry to enable application of the sharing–sparing framework; (iii) we present overarching hypotheses which such studies could test; and (iv) we discuss potential pitfalls and opportunities in conceptualizing landscape management through a sharing–sparing lens. The framework we propose will enable forest managers worldwide to assess trade‐offs directly between conservation and wood production and to determine the mix of management approaches that best balances these (and other) competing objectives. The results will inform ecologically sustainable forest policy and management, reduce risks of local and global extinctions from forestry, and potentially improve a valuable sector's social license to operate.
Feeling Heard: Inclusive Education, Transformative Learning, and Productive Struggle
Authors: Murdoch Diana , English Andrea R. , Hintz Allison , Tyson Kersti 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDevelopments in international inclusive education policy, including in prominent UN documents, often refer to the aim of a quality education for all. Yet, it remains unclear: What exactly is meant by quality education? And, under what conditions are quality educational experiences possible for all learners? In this essay, Diana Murdoch, Andrea English, Allison Hintz, and Kersti Tyson bring together research on inclusive education with philosophy of transformative learning, in particular John Dewey and phenomenology, to further the discussion on these two questions. The authors argue that teacher–learner relationships, of a particular kind, are necessary for fostering environments wherein all learners have access to quality educational experiences associated with productive struggle as an indispensable aspect of transformative learning processes. They define such relationships as “educational relationships that support students to feel heard.” In developing their argument, the authors first analyze the concept of productive struggle, an aspect of learning increasingly recognized in research and policy as an indicator of quality education. Second, they discuss three necessary, though not sufficient, conditions for the teacher to cultivate educational relationships that support students to feel heard. Third, they draw out connections between environments that support feeling heard and those that support productive struggle, and they discuss teachers' challenges and risk‐taking in creating such environments. The authors close with a discussion of implications for international policy, practice, and research.
Prestimulus alpha power but not phase influences visual discrimination of long‐duration visual stimuli
Authors: Michail Georgios , Toran Jenner Lino , Keil Julian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOccipital oscillations in the alpha band are closely related to visual perception and attention. In multiple studies, increased alpha power has been shown to reduce detection rates of hard‐to‐detect visual stimuli. Recent studies explain this finding by a shift in perceptual bias. Moreover, the phase of alpha oscillations prior to stimulus onset appears to be critical for the detection of visual stimuli. This is explained by a shift in cortical excitability over the course of each alpha cycle. However, prior studies often used short presentation times of visual stimuli at the perceptual threshold. Here, we use longer presentation times to elucidate whether the same mechanisms hold for the perception of salient but challenging visual stimuli presented for up to 1,500 ms. To this end, we presented participants with hard to distinguish but salient upright or tilted Gaussian gratings in a two‐alternative forced choice task, while recording occipital electroencephalographic activity. Previous reports link alpha power to stimulus detection hit rates, and we found that low prestimulus power at the individual alpha frequency relates to higher perceptual accuracy. Contrary to recent findings, we neither found an influence of alpha power on criterion, nor an influence of alpha phase on perception or response speed. We argue that longer presentation times might attenuate a possible response bias, and increased excitability might sharpen the discrimination ability, thereby leading to increased perceptual accuracy and unaffected response criterion.
Effect of surface chemistry‐modified polycaprolactone scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth
Authors: Jitpibull Jirasak , Tangjit Nathaphon , Dechkunakorn Surachai , Anuwongnukroh Niwat , Srikhirin Toemsak , Vongsetskul Thammasit , Sritanaudomchai Hathaitip 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of surface modification of a polycaprolactone scaffold on promoting osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Four different polycaprolactone scaffold were evaluated: untreated; coated with hyaluronic acid; coated with gelatin; and coated with hyaluronic acid and then with gelatin. The resulting scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR). Human stem cells were cultured on the modified scaffolds placed in osteogenic differentiation medium. During culture, the osteogenic potential of the stem cells was examined by evaluating alkaline phosphatase activity and staining intensity, expression of osteoblastic‐specific genes, and matrix mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy and ATR‐FTIR confirmed productive biomacromolecular surface treatment of the polycaprolactone scaffold. All scaffolds permitted differentiation of stem cells into osteoblastic cells, but the gelatin‐coated polycaprolactone scaffold facilitated osteogenesis of a larger number of stem cells than the untreated and the hyaluronic acid‐coated scaffolds. We demonstrate that gelatin is an appropriate macromolecule for modifying the surface of an electrospun polycaprolactone fibre scaffold that is used subsequently in bone tissue engineering applications.
FIRM DYNAMICS WITH FRICTIONAL PRODUCT AND LABOR MARKETS
Authors: Kaas Leo , Kimasa Bihemo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe analyze the joint dynamics of prices, productivity, and employment across firms, building a dynamic equilibrium model of heterogeneous firms who compete for workers and customers in frictional labor and product markets. Using panel data on prices and output for German manufacturing firms, the model is calibrated to evaluate the quantitative contributions of productivity and demand for the labor market. Product market frictions decisively dampen the firms' employment adjustments to productivity shocks. We further analyze the impact of aggregate shocks to the first and second moments of productivity and demand and relate them to business‐cycle features in our data.
Intraprostatic prophylactic antibiotic injection in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy
Authors: Shobeirian Farzaneh , Zerafatjou Nikan , Ghomi Zahra , Vafaei Mohamad , Darabi Mohsen 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of intraprostatic injection of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of infections following transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy.MethodsIn this prospective interventional study, patients aged between 40 and 70 years with clinical indications for transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy were enrolled. Consecutive patients who received intraprostatic injection of amikacin coupled with oral ciprofloxacin were compared with historical controls receiving only prophylactic oral fluoroquinolones prior to biopsy. Patients were followed for 7 days after biopsy for signs and symptoms of infection.ResultsA total of 210 patients were included in this study (mean age 65.7 ± 7.8 years). Among patients without intraprostatic injection, nine (8.6%) developed infectious complications (lower urinary tract infection in seven patients, and prostatitis in two), which led to hospitalization in six patients (5.7%). None of the patients who received intraprostatic antibiotic injection developed infectious complications. The difference in the incidence of post‐transrectal ultrasonography‐guided biopsy infections between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.003).ConclusionLocal intraprostatic antibiotic injection during transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy adjuvant to oral fluoroquinolones can significantly reduce the rate of post‐biopsy infectious complications.
Saudi Arabia's sustainable tourism development model: New empirical insights
Authors: Iswan  , Khan Aqeel , Kadir Firdaus Khairi Abdul , Jabor Mohd Khata , Anis Siti Nisrin Mohd , Zaman Khalid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe study extended the conventional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model into the lead model, supported with a partial adjustment model and adaptive expectation model. The ARDL‐LEAD modelling is applied to Saudi Arabia's tourism industry to assess the country's environmental sustainability agenda (ESA) by using monthly time series data from 1995M01‐2018M12. The short‐run results confirmed the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis with the lag variables, while the U‐shaped relationship was found between economic growth (EG) and CO2 emissions with the leads variable. The inbound tourism and trade openness (TOP) decrease CO2 emissions at the lead factor in the short‐run. The long‐run relationship verified the U‐shaped relationship between EG and CO2 emissions, while TOP openness increases CO2 emissions to substantiate 'pollution haven hypothesis (PHH)' in a country. The Wald Granger causality shows the different variations at the current period and forecasted estimates. The Granger estimates at the current level confirmed the growth‐led emissions (GLE), tourism‐led emissions (TLE), and tourism‐led growth (TLG) hypotheses, while at forecast estimates, the results substantiate the TLE and emissions‐led growth (ELD) hypotheses in a country.