bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultura Ambiental en estudiantes de educación superior, 2020
Authors: Díaz Ponce Mariela Alexi , Urdánigo Zambrano Juan Pablo , Gallardo Anahí Mercedes , Muñoz Casanova Ronald Hitler 
Published: March 2021

La formación de profesionales sin cultura ambiental; atenta al desarrollo sostenible de las sociedades. El nivel y calidad de educación, es un factor preponderante en la toma de decisiones. La evaluación del nivel de cultura ambiental en los estudiantes universitarios se basó en la encuesta modificada de Wisconsin; a 2366 estudiantes de una institución de educación superior, herramienta que analiza las actitudes, comportamientos y conocimientos con enfoque ambiental. Se utilizó el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V22 para el análisis estadístico inferencial no paramétrico de U – Mann Whitney y Kusskal Wallis, que asigna un valor de 4 como favorable y 0 como menos favorable a cada pregunta. Los resultados obtenidos en cada aspecto evidencian para la actitud, una elevada (2,96) preocupación por los riesgos para la salud ambiental; sin apoyo a las regulaciones de contaminación en una comunidad, al considerar que interfieren con el crecimiento industrial y desarrollo (1,28). Apagar las luces y los electrodomésticos; cuando no se utilizan para ahorrar electricidad, es el comportamiento más aplicado por los estudiantes universitarios (2,96). Sin embargo, no poseen interés en el envío de cartas al periódico sobre problemas ambientales (1,14). El conocimiento más destacado en los universitarios, es la definición del hábitat (2,65); siendo notoria la inconsciencia del impacto antropogénico en la elevada tasa de extinción de especies (0,91). El Índice de Cultura Ambiental en los estudiantes promedió 5,1; definida como inaceptable. El análisis de clúster avala la escasa cultura ambiental, por la fuerte correlación entre el desinterés de comunicar los problemas ambientales a los periódicos y denunciar las violaciones ambientales a las autoridades. El incremento de la cultura ambiental, precisa del aprendizaje ambiental transversal en todas las profesiones; que incluyan acciones prácticas aplicadas a la realidad, para modelar las actitudes hacia el alcance de los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible.
Aplicaciones virtuales y su impacto en prevención del Covid-19 de la Facultad Ciencias de la Ingeniería, UTEQ, 2020
Authors: Pérez Toapanta Adriano Efraín , Bustillos Molina Irene Teresa , Martínez Porro Eudes , Cuesta Montalván Priscila Elizabeth 
Published: March 2021

Las medidas de bioseguridad han sido diseñadas para salvaguardar la vida, actualmente en tiempo de pandemia originada por la enfermedad del COVID- 19 es cuanta más importancia cobra su aplicación, incorporando una serie de acciones para contrarrestar el virus, debido a que actualmente aún no existe un tratamiento específico o alguna vacuna que detenga la incubación del virus en humanos. La presente investigación tiene como finalidad simular las principales actividades que se desarrollan en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y el área Administrativa de la FCI mediante las aplicaciones virtuales como AUTOCAD (diseño estructural), R comannder (análisis estadístico), y FLEXSIM (simulación en 3D) con el objetivo de detectar el posible comportamiento humano anticipándose a los hechos sin la necesidad de experimentar con vidas humanas.
Luego del análisis de los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que el número total de personas sobrepasa el límite de la capacidad estructural de ambos edificios, adoptando el 30% de aforo existe una mejora de la actuación de las personas en el transcurso de sus actividades cotidianas, se constató una disminución de congestión de personas en los puntos críticos y es notorio el distanciamiento físico establecido por el COE Nacional, este porcentaje es el más idóneo tanto en el edificio FCI como el
administrativo a excepción del auditorio que el 21% del aforo es lo recomendable. Finalmente se proponen posibles alternativas de solución que minimizan el riesgo de contagio de la enfermedad COVID-19 durante el desarrollo de las actividades en FCI.
Biocombustible Sólido A Partir De Residuos Que Generan Los Procesos Agroindustriales Del Sector El Empalme
Authors: Villarroel Bastidas José , Macías Vera Josselin 
Published: March 2021

El biocombustible sólido, se obtiene mediante la compactación o densificación de residuos, no contienen aglutinantes, aditivos ni otra sustancia que puedan deteriorar las calderas e instalaciones de calefacción, su contenido es 100% residuos de los procesos agroindustriales, la lignina actúa como aglutinante natural. Como objetivo principal es la preparación y caracterización física y química de la briqueta para ser utilizadas como biocombustible sólido, a los residuos Agroindustriales como: cascarilla de arroz, polvillo, cuesco y aserrín. Con un diseño de bloques completamente al azar y un arreglo factorial ABC que constó de 12 tratamientos y 2 réplicas lo que corresponde a 24 tratamientos. Los factores de estudio: Factor A (tipo de mezcla), Factor B (forma de las briquetas) y Factor C (tamaño de las briquetas). Para el proceso de compactación se diseñó y fabricó moldes de formas cilíndricas y rectangulares de 10 y 15 cm de altura. Se determinó el mejor tratamiento mediante análisis físicos y químicos preparado con cáscara de arroz 4 %, polvillo 14 %, cuesco 10 %, Aserrín 12 %, de forma cuadrada con un tamaño de 10 cm, con las siguientes características: 4.35 % cenizas, 11 % de humedad, poder calorífico 5268.20 Kcal/ kg, densidad 1 g/cm3 y una fuerza de compactación de 6.51 PSI; al ser este el tratamiento sobresaliente con las características deseadas en una briqueta, se procedió a realizar pruebas de temperatura y tiempo de combustión, donde alcanzo un rango de (127- 240)ºC en un tiempo de 30 minutos para ser totalmente calcinada.
Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 before resumption of work and production: A cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Yangmei , Wang Meng , Jiang Caixia , He Xiaoyan , Zhang Qiong , Chen Yuyang , Chen Yuyang , Shang Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

In an effort to mitigate the outbreak of COVID-19，China has taking a series of strict prevention and control measures. Official statistics show that the increase in the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths has been controlled since mid-February. On March 2, 2020, the emergency response level of major public health emergencies in Zhejiang, China, was adjusted from level one to level two. The Factory gradually resumed work and students go back to school day by day.

OBJECTIVE

The prime objective of this study is to explores the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 before resumption of work and production in Zhejiang province.

METHODS

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted across 11 regions in Zhejiang province from March 13 to March 23, 2020. The survey instrument consists of demographic characteristics, 10 items on knowledge, 4 items on attitudes, and 10 items on practices. Our statistical analyses are based on descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS

A total of 51,640 participants were enrolled, nearly two thirds (67.1%) were female, around half the participants (44.1%) was aged 31 to 40 years. The highest proportion of the respondents had an education level of bachelor degree or higher (36.8%). The largest group of occupations are business service workers (35.4%) and students (26.4%), most participants were live in urban (93.1%). Results show that most of respondents (84.4%) have good knowledge towards COVID-19. The participants demonstrated higher awareness of transmission (89.8%) and incubation period (74.6%), but lower in symptoms (57.1%). More than half of participants (58.7%) show relax than before, nearly 85.4% of participants are optimistic and believe that the epidemic will end in three months. A large majority of participants (87.0%) show well preventive action. Almost 93.1%, 96.5% and 95.0% wore face masks when going out in public, using tissues or handkerchiefs cover their nose and mouth when they coughing or sneezing, practiced proper hand hygiene by frequently washing their hands respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female, with the education level of bachelor or higher, medical staff, urban resident, with good knowledge level and optimistic attitude participants were more likely to have well practice to avoid COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that residents in Zhejiang province had a relatively good awareness of COVID-19 before the resumption of work and production, as well as optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices. Efforts should be directed towards raising the awareness of the disease to improve their practices in the current COVID-19 pandemic, especially eliminate student’s anxiety.
PROCESS DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ALLOPURINOL
Authors: CHISHTI SAYYED MOHSINA , MANOCHA NIMITA 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of the present research work is to identify the critical parameters in the process that affect the quality of the finished product. The processs validation of the manufacturing process for Allopurinol tablet USP, 300 mg to be manufactured with change in manufacturing site and with increased batch size.
Methods: Prior to Scaling up to production, pilot batches were manufactured. Three consecutive commercial batches are to be produced using similar test equipment and in full compliance with cGMP and existing SOPs. Critical process parameters of the machine was set within operating range and was not exceeded upper and lower control limits during process operation. Equipment were operated within its assigned control limits, which shows upon scale up into new site, the specification for hardness did not meet requirements that had been set during development. There was no significant effect observed on thickness, friability, disintegration, dissolution, uniformity of dosage and were found within specification. Pre process batch was challenged by manufacturing product at upper and lower processing limits and circumstances which pose the greatest chance of process or product failure compared to ideal condition.
Results: Based on the data obtained from pre-process validation batch, operating ranges for compression force and machine speed had been established. Collected data shows robustness around these parameters and there is increased confidence that the process can be successfully scaled up under target conditions for these parameters.
Conclusion: From this study, it was concluded that process was optimized and gave a reproducible product that meet predetermined quality requirements and do so consistently and reliably.
Can Continuous Disclosure Defaults Be Attributed to Big 4 versus Non-Big 4 Auditor Differences?
Authors: Smaili Nadia 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The numerous scandals attributed to lack of independence on the part of Big 4 auditors have reignited one of the most controversial issues in the accounting profession: Do Big 4 auditors provide higher audit quality? The objective of this paper is to examine whether the auditor's reputation affects non-compliance with disclosure obligations and the type and number of defaults detected by the Ontario Securities Commission. Using an internet-based list published by the Ontario Securities Commission in February 2020, I develop a sample of 286 firms consisting of 143 issuers in default and their 143 matching firms. Results show that the presence of a Big 4 auditor is associated negatively with the various default types and the number of defaults. One implication of these findings is that hiring a reputable auditor may prevent firms and shareholders from being on the “shame list.”
JEL Classifications: G38; G34; G32.
Insider Sales under the Threat of Short Sellers: New Hypothesis and New Tests
Authors: Wang Kemin , Wang Rencheng , Wei K. C. John , Zhang Bohui , Zhou Yi 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Using the Regulation SHO program as a quasi-experiment, we document that the threat of short selling has a negative effect on the volume of opportunistic insider selling and a positive effect on its profitability for each transaction. These effects are stronger among firms with higher litigation risk, greater media coverage, and executives who have more of their firms' stock-related holdings. We further find robust evidence when we extend the analyses to short selling deregulations in the Chinese and Hong Kong stock exchanges. Overall, our findings suggest that short sellers play a disciplinary role in opportunistic insider selling.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: D8; D53; G14; G18.
The Informational Role of Investor Relations: Evidence from the Debt Market
Authors: Kim Eunjee , Sethuraman Mani , Steffen Thomas D. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We explore the role of investor relations (IR) in debt markets. Using earnings announcements as a laboratory, we examine whether, when, and to what extent IR departments help credit investors assimilate information. We find that the presence of IR decreases (increases) the negative (positive) impact on CDS spreads stemming from bad (good) earnings news, suggesting that IR efforts improve information precision and reduce transparency risk. Cross-sectional analyses suggest that IR matters more when uncertainty is high and creditors are concerned about the credit risk implications of firm performance. We also find that IR firms receive higher credit ratings and fewer covenants when issuing bonds, and CDS markets react less negatively when IR firms' bond ratings are downgraded below investment grade. Because firms choose their IR activities, we show that our inferences are robust to multiple methods of addressing endogeneity. Overall, we find that IR departments are influential in debt markets.
La democratización de la cultura y la socialización del conocimiento en un contexto de crisis
Authors: García Galindo Juan Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Sin duda, hay una relación estrecha entre el uso social de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, especialmente de las tecnologías móviles, y la democratización de la cultura (tanto en los procesos de producción como de recepción), en el sentido de extensión de la cultura y de apropiación de la misma. Sin embargo, quizás sea más apropiado vincular dicho concepto al de socialización de la cultura, en su acepción relativa a la capacidad de los ciudadanos para acceder activamente a la cultura, como consumidores críticos, pero también como emisores y productores. Por su parte, el concepto democratización implicaría en todo momento el acceso igualitario a la cultura y el aprovechamiento por igual del potencial de las tecnologías para convertir a los ciudadanos en emisores y productores de contenidos y de mensajes de todo tipo (periodísticos, literarios, artísticos, textuales, icónicos, etc.). Entre otras cosas, porque en la sociedad digital las brechas sociales, económicas, o propiamente intelectuales también siguen existiendo.
Si la democratización de la cultura es posible en toda la extensión de su significado será porque sepamos integrar las nuevas tecnologías digitales, o no, que se desarrollan en nuestro entorno, en proyectos que reviertan en el enriquecimiento cultural de todos los ciudadanos y en la mejora de las condiciones de acceso a la cultura, eliminando las brechas existentes. Y podamos dar pasos en la consecución de una sociedad culta, que descanse sobre los principios éticos y los valores de toda sociedad democrática. Pero, aunque sea un objetivo inaplazable, no debería bastar con el acceso generalizado a la cultura, que es la base para que ésta sea democrática, sino con promover una cultura que contribuya asimismo a la democratización de la sociedad.
Metastasesin the pancreas: radiation methods assessment of cryodestruction
Authors: Galchina Yu. S. , Karelskaja N. A. , Kаrmаzаnovsky G. G. , Stepanova Yu. A. , Ionkin D. A. , Stashkiv V. I. , Chzhao A. V. 
Published: March 2021

Metastases in the pancreas are rather rare tumor lesion of this organ. According to different data, the incidence of metastatic pancreatic lesions varies from 1.8 to 4% of all pancreatictumors.The article presents three clinical observations of metastases of melanoma, renal clearcell cancer, lung cancer in the pancreas. All patients were treatedusing cryosurgical methods with positive dynamics in the postoperative period.A brief review of the literature discussing metastatic lesions of the pancreas is also done, and the management treatment tactics of these patients is described.
Fibroma of the interventricular septum with bilateral obstruction of the ventricular outflow/tracts
Authors: Karpukhin V. G. , Paramonova T. I. 
Published: March 2021

Heart fibroma accounts for about 5% of all primary neoplasms and is registered in children in 80% of cases. The ventricles or interventricular septum (IVS) are most often affected; in half of cases, the tumor has intracavitary growth. The clinical picture of the disease and its prognosis depend on the size and location of the tumor. The most unfavorable is the defeat of the IVS, since it causes obstruction of the output tract of one of the ventricles. Being localized in IVS, can involve a conducting system of heart, thereby increasing risk of sudden death.A retrospective study of a case of cardiac fibroma in a child aged 4.5 months, confirmed by echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging and successfully operated on in the Central Federal District Center of Penza, is presented. A large tumor, localized in the IVS, caused atypical obstruction of the outflow tracts of both ventricles simultaneously. In the domestic and foreign literature, hemodynamic disturbances of only one of the ventricles are described, and we did not find a single case with simultaneous obstruction of both tracts. The possibility of MRI in the diagnosis of heart tumors has been shown.
Splenosis: fetters of the unknown or step through existing precautions (part II)
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Zubov A. D. , Borodiy K. N. , Mozhyna T. L. 
Published: March 2021

Aim: to present a review of the literature on post-traumatic splenosis of different localization, as well as to complete the presentation of a rare clinical case of multiple post-traumatic intra-abdominal splenosis in combination with type 2 macroamylasemia, chronic pancreatitis in a 27-year-old woman.Main results. The literature data of the pathogenesis and classification of splenosis are considered. Close attention is paid to the clinical manifestations of post-traumatic splenosis: the results of imaging studies in intrathoracic, disseminated abdominal, intrahepatic and intrapancreatic forms of splenosis are presented.The end of the description of a rare clinical case of progressive multiple post-traumatic intra-abdominal splenosis in combination with type 2 macroamylasemia and chronic pancreatitis is presented. The process of diagnostic search, differential diagnosis is described, the controversial points to the patient’s management, the possibility and expediency of pregnancy are considered.Conclusion. The exclusivity of this clinical case requires further dynamic monitoring, especially in the possible pregnancy.
A case report of Adult Onset Still’s Disease and Kikuchi Fujimoto lymphadenitis-challenges and learning points
Authors: Mathew David , Gupta Urmi , Igbokwe Uchechi , Todd Sophie , Greaves Paul , Doherty Teresa 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Adult Onset Stills Disease (AOSD) and Kikuchi Fujimoto Lymphadenitis (KFL) are both rare Rheumatological diseases. Co-occurrence is very rare.

Case Presentation:
This is a case of AOSD and KFL co-occurrence presenting with polyarthritis, rash, and B Symptoms. Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin with anemia and lymphadenopathy raised suspicions of lymphoma. Histology confirmed KFL and clinical features, and raised ferritin confirmed AOSD.
After starting sulfasalazine, the patient was admitted to the hospital with ‘Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms’ (DRESS) Syndrome. Prior to sepsis exclusion, Gentamicin was given and subsequent hearing loss was noted.
Sustained remission was achieved with Tocilizumab and azathioprine. Tocilizumab was stopped during pregnancy.

Conclusion:
The diagnostic challenges of two rare overlapping Rheumatological diseases are highlighted. An early distinction of disease flares or drug reactions from sepsis is difficult. Risk-benefit ratio consideration of continuing successful treatments in pregnancy is acknowledged.
A case report of Acalculous gall bladder perforation with huge abdominal cyst
Authors: Siddique Ammar Ahmed , Sattar Zahra , Asghar Naqi Syed 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Gall bladder perforation presents in various forms with the most common being peritonitis. The most common causes include gall stones obstructing the cystic duct and necrosis of gall bladder due to ischemia.

Case Presentation:
A 19-year-old female presented to the emergency department of East Surgical Ward of Mayo Hospital Lahore,
Pakistan, with a history of abdominal distension for 4 months for which she was counseled because of pregnancy. She gave birth to healthy baby 1 month prior, but abdominal distension did not resolve. On examination, she had a distended and tender abdomen with visible striae. She was tachycardiac with a pulse rate of 124 per minute and blood pressure of 110/80 mmHg.
Fluid cytology showed negative for malignant cells and total leukocyte count of 17 × 109 /l. Abdominal ultrasound showed a huge thick-walled cystic area with internal echoes measuring 31 × 19 × 19 cm with total amount of fluid volume in the cyst was approximately 5 l arising from the right hypochondrium. On opening the abdomen, a huge cyst was encountered extending from the epigastrium to the pelvis with dense adhesions. The cyst was opened and fluid aspirated. Communication between cyst was found with gall bladder in the epigastrium. The cyst wall was excised partially, and cholecystectomy carried out. The patient was discharged on 5th post-operative day.

Conclusion:
The development of thick-walled huge cyst within abdominal cavity after gall bladder perforation is a rare entity, especially when the patient had gone through full-term pregnancy with the presence of the cyst.
Population Policy and Fertility Change in Vietnam in the Period from now to 2030
Authors: Hung Ha Viet , Minh Ngoc Tran Thi 
Published: March 2021

It is known that Vietnam has started an aging period that accompanied with the challenge of labor shortage for economic development. The way of fertility change in the modern society is that the more the socio-economic development the lower the level of fertility. The practice of fertility change in developed countries indicates that it has been very difficult to enhance the level of fertility once it was rather lower than the replacement one. The potential of increasing for an economy would depend much on the percentage of increasing labor force. Under the market economy, the labor force is floating from areas to areas by the way of demand-supply. People are moving from regions with excess of labors to regions with shortage of labor. For the whole country, the labor force would move from 33 provinces/cities of the higher fertility to those 21 provinces/cities of the lower fertility, therefore keeping the fertility at replacement level for the whole country. It is not rational to set up a target of decreasing fertility by 10% for 33 provinces/cities of the higher fertility because it would not keep the general fertility at replacement level in the period from now up to 2030.