bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macronutrient Utilization After Short-term Fasting in Older and Younger Men and Women, a Pilot Study
Authors: Wang San , Tsay Rita , Zhang Danya , Cunha Daniel , Fukagawa Naomi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background/Objective: While older people are more prone than younger people to periods of involuntary fasting, systematic assessment of all the three major sources of macronutrient mobilization and oxidation in the same individual older participants during short-term periods of fasting has not been previously reported. Because aging is associated with many metabolic, hormonal, and body composition changes, older humans may have different kinetics of utilization of macronutrient stores during fasting than younger ones. This pilot study aimed to generate exploratory data to test this hypothesis.
Methods/Subjects: We examined four groups of five participants each in this study, women and men, and older and younger subjects. We measured body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and studied the effects of a 12-hour and a 36-hour fast on protein mobilization, lipolysis, and glucose output (substrate rates of appearance, using stable isotope tracers), as well as macronutrient oxidation.
Results: The older participants had a greater percent body fat. Respiratory exchange ratios (RER) decreased with the longer fast. In a linear mixed model analysis of the metabolic data, age was not significant as a fixed effect when added to the model, except for glycerol rate of appearance and leucine oxidation rate.
Conclusions: The effects of age and sex on mobilization and oxidation of macronutrient stores, as assessed with stable isotope tracers and indirect calorimetry, were small compared to the large overall effect of a 36-hour fast, suggesting that the macronutrient metabolic switching of older people with fasting is similar to that of younger people.
Radiographic Anatomy and Clinical Value of Modified Corner Approach in Interlaminar Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: Zhan Sizheng , Ma Haoning , Wang Yuming , Yi Ping , Tang Xiangsheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To explore the imaging anatomical characteristics and clinical value of the modified corner approach targeting the intersection of S1 superior endplate and facet joint.
Method
The CT and MRI data of 100 patients were used to measure the distance between the target and the dura sac, pedicle, L5 nerve and S1 nerve. The learning curve of IELD surgery based on modified corner approach was determined by prospectively collecting data from 80 patients with IELD.
Results
The average distance between the target and the dura sac was 4.59 ± 1.74mm. The average distance between the target and the inferior border of the L5 nerve was 10.14 ± 1.72mm, rang from 7.52–13.54 mm. The average distance between the target and the outer edge of the S1 nerve was 0.51 ± 0.91mm, rang from − 0.12 ~ 2mm. The average distance between the target and the inner edge of S1 pedicle was 3.77 ± 1.04mm. The distance between the target and the dura sac and the inner edge of the pedicle is mainly affected by the age of the patient.
Conclusion
The modified corner approach is a simple, safe and repeatable surgical approach with the intersection of the superior endplate and facet joint as the puncture target. For patients without or with mild facet joint degeneration, the puncture target can be appropriately moved inward by 2mm.
Water management strategies during cold starts in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: insights from operando synchrotron X-ray imaging
Authors: Yoshimune Wataru , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Kato Akihiko , Matsuoka Yoriko , Kato Satoru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Due to the vapor-liquid-ice phase transitions, polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) encounter significant challenges during cold starts. This study employs operando synchrotron X-ray computed tomography to visualize water distribution in PEFCs during cold starts, where temperature fluctuations surpass the freezing threshold of 0°C. The results suggest a potential risk of condensation due to a circulating coolant system in fuel cell stacks during cold starts, which can adversely affect cold start performance. By comparing transient water saturation across PEFC components, we find that flooding near the cathode catalyst layer is most detrimental to fuel cell operation. These findings provide insights into the interplay between water distribution and cold start performance, underscoring the necessity of optimized water management strategies for next-generation fuel cell electric vehicles.
Current research status on the occupational hazards of hand-transmitted vibration: a case study in China
Authors: Yang Jian , Wu Mingzhong 
Published: February 2025

The hazards arising from long-term hand-transmitted vibration operations can cause significant damage to the human body. As China is a populous country, understanding the current situation of vibration exposure among workers in various related fields in China holds significant reference value. To this end, this paper analyzes data from core journal literature in China from the 1980s to the present based on the keywords hand-arm vibration disease, hand-transmitted vibration, and occupational exposure. This paper provides an overview of the current status of hand-transmitted vibration hazards, including the distribution characteristics, hazards, and diagnostic methods of hand-arm vibration disease, as well as the deficiencies in these diagnostic methods. It also integrates data on the vibration intensity, frequency, and prevalence of vibration tools to analyze the relationship between the prevalence of hand-arm vibration disease and the vibration intensity and frequency of vibration tools. The results indicate that the vibration tools causing occupational hand-arm vibration disease are primarily found in the mining and manufacturing industries, with rock drilling jobs and positions being dominant in the mining industry and grinding jobs and positions being dominant in the manufacturing industry. The A(4) values of grinding tools, jobs, or positions are significantly higher than China’s limit value of 5 m/s2 for hand-transmitted vibration. The A(4) distribution of rock drilling tools is more concentrated, while the A(4) distribution of grinding tools is broader. The current diagnostic methods have poor specificity and sensitivity. There is insufficient awareness of the hazards of hand-transmitted vibration. There is no significant correlation between A(4) and the prevalence of vibration white finger (P>0.05), and A(4) alone is insufficient to reflect the extent of harm caused by hand-transmitted vibration operations to the human body. Both low-frequency and high-frequency vibrations may be harmful to the human body, and there may be a positive correlation between the fundamental frequency of vibration tools and the prevalence of disease (r>0,P<0.05).
Estudo sobre os investimentos dos recursos dos Planos Benefício Definido (BD)
Authors: Kataoka Sheila Sayuri , Carmona Charles Ulises de Montreuil 
Published: February 2025

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a propensão ao risco dos investimentos dos planos Benefício Definido (BD) comparando a tipificação jurídica da patrocinadora. Para tal foram analisados 134 planos BD e suas respectivas patrocinadoras, no período de 2013 a 2019, através de um modelo de regressão logística multinomial, com o uso dos programa estatístico R, RStudio e StataBE versão 17. A alocação dos recursos (variável dependente) foi dívida em 7 categorias de decisão (D1 a D7), de acordo com as composições das carteiras dos planos, e os planos foram divididos em dois grupos: G0 planos em que a patrocinadora não é empresa de capital aberto; e G1 planos em que a patrocinadora é empresa de capital aberto. Após análise dos resultados, foi possível constatar que existem diferenças nas escolhas de categoria de decisão entre os grupos G0 e G1. O grupo G1, tende a ter estratégia de alocação um pouco mais agressiva que G0, porém os planos de ambos os grupos, optam, em sua maioria, pela diversificação da carteira especialmente nas composições D4 e D5. Apesar desses resultados, não há evidências estatísticas para aceitar a hipótese de que os planos em que a patrocinadora é empresa de capital aberto adotam estratégia de investimentos com maior propensão à risco.
When Digital Health Encounters Regulation
Authors: Horn Carsten , Felt Ulrike 
Published: February 2025

In late 2019, Germany took significant steps towards becoming a forerunner in digital health. A new legislation stipulated that medical apps for different indications could now be prescribed to patients by their healthcare providers – the so-called Digital Health Applications (DiGAs). Patients’ public health insurance then covers the costs for these apps. The precondition for apps to be eligible for prescription and remuneration is that they undergo a prior approval process with the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices. We take this transformation of an ordinary health app into a medico-legal product, a DiGA, as the point of departure for a detailed examination of the regulation of digital health in practice. Analyzing the approval process for DiGAs allows us to generate insights into what qualities of apps are assessed and how it addresses the fluid ontology of digital apps. Based on regulatory documents and interviews with developers of Digital Health Technologies, we approach the approval as a multi-faceted process and provide two accounts that unpack the complexities digital health poses for regulation: (1) the re-negotiation of the boundary between health-related lifestyle and medical apps and (2) the tension between the dynamic developments of apps and the static nature of regulation. Drawing on Latour’s legal sociology and the notion of reality tests developed by Boltanski and Thévenot, we argue that the approval process performs a two-fold ontological politics that transforms the ontology of both apps and regulation itself.
BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEED IS EFFECTIVE AS A MEDIATOR IN IMPROVING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCHOOL CLIMATE AND STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Latifa Ainun , Mardianto Mardianto 
Published: February 2025

This study aims to see how the contribution of school climate and the fulfillment of basic psychological needs to student engagement in elementary school students in Agam district. This study uses quantitative methods. Student engagement was measured using School Engagement Measure (SEM)- MacArthur with a reliability of 0.869, Comprehensive School Climate Inventory with a reliability of 0.860, and Basic Psychological Needs in the Classroom Scale (BPN-CS) with a reliability of 0.832. The sampling technique in this study used cluster random sampling with a total of 138 elementary students in Agam district. Multiple linear regression analysis is the analytical technique used in this study. The results of this study showed a significance value (p) of 0.00 <0.05, these results indicate that school climate and basic psychological needs simultaneously contribute to student engagement in elementary school students in Agam district. The contribution given is as much as 49.7%. School climate and basic psychological need separately also show a contribution to student engagement, and school climate shows a higher contribution than basic psychological need
EFFECTIVENESS OF RECIPROCAL PEER TUTORING AND MULTISYSTEMIC THERAPIES ON ADOLESCENTS OFFENDING BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Aremu Oyesoji Amos , Adeyemo Waliat Folasade , Emmanuel Stephen Oluwaseun 
Published: February 2025

This study examined the impact of reciprocal peer tutoring and multisystemic therapy on reducing offending behaviour in out-of-school adolescents at motor parks in Ogun State, Nigeria. Focusing on peer influence and self-control as moderating variables, the research employed a multistage sampling technique to select participants from three motor parks across different senatorial districts. The study adopted a pre-test-post-test control group quasi-experimental design,with a 3x3x3 factorial matrix involving two experimental groups and one control group. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 89 out-of-school adolescents from three major motor parks. The treatment lasted eight weeks in which the participants were randomly assigned into two experimental conditions (reciprocal peer tutoring and multisytremic), while the control group received no treatment. The findings revealed a significant main effect of the treatments on reduction of offending behaviour. The moderators, peer influence and self-control also significantly influenced the effectiveness of the treatment. It is concluded that reciprocal peer tutoring and multisystemic therapy are effective in the reduction of offending behaviour among out-of-school adolescents. Peer influence and self-control were also identified as effective. These findings hold significant implications for counselling practice and policies as it relates to offending behaviour of out-of-school adolescents in Nigeria.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SMART ABA METHOD ON TOILET TRAINING SKILLS IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Authors: Sutadi Rudy , Tunjungsari Agita , Pakpahan Alfred , Arneliza Arneliza , Yunanto Kuncono Teguh 
Published: February 2025

Independent toilet skills are basic skills that must be mastered by every child, including children with autism spectrum (ASD). This skill begins with toilet training. However, toilet training for ASD children is a challenge in itself. Children with ASD have developmental disorders that impact many aspects of their lives, including toilet training skills. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Smart ABA (Smart Applied Behavior Analysis) Method on the toilet training ability of ASD children. Smart ABA is a development of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). This study uses an experimental method with a single research subject design and data analysis using visual graphs. The subjects of this study are two children with ASD, a boy aged 5 years and 7 years. The parents of the subjects were included in this study. The Smart ABA therapists who trained the subjects in this study have fulfilled their competencies as Smart ABA therapists. The most important finding of this study was the success of both subjects in daytime toilet training within 43 to 67 days. These findings show the effectiveness of the Smart ABA method in achieving independence in toilet skills for ASD children. The results of this study will provide an in-depth understanding for parents of children with ASD, therapists, professionals, and doctors in the management of toilet training. The results of this study make an important scientific contribution to independent toilet skills in children with ASD. The stages of self-toilet skills using Smart ABA are discussed.
Prototipo de sistema automatizado para lectura y control de medidores de energía inteligentes
Authors: Melo Cárdenas Ronald Stivel , Rodríguez Umaña Luis Alfredo , Martinez Baquero Javier Eduardo , Baquero Álvarez Nelson 
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo expone la implementación de un prototipo de sistema automatizado para la lectura y control de variables en medidores de energía eléctrica, siendo una respuesta fundamental ante los desafíos contemporáneos y futuros en el sector de distribución de energía. Este enfoque no sólo aborda las demandas actuales del panorama energético, caracterizadas por la necesidad de eficiencia y gestión inteligente, sino que también se proyecta hacia el futuro, anticipando y enfrentando los desafíos emergentes en la expansión y modernización de las infraestructuras eléctricas, optimizando la lectura remota y el control preciso de variables. Los resultados muestran una oportunidad significativa para mejorar la eficiencia operativa y reducir costos en el sector eléctrico, siendo la adopción de protocolos de comunicación como DLMS/COSEM y Modbus, respaldada por la implementación de sistemas telemétricos en plataformas como Raspberry Pi u Orange Pi con programación en Python.
Corpus-based analysis of second language writing errors and their pedagogical implications
Authors: Li Yuehua , Han Lihao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Second language writing is not only a major problem for language learners but also a long-term focus of attention in the field of applied linguistics, and the error analysis of second language writing is of great significance for the development of language education at different stages. Multimodal discourse analysis is used to construct a corpus and propose a research methodology for second language teaching in this study. The errors in writing for second language teaching are investigated in detail based on the theory of error analysis in five steps: collecting samples, identifying errors, describing errors, interpreting errors, and evaluating errors. Through the investigation and analysis, it was found that among the four dimensions of functional adequacy, the task requirement dimension had the highest average score (5.71) and the most concentrated data, and the average scores of the comprehensibility (4.55) and coherence and articulation (4.35) dimensions decreased in order. Among the linguistic feature indicators, lexical complexity, lexical diversity, syntactic complexity and writing scores all have significant positive correlations, with correlation coefficients in the range of 0.26 to 0.35 and p-values less than 0.01. Among them, lexical diversity and writing scores have reached a moderate correlation coefficient of 0.35, which indicates that the more lexical varieties there are, the more low-frequency words are found, the more words are included in an average of each T unit, the more words, the higher the overall rating of the essay. The amount of writing errors in the student essay samples was all negatively correlated with the student’s essay scores, and the p’s were all less than 0.05, which is a very high correlation; the higher the number of writing errors, the lower the essay scores. This dissertation makes recommendations for teaching second-language writing and provides a reference for research on teaching writing in a second language based on the analysis results.
Modelling and optimisation of photovoltaic power generation systems based on artificial intelligence algorithms
Authors: Xu Guoze , Wang Dong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study applies artificial intelligence algorithms to the field of photovoltaic power generation. After exploring the construction of a photovoltaic power generation system, the simulation system of the photovoltaic array is constructed in the Matlab/Simulink platform, the MPPT algorithm is utilized to ensure the maximum output power state of the photovoltaic system, the step-up Boost circuit is added, and the maximum power point is tracked by selecting the perturbation observation method. Through simulation experiments, the output characteristics of the PV cells and the maximum power point tracking performance of the PV power generation system constructed in this paper were detected. Then, the maximum power tracking MPPT algorithm is optimized by the particle swarm algorithm (PSO) to construct the optimal control strategy for PV power generation using the particle swarm algorithm. The PSO algorithm is compared with the PSO-MPPT algorithm to maximize power extraction and track performance, in order to check the optimization effect. When the intensity of sunlight increases, the short-circuit current of the PV cell increases and the maximum power of the cell increases. When the external temperature increases, the short-circuit current of the PV cell decreases very little, and the maximum power of the cell decreases. The extraction efficiency of the PSO-MPPT algorithm in the four modes is 99.78%, 99.60%, 99.59%, and 99.54%, which is significantly better than that of the PSO algorithm, and the PSO-MPPT algorithm has a better tracking ability.
Research on the design process and comfort optimisation path of functional clothing based on the principle of heat transfer
Authors: Guo Zilian , Chen Chang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The function of heat and moisture transfer of garment fabrics plays a very important role in the regulation of microclimate inside the garment. The first step in improving clothing comfort research was to analyze the design needs of functional clothing based on the principle of heat transfer. Then, the functional garment test was proposed, six fabric fabrics were selected as experimental objects, and the thermal resistance value of fabrics in dry skin conditions and the total heat dissipation in sweaty and wet skin conditions were studied. At the same time, in 92% high humidity conditions, several common clothing fabrics made for human wearing experiments were assessed for their heat and humidity comfort in the high humidity environment. Finally, the optimisation of clothing fabrics, as an example of summer clothing, selected the maximum transient heat flux Q-max and selected the thermal conductivity K as a characterisation index to determine the optimal fabric organisation of the linen fabrics and cotton, and then On this basis, the design of summer garments is carried out. The main design of its loft and opening optimization has been carried out.
Optimising the content and pedagogy of the mathematics curriculum in vocational education in an information technology environment
Authors: Wang Meng , Hu Yaping , Liu Jianxin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study mainly focuses on the study of the theory of information technology optimization of education and the way of information technology education, based on the principles of the design of teaching information, and proposes the strategy of using information technology to optimize the teaching of mathematical problem-guided learning. The use of information technology mathematics education in practical teaching, combined with the questionnaire survey method and independent samples t-test, to explore the current situation of information technology and mathematics teaching survey and teaching effectiveness and draw the corresponding conclusions, In vocational colleges and universities, 61% of students believe that information technology in the classroom is generally used and is fully compatible with the use of information technology, and 87.8% of the students like the teacher to use information technology in the classroom. Whereas, outside the classroom, the use of information technology by teachers has not functioned well, and the teaching of mathematics with information technology can significantly improve the mathematical computation skills of students (Sig. = 0.001).