bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular remission at T cell level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Inamo Jun , Suzuki Katsuya , Takeshita Masaru , Kondo Yasushi , Okuzono Yuumi , Koga Keiko , Kassai Yoshiaki , Takiguchi Maiko , Kurisu Rina , Yoshimura Akihiko , Takeuchi Tsutomu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhile numerous disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have brought about a dramatic paradigm shift in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), unmet needs remain, such as the small proportion of patients who achieve drug-free status. The aim of this study was to explore key molecules for remission at the T cell level, which are known to be deeply involved in RA pathogenesis, and investigate the disease course of patients who achieved molecular remission (MR). We enrolled a total of 46 patients with RA and 10 healthy controls (HCs). We performed gene expression profiling and selected remission signature genes in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells from patients with RA using machine learning methods. In addition, we investigated the benefits of achieving MR on disease control. We identified 9 and 23 genes that were associated with clinical remission in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that their expression profiling was similar to those in HCs. For the remission signature genes in CD4+ T cells, the PCA result was reproduced using a validation cohort, indicating the robustness of these genes. A trend toward better disease control was observed during 12 months of follow-up in patients treated with tocilizumab in deep MR compared with those in non-deep MR, although the difference was not significant. The current study will promote our understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary to achieve deep remission during the management of RA.
The order of vasopressor discontinuation and incidence of hypotension: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Song Xuan , Liu Xinyan , Evans Kimberly D. , Frank Ryan D. , Barreto Erin F. , Dong Yue , Liu Chang , Gao Xiaolan , Wang Chunting , Kashani Kianoush B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe optimal order of vasopressor discontinuation during shock resolution remains unclear. We evaluated the incidence of hypotension in patients receiving concomitant vasopressin (VP) and norepinephrine (NE) based on the order of their discontinuation. In this retrospective cohort study, consecutive patients receiving concomitant VP and NE infusions for shock admitted to intensive care units were evaluated. The primary outcome was hypotension incidence following discontinuation of VP or NE (VP1 and NE1 groups, respectively). Secondary outcomes included the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and arrhythmias. Subgroup analysis was conducted by examining outcomes based on the type of shock. Of the 2,035 included patients, 952 (46.8%) were VP1 and 1,083 (53.2%) were NE1. VP1 had a higher incidence of hypotension than NE1 (42.1% vs. 14.2%; P < 0.001), longer time to shock reversal (median: 2.5 vs. 2.2 days; P = .009), higher hospital [29% (278/952) vs. 24% (258/1083); P = .006], and 28-day mortality [37% (348/952) vs. 29% (317/1,083); P < 0.001] when compared with the NE1 group. There were no differences in ICU mortality, ICU and hospital length of stay, new-onset arrhythmia, or AKI incidence between the two groups. In subgroup analyses based on different types of shock, similar outcomes were observed. After adjustments, hypotension in the following 24 h and 28-day mortality were significantly higher in VP1 (Odds ratios (OR) 4.08(3.28, 5.07); p-value < .001 and 1.27(1.04, 1.55); p-value < .001, respectively). Besides, in a multivariable model, the need for renal replacement therapy (OR 1.68 (1.34, 2.12); p-value < .001) was significantly higher in VP1. Among patients with shock who received concomitant VP and NE, the VP1 group was associated with a higher incidence of hypotension in comparison with NE1. Future studies need to validate our findings and their impact on clinical outcomes.
Minimally invasive colostomy with endoscopy as a novel technique for creation of a trephine stoma
Authors: Kamada Teppei , Ohdaira Hironori , Takahashi Junji , Kai Wataru , Nakashima Keigo , Nakaseko Yuichi , Suzuki Norihiko , Yoshida Masashi , Suzuki Yutaka 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe conventional approach of trephine stoma creation is associated with various limitations, including poor elevation of the sigmoid colon, misidentification of the target organs, and poor visualization of the operative field, which may require conversion to an open approach. Our study aimed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and complications of minimally invasive colostomy with endoscopy (MICE), a new technique for trephine stoma creation. This retrospective cohort study included 14 patients. Patients diagnosed with obstructive rectal cancer or bladder and rectal disorders due to spinal cord injury or bone metastasis requiring sigmoid loop colostomy were eligible for the procedure. MICE was performed using a combination of endoscopic and fluoroscopic procedures. The primary endpoint was the technical success of MICE. Technical success using MICE was achieved in all 14 cases. The mean total operative time was 52.6 (range 32–107) min, and mean blood loss was 18.9 (range 1–50) mL. There was no incidence of conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications included peristomal abscess formation and ischemic colitis in each case. MICE may be useful as a minimally invasive approach for trephine stoma creation that overcomes the problems of a conventional approach in high-risk patients.
An immune cell infiltration-related gene signature predicts prognosis for bladder cancer
Authors: Chen Hualin , Pan Yang , Jin Xiaoxiang , Chen Gang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo explore novel therapeutic targets, develop a gene signature and construct a prognostic nomogram of bladder cancer (BCa). Transcriptome data and clinical traits of BCa were downloaded from UCSC Xena database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We then used the method of Single sample Gene Set Enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to calculate the infiltration abundances of 24 immune cells in eligible BCa samples. By weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), we identified turquoise module with strong and significant association with the infiltration abundance of immune cells which were associated with overall survival of BCa patients. Subsequently, we developed an immune cell infiltration-related gene signature based on the module genes (MGs) and immune-related genes (IRGs) from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort). Then, we tested the prognostic power and performance of the signature in both discovery and external validation datasets. A nomogram integrated with signature and clinical features were ultimately constructed and tested. Five prognostic immune cell infiltration-related module genes (PIRMGs), namely FPR1, CIITA, KLRC1, TNFRSF6B, and WFIKKN1, were identified and used for gene signature development. And the signature showed independent and stable prognosis predictive power. Ultimately, a nomogram consisting of signature, age and tumor stage was constructed, and it showed good and stable predictive ability on prognosis. Our prognostic signature and nomogram provided prognostic indicators and potential immunotherapeutic targets for BCa. Further researches are needed to verify the clinical effectiveness of this nomogram and these biomarkers.
The potential use of digital health technologies in the African context: a systematic review of evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Manyazewal Tsegahun , Woldeamanuel Yimtubezinash , Blumberg Henry M. , Fekadu Abebaw , Marconi Vincent C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) recently put forth a Global Strategy on Digital Health 2020–2025 with several countries having already achieved key milestones. We aimed to understand whether and how digital health technologies (DHTs) are absorbed in Africa, tracking Ethiopia as a key node. We conducted a systematic review, searching PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, African Journals Online, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform databases from inception to 02 February 2021 for studies of any design that investigated the potential of DHTs in clinical or public health practices in Ethiopia. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021240645) and it was designed to inform our ongoing DHT-enabled randomized controlled trial (RCT) (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04216420). We found 27,493 potentially relevant citations, among which 52 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 596,128 patients, healthy individuals, and healthcare professionals. The studies involved six DHTs: mHealth (29 studies, 574,649 participants); electronic health records (13 studies, 4534 participants); telemedicine (4 studies, 465 participants); cloud-based application (2 studies, 2382 participants); information communication technology (3 studies, 681 participants), and artificial intelligence (1 study, 13,417 participants). The studies targeted six health conditions: maternal and child health (15), infectious diseases (14), non-communicable diseases (3), dermatitis (1), surgery (4), and general health conditions (15). The outcomes of interest were feasibility, usability, willingness or readiness, effectiveness, quality improvement, and knowledge or attitude toward DHTs. Five studies involved RCTs. The analysis showed that although DHTs are a relatively recent phenomenon in Ethiopia, their potential harnessing clinical and public health practices are highly visible. Their adoption and implementation in full capacity require more training, access to better devices such as smartphones, and infrastructure. DHTs hold much promise tackling major clinical and public health backlogs and strengthening the healthcare ecosystem in Ethiopia. More RCTs are needed on emerging DHTs including artificial intelligence, big data, cloud, cybersecurity, telemedicine, and wearable devices to provide robust evidence of their potential use in such settings and to materialize the WHO’s Global Strategy on Digital Health.
A take-home message from COVID-19 on urban air pollution reduction through mobility limitations and teleworking
Authors: Badia Alba , Langemeyer Johannes , Codina Xavier , Gilabert Joan , Guilera Nacho , Vidal Veronica , Segura Ricard , Vives Mar , Villalba Gara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe rigorous traffic limitations during COVID-19 have forced many people to work from home, reaching an outstanding degree of teleworking and reduction in air pollution. This exceptional situation can be examined as a large-scale pilot test to determine the potential of improving urban air quality through teleworking. Based on observed traffic reductions during the COVID-19 lockdown in Barcelona, we formulate socio-occupational scenarios, with various configurations of teleworking, and simulate them using the chemistry transport model WRF-Chem with multi-layer urban scheme. By intensifying teleworking to 2, 3, and 4 days a week, averaged NO2 concentrations are reduced by 4% (−1.5 μg m−3), 8% (−3 μg m−3), and 10% (−6 μg m−3), respectively, while O3 increases moderately (up to 3 μg m−3). We propose that teleworking be prioritized and promoted as an effective contribution towards reduction of long-term urban air pollution and short-term pollution peaks.
Verbal Response Inhibition in Adults Who Stutter
Authors: Treleaven Shanley B. , Coalson Geoffrey A. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeAdults who stutter (AWS) often attempt, with varying degrees of success, to suppress their stuttered speech. The ability to effectively suppress motoric behavior after initiation relies on executive functions such as nonselective inhibition. Although previous studies found that AWS were slower to inhibit manual, button-press response than adults who do not stutter (AWNS), research has yet to confirm a consistent relationship between manual and verbal inhibition. No study has examined verbal inhibition ability in AWS. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to compare verbal response inhibition between AWS and AWNS, and compare verbal response inhibition to both the overt stuttering and the lived experience of stuttering.MethodThirty-four adults (17 AWNS, 17 AWS) completed one manual and three verbal stop-signal tasks. AWS were assessed for stuttering severity (Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition: SSI-4) and experience with stuttering (Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience With Stuttering [OASES]).ResultsResults indicate no correlation between manual and verbal inhibition for either group. Generalized linear mixed-model analyses suggested no significant group differences in manual or verbal inhibition. Manual and verbal inhibition did not predict SSI-4 in AWS. However, verbal inhibition was uniquely associated with OASES scores.ConclusionAlthough underlying manual and verbal inhibition was comparable between AWS and AWNS, verbal inhibition may be linked to the adverse experience of stuttering rather than the overt symptoms of stuttering severity.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15145185
Enhancing SLP Students' Perceptions of Older Persons and Collaborative Practice Through Geriatric Interprofessional Teamwork
Authors: Watson Jennifer B. , Drulia Teresa , Lynch Laurel 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
To address the need for practice-ready geriatric health professionals, the Seniors Assisting in Geriatric Education (SAGE) program was developed and implemented by two partnering institutions. This study examines speech-language pathology students' perceptions of interprofessional (IP) teamwork and older persons following participation in the SAGE program. Specifically, students reflected on their IP competencies and attitudes toward older persons and overall perceptions of their SAGE experience and how this experience may impact their future practice.

Method

IP teams of three or four students (
n
= 662) from eight disciplines and two partnering institutions participated in the SAGE program. Over three semesters, IP student teams visited a senior mentor's home, completing assignments aimed at growing skills in geriatric collaborative care. A mixed-method approach was used to examine 20 speech-language pathology students' perceptions post-SAGE. Students completed two questionnaires and provided written and verbal feedback, including retrospective pre–post comparisons.

Results
Moderate positive effect sizes were observed on retrospective reports examining perceptions of IP knowledge, attitudes, and skills. These reports were consistent with responses to additional questions examining values/ethics, roles and responsibilities, IP communication, and teamwork. Quantitative and qualitative measures reflected predominantly positive attitudes toward older persons, including an appreciation for older adults, increased knowledge and skills in geriatric care, and an interest in working with older persons in the future.

Conclusions
Speech-language pathology students participating on an IP geriatric team reported improved knowledge, attitudes, and skills in geriatric collaborative care. Additional study is needed to determine the impact of this experience on students' behaviors as future IP team members.
Disk fragmentation in high-mass star formation
Authors: Suri S. , Beuther H. , Gieser C. , Ahmadi A. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Winters J. M. , Linz H. , Henning Th. , Beltrán M. T. , Bosco F. , Cesaroni R. , Csengeri T. , Feng S. , Hoare M. G. , Johnston K. G. , Klaassen P. , Kuiper R. , Leurini S. , Longmore S. , Lumsden S. , Maud L. , Moscadelli L. , Möller T. , Palau A. , Peters T. , Pudritz R. E. , Ragan S. E. , Semenov D. , Schilke P. , Urquhart J. S. , Wyrowski F. , Zinnecker H. 
Published: August 2021

Context. Increasing evidence suggests that, similar to their low-mass counterparts, high-mass stars form through a disk-mediated accretion process. At the same time, formation of high-mass stars still necessitates high accretion rates, and hence, high gas densities, which in turn can cause disks to become unstable against gravitational fragmentation.
Aims. We study the kinematics and fragmentation of the disk around the high-mass star forming region AFGL 2591-VLA 3 which was hypothesized to be fragmenting based on the observations that show multiple outflow directions.
Methods. We use a new set of high-resolution (0′′.19) IRAM/NOEMA observations at 843 μm towards VLA 3 which allow us to resolve its disk, characterize the fragmentation, and study its kinematics. In addition to the 843 μm continuum emission, our spectral setup targets warm dense gas and outflow tracers such as HCN, HC3N and SO2, as well as vibrationally excited HCN lines.
Results. The high resolution continuum and line emission maps reveal multiple fragments with subsolar masses within the inner ~1000 AU of VLA 3. Furthermore, the velocity field of the inner disk observed at 843 μm shows a similar behavior to that of the larger scale velocity field studied in the CORE project at 1.37 mm.
Conclusions. We present the first observational evidence for disk fragmentation towards AFGL 2591-VLA 3, a source that was thought to be a single high-mass core. While the fragments themselves are low-mass, the rotation of the disk is dominated by the protostar with a mass of 10.3 ± 1.8 M⊙. These data also show that NOEMA Band 4 can obtain the highest currently achievable spatial resolution at (sub-)mm wavelengths in observations of strong northern sources.
Systemic Inflammation after Uniport, Multiport, or Hybrid VATS Lobectomy for Lung Cancer
Authors: Tacconi Federico , Carlea Federica , La Rocca Eleonora , Vanni Gianluca , Ambrogi Vincenzo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Different video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) approaches can be adopted to perform lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer. Given the hypothetical link existing between postoperative inflammation and long-term outcomes, we compared the dynamics of systemic inflammation markers after VATS lobectomy performed with uniportal access (UNIVATS), multiportal access (MVATS), or hybrid approach (minimally invasive hybrid open surgery, MIHOS).
Methods Peripheral blood-derived inflammation markers (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte [NTL] ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte [PTL] ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index [SII]) were measured preoperatively and until postoperative day 5 in 109 patients undergoing UNIVATS, MVATS, or MIHOS lobectomy. Differences were compared through repeated-measure analysis of variance, before and after 1:1:1 propensity score matching. Time-to-event analysis was also done by measuring time to NTL normalization, based on the reliability change index for each patient.
Results After UNIVATS, there was a faster decrease in NTL ratio (p = 0.015) and SII (p = 0.019) compared with other approaches. MVATS exhibited more pronounced PTL rebound (p = 0.011). However, all these differences disappeared in matched analysis. After MIHOS, NTL ratio normalization took longer (mean difference: 0.7 ± 0.2 days, p = 0.047), yet MIHOS was not independently associated with slower normalization at Cox's regression analysis (p = 0.255, odds ratio: 1.6, confidence interval: 0.7–4.0). Furthermore, surgical access was not associated with cumulative postoperative morbidity, nor was it with incidence of postoperative pneumonia.
Conclusion In this study, different VATS approaches resulted into unsubstantial differences in postoperative systemic inflammatory response, after adjusting for confounders. The majority of patients returned back to preoperative values by postoperative day 5 independently on the adopted surgical access. Further studies are needed to elaborate whether these small differences may still be relevant to patient management.
Novel Pathogenic DNAH5 Variants in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: Association with Visceral Heterotaxia and Neonatal Cholestasis
Authors: Lin Hong T. , Gupta Anita , Bove Kevin E. , Szabo Sara , Xu Fang , Krentz Anthony , Shillington Amelle L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 gene codes for a subunit of axonemal dynein necessary for ciliary motor function. Though research has elucidated the consequences of some variants in this gene, it is still unclear whether many variants in the DNAH5 locus are benign or pathogenic due to the rarity of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD, of which Kartagener's syndrome is a subset). Here, we introduce the case of an infant boy presenting with the classical findings of PCD along with visceral heterotaxia and neonatal cholestasis. Genetic testing indicated that the patient is a compound heterozygote with a pathogenic c.8498G > A (known as pathogenic) on the maternally derived allele and two variants of uncertain significance, c.1206T > A and c.7800T > G, on the paternally derived allele. As PCD is autosomal recessive, we conclude that one, or both, of these paternally derived variants are pathogenic. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the clinical implications of c.1206T > A (p.Asn402Lys) and c.7800T > G (p.Ile2600Met) are documented. Furthermore, we use this case as an example to recommend clinicians to assess for PCD and laterality defects when presented with severe infantile cholestasis. While the association of cholestasis with PCD is relatively uncommon, PCD is a risk factor for increased prevalence of biliary atresia and infections, both of which are known causes of cholestasis in early infancy.
Reciprocal antagonistic regulation of E3 ligases controls ACC synthase stability and responses to stress
Authors: Lee Han Yong , Park Hye Lin , Park Chanung , Chen Yi-Chun , Yoon Gyeong Mee 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Protein homeostasis is critical for the proper growth and development of organisms. In ethylene biosynthesis, the protein abundance of ACC synthases (ACS), the rate-limiting enzymes in ethylene biosynthesis, is critical to control ethylene production and is regulated in part through crosstalk with other phytohormones. However, the underlying mechanism including regulatory components that integrate the crosstalk is poorly understood. This study identified a mechanism that employs the reciprocal degradation of two E3 ligase components to control the stability of ACS in a brassinosteroid and phosphoprotein-binding protein-dependent manner. The disruption of the reciprocal degradation between the E3 ligases compromises the survival of plants under carbon starvation. These findings have implications for understanding ethylene biosynthesis regulation, protein homeostasis, and its associated stress response.
Optical spectral weight, phase stiffness, and
T

c

bounds for trivial and topological flat band superconductors
Authors: Verma Nishchhal , Hazra Tamaghna , Randeria Mohit 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Understanding superconductivity in flat bands is a problem of great interest in view of recent experiments in moiré materials. Electrons have no kinetic energy in flat bands, and, thus, transport of charge is entirely driven by interactions, making this a strong coupling problem, with additional complexity arising from the topology of the electronic states. We present exact analytical results that give insight into how the quantum geometry of the flat-band wavefunctions determines the interaction-induced transport and superconductivity. Our results also highlight important differences between topologically trivial and nontrivial flat bands.