bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic and behavioral changes in older adults during cognitively demanding dual tasks
Authors: Salzman Talia , Tobón Vallejo Diana , Polskaia Nadia , Michaud Lucas , St‐Amant Gabrielle , Lajoie Yves , Fraser Sarah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionExecutive functions play a fundamental role in walking by integrating information from cognitive‐motor pathways. Subtle changes in brain and behavior may help identify older adults who are more susceptible to executive function deficits with advancing age due to prefrontal cortex deterioration. This study aims to examine how older adults mitigate executive demands while walking during cognitively demanding tasks.MethodsTwenty healthy older adults (M = 71.8 years, SD = 6.4) performed simple reaction time (SRT), go/no‐go (GNG), n‐back (NBK), and double number sequence (DNS) cognitive tasks of increasing difficulty while walking (i.e., dual task). Functional near infra‐red spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure the hemodynamic response (i.e., oxy‐ [HbO2] and deoxyhemoglobin [HbR]) changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during dual and single tasks (i.e., walking alone). In addition, performance was measured using gait speed (m/s), response time (s), and accuracy (% correct).ResultsUsing repeated measures ANOVAs, neural findings demonstrated a main effect of task such that ∆HbO2 (p = .047) and ∆HbR (p = .040) decreased between single and dual tasks. An interaction between task and cognitive difficulty (p = .014) revealed that gait speed decreased in the DNS between single and dual tasks. A main effect of task in response time indicated that the SRT response time was faster than all other difficulty levels (p < .001). Accuracy performance declined between single and dual tasks (p = .028) and across difficulty levels (p < .001) but was not significantly different between the NBK and DNS.ConclusionFindings suggest that a healthy older adult sample might mitigate executive demands using an automatic locomotor control strategy such that shifting conscious attention away from walking during the dual tasks resulted in decreased ∆HbO2 and ∆HbR. However, decreased prefrontal activation was inefficient at maintaining response time and accuracy performance and may be differently affected by increasing cognitive demands.
Asymmetric effects of corporate sustainability strategy on value creation among global automotive firms: A dynamic panel quantile regression approach
Authors: Lin Woon Leong , Lee Chin , Law Siong Hook 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study explores the asymmetric effects of corporate sustainability strategy on firm value at different conditioning quantiles by performing a dynamic panel quantile regression analysis on global automotive firms from 2011 to 2017. Further, this study measures the distinct effects of positive and negative corporate sustainability strategies on firm value, which has remained unconsidered as yet. The findings suggest that low‐value and midvalue firms respond more strongly to positive and negative corporate sustainability strategies than high‐value firms. This implies that for low‐value and midvalue corporations that are in a growth phase, an investment in positive corporate sustainability strategies is essential to increase firm value by enhancing public perception of their efforts. Therefore, positive corporate sustainability strategy contributes substantially to future growth. Conversely, positive corporate sustainability strategy may not be a priority in increasing firm value for high‐value corporations, because these strategies do not enhance the public's discernment of their efforts in ethics management and hence do not contribute to a future increase in value. Meanwhile, engagement in negative corporate sustainability strategy worsens firm value in all quantiles, although the effect is somewhat weaker for high‐value firms. Nevertheless, however high valued and well established a firm is, it is not immune to crisis.
Ego‐resiliency in borderline personality disorder and the mediating role of positive and negative affect on its associations with symptom severity and quality of life in daily life
Authors: Harpøth Tine S.D. , Yeung Ellen W. , Trull Timothy J. , Simonsen Erik , Kongerslev Mickey T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious mental health condition associated with severe symptoms of distress and poor quality of life (QoL). Research outside the field of BPD suggests that ego‐resiliency is negatively associated with psychopathology and positively associated with a range of positive life outcomes. Thus, ego‐resiliency may be a valuable construct for furthering our understanding and treatment of BPD. However, the mechanisms linking ego‐resiliency to psychopathology and QoL in relation to BPD have not been examined and explored by research. This study has addressed this gap in the collective knowledge by evaluating whether within‐person associations between daily reports of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) mediated the relationship between ego‐resiliency, BPD symptom severity, and QoL. For 21 consecutive days, 72 women diagnosed with BPD completed end‐of‐day electronic assessments regarding ego‐resiliency, PA and NA, symptom severity, and QoL. Multilevel structural equation modelling established that PA and NA were parallel mediators linking ego‐resiliency with BPD symptom severity and QoL. As hypothesized, the path to QoL was stronger through PA than through NA. The mediation paths through NA and PA to BPD symptom severity were both significant, but their strength did not differ. Our findings align with the assertions of theories on emotion, thus suggesting a two‐factor approach to PA and NA. Future research can build on these findings by developing psychotherapeutic interventions designed not only to reduce symptom severity but also to enhance PA in individuals with BPD and determine whether an increase in PA is associated with improved QoL.
Object relations assessment predicts outpatients' attrition, early working alliance and psychotherapy process
Authors: Vaughn Kristin Niemeyer , Jenkins Sharon Rae , Weber Katherine M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the predictive utility of assessing clients' object relations functioning to prognosticate therapy dropout, quality of the early working alliance and psychotherapy process events reported by clients after their first five sessions. Clients accepting a recruitment invitation were administered the thematic apperception test (TAT) shortly after intake, and those still in treatment three to four sessions later rated the working alliance and psychotherapy process events. Participants were 47 clients beginning psychotherapy with advanced doctoral practicum students at a university‐based community‐serving training clinic. The Social Cognition and Object Relations Scales (SCORS), an object relations scoring system for TAT stories, was used to assess object relations functioning. The California Psychotherapy Alliance Scales—Patient form measured four dimensions of the alliance. The Therapy Orientation Process Scales, created from the Psychotherapy Process Q‐set, measured clients' perceptions of therapy process events as involving relatively more psychodynamic or cognitive behavioural techniques. The SCORS significantly predicted remaining in therapy, client ratings of stronger working alliance and typical therapy process as more psychodynamic than cognitive behavioural. SCORS complexity of representations and capacity for emotional investment in relationships scales were the strongest predictors, especially of the patient commitment facet of the alliance. The findings suggest that (1) beginning psychotherapy with object relations assessment can be useful for treatment planning and (2) the relationship between clients' object relations functioning, working alliance and greater sensitivity to psychodynamic than to cognitive behavioural interventions depends on the aspect of object relations that is being assessed.
Card pull effects of the Thematic Apperception Test using the Social Cognition and Object Relations‐Global Rating Method on complex psychiatric sample
Authors: Ridenour Jeremy M. , Lewis Katie C. , Siefert Caleb J. , Pitman Seth R. , Knauss Daniel , Stein Michelle B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn recent years, there has been growing interest in examining the stimulus pull effects on respondent narratives to the Thematic Apperception Test (Murray, 1943) using standardized coding methods such as the Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale–Global Rating Method (SCORS‐G; Stein, Hilsenroth, Slavin‐Mulford, & Pinsker, 2011; Westen, 1995). The present study expands on prior work by examining sources of variance in SCORS‐G dimensions and card pull effect patterns in an adult clinical sample characterized by high psychiatric comorbidity and clinical severity. A sample of 158 adult psychiatric patients in long‐term residential treatment provided narratives to 10 TAT cards (five of which have not previously been studied for pull effects). Cards 2 and 7BM pulled for significantly more adaptive narratives (positive pull), whereas Card 13MF pulled for more pathological stories (negative pull). Like prior studies, variance in cognitive dimensions of the SCORS‐G was most explained by person effects, whereas the largest source of variance for all other dimensions was best explained by a combination of the card and the person effects on the narrative. Finally, exploratory analyses of card pull effects within different gender groups were conducted. The implications of these findings for performance‐based future studies and possible clinical applications of card pull findings are discussed.
Circuit system based on cloud edge fusion and outdoor intelligent light networking
Authors: Jin Renyun , Qiu Haifeng , Weng Liguo , Yu Bin , Chen Jie , Zhang Yanghui 
Published: January 2021

SummaryWith the continuous improvement of the national design standards of urban road lighting system, the intelligent, automatic, and remote management of urban street lighting system by using modern computer technology and the rapid development of Internet of things technology have become one of the important symbols of modern city. This paper mainly studies the circuit system based on cloud edge fusion outdoor intelligent light networking. Based on the development of wireless networking technology of new light source and sensor and data communication and processing technology of Internet of things, this paper analyzes the development trend and support status of intelligent lighting system, summarizes the overall demand for intelligent lighting system, and proposes a complete set of communication interface software, data‐processing software, operation management software, and street lamp controller group system architecture. The street lamp controller realizes the short distance wireless network through ZigBee technology and realizes the communication interaction of control and state acquisition data by GPRS wireless transmission technology. This paper tests the real‐time performance, packet loss rate, and stability of sensor data service provided by sensor nodes in the system. Finally, the monitoring experiments of the lighting circuit system are carried out, and the status of all street lamps in the centralized controller of street lamps is inquired every 5 min for 20 times. In these 20 times, the success rate of the first return of the switch state of the lamp is 100%, while that of the current and voltage is 98.6%. The experimental results show that the design of the lighting circuit system is feasible and the system runs stable and realizes the intelligent monitoring of the lighting system.
Electrochemical determination of T2 toxin by graphite/polyacrylonitrile nanofiber electrode
Authors: Moradi Mona , Azizi‐Lalabadi Maryam , Motamedi Parisa , Sadeghi Ehsan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFabricating graphite electrode corrected with nanofiber by electrospinning as a considerable procedure for utilization in the fluid materials, milk, and syrup for detection of T2 mycotoxin is a significant technique. The modern biosensor was fabricated at normal degrees of room and utilized via buffer Britton–Robinson (B‐R) in pH = 5 to refine the chemico‐mechanical specifications. The electrochemical manner of the modified surface was surveyed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SQWV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The corrected electrode displayed a linear reply to T2 toxin in two distinct concentration ranges of 30–100 nM with correlation coefficients of 0.99. The greatest signals in the square wave spectrums for the B‐R buffer created on the uttermost signals of the obtained streams were pH = 5 and 0.5 M of KNO3 for T2 toxin. The modified electrode has a big signal, broad dynamic concentration and high sensitivity and selectivity.
Discriminating subcortical ischemic vascular disease and Alzheimer's disease by diffusion kurtosis imaging in segregated thalamic regions
Authors: Tu Min‐Chien , Huang Sheng‐Min , Hsu Yen‐Hsuan , Yang Jir‐Jei , Lin Chien‐Yuan , Kuo Li‐Wei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDifferentiating between subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and normal cognition (NC) remains a challenge, and reliable neuroimaging biomarkers are needed. The current study, therefore, investigated the discriminative ability of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics in segregated thalamic regions and compare with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. Twenty‐three SIVD patients, 30 AD patients, and 24 NC participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. The DKI metrics including mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (Kaxial) and radial kurtosis (Kradial) and the DTI metrics including diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured within the whole thalamus and segregated thalamic subregions. Strategic correlations by group, thalamo‐frontal connectivity, and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) were used to demonstrate the discriminative ability of DKI for SIVD, AD, and NC. Whole and segregated thalamus analysis suggested that DKI metrics are less affected by white matter hyperintensities compared to DTI metrics. Segregated thalamic analysis showed that MK and Kradial were notably different between SIVD and AD/NC. The correlation analysis between Kaxial and MK showed a nonsignificant relationship in SIVD group, a trend of negative relationship in AD group, and a significant positive relationship in NC group. A wider spatial distribution of thalamo‐frontal connectivity differences across groups was shown by MK compared to FA. CDA showed a discriminant power of 97.4% correct classification using all DKI metrics. Our findings support that DKI metrics could be more sensitive than DTI metrics to reflect microstructural changes within the gray matter, hence providing complementary information for currently outlined pathogenesis of SIVD and AD.
Sex differences in outcomes of acute pancreatitis: Findings from a nationwide analysis
Authors: Sharma Sachit , Weissman Simcha , Aburayyan Kanana , Acharya Ashu , Aziz Muhammad , Systrom Hannah K. , Lew Daniel , Vohra Ishaan , Feuerstein Joseph D. , Pandol Stephen J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundSex is thought to play a significant role in predicting outcomes in numerous diseases. The role sex plays in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains limited. We sought to determine if sex is associated with hospitalization outcomes in this population, using a large national database.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of adult patients with AP utilizing the 2016 and 2017 National Inpatient Sample via ICD‐10 codes. The clinical courses of females were compared to that of males. The primary outcome was all‐cause inpatient mortality. Secondary outcomes, including healthcare utilization, were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA, version 16.1.ResultsOf the 553 480 adult patients hospitalized with AP; 25.3% had AP secondary to alcohol (61.4% male, 38.6% female) and 17.44% secondary to gallstones (48.6% male, 51.4% female). Females were significantly older than males (52.81 years vs 50.97 years, P < .01). Females had a significantly lower likelihood of mortality (aOR: 0.69), shock (aOR: 0.64), sepsis (aOR: 0.70), acute kidney injury (aOR 0.66), intensive care unit admission (aOR 0.53), and pancreatic drainage (aOR 0.61) as compared to males (all with P < .01). There was no significant difference between females and males with regards to mean length of stay and hospitalization charges and costs.ConclusionsIn this large cohort of patients admitted for AP, despite being significantly older, we found that females had significantly improved clinical outcomes, including lower mortality, compared to males. Further prospective studies are needed to accurately understand these differences to guide clinical practice.
Behavioral and neural evidence on consumer responses to human doctors and medical artificial intelligence
Authors: Yun Jin Ho , Lee Eun‐Ju , Kim Dong Hyun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWill consumers accept artificial intelligence (AI) as a medical care provider? On the basis of evolution theory, we investigate the implicit psychological mechanisms that underlie consumers’ interactions with medical AI and a human doctor. In a behavioral investigation (Study 1), consumers expressed a positive intention to use medical AI's healthcare services when it used personalized rather than mechanical conversation. However, neural investigation (Study 2) using functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that some consumers’ implicit attitudes toward medical AI differed from their expressed behavioral intentions. The brain areas linked with implicitly apathetic emotions were activated even when medical AI used a personalized conversation, whereas consumers’ brains were activated in areas associated with prosociality when they interacted with a human doctor who used a personalized conversation. On the basis of our neural evidence, consumers perceive an identical personalized conversation differently when it is offered by a medical AI versus a human doctor. These findings have implications for the area of human–AI interactions and medical decision‐making and suggest that replacing human doctors with medical AI is still an unrealistic proposition.
Hybrid structural electronics printing by novel dry film stereolithography and laser induced forward transfer
Authors: Levy Asaf , Bernstein Toker Gil , Winter Shoshana , Cohen Sharona S. , Ermak Oleg , Peled Itay , Kotler Zvi , Gelbstein Yaniv 
Published: January 2021

Abstract3D printing has seen much progress in recent decades with the introduction of new materials and printing techniques. This article describes the combination of a novel, stereolithography (SLA) based method for structural material buildup with laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) printing of conductive and resistive elements and placement of commercial active and passive components for the additive manufacturing of 3D functional electronic devices. The structural material is composed of dry film photoresists that are exposed and laminated to form a stack which is later developed to remove unexposed area and reveal the desired free form shape. Interconnection using pillar penetration between the structural layers is described in detail. Several examples of functional objects (lamp, microphone) demonstrate the practicality of this novel, multi material printing method.
A new preconditioning approach for an interior point‐proximal method of multipliers for linear and convex quadratic programming
Authors: Bergamaschi Luca , Gondzio Jacek , Martínez Ángeles , Pearson John W. , Pougkakiotis Spyridon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this article, we address the efficient numerical solution of linear and quadratic programming problems, often of large scale. With this aim, we devise an infeasible interior point method, blended with the proximal method of multipliers, which in turn results in a primal‐dual regularized interior point method. Application of this method gives rise to a sequence of increasingly ill‐conditioned linear systems which cannot always be solved by factorization methods, due to memory and CPU time restrictions. We propose a novel preconditioning strategy which is based on a suitable sparsification of the normal equations matrix in the linear case, and also constitutes the foundation of a block‐diagonal preconditioner to accelerate MINRES for linear systems arising from the solution of general quadratic programming problems. Numerical results for a range of test problems demonstrate the robustness of the proposed preconditioning strategy, together with its ability to solve linear systems of very large dimension.
Is the emerging mite pest Aculops lycopersici controllable? Global and genome‐based insights in its biology and management
Authors: Vervaet Lore , De Vis Raf , De Clercq Patrick , Van Leeuwen Thomas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOver the last decade, the tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici, has become a major pest in tomato crops worldwide, both in open‐field and protected cultivation. Its minute size of 150 to 200 μm complicates early detection and monitoring in tomato crops. Passive dispersal occurs via air currents, crop management practices and commercial trade. Chemical control of Aculops lycopersici is difficult. Altered product use from broad spectrum pesticides towards selective acaricides, to meet integrated pest management (IPM) standards, has created better conditions for the rapid expansion of this specialized eriophyid mite. Moreover, practical implementation of promising natural enemies is challenging due to the complexity of biological control in tomato crops. Trichomes on tomato negatively affect arthropod natural enemies, but provide a refuge for the tomato russet mite. Despite the cosmopolitan nature of Aculops lycopersici, knowledge associated with IPM is limited and fragmented. This review describes fundamental biological data on Aculops lycopersici from the last 20 years and novel developments in the field of prevention, monitoring, chemical and biological control. The recent analysis of the genome sequence will be helpful in the development of a sustainable control strategy for Aculops lycopersici. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Double‐diffusive convection in a rotating viscoelastic fluid layer
Authors: Raghunatha Kondethimmanahalli Rangadhamappa , Shivakumara Inapura Siddagangaiah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe linear instability and a weakly nonlinear stability of a rotating double‐diffusive convection in a viscoelastic fluid layer are investigated. An Oldroyd‐B constitutive equation is used to describe the rheological behavior of the viscoelastic fluid. Several remarkable departures from those of single‐diffusive and double‐diffusive viscoelastic fluid systems are explored by performing the linear instability analysis. Under certain conditions, it is observed that (i) a non‐rotating double diffusive viscoelastic fluid layer becomes destabilized by rotation, (ii) a rotating viscoelastic fluid layer gets destabilized by the addition of heavy solute to the bottom of the layer, (iii) disconnected closed convex oscillatory neutral curve from the stationary neutral curve exists, and (iv) three critical thermal Rayleigh numbers are required to specify the linear instability criteria, as opposed to a single critical value. The nature of linear instability characteristics for Oldroyd‐B, Maxwell and Newtonian fluids is found to be contradictory for the identical values of governing parameters. By performing a weakly nonlinear stability analysis, a cubic Landau equation for the amplitude corresponding to stationary convection is derived and the stability of bifurcating equilibrium solution is discussed. The viscoelastic parameters influence the stability of stationary bifurcation despite their effect is not felt on the stationary onset. The influence of various parameters on heat and mass transfer is also elucidated.