Clinical data for paediatric research: the Swiss approach
Authors: Rakic Milenko , Jaboyedoff Manon , Bachmann Sara , Berger Christoph , Diezi Manuel , do Canto Philipp , Forrest Christopher B. , Frey Urs , Fuchs Oliver , Gervaix Alain , Gluecksberg Amalia Stefani , Grotzer Michael , Heininger Ulrich , Kahlert Christian R. , Kaiser Daniela , Kopp Matthias V. , Lauener Roger , Neuhaus Thomas J. , Paioni Paolo , Posfay-Barbe Klara , Ramelli Gian Paolo , Simeoni Umberto , Simonetti Giacomo , Sokollik Christiane , Spycher Ben D. , Kuehni Claudia E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose
Continuous improvement of health and healthcare system is hampered by inefficient processes of generating new evidence, particularly in the case of rare diseases and paediatrics. Currently, most evidence is generated through specific research projects, which typically require extra encounters with patients, are costly and entail long delays between the recognition of specific needs in healthcare and the generation of necessary evidence to address those needs. The Swiss Personalised Health Network (SPHN) aims to improve the use of data obtained during routine healthcare encounters by harmonizing data across Switzerland and facilitating accessibility for research. The project “Harmonising the collection of health-related data and biospecimens in paediatric hospitals throughout Switzerland (SwissPedData)” was an infrastructure development project funded by the SPHN, which aimed to identify and describe available data on child health in Switzerland and to agree on a standardised core dataset for electronic health records across all paediatric teaching hospitals. Here, we describe the results of a two-day symposium that aimed to summarise what had been achieved in the SwissPedData project, to put it in an international context, and to discuss the next steps for a sustainable future. The target audience included clinicians and researchers who produce and use health-related data on children in Switzerland.

Key highlights
The symposium consisted of state-of-the-art lectures from national and international keynote speakers, workshops and plenary discussions. This manuscript summarises the talks and discussions in four sections: (I) a description of the Swiss Personalized Health Network and the results of the SwissPedData project; (II) examples of similar initiatives from other countries; (III) an overview of existing health-related datasets and projects in Switzerland; and (IV) a summary of the lessons learned and future prospective from workshops and plenary discussions.

Implications
Streamlined processes linking initial collection of information during routine healthcare encounters, standardised recording of this information in electronic health records and fast accessibility for research are essential to accelerate research in child health and make it affordable. Ongoing projects prove that this is feasible in Switzerland and elsewhere. International collaboration is vital to success. The next steps include the implementation of the SwissPedData core dataset in the clinical information systems of Swiss hospitals, the use of this data to address priority research questions, and the acquisition of sustainable funding to support a slim central infrastructure and local support in each hospital. This will lay the foundation for a national paediatric learning health system in Switzerland.