bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Implementing Community‐Based Dental Education
Authors: Taylor Millicent , Carr Sandra E. , Kujan Omar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCommunity‐based dental education (CBDE) is essential for equipping dental students with the practical skills required for independent practice while simultaneously addressing the oral health needs of the community through real‐world experiential learning. The success of CBDE initiatives rely on effective collaboration across stakeholders, including educational institutions, community organisations, and students, to address both faculty educational goals and community oral health needs. This paper introduces a practical toolbox to support CBDE program implementation. Developed from an extensive literature review, analysis of relevant case studies, and insights from the authors' experiences, the toolbox provides structured, evidence‐based guidance on planning, administration, and ongoing evaluation for CBDE programs. Key components include strategies for fostering robust partnerships with community organisations, designing program components that maximise student engagement, and implementing continuous quality improvement practices. The toolbox emphasises creating an adaptable framework that ensures CBDE programs remain responsive to the evolving needs of both students and the communities they serve and sustain long‐term collaborations.
Assessment of Particle Candidates for Falling Particle Receiver Applications Through Irradiance and Thermal Cycling
Authors: Schroeder Nathan , Bush H. Evan , Albrecht Kevin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Falling particle receiver (FPR) systems are a rapidly developing technology for concentrating solar power applications. Solid particles are used as both the heat transfer fluid and system thermal energy storage media. Through the direct irradiation of the solid particles, flux and temperature limitations of tube-bundle receivers can be overcome, leading to higher operating temperatures and energy conversion efficiencies. Candidate particles for FPR systems must be resistant to changes in optical properties during long-term exposure to high temperatures and thermal cycling in highly concentrated solar irradiance. Seven candidate particles—two previously tested particles such as CARBOBEAD HSP 40/70 and CARBOBEAD CP 40/100 and the five novel particles such as CARBOBEAD MAX HD 35, CARBOBEAD Solar HSP, CARBOBEAD Solar CP, CARBOBEAD Solar MAX HD, and WanLi Diamond Black—were tested using simulated solar flux cycling and tube furnace thermal aging. Each particle candidate was exposed for 10,000 cycles (simulating the exposure of a 30-year lifetime of a concentrated solar power plant) using a shutter to attenuate the solar simulator flux. Feedback from a pyrometer temperature measurement of the irradiated particle surface was used to control the maximum temperatures of 775 °C and 975 °C. Particle solar-weighted absorptance and emittance were measured at 2000 cycle intervals. Particle thermal degradation was also studied by heating particles to 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C for 300 h in a tube furnace purged with bottled unpurified air. Here, particle absorptance and emittance were measured at 100-h intervals. Measurements taken after irradiance cycling and thermal aging were compared to measurements taken from as-received particles. WanLi Diamond Black particles had the highest initial value for solar-weighted absorptance, 96%, but degraded up to 4% in irradiance cycling and 6% in thermal aging. CARBOBEAD HSP 40/70 particles currently in use in the prototype FPR at the National Solar Thermal Test Facility had an initial value of 95% solar absorptance with up to a 1% drop after irradiance cycling and 4% drop after 1000 °C thermal aging.
An Improved Random Forest Model for Online Prediction of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions and Its Industrial Application
Authors: He Kaixun , Ding Haixiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accurate and real-time detection of nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentration at the inlet of a denitrification reactor plays a key role in controlling NOx emission in thermal power plants. However, time delays often exist when using the traditional continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) to obtain NOx concentration. In the present work, a data-driven method based on random forest (RF) is proposed to address this issue. First, a heuristic method is proposed for extracting variables that are beneficial for modeling based on the maximum information coefficient (MIC). To tune the threshold of MIC, an RF regression model is constructed, and the MIC threshold can be adjusted iteratively. Then, the variable importance index of RF is used in evaluating the remaining variables, and redundant variables are deleted. Second, an improved RF regression algorithm is used to establish NOx emission prediction model and an updating strategy is proposed to ensure that the model can be maintained timely and effectively when applied online. Finally, the proposed method is tested using a real-world industrial dataset. The results show that the proposed method has a greater prediction accuracy (root-mean-squared error (RMSE) = 2.90 mg/m3, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) = 1.41%, mean absolute error (MAE) = 2.01 mg/m3, and R2 = 0.96 on industrial dataset) and robustness compared to traditional models.
Skill Decay of a Standing Handcuffing Technique on Brazilian Police Officers
Authors: Ziel-Beltrão Renan , Eleutério-da-Rocha José , Freire Flávio Dalossa 
Published: January 2025

This study investigated skill decay among Brazilian police officers in handcuffing techniques. The aim was to assess whether officers maintained their performance approximately 1 month after retraining and if there were differences between officers on bureaucratic versus regular duties. Twenty-one officers were distributed into two groups (bureaucratic and regular groups) and a retraining session on a standardized handcuffing technique. Participants practiced until achieving a performance threshold, measured by the number of correct steps. The experimenters also registered handcuffing execution times. Results from the retest 4 weeks later showed a decline in correct steps below the threshold for both groups, indicating skill decay. However, between-group differences were not significant, and there was no statistically significant impact on execution times. These findings suggest a failure to retain skills, with similar decay observed among bureaucratic and patrol officers. Possible explanations and implications of these results were discussed.
Empagliflozin in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (EMPA-PKD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bahlmann-Kroll Elisabeth , Häckl Sebastian , Kramer Stefanie , Wulfmeyer Vera Christine , Glandorf Julian , Kaufeld Jessica , Koch Armin , Hartung Dagmar , Schmidt Bernhard M W , Schmidt-Ott Kai , Schmitt Roland 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary condition that causes the formation of cysts primarily in the kidneys. The continuous growth of multiple cysts leads to the destruction of functional parenchyma, which may progress to end-stage kidney disease. Tolvaptan is the only drug specifically approved for slowing down the progression of ADPKD. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors might provide additional benefits but there is currently no information on safety and outcome effects of SGLT2i in patients with ADPKD, as these patients were excluded in SGLT2i trials. In particular, there has been speculation that SGLT2i might increase cyst growth and accelerate the loss of kidney function in ADPKD. The EMPA-PKD trial is assessing the safety of empagliflozin in patients with rapid progressive ADPKD with and without concomitant tolvaptan use by monitoring the total kidney volume and the loss of kidney function.

Methods and analysis
This is an investigator-initiated, double-blind, single-centre, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial including patients with rapidly progressive ADPKD (n=44). Participants will be randomly allocated (1:1) to receive a daily dose of either empagliflozin (10 mg/day) or placebo for 18 months. Patients will be stratified according to concomitant tolvaptan use. The primary endpoint is the progression of cystic kidney growth by monitoring MRI-based changes in total kidney volume and the secondary endpoint is the change in glomerular filtration rate. Additional endpoints include changes in copeptin levels, albuminuria and blood pressure.

Ethics and dissemination
The protocol has been approved by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) after review by the independent ethics committee Landesarztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz. Participation in this study will be voluntary and informed consent will be obtained. Regardless of the outcome, the results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed international medical journal.

Trial registration numbers
EU-CT number 2023-505890-34-00,NCT06391450.
Applying the health capability profile: an analytical study of leading causes of death in the USA and of pressing public health issues
Authors: Coste Marion , Prah Jennifer J. 
Published: January 2025

Public health problems are complex; investigating them requires a framework that both accounts for multiple interactions among individuals and their intermediate and broader environment and also integrates equity concerns. Incorporating internal and external influences at the individual level, the health capability profile (HCP)’s 15 different health capabilities address this need.Using a systematic three-step deductive content analysis process, we examine hypothetical case studies representing leading causes of death in the USA (eg, heart disease, cancer and diabetes) as well as pressing public health issues such as COVID-19, alcohol use disorder, stigma and discrimination, intimate partner violence and firearm violence. After reviewing the profile (1), each case study is analysed through the framework of the HCP and developed into a flow diagram, through which we identify shortfalls between the observed and optimal levels of each health capability, as well as detrimental or enabling interactions among capabilities (2). We then determine factors and interventions that could help improve overall health capability (3).The HCP harnesses the multitude of unique individual profiles, and through aggregation and analysis, reveals common vulnerabilities (eg, discriminatory social norms and non-evidence-based information), and strengths. It recommends cross-cutting structural policy and programme reforms for institutions, schools, community resources and for individuals to develop a positive set of norms, knowledge, goals, attitudes and habits to chart the path towards health and well-being for all.
The Microstructure and Electrochemical Properties of Tm2O3-Doped CaZrO3
Authors: Lei Chonggui , Ruan Fei , Wu Xi , Bao Jinxiao , Zhang Yonghe , Ma Yuwei , Yang Junting , Liu Guoqi 
Published: January 2025

To understand the microstructure and electrochemical performance of Tm-doped CaZrO3-based proton conductor in more detail, CaZr1−x
Tm
x
O3−δ
(x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1) proton-conducting electrolyte samples were prepared by solid state reaction method at 1523 and 1873 K for 8 h. The crystal structure of the proton-conducting solid electrolyte was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy. An electrochemical workstation was used to measure the electrical conductivity, the H/D isotope effect, and the chemical diffusion coefficient of hydrogen for the CaZr1−x
Tm
x
O3−δ
electrolyte. According to the results, the total conductivity of electrolyte CaZr1−x
Tm
x
O3−δ
falls in 4.83 × 10–6 ∼ 7.22 × 10–4 S cm−1 and the conductivity activation energy is 0.78 to 1.37 eV in oxygen and hydrogen atmosphere at 973 to 1173 °C. The chemical diffusion coefficient of proton in CaZr1−x
Tm
x
O3−δ
proton conductor is between 5.9 × 10–7 and 4.5 × 10–6 cm2 s−1 in the temperature range of 973 to 1373 K and the diffusion activation energy is 55486 kJ mol−1. The interstitial proton concentration falls in 7.97 × 10–4 ∼ 1.21 × 10–3 at 973 to 1073 K under hydrogen rich atmosphere. When the doping concentration (mol/mol) of Tm is 0.05, the electrolyte specimen has excellent electrochemical performance, the concentration of non-associated state Tm is approximately 2% of the total doping amount.
Preparation and Study of Coprecipitated Indium and Dysprosium Hydroxides by Thermal and X-ray Diffraction Analyses
Authors: Malinovskaya Tatiana , Ghyngazov Sergei , Maksimova Nadezhda , Zhek Valentina , Korusenko Petr 
Published: January 2025

X-ray diffraction and thermal analyses, electron microscopy, Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller method, and infrared spectroscopy were used to study the products of coprecipitated indium and dysprosium hydroxides obtained under different conditions of aging in the mother liquor. The paper analyzed the effect of aging conditions on the phase composition, degree of crystallinity, and dispersion of the resulting powders. Samples with a molar ratio of In(III):Dy(III) = 1:1 were studied after aging in the mother liquor under stirring for 10 min, 3 d, and 7 d without heating, and for 7 d at 70 °C. No correlation was found between the aging time of the precipitates and the crystallite size. It was shown that the specific surface and the degree of crystallinity of the precipitates increased significantly at increased aging time. Two mechanisms of precipitate aging were verified: ordering of the structure of hydroxides with the transition from the X-ray amorphous state to the crystalline state and dehydration of metal hydroxides. The study evidenced significant absorption of carbon dioxide by hydroxides during precipitate aging with the formation of carbonates, which result in the release of carbon dioxide during thermal decomposition.
Figure 4 from Replication Stress Is an Actionable Genetic Vulnerability in Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors
Authors: Kawai-Kawachi Asuka , Lenormand Madison M. , Astier Clémence , Herbel Noé , Cutrona Meritxell B. , Ngo Carine , Garrido Marlène , Eychenne Thomas , Dorvault Nicolas , Bordelet Laetitia , Song Feifei , Bouyakoub Ryme , Loktev Anastasia , Romo-Morales Antonio , Henon Clémence , Colmet-Daage Léo , Vibert Julien , Drac Marjorie , Brough Rachel , Schwob Etienne , Martella Oliviano , Pinna Guillaume , Shipley Janet M. , Mittnacht Sibylle , Zimmermann Astrid , Gulati Aditi , Mir Olivier , Le Cesne Axel , Faron Matthieu , Honoré Charles , Lord Christopher J. , Chabanon Roman M. , Postel-Vinay Sophie 
Published: January 2025

<p>EWS–WT1 is a determinant of DSRCT cells’ sensitivity to PARPi and ATRi. <b>A,</b> Western blot of EWS–WT1 in JN1 and R cells transfected with either siCNTRL or siEWS–WT1. Whole-cell lysates were generated 48 hours after transfection. <b>B–E,</b> Dose–response survival curves of JN1 or R cells exposed to PARPi talazoparib (<b>B</b> and <b>C</b>) or ATRi M4344 (<b>D</b> and <b>E</b>) for 7 days in the presence or absence of siRNA-mediated silencing of EWS–WT1. Mean ± SD; <i>n</i> = 3. <b>F</b> and <b>G,</b> Quantification of γH2AX in JN1 cells exposed to DMSO control, PARPi talazoparib, ATRi M4344, or a combination of both for 72 hours, in the presence or absence of siRNA-mediated silencing of EWS–WT1. Cisplatin was used as the positive control. A minimum of 500 nuclei was analyzed per condition. Violin plots show the absolute number of foci per nucleus. Thick line, median; thin lines, bottom and top quartiles; two-way ANOVA and <i>post hoc</i> Dunn test. <b>H</b> and <b>I,</b> Western blots of pCHK1, CHK1, pRPA2, RPA2, γH2AX, H2AX, and EWS–WT1 in JN1 (<b>H</b>) or R (<b>I</b>) cells exposed to DMSO control, PARPi talazoparib (Tala), ATRi M4344, or a combination of both for 48 hours, in the presence or absence of siRNA-mediated silencing of EWS–WT1. ****, <i>P</i> < 0.0001; ns, not significant. </p>
Figure 1 from Replication Stress Is an Actionable Genetic Vulnerability in Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors
Authors: Kawai-Kawachi Asuka , Lenormand Madison M. , Astier Clémence , Herbel Noé , Cutrona Meritxell B. , Ngo Carine , Garrido Marlène , Eychenne Thomas , Dorvault Nicolas , Bordelet Laetitia , Song Feifei , Bouyakoub Ryme , Loktev Anastasia , Romo-Morales Antonio , Henon Clémence , Colmet-Daage Léo , Vibert Julien , Drac Marjorie , Brough Rachel , Schwob Etienne , Martella Oliviano , Pinna Guillaume , Shipley Janet M. , Mittnacht Sibylle , Zimmermann Astrid , Gulati Aditi , Mir Olivier , Le Cesne Axel , Faron Matthieu , Honoré Charles , Lord Christopher J. , Chabanon Roman M. , Postel-Vinay Sophie 
Published: January 2025

<p>A small-molecule inhibitor and drug screen identifies PARPi and ATRi as candidate therapies for DSRCT. <b>A,</b> Schematic illustration of the workflow of small-molecule inhibitor and drug screen performed on the JN1 cell line. <b>B,</b> Waterfall plot displaying the difference in AUC between the JN1 cell line (AUC<sub>JN1</sub>) and the panel of 92 cell lines used for comparison (AUC<sub>median</sub>) for the 79 evaluated small-molecule inhibitors or drugs. Red, PARPi; blue, ATRi; green, conventional cytotoxic. <b>C–F,</b> Dose–response survival curves of the DSRCT cell lines JN1 and R, and the A673 (Ewing sarcoma) and SaOS-2 (osteosarcoma) cell lines exposed to talazoparib (<b>C</b>), olaparib (<b>D</b>), M4344 (<b>E</b>), or AZD6738 (<b>F</b>) for 7 days. Mean ± SD; <i>n</i> = 3. <b>G</b> and <b>H,</b> Violin plots showing the relative sensitivity (log<sub>2</sub>-fold change of cell viability) of cell lines exposed to the PARPi talazoparib (<b>G</b>) or olaparib (<b>H</b>) after a single-dose exposure at 2.5 μmol/L for 5 days in the DepMap database (PRISM Repurposing 23Q2), in comparison with that of the JN1 and R cell lines. JN1 and R cell line sensitivities were extrapolated from the survival assays presented in <b>C</b> and <b>E</b>; SFs were calculated at 2.5 μmol/L and log<sub>2</sub> transformed. Ewing sarcoma cell lines (<i>n</i> = 16): RDES, A673, SKES1, CADOES1, EWS502, MHHES1, EW8, A673STAG2KO16, A673STAG2KO45, A673STAG2NT14, A673STAG2NT23, CBAGPN, CHLA10, SKNEP1, SKPNDW, and TC32; osteosarcoma cell lines (<i>n</i> = 5): G292CLONEA141B1, MG63, U2OS, HOS, and SJSA1; soft-tissue sarcoma cell lines (<i>n</i> = 7): S117, TE617T, HT1080, HS729, RD, RKN, and RH30, including rhabdomyosarcoma (<i>n</i> = 4), leiomyosarcoma (<i>n</i> = 1), fibrosarcoma (<i>n</i> = 1), and NOS sarcoma cell lines (<i>n</i> = 1), respectively. The <i>BRCA1/2</i>-mutant IGROV1 ovarian cancer cell line and <i>BRCA1</i>-mutant MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cell line were used as positive controls for sensitivity to PARPi. **, <i>P</i> < 0.01; ****, <i>P</i> < 0.0001; ns, not significant.</p>
Figure 6 from Distant Metastases of Breast Cancer Resemble Primary Tumors in Cancer Cell Composition but Differ in Immune Cell Phenotypes
Authors: Kuett Laura , Bollhagen Alina , Tietscher Sandra , Sobottka Bettina , Eling Nils , Varga Zsuzsanna , Moch Holger , de Souza Natalie , Bodenmiller Bernd 
Published: January 2025

<p>Immune environment in different metastatic sites and the effect of the PT on the immune cell composition. <b>A</b> and <b>B,</b> T-cell (<b>A</b>) and myeloid cell (<b>B</b>) subtype enrichment in PT or metastasis determined via differential abundance testing using paired design and grouped by the site of metastasis. Bar plot shows the log<sub>2</sub>-fold abundance changes (<i>n</i> = 76 patients). <b>C,</b> Boxplot of compositional similarity between each individual patient-matched PT and metastatic sample based on the proportional abundance of cell types grouped by the site of metastasis for general immune cell types (top), T-cell subtype proportions (middle), or myeloid cluster proportions (bottom). Plotted is the Aitchison distance as a measure of compositional dissimilarity. <b>D</b> and <b>E,</b> Compositional similarity of metastatic samples displayed using PCA on the per-patient immune cell type abundances (<i>n</i> = 76 patients; after applying the centered log ratio transformation) and corresponding variable factor map [right; only factors with a combined absolute contribution (to PC1 + PC2) >4 are displayed]. T-cell subtypes (<b>D</b>) and myeloid cell subtypes (<b>E</b>) are visually represented using arrow colors corresponding to the cell types listed in <b>A</b> and <b>B</b>, respectively. Each point represents a single patient sample. Colored squares indicate group centroids. Results of the PERMANOVA test for centroid difference are given (top). Patients with multiple metastatic sites were excluded to ensure the independence of individual samples. <b>F</b> and <b>G,</b> Immune cell phenotypic cluster enrichment in each clinical breast cancer subtype (<b>F</b>) or metastasis-defined patient group (<b>G</b>) at metastatic sites compared with average metastasis composition by differential abundance testing. Circles display significantly enriched (red) or decreased (blue; FDR < 0.05; multiple testing correction with the Benjamin–Hochberg method) results, with size indicating the log-transformed fold change. moDC, monocyte-derived DCs; pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cells.</p>
Persistence and/or Senescence: Not So Lasting at Last?
Authors: Schmitt Clemens A. 
Published: January 2025

Therapy-exposed surviving cancer cells may have encountered profound epigenetic remodeling that renders these drug-tolerant persisters candidate drivers of particularly aggressive relapses. Typically presenting as slow-to-nongrowing cells, persisters are senescent or senescence-like cells. In this issue of Cancer Research, Ramponi and colleagues study mTOR/PI3K inhibitor–induced embryonic diapause–like arrest (DLA) as a model of persistence in lung cancer and melanoma cells and compare this persister condition with therapy-induced senescence in the same cells. The DLA phenotype recapitulated some but not all features attributed to senescent cells, lacking, for instance, an inflammatory secretome otherwise known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. A CRISPR dropout screen pointed to methyl group–providing one-carbon metabolism and further to H4K20me3-mediated repression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype–related IFN response genes selectively in DLA-like persister cells. Conversely, inhibition of H4K20-active KMT5B/C methyltransferases derepressed inflammatory programs and was toxic in DLA cells. These findings not only suggest exploitable vulnerabilities of DLA-like persister cells but also unveil general technical and conceptual challenges of cultured multipassage cell line–based persister studies. Collectively, the approach chosen and insights obtained will stimulate a productive scientific debate on senescence-like features and their reversibility across drug-tolerant persister cells.
See related article by Ramponi et al., p. 32