bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian approach to account for misclassification in prevalence and trend estimation
Authors: van Hasselt Martijn , Bollinger Christopher R. , Bray Jeremy W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we present a Bayesian approach to estimate the mean of a binary variable and changes in the mean over time, when the variable is subject to misclassification error. These parameters are partially identified, and we derive identified sets under various assumptions about the misclassification rates. We apply our method to estimating the prevalence and trend of prescription opioid misuse, using data from the 2002–2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Using a range of priors, the posterior distribution provides evidence that among middle‐aged White men, the prevalence of opioid misuse increased multiple times between 2002 and 2012.
Methodology, selection, and integration of fracture healing assessments in mice
Authors: Knox Adam M. , McGuire Anthony C. , Natoli Roman M. , Kacena Melissa A. , Collier Christopher D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLong bone fractures are one of the most common and costly medical conditions encountered after trauma. Characterization of the biology of fracture healing and development of potential medical interventions generally involves animal models of fracture healing using varying genetic or treatment groups, then analyzing relative repair success via the synthesis of diverse assessment methodologies. Murine models are some of the most widely used given their low cost, wide variety of genetic variants, and rapid breeding and maturation. This review addresses key concerns regarding fracture repair investigations in mice and may serve as a guide in conducting and interpreting such studies. Specifically, this review details the procedures, highlights relevant parameters, and discusses special considerations for the selection and integration of the major modalities used for quantifying fracture repair in such studies, including X‐ray, microcomputed tomography, histomorphometric, biomechanical, gene expression and biomarker analyses.
Baseline soundscapes of deep‐sea habitats reveal heterogeneity among ecosystems and sensitivity to anthropogenic impacts
Authors: Chen Chong , Lin Tzu‐Hao , Watanabe Hiromi Kayama , Akamatsu Tomonari , Kawagucci Shinsuke 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderwater soundscapes, though invisible, are crucial in shaping the biodiversity of marine ecosystems by acting as habitat‐specific settlement cues for larvae. The deep sea has received little attention in soundscape research, but it is being targeted for mineral extraction to feed the ever‐growing needs of our society. Anthropogenic impacts on soundscapes influence the resilience of key shallow‐water habitats, and the same likely applies to the deep. Japan is a forerunner in deep‐sea mining, but virtually no deep soundscape baselines exist for Japanese waters. Here, we report baseline soundscapes from four deep‐sea locations in Japan, including the Suiyo Seamount hydrothermal vent, the abyssal plain around the Minamitorishima Island home to manganese nodule fields and muds rich in rare‐earth elements, twilight depths off Sanriku, as well as a typical bathyal system in Suruga Bay. Long‐duration audio recordings were visualized and factorized by an unsupervised machine learning model, revealing differing characteristics among the habitats. Two locations near the coast are highly influenced by shipping noise. The Suiyo vent is characterized by low‐frequency sounds from venting, and the abyssal Minamitorishima is quiet with a flat spectral shape. Noise from observation platforms is likely sufficient to alter soundscape characteristics, especially in offshore locations, suggesting offshore mining‐targeted areas are susceptible to impacts from anthropogenic noise. We argue that the monitoring of soundscapes is an indispensable component for assessing potential mining impacts on deep‐sea ecosystems. Our results establish reference points for future soundscape monitoring and assessment in Japanese waters as well as similar ecosystems globally.
Mesh distortion insensitive and locking‐free Petrov–Galerkin low‐order EAS elements for linear elasticity
Authors: Pfefferkorn Robin , Betsch Peter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOne of the most successful mixed finite element methods in solid mechanics is the enhanced assumed strain (EAS) method developed by Simo and Rifai in 1990. However, one major drawback of EAS elements is the highly mesh dependent accuracy. In fact, it can be shown that not only EAS elements, but every finite element with a symmetric stiffness matrix must either fail the patch test or be sensitive to mesh distortion in bending problems (higher order displacement modes) if the shape of the element is arbitrary. This theorem was established by MacNeal in 1992. In the present work we propose a novel Petrov–Galerkin approach for the EAS method, which is equivalent to the standard EAS method in case of regular meshes. However, in case of distorted meshes, it allows to overcome the mesh‐distortion sensitivity without loosing other advantages of the EAS method. Three design conditions established in this work facilitate the construction of the element which does not only fulfill the patch test but is also exact in many bending problems regardless of mesh distortion and has an exceptionally high coarse mesh accuracy. Consequently, high quality demands on mesh topology might be relaxed.
Temperature effect on thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of Ag nanoparticle filled thermoplastic polyurethane composites
Authors: Chen Xin‐Gang , Li Ang , Zhang Yang‐Fei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAg nanoparticle filled thermoplastic polyurethane (AgNPs/TPU) composites are widely used in medical, energy, packaging, electronic devices, additive manufacturing and many other fields, where the service temperature fluctuates easily, making it necessary to study the temperature effect on the properties of composites. In this work, multifunctional AgNPs/TPU composites with different AgNP contents were prepared by a mixing and hot‐pressing method. The results show that the phase change property of TPU is not affected by the addition of AgNPs, but the thermal diffusivity is improved. As the content of AgNPs increases, the thermal conductivities of AgNPs/TPU composites increase significantly, whereas the temperature has an opposite effect. The results of elongation at break and tensile strength show a decreased trend with the increase in the AgNP content and a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase in temperature. As the temperature increases, the tensile moduli of AgNPs/TPU composites decrease significantly. For the temperature higher than 50°C, the electrical percolation thresholds of composites decrease from 5.5 vol% to a lower content. The results prove that the temperature has a significant influence on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of AgNPs/TPU composites.
Cartilage polymers: From viscoelastic solutions to weak gels*
Authors: Horkay Ferenc , Douglas Jack F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe dynamic properties of the polymeric components of cartilage are important for understanding the many biological functions of this biological tissue. Knowledge of the rheology of these materials is also crucial for the development of therapeutic treatments for diseases, such as arthritis, in which cartilage loses its functional physiological properties. In the present work complementary noninvasive techniques, rheology and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are used to probe the structural and dynamic properties of solutions of the principal proteoglycan components of cartilage extracellular matrix at different levels of structural hierarchy (chondroitin sulfate, aggrecan, aggrecan‐hyaluronic acid complex). It is shown that the bottlebrush shaped aggrecan molecules form large, loosely organized polyelectrolyte domains comprised of molecules organized into diffuse branched polymer network structures permeated by a diffuse cloud of counter‐ions. The rheological behaviors of these polymer solutions vary from viscoelastic solutions, consistent with the formation of dynamic polymer clusters in solution, to “weak gel” materials exhibiting approximate power law shear stress relaxation or creep over a wide range of timescales.
Reaction of hydroxyl radical with arenes in solution—On the importance of benzylic hydrogen abstraction
Authors: Waggoner Abygail R. , Abdulrahman Yahya , Iverson Alexis J. , Gibson Ethan P. , Buckles Mark A. , Poole James S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe regioselectivity of hydroxyl radical reactions with alkylarenes was investigated using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based methodology capable of trapping and quantifying addition and hydrogen abstraction products of the initial elementary step of the oxidation process. Abstraction products are relatively minor components of the product mixtures (15–30 mol%), depending on the magnitude of the overall rate coefficient and the number of available hydrogens. The relative reactivity of addition at a given position on the ring depends on its relation to the methyl substituents on the hydrocarbons under study. The reactivity enhancements for disubstituted and trisubstituted rings are approximately additive under the conditions of this study.
Modification of the Mechanical Properties of Core‐Shell Liquid Gallium Nanoparticles by Thermal Oxidation at Low Temperature
Authors: Catalán‐Gómez Sergio , Redondo‐Cubero Andrés , Morales Miguel , de la Mata María , Molina Sergio I. , Palomares Francisco J. , Carnicero Alberto , Pau Jose L. , Vázquez Luis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGallium nanoparticles (Ga NPs) are attracting increasing attention because of their appealing physical‐chemical properties. In particular, their mechanical properties play a key role in the implementation of these core‐shell structures on certain applications, such as soft and stretchable electronics. Thus, efforts are being addressed to modulate them mainly by chemical means. In contrast, this study investigates how the mechanical properties of the outer gallium thin oxide shell change when its thickness is increased through a thermal oxidation strategy. Specifically, as‐deposited Ga NPs, as well as those subjected to thermal oxidation at 300 °C for three different times, are studied by performing single‐particle indentations by atomic force microscopy over a wide range of NP radius. This analysis helps to confirm that the Reissner's thin‐shell model for small deformations within the elastic regime is obeyed. From these data, the dependence of the shell stiffness and the Young's modulus of the gallium oxide on the thermal treatment is obtained. It is found that the shell stiffness increases with the annealing time, even by a factor of 50 under prolonged thermal oxidation, while the gallium oxide Young's modulus, close to 30 GPa, does not change significantly.
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in ventilated very preterm infants: A crossover study
Authors: Oda Arata , Parikka Vilhelmiina , Lehtonen Liisa , Azimi Sepinoud , Porres Ivan , Soukka Hanna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) ventilation on oxygenation and respiratory parameters in preterm infants.Study DesignAn observational crossover study with a convenience sample of 19 infants born before 30 gestational weeks. Study parameters were recorded during 3‐h periods of both NAVA and conventional ventilation. The proportion of time peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and cerebral regional oxygen saturation (cRSO2) were within their target ranges, plus the number and severity of desaturation episodes were analyzed. In addition, electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi), neural respiratory rates, and peak inspiratory pressures (PIPs) were recorded.ResultsInfants were born at a median age of 264/7 gestational weeks (range: 230/7–293/7); the study was performed at a median age of 20 days (range: 1–82). The proportion of time SpO2 was within the target range, the number of peripheral desaturations or cRSO2 did not differ between the modes. However, the desaturation severity index was lower (131 vs. 152; p = .03) and fewer manual supplemental oxygen adjustments (1.3 vs. 2.2/h; p = .006) were needed during the period of NAVA ventilation following conventional ventilation. The mean Edi (8.1 vs. 11.4 µV; p < .006) and PIP values (14.9 vs. 19.1; p < .001) were lower during the NAVA mode.ConclusionsAlthough NAVA ventilation did not increase the proportion of time with optimal saturation, it was associated with decreased diaphragmatic activity, lower PIPs, less severe hypoxemic events, and fewer manual oxygen adjustments in very preterm infants.
Pharmacokinetic modeling of R and S‐Methadone and their metabolites to study the effects of various covariates in post‐operative children
Authors: Aruldhas Blessed W. , Quinney Sara K. , Overholser Brian R. , Heathman Michael A. , Masters Andrea R. , Ly Reynold C. , Gao Hongyu , Packiasabapathy Senthil , Sadhasivam Senthilkumar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMethadone is a synthetic opioid used as an analgesic and for the treatment of opioid abuse disorder. The analgesic dose in the pediatric population is not well‐defined. The pharmacokinetics (PKs) of methadone is highly variable due to the variability in alpha‐1 acid glycoprotein (AAG) and genotypic differences in drug‐metabolizing enzymes. Additionally, the R and S enantiomers of methadone have unique PK and pharmacodynamic properties. This study aims to describe the PKs of R and S methadone and its metabolite 2‐ethylidene‐1,5‐dimethyl‐3,3‐diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) in pediatric surgical patients and to identify sources of inter‐ and intra‐individual variability. Children aged 8–17.9 years undergoing orthopedic surgeries received intravenous methadone 0.1 mg/kg intra‐operatively followed by oral methadone 0.1 mg/kg postoperatively every 12 h. Pharmacokinetics of R and S methadone and EDDP were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assays and the data were modeled using nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling in NONMEM. R and S methadone PKs were well‐described by two‐compartment disposition models with first‐order absorption and elimination. EDDP metabolites were described by one compartment disposition models with first order elimination. Clearance of both R and S methadone were allometrically scaled by bodyweight. CYP2B6 phenotype was a determinant of the clearance of both the enantiomers in an additive gene model. The intronic CYP3A4 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2246709 was associated with decreased clearance of R and S methadone. Concentrations of AAG and the SNP of AAG rs17650 independently increased the volume of distribution of both the enantiomers. The knowledge of these important covariates will aid in the optimal dosing of methadone in children.
The role of geometric phase in dissociation dynamics of the molecule
Authors: Gao Wei , Ren Lu‐Lu , Liu Run‐Qin , Han Yong‐Chang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work explores the role of geometric phase (GP), which results from light induced conical intersection (LICI), in photodissociation process of the molecule through solving the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation. The dissociation results between two cases including GP and excluding GP are compared. Different from the case including GP, the angular distribution of photofragments excluding GP is non‐vanishing at which is the angle between the molecular axis and the polarization direction of laser field. Furthermore, in strong field, when the initial vibrational energy is higher than the energy of LICI point, not only the photofragments distributions present obvious quantum interference structures, but also the angular distributions of the photofragments of two cases have opposite oscillatory structure around . This also shows that the GP effect and nonadiabatic effect of LICI are unified in photodissociation processes.
35.1: Tabletop three‐dimensional floating autostereoscopic display system with 360‐degree continuous visualization
Authors: Zhang Nan , Huang Tianqi , Meng Yang , Zhang Xinran , Liao Hongen 
Published: August 2021

Background Tabletop 3D display is one of the most challenging and exciting 3D displays. Among different 3D display technologies, the integral photography (IP) based tabletop 3D display is a promising 3D display with full‐color and real‐time rendering. Still, few can offer the in‐situ interaction in multi‐user scenes.Methods In this study, we proposed a novel tabletop 3D floating autostereoscopic display system with 360‐degree continuous visualization according to the optical path and rotation design. As the brightness of the floating image will be changed due to the different angles between light source and AIP, we analyzed the AIP‐based light reflectivity and derived the relation formulas of the reflectivity. We also proposed a depth‐based multiple viewpoint rendering algorithm for real‐time face and gesture tracking to achieve the vertical parallax supplement and model control.Results We verified the continuous visualization and light reflectivity analysis results via simulation experiments. As a result, the brightest setting angle (the angle corresponding to the highest light reflectivity) of AIP was influenced by the AIP reflection unit parameters. The proposed tabletop display realized the aerial display of the 3D model and could provide a continuous 360‐degree observation point of view between different polyhedron faces.Conclusions We proposed a tabletop autostereoscopic 3D display system and analyzed the AIP‐based light reflectivity. The light reflectivity formulas were worthy of reference for designing the AIP 3D or 2D displays. The proposed system could meet the observation of multiple users and offer in‐air interactions.
55.6: Research on the Bonding Technology of SUS And Panel for Curling Screen
Authors: Mo Wenwei , Ran Chong 
Published: August 2021

In recent years, with the rapid development of display technology, flexible folding screen technology has become a must for major smart phone manufacturers to introduce new ones. With the continuous subversion of the industrial design concept of mobile phones, and the continuous optimization of product design and user experience, a new wave of mobile phone design has arrived‐curling screens. The curling screen is a new type of rollable and stretchable screen derived from the folding screen. The shrinkage and expansion of the screen is achieved through the Rolling component. The realization of the rollable screen relies on its rollable SUS as a support, and its curling characteristics directly lead to The difficulty of SUS fitting has increased dramatically.This article will study the technology of the SUS and Panel bonding (M‐Lami) of the curled screen, aiming to improve the bonding effect of the M‐Lami process and solve the difficult problems of the process: Peeling, tearing film reverse release, curved edge GDS. Through the tearing point of the tear film (right‐angle apex, right‐angle point up, right‐angle point down), curved edge roller bonding pressure (0.20MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa), roller diameter (11mm, 13mm, 15mm), 15mm), roller hardness (30IRHD, 40IRHD, 50IRHD) and other conditions are comprehensively researched and analyzed, and it is concluded that the tearing point of the film is 3mm above the right angle point, the curved edge roller bonding pressure is 0.3MPa, the roller diameter is 13mm, the roller Under the condition of hardness of 50IRHD, it can solve the problems of M‐Lami process Peeling, tearing film reverse release and curved edge GDS to the greatest extent, and improve the yield of curled screen products.
P‐4.16: Optimization for Picture Quality in LCD Video Wall Module Design
Authors: Fu Changjia , Zhong Wei , Shi Haijun , Wu Bin , Bu Zhanchang , Wang Bochang , Zhang Enliang 
Published: August 2021

Accompanying with the gradual maturity in the LCD splicing screen market, there shows a higher demand for the technical performance and picture quality of products.In this paper, a scheme is proposed to optimize the bordered optics and enhance the brightness uniformity of LCD video wall module with D‐LED BLU. The influence of the layout of the light source, the light intensity, the angle of the middle frame reflection surface, the material scattering rate of the middle frame reflection, the designing considerations of diffusion plate and the optical film are evaluated by optical simulation, and the optimum proposal is determined. The actual verification by BOE 55′ splicing screen module shows that the scheme in this paper can eliminate the uneven brightness around the screen and the brightness of the product is increased by 8%.
P‐8.8: Low cost private set intersection protocol based on oblivious transmission
Authors: Luo Ran , Han Haoting , Yan Zian 
Published: August 2021

Private set intersection (PSI) all two parties need to calculate the intersection of the sender and the receiver, and do not need to communicate with each other. At present this protocol is widely used in the field of information security. and PSI based on different technologies has been proposed. However, it is difficult for existing psi protocols to determine the best solution in each scenario. especially because they are not compared in the same environment. In addition, the existing psi protocols are several orders of magnitude slower than the hash method in practice,.This article reviews the development process of PSI, and then we focus on the security of semi honest adversary psi protocol and use the latest methods to improve efficiency to achieve inadvertent transmission. In addition. the important optimization of the previous psi protocol is proposed and a new psi protocol is proposed, Whose runtime is better than the existing protocol.In addition, by applying bloom filter. the receiver can calculate the output more easily than performing encryption on the senders private data set when using low‐power mobile. Internet of animals devices. In the semi honest model, we can prove the security of this method. In the experiment. through the implementation of all protocols on the same platform we give the use of this protocol in a specific environment, and evaluate the progress of PSI protocol by comparison. At present we use the insecure Nave hash protocol. By processing two large data sets. We prove the feasibility of our new psi protocol.
Radical Scavenging Efficiency of Flavonoids Increased by Calcium(II) Binding: Structure‐Activity Relationship
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Wen‐Zhu , Song Meng‐Ting , Lu Yao , Qian Ling‐Ling , Han Rui‐Min , Skibsted Leif H. , Zhang Jian‐Ping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSix structurally related flavonoids including two flavones apigenin and luteolin, one isoflavone genistein, and three flavonols, galangin, kaempferol and quercetin, are affected differently as radical scavengers by presence of Ca(II). Except for apigenin showing no reaction with Ca(II), other flavonoids all coordinate with Ca(II) to form 1 : 2 Ca(II)‐flavonoid complexes confirmed by UV‐vis and mass spectra. Coordination with Ca(II) for luteolin with the 3′, 4′‐catechol group and for flavonols with 3‐hydroxyl and 4‐carbonyl significantly enhance the DPPH• scavenging efficiencies shown by stopped‐flow spectra. Addition of Ca(II) shows no effect on radical scavenging rate of Genistein, as an isomer of apigenin, although both containing the same 4‐carbonyl and 5‐hydroxyl as a potential chelating group as confirmed by mass spectra and cyclic voltammetry. The two structure elements, 3′, 4′‐catechol and the combination of 3‐hydroxyl and 4‐carbonyl, are identified as important factors for Ca(II) enhancement of radical scavenging of flavonoids. Coordination of Ca(II) to kaempferol forming a 1 : 2 Ca(II)‐kaempferol complex at 3,4 site shows the most significant enhancement in radical scavenging efficiency by a factor of 4.4 compared to other investigated flavonoids.