bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Rural People about Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Alam Md Entekhab Ul , Amin Md Nurul , Haque Md Jawadul , Hasan Farzana , Haldar Milon Kumar , Yasmin Nelofar , Shah Amanath Ullah Shathi Kumar Rawson Kamal Md. Abu Syem , Yasmin Farhana , Arefin Md Maruful , Islam Shitil Ibna , Rahman Shakira Tur 
Published: July 2021

Background & Objective: Non-communicable diseases, particularly diabetes, hypertension and ischemic heart diseases have created an epidemic situation worldwide. Bangladesh is also in the grip of the menace. The only way to get rid of the menace is prevention of these diseases which demands awareness against the diseases. This study was undertaken to assess the level of knowledge of adult people of Puthia Upazila regarding prevention of the seclected non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Community Medicine Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi over a period of 2 months from April 2018 to May 2018. All adult people (18 years onwards) residing in the rural area of Puthia Upazila were the respondents (study population) in this study. The survey invited the adult individuals to participate in the study. A total of 1001 individuals voluntarily responded to participate in the study. Of them 648(64.7%) were free from the NCDs and were interviewed to assess their level of knowledge on prevention of selected NCDs. A self-administered questionnaire containing the variables of interest for evaluating knowledge was used.
Result: Two-thirds (68.2%) of the respondents were 30–50 years old with mean age of the respondents being 44.3(range: 25-90) years. Males outnumbered females by 11:9. Over half (54%) informed that they had little knowledge and 10.7% were familiar with the NCDs. Around half held the view that diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart diseases and stroke were NCDs/chronic diseases. Approximately 70% told that the NCDs were on a rising trend. Regarding causes of chronic diseases, the respondents told excess intake of fat and sedentary life-style (67.9%), intake of excess CHO (54.2%), indulgence in smoking (68.2%), less intake of vegetables and fruits (57.4%), excess or additional salt intake (50.5%) and family history of NCD (44.1%). Regarding prevention of NCDs, around 70% were in favor of adopting healthy dietary behaviour and avoiding too much fatty food, followed by regular exercise (71.2%), avoiding or giving up smoking (70.8%) and avoiding or giving up taking extra salt (57.9%).
Conclusion: The study concluded that the people of Puthia Upazilla are aware more or less about the selected NCDs (diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart diseases and stroke). They are also aware that these diseases are increasing. Around two-thirds of the people are aware about the risk factors of these non-communicable diseases and the ways to prevent them.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 27-32
Clinical Presentation and Severity Assessment of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults Admitted to a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Shakhawath , Islam Salma , Eva Israt Zerin , Zafar SK Md Abu , Yeasmin Dilruba , Afreen Kazi Fawzia , Hossain Md Delwar 
Published: July 2021

Background & Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical presentation and severity of community acquired pneumonia in adults.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka over a period of 1 year. Patients admitted with the symptoms and signs suspected of pneumonia and confirmed by clinical examination and necessary investigations were the study population. The baseline characteristics, patients’ behavioural factors, presenting complaints, co-morbidities, examination findings and investigations were recorded. Data were processed and analyzed using software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), version 11.5. The test statistics used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics.
Result: In the present study, a large proportion of patients were 50 years or more than 50 years with mean age of the patients being 46.4 ± 13.3 years. A male predominance (58%) was observed in the series. Over half (56%) of the patients was smoker and 8% were alcoholic. Fever (90%) and purulent sputum (70%) were the common complaints. The second most common complaints were chest pain and haemoptysis (each of 44%). Thirty eight percent of the patients had dyspnoea and a very few had other symptoms. Eighteen percent of the patients had COPD, another 18% had diabetes and 4% had cardiac insufficiency. About one-quarter (24%) of the patients had agitation stupor, 88% bronchial breathing and 68% crackles. Right lower lobe (31%) and right middle lobe (26%) were commonly affected by pneumonia of the patients detected with a chest X-ray. Assessment of severity pneumonia by CURB-65 score shows that 83% of the patients had mild (score 0 – 1) CAP, 12% had moderate (score 2) and 5% had severe CAP (score 3 or more).Over two-thirds (68.5%) of the patients exhibited positive sputum for Gram’s stain.
Conclusion: The study concluded that CAP is more likely to occur in older males with preexisting comorbidities like diabetes and COPD. Fever and purulent cough are the predominant presentation of CAP followed by chest pain and haemoptysis. Pneumonic consolidation on chest X-ray and +ve gram stain are diagnostic of CAP, while raised total count of WBC with neutrophilic leucocytosis are supportive to it. Assessing pneumonia severity by CURB-65 scoring system revealed that severe pneumonia (score 3 or more) is now a rarity. Patient evaluation should focus on severity of illness, patient age, comorbidities, clinical presentation, epidemiologic setting, and previous exposure. The majority of patients with CAP are treated empirically based on the most common pathogen(s) associated with the condition.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 51-56
Sociodemographic Determinants of Personality Disorder In Patients of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Authors: Morshed ASM , Algin Sultana , Ahmed Ashrafuddin , Solaiman Mahjabeen Aftab , Mizan Saif Bin , Khan Rubaiya 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is the 4th most prevalent psychiatric disorder in Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA) Survey and most individuals with OCD have co-morbid personality disorders (PD). The present study was undertaken to find the prevalence of PD among patients with OCD and the sociodemographic determinants that influence the development PD in patients with OCD.
Methods:The cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in OCD clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2015 to September 2016. Respondents were recruited from the OCD patients diagnosed on the basis of DSM-IV criteria and face to face interview was conducted with the help of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II questionnaire). The main outcome variable was PD in patients of OCD and the exposure variables (determinants) were selected sociodemographic characteristics.
Result: The mean age of the OCD patients was (28 ± 8.7) years. Almost half (49%) of OCD patients belonged to the age group 20-30 years. Female respondents were 53.6%. Among the respondents, 62% had co-morbid PD. The mean age of the OCD patients with PD was observed to be significantly higher (29.1 ± 9.1 years) than those without PD (26.2 ± 7.8 years) (p = 0.047). Male OCD patients were 2.4 (95% CI of OR: 1.2 – 4.7) times more likely to have PD than their female counterparts (p = 0.012). Ethnic groups other than Muslims tend to be associated with PD more often and carry more than 8-fold (95% CI of OR: 8.4 – 37.2) higher risk of having the condition (p = 0.001). Likewise, other occupants were nearly 2(95% CI of OR: 0.98 – 3.74) times more prone to have PD than the students (p = 0.056).
Conclusion: Personality Disorders are highly prevalent among people with OCD which remains underdiagnosed & under-addressed. Male OCD patients, non-Muslims and occupants other than students are more prone to have PD. Persons with Personality Disorders are far more likely to refuse psychiatric help and deny their problems.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 44-50
Role of Injection Depo Medoroxy Progesterone Acetate in the Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Norplant User
Authors: Begum Mahfuz Ara , Nahar Begum Aminun , Sultana Monowara , Ali Md Amjad 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: This prospective study was undertaken to determine the role of Depomedroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding associated with norplant use.
Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Family Planning Model Clinic of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka between June, 2003 to December, 2005. A total 54 clients were consecutively selected, based on predefined enrolment criteria.
Results: Over two-thirds (70.6%) of the patients were multipara (2-3 live births), 22% primipara and the rest 7.4% grand-multipara (4 or more live births). Among 54 cases, 45(84%) responded to treatment. Of the 9 (16%) cases who failed to respond to DMPA treatment, 4 cases were given 2nd dose of DMPA. Three cases dropped out after failing the 1st dose and 2 cases refused to receive 2nd dose and their norplant was removed on request. Abnormal per vaginal (P/V) bleeding began from the 1st month of insertion of Norplant with 15 (27.7%) cases in the 1st month, 7(12%) cases between 2nd to 5th months, 16(28%) cases between 6-12 months, 11(20%) between 13-24 months and 5 (9.3%) cases between 25-36 months.
Conclusion: The study showed that DMPA is a simple and effective modality of treatment for women with abnormal or irregular uterine bleeding associated with norplant implant use. With increased compliance from clients’ perspective, it could be a good option for treatment of women with abnormal or irregular uterine bleeding caused by norplant implant.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 80-83
A Case Report : Pregnancy with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Chowdhury Shiuly , Islam Nilufar , Nahar Khadiza Nurun , Fatema Kaniz , Munmun Salma Akter , Barua Sudip 
Published: July 2021

Multiple sclerosis causes disability in young adults and like most autoimmune diseases, affects women more commonly in their child-bearing years. In general, pregnancy does not appear to affect the long-term clinical course of multiple sclerosis and the disease does not affect the course or outcome of pregnancy. In this reportedcase, a pregnant woman with multiple sclerosis showed relapse of the disease in first half of her pregnancy and disease was well controlled in the second half of her pregnancy and postpartum period after taking appropriate measure. Women who have multiple sclerosis and wish to have a family can usually do so successfully with the assistance of their neurologist and obstetrician.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 93-95
Comparative Study of Management of Intrauterine Fetal Death by Misoprostol versus Oxytocin
Authors: Ghosh Lipika , Islam Fatema Binta , Maksurat Farjana , Manjari Mamata , Afrooz Rowshan 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Management of pregnancy with intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is always puzzling to the obstetricians and mental agony to the patients. Intravenous oxytocin infusion was previously practiced for termination of pregnancy with IUFD. But recently misoprostol is claimed to be better than oxytocin in terms of its efficacy and safety. This prospective study was carried out to find which of these two drugs is suitable for termination of pregnancy with IUFD.
Methods: Based on predefined criteria,a total of 100 singleton pregnant women with gestational age more than 22 weeks, ultrasonographically confirmed as having dead fetus in utero were included in the study and were randomly assigned to vaginal Misoprostol and Oxytocin infusion groups. The outcome was evaluated in terms of time required for induction of labor, induction to delivery time and complications encountered by each group.
Result: The overall time required for induction to delivery was significantly shorter in Misoprostol group than that in Oxytocin group irrespective of their Bishop’s score (p < 0.001). Even in patients in whom the cervix was unripe (Bishop's score < 6), the mean time required from induction to delivery was much shorter in Misoprostol group (p < 0.001), but in patients in whom the cervix was ripen, the mean time from induction to delivery in Misoprostol group was shorter, but the difference did not turn to significant (p = 0.079). Both nulliparous and multiparous women experienced significantly shorter durations of labor in the Misoprostol group than those in the Oxytocin group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Complications like hyperstimulation, retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage all were somewhat higher in Misoprostol group than those in Oxytocin group, but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.357, p = 0.500 and p = 0.500 respectively).
Conclusion: The use of vaginal misoprostol is more effective than intravenous infusion of oxytocin in induction of labor in patients with IUFD. The time required from induction to delivery is appreciably shorter when Misoprostol is used compared to that needed when oxytocin is used.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 74-79
Incendios en paisajes patrimoniales naturales: análisis y evaluación de riesgos en fortificaciones mediante el uso del Global Wildfire Information System
Authors: Moreno Falcón Mónica , Ortiz Calderón Rocío , Ortiz Calderón Pilar 
Published: July 2021

En un contexto de cambio climático y antrópico, el aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de grandes incendios problematiza la conservación de los paisajes culturales naturales. El análisis por medio de imágenes satelitales y sistemas de información geográfica permite pronosticar rápidamente niveles de riesgo, identificar zonas quemadas y caracterizar puntos de mayor peligrosidad.
Este estudio se ha efectuado para las fortificaciones en tapia de Andalucía con la herramienta Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), que ha permitido identificar para el sur peninsular los meses de verano como épocas de mayor peligrosidad; mayor ocurrencia de incendios en áreas forestales y pastizales; y una disminución en el número total de hectáreas quemadas anualmente en España desde 2002 hasta 2020, especialmente en las zonas de cultivo.
Arquitectura por el cambio climático
Authors: Franqueira Baganha José 
Published: July 2021

Todos coincidimos en que el modelo de crecimiento de las ciudades basado en teorías de zonificación, separación de usos y concentración monofuncional excesiva, genera necesidades inconmensurables en el movimiento de personas desde los lugares donde duermen a los que trabajan, estudian, etc., con la consiguiente e igualmente inconmensurable necesidad de infraestructura vial y de transporte.
¿Qué podemos hacer? Tendremos que contrarrestar el desarrollo autodestructivo y promover el desarrollo sostenible. No hay duda de que el cambio no depende solo de los arquitectos, pero podemos hacer una buena contribución al cambio, como lo hemos hecho en otros tiempos.
En los tiempos venideros, los arquitectos y otros agentes que intervienen en nuestras ciudades, pueblos, aldeas y territorios, así como en los edificios, se enfrentarán a desafíos extraordinarios, difíciles, pero también emocionantes y estimulantes. De modo que todos sepamos cómo aprovechar esta rara oportunidad de participar en el cambio.
Pengambilan Data Pasien Stroke Menggunakan Sinyal EEG Sebagai Informasi Pengambilan Keputusan Melakukan Tindak Lanjut Rehabilitasi
Authors: Sulistyono MY Teguh 
Published: July 2021

Stoke merupakan Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) yang merupakan jenis penyakit kardiovaskuler yang disebabkan oleh gangguan pembuluh darah dengan urutan ke dua penyebab kematian di dunia sebanyak 45% penduduk dunia meninggal akhibat stroke setiap tahunnya, bahkan di Indonesia sekitar 7% penduduk setiap tahunnya terkena stroke. Stroke dapat juga menyebabkan cacat permanen, depresi, demensia dan stress jika tidak ditangani dengan benar, karena ketidaktahuan orang mengenai stroke dan penanganannya. Dalam penanganan terhadap penyakit stroke harus mengetahui tanda-tanda yang perlu diketahui sebelum bisa memutuskan bahwa gejala tersebut merupakan penyakit stroke atau bukan. Selain melihat tanda-tanda juga perlu memeriksa tensi dan dan selalu memriksakan kondisi tubuh dengan check up rutin agar penyakit stroke dapat diminimalisir.Yang menjadi masalah dalam penanganan stroke adalah pada saat pasca terkena stroke akan melakukan rehabilitasi medis untuk mengembalikan fungsi motorik pasien. Dalam prakteknya tenaga medis sulit melakukan penilaian pengukuran yang akurat terhadap progress proses rehabilitasi pasien pasca terkena stroke. Hal ini terjadi karena tenaga medis dalam melakukan proses rehabilitasi masih menggunakan pencatatan progres secara konfensional.Metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan penelitian pengambilan data pasien pasca terkena stroke menggunakan sinyal Electroencephalograph (EEG) sebagai informasi pengambilan keputusan dalam melakukan tindakan lanjut dalam rehabilitasi medis menggunakan tahapan yaitu Persiapan, Studi Literature, Pemilihan Partisipan, Eksplorasi Alat, Pemilihan Gerakan, Pengambilan Data.Hasil akhir yang didapat sebagai output dalam penelitian pengambilan data pasien pasca terkena stroke menggunakan sinyal Electroencephalograph (EEG) sebagai informasi pengambilan keputusan dalam melakukan tindakan lanjut dalam rehabilitasi medis adalah berupa data yang telah terekan dalam bentuk raw data yang nantinya akan diolah lanjut untuk diproses sebagai media dalam penentuan penanganan rehabilitasi medis pasien stroke.Kata Kunci : Stroke, Rehabilitasi Medis, EEG, Pengukiran, Penilaian
The rate of myocardial contraction in the assessment of diastolic function
Authors: Kulagina T. Yu. , Sandrikov V. A. , Zyabirova R. Z. , Petrova J. N. , Klimenko V. S. , Vlasova N. V. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: to evaluate the results of biomechanics of myocardial contraction during diastole in patients with coronary heart disease based on the results of vector analysisMATERIAL: the study is based on 79 patients with coronary heart disease with myocardial infarction and scarring of the heart muscle aged 53±4 years and 34 healthy volunteers — 41±3 years were examined. Before and after the operation of coronary artery bypass grafting, transthoracic echocardiography was performed, followed by computer image processing and calculation of hemodynamic parameters — EDV, ESV, EF, E\A. Vector analysis was used to estimate the rate of myocardial displacement (V), from the apex to the basal region in six regions of the left ventricle.RESULTS. To determine the mechanical characteristics of left ventricular (LV) contraction, a method was used that allows dynamic series of ultrasound images to track the rate of myocardial contraction in the basal, middle and apical parts of the heart. Before surgery, during diastole, the rate of myocardial contraction increased by more than 30% in comparison with the norm in the basal, middle, and apical regions. Changes occur due to a decrease in myocardial perfusion. In response, hyperfunction occurs, which leads to the activity of additional cardiomyocytes in maintaining heart performance. After the operation, the recovery of myocardial contraction rates to normal values was noted.CONCLUSION. The results showed the dynamics of the rates of myocardial displacement mainly in the diastole, but there is no complete recovery in the hospital period. Diagnosis of the mechanical function of the myocardium during the cardiac cycle is based on the dynamics of the rates of contraction from the apex to the basal part of the left ventricle. Evaluation of the activity of myocardial contraction has certain advantages in determining the state of diastolic function of the left ventricle.
Development and Validation of a Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Overall Survival Prediction in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tian Qi , Zhou Yan , Zhu Lizhe , Gao Huan , Yang Jin 
Published: July 2021

Background: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death process. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis inducers hold promising potential in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the comprehensive analysis about the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in LUAD remains to be elucidated.Methods: The RNA sequencing data and corresponding clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. A total of 259 ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from FerrDb website. The ferroptosis-related prognostic signature was developed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis in TCGA LUAD cohort, and then validated by 5 independent GEO cohorts. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to identify the difference in biological processes and functions between different risk groups. The expression levels of core prognostic genes were then verified in LUAD samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and erastin-treated LUAD cell lines by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The potential roles of GPX2 and DDIT4 as ferroptosis drivers in LUAD cell line were further confirmed by in vitro experiments.Results: A total of 20 intersecting genes between 70 ferroptosis-related DEGs and 45 potential prognostic genes were obtained for LASSO Cox regression analysis. The ferroptosis-related prognostic signature was developed by 7 core prognostic DEGs, and stratified LUAD patients into two risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients in the high-risk group was significantly worse than that of the low-risk group. External validation of 5 independent GEO cohorts further confirmed that the ferroptosis-related prognostic signature was an ideal biomarker for predicting the survival of LUAD patients. Significant enrichment of fatty acid metabolism and cell cycle-related pathways were found in different risk groups. The expression patterns of 7 core prognostic genes in LUAD and adjacent normal lung tissues were validated by IHC, which was almost consistent with the results from public database. Furthermore, the changes related to cell cycle and ferroptosis after erastin treatment were also validated in LUAD cell lines. In addition, silencing GPX2 or DDIT4 could partially reverse the erastin-induced ferroptosis.Conclusion: In summary, the ferroptosis-related prognostic signature based on 7 core prognostic DEGs indicated superior predictive performance of LUAD patients. Targeting ferroptosis holds potential to be a therapeutic alternative for LUAD.