bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Titrage des immunoglobulines G anti-Plasmodium falciparum chez les enfants atteints de paludisme grave au CHU de Yopougon.
Authors: Coulibaly M , Sansan H , Cissoko Y , Kouakou P , Yeboah R , Timité AM , Sombo MF 
Published: August 2021

Objectifs : La pathogénie du paludisme dépend de l'interaction du plasmodium et le système immunitaire de son hôte. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer la relation entre la parasitémie et le titre des Immunoglobulines de classe G anti-Plasmodium falciparum.Patients et Méthodes : Cette étude transversale a concerné 37 enfants âgés de 0 à15 ans souffrant de paludisme grave ayant été consultés au service de pédiatrie du centre hospitalier universitaire de Yopougon en Côte d'Ivoire. Le titre des IgG anti-P. falciparum a été évalué par immunofluorescence indirecte.Résultats : La parasitémie variait entre 360 et 400000 trophozoites avec une moyenne de 48525 trophozoites/mm3. La concentration en hémoglobine variait entre 3,4 et 10,7 g/dL avec une moyenne de 6,28 g/dL. Les plaquettes variaient entre 17 et 506 .103/mm3 avec une moyenne de 110,18.103/mm3. Le titre des IgG anti- P. falciparum variait entre 40 et 320 avec une moyenne de 220. L'hyperparasitémie (parasitémie ≥ 100000 trophozoites/mm3) était présente uniquement chez les patients de 0 à 5 ans. La moyenne du titre des IgG anti-P. falciparum était significativement plus élevée chez les sujets ayant une parasitémie < 100000 trophozoites/mm3 comparés à ceux présentant une parasitémie ≥ 100000 (110 vs 233,3) p = 0,017 test U de Mann-Withney.Conclusions : Le paludisme grave et l'hyperparasitémie (≥ 100000 trophozoites/mm3) sont plus fréquents chez les enfants de 0 à 5 ans et touche plus les garçons que les filles. Les anticorps IgG anti-P.falciparum ont été retrouvés chez tous les patients.Mots clé : P. falciparum, Paludisme grave, Titre Immunoglobuline G.
DIRECT Re-Os DATING OF MANGANESE CARBONATE ORES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE ORTOKARNASH MANGANESE DEPOSIT, NORTHWEST CHINA
Authors: Li Wen-Jun , Peng Zi-Dong , Dong Zhi-Guo , Zhang Bang-Lu , Gao Bing-Yu , Zhang Lian-Chang , Zhu Ming-Tian , Robbins Leslie J. , Konhauser Kurt O. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sedimentary manganese carbonate deposits, the major economic source of Mn globally, are the product of complex interactions that occur in the marine environment, including both biological Mn(II) oxidation and Mn(IV) reduction. Precise and accurate age constraints for Mn carbonate deposits have been difficult to obtain, hindering the understanding of possible correlations between Mn metallogenic and paleoenvironmental processes at regional to global scale. The involvement of organic matter during Mn carbonate mineralization, however, allows for the Re-Os system, an ideal geochronological tool for determining the depositional or alteration ages of organic-rich rocks, to be applied. Here we present the first Re-Os systematics of Mn carbonate ores from the giant Ortokarnash Mn deposit in the West Kunlun orogenic belt, Xinjiang, China. The use of the Re-Os geochronometer, along with petrographic, whole-rock total organic carbon, and major element analyses, allows for the depositional age and mineralizing processes to be directly constrained. The Mn carbonate ores with relatively homogeneous initial 187Os/188Os values yield a robust mineralization age of 320.3 ± 6.6 Ma (Model 1; Isoplot regression) or 321.8 ± 14.5 Ma (Monte Carlo simulation). This age correlates well with U-Pb ages of the youngest detrital zircon group from the footwall volcanic breccia-bearing limestone and a newly obtained Re-Os age from the hanging-wall marlstones. Enrichment of hydrogenous Re and Os in the Ortokarnash Mn carbonate ores is likely related to the variable redox environments during Mn carbonate mineralization, where Re tends to be preserved in the organic matter that persists following the diagenetic reduction of the Mn(IV) oxyhydroxides in suboxic or anoxic sediment pore water. Conversely, Os was likely absorbed by Mn(IV) oxyhydroxides in oxic seawater during Mn(II) oxidation. Elevated Osinitial(i) for the Mn carbonate ores relative to that of the coeval global seawater value suggests that an increased riverine flux may have been a contributing factor leading to Mn mineralization.
Nomological Network of Dispositional Mindfulness: Evidence from MIDUS-II and MIDUS-III
Authors: Kim Min-Sun , Oshio Atsushi , Kim Eun-Joo , Akutsu Satoshi , Yamaguchi Ayano 
Published: August 2021

While dispositional mindfulness is a popular construct in the field of positive psychology, its nomological network in the context of health and well-being is not well established. Our study addresses this limitation by examining the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and various health-related psychological constructs, including personality, social well-being, and affective states. Data for this study were gathered from the national longitudinal studies of health and well-being called Midlife in the United States (MIDUS-II and MIDUS-III). The nomological network analysis of dispositional mindfulness showed positive associations with both religiosity and overall well-being measures (e.g., Social Well-Being, Sympathy, Optimism, and Generativity) and negative associations with maladaptive tendencies (e.g., Pessimism, Aggression, Neuroticism, and Personal Constraints). Finally, test-retest validity was positively verified by significant correlations among the variables, spanning over ten years. Articulating a nomological network of dispositional mindfulness has important implications for future research and practice.
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Las poblaciones vulnerables enfrentando los desafíos durante la pandemia del covid-19: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Nasution Lina Anisa , Pradana Anung Ahadi , Casman Casman 
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Durante la pandemia, la aplicación del distanciamiento social determina que las poblaciones vulnerables se conviertan en uno de los grupos que experimentan los peores impactos, especialmente niños, mujeres embarazadas y adultos mayores. El propósito de este estudio es analizar los obstáculos que experimentan las poblaciones vulnerables.Método: Este estudio utiliza un método de búsqueda de literatura en varias bases de datos como CINAHL, Proquest, Wiley, ScienceDirect de 2015-2020.Resultados: Los resultados de la búsqueda obtuvieron 17 artículos. La revisión crítica que se llevó a cabo siguió las directrices del Programa de Habilidades de Evaluación Crítica (CASP) de Cochrane. Los resultados de este estudio fueron las condiciones pandémicas que ocurren durante un largo período y pueden afectar a poblaciones vulnerables de la sociedad, que consisten en niños, mujeres embarazadas y adultos mayores. Las poblaciones vulnerables tienen varios mecanismos de supervivencia y están significativamente influenciadas por la presencia o ausencia de apoyo social de la familia, la comunidad y el gobierno.Conclusiones: La importancia del papel del gobierno en prestar atención a la calidad de los servicios especiales de salud para poblaciones vulnerables puede mejorar el bienestar y el estado de salud de estas poblaciones.
Primary Goal: During the pandemic, the application of social distancing resulting in vulnerable populations becoming one of the groups experiencing the worst impacts, especially those who are children, pregnant women, and older adults. The purpose of this study is to analyze the obstacles encountered by these vulnerable populations. Methods: This study uses a literature search method on several databases, namely CINAHL, Proquest, Wiley, and ScienceDirect, in the 20152020 period. Results: The search resulted in 17 articles. The critical review carried out followed the Critical Appraisal Skills Program guidelines from Cochrane. This study's results were pandemic conditions that occur over a long period can affect vulnerable populations in society, consisting of children, pregnant women, and older adults. Vulnerable people have various coping mechanisms and are significantly affected by the presence or absence of social support from family, community, and the Government. Conclusions: The importance of the Government's role in paying attention to the quality of specific health services for vulnerable populations can improve these populations' welfare and health status.
Online search trends and word-related emotional response during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: a cross-sectional online study
Authors: Montefinese Maria , Ambrosini Ettore , Angrilli Alessandro 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe strong and long lockdown adopted by the Italian government to limit COVID-19 spreading represents the first threat-related mass isolation in history that can be studied in depth by scientists to understand individuals’ emotional response to a pandemic.MethodsWe investigated the effects on individuals’ mental wellbeing of this long-term isolation by means of an online survey on 71 Italian volunteers. They completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Fear of COVID-19 Scale and judged valence, arousal, and dominance of words either related or unrelated to COVID-19, as identified by Google search trends.ResultsEmotional judgments changes from normative data varied depending on word type and individuals’ emotional state, revealing early signals of individuals’ mental distress to COVID-19 confinement. All individuals judged COVID-19-related words to be less positive and dominant. However, individuals with more negative feelings and COVID-19 fear also judged COVID-19-unrelated words to be less positive and dominant. Moreover, arousal ratings increased for all words among individuals with more negative feelings and COVID-19 fear but decreased among individuals with less negative feelings and COVID-19 fear.DiscussionOur results show a rich picture of emotional reactions of Italians to tight and 2-month long confinement, identifying early signals of mental health distress. They are an alert to the need for intervention strategies and psychological assessment of individuals potentially needing mental health support following the COVID-19 situation.
Icaritin protects SH-SY5Y cells transfected with TDP-43 by alleviating mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress
Authors: Zhou Yongjian , Huang Nanqu , Li Yuanyuan , Ba Zhisheng , Zhou Yanjun , Luo Yong 
Published: August 2021

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of icaritin (ICT) on TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-induced neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell damage and to further explore its underlying mechanisms.

Methods
To investigate the possible mechanism, TDP-43 was used to induce SH-SY5Y cell injury. Cell viability was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined with JC-1. The expression levels of TDP-43 and cytochrome C (CytC) were measuring by Western blotting. Changes in adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) content, total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected with specific kits.

Results
The results showed that ICT reduced the cell damage induced by TDP-43. ICT reduced the expression level of TDP-43; increased ATP content and the MMP; decreased CytC expression; increased T-AOC and GSH-Px, total SOD (T-SOD), copper/zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), and manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) activity; and decreased MDA content.

Conclusions
The results suggest that ICT has a protective effect on TDP-43-transfected SH-SY5Y cells that is related to reductions in TDP-43 expression and mitochondrial damage and alleviation of oxidative stress.
Assessment of the Effects of Back Sloping on Some Starter Culture Strains and the Organoleptic Qualities of their Yoghurt Products
Authors: Olukotun G. B. , Salami S. A. , Okon I. J. , Ahmadu J. H. , Ajibulu O. O. , Bello Z. 
Published: August 2021

Fermented milk is an essential commodity in Africa and beyond. Many techniques have been developed over time for the manufacture of different forms of yoghurt products. One of these Traditional methods includes back slopping). The advantages of this method include faster fermentation rates due to reduction in lag time, and subsequent production of relevant metabolites as well as allowing for a more reliable product formation on a consistent basis. The aim of this study was to better understand, the effects of back sloping on the microbial community as well as on the organoleptic characteristics of the yoghurts produced using the method. The model from this work could be used to study the dynamics of the microbial community associated with back-slopping practices and the understanding of possible associated defects in order to allow better control over the application of the method on commercial levels. We characterized the yoghurt produced from both microbial compositional study using culture-dependent morphological examinations on MRS, M17, Nutrient Agar and Potato dextrose Agar, as well as from organoleptic point of view. The results show that back sloping up to three-fold (batch) gave increasing acceptance but decreased afterwards. Acidification activity which determines proteolysis of casein for coagulation to take place also increased up to three folds. Residual lactose, syneresis and moisture content also decreased favourably by three fold order. Therefore, back sloping could be recommended on commercial level especially in the developing countries where facilities for consistent supply of pouched starter culture are limited because, aside the above mentioned advantages, this process also favours the growth of bacteria which release antimicrobial substances thereby ensuring the growth of the same species while reducing the growth of other organisms thereby preserving the products’ quality.
Influence of Profile Characteristics of Village Agricultural Workers on Role Performance in Odisha
Authors: Panda Anmol , Amardeep . 
Published: August 2021

Aim: To study the personal, psychological, communication and professional characteristics of Village Agricultural workers (VAWs).
Study Design: Analytical research design was adopted to use facts or information already available to make a critical evaluation
Place and Duration of Study: Nine districts of Odisha were randomly selected from major three revenue administrative divisions Cuttack, Berhampur and Sambalpur between first week of December 2019 to first week of February 2020.
Methodology: Village Agricultural Workers (VAWs) of Odisha state served as the population for the study. As many as 728 VAWs in the selected nine districts constituted the sampling frame. After the discussion with the experts and various limitations of the researcher, 40 per cent of the VAWs from the sampling frame were chosen for the study. Thus, the final sample size comprised of 292 (40% of 728) VAW respondents. The method of proportional allocation in stratified sampling procedure was adopted for the selection of respondents. VAWs from each selected district were selected randomly following proportional allocation. Based on the literature, a total of 14 characteristics were taken to document the profile of the Village Agricultural Workers (VAW) who were working in state agricultural department.
Results: The results indicated that most of the Village Agricultural workers (VAWs) were middle aged (73.63%), male (66.44%) had formal education up to intermediate level (72.94%). Professional characteristics revealed that almost four-fifths (79.80%) have service experience of 6-14 years and had medium level (74.32%) of training exposure. Most (57.19%) of the VAWs had area of jurisdiction under 9 to 36 villages and majority (87.67%) visiting 3 to 4 times a week. Study found that 78.08 percent of VAWs had high orientation towards extension profession with majority (74.32%) of VAWs perceiving neutral organizational climate in agricultural offices and 64.38 percent are having medium level of organizational commitment. Psychological characteristics revealed that 66.78 percent of VAWs have medium level of self-confidence with moderate job satisfaction (64.38%) and moderate leadership ability (79.11%). Communication characteristics of VAWs shows moderate level of Communication competence of VAWs (64.38%). Role performance analysis shows that majority of VAWs has medium (70.55%) level of role performance.
Conclusion: The analysis of these profile characteristics could be crucial in understanding efficiency of state department, agricultural offices and VAWs’ own individual career development. It could be crucial for policymakers in preparing appropriate interventions to enhance role performance of VAWS through training programs.
Competition issues in the U.S. beef industry
Authors: Bolotova Yuliya V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article analyzes the dynamics of the U.S. beef industry in light of the alleged input and output price‐fixing cartel of the four largest beef packers revealed in the antitrust lawsuits filed by fed cattle producers and beef buyers in 2019. Empirical evidence suggests that beef production, the farm, wholesale, and retail values of beef, and marketing margins increased, but farm sector share decreased in the cartel period (2015–2019), as compared with a prior period (2010–2014). The wholesale beef pricing by beef packers shifted from being consistent with a perfectly competitive industry pricing in the pre‐cartel period to being consistent with the oligopoly and monopoly pricing in the cartel period. The retail beef pricing by food retailers was consistent with an oligopoly pricing in both periods. Beef packers and food retailers shifted to an output (beef) price stabilization practice in the cartel period.
Smart 131I‐Labeled Self‐Illuminating Photosensitizers for Deep Tumor Therapy
Authors: Guo Jingru , Feng Kai , Wu Wenyu , Ruan Yiling , Liu Huihui , Han Xiuping , Shao Guoqiang , Sun Xiaolian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStimulating photosensitizers (PS) by Cerenkov radiation (CR) can overcome the light penetration limitation in traditional photodynamic therapy. However, separate injection of radiopharmaceuticals and PS cannot guarantee their efficient interaction in tumor areas, while co‐delivery of radionuclides and PS face the problem of nonnegligible phototoxicity in normal tissues. Here, we describe a 131I‐labeled smart photosensitizer, composed of pyropheophorbide‐a (photosensitizer), a diisopropylamino group (pH‐sensitive group), an 131I‐labeled tyrosine group (CR donor), and polyethylene glycol, which can self‐assemble into nanoparticles (131I‐sPS NPs). The 131I‐sPS NPs showed low phototoxicity in normal tissues due to aggregation‐caused quenching effect, but could self‐produce reactive oxygen species in tumor sites upon disassembly. Upon intravenous injection, 131I‐sPS NPs showed great tumor inhibition capability in subcutaneous 4T1‐tumor‐bearing Balb/c mice and orthotopic VX2 liver tumor bearing rabbits. We believed 131I‐sPS NPs could expand the application of CR and provide an effective strategy for deep tumor theranostics.
Production and separation of acetic acid from pyrolysis oil of lignocellulosic biomass: a review
Authors: Sarchami Tahereh , Batta Neha , Berruti Franco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBio‐oil from lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis is a promising feedstock as a precursor for the production of transportation fuels and value‐added chemicals. The presence of significant concentrations of oxygen, water, and acids makes it difficult to use bio‐oil directly as a transportation fuel without costly upgrading. The acidity of pyrolysis liquids is mainly derived from volatile acids, such as acetic acid, causing chemical instability and corrosion. The extraction of acids from bio‐oil can therefore offer strategies for improved applications and economic value. Moreover, acetic acid is a valuable reagent and the building block for several commercially important chemicals. This review presents the results of important research related to the production of bio‐oil‐derived acetic acid. The discussion is intended to summarize the effect of biomass type and pretreatment method, pyrolysis processing conditions, and separation techniques on acetic acid production via pyrolysis. On this basis, acetic acid characterization techniques are also presented along with an overview of acetic acid applications and economic considerations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Yttrium‐mediated red fluorescent carbon dots for sensitive and selective detection of calcium ions
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Li , Yue Juan , Cao Lei , Liu Pai , Dong Wen‐Fei , Liu Guixia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs the second messenger in cells, calcium ions are indispensable in various physiological activities of the body. In this work, a special red fluorescent carbon dot was designed and synthesized using the secondary hydrothermal method with yttrium, p‐phenylenediamine, and ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid as precursors for the detection of calcium ions. The designed carbon dot exhibited bright red fluorescence, and the fluorescence emission wavelength showed good photostability. When the calcium ion concentration was controlled from 0 to 400 μM, the carbon dot tended to respond to fluorescence quenching. At the same time, a test paper experiment was carried out, which proved the potential application of the nano‐sensor in detecting calcium ions.
A real‐world comparison of docetaxel versus abiraterone acetate for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer
Authors: Tsaur Igor , Heidegger Isabel , Bektic Jasmin , Kafka Mona , van den Bergh Roderick C. N. , Hunting Jarmo C. B. , Thomas Anita , Brandt Maximilian P. , Höfner Thomas , Debedde Eliott , Thibault Constance , Ermacora Paola , Zattoni Fabio , Foti Silvia , Kretschmer Alexander , Ploussard Guillaume , Rodler Severin , von Amsberg Gunhild , Tilki Derya , Surcel Christian , Rosenzweig Barak , Gadot Moran , Gandaglia Giorgio , Dotzauer Robert ,   EAU‐YAU Prostate Cancer Working Party
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDocetaxel (D) or secondary hormonal therapy (SHT) each combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) represent possible treatment options in males with metastasized hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Real‐world data comparing different protocols are lacking yet. Thus, our objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate (AA)+ADT versus D+ADT in mHSPC.MethodsIn a retrospective multicenter analysis including males with mHSPC treated with either of the aforementioned protocols, overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival 1 (PFS1), and progression‐free survival 2 (PFS2) were assessed for both cohorts. Median time to event was tested by Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank test. The Cox‐proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsOverall, 196 patients were included. The AA+ADT cohort had a longer PFS1 in the log‐rank testing (23 vs. 13 mos., p < 0.001), a longer PFS2 (48 vs. 33 mos., p = 0.006), and longer OS (80 vs. 61 mos., p = 0.040). In the multivariate analyses AA+ADT outperformed D+ADT in terms of PFS1 (HR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.183–0.623; p = 0.001) and PFS2 (HR = 0.33 95% CI = 0.128–0.827; p = 0.018), respectively, while OS and toxicity rate were similar between both groups.ConclusionsAA+ADT is mainly associated with a similar efficacy and overall toxicity rate as D+ADT. Further prospective research is required for validation of the clinical value of the observed benefit of AA+ADT for progression‐free end‐points.