bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated multiple transcriptomes in oviductal tissue across the porcine oestrous cycle reveal functional roles in oocyte maturation and transport
Authors: Jang Min-Jae , Lim Chiwoong , Lim Byeonghwi , Kim Jun-Mo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Understanding the complex changes in the swine female reproductive system is important for solving issues related to reproductive failure as well as the litter size. The oviduct is the site of fertilization, from where the fertilized egg moves to the uterus for implantation. Hence, elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of the natural oestrous cycle in the oviduct under non-fertilization conditions can improve our understanding of their roles in the reproductive system.
Results
In this study, whole transcriptome RNA sequencing of oviduct tissue samples was performed on Days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 across the entire oestrous cycle to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We identified 7,623 DEGs across all the time points relative to Day 0. The DEGs were distinctly classifiable into three major clusters according to their expression patterns. Clusters 1 and 2 (1,222 and 1,146 genes, respectively) included genes involved in overall physiological changes observed through the oestrous cycle. Cluster 1 included genes were mainly involved in PI3K-Akt signalling and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways, while Cluster 2 genes were involved in extracellular matrix–receptor interaction and protein digestion pathways. The expression levels of Cluster 3 genes were specifically downregulated in the luteal phase. We constructed a network with 1,000 Cluster 3 genes. KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the DEGs in Cluster 3 were strongly associated with cell cycle, calcium signalling, and oocyte meiosis. According to gene set enrichment analysis, genes associated with calcium signalling pathways and oocyte meiosis were also significantly downregulated in the luteal phase.
Conclusions
In this study, we identified that the expression of genes in the oviduct during the oestrous cycle affects oocyte transport and fertilization, which are the key functions of the oviduct. Current study provides a basis for successful breeding in the pig industry and uncovers an overall mechanism change for the pig oviduct in the oestrous cycle.
Emergency Available Drugs in Markets to Treat COVID-19
Authors: Hassan Amir , Hussain Abrar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Our current study is focused on emergency available drug in market to treat COVID-19 a viral infection that produces pneumonia and respiratory disorder. By pharmacology knowledge base treating viral-respiratory infection and immune inflammation, which posses’ direct effect against corona virus (COVID-19) the different antibiotics were evaluated from market on COVID-19 symptoms which includes Provas 100ml, Injections: Azithma 500mg, Oxidil 1gm, Gen-M 180mg and Bejectal. The Pladex 100ml, Infusion R/L 500ml, Tablet Panadol Extra, Syrup Pelton – V and Capsule Vibramycin in laboratory CatA21 (LRHP1) and CatB20 (AMCMDN2) for 1 to 3 days treatment and the Patients ages range from 37-56 and their recovering ratio calculated from the laboratory test by immune system and physical health comparison which were recorded as 95% with positive rate with a good health.
Root-TRAPR: a modular plant growth device to visualize root development and monitor growth parameters, as applied to an elicitor response of Cannabis sativa
Authors: Suwanchaikasem Pipob , Walker Robert , Idnurm Alexander , Selby-Pham Jamie , Boughton Berin A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Plant growth devices, for example rhizoponics, rhizoboxes, and ecosystem fabrication (EcoFAB) have been developed to facilitate studies of plant root morphology and plant-microbe interactions in controlled laboratory settings. However, several of these designs are suitable only for studying small model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Brachypodium distachyon, and therefore require modification to be extended to larger plant species like crop plants. In addition, specific tools and technical skills required for fabricating these devices may not be available to researchers. Hence, this study aimed to establish an alternative protocol to generate a larger, modular and reusable plant growth device based on differently available resources.
Results
Root-TRAPR (Root-Transparent, Reusable, Affordable three-dimensional Printed Rhizo-hydroponic) system was successfully developed. It consists of two main parts, an internal root growth chamber and external structural frame. The internal root growth chamber is comprised of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) gasket, microscope slide and acrylic sheet while the external frame is printed from a three-dimensional (3D) printer and secured with nylon screws. To test the efficiency and applicability of the system, industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) was grown with or without exposure to chitosan, a well-known plant elicitor used for stimulating plant defense. Plant root morphology was clearly detected in the system and plant tissues were easily collected and processed to examine plant biological responses. Upon chitosan treatment, chitinase and peroxidase activities increased in root tissues (1.7- and 2.3-fold, respectively) and exudates (7.2- and 21.6-fold, respectively). Phytohormones related to plant growth and defense response were higher in root tissues as compared to the shoots. Additionally, within two weeks of observation, hemp plants exhibited dwarf growth in Root-TRAPR system, easing plant handling and allowing increased replication under limited growing space.
Conclusion
The Root-TRAPR system facilitates exploration of root morphology and root exudate of C. sativa under controlled conditions and at a smaller scale. The device is easy to fabricate and applicable for investigating plant responses toward elicitor challenge. This fabrication protocol is modifiable to suit other plants and can be adapted to study plant physiology in other biological contexts, such as plant responses against biotic and abiotic stresses.
Determining the applicability of the RSNA radiology lexicon (RadLex) in high-grade glioma MRI reporting – a preliminary study on 20 consecutive cases with newly diagnosed glioblastoma
Authors: Huckhagel Torge , Stadelmann Christine , Abboud Tammam , Riedel Christian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The implementation of a collective terminology in radiological reporting such as the RSNA radiological lexicon (RadLex) yields many benefits including unambiguous communication of findings, improved education, and fostering data mining for research purposes. While some fields in general radiology have already been evaluated so far, this is the first exploratory approach to assess the applicability of the RadLex terminology for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) MRI reporting.
Methods
Preoperative brain MRI reports of 20 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed GBM (mean age 68.4 ± 10.8 years; 12 males) between January and October 2010 were retrospectively identified. All terms related to the tumor as well as their frequencies of mention were extracted from the MRI reports by two independent neuroradiologists. Every item was subsequently analyzed with respect to an equivalent RadLex representation and classified into one of four groups as follows: 1. verbatim RadLex entity, 2. synonymous/multiple equivalent(s), 3. combination of RadLex concepts, or 4. no RadLex equivalent. Additionally, verbatim entities were categorized using the hierarchical RadLex Tree Browser.
Results
A total of 160 radiological terms were gathered. 123/160 (76.9%) items showed literal RadLex equivalents, 9/160 (5.6%) items had synonymous (non-verbatim) or multiple counterparts, 21/160 (13.1%) items were represented by means of a combination of concepts, and 7/160 (4.4%) entities could not eventually be transferred adequately into the RadLex ontology.
Conclusions
Our results suggest a sufficient term coverage of the RadLex terminology for GBM MRI reporting. If applied extensively, it may improve communication of radiological findings and facilitate data mining for large-scale research purposes.
Q-band oscillator at 49GHz for broadband photonic microwave frequency conversion based on a Kerr soliton crystal micro-comb
Authors: Moss David , tan mengxi , xu xingyuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We report a broadband microwave frequency converter based on a coherent Kerr optical micro-comb generated by an integrated micro-ring resonator. The coherent micro-comb displays features that are consistent with soliton crystal dynamics with an FSR of 48.9-GHz. We use this to demonstrate a high-performance millimeter-wave local oscillator at 48.9-GHz in the Q-band for microwave frequency conversion. We experimentally verify the microwave performance up to 40 GHz, achieving a ratio of −6.8 dB between output RF power and IF power and a spurious suppression ratio of > 43.5 dB. The experimental results show good agreement with theory and verify the effectiveness of microwave frequency converters based on coherent optical micro-combs, with the ability to achieve reduced size, complexity, and potential cost.
Comparing the efficacy of three diagnostic tools (microscopic examination, conventional PCR, and Real-Time PCR) in detecting Theileria equi infection among Egyptian equines
Authors: Soliman Ahmed M. , Amer Moaz M. , Memon Fareed Uddin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Equine theileriosis represents one of the main and serious health problems affecting equines industry globally, that is caused by tick-borne protozoan parasite called T. equi. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity of three diagnostic tools named: microscopic examination of a blood smear, conventional PCR, and Real-Time PCR (qPCR) to detect T. equi among equine population (n = 116) raised in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears revealed the infection of 16.4% (19/116) of examined equines by T. equi while conventional PCR and qPCR revealed that 29.3% (34/116) and 43.1% (50/116) of examined equines were infected with T. equi respectively. Our results demonstrated that the qPCR had the highest sensitivity (100%) followed by conventional PCR (68%) while microscopic examination had the lowest sensitivity (38%). Furthermore, the negative predictive value (NPV) of qPCR was the highest (100%) compared to conventional PCR and microscopical examination (80.49% and 68.04% respectively) which revealed that all negative cases detected by qPCR were certainly correct compared to the other two diagnostic assays. Therefore, it is highly recommended to incorporate PCR diagnostic assays (conventional PCR and qPCR) alongside microscopic examination to evaluate the epidemiological status of equine theileriosis.
Turkish cases of Mabry Syndrome with a novel homozygous mutation in PGAP2 gene
Authors: Kartal Ayşe , Jaiswar Sandeep 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome is a genetic disorder. We report two siblings aged three years and fourteen years who were investigated for global development delays, seizures and dysmorphic features. A novel missense variant, c.1003G>A (p. Ala335 Thr chr11.3,846,572 NM_001256236.1), in PGAP2 gene was identified using whole-exome sequencing. We highlight the significance of elevated alkaline phosphatase in patients with certain dysmorphic features, can lead to the diagnosis of hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome using exome sequencing.
Stage interventions in the treatment of patients with malignant diseases of the common bile duct terminal segment complicated by acute mechanical jaundice
Authors: Kosulin Stanislav , Vinnik Juriy , Ivanova Julia 
Published: August 2021

Obstructive mechanical jaundice is a well-researched complication of various diseases and causes, yet considering patients` condition with malignant diseases according to the stage of the malignant process, severity of complications and etc. Selection of the most appropriate method of surgical treatment is always an option where it is essential to consider finding a way between efficiency and surgical trauma.
The aim of the research is to optimize the results of surgical treatment of patients with malignant tumours of the common bile duct terminal segment complicated by acute mechanical jaundice.
Materials and methods: patients over 18 y.o. with duodenal obstruction; the presence of other active cancer pathology or blood diseases.
The research was performed on 2 different groups divided according to the use of biliary passability restoring method concluding the preferability of minimally invasive methods of bile duct decompression.
Results: minimally invasive methods are not inferior to the effectiveness of biliary decompression comparing to open methods, have a number of advantages, such as minimal invasiveness, relative safety, low incidence of complications and mortality
Conclusions: the introduction of the developed algorithm for surgical treatment of blastomatous mechanical jaundice with the consistent use of antegrade and open methods, as well as antegrade, retrograde and “rendezvous” techniques in surgically incurable patients allowed to reduce the number of early postoperative complications from 32.7 % to 13.3 %, the number of complications requiring surgery – from 5.8 % to 1.3 % and the level of postoperative mortality – from 11.5 % to 2.7 %.
Development of meat-containing breads with hemp seed flour and turkey meat of mechanical crumbing
Authors: Bozhko Nataliia , Pasichnyi Vasyl , Tischenko Vasyl , Marynin Andriy , Shubina Yevgenia , Strashynskyi Igor 
Published: August 2021

The work is devoted to the development of meat-containing breads with a combination of turkey MCPM (mechanically crumbed poultry meat) and hemp flour with further study of functional-technological and sensory characteristics and the study of nutritional and energy value of finished products. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the use of hemp seed flour in the technology of baked meat products.
It was proved, that the combination of turkey MCPM and hemp flour in meat-containing breads allows to produce products with high nutritional characteristics. It was found, that the introduction of turkey in the recipe of MCPM in combination with hemp seed flour allows to obtain bread with a mass fraction of protein 18.03–19.53 g/100 g of the product. The protein concentration in the experimental samples exceeded the analogue by 3.21–11.79 %. The fraction of fat in meat-containing breads increased by an average of 37 % due to the inclusion of turkey in the recipe of MCPM. The inclusion of turkey MCPM in the recipe up to 47 % increases the concentration of macro- and micronutrients in bread to 2.06 ± 0.05 g / 100 g.
The inclusion of hemp flour in the recipe of baked products with a high content of turkey MCPM improves the functional, technological and organoleptic properties of the products. The increase in protein content by 3.21–11.80 %, fat – by 47.84–56.83 %, energy value – by 26.52–30.23 % was determined.
The high efficiency of combining turkey MCPM with hemp seed flour was confirmed in the study of functional and technological properties (FTP) of model minced meat. The ratio of MCMP: hemp seed flour 41: 8, 44:10, 47:12 improves WBC (water-binding capacity) by 13.46–22.15 %, WRC (water-retaining capacity) - by 10.34–21.43 %, FRC (fat-retaining capacity) – by 17.2–26.9 %. It was established, that the best indicators of FTP of minced meat and finished products were obtained by including 44 % of turkey MCPM and 10 % of hemp flour in the recipe of meat-containing bread. The results of the organoleptic analysis of the developed breads confirmed their high consumer value
Open-source Longitudinal Sleep Analysis From Accelerometer Data (DPSleep): Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Rahimi-Eichi Habiballah , Coombs III Garth , Vidal Bustamante Constanza M , Onnela Jukka-Pekka , Baker Justin T , Buckner Randy L 
Published: August 2021

Background
Wearable devices are now widely available to collect continuous objective behavioral data from individuals and to measure sleep.

Objective
This study aims to introduce a pipeline to infer sleep onset, duration, and quality from raw accelerometer data and then quantify the relationships between derived sleep metrics and other variables of interest.

Methods
The pipeline released here for the deep phenotyping of sleep, as the DPSleep software package, uses a stepwise algorithm to detect missing data; within-individual, minute-based, spectral power percentiles of activity; and iterative, forward-and-backward–sliding windows to estimate the major Sleep Episode onset and offset. Software modules allow for manual quality control adjustment of the derived sleep features and correction for time zone changes. In this paper, we have illustrated the pipeline with data from participants studied for more than 200 days each.

Results
Actigraphy-based measures of sleep duration were associated with self-reported sleep quality ratings. Simultaneous measures of smartphone use and GPS location data support the validity of the sleep timing inferences and reveal how phone measures of sleep timing can differ from actigraphy data.

Conclusions
We discuss the use of DPSleep in relation to other available sleep estimation approaches and provide example use cases that include multi-dimensional, deep longitudinal phenotyping, extended measurement of dynamics associated with mental illness, and the possibility of combining wearable actigraphy and personal electronic device data (eg, smartphones and tablets) to measure individual differences across a wide range of behavioral variations in health and disease. A new open-source pipeline for deep phenotyping of sleep, DPSleep, analyzes raw accelerometer data from wearable devices and estimates sleep onset and offset while allowing for manual quality control adjustments.
Disparities in Outpatient and Telehealth Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Large Integrated Health Care Organization: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Qian Lei , Sy Lina S , Hong Vennis , Glenn Sungching C , Ryan Denison S , Morrissette Kerresa , Jacobsen Steven J , Xu Stanley 
Published: August 2021

Background
Dramatic decreases in outpatient visits and sudden increases in telehealth visits were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, but it was unclear whether these changes differed by patient demographics and socioeconomic status.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on in-person outpatient and telehealth visits (telephone and video) by demographic characteristics and household income in a diverse population.

Methods
We calculated weekly rates of outpatient and telehealth visits by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood-level median household income among members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) from January 5, 2020, to October 31, 2020, and the corresponding period in 2019. We estimated the percentage change in visit rates during the early pandemic period (March 22 to April 25, 2020) and the late pandemic period (October 4 to October 31, 2020) from the prepandemic period (January 5 to March 7, 2020) in Poisson regression models for each subgroup while adjusting for seasonality using 2019 data. We examined if the changes in visit rates differed by subgroups statistically by comparing their 95% CIs.

Results
Among 4.56 million KPSC members enrolled in January 2020, 15.0% (n=682,947) were ≥65 years old, 51.5% (n=2,345,020) were female, 39.4% (n=1,795,994) were Hispanic, and 7.7% (n=350,721) lived in an area of median household income <US $40,000. Increases in telehealth visits during the pandemic varied across subgroups, while decreases in outpatient visits were similar, except by age. Among age groups, the ≥65 years population had the least increase in telehealth visits (236.6%, 95% CI 228.8%-244.5%), with 4.9 per one person-year during the early pandemic period versus 1.5 per one person-year during the prepandemic period. During the same periods, across racial/ethnic groups, Hispanic individuals had the largest increase in telehealth visits (295.5%, 95% CI 275.5%-316.5%). Across income levels, telehealth visits in the low-income group increased the most (313.5%, 95% CI 294.8%-333.1%). The rate of combined outpatient and telehealth visits in the Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and low-income groups returned to prepandemic levels by October 2020.

Conclusions
The Hispanic group and low-income group had the largest percentage increase in telehealth utilization in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of virtual care potentially mitigated the impact of the pandemic on health care utilization in these vulnerable populations.
Effects of stocking density on performance of snubnose pompano juvenile (Trachinotus blochii) reared in recirculating system
Authors: Tran Ngoc Hai , Tran Nguyen Duy Khoa , Kotani Tomonari , Ly Van Khanh , Le Quoc Viet 
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to determine appropriate densities for rearing pompano juvenile (Trachinotus blochii) in a recirculating system. Four treatments of stocking density were evaluated including 500, 1.000, 1.500, and 2.000 inds/m3 in triplicate. The experimental system for pompano rearing was designed with 120-L tanks connected to 1 settling tank, 1 filter tank, 1 stone filter tank (contained 250 L of filter volume for each tank). The system was fulfilled with marine water at 30 ‰ of salinity and aerated continuously. Pompano were initially stocked at 0.07 ± 0.03 g/fish of body weight and daily fed using commercial pellet contained 55% of crude protein. After 30 days of rearing, the fish stocked at 1.000 individuals/m3 showed the best results in growth rate (0.060 g/day of DWG and 10.97 %/day of SGR) and was significantly higher than the treatment stocked at 1,500 and 2,000 inds/m3 (p < 0.05), however, no significant difference was observed between 1,000 and 500 treatments (p > 0.05).
Кости животных из позднесарматских погребений курганной группы «Кермен Толга»
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Dordzhieva Tsagana V. , Bembeeva Lyubov A. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The article introduces results of studies of animal bones excavated by the archaeological expedition of Kalmyk Research Institute of History, Philology and Economics (with E. V. Tsutskin as leading scientist) from Late Sarmatian burials within the Kermen Tolga Mound Group in the Sarpa Lowlands in 1979. Goals. The paper provides detailed descriptions of the animal bone remains, identifies their species composition, enumerates and compares the samples. Results. The study shows all the investigated Late Sarmatian burials of the Kermen Tolga Mound Group contained bone remains of only one domesticated animal — sheep (Ovis aries). Conclusions. The analysis of bone materials described in the field summary report and stored at Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS reveals that seven of the ten female burials excavated were containing bones of the back right leg, while in four of the six male burials there were found bones of the back left leg. The conclusions are preliminary but there is a definite relationship between the gender of each single buried individual and the side of animal’s body used therein. This may indicate the earlier unnoticed element of Late Sarmatian funeral rites.