bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome-based analysis of the effects of salicylic acid and high light on lipid and astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis
Authors: Hu Qunju , Huang Danqiong , Li Anguo , Hu Zhangli , Gao Zhengquan , Yang Yongli , Wang Chaogang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The unicellular alga Haematococcus pluvialis has achieved considerable interests for its capacity to accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerol and astaxanthin under various environmental stresses. To our knowledge, studies focusing on transcriptome research of H. pluvialis under exogenous hormones together with physical stresses are rare. In the present study, the change patterns at transcriptome level were analyzed to distinguish the multiple defensive systems of astaxanthin and fatty acid metabolism against exogenous salicylic acid and high light (SAHL) stresses. Results: Based on RNA-seq data, a total of 112,463 unigenes and 61,191 genes were annotated in six databases, including NR, KEGG, Swiss-Prot, PFAM, COG and GO. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KEGG identified many transcripts that associated with the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites, photosynthesis, and immune system responses. Furthermore, 705 unigenes predicted as putative transcription factors (TFs) were identified, and the most abundant TFs families were likely to be associated with the biosynthesis of astaxanthin and fatty acid in H. pluvialis upon exposure to SAHL stresses. Additionally, majority of the fifteen key genes involved in astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways presented the same expression pattern, resulting in increased accumulation of astaxanthin and fatty acids in single celled H. pluvialis, in which astaxanthin content increased from 0.56±0.05 mg·L-1 at stage Control to 0.89±0.12 mg·L-1 at stage SAHL_48. And positive correlations were observed among these studied genes by Pearson Correlation (PC) analysis, indicating the coordination between astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis also demonstrated that this coordination might be at transcriptional level.Conclusion: The results in this study provided valuable information to illustrate the molecular mechanisms of coordinate relations between astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis. And salicylic acid might play a role in self-protection processes of cells, helping adaption of H. pluvialis to high light stress.
An association between visceral or subcutaneous fat accumulation and diabetes mellitus among Japanese subjects
Authors: Yokokawa Hirohide , Fukuda Hiroshi , Saita Mizue , Goto Kento , Kaku Tengen , Miyagami Taiju , Takahashi Yuichi , Hamada Chieko , Hisaoka Teruhiko , Naito Toshio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of subcutaneous fat accumulation remains controversial. This study assessed the association between visceral or subcutaneous fat area (VFA and SFA, respectively) and diabetes mellitus (DM) among Japanese subjects.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 1,907 eligible participants (men, 1,050; women, 857) who participated in a voluntary health check-up conducted at Juntendo University Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018, in Tokyo, Japan. Associations between VFA or SFA quartiles and DM were identified using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess appropriate cut-off values of VFA or SFA.Results: Multivariate analyses showed that Q4 (≥125 cm2) of VFA was significantly positively associated with DM compared to Q1 (<65 cm2) (AOR=1.94, 95% CI=1.02-3.71), whereas there was no association between SFA and DM in men. Among women, Q4 (≥85 cm2) of VFA was significantly positively associated with DM compared to Q1 (< 30 cm2) (Q4, AOR=6.15, 95% CI=1.65-22.99). Also, Q3 and Q4 (≥135 cm2) of SFA were significantly positively associated with DM compared to Q1 (<90 cm2) (Q3, AOR=5.64, 95% CI=1.21-26.25; Q4, AOR=7.81, 95% CI=1.71-35.65). The appropriate cut-off value of VFA in men was 101.5 cm2. Those of VFA and SFA in women were 72.5 cm2 and 165.3 cm2, respectively.Conclusion: Our results suggest the importance of considering SFA as well as VFA, especially in women, for primary and secondary prevention of DM.
Silencing of Vangl2 attenuates the inflammation promoted by Wnt5a via MAPK and NF-κB pathway in chondrocytes.
Authors: Zhang Ke , Li Zhuoying , Lu Yunyang , Xiang Linyi , Sun Jiadong , Zhang Hong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The Wnt planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) both in animals and in humans. Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) is a key PCP protein that is required for the orientation and alignment of chondrocytes in the growth plate. However, its functional roles in OA still remain undefined. Here, we explored the effects of Vangl2 on OA chondrocyte in vitro, and further elucidated the molecular mechanism of silencing Vangl2 in Wnt5a-overexpressing OA chondrocytes.Methods: Chondrocytes were treated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) to simulate the inflammatory microenvironment of OA. The expression levels of Vangl2, Wnt5a, MMPs, and related proinflammatory cytokines were measured by RT-qPCR. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) of Vangl2 and the plasmid targeting Wnt5a were constructed and transfected into ATDC5 cells. Then the functional roles of silencing Vangl2 in the OA chondrocytes were investigated by Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunocytochemistry (ICC). Transfected OA chondrocytes were subjected to Western blotting to analyze the relationship between Vangl2 and related signaling pathways. Results: IL-1β induced the production of Vangl2, Wnt5a and MMPs in a time-dependent manner and the significantly increased expression of Vangl2. Vangl2 silencing effectively suppressed the expression of MMP3, MMP9, MMP13 and IL-6 at both gene and protein levels, and upregulated the expression of type II collagen and aggrecan. Moreover, knockdown of Vangl2 inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling molecules (P38, ERK, and JNK) and P65 in Wnt5a-overexpressing OA chondrocytes.Conclusions: For the first time, we demonstrate that Vangl2 is involved in the OA process. Vangl2 silencing can notably alleviate OA progression in vitro by inhibiting the expression of MMPs and increasing the formation of the cartilage matrix, and can inhibit the proinflammatory effects of Wnt5a via MAPK and NF-κB pathway. This study provides new insight into the mechanism of cartilage inflammation.
Vestibular dose correlates with dizziness after radiosurgery for the treatment of vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Ermiş Ekin , Anschuetz Lukas , Leiser Dominic , Poel Robert , Raabe Andreas , Manser Peter , Aebersold Daniel M , Caversaccio Marco , Mantokoudis Georgios , Abu-Isa Janine , Wagner Franca , Herrmann Evelyn 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been recognized as a first-line treatment option for small to moderate sized vestibular schwannoma (VS). Our aim is to evaluate the impact of SRS doses and other patient and disease characteristics on vestibular function in patients with VS.MethodsData on VS patients treated with single-fraction SRS to 12 Gy were retrospectively reviewed. No dose constraints were given to the vestibule during optimization in treatment planning. Patient and tumor characteristics, pre- and post-SRS vestibular examination results and patient-reported dizziness were assessed from patient records. ResultsFifty-three patients were analyzed. Median follow-up was 32 months (range, 6–79). The median minimum, mean and maximum vestibular doses were 2.6 ± 1.6 Gy, 6.7 ± 2.8 Gy, and 11 ± 3.6 Gy, respectively. On univariate analysis, Koos grade (p=0.04; OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.01–11.81), tumor volume (median 6.1 cm³; range, 0.8–38; p=0.01; OR: 4.85; 95% CI: 1.43–16.49), presence of pre-SRS dizziness (p=0.02; OR: 3.98; 95% CI; 1.19–13.24) and minimum vestibular dose (p=0.033; OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.03–2.32) showed a significant association with patient-reported dizziness. On multivariate analysis, minimum vestibular dose remained significant (p=0.02; OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.05–2.89). Patients with improved caloric function had received significantly lower mean (1.5 ± 0.7 Gy, p=0.01) and maximum doses (4 ± 1.5 Gy, p=0.01) to the vestibule.ConclusionsOur results reveal that 5 Gy and above minimum vestibular doses significantly worsened dizziness. Additionally, mean and maximum doses received by the vestibule were significantly lower in patients who had improved caloric function. Further investigations are needed to determine dose-volume parameters and their effects on vestibular toxicity.
Therapeutic Effects of Manual Therapy, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation, and Forearm Brace on Lateral Epicondylitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rachold Wolfgang , Berger Christoph , Reis Olaf , Buchmann Johannes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Epicondylopathia humeri radialis is often diagnosed by general practitioners. Usually, the therapy comprises transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and the application of a forearm brace. Manual therapy is prescribed beyond transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and forearm brace, and it is performed by specialized physiotherapists. However, data comparing the effectiveness of all methods are scarce. In this study, the therapeutic effects of manual therapy were compared to those of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and forearm brace along with a combination of all three. Methods: Fifty-two patients diagnosed with epicondylopathia humeri radialis by a general practitioner were randomized into three treatment arms: 19 patients received a combination of manual therapy, transcutaneous nerve stimulation, and forearm brace; 18 patients received manual therapy only; and 15 patients wore a forearm brace and received transcutaneous nerve stimulation. The primary outcomes included the range of motion and pain intensity. The secondary outcomes were elbow function and psychological well-being. Primary and secondary outcomes were measured before treatment (0), and 4- and 8-weeks post-treatment using the Patient Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation Questionnaire and the Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire. Results: The range of motion and pain intensity did not differ between the intervention groups.Conclusions: Manual therapy alone is as effective as combination therapy with transcutaneous nerve stimulation and the use of a forearm brace for epicondylopathia humeri radialis. Hence, there is evidence supporting the inclusion of manual therapy in the guidelines for treating patients with epicondylopathia humeri radialis. Trial registration: German Clinical Trial Register: DRKS, trial registration number: 00021137, date of registration: 24/03/2020 (retrospectively registered)
Effects of compound probiotics and aflatoxin-degradation enzyme on alleviating aflatoxin-induced cytotoxicity in chicken embryo primary intestinal epithelium, liver and kidney cells
Authors: Guo Hongwei , Chang Juan , Wang Ping , Yin Qingqiang , Liu Chaoqi , Xu Xiaoxiang , Dang Xiaowei , Hu Xiaofei , Wang Quanliang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most dangerous mycotoxins for humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of compound probiotics (CP), CP supernatant (CPS), AFB1-degradation enzyme (ADE) on chicken embryo primary intestinal epithelium, liver and kidney cell viabilities, and to determine the functions of CP + ADE (CPADE) or CPS + ADE (CPSADE) for alleviating cytotoxicity induced by AFB1. The results showed that AFB1 decreased cell viabilities in dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The optimal AFB1 concentrations and reactive time for establishing cell damage models were 200 µg/L AFB1 and 12 h for intestinal epithelium cells, 40 µg/L and 12 h for liver and kidney cells. Cell viabilities reached 231.58% (p < 0.05) for intestinal epithelium cells with CP addition, 105.29% and 115.84% (p < 0.05) for kidney and liver cells with CPS additions. The further results showed that intestinal epithelium, liver and kidney cell viabilities were significantly decreased to 87.12%, 88.7% and 84.19% (p < 0.05) when the cells were exposed to AFB1; however, they were increased to 93.49% by CPADE addition, 102.33% and 94.71% by CPSADE additions (p < 0.05). The relative mRNA abundances of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, iNOS, NF-κB, NOD1 (except liver cell) and TLR2 in three kinds of primary cells were significantly down-regulated by CPADE or CPSADE addition, compared with single AFB1 group (p < 0.05), indicating that CPADE or CPSADE addition could alleviate cell cytotoxicity and inflammation induced by AFB1 exposure through suppressing the activations of NF-κB, NOD1 and TLR2 pathways.
Subpicosecond metamagnetic phase transition driven by non-equilibrium electron dynamics
Authors: Pressacco Federico , Sangalli Davide , Uhlíř Vojtěch , Kutnyakhov Dmytro , Arregi Jon Ander , Agustsson Steinn Ymir , Brenner Günter , Redlin Harald , Heber Michael , Vasilyev Dmitry , Demsar Jure , Schönhense Gerd , Gatti Matteo , Marini Andrea , Wurth Wilfried , Sirotti Fausto 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Femtosecond light-induced phase transitions between different macroscopic orders provide the possibility to tune the functional properties of condensed matter on ultrafast timescales. In first-order phase transitions, transient non-equilibrium phases and inherent phase coexistence often preclude non-ambiguous detection of transition precursors and their temporal onset. Here, we present a study combining time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and ab-initio electron dynamics calculations elucidating the transient subpicosecond processes governing the photoinduced generation of ferromagnetic order in antiferromagnetic FeRh. The transient photoemission spectra are accounted for by assuming that not only the occupation of electronic states is modified during the photoexcitation process. Instead, the photo-generated non-thermal distribution of electrons modifies the electronic band structure. The ferromagnetic phase of FeRh, characterized by a minority band near the Fermi energy, is established 350 ± 30 fs after the laser excitation. Ab-initio calculations indicate that the phase transition is initiated by a photoinduced Rh-to-Fe charge transfer.
Disorders of sex development in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: a genotype-phenotype correlation and MSX1 as candidate gene
Authors: Rjiba khouloud , Ayech Hedia , Slimani wafa , KRAIEM Olfa , Jelloul Afef , Hmida Imen Ben Hadj , Mahdhaoui Nabiha , Saad Ali , Mougou-Zerelli soumaya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Wolf-Hirschhorn (WHS) is a set of congenital physical anomalies and mental retardation associated with a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4.To establish a genotype-phenotype correlation; we carried out a molecular cytogenetic analysis on two Tunisian WHS patients. Patient 1 was a boy of one-year-old, presented a typical WHS phenotype while patient 2, is a boy of two days presented an hypospadias, a micropenis and a cryptorchidie in addition to the typical WHS phenotype. Both the array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) techniques were used.Results: Results of the analysis showed that patient 2 had a greater deletion size (4,8Mb) of chromosome 4 than patient 1 (3,4 Mb). Here, we notice that the larger the deletion, the more genes are likely to be involved, and the more severe the phenotype is likely to be. If we analyze the uncommon deleted region between patient1 and patient 2 we found that the Muscle Segment Homeobox (MSX1) gene is included in this region. MSX1 is a critical transcriptional repressor factor, expressed in the ventral side of the developing anterior pituitary and implicated in gonadotrope differentiation. Msx1 acts as a negative regulatory pituitary development by repressing the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) genes during embryogenesis. We hypothesized that the deletion of MSX1 in our patient may deregulate the androgen synthesis. Conclusion: Based on the MSX1 gene function, its absence might be indirectly responsible for the hypospadias phenotype by contributing to the spatiotemporal regulation of GnRH transcription during development.
Prognostic significance of diabetes mellitus in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Papazoglou Andreas S , Kartas Anastasios , Samaras Athanasios , Akrivos Evangelos , Vouloagkas Ioannis , Vrana Eleni , Moysidis Dimitrios V , Kotzampasis Georgios , Baroutidou Amalia , Papanastasiou Anastasios , Liampas Evangelos , Botis Michail , Karagiannidis Efstratios , Stalikas Nikolaos , Karvounis Haralambos , Tzikas Apostolos , Giannakoulas George 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: There are limited data on the association of diabetes mellitus (DM) and levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who were recently hospitalized with a primary or secondary diagnosis of AF from December 2015 through June 2018. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox-regression adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were calculated for the primary outcome of all-cause mortality and for the secondary outcomes of cardiovascular (CV) mortality and the composite outcome of CV death or hospitalization. Competing-risk regression analyses were performed to calculate the cumulative risk of stroke, major bleeding, AF- or HF-hospitalizations adjusted for the competing risk of all-cause death. Spline curve models were fitted to investigate associations of HbA1c values and mortality among patients with AF and DM.Results: In total 1140 AF patients were included, of whom 373 (32.7%) had DM. During a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 414 (37.3%) patients died. The presence of DM was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (aHR=1.40 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.11-1.75), CV mortality (aHR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.07-1.81), sudden cardiac death (aHR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.19-2.52), stroke (aHR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.01-3.45) and the composite outcome of hospitalization or CV death (aHR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.06-1.53). In AF patients with comorbid DM, the spline curves showed a positive linear association between HbA1c levels and outcomes, with values 7.6-8.2% being independent predictors of increased all-cause mortality, and values <6.2% predicting significantly decreased all-cause and CV mortality.Conclusions: The presence of DM on top of AF was associated with substantially increased risk for all-cause or CV mortality, sudden cardiac death and excess morbidity. HbA1c levels lower than 6.2% were independently related to better survival rates suggesting that optimal DM control could be associated with better clinical outcomes in AF patients with DM.
Analysis of Characteristics and Risk Factors of Unintentional Injuries in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Liang LiJuan , Wang KeWei , Hu NanFei , Gong ShuaiZheng , Liu Li , Qiu Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of accidental injuries among disabled children increased, including children with cerebral palsy(CP). However, there are few reports on the characteristics and risk factors of unintentional injuries in children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, we collected 117 children with CP as the research objects, and analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of unintentional injuries of them to provide effective preventive measures and reduce the incidence of accidental injuries in children with CP. Results reveal that the incidence of once unintentional injuries in children with CP in the past 3 months was 32.47%, and the incidence of re-injury was 3.4%, which was lower than that of normal or disabled children. In addition, our research also found that the causes of unintentional injuries of children with CP were mainly fall. The injured parts were mainly lower limbs and head and neck. The injuries mainly occured indoors, and most unintentional injuries occurred during when resting, sleeping or relaxing. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of this study found that girls, low family income and less time with their parents were risk factors for unintentional injuries in children with CP.
Comparisons of Disease Cluster Patterns, Prevalence and Health Factors in the USA, Canada, England and Ireland.
Authors: Hernandez Belinda , Voll MA Stacey , Lewis MA Nathan , McCrory Cathal , White Arthur , Stirland MBChB Lucy , Kenny Rose Anne , Reilly Richard , Hutton Craig P. , Griffith Lauren E. , Kirkland Susan , Terrera Graciela Muñiz , Hofer Scott 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Identification of those who are most at risk of developing specific patterns of disease across different populations is required for directing public health policy. Here, we contrast prevalence and patterns of cross-national disease incidence, co-occurrence and related risk factors across population samples from the U.S., Canada, England and Ireland. Methods Participants (n=62,111) were drawn from the US Health and Retirement Study (n=10,858); the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Ageing (n=36,647); the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (n=7,938) and The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (n=6,668). Self-reported lifetime prevalence of 10 medical conditions, predominant clusters of multimorbidity and their specific risk factors were compared across countries using latent class analysis. Results The U.S. had significantly higher prevalence of multimorbid disease patterns and nearly all diseases when compared to the three other countries, even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, income, employment status, education, alcohol consumption and smoking history. For the U.S. the most at-risk group were younger on average compared to Canada, England and Ireland. Socioeconomic gradients for specific disease combinations were more pronounced for the U.S., Canada and England than they were for Ireland. The rates of obesity trends over the last 50 years align with the prevalence of eight of the ten diseases examined. While patterns of disease clusters and the risk factors related to each of the disease clusters were similar, the probabilities of the diseases within each cluster differed across countries. Conclusions This information can be used to better understand the complex nature of multimorbidity and identify appropriate prevention and management strategies for treating multimorbidity across countries.
Application of Novel Tumor-free Techniques in Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy for Early Cervical Cancer.
Authors: Jing Huining , Zhou Junying , Ran Xuting , Min Wenjiao , Li Zhengyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: Minimally invasive radical hysterectomy has been historically considered oncologically equivalent to open radical hysterectomy for patients with early cervical cancer. However, it was recently reported to be significantly inferior in long-term outcomes of the minimally invasive approach to open approach. The underlying causes of this finding arouse great concern and remain controversial. Here we would like to share some initial experience of tumor-free techniques in laparoscopic procedures for early cervical cancer, including uterine manipulator-free manipulation and enclosed colpotomy. Methods: Between December 2019 and May 2020, we performed manipulator-free laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in 26 cases with early cervical cancer. The modified tumor-free techniques, including uterine manipulator-free manipulation and enclosed colpotomy, was described in detail with illustrations.Results: The procedures went well in all patients. In our initial experience, these modifications do not increase the difficulty of surgical techniques, and can be well performed by the experienced surgeons.Conclusions: These techniques are safe and feasible, and the effects on oncological outcomes deserve follow-up and further clinical studies.