bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Few quantum walkers for the generation of vortex creep on bosonic flux ladders
Authors: Huang Weijie , Yao Yao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate the quantum–classical correspondence of vortex creep within the framework of quantum ladder lattice with artificial gauge. By introducing operators to characterize microscopic vortices in the bosonic flux ladder, we focus on quantum walks initiated from states with one, two and four particles localized at the central sites of the ladder. In the single-particle systems, we observe an asymmetric spreading of vortices stemming from the specific construction of the initial states and the gauge choice. In the two- and four-particle systems, comparisons across different conditions reveal that the individual application of flux and interactions slows down particle propagation due to pairing and vortex formation. Notably, when both flux and interaction are present concurrently, our results demonstrate that the mean square displacement (MSD) of the vortices grows significantly slower than the typical

MSD

∼

t
2

for quantum walk, instead approaching the characteristic behavior of classical walk

MSD

∼
t

. This indicates that the observed spreading process is consistent with the classical walk of vortices formed by circulating particles, i.e. vortex creep in superconductors.
Modelling spectra of hot alkali vapour in the saturation regime
Authors: Häupl Daniel R , Higgins Clare R , Pizzey Danielle , Briscoe Jack D , Wrathmall Steven A , Hughes Ifan G , Löw Robert , Joly Nicolas Y 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Laser spectroscopy of hot atomic vapours has been studied extensively. Theoretical models that predict the absolute value of the electric susceptibility are crucial for optimising the design of photonic devices that use hot vapours, and for extracting parameters, such as external fields, when these devices are used as sensors. To date, most of the models developed have been restricted to the weak-probe regime. However, fulfilling the weak-probe power constraint may not always be easy, desired or necessary. Here we present a model for simulating the spectra of alkali-metal vapours for a variety of experimental parameters, most distinctly at intensities beyond weak laser fields. The model incorporates optical pumping effects and transit-time broadening. We test the performance of the model by performing spectroscopy of 87Rb in a magnetic field of 0.6 T, where isolated atomic resonances can be addressed. We find very good agreement between the model and data for three different beam diameters and a variation of intensity of over five orders of magnitude. The non-overlapping absorption lines allow us to differentiate the saturation behaviour of open and closed transitions. While our model was only experimentally verified for the D2 line of rubidium, the software is also capable of simulating spectra of rubidium, sodium, potassium and caesium over both D lines.
Efficient decomposition of gaseous formaldehyde by surface dielectric barrier discharge with different dielectric materials
Authors: Zhang Jingshuo , Zhao Xinyi , Ge Ruirui , Shu Jiangling , Ni Tianji , Li Zhuo , Qi Miao , Zhang Yuna , Zhang Jin , Wang Danyang , Xie Na , Xu Dehui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, research on atmospheric-pressure low-temperature plasma technology has made significant progress and demonstrated great potential in the field of environmental remediation. Numerous studies have shown that low-temperature plasma technology has significant advantages for eliminating volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the direct treatment of formaldehyde gas must be improved. Therefore, this study investigated the degradation of formaldehyde in the gas phase, using air as the working gas, following the principles of economic and environmental protection. Furthermore, the degradation effect of surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma on formaldehyde in the gas phase was investigated. This study examined the characteristics of a surface air plasma under sinusoidal power supply excitation. The effects of the dielectric plate material, discharge area, and voltage on the discharge characteristics were also discussed. The results showed that the discharge voltage and temperature increase of the alumina ceramic dielectric board were the lowest at the same power, and the concentration of excited-state reactive species generated was relatively high. For the detection of neutral gas components under different voltages, it was found that the discharge gradually transformed from ozone mode to nitrogen oxide mode with increasing voltage. In the experiment on formaldehyde degradation in the gas phase, it was found that the degradation rate in the direct degradation mode was positively correlated with the discharge power and negatively correlated with the initial concentration and gas flow rate, with the highest degradation rate of 96.57%. In cyclic degradation mode, the treatment reached the national safety standard within 5 min.
Type-II band-alignment in vertical transition metal-di-chalcogenide heterostructures for near infrared and visible light detection
Authors: Kharadi Mubashir A , Agarwal Tarun Kumar , Mahariq Ibrahim , Saha Jhuma 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, group-6 and group-7 (ReSe2) transition metal-di-chalcogenide (TMD) heterostructures are studied systematically using density functional theory (DFT). Different combinations of ReSe2 and group-6 TMDs are explored to identify the heterostructures with ‘type-II band-alignment’. ReSe2 monolayer is chosen as group-7 TMD because of its dynamic stability. Materials like MoS2, MoSe2, MoTe2, WS2 and WSe2 are chosen as group-6 TMDs. The heterostructures are evaluated in terms of metrics like; type of band-alignment, band-offsets, optical absorption and potential difference across the interface. ReSe2/MoS2, ReSe2/MoSe2 and ReSe2/WS2 heterostructures are identified as materials with ‘type-II band-alignment’ having bandgap values of 0.447 eV, 0.956 eV and 0.684 eV respectively. The identified ‘type-II heterostructures’ show a high absorption coefficient (∼40 × 104 cm−1) in visible-light region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Also, these ‘type-II heterostructures’ show a considerable potential drop across the interface (3.49 eV, for ReSe2/MoS2, heterostructure), which is important for efficient separation of photogenerated carriers into electrons and holes. This potential drop is crucial for limiting the recombination of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, based on the performance metrics it is shown, among the studied heterostructures, ReSe2/MoS2, ReSe2/MoSe2 and ReSe2/WS2 heterostructures are suitable for light detecting applications in visible-light region of electromagnetic spectrum. Moreover, ReSe2/MoTe2 and ReSe2/WSe2 heterostructures show a ‘type-I band-alignment’.
Circular viewpoint of higher-order rogue wavestructures of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Ankiewicz Adrian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We analyze rogue wave patterns for various orders of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation for large values of solution parameters. We use a combination of exact solutions, geometric constructions and polynomial approximations for analysis, and introduce a new way of viewing the formations of rogue waves, including the triangular ones, by showing that they all can be represented as occupying circular shells, some of which contain ’nuclei’.&#xD;
Application of total quadratic indices of molecular pseudographs: a study on Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) to predict physicochemical properties using weighting schemes
Authors: P Ugasini Preetha , Suresh M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the relevance of physicochemical properties of 34 NSAIDs to their chemical characteristics using total quadratic indices q

k
(x) modeled as pseudographs with atomic number and atomic radius weighting schemes, compared against traditional indices modeled using unweighted graphs. The objective was to assess the predictive capabilities of these indices in modeling drug properties. Multiple Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression revealed significant multicollinearity in the models. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to address this issue, leading to a reduction in multicollinearity, although it was accompanied by a slight decrease in model performance metrics such as R
2. Despite this, quadratic indices demonstrated competitive performance when compared to traditional indices. Notably, the quadratic indices showed higher relevance in predicting the physicochemical properties complexity (C), molecular weight (MW), refractivity (RV) and polarizability (P) compared to traditional indices. The model validated by parameters like coefficient of determination (R
2), p - value, standard error (S.E), F-statistic and Durbin-Watson (DW) statistics. These results underscore the potential of quadratic indices in enhancing predictive modeling of drug properties, offering improved insights compared to traditional topological indices.
Entanglement entropy and polarization in the extended long-range non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Authors: Zhang Xudong , Bao Jia , Guo Bin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Higher winding numbers in topological phases signify more intricate quantum structures, offering enhanced robustness to perturbations by capturing the multiple ways quantum states wrap around parameter space. In this paper, we extend the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model to incorporate fifth-nearest-neighbor hopping and gain/loss imaginary potentials, achieving higher winding numbers and uncovering a richer spectrum of topological phenomena. We show that both the fifth-nearest-neighbor hopping and imaginary potentials significantly influence entanglement entropy and polarization, with both quantities serving as effective indicators of topological phase transitions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these transitions can also be marked by changes in the bulk band gap and the presence of topologically protected edge states. Notably, we observe the emergence of localized isolated states within the bulk band structure under the influence of non-Hermitian effects, a process that is effectively described by entanglement entropy. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of non-Hermitian topological systems and offer potential insights for the design of novel quantum technologies.
Exploring The Effect of Sintering Parameters on Magnetic and Microwaves Absorption Capacities of Manganese-Titanium Substituted Strontium Hexaferrite
Authors: Darmawan Lucky , Manaf Azwar , Taryana Y. , Manawan Maykel , Bahfie Fathan , Haryono Ari 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we report the results of co-substituting Mn2+ and Ti4+ ions for Fe3+ in Strontium hexaferrite lattice to obtain SrFe(12-x)Mnx/2Tix/2O19 or SHF(MTO)x and its effect on the microwave absorption capacity. Heat treatment for various periods led to grain growth in the SHF(MTO)x samples. Co-substituting Mn2+ and Ti4+ ions for Fe3+ in the main phase of SrFe12O19 with x = 1.0 reduced the coercivity of the sample x = 0.0 from 3.82 kOe to 1.68 kOe. This paper evaluates the combined effects of reduced coercivity and grain growth on microwave absorption capacity. The reflection loss (RL) value of SHF(MTO)x samples significantly increased with the reduction of coercivity. This increase ranged from -16.43 dB at 10.86 GHz (x = 0.0) to -42.60 dB at 10.28 GHz (x = 1.0), despite a decrease in bandwidth from 0.20 GHz to 0.16 GHz. The latter bandwidth increased to 0.65 GHz, due to the grain growth effect following annealing at 1250 °C for 12 hours, resulting in an average crystallite size of 651 nm,
Search Capability for Near-Earth Objects with the Wide Field Survey Telescope
Authors: Lu Jun-Qiang , Fan Lu-Lu , Cai Min-Xuan , Wang Shao-Han , Fu Bing-Xue , Kong Xu , Zhu Qing-Feng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST), with a powerful sky survey capability in the northern hemisphere, will play an important role in asteroid searching and monitoring. However, WFST is not a telescope dedicated to near-Earth asteroids (NEOs) searching. In order to improve the efficiency of finding NEOs on the premise of meeting the needs of other scientific research, we ran mock observations for WFST to study its search capability for NEOs. The NEO population model, the WFST detection model and site conditions are taken into account in our simulations. Based on the original scheduling scheme, we present two new schemes. Compared to the original scheme, the optimized scheme can improve the search capability of known and unknown NEOs by 100% and 50%. We also emphasized the importance of trailing loss and proposed an improved effective field of view model. In addition, it is predicted that adopting the clear-day ratio of 0.7 and the optimized scheme, during one year of regular survey, for NEOs with absolute magnitude from 17 to 25, WFST can provide tracklets for about 1800 NEOs if their orbits are known, and in the case of blind search, more than 600 NEOs can be found by WFST. The new schemes provide valuable reference and suggestions for the WFST’s regular survey strategy.
Energy dependence of fission product yields in 235U(n, f) within the Langevinapproach incorporated with the statistical model
Authors: Liu Li Le , Chen Yong Jing , Ge Zhigang , huang xiaolong , Shen Caiwan , shu nengchuan , li Zhuxia , Li Zhuxia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, the Langevin approach incorporated with the statistical model is adopted to inves tigate the independent fission yields for a large quantity of fission products and the dependence of&#xD;the prompt fission observables on the incident neutron energy in 235U(n, f). The neutron evapo ration from the fission process is taken into account by coupling the Weisskopf statistical model to&#xD;the Langevin dynamical simulation, where the potential energy surface of the respective fissioning&#xD;nucleus from each fission chance is calculated by using the macroscopic-microscopic model within&#xD;the two-center shell model. The partitions of the charge and total excitation energy between the&#xD;two complementary fragments are evaluated so that the prompt neutron emissions from fission frag ments are described based on the characteristics of primary fragments. With the present model,&#xD;the calculated independent fission yields of the isotopes from Z=30-61 in 14 MeV n+235U fission&#xD;are in good agreement with the evaluated data from ENDF/B-VIII.0. Moreover, the evolution of&#xD;the independent mass yields and the cumulative yields for select isotopes with the incident neutron&#xD;energy, as well as the tendency of both the average TKE and prompt neutron multiplicity with the&#xD;increase of the incident neutron energy, are consistent with the experimental data. The present&#xD;model may shed light on reproducing prompt fission observables across a range of incident neutron&#xD;energies for major actinides.&#xD;
Run-length distribution of self-assembling cargos in crowded environments
Authors: Mukherji Sutapa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intracellular transport, carried out by motor proteins, is crucial for numerous biological functions of the cell. Cytoskeletal motor proteins such as kinesins and dyneins move on the biopolymer, microtubule, carrying different kinds of biomolecules as cargo to deliver these at required destinations. Such transport is often impeded by a crowded environment along the microtubule due to other motor proteins and various cellular organelles. Here, we study the motion of a self-assembling cargo that, during its translocation, can associate kinesins bound to the microtubules. This strategy is believed to help the cargo move efficiently along the microtubule crowded by free kinesins. Using the idea of first-passage time and the backward master equation approach, we determine the run-length distribution of such cargo under different crowding densities. We show that for high kinesin-association rates, the average run-length shows a peak with the crowding density while, for low kinesin-association rates, it decreases monotonically with the crowding density.
Unveiling nitrogen oxide emissions from open-pit copper mines through satellite observations
Authors: Ialongo Iolanda , Virta Henrik , Hakkarainen Janne , Özcan Cem , Ranta Mikko , Zieleniewski Simon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Copper is a critical mineral for clean energy and transportation, and it is necessary for a sustainable economy that aims at reducing fossil fuel usage. Assessing the performance and environmental impacts of copper mining is therefore necessary to evaluate the progress towards sustainable development. In this study, we estimate the nitrogen oxide (NO
x
) emissions (largely attributable to the diesel-powered mobile fleet) over 14 of the world’s largest open-pit copper mines. We derive the emissions by applying a data-driven approach to the satellite-based nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observations from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument on board the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. We find that the annual NO
x
emissions over the different mines are coupled to the corresponding copper production, ore processed and total material moved. The time series analysis reveals that the annual amount of total material moved over the open pit of each mine best reproduces the year-to-year variability of the NO
x
emissions. Overall, satellite NO2 observations show good potential in tracking mining activities and for improving the assessment of the environmental impact of the mining industry.
Research on fault detection and health monitoring of high-power thyristor converter based on long short-term memory in nuclear fusion
Authors: Zhang Ling , Jiang Li , Gao Ge 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research focuses on solving the fault detection and health monitoring of high-power thyristor converter. In terms of the critical role of thyristor converter in nuclear fusion system, a method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model is proposed to monitor the operational state of the converter and accurately detect faults as they occur. By sampling and processing a large number of thyristor converter operation data, the LSTM model is trained to identify and detect abnormal state, and the power supply health status is monitored. Compared with traditional methods, LSTM model shows higher accuracy and abnormal state detection ability.&#xD;The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the reliability and safety of the thyristor converter, and provide a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the nuclear fusion reactor.
Quantum-centric computation of molecular excited states with extended sample-based quantum diagonalization
Authors: Barison Stefano , Robledo Moreno Javier , Motta Mario 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The simulation of molecular electronic structure is an important application of quantum devices. Recently, it has been shown that quantum devices can be effectively combined with classical supercomputing centers in the context of the sample-based quantum diagonalization (SQD) algorithm. This allowed the largest electronic structure quantum simulation to date (77 qubits) and opened near-term devices to practical use cases in chemistry toward the hundred-qubit mark. However, the description of many important physical and chemical properties of those systems, such as photo-absorption/-emission, requires a treatment that goes beyond the ground state alone. In this work, we extend the SQD algorithm to determine low-lying molecular excited states. The extended-SQD method improves over the original SQD method in accuracy, at the cost of an additional computational step. It also improves over quantum subspace expansion based on single and double electronic excitations, a widespread approach to excited states on pre-fault-tolerant quantum devices, in both accuracy and efficiency. We employ the extended SQD method to compute the first singlet (S
1) and triplet (T
1) excited states of the nitrogen molecule with a correlation-consistent basis set, and the ground- and excited-state properties of the [2Fe-2S] cluster.
In-line six-mode fiber filter based millimeter-wave generation in tunable and switchable dual wavelength fiber laser for 5G networks
Authors: Ahmad Harith , Lohano Leela Wanti , Nizamani Bilal , Samion Muhamad Zharif , Thambiratnam Kavintheran , Ismail Mohamad Faizal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work introduces an innovative method for generating high-frequency signals using a dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser (DWEDFL) operating at the C-band. A key innovation in the proposed work is the integration of 1.8 m of six-mode fiber as a compact and novel in-line comb-like wavelength filter, which provides a free spectral range (FSR) of 0.41 nm, offering a unique approach to generate dual-wavelength signals. The DWEDFL operates at wavelengths of 1529.83 and 1530.24 nm, with an optical-signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of 56 dB, and provides a broad tunability range of 42 nm. Furthermore, by increasing the length of the six-mode fiber, the DWEDFL achieved a tunable FSR of 0.37 to 0.16 nm. The dual-wavelength laser at tunable FSR generates a tunable radio frequency (RF) signal by utilizing the phenomenon of heterodyne mixing. The novelty of this work lies in the combination of the unique six-mode fiber filter design and its ability to control the FSR, providing beat frequencies that align with the operating bands of 5G networks. The proposed approach demonstrates beat frequencies at 20.50, 26.91, 47.42, and 52.54 GHz, indicating the high-band region (24 to 52 GHz) of the 5G spectrum. To the authors’ knowledge, this method for generating high-frequency signals holds significant potential for driving advancements in 5G applications.
Countries across the world use more land for golf courses than wind or solar energy
Authors: Weinand Jann Michael , Pelser Tristan , Kleinebrahm Max , Stolten Detlef 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Land use is a critical factor in the siting of renewable energy facilities and is often scrutinized due to perceived conflicts with other land demands. Meanwhile, substantial areas are devoted to activities such as golf, which are accessible to only a select few and have a significant land and environmental footprint. Our study shows that in countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom, far more land is allocated to golf courses than to renewable energy facilities. Areas equivalent to those currently used for golf could support the installation of up to 842 GW of solar and 659 GW of wind capacity in the top ten countries with the most golf courses. In many of these countries, this potential exceeds both current installed capacity and medium-term projections. These findings underscore the untapped potential of rethinking land use priorities to accelerate the transition to renewable energy.