bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Urine Sample of Patients Suffering from Urinary Tract Infection with Diabetes and Nephropathy
Authors: Ahsan Nazmul , Rahman Monzilur , Islam Md Nazrul , Akhand Anwarul Azim 
Published: June 2021

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms are spreading widely and becoming an issue of utmost importance to deal with. In the current study, ten urine samples from diabetic patients suffering from multiple complications, including urinary tract infection (UTI) and nephropathy were investigated. Antibiogram assays of the bacterial isolates from collected samples demonstrated resistance against most of the antibiotics tested. Further studies were conducted to determine the types of resistant bacteria that caused UTI. Analyzing the 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic tree, 3 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli, 5 as Klebsiella pneumoniae and the rest 2 as Enterobacter asburiae. The findings of this research indicate the necessity of urgent attention to find an effective alternative drug for treating infections caused by these resistant isolates.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(1): 87-93, 2021 (June)
Pharmacological Screening of Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Saha Poushali , Brishty Shejuti Rahman , Rahman SM Abdur 
Published: June 2021

In the present study some substituted benzimidazole derivatives were screened for several biological activities. The synthesized compounds were subjected to evaluation of central analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities by radiant heat induced tail flicking, carrageenan induced rat paw edema inhibition, brine shrimp lethality bioassay, disc diffusion and DPPH free radical scavenging methods, respectively. Compounds 2a, 2c and 2d elongated the tail flicking time by 58.07-, 51.59- and 76.65%, respectively (p < 0.001) at 50 mg/kg body weight dose compared to the standard morphine (87.17%). Compounds 2b, 2c and 2d showed prominent anti-inflammatory activity at 100 mg/kg body weight dose (% of paw edema inhibition 81.75%, 79.09% and 86.69%, respectively) compared to the standard aceclofenac (87.83%). Among the synthesized benzimidazole derivatives, compounds 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a and 2d exhibited potent cytotoxicity with the IC50 values of 5.47-, 11.92-, 4.55-, 7.63- and 7.94 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, compounds 1c and 2d displayed mild to moderate zone of inhibition (8-12 mm). On the other hand, 1a and 1b showed very mild antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 12.25 × 103 μg/ml and 87.33 ×103 μg/ml. Among all the derivatives, 2c, 2d and 1c can be potential candidates for designing new analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agents in future.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(1): 95-102, 2021 (June)
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Mucuna pruriens Leaves
Authors: Ferdous Shifat E , Rahman Mamunur , Ahmed Firoj , Muhit Md Abdul 
Published: June 2021

Mucuna pruriens is a tropical legume native to Africa, India and Bangladesh and is widely cultivated in tropical countries. In this study, a crude methanolic extract of the leaves of M. pruriens was investigated for its chemical constituents and to explore the phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities using established protocols. From the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the crude methanol extract, three known compounds namely ferulic acid (1), 2-(5-methoxy-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-N-ethylethanamine (2) and stizolamine (3) were isolated and their structures were elucidated by the analysis of NMR spectral data. The crude extract was found to possess phenolic content of 216.16 μg/g whereas the concentration of flavonoid was found to 214.8 μg/g expressed in quercetin standard. Free radicals generated through DPPH were neutralized by crude methanolic extract and the IC50 value was obtained as 19.63 μg/ml. Regression analysis during brine shrimp lethality test enumerated LC50 value of crude methanolic extract at 10.72 μg/ml and was significant compared to the positive standard. The crude methanolic extract of leaf of M. pruriens did not show any significant antimicrobial activity against the organisms used in our test.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(1): 103-109, 2021 (June)
In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Pharmacological Potential of Lasia spinosa Linn.
Authors: Chowdhury Piyali , Mohammed Ibrahim - , Shahadat Sarrin , Kuddus Md Ruhul , Rashid Mohammad A 
Published: June 2021

Lasia spinosa Linn. (Family: Araceae) is an important medicinal plant, which is traditionally used for treatment of different human ailments. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro thrombolytic, antiinflammatory and in vivo analgesic and hypoglycemic potentials of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions of methanol extract of L. spinosa whole plant. Additionally, phytochemical screening was carried out by qualitative tests, which confirmed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, tannins, saponin in this plant. During in vitro thrombolytic assay, the aqueous fraction at a dose of 500 μg/100 μl showed the maximum 33.15% lysis of the blood clot, as compared to the standard streptokinase (80.10%). The in vitro anti-inflammatory test was performed by inhibition of egg albumin denaturation assay and RBC membrane stabilization method. The chloroform fraction exhibited maximum anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting 51.53% denaturation of albumin and by inhibiting 54.8% hemolysis of RBC membrane against hypotonic solution. Analgesic activity was evaluated by tail immersion method for central mechanism and by formalin-induced lick test for peripheral mechanism in mice. In tail immersion method, all the solvent fractions of L. spinosa at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited a significant (p<0.05) elongation in pain reaction time. In peripheral analgesic activity test, the chloroform fraction at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight inhibited a maximum of 35.44% licking response induced by formalin, as compared to the standard aspirin (53.22%). In the hypoglycemic activity test, all the fractions showed a moderate effect in reducing the blood glucose level in mice treated with 10% glucose. In conclusion, the plant L. spinosa can be considered as a promising source of bioactive compounds for the development of new phytomedicine.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(1): 111-119, 2021 (June)
Development and Characterization of a Combination Tablet Dosage Form Containing Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin Using Design of Experiments (DoE) Approach
Authors: Islam Md Anisul , Alam Md Mahbubul , Sikdar KM Yasif Kayes , Hossain ASM Monjur Al , Rouf Abu Shara Shamsur 
Published: June 2021

Worldwide more than 180 million people get infected by chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and around 700,000 people pass away every year due to HCV related problems. Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin are prescribed as combined medication for the management of HCV infection globally. Therefore, optimization of a pharmaceutical dosage form containing Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin can open a new hope in the treatment of HCV infection. This study was conducted by using the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. It is a systematic process aiming to determine the correlation between formulation factors affecting the approach and the output of the approach. During the development of formulations, two factors were considered, which are Croscarmellose Sodium (CCS) and Povidone K30 (PK30) at different concentrations ranging from 0.19% to 2.31% of the total tablet weight in 9 different formulations. Their effect on disintegration time (DT) was evaluated through statistical method and it was found between 3±0.003 and 6.5±0.015 minutes. The use of these two different disintegrants exhibited a significant effect on DT. The contour plot showed predicted ranges of concentrations of CCS and PK30 for desired DT. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) data, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) spectrums confirmed that there was no interaction between Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin or with any other excipients used in this experiment.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(1): 121-133, 2021 (June)
Pengaruh Media Audio Visual terhadap Kemampuan Menyimak Cerita Kelas V SD Negeri 68 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Sari Melza Ayuni , Hambali Daimun , Resnani Resnani 
Published: June 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of the use crossword puzzle media on the ability of vocabulary mastery of second grade students SDN 68 City of Bengkulu. This research is a quantitative research. The research method used is Quasi Experimental Design with The Matching Only Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population in this study is all students of class II SDN in Bengkulu City that accredited A and use curriculum KTS. Sampling technique with Cluster Random Sampling. The sample obtained is SDN 68 Kota Bengkulu with the number of samples consisting of class V A and V B . Data of this research are analyzed by using inferential analysis that is uji t. From the result of the research, the result of t with thitung is 2,43 and t tabel value with significant level 5% equal to 2,04. So with thitung (2,43)> ttabel (2,04). The calculated value obtained is greater than the value of ttabel so that H0 rejected and Ha accepted. The value of thitung obtained is greater than the ttabel value then it can be concluded that there is influence of media use of audio visual to the ability to listen the story on the student of class V in SDN 68 city of Bengkulu.
Pengaruh Model Guided Inquiry terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Matematika Siswa SD Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Fahmia Hafiza , Karjiyati Victoria , Dalifa Dalifa 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of guided inquiry model on student learning outcomes in Mathematics learning in grade V SD Gugus XII Kota Bengkulu. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research with the design of the study of the matching only pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study is all students of class V SD group XII consisting of 5 elementary schools. Based on the homogeneity test results, the sample in this study were the students of grade V SDN 99 as the experimental class and the students of class V SDN 81 as the control class. The research instrument used is a matter of objective test consisting of 20 items. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis, prerequisite test and inferential analysis that is t-test. Based on data analysis of research results, obtained the average value of posttest result of experimental class using guided inquiry model that is 78,120 and control class using conventional learning that is 62,789. T-test of both sample classes with significance level? = 0.05, obtained count = 4,730 whereas ttable = 2,000, tcount> ttable so that H0 is rejected and Ha accepted. The increase of study result percentage in experiment class is higher than control class that is 83.36% in experimental class and control class 33.98%. Thus it can be concluded there is a significant effect of student learning outcomes that follow the learning using guided inquiry model.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas V Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Utami Sakinah Gita , Yuliantini Nani , Hasnawati Hasnawati 
Published: June 2021

This research to determine the effect of the Talking Stick Cooperative Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes in Thematic Learning Class V of Bengkulu City Primary School. Types of research is quantitative. Research method is experimental. The design in this study is “The Matching Only Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design”. Population in this study is all students class V of elementary school Bengkulu City that applies the 2013 curriculum and accreditation A. The study sample was taken using the Random Sampling Cluster technique, so that the VA class SDN 71 Bengkulu city was obtained ad an experimental class and the VA Class SDN 103 Bengkulu city as control class. The research instrument used in the form of cognitive learning test result in the form of multiple choice provided through pretest and posttest in the experimental class and the control class. Data analysis technique in this research is quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics and infertial statistics. From the result of the study note the result of the t-test obtained tcound of Indonesian subjects at 4.37 and on natural science subjects at 4.81 with a ttable at a significant level of 5% of 2.00 where tcount is greater than ttable. From these data in appears that there are differences in learning outcomes achieved by student in the experimental and control classes. Thus it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on student learning outcomes in Thematic learning that uses the Talking Stick type of cooperative learning model.
Hubungan Keaktifan Ekstrakurikuler Pendidikan Keperamukaan Dengan Sikap Disiplin Siswa Kelas Tinggi SDN 36 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Marlina Rika , Lukman Lukman 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between the activeness of students following extracurricular scouting education with student discipline attitudes. This research is quantitative research. The research method used is the correlation with the type of product moment design. The population in this study were all high-class students who took extracurricular scouting education. Sampling using random sampling but the sample in this study the entire population because it is less than 100 then the entire population is sampled with a total of 57. The research instrument used was a questionnaire sheet. Prerequisite test data analysis using tests of normality, homogeneity and hypothesis. This technique is used to determine the significant relationship between independent and dependent variables by comparing r_calculations and r_tabels with a significant level of 5%. Based on the results of data analysis, the value of r_calculations= 0.66> r_tabels= 0.266, which means that there is a significant relationship between activeness in scouting extracurricular education and disciplinary attitude. Furthermore, the significance test results obtained t_calculations = 6.8 ? t_tabels= 1.67303 means that there is a significant relationship between variables for the entire population with a contribution of 43.56% between the activities of joining extracurricular scouting education with student discipline attitude. It was concluded that Ha was accepted where there was a relationship between the activities of joining the scouting extracurricular education with the discipline attitude of high class students at 36 Primary Schools in Bengkulu City.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Volume Bangun Ruang Melalui Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Menggunakan Media Manipulatif Siswa Kelas V SDN 44 Bengkulu Tengah
Authors: Sunyiati Sunyiati 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika menggunakan model Inkuiri Terbimbing siswa kelas V SDN 44 Bengkulu Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan sebanyak dua siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V SDN 44 Bengkulu Tengah. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi aktivitas guru, aktivitas siswa dan tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data mengunakan rata-rata hitung dan persentase ketuntasan belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) aktivitas guru pada siklus pertama diperoleh rata-rata 3,15 meningkat ke siklus kedua diproleh rata-rata 3,78, 2) aktivitas siswa pada siklus pertama diperoleh rata-rata 3,21 danmeningkat pada siklus kedua menjadi 3,71, 3)Hasil belajar pada siklus I diproleh rat-rata 61,87 dengan ketuntasan belajar 62,50%, meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 78,75 dengan ketuntasan belajar 81,25%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini penggunaan model Inkuiri Terbimbing menggunakan media manipulatif dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SDN 44 Bengkulu Tengah.
Solução exata da equação de Schrödinger para movimento de uma partícula em um campo magnético paramétrico
Authors: Pampolha Junior João Bosco Soares , Silva Charles da Rocha , Alves João Paulo da Silva , Germano Renato , Meira Filho Damião Pedro 
Published: June 2021

Resolvemos de modo exato a equação de Schrödinger para um sistema quadrático dependente do tempo para uma partícula que se movimenta sob a influência de um campo magnético com oscilação paramétrica. Aplicamos o método de desacoplamento, o qual adota uma transformação de coordenadas espaço-temporal de Ray-Reid (Nassar, 1990). A ideia fundamental do problema é obter uma equação tipo partícula livre de Schrödinger. Desse modo, foi possível determinar a função de onda e a densidade de probabilidade da partícula na forma de uma função de vibração paramétrica. Mostramos que as regiões de estabilidades e instabilidades são determinadas pelo espaço de fase definidos pelos parâmetros de controle da equação. Determinamos, como resultado inédito, os valores discretos que o campo magnético pode assumir em termos das funções de Mathieu.
Nordic research on special needs education in upper secondary vocational education and training: A review
Authors: Björk-Åman Camilla , Holmgren Robert , Pettersson Gerd , Ström Kristina 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyse the state of the art of research on special needs education (SNE) in the context of the Nordic countries’ vocational education and training (VET) systems during the period January 2010 to September 2018. Twenty studies remained after the search procedure and thematic analysis, 15 of which deal with the practice level and five with the organisation level. No studies were identified as belonging to the policy level. The following themes were found at the practice level: teachers’ work and role, teaching and learning, student transition and student dropout. Themes identified at the organisation level were changes to vocational policy documents and educational practices, and school organisation and its implementation. Finland dominates in terms of number of studies. Furthermore, the review shows that there were few studies in the area of SNE in VET. The results show that further studies are needed to acquire more knowledge about SNE in vocational education.
”Det är klart de vet vad uppgivenhet betyder”: Kommunikation och språk i vård- och omsorgsutbildning på komvux
Authors: Hultqvist Sara , Hollertz Katarina 
Published: June 2021

This article concerns the role of teachers as street level bureaucrats in Swedish vocational healthcare education for adult students. At the centre of the analysis are the challenges related to policy implementation when many of the students are second language speakers and language and communication play a role. Policy documents provide the analysis with a normative framework. Interviews with teachers give the analysis its standpoint. As a societal context, the field of elderly care suffers from labour shortages with difficulties recruiting trained staff. Policy stakeholders place high expectation on adult care education to both supply the labour market with trained staff, and to contribute to a smooth integration of migrants into society. As a matter of fact, half of the students in Swedish adult vocational healthcare education are migrants and the majority of those who complete the education get employment within elderly care. Thus, healthcare teachers are incremental to the implementation of policies. In their role as street level bureaucrats, they use different strategies to handle the press transferring sometimes contradictory policies into practice in the direct encounters with students.
The results stress the importance of communication and language in healthcare education – and in elderly care practice.
Yrkesfaglærerens paradoks: Utdanne til fagarbeid eller videre studier?
Authors: Johansen Else Marie 
Published: June 2021

This article refers to the vocational teachers’ reflections from experiences with students on the upper-secondary level health-care worker studies in Norway, who have a different purpose and basis for their education than to train as health-care workers.
The study is based on six group interviews with 15 vocational teachers at health-care worker studies and draws attention to the experiences and assessments that the teacher makes in educating health-care students. Knowledge of motivation, self-efficacy, and community of practice form the theoretical foundation for the study.
The results show that it is a complex group of students the teachers present in their reflections. Among other things, the teachers describe students who to a large extent do not know what they want with the education, as well as students who during the school year encounter practice and become insecure about their educational choices. The teachers therefore tend to facilitate a somewhat more general presentation of the subject, in order to embrace all the students’ different bases and goals of the education. At the same time, teachers clearly stated that they set clear academic requirements for the students and requirements for active participation, but if the academic focus is general and not specifically aimed for the health-care worker, it may strengthen the understanding that the profession is less important.
Türkiye’deki Kamu Hastanelerinde İdari Pozisyonda Görev Yapan Hekimlerin Profillerine Yönelik Bir Çalışma
Authors: KAYA Ramazan Rüçhan , ALKAN Ahmet 
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Hekimler sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda uygulayıcı konumunda oldukları için onlar olmadan sağlık hizmetlerini düşünmek imkânsızdır. Türkiye’de hekim adayları (hazırlık hariç) altı yıllık bir eğitimle yetiştirilmektedir. Hem devlet hem de hekim adayı bu süreçte maddi manevi bir yükün altına girmektedir. Hekimlerin sağlık alanında ekip lideri konumunda olmaları onların sağlık kurumlarındaki idari görevlerde de istihdam edilmelerini beraberinde getirmektedir. Ancak idari görevler hekimlerin, hekimlik ve yöneticilik arasında kalmasına ve körelmesine sebep olabilecektir. Bu çalışmayla Türkiye’de idari pozisyonlarda görev yapan hekimlerin profillerinin tespit edilmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma ikincil verilerden yararlanılan nicel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmanın evreni Türkiye’deki kamu hastanelerinden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem seçilmeden, evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programına aktarılarak frekans dağılımlarına bakılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında 1638 hekim yöneticinin profilleri incelenmiştir. Bu kişilerden 577’si başhekim geriye kalanlar ise başhekim yardımcılarından oluşmaktadır. Başhekim ve başhekim yardımcılarının yaklaşık olarak beşte biri (%18.1) kadınlardan oluşmaktadır. Başhekimlerden %11.1’i kadınlardan oluşurken %88.9’u erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada hekim yöneticilerin büyük çoğunluğunun (%63.2) uzman hekimler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sonuç: Hekim açığı fazla olan Türkiye’de bir de başhekim ve başhekim yardımcılığı gibi idari pozisyonlara uzman hekimlerin getirilmesinin bu açığı daha da yükselteceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmayla Maddi/manevi oldukça yüksek maliyetlerle yetişen uzman hekimlerin mesleklerine yabancılaşacakları idari pozisyonlara getirilmesi yerine, en tepede denetleyicilerin yine hekim olması kaydıyla, başhekim yardımcısı gibi daha alt pozisyonlara alana yatkın meslek gruplarından (sağlık yönetimi, işletme, hemşirelik vb. mezunu) kişilerin getirilmesi önerilmektedir.