bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertrauensrelevantes Wissen und Diskurssemantik: eine diskurslinguistische Annäherung an das KonzeptVertrauen
Authors: Belosevic Milena 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the concept of trust at the discourse level. Based on an epistemological discourse approach (Busse 1987), trust is defined as trust-relevant knowledge, which is usually implicit. The paper focuses on the methodology of the analysis of trust at discourse level in the mass media reporting on refugees by identifying implicit indicators of trust constructions (trust dimensions) and their discourse linguistic operationalization through argumentation patterns. The manual annotation of trust dimensions and a combination of hermeneutic and automatic analysis usingMaxqdaplay a central role for the operationalization of the concepttrustfor discourse linguistic analysis. The implementation of the method is demonstrated by analyzing the media construction of the loss and the rebuilding of trust towards refugees (the discursive trust dynamics) in the context of the New Year's Eve sexual assaults in Germany in December 2015/January 2016. In contrast to sociological studies, the present analysis does not show an increased mass media construction of distrust in the face of this discursive event and therefore demonstrates that discourse linguistic trust research contributes to the interdisciplinary research on trust and provides valid findings about the collective knowledge about refugees.
Wie adaptiv ist Sprachförderung für Kinder mit Deutsch als Zweitsprache?
Authors: Geyer Sabrina , Müller Anja 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the definition, operationalization and empirical investigation ofadaptivityin the context of language training. We discuss a study that aimed at answering the question whether kindergarten teachers adapt their language to the specific needs of children with German as a second language in language training situations. Specifically, we investigated whether teachers use subordinate clauses and specific language training techniques to present or elicit subordinate clauses more frequently when working with children who had not yet acquired subordinate clauses than teachers supporting children who already had. Fifteen teachers were videotaped during language support sessions. Ten children who were supported during these sessions had not yet acquired subordinate clauses (n = 18), the other five teachers supported children with no additional needs in this area (n = 7). The teachers’ language was analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of the frequency of use of different subordinate clauses (e. g. position of the verb, subordinating conjunctions, different types of clauses) and the use of language support techniques (e. g. corrective feedback, expansions, questions) that aimed at presenting or eliciting subordinate clauses. A comparison of the two groups showed no differences in the teachers’ language depending on whether they supported children with or without additional needs regarding subordinate clauses. Therefore, the teachers’ language cannot be considered to be adaptive.
Zwischen Schule und Studium – Wissenskommunikation in studentischen Kleingruppen angehender Lehrer*innen
Authors: Sacher Julia , Stövesand Björn , Weiser-Zurmühlen Kristin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBridging the gap between theory and practice is an important topic in German teacher education: How can trainee teachers be prepared for the requirements of their future job? One concept that has been discussed in depth is research-based learning: it promises to foster critical thinking and reflexion skills. In our paper, we discuss data from three settings of research-based learning in which students work in small groups of 2–4 persons on empirical data and/or discuss scientific publications. Using a conversation analytic approach, we ask how exactly students bridge the aforementioned gap – how they use biographical and/or professional knowledge from the epistemic domainschool, and in what way these referrals are functional for the ongoing interaction in the small groups. We describe three practices and discuss them in terms of identity construction, knowledge communication and ‘doing togetherness’.
Models of Regional Economic Development: Illustrations Using U.S. Data
Authors: Buchholz Maximilian , Bathelt Harald 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConsidering stagnating regional prosperity levels and growing inter-regional disparities in many economies, this paper appeals for a renewed research agenda to deepen our understanding of regional economic development. This is done by discussing different conceptual perspectives, their empirical applications and open questions and suggestions for future research. Conventional approaches view development as an outcome of and dependent upon local economic structure. That is, high regional performance is associated with specific regional industrial and human capital mixes. We argue that to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms that drive regional economic development it is helpful to apply a relational approach that pays attention to the networks between economic actors across different spatial scales, from local to global. These generate knowledge as well as access to technologies, resources and markets, thereby catalyzing income growth. To support regional policy agendas, it is further necessary to go beyond identifying regularities that structure development and engage with differing regional pathways by conducting systematic comparative analyses of local contextual and institutional conditions.
Four individuals' experiences during and following a psilocybin truffle retreat in the Netherlands
Authors: Lutkajtis Anna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article reports on the experiences of four healthy individuals who attended a legal psilocybin truffle retreat in the Netherlands. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach, using semi-structured interviews to gain an understanding of participants' psilocybin experiences and their after-effects. The experiential themes that emerged from these case studies closely match themes that have been identified in previous studies of psilocybin, including variability of the experience, the presence of mystical-type features, significant changes to subjective sense of self, and a generalized sense of connectedness. Participants framed their narrative accounts around moments of key insight, and these insights were related to a sense of connection: to self, others, and to a broader relational ontology. Embodiment, currently an understudied topic in psychedelic research, also emerged as a theme. The case studies presented here provide preliminary evidence to suggest that for healthy individuals in a well-controlled and supportive retreat setting, a high dose of psilocybin can lead to enduring positive after-effects that last up to twelve months.
Epicardial adipose tissue thickness as a possible predictor of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with abdominal obesity
Authors: Druzhilov M. A. , Kuznetsova T. Yu. 
Published: April 2021

Aim. To assess epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness using echocardiography as one of the possible predictors of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with abdominal obesity in prospective follow-up.Material and methods. The study included 224 men (mean age, 49,1±2,4 years), without hypertension, carotid atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and symptoms of cardiovascular diseases, with abdominal obesity and SCORE risk <5%. The levels of albuminuria, lipid and glucose profiles, C-reactive protein, uric acid, blood creatinine, EAT thickness, ultrasound parameters of abdominal obesity and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) were assessed. At the follow-up end (mean duration, 48,2±4,8 months), repeated triplex ultrasound of the brachiocephalic arteries was performed.Results. Patients with developed carotid atherosclerosis (n=70) had higher baseline values of blood pressure, fasting glycemia, C-reactive protein, as well as a higher incidence of prediabetes, hyperuricemia, and high-grade albuminuria. They were also distinguished by high values of EAT thickness (6,1±0,6 mm vs 5,0±1,0 mm, p <0,001), abdominal visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (3,1±0,5 vs 2,7±0,6, p <0,05) and carotid extra-media thickness (0,64±0,08 mm vs 0,50±0,11 mm, p <0,01). According to multivariate logistic regression, EAT thickness was characterized by the maximum standardized regression coefficient (0,443, p <0,001), and the total percentage of correct mathematical model classifications was 88,2%. According to the ROC-analysis, the area under the curve was 0,86. With a cut-off value of EAT thickness of 5,9 mm, the sensitivity and specificity of the predictive model were 71,5% and 92,3%, respectively.Conclusion. EAT thickness assessed by echocardiography, as a marker of the severity of visceral EAT, can serve as a predictor of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in persons with abdominal obesity and initially low cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE calculator. Patients with verified epicardial visceral obesity require more active preventive measures.
Associations of adipocytokine expression and cardiovascular risk factors in stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Belik E. V. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Dyleva Yu. A. , Borodkina D. A. , Sinitsky M. Yu. , Bychkova E. E. , Palicheva E. I. 
Published: April 2021

Aim. To determine the expression of adiponectin, leptin and I interleukin-6 (IL-6) in subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue, depending on the presence of cardiovascular risk factors.Material and methods. The study included 90 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Samples of adipose tissue were obtained during surgery. The levels of matrix ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of the studied adipocytokines were determined in the presence/absence of the main cardiovascular risk factors.Results. Differences in the expression of genes of the studied adipocytokines in different sex and age groups of patients were revealed, depending on the tissue belonging of adipocytes. Expression of adiponectin in the epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue (EАT and PVAT, respectively), as well as of leptin in the PVAT was less pronounced in men. However, the level of IL-6 mRNA in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of men was three times higher than in women, and in the PVAT it was lower. The maximum expression of leptin and IL-6 in the EAT and PVAT was found in persons aged 50-59 years. The presence of dyslipidemia is associated with a decrease in the expression of adiponectin in the EAT, PVAT, and IL-6 in the PVAT. In patients with hypertension (HTN), there was a low level of adiponectin mRNA in the EAT against the background of high leptin levels in the EAT and IL-6 in SAT and EAT. In hypertension with a duration of more than 20 years, there was a decrease in adiponectin expression and an increase in leptin in all types of AT. In smokers, an increase in the expression of adiponectin in the SAT, EAT, PVAT and leptin in the SAT, EAT was found.Conclusion. Associations of traditional cardiovascular risk factors with imbalance of adipocytokines of local fat depots in patients with CAD were revealed. The detected imbalance is manifested by a decrease in the expression of cardioprotective adiponectin in the EAT, PVAT, an increase in leptin and IL-6, which is an unfavorable sign. The presence of such risk factors as male sex, age of 50-59 years, dyslipidemia and hypertension in patients can enhance atherogenesis and contribute to the further progression of CAD.
Risk factors and diagnostic significance of the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a marker in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Koziolova N. A. , Veklich A. S. 
Published: April 2021

Aim. To assess the risk factors and diagnostic significance of the N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Material and methods. A total of 125 patients with ADHF and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were examined. They were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence/ absence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The first group consisted of 43 (34,4%) patients with DKD, the second — 82 (65,6%) without CKD. The inclusion criterion was the presence of ADHF and T2D. There were following exclusion criteria: cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema, acute thromboembolic events, type 1 diabetes, prediabetes, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, prior transient ischemic attack (<1 month old), dissecting aneurysm or aortic dissection, acute valvular disorders, major surgery (<1 month old), cardiac trauma, infective endocarditis, acute hepatitis and cirrhosis, terminal CKD, alcohol abuse, non-cardiac edema, cancer, dementia and mental disorders.Results. With the development of a hypertensive crisis and an increase in diastolic blood pressure >100 mm Hg, the odds ratio (OR) and the relative risk (RR) of ADHF in patients with DKD increases by 5,1 and 4,5 times, 2,5 and 1,8 times, respectively. In the presence of grade III-V premature ventricular contractions, OR and RR of ADHF in patients with DKD were 2,6 and 1,9, respectively. OR and RR of ADHD in patients with DKD and prior stroke or transient ischemic attack were 3,8 and 3,2, respectively. Verification of anemia at a hemoglobin level of 5 mmol/l, the OR of ADHF in patients with DKD increases by 3,7 times, the OR — by 2,3 times. The NT-proBNP >1289 pg/ml is diagnostic for verifying ADHF in DKD patients with the sensitivity of 64,3% and specificity of 93,3%.Conclusion. Every third patient with ADHF and T2D is diagnosed with DKD. A certain range of risk factors for the development of ADHF in patients with DKD has been identified. As the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, the NT-proBNP level increases. With a decrease in GFR of 60 ml/min/1,73 m2 in patients with T2D, the diagnostic value of NT-proBNP >1289 pg/ml should be considered to verify ADF.
Biomarkers of inflammation, parameters characterizing obesity and cardiac remodeling in patients with atrial fibrillation and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ionin V. A. , Baraschkova E. I. , Zaslavskaya E. L. , Nifontov S. E. , Bazhenova E. A. , Belyaeva O. D. , Baranova E. I. 
Published: April 2021

Aim. To determine the blood level of inflammatory markers, parameters characterizing obesity and cardiac remodeling in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in combination with metabolic syndrome (MS).Material and methods. This single-stage case-control study included 677 subjects aged 35 to 65 years: patients with MS (n=407), of which 128 patients with AF; comparison group — patients with AF without MS (n=75); control group — practically healthy subjects without cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders (n=195).Results. It was found that the blood concentration of circulating pro-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with AF and MS is higher than in patients with AF without MS: C-reactive protein (CRP) (4,43 (2,68-4,98) and 2,33 (1,08-4,7) mg/L, p<0,0001), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (2,5 (1,28-5,13) and 1,27 (0,68-2,7) pg/ml, p<0,0001) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (5,18 (2,63-7,32) and 3,42 (2,115,48) pg/ml, p<0,0001). The serum CRP concentration positively correlates with left (ρ=0,451, p<0,0001) and right atrial (ρ=0,412, p<0,000) volumes, as well as with the waist circumference (ρ=0,503, p<0,001) and epicardial fat thickness (ρ=0,550, p<0,001). Plasma IL-6 and serum TNF-α levels correlated to a lesser extent with parameters characterizing atrial remodeling, but had a strong positive relationship with epicardial fat thickness. According to multivariate analysis, it was found that an increase in the epicardial fat thickness had a greater effect on an increase in blood concentration of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α, in contrast to other parameters characterizing obesity, such as body mass index and waist circumference.Conclusion. An increase in the blood concentration of proinflammatory biomarkers CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α is associated with cardiac remodeling and epicardial fat thickness in patients with MS and probably has a pathogenetic role in increasing the AF risk in this cohort of patients.
Novel diagnostic criteria for atrial cardiomyopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Polyanskaya E. A. , Veklich A. S. , Koziolova N. A. 
Published: April 2021

Aim. To determine additional diagnostic criteria for atrial cardiomyopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and paroxysmal/persistent atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods. This cross-sectional screening clinical study included 80 patients with AF and T2D, who were divided into 2 groups depending on the left (LAVI) or right atrial volume index (RAVI) according to echocardiography: the first group included 49 patients with increased LAVI, while the second — 31 patients without changes in LAVI and RAVI. Inclusion criteria were presence of paroxysmal or persistent AF, T2D, age up to 65 years. There were following exclusion criteria: current smoking and less than 1 year old, the presence of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, heart failure, implanted artificial pacemaker, prior radiofrequency ablation; valvular heart disease and prosthetics; acute myocarditis, infective endocarditis, hypertrophic, dilated, and restrictive cardiomyopathies, storage diseases, severe liver diseases; thyroid disorders; cancer; acute inflammatory and infectious diseases; alcohol abuse, dementia and mental illness.Results. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of sex, age, cardiovascular risk factors, risk of stroke and bleeding when using anticoagulants, clinical and laboratory parameters, and the structure of drug therapy. The following parameters significant differ between the groups: LAVI (according to study design), mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated by creatinine, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1). For MR-proANP, GFR, TIMP-1, ROC curves were created in order to determine its clinical significance and operational characteristics of parameters. GFR, as a diagnostic criterion, showed unsatisfactory clinical significance when constructing the ROC curve: AUC (area under the curve) was 0,38. The MR-proANP of 62,3-85 pmol/L and TIMP-1 of 156 ng/ml and higher allows verification of atrial cardiomyopathy in patients with T2D and AF at AUC of 0,83 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0,73; 0,92) and 0,90 (95% CI, 0,83; 0,98), respectively.Conclusion. The blood MR-proANP concentration of 62,3-85 pmol/L is diagnostic for atrial cardiomyopathy in patients with T2D and AF with the sensitivity and specificity of 96,8% and 75,5%, respectively, while TIMP-1 values of 156 ng/ml and above had the sensitivity and specificity of 90,3% and 87,8%, respectively.
Historical Testimonies of the Presence of Armenian Monks in Holy Mount Athos in 9<sup>th</sup>–18<sup>th</sup> Centuries
Authors: Kazaryan G. S. 
Published: April 2021

Holy Mount Athos — one of the biggest centers of Orthodox monasticism, from the first days of its formation appeared to be the place of asceticism for Armenian monks as well. Thus, one of the first ascetics of Athos was St. Joseph Myroblyte (9th cent.) — Armenian by nationality. Further influx of Armenian monks to the Holy Mount is observed in the 10th and 11th centuries. The last testimony of activity of Armenian Hagiorites refers the second half of 18th cent. This article for the first time attempts to bring together and analyze historical evidences, in order to give a more general and a more comprehensive picture of Armenian monks’ presence in Athos from 9th to 18th centuries.
Responding to Media Inquiries about Earthquake Triggering Interactions
Authors: Fan Fang , Ye Lingling , Kanamori Hiroo , Lay Thorne 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the aftermath of a significant earthquake, seismologists are frequently asked questions by the media and public regarding possible interactions with recent prior events, including events at great distances away, along with prospects of larger events yet to come, both locally and remotely. For regions with substantial earthquake catalogs that provide information on the regional Gutenberg–Richter magnitude–frequency relationship, Omori temporal aftershock statistical behavior, and aftershock productivity parameters, probabilistic responses can be provided for likelihood of nearby future events of larger magnitude, as well as expected behavior of the overall aftershock sequence. However, such procedures generally involve uncertain extrapolations of parameterized equations to infrequent large events and do not provide answers to inquiries about long-range interactions, either retrospectively for interaction with prior remote large events or prospectively for interaction with future remote large events. Dynamic triggering that may be involved in such long-range interactions occurs, often with significant temporal delay, but is not well understood, making it difficult to respond to related inquiries. One approach to addressing such inquiries is to provide retrospective or prospective occurrence histories for large earthquakes based on global catalogs; while not providing quantitative understanding of any physical interaction, experience-based guidance on the (typically very low) chances of causal interactions can inform public understanding of likelihood of specific scenarios they are commonly very interested in.
Reliability and Validity of a Further Tested Appreciative Management Scale
Authors: Harmoinen Merja , Niiranen Vuokko , Munnukka Juha , Suominen Tarja 
Published: April 2021

Background and PurposeManagers need evidence-based methods to evaluate their management skills. To further test the appreciative management scale (AMS 1.0) to create a practical instrument to be used in evaluating appreciative management.MethodsFor further testing, a new survey was conducted among social and healthcare managers (n = 734) in Finland. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the scale validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficients the internal consistency.ResultsThe validated AMS 2.0 scale includes 24 items. The values measuring validity and reliability were good, with an Rool Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) of 0.072, Average Variance Extracted (AVE) values between 0.532 and 0.634, and Composite Reliability (CR) values ranging between 0.850 and 0.914. The Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale was 0.944.ConclusionsAMS 2.0 is a reliable and valid means to measure appreciative management as proved by confirmatory factor analysis.
“Would You Rather Jump Out of a Perfectly Good Airplane or Develop Cardiovascular Disease?” Validity and Reliability of the Cardiovascular Risk Perception Survey Among Military Personnel
Authors: Prue-Owens Kathy , Graham Helen , Ramesh Mythreyi 
Published: April 2021

Background and PurposeCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in the United States. The military are viewed as fit, ready to fight and that jumping out of perfectly good airplane or going to war is a greater risk than CVD. The purpose of this study was to determine reliability and validity of the Cardiovascular Risk Perception Survey (CRPS).MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive design was performed, supported by the Health Belief Model. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and validity (principal component analysis) were examined.ResultsFifty-five participants were included in this study. Construct validity of the CRPS was supported by principal component analysis; indicating one scale that measured cardiovascular risk perception. The Cronbach's alpha is reported .865.ConclusionInitial psychometric testing of the CRPS provides evidence for construct validity and internal consistency reliability.