bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotyping heart failure using model‐based analysis and physiology‐informed machine learning
Authors: Jones Edith , Randall E. Benjamin , Hummel Scott L. , Cameron David M. , Beard Daniel A. , Carlson Brian E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo phenotype mechanistic differences between heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction, a closed‐loop model of the cardiovascular system coupled with patient‐specific transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and right heart catheterization (RHC) data was used to identify key parameters representing haemodynamics. Thirty‐one patient records (10 HFrEF, 21 HFpEF) were obtained from the Cardiovascular Health Improvement Project database at the University of Michigan. Model simulations were tuned to match RHC and TTE pressure, volume, and cardiac output measurements in each patient. The underlying physiological model parameters were plotted against model‐based norms and compared between HFrEF and HFpEF. Our results confirm the main mechanistic parameter driving HFrEF is reduced left ventricular (LV) contractility, whereas HFpEF exhibits a heterogeneous phenotype. Conducting principal component analysis, ‐means clustering, and hierarchical clustering on the optimized parameters reveal (i) a group of HFrEF‐like HFpEF patients (HFpEF1), (ii) a classic HFpEF group (HFpEF2), and (iii) a group of HFpEF patients that do not consistently cluster (NCC). These subgroups cannot be distinguished from the clinical data alone. Increased LV active contractility () and LV passive stiffness () at rest are observed when comparing HFpEF2 to HFpEF1. Analysing the clinical data of each subgroup reveals that elevated systolic and diastolic LV volumes seen in both HFrEF and HFpEF1 may be used as a biomarker to identify HFrEF‐like HFpEF patients. These results suggest that modelling of the cardiovascular system and optimizing to standard clinical data can designate subgroups of HFpEF as separate phenotypes, possibly elucidating patient‐specific treatment strategies.Key points
Analysis of data from right heart catheterization (RHC) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) of heart failure (HF) patients using a closed‐loop model of the cardiovascular system identifies key parameters representing haemodynamic cardiovascular function in patients with heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF and HFpEF).
Analysing optimized parameters representing cardiovascular function using machine learning shows mechanistic differences between HFpEF groups that are not seen analysing clinical data alone.
HFpEF groups presented here can be subdivided into three subgroups: HFpEF1 described as ‘HFrEF‐like HFpEF’, HFpEF2 as ‘classic HFpEF’, and a third group of HFpEF patients that do not consistently cluster.
Focusing purely on cardiac function consistently captures the underlying dysfunction in HFrEF, whereas HFpEF is better characterized by dysfunction in the entire cardiovascular system.
Our methodology reveals that elevated left ventricular systolic and diastolic volumes are potential biomarkers for identifying HFrEF‐like HFpEF patients.
Mathematical model for acquiring immunity to malaria: a PDE approach
Authors: Tchoumi S Y , Kouakep Y T , Fotsa D J M , Kamba F G T , Kamgang J C , Houpa D D E 
Published: September 2021

We develop a new model of integro-differential equations coupled with a partial differential equation that focuses on the study of the? naturally acquiring immunity to malaria induced by exposure to infection. We analyze a continuous acquisition of immunity after infected individuals are treated. It exhibits complex and realistic mechanisms precised mathematically in both disease free or endemic context and in several numerical simulations showing the interplay between infection through the bite of mosquitoes. The model confirms the (partial) premunition of the human population in the regions where malaria is endemic. As common in literature, we indicate an equivalence of the basic reproduction rate as the spectral radius of a next generation operator.
Flow Pattern Analysis and Heat Transfer Characteristics During Subcooled Flow Boiling in a Rectangular Microchannel on ZnO Microrod Surface
Authors: Lin Yuhao , Li Junye , Sun Jia , Li Wei , Cao Yanlong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The combination of microstructured surface and microchannel flow boiling is expected to solve the thermal management problems of high-heat-flux devices. In this study, the experimental investigation of subcooled flow boiling in a high aspect ratio, one-sided heating rectangular microchannel was conducted with de-ionized water as the working fluid. ZnO microrods were synthesized on the titanium surface to be used as the heated surface compared with the bare titanium surface. A facile image tool is utilized to process the flow patterns photographed by a high-speed camera, which is analyzed with the heat transfer characteristics. The flow pattern of isolated bubbly flow reveals the large number of nucleation sites formed on the microrod surface but the heat transfer performance deteriorates with increasing mass flux because of the smaller bubble area and weaker nucleation. With increasing heat flux, the flow pattern changes from isolated bubbly flow to alternating bubbly/slug flow and alternating slug/annular flow. The latter flow pattern is confirmed to bring a higher heat transfer coefficient due to the larger area of thin-film evaporation. Compared with the bare surface, a higher heat transfer coefficient is achieved on the ZnO microrod surface for up to 37% due to the more nucleate sites and strengthened convective evaporation. Therefore, this surface might be suitable for heat dissipation in the watercraft or aerospace industry considering the low density, strong intensity, and corrosion resistance of titanium.
Delayed presentation of a baby with an oesophageal atresia on day 14 of life
Authors: De Vos Corne , Kohler Charlie , Fourie Natash , Goussard Pierre 
Published: September 2021

Delayed presentation of oesophageal atresia (OA) with a tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) is rare. Only a few case reports and two larger case series have been published. We present a neonate who was referred to our unit on day 14 of life with a missed OA and a TOF, having survived without any feeds or total parenteral nutrition up until referral.We concluded that although such a delayed presentation is rare and avoidable, it does occur. This case highlights the necessity of good feedback to the referral hospitals with education on how to prevent this from recurring again. It also emphasises the necessity of a comprehensive clinical examination of all newborn babies. A high index of suspicion for OA with or without a TOF is essential in all babies with clinical drooling, feeding problems (from the first feed) and/or respiratory symptoms especially if combined with antenatal polyhydramnios.
How heavy can dark matter be? Constraining colourful unitarity with SARAH
Authors: Goodsell Mark D. , Moutafis Rhea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe describe the automation of the calculation of perturbative unitarity constraints including scalars that have colour charges, and its release in . We apply this, along with vacuum stability constraints, to a simple dark matter model with colourful mediators and interesting decays, and show how it leads to a bound on a thermal relic dark matter mass well below the classic Griest-Kamionkowski limit.
Newly observed X(4630): a new charmoniumlike molecule
Authors: Yang Xin-Dian , Wang Fu-Lai , Liu Zhan-Wei , Liu Xiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVery recently, the LHCb Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN observed new resonance X(4630). The X(4630) is decoded as a charmoniumlike molecule with hidden-strange quantum number well in the one-boson-exchange mechanism. Especially, the study of its hidden-charmed decays explicitly shows the dominant role of $$J/\psi \phi $$

J
/
ψ
ϕ

among all allowed hidden-charmed decays of the X(4630), which enforces the conclusion of X(4630) as a charmoniumlike molecule. The discovery of the X(4630) is a crucial step of constructing charmoniumlike molecule zoo.
On the difference between FOPT and CIPT for hadronic tau decays
Authors: Hoang André H. , Regner Christoph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article we review the results of our recent work on the difference between the Borel representations of $$\tau $$
τ
hadronic spectral function moments obtained with the CIPT and FOPT methods. For the presentation of the theoretical results we focus on the large-$$\beta _0$$

β
0

approximation, where all expressions can be written down in closed form, and we comment on the generalization to full QCD. The results may explain the discrepancy in the behavior of the FOPT and CIPT series that has been the topic of intense discussions in previous literature and which represents a major part of the theoretical uncertainties in current strong coupling determinations from hadronic $$\tau $$
τ
decays. The findings also imply that the OPE corrections for FOPT and CIPT differ and that the OPE corrections for CIPT do not have standard form.
Current and Capital Account Dynamics in India: An Empirical Analysis of the Post-Reform Period
Authors: Khan Tanveer Ahmad 
Published: September 2021

This article analyses the dynamics between current account (CA) and capital account in post-liberalisation India. Contemporaneous occurrence of CA deficit along with capital account surplus suggests the possible causal relationship between the two accounts. The theoretical debate around capital account liberalisation (KAL) is developed with the intention to lend support to empirical results for policy formulation. The analysis of arguments for and against KAL liberates us in interpreting the empirical results. Within the framework of KAL, this article proceeds to estimate the relationship between current and capital account. A set of econometric tests are performed on an Indian quarterly data over the period from 1996 to 2018. Econometric analysis reveals that capital account affects CA negatively. Short-run capital and debt flow also affect CA negatively, while foreign direct investment (FDI) affects it positively. We find debt flow to be an important factor, contributing to CA imbalance. Such dynamics is critical for any decision about KAL. From the analysis, it is observed that India needs to encourage FDI, while maintaining strict control over short-term capital, which is highly disruptive, and proceed cautiously towards full KAL. JEL Codes: C32, F21, F32
Expressivity of Interleukin-8 and Gastric Cancer Prognosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhenzhen , Hou Yuhan , Yao Zhen , Zhan Yanyan , Chen Wenyue , Liu Yulong 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe relationship between interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression and the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients has been reported, but the results are contradictory.AimTo investigate the effect of IL-8 expression on the prognosis of patients with GC.MethodA comprehensive search strategy was used to search the PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. The total survival time was analysed using the RevMan 5.4 software. Through extensive search and meta-analysis of relevant studies, studies examining the relationship between IL-8 expression and prognosis in patients with GC were conducted to obtain more accurate estimates.FindingsEight studies (1843 patients) were included. The combined results of all the studies showed that high expression of IL-8 was a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with GC (hazard ratio (HR): 2.08; 95% CI: 1.81–2.39). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the pooled HR was stable, and omitting a single study did not change the significance of the pooled HR. Funnel plots revealed no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis.ConclusionHigh IL-8 expression could be a negative prognostic biomarker for patients with GC.
Genetic variants associated with inflammatory bowel disease and gut graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Martin Paul J. , Storer Barry E. , Levine David M. , Hansen John A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Previous studies have identified genetic variants associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We tested the hypothesis that some of these variants are also associated with the risk of moderate to severe gut graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Associations were evaluated initially in a discovery cohort of 1980 HCT recipients of European ancestry with HLA-matched related or unrelated donors. Associations discovered in this cohort were tested for replication in a separate cohort of 1294 HCT recipients. Among the 296 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 26 HLA alleles tested, we found that the recipient rs1260326 homozygous T allele in GCKR was associated with a higher risk of stage 2 to 4 gut GVHD. No other candidate variants were associated with stage 2 to 4 gut GVHD. The rs1260326 variant resides in an IBD-associated locus containing FNDC4, a gene that encodes a secreted anti-inflammatory factor that dampens macrophage activity and improves colitis in mice. Our results suggest that targeting inflammatory macrophages with recombinant FNDC4 offers an attractive avenue of clinical investigation for management of IBD and gut GVHD.
Initial therapy for chronic graft-versus-host disease: analysis of practice variation and failure-free survival
Authors: Pidala Joseph , Onstad Lynn , Martin Paul J. , Hamilton Betty K. , Cutler Corey , Kitko Carrie L. , Carpenter Paul A. , Chen George L. , Arora Mukta , Flowers Mary E. D. , Arai Sally , Alousi Amin , White Jennifer , Jacobsohn David , Pusic Iskra , Lee Stephanie J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Prior clinical trials largely considered prednisone 1 mg/kg per day with or without calcineurin inhibitor as standard initial therapy for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), but uncertainty remains regarding the extent of practice variation and whether this affects subsequent outcomes. We assembled a cohort of 745 patients with cGVHD treated with initial systemic immune suppressive (IS) therapy from 3 prior cGVHD Consortium observational studies. Initial therapy was defined as first IS therapy started for cGVHD or prednisone increased to ≥0.4 mg/kg per day from lower doses within 30 days before cGVHD diagnosis to any time afterward. Initial therapies were nonprednisone IS therapies (n = 137, 18%), prednisone alone (n = 411, 55%), or prednisone plus other IS therapy (n = 197, 26%). In multivariate analysis, initial therapy group was not associated with failure-free survival (FFS; a composite of death, relapse, and new IS therapy), overall survival (OS), or nonrelapse mortality (NRM). Among the prednisone-based approaches, steroid dose was &lt;0.25 (9%), 0.25 to 0.74 (36%), 0.75 to 1.25 (42%), or &gt;1.25 mg/kg per day (13%). Prednisone dose within the patients treated with steroids was not significantly associated with FFS, OS, or NRM. No significant interactions were detected between overall cGVHD severity and either initial therapy group or prednisone dose for the outcomes of FFS, OS, or NRM. These observational data document heterogeneity in more contemporary cGVHD initial treatment practices, including prednisone dose and use of nonsteroid approaches. This variation was not associated with FFS, OS, or NRM. Prospective trials are needed to verify efficacy of reduced-dose prednisone or prednisone-free initial therapy approaches.
The Mesorhizobium huakuii transcriptional regulator AbiEi plays a critical role in nodulation and is important for bacterial stress response
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Hu Aiqi , Zou Qian , Luo Sha , Wu Hetao , Yan Chunlan , Liu Tao , He Donglan , Li Xiaohua , Cheng Guojun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Bacterial abortive infection (Abi) systems are type IV toxin–antitoxin (TA) system, which could elicit programmed cell death and constitute a native survival strategy of pathogenic bacteria under various stress conditions. However, no rhizobial AbiE family TA system has been reported so far. Here, a M. huakuii AbiE TA system was identified and characterized.

Results
A mutation in M. huakuii abiEi gene, encoding an adjacent GntR-type transcriptional regulator, was generated by homologous recombination. The abiEi mutant strain grew less well in rich TY medium, and displayed increased antioxidative capacity and enhanced gentamicin resistance, indicating the abiEi operon was negatively regulated by the antitoxin AbiEi in response to the oxidative stress and a particular antibiotic. The mRNA expression of abiEi gene was significantly up-regulated during Astragalus sinicus nodule development. The abiEi mutant was severely impaired in its competitive ability in rhizosphere colonization, and was defective in nodulation with 97% reduction in nitrogen-fixing capacity. The mutant infected nodule cells contained vacuolation and a small number of abnormal bacteroids with senescence character. RNA-seq experiment revealed it had 5 up-regulated and 111 down-regulated genes relative to wild type. Of these down-regulated genes, 21 are related to symbiosis nitrogen fixation and nitrogen mechanism, 16 are involved in the electron transport chain and antioxidant responses, and 12 belong to type VI secretion system (T6SS).

Conclusions
M. huakuii AbiEi behaves as a key transcriptional regulator mediating root nodule symbiosis.
The GRAS gene family and its roles in seed development in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn)
Authors: Chen Jingwen , Yan Qian , Li Jiawei , Feng Lei , Zhang Yi , Xu Jing , Xia Rui , Zeng Zaohai , Liu Yuanlong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTheGRASgene family plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes of plant growth, including seed development, which is related to seedless traits of litchi (Litchi chinensisSonn.). However, it hasn’t been fully identified and analyzed in litchi, an economic fruit tree cultivated in subtropical regions.ResultsIn this study, 48 LcGRAS proteins were identified and termed according to their chromosomal location. LcGRAS proteins can be categorized into 14 subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure and conserved domain analysis revealed that different subfamilies harbored various motif patterns, suggesting their functional diversity. Synteny analysis revealed that the expansion of theGRASfamily in litchi may be driven by their tandem and segmental duplication. After comprehensively analysing degradome data, we found that fourLcGRASgenes belong to HAM subfamily were regulated via miR171-mediated degradation. The various expression patterns ofLcGRASgenes in different tissues uncovered they were involved in different biological processes. Moreover, the different temporal expression profiles ofLcGRASgenes between abortive and bold seed indicated some of them were involved in maintaining the normal development of the seed.ConclusionOur study provides comprehensive analyses onGRASfamily members in litchi, insight into a better understanding of the roles ofGRASin litchi development, and lays the foundation for further investigations on litchi seed development.
Dietary acid load and risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective population-based study
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Houshialsadat Zeinab , Bahadoran Zahra , Khalili‑Moghadam Sajjad , Shahrzad Mohammad Karim , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and aim
Considering the inconsistencies in the cardiovascular effects of dietary acid load and the impact of dietary acidity on the acid–base homeostasis within the body, we aimed to assess the association of dietary acid load and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a prospective community-based study.

Materials and methods
Participants (n = 2369) free of CVD at baseline (2006–2008) were included from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and followed up for a mean of 6.7 ± 1.4 years. Dietary intakes of the participants were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The dietary acid load was evaluated by Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) scores. Both scores have used the macronutrient and micronutrient data of the Food Frequency Questionnaires. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the 6-years incident risk of CVDs across tertiles of PRAL and NEAP scores.

Results
Mean age and body mass index of participants were 38.5 ± 13.3 years and 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at baseline. Within 6.7 ± 1.4 years of follow-up, 79 cases of cardiovascular events were reported. NEAP was significantly associated with the incidence of CVDs (HRs = 0.50, CI 0.32–0.96; P for trend = 0.032); however, after adjusting for potential confounders, no significant associations were observed between PRAL and NEAP scores and the risk of CVDs.

Conclusions
This study failed to obtain independent associations between dietary acid load and the incidence of CVDs among an Asian population.
A meta-review demonstrates improved reporting quality of qualitative reviews following the publication of COREQ- and ENTREQ-checklists, regardless of modest uptake
Authors: de Jong Y. , van der Willik E. M. , Milders J. , Voorend C. G. N. , Morton Rachael L. , Dekker F. W. , Meuleman Y. , van Diepen M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Reviews of qualitative studies allow for deeper understanding of concepts and findings beyond the single qualitative studies. Concerns on study reporting quality led to the publication of the COREQ-guidelines for qualitative studies in 2007, followed by the ENTREQ-guidelines for qualitative reviews in 2012. The aim of this meta-review is to: 1) investigate the uptake of the COREQ- and ENTREQ- checklists in qualitative reviews; and 2) compare the quality of reporting of the primary qualitative studies included within these reviews prior- and post COREQ-publication.

Methods
Reviews were searched on 02-Sept-2020 and categorized as (1) COREQ- or (2) ENTREQ-using, (3) using both, or (4) non-COREQ/ENTREQ. Proportions of usage were calculated over time. COREQ-scores of the primary studies included in these reviews were compared prior- and post COREQ-publication using T-test with Bonferroni correction.

Results
1.695 qualitative reviews were included (222 COREQ, 369 ENTREQ, 62 both COREQ/ENTREQ and 1.042 non-COREQ/ENTREQ), spanning 12 years (2007–2019) demonstrating an exponential publication rate. The uptake of the ENTREQ in reviews is higher than the COREQ (respectively 28% and 17%), and increases over time. COREQ-scores could be extracted from 139 reviews (including 2.775 appraisals). Reporting quality improved following the COREQ-publication with 13 of the 32 signalling questions showing improvement; the average total score increased from 15.15 to 17.74 (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion
The number of qualitative reviews increased exponentially, but the uptake of the COREQ and ENTREQ was modest overall. Primary qualitative studies show a positive trend in reporting quality, which may have been facilitated by the publication of the COREQ.