bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Values of a Novel Exolytic and Two Endolytic Alginate Lyases with Mannuronate Preference for Direct Preparation of Oligosaccharides, Action Modes, and Underlying Catalytic Mechanisms
Authors: Zeng Lianghuan , Li Junge , Cheng Yuanyuan , Wang Dandan , Gu Jingyan , Han Wenjun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Recent exploration of tool-like alginate lyases has focused on their oligosaccharide products and corresponding substrate action modes, and most were characterized as endolytic lyases with guluronate (G) preference. Herein, we elucidated a novel exolytic lyase, Aly-6, and two typical endolytic lyases, AlgL-Pae and AlgL-Avi, all with mannuronate (M) preferences. AlgL and heparinase_II_III modules play essential roles in determining the similar characteristics of these enzymes, although they are quite different in sequence characteristics. Aly-6 degraded substrates completely by continuously cleaving various monosaccharide units from nonreducing ends and producing various size-defined ΔG-terminated oligosaccharide fractions as intermediate alginate digests, which was inhibited by fluorescent labeling of reducing ends. Distinctly, AlgL-Pae and AlgL-Avi varied their action modes toward associated alginate substrates and therefore eventually degraded alginate into various size-defined oligosaccharide products with a specific structure-based succession rule. This study provided new insights into the action modes, associated mechanisms, and enzyme applications of M-preferred lyases.
Quantified Explainability: Convolutional Neural Network Focus Assessment in Arrhythmia Detection
Authors: Varandas Rui , Gonçalves Bernardo Brás , Gamboa Hugo , Vieira Pedro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Deep Learning (DL) models are able to produce accurate results in various areas. However, the medical field is specially sensitive, because every decision should be reliable and explained to the stakeholders. Thus, the high accuracy of DL models pose a great advantage, but the fact that they function as a black-box hinders their application to sensitive fields, given that they are not explainable per se. Hence, the application of explainability methods became important to provide explaination DL models in various problems. In this work, we trained different classifiers and generated explanation of their classification of electrocardiograms (ECG) by applying well-known methods. Finally, we extract quantifiable information to evaluate the explanation of our classifiers. Methods: In this study two datasets were built consisting of image representation of ECG that were labelled given one specific heartbeat: 1. labelled given the last heartbeat and 2. labelled given the first heartbeat. DL models were trained with each dataset. Three different explainability methods were applied to the DL models to explain their classification. These methods produce attribution maps in which the intensity of the pixels are proportional to their importance to the classification task. Thus, we developed a metric to quantify the focus of the models in the region of interest (ROI) of the ECG representation. Results: The developed classification models achieved accuracy scores of around 93.66% and 91.72% in the testing set. The explainability methods were successfully applied to these models. The quantification metric developed in this work demonstrated that, in most cases, the models did have a focus around the heartbeat of interest. The results ranged from around 8.8% in the worst case, until 32.4%, where the random focus would mean a value of approximately 10%. Conclusions: The classification models performed accurately in the two datasets, however, even though their focus is higher in the ROI of the figures compared with the random case, the results allow the interpretation that other regions of the figures might also be important for classification. In the future, it should be investigated the importance of regions outside the ROI and also if specific waves of the ECG signal contribute to the classification.
Estimating Population Norms for the Health-Related Quality of Life of Adults in Southern Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Hu wei , Zhou Liang , Chu Jiadong , Sun Na , Xiong Shuting , Chen Xuanli , Liu Siyuan , Shen yue ping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) population norms have been published in China but only for urban populations. Moreover, China is large and diverse in culture and social development, and regional population norms may be more appropriate than national norms. The purpose of the study was to derive the HRQoL population norms for adults in southern Jiangsu Province and explored potential influencing factors. MethodsThe data were based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in Liyang City from March 2019 to July 2020. EQ-5D-5L utility scores based on Chinese value set and EQ-VAS scores were used to assess HRQoL. The Tobit regression model and generalized linear model were performed to identify the association among potential covariates and HRQoL. ResultsThe means (95% confidence interval) of the EQ-5D-5L utility scores and VAS scores were 0.981(0.980-0.983) and 83.6(83.2-83.9), respectively. Younger people were more likely to experience problems with anxiety or depression. Lower HRQoL was associated with elderly individuals, lower socioeconomic status, no spouse, lack of regular physical activities, smoking cessation, and chronic non-communicable diseases. Subjects who declared that they were afflicted by diseases presented significantly lower utility scores, ranging from 0.823(0.766-0.880) for memory-related diseases to 0.978 (0.967-0.989) for hepatic diseases. ConclusionsRegional population norms of HRQoL are needed in the health economic study owing to the great socioeconomic differences across regions in China. The present study provides HRQoL population norms for adults in southern Jiangsu. These norm values could help policy makers better allocate limited health resources and prioritize service plans.
Controlled Sampling Approach in Improving Multiple Imputation for Missing Seasonal Rainfall Data
Authors: Burhanuddin Siti Nur Zahrah Amin , Deni Sayang Mohd , Shaadan Norshahida 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Missingness in rainfall data is one of the well-known and challenging issues faced by meteorologists and researchers from all over the world. The problem would affect the quality of the data which is very important in representing the actual meteorological characteristics of a particular location. Therefore, the missing data should be properly treated in order to provide good quality dataset for the public domain. In furtherance of ensuring the accuracy of imputed missing data, the original structure of the rainfall data series must be specifically preserved when the data are having seasonal patterns. Most of the environmental datasets are generally characterized by outliers and seasonal patterns. These characteristics have certainly affected the performance of missing data imputation methods. The problem of missing data can be treated, but a specific structured approach must be employed when involving dataset that contains outliers and seasonal patterns. This study has highlighted and discussed the structured and comprehensive procedures on how to tackle the problem of missing data by emphasizing on controlled sampling approach for their implementation. The missing values were estimated by using multiple imputation based on block bootstrap approach associated with normal ratio methods compared to the conventional sampling (i.e. general bootstrap approach). The analysis and experimentation are illustrated using several datasets obtained for several locations in Peninsular Malaysia. The block bootstrap approach has revealed its advantage of preserving time series structure in its process and successfully improved the estimates of missing rainfall data imputation.
Complement C5a and Clinical Markers to predict COVID-19 Disease Severity and Mortality in a Multi-ethnic Population
Authors: Cyprian Farhan S , Suleman Muhammad , Abdelhafez Ibrahim , Doudin Asmma , Danjuma Ibn Mohammed Masud , Mir Fayaz Ahmad , Parray Aijaz , Yousaf Zohaib , Siddiqui Mohammed Yassin Ahmed , Eldin Ala , Mulhim Mohammad , Al-Shokri Shaikha , Abukhattab Mohammad , Shaheen Ranad , Elkord Eyad , Al-khal Abdul Latif , Zouki Abdel Naser Al , Girardi Guillermina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared as a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 causes a wide range of illness from asymptomatic to life-threatening. There is an essential need to identify biomarkers to predict disease severity and mortality during the earlier stages of the disease, aiding treatment and allocation of resources to improve survival. The aim of this study was to identify at the time of SARS-COV-2 infection patients at high risk of developing severe disease associated with low survival using blood parameters, including inflammation and coagulation mediators, vital signs, and pre-existing comorbidities. This cohort included 89 multi-ethnic COVID-19 patients recruited between July 14th and October 20th 2020 in Doha, Qatar. According to clinical severity, patients were grouped into severe (n = 33), mild (n = 33) and asymptomatic (n = 23). Common routine tests such as complete blood count (CBC), glucose, electrolytes, liver and kidney function parameters and markers of inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction including complement component split product C5a, Interleukin-6, ferritin and C-reactive protein were measured at the time COVID-19 infection was confirmed. Correlation tests suggest that C5a is a novel predictive marker of disease severity and mortality, in addition to 40 biological and physiological parameters that were found statistically significant between survivors and non-survivors. Survival analysis showed that. high C5a levels, hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, elevated procalcitonin, neutrophilic leukocytosis, acute anemia along with increased acute kidney and hepatocellular injury markers were associated with a higher risk of death in COVID-19 patients. Altogether, we created a prognostic classification model, the CAL model (C5a, Albumin, and Lymphocyte count) to predict severity with significant accuracy. Stratification of patients using the CAL model could help the identification of patients likely to develop severe symptoms in advance so that treatments can be targeted accordingly.
Estimating hidden models and trends in COVID-19 Infected cases
Authors: ARUNACHALAM RAJARATHINAM , PAKKIRISAMY TAMILSELVAN 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The main aim of the present investigation is to estimate the hidden models and trends in COVID-19 infected cases in all the thirty seven district of from the period from 1st August,2020 to 31st December, 2020. Different statistical curve fitting tools like, Linear, Quadratic, S-Curve, Simple Exponential Smoothing, Holt’s Linear Exponential, Brown’s Linear Exponential Smoothing and Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average models were employed to study the COVID-19 infected trends and it’s future predictions.
COVID-19: About the inequality of the territorial distribution of the number of deaths in the world and the indicator of the quality of epidemic management
Authors: Wilinski Antoni , MK Arti , Kupracz Lukasz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of the article is to present some kind of injustice of fate in the aspect of uneven territorialdistribution of post-Covid-19 deaths. On a global scale, this unevenness is evident because it is notcontrolled by anything. In particular countries, it should be the result of efficient and honestmanagement of the spread of the epidemic. The authors assume in the proposed algorithm that thenumber of deaths in individual organizational units of the state (regions, states, provinces, etc.) isknown in the existing administrative division. By considering the population numbers in these units,the Lorentz curve is prepared, and the Gini coefficient is calculated - for the entire world and forindividual countries such as the USA, India, Brazil, Poland, and the Balkan and Eastern Europeancountries with the highest number of deaths per million inhabitants in the world. Moreover, anattempt was made to present the universal mortality rate in a given country in the form of abicriterion combining the Gini index and the number of deaths per million inhabitants achieved
A VOZ CALA, O CORPO GRITA: AS DIFICULDADES DE ALUNOS LGBT's NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Giardin Aline Rosana , Anzanello Jactiane , Chitolina Schettinger Maria Rosa 
Published: July 2021

Resumo: O artigo aborda a relação entre as questões de gênero, aceitação do corpo, relações interpessoais e as aulas de educação física no contexto escolar, com o intuito de verificar a realidade desses alunos quanto as aulas de educação física e suas implicações, enquanto inclusão (ou exclusão) que poderá resultar em um bom ou mal relacionamento com os colegas. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da aplicação de um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas para alunos de escolas estaduais de diversos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. Através das respostas dos alunos, foi possível verificar que o ambiente escolar e neste caso, as aulas de educação física reproduzem e reforçam práticas segregadoras, dificuldades de relacionamento entre os alunos LGBT’s e não LGBT’s e a dificuldade de aceitação do próprio corpo. É necessário um olhar mais aprofundado a cerca das questões abordadas neste estudo dentro do ambiente escolar e em especial nas aulas de educação física, com o intuito de compreender as questões de gênero e evitar a exclusão dos alunos LGBT’s.

Palavras-chave: Alunos LGBT’s. homofobia. Educação Física, escolas, exclusão
Het optreden van de koning in België, in het bijzonder tijdens regeringscrisissen
Authors: Rimanque Karel , Wouters Mark 
Published: July 2021

In the Belgian constitutional order, there is no room for any direct political powers to be exercised by the King. Even on the occasion of a crisis- when the Cabinet tenders its resignation or when the Kingperforms His constitutional mission in the process towards the formation of a new government ; His freedom of action is restricted by the objective context, defined mainly by the political parties.The King, however, retains the possibility of exercising his political influence. This influence may be all the more important in a country, such as Belgium, where the parliamentary system of proportional representation and the constitutional rule that both major linguistic groups be equally represented in the Cabinet -amongst other factors - cause a cabinet formation to be a complex and delicate process.
Le mouvement des enseignants francophones en 1990
Authors: Bouillon Pierre 
Published: July 2021

In 1990, an unprecedented strike of the French-speaking teachers stirred up political life in Belgium. The conflict started in February, when the unions demanded a two percent wage increase. Such an increase had been promised a couple of months earlier to all civil servants in Belgium. However, the Frenchspeaking community could only implement this decision by cuttingjobs. The anger of the teachers was also rooted in a profound malaise about their profession. In May and June, most schools were on strike. The French-speaking community receives a dotation from the federal government, the amount of which is determined by the law of January 1989. Politicians will eventually agree on the necessity of revising this law, but they did not do so in 1990. As a consequence, the Community had to appeal to the Walloon andBrussels Regions for financial aid, so as to be able to meet the demands of the teachers without having to cut jobs. At the cost of a strike which lasted for about six weeks, the teachers have obtained a four percent wage increase. In addition, politicians have formally promised not to take any measures affecting employment until they have received the conclusions of a large-scale study of the educational system in the French-speaking Community. Those conclusions are expected to be available in 1992.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK SIPIL DAN PERENCANAAN, FT, UNY MELALUI METODE DRILL BERBASIS KOMUNIKASI VERBAL-NON VERBAL
Authors: Nur Indriatno Putra Pratama Galeh , Suparman Suparman 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate whether the drill method (verbal and non-verbal communication skill drill) is able to improve the basic teaching skills in microteaching context. This is classroom action research. The population consisted of students majoring in Civil Engineering and Planning Education Department, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University who were taking microteaching practice course at 2019. The sample of the study was class A2 consisted of 11 students. The study was conducted in three cycles. Cycle 1 contained basic verbal communication, cycle 2 encompassed basic non-verbal communication, and cycle 3 covered both basic verbal and non-verbal communication types. Observation and skills assessment sheets were employed. The qualitative descriptive and descriptive statistics methods were then used to analyze the data.The results show that: (1) basic verbal communication skill drill in microteaching practices improves student teachers' basic microteaching skills and (2) basic non-verbal communication skill drill in microteaching practices improve student teachers' basic microteaching skills.Keywords: drill, communication, instructional media, posters, workshop ABSTRAKTujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengungkap bagaimana pengaruh metode drill keterampilan dasar mengajar (verbal maupun nonverbal) mampu meningkatkan keterampilan dasar mengajar terbatas pada pengajaran mikro. Kajian ini merupakan kajian tindakan kelas (classroom research). Populasi kajian ini adalah mahasiswa jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan FT UNY yang sedang melaksanakan praktik pengajaran Mikro pada tahun 2019. Sampel kajian adalah kelas A2 sejumlah 11 mahasiswa. Kajian dilaksanakan selama tiga siklus. Tinjauan pertama adalah dasar komunikasi verbal, tinjauan kedua adalah dasar komunikasi non verbal, tinjauan ketiga adalah dasar komunikasi verbal dan non verbal. Observasi kegiatan dilakukan oleh peneliti dengan lembar pengamatan. Penilaian keterampilan juga menggunakan lembar penilaian keterampilan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa: (1) metode drill keterampilan dasar komunikasi verbal yang diterapkan pada praktik keterampilan dasar mengajar terbatas dalam pengajaran mikro dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mengajar dasar terbatas. (2) metode drill keterampilan dasar komunikasi nonverbal yang diterapkan pada praktik keterampilan dasar mengajar terbatas dalam pengajaran mikro dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mengajar dasar terbatas.Kata kunci: drill, komunikasi, pengajaran mikro
MODEL TEACHERPRENEUR PADA PEMBELAJARAN VOKASI MENGHADAPI ERA DISRUPSI DAN REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Rachmad Prihadi Wisnu 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims: (1) to examine the grand design of the teacherpreneur model in vocational education on the development of the industrial revolution and disruption. This research uses descriptive method based on literature review. The results of the study show that: The teacherpreneur model for preparing learning in the industrial revolution 4.0 era that was developed was composed of four pillars namely competency, creativity, effectiveness, collaboration. needed the addition of a pillar of collaboration as a time of growing rapidly. In this model it is necessary to retest both internally related to the effectiveness of the model before it is applied. although it can be seen at the beginning for the initial model that has a pretty good score, i.e. (a) the model components are complete (92.83%); (b) the structure of the model components is clear (91.65%); (c) the relationship between the components of the model is clear (95.83%); (d) the model readability has been good (95.83%); (e) the model is feasible (95.83%); and (f) effective models if implemented (87.5%). Keywords: development, pilars, teacherpreneur ABSTRAK Kajian ini bertujuan: (1) mengkaji grand design model teacherpreneur pada pendidikan kejuruan terhadap perkembangan revolusi industri dan disrupsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif berdasarkan kajian literatur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: Model teacherpreneur untuk menyiapkan pembelajran di era revolusi industri 4.0 yang dikembangkan tersusun atas empat pilar yaitu kompetensi, kreatifitas, efektivitas, kolaborasi. diperlukan penambahan pilar kolaborasi sebagai tutntutan zaman yang begitu berkembang pesat. Pada model ini perlunya dilakukan pengujian ulang baik secara internal terkait keefektifan model sebelum diterapkan. walapun dapat dilihat diawal untuk model awal memiliki skor yang cukup baik yaitu (a) komponen model telah lengkap (92,83%); (b) struktur komponen model telah jelas (91,65%); (c) hubungan antar komponen model telah jelas (95,83%); (d) keterbacaan model telah baik (95,83%); (e) model telah layak (95,83%); dan (f) model efektif jika diimplementasikan (87,5%). Kata Kunci: pengembangan, pilar, teacherpreneur
TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN GURU TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK DAN PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PjBL) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PRODUK KREATIF DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN (PKK) SMK NEGERI DI DIY
Authors: Prabawati Maya , Suparman Suparman 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the level of understanding of PKK teachers on the characteristics and application of the PjBL model in PKK learning on the construction and property technology expertise program of N SMK in DIY. This research is quantitative descriptive. The method used is a survey with data collection techniques using Guttmann’s model questionnaire. Based on the results of the study, the PKK teacher's level of understanding of the characteristics and application of the PjBL model in PKK learning in the construction and property technology expertise program of DIY Vocational High Schools showed that there were 20 teachers (83.33%) in the "very good" and 4 teachers (16, 67%) "good" category. Overall the level of PKK teacher's understanding of the characteristics and application of the PjBL model in PKK learning in the construction and property technology expertise program of DIY Vocational High Schools was included in the "very good" category with an average observation of 90.5. Keywords: understanding, PjBL model, PKK ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman guru PKK terhadap karakteristik dan penerapan model PjBL dalam pembelajaran PKK pada program keahlian teknologi konstruksi dan properti SMK N di DIY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket model Guttman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh tingkat pemahaman guru PKK terhadap karakteristik dan penerapan model PjBL dalam pembelajaran PKK pada program keahlian teknologi konstruksi dan properti SMK Negeri se-DIY menunjukkan sebanyak 20 guru (83,33%) kategori “sangat baik” dan 4 guru (16,67%) kategori “baik”. Secara keseluruhan tingkat pemahaman guru PKK terhadap karakteristik dan penerapan model PjBL dalam pembelajaran PKK pada program keahlian teknologi konstruksi dan properti SMK Negeri se-DIY termasuk kategori “sangat baik” dengan rata-rata observasi sebesar 90,5. Kata kunci: Pemahaman, Model PjBL, PKK