bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous disruption of circulating miR‐21 and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs): Prospective diagnostic and prognostic markers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)
Authors: Samiei Hadiseh , Ajam Faezeh , Gharavi Abdolsamad , Abdolmaleki Sara , Kokhaei Parviz , Mohammadi Saeed , Memarian Ali 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as the most prominent type of esophageal cancer (EC) in developing countries encompasses a substantial contribution of cancer‐related mortalities and morbidities. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are the major subset of effector T cells against cancer. However, the microRNAs involved in the development and regulation of CTLs could be disrupted in cancers such as EC.MethodsHere, we evaluated the population of IL‐10, TGF‐β, IFN‐γ, and IL‐17a‐producing CD3+CD8+ T cells, their association with the circulating levels of miR‐21 and miR‐29b, and their diagnostic and/or prognostic (after 160 weeks of follow‐up) utilities in 34 ESCC patients (12 newly diagnosed: ND, 24 under‐treatment: UT) and 34 matched healthy donors.ResultsThe population of IL‐10 and TGF‐β‐producing CTLs (CD8+ Tregs) were considerably expanded, in addition to the overexpression of miR‐21 in both groups (ND and UT) of ESCC patients, while the frequency of Tc17 and CD8+ Treg cells increased only in UT patients. The expression means of TGF‐β and IL‐10 in CTLs were considered to be excellent biomarkers (1 ≥ area under the curve: AUC ≥0.9) in distinguishing ESCC patients and associated subgroups from healthy subjects. Moreover, the lower expressions of TGF‐β, IL‐17a, IL‐10, and IFN‐γ in CTLs were associated with ESCC better prognosis.ConclusionsThe association between the impaired function of CD3+ CD8+ T cell subsets and miR‐21 expression could be introduced as novel therapeutic targets and powerful diagnostic and prognostic markers for ESCC.
The psychometric properties of PSYCHLOPS, an individualized patient‐reported outcome measure of personal distress
Authors: Sales Celia , Faísca Luis , Ashworth Mark , Ayis Salma 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveFew studies report the psychometric properties of individualized patient‐reported outcome measures (I‐PROMs) combining traditional analysis and Item Response Theory (IRT).MethodsPre‐ and posttreatment PSYCHLOPS data derived from six clinical samples (n = 939) were analyzed for validity, reliability, and responsiveness; caseness cutoffs and reliable change index were calculated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to determine whether items represented a unidimensional construct; IRT examined item properties of this construct.ResultsValues for internal consistency, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, and structural validity were satisfactory. Responsiveness was high: Cohen's d, 1.48. Caseness cutoff and reliable clinical change scores were 6.41 and 4.63, respectively. IRT analysis confirmed that item scores possess strong properties in assessing the underlying trait measured by PSYCHLOPS.ConclusionPSYCHLOPS met the criteria for norm‐referenced measurement of patient psychological distress. PSYCHLOPS functioned as a measure of a single latent trait, which we describe as “personal distress.”
Daring to speak its name: Perceptions of suicidal ideation among Australian gay men
Authors: Olstein Justin , Finn Mark D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSuicidal ideation is approximately three times more prevalent in gay men than heterosexual men with research tending to focus on causation rather than protective factors. This exploratory study examined how gay men perceived suicidal ideation among members of their own community, and whether the support of gay friends was perceived as protective. Twenty‐three Australian gay men (aged between 18 and 65) participated in the study, with qualitative data obtained through the method of story completion. Constructionist thematic analysis highlighted ways in which a fictitious gay male protagonist with suicidal thoughts was viewed as reluctant to reveal these thoughts. However, when the character did, he was seen to benefit from the compassionate involvement of his gay friend. Additionally, the gay protagonist was perceived as experiencing stressors that heightened his community's minority status. Practically, the findings indicated that gay friends could play an important role in assisting their peers recover from suicidal ideation.
Evaluation of the antibacterial influence of silver nanoparticles against fish pathogenic bacterial isolates and their toxicity against common carp fish
Authors: Kakakhel Mian Adnan , Zaheer Ud Din Syed , Wang Wentao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAt present, nanotechnology and nanomaterials are being emerged very quickly and gained the attention of researchers due to their frequent application history, especially their antibacterial effects against certain bacterial isolates. Therefore, the present study was aimed to check the antibacterial influence and toxic effects of the market available (Chemical Fabricated) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). For this purpose, the AgNPs were obtained from the local market and used against fish pathogenic bacterial species. The highest zone of inhibition was observed against Aeromonas hydrophila (27.53 ± 0.69). Moreover, the AgNPs were exposed to the common carp fish for toxicity and toxic effects. The highest mortality was seen at the highest concentration (0.09 mg/L) of AgNPs. Finally, the AgNPs mainly were accumulated in the liver, followed by the intestine, gills, and muscles. The intestine absorbed the nanomaterials; therefore, it is critical to check the influence of these AgNPs on the fish intestinal bacterial community via MiSeq Illumina Sequencing.
Scanning electron microscopy of sensilla on the labial and maxillary palps of adult Callidiellum villosulum Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Wu Guanxin , Dong Zishu , Zheng Xia‐Lin , Lu Wen , Wang Xiao‐Yun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe the morphology and sensilla of the labial and maxillary palps of adult Callidiellum villosulum Fairmaire between sexes. Combining behavioral activities may provide an effective control target for this pest. In this study, the results showed that there were three segments on the labial palps and four segments on the maxillary palps. The length and width of each segment of the labial and maxillary palps were significantly larger in females than in males. Four types of sensilla were found on the labial and maxillary palps of both sexes of adult C. villosulum: sensilla basiconica (SB I, II, III, and IV), sensilla chaetica (SCh I and II), sensilla placodea (SP), and sensilla campaniformia (SCa). SB IV, SCa, and Sh II were significantly more developed on female labial and maxillary palps than on males', which may be related to their oviposition behavior. By contrast, SB I was more significantly developed on males than on females, which may be related to their mating selection. At the same time, for both sexes, the numbers of Sh I and Sh II on the maxillary palps were significantly higher on labial palps. Maxillary palps could be inferred to potentially play a more important role than the labial palps in the activities of adult C. villosulum. Results will help us further understand the host selection and egg‐laying behavior of adult C. villosulum. Such an understanding shall greatly promote the information‐based design of pest control methods.
Combination of psoas muscle mass index and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic predictor for patients undergoing nonsurgical hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Authors: Sugama Yusuke , Miyanishi Koji , Osuga Takahiro , Tanaka Shingo , Hamaguchi Kota , Ito Ryo , Sakamoto Hiroki , Kubo Tomohiro , Ohnuma Hiroyuki , Murase Kazuyuki , Takada Kohich , Kobune Masayoshi , Kato Junji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimReliable predictors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are urgently needed. The psoas muscle index (PMI) is a simple and rapid method for evaluating muscle atrophy. Furthermore, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic factor that is easy to calculate in everyday clinical practice. We aimed to investigate the value of the PMI and NLR as prognostic factors for patients receiving nonsurgical HCC therapy, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), or molecular targeted drugs such as sorafenib (SOR) and lenvatinib (LEN).MethodsWe enrolled 87 patients with HCC who were treated with HAIC, TACE, SOR, or LEN. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) with variable PMI or NLR status. For Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC)‐B patients, useful prognostic factors were examined by comparing the OS between stratified groups. Prognostic factors including PMI and NLR were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsAnalysis of HAIC or TACE (HAIC/TACE) and SOR or LEN (SOR/LEN) patients showed significant differences in OS between low and high PMI. In patients treated with TACE, there was a significant difference in OS between low and high NLR. For BCLC‐B and low PMI, the prognosis was significantly worse for SOR/LEN than for TACE, although there was no difference for high PMI, suggesting that PMI may be useful for treatment selection. In addition, the prognostic formula composed of PMI, NLR, and up‐to‐seven criteria developed in the present study may be useful.ConclusionPMI and NLR are considered to be independent prognostic factors for HCC.
Longer‐term outcome of acute pancreatitis: 5 years follow‐up
Authors: Patra Partha Sarathi , Das Kshaunish 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimFollowing an index episode of acute pancreatitis, sometimes the inflammation subsides completely, but sometimes inflammation persists and progresses to chronic pancreatitis, which may be or may not be preceded by recurrent acute pancreatitis. Some patients may also develop diabetes mellitus. There is only limited information on the longer‐term outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longer‐term consequences of acute pancreatitis in the form of the development of recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, or pancreatic carcinoma.MethodsThe index study included 122 patients who presented with their first episode of acute pancreatitis. This retrospective, cross‐sectional survey was performed 5 years after the index episode.ResultsOf the 122 patients, 96 were available for follow‐up while 4 were known to have died (one from pancreatic cancer). On reassessment after 5 years, 28 of 96 patients had further episodes of pancreatitis. Fifteen patients were diagnosed as having recurrent acute pancreatitis, 13 patients were diagnosed as having chronic pancreatitis, while 17 developed new‐onset diabetes. Recurrent acute pancreatitis was more common in younger patients, while chronic pancreatitis was associated with alcohol abuse and a more severe index episode. The development of diabetes was more common with advanced age.ConclusionsIn this study, a good proportion of patients progressed to chronic pancreatitis and diabetes within 5 years after surviving acute pancreatitis.
Effect of abdominal visceral fat on mortality risk in patients with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Higaki Yu , Nishida Tsutomu , Matsumoto Kengo , Yamaoka Sho , Osugi Naoto , Sugimoto Aya , Mukai Kaori , Nakamatsu Dai , Hayashi Shiro , Yamamoto Masashi , Nakajima Sachiko , Fukui Koji , Inada Masami 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimObesity is a well‐known risk factor for the development and severity of acute pancreatitis (AP), but the relationship between the abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) and mortality is unclear. We evaluated the effect of the VFA on mortality in severe AP (SAP).MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center cohort study examined 119 consecutive patients with SAP from April 2009 to March 2019. The VFA at the umbilical level was assessed using computed tomography. The primary endpoint was to evaluate whether visceral obesity affects mortality in SAP.ResultsThe median age was 63 years, and 66% of participants were male. Nine patients (7.5%) died during their hospital stay. The median body mass index (BMI) was 22.2 kg/m2, and six obese patients had a BMI of over 30 kg/m2 (5%). The median waist circumference and VFA were 85.5 cm and 112 cm2, respectively. Sixty‐eight (57.1%) patients had a VFA over 100 cm2. The prognostic factor score based on the Japanese guidelines for AP management (cutoff value [COV], 4; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.869) and age [COV, 72; AUC = 0.780]) showed moderate accuracy for predicting mortality, followed by the VFA (COV, 167 cm2; AUC = 0.679). Univariate logistic analysis, but not multivariate analysis, showed that an increased VFA was associated with a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for predicting mortality (OR: 4.38, P = 0.0406). The survival times of SAP patients with and without an increased VFA of 167 cm2 were not significantly different.ConclusionsVisceral obesity did not have a significant impact on predicting mortality in patients with SAP.
Chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy: Challenges and framework of outpatient administration
Authors: Gatwood Katie S. , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai R. , Lucena Mariana , Baer Brittney , Savani Bipin N. , Oluwole Olalekan O. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdoptive cellular therapy has made a landmark change within the treatment paradigm of several hematologic malignancies, and novel cellular therapy products, such as chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy (CART), have demonstrated impressive efficacy and produced durable responses. However, the CART treatment process is associated with significant toxicities, healthcare resource utilization, and financial burden. Most of these therapies have been administered in the inpatient setting due to their toxicity profile. Improved toxicity management strategies and a better understanding of cellular therapy processes are now established. Therefore, efforts to transition CART to the outpatient setting are warranted with the potential to translate into enhanced patient quality of life and cost savings. A successful launch of outpatient CART requires several components including a multidisciplinary cellular therapy team and an outpatient center with appropriate clinical space and personnel. Telemedicine should be incorporated for closer monitoring. Additionally, clear criteria for admission upon clinical decompensation, a pathway for prompt inpatient transition, and clear toxicity management guidelines should be implemented. Effective education about cellular therapy and toxicity management is imperative, especially for the Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit teams. Here, we have outlined the various logistical and clinical considerations required for the care of CART patients, which will aid centers to establish an outpatient CART program.
Role of bridging therapy during chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy
Authors: Bhaskar Shakthi T. , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai R. , Sengsayadeth Salyka M. , Savani Bipin N. , Oluwole Olalekan O. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy has been approved for use in several relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies and has significantly improved outcomes for these diseases. A number of different CAR T products are now being used in clinical practice and have demonstrated excellent outcomes to those in clinical trials. However, increased real‐world use of CAR T therapy has uncovered a number of barriers that can lead to significant delays in treatment. As a result, bridging therapy has become a widely used tool to stabilize or debulk disease between leukapheresis and CAR T cell administration. Here we review the available data regarding bridging therapy, with a focus on patient selection, choice of therapy, timing of therapy, and potential pitfalls.
Efficacy and safety of temperature‐controlled intraductal radiofrequency ablation in advanced malignant hilar biliary obstruction: A pilot multicenter randomized comparative trial
Authors: Kang Huapyong , Han Sung Yong , Cho Jae Hee , Kim Eui Joo , Kim Dong Uk , Yang Jae Kook , Jeon Soyoung , Park Goeun , Lee Tae Hoon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of temperature‐controlled intraductal radiofrequency ablation (ID‐RFA) for advanced malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO).MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to RFA group (ID‐RFA and bilateral plastic stent [PS]) or non‐RFA group (bilateral PS) at a 1:1 ratio. Exchange to self‐expanding metal stent (SEMS) was performed after 3 months or when premature PS occlusion occurred. Total event‐free stent patency, overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were analyzed.ResultsA total of 30 patients from three hospitals were enrolled. Stent patency and OS did not differ between the two groups (178 days vs 122 days, P = .154; 230 days vs 144 days, P = .643; respectively). In patients with each stricture length ≥11 mm on both sides, stent patency was longer in the RFA group than in the non‐RFA group (175 days vs 121 days, P = .028). More patients received elective exchange to SEMS without PS occlusion in the RFA group than in the non‐RFA group (69.2% vs 23.1%, P = .018). AE rates did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionsTemperature‐controlled ID‐RFA for advanced MHBO was safe and feasible. It could prevent premature PS occlusion within 3 months.
Development of the temporomandibular joint in miniature pig embryos
Authors: Xiang Lei , Wang Xuewen , Li Yongfeng , Liu Hua Wei , Zhang Xianhua , Mu Xiaodan , Liu Changkui , Hu Min 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint involved in sliding and hinge movements of lower jaw in mammals. Studies on TMJ development in embryos have been mainly performed using rodents. However, the TMJ structure in rodents differs in several aspects from that in humans. There are few studies on the embryonic development of TMJ in large mammals. In the present study, we investigated the embryonic developmental characteristics of the TMJ in pigs histologically. Embryonic day 35 (E35), E45, E55, E75, E90, and postnatal day 1(P1) embryos/fetuses from the pigs were used for the study. The results showed condensation of mesenchymal cells on E35. The inferior articular cavity was formed on E45, together with a narrow crack in the superior articular cavity region. The superior and inferior articular cavities and articular disc of the TMJ were completely formed on E55. On E75, the condyle showed an obvious conical shape and the superior and inferior joint cavities were enlarged. Furthermore, the mandibular ramus and mandibular body under the neck of the condyle were ossified from E75 to P1 day. The chondrocyte layer of the condyle was significantly thinner from E75 to P1. It is speculated that the spatiotemporal development of the TMJ in miniature pig embryos is similar to that in humans. Embryonic development of the pig TMJ is an important bridge for translating the results of rodent research to medical applications.
Ex‐VivoMRI of the Normal Human Placenta: Structural–Functional Interplay and the Association With Birth Weight
Authors: Link‐Sourani Daphna , Avisdris Netanell , Harel Shaul , Ben‐Sira Liat , Ganot Tuvia , Gordon Zoya , Many Ariel , Ben Bashat Dafna 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAdvanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods are increasingly being used to assess the human placenta. Yet, the structure–function interplay in normal placentas and their associations with pregnancy risks are not fully understood.PurposeTo characterize the normal human placental structure (volume and umbilical cord centricity index (CI)) and function (perfusion) ex‐vivo using MRI, to assess their association with birth weight (BW), and identify imaging‐markers for placentas at risk for dysfunction.Study TypeProspective.PopulationTwenty normal term ex‐vivo placentas.Field Strength/Sequence3 T/ T1 and T2 weighted (T1W, T2W) turbo spin‐echo, three‐dimensional susceptibility‐weighted image, and time‐resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST), during passage of a contrast agent using MRI compatible perfusion system that mimics placental flow.AssessmentPlacental volume and CI were manually extracted from the T1W images by a fetal‐placental MRI scientist (D.L., 7 years of experience). Perfusion maps including bolus arrival‐time and full‐width at half maximum were calculated from the TWIST data. Mean values, entropy, and asymmetries were calculated from each perfusion map, relating to both the whole placenta and volumes of interest (VOIs) within the umbilical cord and its daughter blood vessels.Statistical TestsPearson correlations with correction for multiple comparisons using false discovery rate were performed between structural and functional parameters, and with BW, with P < 0.05 considered significant.ResultsAll placentas were successfully perfused and scanned. Significant correlations were found between whole placenta and VOIs perfusion parameters (mean R = 0.76 ± 0.06, range = 0.67–0.89), which were also significantly correlated with CI (mean R = 0.72 ± 0.05, range = 0.65–0.79). BW was correlated with placental volume (R = 0.62), but not with CI (P = 0.40). BW was also correlated with local perfusion asymmetry (R = −0.71).Data ConclusionResults demonstrate a gradient of placental function, associated with CI and suggest several ex‐vivo imaging‐markers that might indicate an increased risk for placental dysfunction.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 1
Effects of uninterrupted dabigatran on the intensity of anticoagulation during atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Osawa Takumi , Mori Hitoshi , Kawai Akane , Kawano Daisuke , Tsutsui Kenta , Ikeda Yoshifumi , Yamaga Mitsuki , Sato Atsushi , Gatate Youdou , Hamabe Akira , Tabata Hirotsugu , Kato Ritsushi , Matsumoto Kazuo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundUninterrupted dabigatran during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is now established as the standard therapy. However, there are few reports on the effects of uninterrupted dabigatran on the intensity of anticoagulation during AF ablation.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 247 consecutive patients who underwent AF ablation in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. Patients who took warfarin or uninterrupted direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) except for dabigatran were excluded. 89 patients underwent ablation with uninterrupted dabigatran (uninterrupted group, male 71, mean age 59.6 ± 14.0) and 124 with interrupted DOACs (interrupted group, male 105, mean age 56.9 ± 12.9) during AF ablation. The initial ACT level, proportion of ACT levels of more than 300 s, and total amount of heparin were compared. Furthermore, the incidence of procedure complications was also evaluated.ResultsThe initial ACT levels were significantly higher in the uninterrupted group, and the total number of ACTs of more than 300 s was significantly higher in the uninterrupted group (uninterrupted vs. interrupted; initial ACT level, 315.6 ± 59.8 vs. 264.5 ± 48.6, p < .001; total number of ACTs ≧300, n [%], 304/ 484 [62.8 %] vs. 372/745 [49.9%], p < .001). The total amount of heparin during procedure was significantly lower in the uninterrupted group (uninterrupted group vs. interrupted group; 12966 ± 4773 vs. 16371 ± 5212, p < .001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups.ConclusionsIn the catheter ablation of AF, uninterrupted dabigatran would be useful to obtain a stable anticoagulation status during the entire procedure.