bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted gene co expression network analysis (WGCNA) with key pathways and hub‐genes related to micro RNAs in ischemic stroke
Authors: Qu Xiang , Wu Shuang , Gao Jinggui , Qin Zhenxiu , Zhou Zhenhua , Liu Jingli 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) is one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide. However, the specific mechanism of gene interplay and the biological function in IS are not clear. Therefore, more research into IS is necessary. Dataset GSE110993 including 20 ischemic stroke (IS) and 20 control specimens are used to establish both groups and the raw RNA‐seq data were analysed. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to screen the key micro‐RNA modules. The centrality of key genes were determined by module membership (mm) and gene significance (GS). The key pathways were identified by enrichment analysis with Kyoto Protocol Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG), and the key genes were validated by protein‐protein interactions network. Result: Upon investigation, 1185 up‐ and down‐regulated genes were gathered and distributed into three modules in response to their degree of correlation to clinical traits of IS, among which the turquoise module show a trait‐correlation of 0.77. The top 140 genes were further identified by GS and MM. KEGG analysis showed two pathways may evolve in the progress of IS. Discussion: CXCL12 and EIF2a may be important biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and treatment in IS.
Integrative Behandlungsansätze bei chronischen Lebererkrankungen
Authors: Huber Roman 
Published: April 2021

SummaryHintergrund: Während die chronische Hepatitis C inzwischen sehr gut heilbar ist, bleiben die Fettleberhepatitis (NAFLD), toxische Hepatopathien, chronische Hepatitis B und immunogene Lebererkrankungen therapeutische Herausforderungen.Methode: In einer selektiven Literaturrecherche und nach den Erfahrungen des Autors wird die vorhandene Evidenz zum Einsatz von Naturheilverfahren bzw. Komplementärmedizin bei chronischen Lebererkrankungen zusammengefasst.Ergebnisse: Patienten mit chronischen Lebererkrankungen profitieren insbesondere von nichtmedikamentösen Verfahren, die das Risiko für die Entwicklung einer Leberzirrhose reduzieren. Hierzu gehören die Reduktion einer eventuell vorhandenen Steatosis hepatis durch Gewichtsreduktion (Lebensstilmodifikation), die Reduktion einer eventuell vorhandenen Eisenüberladung durch Aderlässe sowie die Vermeidung von Alkohol und lebertoxischen Medikamenten. Diese Maßnahmen führen wahrscheinlich auch zu einer Verlangsamung der Progression, wenn bereits eine Leberzirrhose vorliegt. Zusätzlich spielt bei Leberzirrhose die richtige Ernährung eine wesentliche Rolle: kalorienreich, bei hepatischer Enzephalopathie eiweißreduziert, bei Aszites bzw. Ödemen salzarm. Durch Balneotherapie kann das bei Leberzirrhose aktivierte Renin/Aldosteron-System herabreguliert werden. Standardisierte Extrakte aus Mariendistelfrüchten haben hepatoprotektive Eigenschaften, die sich klinisch bei Patienten mit toxischen Leberschäden positiv auswirken. Hochdosierte Gabe von Omega-3-Fettsäuren sowie verschiedene Nahrungsergänzungsmittel führten in einzelnen kontrollierten Studien zu einer Reduktion des Leberfetts bei Patienten mit NAFLD.Schlussfolgerung: Patienten mit chronischer Hepatitis sollten mit einem integrativen Konzept behandelt werden, das neben Alkoholverzicht die Behandlung der Risikofaktoren Steatose und Eisenüberladung differentialtherapeutisch berücksichtigt. Lebensstilmodifikation und Aderlässe spielen hierbei eine wesentliche Rolle.
Überlegungen und Berechnungen zur Effizienz des Einsatzes von Ärzten für delegierbare, nichtärztliche Tätigkeiten – ein Denkanstoß in Zeiten des Nachwuchsmangels
Authors: Braun Benedikt J. , Fritz Tobias ,   Perspektivforum Junge Chirurgie, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Krankenversorgung ist mit hohen Kosten verbunden, wobei ein großer Teil dieser Kosten aus den Gehaltskosten des ärztlichen Personals resultiert. Eine möglichst effiziente
Nutzung dieser Personalressourcen sollte daher im Fokus eines guten Krankenhausmanagements stehen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit sollen die Kosten und das resultierende Einsparpotenzial aus
Tätigkeiten berechnet werden, die prinzipiell delegierbar sind, jedoch durch ärztliches Personal durchgeführt werden.
Material und Methoden Die Berechnung erfolgt anhand der Ergebnisse der aktuellen Nachwuchsumfrage des Berufsverbandes der Deutschen Chirurgen sowie des Perspektivforums Junge
Chirurgie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (n = 708). Abgefragt wurden, neben der Zufriedenheit der Weiterbildungsassistenten und limitierenden Faktoren, die durchschnittliche
Tagesdauer, die mit prinzipiell delegierbarer Tätigkeit verbracht wird, sowie die jeweiligen Tätigkeiten. Zusammen mit den Einkommen gemäß Tarifvertrag für Ärzte und Durchschnittsgehältern
des für die Delegation infrage kommenden nichtärztlichen Personals konnten so näherungsweise Kosten und Einsparpotenzial berechnet werden.
Ergebnisse Die Befragten gaben an, dass sie pro Tag im Durchschnitt etwa 124 min mit prinzipiell delegierbarer Tätigkeit verbrachten. Diese stammten vornehmlich aus den Bereichen
Blutentnahme/Zugänge, Schreib- und Telefontätigkeit. Daraus wurden Kosten pro ärztlichen Mitarbeiter in der Weiterbildung von über 16 000 € pro Jahr mit einem Einsparpotenzial von bis zu
7000 € bei Volldelegation berechnet.
Schlussfolgerung Die simple Berechnung zeigt das Einsparpotenzial bei adäquater Delegation entsprechender Tätigkeiten. Auch über eine betriebswirtschaftliche Ebene hinaus ist eine
Delegation sinnvoll, zeigen Umfragen doch einen wesentlichen Effekt auf die Steigerung der Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit bei Reduktion delegierbarerer, nichtärztlicher Tätigkeiten. Die
vorliegende Arbeit soll daher zur Auseinandersetzung mit diesem Thema sensibilisieren und kann auch als Anleitung dienen, die Verhältnisse an der eigenen Klinik vor diesem Hintergrund zu
analysieren.
Role of Participatory Health Informatics in Detecting and Managing Pandemics: Literature Review
Authors: Gabarron Elia , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Miron-Shatz Talya , Grainger Rebecca , Denecke Kerstin 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Using participatory health informatics (PHI) to detect disease outbreaks or learn about pandemics has gained interest in recent years. However, the role of PHI in understanding and managing pandemics, citizens’ role in this context, and which methods are relevant for collecting and processing data are still unclear, as is which types of data are relevant. This paper aims to clarify these issues and explore the role of PHI in managing and detecting pandemics.
Methods: Through a literature review we identified studies that explore the role of PHI in detecting and managing pandemics. Studies from five databases were screened: PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), IEEE Xplore, ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Digital Library, and Cochrane Library. Data from studies fulfilling the eligibility criteria were extracted and synthesized narratively.
Results: Out of 417 citations retrieved, 53 studies were included in this review. Most research focused on influenza-like illnesses or COVID-19 with at least three papers on other epidemics (Ebola, Zika or measles). The geographic scope ranged from global to concentrating on specific countries. Multiple processing and analysis methods were reported, although often missing relevant information. The majority of outcomes are reported for two application areas: crisis communication and detection of disease outbreaks.
Conclusions: For most diseases, the small number of studies prevented reaching firm conclusions about the utility of PHI in detecting and monitoring these disease outbreaks. For others, e.g., COVID-19, social media and online search patterns corresponded to disease patterns, and detected disease outbreak earlier than conventional public health methods, thereby suggesting that PHI can contribute to disease and pandemic monitoring.
Primary Care Informatics Response to Covid-19 Pandemic: Adaptation, Progress, and Lessons from Four Countries with High ICT Development
Authors: Liaw Siaw-Teng , Kuziemsky Craig , Schreiber Richard , Jonnagaddala Jitendra , Liyanage Harshana , Chittalia Aliasgar , Bahniwal Ravninder , He Jennifer W. , Ryan Bridget L. , Lizotte Daniel J. , Kueper Jacqueline K. , Terry Amanda L. , de Lusignan Simon 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Internationally, primary care practice had to transform in response to the COVID pandemic. Informatics issues included access, privacy, and security, as well as patient concerns of equity, safety, quality, and trust. This paper describes progress and lessons learned.Methods: IMIA Primary Care Informatics Working Group members from Australia, Canada, United Kingdom and United States developed a standardised template for collection of information. The template guided a rapid literature review. We also included experiential learning from primary care and public health perspectives.Results: All countries responded rapidly. Common themes included rapid reductions then transformation to virtual visits, pausing of non-COVID related informatics projects, all against a background of non-standardized digital development and disparate territory or state regulations and guidance. Common barriers in these four and in less-resourced countries included disparities in internet access and availability including bandwidth limitations when internet access was available, initial lack of coding standards, and fears of primary care clinicians that patients were delaying care despite the availability of televisits.Conclusions: Primary care clinicians were able to respond to the COVID crisis through telehealth and electronic record enabled change. However, the lack of coordinated national strategies and regulation, assurance of financial viability, and working in silos remained limitations. The potential for primary care informatics to transform current practice was highlighted. More research is needed to confirm preliminary observations and trends noted.
Therapeutic Endoscopic Procedures on a Human Cadaver—A Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Appaji Ashwini C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction The traditional apprentice model of teaching therapeutic endoscopic skills is inadequate due to unpredictable frequency and high stakes for patient outcome. Simulation had gained widespread acceptance for training modules. But all the procedures cannot be trained on simulator. We designed a novel human cadaver hands-on training module for practicing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVL), endoscopic injection (EI), snare polypectomy (SP), thermal cautery (TC), and endoscopic clip (EC) placement.
Methods A single preserved pre-coronavirus disease 2019 human cadaver was used as a training model. Twelve trainees (6 teams) used the module to acquire and practice new skills of PEG, EVL, EI, SP, and EC using standard endoscope and regular endoscopic accessories. All the trainees completed the course evaluation using a 5-point Likert scale (5= strongly agree).
Results The training resulted in a self-reported increase in equipment familiarity and all the trainees felt uniformly that they are better prepared for performing the procedures on real patients. They strongly agreed that this exhaustive hands-on exercise has more educational value than attending lectures.
Conclusion Human cadaver can be used for trainees to hone therapeutic endoscopic skills by teaching modules with predefined learning objectives.
Current Trends in Etiological Profile of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Northern India: A Retrospective Analysis of 5-Year Endoscopic Data
Authors: Bodh Vishal , Sharma Brij , Kumar Rajesh , Sharma Rajesh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction The etiological spectrum of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) varies from region to region. This study was performed to find out the latest etiological spectrum of the AUGIB in a tertiary care hospital in North India and to compare it with etiological spectra from a previous study from the same center and from the other regions of India.
Methods Clinical notes and endoscopic data of all consecutive patients who had presented with AUGIB in Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, from May 2015 to December 2019, were analyzed retrospectively with the objective of finding out the various endoscopic etiologies that lead to AUGIB. The findings were compared with the previous study from the same center and with the data from the other regions of the country.
Results A total of 1,513 patients were enrolled and majority were males (74.6%) with male:female ratio of 2.9:1. Majority were 41 to 60 years (46.46%) of age. Melena was the presenting complaint in 93.98% and hematemesis in 46.06%. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD; 46.19%) was the commonest cause of AUGIB followed by portal hypertension (26.23%). Other less common causes were erosive mucosal disease, erosive esophagitis, neoplasm, Mallory–Weiss tear, gastric angiodysplasia, anastomotic site ulcers, and Dieulafoy’s lesion.
Conclusion PUD was still the commonest cause of AUGIB followed by portal hypertension. This is in agreement with the previous report from the same center and in contrast to the reports from other studies from Northern and Western India that create the impression that portal hypertension related bleeding is the most common cause of AUGIB in India.
Commercial production of Nile tilapia on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe.
Authors:   CABI
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Lake Harvest Aquaculture (Pvt) Ltd was first developed into a freshwater tilapia fish farm business in 1996 on premises that originally farmed freshwater prawns owned by one of Zimbabwe's food companies, Cairns Foods Ltd. The farm was set up in 1997 and, ten years later, has grown to a 3000-tonne fish farm where tilapia are produced primarily for processing and export to European and regional markets. The original targeted projections for production and net income of the farm were proving accurate until 2001 when the macro-economy began to shrink. Low production on crop farms due to inadequate resources and drought brought a shortage of raw materials to the feed manufacturing companies. The continuous downward trend in feed production affected the company as it failed to support its growing fish biomass. The feed and economy problems resulted in a decision by the board to stop expansion of the business in 2002. Lake Harvest business was set up at a cost of US $10,000,000. The business was externally funded by the Commonwealth Development Corporation (CDC Group plc) and Comafin, a pan-African private equity fund, before the share holding structure changed in 2002. The major costs were encountered on the installation and mooring of cages, and the construction of a fish processing factory. Six sites were installed, each costing around US $350,000, including boats. The processing factory cost around US $4,000,000. The objectives of this case study are to: * Provide a scenario and overview of Lake Harvest Aquaculture as a company growing tilapia in cages in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. * Provide a means of assessment and learning for those considering developing cage-based aquaculture in sub-Saharan Africa. All of the main activities carried out at Lake Harvest will be described in the same sequence as followed on-farm; production, management, and sale of the final product: * Breeding * Feeding * Sampling * Diving * Harvesting * Processing * Marketing.
Social and economic benefits of commercial aquaculture in rural communities: a case study of two commercial cage culture farms in Ghana.
Authors: Asmah Ruby , Abban E. K. , Ofori J. K. , Brummett R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Two commercial caged fish farms, located in the Asuogyaman district of the Eastern Region of Ghana, were assessed for their social and economic impacts on rural communities around their locations. Three groups of people; farm managers, farm workers and farmed fish traders were interviewed by the authors using semi-structured questionnaires to obtain data. Identified benefits to the local communities included increased employment opportunities, improved nutrition and health through enhanced availability of fish and improved infrastructure through, for example, construction of vehicular access roads to communities that would not have occurred but for the existence of the fish farm. Benefits to workers of fish farms and their families were in the form of regular incomes, bonuses, possibility of loans and contribution to social security funds by employers (Farms), which also entitled the workers to an old age pension, invalidity pension, survivors' lump sum payment to families of the workers in case of premature death and health insurance. Benefits to the related traders included larger trade opportunities, incomes accrued from the trading activities that were used to benefit themselves, their families and dependents. Other benefits identified as a result of the farms' operations were the development of local auxiliary businesses, such as ice production. The study concluded that the commercial fish farming sector had, and could have greater, positive impacts on the economy of local communities and the country at large. However, the study has not yet been undertaken within communities where negative impacts of caged fish farms may be encountered. Irrespective of this, results of current study suggest that the emerging fish culture industry in Ghana could enhance the contribution of agriculture to national social and economic development.
Gestion organisationnelle et technique d'un système agropiscicole en zone subsaharienne: cas du Projet de Ziga au Burkina Faso.
Authors: Kabré Jean-André T 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

In Burkina Faso, cereals are the main source of food. Their consumption rate is relatively high compared to those of meat and fish which are 5-7 kg and 1.5 kg per inhabitant per year, respectively. The efforts developed by the Government to curb food problems are very remarkable in the partially or totally irrigated agricultural sector. Currently, Burkina Faso has around 1,100 bodies of water. The existence of these water bodies has allowed the development of artisanal fishing and especially aquaculture at the level of peri-urban and urban water reservoirs. It is in this logic that the integrated aquaculture complex of Ziga was created in 2005. Its management has been entrusted to an association of women fish farmers. The organizational and technical management models of the Ziga aquaculture complex highlight the need to integrate beneficiary populations into all phases of the project. They particularly insist on the need for prior mastery of the various technologies used in the production sub-systems (market gardening, poultry farming and fish farming) in order to facilitate the gradual transfer of management to producers.
Thinking beyond the pond - promoting livelihoods analysis and approaches for aquaculture development.
Authors: Haylor Graham 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Traditionally, development professionals have considered 'lack of technical knowledge' to be a significant constraint to rural development through aquaculture (as well as through other technical disciplines). However, evidence increasingly shows the enormous store of 'indigenous technical knowledge' present in remote, rural communities, although this knowledge is still often undervalued or ignored by 'outside' developers. Gradually this is changing as approaches based on understanding and supporting the lives and livelihoods of people in communities are being increasingly adopted, but building capacity in technical line agencies to work in this way is an enormous undertaking. 'Thinking beyond the pond' is about a pilot project promoting approaches to development involving aquaculture that include learning about livelihoods approaches. With support from a Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP), the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific-Support to Regional Aquatic Resources Management (NACA-STREAM) Initiative is training national livelihoods teams in a number of countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region and facilitating livelihoods analysis and approaches that aim to benefit poor and vulnerable aquatic resource users.
Sydney rock oyster farming in Australia.
Authors: Nell John 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The 120-year-old Sydney rock oyster industry in New South Wales (NSW) and southern Queensland is one of the oldest aquaculture industries in Australia. The industry has been forced to adapt to competition from other species, tighter harvesting and oyster storage and handling requirements as well as eroding profit margins. Recent changes in farming practices include the move away from stick culture to single seed culture, as the half-shell market demands a more uniformly shaped oyster. When selective breeding demonstrated that it could reduce time to market (50 g whole weight) by nearly a year out of an industry average of 3.5 years, the industry wanted to try hatchery technology. Although the industry had never used hatchery technology before, it purchased 10 million spat or 8% of its annual spat requirement from hatcheries in 2003-2004, the first year that they were made available to farmers. The industry also embraced the Australian Shellfish Quality Assurance Program, which requires that shellfish harvest areas be classified on the basis of a sanitary survey and the results of an ongoing strategic water-sampling programme. This programme ensures product safety for the consumers and helps to provide the industry with a long-term future.
Shrimp farming systems in Hai Phong, Vietnam.
Authors: Giap Dao Huy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Hai Phong province is one of the main shrimp culture areas in north Vietnam. Its climate is influenced by two monsoon regimes. The April-September southwest monsoon is wet and hot, and the temperature is suitable for shrimp culture. The October-March northeast monsoon is dry and cold, and the temperature is not suitable for shrimp culture. Different shrimp farming systems take place along the entire coast depending on socio-economic and climatic conditions, seed availability, and farming methods to minimize the operating risk. The main cultured species in Hai Phong is black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. The shrimp are either cultured in monoculture or integrated or cultured alternatively with mud crab (Scylla serrata), greasyback shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis)and seaweeds (Gracilaria gracilis and G. blodgettii). The main crop of black tiger shrimp is from April to September, when about 15% of farms practice integrated shrimp-seaweed culture and 85% of farms practice shrimp monoculture. Additional crops of shrimp or mud crabs are cultured during other months from September to March, while seaweed production is integrated with shrimp or crabs all year. Thus, four main shrimp farming systems can be found in Hai Phong: Single-crop shrimp farming, double-crop shrimp farming, shrimp-crab rotation farming, and integrated shrimp-seaweed-crab farming.