bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Maximum of the First Resonance Frequency for Inhomogeneous Elastic Bodies
Authors: Vatulyan A. O. , Yurov V. O. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The paper considers a non-classical optimization problem associated with the development of the production of new functionally graded materials. It is proposed to optimize the first natural frequency of oscillations by choosing the law of change in elastic moduli, and not the shape, as is done in most works devoted to optimization. This formulation of the problem becomes practically justified with the development of 3D printing and the production of FGM ceramics with specified properties. As an example, the problems of oscillations of a FGM rod and a FGM beam with spring boundary conditions at one of the ends are considered.
Reading Progress Tracking Using Convolutional Neural Networks on High-Noise Eye-Tracking Data
Authors: Shangareev A. I. , Stupnikov S. A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The paper is devoted to studying the methods for tracking the reading progress on eye-tracking data using deep learning neural networks. An architecture of the autoencoder neural network is developed that is intended for efficient use the spatial and temporal information. A data augmentation method is proposed that generates high noise data and preserves information about the correspondence of each gaze fixation to a corresponding word. The quality of the neural network model is experimentally evaluated on noisy data.
Social support status and associated factors among methadone maintenance patients: a multicentre, cross-sectional study in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nguyen Huong Thi Thanh , Tran Dien Quang , Dinh Dai Xuan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate the social support status and associated factors among Vietnamese methadone maintenance patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThree methadone clinics.Participants540 patients.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe Medical Outcomes Study—Social Support Survey questionnaire was employed to measure patients’ social support. Factors associated with the social support status of patients were determined through multivariate linear regression models. Variables in these models were selected using the Bayesian model averaging method.ResultsThe average social support score of patients was 63.50±26.54 (ranger: 0–100). The average social support scores of patients living in mountainous areas (Dien Bien: 63.74±23.67, Son La: 46.15±20.31) were significantly lower than that of patients residing in metropolitan areas (Hanoi: 80.61±23.47) (p<0.001). The likelihood of gaining high social support was 1.31 times more likely among patients living with at least one person (64.21±26.25) in comparison with those living alone (48.84±28.69) (p=0.013). The higher the number of family members living with the patient and close friends/relatives, the higher the social support score. Factors significantly associated with patients’ social support included the place of residence, the patient’s occupation, the family’s monthly income, the number of people living with the patients, and the number of close friends/relatives (p<0.001).ConclusionMethadone maintenance patients in Vietnam received a moderate level of social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the context of pandemics, not only the authorities but also family members and the community should give succour and strength to the patients, thereby contributing to the success of methadone treatment and the recovery of patients.
Continence care quality from the perspective of older adults receiving home care services and residents of long-term care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Silverglow Anastasia , Wijk Helle , Milsom Ian , Wagg Adrian 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionUrinary incontinence is associated with social isolation, deconditioning, depression, falls and early mortality. It impairs quality of life, even in residents of nursing homes, and, in the community, increases the risk of institutionalisation. Care focused on the preservation of dignity during intimate care is important in the care of older adults. Despite this, there are few data which seek to define the quality of care or desired outcomes of care from the older adult’s perspective. This scoping review aims to assess the research literature addressing the question of what is known about the quality of continence care from the perspective of older adults (>65 years old) in long-term care and from those in receipt of home care to identify gaps in the literature and direct further research.Methods and analysisThe Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method will be followed. The CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PubMed, SCOPUS, PROSPERO, Web of Science and JBI Evidence Synthesis databases will be searched using keywords for publications within the last 20 years without restriction on publication type or language. A search of grey literature and websites will be conducted. Reference lists of the retrieved articles will be used to identify additional literature. A preliminary search of MEDLINE was performed (21 November 2023), to identify articles. Search results will be exported into a management tool for screening and analysis. Article screening will be undertaken by two authors, and a third will be included if needed to resolve any differences. Data analysis will be guided by theoretical frameworks. The protocol for this study was registered at Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/bprq9/).Potential impactInformation on what constitutes quality of care or desired outcomes of care from the perspective of this segment of the population is lacking. This review will synthesise knowledge and provide research direction. Findings can potentially lead to new directions in the provision of care for vulnerable older adults.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics approval for a scoping review is not required. The results will be published in a high-impact journal with a focus on open access publication.
Magnitude of undernutrition and determinant factors among adult patients with tuberculosis on follow-up care at public healthcare facilities in South Ethiopia Region: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Beyene Belaynesh Bahiru , Gargamo Daniel Baza , Gidebo Kassa Daka , Meskele Mengistu , Nane Debritu , Abebe Amene 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundGlobally, approximately 1.9 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) were attributable to undernutrition. Nearly 19 000 deaths occur annually in Ethiopia due to TB. TB makes undernutrition worse and undernutrition deteriorates the body’s defence system thus increasing the chance of developing an active illness. However, there is a dearth of studies regarding undernutrition among adult patients with TB in the study setting.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the magnitude of undernutrition and its associated factors among adult patients with TB in the South Ethiopia Region.DesignWe conducted a multicentre cross-sectional study using structured and pretested questionnaires.SettingsThe study was conducted from 5 August 2022 to 5 September 2022, among adult patients with TB on follow-up care in the South Ethiopia Region.ParticipantsThree hundred ninety-eight randomly selected adult patients with TB on follow-up care in public healthcare facilities in the Southern Ethiopia region participated in the study.MethodsData were collected using structured and pretested questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements were taken by calibrated instruments. EpiData V.3.1 was used for data entry. Data analysis was done by SPSS V.25. Tables, graphs and texts were used to present descriptive statistics. Variables with a p value <0.25 in bivariable logistic regression were candidates for multivariable logistic regression. A p value <0.05 with a 95% CI was used to declare the statistical significance.ResultsThe magnitude of undernutrition was 46.5%, 95% CI 41.5% to 51.5%. Rural residence (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.94, 95% CI 2.52 to 6.17), positive HIV status (AOR=2.65, 95% CI 1.65 to 4.268) and family history of TB (AOR=2.62, 95% CI 1.65 to 4.15) were factors significantly associated with undernutrition.ConclusionOur finding indicated that undernutrition among adult patients with TB was relatively high in the study setting compared with similar research reports. Undernutrition was significant among rural residents, positive HIV status and family history of TB. Therefore, we recommend that emphasis should be given to rural residents, positive HIV status and families with a history of patients with TB to decrease its burden.
Vascular Injury of Penetrating Trauma of the Extremities
Authors: Simsek Yeliz , Gur Aysenur 
Published: December 2024

Background: Physical examination and computed tomography angiography (CTA) are used for diagnosing arterial injury in extremity trauma. In recent years, CTA has been overused to obtain more objective data. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of using CTA for the management of patients with extremity penetrating injuries, specifically in cases where vascular injury was not detected during initial examination.Methods: This retrospective study included patients with penetrating trauma who underwent CTA of the extremities. The demographic data, mechanism of injury, the side of injury, initial vascular exam (normal, soft signs, and hard signs), radiological results, and any orthopedic and vascular intervention performed were recorded. The χ2 test was used for independent variables. A significance level of p < 0.05 was used. We compared the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) for physical exam and CTA for identifying arterial injury requiring intervention.Results: Of the 252 patients included in the study, 29 (21.5%) had abnormal vascular physical examination while 26 (10.3%) had an abnormal CTA. The NPV of the hard sign for identifying vascular injury was 95.4%, while the sensitivity was 57.7%, specificity was 100%, and PPV was 100%. The NPV of routine physical examination to determine the requirement for vascular intervention was 100%. The sensitivity and PPV of the soft sign in determining the need for vascular intervention were 65.4% and 77.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Vascular injury was present in all cases that had positive hard signs. CTA imaging and vascular intervention are not necessary in patients who exhibit no hard and/or soft indicators during a thorough physical examination.
Unlocking the Power of Physical Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Chen Jiajia , Sun Shaopeng 
Published: December 2024

Purpose of Review: This study reviewed the concept and assessment tools of physical activity (PA), the level and limiting factors of PA in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and its impact on patient clinical outcomes, aimed at providing a reference for exercise‐assisted treatment of people with IBD.Recent Findings: The current findings of PA in patients with IBD focus on the risk of disease, promoting and limiting factors, and the effect of clinical outcomes. Patients with IBD have inadequate levels of PA, and the association of PA with IBD incidence and disease activity remains controversial. Nevertheless, PA has demonstrated beneficial effects on clinical outcomes, particularly in reducing mortality, enhancing quality of life, and improving body composition.Summary: IBD is a chronic disease with no cure. Although medication is the main treatment modality, it requires careful consideration of its risks and benefits. PA has proven to be an effective nondrug treatment that can slow the progression of various chronic diseases and enhance patients’ quality of life. However, the correlation between PA levels and clinical outcomes of IBD remains unclear.
NT5E Mediates Cisplatin Resistance in NSCLC Through the PI3K‐AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zheng Liangfeng , Liu Jian , Ji Feiyue , Li Chunxiang , Qian Ye , Shao Lili , Lu Xiaomin 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of NT5E and its mechanism in cisplatin (diamminedichloroplatinum, DDP) resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore the value of NT5E in the clinical prognosis of NSCLC patients.Methods: First, the genes related to drug resistance were identified by constructing an A549/DDP cell line with DDP resistance and performing transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Gene ontology (GO) as well as the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways were enriched for the related genes using the Metascape database. The STRING database was further applied to construct protein–protein interaction networks (PPIs), and heatmaps were used to visualize the coexpression relationships of genes in the modules, as well as to screen for key genes. Subsequently, immunohistochemistry and molecular biology experiments were conducted to confirm the expression levels of NT5E in DDP‐resistant NSCLC tissues and cells. Additionally, its effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed through NT5E knockdown assays. Finally, RNA sequencing and signaling pathway analyses revealed that NT5E regulates DDP resistance in NSCLC cells through the PI3K‐AKT signaling pathway and analyzed the correlation between the expression of NT5E and survival outcomes in NSCLC patients.Results: NT5E was found to be upregulated in drug‐resistant cells and increased in DDP‐resistant NSCLC tissues and cells. The drug‐resistant genes were primarily involved in cell adhesion and the extracellular matrix. Functional experiments confirmed that the knockdown of NT5E inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Signaling pathway analysis indicated that NT5E mediated the resistance of NSCLC cells to DDP through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, high NT5E expression was found to be negatively correlated with the overall survival of NSCLC patients.Conclusion: NT5E may be a key gene for DDP resistance in NSCLC cells, while its high expression may indicate a poor prognosis for patients. This finding provides important insights for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of drug resistance in lung cancer and serves as a theoretical basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies and drugs.
Factors Associated With the Presence and Severity of Nutritional Impact Symptoms in Individuals With Head and Neck Cancer Before Treatment
Authors: Rosario Thainá C. do , Soares Fabíola L. P. , Soares Louise V. O. , Gallavotti Julia S. N. , Rodrigues Isabela S. , Prado Camila B. do , Podestá Olívia P. G. de , Viana Katia Cirlene G. , Rocha Ricardo M. , Lenzi Jeferson , Podestá José Roberto V. de , Souza Evandro D. de , Haraguchi Fabiano K. , Petarli Glenda B. , Leopoldo André S. , Salaroli Luciane B. 
Published: December 2024

Background: As head and neck cancer (HNC) affects regions directly related to the digestive tract, it is consistently associated with nutritional impact symptoms (NISs), which further reduce food intake and affect nutritional status. Early identification of patients with NIS can assist therapy.Method: This is a cross‐sectional study with HNC patients from a cancer reference hospital. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical, and anthropometric data were collected, along with information on nutritional risk screening and screening for NIS.Results: Cancer in the larynx (p = 0.031) showed a 6.67 lower NIS score than that in the oral cavity. Ex‐smokers (p = 0.019) showed a 5.87 lower NIS score and nutritional risk (p = 0.009) increased NIS scores by 6.15 points.Conclusion: Tumor location, smoking, and the presence of nutritional risk influence the quantity and severity of NIS.
Die Gottesmutter als Schiedsrichterin
Authors: Simon Dieter R. , Reinsch Diether R. 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Among the numerous writings that Psellos left behind, there is small but significant number of legal works. In the speech edited here, which was written und delivered on behalf of Emperor Michael vii Doukas, the focus is on a private arbitration procedure. The unusual and novel aspect lies on the fact that the Virgin Mary herself was appointed as the arbitrator. Psellos provides a detailed description of the approach, course and outgoing of this unique process.
Le travail forcé au Congo (1960–2001): entre décolonisation du droit et vestiges du joug du droit colonial belge
Authors: Via Balole Christian 
Published: December 2024

Summary
This article examines the enduring influence of Belgian colonial law on forced labour in the Congo, particularly in the context of the process of decolonising Congolese law. It demonstrates two key points: first, that remnants of colonial law persisted beyond colonisation, and second, that these remnants shaped the development of new legal frameworks by an independent Congo to perpetuate the exploitations of the Congolese population. The analyses reveal a stark contrast between the pro-independence rhetoric advocating freedom of labour by repealing colonial law and the post-colonial law that continues the subjugation of the Congolese people. Ultimately, the article highlights the damaging influence of the former coloniser, which impeded the new Congolese state’s ability to implement a truly sovereign policy. Conversely, this enduring influence provided a pathway for President Mobutu to seize power and further advance the exploitative economic of the Congo and its people rooted in Belgian colonial law.
Hartmut Rosa and the Megachurch Ministry of Robert H. Schuller
Authors: Martí Gerardo , Mulder Mark T. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ecclesiologists are increasingly turning to the theory of sociologist Hartmut Rosa to resource their analysis of congregations about broader social change. Rosa’s concepts of ‘acceleration’ and ‘resonance’ are especially noteworthy, in addition to his call for the ‘dynamic stabilization’ of organizations, acknowledging greater effort required to maintain the status quo. In our narrative, Rosa’s theorizing is applied to understanding the ecclesial practices of Robert H. Schuller (b.1926 – d.2015), a Dutch Reformed megachurch pastor located in Southern California widely known for his global television program Hour of Power and the church building he named the Crystal Cathedral. Our reading of Rosa applies his theory to analytically describe Schuller’s aggressive and innovative approach to church management and public preaching. Rosa’s theoretical framework articulates Schuller’s ministry philosophy as both shaped by and responding to core elements of modernity, which may be helpful to ecclesially concerned theologians.
Al-Fārābī’s Cosmopolitical Imaginaries
Authors: Hayes Josh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The power of the imagination (al-khayāl) is decisive to the constitution of Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī’s virtuous city. The imagination enables the citizens of the virtuous city to effectively distinguish between certain images as a necessary means to attaining happiness. The imagination is cultivated through a regimen of civic education which prepares citizens to engage in political deliberation. The realization of the virtuous city is determined by the exercise of the imagination beginning with the philosopher-ruler-imām who receives and translates intelligibles (ma‘qūlāt) from the Active Intellect into images (muḥākāt) communicated to the political community. In what follows, we shall seek to demonstrate how the power of the imagination contributes to al-Fārābī’s cosmopolitical imaginary and the inception of his cosmopolitanism.
From Angels to Fighters: Indian Nurses in Germany from the 1960s Till Today
Authors: Wichterich Christa 
Published: December 2024

The article introduces global care chains as migrant labour regimes that represent transnational axes of social reproduction and supply chains in the wake of globalisation. Since the 1960s, attempts have been made to solve the nursing shortage in German hospitals with a spatial fix, the transnational commodification and extraction of care in a cross-border market. In addition to the push and pull factors for this international division of reproductive labour framed by global structures of inequality, the autonomy of migration and the agency of the subjects are also taken into account. Based on biographical interviews, the empirical part compares the first generation of Indian nurses who came to Germany in the 1960s/1970s with those who have immigrated in the last 10 years. The categories analysed are their motivation, recognition, work and workplace, respect and discrimination, transnational family and, finally, their life perspective. The biographical narratives reflect ambivalences and contradictions, 50-year continuities, but also a growing autonomy. Despite massive constraints and marginalisation, they document great achievements in life, work and emancipation.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a single home-based fall prevention program: a prospective observational study based on questionnaires and claims data
Authors: Niedermann Karin , Meichtry André , Zindel Barbara , Ernst Markus J. , Krafft Valérie , Mattli Renato , Nast Irina , Wieser Simon , Wirz Markus , Brunner Beatrice 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Fall prevention programmes are essential interventions in societies with aging populations. This study assessed the fall rate and other health outcomes, as well as the cost-effectiveness of a home-based fall prevention programme for community-dwelling older people. In a single home visit, trained physical or occupational therapists performed fall risk assessments, eliminated environmental risk factors, and provided tailored exercises.

Methods
A prospective, longitudinal observational study was performed with participants of a fall prevention programme who agreed to be followed-up over one year. Baseline data included self-reported falls one month and one year before the intervention. Participants were monitored through bi-monthly telephone calls, assessing their number of falls, fear of falling (using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), quality of life (using the EuroQuol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels, EQ-5D-5L), and physical activity (in minutes per week). Statistical analysis of the data used a Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) Poisson-Modell for number of falls and a Linear Mixed Model (LMM) for fear of falling, quality of life and physical activity. In addition, health insurance claims data were used to compare the number of medically treated falls in the year before and after the intervention, as well as the related healthcare spending. Cost-effectiveness of the programme versus usual care was estimated as cost per prevented medically treated fall.

Results
Overall, 639 person-years of observation time were analyzed. Participants had a mean age of 81.8 years (+/- 5.2) and 59% were female. On average, the fall rate decreased from 1.35 to 1.02 per person-year, or -23.9% (95%CI from -35.92 to -9.67), fear of falling decreased by -1.27 points (95%CI from −1.50 to -1.05), quality of life improved by -0.88 points (95%CI from −1.09 to -0.68), and physical activity increased by 9.87 min per day (95%CI from 5.65 to 14.09). Analysis of claims data showed a 48.0% reduction (95%CI from 30.5% to 61.0%) in medically treated falls. The average cost per prevented medically treated fall was estimated at approximately 1,353 USD, with a 50% probability of the intervention being cost saving.

Conclusions
This fall prevention programme with a single home visit was found to be effective and cost effective. Health policies should establish such a model as a reimbursed standard care to assist in combatting the increasing burden of falls on individuals and societies.