bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An effective elementary school counselor's support of students with disabilities: A case study
Authors: Vilbas Jessica A. , King‐Sears Margaret E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUsing a qualitative single‐case study design, perceptions from multiple stakeholders about how an effective elementary school counselor provides supports for students with disabilities (SWD) were examined. Interviews occurred with a school counselor, a student with a disability, his parent, his general and special educators, and school administrators. Findings are described using an ecological perspective and highlight the roles of an effective school counselor as well as the importance of interactions among the school counselor, parents, teachers, and administrators to support SWD. In addition, unique perspectives were shared by an elementary student with a disability. Implications for school counseling practices and programs are provided.
Time‐varying reliability method based on linearized Nataf transform
Authors: Zhao Yongsheng , Wang Lixia , Wu Hongchao , Chu Hongyan , Yang Congbin , Liu Zhifeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn actual engineering, material properties, load effects, and other factors of mechanical structures change due to long‐term use. In order to understand the operation of a mechanical structure in real time, it is crucial to obtain the dynamic trajectory of its reliability. Considering the time variability of a mechanical structure over time, uncertain random variables are introduced to express the uncertainty of various parameters of structures, and the Wiener process is used to describe the strength degradation process of structures so as to solve the calculation problem of time‐varying reliability of mechanical structures. Based on the advanced first‐order and second moment method (AFOSM), the proposed linearized Nataf change is used to complete the transformation from related nonnormal variables to independent standard normal variables in order to simplify the calculation process of reliability solution and solve the reliability calculation problem of random parameters subjected to arbitrary distribution. The deduced random variable sensitivity factor indicates the degree of influence of different random variables on the reliability of the mechanical structure, providing a theoretical basis for the optimal design and maintenance of a mechanical structure. The proposed method is analyzed using the cantilever beam and compared with the nonlinear Nataf transform and verified by the Monte Carlo simulation results. The results show that the proposed method can effectively solve the reliability sensitivity problem of structural system strength degradation.
Canopy density estimation in perennial horticulture crops using 3D spinning lidar SLAM
Authors: Lowe Thomas , Moghadam Peyman , Edwards Everard , Williams Jason 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe propose a novel, canopy density estimation solution using a three‐dimensional (3D) ray cloud representation for perennial horticultural crops at the field scale. To attain high spatial and temporal fidelity in field conditions, we propose the application of continuous‐time 3D SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) to a spinning lidar payload (AgScan3D) mounted on a moving farm vehicle. The AgScan3D data are processed through a Continuous‐Time SLAM algorithm into a globally registered 3D ray cloud. The global ray cloud is a canonical data format (a digital twin) from which we can compare vineyard snapshots over multiple times within a season and across seasons. Then, the vineyard rows are automatically extracted from the ray cloud and a novel density calculation is performed to estimate the maximum likelihood canopy densities of the vineyard. This combination of digital twinning, together with the accurate extraction of canopy structure information, allows entire vineyards to be analyzed and compared, across the growing season and from year to year. The proposed method is evaluated both in simulation and field experiments. Field experiments were performed at four sites, which varied in vineyard structure and vine management, over two growing seasons and 64 data collection campaigns, resulting in a total traversal of 160 km, 42.4 scanned hectares of vines with a combined total of approximately 93,000 scanned vines. Our experiments show canopy density repeatability of 3.8% (relative root mean square error) per vineyard panel, for acquisition speeds of 5–6 km/h, and under half the standard deviation in estimated densities when compared with an industry standard gap‐fraction based solution. The code and field data sets are available at https://github.com/csiro-robotics/agscan3d.
An automated heterogeneous robotic system for radiation surveys: Design and field testing
Authors: Gabrlik Petr , Lazna Tomas , Jilek Tomas , Sladek Petr , Zalud Ludek 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDuring missions involving radiation exposure, unmanned robotic platforms may embody a valuable tool, especially thanks to their capability of replacing human operators in certain tasks to eliminate the health risks associated with such an environment. Moreover, rapid development of the technology allows us to increase the automation rate, making the human operator generally less important within the entire process. This article presents a multirobotic system designed for highly automated radiation mapping and source localization. Our approach includes a three‐phase procedure comprising sequential deployment of two diverse platforms, namely, an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), to perform aerial photogrammetry, aerial radiation mapping, and terrestrial radiation mapping. The central idea is to produce a sparse dose rate map of the entire study site via the UAS and, subsequently, to perform detailed UGV‐based mapping in limited radiation‐contaminated regions. To accomplish these tasks, we designed numerous methods and data processing algorithms to facilitate, for example, digital elevation model‐based terrain following for the UAS, automatic selection of the regions of interest, obstacle map‐based UGV trajectory planning, and source localization. The overall usability of the multirobotic system was demonstrated by means of a 1‐day, authentic experiment, namely, a fictitious car accident including the loss of several radiation sources. The ability of the system to localize radiation hotspots and individual sources has been verified.
Development and performance evaluation of a machine vision system and an integrated prototype for automated green shoot thinning in vineyards
Authors: Majeed Yaqoob , Karkee Manoj , Zhang Qin , Fu Longsheng , Whiting Matthew D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGreen shoot thinning in vineyards is an essential, perennial operation for maintaining canopy health and optimizing yield and quality of wine grapes. Use of mechanized thinning system, which is essential to reduce labor dependency and associated cost, causes high variability in shoot removal efficiency due to difficulty in precisely positioning the thinning end‐effector along cordon trajectories. Automated/robotic solution for precise positioning of the thinning end‐effector could significantly improve the performance and efficiency of mechanical green shoot thinning. This study presents: (i) a machine vision‐based cordon detection system that can estimate cordon trajectories at different shoot growth stages in a vineyard; and (ii) evaluation of an integrated green shoot thinning system capable of automatically positioning the thinning end‐effector following vine cordon trajectories. The developed machine vision system uses deep learning‐based techniques that could accurately estimate cordon trajectories with root mean square error (RMSE) of 7.3, 10.3, and 16.1 pixels for canopy images captured in 2–4 weeks of shoot growth, respectively. Then, a control strategy was presented for the integrated system, which receives the computed cordon trajectories from machine vision system to automatically position the thinning end‐effector to cordon trajectories. Field evaluations in a research vineyard showed that the integrated system can achieve an RMSE of 1.47 cm in following the cordon trajectories at 6.6 cm·s−1forward speed. Future work will incorporate additional sensing system to detect individual shoot on cordon and integrating it with an existing system to achieve higher level of precision in green shoot thinning.
A framework for stability‐based module detection in correlation graphs
Authors: Tian Mingmei , Blair Rachael Hageman , Mu Lina , Bonner Matthew , Browne Richard , Yu Han 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGraphs can be used to represent the direct and indirect relationships between variables, and elucidate complex relationships and interdependencies. Detecting structure within a graph is a challenging problem. This problem is studied over a range of fields and is sometimes termed community detection, module detection, or graph partitioning. A popular class of algorithms for module detection relies on optimizing a function of modularity to identify the structure. In practice, graphs are often learned from the data, and thus prone to uncertainty. In these settings, the uncertainty of the network structure can become exaggerated by giving unreliable estimates of the module structure. In this work, we begin to address this challenge through the use of a nonparametric bootstrap approach to assessing the stability of module detection in a graph. Estimates of stability are presented at the level of the individual node, the inferred modules, and as an overall measure of performance for module detection in a given graph. Furthermore, bootstrap stability estimates are derived for complexity parameter selection that ultimately defines a graph from data in a way that optimizes stability. This approach is utilized in connection with correlation graphs but is generalizable to other graphs that are defined through the use of dissimilarity measures. We demonstrate our approach using a broad range of simulations and on a metabolomics dataset from the Beijing Olympics Air Pollution study. These approaches are implemented using bootcluster package that is available in the R programming language.
A green ultra‐fast liquid chromatographic method for quantification of curcumin in extract of Curcuma longa L. followed by confirmation via spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Ahmed Mahmood , Ahmad Saghir , Irfan Masooma 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCurcumin is a principle component among the curcuminoids mixture that has diverse pharmacological properties against different phenotypes of various disease models. Present research aimed to extract (Soxhlet extractor), isolate (column chromatography), and identify (thin‐layer chromatography) the curcumin in roots and commercially available turmeric powder, and consequently its confirmation was done by spectroscopic techniques such as infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. Subsequently, its quantification was done by ultrafast liquid chromatography using a green analytical methodology approach. Combination of ethanol and water in a ratio of 95:5 %v/v, was used as a green mobile phase, whereas the detection was set at 425 nm at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The overall run time per sample was 4.0 min with a retention time of 2.22 min, whereas calibration curve was linear from 10 to 60 μg/mL with a coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.9988. The low values of %RSD (<2%) reflect the high precision of the method. Additionally, an assessment of the greenness of the proposed method was carried out using Eco‐scale (penalty points) and national environmental methods index labeling based on a blank or green quadrant of pictogram. The proposed liquid chromatography method showed priority over the reported methods in terms of greenness having Eco‐scale value of 93 and passed the four quadrants of greenness profile.
Performance‐based seismic design of the outrigger of a high‐rise overrun building with asymmetric vertical setback in a strong earthquake area
Authors: Huang Xin , Lv Yang , Chen Yu , Qi Lin , Zhu Xu‐dong , Hu Xue‐ying 
Published: January 2021

SummaryOutriggers, which should be systematically analyzed and designed based on seismic performance methods in the different seismic level actions, can improve the lateral stiffness of irregular high‐rise structures. In this paper, a concrete‐filled steel frame‐core tube‐outrigger structural system is adopted for a practical overrun high‐rise building with an obviously asymmetrical vertical setback in a high‐intensity seismic region. To ensure the seismic safety of irregular high‐rise building structures, the members of the outrigger are designed based on the seismic performance analysis method, and the complex joint region and slab of the outrigger floor are also refined and analyzed. In addition, the effect of outrigger on the damage states of the structural and member is evaluated using the elastic–plastic analysis method in the rare earthquake action. Finally, the seismic mitigation efficiency of the high‐rise structure with the viscous dampers installed on the outrigger floor is analyzed. The results indicate that the member size of the outrigger should be determined based on the performance objectives of the moderate earthquake action rather than the frequent earthquake action. The shear force distribution ratio of the outer frame located at the outrigger floor is obviously amplified, which shows that the cooperative bearing ability of the outer frame and the core tube is improved because of the outrigger action. The stress in the complex joint region of the outrigger, which satisfies the material strength requirement, is analyzed by the refined finite element analysis method. The slab of the outrigger floor, which should be strengthened to effectively transfer larger horizontal seismic shear force, has obvious damage in the rare earthquake action. The region of the structure with an outrigger that experiences significant damage in the rare earthquake action is located at the outrigger floor and adjacent upper domains rather than the bottom domains, which is different from that of a structure without an outrigger. The internal force of the outrigger member can be reduced by considering viscous damper action, but the seismic mitigation efficiency is not significant because of the limited number of dampers.
Triptycene End‐Capping as Strategy in Materials Chemistry to Control Crystal Packing and Increase Solubility
Authors: Ueberricke Lucas , Mastalerz Michael 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn materials chemistry of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) the kind of aggregation and the spatial arrangement of the π‐planes are of utmost importance, e. g. for charge transport properties. Unfortunately, controlling these during crystallization is not trivial. In the past decade, we have introduced one‐fold triptycene end‐capping of quinoxalinophenanthrophenazines (QPPs) and other related structures to overcome this problem. When two instead of one triptycene end‐caps are introduced, packing is largely suppressed, making typical PACs or pigments soluble in common organic solvents – which is another important property for such compounds to be processable from solution. In this account an overview of our research on using triptycene end‐capping as dual strategy is given.
Right‐sided congestive heart failure secondary to supraventricular tachycardia in a dog with a right atrial mass
Authors: Basili Mattia , Dukes‐McEwan Joanna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA dog was referred to the authors’ hospital for further investigations of pelvic limb collapsing episodes. Physical examination revealed a positive hepatojugular reflux, positive fluid thrill on abdominal palpation and an irregular heart rhythm (144 bpm) with pulse deficits. A six‐lead ECG showed focal atrial tachycardia. Doppler echocardiography revealed systolic dysfunction, dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype and the presence of a heterogeneous mass in the right atrium; this was confirmed by a CT study. Free abdominal fluid was detected, sampled and analysed: this was consistent with modified transudate secondary to right‐sided congestive heart failure. The dog responded well to heart failure and anti‐arrhythmic medications. He was presented eight weeks after development of respiratory signs (cough). Investigations revealed stable cardiac disease but several radiopaque nodules within the lung parenchyma compatible with metastatic disease. Ten weeks after presentation, the dog was euthanised due to worsening of the respiratory signs.
Cyclic response of insulated steel angle brackets used for cross-laminated timber connections
Authors: Kržan Meta , Azinović Boris 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn cross-laminated timber (CLT) buildings, in order to reduce the disturbing transmission of sound over the flanking parts, special insulation layers are used between the CLT walls and slabs, together with insulated angle-bracket connections. However, the influence of such CLT connections and insulation layers on the seismic resistance of CLT structures has not yet been studied. In this paper, experimental investigation on CLT panels installed on insulation bedding and fastened to the CLT floor using an innovative, insulated, steel angle bracket, are presented. The novelty of the investigated angle-bracket connection is, in addition to the sound insulation, its resistance to both shear as well as uplift forces as it is intended to be used instead of traditional angle brackets and hold-down connections to simplify the construction. Therefore, monotonic and cyclic tests on the CLT wall-to-floor connections were performed in shear and tensile/compressive load direction. Specimens with and without insulation under the angle bracket and between the CLT panels were studied and compared. Tests of insulated specimens have proved that the insulation has a marginal influence on the load-bearing capacity; however, it significantly influences the stiffness characteristics. In general, the experiments have shown that the connection could also be used for seismic resistant CLT structures, although some minor improvements should be made.
Contaminant characterization in wetland media surrounding a pulp mill industrial effluent treatment facility
Authors: Quanz Meaghan E. , Walker Tony R. , Oakes Ken , Willis Rob 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThree media (sediment, surface water, and dragonfly larvae tissue) were collected from wetlands surrounding an industrial effluent treatment facility prior to closure. Samples were analyzed for metals, total mercury, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) concentrations. Sediment and surface water concentrations were compared to provincial and federal guidelines, as well as reference wetland concentrations. Exceedances of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, and PCDD/PCDF guidelines were found in deeper areas of wetlands historically contaminated from effluent, as well as wetlands exposed to current effluent inputs. Composite Libellulidae samples were collected from wetlands, and comparisons were made to reference tissue concentrations + 20%. Elevated As, Cu and Pb tissue concentrations were measured at two site wetlands, but total mercury (THg) and PCDD/PCDF reference tissue concentrations were higher than wetlands near the effluent treatment facility. Spearman rho tests identified a significant correlation between sediment and tissue Pb concentrations and between surface water and sediment THg concentrations. Results suggest relatively low ecological risk to macroinvertebrates within wetlands near the effluent treatment facility from current effluent inputs, and highlight strengths and weaknesses of federal and provincial guidelines.
Screening of sleep apnea based on heart rate variability and long short-term memory
Authors: Iwasaki Ayako , Nakayama Chikao , Fujiwara Koichi , Sumi Yukiyoshi , Matsuo Masahiro , Kano Manabu , Kadotani Hiroshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a prevalent sleep disorder in which apnea and hypopnea occur frequently during sleep and result in increase of the risk of lifestyle-related disease development as well as daytime sleepiness. Although SAS is a common sleep disorder, most patients remain undiagnosed because the gold standard test polysomnography (PSG), is high-cost and unavailable in many hospitals. Thus, an SAS screening system that can be used easily at home is needed.

Methods
Apnea during sleep affects changes in the autonomic nervous function, which causes fluctuation of the heart rate. In this study, we propose a new SAS screening method that combines heart rate measurement and long short-term memory (LSTM) which is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN). We analyzed the data of intervals between adjacent R waves (R-R interval; RRI) on the electrocardiogram (ECG) records, and used an LSTM model whose inputs are the RRI data is trained to discriminate the respiratory condition during sleep.

Results
The application of the proposed method to clinical data showed that it distinguished between patients with moderate-to-severe SAS with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%, results which are superior to any other existing SAS screening methods.

Conclusion
Since the RRI data can be easily measured by means of wearable heart rate sensors, our method may prove to be useful as an SAS screening system at home.
An exceptional occurrence of deep-sea sponges in the region of former Larsen Ice Shelves, Antarctic Peninsula, with the description of two new species
Authors: Buskowiak Daniel , Janussen Dorte 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTwo new species of deep-sea sponges from the Weddell Sea are described. Both are new to science: a carnivorous Demospongiae species Abyssocladia antarctica sp. nov. and a Hexactinellida species Caulophacus leonieae sp. nov., the latter characterized by a new type of microscleres. Both were sampled at the former Larsen Ice Shelf region, Antarctic Peninsula, that was covered by ice until recent breakup events started in 1995. Abyssocladia Lévi, 1964 and Caulophacus Schulze, 1886 are well-known genera in the deep sea but were discovered here at only 200–300 m depths. The findings support the hypothesis that deep-sea and sub-shelf environments provide similar life conditions. These discoveries should urge us to further investigate areas of disintegrated Antarctic shelf ice as soon as possible, since new trophic conditions may have a severe impact on biodiversity and faunal composition.
A new deep-sea hot vent stalked barnacle from the Mariana Trough with notes on the feeding ecology of Vulcanolepas
Authors: Watanabe Hiromi Kayama , Chen Chong , Chan Benny K. K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA new species of deep-sea neolepadid stalked barnacle, Vulcanolepas verenaesp. nov., is described from Hafa Adai hydrothermal vent field in the Mariana back-arc basin, northwest Pacific. Vulcanolepas verenaesp. nov. is differentiated from other described species in the family morphologically by a mandible with a very small first tooth and small, non-protruding peduncular scales. Its gross external morphology exhibits a range of plasticity, similar to those previously reported from other neolepadid stalked barnacles. This is the first report of the genus Vulcanolepas in the northern hemisphere, and we discuss the phylogeography of Neolepadidae with a phylogenetic reconstruction based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. We also discuss the relationship between key morphological characteristics and the feeding habits in the family, showing that, a number of Vulcanolepas species including Vulcanolepas verenaesp. nov. are specialized in culturing filamentous bacteria on their cirri.