bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of a compressive mass causes a transient disruption of blood-brain barrier but a long-term recovery of spiny stellate neurons in the rat somatosensory cortex
Authors: Yeh Tzu-Yin , Liu Pei-Hsin 
Published: April 2021

Background: In the cranial cavity, a space-occupying mass such as epidural hematoma usually leads to compression of brain. Removal of a large compressive mass under the cranial vault is critical to the patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether and to what extent epidural decompression of the rat primary somatosensory cortex affects the underlying microvessels, spiny stellate neurons and their afferent fibers. Methods: Rats received epidural decompression with preceding 1-week compression by implantation of a bead. The thickness of cortex was measured using brain coronal sections. The permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) was assessed by Evans Blue and immunoglobulin G extravasation. The dendrites and dendritic spines of the spiny stellate neurons were revealed by Golgi-Cox staining and analyzed. In addition, the thalamocortical afferent (TCA) fibers in the cortex were illustrated using anterograde tracing and examined. Results: The cortex gradually regained its thickness over time and became comparable to the sham group at 3 days after decompression. Although the diameter of cortical microvessels were unaltered, a transient disruption of the BBB was observed at 6 hours and 1 day after decompression. Nevertheless, no brain edema was detected. In contrast, the dendrites and dendritic spines of the spiny stellate neurons and the TCA fibers were markedly restored from 2 weeks to 3 months after decompression. Conclusions: Epidural decompression caused a breakdown of the BBB, which was early-occurring and short-lasting. In contrast, epidural decompression facilitated a late-onset and prolonged recovery of the spiny stellate neurons and their afferent fibers.
The impact of the epidemic of Heine-Medina disese on the development of rehabilitation in Poland
Authors: Migała M , Skolik B , Jandziś S 
Published: April 2021

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br />The work presents pioneering activities of Polish orthopedists in the interwar period who were the first to propose methods of surgical and physical treatment of the effects of poliomyelitis. It also discusses the activities undertaken by the Ministry of Health and the National Rehabilitation Specialist, prof Wiktor Dega, in the early 1950s in order to fight the effects of the Heine-Medin disease epidemic in Poland. They worked on the creation of a network of rehabilitation centres throughout the country, training of medical personnel, development of uniform procedures that would provide the patient with appropriate treatment in the acute state of the disease and during the following years of its consequences. In addition to treating, it was possible for the sick children to get a profession that would allow them to start working. The authors show that dealing with the effects of Heine-Medin disease had a significant impact on the development of rehabilitation in Poland.</p>
<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE</strong><br />Praca przedstawia prekursorskie działania ortopedów polskich w okresie międzywojennym, którzy jako pierwsi zaproponowali metody leczenia operacyjnego i fizykalnego skutków poliomyelitis. Omawia także działania podjęte przez Ministerstwo Zdrowia i Krajowego Specjalistę ds. Rehabilitacji prof. Wiktora Degę na początku lat 50. XX w. w celu walki ze skutkami epidemii choroby Heinego-Medina w Polsce. Dotyczyły one powstania sieci ośrodków rehabilitacyjnych na terenie całego kraju, szkolenia personelu medycznego, wypracowania jednolitej metody powstępowania, zapewniającą choremu właściwe leczenie usprawniające w ostrym stanie choroby oraz w ciągu trwającego wiele lat jej następstw. Poza leczeniem, chorym dzieciom stworzono możliwość zdobycia zawodu umożliwiającego podjęcie pracy zawodowej. Autorzy wykazali, że leczenie skutków choroby Heinego-Medina wpłynęło w znaczący sposób na rozwoju rehabilitacji w Polsce.</p>
Prevalence and Demographic of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Cases In Haji Adam Malik Hospital From 2018-2019
Authors: Irsyad Muhammad Ari , Hutagalung Tommy Rizky , Farhan Luthfi , Tala Muhammad Ihsan Zulkarnain 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents as cerebral parenchymal bleeding that may also extend into ventricular (IVH). ICH, as a stroke subtype, is associated with poor neurological outcome as well as high mortality in 40% cases. Hypertension is the main and the most common risk factor in the development of ICH, particularly in the basal ganglia, thalamus, pons and deep cerebellar white matter. Hypertensive ICH in these localizations are particularly common in patients with chronic hypertension and they are not in compliance with blood pressure management. Other risk factor such as smoking and diabetes meilitus.
Case Report: This retrospective study reviewed patient who were diagnosed with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage from January 2018 until December 2019 at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan,Indonesia. The patient’s demographic data and number of cases are collected. There were 163 cases of pure spontaneous ICH and 159 cases of Spontaneous ICH with IVH were among the total cases of ICH from 2018 to 2019.
Discussion: Based on data at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from 2018 to 2019,there are differences in the number of men and women proportion in the incident of pure ICH , for men who are 110 people around 67% while in women it is 53 people or about 32%. The incidence also higher in diabetes meilitus and smoking patient.
Conclusion: We reported 163 cases of pure ICH and 159 cases of ICH with IVH. Based on demographic examination, male are dominant about 67% of total cases. Based on the biggest risk factors in patients with spontaneous ICH are hypertension, in the case of spontaneous ICH with IVH the biggest risk factor was smoking.
De pinos y motosierras: revisión crítica al aprovechamiento forestal comunal en San Jerónimo Coatlán, Oaxaca
Authors: Pérez Ríos Edgar 
Published: April 2021

El aprovechamiento forestal en México es posible gracias a que, según la Comisión Nacional Forestal (CONAFOR), aproximadamente la tercera parte del territorio nacional está ocupado por superficie forestal arbolada. A través de iniciativas comunales diversos pueblos indígenas han incursionado en el aprovechamiento forestal, mostrando una capacidad de agencia sobre sus recursos maderables. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la organización e impacto de una de estas iniciativas en el Municipio zapoteco de San Jerónimo Coatlán (MSJC), en la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, desde una perspectiva etnográfica con apoyo de fuentes documentales locales, además de charlas con comuneros del Municipio.Los principales resultados muestran que a mediados del siglo XX, diversas empresas privadas poseían concesiones para explotar los bosques, pero a finales del siglo se crean comités locales para el aprovechamiento forestal desde la propia comunidad. A partir de entonces se reconfigura la relación entre el bosque/territorio y la comunidad.
Bienes comunes, conservación ambiental y economía campesina. Un estudio de caso en el Parque Nacional Cofre de Perote, Veracruz, México
Authors: Vallejo Román Janett , Rodríguez Torrent Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2021

En México, el decreto de Áreas Naturales Protegidas constituye una de las principales iniciativas gubernamentales en torno a la conservación ambiental, asumiéndola como una de las herramientas más efectivas para la conservación de los ecosistemas, frenar la expansión de la frontera agrícola y otorgar identidad a lugares seleccionados. Reconociendo que cada área de conservación tiene particularidades ambientales, económicas, sociales e históricas, el objetivo de este artículo es discutir las tensiones que se produce entre el rango de “bien común” sujeto a la normativa de Área Nacional Protegida y poblaciones locales que hacen uso de la naturaleza. Para ello, tomamos como estudio de caso el Parque Nacional Cofre de Perote, Veracruz, México, analizando etnográficamente las contraposiciones discursivas y prácticas entre quienes habitan y quienes designan, planean, organizan y toman el control de las ANP, y las posibilidades de hacer uso sostenible de recursos.
Neuro-Culture Interaction in Specific Brain Region of Immigrants: The Effect of Historical and Current Exposure from the Majority Culture
Authors: Yusoff Nasir , Reza Faruque 
Published: April 2021

Ethnic majority culture (i.e. Malay) has given much influence on the biological and psychosocial aspect of immigrants in Malaysia. This study aims to examine the neuro-culture interaction among immigrants (historical and current immigrant) with regards to their emotional response towards Malay cultural heritage visualization. The Event Related Potential technique was used to explore the neural activity of the mental and emotional processes in response to specific culture-related stimuli. A modified oddball paradigm was applied in the presentation of the visual stimulus that was set-up in the e-prime program. Significant neuro-culture interaction was observed in the temporal area (T6) of the brain which was consistent in P300 and N200 amplitude. Current immigrants indicated significant lower P300 and N200 amplitudes, as compared to majority ethnicity (i.e. Malay). Long- and short-term exposure to cultural environment has an important consequence in the psycho-biological system.
Design of a Data Logging System for a Small Scale Hydrokinetic Turbine
Authors: RINGGAU DIANA ANAK 
Published: April 2021

A suitable data logger is needed for data collection to demonstrate the practicality of Hydrokinetic Turbine (HKT) in a rural application. Currently, commercial data loggers are expensive and consume extensive amounts of energy. The high cost is due to the sophisticated applications or features embedded together with the loggers. However, some of these features are not necessarily needed in Borneo's rural area due to limited power supply and an absence of internet access. Therefore, in this study, a data logger was designed according to Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to feed the specific or critical parameters and applications that suit HKT's data collection. The logger was calibrated and tested in a laboratory. The practicality of the data logger was also verified in a field test. An automatic data-file creation capability was developed, and a Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC) memory card was chosen to provide high storage capacity. Besides that, the logger was designed with low energy consumption and lightweight. The results showed that the error of voltage divider, propeller type current meter and rotational speed meter were within 1%, whereas, 5% of error was observed at the current transducer. Therefore, the data logger demonstrated an acceptable behaviour of the logging performance test.
Uji Validitas Kuesioner Fonseca dalam Menilai Gangguan Temporomandibula (TMD) pada Karyawan Universitas YARSI
Authors: Umniyati Helwiah 
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Salah satu nyeri orofasial yang sering dikeluhkan pasien seperti sakit kepala, nyeri di sekitar leher, nyeri pada wajah dan telinga adalah gangguan temporomandibula / temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Biasanya pasien tidak menyadari tanda dan gejala gangguan temporomandibula. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi TMD, seperti trauma oklusi, gigi tanggal, kebiasaan buruk dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji validitas kuesioner Fonseca dalam menilai gangguan temporomandibula (TMD), dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan klinis pada karyawan Universitas YARSI. Bahan dan Metode Penelitian: Dilakukan studi analitik cross sectional dengan sampel 225 karyawan Universitas YARSI. Kami menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling. Data dievaluasi menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil: Ditemukan prevalensi TMD dengan pemeriksaan klinis lebih tinggi dibandingkan kuesioner Fonseca yaitu 57,8% dan 50,7%. Kebanyakan dari sampel mengalami TMD ringan. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara TMD berdasarkan kuesioner Fonseca dan TMD dengan pemeriksaan klinis (p 0,05). Berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis, tidak didapatkan perbedaan TMD berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia responden dan status gigi hilang. Hanya pendidikan dan status pekerjaan yang memiliki hubungan bermakna. Pada uji validitas hasil kuisioner dan pemeriksaan klinis didapatkan sensitivitas 65% dan spesifisitas 71%. Simpulan: Kuisioner Fonseca merupakan alat yang cukup baik untuk skrining gangguan pada temporomandibular (TMD) di masyarakat, mungkin perlu memodifikasi pertanyaan agar dapat meningkatkan validitas.
Hukum Utama Dalam Mempersiapkan Khotbah
Authors: Wau Hasanema 
Published: April 2021

A sermon today (here) is built from a text written thousands of years ago and addressed to a specific person or community. Serious efforts are needed to bridge the cultural gap between today's readers and first readers. Two temptations to watch out for: first, focus on exploring and describing various historical arguments. The sermon focuses on patterns of interpretation of the biblical texts relating to the past in the area of ​​Israel and beyond. Second, the focus is to be relevant, so that it ignores what the author intends, what is understood by the recipient of the letter. The Scriptures are not a letter that is only able to be solved by an expert in a line of academic degrees. On the one hand it must find out the meaning of the text (for writers and readers), on the other hand it must find principles that can be applied now and here. Balance is a demand! The Word of God speaks to all generations, so it is not enough to rediscover the original meaning of a passage without describing the significance of the passage for today.
Abstrak Indonesia
Sebuah khotbah hari ini (di sini) dibangun dari teks yang ditulis ribuan tahun yang lalu dan ditujukan kepada orang atau komunitas tertentu. Upaya serius diperlukan untuk menjembatani kesenjangan budaya antara pembaca saat ini dan pembaca pertama. Dua godaan yang harus diwaspadai: pertama, fokus mengeksplorasi dan mendeskripsikan berbagai argumen sejarah. Khotbah berfokus pada pola penafsiran teks-teks alkitabiah yang berkaitan dengan masa lalu di wilayah Israel dan sekitarnya. Kedua, fokusnya harus relevan, sehingga mengabaikan maksud penulis, apa yang dipahami penerima surat. Kitab Suci bukanlah surat yang hanya bisa diselesaikan oleh seorang ahli di bidang akademis. Di satu sisi harus mencari tahu makna teks (bagi penulis dan pembaca), di sisi lain harus menemukan prinsip-prinsip yang bisa diterapkan sekarang dan di sini. Keseimbangan adalah permintaan Firman Tuhan berbicara kepada semua generasi, jadi tidaklah cukup untuk menemukan kembali arti asli dari suatu bagian tanpa menjelaskan pentingnya bagian tersebut untuk hari ini.
Tinjauan Kritis Terhadap Ajaran Fredrich Schleiermacher Dalam Hubungannya Doktrin Dasar Kristen
Authors: Titus Titus 
Published: April 2021

God created man with many uniqueness from all other types of creation, one of which is the ability to think and reason about something. The purpose of this uniqueness is for humans to become divine partners in protecting and caring for the earth and what is in it. But unfortunately that uniqueness is tainted by because man's own disobedience to God's prohibition in the Garden of Eden.Even so, the human ability to think and reason is not lost. Humans are given the opportunity to work to work on this damaged earth even with pain. This ability to think continues to develop in great works and has become an icon of human civilized history. seen from historical buildings, but also through thoughts that can influence the challenges in people's lives, that is the fruit of the uniqueness of human thought that was created by God.Human thought that has developed over a period of time has become a disaster, where God is no longer needed in the modern world, the rise of liberal theology brings out the power of intellectual thought and intuition. The purity of Christian teachings has become relative and dragged into a vortex of increasingly sharp criticism. Can the Bible dim the teaching deviations, straighten out the understanding that has been dragged into corrupted rationale.
Abstrak Indonesia
Tuhan menciptakan manusia dengan banyak keunikan dari segala jenis ciptaan lainnya, salah satunya adalah kemampuan untuk berpikir dan menalarkan sesuatu.Tujuan dari keunikan itu adalah supaya manusia menjadi mitra Ilahi dalam menjaga dan memelihara bumi serta yang ada di dalamnya.Tetapi sayang keunikan itu tercemar oleh karena ketidaktaatan manusia itu sendiri terhadapan larangan Allah di Taman Eden. Walaupun demikian kemampuan manusia untuk berpikir dan bernalar tidak hilang, manusia diberi kesempatan untuk berkarya mengusahakan bumi yang sudah rusak itu meskipun dengan bersusah payah.Kemampuan berpikir itu terus berkembang dalam sebuah karya-karya besar dan menjadi ikon sejarah beradaban manusia.Karya agung itu bukan hanya terlihat dari bangunan-bangunan bersejarah, tetapi juga melalui pemikiran-pemikiran yang dapat mempengaruhi tantanan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, itulah buah dari keunikan pemikiran manusia yang diciptakan Allah. Pemikiran manusia yang semakin berkembang dalam kurun waktu tertentu menjadi petaka, dimana Allah menjadi tidak diperlukan lagi dalam dunia modern, kebangkitan teologi liberal menyuguhkan kekuatan pemikiran intelektual dan intuisi. Kemurnian ajaran Kristen menjadi menjadi relative dan terseret dalam pusaran kritik yang semakin tajam.Mampukah Alkitab meredupkan penyimpangan pengajaran, meluruskan pemahaman yang terseret dalam rasional yang tercemar.
Women With Diabetes Are at Increased Relative Risk of Heart Failure Compared to Men: Insights From UK Biobank
Authors: Chadalavada Sucharitha , Jensen Magnus T. , Aung Nay , Cooper Jackie , Lekadir Karim , Munroe Patricia B. , Petersen Steffen E. 
Published: April 2021

Aims: To investigate the effect of diabetes on mortality and incident heart failure (HF) according to sex, in the low risk population of UK Biobank. To evaluate potential contributing factors for any differences seen in HF end-point.Methods: The entire UK Biobank study population were included. Participants that withdrew consent or were diagnosed with diabetes after enrolment were excluded from the study. Univariate and multivariate cox regression models were used to assess endpoints of mortality and incident HF, with median follow-up periods of 9 years and 8 years respectively.Results: A total of 493,167 participants were included, hereof 22,685 with diabetes (4.6%). Two thousand four hundred fifty four died and 1,223 were diagnosed or admitted with HF during the follow up periods of 9 and 8 years respectively. Overall, the mortality and HF risk were almost doubled in those with diabetes compared to those without diabetes (hazard ratio (HR) of 1.9 for both mortality and heart failure) in the UK Biobank population. Women with diabetes (both types) experience a 22% increased risk of HF compared to men (HR of 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) vs. 1.8 (1.7–2.0) respectively). Women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) were associated with 88% increased risk of HF compared to men (HR 4.7 (3.6–6.2) vs. 2.5 (2.0–3.0) respectively), while the risk of HF for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was 17% higher in women compared to men (2.0 (1.7–2.3) vs. 1.7 (1.6–1.9) respectively). The increased risk of HF in women was independent of confounding factors. The findings were similar in a model with all-cause mortality as a competing risk. This interaction between sex, diabetes and outcome of HF is much more prominent for T1DM (p = 0.0001) than T2DM (p = 0.1).Conclusion: Women with diabetes, particularly those with T1DM, experience a greater increase in risk of heart failure compared to men with diabetes, which cannot be explained by the increased prevalence of cardiac risk factors in this cohort.
Slc20a2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Multisystem Abnormalities and Impaired Spatial Learning Memory and Sensorimotor Gating but Normal Motor Coordination Abilities
Authors: Ren Yaqiong , Shen Yuqi , Si Nuo , Fan Shiqi , Zhang Yi , Xu Wanhai , Shi Lei , Zhang Xue 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPrimary familial brain calcification (PFBC, OMIM#213600), also known as Fahr’s disease, is a rare autosomal dominant or recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bilateral and symmetrical microvascular calcifications affecting multiple brain regions, particularly the basal ganglia (globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen) and thalamus. The most common clinical manifestations include cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric signs, and movement disorders. Loss-of-function mutations inSLC20A2are the major genetic causes of PFBC.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whetherSlc20a2knockout mice could recapitulate the dynamic processes and patterns of brain calcification and neurological symptoms in patients with PFBC. We comprehensively evaluated brain calcifications and PFBC-related behavioral abnormalities inSlc20a2-deficient mice.MethodsBrain calcifications were analyzed using classic calcium-phosphate staining methods. The Morris water maze, Y-maze, and fear conditioning paradigms were used to evaluate long-term spatial learning memory, working memory, and episodic memory, respectively. Sensorimotor gating was mainly assessed using the prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex program. Spontaneous locomotor activity and motor coordination abilities were evaluated using the spontaneous activity chamber, cylinder test, accelerating rotor-rod, and narrowing balance beam tests.ResultsSlc20a2homozygous knockout (Slc20a2-HO) mice showed congenital and global developmental delay, lean body mass, skeletal malformation, and a high proportion of unilateral or bilateral eye defects. Brain calcifications were detected in the hypothalamus, ventral thalamus, and midbrain early at postnatal day 80 inSlc20a2-HO mice, but were seldom found inSlc20a2heterozygous knockout (Slc20a2-HE) mice, even at extremely old age.Slc20a2-HO mice exhibited spatial learning memory impairments and sensorimotor gating deficits while exhibiting normal working and episodic memories. The general locomotor activity, motor balance, and coordination abilities were not statistically different betweenSlc20a2-HO and wild-type mice after adjusting for body weight, which was a major confounding factor in our motor function evaluations.ConclusionThe human PFBC-related phenotypes were highly similar to those inSlc20a2-HO mice. Therefore,Slc20a2-HO mice might be suitable for the future evaluation of neuropharmacological intervention strategies targeting cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments.