bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Target Autocrop Function in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma SIB IMRT Plan
Authors: Duan Xiaojuan , chen Lu , Zhou Yibing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
A new target autocrop function was introduced in the Varian Eclipse™ treatment planning software (version 15.5 above). The study aimed to evaluate this new target autocrop impact on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) plan quality and delivery efficiency.
Methods
Randomly 66 approved NPC simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment plans were retrospectively studied. The manual cropping-based plans served as reference and were designed using sliding-window IMRT. Reference plans were re-optimized with identical planning parameters following the institutional clinical protocol except for the optimization objective of the manual cropping targets deleted. Additionally, each target within 5mm of another had one lower objective at 100% volume and one upper objective at 0% volume for the autocrop plans. Plan quality was assessed based on selected parameters, including TCP (tumor control probability), NTCP (normal tissue complication probability), conformality index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), and dose-volume characteristics. Additionally, the delivery efficiency, the total plan treatment time defined as a sum of monitor units (MUs) for each treated field, and delivery accuracy, γ passing rate of treatment plan quality assurance (QA) also were compared.
Results
Both the manual cropping plans and the autocrop plans could be approved by an experienced oncologist. Overall, the autocrop plans could provide approximately a 13% reduction in linac MU while maintaining comparable plan quality, radiobiological ranking, and accuracy to that of the manual cropping plans.
Conclusions
The new target autocrop tip facilitated the SIB IMRT plans for nasopharyngeal cancer patients. The autocrop could guarantee the quality and delivery accuracy of the radiotherapy plan, improved the planning efficiency, treatment efficiency, and reduced machine wear and tear. It was a promising tool for optimal plan selection for NPC SIB IMRT.
All-fiber ultrafast image detection enabled by deep learning
Authors: Liu Zhoutian , Wang Lele , Meng Yuan , He Tiantian , He Sifeng , Yang Yousi , Wang Liuyue , Tian Jiading , Li Dan , Yan Ping , Gong Mali , Liu Qiang , Xiao Qirong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Detection of dynamical scenes at ultrafast speeds serves as a foundation for modern engineering, chemistry, material science and biomedicine, et al. For biomedical applications, in vivo microscopic imaging is often required, which has led to the development of fiber-probe-based endoscopy. However, the combination of ultrafast image acquiring with fiber endoscopy has not yet been achieved, which is vital for exploration of transient biomedical phenomena. Here, we propose a scheme of all-fiber image detection at an ultrafast speed without any free-space optical elements. Image detection is achieved based on the transformation of two-dimensional spatial information into one-dimensional temporal pulsed signal streams by leveraging the high intermodal dispersion in a multimode fiber. Deep learning algorithms are subsequently deployed to reconstruct the images detected by the fiber probe from the temporal waveforms acquired at the other end of the fiber. The fiber probe can directly detect micron-scale objects without any bulk objective, and image detection has been experimentally realized with a high frame rate (15 Mfps), a large frame depth (104) and extremely short shutter time (30 ps) simultaneously. This ultrafast detection scheme, combined with high mechanical flexibility and high level of integration, can stimulate future research on exploring various in-vivo ultrafast phenomena.
Morphological And Molecular Identification of Double Flowered Stock (Matthiola Incana R. Br) Cultivars With High Fertility
Authors: Ho Un-Hyang , Ri Jong-Hyang , Ri Chol-Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Garden stock (Matthiola incana R. Br.) is a commercially important horticultural crop owing to its ornamental effect. There are different stock cultivars varied in color and shape, especially flowered phenotype is an essential index evaluating its commercial value, because double flowered cultivars have more brilliant flowers compared to single flowered one. The present work aimed: (1) to make superior cultivars with different colors, high fertility, being capable of early selecting only double flowered seedlings by leaf color and to investigate morphological characteristics and (2) to select RAPD and ISSR primers for the cultivar certification and identification to culture and produce good commercial stock cultivars. Here we obtained new double flowered stock cultivars with different colors including pink, pale pink and white, through outcrossing between “white” cultivar (high fertile but unable to select double flower phenotype) and “pink” cultivar (vice. versa). Among newly obtained stock cultivars, single and double flower seedlings are distinguishable from each other by leaf color, having about 70% of fertility. Moreover RAPD and ISSR markers selected in this study can be applied to identify different stock cultivars in seed production, culture and to establish cultivar certification system.
Application of Fuzzy Best Worse Multi Criteria Decision Making Method for Flood Prioritization
Authors: Meshram Sarita Gajbhiye , Ildoromi Ali reza , Sepehri Mehdi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Flood is one of the major problems of the sad ekbatan watershed, northern of Hamadan province, Iran. This problem imposes high damages to the economic issue. Therefore, prioritization of the study area based on the flooding degree can be considered for identifying hot spot flooded areas for performing soil and water conservation practices. In this study, in order to prioritize sub-watersheds of the case study from viewpoint of flooding degree, five flood-related criteria i.e. entropy of drainage network (En), index of connectivity (IC), stream power index (SPI), curvature (C) and curve number (CN) were considered, then fuzzy based Best Worse Multi Criteria Decision Making (F-BWM) Method was used to assigning weights to used criteria and combination them to achieve flooding degree for each sub-watershed. The results of prioritization of sub-watersheds indicated that the sub-watersheds 14 and 21 are most and least susceptibility areas to flooding correspondingly.
Atomic Non-Locality Dynamics of Two Moving Atoms In A Hybrid Nonlinear System: Concurrence, Uncertainty-Induced Non-Locality And Bell Inequality
Authors: Mohamed A.-B. A. , Khalil E.M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper explores the non-locality dynamics of two moving atoms in a hybrid nonlinear system, which describes a nondegenerate parametric amplifier cavity containing two moving atoms with Stark shift interactions. Based on the Bell function, uncertainty-induced non-locality and concurrence, the two moving atomic non-locality is calculated numerically, when the cavity is filled initially by pair coherent fields. The results showed that the hybrid nonlinear qubit-cavity interactions have a high ability to generating quantum correlations. The amount of the generated quantum correlation can be improved and accelerated significantly with the increase of the time-dependent qubit location parameter. The increase of the Stark shift ratio and the difference between the mean-number photons of the two cavity fields leads to a clear deterioration of the generated quantum correlation.
Removal of Sulfur Dioxide by Carbon Impregnated with Triethylenediamine, Using Indigenously Developed Pilot Scale Setup
Authors: Kiani Sidra Shaoor , Ullah Atif , Farooq Amjad , Ahmad Masroor , Irfan Naseem , Nawaz Mohsan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In order to provide protection against extremely toxic gases Activated Carbon (AC) adsorption has long been regarded to be a useful technology in terms of gas removal. AC without chemical impregnation has been considerably less effective than impregnated ACs. AC in present use was modified with an organic amine i.e. triethylenediamine (TEDA) to enhance the physical and chemical properties of AC in order to remove specific poisonous gases. Purpose of this study was to assess the TEDA impregnated AC in terms of adsorption capability for simulant gas like SO2. Analysis was done in a properly designed setup. By using the scheme reported here, significant adsorption of toxic gas was obtained. Maximum removal capability observed by AC-4 for SO2 gas was 3.74 g/g-C and its breakthrough time was 264 minutes. Breakthrough time and adsorption capacity of AC-4 was found to be 25 times and 10 times greater as compared to raw AC. Different characterization techniques were also used to study impregnated AC. It was found that chemical adsorption was the crucial means by which TEDA impregnated AC removed the simulant gas. Langmuir model was best to represent equilibrium and adsorption kinetics follow second order model. The process was endothermic, favorable and spontaneous.
Fluctuations in Waist Circumference Increase the Risk of Diabetes in 61,587 Older Adults: 4 Years’ Chort Study
Authors: Wu Linna , Liu Hongyan , Cui Zhuang , Hou Fang , Gong Xiaowen , Zhang Yourui , Lu Chunlan , Liu Hao , Yu Pei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose:To evaluate the effect of fluctuations in waist circumference (WC), weight, body mass index (BMI) on diabetes incidence in older adults.Patients and methods:We examined a prospective cohort of 61,587 older adults (age, 60-96 years) who did not have diabetes at study initiation. Data on weight, BMI, and WC were collected and participants were followed-up until 31 December 2019 . The main endpoint was new-onset diabetes. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of diabetes (hazard ratios [HRs] and confidence intervals [CI]) in these participants.Results:During a mean followed-up of 3.6 years, individuals being overweight (HR [95% CI] 1.87 [1.62-2.17]), obesity (1.41 [1.26-1.59]), abdominal obesity (1.42 [1.28-1.58]), and obesity plus abdominal obesity at baseline (1.93 [1.66-2.25]) had higher risk of diabetes onset. Compared with older adults who “remained normal WC”, who “remained abdominally obese” (HR=1.66), “became abdominally obese”(HR=1.58) and “achieved normal WC” (HR=1.36) were also significantly associated with diabetes onset,as well as increase in WC >3 cm or >5% compared with baseline level . Weight gain or loss >6 kg or weight gain >5%; increase or decrease in BMI >2 kg/m2 or an increase in BMI >10% were associated with a higher diabetes risk. Diabetes risk reduced by 19% in overweight older adults who exercised daily.Conclusion:For old adults, waist circumference, BMI and healthy weight maintenance reduce diabetes risk. The findings may provide evidence for developing guidelines of proper weight and waist circumference control for older adults.
Combining Renewable Eleostearic Acid and Eugenol To Fabricate Sustainable Plasticizer and Its Effect of Plasticizing on PVC
Authors: Ma Yufeng , Song Fei , Yu Juan , Wang Nannan , Jia Puyou , Zhou Yonghong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The recent studies on sustainable plasticizer mainly focus on raw material source, synthesis method and plasticization, but the effect of chemical functional groups (epoxy group and ester group) of sustainable plasticizer on compatibility and thermal stability of plasticized polyvinyl chlorid (PVC) materials has been ignored. In this study, we synthesized two kinds of sustainable plasticizer, eleostearic acid eugenol ester(EAEE) and epoxidized EAEE. PVC films plasticized with EAEE were investigated and compared with epoxidized EAEE. PVC plasticized with epoxidized EAEE showed more flexible and thermal stability than EAEE. More hydrogen bonds were formed between PVC chains and epoxidized EAEE than that of PVC chains and EAEE, which caused the that epoxidized EAEE played more efficient plasticizing effect on PVC than EAEE. Epoxidized EAEE containing the flexible alkane chains and polar group (ester groups and epoxy groups) has stronger intermolecular interaction force than EAEE, causing homogeneous and smooth surface of plasticized PVC films.
Isolation, Partial Purification and Characterization of a Novel Restriction Enzyme from Pseudomonas Anguilliseptica
Authors: Pathirana Swarna Nirosha Jayasinghe , Elvitigala Don Anushka Sandaruwan , Nanayakkara Chandrika Malkanthi , Suravajhala Prashanth , Rajapakse Sanath , Hettiarachchi Gardhi Hewage Chamari Madhu , Chandrasekharan Naduviladath Vishvanath 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Type II restriction enzymes (REs) which can cleave double stranded DNA in a sequence specific manner have many applications in recombinant DNA technology and are considered the work horses of molecular biology. Soil and water samples were screened for isolation of bacteria, harboring restriction enzymes. Cell lysates of isolated bacteria were incubated with unmethylated λ DNA, followed by analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis. The presence of distinct banding patterns indicated the presence of REs. Nine putative isolates harboring REs were morphologically and molecularly characterized using 16S rRNA analysis and belonged to four different genera (Acinetobacter, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Brevibacillus). A HindIII like restriction digestion profile was observed in a lysate of a soil bacterium belonging to genus Pseudomonas. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, the bacterial species was identified as P. angulliseptica. The enzyme was partially purified and optimum conditions for enzyme activity and its recognition sequence were determined. The enzyme showed optimum activity at 40 0C and was stable at 40 °C for 20 minutes without the DNA substrate. The Recognition sequence of the enzyme was determined and found to be 5’AAGCT 3’ indicating it to be an isoschizomer of HindIII. The whole genome of the Pseudomonas species was sequenced and the coding sequence of the gene for the putative HindIII isoschizomer was identified together with other genes encoding putative REs. The gene coding for the HindIII isoschizomer was analyzed in silico and its homology and evolutionary relationship to other known isoschizomers of HindIII were determined. The enzyme was tentatively designated as PanI.
Optimal JPEG Quantization Table Fusion by Optimizing Texture Mosaic Images and Predicting Textures
Authors: Huang Chen-Hsiu , Wu Ja-Ling 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The JPEG standard allows the use of a customized quantization table; however, it is still challenging to find an optimal quantization table timely. This work aims to solve the dilemma of balancing computational cost and image-specific optimality by introducing a new concept of texture mosaic images. Instead of optimizing a single image or a collection of representative images, the conventional JPEG optimization techniques can be applied to the texture mosaic image to obtain an optimal quantization table for each texture category. We use the simulated annealing technique as an example to validate our framework. To effectively learn the visual features of textures, we use the ImageNet pre-trained MobileNetV2 model to train and predict the new image's texture distribution, then fuse optimal texture tables to come out with an image-specific optimal quantization table. Our experiment demonstrates around 30% size reduction with a slight decrease of FSIM quality but visually indistinguishable on the evaluation datasets. Moreover, our rate-distortion curve shows superior and competitive performance against other prior works under a high-quality setting. The proposed method, denoted as JQF, achieves per image optimality for JPEG encoding with less than one second additional timing cost.
Gas Phase Acidities of Organic Acids Based on 9H-Fluorene Scaffold: A DFT Study
Authors: Saeidian Hamid , Farzin Baharak , Mirjafary Zohreh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed on a new set of organic Brønsted acids based on 9H-fluorene scaffold. The optimal structures and acidity of the compounds have been calculated by using DFT/B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) computational method. The acidity of the designed compounds was obtained in the range of 276-328 kcal/mol that the fluorene scaffold bearing ketenimine group 17 and trifilic group 20 with ΔHacid of 276.3 and 285.4 kcal/mol, respectively were found to be within the range of superacids, being more acidic than simple fluorene and mineral acids. The designed compounds and the corresponding conjugate bases were also examined from the aromaticity indices point of view. The tautomerization process for some designed structures was investigated by DFT calculations. Molecular electrostatic potential analysis for the designed acids and the corresponding conjugate bases were also used for charge distribution analysis.
Infection and drug resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae among perinatal pregnant women in Xinjiang
Authors: Guo Shuli , Luo Xiandao , Jia Haiying , Pang Xiuhui , Wang Changmin , Chen Cheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) is one of the most common pathogens causing meningitis, bacteremia and pneumonia. The drug resistance mechanisms of group B streptococcus in different countries and regions also show regional differences.Method: The study population was comprised of 1877 pregnant women of 34-38 weeks who underwent prenatal examination in the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic of Xinjiang People's Hospital, between January 1, 2019 and January 31, 2020. Clinic specimens were collected and identified by the API bacteria Rapid Identification card for the downstream group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) isolation. Drug susceptibility of the Streptococcus agalactiae isolated was detected by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance was determined by D test. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Gene sequencing was performed for the resistance genes ermA, ermB, mreA, erm (47), mefA/E and Lin B.Results: 149 Streptococcus agalactiae-positive strains were identified by clinical isolation, with a positive rate of 7.94%. Group B Streptococcus showed 100% susceptibility to linezolid, penicillin, vancomycin, meropenem, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, 44.97%, 35.57%, 56.38% and 29.53% susceptibility to levofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively. Among the 149 isolates, 127 strains showed macrolide resistance phenotype. The detection rate of intrinsic resistance phenotype (cMLS) was 40.94% (59/127), active efflux resistance phenotype (MS) 9.45% (12/127), and induced resistance phenotype (iMLS) 22.83% (29/127).Conclusion: The ermB gene-mediated 50s ribosome target site change co-existing with mreA gene for macrolide resistance efflux may play a major role in the mechanism of Streptococcus agalactiae resistance macrolide resistance of in perinatal women in Xinjiang. The change of 50s ribosomal target site mediated by ermB gene may be the main reason for drug cross-resistance.
Urban-Rural and Gender Differential in Depressive Symptoms Among Elderly in India
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Chauhan Shekhar , Patel Ratna , Kumar Manish 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

To date, evidence remained inconclusive explaining rural-urban and male-female differential in depression. Unlike other previous research on the association of several risk factors with depressive symptoms among the elderly, this study focussed on the socio-economic status-related inequality in the prevalence of depression among the elderly along with focussing urban-rural and male-female gradients of depression among the elderly.
Methods

This study used data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-I, 2017-18, survey. The outcome variable for this study was self-reported depression. Bivariate analysis was used to understand the prevalence by sociodemographic clusters. Fairlie decomposition analysis has been done to measures rural-urban inequalities for depression among older men and women.
Results

Results found that around 22 percent of urban elderly and 17 percent of rural elderly reported depression. A higher proportion of female elderly (22.6% vs. 18.4%) reported depression than male elderly. Almost one in every five elderly (20.6%) reported depression in India. The results found that a higher percentage of women in rural and urban areas reported depression than their male counterparts. While examining SES-related inequality in the prevalence of depression, education was a significant factor explaining the SES-related inequality in the prevalence of depression among female elderly and not in male elderly.
Conclusion

Given the large proportion of elderly reporting depression, this study highlights the need for improving health care services among the elderly. The increasing burden of depression in specific sub-populations also highlights the importance of understanding the broader consequences of depression among rural and female elderly.
Association of Work Risk Factors and the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: Protocol of a Systematic Review
Authors: Anfossi Christian Moretti , Fredes Christian Tobar , Rojas Eduardo Quiñelen , Ross Jamie , Head Jenny , Britton Annie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death, representing 31.8% of all global deaths. Several lifestyle behaviours are associated with the development and clinical manifestation of CVDs, however, these behavioural risk factors by themselves do not fully explain the population burden of CVDs. There is increasing recognition that working conditions and risk factors of the work environment are associated with health, including the development of CVDs. We will systematically review observational studies of adults exposed to work risk factors and their association with CVDs.Methods: We will follow the Navigation Guide framework. We will include cohort and case-control studies. The population will be adults of working age (18-65). The exposure will include six categories of work exposure: job strain, effort-reward imbalance, long working hours, job insecurity, shift work and occupational noise; the comparator will be the unexposed group or specified control group. The outcomes will be cerebrovascular diseases, ischaemic heart disease and hypertensive diseases. Published and unpublished studies will be included. The selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, quality assessment and strength of evidence will be carried out by two reviewers independently and disagreements will be solved by a third. Due to the diversity in the populations and exposures in the studies, the synthesis of the results, the quality and the strength of the evidence will be done by a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM), following the SWiM reporting guideline.Discussion: This systematic review will identify and synthesise the evidence for the association between work risk factors and risk of CVDs. This work will underpin and inform a broader objective to examine the effectiveness of interventions to minimise the effects of risk factors for CVDs in workplaces, with the final aim of informing occupational health policies in the future. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020179972.