bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed plantations ofMetasequoia glyptostroboidesandBischofia polycarpachange soil fungal and archaeal communities and enhance soil phosphorus availability in Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Liu Wen , He Shanwen , Chen Qingchu , Han Jigang , Zhang Qingfei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSoil degradation has been found in urban forests in Shanghai, especially in the pure plantations. Mixed plantations are considered to improve soil quality because they can stimulate organic matter cycling and increase soil carbon and nutrient content. Although soil microbes play crucial roles in regulating soil biogeochemical processes, little is known about how mixed plantations affect soil microbial communities, including bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Here, we evaluated soil chemical properties, abundances and compositions of soil bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities, and enzyme activities in pure and mixedMetasequoia glyptostroboidesandBischofia polycarpaplantations, located in Shanghai, China. The results showed that soil available phosphorus content in the mixed plantation ofM. glyptostroboidesandB. polycarpawas significantly higher than that in pure plantations, while no significant difference was observed in the content of soil organic carbon, total and available nitrogen, total and available potassium among the three studied plantations. We found higher fungal abundance in the mixed plantation, when compared to both pure plantations. Moreover, fungal abundance was positively correlated with the content of soil available phosphorus. No significant difference was found in the abundance and diversity of bacterial and archaeal community among the three studied plantations. A similarity analysis (ANOSIM) showed that mixed plantation significantly altered the community composition of archaea and fungi, accompanied with an increase of alkaline phosphatase activity. However, ANOSIM analysis of bacterial communities showed that there was no significant group separation among different plantations. Overall, results from this study indicated that fungal and archaeal communities were more sensitive to aboveground tree species than bacterial community. Moreover, mixed plantations significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase and the content of soil available phosphorus, suggesting that afforestation withM. glyptostroboidesandB. polycarpais an effective way to alleviate phosphorus deficiency in urban forests in Shanghai, China.
Identifying goals in patients with chronic pain: A European survey
Authors: Goudman Lisa , De Smedt Ann , Linderoth Bengt , Eldabe Sam , Witkam Richard , Henssen Dylan , Moens Maarten 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain is a major healthcare issue that often requires an interdisciplinary treatment approach. Defining relevant treatment goals is one of the crucial steps in creating successful rehabilitation schemes. Therefore, the first aim was to explore goals that patients suffering from chronic pain aim to achieve. The second aim was to translate those goals into measurable functional outcome variables which can be used to measure treatment success.MethodsAn online survey was developed and spread through local pain alliances in six European countries. Participants, patients suffering from chronic pain, were asked to report their most important goals, combined with a rank to denote the importance of each goal. For the highest ranked goals, participants were asked to decompose their goal into functional postures and the number of minutes per posture to achieve this goal.ResultsWe approached 1,494 persons, of which 487 effectively completed this survey. The highest ranked goals were taking part in family and social activities (72.55%), pain reduction (91.18%) and household tasks (68.14%). Obtaining pain reduction was most often ranked first (55.75%), followed by improving sleep (12.25%) and taking part in family or social activities (11.00%). For all goals, walking was a crucial component.ConclusionsThe goals of chronic pain patients are in line with previously explored expectations, denoting the importance of achieving pain relief combined with improvements on the level of activities and participation. This survey indicates that rehabilitation programs should definitely focus on improving walking ability, due to its importance in underpinning overall goal achievement.SignificanceGoals and expectations of chronic pain patients are in line with each other. Obtaining pain relief remains the highest ranked goal, however, goals on the level of activities and participation were also highly ranked. Walking seems to be the overall crucial component for goal achievement.
Multi‐stage Ordered Mesoporous Carbon‐graphene Aerogel‐Ni3S2/Co4S3 for Supercapacitor Electrode
Authors: Li Ning , Wang Dan , Liang Xiu , Li Dongwei , Liu Guoran , Sun Guanliang , Xu Guanchen , Zhang Xingshuang , Li Yong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTransition metal sulfides have emerged as promising materials in supercapacitor. In this work, we firstly developed an interface‐induced superassembly approach to fabricate NiSx and CoSx nanoparticles, which based on ordered mesoporous carbon‐graphene aerogel composites for supercapacitor electrodes. The obtained multi‐component superassembled nanoparticles‐carbon matrix composites have controllable 3D porous structure of multi‐stage composite. The two‐dimensional graphene interlaced to form a 3D framework with large sponge‐like pores, and then the graphene surface was loaded with mesoporous carbon with mesoporous pore size and vertical orientation. The composites display high specific capacitance of 958.1 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. The capacitance retains about 97.3 % after 3000 charging‐discharging cycles at 2 A g−1. These results indicate that the obtained OMC−GA−Ni3S2/Co4S3 is a promising material for electrochemical capacitors, which providing new technical methods and ideas for the research of new energy and analytical sensor materials in the fields of energy storage, photocatalysis, point‐of‐care testing devices and other fields.
Nutritive quality prediction of peaches during storage
Authors: Zhong Yuming , Bao Yao , Chen Yumin , Zhai Dequan , Liu Jianliang , Liu Huifan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPeaches (Prunus persica L. Batsch) are commonly consumed fruits with high nutritional value. We evaluated the nutritive qualities of peach fruit during storage. Heatmap analysis showed that protein, ash, and crude fiber contents clustered together, whereas fat and reducing sugars clustered separately. We then classified the nutrients into two clusters; cluster 1 showed low fat and reducing sugar levels and high protein, crude fiber, and ash levels, whereas cluster 2 showed high fat and reducing sugar levels and low protein, cruder fiber, and ash levels. Partial least squares regression and random forest analyses showed accuracies of 67% and 61%, respectively. Spectra at 1,439 and 1,440 nm indicated reducing sugars, and the spectrum at 2,172 nm indicated protein. Thus, Fourier transform‐near infrared spectroscopy could predict the two clusters based on five nutritive qualities. Our findings may help to establish guidelines for promoting the acceptability of peach fruits among consumers.
FMR1 gene CGG repeat distribution among the three individual cohorts with intellectual disability, autism, and primary ovarian insufficiency from Tamil Nadu, Southern India
Authors: Nagarathinam Indhumathi , Chong Samuel S. , B. K. Thelma , Justin Margret Jeffrey , Venkataraman Viswanathan , Natarajan Padmavathy Karthikeyen , Srisailapathy C. R. Srikumari 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFragile X syndrome is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID) and is also well known to have a role in primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and fragile X‐associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) that expresses across generations. The objective was to compare the CGG repeat variants in FMR1 gene among three correlating cohorts of ID, autism and idiopathic POI. Thirty‐six patients with ID, 12 with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 13 females with idiopathic POI were screened for FMR1 CGG repeat size by fluorescent methylation‐specific PCR and GeneScan analysis, irrespective of Hagerman checklist clinical scores. Among 29 males and seven females, 11 FMR1 allelic variants ranging from 21 to >200 CGG repeats were observed. Three (CF2‐3, 39‐5, 44‐2) out of 29 males had full mutation alleles accounting for a 10.34% incidence of FXS among idiopathic ID males. One of them was a mosaic for CGG repeats with both premutation and full mutation alleles. The frequency of fragile X syndrome is high among patients with idiopathic ID; they also had a high score for the clinical check list. A cascade testing that begins with checklist evaluation prior to DNA analysis will be cost‐effective for establishing early diagnosis in South India. With the huge disease burden, there is a need for the establishment of more molecular diagnostics and self‐help groups for fragile X syndrome.
Who cares when you close down? The effects of primary care practice closures on patients
Authors: Bischof Tamara , Kaiser Boris 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the consequences that patients face when their regular general practitioner (GP) closes down her practice, typically due to retirement. We estimate the causal impact of closures on patients' utilization patterns, healthcare expenditures, hospitalizations, mortality, and health plan choices. Employing a difference‐in‐difference framework, we find that patients who experience a discontinuity of care persistently adjust their ambulatory utilization pattern by shifting visits away from GPs (−12%) toward specialists (+11%) and hospital outpatient facilities (+6%). In contrast, we find no evidence on adverse health effects as measured by hospitalizations and mortality. The impact on utilization is heterogeneous along several dimensions. In particular, we find geographic disparities between regions with high and low availability of primary care. We also observe that patients with chronic conditions substitute more strongly toward other providers. Our results have potential implications for health policy in at least two dimensions: first, practice closures lead to more fragmented care which may entail inefficiencies, and second, closures deteriorate access to primary care in regions with low physician density.
Phosphorylation and Stabilization of PIN1 by JNK Promote Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Growth
Authors: Lepore Alessio , Choy Pui Man , Lee Nathan C.W. , Carella Maria Annunziata , Favicchio Rosy , Briones‐Orta Marco A. , Glaser Shannon S. , Alpini Gianfranco , D’Santos Clive , Tooze Reuben M. , Lorger Mihaela , Syn Wing‐Kin , Papakyriakou Athanasios , Giamas Georgios , Bubici Concetta , Papa Salvatore 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly aggressive type of liver cancer in urgent need of treatment options. Aberrant activation of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is a key feature in ICC and an attractive candidate target for its treatment. However, the mechanisms by which constitutive JNK activation promotes ICC growth, and therefore the key downstream effectors of this pathway, remain unknown for their applicability as therapeutic targets. Our aim was to obtain a better mechanistic understanding of the role of JNK signaling in ICC that could open up therapeutic opportunities.

Approach and Results
Using loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function studies in vitro and in vivo, we show that activation of the JNK pathway promotes ICC cell proliferation by affecting the protein stability of peptidyl‐prolyl cis‐trans isomerase NIMA‐interacting 1 (PIN1), a key driver of tumorigenesis. PIN1 is highly expressed in ICC primary tumors, and its expression positively correlates with active JNK. Mechanistically, the JNK kinases directly bind to and phosphorylate PIN1 at Ser115, and this phosphorylation prevents PIN1 mono‐ubiquitination at Lys117 and its proteasomal degradation. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of PIN1 through all‐trans retinoic acid, a Food and Drug Administration–approved drug, impairs the growth of both cultured and xenografted ICC cells.

Conclusions
Our findings implicate the JNK‐PIN1 regulatory axis as a functionally important determinant for ICC growth, and provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of JNK activation through PIN1 inhibition.
Forest operations, tree species composition and decline in rainfall explain runoff changes in the Nacimiento experimental catchments, south central Chile
Authors: Iroumé Andrés , Jones Julia , Bathurst James C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFew long‐term studies have explored how intensively managed short rotation forest plantations interact with climate variability. We examine how prolonged severe drought and forest operations affect runoff in 11 experimental catchments on private corporate forest land near Nacimiento in south central Chile over the period 2008–2019. The catchments (7.7–414 ha) contain forest plantations of exotic fast‐growing species (Pinus radiata, Eucalyptus spp.) at various stages of growth in a Mediterranean climate (mean long‐term annual rainfall = 1381 mm). Since 2010, a drought, unprecedented in recent history, has reduced rainfall at Nacimiento by 20%, relative to the long‐term mean. Pre‐drought runoff ratios were <0.2 under 8‐year‐old Eucalyptus; >0.4 under 21‐year‐old Radiata pine and >0.8 where herbicide treatments had controlled vegetation for 2 years in 38% of the catchment area. Early in the study period, clearcutting of Radiata pine (85%–95% of catchment area) increased streamflow by 150 mm as compared with the year before harvest, while clearcutting and partial cuts of Eucalyptus did not increase streamflow. During 2008–2019, the combination of emerging drought and forestry treatments (replanting with Eucalyptus after clearcutting of Radiata pine and Eucalyptus) reduced streamflow by 400–500 mm, and regeneration of previously herbicide‐treated vegetation combined with growth of Eucalyptus plantations reduced streamflow by 1125 mm (87% of mean annual precipitation 2010–2019). These results from one of the most comprehensive forest catchment studies in the world on private industrial forest land indicate that multiple decades of forest management have reduced deep soil moisture reservoirs. This effect has been exacerbated by drought and conversion from Radiata pine to Eucalyptus, apparently largely eliminating subsurface supply to streamflow. The findings reveal tradeoffs between wood production and water supply, provide lessons for adapting forest management to the projected future drier climate in Chile, and underscore the need for continued experimental work in managed forest plantations.
A systematic review of stem cell therapy treatment for women suffering from stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Klapper‐Goldstein Hadar , Tamam Shai , Sade Shanny , Weintraub Adi Y. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundStem cell therapy (SCT) is used for regeneration of injured tissues. This seems a novel promising strategy for restoring urethral sphincter function in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical trials available to date on SCT for treatment of SUI in women.Search strategyPubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Embase.Selection criteriaProspective interventional case series, randomized prospective interventional study and prospective cohort study assessing women aged 18 years and over diagnosed with SUI and treated by SCT were included. The quality of studies was finally assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists according to the PRISMA guidelines.Data collection and analysisNineteen studies (n = 773 patients) were selected for final analysis. These were conducted worldwide between the years 2005 and 2016. Although different cell types were used, general processing steps were similar. The follow‐up period ranged between 6 weeks and 6 years and included common subjective and objective evaluation tools.ResultsOverall, the studies imply that SCT for treatment of SUI is a safe and effective treatment.ConclusionIn our opinion, the initial results of SCT for the treatment of SUI seem promising. Standardization and validation of this treatment modality is required before it can be recommended for routine use.
“This isn't a fairy tale we're talking about; this is our real lives”: Community‐orientated responses to address trans and gender diverse homelessness
Authors: Vandenburg Tycho , Groot Shiloh , Nikora Linda W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGlobally, trans and gender diverse people contend with day‐to‐day exclusion, discrimination, and marginalisation, often culminating in experiences of poverty and homelessness. In this discussion article, we outline a bricolage research orientation rooted in liberation and Indigenous approaches brought into dialogue with the broader cannon of community psychology for meaningful research with homeless trans and gender diverse people. Such an approach transcends rigid disciplinary divides and shapes a framework for collaborative action, advocacy, and social change. We argue that scholar‐activism, social justice, and relationality and collaboration should inform every stage of the research process and beyond when engaging with minoritized communities.
Profiling T cell receptor β‐chain in responders after immunization with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine
Authors: Yan Dong , Yang Jiezuan , Ji Zhongkang , Wang Ju , Lu Xiaoqing , Huang Yandi , Zhong Chengli , Li Lanjuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundT cells with edited T cell receptor β‐chain variable (TRBV) are involved in the immune response to recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg) vaccine and the production of hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb). The immune repertoire (IR) profile and mechanism of vaccination positive responders (VPR) with rHBsAg are not fully understood.MethodsThe IR of six VPRs (HBsAb+, HbsAg–) with rHBsAg vaccination was established by the high throughput sequencing technique and bioinformatics analysis and compared with those in five vaccination negative responders (VNRs) (HbsAb–, HbsAg–) who were also inoculated with rHBsAg. The repertoire features of the BV, BJ and V (CDR3) J genes and immune diversity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, respectively, were analyzed for each subject.ResultsThere was no significant difference in sequencing amplification indices of each sample. However, TRBV15/BJ2‐3 demonstrated significantly high expression levels in VPR compared to those in the VNR group (both p < 0.05). Further results showed that the BV15/BJ2‐5 level was significantly increased for VPR compared to that of VNR group. Interestingly, the motif of CDR3 in TRBV15/BJ2‐5 was mostly expressed as “GGETQ” or “GETQ”. Additionally, there was no remarkable difference between the two groups of distribution with respect to the different clone expression levels of V (CDR3) J.ConclusionsThe features of IR in the VPR and VNR will contribute to the exploration of the mechanism of the positive response to rHBsAg, and also contribute to development of optimized hepatitis B vaccine, in addition to providing a partial interpretation of the VNR who has a relatively low infection with HBV.
TCF-1 maintains CD8+ T cell stemness in tumor microenvironment
Authors: Wen Shuqiong , Lu Huanzi , Wang Dikan , Guo Junyi , Dai Wenxiao , Wang Zhi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractT cell factor 1 (TCF-1) is a transcription factor (TF) of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that encoded by the Tcf7. The crucial role of TCF-1 in T cell development and memory formation has been widely recognized. Recent studies have demonstrated that exhausted CD8+ T cell with the expression of TCF-1 may have inspiring function to amplify immunoreaction and improve the response to immunotherapy in chronic viral infection and cancer. In this short review, we summarized recent progress in intratumoral exhausted CD8+ T cells expressing TCF-1 that represent a fantastic subset with stem cell-like properties that associated with improved antitumor immunity and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).
Molecular Determinants of the Cardiometabolic Improvements of Dietary Flavanols Identified by an Integrative Analysis of Nutrigenomic Data from a Systematic Review of Animal Studies
Authors: Monfoulet Laurent‐Emmanuel , Ruskovska Tatjana , Ajdžanović Vladimir , Havlik Jaroslav , Vauzour David , Bayram Banu , Krga Irena , Corral‐Jara Karla‐Fabiola , Kistanova Elena , Abadjieva Desislava , Massaro Marika , Scoditti Egeria , Deligiannidou Eirini , Kontogiorgis Christos , Arola‐Arnal Anna , van Schothorst Evert M. , Morand Christine , Milenkovic Dragan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractScope: Flavanols are important polyphenols of the human diet with extensive demonstrations of their beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. They contribute to preserve health acting on a large range of cellular processes. The underlying mechanisms of action of flavanols are not fully understood but involve a nutrigenomic regulation.Methods and Results: To further capture how the intake of dietary flavanols results in the modulation of gene expression, nutrigenomics data in response to dietary flavanols obtained from animal models of cardiometabolic diseases have been collected and submitted to a bioinformatics analysis. This systematic analysis shows that dietary flavanols modulate a large range of genes mainly involved in endocrine function, fatty acid metabolism, and inflammation. Several regulators of the gene expression have been predicted and include transcription factors, miRNAs and epigenetic factors.Conclusion: This review highlights the complex and multilevel action of dietary flavanols contributing to their strong potential to preserve cardiometabolic health. The identification of the potential molecular mediators and of the flavanol metabolites driving the nutrigenomic response in the target organs is still a pending question which the answer will contribute to optimize the beneficial health effects of dietary bioactives.
Hydroxymethylfurfural as an Intermediate of Cellulose Carbonization
Authors: Nomura Takashi , Minami Eiji , Kawamoto Haruo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Haruo Kawamoto at Kyoto University (Japan). The cover picture shows the carbonization pathway of cellulose via 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural as an important intermediate. Thermochemical conversion is one of the promising technologies to convert cellulose, which is the main component of lignocellulosic biomass, into biofuels and biochemicals. Understanding the molecular mechanism of thermal degradation of cellulose is important for developing efficient conversion techniques by controlling the reaction. Read the full text of their Full Paper at 10.1002/open.202000314.