bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion on marriage
Authors: Hampton Matt , Lenhart Otto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansions on marital behavior. We use data from the American Community Survey from 2008 to 2019 and estimate difference‐in‐differences models to test for effects on marriage and divorce outcomes. We find that expansions led to a 0.95% reduction in marriage stock and a 2.22% increase in divorce stock, with effects being larger among low educated individuals. We believe that two factors play a role as underlying mechanisms: (1) reduced reliance on spousal insurance coverage and (2) deciding to forego marriage or get divorced to meet eligibility restrictions.
Mental health outcomes and help‐seeking behaviours among Egyptian medical students: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kamel Mostafa M. , Westenberg Jean N. , Suen Janet , Jang Kerry L. , Maragha Tala , Badawy Adel , El‐Sawi Hosam , Krausz Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimApproximately half of the population in Egypt is under the age of 25. Globally, mental illness represents the highest burden of disease in this age group. Yet in Egypt, there is still no youth‐specific mental health system in place and the vast majority of young people do not have access to any professional mental health support. The objective of this study was to describe the mental health needs of Egyptian youth and the resources they use when seeking help.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional survey was distributed among medical students at Tanta University in Egypt. Of the 707 individuals who completed the survey (90.9% response rate), 60.5% were female, 62.0% lived in urban and suburban areas, and the mean age of the sample was 20.5 (±1.8) years old.ResultsMore than half (54%) of the students reported that they had been affected by mental health problems at some point in their lives. Anxiety and depression were the most common problems. Regarding help‐seeking behaviours, participants mainly searched the web or spoke to peers and relatives; few reported approaching medical professionals. The majority of participants (59.7%) reported being disappointed with the current mental health care system in Egypt.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of mental challenges among Egyptian youth and the health care system is not adequately prepared to respond to their needs. E‐Mental Health and online interventions seem to be a promising solution that could increase access to mental health services for Egyptian youth.
Mild early‐life stress exaggerates the impact of acute stress on corticolimbic resting‐state functional connectivity
Authors: Wang Huan , van Leeuwen Judith M. C. , de Voogd Lycia D. , Verkes Robbert‐Jan , Roozendaal Benno , Fernández Guillén , Hermans Erno J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAbundant evidence shows that early‐life stress (ELS) predisposes for the development of stress‐related psychopathology when exposed to stressors later in life, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To study predisposing effects of mild ELS on stress sensitivity, we examined in a healthy human population the impact of a history of ELS on acute stress‐related changes in corticolimbic circuits involved in emotional processing (i.e., amygdala, hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex [vmPFC]). Healthy young male participants (n = 120) underwent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in two separate sessions (stress induction vs. control). The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was administered to index self‐reported ELS, and stress induction was verified using salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate and subjective affect. Our findings show that self‐reported ELS was negatively associated with baseline cortisol, but not with the acute stress‐induced cortisol response. Critically, individuals with more self‐reported ELS exhibited an exaggerated reduction of functional connectivity in corticolimbic circuits under acute stress. A mediation analysis showed that the association between ELS and stress‐induced changes in amygdala–hippocampal connectivity became stronger when controlling for basal cortisol. Our findings show, in a healthy sample, that the effects of mild ELS on functioning of corticolimbic circuits only become apparent when exposed to an acute stressor and may be buffered by adaptations in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function. Overall, our findings might reveal a potential mechanism whereby even mild ELS might confer vulnerability to exposure to stressors later in adulthood.
Beyond adaptive preferences: Rethinking women's complicity in their own subordination
Authors: Knowles Charlotte 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn important question confronting feminist philosophers is why women are sometimes complicit in their own subordination. The dominant view holds that complicity is best understood in terms of adaptive preferences. This view assumes that agents will naturally gravitate away from subordination and towards flourishing as long as they do not have things imposed on them that disrupt this trajectory. However, there is reason to believe that ‘impositions’ do not explain all of the ways in which complicity can arise. This paper defends a phenomenological account of complicity, which offers an alternative explanation.
Forecasting high‐frequency excess stock returns via data analytics and machine learning
Authors: Akyildirim Erdinc , Nguyen Duc Khuong , Sensoy Ahmet , Šikić Mario 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBorsa Istanbul introduced data analytics to present additional information about its market conditions. We examine whether this product can be utilized via various machine learning methods to predict intraday excess returns. Accordingly, these analytics provide significant prediction ratios above 50% with ideal profit ratios that can reach up to 33%. Among all the methods considered, XGBoost (logistic regression) performs better in predicting excess returns in the long‐term analysis (short‐term analysis). Results provide evidence for the benefits of both the analytics and the machine learning methods and raise further discussion on the semistrong market efficiency.
Deficiency of the paternally inherited gene Magel2 alters the development of separation‐induced vocalization and maternal behavior in mice
Authors: Bosque Ortiz Gabriela M. , Santana Gustavo M. , Dietrich Marcelo O. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe behavior of offspring results from the combined expression of maternal and paternal genes. Genomic imprinting silences some genes in a parent‐of‐origin specific manner, a process that, among all animals, occurs only in mammals. How genomic imprinting affects the behavior of mammalian offspring, however, remains poorly understood. Here, we studied how the loss of the paternally inherited gene Magel2 in mouse pups affects the emission of separation‐induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USV). Using quantitative analysis of more than 1000 USVs, we characterized the rate of vocalizations as well as their spectral features from postnatal days 6–12 (P6–P12), a critical phase of mouse development that covers the peak of vocal behavior in pups. Our analyses show that Magel2 deficient offspring emit separation‐induced vocalizations at lower rates and with altered spectral features mainly at P8. We also show that dams display altered behavior towards their own Magel2 deficient offspring at this age. In a test to compare the retrieval of two pups, dams retrieve wildtype control pups first and faster than Magel2 deficient offspring. These results suggest that the loss of Magel2 impairs the expression of separation‐induced vocalization in pups as well as maternal behavior at a specific age of postnatal development, both of which support the pups' growth and development.
Clinical outcomes after joint surgery in patients on turoctocog alfa pegol (N8‐GP) prophylaxis: A post hoc analysis
Authors: Hampton Kingsley , Tiede Andreas , Shivamurthy Shwetha , Chowdary Pratima 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionJoint damage in haemophilia often requires surgical correction. However, the surgery effect on bleeding rates and other clinical joint outcomes can be unclear.AimTo investigate the effects of joint surgery on joint annualized bleeding rates (JABRs) and physical health outcomes in patients with haemophilia A undergoing N8‐GP prophylaxis.MethodsPatients in the pathfinder 2 trial received N8‐GP prophylaxis, enrolling in the pathfinder 3 trial for indicated surgery. Patients returned to pathfinder 2 post‐surgery, continuing N8‐GP prophylaxis until end‐of‐trial. JABRs were calculated from bleeding across all joints for pre‐surgery (immediately before surgery) and post‐surgery (to pathfinder 2 study end) periods. Joint‐health‐related outcomes were derived from patient records.ResultsData (41 joint surgeries; n = 30) were analysed statistically using datamining and descriptively. Pre‐surgery mean JABR was higher in patients who later were operated than in 146 non‐operated patients (p = .004). In operated patients, mean JABR decreased from 1.33 pre‐surgery to .37 post‐surgery (p = .011). In all but three patients, JABR improved or remained the same post‐surgery. In the three patients whose JABR remained at one (all with multiple joint arthropathy), post‐surgery bleeds were mostly at non‐operated sites. Two of the three patients whose JABR increased post‐surgery had undergone surgery for reasons unlikely to improve JABR. Mobility parameters often improved in patients whose JABR remained at zero.ConclusionPatients with haemophilia treated with N8‐GP prophylaxis benefit from surgeries. However, this analysis could not differentiate the relative contributions of surgical interventions and prophylactic treatment to the improvement of JABR.
Does social modeling increase infants’ willingness to accept unfamiliar foods?
Authors: DeJesus Jasmine M. , Venkatesh Shruthi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite a rich knowledge base about infants’ social learning and studies observing social referencing in other species in food contexts, we know surprisingly little about social learning about food among human infants. This gap in the literature is particularly surprising considering that feeding unfamiliar foods to infants is a very common experience as infants begin to eat solid foods. The present study examines whether parental social modeling influences infants’ willingness to accept unfamiliar foods. In two Zoom sessions, parents will be asked to feed unfamiliar foods to their 6‐ to 24‐month‐old infants (different unfamiliar foods in each session). In both sessions, infants’ food acceptance and rejection will be measured. In the first session, parents will be asked to do what they would typically do; spontaneous social modeling will be recorded. In the second session, parents will be instructed to model eating the unfamiliar food. We will examine associations between infants’ willingness to eat unfamiliar foods, parent social modeling, and extant parent and infant characteristics.
Increasing lobster processing margins through scenario linear programming
Authors: Fruytier Pierre‐André M. , Jensson Páll 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the lobster processing industry, savvy decision‐makers call for robust, fast, and cheap decision support systems to simulate scenarios in hard‐to‐predict market conditions for planning sales and operations of the next season. For optimizing the planning of simulated scenarios, linear programming models are customized to the constraints of each business case, and to data readily available from past seasons. For illustration, two significantly different cases are presented with results. Considerations regarding cross training and cell operations is discussed to resolve shifting bottlenecks and consequently improve financial performance. Depending on cases, direct margins could be improved by up to two‐digit rates.
Non‐pharmacological interventions using information and communication technology for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis protocol
Authors: Seok Jo Woon , Shin Jinhee , Kang Bada , Lee Hyangkyu , Cho Eunhee , Lee Kyung Hee 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo review and examine the effectiveness of non‐pharmacological interventions on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia using information and communication technology.DesignThis is a systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThe databases including PubMed, CINAHL with Full Text (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library will be searched for all published studies. Studies will be screened and selected with criteria described in PICOS format. Risk of bias will be assessed by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence checklist. Data will be extracted from eligible studies and used to perform a meta‐analysis examining the overall effects and effects on individual outcomes. Additionally, we will conduct meta‐regression to examine the association between explanatory variables and behavioural and psychological symptoms. This study has been funded since June 2020.DiscussionThis study will be the first to reveal the effects of non‐pharmacological interventions using information and communication technology on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Furthermore, this study will provide updated and valid evidence of interventions using this for managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.ImpactAlthough non‐pharmacological interventions using information and communication technology for older adults living with dementia are continuously developing, their direct effect remains unclear. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia and provide the evidence to implement these interventions among older adults living with dementia. Thus, caregivers and nursing staff can manage behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia more effectively by incorporating information and communication technology.
Development of a risk calculator to predict attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in very preterm/very low birth weight newborns
Authors: Franz Adelar Pedro , Caye Arthur , Lacerda Bárbara Calil , Wagner Flávia , Silveira Rita C. , Procianoy Renato Soibelmann , Moreira‐Maia Carlos Renato , Rohde Luis Augusto 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundVery preterm/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) newborns can have lifelong morbidities, as attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinicians have no markers to discriminate which among those individuals will develop later ADHD, based only on the clinical presentation at birth. Our aim was to develop an individualized risk calculator for ADHD in VP/VLBW newborns.MethodsThis retrospective prognostic study included a consecutive sample of all VP/VLBW children (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1.5 kg) born between 2010 and 2012 from a clinical cohort in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital. Children were clinically assessed at 6 years of age for ADHD using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School‐Age Children (K‐SADS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used for model‐building.ResultsNinety‐six VP/VLBW children were assessed at 6 years of age (92% follow‐up), of whom 32 (33%) were diagnosed with ADHD. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ADHD prediction based on seven parameters (late‐onset sepsis confirmed by blood culture, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal seizures, periventricular leukomalacia, respiratory distress syndrome, length of hospital stay, and number of maternal ADHD symptoms) was .875 (CI, 0.800–0.942, p < .001; AUC corrected for optimism with bootstrapping: .806), a performance that is comparable to other medical risk calculators. Compared to approaches that would offer early intervention to all, or intervention to none, the risk calculator will be more useful in selecting VP/VLBW newborns, with statistically significant net benefits at cost:benefits of around 1:2 to around 10:6 (range of ADHD risk thresholds of 32%–62%, respectively). It also showed specificity for ADHD compared to other prevalent child psychopathologies.ConclusionsThe risk calculator showed good performance for early identification of VP/VLBW newborns at high risk of future ADHD diagnosis. External validity in population‐based samples is needed to extend clinical usefulness.
Fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐computed tomography for staging of canine insulinoma: 3 cases (2019–2020)
Authors: Walczak R. , Kawalilak L. , Griffin L. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesCanine insulinomas are uncommon malignant functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours with a high metastatic rate. Diagnostic imaging aids with staging and surgical planning of these tumours; however, identification is unpredictable across modalities. High‐grade human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours display increased avidity on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT.Materials and MethodsDogs with clinicopathologic findings consistent with pancreatic insulinoma were prospectively enrolled. Patients underwent 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT and CT angiography, followed by exploratory laparotomy.ResultsThree patients met the inclusion criteria and had histologically confirmed insulinomas. Both metastatic lesions in patient 1 were mildly avid (SUVmax 2.79 and 3.01). In patient 2, the primary pancreatic insulinoma was minimally avid (SUVmax 2.16). The primary pancreatic lesion in patient 3 had similar avidity to normal pancreatic parenchyma (SUVmax 1.54) and was undetected on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT. Insulinomas demonstrated variable attenuation and contrast enhancement patterns on CT angiography and certain lesions were more conspicuous than on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT. Two metastatic lesions not visible on either imaging modality were discovered in patient 2 at surgery.Clinical SignificanceCanine insulinomas were inconsistently avid on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT. This finding is likely attributable to the confounding clinicopathological features and multifaceted transformation of these tumours, in addition to the influence of variable tumour size, composition and vascularity. Unpredictable tumoural avidity limits the value of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT for staging canine insulinomas.
From a Molar to a Molecular Approach to the Developmental Trajectory of Syntax Comprehension of Persons with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Facon Bruno , Magis David , Knutsen Dominique 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of our study was to investigate whether the developmental trajectories of syntax comprehension of participants with or without intellectual disability are comparable. We obtained results from a syntax comprehension test of 615 typically developing participants (mean chronological age = 4.61 years, SD = 0.85) and 615 participants with intellectual disability (mean chronological age = 12.22 years, SD = 3.14) matched on a nonverbal cognitive measure. We examined these results by applying several statistical approaches to the overall scores for the syntax test and then to the scores for each of its 92 items. Results showed negligible between‐group differences in developmental trajectories, at both levels of analysis (overall and item scores). This lack of effect suggests that the relationship between cognitive development and syntax comprehension is comparable for the two groups of participants. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
MYO5B‐associated diseases: Novel liver‐related variants and genotype‐phenotype correlation
Authors: Wang Li , Qiu Yi‐Ling , Xu Hong‐Mei , Zhu Jing , Li Shuang‐Jie , OuYang Wen‐Xian , Yang Yong‐Feng , Lu Yi , Xie Xin‐Bao , Xing Qing‐He , Wang Jian‐She 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsBiallelic pathogenic variants in MYO5B cause microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), or familial intrahepatic cholestasis (FIC). The reported FIC patients are scarce and so the genotype‐phenotype correlation has not been fully characterised. This study aimed to report more MYO5B‐associated FIC patients and correlate genotypes to phenotypes in more detail.MethodsThe phenotype and genetic data of 12 newly diagnosed MYO5B‐associated (including 11 FIC) patients, as well as 118 previously reported patients with available genotypes, were summarised. Only patients with biallelic MYO5B variants were enrolled. Nonsense, frameshift, canonical splice sites, initiation codon loss, and single exon or multiexon deletion were defined as null MYO5B variants.ResultsPhenotypically, 50 were isolated MVID, 47 involved both liver and intestine (combined), and 33 were isolated FIC (9 persistent, 15 recurrent, 3 transient, and 6 un‐sub‐classified) patients. The severity of intestinal manifestation was positively correlated to an increased number of null variants (ρ = 0.299, P = .001). All FIC patients carried at least one non‐null variant, and the severity of cholestasis was correlated to the presence of a null variant (ρ = 0.420, P = .029). The proportion of FIC patients (16/29, 55%) harbouring missense/in‐frame variants affecting the non‐motor regions of MYO5B was significantly higher than that of MVID (3/25, 12%, P = .001) and combined patients (3/31, 10%, P = .000). 10 of the 29 FIC patients harboured missense/in‐frame variants at the IQ motifs comparing to none in the 56 MVID and combined patients (P = .000).ConclusionsThe phenotype of MYO5B deficiency was associated with MYO5B genotypes, the nullity or the domain affected.
A Flourishing Brain in the 21st Century: A Scoping Review of the Impact of Developing Good Habits for Mind, Brain, Well‐Being, and Learning
Authors: Ekman Rolf , Fletcher Anna , Giota Joanna , Eriksson Axel , Thomas Bertil , Bååthe Fredrik 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTEmerging scientific knowledge such as the role of epigenetics and neuroplasticity—the brain's capability to constantly rewire with every action, experience, and thought—is fundamentally changing our understanding of the potential impact we can have on our brain. Our brain is formed by our habits in interaction with our body, the environment, influenced by our lifestyle, successes, failures, and traumas. Neuroplasticity proves that every student's brain is a work in progress, and it is never too late to take better care of one's cognitive fitness. This review presents a repertoire of good habits (GHs). Combined, we suggest that these GHs provide conditions for optimal brain health, by acting as a “Mental Vaccine” which enhances the brain's resilience to brain health‐degrading challenges. We argue that schools have a crucial role to play in empowering students to increase their own stress resilience, well‐being, and learning by developing their own GHs profile.