bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between body mass index, waist hip ratio, blood sugar and blood pressure in young adults
Authors: Basarigidad Tejashwini , C P Ganashree 
Published: April 2021

Obesity is defined as excessive accumulation of fat in various tissues in the body which causes ill health in the body. The basic cause of obesity is imbalance between calories intake and calories expenditure There is increased intake of calorie rich foods and reduced physical activity due to urbanization all over the world.Body mass index is simple formula to classify obesity in adults. It is defined as person’s weight in kilograms divided by height in meter squares (m).Obesity and elevated BMI are the major causes for development of chronic diseases like stroke, hypertension, Type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular disorders.BMI and waist hip ratio are the modifiable risk factors of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. This study was undertaken to assess the relationship between BMI, waist hip ratio, Random blood sugar and blood pressure. This study comprises 45 males and 55 females (100 in total) young adults aged between 18 to 30 years. The design for this study was cross-sectional survey. Ethical approval was taken from ethical committee of BMCH, Chitradurga. BMI, Blood pressure, Waist hip ratio and random blood sugar levels are measured from the subjects. A total of 100 subjects are examined. Among them 45 males are males and 55 females. The mean age of the subjects was 25 years. Among them, 30 were overweight and 17 were obese while, 4 were underweight. The mean BMI was 26.72±3.45 Kg/m. The mean WHR was 0.92±0.12. Among the participants 63 had abnormally high WHR (&#62;0.95 in males and &#62; 0.80 in females). Mean RBS was 95.43±19.54 mg/dl.Both diastolic and systolic blood pressures increased significantly with increased BMI status and abnormally elevated WHR than in participants with normal WHR. RBS was also significantly higher in those with elevated WHR than in those with normal WHR. Raised BMI and abnormally elevated waist hip ratio are positively correlated with random blood sugar levels and blood pressure in Young adults. Therefore young population all over world are at risk of developing chronic diseases like hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cancer, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases later in their life. Therefore BMI and waist hip ratio should be routinely checked and monitored in young population to prevent future development of chronic diseases; 2: There is need for promotion of a healthy life style, regular exercise, healthy nutrition, stress free life in young population.
A study of the incidence of Metopism in adult skulls of Nellore district of south coastal Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sucharitha T M , Phanindra S V 
Published: April 2021

Metopic suture is present between two halves of the frontal bone of the Skull of infants and children. By about 6-8 years, it disappears; the persistence of metopic suture is called Metopism.To study the incidence of Metopic suture in adult skulls of Nellore South coastal District of Andhra Pradesh.A study was conducted to observe the incidence of Metopic suture in adult skulls of Nellore south coastal district of Andhra Pradesh. For this purpose, 82 Skulls belonging to the Departments Anatomy and Forensic Medicine and Toxicology of Narayana Medical College, Nellore, are observed.Two out of 82 skulls showed Metopism.The incidence of Metopism in the present study is 2.4% and is compared to similar studies.
Cadaveric study of an accessory lobe of liver and its clinical significance
Authors: Sawant S P , Rizvi Shaheen 
Published: April 2021

The complexity of liver function and its importance to life has encouraged many anatomists to study the morphological features of the liver in great detail. Despite recent technological advances like CT, MRI and USG, detailed study of the cadaveric liver can still contribute to identification of important anatomical variations.The liver can present a number of congenital anomalies. More common among them are the irregularities of the shape and the number of lobules. The less common variations include the presence of accessory lobes or accessory livers. The accessory lobes may be attached to the liver through a mesentery or a bridge of the hepatic tissue and they are usually asymptomatic. An accessory liver lobe is a very rare occurrence and when it exists, it becomes clinically important because of its rarity. A study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy of K. J. Somaiya Medical College in which 50 liver from donated embalmed cadavers were examined for the presence of accessory lobe. Only cadavers, whose clinical history excluded liver diseases, were used for the study. 10% specimens showed accessory lobe. All are present on the under surface of liver.Among the less common abnormalities, are the formations of accessory lobes. Accessory lobes may carry the risk of torsion. Knowledge of the presence of a small accessory lobe of the liver near the porta hepatis is useful for surgeons and radiologists in diagnosing, surgical planning and avoiding iatrogenic injuries of the accessory lobe.
A comparative study on pulmonary function tests in smokers & nonsmokers
Authors: Dutt Shishir , Gogia Taruna , Gupta Manisha 
Published: April 2021

Cigarette smoking leads to development of cancers, cardiovascular, respiratory diseases including COPD. It poses a health challenge in reducing morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. Spirometry in smokers may show reduction in lung function parameters.A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare level institute in Greater Noida on 100 smokers and 100 Nonsmokers total 200 healthy asymptomatic male subjects. Spirometry by RMS Helios spirometer 401 was conducted according to American Thoracic society guidelines after enrolling the subject based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and collected data was analysed with epi info 7 software using appropriate statistical methods. Smokers and Nonsmokers were not much different in mean age and other physical parameters. Pulmonary function parameters like FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF are significantly less in Smokers as compared to Nonsmokers. With increasing smoking index (duration in years x number of cigarettes smoked per day) heavy smokers showed greater decline in lung function FVC and FEV1 like they showed with increasing age.All the lung function test parameters showa significant decline in asymptomatic Smokers as compared to Nonsmokers. Therefore, by conducting spirometry, especially in smokers, cases may be detected at early stage and subsequent morbidity may be lessened.
Prevalence and determinants of peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: M N Arpith , Narayan Vandana 
Published: April 2021

: Diabetic neuropathy is a common disorder and is defined as signs and symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction in a patient with diabetes mellitus in whom other causes of peripheral nerve dysfunction have been excluded. The incidence of diabetic neuropathy is not well-known but in a study from south India 19.1% type 2 diabetic patients had peripheral neuropathy.: To study the prevalence and identify relevant determinants of peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from 18 months to 3 years.All the patients attending camp in my clinic, mysuru from Jan 2020 to March 2020, 150 patients having diabetes were selected randomly, including both males and females of age group 35-50 years. The average duration of diabetes mellitus was 18 months to 3 years. They were categorized as neuropathy group and non-neuropathy group. All the patients were assessed for control of glycaemia by checking fasting blood glucose, post prandial blood glucose, blood pressure levels and Michigan neuropathy screening test were also compared.: The study found that known cases of diabetic mellitus had early signs of peripheral neuropathy. Hence it is recommended to test the signs of peripheral neuropathy in early cases of diabetes mellitus as well, to decrease the overall morbidity in the patients.
Study on learning styles of first year medical students attending CBME curriculum at a medical college of Bihar
Authors: Kiran Chandra , Madhu Nimisha , Prasad Rajendra , Kumari Suman , Singh Ramanuj , Lal Prabhat Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Students vary in their preference of learning styles. CBME has provided opportunity to introduce new learning techniques. Students are also exposed to basics of adult education. Assessment of learning styles using VARK has been widely adopted. The present study was conducted to recognize the learning styles of first year medical students attending anatomy classes as per CBME curriculum in a medical college of Bihar. The present study was cross-sectional in nature conducted upon 118 first year medical students attending anatomy classes as per CBME curriculum. Self administered VARK questionnaire was given to the students. Data was analyzed and inferences were drawn.Mean age of the students was 17.9 years. Multimodal style of learning was universally preferred. 89% preferred quadrimodal, 9% trimodal and 2% bimodal styles. Visual style was preferred by 89%, Auditory as well as Read/ write style each by 95.8% and Kinesthetic style by 93.2%. Students must be aware of their preferences of learning styles. Teachers must also be oriented towards the same to provide choices of learning methods to the students to increase learning outcomes.
The effect of smoking on the cardiovascular autonomic functions tests
Authors: Basarigidad Tejashwini , C P Ganashree 
Published: April 2021

Tobacco smoking is one of the major causes of preventable morbidity and mortality all over world. Smoking affects the cardiovascular system by several mechanisms. The present study was planned to study the effect of smoking on the cardiovascular autonomic functions among smokers.This study comprises 50 male subjects aged between 20 to 30 years, who included 25 smokers who formed cases and 25 non-smokers who formed the control groups were selected for this study. The design for this study is cross-sectional survey. The subjects were from patients who attended medicine OPD. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are followed in selecting participants. 1: Prior informed written consents were obtained from them after explaining to them, the procedure and the purpose of the study tests; 2. Ethical approval was taken from ethical committee of BMCH, Chitradurga.The cardiovascular autonomic function tests were assessed by using a CANWIN AUTONOMIC ANALYSER which was available in the department.In our study, it was observed that there was significant difference between the mean values of the para-sympathetic function tests among the smokers and the non-smokers (i.e. p&#60;0.01) The Resting Heart Rate had significantly increased and the Expiration: Inspiration Ratio, the 30:15 Ratio (Response to standing) and the Valsalva Ratio had significantly decreased in the smokers as compared to those in the non-smokers. In this study, it was observed that there was no significant difference between the mean values of the Postural hypotension test (i.e. p&#62;0.05) and that there was a highly significant difference between the mean values of the Sustained handgrip test in the smokers and the non-smokers (i.e. p&#60;0.01). The Resting Heart Rate had significantly increased in case of smokers as compared to non-smokers due to increased sympathetic activity due to release of catecholamines. The Expiration: Inspiration Ratio, 30:15 Ratio (Response to standing) and the Valsalva Ratio had significantly decreased in the smokers as compared to those in the non-smokers due to derangement in parasympathetic activity.In sustained handgrip test, rise in blood pressure is decreased in smokers as compared to non-smokers due to reduced sympathetic activity.
Gamificação na área de Tecnologia da Informação de uma indústria metalomecânica: um estudo de caso
Authors: Miri Daniel Hank , Dos Santos Josiane Guimarães , Matte Juliana , Chais Cassiane , Olea Pelayo Munhoz 
Published: April 2021

Gamificação é o uso das características dos jogos em atividades que não têm como foco o entretenimento. Fazem parte de uma ferramenta de gamificação a motivação e o engajamento, aspectos que podem ser explorados no ambiente de trabalho. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar como a gamificação na área de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) de uma indústria metalomecânica promove a motivação e o engajamento no ambiente de trabalho. Para isso, adotou-se uma metodologia qualitativa e exploratória, com a aplicação de seis entrevistassemiestruturadas, além da coleta de documentos e da realização de um relatório de observação direta. Em seguida, empregou-se o software NVivo 11® na triangulação dos dados e análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciam que as atividades eram realizadas de forma individual, o que incentivava a competitividade entre os colegas da área, e que a gamificação propiciou um resultado satisfatório na motivação e no engajamento dos funcionários no ambiente de trabalho. Conclui-se, assim, que a gestão da área de TI deve estar atenta ao aperfeiçoamento de regras, recompensas e feedbacks e que o desenvolvimento e a gestão da área podem buscar novas possibilidades de atividades e de uso dos elementos da gamificação.
A dinâmica da diversidade geracional nas organizações: estudo multicasos
Authors: Colet Daniela Siqueira , Mozzato Anelise Rebelato 
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a dinâmica da diversidade geracional nas organizações. Para atender ao objetivo, realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória, do tipo multicasos e com abordagemqualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, história de vida, grupo focal e observação não participante, abrangendo vinte e cinco participantes de duas empresas de grande porte do setor de alimentos e metalmecânico. Com a triangulação, os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo, com apoio do programa de análise em pesquisa qualitativa NVivo®10. A dinâmica geracional nas organizações estudadas evidenciou que há um bom relacionamento, comunicação e aprendizagem entre as gerações, entretanto,não se negam os possíveis conflitos que naturalmente podem acontecer entre os trabalhadores independentemente de geração. As evidências empíricas também demonstram que a geração dos trabalhadores não interfere tanto no comportamento e que este depende do comprometimento, do perfi l comportamental, da classe social, da idade, dosciclos de vida, das motivações e escolhas pessoais, bem como das histórias de vida e contexto cultural de cada um. Portanto, conclui-se que o importante é a adoção de uma análise relacional que tenha como foco a co-construção e a complementaridade do convívio multigeracional nas organizações.
Tijera contra papel. Vetos y obstaculizaciones a la música underground: el caso vasco
Authors: Mota Zurdo David 
Published: April 2021

<span>En el presente artículo se analiza la evolución de la música <em>underground</em>española. Se cruza con las opiniones vertidas por los medios de comunicación generalistas y se presta especial atención a los medios coercitivos que ha utilizado el aparato punitivo del Estado para desde entonces sancionar ciertas expresiones culturales en detrimento de otras durante la etapa democrática. Todo ello, se aborda desde la perspectiva histórica de la Nueva Historia Política y busca problematizar la cuestión de los límites de la libertad de expresión, estableciendo nexos pasado-presente, que tanto están afectando a día de hoy al medio cultural español.</span>
Cuidado, valores y género: la distribución de roles familiares en el imaginario colectivo de la sociedad española
Authors: Aristegui Fradua Iratxe , Beloki Marañón Usue , Royo Prieto Raquel , Silvestre Cabrera María 
Published: April 2021

<p>El Equipo Deusto Valores de la Universidad de Deusto, al que pertenecen las autoras de este texto, representa a España en la EVS y ha sido la encargada de aplicar la encuesta también en su última edición 2018 (trabajo de campo entre diciembre de 2017 y enero de 2018), para lo que ha contado con la financiación otorgada al proyecto <em>Cambio de valores en España y en Europa: identidad europea, justicia social y solidaridad ante nuevos escenarios</em> (Ref.: CSO2016-77057-R) en el Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad en la convocatoria de 2016.</p>Este artículo analiza de forma descriptiva algunos datos de la Encuesta Europea de Valores (EVS) en su aplicación en España en 2018. En este caso, nos hemos centrado en el estudio de los valores asociados con las tareas del cuidado, tanto de la prole como de la generación ascendente. El principal objetivo de este trabajo ha sido comprobar si conviven nuevos roles laborales con viejos roles domésticos asociados a las mujeres, o si la sociedad, al menos a nivel valorativo y discursivo, está construyendo nuevas formas de asumir las tareas de cuidado. En este sentido, podemos afirmar que nos hemos encontrado con una distancia entre la práctica del cuidado y la concepción de la responsabilidad del cuidado.
FACTORES QUE INTERFIEREN EN EL INCUMPLIMIENTO DE LAS EXPECTATIVAS REPRODUCTIVAS DE LAS MUJERES ESPAÑOLAS
Authors: Baranda Ortiz Aidee 
Published: April 2021

<p>El objetivo de este artículo consiste en comprobar la brecha entre el número de hijos deseados y el número de hijos reales en las mujeres españolas y conocer los motivos personales y los factores estructurales que pueden incidir en dicha brecha. Para ello, se han utilizado los datos de la Encuesta de Fecundidad 2018 del Instituto Nacional de estadística. En concreto, se han seleccionado a mujeres entre 45 y 55 años, que son las que ya han finalizado su ciclo reproductivo y se han realizado dos modelos de regresión logística binaria, uno para las mujeres que no han tenido hijos, y otro para aquellas que han sido madres, pero han tenido menos de los deseados. Los resultados apuntan a que dicha brecha existe y que el ideal de los dos hijos sigue arraigado. También se observa que un retraso en la edad de la primera maternidad hace que el número final de hijos sea menor que el deseado. Este grupo de mujeres también menciona los problemas de salud, la falta de recursos económicos y a la dificultad de compatibilizar la vida laboral y familiar como motivos por los que no han cumplido sus deseos reproductivos. La infecundidad se da principalmente como consecuencia de una decisión personal de no querer ser madre y por problemas de salud. Respecto al nivel de estudios, se ve que aquellas con estudios primarios, en comparación a las mujeres con estudios universitarios, son las que desearían haber tenido hijos.</p>
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PLAY ACTIVITIES IN COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AGE 1 - 2 YEARS OLD
Authors: Hanita Hanita 
Published: April 2021

<p>Parents, schools and government should pay great attention to early childhood education and knowledge. Early childhood is nurtured and stimulated according to the wishes and abilities of each child with the hope that they can grow accordingly and develop as they should. Play is every child's right. Playing is a land for children to express all forms of behavior that are fun and without coercion. Play has a role to support children's growth and development, especially in the development of cognitive aspects. This study identifies the role of play activities on knowledge of children aged 1-2 years. Quantitative research and using a simple paradigm of the relationship of two variables. The data analysis technique used in this study was the parametric correlation analysis perarson product moment. The results of the study The value of sig (0.003) &lt;a then H0 is rejected. So that there is a correlation between the role of play activities and the cognitive development of children 1-2 years. The correlation coefficient value shows the effect of the role of playing activities on cognitive development of children 1-2 years of 0.598 or 59.8%. So that the correlation is 40.2%, maybe there is a relationship with other elements.</p>
The reciprocal loop of MALAT1 and HIF-1α facilitates gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer by enhancing glycolysis
Authors: Zhang Zhengle , Zhao Hengqiang , Yang Wenbin , Zhao Chuanbing , Tang Zhigang , Mei Pei , Gong Qiong , Tao Jing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Profound chemoresistance is a prominent and intractable problem in pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine, a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for pancreatic cancer, has provided only minimal benefits for patients; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated. Enhanced aerobic glycolysis has been suggested to be correlated with the phenotype of drug resistance, while MALAT1 has been indicated to be associated with poor gemcitabine response. However, the implicated regulatory mechanisms still need to be further explored.Methods: The mRNA level of MALAT1, HIF-1α, and glycolytic enzymes were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The protein level of HIF-1α and glycolytic enzymes were detected by western blot analysis. The glucose uptake and lactate level were measured by glucose uptake and lactate production assay, respectively. The cell apoptosis was evaluated by apoptosis analysis using Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining. The sensitivity to gemcitabine was measured by MTT assay. The binding of HIF-1α to the promoter of MALAT1 was tested by ChIP assay. The xenograft model of pancreatic cancer was established to examine the combined effect of MALAT1 knockdown and gemcitabine chemotherapy in vivo. Results: In this study, we showed that low concentrations of gemcitabine promoted the expression of key glycolytic enzymes, such as GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA, as well as glucose uptake and lactate production in pancreatic cancer cells, while inhibition of glycolysis suppressed gemcitabine chemoresistance. In addition, we found that MALAT1 expression was induced by gemcitabine and mediated enhanced glycolysis and chemoresistance. Silencing MALAT1 inhibited the level of gemcitabine-induced HIF-1α expression and reinforced gemcitabine-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, HIF-1α could bind the promoter of MALAT1 transcriptionally and mediate the glycolysis induced by gemcitabine. Conclusions: Our data suggest a critical role of glycolytic metabolism in acquired gemcitabine resistance through the positive feedback loop of MALAT1 and the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Our results will provide a basis for developing potential therapeutic targets to reverse gemcitabine resistance.
Experiment and Simulation of Erosion Mechanism and Deformation Characteristics in Al6061-T6 beam due to Rhomboid Particle Impacts
Authors: Du MingChao , Li Zengliang , Dong Xiangwei , Fan Chunyong , Che Jiaqi , Zhang Yanwen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The erosion mechanism and deformation characteristics of rhomboid-shaped particle impacting metal beam are studied. Physical experiments of rhomboid-shaped particle impacting cantilever beam and fixed-fixed beam are carried out respectively. The erosion behavior of particles and deformation characteristics of beam are captured by high-speed imaging system. Meanwhile, the numerical models of rhomboid-shaped particle impacting beam, based on FEM-SPH coupled method, are established. The effects of the geometrical parameters of the beam, the incident conditions of particle and the impact position on the elastic-plastic deformation of beam and rebound behavior of particles are further analyzed. The results show: (1) The width of cantilever beam affects its maximum deflection and deformation; (2) The threshold value of breakdown velocity is controlled by the substrate size; (3) The increment of internal energy is basically independent of the impact position; (4) The deflection value at impact position of beam is maximized under the critical impact condition.