bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implementation of CDK 4/6 inhibitors and its impact on treatment choices in HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer patients: A study of the Dutch SONABRE Registry
Authors: Meegdes Marissa , Geurts Sandra M. E. , Erdkamp Frans L. G. , Dercksen Marcus Wouter , Vriens Birgit E. P. J. , Aaldering Kirsten N. A. , Pepels Manon J. A. E. , van de Winkel Linda M. H. , Teeuwen Nathalie J. A. , de Boer Maaike , Tjan‐Heijnen Vivianne C. G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn August 2017, cyclin‐dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have been reimbursed in the Netherlands for patients with hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER2 negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer (ABC). This study evaluates the implementation of CDK4/6 inhibitors and changes in treatment choices in the Netherlands. All patients diagnosed with HR+/HER2− ABC in 2009 to 2018 in seven hospitals were selected from the Southeast Netherlands Advanced Breast cancer (SONABRE) registry. The 2‐year cumulative use of CDK4/6 inhibitors since reimbursement date (August 2017) was assessed using competing‐risk methodology in two cohorts. The first cohort included patients with ABC diagnosis between August 2017 and December 2018. The second cohort included patients with ABC diagnosis between 2009 and August 2017, and still alive on August 1, 2017. In addition, treatment choices in the first three lines of therapy in calendar years 2009 to 2018 were evaluated for the total study population. Among patients diagnosed since August 2017 (n = 214), 50% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 43‐57) received CDK4/6 inhibitors within 2 years beyond diagnosis. Of eligible patients diagnosed before August 2017 (n = 417), 31% (95% CI = 27‐36) received CDK4/6 inhibitors within 2 years following reimbursement. Another 20% of both cohorts are still CDK4/6 inhibitor naïve and on first‐line therapy. The use of chemotherapy decreased in first two lines of therapy between 2009 and 2018 (first‐line: 29%‐13%; second‐line: 26%‐19%). The implementation rate of CDK4/6 inhibitors since reimbursement is currently 50% within 2 years beyond diagnosis and is expected to increase further. The implementation of targeted therapy decreased the use of chemotherapy as first‐line therapy.
Private lenders and borrowers’ internal control weaknesses
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmudul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study examines whether the presence of private lenders is associated with the effectiveness of borrowers’ internal controls. I provide evidence that the presence of private lenders is an important determinant of internal control weaknesses in borrower firms. To monitor loan contracts, lenders use borrowers’ financial information, reliability of which to a great extent depends on the effectiveness of borrowers’ internal controls. I argue that lenders are likely to influence borrowers to maintain effective internal controls so that they can reliably use borrowers’ financial reporting information. Using a battery of tests, I find that the presence of private lenders has a significant negative association with the probability of borrowers’ disclosing a material weakness in internal controls.
Schizophrenia, the self and psychotherapy: Is there really anything new under the sun?
Authors: Lysaker Paul H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis issue of In Session in The Journal of Clinical Psychology offers in depth case studies of psychotherapy for persons with differing types of schizophrenia spectrum disorders across international settings.MethodTo understand the context and import of this work, this commentary explores commonalities of this work with past work including respect for patients' autonomy, compassion, and attention to the therapeutic relationship. The commentary then discusses themes which harken to the past including framing psychosis as something than can be understood jointly by therapist and patient rather than being unilaterally imposed.ResultsIt is suggested that this work is emblematic of new movements in the literature which focus on the person who is experiencing schizophrenia.ConclusionsThis focus extends to understanding the purposes, place of the person in the world and their possibilities, which enables them to make sense of what they need and how want to manage their own recovery.
Trimethylamine N‐oxide exacerbates acetaminophen‐induced liver injury by interfering with macrophage‐mediated liver regeneration
Authors: Yan Mingzhu , Zhao Chong , Lu Shangyun , Cui Jinling , Sun Zhenou , Liu Xiaoyi , Liu Shuo , Huo Yazhen , Yin Shutao , Hu Hongbo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP)‐induced acute liver injury (AILI) is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure in developed countries. Trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite derived from the gut microbiota and is relatively high in the circulation of the elderly, individuals with diabetes, and heart disease. Herein, we showed that TMAO exacerbates APAP hepatotoxicity. It is possible that delayed liver repair and regeneration that resulted from reduced macrophage accumulation was responsible for this combined hepatotoxicity. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase 12 (Mmp12), expressed predominantly by macrophages, were reduced by TMAO in vitro and in vivo. This led to the inhibition of macrophage migration and a subsequent decrease in the recruitment of proresolving macrophages to the necrosis area. Furthermore, the administration of recombinant Mmp12 mitigated the enhanced hepatotoxicity in mice cotreated with TMAO and APAP. Overall, this study indicates that TMAO exacerbates APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity by hindering macrophage‐mediated liver repair, which might stem from the inhibition of Mmp12. These findings imply that liver damage in patients with high levels of circulating TMAO may be more severe in AILI and should exercise caution when treating with NAC.
Features of capsule endoscopy in COVID‐19 patients with a six‐month follow‐up: A prospective observational study
Authors: Xie Xiao‐Ping , Sheng Li‐Ping , Han Chao‐Qun , Jin Yu , Bai Tao , Lin Rong , Ding Zhen , Hou Xiao‐Hua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused a global pandemic. Several studies indicate that the digestive system can also be affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Therefore, patients with digestive symptoms should have a capsule endoscopy (CE). COVID‐19 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms who underwent CE were recruited from March 2020 to April 2020. We collected patients’ data and performed a prospective follow‐up study for 6 months. All 11 COVID‐19 cases with GI symptoms who underwent CE presented gastritis. Eight cases (72.7%) had intestinal mucosa inflammation. Among them, two cases showed intestinal ulcers or erosions. Moreover, two cases displayed colonic mucositis. One case was lost during follow‐up. At 3–6 months after hospital discharge, five patients underwent CE again, presenting gastrointestinal lesions. Five of the 10 cases had GI symptoms, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and others. Among these five cases, the GI symptoms of three patients disappeared at the last follow‐up and two patients still presented diarrhea symptoms. Overall, we observed damaged digestive tract mucosa that could be caused by SARS‐CoV‐2. Moreover, after discharge, some patients still presented intestinal lesions and GI symptoms.
Agroclimatic indices across the Canadian Prairies under a changing climate and their implications for agriculture
Authors: Chipanshi Aston , Berry Mark , Zhang Yinsuo , Qian Budong , Steier Garrett 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the objective of trying to understand the adaptability of agriculture across the Canadian Prairies under climate change, simple‐to‐use agroclimatic indices were calculated for the base climate period of 1981 to 2010 and for both the medium (RCP4.5) and high (RCP8.5) emission projections extending to the distant future (2071–2100). The agroclimatic indices included the Effective Growing Degree Days (EGDDs), Growing Season Length (GSL), the Climate Moisture Index (CMI), and the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). For climate change in 30‐year periods, these indices were calculated as multi‐model ensembles of six Global Climate Models recommended under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for the study area. We found that the GSL, EGDDs, CMI, and THI were amplified above the values of the base climate period in the order of 40–50 days, 600–1200 heat units, −100 to −120 mm and 3–4 THI units by the close of the distant future (2071–2100) under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. This amplification has implications on where crop and livestock production could become more suitable or riskier in future. Opportunities include expanding crop and livestock production to more northerly regions which currently have insufficient heat units, a short growing season and unfavourable temperature humidity thresholds for livestock production. Moisture deficits will continue to be the greatest risk during the growing season under climate change scenarios but options exist to implement adaptive measures such as staggering seeding times to take advantage of moisture availability in the spring and autumn seasons and crop substitution. This study has relevance for policy and program formulation and implementation in Canada's agricultural regions and potentially, other areas of the world with similar climate change outcomes.
Preoperative neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio predicts the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Kato Takashi , Oshikiri Taro , Goto Hironobu , Urakawa Naoki , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Kanaji Shingo , Yamashita Kimihiro , Matsuda Takeru , Nakamura Tetsu , Suzuki Satoshi , Kakeji Yoshihiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundOne of the primary treatment for resectable advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Because the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a widely reported prognostic factor in several cancers, we investigated whether the preoperative NLR is a biomarker in ESCC patients treated with NAC and MIE.MethodsIn this study, we investigated 174 ESCC patients who underwent MIE from January 2010 to December 2015, including 121 patients who received NAC. The cutoff value of the NLR was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Multivariate analyses were performed to clarify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).ResultsThe cutoff value of the NLR for OS in 121 patients who received NAC was 2.5 ng/ml, and the area under the curve was 0.63026 (p = 0.0127). The 5‐year OS rate was 64% in those with an NLR <2.5 and 39% in those with an NLR ≥2.5. According to multivariate analysis, NLR ≥2.5, pathological T, pathological N, and intraoperative blood loss of >415 ml were independent poor prognostic factors.ConclusionsNLR is a biomarker of prognosis in ESCC patients who undergo MIE after NAC.
Noncommunicable disease risk factors among the trainee doctors of a tertiary level diabetes hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Tonima , Faruque Mithila , Banik Palash Chandra , Sultana Sharmin , Amin Feroz , Zaman Mohammad Mostafa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDoctors, despite being the public health leaders, are predisposed to the early development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This study was done to determine the prevalence of risk factors of NCDs among doctors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among the doctors of a course under the Distance Learning Program at BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka. It was done from March 2015 to February 2016. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire, and physical and biochemical measurements. However, the measured variables were collected by the investigators. WHO STEPS questionnaire V 3.1, with adaptation to the local context, was used.ResultsA total of 404 (223 men and 181 women) of 451 registered doctors participated (89.6%) in the study. The prevalence of smoking was 18.8% among men, and there was no woman smoker. Among the respondents, 17% of men and 0.6% of women drank alcohol at least once in their lifetime. Low physical activity (<600 MET‐min/week) was reported by 44.4% of men and 34.3% of women. Less than a quarter of them (22.3%) consumed five or more servings of fruit and vegetables. Almost 13% had high blood pressure, and 44.8% were overweight or obese. A total of 3.2% were diabetic, and 5.9% had hypercholesterolemia.ConclusionHigh prevalence of NCD risk factors among the doctors in this study highlights the need to create awareness among them.
Organizational hindrances to Healthcare 4.0 adoption: An multi‐criteria decision analysis framework
Authors: Gardas Bhaskar B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDue to the latest developments in the healthcare sector, the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare services are being improved. This investigation aims to shortlist the organizational hindrances that influence the adoption of Healthcare 4.0 technologies and model the mutual relationship between them using the DEMATEL methodology. In addition, this study offers a cause‐effect relationship between the barriers and helps to identify the most important challenges to the adoption of Healthcare 4.0 technologies. By reviewing the literature and consulting experts in the case domain, 10 hindrances were identified. The findings of the study highlighted three causal factors namely ‘Lack of vision and commitment from the top management’, ‘Hierarchical structure’, and ‘Lack of skilled workforce’ as critical ones that have the significant causality intensity; whereas, ‘Lack of R&D facilities’ was found be the least significant barrier which belongs to the effect category. It may be noted that the causal factors need to be addressed by the top management of the healthcare organizations for the successful adoption of Health 4.0. Further, the elimination of the causal factors identified by this study would help in reducing the cost of the treatment and enhance the patients' experience. In addition, this research aims to guide managers/decision‐makers of healthcare organizations to deduce policies for the adoption of the latest technologies in the case sector.
A Synthesis of Juvenile Coastal Cutthroat Trout Emigration Studies: Considerations for Researchers and Resource Managers
Authors: Burns Christopher W. , Ptolemy Ronald A. , Tschaplinski Peter J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
For the management of Coastal Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii, resource managers require abundance estimates and demographic structure of juvenile emigrants. However, Coastal Cutthroat Trout research and monitoring have been confounded by the variability in assessment approaches and ecological plasticity of the subspecies. The primary purpose of this study is to help address this current Coastal Cutthroat Trout fisheries management issue by conducting a synthesis of juvenile emigration studies and proposing solutions that should be considered by resource managers when designing juvenile emigration studies. A total of 100 studies conducted in British Columbia and Washington since the 1970s, representing 1,100 annual estimates, were reviewed. The results of this review highlighted inconsistencies in study timing, biological data collection, juvenile emigrant life stage assignments, species identification, and ecotype assumptions. Solutions to address these inconsistencies include increased recognition of juvenile emigrant studies targeting Coastal Cutthroat Trout, strengthened partnerships and data sharing between management agencies, implementation of a life stage assignment standard for juvenile emigration studies, implementation of a field-based and genetic classification model to quantify study-specific identification error rates of juvenile emigrants, and genetic research to determine ecotype expression at the population and individual scales. We highlight the practical issues related to juvenile emigration studies and provide recommendations for management actions to account for the great plasticity in Coastal Cutthroat Trout behavior across the subspecies’ range.
Control of a consumer‐resource agent‐based model using partial differential equation approximation
Authors: Fitzpatrick Ben G. , Federico Paula , Kanarek Andrew , Lenhart Suzanne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAgent‐based models (ABMs) are increasing in popularity as tools to simulate and explore many biological systems. Successes in simulation lead to deeper investigations, from designing systems to optimizing performance. The typically stochastic, rule‐based structure of ABMs, however, does not lend itself to analytic and numerical techniques of optimization the way traditional dynamical systems models do. The goal of this work is to illustrate a technique for approximating ABMs with a partial differential equation (PDE) system to design some management strategies on the ABM. We propose a surrogate modeling approach, using differential equations that admit direct means of determining optimal controls, with a particular focus on environmental heterogeneity in the ABM. We implement this program with both PDE and ordinary differential equation (ODE) approximations on the well‐known rabbits and grass ABM, in which a pest population consumes a resource. The control problem addressed is the reduction of this pest population through an optimal control formulation. After fitting the ODE and PDE models to ABM simulation data in the absence of control, we compute optimal controls using the ODE and PDE models, which we them apply to the ABM. The results show promise for approximating ABMs with differential equations in this context.
A comparative study on dry‐sliding wear behavior of graphene oxide/epoxy nanocomposites functionalized by amino‐ and epoxy‐silane coupling agents
Authors: Jamali Nahid , Rezvani Alireza , Khosravi Hamed , Tohidlou Esmaeil 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo enhance the interfacial bonding between the graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONs) and epoxy (EP) matrix, two different types of silane coupling agents (amino‐ and EP‐silane) were applied to the GONs‐EP nanocomposites. The effects of the silane compound type and silanized GON loading (0.1–0.5 wt% at an interval of 0.2) on the dry‐sliding wear response of GONs‐EP nanocomposites were then studied. The wear tests were conducted under 20 N load and 1000 m sliding distance. The results showed that the wear properties were remarkably improved by the incorporation of silanized GONs to the matrix, and the best wear behavior was obtained at 0.3 wt% silanized GONs. Most importantly, the amino‐silane coupling agent was shown to be more effective in enhancing the wear resistance of the GONs‐EP nanocomposites. After the wear tests, the composite surfaces were studied by scanning electron microscopy to find the predominant mechanisms.
Recent progress in organic field‐effect transistor‐based integrated circuits
Authors: Yan Yongkun , Zhao Yan , Liu Yunqi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOrganic integrated circuits are undergoing rapid development with the extensive research on organic semiconducting materials and the performance improvement of organic field‐effect transistors. Organic integrated circuits not only cover all the major circuit types, their complexity, degree of integration, and performance have also been improved in recent years. In this review, recent advances in the design and fabrication of integrated circuits based on organic field‐effect transistors are reported. The circuits are categorized into digital and analog, which are discussed in detail centering on the structure, fabrication process, and performance. In addition, progress in the modeling and simulation of organic integrated circuits are discussed as well, as they are key issues for the future development of organic electronics.
Unmet supportive care needs, anxiety and depression in haematology patients during watch‐and‐wait
Authors: Damen Marieke D. C. , Westerweel Peter E. , Levin Mark David , Pelle Aline J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThere is growing evidence and awareness of the psychological impact of watch‐and‐wait in patients with indolent haematological malignancy. However, the need for supportive care is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate prevalence of unmet needs, their psychological associates, and prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptomatology.MethodsAdult patients with indolent haematological malignancy, during watch‐and‐wait (n = 122) were included in this cross‐sectional single‐centre study. Participants filled out questionnaires on anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire), coping (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II), distress (distress thermometer), disease‐specific quality of life (The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire) and supportive care needs (Supportive care needs survey – Dutch short version). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify patient‐factors associated with unmet needs.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptomatology were both 7.3%. Unmet needs were reported by 35% (n = 43) of patients. After controlling for covariates, higher levels of distress (β = 0.23, p = 0.05), depression (β = 0.41, p = 0.001), poorer coping (β = 0.35, p = 0.002) and younger age (β = −0.16, p = 0.05) were independently associated with more supportive care needs. The highest unmet needs were reported in domain health system, information & patient support (mean = 23.6 ± 23.0) and psychological domain (mean = 18.7 ± 21.8).ConclusionsOne third of indolent haematology patients during watch‐and‐wait report unmet supportive care needs. Screening for unmet needs and design of interventions is required. A joint approach focused on psychological care, especially on improving psychological flexibility, should be combined with promoting accessibility to health‐services and optimising disease education.
Revised phylogenetic position of Nephrocytium Nägeli (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae), with the description of Nephrocytiaceae fam. nov. and Nephrocytium vieirae sp. nov.
Authors: da Silva Thaís Garcia , Štenclová Lenka , Archanjo Naiara Carolina Pereira , Bagatini Inessa Lacativa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe common planktonic green algal genus Nephrocytium was traditionally assumed to have a close relationship with the genus Oocystis and accordingly has been included in the family Oocystaceae. Although the position of Nephrocytium within the Oocystaceae has differed according to some authors over the years, its inclusion in the family has not been questioned. Following molecular studies of Oocystis, the Oocystaceae (including Nephrocytium) was removed from the class Chlorophyceae and placed in the Trebouxiophyceae. However, recent molecular studies of some of the former Oocystaceae members have returned them to the Chlorophyceae. These studies suggested the placement of Nephrocytium in the Sphaeropleales, but no taxonomic positioning within the order has been determined for the genus. The relocation of Nephrocytium agrees with a strong morphological trait – it lacks the oocystaceaean multilayered ultrastructure of the cell wall. Based on molecular markers (18S rDNA and tufA), and optical and electron microscopy, the present study aimed to establish the relationships of the genus within the Sphaeropleales. The results support the recognition of a new family, the Nephrocytiaceae, to accommodate Nephrocytium. Furthermore, we have carried out a review of previously described Nephrocytium species and based on morphological and molecular data we propose the description of Nephrocytium vieirae sp. nov.