bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypercapnic ventilatory response in epilepsy patients treated with VNS: A case‐control study
Authors: Sainju Rup K. , Dragon Deidre N. , Winnike Harold B. , Ten Eyck Patrick , Granner Mark A. , Gehlbach Brian K. , Richerson George B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveCentral CO2 chemoreception (CCR), a major chemical drive for breathing, can be quantified with a CO2 re‐breathing test to measure the hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR). An attenuated HCVR correlates with the severity of respiratory dysfunction after generalized convulsive seizures and is a potential biomarker for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) risk. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) may reduce SUDEP risk, but for unclear reasons the risk remains higher during the first 2 years after implantation. The vagus nerve has widespread connections in the brainstem, including key areas related to CCR. Here we examined whether chronic electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve induces changes in CCR.MethodsWe compared the HCVR in epilepsy patients with or without an active VNS in a sex‐ and age‐matched case‐control study. Eligible subjects were selected from a cohort of patients who previously underwent HCVR testing. The HCVR slope, change in minute ventilation (VE) with respect to change in end tidal (ET) CO2 (∆ VE/ ∆ ETCO2) during the test was calculated for each subject. Key variables were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out for HCVR slope as dependent variable.ResultsA total of 86 subjects were in the study. HCVR slope was significantly lower in the cases compared to the controls. Cases had longer duration of epilepsy and higher number of anti‐epileptic drugs (AEDs) tried during lifetime. Having active VNS and ETCO2 were associated with a low HCVR slope while high BMI was associated with high HCVR slope in both univariate and multivariate analyses.DiscussionWe found having an active VNS was associated with relatively attenuated HCVR slope. Although duration of epilepsy and number of AEDs tried during lifetime was significantly different between the groups, they were not predictors of HCVR slope in subsequent analysis.ConclusionChronic electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve by VNS may be associated with an attenuated CCR [Correction added on 24 November 2021, after first online publication: The preceding sentence has been revised from “Chronic electrical stimulation of VNS nerve by VNS…”]. A larger prospective study may help to establish the time course of this effect in relation to the time of VNS implantation, whether there is a causal relationship, and determine how it affects SUDEP risk.
Changes of photosynthetic pigments and phytol content at different levels of nitrogen fertilizer in Italian ryegrass fresh herbage and hay
Authors: Lv Renlong , Elsabagh Mabrouk , Obitsu Taketo , Sugino Toshihisa , Kurokawa Yuzo , Kawamura Kensuke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe content of photosynthetic pigments in herbage not only has a strong antioxidant function, but also can improve the health of animals and the quality of livestock products after being ingested by ruminants. Increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments can improve the feed value of herbage, which is of great significance in the process of animal feeding. The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels on the contents of photosynthetic pigments and phytol in fresh Italian ryegrass (IR) herbages and their changes after drying under natural condition over two consecutive seasons. IR variety: Ace (for 2013–2014 season) and Inazuma (for 2015–2016 season) were planted in 3 blocks (4 × 6 m) from two separate fields (≥1 ha), three plots (2 × 2 m) were arranged in each block and three fertilization treatments, control: 0 kg N/ha, 60 N: 60 kg N/ha, and 120 N: 120 kg N/ha, were applied for each block. The results revealed that the crude protein, ether extract, photosynthetic pigments and phytol in IR (fresh herbage and hay) were increased with increasing N fertilizer levels. Photosynthetic pigments decreased obviously by hay preparation (chlorophylls: 40%–70%, phytol: 25%–47%, β‐carotene: 72%–90%, lutein: 31%–69%). The decomposition of phytol and β‐carotene was not affected by the growing year and N fertilizer levels. However, the decomposition of chlorophyll and lutein was affected by growing year, which was higher in 2014 than that in 2016. Also, the contents of total phytol and lutein of the fresh herbage and hay harvested in 2016 were higher (p < .05) than those harvested in 2014. In conclusion, higher N fertilizer levels could increase the photosynthetic pigments and phytol content in IR fresh herbage which contributes to improving the feed value. However, the content of photosynthetic pigments and phytol in IR hay decreased significantly. IR variety may also affect the nutrient content and their degree of decomposition during drying.
Intermittent stocking strategies for the management of Marandu palisade grass in the Brazilian Cerrado biome
Authors: Antunes Lawrene Eduardo , Montagner Denise Baptaglin , Euclides Valéria Pacheco Batista , Taira Carolina de Arruda Queiróz , Echeverria Joilson Roda , Nantes Nayana Nazareth , Orrico Junior Marco Antonio Previdelli 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of pre‐ and post‐grazing targets on the forage accumulation and canopy characteristics of Marandu palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha [Hochst. ex A. Rich.] Stapf. syn. Urochloa brizantha) to define grazing management strategies in Brazil's Cerrado biome. The experimental design comprised a randomized complete block with four replicates in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: two grazing frequencies (95% of light interception (LI95%) and maximum (LIMax) light interception of the forage canopy) and two grazing intensities (10 and 15 cm of post‐grazing canopy height). Pastures were sampled to quantify forage mass and morphological components at pre‐ and post‐grazing. The tillers population density and forage nutritive value were estimated at pre‐grazing. Pastures managed with the LI95% target demonstrated greater basal (1,341 versus 1,193 tillers/m2) and aerial tillers (101 versus 53 tillers/m2) population densities, a greater leaf:stem ratio (3.8 versus 2.0), and a lower canopy height (33 versus 55 cm), forage mass (3,225 versus 4,320 kg/ha), stem proportion (30.6% versus 44.5%), and leaf (2.5% versus 2.8%) and stem (3.4% versus 3.8%) acid detergent lignin content than those managed with the LIMax target. In the Cerrado, Marandu palisade grass must be grazed when the canopy height reaches 33 cm. Furthermore, animals must be removed from the paddocks when the canopy height reaches 15 cm.
Customers’ quality of life, advocacy and banks’ CSR‐fit: A cross‐validated moderated mediation model
Authors: Ogunmokun Oluwatobi A. , Timur Seldjan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing a novel approach to customers’ quality of life research, this study considers quality of life, not as a customer and societal consequence of organizations’ CSR activities as it is often considered in consumer studies, but as an antecedent of customers’ response to organizations’ CSR activities. Focussing on the CSR attribute of fit, this study developed and tested a model that proposes CSR‐fit’s indirect effect on customers’ advocacy through attitudinal loyalty, as moderated by customers’ self‐perception of quality of life. This relationship is investigated in commercial and microfinance banks, to cross‐validate the proposed relationships based on the distinct characteristics of both types of banks. Analysis of data from a Nigerian sample of bank customers reveals that quality of life negatively moderates the relationship between CSR‐fit, attitudinal loyalty and advocacy behaviours of commercial bank customers. For microfinance bank customers, the positive moderating effect of quality of life was only marginally significant. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed alongside suggested directions for future studies.
Recent advances in fishy odour in aquatic fish products, from formation to control
Authors: Liu Yu , Huang Yizhen , Wang Zheming , Cai Shihai , Zhu Beiwei , Dong Xiuping 
Published: July 2021

SummaryAquatic products are one of the most important foods with plenty of high‐quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids (EPA, DHA), a variety of minerals and other essential nutrients. However, the bad smell of fish, such as fishy smell and earthy smell, restricts its production and consumption. The main fishy odour substances from freshwater fish and marine fish are different. The geosmin and 2‐methylisobomeol are the main compounds in freshwater fish, and aldehydes, alcohols and ketones are found in most marine fish. The odour compounds can come from environment like water, feed and alga, enzymolysis and oxidative reactions of protein and lipid. Thus, it is necessary to remove or inhibit odour by managing farming environment like improving water quality, using physical method like adding some substance to cover the bad smell and using some chemical or biological method to prevent enzymolysis or oxidation. Therefore, knowing the composition of fishy substances and understanding their production pathways will play an important role in suppressing fishy substances and improving the competitiveness of consumer production. Besides, it could provide new ideas for innovative deodorising methods.
Towards epistemic justice doing: Examining the experiences and shifts in knowledge of lived experience researchers over the course of a mental health research training programme
Authors: Bellingham Brett , Kemp Holly , Boydell Katherine , Isobel Sophie , Gill Katherine , River Jo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractParticipation of people with lived experience (LE) in mental health research is vital for improving the quality and relevance of research priorities, outcomes, and knowledge translation. Inclusion of people with LE is also recognized as central for achieving health service reform including commitments to human rights, social, and epistemic justice. Although a lack of research training is cited as a barrier to LE participation, few studies have examined the value of training for, or the specific requirements of, people with LE. This study seeks to address this gap. It reports on a longitudinal, qualitative study examining shifts in experience and knowledge, and unmet needs, of people with LE over the course of a coproduced research training programme. Findings indicate that the programme enabled participants to understand the role, value, and levels of LE participation in research. Participants also stressed the importance of the ‘embodied lived expertise’ of LE researchers who co‐delivered the training programme. Nonetheless, participants indicated that they felt unprepared for the challenges of working in systems where LE knowledge is subordinated, and experiences of being silenced and powerless could mirror those previously experienced in mental health services and the community. Participants indicated a need for training that provided them with the epistemic resources to render such experiences intelligible. Findings also indicate that training in participatory research is required for conventional mental health researchers, to support them to navigate power asymmetries and value LE knowledge contributions.
Optimal blood pressure for patients with end‐stage renal disease following coronary interventions
Authors: Yang Ya‐Ling , Chen Su‐Chan , Wu Cheng‐Hsueh , Huang Shao‐Sung , Chan Wan Leong , Lin Shing‐Jong , Chou Chia‐Yu , Chen Jaw‐Wen , Ju‐Pin Pan , Charng Min‐Ji , Chen Ying‐Hwa , Wu Tao‐Cheng , Lu Tse‐Min , Hsu Pai‐Feng , Huang Po‐Hsun , Cheng Hao‐Min , Huang Chin‐Chou , Sung Shih‐Hsien , Lin Yenn‐Jiang , Leu Hsin‐Bang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHypertension is a frequent manifestation of chronic kidney disease but the ideal blood pressure (BP) target in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) (eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73m2) still unclear. The authors aimed to investigate the ideal achieved BP in ESRD patients with CAD after coronary intervention. Five hundred and seventy‐five ESRD patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) were enrolled and their clinical outcomes were analyzed according to the category of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) achieved. The clinical outcomes included major cardiovascular events (MACE) and MACE plus hospitalization for congestive heart failure (total cardiovascular (CV) event).The mean systolic BP was 135.0 ± 24.7 mm Hg and the mean diastolic BP was 70.7 ± 13.1 mm Hg. Systolic BP 140–149 mm Hg and diastolic BP 80–89 mm Hg had the lowest MACE (11.0%; 13.2%) and total CV event (23.3%; 21.1%). Patients with systolic BP < 120 mm Hg had a higher risk of MACE (HR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.17–3.46, p = .008) than those with systolic BP 140–149 mm Hg. Patients with systolic BP ≥ 160 mm Hg (HR: 1.84; 95% CI, 3.27–1.04, p = .04) and diastolic blood BP ≥ 90 mm Hg (HR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.15–4.16, p = .02) had a higher risk of total CV event rate when compared to those with systolic BP 140–149 mm Hg and diastolic BP 80–89 mm Hg. A J‐shaped association between systolic (140–149 mm Hg) and diastolic (80–89 mm Hg) BP and decreased cardiovascular events for CAD was found in patients with ESRD after undergoing PCI in non‐Western population.
Association of RDM1 with osteosarcoma progression via cell cycle and MEK/ERK signalling pathway regulation
Authors: Sheng Jun , Liu Kun , Sun Dawei , Nie Piming , Mu Zhiping , Chen Hui , Zhang Zhengfeng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRAD52 motif‐containing 1 (RDM1), a key regulator of DNA double‐strand break repair and recombination, has been reported to play an important role in the development of various human cancers, such as papillary thyroid carcinoma, neuroblastoma and lung cancer. However, the effect of RDM1 on osteosarcoma (OS) progression remains unclear. Here, this study mainly explored the connection between RDM1 and OS progression, as well as the underlying mechanism. It was found that RDM1 was highly expressed in OS cells compared with human osteoblast cells. Knockdown of RDM1 caused OS cell proliferation inhibition, cell apoptosis promotion and cell cycle arrest at G1 stage, whereas RDM1 overexpression resulted in the opposite phenotypes. Furthermore, RDM1 silencing leads to a significant decrease in tumour growth in xenograft mouse model. RDM1 also increased the protein levels of MEK 1/2 and ERK 1/2. All these findings suggest that RDM1 plays an oncogenic role in OS via stimulating cell cycle transition from G1 to S stage, and regulating MEK/ERK signalling pathway, providing a promising therapeutic factor for the treatment of OS.
Risk Sharing in the EMU: A Time‐Varying Perspective
Authors: Foresti Pasquale , Napolitano Oreste 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe development of effective risk sharing mechanisms is one of the main passages for the success and longevity of a monetary union. In this paper, we study risk sharing, measured as income and consumption smoothing, in the EMU. As we employ time‐varying estimations, we are able to retrieve time patterns of risk sharing for each member country and to compare them with the degree of economic asymmetry within the EMU. Other than documenting the need for stronger risk sharing mechanisms in the EMU, our results also suggest that much more attention should be dedicated to fostering homogeneity in risk sharing across member countries. We document the existence of increasing heterogeneity in the risk sharing capacity between member countries that can potentially exacerbate and amplify the impact of asymmetric shocks and further destabilize the EMU.
Treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. Position statement of the Brazilian expert group GREMCIQ
Authors: Oliveira G.V. , Metsavaht L.D. , Kadunc B.V , Jedwab S.K.K. , Bressan M.S. , Stolf H.O. , Castro R.G. , Bezerra S.M.F.M.C. , Calil D.A. , Addor F.A.Z. , Fraga J.C.S. , Reis C.M.S. , Reis‐Filho E. , Silva M.R. , Ramos‐e‐Silva M. , Hexsel D.M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractKeloids (K) and hypertrophic scars (HS) are abnormal responses to wound healing that occur as the result of dermal inflammation. Despite the advances on their treatment, many patients still suffer from the negative effects of excessive scarring; its approach is impaired by the lack of objective data on different treatments and the large genetic variability among patients and the difficulties in producing multicentre studies. Their incidence among the Brazilian population is high, as the result of an admixture of Amerindians, Europeans and Africans ancestral roots. With the aim of producing multicentre studies on K and HS, a panel of senior Brazilian dermatologists focused on their treatment was invited to contribute with the K and HS Treatment Brazilian Guidelines. In the first part of this study, different treatment modalities for keloids and HS are fully reviewed by the panel. The second part of the study presents a consensus recommendation of treatment for different types of lesions. More than a literature review, this article aims to show the pitfalls and pearls of each therapeutic option, as well as a therapeutic approach by the Panel of Experts on keloids and Scars on a highly mixed population, providing simple guidelines.
Positive genetic covariance and limited thermal tolerance constrain tropical insect responses to global warming
Authors: García‐Robledo Carlos , Baer Christina S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTropical ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to global warming because their physiologies are assumed to be adapted to narrow temperature ranges. This study explores three mechanisms potentially constraining thermal adaptation to global warming in tropical insects: (a) Trade‐offs in genotypic performance at different temperatures (the jack‐of‐all‐trades hypothesis), (b) positive genetic covariance in performance, with some genotypes performing better than others at viable temperatures (the ‘winner’ and ‘loser’ genotypes hypothesis), or (c) limited genetic variation as the potential result of relaxed selection and the loss of genes associated with responses to extreme temperatures (the gene decay hypothesis). We estimated changes in growth and survival rates at multiple temperatures for three tropical rain forest insect herbivores (Cephaloleia rolled‐leaf beetles, Chrysomelidae). We reared 2,746 individuals in a full sibling experimental design, at temperatures known to be experienced by this genus of beetles in nature (i.e. 10–35°C). Significant genetic covariance was positive for 16 traits, supporting the ‘winner’ and ‘loser’ genotypes hypothesis. Only two traits displayed negative cross‐temperature performance correlations. We detected a substantial contribution of genetic variance in traits associated with size and mass (0%–44%), but low heritability in plastic traits such as development time (0%–6%) or survival (0%–4%). Lowland insect populations will most likely decline if current temperatures increase between 2 and 5°C. It is concerning that local adaption is already lagging behind current temperatures. The consequences of maintaining the current global warming trajectory would be devastating for tropical insects. However, if humans can limit or slow warming, many tropical ectotherms might persist in their current locations and potentially adapt to warmer temperatures.
Examining the genetic diversity of the orange blossom wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), across North America
Authors: Erlandson Martin A. , Campbell Erin O. , Otani Jennifer K. , Holowachuk Jennifer , Peralta Julianne , Wist Tyler J. , Hegedus Dwayne D. , Mori Boyd A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe orange blossom wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a significant pest of wheat (Triticum spp.) grown in the Northern Hemisphere. It was accidently introduced to North America over 200 years ago and has subsequently spread throughout the northern Great Plains. Since 2010, several Canadian spring wheat varieties containing the resistance gene Sm1 have been released. Due to the potential of wheat midge populations to evolve virulent biotypes to Sm1, cultivars containing Sm1 are grown with a susceptible cultivar in an interspersed refuge. An understanding of the genetic diversity of wheat midge populations could provide important information on the potential development of resistance to Sm1. In the current study, we used two mitochondrial genes (CO1 and ND4) from wheat midge collected across the northern Great Plains and Québec in North America to assess population structure and genetic diversity. We found limited genetic diversity and population structure across the sampled North American populations. We also assessed North American haplotype similarity to wheat midge collected from Europe and China and found high similarity between North American and European populations, although sampling in Europe was limited. This supports the hypothesis that North American populations originated from Europe.
What MFTs should know about nutrition, psychosocial health, and collaborative care with nutrition professionals
Authors: Novak Josh R. , Robinson Lindsey P. , Korn Leslie E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite sufficient evidence on the role of nutrition in psychosocial health, Marriage and Family Therapists lack the knowledge for sufficient assessment and referrals in treatment. The purpose of this article is to orient MFTs to human metabolism and the effects of various nutrients, or lack thereof, on the psychosocial health in their clients. The roles of several micronutrients and macronutrients will be described as well as the effects of eating patterns and overall metabolic health on mental health. Finally, implications for MFTs as sole practitioners, domains for assessment and psychoeducation, and recommendations for collaborating with nutrition professionals will be discussed.
Distinct dose‐dependent effects of methamphetamine on real‐time dopamine transmission in the rat nucleus accumbens and behaviors
Authors: Bhimani Rohan V. , Vik Megan , Wakabayashi Ken T. , Szalkowski Caitlin , Bass Caroline E. , Park Jinwoo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMethamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant that exerts many of its physiological and psychomotor effects by increasing extracellular dopamine (DA) concentrations in limbic brain regions. While several studies have focused on how potent, neurotoxic doses of METH augment or attenuate DA transmission, the acute effects of lower and behaviorally activating doses of METH on modulating DA regulation (release and clearance) through DA D2 autoreceptors and transporters remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated how systemic administration of escalating, subneurotoxic doses of METH (0.5–5 mg/kg, IP) alter extracellular DA regulation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), in both anesthetized and awake‐behaving rats through the use of in vivo fast‐scan cyclic voltammetry. Pharmacological, electrochemical, and behavioral evidence show that lower doses (≤2.0 mg/kg, IP) of METH enhance extracellular phasic DA concentrations and locomotion as well as stereotypies. In contrast, higher doses (≥5.0 mg/kg) further increase both phasic and baseline DA concentrations and stereotypies but decrease horizontal locomotion. Importantly, our results suggest that acute METH‐induced enhancement of extracellular DA concentrations dose dependently activates D2 autoreceptors. Therefore, these different METH dose‐dependent effects on mesolimbic DA transmission may distinctly impact METH‐induced behavioral changes. This study provides valuable insights regarding how low METH doses alter DA transmission and paves the way for future clinical studies on the reinforcing effects of METH.
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