bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-chemotherapy modified template retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumours
Authors: Zor Murat , Yilmaz Sercan , Topuz Bahadir , Kaya Engin , Yalcin Serdar , Coguplugil Adem Emrah , Ince Mehmet Emin , Gurdal Mesut 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction/background: Although a full bilateral template RPLND
is thought to be the standard of care for the management of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal
residual masses for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT), in the past decade modified
templates have become increasingly popular. In this study, we aimed to present our oncological
and perioperative outcomes of consecutive seventeen NSGCT patients who underwent a modified
template unilateral PC-RPLND for retroperitoneal residual disease.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical
records of 17 consecutive NSGCT patients who underwent modified template unilateral PC-RPLND
in our university hospital between 2017 and 2020. All patients had normal serum tumour markers
with residual disease in the retroperitoneum. Surgical characteristics including the size of
the retroperitoneal residual mass, residual tumor pathology, removed lymph nodes, positive
percentage of removed lymph nodes, accompanying operations, complications, mean operation time
and hospital stay, and long-term results including survival and antegrade ejaculation were
evaluated.
Results: Eleven patients underwent left and six right-sided
surgery. Median residual lymph node diameter was 41mm. Median hospitalisation time was 3.5
days. Median follow-up time was 10.5 months. Necrosis/fibrosis was seen in 6 patients, and
teratoma in 11 patients. No viable tumour was seen. No patients died in the follow-up period.
None of the patients relapsed during follow-up. Ten/seventeen patients had antegrade
ejaculation.
Conclusions: Modified template unilateral PC-RPLND leads to very
good oncological outcomes with decreased perioperative morbidity as well as better antegrade
ejaculation rates. Low volume retroperitoneal disease seems to fit this procedure best.
Physische und psychische Komorbiditäten der Interstitiellen Zystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrom
Authors: Doggweiler Regula , Bschleipfer Thomas 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Risiko von Komorbiditäten chronischer Schmerzstörungen ist bei IC/BPS Patienten höher als
in der gesunden Population. Die häufigsten sind: Endometriose, Reizdarmsyndrom, Fibromyalgie,
chronischem Erschöpfungssyndrom (CFS), Migräne, Panikattacken, Multiple Chemische
Sensitivität, rheumatologische und Autoimmunerkrankungen. Das Leiden unter chronischem Schmerz
kann zu Depression führen. Nicht selten folgt ein sozialer Rückzug. Chronische Schmerzen
können nur erklärt und behandelt werden, wenn die biopsychosoziale Einheit des Menschen
betrachtet wird. Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Umwelt und Individuum sind von zentraler
Bedeutung für die Aufrechterhaltung der Gesundheit sowie die Entstehung und den Verlauf der
Krankheit. Die Situation wird noch delikater, dadurch dass sich die Schmerzen im
Urogenitalbereich lokalisieren. Hier sind gleich drei Funktionsebenen angesiedelt:
Ausscheidung, Reproduktion und Lust. Diese Konstellation prädisponiert zu hoher Anfälligkeit
für ein psychosomatisches Geschehen. Dies bedeutet, dass urogenitale Schmerzen neben der
Erfahrung unangenehmer Sinneserlebnisse auch Gefühlserlebnisse beinhalten, zu welchen neben
der Angst vor Schaden auch Scham und Versagen zählen.
Association of Serum Calcium and Vitamin D with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Thomas Ron Jacob , Goutham M. K. , Bhat Vadisha Srinivas , Kamath Shrinath D. , Aroor Rajeshwary , Bhandary Satheesh Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the common disorders of the peripheral vestibular system. The prevalence of BPPV is found to be higher among middle-aged women.
Objectives To estimate the serum levels of calcium and vitamin D in patients with BPPV, and to study their association.
Methods The present is a hospital-based prospective case-control study. Venous blood samples of the 49 patients with BPPV and an equal number of age- and gender-matched individuals were recruited and submitted to an analysis of the serum levels of calcium and vitamin D.
Results Among the cases, 67.3% were found to be females, and 32.7% were males. Most of the 30 cases (61.3%) were aged > 40 years. The mean age of the cases was 44.39 years. The mean serum level of vitamin D in the cases was of 21.26 ng/ml compared with 17.59 ng/ml in the controls. The mean serum level of calcium was of 9.33 mg/dl in the cases, compared with 8.95 mg/dl in the controls. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of vitamin D and calcium between cases and controls.
Conclusion We could not establish any correlation between the serum levels of calcium and vitamin D with BPPV. However, a negative relationship was found between the serum levels of vitamin D and the number of episodes of BPPV (p = 0.012).
A multipurpose power supply for constant current, constant voltage, and constant power applications
Authors: Pandeswara Geethanjali , Pasula Naresh , R Geshma Kumari 
Published: November 2021

Constant current (CC), constant voltage (CV), and constant power (CP) find numerous applications in different stages of the power supply chain and are often a part of various industrial and commercial needs. Although several conventional power supplies are available in the market to provide CC, CV, and CP, their outputs are specific and limited to one or two of these power modes. In light of this, this paper introduces a multipurpose power supply that can deliver power in all three modes (CC, CV, and CP) irrespective of load dynamics. A novel branch type resonant converter comprising three inductors and a capacitor is investigated for the design and development of the power supply. Consumers can choose their preferred mode of operation by switching the operating frequency. This multipurpose power supply subsidizes the space, technology, time, and economy required for three individual supplies and bags magnificent features such as simple control with efficiency greater than 95% in the CC mode and above 80% in CV and CP modes, subjected to loading constraints. The versatility of the power supply is validated by a hardware prototype tested at different load conditions. Regardless of the changes in load resistance, the proposed power supply remained rigid and efficient in each of the mentioned modes.
An intrinsically disordered pathological prion variant Y145Stop converts into self-seeding amyloids via liquid–liquid phase separation
Authors: Agarwal Aishwarya , Rai Sandeep K. , Avni Anamika , Mukhopadhyay Samrat 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Biology has evolved to achieve precise spatiotemporal control of crucial cellular functions through liquid–liquid phase separation of highly flexible proteins and nucleic acids into membraneless organelles. However, these liquid-like intracellular condensates can undergo irreversible phase transitions into solid-like aggregates associated with deadly human diseases. Here, we show that a pathological truncation variant of the prion protein comprising the N-terminal unstructured domain spontaneously phase-separates into liquid droplets under physiological conditions. These liquid-like condensates gradually mature into solid-like self-replicable amyloids reminiscent of toxic misfolded proteinaceous aggregates involved in transmissible prion diseases. This aberrant phase-transition propensity is suppressed in the full-length protein, which may indicate an evolutionarily conserved role of an intriguing relationship between different domains in modulating the protein phase behavior.
Cultural memories and their re-actualizations
Authors: Van de Putte Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMemory studies has, in only a few decades, produced insights in two inter-related processes. First, memory scholars theorized how representations of the past become socially shared. Secondly, they theorized how these cultural and collective memories circulate and are being re-actualized in different contexts. But critiques of the field have targeted the metaphorical and reified nature of cultural memory concepts. This article argues that some concepts developed in social scientific narrative studies could provide cultural memory scholars with a precise and less metaphorical vocabulary to understand how people make sense of non-autobiographical pasts in different interactional contexts. In particular, the article focusses on how positioning theory and unexplained events in narrative pre-construction assist analysis of the flexibility of the remembering self in everyday interaction. The examples in this article concern narrations of the Second World War and Holocaust gathered during fieldwork in the contemporary town of Auschwitz in Poland.
Absorption of laser radiation in a laser-produced plasma of Xe: hydrodynamic effects and nonequilibrium ionization
Authors: Kalmykov S G , Butorin P S , Sasin M E , Zakharov V S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, experiments on measuring absorption of infrared laser radiation in the laser-produced plasma of Xe are described. An absorbed fraction of up to 65% was obtained when the gas-jet target was illuminated by a wide, defocused beam, whereas it barely reached 8.5% in the case of a sharply focused beam. The phenomenon is explained on the basis of a hypothesis of the plasma’s hydrodynamic expansion according to which the plasma leaves the illuminated area faster the smaller its size. This explains the similarity of extreme ultraviolet output and laser energy absorption as functions of the laser beam diameter. Based on the experimental results, an attempt to estimate the plasma parameters (N, T, <Z>) is undertaken, with the mean ion charge, <Z>, being calculated using ionization cross-sections for ions from +7Xe to +14Xe, which were obtained by means of a quantum-mechanical numeric simulation especially for the present work.
Optimization of microsphere optical lithography for nano-patterning
Authors: Dvoretckaia Liliia N. , Mozharov Alexey M , Berdnikov Yury , Mukhin Ivan Sergeevich 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present an original approach to realistic modeling of light focusing by microsphere systems to form the photonic jets for nano-patterning of the substrates with high refractive index. In simulations we analyze the photonic jets produced by a single sphere and close-packed array of microspheres on the photoresist layer and Si substrate. We show how the lithographic profiles can be controlled by varying the exposure dose and system geometry in wide ranges of photoresist layer thicknesses and microsphere sizes. The modeling covers the entire lithographic system and accounts for the interference of focused light transmitted through the microlenses and reflected from the Si substrate. We use our approach to optimize the size of the lithographic pattern and confirm the simulation results experimentally. The suggested set of methods is rather universal and may be applied to other microlens and resist materials to minimize lithography lateral resolution.
Microstructure, magnetic and electronic transport properties of reactively facing-target sputtered epitaxial Mn4N films
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Shi Xiaohui , Liu Xiang , Chen Xia , Mi Wenbo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The structure, magnetic and electronic transport properties of epitaxial Mn4N films fabricated by the facing-target reactive sputtering method have been investigated systematically. The high-quality growth of Mn4N films was confirmed by x-ray θ–2θ, pole figures and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The Mn4N films exhibit ferrimagnetic with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The saturation magnetization of Mn4N films decreases with increasing temperature, following the Bloch’s spin wave theory. The resistivity of Mn4N films exhibits metallic conductance mechanism. Debye temperature of Mn4N is estimated to be 85 K. The calculated residual resistivity ρ

xx0 of the 78.8 nm-thick Mn4N film is 30.56 μΩ cm. The magnetoresistances of Mn4N films display a negative signal and butterfly shape. The sign of anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is positive, which infers that the AMR is dominated by the spin-up conduction electrons. Moreover, the transformation of fourfold to twofold symmetry for AMR and twofold to onefold symmetry for planar Hall resistivity is attributed to tetragonal crystal field effect.
Strain-controlled thermoelectric properties of phosphorene-carbon monosulfide hetero-bilayers
Authors: González J W 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The application of strain to 2D materials allows manipulating the electronic, magnetic, and thermoelectric properties. These physical properties are sensitive to slight variations induced by tensile and compressive strain and the uniaxial strain direction. Herein, we take advantage of the reversible semiconductor-metal transition observed in certain monolayers to propose a hetero-bilayer device. We propose to pill up phosphorene (layered black phosphorus) and carbon monosulfide monolayers. In the first, such transition appears for positive strain, while the second appears for negative strain. Our first-principle calculations show that depending on the direction of the applied uniaxial strain; it is possible to achieve reversible control in the layer that behaves as an electronic conductor while the other layer remains as a thermal conductor. The described strain-controlled selectivity could be used in the design of novel devices.
Tuning the carrier type and density of monolayer tin selenide via organic molecular doping
Authors: Zheng Yu Jie , Zhang Qi , Odunmbaku Omololu , Ou Zeping , Li Meng , Sun Kuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Utilizing first-principles calculations, charge transfer doping process of single layer tin selenide (SL-SnSe) via the surface adsorption of various organic molecules was investigated. Effective p-type SnSe, with carrier concentration exceeding 3.59 × 1013 cm−2, was obtained upon adsorption of tetracyanoquinodimethane or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane on SL-SnSe due to their lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals acting as shallow acceptor states. While we could not obtain effective n-type SnSe through adsorption of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) or 1,4,5,8-tetrathianaphthalene on pristine SnSe due to their highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) being far from the conduction band edge of SnSe, this disadvantageous situation can be amended by the introduction of an external electric field perpendicular to the monolayer surface. It is found that Snvac will facilitate charge transfer from TTF to SnSe through introducing an unoccupied gap state just above the HOMO of TTF, thereby partially compensating for the p-type doping effect of Snvac. Our results show that both effective p-type and n-type SnSe can be obtained and tuned by charge transfer doping, which is necessary to promote its applications in nanoelectronics, thermoelectrics and optoelectronics.
Computational dose evaluation on children exposed to natural radioactivity from granitic rocks used as architectural materials
Authors: Santos William S , Pereira Neves Lucio , Belinato Walmir , Soares Maria R , Valença João V B , Perini Ana P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Considering the higher radiosensitivity of children in comparison to adults, studies related to children’s exposure to ionising radiation have been long considered of relevance. For this study, the MCNPX2.7.0 Monte Carlo code and four paediatric voxel computational anthropomorphic phantoms, of both genders and aged 5 and 10 years, were used to simulate scenarios, where children are exposed to natural radiation emitted by sources in the ground by radionuclides of 40K and of 232Th and 238U radioactive series. These elements are part of the composition of ten different types of ornamental rocks obtained from three regions of Brazil, and used as architectural material for flooring of houses. The virtual paediatric anthropomorphic phantoms were positioned in a room with dimensions of (4.0 × 5.0 × 2.8) m3 filled with atmospheric air and a 3 cm thick granitic floor acting as a uniformly distributed planar gamma radiation source. The walls of the room were composed of 20 cm thick concrete. Gonads, bone marrow, bladder, colon, and skin were found to be the organs which receive the highest doses. The mean values of effective dose per air kerma at 1 m above the ground summed for all three radionuclides, were 0.96 and 0.68 Sv Gy−1 for the 5 and 10 year old phantoms, respectively. The obtained results showed that the granitic rocks considered implicate annual effective doses which are 69%–78% lower than the annual limits, recommended by ICRP Publication 103.
First-principles study of borophene/phosphorene heterojunction as anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Zhifang , Li Wenliang , Zhang Jingping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It is urgent to explore high-capacity and efficient anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. For borophene and phosphorene, two configurations are considered to form a heterojunction: twist angles of 0° (I) and 90° (II). There is a less degree of mismatch and larger formation energy in the formation of a B/P heterojunction, implying that borophene and phosphorene form the stable heterojunction. The heterojunctions of these two configurations demonstrate good conductivity, and the electrons near the Fermi level are mainly provided by borophene. Very importantly, the low energy barrier for interlayer migration of Li is observed in configuration I (0.14eV) and II (0.06 eV), and the migration of Li on the borophene and phosphorene side of the heterojunction still maintains its original energy barrier in bare monolayer. Moreover, the two configurations show the theoretical capacity as high as 738.69 and 721.86 mA h g−1, respectively, which is comparable to bare phosphorene. Furthermore, compared with bare phosphorene, the average voltage is greatly reduced after the formation of heterojunction. Hence, the overall electrochemical properties of the B/P heterojunction have been enhanced by combining the advantages of the individual phosphorene and borophene monolayers, which guarantees the B/P heterojunction as a good candidate for the anode material used in Li-ion batteries.
ZnO nanowire optoelectronic synapse for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Shen Cong , Gao Xu , Chen Cheng , Ren Shan , Xu Jian-Long , Xia Yi-Dong , Wang Sui-Dong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Artificial synapses that integrate functions of sensing, memory and computing are highly desired for developing brain-inspired neuromorphic hardware. In this work, an optoelectronic synapse based on the ZnO nanowire (NW) transistor is achieved, which can be used to emulate both the short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity. Synaptic potentiation is present when the device is stimulated by light pulses, arising from the light-induced O2 desorption and the persistent photoconductivity behavior of the ZnO NW. On the other hand, synaptic depression occurs when the device is stimulated by electrical pulses in dark, which is realized by introducing a charge trapping layer in the gate dielectric to trap carriers. Simulation of a neural network utilizing the ZnO NW synapses is carried out, demonstrating a high recognition accuracy over 90% after only 20 training epochs for recognizing the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology digits. The present nanoscale optoelectronic synapse has great potential in the development of neuromorphic visual systems.
Predicting the effective thermal conductivity of unfrozen soils with various water contents based on artificial neural network
Authors: Zhu Chuan-Yong , He Zhi-Yang , Du Mu , Gong Liang , Wang Xinyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effective thermal conductivity of soils is a crucial parameter for many applications such as geothermal engineering, environmental science, and agriculture and engineering. However, it is pretty challenging to accurately determine it due to soils’ complex structure and components. In the present study, the influences of different parameters, including silt content (m
si), sand content (m
sa), clay content (m
cl), quartz content (m
qu), porosity, and water content on the effective thermal conductivity of soils, were firstly analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Then different artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed based on the 465 groups of thermal conductivity of unfrozen soils collected from the literature to predict the effective thermal conductivity of soils. Results reveal that the parameters of m
si, m
sa, m
cl, and m
qu have a relatively slight influence on the effective thermal conductivity of soils compared to the water content and porosity. Although the ANN model with six parameters has the highest accuracy, the ANN model with two input parameters (porosity and water content) could predict the effective thermal conductivity well with acceptable accuracy and R
2 = 0.940. Finally, a correlation of the effective thermal conductivity for different soils was proposed based on the large number of results predicted by the two input parameters ANN-based model. This correlation has proved to have a higher accuracy without assumptions and uncertain parameters when compared to several commonly used existing models.
Performance enhancement of GaSb vertical nanowire p-type MOSFETs on Si by rapid thermal annealing
Authors: Zhu Zhongyunshen , Svensson Johannes , Jönsson Adam , Wernersson Lars-Erik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
GaSb is considered as an attractive p-type channel material for future III-V metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technologies, but the processing conditions to utilize the full device potential such as low power logic applications and RF applications still need attention. In this work, applying rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to nanoscale GaSb vertical nanowire p-type MOS field-effect transistors, we have improved the average peak transconductance (g
m,peak) by 50% among 28 devices and achieved 70 μS μm−1 at V
DS = −0.5 V in a device with 200 nm gate length. In addition, a low subthreshold swing down to 144 mV dec−1 as well as an off-current below 5 nA μm−1 which refers to the off-current specification in low-operation-power condition has been obtained. Based on the statistical analysis, the results show a great enhancement in both on- and off-state performance with respect to previous work mainly due to the improved electrostatics and contacts after RTA, leading to a potential in low-power logic applications. We have also examined a short channel device with L
g = 80 nm in RTA, which shows an increased g
m,peak up to 149 μS μm−1 at V
DS = −0.5 V as well as a low on-resistance of 4.7 kΩ·μm. The potential of further enhancement in g
m via RTA offers a good alternative to obtain high-performance devices for RF applications which have less stringent requirement for off-state performance. Our results indicate that post-fabrication annealing provides a great option to improve the performance of GaSb-based p-type devices with different structures for various applications.