bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pet309 is a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that interacts with the COX1 mRNA and with the ribosome in yeast mitochondria
Authors: Perez‐Martinez Xochitl , Zamudio‐Ochoa Angelica , Camacho‐Villasana Yolanda , Garcia‐Guerrero Aldo 
Published: June 2021

Mitochondria have the machinery to translate the mRNAs produced inside the organelle, however very little is understood about how mitochondrial ribosomes locate the initiation codon. In yeast mitochondria a group of proteins known as translational activators recognize specific mRNAs and are thought to assist the ribosome to locate the start codon, however the mechanism of action of these proteins remains unknown. Pet309 is a translational activator specific for the COX1 mRNA (1). It acts on the COX1 5′ untranslated region (UTR) to induce translation. The protein is predicted to contain up to 23 pentatricopeptide repeats (PPR) in the sequence, with 12 repeats more strongly predicted on the central portion of the protein (2,3). These repeats are found in mitochondrial and chloroplast proteins and are involved in RNA metabolism. Through immunoprecipitation of Pet309 and reverse transcription PCR we found that Pet309 interacts with the COX1 mRNA, and that this interaction remained when the 12 central PPR motifs were eliminated. We also demonstrated that Pet309 interacts with the mitochondrial ribosome, and that this interaction is independent of the presence of the COX1 mRNA or the deletion of the 12 central PPR motifs. We conclude that Pet309 physically interacts with the COX1 mRNA and with the mitochondrial ribosomes to allow COX1 mRNA translation.Research support: CONACyT (179387), PAPIIT‐UNAM (IN208711), Fundacion Miguel Aleman, AC.
Low vitamin D levels are associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in young adult males
Authors: Black Lucinda J , Jacoby Peter , Allen Karina L , Mori Trevor A , Beilin Lawrence J , Adams Leon A , Oddy Wendy H 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveResults from epidemiological studies examining associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and depression are equivocal. We investigated the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in a population‐based cohort of young adults.MethodsThe Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study is a prospective, longitudinal study from birth to adulthood. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were assessed at the 20 year follow‐up using the 21‐item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21). Associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and DASS‐21 scores were explored using multiple linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders (n = 693).ResultsIn males, low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with symptoms of depression (β = −0.20, p < 0.001), anxiety (β = −0.12, p = 0.041) and stress (β = −0.13, p = 0.022). No significant associations were seen in females.ConclusionsWe found that low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in males. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the relationship between vitamin D status and these mental health symptoms in young adults. This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Project #1022134 (2012–2014).
Diet high in omega‐3 fatty acids alters the fatty acid composition of bioactive lipids: a lipidomic approach
Authors: Balogun Kayode Adeniyi , Albert Carolyn J , Ford David A , Brown Robert J , Cheema Sukhinder Kaur 
Published: June 2021

Omega (n)‐3polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are converted to bioactive lipid components that are important mediators in metabolic and physiological pathways; however, which bioactive compounds are metabolically active, and their mechanisms of action are still not clear. We investigated using lipidomics techniques, the effects of diets high in n‐3 PUFA on the fatty acid composition of various bioactive lipids in plasma and liver. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed semi‐purified diets (20% w/w fat) containing varying amounts of n‐3 PUFA before mating, during pregnancy, and until weaning. Male offspring (n=6) were continued on their mothers’ diets for four months. Hepatic and plasma lipids were extracted and tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry methods were used to measure the fatty acid compositions. There was a higher concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid containing phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (p < 0.05) in the high n‐3 PUFA group compared to the low n‐3 PUFA group. Plasma and liver from the high n‐3 PUFA group also had higher concentration of free n‐3 PUFA (p < 0.05). Our findings reveal for the first time that diet high in n‐3 PUFA caused enrichment of n‐3 PUFA in PC, LPC and free fatty acids in the offspring. PC and LPC are important bioactive lipids, thus altering their fatty acyl composition will likely have important metabolic and physiological roles.Supported by NSERC
Prior cooking experience of 4th graders drives fruit and vegetable preferences and cooking attitudes and self‐efficacy
Authors: Cunningham‐Sabo Leslie , Lohse Barbara 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveExamine link between cooking/food prep experience (CKG) and gender on 4th‐grade self‐efficacy (SE), attitudes (AT) toward cooking, and fruit and vegetable preferences (FP, VP).MethodTested survey with 4 scales administered in 22 classrooms in 8 schools. Scores possible: 8–40 (SE), 6–30 (AT), 7–35 (FP), 11–55 (VP).ResultsScores, not different among schools, were completed by 409 students (47% boys; 76% white). Mean scores differed significantly by gender (boys, girls respectively) for SE (33.3 ± 5.8 vs 35.7 ± 4.1); AT (25.0 ± 3.9 vs 27.4 ± 2.4) and FP (28.7 ± 5.2 vs 29.7 ± 4.6). VP was similar between genders (35.0 ± 8.6 vs 35.9 ± 8.4). For all measures, CKG was associated with higher scores (P < .003). Proportion reporting prior CKG was 3:1 girls. Those reporting none were 3:1 boys. Controlling for gender revealed all scores continued significantly higher for CKG students. Also, SE and AT gender and CKG interactions were significant. CKG Boys scored 3.5 to 4.2 AT points higher; this difference was < 2.5 for girls. Difference in SE scores of those with and without participation in family food prep was 6.5 for boys and 3.7 for girls.ConclusionSE, AT, FP and VP were greater in 4th graders who cook, with some gender influence for SE and AT. Inclusion of these factors in evaluation of school‐based cooking interventions appears valid. Funding: AFRI Grant 2012–68001‐19603 USDA NIFA Childhood Obesity Prevention Program.
Insights into infants’ development readiness at time of solid food introduction
Authors: Trabulsi Jillian Christine , Finkbeiner Susana , Mennella Julie A. 
Published: June 2021

Despite recommendations to delay weaning until infants are 4–6 months, many mothers introduce solid foods at an earlier age. To gain insights into what aspects of behavioral development precede as well as follow weaning, we conducted an 8‐month longitudinal study of formula‐fed infants (n=79) and their mothers. Each month, beginning when the infant was 0.5 months of age, dyads visited the Monell Center whereupon we measured specific domains of infant development via the Mullen's scale and queried mothers about what foods if any were introduced to their infants’ diet. The age at which solid foods were routinely (>;4 times/month) introduced ranged from 1.3 to 8.6 months. Infants were stratified by age (month) of solid food introduction: <4 (n=20; early‐weaners), 4–6 (n=40), and >;6 months (n=8). Early weaners, at the 3.5 month visit, scored significantly higher in the domains of gross motor, visual reception, receptive language, expressive language and early learning than the other infants. By 6.5 months of age, when the majority (96.2%) of infants were routinely eating solid foods, there were no significant differences in any of the developmental measures among groups. These data suggest an association between both cognitive and motor development and the timing of which mothers begin complementing their infants’ diets with solid foods. More findings will be presented to understand the temporality of this relationship.This research was supported by grants R01HD37119 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Effects of typical Western meal on postprandial arterial stiffness and vasoactive chemicals in patients with chronic kidney disease and Type II Diabetes
Authors: Lombard Joel Robert , Gregory Sara , Laro Bree , Schwarzkopf Cory , Moraitis Ann Marie , Hatch Cherise , Ayvazian Laurel , Joubert Jyovani , Matthews Tracey , Headley Samuel , Wood Richard J. 
Published: June 2021

The purpose was to evaluate the effect of an 800 kcal meal (carbohydrate:fat:protein = 41:46:13) on postprandial arterial stiffness in patients with CKD and Type II Diabetes (CKD&T2DM) (n=7). Comparisons were made to patients with T2DM only (n=7) and healthy controls (CON) (n=8).MethodsUnder fasting conditions, arterial stiffness was measured, then an indwelling catheter was inserted and a blood sample was collected. Stiffness was measured/blood collected immediately after the meal and every hour (h) for 4h. Augmentation index normalized to 75 heart beats per minute (Aix75) was used to estimate arterial stiffness.ResultsAix75: Decreased from baseline (bl) (17.3 ± 2.5) to 1h (9.3 ± 2.3) returned at h4 p < .05 (pooled time effect). CKD&T2DM and T2DM differed from the CON (26.7 ± 4.1; 17.7± 9.7 vs. −3.65 ± 3.6) p < .05 but not each other (pooled group effect). SBP: CKD&T2DM (131.5 ± 4.8) differed from the CON (114.5 + 3.4) p < .05. The CON and T2DM (121.8 ± 3.7) did not differ, nor did CKD&T2DM and T2DM. DBP: Decreased from bl (74.8 ± 2.2) in h1 and 2 (67.5 ± 2.5; 68.0 ± 2.5) and returned at h4 (73.0 + 2.4) p < .05 in all groups. Nitric oxide: No time or group effect. Endothelin: Was lower in all groups at h3 than at h0, h1, and 2 p < .05.DiscussionCKD&T2DM and T2DM patients experience a smaller postprandial reduction in arterial stiffness when compared to healthy CON. Hemodyamics may be a main contributor as illustrated by the trend seen in DBP.
Effects of a high‐fat diet on the cardiac dysfunction and energy metabolism in rats with supravalvar aortic stenosis
Authors: De Tomasi Loreta Casquel , Campos Dijon Henrique Salomé , da Silva Danielle Cristina Tomaz , do Nascimento André Ferreira , Okoshi Katashi , Fernandes Ana Angélica Henrique , Padovani Carlos Roberto , Cicogna Antonio Carlos 
Published: June 2021

AimsTo study the effects of unsaturated high‐fat diet on myocardial structure, contractile function and energy metabolism in rats with supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS), diastolic dysfunction and improved systolic function. We hypothesized that increased energy supply attenuates hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and preserves systolic function in SVAS.MethodsMale Wistar rats (80g) underwent SVAS or Sham surgery (n=24/group); after 6 weeks were redistributed into four groups (n=12/group): normolipidic (Sham‐N and SVAS‐N) or hyperlipidic chow (Sham‐H and SVAS‐H) for 12 weeks. Cardiac remodeling was evaluated by echocardiogram in the 6th and 18th week; macroscopy and glycolysis and beta oxidation enzymes were evaluated in the 18th week.ResultsIn the 6th week, echocardiogram showed that SVAS had hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, evidenced by increased left atrium (LA), and improved systolic function. In the 18th week, atrium weight (AT) and AT/tibia ratio were lower in SVAS‐H vs SVAS‐N. Echocardiogram showed preserved systolic function in SVAS groups; LA/BW ratio was lower in SVAS‐H vs SVAS‐N; LA (p=0.10) and LA/AO (p<0.06) tended to be lower in SVAS‐H vs SVAS‐N. Metabolic enzymes were similar among groups.ConclusionHigh‐fat diet attenuated diastolic dysfunction, evidenced by decreased atrial hypertrophy; it did not involve energy metabolism alterations.Financial support: FAPESP
EFFICACY OF INULIN ENRICHED YOGURT ON BOWEL HABITS IN PATIENTS WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME WITH CONSTIPATION: A PILOT STUDY.
Authors: Isakov Vasily , Pilipenko Vladimir , Shakhovskaya Alla , Tutelyan Viktor 
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTIONThe regular consumption of fermented milk beverages gives some beneficial effects in patients with constipation. Inulin is considered as prebiotic agent with therapeutic properties. Fermented milk products are a good‐vehicle to deliver the prebiotic to consumers and may enhance their effects on a bowel motor function.AIMS & METHODSThe aim of this study to assess the effects of the yogurt, enriched by inulin (1.23g/100g) on symptoms and stool indices in subjects with IBS with constipation (IBS‐C). Forty patients with IBS‐C according to the Rome III criteria were enrolled into the open randomized parallel group study. These patients were randomly assigned to either inulin yogurt therapy group (125 ml enriched yogurt twice a day for 2 wk) or a standard yogurt control group. Pre‐and post treatment measurements included 5‐items Likert scale of complaints (abdominal pain, bloating, uncompleted bowel emptying), stool frequency and Bristol Stool Form Scale for assessing stool consistency. Orocecal transit time were assessed using lactulose H2‐breath test. Wilcoxon matched pairs test was used for assessing changes from baseline.RESULTSInulin enriched yogurt demonstrated a consistent benefit quantitatively in stool frequency as well as a significant improvement in Bristol Stool Form Scale, satisfaction with bowel habits and reduce main complaints (table 1). The transit time significantly redused only in inulin group. All patients tolerated this yogurt well.CONCLUSIONThe inulin enriched yogurt reduces bowel transit time and increase Bristol Stool Form Scale score in patients with IBS‐C in compare to traditional yogurt. These data warrants the need to perform large double‐blinded randomized controlled study.
Renin as a mediator of pulmonary damage caused by fat embolism and LPS
Authors: Poisner Alan , Herndon Betty , Al Hariri Ahmad , Qin Chang , Quinn Tim , Molteni Agostino 
Published: June 2021

Histological lung damage in the model of fat embolism (i.v. triolein) is ameliorated by agents acting on the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), with pulmonary damage persisting up to 6 wks. Here we report the effect of triolein on the localization of pulmonary renin at various times and its influence on a second hit by a pulmonary toxicant, LPS. Groups of rats were injected i.v. with either saline or triolein and sacrificed at times from 24 hrs to 6 wks. At 6 wks, groups received 3 mg/kg LPS or saline, i.p. 48 hrs later, lungs were studied. Renin was localized with a rat‐specific antiserum (from T. Inagami) and stained with standard immunochemical methods. Following triolein, counts of renin positive cells increased in lungs at 24 hrs and 48 hrs, (p <0.01 and < 0.04) followed by a decline to 3 and 6 wks. LPS (6 wks after triolein) again increased renin staining with cells mostly found in the septa around arteries and the bronchial smooth muscle layer. Since the effects of LPS on the lung are also known to be modified by agents interfering with the RAS, this study suggests that enhanced expression of renin in pulmonary cells relates to triolein; LPS at 6 wk recapitulates the lung damage caused by the initial triolein insult. The data suggest that the sequence of pathological changes after fat embolism includes lipid uptake by lung macrophages, mast cell activation, renin production and angiotensin II generation.Geldmacher Foundation
Effect of low level laser therapy on lung mechanics and inflammatory response
Authors: Cury Vivian , Lima Thais , Ariga Suely , Barbeiro Denise , Pinheiro Nathalia , Prado Carla Maximo , Moretti Ana Iochabel , Souza Heraldo Possolo 
Published: June 2021

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is currently prescribed as an adjuvant therapy for inflammatory diseases, however its use in internal viscera is controversial. Therefore, we assessed the effect of LLLT on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intratracheal LPS instillation. C57 black mice (n=10) were exposed to intratracheal LPS (5mg/kg) or PBS. Six hours after instillation, both groups (PBS and LPS) were irradiated with laser at 660 nm, power output 30mW, fluency 10J/cm2 Twenty‐four hours later, bronchoalveolar lavage was collected; lungs were submitted to functional analysis and quantitation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL) 1 β and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM ‐1).LPS instillation induced infiltration of large number of inflammatory cells to distal airways, which was reduced by LLLT (2.92±0.34 vs 1.63±051 mononuclear cells; 2.25± 0.84 vs 0.43±0.19 neutrophils; p<0.05). We also observed that LLLT was efficient in reducing secretion of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and ICAM‐1. In spite of reducing inflammation, LLLT treatment did not affect lung mechanical properties, since no change was observed in tissue resistance or elastance.Therefore, we can conclude that LLLT is able to reduce inflammatory reaction in lungs exposed to LPS, without affecting the pulmonary function and recovery.
Adipocyte morphometric evaluation in a model of DMBA administration
Authors: Costa Eduardo , Dias João , Pereira Paula , Cabrita António Silvério 
Published: June 2021

Dimetilbenzantracene is a carcinogenic compound present in several products.168 Sprague Dawley female rats with 42 days were randomly distributed for seven groups. Besides the group I (control), all the treatment groups were submitted to the 1,12‐dimetilbenzantracene (DMBA). Group I (control) was fed with a standard diet (SD). Group II was submitted to the SD. Group III, was submitted to the SD supplemented with beans. The Group IV was submitted to the SD supplemented with olive oil. The group V was submitted to the SD enriched with fibres. Group VI was submitted to the SD supplemented with fibers, beans and olive oil, and the group VII was submitted to the SD supplemented Mediterranean diet. The experience was 150 days long, and at the end all animal were sacrificed.The slides of perirenal adipose tissue, stained by HE, were evaluated for morphometric changes, using the software ImageJ.The adipocytes area were classified according to the following criteria: medium adipocytes, when the value varies between the range [μ−∂; μ+∂], big adipocytes, varies between ]μ+∂; μ+2∂], small adipocytes, varies between ]μ−∂; μ−2∂], very big adipocytes, the value is more than μ+2∂ e very small adipocytes, the value is less than μ−2∂.In the control group the distribution of each class was significantly different from the observed in test group. This differences suggest that the diet may interfere with the adipocyte volume.
Alterations of arginine in Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI) macrophages
Authors: Barilli Amelia , Rotoli Bianca Maria , Visigalli Rossana , Dall'Asta Valeria 
Published: June 2021

Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI) is an inherited transport defect of cationic amino acids (arginine, lysine and ornithine) transport at the basolateral membrane of intestinal and renal tubular cells caused by mutations in SLC7A7 encoding for System y+L‐related y+LAT1 protein. The severe clinical course of this disorder suggests that LPI should be considered a severe multisystem disease with features proper of ‘metabolic’ disorders. In particular, immune dysfunction could be attributed to an altered metabolism of nitric oxide (NO) secondary to abnormal arginine intracellular metabolism. To address this hypothesis we measured arginine transport/metabolism in monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDM), obtained from peripheral blood monocytes isolated from 5 LPI patients. In these cells the efflux of 3H‐arginine through System y+L was markedly lower than in normal MDM, with a decrease that ranged from 60 to 75%. Moreover, SLC7A7 silencing in a human monocytic cell line (THP‐1 cells) caused a significant increase of intracellular arginine content. These results indicate that arginine entrapping takes place in LPI monocytes‐macrophages, supporting the hypothesis that NO overproduction observed in vivo may be due to an abnormal intracellular metabolism of arginine.Supported by CLIMB (Children living with inherited metabolic diseases, Crewe, UK)
Influence of NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on cardiac structure and function in rats with aortic stenosis
Authors: Bonomo Camila , Martinez Paula Felippe , Lima Aline Regina Ruiz , Damatto Ricardo Luiz , Cezar Marcelo Diarcadia Mariano , Pagan Luana Urbano , Gomes Mariana Janini , Guizoni Daniele Mendes , Okoshi Katashi , Okoshi Marina Politi 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was evaluate the influence of treatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on cardiac structures and function in rats with aortic stenosis (AS).MethodsAS was induced by median thoracotomy by placing a silver clip around ascending aorta. Twenty weeks later, rats were divided into two groups: AS without treatment (n=11), and AS treated with apocynin (AS‐A, 16 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 8 weeks, n=11). Rats subjected to simulated surgery were used as controls (Sham, n=9). Cardiac structures and left ventricular (LV) function were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiogram before and after treatment.Statistical analysisANOVA and Bonferroni.ResultsEchocardiogram parameters did not differ between AS and AS‐A before treatment (p>;0.05). After treatment, both AS groups presented left cardiac chambers dilation. Systolic mitral annular velocity of lateral (Sham 3.10±0.53; AS 2.32±0.44; AS‐A 2.88±0.66; p=0.01) and septal (Sham 3.20±0.76; AS 2.33±0.57; AS‐A 2.54±0.62; p=0.01) wall (tissue Doppler) was decreased in AS compared to Sham and did not differ between AS‐A and Sham or AS groups.ConclusionTreatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin attenuates cardiac systolic dysfunction in rats with aortic stenosis. Support: FAPESP, CAPES, CNPq.
Small Intestine Could be a Major Organ Contributing to Systemic Inflammation and Cardiovascular Complications.
Authors: Navab Kaveh Daniel , Karimi Nika , Farahmand foozhan , Farazmand Maryam , Czerwieniec Gregg 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the role of intestine in systemic inflammation.IntroductionThe small intestine receives various ingredients from food and water and the interplay between them, luminal microbiota and the enterocytes appears to play role in many digestive interactions.Objectivewe sought to determine if in a mouse model of inflammatory stress a high fat diet would affect the circulating levels of 12‐ hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12‐HETE) an inflammatory metabolite of arachidonic acid and of serum amyloid A (SAA) a major marker of inflammation.MethodsMale ApoE deficient mice (n=10 per treatment group) were maintained on the laboratory chow or on a Western Type Diet containing 1.25% cholesterol for two weeks. Blood was removed from fasting mice according to UCLA IRB guidelines, plasma was separated and analyzed using a commercial ELISA system.Results12‐HETE an SAA levels were significantly higher in the circulation of the mice on the high fat diet (p=0.012 and p=0.023 respectively. These molecules have systemic effect and their high levels would result in a cascade of interactions producing high levels of other inflammatory molecules.Conclusiondietary factors such as lipids can affect intestine and result in elevated levels of inflammatory components. Systemic inflammation brought about by dietary ingredients can in turn produce pathological conditions in various organs and throughout the organism. This emphasizes the importance of the small intestine and the dietary habits in general health and well being.