bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Peroneus Brevis Reconstruction With Hamstring Tendon Autograft
Authors: Chrea Bopha , Eble Stephanie K. , Day Jonathan , Hansen Oliver B. , Ellis Scott J. , O’Malley Martin J. , Drakos Mark C. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Peroneal tendon injuries are a common cause of lateral ankle pain and instability. While the use of hamstring autograft has been proposed as a viable surgical option for peroneus brevis reconstruction, reported outcomes with this technique are limited in the literature. We present patient-reported and clinical outcomes for patients who underwent peroneus brevis reconstruction with hamstring autograft. Methods: Thirty-one patients were retrospectively identified who underwent a procedure including peroneus brevis reconstruction with hamstring autograft for peroneal tendinopathy between February 2016 and May 2019. All patients who had a peroneus brevis reconstruction were included, and all concomitant procedures were noted. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) surveys were prospectively collected preoperatively and at a minimum of 1 year postoperatively (mean, 24.3; range, 12-52.7) months. Retrospective chart review was performed to evaluate the incidence of postoperative complications and reoperations. Results: When evaluating pre- and postoperative patient-reported outcome surveys (n = 26; 84%), on average, patients reported improvement in every PROMIS domain evaluated, with significant improvement in Physical Function (+5.99; P = .006), Pain Interference (–8.11; P < .001), Pain Intensity (–9.02; P < .001), and Global Physical Health (+7.29; P = .001). Three patients reported persistent pain at a minimum of 1 year postoperatively, of whom 2 required reoperation. No patient reported persistent pain or discomfort at the harvest site of the hamstring autograft. Conclusion: Patients undergoing peroneus brevis reconstruction with hamstring autograft experienced clinically significant improvement in patient-reported and clinical outcomes. Few postoperative complications were observed, and patients reported improvements across all patient-reported outcome domains, with significant improvements for pain and function domains. Reconstruction with hamstring autograft represents a viable surgical option in the setting of peroneal tendinitis or tears. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Childrens’ and young adults’ perspectives of having a parent with dementia diagnosis: A scoping review
Authors: Grundberg Åke , Sandberg Jonas , Craftman Åsa G 
Published: June 2021

Background Dementia is a key health issue worldwide. In Sweden, as in other European countries, most persons with dementia live in domestic settings and are often cared for by their family members. This scoping review aims to describe the perspectives of children and young adults with a parent diagnosed with dementia. Young family members may be alone and without support despite their high level of care burden. Design and methods Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO) were used to search for English-language articles focusing on children and young adults between the ages of 6 and 34 who have a parent diagnosed with dementia. A thematic synthesis of the included articles was performed. Findings Sixteen original published qualitative studies were identified. These studies were categorised based on information about the authors, year of publication, study location, participants, aim of the study, data collection, analysis and main findings. Five main analytical themes were identified: (1) children and young adults identify changes in their parents’ behaviour and personality, (2) children and young adults experience changed roles and relationships within the family, (3) children and young adults need to cope with an uncertain future, (4) children and young adults relate changes in their parent to their own mixed emotions and (5) children and young adults need help and seek it out but experience inadequate support. Conclusions The children and young adults in the included studies seem to provide significant levels of care and support to their affected parent, which may affect their own health, social relations, community participation, employment, education, finances and sense of security. This means that it is important for health care systems and social services to identify barriers to these young family members’ access to relevant care and support for themselves.
An efficient technique to solve coupled–time fractional Boussinesq–Burger equation using fractional decomposition method
Authors: Alrawashdeh Mahmoud S , Bani-Issa Shifaa 
Published: June 2021

For this work, a novel numerical approach is proposed to obtain solution for the class of coupled time-fractional Boussinesq–Burger equations which is a nonlinear system. This system under consideration is endowed with Caputo time-fractional derivative. By means of the natural decomposition approach, approximate solutions of the proposed nonlinear fractional system are obtained where the exact solutions are presented in the classical case of fractional order at [Formula: see text]. Some numerical examples are given to support the theoretical framework and to point out the role and the effectiveness of the intended method. Our results clearly show the approximate analytical solutions eventually will converge quickly to the already known exact solutions. AMS Classification: 35A22, 35C05, 35C10, 35R11, 44A30.
Ankle Dorsiflexion Affects Hip and Knee Biomechanics During Landing
Authors: Taylor Jeffrey B. , Wright Elena S. , Waxman Justin P. , Schmitz Randy J. , Groves James D. , Shultz Sandra J. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Restricted ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) has been linked to lower extremity biomechanics that place an athlete at higher risk for injury. Whether reduced DFROM during dynamic movements is due to restrictions in joint motion or underutilization of available ankle DFROM motion is unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that both lesser total ankle DFROM and underutilization of available motion would lead to high-risk biomechanics (ie, greater knee abduction, reduced knee flexion). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Nineteen active female athletes (age, 20.0 ± 1.3 years; height, 1.61 ± 0.06 m; mass, 67.0 ± 10.7 kg) participated. Maximal ankle DFROM (clinical measure of ankle DFROM [DF-CLIN]) was measured in a weightbearing position with the knee flexed. Lower extremity biomechanics were measured during a drop vertical jump with 3-dimensional motion and force plate analysis. The percent of available DFROM used during landing (DF-%USED) was calculated as the peak DFROM observed during landing divided by DF-CLIN. Univariate linear regressions were performed to identify whether DF-CLIN or DF-%USED predicted knee and hip biomechanics commonly associated with injury risk. Results: For every 1.0° less of DF-CLIN, there was a 1.0° decrease in hip flexion excursion ( r2 = 0.21, P = 0.05), 1.2° decrease in peak knee flexion angles ( r2 = 0.37, P = 0.01), 0.9° decrease in knee flexion excursion ( r2 = 0.40, P = 0.004), 0.002 N·m·N−1·cm−1 decrease in hip extensor work ( r2 = 0.28, P = 0.02), and 0.001 N·m·N−1·cm−1 decrease in knee extensor work ( r2 = 0.21, P = 0.05). For every 10% less of DF-%USED, there was a 3.2° increase in peak knee abduction angles ( r2 = 0.26, P = 0.03) and 0.01 N·m·N−1·cm−1 lesser knee extensor work ( r2 = 0.25, P = 0.03). Conclusion: Lower levels of both ankle DFROM and DF-%USED are associated with biomechanics that are considered to be associated with a higher risk of sustaining injury. Clinical Relevance: While total ankle DFROM can predict some aberrant movement patterns, underutilization of available ankle DFROM can also lead to higher risk movement strategies. In addition to joint specific mobility training, clinicians should incorporate biomechanical interventions and technique feedback to promote the utilization of available motion.
Comparison of Sinonasal Histopathological Changes in Biological Treatment of Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Ho Jacqueline , Alvarado Raquel , Rimmer Janet , Sewell William A. , Walter Sophie , Earls Peter , Campbell Raewyn G. , Sacks Raymond , Kalish Larry H. , Harvey Richard J 
Published: June 2021

Background Biologic therapies such as mepolizumab and benralizumab are currently utilised in the treatment of eosinophilic asthma, and are emerging in the management of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS). These biologics inhibit the interaction of IL-5 with its receptor, thus impairing cytokine signalling and eosinophil inflammation. Mepolizumab does so by targeting IL-5, whereas benralizumab targets the α chain of the IL-5 receptor. This study compares the sinonasal tissue response to anti-IL-5 biologic therapies in patients with eCRS. Methods A cross-sectional study of adult eCRS patients who had completed at least 2 cycles of biologic therapy and underwent endoscopic sinus surgery as part of their management were included. Sinonasal mucosal tissue biopsies were obtained intraoperatively and assessed with structured histopathological examination. Comparisons of tissue histopathology outcomes following treatment with mepolizumab or benralizumab were performed. Results 18 patients (age 49.6 ± 14.2 years, 47% female, 100% co-morbid asthma) were included in this study, comprising 10 patients managed with mepolizumab and 8 patients managed with benralizumab. Even after mepolizumab, the tissue had predominantly eosinophilic inflammation compared to benralizumab (90% v 0%, p < 0.01), which demonstrated a greater lymphoplasmacytic inflammation (10% v 75%, χ2(2) = 14.53, p < 0.01). Compared with benralizumab, mepolizumab had increased tissue eosinophil count (100% v 37.5% >10 eosinophils/HPF, τb = −8.47, p < 0.001) and more severe subepithelial oedema (80% v 37.5% severe, τb = −2.37, p = 0.02). Conclusion Tissue histopathologic outcomes reflect the differing mechanism of action of mepolizumab and benralizumab in eCRS. Further analysis at the tissue level will provide further information to guide application of mAbs in type 2 inflammatory diseases.
Evaluation of postoperative outcomes in patients following multi-level surgical reconstructions with the use Avive™ soft tissue membrane on nerve after traumatic injury of the upper extremity and lower extremity
Authors: Cox Cameron T , Suryavanshi Joash R , Osemwengie Bradley O , Rosqvist Sterling , Blue Matthew , McKee Desirae , MacKay Brendan J 
Published: June 2021

Background: Treatment of patients with traumatic axonotmesis presents challenges. Processed human umbilical cord membrane has been recently developed with improved handling and resorption time compared to other amniotic membrane wraps, and may be beneficial in nerve reconstruction. This study evaluates postoperative outcomes after traumatic peripheral nerve injury after placement of commercially available processed human umbilical cord membrane. Methods: We performed a prospective, single-center pilot study of patients undergoing multi-level surgical reconstruction for exposed, non-transected peripheral nerve. Functional outcomes including pain, range of motion, pinch and grip strength, and the QuickDASH and SF-36 patient-reported outcome measures were recorded, when possible, at the 1-week and 3, 6, and 9 months postop visit. One-tailed paired t-tests were performed to evaluate outcome improvement at final follow-up. Results: Twenty patients had processed human umbilical cord membrane placement without surgical complications. Mean follow-up was 7.5 months (range: 3–10 months) and mean age was 39 years (range: 15–65). Twelve (67%) patients were male, and the majority of placement sites were in the upper extremity (85%). Mean preoperative visual analog scale pain score was significantly reduced at most recent follow-up, as were QuickDASH scores. All patients had improved functional outcomes at the 9-month follow-up, and SF-36 outcomes at 9 months showed improvement across all dimensions. Conclusion: This study indicates that processed human umbilical cord membrane may be a useful adjunct in nerve surgery with noted improvements in postoperative function, pain, and patient-reported outcome measures. Future studies are needed to assess long-term outcomes after traumatic nerve injury treated with processed human umbilical cord membrane.
How GPs can Recognize Persistent Frequent Attenders at Finnish Primary Health Care Using Electronic Patient Records
Authors: Santalahti Anne , Luutonen Sinikka , Vahlberg Tero , Moen Hans , Salanterä Sanna , Rautava Päivi 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The proportion of patients who are frequent attenders (FAs) varies from few percent to almost 30% of all patients. A small group of patients continued to visit GPs year after year. In previous studies, it has been reported that over 15% of all 1-year FAs were persistent frequent attenders (pFAs). Objectives: This study aimed to identify typical features of pFAs from the textual content in their medical entries, which could help GPs to recognize pFAs easily and facilitated treatment.Methods: A retrospective register study was done, using 10 years of electronic patient records. The data were collected from Finnish primary health care centers and used to analyze chronic symptoms and diagnoses of pFAs and to calculate the inverse document frequency weight (IDF) of words used in the patient records. IDF was used to determine which words, if any, are typical for pFAs. The study group consisted of the 5-year pFAs and control group of 1-year FAs. The main background variables were age, gender, occupation, smoking habits, use of alcohol, and BMI. Results: Out of 4392 frequent attenders, 6.6% were pFAs for 3 years and 1.1% were pFAs for 5 years. Of the pFAs, 65% were female and 35% were male. The study group had significantly more depressive episodes ( P = .004), heart failure ( P = .019), asthma ( P = .032), COPD ( P = .036), epilepsy ( P = .035), and lumbago ( P = .046) compared to the control group. GPs described their 5-year pFAs by words related to lung and breathing issues, but there was no statistical difference to the 1-year FAs’ descriptions. Conclusion: A typical pFA seems to be a woman, aged about 55 years with depressive episodes, asthma or COPD, and lower back pain. Physicians describe pFAs with ordinary words in patient records. It was not possible to differentiate pFAs from 1-year FAs in this way.
Mycobacterium chelonae Endogenous Endophthalmitis in a Person Addicted to Intravenous Drugs Presenting as an Intraretinal Peripapillary Granuloma With Tractional Retinal Detachment
Authors: Robbins Cason B. , Feng Henry L. , Zhang Wenlan , Fekrat Sharon , Grewal Dilraj S. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To report a case of Mycobacterium chelonae endogenous endophthalmitis in a 28-year-old man with recent intravenous drug use that presented as an intraretinal peripapillary granuloma extending from the optic nerve head with an associated macular tractional retinal detachment. Methods: Case report. Results: Anterior chamber tap yielded aqueous cultures positive for M chelonae. A diagnostic and therapeutic vitrectomy was performed after inpatient hospitalization for 3 weeks to relieve a progressively worsening tractional retinal detachment. Conclusions: Atypical causes of endophthalmitis, including nontuberculous mycobacterium, in the population of individuals addicted to intravenous drugs may present with intraretinal peripapillary granuloma associated with a macular tractional retinal detachment. Surgical debulking to relieve anteroposterior traction is an effective treatment option to improve long-term visual outcomes.
Distinguishing AML from MDS: a fixed blast percentage may no longer be optimal
Authors: Estey Elihu , Hasserjian Robert P. , Döhner Hartmut 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have conventionally received more intense therapy than patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Although less intense therapies are being used more often in AML, the dichotomy between AML and MDS remains, with the presence of ≥20% myeloblasts in marrow or peripheral blood generally regarded as defining AML. Consequently, patients with 19% blasts are typically ineligible for AML studies, and patients with 21% blasts are ineligible for MDS studies. Here we cite biologic and clinical data to question this practice. Biologically, abnormalities in chromosome 3q26 and mutations in NPM1 and FLT3, regarded as AML associated, also occur in MDS. The genetic signatures of MDS, particularly cases with 10% to 19% blasts (MDS-EB2), resemble those of AML following a preceding MDS (secondary AML). Mutationally, secondary AML appears at least as similar to MDS-EB2 as to de novo AML. Patients presenting with de novo AML but with secondary-type AML mutations seem to have the same poor prognosis associated with clinically defined secondary AML. Seattle data indicate that after accounting for European LeukemiaNet 2017 risk, age, performance status, clinically secondary AML, and treatment including allogeneic transplantation, patients with World Health Organization–defined AML (n = 769) have similar rates of overall survival, event-free survival, and complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery as patients with MDS-EB2 (n = 202). We suggest defining patients with 10% to 30% blasts (AML/MDS) as eligible for both AML and MDS studies. This would permit empiric testing of the independent effect of blast percentage on outcome, allow patients access to more therapies, and potentially simplify the regulatory approval process.
Feasibility of shortening intravenous antibiotic therapy for bronchiectasis based on bacterial load: a proof-of-concept randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bedi Pallavi , Cartlidge Manjit K. , Zhang Yang , Turnbull Kim , Donaldson Samantha , Clarke Andrea , Crowe Jane , Campbell Kadiga , Graham Catriona , Franguylan Ruzanna , Rossi Adriano G. , Hill Adam T. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThere is a lack of evidence to guide the duration of intravenous antibiotics for bronchiectasis exacerbations.AimsThe aim of this study was to assess whether it is feasible, based on bacterial load, to shorten intravenous antibiotics during exacerbations and whether 14 days of treatment is superior.MethodsWe recruited participants requiring intravenous antibiotics for exacerbations. Participants were randomised into two groups: to receive antibiotics for 14 days (14-day group) or to have a shorter duration of treatment based on bacterial load (bacterial load-guided group (BLGG)). Bacterial load was checked on days 0, 7, 10, 14 and 21. If the bacterial load was <106 CFU·mL−1on day 7 or day 10 in the BLGG, antibiotics were stopped the following day.ResultsA total of 47 participants were in the 14-day group and 43 were in the BLGG. 88% of participants in the BLGG were able to stop antibiotics by day 8 and potentially 81% of participants in the 14-day group could have stopped antibiotics at day 8. There was a nonsignificant trend for increased clinical improvement by day 21 in the 14-day group compared to the BLGG. However, overall group data showed the median (interquartile range) time to next exacerbation was 27.5 days (12.5–60 days) in the 14-day group and 60 days (18–110 days) in the in BLGG (p=0.0034). In a Cox proportional hazard model, participants in the 14-day group were more likely to experience exacerbations (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.16–2.80, p=0.009) than those in the BLGG, and those with mild bronchiectasis were less likely to experience exacerbations than patients with more severe bronchiectasis (HR 0.359, 95% CI 0.13–0.99, p=0.048).ConclusionsBacterial load-guided therapy is feasible in most exacerbations requiring intravenous antibiotics. There was a nonsignificant trend for increased clinical improvement by day 21 with 14 days of antibiotics compared with bacterial load-guided therapy but paradoxically there was a prolonged time to next exacerbation in the BLGG.
Resequencing of 672 Native Rice Accessions to Explore Genetic Diversity and Trait Associations in Vietnam
Authors: Higgins Janet , Santos Bruno , Khanh Tran Dang , Trung Khuat Huu , Duong Tran Duy , Doai Nguyen Thi Phuong , Khoa Nguyen Truong , Ha Dang Thi Thanh , Diep Nguyen Thuy , Dung Kieu Thi , Phi Cong Nguyen , Thuy Tran Thi , Tuan Nguyen Thanh , Tran Hoang Dung , Trung Nguyen Thanh , Giang Hoang Thi , Nhung Ta Kim , Tran Cuong Duy , Lang Son Vi , Nghia La Tuan , Van Giang Nguyen , Xuan Tran Dang , Hall Anthony , Dyer Sarah , Ham Le Huy , Caccamo Mario , De Vega Jose J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Vietnam possesses a vast diversity of rice landraces due to its geographical situation, latitudinal range, and a variety of ecosystems. This genetic diversity constitutes a highly valuable resource at a time when the highest rice production areas in the low-lying Mekong and Red River Deltas are enduring increasing threats from climate changes, particularly in rainfall and temperature patterns.

Results
We analysed 672 Vietnamese rice genomes, 616 newly sequenced, that encompass the range of rice varieties grown in the diverse ecosystems found throughout Vietnam. We described four Japonica and five Indica subpopulations within Vietnam likely adapted to the region of origin. We compared the population structure and genetic diversity of these Vietnamese rice genomes to the 3000 genomes of Asian cultivated rice. The named Indica-5 (I5) subpopulation was expanded in Vietnam and contained lowland Indica accessions, which had very low shared ancestry with accessions from any other subpopulation and were previously overlooked as admixtures. We scored phenotypic measurements for nineteen traits and identified 453 unique genotype-phenotype significant associations comprising twenty-one QTLs (quantitative trait loci). The strongest associations were observed for grain size traits, while weaker associations were observed for a range of characteristics, including panicle length, heading date and leaf width.

Conclusions
We showed how the rice diversity within Vietnam relates to the wider Asian rice diversity by using a number of approaches to provide a clear picture of the novel diversity present within Vietnam, mainly around the Indica-5 subpopulation. Our results highlight differences in genome composition and trait associations among traditional Vietnamese rice accessions, which are likely the product of adaption to multiple environmental conditions and regional preferences in a very diverse country. Our results highlighted traits and their associated genomic regions that are a potential source of novel loci and alleles to breed a new generation of low input sustainable and climate resilient rice.