bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Mass Attenuation Coefficient and Elemental Composition for Egbeda Soil Series of Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ademola Fajemiroye, Joseph 
Published: May 2021

Information from workers on the profitability of cassava on Iwo and Egbeda soil series in Oyo state, Nigeria have shown the Iwo soil series to be more profitable given the same scale of cassava cultivation. Therefore the need arises to improve on the soil properties of Egbeda soil series which will possibly improve the production efficiency for this category of farmers. In this work, an experimental procedure using gamma attenuation technique to determine the mass attenuation coefficient at different gamma ray energies of 59.5, 661.7, 1173.2 and 1332.5 keV, and at depths of 0 – 15, 15 – 30, 30 – 45, 45 – 60, 60 – 75 and 75 – 90 cm into the Egbeda soil series profile have been studied. Likewise X-ray fluorescence, XRF, method was used to obtain the elemental composition and concentrations at these depths while the XCOM software was applied to obtain the photon mass attenuation coefficients at the different gamma ray energies for the depths. Mass attenuation coefficients, obtained experimentally and that computed theoretically using XCOM varied exponentially with photon energy. The correlation coefficient between the experimentally-obtained and XCOM-obtained μs for the energies considered ranged from 0.89 – 0.96. The variation of with soil depth show that the top soil (0 – 15cm depths) is least attenuating with gamma ray penetrability varying down the profile. Information on the mass attenuation coefficients, elemental composition, and concentrations at varying depths into the soil profile will go a long way in contributing to efforts at improving the soil condition of the Egbeda soil series.
Virtual Reality For Electrical Machine
Authors: Ibrahim Nechirvan Salman Ibrahim , AKIN Erhan 
Published: May 2021

Virtual Reality (VR) is an innovation that enables a client to collaborate with a computer-mimicked climate, regardless of whether that climate is a recreation of this present reality or a conjured universe. It is the way to find, feel and contact with the past, the present and what is to come. It is the vehicle to make our own reality, our own altered reality. It could go from making a computer game to taking a virtual tour of the universe, from wandering through our own fantasy house to finding a walk on a strange planet. With computer-generated reality, we can meet the most frightening and boring circumstances by playing safe and with a learning point of view.
Mechanical maintenance preparation requires significant investment. Must be legitimate public information personnel before playing out any support on apparent devices and must have an appropriate maintenance and security setting applicable to the specific device support is performed on. Two organizations and scientific institutions face preparing limits when ordering maintenance for replacers or workers.
Virtual Reality situations deal with the issue of access, cost, support, firm plan, and well-being. Virtual reality situations using Game-Engine phases (for this mode, Unity), Computer-Aided-Design display and C# programming to execute what is needed in a VR reality head where a student is perfectly suited to speak with environmental factors through kidnapping, contact, holding, dropping, tossing and more through existing virtual reality controllers.
Evaluating the Challenges and Opportunities of the Use of Military Diplomacy in Intrastate Conflict Management in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Imbiakha Charles Okongo , Godfrey Okoth Pontian , Maloba Were Edmond 
Published: May 2021

Military diplomacy is increasingly relied on in the management of intra state conflicts globally. Far more common and controversial is the issue of combat troops to help end fighting in an intractable conflict. The Horn of Africa is an epitome of intractable regional intrastate conflicts that have attracted international, regional and even individual state military and humanitarian intervention since the 1970s. The Somalia and Sudan crises provide typical examples in which such efforts have been witnessed yet they also provide a case study of successful military diplomacy by African states in states engaged in protracted intra-state conflicts. This study was conceived to evaluate the challenges and opportunities of the use of military diplomacy in intrastate conflict management in the Horn of Africa. The study was located in the rational logic theory. It was carried out among peace groups and individuals who had participated in peace processes in the Horn of Africa. These were located in Mogadishu and Kismayu, Khartoum and Juba and embassies in Kenya that represent the Horn of Africa countries. Security personnel who have had a role in the Horn of Africa peace processes at African Union (AU), Inter - Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), East Africa Standby Force (EASF), United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), United Nations Africa (Union) Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) and African (Union) Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) were key informants. The study used purposive sampling and snowballing to determine the sample size. Data was collected using interview schedules and questionnaires which were analyzed using Concurrent Nested (Embedded) Design. Secondary data were gathered and reviewed from Journals, books and published proceedings that corroborated the primary data. The findings indicate that the obscurity of the military and the rubric in the understanding of military diplomacy poses a challenge for the military to influence intrastate conflicts in the Horn of Africa. This is compounded by other challenges including the Cold War mentality that has made the region to witness a series of foreign activities leading to militarization of the Horn of Africa with establishment of military bases in the Horn of Africa. Peace support operations are expensive to manage yet the missions undertaken in the Horn of Africa lack sustainable source of funds and instead over rely on foreign funding and goodwill. With no sufficient funds, buying equipment and paying the staff becomes a big challenge. Emerging threats and clan dynamics are actualities that the use of military diplomacy was found to face as a challenge. To change these challenges into opportunities requires rational logic from all stakeholders in the conflict management process
CaractÃ©risation des pÃ©rimÃ¨tres maraÃ®chers instituÃ©s par les groupements des femmes comme stratÃ©gie de rÃ©silience en zone post conflit (Casamance, SÃ©nÃ©gal)
Authors: Ndiaye Ousmane , Diatta Urbain , Abeudje Augustin , DramÃ© Mamady , Ndiaye Saliou , Tidiane Ba Cheikh 
Published: May 2021

Lâ€™Afrique subsaharienne est marquÃ©e, en ce dÃ©but de 21iÃ¨me siÃ¨cle, par une situation dâ€™insÃ©curitÃ© alimentaire gÃ©nÃ©ralisÃ©e, aussi bien dans les campagnes que dans les villes. Pour corriger ce dÃ©sÃ©quilibre, les groupements des femmes de lâ€™arrondissement de Kataba 1 instituent des blocs maraichers comme stratÃ©gie de rÃ©silience. Câ€™est dans cette perspective que cette Ã©tude se propose de faire une caractÃ©risation des pÃ©rimÃ¨tres maraichers des femmes dans lâ€™arrondissement de Kataba 1. Elle a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©e sur la base des enquÃªtes socioÃ©conomiques, menÃ©es auprÃ¨s de 140 producteurs rÃ©partis dans 73 blocs maraichers (soit 53,3% des blocs) appartenant Ã 53 villages. Les enquÃªtes ont rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© que 36,62% des productrices se trouvent sur la tranche dâ€™Ã¢ge 40 - 50 ans. Les superficies emblavÃ©es contenant 19 spÃ©culations maraichÃ¨res varient de 0,01 Ã 7,5 ha, . Le fertilisant le plus utilisÃ© est le fumier avec lâ€™application dâ€˜une dose deux (2) bassines par planche de 10 m2 . Toutefois, les cultures sont attaquÃ©es par de nombreux bioagresseurs qui occasionnent chaque annÃ©e des pertes importantes de rÃ©coltes. Pour lutter contre ces ennemis de culture, les producteurs adoptent selon les moyens disposÃ©s, deux types de traitements phytosanitaires Ã savoir lâ€™usage des produits chimiques de synthÃ¨se dâ€™une part et lâ€™application dâ€™extraits naturels.

Sub-Saharan Africa is marked by widespread food insecurity at the beginning of the 21st century, both in rural and city areas. To correct this imbalance, women's groups in the Kataba 1 borough are instituting market garden blocks as a resilience strategy. It is with this in mind that the study carried out in the district of Kataba 1 proposes to make a characterization of the market garden perimeters of the area. It was carried out on the basis of surveys of 140 producers in 73 winery blocks (or 53.3% 2 blocks) belonging to 53 villages. Surveys revealed that 36.62% of produccers are on the 40- to 50-year age group. With areas ranging from 0.01 to 7.5 ha, 19 market garden speculations were noted in the area. In addition, the most commonly used fertilizer is manure in doses of two (2) basins per 10 m2 board. However, crops are attacked by many enemies who cause significant crop losses each year. To combat these enemies, producers adopt two types of treatments, namely treatments with chemicals and those with natural products, according to the means available.
ReprÃ©sentations sociales de la pollution de lâ€™air intÃ©rieur et pratiques sociales des malades dâ€™asthme de la commune de Yopougon (CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire)
Authors: Rosine Kouadio Ahou , Fulbert Tra , Soualiho Ouattara 
Published: May 2021

La pollution de lâ€™air intÃ©rieur constitue un problÃ¨me de santÃ© publique du fait de son impact sur la santÃ© des populations. Cette Ã©tude vise Ã Ã©tablir le lien entre les reprÃ©sentations que les personnes souffrant dâ€™asthme ont de la pollution de lâ€™air intÃ©rieur et les pratiques sociales quâ€™ils adoptent en consÃ©quence, notamment au sein du mÃ©nage. A travers une approche mixte, cette recherche sâ€™est appuyÃ©e sur des techniques aussi bien quantitatives que qualitatives fondÃ©es sur la mÃ©thodologie des reprÃ©sentations sociales. Un questionnaire a Ã©tÃ© adressÃ© Ã 200 participants souffrant dâ€™asthme en utilisant des questions relevant du modÃ¨le explicatif et des items reprÃ©sentationnels. Ce questionnaire a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ© sur la base de lâ€™entretien effectuÃ© au prÃ©alable avec 31 personnes souffrant dâ€™asthme. Les rÃ©sultats indiquent que 97,5% des participants souffrant dâ€™asthme incriminent principalement lâ€™inhalation de la poussiÃ¨re et la fumÃ©e qui pÃ©nÃ¨trent dans leur domicile. Leurs propres pratiques et habitudes au sein du mÃ©nage sont peu Ã©voquÃ©es.

Owing to its impact on populationsâ€™ health, indoor air pollution represents a public health issue. This study aims to establish a relationship between the representations that asthma sufferers have of indoor air pollution and the social practices they adopt accordingly, especially within their household. In doing so, this study resorted to a mixed approach including both quantitative and qualitative techniques based on the methodology of social representations. Making use of questions related to the explanatory model and representational items, a questionnaire was administered to 200 asthma patients. This questionnaire was designed on the basis of the interview conducted beforehand with 31 participants. Results suggest that 97.5% of interviewed asthma patients essentially blame inhaling (outdoor) dust and smoke that enter their home. Little is mentioned about their own lifestyle (practices and habits).
Evaluation de la VulnÃ©rabilite Ã lâ€™Inondation des Communes Ã ProximitÃ© des Grandes Villes Ouest Africaines : Cas de la Commune de Bingerville (Est dâ€™Abidjan â€“ CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire)
Authors: Eba Anowa Evrade Larissa , Ake Gabriel Etienne , Gouadou Dâ€™avila FranÃ§oise , Jourda Jeanpatrice 
Published: May 2021

Cette Ã©tude vise Ã mettre en Ã©vidence des zones potentiellement inondables ou Ã risque dâ€™inondation dans la commune de Bingerville (Ã l'Est du district dâ€™Abidjan) dans un contexte dâ€™urbanisation rapide et non maitrisÃ©e, en vue dâ€™une gestion intÃ©grÃ©e et durable de son espace. La dÃ©marche mÃ©thodologique utilisÃ©e a consistÃ© Ã combiner les techniques de lâ€™analyse multicritÃ¨re, et les systÃ¨mes dâ€™informations gÃ©ographiques. Cinq paramÃ¨tres que sont: la pente, lâ€™occupation du sol, la densitÃ© de drainage, la densitÃ© de population et les facteurs environnementaux enthropiques ont Ã©tÃ© utilisÃ©s dans cette Ã©tude. Ensuite, des poids ont Ã©tÃ© assignÃ©s Ã ces paramÃ¨tres par lâ€™application de la mÃ©thode dâ€™analyse multicritÃ¨re de Saaty (AHP). La carte de vulnÃ©rabilitÃ©, a Ã©tÃ© obtenue par la combinaison des cinq paramÃ¨tres Ã travers un SIG, et elle rÃ©vÃ¨le cinq classes (trÃ¨s faible, faible, moyenne, fort et trÃ¨s forte). Les rÃ©sultats montrent que la commune de Bingerville est moyennement vulnÃ©rable Ã lâ€™inondation. Cependant, certains quartiers situÃ©s principalement au centre de la commune et en zones pÃ©riphÃ©riques et certains villages situÃ©s en bordure de lagune tels que Anan et AkandjÃ¨ prÃ©sentent de fortes vulnÃ©rabilitÃ©s Ã lâ€™inondation. Cette information scientifique oriente des prises de dÃ©cisions par les autoritÃ©s en charge de la gestion de la commune dans la prÃ©vention et la prise en charge des crises dâ€™inondation.

This study aims to highlight potentially floodable areas or areas at risk of flooding in the town of Bingerville (East of the district of Abidjan) in a context of rapid and uncontrolled urbanization, for an integrated and sustainable management of its space. The methodological approach used consisted in combining the techniques of multicriteria analysis, and geographic information systems. Five parameters including slope, land use, drainage density, population density and anthropogenic factors were used in this study. Then, weights were attributed to these parameters through Saatyâ€™s multi-criteria method (AHP). The vulnerability to flood was categorized into five classes (very low, low, medium, high and very high) by using GIS. The results show that the commune of Bingerville is moderately vulnerable to flooding. However, some neighborhoods located mainly in the center of the commune and in peripheral areas and some villages located on the edge of the lagoon such as Anan and AkandjÃ© are highly vulnerable to flooding. This scientific information is used to guide decision-making by the authorities in charge of managing the commune in the prevention and management of flood crises.
Etude Chimique et Micro-Cartographique De Roches CarbonatÃ©es : Cas Des Calcaires Lumachelliques De lâ€™OligocÃ¨ne Inferieur Du Bassin EmergÃ© de CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire
Authors: Yao Paul AssalÃ© Fori , Michel Kouadio Gbangbot Jean , Marcel KessÃ© TouvalÃ© , HervÃ© Kplohi Yaba , Isaac FÃ©a 
Published: May 2021

Dans le prÃ©sent travail, une Ã©tude minÃ©ralogique et cartographique chimique des calcaires lumachelliques de lâ€™OligocÃ¨ne infÃ©rieur du bassin Ã©mergÃ© de CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire a Ã©tÃ© effectuÃ©e. Les analyses ont Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©es au M.E.B, Ã©quipÃ© dâ€™un spectromÃ¨tre Ã diffusion dâ€™Ã©nergie. Lâ€™objectif est de comprendre les processus post-diagÃ©nÃ©tiques qui se sont produits dans les calcaires lumachelliques au cours de la transgression de lâ€™OligocÃ¨ne infÃ©rieur. Les rÃ©sultats ont montrÃ© que les calcaires lumachelliques sont composÃ©s de plus de 80% de calcium qui sont accompagnÃ©s par ordre dâ€™abondance de silicium (6,73%), de soufre (1,94%), de fer (1,62%), dâ€™aluminium (1,57%) et de magnÃ©sium (1,44%). Les rÃ©sultats rÃ©vÃ¨lent Ã©galement quâ€™au cours de la transgression de lâ€™OligocÃ¨ne infÃ©rieur, des inclusions minÃ©ralogiques ont Ã©tÃ© formÃ©es dans lâ€™ordre chronologique suivant : la glauconite et la pyrite. Durant cette transgression une silicification (quartzification) de certains bioclastes sâ€™est produite et cela entre les profondeurs 3000 m et la zone de compensation des carbonates (CDD) expliquant ainsi la prÃ©sence de silice dans ces calcaires par la micro-cartographie chimique. Ce nouvel environnement de dÃ©pÃ´t (marin profond) a occasionnÃ© encroÃ»tement de leur surface donnant ainsi un hardground.

In the present work, a mineralogical and chemical cartographic study of shelly limestones from the Lower Oligocene of CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire Ivorian emerged basin was carried out. The analyzes were realized under a scanning microscope which is equipped with an energy diffusion spectrometer (SEMEDS). The objective is to understand the post-diagenetic processes which occurred in shelly limestones during Lower Oligocene Transgression. The results showed that shelly limestones are composed of more than 80% of calcium which are accompanied in order of abundance of silicon (6.73), sulfur (1.94%), iron (1.62%), aluminum (1.57%) and magnesium (1.44%). The results also reveal during the Lower Oligocene Transgression, mineralogical inclusions were formed in chronological order: glauconite and pyrite. During this transgression, silicification (quartzification) of some bioclasts occurred between depths 3000 m and calcite compensation depth (CCD) explaining the presence of silica in these limestones by chemical micro-mapping. This new marine deposit (deeper sea) has caused the formation of hard-ground on shelly limestones surface.
Rhabdomyosarcome de I'iliopsoas : Localisation Exceptionnelle Chez une Femme de 65 Ans
Authors: V.E.S Koffi-Tessio , S. Oniankitan , P. Houzou , K. Kakpovi , E. Fianyo , K. Tagbor , O. Oniankitan , M. Mijiyawa 
Published: May 2021

Le rhabdomyosarcome est une tumeur maligne mÃ©senchymateuse de l'enfant et de l'adolescent. Il reprÃ©sente 5% de l'ensemble des tumeurs solides Ã ces Ã¢ges. Cette tumeur est rare chez l'adulte et exceptionnelle chez le sujet Ã¢gÃ©. Les localisations les plus frÃ©quentes sont la tÃªte, le cou et l'appareil urinaire. Peu d'Ã©tudes rapportent des localisations rÃ©tropÃ©ritonÃ©ales et l'atteinte primitive du muscle iliopsoas a Ã©tÃ© exceptionnellement dÃ©crite dans la littÃ©rature. Les auteurs rapportent une nouvelle observation d'une patiente de 65 ans prÃ©sentant un rhabomyosarcome alvÃ©olaire de l'iliopsoas gauche.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor in children and adolescents. It represents 5% of all solid tumors at these ages. This tumor is rare in adults and exceptional in the elderly. The most frequent localizations are the head, the neck, and the urinary tract. Few studies reported retroperitoneal emplacements, and primary involvement of the iliopsoas muscle has been described exceptionally. This paper focuses on reporting a new observation of a 65-year-old patient with alveolar rhabomyosarcoma of the left iliopsoas.
PERIDURAL CATETER RUPTURE DURING ANESTHETIC ACT
Authors: Castro Ana Flávia de Oliveira , Meneses Moura Clara Rebeca , Marques de Souza Pedro Durán , Soares Azevedo Mundim Rios Rafaela , Domingos da Mota Vantuir José , Adamoglu de Mendonça Nathálie 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT: Epidural catheter rupture is a condition rarely described in the literature, being considered rare. The reports on the subject present discussions about the possible causes and consequences in the anesthetic act. Discussions about complications are even rarer, of which neurological symptoms, pain, inflammation, root avulsion or infectious complications. Thus, this clinical case describes an event of epidural catheter rupture in a patient during preoperative analgesia, treated by surgery. Data were obtained through a review of the medical record, interview with the patient, photographic record of the diagnostic methods and review of the literature. Patient A. C., female, 28 years old, 55 kg, 1.64 m, GIPI, with previous history of pain in right hypochondrium, associated with nausea and vomiting, diagnosed with choledocholithiasis and taken to the surgical center for conventional cholecystectomy. During insertion of the catheter for anesthesia in the thoracic epidural space, the patient reported paresthesia in the right lower limb. When withdrawing needle-catheter assembly under resistance, there was rupture of the same. It was decided to perform imaging tests, which showed a catheter fragment in the computed axial tomography. Since the patient was symptomatic, an emergency surgical procedure was performed.
Keywords: epidural anesthesia; complications; epidural catheter; break.
ÍNDICE DE COMPLEXIDADE DA FARMACOTERAPIA NA ANEMIA FALCIFORME
Authors: Pinto Souza Dayse Cristinna , Da Costa Lacerda Maria Gabriela , De Sousa Bezerra Walkiria Brenda , De Melo Escórcio Dourado Carla Solange 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: A anemia falciforme é a doença hereditária de maior prevalência no Brasil. Embora seja conhecida há séculos, ainda não há um tratamento específico e os portadores da doença são frequentemente polimedicados. Portanto, a farmacoterapia representa um recurso terapêutico primordial na anemia falciforme e o seu prolongamento associa-se com a cronicidade e gravidade da doença. Dessa forma, a quantidade de medicamentos no esquema posológico, as doses diárias dos fármacos, as diferentes formas farmacêuticas, o total de doses por dia, as relações da dose com a alimentação, as orientações específicas para utilização dos medicamentos são características do regime terapêutico frequentemente prescrito aos indivíduos com anemia falciforme que acarretam na complexidade de sua farmacoterapia. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar o Índice de Complexidade da Farmacoterapia (ICFT) na anemia falciforme. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal envolvendo indivíduos com diagnóstico de anemia falciforme, sob tratamento medicamentoso, atendidos num centro de hemoterapia. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas e prontuário médico. As variáveis analisadas foram o perfil farmacoterapêutico, sociodemográfico e laboratorial. A quantificação da complexidade do regime terapêutico foi realizada conforme o Índice da Complexidade da Farmacoterapia. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes do estudo eram homens 5 (60%), ao passo que somente 40% eram mulheres. O valor do ICFT obtido foi de 6,11 sugerindo baixa complexidade da farmacoterapia e alta adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. Os principais fatores associados à complexidade da terapêutica farmacológica foi o número de medicamentos que os indivíduos faziam uso. Conclusões: Em suma, o presente estudo revelou que a simplificação dos regimes terapêuticos, proporciona uma melhor adesão ao tratamento farmacológico com consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida do indivíduo.
First Extensor Compartment Tendon Rupture in the Setting of a Radial Styloid and Both-Bone Forearm Fracture
Authors: Hockman Taylor N. , Triplet Jacob J. , DeGenova Daniel T. , French Bruce G. 
Published: May 2021

Case:
We report on the rare occurrence of first extensor compartment tendon injury at the myotendinous junction after fractures of the radial styloid and both-bone forearm in a healthy 59-year-old man. Here, a novel technique for repair of this unique injury and an additional proposed mechanism of tendon rupture are discussed.

Conclusion:
We advocate for the suspicion of tendon rupture in the first dorsal compartment with fractures of the radial styloid and both-bone forearm. Tubularization and transfer of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons to the brachioradialis muscle may be of benefit in these patients.
Isolated Traumatic Tear of the Middle Head of the Deltoid Muscle
Authors: Calcei J. Blake , Calcei Jacob G. , Estis Nicholas , Miller Theodore T. , Taylor Samuel A. 
Published: May 2021

Case:
A 27-year-old male pedestrian struck presented with left shoulder pain and weakness 4 months postinjury, with an isolated middle head of the deltoid tear. The patient's pain persisted despite extensive nonoperative management. The deltoid was primarily repaired to the lateral acromion using a transosseous suture repair technique.

Conclusion:
Suture repair of the deltoid to the acromion using transosseous tunnel fixation is a successful treatment for traumatic, isolated tears of the middle head of the deltoid muscle that fail conservative treatment. After surgical repair and physical therapy, our patient recovered full, pain-free range of motion and strength at 6 months.