bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic preparedness and response in service hub cities: lessons from Northwestern Ontario
Authors: Schiff Rebecca , Krysowaty Bonnie , Hay Travis , Wilkinson Ashley 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Responding to the needs of homeless and marginally housed persons has been a major component of the Canadian federal and provincial responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, smaller, less-resourced cities and rural regions have been left competing for limited resources (Schiff et al., 2020). The purpose of this paper is to use a case study to examine and highlight information about the capacities and needs of service hub cities during pandemics.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors draw on the experience of Thunder Bay – a small city in Northern Ontario, Canada which experienced a serious outbreak of COVID-19 amongst homeless persons and shelter staff in the community. The authors catalogued the series of events leading to this outbreak through information tracked by two of the authors who hold key funding and planning positions within the Thunder Bay homeless sector.

Findings
Several lessons may be useful for other cities nationally and internationally of similar size, geography and socio-economic position. The authors suggest a need for increased supports to the homeless sector in small service–hub cities (and particularly those with large Indigenous populations) to aid in the creation of pandemic plans and more broadly to ending chronic homelessness in those regions.

Originality/value
Small hub cities such as Thunder Bay serve vast rural areas and may have high rates of homelessness. This case study points to some important factors for consideration related to pandemic planning in these contexts.
HTMT2–an improved criterion for assessing discriminant validity in structural equation modeling
Authors: Roemer Ellen , Schuberth Florian , Henseler Jörg 
Published: September 2021

PurposeOne popular method to assess discriminant validity in structural equation modeling is the heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT). However, the HTMT assumes tau-equivalent measurement models, which are unlikely to hold for most empirical studies. To relax this assumption, the authors modify the original HTMT and introduce a new consistent measure for congeneric measurement models: the HTMT2.Design/methodology/approachThe HTMT2 is designed in analogy to the HTMT but relies on the geometric mean instead of the arithmetic mean. A Monte Carlo simulation compares the performance of the HTMT and the HTMT2. In the simulation, several design factors are varied such as loading patterns, sample sizes and inter-construct correlations in order to compare the estimation bias of the two criteria.FindingsThe HTMT2 provides less biased estimations of the correlations among the latent variables compared to the HTMT, in particular if indicators loading patterns are heterogeneous. Consequently, the HTMT2 should be preferred over the HTMT to assess discriminant validity in case of congeneric measurement models.Research limitations/implicationsHowever, the HTMT2 can only be determined if all correlations between involved observable variables are positive.Originality/valueThis paper introduces the HTMT2 as an improved version of the traditional HTMT. Compared to other approaches assessing discriminant validity, the HTMT2 provides two advantages: (1) the ease of its computation, since HTMT2 is only based on the indicator correlations, and (2) the relaxed assumption of tau-equivalence. The authors highly recommend the HTMT2 criterion over the traditional HTMT for assessing discriminant validity in empirical studies.
Geographies of information behaviour: a conceptual exploration
Authors: Cox Andrew , Fulton Crystal 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis article examines the relation between place, space and information behaviour.Design/methodology/approachConcepts of place and space are explored through a comparison of three leisure pursuits: running, urban exploration and genealogy, based on the authors' research and the published literature.FindingsA socially constructed meaning of place is central to each leisure activity but how it is experienced physically, emotionally and imaginatively are different. Places have very different meanings within each practice. Mirroring this, information behaviours are also very different: such as the sources used, the type of information created and how it is shared or not shared. Information behaviour contributes to the meanings associated with place in particular social practices.Research limitations/implicationsMeaning attached to place can be understood as actively constructed within social practices. Rather than context for information behaviours in the sense of an outside, containing, even constraining, environment, the meaning of place can be seen as actively constructed within social practices and by the information behaviours that are part of them.Originality/valueThe paper adds a new perspective to the understanding of place and space in the study of information behaviour.
3D printing of clay paste enhanced by scrap polymer from powder bed processes
Authors: Mele Mattia , Ricciarelli Michele , Campana Giampaolo 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Powder bed additive manufacturing processes are widespread due to their many technical and economic advantages. Nevertheless, the disposal of leftover powder poses a problem in terms of process sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to provide an alternative solution to recycle waste PA12 powder from HP multi jet fusion. In particular, the opportunity to use this material as a dispersion in three-dimensional (3D) printed clay is investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
A commercial fused deposition modelling printer was re-adapted to extrude a viscous paste composed of clay, PA12 and water. Once printed, parts were dried and then put in an oven to melt the polymer fraction. Four compositions with different PA12 concentration were studied. First, the extrudability of the paste was observed by testing different extrusion lengths. Then, the surface porosities were evaluated through microscopical observations of the manufactured parts. Finally, benchmarks with different geometries were digitalised via 3D scanning to analyse the dimensional alterations arising at each stage of the process.

Findings
Overall, the feasibility of the process is demonstrated. Extrusion tests revealed that the composition of the paste has a minor influence on the volumetric flow rate, exhibiting a better consistency in the case of long extrusions. The percentage of surface cavities was proportional to the polymer fraction contained in the mix. From dimensional analyses, it was possible to conclude that PA12 reduced the degree of shrinkage during the drying phase, while it increased dimensional alterations occurring in the melting phase. The results showed that the dimensional error measured on the z-axis was always higher than that of the XY plane.

Practical implications
The method proposed in this paper provides an alternative approach to reuse leftover powders from powder bed fusion processes via another additive manufacturing process. This offers an affordable and open-source solution to companies dealing with polymer powder bed fusion, allowing them to reduce their environmental impacts while expanding their production.

Originality/value
The paper presents an innovative additive manufacturing solution for powder reuse. Unlike the recycling methods in the body of literature, this solution does not require any intermediate transformation process, such as filament fabrication. Also, the cold material deposition enables the adoption of very inexpensive extrusion equipment. This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility and the benefits of this process, paving the way for numerous future studies.
Reservoir dynamics of rabies in south‐east Tanzania and the roles of cross‐species transmission and domestic dog vaccination
Authors: Lushasi Kennedy , Hayes Sarah , Ferguson Elaine A. , Changalucha Joel , Cleaveland Sarah , Govella Nicodem J. , Haydon Daniel T. , Sambo Maganga , Mchau Geofrey J. , Mpolya Emmanuel A. , Mtema Zacharia , Nonga Hezron E. , Steenson Rachel , Nouvellet Pierre , Donnelly Christl A. , Hampson Katie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Understanding the role of different species in the transmission of multi‐host pathogens, such as rabies virus, is vital for effective control strategies. Across most of sub‐Saharan Africa domestic dogs Canis familiaris are considered the reservoir for rabies, but the role of wildlife has been long debated. Here we explore the multi‐host transmission dynamics of rabies across south‐east Tanzania.

Between January 2011 and July 2019, data on probable rabies cases were collected in the regions of Lindi and Mtwara. Hospital records of animal‐bite patients presenting to healthcare facilities were used as sentinels for animal contact tracing. The timing, location and species of probable rabid animals were used to reconstruct transmission trees to infer who infected whom and the relative frequencies of within‐ and between‐species transmission.

During the study, 688 probable human rabies exposures were identified, resulting in 47 deaths. Of these exposures, 389 were from domestic dogs (56.5%) and 262 from jackals (38.1%). Over the same period, 549 probable animal rabies cases were traced: 303 in domestic dogs (55.2%) and 221 in jackals (40.3%), with the remainder in domestic cats and other wildlife species.

Although dog‐to‐dog transmission was most commonly inferred (40.5% of transmission events), a third of inferred events involved wildlife‐to‐wildlife transmission (32.6%), and evidence suggested some sustained transmission chains within jackal populations.

A steady decline in probable rabies cases in both humans and animals coincided with the implementation of widespread domestic dog vaccination during the first 6 years of the study. Following the lapse of this program, dog rabies cases began to increase in one of the northernmost districts.

Synthesis and applications. In south‐east Tanzania, despite a relatively high incidence of rabies in wildlife and evidence of wildlife‐to‐wildlife transmission, domestic dogs remain essential to the reservoir of infection. Continued dog vaccination alongside improved surveillance would allow a fuller understanding of the role of wildlife in maintaining transmission in this area. Nonetheless, dog vaccination clearly suppressed rabies in both domestic dog and wildlife populations, reducing both public health and conservation risks and, if sustained, has potential to eliminate rabies from this region.
Climate Change and Agriculture: an Integrated Dutch Perspective
Authors: Jongeneel Roel , Gonzalez‐Martinez Ana 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe Netherlands is facing a set of serious interrelated environmental and economic challenges, some of which are developing to crisis levels. These challenges also impinge significantly on agriculture. With respect to agriculture, Phosphate, Nitrate, water and climate impacts present key environmental challenges. The preservation of biodiversity, landscapes, animal welfare and the use of antibiotics are also elements which could be added to the list. Given the multiple challenges and the need to adhere to the legal commitments of several sustainability and climate objectives, an integrated approach to addressing these challenges is needed. In other words, there is a need for policy optimisation. As a follow‐up to their commitment to the Paris Agreement, the Dutch government took action by developing a national Climate Agreement (Klimaatakkoord). In order to provide more insights into the actions needed for the longer run (until 2050), a special study exploring different scenarios was issued, the main outcomes of which are presented in this article with a focus on the climate challenge. This study suggests that there is still considerable potential from both livestock farming and agricultural soils to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, even at the current scale of the agricultural sector.
Are glucocorticoids good indicators of disturbance across populations that exhibit cryptic variation in contaminant tolerance?
Authors: Shidemantle G. , Buss N. , Hua J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlucocorticoids (corticosterone/cortisol; cort) are frequently used in conservation as biomarkers of disturbance in wild populations. However, the context‐dependent nature of cort means that it may not always accurately reflect disturbance. For example, there is growing evidence that wildlife populations can evolve or acclimate to human‐induced environmental change (i.e. contaminants) by expressing higher levels of tolerance. Mechanisms that allow for populations to achieve higher contaminant tolerance can be related to cort and thereby impact the reliability of cort as an indicator of disturbance. This study asks: (1) do wildlife populations that differ in tolerance to contaminants differentially express baseline and stress‐induced cort and (2) is cort a viable indicator of disturbance across populations that differ in tolerance to contaminants? Toward this goal, we identified three wood frog Rana sylvatica populations with relatively high NaCl tolerance and three populations with relatively low NaCl tolerance. Tadpoles from these populations were reared to metamorphosis in either an environmentally relevant concentration of NaCl (0.5 g L−1 NaCl) or a control (0 g L−1 NaCl). At metamorphosis we used a non‐invasive waterborne assay to measure baseline and stress‐induced cort release rates and measured fitness‐related metrics. We found that contaminant tolerance influences cort levels. More tolerant populations had lower baseline cort and higher fitness compared to less tolerant populations. However, despite variation in cort across populations with different levels of tolerance, cort still represents a viable indicator of condition as our results show a consistent negative relationship between cort and fitness. Lastly, we found that levels of cort were consistent regardless of whether amphibians were reared in NaCl contaminated or non‐contaminated environments. Overall, we emphasize the importance of recognizing population‐level variation in cort due to contaminant tolerance when using cort as a biomarker for conservation purposes.
Characteristics and intentions of heterosexual couples comprising a transgender man awaiting sperm donation to conceive a child
Authors: Bonan Sarah , Chapel‐Lardic Emeline , Rosenblum Ouriel , Dudkiewicz‐Sibony Charlotte , Chamouard Laura , Wolf Jean‐Philippe , Thiounn Nicolas , Condat Agnès , Chalas Céline , Patrat Catherine , Mendes Nicolas , Drouineaud Véronique 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMore than half of transgender (TG) men wish to have children. Until recently, TG people in France were rarely offered gamete donation, mainly because the Bioethics Law allows the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) only in infertile couples. The only option currently available for heterosexual couples with a TG man is ART with sperm donation. The Center for Study and Preservation of Eggs and Sperm (CECOS) of the Cochin Hospital is the first French center to propose sperm donation to such couples, and has done so since 1999.ObjectivesTo determine the main characteristics and intentions of 43 couples, including a TG man and his cisgender female partner awaiting sperm donation.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was carried out on the records from October 2010 to December 2019, of 43 couples with a TG man who applied for sperm donation at the CECOS of the Cochin Hospital (Paris, France).ResultsThe mean age of TG men and cisgender women was 32 ± 6.6 and 29.7 ± 4.6 years, respectively. In 77% of cases, the couple met before the man's transition. Eighty‐one percent of the couples were in a stable relationship for at least 3 years, and 94% wished to have a child for no more than 5 years. Almost all of the couples (95%) intended to inform their child of their conception by sperm donation and the father's transidentity (92%).DiscussionDue to restrictive French legislation, the profile of our couples probably does not reflect that of all couples consisting of a TG man and a cisgender woman. The study took place over a long period of time and the characteristics of the couples could probably change over time.ConclusionThe couples often met before the man's transition, cohabited for several years, intended to inform their child of sperm donation and the father's transidentity.
Birth outcomes between 22 and 26 weeks' gestation in national population‐based cohorts from Sweden, England and France
Authors: Morgan Andrei S. , Zeitlin Jennifer , Källén Karin , Draper Elizabeth S. , Maršál Karel , Norman Mikael , Serenius Fredrik , van Buuren Stef , Johnson Samantha , Benhammou Valérie , Pierrat Véronique , Kaminski Monique , Foix L'Helias Laurence , Ancel Pierre‐Yves , Marlow Neil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimWe investigated the timing of survival differences and effects on morbidity for foetuses alive at maternal admission to hospital delivered at 22 to 26 weeks’ gestational age (GA).MethodsData from the EXPRESS (Sweden, 2004–07), EPICure‐2 (England, 2006) and EPIPAGE‐2 (France, 2011) cohorts were harmonised. Survival, stratified by GA, was analysed to 112 days using Kaplan‐Meier analyses and Cox regression adjusted for population and pregnancy characteristics; neonatal morbidities, survival to discharge and follow‐up and outcomes at 2–3 years of age were compared.ResultsAmong 769 EXPRESS, 2310 EPICure‐2 and 1359 EPIPAGE‐2 foetuses, 112‐day survival was, respectively, 28.2%, 10.8% and 0.5% at 22–23 weeks’ GA; 68.5%, 40.0% and 23.6% at 24 weeks; 80.5%, 64.8% and 56.9% at 25 weeks; and 86.6%, 77.1% and 74.4% at 26 weeks. Deaths were most marked in EPIPAGE‐2 before 1 day at 22–23 and 24 weeks GA. At 25 weeks, survival varied before 28 days; differences at 26 weeks were minimal. Cox analyses were consistent with the Kaplan‐Meier analyses. Variations in morbidities were not clearly associated with survival.ConclusionDifferences in survival and morbidity outcomes for extremely preterm births are evident despite adjustment for background characteristics. No clear relationship was identified between early mortality and later patterns of morbidity.
A decision framework for estimating the cost of marine plastic pollution interventions
Authors: Murphy Erin L. , Bernard Miranda , Iacona Gwenllian , Borrelle Stephanie B. , Barnes Megan , McGivern Alexis , Emmanuel Jorge , Gerber Leah R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMarine plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time. Although there has been a surge in global investment for implementing interventions to mitigate plastic pollution, there has been little attention given to the cost of these interventions. We developed a decision support framework to identify the economic, social, and ecological costs and benefits of plastic pollution interventions for different sectors and stakeholders. We calculated net cost as a function of six cost and benefit categories with the following equation: cost of implementing an intervention (direct, indirect, and nonmonetary costs) minus recovered costs and benefits (monetary and nonmonetary) produced by the interventions. We applied our framework to two quantitative case studies (a solid waste management plan and a trash interceptor) and four comparative case studies, evaluating the costs of beach cleanups and waste‐to‐energy plants in various contexts, to identify factors that influence the costs of plastic pollution interventions. The socioeconomic context of implementation, the spatial scale of implementation, and the time scale of evaluation all influence costs and the distribution of costs across stakeholders. Our framework provides an approach to estimate and compare the costs of a range of interventions across sociopolitical and economic contexts.
Efficacy of the colchicine add‐on therapy in patients with autoimmune chronic urticaria
Authors: Nabavizadeh Sayed Hesamedin , Babaeian Masroor , Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Mortazavifar Nasrin , Alyasin Soheila 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChronic urticaria is in some cases very difficult to treat, we aimed to evaluate the effect of colchicine on chronic urticaria management. Fifty‐five euthyroid patients with chronic urticaria were examined based on UQL and UAS7 questionnaires. The overall UQL‐Q score after 3 months has not any statistical difference between groups. The overall UQL‐Q score changes between groups was not statistically different. However, the UQL‐Q score significantly reduces during study period in each group. In conclusion, colchicine can manage the sign and symptoms of chronic urticaria, which improve the patients' quality of life.
‘You just feel more relaxed’: An Investigation of Art Room Atmosphere
Authors: Thomson Pat , Hall Christine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArt educators are increasingly interested in the affective dimensions of pedagogy. This article explores students’ reports of feeling more relaxed and less stressed in the art room, data drawn from a three‐year study of thirty arts‐rich secondary schools. Drawing on recent scholarship on affect, we suggest that these feelings were in part the result of ‘atmosphere’ – mobile bodies in (1) a curated space, engaged with educational activities associated with (2) a signature text and pedagogy, enacted as an (3) isorhythmic practice. We suggest that these three elements of atmosphere not only help us to understand how to produce positive feelings about art, but they also have some potential for use in professional reflection on practice.
Partner support and connection protect couples during pregnancy: A daily diary investigation
Authors: Kumar Shaina A. , Brock Rebecca L. , DiLillo David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the current study was to examine associations between daily subjective stress and relationship satisfaction as a function of two protective factors—partner support and connection (i.e., intimacy, passion, and commitment)—among couples during pregnancy.BackgroundStress brought into the intimate relationship by each partner is often associated with relational dissatisfaction and discord, referred to as stress spillover. Although much research has focused on risk for poor relational outcomes associated with partner stress, it is equally important to focus on resilience.MethodWe examined this phenomenon among 154 couples navigating pregnancy. Couples attended an initial laboratory session and then completed daily diary measures from home across 14 days.ResultsMultilevel modeling techniques revealed that higher daily subjective stress than usual was negatively associated with relationship satisfaction that day for fathers and mothers, and partner support and connection attenuated this link to a significant degree. As these protective factors increased, the strength of the negative association between daily stress and relationship satisfaction decreased for both parents. Exploratory analyses showed no significant within‐person associations between daily stress and next‐day relationship satisfaction at any level of support or connection.ConclusionThese findings add innovative components to the investigation of the spillover process, including the examination of this process among couples during pregnancy, utilization of daily diary methods to study this phenomenon on a micro‐level over time, and identification of protective factors mitigating daily stress spillover.