bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Water Instant Noodle on Histologycal Appearance of Pregnant Mice (Mus musculus L.)
Authors: Sister Sianturi  
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya yaitu uji pemberian air rebusan mie instan pada mencit betina bunting dan diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat kelainan fetus tetapi pada analisis statistic kelainan tersebut tidak signifikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran histologi organ hepar mencit betina bunting setelah pemberian air rebusan mie instan. Tahapan penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: persiapan hewan uji mencit betina bunting yang sudah diberi perlakuan air rebusan mie instan dari 3 merek yang berbeda yaitu P1, P2, dan P3.Masing-masing perlakuan tersebut terdiri atas pemberian air rebusan dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 30%, 50%, dan 70% selama 14 hari, kemudian mencit dikorbankan lalu diambil organ hepar, pembuatan preparat histology, lalu diamati struktur histologinya. Metode pembuatan preparat histologi mengikuti prosedur pewarnaan HE (Haematoxyllin-Eosine). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan struktur sel hepatosit hepar pada perlakuan yaitu degenerasi midzonal dan nekrosis. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pemberian perlakuan air rebusan mi instan terhadap susunan sel hepar. Penelitian menggunakan jumlah sampel organ yang terbatas sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan sampel yang lebih banyak dan diperlukan adanya analisis statistik untuk mengetahui tingkat derajat kerusakan sel.

ABSTRACT
This study was conducted based on previous research, to test of giving instant noodle boiled water to pregnant female mice and the results showed that there were fetal abnormalities but the statistical analysis of these abnormalities was not significant. This study was conducted to determine the histology of the liver of pregnant female mice after giving instant noodle boiled water. The stages of this research are as follows: preparation of pregnant female mice that have been treated with instant noodle boiled water from 3 different brands, namely P1, P2, and P3. Each treatment consisted of giving boiled water with different concentrations of 30 %, 50%, and 70% for 14 days, then the mice were sacrificed and then the liver was taken, histology preparations were made, then the histological structure was observed. The method of making histology preparations followed the HE (Haematoxyllin-Eosine) staining procedure. The results showed that there were changes in the structure of the liver hepatocyte cells in the treatment, namely midzonal degeneration and necrosis. This shows that there is an effect of giving instant noodle boiled water treatment on the composition of liver cells. The study used a limited number of organ samples, so it is necessary to do research with more samples and statistical analysis is needed to determine the degree of cell damage
Antibacterial Activity of Grape Seeds Extracts (Vitis vinifera L.) Against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 31987
Authors: Fathin Hamida  , Vilya Syafriana  , Carla Febriayu Ramadhani  , Elsa Vera Nanda  
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK
Streptococcus mutans merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab karies gigi. Penggunaan antibiotic merupakan terapi infeksi yang umum dilakukan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Biji anggur diketahui mengandung senyawa polifenol yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas ektrak biji anggur terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Bahan uji yang digunakan adalah buah anggur yang diambil bijinya. Buah anggur diperoleh dari Pasar Induk, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. Ekstrak biji anggur diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat dan etanol 70%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram pada media Mueller Hinton Agar dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20%, dan 40%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 70% biji anggur memiliki aktivitas antibakteri pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20%, dan 40% dengan nilai hambatan secara berurutan sebesar 8,46 mm; 8,91 mm; 9,89 mm; dan 11,04 mm. Hasil pada ekstrak etil asetat juga menunjukkan ada aktivitas penghambatan pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20%, dan 40% dengan nilai hambatan secara berurutan sebesar 7,72 mm; 8,50 mm; 9,64 mm; dan 10,51 mm. Ekstrak etanol 70% biji anggur memiliki daya hambat yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etil asetat. Hasil ini dapat menjadi acuan untuk pengembangan potensi biji anggur sebagai bahan obat atau kosmedik (kosmetik-medik) penanganan karies gigi.

ABSTRACT
Streptococcus mutans is one of the bacteria that cause dental caries. The antibiotics usually used for the therapy of this infection to inhibit bacterial growth. Polyphenol, which recommended as an antibacterial agent, is common secondary metabolites in grape seeds. The purpose of this study is to know the activity of grape seed extract against Streptococcus mutans. The grape seeds were obtained from fresh fruits which bought from Pasar Induk, Kramat Jati, East Jakarta. The grape seed extract was obtained by the maceration method using ethyl acetate and 70% ethanol. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar media with a concentration of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%. The results showed that 70% ethanol extract of grape seeds had antibacterial activity at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% with a value of 8.46 mm; 8.91 mm; 9.89 mm; and 11.04 mm respectively. The results of ethyl acetate extract also showed inhibitory activity at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% with values ​​of 7.72 mm; 8.50 mm; 9.64 mm; and 10.51 mm respectively. The inhibition of 70% ethanol extract of grape seed is greater than ethyl acetate extract. The results of the study can be used as reference for the potential development of grape seed as a medicinal or cosmedic cosmetic-medical) ingredient for treating dental caries.
Antecedentenscreening in de financiële sector
Authors: van ’t Zand E.G. , Schuyt P.M. , Crijns J.H. 
Published: June 2021

Antecedentenscreening in de financiële sector – een empirische blik op integriteitswaarborging door de uitwisseling en beoordeling van antecedenten
In de financiële sector vinden steeds meer integriteitstoetsingen en -screenings plaats. Het beoordelen van integriteit draait niet alleen om strafrechtelijke antecedenten, maar ook om toezichtantecedenten, (fiscaal) bestuursrechtelijke antecedenten, financiële antecedenten en tuchtrechtelijke antecedenten. Juridisch-empirisch onderzoek laat zien dat de financiële sector zich kenmerkt door een bont geschakeerd palet aan instanties die integriteitseisen stellen, het gedrag van professionals en ondernemingen toetsen en daarvoor onderling gegevens over antecedenten delen. Aangezien het totale integriteitsinstrumentarium veel overlap kent, is meer duidelijkheid over hoe lang, op welke wijze en in welke contexten antecedenten kunnen doorwerken onontbeerlijk. Daarbij lijkt het aangewezen meer oog te hebben voor de consistentie en systematiek in het totale systeem van integriteitstoetsingen en -screenings.
Douanebeslag en het strafrecht
Authors: Altena A.P. 
Published: June 2021

Douanebeslag en het strafrecht
Wanneer het gaat over beslag dat wordt gelegd in strafzaken, dan zal men niet snel denken aan de Algemene douanewet als grondslag voor beslag. Toch biedt deze wet een niet-strafvorderlijke beslaggrond voor opsporingsambtenaren. Dit douanebeslag is ook op andere vlakken verbonden met het strafrecht. Zo is het uitsluitend de strafrechter die controleert of deze fiscale beslaggrond terecht is toegepast. In dit artikel wordt onderzocht wat het douanebeslag precies inhoudt en welke verwevenheid er bestaat met het strafrecht.
Gebleken onschuld tijdens de civiele schadevergoedingsprocedure
Authors: Nan J.S. 
Published: June 2021

Gebleken onschuld tijdens de civiele schadevergoedingsprocedure – Noot bij HR 25 september 2020, ECLI:NL:HR:2020:1526
Schadevergoeding voor schade door het strafproces De gewezen verdachte kan na een goede afloop van de tsrafzaak om vergoeding van bepaalde kosten en schade verzoeken binnen het strafproces. Die mogelijkheden worden aangevuld door de civiele actie uit onrechtmatige overheidsdaad. De civiele rechter moet behoorlijk strenge eisen stellen eerdat een vordering kan worden toegewezen. Bij de zogeheten ‘gebleken onschuld’ moet vanuit de strafzaak komen vast te staan dat eiser inderdaad onschuldig is. Hoewel dit kan knellen met de onschuldpresumptie van art. 6 lid 2 EVRM, houdt de civiele kamer vast aan deze grondslag voor schadevergoeding.
A Qualitative Study of Health Care Professionals’ Views on Bowel Care in Multiple Sclerosis: Whose Job Is It Anyway?
Authors: Woodward Sue , Coggrave Maureen , Dibley Lesley , McClurg Doreen , Norton Christine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Bowel dysfunction, including constipation and fecal incontinence, is prevalent in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), adversely affecting quality of life and increasing caregiver burden. How health care professionals (HCPs) identify, assess, and manage people with MS with bowel dysfunction is understudied. This study explored how HCPs think about, assess, and manage bowel dysfunction in individuals with MS.

Methods:
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 HCPs from different professional disciplines and clinical specialties recruited from UK National Health Service primary, secondary, and tertiary care services using purposive and chain referral sampling through professional networks. One participant worked for a bladder and bowel charity. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:
Views differed regarding responsibilities for providing bowel care. Participants thought individuals with MS should notify HCPs of bowel symptoms and take responsibility for self-management where possible, with family caregivers required to help with bowel care. Although people with MS were often referred to bladder and bowel specialists when a crisis point was reached, earlier referral was called for by these HCPs. There were variations in assessment processes, treatment options offered, and service provision. Participants thought HCPs needed more education on bowel dysfunction, bowel care should take a high priority, and evidence-based clinical guidelines and referral pathways would improve service delivery.

Conclusions:
The HCPs caring for individuals with MS see many with bowel dysfunction, and there is variation in care and service provision; HCPs require more education, evidence-based clinical guidelines, and referral pathways to improve case finding, assessment, and management of these symptoms for individuals with MS.
Application of Sarima Models in Modelling and Forecasting Monthly Rainfall in Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Aliyu Sani , Auwal Abubakar Muhammad , Adenomon M. O. 
Published: June 2021

Application of SARIMA model in modelling and forecasting monthly rainfall in Nigeria was considered in this study. The study utilizes the Nigerian monthly rainfall data between 1980-2015 obtained from World Bank Climate Portal. The Box-Jenkin’s methodology was adopted. SARIMA (2,0,1) (2,1,1) [12] was the best model among others that fit the Nigerian rainfall data (1980-2015) with maximum p-value from Box-Pierce Residuals Test. The study forecasts Nigeria’s monthly rainfall from 2018 through 2042. It was discovered that the month of April is the period of onset of rainfall in Nigeria and November is the period of retreat. Based on the findings, Nigeria will experience approximately equal amount of rainfall between 2018 to 2021 and will experience a slight increase in rainfall amount in 2022 to about 1137.078 (mm). There will be a decline of rainfall at 2023 to about 1061 (mm). Rainfall values will raise again to about 1142.756 (mm) in 2024 and continue to fluctuate with decrease in variation between 2024 to 2042, then remain steady to 2046 at approximately 1110.0 (mm). Nigerian Government should provide a more mechanized and drier season farming methods to ease the outage of rainfall in future that may be caused due to natural (or unpredictable) variation.
Modelling Bubble Lifetime of Thin Film Surfactants Solution on Fuel Spillage
Authors: Felistus Shitakha , George Kimathi , Caroline Songa 
Published: June 2021

Aims / Objectives: To find the lifetime of the bubble by plotting the rate of mass flow rate change against time. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Mathematics and Applied Science, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, between February 2020 and March 2021.
Methodology: The maximum lifetime of the bubble is assumed to match the time when the mass flow rate change is zero. The study also assumes the velocity of flow rate and other fluid properties at the interface of fuel-surfactant constant other than Re. Re is varied from 0.01 to 100.
Results: The graphical plots show that for Re ! 1, and Re " 1, the stability depends on diffusive viscosity and linearized convection, respectively. The simulation suggested that the bubble formed at the fuel-surfactant interface may have Re “ 1 and its lifetime is tb » 0.28.
Conclusion: The lifetime of surfactant depends on Re while assuming other interface properties constant.
Recommendation: Future studies in the area need to consider the effect of variation in temperature, velocity, and Reynolds number in determining the lifetime of a bubble in the thin foam of the surfactant-fuel interface.
Blood Neutrophil / Lymphocyte Ratio and C –Reactive Protein / Albumin Ratio as Markers of Response for Treatment of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Authors: Mustafa Marwa Awad , Mabrouk Maaly Mohamad , Saif Sabry Abd Ellatif Abou , Elwan Nadia Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is an acute infection of ascites with the absence of surgically treatable cause and the gold standard method in its diagnosis is the presence of 250 polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) /mm3 or more by diagnostic paracentesis. Blood neutrophil/lymphocytic ratio (NLR) is an applicable, inexpensive, and simple test for inflammation. C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) is an inflammatory marker used for the diagnosis and follow-up of many diseases and morbidities. We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of both blood NLR and CAR as applicable, simple and non-invasive tests for SBP follow-up.
Patients and Methods: This study was done on 80 cirrhotic ascitic patients attending the Tropical Medicine Department of Tanta University Hospital. They were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and ascitic fluid analysis. The patients were divided into two groups according to the results of diagnostic paracentesis into group I: 40 cirrhotic ascitic patients without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and group II: 40 cirrhotic ascitic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and then SBP group were tested after treatment by third-generation cephalosporin for five days for ascitic sample, NLR and CAR.
Results: Both blood NLR and CAR were significantly higher in SBP patients. Also, a significant decrease in both ratios was observed post-treatment with significant positive correlations between both NLR and CAR with ascitic neutrophil count after SBP treatment.
Conclusion: NLR and CAR can be used as quick, cheap, and applicable markers of the response of treatment in SBP patients.
Rheumatoid Factor and Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies Levels in Chronic Viral Hepatitis (B&C)
Authors: Ramadan Ghada Mohamed , Ghazy Medhat Abd-Elmegied , Mabrouk Maaly Mohamed , El-Naggar Mohamed Hassan 
Published: June 2021

Background: Extrahepatic manifestations is a relatively common feature in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Among the different clinical disorders associated with HCV infection, articular involvement is a frequent complication, and the clinical picture of HCV related arthropathy varies widely. In particular, monoarticular or oligoarticular involvement affects larger joints and is typically associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia, whereas symmetric polyarthritis associated with HCV infection frequently displays a rheumatoid arthritis like clinical picture which can be clinically indistinguishable from RA itself. This study aimed to evaluate level of Rheumatoid Factor and anti-CCP level in chronic viral hepatitis B&C.
Patients and methods: Thirty patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thirty patients with chronic hepatitis C virus and thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B virus were selected to perform this study and they were compared to thirty normal subjects as a reference group.
Results: There was significant difference between the hemoglobin in the four groups. As regard Rheumatoid Factor there was significant difference between the studied groups. As regard Anti-CCP, there was significant difference between the studied groups. There was also significant difference between the four groups according to level of positivity. Finally, our study shows clinically significant positive correlation between RF as well as anti CCP titer and both HBV DNA and HCV RNA viral levels.
Conclusions: Rheumatoid factor was found with considerable percentage in chronic HBV & HCV patients without musculoskeletal manifestations. Anti-CCP can be detected with low positivity in chronic HBV&HCV patients even without arthritic manifestations. There is a significant positive correlation between RF titre and HBV DNA& HCV RNA in chronic hepatitis patients. There is a significant positive correlation between anti-CCP and HBV DNA& HCV RNA in chronic hepatitis patients. Chronic HBV & HCV can be considered and investigated in patients with positive RF and/or anti CCP without arthritic manifestations.
Prevalence of Depression and Its Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in an Urban Primary Care Clinic
Authors: Miskan M. , Ambigga K. 
Published: June 2021

Aims: To determine the prevalence of depression among patients with Diabetes Mellitus and to identify its associated risk factors.
Study design: This is a cross sectional study.
Place of study: This study was conducted in an urban primary care clinic in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.
Methodology: This study utilized a self-administered questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS-D) for the data collection. A total of 358 respondents were eligible to be included in this study.
Results: A total of 382 respondents were recruited in this study using universal sampling method. A total number of 358 eligible respondents were included in the final data analysis. The response rate for this study was 94%. Respondents’ mean age was 60.8 years ± 10.3, 56% females, 38% Malays, 76% were married, 37.7% had Diabetes for more than 5 years and 76.3% had completed secondary school education. This study concluded that 63.7% of participants had poor diabetes control and 26% had probable depression. On multiple logistic regression, respondents who earned income less than RM 500 per month were 2.6 times more likely to have probable depression (aOR: 2.64, 95% CI:1.29 -5.43). Patients who received no formal education were 4.5 times more likely to have probable depression (aOR: 4.51 95% CI:1.74-11.63). Respondents with co-morbid illness were almost 3 times more likely to have probable depression (aOR: 2.92, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8).
Conclusion: Prevalence of probable depression was high and there was a significant association between depression with income, education level and co-morbid illness. Thus, there is a need to identify and manage depression accordingly among diabetic patients.
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis in a Referral Hospital in East Africa: A Retrospective Study of Four Cases
Authors: Wismayer Richard 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare condition with the most common site of thrombosis development being the superior mesenteric vein. Patients predisposed to this condition tend to develop a disruption to Virchow’s triad of endothelial injury, stasis and hypercoagulability. In the acute form the presentation is with bowel ischaemia and so a diagnosis before bowel gangrene develops remains a challenge. The limited experience with this condition in the East African region shows that a delayed diagnosis due to limited investigative capacity results in patients’ experiencing acute renal failure and a high mortality. This review describes the aetiology, clinical features and management of acute mesenteric venous ischaemia.
Methods: A descriptive retrospective review of four patients over an 18-month period. Demographic and clinical data was extracted from the patients’ clinical files and manual analysis using a spreadsheet was performed.
Results: Over an 18-month period, four patients were reported. All patients had a delay in diagnosis with acute symptoms persisting for 5 days up to 21 days. Two patients died within 30-days post-operatively of complications which included short bowel syndrome and acute kidney failure. Two patients survived developing complications from short bowel syndrome and another the complications of acute kidney injury requiring haemodialysis.
Conclusions: A delay in diagnosis of acute MVT characterises this short case series. This resulted in all cases presenting with gangrenous bowel and hence the high mortality. Venous clot propagation is prevented with anticoagulation which is associated with decreased mortality and recurrence. Thrombolysis and thrombectomy should be considered in certain circumstances to prevent bowel of questionable viability. In the last four decades the mortality from MVT has decreased and currently stands at 10-20% however there is no sufficient literature in East Africa to make this judgement.
Fibrous Dysplasia: A Retrospective Review of Histologically Diagnosed Cases in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in Nigeria
Authors: Akpa Philip O. , Kwaghe Barka V. , Ibeanu Christiana Nwanneka , Onota Pricilla Ometere 
Published: June 2021

Aims: This study aims to document the age, sex and site distribution of fibrous dysplasia in our tertiary health care facility in order to compare our findings with published literature.
Study Design: This is a hospital-based retrospective and descriptive study extending from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2019.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State in North-Central Nigeria between 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2019.
Materials and Methods: Materials consisted of Archival slides, paraffin wax tissue blocks, surgical pathology register and case files of all cases of fibrous dysplasia diagnosed histologically during the period of review. The age, sex and site affected by the tumour were documented for each case using both electronic and hard copy records. The histology slides were examined to confirm the diagnosis. A total of 165 primary bone tumours (103 benign and 63 malignant) were recorded during the period of review, of which 28 were fibrous dysplasia.
Results: There were 28 cases of fibrous dysplasia which represented 17% of the primary bone tumours and 27% of the benign bone tumours. A half (50%) of the cases occurred in the second decade and 82.1% of cases were diagnosed in craniofacial bones. There was no sex bias in diagnosis.
Conclusion: Fibrous dysplasia is a relatively common bone tumour in our environment. The sex distribution, age at diagnosis, and bones affected is in keeping with findings by authors from other parts of the world.