bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic markers for preeclampsia in Peruvian women
Authors: Pacheco-Romero José , Acosta Conchucos Oscar , Huerta Canales Doris , Cabrera Ramos Santiago , Vargas Chávez Marlene , Mascaro Sánchez Pedro , Huamán Guerrero Moisés , Sandoval Paredes José , López Gabriel Rudy , Mateus Julio , Gil Guevara Enrique , Guevara Ríos Enrique , Butrica Ferré Nitza , Catari Soto Diana , Bellido Yarlequé David , Custodio Gonzales Gina , Naranjo Andonaire Andrea 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Preeclampsia is a multiorgan disorder associated with maternal and perinatal morbi-mortality. In Peru, incidence is 10% and accounts for 22% of maternal deaths. Genome and genetic epidemiological studies have found an association between preeclampsia and genetic polymorphisms.

Objective:
To determine the association of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +936 C/T and +405 G/C, interleukine-6 (IL-6) -174 G/C, IL-1β-511 C/T, Apo A-1-75 G/A, Apo B-100 2488 C/T (Xbal) polymorphisms with preeclampsia in pregnant Peruvian women.

Methods:
Were included preeclamptic and healthy (control) pregnant women. Maternal blood samples were subjected to DNA extraction, and molecular genetic analysis was conducted using the PCR-RFLP technique and following a specific protocol for each gene. Allele and genotypic frequencies in the cases and controls were compared.

Results:
No association was found between the VEGF+936C/T and VEGF+405 polymorphisms and preeclampsia. The frequencies of the GG genotypes and the G allele of the -174 G/C polymorphism in the IL6 gene in preeclamptic and controls showed significant differences, with higher frequencies in cases. For the -511 C/T polymorphism of the IL-1β gene, no significant differences were found in the frequencies of TT genotypes compared with CT+CC. The genotypes and alleles of the Apo-A1-75 G/A and Apo-B100 Xbal variants showed no significant differences between cases and controls.

Conclusion:
No association was found between the studied genetic markers and preeclampsia. However, in the -174G/C polymorphism of the IL-6 gene, significant differences were found mainly in the GG genotype and G allele.
Early-onset Cardiotoxicity assessment related to anthracycline in children with leukemia. A Prospective Study
Authors: Linares Ballesteros Adriana , Sanguino Lobo Roy , Villada Valencia Juan Camilo , Arévalo Leal Oscar , Plazas Hernández Diana Constanza , Aponte Barrios Nelson , Perdomo Ramírez Iván 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Acute leukemias are the most frequent malignancies in children. Advances in treatment have improved the overall survival to 80%. Almost 10% of children with cancer develop clinical cardiac toxicity. Total anthracycline cumulative dose is a risk factor for early-onset cardiotoxicity.

Objective:
To describe the incidence of early-onset cardiotoxicity in children with acute leukemia treated with chemotherapy.

Methods:
A prospective descriptive study of patients >1 y and <18 years diagnosed with acute leukemia. Assessed with electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and blood biomarkers at diagnosis and during the follow-up.

Results:
94 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 18 with acute myeloid leukemia were included. 20 patients (17.9%) developed early-onset cardiotoxicity. Statistically significant data was seen after anthracycline dose >150 mg/m2, between the first echocardiographic evaluation and posterior analyses in the left ventricular fraction ejection with Teicholz p 0.05, Simpson p 0.018 and GLS p 0.004. In this study, there was no relation between blood biomarkers and cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions:
Cancer therapeutic-related cardiac dysfunction is related to anthracycline cumulative dose. In this study, echocardiographic follow-up was useful to predict risk factors for early cardiac dysfunction.
NIAT SISWA TINGKAT SMA/SMK SEDERAJAT SEBAGAI CALON WAJIB PAJAK UNTUK MEMATUHI KEWAJIBAN PERPAJAKAN
Authors: Wardani Dewi Kusuma , Primastiwi Anita , Ramadhan Sahrul 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengungkap apakah sosialisasi perpajakan kepada calon wajib pajak berpengaruh terhadap niat mereka untuk patuh pajak melalui pemahaman pajak. Data penelitian memakai data langsung/primer. Metode pengambilan sampelnya yakni convenience sampling. Tehnik analisis datanya adalah path analysis dengan sosialisasi perpajakan menjadi variabel bebas, niat patuh pajak menjadi variabel terikat, dan pemahaman pajak menjadi variabel intervening. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan kalau sosialisasi perpajakan memiliki pengaruh yang positif pada pemahaman pajak dan niat patuh pajak, pemahaman pajak juga mempunyai pengaruh yang positif pada niat patuh pajak, serta sosialisasi perpajakan juga memiliki pengaruh yang positif pada niat patuh pajak lewat pemahaman pajak.Kata Kunci : Sosialisasi Perpajakan; Pemahaman Pajak; Niat Patuh Pajak; Calon Wajib Pajak
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING ABILITY IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT THROUGH CLUSTERING TECHNIQUE AT TENTH GRADE of MA MA’ARIF ROUDHOTUT THOLIBIN METRO
Authors: Suryani Desi Dwi , Apriliani Anindya Muhti 
Published: April 2021

The objective of this research was to improve the students’ writing ability in descriptive text through clustering technique at the tenth grade of MA Ma’arif Roudhotut Tholibin Metro in academic year 2018/2019. This research was conducted at tenth grade in second semester at MA Ma’arif Roudhotut Tholibin Metro in academic year 2017/2018. The design of this research was classroom action research (CAR). This research was applied collaborative action research, this research was done in two cycle. It is done with; planning, acting, observation and reflecting. In collecting data, the writer uses; test,observation and questionnaire. the application of the clustering technique could improve the students’ writing ability in descriptive text. Based on the results of the observation obtained the students more understanding to make descriptive sentences, and make the descriptive sentences into a descriptive text. The activity make the student become interested to describe the pictures or object, students more active and more anthusiasm in the writing learning process. Then, in Cycle 1 students passed is 15 (60%). In cycle 2 students passes the KKM (80%). Was improved 20% in cycle 2. By this number, the researcher concludes that the minimum target of success, that is 70% of the students in a class, has been achieved in cycle 2, and from the third data we can conclude it was prove that clustering technique can positively improve the students’ writing ability in descriptive text at tenth grade of MA Ma’arif Roudhotut Tholibin Metro in academic year of 2018/2019

Keyword : Improve Student’s Writing, Descriptive Text, Clustering technique.
Design, fabrication and evaluation of clotrimazole loaded polymeric microsphere based in situ ophthalmic gel
Authors: Manish Kumar Gupta  , Vipul Sansare  , Birendra Shrivastava  , Santosh Jadhav  
Published: April 2021

The present study was started with aim to design clotrimazole loaded polymeric microsphere based in situ ophthalmic gel for management of corneal fungal infections. The clotrimazole loaded microsphere was fabricated using various percentage of polylactide-co-glycolide polymer by solvent evaporation technique and evaluated for particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. The polyvinyl alcohol was used as stabilizer. The formulation batch which showed good particle size and entrapment efficiency was selected for further study. The in situ ophthalmic gel of optimized drug loaded microsphere was formulated using various ratios of sodium alginate and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose. The formulated gel was evaluated with respect to pH, in vitro gelling capacity, clarity, viscosity, in vitro antifungal activity and in vitro transcorneal permeation behavior. The fabricated drug loaded microspheres revealed acceptable particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. The prepared in situ gels were clear and exhibited acceptable pH, rheological properties and in vitro gelation. The drug loaded microsphere based gel revealed superior in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger than conventional formulation and sufficient drug permeation across goat cornea. Thus, formulated clotrimazole loaded microsphere based in situ gel based systems can be a promising approach for sustained ophthalmic delivery of antifungal agents.
Potential effects of incretin-based therapies on polycystic ovary syndrome in rats: a comparative study of linagliptin versus liraglutide
Authors: Hanan Abdelmoneam Shamardl  , Hala Fawzy Kamel  , Asmaa Mohamed Elsayed  , Hiba Saeed Al-Amodi  , Sahar Mohy El-Ashmony  
Published: April 2021

Low glucagon like peptide1 (GLP-1) level may contribute to the metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, prospective therapeutic effects of incretin-based drugs; linagliptin versus liraglutide were investigated on letrozole induced PCOS rats. Animals were divided into five groups (control, PCOS, linagliptin, liraglutide and combined). Letrozole was administered for seven weeks (1mg/kg/day,orally). Linagliptin (3mg/kg/day,orally), liraglutide (1.2mg/kg/day,sc) and combined drugs were given for 4 weeks. Measurements of anthropometric, hemodynamics, blood glucose indices, HOMA-IR, serum lipids, TNF-α, NF-kB, and sex hormones were estimated. Antioxidant activities alongside immunohistochemical (PCNA) studies were assessed. The present results proved that both drugs significantly ameliorated most of anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, hormonal, inflammatory and antioxidant indices. Obvious histological improvement was obtained by linagliptin and combined therapy while being questionable by liraglutide . In conclusion, linagliptin caused evident ovarian histological advance rather than liraglutide. Linagliptin may represent a promise in alleviating metabolic, hormonal and unique beneficial histologic effects of PCOS.
New Approach for Administration of Doxazosin Mesylate: Comparative Study between Liquid and Solid Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Al Zahraa G. Al Ashmawy  , Noura G. Eissa  , Gehan F. Balata  , Hanan M. El Nahas  
Published: April 2021

Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) in both liquid and solid forms were suggested to improve water solubility of Doxazosin mesylate (DOX) a poorly water- soluble antihypertensive drug. Oleic acid: Smix (1:9 w/w) and Tween 80: co-surfactant mixture (Ethanol and PEG 400) (1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) were chosen to prepare a liquid and solid forms of SNEDDS according to their solubility. TEM images revealed change in the crystalline nature of DOX into uniform particles with smooth surface. Characterization studies revealed droplet size ranges from 79.80±14.39 to 273.10±4.17 nm, zeta potential ranges from -5.57±0.10 to -21.13±0.46 mV and dissolution enhancement of more than two folds with more favorable properties for the solid forms. FTIR demonstrated significant physical changes in DOX crystalline structure. In conclusion, the solid SNEDDS containing oleic acid: Smix (1:9 w/w) and Tween 80: co-surfactant mixture (3:1 w/w) and adsorbent mixture of Avicel 101 and Aerosil 200 (40:1 w/w) might be a promising formula for better management of hypertension with expected shelf stability.
Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi (Benchmarking): Türkiye ve İspanya Örneği
Authors: KARA Fırat , ÖZTÜRK İlkay 
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı karşılaştırmalı sağlık sistemi yönteminden yararlanarak Türkiye ve
İspanya’nın birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin kıyaslanmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma yöntemi olarak betimsel kıyaslamalara dayalı karşılaştırmalı analiz
yapılmıştır. Gösterge olarak seçilen Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün (WHO) belirlediği gösterge kriterlerine
göre yıllar bazında kıyaslama yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonuçları İspanya’nın ulusal sağlık sistemine sahip olduğu ve birinci basamak
sağlık hizmetlerinin finansmanının vergilerle sağlandığı, birinci basamak sağlık harcamalarının toplam
sağlık harcamaları içinde yüksek bir paya sahip olduğu, uzman hekimlere ulaşabilmek için aile hekimi
tarafından sevk zincirinin etkin olduğu, Türkiye’nin ise sağlık hizmetlerinin finansmanının primlerle
sağlandığı, uzman hekimlere ulaşabilmek için aile hekimi tarafından sevk zincirinin zorunlu olmadığı
görülmüştür. WHO’nun sağlık göstergelerine göre ise İspanya’nın temel sağlık hizmet çıktılarının
çoğunlukla ülkemizden daha olumlu olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç: İnsan sağlığını etkileyen binlerce faktör olduğunu göz önüne aldığımızda, toplumların sağlık
düzeyini yükseltebilmek için sadece sağlık hizmetlerine odaklanılıp sağlıklı yaşam koşullarını yaratan
sağlığın sosyal determinantlarına yeterince eğilmemek istenilen gayeye ulaşılamamasına neden
olmaktadır. Temel sağlık hizmetlerinin çıktılarının geliştirilebilmesi için sektörler arası işbirliği, sağlık
çalışanlarının performans kriterlerinin İspanya gibi gelişmiş sağlık sistemi bulunan ülkelerden esinlenerek
güncellenmesi gerekmektedir. Aynı zamanda sağlık sisteminin etkili, verimli ve etkin hizmet sunabilmesi
için sevk zincirinin sağlanmasının yanı sıra ülke içerisinde hizmetlerin hakkaniyetli dağılmasına özen
gösterilmelidir.
DETERIORO COGNITIVO Y SU INFLUENCIA EN LAS ACTIVIDADES BÁSICAS DE LA VIDA DIARIA DEL ADULTO MAYOR.
Authors: Rivera-Ruiz Julio , Zambrano Villalba Carmen Graciela 
Published: April 2021

En el desarrollo de esta investigación se estudió el deterioro cognitivo de los adultos mayores, siendo la principal afectación en el avance evolutivo que muchos de los mismos padecen. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar de qué manera influye el deterioro cognitivo en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria de los adultos mayores, buscando analizar la correlación que propicia dicha problemática en las acciones comportamentales de tales sujetos. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 100 participantes que fluctuaron entre los 65 a 80 años de edad, los mismos que accedieron a participar en el desarrollo de este proyecto. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el test de Escala Mini Mental State Examination MMSE de Creavin, Wisniewski y Thom, el cual sirvió para detectar el deterioro cognitivo mediante el ejercicio de pregunta-respuesta; el segundo instrumento fue el test de Evaluación de Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria con el Índice de Katz Modificado por la Organización Panamericana de Salud el cual se trata de una escala de preguntas, cuyos grados reflejan niveles de conducta en seis funciones. Los datos fueron analizados de forma descriptiva y analítica. Entre las conclusiones con mayor preeminencia, se halla que, a mayor deterioro cognitivo mayor afectación en la funcionalidad de los sujetos de estudio.

Abstract
In the development of this research, the cognitive deterioration of the elderly was studied, being the main affectation in the evolutionary advance that many of them suffer. The objective of the study was to determine how cognitive impairment influences the basic activities of daily life of older adults, seeking to analyze the correlation that causes this problem in the behavioral actions of such subjects. The study sample consists of 100 participants ranging from 65 to 80 years of age, who agreed to participate in the development of this project. For the data collection, the Mini Mental State Examination Scale MMSE test of Craven, Wisniewski and Thom was used, which served to detect the cognitive deterioration by means of the question-answer exercise; The second instrument was the Evaluation of Basic Activities of Daily Life test with the Katz Index Modified by the Pan American Health Organization, which is a scale of questions, whose grades reflect levels of behavior in six functions. The data was analyzed in a descriptive and analytical manner. Among the conclusions with greater pre-eminence, it is found that, the greater the cognitive impairment, the greater the effect on the functionality of the study subjects
NIVEL DE SATISFACCIÓN DE PADRES EN LA INTEGRACIÓN DE ESTUDIANTES CON NECESIDADES EDUCATIVAS ESPECIALES PERMANENTES.
Authors: Ahumada-Contreras Paola Andrea , Cisternas-Torres Tatiana 
Published: April 2021

El propósito de esta investigación es determinar el nivel de satisfacción de padres, madres y/o apoderados sobre el proceso de formación y atención de los estudiantes con “necesidades educativas especiales permanentes”, integrados en 18 escuelas básicas municipales vulnerables de la ciudad de Arica. La muestra estuvo comprendida por 120 padres, madres y o apoderados de los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales permanentes. Se realizó un estudio exhaustivo de las cuatro dimensiones de gestión fundamentales en las direcciones de establecimientos educacionales: Gestión Institucional de la Integración, Gestión Política y Normativa Vigente, Gestión Intra-aula y Gestión de Resultados. En el presente estudio fue adaptado de un instrumento de Autoevaluación de Centros Escolares para una Gestión de Calidad en México del año 2004. La encuesta consta de 52 enunciados, con una escala de valoración en la cual el 5 corresponde al valor más alto o positivo, el 1 al valor más bajo o negativo y la inclusión de un valor 0 relativo al desconocimiento de lo que se pregunta. Los resultados generales de esta investigación tienen bastantes aristas respecto a la gestión en integrar a los estudiantes y si existe efectivamente un nivel de 84,2 % de satisfacción de padres y madres y/o apoderados.

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine the level of satisfaction of parents, and / or parents over the process of training and care of students with "permanent special educational needs", integrated into 18 vulnerable municipal basic schools in the city of Arica. The sample was comprised of 120 parents, mothers and guardians of students with permanent special educational needs. An exhaustive study of the four main management dimensions in the management of educational establishments was carried out: Institutional Management of Integration, Political Management and Current Regulation, Intra-classroom Management and Results Management. In the present study, it was adapted from an Instrument for Self-evaluation of School Centers for Quality Management in Mexico in 2004. The survey consists of 52 statements, with a rating scale in which 5 corresponds to the highest or positive value, 1 to the lowest or negative value and the inclusion of a value 0 relative to the ignorance of what is being asked. The general results of this research have quite a few edges regarding the management in integrating students and if there is a level of 84,2 % satisfaction of parents and / or parents.
Pencarian Rute yang Handal Berbasis Energi Menggunakan Algoritma EA-SHORT pada Protokol Routing ZRP di Jaringan MANET
Authors: Rosiana Mila , Jatmika Andy Hidayat , Zubaidi Ariyan 
Published: April 2021

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) adalah jaringan wireless dari kumpulan node yang tidak memiliki router tetap. Setiap node dalam jaringan bertindak sebagai router yang bertanggung jawab untuk menemukan dan menangani rute antar node. Dalam penelitian ini, konsep energy aware menggunakan algoritma EA-SHORT diterapkan pada kerangka kerja Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP). EA-SHORT mencoba mendistribusikan beban jaringan ke semua node yang ada dengan memanfaatkan variasi jumlah energi dengan memilih node yang memiliki cukup energi yang dapat berpartisipasi dalam rute dan menghindari node yang memiliki energi rendah. Kinerja ZRP akan dibandingkan dengan EA-SHORT ZRP yang telah dimodifikasi dengan EA-SHORT yang diukur dari nilai parameter yang ditentukan. Dari simulasi, hasilnya menunjukkan, pada node 50, throughput meningkat sebesar 12,374%. Untuk 100 node, peningkatan sebesar 44.597%. Pada rata-rata average end to end delay , dengan 50 node, nilai EA-SHORT ZRP menurun sebesar 20.063%, 100 node EA-SHORT ZRP menurun sebesar 8.375%. Hasil PDR pada EA-SHORT ZRP dengan 50 node meningkat 0,545%, dan untuk EA-SHORT ZRP 100 node meningkat sebesar 21,301%
Pengenalan Pola Tulisan Tangan Aksara Arab Menggunakan Ekstraksi Fitur Discrete Cosine Transform Dan Klasifikasi Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Bawazir Farhan Yakub 
Published: April 2021

Arabic is a language that is spoken as the first or native language of more than 280 million people, most of whom live in the Middle East and North Africa. Apart from the Middle East and North Africa, Arabic is also familiar and often used in Indonesia because of the majority of Indonesia's population is Muslim and Arabic is the language of worship in Islam. The recognition of Arabic handwritten letters is one of the studies that has been done before, where the accuracy results obtained vary according to the research and methods used. This study aims to determine the accuracy resulting from the recognition of Arabic script handwriting patterns using a combination of the DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform) feature extraction method and the ANN Backpropagation classification method. The data used for this study were data from handwritten sources on A4 HVS paper using markers with categories of age from 7-13 years old and 18-23 years old with 15 respondents in each group and a total dataset image of 8400. Testing the best model model obtained on all images produces an accuracy of 80.79%, using the images of age range 17-23 years produces 87.27% accuracy, and the images of age range 7-13 produces an accuracy of 72.84%.
Keywords: pengenalan pola, tulisan tangan, aksara, DCT, backpropagation
Autologous rectus sheath sling for treatment of vault prolapse after hysterectomy.
Authors: Ali Syeda , Rao Shahid , Khakwani Mehnaz , Yasmin Saima , Siddiq Shazia , Mustafa Saima 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Determine the duration and post-operative complications of surgery in patients who underwent rectus sheath sling for correction of vault prolapse. We started doing this novel technique and found it very safe with least side effects so wanted to study it. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Nishtar Hospital Multan Pakistan. Period: July 2016 to June 2018. Material & Methods: Patients were applied autologous sling of rectus sheath at Nishtar Hospital Multan and were followed for 2 years. Patients with diabetes mellitus and any other chronic disease were excluded. Patients who had previous surgery for vault prolapse were also excluded from the study. Data were recorded and analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 23.0, percentages are given for previous surgery duration (how long before the previous surgery was done), duration of current surgery, post-operative fever, post -operative urinary tract infection(UTI), duration of stay in the hospital after surgery, parenteral analgesia requirement. Parameters were tested using Pearson Chi Square test with type of previous surgery. Results: The total number of patients in the study were 19.The mean age of the patients was 59.7 years (SD = ±9.7) and mean weight was 59.4kg (SD = ±12.5). The duration of surgery was less than 1 hour in 84 % of patients. Same percentage had less than 36 hours requirement of post- operative parenteral analgesia and thus less than 2 days of post-operative stay in hospital. Postoperatively 31.6 % had fever, 26.3% had Urinary tract infection. On 2 years follow-up of this surgery, no patient had any recurrence of vault prolapse and 85.7% showed no coital difficulty. Conclusion: This surgical procedure is a simple, time saving method with less complications and is best suited for low resource countries like Pakistan.