bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of A Community-Led Web-Based HIV Self-Testing Demonstration Among Cisgender Men Who have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in the Philippines During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Eustaquio Patrick C. , Figuracion Roberto , Izumi Kiyohiko , Morin Mary Joy , Samaco Kenneth , Flores Sarah May , Brink Anne , Diones Mona Liza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

The Philippines, experiencing the fastest rising HIV epidemic globally, has limited options of HIV testing that its uptake remains low among cisgender men who have sex with men (cis-MSM) and transgender women (TGW), especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic. As HIV self-testing (HIVST) and web-based approaches could synergize efforts to expand its uptake, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes of a community-led web-based HIVST demonstration and to explore factors associated with HIVST-related behaviours and outcomes.
Methods

We did a secondary data analysis of routinely collected data in a community-led web-based HIVST demonstration among cis-MSM and TGW in Western Visayas, Philippines. We reviewed data on demographics, sexuality-, and context-related variables and explored associations with opting directly-assisted HIVST (DAH) and willingness to distribute, using multivariable logistic regression.
Results

HIVST kits were distributed to 706 individuals (648 cis-MSM, 58 TGW), 52.1% were first-time testers, 12.5% opted DAH, and 48.2% were willing to distribute. Reporting rate was high (97.5%) with 8.4% reactivity rate. While linkage to prevention (100%) and care (87.9%) were high, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (0.3%) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) (60.4%) initiation were limited. There were no reports of adverse events. Those who opted for DAH, not willing to distribute, employed, and those who recently had anal intercourse had significantly higher proportions of testing reactive. Those who opted web-based approaches (adjusted odds ratio, aOR=0.28 [confidence interval, CI 0.14-0.57]) were less likely to opt DAH. Those living in urban areas (aOR=1.60 [CI 1.13-2.26]) and with no history of HIV test (aOR=0.45 [CI 0.32-0.61]) were associated with lower likelihood of secondary distribution than their counterparts. Maximal quarantine restrictions were associated with higher likelihood of DAH (aOR = 4.07 [CI 2.42-6.90]) and willingness to distribute (aOR=3.51 [CI 2.45-5.07]) relative to minimal restrictions.
Conclusions

HIVST could reach those who were never tested for HIV. While there is demand in accessing unassisted and web-based approaches, DAH should still be offered. Uptake of PrEP and same-day ART should be upscaled by decentralizing these services to community-based organizations. Differentiated service delivery is key to respond to preferences and values of key populations amid the dynamic geographical and sociocultural contexts they are in.
Modelling Wetland Eco-hydrological state in Pressure-State-Response framework validating it using Ecosystem service potentiality approach
Authors: Singha Pankaj , Pal Swades 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The present study has tried to model the Eco-hydrological state of wetlands for both pre dam and post dam periods of the Lower Tangon river basin using Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework with advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms and validated it with Ecosystem service potentiality (ESP) approach along with conventional approaches of validation. All the applied models have explored that 22.48–39.52% wetland under very good EHS zone has converted into 15.52–16.57% relatively lower category of EHS zones indicating the gradual degradation of EHS quality over wider parts of the wetland. The result of model validation has noted the acceptability of all the applied models but performance is found high in the case of REPtree and Bagging models. Expert-based ESP behaves accordingly with the EHS models. Based on the results, the study suggests using ML models for such modelling and used field-based validation approach like ESP.
Genome-wide Identification, Characterization, and Function Analysis Uncovered Roles of Wheat TaLIM in Responding to Adverse Stress and TaLIM8-4D Function as a Susceptible Gene
Authors: Li Yiting , Liu Xi , Xiao Yongxin , Wen Yong , Han Xiaowen , Han Shuo , Yang Lijun , Zhu Yongxing , Yin Junliang , Liu Yiqing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The LIM (Lin-11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 domains) transcription factors play essential roles in regulating plant biological processes, including cytoskeletal organization, development of secondary cell wall, and cell differentiation. Despite their important roles, there lacks a fully understanding of LIMs in wheat.Results: In this study, 28 TaLIMs (Triticum aestivum LIM) were identified and designated as TaLIM1-1A to TaLIM12-7D. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that TaLIMs could be divided into two groups (Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ), and the exon/intron structure analysis suggested that members in the same group have similar gene structure. Chromosome mapping showed that 28 TaLIMs were unevenly distributed on 18 chromosomes. Motif analysis revealed that 28 TaLIMs contained 15 motifs, of which motif1 (LIM-domain) was detected in all TaLIMs. Protein characterization indicated that TaLIMs were hydrophilic proteins and most of them were unstable. They were mainly comprised by α-helix and β-turn and without signal peptides. Duplication, Ka/Ks, and synthesis analyses suggested that polyploidization played fundamental role in the expansion of TaLIM members. Function annotations indicated that all TaLIMs were annotated under GO terms “zinc ion binding” (GO:0008270). The cis-regulatory element analysis showed that TaLIMs were rich in elements related to biological/abiotic stress, growth and development, and phytohormone response. RNA-seq data analysis showed certain members of TaLIMs were responsive to biotic and/or abiotic stresses. Such as TaLIM1-1A, TaLIM3-2B, TaLIM8-4D, and TaLIM10-5D were significantly induced by heat, drought, NaCl, ABA and Fusarium graminearum stresses. The subcellular localization of TaLIM8-4D show that it was in the nucleus. Furthermore, the biological function of TaLIM8-4D was analyzed and results showed that it could induce weak cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf. Besides, overexpression of TaLIM8-4D could up-regulate plant pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, whereas promoted the infection of hemi-biotrophic pathogen, implying that TaLIM8-4D could function as susceptible gene in nucleus by up-regulating PR genes and inducing cell death to promote the colonization of hemi-biotrophic agent F. graminearum.Conclusion: The systematic identification, characterization, expression profiling, evolutionary, and function analyses provided us the fully understanding to TaLIMs and laid a foundation for the further function study of LIM family members in wheat.
Neuromedin U Induces Pulmonary Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation via NMUR1 Pathway During Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Authors: LIU Weiwei , Wang Si , Wang Jia , Zheng Rui , Wang Dalu , Yu Rui , Liu Beixing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background：The activated group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s) play a crucial role in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced airway inflammation by secreting large amount of type 2 cytokines. Although the classical activator IL-33 is the key factor for ILC2 activation, a regulatory effect of neurotransmitter-neuromedin U (NMU) has also been reported. However, whether and how NMU can be elicited by RSV infection and regulate pulmonary ILC2 activation remains unclear.Methods： The regulatory effect and underlying mechanisms of NMU on ILC2 activation were determined by using RSV-infected wild-type and NMU-knockout mice. The expression of NMU in the lungs and NMUR1 on ILC2s were measured by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to detect the proliferation and activation of ILC2s. The type of neurons secreting NMU and its possible secretion mechanism during RSV infection were also analyzed.Results：Acute RSV infection induced the production of NMU in the lungs of mice and up-regulate the expression of NMUR1 on the pulmonary ILC2s. In vivo administration of NMU exacerbated RSV-induced airway inflammation by promoting the proliferation and activation of pulmonary ILC2s via NMUR1 pathway. In this process, PI3K, MEK and NFAT signal proteins might be involved. Furthermore, pulmonary neurons responded to the stimulation of RSV and secreted NMU in TLR4 and TLR7-dependent manners.Conclusion：Our data suggest that NMU is an ILC2 activator other than the classical activator, revealing a novel effect of neurotransmitter on RSV-induced airway inflammation.
Colistin Sulfate for Decontamination of Preservation Fluid to Decrease Donor-derived Infections Caused by Multi-drug Resistant Gram-negative Pathogens
Authors: Sui Mingxing , Zheng Nanxin , Lu Hanlan , Li Yanhua , Zhao Wenyu , Zhang Lei , Zhu Youhua , Xu Da , Zeng Li 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Preservation fluid (PF) contamination, especially contamination with multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens, poses a high risk of donor-derived infections (DDIs) and severe clinical outcomes. We sought to determine whether the use of colistin sulfate to decontaminate PF in kidney transplantation can decrease probable DDIs (p-DDIs) caused by MDR Gram-negative pathogens.Methods: In a retrospective study of 916 recipients who received deceased donation, 864 PF samples were collected and cultured, and microbiological contaminants were recorded with the recipients’ clinical data and outcomes. From March 2016 to May 2019, 624 samples were decontaminated with ceftizoxime; from June 2019 to March 2021, colistin sulfate was administered for PF decontamination in 240 samples. Between-group comparisons were performed to assess the ability of the two decontamination regimens to decrease p-DDIs, especially MDR Gram-negative pathogen-related infections.Results: The overall PF contamination rate was 53.36% (461/864), and 80 samples had MDR Gram-negative pathogen contamination. All p-DDIs occurred in the ceftizoxime group (p<0.001), and 67.65% of p-DDIs were MDR Gram-negative pathogen-related. In the ceftizoxime group, 23 of 61 cases of MDR Gram-negative pathogen contamination led to related p-DDIs, while none occurred in the colistin sulfate group (p=0.002). Among these 23 patients with p-DDIs, 5 died of severe infections, and 2 experienced graft loss.Conclusions: The goal of decontamination should be decreasing MDR Gram-negative pathogen-related p-DDIs, and colistin sulfate could be an effective and feasible option.
Network Pharmacology and Experiment Verification to Explore the Potential Mechanism of Yin-Huo-Tang for Lung Adenocarcinoma Recurrence
Authors: Liu Dianna , Lin Shicheng , Li Yuan , Zhou Tian , Hu Kaiwen , Li Quanwang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common malignancies with a rise in new cases worldwide each year. Recurrence significantly influences the survival in patients with LUAD. Yin-Huo-Tang (YHT) is a classic traditional Chinese prescription, used to prevent lung cancer relapse by “nourishing yin and clearing heat”. MethodsIn this study, the mechanism of YHT in LUAD recurrence was investigated. Firstly, the bioactive compounds-targets network and the protein–protein interaction network were constructed, and functional annotation and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Pivotal compounds and hub genes were selected from the networks. Subsequently, the effectiveness of YHT was confirmed in lewis lung carcinoma mice. RNA sequencing was used to explore the mRNA expression differences between tumor tissues in the model mouses and YHT-treated mouses. The pathways screened by network pharmacology and RNA sequencing analysis at the same time were considered the most important pathways. At last, qualitative phytochemical analysis, molecular docking technology, PCR and WB analysis were used to validate the pivotal active ingredients, hub genes and main pathways.ResultsThere were 128 active compounds, 419 targets interacting with LUAD recurrence. Network analysis identified 4 pivotal compounds, 28 hub genes and 30 main pathways. Target genes mainly focused on inflammation, metabolism, immune responses and apoptosis. We confirmed that YHT could inhibit the recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma through animal experimental study. Sphingolipid signaling pathway was the common main pathway in network pharmacology and RNA sequencing results. The hub genes related with the sphingolipid signaling pathway was S1PR5. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the water extract of YHT confirmed the presence of 3 pivotal compounds, namely stigmasterol, nootkatone and ergotamine. The results of molecular docking verified the pivotal compounds of YHT could good affinity with the S1PR5. The PCR and WB analysis verified YHT suppressed lewis lung cancer cells proliferation by inhibiting S1P/S1PR5/Gi/Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and inhibited migration through S1P/S1PR5/Gi/PI3K/RAC pathway.Conclusion﻿The results confirmed the therapeutic effect of YHT on the recurrence of LUAD by multi-component-multi-target mode, the sphingolipid signaling pathway was one of the most relevant potential signaling pathways.
Hydrogen Phosphate Selectively Induces MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Death in vitro
Authors: Shanti Aya , Adem Kenana Al , Stefanini Cesare , Lee Sungmun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Phosphate ions are the most abundant anions inside the cells, and they are increasingly gaining attention as key modulators of cellular function and gene expression. However, little is known about the effect of inorganic phosphate ions on cancer cells, particularly breast cancer cells. Here, we investigated the toxicity of different phosphate compounds to triple-negative human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and compared it to that of human monocytes (THP-1). We found that, unlike dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−), hydrogen phosphate (HPO42−) at 20 mM or lower concentrations induced breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell death more than immune (THP-1) cell death. We correlate this effect to the fact that phosphate in the form of HPO42− raises pH levels to alkaline levels which are not optimum for transport of phosphate into cancer cells. The results in this study highlight the importance of further exploring hydrogen phosphate (HPO42−) as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of breast cancer.
Volume Dependence of Hydrogen Sorption and Desorption Diffusion in Cylindrical Polymers
Authors: Jung Jae Kap , Kim Kyu-Tae , Baek Un Bong , Nahm Seung Hoon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We have investigated the volume effects on hydrogen diffusion properties in both sorption and desorption processes by employing a volumetric analysis technique. The total uptake (𝐶∞), total desorbed content (𝐶0), sorption diffusion coefficient (Ds), desorption diffusion coefficient (Dd), sorption and desorption equilibrium time of hydrogen in two rubbery polymers are determined relative to the diameter and thickness of the cylindrical sample in the two processes. 𝐶∞ and 𝐶0 do not demonstrate the appreciable volume dependence for all rubbers. The identical values in 𝐶∞ and 𝐶0 indicate the reversibility between sorption and desorption, which is interpreted by the occurrence of physisorption rather than chemisorption by introducing hydrogen molecules. The larger Dd values in the desorption process than Ds may be attributed to increased amorphous phase and volume swelling caused by increased hydrogen voids and polymer chain scission after decompression. The time to reach equilibrium in both sorption and desorption processes was found to be linearly proportional to the square of thickness above an aspect ratio of 3.7, which is consistent with the numerical simulations based on the solution of Fick’s law. This finding could be used to predict the equilibrium adsorption time depending on the sample size in the polymer.
Synthesis and Characterization of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Supported Tris(Hydroxymethyl)Aminomethanem) G-C3N4/ THAM) as Novel Catalyst for the Synthesis of Poly Hydroquinoline and Pyranopyrazole Derivatives
Authors: jamnani Mohammad taghi bagherian , Hajinasiri Rahimeh , Ghafuri Hossein , Hossaini Zinatossadat 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Here, an impressive heterogeneous catalytic system, graphitic carbon nitride supported tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethanem) g-C3N4/ THAM) is presented. The novel g-C3N4/ THAM nanocatalysts was characterized by analyzing methods such as FT-IR, EDX, XRD, TGA, and FESEM. Afterward, the performance of fabricated nanocatalyst g-C3N4/ THAM was suitably investigated in multicomponent reactions (MCRs) for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine and pyranopyrazole derivatives. By optimizing reported nanocatalyst, the corresponding reaction products were obtained with excellent efficiency and then the reversibility process was exanimated. The g-C3N4/ THAM nanocatalyst is environmentally friendly and was catalyzed the reactions in the presence of ethanol as a green solvent.
Utilizing Inter-Subject Variability to Assess Performance and Brain Activity During Complex Task Learning
Authors: Reddy Pratusha , Shewokis Patricia A , Izzetoglu Kurtulus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
With tasks becoming more mentally focused and operators being required to conduct multiple tasks simultaneously, it is important to not only acquire direct measurements from the brain, but also account for changes in performance and brain activity as a function of intersubject variability and task demands. Such methodology is particularly important when evaluating skill acquisition and transfer during training on a complex and ecologically valid task. To evaluate the aforementioned factors, we implemented a search and surveillance task (scanning an assigned area and identifying targets) using a high-fidelity Unmanned Aerial System operator training simulator, acquired brain activity changes via a portable functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) sensor array, and had novice participants (N = 13) undergo three sessions of easy difficulty followed by two harder difficulty sessions. Behavioral performance results indicated no significant change in scan or target find performance across easy sessions when intersubject variability was not accounted for. However, accounting for intersubject variability indicated that some individuals improved their scan performance, and they deteriorated their target find performance (Attention-focused group), while others deteriorated their scan performance, and they improved their target find performance (Accuracy-focused group). fNIRS results displayed that both groups exhibited a decrease in brain activity across easy sessions within the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC) and right anterior medial PFC (RAMPFC), while activity in left anterior medial prefrontal cortex (LAMPFC) increased in the Attention-focused group and decreased in the Accuracy-focused group. In both groups, transitioning to hard sessions resulted in a decrease in performance. The Attention-focused group displayed an increase in brain activity within LDLPFC, RAMPFC and LAMPFC, while the Accuracy-focused group displayed an increase in brain activity within LDLPFC, no change within RAMPFC and a decrease within LAMPFC. These results suggest that the Attention-focused group was able to acquire and transfer the skills needed to efficiently complete the scan task, while remaining engaged in a target find task. Alternatively, the Accuracy-focused group was engaged only on acquiring the skills needed to efficiently complete the target find task. In conclusion, these results suggest that utilizing intersubject variability as relevant information rather than noise improves assessments of skill acquisition and transfer during training on a complex task.
Cellular and Molecular Genetic Analysis of 1980 Male Infertility Patients
Authors: Fu Meimei , Chen Meihuan , Guo Nan , Lin Min , Li Ying , Huang Hailong , Cai Meiying , Xu Lingpu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The aims of this study were to investigate the distribution of chromosome karyotype abnormality and azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletion on Y chromosome in male infertility patients and its effect on infertility. Further, the study aimed to guide fertility in patients. Methods A total of 1980 azoospermic and oligoospermic male infertility patients were selected from the male outpatient department of our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019. Peripheral blood was collected from the patients for karyotype analysis. Further, AZF microdeletion analysis on Y chromosome was performed by capillary electrophoresis. Results Among the patients of male infertility, 178 had chromosomal abnormality (8.99%, 178/1980). Among them, 98 had an abnormal chromosome number. Among the 98 patients, 47, XXY was the most common (80 cases), accounting for 44.99 % (80/178) of abnormal karyotypes. There were 211 cases of AZF microdeletion on Y chromosome, with a total deletion rate of 10.66% (211/1980). The most common type was AZFb/c deletion (sY1192 140 cases), accounting for 66.3 % (140/211). Conclusion Karyotype abnormality and AZF gene microdeletion are important causes of male infertility. Men with Yqh-, del(Y) (q11) have a higher risk of AZF microdeletion. Infertility patients should routinely undergo cell and molecular genetic tests to guide patient fertility.
Reducing Thoracic and Lumbar Radiographs in an Urban Emergency Department Through a Clinical Champion Led Quality Improvement Intervention
Authors: Sapadin Joshua , Campbell Linelle , Bajaj Komal , Moskovitz Joshua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Low back pain is a common emergency department (ED) complaint that does not always necessitate imaging. Unnecessary imaging drives medical overuse with potential to harm patients. Quality improvement (QI) interventions have shown to be an effective solution. The purpose of this QI intervention was to increase the percentage of appropriately ordered radiographs for low back pain while reducing the absolute number. Methods: A multi-component intervention led by a clinician champion including staff education, patient education, electronic medical record modification, audit and peer-feedback, and clinical decision support tools was implemented at an urban public hospital Emergency Department. In addition to the total number ordered, Choosing Wisely and American College of Radiology recommendations were used to assess appropriateness of all ED thoracic and lumbar conventional radiographs by chart review over eight months. Results: The percent of appropriately ordered radiographs increased from 5.8% to 53.9% and the monthly number of radiographs ordered decreased from 86 to 47 over the eight-month initiative. There were no compensatory increases in thoracic or lumbar computed tomography (CT) scans during this time frameConclusion: A multi-component QI intervention led by a clinician champion is an effective way to reduce the overutilization of thoracic and lumbar radiographs in an urban public hospital emergency department.