bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KHDRBS3 promotes multi‐drug resistance and anchorage‐independent growth in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ukai Shoichi , Sakamoto Naoya , Taniyama Daiki , Harada Kenji , Honma Ririno , Maruyama Ryota , Naka Kazuhito , Hinoi Takao , Takakura Yuji , Shimizu Wataru , Ohdan Hideki , Yasui Wataru 
Published: January 2021

Abstract5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is one of the most frequently used pharmacological agents in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Resistance to chemotherapy is a major cause of treatment failure of CRC, and it is a well known fact that cancer stem cells play a significant role in the acquisition of drug resistance. In this study, we focused on the KHDRBS3 gene that encodes KH RNA Binding Domain Containing, Signal Transduction Associated 3. We first clarified the relationship between KHDRBS3 and 5‐FU resistance. We then observed higher expression levels of KHDRBS3 in KRAS‐mutant organoids and cell lines in comparison with KRAS wild‐type organoids and cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis using CRC cases revealed that the prognosis of KHDRBS3‐positive patients was significantly worse compared with that of KHDRBS3‐negative patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses showed that KHDRBS3 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with CRC. We determined that KHDRBS3 might play a crucial role in the acquisition of stem cell properties, such as drug resistance and spheroid/organoid formation, by regulating CD44 variant expression and the Wnt signaling pathway. In an immunodeficient mouse model, KHDRBS3‐positive cells showed efficient tumor formation and formed metastatic lesions in the lungs. These results indicated that KHDRBS3 plays a crucial role in drug resistance and anchorage‐independent growth by maintaining stem cell‐like features in CRC cells. KHDRBS3 could be a promising candidate marker for predicting chemotherapeutic effect and prognosis in CRC patients.
Assessment of soft and hard tissue dimensions following different treatment approaches of ligature‐induced peri‐implantitis defects
Authors: Ramanauskaite Ausra , Obreja Karina , Sader Robert , Becker Jürgen , Schwarz Frank 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate peri‐implant tissue dimensions following nonsurgical (NS) and surgical therapy (S) employing different decontamination protocols of advanced ligature‐induced peri‐implantitis in dogs.Material & MethodsPeri‐implantitis defects (n = 5 dogs,n = 30 implants) were randomly and equally allocated in a split‐mouth design to NS or S treatment using either an Er:YAG laser (ERL), an ultrasonic device (VUS), or plastic curettes + local application of metronidazole gel (PCM), respectively. Horizontal bone thickness (hBT) and soft tissue thickness (hMT) were measured at different reference points: (v0) at the marginal portion of the peri‐implant mucosa (PM); (v1) at 50% of the distance from PM to bone crest (BC); (v2) at the BC; (v3) at the most coronal extension of the bone‐to‐implant contact. Vertical peri‐implant tissue height was calculated from PM to BC.ResultsAll of the treatment groups showed a gradual hMT increase from v0 to the v2 reference point, followed by a reduction from v2 to the v3 region. The S‐VUS subgroup tended to be associated with higher hMT values at the v0 region than the NS‐VUS subgroup (0.44 mm versus 0.31 mm). PM‐BC distance varied from 2.22 to 2.83 mm in the NS group, and from 2.07 to 2.38 in the S group.ConclusionVertical and horizontal peri‐implant tissue dimensions were similar in different treatment groups.
The lost lizards of Christmas Island: A retrospective assessment of factors driving the collapse of a native reptile community
Authors: Emery Jon‐Paul , Mitchell Nicola J. , Cogger Harold , Agius Jessica , Andrew Paul , Arnall Sophie , Detto Tanya , Driscoll Don A. , Flakus Samantha , Green Peter , Harlow Peter , McFadden Michael , Pink Caitlyn , Retallick Kent , Rose Karrie , Sleeth Matthew , Tiernan Brendan , Valentine Leonie E. , Woinarski John Z. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUntil recently, the reptile fauna of Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean comprised five endemic species (two skinks, two geckos, and one snake) and one native, non‐endemic skink. Four of these species were common and widespread until at least 1979, but by 2012 had disappeared from the wild. During the years of decline, little research was undertaken to examine why the species were disappearing. Here, we use a retrospective expert elicitation to rank potential factors that contributed to the loss of Christmas Island's reptiles and to assess the likelihood of re‐establishing populations of two species now listed as Extinct in the Wild. We additionally considered why one endemic lizard, the Christmas Island giant gecko (Cyrtodactylus sadleiri), and three introduced lizards remain common. Experts considered that the introduced common wolf snake (Lycodon capucinus) was the most likely cause of decline, as its temporal and spatial spread across the island closely matched patterns of lizard disappearances. An Asian co‐occurrence in recent evolutionary timeframes of the common wolf snake with the Christmas Island giant gecko and three introduced reptiles was the most marked point of difference between the extant and lost lizard species. The demise in less than 20 years of 80% of Christmas Island's native lizard assemblage highlights the vulnerability of island fauna to invading species.
Association of British Clinical Diabetologists and Renal Association guidelines on the detection and management of diabetes post solid organ transplantation
Authors: Chowdhury Tahseen A. , Wahba Mona , Mallik Ritwika , Peracha Javeria , Patel Dipesh , De Parijat , Fogarty Damian , Frankel Andrew , Karalliedde Janaka , Mark Patrick B. , Montero Rosa M. , Pokrajac Ana , Zac‐Varghese Sagen , Bain Stephen C. , Dasgupta Indranil , Banerjee Debasish , Winocour Peter , Sharif Adnan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPost‐transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is common after solid organ transplantation (SOT) and associated with increased morbidity and mortality for allograft recipients. Despite the significant burden of disease, there is a paucity of literature with regards to detection, prevention and management. Evidence from the general population with diabetes may not be translatable to the unique context of SOT. In light of emerging clinical evidence and novel anti‐diabetic agents, there is an urgent need for updated guidance and recommendations in this high‐risk cohort. The Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) and Renal Association (RA) Diabetic Kidney Disease Clinical Speciality Group has undertaken a systematic review and critical appraisal of the available evidence. Areas of focus are; (1) epidemiology, (2) pathogenesis, (3) detection, (4) management, (5) modification of immunosuppression, (6) prevention, and (7) PTDM in the non‐renal setting. Evidence‐graded recommendations are provided for the detection, management and prevention of PTDM, with suggested areas for future research and potential audit standards. The guidelines are endorsed by Diabetes UK, the British Transplantation Society and the Royal College of Physicians of London. The full guidelines are available freely online for the diabetes, renal and transplantation community using the link below. The aim of this review article is to introduce an abridged version of this new clinical guideline ( https://abcd.care/sites/abcd.care/files/site_uploads/Resources/Position‐Papers/ABCD‐RA%20PTDM%20v14.pdf).
Sperm, metabolic memory and echoes from Lamarck
Authors: Crisóstomo Luís , Oliveira Pedro F. , Alves Marco G. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

There is a widespread misconception that only maternal variables affect in utero development.

Epigenetic markers carried by the spermatozoon are transmitted to the zygote.

Sperm‐born epigenetic factors influence in utero development, for various generations.

Acquired traits of metabolic disease can be inherited by the offspring via the male gamete.

Health assessment of future fathers is essential to predict the offspring's health.
Clinical effectiveness of early treatment with paliperidone palmitate in schizophrenia: A retrospective real‐world study in South Korea
Authors: Shin Wonsuk , Lee Dong Hyeon , Kim Min‐Kyoung , Lee Sang‐Hyuk , Cho Doo‐Yeoun , Bang Minji 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimLong‐acting injectable antipsychotic agents (LAIs) including paliperidone palmitate (PP) have shown promising results in preventing relapse and rehospitalization in schizophrenia. This study aimed to ascertain the comparative real‐world effectiveness between the early and late administration of PP and oral formulations of risperidone and paliperidone (ORPs) in patients experiencing a first episode or relapse of schizophrenia.MethodsWe identified patients with schizophrenia admitted to a psychiatric ward at least once and treated with ORPs or PP using the Korea National Insurance Claims Database. Patients were divided into three groups based on the clinical data: (1) patients treated with PP within 30 days of the initiation of treatment (early‐PP), (2) patients treated with PP after 30 days of the initiation of therapy (late‐PP) and (3) patients treated with only ORPs and not received PP (only‐ORP). The primary outcomes were determined as psychiatric rehospitalization during the entire duration of treatment after the first discharge.ResultsA total of 3790 patients (1096 early‐PP, 799 late‐PP and 1895 only‐ORP) were finally included in the analysis. The mean of number and total length of rehospitalization stays during the entire duration in early‐PP group were significantly lower than those of late‐PP group and only‐ORP group (number: 2.32 stays/year, 3.24 stays/year and 4.23 stays/year, p < .001; total length: 50.34 days/year, 72.26 days/year and 105.14 days/year, p < .001).ConclusionsEarly treatment with PP was associated with a greater reduction in psychiatric rehospitalization during the treatment period than late treatment with PP and ORP in schizophrenia.
Refined hepatic grading system in chronic graft‐versus‐host disease improves prognostic risk stratification of long‐term outcomes
Authors: Novitzky‐Basso Igor , AlHayli Saud , Shin Elizabeth , Pasic Ivan , Al‐Shaibani Zeyad , Lam Wilson , Law Arjun , Michelis Fotios V. , Gerbitz Armin , Viswabandya Auro , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Kumar Rajat , Mattsson Jonas , Kim Dennis Dong Hwan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesHepatic grading systems for categorizing severity in chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGvHD) were determined arbitrarily, leading us to initiate the present study to provide objective evidence for the determination of optimal cutoff values and devise a hepatic grading system to predict prognosis.MethodsOf 842 patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem transplant (HCT), 336 patients diagnosed with cGvHD were evaluated for overall survival (OS) and non‐relapse mortality (NRM) after cGVHD development. Multiple statistical parameters were evaluated to define optimal cutoff values of liver profile, including negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), accuracy, and p‐values as measures of risk stratification power.ResultsWe found that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≥ 146 IU/L (NPV: 83.4%; PPV: 32.8%; accuracy: 52.7%) and bilirubin ≥ 14 µmol/L (NPV: 81.8%; PPV: 39.4%; accuracy 68.1%) significantly correlated with OS. We developed a refined hepatic cGvHD grading score (RHS), stratifying patients into a low‐RHS group with RHS score 0, OS at 3 years (n = 162) to 80.5%, compared to high‐RHS group with score 1‐2 (n = 172) 62.7%. Regarding NRM, score 0 segregated NRM at 3 years to 11.9%, compared with score 1‐2 19.6%, P = .1.ConclusionsRefined hepatic score is promising for stratifying patients with cGVHD and liver involvement according to long‐term outcomes.
Investigation of the soil properties that affect Olsen P critical values in different soil types and impact on P fertiliser recommendations
Authors: Tandy Susan , Hawkins Jane M. B. , Dunham Sarah J. , Hernandez‐Allica Javier , Granger Steve J. , Yuan Huimin , McGrath Steve P. , Blackwell Martin S. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOptimization of phosphorus (P) fertiliser use is desired to ensure more sustainable use of fertiliser, economic food production and reduction of eutrophication of water bodies. Presently, the Olsen P values on which fertiliser recommendations are based to achieve optimum yield are frequently the same for all soils. The aim of this study was to identify the properties of different soils that affect their critical Olsen P values in order to develop better, soil‐specific P fertiliser recommendations. A pot experiment using 10 soils with low available P with different P additions was carried out to investigate the impact of wide‐ranging soil properties on the relationship between P addition, resultant Olsen P values and yield response of ryegrass to Olsen P values. The relationship between added P and Olsen P varied greatly between the individual soils. These relationships were affected by pH, manganese oxide, crystalline aluminium oxide and amorphous iron oxide contents of the soil. Different soils had widely varying critical Olsen P values for ryegrass. However, these could not be related to the measured soil properties. Fertiliser recommendations and critical values for optimum yield of ryegrass based on the Olsen P test should be soil specific. The complexity and lack of clarity over which combination of soil properties governs critical Olsen P values calls for further investigation with more soil types and additional soil property measurements to elucidate the different factors controlling critical Olsen P values in different soils.Highlights
Soil‐specific P fertiliser recommendations are needed for sustainable fertiliser use
We investigated soil properties affecting critical Olsen P values and added P fertiliser availability
Fertiliser P availability was affected by pH and metal (hydr)oxide contents of the soil
Critical Olsen P values varied with soil, but measured soil properties could not explain this variation
Controls on variation of soil organic carbon concentration in the shrublands of the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Nie Xiuqing , Wang Dong , Yang Lucun , Zhou Guoying 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAssessment of soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration in high‐altitude shrublands is essential for understanding C dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. Hence, we investigated the SOC concentration and its influencing factors using 198 soil profiles (0–100 cm) from 66 sites between 2011 and 2013 in the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau shrublands. SOC concentration was different under different shrubland types, with SOC concentration significantly greater in the alpine shrublands relative to the desert shrublands, whereas SOC concentration showed limited increases with altitude. Both mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) have positive relationships with SOC concentration, and their relationships are moderate. Compared with MAT, a correlation between MAP and variation in SOC concentration was larger. Meanwhile, with increasing soil depth, a correlation between variation in SOC concentration and climatic factors was smaller. Soil pH seems to be a robust factor that not only had a significant negative correlation with SOC, but also played an important role in regulating a correlation between climatic condition and variation in SOC concentration. Controls on variation of SOC concentration on the Tibetan Plateau help to understand soil C dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems.Highlights
SOC concentration was different under different shrubland types, whereas SOC concentration showed limited increases with altitude.
Compared with MAT, a correlation between MAP and variation in SOC concentration was larger.
Soil pH seems to be a robust factor that had a significant negative correlation with SOC concentration
Soil pH was also important for regulating a correlation between climatic condition and variation in SOC concentration.
Myasthenia gravis associated with anti‐MuSK antibodies developed after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Assini Andrea , Gandoglia Ilaria , Damato Valentina , Rikani Klaudio , Evoli Amelia , Del Sette Massimo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionSince the onset of the novel coronavirus pandemic, several neurological complications secondary to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection have been reported, affecting central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and neuromuscular junction.Case reportWe present the case of a 77‐year‐old man who developed bulbar myasthenia gravis (MG) eight weeks after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The search for serum antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor and the muscle‐specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK), performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and the search of low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 4 antibodies, performed by immunohistochemistry, resulted negative, while anti‐MuSK antibodies were detected by cell‐based assay (CBA). The patient was treated with pyridostigmine (60 mg four times a day) with unsatisfactory clinical response, followed by immunosuppressive therapy (azathioprine 1.5 mg/kg/day) with improvement of MG symptoms after two months of treatment.DiscussionSeveral viral diseases have been described as associated with the onset of MG, although the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Similarly, a growing number of scientific reports suggest a correlation between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and autoimmune diseases. The interest of our case lies in the timing of the MG onset (after 2 months from infection), together with the unusual late onset of anti‐MuSK MG. These elements suggest that coronavirus infection may act as a trigger of the disease. We confirm the importance of CBA in the serological diagnosis of RIA‐negative MG.
cnm‐Positive Streptococcus mutans and diffusion‐weighted imaging hyperintensities in acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Shiga Yuji , Aoki Shiro , Hosomi Naohisa , Nomura Ryota , Nakamori Masahiro , Nezu Tomohisa , Tachiyama Keisuke , Kamimura Teppei , Kinoshita Naoto , Shimomura Ryo , Hayashi Yuki , Matsushima Hayato , Imamura Eiji , Ueno Hiroki , Wakabayashi Shinichi , Nakano Kazuhiko , Kohriyama Tatsuo , Maruyama Hirofumi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundStrains of Streptococcus mutans expressing the cell surface collagen‐binding protein, Cnm, encoded by cnm (cnm‐positive S. mutans), are associated with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the occurrence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). Small diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintensities in patients with acute ICH are also associated with CMBs. However, the association between cnm‐positive S. mutans and DWI hyperintensities is unclear. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association between cnm‐positive S. mutans and DWI hyperintensities in patients with acute ICH.MethodsPatients with acute ICH were prospectively registered at three hospitals. Dental plaque specimens were collected within 4 days after admission, and cnm‐positive S. mutans was detected using the polymerase chain reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging at 14 ± 5 days after admission was used to evaluate DWI hyperintensities and CMBs.ResultsA total of 197 patients were enrolled in this study. cnm‐positive S. mutans was detected in 30 patients (15.2%), and DWI hyperintensities were observed in 56 patients (28.4%). Patients with cnm‐positive S. mutans had a higher frequency of DWI hyperintensities (50.0% vs 24.6%; p = 0.008) and a higher number of CMBs (5.5 vs 1.5; p < 0.001) than those without cnm‐positive S. mutans. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that the presence of cnm‐positive S. mutans was independently associated with DWI hyperintensities (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.01–5.61; p = 0.047) after adjusting for several confounding factors.ConclusionThis study found an association between the presence of cnm‐positive S. mutans and DWI hyperintensities in patients with acute ICH.
Response to Zöller et al.'s critique on “Potential short‐term earthquake forecasting by farm‐animal monitoring”
Authors: Wikelski Martin , Mueller Uschi , Scocco Paola , Catorci Andrea , Desinov Lev V. , Belyaev Mikhail Y. , Keim Daniel , Pohlmeier Winfried , Fechteler Gerhard , Mai Paul Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractZöller et al. (Ethology, 2020) criticize our original publication (Wikelski et al., Ethology, 126(9), 2020, 931) for obvious reasons: we only observed the behavior of one group of farm animals before, during and after one earthquake series in one area of the world. It is clear that no earthquake predictions are possible, and should not be attempted, from this data set. However, what we show is that there is important information within this animal collective pertaining to potential future local forecasting of earthquakes when combined with traditional data sources. We maintain that combining Zöller et al.'s (2020) modeling tools with the adequate use of our data can stimulate novel ways of earthquake forecasting. Future studies should combine both approaches.
The Good, the Dead, and the Other: Chronicles of a Nepali Phantasmicide
Authors: Poletti Samuele 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIs an experience the private matter of an inner individual self? The phantasmicide committed by Laxmi in Sinja, Nepal, with the assistance of his uncle suggests otherwise. The perception of a wandering spirit in Nepal, like that of a dragon in the Middle Ages, demonstrates how subjective experiences may sometimes acquire independence in the blurred margins where reality merges with imagination. This line of reasoning finds support in the indigenous view of personhood, according to which a person actualizes as a multitude of situational souls emerging in reaction to circumstances—circumstances to which these reactions may also be pinned. Instead of an outward projection of psychological life, the intersubjective life of the spirit coprotagonist of this affair encourages envisaging experiences as partially independent phenomena capable of acting back upon the experiencing self and being acted upon in turn as other free‐standing subjects. Highlighting the mutual inextricability of private interiority and worldly events, the chronicle of this Nepali phantasmicide fosters thus an alternative to psychological transference pointing toward an Intersubjective‐I that avoids constraining self and world within rigid boundaries. [intersubjectivity, experience, transference, situationality, personhood, Nepal]