bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overweight and Obesity Are Associated With Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, but Not With Increased Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: van Son Jamie , Oussaada Sabrina M. , Şekercan Aydin , Beudel Martijn , Dongelmans Dave A. , van Assen Sander , Eland Ingo A. , Moeniralam Hazra S. , Dormans Tom P. J. , van Kalkeren Colin A. J. , Douma Renée A. , Rusch Daisy , Simsek Suat , Liu Limmie , Kootte Ruud S. , Wyers Caroline E. , IJzerman Richard G. , van den Bergh Joop P. , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Nieuwdorp Max , ter Horst Kasper W. , Serlie Mireille J. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between overweight and obesity on the clinical course and outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.DesignRetrospective, observational cohort study.MethodsWe performed a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients to evaluate the associations between overweight and obesity on the clinical course and outcomes.ResultsOut of 1634 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 473 (28.9%) had normal weight, 669 (40.9%) were overweight, and 492 (30.1%) were obese. Patients who were overweight or had obesity were younger, and there were more women in the obese group. Normal-weight patients more often had pre-existing conditions such as malignancy, or were organ recipients. During admission, patients who were overweight or had obesity had an increased probability of acute respiratory distress syndrome [OR 1.70 (1.26-2.30) and 1.40 (1.01-1.96)], respectively and acute kidney failure [OR 2.29 (1.28-3.76) and 1.92 (1.06-3.48)], respectively. Length of hospital stay was similar between groups. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 27.7%, and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that overweight and obesity were not associated with increased mortality compared to normal-weight patients.ConclusionIn this study, overweight and obesity were associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute kidney injury, but not with in-hospital mortality nor length of hospital stay.
Analysis of Related Factors of Tumor Recurrence or Progression After Transnasal Sphenoidal Surgical Treatment of Large and Giant Pituitary Adenomas and Establish a Nomogram to Predict Tumor Prognosis
Authors: Chen Yike , Cai Feng , Cao Jing , Gao Feng , Lv Yao , Tang Yajuan , Zhang Anke , Yan Wei , Wang Yongjie , Hu Xinben , Chen Sheng , Dong Xiao , Zhang Jianmin , Wu Qun 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundPituitary adenoma (PA) is a benign neuroendocrine tumor caused by adenohypophysial cells, and accounts for 10%-20% of all primary intracranial tumors. The surgical outcomes and prognosis of giant pituitary adenomas measuring ≥3 cm in diameter differ significantly due to the influence of multiple factors such as tumor morphology, invasion site, pathological characteristics and so on. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors related to the recurrence or progression of giant and large PAs after transnasal sphenoidal surgery, and develop a predictive model for tumor prognosis.MethodsThe clinical and follow-up data of 172 patients with large or giant PA who underwent sphenoidal surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The basic clinical information (age, gender, past medical history etc.), imaging features (tumor size, invasion characteristics, extent of resection etc.), and histopathological characteristics (pathological results, Ki-67, P53 etc.) were retrieved. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the R software was used to establish the predictive nomogram.ResultsSeventy out of the 172 examined cases (40.7%) had tumor recurrence or progression. The overall progress free survival (PFS) rates of the patients at 1, 3 and 5 years after surgery were 90.70%, 79.65% and 59.30% respectively. Log-rank test indicated that BMI (P &lt; 0.001), Knosp classification (P &lt; 0.001), extent of resection (P &lt; 0.001), Ki-67 (P &lt; 0.001), sphenoidal sinus invasion (P = 0.001), Hardy classification (P = 0.003) and smoking history (P = 0.018) were significantly associated with post-surgery recurrence or progression. Cox regression analysis further indicated that smoking history, BMI ≥25 kg/m2, Knosp classification grade 4, partial resection and ≥3% Ki-67 positive rate were independent risk factors of tumor recurrence or progression (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the nomogram and ROC curve based on the above results indicated significant clinical value.ConclusionThe postoperative recurrence or progression of large and giant PAs is related to multiple factors and a prognostic nomogram based on BMI (≥25 kg/m2), Knosp classification (grade 4), extent of resection (partial resection) and Ki-67 (≥3%) can predict the recurrence or progression of large and giant PAs after transnasal sphenoidal surgery.
Does Diabetes Mellitus Increase the Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Critical Acute Myocardial Infarction? Results From American MIMIC-III and Chinese CIN Cohorts
Authors: Chen Shiqun , Huang Zhidong , Chen Liling , Zhao Xiaoli , Kang Yu , Lai Wenguang , Lu Xiaozhao , Zhou Yang , He Yibo , Huang Haozhang , Li Qiang , Liu Jin , Liang Yan , Dong Shaohong , Tan Ning , Liu Yong , Chen Jiyan 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe harmful effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains controversial. Furthermore, few studies focused on critical AMI patients. We aimed to address whether DM increases short- and long-term mortality in this specific population.MethodsWe analyzed AMI patients admitted into coronary care unit (CCU) with follow-up of ≥1 year from two cohorts (MIMIC-III, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III; CIN, Cardiorenal ImprovemeNt Registry) in the United States and China. Main outcome was mortality at 30-day and 1-year following hospitalization. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to examine the impact of DM on mortality in critical AMI patients.Results1774 critical AMI patients (mean age 69.3 ± 14.3 years, 46.1% had DM) were included from MIMIC-III and 3380 from the CIN cohort (mean age 62.2 ± 12.2 years, 29.3% had DM). In both cohorts, DM group was older and more prevalent in cardio-renal dysfunction than non-DM group. Controlling for confounders, DM group has a significantly higher 30-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% CI): 2.71 (1.99-3.73) in MIMIC-III; aOR (95% CI): 9.89 (5.81-17.87) in CIN), and increased 1-year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) (95% CI): 1.91 (1.56-2.35) in MIMIC-III; aHR (95% CI): 2.62(1.99-3.45) in CIN) than non-DM group.ConclusionsTaking into account cardio-renal function, critical AMI patients with DM have a higher 30-day mortality and 1-year mortality than non-DM group in both cohorts. Further studies on prevention and management strategies for DM are needed for this population.Clinical Trial Registrationclinicaltrials.gov, NCT04407936.
Optimization of a Marine Fish Release Strategy: A Case Study of Black Sea Bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii in the Zhanjiang Estuary, Northern South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Shenzeng , Lin Lin , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: December 2021

The release strategy (choice of the species and locations stocked, releasing mode, and stocking size and times) is an important part of quantitative evaluations of marine fish stock enhancement, while optimization of the release strategy can contribute to assess the stocking success intended to alleviate declining fishery resources and to increase the income of fishers. In this study, a typical fish species released in the northern South China Sea, black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii, was taken as the research object. The biological characteristics of this sparid were determined from samples collected from waters in the Zhanjiang estuary during June, July, and September 2020 to April 2021, and the data were applied to estimate its length frequency and its growth parameters using the ELEFAN I run in FiSAT II. We then simulated and evaluated the stocking effects of five scenarios under different release strategies, while assuming a fixed total quantity of released fish and a constant of mortality rate at different life stages. The results showed that (1) the breeding season of black sea bream in this region is mainly from December to March of the next year, which is also the period when most significant sexual reversal in this species occurs, and (2) the relationship between standard length and weight in black sea bream is W = 5.092 × 10–5L2.906, L∞ = 54.39 cm, K = 0.15, and t0 = −0.967. (3) The recommended period to release black sea bream in Zhanjiang waters is from June to October. It appears more productive if the total quantity of fish released can be divided into two batches. The growth potential of released juvenile fish in this study was evaluated based on a density-dependent theory, and the stocking effect of released stocks was simulated with the consideration for biological parameters and field sampling technique. This study provides a reference for the optimization of fish release strategies in coastal waters.
Acceptability and Satisfaction of Contraceptive Vaginal Rings in Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Delvaux Thérèse , Jespers Vicky , Benova Lenka , van de Wijgert Janneke 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Acceptability of and satisfaction with contraceptive methods are paramount for uptake and continuation. In the current context of multipurpose prevention of pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases/HIV development, it is critical to have a better understanding of acceptability of and satisfaction with the contraceptive vaginal ring (CVR) including sexual satisfaction. The objective of this study was to review the evidence about acceptability of CVRs and general and sexual satisfaction of users.Methods: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science (until December 31, 2020) and selected original studies documenting actual use of hormonal CVR and explicitly addressing any of the 3 outcomes.Results: Of a total of 1,129 records screened, 46 studies were included. Most studies (n = 43, 93%) were prospective, conducted in high-income settings (n = 35), and reported on NuvaRing® use (n = 31). Overall, 27 (59%) studies included a comparison group, 38 (82%) studies used exclusively quantitative questionnaires, with qualitative only (n = 4, 9%), or mixed methods (n = 4, 9%) studies being less common. Ease of CVR insertion/removal/reinsertion was high in all the settings and improved with time of use, with qualitative studies supporting these findings. When mentioned, ring-related events were associated with discontinuation, and results on continuation of use were mixed. Among NuvaRing® studies, general satisfaction (being satisfied or very satisfied) was between 80 and 90% and tended to mirror continuation. Sexual satisfaction was less commonly reported and results were mixed. Overall, limited information was provided on actual CVR experiences of women (and men) and cultural norms that may affect sexuality and CVR use.Conclusion: Positive aspects of acceptability of and satisfaction with CVRs were reported, but ring-related events and factors, which may affect long-term CVR use, deserve further study. More information is needed on actual experiences of women using CVRs, relationship aspects, male partner opinions, and contextual norms to better understand the acceptability of and satisfaction with CVRs.
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Signature Associated With Tumor Microenvironment Based on Autophagy-Related lncRNA Analysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Deng Yan , Zhang Feng , Sun Zhen-Gang , Wang Shuai 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to establish a prognostic signature based on the autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) analysis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: Patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were taken as the training cohort, and patients from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were treated as the validation cohort. Autophagy-related lncRNAs were obtained via a co-expression network analysis. According to univariate and multivariate analyses, a multigene prognostic signature was constructed in the training cohort. The predictive power of the signature was confirmed in both cohorts. The detailed functions were investigated using functional analysis. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) score was used to evaluate the tumor microenvironment. The expression levels of immunotherapy and targeted therapy targets between the two risk groups were compared. Finally, a nomogram was constructed by integrating clinicopathological parameters with independently predictive value and the risk score.Results: Four autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified to establish a prognostic signature, which separated patients into high- and low-risk groups. Survival analysis showed that patients in the high-risk group had a shorter survival time in both cohorts. A time-independent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve and principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the prognostic signature had a robust predictive power and reliability in both cohorts. Functional analysis indicated that the expressed genes in the high-risk group are mainly enriched in autophagy- and cancer-related pathways. ssGSEA revealed that the different risk groups were associated with the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the different risk groups had positive correlations with the expressions of specific mutant genes. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk score also exhibited excellent predictive power irrespective of clinicopathological characteristics in both cohorts. A nomogram was established. The nomogram showed good discrimination, with Harrell's concordance index (C-index) of 0.739 and good calibration.Conclusion: The four autophagy-related lncRNAs could be used as biological biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The prognostic signature and nomogram might aid clinicians in individual treatment optimization and clinical decision-making for patients with HCC.
Circulating Soluble CD163: A Potential Predictor for the Functional Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sun Houchao , Zhang Xiaogang , Ma Jingxi , Liu Zhao , Qi Yunwen , Fang Li , Zheng Yongling , Cai Zhiyou 
Published: December 2021

Background: CD163 is a transmembrane glycoprotein receptor expressed on innate immune cells that sheds from the cell membrane and circulates as a soluble form (sCD163). This study aimed to investigate the circulating levels and clinical relevance of soluble CD163 (sCD163) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods: This study recruited 300 patients with AIS and 78 healthy controls. The patients were followed up for 1 month to observe the functional outcomes. The neurological functions of the patients were assessed using the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The plasma concentrations of sCD163 at the baseline (patient admission) were determined by ELISA.Results: We found that patients with AIS had significantly higher plasma sCD163 concentrations than the healthy control. Patients with high sCD163 concentrations had better functional outcomes than patients with low sCD163 concentrations. The plasma sCD163 concentrations were positively associated with the NIHSS scores and infarction volume at the baseline. The plasma sCD163 was positively associated with the improvement of the NIHSS scores but was negatively associated with the risk of poor functional outcomes during follow-up.Conclusions: These findings indicate that circulating sCD163 is a potential biomarker that is associated with disease severity and the functional outcome of AIS.
Real-World Cost-Effectiveness of Late Time Window Thrombectomy for Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Gao Lan , Bivard Andrew , Parsons Mark , Spratt Neil J. , Levi Christopher , Butcher Kenneth , Kleinig Timothy , Yan Bernard , Dong Qiang , Cheng Xin , Lou Min , Yin Congguo , Chen Chushuang , Wang Peng , Lin Longting , Choi Philip , Miteff Ferdinand , Moodie Marj 
Published: December 2021

Background: To compare the cost-effectiveness of providing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for patients with ischemic stroke in the &gt;4.5 h time window between patient groups who met and did not meet the perfusion imaging trial criteria.Methods: A discrete event simulation (DES) model was developed to simulate the long-term outcome post EVT in patients meeting or not meeting the extended time window clinical trial perfusion imaging criteria at presentation, vs. medical treatment alone (including intravenous thrombolysis). The effectiveness of thrombectomy in patients meeting the landmark trial criteria (DEFUSE 3 and DAWN) was derived from a prospective cohort study of Australian patients who received EVT for ischemic stroke, between 2015 and 2019, in the extended time window (&gt;4.5 h).Results: Endovascular thrombectomy was shown to be a cost-effective treatment for patients satisfying the clinical trial criteria in our prospective cohort [incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $11,608/quality-adjusted life year (QALY) for DEFUSE 3-postive or $34,416/QALY for DAWN-positive]. However, offering EVT to patients outside of clinical trial criteria was associated with reduced benefit (−1.02 QALY for DEFUSE 3; −1.43 QALY for DAWN) and higher long-term patient costs ($8,955 for DEFUSE 3; $9,271 for DAWN), thereby making it unlikely to be cost-effective in Australia.Conclusions: Treating patients not meeting the DAWN or DEFUSE 3 clinical trial criteria in the extended time window for EVT was associated with less gain in QALYs and higher cost. Caution should be exercised when considering this procedure for patients not satisfying the trial perfusion imaging criteria for EVT.
Neurodegeneration and Vascular Burden on Cognition After Midlife: A Plasma and Neuroimaging Biomarker Study
Authors: Huang Kuo-Lun , Hsiao Ing-Tsung , Chang Ting-Yu , Yang Shieh-Yueh , Chang Yeu-Jhy , Wu Hsiu-Chuan , Liu Chi-Hung , Wu Yi-Ming , Lin Kun-Ju , Ho Meng-Yang , Lee Tsong-Hai 
Published: December 2021

Background and Objectives: Neurodegeneration and vascular burden are the two most common causes of post-stroke cognitive impairment. However, the interrelationship between the plasma beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau protein, cortical atrophy and brain amyloid accumulation on PET imaging in stroke patients is undetermined. We aimed to explore: (1) the relationships of cortical thickness and amyloid burden on PET with plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, tau protein and their composite scores in stroke patients; and (2) the associations of post-stroke cognitive presentations with these plasma and neuroimaging biomarkers.Methods: The prospective project recruited first-ever ischemic stroke patients around 3 months after stroke onset. The plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, and total tau protein were measured with the immunomagnetic reduction method. Cortical thickness was evaluated on MRI, and cortical amyloid plaque deposition was evaluated by 18F-florbetapir PET. Cognition was evaluated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2).Results: The study recruited 24 stroke patients and 13 normal controls. The plasma tau and tau*Aβ42 levels were correlated with mean cortical thickness after age adjustment. The Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was correlated with global cortical 18F-florbetapir uptake value. The DRS-2 and GDS scores were associated with mean cortical thickness and plasma biomarkers, including Aβ42/Aβ40, tau, tau*Aβ42, tau/Aβ42, and tau/Aβ40 levels, in stroke patients.Conclusion: Plasma Aβ, tau, and their composite scores were associated with cognitive performance 3 months after stroke, and these plasma biomarkers were correlated with corresponding imaging biomarkers of neurodegeneration. Further longitudinal studies with a larger sample size are warranted to replicate the study results.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Overexpression Slows the Progression of 4NQO-Induced Oral Tumorigenesis
Authors: He Xiaoxi , Chen Si , Tang Yinghua , Zhao Xiaomin , Yan Liting , Wu Lihong , Wu Zhicong , Liu Weijia , Chen Xinming , Wang Xinhong 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling in oral malignant transformation.MethodsWe used immunohistochemistry to investigate HGF and c-Met expression in 53 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) specimens and 21 adjacent nontumor specimens and evaluated the associations between HGF and c-Met expression and clinicopathological parameters. Additionally, HGF-overexpression transgenic (HGF-Tg) and wild-type (Wt) mice were treated with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) to induce oral carcinogenesis for 16 weeks. At 16, 20, and 24 weeks, tongue lesions were collected for clinical observation; estimation of HGF, c-Met, and PCNA expression; apoptosis (TUNEL) assays; and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq).ResultsHGF and c-Met were positively expressed in 92.5% and 64% of OSCC samples, respectively. High HGF expression was significantly associated with smaller tumor size (p = 0.006) and inferior TNM stage (p = 0.032). No correlation between HGF and c-Met levels and other clinical parameters or prognosis was noted. In addition, HGF and c-Met expression was elevated in 4NQO-induced lesions of Wt mice. Compared with Wt mice, HGF-Tg mice have lower tumor incidence, number, volume, and lesion grade. In addition, the percentage of PCNA-positive cells in Wt mice was significantly higher than that in HGF-Tg mice at different time points. At 16 weeks, HGF-Tg mice exhibited less apoptotic cells compared with Wt mice (p &lt; 0.000), and these levels gradually increased until the levels were greater than that of Wt mice at 24 weeks (p &lt; 0.000). RNA-seq data revealed that 140 genes were upregulated and 137 genes were downregulated in HGF-Tg mice. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are highly correlated with oxidative and metabolic signaling and that downregulated DEGs are related to MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling.ConclusionsHGF and c-Met expression is upregulated in OSCC tissues and is associated with the occurrence and development of OSCC. HGF overexpression in normal oral epithelial tissue can inhibit 4NQO-induced tumorigenesis potentially through inhibiting proliferation and accelerating apoptosis via MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling.