bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with the Increase in Spatial and Frontal QRS-T Angles in Patients with Inferior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sakhnova T. A. , Blinova E. V. , Merkulova I. N. , Shakhnovich R. M. , Zhukova N. S. , Sukhinina T. S. , Barysheva N. A. , Staroverov I. I. 
Published: January 2021

Aim To identify clinical, echocardiographic, and angiographic factors related with an increase in the frontal QRS-T angle (fQRS-T) and the spatial QRS-T angle (sQRS-T) in patients with inferior myocardial infarction.Material and methods The study included 128 patients aged (median [25th percentile; 75th percentile]) 59.5 [51.5; 67.0] years diagnosed with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. fQRS-T was calculated as a module of difference between the QRS axis and the Т axis in the frontal plane. sQRS-T was calculated by a synthesized vectorcardiogram as a spatial angle between the QRS and Т integral vectors.Results The fQRS-T for the group was 54.0 [18; 80] and sQRS-T was 80.1 [53; 110]. The correlation coefficient for fQRS-T and sQRS-T values was 0.42 (p<0.001). Both fQRS-T >80° and sQRS-T >110° compared to their lower values were associated with a higher frequency of history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis (44% and 12 %, respectively; p<0.05), a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (51 [47; 60]% at fQRS-T >80° and 55 [50; 60]% at fQRS-T <80° (p<0,05); 49 [44; 57]% at sQRS-T >110° and 57 [51; 60] % at sQRS-T <110° (p<0.01); more frequent development of acute heart failure (16 and 2 %, respectively; p<0.05); and early postinfarction angina (13 and 2 %, respectively; p<0.05). The increased fQRS-T was associated with a higher incidence of damage to the circumflex artery (45 and 20 %, respectively; p<0.05). The increased sQRS-T was associated with a history of arterial hypertension (97 and 76 %, respectively; p<0.05), chronic heart failure (22 and 3 %, respectively; p<0.05), chronic kidney disease (19 and 4 %, respectively; p<0.05), and a larger myocardial lesion (mean number of damaged segments by echocardiography was 3.8 [2; 6] at sQRS-T >110° and 2.6 [1; 4] at sQRS-T <110°; p<0.01). sQRS-T was significantly greater in multivascular damage (87 [68; 121]° than in one- or two-vascular damage (72 [51; 100]°; p<0.05). sQRS-T values were significantly lower with spontaneous reperfusion (66 [29; 79] than without spontaneous reperfusion (77 [55; 115]°; p<0.05).Conclusion In patients after inferior wall acute myocardial infarction, increases in fQRS-T and sQRS-T were associated with more severe damage of coronary vasculature, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, and more severe course of disease.
A relação entre o Programa Residência Pedagógica e a Formação Continuada de Professores Preceptores
Authors: Piccolo Becker Eriques , Sawitzki Rosalvo Luis , Almeida Callai Ana Nathalia , Perini Borck Mariana 
Published: January 2021

O corrente trabalho, fruto de um estudo realizado através de uma Iniciação Científica e desenvolvido em 2019, versa sobre a relação entre o Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP) e o processo de Formação Continuada (FC) de professores que, neste caso, atuam como preceptores no referido programa. Com o objetivo de identificar e perceber como o PRP age no processo de FC desses professores, além de compreender a importância da FC na atuação docente, o estudo apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como métodos para a coleta de dados observações semanais que aconteceram semanalmente na Instituição de Ensino Superior que ocorria o PRP. Nessas reuniões, encontravam-se todos os participantes do programa, possibilitando um intenso debate acerca do trabalho do professorado. A partir das observações realizadas e da busca bibliográfica pode-se chegar a fase de analisar e discutir os resultados. Portanto, com o fim da pesquisa, percebe-se que o PRP se caracteriza como espaço de FC ao apresentar momentos formativos de compartilhamento de experiências e de trocas de saberes entre agentes educacionais de diferentes níveis (acadêmicos residentes, professores da educação básica - preceptores e professores do ensino superior - coordenadores). Além disso, destaca-se a importância da FC na prática pedagógica, pois esta auxilia os docentes em seu dia-a-dia, possibilitando reflexões e melhorias em sua formação profissional.
Düşük Ayak Kliniği ile Başvuran Hastaların Etiyolojik, Elektrofizyolojik ve Prognostik Özellikleri
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Fatma 
Published: January 2021

Düşük ayağın en sık nedeni peroneal nöropati olup etiyolojide birçok neden vardır. Düşük ayak, kişilerin günlük faaliyetlerini önemli ölçüde etkiler. Bu çalışmada Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde nöroloji polikliniğine düşük ayak kliniği ile başvuran hastaların etiyolojik, elektrofizyolojik ve prognostik özelliklerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Aralık 2017-Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasındanörofizyoloji laboratuvarına düşük ayak tanısıyla gönderilen ve tanısı elektronöromyografi ile doğrulanan 18 yaş üstü 80 hastanın verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Tüm analizler SPSS 20 yazılımı kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular; Düşük ayak kliniği ile başvuran hastaların cinsiyetler arasında yaş dağılımı benzerdi (P=0,718). Etiyolojide %31,25 (n=25) enjeksiyon, %18,75 (n=15)kesici/delici/ateşli silahla yaralanma, %16,25 (n=13) radikülopati, %12,5 (n=10) kemik fraktürü, %8,75 (n=7) cerrahi komlplikasyon, %5 (n=4) idiyopatik, %2,5 (n=2) herediter, %2,5 (n=2) metastaz, %2,5 (n=2) kilo kaybı-çömelme vardı. Sinir etkilenimine bakıldığı zaman hastaların (n=80) %86,3’ünde (n=69) peroneal sinir hasarı, %58,8’inde (n=47) tibial sinir hasarı, %57,5’inde (n=46) sural sinir hasarı vardı. Cinsiyete göre bakıldığında peroneal sinir hasarı kadınlarda %78,6 (n=22), erkeklerde %90,4 (n=47), tibial sinir hasarı kadınlarda %64,3 (n=18), erkeklerde %55,7 (n=29), sural sinir hasarı kadınlarda %50 (n=14), erkeklerde %61,5 (n=32) idi. Cinsiyete göre etiyolojik nedenler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (P=0,001). Sonuç olarak nöromusküler yolun tüm yaralanma olasılıkları da dahil olmak üzere hastanın düşük ayak nedeni için kapsamlı bir araştırma yapılmalıdır. Tanı sonrasında düşük ayak ilgili tüm uzmanların dahil olduğu multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla tedavi edilmelidir.
Derechos humanos y las entidades no humanas: algunas reflexiones sobre las corporaciones
Authors: Laukyte Migle 
Published: January 2021

El trabajo se ocupa de la cuestión de si los derechos humanos pueden atribuirse a las personas no humanas, y en especifico, a las corporaciones. Se analiza tal posibilidad (a) mirando a la relación entre los derechos humanos y las corporaciones a través de la libertad de empresa como derecho fundamental, (b) observando el proceso de “humanización” de la corporación en los tribunales, y (c) explicando que reconocer los derechos humanos a no humanos no siempre es prejudicial para las personas humanas.
Policy Polemic for Covid 19 and Efforts to Handling Information Technology
Authors: Pujiningsih Sri 
Published: January 2021

<table width="680" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="487"><p><strong>The Covid 19 pandemic case is sweeping the world, including one of them affected by the virus outbreak, the State of Indonesia. In dealing with this virus outbreak, each country takes different strategies. The Indonesian State pursues a large-scale social restriction policy. This study aims to explain the Covid 19 policy polemic and the efforts to handle it. The research method uses a normative juridical approach because it examines government policies in handling Covid cases, namely Law No.6 of 2018 and Government Regulation No.21 of 2020. Efforts to handle them, the government needs action that is fast and effective in dealing with the rate of spread of the Corona virus.</strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
Functionnectome: a framework to analyse the contribution of brain circuits to fMRI
Authors: Nozais Victor , Forkel Stephanie , Foulon Chris , Petit Laurent , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the field of functional neuroimaging has moved from a pure localisationist approach of isolated functional brain regions to a more integrated view of those regions within functional networks. The methods used to investigate such networks, however, rely on local signals in grey matter and are limited in identifying anatomical circuitries supporting the interaction between brain regions. Mapping the brain circuits mediating the functional signal between brain regions would propel forward our understanding of the brain’s functional signatures and dysfunctions. We developed a novel method to unravel the relationship between brain circuits and functions: The Functionnectome. The Functionectome combines the functional signal from fMRI with the anatomy of white matter brain circuits to unlock and chart the first maps of functional white matter. To showcase the versatility of this new method, we provide the first functional white matter maps revealing the joint contribution of connected areas to motor, working memory, and language functions. The Functionnectome comes with an open source companion software and opens new avenues into studying functional networks by applying the method to already existing dataset and beyond task fMRI.
Risk Prediction Models for Liver Cancer in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cao Maomao , Li He , Sun Dianqin , He Siyi , Zheng Yadi , Wu Zheng , Yu Xinyang , Lei Lin , Peng Ji , Li Jiang , Li Ni , Chen Wanqing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Prediction of liver cancer risk is beneficial to define high-risk population of liver cancer and guide clinical decisions. We aimed to review and critically appraise the quality of existing risk-prediction models for liver cancer. Methods This systematic review followed the guidelines of CHARMS (Checklist for Critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta (PRISMA). We searched for PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to July 2020. Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool was used to assess the risk of bias of all potential articles. A narrative description and meta-analysis were conducted. Results After removal irrespective and duplicated citations, 20 risk prediction publications were finally included. Within the 20 studies, 15 studies performed model derivation and validation process, three publications only conducted developed procedure without validation and two articles were used to validate existing models. Discrimination was expressed as area under curve or C statistic, which was acceptable for most models, ranging from 0.64 to 0.96. Calibration of the predictions model were rarely assessed. All models were graded at high risk of bias. The risk bias of applicability in 13 studies was considered low. Conclusions This systematic review gives an overall review of the prediction risk models for liver cancer, pointing out several methodological issues in their development. No prediction risk models were recommended due to the high risk of bias.Systematic review registration: This systematic has been registered in PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systemic Review: CRD42020203244).
Hsp90α Is Suitable for Therapy Monitoring in Multiple Cancers
Authors: Fu Min , Du Feng , Wei Zhe , Xu Cheng , Wang Xinjun , Zhao Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Heat shock protein 90α (Hsp90α) is associated with the occurrence and development of cancer. Previous studies have shown that plasma Hsp90α protein has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of liver cancer and lung cancer. Although the study of the Hsp90α protein in cancer screening is more common, the application of the Hsp90α protein in diagnosis and monitoring of cancer is rare. Methods: In this study, 370 cancer patients were enrolled from Nanyang Second People's Hospital (Henan, China). The pre- and post-treatment protein expression of Hsp90α were inspected and the data were analyzed.Results: In our research, Hsp90α expression was lower in the T1 phase of lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer patients with prior treatment and higher in breast cancer patients. Apart from colorectal cancer, Hsp90α expression of different cancer types in the T4 phase was highest compared to T1 to T3 phase, and the expression Hsp90α protein increased with cancer progression. These results substantiated that Hsp90α protein expression was consistent with cancer progression overall, although the expression difference between tumor stages was not obvious. Hsp90α was detected in 54 lung cancer patients pre- and post-treatment, and the coincidence rate between the progression of disease and expression change in the Hsp90α protein was 79.63%. For further verification, some patients of them underwent long-term monitoring, and the coincidence rate was 75%.Conclusions: Hsp90α was a potential biomarker for therapeutic monitoring of cancer prognosis, including lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and breast cancer.
A Qualitative Examination of Patient Experiences and Determinants of Virtual Postnatal Follow-Up Visits
Authors: Saad Megan , Chan Sophy , Nguyen Lisa , Srivast Siddhartha , Appireddy Ramana 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to understand the perceptions of new mothers using virtual care in the form of video conferencing to gain insight into the social and environmental determinants that could potentially impact compliance for post-natal follow-up visits.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 patients of Kingston Health Sciences Centre. The interviews were 20-25 minutes in length and recorded through an audio recorder. Thematic analysis was conducted in order to derive the major themes explored in this study.Results: In general, new mothers reported high satisfaction with virtual care, emphasizing benefits related to comfort, convenience, communication, socioeconomic factors, and the ease of technology use.Conclusions: Not only can virtual care address many of the barriers that new mothers face in accessing in-person healthcare services, but virtual care can also elucidate various social and environmental determinants responsible for facilitating access to postnatal follow-up care. Further research and clinical endeavours should focus on these various determinants (and the ways they intersect) and how they underpin patient perceptions of virtual and in-person care. Such a lens not only addresses the struggle of long-term patient compliance to maternal health care, but will additionally shed light on how to make obstetric care more equitable.
Locomotion-induced ocular motor behavior in larval Xenopus is developmentally tuned by visuo-vestibular reflexes
Authors: Bacqué-Cazenave Julien , Courtand Gilles , Beraneck Mathieu , Straka Hans , Combes Denis , Lambert Francois 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Locomotion requires neural computations to maintain stable perception of the world despite disturbing consequences of the motor behavior on sensory stability. The developmental establishment of locomotor proficiency is therefore accompanied by a concurrent maturation of gaze-stabilizing motor behaviors. Using developing Xenopus larvae, we demonstrate mutual plasticity of predictive spinal locomotor efference copies and multi-sensory motion signals with the aim to constantly ensure dynamically adequate eye movements during swimming. Following simultaneous ontogenetic onsets of locomotion, spino-ocular, optokinetic and otolith-ocular motor behaviors, locomotor efference copy-driven eye movements improve through gradually augmenting influences of semicircular canal signals. Accordingly, neuronal computations change from predominating cancelation of angular vestibulo-ocular reflexes by locomotor efference copies in young larvae to summation of these signals in older larvae. The developmental switch occurs in synchrony with the reduced efficacy of the tail-undulatory locomotor pattern generator causing gradually declining influences on the ocular motor output.
Occipital-Dural Muscle: A Specialized Myodural Bridge in Narrow-Ridge Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena Asiaorientalis)
Authors: Zhang Zhao-Xi , Gong Jin , Yu Sheng-Bo , Li Chan , Sun Jing-Xian , Ding Shuai-Wen , Ma Guo-Jun , Sun Shi-Zhu , Zheng Nan , Sui Hong-Jin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A dense bridge-like tissue named the myodural bridge (MDB) connecting the suboccipital muscles and the spinal dura mater was originally discovered in humans. Recent studies have revealed that the MDB confirmed a universal existing normal anatomical structure in mammals which is considered being significant in physiological functions. Our previous investigations have confirmed the existence of MDB in the finless porpoises. We conduct this research to expound the specificity of the MDB in Neophocana asiaeorientalis (N.asiaeorientalis). Five carcasses of N.asiaeorientalis with formalin fixation were used for this study. Two were used for head and neck CT scanning, three-dimensional reconstruction, and dissection of suboccipital region. One was used for P45 plastinated sheets observation. One was for histological analysis of suboccipital region. One was for Scanning electron microscopic study. The results showed that the MDB in N.asiaeorientalis is an independent muscle originated from the caudal border of occiput, directly extended through the posterior atlanto-occipital interspace and connected with the cervical spinal dura mater. Thus the MDB in N.asiaeorientalis is an independent and specialized muscle. Based on the origin and termination of this muscle, we could name it as ‘Occipital-Dural Muscle’. And the direct pull on the cervical spinal dura mater might affect the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by altering the volume of subarachnoid space of spine.
Patient Similarity Analytics for Explainable Clinical Risk Prediction
Authors: Fang Hao Sen Andrew , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Tan Wei Ying , Oei Ronald Wihal , Lee Mong Li , Hsu Wynne 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: A Clinical Risk Prediction Model (CRPM) uses patient characteristics to estimate the probability about having or developing a particular disease and/or outcome. While CRPMs are gaining in popularity, they have yet to be adopted routinely in clinical practice. The lack of explainability and interpretability has limited its utility. Explainability is the extent of which a model’s prediction process can be described. Interpretability is the degree to which a user can understand the predictions made by a model.Methods: The study aimed to demonstrate utility of patient similarity analytics in developing an explainable and interpretable CPRM. Data was extracted from the electronic medical records of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in a Singapore public primary care clinic. We used various techniques, including patient similarity analytics, to develop various models on this real-world training dataset (n=7,041) and validated each of them on the same test dataset (n=3,018). The results were compared using logistic regression, random forest and support vector machine models from the same dataset. The CRPM was then implemented in a prototype system to demonstrate the identification, explainability and interpretability of similar patients and the prediction process.Results: The patient similarity model (AUROC=0.718) was comparable to the logistic regression (AUROC=0.695), random forest (AUROC=0.764) and support vector machine models (AUROC=0.766). We incorporated the patient similarity model in a prototype web application. A case study demonstrated how the application was provided both quantitative and qualitative information, in the form of patient narratives. This information was used to better inform and influence clinical decision-making, such as getting a patient to agree to start insulin therapy.Conclusions: A patient similarity approach is feasible to develop an explainable and interpretable CRPM. It is a general approach which can be used to develop locally relevant information, based on the database it searches. Ultimately, such an approach can generate a more informative CRPMs which can be deployed as part of clinical decision support tools to better facilitate shared decision-making in clinical practice.
CPT to RVU Conversion Improves Model Performance in the Prediction of Surgical Case Length
Authors: Garside Nicholas , Zaribafzadeh Hamed , Henao Ricardo , Chung Royce , Buckland Daniel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Methods used to predict surgical case time often rely upon the current procedural terminology (CPT) code as a nominal variable to train machine-learned models, however this limits the ability of the model to incorporate new procedures and adds complexity as the number of unique procedures increases. The relative value unit (RVU, a consensus-derived billing indicator) can serve as a proxy for procedure workload and could replace the CPT code as a primary feature for models that predict surgical case length. Using 11,696 surgical cases from Duke University Health System electronic health records data, we compared boosted decision tree models that predict individual case length, changing the method by which the model coded procedure type; CPT, RVU, and CPT-RVU combined. Performance of each model was assessed by inference time, MAE, and RMSE compared to the actual case length on a test set. Models were compared to each other and to the manual scheduler method that currently exists. RMSE for the RVU model (60.8 mins) was similar to the CPT model (61.9 mins), both of which were lower than scheduler (90.2 mins). 65.2% of our RVU model’s predictions (compared to 43.2% from the current human scheduler methods) fell within 20% of actual case time. Using RVUs reduced model prediction time by 8-fold. Replacing pre-operative CPT codes with RVUs maintains model performance while decreasing overall model complexity in the prediction of surgical case length.
Change in exposure of children to second-hand smoke with impact on children’s health and change in parental smoking habits after smoking ban in Bavaria – a multiple cross-sectional study.
Authors: Sharkawy Mohammed El , Weinberger Alisa , Kutzora Susanne , Huß Jonas , Hendrowarsito Lana , Nennstiel Uta , Heinze Stefanie , Herr Caroline 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Concerns about smoking displacement from public places to private amenities aroused following smoking ban implementation in Bavaria in 2008. We analysed children’s exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) before and after the ban, its effect on children’s health and prevalence of active smoking in adults. Methods: Six cross-sectional surveys (n=32,443) on pre-school children in Bavaria were analysed, two surveys before the smoking ban in years 2004 and 2005 (S1 and S2) and four after the ban in 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2016 (S4, S6, S7 and S8). Using multivariate logistic regression, we analysed change in children’s SHS exposure and its adverse health effects (Asthma, wheezing, bronchitis and neurodermatitis) as well as change in parental active smoking. Results: Odds of parents never smoking at home in presence of children increased significantly from before to after the ban with odds ratios (OR) 1.17 (CI 95% 1.01 – 1.35), 1.65 (CI 95% 1.39 – 1.95), 2.85 (CI 95% 2.32 – 3.51), 2.24 (CI 95% 1.84 – 2.72) and 3.66 (CI 95% 2.89 – 4.63) for S2, S4, S6, S7 and S8, respectively with S1 as reference. Compared to S4, odds of parents not actively smoking is significantly higher in S7 (OR= 1.13 (CI 95% 1.03 – 1.24)) and S8 (OR= 1.24 (CI 95% 1.13 – 1.36)). Adverse health effects related to children’s exposure to SHS are significantly less in S8 compared to S1. Conclusion: Smoking displacement to homes after the ban in Bavaria was disproved. Number of parents quitting smoking is increasing over time. Prevalence of health problems in children related to exposure to SHS is decreasing.