bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of topical agents in primary open angle glaucoma- latanoprost versus combination of latanoprost & timolol maleate
Authors: Prasad Mukta , Agarwal Shilpi , Satapathy Sugyani 
Published: October 2021

This prospective drug trial was done to compare latanoprost versus combination therapy of latanoprost and timolol maleate. Patient were screened for primary open angle glaucoma and grouped as per pharmacological drugs used and measured IOP baseline before initiation of study. Group I consisting all patients with latanoprost monotherapy and Group II consisting of patients already using either latanoprost or timolol. Further A,B & C was assigned as per IOP baseline. In group I (Monotherapy), 28 patients were completed the follow up. The mean baseline IOP was 27.4 millimeter of Hg with standard deviation of 2.59. After 12 weeks of study, mean IOP was 19.66 millimeter of Hg with SD of 2.76. Mean IOP difference from baseline was 7.4 millimeter of Hg. So fall of 27.3% in IOP from pre-treatment level. In group II (Combination therapy), 19 patients were completed the follow up. The mean baseline IOP was 27.35 millimeter of Hg with standard deviation of 2.6. After 12 weeks of study mean IOP difference from baseline was 8.1 millimeter of Hg with SD of 2.0 millimeter of Hg i.e. a fall of 29.63% in IOP from pre-treatment level. Combination therapy fared slightly better that Latanoprost alone in overall pressure reduction.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ASOSIATIF EKS PENDERITA KUSTA DI DUSUN SUMBERGLAGAH, KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO
Authors: Anggoro Rena Ratri , Qomaruddin Mochammad Bagus 
Published: October 2021

Ex-leprosy patients still got stigma and discrimination from community although they had been cured. The stigma from community has been raising psychological and social problems that can affect their social interaction. This study aimed to describe associative social interactions of ex-leprosy patients in Sumberglagah Village of Mojokerto Regency based on the concept of social health aspect. The study employed descriptive qualitative method with the data collection techniques including observation, interview, and documentation. The instrument used in this study was interview guidelines. In this case, interview was conducted with 11 informants consisting of 8 ex leprosy patients as informants and 3 public figures as key informants. Informants were chosen based on characteristics that had been determined by the researcher. Besides, aspects examined in this study included cooperation, accommodation, and assimilation between ex-leprosy patients and other communities. Data were analyzed through several phases including reduction, data presentation, and drawing the conclusion. The results showed that first, the form of coorporation occurring between ex-leprosy patients and other communities was a bargaining process. Second, accomodation that occurred between ex-leprosy patients and other communities was tolerance. In this circumstance, ex-leprosy patients served the other communities with wrapped drinks and foods. Third, the assimilation aspect was marriage. It could be concluded from the study that the associative interactions that occurred couldrealize the patterns of good social interaction to support the realization of goodsocial health conditions for ex-leprosy patients in Sumberglagah Village.
Interrelation of types of separate forms of logic and linguistic models and types of sentences of natural language
Authors: Vavilenkova Anastasiia 
Published: October 2021

The article proposes an apparatus of logic and linguistic modeling for extracting knowledge from electronic text documents. Different types of forms of logic and linguistic models have been singled out for the formalized representation of complex sentences of natural language. The author formulates the rules and carries out the classification of separate forms of logic and linguistic models depending on syntactic constructions of sentences natural language. Such separate forms of logic and linguistic models are templates with certain logical operations, which are used depending on the punctuation marks and connecting words applied in sentences. The specific order of simple predicates depends on the logical connections between simple sentences in the structure of the complex one. This allows to develop an algorithm for further analysis of textual information and its recovery from formal models of knowledge representation. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 12 titles.
HCMV UL24 and UL43 Genes may Facilitate Immune Evasion through Viral miR-UL59 Regulation
Authors: SIRWAN SLEMAN , Saeed Nahla Muhammad , Dyary Hiwa Othman 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
UL24 and UL43 are two tegument proteins of the US22 family of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The role of these two proteins is poorly understood, especially in host cellular interaction. Using co-immunoprecipitation and protein-identification by mass spectrometry, we characterized some intracellular proteins that are complex with viral UL24 and UL43 proteins. We identified that these two viral proteins could interact with each other and also with host cellular proteins, Dicer, and TRBP, which are important cofactors to regulate the biogenesis of the cellular miRNAs. The knockout of these two genes has significantly crippled the expression of HCMV miR-UL59 in the infected cells. Besides, the depletion of these viral genes has increased the mRNA expression of the UL16 binding protein 1 (ULBP1), a target gene of miR-UL59, which is a cell surface glycoprotein present on Natural Killer (NK) cells and other immune cells. These data indicate that UL24 and UL43 proteins may affect the expression of ULBP1 by regulating miR-UL59 to prevent the recognition of infected cells by the immune cells and thus may facilitate HCMV immune evasion. This study provides some theoretical basis for the future development of RNA-targeted small molecules to control HCMV infection.
Identification of Potential Biomarkers for the Prognosis, Diagnosis, and Targeted Therapy in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Fang , Li Qiang , Wang Jinglin , Wang Yumei , Wang Zhendi , Zeng Fang , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common renal cell carcinoma types. This work aims to find potential diagnostic biomarkers and explore the biological functions related to the prognosis of KIRC. Method: First, Gene expression profiles of GSE15641, GSE72304, GSE71963, GSE53757, and GSE36895 from GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the limma package in R software. Next, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed. Then protein-protein interaction (PPI) and hub genes were visualized by Cytoscape with STRING database. Then, we evaluate the predictive potential of hub genes expressions in KIRC with TCGA data. In addition, the relevant biological functions were identified using GSEA. Finally, we examined the differences of hub genes expression between multiple tumor tissues and normal tissues.Results: A total of 141 DEGs (including 99 upregulated and 42 downregulated genes) were identified. GO analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly involved in oxidation-reduction process and response to hypoxia. The KEGG analysis primarily related to PPAR signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. Moreover, the PPI analysis revealed 5 hub genes (AOX1, ALDH6A1, ABAT, HADH, and PCCA). The 5 hub genes were significantly correlated with KIRC progression and might have prognostic significance for KIPC patients. And low expression of the hub genes associated biological pathways were enriched in the NF-KB activation, focal adhesion, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that AOX1, ALDH6A1, ABAT, HADH, and PCCA can be used as prognostic biomarkers for KIRC.
Statistical Evaluation of RCM’s Performances in simulation of Climate variables at Upper Awash Basin, Case study of Akaki Catchment
Authors: Tumsa Bekan Chelkeba 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The main focus of this study was to investigate and evaluate the Performance of Four Regional Climate Models irrespective of their capability in simulating mean precipitation and Temperature. In this fact and concern, the evaluation of those climate models was basically on how they simulate mean annual climatology, annual cycle and interannual variability of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature over the entire catchment. All observed data used for the baseline period of 1980-2006 was obtained from Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency and RCM data was extracted from CORDEX-Africa-44 using grid points. RCM shows significant bias and almost all of them simulate those climate variables' at different levels. In the analysis of the annual cycle of precipitation during the summer season, all RCM was underestimated. However, RACMO22T and RCA4 show better adjustment at the simulation of both precipitation and Temperatures despite their significant bias. The bias was deliberately associated with the higher error in simulating maximum and minimum temperature at the highest topography found at sebeta and Addis Ababa catchments. The inter-annual variability of precipitations and temperature was shown as great evidence where the region is under the impact of climate change specifically when the trend of annual projected temperature shown incremental modality. As far as concern the mean climatology analysis by statistical parameters, almost all models perform nearly equal excluding the seasonal point of view in which RCMs performed quite differently during season analysis. In all aspects and evidence by statistically evaluated output realize that RACMO22T and RCA4 were better performed at upper awash catchments although some of their bias and uncertainty were available. Generally, the performance of Regional climate models was different at different catchments along with the specified locations and topographies. Furthermore, the seasonal analysis over Akaki catchment indicates that climate models were more capable of simulating wet season than dry.
Roles of mTOR-regulating GTPases in regulating drug resistance in senescence-like hepatoma cells
Authors: Jiang Wei , Ou Zhenglin , Zhu Qin , Yao Yuanbing , Zai Hongyan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can arrest cancer cells in a senescence-like state, which can lead to therapy resistance and cancer relapse. Despite the cell cycle arrest, senescence-like cells have persistent mTOR activity that is insensitive to nutrient starvation. The mechanisms and functions of mTOR activation in senescence-like cells remains unclear. mTOR is regulated by several small GTPases including the lysosome-localized Rag complex, ER-Golgi-localized Arf1 and Rab1, and endosome-localized Rab5. In this study, we knocked down these GTPases in both proliferating and senescence-like HepG2 cells induced by X-ray radiation. We then compared mTOR activity and drug resistance to MEK inhibitors. We also examined the roles of autophagy and lysosomal activity in mTOR activation. In addition, by analyzing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we studied the relationship between the expression levels of these GTPases and the survival of liver hepatoma carcinoma (LIHC) patients. Our results showed that although all GTPases were required for optimal mTOR activation in proliferating HepG2 cells, only Rag is required in senescent-like counterparts. Consistently, the drug resistance of senescent-like cells can be reduced by knocking down of Rag but not other GTPases. Autophagic and lysosomal activity were increased in senescent cells; pharmacological inhibition of autophagy-lysosome decreased mTOR activity and preferentially sensitized the senescence-like HepG2 cells to MEK inhibitors. Therefore, recycling of intracellular materials could be a key mechanism to maintain mTOR activity and promote drug resistance in senescence-like state. In LIHC patients, expression of Rag but not Rab5 or Arf1 was associated with unfavorable prognosis. Our study therefore has defined a key role of Rag GTPase in mediating mTOR activation and drug resistance in senescent-like HepG2 cells, which could have important implications in developing second-line treatments for liver cancer.
Diagnostic Challenges Encountered When Predicting Patterns of Adult Kawasaki Disease; A Case Report.
Authors: Sandio Aubin , Reji Christina , Asare Smart , Ayers Eric , Shajahan Asha , Debrah Silas Yeboah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The study of medicine has always awed researchers and allowed for quality scientific discoveries. According to several studies, Kawasaki Disease (KD) typically presents in both adults and children with signs and symptoms of; conjunctivitis, fever (for ≥ five days), pharyngitis as well as skin erythema that advances to desquamatory rash that does not spare the palms and soles in many cases. However, marginally minimal amount of studies has investigated symptoms particularly in adults. The purpose is to report diagnostic challenges that happened our way as we tried diagnosing a rare adult case of Kawasaki Disease in an 18-year-old male with no significant past medical history or physical features to suggest KD. The aim of reporting this case was to highlight the difficulty in diagnosing KD but stressing the importance of managing inflammatory symptoms first especially in young adults with ≥ 5 days of high fevers.
Effect of Variable Levels of Metabolisable Energy and Metabolisable Protein On Growth, Immunity and Health Performance in Male Murrah Buffalo Calves (Bubalus Bubalis)
Authors: Chauhan Prince , Malik Raman , Shambhvi Shambhvi , Dey Dipak , Bashir Zahid 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In calve nutrition; malnutrition is still the one of the limiting factor in developing countries (Olafadehan and Adewumi 2009). Poor nutrition and imbalance nutrition supply primarily effects health and production of the animal which rendered the animal to reach its maximum genetic potential level. To understand the effects of different level of dietary energy and protein on health and immunity of the ruminant, the present study was considered to investigate the effects of different levels of ME and MP on body weight changes, dry matter intake, feed conversation efficiency and various immunity and health parameters. For growth trial, Twenty four calves were divided into four groups with six animals (n = 6) in each group. All animals were fed individually and for feeding four types of concentrates were prepared; Treatment 1 (control, in accordance with ICAR 2013 feeding standard), Treatment 2 (T2, 30% extra metabolisable energy above ICAR 2013 feeding standard), Treatment 3 (30% extra metabolisable protein above ICAR 2013 feeding standard) and T4 (30% extra metabolisable protein and 30% extra metabolisable energy). The growth trial was conducted for 12 months and during this trial period dry matter intake was measured daily, body weight measured fortnightly and blood was collected on monthly interval for evaluating blood immunity parameters. There was no significant alteration in average body weight changes when compared between groups. The overall mean of total DMI (kg) for T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were 6.86 ± 0.49, 6.49 ± 0.49, 6.66 ± 0.51 and 6.68 ± 0.48 respectively. There was no significant variation in GPx, SOD, catalase, cortisol and IgG due to different levels of ME and MP. The study outcomes states providing higher energy and protein did not caused any stress and any alteration in various health parameters in Murrah buffalo calves during growth period.
Revealing Protein-Level Functional Redundancy in the Human Gut Microbiome using Ultra-deep Metaproteomics
Authors: Li Leyuan , Ning Zhibin , Zhang Xu , Butcher James , Simopoulos Caitlin , Mayne Janice , Stintzi Alain , Mack David , Liu Yang-Yu , Figeys Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Functional redundancy is a key property of ecosystems and represents the fact that phylogenetically unrelated taxa can play similar functional roles within an ecosystem. The redundancy of potential functions (or DNA-level functional redundancy) of human microbiomes has been recently quantified using metagenomics data. Yet, the redundancy of functions that are actually expressed in the human microbiome has never been quantitatively explored. Here, we quantify the protein-level functional redundancy in the human gut microbiome for the first time using metaproteomics and network approaches. In particular, our ultra-deep metaproteomics approach revealed high protein-level functional redundancy in the human gut microbiome and high nestedness in the corresponding proteomic content networks (i.e., the bipartite graphs connecting taxa to their expressed functions). However, due to selective functional expression, the protein-level functional redundancy is lower than the DNA-level functional redundancy in the human gut microbiome. Using a consumer-resource population dynamics model, we found that such a selective functional expression contributes to the high richness and diversity in the assembled microbial communities. We further examined multiple metaproteomics datasets and showed that various environmental factors, including individuality, biogeography, xenobiotics, and disease, significantly affect the protein-level functional redundancy. In particular, inflammation and several xenobiotics significantly diminish the protein-level functional redundancy. Finally, by projecting the bipartite proteomic content networks into the unipartite functional similarity networks of genera, we discovered functional hub genera across individual microbiomes, suggesting that there may be a universal principle of functional organization in microbiome assembly.
Effect of Additional Energy Supplement on the Productive Performance of Lactating Murrah Buffaloes
Authors: Yadav Danveer Singh , Lakhani G.P. , Baghel R.P.S. , Roy B. , Mishra A. , Nanavati S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Energy is one of the most important nutritional factor that limit the production of dairy animals. It has been observed that the productivity of dairy animals are adversely affected because of lack of providing sufficient ration in early lactation stage which results into weight loss, anemia and various reproductive and metabolic disorders. Maximizing energy intake by increasing the energy density of the diet is a logical feeding strategy for early lactating buffaloes. Considering the need of energy in high yielding lactating animals especially in their early stage of lactation, the experiment was planned to investigate the effect of additional energy supplement (5% additional concentrate, soybean oil @ 100 ml/animal/day, bypass fat @ 100 g/animal/day and roasted soybean @ 100 g/animal/day) on productive performance of 30 apparently healthy lactating Murrah buffaloes for a period of 90 days post partum. Milk yield were recorded at monthly intervals and milk composition was analyzed at fortnight intervals. The average fat percent in milk has increased significantly (p < 0.05) throughout the study period in all the groups. There was no significant difference in the overall average protein, lactose, SNF and total solids percent were observed among the groups.
Identification and Screening of Novel Anti-Cancer Compound For Aurora Kinase A From Chemical Database
Authors: Singh Ipsa A. , Lokhande Kiran Bharat , Swamy K. Venkateswara 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aurora kinase, a group of enzymes that belongs to a serine-threonine family and plays a critical role in cellular division. Aurora Kinase A is overexpressed and distributed beyond the nucleus and is involved in tumorigenesis. So, Aurora Kinase A is used as a drug target for cancer. Flavones are a class of flavonoids that are present in plants that show anticancer activity. Hence, the study will be on molecular binding modes between the derivative compounds of flavone-containing fluoro groups and the Aurora kinase A. Similar compounds of 2’Fluoroflavones are retrieved from the PubChem database. Then drug-like filters viz. REOS and PAINS were applied to remove toxic compounds using Canvas software. 3882 compounds are filtered, and 2449 compounds were obtained and are used as ligands with Aurora Kinase protein (PDB ID: 2J47) as a target, docking was done using Glide (Schrödinger) software. The lead compound among the above compounds was selected on the merit of hydrogen bonding, salt bridge as well as pi-pi interactions, 4-(6-Fluoro-4-oxychromen-2yl) benzoic acid has been found one of the best molecules from docking studies. The binding mode of the lead compound with AURKA reveals that the amino acid residues viz, Lys162, Ala213, and His280 are more important for binding, and having the best binding energy (-11.760 kcal/mol) was noted among the ligand datasets. Then resulted Enrichment calculations is suggesting that the docking protocol is validated because the Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve shows R2 = 0.99. 100ns MD simulations of Aurora Kinase A and lead compounds confirm thermodynamic stability as compared to standard compounds. The molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns were done, which shows that the mean RMSD value of 1.77 Å for all 3 complexes of the protein and Fluoroflavone and its analogs. This shows that Fluoroflavone and its 2 best analogs are tightly attached to the active sites and thus having conformational stability. Our finding suggests that 4-(6-fluoro-4-oxochromen-2-yl)benzoic acid and 4-(4-Oxochromen-2-yl)benzoate can be further used in vitro and in vivo experiments and can probably serve as a novel drug for cancer treatment.
Investigation on Characteristics of Liquid and Hydrochar Products from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Oily Scum at Different Temperatures
Authors: Deng Shuanghui , Yu Shilin , Tan Houzhang , Wang Xuebin , Lu Xuchao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology for upgrading organic substances with high moisture content. The characteristics of liquid and hydrochar products derived from oily scum at the different HTC temperatures were investigated in this study. The increase of HTC temperature resulted in a significant color shift of liquid from light yellow to strong yellow. The liquid uptake of hydrochar increased significantly with the increase of HTC temperature. SEM showed that there exhibited an irregular pit structure in hydrochars. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that high carbonization temperature of oily scum could improve the combustion characteristics of hydrochars. The comprehensive combustion properties were positively correlated with HTC temperature. The overall results of hydrochar combustion study showed that the activation energy of hydrochars decreased gradually with an increase in HTC temperature. This study provides a sustainable and promising treatment to reuse oily scum and suggests the possible fuel utilization of subsequent hydrochar product.
Base Isolation Compared To Capacity Design For Large Corner Periods And Pulse-Type Seismic Records
Authors: Köber Dietlinde , Semrau Paul , Weber Felix 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Southern Romania experiences special soil conditions, leading to rather long corner periods and to an enlarged plateau of the response spectrum, with associated large displacement demands. Pulse-type ground acceleration records complete this unique seismic area. Research on the seismic behavior of structures built under these special conditions is limited and engineers are not comfortable with alternative solutions such as base isolation. This study investigates the seismic performance of a hospital building with the following two anti-seismic solutions: 1) stiffening, in line with the capacity design method and 2) base isolation. Base shear, structural drift and structural acceleration are compared for both approaches.