bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Položaj i značaj otoka Mljeta u razdoblju rimske uprave / The position and importance of the island of Mljet in the Roman period
Authors: Hebib Mirza 
Published: November 2021

Mljet (Latin: Melita) is eighth island in Croatia by size, one of the largest south Dalmatian islands and Dubrovnik archipelago’s largest island. Due to its beauty and living standard, the island of Mljet has a rich but insufficiently explored history. The remains of a Roman palace in Polače, according to which the place got its Slavicized name, bear witness of a strong Roman influence and the period of progress of the island of Mljet. The palace in Polače is certainly the most important Roman-period monument on the island. It was built as a villa rustica. Together with Diocletian’s Palace in Split, it represents the largest Roman monument on the entire territory of Dalmatia. The port in Polače is quite hidden and as such offered protection to ships and served as dilivery port for agricultural produce from the entire Roman empire. In the Roman period, this palace served as a headquarters of island’s governor, military, administration and clergy. All previous research suggest that this settlement was inhabited from 1st to 11th century with all the features of an ancient and early medieval town. Using previously analyzed sources and available literature, the paper tries to point out the importance and position of the island during the Roman period. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of two legal acts - the charter of the German army chief and the barbarian king of Italy Odoacer, from the second half of the 5th century and the fragment of the testament of an unknown testator from the mid VI century, within which, in the period of a century, is mentioned the same amount of yield (earnings) from the island of Mljet.
E-Leadership: Lessons Learned from Teleworking in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mourão Luciana , da Silva Abbad Gardênia , Legentil Juliana 
Published: November 2021

During the pandemic crisis, teleworking was compulsory for many workers, without the time and conditions to organize themselves for this transition. Therefore, the leadership needs to respond quickly to changes that occur in times of crisis—such as the current pandemic—adjusting its competencies to prioritize the well-being of employees, define performance goals, follow-up on these goals, provide guidance and support teleworkers, and improve feedback processes. The present study aims to propose an e-leadership theoretical model based on lessons learned from the coronavirus pandemic. To that end, we describe and discuss a survey on the perceptions of support received from managers during the initial 3 months of the pandemic. For this purpose, we collected data with 7608 workers distributed to 95 public service organizations in Brazil. In addition, we also reviewed several empirical studies that assessed the role of leadership in the proper functioning of telework. The support of leaders is directly associated with the theory of organizational support. In moments of crisis like the current one, this focus on leadership is even more critical. Thus, we present a theoretical model for e-leadership that should expand from the telework experiences during the coronavirus pandemic.
Patellofemoral Instability
Authors: V. Patel Deepak , M. Dávila Castrodad Iciar , Kurowicki Jennifer , K. McInerney Vincent , J. Scillia Anthony 
Published: November 2021

Recurrent patellofemoral instability is a common cause of knee pain and functional disability in adolescent and young adult patients, resulting in loss of time from work and sports. There are numerous factors that contribute to recurrent patellofemoral instability; these factors include tear of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), weakening or hypoplasia of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), trochlear dysplasia, increased tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance (>20 mm), valgus malalignment, increased Q angle, malrotation secondary to internal femoral or external tibial torsion, patella alta, and generalized ligamentous laxity. A detailed history and a thorough physical examination are crucial to clinch an early, accurate diagnosis. Imaging studies play an important role to confirm the clinical diagnosis and also help to identify concomitant intra-articular pathologies. Initially, nonoperative management (including the use of physical therapy, patellar taping or brace) is offered to patients with acute, first-time patellar dislocations and most patients respond well to this mode of treatment. Surgical treatment is indicated for patients who have post-trauma osteochondral fracture or loose body; predisposing anatomical risk factors; recurrent, symptomatic instability; and who have failed an adequate trial of nonoperative management. Surgical treatments include MPFL reconstruction, proximal or distal realignment procedures, and trochleoplasty. Lateral release is often performed in combination with other procedures and seldom performed as an isolated procedure. An individualized case-by-case approach is recommended based on the underlying anatomical risk factors and radiographic abnormality.
A fault-intrusion-tolerant system and deadline-aware algorithm for scheduling scientific workflow in the cloud
Authors: Farid Mazen , Latip Rohaya , Hussin Masnida , Abdul Hamid Nor Asilah Wati 
Published: November 2021

Background
Recent technological developments have enabled the execution of more scientific solutions on cloud platforms. Cloud-based scientific workflows are subject to various risks, such as security breaches and unauthorized access to resources. By attacking side channels or virtual machines, attackers may destroy servers, causing interruption and delay or incorrect output. Although cloud-based scientific workflows are often used for vital computational-intensive tasks, their failure can come at a great cost.

Methodology
To increase workflow reliability, we propose the Fault and Intrusion-tolerant Workflow Scheduling algorithm (FITSW). The proposed workflow system uses task executors consisting of many virtual machines to carry out workflow tasks. FITSW duplicates each sub-task three times, uses an intermediate data decision-making mechanism, and then employs a deadline partitioning method to determine sub-deadlines for each sub-task. This way, dynamism is achieved in task scheduling using the resource flow. The proposed technique generates or recycles task executors, keeps the workflow clean, and improves efficiency. Experiments were conducted on WorkflowSim to evaluate the effectiveness of FITSW using metrics such as task completion rate, success rate and completion time.

Results
The results show that FITSW not only raises the success rate by about 12%, it also improves the task completion rate by 6.2% and minimizes the completion time by about 15.6% in comparison with intrusion tolerant scientific workflow ITSW system.
Effect of Nitrogen and Foliar Application of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on Growth and Yield of Baby corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Rao Kagitha Sudharshan , Singh Shikha , Chandra K. Ravi , Dawson Joy 
Published: November 2021

The experiment entitled effect of nitrogen and foliar application of naphthaleneacetic acid on growth and yield of Baby corn (Zea mays L.) was conducted during the Rabi season of 2020 at the Fodder Production Farm of Livestock Research Station, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Lam Farm, Guntur. Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with 10treatments and each replicated thrice. Treatments consisted of a combination of three levels of nitrogen (60.0, 90.0, 120.0kg/ha) and three levels of naphthalene acetic acid (20,40,60 ppm). It was found that an application of 120 kg Nitrogen/ha as basal along with foliar spray of 40 ppm naphthalene acetic acid at 25 and 35 days after sowing, was the most suitable treatment for obtaining growth and yield attributes such as plant height (177.60 cm), number of leaves (11.33), plant dry weight (113.58g/plant), chlorophyll content (68.43), Leaf Area Index (8.65) and green fodder yield (20333 kg/ha) with net return (83,701.88 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (1.68). On the basis of one-year experimentation it is concluded that the application of 120 kg Nitrogen/ha + 40 ppm naphthalene acetic acid, on baby corn improved cob yield by 25 % and was found more productive than the recommended dose of fertilizer.
To Assess the Common Psychosocial Problems among Women with Alcoholic Spouse
Authors: Vanlalpeka Samuel , Kasturkar Pooja , Gawai Jaya 
Published: November 2021

Background: Misuse of alcohol is the most leading bewildering problem, that cast off the happiness of many families with all their possessions, which further can lead to a severe mental problem for themselves as well as their wife and their innocent children who even doesn’t face the real world. It is a fact that the wife and children, who had suffered while their fathers gave up their everything.
Objective: 1) To assess the common psychosocial problems among women with alcoholic spouses. 2) To associate common psychosocial problems score among women of the alcoholic spouse with their demographic variables.
Methodology: It is a quantitative research approach study, and it will be conducted among 100 women with an alcoholic spouse in both outpatient and inpatient psychiatric departments at Acharya Vinoba Bhava Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha. A structured knowledge questionnaire will be used to collect the data.
Expected Outcome: It is expected that there will increase mental health problems for the spouses of alcoholic patients regarding depression, anxiety, their physical and mental well-being, and their financial conditions.
Conclusions: Alcohol-related problems are not a recent problem faced by their spouse; it is a problem that remains for a long-time. This study thus will provide recent data regarding the problem faced by the spouse of an alcoholic.
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Noonan Syndrome among Nursing Students
Authors: Alnewar Pragati , Singh Seema , Tembhare Vaishali 
Published: November 2021

Background: Noonan syndrome is a genetic multisystem disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delay, learning difficulties, short stature, congenital heart disease, renal anomalies, lymphatic malformation and bleeding difficulties, mutations that cause Noonan syndrome alter genes encoding proteins with roles in the RAS-MAPK pathway, leading to pathway dysregulation. estimated prevalence of Noonan syndrome 1 in 1000-2500. Nursing student having insufficient knowledge regarding Noonan syndrome most responders perceive serious deficiencies in their preparation to care such patients As genetic advances increasingly impact nursing care, nurses are expected to have necessary knowledge to interpret genetic and genomic information and technology with translation into nursing care. The aim of the study is to aware a future nurse for Noonan syndrome, carrying the role of counsellor, care manager and teacher for patient and their families’ nurses will have an opportunity to expand as well as to create new leadership role in health care. Therefore, the development of educational program for nursing knowledge is essential for future nurses.
Objectives:

To assess the existing knowledge level regarding Noonan Syndrome among Basic B.Sc. nursing students.
To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding Noonan syndrome among Basic B.Sc. nursing students.
To associate posttest knowledge score with selected demographic variable.

Materials and Methods: A one group pre-test and post-test design was adopted to assess the existing knowledge level regarding Noonan Syndrome among Basic B.Sc. nursing students. In this study, evaluatory research approach will be used. convenient sampling technique will be used to collect data. Pre-test will be conducted to assessed primarily for the existing knowledge level regarding Noonan Syndrome among Basic B.Sc. nursing students. And then planned teaching on Noonan syndrome will be given to selected sample by researcher as intervention. Post-test outcomes involve evaluation of effectiveness of planned teaching.
Expected Results: This study is planned to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding Noonan syndrome among nursing students. Conducting planned teaching will be effective for improving knowledge of the respondents.
Measurement Extraction using Fuzzy Set Rule for Segmented Features of Brain Tumor in T-1 & T-2 Weighted Images
Authors: Singh Manini , Nigam Vineeta Saxena 
Published: November 2021

Aims: For neuro radiologist it becomes hard to accumulate features with minute dissimilarity in plenty of cases, so it is hard to make a correct decision. Therefore, the need is to generate some rules for prediction of degree of malignancy in tumors.
Design: The pre-operative analysis of brain lesion is based on magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data set. Analysis of MRI finding and medical data set gives the relationship between regular pattern & interpretable pattern to acquire desired degree of malignancy. Until now the edge detection, segmentation and morphological operators are used to detect exact location of brain tumor. As uncertainty exits; here fuzzy set rules are evaluated to predict the degree by which a benign tumor is converted into malignant tumor.
Methods: Fuzzy extraction theory has been applied along with image progressing algorithms like edge detection; segmentation and morphological operation based on spectral transformation are used to detect exact location of brain tumor to predict the degree malignancy. Step of Image analysis: a) Preprocessing: input 2D gif or tiff image b) Filtering of image using Anisodiff filter c) Thresholding, applying morphological operators and tumor line detection.
Statistical Analysis used: A diagnostic feature includes blood flow, mass effect, temperature, calcification, edema, signal intensity & so on. Numerous features can be taken into consideration for better outcome.
Results: Fuzzy set rule is one of the promising methods along with MR finding to achieve accuracy higher than 85% by considering few of the medical symptoms on different features.
Conclusions: This research is limited to specific region and type of glioma and thus cannot deal heterogeneous cases in which situation is much complicated. The result evaluated here are usually retroactive. As studied, by analyzing signal intensity of T-1 & T-2 weighted image alone, accuracy of 60-70% has been achieved. So in order to get higher accuracy feature like cyst generation, oedema, blood supply are included to achieve 85% accuracy.
Transition of Pharmaceutical Regulations: The New Regulatory Era after Brexit
Authors: Ankit Trivedi , Shrikalp Deshpande , Maitreyi Zaveri , Kumar Jain Praveen , Kiran Kolhe 
Published: November 2021

Aims: The current research paper describes the regulatory changes in different pharmaceutical sectors, which are affected after the Brexit and build new guidelines that were derived from the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
Study Design: Retrospective and concurrent review were employed to get idea regarding the regulatory changes in various pharmaceutical sectors that took place after dissimilation of Europe and Britain.
Place and Duration of Study: The present study was carried out at Amneal Pharmaceutical Ltd., from January 2021 to April 2021.
Methodology: On January 1, 2021, the MHRA had published a library of new guidance that applied as the transition period came to an end. This guidance covers the various sectors of pharmaceuticals like Clinical trials, medical devices, Importing and Exporting of pharmaceuticals, Legislation, New licensing, Pharmacovigilance and Pediatrics, which are affected due to Brexit.
Results: The MHRA laid out the future BRITAIN requirements for registering clinical trials, legal representation and importing Investigational Medicinal Products (IMPs) after the end of the Brexit, Pediatric Investigation Plan (PIP) must be included in an application for BRITAIN marketing authorization (MA). Change in Licensing procedure and the Innovative licensing and access Pathway (ILAP) provides opportunities for enhanced regulatory and other stakeholder input, including interactions with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Early Access to Medicines Scheme (NICE.EAMS) providing access to unlicensed, promising treatments to patients who have life threatening or rare disease indications.
Conclusion: To ensure the new approach builds on our previous success and exploits the opportunities that arise from Brexit, the industrial strategy should adopt a sophisticated supply chain view to develop an empirical base for pragmatic, joined up policies to help pharmaceutical sector grow. These policies and support will drive the BRITAIN’s pharmaceutical sector in a Post-Brexit era.
Effect of Avarai Kudineer on α- Amylase and α- Glucosidase Inhibition: A Preclinical Antidiabetic Study
Authors: Rajalakshmi K. , Shanmugapriya P. , Christian G. J. , Gladys R. Jeeva 
Published: November 2021

In recent years there has been a mounting interest towards the traditional medicine globally for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Avarai Kudineer (AK) is a Siddha classical polyherbal formulation that has been indicated for the management of Diabetes mellitus in Siddha literature. The goal of the present study is to provide an in-vitro evidence for the antidiabetic potential of Avarai Kudineer in terms of inhibiting the carbohydrate digesting enzymes alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase. Aavirai Kudineer (1/4) was prepared by boiling the ingredients weighed 20g in 80ml and reduced to 20ml and filtered according to the decoction preparation method as indicted in the Siddha literature. The filtrate was dissolved in DMSO to make stock solution and serially diluted to make different concentrations ranging from 10,20,40,80 and 100 µg/ml. The triplicates (n=3) were maintained. The invitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition of AK sample was compared with standard drug acarbose and the IC 50 value was calculated.The data was statistically analysed and expressed as Mean ± SD (n=3). The results showed that AK had maximum activity towards the inhibition of the enzyme alpha amylase (59.83± 7.10) and alpha glucosidase (71.94 ± 1.22) when compared with the standard acarbose81.42± 5.51 and 91.59 ±12.79respectively. The results reveal that the test drug AK has appreciable alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity.
Evaluation of a two‐dimensional diode array for patient‐specific quality assurance of HyperArc
Authors: Popple Richard A. , Sullivan Rodney J. , Yuan Yuan , Wu Xingen , Covington Elizabeth L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate a two‐dimensional diode array for patient‐specific quality assurance of VMAT stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) plans.MethodsThe diode array, an SRS MapCHECK (SRSMC), was composed of a 77 mm ×77 mm face‐centered array having a spacing of 2.47 mm. Sixty SRS plans were selected from our clinical database, 30 for treatment of a single target and 30 for multiple targets. The target sizes ranged from 2.4 mm to 44.7 mm equivalent diameter (median 8.7 mm). The plans were delivered to the diode array. For multiple target plans, two measurements were obtained at two locations, one corresponding to the largest target and the other to the smallest target. Gamma using a 3%/1 mm criteria and the dose to the center diode were compared with radiochromic film (RCF). Dose to selected regions of the detector electronics was calculated.ResultsThe mean difference between the center diode and RCF was −1.2%. For a threshold of at least 95% of detectors/pixels having gamma < 1 for a 3%/1 mm criteria, SRSMC and RCF gave consistent results for 79 of the 90 measurements. For plans with an arc having a patient support angle of 90° or 270°, the median dose to the electronics was 0.65% of the prescription dose.ConclusionsSRSMC is an efficient tool for accurate patient‐specific quality assurance of VMAT single and multiple target radiosurgery, yielding similar clinical decisions as radiochromic film.
Delineation of prostatic calcification using quantitative susceptibility mapping: Spatial accuracy for magnetic resonance‐only radiotherapy planning
Authors: Kan Hirohito , Tsuchiya Takahiro , Yamada Masato , Kunitomo Hiroshi , Kasai Harumasa , Shibamoto Yuta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo investigate the spatial accuracy of delineating prostatic calcifications by quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in comparison with computed tomography (CT), we conducted phantom and human studies. Five differently‐sized spherical hydroxyapatites mimicking prostatic calcification (pseudo‐calcification) were arranged in the order of their sizes at the center of a plastic container filled with gelatin. This calcification phantom underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including the multiple spoiled gradient‐echo sequences (SPGR) for the QSM and CT as a reference. The volume of each pseudo‐calcification and center‐to‐center distance between the pseudo‐calcifications delineated by QSM and CT were measured. In the human study, eight patients with prostate cancer who underwent radiation therapy and had some prostatic calcifications were included. The patients underwent CT and SPGR and modified DIXON sequence for MR‐only simulation. The hybrid QSM processing combined with the complex signals in the SPGR and water and fat fraction maps estimated from the modified DIXON sequence were used to reconstruct the pelvic susceptibility map in humans. The threshold of CT numbers was set at 130 HU, while the QSM images were manually segmented in the calcification phantom and human studies. In the phantom study, there was an excellent agreement in the pseudo‐calcification volumes between QSM and CT (y = 1.02x – 7.38, R2 = 0.99). The signal profiles had similar trends in CT and QSM. The center‐to‐center distances between the pseudo‐calcifications in the phantom were also identical in QSM and CT. The calcification volumes were almost identical between the QSM and CT in the human study (y = 0.95x – 9.32, R2 = 1.00). QSM can offer geometric and volumetric accuracies to delineate prostatic calcifications, similar to CT. The prostatic calcification delineated by QSM may facilitate image‐guided radiotherapy in the MR‐only simulation workflow.
Co3O4 Nanowires Capable of Discharging Low Voltage Electricity Showing Potent Antibacterial Activity for Treatment of Bacterial Skin Infection
Authors: Li Chengnan , Li Zongshao , Zeng Yinxiang , Cao Xianshuo , Zhao Huimin , Yang Yi Yan , Yuan Peiyan , Lu Xihong , Ding Xin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOveruse of antibiotics has led to multidrug resistance in bacteria, posing a tremendous challenge to the healthcare system. There is an urgent need to explore unconventional strategies to overcome this issue. Herein, for the first time, we report a capacitive Co3O4 nanowire (NW) electrode coated on flexible carbon cloth, which is capable of eliminating bacteria while discharging, for the treatment of skin infection. Benefiting from the unique NW‐like morphology, the Co3O4 NW electrode with increased active sites and enhanced capacitive property exhibits a prominent antibacterial effect against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria after charging at a low voltage of 2 V for 30 min. Furthermore, the electrode is demonstrated to be recharged for multiple antibacterial treatment cycles without significant change of antibacterial activity, allowing for practical use in a non‐clinical setting. More importantly, this Co3O4 NW electrode is capable of damaging bacterial cell membrane and inducing the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species without impairing viability of skin keratinocytes. In a mouse model of bacterial skin infection, the Co3O4 electrode shows significant therapeutic efficacy by eradicating colonized bacteria, thus accelerating the healing process of infected wounds. This nanostructured capacitive electrode provides an antibiotic‐free, rechargeable, and wearable approach to treat bacterial skin infection.