bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A digital seismic recording system
Authors: Allsopp D. F. , Burke M. D. , Cumming G. L. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
A multi-channel seismic system which records directly on a nine-track synchronous digital tape is described. Low-noise amplifiers with a band-pass of 0.1 to 50 Hz coupled with a 14-bit A to D converter provide the wide-frequency response and dynamic range necessary for high-quality recording of seismic reflection signals from the deep crust.
The generation and properties of shear-coupled PL waves
Authors: Poupinet G. , Wright C. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
The dispersion of shear-coupled PL waves, PL(S) and PL(SS), has been studied for several paths on the Canadian Shield over the distance range 33.4° to 115.5° with the twofold aim of elucidating the manner in which these waves are generated and of examining their value in investigating the structure of the crust and upper mantle. In many cases these waves are composed of several wave trains quasi-stationary in period. These observations can be explained by considering the large amplitudes associated with cusps in the S-wave travel-time curve and the adjacent flat portion of the S-wave apparent velocity curve produced by velocity discontinuities in the upper mantle; little-dispersed PL(S) trains appear to be generated in regions where S waves of very high amplitudes impinge on the crust. In addition, the recovery of the periods of these individual wave trains in the PL(S) record can provide information on the crustal structure in a relatively localized region and on the ray parameter close to each cusp.
Local distribution of strong earthquake ground motions
Authors: Hudson Donald E. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Twenty ground stations distributed over a 40-square-mile area in Pasadena recorded strong ground shaking during the San Fernando earthquake of February 9, 1971. Relative responses at 10 of these same stations as measured for small earthquakes by standard Wood-Anderson torsion seismometers are available for comparison from a study made by Gutenberg in the 1950's. Frequency spectra of strong ground motions as calculated for four sites having time-recording accelerographs assist in the interpretation of seismoscope results at the other stations. Attempts to correlate local distributions with known features of local geology such as thickness of alluvium, distance from known faults, etc., indicate that no single feature plays a dominant role in the resulting patterns. The implications of such complicated distributions for the preparation of seismic risk maps are discussed, and it is concluded that it would not be possible in the present state of knowledge to assess meaningful variations in the seismic risk throughout the Pasadena area.
Mapping of Soil Quality Index (SQI) for Paddy Fields Using Sentinel-2 Imagery, Laboratory Analysis, and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Sari Putri Tunjung , Indarto Indarto , Mandala Marga , Cahyono Bowo Eko 
Published: September 2021

The use of intensive chemical inputs causes lower availability of nutrients, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and soil degradation.Therefore, this study aims to assess the soil quality index (SQI) for paddy fields in Jember, East Java, Indonesia. Input data for this study consist of land cover (interpreted from the Sentinel-2 image), soil type, and slope maps. Furthermore, the procedure to calculate soil quality index (SQI) include (1) spatial analysis to create the land unit, (2) preparation of soil sampling, (3) soil chemical analysis, (4) principal component analysis (PCA), and (5) reclassifying soil quality index (SQI). The PCA results showed that three variables i.e., % sand, total- P, and % silt were strongly correlated to SQI, while three classes namely very low, low, and medium of SQI were sufficiently used to describe the spatial variability of the paddy field. Furthermore, approximately 41.14% of the paddy field area were classed as very low while 52.23%, and 6.63% were categorized as low and medium SQI respectively. Based on the results, about 93.37% of paddy fields in Jember Regency still require improvement in soil quality via the addition of ameliorants such as organic fertilizers to increase quality and productivity. This application needs to focus on areas with very low-low quality hence, the quality increased to the medium category.
Keywords : Mapping; Soil Quality Index (SQI); PCA; Paddy field
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
Comparative expression of recombinant phospholipase A2 in Komagataella phaffii depending on the modification of the alpha-factor signaling peptide
Authors: Bytyak D. S. , Gladchenko Y. A. , Ryapolova A. V. , Korneeva O. S. , Motina E. A. 
Published: September 2021

Currently, the Russian market of phospholipase A2 enzyme preparations is represented by commercial preparations of foreign manufacturers: Nagase (Japan) and Maxapal (the Netherlands). However, the growing demand and the need to reduce the cost of production of phospholipase A2 require the development of new super-producers of phospholipase A2. In this connection, the aim of the work is to compare the expression of recombinant phospholipase A2 in Komagataella phaffii depending on the modification of the alpha-factor signaling peptide. The object of the study is the recipient yeast strain Komagataella phaffii X-33. The studies were conducted in accordance with generally accepted norms and approaches. Phospholipase A2 genes from Streptomyces violaceoruber were used for this worK. The target sequences were synthesized in the company "Eurogen" (Russia) and cloned as part of the TE vector pUC57. In the course of the work, the genetic constructs pPICZaA-Pla2 and PPICZmf4iA-Pla2 containing the Streptomyces violaceoruber phospholipase A2 gene were assembled under the native signal a-MF and its modification mf4i. The transformation of the yeast Komagataella phaffii X-33 with the obtained genetic constructs was also carried out. As a result of the conducted studies, it was shown that on average, there were no significant differences in the level of expression and specific activity of recombinant phospholipase A2 in methylotrophic yeast K. Phaffii X-33 when using the native a-MF secretion signal and its modified version mf4i. However, the use of the secretion factor mf4i allows for higher production of phospholipase A2 in individual clones. The obtained data indicate the prospects of using the secretion factor mf4i to create super-producers of enzymes based on yeast K. Phaffii X-33.
Industry Payments Among Appropriate Use Criteria Voting Panels
Authors: Acuña Alexander J. , Jella Tarun K. , Barksdale Edward M. , Samuel Linsen T. , Kamath Atul F. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Although multiple studies have consistently demonstrated that orthopaedic surgeons receive greater transfers of value than other specialties, the industry payments of providers who are involved in the formation of practice guidelines have not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, the purpose of our analysis was to evaluate the industry payments of the authors of the Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).

Methods:
The publicly available AAOS web portal (OrthoGuidelines.org) was queried for all AUCs that had been released between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2019, regarding the management of musculoskeletal pathologies. A cross-sectional analysis of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments database was conducted to determine the number and total value of industry payments to AUC voting committee members during the year of voting for the AUC. Industry payments for each orthopaedic surgeon voting member were compared with payments received by orthopaedic surgeons nationwide who received any payment within the same year. The proportion of orthopaedic surgeon voting members who received any industry payment was compared with the proportion of orthopaedic surgeons nationwide who received payments.

Results:
Our analysis included a total of 18 different AUCs with 216 voting members, 157 of whom were orthopaedic surgeons. Of the orthopaedic surgeon voting members, 105 (67%) received industry payments, a rate roughly comparable with the national average among orthopaedic surgeons (74%). For 7 of 18 AUCs (39%), the median payment per orthopaedic surgeon voting member was above the median among orthopaedic surgeons receiving payments nationwide that year. Qualitatively, orthopaedic surgeon voting members were more likely to receive payments in the form of royalties, licenses, or speaking fees than orthopaedic surgeons nationwide.

Conclusions:
AUC voting members receive payments at frequencies and magnitudes that are roughly comparable with orthopaedic surgeons nationwide. Whether voting panel members receiving payments at these rates is ideal or is in the best interest of patients is a policy decision for the AAOS and society at large. Our study confirms that payments are common and, thus, continued vigilance is justified.
Management of de Quervain Tenosynovitis
Authors: Larsen Christopher G. , Fitzgerald Michael J. , Nellans Kate W. , Lane Lewis B. 
Published: September 2021

» Most cases of de Quervain tenosynovitis can be managed with nonoperative measures, and the mainstay of treatment is corticosteroid injection (CSI). The use of ultrasound may improve the accuracy of injections and can help to identify and localize injections to separate subcompartments.» For patients who are in the third trimester of pregnancy or breastfeeding, there is no contraindication to CSI as studies have shown that it can provide optimal symptomatic relief to the mother without impacting the baby.» When nonoperative treatment is unsuccessful, surgical release of the first dorsal compartment (FDC) can provide excellent symptom relief. Open release performed through a longitudinal incision allows for better visualization of the underlying anatomy, resulting in fewer injuries to underlying structures and a lower incidence of hypertrophic scarring compared with a transverse incision.» For surgeons who are comfortable performing endoscopic techniques, endoscopic FDC release can result in quicker symptom improvement, superior scar cosmesis, and a lower incidence of radial sensory nerve injury.» Studies have shown that FDC release can safely and effectively be performed using the WALANT (wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet) technique, which has the potential for cost savings without compromising quality or patient comfort.
Extracting and analyzing inorganic material synthesis procedures in the literature
Authors: Makino Kohei , Kuniyoshi Fusataka , Ozawa Jun , Miwa Makoto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Analyzing material synthesis procedures in the literature is required to collect structural information of material names and synthesis procedures for designing materials computationally. Since synthesis procedures are mostly written in natural language in paper or technical documents, they need to be extracted and structured into a format that can be handled by a computer through information extraction. Moreover, to represent a synthesis procedure, it is necessary to express information such as conditions and the order of operations in the procedure, but existing databases that compile structural information of material names and synthesis procedures of materials do not provide such information about procedures. It is, therefore, necessary to create a framework that extracts and organizes the information of synthesis procedures in text so that the information is enough for material development such as the order of operations and the links among materials, operations, and conditions. In this study, we construct a pipeline system that extracts synthesis procedures from a text in the form of a flow graph. The extraction system consists of preprocessing, deep learning-based entity extraction, rule-based relation extraction, and selection for paragraph-containing procedures. We applied the system to a large body of literature and extracted flow graphs (procedures) that include about 4 million entities and 3 million relations. We took several statistics on the extracted graphs and performed several analyses on the extracted graphs. We experimentally confirmed that some extracted operations were specific to the target material and the frequently extracted sub-graphs include reasonable operations.
ALF-Score - a Novel Approach to Build a Predictive Network-Based Walkability Scoring System
Authors: Alfosool Ali M. S. , Chen Yuanzhu , Fuller Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Walkability is a term that describes various aspects of the built and social environment and has been associated with physical activity and public health. Walkability is subjective and although multiple definitions of walkability exist, there is no single agreed upon definition. Road networks are integral parts of mobility and should be an important part of walkability. However, using the road structure as nodes is not widely discussed in existing methods. Most walkability measures only provide area-based scores with low spatial resolution, have a one-size-fits-all approach, and do not consider individuals opinion. Active Living Feature Score (ALF-Score) is a network-based walkability measure that incorporates road network structures as a core component. It also utilizes user opinion to build a high-confidence ground-truth that is used in our machine learning pipeline to generate models capable of estimating walkability. We found combination of network features with road embedding and points of interest features creates a complimentary feature set enabling us to train our models with an accuracy of over 87% while maintaining a conversion consistency of over 98%. Our proposed approach outperforms existing measures by introducing a novel method to estimate walkability scores that are representative of users opinion with a high spatial resolution, for any point on the map.
Prognostic Implication of Preoperative Serum Albumin to Carcinoembryonic Antigen Ratio in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Xu Mingyue , Liu You , Xue Tianhui , Ye Qianwen , Xiang Jia , Liu Long , Yan Bing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Both preoperative serum albumin (ALB) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were previously reported as useful prognostic factors in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the ALB to CEA ratio (ACR) and their individual prognostic efficacies have been less studied. In this study, a total of 156 CRC patients staged I-IV were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into ACR-low or ACR-high subgroups, and the differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were conducted by Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test and Cox proportional model. As a result, a total of 31.41% (49/156) of patients presented with ACR-low disease, and these patients had tumors with advanced T stages (T3 + T4) (P<0.01), larger tumor diameters (P<0.01) and distant metastases (P = 0.01) and a relatively lower lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) (P<0.01). The ACR was significant in predicting survival. When 5.98 was used as the cutoff point, it had a sensitivity of 58.50% and 61.50% and a specificity of 83.50% and 80.50% for PFS and OS, respectively. ACR displayed a superior prognostic efficacy than other tested markers for both PFS and OS (except LMR). Patients in the ACR-low group displayed significantly worse PFS (log rank = 35.75, P<0.01) and OS (log rank = 29.68, P<0.01) than those in the ACR-high group. Finally, ACR was an independent prognostic factor for both PFS (HR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17–0.56, P < 0.01) and OS (HR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.16–0.66, P < 0.01). For conclusion, the ACR was a robust prognostic factor in CRC, and patients with a relatively low preoperative ACR had significantly worse survival.
How to cease the ‘succession’ of anthropogenic environmental problems using the knowledge on their interconnected nature?
Authors: Sivaramanan Sivakumaran , Kotagama Sarath Wimalabandara 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Some man-made environmental problems are in a succession. Usually this happens due to the establishment of unsustainable solutions to the identified man-made environmental crisis. When the human driven solutions to the environmental problem also become a threat, the chain continues as a succession of man-made environmental crises until a permanent sustainable or regenerative solution is achieved. For instance, in early 1950s, Dayak people suffered from malaria. World Health Organization (WHO) had permitted to spray huge amount of DDT to kill mosquitoes. The attempt was a success and vector borne disease malaria was mitigated, however, their houses began to fall down on their heads. This is because application of DDT also killed the parasitic wasp that had previously controlled thatch eating caterpillars. In this scenario the worst event is DDT poisoned insects were eaten by geckos, which were eaten by cats, the cats died (biomagnification of DDT) and the rat population increased. The people were affected by sylvatic plague and typhus. To find solution to this WHO was obliged to parachute 14,000 live cats into Borneo. Thus, to prevent this succession of man-made environmental crises a need for clear understanding on all man-made environmental issues and their causes and effects is required. This article reviews the previously published research paper “Keystone Links of Anthropogenic Environmental Problems and Emergence of Interconnected Man-made Environmental crises” on this journal. In that study 40 identified man-made environmental crises were mapped by their interconnections as causes and effects. And established concept map could be used in problem mitigation, or identifying most promising solution to the man-made environmental crises. Qualitative content analysis method was applied in that study, and 252 links between man-made environmental crises were identified and supported by real-world examples in the elaborated thesis.
Systemic sclerosis and pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective study from a single centre
Authors: Barilaro Giuseppe , Castellanos Aleida , Ferreira Inês Gomes , Lledó Gema Maria , Rocca Carlo Della , Blanco Lorena Fernandez , Cervera Ricard , Baños Núria , Figueras Francesc , Espinosa Gerard 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Pregnancy in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients is no more an infrequent event as it used to be, but literature data on pregnancy outcomes in women with SSc are scarce. The rate of preterm deliveries and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) seems to be increased, while the risk of miscarriages is controversial. Moreover, no study compared pregnancy outcomes in SSc with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We performed a retrospective study to compare the pregnancy and disease outcomes of women with SSc with a cohort of age-matched women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and healthy controls (HC).
Methods

154 pregnancies from SSc, SLE, APS patients and HC were prospectively followed at the High-Risk Pregnancy Unit of our center from 2008 to 2019. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of miscarriages, fetal deaths, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preeclampsia, neonatal deaths, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns. Single APO represented secondary endpoints. SSc activity variations in relation to pregnancy were assessed.
Results

The risk of APO was significantly higher in SSc patients compared to HC (60.6% vs 10.0%; OR = 14.42; 95% CI 3.70–56.18, p = 0.001) and SLE patients (60.6% vs 37.5%; OR = 3.56; 95% CI 1.29–9.83, p = 0.014). Compared to HC, women with SSc had an increased frequency of first trimester miscarriage (15% vs 0 %; p = 0.016), preeclampsia (12% vs 0%, p = 0.038), IUGR (15% vs 0%; p = 0.016), and SGA newborns (21.2% vs 0%; p = 0.003). Preterm deliveries were more frequent in SSc pregnancies in comparison to HC (24.2% vs 5%; OR = 6.08; 95% CI 1.19–31.02, p = 0.036) and SLE patients (24.2% vs 7.5%, OR = 5.68; 95% CI 1.1–29.38, p = 0.038). Disease remained stable in all SSc patients during pregnancy and up to one year after delivery.
Conclusions

We found an increased risk of APO in our SSc cohort in comparison to HC (with higher rates of miscarriages, preeclampsia, IUGR, SGA newborns and preterm deliveries) and SLE patients (presenting higher rate of preterm deliveries). High-risk multidisciplinary management of SSc pregnant women is highly recommended.
How do outcome-based competitive relationships shape future risky cooperation?
Authors: Liu Zhenliang , Li Yansong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There is growing evidence that cooperative behavior between individuals is regulated by their experience of previous interactions with others. However, it is unclear how a relationship that stems from the evaluation of outcomes from competitive interactions can affect subsequent cooperation between these individuals. To address this issue, we examined how participants cooperated with a partner having just competed with them. While competing, participants (N = 164) were randomly assigned to receive one of four types of outcome feedback regarding their performance (win vs. loss vs. uncertain vs. control). We found that both the experience of loss and of uncertainty as competitive outcomes exerted a negative impact on the extent to which participants then engaged in mutually cooperative behavior toward their opponents. Moreover, these effects operated in a context-dependent manner: they were only found when we manipulated the relational context to imply a high potential for incurring personal costs rather than imply no risk for incurring personal costs and mutual gains. Finally, our mediation analysis further revealed that the effect of the loss outcome was mediated by the intention of participants to cooperate and their level of interpersonal trust, while the effect of uncertain competitive outcome was mediated only by the extent to which participants intended to cooperate. This suggests the presence of distinct psychological processes underlying the effects of these two types of competitive outcome. Taken together, these finding offer novel insight into how risky cooperation may cascade from previous exposure to competitive settings.
Ultra-highly sensitive detection of influenza virus by Localized surface-plasmon resonance sensor
Authors: Monkawa Akira , Takimoto Yuki , Nakagawa Tomoe , Nagata Koki , Gessei Tomoko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
H5N1 is a highly pathogenic influenza virus that causes severe respiratory disease in birds and humans. The development of a highly sensitive detection method for H5H1 is vital to control spread and even terminate the outbreak of pandemic H5N1. Herein, we develop a highly sensitive local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor based on a gold-dot pattern chip for H5N1 detection. The LSPR sensor chip is fabricated by nano-imprint lithography, and it can detect and discriminate hemagglutinin H5 protein at femtogram-level sensitivity. Based on the results of the finite-difference time-domain simulation, the LSPR spectrum in the near-infrared region is suitable and appropriate to obtain the desired sensor sensitivity. The detection sensitivity of the sensor is 109 times higher than the immunochromatography method and is comparable to RT-PCR. Therefore, our sensor chip is very useful to provide valuable information for protection from pandemics.