bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Oligocene—Early Miocene shortening in the Thrace Basin, northern Aegean
Authors: Erbil Ümitcan , Okay Aral I. , Hakyemez Aynur 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLate Cenozoic was a period of large-scale extension in the Aegean. The extension is mainly recorded in the metamorphic core complexes with little data from the sedimentary sequences. The exception is the Thrace Basin in the northern Aegean, which has a continuous record of Middle Eocene to Oligocene marine sedimentation. In the Thrace Basin, the Late Oligocene–Early Miocene was characterized by north-northwest (N25°W) shortening leading to the termination of sedimentation and formation of large-scale folds. We studied the stratigraphy and structure of one of these folds, the Korudağ anticline. The Korudağ anticline has formed in the uppermost Eocene–Lower Oligocene siliciclastic turbidites with Early Oligocene (31.6 Ma zircon U–Pb age) acidic tuff beds. The turbidites are underlain by a thin sequence of Upper Eocene pelagic limestone. The Korudağ anticline is an east-northeast (N65°E) trending fault-propagation fold, 9 km wide and 22 km long and with a subhorizontal fold axis. It is asymmetric with shallowly-dipping northern and steeply-dipping southern limbs. Its geometry indicates about 1 km of shortening in a N25°W direction. The folded strata are unconformably overlain by Middle Miocene continental sandstones, which constrain the age of folding. The Korudağ anticline and other large folds in the Thrace Basin predate the inception of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) by at least 12 myr. The Late Oligocene–Early Miocene (28–17 Ma) shortening in the Thrace Basin and elsewhere in the Balkans forms an interlude between two extensional periods, and is probably linked to changes in the subduction dynamics along the Hellenic trench.
Cystine reduces tight junction permeability and intestinal inflammation induced by oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Hasegawa Tatsuya , Mizugaki Ami , Inoue Yoshiko , Kato Hiroyuki , Murakami Hitoshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntestinal oxidative stress produces pro-inflammatory cytokines, which increase tight junction (TJ) permeability, leading to intestinal and systemic inflammation. Cystine (Cys2) is a substrate of glutathione (GSH) and inhibits inflammation, however, it is unclear whether Cys2 locally improves intestinal barrier dysfunction. Thus, we investigated the local effects of Cys2 on oxidative stress-induced TJ permeability and intestinal inflammatory responses. Caco-2 cells were cultured in a Cys2-supplemented medium for 24 h and then treated with H2O2 for 2 h. We assessed TJ permeability by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance and the paracellular flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran 4 kDa. We measured the concentration of Cys2 and GSH after Cys2 pretreatment. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was assessed. In addition, the levels of TJ proteins were assessed by measuring the expression of TJ proteins in the whole cells and the ratio of TJ proteins in the detergent-insoluble fractions to soluble fractions (IS/S ratio). Cys2 treatment reduced H2O2-induced TJ permeability. Cys2 did not change the expression of TJ proteins in the whole cells, however, suppressed the IS/S ratio of claudin-4. Intercellular levels of Cys2 and GSH significantly increased in cells treated with Cys2. Cys2 treatment suppressed the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the mRNA levels were significantly correlated with TJ permeability. In conclusion, Cys2 treatment locally reduced oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction possively due to the mitigation of claudin-4 dislocalization. Furthermore, the effect of Cys2 on the improvement of intestinal barrier function is related to the local suppression of oxidative stress-induced pro-inflammatory responses.
Interrelation between the climate-related sustainability and the financial reporting disclosures of the European automotive industry
Authors: Tóth Árpád , Suta Alex , Szauter Ferenc 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe financial reports of the automotive companies' are measured in a standardized manner; therefore, they are transparent and comparable to each other, but this is not valid for the sustainability reports and it is not possible to compare their sustainability performances. Standard-setting organizations are currently searching for better reporting procedures. This study aims to investigate the connection between sustainability and financial reports for the most dominant European car manufacturers. It reviews the traceability of the sustainability elements back to the financial statements, which helps transparency, comparability, and impact measurement of the disclosed items and issues. This investigation allowed us to additionally review whether these companies are targeting to disclose the most harmful pollution impacts, or only focus to disclose the required obligatory items. Given the financial and sustainability reports magnitude manual testing would not provide complete and proper coverage, therefore we utilized an automated and AI-assisted content analysis with natural language processing. In this new review method, the sustainable elements of the textual reports were automatically retrieved following the 5-stage model of Landrum & Ohsowski (2018). The study highlights the lack of true sustainability information content of reports and the potential discrepancies and connections between the financial and the sustainability reports. Findings concluded that sustainability disclosures at the reviewed companies from several aspects could be improved and quantified, traced back to the financial disclosures, and to be comparable to each other if they apply a similar review method.
Graphic abstract
Forests protect aquatic communities from detrimental impact by volcanic deposits in the tropical Andes (Ecuador)
Authors: Montoya Encarni , Matthews-Bird Frazer , Brooks Stephen J. , Gosling William D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractVolcanic activity impacts ecosystems sometimes with multiple, complex and long-lasting consequences, including volcanic tephra (airborne material) causing widespread disruptions. We study the effects of tephra deposition around two tropical lakes of Ecuador using a multi-proxy analysis of lake sediment archives spanning the last 2000 years. We present the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation (pollen), aquatic macroinvertebrate fauna (chironomids) and organic matter (stable isotopes) in: (i) a high elevation, stream-connected, open alpine grassland (Andean páramo) and (ii) a mid-elevation, stream-isolated, pre-montane forest. Páramo vegetation showed a slight increase in herbs and quick recovery after the tephra deposition; however, the aquatic community suffered a regime shift not reversed today c. 1500 years after the event. In the pre-montane location, the canopy opened up following tephra deposition, and it took c. 150 years to return to pre-impact levels. At the forested site, no major changes in the aquatic fauna were observed related to the tephra deposition. We hypothesise that the forest acted as a protective barrier preventing a large fallout of ash into the aquatic system. Forest not only acted as a buffer for ash falling into the water from the air, but also prevented landslides of tephra by enhancing soil stability, contrary to what was observed in the open system. We demonstrate the protective ecosystem service that forests play in sustaining ecological resilience and water quality facing natural (volcanic) disturbance. The ongoing deforestation of tropical regions therefore might increase the vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems, threatening the water quality for ecosystems and human populations.
Is vulnerability to climate change gendered? And how? Insights from Egypt
Authors: Daoud Mona 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMost climate change literature tends to downplay the gendered nature of vulnerability. At best, gender is discussed in terms of the male-female binary, seen as opposing forces rather than in varying relations of interdependency. Such construction can result in the adoption of maladaptive culturally unfit gender-blind policy and interventions. In Egypt, which is highly vulnerable to climate change, gender analysis of vulnerability is almost non-existent. This paper addresses this important research gap by asking and drawing on a rural Egyptian context ‘How do the gendered relational aspects of men’s and women’s livelihoods in the household and community influence vulnerability to climate change?’. To answer this question, I draw on gender analysis of social relations, framed within an understanding of sustainable livelihoods. During 16 months of fieldwork, I used multiple ethnographic methods to collect data from two culturally and ethnically diverse low-income villages in Egypt. My main argument is that experiences of climate change are closely intertwined with gender and wider social relations in the household and community. These are shaped by local gendered ideologies and cultures that are embedded in conjugal relations, kinship and relationship to the environment, as compared across the two villages. In this paper, I strongly argue that vulnerability to climate change is highly gendered and therefore gender analysis should be at the heart of climate change discourses, policy and interventions.
Fluorescence angiography after vascular ligation to make the ileo-anal pouch reach
Authors: Joosten J. J. , Reijntjes M. A. , Slooter M. D. , Duijvestein M. , Buskens C. J. , Bemelman W. A. , Hompes R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe two most essential technical aspects of any gastrointestinal anastomosis are adequate perfusion and sufficient reach. For ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), a trade-off exists between these two factors, as lengthening manoeuvers to avoid tension may require vascular ligation. In this technical note, we describe two cases in which we used indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography (FA) to assess perfusion of the pouch after vascular ligation to acquire sufficient reach. In both cases, FA allowed us to distinguish better between an arterial inflow problem and venous congestion than white light assessment. Both pouches remained viable and no anastomotic leakage occurred. Our results indicate that ICG FA is of great value after vascular ligation to obtain reach during IPAA.
Effect of photo-thermal acceleration on in-office bleaching
Authors: Qi Feng , Otsuki Masayuki , Hiraishi Noriko , Hatayama Takashi , Wijethunge Chamari Lasindra , Tagami Junji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose is to evaluate the effect of photo-thermal acceleration on in-office bleaching efficiency using a bleaching agent without photocatalysts in vitro. Artificially discolored bovine lower incisors were prepared, and the mixed in-office bleaching material contained hydrogen peroxide 23% was applied by following treatment for 10 min: high-(HI group) and low-intensity LED lights (LI group), oven at 38 °C (OV group), and room temperature at 23 °C (RT group). Color was measured before and after bleaching and color difference (∆E*) was calculated. The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. The temperature change (∆T) of applied bleaching agent in HI and LI groups was measured using a thermography and was analyzed using a T test. The bleaching procedures were repeated 6 times. Irradiation in the HI group resulted in the highest ΔE, followed by the LI group whose ΔE was significantly lower. Both irradiated modes exhibited higher ΔE compared to non-irradiated OV and RT groups which were not significantly different from each other. The average temperature rise of bleaching agents in HI and LI groups after 10 min irradiation was 15.00 °C and 11.80 °C, respectively. The effect of photo-thermal acceleration was proved for an in-office bleaching agent without photocatalysts in vitro.
The Efficacy of Parent Training Interventions for Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Treating Untargeted Comorbid Internalizing Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zarakoviti Eleni , Shafran Roz , Papadimitriou Danai , Bennett Sophie D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDisruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) are among the primary reasons for child and youth referrals to mental health services and are linked to poor adult outcomes including antisocial behavior disorder. Research indicates a high incidence of internalizing problems in those with DBDs and those who have DBDs with cooccurring internalizing problems may have more severe later outcomes. Interventions targeted at internalizing symptoms have been found to also reduce comorbid externalizing problems. The impact of treatments for DBDs on comorbid internalizing disorders is not known. Databases PsycINFO, EMBASE and MEDLINE were systematically searched based on the Cochrane guidelines for systematic reviews. Records were independently reviewed by two reviewers. 12 papers were deemed eligible. A quality assessment of the selected studies was conducted independently by both reviewers. The 12 studies included 1334 young people with a mean age of 5 years. The parent training interventions assessed were the Incredible Years (6/12 studies), Triple-P (5/12) and Tuning In To Kids (1/12). 11 of the 12 studies reported significant reductions in primary externalizing behavior problems and DBDs. 7 studies reported significant reductions in internalizing symptoms. Mechanisms of change, clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Teachers’ Psychological Characteristics: Do They Matter for Teacher Effectiveness, Teachers’ Well-being, Retention, and Interpersonal Relations? An Integrative Review
Authors: Bardach Lisa , Klassen Robert M. , Perry Nancy E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis integrative review aims to render a systematic account of the role that teachers’ psychological characteristics, such as their motivation and personality, play for critical outcomes in terms of teacher effectiveness, teachers’ well-being, retention, and positive interpersonal relations with multiple stakeholders (e.g., students, parents, principals, colleagues). We first summarize and evaluate the available evidence on relations between psychological characteristics and these outcomes derived in existing research syntheses (meta-analyses, systematic reviews). We then discuss implications of the findings regarding the eight identified psychological characteristics—self-efficacy, causal attributions, expectations, personality, enthusiasm, emotional intelligence, emotional labor, and mindfulness—for research and educational practice. In terms of practical recommendations, we focus on teacher selection and the design of future professional development activities as areas that particularly profit from a profound understanding of the relative importance of different psychological teacher characteristics in facilitating adaptive outcomes.
Agent-based evolving network modeling: a new simulation method for modeling low prevalence infectious diseases
Authors: Eden Matthew , Castonguay Rebecca , Munkhbat Buyannemekh , Balasubramanian Hari , Gopalappa Chaitra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAgent-based network modeling (ABNM) simulates each person at the individual-level as agents of the simulation, and uses network generation algorithms to generate the network of contacts between individuals. ABNM are suitable for simulating individual-level dynamics of infectious diseases, especially for diseases such as HIV that spread through close contacts within intricate contact networks. However, as ABNM simulates a scaled-version of the full population, consisting of all infected and susceptible persons, they are computationally infeasible for studying certain questions in low prevalence diseases such as HIV. We present a new simulation technique, agent-based evolving network modeling (ABENM), which includes a new network generation algorithm, Evolving Contact Network Algorithm (ECNA), for generating scale-free networks. ABENM simulates only infected persons and their immediate contacts at the individual-level as agents of the simulation, and uses the ECNA for generating the contact structures between these individuals. All other susceptible persons are modeled using a compartmental modeling structure. Thus, ABENM has a hybrid agent-based and compartmental modeling structure. The ECNA uses concepts from graph theory for generating scale-free networks. Multiple social networks, including sexual partnership networks and needle sharing networks among injecting drug-users, are known to follow a scale-free network structure. Numerical results comparing ABENM with ABNM estimations for disease trajectories of hypothetical diseases transmitted on scale-free contact networks are promising for application to low prevalence diseases.
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Vaquerizo-Serrano Julio , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo , Singh Jatinder , Santosh Paramala 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPsychotic experiences can occur in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Some of the ASD individuals with these experiences may fulfil Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) criteria. A systematic literature search was performed to review the information on ASD and CHR-P. A meta-analysis of the proportion of CHR-P in ASD was conducted. The systematic review included 13 studies. The mean age of ASD individuals across the included studies was 11.09 years. The Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome subgroup was the most frequently reported. Four studies were meta-analysed, showing that 11.6% of CHR-P individuals have an ASD diagnosis. Symptoms of prodromal psychosis may be present in individuals with ASD. The transition from CHR-P to psychosis is not affected by ASD.
Flow-cytometric analysis of membrane integrity of stallion sperm in the face of agglutination: the “zombie sperm” dilemma
Authors: Ortiz Isabel , Felix Matheus , Resende Hélène , Ramírez-Agámez Luisa , Love Charles C. , Hinrichs Katrin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeTo define the effect of sperm agglutination, associated with incubation under capacitating conditions, on accuracy of membrane assessment via flow cytometry and to develop methods to mitigate that effect.MethodsSperm motility was measured by CASA. Sperm were stained with PI-PSA or a novel method, LD-PSA, using fixable live/dead stain and cell dissociation treatment, before flow-cytometric analysis. Using LD-PSA, acrosome reaction and plasma membrane status were determined in equine sperm treated with 10 μm A23187 for 10 min, followed by 0, 1, or 2 h incubation in capacitating conditions.ResultsUsing PI-PSA, measured membrane integrity (MI; live sperm) was dramatically lower than was total motility (TMOT), indicating spurious results (“zombie sperm”). Sperm aggregates were largely of motile sperm. Loss of motility after A23187 treatment was associated with disaggregation and increased MI. On disaggregation using LD-PSA, MI rose, and MI then corresponded with TMOT. In equine sperm incubated after A23187 treatment, as the percentage of live acrosome-reacted sperm increased, TMOT decreased to near 0.ConclusionFlow cytometry assesses only individualized sperm; thus, agglutination of viable sperm alters recorded membrane integrity. As viable sperm become immotile, they individualize; therefore, factors that decrease motility, such as A23187, result in increased measured MI. Disaggregation before assessment allows more accurate determination of sperm membrane status; in this case we documented a mismatch between motility and live acrosome-reacted equine sperm that may relate to the poor repeatability of A23187 treatment for equine IVF. These findings are of profound value to future studies on sperm capacitation.
Perceived Social Support from Different Sources and Adolescent Life Satisfaction Across 42 Countries/Regions: The Moderating Role of National-Level Generalized Trust
Authors: Bi Shanshan , Stevens Gonneke W.J.M. , Maes Marlies , Boer Maartje , Delaruelle Katrijn , Eriksson Charli , Brooks Fiona M. , Tesler Riki , van der Schuur Winneke A. , Finkenauer Catrin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough previous research established a positive association between perceived social support and adolescent life satisfaction, little is known about the relative importance of different sources of support for adolescent life satisfaction and cross-country variations in this respect. Using large-scale representative samples from the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, this study examined to what extent the association between social support and life satisfaction in early adolescence varied across different social sources and countries. Also, it examined whether cross-country variations are explained by national-level generalized trust, a sociocultural factor that shapes adolescent socialization. National-level data were linked to data from 183,918 early adolescents (Mage = 13.56,SD = 1.63, 52% girls) from 42 European and North American countries/regions obtained from HBSC. Multilevel regression analyses yielded a positive association between support from different sources and life satisfaction. The strongest associations were found for support from families, followed by teachers and classmates, and weakest for support from friends. Associations varied across different countries/regions. National-level trust amplified the association between perceived classmate support and adolescent life satisfaction. The revealed cross-country differences open avenues for future cross-cultural research on explanations for cross-cultural differences in the association between social support from different sources and life satisfaction in early adolescence.
Genetic dissection of maize disease resistance and its applications in molecular breeding
Authors: Zhu Mang , Tong Lixiu , Xu Mingliang , Zhong Tao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDisease resistance is essential for reliable maize production. In a long-term tug-of-war between maize and its pathogenic microbes, naturally occurring resistance genes gradually accumulate and play a key role in protecting maize from various destructive diseases. Recently, significant progress has been made in deciphering the genetic basis of disease resistance in maize. Enhancing disease resistance can now be explored at the molecular level, from marker-assisted selection to genomic selection, transgenesis technique, and genome editing. In view of the continuing accumulation of cloned resistance genes and in-depth understanding of their resistance mechanisms, coupled with rapid progress of biotechnology, it is expected that the large-scale commercial application of molecular breeding of resistant maize varieties will soon become a reality.