bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of the National Centralized Drug Purchasing Pilot Program on Nucleos(t)ide Analogs in Shenzhen City: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Wen Xiaotong , Yin Shicheng , Cui Lanyue , Mao Lining , Lin Zhaoyu , Yaermaimaiti Zilalai , Geng Xin , Li Yingxia , Yang Ying , Cui Dan , Mao Zongfu 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To assess the effects of the National Centralized Drug Purchasing Pilot Program on nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) in Shenzhen city.Methods: Drugs procurement records in medical institutions were analyzed covering the period from January 2018 to December 2019. An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was used to evaluate the impact of the “4+7” pilot policy on NAs in Shenzhen city. The outcome measures were usage volume, expenditures, daily cost, and distribution structure of NAs.Findings: After the introduction of the “4+7” pilot policy, the defined daily doses (DDDs) of NA drugs increased by 76.48%, the expenditures and defined daily dose cost (DDDc) of NAs decreased by 45.43 and 69.08%, respectively. The proportion of winning products in Entecavir and Tenofovir Fumarate DDDs was increased by 64.21 and 19.20%, respectively. The post-intervention period witnessed a significant increase in the regression level for NAs DDDs (level coefficient: β2 = 631.87, p &lt; 0.05). The expenditures (trend coefficient: β3 = 392.24, p &lt; 0.05) and DDDc (level coefficient: β2 = −6.17, p &lt; 0.001; trend coefficient: β3 = −0.21, p &lt; 0.05) of NAs showed decreasing trend in the post-intervention period. The expenditures of original products and generic products both showed a decreasing trend in the post-intervention period (trend coefficient: β3 = −372.78, p &lt; 0.05, trend coefficient: β3 = −130.78, p &lt; 0.05, respectively). The DDDc of original products in the policy-related varieties was a significant decrease in the regression slope and level (level coefficient: β2 = −2.18, p &lt; 0.05; trend coefficient: β3 = −0.32, p &lt; 0.01).Conclusion: After the implementation of the“4+7” policy, the DDDc of NAs decreased, the accessibility of policy-related drugs was improved, and the usage of generic medicine was promoted.
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Flexible Ureteroscopy for Treatment of Urolithiasis in Horseshoe Kidney Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yi Xianyanling , Cao Dehong , You Pinghong , Xiong Xingyu , Zheng Xiaonan , Jin Tao , Peng Ge , Xu Hang , Liao Dazhou , Wei Qiang , Li Hong , Yang Lu , Ai Jianzhong 
Published: October 2021

Background: Urolithiasis is the most common complication of horseshoe kidney (HK), which can be treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), flexible ureteroscopy (FURS), and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). When comparing treatments of ESWL and FURS, it is unclear which is more efficient and safe. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of FURS and SWL for the treatment of urolithiasis in HK patients.Methods: A systematic search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE was performed in February 2021. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the risk of bias in each study.Results: Five studies published between 2008 and 2018 were synthesized in the present meta-analysis. The study revealed that FURS compared with SWL had greater initial and overall stone-free rates (SFRs). Risk ratios (RRs) were 2.46 (P &lt; 0.00001) in initial SFRs, 1.36 (P = 0.02) in overall SFRs. No differences were found in the retreatment ratio, RRs were 0.49 (P = 0.43). In addition, no major complications were encountered, and all the complications were mild to moderate.Conclusion: The study demonstrated that FURS and SWL are effective and safe treatments for patients with HK with stones (&lt;20 mm). Moreover, FURS has greater clearance rates and lower complication rates than SWL.
Ambulatory Thoracoscopic Pleurodesis Combined With Indwelling Pleural Catheter in Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Foo Chuan T. , Pulimood Thomas , Knolle Martin , Marciniak Stefan J. , Herre Jurgen 
Published: October 2021

Background and Objective: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) often results in debilitating symptoms. Relief of dyspnoea and improvement in quality of life can be achieved with either talc pleurodesis or insertion of an indwelling tunneled pleural catheter (IPC). The former requires a lengthy hospital stay and the latter is associated with lower pleurodesis rates. In response to limited hospital bed capacity, we developed a pragmatic approach in managing MPE by combining thoracoscopic talc poudrage and insertion of IPC into a single day case procedure. We present data on the safety and efficacy of this approach.Methods: Patients who had undergone the abovementioned procedure between 2017 and 2020 were analyzed. Demographic data, hospital length of stay (LOS), histological diagnosis, rates of pleurodesis success and procedural related complications were collated. Patients were followed-up for 6 months.Results: Forty-five patients underwent the procedure. Mean age was 68.5 ± 10.4 years and 56% were male. Histological diagnosis was achieved in all cases. 86.7% of patients were discharged on the day of the procedure. Median LOS was 0 (IQR 0–0) days. Successful pleurodesis was attained in 77.8% at 6-month follow-up. No procedure related deaths or IPC related infections were recorded.Conclusion: Ambulatory thoracoscopic poudrage and IPC insertion is a safe and effective option in the management of MPE. All patients received a definitive pleural intervention with 77.8% pleurodesis success at 6-months and majority of them discharged on the same day. Future randomized trials are required to confirm these findings.
Association of Abdominal Incision Length With Gastrointestinal Function Recovery Post-operatively: A Multicenter Registry System-Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Song Jianning , Yang Yingchi , Guan Wenxian , Jin Gang , Yang Yinmo , Chen Lin , Wan Yong , Li Leping , He Qingsi , Zhang Wei , Zhu Weiming , Chen Lei , Xiu Dianrong , Tian Weijun , Yang Daogui , Lou Wenhui , Zhang Zhongtao 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To evaluate the influence of the abdominal incision length on the gastrointestinal function recovery post-operatively.Background: Gut motility recovers more quickly after the minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery compared than after the traditional open surgery; however, whether the minimal abdominal incision contributes to the faster gut motility recovery is controversial and lacks solid clinical evidence.Methods: A registry-based secondary cohort analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the abdominal incision length and gut motility recovery post-operatively based on a multicenter, prospective, and observational study of the prolonged post-operative ileus (PPOI) incidence and the risk factors in the patients with the major abdominal surgery. The incision length, in the centimeters, was the exposure. The primary outcome measures were the PPOI incidence and its association with the incision length. The secondary outcome included the days to the first passage of flatus and the days to the first passage of stool.Results: Overall, 1,840 patients, including 287 (15.7%) patients with the PPOI, were recruited. The PPOI incidence was 17.6% and 13.3% in the long-incision (&gt;18 cm) and short-incision patients ( ≤ 18 cm), respectively. The incidence of the PPOI increased by 1.1% (1.0–1.1) by each centimeter increment of the incision length after adjusting for the confounding factors. In comparison to the short-incision patients, the long-incision patients had prolonged passage of stool (4.46 vs. 4.95 days, p &lt; 0.001). Each centimeter increment of the incision length contributed to a 2% increased risk of delay in the first bowel movement [hazard ratio (HR) 0.980 (0.967, 0.994)].Conclusion: A long abdominal incision length independently contributed to the prolonged gut function recovery post-operatively mainly by delaying the time to the first bowel movement, but not influencing the time to first passage of flatus.
Milk Formula Diet Alters Bacterial and Host Protein Profile in Comparison to Human Milk Diet in Neonatal Piglet Model
Authors: Rosa Fernanda , Zybailov Boris L. , Glazko Galina V. , Rahmatallah Yasir , Byrum Stephanie , Mackintosh Samuel G. , Bowlin Anne K. , Yeruva Laxmi 
Published: October 2021

The metaproteome profiling of cecal contents collected from neonatal piglets fed pasteurized human milk (HM) or a dairy-based infant formula (MF) from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 21 were assessed. At PND 21, a subset of piglets from each group (n = 11/group) were euthanized, and cecal contents were collected for further metaproteome analysis. Cecal microbiota composition showed predominantly more Firmicutes phyla and Lachnospiraceae family in the lumen of cecum of HM-fed piglets in comparison to the MF-fed group. Ruminococcus gnavus was the most abundant species from the Firmicutes phyla in the cecal contents of the HM-fed piglets at 21 days of age. A greater number of expressed proteins were identified in the cecal contents of the HM-fed piglets relative to the MF-fed piglets. Greater abundances of proteins potentially expressed by Bacteroides spp. such as glycoside enzymes were noted in the cecal lumen of HM-fed piglets relative to the MF. Additionally, lyases associated with Lachnospiraceae family were abundant in the cecum of the HM group relative to the MF group. Overall, our findings indicate that neonatal diet impacts the gut bacterial taxa and microbial proteins prior to weaning. The metaproteomics data were deposited into PRIDE, PXD025432 and 10.6019/PXD025432.
Karakteristik Morfometrik Keong Bakau (Telescopium Telescopium) di Ekosistem Mangrove Desa Daruba Pantai Kabupaten Pulau Morotai
Authors: Sibua Julfikar , Nurafni Nurafni , Wahab Iswandi , Koroy Kismanto 
Published: October 2021

Mangrove memiliki peranan sebagai siklus hidup biota moluska karena lingkungan mangrove menyediakan bahan makanan bagi organisme asosiasi salah satunya Gastropoda. Salah satu jenis Gastropoda yang berada diperairan desa Daruba Pantai adalah jenis Telescopium telescopium atau lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat dengan sebutan (Bia papaco). Terjadinya pertambahan luasan mangrove akan berdampak pada kehidupan ataupun keberadaan Telescopium telescopium dari bentuk maupun panjang berat dari Telescopium telescopium sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian morfometrik keong bakau (Telescopium telescopium). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2021 sampai Maret 2021 bertempat didesa Daruba Pantai, Kecamatan Morotai Selatan, Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. Metode yang digunakan adalah transek kuadrat dimana biota Telescopium telescopium diambil 5 kuadrat pada masing masing transek kuadrat secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik Telescopium telescopium berbentuk kerucut pada ujung berbentuk melingkar, bagian luar cangkang dilengkapi garis spiral dan berwarna hitam kecoklatan sedangkan morfometrik Telescopium telecopium pada stasiun I sampai III memiliki panjang cangkang 4,51-5,95 cm, lebar cangkang dari stasiun I sampai III 2,11-2,54 cm dan berat cangkang 11,64-20,89 g sesuai dengan klasifikasi ukuran termasuk dalam kategori kecil.Kata kunci: karakteristik, morfometrik, Telescopium telescopium, mangrove
Chance Semiotics: The Value and Application of Contingency in Cinema Art Practice
Authors: Prokopic Pavel 
Published: October 2021

As this paper argues, chance is the key defining aspect of film, distinguishing it from other forms of art and communication. This is because film has the ability to capture a direct, mechanical imprint of the unpredictable movement of reality as a series of equidistant static images. Through the enhanced visibility (such as the close-up or slow-motion) and re-playability of this static state, film can reveal contingent nuances of this movement. Therefore, film can be seen as uniquely positioned on a semiotic threshold between movement and stillness – the infinitely complex movement of the real, and the conceptual stillness of language – translating randomness and chaos into aleatory significance, or revealing the unpredictable, contingent foundation of seemingly ordinary, habitual events.On the basis of a creative synthesis of particular aspects of the philosophy and theory of Bergson, Deleuze, Barthes and others, this paper sets out chance as the defining semiotic aspect of film. Furthermore, the paper discusses and presents outcomes of a practice research in film, which used this theoretical synthesis as a rationale for practical exploration and experimentation – establishing chance as a significant expressive tool and aesthetic element of film practice. In this way, the paper presents new filmmaking methods uniquely rooted in film philosophy, while contributing to the expansion of the understanding of the nature of film and to the narrative/stylistic potential of cinema art.
Workshop Stunting Pada Pendidikan Keluarga 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan Bagi Pendidik PAUD
Authors: Koesmadi Dita Primashanti 
Published: October 2021

Pendidikan Stunting pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan sangat penting dikenalkan pada masyarakat khususnya pendidik Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD), karena pendidik PAUD Pada workshop ini, pendidik PAUD dilatih tentang pendidikan stunting, pendidikan keluarga, pendidikan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan, sosialisasi pencegahan dan penanganan permasalah stunting di masyarakat. Peserta dalam Workshop Stunting pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan ini adalah guru PAUD di Kabupaten Ngawi yang berjumlah 100 orang yang terdiri dari perwakilan guru PAUD se Kabupaten Ngawi (19 Kecamatan). Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah bervariasi dan tanya jawab. Hasil pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini berjalan lancar dengan jenis kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan Dita Primashanti Koesmadi, M. Pd sebagai narasumber tunggal dengan pokok bahasan yang disampaikan mengenai: (1) Stunting, (2) Pendidikan Keluarga, dan (3) Pendidikan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan
Pelatihan Penggunaan Google Forms dan Google Class Room Pada Guru SMP Dalam Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rosadi Adi , Muh Hasan Marwiji  , Jimatul Arrobi  , Cecep Hilman  , Eneng Yeni Mariah  
Published: October 2021

Kemampuan guru dalam penggunaan teknologi dan komunikasi sangat penting. Kondisi pandemic memaksa guru harus meningkatkan kemampuannya guna membantu dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran online. tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu memberkan pemahaman dan mampu mempraktikan google Forms dan class dalam proses pembelajaran. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu modul Adapun metode yang dipakai yaitu pendekatan teoritis dan prakis dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dan praktik serta pendampingan. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat kegiatan pelatihan membantu guru dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Seluruh peserta yaitu 30 orang rata-rata sudah menahami dan mampu membuat google clas dan forms yang dijadikan sebagai alat proses media evaluasi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) dan diikuti oleh peserta dengan antusias. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat kegiatan pelatihan google class dan forms membantu proses pembelajaran
Protection of personal data of teachers
Authors: Заржицкая Л.С. 
Published: October 2021

актуальность вопросов правового регулирования защиты персональных данных в условиях цифровизации всех сфер жизни современного общества сложно переоценить. За последние годы общество и государство столкнулись с объективной необходимостью создания и применения новых правовых механизмов, обеспечивающих одновременное соблюдение требований значительного количества нормативных актов. Сфера образования не стала исключением. В рамках существующего правового режима информационной открытости образовательных организаций остается немало неразрешенных вопросов в разграничении системных требований к объему информации, необходимой для эффективного мониторинга системы образования, и к содержанию раскрываемых данных в свете ограничений, установленных законодательством о защите персональных данных работников. Нередки случаи некорректного использования персональных данных педагогических работников, нарушающие предписания ч. 3 ст. 29 Федерального закона «Об образовании в Российской Федерации». Необходимость совершенствования законодательства в этой сфере продиктована необходимостью соблюдения баланса между общественными интересами и правами педагогических работников.
the relevance of the issues of legal regulation of personal data protection in the context of digitalization of all spheres of life in modern society is difficult to overestimate. Over the past years, society and the state have faced an objective need to create and apply new legal mechanisms that ensure simultaneous compliance with the requirements of a significant number of regulations. The education sector is no exception. Within the framework of the existing legal regime of information openness of educational organizations, there are many unresolved issues in distinguishing between the system requirements for information necessary for effective monitoring of the education system and the content of the disclosed data in the light of the restrictions established by the legislation on the protection of personal data of employees. Еhere are frequent cases of incorrect use of personal data of teachers that violate the requirements of Part 3 of Article 29 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation". Of course, the need to improve legislation in this area is dictated by the need to maintain a balance between public interests and the rights of teaching staff.
Artificial Intelligence Law and Legal education in the Digital Age
Authors: Мишина Н.В. 
Published: October 2021

автор рассматривает право искусственного интеллекта как новейшую учебную дисциплину, вызванную к жизни появлением соответствующей отрасли права. В статье сделан акцент на формирование новой отрасли права как объективной необходимости, детерминированной научно-техническим развитием и внедрением информационных технологий, основанных на функционировании систем искусственного интеллекта. Широкое применение роботов, систем искусственного интеллекта, автоматизированных систем управления в таких важных сферах как образование, медицина, государственное управление, судопроизводство и пр. требуют всестороннего, гибкого и прозрачного правового регулирования новых общественных отношений. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что в основную образовательную программу подготовки юристов и целого ряда других профессий будущего (сетевой юрист, киберследователь, юридический архитектор, юрист-инженер, адвокат робота и др.) целесообразно включить право искусственного интеллекта как общепрофессиональную дисциплину.
the author considers the law of artificial intelligence the newest academic discipline brought to life by the appearance of the corresponding branch of law. The article focuses on the formation of a new branch of law as an objective necessarily determined by scientific and technical development and implementation of information technologies based on the functioning of artificial intelligence systems. The broad application of robots, artificial intelligence systems, automated control systems in such important areas as education, medicine, public administration, legal proceedings, etc. requires comprehensive, flexible, and transparent legal regulation of new public relations. In this regard, the author concludes that the main educational program for lawyers and a number of other professions of the future (a network lawyer, a cyber investigator, legal architect, attorney, engineer, lawyer robot, etc.) should include the law of artificial intelligence as a General professional discipline.
Critical analysis of the effectiveness of the modern examination system in universities
Authors: Лисейчева А.С. 
Published: October 2021

анализируя современную экзаменационную систему в высшей школе в России и за рубежом, автор пытается выявить отношение студентов к системе экзаменов, в том числе то, как данная ситуация влияет на уровень стресса, а стресс – на показатели, а также рассматривая фактор субъективности преподавания.
analyzing the modern examination system in higher education in Russia and abroad, the author tries to identify the attitude of students to the examination system, including how this situation affects the level of stress, and stress affects the indicators, as well as considering the factor of subjectivity of teaching.
"Almost Russian at heart, but not by look": images of migrants in the heroes’ speech in modern prose
Authors: Кривенькая М.А. 
Published: October 2021

статья представляет собой дискурсивный анализ реплик героев современной художественной прозы, семантически соотнесенных с образом мигрантов. Автор прослеживает, как исторически сложившиеся представления о совокупности качеств, присущих определенному лингвокультурному сообществу, преломляются в диалогах литературных героев XXI века. И, наоборот, как художественные образы, созданные авторами современной прозы, отражают позицию общества по отношению к миграционному процессу и его проявлениям.
the article presents a discursive analysis of the replicas of the modern fiction heroes, semantically correlated with the image of migrants. The author traces how the historically formed ideas about the qualities inherent in a certain linguistic and cultural community are refracted in the dialogues of literary heroes of the 21st century. And, conversely, how artistic images created by authors of modern literature reflect the position of society in relation to the migration process and its manifestations.
Anger and Adolescence
Authors: AKBAŞ Ebru , YİĞİTOĞLU Gülay 
Published: October 2021

Objective: The aim of this review is to discuss and evaluate the possible outcomes of methods and preventive interventions for adolescents to identify the feeling of anger and management.
Methods: Research papers from 2000-2020 were searched in national and international databases (Pubmed, EBSCOHost, Science Direct, Ulakbim Turkish Medical Index, Turkish Medline). Turkish and English keywords were used:“adolesan, öfke, öfke yönetimi”; “adolescence, anger, anger management”.
Results: Approximately 1.8 billions of individuals are in adolescence in the world and although the majority of these individuals are healthy; a significant percentage of them experience serious or mortal diseases and other issues. Major physical, psychological and social changes occur in adolescence. Individuals start seeking experiences and they encounter certain risks with these changes. Because of the emotional change adolescents go through, they have difficulties with effective communication and also managing anger. The individuals who are not capable of managing their anger often express their anger maladaptively and show violent behavior. The aggressive behavior arising from inability of managing anger present a great concern for parents, educators and mental health professionals, given its outcomes on mental health and well-being on adolescents.
Conclusion: Identifying risks and creating interventions for preventing psychopathology and morbidity in adolescence is important. Adolescents as a risk group should be trained by nurses, who have an important place in the provision of health services, on the cause, expression and control of anger, anger, problem solving, communication skills, coping skills, and the information sources they can reach should be taught to adolescents.