bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-tracer intensity mapping: cross-correlations, line noise & decorrelation
Authors: Schaan Emmanuel , White Martin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Line intensity mapping (LIM) is a rapidly emerging technique for constraining cosmology and galaxy formation using multi-frequency, low angular resolution maps.
Many LIM applications crucially rely on cross-correlations of two line intensity maps, or of intensity maps with galaxy surveys or galaxy/CMB lensing.
We present a consistent halo model to predict all these cross-correlations and enable joint analyses, in 3D redshift-space and for 2D projected maps.
We extend the conditional luminosity function formalism to the multi-line case, to consistently account for correlated scatter between multiple galaxy line luminosities.
This allows us to model the scale-dependent decorrelation between two line intensity maps,
a key input for foreground rejection and for approaches that estimate auto-spectra from cross-spectra.
This also enables LIM cross-correlations to reveal astrophysical properties of the interstellar medium inacessible with LIM auto-spectra.
We expose the different sources of luminosity scatter or “line noise” in LIM, and clarify their effects on the 1-halo and galaxy shot noise terms.
In particular, we show that the effective number density of halos can in some cases exceed that of galaxies, counterintuitively.
Using observational and simulation input, we implement this halo model for the Hα, [Oiii], Lyman-α, CO and [Cii] lines.
We encourage observers and simulators to measure galaxy luminosity correlation coefficients for pairs of lines whenever possible.
Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/EmmanuelSchaan/HaloGen/tree/LIM.
In a companion paper, we use this halo model formalism and code
to highlight the degeneracies between cosmology and astrophysics in LIM, and to compare the LIM observables to galaxy detection for a number of surveys.
Hawking radiation received at infinity in higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole spacetimes *
Authors: Lin Kai , Qian Wei-Liang , Fan Xilong , Wang Bin , Abdalla Elcio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the Hawking radiation in higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström black holes as received by an observer located at infinity. The frequency-dependent transmission rates, which deform the thermal radiation emitted in the vicinity of the black hole horizon, are evaluated numerically. In addition to those in four-dimensional spacetime, the calculations are extended to higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström metrics, and the results are observed to be sensitive to the spacetime dimension to an extent. Generally, we observe that the transmission coefficient practically vanishes when the frequency of the emitted particle approaches zero. It increases with frequency and eventually saturates to a certain value. For four-dimensional spacetime, the above result is demonstrated to be mostly independent of the metric's parameter and the orbital quantum number of the particle, when the location of the event horizon,

, and the product of the charges of the black hole and the particle qQ are known. However, for higher-dimensional scenarios, the convergence becomes more gradual. Moreover, the difference between states with different orbital quantum numbers is observed to be more significant. As the magnitude of the product of charges qQ becomes more significant, the transmission coefficient exceeds 1. In other words, the resultant spectral flux is amplified, which results in an accelerated process of black hole evaporation. The relationship of the calculated outgoing transmission coefficient with existing results on the greybody factor is discussed.
When Convolutional Neural Networks Meet Remote Sensing Data for Fire Detection
Authors: Li Ziwen , Wang Yuehuan , Liang Shuo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end Dual Fire Detection Network (DFD-Net) for the remote sensing data fire detection task. The proposed network architecture consists of two streams in a parallel fashion, a fire estimate stream is used to detect fire pixels, and a cloud-water stream is built to exclude cloud and water regions. Moreover, the pixel and band attention modules adapted to characteristics of the remote sensing data are proposed. Experimental results on our prepared Himawari-8 data fire detection dataset with ground truth labels demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existed fire detection methods in various metrics.
Cross-view geo-localization via Salient Feature Partition Network
Authors: He Sijin , Wang Yuehuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cross-view geo-localization aims to find images containing the same geographic target from images obtained from different platforms. The extreme viewpoint variations bring challenges to this task. Existing methods usually focus on mining the fine-grained features of geographic targets in images, ignoring the potential contextual information around them. In this paper, we consider that the background regions can be used as auxiliary information, which can make the image representation for geo-localization more discriminative. Specifically, we designed a classification network that divides regional features based on saliency, called Salient Feature Partition Network (SFPN), which utilizes background information in an end-to-end manner. Without using additional part estimators, SFPN divides the features into foreground and background based on saliency. It simplifies part matching and realizes the region division learning. The method proposed in this paper has achieved competitive results on the university 1652 dataset.
Relevance Transfer: Towards Robust Distillation in Person Re-Identification
Authors: Zhou Jing , Yang Zuliu , Yang Junting , Zhao Yong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Person Re-Identification(ReID) is developing rapidly these years powered by deep learning. However most existing methods with state-of-the-art performance are highly dependent on “heavy” CNN backbones, which are hard to deploy on lightweight computing devices. In this paper, we propose a novel feature distillation method called Relevance Transfer, which aims to transfer the knowledge hidden inside the relation of different feature parts from teacher network to tiny student network. And we conduct a Multi-Granularity Horizontal Partition (MGHP) strategy to make training more efficient and robust. As results on two mainstream ReID datasets show, our method achieves competitive performance with original logits Knowledge Distillation (logits KD), and gains even more aggressive performance when works along with logits KD.
Fast Closed-Loop SLAM based on the fusion of IMU and Lidar
Authors: Hengjie Luo , Hong Bao , Cheng Xu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the large-scale mapping of Lidar SLAM, there are problems of slow closed-loop detection matching speed and false detection. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a method based on the fusion of IMU and Lidar. Use IMU geomagnetic data for geomagnetic matching and filter the pose nodes in the map to reduce the search space during closed-loop detection. At the same time, due to the reduction of the search space, it can effectively reduce the high local similarity in Lidar SLAM false detection caused. This experiment verified the method by collecting Lidar point cloud data and IMU three-axis geomagnetic data in a real environment, the closed-loop detection speed and map average absolute error of frame-by-frame method, branch-and-bound method, DTW fusion algorithm and Fast-DTW fusion algorithm were verified and compared. Experimental results shown that, compared with DTW fusion algorithm, the proposed algorithm improved the closed-loop detection speed by 17%, reduced the average absolute error of translation by 16%, and reduced the average absolute error of rotation by 10%.
Path tracking control optimization algorithm for mobile robot based on backstepping control algorithm
Authors: Peifeng Li , Hong Bao , Cheng Xu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Path tracking control of wheeled mobile robot is always an important research content in intelligent control research. Aiming at the control problem that the nonholonomic nature of wheeled mobile robot and external interference factors affect the tracking control effect, an improved backstepping control algorithm is proposed based on backstepping algorithm and speed compensation control method. Firstly, the kinematics model of wheeled mobile robot is constructed, and the mathematical relations of kinematics and path tracking state error are deduced. Secondly, the kinematics speed control law of mobile robot is designed based on the backstepping control algorithm and speed compensation control method, which improves the robustness of path tracking control. Finally, the design is verified by Lyapunov stability theorem. The tracking convergence of the tracking control algorithm is discussed. Compared with the traditional backstepping control algorithm, the improved algorithm improves the robustness of path tracking control. The tracking control algorithm proposed in this paper can be applied in the related fields of wheeled mobile robot, and the practical benefit is remarkable.
A Method to Improve IR Drop issue of Large-Size Top-Emission AMOLED
Authors: Yang Shuzhen , Zhang Liangfen , Shi Longqiang , Han Baixiang , Zhang Shengdong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Top-emitting active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays usually use a thin cathode layer to obtain high transmittance. However, the thin surface cathode inevitably raises an IR drop issue or even a Mura effect that is visible to the naked eyes, especially in large-size displays. Therefore, to reduce the IR-drop effect and improve the display quality, a plurality of cathode separators are provided to separate the cathode of AMOLEDs to electrically connect the cathode to the auxiliary electrodes under the cathode separators. In this work, we report how to control the process of organic photoresist to obtain a good anti-taper (cathode separator). The organic photoresist is formed through the steps of coating, pre-bake, exposure, post exposure bake (PEB) and then developing, but the exposure and PEB processes are the key factors, which can improve the anti-taper below 53° (The EL evaporation angle is 53°).
Design and implementation of HF signal receiving and processing module based on FPGA
Authors: Gong Q Y , Zhang L , Yu L Y , Yan R L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article designs and implements a receiving processing module based on the Xilinx ZCU102 evaluation board for the signal waveform defined in Appendix C of MIL-STD-188-110C. The focus is on the digital down-conversion, synchronization capture, and adaptive equalization algorithm for this signal processing module. Compare and design two adaptive algorithms, LMS (Least Mean Square) and DLMS (Delayed Least Mean Square). LMS algorithm has better convergence effect than DLMS algorithm, and the calculation efficiency is lower than the DLMS algorithm based on the structure of the systolic array. The signal waveform is tested under CCIR (International Radio Consultative Committee) HF (High Frequency) channel. The experimental results show that the receiving processing module has good feasibility for signals under medium HF channels.
Radar Emitter Identification Based on Fully Connected Spiking Neural Network
Authors: Wei LI , Wei-gang Zhu , Hong-feng Pang , Hong-yu Zhao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the face of the increasing complex electromagnetic environment and new radar system, it is difficult to extract radar emitter characteristics based on manual mode to meet requirements of modern cognitive electronic warfare. In order to improve the intelligence level of radar emitter identification, a new method based on Spiking Neuron Network (SNN) for radar emitter identification is proposed in this paper. Firstly, five kinds of common radar signals are converted into two-dimensional gray scale images by using time-frequency analysis method. Then, the images are converted into spikes by Poisson coder, which are put into a fully connected spiking neural network for training and emitter identification. Finally, the simulation results prove the validity of this method by comparing with the traditional neural network.
Research on battlefield target recognition method based on machine learning
Authors: Zhen Jiang Yuan , Zheng Zhou , Wei Lu , Yuan Gen Lu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
All articles must contain an abstract. The abstract text should be formatted using 10 point Times or Times New Roman and indented 25 mm from the left margin. Leave 10 mm space after the abstract before you begin the main text of your article, starting on the same page as the abstract. The abstract should give readers concise information about the content of the article and indicate the main results obtained and conclusions drawn. The abstract is not part of the text and should be complete in itself; no table numbers, figure numbers, references or displayed mathematical expressions should be included. It should be suitable for direct inclusion in abstracting services and should not normally exceed 200 words in a single paragraph. Since contemporary information-retrieval systems rely heavily on the content of titles and abstracts to identify relevant articles in literature searches, great care should be taken in constructing both.
A Survey on Recent Advances in Image Captioning
Authors: Chen Feng , Li Xinyi , Tang Jintao , Li Shasha , Wang Ting 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImage captioning, an interdisciplinary research field of computer vision and natural language processing, has attracted extensive attention. Image captioning aims to produce reasonable and accurate natural language sentences to describe images. It requires the captioning model to recognize objects and describe their relationships accurately. Intuitively, it is difficult for a machine to have the general image understanding ability like human beings. However, deep learning provides the basis for intelligent exploration. In this review, we will focus on recent advanced deep methods for image captioning. We classify existing methods into different categories and discuss these categories respectively; meanwhile, we discuss the related datasets and evaluation metrics. We also prospect the future research directions.
Study of the Hydration Kinetics of Cement Paste by Measuring Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Makridin N I , Maksimova I N , Emelyanov D V , Burnaykin I N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The hardening cement paste is a highly concentrated polyelectrolyte that changes over time. From this point of view, the main electrochemical characteristics of the hydration process of cement paste can be the electrical conductivity and electrode potentials of metals lowered into cement pastes. In the process of setting and hardening of cement dough, complex physical and chemical processes of interaction of clinker minerals with water occur. In this case, new chemical compounds are formed, the concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, A13+, Si4+, Na+, H+, OH− ions in the liquid phase changes, and the amount of free water decreases. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of the cement paste will change during the hydration of Portland cement minerals. The kinetics of hydration of cement paste is studied by measuring the electrical conductivity depending on the water-cement ratio and in the presence of additives SP C-3 and PDO-M. The parameter of electrical resistance of cement paste was studied using a digital voltmeter of type B7-27A/1. In experimental studies, we used additive-free sulphate-resistant Portland cement with an activity of 41.0 MPa with a normal density of 0.24 and pure clinker minerals – C3S и β-C2S. After preparation, the cement paste was placed in the assembled cell and compacted by vibration. Graphs of changes in the complex electrical resistance of cement pastes are obtained, which show that the curves have an oscillatory character. It was found that with an increase in the water-cement ratio, the vibrational nature of the interaction of water with Portland cement minerals weakens. When the water-cement ratio is equal to 0.42, there are no fluctuations in electrical conductivity. This can be explained by the fact that when the amount of water in the cement paste increases, the influence of cations on the degree of its ordering decreases. Curves of changes in the electrical conductivity of cement pastes obtained at W/C=0.26, without additives, as well as in the presence of SP C-3 and PDO-M additives. It can be seen that in the presence of SP C-3, fluctuations in electrical conductivity are weakly expressed. It can be assumed that SP C-3 has a disordering effect on the water in the cement paste. The addition of PDO-M, on the contrary, orders the structure of water, there are fluctuations in electrical conductivity. It is shown that in the CaO–SiO2–H2O system, a state of instability develops at certain ratios of the rate constants of individual stages of the hydration process. SP C-3, adsorbed on the adsorption centers of polysilicon acid, slows down some processes, which accelerates others, and the difference between the speed constants of individual stages increases.
Cost Estimate for Exploration of Oil and Gas Fields in the Arctic Zone
Authors: Bondar K M , Minaev V A , Faddeev A O 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the paper, the oil and gas exploration methods and technologies have been compared. It is noted that the use of modern computer technologies and mathematical models ensure progress in the search and exploration of hydrocarbons. Contact and remote exploration methods and technologies have been outlined. Among contact ones, the field and analytical methods have been compared, and among remote ones, geomorphological and structurometric techniques and computer geodynamic simulation (CGDS) developed by the authors have been successively analyzed. Based on expert analysis, it has been concluded that remote-sensing methods are significantly cheaper (3-10 times). Geomorphological and structurometric remote-sensing methods are based on GPS images, i.e. they use the ‘top view’ technology. On the contrary, the CGDS technique implements the ‘view from inside’ technology based on a system of geodynamic models. It does not require preliminary fieldwork, and its application may be focused on poorly developed, complex areas such as the Arctic zone.
Biogenic Factor and Phosphogenesis: Legends and Realities
Authors: Georgievskiy A F , Bugina V M 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe article discusses the role of organisms in industrial phosphorite formation. This question is not an idle one, because theoretical solutions and mineral research recommendations so important for the development of agriculture depend on its solution. Scientists have been dealing with this problem for more than a century, but they have not come to a common conclusion. No one doubts that biota, one way or another, takes part in phosphogenesis. Its role is interpreted in different ways: from indirect, to the main ores-forming. Now, after well-known experiments with the precipitation of phosphate by cyano-bacteria, the biogenic factor is again at its height. The material presented in this article shows that such a point of view is more based on emotions than on an impassive analysis of geological facts, such as the structure of stromatolite and oncolite Ediacaran phosphorites, as well as the results of geological exploration Russian and Mongolia deposits of the Okino-Khubsugul basin. These facts indicate a highly exaggerated role of cyano-bacteria in the formation of industrial phosphorites accumulations. So, the article concludes that the biogenic factor is an important, but not the main part of phosphogenesis. Most often, industrial phosphorite accumulations due to a combination of diagenesis processes with sediment rewashing, and early diagenetic phosphatization of precipitation becomes the ore-forming factor during the formation of structureless phosphorites. Finally, it is important to note that phosphogenesis is an extremely multifaceted natural phenomenon and it is counterproductive to put biogenic factor at the head.
Acoustic emission monitoring of composite specimens with impact damage during static compression test
Authors: Urbaha Margarita , Agafonovs Ivans , Turko Vladislav , Feščuks Jurijs , Korhs Juris 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The standard specimens have been made by anisotropic carbon fiber plastic with an epoxy matrix. The specimens were subject to static load after its shock impact. During static compression loading, the parameters of acoustic emission (AE) signals were synchronously recorded: AE impulse amplitudes, its energy and the number of oscillations. According to the analysis of the acoustic emission signals the following events were observed: matrix cracking, fiber delamination and fiber destruction. The character of the AE signals change made it possible to determine the energy of the acoustic emission signals as a diagnostic witness of the onset of two moments of the specimen destruction. The first = near 70% of ultimate load’s (the destruction of matrix) and total destruction under ultimate static load.
Functionally Gradient Ti6Al4V-TiB Composite Produced by Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Liu Le , Ivanov Roman , Kumar Rahul , Minasyan Tatevik , Antonov Maksim , Hussainova Irina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Functionally gradient materials (FGM) are progressive materials, where the final characteristics are sequentially changing with dimensions. Direct fabrication of functionally gradient Ti6Al4V-TiB composite was performed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Powder mixtures of six different ratios of Ti-alloy and TiB2 were subjected to sintering at a temperature of 1350 °C and a pressure of 50 MPa with a dwelling time of 15 min to obtain a six-layer specimen. Scanning electron microscope images demonstrate smooth transition between layers. Vikers hardness (HV5) is 350 on the top side and 1038 on the bottom side, and a corresponding coefficient of friction (CoF) is 0.99 and 0.76, respectively, which demonstrates their different performance under sliding wear.
Towards Individualized Production with Flexible Shopfloor IT based on Distributed OPC UA Services
Authors: Wolff Tobias , Vick Axel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, manufacturers face the problems to adjust their production according to the fast-changing global competition. Car manufacturers, for example, are in front of a new era of individual mobility. They need to switch from combustion engines to electric drives. In general, manufacturers have to develop production strategies to lower set up time and meet requirements faster. The classical production line is most effective if the product variety is low and the lot size is high but facing the rapid growing demand for individualized products and fast-changing requirements, manufacturers must discover new ways of manufacturing. One possibility is the flexible shopfloor. In this work, we will present our concept of a flexible shopfloor IT for controlling a robotic demonstrator. We use OPC UA over TSN as a platform for communication and CODESYS as Soft SPS for the control of sensors and actuators. In order to create valid data for ongoing discussions we use function point analysis and counting lines of sourcecode to measure software size. Our expectation is that the initial effort for implementing a flexible shopfloor IT is higher compared to the classic approach, but for all the following implementation it will take less time, because of the possibility of reuse already developed systems.