bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culture and attitudes towards contraception of women in subsistence markets: the role of values and social axioms
Authors: Jaravaza Divaries Cosmas , Saruchera Fanny 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of culture on attitudes to contraception by rural-based women in a developing economy.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on data collected from 395 rural women in Eastern Zimbabwe, this study examines the hypothesized relationships between values (resultant conservation, resultant self-enhancement), social axioms (reward for application, social cynicism, religiosity, social complexity, fate control and Ubuntu) and contraceptive attitudes, considering the moderating effects of age and education.

Findings
Using covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling and Multi-Group Analysis, this study found that resultant self-enhancement, fate control, the reward for application and religiosity significantly relate to attitudes to contraception whilst resultant conservation, social complexity, Ubuntu and social cynicism, did not produce significant correlations. Age and education moderate the significant relationships.

Research limitations/implications
The study's findings suggest that contraception social marketers, non-governmental organizations and health practitioners should develop marketing strategies to neutralize the negative impact of these beliefs held by rural contraceptive consumers to increase contraceptive awareness and uptake in such subsistence markets. In addition, this study provides empirical evidence on the role of Ubuntu as a new culture construct in African markets.

Originality/value
Despite being limited to a single developing economy, this paper extends prior research on consumer culture and attitudes on contraception use by exploring the role of values and social axioms, an imperative issue for rural women health and general subsistence market well-being.
The role of Islamic social finance during Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia’s economic recovery
Authors: Ascarya Ascarya 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This study aims to propose Islamic solutions to the Covid-19 health and economic crises, specifically using Islamic social finance (ISF) instruments, including zakat, infaq and waqf.

Design/methodology/approach
This study applies the qualitative content analysis method, guided by a model of composite approaches of poverty alleviation in Islam, integrated Islamic commercial and social finance (IICSF) and crisis management of Umar bin Khattab, to construct various programs and/or policy actions toward economic recovery in Indonesia.

Findings
The results show that ISF with its instruments, especially zakat, infaq and waqf could help the government and the economy to recover from the crisis. The proposed solutions include: save lives, including medical assistance using zakat-infaq and health-care waqf using waqf; save households, by creating a social safety net and graduation program using zakat-infaq; save businesses, especially micro-small enterprises (MSEs), through financial and business assistance (especially digital marketing) leveraging zakat-infaq-waqf and save financial institutions, especially micro-small financial institutions, by the development of cash waqf and the adoption of fintech and IICSF, especially in Islamic financial institutions targeting MSEs.

Research limitations/implications
This study is exploratory in nature, which needs further investigations using more sophisticated qualitative and/or quantitative methods.

Practical implications
If the above programs using ISF instruments are implemented, the economic surplus would be re-established and the acceleration of economic recovery can be realized.

Social implications
The successful adoption of ISF could at the same time reduce poverty, accelerate MSEs development and improve equitable well-being.

Originality/value
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused health, economic and social problems, which must be solved holistically, including ISF within IICSF.
“Red” and “green” flags of risk disclosures – identifying associations between positive and negative key phrases and consecutive cumulative abnormal stock returns
Authors: Nagel Deborah Yvonne , Fuhrmann Stephan , Guenther Thomas W. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The usefulness of risk disclosures (RDs) to support equity investors’ investment decisions is highly discussed. As prior research criticizes the extensive aggregation of risk information in existing empirical research, this paper aims to provide an attempt to identify disaggregated risk information associated with cumulative abnormal stock returns (CARs).

Design/methodology/approach
The sample consists of 2,558 RDs of companies listed in the S&P 500 index. The RDs were filed within 10 K filings between 2011 and 2017. First, this study automatically extracted 35,685 key phrases that occurred in a maximum of 1.5% of the RDs. Second, this study performed stepwise regressions of these key phrases and identified 67 (78) key phrases that show positive (negative) associations with CARs.

Findings
The paper finds that investors seem to value most the more common key phrases just below the 1.5% rarest key phrase threshold and business-related key phrases from RDs. Furthermore, investors seem to perceive key phrases that contain words indicating uncertainty (impacts) as a negative (positive) rather than a positive (negative) signal.

Research limitations/implications
The research approach faces limitations mainly due to the selection of the included key phrases, the focus on CARs and the methodological choice of the stepwise regression analysis.

Originality/value
The study reveals the potential for companies to increase the information value of their RDs for equity investors by providing tailored information within RDs instead of universal phrases. In addition, the research indicates that the tailored RDs encouraged by the SEC contain relevant information for investors. Furthermore, the results may guide the attention of equity investors to relevant text passages whose deeper analysis might be useful with regard to investors’ capital market decisions.
Exploring the perspectives of physically challenged women entrepreneurs in the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Bukari Shaibu , Quarshie Michael Ayikwei , Opoku Felix Kwame 
Published: September 2021

PurposeEntrepreneurship and disability are discordant because of the assumption that the former is only meant for non-disabled people. Drawing on the capability, agency/structure and social exclusion theories, this study examines the lived experiences of physically challenged women entrepreneurs in the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a qualitative approach, involving in-depth interview and observation to solicit the views of six physically challenged women entrepreneurs in the Metropolis.FindingsThe study found that the physically challenged women consider themselves as women with entrepreneurial minds, capable of actualising and achieving their entrepreneurial well-being, by functioning and proving their capabilities and having the capacities to choose and act independently. The study also found that the structures (physical self, socio-economic, cultural and attitudes, etc.) that confront the women reinforce their capabilities as physically challenged women entrepreneurs. It further found that for these women, being a physically challenged woman entrepreneur demands that one should have self-belief capabilities and being high self-esteem regardless of one’s challenges.Originality/valueThe study is an original submission that makes contributions towards understanding and appreciating the perspectives and lived experiences of capable physically challenged women entrepreneurs in a developing country. There have been studies on women entrepreneurs in Ghana but not specifically on physically challenged women entrepreneurs. This study addresses that gap.
Dynamic capabilities for digital transformation
Authors: Ellström Daniel , Holtström Johan , Berg Emma , Josefsson Cecilia 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify sensing, seizing and reconfiguring routines of dynamic capabilities that enable digital transformation in firms.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative approach is used. Representatives from a firm going through digital transformations are interviewed, and focus groups have been carried out with a consultancy firm experienced in giving advice to firms going through digital transformation.FindingsSix routines identified as relevant specifically for digital transformation are identified. These are cross-industrial digital sensing, inside-out digital infrastructure sensing, digital strategy development, determination of enterprise boundaries, decomposition of digital transformation into specified projects and creation of a unified digital infrastructure.Practical implicationsThe authors provide direction for managers on how to approach digital transformation. In relation to previous research, the authors provide more specific guidance regarding how to reconfigure the organization in digital transformation.Originality/valueThe paper uses a novel context for digital transformation and complements the very few studies available using dynamic capabilities to understand digital transformation.
Association between morbidity among term newborns and low‐risk caesarean delivery rates
Authors: Clapp MA , Daw JR , James KE , Little SE , Robinson JN , Bates SV , Kaimal AJ 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo examine the association between county‐level caesarean delivery (CD) rates among women at low risk and morbidity among term newborns.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingPopulation‐based study of US county‐level birth data from 2015 to 2017.PopulationNulliparous women with term, singleton, vertex‐presenting infants (NTSV) at low risk for morbidity.MethodsThe primary exposure was county‐level CD rates.Main outcome measuresThe outcome was morbidity among the low‐risk NTSV cohort, categorised as severe (5‐minute Apgar score of ≤3, assisted ventilation for ≥6 hours, severe neurologic injury or seizure, transfer or death) or moderate (5‐minute Apgar score of <7 but >3, administration of antibiotics or assisted ventilation at delivery). We used linear regression models to determine the association between county NTSV CD and neonatal morbidity rates with cluster robust standard errors.ResultsThe analysis included data from 2 753 522 births in 952 counties from all 48 states. The mean NTSV CD rate was 23.6% (standard deviation 4.8%). The median severe and moderate neonatal morbidity rates were 15.2 (interquartile range, IQR 9.4–23.6) and 52.5 (IQR 33.4–75.7) per 1000 births, respectively. In the unadjusted analysis using the risk‐adjusted exposure and outcome, every percentage point increase in the CD rate of a county was associated with 0.6 (95% CI −0.9, −0.3) and 2.3 fewer (95% CI −3.4, −1.1) cases of severe and moderate neonatal morbidity per 1000 live births. After adjustment for other county factors, the relationships remained significant. These findings were tested in multiple sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsLower county‐level NTSV CD rates were associated with a small increase in morbidity among term newborns in the USA.Tweetable abstractLower county‐level caesarean delivery rates were associated with an increase in morbidity among term newborns in the USA.
Uterine transplantation: legal and regulatory implications in England
Authors: Vali S , Jones BP , Saso S , Fertleman M , Testa G , Johanesson L , Alghrani A , Smith JR 
Published: September 2021

Uterus transplantation (UTx) is fast evolving from an experimental to a clinical procedure, combining solid organ transplantation with assisted reproductive technology. The commencement of the first human uterus transplant trial in the United Kingdom leads us to examine and reflect upon the legal and regulatory aspects closely intertwined with UTx from the process of donation to potential implications for fertility treatment and the birth of the resultant child. As the world's first ephemeral transplant, the possibility of organ restitution requires consideration and is discussed herein.Tweetable abstractUterine transplantation warrants a closer look at the legal frameworks on fertility treatment and transplantation in England.
Induction of labour at 41 weeks of gestation versus expectant management and induction of labour at 42 weeks of gestation: A cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Alkmark Mårten , Wennerholm Ulla‐Britt , Saltvedt Sissel , Bergh Christina , Carlsson Ylva , Elden Helen , Fadl Helena , Jonsson Maria , Ladfors Lars , Sengpiel Verena , Wesström Jan , Hagberg Henrik , Svensson Mikael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of induction of labour (IOL) at 41 weeks of gestation compared with expectant management until 42 weeks of gestation.DesignA cost‐effectiveness analysis alongside the Swedish Post‐term Induction Study (SWEPIS), a multicentre, randomised controlled superiority trial.SettingFourteen Swedish hospitals during 2016–2018.PopulationWomen with an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy with a fetus in cephalic position were randomised at 41 weeks of gestation to IOL or to expectant management and induction at 42 weeks of gestation.MethodsHealth benefits were measured in life years and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) for mother and child. Total cost per birth was calculated, including healthcare costs from randomisation to discharge after delivery, for mother and child. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated by dividing the difference in mean cost between the trial arms by the difference in life years and QALYs, respectively. Sampling uncertainty was evaluated using non‐parametric bootstrapping.Main Outcome MeasuresThe cost per gained life year and per gained QALY.ResultsThe differences in life years and QALYs gained were driven by the difference in perinatal mortality alone. The absolute risk reduction in mortality was 0.004 (from 6/1373 to 0/1373). Based on Swedish life tables, this gives a mean gain in discounted life years and QALYs of 0.14 and 0.12 per birth, respectively. The mean cost per birth was €4108 in the IOL group (n = 1373) and €4037 in the expectant management group (n = 1373), with a mean difference of €71 (95% CI −€232 to €379). The ICER for IOL compared with expectant management was €545 per life year gained and €623 per QALY gained. Confidence intervals were relatively wide and included the possibility that IOL had both lower costs and better health outcomes.ConclusionsInduction of labour at 41 weeks of gestation results in a better health outcome and no significant difference in costs. IOL is cost‐effective compared with expectant management until 42 weeks of gestation using standard threshold values for acceptable cost per life year/QALY.Tweetable AbstractInduction of labour at 41 weeks of gestation is cost‐effective compared with expectant management until 42 weeks of gestation.
Evaluation of demographic and clinical risk factors for high interdialytic weight gain
Authors: Günen Yılmaz Sevcihan , Yılmaz Fatih 
Published: September 2021

AbstractXerostomia and hyposalivation are highly prevalent in hemodialysis (HD) patients and this is effective in increased fluid intake. The aim of this study is to determine the demographic and clinical risk factors associated with high interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) in nondiabetic HD patients. In total, 52 eligible HD patients were recruited in this cross‐sectional study. Patients were divided into two groups according to % IDWG: Group 1: High IDWG (≥3%) and Group 2: normal IDWG (<3%). Plasma osmolarity (POsm), unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR), xerostomia inventory (XI), and dialysis thirst inventory (DTI) were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 53.7 ± 15.7 years. The prevalence of xerostomia was 53.8%, and hyposalivation was in 40.3% in the patients. High IDWG was positively correlated with XI and DTI while it was negatively correlated with POsm and USFR. The area under the receiver‐operating characteristics curve for POsm for high IDWG was 0.661, with sensitivity of 63.8% and specificity of 72.7% for a cut‐off point of 297.4 mOsm/L. Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age odds ratio (OR: 1.215, p = 0.019), pill burden (OR: 1.162, p = 0.031), C‐reactive protein (CRP; OR: 1.308, p = 0.042), and low POsm (OR: 0.768, p = 0.046) were independently related to high IDWG. The prevalence of xerostomia and thirst was higher in HD patients with high IDWG compared to the normal IDWG group. Age, CRP, low POsm, and pill burden were independently associated with high IDWG.
Preparation and properties of chitosan‐based bacteriostatic agents and their application in strawberry bacteriostatic preservation
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhu Li , Zhang Shaoqi , Ma Yongliang , Wang Li , Wang Hongsu , Niu Xiaodi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a green and safe chitosan‐based preservative which can be applied in strawberry preservation. Chitosan (CS) was treated by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine oxygen radical/laccase oxidation system (TEMPO/laccase oxidation system), which was mainly used to prepare TEMPO/laccase chitosan (TLCS). Furthermore, on this basis, the structure and performance of TLCS were also studied. The results showed that compared with CS, the solubility of TLCS improved, and the kinetic viscosity reduced significantly. Next, a cinnamaldehyde‐TEMPO/laccase chitosan (CIN‐TLCS) antibacterial agent was prepared by covalently combining the aldehyde group in cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and the amino group in CS. It was found that CIN combined with TLCS through covalent bonds, which changed the structure and crystallinity of TLCS. In addition, the total antioxidant capacity of CIN‐TLCS also improved, which was necessary for the application of CIN‐TLCS in extending shelf life. Cytotoxicity experiments showed that CIN‐TLCS had no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, strawberries were used to explore the actual bacteriostatic and fresh‐keeping effects of CIN‐TLCS. The experiment found that CIN‐TLCS could maintain the freshness of strawberries at room temperature (23 ± 1°C) for 5 days and had positive effects on strawberry color, loss‐weight rate, hardness and pH. These results showed that CIN‐TLCS could be used as a potential preserving agent for fruit storage.Practical ApplicationTo obtain a green, safe and effective food preservative, chitosan (CS) was modified by a 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine oxygen radical/laccase oxidation system (TEMPO/laccase oxidation system) to get TEMPO/laccase chitosan (TLCS) and cinnamic aldehyde‐TEMPO/laccase chitosan (CIN‐TLCS). At the same time, the structure and antibacterial properties of TLCS and CIN‐TLCS were analyzed, and their possibility as a new green and safe strawberry preservative was studied. Compared with oxazolidine, imidazole and triazole commercial drugs, CIN‐TLCS has the advantages of low price, no pollution, no cytotoxicity and no drug resistance.
Cardiopulmonary bypass does not consequentially contribute to postoperative distant metastasis of giant refractory thoracic tumors: A retrospective study with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhu Xuejuan , Zhu Rongying , Jin Xing , Tan Liping , Chen Yongbing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFew clinical research studies with long‐term follow‐up have revealed whether cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) increases the risk of postoperative distant metastasis in patients with giant refractory thoracic tumors. The present study evaluated the risk of distant metastasis after surgery utilizing CPB with long‐term follow‐up.MethodsClinical data for patients with giant refractory thoracic tumors who underwent resection with the use of CPB in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University during the past 11 years were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsOf the 14 patients with giant refractory thoracic tumors who had undergone surgery under CPB, 10 patients (71.4%) were completely resected. Twelve patients were followed up for 13–127 months with 10 patients were completely resected and two patients could not be completely resected due to severe tissue invasion. Three patients (25%) suffered from distant metastasis, and four patients (33.3%) experienced local recurrence. Only one patient (1/10) with complete resection suffered from distant metastasis, while two patients (2/10) experienced local recurrence. Two patients (2/2) with major resection suffered from both distant metastasis and local recurrence. Median overall survival for patients who have been regularly followed up was 50 months with 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year survival of 100%, 75%, and 66.7%. No difference was found between the distant metastasis survival and the local recurrence survival. (p = 0.99).ConclusionsCPB is an effective strategy for complete resection of the giant refractory thoracic tumors with an acceptable risk of postoperative distant metastasis for some patients.
geomorph v4.0 and gmShiny: Enhanced analytics and a new graphical interface for a comprehensive morphometric experience
Authors: Baken Erica K. , Collyer Michael L. , Kaliontzopoulou Antigoni , Adams Dean C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Geometric morphometric (GM) tools are essential for meaningfully quantifying and understanding patterns of variation in complex traits like shape. In this field, the breadth of answerable questions has grown dramatically in recent years through the development of new analyses and increased computational efficiency.

In this note, we describe the ways in which geomorph, a widely used R package for quantifying and analysing GM data, has grown with the field.

We present geomorph v4.0 and describe the ways in which this version has dramatically improved upon previous versions. We also present a new graphical user interface for easy implementation, gmShiny.

These contributions position geomorph to be the primary tool for GM analyses, particularly those employing a phylogenetic comparative approach.