bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA pull-down confocal nanoscanning (RP-CONA) detects quercetin as pri-miR-7/HuR interaction inhibitor that decreases α-synuclein levels
Authors: Zhu Siran , Choudhury Nila Roy , Rooney Saul , Pham Nhan T , Koszela Joanna , Kelly David , Spanos Christos , Rappsilber Juri , Auer Manfred , Michlewski Gracjan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRNA–protein interactions are central to all gene expression processes and contribute to a variety of human diseases. Therapeutic approaches targeting RNA–protein interactions have shown promising effects on some diseases that are previously regarded as ‘incurable’. Here, we developed a fluorescent on-bead screening platform, RNA Pull-Down COnfocal NAnoscanning (RP-CONA), to identify RNA–protein interaction modulators in eukaryotic cell extracts. Using RP-CONA, we identified small molecules that disrupt the interaction between HuR, an inhibitor of brain-enriched miR-7 biogenesis, and the conserved terminal loop of pri-miR-7–1. Importantly, miR-7′s primary target is an mRNA of α-synuclein, which contributes to the aetiology of Parkinson’s disease. Our method identified a natural product quercetin as a molecule able to upregulate cellular miR-7 levels and downregulate the expression of α-synuclein. This opens up new therapeutic avenues towards treatment of Parkinson’s disease as well as provides a novel methodology to search for modulators of RNA–protein interaction.
Lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 is a missing link in MAPK signaling-mediated yield control
Authors: Xiao Wenjun , Hu Shuai , Zou Xiaoxiao , Cai Ruqiong , Liao Rui , Lin Xiaoxia , Yao Ruifeng , Guo Xinhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The energy allocation for vegetative and reproductive growth is regulated by developmental signals and environmental cues, which subsequently affects seed output. However, the molecular mechanism underlying how plants coordinate yield-related traits to control yield in changing source–sink relationships remains largely unknown. Here, we discovered the lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 as a specific receptor-like kinase that coordinates silique number, seed size, and seed number to determine seed yield in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The lecrk-VIII.2 mutants develop smaller seeds, but more siliques and seeds, leading to increased yield. In contrast, the plants overexpressing LecRK-VIII.2 form bigger seeds, but less siliques and seeds, which results in similar yield to that of wild-type plants. Interestingly, LecRK-VIII.2 promotes the growth of the rosette, root, and stem by coordinating the source–sink relationship. Additionally, LecRK-VIII.2 positively regulates cell expansion and proliferation in the seed coat, and maternally controls seed size. The genetic and biochemical analyses demonstrated that LecRK-VIII.2 acts upstream of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene MPK6 to regulate silique number, seed size, and seed number. Collectively, these findings uncover LecRK-VIII.2 as an upstream component of the MAPK signaling pathway to control yield-related traits and suggest its potential for crop improvement aimed at developing plants with stable yield, a robust root system, and improved lodging resistance.
Electron wave functions in beta-decay formulas revisited (I): Gamow–Teller and spin-dipole contributions to allowed and first-forbidden transitions
Authors: Horiuchi Wataru , Sato Toru , Uesaka Yuichi , Yoshida Kenichi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We propose formulas of the nuclear beta-decay rate that are useful in a practical calculation. The decay rate is determined by the product of the lepton and hadron current densities. A widely used formula relies upon the fact that the low-energy lepton wave functions in a nucleus can be well approximated by a constant and are linear to the radius for the $s$-wave and $p$-wave wave functions, respectively. We find, however, that the deviation from such a simple approximation is evident for heavy nuclei with large $Z$ by numerically solving the Dirac equation. In our proposed formulas, the neutrino wave function is treated exactly as a plane wave, while the electron wave function is obtained by iteratively solving the integral equation, thus we can control the uncertainty of the approximate wave function. The leading-order approximation gives a formula equivalent to the conventional one and overestimates the decay rate. We demonstrate that the next-to-leading-order formula reproduces well the exact result for a schematic transition density as well as a microscopic one obtained by a nuclear energy-density functional method.
Infections in immunosuppressed travellers with autoimmune inflammatory diseases—a narrative review and advice for clinical practice
Authors: Allen Victoria , Longley Nicky 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The management of autoimmune, inflammatory diseases has been revolutionized by biologic therapies. A beneficial consequence of better disease control is that more patients are well enough to travel the world. There is now a class of traveller, the significantly immunosuppressed person with autoimmune disease, with specific risks and requirements. This review introduces the concept of the pre-travel risk assessment and discusses the major vaccine-preventable and non-vaccine-preventable travel-associated infections. The challenges and controversies around vaccination and immunosuppression are reviewed with advice for clinical practice.
Knee joint distraction results in MRI cartilage thickness increase up to 10 years after treatment
Authors: Jansen Mylène P , Mastbergen Simon C , MacKay James W , Turmezei Tom D , Lafeber Floris 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Knee joint distraction (KJD) has been shown to result in long-term clinical improvement and short-term cartilage restoration in young OA patients. The objective of the current study was to evaluate MRI cartilage thickness up to 10 years after KJD treatment, using a 3D surface-based approach.

Methods
Twenty end-stage knee OA patients were treated with KJD. MRI scans (1.5 T) were performed before and at 1, 2, 5, 7, and 10 years after treatment. Tibia and femur cartilage segmentation and registration to a canonical surface were performed semi-automatically. Statistical parametric mapping with linear mixed models was used to analyse whole-joint changes. The influence of baseline patient characteristics was analysed with statistical parametric mapping using linear regression. Relevant weight-bearing parts of the femur were selected to obtain the average cartilage thickness in the femur and tibia of the most- (MAC) and least-affected compartment. These compartmental changes over time were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA; missing data was imputed. In all cases, P &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
One and 2 years post-treatment, cartilage in the MAC weight-bearing region was significantly thicker than pre-treatment, gradually thinning after 5 years, but still increased at 10 years post-treatment. Long-term results showed that areas in the least-affected compartment were significantly thicker than pre-treatment. Male sex and more severe OA at baseline somewhat predicted shorter-term benefit (P &gt;0.05). Compartmental analyses showed significant short- and long-term thickness increase in the tibia and femur MAC (all P &lt;0.05).

Conclusion
KJD results in significant short- and long-term cartilage regeneration, up to 10 years post-treatment.

Trial registration
Netherlands Trial Register, https://www.trialregister.nl, NL419.
Maternal depressive symptoms, sleep, and odds of spontaneous early birth: implications for racial inequities in birth outcomes
Authors: Christian Lisa M , Webber Shannon , Gillespie Shannon , Strahm Anna M , Schaffir Jonathan , Gokun Yevgeniya , Porter Kyle 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
Delivery prior to full term affects 37% of US births, including ~400,000 preterm births (&lt;37 weeks) and &gt;1,000,000 early term births (37–38 weeks). Approximately 70% of cases of shortened gestation are spontaneous—without medically-indicated cause. Elucidation of modifiable behavioral factors would have considerable clinical impact.

Methods
This study examined the role of depressive symptoms and sleep quality in predicting the odds of spontaneous shortened gestation among 317 women (135 black, 182 white) who completed psychosocial assessment in mid-pregnancy.

Results
Adjusting for key covariates, black women had 1.89 times higher odds of spontaneous shortened gestation compared to White women (OR [95% CI] = 1.89 [1.01, 3.53], p = 0.046). Women who reported only poor subjective sleep quality (PSQI &gt; 6) or only elevated depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16) exhibited no statistically significant differences in odds of spontaneous shortened gestation compared to those with neither risk factor. However, women with comorbid poor sleep and depressive symptoms exhibited markedly higher odds of spontaneous shortened gestation than those with neither risk factor (39.2% versus 15.7% [OR (95% CI) = 2.69 (1.27, 5.70)], p = 0.01). A higher proportion of black women met criteria for both risk factors (23% of black women versus 11% of white women; p = 0.004), with a lower proportion experiencing neither risk factor (40.7% of black versus 64.3% of white women; p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Additive effects of poor subjective sleep quality and depressive symptoms were observed with markedly higher odds of spontaneous shortened gestation among women with both risk factors. Racial inequities in rates of comorbid exposure corresponded with inequities in shortened gestation. Future empirical studies and intervention efforts should consider the interactive effects of these commonly co-morbid exposures.
Angiotensin II for Near Drowning: A Case Series
Authors: Smith Susan E. , Butler Sydney A. , Martin Joshua , Gerard Daniel , Sikora Newsome Andrea 
Published: May 2021

Objective:
This case series describes the effect of angiotensin II administration on hemodynamics in patients with parenchymal lung injury due to submersion injury.

Case Summary:
A 33-year-old female and a 72-year-old female were both brought to the emergency department after incidents of near drowning. Upon arrival to the emergency department, both patients were hemodynamically unstable and were eventually intubated for airway protection. Imaging done by conventional chest radiograph for both patients revealed bilateral pulmonary edema. Due to their hemodynamic status, vasopressors were initiated for both patients and were quickly titrated, leading to the initiation of angiotensin II. In one patient, angiotensin II was initiated early in shock and resulted in rapid improvement of hemodynamics. In the other patient, angiotensin II was initiated later and a more muted response was observed.

Conclusions:
In patients with near drowning, angiotensin II appeared to improve hemodynamic status rapidly. This is the first case series to report the use of this new vasoactive agent in this population and poses noteworthy mechanistic considerations.
Glycogen Debrancher Enzyme Deficiency Myopathy
Authors: Sadeh Menachem , Yosovich Keren , Dabby Ron 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type III is a rare inherited disease caused by decreased activity of glycogen debranching enzyme. It affects primarily the liver, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle. Pure involvement of the skeletal muscle with adult onset is extremely rare. We report on a patient with myopathy due to glycogen storage disease III, and describe the clinical features, and pathologic and genetic findings.
Preliminary report of post-Ophira mini sling implantation voiding pattern: What to learn from pressure-flow studies?
Authors: Gon Lucas Mira , Andrade Danilo Leite , Palma Paulo , Reis Leonardo O. , Riccetto Cássio Luis Zanettini 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background:
The study is amined to correlate the voiding pattern after successful mini sling Ophira implantation with postoperative symptoms and satisfaction, in addition to identifying obstructions.

Materials and methods:
From 2012 to 2015 in a single institution, all consecutive patients who had stress urinary incontinence treated by using the mini sling Ophira had a pre- and 12 months postoperative urodynamic test. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Urinary Incontinence – Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) translated into Portuguese, were given. Patients were objectively considered cured when presenting no urinary incontinence at the Valsalva test and subjectively cured when the ICIQ-UI-SF was zero.

Results:
Questionnaire scores were obtained from 29 patients and urodynamic data from 20 patients. Mini sling Ophira implantation resulted in a significant improvement of urinary symptoms evidenced by a significant mean reduction in ICIQ-UI-SF from 16 to 5 (p < 0.0001) and ICIQ-OAB from 8 to 4 (p = 0.0001). The subjective and objective cure rates were 55% and 45%, respectively. The urodynamic changes were not related to success even when adjusted for age, hormonal status, or anterior pelvic organ prolapse. The mean maximum flow decreased to 4.9 mL/s (95% CI: 0.62–10.8; p = 0.035), and the mean detrusor pressure at maximum flow increased to 11.4 cmH2O (95% CI: 4–18; p = 0.0078).

Conclusions:
Mini sling Ophira implantation decreased maximum urinary flow and increased the detrusor pressure at the maximum urinary flow and these urodynamic changes were not related to success.
Quercetin, Perillyl Alcohol, and Berberine Ameliorate Right Ventricular Disorders in Experimental Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Effects on miR-204, miR-27a, Fibrotic, Apoptotic, and Inflammatory Factors
Authors: Rajabi Soodeh , Najafipour Hamid , Jafarinejad-Farsangi Saeideh , Joukar Siyavash , Beik Ahmad , Askaripour Majid , Jafari Elham , Safi Zohreh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a pulmonary vascular disease causing right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, failure, and death. Some miRNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of PAH. As the current treatments cannot prevent the progression of the disease, we investigated whether 3 plant derivatives, namely perillyl alcohol (PA), quercetin (QS), and berberine (BBR), can improve RV function and affect the expression of miR-204, miR-27a, and biochemical factors in monocrotaline-induced PAH (MCT-PAH). Thirty-six rats were divided into control (CTL), MCT, MCT+Veh (vehicle), MCT+PA, MCT+QS, and MCT + BBR groups (n = 6 each). After inducing PAH using MCT (60 mg/kg), PA (50 mg/kg), QS (30 mg/kg), and BBR (30 mg/kg) were administrated daily for 3 weeks. miR-204 expression, total antioxidant capacity, and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 significantly declined in the RV of PAH rats, and PA, QS, and BBR treatment significantly compensated for these decreases. Proapoptotic protein Bax and p21 cell cycle inhibitor increased in the RV. All 3 herbal derivatives compensated for Bax increase, and BBR caused a decrease in p21. TNFα, IL-6, and malondialdehyde increased in the RV, and PA, QS, and BBR significantly counterbalanced these increases. miR-27a expression was not affected by MCT and plant derivatives. Overall, PA, QS, and BBR improved ventricular disorders in rats with PAH by decreasing inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis and increasing the antioxidant-to-oxidant ratio. Therefore, these herbal derivatives may be considered as target therapeutic goals for this disease either alone or in combination with current medications.
Quality metrics in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery
Authors: Khalil Susan , Kossl Kelsey , Pasik Sara , Brodman Michael , Ascher-Walsh Charles 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of review
Quality improvement and patient safety are relevant to the advancement of clinical care, particularly in the field of minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS). Although safety and feasibility of MIGS have been established, identification of quality metrics in this field is also necessary.

Recent findings
Surgical quality improvement has focused on national overarching measures to reduce mortality, surgical site infections (SSIs), and complications. Quality improvement in minimally invasive surgery has additionally led to advancements in postoperative patient recovery and long-term outcomes. Process measures in minimally invasive surgery include use of bundles and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs. However, procedure-specific quality metrics for MIGS outcomes are poorly defined at this time.

Summary
Quality metrics in minimally invasive gynecology are well defined for structural measures and select process measures. Creation of relevant benchmarks for outcome measures in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery are needed.
Malnutrition, Family Support, and Possible Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Hsu Ching-I , Wei Jeng , Tung Heng-Hsin , Peng Li-Ning , Chen Liang-Kung , Liu Chieh-Yu 
Published: May 2021

Background
Possible sarcopenia, aortic valve stenosis, and malnutrition are important issues that afflict older adults.

Objective
The aims of this study were to compare the differences in nutritional status and family support in older adults with possible sarcopenia and those without sarcopenia after undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and to identify the predictors of malnutrition and demonstrate changes in heart function over time after undergoing TAVI.

Methods
A case-control design was conducted. Possible sarcopenia was identified by measuring calf circumference, grip strength, and gait speed. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and numerical family support rating scale were used to collect data. Left ventricular ejection fraction and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class were assessed at 5 time points to evaluate heart function.

Results
Eighty-one participants were categorized into those without sarcopenia (34) and those with possible sarcopenia (47). Logistic linear regression showed albumin and possible sarcopenia to be predictors of malnutrition (odds ratio, 5.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–30.19). Family support was associated with nutrition status (P = .019). For patient heart function, the results of NYHA functional class and left ventricular ejection fraction improved over time after TAVI. The improvement in NYHA functional class at T2 was significantly different between the 2 groups compared with that at T0.

Conclusions
The nutrition level was higher among participants without sarcopenia than those with possible sarcopenia. Approximately 90% of the participants indicated that they had high family support. Demographic factors and albumin levels could be used to evaluate risk of malnutrition. Patients without possible sarcopenia showed greater improvement in NYHA class.
Effect of Exenatide Use on Cognitive and Affective Functioning in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Eren-Yazicioglu Candan Yasemin , Kara Buket , Sancak Seda , Uysal Sanem Pinar , Yazici Dilek , Okuroglu Nalan , Whitton Alexis E. , Rutherford Ashleigh V. , Yapici-Eser Hale 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Purpose/Background
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a molecule used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Given their widespread expression in the nervous system, GLP-1 receptors also play a role in regulating mood and cognitive function. Here, we aimed to compare obese patients with T2DM, with or without exenatide (a GLP-1R agonist) use on cognitive and affective functioning.

Methods/Procedures
A total of 43 patients with T2DM (23 on exenatide and 20 without exenatide) were evaluated with the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Chronic Stress Scale, in addition to laboratory-based measures of reward learning (the probabilistic reward task) and working memory (Letter-N-Back task).

Findings/Results
Patients on exenatide had higher body mass index (BMI) (37.88 ± 5.44 vs 35.29 ± 6.30; P = 0.015), PHQ-9 (9.70 ± 4.92 vs 6.70 ± 4.66; P = 0.026), and PSS (29.39 ± 6.70 vs 23.35 ± 7.69; P = 0.015) scores. Other stress scales (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Chronic Stress Scale), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores, response bias, or discriminability as assessed by probabilistic reward task and self-report (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire) and laboratory-based (Letter-N-Back) cognitive measures were not significantly different between groups (both Ps > 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analyses adding BMI and PSS as covariates revealed that although BMI had no effect (P = 0.5), PSS significantly predicted PHQ-9 scores (P = 0.004). Mediation analysis showed that exenatide users reported higher PSS, with greater PSS associated with higher PHQ-9 levels (b = 0.236). There was no evidence on exenatide directly influencing PHQ-9 independent of PSS (c′ = 1.573; P = 0.305; 95% bootstrap confidence interval, −1.487 to 4.634).

Implications/Conclusions
Based on previous research and our findings, exenatide use might be mediating depression scores through disrupting stress responses.
Identification of a Risk Profile for New-Onset Diabetes After Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Firkins Stephen A. , Hart Phil A. , Papachristou Georgios I. , Lara Luis F. , Cruz-Monserrate Zobeida , Hinton Alice , Conwell Darwin L. , Bradley David P. , Krishna Somashekar G. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives
There is a paucity of studies evaluating predictors of new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) after acute pancreatitis (AP-related DM). We used a population-based database to evaluate predictors of AP-related DM.

Methods
The Nationwide Readmissions Database (2010–2014) was used to identify all nondiabetic adults with an index primary diagnosis of AP. Multiple exclusions were applied to identify cohorts with and without AP-related DM. A case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for developing AP-related DM within the calendar year.

Results
We identified 2510 subjects with AP-related DM and 40,308 controls with AP who did not develop DM. Multivariable analysis revealed that increasing age (50–64 years; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–1.60), male sex (aOR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.03–1.40), lowest income quartile (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.18–1.84), Elixhauser comorbidity index of 3 or higher (aOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.23–1.75), components of metabolic syndrome (aOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.21–3.70), severe AP (aOR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.34–1.90), and recurrent AP (aOR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24–1.72) were independently associated with increased risk of AP-related DM.

Conclusions
These population-level variables predictive of developing AP-related DM can potentially identify patients who may benefit from closer follow-up, intensive education, and implementation of preventative strategies.