bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nodal dynamic charging price formulation for electric vehicle through the Stackelberg game considering grid congestion
Authors: Zhang Qian , Sun Tao , Ding Zhuwei , Li Chunyan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe disordered charging of electric vehicles (EVs) may result in transmission congestion during the peak load period; therefore, a nodal dynamic charging price (NDCP) strategy is proposed to schedule the charging activity of regional electric vehicle agents (REVAs) to manage congestion. REVA is responsible for meeting the charging demand of users at a minimum charging cost, while the grid aims at minimising the congestion management cost and regulates the charging price of different nodes. The Stackelberg game theory is used to model the negotiation process of charging price, and the congestion contribution index is proposed to determine the congestion cost that the user side should be allocated. The proposed approach is implemented on a modified IEEE 30 bus system, and the results show that the congestion caused by EVs is reduced effectively, while the charging cost and congestion cost are also optimised.
Indirect-direct band gap transition driven by strain in semiconducting Cu2Se monolayer
Authors: Du Renjun , Liu Liming , Shangguan Wei , Cai Jinming , Dai Jianqing , Gao Lei , Yan Cuixia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cu2Se monolayer (ML) synthesized experimentally is a member of transition metal chalcogenides materials, which has attracted significant attention due to its diversity and unique properties. However, the feature of an indirect band gap of Cu2Se ML in the low-temperature phase limits its’ application in electronics devices. Our study results based on the first principle calculations show that indirect-direct band gap transitions can occur in Cu2Se ML under appropriate uniaxial or biaxial strains. The band gap of Cu2Se ML is controllable due to the different responses of the edge-states near the Fermi level to the strain. The phonon dispersion suggests that the semiconducting Cu2Se ML can maintain dynamic stability in a wide range of strains. With the tunable electronic structure, semiconducting Cu2Se ML would become a promising candidate for electronic devices.
Surface radiation characteristics of the Ali area, Northern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Ge Wang , Lin Han , Xinying Tang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study analyses the diurnal seasonal mean and the seasonal and annual variation in the radiation budget at the Ali Meteorological Bureau observation station in the northern Tibetan Plateau for 2019. The results indicate that the daily average variation in incidental shortwave and reflected radiation across all seasons in the Ali area had typical unimodal symmetry. The average daily variation in incidental shortwave radiation was in phase with reflected radiation, but the amplitude of the incidental shortwave radiation was greater than that of reflected radiation. The daily amplitude, daily average, and monthly average upwelling longwave radiation were greater than those for downwelling radiation, and the diurnal cycle of downwelling atmospheric radiation lagged behind that of upwelling longwave radiation. The daily amplitude of surface net radiation in winter in the Ali area was less than in other seasons, as expected, and the seasonal transformation had a great impact on the net radiation for this region. The net radiative energy at the surface was highest in late spring and early summer, which played a decisive role in the formation of terrestrial and atmospheric heating.
A case report of a young patient with both Brugada and long QT3 syndrome: between the hammer and the anvil
Authors: Abu Dogoshh Ala , Konstantino Yuval , Haim Moti 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited disorder associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The most common genetic alteration is a loss of function mutation of SCN5A gene. Several mutations in SCN5A gene were found to be associated with an overlap phenotype of both BrS and long QT3 (LQT3) syndrome.

Case summary
We report of a 29-year-old man with familial LQT3 syndrome that was diagnosed at age 6 during evaluation of syncope. He has been treated for several years with Flecainide. Now presented with recurrent episodes of syncope. Electrocardiogram (ECG) upon admission was notable for Brugada type 1 pattern that was attenuated after Flecainide was discontinued. Genetic analysis revealed SCN5A 1790D&gt;G mutation that is associated with overlap of LQT3 and BrS. Due to recurrent syncope and difficult management of both LQT3 and BrS, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was implanted together with beta-blockers treatment. The patient was discharged home with no evidence of Brugada type 1 pattern on his ECG. He had no further syncope or arrhythmias during 6 months of follow-up.

Discussion
There are few reports describing the phenotypic overlap between LQT3 and BrS. Despite the confirmed genetic link between both syndromes, their management strategy is controversial. In particularly, the treatment with sodium channel blockers for LQT3 syndrome may increase the risk for arrhythmias in patients with coexisting BrS. The present case demonstrates the link between LQT3 and BrS and the difficult dilemma in the management of these patients.
The endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response – homeostasis, cell death and evolution in virus infections
Authors: Prasad Vibhu , Greber Urs F 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Viruses elicit cell and organismic stress, and offset homeostasis. They trigger intrinsic, innate and adaptive immune responses, which limit infection. Viruses restore homeostasis by harnessing evolutionary conserved stress responses, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPRER). The canonical UPRER restores homeostasis based on a cell-autonomous signalling network modulating transcriptional and translational output. The UPRER remedies cell damage, but upon severe and chronic stress leads to cell death. Signals from the UPRER flow along three branches with distinct stress sensors, the inositol requiring enzyme (Ire) 1, protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), and the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). This review shows how both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses use the UPRER to control cell stress and metabolic pathways, and thereby enhance infection and progeny formation, or undergo cell death. We highlight how the Ire1 axis bypasses apoptosis, boosts viral transcription and maintains dormant viral genomes during latency and persistence periods concurrent with long term survival of infected cells. These considerations open new options for oncolytic virus therapies against cancer cells where the UPRER is frequently upregulated. We conclude with a discussion of the evolutionary impact that viruses, in particular retroviruses, and anti-viral defense has on the UPRER.
Validation of a Commercial Reagent for the Depletion of Biotin from Serum/Plasma: A Rapid and Simple Tool to Detect Biotin Interference with Immunoassay Testing
Authors: Katzman Brooke M , Hain Erin A , Donato Leslie J , Baumann Nikola A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
It is important for clinical laboratories to have protocols for investigating suspected biotin interference in patient samples. VeraPrep Biotin™ is a commercial product used to rapidly deplete biotin from serum/plasma samples. The objectives of this study were to verify that VeraPrep Biotin™: (a) does not impact immunoassay analyte recovery in control samples and (b) can effectively deplete biotin from samples (both biotin-spiked and samples from donors who ingested biotin supplements).

Methods
De-identified residual waste serum/plasma samples were combined to create 9 pools for each immunoassay. Plasma/serum samples (n = 23) were obtained from 6 healthy donors at varying times following ingestion of biotin (20 mg, 100 mg, or 200 mg). Nine Elecsys immunoassays were evaluated using the e 602 (Roche Diagnostics Inc.). Control, biotin-spiked (n = 10, ∼400 ng/mL), and donor samples were assayed pre- and post-VeraPrep treatment. Percentage analyte recovery [(posttreatment/pretreatment) × 100] was calculated for control samples. A laboratory-developed LC–MS/MS method was used to quantify biotin.

Results
In control samples (n = 81), 90–110% analyte recovery was observed post-VeraPrep treatment in over 95% of samples (77/81). The pre- and post-VeraPrep treatment biotin concentration [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] for specimens spiked with up to 500 ng/mL biotin was 357 ± 47 ng/mL and 1.0 ± 0.6 ng/mL, respectively. The mean (range) biotin concentration for the donor samples pre- and post-treatment was 166 (15–1029)  ng/mL and 0.2 (&lt;0.1–3)  ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.004).

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that treatment with VeraPrep Biotin™ does not affect analyte recovery in biotin-negative samples and effectively depletes both spiked and endogenous biotin in serum/plasma.
Ubiquitination-mediated degradation of TRDMT1 regulates homologous recombination and therapeutic response
Authors: Zhu Xiaolan , Wang Xiangyu , Yan Wei , Yang Haibo , Xiang Yufei , Lv Fengping , Shi Yi , Li Hong-yu , Lan Li 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The RNA methyltransferase TRDMT1 has recently emerged as a key regulator of homologous recombination (HR) in the transcribed regions of the genome, but how it is regulated and its relevance in cancer remain unknown. Here, we identified that TRDMT1 is poly-ubiquitinated at K251 by the E3 ligase TRIM28, removing TRDMT1 from DNA damage sites and allowing completion of HR. Interestingly, K251 is adjacent to G155 in the 3D structure, and the G155V mutation leads to hyper ubiquitination of TRDMT1, reduced TRDMT1 levels and impaired HR. Accordingly, a TRDMT1 G155V mutation in an ovarian cancer super responder to platinum treatment. Cells expressing TRDMT1-G155V are sensitive to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, high expression of TRDMT1 in patients with ovarian cancer correlates with platinum resistance. A potent TRDMT1 inhibitor resensitizes TRDMT1-high tumor cells to cisplatin. These results suggest that TRDMT1 is a promising therapeutic target to sensitize ovarian tumors to platinum therapy.
Muscle-fiber array inspired, multiple-mode, pneumatic artificial muscles through planar design and one-step rolling fabrication
Authors: Zou Jiang , Feng Miao , Ding Ningyuan , Yan Peinan , Xu Haipeng , Yang Dezhi , Fang Nicholas X , Gu Guoying , Zhu Xiangyang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAdvances in development of artificial muscles have enabled creation of soft robots with biological dexterity and self-adaption in unstructured environments; however, production of scalable artificial muscles with multiple-mode actuations remains elusive. Inspired by muscle-fiber arrays in muscular hydrostats, we present a class of versatile artificial muscles called MAIPAMs (muscle-fiber array inspired pneumatic artificial muscles), capable of multiple-mode actuations (such as parallel elongation-bending-spiraling actuations, 10 parallel bending actuations and cascaded elongation-bending-spiraling actuations). Our MAIPAMs consist of active 3D elastomer-balloon arrays reinforced by a passive elastomer membrane, achieved through a planar design and one-step rolling fabrication approach. We introduce prototypical designs for the MAIPAMs and demonstrate their muscle-mimic structures and versatility, as well as their scalable ability to integrate flexible but non-stretchable layers for contraction and twisting actuation modes and compliant electrodes for self-sensing. We further demonstrate that this class of artificial muscles shows potential for versatile robotic applications, such as carrying a camera for recording videos, gripping or manipulating objects, and climbing a pipe-line.
Chronic kidney disease unawareness and determinants using 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Authors: Florea Ana , Jacobs Elizabeth T , Harris Robin B , Klimentidis Yann C , Thajudeen Bijin , Kohler Lindsay N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 15% of the United States (US) population, &lt;10% of the US CKD population is aware of their disease. This is significant as untreated CKD can progress to end-stage renal disease which would require dialysis or transplantation. This study aimed to provide updated information regarding US CKD unawareness.

Methods
Data from the 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used (n = 38 474); response rate &gt; 70%. CKD self-report and lab-confirmed CKD were used to assess CKD unawareness. Adjusted logistic regression models examined association between unawareness and patient characteristics.

Results
In individuals with lab-confirmed CKD (n = 7137, 14.3%), 91.5% answered ‘no’ to self-report question; in those without CKD, 1.1% answered ‘yes’ to self-report question. In those with lab-confirmed CKD, in the adjusted models, increased age [odds ratio (ORs), 1.03 (95%CI, 1.02–1.04)] and female sex [OR, 1.37 (95%CI, 1.08–1.72)] were statistically significantly associated with greater odds of being unaware of CKD.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrated high unawareness of disease status as there was a discrepancy between respondents’ self-reported CKD diagnosis and lab-confirmed CKD. Older individuals and women may be more unaware of their CKD; these groups should be queried about reasons for increased unawareness.
SHOULD WE BEGIN REGULATING THE RADIATION SAFETY OF CABINET X-RAY SYSTEMS?
Authors: Zhai Shuguang , Tian Qingxiang , Wang Hongfang , Kong Yuxia , Bai Bin , Cui Limeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Radiation measurements were conducted at 22 cabinet X-ray systems in Beijing, China, between 2015 and 2019. The median dose rates in the closed-drapes position were 0.11, 0.14, 0.12, 0.14, 0.34 and 0.17 μGy h−1 at the operator position and 5 cm from the surface of the left side, right side, top, entrance and exit, respectively. When a scattering object was passed through the entrance/exit (open-drapes position), the dose rates of eight systems ranged from 1.19 to 6.72 μGy h−1 (median: 3.75 μGy h−1). From 2015 to 2019, we monitored the personal dose equivalent Hp (10) 589 times. The personal dose equivalent of three workers exceeded 1 mSv year−1. However, the integrity of equipment shielding needs to be checked regularly to ensure safe operation. The regulation of radiation protection by employers, technician support institutes or government departments is thus warranted to limit the radiation exposure of workers and the public.
Bisphenol F Exposure in Adolescent Heterogeneous Stock Rats Affects Growth and Adiposity
Authors: Wagner Valerie A , Clark Karen C , Carrillo-Sáenz Leslie , Holl Katie A , Velez-Bermudez Miriam , Simonsen Derek , Grobe Justin L , Wang Kai , Thurman Andrew , Solberg Woods Leah C , Lehmler Hans-Joachim , Kwitek Anne E 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBisphenol F (BPF) is increasingly substituting bisphenol A in manufacturing polycarbonates and consumer products. The cardiometabolic effects of BPF in either humans or model organisms are not clear, and no studies to date have investigated the role of genetic background on susceptibility to BPF-induced cardiometabolic traits. The primary goal of this project was to determine if BPF exposure influences growth and adiposity in male N:NIH heterogeneous stock (HS) rats, a genetically heterogeneous population. Littermate pairs of male HS rats were randomly exposed to either vehicle (0.1% ethanol) or 1.125 µg/ml BPF in 0.1% ethanol for 5 weeks in drinking water starting at 3 weeks-of-age. Water consumption and body weight was measured weekly, body composition was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance, urine and feces were collected in metabolic cages, and blood and tissues were collected at the end of the study. BPF-exposed rats showed significantly increased body growth and abdominal adiposity, risk factors for cardiometabolic disease. Urine output was increased in BPF-exposed rats, driving a trend in increased creatinine clearance. We also report the first relationship between a bisphenol metabolizing enzyme and a bisphenol-induced phenotype. Preliminary heritability estimates of significant phenotypes suggest that BPF exposure may alter trait variation. These findings support BPF exposure as a cardiometabolic disease risk factor and indicate that the HS rat will be a useful model for dissecting gene by BPF interactions on metabolic health.
Does the Approach of the Lateral Platysmal Bands Widen the Gap between the Medial Bands?
Authors: Charles-de-Sá Luiz , Gontijo-de-Amorim Natale F. , Loureiro Claro Valéria , Vieira Diogo Maciel Lobão , de Andrade Gustavo Maltez , Dantas-Rocha Lucas , da Silva Cláudio Gonçalves Ramos , Abboudib José Horácio , de Castro Cláudio Cardoso 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The first visible change in an aging face and neck is the loss of neck contour, which can be corrected by treating the platysmal bands; however, it remains unclear as to which is the best strategy to approach these bands. The aim of the present study is to verify whether the lateral platysmal bands approaches, before the medial ones, cause widening of the gap between them.

Methods:
This is a prospective, randomized, comparative study involving 30 individuals presenting various stages of neck and facial flaccidity and sagging. The patients were split into 2 groups according to the lateral platysmal approach (group A: lateral platysmal traction/plication; group B: lateral platysmal undermined/traction). A protocol was established to measure the gap between the medial bands, 3 and 5 cm away from the chin, before and after superficial musculoaponeurotic system/platysma lateral suspension. Measurements were taken using a compass and a ruler. The endpoint was to determine whether the gap between the medial platysmal bands widens after the lateral procedure.

Results:
Group A, first measure (1-M): the gap ranged between 1.0 and 1.6 cm in point M3 (3 cm away from chin) and between 1.8 and 3.0 cm in point M5 (5 cm away from chin) (mean in M3 = 1.2; SD, 0.22 and mean in M5 =2.3; SD, 0.52). Group A, second measure (2-M): the measure ranged between 1.0 and 1.7 cm in point M3 and between 1.8 and 3.2 cm in point M5 (mean = 1.28; SD, 0.25 and mean = 2.42; SD, 0.63, respectively). Group B, first measure (1-M): the gap ranged between 1.1 and 1.7 cm in M3 (mean = 1.32; SD, 0.21) and between 1.8 and 3.2 cm in M5 (mean = 2.38; SD, 0.57). Group B, second measure (2-M): the measure ranged between 1.2 and 1.7 cm in M3 (mean = 1.4; SD, 0.18) and between 2.0 and 3.2 cm in M5 (mean = 2.5; SD, 0.55). Group A: P = 0.07 (M3) and 0.10 (M5); Group B: P = 0.09 (M3) and 0.07 (M5).

Conclusion:
The lateral platysmal approach, plication or undermined, does not lead to a widening of the gap between the medial platysmal bands.
Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma versus Saline Solution as a Preservation Solution for Hair Transplantation
Authors: Abdelkader Rasha , Abdalbary Sahar , Naguib Ibrahim , Makarem Kyrillos 
Published: March 2021

Background:Hair transplantation is the only method available to regrow new hairs; hence, enhancing the results of this procedure using state-of-the-art methods has become mandatory in clinical practice. Recent studies have suggested that significant improvements in hair density and stimulation of hair growth occur when follicular units are pretreated with platelet plasma growth factors before implantation. This study aimed to investigate and compare the outcomes of this procedure using platelet-rich plasma (PRP)–preserved hair grafts and saline-preserved hair grafts.Methods:This is a randomized controlled study. The study included 27 men and 3 women aged 22–51 years. Clinical examination (general and local) and preoperative marking were performed in these patients. The surgical technique involved graft extraction, PRP preparation, and hair implantation. Postsurgical patient satisfaction and clinical improvement were evaluated.Results:There were significant differences between the groups in hair uptake and hair thickness after 1 year follow-up, withPvalue <0.05. Using PRP therapy with follicular unit extraction increases the success of follicular unit extraction hair transplantation. All participants in the PRP group had >75% hair regrowth after 6 months. They had more rapid improvements in hair density and skin recovery than those in the non-PRP group.Conclusion:Preserving hair grafts in PRP before implantation increases the hair density, the graft uptake, and the hair thickness compared with pretreatment preservation of hair grafts in saline.
Layered Closure of Lumbosacral Myelomeningocele Defects with Bilateral Paraspinous Muscle and Composite Fasciocutaneous Flaps
Authors: Holoyda Kathleen A. , Kim Erinn N. , Tuncer Fatma B. , Maglic Dino , Hosein Ray C. , Kestle John R. , Siddiqi Faizi A. , Gociman Barbu R. 
Published: March 2021

Summary:
Robust, reliable, and reproducible closure of lumbosacral myelomeningocele defects remains a challenge. In infants with lumbosacral myelomeningocele defects, multiple methods of soft tissue coverage have been described. These include various cutaneous, fascial, and muscle flaps and grafts. This is done with relative ease when ample soft tissue is present but becomes extremely difficult for large and distally located defects. We present here our closure technique of lumbosacral myelomeningocele defects in newborns, with associated short- and medium-term outcomes. We demonstrate the anatomy of this technique with fresh cadaver dissection and present a review of demographic and outcome data of 12 consecutive patients treated with this method from June 2014 to August 2019. No major intra- or postoperative complications have been encountered, with a mean follow-up of 22.2 months and median follow up of 18 months. After the neurosurgical repair of lumbosacral myelomeningocele, bilateral composite fascial flaps composed of thoracolumbar and gluteus maximus fascia are elevated in continuity. The paraspinous muscle flaps are then elevated, disinserted distally, and medialized to provide complete muscular coverage of the dural repair. The bilateral composite fascial flaps are medialized and closed over the deep paraspinous muscle flap repair. Two patients experienced areas of small, superficial skin necrosis, one of which healed by secondary intention and the other by debridement and full-thickness skin grafting. Use of bilateral paraspinous muscle flaps and bilateral composite fascial flaps composed of thoracolumbar and gluteus maximus fascia provides robust coverage of lumbosacral defects following myelomeningocele repair in infants.
Precaution Costs: The Presumption of Breast Cancer Seeding and Its Impact on Surgical Expenditure
Authors: Caudill Antonina R. , Newman Ashley , Davison Steven P. 
Published: March 2021

Summary:
As healthcare costs continue to rise at unsustainable rates (at an average rate of 5.5% a year), expenses without measurable outcomes need review.
1
In reconstructive surgery, empiric change of instruments between oncologic and reconstructive segments of surgery is one such practice. Breast surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), prophylaxis, and partial extirpation has little possible increase in seeding or implantation risk based on the literature. With undue extrapolation from higher risk cancers (such as ovarian), preventative practices of changing out trays, re-gloving, re-gowning, re-preparing, and re-draping between phases persist in operating rooms across the country. From real case costs, the additional expense of 2 surgical setups in the United States is conservatively estimated at $1232 per case, or over $125 million per year for this theoretical risk. Using implantation risk for core breast biopsies as a denominator, this cost is $1.65–$5.8 million per potential recurrence. This is an unacceptably high cost for hypothetical recurrence risk reduction, especially one that does not impact survival outcomes.