bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production optimization of green coffee extracts from Jember robusta (Coffeacanephora) coffee using foam mat drying method
Authors: Pranowo D , Adiatmi A Y , Dewi I A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Robusta coffee contains around 10% polyphenol compounds. The roasting process could change the chemical composition and biological activity ofcoffee thusreduced polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Production of the green coffee extract was performed by foam mat drying method, whichrequiresencapsulating materials such as maltodextrin and foaming agent tween 80. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentration of maltodextrin and tween 80 to obtain high phenol content and strong antioxidant activity of green coffee extract powder. This research used Response Surface Methodology with Central Composite Design using two factors namely maltodextrin concentration (12%; 17%; 22%) and tween 80 (0.4%, 0.9%; 1.4%). The optimum solution results were obtained in the treatment of maltodextrin and tween 80 concentrations of 14.78% and tween 80 of 0.93% which produced green coffee extract powder with a total phenol content of 183.639 mg GAE/g and IC50 values of 25.187 ppm.
Bioentrepreneurship approach as a pillar to accelerate the integrated farming system implementation
Authors: Wulandari S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Integrated Farming System (IFS), as one of the bioeconomy models, operates with a variety of agricultural activities interaction to optimize benefits through the synergistic transfer of resources. In IFS, implementation of Integrated Crop Livestock Systems (ICLS) is more complicated than Mixed Crops System (MCS). The ICLS need to be operated by individuals who aspire to generate values through the creation or expansion of economic activity, by identifying and exploring new products, processes or markets. It has specific characteristics in strategy, competencies and management. It aligns with the entrepreneurship aspect, which in agriculture is known as bioentrepreneurship. One strategy to achieve it is by implementing bioentrepreneurship approach. This study is intended to identify the aspects and elements of bioentrepreneurship and analysis in a case study. The analysis used radar charts that map the value of each element of the aspect of bioentrepreneurship based on its important values and real score. Analysis of bioentrepreneurship is divided into entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial learning abilities, and entrepreneurial network capabilities. Entrepreneurial orientation generally refers to autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. Entrepreneurial learning capacity is related to knowledge and skills, collaboration, and culture of sustainable improvement, while entrepreneurial networking capability is about constructing bonding, bridging, and linking capability.
Siwak (Salvadora persica) extract as a natural anti-halitosis mouth spray
Authors: Resmisari R S , Wicaksono S T , Alfiani N , Effendi S R N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bad breath or halitosis is a pathologist that often experienced in the community. Bacteria that play a specific role in halitosis are anaerobic. To overcome bad breath due to the development of bacteria in the oral cavity is using Siwak spray. Siwak solution is obtained through maceration. The maceration results went through several stages of testing, namely, organoleptic, pH, and antibacterial testing through Nutrient Agar (NA). Analysis of the quantitative data obtained using the Friedman method. The organoleptic results show that the concentration of 1% that was most accepted by 76.66% of the panellists. The optimal bacterial inhibition was at a concentration of 2%. The pH for the 1% Siwak concentration was the best matches.
Techno-economic analysis of mung bean-based (Vigna radiata L.) synbiotic beverage production
Authors: Andriana Y , Iwansyah A C , Minh T N , Indriati A , Mayasti N K I , Anggara C E W , Astro H M , Rahman N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The demand for healthy drinks produced by combining bioactive carbohydrates and probiotic microorganisms increases during the rising of customer awareness related to digestive health issues. In this study, a techno-economic analysis was conducted for establishing a mini-plant to produce a synbiotic fermented drink from mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). From the technological analysis, inulin and Lactobacillus bulgaricus were the most suitable ingredients for mung bean-based synbiotic beverage production. With a total investment of 3,112,000,000, - IDR and a total production capacity of 10,800 kL/year, based on financial analysis, this mini-plant was feasible to be established. This was indicated by some feasibility criteria such as B/C ratio, net present value (NPV), break event point (BEP), internal rate of return (IRR), and pay-back period (PBP) that presented of 1.70, 12.079 billion, 2.8 million packs (@125 mL), 21.78%, 3.46 years, respectively. From location selection analysis, by an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), Kebumen regency was the most suitable location to build this plant due to the availabilities of raw material and water. This study revealed that mung bean-based synbiotic beverage was prospective to be developed and techno-economically feasible.
Microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profile changes in bioconversion of wheat straw
Authors: Nurika I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Serpula lacrymans was shown to grow rapidly on wheat straw solid state fermentation (SSF). This study aimed to determine the pattern of ergosterol and the relative composition of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) produced during fungal growth. The PLFA analysis was carried out on the upper layer of the solvent extraction and was performed on the incubation from 0 up to 35 days. Relative abundant (%) of each fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) produced during the fungal growth was measured by comparing the amount of an individual FAME with the total FAME detected. The dominant PLFA released by the fungi were: 18:2n6c (linoleic acid) 24:1n9 (nervonic acid), 18:1n9c (oleic acid), and 16:0 (palmitic acid). The highest amount of fatty acid produced during the fungal growth is linoleic acid ranged from 186.92-345.78 μg g-1.
Quantum photonics in triangular-cross-section nanodevices in silicon carbide
Authors: Majety Sridhar , Norman Victoria A , Li Liang , Bell Miranda , Saha Pranta , Radulaski Marina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Silicon carbide is evolving as a prominent solid-state platform for the realization of quantum information processing hardware. Angle-etched nanodevices are emerging as a solution to photonic integration in bulk substrates where color centers are best defined. We model triangular cross-section waveguides and photonic crystal cavities using Finite-Difference Time-Domain and Finite-Difference Eigensolver approaches. We analyze optimal color center positioning within the modes of these devices and provide estimates on achievable Purcell enhancement in nanocavities with applications in quantum communications. Using open quantum system modeling, we explore emitter-cavity interactions of multiple non-identical color centers coupled to both a single cavity and a photonic crystal molecule in SiC. We observe polariton and subradiant state formation in the cavity-protected regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics applicable in quantum simulation.
Estimation of Lorentz force detuning and its compensation on 650 MHz βg = 0.92 single cell SCRF cavity
Authors: Rathore M , Jain V K , Singh K K , Puntambekar A M. , Porwal R K. , Atulkar A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Superconducting technologies are widely used in modern radiofrequency (RF) cavities for particle accelerators in various fields of applications. The Superconducting radiofrequency (SCRF) cavities are highly sensitive to small perturbation on cavity dimensions. The operation of the superconducting cavity becomes challenging due to narrow resonance bandwidth on account of a very high-quality factor. The main perturbing source is Lorentz Force acting on the cavity wall, which detunes the cavity from resonance. Finite element (FE) analysis has an important role in Lorentz force detuning (LFD) estimation, which requires coupled-field FE analysis between the structural and RF domains of the cavity. The LFD effect can be mitigated up to a certain extent by using a proper fast tuning methodology. This paper represents the methodology for structural-high frequency electromagnetic coupled field simulation for LFD calculation of 650MHz, βg = 0.92 single-cell SCRF cavity. First, the static LFD is calculated for various voltage gradients of SCRF cavity structure and then dynamic behavior of cavity due to LFD pressure pulse is studied at different pulse widths (PW) and pulse repetition rates (PRR). A comparison of transient FE analysis of the single-cell cavity with one end fixed and another end free and cantilever beam for similar loading is done for benchmarking. To counter the detuning effect, the SCRF cavity employs a piezo tuning device. The dynamic behavior of piezo pulse response on the cavity is also studied. An experimental test of the piezo tuner system has been performed at room temperature to validate the FE coupled simulation. Further, dynamic analysis has been carried for the combined effect of LFD pressure and piezo load pulse to compensate for the LFD effect. Optimizing the piezo load for compensating the frequency shift is also discussed and based on optimum load, LFD has been mitigated for different acceleration gradients.
In-flight sensing of pollen grains via laser scattering and deep learning
Authors: Grant-Jacob James A , Praeger Matthew , Eason Robert W , Mills Ben 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The identification and imaging of pollen grains in-flight was performed via illumination of the pollen grains with three collinear laser beams that had central wavelengths of 450 nm, 520 nm and 635 nm. Two neural networks are reported here; the first neural network was able to categorise pollen grain species from their scattering patterns with ∼86% accuracy, while the second neural network generated images of the pollen grains from their scattering patterns. This work demonstrates the potential application of laser scattering and deep learning for real-world in-flight pollen identification.
Change in Dysfunctional Sleep-Related Beliefs is Associated with Changes in Sleep and Other Health Outcomes Among Older Veterans With Insomnia: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Song Yeonsu , Kelly Monica R , Fung Constance H , Dzierzewski Joseph M , Grinberg Austin M , Mitchell Michael N , Josephson Karen , Martin Jennifer L , Alessi Cathy A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) targets changing dysfunctional sleep-related beliefs. The impact of these changes on daytime functioning in older adults is unknown.

Purpose
We examined whether changes in sleep-related beliefs from pre- to post-CBTI predicted changes in sleep and other outcomes in older adults.

Method
Data included 144 older veterans with insomnia from a randomized controlled trial testing CBTI. Sleep-related beliefs were assessed with the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-16 (DBAS-16, subscales: Consequences, Worry/Helplessness, Sleep Expectations, Medication). Outcomes included sleep diary variables, actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Flinders Fatigue Scale (FFS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and health-related quality of life. Analyses compared slope of change in DBAS subscales from baseline to posttreatment between CBTI and control, and assessed the relationship between DBAS change and the slope of change in outcomes from baseline to 6 months.

Results
Compared to controls, the CBTI group demonstrated stronger associations between improvement in DBAS-Consequences and subsequent improvement in PSQI, ISI, ESS, and FFS. The CBTI group also demonstrated stronger associations between improvement in DBAS-Worry/Helplessness and subsequent improvements in PSQI, ISI, and FFS; improvements in DBAS-Medication and PSQI; and improvements in DBAS-Sleep Expectations and wake after sleep onset (sleep diary) and FFS (all p &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Significant reduction in dysfunctional sleep-related beliefs following CBTI in older adults predicted improvement in several outcomes of sleep and daytime functioning. This suggests the importance of addressing sleep-related beliefs for sustained improvement with CBTI in older veterans.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00781963.
The First of Two One-Year, Multicenter, Open-Label, Repeat-Dose, Phase II Safety Studies of PrabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Glabellar Lines in Adult Patients
Authors: Kaufman-Janette Joely , Avelar Rui L , Biesman Brian S , Draelos Zoe Diana , Gross John E , Jones Derek H , Lupo Mary P , Maas Corey S , Schlessinger Joel , Shamban Ava Teresa , Sundaram Hema , Weinkle Susan H , Young Vernon L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
PrabotulinumtoxinA is a 900-kDa botulinum toxin type A produced by Clostridium botulinum.

Objectives
The authors sought to investigate the safety of prabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of glabellar lines.

Methods
This was a multicenter, open-label, repeat-dose, 1-year phase II safety study. Adults with moderate to severe glabellar lines at maximum frown, as assessed by the investigator on the validated 4-point photonumeric Glabellar Line Scale (0 = no lines, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe), were enrolled. On day 0, patients received an initial treatment of 20 U prabotulinumtoxinA (4 U/0.1 mL freeze-dried formulation injected into 5 target glabellar sites). On and after day 90, patients received a repeat treatment (RT) if their Glabellar Line Scale score was ≥2 at maximum frown by investigator assessment. Safety was evaluated throughout the study.

Results
The 352 study patients received a median total dose of 60 U, that is, 3 treatments per year. Fifty-one patients (14.5%) experienced adverse events (AEs) assessed as possibly study drug related; 11.1% experienced study drug-related AEs after the initial treatment. With each RT, progressively lower percentages of patients experienced study drug-related AEs. Six patients (1.7%) experienced study drug-related AEs of special interest: 3 eyelid ptosis (0.9%), 2 speech disorder (0.6%), and 1 blepharospasm (0.3%). Seven patients (2.0%) experienced serious AEs; none were study drug related. Of the 2393 samples tested, 2 patients (0.6%) tested positive for antibotulinum toxin antibodies at a single postbaseline visit.

Conclusions
The safety of RTs of 20 U of prabotulinumtoxinA for moderate to severe glabellar lines was first established in this early phase II study based on a broad range of outcomes.

Level of Evidence: 2
Applications of Medical Tattooing: A Systematic Review of Patient Satisfaction Outcomes and Emerging Trends
Authors: Becker Stacie J , Cassisi Jeffrey E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Medical tattooing is often applied in the context of plastic, aesthetic, and reconstructive surgery to help achieve the best cosmetic outcome.

Objectives
This article reviews various conditions that medical tattooing has been empirically studied in terms of patient satisfaction outcomes, makes practice recommendations, and suggests future directions for research.

Methods
This review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if the tattooing application was associated with a medical condition and if outcome data were provided using at least a case series methodology. Where no cohort or clinical series exist, case examples are used from the literature and the author’s practice to illustrate emerging medical tattooing applications that need further evaluation.

Results
Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and addressed the following conditions: baldness, vitiligo, scars from incisions, lacerations or burns, and nipple-areola complex reconstruction.

Conclusions
The application of medical tattooing has shown high levels of patient satisfaction across conditions. The practice recommendation grade is “B” or recommend since the level of evidence for these interventions ranged from III to IV according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons guidelines. This means clinicians can consider this treatment alternative, but they should be alert to new information and be sensitive to patient preferences. Recommendations are made for reporting future research including clearly describing procedural details, identifying the professional performing the procedure, increased use of standardized outcome measures, and that satisfaction ratings be assessed by someone independent of the health service provider. Further research using randomized controlled trial methodology with waitlist controls is needed.

Level of Evidence: 4
Triterpenes induced by young apple fruits in response to herbivore attack
Authors: Ohata Yuto , Tetsumoto Yuuki , Morita Sayo , Mori Naoki , Ishiguri Yoichi , Yoshinaga Naoko 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Apples Malus domestica, known as a rich source of triterpene acids, induced more variety and quantity of triterpene acids in response to herbivory or mechanical damage. There were 3 major induced compounds: pomaceic acid and euscaphic acid, both of which are known apple triterpene acids, and 2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxours-12-en-28-oic acid (named eriobotoric acid), which was first identified in apples. In this study, the 3 compounds’ induction curves after damage, varietal differences in induction amounts, and physiological roles against pest insects were further investigated. Eriobotoric acid showed clear antifeedant activity against lepidopteran insect Spodoptera litura but not against apple pests.
Social insect colonies are more likely to accept unrelated queens when they come with workers
Authors: De Gasperin Ornela , Blacher Pierre , Chapuisat Michel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRelatedness underlies the evolution of reproductive altruism, yet eusocial insect colonies occasionally accept unrelated reproductive queens. Why would workers living in colonies with related queens accept unrelated ones, when they do not gain indirect fitness through their reproduction? To understand this seemingly paradox, we investigated whether acceptance of unrelated queens by workers is an incidental phenomenon resulting from failure to recognize non-nestmate queens, or whether it is adaptively favored in contexts where cooperation is preferable to rejection. Our study system is the socially polymorphic Alpine silver ant, Formica selysi. Within populations, some colonies have a single queen, and others have multiple, sometimes unrelated, breeding queens. Social organization is determined by a supergene with two haplotypes. In a first experiment, we investigated whether the number of reproductive queens living in colonies affects the ability of workers at rejecting alien queens, as multiple matrilines within colonies could increase colony odor diversity and reduce workers’ recognition abilities. As workers rejected all alien queens, independently of the number of queens heading their colony, we then investigated whether their acceptance is flexible and favored in specific conditions. We found that workers frequently accepted alien queens when these queens came with a workforce. Our results show that workers flexibly adjust their acceptance of alien queens according to the situation. We discuss how this conditional acceptance of unrelated queens may be adaptive by providing benefits through increased colony size and/or genetic diversity, and by avoiding rejection costs linked to fighting.
Interacting Epidemics in Amazonian Brazil: Prior Dengue Infection Associated With Increased Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Risk in a Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Nicolete Vanessa C , Rodrigues Priscila T , Johansen Igor C , Corder Rodrigo M , Tonini Juliana , Cardoso Marly A , de Jesus Jaqueline G , Claro Ingra M , Faria Nuno R , Sabino Ester C , Castro Marcia C , Ferreira Marcelo U 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Immunity after dengue virus (DENV) infection has been suggested to cross-protect from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and mortality.

Methods
We tested whether serologically proven prior DENV infection diagnosed in September–October 2019, before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, reduced the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinically apparent COVID-19 over the next 13 months in a population-based cohort in Amazonian Brazil. Mixed-effects multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of infection and disease, adjusting for potential individual and household-level confounders. Virus genomes from 14 local SARS-CoV-2 isolates were obtained using whole-genome sequencing.

Results
Anti-DENV immunoglobulin G (IgG) was found in 37.0% of 1285 cohort participants (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.3% to 39.7%) in 2019, with 10.4 (95% CI: 6.7–15.5) seroconversion events per 100 person-years during the follow-up. In 2020, 35.2% of the participants (95% CI: 32.6% to 37.8%) had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and 57.1% of the 448 SARS-CoV-2 seropositives (95% CI: 52.4% to 61.8%) reported clinical manifestations at the time of infection. Participants aged &gt;60 years were twice more likely to have symptomatic COVID-19 than children under 5 years. Locally circulating SARS-CoV-2 isolates were assigned to the B.1.1.33 lineage. Contrary to the cross-protection hypothesis, prior DENV infection was associated with twice the risk of clinically apparent COVID-19 upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, with P values between .025 and .039 after adjustment for identified confounders.

Conclusions
Higher risk of clinically apparent COVID-19 among individuals with prior dengue has important public health implications for communities sequentially exposed to DENV and SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.