bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing the Motion of Lunar Retroreflectors
Authors: Williams James G. , Boggs Dale H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Moon lacks recognizable plates moving with respect to each other, unlike the Earth. Analysis of Lunar Laser Ranging data does not find large Earth‐like (>1 cm/year) relative motions for the five lunar retroreflectors. The distances between reflectors show few mm/year rates that are not statistically significant. Despite this lack of individual significance, curiously, all of the well determined distances have negative rates. There is an extra non‐synchronous lunar rotation rate of 1.0 ± 0.4 mas/yr that is suspected to arise from unmodeled very long period effects of physical libration in longitude.
Early‐Middle Eocene Hydroclimate Variations Recorded by Environmental Magnetism in the Linxia Basin, NE Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Feng Zhantao , Zhang Weilin , Zhang Tao , Fang Xiaomin , Zan Jinbo , Yan Maodu , Song Chunhui , Li Tao , Ning Wenxiao , Wang Hong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough Neogene climate change reconstruction in central Asia is important for understanding global cooling, Asian monsoon evolution, and the Tibetan Plateau stepwise uplift during the Cenozoic, the paleoenvironmental evolution during the Paleogene in this region is still ambiguous due to a lack of corresponding continuous and complete terrestrial records with precise age constraints. Recently, a new fluvial sedimentary sequence with magnetostratigraphic ages spanning from ∼53 to 40 Ma was found in the Linxia Basin, NE Tibetan Plateau, thereby providing a window to understand Eocene climate change in the Asian interior. From this fluvial sedimentary sequence, we present early‐middle Eocene hydroclimate variations based on a combined method of rock magnetism and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Our results show magnetic enhancement of fluvial sediments at 51.7 Ma resulted from abundant single‐domain magnetite inputs from the surrounding mountains through strong erosion and transport in a relatively wet environment. Subsequently, at 47.6 Ma, magnetic weakening of floodplain sediments corresponds to an increase in hematite concentrations produced via low‐temperature oxidation in a prolonged dry environment. Comparisons of paleoclimatic proxies, such as organic geochemistry and rock magnetism from neighboring basins, tectonic deformation of the NE Tibetan Plateau, and sea level change in the Paratethys Sea suggest that the hydroclimate variation from relatively wet to dry climate in the early‐middle Eocene in this area was mainly controlled by global climatic change and probably superimposed by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.
Screening HLA-A-restricted T cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 and the induction of CD8+ T cell responses in HLA-A transgenic mice
Authors: Jin Xiaoxiao , Ding Yan , Sun Shihui , Wang Xinyi , Zhou Zining , Liu Xiaotao , Li Miaomiao , Chen Xian , Shen Anran , Wu Yandan , Liu Bicheng , Zhang Jianqiong , Li Jian , Yang Yi , Qiu Haibo , Shen Chuanlai , He Yuxian , Zhao Guangyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSince severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cells have been found to play essential roles in host immune protection and pathology in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this study focused on the functional validation of T cell epitopes and the development of vaccines that induce specific T cell responses. A total of 120 CD8+T cell epitopes from the E, M, N, S, and RdRp proteins were functionally validated. Among these, 110, 15, 6, 14, and 12 epitopes were highly homologous with SARS-CoV, OC43, NL63, HKU1, and 229E, respectively; in addition, four epitopes from the S protein displayed one amino acid that was distinct from the current SARS-CoV-2 variants. Then, 31 epitopes restricted by the HLA-A2 molecule were used to generate peptide cocktail vaccines in combination with Poly(I:C), R848 or poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles, and these vaccines elicited robust and specific CD8+T cell responses in HLA-A2/DR1 transgenic mice as well as wild-type mice. In contrast to previous research, this study established a modified DC-peptide-PBL cell coculture system using healthy donor PBMCs to validate the in silico predicted epitopes, provided an epitope library restricted by nine of the most prevalent HLA-A allotypes covering broad Asian populations, and identified the HLA-A restrictions of these validated epitopes using competitive peptide binding experiments with HMy2.CIR cell lines expressing the indicated HLA-A allotype, which initially confirmed the in vivo feasibility of 9- or 10-mer peptide cocktail vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. These data will facilitate the design and development of vaccines that induce antiviral CD8+T cell responses in COVID-19 patients.
Role of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery in the management of chronic open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Sharma Ojasvi , Abdulla Didar , King Anthony , Chakrabarti Monali , Sharma Tarun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo compare the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification combined with ab-interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome) and phacoemulsification combined with I-Stent inject in patients with medically uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). A retrospective comparative case series. 70 eyes of 66 patients completed 2 years follow up after these treatments performed in 2017–2018. 35 eyes of 33 patients underwent combined Phaco-Trabectome (PT); and 35 eyes of 33 patients underwent combined Phaco-I-Stent inject (Pi). Patient demographics and preoperative characteristics are comparable. A 20% drop in IOP was achieved in 27 eyes (77.14%) in PT group and 28 eyes (80%) in Pi group (p = 0.77). Success rate (target IOP achieved and maintained for 2 years) in advance glaucoma was 25% in PT group and 30.7% in Pi group (p = 0.90). In mild to moderate glaucoma, success rate was 85.71% in PT group and 90% in Pi group (p = 0.67). There was no significant difference between two groups with regards to mean reduction in glaucoma medications and complication rates. Trabectome and I-Stent combined with phacoemulsification are equally efficacious and safe for treating patients with medically uncontrolled mild and moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). However, they are not an effective treatment for patients with advanced glaucoma.
Improving the self-assembly of bioresponsive nanocarriers by engineering doped nanocarbons: a computational atomistic insight
Authors: Khedri Mohammad , Beheshtizadeh Nima , Maleki Reza , Webster Thomas J. , Rezvantalab Sima 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHere, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to explore the self-assembly of polymers and docetaxel (DTX) as an anticancer drug in the presence of nitrogen, phosphorous, and boron-nitrogen incorporated graphene and fullerene. The electrostatic potential and the Gibbs free energy of the self-assembled materials were used to optimize the atomic doping percentage of the N- and P-doped formulations at 10% and 50%, respectively. Poly lactic-glycolic acid (PLGA)- polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based polymeric nanoparticles were assembled in the presence of nanocarbons in the common (corresponding to the bulk environment) and interface of organic/aqueous solutions (corresponding to the microfluidic environment). Assessment of the modeling results (e.g., size, hydrophobicity, and energy) indicated that among the nanocarbons, the N-doped graphene nanosheet in the interface method created more stable polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs). Energy analysis demonstrated that doping with nanocarbons increased the electrostatic interaction energy in the self-assembly process. On the other hand, the fullerene-based nanocarbons promoted van der Waals intramolecular interactions in the PNPs. Next, the selected N-doped graphene nanosheet was utilized to prepare nanoparticles and explore the physicochemical properties of the nanosheets in the permeation of the resultant nanoparticles through cell-based lipid bilayer membranes. In agreement with the previous results, the N-graphene assisted PNP in the interface method and was translocated into and through the cell membrane with more stable interactions. In summary, the present MD simulation results demonstrated the success of 2D graphene dopants in the nucleation and growth of PLGA-based nanoparticles for improving anticancer drug delivery to cells, establishing new promising materials and a way to assess their performance that should be further studied.
Developmental capacity is unevenly distributed among single blastomeres of 2-cell and 4-cell stage mouse embryos
Authors: Krawczyk Katarzyna , Kosyl Ewa , Częścik-Łysyszyn Karolina , Wyszomirski Tomasz , Maleszewski Marek 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDuring preimplantation development, mammalian embryo cells (blastomeres) cleave, gradually losing their potencies and differentiating into three primary cell lineages: epiblast (EPI), trophectoderm (TE), and primitive endoderm (PE). The exact moment at which cells begin to vary in their potency for multilineage differentiation still remains unknown. We sought to answer the question of whether single cells isolated from 2- and 4-cell embryos differ in their ability to generate the progenitors and cells of blastocyst lineages. We revealed that twins were often able to develop into blastocysts containing inner cell masses (ICMs) with PE and EPI cells. Despite their capacity to create a blastocyst, the twins differed in their ability to produce EPI, PE, and TE cell lineages. In contrast, quadruplets rarely formed normal blastocysts, but instead developed into blastocysts with ICMs composed of only one cell lineage or completely devoid of an ICM altogether. We also showed that quadruplets have unequal capacities to differentiate into TE, PE, and EPI lineages. These findings could explain the difficulty of creating monozygotic twins and quadruplets from 2- and 4-cell stage mouse embryos.
Development of one dimensional geomechanical model for a tight gas reservoir
Authors: Verma Abhiram Kumar , Deb Debasis , Dey Akshay Chandan , Roy Subrata , Singh Ajay Kumar , Avadhani V. L. N. , Tiwari Rajiv Ranjan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEstimating rock-mechanical, petrophysical properties and pre-production stress state is essential for effective reservoir planning, development, and optimal exploitation. This paper attempts to construct a comprehensive one-dimensional mechanical earth model (1D MEM) of the Mandapeta gas reservoir of Krishna Godavari (KG) basin, India. The methodology comprises a detailed stepwise process from processing and analysis of raw log data, calibration of log-derived dynamic properties with static ones using regression models developed from tested core samples, and final rock mechanical property estimation. Pore pressure profiles have been estimated and calibrated with the Repeat formation tester (RFT) data for every thirty-five wells. Overburden and horizontal stresses have also been evaluated and calibrated using data from the Leak-off Tests (LOT) or Extended Leak-off Tests (XLOT). A menu-driven program is developed using PYTHON code for visualization and on-time revision of 1D MEM. The resulting comprehensive 1D MEM predicts and establishes the rock-mechanical properties, pore pressure, and in-situ stress values of the basin. Besides its use in planning future wells, development of the field, and yielding insight into the various well challenges, it can also be used to develop a 3D MEM of the reservoir.
Phytohormone profiles in non-transformed and AtCKX transgenic centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn) shoots and roots in response to salinity stress in vitro
Authors: Trifunović-Momčilov Milana , Motyka Václav , Dobrev Petre I. , Marković Marija , Milošević Snežana , Jevremović Slađana , Dragićević Ivana Č. , Subotić Angelina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPlant hormones regulate numerous developmental and physiological processes. Abiotic stresses considerably affect production and distribution of phytohormones as the stress signal triggers. The homeostasis of plant hormones is controlled by their de novo synthesis and catabolism. The aim of this work was to analyse the contents of total and individual groups of endogenous cytokinins (CKs) as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in AtCKX overexpressing centaury plants grown in vitro on graded NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM). The levels of endogenous stress hormones including abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) were also detected. The elevated contents of total CKs were found in all analysed centaury shoots. Furthermore, increased amounts of all five CK groups, as well as enhanced total CKs were revealed on graded NaCl concentrations in non-transformed and AtCKX roots. All analysed AtCKX centaury lines exhibited decreased amounts of endogenous IAA in shoots and roots. Consequently, the IAA/bioactive CK forms ratios showed a significant variation in the shoots and roots of all AtCKX lines. In shoots and roots of both non-transformed and AtCKX transgenic centaury plants, salinity was associated with an increase of ABA and JA and a decrease of SA content.
Association between preoperative neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and mortality after plastic and reconstructive surgery
Authors: Sung Ha Min , Lee Seung-Hwa , Oh Ah Ran , Kim Sojin , Kim Jeayoun , Gook Joonhee , Jang Jae Ni , Park Jungchan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPredictive factors associated with postoperative mortality have not been extensively studied in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a systemic inflammation index, has been shown to have a predictive value in surgery. We aimed to evaluate association between preoperative NLR and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing plastic and reconstructive surgery. From January 2011 to July 2019, we identified 7089 consecutive adult patients undergoing plastic and reconstructive surgery. The patients were divided according to median value of preoperative NLR of 1.84. The low NLR group was composed of 3535 patients (49.9%), and 3554 patients (50.1%) were in the high NLR group. The primary outcome was mortality during the first year, and overall mortality and acute kidney injury were also compared. In further analysis, outcomes were compared according to quartile of NLR, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to estimate the threshold associated with 1-year mortality. This observational study showed that mortality during the first year after plastic and reconstructive surgery was significantly increased in the high NLR group (0.7% vs. 3.5%; hazard ratio, 4.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.69–6.63; p < 0.001), and a graded association was observed between preoperative NLR and 1-year mortality. The estimated threshold of preoperative NLR was 2.5, with an area under curve of 0.788. Preoperative NLR may be associated with 1-year mortality after plastic and reconstructive surgery. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Genetic variants in histone modification regions are associated with the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kang Hyo-Gyoung , Lee Yong Hoon , Lee Shin Yup , Choi Jin Eun , Do Sook Kyung , Hong Mi Jeong , Lee Jang Hyuck , Jeong Ji Yun , Do Young Woo , Lee Eung Bae , Shin Kyung Min , Lee Won Kee , Choi Sun Ha , Seo Hye won , Yoo Seung Soo , Lee Jaehee , Cha Seung Ick , Kim Chang Ho , Cho Sukki , Jheon Sanghoon , Park Jae Yong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe investigated the association between genetic variants in the histone modification regions and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma after curative surgery. Potentially functional SNPs were selected using integrated analysis of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq. The SNPs were analyzed in a discovery set (n = 166) and a validation set (n = 238). The associations of the SNPs with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. A total of 279 SNPs were selected for genotyping. Among these, CAPN1 rs17583C>T was significantly associated with better OS and DFS (P = 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively), and LINC00959 rs4751162A>G was significantly associated with worse DFS (P = 0.008). Luciferase assays showed a significantly lower promoter activity of CAPN1 in the rs17583 T allele than C allele (P = 0.008), and consistently the CT + TT genotypes had significantly lower CAPN1 expression than CC genotype (P = 0.01) in clinical samples. The rs4751162 G allele had higher promoter activity of GLRX3 than A allele (P = 0.05). The motif analyses and ChIP-qPCR confirmed that the variants are located in the active promoter/enhancer regions where transcription factor binding occurs. This study showed that genetic variants in the histone modification regions could predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma after surgery.
Effects of registered nurse staffing levels, work environment, and education levels on adverse events in nursing homes
Authors: Choi Seonhwa , Cho Eunhee , Kim Eunkyo , Lee Kyongeun , Chang Soo Jung 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study examined the effects of nurse staffing levels, work environment, and education levels on adverse events in nursing homes. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 216 nurses working in 62 nursing homes in South Korea, using self-reported questionnaires and data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the effects of nurse staffing levels, work environment, and nursing education levels on the adverse events experienced by residents. An increase of one resident per nurse was significantly associated with a higher incidence of medication error, pressure ulcers and urinary tract infections. A poor work environment increased the incidence of adverse events. Compared to nurses with a bachelor’s degree or higher, those with diplomas reported increased incidence rates of pressure ulcers. Improving the health outcomes of residents in nursing homes requires efforts that strengthen the nursing workforce in terms of numbers and educational level, and which improve their work environment at institutional and policy levels.
Application of a new percutaneous multi-function pedicle locator in minimally invasive spine surgery
Authors: Liu Xiaojian , Liu Hairun , Wang Yushan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, a new percutaneous multi-function pedicle locator was designed for personalized three-dimensional positioning of a pedicle in minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) without computer-assisted navigation technology. The proposed locator was used in a number of patients during MISS, and its advantages were analyzed. Based on the position of a pedicle determined by computed tomography (CT) and fluoroscopic images of a patient, 6 lines and 2 distances were used to determine the puncture point of a pedicle screw on skin, while 2 angles were used to indicate the direction of insertion of a pedicle guide needle from the patient's body surface. The results of the proposed locator were compared with those of the conventional freehand technique in MISS. The potential benefits of using the locator included enhanced surgical accuracy, reduced operation time, alleviation of the harmful intra-operative radiation exposure, lower costs, and shortened learning curve for young orthopedists.
A designed fusion tag for soluble expression and selective separation of extracellular domains of fibroblast growth factor receptors
Authors: Cheong Dae-Eun , Choi Hye-Ji , Yoo Su-Kyoung , Lee Hun-Dong , Kim Geun-Joong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) generate various transduction signals by interaction with fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and are involved in various biological functions such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Malfunction of these proteins may lead to the development of various diseases, including cancer. Accordingly, FGFRs are considered an alternative therapeutic target for protein and/or gene therapy. However, the screening of antagonists or agonists of FGFRs is challenging due to their complex structural features associated with protein expression. Herein, we conducted the development of a protease-free cleavable tag (PFCT) for enhancing the solubility of difficult-to express protein by combining maltose-binding protein (MBP) and the C-terminal region of Npu intein. To validate the availability of the resulting tag for the functional production of extracellular domains of FGFRs (Ec_FGFRs), we performed fusion of PFCT with the N-terminus of Ec_FGFRs and analyzed the expression patterns. Almost all PFCT-Ec_FGFR fusion proteins were mainly detected in the soluble fraction except for Ec_FGFR4. Upon addition of the N-terminal region of Npu intein, approximately 85% of the PFCT-Ec_FGFRs was separated into PFCT and Ec_FGFR via intein-mediated cleavage. Additionally, the structural integrity of Ec_FGFR was confirmed by affinity purification using heparin column. Taken together, our study demonstrated that the PFCT could be used for soluble expression and selective separation of Ec_FGFRs.
Anti-glaucoma agents-induced pseudodendritic keratitis presumed to be herpetic simplex keratitis: a clinical case series
Authors: Chang Huai-Lung , Kuo Bo-I , Wu Jo-Hsuan , Huang Wei-Lun , Su Chien-Chia , Chen Wei-Li 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAnti-glaucoma agents-induced corneal toxicity may be misdiagnosed as herpetic simplex keratitis (HSK). In our study, nineteen glaucoma patients were presumed to have HSK before referral. Corneal lesions were classified into (I) linear pseudodendritic lesions formed by elevated opacified cells, (II) linear pseudodendritic lesions formed by grouped superficial punctate keratitis (SPK), (III) satellite full-thickness epithelial defects, (IV) satellite lesions formed by elevated opacified cells, and (V) geographic lesions formed by grouped SPK. We observed thirty-one events, with 15 in the lower and 16 in the central corneas. There were 21 (67.7%) type II, five (16.1%) type V, two (6.5%) of each for types III and IV, and one (3.2%) type I events. Among linear lesions (types I and II), 17 (77.3%) had horizontal and 5 (22.7%) had curvilinear orientations. Exposure duration to the last-added anti-glaucoma agent was three days to 14.5 years. About half of the events (16/31, 51.6%) used prostaglandin analogues, and 30/31 (96.8%) applied benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-containing agents. All lesions resolved within two months after decreasing offending medications or enhancing protection of ocular surface. In conclusion, anti-glaucoma agents-induced pseudodendritic keratitis presents majorly in central-lower cornea as horizontally linear lesions, and BAK-containing agents are observed in the most events.