bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of high-temperature poling ferroelectric crystals congruent solid solution LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3
Authors: Mololkin A. A. , Roshchupkin D. V. , Emelin E. E. , Fahrtdinov R. R. 
Published: September 2021

Lithium niobate and lithium tantalate are among the most important and most widely used materials in acousto-optics and acoustoelectronics. These materials have high values of piezoelectric constants, which makes it possible to use these materials as actuators; however, their use is limited by the thermal instability of a lithium niobate crystal and the low Curie temperature (TC) of a lithium tantalate crystal. LiNb(1-x)TaxO3 crystals have to overcome the aforementioned limitations of individual compounds.Crystals LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3 were grown by the Czochralski method, of good quality. Comparative studies of the features of high-temperature single domainization of LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3 crystals have been carried out. The main differences in the technological regimes for single-domainization of congruent LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3 crystals from congruent LiNbO3 crystals are demonstrated. The parameters of high-temperature electrodiffusion processing LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3 crystals are presented, which make it possible to obtain single-domain crystals for further study of their physical properties.
Mental health of colombian general practitioners during the pandemic: reflections from a brief survey
Authors: Martínez Miranda Mayra Alejandra , Wilches Visbal Jorge Homero 
Published: September 2021

Since before the COVID-19 pandemic, the fact that physicians and other health professionals are subjected to different states of emotional and physical fatigue associated with their work has been known (1). Recent studies have found a significant incidence of depression in this population compared to others, but this reality has been insufficiently addressed by state agencies (2). In the context of a pandemic, a greater emotional impact on health workers is predictable due to the stress of this unprecedented situation. Once this thesis is verified, the need to address the underlying risks that health personnel have regarding the development of various mental health problems associated with anxiety, depression or suicide is raised by means of efficient preventive measures that stipulate protocols aimed at improving the work environment (2).
Editorial
Authors: RASV  
Published: September 2021

Las revistas colombianas de antropología y ciencias sociales en tiempos de mediciones. A propósito de la convocatoria 768 de Publindex (Colciencias): retos y desafíos de la comunidad académica
En una nota editorial publicada no hace mucho tiempo, la anterior editora de Antípoda, profesora Mónica Espinosa (2015), describía la labor editorial en la revista como el resultado de una tensión entre dos polos. El primero, de la pluralidad, marcado por la creciente diversidad interna de la disciplina; y el segundo, de la medición, caracterizado por lo que definió como el “clima actual en el que se desarrollan las actividades de investigación y publicación en las ciencias sociales”, en el que se naturalizan ciertas mediciones como una forma de tomar el pulso a la calidad de la publicación científica. Así por un lado, el editor se enfrenta con un campo de conocimientos cada vez más complejo y diverso, mientras que por el otro debe prestar atención a los mecanismos, en su mayoría ajenos, que prometen determinar la calidad de su publicación. Se trata pues de publicar en “tiempos de mediciones”, con la tarea aún pendiente de reflexionar con mayor vigor sobre la medición como proceso y como mecanismo transformador de la realidad que pretende medir. Basta dar un vistazo somero a la literatura existente sobre la consolidación de estándares y calificaciones para entender que lo que está en juego no es solamente la medición de la calidad de nuestras publicaciones, sino las prácticas editoriales en todos sus niveles. Como bien lo expone la profesora Espinosa, todos estamos por exceso o por defecto “atrapados en una situación que debería ameritar reflexiones más profundas”, además de acciones concertadas entre universidades, áreas de conocimiento y editores.
Arte, patrimonio y la pérdida de conocimiento de la pintura de caballete en Colombia. Construcción de un sistema integrado de información
Authors: Garcés Mora Jhon 
Published: September 2021

Con el fin de contribuir a las humanidades digitales y acceso abierto, se planteó el diseño y desarrollo de un Sistema de Información Científica de Arte y Patrimonio (SICAP) para la creación de bancos de información de conocimiento científico, documentación producida en labores de restauración de pinturas de patrimonio material colombiano. Esperando recuperar la información disociada, de 20 años de investigación sobre pinturas de caballete en especial los análisis con rayos X junto con análisis microquímicos, caracterización de lienzos, cortes estratigráficos e información de pigmentos, en una única base de datos relacional, diseñada para el acceso público.
Uno de los mayores retos para la gestión del patrimonio cultural, particularmente para la investigación y conservación, es divulgar los resultados de los diagnósticos, estudios y análisis realizados sobre el patrimonio material; documentación a la que además se suma el problema del deterioro, pérdida y falta de acceso de los archivos físicos.
Relationship between pulmonary function and anthropometric measurements and body composition in young women
Authors: YILDIRAN Hilal , KÖKSAL Eda , AYYILDIZ Feride , AYHAN Büşra 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This study was planned to evaluate the relationship between pulmonary function and some anthropometric measurements and body composition in healthy young women with different body mass index (BMI).
Materials and Methods: One hundred seventeen (n:117) women, aged between 19-30 years, participated in this study. Some anthropometric measurements of the participants (body weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, and neck circumference) and body composition were evaluated by the researchers.
Results: There was no difference in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC values of individuals according to BMI classification. In terms of disease risk according to anthropometric measurements, no difference was found between the groups in the pulmonary function test values (except for the waist circumference). Participants whose waist circumference were 80-88 cm were found to have a significantly higher FEV1/FVC value than participants whose waist circumference were >88 cm. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between body weight, lean body mass, body fat mass, total body water values, and FVC, FEV1 values.
Conclusion: Differences in body composition and anthropometric measurements and pulmonary function assessment may be due to methodological and group-specific changes in the studies. Long-term studies that question the body composition of individuals, food consumption and physical activity levels, will be beneficial.
Elin ekstensör tendon onarımlarında kullanılan sütür materyallerinin reoperasyonlar ile ilişkisi
Authors: BAĞIR Melih , MİRİOĞLU Akif , KUNDAKÇI Buğra , BİÇER Ömer , ÖZKAN Cenk 
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, elde ekstensör tendon onarımlarında kullanılan emilebilen ve emilemeyen sütür materyallerinin sütür reaksiyonu-irritasyonu ile ilişkili reoperasyonlar açısından karşılaştırılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda elde akut ekstensör tendon kesisi nedeniyle tendon onarımı yapılan hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışma kriterlerine uyan hastalar, kullanılan sütür materyaline göre absorbabl sütür (AS) (polidiakson) ve nonabsorbabl sütür (NAS) (polipropilen) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grup yaş, cinsiyet, taraf ve sütür reaksiyonu ilişkili reoperasyon açısından karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca her iki grupta tamir edilen tendonlar ve tamir bölgeleri değerlendirildi. Sütür reaksiyonu gelişen olguların, tamir edilen tendon ve tamir bölgesine göre dağılımı değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmada 172 hastanın 250 ekstensör tendon tamiri değerlendirildi. Hastaların, 103(%59.9)’ü NAS, 69(%40.1)’u AS grubunda yer aldı. Her iki grup yaş, cinsiyet ve taraf açısından benzerdi. Sütür reaksiyonu sebepli reoperasyon uygulanan toplam 31 olgunun 29(%93.5)’unda NAS, 2(%6.5)’sinde AS kullanılmıştı. Sütür reaksiyonu gelişen olguların % 74.2’sinin Zon 5 ve 6’da yer aldığı ve sıklıkla 2 ve 3. parmak ekstensör tendon onarımlarından sonra geliştiği tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ekstensör tendon onarımlarında NAS (polipropilen) kullanımının sütür reaksiyonu nedeniyle reoperasyon sayısını arttırdığını tespit ettik. Dolayısıyla yumuşak doku desteği açısından fleksör bölgeye göre zayıf olan el dorsalindeki ekstensör tendon onarımlarında AS ile onarımın daha uygun olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.
Self-noise spectra for 34 common electromagnetic seismometer/preamplifier pairs
Authors: Rodgers Peter W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Because of a lack of such information, computed self-noise spectra are presented for a total of 34 frequently used electromagnetic-seismometer/preamplifier combinations. For convenience, most of these data are given in three sets of units. Peterson's Low Noise Model is included on each plot for comparison. The self noises of nine frequently employed electromagnetic seismometers properly matched to their operational amplifier (op-amp) preamplifiers are plotted. In terms of amplitude density spectra in (m/sec**2)/Hz**0.5, the values of the self-noise spectra at resonance range from a low of 3 × 10−10 for the GS-13 to a high of 1.3 × 10−8 for the HS-1. Between these two seismometers, in order of increasing noise at resonance, are the SV-1, SL-210V, S-13, SS-1, L-4C, S-6000CD, and the L-22D.
To show which seismometers exhibit the lowest noise with which operational amplifier preamplifiers, the self noises of the HS-1, L-22D, L-4C, GS-13, SV-1, and SL-210V are plotted each paired with four commonly used op-amps: the LT1028, OP-227, OP-77, and the LT1012. For the GS-13, the LT1012 was the quietest. For the rest, the OP-227 was the best. For a given seismometer, the differences in self noise between op-amps were frequently a factor of 2 or 3, and as large as 10 in one case. The use of these op-amps in the analog front ends of five current digital seismic recorders is discussed.
1855 and 1991 surveys of the San Andreas fault: Implications for fault mechanics
Authors: Grant Lisa B. , Donnellan Andrea 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Two monuments from an 1855 cadastral survey that span the San Andreas fault in the Carrizo Plain have been right-laterally displaced 11.0 ± 2.5 m by the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake and associated seismicity and afterslip. This measurement confirms that at least 9.5 ± 0.5 m of slip occurred along the main fault trace, as suggested by measurements of offset channels near Wallace Creek. The slip varied by 2 to 3 m along a 2.6-km section of the main fault trace. Using radiocarbon dates of the penultimate large earthquake and measurements of slip from the 1857 earthquake, we calculate an apparent slip rate for the last complete earthquake cycle that is at least 25% lower than the late-Holocene slip rate on the main fault trace. Comparison of short-term broad-aperture strain accumulation rates with the narrow-aperture late-Holocene slip rate indicates that the fault behaves nearly elastically over a time scale of several earthquake cycles. Therefore, slip in future earthquakes should compensate the slip-rate deficit from the 1857 earthquake.
Peak accelerations from the 1992 Landers and big bear, California, earthquakes
Authors: Cramer Chris H. , Darragh Robert B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPeak ground accelerations (PGA) at 181 sites for the Landers MW 7.3 earthquake and at 85 sites for the Big Bear MW 6.2 aftershock are compared to the Joyner and Boore (1988) (JB) attenuation relationships and examined for spatial variations. This study finds the following five results. First, at the 95% confidence level, the mean of PGA values for both earthquakes is significantly higher than the JB median by a factor near 2. Second, for distances greater than 70 km, the observations from the Landers earthquake indicate that attenuation of ground motion with distance is less than that predicted by geometric spreading and by JB. Third, the northward propagation of the Landers rupture significantly reduces PGA values recorded at strong-motion stations south of the epicenter. Fourth, stations in the Los Angeles basin and the Coachella Valley recorded higher PGA values than expected during both events. Finally, site geology, using the site classification scheme of JB, generally does not have a statistically significant effect on PGA, except in the distance range from 60 to 100 km for the Landers earthquake. The observed difference between soil- and rock-site PGA's between 60 and 100 km for the Landers data set may be a combination of higher values of PGA recorded at soil sites in basins, an S-wave radiation maximum in the San Bernardino area, and directivity effects.
Dense array recordings in the San Bernardino Valley of landers-big bear aftershocks: Basin surface waves, Moho reflections, and three-dimensional simulations
Authors: Frankel Arthur 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFourteen GEOS seismic recorders were deployed in the San Bernardino Valley to study the propagation of short-period (T ≈ 1 to 3 sec) surface waves and Moho reflections. Three dense arrays were used to determine the direction and speed of propagation of arrivals in the seismograms. The seismograms for a shallow (d ≈ 1 km) M 4.9 aftershock of the Big Bear earthquake exhibit a very long duration (60 sec) of sustained shaking at periods of about 2 sec. Array analysis indicates that these late arrivals are dominated by surface waves traveling in various directions across the Valley. Some energy is arriving from a direction 180° from the epicenter and was apparently reflected from the edge of the Valley opposite the source. A close-in aftershock (Δ = 25 km, depth = 7 km) displays substantial short-period surface waves at deep-soil sites. A three-dimensional (3D) finite difference simulation produces synthetic seismograms with durations similar to those of the observed records for this event, indicating the importance of S-wave to surface-wave conversion near the edge of the basin. Flat-layered models severely underpredict the duration and spectral amplification of this deep-soil site. I show an example where the coda wave amplitude ratio at 1 to 2 Hz between a deep-soil and a rock site does not equal the S-wave amplitude ratio, because of the presence of surface waves in the coda of the deep-soil site. For one of the events studied (Δ ≈ 90 km), there are sizable phases that are critically reflected from the Moho (PmP and SmS). At one of the rock sites, the SmS phase has a more peaked spectrum that the direct S wave.
Extremal bounds on earthquake movement from geodetic data: Application to the Landers earthquake
Authors: Johnson Hadley O. , Agnew Duncan Carr , Hudnut Ken 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present a technique to place quantifiable bounds on the moment of an earthquake from geodetic data, assuming known fault geometry. Application of this technique to the 1992 Landers earthquake shows that the moment must have been between 0.84 and 1.15 × 1020 Nm with 90% confidence (M 7.25 to 7.34). We also find that to satisfy the data to this same level of confidence, the slip on the fault must have exceeded 7 m in at least one location, in good agreement with field mapping of the surface rupture.
A case of the influence of radiation pattern on peak accelerations
Authors: Sirovich Livio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The strong ground shaking of the 23 November 1980 earthquake in southern Italy seems to have been conditioned by the dimension of the source, its focal mechanism, and by the distance from the shallow portion of the source. There was only a low, and doubtful, directivity effect.
These results come from a comparison of the azimuthal distribution of the recorded peak ground horizontal accelerations with that of the total, dimensionless, radiation pattern of S waves in the horizontal plane at each site (radiation from the closest point of the fault, and appropriate azimuth and take-off angles were considered).
The recorded maxima were obtained from hodogram plots of each couple of automatically digitized horizontal components in 13 stations with negligible local site effects at a distance of up to 78 km from the epicenter.
The analysis indicates the strong influence of the strike-slip component on the azimuthal distribution of motion. The fault mechanism best fitting the recorded maxima is as follows: strike 318°, dip 64°, rake 317°. This picture does not change if acceleration maxima in the frequency bands 0.1 to 5 Hz, 1 to 5 Hz, or 1 to 2 Hz are used.
In a segment of the southern Apennines, where the strong-motion energy radiation in the near/intermediate field of a repetitive series of shocks from the seventeenth century up to 1980 seems to be controlled by the gross features of the source, it could be useful to include radiation patterns into algorithms for regional seismic hazard calculations. Conversely, because of the fact that drawing isoseismal lines results in a smoothing of at least the very local site effects, it might be possible to infer information about the gross features of the sources of historical earthquakes from macroseismic data.
Surface-wave dispersion analysis in Mexico City
Authors: Chávez-García Francisco J. , Ramos-Martínez Jaime , Romero-Jiménez Evangelina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article, we present an observational investigation of ground motion at Mexico City focused on surface waves. Our purpose is 2-fold; first, to understand incident ground motion during the great Michoacán earthquake of 19 September 1985, and second, to characterize surface waves propagating in the lake-bed zone. To this end we analyze the strong-motion records obtained at Mexico City for the large (MS = 8.1) earthquake of 19 September 1985. It is shown that, in the low-frequency range, we observe the Rayleigh fundamental mode in both the vertical and the radial components, and the Love fundamental mode in the transverse component at all the strong-motion stations. The vertical component also shows the first higher mode of Rayleigh waves. We use a very broadband record obtained at station CU for the smaller (MS = 6.7) earthquake of 14 May 1993 to verify that the dispersion computed from the model of Campillo et al. (1989) represents well the average surface-wave propagation between the coast and Mexico City in the 7- to 10-sec period range. We use this result to assign absolute times to the strong-motion records of the Michoacán event. This allowed us to identify additional wave trains that propagate laterally in directions other than great circle in the 3- to 5-sec period range. These wave trains are identified as Love waves. In a second analysis, we study a set of refraction data obtained during a small-scale (250 m) experiment on the virgin clay of the lake-bed zone. Phase-velocity dispersion curves for several modes of Rayleigh waves are identified in the refraction data and inverted to obtain an S-wave velocity profile. This profile is used as the uppermost layering in a 2D model of Mexico City valley. The results of numerical simulation show that surface waves generated by lateral finiteness of the clay layer suffer large dispersion and attenuation. We conclude that surface waves generated by the lateral heterogeneity of the upper-most stratigraphy very significantly affect ground motion near the edge of the valley, but their importance is negligible for distances larger than 1.5 km from the edge. Thus, locally generated surface waves propagating through the clay layer cannot explain late arrivals observed for the 1985 event. We suggest that the long duration of strong motion is due to the interaction between lateral propagation of waves guided by deep layers (1 to 4 km) and the surficial clay layer. This interaction is possible by the coincidence of the dominant frequency of the uppermost layers and the frequency of the deeply guided waves.
Simulating strong motions of large earthquakes using recordings of small earthquakes: the Loma Prieta mainshock as a test case
Authors: Frankel Arthur 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A simple method is developed for predicting ground motions for future large earthquakes for specific sites by summing and filtering recordings of adjacent small earthquakes. This method is tested by simulating strong-motion records for the Loma Prieta earthquake (M 7.0) using aftershocks (M 3.7 to 4.0) recorded at the same sites. I use an asperity rupture model where the rms stress drop averaged over the fault plane is constant with moment. The observed spectra indicate that stress drop remains constant from the M 3 aftershocks up to the M 7 mainshock, about six orders of magnitude in seismic moment. Each simulation sums the seismogram of one aftershock with time delays appropriate for propagating rupture and incorporates directivity and site response. The simulation scales the spectrum in accordance with a constant stress drop, ω−2 source model. In this procedure, the high-frequency energy of the aftershock sum above the corner frequency of the aftershock is not reduced when it is convolved with the mainshock slip velocity function, unlike most previous methods of summation. For most cases, the spectra (0.6 to 20 Hz), peak accelerations, and durations of the simulated mainshock records are in good agreement with the observed strong-motion records, even though only one aftershock waveform was used in each simulation. This agreement indicates that the response of these soil sites is essentially linear for accelerations up to about 0.3 g. The summed aftershock records display the same site-dependent values of fmax as the mainshock records, implying that fmax is a site effect rather than a property of the mainshock rupture process.