bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction: The transnational circulation of digital nationalism
Authors: Lajosi Krisztina , Nyíri Pál 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis themed section aims to examine the offline implications of a thriving online nationalist culture fostered by various social media platforms. Several studies have concluded that social media have enhanced nationalism, but there is still a significant lacuna in understanding the deep social, political, and cultural transformations produced by online platforms. How is nationalism different in the digital age? How do nationalists harness the transnational character of social media to disseminate and channel their message simultaneously to various cultural groups? How is the message composed and translated to appeal to various groups, and how does nationalist content cross language and cultural boundaries? The papers that make up this themed section explore the transnational aspects of digital cultures and provide new insights into the methodological difficulties of understanding the offline impact of the contents of social media.
Strategies to promote health behaviors in parents with small children—A systematic review and realist synthesis of behavioral interventions
Authors: Timm Anne , Kragelund Nielsen Karoline , Joenck Larke , Husted Jensen Nanna , Jensen Dorte Moeller , Norgaard Ole , Terkildsen Maindal Helle 
Published: November 2021

SummaryIn this systematic review and realist synthesis, we aimed to identify strategies to improve dietary and physical activity behaviors for parents with small children. A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO in July 2021. Included studies had to: (i) target one or both parents with at least one child (0–3 years), (ii) aim to improve diet and physical activity, and (iii) report on diet and physical activity outcomes. Intervention context, delivery, and outcomes were extracted, and behavior change techniques were coded. A program theory was developed, and context‐mechanism‐outcome configurations were identified. In total, 17 interventions reported in 28 studies (19 effectiveness studies; nine protocols) were included. Nine interventions showed small improvements: in diet (n = 5), physical activity (n = 2), or both (n = 2) in mothers. The realist synthesis revealed three strategies to improve health behaviors: (1) using knowledge and role modelling to improve family dynamics, (2) providing various home‐based activities to change home environment, and (3) offering flexible delivery, for example, phone or website‐based to increase social support. Future interventions for parents with small children should consider involving the whole family, focusing on home‐based and practical components, and offering various delivery modes. The protocol for the systematic review and realist synthesis was registered in Research Registry (registration ID: reviewregistry860) March 30th, 2020.
How legal scholars facilitate tax avoidance: Case study on the power of tax consultancy firms
Authors: Raitasuo Santtu , Ylönen Matti 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSocial scientists have neglected the ways in which the consultancy assignments of legal scholars mediate private interests, even though their opinions provide important guidance in legal proceedings. Through a case study from Finland, we document a process where private tax advisory firms utilize their access to academic forums to defend their clients' interests. With further evidence on related dependencies, we trace a twofold process that amplifies the voice of tax advisors and suppresses public interest‐related concerns. By achieving positions of trust in the academia, tax consultancy firms gain important gatekeeper roles that facilitate corporate‐friendly research and subdue critical arguments. The findings challenge the conventional understanding of the dynamics of knowledge production and call for a greater attention to the pitfalls of the marketization of academic legal advice and scholarship. The national‐level interpretative power of major tax advisory companies is also an important building block for international network power.
Grit, motivation and university grades
Authors: Pleace Michelle , Nicholls Nicky 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany South African university students either do not complete their degrees or take a prolonged time to meet the minimum degree requirements, with significant cost implications. Identifying malleable drivers of academic success is an important starting point in designing policies and programmes to improve student outcomes. To this end, we assess grit and intrinsic motivation as possible predictors of academic success, where motivation type is coded using text analysis of open‐ended responses. We also investigate interactions between these traits. In line with existing literature, mostly in the United States and Canada, our results show that higher levels of grit are related to higher grades among Economic and Management Science students in a South African University. We further note intrinsic motivation as a significant predictor of grit levels. Our findings suggest that grade outcomes might be improved by interventions focusing on building grittiness in students.
Maturation and survival of arteriovenous fistula: The challenge starts from the preoperative assessment stage
Authors: Gan Wenyuan , Shao Danni , Xu Li , Tuo Yanhong , Mao Huihui , Wang Wenzhe , Xiao Wei , Xu Fang , Huang Xiaomei , Chen Wenli , Zeng Xingruo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is necessary to assess the association between the preoperative indicators and the maturation and survival of arteriovenous fistula (AVF).MethodsWe retrospectively identified 236 patients with a new AVF created between 2016 and 2018 in our Dialysis Center.ResultsMultivariate Logistic regression showed that preoperative arterial diameter (odds ratio [OR] = 1.452, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.233, 1.710], p < 0.001), preoperative venous diameter (OR = 1.296, 95% CI [1.166, 1.477], p < 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR = 1.187, 95% CI [1.103, 1.277], p < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.245, 95% CI [0.107, 0.560], p = 0.01) were independent influential factors for AVF maturation. Two years after the AVF surgery follow‐up, multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards model showed that the preoperative arterial diameter (OR = 0.510, 95% CI [0.320, 0.813], p = 0.005), preoperative venous diameter (OR = 0.940, 95% CI [0.897, 0.985], p = 0.010) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.785, 95% CI [1.117, 2.855], p = 0.016) was prognostic factors of AVF survival. The Kaplan–Meier method showed that the primary survival of AVF in patients with different preoperative arterial diameter was statistically significant (log‐rank χ2 = 15.415, p < 0.001), while the secondary survival was not statistically significant (log‐rank χ2 = 0.131, p = 0.717).ConclusionIn our cohort, the preoperative arterial and venous diameter and diabetes mellitus were independent influential factors for AVF maturation and prognostic factors of AVF survival. However, the preoperative LVEF only associated with the maturation of AVF. Meanwhile, smaller arterial diameter (≤2.15 mm) was associated with AVF maturation failure, but did not impact secondary survival of AVF.
The influence of sample processing time on the performance ofMicrosporum caniscultures in cats
Authors: Santana Aline E. , Sellera Fábio P. , Filgueira Kilder D. , Taborda Carlos P. , Reche‐Junior Archivaldo 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundFungal culture is widely used as a diagnostic tool for detecting dermatophytosis. However, the presence of fungal contaminants can influence the culture's performance and compromise the diagnosis.ObjectiveTo verify whether the sample processing time can affect the performance of fungal culture for the diagnosis ofMicrosporum canisinfection in cats.AnimalsForty Persian cats.Methods and materialsHair and scale samples were collected by combing the coat using a 5 × 5 cm sterile polyester carpet. The carpets were assigned randomly to four groups based on time point of processing samples after collection (i.e. used for culture on a selective agar medium for dermatophytes): Group 1: 8 h (n = 10); Group 2: 24 h (n = 10); Group 3: 48 h (n = 10); and Group 4: 72 h (n = 10). Cultures were compared regarding the degree of fungal invasion by eitherM. canisor nondermatophytic contaminant moulds (NDM).ResultsProcessing samples after 24 h of storage resulted in increased isolation rates of NDM and decreased isolation rates ofM. canis. Samples processed after 48 h and 72 h presented more than half of the plates with a high degree of fungal contamination (i.e. NDM occupying ≥50% of the total fungal mass). However, samples processed after 8 h and 24 h presented a lower degree (P < 0.05) of NDM plate invasion and higher recovery rates ofM. caniswhen compared to samples processed after 48 h and 72 h.Conclusions and clinical importanceDelayed processing time is closely associated with the overgrowth of contaminants and with lower recovery rates ofM. canis.
Decarbonization Advancements in Pressure Pumping With Gas Turbines
Authors: Mantini Andrea , Goldstein Steven , Rimlinger Colleen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Key changes have triggered the push for frac fleet innovation. With environmental regulation efforts to cut down on emissions increasing, more and more companies are transitioning to the use of electric fleet equipment. Electric fleets use natural gas, which burns cleaner than diesel fuel.
Our study found the gas turbine outperformed Tier 4 dual fuel blend (DF) reciprocating engines and demonstrated a step change improvement in both direct and indirect emissions reductions over the 20+ year lifecycle of the Baker Hughes LM2500 in Permian and Williston Basins’ field operating conditions. An even greater impact to direct GHG (as CO2 equivalent) emissions reduction came to light when the potential to reduce flaring of associated gas was considered.
Gas turbines have been proven to have the best-in-class emissions for powering pressure pumping fleets and lead the industry on fuel cost savings and in achieving commitments to reduce carbon emissions in places like the Permian Basin in Texas and remote areas across the world. Though, recent industry studies abominably suggest that Tier 4 diesel and Tier 4 dual fuel (DF) engine technologies offer an alternative with emissions benefits in comparison to current gas turbine offerings this study demonstrate the contrary.
Investigation on Axial-Lateral-Torsion Nonlinear Coupling Vibration Model of Drilling String in Ultra-HPHT Curved Wells
Authors: Guo Xiaoqiang , Liu Jun , Wang Jianxun , Zhu Haiyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In view of the vibration failure of drilling string system in ultra-high temperature and high pressure (ultra-HPHT) curved wells, an axial-lateral-torsion coupling (ALTC) nonlinear vibration model of drilling string system was established using energy method and Hamiltonian principle, in which, the influence of wellbore trajectory change, wellbore constraint, interaction between bit and rock and ultra-HPHT of wellbore on elastic modulus and viscosity of drilling fluid were taken into account. The finite element method (FEM) is used to realize the numerical solution of the nonlinear vibration model. The correctness and validity of the ALTC nonlinear vibration model was verified by comparing the measured data of four ultra-HPHT wells with the theoretical calculation results of the proposed model. The research results provide a theoretically sound guidance for designing and practically sound approach for effectively improving rate of penetration (ROP) and the service life of drilling string in ultra-HPHT curved wells.
Effects of sea-level variation and sedimentary noise variation on the development of biogenic reefs since the Pliocene among the Xisha Islands, South China Sea
Authors: Zhao Ke , Du Xuebin , Jia Jixin , Xie Xinong , Hao Fang , Shi Jiacheng , Yue Shang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Carbonate strata are a vital and favorable reservoir for global oil and gas exploration, and carbonate sedimentary systems record ancient oceanic and paleoclimatic conditions, including paleoenvironmental variations throughout geologic periods. Carbonate platforms are widely distributed among the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea and contain large amounts of oil and gas resources. Biogenic reefs are the dominant parts of the carbonate platforms in the Xisha Islands; however, research on the factors that control and affect biogenic reef development is lacking. In this study, a core from well XK-1, which is located on Yongxing Island in the Xisha Islands, a sedimentary noise model, and time-series analyses were used to determine the effects of sea-level fluctuations from 5.3 Ma to present. The results show that coral reefs in the Xisha Islands are sensitive to eustatic fluctuations and that a decrease in sea level essentially corresponds to an increase in sedimentation rate. Indexes of the East Asian monsoon and other environmental indexes show that the Pleistocene and Holocene were suitable for coral growth; however, the trends shown by these indexes and the sea-level variation indicate that the future growth of coral reefs will be at a disadvantage. Research on the controlling factors of biogenic reefs is of significance for understanding reef growth, performing global reef comparisons, and encouraging the future protection of coral reefs.
Use of whole genome sequencing to determine genetic basis of suspected mitochondrial disorders: cohort study
Authors: Schon Katherine R , Horvath Rita , Wei Wei , Calabrese Claudia , Tucci Arianna , Ibañez Kristina , Ratnaike Thiloka , Pitceathly Robert D S , Bugiardini Enrico , Quinlivan Rosaline , Hanna Michael G , Clement Emma , Ashton Emma , Sayer John A , Brennan Paul , Josifova Dragana , Izatt Louise , Fratter Carl , Nesbitt Victoria , Barrett Timothy , McMullen Dominic J , Smith Audrey , Deshpande Charulata , Smithson Sarah F , Festenstein Richard , Canham Natalie , Caulfield Mark , Houlden Henry , Rahman( Shamima , Chinnery Patrick F 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether whole genome sequencing can be used to define the molecular basis of suspected mitochondrial disease.DesignCohort study.SettingNational Health Service, England, including secondary and tertiary care.Participants345 patients with suspected mitochondrial disorders recruited to the 100 000 Genomes Project in England between 2015 and 2018.InterventionShort read whole genome sequencing was performed. Nuclear variants were prioritised on the basis of gene panels chosen according to phenotypes, ClinVar pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants, and the top 10 prioritised variants from Exomiser. Mitochondrial DNA variants were called using an in-house pipeline and compared with a list of pathogenic variants. Copy number variants and short tandem repeats for 13 neurological disorders were also analysed. American College of Medical Genetics guidelines were followed for classification of variants.Main outcome measureDefinite or probable genetic diagnosis.ResultsA definite or probable genetic diagnosis was identified in 98/319 (31%) families, with an additional 6 (2%) possible diagnoses. Fourteen of the diagnoses (4% of the 319 families) explained only part of the clinical features. A total of 95 different genes were implicated. Of 104 families given a diagnosis, 39 (38%) had a mitochondrial diagnosis and 65 (63%) had a non-mitochondrial diagnosis.ConclusionWhole genome sequencing is a useful diagnostic test in patients with suspected mitochondrial disorders, yielding a diagnosis in a further 31% after exclusion of common causes. Most diagnoses were non-mitochondrial disorders and included developmental disorders with intellectual disability, epileptic encephalopathies, other metabolic disorders, cardiomyopathies, and leukodystrophies. These would have been missed if a targeted approach was taken, and some have specific treatments.
Posterior Corneal Asphericity Effect on Postoperative Astigmatism after EDOF Intraocular Lens Implantation in Cataract Patients
Authors: Rabinovich Mark , Guber Ivo , Jessy Niegowski Laëtitia , Aramburu del Boz Ana Maria , Al Khatib Danial , Genestier Jean-Pascal , Bovet Jerome 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To assess the impact of posterior corneal asphericity on postoperative astigmatism. Methods. We included retrospectively 70 eyes of 70 patients that underwent cataract surgery. We included data of the Q value, Kmax, K1, K2, astigmatism AL, and ACD. We performed a vectorial analysis to calculate the astigmatic vectors. Results. Seventy eyes were evaluated. 40 eyes were of females (58%) and 30 of males (42%). The average cohort age was 73 ± 8.9 years. Axial length (AL) was 23.5 ± 0.9, anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 3.13 ± 0.3, and the average posterior Q value was −0.35 ± 0.2. The only significant predictive variable for the correction index (CI) was the posterior Q value (r = 0.24,

p

< 0.05) and for the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) (β = 0.34, r = 0.58,

p

< 0.05). Conclusion. Posterior corneal surface asphericity significantly influences the surgically induced astigmatism and the overcorrection for cataract patients after Lucidis EDOF IOL implantation.
Aberrant Expression and Subcellular Localization of ECT2 Drives Colorectal Cancer Progression and Growth
Authors: Cook Danielle R. , Kang Melissa , Martin Timothy D. , Galanko Joseph A. , Loeza Gabriela H. , Trembath Dimitri G. , Justilien Verline , Pickering Karen A. , Vincent David F. , Jarosch Armin , Jurmeister Philipp , Waters Andrew M. , Hibshman Priya S. , Campbell Andrew D. , Ford Catriona A. , Keku Temitope O. , Yeh Jen Jen , Lee Michael S. , Cox Adrienne D. , Fields Alan P. , Sandler Robert S. , Sansom Owen J. , Sers Christine , Schaefer Antje , Der Channing J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractECT2 is an activator of RHO GTPases that is essential for cytokinesis. In addition, ECT2 was identified as an oncoprotein when expressed ectopically in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. However, oncogenic activation of ECT2 resulted from N-terminal truncation, and such truncated ECT2 proteins have not been found in patients with cancer. In this study, we observed elevated expression of full-length ECT2 protein in preneoplastic colon adenomas, driven by increased ECT2 mRNA abundance and associated with APC tumor-suppressor loss. Elevated ECT2 levels were detected in the cytoplasm and nucleus of colorectal cancer tissue, suggesting cytoplasmic mislocalization as one mechanism of early oncogenic ECT2 activation. Importantly, elevated nuclear ECT2 correlated with poorly differentiated tumors, and a low cytoplasmic:nuclear ratio of ECT2 protein correlated with poor patient survival, suggesting that nuclear and cytoplasmic ECT2 play distinct roles in colorectal cancer. Depletion of ECT2 reduced anchorage-independent cancer cell growth and invasion independent of its function in cytokinesis, and loss of Ect2 extended survival in a KrasG12D Apc-null colon cancer mouse model. Expression of ECT2 variants with impaired nuclear localization or guanine nucleotide exchange catalytic activity failed to restore cancer cell growth or invasion, indicating that active, nuclear ECT2 is required to support tumor progression. Nuclear ECT2 promoted ribosomal DNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis in colorectal cancer. These results support a driver role for both cytoplasmic and nuclear ECT2 overexpression in colorectal cancer and emphasize the critical role of precise subcellular localization in dictating ECT2 function in neoplastic cells.Significance:ECT2 overexpression and mislocalization support its role as a driver in colon cancer that is independent from its function in normal cell cytokinesis.
KMT9 Controls Stemness and Growth of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Berlin Christopher , Cottard Félicie , Willmann Dominica , Urban Sylvia , Tirier Stephan M. , Marx Lisa , Rippe Karsten , Schmitt Mark , Petrocelli Valentina , Greten Florian R. , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan , Kesselring Rebecca , Metzger Eric , Schüle Roland 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is among the leading causes of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Treatment failure and tumor recurrence due to survival of therapy-resistant cancer stem/initiating cells represent major clinical issues to overcome. In this study, we identified lysine methyltransferase 9 (KMT9), an obligate heterodimer composed of KMT9α and KMT9β that monomethylates histone H4 at lysine 12 (H4K12me1), as an important regulator in colorectal tumorigenesis. KMT9α and KMT9β were overexpressed in colorectal cancer and colocalized with H4K12me1 at promoters of target genes involved in the regulation of proliferation. Ablation of KMT9α drastically reduced colorectal tumorigenesis in mice and prevented the growth of murine as well as human patient-derived tumor organoids. Moreover, loss of KMT9α impaired the maintenance and function of colorectal cancer stem/initiating cells and induced apoptosis specifically in this cellular compartment. Together, these data suggest that KMT9 is an important regulator of colorectal carcinogenesis, identifying KMT9 as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Significance:
The H4K12 methyltransferase KMT9 regulates tumor cell proliferation and stemness in colorectal cancer, indicating that targeting KMT9 could be a useful approach for preventing and treating this disease.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Induces Genomic and Transcriptomic Changes in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Javellana Melissa , Eckert Mark A. , Heide Janna , Zawieracz Katarzyna , Weigert Melanie , Ashley Sarah , Stock Elizabeth , Chapel David , Huang Lei , Yamada S. Diane , Ahmed Ahmed Ashour , Lastra Ricardo R. , Chen Mengjie , Lengyel Ernst 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

The growing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to treat advanced stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) creates an opportunity to better understand chemotherapy-induced mutational and gene expression changes. Here we performed a cohort study including 34 patients with advanced stage IIIC or IV HGSOC to assess changes in the tumor genome and transcriptome in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RNA sequencing and panel DNA sequencing of 596 cancer-related genes was performed on paired formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens collected before and after chemotherapy, and differentially expressed genes (DEG) and copy-number variations (CNV) in pre- and post-chemotherapy samples were identified. Following tissue and sequencing quality control, the final patient cohort consisted of 32 paired DNA and 20 paired RNA samples. Genomic analysis of paired samples did not reveal any recurrent chemotherapy-induced mutations. Gene expression analyses found that most DEGs were upregulated by chemotherapy, primarily in the chemotherapy-resistant specimens. AP-1 transcription factor family genes (FOS, FOSB, FRA-1) were particularly upregulated in chemotherapy-resistant samples. CNV analysis identified recurrent 11q23.1 amplification, which encompasses SIK2. In vitro, combined treatment with AP-1 or SIK2 inhibitors with carboplatin or paclitaxel demonstrated synergistic effects. These data suggest that AP-1 activity and SIK2 copy-number amplification are induced by chemotherapy and may represent mechanisms by which chemotherapy resistance evolves in HGSOC. AP-1 and SIK2 are druggable targets with available small molecule inhibitors and represent potential targets to circumvent chemotherapy resistance.

Significance:
Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identify increased AP-1 activity and SIK2 copy-number amplifications in resistant ovarian cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, uncovering synergistic effects of AP-1 and SIK2 inhibitors with chemotherapy.