bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of ambient temperature on life loss per death from cardiovascular diseases: a multicenter study in central China
Authors: Lv Ling-Shuang , Zhou Chun-Liang , Jin Dong-Hui , Ma Wen-Jun , Liu Tao , Xie Yi-Jun , Xu Yi-Qing , Zhang Xing-E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
In the context of global climate change, studies have focused on the ambient temperature and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, little is known about the effect of ambient temperature on year of life lost (YLL), especially the life loss per death caused by ambient temperature. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between ambient temperature and life loss and estimate the impact of ambient temperature on life loss per death.

Methods
We collected daily time series of mortality and meteorological data from 70 locations in Hunan province, central China, in periods ranging from Jan. 1, 2013, to Dec. 31, 2017. Crude rates of YLL were calculated per 100,000 people per year (YLL/100,000 population) for each location. A distributed lag nonlinear model and multivariate meta-regression were used to estimate the associations between ambient temperature and YLL rates. Then, the average life loss per death attributable to ambient temperature was calculated.

Results
There were 711,484 CVD deaths recorded within the study period. The exposure-response curve between ambient temperature and YLL rates was inverted J or U-shaped. Relative to the minimum YLL rate temperature, the life loss risk of extreme cold temperature lasted for 10 to 12 days, whereas the risk of extreme hot temperature appeared immediately and lasted for 3 days. On average, the life loss per death attributable to non-optimum ambient temperatures was 1.89 (95% CI, 1.21-2.56) years. Life loss was mainly caused by cold temperature (1.13, 95% CI, 0.89‑1.37), particularly moderate cold (1.00, 95% CI, 0.78‑1.23). For demographic characteristics, the mean life loss per death was relatively higher for males (2.07, 95% CI, 1.44‑2.68) and younger populations (3.72, 95% CI, 2.06‑5.46) than for females (1.88, 95% CI, 1.21-2.57) and elderly people (1.69, 95% CI, 1.28-2.10), respectively.

Conclusions
We found that both cold and hot temperatures significantly aggravated premature death from CVDs. Our results indicated that the whole range of effects of ambient temperature on CVDs should be given attention.
Cooling out after breaking up. Milieuunterschiede im Umgang mit dem Beziehungsscheitern
Authors: Eckert Judith 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungIn seinem Aufsatz „On cooling the mark out. Some aspects of adaptation to failure“ erwähnt Erving Goffman das Scheitern von Paarbeziehungen als Paradebeispiel für Cooling-out-Prozesse in informellen sozialen Settings. Daran anknüpfend fragt der vorliegende Beitrag zum einen, inwiefern das Cooling-out-Konzept für die gegenwärtige familiensoziologische Theoriebildung fruchtbar gemacht werden kann. Indem es, so wird argumentiert, ein integratives und genuin soziologisches Instrumentarium zum Verständnis materieller und vor allem symbolischer Trennungsfolgen, die damit einhergehenden interpretativen Krisen sowie deren Bewältigung bietet, hat Goffmans Konzept gegenüber den bislang dominierenden psychologischen Konzeptualisierungen deutliche Vorzüge. Zum anderen wird danach gefragt, inwiefern die Analyse des Umgangs mit dem Scheitern von Paarbeziehungen zur Weiterentwicklung des Cooling-out-Konzepts beitragen kann. Auf der Grundlage qualitativer Interviews mit Getrennten wird gezeigt, dass es milieuspezifische Präferenzen bezüglich der „abkühlenden“ Deutungsrahmen gibt, auf die die Akteure bei der Situations- und Selbstredefinition zurückgreifen. Während im individualisierten Milieu die (Re‑)Konstruktion „verborgener Wahrheiten“ in vertrauensvollen Gesprächen und die reflexive Arbeit am Selbst im Vordergrund steht, ist im traditionalen Milieu die Mobilisierung öffentlicher Fürsprache angesichts infrage stehender Geschlechterrollenperformanz von zentraler Bedeutung. Erweitert um Goffmans Rahmenanalyse und milieusoziologisch angewandt, lassen sich somit mithilfe des Cooling-out-Konzepts stark divergierende Deutungsmuster und Praxen in der Verarbeitung von Trennungen beschreiben.
Transforming to a regenerative U.S. agriculture: the role of policy, process, and education
Authors: Day Cathy , Cramer Sarah 
Published: October 2021

AbstractU.S. agriculture is both a major source of global food and a key contributor to multiple interconnected crises. Climate change, biodiversity loss, and severe impacts on soil and water quality are among the challenges caused by U.S. industrial agriculture. Regenerative methods of farming are necessary to confront all these challenges simultaneously, in addition to addressing the increasing challenges to farm labor conditions. Transforming U.S. agriculture to a regenerative system will require a focus on creating traction for the values, beliefs, worldviews, and paradigms that effectively support such transformation while decreasing the friction that works against them. With a focus on creating traction for transformation, we review the factors and processes that tend to promote and maintain ecological improvements on farms. Starting from a case study that points to some of the sources of friction and traction in the current U.S. agricultural system, we use the framework of three spheres of transformation to focus discussion on how processes that form beliefs and values shape and can reshape farming. We develop a series of points of entry for engaging the systemic changes that will offer farmers traction for transformation. We review literature on agricultural networks, polycentric governance, social learning, agricultural education, and farmer characteristics that lend themselves to ecologically mindful change, thereby identifying interventions that tend to provide traction for change. These approaches, and the supports that allow rural communities and the people that work in them to survive and thrive, are necessary to create the traction needed for farms to undergo a shift to regenerative agricultural practices. We link these changes to the promise of the twentieth century New Deal agricultural programs and the potential of the Green New Deal.
Opportunities and Challenges for Process Mining in Organizations: Results of a Delphi Study
Authors: Martin Niels , Fischer Dominik A. , Kerpedzhiev Georgi D. , Goel Kanika , Leemans Sander J. J. , Röglinger Maximilian , van der Aalst Wil M. P. , Dumas Marlon , La Rosa Marcello , Wynn Moe T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProcess mining is an active research domain and has been applied to understand and improve business processes. While significant research has been conducted on the development and improvement of algorithms, evidence on the application of process mining in organizations has been far more limited. In particular, there is limited understanding of the opportunities and challenges of using process mining in organizations. Such an understanding has the potential to guide research by highlighting barriers for process mining adoption and, thus, can contribute to successful process mining initiatives in practice. In this respect, the paper provides a holistic view of opportunities and challenges for process mining in organizations identified in a Delphi study with 40 international experts from academia and industry. Besides proposing a set of 30 opportunities and 32 challenges, the paper conveys insights into the comparative relevance of individual items, as well as differences in the perceived relevance between academics and practitioners. Therefore, the study contributes to the future development of process mining, both as a research field and regarding its application in organizations.
Paddy seed variety identification using T20-HOG and Haralick textural features
Authors: Uddin Machbah , Islam Mohammad Aminul , Shajalal Md. , Hossain Mohammad Afzal , Yousuf Md. Sayeed Iftekhar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe seed is an inevitable element for agricultural and industrial production. The non-destructive paddy seed variety identification is essential to assure paddy purity and quality. This research is aimed at developing a computer vision-based system to identify paddy varieties using multiple heterogeneous features, exploiting textural, external, and physical properties. We captured the paddy seed images without any fixed setup to make the system user friendly at both industry and farmer levels, which can lead to illumination problems in the images. To overcome this problem, we introduced a modified histogram oriented gradient (T20-HOG) feature that can describe the illumination, scale, and rotational variations of a paddy image. We also utilized the existing Haralick and traditional features and the dimensionality of the features is reduced by the Lasso feature selection technique. The selected features are used to train the feed-forward neural network (FNN) to predict the paddy variety. The experiments conducted on two different datasets: BDRICE, and VNRICE. Results of our method are shown in terms of four standard evaluation metrics, namely, accuracy, precision, recall, and F_1 score, and achieved 99.28%, 98.64%, 98.48%, and 98.56% score, respectively. We also compared our system efficiency with existing studies. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed features are effective to identify paddy variety and achieved a new state-of-the-art performance. And we also observed that our newly proposed T20-HOG features have a major impact on overall system performance.
Integration and classification approach based on probabilistic semantic association for big data
Authors: VandanaKolisetty Vishnu , Rajput Dharmendra Singh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe process of integration through classification provides a unified representation of diverse data sources in Big data. The main challenges of big data analysis are due to the various granularities, irreconcilable data models, and multipart interdependencies between data content. Previously designed models were facing problems in integrating and analyzing big data due to highly complex and dynamic multi-source and heterogeneous information variation and also in processing and classifying the association among the attributes in a schema. In this paper, we propose an integration and classification approach through designing a Probabilistic Semantic Association (PSA) method to generate the feature pattern for the sources of big data. The PSA approach is trained to understand the data association and dependency pattern between the data class and incoming data to map the data objects accurately. It initially builds a data integration mechanism by transforming data into structured and learn to utilize the trained knowledge to classify the probabilistic association among the data and knowledge patterns. Later it builds a data analysis mechanism to analyze the mapped data through PSA to evaluate the integration efficiency. An experimental evaluation is performed over a real-time crime dataset generated from multiple locations having various events classes. The analysis of results confined that the utilization of knowledge patterns of accurate classification to enhance the integration of multiple source data is appropriate. The measure of precision, recall, fall-out rate, and F-measure approve the efficiency of the proposed PSA method. Even in comparison with the state-of-art classification method and with SC-LDA algorithm shows an improvisation in the prediction accuracy and enhance the data integration.
Hate speech operationalization: a preliminary examination of hate speech indicators and their structure
Authors: Papcunová Jana , Martončik Marcel , Fedáková Denisa , Kentoš Michal , Bozogáňová Miroslava , Srba Ivan , Moro Robert , Pikuliak Matúš , Šimko Marián , Adamkovič Matúš 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHate speech should be tackled and prosecuted based on how it is operationalized. However, the existing theoretical definitions of hate speech are not sufficiently fleshed out or easily operable. To overcome this inadequacy, and with the help of interdisciplinary experts, we propose an empirical definition of hate speech by providing a list of 10 hate speech indicators and the rationale behind them (the indicators refer to specific, observable, and measurable characteristics that offer a practical definition of hate speech). A preliminary exploratory examination of the structure of hate speech, with the focus on comments related to migrants (one of the most reported grounds of hate speech), revealed that two indicators in particular, denial of human rights and promoting violent behavior, occupy a central role in the network of indicators. Furthermore, we discuss the practical implications of the proposed hate speech indicators—especially (semi-)automatic detection using the latest natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) methods. Having a set of quantifiable indicators could benefit researchers, human right activists, educators, analysts, and regulators by providing them with a pragmatic approach to hate speech assessment and detection.
Effectiveness of eccentric-biased exercise interventions in reducing the incidence of falls and improving functional performance in older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Kulkarni Durga , Gregory Sarah , Evans Michelle 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Exercise has been known to preserve and enhance functional performance in older adults. Eccentric exercise involves muscle contractions characterised by unique features such as lengthening of the muscle–tendon complex by a greater opposing force.

Aims
To systematically review randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of eccentric exercises in reducing the incidence of falls and improving the functional performance in older adults.

Key methods
We conducted a systematic review of RCTs following the PRISMA-P guidelines. Searches were completed in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, CINAHL, Medline, and Global Health CABI. We included RCTs reporting at least one of the following outcomes—falls, Berg balance scale, timed-up and go test, chair stand test, stair climb test, maximal walking speed, and minute walking distance. Two reviewers screened papers for eligibility and assessed the quality of included papers using the Cochrane Collaborative risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and cross-checked by the second reviewer. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, given the high level of heterogeneity across studies.

Results
Ten studies were assessed as eligible for inclusion in the review. Overall, eccentric exercises were as effective as conventional resistance exercises in improving the selected outcomes by most studies. Additionally, when pre-exercise and post-eccentric exercise functional performance measures were compared, there was a statistically significant improvement in nearly all measures. The quality of trials was mixed (one high, four moderate, two low–moderate, and three low risk of bias).

Conclusions
Our systematic review suggests that eccentric exercises can be as effective as conventional exercises in older adults. Evidence suggests that such exercise interventions can lead to an improvement in geriatric function.
Job stress and mental health among social workers: evidence from a field experiment at a public employment support institution in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Yumi , Kohara Miki , Nushimoto Aya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines the causal effects of job stress on workers’ mental health. Evaluating the causal relationship between job stress and workers’ mental health is challenging due to an endogeneity problem, as heavy workloads and thus job stress are likely assigned to workers in good mental health condition. Endogeneity can also be problematic due to workers’ unobserved heterogeneity, such as personal capacities and stress resistance, which are associated with both job stress and mental health outcomes. To solve this problem, we conduct a field experiment at a public employment support institution in Japan. In the experiment, we randomly assign counsellors to jobseekers who are visiting the institution for the first time. Since jobseekers experience varying levels of difficulty finding work, this random assignment results in unexpected workloads, adding job stress for counsellors. We then collect counsellors’ daily records on mental health conditions for 4 consecutive weeks, matching the responses with the random assignment data on job counselling. Utilising a panel structure of the dataset and applying a fixed-effects model, we remove counsellors’ time-invariant unobserved heterogeneities. We measure counsellors’ mental health in terms of both subjective, self-reported perceptions and objective aspects of blood pressure and pulse. The results reveal that the job stress driven by newly assigned problematic jobseekers deteriorates aspects of counsellors’ objective mental health, whereas it does not appear to affect their subjective mental health. This result suggests that workers can accumulate the negative effects of job stress on mental health that they may be unaware of.
Cytogenetic identification and molecular marker development for the novel stripe rust-resistant wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium translocation line WTT11
Authors: Yang Guotang , Zheng Qi , Hu Pan , Li Hongwei , Luo Qiaoling , Li Bin , Li Zhensheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Xiaoyan 78829, a partial amphidiploid developed by crossing common wheat with Thinopyrum intermedium, is immune to wheat stripe rust. To transfer the resistance gene of this excellent germplasm resource to wheat, the translocation line WTT11 was produced by pollen irradiation and assessed for immunity to stripe rust races CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34. A novel stripe rust-resistance locus derived from Th. intermedium was confirmed by linkage and diagnostic marker analyses. Molecular cytogenetic analyses revealed that WTT11 carries a TTh·2DL translocation. The breakpoint of 1B was located at 95.5 MB, and the alien segments were found to be homoeologous to wheat-group chromosomes 6 and 7 according to a wheat660K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis. Ten previously developed PCR-based markers were confirmed to rapidly trace the alien segments of WTT11, and 20 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed to enable genotyping of Th. intermedium and common wheat. Evaluation of agronomic traits in two consecutive crop seasons uncovered some favorable agronomic traits in WTT11, such as lower plant height and longer main panicles, that may be applicable to wheat improvement. As a novel genetic resource, the new resistance locus may be useful for wheat disease-resistance breeding.
A Novel Case Study of the Use of Real-World Evidence to Support the Registration of an Osteoporosis Product in China
Authors: Storm Neal E. , Chang Wen , Lin Tzu-Chieh , Lange Jeff L. , Bradbury Brian , Critchlow Cathy W. , Galson Steven K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOn June 23, 2020, Prolia® (denosumab) was approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in the People’s Republic of China as the first monoclonal antibody for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk of fractures. Its brand name in Chinese is 普罗力, a transliteration from the English name “Prolia”, which has an implied meaning of “to give strength to everyone”— a suitable name for a potent anti-resorptive therapy. The approval was supported by a novel marketing authorization application (MAA) that included data from Prolia’s global clinical trial program establishing favorable efficacy and safety, augmented by results from a real-world evidence (RWE) study confirming the effectiveness and safety of Prolia in clinical practice within Taiwan and Hong Kong. Key constructs for this registration-quality RWE study included the fit-for-purpose assessment of data quality, methodology and quantitative assessment of potential biases, good practices of study conduct, and reproducibility of results. Using data from clinical practice in Taiwan and Hong Kong to evaluate the benefits versus risks of Prolia treatment in ethnic Chinese women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, the RWE study results for effectiveness were comparable to efficacy demonstrated in the global clinical trial program and results for safety were consistent with the incidence observed in global post-marketing safety studies. While RWE is often used to monitor postmarket safety of drug products, support health insurance coverage decisions, and inform clinicians on real-world use of medicines, it has not been widely used to support regulatory approval for new medicines in lieu of clinical bridging studies in countries where such studies are required. Well-conducted registrational RWE studies can play a pivotal role in complementing the totality of evidence presented in an MAA. The benefits of such an approach include avoiding the collection of additional placebo-controlled trial data in populations where adequate ethnic characterization of efficacy, effectiveness, and safety may already exist from postmarketing sources, and accelerate access for patients to innovative medicines in important regions. Here, we describe a regulatory case study of a novel MAA incorporating RWE that provided important evidence to confirm the benefit:risk of a new drug and facilitated a label expansion to a new patient population.
Synthesis of conical Co–Fe alloys structures obtained with crystal modifier in superimposed magnetic field
Authors: Skibińska Katarzyna , Kutyła Dawid , Kołczyk-Siedlecka Karolina , Marzec Mateusz M. , Żabiński Piotr , Kowalik Remigiusz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The addition of crystal modifier to electrolyte used during electrodeposition of metals and alloys allows obtaining conical structures without using any template. This method is fast and ensures covering large areas during one single electrodeposition process. In this work, Co–Fe cones were obtained by one-step method with ammonium chloride as a crystal modifier. The influence of electrodeposition parameters and electrolyte compositions were investigated. Electrodeposition conditions (duration, electrolyte temperature, and addition of NH4Cl), which allow obtaining the most uniform conical structures, were applied during sample fabrication in the magnetic field. The influence of its value and direction on the quality and compositions of obtained alloys was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photos. To check if there is any change in the sample crystal system, the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed. To confirm the synthesis of Co–Fe cones, they were analyzed using the X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) method.