bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the vulnerability of Gayo coffee households towards floods and landslides in Central Aceh-Indonesia
Authors: Azzahra S , Hamid A H , Nugroho A , Zulkarnain  , Wahyuni W 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the vulnerability of Gayo highland smallholder coffee farmers in Indonesia. On the one hand, this region produced premium quality arabica coffees, but on the other hand, it is prone to flooding and landslides. This study employs household survey data of 34 affected coffee farmers collected in 2020. A Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) approach was employed to evaluate the vulnerability to floods and landslide impacts using different indicators along with three major components i.e. sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity. The results showed that the livelihoods of Gayo coffee farmers are vulnerable to floods and landslides impacts and necessarily need efforts to improve their adaptive capacity.
Stakeholder analysis for controlling land utilization in Parangtritis sand dunes
Authors: Ningrum E R , Laili A , Yasiroh I I , Wardani W T K , Al Tumus M G R , Amri I , Aditya B , Putri R F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Land use change in coastal sand dune is a problematic issue that can arise due to inappropriate use. Stakeholders have a large role in the management of sand dune. This study aims to identify and map the role of stakeholders in relation to land utilization in Parangtritis sand dunes. Land use distribution was analyzed using ArcGIS software, while the method used for stakeholder analysis was in-depth interviews. The stakeholders in this study are the Spatial Planning Agency of Bantul Regency (DPTR), the Environmental Agency of Bantul Regency (DLH), Parangtritis Geomaritime Science Park (PGSP), Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis), Save Our Sand Dune Lives (SOSDL), village government, and the local community. The result indicated that many anthropogenic activities were identified on the sand dune area, which in turn can endanger the existence of this landform. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the stakeholders included in the role of the main players (key players) are DPTR, DLH, PGSP, Pokdarwis, and SOSDL. Meanwhile, stakeholders included in the subject category are the village government and the local community. There is no communication forum for management, supervision, and control of the sand dune conservation area, as well as integration between stakeholders.
Accuracy assessment of relative and absolute water column correction methods for benthic habitat mapping in Parang Island
Authors: Hadi A A , Wicaksono P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The condition of benthic habitats in optically shallow sea waters becomes important information in the inventory and processing of coastal resources. Remote sensing is effective and efficient in mapping benthic habitats. This study aims to apply absolute and relative water column correction methods in order to map benthic habitats on Parang Island using PlanetScope image. The benthic habitat classification scheme used consists of coral reefs, seagrass, macroalgae, and substrate. We compared the accuracy of benthic habitat map based on absolute and relative water column correction methods. The classification methods used are the Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results showed that benthic habitat map with the highest accuracy was obtained by a combination of Lyzenga-ML at 61.63% followed by Purkis-SVM at 59.18%, Lyzenga-SVM at 41.90%, and Purkis-ML 16.87%. The results show that the Lyzenga water column correction method is the best choice in mapping benthic habitats.
Estimation of erosion using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in Samin Sub-watershed, Karanganyar and Sukoharjo Districts, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Syahdiba H N , Kusumandari A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Over the past 10 years (2005-2015) there has been an increase in settlement land use in the Samin Sub-watershed, with an average of 26.8 ha/year [1]. Land in the study area is also widely used as plantations and agriculture without regard to soil conditions that are easily eroded and prone to landslides. Inappropriate land use has caused river siltation problems downstream and flooding. The purpose of this study is to determine the erosion rate of the Samin Sub-watershed predicted using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, test the suitability of the model in predicting erosion, and create scenarios for the application of Soil and Water Conservation in the form of terraces to reduce erosion level. The results indicated that the average erosion rate in the Samin Sub-watershed is 57.4 tons/ha/year. The highest erosion value is in dry land use. The three criteria for the Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) that predominate are the medium, light, and very light classes. Model suitability testing is carried out in 2 stages, namely calibration and validation. The calibration process obtained the value of R2 0.77 and NSE 0.23. The validation process resulted the value of R2 20.57 and NSE 0.40. The scenario of the application of Soil and Water Conservation technique in the form of a terrace will reduce erosion in the Samin Sub-watershed up to very light erosion hazard grade reaching 53%.
Optimizing antioxidant properties of salam (Syzygium polyanthum) leaf extract through nanoencapsulation technology
Authors: ’Afifah A N , Dono N D , Zuprizal  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nanoencapsulation preparation was carried out to optimize the antioxidant properties of salam leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum). The ionic gelation method was used in the process of making nanoencapsulation with chitosan and Sodium Trypolypospat (STPP) as a coating material. The parameters observed included the antioxidant activity of salam leaf extract and the characteristics of the nanoencapsulation of salam leaf extract. NSLE characterization was measured, such as particle size, zeta potential (using Particle Size Analyzer), and nanoparticle morphology (using Transmission Electron Microscopy). Descriptive analysis was used to discuss the results obtained which are equipped with tables and figures. The results showed that the optimum formulation of NSLE was the ratio of extract nanoencapsulation: chitosan: STPP was 1: 4: 1/90. The antioxidant activity of the salam leaf extract was 68.55%, then the measured NSLE particle size was 478.3 nm with a Polydispersity Index (PI) of 0.52 and a measured zeta potential value of + 42.3 mV. NSLE particle morphology looks round with a rough surface. Characterization of NSLE has the potential to protect bioactive compounds so that they can optimize the performance of antioxidant activity.
Effect of yellow sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas L.) as a prebiotic source for the kinetics of fermentation and the production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus paracasei
Authors: Barus W L , Bachruddin Z , Hanim C , Yusiati L M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of yellow sweet potato extract as a prebiotic source for fermentation kinetics L. paracasei. Bacteria L. paracasei, which is used here, is a collection of Laboratory Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science UGM. Concentrations of yellow sweet potato extract used to determine the Km value L. paracasei were 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%. Lactic acid production and fermentation pH value of L. paracasei with different levels of yellow sweet potato extract (2 Km, Km, 1.5 Km) were measured after 24 hours incubation period. Km value bacteria L. paracasei obtained 2.1 g/100ml. Different concentrations of yellow sweet potato (2 Km, Km, 1.5 Km) as a treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the increase in lactic acid produced and decrease in pH. Based on this experiment, it can be seen that level substrate with Km value have not produced optimal lactic acid.
Effect of purple sweet potato levels (Ipomoea batatas L.) carbohydrate sources on fermentation kinetics and lactic acid production by Lactobacillus paracasei
Authors: Tasminto D , Bachruddin Z , Kurniawati A , Muhlisin  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research aims to determine the effect of purple sweet potato extract level as a carbohydrate source substrate on the kinetics of fermentation and lactic acid production by Lactobacillus paracasei. Research using L. paracasei, which is a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) collection of the Laboratory of Nutrition Biochemistry of the Faculty of Animal Sciences UGM. Fermentation kinetics were observed with a graph of substrate degradation derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation. Purple sweet potato extract concentration (S) used to determine the value of Km and qmax of L. paracasei was 0,01; 0,05 and 0,1%. Purple sweet potato extract concentration (S), which was used for observing the kinetics fermentation and lactic acid production, was ½ Km, Km and 1,5 Km. Observation of substrate degradation was known by conducting the Antrone test. The results of the fermentation kinetics test in the form of slope values, as a parameter of the speed of substrate degradation L. paracasei. Lactic acid production was measured using the Barker and Summerson methods. Analysis data for the value of Km and qmax observed descriptively. While, the data of the fermentation kinetics test, pH values and production of lactic acid were analyzed using analysis of variance with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a unidirectional pattern. The addition of purple sweet potato extract to liquid fermentation L. paracasei grading 1,5 Km (3 g/100ml) has shown the optimum pH value and lactic acid production but ½ Km concentration shows higher substrate efficiency.
Ullage level monitoring model using sensors inside and outside the system in the fino-style winemaking aging process
Authors: Pambudi S A L , Hujja R M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Manual control of wine production possibly can be ineffective, considering in a winery there could be more than one parameter quality control with many tanks or barrels produced at the same time. In the aging process of Fino-style winemaking, the ullage must be maintained at a constant level. Considering the existing barrels and tanks, space is needed to place the sensor to collect data with the best result possible. In the case of sensor placement inside the system, an ultrasonic sensor is used by acquiring the time data needed to receive the signal emitted from the sensor. Whereas in the case of sensor placement outside the system, a microphone is being used to acquire sound frequency data generated from hitting wine cask with solenoids in a sample time of 100ms. Based on the latest research, the two sensors can be used to acquire ullage data from casks. However, for long-term use of an ullage monitoring system, it is recommended to use the inside one, although it is more expensive, the simple working principle and easier maintenance making it unlikely to hire experts only for dealing with the sensor nodes.
Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Indonesia
Authors: Nurcahyo R W , Ekawasti F , Haryuningtyas D , Wardhana A H , Firdausy L W , Priyowidodo D , Prastowo J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematode parasites play an important role in cattle farming in Indonesia. The majority of parasite infection cases cause weight loss and decreases in appetite, productivity, milk production and farmers’ economic income. This study aimed at finding out the incidence of gastrointestinal nematode parasite disease in cattle at several regions in Indonesia. It was conducted in the period of March 6th to October 2020. There were totally 335 samples randomly drawn from various regions in 15 provinces of 34 provinces in Indonesia. Stool was examined using Whitlock and flotation methods. The results showed that the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes Strongyle, Trichuris sp., Capillaria sp., and Ascaris sp. amounted to 24.2%. The highest prevalence of the Strongyle nematodes was found in West Nusa Tenggara (52%), Central Kalimantan (50.8%) and Southeast Sulawesi (40%). The prevalence of the Trichuris sp. in East Java was 15%, while it was 10% in Central Kalimantan. The prevalence of the Capillaria sp. in North Kalimantan was 21.1%, in West Sumatra 18.8% and in East Java 6.7%. The prevalence of the Ascaris sp. worms in East Java was 16.7%. The results of the characterization based on age, sex and cattle management showed that 4.6% of the Strongyle worms were found in bulls, 2.74% in females, 4.38% in intensive maintenance and 2.47% in semi-intensive maintenance, while 5.48% of the worms were found in adult cattle and 1.37% in young cattle. The same pattern was observed in Trichuris sp., Capillaria sp. and Ascarids sp. infections. The results indicated the need for the eradication of the gastrointestinal nematodes through deworming and good management system.
The effect of annealing temperature on the recrystallization and mechanical properties of severe plastic deformed commercial pure aluminium during ultra-fast annealing
Authors: Zhao Yanjun , Li Liuyang , Lu Zepeng , Teng Guanqi , Liu Shaochen , Hu Zhiliu , He Aoping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the research a commercial pure aluminium was cold rolled by 98% accumulative severe plastic deformation and then ultra-fast annealed at 350 °C−520 °C with the 1000 °C/s heating rate and 1.0 s holding time. The microstructure evolution and the mechanisms of the recovery and recrystallization for the above ultra-fast annealed pure aluminium were analyzed by Gleeble 3500 thermal simulation system, electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For the ultra-fast annealing pure aluminum, the grain size increases from 2.05 μm to 17.10 μm with the increase of annealing temperature from 410 °C to 520 °C; the tensile strength of the annealed pure aluminium decreases from 116.48 MPa to 53.43 MPa, and the uniform elongation increases from 1.20% to 39.78%. When annealing at 410 °C, the storage energy was transformed into the driving force for grain nucleation, which greatly refined the grains. When annealing at 380 °C ∼ 410 °C, the pure aluminium is in the stage of recrystallization, and the average grain size refined to 2.05 μm. When annealing at 435 °C, the number of small-angle grain boundaries (<15°) was significantly reduced and the number of large-angle grain boundaries increased. When the annealing temperature increased to 470 °C or 520 °C, the crystalline grains had merged each other, leading to the grain size grow to 17.10 μm. The annealing temperature of ultra-fast annealing should be in the range of 410 °C to 435 °C for optimizing the mechanical performances of commercial pure aluminum.
Toward efficient photocatalysts for light-driven CO2 reduction: TiO2 nanostructures decorated with perovskite quantum dots
Authors: Liu Yunju , Lee Chen-Chin , Horn Mark W , Lee Hyeonseok 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nanostructured TiO2 is often used for photocatalytic CO2 conversion due to its favorable electronic properties and stability, being coupled with large surface area and unique electrical properties. However, pure TiO2, without any expensive cocatalysts, can not provide highly efficient CO2 conversion because its bandgap and resulted limited numbers of photogenerated electrons and holes limit efficient energy conversion. Here, we demonstrate TiO2 nanotube (TNT) photocatalysts equipped with two different perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) made of CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3. The fundamental properties of the PQDs and TNT/PQD photocatalysts are investigated and their potential for more efficient CO2 conversion are discussed, to our best knowledge, for the first time. TNT/CH3NH3PbI3 QD photocatalysts absorb a wider range of light energy and show superior charge transport characteristics due to less sensitivity against surface states at TNT/CH3NH3PbI3 QD interface than the TNT/CH3NH3PbBr3 photocatalysts.
Obtaining Prevalence Estimates of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Model to Inform Decision-Making
Authors: Sahlu Ida , Whittaker Alexander B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We evaluated whether randomly sampling and testing a set number of individuals for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) while adjusting for misclassification error captures the true prevalence. We also quantified the impact of misclassification error bias on publicly reported case data in Maryland. Using a stratified random sampling approach, 50,000 individuals were selected from a simulated Maryland population to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19. We examined the situation when the true prevalence is low (0.07%–2%), medium (2%–5%), and high (6%–10%). Bayesian models informed by published validity estimates were used to account for misclassification error when estimating COVID-19 prevalence. Adjustment for misclassification error captured the true prevalence 100% of the time, irrespective of the true prevalence level. When adjustment for misclassification error was not done, the results highly varied depending on the population’s underlying true prevalence and the type of diagnostic test used. Generally, the prevalence estimates without adjustment for misclassification error worsened as the true prevalence level increased. Adjustment for misclassification error for publicly reported Maryland data led to a minimal but not significant increase in the estimated average daily cases. Random sampling and testing of COVID-19 are needed with adjustment for misclassification error to improve COVID-19 prevalence estimates.
A Data-Based Approach to Evaluating Representation by Gender and Affiliation in Key Presentation Formats at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research
Authors: Nobles Carrie J , Lu Ya-Ling , Andriessen Victoria C , Bevan Suzanne S , Radoc Jeannie G , Alkhalaf Zeina , Schisterman Enrique F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The annual meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER) is a major forum for sharing new research and promoting the career development of participants. Because of this, evaluating representation in key presentation formats is critical. For the 3,257 presentations identified at the 2015–2017 SER annual meetings, we evaluated presenter characteristics, including gender, affiliation, subject area, and h-index, and representation in 3 highlighted presentation formats: platform talks (n = 382), invited symposium talks (n = 273), and chairing a concurrent contributed session or symposium (n = 188). Data were abstracted from SER records, abstract booklets, and programs. Gender was assessed using GenderChecker software, and h-index was determined using the Scopus application programming interface. Log-binomial models were adjusted for participant characteristics and conference year. In adjusted models, women were less likely than men to present an invited symposium talk (relative risk = 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.45, 0.81) compared with all participants with accepted abstracts. Researchers from US public universities, US government institutions, and international institutions were less likely to present a symposium talk or to chair a concurrent contributed session or symposium than were researchers from US private institutions. The research areas that were most represented in platform talks were epidemiologic methods, social epidemiology, and cardiovascular epidemiology. Our findings suggest differences in representation by gender, affiliation, and subject area after accounting for h-index.
Perceived Intensity and Palatability of Fatty Culinary Preparations is Associated with Individual Fatty Acid Detection Threshold and the Fatty Acid Profile of Oils Used as Ingredients
Authors: Tarragon Ernesto , Cases Ceano-Vivas Pere , Gonzalez-Ogazón Pol , Moreno Juan José 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The term oleogustus was recently proposed to describe a sixth basic taste that could guide preference for fatty foods and dishes to an extent. However, experimental data on food preference based on fatty acid (FA) content is scarce. Our aim was to examine the role of FA profile of oils and preparations as well as FA sensory thresholds on the palatability of salty and sweet culinary preparations representative of traditional Spanish Mediterranean cooking. In this study, we used three oils with similar texture and odor profile but different in their FA composition (saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated) and compared subjects in regard to their FA detection threshold and perceived pleasantness and intensity. Our results indicate that whereas saturated FAs cannot be detected at physiological concentrations, individuals can be categorized as tasters and nontasters, according to their sensory threshold to linoleic acid, which is negatively associated with perceived intensity (r = –0.393, P &lt; 0.001) but positively with palatability (r = 0.246, P = 0.018). These differences may be due to a possible response to a fat taste. This sixth taste, or oleogustus. would allow establishing differences in taste intensity/palatability considering the FA profile of the culinary preparations. Given that tasters can detect linoleic and oleic acid at lower concentrations than nontasters, a greater amount of unsaturated FAs in culinary preparations could provoke an unpleasant experience. This finding could be relevant in the context of the culinary sector and to further our understanding of food preference and eating behavior.
A Novel Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Quantitative Determination of Degradation Products in Remdesivir Injectable Drug product
Authors: Reddy H Ramakrishna , Pratap S R , Chandrasekhar N , Shamshuddin S Z M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An effectual and stability signifying technique has been validated for the quantitative verification of degradation products in Remdesivir Injectable pharmaceutical products by employing high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. The process was optimized by using an octyldecylsilane chemically bonded column (Kromasil KR100-5 C18; USP L1 phase) with dimensions; 250 mm length × 4.5 mm inner diameter and 5-μm particle size. The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization and other current regulatory guidelines for analytical method validation. The anticipated process was found to be robust, accurate, specific, linear, precise, stable and rugged in the concentration ranging from quantification level to 200% of the specification level of specified and unknown degradation impurities. The technique was effectively applied to analyze degradation products in Remdesivir Injectable drug products.
Joint EAPCI/ACVC expert consensus document on percutaneous ventricular assist devices
Authors: Chieffo Alaide , Dudek Dariusz , Hassager Christian , Combes Alain , Gramegna Mario , Halvorsen Sigrun , Huber Kurt , Kunadian Vijay , Maly Jiri , Møller Jacob Eifer , Pappalardo Federico , Tarantini Giuseppe , Tavazzi Guido , Thiele Holger , Vandenbriele Christophe , van Mieghem Nicolas , Vranckx Pascal , Werner Nikos , Price Susanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There has been a significant increase in the use of short-term percutaneous ventricular assist devices (pVADs) as acute circulatory support in cardiogenic shock and to provide haemodynamic support during interventional procedures, including high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions. Although frequently considered together, pVADs differ in their haemodynamic effects, management, indications, insertion techniques, and monitoring requirements. This consensus document summarizes the views of an expert panel by the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) and the Association for Acute Cardiovascular Care (ACVC) and appraises the value of short-term pVAD. It reviews the pathophysiological context and possible indications for pVAD in different clinical settings and provides guidance regarding the management of pVAD based on existing evidence and best current practice.