bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptom clusters in patients receiving chemotherapy: A systematic review
Authors: Harris Carolyn S. , Kober Kord M. , Conley Yvette P. , Dhruva Anand A. , Hammer Marilyn J. , Miaskowski Christine A 
Published: December 2021

Background and purposeSince 2001, symptom cluster research has grown considerably. However, because multiple methodological considerations remain, ongoing synthesis of the literature is needed to identify gaps in this area of symptom science. This systematic review evaluated the progress in symptom clusters research in adults receiving primary or adjuvant chemotherapy since 2016.MethodsEligible studies were published in English between 1 January 2017 and 17 May 2021; evaluated for and identified symptom clusters ‘de novo;’ and included only adults being treated with primary or adjuvant chemotherapy. Studies were excluded if patients had advanced cancer or were receiving palliative chemotherapy; symptoms were measured after treatment; symptom clusters were pre-specified or a patient-centred analytic approach was used. For each study, symptom instrument(s); statistical methods and symptom dimension(s) used to create the clusters; whether symptoms were allowed to load on more than one factor; method used to assess for stability of symptom clusters and associations with secondary outcomes and biomarkers were extracted.ResultsTwenty-three studies were included. Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale was the most common instrument and exploratory factor analysis was the most common statistical method used to identify symptom clusters. Psychological, gastrointestinal, and nutritional clusters were the most commonly identified clusters. Only the psychological cluster remained relatively stable over time. Only five studies evaluated for secondary outcomes.DiscussionWhile symptom cluster research has evolved, clear criteria to evaluate the stability of symptom clusters and standardised nomenclature for naming clusters are needed. Additional research is needed to evaluate the biological mechanism(s) for symptom clusters.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021240216.
Cardiovascular risk management in antiphospholipid syndrome: trends over time and comparison with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bolla Eleana , Tentolouris Nikolas , Sfikakis Petros P , Tektonidou Maria G 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterised by increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, related to thrombo-inflammatory and atherogenic mechanisms. We examined the achievement of traditional cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) therapeutic goals in APS versus other high cardiovascular risk disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and trends over time.Methods122 patients with APS (74 primary APS, female 68%, mean age 44.5±11.3) were classified according to their first visit (2011–2015 and 2016–2020 APS subgroups, 61 patients in each subgroup) and matched 1:1 for age/sex with patients with RA and DM. Cardiovascular risk was estimated by the Systemic Coronary Risk Evaluation, and the CVRF therapeutic targets were defined according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. Individual and multiple CVRF control was compared between APS subgroups, and in APS versus RA and DM.ResultsWe found a comparable or higher prevalence of CVRFs between APS and age-matched/sex-matched patients with RA and DM but low CVRF target attainment in APS according to the ESC guidelines. Despite improving trends between 2011–2015 and 2016–2020, CVRF control in high/very high-risk patients with APS was 12%, 18%, 24% and 35% for low-density lipoprotein, waist circumference, exercise and body mass index, respectively, and 59%–65% for triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and blood pressure, in 2016–2020 subgroup. CVRF control was worse in APS versus RA for smoking (p=0.014), HDL (p<0.001), waist circumference (p=0.042) and five CVRFs (p=0.030), and versus DM for exercise (p=0.077). Similar results were found in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsComparable prevalence of modifiable CVRFs to RA and DM but suboptimal CVRF target achievement was observed in APS, especially in high/very high-risk patients, highlighting the need for CVRF management strategies.
Empirical optimization of molecular simulation force fields by Bayesian inference
Authors: Köfinger Jürgen , Hummer Gerhard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The demands on the accuracy of force fields for classical molecular dynamics simulations are steadily growing as larger and more complex systems are studied over longer times. One way to meet these growing demands is to hand over the learning of force fields and their parameters to machines in a systematic (semi)automatic manner. Doing so, we can take full advantage of exascale computing, the increasing availability of experimental data, and advances in quantum mechanical computations and the calculation of experimental observables from molecular ensembles. Here, we discuss and illustrate the challenges one faces in this endeavor and explore a way forward by adapting the Bayesian inference of ensembles (BioEn) method [Hummer and Köfinger, J. Chem. Phys. (2015)] for force field parameterization. In the Bayesian inference of force fields (BioFF) method developed here, the optimization problem is regularized by a simplified prior on the force field parameters and an entropic prior acting on the ensemble. The latter compensates for the unavoidable over simplifications in the parameter prior. We determine optimal force field parameters using an iterative predictor–corrector approach, in which we run simulations, determine the reference ensemble using the weighted histogram analysis method (WHAM), and update the force field according to the BioFF posterior. We illustrate this approach for a simple polymer model, using the distance between two labeled sites as the experimental observable. By systematically resolving force field issues, instead of just reweighting a structural ensemble, the BioFF corrections extend to observables not included in ensemble reweighting. We envision future force field optimization as a formalized, systematic, and (semi)automatic machine-learning effort that incorporates a wide range of data from experiment and high-level quantum chemical calculations, and takes advantage of exascale computing resources.

Graphic abstract
Stability and phase transition of rotating Kaluza–Klein black holes
Authors: Hendi Seyed Hossein , Hajkhalili Somayeh , Jamil Mubasher , Momennia Mehrab 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the thermodynamics and phase transitions of a four-dimensional rotating Kaluza–Klein black hole solution in the presence of Maxwell electrodynamics. Calculating the conserved and thermodynamic quantities shows that the first law of thermodynamics is satisfied. To find the stable black hole’s criteria, we check the stability in the canonical ensemble by analyzing the behavior of the heat capacity. We also consider a massive scalar perturbation minimally coupled to the background geometry of the four-dimensional static Kaluza–Klein black hole and investigate the quasinormal modes by employing the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) approximation. The anomalous decay rate of the quasinormal modes spectrum is investigated by using the sixth-order WKB formula and quasi-resonance modes of the black hole are studied with averaging of Padé approximations as well.
Relationship between Maternal Mood Disorders and Dietary Intake of 3-Year-Olds
Authors: Kobayashi Minatsu , Ogawa Kohei , Morisaki Naho , Tanaka Hisako , Horikawa Reiko , Urayama Kevin Y. 
Published: December 2021

Maternal depression affects parenting and children’s early development, but its effect on dietary intake is unknown. While husbands’ involvement in parenting and having friends to talk to may reduce childcare stress, this has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, mothers were stratified by the presence or absence of mood disorders, and the effects of support from their husbands and friends on the dietary intake of their 3-year-old children were examined. This cross-sectional analysis included 920 mother-child pairs examined at the National Center for Child Health and Development in Japan. Dietary intake was assessed using a brief dietary history questionnaire, and physical measurements were taken when the children were 3 years old. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale was used to screen for maternal mood disorders, 3 years after delivery. The presence or absence of the husband’s assistance with housework and childcare, mental support, and friends was obtained from a self-administered questionnaire when the child was 3 years old. Differences in the children’s physical measurements, energy, and food intake with the presence or absence of support for subjects with or without mood disorders were compared. Mothers with support from husbands or friends had significantly fewer mood disorders. Support from friends and family did not affect the children’s physical development and whether or not mothers had mood disorder symptoms. However, children’s vegetable intake was higher if mothers were supported. Children of mothers with mood disorders had a significantly higher vegetable intake and fruit intake, depending on the support from friends (

P
=
0.046
,

P
=
0.037

); thus, such support may increase children’s vegetable and fruit intake. The results of this study revealed the importance of supportive friends and family regarding childcare.
Loss of Integrin-Linked Kinase Sensitizes Breast Cancer to SRC Inhibitors
Authors: Beetham Henry , Griffith Billie G.C. , Murina Olga , Loftus Alexander E.P. , Parry David A. , Temps Carolin , Culley Jayne , Muir Morwenna , Unciti-Broceta Asier , Sims Andrew H. , Byron Adam , Brunton Valerie G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

SRC is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase with key roles in breast cancer development and progression. Despite this, SRC tyrosine kinase inhibitors have so far failed to live up to their promise in clinical trials, with poor overall response rates. We aimed to identify possible synergistic gene–drug interactions to discover new rational combination therapies for SRC inhibitors. An unbiased genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen in a model of triple-negative breast cancer revealed that loss of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and its binding partners α-Parvin and PINCH-1 sensitizes cells to bosutinib, a clinically approved SRC/ABL kinase inhibitor. Sensitivity to bosutinib did not correlate with ABL dependency; instead, bosutinib likely induces these effects by acting as a SRC tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo models showed that loss of ILK enhanced sensitivity to eCF506, a novel and highly selective inhibitor of SRC with a unique mode of action. Whole-genome RNA sequencing following bosutinib treatment in ILK knockout cells identified broad changes in the expression of genes regulating cell adhesion and cell–extracellular matrix. Increased sensitivity to SRC inhibition in ILK knockout cells was associated with defective adhesion, resulting in reduced cell number as well as increased G1 arrest and apoptosis. These findings support the potential of ILK loss as an exploitable therapeutic vulnerability in breast cancer, enhancing the effectiveness of clinical SRC inhibitors.

Significance:
A CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals that loss of integrin-linked kinase synergizes with SRC inhibition, providing a new opportunity for enhancing the clinical effectiveness of SRC inhibitors in breast cancer.
A Summary of the Inaugural WHO Classification of Pediatric Tumors: Transitioning from the Optical into the Molecular Era
Authors: Pfister Stefan M. , Reyes-Múgica Miguel , Chan John K.C. , Hasle Henrik , Lazar Alexander J. , Rossi Sabrina , Ferrari Andrea , Jarzembowski Jason A. , Pritchard-Jones Kathy , Hill D. Ashley , Jacques Thomas S. , Wesseling Pieter , López Terrada Dolores H. , von Deimling Andreas , Kratz Christian P. , Cree Ian A. , Alaggio Rita 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Pediatric tumors are uncommon, yet are the leading cause of cancer-related death in childhood. Tumor types, molecular characteristics, and pathogenesis are unique, often originating from a single genetic driver event. The specific diagnostic challenges of childhood tumors led to the development of the first World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Pediatric Tumors. The classification is rooted in a multilayered approach, incorporating morphology, IHC, and molecular characteristics. The volume is organized according to organ sites and provides a single, state-of-the-art compendium of pediatric tumor types. A special emphasis was placed on “blastomas,” which variably recapitulate the morphologic maturation of organs from which they originate.

Significance:
In this review, we briefly summarize the main features and updates of each chapter of the inaugural WHO Classification of Pediatric Tumors, including its rapid transition from a mostly microscopic into a molecularly driven classification systematically taking recent discoveries in pediatric tumor genomics into account.
Preoperative Computed Tomography Angiography Reveals Leaflet-Specific Calcification and Excursion Patterns in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Chen Ian Y. , Vedula Vijay , Malik Sachin B. , Liang Tie , Chang Andrew Y. , Chung Kieran S. , Sayed Nazish , Tsao Philip S. , Giacomini John C. , Marsden Alison L. , Wu Joseph C. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Computed tomography–based evaluation of aortic stenosis (AS) by calcium scoring does not consider interleaflet differences in leaflet characteristics. Here, we sought to examine the functional implications of these differences.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the computed tomography angiograms of 200 male patients with degenerative calcific AS undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement and 20 male patients with normal aortic valves. We compared the computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived aortic valve leaflet calcification load (AVLC
CTA
), appearance, and systolic leaflet excursion (LE
sys
) of individual leaflets. We performed computer simulations of normal valves to investigate how interleaflet differences in LE
sys
affect aortic valve area. We used linear regression to identify predictors of leaflet-specific calcification in patients with AS.

Results:

In patients with AS, the noncoronary cusp (NCC) carried the greatest AVLC
CTA
(365.9 [237.3–595.4] Agatston unit), compared to the left coronary cusp (LCC, 278.5 [169.2–478.8] Agatston unit) and the right coronary cusp (RCC, 240.6 [137.3–439.0] Agatston unit; both
P
<0.001). However, LCC conferred the least LE
sys
(42.8° [38.8°–49.0°]) compared to NCC (44.8° [41.1°–49.78°],
P
=0.001) and RCC (47.7° [42.0°–52.3°],
P
<0.001) and was more often characterized as predominantly thickened (23.5%) compared to NCC (12.5%) and RCC (16.5%). Computer simulations of normal valves revealed greater reductions in aortic valve area following closures of NCC (−32.2 [−38.4 to −25.8]%) and RCC (−35.7 [−40.2 to −32.9]%) than LCC (−24.5 [−28.5 to −18.3]%; both
P
<0.001). By linear regression, the AVLC
CTA
of NCC and RCC, but not LCC, predicted LE
sys
(both
P
<0.001) in patients with AS. Both ostial occlusion and ostial height of the right coronary artery predicted AVLC
CTA, RCC
(
P
=0.005 and
P
=0.001).

Conclusions:

In male patients, the AVLC
CTA
of NCC and RCC contribute more to AS than that of LCC. LCC’s propensity for noncalcific leaflet thickening and worse LE
sys
, however, should not be underestimated when using calcium scores to assess AS severity.
Back to the Iron Age Chronology in Southern Central Asia
Authors: Lyonnet Bertille , Fontugne Michel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article reconsiders two major sites of the 1st millennium BC in southern Uzbekistan, Kyzyltepa and Kurganzol. It contests their recent dating – exclusively the Achaemenid and transitional Hellenistic period for the first one, and the end of the 4th c. BC for the second one – mainly based upon dendrochronological analyses relating the samples to the time of Alexander the Great’s conquest or slightly before, and ruling out the other dates given to these sites in previous publications. Our argumentation is based upon (1) various archaeological arguments and (2) scientific criteria that question the dendrochronological data and the supposed aging of the 14C results due to “old waters” from glaciers.
Displacement of Manuscripts, Printing Revolution and Rediscovering Islamic Classics
Authors: Din Mehraj 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Taking as the starting point, Ahmed El-Shamsy’s new book Rediscovering the Islamic Classics is a comprehensive introduction to trace the historical trajectory of Islamic intellectual legacy. In this engaging yet pleasantly thought-out book El Shamsy intends to offer a fresh conversation on the massive loss of manuscripts, role of colonialism and its role in strengthening the Orientalist enterprise in Muslim World including the drain of manuscripts into Europe. Bringing to light the agents and events of the Islamic print revolution, this work is also an absorbing examination of the central role printing and its advocates played in the intellectual history of the modern Arab world. This review essay offers a contextual perspective and a detailed rationale behind the loss of manuscripts and unpacks some of the important debates behind the decline and restoration of Islam’s intellectual legacy.
Discourse on Pedagogy between Academy and the Public
Authors: du Plessis Amanda L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This theoretical paper reviews the current theory about curriculum transformation and renewal in higher education in Africa and, in particular, South Africa. Although the findings are applicable to different universities, the pedagogical approach of North-West University will be the focus. The aim is to understand curriculum responsiveness pertaining to decolonisation and sustainable development that can align with the African Union’s proposed Agenda 2063. The epistemology is from a practical public theological paradigm. A single-system research method has been followed to integrate current research about tertiary education curriculum transformation with the latest practice theory. Three different aspects are explored, namely how Agenda 2063 is applicable to higher education in a post-colonial context, the fibre of human relations based on Nagy’s contextual theory, and the curriculum as a powerful tool for change. The paper concludes that lecturers and students can join forces in growing towards the Africa they want by active experiential student-centred pedagogy.
Juggling Several Balls at Once
Authors: Mueller Grace , Diehl Paul F. , Druckman Daniel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Peacekeeping during the Cold War was primarily, and in some cases exclusively, charged with monitoring cease-fires. This changed significantly, as peace operations evolved to include other missions (e.g., rule of law, election supervision), many under the rubric of peacebuilding. What is lacking is consideration of how the different missions affect one another, simultaneously and in sequences. This study addresses that gap by looking at the interconnectedness of missions and their success in the UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC), which was mandated to perform eight different missions over a decade. The article examines success or failure in each of those missions and how they relate to one another guided by theoretical logics based on the “security first” hypothesis and mission compatibility expectations. Early failure to stem the violence had negative downstream consequences for later peacebuilding missions. Nevertheless, MONUC’s election supervision mission was successful.
Special Safeguard Mechanism for Agriculture: Implications for Developing Members at the World Trade Organization
Authors: Das Abhijit , Sharma Sachin Kumar , Akhter Raihan , Lahiri Teesta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With rising levels of food and livelihood insecurity among poor farmers, many developing members at the World Trade Organization (WTO) are demanding a special safeguard mechanism (SSM) for shielding their agriculture from import surges and price declines. Similar to special agricultural safeguards (SSGs) which are available only to some members, SSM seeks to provide flexibility to developing members to breach the bound tariff in special cases of import surges and price dips. In this context, this study identifies the agricultural products facing import surges in eight selected developing members. The study evaluates the policy space available to selected members in terms of tariff overhang under their existing schedules as well as proposed tariff reductions under agriculture negotiations. Besides this, it critically scrutinizes various issues such as cross-check conditions, triggers and remedies in order to highlight the sensitivities of developing members in accessibility, effectiveness, and other technical aspects of SSM.
COVID-19, International Human Rights Law and the State-Corporate Complex
Authors: Ford Jolyon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Data-driven technologies (such as mobile phone-based tracing apps) have been at the forefront of public health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we have also seen high-level expressions of concern about how state actions ostensibly in pursuit of public health goals have in fact greatly accelerated existing human rights concerns about newer technologies, especially increased state and corporate surveillance. This article explores issues at the nexus of COVID-19 public health responses, civil-political rights under international human rights law, and the responsible governance of data-driven technologies. In particular, it offers a framework to evaluate the human rights compatibility of tech-assisted COVID-related state measures. The articles also explore analogies between COVID-related measures and post-2001 counter-terrorism actions taken by states in the name of public security. It cautions against exceptional measures becoming hardwired in ways that may unreasonably impact on pre-COVID freedoms. The article argues that the blurring of state and corporate surveillance and data-gathering and the often symbiotic relationship between tech firms and governments (the ‘state-corporate complex’) complicate efforts to assert clear frames of responsibility.