bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Situation analysis of energy use and consumption in Cambodia: household access to energy
Authors: Mika Korkeakoski , Minna Mentula , Noora Vähäkari , Jyrki Luukkanen , Jari Kaivo-oja , Anna Alexeeva , Eliyan Chea , Dany Va , Maarit Kallio , Nicholas Hogarth 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse the current situation of access to energy (in relation to SDG 7) and energy usage behaviour in households in two provinces in Cambodia, namely Pursat and Kampong Cham. The analytical framework is based on the energy ladder model and the energy stacking model as a starting point for assessing the current household energy profiles. A quantitative survey carried out in late 2015 in 970 households revealed differences in access to electricity between urban, electrified rural, and non-electrified rural districts. In urban areas, households are using multiple (3–4) energy sources compared to rural areas (2–3). The use of electricity through batteries in the non-electrified rural areas remains notable (43%) despite no access to the national grid. The dependence on traditional biomass, especially firewood, remains high (91% of all respondents) for all the sampled households, especially so in rural non-electrified households. The study confirms that households’ energy mix is composed of various energy sources, even when modern energy sources are available as opposed to complete fuel switch. The results also show that electricity use does not automatically lead to increased household income, but is much more complex process than discussed in existing research. The article further discusses the possible causes behind the phenomenon, proposes recommendations for better-informed energy policy, and provides important insights towards sustainable energy transition in Cambodia in the future.
Quasi-Psychologism about Collective Intention
Authors: Rachar Matthew 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper argues that a class of popular views of collective intention, which I call “quasi-psychologism”, faces a problem explaining common intuitions about collective action. Views in this class hold that collective intentions are realized in or constituted by individual, mental, participatory intentions. I argue that this metaphysical commitment entails persistence conditions that are in tension with a purported obligation to notify co-actors before leaving a collective action attested to by participants in experimental research about the interpersonal normativity of collective action. I then explore the possibilities open to quasi-psychologists for responding to this research.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Piccialli Francesco , di Cola Vincenzo Schiano , Giampaolo Fabio , Cuomo Salvatore 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe first few months of 2020 have profoundly changed the way we live our lives and carry out our daily activities. Although the widespread use of futuristic robotaxis and self-driving commercial vehicles has not yet become a reality, the COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically accelerated the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in different fields. We have witnessed the equivalent of two years of digital transformation compressed into just a few months. Whether it is in tracing epidemiological peaks or in transacting contactless payments, the impact of these developments has been almost immediate, and a window has opened up on what is to come. Here we analyze and discuss how AI can support us in facing the ongoing pandemic. Despite the numerous and undeniable contributions of AI, clinical trials and human skills are still required. Even if different strategies have been developed in different states worldwide, the fight against the pandemic seems to have found everywhere a valuable ally in AI, a global and open-source tool capable of providing assistance in this health emergency. A careful AI application would enable us to operate within this complex scenario involving healthcare, society and research.
A sensitivity interpolation algorithm for the concurrent optimization of bodies sharing a common design space
Authors: Previati Giorgio , Gobbi Massimiliano , Ballo Federico 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper the problem of the concurrent topological optimization of two different bodies sharing a region of the design space is dealt with. This design problem focuses on the simultaneous optimization of two bodies (components) where not only the material distribution of each body has to be optimized but also the design space has to be divided among the two bodies. This novel optimization formulation represents a design problem in which more than one component have to be located inside a limited allowable room. Each component has its own function and load carrying requirements. In the paper a novel development solution algorithm is presented. With respect to previously published papers, the new algorithm comprises an interpolation of the density fields which allows a complete independence of the meshes of the two bodies. As the bodies can be meshed with any arbitrary mesh, this new algorithm can be applied to any real geometry. The developed algorithm is used to design a complex three dimensional system, namely a multi-component arm for a tube bending machine.
What happens when a journal converts to open access? A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Momeni Fakhri , Mayr Philipp , Fraser Nicholas , Peters Isabella 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn recent years, increased stakeholder pressure to transition research to Open Access has led to many journals converting, or ‘flipping’, from a closed access (CA) to an open access (OA) publishing model. Changing the publishing model can influence the decision of authors to submit their papers to a journal, and increased article accessibility may influence citation behaviour. In this paper we aimed to understand how flipping a journal to an OA model influences the journal’s future publication volumes and citation impact. We analysed two independent sets of journals that had flipped to an OA model, one from the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and one from the Open Access Directory (OAD), and compared their development with two respective control groups of similar journals. For bibliometric analyses, journals were matched to the Scopus database. We assessed changes in the number of articles published over time, as well as two citation metrics at the journal and article level: the normalised impact factor (IF) and the average relative citations (ARC), respectively. Our results show that overall, journals that flipped to an OA model increased their publication output compared to journals that remained closed. Mean normalised IF and ARC also generally increased following the flip to an OA model, at a greater rate than was observed in the control groups. However, the changes appear to vary largely by scientific discipline. Overall, these results indicate that flipping to an OA publishing model can bring positive changes to a journal.
Oncological outcomes of high-grade T1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treatment in octogenarians
Authors: Ślusarczyk Aleksander , Garbas Karolina , Zapała Piotr , Zapała Łukasz , Radziszewski Piotr 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the outcomes of high-grade T1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treatment (NMIBC) in elderly patients over 80 years of age.

Methods
This is a retrospective single tertiary-centre study. Medical records of patients with T1 high-grade NMIBC treated with transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT) were reviewed. Among 269 patients with high-grade T1 NMIBC, 74 individuals were over 80 years of age at the time of surgery. Finally, 67 patients met the inclusion criteria.

Results
Only 47.8% of patients (N = 32) received at least five of the six instillations of the BCG immunotherapy induction course. Oncological outcomes were compared between patients who received at least the induction course of BCG and non-BCG-treated patients matched to each other based on age and Charlson comorbidity index. Thirty case–control pairs were included in the final analysis. Rates of disease recurrence (80% vs. 53%) and cancer-specific mortality (40% vs. 10%) were significantly higher in the group of patients who did not receive BCG. BCG therapy, Charlson comorbidity index, haemoglobin concentration and the number of tumours > 3 in TURBT constituted independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Conclusion
BCG should be strongly recommended to patients with T1HG NMIBC despite advanced age and comorbidities. Already BCG induction improves CSS and reduces the recurrence rate in octogenarians with T1HG bladder cancer.
Navigating the factor zoo around the world: an institutional investor perspective
Authors: Bartram Söhnke M. , Lohre Harald , Pope Peter F. , Ranganathan Ananthalakshmi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe literature on cross-sectional stock return predictability has documented over 450 factors. We take the perspective of an institutional investor and navigate this zoo of factors by focusing on the evidence relevant to the practicalities of factor-based investment strategies. Establishing a sound theoretical rationale is key to identifying “true” factors, and we emphasize the need to recognize data-mining concerns that may cast doubt on the relevance of many factors. From a practical investment perspective, much of the factor evidence documented by academics may be more apparent than real. The performance of many factors is dependent on the inclusion of small- and micro-cap stocks in academic studies, although such stocks would likely be excluded from the real investment universe due to illiquidity and transaction costs. Nevertheless, a parsimonious set of factors emerges in equities and other asset classes, including currencies, fixed income, and commodities. These factors can serve as meaningful ingredients to factor-based portfolio construction.
Revitalising Pedrick’s Approach to Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Szafraniec Franciszek Hugon 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis short note has to make alive the overlooked work of Pedrick. It is rather a tour guide than exhausted examination of the content and intends to serve potential explorers of diverse kinds of reproducing kernel (Hilbert) spaces, the topic mushrooming nowadays.
Concentrations, health risks, and sources of hazardous air pollutants in Seoul-Incheon, a megacity area in Korea
Authors: Kim Min-Ji , Baek Kyung-Min , Heo Jong-Bae , Cheong Jang-Pyo , Baek Sung-Ok 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe conducted ambient monitoring of various hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for 2 years (2013-2015) in two adjacent Korean cities in a megacity area: Seoul and Incheon. Measured HAPs included volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heavy metals (HMs). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the spatiotemporal variations of HAPs, to prioritize HAPs based on health risks, to identify sources using a receptor-based model, and to estimate source-specific risks. Overall, the HAP levels in Incheon were higher than those in Seoul. The concentrations of combustion-origin HAPs, such as PAHs and some HMs, were significantly higher during the heating period than during the non-heating period. However, most VOCs exhibited an opposite trend. Benzo[a]pyrene showed the highest cancer risk in both cities, followed by formaldehyde, arsenic, and benzene; trichloroethylene was the only species that exceeded the hazard quotient of 1. Cumulative cancer risks were 2.0 × 10-4 in Seoul and 2.7 × 10-4 in Incheon. Major sources and their contributions to each HAP concentration were estimated by positive matrix factorization modeling. Based on source-specific risk assessments, we suggest that both cities should give high priority to the control of traffic pollution and the supply of cleaner fuels in non-residential sectors. Reducing carbonyl concentrations in Seoul and industrial emissions in Incheon is also necessary. Establishing new ambient standards for benzo[a]pyrene and formaldehyde is worth considering as a long-term measure. This study provides scientific information on the occurrence, health risks, and sources of various HAPs in large urban areas.
Using tripartite group area as a measure of social interactions in pre-school children: A pilot study
Authors: Tsukamoto Masashi , Tsuji Airi , Sekine Satoru , Omori Takahide , Suzuki Kenji , Yamamoto Junichi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to measure tripartite group area using motion capture systems and investigated whether group area could be used as a measure of pre-school children’s social interactions. In Experiment 1, two typically developing girls and an adult staff member engaged in free play. In Experiment 2, two typically developing boys and two adult staff members played balloon volleyball. Both experiments had three types of measures: subjective evaluation of whether participants played together, social behaviours (e.g. eye contact for Experiment 1 and balloon tosses for Experiment 2) and group area. Results showed that group area was significantly and negatively related to subjective evaluation in Experiment 2, whereas we observed no relationship between subjective evaluation and group area in Experiment 1. Overall, however, only a low correlation was observed between subjective evaluation and group area in Experiment 2. Furthermore, there were strong sequential associations between subjective evaluation and social behaviour, rather than between subjective evaluation and group area. Although group area as an index of social interactions is less accurate than behavioural data directly observed by humans, it may be worth using as a low-cost preliminary measure, since it can be automatically calculated using motion capture systems.
Corrosion resistance of non-stoichiometric gadolinium zirconate fabricated by laser-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zhang Chengguan , Fan Yun , Zhao Juanli , Yang Guang , Chen Hongfei , Zhang Liangmiao , Gao Yanfeng , Liu Bin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGadolinium zirconate (GZ) is a promising candidate for next-generation thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials. Its corrosion resistance against calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate (CMAS) needs to be further increased for enhancing its in-service life. As the Gd element plays an important role in the CMAS resistance, three GZ coatings (GZ-0.75, GZ-1.0, and GZ-1.2) with different Gd/Zr atomic ratios are designed and deposited by laser enhanced chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) in this work. It is found that the generated Gd-apatite in GZ-1.2 would block micro-cracks inside the column structure and the inter-columnar gap more efficiently. Thus, the CMAS penetration rate (5.2 μm/h) of GZ-1.2 decreases over 27% comparing with GZ-1.0 and GZ-0.75, which is even lower than the Gd2Zr2O7coatings fabricated by electron-beam physical vapor depositions (EB-PVDs). This work provides a feasible way to adjust the coating’s corrosion resistance and may guide the development of future coating for long in-service life.
Incidence and distribution of Sweetpotato viruses and their implication on sweetpotato seed system in Malawi
Authors: Mbewe Willard , Mtonga Andrew , Chiipanthenga Margret , Masamba Kennedy , Chitedze Gloria , Pamkomera Pilirani , Gondwe Ellen , Mwenye Obed , Chipungu Felistus 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA survey was carried out in 19 districts to investigate the prevalence and distribution of sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD) and its implication on the sustainability of clean seed system in Malawi. A total of 166 leaf samples were collected and tested for the presence of 8 viruses using nitrocellulose membrane enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NCM-ELISA). SPVD foliar symptoms were observed in 68.42% of the surveyed districts. There were significant variations in disease incidence and severity (p < 0.001) among districts, with the highest incidence in Mulanje (28.34%). Average SPVD severity score was 3.05. NCM-ELISA detected sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV, 30.54%), sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPMMV, 31.14%), sweet potato mild speckling virus (SPMSV, 16.17%), sweet potato C-6 virus (SPC6V, 13.77%), sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV, 22.16%), sweet potato collusive virus (SPCV, 30.54%), sweet potato virus G (SPVG, 11.38%), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, 7.78%) either in single or mixed infections. Data from this study indicate a significant SPVD occurrence in the country, and the consequence implications towards national sweetpotato seed system.
Numerical study of the effect of geometric arrangement of the truss on the response modification factor of the special truss moment frame (STMF)
Authors: Sadeghpour M. , Kalatjari V. R. , Pahlavan H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the geometric arrangement of the trusses on the response modification factor of the special truss moment frame. For this purpose, six different geometric arrangements for the three types of trusses (Vierendeel, multiple Vierendeel panels, and X-diagonals) were considered. The results were obtained based on non-linear static analysis of two- and three-span frames for 4- and 8-story structures with the given geometric arrangements. According to the results obtained, different truss arrangements can affect the response modification factor by about 4 to 10%. Additionally, using multiple Vierendeel panels and the X-diagonals can increase the response modification factor by 1.06 and 1.74 times, respectively.Article HighlightsDifferent truss arrangements do not have a significant effect on the coefficient of behavior.The addition of several Vierendeel panels does not have much effect on the behavior of these structures.Adding cross diameters almost doubles the coefficient of behavior and significantly improves the performance of the structure.
The Revival of Buddhist Nationalism in Thailand and Its Adverse Impact on Religious Freedom
Authors: Tonsakulrungruang Khemthong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTriggered by the sense of crisis, the Thai state and Thai Buddhism are renewing their traditional relationship kindled by the monarch-led reform over a century ago. Thai Buddhism is reviving its lost aura and hegemony while the political conservatives are looking for legitimacy and collective identity in a time of democratic regression. The result is the rise of the Buddhist-nationalistic movement, Buddhist-as-Thainess notion. The phenomenon has grown more mainstream in recent years. These extreme Buddhists pressure the government to adopt a new constitutional relationship that brings the two entities closer to a full establishment. They also target both religious minorities as well as non-mainstream Buddhists. The revival of Buddhist nationalism foretells rising tension as well as diminishing religious freedom.
CELLULAR AUTOMATA OVER ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES
Authors: CASTILLO-RAMIREZ ALONSO , MATA-GUTIÉRREZ O. , ZALDIVAR-CORICHI ANGEL 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLet G be a group and A a set equipped with a collection of finitary operations. We study cellular automata
$$\tau :{A^G} \to {A^G}$$
that preserve the operations AG of induced componentwise from the operations of A. We show τ that is an endomorphism of AG if and only if its local function is a homomorphism. When A is entropic (i.e. all finitary operations are homomorphisms), we establish that the set EndCA(G;A), consisting of all such endomorphic cellular automata, is isomorphic to the direct limit of Hom(AS, A), where S runs among all finite subsets of G. In particular, when A is an R-module, we show that EndCA(G;A) is isomorphic to the group algebra
$${\rm{End}}(A)[G]$$
. Moreover, when A is a finite Boolean algebra, we establish that the number of endomorphic cellular automata over AG admitting a memory set S is precisely
$${(k|S|)^k}$$
, where k is the number of atoms of A.
Beyond willpower
Authors: Gross James J. , Duckworth Angela L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For all its popularity as a psychological construct, willpower is irremediably polysemous. A more helpful construct is self-control, defined as the self-regulation of conflicting impulses. We show how the process model of self-control provides a principled framework for examining how undesirable impulses may be weakened and desirable impulses may be strengthened.
Willpower is a form of, but not synonymous with, self-control
Authors: Kristal Ariella , Zlatev Julian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We build on Ainslie's discussion of willpower by highlighting another common misconception in the literature: the conflation of self-control and willpower. In our commentary, we identify this issue and discuss the importance of recognizing willpower not as synonymous with self-control, but rather as a subset of self-control. We describe a set of upstream strategies as more effective alternatives to willpower.
Pleas for patience from the cumulative future self
Authors: Maglio Sam J. , Hershfield Hal E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCurrent selves wield all the power in intertemporal tradeoffs. Although one set of future selves will make similar tradeoffs in the future, another self – who we term the cumulative future self – falls on the receiving end of those dictated decisions. How current selves commune with the cumulative future self determines whether the former heed pleas, from the latter, for patience.
The cost of metastatic prostate cancer using time-driven activity-based costing
Authors: Vargas Alves Rafael J. , Beck da Silva Etges Ana P. , Tiscoski Katsuki Arima , de Lara Luciana Rodrigues , de Medeiros Zelmanowicz Alice , Polanczyk Carisi Anne 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective
To estimate the cost of metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) treatment using the time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) method from the perspective of a philanthropic hospital in the Brazilian public health system (PHS) and to identify determinants of costs.

Methods
We used data from patients who received docetaxel chemotherapy in the Brazilian PHS from September 2012 to May 2017. Direct medical costs were estimated with the TDABC microcosting method, taking into account the multiple departments and services the patients interacted with during their oncological treatment.

Results
The median overall survival of the forty-three patient sample was 1.8 years (95% CI 1.45–2.30), and the total cost of the sample was BRL 917.005 (USD 250,878). The median monthly cost per patient was BRL 20.201 (USD 5,526). The end-of-life cost per patient using the TDABC method was BRL 5.151 (USD 1,409). Patients who had received previous treatment at the center registered the lowest cost for hospitalizations and exams, suggesting an opportunity to better manage healthcare resources.

Conclusions
This is the first study on the economic burden of mPC in the Brazilian PHS using the TDABC costing evaluation method. Accurate cost information obtained with the TDABC can be helpful in guiding disease management to guarantee better use of ever-scarcer resources.