bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our initial experience in supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Chandra Vipin , Bharti Vishrut , Tiwari Rajesh , Kumar Vijoy , Ahmad Ahsan , Upadhyay Rohit , Mahmood Khalid , Ranjan Nikhil 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a routine procedure for removal of kidney stones. We are doing this procedure in a prone position due to traditional training, but now, we have started doing PCNL in supine position also in IGIMS, Patna. Supine position is used when there is anesthesia-related contraindication for prone position, access to the ureter and pelvicalyceal system (PCS) is needed simultaneously, and in patients where only lower or middle calyceal puncture is needed to clear the stone.

Materials and Methods:
We have selected five patients with different stone characters to start with. All patients had undergone standard evaluation before the procedure. Standard consent for doing PCNL was obtained. We have used the usual instruments as used in routine prone PCNL cases. Use of nephrostomy tube (NT) or double-J (DJ) stent was decided at the end of the procedure depending on bleeding, residual fragments, injury to PCS, and extravasation of fluid. NT was removed after 48 h if given and DJ stents were removed after 4 weeks.

Results:
Three patients were male and two were female, aged 22–55 years. The body mass index range was 19.6–24.6. Stone clearance was achieved to 100% extent in every case as seen on post fluoroscopic image. All procedures were uneventful. One patient had both ureteric stone and renal stone and we did ureteroscopy (URS) and PCNL simultaneously to clear the stone. In one case of upper ureteric stone, we started with ureteroscopic lithotripsy but after retropulsion stone migrated to PCS, then in the same position, we did PCNL to clear that stone.

Conclusion:
PCNL is a standard procedure for renal stone using either supine or prone position. We should be accustomed to do PCNL in supine also and can utilize this position for doing PCNL. This practice will be extremely useful in patients who cannot be operated in prone position at all due to anesthesia region, due to spinal/bony deformity, or where both URS and PCNL are needed simultaneously.
Relation of glycated hemoglobin with nerve conduction study and proprioception in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Khah Josni , Kumar Tarun , Sharan Ashok , Kumar Ashok 
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Association of elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and nerve function is known, but its relationship with proprioception is still unknown. This study was conducted to find the correlation of HbA1c with nerve conduction study (NCS) and proprioception in T2DM patients.

Materials and Methods:
88 patients of T2DM of <5 years duration, between the age group 30 and 60 years, participated in the study. NCS of tibial motor, peroneal motor, and sural sensory nerves was done. Proprioception was assessed by testing the absolute error scores of knee joint position sense (JPS) with a digital inclinometer. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relation of HbA1c with NCS parameters and the knee JPS errors.

Results:
HbA1c showed a positive correlation with distal latency and a negative correlation with amplitude and conduction velocity. JPS errors showed a moderate positive correlation with HbA1c.

Conclusion:
HbA1c values have a significant relation with the development of peripheral neuropathy in T2DM patients. This effect was observed on both nerve conduction studies as well as on proprioception test.
Correlation of postoperative pain in vital versus nonvital teeth
Authors: Issar Rashmi , Ranjan Shashi , Singh Priyankar , Lakiang Deirimika , Kole Ravindra 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
The success of root canal treatment is now above 97%. Today keeping pace with this rapidly evolving field in dentistry now single visit endodontics has become more of a compulsion rather than an option. However, to embrace this change, a scientific rationale along with clinician's and patient's acceptance is mandatory. The present study compares the postoperative pain in endodontically treated teeth in vital versus nonvital teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty patients between the age 16 and 60 years requiring root canal treatment of maxillary and mandibular single rooted teeth were selected. After access opening under rubber dam based on bleeding or absence of bleeding from the canals, three groups were divided Group I – 20 teeth were grouped as vital which showed bleeding from the canal, Group II – 20 teeth were grouped as nonvital which showed no bleeding from the canal but absence of periapical radiolucency, and Group III – 20 teeth were grouped as nonvital with periapical radiolucency. Single-visit endodontic was completed for all the teeth. Patients were asked to report about pain intensity on 1st day, 2nd day, 1st week, and 2nd week based on the scores from 0 to 3 with increasing intensity. The values were recorded and subjected to Pearson Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test.

Results:
Out of 60 patients, eight patients had dropped out and 52 patients reported after 2nd week. Incidence of pain was calculated for each group at the end of 1st day, 2nd day, 1st week, and 2nd week using Chi-square test. Intragroup and intergroup comparison was carried out, and it was found to be statistically insignificant (P > 0.01).

Conclusion:
The results of the present study favor single-visit endodontics in vital, nonvital teeth with and without periapical radiolucency. There was no significant difference in postendodontic pain in any of the groups which suggest that single-visit endodontics with stringent clinical protocol can be used in most of the teeth needing endodontic intervention.
Volumetric-modulated arc therapy versus intensity-modulated radiotherapy on the left-sided chest wall and locoregional nodes irradiation in treating postmastectomy breast cancer patients
Authors: Zope Mukesh Kumar , Patil Deepali Bhaskar , Fatima Umra , Sinha Satyendra , Mandal Abhijeet , Keshri Shekhar Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
This study was aimed to compare the suitable treatment plan for left-sided chest wall, regional node irradiation by the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Materials and Methods:
Fifteen patients' computed tomography data set was import into the treatment planning system (Oncentra). Two plans were generated for each patient, the first one using the VMAT technique with two partial arcs and the second one using the IMRT technique with seven coplaner radiation portals using 3D Oncentra TPS with 6 MV photons, step and shoot treatment delivery technique with 80 leaf multileaf collimator, and 1 cm leaf width at the isocenter. The VMAT plans optimized using the collapsed cone (GPU) algorithm and IMRT plans optimized using a collapsed cone algorithm. A hypofractionated prescription dose of 40 Gy/15# was used. The VMAT and IMRT plans compared for Planning Target Volume (PTV) target coverage, homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), and monitor units (MUs) were evaluated. The Organ At Risk (OAR) doses also compared.

Results:
A comparable PTV coverage (V95%) and mean PTV doses were observed between VMAT and IMRT plans. The PTV maximum dose was higher within IMRT than the VMAT. We observed a better HI for VMAT plans. For conformity index (CI) both plan showed no significant difference. MU values of VMAT are higher than the IMRT treatment in this study. However, VMAT plans show significantly better right lung, heart, and larynx sparing when compared to the IMRT plans. No significant difference was observed in both groups of plan for the right breast and spinal cord. The maximum dose for the left humerus head was compared for both groups of plans.

Conclusions:
VMAT is dosimetrically superior to the IMRT for irradiation of left-sided chest wall and regional nodes patients in terms of target coverage and OAR sparing.
Effect of Solution Aggressiveness on the Crack Growth Resistance and Cracking Mechanism of AA2024-T3
Authors: Charalampidou Christina Margarita , Pretorius Christiaan C.E. , Mostert Roelf J. , Alexopoulos Nikolaos D. 
Published: June 2021

Aluminum alloy 2024-T3 was examined using a range of microscopy techniques at the early stages of corrosion attack to investigate the corrosion-induced cracking mechanism. Two different corrosive environments—exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) and 3.5 wt% NaCl—were used for the exposure of tensile and prenotched compact-tension C(T) specimens of AA2024-T3. Different embrittlement mechanisms are noticed for the two investigated corrosive environments. Significant intergranular corrosion (IGC) and grain boundary embrittlement are evident in the specimens exposed to EXCO solution, whilethis was not the case for the milder solution comprising of 3.5 wt% NaCl. With regard to the milder solution, the corrosion attack is not only restricted to the grain boundary, but evolves transgranularly to the neighboring grains of the IGC attacked region and, consequently, the grain boundary strength in the direct vicinity is not notably affected. The extent of secondary cracks, after the exposure of C(T) specimens to EXCO solution and the subsequent crack-growth resistance evaluation, were found to correlate with the diameter of the plastically affected zone (≈3.78±0.04 mm). Additionally, the depth of these cracks was found to correlate well with the thickness of the intergranular fracture surface, giving evidence that the secondary cracks form due to grain boundary embrittlement; probably attributed to hydrogen embrittlement phenomena.
Model Program Khutbah Jumat Di Masjid Al-Ikhlash Surabaya: Perspektif Manajemen Operasi
Authors: Saleh Isa , Dzikrulloh Muhammad Ahnaf , Muiz Ahmad Habibul 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThis research is intended to describe the program management sermon Friday at the Al-Ikhlash mosque, Tanjung Perak in Surabaya in Ecstasy. The goal in this study was describe the idea in search management program comes in Mosque Al-Ikhlash Tanjung Perak Surabaya in Ecstasy, described the selection process khatib, describes the design introduction, describes the implementation of the trial and described the shape of the design eventually. This study uses qualitative methods with the descriptive approach. This research uses data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Program management ' preaching Friday at Mosque Al-Ikhlash of Tanjung Perak Surabaya Aware include: the Groove, the duration of the sermon, the criteria of khatib, theme, schedule khatib, SOP appearance khatib and infrastructure repair facility that supports the sermon Friday. Advice for all administrators that are in Al-Ikhlash mosque in Surabaya, to always provide service properly to the jama'ah, through the care facilities in Mosque Al-Ikhlash, choose a quality khatib-khatib, to performing at home and feel comfortable when the worship in the Mosque of Al-Ikhlash.Â ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menggambarkan manajemen program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Al-IkhlashÂ Tanjung Sadari Perak Surabaya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan pencarian gagasan dalam manajemen program khutbah di Masjid Al-Ikhlash Tanjung Sadari Perak Surabaya, menggambarkan proses seleksi khatib, menggambarkan design pendahuluan, menggambarkan pelaksanaan uji coba dan menggambarkan bentuk design akhirnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Manajemen Program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Al-Ikhlash Tanjung Sadari Perak Surabaya meliputi: alur, durasi khutbah, kriteria khatib, tema, jadwal khatib, SOP penampilan khatib dan sarana prasana yang mendukung khutbah Jumâ€™at. Saran bagi segenap pengurus yang ada di Masjid Al-Ikhlash Surabaya, agar selalu memberikan pelayanan dengan baik kepada para jamaâ€™ah, melalui perawatan fasilitas yang ada di Masjid Al-Ikhlash, memilih khatib-khatib yang berkualitas, agar jamaâ€™ah betah dan merasa nyaman ketika beribadah di Masjid Al-Ikhlash.
Pengelolaan Program Muallaf Pada Masjid Cheng Ho Di Surabaya
Authors: Wibowo Hari Santoso , Abdillah Auliya , Musyanto Herma 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTMuhammad Cheng Ho Mosque or commonly known as the Cheng Ho Mosque is one of the mosques that provides facilities for converts to form a Muslim personality both in terms of morals and aqidah and understands other syar'i sciences. The purpose of this study is to describe the management steps of the conversion program at Cheng Ho Surabaya Mosque. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. This research uses observation, interview and documentation methods. The results of this research show that the management of the converts program at the Cheng Ho Mosque in Surabaya was formed because of the background situation and conditions of the converts, departing from the experiences of several asatidzah who were also converts before, then the idea emerged to create a program management and planning to provide quality quality. quality for mualla, so from here a Chinese community was built and the Cheng ho Surabaya Mosque and the PITI Surabaya institution participated in helping to formulate programs and guidance to Muallaf. With the vision and mission of wanting to make Cheng Ho Mosque as a learning satisfaction and center of worship as well as a place for converts to study Islam.ABSTRAKÂ Masjid Muhammad Cheng Ho atau biasa dikenal dengan nama Masjid Cheng Ho salah satu masjid yang menaungi untuk memberikan fasilitas bagi para muallaf dalam membentuk pribadi muslim yang baik dari segi akhlak dan aqidah serta paham dengan ilmu-ilmu syarâ€™i lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian iniÂ yaituÂ untukÂ mendeskripsikanÂ langkah manajemen program muallaf pada Masjid Cheng Ho Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui manajemen program muallaf di Masjid Cheng Ho Surabaya dibentuk karena adanya latar belakang situasi dan kondisi para muallaf, berangkat dari pengalaman beberapa paraÂ asatidzahÂ yangÂ juga notabenenya dahulu adalah muallaf, lalu muncullah ide untuk membuat sebuah manajemne program dan perencanaan dalam memberikan kualitas yang bermutuÂ bagi para mualla, maka dari sini lah dibangun sebuahÂ komunitasÂ TionghoaÂ danÂ Masjid Cheng ho Surabaya serta lembaga PITI Surabaya ikut serta dalam membantuÂ merumuskan program dan pembinaan kepada Muallaf. Dengan visi misi inginÂ menjadikan Masjid Cheng Ho sebagai puasat belajar dan pusat ibadah serta menjadi wadah untuk para muallaf dalam mempelajari agama Islam.
Manajemen Operasi Masjid : Eksplanatori Pada Program Khutbah Jumat Di Masjid Kemayoran Surabaya
Authors: Nugroho Adityo , Al-Faruqi Muhammad Izzudin , Musyanto Herma , Salim Agus 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe Al-Munawwir Dictionary provides a definition of a mosque as a place of worship for Muslims, seen in terms of the mosque's etymology derived from the word sajada-sujud-masjad / mosque, which means obedient, obedient, and submissive with respect. This study aims to provide an overview of the strategy and management of the Friday sermon production process at the Kemayoran Mosque in Surabaya as its object. The method used by researchers in this research is a case study with data collection procedures using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. So that researchers can explore the phenomenon of the object of research in detail and depth. The findings that occur in the field show results that are sharpened by descriptive descriptions of several categories of production. First, the process of determining the idea of the Friday sermon program at the Kemayoran Mosque. Second, for the selection mechanism for Friday sermon program at Kemayoran Mosque. Third, the Friday sermon design program at Kemayoran Mosque. Fourth, testing and evaluating the Friday sermon program at Kemayoran Mosque. Fifth, the final design of the Friday sermon program at the Kemayoran Mosque.ABSTRAKKamus Al-Munawwir memberikan definisi Masjid sebagai tempat beribadah umat Islam, dilihat dari segi etimologi masjid berasal dari kata sajada-sujud-masjad/masjid, yang berarti taat, patuh, dan tunduk dengan hormat. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai strategi dan manajemen proses produksi khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Kemayoran Surabaya sebagai objeknya.Â Metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini ialah studi kasus dengan prosedur pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara secara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sehingga peneliti dapat menggali fenomena pada objek penelitian secara rinci dan mendalam. Temuan yang terjadi di lapangan menunjukkan hasil yang dipertajam dengan uraian deskriptif mengenai beberapa kategori produksi khubah. Pertama,Â proses penentuan gagasanÂ program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Kemayoran. Kedua, untuk mekanisme Â seleksi program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Kemayoran. Ketiga, desain program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Kemayoran. Keempat, pengujian dan evaluasi program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Kemayoran. Kelima, desain akhir program khutbah Jumâ€™at di Masjid Kemayoran.Â
Fishing for a Few: Moravians on the Eighteenth-Century Pennsylvania Frontier
Authors: Gordon Scott Paul 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Moravian Church in America was a frontier church. Their authorities placed settlements in the backcountry so Moravians would not need to live alongside non-Moravians, and Moravian itinerants roamed the Pennsylvania frontier. These itinerants preached a kind of piety, a “heart religion,” similar to that offered by more familiar frontier denominations: Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians. Yet unlike these other frontier churches, the Moravian Church did not experience substantial growth on the American frontier. This lack of growth was deliberate. Moravian authorities expected congregations to remain small, populated only by the truly devout, and so prevented most hearers from becoming church members. They disdained the premier frontier religious practice, the large out-of-doors meetings or revival. While the small size of Moravian congregations was not a concern for eighteenth-century Moravian authorities, it has led historians to ignore the Moravian Church in studies of frontier religion.
Controlled auction in het Nederlandse rechtsbestel
Authors: Hoogeveen W. , Koster H. 
Published: June 2021

Controlled auction in het Nederlandse rechtsbestel De verhouding tussen de contractsvrijheid en de precontractuele fase
In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de controlled auction en de positie die de controlled auction heeft in het Nederlandse recht. Daarbij wordt de nadruk gelegd op de verhouding tussen de contractsvrijheid en de precontractuele fase. De auteurs stellen dat door middel van de procedurebrief en het multilaterale karakter van de controlled auction het gerechtvaardigd vertrouwen niet snel aan de orde zal zijn. De precontractuele redelijkheid en billijkheid gaan bovendien pas een prominente rol spelen bij de (uiteindelijke) bilaterale onderhandelingen. De koper in een controlled auction is niet onbeschermd. Uit de jurisprudentie volgt dat heldere communicatie over de procedure essentieel is voor de mogelijkheid om af te wijken van de op voorhand gestelde procedure. Vanuit een economisch perspectief blijkt in de praktijk het optimale aantal bieders bij de verkoop van een onderneming sterk casuïstisch te worden bepaald, wil de veiling maximaal waardegenererend zijn. Derhalve zijn de auteurs van mening dat gelijke informatieverschaffing en gestandaardiseerde regelgeving de effectiviteit van de controlled auction niet zullen bevorderen. De controlled auction krijgt daarmee in het huidige rechtsbestel een juiste behandeling.
Relationship between Body Mass Index and Flexibility in Young Adults
Authors: Gite Ashwini Akash , Mukkamala Neha , Parmar Lata 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Flexibility is important for general health and fitness, athletic performance, injury prevention and rehabilitation. Sedentary behavior of students leads to decreased physical fitness levels which affects flexibility. There is little evidence regarding relationship between BMI and flexibility.
Aim: To study the relationship between BMI and flexibility and BMI and physical activity in young adults.
Study Design: Observational study
Place and Duration Of Study: The study was carried out at College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara from September 2019 to March 2020.
Methods: Males and females between 18 to 30 years were included in the study. BMI, Sit and Reach Test for low back and hamstring flexibility, Active Knee Extension Test (AKET) for hamstrings and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) for physical activity levels were assessed.
Results: 570 participants with mean age of 20.23±2.07 years were included. Mean BMI was 21.83±4.81 kg/m2. Number of females were 462 and males were 108. There was no significant correlation between BMI and flexibility of low back (P=.247) and hamstring (Rt) (P=.668) (Lt) (P=.354). BMI and GPAQ showed a statistically significant association (P=0.02). There was a weak positive correlation which was statistically significant between GPAQ and SART (P =0.000) and a weak negative correlation which was statistically significant between GPAQ and Rt AKET (P=0.004).
Conclusion: There was no significant correlation found between BMI and flexibility. There was a statistically significant association between BMI and physical activity, a weak negative correlation between GPAQ and hamstring flexibility and weak positive correlation between GPAQ and SART.
Encapsulation Technologies of Plant Growth‐Promoting Microorganisms and Microbial Biological Control Agents Against Plant Pathogenic Organisms
Authors: Marcial‐Coba Martín S. , Soria‐Delgado Lucía , Yánez‐Altuna Jeniffer M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As a function of the global necessity to reduce or replace the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides, due to their toxicity, the formulation of microbial inoculants has been suggested as an environmentally friendly alternative for maintaining crop production at economically sustainable levels. In this connection, the microencapsulation of beneficial soil‐borne microorganisms is conceived as a strategy to improve the inoculant's efficiency, in terms of viability and functionality. In this article, we describe the most widely applied microencapsulation techniques, including the mechanisms and wall materials involved, as well as the advantages and shortcomings of using different encapsulation technologies. Moreover, the desiccation technologies used as a tool to extend the shelf‐life of immobilised microbes are also explained. Finally, the outcomes of various, relatively recent studies regarding the encapsulation of plant growth‐promoting microorganisms and biocontrol agents, including bacteriophages, are discussed. This article may contribute to the design of microbial inoculant delivery strategies, aiming to increase crop production and to reduce the utilisation of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.