bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student Ratings of Teaching Quality Dimensions: Empirical Findings and Future Directions
Authors: Göllner Richard , Fauth Benjamin , Wagner Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis chapter discusses current issues in research on the validity of student ratings of teaching quality. We first discuss the advantages and limitations of student ratings of teaching quality based on theoretical considerations regarding the teaching quality concept. Research reveals that the validity of student ratings differs depending on the aspect of teaching quality being rated (i.e., classroom management, cognitive activation, or student support). Extending this research, we propose that future studies on the validity of student ratings should take into account students’ cognitive processing while responding to survey items. We discuss three areas that seem promising for future research: the complexity and comprehensibility of survey items, the referent and addressee of items, and finally, the idiosyncratic nature of student ratings.
Functions and Success Conditions of Student Feedback in the Development of Teaching and Teachers
Authors: Wisniewski Benedikt , Zierer Klaus 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe term “student feedback” is often used synonymously with evaluation, assessment, or ratings of teaching, but can be conceptually delimitated from these concepts, distinguishing formative and summative aspects. Obtaining feedback is a core component of teachers’ professional development. It is the basis for critical self-reflection, a prerequisite of reducing discrepancies between one’s performance and set goals, a tool to identify blind spots, and a means of correcting false self-assessments. Student feedback opens up opportunities for teachers to improve on their teaching by comparing students’ perspectives on instructional quality to their own perspectives. Feedback can also help teachers to implement democratic principles, and experience self-efficacy. Conditions are discussed that need to be fulfilled for student feedback to be successful.
Annual movement strategy predicts within-season space use by moose
Authors: Borowik Tomasz , Kowalczyk Rafał , Maślanko Weronika , Duda Norbert , Ratkiewicz Mirosław 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe heterogeneity of resource availability shapes animal movements at different spatio-temporal scales. Given that movements at various scales are assumed to be linked, the space use of temperate ungulates within seasonal ranges (winter, summer) should be related to their movement patterns at the annual scale. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the level of stationarity of moose (Alces alces) within their seasonal ranges and to link annual movement patterns to within-season space use. We analysed the ranging behaviour of 32 moose fitted with GPS collars from two study areas in Eastern Poland, where at the annual scale a fraction of individuals migrate between summer and winter ranges (partial migration). Our results revealed that moose stationarity within seasonal home ranges expressed remarkable variation. The probability of moose stationarity within seasonal ranges was significantly higher (by 23%), and the mean home range size tended to be lower (9.7 km2) among individuals that seasonally migrated than among non-migratory moose (14.3 km2). In addition, we found that (i) in summer, moose were significantly more stationary (by 19%) and exhibited a smaller mean home range size than in winter (9.0 and 15.9 km2, respectively) and (ii) the mean seasonal home range size of males (19.6 km2) was remarkably greater than that of females (9.6 km2). Given the significant link between annual and seasonal scales of animal movements, any environmental change (e.g. climate warming) affecting an animal’s annual movement strategy could alter within-season animal space use and presumably individual fitness.Significance statementTo maximize their fitness, animals adjust their movements to deal with variations in resource distribution in the landscape. The scale of spatio-temporal variation causes different types of migratory behaviours, ranging from year-round stationarity to migration, when individuals establish spatially separated seasonal ranges. Studies on ungulates suggest that the stability and the size of seasonal home ranges can be linked to annual movement behaviour. Using the locations of GPS-tracked moose, we demonstrate in this study that migratory individuals were more prone to establishing stable seasonal home ranges (especially in summer) than moose that occupied the same area throughout the year. Moreover, stable seasonal home ranges were remarkably smaller in summer than in winter, which may suggest a season-specific spatial distribution and a renewability of moose forage. Our results show a clear link between different temporal scales of animal movements.
Autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID patients with and witfhout neurological symptoms: a prospective multidomain observational study
Authors: Buoite Stella Alex , Furlanis Giovanni , Frezza Nicolò Arjuna , Valentinotti Romina , Ajcevic Milos , Manganotti Paolo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe autonomic nervous system (ANS) can be affected by COVID-19, and dysautonomia may be a possible complication in post-COVID individuals. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) and postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) have been suggested to be common after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but other components of ANS function may be also impaired. The Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale 31 (COMPASS-31) questionnaire is a simple and validated tool to assess dysautonomic symptoms. The aim of the present study was to administer the COMPASS-31 questionnaire to a sample of post-COVID patients with and without neurological complaints. Participants were recruited among the post-COVID ambulatory services for follow-up evaluation between 4 weeks and 9 months from COVID-19 symptoms onset. Participants were asked to complete the COMPASS-31 questionnaire referring to the period after COVID-19 disease. Heart rate and blood pressure were manually taken during an active stand test for OH and POTS diagnosis. One-hundred and eighty participants were included in the analysis (70.6% females, 51 ± 13 years), and OH was found in 13.8% of the subjects. Median COMPASS-31 score was 17.6 (6.9–31.4), with the most affected domains being orthostatic intolerance, sudomotor, gastrointestinal and pupillomotor dysfunction. A higher COMPASS-31 score was found in those with neurological symptoms (p < 0.01), due to more severe orthostatic intolerance symptoms (p < 0.01), although gastrointestinal (p < 0.01), urinary (p < 0.01), and pupillomotor (p < 0.01) domains were more represented in the non-neurological symptoms group. This study confirms the importance of monitoring ANS symptoms as a possible complication of COVID-19 disease that may persist in the post-acute period.
Pupillometry as a measure of cognitive load in mental rotation tasks with abstract and embodied figures
Authors: Bauer Robert , Jost Leonardo , Günther Bianca , Jansen Petra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe investigated sex differences in behavioral performance and cognitive load in chronometric mental rotation tasks with abstract and embodied figures. Eighty participants (44 females and 36 males) completed 126 items, which included cube figures, body postures, and human figures, which were all comparable in shape and color. Reaction time, accuracy, and cognitive load, measured by changes in pupil dilation, were analyzed. As a function of angular disparity, participants showed shorter reaction times and higher accuracy rates for embodied stimuli than cube figures. Changes in pupil dilation showed a similar pattern, indicating that mental rotation of embodied figures caused less cognitive load to solve the task. No sex differences appeared in any of the measurements.
Experimental Study of Coal Sample Damage in Acidic Water Environments
Authors: Yao Qiangling , Tang Chuanjin , Xia Ze , Xu Qiang , Wang Weinan , Wang Xuanhui , Chong Zhaohui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe investigated the effects of acidic and circumneutral water on coal samples by uniaxial compression, acoustic emission, and a series of physical tests. In acidic water, the coal samples were damaged, and their ultrasonic velocities decreased, as minerals such as kaolinite and calcite underwent dissolution. When the pH was < 7, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus decreased, while the duration of the residual strength stage tended to increase. The reactions were stronger at higher H+concentrations and the number of large pores increased; there was a significant increase in the accumulated acoustic emission counts and maximum average energy near the unstable crack growth stage. The post-peak stage of the coal samples was characterized in the different acidic waters and the failure modes were identified by spectrum analysis. Acidic water damaged the weak areas of coal samples by complex physical and chemical reactions, which made direct tensile failure more likely when the coal samples were loaded.
Recommended Values of the Viscosity in the Limit of Zero Density for R134a and Six Vapors of Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Well as of the Initial Density Dependence of Viscosity for R134a. Revisited from Experiment Between 297 K and 631 K
Authors: Vogel Eckhard , Bich Eckard 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPreviously published experimental viscosity data at low density, originally obtained using all-quartz oscillating-disk viscometers for R134a and six vapors of aromatic hydrocarbons in the temperature range between 297 K and 631 K at most, were re-evaluated after an improved re-calibration. The relative combined expanded ($$k=2$$

k
=
2

) uncertainty of the re-evaluated data are 0.2 % near room temperature and increases to 0.3 % at higher temperatures. The re-evaluated data for R134a as well as for the vapors of mesitylene, durene, diphenyl, fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, and p-dichlorobenzene were arranged in approximately isothermal groups and converted into quasi-isothermal viscosity data using a first-order Taylor series in temperature. Then, the data for R134a were evaluated by means of a series expansion truncated at first order to obtain the zero density and initial density viscosity coefficients, $$\eta ^{(0)}$$

η

(
0
)

and $$\eta ^{(1)}$$

η

(
1
)

. For the six aromatic vapors, the Rainwater–Friend theory for the initial density dependence of the viscosity was used to derive $$\eta ^{(0)}$$

η

(
0
)

values. Finally, reliable $$\eta ^{(0)}$$

η

(
0
)

and also $$\eta ^{(1)}$$

η

(
1
)

values for R134a were selected as reference values in the measured temperature range to be applied when generating a new viscosity formulation.
A Nitronaphthalimide Probe for Fluorescence Imaging of Hypoxia in Cancer Cells
Authors: Kumari Rashmi , R Vasumathy , Sunil Dhanya , Ningthoujam Raghumani Singh , Pandey Badri Narain , Kulkarni Suresh D. , Varadavenkatesan Thivaharan , Venkatachalam Ganesh , V Anil Kumar N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe bioreductive enzymes typically upregulated in hypoxic tumor cells can be targeted for developing diagnostic and drug delivery applications. In this study, a new fluorescent probe 4−(6−nitro−1,3−dioxo−1H−benzo[de]isoquinolin−2(3H)−yl)benzaldehyde (NIB) based on a nitronaphthalimide skeleton that could respond to nitroreductase (NTR) overexpressed in hypoxic tumors is designed and its application in imaging tumor hypoxia is demonstrated. The docking studies revealed favourable interactions of NIB with the binding pocket of NTR-Escherichia coli. NIB, which is synthesized through a simple and single step imidation of 4−nitro−1,8−naphthalic anhydride displayed excellent reducible capacity under hypoxic conditions as evidenced from cyclic voltammetry investigations. The fluorescence measurements confirmed the formation of identical products (NIB-red) during chemical as well as NTR−aided enzymatic reduction in the presence of NADH. The potential fluorescence imaging of hypoxia based on NTR-mediated reduction of NIB is confirmed using in-vitro cell culture experiments using human breast cancer (MCF−7) cells, which displayed a significant change in the fluorescence colour and intensity at low NIB concentration within a short incubation period in hypoxic conditions.
Graphical abstract
Abelian p-groups with minimal full inertia
Authors: Goldsmith Brendan , Salce Luigi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe class of abelian p-groups with minimal full inertia, that is, satisfying the property that fully inert subgroups are commensurable with fully invariant subgroups is investigated, as well as the class of groups not satisfying this property; it is known that both the class of direct sums of cyclic groups and that of torsion-complete groups are of the first type. It is proved that groups with “small" endomorphism ring do not satisfy the property and concrete examples of them are provided via Corner’s realization theorems. Closure properties with respect to direct sums of the two classes of groups are also studied. A topological condition of the socle and a structural condition of the Jacobson radical of the endomorphism ring of a p-group G, both of which are satisfied by direct sums of cyclic groups and by torsion-complete groups, are shown to be independent of the property of having minimal full inertia. The new examples of fully inert subgroups, which are proved not to be commensurable with fully invariant subgroups, are shown not to be uniformly fully inert.
The Price Effects of Competition from Parallel Imports and Therapeutic Alternatives: Using Dynamic Models to Estimate the Causal Effect on the Extensive and Intensive Margins
Authors: Granlund David 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper studies responses to competition with the use of dynamic models that distinguish between short- and long-term price effects. The dynamic models also allow lagged numbers of competitors to become valid and strong instruments for the current numbers, which enables studying the causal effects using flexible specifications. A first parallel trader is found to decrease prices of exchangeable products by 7% in the long term. On the other hand, prices do not respond to the first competitor that sells therapeutic alternatives; but competition from four or more competitors that sell on-patent therapeutic alternatives decreases prices by about 10% in the long term.
Relationship lending and the use of trade credit: the role of relational capital and private information
Authors: Murro Pierluigi , Peruzzi Valentina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing a unique sample of Italian manufacturing firms, we investigate the impact of relationship lending on firms’ use of trade credit. We find that firms maintaining close and long-lasting relationships with their main banks are associated with higher amounts of trade credit extended by suppliers. This result is robust to alternative measures of trade credit and relationship lending, and to different estimation techniques. We also analyze the mechanisms driving the association between relationship lending and the use of trade credit. Regression results suggest that the positive link between accounts payable and relationship lending is especially significant for firms that use to provide soft information to their lenders and for companies with greater relational abilities.Plain English Summary The existence of close and long lasting lending relationships positively affects the amount of trade credit manufacturing firms receive from their suppliers. By relying on the Survey on Italian Manufacturing Firms, we show that the positive link between relationship lending and the use of trade credit is driven by two channels: private information and relational capital. In a policy perspective, our findings reveal a need for banking regulation and supervision to encompass banking business models in evaluating banks. The current approach might not be suitable for local banks investing in soft information acquisition and could weaken SMEs’ chances to receive both bank financing and trade credit from suppliers. Moreover, from a managerial point of view, our results uncover the relevance of firms’ ability to create strong relationships with banks, suppliers, and other companies that may help alleviating financial constraints.
Effect of environmental enrichment and isolation on behavioral and histological indices following focal ischemia in old rats
Authors: Gresita Andrei , Mihai Ruscu , Hermann Dirk M. , Amandei Flavia Semida , Capitanescu Bogdan , Popa-Wagner Aurel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStroke is a disease of aging. In stroke patients, the enriched group that received stimulating physical, eating, socializing, and group activities resulted in higher activity levels including spending more time on upper limb, communal socializing, listening and iPad activities. While environmental enrichment has been shown to improve the behavioral outcome of stroke in young animals, the effect of an enriched environment on behavioral recuperation and histological markers of cellular proliferation, neuroinflammation, and neurogenesis in old subjects is not known. We used behavioral testing and immunohistochemistry to assess the effect of environment on post-stroke recovery of young and aged rats kept either in isolation or stimulating social, motor, and sensory environment (( +)Env). We provide evidence that post-stroke animals environmental enrichment ( +)Env had a significant positive effect on recovery on the rotating pole, the inclined plane, and the labyrinth test. Old age exerted a small but significant effect on lesion size, which was independent of the environment. Further, a smaller infarct volume positively correlated with better recovery of spatial learning based on positive reinforcement, working and reference memory of young, and to a lesser extent, old animals kept in ( +)Env. Histologically, isolation/impoverishment was associated with an increased number of proliferating inflammatory cells expressing ED1 cells in the peri-infarcted area of old but not young rats. Further, ( +)Env and young age were associated with an increased number of neuroepithelial cells expressing nestin/BrdU as well as beta III tubulin cells in the damaged brain area which correlated with an increased performance on the inclined plane and rotating pole. Finally, ( +)Env and an increased number of neurons expressing doublecortin/BrdU cells exerted a significant effect on performance for working memory and performance on the rotating pole in both age groups. A stimulating social, motor and sensory environment had a limited beneficial effect on behavioral recovery (working memory and rotating pole) after stroke in old rats by reducing neuroinflammation and increasing the number of neuronal precursors expressing doublecortin. Old age however, exerted a small but significant effect on lesion size, which was independent of the environment.
Überzeugungen und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen zum inklusiven Unterricht bei (angehenden) Lehrkräften: der Einfluss von Lerngelegenheiten
Authors: Menge Claudia , Euler Thorsten , Schaeper Hildegard 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss von Lerngelegenheiten und Unterrichtserfahrungen auf die inklusionsbezogenen Überzeugungen und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen von (angehenden) Lehrkräften. Die Daten stammen aus einer Onlinebefragung der Studierendenkohorte des Nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS) im Herbst 2016. Das Analysesample umfasst Studierende, Referendarinnen und Referendare sowie erwerbstätige Lehrkräfte (N = 1862). Ein Strukturgleichungsmodell ergab, dass inklusionsbezogene Lerninhalte im Rahmen von Lehramtsstudium und Referendariat förderlich für die inklusionsbezogene Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung sind, während die Überzeugungen zu inklusivem Unterricht weitgehend unbeeinflusst bleiben. Ein Schulformvergleich zeigte, dass (angehende) Sonder‑/Förder- und Grundschullehrkräfte dem Unterrichten von inklusiven Schulklassen positiver und zuversichtlicher gegenüberstehen als (angehende) Lehrkräfte der Sekundarstufe I, Gymnasien und beruflichen Schulen. Zudem wurde festgestellt, dass erwerbstätige Lehrkräfte trotz häufigerer Lerngelegenheiten eine kritischere und weniger zuversichtliche Haltung zu Inklusion einnehmen als Studierende oder Referendarinnen und Referendare.
A Comparative Study of Mechanical Properties, Thermal Conductivity, Residual Stresses, and Wear Resistance of Aluminum-Alumina Composites Obtained by Squeeze Casting and Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Maj Justyna , Węglewski Witold , Bochenek Kamil , Rogal Łukasz , Woźniacka Stefania , Basista Michał 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Squeeze casting and powder metallurgy techniques were employed to fabricate AlSi12/Al2O3 composites, which are lightweight structural materials with potential applications in the automotive industry. The impact of the processing route on the material properties was studied. Comparative analyses were conducted for the Vickers hardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness, thermal conductivity, thermal residual stresses, and frictional wear. Our results show that the squeeze cast composite exhibits superior properties to those obtained using powder metallurgy.
Incidence of Pitting Corrosion Wastage on the Hull Girder Ultimate Strength
Authors: Piscopo V. , Scamardella A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe paper focuses on the assessment of the hull girder ultimate strength, combined with random pitting corrosion wastage, by the incremental-iterative method. After a brief review about the state of art, the local ultimate strength of pitted platings under uniaxial compression is preliminarily outlined and subsequently a closed-form design formula is endorsed in the Rule incremental-iterative method, to account for pitting corrosion wastage in the hull girder ultimate strength check. The ISSC bulk carrier is assumed as reference ship in a benchmark study, devoted to test the effectiveness of the incremental-iterative method, by a comparative analysis with a set of FE simulations, performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL. Four reference cases, with different locations of pitting corrosion wastage, are investigated focusing on nine combinations of pitting and corrosion intensity degrees. Finally, a comparative analysis between the hull girder ultimate strength, combined with pitting corrosion wastage, and the relevant values, complying with the Rule net scantling approach, is performed. Based on current results, the modified incremental-iterative method allows efficiently assessing the hull girder ultimate strength, combined with pitting corrosion wastage, so revealing useful both in the design process of new vessels and in the structural health monitoring of aged ships.
Complications Following MitraClip Implantation
Authors: Schnitzler Katharina , Hell Michaela , Geyer Martin , Kreidel Felix , Münzel Thomas , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To provide a detailed overview of complications associated with MitraClip therapy and its development over time with the aim to alert physicians for early recognition of complications and to offer treatment strategies for each complication, if possible.

Recent Findings
The MitraClip system (MC) is the leading transcatheter technique to treat mitral regurgitation (MR) and has been established as a safe procedure with very low adverse event rates compared to mitral surgery at intermediate to high risk or in secondary MR. Lately, the fourth MC generation has been launched with novel technical features to facilitate device handling, decrease complication rates, and allow the treatment of even complex lesions.

Summary
Although the complication rate is low, adverse events are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The most common complications are bleeding, acute kidney failure, procedure-induced mitral stenosis, and an iatrogenic atrial septal defect with unknown clinical impact.