bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teasing apart the host-related, nutrient-related and temperature-related effects shaping the phenology and microbiome of the tropical seagrassHalophila stipulacea
Authors: Szitenberg Amir , Beca-Carretero Pedro , Azcárate-García Tomás , Yergaliyev Timur , Alexander-Shani Rivka , Winters Gidon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundHalophila stipulaceaseagrass meadows are an ecologically important and threatened component of the ecosystem in the Gulf of Aqaba. Recent studies have demonstrated correlated geographic patterns for leaf endophytic community composition and leaf morphology, also coinciding with different levels of water turbidity and nutrient concentrations. Based on these observations, workers have suggested an environmental microbial fingerprint, which may reflect various environmental stress factors seagrasses have experienced, and may add a holobiont level of plasticity to seagrasses, assisting their acclimation to changing environments and through range expansion. However, it is difficult to tease apart environmental effects from host-diversity dependent effects, which have covaried in field studies, although this is required in order to establish that differences in microbial community compositions among sites are driven by environmental conditions rather than by features governed by the host.ResultsIn this study we carried out a mesocosm experiment, in which we studied the effects of warming and nutrient stress on the composition of epiphytic bacterial communities and on some phenological traits. We studiedH. stipulaceacollected from two different meadows in the Gulf of Aqaba, representing differences in the host and the environment alike. We found that the source site from which seagrasses were collected was the major factor governing seagrass phenology, although heat increased shoot mortality and nutrient loading delayed new shoot emergence. Bacterial diversity, however, mostly depended on the environmental conditions. The most prominent pattern was the increase in Rhodobacteraceae under nutrient stress without heat stress, along with an increase in Microtrichaceae. Together, the two taxa have the potential to maintain nitrate reduction followed by an anammox process, which can together buffer the increase in nutrient concentrations across the leaf surface.ConclusionsOur results thus corroborate the existence of environmental microbial fingerprints, which are independent from the host diversity, and support the notion of a holobiont level plasticity, both important to understand and monitorH. stipulaceaecology under the changing climate.
Upstrap for Estimating Power and Sample Size in Complex Models
Authors: Karas Marta , Crainiceanu Ciprian M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPower and sample size calculation are major components of statistical analyses. The upstrap resampling method introduced by Crainiceanu and Crainiceanu (2018) was proposed as a general solution to this problem but has not been assessed in numerical experiments. We evaluate the power estimation properties of the upstrap for target data sets that are larger or smaller than the original observed data set. We also expand the scope of upstrap and propose a solution to estimate the power to detect: (1) an effect size observed in the original data; and (2) an effect size chosen by a researcher. Simulations include the following scenarios: one- and two-sample t-tests; linear regression with both Gaussian and binary outcomes; multilevel mixed effects models with both Gaussian and binary outcomes. In addition, our simulations consider cases where the distribution of a covariate in the target setting is preserved and when it is purposefully changed compared to the original data set. We illustrate the approach using a reanalysis of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of malaria transmission. The GitHub repository with R code used in manuscript analyses is available at https://git.io/J0TH1. The accompanying data are publicly available.
TP53-mediated clonal hematopoiesis confers increased risk for incident peripheral artery disease
Authors: Zekavat Seyedeh M. , Viana-Huete Vanesa , Jorshery Saman Doroodgar , Zuriaga María A. , Uddin Md Mesbah , Trinder Mark , Paruchuri Kaavya , Matesanz Nuria , Zorita Virginia , Ferrer-Pérez Alba , Amorós-Pérez Marta , Damrauer Scott M. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Niroula Abhishek , Gibson Christopher J. , Pirruccello James , Griffin Gabriel , Ebert Benjamin L. , Libby Peter , Fuster Valentín , Zhao Hongyu , Ghassemi Marzyeh , Natarajan Pradeep , Bick Alexander G. , Fuster José J , Klarin Derek 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundSomatic mutations in blood indicative of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), particularly inDNMT3A,TET2, andJAK2, are associated with an increased risk of hematologic malignancy, coronary artery disease, and all-cause mortality. However, whether CHIP is associated with increased risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains unknown. In addition, chemotherapy frequently causes mutations in DNA Damage Repair (DDR) genesTP53andPPM1D, and whether CHIP caused by somatic mutations in DDR genes results in increased risk of atherosclerosis is unclear. We sought to test whether CHIP, and CHIP caused by DDR genes, associates with incident peripheral artery disease (PAD) and atherosclerosis.MethodsWe identified CHIP among 50,122 exome sequences in individuals from UK and Mass General Brigham Biobanks and tested CHIP status (N=2,851) with incident PAD and atherosclerosis across multiple arterial beds. To mimic the human scenario of clonal hematopoiesis and test whether the expansion of p53-deficient hematopoietic cells contributes to atherosclerosis, a competitive bone marrow transplantation (BMT) strategy was used to generate atherosclerosis-proneLdlr-/- chimeric mice carrying 20%Trp53-/- hematopoietic cells (20% KO-BMT mice). We then evaluated aortic plaque burden and plaque macrophage accumulation 12 weeks after grafting.ResultsCHIP associated with incident PAD (HR 1.7; P=2.2×10-5) and atherosclerosis in multiple beds (HR 1.3; P=9.7×10-5), with increased risk among individuals with DDR CHIP (HR 2.0; P=0.0084). Among atherosclerosis-proneLdlrnull mice, the p53 -/- 20% KO-BMT mice demonstrated increased aortic plaque size (p=0.013) and accumulation of p53-/- plaque macrophages (P<0.001), driven by an abundance of p53-deficient plaque macrophages. The expansion of p53-deficient cells did not affect the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β in the atherosclerotic aortic wall.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the role of CHIP as a broad driver of atherosclerosis across the entire arterial system, with evidence of increased plaque among p53 -/- 20% KO-BMT mice via expansion of plaque macrophages. These observations provide new insight into the link between CHIP and cardiovascular disease, and lend human genetic support to the concept that post-cytotoxic chemotherapy patients may benefit from surveillance for atherosclerotic conditions in addition to therapy-related myeloid neoplasms.
WITHDRAWN: Sucrose-dependence of sugar uptake, quorum sensing and virulence of the rice blight pathogenXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzae
Authors: Sadoine Mayuri , Long Juying , Song Congfeng , Arra Yugander , Frommer Wolf B. , Yang Bing 
Published: August 2021

Withdrawal StatementThe authors have withdrawn their manuscript owing to potential issues with the qRT-PCR data and issues with accessing some of the raw data from one of the authors (FAIR principle requirements). Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author.
Pro-IL-18 secreted by keratinocytes detects the group A streptococcal protease SpeB
Authors: Johnson Anders F. , Sands Jenna S. , Trivedi Keya , Russell Raedeen , LaRock Doris L. , LaRock Christopher N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGroup AStreptococcus(GAS,Streptococcus pyogenes) is a professional human pathogen that commonly infects the skin. Keratinocytes are one of the first cells to contact GAS, and by inducing inflammation, they can initiate the earliest immune responses to pathogen invasion. Here, we characterized the proinflammatory cytokine repertoire produced by primary human keratinocytes and surrogate cell lines commonly usedin vitro. Infection induces several cytokines and chemokines, but keratinocytes constitutively secrete IL-18 in a form that is inert (pro-IL-18) and lacks proinflammatory activity. Canonically, IL-18 activation and secretion are coupled through a single proteolytic event that is regulated intracellularly by the inflammasome protease caspase-1 in myeloid cells. The pool of extracellular pro-IL-18 generated by keratinocytes is poised to sense extracellular proteases and is directly processed into a mature active form by SpeB, a secreted GAS protease that is a critical virulent factor during skin infection. This mechanism contributes to the proinflammatory response against GAS, resulting in T cell activation and the secretion of IFN-γ that restrict GAS growth. Other major bacterial pathogens and microbiota of this skin did not have significant IL-18-maturing ability. Taken together, these results suggest keratinocyte-secreted IL-18 is a sentinel that sounds an early alarm that is highly sensitive to GAS, yet tolerant to non-invasive members of the microbiota.
Bayesian inference of multi-point macromolecular architecture mixtures at nanometre resolution
Authors: Embacher Peter A , Germanova Tsvetelina E , Roscioli Emanuele , McAinsh Andrew D , Burroughs Nigel J 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGaussian spot fitting methods have significantly extended the spatial range where fluorescent microscopy can be used, with recent techniques approaching nanometre (nm) resolutions. However, small inter-fluorophore distances are systematically over-estimated for typical molecular scales (≲ 50nm). This bias can be corrected computationally, but current algorithms are limited to correcting distances between pairs of fluorophores. Here we present a flexible Bayesian computational approach that infers the distances and angles between multiple markers and has several advantages over these previous methods. Specifically it improves confidence intervals for small lengths, estimates measurement errors of each fluorescent marker individually and infers the correlations between polygon lengths. The latter is essential for determining the full multi-fluorophore 3D architecture. We further developed the algorithm to infer the mixture composition of a heterogeneous population of multiple polygon states. We use our algorithm to analyse the 3D architecture of the human kinetochore, a macro-molecular complex that is essential for high fidelity cell division. We examine the conformational change induced by microtubule attachment using triple fluorophore marked data and demonstrate for the first time that in metaphase kinetochore conformation is heterogeneous.
TWIST1 interacts with adherens junction proteins during neural tube development and regulates fate transition in cranial neural crest cells
Authors: Bertol Jessica W. , Johnston Shelby , Ahmed Rabia , Xie Victoria K. , Hubka Kelsea M. , Cruz Lissette , Nitschke Larissa , Stetsiv Marta , Goering Jeremy P. , Nistor Paul , Lowell Sally , Hoskens Hanne , Claes Peter , Weinberg Seth M. , Saadi Irfan , Farach-Carson Mary C. , Fakhouri Walid D. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTCell fate determination is a necessary and tightly regulated process for producing different cell types and structures during development. Cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) are unique to vertebrate embryos and emerge from the neural fold borders into multiple cell lineages that differentiate into bone, cartilage, neurons, and glial cells. We previously reported thatIrf6genetically interacts withTwist1during CNCC-derived tissue formation. Here, we investigated the mechanistic role ofTwist1andIrf6at early stages of craniofacial development. Our data indicates that TWIST1 interacts with α/β/γ-CATENINS during neural tube closure, andIrf6is involved in the structural integrity of the neural tube.Twist1suppressesIrf6and other epithelial genes in CNCCs during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cell migration. Conversely, a loss ofTwist1leads to a sustained expression of epithelial and cell adhesion markers in migratory CNCCs. Disruption of TWIST1 phosphorylationin vivoleads to epidermal blebbing, edema, neural tube defects, and CNCC-derived structural abnormalities. Altogether, this study describes an uncharacterized function ofTwist1andIrf6in the neural tube and CNCCs and provides new target genes ofTwist1involved in cytoskeletal remodeling. Furthermore, the association between DNA variations within TWIST1 putative enhancers and human facial morphology is also investigated.SUMMARY STATEMENTThis study uncovers a new function ofTwist1in neural tube development and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cranial neural crest cells. Data further shows thatTwist1-interactingIrf6is involved in regulating neural tube integrity.
Deep restricted and additive homomorphic ElGamal privacy preservations over big healthcare data
Authors: Sujatha K. , Udayarani V. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to improve the privacy in healthcare datasets that hold sensitive information. Putting a stop to privacy divulgence and bestowing relevant information to legitimate users are at the same time said to be of differing goals. Also, the swift evolution of big data has put forward considerable ease to all chores of life. As far as the big data era is concerned, propagation and information sharing are said to be the two main facets. Despite several research works performed on these aspects, with the incremental nature of data, the likelihood of privacy leakage is also substantially expanded through various benefits availed of big data. Hence, safeguarding data privacy in a complicated environment has become a major setback.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a method called deep restricted additive homomorphic ElGamal privacy preservation (DR-AHEPP) to preserve the privacy of data even in case of incremental data is proposed. An entropy-based differential privacy quasi identification and DR-AHEPP algorithms are designed, respectively, for obtaining privacy-preserved minimum falsified quasi-identifier set and computationally efficient privacy-preserved data.FindingsAnalysis results using Diabetes 130-US hospitals illustrate that the proposed DR-AHEPP method is more significant in preserving privacy on incremental data than existing methods. A comparative analysis of state-of-the-art works with the objective to minimize information loss, false positive rate and execution time with higher accuracy is calibrated.Originality/valueThe paper provides better performance using Diabetes 130-US hospitals for achieving high accuracy, low information loss and false positive rate. The result illustrates that the proposed method increases the accuracy by 4% and reduces the false positive rate and information loss by 25 and 35%, respectively, as compared to state-of-the-art works.
Empowerment leadership as a predictor of expatriates job performance and creative work involvement
Authors: AlMazrouei Hanan 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between empowering leadership and organizational commitment and its effect on job performance and creative work involvement within the expatriate society of the UAE.Design/methodology/approachThe paper suggests a theoretical model derived from survey responses gathered from expatriates used in multinational organizations located in Dubai city in the UAE.FindingsThe results show that organizational commitment partially mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and job performance. Furthermore, the results show that organizational commitment partially mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and creative work involvement.Originality/valueThis research adds to the existing body of knowledge on international business by investigating the effects that organizational commitment and empowering leadership have on creative work involvement and job performance of expatriates.
The impact of organizational practices on formation and development of psychological contract: expatriates' perception-based view
Authors: Bashir Hafsa , Ahmad Bashir , Bari Muhammad Waseem , Khan Qurat Ul Ain 
Published: August 2021

PurposeBased on signaling and motivation theories, this study investigates the impact of organizational practices on the formation and development of expatriates' psychological contracts in three stages. Stage 1: the impact of the selection process on psychological contract formation with the mediating role of perceived organizational justice. Stage 2: the impact of pre-departure training on psychological contract formation with the mediating role of individual absorptive capacity. Stage 3: the impact of perceived organizational support on psychological contract development with the mediating role of expatriates' adjustment.Design/methodology/approachBy using a purposive sampling technique, the respondents were approached via e-mails and personal visits in three waves, each wave had 45 days gap. After three waves, a total of 402 complete questionnaires were received back. To test the hypotheses, the partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach was used.FindingsStage 1: effective selection process and perceived organizational justice positively support the psychological contract formation. Stage 2: the pre-departure training and individual absorptive capacity have a positive influence on the psychological contract formation of expatriates. Stage 3: the perceived organizational support and psychological contract development have a positive direct association. However, expatriates' adjustment does not mediate the association between perceived organizational support and the psychological contract development of expatriates.Practical implicationsThe implications of this study are supportive to the organizations that deal with expatriates. The organizations should adopt practices (i.e. effective selection process, pre-departure training and perceived organizational support) for effective formation of psychological contract formation and development. In addition, perceived organizational justice, individual absorptive capacity and expatriates' adjustment can help out in the formation and development of the psychological contract of expatriates.Originality/valueThis study highlights the role of organizational best practices in the formation and development of the psychological contract of expatriates.
Pedagogies for sustainability: insights from a foundational sustainability course in the built environment
Authors: Sandri Orana , Holdsworth Sarah 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to draw on an in-depth qualitative case study of an undergraduate sustainability education course to show the extent of pedagogical reflection and teaching capability demonstrated in lived practice to support transformative, systemic and capability building learning processes, as advocated in the literature, for effective sustainability education.

Design/methodology/approach
Transformative learning and capability building are an essential part of sustainability education according to the growing body of literature. This approach to education, however, necessitates critical, learner-centred pedagogies which challenge traditional transmissive modes of teaching.

Findings
This paper finds that pedagogy which supports the learning experiences and outcomes advocated in sustainability education literature requires significant reflection on behalf of the educator and also motivation, capability and experience to do this, thus more research and academic support is needed which focusses on pedagogical development within sustainability education.

Originality/value
Literature on sustainability education often assumes that teachers are capable of reflecting on and transforming their pedagogical practice, and therefore, the pedagogical implications of sustainability education are often understated in research findings. This paper highlights why pedagogical reflection plays a crucial role in the effective implementation of sustainability education.
Acting the part: how social and organisational factors shape managers' actions towards employees with repeated short-term sickness absence
Authors: Norvell Gustavsson Isa , Müssener Ulrika , Ståhl Christian 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe aim of the study was to understand the social and organisational factors in the workplace that shape managers' actions and attitudes towards workers with repeated short-term sickness absence.Design/methodology/approachThis was a qualitative interview study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 managers at 15 different workplaces. The analysis had an abductive approach, using thematic analysis which focused on the latent content of managers attitudes towards employees with repeated short-term sickness absence.FindingsResults indicate that the managers' views of people on short-term sick leave shift and move through several phases, which was analysed as they were acts in a play, where their given roles are prescribing which actions to take given the available resources for acting these parts. These acts depict an increasingly controlling attitude, where the sick leave is ultimately seen as an individual problem best managed by repressive tactics.Originality/valueRole theory offers the possibility to analyse managers' attitudes and behaviours by considering the workplace and the manager-employee relationship as regulated by norms and organisational factors.
Fitting in as an outsider: a resource dependence theory approach to outside boards
Authors: Ng Desmond , Khodakarami Nima 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study draws on resource dependence theory (RDT) to explain a board's governance function in the United States (US) nonprofit healthcare industry. Specifically, while various nonprofit research studies have appealed to agency theory (AT) to explain the monitoring role of an outside board, RDT offers an alternative explanation that emphasizes an outside board's resource gathering role.Design/methodology/approachIn drawing on the nonprofit GuideStar database, a fixed effect (FE) panel estimation was conducted on a sample of 230 US Non Profit Healthcare Organizations (NPHCOs). This panel estimation examines the relationship between the composition of an outside board and an NPHCO’s revenue and public support performance.FindingsA key finding of this study is that the composition of an outside board involving its' number, compensation and gender impacts an NPHCO’s revenue and public support.Research limitations/implicationsThis study shows that the composition of an outside board impacts an NPHCO’s ability to gain access to external resources. As NPHCOs face increasing pressure to seek external forms of revenue support, this study suggests that boards should favor a larger number, compensation and female representation of outside members.Practical implicationsThe composition of an outsider board can offer external sources of revenue support that lower the poor's requirements for financial assistance and thus affirm an NPHCO’s identity as a charitable organization.Originality/valueAs an NPHCO’s identity as a charitable organization is dependent on serving the medical needs of the poor, an outside board not only introduces a resource gathering function that is absent in the monitoring explanations of AT, but that this resource gathering function is important to affirming this identity.