bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heke Mai Ki Ahau Nei E! Roka Paora's Contributions To Tukunga Iho A Te Whānau-a-Apanui And Te Reo O Te Whānau-a-Apanui
Authors:   , Richards Parehau 
Published: November 2021

<p>Throughout the twentieth century Te Whānau-a-Apanui scholars continued to assert distinctive features of Te Whānau-a-Apanui identity through both literary and non-literary texts. Roka Pahewa Paora contributed to this important work by producing Māori texts for Māori language students and the community. Those texts became well-known in the field of Māori education for asserting distinctive features of te reo o Te Whānau-a-Apanui. This thesis explores a selection of tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui, kōrero tuku iho and taonga tuku iho, to illustrate how Roka and other Te Whānau-a-Apanui scholars before and after her have embraced and passed down tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui by renewing or extending core elements, otherwise referred to in this thesis as the iho, of earlier tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui. Specifically, this thesis examines Roka’s published writings ‘Ka Haere a Hata Mā Ki te Hī Moki’ (Paora, 1971) and ‘He Kōrero Mō te Mahi Wēra i Te Whānau-a-Apanui’ (Paora in Moorfield, 1992) as extensions of earlier tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui about moki and whales. My analysis focuses on how Roka applied the knowledge, language and history of earlier tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui to her writings to assert te reo o Te Whānau-a-Apanui. Therefore, this thesis uses a tukunga iho framework to illustrate familial and intellectual connections between and across a selection of tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui and the tribal scholars that produced them. Roka’s writings and archive are repositories of important tukunga iho and provide connections to tribal, Māori and non-Māori scholars who offer insights and interpretations of mātauranga Māori that have been applied to Māori studies paradigms and kaupapa Māori. This wider range of knowledge, language and historical sources also help me to show how tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui contain important insights into the social, cultural and economic contexts in which my ancestors embraced, extended and passed down tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui. Overall, this thesis offers twenty-first century interpretations of tukunga iho a Te Whānau-a-Apanui and how they assert te reo o Te Whānau-a-Apanui.</p>
Accessibility and development in rural Sarawak. A case study of the Baleh river basin, Kapit District, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors:   , Abdullah Regina Garai 
Published: November 2021

<p>To what degree does accessibility to markets correlate with levels of development? This is an important question for those living in remote, underdeveloped parts of Southeast Asia during the final phases of de-agrarianisation. My study recounts the experience of rural-based Iban households living in the Baleh river basin of the Kapit District (population of 54,200) within a day or less travel by river to the small market town of Kapit (with a population of 18,000). With no connecting roads to the rest of Sarawak and reliant almost entirely on river transport, the local economy remains underdeveloped and is losing population. My field work among 20 villages in three accessibility zones of the Baleh river basin was undertaken over the three month period of May-July 2014. Structured interviews were conducted with 20 village headmen (tuai rumah), 82 heads of household, and 82 individuals within the households. Data was also systematically collected on 153 other individuals, including both residents and non-resident members of these bilik-families. My conceptual framework draws on von Thünen’s model of agricultural land use in order to generate expectations about the possible effects of market accessibility. While the sale of vegetables and other commodities accords with expected patterns, most rural households are in fact dependent on other, largely non-agricultural sources of income. As a result there has emerged a disjuncture between the nominal and actual residence as those working age family members with residential rights to the bilik undertake paid work well beyond the agricultural margin. Unable to achieve desired standards of living by accessing local markets and services in a division with no cities or roads, the working age members of the bilik sustain their families by dividing their residence between two or more locations in what I call multi-local living. The income of nominally rural households is being increasingly determined by the human capital that individuals now apply to non-agricultural labour markets. This, in turn, is leading to a widening distribution of levels of ‘development’, across individuals, their multi-generational families and their rural communities. Multi-local living is unsustainable beyond the transitional phase of de-agrarianisation and as labour shifts out of agriculture and people move to towns, connections with rural residence are likely to diminish, notwithstanding the cultural ties, and disputes over realising market values of largely untitled land will continue to complicate the transition.</p>
Reconstructing urban CO₂ emissions utilising the radiocarbon composition of tree rings from the Wellington Region, New Zealand
Authors:   , Ansell India 
Published: November 2021

<p>This study demonstrates the utility of tree ring radiocarbon analysis to quantify a temporal record of recently-added fossil fuel-derived carbon dioxide (CO₂ff) in the urban atmosphere, to retrospectively measure emissions and potentially validate local emissions inventories. Currently, there is no internationally recognised method to test emissions inventories against direct atmospheric estimations of CO₂ff. With the increasing interest in emissions control legislation, independent and objective research to validate emissions reported by governments and industries is needed. As CO₂ff emissions are completely depleted in radiocarbon (¹⁴C), an observed decrease in the ¹⁴C content of the atmosphere is mostly due to additions of CO₂ff. As trees incorporate CO₂ from the local atmosphere into annual growth rings, it was hypothesised that an urban located tree would reflect emission rates of its local surroundings. Measurements of the ¹⁴C content of cellulose were made from the annual tree rings of a Kauri tree (Agathis australis), located in the downtown area of the Wellington suburb of Lower Hutt (KNG52). This record was compared with tree rings from two Kauri at a nearby coastal site (NIK19 and NIK23) and the long-term clean air ¹⁴CO₂ record from Baring Head. The clean air Kauri trees, NIK19 and NIK23, demonstrated excellent agreement with the Baring Head atmospheric record, indicating that the trees were accurately sampling the atmosphere. The KNG52 tree, demonstrated good agreement with the clean air record in the early part of the record (with some variability), however, exhibited significantly lower Δ¹⁴CO₂ values from the 1980s onward. Calculation of the influence of the terrestrial biosphere on the ¹⁴CO₂ record showed very little impact, determining that the variability seen was due to local additions of CO₂ff. Historic CO₂ff emissions were calculated using the Δ¹⁴CO₂ measurements from the KNG52 ¹⁴CO₂ record for the period 1972 – 2012. Biosphere correction calculations showed that the biosphere was the dominant influence on the record in the early part of the record (1972 – 1980), with fossil fuel emissions dominating the record from 1980s onward. The observations were compared qualitatively with meteorological data and urban development in the area to assess variability in CO₂ff. A minor trend towards lower wind speeds associated with higher levels of CO₂ff was identified, indicating that local meteorology may be responsible for 10% change seen in the record. The influence of local development demonstrated some possible relation but a correlation was not significant. The KNG52 CO₂ff record was compared with national-level reported liquid (road traffic) emissions from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Centre (CDIAC). The observed KNG52 CO₂ff in the tree ring record appeared to increase in tandem with road traffic emissions.</p>
Administrative Capacity of Local Government in Responding to Natural Disasters in Developing Countries
Authors: Quang Nguyen Van , Long Doan Trieu , Anh Nguyen Dung , Hai Thanh Nguyen 
Published: November 2021

The important role of local government in the socio-economic development of localities has been confirmed in many domestic and foreign studies. But the role of government in drought adaptation has often received little attention and analysis in domestic studies. Approaching from the local tectonic government model, the article argues that local government is an important link to promote adaptive capacity at the local level of Vietnam and the Central Highlands provinces provide a case study that is typical for research and development of the capacity to adapt to drought and natural disasters for local authorities in Vietnam. Analysis of adaptive capacity through case studies in local government in the Central Highlands provinces shows that capacity is a major challenge for local governments here. The paper recommends that it is necessary to further expand the initiative and role of local authorities in guiding and promoting adaptation for communities and local people. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2021-02-02-03 Full Text: PDF
Diagnostic Point-of-Care Tests with an Approach to Data Management
Authors: Asadi Farkhondeh , Moghaddasi Hamid , Anvari Mahrokh , Rabiei Reza 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Diagnostic point- of- care (POC) tests are considered as an approach to ease the diagnosis of diseases, deliver quicker patient care, and improve patient safety. The aim of this study was to review the diagnostic POC tests with an approach to data management.Material and Methods: In this review study, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Wolters Kluwer databases were searched from 2000 to 2020 using a combination of related keywords. A total of 96 articles were retrieved of which 48 articles considered as relevant. The content of these articles were then analyzed with respect to the aim of the study. The inclusion criteria for the articles were: 1) they focused the POC test; 2) addressed data management aspects; 3) written in English. Articles that only addressed the POC tests from a clinical or technical perspective and with no indication of data management were excluded.Results: Rapid and timely collection and processing of test results, the capability of exchanging test results, and capabilities such as documentation and data quality control play a significant role in reducing the average length of stay in hospital, planning, decision-making, organizing, controlling clinical and managerial activities, and achieving the efficiency of services provided.Conclusion: In addition to applying diagnostic POC tests technologies, medical settings should have necessary approaches for managing data generated by these technologies to improve better use of data in service delivery.
KERAGAMAN DAN PENGAMBILAN RISIKO DI BANK SYARIAH : PENTINGKAH LISTING PRODUCT ?
Authors: Sondik Wicaksono  
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji dua dimensi keragaman pada dewan direksi (BOD) dan dewan pengawas syariah (DSB), yaitu keragaman gender dan keragaman pendidikan, dan pengaruhnya terhadap pengambilan risiko oleh bank syariah. Studi ini memperluas literatur dengan memeriksa apakah pengaruh keragaman gender dan pendidikan terhadap pengambilan risiko bank syariah berbeda berdasarkan apakah bank tersebut terdaftar secara publik. Berdasarkan sampel bank syariah di dua puluh enam negara, temuan menunjukkan bahwa representasi perempuan yang lebih besar di BOD mengurangi kebangkrutan risiko pada bank syariah yang terdaftar dan bahwa keragaman pendidikan anggota Direksi dan DPS memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pengambilan risiko bank syariah, tergantung pada apakah mereka terdaftar secara publik. Hasilnya kuat untuk ukuran risiko berbasis pasar dan penggunaan perbedaan yang digeneralisasikan metode penduga momen dan teknik pencocokan skor kecenderungan.
Analysis of Student Errors in Solving Mathematics Problems at Muhammadiyah Senior High School Special Program of Kottabarat Surakarta City
Authors: Herawati Ratna , Marfuah Ismiyati 
Published: November 2021

Learning mathematics is a crucial part of education. Mathematics is one of the subjects feared by students. One of the problems in the object of mathematics study is the material for X class of Senior High School. Students of grade X are undergoing adaptation from the junior high school level to the high school level so that the findings of conceptual errors, calculations, and thinking patterns in problem-solving algorithms are often found. This also happened to the students of the Muhammadiyah Senior High School Special Program of Kottabarat Surakarta. In connection with the above problems, the author analyzes student errors in solving math problems at the Muhammadiyah senior high school special program of Kottabarat Surakarta.This study aims to find out errors, causes of error, and alternative problem solving related to students' errors in solving math problems. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The research subjects were taken by sampling purposes. they are three students of class X. The research method used is qualitative research methods, data collection techniques used in this study are test methods, interview methods, and documentation methods. The research instrument is the main instrument, namely the researcher himself and the auxiliary instruments in the form of test sheets, interview guidelines, and field notes. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation, and data verification, and triangulation techniques. The results of this study indicate that the types of errors that did most often made are errors in understanding questions that were 9 times, process skills errors and coding errors were 6 times, and reading errors were never made by research subjects.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Belajar dan Minat Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VII Semester Genap SMPN 3 Tungkal Ulu di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Prantauwati Kurnia , Syaiful Syaiful , Maison Maison 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan belajar dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika peserta didik di masa pandemic COVID-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif non eksperimen dengan ex-post-facto. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah tes dan angket. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji prasyarat terdiri dari uji normalitas, linieritas, dan indepen. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan analisis regresi ganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara lingkungan belajar di rumah dan minat belajar dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Tungkal Ulu Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan uji – F yaitu 6,593277831> 3,35. Koefisien korelasi ganda (R) sebesar 0,5728293921 dan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,3281335125 dengan persamaan garis linear -38,333043313+0,4186176102 + 0,9070199850 X2 . Besar sumbangan relatif X1 sebesar 35,9591 % dan X2 sebesar 64,0409% serta sumbangan efektif X1 sebesar 11,7994 % dan X2 sebesar 21,01395%.
مظاهر التّعليل التّداوليّ في النّحو العربيّ
Authors: دليّان أنور وعد 
Published: November 2021

إنّ تكوّن المفاهيم في الأذهان لا يمكن فكّ تفاصيلها إلا بإدراك المسبّبات لها؛ لذلك اقتصرت الجهود وانصبت نحو هذه الغاية من أجل حسمها والولوج في إيضاحها وبيانها .
لذلك حصل للنحاة بذل الجهود من أجل تلك الغايات وبلوغ مقاصدها ، وكان لا يمكن تحقق ذلك إلا من خلال إنجاح التواصل بين المتكلم والمخاطب ، لذلك وجّه النحاة أغراضهم لدفع أي سبب يكون مانعاً من إيصال الكلام إلى المخاطب ، وعلى هذا الأساس تنوعت تلك المظاهر واستعملت وفق نوعية الإشكالات التي تحيط بالكلام .
إنّ التزام النحاة بتلك المعايير أعطى للكلام وضوحاً وللمقاصد بياناً حتى لا يقع المتكلم في احتمالات وصعوبات تمنع إصابة تلك الغايات ؛ لأنَّ أغراض الكلام وحصولها وفق هذا الترتيب يساعد على تجاوز عوارض الخلل الواقعة في النصوص ، وهذا ما يصبو إليه النحاة ، ويدخل ضمن صدارة أبحاثهم وطروحاتهم
Biological Control Stem Rot Diseases (Sclerotium Rolfsii) on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous
Authors: Swandi Fradilla , Sulyanti Eri , Darnetty Darnetty 
Published: November 2021

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are known to have potential as biological agents controlling plant pathogens. This study aims to obtain indigenous AMF isolates that can suppress the attack of Sclerotium rolfsii which causes stem rot disease in peanut. The method used is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments, namely A : AMF Glomus sp-3 + S. rolfsii; B: AMF Acaulospora sp + S. rolfsii; C: AMF Gigaspora sp + S. rolfsii; D: Combined AMF Glomus sp-3, Acaulospora sp, and Gigaspora sp + S. rolfsii; E: Without AMF + S. rolfsii (Control). Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using the Statistix 8 program and the Least Significance Different (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the isolates of Acaulospora sp and Gigaspora sp were able to increase the resistance of peanut plants to stem rot disease (suppressing the incidence and severity of the disease) reaching 100%. Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, indigenous, salicylic acid, Sclerotium rolfsii.
Association Between Left Ventricular Global Function Index and Outcomes in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Tong , Zhou Zhen , Bo Kairui , Gao Yifeng , Wang Hui , Wang Rui , Liu Wei , Chang Sanshuai , Liu Yuanyuan , Sun Yuqing , Firmin David , Yang Guang , Dong Jianzeng , Xu Lei 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Left ventricular global function index (LVGFI) assessed using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) seems promising in the prediction of clinical outcomes. However, the role of the LVGFI is uncertain in patients with heart failure (HF) with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). To describe the association of LVGFI and outcomes in patients with DCM, it was hypothesized that LVGFI is associated with decreased major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with DCM.Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2015 to April 2020 in consecutive patients with DCM who underwent CMR. The association between outcomes and LVGFI was assessed using a multivariable model adjusted with confounders. LVGFI was the primary exposure variable. The long-term outcome was a composite endpoint, including death or heart transplantation.Results: A total of 334 patients (mean age: 55 years) were included in this study. The average of CMR-LVGFI was 16.53%. Over a median follow-up of 565 days, 43 patients reached the composite endpoint. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that patients with LVGFI lower than the cutoff values (15.73%) had a higher estimated cumulative incidence of the endpoint compared to those with LVGFI higher than the cutoff values (P = 0.0021). The hazard of MACEs decreased by 38% for each 1 SD increase in LVGFI (hazard ratio 0.62[95%CI 0.43–0.91]) and after adjustment by 46% (HR 0.54 [95%CI 0.32–0.89]). The association was consistent across subgroup analyses.Conclusion: In this study, an increase in CMR-LVGFI was associated with decreasing the long-term risk of MACEs with DCM after adjustment for traditional confounders.
Volume Overload Initiates an Immune Response in the Right Ventricle at the Neonatal Stage
Authors: Cui Qing , Sun Sijuan , Zhu Hongbin , Xiao Yingying , Jiang Chuan , Zhang Hao , Liu Jinfen , Ye Lincai , Shen Jie 
Published: November 2021

Background: Pulmonary regurgitation caused by the correction or palliation of pediatric tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) leads to chronic right ventricular (RV) volume overload (VO), which induces adolescent RV dysfunction. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism by which VO initiates neonatal RV remodeling may bring new insights into the post-surgical management of pediatric TOF.Methods and Results: We created a fistula between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava on postnatal day 1 (P1) using a rat model to induce neonatal VO. Echocardiography revealed that the velocity and velocity- time-integral of the pulmonary artery (PA) were significantly elevated, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining showed that the diameter of the RV significantly increased. RNA-seq analysis of the RV on P7 indicated that the top 10 enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the top 20 enriched terms in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were associated with immune responses. Flow-cytometric analysis demonstrated that the number of CD4+and CD8+ immune cells were significantly augmented in the VO group compared with the sham group.Conclusions: A neonatal cardiac VO rat model on P1 was successfully created, providing a platform for studying the molecular biology of neonatal RV under the influence of VO. VO - induces an immune response at the neonatal stage (from P1 to P7), suggesting that immune responses may be an initiating factor for neonatal RV remodeling under the influence of VO and that immunosuppressants may be used to prevent pediatric RV remodeling caused by VO.
Intensified Late Miocene Deformation in the Northern Qaidam Basin, Northern Tibetan Plateau, Constrained by Apatite Fission-Track Thermochronology
Authors: He Pengju , Song Chunhui , Wang Yadong , Zhang Yihu , Chen Wenqi , Meng Qingquan , Zhao Yuanhao 
Published: November 2021

The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the North Qaidam-Qilian Shan fold-thrust belt in the northern Tibetan Plateau is important to understanding the tectonic rejuvenation of orogeny and growth of the plateau. However, the deformation processes in this region remain controversial. This study presents new apatite fission track (AFT) data from Paleogene strata in the northern Qaidam Basin to investigate the time of deformation in this site. Thermal modeling of these partially annealed detrital AFT ages shows a thermal history with a noticeable transition from heating to cooling after ∼10 Ma. This transition is attributed to the intensified thrusting and folding of the northern Qaidam Basin since ∼10 Ma. Integrated with published tectonics and thermochronology results, we suggest the North Qaidam-Qilian Shan fold-thrust belt experienced prevailing tectonism since the late Miocene.