bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy with and without hyperthermia in retroperitoneal sarcomas: feasibility, efficacy, toxicity, and long-term outcome
Authors: Willner A. , Fechner K. , Agaimy A. , Haller F. , Eckstein M. , Ott O. J. , Putz F. , Gaipl U. S. , Kersting S. , Meidenbauer N. , Grützmann R. , Fietkau R. , Semrau S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Retroperitoneal (RPS) sarcomas are associated with poor local and abdominal tumor control. However, the benefit of preoperative radio- or chemotherapy alone for these entities is currently unclear. Moreover, as intermediate- and high-grade sarcomas have a tendency toward early metastasis, exploration of neoadjuvant strategies is of high importance. This analysis reports the results of our 20-year single-institution experience with preoperative neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation.

Methods
From 2000–2019, 27 patients with intermediate- or high-grade RPS (12 dedifferentiated liposarcoma, 10 leiomyosarcoma, 5 others) were treated with radiotherapy (median dose: 50.4 Gy; range 45–75 Gy) and two cycles of chemotherapy (doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 BSA/d3 q28 and ifosfamide 1.5 g/m2 BSA/d1‑5 q28) in neoadjuvant intent. Chemotherapy consisted of doxorubicin alone in two cases and ifosfamide alone in one case. Fifteen patients (56%) additionally received deep regional hyperthermia.

Results
The median follow-up time was 53 months (±56.7 months). 92% of patients received two cycles of chemotherapy as planned and 92% underwent surgery. At 5 and 10 years, abdominal-recurrence-free survival was 74.6% (±10.1%) and 66.3% (±11.9%), distant metastasis-free survival was 67.2% (±9.7%) and 59.7% (±11.1%), and overall survival was 60.3% (±10.5%) and 60.3% (±10.5%), respectively. CTC grade III and IV toxicities were leukocytopenia (85%), thrombocytopenia (33%), and anemia (11%). There were no treatment-related deaths.

Conclusion
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with and without hyperthermia for retroperitoneal sarcomas is feasible and provided high local control of intermediate- and high-grade sarcoma.
Virtuelle Realität in der Lehre im Fach Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
Authors: Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi , Böhme Pierre , Hooge Vitalij , Pfeiffer Thies , Juckel Georg 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ausbildung und Lehre müssen sich den Gegebenheiten insbesondere in Corona-Zeiten anpassen, zumal neue digitale Technologien zur Verfügung stehen. Ärztliche Interaktions- und Explorationstechniken sind die wichtigsten Werkzeuge, die Medizinstudierende im Fach Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie zu erwerben haben.

Ziel der Arbeit
Avatare in virtueller Realität (VR) können grundsätzlich alle Krankheitsbilder in unterschiedlichen Schweregraden zu jeder Zeit repräsentieren.

Material und Methoden
Im Bochumer Avatar-Explorationsprojekt (AVEX) treten Studierende in den Dialog mit „psychisch kranken“ Avataren und versuchen, unter Anleitung und Supervision Diagnose, Differenzialdiagnose und Behandlungsempfehlungen zu erarbeiten.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Dadurch können die Studierenden auch seltene oder schwere psychiatrische Krankheitsbilder durch VR vermittelt kennenlernen. Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt erste Erfahrungen insbesondere in Aufbau und Entwicklung sowie bez. der technologischen Herausforderungen dar.
Influence of reconstruction kernels on the accuracy of CT-derived fractional flow reserve
Authors: Ammon Fabian , Moshage Maximilian , Smolka Silvia , Goeller Markus , Bittner Daniel O. , Achenbach Stephan , Marwan Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives
We evaluated the influence of image reconstruction kernels on the diagnostic accuracy of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) compared to invasive FFR in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods
Sixty-nine patients, in whom coronary CT angiography was performed and who were further referred for invasive coronary angiography with FFR measurement via pressure wire, were retrospectively included. CT data sets were acquired using a third-generation dual-source CT system and rendered with medium smooth (Bv40) and sharp (Bv49) reconstruction kernels. FFRCT was calculated on-site using prototype software. Coronary stenoses with invasive FFR ≤ 0.80 were classified as significant. Agreement between FFRCT and invasive FFR was determined for both reconstruction kernels.

Results
One hundred analyzed vessels in 69 patients were included. Twenty-five vessels were significantly stenosed according to invasive FFR. Using a sharp reconstruction kernel for FFRCT resulted in a significantly higher correlation with invasive FFR (r = 0.74, p < 0.01 vs. r = 0.58, p < 0.01; p = 0.04) and a higher AUC in ROC curve analysis to correctly identify/exclude significant stenosis (AUC = 0.92 vs. AUC = 0.82 for sharp vs. medium smooth kernel, respectively, p = 0.02). A FFRCT value of ≤ 0.8 using a sharp reconstruction kernel showed a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 92% for detecting ischemia-causing lesions, resulting in a diagnostic accuracy of 91%. The medium smooth reconstruction kernel performed worse (sensitivity 60%, specificity 89%, accuracy 82%).

Conclusion
Compared to invasively measured FFR, FFRCT using a sharp image reconstruction kernel shows higher diagnostic accuracy for detecting lesions causing ischemia, potentially altering decision-making in a clinical setting.

Key Points
• Image reconstruction parameters influence the diagnostic accuracy of simulated fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography.
• Using a sharp kernel image reconstruction algorithm delivers higher diagnostic accuracy compared to medium smooth kernel image reconstruction (gold standard invasive fractional flow reserve).
Osteoid osteoma of the foot
Authors: Smolle Maria A. , Gilg Magdalena M. , Machacek Felix , Smerdelj Miroslav , Tunn Per-Ulf , Mavcic Blaz , Lujic Nenad , Sopta Jelena , Repsa Lauris , Igrec Jasminka , Leithner Andreas , Bergovec Marko 
Published: November 2021

Summary
Background
Osteoid osteomas of the foot are rare, with a varying and atypical clinical as well as radiological presentation impeding early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present multicentre study was to 1) analyze epidemiological, clinical and radiological findings of patients with foot osteoid osteomas and to 2) deduce a diagnostic algorithm based on the findings.

Methods
A total of 37 patients (25 males, 67.6%, mean age 23.9 years, range 8–57 years) with osteoid osteomas of the foot were retrospectively included, treated between 2000 and 2014 at 6 participating tertiary tumor centres. Radiographic images were analyzed, as were patients’ minor and major complaints, pain relief and recurrence.

Results
Most osteoid osteomas were located in the midfoot (n = 16) and hindfoot (n = 14). Painful lesions were present in all but one patient (97.3%). Symptom duration was similar for hindfoot and midfoot/forefoot (p = 0.331). Cortical lesions required fewer x‑rays for diagnosis than lesions at other sites (p = 0.026). A typical nidus could be detected in only 23/37 of x‑rays (62.2%), compared to 25/29 CT scans (86.2%) and 11/22 MRIs (50%). Aspirin test was positive in 18/20 patients (90%), 31 patients (83.8%) underwent open surgery. Pain relief was achieved in 34/36 patients (outcome unknown in one), whilst pain persisted in two patients with later confirmed recurrence.

Conclusions
As previously reported, CT scans seem to be superior to MRIs towards detection of the typical nidus in foot osteoid osteomas. In patients with unclear pain of the foot and inconclusive x‑rays, osteoid osteoma should be considered as differential diagnosis.
Cooling out in der Arbeitswelt: Berufswechsel als Folge eines Mismatch von Habitus und Feld
Authors: Matthies Hildegard 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden Berufswechsel aus der Cooling-out-Perspektive rekonstruiert. Dabei wird das Cooling-out-Konzept in zweierlei Hinsicht erweitert. Erstens wird es mit Blick auf die an Goffman anschließende Diskussion nicht nur als eine von außen auf ein Subjekt gerichtete Selektionsstrategie aufgefasst, sondern auch als eine von innen kommende Strategie der Krisenintervention zur Verarbeitung von beruflichen Enttäuschungen. Zweitens wird ein berufliches Cooling out in Anlehnung an Bourdieu als Folge eines misslungenen Passungsverhältnisses von beruflichen Bewährungsbedingungen und individuellen Dispositionen konzeptualisiert, um die Entweder-oder-Struktur von Selbst- versus Fremdselektion zu überwinden und auch das „Dazwischen“ von Feld und Subjekt in den Blick zu nehmen. Am Beispiel von empirischen Fallstudien unter Berufswechslern wird gezeigt, dass Entscheidungen für einen Berufswechsel keiner der beiden Seiten allein zugeschlagen werden können, sondern lediglich den Endpunkt einer kontinuierlichen biographischen Erfahrungsaufschichtung darstellen, an der individuelle Dispositionen ebenso wie Feldstrukturen ihren Anteil haben.
UVB (290–315 nm) inactivation of the SARS CoV-2 virus as a function of the standard UV index
Authors: Herman Jay , Piacentini Rubén D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe inactivation time for the SARS CoV-2 virus, mostly by a portion of UVB spectrum (290–315 nm) in sunlight, has been estimated using radiative transfer calculations and a relative wavelength sensitivity virus inactivation action spectrum ALS. The action spectrum is adjusted for the SARS CoV-2 virus using a derived UV dose D90 = 3.2 J/m2 for 90% inactivation to match laboratory results for the inactivation of SARS CoV-2 virus droplets on steel mesh. Estimation of the time for 90% inactivation T90 at a specific geographic location can be simplified using the commonly published or calculated UV index (UVI). The use of UVI has the advantage that information on the amount of ozone, the site altitude, and the degree of cloud cover are built into the published UVI calculation. Simple power-law T90(UVI) = a UVIb fitting equations are derived that provide estimates of T90(UVI) for 270 specific locations. Using the results from the 270 locations, a generalized latitude θ dependence is presented for the coefficients a(θ) and b(θ) that enables T90(θ, UVI) to be estimated for 60°S ≤ θ ≤ 60°N and for noon and 2 h around local solar noon.
Teilnahme an mathematischen Vorkursen und langfristiger Studienerfolg. Eine empirische Untersuchung
Authors: Gerdes Arne , Halverscheid Stefan , Schneider Susanne 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungMathematische Vorkurse stellen eine in Deutschland verbreitete Maßnahme zur fachlichen Unterstützung des Übergangs von Schule zu Studium dar. Der Beitrag geht der Frage der Wirksamkeit von Vorkursteilnahme, binär operationalisiert, hinsichtlich der langfristigen Kriterien des erfolgreichen Studienabschlusses nach acht Semestern und der Abschlussnote nach. Da es sich bei Vorkursangeboten in der Regel um optionale Teilnahmen handelt, wird zusätzlich die Selbstselektion der Studienanfängerinnen und -anfänger untersucht. Die Stichprobe bilden $$N=2953$$

N
=
2953

Studierendenfachfälle verschiedener Bachelorstudiengänge der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Im Rahmen der Auswertungen zu Wirksamkeit und Selektion erfolgen die Modellierungen mit bayesscher linearer bzw. logistischer multipler Mehrebenenregression. Die Auswertung zur Wirksamkeit erfolgt auch mit zusätzlicher Entropie-Balancierung. Es zeigen sich unter Kontrolle weiterer Variablen positive Zusammenhänge sowohl von Vorkursteilnahme und erfolgreichem Studienabschluss als auch von Vorkursteilnahme und besseren Abschlussnoten. Eine Selektion der Teilnehmenden zeigt sich hinsichtlich des Geschlechts sowie der Note und des Bundeslands der Hochschulzugangsberechtigung.
Determination of LME sensitivity of zinc-coated steels based on the programmable deformation cracking test
Authors: Meyerdierks M. , Zinke M. , Jüttner S. , Biro E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe current work presents a new test method to evaluate liquid metal embrittlement (LME) susceptibility of zinc-coated steels in arc processes under application-oriented conditions. The procedure is based on the programmable deformation cracking test (PVR test). The PVR test is a variation of a controlled tensile test for hot cracking investigations in arc welding processes. Two dual-phase steels (DP600, DP980) and five transformation-induced plasticity steels (TRIP690, TRIP700, TRIP700, TRIP1100, TRIP1200) were used. The investigations showed that comparable thermo-mechanical loading conditions can be guaranteed for materials of different sheet thicknesses in the PVR test through a targeted adjustment of the heat input per unit length of weld. Furthermore, it was shown that the critical deformation rate $${v}_{cr}$$

v

cr

(used for assessing hot cracking susceptibility) may also be used to assess the LME susceptibility of a particular steel. Furthermore, another LME susceptibility parameter, the relative reduction in load-bearing ability $$\Delta\Sigma$$

Δ
Σ

could be derived, which may be used to understand how LME cracking affects materials’ mechanical and fracture properties.
Rethinking the history of peptic ulcer disease and its relevance for network epistemology
Authors: Radomski Bartosz Michał , Šešelja Dunja , Naumann Kim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe history of the research on peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by a premature abandonment of the bacterial hypothesis, which subsequently had its comeback, leading to the discovery of Helicobacter pylori—the major cause of the disease. In this paper we examine the received view on this case, according to which the primary reason for the abandonment of the bacterial hypothesis in the mid-twentieth century was a large-scale study by a prominent gastroenterologist Palmer, which suggested no bacteria could be found in the human stomach. To this end, we employ the method of digital textual analysis and study the literature on the etiology of PUD published in the decade prior to Palmer’s article. Our findings suggest that the bacterial hypothesis had already been abandoned before the publication of Palmer’s paper, which challenges the widely held view that his study played a crucial role in the development of this episode. In view of this result, we argue that the PUD case does not illustrate harmful effects of a high degree of information flow, as it has frequently been claimed in the literature on network epistemology. Moreover, we argue that alternative examples of harmful effects of a high degree of information flow may be hard to find in the history of science.
Digital Entry-Level Education in Physiotherapy: a Commentary to Inform Post-COVID-19 Future Directions
Authors: Rossettini Giacomo , Turolla Andrea , Gudjonsdottir Bjorg , Kapreli Eleni , Salchinger Beate , Verheyden Geert , Palese Alvisa , Dell’Isola Andrea , de Caro John Xerri 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCurrently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severely influences physiotherapy education which is based mostly on face-to-face teaching. Thus, educators have been compelled to adapt their pedagogical approaches moving to digital education. In this commentary, we debate on digital education highlighting its effectiveness, the users’ perspectives, and its weakness in the context of physiotherapy teaching aimed at informing post-COVID-19 future directions in this educational field. Existing evidence on digital education produced before COVID-19 supports its implementation into entry-level physiotherapy education. However, some challenges (e.g. social inequality and evaluation of students) threaten its applicability in post-COVID-19 era, calling educators to take appropriate actions.
Everyday influence – democracy when health and social care are part of everyday life
Authors: Asaba Eric , Mondaca Margarita , Josephsson Staffan , Johansson Karin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article contributes to ongoing discussions about frailty and vulnerability in critical gerontology by asserting that possibilities to engage and enact influence in everyday life situations is a crucial dimension of democracy in later life. We discuss how democracy in this sense can be threatened for older persons for whom health and social care services are needed, following from the labelling practices of frailty and the non-recognition of the social processes that set capabilities in motion. We utilise three examples grounded in research with older persons in their home environment in a Swedish context. The examples show how older people use creative, emotional, practical and social resources to integrate activities in a manner that address their needs and capabilities, and influence the situations in direction towards how and when to be engaged in everyday activities. Based on a discussion of the examples, we argue that health and social care services that provide and build social infrastructures need to recognise the potential concurrency of interdependency, vulnerability and agency within older persons’ local everyday practices. This to address capabilities and enable concrete expression of democracy in everyday situations. Overall, we suggest that conceptual and methodological shifts in research, as well as policy and practice, are needed to bring democratic processes forward through the relational and situated aspects of resources, agency and influence.
Partnering to cope with pain: A pilot study of a caregiver-assisted pain coping skills intervention for patients with cognitive impairment and dementia
Authors: Porter Laura S. , Weiner Debra K. , Ramos Katherine , Barnes Deborah E. , Schmader Kenneth E. , Gwyther Lisa , Ritchie Christine S. , Keefe Francis J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a new caregiver-assisted pain coping skills training protocol specifically tailored for community-dwelling persons with cognitive impairment and pain, and assess its feasibility and acceptability.MethodIn Phase I, we conducted interviews with 10 patient–caregiver dyads to gather feedback about intervention content and delivery. Phase II was a single-arm pilot test to evaluate the intervention's feasibility and acceptability. Dyads in the pilot study (n = 11) completed baseline surveys, received five intervention sessions, and then completed post-intervention surveys. Analyses focused on feasibility and acceptability.ResultsDyads responded positively to the pain coping skills presented in the interviews; their feedback was used to refine the intervention. Findings from the pilot study suggested that the intervention was feasible and acceptable. 69% of eligible dyads consented, 82% completed all five intervention sessions, and 100% completed the post-treatment assessment. Caregivers reported high satisfaction ratings. They also reported using the pain coping skills on a regular basis, and that they found most of the skills helpful and easy to use.Significance of resultsThese preliminary findings suggest that a caregiver-assisted pain coping skills intervention is feasible and acceptable, and that it may be a promising approach to managing pain in patients with cognitive impairment.
“For private or personal use”: The meaning of the special intent requirement in the war crime of pillage under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Nuzban Yulia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLegislating for international courts and tribunals is a delicate and complex process, which sometimes results in unintended consequences. Arguably, the inclusion of a special intent requirement, also known as dolus specialis, concerning “private or personal use” in the definition of pillage under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is one such consequence. But this is not the only reason why the war crime of pillage deserves special attention. On closer examination, other questions arise concerning its interpretation and application. What is the meaning of “military necessity” and “necessity” in relation to pillage, and how do they correlate with the special intent requirement? To answer these questions, the article examines the drafting history, law and current practice relating to the crime's ambiguous new element. It then proposes several avenues to address the recurring uncertainty regarding its meaning: conservative, radical and pragmatic.
Climate Variability Drives Watersheds Along a Transporter‐Transformer Continuum
Authors: Fazekas Hannah M. , McDowell William H. , Shanley James B. , Wymore Adam S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe examined how climate variability affects the mobilization of material from six watersheds. We analyzed one to seven years of high‐frequency sensor data from a temperate ecosystem and a tropical rainforest. We applied a windowed analysis to correlate concentration‐discharge (C‐Q) behavior with climate anomalies, providing insight into how hydrological and biogeochemical processes change in response to climate variability. Positive precipitation anomalies homogenized the C‐Q responses for dissolved organic matter, nitrate, specific conductance and turbidity, indicating that hydrological processes dominate the C‐Q signal and watersheds act as “conveyor belts” of material. In contrast, drier and warmer conditions led to C‐Q behavior associated with variation in solute concentration, suggesting that biogeochemical processes are a primary control on solute export and their response to flow. Results indicate that climate variability can move watersheds along a continuum from transporter‐to‐transformer of biologically active solutes and responses can potentially vary by biome.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Care: Considerations for Providing Virtual Evidence-Based Care to Youth With High Levels of Needle Fear
Authors: Young Melissa A. , Kawamura Joy , Patten Joanna , Goldstein-Leever Alana , Loren Dorothy , Gold Anna , Munns Catherine , Barrera Maru 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Youth with high levels of needle fear are at risk for adverse health outcomes and poor compliance with general and specialty medical recommendations. With consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increased availability of vaccines, recommendations for adapting and virtually delivering evidence-based interventions for youth with high levels of needle fear are of particular importance for pediatric psychologists. Thus, the purpose of this commentary is to provide an overview of evidence-based interventions and recommendations for pediatric psychologists seeking to adapt and virtually deliver evidence-based interventions to youth with high levels of needle fear. Conclusions: Although pediatric psychologists may face challenges when adapting and virtually delivering exposure-based interventions to youth and their families, the clinical benefits certainly outweigh the costs, particularly considering the increased availability of the COVID-19 vaccine for youth. Implications for Impact Statement Although it is unclear whether COVID-19 vaccinations will be approved for children under 12-years of age and whether subsequent mandates will be implemented, if left unaddressed needle fear may inadvertently perpetuate the pandemic, as it is anticipated that individuals with high levels of needle fear will be more likely to decline vaccination. Thus, with consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic and anticipated rollout of COVID-19 vaccinations for youth, recommendations for pediatric psychologists seeking to adapt and virtually deliver evidence-based interventions to youth with high levels of needle fear are of particular importance.