bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of mycofiltration on water quality
Authors: Chandra Deepshikha , Mishra Ashutosh , Trakroo M. Das , Chauhan Rikhi Singh , Mishra Sarvesh Kumar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe impact of mycofiltration on water quality parameters was examined in the Tarai region of Uttarakhand located at the coordinates of 28°58′ N, 79°25′ E and 252 m asl. The experiment was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 in circular fiberglassreinforced plastic tanks (water volume 4000 L) with seven duplicate treatments having different filtration rates, namely control, T0 (without filtration); T1 (333 L h−1 through mushroom spent bag), T1' (333 L h−1 through RAS system), T2 (167 L h−1 through mushroom spent bag), T2' (167 L h−1 through recirculated aquaculture system (RAS) system), T3 (83 L h−1 through mushroom spent bag), and T3' (83 L h−1 through RAS system) and different water quality parameters, namely physicochemical, heavy metals, and microbial load were analyzed regularly. Each tank was stocked with 100 number of healthy fingerlings of Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo rohita and Cyprinus carpio haematopterus at the rate of 25 fingerlings/m3 in the ratio 3.5:3.5:3.0 and average weight of 20 ± 0.5, 10 ± 0.3 and 10 ± 0.5 g, respectively. The fingerlings were fed daily with 28% crude protein floating feed at the rate of 3–5% body weight. During the experimental period, a lot of improvement was recorded in water quality parameters and microbial loads. The results of the present experiment show that mycofiltration is a better technique for water quality improvement in the fish culture system. The details of the experimental results are described further in the paper.
Test Instrument
Authors: Wess Raphael , Klock Heiner , Siller Hans-Stefan , Greefrath Gilbert 
Published: July 2021

AbstractKey didactic aspects of mathematical modelling (see Sects. 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3), in particular the possibilities of characterising and acquiring modelling competence (see Sects. 1.1.3 and 1.4), were explained in previous sections.
The pp → W(→ lν) + γ process at next-to-next-to-leading order
Authors: Campbell John M. , De Laurentis Giuseppe , Ellis R. Keith , Seth Satyajit 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present details of the calculation of the pp → W(→ lν)γ process at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD, calculated using the jettiness slicing method. The calculation is based entirely on analytic amplitudes. Because of the radiation zero, the NLO QCD contribution from the gq channel is as important as the contribution from the Born $$ q\overline{q} $$
q

q
¯

process, disrupting the normal counting of leading and sub-leading contributions. We also assess the importance of electroweak (EW) corrections, including the EW corrections to both the six-parton channel 0 →$$ \overline{u} d\nu {e}^{+}\gamma g $$

u
¯

dν

e
+

γg
and the five-parton channel 0 →$$ \overline{u} d\nu {e}^{+}\gamma $$

u
¯

dν

e
+

γ
. Previous experimental results have been shown to agree with theoretical predictions, taking into account the large experimental errors. With the advent of run II data from the LHC, the statistical errors on the data will decrease, and will be competitive with the error on theoretical predictions for the first time. We present numerical results for $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 7 and 13 TeV. Analytic results for the one-loop six-parton QCD amplitude and the tree-level seven-parton QCD amplitude are presented in appendices.
(2, 2) Scattering and the celestial torus
Authors: Atanasov Alexander , Ball Adam , Melton Walker , Raclariu Ana-Maria , Strominger Andrew 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Analytic continuation from Minkowski space to (2, 2) split signature spacetime has proven to be a powerful tool for the study of scattering amplitudes. Here we show that, under this continuation, null infinity becomes the product of a null interval with a celestial torus (replacing the celestial sphere) and has only one connected component. Spacelike and timelike infinity are time-periodic quotients of AdS3. These three components of infinity combine to an S3 represented as a toric fibration over the interval. Privileged scattering states of scalars organize into SL(2, ℝ)L×SL(2, ℝ)R conformal primary wave functions and their descendants with real integral or half-integral conformal weights, giving the normally continuous scattering problem a discrete character.
Perfusion Changes in Acute Stroke Treated with Theophylline as an Add-on to Thrombolysis
Authors: Modrau Boris , Winder Anthony , Hjort Niels , Nygård Johansen Martin , Andersen Grethe , Fiehler Jens , Vorum Henrik , Forkert Nils D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Theophylline has been suggested to have a neuroprotective effect in ischemic stroke; however, results from animal stroke models and clinical trials in humans are controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of theophylline on the cerebral perfusion with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
The relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and relative mean transit time (rMTT) in the infarct core, penumbra, and unaffected tissue were measured using multi-parametric MRI at baseline and 3‑h follow-up in patients treated with theophylline or placebo as an add-on to thrombolytic therapy.

Results
No significant differences in mean rCBF, rCBV, and rMTT was found in the penumbra and unaffected tissue between the theophylline group and the control group between baseline and 3‑h follow-up. In the infarct core, mean rCBV increased on average by 0.05 in the theophylline group and decreased by 0.14 in the control group (p < 0.04). Mean rCBF and mean rMTT in the infarct core were similar between the two treatment groups.

Conclusion
The results indicate that theophylline does not change the perfusion in potentially salvageable penumbral tissue but only affects the rCBV in the infarct core. In contrast to the penumbra, the infarct core is unlikely to be salvageable, which might explain why theophylline failed in clinical trials.
Gezielte Beeinflussung umformtechnisch induzierter Eigenspannungen beim Drahtziehen
Authors: Baumann Markus , Selbmann René , Dobecki Mateus , Kräusel Verena , Reimers Walter , Bergmann Markus 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungNach dem Drahtziehen treten hohe Zugeigenspannungen in den oberflächennahen Schichten des Drahtes auf. Dieser Eigenspannungszustand ist für die weitere umformtechnische Verarbeitung, z. B. für das Biegen zur Herstellung von Torsionstabfedern, ungeeignet. Nach derzeitigen Standards wird dem Drahtziehen eine Wärmebehandlung nachgeschaltet. In diesem Artikel wird ein neuer Ansatz zur Einstellung des Eigenspannungszustandes direkt im Umformprozess des Drahtes vorgestellt. Durch eine Modifikation der Ziehwerkzeuge mit integrierten Umformelementen sollen niedrigere Zugspannungsniveaus in den oberflächennahen Schichten des Drahtes erzeugt werden. Diese Elemente haben wesentlichen Einfluss auf den Grad der Kaltverfestigung, ohne den Drahtdurchmesser zu verändern. Zunächst werden mittels FE-Simulationen verschiedene Werkzeuggeometrien hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung auf den Umformgrad sowie den Eigenspannungszustand des gezogenen Drahtes analysiert und bewertet. Durch den Einsatz eines speziell konzipierten Drahtziehwerkzeugs werden experimentelle Versuche durchgeführt und Drahtproben erzeugt. Weiterhin wird die Vorgehensweise für die Messung der Eigenspannungen durch den Einsatz von Röntgenbeugung erläutert. Für weiterführende experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Biegen erfolgte die Konzipierung eines modularen Werkzeuges, das eine Variation der Biegeradien und Drahtdurchmesser ermöglicht.
Assessment of the uncertainty in spatial-correlation models for earthquake ground motion due to station layout and derivation method
Authors: Schiappapietra Erika , Douglas John 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe evaluation of the aggregate risks to spatially distributed infrastructures and portfolios of buildings requires quantification of the estimated shaking over a region. To characterize the spatial dependency of ground motion intensity measures (e.g. peak ground acceleration), a common geostatistical tool is the semivariogram. Over the past decades, different fitting approaches have been proposed in the geostatistics literature to fit semivariograms and thus characterize the correlation structure. A theoretically optimal approach has not yet been identified, as it depends on the number of observations and configuration layout. In this article, we investigate estimation methods based on the likelihood function, which, in contrast to classical least-squares methods, straightforwardly define the correlation without needing further steps, such as computing the experimental semivariogram. Our outcomes suggest that maximum-likelihood based approaches may outperform least-squares methods. Indeed, the former provides correlation estimates, that do not depend on the bin size, unlike ordinary and weighted least-squares regressions. In addition, maximum-likelihood methods lead to lower percentage errors and dispersion, independently of both the number of stations and their layout as well as of the underlying spatial correlation structure. Finally, we propose some guidelines to account for spatial correlation uncertainty within seismic hazard and risk assessments. The consideration of such dispersion in regional assessments could lead to more realistic estimations of both the ground motion and corresponding losses.
Fatigue and resting-state functional brain networks in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy
Authors: Bekele Biniam Melese , Luijendijk Maryse , Schagen Sanne B. , de Ruiter Michiel , Douw Linda 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This longitudinal study aimed to disentangle the impact of chemotherapy on fatigue and hypothetically associated functional brain network alterations.

Methods
In total, 34 breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy (BCC +), 32 patients not treated with chemotherapy (BCC −), and 35 non-cancer controls (NC) were included. Fatigue was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 fatigue subscale at two time points: baseline (T1) and six months after completion of chemotherapy or matched intervals (T2). Participants also underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). An atlas spanning 90 cortical and subcortical brain regions was used to extract time series, after which Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to construct a brain network per participant per timepoint. Network measures of local segregation and global integration were compared between groups and timepoints and correlated with fatigue.

Results
As expected, fatigue increased over time in the BCC + group (p = 0.025) leading to higher fatigue compared to NC at T2 (p = 0.023). Meanwhile, fatigue decreased from T1 to T2 in the BCC − group (p = 0.013). The BCC + group had significantly lower local efficiency than NC at T2 (p = 0.033), while a negative correlation was seen between fatigue and local efficiency across timepoints and all participants (T1 rho = − 0.274, p = 0.006; T2 rho = − 0.207, p = 0.039).

Conclusion
Although greater fatigue and lower local functional network segregation co-occur in breast cancer patients after chemotherapy, the relationship between the two generalized across participant subgroups, suggesting that local efficiency is a general neural correlate of fatigue.
Dynamic Integrated Model for Assessing Fisheries: Discard Bans as an Implicit Value-Added Tax
Authors: Da Rocha Jose Maria , García-Cutrín Javier , Gutiérrez Maria-Jose , Prellezo Raul , Sanchez Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntegrated economic models have become popular for assessing climate change. In this paper we show how these methods can be used to assess the impact of a discard ban in a fishery. We state that a discard ban can be understood as a confiscatory tax equivalent to a value-added tax. Under this framework, we show that a discard ban improves the sustainability of the fishery in the short run and increases economic welfare in the long run. In particular, we show that consumption, capital and wages show an initial decrease just after the implementation of the discard ban then recover after some periods to reach their steady-sate values, which are 16–20% higher than the initial values, depending on the valuation of the landed discards. The discard ban also improves biological variables, increasing landings by 14% and reducing discards by 29% on the initial figures. These patterns highlight the two channels through which discard bans affect a fishery: the tax channel, which shows that the confiscation of landed discards reduces the incentive to invest in the fishery; and the productivity channel, which increases the abundance of the stock. Thus, during the first few years after the implementation of a discard ban, the negative effect from the tax channel dominates the positive effect from the productivity channel, because the stock needs time to recover. Once stock abundance improves, the productivity channel dominates the tax channel and the economic variables rise above their initial levels. Our results also show that a landed discards valorisation policy is optimal from the social welfare point of view provided that incentives to increase discards are not created.
Verification and Strategy Synthesis for Coalition Announcement Logic
Authors: Alechina Natasha , van Ditmarsch Hans , Galimullin Rustam , Wang Tuo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCoalition announcement logic (CAL) is one of the family of the logics of quantified announcements. It allows us to reason about what a coalition of agents can achieve by making announcements in the setting where the anti-coalition may have an announcement of their own to preclude the former from reaching its epistemic goals. In this paper, we describe a PSPACE-complete model checking algorithm for CAL that produces winning strategies for coalitions. The algorithm is implemented in a proof-of-concept model checker.
Learning to design effective professional development: The influence of integrating a coaching tool with an elementary mathematics specialist course assignment
Authors: Baker Courtney K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs content-specific educational coaches, elementary mathematics specialists (EMSs) have emerged as school-based professionals who are needs-driven and work closely with school stakeholders in regard to mathematics teaching and learning. While leading mathematics education organizations have identified the specialized knowledge and skills required for EMS positions, how to best prepare these individuals is knowledge that the field is still exploring. This paper first presents a theoretical model for EMS preparation that aligns an emerging coaching tool, the Decision-Making Protocol for Mathematics Coaching (Baker & Knapp, 2019, [DMPMC]) with the Professional Development Design Framework (Loucks-Horsley et al. in Designing professional development for teachers of science and mathematics, Corwin Press, 2010). The paper then presents a descriptive case study that examines the application of this model in an EMS preparation course. The findings indicate that assessing the coaching situation fostered administrative partnerships, revisiting goals increased specificity of anticipated outcomes, and applying research-informed practices increased EMS self-efficacy and advanced coaching agendas. Taken together, these findings suggest that integrating the DMPMC into an EMS preparation course led to positive changes in EMS candidate learning of professional development design. Notably, this is one of the first studies that documents the influence of a coaching education tool on EMS candidates’ professional development design.
Multi-scale waterfowl habitat conservation planning in Wisconsin, USA
Authors: Palumbo Matthew D. , Straub Jacob N. , Al-Saffar Mohammed A. , Soulliere Gregory J. , Fleener Jason L. , Bergeson Mitchell T. , Coluccy John M. , Cruz Andrew , Finger Taylor , Fowler Drew N. , Glenzinski Brian J. , Griffin Rusty K. , Hygnstrom Scott E. , Kidd Greg , Miller Nicholas A. , Van Horn Kent , Waterstradt Kurt 
Published: July 2021

AbstractContextThe North American Waterfowl Management Plan and the Upper Mississippi River/Great Lakes Joint Venture waterfowl habitat conservation strategy provide continental and regional guidance, respectively, for waterfowl habitat conservation planning. They were not designed to guide watershed- scale waterfowl habitat delivery.ObjectiveOur goal was to develop a waterfowl habitat decision support framework for the state of Wisconsin using biological and social criteria to guide state and local-scale practitioners with an explicit link to larger scale objectives.MethodsWe engaged a core group of wetland and waterfowl experts to decide upon decision support layers relevant to biological and social objectives, evaluate variables, establish weights, and review model outputs for reasonableness and accuracy. We used spatial analyst tools, kernel density estimators, and weighted sums to create spatially explicit models to identify landscapes and watersheds important for waterfowl. We identified habitat resources that exist currently (Conservation Capital) and considered potential resources (Conservation Opportunities) which could enhance wetland restoration efforts.ResultsWe developed a transparent framework to identify and prioritize landscapes for conserving waterfowl habitat at the Hydrologic Unit Code 12 watershed scale in Wisconsin, by maintaining continental and regional priorities, and including local landscape characteristics, biological criteria, and researcher, manager, and biologist expertise.ConclusionsLocal detail is critical for implementing waterfowl habitat delivery and making efficient use of limited funds for conservation but can be more abstract in larger regional or continental conservation planning. Our models are science-based, transparent, defensible, and can be modified as social, political, biological, and environmental forces change.
Asymptotic relative submajorization of multiple-state boxes
Authors: Bunth Gergely , Vrana Péter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPairs of states, or “boxes” are the basic objects in the resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability (Wang and Wilde in Phys Rev Res 1(3):033170, 2019. 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033170), where free operations are arbitrary quantum channels that are applied to both states. From this point of view, hypothesis testing is seen as a process by which a standard form of distinguishability is distilled. Motivated by the more general problem of quantum state discrimination, we consider boxes of a fixed finite number of states and study an extension of the relative submajorization preorder to such objects. In this relation, a tuple of positive operators is greater than another if there is a completely positive trace nonincreasing map under which the image of the first tuple satisfies certain semidefinite constraints relative to the other one. This preorder characterizes error probabilities in the case of testing a composite null hypothesis against a simple alternative hypothesis, as well as certain error probabilities in state discrimination. We present a sufficient condition for the existence of catalytic transformations between boxes, and a characterization of an associated asymptotic preorder, both expressed in terms of sandwiched Rényi divergences. This characterization of the asymptotic preorder directly shows that the strong converse exponent for a composite null hypothesis is equal to the maximum of the corresponding exponents for the pairwise simple hypothesis testing tasks.
On logicality and natural logic
Authors: Pistoia-Reda Salvatore , San Mauro Luca 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper we focus on the logicality of language, i.e. the idea that the language system contains a deductive device to exclude analytic constructions. Puzzling evidence for the logicality of language comes from acceptable contradictions and tautologies. The standard response in the literature involves assuming that the language system only accesses analyticities that are due to skeletons as opposed to standard logical forms. In this paper we submit evidence in support of alternative accounts of logicality, which reject the stipulation of a natural logic and assume instead the meaning modulation of nonlogical terms.
Exploring Buddhism as a ‘Tool’ to Support Well-Being: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Western Adopters’ Experiences
Authors: Laurent Li , Sheffield David , Holland Fiona 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBuddhism is an ancient religion and philosophy of living that is practised worldwide. More recent interest in mindfulness as a practice and intervention in the West has highlighted Buddhist-derived concepts as useful in supporting health and well-being. As a result, the desire to understand Buddhism in its more complete form has strengthened. Although research into mindfulness and compassion is growing, there is a new interest in second-generation mindfulness, i.e. interventions that draw upon a more holistic use of Buddhist practices. To date, little research has explored this in Western contexts. For the current study, Nichiren Buddhists from the United Kingdom who had been practising for at least three years were recruited. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore their experience of this practice and how it informed their approach to daily life and, in particular, their health and well-being. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was employed as a method to understand the participants’ experiences. Three themes were generated using an inductive approach: (1) finding meaning—“All experiences have got so much value now”— which reflected the participants’ determination to seek purpose and value in all aspects of their life; (2) Buddhism as a needed ‘tool’—“I use it all the time”—which revealed their practice as an important method to help them manage their lives; and (3) agency—“I’m in control of my destiny”—which highlighted the participants’ engagement (supported by their Buddhist practice) in taking responsibility for their actions and responses. Findings indicate the need for future studies to further explore Buddhism as a mechanism for enhancing and sustaining well-being.
Calmness of Linear Constraint Systems under Structured Perturbations with an Application to the Path-Following Scheme
Authors: Argáez C. , Cánovas M.J. , Parra J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe are concerned with finite linear constraint systems in a parametric framework where the right-hand side is an affine function of the perturbation parameter. Such structured perturbations provide a unified framework for different parametric models in the literature, as block, directional and/or partial perturbations of both inequalities and equalities. We extend some recent results about calmness of the feasible set mapping and provide an application to the convergence of a certain path-following algorithmic scheme. We underline the fact that our formula for the calmness modulus depends only on the nominal data, which makes it computable in practice.
The future ain’t what it used to be
Authors: Andreoletti Giacomo , Spolaore Giuseppe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper explores mutable futurism, the view according to which the future can literally change—that is, it can happen that a future time t changes from containing an event E to lacking it (or vice versa). Mutable futurism has received little attention so far, and the details and implications of the view are underexplored in the literature. For instance, it currently lacks a precise metaphysical model and a formal semantics. Although we do not endorse mutable futurism, our goal here is to strengthen the case for mutable futurism and help establish it as a worthy contender in the debate on the philosophy of time. To attain this goal, (i) we try to make mutable futurism, along with its metaphysical and inferential commitments, as clear as possible, by providing it with a coherent metaphysical model and a plausible semantics, and (ii) we show that it can be backed by theoretical reasons.