bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Warm-Up and Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion on 4-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance
Authors: Gurton William H. , Faulkner Steve H. , James Ruth M. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To examine whether an ecologically valid, intermittent, sprint-based warm-up strategy impacted the ergogenic capacity of individualized sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on 4-km cycling time-trial (TT) performance. Methods: A total of 8 male cyclists attended 6 laboratory visits for familiarization, determination of time to peak blood bicarbonate, and 4 × 4-km cycling TTs. Experimental beverages were administered doubleblind. Treatments were conducted in a block-randomized, crossover order: intermittent warm-up + NaHCO3 (IWSB), intermittent warm-up + placebo, control warm-up + NaHCO3 (CWSB), and control warm-up + placebo (CWP). The intermittent warm-up comprised exercise corresponding to lactate threshold (5 min at 50%, 2 min at 60%, 2 min at 80%, 1 min at 100%, and 2 min at 50%) and 3 × 10-second maximal sprints. The control warm-up comprised 16.5 minutes cycling at 150 W. Participants ingested 0.3 g·kg body mass−1 NaHCO3 or 0.03 g·kg body mass−1 sodium chloride (placebo) in 5 mL·kg body mass−1 fluid (3:2, water and sugar-free orange squash). Paired t tests were conducted for TT performance. Hematological data (blood bicarbonate and blood lactate) and gastrointestinal discomfort were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: Performance was faster for CWSB versus IWSB (5.0 [6.1] s; P = .052) and CWP (5.8 [6.0] s; P = .03). Pre-TT bicarbonate concentration was elevated for CWSB versus IWSB (+9.3 mmol·L−1; P < .001) and CWP (+7.1 mmol·L−1; P < .001). Post-TT blood lactate concentration was elevated for CWSB versus CWP (+2.52 mmol·L−1; P = .022). Belching was exacerbated pre-warm-up for IWSB versus intermittent warm-up +placebo (P = .046) and CWP (P = .027). Conclusion: An intermittent, sprint-based warm-up mitigated the ergogenic benefits of NaHCO3 ingestion on 4-km cycling TT performance.
Validation of an Adapted Questionnaire for Outdoor Walking Among Older Adults: The CHAMPS-OUTDOORS
Authors: Akinrolie Olayinka , Webber Sandra C. , Salbach Nancy M. , Barclay Ruth 
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the construct and known-groups validity of the total score of five items adapted from the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire to measure outdoor walking (CHAMPS-OUTDOORS) in older adults. Data from the baseline assessment of the Getting Older Adult OUTdoors (GO-OUT) trial were used. Construct validity of the CHAMPS-OUTDOORS used objective measures of outdoor walking (accelerometry–GPS), Ambulatory Self-Confidence Questionnaire, RAND-36, 6-min walk test, 10-m walk test, and Mini-Balance Evaluation System Test. For known-groups validity, we compared the CHAMPS-OUTDOORS of those who walked < or ≥1.2 m/s. Sixty-five participants had an average age of 76.5 ± 7.8 years. The CHAMPS-OUTDOORS was moderately correlated with total outdoor walking time (r = .33) and outdoor steps (r = .33) per week measured by accelerometry-GPS, and weakly correlated with Mini-Balance Evaluation System Test score (r = .27). The CHAMPS-OUTDOORS did not distinguish known groups based on crosswalk speed (p = .33). The CHAMPS-OUTDOORS may be used to assess outdoor walking in the absence of accelerometry GPS. Further research examining reliability is needed.
Numerical-Analytical Study of Linked Orbits in the Restricted Elliptic Doubly Averaged Three-Body Problem
Authors: Vashkov’yak M. A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The restricted elliptic doubly averaged three-body problem is considered. The terms up to the second order inclusive with respect to the orbital eccentricity of the perturbing body are retained in the expansion of the perturbing function. The elements of the elliptical orbit for the perturbed body are deemed arbitrary. The special, so-called linked orbits of a negligible-mass body are investigated by numerically integrating the averaged equations in Keplerian elements. For such orbits the points of their intersection with the orbital plane of the perturbing body are on different sides of this orbit. The evolution of hypothetical and some real cometary orbits is described in the simplest Sun-Jupiter-comet model; their differences from the corresponding orbits in the circular problem have been revealed.
Trigger finger is associated with risk of incident cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mineoka Yusuke , Ishii Michiyo , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Yuge Hiroki , Toyoda Machiko , Nakamura Naoto , Katsumi Yasukazu , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionTrigger finger is one of the complications affecting the upper extremity in patients with diabetes. Diabetes is also a well-known risk factor that predisposes individuals to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This retrospective cohort study aimed to establish the association between trigger finger and the patients with incident CVD with type 2 diabetes.Materials and methodsTrigger finger was diagnosed by palpating a thickened tendon during ﬂexion or on the manifestation of a locking phenomenon during extension or ﬂexion of either ﬁnger. The relationship between trigger finger and other clinical parameters or complications of diabetes was examined by a comparative analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between trigger finger and incidence of CVD. We calculated the propensity scores using sex, body mass index, age, smoking status, duration of diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hemoglobin A1c as the number of patients with incident CVD during the follow-up period was low.ResultsAmong the 399 patients with type 2 diabetes, 54 patients had trigger finger. Patients with trigger finger were significantly older in age and had been suffering from diabetes for a longer duration. They also displayed worse renal function and glycemic control, along with a higher incidence of hypertension, neuropathy and nephropathy. During the average 5.66±1.12 years of follow-up, a total of 18 incidents occurred. According to the Cox regression analysis, trigger finger was shown to be associated with enhanced risk of the incidence of CVD after adjustment for the covariates (adjusted HR=3.33 (95% CI 1.25 to 8.66), p=0.017).ConclusionsTrigger finger is associated with the risk of incident CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, clinicians must consider these factors at the time of diagnosis of such patients.
Delivering nutrition interventions to women and children in conflict settings: a systematic review
Authors: Shah Shailja , Padhani Zahra Ali , Als Daina , Munyuzangabo Mariella , Gaffey Michelle F , Ahmed Wardah , Siddiqui Fahad J , Meteke Sarah , Kamali Mahdis , Jain Reena P , Radhakrishnan Amruta , Ataullahjan Anushka , Das Jai K , Bhutta Zulfiqar A 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundLow/middle-income countries (LMICs) face triple burden of malnutrition associated with infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases. This review aims to synthesise the available data on the delivery, coverage, and effectiveness of the nutrition programmes for conflict affected women and children living in LMICs.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases and grey literature using terms related to conflict, population, and nutrition. We searched studies on women and children receiving nutrition-specific interventions during or within five years of a conflict in LMICs. We extracted information on population, intervention, and delivery characteristics, as well as delivery barriers and facilitators. Data on intervention coverage and effectiveness were tabulated, but no meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsNinety-one pubblications met our inclusion criteria. Nearly half of the publications (n=43) included population of sub-Saharan Africa (n=31) followed by Middle East and North African region. Most publications (n=58) reported on interventions targeting children under 5 years of age, and pregnant and lactating women (n=27). General food distribution (n=34), micronutrient supplementation (n=27) and nutrition assessment (n=26) were the most frequently reported interventions, with most reporting on intervention delivery to refugee populations in camp settings (n=63) and using community-based approaches. Only eight studies reported on coverage and effectiveness of intervention. Key delivery facilitators included community advocacy and social mobilisation, effective monitoring and the integration of nutrition, and other sectoral interventions and services, and barriers included insufficient resources, nutritional commodity shortages, security concerns, poor reporting, limited cooperation, and difficulty accessing and following-up of beneficiaries.DiscussionDespite the focus on nutrition in conflict settings, our review highlights important information gaps. Moreover, there is very little information on coverage or effectiveness of nutrition interventions; more rigorous evaluation of effectiveness and delivery approaches is needed, including outside of camps and for preventive as well as curative nutrition interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019125221.
Action plans in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a qualitative study—‘I do what I can do’
Authors: Kalluri Meena , Younus Sarah , Archibald Nathan , Richman-Eisenstat Janice , Pooler Charlotte 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, incurable fibrotic lung disease in which patients and caregivers report a high symptom burden. Symptoms are often poorly managed and patients and caregivers struggle to alleviate their distress in the absence of self-management support.AimTo explore perceptions of symptoms, symptom management strategies and self-efficacy for patients with IPF and caregivers who received self-management education and action plans created and provided in a Multidisciplinary Collaborative Interstitial Lung Disease (MDC-ILD) Clinic.DesignA qualitative study was conducted with participants recruited from the MDC-ILD Clinic. Participants received an early integrated palliative approach; most attended ILD pulmonary rehabilitation and some received home care support. Semistructured interviews were conducted. Patient participants completed Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP) for symptom assessment and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Self-Efficacy Scale to assess self-management efficacy.ResultsThirteen patients and eight self-declared caregiver participants were interviewed. IPF severity ranged from mild to advanced disease. Participants integrated and personalised self-management strategies. They were intentional and confident, focused on living well and engaged in anticipatory planning. Twelve participants completed the MYMOP. Five reported dyspnoea. Four reported fatigue as an additional or only symptom. One reported cough. Five declared no dyspnoea, cough or fatigue. Participants reported 80% self-efficacy in symptom management.ConclusionsThe approach to symptom self-management and education was beneficial to patients with IPF and caregiver participants. Participants personalised the strategies, focusing on living, and planned both in the moment and for the future. They were confident and expressed dignity and meaning in their lives.
Prognostic implications of left atrial dilation in aortic regurgitation due to bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Butcher Steele C , Fortuni Federico , Kong William , Vollema E Mara , Prevedello Francesca , Perry Rebecca , Ng Arnold Chin Tse , Poh Kian Keong , Almeida Ana G , González-Gómez Ariana , Shen Mylène , Yeo Tiong-Cheng , Shanks Miriam , Popescu Bogdan A , Galian-Gay Laura , Fijalkowski Marcin , Liang Michael , Tay Edgar , Ajmone Marsan Nina , Selvanayagam Joseph B , Pinto Fausto J , Zamorano José , Pibarot Philippe , Evangelista Arturo , Bax Jeroen J , Delgado Victoria 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the prognostic value of left atrial volume index (LAVI) in patients with moderate to severe aortic regurgitation (AR) and bicuspid aortic valve (BAV).Methods554 individuals (45 (IQR 33–57) years, 80% male) with BAV and moderate or severe AR were selected from an international, multicentre registry. The association between LAVI and the combined endpoint of all-cause mortality or aortic valve surgery was investigated with Cox proportional hazard regression analyses.ResultsDilated LAVI was observed in 181 (32.7%) patients. The mean indexed aortic annulus, sinus of Valsalva, sinotubular junction and ascending aorta diameters were 13.0±2.0 mm/m2, 19.4±3.7 mm/m2, 16.5±3.8 mm/m2and 20.4±4.5 mm/m2, respectively. After a median follow-up of 23 (4–82) months, 272 patients underwent aortic valve surgery (89%) or died (11%). When compared with patients with normal LAVI (<35 mL/m2), those with a dilated LAVI (≥35 mL/m2) had significantly higher rates of aortic valve surgery or mortality (43% and 60% vs 23% and 36%, at 1 and 5 years of follow-up, respectively, p<0.001). Dilated LAVI was independently associated with reduced event-free survival (HR=1.450, 95% CI 1.085 to 1.938, p=0.012) after adjustment for LV ejection fraction, aortic root diameter, LV end-diastolic diameter and LV end-systolic diameter.ConclusionsIn this large, multicentre registry of patients with BAV and moderate to severe AR, left atrial dilation was independently associated with reduced event-free survival. The role of this parameter for the risk stratification of individuals with significant AR merits further investigation.
Improving selection of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to benefit from cetuximab based on KIR genotypes
Authors: Manzanares-Martin Barbara , Cebrián Aranda Arancha , del Puerto-Nevado Laura , González Rafael , Solanes Sonia , Gómez-España Maria Auxiliadora , García-Foncillas Jesús , Aranda Enrique 
Published: April 2021

AimCetuximab is a standard-of-care treatment forKRASwild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but it may also be effective in a subgroup ofKRASmutant patients by its immunomodulatory activity. Here, we explore if KIR (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor) genotyping can provide a significant added value in the clinical outcome of patients withKRASmutant mCRC based on cetuximab treatment.MethodsWe included 69 patients with histologically confirmed mCRC andKRASmutation, positive EGFR expression, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2. Based on KIR gene content, haplotype (A or B) was defined and genotypes (AA or Bx) were grouped for each patient.ResultsWe demonstrated with new evidence the immunomodulatory activity of cetuximab in patients withKRASmutant mCRC. Patients with homozygous genotypes (AA or BB) showed shorter 12-month progression-free survival (PFS12) and poorer overall survival (OS) than those with heterozygotes (AB). Moreover, multivariate analysis confirmed stratification of patients based on genotype was an independent marker of PFS12 (HR 2.16) and the centromeric and telomeric distribution of KIRs was an independent predictor of both PFS12 (HR 2.26) and OS (HR 1.93) in patients with mCRC withKRASmutation treated with cetuximab.ConclusionsSelection of patients with mCRC based on their KIR genotypes opens a therapeutic opportunity for patients withKRASmutation, and it should be tested in clinical trials in comparison with other alternatives with scarce benefit.Trial registration numberNCT01450319, EudraCT 2010-023580-18.
Breastfeeding in women with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Ikram Naira , Eudy Amanda , Clowse Megan E B 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveMany rheumatologists and women with rheumatic disease worry that the disease or treatment will prevent breast feeding. International guidelines establish, however, that most antirheumatic medications are compatible with breast feeding. We sought to identify the frequency and predictors of desire to and actually breast feeding in women with rheumatic diseases.MethodsPregnant women with rheumatic disease were enrolled prospectively. Demographics and breastfeeding intention were collected at study entry, while actual breastfeeding decision was recorded postpartum. Maternal diagnosis, demographics and medication use was collected throughout the study. Predictors of breast feeding and intention were identified using stepwise logistic regression.ResultsA total of 265 pregnancies were included in the study, 88 with SLE, 33 with undifferentiated connective tissue disease, 100 with arthritis and 44 with other rare rheumatic diagnoses. Of these, 79% intended to breastfeed, 84% of women ever breast fed and 65% were still breast feeding at an average of 7.6 weeks postpartum. Medication concern was the most commonly cited reason not to breastfeed though only 5% of women were taking or planning to start a non-lactation compatible medication at their postpartum visit. In multivariate analysis, women with a college degree were more likely and women with SLE were less likely to intend to breastfeed. Actual breast feeding was most strongly predicted by the woman’s intention to breastfeed, but also increased with maternal age, decreased if the baby was born preterm and decreased the further the postpartum appointment occurred from delivery.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the majority of women with rheumatic disease want to and can breastfeed successfully. Additionally, very few women required a medication that was not compatible with breast feeding to control their rheumatic disease in the postpartum period. Despite this, an important minority of patients did not continue breast feeding due to their personal concerns about the risks of antirheumatic medications to their infant.
First multicenter experience using the Silk Vista flow diverter in 60 consecutive intracranial aneurysms: technical aspects
Authors: Martínez-Galdámez Mario , Onal Yilmaz , Cohen José E , Kalousek Vladimir , Rivera Rodrigo , Sordo Juan Gabriel , Echeverria Daniel , Pereira Vitor M , Blasco Jordi , Mardighian Dikran , Velioglu Murat , van Adel Brian , Wang Bill Hao , Gomori J Moshe , Filioglo Andrei , Čulo Branimir , Lynch Jeremy , Binboga Ali Burak , Onay Mehmet , Galvan Fernandez Jorge , Schüller Arteaga Miguel , Guio Jose David , Bhogal Pervinder , Makalanda Levan , Wong Ken , Aggour Mohamed , Gentric Jean Christophe , Gavrilovic Vladimir , Navia Pedro , Fernandez Prieto Andrés , González Eva , Aldea Jesus , López Jose Luis , Lorenzo-Gorriz Antonio , Madelrieux Thomas , Rouchaud Aymeric , Mounayer Charbel 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the technical success and procedural safety of the new Silk Vista device (SV) by evaluating the intraprocedural and periprocedural complication rate after its use in several institutions worldwide.MethodsThe study involved a retrospective review of multicenter data regarding a consecutive series of patients with intracranial aneurysms, treated with the SV between September 2020 and January 2021. Clinical, intra/periprocedural and angiographic data, including approach, materials used, aneurysm size and location, device/s, technical details and initial angiographic aneurysm occlusion, were analyzed.Results60 aneurysms were treated with SV in 57 procedures. 66 devices were used, 3 removed and 63 implanted. The devices opened instantaneously in 60 out of 66 (91%) cases and complete wall apposition was achieved in 58 out of 63 (92%) devices implanted. In 4 out of 66 (6%) devices a partial opening of the distal end occurred, and in 5 (8%) devices incomplete apposition was reported. There were 3 (5%) intraprocedural thromboembolic events managed successfully with no permanent neurological morbidity, and 4 (7%) postprocedural events. There was no mortality in this study. The initial occlusion rates in the 60 aneurysms were as follows: O’Kelly–Marotta (OKM) A in 34 (57%) cases, OKM B in 15 (25%) cases, OKM C in 6 (10%) cases, and OKM D in 5 (8%) cases.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that the use of the new flow diverter Silk Vista for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms is feasible and technically safe.
Are patients with rheumatic diseases on immunosuppressive therapies protected against preventable infections? A cross-sectional cohort study
Authors: Kiltz Uta , Celik Aylin , Tsiami Styliani , Buehring Bjoern , Baraliakos Xenofon , Andreica Ioana , Kiefer David , Braun Juergen 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of infections, prevalence of hospitalisation due to infections, the vaccination status and perceived screening of infections prior to the start of biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) of a patient cohort with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD).MethodsConsecutive CIRD patients reporting to our specialised centre were prospectively included (n=975) in this cross-sectional study. Data on comorbidities including infections, treatment, vaccination status, screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and hepatitis B (HepB) were collected. Antibodies against measles and HepB were measured by ELISA. The vaccination status was assessed by a predefined vaccination score (0–26) categorising patients into four immunisation states: low (0–6), moderate (7–13), good (14–20), high (21–26).ResultsAll patients on bDMARDs (n=499) were screened for LTBI, and 469 for HepB (94%). All LTBI patients (n=16) received isoniazid (3.2%) and 16 chronic HepB patients received lamivudine (3.4%). Protective measles specific IgG-antibodies were found in 901 patients (92.4%). Although 629 patients were educated about vaccination strategies (64.5%), only 540 showed a vaccination card (55.4%). Only 49% of patients had undergone pneumococcal vaccination and less than 30% were protected against HepB and influenza, while 7.6% have not protective antibody titres against measles. No patient met the German national vaccination recommendations requiring a complete documentation of vaccines. The mean vaccination score was 13.3±4.2 with 5.7% of patients having a low, 43.9% a moderate, 47.0% a good and 3.3% a high score.ConclusionsThe majority of CIRD patients are n0t sufficiently vaccinated against pneumococci, HepB, influenza and measles. Although CIRD patients and general practitioners regularly receive professional information about the need of vaccination, vaccination rates were low to moderate. Interdisciplinary quality projects should be planned to change that inacceptable result.
Price response functions and spread impact in correlated financial markets
Authors: Henao-Londono Juan C. , Krause Sebastian M. , Guhr Thomas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRecent research on the response of stock prices to trading activity revealed long-lasting effects, even across stocks of different companies. These results imply non-Markovian effects in price formation and when trading many stocks at the same time, in particular trading costs and price correlations. How the price response is measured depends on data set and research focus. However, it is important to clarify how the details of the price response definition modify the results. Here, we evaluate different price response implementations for the Trades and Quotes (TAQ) data set from the NASDAQ stock market and find that the results are qualitatively the same for two different definitions of time scale, but the response can vary by up to a factor of two. Furthermore, we show the key importance of the order between trade signs and returns, displaying the changes in the signal strength. Moreover, we confirm the dominating contribution of immediate price response directly after a trade, as we find that delayed responses are suppressed. Finally, we test the impact of the spread in the price response, detecting that large spreads have stronger impact.