bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of nondescent vaginal hysterectomy and total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Tondge Ganesh , Dasila Priyank Singh , More Nandkishore , Kale Suvarna , Shelke Swapnil 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Nondescent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH) and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) are the two approaches used to perform a hysterectomy in a nonprolapsed uterus based on indication for surgery, size of the uterus, availability of types of equipment, skills of the surgeon, and patient’s preference. Each surgical approach has its own merits and demerits.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective and comparative study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a tertiary care center from December 2018 to November 2020 to compare the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of NDVH and TLH. A total of 80 patients (40 in NDVH and 40 in TLH group) were calculated based on the average number of hysterectomies (mainly TLH). All patients admitted to the hospital for NDVH and TLH were selected based on the selection criteria.

Results:
The mean age group irrespective of the route of surgery is found to be within the age group of 41–45 years. The majority of the patients who were operated on were diagnosed to have fibroids as the main cause for their complaints followed by adenomyotic changes and hyperplasia. The mean blood loss of NDVH was found less as compared to TLH but not significant as P value >0.05. The mean number of days for a hospital stay for NDVH is 4.26, whereas the hospital stay for TLH patients was found to be 4.7 days that is greater as compared with NDVH. The most common complication irrespective of the type of surgery is urinary tract infection followed by pyrexia.

Conclusion:
Considering the outcomes and cost-effectiveness of both routes of surgery, it is found that nondescending vaginal hysterectomy is more advantageous over total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Health implications of knowledge, and attitudes for road safety and protective measures among commercial motorcycle riders in a semi-urban setting in Nigeria
Authors: Afelumo Olaide Lateef , Abiodun Olaiya P. , Sanni Olaniyi F. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Knowledge of road safety and preventive measures effectively reduces accidents associated with motorcycles. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of motorcycle riders in the Ado-Odo Ota local government area (LGA) towards road safety and accident preventive measures.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that used a structured questionnaire to collect data related to knowledge of safety measures from the respondents using a stratified random sampling technique to identify potential respondents. IBM-SPSS version 25.0 for Windows IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA, was used for data analysis.

Results:
There were 374 respondents, of which 69.0% owned the motorcycles, and 31.0% were hired/rented. The knowledge of road safety and preventive measures among respondents was generally poor (46.5%). Rented/hired motorcycle riders displayed better knowledge (55.2%) than owners (42.6%) (P < 0.05). Factors associated with knowledge include being married COR = 2.48 (95% CI = 1.22–5.08; P < 0.05), secondary/higher education COR = 1.90 (95% CI = 1.19–3.05; P < 0.05), and over 6-year of experience COR of 1.69 (95% CI = 1.08–2.63; P < 0.05). Motorcycle owners displayed better attitudes (71.7%) than hired (57.8%) (P < 0.05). Secondary/higher education COR 1.24 (95% CI = 0.78–1.97; P > 0.05), and good knowledge COR = 4.15 (95% CI = 2.50–6.91; P < 0.005) were the determinants of positive attitudes towards safety measures. The overall prevalence of road traffic crashes was 45.2%, higher among riders with insufficient knowledge (47.5%) and negative attitudes (55.7%) towards safety measures.

Conclusion:
The government and other stakeholders should organize regular training to improve the riders’ knowledge and attitudes towards road safety and preventive measures due to the riders’ inadequate knowledge of safety and protective measures. These actions will help reduce accident rates and consequently reduce road traffic crashes’ medical and economic burdens.
Infection of mucormycosis inpatients in Covid-19
Authors: Sharma Harshul , Pole Shivaji , Sabatina Gaijala , Saraf Rishika , Joshi Saurabh , Dahipale Devidas Baburao , Mishrikotkar Prassana S. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Mucormycosis is a rare infection known to be one of the most rapidly progressing and lethal forms of fungal infection in humans, with a high mortality rate of 70–100%. Covid-19 cases were reported from all states of the country, but cases of mucormycosis in the setting of COVID-19 pneumonia were very low and that too reasoned that this was most likely due to the patient’s immune-compromised condition.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this article is to assess mucormycosis in Covid-19 patients and its association with the immune status of patients.

Materials and Methods:
Over 5 months, from February 2021 to June 2021, a retrospective observational study was conducted at MGM Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. The study included all patients who came for imaging to the Radiology Department with mucormycosis who were either coronavirus-positive or had recovered from coronavirus infection. All patients with a molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to our hospital and having a clinical diagnosis of invasive fungal infections were included.

Results:
All 30 (100%) patients were diabetic; 17 of these had uncontrolled blood sugar levels with HbA1C levels >6.5%, and the remaining 13 patients had controlled diabetes. The majority of uncontrolled diabetics (17 out of 30) had invasive mucormycosis, rhino-orbital mucormycosis and rhino-orbital cerebral stage, whereas only 3 subjects with control diabetes had invasive mucormycosis. Five uncontrolled diabetic patients had rhino-orbital cerebral stage, whereas only two controlled had rhino-orbital cerebral stage. There is a significant difference between controlled and uncontrolled diabetes with P-value of 0.

Conclusion:
Covid-19 connection to invasive mucormycosis infection is extremely dangerous and should be taken seriously. Uncontrolled diabetes and inappropriate use of steroids during the management of Covid-19 are two of the most common causes of disease aggravation, and both must be addressed.
A retrospective study on the prevalence of weak D antigen (Du) in a blood bank in a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Srivastava Abhiniti Rahul , Dhote Sweta Wasudeo , Singh Iqbal 
Published: December 2021

Background:
One of the most immunogenic blood groups known to humans is the Rhesus (Rh) blood group. The Rh blood group with variable expression of D antigen is one of the complex systems in immunohematology. Sometimes, the variable expression of RhD antigen leads to the presence of weaker forms that are not detected by routine laboratory procedures.

Aims:
The study was conducted to determine the frequency of RhD negativity and weak D antigens.

Settings and Design:
This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine at a tertiary care center hospital for three years from June 2017 to June 2020.

Materials and Methods:
All the serial Rh grouping tests were conducted by the gel technique or by the tube method with two Anti-D reagents. Negative D antigen samples were further tested for weak D antigen by Coombs Test. Statistical analysis used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results:
Out of a total of 17262 samples, 15400 (89.2%) tested Rh-positive, and 1866 (10.8%) tested Rh-negative. Weak D was positive in 52(0.027%) samples out of the RhD negative samples.

Conclusion:
The frequency of weak D antigen is low, but the strong immunogenicity of RhD antigen calls for the need for appropriate testing. This is of concern in RhD negative pregnant females, as it can cause alloimmunization if accidentally weak D antigen-positive blood is transfused.
Study of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) expression in primary colorectal carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Agrawal Mousmi , Pingle Suparna S. , Prabhakar Bhale Chandrashekhar 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) mainly affects the middle-aged and elderly population with a gradual increase in its incidence. Various studies have found human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) overexpression in CRC and its associated prognostic outcome. HER2/neu activates various signaling pathways which leads to cell proliferation and survival, and thereby its overexpression causes excessive tumor cell growth and migration.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of HER2/neu positive and negative cases and to correlate it with the grade and stage of the tumor.

Materials and Methods:
The study was carried out for 2 years in the Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, and included 35 resected specimens of colorectal carcinoma. Histopathological examination was studied and for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, paraffin wax-embedded tissues were immune stained for HER2/neu.

Results:
Of 35 cases, there were 18 women and 17 men. Approximately 28.57% cases were in the age group of 41–50 years with the mean age being 54 years. In 37.14% of cases, the tumor was located in the ascending colon. Approximately 77.14% cases were Grade 2. In total, 57.14% cases were at stage T3. Six cases were HER2/neu positive and 29 cases were HER2/neu negative.

Conclusion:
A significant correlation was found between HER2/neu expression with histologic grade and stage of the tumor. HER2/neu targeted therapeutic strategies have the potential to change treatment course and outcome. Hence, HER2/neu can be used as a biomarker in patients with CRC to assess their prognostic outcome.
Association of TNFAIP3 gene polymorphism (rs5029939) with susceptibility and clinical phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Gaballah Hala , Abd-elkhalek Reham , Hussein Ola , El-wahab Shimaa Abd 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha inducible protein 3 (TNFAIP3) (rs5029939) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its clinical manifestations in a cohort of SLE patients.
Patients and methods: This study included a total of 180 participants (18 males, 72 females; mean age: 30.9±10.1 years; range 17 to 59 years) including 90 SLE patients and 90 healthy controls between March 2017 and February 2020. The TNFAIP3 rs5029939 gene polymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in all participants.
Results: There was a significant difference in genotype distribution of the TNFAIP3 rs5029939 SNP between SLE patients and healthy controls, where CG genotype was more common in SLE patients (53.3%) than controls (11.1%) (p=0.001). We found a significant difference in G allele frequency of TNFAIP3 (rs5029939) (37.8% with SLE vs. 5.6% with controls, p=0.001). Genotype CG was significantly associated with lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric manifestations (p<0.05). Although the response to treatment was numerically higher with the genotype CC, it did not reach statistical significance (p=0.4).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that TNFAIP3 rs5029939 gene polymorphism is associated with SLE susceptibility and may have an impact on its clinical phenotype. As such association differs among populations of diverse ethnic backgrounds, larger genome-wide association studies are warranted to further elucidate genetic associations.
Important Jurisprudential Deliberations on Divorce and Khulʻ: A Study of Wahba Zuhīlī's "Al-Tafsīr al-Munīr"
Authors: Abdul Jaleel  , Muhammad Shahbaz Manj  
Published: December 2021

This paper studies renowned jurist and exegete Wahba Zuhīlī's commentary of the Quran named "Al-Tafsīr al-Munīr” on important jurisprudential deliberations related to divorce and Khulʻ. The study reveals that before divorce and Khulʻ, couples should try to reconcile with each other. If the problem escalates, the couple's parents and community should play a role in reconciling. The husband has the power to grant a divorce. The divorce can be granted only in a state of purity. Ibn Taymiyyah counts three divorces together. Zuhīlī's inclination is in the same direction. Jurists agree on the legal Sharīʻah status of Khulʻ. If a woman delightedly gives money for Khulʻ, then it is permissible for the husband to accept it. According to the Hanafīs, Shāfī'is and Malikīs, Khulʻ is a “Tallāq-e-Bā’ina”, not annulment of marriage. However to the Ḥanbalīs, there is detail in it. The consent of the spouses is required in Khulʻ.
Effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care in Intubated Preterm Neonates 28 to 36 Weeks Gestational Age, Weighing 600 to 2000 Grams at Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Baton Shary May M. , Villanueva-Uy Maria Esterlita T. , De Leon-Mendoza Socorro 
Published: December 2021

Background. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is the standard of care for stable low birth weight infants. Provision of KMC to intubated preterm infants may also be beneficial, but strong evidence is still lacking.
Objective. To determine the effectiveness of KMC in decreasing mortality among intubated preterm neonates.
Study Design. This is a non-blinded, parallel, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial.
Methodology. All intubated, preterm admissions, 28-36 weeks gestation, weighing 600-2000 grams, with respiratory distress were included. They were randomized to the intervention group who received KMC for 2-4 hours daily while intubated and the control group who received care inside an incubator. Participants’ physiologic status – before, during, and after the intervention – was recorded. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included comorbidities, days intubated, and hospital stay.
Results. There was a total of 32 patients. The risk of dying in the KMC group (n=16) was significantly reduced by 78% (RR 0.22; 95% CI 0.06 - 0.87 p=0.009). The KMC patients were also less likely to have hypothermia, nosocomial pneumonia, NEC, and late-onset neonatal sepsis (p<0.05). The KMC group had higher blood sugar levels (110 vs. 58, p=0.001) and required fewer days of intubation (3.5 vs.1.5 days, p<0.000) compared to the control group. There was no difference in the duration of the hospital stay.
Conclusion. KMC is effective in decreasing mortality among intubated preterm neonates. Other comorbidities and days of intubation were also reduced.
Kangaroo Mother Care versus Incubator in Transporting Stable Preterm Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ignacio Renelyn P. , Villanueva-Uy Maria Esterlita T. 
Published: December 2021

Background. Transporting preterm neonates soon after birth entails risks. Only one study among many about the beneficial effects of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) had cited it as a safe and effective alternative to transport incubators.
Objective. To determine if KMC transport could be an alternative to transport incubators by comparing the physiological outcomes of the two transport methods.
Methods. This is a parallel non-blinded randomized-controlled trial funded by KMC Foundation, Philippines, Inc, of physiologically stable preterm neonates weighing ≤ 2200 grams delivered at a tertiary government hospital from September 10, 2011, to April 18, 2012. After obtaining written consent from their mothers, participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention groups were transported from the delivery room to the NICU while on skin-to-skin contact with the caregiver. In contrast, those in the control group were placed in a transport incubator. Vital signs, oxygen saturation, and blood glucose were measured before transport and upon NICU arrival. Adverse effects were monitored. Data were recorded using a standard database.
Results. Ninety-two participants were recruited, forty-six in each arm. Two dropped out. The mean change in heart rate in the KMC transport decreased by 1.6 beats per minute; respiratory rate decreased by 0.18 breaths per minute, the temperature increased by 0.01°C, oxygen saturation decreased by 0.07%, blood glucose decreased by 5.07 mg/dL. The measured physiological parameters were not statistically significant between the two groups. In the KMC transport, there was a decreasing trend in the incidence of hypothermia, hypoglycemia, tachypnea, and tachycardia.
Conclusion. There are no significant differences in the heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, and blood glucose levels among preterm neonates on KMC transport compared with preterm neonates on transport incubators, which is the current standard of care. The study showed that KMC transport is equally effective as a transport incubator. Hence, in low-resource settings, KMC transport may be used as a safe and effective neonatal transport.
Effects of Intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care on Low-Birth-Weight Neonates: A Retrospective Before-and-After Study
Authors: Notarte-Palisbo Jannie Lyne C. , Canceko-Llego Cindy D. 
Published: December 2021

Objective. To compare outcomes of low-birth-weight neonates delivered before and after implementation of intermittent kangaroo mother care (KMC) in terms of duration of hospital stay, mortality rate, and clinical outcome.
Methods. This is a retrospective analytical study that included all neonates delivered in a tertiary government hospital with birth weight of less than 2000 grams before and after intermittent KMC implementation from January 2015 to December 2016. Chart review was done for demographics, mortality profile, and length of hospital stay. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used to compare mortality rate and length of hospital stay, and odds ratio was used for mortality outcome.
Results. A total of 677 low birth weight newborns were reviewed and of these, 276 (79.8%) neonates in group 1 (Pre-intermittent KMC implementation), and 263 (79.4%) neonates in group 2 (Post-intermittent KMC implementation) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The duration of hospital stay of neonates enrolled in KMC was significantly shorter (p ≤ 0.05). In Groups 1 and 2, 93–94% of neonates were discharged improved with a 5–6% mortality of almost equal distribution. There was no significant difference in mortality between groups 1 and 2 (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.59, 2.42).
Conclusion. There was no significant difference in mortality rate and cause of death pre- and post-intermittent KMC implementation. However, the length of hospital stay among the LBW neonates discharged improved was significantly shortened.
Effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care in Reducing Morbidity and Mortality among Preterm Neonates on Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ricero-Luistro Catherine P. , Villanueva-Uy Maria Esterlita T. , Libadia Aurora Gloria I. , De Leon-Mendoza Socorro 
Published: December 2021

Background. Prematurity is a major cause of neonatal death. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the recognized initial intervention among preterm neonates in respiratory distress. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) may help improve neonatal outcomes.
Objective. To determine the effectiveness of KMC in reducing morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates on CPAP via RAM nasal cannula (nCPAP).
Methods. A prospective, non-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted on eligible preterm neonates requiring nCPAP due to respiratory distress. They were randomly allocated to either KMC (n=35) or conventional care groups (n=35). Outcome measures included duration of nCPAP and oxygen support, physiologic parameters, morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay.
Results. The durations of nCPAP and oxygen support were both significantly shorter in the KMC group. Morbidities (air leak syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, and late-onset sepsis) were also significantly lower in the KMC group. Although the mortality rate and the hospital stay were lower in the KMC group, these were not statistically significant.
Conclusion. KMC effectively decreased the duration of nCPAP and oxygen support, as well as the incidence of neonatal morbidities. There were trends towards reduced mortality and length of hospital stay in the neonates who received KMC.
Cuerpos estereotipados, cuerpos enterrados, cuerpos representados, cuerpos cambiantes
Authors: Rueda Galán Carmen , González Marcén Paloma , Sánchez Romero Margarita , Rísquez  Cuenca Carmen , Cacheda Pérez María , De Miguel Ibáñez María Paz , Delgado Hervás Ana , Díaz-Zorita Bonilla Marta , Herranz Sánchez Ana Belén , López-Bertran Mireia , Picazo i Gurina Marina , Soler Mayor Begoña 
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo abordamos distintas vías de aproximación a las identidades corporales femeninas y a su agencia, desde una perspectiva transversal, tomando como referencia algunos casos de estudio procedentes de contextos seleccionados de la prehistoria y protohistoria de la península ibérica, así como del Mediterráneo Antiguo. Tres ejes principales ordenarán este acercamiento: en primer lugar, una reflexión sobre los estereotipos de las imágenes de la prehistoria, que han generado modelos comprensivos sobre el pasado que están profundamente distorsionados; en segundo lugar, el estudio de las identidades corporales, a través del análisis de los cuerpos depositados y representados en distintos casos seleccionados y, por último, una mirada desde la bioarqueología sobre el rol, los cuidados y las transformaciones de los cuerpos femeninos contextualizados en su propio ciclo vital. Esta reflexión colectiva nos permite ofrecer una puesta al día aproximativa a las líneas de investigación que, desde el grupo Pastwomen, desarrollamos en relación con el estudio de las corporalidades en el pasado, como base analítica fundamental para profundizar en los comportamientos sociales y en la construcción de las identidades colectivas. Pero, también, para la generación de nuevas narrativas y de un imaginario del pasado, colectivo e inclusivo, basado en la investigación rigurosa.