bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linagliptin Ameliorates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis Mouse Model via Inhibition of Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Pei Biwei , Zhang Na , Pang Tingting , Sun Gengyun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease that often causes pulmonary fibrosis. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor, has shown anti-fibrotic properties in various fibrotic diseases. However, only two studies have reported its anti-fibrosis effects in pulmonary fibrosis, and the mechanism is not completely clear. In the present study, we further investigated the protective effects of linagliptin, a highly specific DPP4 inhibitor, on pulmonary fibrosis in SSc mouse model and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that linagliptin ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis in SSc mouse model, as evidenced by improved pathological changes of lung and body weight loss induced by BLM. Linagliptin also reduced BLM-induced oxidative stress, inflammation in lung in vivo. We revealed that linagliptin attenuated BLM-induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in vitro and in vivo. BLM-induced enhanced migration ability of endothelial cells was also alleviated by linagliptin. Moreover, we confirmed that the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was involved in BLM-induced EndMT in vivo, which was suppressed by linagliptin. In summary, we further confirmed the therapeutic effects of linagliptin on pulmonary fibrosis in SSc mouse model, which is based on its inhibitory effects on EndMT, oxidative stress and inflammation.
Nonlinear Dynamics of Electrostatic Comb-drive with Variable Gap Under Harmonic Excitation
Authors: Lukin Alexey V. , Indeitsev Dmitry , Popov Ivan , Mozhgova Nadezhda 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper provides an extensive study of the nonlinear dynamics of a variable gap electrostatic comb-drive. The amplitude- and phase-frequency response, as well as the amplitude- and phase-force response of the comb-drive were obtained and analyzed with and without taking into account the cubic nonlinearity of the suspension. A significant variation in the frequency and force response is demonstrated in the presence of nonlinearity of the elastic suspension. Using numerical methods of bifurcation theory, solutions are obtained that correspond to the resonance peak of the frequency response when the constant and variable components of the voltages change. The result obtained makes it possible to determine the range of excitation voltage values that provide the required vibration amplitude in the resonant mode. The influence of the second stationary electrode on the dynamics of the system is estimated. The significant influence of this factor on the resonant-mode characteristics is revealed.
Cardiac Arrhythmia Detection using Dual Tree Wavelet Transform and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Madhavi K Reddy , kora Padmavathi , Reddy L Venkateswara , Avanija J , Soujanya KLS , Prabhakar Telagarapu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The non-stationary ECG signals are used as a key tools in screening coronary diseases. ECG recording is collected from millions of cardiac cells&rsquo; and depolarization and re-polarization conducted in a synchronized manner as: The P-wave occurs first, followed by the QRScomplex and the T-wave, which will repeat in each beat. The signal is altered in a cardiac beat period for different heart conditions. This change can be observed in order to diagnose the patient&rsquo;s heart status. There are life-threatening (critical) and non-life - threatening (noncritical) arrhythmia (abnormal Heart). Critical arrhythmia gives little time for surgery, whereas non-critical needs additional life-saving care. Simple naked eye diagnosis can mislead the detection. At that point, Computer Assisted Diagnosis (CAD) is therefore required. In this paper Dual Tree Wavelet Transform (DTWT) used as a feature extraction technique along with Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to detect abnormal Heart. The findings of this research and associated studies are without any cumbersome artificial environments. The CAD method proposed has high generalizability; it can help doctors efficiently identify diseases and decrease misdiagnosis.
First Comprehensive Proteome Analysis of Lysine Crotonylation in Streptococcus Agalactiae, A Pathogen Causing Meningoencephalitis in Teleosts
Authors: Chen Xinjin , Fan Bolin , Fan Chenlong , Wang Zhongliang , Wangkahart Eakapol , Huang Yucong , Huang Yu , Jian Jichang , Wang Bei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Backgroud Streptococcus agalactiae is a common colonizer of the rectovaginal tract and lead to infectious diseases of neonatal and non-pregnant adults, which also causes infectious disease in fish and a zoonotic risk as well. Lysine crotonylation (Kcr) is a kind of histone post-translational modifications discovered in 2011. In yeast and mammals, Kcr function as potential enhancers and promote gene expression. However, lysine crotonylation in S. agalactiae has not been studied yet. Methods In this study, the crotonylation profiling of fish pathogen, S. agalactiae was investigated by combining affinity enrichment with LC MS/MS. The Kcr modification of several selected proteins were further validated by Western blotting combined with real time PCR. Results In the present study, we conducted the proteome-wide profiling of Kcr in S. agalactiae and identified 241 Kcr sites from 675 screened proteins for the first time. Bioinformatics analysis showed that 164 sequences were matched to a total of six definitively conserved motifs, and many of them were significantly enriched in metabolic processes, cellular process, and single-organism processes. Moreover, four crotonylation modified proteins were predicted as virulence factors or to being part of the quorum sensing system PTMs on bacteria. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD026445. Conclusions These data provide a promising starting point for further functional research of crotonylation in bacterial virulence in S. agalactiae .
Bio-Fertilizer Affects Structural Dynamics, Function and Network Patterns of the Sugarcane Rhizospheric Microbiota
Authors: Liu Nathan , Pang Ziqin , Yang Zuli , Nyumah Fallah , Hu Chaohua , Lin Wenxiong , Yuan Zhaonian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fertilizers and the microbial communities that determine fertilizer efficiency are key to sustainable agricultural development. Sugarcane is an important sugar cash crop in China, and using bio-fertilizers is important for the sustainable development of China's sugar industry. However, information on the effects of bio-fertilizers on sugarcane soil microbiota has rarely been studied. In this study, the effects of bio-fertilizer application on rhizosphere soil physicochemical indicators, microbial community composition, function and network patterns of sugarcane were discussed using a high-throughput sequencing approach. Experimental design: CK: no fertilizer application (0 kg/ha), CF: compound fertilizer (100 kg/ha, BF1: bio-fertilizer (100 kg/ha of biofertilizer + 3.8 kg/ha of urea), BF2: biofertilizer (150 kg/ha of biofertilizer + 3.8 kg/ha of urea). The results showed that bio-fertilizer was effective in increasing sugarcane yield by 7–17%, reducing soil acidification, changing the diversity of fungi and bacteria, and greatly altering the community composition and structure of rhizosphere microorganisms. Variance partitioning canonical correspondence (VPA) analysis showed that soil physicochemical variables explained 80.09% and 73.31% of the variation in bacteria and fungi, respectively. Redundancy analysis and correlation heatmap showed that soil pH, total nitrogen and available potassium were the main factors influencing bacterial community composition, while total soil phosphorus, available phosphorus, pH and available nitrogen were the main drivers of fungal communities. Volcano plots showed that using bio-fertilizers contributed to the accumulation of more beneficial bacteria at the sugarcane rhizosphere level and the decline of pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Leifsonia), which may slow down or suppress the occurrence of diseases. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and effect size analysis (LEfSe) searched for biomarkers under different fertilizer treatments. Meanwhile, support vector machine (SVM) assessed the importance of the microbial genera contributing to the variability between fertilizers, of interest were the bacteria Anaerolineace, Vulgatibacter and Paenibacillus; the fungi Cochliobolus, Sordariales and Dothideomycetes between CF and BF2, compared to the other genera contributing to the variability. Network analysis (co-occurrence network) showed that the network structure of bio-fertilizers was closer to the network characteristics of healthy soils, indicating that bio-fertilizers can improve soil health to some extent, and therefore if bio-fertilizers can be used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers in the future alternative, it is important to achieve green soil development and improve the climate.
Diabetes and Hypertension Among South Asians in New York and Atlanta Leveraging Hospital Electronic Health Records
Authors: Beasley Jeannette , Ho Joyce C , Conderino Sarah , Thorpe Lorna E , Shah Megha , Gujral Unjali P , Zanowiak Jennifer , Islam Nadia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diabetes and hypertension disparities are pronounced among South Asians. There is regional variation in the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in the US, but it is unknown whether there is variation among South Asians living in the US. The objective of this study was to compare the burden of diabetes and hypertension between South Asian patients receiving care in the health systems of two US cities. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were performed using electronic health records (EHR) for 90,137 South Asians receiving care at New York University Langone in New York City (NYC) and 28,868 South Asians receiving care at Emory University (Atlanta). Diabetes was defined as having 2+ encounters with a diagnosis of diabetes, having a diabetes medication prescribed (excluding Acarbose/Metformin), or having 2+ abnormal A1C levels (≥6.5%) and 1+ encounter with a diagnosis of diabetes. Hypertension was defined as having 3+ BP readings of systolic BP ≥130 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥80 mmHg, 2+ encounters with a diagnosis of hypertension, or having an anti-hypertensive medication prescribed. RESULTS: Among South Asian patients at these two large health systems, age-adjusted diabetes burden was 10.7% in NYC compared to 6.7% in Atlanta. Age-adjusted hypertension burden was 20.9% in NYC compared to 24.7% in Atlanta. In In Atlanta, 75.6% of those with diabetes had comorbid hypertension compared to 46.2% in NYC.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest differences by region and sex in diabetes and hypertension risk. Additionally, these results call for better characterization of race/ethnicity in EHRs to identify ethnic subgroup variation, as well as intervention studies to reduce lifestyle exposures that underlie the elevated risk for type 2 diabetes and hypertension development in South Asians.
TMT-based Proteomic Analysis and Protein Expression During Excystation of Cryptosporidium Anderson
Authors: Li Dongfang , Cui Zhaohui , Wang Luyang , Zhang Kaihui , Cao Letian , Zheng Shuangjian , Zhang Longxian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Cryptosporidium andersoni (C. andersoni) initiates infection by the release of sporozoites through excystation. However, the proteins involved in excystation remain unknown. Researching the proteins that participate in the excystation of C. andersoni oocysts will fill the gap in our understanding of the excystation system of this parasitic pathogen. Methods: In this study, C. andersoni oocysts were collected and purified from the feces of naturally infected adult cows. Tandem mass tags (TMT) coupled with liquid chromatograph- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic analysis was used to investigate the proteomic expression profile of C. andersoni oocysts during excystation. Results: Our proteomic analysis identified a total of 1586 proteins, of which 17 were identified as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), with 10 upregulated and 7 downregulated proteins. Each of those 17 proteins had multiple biological functions associated with control of gene expression at the level of transcription and biosynthetic and metabolic processes. Quantitative real-time PCR of eight selected genes validated the proteomic data.Conclusions: Our findings provide new information on the protein composition of C. andersoni oocysts as well as possible excystation factors. These data may help us to better understand the pathology of C. andersoni and thus may be useful in diagnosis, vaccine development, and immunotherapy for Cryptosporidium.
A new scoring system for placement of abdominal aortic balloon in Placenta accreta spectrum patients with placenta previa: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Fusen , Wang Jingjie , Xiong Qiuju , Wang Wenjian , Xu Yi , Zhuo Jia , Xia Qiuling , Liu Xiaonan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In recent years, abdominal aortic balloon occlusion is considered an effective method for placenta accreta spectrum patients with placenta previa. However, not all patients in this category require abdominal aortic balloon placement. This study aims to investigate whether the new scoring system is effective for the placement of the abdominal aortic balloon in Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS)patients with placenta previa.
Methods

PAS patients with placenta previa diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound were included, and divided into three groups according to their scores graded by a new scoring system (grade Ⅰ group ≤ 5 points, 6 points ≤ grade Ⅱ group ≤ 9 points, grade Ⅲ group ≥ 10 points). Patients with grade Ⅲ were placed with an abdominal aortic balloon unless their families and patients strongly refused. Those with grade I were not placed with an abdominal aortic balloon. Those with grade II generally were not placed with an abdominal aortic balloon unless their families and patients strongly request. Indicators were analyzed, including postpartum hemorrhage, transfusion requirements, operation time, and the ability to preserve the uterus and fertility.
Results

Estimated blood loss, the number of intraoperative transfused patients, postoperative days were different among the three groups. In group 2 (grade II), there was no significant difference in other observation indexes༈intraoperative blood loss 629 ± 214 vs 758 ± 749, P = 0.488, packed red blood cells47 ± 194 vs 154 ± 445, P = 0.488, admission to ICU 0/7 vs 3/71, P = 1.000, total hysterectomies 0/7 vs 2/71, P = 1.000༉(except for the operation time81.4 ± 19.5 vs 61.7 ± 30.6, P = 0.013) between the abdominal aortic balloon and non-abdominal aortic balloon groups. In group 3 (grade III), significant differences were found in intraoperative blood loss (950 ± 390 vs 2238 ± 1052, P༜0.001), packed red blood cells(213 ± 311 vs 662 ± 528, P༜0.001), postoperative blood transfusion volume(105 ± 181 vs 300 ± 321, P = 0.008), operation time(90.0 ± 25.9 vs 115.9 ± 45.3, P = 0.013), the proportion of people who need blood transfusion(14 in the IABO vs 11 in the NIABO, P = 0.002) and the total Hysterectomies (0 in the IABO vs 2 in the NIABO, P = 0.011) between the abdominal aortic balloon and non-abdominal aortic balloon groups.
Conclusion

With the new scoring system, not all patients with PAS and placenta previa need a preventive temporary balloon occlusion of the subrenal abdominal aorta. We recommend placing an abdominal aortic balloon in patients with grade III, for it can control intraoperative bleeding and reduce intraoperative blood transfusion, and reduce the risk of hysterectomy. For patients with grade I and II, abdominal aortic balloon placement is not recommended.
A Disorienting Dilemma: Teaching and Learning in Technology Education During a Time of Crisis
Authors: Code Jillianne , Ralph Rachel , Forde Kieran 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The way individuals interpret and reinterpret their experience is central to meaning-making and, ultimately, to teaching learning. Grounded in Mezirow’s Transformative Learning Theory, this research explores whether pandemic-related emergency remote teaching manifested in a disorienting dilemma for technology educators. Educators negotiated curricular outcomes between physical aspects of making and doing and design and creative problem solving resulting in a pandemic transformed pedagogy. Thematic analysis revealed that making and doing was severely challenged due to decreased communication, student motivation and engagement. However, most concerning to educators was the heightened disparity in equity and access in their most vulnerable and at-risk students.
Immunogenicity of SCB-2019 COVID-19 Vaccine Compared to Four Approved Vaccines
Authors: Ambrosino Donna , Han Htay Htay , Hu Branda , Liang Joshua , Clemens Ralf , Johnson Marina , Siber George , Goldblatt David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A significant correlation has been shown between the binding antibody responses against original SARS-CoV-2-S-protein all performed in one laboratory and vaccine efficacy of four approved COVID-19 vaccines. We therefore assessed the immune response against original SARS-CoV-2 elicited by the adjuvanted S-Trimer vaccine, SCB-2019 + CpG/alum, in the same assay and laboratory. When compared with four approved vaccines immune responses to SCB-2019 predicted 81% − 94% efficacy against the original strain and 75–94% against the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7). Immunogenicity comparisons to original strain and variants of concern (VOC) should be considered as a basis for authorization of vaccines because efficacy studies now have predominantly VOC cases.
Characteristics of composite deprivation indices used in public health: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Zelenina Anastasia , Shalnova Svetlana , Maksimov Sergey , Drapkina Oksana 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Deprivation index has become a more popular tool to rank levels of deprivation within different geographic areas. It is extensively used for monitoring health inequalities, evaluating health care services, developing and modifying health policies and programs, and allocating health resources equitably. In the current review, we will examine how in different countries deprivation indices were created. This is significant because indices have been used in public health for more than three decades. The first deprivation index was created in the UK in the late 1980s. A stock of knowledge and information about deprivation indices have been accumulated over this period. Our objectives are to explore the relevant literature to describe features of composite deprivation measures; create a list and classification of original deprivation indices. We will develop the classification of indices to systematize knowledge and improve the functional utility of the information. Moreover, the classification will provide an organized framework for planning and following through with the process of developing new deprivation measures.Methods: Any original deprivation index mentioned in peer-reviewed or grey literature documents will be eligible for inclusion if it assesses deprivation at a population level and used in relation to health. The study area will be limited to the geographic areas of North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. PubMed and grey literature databases will be searched to identify all relevant studies, without publication date restriction. Papers published in any language will be included to avoid language bias. Papers will be screened for inclusion by two independent reviewers. Tables and a narrative summary will be used to describe features of deprivation indices. Diagrammatic form will be used to create the classification of deprivation indices.Discussion: The aim of creating a taxonomy is to systematize information related to the methodology for constructing and using deprivation indices in public health research and practice. Practically, the results of this study could facilitate finding a common language among researchers and specialists who create and use deprivation indices, thus helping the development and implementation of appropriate deprivation indices for different countries.
Analysis of physical properties and compressibility of avian eggshell nanopowders in solid state reaction
Authors: Puspitasari Poppy , Iftiharsa Muhammad Asrorul , Zhorifah Herin Fikri Naufal , Gayatri Rara Warih 
Published: September 2021

Eggshell is bioceramic material that produces by avian that commonly contains of 94 % calcium carbonate, 1 % magnesium carbonate, 1 % calcium phosphate, and 4 % other organic element. This study proposed to investigate the synthesis and characterization of avian eggshell powders. The avian eggshell that used in this study involved chicken, duck, and quail eggshells. The characterization of avian eggshell nanopowder for reducing their grain size from micro to nano involved ball milling process (solid state reaction) with the variation of milling times (3, 5, and 7 hours) and sintering temperature at 1000 oC for 2 hours. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test presented the phase characterization of quail eggshell nanopowder which ball-milled for 7 hours, obtained the smallest crystallite size at 19.2 nm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test presented the morphological analysis that showed changes in grain size and shape of each variety of the avian eggshell such as spherical, oval, wormlike, cubical, triangular, and some irregular grains. Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) test presented the compound in avian eggshell powders that showed Ca and O level were the highest, while C was the lowest level. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) test presented the possibility of the functional group of the avian eggshell powders that showed Ca-O, Ca=O groups, CaCO3, asymmetric C-O, -CO3, amide, C=O, -OH, alkyl CH, and C-H. While compressibility shown the increase along with the decrease of crystallite and particles size in cubical grain. The highest compression ratio is 67.75 % for chicken eggshell nano powder with 5 hours milling time at 2000 kgf of compression loading