bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of obesity and annual health care utilization and spending among long‐term cancer survivors
Authors: Han Xuesong , Jemal Ahmedin , Zheng Zhiyuan , Nogueira Leticia , Khushalani Jaya , Chen Zhuo , Yabroff K. Robin 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundObesity is associated with a substantial health and economic burden in the general population in the United States. This study estimates the excess health care utilization and medical spending associated with overweight and obesity among long‐term cancer survivors.MethodsLong‐term cancer survivors (≥2 years after their diagnosis) aged ≥18 years (N = 12,547) were identified from the nationally representative 2008‐2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. A 2‐part modeling approach was used to calculate the average annual care utilization and spending by service type. Excess care utilization and spending associated with overweight (25 kg/m2 ≤ body mass index [BMI] < 30 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), and severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2), in comparison with normal weight (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2), were estimated.ResultsCompared with normal‐weight cancer survivors, overweight survivors had comparable care utilization and medical spending; survivors with obesity had an additional $3216 (95% CI, $1940‐$4492) of medical spending, including $1243 (95% CI, $417‐$2070) on hospital inpatient services and $1130 (95% CI, $756‐$1504) on prescriptions per person per year. The excess annual medical spending associated with obesity among long‐term cancer survivors translated to $19.7 billion in 2016 in the United States. The excess medical spending was magnified in cancer survivors with severe obesity ($5317 [95% CI, $2849‐$7785], which translated to $6.7 billion in 2016). Excess care utilization and medical spending were mostly explained by comorbid conditions related to obesity.ConclusionsFor long‐term cancer survivors, obesity was associated with increased health care utilization and substantial excess medical spending. This suggests that policies and practices promoting a healthy lifestyle and achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight for cancer survivors may reduce their health care utilization and economic burden.
Cardiac remodeling after anthracycline and radiotherapy exposure in adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Jefferies John L. , Mazur Wojciech M. , Howell Carrie R. , Plana Juan C. , Ness Kirsten K. , Li Zhenghong , Joshi Vijaya M. , Green Daniel M. , Mulrooney Daniel A. , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Martinez Hugo R. , Goldberg Jason F. , Howell Rebecca M. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Armstrong Gregory T. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundLimited data exist regarding left ventricular remodeling patterns observed in adult survivors of childhood cancer after therapy.MethodsAmong 1190 adult survivors diagnosed with childhood cancer (median age at diagnosis, 9 years [interquartile range (IQR), 3.8‐14.4 years]; age at evaluation, 35.6 years [IQR, 29.5‐42.8 years]), treatment exposures included anthracyclines (n = 346), chest radiotherapy (n = 174), both (n = 245), or neither (n = 425). Prospective echocardiographic assessment compared survivors with 449 noncancer controls classified according to left ventricle geometric patterns. Associations between left ventricle geometric patterns and decreased exercise tolerance were assessed.ResultsOverall, 28.2% of survivors (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.6%‐30.8%) exhibited concentric remodeling, 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%‐3.5%) exhibited eccentric hypertrophy, and 1.1% (95% CI, 0.6%‐1.9%) exhibited concentric hypertrophy. A greater proportion of survivors who received only chest radiotherapy (41%) had concentric remodeling compared with those who received only anthracyclines (24%), both (27%), or neither (27%; all P < .001), and all were greater than the proportions in noncancer controls (18%; all P < .05). Concentric remodeling was associated with radiation exposure, but not with anthracycline exposure, in multivariable models. Survivors who had concentric remodeling were more likely to have a maximal oxygen uptake peak <85% compared with those who had normal geometry (81.0% vs 66.3%; odds ratio, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.15‐2.68).ConclusionsChest radiation therapy, but not anthracycline therapy, increased the risk for concentric remodeling in survivors of childhood cancer. The presence of concentric remodeling was associated with increased exercise intolerance.
Cytologic features of sex cord‐stromal tumors in women
Authors: Edmund Liz N. , Salama Abeer M. , Murali Rajmohan 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundGynecologic sex cord‐stromal tumors (SCSTs) arise from sex cords of the embryonic gonad and may display malignant behavior. We describe the cytomorphologic features of SCSTs in females, including adult and juvenile granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs and JGCTs), Sertoli‐Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs), and steroid cell tumors (SCTs).MethodsWe retrieved available cytology slides from females with a histologic diagnosis of sex cord‐stromal tumor between 2009 and 2020 from institutional archives and reviewed their cytoarchitectural features.ResultsThere were 25, 2, 2, and 1 cytology specimens from 19, 2, 2, and 1 patients (aged 7‐90 years, median 57 years) with AGCT, JGCT, SLCT, and SCT, respectively. Features common to all SCSTs included 3‐dimensional groups, rosettes, rare papillary fragments, abundant single cells and naked nuclei. Rosettes and a streaming appearance of cell groups were only seen in AGCTs, which also rarely featured eosinophilic hyaline globules and metachromatic stroma. AGCTs exhibited high nuclear:cytoplasmic (N:C) ratios, with mild nuclear pleomorphism, uniform nuclei with finely granular chromatin, nuclear grooves and small nucleoli; in contrast, other SCSTs lacked rosettes and nuclear grooves and had generally lower N:C ratios, greater nuclear pleomorphism, coarse chromatin and more abundant cytoplasm. Mitotic figures, necrosis, and inflammation were rarely identified.ConclusionsAGCTs show cytomorphologic features that are distinct from those of other SCSTs. Careful evaluation of the cytological features and ancillary studies (eg, immunochemistry for FOXL2, inhibin and calretinin, or sequencing for FOXL2 mutations) can aid in the accurate diagnosis of these tumors.
A Euglycemic Glucose Clamp Study to Evaluate the Bioavailability of LY2963016 Relative to Insulin Glargine in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Feng , Ji Yongjia , Ma Tianyang , Li Hongying , Linnebjerg Helle , Chua Laiyi , Tham Lai San , Yu Yerong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInsulin glargine (IGlar) and LY2963016 (LY IGlar) are long‐acting insulin analogs with identical primary amino acid sequences. We conducted a randomized, open‐label, 2‐treatment, 2‐period, crossover study in healthy Chinese subjects to evaluate the relative bioavailability of LY IGlar to IGlar and pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of LY IGlar. Subjects (n = 58) were randomized to receive single subcutaneous doses (0.5 U/kg) of LY IGlar and IGlar with a ≥7‐day washout period between study treatments. Serum was collected before and up to 24 hours after dosing to assess PK characteristics. PD characteristics were assessed by euglycemic clamp up to 24 hours after dosing. Linear mixed‐effects models were used to fit the log‐transformed primary PK (maximum observed concentration and area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 24 hours) and PD parameters (maximum glucose infusion rate and total amount of glucose infused during clamp period). The geometric least squares means ratios (90% confidence interval) of LY IGlar to IGlar for maximum observed concentration and area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 24 hours were 0.961 (0.887‐1.04) and 0.941 (0.872‐1.01), respectively. The geometric least squares means ratios (90% confidence interval) of LY IGlar to IGlar were 0.91 (0.85‐0.98) for maximum glucose infusion rate and 0.89 (0.82‐0.97) for total amount of glucose infused during clamp period. LY IGlar demonstrated similarity to IGlar in PK and PD characteristics following single‐dose (0.5 U/kg) administration in healthy Chinese subjects.
Mn2+‐Phos‐Tag Polyacrylamide for the Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation Levels
Authors: Markandran Kasturi , Xuan Jane Vanetta Lee En , Yu Haiyang , Shun Lim Meng , Ferenczi Michael A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper provides a guideline for optimizing and utilizing Mn2+ Phos‐tag gel technology to separate phosphorylated proteins from their unphosphorylated counterparts. It provides key insights into methods for careful sample preparation and experimental directions for determining the appropriate Phos‐tag gel compositions and electrophoresis and western blotting conditions. This protocol has been used to successfully resolve proteins extracted from cardiac and skeletal muscles. The guidelines can be extended for optimizing protocols to resolve proteins from other cells or tissue sources. With this, phosphoproteomics and the elucidation of underlying mechanisms of disease progression can be accelerated. © 2021 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Chemoenzymatic Oxosulfonylation‐Bioreduction Sequence for the Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Sulfones
Authors: López‐Agudo Marina , Ríos‐Lombardía Nicolás , González‐Sabín Javier , Lavandera Iván , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA series of optically active β‐hydroxy sulfones has been obtained through an oxosulfonylation‐stereoselective reduction sequence in aqueous medium. Firstly, β‐keto sulfones were synthesized from arylacetylenes and sodium sulfinates to subsequently develop the carbonyl reduction in a highly selective fashion using alcohol dehydrogenases as biocatalysts. Optimization of the chemical oxosulfonylation reaction was investigated, finding inexpensive iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3 ⋅ 6H2O) as the catalyst of choice. The selection of isopropanol in the alcohol‐water media resulted in high compatibility with the enzymatic process for enzyme cofactor recycling purposes, providing a straightforward access to both (R)‐ and (S)‐β‐hydroxy sulfones. The practical usefulness of this transformation was illustrated by describing the synthesis of a chiral intermediate of Apremilast. Interestingly, the development of a chemoenzymatic cascade approach avoided the isolation of β‐keto sulfone intermediates, which allowed the preparation of chiral β‐hydroxy sulfones in high conversion values (83–94 %) and excellent optical purities (94 to >99 % ee).
Preface to the Special Issue of ChemSusChem on Advanced Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Brabec Christoph J. , Heeney Martin , Kim Youngkyoo , Luscombe Christine K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOrganic solar cells have garnered much interest as an Earth‐abundant and low‐energy‐production renewable energy source. In their Editorial to the Special Issue on Advanced Organic Solar Cells, Guest Editors Christoph Brabec, Martin Heeney, Youngkyoo Kim, and Christine Luscombe introduce this exciting field and discuss some of the Special Issue's contents.
Insights into the Operation of Noble‐Metal‐Free Cocatalyst 1T‐WS2‐Decorated Zn0.5Cd0.5S for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Zhou Wei , Tang Yuan , Tan Xin , Zhang Yizhong , Geng Zikang , Guo Yuchen , Liu Lequan , Yu Tao , Ye Jinhua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDue to inefficient charge separation and low surface catalytic conversion efficiencies, cocatalysts are required for achieving photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Being a noble‐metal‐free cocatalyst, metallic 1T‐WS2 with excellent conductivity can function for this reaction. Herein, 1T‐WS2/Zn0.5Cd0.5S is constructed via a simple and feasible grinding approach. The composite containing 7.5 % 1T‐WS2 in 1T‐WS2/Zn0.5Cd0.5S achieves a hydrogen evolution rate of 61.65 mmol g−1 h−1 and an external quantum efficiency of 8.04 % at 420 nm, which is 37 times that of bare Zn0.5Cd0.5S (1.67 mmol g−1 h−1). The electrical conductivity of metallic 1T‐WS2 reduces the transfer impedance at the interface and thus accelerates the non‐radiative energy transfer and electron transport rate. The different Fermi levels of 1T‐WS2 and Zn0.5Cd0.5S form a Schottky junction, which promotes the transfer of photogenerated electrons from Zn0.5Cd0.5S to 1T‐WS2. More importantly, the close interface contact between 1T‐WS2 and Zn0.5Cd0.5S results in strong electron interactions, which is conducive to the spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. This work will further expand the application of 1T‐WS2 in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution process.
Prognose des Verbrauchs grauer Energie über die Lebensdauer von Gebäuden
Authors: Zimmermann Josef , Reiser Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDas Bauen in Städten und Ballungsräumen gehört weltweit zu den größten Ressourcenverbrauchern. Das Gebäudeenergiegesetz (GEG) in Deutschland stellt Anforderungen an den energetischen Standard für den Neubau. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Reduktion des Primärenergiebedarfs für die Wärmeversorgung im Betrieb. Die erforderliche nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (graue Energie) der in Gebäuden eingesetzten Materialien und der damit einhergehende Ressourcenverbrauch ist jedoch zusätzlich zu beachten. Die bei der Errichtung von Gebäuden umgesetzte graue Energie wurde bereits vielfach untersucht und beschrieben. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der anfallenden grauen Energie über den gesamten Lebenszyklus von Immobilien. Insbesondere werden die Aufwendungen nach der Errichtung für Instandsetzung und Entsorgung untersucht. Hierzu wird ein Prognosemodell auf Basis der Methodik der Standardraumstrukturen von Kornblum und Greitemann entwickelt und auf das Beispiel einer Wohnimmobilie angewandt.
Clinician's commentary: Atypia in urinary tract cytology specimens
Authors: Patel Sunil H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAt the 18th International Congress of Cytology in Paris in 2013, the “Paris Group” created standardized reporting system/criteria for urine cytopathology. This reporting system provided evidence‐based criteria for all the urine cytopathologic diagnosis in aims to avoid atypia being used a “waste basket.” The addition of standard classification system greatly helps minimizing atypia diagnosis; however, clinicians, specifically, urologist, are still left without a clear set of guidelines for how to approach atypia. Prospective collaborate work with cytopathologists and urologist can help solve the dreaded atypia cytology pathological report and provide a framework and guidelines on management, providing better care to our patients.
Pleistocene dynamics of the Eurasian steppe as a driving force of evolution: Phylogenetic history of the genus Capsella (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Žerdoner Čalasan Anže , Hurka Herbert , German Dmitry A. , Pfanzelt Simon , Blattner Frank R. , Seidl Anna , Neuffer Barbara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCapsella is a model plant genus of the Brassicaceae closely related to Arabidopsis. To disentangle its biogeographical history and intrageneric phylogenetic relationships, 282 individuals of all five currently recognized Capsella species were genotyped using a restriction digest‐based next‐generation sequencing method. Our analysis retrieved two main lineages within Capsella that split c. one million years ago, with western C. grandiflora and C. rubella forming a sister lineage to the eastern lineage consisting of C. orientalis. The split was attributed to continuous latitudinal displacements of the Eurasian steppe belt to the south during Early Pleistocene glacial cycles. During the interglacial cycles of the Late Pleistocene, hybridization of the two lineages took place in the southwestern East European Plain, leading to the allotetraploid C. bursa‐pastoris. Extant genetic variation within C. orientalis postdated any extensive glacial events. Ecological niche modeling showed that suitable habitat for C. orientalis existed during the Last Glacial Maximum around the north coast of the Black Sea and in southern Kazakhstan. Such a scenario is also supported by population genomic data that uncovered the highest genetic diversity in the south Kazakhstan cluster, suggesting that C. orientalis originated in continental Asia and migrated north‐ and possibly eastwards after the last ice age. Post‐glacial hybridization events between C. bursa‐pastoris and C. grandiflora/rubella in the southwestern East European Plain and the Mediterranean gave rise to C. thracica. Introgression of C. grandiflora/rubella into C. bursa‐pastoris resulted in a new Mediterranean cluster within the already existing Eurasian C. bursa‐pastoris cluster. This study shows that the continuous displacement and disruption of the Eurasian steppe belt during the Pleistocene was the driving force in the evolution of Capsella.
Trends in the treatment and survival of heart failure patients: a nationwide population‐based study in the Czech Republic
Authors: Táborský Milos , Skála Tomas , Lazárová Marie , Aiglová Renata , Špinar Jindrich , Špinarová Lenka , Vítovec Jiri , Kautzner Josef , Melenovský Vojtech , Málek Filip , Dušek Ladislav , Jarkovský Jiri , Benešová Klara , Vícha Marek , Linhart Ales 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsA retrospective nationwide observational analysis of diagnoses, procedures, and treatment reported to the Czech National Registry of Reimbursed Health Services between 2012 and 2018.Methods and resultsPrevalence of heart failure (HF) patients increased from 176 496 (1679.4 per 100 000 population) in 2012 to 285 745 (2689.0 per 100 000 population) patients in 2018 (mean age 74.4 ± 12.8 years). In the last years, a stable incidence of HF patients was observed (544 per 100 000 population in 2016 vs. 551 per 100 000 population in 2018; P = 0.310). Mortality rate decreased from 20.55% in 2012 to 15.89% in 2018. The number of hospitalized patients remained similar (318.2 per 100 000 population in 2012 vs. 311.8 per 100 000 population in 2018; P = 0.479). The most used drugs were diuretics (173 295; 60.6%) and beta‐blockers (178 823; 62.6%), followed by angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors 120.581; 42.2%; angiotensin II receptor blockers 47 216; 16.5%). Even though the whole number of implanted devices in HF patients increased steadily (from 25 205 in 2012 to 45 363 in 2018), the prevalence of all devices (pacemakers and defibrillators) in the HF patients remained about the same (14.3% in 2012; 15.9% in 2018).ConclusionsThe study included all patients with HF in the Czech Republic. These are the first nationwide data of HF epidemiology in the Eastern bloc. The incidence of HF remains stable in the last years. Due to aging of the population, the prevalence of HF significantly increased in the last 6 years. Despite a continuous increase in the prevalence of HF and a suboptimal utilization of its pharmacological therapy, mortality decreased, and the number of hospitalized patients remained the same.
Nucleic Acid Integrated Technologies for Electrochemical Point‐of‐Care Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Surucu Ozge , Öztürk Elif , Kuralay Filiz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe need for routine and immediate healthcare monitoring has inspired “near‐patient testing” or in other words “point‐of‐care testing (POCT)”. Therefore, POCT can be defined as laboratory tests that are performed at the patient's bedside or in the immediate vicinity of the incident. Among many POCTs, nucleic acid‐based testing has attracted enormous attention for the diagnosis of important genetic, inherited and infectious diseases such as cancer and coronavirus. In this review, we outline the integration of nucleic acids into the remarkable electrochemical point‐of‐care diagnostics including microfluidic, paper and smartphone‐based approaches, CRISPR/Cas and liquid biopsy related systems and DNA damage monitoring.
2‐Methylimidazole‐assisted Morphology Modulation of a Copper‐based Metal‐organic Framework Transducer for Enhanced Electrochemical Peroxidase‐like Activity
Authors: Li Junji , Liu Zi‐Xuan , Li Yi‐Xuan , Shu Guofang , Zhang Xue‐Ji , Marks Robert S. , Shan Dan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA tailored metal‐organic framework transducer material Cu−BDC(NH2)@2‐MI was synthesized with 2‐methylimidazole as competitive ligand for the modulation of its morphology and catalytic activity. 2‐MI effectively helped the deprotonation of 2‐aminoterephthalic acid and enabled the fast generation of MOF crystals at room temperature. More importantly, this 2‐MI‐doped MOF exhibited well‐tuned morphology and was able to assist efficient redox procedures in electrochemical H2O2 reduction. Therefore, a prototype H2O2 sensor can present decent linear ranges from 10 μM to 13.28 mM and a detection limit of 0.97 μM. This novel design could boost the utilization of proprietary MOFs materials out of laboratory.
Anti‐arthritic effect of chicken embryo tissue hydrolyzate against adjuvant arthritis in rats (X‐ray microtomographic and histopathological analysis)
Authors: Rzhepakovsky Igor , Anusha Siddiqui Shahida , Avanesyan Svetlana , Benlidayi Mehmet , Dhingra Kunaal , Dolgalev Alexander , Enukashvily Natella , Fritsch Tilman , Heinz Volker , Kochergin Stanislav , Nagdalian Andrey , Sizonenko Marina , Timchenko Lyudmila , Vukovic Marko , Piskov Sergey , Grimm Wolf‐Dieter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFinding new, safe strategies to prevent and control rheumatoid arthritis is an urgent task. Bioactive peptides and peptide‐rich protein hydrolyzate represent a new trend in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. The resulting tissue hydrolyzate of the chicken embryo (CETH) has been evaluated for acute toxicity and tested against chronic arthritis induced by Freund's full adjuvant (modified Mycobacterium butyricum) in rats. The antiarthritic effect of CETH was studied on the 28th day of the experiment after 2 weeks of oral administration of CETH at doses of 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight. Arthritis was evaluated on the last day of the experiment on the injected animal paw using X‐ray computerized microtomography and histopathology analysis methods. The CETH effect was compared with the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg). Oral administration of CETH was accompanied by effective dose‐dependent correction of morphological changes caused by the adjuvant injection. CETH had relatively high recovery effects in terms of parameters for reducing inflammation, inhibition of osteolysis, reduction in the inflammatory reaction of periarticular tissues, and cartilage degeneration. This study presents for the first time that CETH may be a powerful potential nutraceutical agent or bioactive component in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.