bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Turmeric and Extra Virgin Olive Oil in the Management of IL 6 and IL 10 in Healthy Mice
Authors: Attiyah Sama Mohammed , Mohammed Hoda Elsayed 
Published: July 2021

Background: Anti-Inflammatory properties of turmeric and extra virgin olive oil have numerous health benefits. They exert and promote anti-inflammatory actions, moreover, each gives benefits that go beyond reducing inflammation.
Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate and compare the immunomodulatory effect of each turmeric and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) alone or in combination.
Methods: We demonstrated the serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in healthy male Swiss albino mice (C57BL/6 strain) after oral intake of curcumin and extra virgin olive oil for six weeks by ELISA assay.
Results: Our results showed that dietary intake of turmeric and EVOO had a reducing effect on serum IL-6 level and could increase the production of IL-10 level significantly. Inflammatory responses of turmeric and EVOO combination appear to be more effective on health by inhibition of IL 6 and induce IL 10 production.
Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory effect of turmeric and EVOO can play an important role in modulating the level of IL 6 and IL-10. Moreover, co-administration of them having a greater anti-inflammatory effect.
Reservoir Simulation Analysis of Pressure Depletion Performance in Gas-Condensate Reservoirs: Black-Oil and Compositional Approaches
Authors: Oluwatoyin Akinsete O. , Agnes Anuka A. 
Published: July 2021

Pressure depletion in gas-condensate reservoirs create two-phase flow. It is pertinent to understand the behavior of gas-condensate reservoirs as pressure decline in order to develop proper producing strategies that would increase gas and condensate productivity.
Eclipse 300 was used to simulate gas-condensate reservoirs, a base case model was created using both black-oil and compositional models. The effects of three Equation of States (EOS) incorporated into the models were analysed and condensate dropout effect on relative permeability was studied.
Analysis of various case models showed that, gas production was maintained at 500MMSCF/D for about 18 and 12 months for black-oil and compositional models, respectively. However, the compositional model revealed that condensate production began after a period of two months at 50MSTB/D whereas for the black oil model, condensate production began immediately at 32MSTB/D. Comparison of Peng-Robinson EOS, Soave-Redlich-Kwong EOS and Schmidt Wenzel EOS gave total estimates of condensate production as 19MMSTB, 15MMSTB and 9MMSTB and initial values of gas productivity index as 320, 380 and 560, respectively. The results also showed that as condensate saturation increased, the relative permeability of gas decreased from 1 to 0 while the relative permeability of oil increased from 0.15 to 0.85.
The reservoir simulation results showed that compositional model is better than black-oil model in modelling for gas-condensate reservoirs. Optimal production was obtained using 3-parameter Peng-Robinson and Soave-Redlich-Kwong EOS which provide a molar volume shift to prevent an underestimation of liquid density and saturations. Phase behaviour and relative permeability affect the behaviour of gas-condensate reservoirs.
Comparative Skeletal Structure
Authors: Rubin Clinton , DeStefano Vincent , Rubin Janet 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe sophisticated organisation of the skeleton achieves a structure that can withstand the extremes of functional load‐bearing. The growth, development and repair of the skeletal structure are realised through the tightly regulated remodelling of bone tissue, orchestrated by cells that specifically form or resorb the matrix. Diseases such as osteoporosis, where bone formation is overwhelmed by bone resorption, the skeleton is at great risk of fracture.Key ConceptsBone regulates its mass and architecture to meet two critical but competing responsibilities: Structural and metabolic.Bone morphology is highly regulated, achieved by the coordinated formation of bone, by osteoblasts, and resorption of bone by osteoclasts.Bone is a composite material, with its strength coming – primarily – from the intricate integration of an organic constituent, collagen, and an inorganic component, hydroxyapatite.Skeletal tissue is comprised of two ‘types’: the dense outer shell and shafts of long bones, made of cortical bone, and the internal scaffolds of bone struts, called trabeculae.Bones are filled with marrow, which provides the niche for two critical stem cells, hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, and thus the basis for the immune and regenerative capacity of the organism.The bone osteocytes, terminally differentiated osteoblasts encased in mineralized tissue, form a connective three dimensional syncytium that aids in recognition of physical signals. When functional loading increases, or decreases, osteocytes can signal to osteoblasts and osteoclasts to alter activity.Continual remodeling throughout lifespan requires that new osteoblasts and osteoclasts arise. While osteoclast activity rises during aging, the potential for osteoblast activity decreases, such that break down is greater than formation. This results in osteoporosis.
An updating approach for knowledge‐based planning models to improve plan quality and variability in volumetric‐modulated arc therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Nakamura Kenji , Okuhata Katsuya , Tamura Mikoto , Otsuka Masakazu , Kubo Kazuki , Ueda Yoshihiro , Nakamura Yasunori , Nakamatsu Kiyoshi , Tanooka Masao , Monzen Hajime , Nishimura Yasumasa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the dose–volume parameters and regression scatter plots of the iteratively improved RapidPlan (RP) models, specific knowledge‐based planning (KBP) models, in volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for prostate cancer over three periods.MethodsA RP1 model was created from 47 clinical intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)/VMAT plans. A RP2 model was created to exceed dosimetric goals which set as the mean values +1SD of the dose–volume parameters of RP1 (50 consecutive new clinical VMAT plans). A RP3 model was created with more strict dose constraints for organs at risks (OARs) than RP1 and RP2 models (50 consecutive anew clinical VMAT plans). Each RP model was validated against 30 validation plans (RP1, RP2, and RP3) that were not used for model configuration, and the dose–volume parameters were compared. The Cook's distances of regression scatterplots of each model were also evaluated.ResultsSignificant differences (p < 0.05) between RP1 and RP2 were found in Dmean (101.5% vs. 101.9%), homogeneity index (3.90 vs. 4.44), 95% isodose conformity index (1.22 vs. 1.20) for the target, V40Gy (47.3% vs. 45.7%), V60Gy (27.9% vs. 27.1%), V70Gy (16.4% vs. 15.2%), and V78Gy (0.4% vs. 0.2%) for the rectal wall, and V40Gy (43.8% vs. 41.8%) and V70Gy (21.3% vs. 20.5%) for the bladder wall, whereas only V70Gy (15.2% vs. 15.8%) of the rectal wall differed significantly between RP2 and RP3. The proportions of cases with a Cook's distance of <1.0 (RP1, RP2, and RP3 models) were 55%, 78%, and 84% for the rectal wall, and 77%, 68%, and 76% for the bladder wall, respectively.ConclusionsThe iteratively improved RP models, reflecting the clear dosimetric goals based on the RP feedback (dose–volume parameters) and more strict dose constraints for the OARs, generated superior dose–volume parameters and the regression scatterplots in the model converged. This approach could be used to standardize the inverse planning strategies.
Transmission study of the Abdominal Compression plate (BodyFIX Diaphragm Control) for abdominal and stereotactic body radiotherapy
Authors: Vaithianathan Hema , Harris Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeAbdominal Compression is one of the methods available to minimize breathing motion during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), particularly for abdominal malignancies. It might be necessary to treat some tumors with radiation entering through the compression device. One clinically available compression plate device (Elekta BodyFIX Diaphragm Control) was evaluated to understand its impact on dosimetry during clinical treatments.MethodsThe BodyFIX compression device was CT scanned following departmental stereo scanning protocols. Treatment planning system (TPS) calculations were used to determine attenuation ratios through each section of the compression device: the outer frame, compression plate, and higher density couch fixation points and compression screw. TPS calculated skin doses where the compression plate will come in contact with the skin were recorded. All attenuation ratio fields were measured on an Elekta Versa HD linear accelerator. Where differences in attenuation were observed, TPS density overrides were found to bring calculated doses into agreement with measurement.ResultsThe compression plate and frame showed low dose attenuation (3%–4%). Only minor density overrides for the frame were required due to artefacts from the limited CT field‐of‐view. The high‐density materials in the couch fixation points resulted in higher attenuation (14%–20%). Similarly, the compression screw recorded very high attenuation (44%–65%), depending on the length of screw used. Skin doses assessed from the TPS calculations showed dose build‐up under the compression plate that would result in skin receiving the maximum dose.ConclusionCompression devices can cause significant dose attenuation. Density overrides for TPS calculations are recommended for correcting attenuation in some sections of the device. High‐density structures like the fixation screw and frame fixation points create high levels of dosimetric uncertainty, and beam entry through those areas has been disallowed.
Identification of the Key Parameters for Horizontal Transition Dipole Orientation in Fluorescent and TADF Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Tenopala‐Carmona Francisco , Lee Oliver S. , Crovini Ettore , Neferu Ana M. , Murawski Caroline , Olivier Yoann , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Gather Malte C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), horizontal orientation of the emissive transition dipole moment (TDM) can improve light outcoupling efficiency by up to 50% relative to random orientation. Therefore, there have been extensive efforts to identify drivers of horizontal orientation. The aspect ratio of the emitter molecule and the glass‐transition temperature (Tg) of the films are currently regarded as particularly important. However, there remains a paucity of systematic studies that establish the extent to which these and other parameters control orientation in the wide range of emitter systems relevant for state‐of‐the‐art OLEDs. Here, recent work on molecular orientation of fluorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters in vacuum‐processed OLEDs is reviewed. Additionally, to identify parameters linked to TDM orientation, a meta‐analysis of 203 published emitter systems is conducted and combined with density‐functional theory calculations. Molecular weight (MW) and linearity are identified as key parameters in neat systems. In host–guest systems with low‐MW emitters, orientation is mostly influenced by the host Tg, whereas the length and MW of the emitter become more relevant for systems involving higher‐MW emitters. To close, a perspective of where the field must advance to establish a comprehensive model of molecular orientation is given.
Tellurium Single‐Crystal Arrays by Low‐Temperature Evaporation and Crystallization
Authors: Zhao Chunsong , Batiz Humberto , Yasar Bengisu , Kim Hyungjin , Ji Wenbo , Scott Mary C. , Chrzan Daryl C. , Javey Ali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThermally evaporated tellurium possesses an intriguing crystallization behavior, where an amorphous to crystalline phase transition happens at near‐ambient temperature. However, a comprehensive understanding and delicate control of the crystallization process for the evaporated Te films is lacking. Here, the kinetics and dynamics of the crystallization of thermally evaporated Te films is visualized and modeled. Low‐temperature processing of highly crystalline tellurium films with large grain size and preferred out‐of‐plane orientation ((100) plane parallel to the surface) is demonstrated by controlling the crystallization process. Tellurium single crystals with a lateral dimension of up to 6 µm are realized on various substrates including glass and plastic. Field‐effect transistors based on 5 °C crystallized Te single grains (6‐nm‐thick) exhibit an average effective hole mobility of ≈100 cm2 V−1 s−1, and on/off current ratio of ≈3 × 104.
Double‐ to Single‐Strand Transition Induces Forces and Motion in DNA Origami Nanostructures
Authors: Gür Fatih N. , Kempter Susanne , Schueder Florian , Sikeler Christoph , Urban Maximilian J. , Jungmann Ralf , Nickels Philipp C. , Liedl Tim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe design of dynamic, reconfigurable devices is crucial for the bottom‐up construction of artificial biological systems. DNA can be used as an engineering material for the de‐novo design of such dynamic devices. A self‐assembled DNA origami switch is presented that uses the transition from double‐ to single‐stranded DNA and vice versa to create and annihilate an entropic force that drives a reversible conformational change inside the switch. It is distinctively demonstrated that a DNA single‐strand that is extended with 0.34 nm per nucleotide – the extension this very strand has in the double‐stranded configuration – exerts a contractive force on its ends leading to large‐scale motion. The operation of this type of switch is demonstrated via transmission electron microscopy, DNA‐PAINT super‐resolution microscopy and darkfield microscopy. The work illustrates the intricate and sometimes counter‐intuitive forces that act in nanoscale physical systems that operate in fluids.
High Resolution Patterning of an Organic–Inorganic Photoresin for the Fabrication of Platinum Microstructures
Authors: Luitz Manuel , Lunzer Markus , Goralczyk Andreas , Mader Markus , Bhagwat Sagar , Warmbold Andreas , Helmer Dorothea , Kotz Frederik , Rapp Bastian E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlatinum (Pt) is an interesting material for many applications due to its high chemical resilience, outstanding catalytic activity, high electrical conductivity, and high melting point. However, microstructuring and especially 3D microstructuring of platinum is a complex process, based on expensive and specialized equipment often suffering from very slow processing speeds. In this work, organic–inorganic photoresins, which can be structured using direct optical lithography as well as two‐photon lithography (TPL) with submicrometer resolution and high‐throughput is presented. The printed structures are subsequently converted to high‐purity platinum using thermal debinding of the binder and reduction of the salt. With this technique, complex 3D structures with a 3D resolution of 300 nm were fabricated. At a layer thickness of 35 nm, the patterns reach a high conductivity of 67% compared to bulk platinum. Microheaters, thermocouple sensors as well as a Lab‐on‐a‐Chip system are presented as exemplary applications. This technology will enable a broad range of application from electronics, sensing and heating elements to 3D photonics and metamaterials.
Enhancing Thermoelectric Power Factor of 2D Organometal Halide Perovskites by Suppressing 2D/3D Phase Separation
Authors: Yang Seok Joo , Kim Daegun , Choi Jinhyeok , Kim Seong Hyeon , Park Kwanghee , Ryu Sunmin , Cho Kilwon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOrganometal halide perovskites (OHPs) exhibit superior charge transport characteristics and ultralow thermal conductivities. However, thermoelectric (TE) applications of OHPs have been limited because of difficulties in controlling their carrier concentration, which is a key to optimizing their TE properties. Here, facile control of the carrier concentration in Sn‐based OHPs is achieved by developing 2D crystal structures. The 2D OHP crystals are laterally oriented using a mixed solvent, and the morphology and crystal structure of the coexisting 2D/3D hybrid structures are systematically controlled via doping with methylammonium chloride. The effective number neff of inorganic octahedron layers in the 2D OHPs shows a strong positive correlation with the carrier concentration. Moreover, the 2D structure induces the quantum confinement effect, which enhances both the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity. A 2D OHP shows a high power factor of 111 µW m−1 K−2, which is an order of magnitude greater than the power factor of its 3D counterpart.
Nanoscale Photoluminescence Manipulation in Monolithic Porous Silicon Oxide Microcavity Coated with Rhodamine‐Labeled Polyelectrolyte via Electrostatic Nanoassembling
Authors: Chen Zhi , Robbiano Valentina , Paternò Giuseppe M. , Carnicella Giuseppe , Debrassi Aline , La Mattina Antonino A. , Mariani Stefano , Minotto Alessandro , Egri Gabriella , Dähne Lars , Cacialli Franco , Barillaro Giuseppe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPorous silicon (PSi) is a promising material for future integrated nanophotonics when coupled with guest emitters, still facing challenges in terms of homogenous distribution and nanometric thickness of the emitter coating within the silicon nanostructure. Herein, it is shown that the nanopore surface of a porous silicon oxide (PSiO2) microcavity (MC) can be conformally coated with a uniform nm‐thick layer of a cationic light‐emitting polyelectrolyte, e.g., poly(allylamine hydrochloride) labeled with Rhodamine B (PAH‐RhoB), leveraging the self‐tuned electrostatic interaction of the positively‐charged PAH‐RhoB polymer and negatively‐charged PSiO2 surface. It is found that the emission of PAH‐RhoB in the PSiO2 MC is enhanced (≈2.5×) and narrowed (≈30×) at the resonant wavelength, compared with that of PAH‐RhoB in a non‐resonant PSiO2 reference structure. The time‐resolved photoluminescence analysis highlights a shortening (≈20%) of the PAH‐RhoB emission lifetime in the PSiO2 MC at the resonance versus off‐resonance wavelengths, and with respect to the reference structure, thereby proving a significant variation of the radiative decay rate. Remarkably, an experimental Purcell factor Fp = 2.82 is achieved. This is further confirmed by the enhancement of the photoluminescence quantum yield of the PAH‐RhoB in the PSiO2 MC with respect to the reference structure. Application of the electrostatic nanoassembling approach to other emitting dyes, nanomaterials, and nanophotonic systems is envisaged.
Photocleavable Regenerative Network Materials with Exceptional and Repeatable Viscoelastic Manipulability
Authors: Oka Minami , Takagi Hideaki , Miyazawa Tomotaka , Waymouth Robert M. , Honda Satoshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe development of solventless system for modulating properties of network materials is imperative for the next generation sustainable technology. Utilization of photostimulation is important owing to its spatial and temporal locality, yet designing photoresponsive network materials exhibiting repeatable and dramatic change in their properties remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a photocleavable regenerative network (PRN) linked with photoresponsive hexaarylbiimidazoles (HABIs) synthesized from narrow dispersity star‐shaped poly(dimethylsiloxane)s (PDMSs) having 2,4,5‐triphenylimidazole end groups. The use of urea anion as a catalyst for ring opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic siloxane initiated from silanols enables control of molecular weight and dispersity. The rheological measurements for the synthesized PRNs exhibit drastic changes in storage and loss moduli (G′ and G″) upon photoirradiation in the solid state (G′ > G″). This photocontrolled change in viscoelasticity with retaining solidity enables application of PRNs as a remotely‐controlled photo‐melt adhesive and photo‐scissible string. The developed PRNs will enable a wide variety of applications such as industrially important next‐generation sustainable adhesive, sealant, and reversibly‐deformable 3D printing materials with their spatially and temporally local manipulability, solventless handleability, and excellent reversibility.
Individual measures of social support may have limited impact on physiological parameters among elderly Kuwaitis
Authors: Edes Ashley N. , Al‐Kandari Yagoub , Znidarsic Katherine A. , Crews Douglas E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesSocial support can buffer physiological stress responses, reducing morbidity and mortality risk, but research has occurred primarily in western populations. We examined whether social support was associated with physiological biomarkers in a non‐western sample.MethodsWe predicted evidence of increased physiological dysregulation in those with less social support among elderly Kuwaitis (≥60 years,n = 253). Measures of social support included marital status (married/unmarried), religiosity (low/high), whether adult children lived at home (yes/no), and perceived social support (low/medium/high). Using linear regression, we tested relationships between each social support measure and 17 biomarkers: cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone‐sulfate (DHEA‐S), epinephrine, norepinephrine, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist‐hip ratio (WHR), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL), TC/HDL, LDL/HDL, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and resting heart rate (RHR). We analyzed two models for each, one with the independent variable only and a second including age, smoking, and education as covariates.ResultsMarried participants had lower norepinephrine, but higher TC/HDL and LDL/HDL. Higher religiosity was negatively associated with TC (men only) but higher LDL, TC/HDL, and LDL/HDL. Participants with low self‐reported social support had higher DBP and HbA1c than those reporting medium or high levels.ConclusionsRelatively few biomarkers associated significantly with individual social support measures in a way that suggests improved health for those with more support. As such, some measures of social support may not be universally beneficial across cultures. Additionally, the high degree of respect for and integration of elders in Kuwait society may collectively buffer against negative effects. Cross‐cultural comparisons are critical to better understand how social support influences morbidity and mortality across populations.