bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of microfocused ultrasound with visualization for skin laxity among vegan and omnivore patients
Authors: Fusano Marta , Galimberti Michela Gianna , Bencini Matelda , Fusano Isabella , Bencini Pier Luca 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aging of facial structures depends on genetic, anatomic, chronologic, and environmental factors that affect the skin and underlying tissues. Microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) has emerged as a safe and effective treatment for skin laxity. As the nutritional status may contribute to skin aging, it would be interesting to evaluate whether different dietary patterns can also influence the response to MFU‐V treatment for skin laxity.AimsThe aim of this study is to compare the outcome of MFU‐V therapy between omnivore and vegan patients.MethodsTwenty‐seven vegan and twenty‐seven omnivorous women who underwent MFU‐V treatment for laxity of lower face and neck were enrolled. The clinical outcome was evaluated using the FLR (Facial Laxity Rating) scale after 3 and 6 months from treatment.ResultsAt baseline, no significant differences were found in terms of FLR scale in both treated sites. After 3 months, reduction in FLR scale was significantly lower for vegans both on face (P = .04) and neck (P = .004). At 6 months, vegan patients had a worse clinical outcome on lower face (P = .001) and neck (P < .001).ConclusionThe present study suggests that a vegan diet may negatively influence the outcome of a MFU‐V treatment.
Mechanisms of skin moisturization with hyperharmonized hydroxyl modified fullerene substance
Authors: Miljkovic Suzana , Jeftic Branislava , Stankovic Ivana , Stojiljkovic Nikola , Koruga Djuro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHyper Harmonized Hydroxyl Modified Fullerene Substance (3HFWC+) establishes hydrogen bonds with the surrounding water molecules and organizes them in clusters with the liquid crystalline state, similar to the properties of water surrounding the biomolecules.AimsTo investigate the moisturizing properties of hyperharmonized fullerenol—3HFWC+ as an emulsion O/W ingredient on the skin.Patients/MethodsWe have analyzed the reflexion of the blue light from the skin, in vivo, with different levels of moisturization and compared the influence of three groups of cosmetic products (with various active ingredients, 3HFWC+ or water in same percentage in the “vehiculum”) on skin moisturization by measuring paramagnetic/diamagnetic properties by Optomagnetic Imaging Spectroscopy.ResultsRegenerating Cream and Body Lotion have shown statistically significant increase of diamagnetic features predominantly in all 3 types of creams, while the Hand Cream formulations have not shown statistically significant results after 4 weeks of treatment. Anti‐aging cream with 3HFWC+ demonstrated statistically significant increase of paramagnetic properties of the skin (p+/p‐ from 0.90 to 0.62) and showed beneficial effects on information transfer and water content in stratum corneum.ConclusionAlthough it does not act as a classical moisturizing agent on the skin, 3HFWC+ can increase moisturization as a result of hydrogen bonds established among 3HFWC+ and water or biomolecules, liquid crystalline state of water in 3HFWC+ resembling the properties of water surrounding the biomolecules, and finally, liquid crystalline state of water in the products.
Best‐practices for preventing skin injury beneath personal protective equipment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A position paper from the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel
Authors: Padula William V. , Cuddigan Janet , Ruotsi Lee , Black Joyce M. , Brienza David , Capasso Virginia , Cox Jill , Delmore Barbara , Holden‐Mount Sarah , Munoz Nancy , Nie Ann Marie , Pittman Joyce , Sonenblum Sharon E. , Tescher Ann ,   For the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP)
Published: February 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 has infected millions of patients and impacted healthcare workers worldwide. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is a key component of protecting frontline clinicians against infection. The benefits of PPE far outweigh the risks, nonetheless, many clinicians are exhibiting skin injury caused by PPE worn incorrectly. These skin injuries, ranging from lesions to open wounds are concerning because they increase the susceptibility of viral infection and transmission to other individuals. Early into the COVID‐19 pandemic (April 2020), the U. S. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) developed a series of position statements to improve wear‐ability of PPE and protect healthcare professionals and their patients as safe from harm as possible under the circumstances. The NPIAP positions, which were formed by conducting a systematic review of what was known at the time, include: (a) Prepare skin before and after wearing PPE with skin sealants, barrier creams and moisturisers; (b) Frequent PPE offloading to relieve pressure and shear applied to skin; (c) treat visible skin injuries immediately caused by PPE to minimise future infection; (d) non‐porous dressings may provide additional skin protection, but lack evidence; (e) health systems should take care to educate clinicians about placement and personal hygiene related to handling PPE. Throughout all of these practices, handwashing remains a top priority to handle PPE. These NPIAP positions provided early guidance to reduce the risk of skin injury caused by PPE based on available research regarding PPE injuries, a cautious application of evidence‐based recommendations on prevention of device‐related pressure injuries in patients and the expert opinion of the NPIAP Board of Directors. Clinicians who adhere to these recommendations reduce the prospects of skin damage and long‐term effects (e.g. scarring). These simple steps to minimise the risk of skin injury and reduce the risk of coronavirus infection from PPE can help.
The Economics of Hedge Fund Startups: Theory and Empirical Evidence
Authors: CAO CHARLES , FARNSWORTH GRANT , ZHANG HONG 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThis paper examines how market frictions influence the managerial incentives and organizational structure of new hedge funds. We develop a stylized model in which new managers search for accredited investors and have stronger incentives to acquire managerial skill when encountering low investor demand. Fund families endogenously arise to mitigate frictions and weaken the performance incentives of affiliated new funds. Empirically, based on a TASS‐HFR‐BarclayHedge merged database, we find that ex ante identified cold inceptions facing low investor demand outperform existing hedge funds and hot inceptions facing high demand and that cold stand‐alone inceptions outperform all types of family‐affiliated inceptions.
Short‐term neuropsychiatric outcomes and quality of life in COVID‐19 survivors
Authors: Méndez R. , Balanzá‐Martínez V. , Luperdi S.C. , Estrada I. , Latorre A. , González‐Jiménez P. , Feced L. , Bouzas L. , Yépez K. , Ferrando A. , Hervás D. , Zaldívar E. , Reyes S. , Berk M. , Menéndez R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe general medical impacts of coronavirus (COVID‐19) are increasingly appreciated. However, its impact on neurocognitive, psychiatric health and quality of life (QoL) in survivors after the acute phase is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate neurocognitive function, psychiatric symptoms and QoL in COVID‐19 survivors shortly after hospital discharge.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional analysis of a prospective study of hospitalized COVID‐19 survivors followed up for 2 months after discharge. A battery of standardized instruments evaluating neurocognitive function, psychiatric morbidity and QoL (mental and physical components) was administered by telephone.ResultsOf the 229 screened patients, 179 were included in the final analysis. Amongst survivors, the prevalence of moderately impaired immediate verbal memory and learning was 38%, delayed verbal memory (11.8%), verbal fluency (34.6%) and working memory (executive function) (6.1%), respectively. Moreover, 58.7% of patients had neurocognitive impairment in at least one function. Rates of positive screening for anxiety, depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder were 29.6%, 26.8% and 25.1%, respectively. In addition, 39.1% of the patients had psychiatric morbidity. Low QoL for physical and mental components was detected in 44.1% and 39.1% of patients respectively. Delirium and psychiatric morbidity were associated with neurocognitive impairment, and female gender was related with psychiatric morbidity.ConclusionHospitalized COVID‐19 survivors showed a considerable prevalence of neurocognitive impairment, psychiatric morbidity and poor QoL in the short term. It is uncertain if these impacts persist over the long term.
Pregnancy Intentions of First‐Time Mothers and Their Children's Outcomes: Unraveling Reciprocal Pathways
Authors: Claridge Amy M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis current study tested a cross‐lagged model to examine reciprocal associations among maternal depressive symptoms, parenting stress, positive parenting practices, and coparenting satisfaction, and whether they served as pathways through which pregnancy intention was associated with children's outcomes.BackgroundUnintended pregnancy is prevalent in the United States and has been linked to negative outcomes for children. However, few studies have identified mechanisms through which pregnancy intention is associated with children's outcomes.MethodThe sample included 224 first‐time mothers from the Predicting and Preventing Neglect in Teen Mothers Study. Mothers completed a series of questionnaires across several time points between the third trimester of pregnancy and 36‐months postpartum. A cross‐lagged autoregressive model was used to determine pathways through which unintended pregnancy was associated with child outcomes, and bootstrapping analyses were used to test significance of indirect effects.ResultsResults revealed multiple pathways through which unintended pregnancy was associated with children's externalizing, internalizing, dysregulation, and social–emotional competence at 36 months. Maternal parenting stress and positive parenting practices emerged as the most salient mechanisms in the association, and depressive symptoms continued to directly predict later child outcomes.ConclusionUnintended pregnancy tends to be associated with use of fewer positive parenting practices and more parenting stress, which over time is associated with negative child outcomes.ImplicationsMothers experiencing unintended pregnancies may benefit from early intervention to address parenting and depressive symptoms in order to promote healthy outcomes among their children over time.
Effects of nitrogen deficiency induced by straw decomposition after incorporation into soil on the autophagy and pathogenicity of Fusarium graminearum based on an off‐line simulation
Authors: Chai Xicun , Zhou Tianyu , Liu Yutao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe high severity of plant diseases has hampered the implementation of straw incorporation technology in practice. To clarify the relationship between the nitrogen deficiency caused by wheat straw decomposition and Fusarium head blight (FHB) occurrence, five nitrogen levels as 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% were set to simulate the nitrogen changing after straw incorporated into soil and its effects on the pathogenicity of Fusarium graminearum. Nitrogen starvation degree was characterized by autophagy. Seedling infection and toxin production were used to test pathogenicity. The results showed that biomass of F. graminearum cultured in 25% nitrogen level medium for 72 hr and 120 hr were 0.39 g/ml and 0.29 g/ml, respectively, and were greater than those of other treatments at the same time (p < .05). The spore germination in 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% nitrogen level media were greater than those in 100% nitrogen level medium, in which the total nitrogen deficiency was the greatest (p < .05), reaching 64.5%. Total nitrogen deficiency would lead to F. graminearum autophagic death, while other treatments displayed different starvation responses in F. graminearum. F. graminearum cultured in 25% and 50% nitrogen levels media for 48 and 72 hr or in 75% nitrogen level medium for 168 hr produced more deoxynivalenol (DON). The lesion lengths caused by F. graminearum treated with 25%, 50% and 75% nitrogen levels for 72 hr were 18.33 mm, 15.78 mm and 14.96 mm, respectively, which were significantly longer than the lesions at the 0% (10.57 mm) and 100% (12.18 mm) nitrogen levels. The results indicated that the pathogenicity of F. graminearum was affected by nitrogen levels significantly and partial nitrogen deficiency could prompt the severity of FHB.
First report of septoria steviae causing stevia leaf spot in Thailand
Authors: Termsung Natthida , Cheewangkoon Ratchadawan , Kunasakdakul Kaewalin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStevia leaf spot is present in stevia production fields in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The disease was characterized by distinct lesions with angular chlorotic halos that result in defoliation. Based on morphological characters and sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 = ITS), rDNA 28S subunit (LSU) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes, the pathogen was identified as Septoria steviae. Pathogenicity tests proved Koch's postulates, supporting S. steviae as the causal agent of stevia leaf spot in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Mancozeb, chlorothalonil, difenoconazole and azoxystrobin significantly inhibited mycelial growth of S. steviae under in vitro conditions at label the recommended concentrations. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Septoria leaf spot disease on stevia caused by S. steviae in Thailand.
A Bayesian network model to identify the associations between the use of seclusion in psychiatric care and nursing managers' attitudes towards containment methods
Authors: Laukkanen Emilia , Kuosmanen Lauri , Louheranta Olavi , Ryynänen Olli‐Pekka , Vehviläinen‐Julkunen Katri 
Published: February 2021

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject

Seclusion is used frequently in psychiatric care, despite its potential adverse effects.

Several programmes aiming to reduce the use of seclusion identify leadership and management as key strategies—however, studies concerning leaders and managers are missing.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge

Nursing managers' negative attitudes towards seclusion are associated with less use of the measure, and nursing managers' higher age is associated with increased use of seclusion.

What are the implications for practice

Nursing managers should be encouraged to guide their staff to reduce the use of seclusion.

The negative influences of seclusion and the potential of alternative measures should be highlighted in the education and training of psychiatric nursing managers.

AbstractIntroductionThe use of seclusion in psychiatric care should be reduced. The relationship between nursing management or nursing managers' attitudes and the use of seclusion has not been investigated.AimTo describe the associations between the use of seclusion and psychiatric nursing managers' attitudes to containment methods.MethodRegister data concerning the use of seclusion in Finnish psychiatric care in 2017 were collected. The Attitudes to Containment Measures Questionnaire was used to illustrate psychiatric nursing managers' attitudes to containment methods. An Augmented Naive Bayes analysis was used to investigate the relationships of the use of seclusion and attitudes.ResultsNursing managers' age and their attitudes towards containment methods were related to the use of seclusion. Especially nursing managers' negative perceptions of seclusion were associated with less use of seclusion, and seclusion was used more often on wards with nursing managers who were older than the average.ConclusionNursing managers' negative attitudes towards seclusion have a potential impact on the use of seclusion, which might even result in a reduction in its use in psychiatric inpatient setting.Implications for practiceThe results suggest that nursing managers should be encouraged to guide their staff to decrease the use of seclusion.
Geographical vs. ecological diversification inCarexsectionPhacocystis(Cyperaceae): Patterns hidden behind a twisted taxonomy
Authors: Benítez‐Benítez Carmen , Martín‐Bravo Santiago , Bjorå Charlotte S. , Gebauer Sebastian , Hipp Andrew L. , Hoffmann Matthias H. , Luceño Modesto , Pedersen Tyril M. , Reznicek Anton , Roalson Eric , Volkova Polina , Yano Okihito , Spalink Daniel , Jiménez‐Mejías Pedro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCarexsectionPhacocystis(Cyperaceae) is one of the most diverse and taxonomically complex groups of sedges (between 116 and 147 species), with a worldwide distribution in a wide array of biomes. It has a very complicated taxonomic history, with numerous disagreements among different treatments. We studied the biogeography and niche evolution in a phylogenetic framework to unveil the relative contribution of geographical and ecological drivers to diversification of the group. We used a large species sampling of the section (82% of extant species) to build a phylogeny based on four DNA regions, constrained with a phylogenomic HybSeq tree and dated with six fossil calibrations. Our phylogenetic results recovered sectionPhacocystiss.s. (core Phacocystis) as sister to sectionPraelongae. Ancestral area reconstruction points toward the N Pacific as the cradle for the crown diversification of sectionPhacocystisduring the Middle Miocene. Wide distributions were recurrently inferred across deep nodes. Large Northern Hemisphere lineages with geographical congruence were retrieved, pointing toward the importance of allopatric divergence at deep phylogenetic levels, whereas within‐area speciation emerges as the predominant pattern at shallow phylogenetic level. The Southern Hemisphere (Neotropics, SW Pacific) was colonized several times from the Northern Hemisphere. The global expansion ofCarexsectionPhacocystisdid not entail major ecological changes along the inner branches of the phylogeny. Nevertheless, ecological differentiation seems to gain importance toward recent times.
Imagery rehearsal therapy and/or mianserin in treatment of refugees diagnosed with PTSD: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sandahl Hinuga , Jennum Poul , Baandrup Lone , Lykke Mortensen Erik , Carlsson Jessica 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSleep disturbances are frequently part of the symptomatology in refugees with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It has been suggested that targeting sleep disturbances may enhance the outcome of PTSD treatment. However, randomized studies on the effect of treatment focusing on sleep disturbances in refugees with PTSD are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine add‐on treatment with imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) and/or mianserin against treatment as usual (TAU) alone in a sample of trauma‐affected refugees with PTSD at 8–12 months follow‐up. In a randomized controlled trial, 219 adult refugees diagnosed with PTSD and suffering from sleep disturbances were randomized to four groups (1:1:1:1) receiving, respectively, TAU, TAU + mianserin, TAU + IRT, and TAU + IRT + mianserin. The primary outcome was subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and the secondary outcomes included PTSD and depression symptoms, level of functioning and subjective well‐being. The data were analysed using mixed models. The only significant effect of IRT was on level of functioning (p = .040, ES 0.44), whereas there was no significant effect of mianserin on any of the measured outcomes. Low adherence to both IRT (39%) and mianserin (20%) was observed. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find IRT or mianserin to be superior to TAU. The low adherence may potentially cause an underestimation of the effect of IRT and mianserin and indicates a necessity to further analyse the complex factors that may impact the motivation and ability of trauma‐affected refugees to participate in and profit from available treatment options.
Evolutionary seroepidemiology of viral hepatitis and the gap in hepatitis C care cascades among uraemic patients receiving haemodialysis in Taiwan—the Formosa‐Like Group
Authors: Wei Yu‐Ju , Hsu Po‐Yao , Lee Jia‐Jung , Niu Sheng‐Wen , Huang Jiun‐Chi , Hsu Cheng‐Ting , Jang Tyng‐Yuan , Yeh Ming‐Lun , Huang Ching‐I , Liang Po‐Cheng , Lin Yi‐Hung , Hsieh Ming‐Yen , Hsieh Meng‐Hsuan , Chen Szu‐Chia , Dai Chia‐Yen , Lin Zu‐Yau , Chen Shinn‐Cherng , Huang Jee‐Fu , Chang Jer‐Ming , Hwang Shang‐Jyh , Chuang Wan‐Long , Huang Chung‐Feng , Chiu Yi‐Wen , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUraemic patients undergoing haemodialysis are at high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We aimed to evaluate the evolutionary seroprevalence of viral hepatitis and the gap in HCV care cascades in this special population by a large‐scale surveillance study in Taiwan. Uraemic patients on maintenance haemodialysis from 22 sites (FORMOSA‐LIKE group) in 2012 (n = 1,680) and 2019 (n = 2,326) were recruited for this study. The distributions and sequential changes of viral hepatitis markers were analysed. The prevalence of anti‐HCV antibody and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity was 13.6% (316/2326) and 11.5% (267/2326), respectively, in 2019 compared with 17.3% (290/1680, P = .002) and 13.6% (229/1680, P = .046), respectively, in 2012. The HCV‐viremic rate among anti‐HCV‐seropositive patients was significantly lower in 2019 than in 2012 (56.3% [178/316] vs. 73.8% [214/290], P < .001). The HCV treatment rate increased from 2.3% (5/217) in 2012 to 21.7% (49/226) in 2019 (P < .001). In the sequential analysis of the 490 patients who participated in both screens, 17 of the 55 HCV‐viremic patients became HCV RNA seronegative, including 13 by antivirals and four spontaneously. By contrast, one anti‐HCV‐seropositive but nonviremic patient became viremic, and six anti‐HCV‐seronegative patients became anti‐HCV‐seropositive in 2019. The annual incidence of new HCV was 0.2%/year. Seven HBsAg‐seropositive patients experienced HBsAg loss (1.25%/year). Two patients had new anti‐HBc seropositivity (new HBV exposure: 0.57%/year). The seroprevalence of viral hepatitis decreased in an 8‐year follow‐up but remained prevalent, and the treatment of HCV infection was underutilized in uraemic patients. Additional efforts are needed to enhance the HCV treatment uptake of uraemic patients.Clinical Trial IDs: NCT03803410, NCT01766895.