bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Study on Prediction Reliability of The Severity of Computed Tomography Involvement in Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Kalkan Semih , Gurler Volkan , Guner AHMET , Kalcik Macit , Kasali Kamber , Keten Mustafa Ferhat , Tonkaz Gokhan , Bayam Emrah , Karaduman Ahmet , Ozkan Mehmet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Computed tomography (CT) emerges as a high–sensitivity tool in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 virus on admission, even with the cases of negative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Moreover, CT plays a significant role in the evaluation of disease severity. In this study, we aimed to identify several parameters that could aid in evaluating the initial chest CT severity score (CT-SS).Methods: A total of 348 RT-PCR positive patients were divided into three groups by evaluating the chest CT severity score (CT-SS) in detail. These three groups were defined as the CT-SS obtained 0-7, 8-15, 16-40 classified as mild, moderate and severe involvement, respectively. Patients with end-stage malignancy or immunodeficiency were excluded from the study. All CT images were evaluated by two chest radiologists, unaware of the clinical data.Results: The analysis of categorical variables show that the chest CT-SS tends to increase with higher CHA2DS2VASC risk score (RS) (p= 0.001), M-CHA2DS2VASC RS (p = 0.001), and CHADS2 RS (p = 0.003). Moreover, age, hypertension, cardiothoracic ratio, aortic diameter, white blood cell count, neutrophil counts, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, c-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin, fibrinogen, blood urea nitrogen, and lactate dehydrogenase were also found to be associated with higher chest CT-SS. A 5-variable multivariable linear regression model, consisting of more frequently used variables, suggests a higher CHA2DS2VASC RS as the only statistically significant variable predicting a higher severity scoreConclusion: The CHA2DS2VASC RS may assist clinicians in predicting the CT-SS in COVID-19 patients, even if they are asymptomatic.
Physical activity is associated with disease severity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Prasad Jyotika Devi , Holland Anne E , Glaspole Ian N , Westall Glen P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPhysical inactivity is associated with poor outcomes in patients with many chronic lung diseases, however little is known about physical activity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Our aim was to describe daily physical activity (DPA) in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IPF and analyse its associations with traditional markers of disease severity and quality of life.MethodsFifty-nine patients with IPF had DPA parameters and sedentary time assessed with the Sensewear armband for seven consecutive days. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Data on current markers of disease severity; forced vital capacity (FVC), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as well as prognostic markers; composite physiologic index (CPI) and gender age and physiology (GAP) was collected.ResultsPatients had a median daily step count of 3957 (300–7614), mean daily moderate to vigorous (MV) physical activity duration of 8.6 minutes (-13.1 to 30.3) and mean total daily sedentary time of 1234.6 minutes (± 122.8). Patients with early stages of IPF according to GAP stage had significantly higher daily step count than those with more severe disease (p < 0.003). Age, BMI and DLCO accounted for 54% variability in physical activity duration. The 6-minute walk distance and DLCO accounted for 44% variability in daily step count. Patient reported outcomes had weak association with daily step count and MV physical activity duration.ConclusionIn IPF, increasing disease severity is associated with reduced DPA. DPA may be a meaningful outcome for future trials of therapies designed to enhance patient functioning and wellbeing.Trial Registration: please note that a request has been made for retrospective registration with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry with the request number being 381161. Due to holiday period closure, this is yet to be processed. I will supply this as soon as accepted.
Dexmedetomidine reduced isoflurane neurotoxicity by preventing cytoskeletal depolymerization via the BDNF/RhoA signal pathway
Authors: Chi Liang , Yao Xiaoyang , Gao Caixia , Dong Huansheng , Liu huanqi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has a significant neuroprotective effect in isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity during the critical period of synaptogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which Dex protects developing neurons are not clear. This research evaluated the protective effect of Dex against neuronal damage induced by isoflurane using a mouse model.
Methods

Neonatal Swiss mice at postnatal day 7 (PND7) were injected intraperitoneally with 15µg/kg, 20µg/kg, or 25µg/kg Dex, or normal saline, and then treated with 2% isoflurane for 2h. The results showed that 20µg/kg Dex could reduce isoflurane-induced neurocognitive deficits as assessed using the Morris water maze. The mechanisms by which Dex protected neurons were investigated using hippocampal neurons isolated from PND4-7 mice and exposed to 2% isoflurane (2h). Dex prevented cytoskeletal depolymerization that was induced by isoflurane.
Results

15µg/ml Dex significantly reduced the percentage of apoptotic neurons. Dex reduced expression of activated caspase-3 in neurons compared to isoflurane only exposed mice. Using primary cell cultures from neonatal mouse hippocampi, we determined that dexmedetomidine could reverse isoflurane-induced RhoA (a small
A Path Analysis Model for Explaining Factors That Influence the Use of Masker among Commuting Workers Using KRL Commuter Line Bogor Jakarta
Authors: Kusmawan David , Andari Shofi , S Indri Hapsari 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Jakarta is one of the most air polluted cities in the world, it can increase the risk of healthy of commuting worker. As one of the most air polluted cities in the world, Jakarta is at high risk of its commuting worker’s health. They are at risk of being exposed to pollutant. This study aims to determine the factors influencing directly and indirectly to healthy behavior (using masker) for commuting workers who use the KRL Commuterline Bogor - Jakarta. A total of 155 respondents participated in the study and the collected data were then analyzed using descriptive and path analysis. Commuters are aware of the hazard potential related to air pollution during commuting were 137 people (88.4%). Commuters with good perception of pollution were 104 people (67.1%). Commuters used masker during commuting was 125 people (80.6%). Healthy behavior (using masker) in commuting worker using KRL Commuter Line were affected by some factors both directly and indirectly. Knowledge and commuting experience toward healthy behavior using masker were two variables with a significant direct influence on healthy behavior using masker, and knowledge was also the only mediated variable with a significant indirect effect of education to healthy behavior (using masker).
Adaptation strategies for rainfed rice water management under climate change in Songkhram River Basin, Thailand
Authors: Boonwichai Siriwat , Shrestha Sangam , Pradhan Pragya , Babel Mukand S. , Datta Avishek 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the potential impacts of climate change on water resources and evaluates adaptation strategies on rainfed rice water management under climate change scenarios in the Songkhram River Basin, Thailand. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to project the future water availability under climate change scenarios for the period of 2020–2044. Future annual water availability is expected to remain unchanged due to unchanged future rainfall but expected to reduce from June to November due to changes in seasonal rainfall. The effects of supplying irrigation water to reduce the impact of climate change and increase rainfed rice production were evaluated. To increase the rice production by 15%, it is proposed to construct a reservoir with a capacity of below 65 MCM in each of the 15 sub-basins to fulfill the irrigation water requirements during the rainfed rice season. Alternatively, adaptation at the farm scale can be implemented by constructing ponds with a capacity of 900 m3 to store water for 1 ha of rice field to meet the potential rice yield during the non-rainfed rice season. The results of this study are helpful to policymakers in understanding the potential impacts of climate change and the formulation of adaptation strategies for water and rice sectors in the basin.
Treatment of wastewater from a dairy plant by adsorption using synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles: kinetics and isotherms modeling optimization
Authors: Al-Ananzeh Nada M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDairy plants produce 1 to 4 L of wastewater per 1 L of processed milk. The wastewater contains high values of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentrations, in addition to high levels of dissolved solids. In this study, synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) coupled with Sophora Japonica fruit, were used as an adsorbent, for the first time, to treat the effluent of dairy plants in a batch adsorption process. The analysis techniques, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to characterize the adsorbent. The COD removal, using (CuONPs)-based adsorbent, was investigated by varying contact time, masses of the adsorbent, initial COD value and temperatures. The optimum conditions for highest removal percentage were contact time of 120 min, a temperature of 25 °C, pH value of 7.5, and 1 g of adsorbent. The initial COD values used were in the range of 100–700 ppm. The COD percent removal was in the range of 77 to 95%. Freundlich isotherm exhibited the best fitting for the results (R2 = 0.998) with a favorable spontaneous exothermic adsorption process. Based on the calculated normalized deviation value, the modified diffusion model, intra-diffusion, and pseudo-second-order kinetics all showed very good fitting for the adsorption data as indicated by the kinetics study.
Phytochemical Screening, In vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory
Properties, and Acute Toxicity of Extracts from the Aerial Parts of
Ephedra nebrodensis, a Source of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Hamoudi Meriem , Amroun Djouher , Boutefnouchet Sabrina , Bensouici Chawki , Kaoula Samira , Harzallah Daoud , Khennouf Seddik , Dahamna Saliha 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Due to the strong association between the chemistry of medicinal plants
and their biological properties, it is important to determine their phytochemical composition to
justify experimental tests.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and the enzyme inhibitory
properties and to identify the bioactive compounds present in the extracts of Ephedra nebrodensis
growing in Algeria.

Methods:
Total phenolic and flavonoids content in these extracts were quantified by Folin-
Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods. The antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH,
ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, CUPRAC and FRAP assays, and in vitro cholinesterase activity
against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were evaluated. The chemical constituents
of the extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass
spectrometric detection and gas chromatography. For the acute toxicity study, extracts were
administered to mice at single dose of 2 g/kg and 5 g/kg by gavage.

Results:
Plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds. Ethyl acetate extract presented the
highest phenolic (238.44 ± 1.50 μg GAE /mg of extract) and flavonoid (21.12 ± 0.00 μg QE /mg
of extract) contents. Likewise, ethyl acetate extract showed potent radical scavenging and reducing
properties. Ethanol-acetone extract showed inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase, and
was a potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase. In all extracts, flavonoids were the most abundant
compounds. The phytochemical investigation showed the presence of alkaloids (ephedrine and
pseudo-ephedrine). In the acute toxicity, the LD50 was superior to 5 g/kg body weight. There were
no alterations in the histology of the liver and kidneys.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated a good antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity
of aerial parts of E. nebrodensis.
Various Müllerian-duct Anomalies in Women at Rural Tertiary Care Center
of Northern India: An Observational Study
Authors: Kumar Naina , Yadav Ashu 
Published: March 2021

Aims:
Present study was conducted to know presentations and nature of Müllerian-duct anomalies in rural women.

Background:
Müllerian anomalies are congenital defects of female reproductive tract resulting from faulty development and fusion of Müllerian ducts.

Objectives:
To identify common Müllerian anomalies, their presentation, radiological appearances, complications, associated renal anomalies in rural women of Northern India.

Methods:
Present observational study was conducted on 181 female patients with suspected Müllerian anomalies presenting to the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with various complaints. Data included age, religion, menarche, previous pregnancy if any, duration of infertility, presenting complaints, type of Müllerian anomaly, incidental or symptomatic, diagnostic method, associated anomalies. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.0 version software. Results: Of 181 patients, 16.5% were adolescents, 83.5% adult women with an overall mean (SD) age of 25.02 (5.96) years. Of these, 170 had true Müllerian-duct anomalies and 11 had defects other than Müllerian anomalies, hence excluded. Total 158(92.9%) patients were symptomatic and 12(7.1%) asymptomatic at presentation. The majority (75.9%) were diagnosed incidentally during their visit to the department for various complaints of which infertility (32.4%) was most common. Septate uterus (29.4%) was most common anomaly diagnosed followed by Müllerian agenesis/hypoplasia (22.9%). Around 11.2% cases had associated renal and collecting system anomalies with unilateral renal agenesis (47.4%) being most common.

Results:
Of 181 patients, 16.5% were adolescents, 83.5% adult women with an overall mean (SD) age of 25.02 (5.96) years. Of these, 170 had true Müllerian-duct anomalies and 11 had defects other than Müllerian anomalies, hence excluded. Total 158(92.9%) patients were symptomatic and 12(7.1%) asymptomatic at presentation. The majority (75.9%) were diagnosed incidentally during their visit to the department for various complaints of which infertility (32.4%) was most common. Septate uterus (29.4%) was most common anomaly diagnosed followed by Müllerian agenesis/hypoplasia (22.9%). Around 11.2% cases had associated renal and collecting system anomalies with unilateral renal agenesis (47.4%) being most common.

Conclusion:
Hence, Müllerian-duct anomalies have diverse presentations and most of them are diagnosed incidentally. Other: The exact prevalence of Müllerian-duct anomalies may be high, especially in rural India due to lack of knowledge and societal pressures.
Conifer Essential Oils Reversed Amyloid Beta1-42 Action by Modulating
BDNF and ARC Expression in The Rat Hippocampus
Authors: Postu Paula Alexandra , Tiron Adrian , Tiron Crina Elena , Gorgan Dragoș Lucian , Mihasan Marius , Hritcu Lucian 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The conifer species Pinus halepensis (Pinaceae) and Tetraclinis articulata
(Cupressaceae) are widely used in traditional medicine due to their beneficial health properties.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which P. halepensis and T. articulata
essential oils (1% and 3%) could exhibit neuroprotective effects in an Alzheimer's disease
(AD) rat model, induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of amyloid beta1-42
(Aβ1-42).

Method:
The essential oils were administered by inhalation to the AD rat model, once daily, for 21
days. DNA fragmentation was assessed through a Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. Brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF), activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC), and interleukin-
1β (IL-1β) gene expressions were determined by RT-qPCR analysis, while BDNF and ARC
protein expressions were assessed using immunohistochemistry technique.

Results:
Our data showed that both essential oils substantially attenuated memory impairments,
with P. halepensis mainly stimulating ARC expression and T. articulata mostly enhancing BDNF
expression. Also, the inhalation of essential oils reduced IL-1β expression and induced positive effects
against DNA fragmentation associated with Aβ1-42-induced toxicity, further contributing to
the cognitive improvement in the rats with the AD-like model.

Conclusion:
Our findings provide further evidence that these essential oils and their chemical constituents
could be natural agents of therapeutic interest against Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity.
In Silico Analysis of Drug Repurposing Strategy for the Identification of Potential NS3 Helicase Inhibitors Against Zika Virus
Authors: Loganathan Lakshmanan , Carlus S. Justin , Muthusamy Karthikeyan 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Ancestral recapitulation of the Zika virus from Uganda, Africa, an epidemic
in American territories since 2015, was reported by CDC, 2016. To date, there is no specific vaccine
or drug for the Zika virus.

Objective:
The study aims to identify the potential inhibitors that have the capability to be effective
against Zika virus. Natural and FDA-approved anti-viral drug molecules are utilized through the drug
repurposing approach to screen the lead compounds.

Method:
Molecular docking approach was utilized to screen the best hit compounds. The identified
compounds were further evaluated through binding free energy calculations and physiochemical
properties. Density functional theory calculations were calculated for the best hit compounds to observe
the structural properties and electrophilic/nucleophilic attack at the quantum level. Furthermore,
molecular dynamic simulation studies provide insight into structural stability and conformational
analysis of the protein and ligand molecules.

Result:
Non-covalent interactions observed between the molecules are Gly199, Lys200, Thr201,
Arg202, Asn417, Glu231, Glu286, and Arg459. Telaprevir, a Hepatitis C virus (NS3/4 protease)
inhibitor, and Curcuma Longa, a natural drug, are found to be more potent druggable candidates
among the screened leads for the Zika virus.

Conclusion:
The results of the study suggest Telaprevir and Curcuma Longa to be considered as the
lead agents for experimental studies on Zika virus. The outcome of the study may provide much
knowledge in designing anti-zika drugs in the future.
KONTRIBUSI PENGASUHAN ORANGTUA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN SISWA SERTA IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PROGRAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING
Authors: Agustine Fadilla , Khairun Deasy Yunika , Nurmala Meilla Dwi 
Published: March 2021

Usia remaja merupakan masa transisi menuju kedewasaan. Namun, beberapa siswa SMA belum menunjukkan sikap yang mengarah pada kedewasaan misalnya mencontek dan mudah dipengaruhi oleh teman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dan besaran kontribusi antara pengasuhan orangtua dengan kemandirian siswa. Hasilnya dapat digunakan untuk merancang program bimbingan dan konseling untuk meningkatkan kemandirian siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan jenis korelasi. Data dikumpulkan dari 96 siswa kelas XI SMAN 7 Kota Serang melalui angket dan dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara pengasuhan orangtua terhadap kemandirian siswa, meskipun tingkat interpretasi hubungannya rendah. Besaran kontribusi pengasuhan orangtua terhadap kemandirian yakni 11%, yang berarti masih ada 89% faktor lain yang berkontribusi terhadap kemandirian siswa namun tidak tercakup dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Pengasuhan orangtua, kemandirian siswa, siswa SMA
PESANTREN LANSIA: TELAAH PADA PENDIDIKAN SPIRITUAL SANTRI LANSIA DI PONDOK SEPUH PAYAMAN MAGELANG
Authors: Agustina Dwi 
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang pendidikan spiritual santri lansia di Pondok Sepuh Payaman Magelang. Secara kultural, pendidikan telah dimulai dari lahir hingga meninggal dunia. Usaha sadar akan sebuah pendidikan tidak hanya pada usia dini tetapi sampai pada usia lanjut. Perhatian tersebut ada karena perlunya pegangan lansia akan kebutuhan agama sebagai bekal di akhirat. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif studi kasus. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan pengamatan. Temuan dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi lansia menjadi santri di pondok sepuh karena keinginan mereka sendiri dan keinginan dari keluarga untuk belajar ilmu agama dan meninggal dalam keadaan husnul khotimah. Kehidupan santri lansia selama di pondok, dihabiskan untuk beribadah secara ritual maupun sosial selama lebih dari 12 jam. Tujuan, metode, dan materi pembelajaran menjadi komponen utama dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan spiritual di pondok sepuh. Tidak ada hukuman dalam membina santri lansia. Namun, sangsi sosial berlaku bagi santri lansia yang tidak mengikuti pembelajaran. Kata kunci: Pendidikan, lansia, pesantren
The Effectiveness and Usability of Online, Group-Based Interventions for People With Severe Obesity: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Swancutt Dawn , Burns Lorna , Pinkney Jonathan , Tarrant Mark , Calitri Raff , Chatterjee Arunangsu , Meinert Edward 
Published: March 2021

Background
Globally, obesity is a growing crisis. Despite obesity being preventable, over a quarter of the UK adult population is currently considered clinically obese (typically body mass index ≥35 kg/m2). Access to treatment for people with severe obesity is limited by long wait times and local availability. Online and group-based interventions provide means of increasing the accessibility of obesity prevention and treatment services. However, there has been no prior review of the effectiveness of group-based interventions delivered online for people with severe obesity.

Objective
The purpose of this systematic review protocol is to provide an evaluation of the effectiveness and usability of different types of online, group-based interventions for people with severe obesity.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) and the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study (PICOS) frameworks were used to structure this review. The review will systematically search 7 databases: MEDLINE, Embase, the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, APA PsycNet, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses databases. Two authors (MM-I and LB) will independently screen the titles and abstracts of identified articles, select studies for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria, and extract data into a standardized form. Any disagreements will be discussed and resolved by a third reviewer (EM) if necessary. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias 2 tool and a descriptive analysis will be used to evaluate effectiveness and usability.

Results
The systematic review has not yet been started. It is expected to be completed and submitted for publication by December 2021.

Conclusions
This systematic review will summarize the effectiveness and usability of online, group-based interventions for people with obesity. It will identify the types of online delivery that have the strongest support to help inform the development of more useful and engaging interventions for people with severe obesity.

Trial Registration
National Institute for Health Research, PROSPERO CRD42021227101; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021227101

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/26619