bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between physician knowledge and inappropriate medications for older populations
Authors: Vandergrift Jonathan L. , Weng Weifeng , Gray Bradley M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundOlder patients are often prescribed potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) given their age. We measured the association between a physician's general knowledge and their PIM prescribing.MethodsUsing a 2013–2017 cross‐sectional design, we related a general internist's knowledge (n = 8196) to their prescribing of PIMs to fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries, age ≥ 66 years with part D coverage, which they saw in the outpatient setting the year after their exam (n = 875,132). Physician knowledge was based on the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification (IM‐MOC) exam scores. Medications included 72 PIMs from the American Geriatric Society's Beers Criteria and appropriate alternatives to these medications. Logistic regressions controlled for physicians practice/training characteristics and patient‐risk factors.ResultsAnnually, 11.0% of patients received a PIM and 57.2% received an appropriate alternative medication. Patients seen by physicians scoring in the top versus bottom quartile were 8.6% less likely (95% confidence interval [CI]: −12.7 to −4.5, p < 0.001) to be prescribed a PIM and 4.7% more likely (95% CI: 1.7 to 7.6, p = 0.001) to be prescribed an appropriate alternative medication. The difference in PIM prescribing grew to 12.1% fewer (95% CI: −15.1 to −9.1) patients when limiting the sample to the 58.9% of patients being prescribed a PIM or appropriate alternative medication. Among patients receiving any medication, this was similar to the percent difference in PIM prescribing between solo and large practices (≥50 physicians, −10.2%, 95% CI: 13.6–6.5, p < 0.001) or between group and academic practices (−11.7%, 95% CI: −15.3 to −7.9, p < 0.001). PIM prescribing was more positively associated with patient characteristics including age, gender, and total number of medications prescribed.ConclusionsBetter physician general knowledge, as measured by an ABIM exam, was associated with fewer PIM prescriptions. Future research should examine whether general educational interventions, such as MOC, effect PIM prescribing.
Architectural anatomy of the quadriceps and the relationship with muscle strength: An observational study utilising real‐time ultrasound in healthy adults
Authors: El‐Ansary Doa , Marshall Charlotte J. , Farragher Joshua , Annoni Raquel , Schwank Ariane , McFarlane James , Bryant Adam , Han Jia , Webster Marilyn , Zito Guy , Parry Selina , Pranata Adrian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractQuadriceps atrophy and morphological change is a known phenomenon that can impact significantly on strength and functional performance in patients with acute or chronic presentations conditions. Real‐time ultrasound (RTUS) imaging is a noninvasive valid and reliable method of quantifying quadriceps muscle anatomy and architecture. To date, there is a paucity of normative data on the architectural properties of superficial and deep components of the quadriceps muscle group to inform assessment and evaluation of intervention programs. The aims of this study were to (1) quantify the anatomical architectural properties of the quadriceps muscle group (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis) using RTUS in healthy older adults and (2) to determine the relationship between RTUS muscle parameters and measures of quadriceps muscle strength. Thirty middle aged to older males and females (age range 55–79 years; mean age =59.9 ± 7.08 years) were recruited. Quadriceps muscle thickness, cross‐sectional area, pennation angle, and echogenicity were measured using RTUS. Quadriceps strength was measured using hand‐held dynamometry. For the RTUS‐derived quadriceps morphological data, rectus femoris mean results; circumference 9.3 cm; CSA 4.6 cm2; thickness 1.5 cm; echogenicity 100.2 pixels. Vastus intermedius mean results; thickness 1.8 cm; echogenicity 99.1 pixels. Vastus lateralis thickness 1.9 cm; pennation angle 17.3°; fascicle length 7.0 cm. Quadriceps force was significantly correlated only with rectus femoris circumference (r = 0.48, p = 0.007), RF echogenicity (r = 0.38, p = 0.037), VI echogenicity (r = 0.43, p = 0.018), and VL fascicle length (r = 0.43, p = 0.019). Quadriceps force was best predicted by a three‐variable model (adjusted R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001) which included rectus femoris echogenicity (B = 0.43, p = 0.005), vastus lateralis fascicle length (B = 0.33, p = 0.025) and rectus femoris circumference (B = 0.31, p = 0.041). Thus respectively, rectus femoris echogenicity explains 43%, vastus lateralis fascicle length explains 33% and rectus femoris circumference explains 31% of the variance of quadriceps force. The study findings suggest that RTUS measures were reliable and further research is warranted to establish whether these could be used as surrogate measures for quadriceps strength in adults to inform exercise and rehabilitation programs.
Has the COVID‐19 pandemic changed attitudes and behaviors concerning cosmetic care and procedures among patients presenting to the dermatology outpatient clinic? A multicenter study with 1437 participants
Authors: Aslan Kayıran Melek , Kara Polat Asude , Alyamaç Gökçen , Demirseren Düriye Deniz , Taş Betül , Kalkan Göknur , Özkök Akbulut Tuğba , Kaya Özden Hatice , Koska Mahmut Can , Emre Selma , Kaya Erdoğan Hilal , Tükenmez Demirci Gülşen , Güngör Şule , Özcan Arslan Nimet , Ağaoğlu Esra , Kurmuş Gökçe Işıl , Aksoy Hasan , Tatlıparmak Aslı , Süslü Hülya , Oğuz Topal İlteriş , Topaloğlu Demir Filiz , Acer Ersoy , Duman Hatice , Gürel Mehmet Salih , Karadağ Ayşe Serap 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe rate of cosmetic procedures and use of skincare products is considered to be affected during the pandemic period; however, this has not been investigated yet.ObjectiveTo determine whether the ongoing pandemic has changed people's habits related to skincare products and cosmetic procedures.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter survey study covering both private and public hospitals. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical diagnoses of the patients were noted by dermatologists. A survey was used to determine the type and application areas of skincare products and cosmetic procedures before and during the pandemic, whether the patients were concerned about being infected, and any change in the make‐up habits of female patients.ResultsOf the 1437 patients, 86.7% presented to the hospital due to dermatological complaints and 13.3% for cosmetic procedures. The rate of those that did not use skincare products was 0.05% before and 0.06% during the pandemic. Of the participants, 43.2% had undergone cosmetic procedures before and 38.1% during the pandemic. For both periods, the most frequent cosmetic procedure applied was laser epilation, followed by skincare treatment and chemical peeling. While undergoing these procedures, 34.9% of the patients were concerned about contracting coronavirus.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in the use of skincare products and cosmetic procedures before and during the pandemic. The majority of the patients continued to undergo these procedures despite their fear of being infected. This shows that during the pandemic period, patients are concerned with their appearance and continue to undergo cosmetic procedures and pay attention to their skincare.
Infrared augmented reality device versus standard procedure for peripheral venous catheterisation in children less than 3 years old: A quasi‐experimental cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Usclade Alexandra , Blanc Nathalie , Kohlmuller Margot , Torres Aurélie , Siret Sophie , Tachet Christophe , Favard Brigitte , Merlin Etienne , Pereira Bruno , Rochette Emmanuelle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAim and objectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the AccuVeinAV400® viewing device for peripheral venous catheter insertion in children on the first try.BackgroundInserting a peripheral venous catheter is the most frequent invasive procedure carried out by healthcare professionals in hospitalised children. Several attempts are sometimes necessary, and veins can be damaged.DesignA quasi‐experimental cluster randomised controlled trial based on the CONSORT 2010 guidelines.MethodsThis randomised study comparing standard practice to the use of AccuVein400® was carried out on children who were less than 3 years old, with difficult intravenous access (DIVA Score), hospitalised in three paediatric units and who needed cannulation.ResultA total of 304 children were included (156 in the AccuVein arm and 148 in the standard arm). There was no significant difference between AccuVein and standard groups in age (respectively, 2.5 ± 0.9 years vs. 2.5 ± 0.8), or mean DIVA score (respectively 5.9 ± 1.3 vs. 5.5 ± 1.2). The success of cannulation on the first attempt was 40.38% in the AccuVein arm vs. 41.2% in the standard arm (p = .6). The caregiver's assessment of pain on the Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability scale was 4.8 ± 0.2 in the AccuVein arm vs. 5.0 ± 0.2 (p = .4).ConclusionsThe use of AccuVein400® did not lead to greater success in intravenous insertion at the first attempt in children under 3 years of age with difficult intravenous access.Relevance to clinical practiceThis device can therefore be used according to the healthcare professionals' situation and needs. It is widely used in paediatric wards, and our study shows that it offers a support tool that reassures healthcare professionals and helps validate their choice of vein easiest to catheterise.
Dual‐lumen power injectable peripherally inserted central catheters in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A prospective observational study
Authors: Shih Yu‐Hsuan , Teng Chieh‐Lin Jerry , Chen Tsung‐Chih , Chang Kuang‐Hsi , Chen Mei‐Hui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo explore whether dual‐lumen power injectable peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) could be effectively and safely applied in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) and for serum cyclosporine level monitoring.BackgroundCompared to conventional central venous access devices, PICC provides a feasible route not only for fluid infusion, but also for blood sample collection in patients undergoing oncological treatments.DesignA prospective observational study was conducted according to the STROBE guidelines.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated the applications and complications of power injectable PICCs in 52 consecutive allo‐HSCT recipients. We also compared the cyclosporine levels in 188 paired blood samples, simultaneously obtained via power injectable PICCs and percutaneous venous puncture, to investigate whether power injectable PICC is a feasible route for cyclosporine concentration monitoring in allo‐HSCT.ResultsThe median PICC placement duration was 29 days. The insertion‐site blood oozing and central line‐associated bloodstream infection rates were 36.5% (19/52) and 26.9% (14/52), respectively, indicating the feasibility of these PICCs for various applications in allo‐HSCT. No power injectable PICC‐related thrombotic adverse events were identified; 90.4% (47/52) of cases with power injectable PICC removal occurred because of lack of medical utility, suggesting that power injectable PICC‐related complications were manageable. However, cyclosporine levels in samples obtained via these PICCs were significantly higher than those in samples obtained via percutaneous venous puncture (261.5 ± 139.2 vs. 232.4 ± 253.6 ng/ml; p = 0.019 [set 1]; 254.8 ± 89.3 vs. 225.1 ± 233.3 ng/ml; p<0.001 [set 2]; 283.6 ± 103.9 vs. 238.0 ± 254.7 ng/ml; p = 0.006 [set 3]; 291.0 ± 94.9 vs. 266.0 ± 274.7 ng/ml; p = 0.016 [set 4]).ConclusionThe power injectable PICC is a feasible venous access device for allo‐HSCT.Relevance to clinical practiceThe dual‐lumen power injectable PICCs provided a reliable access for blood sample collection, decreasing the number of blind percutaneous venous punctures in allo‐HSCT. However, its application in cyclosporine level monitoring needs further investigation.
YAP‐induced Ccl2 expression is associated with a switch in hepatic macrophage identity and vascular remodelling in liver cancer
Authors: Thomann Stefan , Weiler Sofia M. E. , Wei Teng , Sticht Carsten , De La Torre Carolina , Tóth Marcell , Rose Fabian , Tang Yingyue , Ritz Thomas , Ball Claudia , Glimm Hanno , Ryschich Eduard , Schirmacher Peter , Breuhahn Kai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground & aimThe development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with the formation of communication networks leading to the recruitment of disease‐modifying macrophages. However, how oncogenes in tumour cells control paracrine communication is not fully understood.MethodsTransgenic mice with liver‐specific expression of the constitutively active yes‐associated protein (YAPS127A) or an orthotopic implantation model served as tumour models. FACS‐sorted F4/80+/CD11bdim/CD146‐/retinoid‐ macrophages from healthy and tumour‐bearing livers were used for transcriptomic profiling. Expression data of 242 human HCCs and a tissue microarray consisting of 91 HCCs and seven liver tissues were analyzed.ResultsScreening of primary tumour cells expressing YAPS127A identified CC chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2) as a macrophage chemoattractant, whose expression was regulated in a YAP/TEA domain family member 4 (TEAD4)‐dependent manner. Ccl2 expression was associated with a loss of Kupffer cells (KCs) and an increase in immature macrophages (Mɸimm) in hepatocarcinogenesis. Recruited Mɸimm were characterized by a lack of functional polarization (M0 signature) and high expression of the Ccl2 receptors C‐C motif chemokine receptor 2 (Ccr2), C‐X3‐C motif chemokine receptor 1 (Cx3cr1) and pro‐angiogenic platelet‐derived growth factors (Pdgfa/Pdgfb). Mɸimm formed cellular clusters in the perivascular space, which correlated with vascular morphometric changes indicative for angiogenesis. In human HCCs, the M0 signature served as an identifier for poor clinical outcome and CCL2 correlated with YAP expression and vascular network formation.ConclusionsIn conclusion, YAP/TEAD4‐regulated Ccl2 associates with perivascular recruitment of unpolarized Mɸimm and may contribute to a proangiogenic microenvironment in liver cancer.
Investigating the discrepancy between MAIA and MP‐1 microperimetry results
Authors: Xu Lixing , Wu Zhichao , Guymer Robyn H , Anderson Andrew J 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposePrevious work has suggested that sensitivities measured on the iCare MAIA and Nidek MP‐1 microperimeters differ systematically, although it is unclear whether one or both devices are inaccurate. Here, we assess the discrepancy between these two instruments as well as with a rigorous reference standard.MethodsFifteen healthy participants underwent visual field testing on the MAIA and MP‐1 microperimeters. Results were compared to a reference measure of increment thresholds on a laboratory‐based, calibrated computer monitor system using the same background luminance and target size. Discrepancies were assessed as a function of eccentricity along the vertical meridian. Differences in decibels (dB) due to differences in the maximum stimulus luminance between devices were accounted for mathematically.ResultsThe mean sensitivity measured with the MAIA was <1 dB lower than laboratory‐based measures, which was statistically significant but of limited clinical importance. In contrast, the mean sensitivity measured with the MP‐1 was >8 dB lower than the laboratory measures. The difference was greater for an eccentric superior retinal location, in contrast to what would be predicted if the discrepancy was due to a ceiling effect caused by the MP‐1’s limited dynamic range.ConclusionsWhile MAIA measurements showed low bias compared with our rigorously determined reference standard, the MP‐1 showed large discrepancies that could not be explained purely by the limited dynamic range of the instrument. MAIA and MP‐1 sensitivity values cannot be compared directly, and caution is advised when assessing absolute sensitivities or eccentricity effects in the extensive MP‐1 literature.
Telemedicine in epilepsy management during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Kikuchi Kenjiro , Hamano Shin‐ichiro , Horiguchi Ayumi , Nonoyama Hazuki , Hirata Yuko , Matsuura Ryuki , Koichihara Reiko , Oka Akira , Hirano Daishi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundTelemedicine has spread rapidly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and shown its usefulness, particularly for patients with epilepsy, compared to face‐to‐face visits. We sought to evaluate the clinical features of patients with childhood onset epilepsy associated with consultations by telephone call during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated the medical records of patients with childhood onset epilepsy who visited an outpatient clinic in Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan, from 1 March 2020 to 30 September 2020. To find the clinical features of patients who utilized telemedicine consultation (by telephone call), we divided the patients into the telemedicine group and the face‐to‐face group. We then reviewed the clinical features. Telemedicine consultation was not implemented for new patients.ResultsWe enrolled 776 outpatients in total, and 294 patients (37.9%) utilized telemedicine consultations. The total number of visits was 2,299 and the total number of telemedicine consultations was 373 (16.2%). No clinical feature was associated with telemedicine consultations except for age at onset of epilepsy. The number of oral antiepileptic drugs prescriptions decreased in 23 of 776 (3.0%) of the patients who did not experience seizure deterioration, including status epilepticus, or who visited the emergency room.ConclusionTelemedicine consultations were successfully utilized for epilepsy treatment at our outpatient clinic, regardless of epilepsy type, etiology, seizure frequency, comorbidities, and patients' residential areas. Thus, telemedicine by telephone call may be a useful resource in the management of patients with childhood onset epilepsy during the pandemic.
Are there consistent abnormalities in event‐related EEG oscillations in patients with Alzheimer’s disease compared to other diseases belonging to dementia?
Authors: Güntekin Bahar , Aktürk Tuba , Arakaki Xianghong , Bonanni Laura , Del Percio Claudio , Edelmayer Rebecca , Farina Francesca , Ferri Raffaele , Hanoğlu Lütfü , Kumar Sanjeev , Lizio Roberta , Lopez Susanna , Murphy Brian , Noce Giuseppe , Randall Fiona , Sack Alexander T. , Stocchi Fabrizio , Yener Görsev , Yıldırım Ebru , Babiloni Claudio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCerebrospinal and structural‐molecular neuroimaging in‐vivo biomarkers are recommended for diagnostic purposes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias; however, they do not explain the effects of AD neuropathology on neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning cognitive processes. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer’s Association reviewed the field literature and reached consensus on the event‐related electroencephalographic oscillations (EROs) that show consistent abnormalities in patients with significant cognitive deficits due to Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s (PD), Lewy body (LBD), and cerebrovascular diseases. Converging evidence from oddball paradigms showed that, as compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults, AD patients had lower amplitude in widespread delta (>4 Hz) and theta (4–7 Hz) phase‐locked EROs as a function of disease severity. Similar effects were also observed in PD, LBD, and/or cerebrovascular cognitive impairment patients. Non‐phase‐locked alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) oscillations were abnormally reduced (event‐related desynchronization, ERD) in AD patients relative to CU. However, studies on patients with other dementias remain lacking. Delta and theta phase‐locked EROs during oddball tasks may be useful neurophysiological biomarkers of cognitive systems at work in heuristic and intervention clinical trials performed in AD patients, but more research is needed regarding their potential role for other dementias.
The effect of fish oil on inflammation markers in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Jiandong , Tang Gang , Tang Shaowen , Yuan Weijie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis meta‐analysis was to assess the effect of fish oil supplementation on inflammation markers in adult patients receiving hemodialysis.MethodsCENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE databases were searched from inception to 10 April 2020. Two authors independently searched, selected, and screened the literature. The pooled results are represented by WMD or SMD with 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analysis and meta‐regression were used to explore sources of heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis was used to assess the robustness of the pooled results. Funnel plots were used to assess publication bias.ResultsEleven RCT (randomized control trials) studies were included. The pooled results showed that fish oil supplementation caused a significant reduction of the CRP(C‐reactive protein) level (random model: WMD, −3.36, 95%CI: −5.46 to −1.26, P = .002), especially in patients with baseline CRP ≥ 5 mg/L (random model: WMD, −4.43, 95%CI: −6.10 to −2.76, P = .00001, I2 = 41%). Meta‐regression analyses showed that CRP baseline level (CRP < 5 mg/L) was the main source of heterogeneity (P = .036). Sensitive analyses revealed that the result was hardly changed. Fish oil supplementation might not reduce the level of IL‐6 (random model: WMD, −2.26, 95%CI: −19.61 to 15.09, P = .80) in four studies or the level of TNF‐α (random model: SMD, −2.51, 95%CI: −6.08 to 1.06, P = .17) in three studies.ConclusionsFish oil supplementation could reduce the level of CRP in hemodialysis patients, especially in patients with CRP ≥ 5 mg/L, but had no effects on IL‐6 and TNF‐α.
Examining the psychometric properties of the digital scale of perceived motor competence in young children
Authors: Robinson Leah E. , Palmer Kara K. 
Published: August 2021

This study examined the psychometric properties (i.e., reliability and validity) of the Digital Scale of Perceived Motor Competence (DSPMC) in preschool‐aged children. One hundred eighteen children (Mage = 4.5) completed Study 1 on internal consistency and test‐retest reliability, and 87 children (Mage = 4.5) completed Study 2 on construct validity. Study 1 results support that the DSPMC demonstrates an acceptable internal consistency at both the initial (α = 0.78) and retest (α = 0.75) and good test‐retest reliability (ICC = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76–0.89). Study 2 results demonstrate that the DSPMC is significantly correlated to two other measures of perceived competence (rrange = 0.25–0.39) and all actual motor skill subscales (rrange = 0.23–0.39). These results support that the DSPMC is a valid and reliable tool to measure perceived competence in young children.
Framing Beveridge
Authors: Powell Martin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt has been claimed that there are few constructs that are as ubiquitous across the social sciences as that of frame or framing, which can be found in many academic disciplines and fields. However, there are very few studies of framing in Social Policy. It seems valuable to explore framing with respect to one of the most important and best known documents in British social policy. The Beveridge Report of 1942 is often regarded as the ‘blueprint’ of the British welfare state, which still casts a long shadow over social policy today. This study examines the Beveridge Report using the most cited definition of framing, which involves four elements of problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and treatment recommendation. It can be argued the Beveridge Report constitutes a ‘strong frame’ as it communicates all of these four elements.