bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
Authors: Janssen Ralf , Pechmann Matthias , Turetzek Natascha 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Wnt genes represent a large family of secreted glycoprotein ligands that date back to early animal evolution. Multiple duplication events generated a set of 13 Wnt families of which 12 are preserved in protostomes. Embryonic Wnt expression patterns (Wnt-patterning) are complex, representing the plentitude of functions these genes play during development. Here, we comprehensively investigated the embryonic expression patterns of Wnt genes from three species of spiders covering both main groups of true spiders, Haplogynae and Entelegynae, a mygalomorph species (tarantula), as well as a distantly related chelicerate outgroup species, the harvestman Phalangium opilio. All spiders possess the same ten classes of Wnt genes, but retained partially different sets of duplicated Wnt genes after whole genome duplication, some of which representing impressive examples of sub- and neo-functionalization. The harvestman, however, possesses a more complete set of 11 Wnt genes but with no duplicates. Our comprehensive data-analysis suggests a high degree of complexity and evolutionary flexibility of Wnt-patterning likely providing a firm network of mutational protection. We discuss the new data on Wnt gene expression in terms of their potential function in segmentation, posterior elongation, and appendage development and critically review previous research on these topics. We conclude that earlier research may have suffered from the absence of comprehensive gene expression data leading to partial misconceptions about the roles of Wnt genes in development and evolution.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A comparative study of different acceleration sensors in measuring energy consumption of human martial arts
Authors: Jia Qixia , Yan Zengyin , Wang Yongyong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAt present, there are many acceleration sensors for measuring human martial arts in the market. However, due to the inaccurate measurement of some acceleration sensors, people who love martial arts are deeply troubled and unable to find an excellent acceleration sensor specifically for energy consumption detection of human martial arts. The development of this sensor is imminent, which is of great significance for the comparative study of energy consumption measurement of human martial arts in our country. In this study, 160 students aged 11–14 years were selected, and the subjects were divided into normal body mass group and abnormal body mass group. Of the 96 male adolescents, 32 were obese body mass, which was determined as male abnormal body mass Group; 64 male adolescents were normal body weight and male normal body weight group; female 64 adolescents were normal body weight and set as female normal body mass group. Using a built-in accelerometer and a mobile phone three-dimensional accelerometer, the subjects were subjected to a 3–8 km/h human martial arts exercise load test (each speed is continuously performed for 5 min). The two acceleration sensors collectively assess the accuracy of the prediction of the use of force in human martial arts experiments. The average power consumption of human art exercises uses a frequency of 60 times/min, 90 times/min and 120 times/min compared to two acceleration sensors. Test results show that the data points for the mobile accelerator eraser are scattered, and the distance between the data varies. The data points of the three-dimensional acceleration sensor are more concentrated and present a certain trend. The use of three-dimensional acceleration sensors to measure martial arts can fully reflect the energy consumption of human activities, and achieve an energy consumption measurement accuracy of more than 94%.
Clinical outcomes of dental implants placed in the same region where previous implants failed due to peri-implantitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Montalvillo Adriana , Eguia Asier , Alkhraisat Mohammad Hamdan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThere is paucity in the studies that assess dental implants replacing failed dental implants due to peri-implantitis. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of these implants in terms of implant survival and marginal bone loss.MethodsPatients in this retrospective study were selected if having one or more implants removed due to peri-implantitis and the placement and loading of dental implants in the same region from April 2010 to December 2019. Information was collected about the patient's demographic data, implant dimensions, surgical and prosthetic variables. Changes in peri-implant bone level, cumulative implant survival rate and technical complications were assessed.ResultsThree hundred and eighty one dental implants in 146 patients that were placed in the same position or one-tooth position mesially/distally to the site of explantation were included. The patients' mean age was 63 ± 10 years. Ninety seven patients were females and 49 were males. After a mean follow-up of 34 ± 17 months, two implants failed. The cumulative survival rate was 99%. The marginal bone loss was −0.1 ± 0.6. Immediate or delay replacement of the failed implant did not affect implant survival or marginal bone stability. All the prostheses were screw-retained and presented the following complications: ceramic chipping (3 events), resin tooth fracture (1 event) and prosthetic screw loosening (1 event).ConclusionsDental implants replacing failed implants due to peri-implantitis would be an option in the management of peri-implantitis. They showed high survival rate and marginal bone stability.
Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
Authors: Lomira Benjamin Kenyi Bendere , Nassanga Prossy , Okello Daniel Micheal , Ongeng Duncan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The high level of incidence of mortality attributed to non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes and hypertension being experienced in developing countries requires concerted effort on investment in strategies that can reduce the risks of development of such diseases. Fruits and vegetables (FV) contain natural bioactive compounds, and if consumed at or above 400 g per day (RDMIL) as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) is believed to contribute to reduced risk of development of such diseases. The objective of this study was to determine in a developing country set-up, the extent to which rural and urban households conform to RDMIL, the status of nutritional attitude (NA) and knowledge (NK) associated with consumption of FV, and to delineate non-attitudinal and non-knowledge-based factors (NANK) that hinder achievement of RDMIL.

Method
A cross-sectional survey of 400 randomly selected households and 16 focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted using Gulu district of Uganda as a microcosm for a developing country setting. Level of consumption of FV was assessed using 24-h dietary recall and compared to RDMIL as a fraction (%). The status of NK and NA were determined using sets of closed-ended questions anchored on a three-point Likert scale. Further quantitative statistical analyses were conducted using t-test, chi-square, Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression. FGD provided data on NANK factors and were analysed using qualitative content analysis procedure.

Results
Urban and rural inhabitants met up to 72.0 and 62.4% of the RMDIL, respectively, with absolute intake being higher among urban than rural households by 37.54 g. NK and NA were good but the intensity of NK was higher among urban respondents by 11%. RDMIL was positively correlated with NA while socio-demographic predictors of RDMIL varied with household location. FGD revealed that primary agricultural production constraints, market limitations, postharvest management limitations, health concerns, social discomfort and environmental policy restrictions were the major NANK factors that hindered achievement of the RDMIL.

Conclusions
These results indicate that NANK factors constrain households from translating good NA and NK to achieve the RMDIL.
Social remittances during COVID-19: on the “new normality” negotiated by transnational families
Authors: Galstyan Nare , Galstyan Mihran 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSocial remittances- the transfer of ideas, practices, and codes of behaviors- are a well-documented subject in migrant transnationalism literature and transnational family studies. However, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) outbreak has generated unprecedented regulations around the world which require widening the conceptual basis of social remittances in a state of emergency. As the pandemic progresses, most countries require civilians to follow a number of norms deemed as the “new normality,” while other countries continue to operate under their “old normality,” with minor or no restrictions. As national pandemic policy responses vary across countries, transnational families live under different regimes of “normality.” In these settings, the study of transnational families offers a valuable opportunity to examine a special type of social remittances practiced during global crises, and analyze whether the exchange of rules, practices, and ideas across national borders has any impact on re-shaping and renegotiating pandemic-coping “new normality” practices for both migrants and their families. The paper is based on 13 in-depth interviews conducted with representatives from Armenian transnational families with migrant members in Russia, the Czech Republic, or Belarus. These countries provide a backdrop for an examination of social remittances among transnational families that we term “pandemic transnationalism.” The study shows that the circulation of safety rules and “good practices” actively shapes the everyday behavior of migrants and their families, their level of perceived danger towards the coronavirus, and their practical knowledge of safety measures. The latter are often harnessed in informal collective settings despite being in conflict with the obligations and regulations of their home society.
Twenty years of integrated disease surveillance and response in Sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities for effective management of infectious disease epidemics
Authors: Mremi Irene R. , George Janeth , Rumisha Susan F. , Sindato Calvin , Kimera Sharadhuli I. , Mboera Leonard E. G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review aimed to analyse the performance of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and how its implementation has embraced advancement in information technology, big data analytics techniques and wealth of data sources.MethodsHINARI, PubMed, and advanced Google Scholar databases were searched for eligible articles. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols.ResultsA total of 1,809 articles were identified and screened at two stages. Forty-five studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 35 were country-specific, seven covered the SSA region, and three covered 3–4 countries. Twenty-six studies assessed the IDSR core functions, 43 the support functions, while 24 addressed both functions. Most of the studies involved Tanzania (9), Ghana (6) and Uganda (5). The routine Health Management Information System (HMIS), which collects data from health care facilities, has remained the primary source of IDSR data. However, the system is characterised by inadequate data completeness, timeliness, quality, analysis and utilisation, and lack of integration of data from other sources. Under-use of advanced and big data analytical technologies in performing disease surveillance and relating multiple indicators minimises the optimisation of clinical and practice evidence-based decision-making.ConclusionsThis review indicates that most countries in SSA rely mainly on traditional indicator-based disease surveillance utilising data from healthcare facilities with limited use of data from other sources. It is high time that SSA countries consider and adopt multi-sectoral, multi-disease and multi-indicator platforms that integrate other sources of health information to provide support to effective detection and prompt response to public health threats.
PTPN22 gene and IL2RA rs11594656, rs2104286 gene variants: additional insights of polygenic single-nucleotide polymorphisms’ pattern among Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Abou El Ella Soheir S. , Tawfik Maha A. , Mohammed Zeinab Sabri , Barseem Naglaa Fathy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) results from environmental and genetic factors.
We aimed to investigate the distribution of PTPN22, IL2RA rs11594656, and rs2104286 variants and its association with T1D in children.
A case-control study conducted on 100 diabetic patients and 100 control children. PTPN22 gene, IL2RA rs11594656, and rs2104286 polymorphisms study were done by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay.

Results
T allele of PTPN22 gene was presented more frequently 47% in patient group versus 30% in controls, while C allele was 53% in the diabetic group versus 70% in controls showing a statistically significant difference between patient and control groups. Similarly, TT 1858 genotype was found in higher frequency with a statistically significant difference in favor of T1D patients (p = 0.038), OR (CI 95% 3.16 (1.28–7.09).
For IL2RA rs11594656 polymorphism, the frequency of TT, TA, and AA in patients at percentages of 20%, 60%, and 20% versus 4%, 60%, and 36% in controls respectively showed significant difference (p = 0.045). Also, T allele was detected more in patients group as evidenced by p = 0.059, OR (95% CI) of 2.38(1.49–6.12). Whereas, IL2RA rs2104286 polymorphism revealed a difference of otherwise non-statistical significance (p = 0.091). Those who harbored homozygous pattern of both IL2RA polymorphisms frequently had DKA and high mean HbA1C values.

Conclusion
PTPN22 (C1858T) and IL2RA rs11594656 polymorphisms increased the risk of T1DM development, while IL2RA rs2104286 polymorphism did not display any significant association among children with T1D. Having more than one risk allele could affect progression and control of T1D.
Leydig cell tumor of the testis: an incidental finding at 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging
Authors: Yassir Almalki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeydig cell tumors (LCTs) represent the most common form of stromal tumors. We reported the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) findings of a patient with testicular LCT.Case presentationA 50-year-old man with a history of end-stage renal disease and renal transplantation 19 years ago. One year earlier, he started to have a chronic rejection. During the investigation to determine the cause of chronic rejection, a suspicious lesion in the graft with a collection around it was seen on ultrasound (US) images, raising the possibility of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The patient was referred for further evaluation by whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The image finding revealed an incidental hypermetabolic focal lesion in the right testicle—no other specific findings in the remaining parts of the body nor definitive FDG avid lymphadenopathy to suggest PTLD. Testicular US was requested and showed a well-defined right-sided heterogeneous hypoechoic intratesticular focal mass at the upper pole of the right testis with significant internal vascularity on the color Doppler imaging. The patient underwent a right radical orchidectomy, and the tumor was pathologically confirmed as an LCT.ConclusionIn our case, 18F-FDG-PET/CT has been helpful in incidentally detecting this rare testicular tumor in a patient with suspected PTLD.
The role of thoracoscopic lung biopsy in the management of children with solid organ malignancies and suspected lung metastases in a developing country
Authors: Wagener Mark , Peer Nasheeta , Sheik-Gafoor Mahomed Hoosen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Accurate diagnosis of lung lesions appearing on computed tomographic (CT) imaging in children with solid organ malignancies can be difficult. Therefore, this study aimed to determine, in a developing country setting, (1) the utility of thoracoscopic lung biopsy for assessment of suspected lung metastases in solid organ malignancies, and (2) the pathology of biopsied lesions suspected to be malignancies. The electronic records of all patients with solid organ malignancies who underwent thoracoscopic lung biopsies for suspected metastases at a tertiary hospital in South Africa between January 2012 and December 2017 were analysed retrospectively.

Results
A total of 29 thoracoscopic biopsies were taken from 25 patients. In eight biopsies (27.6%), viable metastatic tumour was identified; in one, a completely necrotic tumour was found. Seven patients (28.0%) were found to have infective aetiologies which required alternative therapies: of these, three patients had tuberculosis; three had bronchopneumonia and one had a fungal lung infection. Other findings included haemorrhagic infarction (n = 1); non-specific fibrosis (n = 1) and reactive lymph node (n = 1). In ten biopsies (34.5%), no lesion was found on thoracoscopy.

Conclusions
Thoracoscopy was found to improve the management of children with solid organ malignancies and suspected metastases. Thoracoscopy enabled many patients to avoid additional chemotherapy and radiotherapy and its negative consequences and enabled therapy for specific benign pathologies including infections.
Menstrual Dysfunction and Athletic Performance in a Transgender Runner: A Case Study
Authors: Holtzman Bryan , H. M. O'Brien Kimberly , Reece Laura M. , Ackerman Kathryn E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A 16.5-year-old, distance runner, female gender-assigned at birth, who identifies as male, presented with menstrual dysfunction and impaired athletic performance. The cause of the menstrual dysfunction and decreased athletic performance was identified as inadequate energy availability, largely motivated by a desired avoidance of menstruation and further development of secondary sex characteristics. The patient achieved significant weight gain (4.75 kg) in the year after presentation and resumed normal menses. When evaluating and treating transgender athletes for menstrual dysfunction and inadequate energy availability, psychological motivators related to the complex interplay between gender identity, disordered eating, and athletic performance must be addressed.
ACSM Expert Consensus Statement: Injury Prevention and Exercise Performance during Cold-Weather Exercise
Authors: Castellani John W. , Eglin Clare M. , Ikäheimo Tiina M. , Montgomery Hugh , Paal Peter , Tipton Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cold injury can result from exercising at low temperatures and can impair exercise performance or cause lifelong debility or death. This consensus statement provides up-to-date information on the pathogenesis, nature, impacts, prevention, and treatment of the most common cold injuries.
Using Genomic Techniques in Sports and Exercise Science: Current Status and Future Opportunities
Authors: Griswold Anthony J. , Correa Diego , Kaplan Lee D. , Best Thomas M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The past two decades have built on the successes of the Human Genome Project identifying the impact of genetics and genomics on human traits. Given the importance of exercise in the physical and psychological health of individuals across the lifespan, using genomics to understand the impact of genes in the sports medicine field is an emerging field. Given the complexity of the systems involved, high-throughput genomics is required to understand genetic variants, their functions, and ultimately their effect on the body. Consequently, genomic studies have been performed across several domains of sports medicine with varying degrees of success. While the breadth of these is great, they focus largely on the following three areas: 1) performance; 2) injury susceptibility; and 3) sports associated chronic conditions, such as osteoarthritis. Herein, we review literature on genetics and genomics in sports medicine, offer suggestions to bolster existing studies, and suggest ways to ideally impact clinical care.
Improving data use for decision making by neglected tropical disease program teams: eight use cases
Authors: Grubin Liz , Balachandran Lakshmi , Bartlett Sarah , Biritwum Nana-Kwadwo , Brooker Simon , Fleming Fiona , Kollie Karsor , Matendechero Sultani , Mengistu Birhan , Muehleman TJ , Mwingira Upendo , Partridge Brooke , Pavluck Alex , Rebollo Polo Maria , Tezembong Modeste , Treatman Derek , Yeary Rosalyn , Zoerhoff Katie , Zoure Honorat 
Published: November 2021

Background: The achievement of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) program goals depends on numerous factors, including the ability of national programs to use high-quality, timely data to inform their decision-making and program delivery. This paper presents a use case analysis of the routine data used by national NTD programs targeting lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiasis, and trachoma. Methods: The use cases were developed through a combination of secondary and primary research focused on both global trends and deep dives into Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Results were refined through a stakeholder convening and the final eight use cases were determined through iteration and prioritization with stakeholders. Results: Eight use cases were developed: improve treatment register data quality, strengthen supervision of drug distributors during mass drug administration (MDA), generate accurate community-level population data for MDAs, create and manage an accurate inventory of drugs, meet district coverage targets during MDA campaigns, feedback and performance to sub-district teams, feedback on performance to sub-national teams, and national-level program use of data for evaluation and decision making. Each use case identifies key actors and their data-related needs and critical challenges, defines the current and desired state, and articulates the profile of a solution (digital and non-digital) needed to complete the use case. Conclusion: The systematic strengthening of data use for decision-making in NTD programs is key for reaching the 2030 Roadmap goals. Integrated together, the presented use cases, when translated into action using appropriate and innovative solutions, can help to ensure that accurate and timely data are present at every step of a program and empower countries to use these data to make program decisions.