bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time breath recognition by movies from a small drone landing on victim’s bodies
Authors: Saitoh Takeji , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Minami Hisae , Nakashima Yukako , Aramaki Shuhei , Mihara Yuki , Iwakura Takamasa , Odagiri Keiichi , Maekawa Yuichiro , Yoshino Atsuto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn local and global disaster scenes, rapid recognition of victims’ breathing is vital. It is unclear whether the footage transmitted from small drones can enable medical providers to detect breathing. This study investigated the ability of small drones to evaluate breathing correctly after landing on victims’ bodies and hovering over them. We enrolled 46 medical workers in this prospective, randomized, crossover study. The participants were provided with envelopes, from which they were asked to pull four notes sequentially and follow the written instructions (“breathing” and “no breathing”). After they lied on the ground in the supine position, a drone was landed on their abdomen, subsequently hovering over them. Two evaluators were asked to determine whether the participant had followed the “breathing” or “no breathing” instruction based on the real-time footage transmitted from the drone camera. The same experiment was performed while the participant was in the prone position. If both evaluators were able to determine the participant’s breathing status correctly, the results were tagged as “correct.” All experiments were successfully performed. Breathing was correctly determined in all 46 participants (100%) when the drone was landed on the abdomen and in 19 participants when the drone hovered over them while they were in the supine position (p < 0.01). In the prone position, breathing was correctly determined in 44 participants when the drone was landed on the abdomen and in 10 participants when it was kept hovering over them (p < 0.01). Notably, breathing status was misinterpreted as “no breathing” in 8 out of 27 (29.6%) participants lying in the supine position and 13 out of 36 (36.1%) participants lying in the prone position when the drone was kept hovering over them. The landing points seemed wider laterally when the participants were in the supine position than when they were in the prone position. Breathing status was more reliably determined when a small drone was landed on an individual’s body than when it hovered over them.
Transcriptome analysis reveals brown adipogenic reprogramming in chemical compound-induced brown adipocytes converted from human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Takeda Yukimasa , Yoshikawa Toshikazu , Dai Ping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBrown adipogenesis contributes to controlling systemic energy balance by enhancing glucose and lipid consumptions. We have previously reported chemical compound-induced brown adipocytes (ciBAs) directly converted from human dermal fibroblasts using a serum-free medium. In this study, genome-wide transcriptional analysis was performed in ciBAs in comparison with the control fibroblasts. A broad range of integrated gene expression was enhanced in functional groups including tricarboxylic acid cycle, electron transfer chain, triglycerides metabolism, fatty acid and glucose metabolism, and adaptive thermogenesis. The results suggested that the chemical conversion underwent metabolic and mitochondrial reprogramming closely associated with functions in brown/beige adipocytes. Moreover, we also compared the transcriptional changes to those of adipocyte browning in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs). Transcriptome analysis indicated that the same sets of metabolic and mitochondria-related genes were similarly changed in the adipocyte browning. Interestingly, ciBAs more expressed Ucp1, while AdMSC-derived adipocytes predominantly expressed Ucp2. UCP1 protein was also more expressed in ciBAs than in AdMSC-derived adipocytes. Based on the evidence that UCP1, but not UCP2, is responsible for adrenergic thermogenesis, ciBAs could be a promising model for human beige adipocytes applicable for basic research, drug development, and clinical uses.
PET/CT in therapy control of infective native aortic aneurysms
Authors: Husmann Lars , Huellner Martin W. , Eberhard Nadia , Ledergerber Bruno , Kaelin Marisa B. , Anagnostopoulos Alexia , Kudura Ken , Burger Irene A. , Mestres Carlos-A. , Rancic Zoran , Hasse Barbara 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInfective native aortic aneurysms (INAA) are aneurysms arising from infection of the aortic wall. Treatment is demanding with 5-year survival rates between 53 and 55%. The aim of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the long-term monitoring of patients with proven INAA. Fifty-three PET/CT were performed in 15 patients with INAA in this single-center retrospective cohort study and retrospective analysis of prospectively collected Vascular Graft Cohort Study (VASGRA) data. Median metabolic activity (as measured by maximum standardized uptake value, SUVmax) of the aneurysms at the initial PET/CT was high (6.8 (IQR 5.7–21.8)), and lower at the last PET/CT prior to the end of antimicrobial therapy (3.9 (IQR 2.7–6.8); n = 11) as well as in the first PET/CT after the end of the treatment (3.9 (IQR 3.0–4.4);n = 6). Compared to the course of C-reactive protein alone, PET/CT provided different (> 20% difference in trend) or altering (opposed trend) information on the course of disease in at least 14 comparisons (56%) in 11 patients (73%). The one-year and five-year freedom from all-cause lethality was 92% (95% confidence interval 57%-99%). As compared to the course of C-reactive protein, PET/CT provides different and occasionally altering information in therapy control of INAA.
Memory consolidation and improvement by synaptic tagging and capture in recurrent neural networks
Authors: Luboeinski Jannik , Tetzlaff Christian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe synaptic-tagging-and-capture (STC) hypothesis formulates that at each synapse the concurrence of a tag with protein synthesis yields the maintenance of changes induced by synaptic plasticity. This hypothesis provides a biological principle underlying the synaptic consolidation of memories that is not verified for recurrent neural circuits. We developed a theoretical model integrating the mechanisms underlying the STC hypothesis with calcium-based synaptic plasticity in a recurrent spiking neural network. In the model, calcium-based synaptic plasticity yields the formation of strongly interconnected cell assemblies encoding memories, followed by consolidation through the STC mechanisms. Furthermore, we show for the first time that STC mechanisms modify the storage of memories such that after several hours memory recall is significantly improved. We identify two contributing processes: a merely time-dependent passive improvement, and an active improvement during recall. The described characteristics can provide a new principle for storing information in biological and artificial neural circuits.
Enhanced antitumoral activity of TLR7 agonists via activation of human endogenous retroviruses by HDAC inhibitors
Authors: Díaz-Carballo David , Saka Sahitya , Acikelli Ali H. , Homp Ekaterina , Erwes Julia , Demmig Rebecca , Klein Jacqueline , Schröer Katrin , Malak Sascha , D’Souza Flevy , Noa-Bolaño Adrien , Menze Saskia , Pano Emilio , Andrioff Swetlana , Teipel Marc , Dammann Philip , Klein Diana , Nasreen Amber , Tannapfel Andrea , Grandi Nicole , Tramontano Enzo , Ochsenfarth Crista , Strumberg Dirk 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, we are reporting that “Shock and Kill”, a therapeutic approach designed to eliminate latent HIV from cell reservoirs, is extrapolatable to cancer therapy. This is based on the observation that malignant cells express a spectrum of human endogenous retroviral elements (HERVs) which can be transcriptionally boosted by HDAC inhibitors. The endoretroviral geneHERV-V2codes for an envelope protein, which resembles syncytins. It is significantly overexpressed upon exposure to HDAC inhibitors and can be effectively targeted by simultaneous application of TLR7/8 agonists, triggering intrinsic apoptosis. We demonstrated that this synergistic cytotoxic effect was accompanied by the functional disruption of the TLR7/8-NFκB, Akt/PKB, and Ras-MEK-ERK signalling pathways. CRISPR/Cas9 ablation ofTLR7andHERV-V1/V2curtailed apoptosis significantly, proving the pivotal role of these elements in driving cell death. The effectiveness of this new approach was confirmed in ovarian tumour xenograft studies, revealing a promising avenue for future cancer therapies.
Uniaxial strain-induced phase transition in the 2D topological semimetal IrTe2
Authors: Nicholson Christopher W. , Rumo Maxime , Pulkkinen Aki , Kremer Geoffroy , Salzmann Björn , Mottas Marie-Laure , Hildebrand Baptiste , Jaouen Thomas , Kim Timur K. , Mukherjee Saumya , Ma KeYuan , Muntwiler Matthias , von Rohr Fabian O. , Cacho Cephise , Monney Claude 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStrain is ubiquitous in solid-state materials, but despite its fundamental importance and technological relevance, leveraging externally applied strain to gain control over material properties is still in its infancy. In particular, strain control over the diverse phase transitions and topological states in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides remains an open challenge. Here, we exploit uniaxial strain to stabilize the long-debated structural ground state of the 2D topological semimetal IrTe2, which is hidden in unstrained samples. Combined angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy data reveal the strain-stabilized phase has a 6 × 1 periodicity and undergoes a Lifshitz transition, granting unprecedented spectroscopic access to previously inaccessible type-II topological Dirac states that dominate the modified inter-layer hopping. Supported by density functional theory calculations, we show that strain induces an Ir to Te charge transfer resulting in strongly weakened inter-layer Te bonds and a reshaped energetic landscape favoring the 6×1 phase. Our results highlight the potential to exploit strain-engineered properties in layered materials, particularly in the context of tuning inter-layer behavior.
Auditory Processing Disorder and Its Comorbidities: A Need for Consistency in Test Cutoff Scores
Authors: Ahmmed Ansar U. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeNo gold standard criteria exist for diagnosing developmental auditory processing disorder (APD). This study aimed to identify APD criteria, which are consistent with that used for comorbidities, and how comorbidities predicted APD.MethodA retrospective study of 167 participants (males = 105, females = 62; age: 6–16 years; nonverbal IQ > 80) with suspected APD is presented. Five SCAN-3 tests evaluated auditory processing (AP). Comorbidities included attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, language impairment, and impaired manual dexterity, which were identified using percentile ≤ 5 in the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham parental rating scale; Children's Communication Checklist-2; and Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, respectively.ResultsPercentiles ≤ 9, ≤ 5, and < 2 in two or more AP tests had sensitivities (specificities) of 76% (70.6%), 59.3% (76.5%), and 26% (82.4%), respectively, in predicting comorbidities, which were present in 150 of the 167 participants. The criterion of “≤ 9 percentile in two or more AP tests” (Approach I) diagnosed APD in 119 participants, and criterion “≤ 5 percentile in two or more AP tests or ≤ 5 percentile in one AP plus one or more measures of comorbidities” (Approach II) diagnosed 123. The combination of approaches diagnosed 128 participants (76.6%) with APD, of which 114 were diagnosed by each approach (89%). Language impairment and impaired manual dexterity, but not attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, predicted APD.Conclusions“Percentile ≤ 9 in two or more AP tests” or “percentile ≤ 5 in one AP plus one or more measures of comorbidities” are evidence-based APD diagnostic criteria. Holistic and interprofessional practice evaluating comorbidities including motor skills is important for APD.
Coupling Articulatory Placement Strategies With Phonemic Awareness Instruction to Support Emergent Literacy Skills in Preschool Children: A Collaborative Approach
Authors: Becker Robyn , Sylvan Lesley 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The merits of collaboration between teachers and speech-language pathologists have been extensively highlighted in literature on multitiered educational frameworks. Studies also illustrate the link between articulation, phonemic awareness, and, ultimately, reading skills. This article describes the impact of an intervention targeting articulation and phonemic awareness provided collaboratively to preschool children to enhance emergent literacy skills with the long-term goal of preventing later reading difficulties.

Method

This pilot study involved a bidirectional collaboration between a speech-language pathologist and a teacher by providing articulatory placement strategies to link accurate speech production with early phonemic awareness activities in the context of a private early childhood center. Seventeen children (
N
= 17) participated in the study, with ages ranging from 55 to 65 months.

Results
The results indicated significant differences in phonemic segmentation as well as reading phonemically spelled words and nonwords when comparing the baseline to the collaboratively based articulatory placement plus phonemic awareness intervention. Significant differences were also seen when comparing the traditional literacy program to the collaboratively based articulatory placement plus phonemic awareness intervention.

Conclusions
The results suggest there may be a benefit to using articulatory placement strategies with phonemic awareness activities directly in the preschool classroom in collaboration with teachers. This pilot study adds to the literature by transferring principles demonstrated as effective for individual children in the research laboratory to application with a whole class in an authentic setting.
Children Born Prematurely May Demonstrate Catch-Up Growth in Pre-Adolescence
Authors: Mahurin-Smith Jamie , DeThorne Laura S. , Petrill Stephen A. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Children born prematurely often score lower on standardized tests of language in early childhood. Less is known about longer term outcomes. This investigation considered language outcomes in pre-adolescent children born very preterm/very low birthweight, as assessed by both standardized test scores and language sample measures, and explored attention abilities as a possible moderating factor.

Method
The present investigation provided a longitudinal follow-up to Mahurin Smith et al. (2014) by examining the language outcomes of 84 children at the 11-year time point (39 with a history of prematurity and 45 born at full term) and a total of 82 at the 12-year time point (37 with a history of prematurity, 45 born at full term). Assessments included subtests of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals– Fourth Edition, productive language measures taken from narrative tasks, and parent and examiner ratings of attention.

Results
Gestational age significantly predicted standardized language scores at age 11 years, but this effect was no longer statistically significant at age 12 years. When parent ratings of attention were considered as additional variables, gestational age was no longer a significant predictor. Gestational age did not serve as a significant predictor for the productive language measures at either time point.

Discussion
Results indicate that catch-up growth in language may take place in pre-adolescence for many children born prematurely. Clinical implications focus on the need to utilize multiple forms of language assessment and to directly consider the potential role of attention on standard test results.
Mass Mimicking Autoimmune Pancreatitis—A Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Shah Diva S. , Prajapati Bharat , Sanghavi Kintan , Kanhere Shubhda , Kothari Jagdish , Dubal Jignesh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAutoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) consists of two clinically histologically distinct forms (type I and II) of chronic pancreatitis that are histologically different. These forms of AIP classically respond to oral steroids. The focal form of AIP resembles pancreatic carcinoma both clinically and radiologically and it is of utmost importance to make an early correct diagnosis between these two diseases in order to identify the optimal therapeutic strategy and to avoid unnecessary laparotomy or pancreatic resection in AIP patients. Here we report focal forms of type I and II AIP with clinical and imaging features closely mimicking pancreatic carcinoma.
The Nodovenous Shunt and Reduction Surgery for Post-Filarial Lymphedema—Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Victor Jonathan , Stephen Tovia , Guin Devajyoti , Victor Joseph 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Most of the patients in our Indian setting present with grade 4 lymphedema in which no other surgical option is available and in these debilitating cases the nodovenous shunt followed by reduction surgery provides acceptable outcomes. We would like to describe the surgical technique used for the nodovenous shunt procedure and debulking surgery done in post-filarial lymphedema and share our experience with clinical outcomes.
Materials and Methods This was a descriptive study. The study period was from 2010 to 2019. Patient records were reviewed retrospectively, and the data was analyzed. All patients with post-filarial lymphedema, operated by two surgeons, were studied. The surgical technique was described.
Results In the study period, 16 patients with lymphedema were treated surgically. The number of procedures done was 32. In 14 of them nodovenous shunt followed by debulking surgery was done. Two of the patients with post-filarial lymphedema had multiple nodules following secondary skin changes and in them sculpting surgery was done following the nodovenous shunt. Most of the patients presented with grade 4 lymphedema. In all the patients there was significant (>5 cm) reduction in limb circumference postoperatively.
Conclusion Nodovenous shunt followed by reduction surgery for lymphedema is a reliable surgical option to reduce disease morbidity in patients with post-filarial lymphedema.
Medial Plication Using an Arthroscopic All-Inside Technique for Treatment of Patellar Instability in Adolescents
Authors: Ji Gang , Zhou Jianwei , Gao Jinbao , Bai Weixia , Wang Fei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to present a medial plication using an arthroscopic all-inside technique for the treatment of patellar instability in adolescents. From July 2009 to June 2012, 19 patients with acute patellar dislocation were operated by this technique. Of these patients, follow-up was available in 17 patients at an average of 3 years (range: 1.5–4 years). At the follow-up, we evaluated the patients with physical examinations, radiographs, computed tomography scan, as well as the Lysholm and Kujala scoring scales. No recurrence of patellar instability has been found. The recovery of knee mobilization resulted to be good. We think this could be a valid technique to treat patellar instability in adolescents with less associated morbidity and good cosmetic results.
Deficiency of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist: New Genetic Autoinflammatory Disease as a Diagnostic Challenge for Pediatricians
Authors: Rivera-Sepulveda Andrea , Colón-Fontánez Francisco , López Maricarmen , Puig-Ramos Gilberto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDeficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is a rare autoinflammatory disease that affects infants early in life. It often presents with systemic inflammation, skin and bone involvement. We present a 5-month-old boy who was hospitalized due to generalized erythematous pustular eruption with secondary impetigo, cellulitis, bronchiolitis, and elevated inflammatory markers. The patient was unresponsive to multiple courses of intravenous antibiotics, systemic, and topical steroid medications. The patient was evaluated by dermatology and rheumatology services among other subspecialities. Skin biopsy showed changes consistent with psoriasiform dermatitis, while bone scans showed multifocal osteomyelitis. The patient was started empirically on anakinra with improvement at 72 hours upon administration. This is one of the youngest reported case in the literature to be started on anakinra empirically prior to genetic confirmation of the mutation. A comprehensive literature review revealed that approximately 20 genetically confirmed patients, including our patient, have been reported with this genetic disease. It is imperative to recognize this disease early to achieve adequate response and remission. Therefore, clinical symptoms and the associated differential diagnosis for this disease should be constantly reassessed and reviewed by pediatricians and subspecialists to detect the disease as early as possible and reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Phenotype and Genotype Profile of Children with Primary Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis: A 10-Year Experience from a North Indian Teaching Institute
Authors: Dawman Lesa , Tiewsoh Karalanglin , Barman Prabal , Pratyusha Kambagiri , Chaakchhuak Lalawmpuia , Sharawat Indar Kumar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPrimary distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) or Type 1 RTA in children is caused by a genetic defect (involved genes ATP6V0A4, ATP6V1B1, SLC4A1, FOXI1, or WDR72), which causes tubular transport defects characterized by an inability to appropriately acidify urine with resultant persistent hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Retrospective analysis of 28 children (14 males) under the age of 14 years with dRTA seen from 2010 to 2019 was reviewed, and detailed clinic records were analyzed. The clinical features, investigations, and response to treatment were recorded. The median age of the children at presentation was 30 months (range: 9.25–72 months), and the median age at onset of symptoms was 2 months. All the children had growth failure, polyuria, and polydipsia at presentation. Mean serum potassium, pH, bicarbonate, and anion gap at presentation was 2.3 ± 0.5 mmol/L, 7.22 ± 0.09, 13.28 ± 4.37 mmol/L, and 9.3 ± 2.18, respectively. Mean serum potassium, pH, bicarbonate at follow-up was 3.88 ± 0.6 mmol/L, 7.35 ± 0.06, and 20.13 ± 4.17 mmol/L, respectively. The median z-score for the weight for age and height for age at initial presentation was −4.77 (–7.68 to –3.74) and –4.21 (–5.42 to –2.37) and at follow-up was –3.35 (–5.29 to –1.55) and –3.84 (–5.36 to –1.63), respectively. Twenty-two (78.6%) children had medullary nephrocalcinosis. Four children had sensorineural hearing loss. Seven children had genetic testing done, and six had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in ATP6V1B1 and ATP6V0A4 gene. Children with dRTA have a guarded prognosis and ATP6V1B1 and ATP6V0A4 mutations are the most common implicated genetic defect in Indian children with distal RTA.