bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting outcome following mild traumatic brain injury: protocol for the longitudinal, prospective, observational Concussion Recovery (CREST) cohort study
Authors: Gozt Aleksandra Karolina , Hellewell Sarah Claire , Thorne Jacinta , Thomas Elizabeth , Buhagiar Francesca , Markovic Shaun , Van Houselt Anoek , Ring Alexander , Arendts Glenn , Smedley Ben , Van Schalkwyk Sjinene , Brooks Philip , Iliff John , Celenza Antonio , Mukherjee Ashes , Xu Dan , Robinson Suzanne , Honeybul Stephen , Cowen Gill , Licari Melissa , Bynevelt Michael , Pestell Carmela F , Fatovich Daniel , Fitzgerald Melinda 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a complex injury with heterogeneous physical, cognitive, emotional and functional outcomes. Many who sustain mTBI recover within 2 weeks of injury; however, approximately 10%–20% of individuals experience mTBI symptoms beyond this ‘typical’ recovery timeframe, known as persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Despite increasing interest in PPCS, uncertainty remains regarding its prevalence in community-based populations and the extent to which poor recovery may be identified using early predictive markers.Objective(1) Establish a research dataset of people who have experienced mTBI and document their recovery trajectories; (2) Evaluate a broad range of novel and established prognostic factors for inclusion in a predictive model for PPCS.Methods and analysisThe Concussion Recovery Study (CREST) is a prospective, longitudinal observational cohort study conducted in Perth, Western Australia.CRESTis recruiting adults aged 18–65 from medical and community-based settings with acute diagnosis of mTBI.CRESTwill create a state-wide research dataset of mTBI cases, with data being collected in two phases.Phase Icollates data on demographics, medical background, lifestyle habits, nature of injury and acute mTBI symptomatology. InPhase II, participants undergo neuropsychological evaluation, exercise tolerance and vestibular/ocular motor screening, MRI, quantitative electroencephalography and blood-based biomarker assessment. Follow-up is conductedviatelephone interview at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after injury. Primary outcome measures are presence of PPCS and quality of life, as measured by the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale and the Quality of Life after Brain Injury questionnaires, respectively. Multivariate modelling will examine the prognostic value of promising factors.Ethics and disseminationHuman Research Ethics Committees of Royal Perth Hospital (#RGS0000003024), Curtin University (HRE2019-0209), Ramsay Health Care (#2009) and St John of God Health Care (#1628) have approved this study protocol. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12619001226190.
Factors affecting the risk of relapsing-onset and progressive-onset multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hedström Anna Karin , Hillert Jan , Olsson Tomas , Alfredsson Lars 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveIt has been debated whether the different clinical disease courses in multiple sclerosis (MS) are the consequence of different pathogenic mechanisms, with distinct risk factors, or if all MS clinical phenotypes are variations of similar underlying disease mechanisms. We aimed to study environmental risk factors and their interactions with human leucocyte antigen DRB1*15:01 with regards to relapsing-onset and progressive-onset MS.MethodsWe used two Swedish population-based case–control studies, including 7520 relapsing-onset cases, 540 progressive-onset cases and 11 386 controls matched by age, sex and residential area. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs with 95% CIs for associations between the different MS phenotypes and a number of environmental and lifestyle factors. Interaction between the DRB1*15:01 allele and environmental risk factors was evaluated on the additive scale.ResultsAll environmental and lifestyle factors associated with risk of developing MS apply to both relapsing-onset and progressive-onset disease. Smoking, obesity and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) antibody levels were associated with increased risk of both MS phenotypes, whereas snuff use, alcohol consumption and sun exposure were associated with reduced risk. Additive interactions between DRB1*15:01 and smoking, obesity, EBNA-1 antibody levels and sun exposure, respectively, occurred to increase MS risk regardless of the clinical phenotype.InterpretationOur finding that the same environmental and lifestyle factors affect both relapsing-onset and progressive-onset MS supports the notion that the different clinical phenotypes share common underlying disease mechanisms.
Insights into the Connaught sequence of the Timiskaming varve series from Frederick House Lake, northeastern Ontario
Authors: Brooks Gregory R. 
Published: May 2021

A sub-bottom acoustic profile survey encountered a mass transport deposit (MTD) bed, 5–7 m thick, interbedded within glaciolacustrine deposits of glacial Lake Ojibway at Frederick House Lake, Ontario, Canada. Analysis of the thickness patterns of rhythmic couplets in recovered core samples revealed that the Connaught sequence, the youngest of the Timiskaming varve series, immediately underlie and overlie the MTD. Comparison to regional published varve series reveals two possible interpretations for the varve numbering: varve (v) 2066 to v2115, which requires the inference of a 55 varve year (vyr) disconformity just below the Connaught sequence, while the alternative numbering, v2011a to v2060a (a = alternative), extends continuously from older varves. Circumstantial evidence supporting the alternative numbering is as follows: (i) the uncertainty of applying a common 55 vyr disconformity to three varve series located up to 23 km apart and which otherwise exhibit closely matching thickness plots; (ii) the lack of evidence of an erosive unconformity in the sub-bottom acoustic profiles from Frederick House Lake; and (iii) the uncertain varve count within a key part of the Matagami series, located about 300 km away and from which the 55 vyr disconformity is extrapolated. At Frederick House Lake, the alternative numbering indicates that the maximum position of the Cochrane ice advance and the Connaught varves may be, in effect, contemporary in age. More broadly, the alternative numbering indicates that the youngest known varve that formed before the terminal drainage of glacial Lake Ojibway is v2074a rather than v2129 in the original numbering.
A Lower Devonian age for the Corvock Granite and its significance for the structural history of South Mayo and the Laurentian margin of western Ireland
Authors: Graham John R. , Riggs Nancy R. 
Published: May 2021

The Silurian Croagh Patrick succession, which crops out just south of a fundamental Caledonian structural zone near Clew Bay, western Ireland, is a series of psammites and pelites with a strong penetrative cleavage. These rocks are intruded by the Corvock granite. A suite of minor intrusions associated with the granite contains the regional cleavage whereas the Corvock granite is undeformed. New U–Pb dates are 413 +7 / –4 Ma for a strongly cleaved sill and 410 ± 4 Ma for the main granite, and closely constrain the age of crystallization of the granite and coeval cleavage formation as Lower Devonian (Lochkovian or Pragian), implying syn- to late-kinematic granite emplacement. These data are consistent with evidence for strong sinistral shear shown by the Ox Mountains granodiorite just to the northeast dated at 412.3 ± 0.8 Ma. This Devonian cleavage is superimposed on Ordovician rocks of the South Mayo Trough. The localisation of the strong deformation is interpreted as being due to its position at a restraining bend during regional sinistral motion on a segment of the Fair Head – Clew Bay Line to the north. Contemporaneous deformation in the syn-kinematic Donegal batholith suggests a transfer of sinistral motion to this intra-Grampian structure rather than simple along-strike linkage to the Highland Boundary Fault in Scotland. Our new data indicate diachronous deformation during the late Silurian and early Devonian history of the Irish and Scottish Caledonides and also support previous interpretations of diachronous deformation between these areas and the Appalachian orogens.
Radial and circular motion of photons and test particles in the Schwarzschild black hole with quintessence and string clouds
Authors: Mustafa G. , Hussain Ibrar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe null and timelike geodesic motion in the vicinity of the Schwarzschild black hole in the presence of the string cloud parameter a and the quintessence field parameter q is studied. The ranges for both the parameters a and q are determined, which allow the existence of the black hole. In the radial motion of photon, the coordinate time t first decreases with the increasing values of both the parameters a and q and then in the close proximity of the horizon of the black hole, there is a turning point, after which the effect of the quintessence field is just opposite on the time t. For the massive particles, the proper time $$\tau $$
τ
decreases with increasing values of the parameter a and increases with increase in the value of the parameter q. In the same case of the massive particles, the coordinate time t decreases with increase in the values of both the parameters a and q. Further, it is found that for test particles, the stable circular orbits exist in this spacetime for small values of both the parameters i.e., for $$0<a\ll 1$$

0
<
a
≪
1

and $$0<q\ll 1$$

0
<
q
≪
1

. It is observed that the radii of the null circular orbits increase as the values of the parameters a and q increase. While in the case of the timelike geodesics, the radii of the circular orbits increase as the value of the parameter a increases, and they decrease as the value of the parameter q increases.
W-boson production in TMD factorization
Authors: Gutierrez-Reyes Daniel , Leal-Gomez Sergio , Scimemi Ignazio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAt hadron colliders, the differential cross section for W production can be factorized and it is sensitive transverse momentum dependent distributions (TMD) for low boson transverse momentum. While, often, the corresponding non-perturbative QCD contributions are extrapolated from Z boson production, here we use an existing extraction (based on the code Artemide) of TMD which includes data coming from Drell–Yan and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, to provide checks and predictions for the W case. Including fiducial cuts with different configurations and kinematical power corrections, we consider transverse momentum dependent cross sections within several intervals of the vector boson transverse mass. We perform the same study for the $$p_T^{W^-}/p_T^{W^+}$$

p
T

W
-

/

p
T

W
+

and $$p_T^Z/p_T^W$$

p
T
Z

/

p
T
W

distributions. We compare our predictions with recent extractions of these quantities at ATLAS and CMS and results from TeVatron. The results encourage a broader experimental and phenomenological work, and a deeper study of TMD for the W case.
Near-optimal Distributed Triangle Enumeration via Expander Decompositions
Authors: Chang Yi-Jun , Pettie Seth , Saranurak Thatchaphol , Zhang Hengjie 
Published: May 2021

We present improved distributed algorithms for variants of the triangle finding problem in the

model. We show that triangle detection, counting, and enumeration can be solved in

rounds using
expander decompositions
. This matches the triangle enumeration lower bound of

by Izumi and Le Gall [PODC’17] and Pandurangan, Robinson, and Scquizzato [SPAA’18], which holds even in the

model. The previous upper bounds for triangle detection and enumeration in

were

and

, respectively, due to Izumi and Le Gall [PODC’17].

An

-expander decomposition of a graph

is a clustering of the vertices

such that (i) each cluster

induces a subgraph with conductance at least

and (ii) the number of inter-cluster edges is at most

. We show that an

-expander decomposition with

can be constructed in

rounds for any

and positive integer

. For example, a

-expander decomposition only requires

rounds to compute, which is optimal up to subpolynomial factors, and a

-expander decomposition can be computed in

rounds, for any arbitrarily small constant

.

Our triangle finding algorithms are based on the following generic framework using expander decompositions, which is of independent interest. We first construct an expander decomposition. For each cluster, we simulate

algorithms with small overhead by applying the
expander routing
algorithm due to Ghaffari, Kuhn, and Su [PODC’17] Finally, we deal with inter-cluster edges using recursive calls.
Combining AFM13, a Bispecific CD30/CD16 Antibody, with Cytokine-Activated Blood and Cord Blood–Derived NK Cells Facilitates CAR-like Responses Against CD30+ Malignancies
Authors: Kerbauy Lucila N. , Marin Nancy D. , Kaplan Mecit , Banerjee Pinaki P. , Berrien-Elliott Melissa M. , Becker-Hapak Michelle , Basar Rafet , Foster Mark , Garcia Melo Luciana , Neal Carly C. , McClain Ethan , Daher May , Nunez Cortes Ana Karen , Desai Sweta , Inng Lim Francesca Wei , Mendt Mayela Carolina , Schappe Timothy , Li Li , Shaim Hila , Shanley Mayra , Ensley Emily L. , Uprety Nadima , Wong Pamela , Liu Enli , Ang Sonny O. , Cai Rong , Nandivada Vandana , Mohanty Vakul , Miao Qi , Shen Yifei , Baran Natalia , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Chen Ken , Muniz-Feliciano Luis , Champlin Richard E. , Nieto Yago L. , Koch Joachim , Treder Martin , Fischer Wolfgang , Okamoto Oswaldo Keith , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Fehniger Todd A. , Rezvani Katayoun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Natural killer (NK)-cell recognition and function against NK-resistant cancers remain substantial barriers to the broad application of NK-cell immunotherapy. Potential solutions include bispecific engagers that target NK-cell activity via an NK-activating receptor when simultaneously targeting a tumor-specific antigen, as well as enhancing functionality using IL12/15/18 cytokine pre-activation.

Experimental Design:
We assessed single-cell NK-cell responses stimulated by the tetravalent bispecific antibody AFM13 that binds CD30 on leukemia/lymphoma targets and CD16A on various types of NK cells using mass cytometry and cytotoxicity assays. The combination of AFM13 and IL12/15/18 pre-activation of blood and cord blood–derived NK cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
We found heterogeneity within AFM13-directed conventional blood NK cell (cNK) responses, as well as consistent AFM13-directed polyfunctional activation of mature NK cells across donors. NK-cell source also impacted the AFM13 response, with cNK cells from healthy donors exhibiting superior responses to those from patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. IL12/15/18-induced memory-like NK cells from peripheral blood exhibited enhanced killing of CD30+ lymphoma targets directed by AFM13, compared with cNK cells. Cord-blood NK cells preactivated with IL12/15/18 and ex vivo expanded with K562-based feeders also exhibited enhanced killing with AFM13 stimulation via upregulation of signaling pathways related to NK-cell effector function. AFM13–NK complex cells exhibited enhanced responses to CD30+ lymphomas in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions:
We identify AFM13 as a promising combination with cytokine-activated adult blood or cord-blood NK cells to treat CD30+ hematologic malignancies, warranting clinical trials with these novel combinations.
(Chemo)Radiotherapy–Immunotherapy Combinations: Time to Get Tailored?
Authors: Mondini Michele , Deutsch Eric 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChemoradiotherapy is considered an immunogenic anticancer treatment. Data obtained during the course of chemoradiotherapy treatment of patients with cervical cancer show heterogeneous changes in the tumor immune landscape, highlighting the need for patient selection to rationally design successful combined immunotherapies. Blood-based biomarkers could be valuable to perform such stratification.See related article by Chen et al., p. 3990
Expression of Resistin, Chemerin, and Chemerin’s Receptor in the Unstable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: Yanofsky Russell , Sancho Carina , Gasbarrino Karina , Zheng Huaien , Doonan Robert J. , Jaunet Fanny , Steinmetz-Wood Samantha , Veinot John P. , Lai Chi , Daskalopoulou Stella S. 
Published: May 2021

Background and Purpose:
Unstable carotid plaques are a common cause of ischemic strokes. Identifying markers that reflect/contribute to plaque instability has become a prominent focus in cardiovascular research. The adipokines, resistin and chemerin, and ChemR23 (chemerin receptor), may play a role in carotid atherosclerosis, making them potential candidates to assess plaque instability. However, the expression and interrelationship of resistin and chemerin (and ChemR23) protein and mRNA within the carotid atherosclerotic plaque remains elusive. Thus, we investigated herein, the association between plaque mRNA and protein expression of resistin and chemerin (and ChemR23) and carotid plaque instability in humans, and whether sex differences exist in the relationship between these adipokines and plaque instability.

Methods:
Human carotid plaques were processed for immunohistochemical/mRNA analysis of resistin, chemerin, and ChemR23. Plaque instability was assessed by gold-standard histological classifications. A semi-quantitative scoring system was used to determine the intensity of adipokine expression on macrophages/foam cells, as well as the percentage of inflammatory cells stained positive. Plaque adipokine protein expression was also digitally quantified and mRNA expression was assessed by qRT-PCR.

Results:

Resistin and chemerin mRNA expression was 80% and 32% lower, respectively, in unstable versus stable plaques (
P
<0.05), while no difference in ChemR23 mRNA expression was observed. In contrast, greater resistin staining intensity and percentage of cells stained positive were detected in unstable versus stable plaques (
P
<0.01). Similarly, chemerin and ChemR23 staining intensity and percentage of cells stained were positively associated with plaque instability (
P
<0.05). No strong sex-specific relationship was observed between adipokines and plaque instability.

Conclusions:
This study examined the relationship between resistin, chemerin, and ChemR23, and carotid plaque instability, with a specific analysis at the plaque level. We reported a positive association between plaque instability and protein levels of resistin, chemerin, and ChemR23 but a negative association with resistin and chemerin mRNA expression. This suggests these adipokines exert proinflammatory roles in the process of carotid atherosclerosis and may be regulated via a negative feedback regulatory mechanism.
Paul Kammerer and epigenetics – a reappraisal of his experiments
Authors: Nahm Michael 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
During recent years, the scientific interest in the work of Austrian biologist Paul Kammerer (1880‒1926) has risen again. This development can largely be attributed to advances in the fields of epigenetics and epigenetic inheritance, and it resulted in provocative discussions. This article contributes to enhancing the knowledge about Kammerer’s publications in two respects. First, I provide a brief overview and contextualization of Kammerer’s main works on phenotypic plasticity and its inheritance, some of which seem little known at present. Thereafter, to ensure an accurate transmission of the historical record, I comment on recently published suggestive information about what Kammerer did and wrote, chiefly referring to Kammerer’s original writings on fire salamanders (Salamandra salamandra) and cave salamanders (Proteus anguinus). Although the exact contents of Kammerer’s writings remain controversial and must be regarded with caution, his writings need to be treated objectively and accurately to avoid historical record distortion and to render the performance of adequate replications of his experiments possible.
Warher
Authors: Sevada Sune , Hovakimyan Laura , Khachatryan Silvia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
“Warher” is a short story from the 2019 book Addiction written by Sune Sevada – a young Armenian writer and journalist, whose work has received much widespread recognition and acclaim. “Warher” is a story of love and struggle, an emotional outburst depicting the lives of those who remain behind, as the men go to war. Sevada’s short story is particularly significant in that it provides a testimony of the just recent war waged on the people and lands of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabagh) by the Turkish and Azeri governments, where a small group of people had to defend their indigenous lands, families, and their homes against millions. Through detailed descriptions and hidden symbols, the story gives the readers a deep understanding of these events, and more specifically, the emotional struggles of the women and children, who live in constant fear and terror, anxiously await the fate of their loved ones fighting in war.
ԿԻԼԻԿՅԱՆ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ԲԵՐԴԵՐՆ ՈՒ ՔԱՂԱՔՆԵՐՆ ԸՍՏ ՄՈՒՍՈՒԼՄԱՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՂԲՅՈՒՐՆԵՐԻ
Authors: Danielyan (ԳԱԳԻԿ ԴԱՆԻԵԼՅԱՆ) Gagik 
Published: May 2021

Ամփոփում
Կիլիկեան Հայաստանի պատմութեան ուսումնասիրողները մինչ օրս անբավարար ուշադրութիւն են դարձրել այս պետութեան տեղագրական և պատմաաշխարհագրական նկարագրութեանը։ Հայկական պետութեան բազմաթիւ ամրոցների աշխարհագրական տեղադրութեան եւ ճարտարապետական դիմագծի վերաբերեալ միայն սուղ տեղեկութիւններ ունենք։ Կիլիկեան Հայաստանի շատ բերդամրոցների մասին էլ առհասարակ տուեալների չենք տիրապետում։ Անշուշտ, իրավիճակը բոլորովին այլ կը լինէր, եթէ հայագիտութիւնը զանազան պատմական աղբիւրներից իրեն յայտնի տեղեկութիւնները առկայ հնագիտական տուեալների հետ համեմատելու եւ համադրելու հնարաւորութիւն ունենար։ Պատճառներից մէկն էլ այն է, որ հայագէտները մինչ օրս հիմնականում անտեսել են օտար սկզբնաղբիւրները։ Տուեալ դէպքում խօսքը մասնաւորապէս միջնադարեան մուսուլմանական պատմաաշխարհագրական գրականութեան մասին է, որ պարունակում է թեմայի վերաբեալ հայագիտութեանը մինչ այժմ անյայտ կամ քիչ յայտնի որոշ կարեւոր տեղեկութիւններ։ Սոյն յօդուածը նուիրուած է մի ծովափնեայ բերդամրոցի, որի մասին հայկական աղբիւրներն առհասարակ լուռ են։ Այնուամենայնիւ, ժամանակի մուսուլմանական եւ այլ օտար աղբիւրներում եւ վաւերագրերում պահպանուել են թէկուզեւ շատ կցկտուր, բայց կարեւոր տեղեկութիւններ նրա պատմութեան վերաբերեալ։ Ֆրանկները ծովափնեայ այս բերդամրոցը Կանամելլա կամ Կարամելլա են անուանել։ Արաբալեզու պատմագրութեան մէջ այն ալ-Թինի կամ Հիսն ալ-Թինաթ է կոչուել։ Փորձ է արուած մէկտեղ հաւաքել եւ համադրել Թ.-ԺԴ. դդ. արաբալեզու եւ այլ օտարալեզու պատմական եւ աշխարհագրական երկերում, ուղեգրութիւններում, վաւերագրերում եւ քարտէզներում այս ծովափնեայ բերդամրոցի վերաբերեալ պահպանուած բոլոր վկայութիւններն ու յիշատակութիւնները։
Outpatient Parotidectomy, a Safety and Financial Review
Authors: Scher Maxwell , Cabrera Claudia I. , Cai Yida , Tamaki Akina , Li Shawn , Fowler Nicole , Rezaee Rod , Lavertu Pierre , Teknos Theodoros , Thuener Jason 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the safety, efficacy, and potential cost-savings of the outpatient parotidectomy procedure. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent a parotidectomy at a large academic center from 2015 through 2019 including demographic data, postoperative complications, drain placement, readmission, and financial cost. A comparison was performed between patients who underwent an outpatient vs inpatient parotidectomy. Results: A total of 335 patients underwent parotidectomy (136 outpatient; 199 inpatient). Comparison of patient demographics, common comorbidities, tumor size, tumor type, postoperative complications, and readmission rate was similar between the inpatient and outpatient cohorts. The overall mean cost difference between inpatient parotidectomy and outpatient parotidectomy for all years was $1528.58 (95%CI: $1139-$1916). Conclusion: The outpatient parotidectomy procedure has a comparable safety profile to the inpatient procedure while providing a significant cost-savings benefit.