bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Legal Consolidation of Language Policy of Russian Empire on Ukrainian Provinces in XIX – early XX Century
Authors: Shevchenko O. V. 
Published: April 2021

The need to create an effective mechanism to ensure the implementation of language policy by our state has been increased at the present stage of the development of Ukraine and its legal system. It, on the one hand, will ensure the revival and spread of the Ukrainian language, and on the other will allow the development of national minority languages in accordance with the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (1992), the UN Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities (1992), the UN Resolution on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities (1995), The Oslo Recommendations on the Language Rights of National Minorities (1998) and other existing international legal acts. Historical experience can significantly help the successful implementation of measures aimed at improving the effectiveness of domestic legislation in this area. It will allow us not to repeat the mistakes of the past and take into account and use the positive developments. Unfortunately, domestic practice demonstrates a clear lack of attention to the study and use of such experience.
The purpose of the article is a comprehensive historical and legal analysis of the processes of legal consolidation and implementation of the language policy of the Russian Empire on the Ukrainian lands in the XIX – early XX centuries. In accordance with the purpose, the following tasks have been formulated: to consider how the imperial language policy has evolved, aimed at narrowing the scope of using the language of the Ukrainian people for assimilation, to emphasize the role and significance of the legal component in these processes that was expressed in the legislation and law-enforcement activity of the relevant state authorities.
Scientific novelty is manifested in the fact that this article is one of the first scientific works, where the problems of legal consolidation of Russification language policy on the Ukrainian lands during the past and the beginning of the last centuries are studied according to the latest methodological positions, based on a comprehensive analysis of existing scientific literature, regulatory and law-enforcement acts, as well as other historical and legal sources.
The author of the article has emphasized that the tsar pursued a policy of incessant formal and legal restrictions on the Ukrainian language during this period. It has been claimed that during the 60-80s of the XIX century there was the legislative consolidation of that policy. The author has determined the purpose of the imperial government – to limit the scope of use of the Ukrainian language in order to prevent it from becoming a key element in the creation of Ukrainian identity.
Role of Legislation and State Policy in Minimizing the Impact of Threats to Environmental Safety in the Automobile Transport Sector
Authors: Bryhadyr I. V. , Panova I. V. 
Published: April 2021

The role of legislation and state policy in minimizing the impact of threats to environmental safety in the field of automobile transport has been studied. The main directions of the development of state policy and legislation in the field of reducing the negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment and public health have been defined.
The main problems of reducing the negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment and public health, as well as the development of state and legal mechanisms to overcome them have been determined.
The main environmental problems faced by governments are the use of internal combustion engines and fuel quality indicators. Many EU countries are refusing to further impose more strict requirements on the operation of motor fuel engines, instead introducing mechanisms to completely abandon such vehicle propulsion systems. However, such a refusal raises another problem of greening of road transport – the problem of electrification of transport, in the process of which it is necessary to solve the problems of transport energy and disposal of used batteries of electric vehicles.
The authors have emphasized on inexpediency that to be limited in the long run only to mechanisms for setting more strict emission requirements for cars. The authors have indicated the need for a comprehensive approach to solving environmental problems to prevent the emergence of new significant difficulties – the accumulation of used batteries of electric cars, the depletion of non-renewable resources for their manufacture, etc. It has been offered to join Ukraine to the pan-European initiative of electrification of road transport, to develop the state program for the transformation of the motor transport industry with clear deadlines for the introduction of restrictions on the use of internal combustion engines, to introduce mechanisms to financially stimulate the transition from internal combustion engines to electric combustion engines.
Legal Regulation of Police Work Incentives
Authors: Kovalenko K. V. 
Published: April 2021

Based on the analysis of scientific views of scholars, the author has established that the legal regulation of incentives for police work is the regulation of public relations by law means in regard to external incentives for police officers to highly professional, conscientious and dedicated performance of professional and official tasks, functions and powers, as well as their encouragement to achieve positive results in this work.
It has been emphasized that the need for legal regulation of incentives for police work is due to the fact that, first of all, employees must know and understand what they can expect in case of successful, dedicated, high-quality and effective performance of their duties and responsibilities, as well as what they can expect in case of improper (not effective, in terms of the violation of law, official discipline, norms of public morality, professional ethics, etc.) perfomance of their powers; secondly, work incentives are provided not only through positive motivation and encouragement, i.e. in the form of receiving appropriate remuneration by a police officer or public recognition of his or her merits, but also through the possibility of prosecuting a police officer for improper performance of official duties.
The author has proved that it would be appropriate to provide the right of other subjects, such as members of the public, to raise the issue of encouraging a police officer in order to reduce the dependence of police officers on their immediate superiors in terms of incentives for conscientious work and special merits to society, since police officers serve not the superior officer, but to the people of Ukraine.
It has been clarified that the normative principles of implementing the incentive measures within the system of police agencies cause certain remarks that do not allow to consider incentives as an unequivocally effective tool for influencing the efficiency and quality of police officers’ performance of their professional tasks, functions and responsibilities; a tool that really encourages them to selfless and conscientious work in the interests and for the benefit of the people of our state.
Problems of Legal Regulation of Academic Integrity Compliance in Ukraine
Authors: Bernatskyi O. V. 
Published: April 2021

The current state of legal regulation of academic integrity in Ukraine has been analyzed. It has been found out that the standards of academic integrity are still poorly studied in the scientific field in Ukraine. However, some aspects of the legal regulation of academic integrity have already been considered in the works of national scholars. However, given the relative novelty of the term of “academic charity” in the current legislation, a number of issues of legal regulation of academic integrity in Ukraine remain relevant and unresolved.
It has been noted that the regulatory requirements for the standards of academic integrity were first enshrined only in 2017in the Art. 42 of the Law of Ukraine “On Education”. It became the legal basis for the protection of the author’s scientific work from its appropriation or unjustified publication by another person. Until now, the “standards” of academic integrity were not enshrined in law, although they were used to some extent in verifying the results of dissertation research. This aspect is still problematic from the point of view of legal regulation, and hence practical application.
The following problems of the current state of legal regulation of academic integrity in Ukraine have been identified: diversity in the approaches of educational institutions to the criteria used in testing scientific papers for literary piracy; the existence of a legal conflict regarding the regulation of the issue of “self-plagiarism” between the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On Education” and the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 567 dated from July 24, 2013; the need to distinguish between additional and detailed liability for the violation of academic integrity; inconsistency of terminology in the current legislation, etc. Ways to solve existing problems have been suggested.
Role of National Taxes and Fees in the System of Mandatory Payments
Authors: Pabat O. V 
Published: April 2021

The provisions of the Tax Code of Ukraine, which determine the national taxes and fees within the system of mandatory payments, have been studied. It has been determined that the main purpose of national taxes and fees is the formation and saturation of the State budget’s revenues. The influence of national taxes and fees on the regulation of production and consumption has been clarified. It has been stated that national taxes and fees have a general impact on each person, obliging him or her to pay taxes established by the Tax Code. It has been determined that the studied taxes and fees are a lever for regulating and preventing negative tendencies in the economy and are the part of the mechanism that ensures the relationship between national interests and the interests of local business entities. The role of national taxes and fees within the system of mandatory payments as a source of revenues of the State budget (given their stability) also determines the policy of formation of all other types of revenues. The role of national taxes and fees in the formation of local budgets in Ukraine has been analyzed, namely such instruments of budget regulation as interest deductions from national taxes and revenues, budget transfers (budget subsidies, subsidies and subventions, withdrawals to the State Budget of Ukraine, intergovernmental settlements) and budget loans.
It has been offered that the share of national taxes, which should be fixed in local budgets, is defined in proportion to the amount of the relevant national tax collected in a particular community. An important criterion for the VAT distribution between centeral and regional budgets should be the population of the region. It has been noted that national taxes are distributed between different levels of the budget system in accordance with the norms of deductions.
New Directions of Mediation Development in Ukraine
Authors: Tokarieva K. S. 
Published: April 2021

The rapid development of public relations in view of the spread of the new disease and acute crisis has an impact on all social institutions without exception. Mediation is no exception, so the current subject of the research is the analysis of new areas of the development of the social and legal institution of mediation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to identify new areas of mediation development in Ukraine, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the most important areas of public life. In accordance with the purpose, the following tasks are formulated: to research the features of mediation in the field of health care; to study the development of online mediation; to study the features of school mediation as a mean of combating bullying. The research was based on a forecasting method to determine the perspectives for the use of mediation to resolve acute social conflicts.
New directions of mediation development in Ukraine have been studied in view of the COVID-19 pandemic and the caused social, political and economic crisis. New challenges of today are considered, where mediation should become an effective tool: a growing number of medical and family disputes, combating domestic violence, combating bullying (school mediation). The slow process of institutionalization of mediation hinders its accessibility, so online mediation may be a new direction of its development in Ukraine. The need to create legislation on mediation remains relevant, which should provide regulations on mediation on the Internet. Modern mediators must adapt new requirements of their activities: to acquire new knowledge (in particular, in the field of medicine as the most perspective area) and use the Internet space for mediation. School mediation should be further promoted and understanding services should be encouraged to prevent violence among children.
Methods to Kill Hostages or Kidnapped Persons
Authors: Bilyk T. V. 
Published: April 2021

Scientific opinions, as well as forensic and investigative practice on the peculiarities of the method of killing hostages or kidnapped persons have been analyzed. The content of the structure of murder methods within the system of forensic characteristics of crimes against human life and health has been revealed. The author has analyzed the essence and has revealed the concept of the method of killing hostages or kidnapped persons; the author has also analyzed its main elements.
Based on the research, the author has offered to define the method of killing hostages or kidnapped persons as a set of techniques and interrelated actions (active or passive) of a person committing a crime aimed at committing a criminal act, consisting of a set of forensic elements that assist the fastest investigation of a crime.
It has been established that currently this issue is not fully revealed. Previously, the methods of murder within the forensic aspect as general principles of crimes against life and health of a person have been repeatedly studied, but the issue about the methods of killing hostages or kidnapped persons has not been sufficiently covered in domestic science. The concept and structure of the methods of killing hostages or kidnapped persons are also insufficiently studied. The content of forensic elements of the methods of killing hostages or kidnapped persons has been revealed: 1) preparation for hostage-taking or kidnapping; 2) hostage-taking or kidnapping; 3) preparation for the murder of a hostage or a kidnapped person; 4) committing the murder of a hostage or a kidnapped person; 5) concealment of the murder of a hostage or a kidnapped person.
Specific Features of Interaction between Criminal Police Divisions and Other Subjects within Counteracting Criminal Offenses against Morality
Authors: Yemets O. M. 
Published: April 2021

The author has defined the peculiarities of the interaction of criminal police units with other entities in counteracting criminal offenses against morality, which should help to solve the problem of scientific provision of the activities of law enforcement agencies in this area. Taking into account the set purpose, the specifics of the object and the subject matter of the research, the author has chosen the methodological tools. During the research the author has used the system of methods of scientific cognition: formal logic (abstraction, analogy, deduction, induction, synthesis) for the detailed clarification of the content of the considered issues; empirical – during the experimental study; method of system analysis – to determine the directions of introduction of innovative approaches to solve the problem; theoretical – during the study of scientific and educational literature; modeling – in the study of certain objects by modeling their individual features.
Based on the analysis of the current practice of law enforcement agencies in combating criminal offenses against morality, the author has defined the current features of the interaction of criminal police units with other entities in this area. Besides, the author has formulated own concept of the interaction of criminal police units with other entities in combating criminal offenses against morality; has provided general characteristics of such entities; and has highlighted some recommendations on the use of their capabilities by operative units of the National Police during the detection, documentation and investigation of these criminal offenses.
It has been established that criminal police units interact with other entities as part of the National Police. In fact the capabilities of Interpol and Europol are used. Besides, cooperation with other international and non-governmental organizations is envisaged. Certain features of the interaction of criminal police units with other entities in combating criminal offenses against morality can be used by law enforcement officers, as well as scholars in conducting further research in this area.
Regarding the Issue on Multidisciplinary Forensic Examinations to Establish the Fact of Contact Interaction
Authors: Sylenok K. P. , Hrosheva O. Y. 
Published: April 2021

The authors of the article analyze theoretical developments on the status of multidisciplinary forensic examinations. Attention is paid to the analysis of the state of legal and methodological support in the appointment and conduct of multidisciplinary forensic examinations. On the example of multidisciplinary forensic examination on the establishment of the fact and circumstances of objects contact interaction, the authors have demonstrated the insufficiency of methodological support in this area and have substantiated the need to develop common and individual methods.
Attention is drawn to availability of a practical need for widespread use of multidisciplinary forensic examinations within investigative and judicial practice. Opinions of scholars concerning the expediency and scientific substantiation of carrying out multidisciplinary forensic examinations for establishing the fact and circumstances of contact interaction are analyzed. The lack of a full legislative and methodological regulation in this area leads to difficulties in forensic expert practice and requires additional coverage and processing.
Discussion in the scientific community as to the main aspects of determining the fact of contact interaction of objects has been going on for a long time. Some scholars strongly suggest that while interaction of two or more objects, several individual independent identification tasks are being resolved and the absence of at least one individualizing feature does not provide grounds for drawing a firm conclusion on the fact of contact interaction. We adhere to a different opinion of scholars and believe that a trace reflects both a particular property of a specific contact area and many interconnected properties of all objects in contact, and most important: the mechanism of trace formation. In the course of establishment of sufficient, unique set of generic (group) features and features of the contact mechanism, the individual complex allowing us to establish the fact of contact interaction of objects is formed.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ENFORCEMENT RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION AND TIN MINING ISSUE IN BANGKA BELITUNG ISLAND
Authors: Handini Widya , Hariansah Syafri 
Published: April 2021

Bangka Belitung faces very serious environmental problems due to illegal tin mining that give negative impacts to the sustainability of ecosystem and human life. Bangka Belitung is the second largest producer of tin in the world and tin mining in Bangka Belitung has been exploited since long time ago (hundred years). Tin mining activity basically increase the wealth of the community but it decrease the environmental stability inshore & offshore. Taking a case study approach, this study was conducted by reviewing and analyzing various legal instrument and information related to tin mining, the environmental problem, & the community engagement. Beside that, this study addresses the following research questions : What is the background issues relating the case between tin mining and environmental degradation in Bangka Belitung? How do tin mining activity give influence to this environmental degradation? How far is the commitment of enforcing the environmental law in this case in line with the commitment of the society? The result showed there’s effort to provide the environmental law from exploration to post mining reclamation, as well as the the community engagement. but the implementation is not enough and need more commitment of enforcing the environmental law that give the major environmental degradation in Bangka Belitung Area. The implementation of the law itself need to be supervised by external party and the enforcement need to be increased as well as the coordination between stakeholders to support the Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia especially in Bangka Belitung.
Nodulation and agronomic performance of soybean grown in different seeding periods and glyphosate formulations
Authors: Escalera Ruddy Alvaro Veliz , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Pimentel João Roberto , Troyjack Cristian , Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Jaques Lanes Beatriz Acosta , Conte Giordano Gelain , Villela Francisco Amaral , Aumonde Tiago Zanatta , Pedó Tiago 
Published: April 2021

The aimed to evaluate the influence of different glyphosate formulations in nodulation, agronomic performance and RR soybean seeds yield, grown in two sowing periods. The experimental design was the casualized blocks with treats disposed in four replicates, being organized in factorial scheme, two seeding periods x five glyphosate formulations. The measured characters were number of nodules per plant, number of active nodules, number of inactive nodules, height of the first legume insertion, plant height, number of legumes per plant, number of seeds per plant, mass of thousand seeds and yield of seeds per plant. The isopropylamine salt influences nodular activity, number of vegetables and seeds per plant, as well as seed yield. The sowing of soybeans at the recommended time propitiates smaller modifications face to glyphosate formulations. mulations.