bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Growing Role and Responsibilities of UNESCO in the Field of Preserving Historic and Cultural Heritage
Authors: Belekova Aysur 
Published: March 2021

UNESCO is the world's largest intergovernmental forum on humanitarian cooperation and offers an alternative way of maintaining bonds among nations. The article examines its growing role and responsibility in the protection and preservation of cultural and historic monuments. The research objective was to determine the role of UNESCO in preserving such monuments, developing measures for their protection, and sustaining historical truth. The research methods included a system-based analysis with its functional and empiric methods. The system-based analysis made it possible to consider interrelated aspects of UNESCO's functioning, approach the matter as a range of problems within a single process, and identify the basic characteristics of UNESCO's policy evolution in the sphere of world heritage conservation. The research also used achievements of political science, diplomacy, history, and international relations. The approach also allowed the author to examine the main tools used by UNESCO, as well as to highlight its current priorities and directions. To analyze the political reality, the author employed such empirical methods as monitoring and study of documents. The author focused on the matters of international cooperation and mutual responsibility of the members the UNESCO World Heritage Convention. The research attempted to identify the most important tasks of Russia in this direction. In the current challenging context, UNESCO has to find a conceptual niche and respond without compromise to any attempts to destroy its basic principles or to politicize its work.
Digital Technologies in the Russian Banking Sector: Main Features and Associated Risks
Authors: Shcherbakova Natalia 
Published: March 2021

The present paper features Russian loan banks that use new information and digital banking technologies. The research involved various methodological approaches, including a systematic approach to the analysis of modern banks. The method of comparative analysis made it possible to interpret various indicators of the activities of loan banks. The method of dynamic analysis helped to identify the main trends in the development of the Russian banking sector. The research objective was to identify the main trends and key problems in the digitalization of the Russian banking sector and the risks that accompany the process. The author believes that digital technologies will increase the country's competitiveness and boost its economic development. Digital economy involves the introduction of new technologies in the banking sector, e.g. e-money, digital signature, contactless payment, blockchain technology, the Internet of things, etc. The usual approaches to customer service are being replaced by advanced practices, as the traditional bank is gradually turning into a multifunctional IT company. However, cyber risks are also growing, and their management requires new approaches.
An association between water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and prevalence of trachoma in Monze district of Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Chikwanda Musonda , Munyinda Nosiku , Mwale Consity , Mbanefo Prince , Banda Tikulirekuti Chileshe , Mubita Patricia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the association between water, sanitation, and hygiene, and the prevalence of trachoma in Monze district, Zambia. The overall prevalence of trachoma among residents of Monze district is 2.0% disaggregated as 3.4% for 1–9 age group and 1.1% for ≥10 age group. The findings reveal an association between trachoma eye infection and drinking water source from protected well/spring, and piped water. After adjusting for other variables, there was an association of drinking water from a protected well/spring (AOR 8.343, CI 1.126–61.803), piped water (AOR 4.127, CI 1.088–15.648), and piped water for washing (AOR 0.172, 95% CI 0.031–0.944.439). The presence of a hand wash facility was very low at 2.9% while hand washing agents were even lower at 0.41%. The study concludes that children are at a higher risk of trachoma prevalence. Other WASH aspects, such as adequacy of water, might be more important than the presence of potable water. The prevalence of trachoma in Monze is WASH focused.
“I delight in love, not in sacrifice”: Hosea 6:6 and Its Rereading in the Gospel of Matthew
Authors: Kubiś Adam 
Published: March 2021

The first part of the article deals with four different understandings of Hosea 6:6 in the context of that entire book: (1) the repudiation of the cult as such; (2) the rejection of a particular notion of cult; (3) the priority of ethics over the cult; and (4) the symbiosis of cult and ethics, i.e. that an authentic cult interweaves ethical values and proper ritual conduct. The author concludes that the fourth interpretation best fits the message of the Book of Hosea. The second part of the article deals with the problem of the textual Vorlage which would have been used by Matthew. He seems to have quoted the Hebrew text in a way that remains faithful to his contemporary hermeneutical rule, according to which each element of a biblical parallelism was to be interpreted separately, based on the belief that every single line carried equal weight and conveyed a new truth or a new law. The Matthean rereading of Hosea 6:6, the focus of the third part, is presented from two perspectives: the synchronic and the diachronic. In the synchronic presentation, the main point of concern is the contribution of the quotes in 9:13 and 12:7 to the understanding of those Matthean pericopes. Finally, the diachronic reading deals with the Matthean use of Hosea 6:6 within the context of the Matthean community and its dialogue with the Rabbinic Judaism of that day.
Influências teóricas de Jürgen Habermas na ciência da informação indexada na BRAPCI
Authors: Gabriel Junior Rene Faustino , Bufrem Leilah Santiago , Lima Marcia Heloisa Tavares de Figueredo 
Published: March 2021

Parte do reconhecimento do filósofo alemão Jürgen Habermas, pertencente à segunda geração de Escola de Frankfurt, participante da tradição da teoria crítica e do pragmatismo, considerando sua importância não só nos estudos de informação, como em outros domínios. Tem como objetivo assinalar sua presença material via base de dados BRAPCI a fim de mapear em uma série de pesquisas, as influências das reflexões deste filósofo. Para este fim, nesta fase, utiliza a metodologia dos Estudos Métricos da Informação com análises dos textos completos dos artigos indexados na Brapci. O resultado recupera os primeiros trabalhos indexados na BRAPCI produzidos no Brasil e fora dele; diagnostica a maior concentração de frequência em razão de um congresso (?) publicado na Revista “Comunicação & Informação” e na Revista Logeion; apresenta uma prevalência de pesquisadores no núcleo do IBICT/UFRJ e UNIRIO que mais foram influenciados por Habermas, estabelecendo uma reflexão sobre a rede de influências derivadas de orientações de Maria Nélida González de Gómez e identifica a obra mais citada “Mudança estrutural da esfera pública” a qual deverá ser o ponto de partida para a continuidade das reflexões sobre a presença do autor na literatura em CI no Brasil. Conclui apresentando uma série de questões desdobradas a partir desses resultados iniciais.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Zam Wissam , Ali Lina 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Immunotherapy drugs, known as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs),
work by blocking checkpoint proteins from binding with their partner proteins. The two main pathways
that are specifically targeted in clinical practice are cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-
4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) that showed potent immune-modulatory effects
through their function as negative regulators of T cell activation.

Methods:
In view of the rapid and extensive development of this research field, we conducted a
comprehensive review of the literature and updated on the use of CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 targeted
therapy in the treatment of several types of cancer, including melanoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma,
breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, cervical cancer, and head
and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Results:
Based on the last updated list released on March 2019, seven ICIs are approved by the
FDA, including ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab,
and cemiplimab.

Conclusion:
This review highlighted the most common adverse effects caused by ICIs which affect
people in different ways.
Understanding the Role of Social Media–Based Mental Health Support Among College Students: Survey and Semistructured Interviews
Authors: Vornholt Piper , De Choudhury Munmun 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundMental illness is a growing concern within many college campuses. Limited access to therapy resources, along with the fear of stigma, often prevents students from seeking help. Introducing supportive interventions, coping strategies, and mitigation programs might decrease the negative effects of mental illness among college students.ObjectiveMany college students find social support for a variety of needs through social media platforms. With the pervasive adoption of social media sites in college populations, in this study, we examine whether and how these platforms may help meet college students’ mental health needs.MethodsWe first conducted a survey among 101 students, followed by semistructured interviews (n=11), of a large public university in the southeast region of the United States to understand whether, to what extent, and how students appropriate social media platforms to suit their struggle with mental health concerns. The interviews were intended to provide comprehensive information on students’ attitudes and their perceived benefits and limitations of social media as platforms for mental health support.ResultsOur survey revealed that a large number of participating students (71/101, 70.3%) had recently experienced some form of stress, anxiety, or other mental health challenges related to college life. Half of them (52/101, 51.5%) also reported having appropriated some social media platforms for self-disclosure or help, indicating the pervasiveness of this practice. Through our interviews, we obtained deeper insights into these initial observations. We identified specific academic, personal, and social life stressors; motivations behind social media use for mental health needs; and specific platform affordances that helped or hindered this use.ConclusionsStudents recognized the benefits of social media in helping connect with peers on campus and promoting informal and candid disclosures. However, they argued against complete anonymity in platforms for mental health help and advocated the need for privacy and boundary regulation mechanisms in social media platforms supporting this use. Our findings bear implications for informing campus counseling efforts and in designing social media–based mental health support tools for college students.
Behavior Change Techniques in Popular Mobile Apps for Smoking Cessation in France: Content Analysis
Authors: Bustamante Luz Adriana , Gill Ménard Cédric , Julien Sabrina , Romo Lucia 
Published: March 2021

Background
The mobile app market differs from country to country, and to date, no previous review of the content quality of smoking cessation apps has been conducted in France.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the general quality of the most popular smoking cessation apps in France and also determine the degree to which apps adhere to established behavioral and cognitive techniques (BCTs) proven effective in clinical practice.

Methods
A systematic research of smoking cessation apps was conducted in both the Google Play Store and Apple Store in the French market. The general quality of popular apps was rated with the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), and the therapeutic quality was assessed with the ratio of adherence of the behavior change technique taxonomy for smoking cessation treatment.

Results
A total of 14 mobile apps met all the inclusion criteria of the content analysis. The interrater reliability varied from “substantial” (0.79) to “almost perfect” (0.9) for the two measures. The mean MARS score was 3.5 out of 5 (median 3.6, IQR 0.6 [3.2-3.8]). The findings suggest that popular apps focus primarily on the functionality dimension of the MARS scale (4.2/5). The mean number of BCTs was 22, with a large difference between apps (minimum 4, maximum 38). At least half of the apps addressed motivation (8.8/14, 63%) and advised on using behavioral skills in order to quit smoking or stay a nonsmoker (8.7/14, 62%). However, only a handful of apps gathered important information (5.9/14, 42%) in order to deliver proper advice regarding the use of approved medication or the implementation of behavioral techniques (4.3/14, 31%). The mean MARS score was positively correlated with the price (r=0.70, P=.007) and the number of BCTs used (r=0.67, P=.01). User rating was not correlated with any quality scale (P=.67).

Conclusions
The content quality of popular smoking cessation apps in France varied by app type and price. Most popular apps propose in general good quality content but lack implementation of evidence-based BCTs associated with effectiveness on smoking cessation treatment. Further research is needed to evaluate the improvement in the content quality of smoking cessation apps in France.
Spatial-Temporal Relationship Between Population Mobility and COVID-19 Outbreaks in South Carolina: Time Series Forecasting Analysis
Authors: Zeng Chengbo , Zhang Jiajia , Li Zhenlong , Sun Xiaowen , Olatosi Bankole , Weissman Sharon , Li Xiaoming 
Published: March 2021

Background
Population mobility is closely associated with COVID-19 transmission, and it could be used as a proximal indicator to predict future outbreaks, which could inform proactive nonpharmaceutical interventions for disease control. South Carolina is one of the US states that reopened early, following which it experienced a sharp increase in COVID-19 cases.

Objective
The aims of this study are to examine the spatial-temporal relationship between population mobility and COVID-19 outbreaks and use population mobility data to predict daily new cases at both the state and county level in South Carolina.

Methods
This longitudinal study used disease surveillance data and Twitter-based population mobility data from March 6 to November 11, 2020, in South Carolina and its five counties with the largest number of cumulative confirmed COVID-19 cases. Population mobility was assessed based on the number of Twitter users with a travel distance greater than 0.5 miles. A Poisson count time series model was employed for COVID-19 forecasting.

Results
Population mobility was positively associated with state-level daily COVID-19 incidence as well as incidence in the top five counties (ie, Charleston, Greenville, Horry, Spartanburg, and Richland). At the state level, the final model with a time window within the last 7 days had the smallest prediction error, and the prediction accuracy was as high as 98.7%, 90.9%, and 81.6% for the next 3, 7, and 14 days, respectively. Among Charleston, Greenville, Horry, Spartanburg, and Richland counties, the best predictive models were established based on their observations in the last 9, 14, 28, 20, and 9 days, respectively. The 14-day prediction accuracy ranged from 60.3%-74.5%.

Conclusions
Using Twitter-based population mobility data could provide acceptable predictions of COVID-19 daily new cases at both the state and county level in South Carolina. Population mobility measured via social media data could inform proactive measures and resource relocations to curb disease outbreaks and their negative influences.
ВОЂЕЊЕ УРБАНЕ ПОЛИТИКЕ У ПРАВЦУ РАЗВОЈА И БЛАГОСТАЊА ГРАЂАНА – ЛЕКЦИЈЕ ИЗ СКАНДИНАВИЈЕ
Authors: Đorđević Snežana 
Published: March 2021

This article analyses the way of managing urban policy in Scandinavian countries, as an example for Serbia. By analyzing urban policy as complex activity, because it demands contextual approach, democratic governmental capacities, good management with capacities to tail services according to the needs of citizens in their community, we could understand cities as stimulators of development and creators of welfare. This analysis tries to identify how Serbia, as transitional country can learn lessons from Scandinavian countries, to modernize management, democratize political system (decentralization and strengthening local government capacities), as well as to decrease corruption and misuses in public affairs.In methodological sense this article includes analysis of the system, the way of creation and steering urban policy in Scandinavian countries with affirmation of knowledge (evidence based public policy) and professionalism. Case study of Copenhagen city and experiences from other cities from this region, will procure in view of potential benefits of such an approach. On this basis comparison is made with similar processes in Serbia, which give us possibility to identify necessary corrections in our system.Some of the results of this paper are better knowledge of Serbian system weaknesses (especially in way of managing cities), loss of benefits which democratic and decentralized society enables, modern management, creation of policies on evidence, and creative searching for solution.One can conclude that reform changes, which turn out to be impossible for implementation in our society, do not demand great material investments, but demand the changing of values, priorities and model of behavior.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E SUSTENTABILIDADE NO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS: DO DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL PARA O SETORIAL
Authors: Conceição de Oliveira Elane , Farias Libania Giovanna Beatriz , Marques Gama Lucilene , Ribeiro Felipe José 
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir com as discussões sobre agricultura familiar e sustentabilidade como prerrogativa para o desenvolvimento do setor primário no estado do Amazonas (AM). Para isto, foi realizado levantamento teórico sobre as interrelações existentes entre agricultura familiar, desenvolvimento local e sustentabilidade; diagnóstico socioeconômico e ambiental da região da Amazônia Ocidental; e, levantamento analítico do setor familiar das propriedades rurais do AM por meio do Censo Agropecuário 2017. Segundo os resultados, teoricamente há uma relação direta entre as contribuições da agricultura familiar para o desenvolvimento local, inclusive sob a perspectiva do desenvolvimento sustentável. Muito embora o setor agropecuário do AM participe apenas com 7% da economia estadual, o setor é expressivamente composto por pequenos agricultores familiares localizados no interior do Estado. O número dos estabelecimentos rurais, em sua maioria, atinge 90% do total, excetuando a pecuária e a aquicultura. As categorias de estrato de terra são inferiores a 10 hectares. O fortalecimento da agricultura familiar na região aumentaria a participação da agropecuária na economia estadual, ajudaria no controle da grande incidência de pobreza monetária da região, controlaria a insegurança alimentar e nutricional e promoveria o desenvolvimento sustentável local.
Spatial molecular heterogeneity of POM during decomposition at different soil depths resolved resolved by VNIR hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Guigue Julien , Just Christopher , Luo Siwei , Fogt Marta , Schloter Michael , Kögel-Knabner Ingrid , Hobley Eleanor 
Published: March 2021

Soil organic matter is composed of fractions with different functions
and reactivity. Among these, particulate organic matter (POM) is the
main educt of new inputs of organic matter in soils and its chemical
fate corresponds to the first stages of the SOM decomposition cascade
ultimately leading to the association of organic and mineral phases. We
aimed at investigating the POM molecular changes during decomposition at
a sub-millimetre scale by combining direct measurements of POM elemental
and molecular composition with laboratory imaging VNIR spectroscopy. For
this, we set up an incubation experiment to compare the molecular
composition of straw and composted green manure, materials greatly
differing in their C/N ratio, during their decomposition in
reconstituted topsoil or subsoil of a Luvisol, and recorded
hyperspectral images at high spatial and spectral resolutions of
complete soil cores at the start and end of the incubation.
Hyperspectral imaging was successfully combined with machine learning
ensembles to produce a precise mapping of POM alkyl/O-N alkyl ratio and
C/N, revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the composition of both
straw and green manure. We found that both types of organic amendment
were more degraded in the reconstituted topsoil than in subsoil after
the incubation. We also measured consistent trends in molecular changes
undergone by straw, with the alkyl/O-N alkyl ratio slightly increasing
from 0.06 to 0.07, and C/N dropping by about 40 units. The green manure
material was very heterogeneous, with no clear molecular changes
detected as a result of incubation.
The visualisation approach presented here enables high-resolution
mapping of the spatial distribution of the molecular characteristics of
organic particles in soil cores, and offers opportunities to disentangle
the roles of POM chemistry and morphology during the first steps of the
decomposition cascade of organic matter in soils.
Creation of the first national linked colorectal cancer dataset in Scotland: prospects for future research and a reflection on lessons learned
Authors: Hanna Catherine , Lemmon Elizabeth , Ennis Holly , Jones Robert , Hay Joy , Halliday Roger , Clark Steve , Morris Eva , Peter Hall 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionCurrent understanding of cancer patients, their treatment pathways and outcomes relies mainly on information from clinical trials and prospective research studies representing a selected sub-set of the patient population. Whole-population analysis is necessary if we are to assess the true impact of new interventions or policy in a real-world setting. Accurate measurement of geographic variation in healthcare use and outcomes also relies on population-level data. Routine access to such data offers efficiency in research resource allocation and a basis for policy that addresses inequalities in care provision.
ObjectiveAcknowledging these benefits, the objective of this project was to create a population level dataset in Scotland of patients with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).
MethodsThis paper describes the process of creating a novel, national dataset in Scotland.
ResultsIn total, thirty two separate healthcare administrative datasets have been linked to provide a comprehensive resource to investigate the management pathways and outcomes for patients with CRC in Scotland, as well as the costs of providing CRC treatment. This is the first time that chemotherapy prescribing and national audit datasets have been linked with the Scottish Cancer Registry on a national scale.
ConclusionsWe describe how the acquired dataset can be used as a research resource and reflect on the data access challenges relating to its creation. Lessons learned from this process and the policy implications for future studies using administrative cancer data are highlighted.