bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of binary programming theory to product color planning with multiple constraints
Authors: Wang Yong , Song Fanghao , Liu Yan , Li Yaying 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCompanies generally set a standard color for product color design to enhance the corporate brand image. When a given color and the planned combination of given areas contain multiple constraints, the exhaustive process that has traditionally been used to obtain the optimal color scheme is often time consuming. Therefore, this study proposes the use of binary programming theory to solve the problem of product color planning with multiple constraints. In this research, binary programming theory is first used to determine the variables of the product color matching design. Thereafter, multiple constraints are established based on various color requirements from the product color matching design, following which the color matching design goal is determined according to the aesthetic experience of the designer on the color matching design. Finally, the constrained formula is converted into a language that can be recognized by the Matlab software and input into the Optimization Tool application to calculate the final color planning scheme. The color design of an intelligent assembly product in the rail transit field is used as an example to demonstrate the operation process of the proposed solution, and the calculation results are verified by subjective questionnaires. The results reveal that the proposed method can effectively solve the problem of product color matching design with multiple constraints, can improve the efficiency of product color matching design with multiple constraints, and offers certain reliability and practicability.
Randomized, Open‐Label, Single‐Dose, Parallel‐Group Pharmacokinetic Study of PF‐06410293 (adalimumab‐afzb), an Adalimumab Biosimilar, by Subcutaneous Dosing Using a Prefilled Syringe or a Prefilled Pen in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Cox Donna S. , Alvarez Daniel F. , Bock Amy E. , Cronenberger Carol L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis open‐label, single‐dose, randomized, parallel‐group, 2‐arm phase 1 bioequivalence (BE) study assessed the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability of PF‐06410293 (ADL‐PF), an adalimumab (ADL) biosimilar, following administration by prefilled pen (PFP) or prefilled syringe (PFS). A total of 164 healthy adult subjects were randomized (1:1) to receive ADL‐PF (40 mg subcutaneously) in the lower abdomen or upper anterior thigh by PFS or PFP; 163 subjects were included in the primary PK analysis. The concentration‐time profiles of the ADL‐PF PFS and PFP treatment arms were similar. The 90% confidence intervals for the test/reference ratios of the primary end points (area under the serum concentration‐time profile from time 0 to 2 weeks after dosing and maximum observed serum concentration) fell within the 80.00%‐125.00% prespecified margin for BE. Comparable numbers of subjects experienced adverse events (AEs) between treatment groups, and injection‐site pain was similar at all times and for the 2 injection‐site locations. This study demonstrated the BE of ADL‐PF following subcutaneous administration using either a PFS or PFP device. ADL‐PF by PFS or PFP injection was well tolerated, with the distribution of AEs, including injection‐site reactions, being similar between treatment arms.
An efficient approach for removing haze from single image using Gaussian pyramidal decomposition
Authors: Kuppusamy Pandian Senthilkumar , Poruran Sivakumar 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe visibility of the image is degraded by haze components which are affected in image during image acquisition process. The haze removal process can be categorized into haze reduction from single image and haze reduction from multiple images. The second case consumes more time and the complexity of algorithm is high. In order to overcome such limitations, this paper proposes an efficient methodology for haze reduction in single acquired image. In this paper, haze detection and removing methodology is proposed using Gaussian pyramidal decomposition. This proposed methodology is tested on both indoor and outdoor haze affected images. The performance of this proposed haze removal algorithm is analyzed with respect to average running time and peak signal to noise ratio, mean square error, mean absolute error, Entropy, and normalized histogram intersection coefficient.
Effect of Change in Valence State of Ga During Annealing on the Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of GZO Crystals
Authors: Liu Zhen‐Hua , Fan Long , Peng Li‐Ping , Li Jia , Fu Ya‐Jun , Xiong Zheng‐Wei , Wang Jin , Fang Jin‐Jing , Xiao Ting‐Ting , Cao Lin‐Hong , Wu Wei‐Dong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, the ZnO:Ga (GZO) single crystals are grown by the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method. The as‐grown crystals are annealed under an oxygen atmosphere at different temperatures. The GZO crystal's structure and its optical and electrical properties are characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐VIS spectrophotometry, and variable‐temperature Hall‐effect measurement. The XPS results indicate that the valence states of the majority of gallium atoms in the GZO crystals undergo transition from the metallic (Ga0) to the non‐metallic state (Gax+) with increasing annealing temperature. The Raman and XRD results show that the compressive stress along the biaxial c‐axis on GZO crystals increases gradually with annealing temperature. Meanwhile, the GZO crystal's transmittance within the range of 300 to 1000 nm is improved significantly from being opaque to about 57%. The GZO crystals exhibit a decrease in free‐carrier concentration (1020–1019 cm−3), an increase in carrier mobility (77.8–87.9 cm2/V−1s−1) and resistivity (10−4–10−2 Ω·cm). The annealed GZO crystal's carrier concentration is practically independent of temperature (90–300 K). These results show that the free‐carrier concentrations are affected by the change of valence states in gallium atoms present in the GZO crystal.
Bioinspired Cooperative Photobiocatalytic Regeneration of Oxidized Nicotinamide Cofactors for Catalytic Oxidations
Authors: Liao Huan‐Xin , Jia Hao‐Yu , Dai Jian‐Rong , Zong Min‐Hua , Li Ning 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Ning Li at South China University of Technology. The image shows an efficient photobiocatalytic system to regenerate oxidized nicotinamide cofactors for dehydrogenase‐mediated oxidations. The Communication itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202100184.
Pulmonary carcinomas arising in association with scar: Cytomorphologic features in histologically confirmed cases
Authors: Lajara Sigfred , Trejo Bittar Humberto E. , Monaco Sara E. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLung carcinoma arising in association with scar tissue is a well‐reported but much debated phenomenon. Scar tissue complicates imaging and pathologic tumor measurement for cancer staging. To the best of our knowledge, the cytological findings in lung scar carcinoma (LSC) have not been described in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the findings in fine‐needle aspirations (FNA) from histologically confirmed LSCs.MethodsLSCs were identified on retrospective search. Cases with preoperative FNA material were reviewed, including non‐scar cases that were used for comparison. The clinical and histopathology findings were recorded.ResultsTwenty‐seven cases associated with scar tissue had material for review and 35 cases not associated with scar tissue were used for comparison. The proportion of fibrosis in resection specimens ranged from 10% to 80%. Five (19%) FNA cases were hypocellular. There was no statistically significant difference between the scar and non‐scar groups in terms of overall cellularity and diagnostic categories (P = .113 and P = .17, respectively). There was correlation between cytology and dominant pattern on histology in 19 (79%) adenocarcinoma cases. Spindle cells and fibrous or fibroelastotic fragments were present in 22 (81%) cases.ConclusionThis is the first study describing the cytology associated with LSCs. The presence of fibrosis did not adversely impact cellularity, which is likely due to multiple excursions and selective microdissection of tumor cells by the FNA needle. The cytomorphological and histological patterns correlated in most cases. FNA is able to provide a preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma despite the presence of fibrosis.
Incorporation of mineral nitrogen into the soil food web as affected by plant community composition
Authors: Strecker Tanja , Jesch Annette , Bachmann Dörte , Jüds Melissa , Karbstein Kevin , Ravenek Janneke , Roscher Christiane , Weigelt Alexandra , Eisenhauer Nico , Scheu Stefan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough nitrogen (N) deposition is increasing globally, N availability still limits many organisms, such as microorganisms and mesofauna. However, little is known to which extent soil organisms rely on mineral‐derived N and whether plant community composition modifies its incorporation into soil food webs. More diverse plant communities more effectively compete with microorganisms for mineral N likely reducing the incorporation of mineral‐derived N into soil food webs. We set up a field experiment in experimental grasslands with different levels of plant species and functional group richness. We labeled soil with 15NH415NO3 and analyzed the incorporation of mineral‐derived 15N into soil microorganisms and mesofauna over 3 months. Mineral‐derived N incorporation decreased over time in all investigated organisms. Plant species richness and presence of legumes reduced the uptake of mineral‐derived N into microorganisms. In parallel, the incorporation of mineral‐derived 15N into mesofauna species declined with time and decreased with increasing plant species richness in the secondary decomposer springtail Ceratophysella sp. Effects of both plant species richness and functional group richness on other mesofauna species varied with time. The presence of grasses increased the 15N incorporation into Ceratophysella sp., but decreased it in the primary decomposer oribatid mite Tectocepheus velatus sarekensis. The results highlight that mineral N is quickly channeled into soil animal food webs via microorganisms irrespective of plant diversity. The amount of mineral‐derived N incorporated into soil animals, and the plant community properties affecting this incorporation, differed markedly between soil animal taxa, reflecting species‐specific use of food resources. Our results highlight that plant diversity and community composition alter the competition for N in soil and change the transfer of N across trophic levels in soil food webs, potentially leading to changes in soil animal population dynamics and community composition. Sustaining high plant diversity may buffer detrimental effects of elevated N deposition on soil biota.
Linking the maximum reported life span to the aging rate in wild birds
Authors: Xia Canwei , Møller Anders Pape 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDozens of surrogates have been used to reflect the rate of aging in comparative biology. For wild organisms, the maximum reported life span is often considered a key metric. However, the connection between the maximum reported life span for a single individual and the aging rate of that species is far from clear. Our objective was to identify a pragmatic solution to calculate the aging rate from the maximum reported life span of wild birds. We explicitly linked the maximum reported life span to the aging process by employing a Weibull distribution and calculating the shape parameter in this model, which reflects the change in mortality across ages and be used as a surrogate for the aging rate. From simulated data, we demonstrated that the percentile estimator is suitable for calculating the aging rate based on the maximum reported life span. We also calculated the aging rate in 246 bird species based on published information from EURING and tested its relationship with body mass. Our study constitutes a new approach for using maximum reported life span in aging research. The aging rate calculated in the study is based on numerous assumptions/prerequisites and can be improved as more is learned about these assumptions/prerequisites.
Recent advances on interfacial engineering of hematite photoanodes for viable photo‐electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Li Fan , Jian Jie , Xu Youxun , Wang Shiyuan , Wang Hongyue , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurring on photoanode is considered as the key step for photo‐electronchemical (PEC) water splitting. Among many potential photoanode materials, hematite (α‐Fe2O3) shows high promise considering its ideal band position, long‐term chemical stability, and earth abundance. Unfortunately, its sluggish oxygen evolution kinetics at photoanode/electrolyte interfaces and poor bulk charge transport limit the PEC performance. Herein, the most recent developments on interfacial engineering of hematite photoanode are summarized. We first describe the optical and electronic properties of the α‐Fe2O3 that are related to the PEC performance. Subsequently, we introduce the recent endeavors on the morphological engineering of the hematite photoanode. Then, the effective strategies of interfacial engineering are highlighted to address the limitations of α‐Fe2O3 photoanode at the surfaces and/or interfaces, as well as at the grain boundaries within the film. And the most recent progress of α‐Fe2O3 photoanode‐based tandem cells for self‐assisted overall water splitting is also discussed. Finally, an outlook is presented for future efforts on promoting the interfacial charge transport for boosted PEC performance of hematite‐based photo‐electrodes.
A certificateless keyword searchable encryption scheme in multi‐user setting for fog‐enhanced Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Olakanmi Oladayo Olufemi , Odeyemi Kehinde Oluwasesan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIndustrial Internet of Things (IIoT), an appendage of the Internet of Things (IoT), upgrades conventional industries to intelligent and autonomous industries. It integrates different intelligent terminals, sensors, actuators, mobile devices, cloud computing through wireless communication to enhance operational efficiency and safety. However, it relies on the powerful data processing and unlimited storage capabilities of cloud computing by outsourcing its data and on‐demand services to the cloud server. This introduces privacy and confidentiality issues, and a high cost of data access on IIoT, especially for location bound data retrieval. To enforce confidentiality in IIoT, encryption techniques are being adapted to secure the outsourced data, but not without impeding the data searching operation. Several searchable encryption schemes have been proposed for secure and privacy‐preserving data retrieval in IIoT. However, most of these schemes not only completely relied on the cloud server but also susceptible to inside keyword guessing attack (IKGA). Besides, some of them use high computation intensive cryptography operations that make them computationally intensive for resource‐constrained data users and owners. In this article, we develop a lightweight searchable public‐key encryption scheme. The scheme is provably secure against IKGA. It contains a secure key distribution approach for generating and distributing the symmetric encryption key and allows secure ciphertext data search and retrieval in a multi‐user setting without compromising privacy. Finally, we analyze and evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme by comparing the results with some recent state‐of‐the‐art schemes to quantitatively show the capabilities of the scheme.
CD47‐Mediated Hedgehog/SMO/GLI1 Signaling Promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Immunomodulation in Mouse Liver Inflammation
Authors: Sheng Mingwei , Lin Yuanbang , Xu Dongwei , Tian Yizhu , Zhan Yongqiang , Li Changyong , Farmer Douglas G. , Kupiec‐Weglinski Jerzy W. , Ke Bibo 
Published: March 2021

Background and Aims
The cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47)–signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) signaling pathway plays important roles in immune homeostasis and tissue inflammatory response. Activation of the Hedgehog/smoothened (SMO)/GLI family zinc finger 1 (Gli1) pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, and immune function. However, it remains unknown whether and how the CD47–SIRPα interaction may regulate Hedgehog/SMO/Gli1 signaling in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)–mediated immune regulation during sterile inflammatory liver injury.

Approach and Results
In a mouse model of ischemia/reperfusion (IR)–induced sterile inflammatory liver injury, we found that adoptive transfer of MSCs increased CD47 expression and ameliorated liver IR injury. However, deletion of CD47 in MSCs exacerbated IR‐induced liver damage, with increased serum ALT levels, macrophage/neutrophil infiltration, and pro‐inflammatory mediators. MSC treatment augmented SIRPα, Hedgehog/SMO/Gli1, and Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD), whereas CD47‐deficient MSC treatment reduced these gene expressions in IR‐stressed livers. Moreover, disruption of myeloid SMO or Notch1 increased IR‐triggered liver inflammation with diminished Gli1 and NICD, but enhanced NIMA related kinase 7 (NEK7) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) activation in MSC‐transferred mice. Using a MSC/macrophage co‐culture system, we found that MSC CD47 and macrophage SIRPα expression were increased after LPS stimulation. The CD47‐SIRPα interaction increased macrophage Gli1 and NICD nuclear translocation, whereby NICD interacted with Gli1 and regulated its target gene Dvl2 (dishevelled segment polarity protein 2), which in turn inhibited NEK7/NLRP3 activity.

Conclusions
The CD47‐SIRPα signaling activates the Hedgehog/SMO/Gli1 pathway, which controls NEK7/NLRP3 activity through a direct interaction between Gli1 and NICD. NICD is a coactivator of Gli1, and the target gene Dvl2 regulated by the NICD‐Gli1 complex is crucial for the modulation of NLRP3‐driven inflammatory response in MSC‐mediated immune regulation. Our findings provide potential therapeutic targets in MSC‐mediated immunotherapy of sterile inflammatory liver injury.
Prioritizing people and rapid learning in times of crisis: A virtual learning initiative to support health workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Engelbrecht Beth , Gilson Lucy , Barker Pierre , Vallabhjee Krish , Kantor Gareth , Budden Mike , Parbhoo Anita , Lehmann Uta 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Western Cape province was the early epicentre of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in South Africa and on the African continent. In this short article we report on an initiative set up within the provincial Department of Health early in the pandemic to facilitate collective learning and support for health workers and managers across the health system, emphasising the importance of leadership, systems resilience, nonhierarchical learning and connectedness. These strategies included regular and systematic engagement with organised labour, different ways of gauging and responding to staff morale, and daily ‘huddles’ for raid learning and responsive action. We propose three transformational actions that could deliver health systems that protect staff during good times and in times of system shocks. (a) Continuously invest in building the foundations of system resilience in good times, to draw on in an acute crisis situation. (b) Provide consistent leadership for an explicit commitment to supporting health workers through decisive action across the system. (c) Optimise available resources and partners, act on improvement ideas and obstacles. Build trusting relationships amongst and across actors.
Numerical and sensitivity analysis of MHD bioconvective slip flow of nanomaterial with binary chemical reaction and Newtonian heating
Authors: Basir Md Faisal Md , Bilal Muhammad , Choudhary Rakesh , Mackolil Joby , Mahanthesh B. , Nisar Kottakkaran S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe impact of Stefan blowing on the MHD bioconvective slip flow of a nanofluid towards a sheet is explored using numerical and statistical tools. The governing partial differential equations are nondimensionalized and converted to similarity equations using apposite transformations. These transformed equations are solved using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with the shooting technique. Graphical visualizations are used to scrutinize the effect of the controlling parameters on the flow profiles, skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt, and Sherwood number. Moreover, the sensitivities of the reduced Sherwood and Nusselt number to the input variables of interest are explored by adopting the response surface methodology. The outcomes of the limiting cases are emphatically in corroboration with the outcomes from preceding research. It is found that the heat transfer rate has a positive sensitivity towards the haphazard motion of the nanoparticles and a negative sensitivity towards the thermomigration. The thermal field is enhanced by the Stefan blowing aspect. Moreover, the fluid velocity can be controlled by the applied magnetic field.
Integrated pest management effects on weed populations managed without herbicides in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Braithwaite Emily , Stock Tim , Kowalewski Alec 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPesticide usage on public school grounds is a concern in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Our objective was to determine how variations in primary cultural management practices (mowing, fertilization, and irrigation), in the absence of herbicide applications, can affect turfgrass quality, and weed populations. Three experiments were conducted over three years at the OSU Lewis‐Brown Horticulture Farm in Corvallis, OR on a mixed stand of cool‐season turfgrass. Findings from the mowing study show that the 10.0 cm weekly mowing height resulted in significantly fewer weeds than plots maintained at 5.0 cm. Results from the fertility study indicate that fertilization, at 4.9 and 9.8 g N m–2 yr–1, reduced weed populations as compared to non‐fertilized plots. No differences in weed incidence was observed between treatments in the irrigation trial, but plots receiving irrigation weekly (0.6 cm applied four times per week and 80% ETref replacement applied four times per week) maintained acceptable turf quality throughout the trial.
(Theta, triangle)‐free and (even hole, K4)‐free graphs. Part 2: Bounds on treewidth
Authors: Pilipczuk Marcin , Sintiari Ni Luh Dewi , Thomassé Stéphan , Trotignon Nicolas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA theta is a graph made of three internally vertex‐disjoint chordless paths , of length at least 2 and such that no edges exist between the paths except the three edges incident to and the three edges incident to . A pyramid is a graph made of three chordless paths , of length at least 1, two of which have length at least 2, vertex‐disjoint except at , and such that is a triangle and no edges exist between the paths except those of the triangles and the three edges incident to . An even hole is a chordless cycle of even length. For three nonnegative integers , let be the tree with a vertex , from which start three paths with , and edges, respectively. We denote by the complete graph on vertices. We prove that for all nonnegative integers , the class of graphs that contain no theta, no , and no as induced subgraphs have bounded treewidth. We prove that for all nonnegative integers , the class of graphs that contain no even hole, no pyramid, no , and no as induced subgraphs have bounded treewidth. To bound the treewidth, we prove that every graph of large treewidth must contain a large clique or a minimal separator of large cardinality.