bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Określanie składu chemicznego i mineralnego skał z wykorzystaniem przenośnego spektrometru XRF pracującego w atmosferze helu
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Skupio Rafał 
Published: April 2021

W pracy przedstawiono możliwości prowadzenia pomiarów chemicznych z zastosowaniem przenośnego spektrometru fluorescencji rentgenowskiej z dyspersją energii EDXRF w atmosferze helu. Metodyka badawcza wraz z tworzeniem modeli i interpretacją danych powstała w oparciu o zastosowanie aparatu XRF firmy Bruker, model Tracer 5g. Prowadzenie pomiarów w atmosferze helu umożliwia obniżenie progów detekcji dla pierwiastków lekkich, w tym określanie udziałów sodu (Na) i magnezu (Mg) oraz pierwiastków wchodzących w zakres spektrometrycznego profilowania gamma: potasu (K), uranu (U) i toru (Th). Jednym z elementów nowej procedury pomiarowej jest przygotowanie preparatów w formie pastylek, przy użyciu prasy hydraulicznej o sile nacisku do 25 ton. Pomiary w atmosferze helu mogą być wykonywane jedynie na materiale skonsolidowanym (lita skała, rdzeń wiertniczy lub twarda pastylka). Materiał do badań został pobrany z rdzeni wiertniczych, następnie skwartowany i rozdzielony na poszczególne analizy. Wyniki analiz XRF uzyskane metodą, w której zastosowano przepływ helu, porównano z wynikami pomiarów wykonanych standardową aparaturą XRF, chemicznych badań laboratoryjnych, analiz składu mineralnego XRD oraz badań naturalnej promieniotwórczości gamma. Analizy XRF bez możliwości prowadzenia pomiarów w atmosferze helu wykonane zostały aparatem Titan S1 (firmy Bruker). Badania przeprowadzono na próbkach skał pochodzących z dwóch otworów wiertniczych – P4 (19 próbek) i J1 (11 próbek). W przypadku P4 dysponowano dokładnymi pomiarami laboratoryjnymi ICP-MS (ang. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry), ICP-OES (ang. inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) oraz wynikami XRD, natomiast w J1 – wynikami badań radiometrycznych i mineralnych. W próbkach z otworu J1 występowały skalenie oraz dolomit, co umożliwiło przetestowanie budowy modeli uwzględniających te minerały w odniesieniu do wyznaczenia udziałów sodu i magnezu. W końcowej części pracy przedstawiono wykresy korelacyjne dla wybranych, najważniejszych pierwiastków budujących matrycę skalną, modele mineralno–chemiczne zbudowane na ich podstawie oraz wykresy korelacyjne dla spektrometrycznych pomiarów gamma.
O uso de diferentes estratégias em aulas de química para o ensino superior
Authors: Marques Marieli 
Published: April 2021

Este relato descreve a experiência que foi desenvolvida na disciplina de Métodos Instrumentais de Análises Químicas do 4° semestre do curso Superior de Tecnologia em Alimentos de uma instituição pública no interior do RS. Utilizou-se diferentes atividades, planejadas de maneira sequencial, e com uso de diferentes estratégias e recursos didáticos: aulas expositivas- dialogadas; abordagem temática; pesquisa; planejamento e realização de atividades experimentais; escrita de artigo e apresentação oral. A partir dos assuntos abordados nas aulas expositivas e a percepção acerca das implicações sociais da Química e das tecnologias em suas vidas, os estudantes sugeriram o tema água para consumo humano e os métodos de oficiais de análise para a realização de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Após isso, os estudantes fizeram a coleta e as análises físico-químicas das amostras de água. E na sequência, apresentaram os resultados no formato de um artigo, seguido de uma apresentação oral. Observou-se que a experiência motivou e despertou o interesse pelos assuntos estudados na disciplina e contribuiu para aprendizagem e apropriação do conhecimento. Cabe salientar ainda que, diferentemente de semestres anteriores, não houve nenhuma reprovação por infrequência ou nota. As avaliações individuais, a desenvoltura na realização das atividades laboratoriais, o domínio e conhecimento demonstrado durante a apresentação e discussão dos resultados ratificam essa constatação.
Estado do conhecimento da educação superior no Brasil
Authors: Lesnieski Marlon Sandro , Trevisol Márcio Giusti 
Published: April 2021

O tema Educação Superior é bastante recorrente nos debates e pesquisas científicas no campo educacional. Por ser um tema ligado diretamente há uma área central da formação humana, as pesquisas em educação superior acabam tensionando diversos eixos interpretativos e suscitando questões coevas às problemáticas atuais. O artigo tem por escopo apresentar, a partir do Estado do Conhecimento, os temas e questões sobre a educação superior. O problema investigativo se caracteriza pelas perguntas: o que os pesquisadores da área da educação superior estão publicando? Quais os temas? Quais os conceitos? Quais as questões levantadas? As perguntas anunciam a complexidade da área e apontam as tensões decorrentes das disputas pela hegemonia de um projeto de educação superior. Os acervos científicos selecionados foram: ANPEd, Portal de Periódico CAPES e a base SCIELO, no recorte temporal de 2017-2020. Esta investigação foi bibliográfica e teve como base de análise a metodologia histórico-crítica. Os dados categorizados permitem aferir que existe uma produção cientifica em Educação Superior densa e variada. A análise nos ajudou a compreender a preocupação dos autores em debater questões atuais sobre a educação superior brasileira, e que mesmo com uma produção temática sólida, ainda persistem certos valores hegemônicos que representam uma unidade ética nas investigações em diversas frentes de atuação. Além disso, ficou evidente o crescente movimento de mercantilização da educação superior neste período de 2017 a 2020 no Brasil, fruto das Políticas Internacionais de Educação que vem sendo impostas desde a construção e integração do Espaço Europeu de Educação na Europa.
Toward application of biocontrol to inhibit wine spoilage yeasts: The use of statistical designs for screening and optimisation
Authors: Kuchen Benjamin , Vazquez Fabio , Maturano Yolanda Paola , Scaglia Gustavo J. E. , Pera Licia María , Vallejo Martha Dina 
Published: April 2021

Spoilage yeasts generate considerable economic losses in the wine industry, and although sulphur dioxide (SO2) is traditionally used for control, its use has become controversial because of its negative effects on health. Biocontrol has emerged as a partial alternative to SO2, and most research has focused on the selection of biocontrol yeasts and/or the mechanisms involved, while little research has been directed to the environmental conditions that make biocontrol effective for application. When there are two or more interacting yeasts, the physicochemical factors that affect their antagonism are many and therefore the application of biocontrol is complex. To reduce SO2, the present study aimed to elucidate biocontrol mechanisms of two yeast interactions and to establish optimal physicochemical conditions for biocontrol of the spoilage yeast during grape must fermentation. Through the use of statistical design, it was possible to find relevant physicochemical factors and optimise them. Wickerhamomyces anomalus “BWa156” developed an active supernatant against ZygoSaccharomyces rouxii “BZr6” while supernatant from Metschnikowia pulcherrima “BMp29” was ineffective. In mixed must fermentations, the first interaction (BWa156 vs. BZr6) showed fewer physicochemical factors impacting biocontrol compared to the second interaction (BMp29 vs. BZr6). However, the fewer factors of the first interaction had a stronger effect on the decline in the spoilage population. Validations showed that the optimal conditions for biocontrol with the first interaction could be predicted. Analysis of the results with BWa156 vs. BZr6 and BMp29 vs. BZr6 suggests that the first interaction is a competition that includes a killer toxin, while the second interaction involves competition for iron resources. Response surface methodology (RSM) allowed a reduction in the number of experiments and permitted to find the optimal biocontrol conditions (SO2: 0 mg mL-1; pH: 3.7; Reducing sugars: 23 °Brix) for the interaction between BWa156 and BZr6.
ISLAMIC, GREEN, AND CONVENTIONAL CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET EFFICIENCY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Mnif Emna , Jarboui Anis 
Published: April 2021

Unlike conventional cryptocurrencies, Islamic ones are new technologies backed by tangible assets and are characterised by their fundamental values. After the COVID-19 outbreak, cryptocurrency responses have shown different behaviour to stock market reactions. However, there is a lack of studies on the efficiency of Islamic and green cryptocurrencies during the pandemic. This paper attempts to analyse the behaviour of three typical families of cryptocurrencies (conventional, Islamic, and green) extracted according to their availability in daily frequencies during COVID-19. For this purpose, their efficiency levels are studied before and after the outbreak by employing multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) to make the best predictions and strategies. The inefficiency of the cryptocurrencies is assessed through a magnitude of long-memory (MLM) efficiency index, and the impact of COVID-19 on their efficiency is evaluated. The primary results show that HelloGold was the most efficient market before the COVID-19 outbreak and that subsequently Ethereum has been the mostefficient. In addition, the findings reveal that the cryptocurrency reactions are not similar and show more resilience in the Ethereum and Litecoin markets than in other cryptocurrency markets. The main contribution of this study is the evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on the various classes of crypto money. This work has practical implications, as it provides new insights into trading opportunities and market reactions. Moreover, he work has theoretical implications based on its evaluation of three distinct models from different doctrine viewpoints.
Impact of COVID-19 and Associated Preventive Measures on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in South Korea
Authors: Sohn Minji , Koo Bo Kyung , Yoon Ho Il , Song Kyoung-Ho , Kim Eu Suk , Kim Hong Bin , Lim Soo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have been required to follow preventive measures such as government policy including the closure of exercise facilities and movement restriction, can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle. We investigated the effect of these preventive measures on metabolic parameters in individuals with cardiometabolic disorders.Methods: In the current retrospective observational study of patients who visited the hospital at least twice a year for the past 4 years, changes in cardiometabolic factors from the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2020) were compared with changes in the same cohort at the same annual time points during the previous seasons of 2016–2019.Results: A total of 1,485 individuals with a mean age of 61.8 ± 11.7 years were included in the analysis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients whose metabolic syndrome worsened increased significantly by 21% compared with the 2018–2019 season. The body mass index increased by 0.09 ± 1.16 kg/m2 in the 2019–2020 pandemic period, whereas it decreased by –0.39 ± 3.03 kg/m2 in 2018–2019 and by –0.34 ± 2.18 kg/m2 in 2017–2018 (both p < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure increased by 2.6 ± 18.2 mmHg in the COVID-19 pandemic period, while it decreased in the three antecedent seasons (all p < 0.05). The lipid profiles worsened in the pandemic period compared with the previous years. The Framingham coronary heart disease risk score also increased significantly.Conclusions: With preventive procedures during the contagious disease pandemic, nationwide strategies to maintain cardiometabolic health are necessary.
Access Limitation to Health Services in Palestine and Its Consequences on Palestinian Mental Health and Wellbeing: Literature Review
Authors: Marie Mohammad , Battat Maher 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:
Accessing health care services system is a fundamental right for all people worldwide. The WHO has defined the obstruction of the availability, access, and delivery of therapeutic and/or preventive health services as a form of health attack. The Palestinian Authority faces significant challenges to ensure the sustainability of the delivery of its health services systems. The blockade of the Gaza Strip and the presence of Israeli settlements in oPt (occupied Palestinian territories) and the Separation Wall around Jerusalem all these obstacles affect the patient’s right to access health care services. Palestinian Patients need permit applications from Israeli authorities that require usually 7–10 days depending on the case condition and the appointment from the target hospital in which the permit may be approved or denied or delayed. It has become a complex process due to the need to cross barriers or border crossings and restrictions on the movement of Palestinian patients and ambulances imposed by the Israeli government. Therefore, barriers policy to accessing health care services are a serious and permanent condition that can lead to a very stressful atmosphere and result in developing mental problems. This paper aims to provide an overview of the literature and established studies on mental health consequences related to access limitations policy to health care services system in Palestine.
Methods
PubMed and Google Scholar were used to search for materials for the literature review study. The Data in this literature review was collected by searching in electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the searching process are Mental Health AND consequences AND limited access OR Access Limitations AND health care services OR health care AND barrier AND Gaza strip OR West Bank AND Palestine. Full-text articles critically appraised were included while the duplicated papers were extracted. The papers in this review follow the IMRAD style (Introduction, method, results, and discussion section).
Results
More than 25 related materials founded including review studies, 3 WHO reports, and 2 Palestinian government statistical reports.
Conclusion
Evidences from this review show that there is a necessity to maintain justice and equality among the Palestinian population and their right to freedom. Limited access to health-care services for Palestinian patients living in Gaza Strip, West Bank ,and East Jerusalem affect negatively the patient’s quality of life and mental health mainly due to the Israeli Separation Wall besides road closures.
Genetic Analysis of colorectal carcinoma using high throughput SNP genotyping technique within the population of Jammu and Kashmir.
Authors: Sharma Bhanu , Angurana Shabab , Bhat Amrita , Verma Sonali , Bakshi Divya , Bhat Ghulam Rasool , Jamwal Rajeshwer Singh , Amin Asif , Qadri Raies Ahmed , Shah Ruchi , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background SNP genotyping has become increasingly more common place to understand the genetic basis of complex diseases like cancer. SNP-genotyping through massARRAY is a cost-effective method to quantitatively analyse the variation of gene expression in multiple samples, making it a potential tool to identify the underlying causes of colorectal carcinogenesis.Methods In the present study, SNP genotyping was carried out using Agena mass ARRAY, which is a cost-effective, robust, and sensitive method to analyse multiple SNPs simultaneously. We analysed 7 genes in 492 samples (100 cases and 392 controls) associated with CRC within the population of Jammu and Kashmir. These SNPs were selected based on their association with multiple cancers in literature.Results This is the first study to explore these SNPs with colorectal cancer within the J&K population.7 SNPs with a call rate of 90% were selected for the study. Out of these, one SNP i.e. rs2229080 of DCC was found to be significantly associated with the current study and 6 were non-significantly associated with CRC within the studied population. The allelic OR observed for the variant rs2229080 of DCC was 1.5 (1.1–2.3 at 95% CI), p value = 0.02.Conclusion This is the first study to find the relation of Genetic variants with the colorectal cancer within the studied population using high throughput mass ARRAY technology. It is further anticipated that the variants should be evaluated in other population groups that may aid in understanding the genetic complexity and bridge the missing heritability.
Psychological Effects on Healthcare Workers in Syria During COVID-19
Authors: Alhaffar MHD Bahaa Aldin , Alhaffar MHD Alaa Aldin , Kouchaji Chaza , Alsuliman Tamim 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of infected cases. Thus, the number of hospital admissions has peaked during a short period, which in return has created a huge burden on healthcare workers. The effect of this pandemic on HCWs can be more severe in war-torn countries. This research aims to explore the psychological effects of the current pandemic on healthcare providers in Syria and compare it with the situation of Syrian HCP outside Syria.Methods:660 has participated in this cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire during two phases (two months apart). The first sample included 76 participants which were used for comparison only, and the second sample consisted of 584 participants (118 outside Syria, 466 inside Syria). The study included demographic, social, and workplace-related questions, as well as three scoring systems including The Pittsburgh, Sleep quality index (PSQI), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD 7).Results: 72.4% of the first sample had poor sleep quality compared to 80% for the second sample, while over 40% of the first sample had scored well on the Kessler scale and 17% scored severe stress disorder, the second sample scored 29.8% and 27.9% on the same index retrospectively. Over 70% of the two samples scored mild on the generalized stress disorder index.Both inside and outside Syria samples had very similar results on the three indices, and no significant difference was noticed between the sample inside Syria and the sample outside Syria for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (P=0.900), and for the Generalized Anxiety Disorder score (P=0.798), and no significant difference was noticed between the two samples for the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (P=0.231).Conclusion: The current pandemic has imposed new concerns related to the preparedness of health systems worldwide but especially in countries with limited resources. Additionally, addressing mental health issues has become vital to ensure that healthcare systems are more effective.Regions of low income and those suffering from armed conflict may benefit from the conclusions of this study to ameliorate the medical practice conditions in the setting of such pandemics as COVID-19.
Equol effects on AGE skin products, visceral fat and climacteric symptoms in post-menopausal women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yoshikata Remi , Myint Khin Zay Yar , Ohta Hiroaki , Ishigaki Yoko 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Equol, an isoflavone derivative whose chemical structure is similar to estrogen, is considered as a potentially effective agent for relieving climacteric symptoms, for the prevention of the lifestyle-related diseases, and for aging care in post-menopausal women. We investigated the effect of an equol-containing supplement on metabolism and aging, and climacteric symptoms, with respect to internally-produced equol in post-menopausal women.Methods: A single center, randomized controlled trial (registration number: UMIN000030975) on 57 post-menopausal Japanese women (mean age: 56±5.37 years), was conducted. Twenty-seven women received the equol supplement, while the remaining received Control. Metabolic and aging-related biomarkers were compared before and after the 3-month intervention. Climacteric symptoms were assessed every month using a validated self-administered questionnaire in Japanese post-menopausal women. Results: Three months post intervention, the treatment group showed significant improvement in climacteric symptoms, when compared to the Control group (81% vs. 53% respectively, p=0.045). We did not observe any beneficial effect on metabolic and aging-related biomarkers in the intervention group. However, in certain populations significant improvement in skin auto-fluorescence, which is a measurement of AGE skin products, and visceral fat area was observed, especially among equol producers. Conclusion: Women receiving equol supplement showed improved climacteric symptoms. This study offered a new hypothesis that there may be a synergy between supplemented equol and endogenously-produced equol to improve skin aging and visceral fat in certain populations.
A Model to Assess the Risk of Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter-related Thrombosis in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Peng Si-yi , WEI Tao , LI Xu-ying , YUAN Zhong , LIN Qin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Limited risk assessment tool to stratify the risk of PICC-related thrombosis (PICC-RVT) in breast cancer patients. This study developed a model to assess the risk of PICC-RVT in breast cancer patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1284 breast cancer patients receiving PICC insertion during 1 January 2015 - 31 August 2019 at a cancer specialized hospital in Hunan province, China. The entire population is divided into two groups at a ratio of 3:1 which included a derivation sample (n=978), and a validation sample (n=284). PICC-RVT was confirmed by ultrasonography in the presence of clinical symptoms and signs. Results: PICC-RVT occurred in 40 (4.09%) of the derivation sample patients. Multivariable analysis identified 9 variables: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prior central venous catheter placement, higher level of Platelets, higher level of D-dimer, lower level of Activated partial thromboplastin time, menopause, no prior breast surgery, upper extremity lymphedema, and endocrine therapy. Points were assigned to each variable according to regression coefficient. The model had an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.850 (95% CI 0.776 to 0.924), The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit was 4.781 (p=0.572). At a cutoff value of 3.5, the sensitivity and specifcity were 75% and 83%, respectively.Conclusion: Several disease-specific factors of breast cancer (e.g., menopause, endocrine therapy and upper extremity lymphedema) play important roles in the development of PICC-RVT. Patients at higher PICC-RVT risk could be candidates for close post-insertion monitoring and interventions to prevent PICC-RVT.