bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of effect on in-hospital mortality of drugs used during COVID-19 pandemic: Findings of the retrospective multicenter COVOCA study
Authors: Pafundi Pia Clara , Galiero Raffaele , Simeon Vittorio , Rinaldi Luca , Perrella Alessandro , Vetrano Erica , Caturano Alfredo , Alfano Maria , Beccia Domenico , Nevola Riccardo , Marfella Raffaele , Sardu Celestino , Coppola Carmine , Scarano Ferdinando , Maggi Paolo , De Lucia Sposito Pellegrino , Vocciante Laura , Rescigno Carolina , Sbreglia Costanza , Fraganza Fiorentino , Parrella Roberto , Romano Annamaria , Calabria Giosuele , Polverino Benedetto , Pagano Antonio , Bologna Carolina , Amitrano Maria , Esposito Vincenzo , Coppola Nicola , Maturo Nicola , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , Chiodini Paolo , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo ,   on behalf of COVOCA Study Group
Published: September 2021

Introduction
During COVID-19 pandemic, the use of several drugs has represented the worldwide clinical practice. However, though the current increase of knowledge about the disease, there is still no effective treatment for the usage of drugs. Thus, we retrospectively assessed use and effects of therapeutic regimens in hospitalized patients on in-hospital mortality.

Methods
COVOCA is a retrospective observational cohort study on 18 COVID centres throughout Campania Region Hospitals. We included adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, discharged/dead between March/June 2020.

Results
618 patients were included, with an overall in-hospital cumulative mortality incidence of 23.1%. Most prescribed early treatments were antivirals (72%), antibiotics (65%) and hydroxychloroquine/anticoagulants (≈50%). Tocilizumab, indeed, was largely prescribed late during hospitalization. Multivariable models, with a cut-off at day 2 for early COVID-19 therapy administration, did not disclose any significant association of a single drug administration on the clinical outcome.

Discussion
COVOCA represents the first multicenter database in Campania region. None drug class used during the pandemic significantly modified the outcome, regardless of therapy beginning, both overall and net of those already in non-invasive ventilation (NIV)/ orotracheal intubation (OTI) at hospitalization. Our cumulative incidence of mortality seems lower than other described during the same period, particularly in Northern Italy.
Using a stair horizontal-vertical illusion to increase foot clearance over an inconsistently taller stair-riser
Authors: Skervin Timmion K. , Thomas Neil M. , Schofield Andrew J. , Hollands Mark A. , Maganaris Constantinos N. , O’Brien Thomas D. , Baltzopoulos Vasilios , Foster Richard J. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
Stair falls can be caused by inconsistent stair dimensions. During ascent, inconsistently taller stair risers lead to reduced foot clearances as the inconsistency goes unnoticed. A stair horizontal-vertical illusion increases perceived riser heights and foot clearance and could offset reduced foot clearances over inconsistently taller risers, though this might impact other stair safety measures.

Method
Twelve participants (age: 22 (3) years) ascended a seven-step staircase under three conditions: i) all steps consistent in riser height (consistent), ii) a 1cm increase in step 5 riser height (inconsistent) and iii) a 1cm increase in step 5 riser height, superimposed with a stair horizontal-vertical illusion (illusion). Vertical foot clearance, foot overhang, and margins of stability were assessed over step 4, 5 and 6. Perceived riser height due to the illusion was determined through a computer perception test. A One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA compared biomechanical variables between conditions. A One Sample t test compared perceived riser height to the true height.

Results
Over the inconsistent step 5, foot clearance reduced by 0.8cm compared to consistent. Illusion increased foot clearance by 1.1cm and decreased foot overhang by 4% compared to inconsistent. On step 4 the illusion led to more anterior instability compared to inconsistent. Illusion and inconsistent led to more mediolateral stability compared to consistent. The illusion increased perceived riser height by 12%.

Discussion
Foot clearance reductions over inconsistently taller risers can be offset by a stair horizontal-vertical illusion. Additional benefits included a safer foot overhang and unaffected stability over the inconsistent riser. Changes to step 4 stability might have resulted from leaning forward to look at the step 5 illusion. The stair horizontal-vertical illusion could be a practical solution for inconsistently taller stair risers, where a rebuild is usually the only solution.
Problematic internet use profiles and psychosocial risk among adolescents
Authors: Pontes Halley M. , Macur Mirna 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveAlthough Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is an emerging area of study in psychology, little is known about the unique features of specific subgroups of internet users and their psychosocial vulnerabilities within robust and nationwide populations.MethodsThe aim of this study was to identify distinct latent groups of internet users based on their PIU risk and to compare their psychosocial outcomes. To achieve this, a nationally representative sample of adolescents of the same grade (N= 1,066, Meanage= 13.46 years, range = 12–16) was recruited from several schools in Slovenia through stratified random sampling.ResultsA Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) revealed a two-class solution, with Class 1 (n= 853, 80%) featuring ‘low PIU risk’ participants and Class 2 (n= 213, 20%) including ‘high PIU risk’ participants. Behaviorally, the main feature of Class 1 denoted ‘time management difficulties’ while Class 2 was best characterized by ‘mood and time management issues’. Further frequentist and Bayesian analyses indicated that Class 2 presented greater psychosocial risk compared to Class 1 due to significantly higher levels of PIU (generalized and across specific PIU subfactors) coupled with lower levels of subjective well-being and self-control.ConclusionsContrary to what was initially envisaged, the two classes did not differ in terms of perceived quality in parent-child relationship. This study shows that PIU patterns and symptom-severity may be developmentally specific, further highlighting the need for clinically age-adjusted PIU screening practices within epidemiological and healthcare settings.
A national survey of antibacterial consumption in Sri Lanka
Authors: Sri Ranganathan Shalini , Wanigatunge Chandanie , Senadheera G. P. S. G. , Beneragama B. V. S. H. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
Optimizing the use of antibacterial medicines is an accepted strategy to combat the antibacterial resistance. Availability of reliable antibacterial consumption (ABC) data is a prerequisite to implement this strategy.

Objectives
To quantify and describe the national ABC in Sri Lanka and to examine any differences in the consumption between public and private sector.

Methods
The methodology for this survey was adapted from World Health Organization (WHO) methodology for a global programme on surveillance of antimicrobial consumption. Aggregate data on national consumption of systemic antibacterials (J01- Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification (ATC) for 2017 were retrospectively extracted from all available data sources and classified using ATC classification. Quantity of consumption was converted to Defined Daily Doses (DDDs). Data are presented as total consumption and comparison between the public and private sector. Selected key quality indicators of ABC were compared between these two sectors.

Findings
From the available data sources, the total ABC in 2017 was 343.46 million DDDs. Private sector consumption accounted for 246.76 million DDDs compared to 97.96 million DDDs distributed to entire public sector by the Ministry of Health. Beta-lactam-penicillins antibacterial group accounted for 58.79% in public sector compared to 27.48% in private sector while macrolides, quinolones and other beta-lactam antibacterials accounted for 60.51% in the private compared to 28.41% in public sector. Consumption of Reserve group antibacterials was negligible, and limited to private sector. Watch category antibacterials accounted for 46%, 24% and 54% of the total, public and private sector consumption, respectively.

Conclusions
A disproportionately higher use of broad spectrum and Watch category antibacterials was observed in the private sector which needs further study. This national consumption survey highlights the need and provides the opening for establishment of ABC surveillance in Sri Lanka.
Poly-freeness of Artin groups and the Farrell–Jones Conjecture
Authors: Wu Xiaolei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We provide two simple proofs of the fact that even Artin groups of FC-type are poly-free which was recently established by R. Blasco-Garcia, C. Martínez-Pérez and L. Paris.
More generally, let Γ be a finite simplicial graph with all edges labelled by positive even integers, and let

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

be its associated Artin group; our new proof implies that if

A
T

A_{T}

is poly-free (resp. normally poly-free) for every clique 𝑇 in Γ, then

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

is poly-free (resp. normally poly-free).
We prove similar results regarding the Farrell–Jones Conjecture for even Artin groups.
In particular, we show that if

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

is an even Artin group such that each clique in Γ either has at most three vertices, has all of its labels at least 6, or is the join of these two types of cliques (the edges connecting the cliques are all labelled by 2), then

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

satisfies the Farrell–Jones Conjecture.
In addition, our methods enable us to obtain results for general Artin groups.
The utility of continuous glucose monitoring systems in the management of children with persistent hypoglycaemia
Authors: Vijayanand Sathyakala , Stevenson Paul G. , Grant Maree , Choong Catherine S. , Davis Elizabeth A. , Abraham Mary B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Glucose monitoring is vital in children with persistent hypoglycaemia to reduce the risk of adverse neuro-behavioural outcomes; especially in children with hyperinsulinism. The role of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in monitoring glucose levels in this cohort is limited. The objective of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of CGM and to evaluate parents’ experience of using CGM for monitoring glucose levels in children with hypoglycaemia.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of sensor glucose (SG) values from Dexcom G4 CGM with paired finger-prick blood glucose (BG) values was performed to determine the accuracy of CGM. The parent experience of CGM was assessed using a questionnaire administered to families of children with congenital hyperinsulinism currently attending the clinic.

Results
SG data from 40 children (median age 6 months) with persistent hypoglycaemia (60% Hyperinsulinism) were analysed. The mean difference between 5,650 paired BG and SG values was 0.28 mmol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of CGM to identify severe hypoglycaemia (BG < 3.0 mmol/L) were 54.3% (95% CI: 39.0%, 69.1%) and 97.4% (95% CI: 96.9%, 97.8%) respectively. Parents (n=11) reported less anxiety (n=9), better sleep at night (n=7) and preferred to use CGM for monitoring (n=9).

Conclusions
Although the high number of false-positive readings precludes the routine use of CGM in the evaluation of hypoglycaemia, it avoids unnecessary BG testing during normoglycaemia. It is an acceptable tool for parents for monitoring their children who are at risk of hypoglycaemia. Newer CGM systems with improved accuracy at lower glucose levels have the potential to further improve monitoring.
Diversity by Design: Improving Access to Justice in Online Courts with Adaptive Court Interfaces
Authors: Sela Ayelet 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent years have seen the emergence of online courts and tribunals: digital platforms that enable self-represented litigants (SRLs) to complete electronically the entire court (or tribunal) process, from filing through final disposition. This article proposes that the unique nature of online courts as digital interfaces enables them to implement a new strategy—diversity by design—to improve access to justice and procedural justice for a diverse population of SRLs. Reflecting a human-centered legal design approach, and building on research in human-computer interaction and digital choice architecture, this strategy entails embedding diversity accommodating features in the technological design of court platforms. Specifically, building on the empirical relationship between users’ demographic attributes and their digital usability and aesthetics judgments, this article suggests that online courts can dynamically adapt their interfaces according to the attributes of a given user in ways that help diverse SRLs engage with online courts, support their effective participation in proceedings, and improve their procedural experiences. The potential impacts include enhancing SRLs’ confidence and trust in using online courts and ameliorating their ability to process information, deliberate, make informed decisions and communicate them. Finally, the article discusses concerns regarding the desirability and ethicality of dynamically adapting, that is—personalizing, court interfaces.
Tailoring of plasmonic functionalized metastructures to enhance local heating release
Authors: Ferraro Antonio , Lio Giuseppe Emanuele , Hmina Abdelhamid , Palermo Giovanna , Djouda Joseph Marae , Maurer Thomas , Caputo Roberto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Plasmonic nanoheaters are reported that produce a significant local heating when excited by a 532 nm wavelength focused laser beam. A significant temperature increase derives from the strong confinement of electric field enabled by the specific arrangement of Au nanodisks constituting the nanoheater. The thermal response is much more sensitive when layering the gold nanoheaters by a thick layer of doped polymer, reaching a temperature variation of more than 250 °C. The modulation of the excitation by a chopper enables the fine control of the thermal response with a measured maximum temperature variation of about 60 °C in a single period. These intriguing features can be efficiently exploited for the design of novel systems finding application in nano medicine and nano chemistry.
Evaluation of optimal urine screening and confirmation cut-off values for opiates, at a national reference laboratory
Authors: Karakükcü Çiğdem , Çıracı Mehmet Zahid , Kocer Derya , Faydalı Mine Yüce , Serdar Muhittin Abdulkadir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To obtain optimal immunoassay screening and LC-MS/MS confirmation cut-offs for opiate group tests to reduce false positive (FP) and false negative (FN) rates.

Methods
A total of 126 urine samples, −50 opiate screening negative, 76 positive according to the threshold of 300 ng/mL by CEDIA method – were confirmed by a full-validated in-house LC-MS/MS method. Sensitivity, specificity, FP, and FN rates were determined at cut-off concentrations of both 300 and 2,000 ng/mL for morphine and codeine, and 10 ng/mL for heroin metabolite 6-mono-acetyl-morphine (6-MAM).

Results
All CEDIA opiate negative urine samples were negative for morphine, codeine and 6-MAM. Although sensitivity was 100% for each cut-off; specificity was 54.9% at CEDIA cut-off 300 ng/mL vs. LC-MS/MS cut-off 300 ng/mL and, 75% at CEDIA cut-off 2,000 ng/mL vs. LC-MS/MS cut-off 2,000 ng/mL. False positive rate was highest (45.1%) at CEDIA cut-off 300 ng/mL. At CEDIA cut-off 2,000 ng/mL vs. LC-MS/MS cut-off 300 ng/mL, specificity increased to 82.4% and FP rate decreased to 17.6%. All 6-MAM positive samples had CEDIA concentration ≥2,000 ng/mL.

Conclusions
2,000 ng/mL for screening and 300 ng/mL for confirmation cut-offs are the most efficient thresholds for the lowest rate of FP opiate results.
Removal of foreign bodies from the proventriculus in a young golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
Authors: Kottferová Lucia , Molnár Ladislav , Major Peter , Toporčák Juraj , Mesárčová Lýdia , Kottferová Jana , Szarková Andrea 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a clinical case report of a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) with foreign bodies (stones) in its proventriculus. The case deals with the identification, management and removal of foreign objects identified in the gastrointestinal tract. A surgical removal by proventriculotomy under general anaesthesia was attempted. The surgery and the recovery were uneventful, and the follow-up after six months revealed no complications. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other reports of successful foreign body removal by proventriculotomy in the golden eagle.
A felvételi követelmény megváltozásának hatása a felsőoktatás területi rekrutációjára
Authors: Polónyi István 
Published: September 2021

A 2020-as felsőoktatási felvételi jelentős visszaesés hozott mind a jelentkezők, mind a felvettek számában. A tanulmány azzal foglalkozik, hogy a létszámcsökkenés milyen hatással van a felsőoktatás területi rekrutációjára.
Az írás először bemutatja a felsőoktatási felvételi követelményekben bekövetkezett változást rámutatva, hogy az emeltszintű érettségi általánossá tétele okozta a jelentkezők, s ennek nyomán a felvettek számának csökkenését. Ezt követően a munka a felsőoktatás területi rekrutációjának három metszetét elemzi. Először a bejutási esélyek változásának kistérségi hatását vizsgálja meg, a jelentkezők és a felvettek kistérségi megoszlásának változásait bemutatva. Ezután a leghátrányosabb helyzetű kistérségek fiataljainak bekerülésének változását elemzi összehasonlítva azt a legjobb helyzetű kistérségekkel. Végül a felvételi követelmény szigorítás nyomán bekövetkezett létszámcsökkenés hatását mutatja be a felsőoktatási szféra főváros-vidék szerinti rekrutációjára.
A tanulmány befejezésül rámutat, hogy a felvételi rendszer szigorítása kedvezőtlenül hatott a hátrányos helyzetű kistérségekből a felsőoktatásba törekvő fiatalok bejutási lehetőségeire, valamint átstrukturálja az intézményrendszert is, amelynek nyomán a fővárosi intézmények dominanciája tovább növekszik.
Glutaric aciduria type 1 in children. Clinical presentation of 46 cases in Russian families
Authors: Mikhailova S. V. , Saifullina E. V. , Baranova P. V. , Vorontsova V. P. , Gribov D.  I. , Zhivihina M.   V. , Slatetskaya A. N. , Magzhanov R.  V. , Samokhvalov V. A. , Virtseva M.  N. , Borscheva L.     P. , Koh E.  E. , Novikova M.   V. , Abrukova A. V. , Belyashova E.     Yu. , Gerasimenko N.    Yu. , Guseva L.     V. , Yukhimenko Zh.     V. , Nikitina N.     V. , Belyaeva T.  I. , Shkurko T.   A. , Pichkur N.   A. , Kakaulina V.     S. , Pechatnikova N.   L. , Polyakova N .  A. , Korostelev S.    A. , Pyankov D.    V. , Kanivets I.   V. , Demina N.   A. , Pyrkova E.     Yu. , Baidakova G.     V. , Kurkina M.    V. , Zakharova E.   Yu. 
Published: September 2021

Background. Glutaric aciduria type 1 is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the GCDH gene, which encodes the enzyme glutaryl‑CoA dehydrogenase. Metabolic crisis in type 1 glutaric aciduria is an acute life‑threatening condition that requires careful diagnosis with a number of other conditions and the immediate initiation of pathogenetic therapy.Materials and methods. Clinical manifestations, neuroimaging characteristics of the disease were studied in 46 patients with diagnosed glutaric aciduria type 1 confirmed by biochemical and molecular genetic methods. Methods: gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, Sanger sequencing, chromosomal microarray analysis of the exon level.Results and discussion. A retrospective analysis of anamnestic and clinical data was carried out, and the nature and age of disease manifestation, provoking factors, a spectrum of clinical manifestations and neuroimaging data were assessed.Conclusion. How initiated treatment prevents progression of neurological symptom relief and patient adaptation. With the help of the goal, it is necessary to inform pediatricians, neurologists and neuroradiologists about this feature of the course of glutaric aciduria type 1 in order to increase the clinical alertness of this disease.
Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing di Kelas XI IPA
Authors: Falentina Ana Rizka , Saptasari Murni , Indriwati Sri Endah 
Published: September 2021

<pre><strong>Abstract:</strong> Education aims to prepare students to become independent generations who are able to face the challenges of the times by having 21st century life skills, one of which is critical thinking, in fact contrary to the low critical thinking skills that occur in SMAN 2 Probolinggo. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of guided inquiry learning in improving critical thinking skills. This type of research is Class Action Research (CAR). Data is analyzed by triangulation through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Research Results guided inquiry learning model can change the way students learn to practice high-level thinking through learning syntax so that it gives the impact of increasing critical thinking skills by 18.75% students of class XI IPA 1 Probolinggo 2 High School.</pre><strong>Abstrak:</strong><em> </em>Pendidikan bertujuan menyiapkan siswa menjadi generasi mandiri yang mampu menghadapi tantangan zaman dengan memiliki keterampilan hidup abad 21 salah satunya berpikir kritis, faktanya bertolak belakang dengan rendahnya keterampilan berpikir kritis yang terjadi di SMAN 2 Probolinggo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan penerapan pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Data dianalisis secara triangulasi melalui proses reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat mengubah cara belajar siswa untuk berlatih berpikir tingkat tinggi melalui sintaks pembelajaran sehingga memberikan dampak meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 18,75% siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Probolinggo.