bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of initial α-phase content on the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of pressureless solid-state sintered SiC ceramics
Authors: MALIK Rohit , Kim Young-Wook 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
αand β-SiC starting powders of similar particle sizes were used to investigate the effect of initial α-phase content on the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of pressureless solid-state sintered (PSS) SiC ceramics with B4C and C. For β-SiC starting powders, a coarse-grained microstructure with elongated platelet grains formed by the 3C to 6H to 4H-SiC phase transformation was obtained. In contrast, α-SiC powders exhibited a fine-grained microstructure with platelet grains. The electrical resistivity decreased by an order of magnitude with increasing initial α-phase content presumably due to (1) an increased 6H-SiC content causing a decrease in bandgap energy and (2) the low soluble impurity content (Fe and V) of the α-SiC powders. The thermal conductivity increased by approximately 32% with increasing initial α-phase content due to (1) an increased 6H-SiC content, which has a higher intrinsic thermal conductivity compared to 4H and (2) the low impurity content of the α-SiC powders. The flexural strength increased by approximately 16% with increasing initial α-phase content due to a decreased flaw size with decreasing grain size. However, the fracture toughness and hardness were insensitive to the change in initial α-phase content.
Crop-Ecology and Post-harvest distillation method: The key regulators for yield and composition of essential oil of Valeriana jatamansi
Authors: Thakur Babit Kumar , - Shivani , Mahajan Mitali , Pal Probir Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Valeriana jatamansi is an important temperate herb, which is used for pharmaceutical and essential oil industries. In India, this species is now at the verge of extinction due to the over-exploitation of its rhizomes from its natural habitat. It is hypothesized that the variations in bioactive compounds in its essential oil are very high among the wild populations as well as cultivated sources. Thus, the study was conducted to evaluate the chemical profiling of essential oil of four wild populations (Rupena, Kugti, Garola, Khani) and two cultivated sources (CSIR-IHBT, Saloonie), which were distilled at three consecutive days. The variation in oil concentration in root/rhizome was found significant (P ≤ 0.05), and the maximum value (0.35%) was registered with the population collected from Kugti and Khani. In essential oil, irrespective of population and distillation day, patchouli alcohol was the major compound, which ranged from 19 to 63.1%. The maximum value (63.1%) was recorded with the essential oil obtained from Garola's population and distilled on the first day. The percentage of seychellene was abruptly increased with subsequent days of extraction in all the populations. The multivariate analysis revealed that the essential oil profiles of Rupena, Kugti, Garola, and CSIR-IHBT populations were found similar during the first day of distillation. However, during the second day Rupena, Kugti, Khani, and CSIR-IHBT come under the same ellipse of 0.95% coefficient. The results suggest that the population of Kugti is superior in terms of oil concentration (0.35%) with a higher proportion of patchouli alcohol (63% on the first day). Thus, repeated distillation is recommended for higher recovery of essential oil. Moreover, repeated distillation can be used to attain V. jatamansi essential oil with differential and perhaps targeted definite chemical profile.
Soil Biological Community and Chemical Characteristics of Evergreen and Deciduous Shrub Islands in an Alpine Shrub Meadow
Authors: Sha Moyu , Jin Huiqin , Wang Lifeng , Zhou Yu , You Chengming , Wang Lixia , Li Han , Zhang Li , Tan Bo , Xu Zhengfeng , Zhang Jian , Liu Yang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aim Global change is driving shrub expansion in alpine and Arctic tundra, increasing the size and number of shrub islands. This phenomenon can directly affect the vegetation microclimate and indirectly affect biogeochemical cycling. However, it is unclear how shrub island formation, with a shift in dominant vegetation from graminoids to deciduous or evergreen shrub islands, affects the alpine biochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and decomposer diversity and activity. Methods Two dominant shrub species in the alpine shrub meadow in the eastern Tibetan Plateau were selected. Rhododendron lapponicum (RL) represents evergreen shrubs, and Sorbus rufopilosa (SR) represents deciduous shrubs. Soil fauna community diversity, soil microbial biomass, extracellular enzyme activity and enzyme stoichiometry of the organic soil layer (OL) and mineral soil layer (ML) were determined. Results Presence of shrub islands significantly affected nutrient cycling and microbial processes. Compared with the SR shrub island, the RL shrub island featured lower soil total nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon; lower total microbial phospholipid fatty acid, Gram-negative bacteria and total bacteria contents; and higher enzyme activities of β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. The OL response was greater than the ML response, especially in terms of enzyme activities. Conclusion Evergreen and deciduous shrub islands in an alpine shrub meadow had differences in soil biological communities and nutrient cycling, we suspect the OL was more sensitive than the ML to the shrub expansion in the alpine tundra.
Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Depressive Symptoms in Physicians: A Cross-sectional Study based on the Employment Demand Control Model
Authors: Villarreal-Zegarra David , Lázaro-Illatopa Wilder Iván , Castillo-Blanco Ronald , Cabieses Baltica , Blukacz Alice , Bellido-Boza Luciana , Mezones-Holguin Edward 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We evaluated the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome, and depressive symptoms among Peruvian physicians using the job demand–control framework. We carried out a secondary data analysis of the National Survey of Satisfaction of Users in Health 2016 in Peru. The first part was based on the association among the variables based on the job demand–control framework. The second part focused on estimating the acceptability of the proposed model based on the study variables through the structural equation modeling technique. A total of 2,100 physicians were included, and the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 3.3%. Physicians who had a work-related illness were more than twice as likely to have depressive symptoms (PR=2.23) compared with those who did not. The first predictive model based on the variables, depressive symptoms, burnout syndrome, and job satisfaction had a low goodness-of-fit index. Therefore, for a second evaluation, models with correlated errors were considered, and optimal goodness-of-fit indices were found (CFI=0.974; RMSEA=0.060). Our study identified a stable model to explain the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout, and depressive symptoms among physicians. The results are consistent with the job demand–control framework and can be applied to decision making in occupational contexts in Peru.
NQO1 Alleviates Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Qiu Duojun , Song Shan , Bian Yawei , Yuan Chen , zhang wei , Shi Yonghong , Duan Huijun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the main complications of diabetes, inflammation and fibrosis play an important role in its progress. NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) protects cells from oxidative stress and toxic quinone damage. In present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of NQO1 on diabetes-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis. Methods: In vivo, adeno-associated virus serotype 9 was used to infect the kidneys of type 2 diabetes model db/db mice to overexpress NQO1. In vitro, human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) transfected with NQO1 pcDNA were cultured in high glucose. The gene and protein expression were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species was detected by MitoSox red. Result: Our study revealed that the expression of NQO1 was markedly down-regulated, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TGF-β1 upregulated in vivo and in vitro under diabetic conditions. Overexpression of NQO1 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1), extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation (collagen Ⅳ, Fibronectin) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (α-SMA, E-cadherin) in db/db mice kidney and high glucose cultured human renal tubular cells (HK-2). Furthermore, NQO1 overexpression ameliorated high glucose-induced TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242) suppressed TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion, EMT and ECM-related protein expression in HG-exposed HK-2 cells. In addition, we found that antioxidants NAC and tempol increased the expression of NQO1, decreased the expression of TLR4, TGF-β1, Nox1, Nox4 and ROS production in HK-2 cells cultured with high glucose. Conclusions: These above data suggest that NQO1 alleviates diabetes-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis by regulating TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways.
Implementing Population-wide Mass Media Campaigns: Key Driving Factors to Meet Global Recommendations on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption
Authors: Phulkerd Sirinya , Thapsuwan Sasinee , Chamratrithirong Aphichat , Gray Rossarin Soottipong , Pattaravanich Umaporn , Ungchusak Chantana , Saonuam Pairoj 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background While the influence of implementation of mass media and community-based campaigns has been evident elsewhere, this information has been notably absent in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the association between implementation of mass media campaigns (MMC) and community-based campaigns (CBC) for increased fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption to meet the global recommended level in the Thai population. Methods The sample was obtained from a nationally-representative, longitudinal household survey of the Thai population, Wave1 (2018) and Wave2 (2019). The study applied a multi-stage sampling design to obtain a sample of persons age 15 years or older. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 3,010 respondents who successfully participated in both Wave1 and Wave2 surveys. Information on FV consumption, exposure to Government MMC, ThaiHealth MMC including social marketing (MMSMC) and CBC, and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between implementation of those campaigns and increased FV consumption compared to the recommended level. Results Of the total respondents, only 11.3% had higher FV consumption and also met the minimum requirement. Respondents who lived in rural areas, were farmers, and grew FV at home had the highest probability of increased FV consumption. Exposure to the MMC and CBC was also associated with an increase in FV consumption. Above all, those who had exposure to the MMSMC, who reported either having high level of perception (OR=1.832, 95% CI 1.259-2.666) or ever heard or seen (OR=1.770, 95% CI 1.264-2.479) or heard and seen (OR=1.698, 95% CI 1.131-2.550) campaign information were more likely to have a substantial increase in FV consumption and meeting/exceeding the recommended level than those who were not exposed to these campaigns. Other associated factors include education, occupation and physical activity. Conclusions Implementation of MMSMC can help the population meet the global recommended level of FV consumption. MMC and CBC should also be promoted together with support systems to increase their intensity to a level that can increase population FV consumption to meet the recommended level. Sociodemographic characteristics should be taken into account, and targeted media is needed to effectively reach specific sub-groups of the population.
Characteristics and outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 during the first wave in Senegal
Authors: Lawson Agbogbenkou Tevi Déla-dem , Dieng Mamour , Faye Fulgence Abdou , Diaw Papa Alassane , Kempf Christian , Berthe Adama , Diop Madoky Maguette , Martinot Martin , Diop Sylvie Audrey 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundFew studies have focused on the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on African populations. During the first wave (May 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020), all patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in the Thiès medical region of Senegal were isolated in two types of treatment centers of epidemics (TCEs): hospitals (hTCEs) or out-of-hospital TCE (oTCEs). We have described the demographic characteristics and outcomes of patients in TCEs.MethodsResultsA total 600 cases of COVID-19 were diagnosed. The median age of the patients was 34.0 years; 357 (59.5%) were men and 243 (40.5%) were women. The incidence of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–positive findings of COVID-19 was 12 per 100,000 inhabitants per month. Forty-six (7.7%) patients with severe or critical disease and 99 (16.5%) patients with high-risk conditions and nonsevere disease were hospitalized in hTCEs; 455 (75.8%) patients were quarantined in the oTCEs. In hTCEs, the severely ill patients had a median age of 68 (range, 52–88) years and were older than both the less ill patients in the hTCEs (median age, 45 years; range, 7–78 years; p < 0.0001) and the patients in oTCEs (median age, 30 years; range, 1–86 years; p < 0.0001). Nine patients (7 men, 2 women) died (median age, 73 years; range, 52–88 years); thus the total case fatality rate was 1.5%. Of the patients quarantined in the oTCEs, 340 (74.7%) had no symptoms, and 115 (25.3%) had mild or moderate symptoms; only 2 (0.4%) developed severe disease during the follow-up period. ConclusionIn this retrospective cohort, patients were young (median age, 34.0 years) and mostly asymptomatic (67.8%); the overall fatality rate was low at 1.5%.
Surgical Management of Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of Pancreas- An Experience from Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Bhatta Rohit , Irrinki Santosh , Gupta Vikas , Yadav Thakur Deen , Sakaray Yashwant Raj , Kumar Hemanth , Nada Ritambhra , Singh Harjeet 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:Solid Pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is uncommon and constitutes to 1-2% of pancreatic tumors. Owing to its rarity, literature is spare on its clinicopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes.MethodsOur study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data of patients with histologically proven SPN between January,2012 and December,2019. Patients Demography, clinical presentation, preoperative imaging, operative details, perioperative outcomes and long term follow up were recorded and analyzed. ResultsA total of 14 patients were included in the study, all were females with a median age of 19.5 years (range 15 - 35 years). All presented with pain abdomen. Eight (57.1%) out of 14 patients were correctly diagnosed with Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen. CECT revealed sloid cystic well encapsulated lesions in 12(85.7%) and homogenous mass lesions without cystic changes in 2(14.2%) patients. The most common tumor location was Head/uncinate process (57.1%). Eight (57.1%) underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and 6 (42.8%) had undergone distal pancreatectomy. The mean size of tumour was 9.5cm(2.8-14cm). The median postoperative stay was 9 days(range 4-20 days). Seven patients (50%) developed post-operative pancreatic fistula (Grade-A-6/7,Grade-B-1/7) and delayed gastric emptying (DGE) were noted in two (14.2%).R0 resection could be achieved in 13 patients (92.8%). Median follow up period was 49.5 months. One patient had postoperative recurrence after 48 months of surgery.ConclusionSPN is a rare tumor of pancreas. Lack of preoperative predictors for malignant potential complete oncological resections is essential for potential cure.
Application of a three-dimensional virtual model to study the effect of fluoroscopic angle on infra-acetabular corridor parameters and screw insertion rates
Authors: Ma Nengfeng , Hu Xufeng , Tao Zhoushan , Yang Min 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To use three-dimensional (3D) virtual models to study how the parameters and insertion rates of the infra-acetabular corridor (IAC) change under different fluoroscopic angles.
Methods

The pelvis computed tomography data of 187 patients are imported into Mimics software in DICOM format to generate a 3D model. The anterior pelvis plane is used as the reference plane to measure the diameter of the optimum IAC when the pelvis model is tilted forward by 5°, 15°, 25°, 35° and 45°. The diameter of at least 3.5 mm is defined as the cutoff for placing a 3.5 mm screw, the rate of infra-acetabular screw (IAS) insertion is calculated, and the mean length of the IAC and the mean tilt of the corridor axis in relation to the sagittal midline plane (SMP) are measured.
Results

The similar diameters of the IAC can be found under fluoroscopy at 5°–35°, with the largest diameter of 4.08 ± 1.84 mm and the highest screw insertion rate of 60.42% at 15° and 25°, whereas the diameter and insertion rate are lowest at 45°. The corridor length increases with increasing fluoroscopic angle, and the angle of the corridor axis to the SMP decreases gradually.
Conclusions

The traditional 45° pelvic inlet radiograph is not suitable as the fluoroscopic angle for IAS insertion. The parameters of the IAC vary according to a certain rule under different fluoroscopic angles, so a surgeon can select the appropriate fluoroscopic angle in accordance with the type of fracture and the fracture line angle.
Comprehensive circRNA Expression Profile and Transcriptomics-Based Molecular Pathway Analysis of the Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin in Diabetic Tubular Epithelial Cells
Authors: Song Yi , Guo Feng , Liu Yifan , Zhao Yanyan , Zhao Lin , Huang Fengjuan , Fan Xunjie , Qin Guijun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious diabetes complication. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are novel anti-diabetes drugs and have clinical renal protection. However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here, human proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) were treated with normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG), and three types of anti-diabetes agents including SGLT2i (dapagliflozin), metformin, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i, vildagliptin) to perform microarray analysis. A total of 2,710 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs were identified in PTECs. Network pharmacology, Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that the effects of dapagliflozin on PTECs primarily involved lipid metabolism, Rap1, and MAPK signaling pathways. The effects of metformin were mainly on the AMPK and FOXO signaling pathways, whereas vildagliptin were on insulin secretion and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks revealed that dapagliflozin might regulate the primary bile acid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and vesicular transport through the hsa_circ_1586-miR-4739/hsa-miR-7851-3p/miR-1273g-3p networks, and regulate the MAPK, ErbB, and insulin resistance signaling pathways through the has_circ_012448-hsa-miR-378g/hsa-miR-29b-5p networks. Overall, our study elucidates circRNA expression profile in PTECs treated with dapagliflozin for the first time, providing novel clues for exploring the molecular mechanisms of dapagliflozin on DKD.
The Mechanism of Governments’ and Individuals’ Influence on Protective Behaviors during the Second Wave of COVID-19: A Multiple Mediation Model
Authors: Dai Bibing , Zhang Xiaoya , Meng Guangteng , Zheng Ya , Hu Kesong , Li Qi , Liu Xun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to spread and resurge globally with signs of a second wave, despite actions by governments to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. However, evidence-based strategies to combat COVID-19 recurrence are poorly documented. To reveal how governments and individuals should act to effectively cope with future waves, this study proposed a preventive model of COVID-19 epidemic resurgence. To verify the model, we conducted an online questionnaire survey assessing government intervention, perceived efficacy, positive emotions, posttraumatic growth (PTG) and protective behaviors among 1137 residents in Beijing, where the epidemic reoccurred. Data analysis revealed that during COVID-19 epidemic resurgence, government intervention could directly and indirectly influence protective behaviors through individual factors (i.e., perceived efficacy, positive emotions), and PTG could mediate the indirect pathway to protective behaviors. These findings implied that government intervention needs to be integrated with individual factors to effectively control repeated COVID-19 outbreaks.
A Mobile Terminal-based Nomogram for Early Predicting Severity of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Shi Na , Zhang Xiaoxin , He Wenhua , Deng Lihui , Li Lan , Zhu Ping , Xia Liang , Jin Tao , Ward Thomas , Sztamary Peter , Cai Wenhao , Yao Linbo , Yang Xinmin , Lin Ziqi , Jiang Kun , Guo Jia , Yang Xiaonan , Singh Vikesh K. , Sutton Robert , Windsor John A. , Lu Nonghua , Zhu Yin , Huang Wei , Xia Qing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Early prediction of the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) is important but there is no preferred method in China. We aimed to develop and validate a simple-to-use predictive nomogram for persistent organ failure (POF) on admission in patients with AP. Methods: Data from 816 consecutive patients was obtained from internal (Chengdu) retrospective datasets and formed the training cohort for nomogram development. Data from 398 and 880 consecutive patients from internal (Chengdu) and external (Nanchang) prospective datasets formed the validation cohorts (all admitted < 48 hours of symptom onset). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify independent prognostic factors to establish the nomogram for POF. The calibration curves, concordance index (C-index), decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC) were used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram and its clinical utility. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) with 95% CI and likelihood ratio as well as post-test probability were applied. Measurements and main results: Age, respiratory rate, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, oxygen support, and pleural effusion were identified as independent prognostic factors for POF and were included in the nomogram model (web-based calculator: https://shina.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/). This predictive nomogram had good predictive ability for POF (C-indexes of 0.88, 0.91 and 0.81 for the training and two validation cohorts) and promising clinical utility (DCA: better or equivalent than prognostic scores; CIC: high clinical net benefit). The AUC of (0.91 [0.88-0.94] and 0.81 [0.79-0.84]), negative likelihood ratio (NLR 0.11 and 0.29), post-test probability of negative (0.9% and 6.7%) of the nomogram were superior in predicting POF than all other routinely used clinical prognostic scoring systems in both validation cohorts. Similar findings were observed for predicting major infection (superior to other prognostic scores) and mortality (superior or equally to others). Conclusions: The validated nomogram comprises 6 independent prognostic factors to predict major clinical outcomes of patients with AP in two distinct Chinese centers. This mobile terminal-based nomogram should be validated in other settings and considered for clinical practice and trial allocation, until more accurate biomarkers are discovered.