bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Experimental Design for the Establishment and Optimization of RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Two Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/benzodiazepines Combinations in the Presence of their Related Compounds
Authors: El Zaher Asmaa Ahmed , El Kady Ehab Farouk , El Ghwas Hind Ezzat , El Houssini Ola Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Design of experiment (DOE) is considered the most powerful tool to identify factors that affect variation and improve the response by tuning these factors. In the present work, DOE was applied to establish an innovative, sensitive and precise HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Escitalopram oxalate, Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate and Clonazepam in presence of their related compounds in drug substance and drug products.

Methods:
Buffer molarity, % organic modifier (acetonitrile content) at the beginning/end of the gradient,
flow rate at the beginning/end of the gradient, pH of the mobile phase, and column temperature
were screened using Plackett-Burman design (PBD) model. The main effect plot showed that
% organic modifier at the beginning/end of gradient and flow rate at the beginning of gradient were
statistically significant variables influencing peaks resolution (p<0.05). Box-Behnken design (BBD)
was then used as an optimization model in order to achieve the highest possible resolution with
the least possible experimental trials through studying the interaction and quadratic effects of these
three factors. Finally, the optimum condition for predicated peak resolution could be achieved by
the desirability function.

Results:
After optimization, chromatographic separation was attained on Agilent Zorbax SB C18 (4.6×250mm, 5µm) column using gradient elution of mobile phase: (A) potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2.7; 0.025M) and (B) acetonitrile at ambient column temperature with the last eluted compound at less than 17 min. The flow rate was maintained at 1/2.3 mLmin-1 with UV detection at 245/210 nm using time programming.

Conclusion:
The optimized chromatographic method was used for stability indicating assay of the cited drugs in presence of their related compounds according to ICH Q2R1 guidelines.
The Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Analysis and Biofilm Formation of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus cohnii Isolated from Clinical Samples in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Delfani Somayeh , Rezaei Faranak , Soroush Setareh , Shakib Pegah 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci
is responsible for hospital and community-acquired infections.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic-resistance patterns,
antibiotic-resistance genes, namely, ermA, ermB, ermC, blaZ, msrA, tetK, tetM,
mup, and vanA, biofilm formation, and prevalence of different SCCmec types
among the Staphylococcus cohnii strains isolated from clinical samples in
Tehran, Iran.

Methods:
In this study, S. cohnii isolates were screened from the clinical samples
from March 2012 to February 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility
test and inducible clindamycin resistance were evaluated by disc diffusion
method, and resistance genes were examined using Polymerase Chain Reaction
(PCR) assays. Then, biofilm formation assay was analyzed by Microtiter-plate
test to detect the icaA and icaD genes. The SCCmec and the Arginine Catabolite
Mobile Element (ACME) typing were performed using the PCR method.

Results:
From twenty S. cohnii, all isolates were resistant to cefoxitin. 95% of
the S. cohnii was defined as Multidrug Resistance (MDR) strains. The ermB,
ermC, and vanA genes were not detected in any isolates; however, the blaZ gene
had the highest frequency. 95% of the S. cohnii isolates produced biofilm. Also,
4 SCCmec types, including V, IV, III+ (C2), VIII+ (AB1), were identified. Therefore,
the majority of SCCmec were untypable. Based on the ACME typing, arcA
and opp3 genes were positive in 13 (65%) and 1 (5%) isolates, respectively.

Conclusion:
Due to the high antimicrobial resistance and the spread of untypable
SCCmec among the isolates studied, the control and treatment of methicillin-resistant
S. cohnii in hospitals and public health centers is a significant concern.
Rate and Performance Enhancement of LDPC Codes Using Collection of Punctured Codes Decoding (CPCD)
Authors: Hassan Rana A. , Fonseka John P. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes have received significant interest in
a variety of communication systems due to their superior performance and reasonable decoding complexity.

Methods:
A novel Collection of Punctured Codes Decoding (CPCD) technique that considers a code as
a collection of its punctured codes is proposed. Two forms of CPCD, serial CPCD that decodes each
punctured code serially and parallel CPCD that decodes each punctured code in parallel, are discussed.
In contrast to other modifications of LDPC decoding documented in the literature, the proposed CPCD
technique views a LDPC code as a collection of punctured LDPC codes, where all punctured codes are
derived from the original LDPC code by removing different portions of its parity bits. CPCD technique
decodes each punctured code separately and exchanges extrinsic information obtained from that decoding
among all other punctured codes for their decoding. Hence, as the iterations increase, the information
obtained in the decoding of punctured codes improve making CPCD perform better than standard
decoding.

Results:
It is demonstrated that both serial and parallel CPCD have about the same decoding complexity
compared with standard Sum Product Algorithm (SPA) decoding. It is also demonstrated that while
serial CPCD has about the same decoding delay compared with standard SPA decoding, parallel CPCD
can decrease the decoding delay, however, at the expense of processing power.

Conclusion:
Numerical results demonstrate that CPCD can either significantly improve the performance,
or significantly increase the code rate of LDPC codes.
CIBERTERRORISMO E DIREITO PENAL: ANÁLISE DA PROPORCIONALIDADE DA LEI Nº 13.260/2016 ENQUANTO INSTRUMENTO DE PROTEÇÃO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À SEGURANÇA
Authors: Maya André Machado Maya , Fraga Ariel 
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a proporcionalidade da Lei nº 13.260/2016 enquanto instrumento de proteção dos bens jurídicos expostos a risco pelo ciberterrorismo, em especial observadas as dimensões de proibição de excesso e de insuficiência do mencionado postulado normativo. A este efeito, o presente ensaio inicia por uma análise da atual sociedade de risco globalizada e influenciada pelas tecnologias da informação e comunicação, em especial a Internet. Nesse contexto é apresentado o problema do ciberterrorismo, na segunda parte do estudo, com especial ênfase à sua definição e à identificação do direito fundamental à segurança como bem jurídico exposto a risco por essa prática delituosa. Ao final, a pesquisa centra-se na verificação da ponderação do tratamento penal dispensado pela Lei nº 13.260/2016 aos atos de ciberterrorismo, culminando com a conclusão de que a legislação confere proteção insuficiente ao excluir do âmbito de proteção da norma os ataques a servidores ou redes privadas de uso individual.
Efficacy and Safety of Imeglimin Monotherapy Versus Placebo in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (TIMES 1): A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multicenter Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Dubourg Julie , Fouqueray Pascale , Thang Carole , Grouin Jean-Marie , Ueki Kohjiro 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of imeglimin, the first in a new class of oral antidiabetic agent, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial in 30 sites in Japan. Eligible participants were individuals aged ≥20 years with type 2 diabetes treated with diet and exercise, stable for ≥12 weeks prior to screening, and whose HbA1c was 7.0–10.0% (53–86 mmol/mol). Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to either oral imeglimin (1,000 mg twice daily) or matched placebo for 24 weeks. Investigators, participants, and the sponsor of the study remained blinded throughout the trial. The primary end point was the change in mean HbA1c from baseline to week 24, and the key secondary end point was the percentage of responders (according to two definitions) at week 24.

RESULTS
Between 26 December 2017 and 1 February 2019, 106 and 107 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with imeglimin and placebo, respectively. Compared with placebo, the adjusted mean difference in change from baseline HbA1c at week 24 was −0.87% (95% CI −1.04 to −0.69 [−9.5 mmol/mol; 95% CI −11.4 to −7.5]; P &lt; 0.0001). Forty-seven (44.3%) patients reported ≥1 adverse event in the imeglimin group versus 48 adverse events (44.9%) in the placebo group.

CONCLUSIONS
Imeglimin significantly improved HbA1c in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes compared with placebo and had a similar safety profile to placebo. Imeglimin represents a potential new treatment option for this population.
Sensibilidad del cuestionario anamnésico de síntomas de miembro superior y columna desa-rrollado por la unidad de investigación ergonómica de postura y movimiento (EPM) desde la perspectiva de la medicina del trabajo y la fisioterapia en Colombia
Authors: Velásquez Juan Carlos , Fonseca Pacheco Angélica Patricia 
Published: February 2021

El propósito de este estudio es evaluar la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos del Cuestionario Anamnésico de Síntomas de Miembro Superior y Columna (CASMSC) desarrollado por la Unidad de Investigación de Ergonomía de Postura y Movimiento (EPM). Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo correlacional, mediante el análisis de datos secundarios de una base con registros de trabajadores de la industria de alimentos (n=401) en el año 2013, a quienes se les había aplicado el CASMSC, así como una evaluación clínica fisioterapéutica enfocada en los mismos segmentos corporales; esta última utilizada como prueba de oro. Para analizar si existían diferencias estadísticas por edad, antigüedad y género, se aplicó el análisis de varianza de una vía. La sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos del CASMSC se informan con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza (95%). La prevalencia de umbral positivo para sospecha de Trastorno de Músculo Esquelético (TME) tanto de miembro superior como de columna se encontró muy por encima de la media nacional para el sector. La sensibilidad del CASMSC para miembro superior estuvo en el rango de un 80% a 94,57% y para columna cervical y lumbar fue de 36,4% y 43,4%, respectivamente. Para la región dorsal fue casi del doble de las otras dos regiones (85,7%). El CASMSC es recomendable en su apartado para miembro superior dado a su alto nivel de sensibilidad.
Effect of Chest Physiotherapy along with Early Mobility after Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Kabir Md. Feroz , Jahan Sharmila , Hossain Md. Zahid , Chakrovorty Sonjit Kumar , Sarker Altaf Hossain , Hossain Mohammad Anwar , Hossain K. M. Amran , Kamal S. M. Mostafa , Akter Sonia 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of chest physiotherapy along with early mobility after abdominal surgery. The study was investigating the effect of chest physiotherapy along with early mobility and only chest physiotherapy after major abdominal surgeries on respiratory function, length of hospital stays, pain intensity, oxygen saturation level and status of functional independency (FIM).
Methodology: This was a quasi-experimental study where sixty patients with Lower abdominal surgery conveniently selected from the post-operative unit of the tertiary level specialized hospitals in Dhaka and simple random sampling was used for differentiating the groups. Thirty patients in chest physiotherapy group (control) and thirty in chest physiotherapy along with early mobility group (Experimental). It was measured the respiratory function, length of hospital stays, pain intensity, oxygen saturation level and status of functional independence.
Results: Regarding this study the mean age of the experimental group were 46.7 (±18.12) years and mean age of control group were 43.4 (±15.66) years. Mean length of hospital stay was 7.90 (± 2.078) days in experimental group and 11.50 (±3.75) in control group, and the p value was 0.0016 in experimental group and 0.019 in control group so it was proved that the chest physiotherapy along with early mobilization significantly reduce the duration of hospital stay and chest physiotherapy was also effective. However it was showed that post-operative day-05 experimental group treatment was significantly effective where the p value was ≤0.05 (p=0.0378). So it was absolute showed that the treatment of experimental group was much effective. Study was showed that the effect on improving functional independency level was significantly effective of experimental group of FIM score in all parameters and also in control group also but in comparison it was showed that the experimental group was more effective than control group.
Conclusion: It was identified the significant effectiveness of chest physiotherapy (CPT) along with early mobility rather than only chest physiotherapy after abdominal surgeries. But both groups of participants were showed significant effectiveness. Participants in the CPT along with early mobility exercise after abdominal surgeries showed that it significantly reduces the duration of hospital stay and as well as increase the peripheral oxygen saturation level and also improved functional independence rather than the control group who got only chest physiotherapy.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers of a Tertiary Care Infectious Disease Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Shah Priyanka , Dhungel Binod , Bastola Anup , Banjara Megh Raj , Rijal Komal Raj , Ghimire Prakash 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Acquisition of mecA gene in infectious strains of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are considered as one of the potential virulence factors that enables the host bacteria to carry out several nosocomial and community-acquired infections. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA, their antibiogram and mecA gene in the bacterial isolates obtained from the asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) working in Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital (STIDH), Kathmandu Nepal.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study involved the collection of nasal and hands swab of 125 randomly selected HCWs from December 2019 to February 2020. Conventional microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify S. aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. MRSA was confirmed by using cefoxitin disc. Detection of mecA gene in the chromosome which was extracted by Phenol: Chloroform: isoamyl alcohol DNA extraction method, amplified by using PCR and visualized by running agarose gel electrophoresis.
Results: The overall and MRSA carriage rate among the HCWs was found to be 28% (35/125) and 10.4% (13/125) respectively. S. aureus carriage rate was highest among sanitation staffs (34.2%) followed by pharmacy staffs (33.3%), laboratory personnel (18.8%), doctors (9.1%) and nurses (7.5%). Similarly, 34.2% (13/38) of the S. aureus isolates were resistant to methicillin, 31.6% (12/38) were inducible-clindamycin resistant and 63.2% (24/38) of them were multi-drug resistant (MDR). All the 13 MRSA isolates harbored the mecA gene.
Conclusions: Carriage rate of MRSA among HCWs was high and alarming, indicating the prompt need of intervention measures to curb the growth and spread of resistant isolates in the hospital settings. Effective surveillance (of infectious diseases) and establishment of advanced diagnostic facilities can assist in estimating the actual burden of the MRSA which in turn helps to formulate and implement the appropriate policies and infection-control programs to address the increasing antimicrobial resistance in the country.
Screening of Indigenous Yeast From Different Ecological Region of Kathmandu Valley and Its Application in Wine Production
Authors: Rajopadhyaya Bipanab , Maharjan Bipana , Maharjan Roshani , Acharya Amrit 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: The aim of the study was to isolate and screen the potent yeast from the air for implementing new yeast in wine fermentation.
Methods: In this study, 35 air samples collected in sterile grape juice in glass jar and left over for four days exposure for the growth of yeast from different locations around the Kathmandu Valley. Yeasts were screened by culturing on selective Ethanol Sulfite Agar (ESA) media at 30°C for 2-3 days in Microbiology Lab of Pinnacle College. Yeast isolates were characterized based on colony morphology, microscopic characteristics, Fermentative capacity, Hydrogen sulfide production. Selected yeast isolates were subjected to ethanol fermentation and tested for alcohol tolerance capacity. Wine quality was assessed by sensory evaluation.
Results: Of 35 samples, only 20 yeast isolates were isolated. Among these isolates, the variation in colony characteristics along with oval and ellipsoidal microscopic appearance was observed. All the isolates were able to ferment major sugars such as glucose, fructose and sucrose, but few could not ferment galactose and maltose, while none-fermented lactose and xylose. Here, isolates showing no H2S (L29, L34) and mild H2S producer (isolate L31) were subjected to ethanol fermentation. Also, Comparative analysis was made by using commercial standard wine yeast (STAN). Rapid fermentation of grape juice with initial 21 0Brix was observed in L31 isolate, which produced 12.99% v/v alcohol with titratable acidity (TA) 5.25 g/L, followed by L29 strain with 11.99%v/v alcohol and 4.5 g/L TA which were higher than STAN (10.99% alcohol). These isolates specified as Ethanol tolerance up to 13%v/v, while none of them were able to grow at 15% v/v ethanol concentration and 45°C temperature. However, significant growth was observed at pH 3 along with sugar tolerance capacity at 30 0Brix. The wine produced by these isolates was found to be remarkably different among each other. While the sensory analysis of wine led to isolate L31 being congenial to tasters.
Conclusion: L31 isolate was found to be efficient and advantageous for wine production indicating its industrial application.
Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates of Wound Infection In Children Visiting Kanti Children Hospital
Authors: Ghimire Gita , RP Chaudhary , Lekhak Binod 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: The objectives of this study was to isolate and identify the bacterial etiological agent of wound infection and explore the status of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA), multidrug Resistant (MDR) and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers’ strains in clinical specimens and to find the antibiotic susceptibility pattern.
Methods: A prospective cross sectional study design was conducted from period of February 2014 to October 2014 at Kanti Children Hospital, Kathmandu. The organisms were isolated and identified from pus sample by standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by modified the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method to evaluate the status of MRSA and MDR. ESBL detection was performed by the combined disc diffusion method.
Results: Out of 365 specimens collected between the age group below < 2 to 15 years, 210 (57.73%) samples from male patients and 155 (42.47%) from female patients. In the total samples processed, Gram-positive organisms were found to be more prevalent in which Staphylococcus aureus accounts for 135(47.20%), followed by P. aeruginosa 62 (21.67%), E. coli 29 (10.20%), K. pneumoniae 27 (9.44%), Acinetobacter spp. 20 (6.70%), P. vulgaris 7 (2.44%) and CoNS 6 (2.10%). Among the S. aureus isolates, 29 (21.48%) were found MRSA. Of the total Gram-negative organisms isolated, 74 (51.03%) were MDR and 14 (100%) ESBL producer, (P<0.01). S. aureus was found to be the most important and leading cause of wound infection in this study.
Conclusion: Thus, routine antibiotic susceptibility testing is recommended for empirical drug therapy and proper management of disease.
Perilaku Cyberbullying Remaja di Media Sosial
Authors: Riswanto Dody , Marsinun Rahmiwati 
Published: February 2021

Cyberbullying adalah tindakan negatif yang dilakukan oleh seseorang atau kelompok tertentu dengan cara mengirimkan pesan teks, foto, gambar meme, dan video ke akun media sosial seseorang dengan tujuan untuk menyindir, menghina, melecehkan, mendiskriminasi bahkan mempersekusi individu. Berdasarkan hasil data statistik, sebagian besar pelaku cyberbullying didominasi adalah remaja. Urgensi penelitian ini adalah cyberbullying merupakan fenomena yang sering terjadi di Indonesia dan telah menjadi gejala umum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data seperti pengamatan atau observasi, studi dokumentasi, serta pengumpulan informasi audio visual. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik penarikan kesimpulan melalui kategorisasi, sintesis, penafsiran dan evaluasi yang menghasilkan makna deskriptif. Ringkasan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif para remaja melakukan tindakan cyberbullying adalah: ketidaksukaan terhadap person atau pribadi seseorang, bermaksud menyindir dengan kalimat-kalimat negatif yang kurang etis dan kasar, bertujuan untuk menghibur agar para user atau pengguna internet dapat tertawa, perasaan dengki dan hasud yang menimpa diri remaja, dan merasa bahwa dirinya lebih baik dan berkualitas dibanding orang lain sehingga beranggapan bahwa tindakan cyberbullying adalah hal yang wajar. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan manfaat dan kontribusi bagi pengembangan ilmu psikologi dan konseling, khususnya pada pengembangan kognitif remaja serta pencegahan dan treatment yang harus dilakukan.
THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR IN AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE LECTURER PERFORMANCE AT PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN JEMBER
Authors: Hidayah Tamriatin , Sulaksono Hary 
Published: February 2021

This study aims to see the influence of the variable leadership style, organizational culture, compensation on performance through the variable Organizational Citizenzhip Behavior as an Intervening variable. The research was conducted at private universities in Jember. Methods of data collection through distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis method used was SEM. The results obtained from this study are that there is a direct influence of leadership style, organizational culture, and compensation on lecturer performance. Indirect influence through the intervening variable Organizational Citizenship behavior. The implications that can be formulated in relation to the results of this study are that higher education leaders should always apply a leadership style that is able to encourage the improvement of lecturer performance.
Keywords:Leadership Style, Organizational Culture, Compensation, Performance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior