bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure to Criticism Modulates Left but Not Right Amygdala Functional Connectivity in Healthy Adolescents: Individual Influences of Perceived and Self-Criticism
Authors: Bonduelle Sam Luc Bart , Chen Qinyuan , Wu Guo-Rong , Braet Caroline , De Raedt Rudi , Baeken Chris 
Published: July 2021

Background: Frequent exposure to criticism is a known risk factor for various adult psychiatric disorders. Adolescents may be even more vulnerable to (parental) criticism, as their imbalanced brain maturation makes them prone to stronger mood changes and less effective emotional regulation. Identifying which adolescent subgroups are more vulnerable than others could be of great clinical relevance. Perceived criticism (PC) and self-criticism (SC), two related but distinct traits, could well be crucial vulnerability factors.Hypotheses: After exposure to criticism during fMRI scanning, rapid changes in amygdalar functional connectivity (FC) with other brain areas involved in emotion regulation and social cognitive processing will occur. These changes will depend on trait moderators, such as the adolescents' proneness to (a) perceive others as critical of them (PC) or (b) perceive themselves positively or negatively (SC).Methods: Sixty-four healthy 14–17-year-olds were exposed to a series of auditory comments. Changes in mood states were assessed based on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) prior to and after exposure to these segments. Pre- and post-experiment FC of the left and right amygdalae with other brain areas were also measured. Correlates between FC changes and psychometric measures—including the perceived criticism measure (PCM) and self-perception profile for adolescents (SPPA)—were assessed.Results: First, after being criticized, FC increases of the left amygdala seed region with brain areas related to sustained emotional processing were found, but no right amygdalar FC changes. Second, there was a significant positive partial correlation between individual PCM scores and FC changes between the left amygdala seed region and the left precuneus and left superior parietal cortex, both part of the default mode network.Conclusion: Exposure to criticism resulted in a rapid negative mood change accompanied by an increase in FC between the left amygdala and regions known to be involved in sustained emotional processing, but no right amygdalar FC changes. Furthermore, higher PC but not SC was correlated with stronger left amygdalar FC increases with these regions, suggesting an elevated vulnerability for disturbed emotional processing, as observed in mood disorders, in healthy adolescents with higher PCM scores.
Quantifying CO2 Emissions of Power Plants With CO2 and NO2 Imaging Satellites
Authors: Kuhlmann Gerrit , Henne Stephan , Meijer Yasjka , Brunner Dominik 
Published: July 2021

One important goal of the Copernicus CO2 monitoring (CO2M) mission is to quantify CO2 emissions of large point sources. We analyzed the feasibility of such quantifications using synthetic CO2 and NO2 observations for a constellation of CO2M satellites. Observations were generated from kilometer-scale COSMO-GHG simulations over parts of the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland. CO2 and NOX emissions of the 15 largest power plants (3.7–40.3 Mt CO2 yr−1) were quantified using a data-driven method that combines a plume detection algorithm with a mass-balance approach. CO2 and NOX emissions could be estimated from single overpasses with 39–150% and 33–116% uncertainty (10–90th percentile), respectively. NO2 observations were essential for estimating CO2 emissions as they helped detecting and constraining the shape of the plumes. The uncertainties are dominated by uncertainties in the CO2M observations (2–72%) and limitations of the mass-balance approach to quantify emissions of complex plumes (25–95%). Annual CO2 emissions could be estimated with 23–119% and 18–65% uncertainties with two and three satellites, respectively. The uncertainty in the temporal variability of emissions contributes about half to the total uncertainty. The estimated uncertainty was extrapolated to determine uncertainties for point sources globally, suggesting that two satellites would be able to quantify the emissions of up to 300 point sources with &lt;30% uncertainty, while adding a third satellite would double the number to about 600 point sources. Annual NOX emissions can be determined with better accuracy of 16–73% and 13–52% with two and three satellites, respectively. Estimating CO2 emissions from NOX emissions using a CO2:NOX emission ratio may thus seem appealing, but this approach is significantly limited by the high uncertainty in the emission ratios as determined from the same CO2M observations. The mass-balance approach studied here will be particularly useful for estimating emissions in countries where power plant emissions are not routinely monitored and reported. Further reducing the uncertainties will require the development of advanced atmospheric inversion systems for emission plumes and an improved constraint on the temporal variability of emissions using additional sources of information such as other satellite observations or energy demand statistics.
Quantitative Investigation of Radiometric Interactions between Snowfall, Snow Cover, and Cloud Liquid Water over Land
Authors: Takbiri Zeinab , Milani Lisa , Guilloteau Clement , Foufoula-Georgiou Efi 
Published: July 2021

Falling snow alters its own microwave signatures when it begins to accumulate on the ground, making retrieval of snowfall challenging. This paper investigates the effects of snow-cover depth and cloud liquid water content on microwave signatures of terrestrial snowfall using reanalysis data and multi-annual observations by the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) core satellite with particular emphasis on the 89 and 166 GHz channels. It is found that over shallow snow cover (snow water equivalent (SWE) ≤100 kg m−2) and low values of cloud liquid water path (LWP 100–150 g m−2), the scattering of light snowfall (intensities ≤0.5 mm h−1) is detectable only at frequency 166 GHz, while for higher snowfall rates, the signal can also be detected at 89 GHz. However, when SWE exceeds 200 kg m−2 and the LWP is greater than 100–150 g m−2, the emission from the increased liquid water content in snowing clouds becomes the only surrogate microwave signal of snowfall that is stronger at frequency 89 than 166 GHz. The results also reveal that over high latitudes above 60°N where the SWE is greater than 200 kg m−2 and LWP is lower than 100–150 g m−2, the snowfall microwave signal could not be detected with GPM without considering a priori data about SWE and LWP. Our findings provide quantitative insights for improving retrieval of snowfall in particular over snow-covered terrain.
The calibration and uncertainty evaluation by elementary measurement models
Authors: Samoilenko Oleksandr 
Published: July 2021

Nature has often made necessary things simple (elementary) and complicated ones unnecessary. This can be applied to measurement models of the large amount of working measurement standards and working measuring instruments. Nevertheless, if measurement model is elementary, it does not mean that it is primitive. It should be formulated according to the sufficiency, mathematical completeness and correctness principles. The attempt to formulate models according to the mentioned principles is introduced.
Models are called elementary, as measurement result is function of one or two homogeneous measured quantities. Thus, measurement result is a single reading of the measurement standard or measuring instrument or average value of several readings, or bias as the disparity between readings of the calibrated measuring instrument and measurement standard.
Notwithstanding the elementary measurement models simplicity, many variants of solutions are obtained in the process of the measurement result uncertainty evaluation by these models. Publication demonstrates how to choose the best uncertainty evaluation from many variants of solutions depending on whether single readings or average of several readings is included to measurement model. The best choice of the measurement model depends on resolution of the indicating measuring instrument. Moreover, the best choice depends on the measurement standard used for calibration, which is material measure or measuring instrument and depends on the calibration object: material measure or measuring instrument.
A Study on Financial Statement Analysis of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society in Paiyanoor Branch at Chengalpattu District
Authors: Karthikeyan K 
Published: July 2021

This study discussed the financial statement analysis of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society in Paiyanoor branch at Chengalpattu district, the study based last five year annual report of 2014 to 2019 form PACCS. The Accounting ratios like Current ratio, Quick ratio, Debit ration, Debit equity ratio, Net assets turnover ratio, Gross profit ratio, Net profit ratio, Return on equity ratio, Return on equity ratio, Solvency ratio used analysis the performance of financial statement analysis of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society. The study revealed that Debit Ratio highest value in the year 2014-15 is 0.830, Net Profit Ratio highest value in the year 2015-16 is 1.015, Current Ratio highest value in the year 2018-19 is 2.052, Quick Ratio highest value in theyear 2018-19 is 2.813, Gross Profit Ratio highest value in the year 2018-19 is 0.134. It shows that the PACCS gradually increase financial performance in last five years from 2014 to 2019.
Women Participation in Microcredit Service to Improve Families Livelihood: The Case of Sodo Zuria District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Ganebo Tekele Petros , Nakkiran S , Chamato Teklu Tesfaye , Senapathy M 
Published: July 2021

Even though microfinance institutions have their principles and guidelines that have room for before women and working to improve their families’ lives, women participation is not significant in all of the microfinance services and their activities. The situation is also similar in the study area. The study’s objectives were to assess the extent and status of women participation in Microcredit, determine factors that affect women participation in microcredit service to improve livelihood and assess the constraints that hinder women’s participation in microcredit service from enhancing their livelihood. The total number of rural women microcredit users in Omo and Vision Microfinance was 2331; from this 100 sample, respondents were selected using Yemane (1967)formula and based on PPS through a simple random sampling method. The extent and status of women participation in microcredit service have been measured by calculating the score value of the participation index. The participation status of women has been categorized into low, medium and high, which are 38, 20 and 38 respondents, respectively. Mean difference, percentage, oneway ANOVA, spearman correlation and chi-square test were used with an ordered logit model to analyze the data. Out of 17 hypothesized variables, 7 of them, namely, age, Family income, Livestock holding size, household expenditure, the experience of borrower, achievement motivation and attitudinal level, are significant to the dependent variable. According to the respondents’ econometric analysis age, the respondents negatively influence the level of participation, and itis significant. It is better to consider the mean age between 37, which is the medium age group. Therefore, policy-makers, actors, MFI industries/institutions, and planners should develop a positive attitude and motivational achievement through training and awareness creation programs to promote women’s equal opportunities control over their household economic resources.
História da Comunicação - O Tempo: a lógica do ininterrupto
Authors: Pieroni Geraldo , Guimarães Filho Carlos Manoel Machado , Siteneski Dalvan Alves , Fortunato Elaine Polo , Santana Maurício Ferreira , Uhry Ricardo , Cardoso Vitor Emanuel Pinto 
Published: July 2021

O tempo é um objeto natural, um aspecto dos processos naturais, um objeto cultural? Ponderou Norbert Elias. Para ele o tempo é uma instituição cuja postura varia conforme o estágio de desenvolvimento atingido pelas sociedades:

“o indivíduo ao crescer, aprende a interpretar os sinais temporais usados em sua sociedade e a orientar sua conduta em função deles (...) A imagem mnêmica, ou seja referente à memória e a “representação do tempo num determinado indivíduo dependem, pois, do nível de desenvolvimento das instituições sociais que representam o tempo e difundem seu conhecimento, assim como das experiências que o indivíduo tem delas desde a mais tenra idade” (ELIAS, 1998, p. 15).

O “presente perpétuo, esta percepção de que estamos inseridos no universo contemporâneo da formulação de um inédito regime de historicidade localizado no presente.”. O presente se desgasta na ação imediata apressada pela contínua mudança, uma espécie de presentismo. Todo e qualquer instante “se transforma em tempo de frenesi que dura continuamente”, Este continuado tempo nos meios de comunicação “é marcado pelo fluxo continuo da informação, instaurando um tempo novo governado pela lógica do ininterrupto”.
Focalizando temporalidades múltiplas, o presente artigo reúne seis textos que se inserem na práxis dos estudos referentes à História da Comunicação e suas múltiplas possibilidades de análises. Estas pesquisas, sejam elas específicas em uma determinada temporalidade ou alargando os limites tempo/espaço, incidem no universo da comunicação enquanto lugar social. Os textos abaixo foram apresentados e discutidos no Seminário de História da Comunicação (2020) realizado pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Linguagem da Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná.
Review Artikel : Aktivitas Antikanker dari Spons Laut Genus Xestospongia
Authors: Asniar Pascayantri Adryan Fristiohady,Prahedi Setya Ibrahim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract The discovery of novel agents in the treatment of cancer is still being conducted, one of them is by developing the marine natural resources as an anti-cancer drug. Sponges like the genus Xestospongia, are natural marine resources that have potential as anti-cancer. Thus,, this review aims to showing the potential of the genus Xestospongia as an anticancer. This review was carried out by collecting the literature from various databases from 2014 to 2019. Results obtained that marin sponge Xestospongia, including Xestospongia testudinaria, Xestospongia exigua, Xestospongia muta and Xestospongiawiedemayeri, were used as anticancer. These compounds such as Quinolizidine, Aragusterol, Araguspic and many more.Keywords— Xestospongia, anticancer, cytotoxicity Abstrak Penemuan obat baru dalam pengobatan kanker masih intensif dilakukan, salah satunya dengan pengembangan sumber daya alam laut sebagai obat anti kanker. Spons seperti genus Xestospongia, merupakan sumber daya alam laut yang memiliki potensi sebagai anti kanker. Oleh karena itu, review ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan potensispons genus Xestospongia sebagai antikanker. Review ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan pustaka dari berbagai database dari tahun 2014 hingga 2019. Hasil yang didapatkan bahwa spesies dari Xestospongia seperti Xestospongia testudinaria, Xestospongia exigua, Xestospongia muta dan Xestospongia wiedemayeri tercatat berpotensi sebagai antikanker. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut seperti Quinolizidine, Aragusterol, Araguspic dan masih banyak lagi.Kata Kunci— Xestospongia, antikanker, sitotoksisitas
Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Sepatu Pada Home Industry Yap Yek Di Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Nurfitriyenni Nurfitriyenni 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the chosen marketing strategy in increasing shoe sales at Yap Yek Home Industry in Bukittinggi. Technical analysis of data using the SWOT method, namely analysis of the factors of strength (strength), as well as knowing weaknesses. Meanwhile, analysis of external factors must be able to determine the opportunity (opportunity), and also know the threat (treat) by filling out a questionnaire. After that, these factors are analyzed using the IFE matrix, EFE matrix, SWOT matrix, and weight-score table analysis.

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the marketing strategy used by Yap Yek's home industry with the highest total weight score on the Strenghts-Opportunities (S-O) strategy is 3.87. By optimizing the strength to take advantage of existing opportunities. Namely maintaining and improving product quality to attract new customers and retain existing customers, making constant innovations in products, especially in design and color to attract more consumers to use shoe products, maximizing marketing of owned leather shoe products, especially during the holiday season, following every major events and events such as the exhibition of industrial products by providing a bigger discount.

Keywords: Marketing Strategy, Sales, SWOT Analysis.
[A Retrospective Analysis of The Arrival of Islam to India and Its Impact on Regional Geopolitics] Analisis Retrospektif Kemasukan Islam ke India dan Impaknya Terhadap Geopolitik Serantau
Authors: Abul Hassan Ashari Mohamad Zulfazdlee , Azraai Jamsari Ezad , Mohd Nor Mohd Roslan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

The Indian subcontinent is one of the first regions into which Islam entered since the era of the Righteous Caliphs. The Indian territory also witnessed the advancement of Islamic civilization due to the emergence of Islamic powers in the area. Nevertheless, the historical accounts of Islam’s entry into India which focused more on futuhat (Islamic expansion) movements gave rise to the view that Islam came to the region only through expansionist policies. In light of those, this study aims to examine Islam’s expansion into India and its impact on the geopolitics of the region. In general, this study used a qualitative research method via approaches of historical study and content analysis in collecting and analyzing information from the relevant primary and secondary sources. The findings of the study showed that the spread of Islam into the Indian territory was achieved via two ways, namely by trade and by futuhat. The wise approach and good conduct of Muslim preachers, traders and armies towards the local communities enabled the spread of Islam to India. Furthermore, India was also host to the emergence of a number of Islamic kingdoms, beginning from the Ghaznavid dominion to the emergence of the Mughal Kingdom.

Keywords: Futuhat, Umayyad-era India, Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, Arab-Indian trade, Islamic military history

Abstrak

Wilayah India merupakan antara kawasan yang awal menerima Islam, iaitu sejak era Khulafa’ al-Rashidin. Wilayah India turut menyaksikan perkembangan tamadun Islam disebabkan kemunculan kuasa Islam di kawasan berkenaan. Namun begitu, naratif sejarah kemasukan Islam ke India yang lebih tertumpu kepada gerakan futuhat telah menimbulkan pandangan bahawa Islam datang ke wilayah tersebut hanya melalui futuhat. Sehubungan itu, makalah ini bertujuan meneliti kemasukan ke India dan impaknya terhadap geopolitik di wilayah berkenaan. Secara keseluruhannya, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kualitatif menerusi pendekatan kajian sejarah dan analisis kandungan dalam mengumpul serta menganalisis maklumat daripada sumber-sumber utama dan sekunder yang relevan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kemasukan Islam ke wilayah India ialah menerusi dua cara, iaitu perdagangan dan futuhat. Pendekatan berhikmah dan layanan baik daripada golongan pendakwah, pedagang dan tentera Islam terhadap masyarakat tempatan telah memungkinkan penyebaran Islam ke India. Tambahan pula, India turut menjadi tapak kemunculan kerajaan-kerajaan Islam yang lain, bermula dari penguasaan Kerajaan Ghaznawi hingga kemunculan Kerajaan Mughal.

Kata kunci: Futuhat, India era Umawi, Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, perdagangan Arab-India, sejarah ketenteraan Islam
Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 dengan Pemberlakuan Perilaku 3M
Authors: Kuswoyo Dedy 
Published: July 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 saat ini menjadi masalah kesehatan terbesar di dunia. Kampanye 3M merupakan satu paket protokol kesehatan untuk mencegah penularan COVID-19. Tujuan Kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan pemberlakuan perilaku 3M yaitu Mencuci tangan, Memakai masker, Menjaga jarak dalam pencegahan penularan COVID-19 di Pesantren Surya Yogyakarta. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan penyampaian materi melalui power point dan pembagian leaflet kepada 78 peserta kegiatan di Pesantren Surya Yogyakarta. Hasil dari kegiatan ini peserta mampu menyampaikan beberapa pertanyaan dan berdiskusi secara antusias tentang tata cara pemberlakuan protokol kesehatan sesuai aturan yang berlaku, dari mencuci tangan, memakai masker dan menjaga jarak.
Changes in the immune status of patients with metastatic solid tumors during stereotactic radiation therapy: dependence on dose and amount of irradiated metastasis
Authors: Zozulia Anton , Baldueva Irina , Novikov Sergei , Girdiuk Dmitrii , Emelianova Natalia , Tyuryaeva Elena , Fedosova Elena , Antipov Filipp , Arsenev Andrei , Korobova Irina , Girshovich Mikhail , Kanaev Sergey , Belyaev Aleksey 
Published: July 2021

Purpose. To evaluate immunological status in patients with metastatic forms of solid tumors before and at different intervals after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of metastatic lesions depending on the dose and the number of irradiated metastasis.
Materials and methods. A quantitative assessment and analysis of blood immunological parameters was conducted before irradiation, via 3-4 weeks and via 6-8 weeks after SBRT in patients with malignant tumors with oligometastases in the liver and lungs, in groups with a total focal dose (TFD ≤ 45 Gy ) and TFD> 45 Gy, and also in groups with irradiation of one metastases and two or more. All peripheral blood samples were analyzed by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Friedman and Nemenyi criteria.
Results. 3-4 weeks after the end of SBRT, when using higher doses (TFD> 45 Gy), we observed statistically significant increase of T-lymphocytes (CD3+CD19-); T-helpers (CD3+CD4+); activated T-helpers (CD3+CD4+HLA-DR+); activated cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD3+СD8+HLA-DR+). Decreasing of B-lymphocytes (CD3+CD19-) was observed in both dose groups (TFD ≤ 45 Gy and TFD > 45 Gy). We also noted the activation of the T-cell link of immunity both in the group with irradiation of one metastatic lesion, and in the group where 2 or more metastases were exposed to irradiation.
Conclusion. Using of higher doses of SBRT is associated with a more activated antitumor T-cell immune response, while the analysis of groups of patients with different ammount of irradiated metastasis currently requires further research.