bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of 4E Performance of A Vertical Bifacial Solar Module During Summer and Winter
Authors: Muthu Vimala , Ramadas Geetha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The proposed research work presents the performance analysis of vertically mounted bifacial module (VBFM) with and without tracking during summer and winter season. Also various parameters like Energy Efficiency, Electrical Efficiency, Electrical Exergy, Thermal Exergy, Exergy Efficiency, Environmental analysis, Economic analysis, Exergo-Economic analysis, Enviro-Economic analysis and Exergo-Enviro-Economic analysis of VBFM were studied and presented. The comparative analysis was carried out between two Bifacial solar modules installed in two different orientations (East-West and South – North). The experiments were conducted in the real climatic condition of Minjur, Tamilnadu, India. Under the summer and winter climatic condition, when the life time period of 10, 15 and 20 years are considered higher Energy production factor and higher Life cycle conversion efficiency was obtained from VBFM-EW with tracking during summer and VBFM-SN module without tracking during winter season. Exergetic cost was calculated by considering 15, 20, 25 and 30 years of the system with 2 %, 5% and 10% Interest rate. The maximum exergetic cost was obtained from 30 years of the system under 2 % Interest rate. The Enviro-economic and Exergo-Enviro-Economic analysis provides the carbon credits earned from E-W module was maximum with Rs. 11036.18 during summer season & Rs. 12413.48 from VBFM-SN module during winter season considering the life of the system as 15 years.
Development and Characterization of 177 SNP Markers in The Mud Shrimp Upogebia Major
Authors: Wang Lijun , Wang Chenghong , Song Yunqi , Zhang Jirui , Sun Donghui , Qu Ying , Ni Yan , Jiang Zilin , Zhang Shukui , Xing Zhikai , Wu Seng , Qu Jiangyong , Wang Xumin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The mud shrimp Upogebia major (De Haan, 1841) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Gebiidea) is an important species widely distributed in coastal shallow waters. As an active initiation species, it has contributed significantly to the maintenance of coastal benthic biodiversity. However, there is still a lack of effective molecular markers to effectively protect and manage this species. In this study, we used the DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit to extract DNA and Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing technology to obtain SNP marker resources. 177 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were developed and characterized in U. major. The minor allele frequency raged from 0.0500 to 0.5000. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.0333 to 0.9000 and from 0.0966 to 0.5085, respectively. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.0905 to 0.3750. The inbreeding coefficient values varied from − 0.2902 to 0.5968. Seventeen loci showed significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05). The polymorphic SNPs will be helpful for the further population genetic analysis and natural resource conservation of U. major.
A lipid droplet-peroxisome network drives longevity by monounsaturated fatty acids via modulating ether lipid synthesis and ferroptosis
Authors: Brunet Anne , Papsdorf Katharina , Hosseini Amir , Miklas Jason , Cabruja Matias , Yu Yong , Murphy Luke Meraz , Silva-Garcia Carlos , Yao Pallas , de Launoit Elisa , Mair William , Wang Meng , Snyder Michael 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Dietary mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) are linked to human longevity and extend lifespan in several species1-12. But the mechanisms by which MUFAs promote longevity remain unclear. Here we show that an organelle hub involving lipid droplets and peroxisomes is critical for lifespan extension by MUFAs in C. elegans. MUFA accumulation increases lipid droplet number in fat storage tissues, and lipid droplet synthesis is necessary for MUFA-mediated longevity. Interestingly, the number of lipid droplets in young individuals can predict their remaining lifespan. MUFA accumulation also increases the number of peroxisomes, and peroxisome activity is required for MUFA-mediated longevity. By performing a targeted screen, we uncover a functional network between lipid droplets and peroxisomes in longevity. Interestingly, our screen also identifies ether lipids as critical components of the lipid droplet-peroxisome network. Using lipidomics, we find that the ratio of MUFAs to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in ether lipids is increased by MUFA accumulation. Ether lipids are involved in ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death13-17, and MUFAs promote longevity in part via suppression of ferroptosis. Our results identify a mechanism of action for MUFAs to extend lifespan and uncover an organelle network involved in the homeostasis of MUFA-rich ether lipids. Our work also opens new avenues for lipid-based interventions to delay aging.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Induces E-Cadherin Cleavage in Acid-Exposed Primary Human Pharyngeal Epithelial Cells Via The ROS/ERK/c-Jun Pathway
Authors: IM Nu-Ri , Kim Byoungjae , Jung Kwang-Yoon , Baek Seung-Kuk 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is caused by pharyngeal mucosal damage due to the reflux of gastric contents, including acid, pepsin, and bile juice. Our previous study has demonstrated that LPRD is associated with the cleavage of E-cadherin, which is facilitated by the acid-activated matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7); however, the mechanism by which the acid activates MMP-7 remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which MMP-7 is activated in the pharyngeal epithelial cells that are exposed to acid. Methods The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in the epithelial cells exposed to acid. To investigate the signaling mechanism of ROS in the expression of MMP-7, the mechanism of action of the mitogen-activated protein kinase was examined. The expression of various signaling factors were determined, according to the presence or absence of each inhibitor in the acid-exposed pharyngeal epithelial cells. To identify changes in the cleavage of E-cadherin, the integrity of the mucosal membrane was assessed using a transepithelial permeability test.ResultsWe found that acid exposure increased the levels of ROS, phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) 1/2, and phosphorylated-c-Jun (p-c-Jun) in pharyngeal epithelial cells. The ROS inhibitor reduced the expression of p-ERK and MMP-7, while the ERK inhibitor reduced the expression of p-c-Jun and MMP-7. Moreover, the c-Jun inhibitor reduced the expression of MMP-7 and blocked the degradation of E-cadherin. In addition, decrease in the levels of immunostained E-cadherin and increase in transepithelial permeability after acid exposure were collectively alleviated by the inhibitors of ROS, ERK, and c-Jun. Conclusions The degradation of E-cadherin that occurs after human mucosal cells are exposed to acid appears to be caused by an increase in the expression of MMP-7 via the ROS/ERK/c-Jun pathway, which is thought to be an important mechanism associated with the development of LPRD.
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in a Patient With Situs Inversus Totalis: A Case Report
Authors: Oi Atsushi , Tatsuishi Wataru , Mohara Jun , Yamamoto Toshikuni , Abe Tomonobu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting in situs inversus totalis patients has been seldom reported in the literature. Case presentation: A 76-year-old woman visited our hospital for chest pain and dyspnea that had started about 5 years earlier. Coronary angiography revealed triple-vessel disease, and computed tomography showed situs inversus totalis. Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed. In this case, the main operating surgeon stood on the right side of the patient until cardiopulmonary bypass was established and then switched positions to the left side of the patient for anastomosis.Conclusion: CABG was successfully completed in a patient with situs inversus totalis. The position shift helped improve the safety and ease of the surgery.
Heat Inactivation of Clinical COVID-19 Samples on an Industrial Scale for Low Risk and Efficient High-throughput qRT-PCR Diagnostic Testing
Authors: Delpuech Oona , Douthwaite Julie , Hill Thomas , Niranjan Dhevahi , Malintan Nancy , Duvoisin Hannah , Elliott Jane , Goodfellow Ian , Hosmillo Myra , Orton Alexandra , Taylor Molly , Brankin Christopher , Pitt Haidee , Ross-Thriepland Douglas , Siek Magdalena , Cuthbert Anna , Richards Ian , Ferdinand John , Barker Colin , Shaw Robert , Ariani Cristina , Waddell Ian , Rees Steve , Green Clive , Clark Roger , Upadhyay Abhishek , Howes Rob 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We report the development of a large scale process for heat inactivation of clinical COVID-19 samples prior to laboratory processing for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR. With more than 120 million confirmed cases, over 3.8 million deaths already recorded at the time of writing, COVID-19 continues to spread in many parts of the world. Consequently, mass testing for SARS-CoV-2 will remain at the forefront of the COVID-19 response and prevention for the near future. Due to biosafety considerations the standard testing process requires a significant amount of manual handling of patient samples within calibrated microbiological safety cabinets. This makes the process expensive, effects operator ergonomics and restricts testing to higher containment level laboratories. We have successfully modified the process by using industrial catering ovens for bulk heat inactivation of oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab samples within their secondary containment packaging before processing in the lab to enable all subsequent activities to be performed in the open laboratory. As part of a validation process, we tested greater than 1200 clinical COVID-19 samples and showed less than 1 Cq loss in RT-qPCR test sensitivity. We also demonstrate the bulk heat inactivation protocol inactivates a murine surrogate of human SARS-CoV-2. Using bulk heat inactivation, the assay is no longer reliant on containment level 2 facilities and practices, which reduces cost, improves operator safety and ergonomics and makes the process scalable. In addition, heating as the sole method of virus inactivation is ideally suited to streamlined and more rapid workflows such as ‘direct to PCR’ assays that do not involve RNA extraction or chemical neutralisation methods.
Selective oxidative protection leads to tissue topological changes orchestrated by macrophage during ulcerative colitis
Authors: Du Juan , Zhang Junlei , Cao Xiaocang , Wang Xun , Song Jinyuan , Wang Lin , Zhang Jie , Tang Jianghui , Wu Jiangchao , Ji Yongtao , Zhao Yaxing , Cheng Fei , Li Jun , Soncin Irene , Tano Vincent , Li Guang , Liu Xinjuan , Sheng Jianpeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder with highly cellular heterogeneity. Mass cytometry(Cy-TOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have revealed cellular heterogeneity of UC. However, comprehensive elucidation of tissue topological changes within the UC ecosystem is still missing. And we aimed to illustrate compositional and spatial changes of the UC ecosystem.Methods: Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and scRNA-seq were applied to depict the single-cell landscape of colon ecosystem.Results: We noticed tissue topological changes featured with macrophage disappearance reaction (MDR) in UC region. MDR only occurred for CD163+ tissue-resident macrophages. We found reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were higher in UC region but ROS scavenging enzyme SOD1/2 were barely detected in resident macrophages, resulting selective oxidative protection for inflammatory macrophages and resident macrophage disappearance reaction. Furthermore, inflammatory macrophages replaced resident macrophages during UC, which played a key role in forming the inflammatory cellular network by producing TNF-α and IL-1β. Conclusions: Our study dissected the microenvironment of UC lesions at single-cell resolution while preserving its architecture, based on which, we discovered the mechanism of MDR in UC region and resident macrophage specific MDR resulted in infiltration of inflammatory macrophage, which formed the cytokine producing network within the local cellular neighborhood.
Hem1 promotes osteoclast fusion and bone resorption in mice
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Shao Lijian , Warren Aaron , Krager Kimberly , Aykin-Burns Nukhet , Hromas Robert , Zhou Daohong , Almeida Maria , Kim Ha-Neui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hem1 (Hematopoietic protein 1), a hematopoietic cell-specific member of the Hem family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins, is essential for lymphopoiesis and innate immunity and for the transition of hematopoiesis from the fetal liver to the bone marrow. However, the role of Hem1 in bone cell differentiation and bone remodeling is unknown. Here, we show that deletion of Hem1 resulted in a markedly increase in bone mass due to defective bone resorption in mice of both sexes. Hem1-deficient osteoclast progenitors were able to differentiate into osteoclasts, but the osteoclasts exhibited impaired osteoclast fusion and decreased bone-resorption activity, potentially due to cytoskeletal disorganization and decreased mitochondrial respiration. Transplantation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from wild-type into Hem1 KO mice increased bone resorption and normalized bone mass. These findings indicate that Hem1 plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of normal bone mass.
Glasgow Aneursym Score: A Predictor of Long-Term Mortality Following Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
Authors: Özen Anıl , Yılmaz Metin , Yiğit Görkem , Civelek İsa , Türkçü Mehmet Ali , Çetinkaya Ferit , Ünal Ertekin Utku , İşcan Hakkı Zafer 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the value of Glasgow Aneurysm Score (GAS) in predicting long-term mortality and survival in patients who have undergone endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
Methods
A retrospective single-center study of 257 patients with non-ruptured AAA undergoing EVAR between January 2013 and 2021. GAS scores were compared between the survivors and the long term mortality groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimum cut-off values of GAS values to determine the effect on late-mortality.
Results
257 patients with a mean age of 69.75 ± 7.75 (46–92) underwent EVAR due to AAA. Forty-nine mortalities were observed, 4 (1.5%) were in-hospital mortalities. Fourty-five (17.8%) of the mortalities occured during the long-term follow-up. The average follow up period was 18.98 ± 22.84 months (0–88). GAS values were higher in the long-term mortality group compared to the survivors group (81.02 ± 10.33 vs 73.73 ± 10.46; p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for GAS was 0.682 and for a 56% sensitivity rate, the cut-off value for GAS was 77.5 with a specificity of 64% (p < 0.001). The number of patients with GAS values < 77.5 was 155, whilst 98 had GAS values > 77.5. The mortality rates in patients with GAS < 77.5 and GAS > 77.5 were: 12.8% (n = 20) and 24.8% (n = 25), respectively (p = 0.014). Every 1 point increase in GAS score resulted in a 1.06 fold increase in risk of late mortality (OR: 1.06, 95% CI, 1.03–1.09; p < 0.001). Moreover, every 10 point increase in GAS score resulted in almost a 2 fold increase in risk of long-term mortality (OR: 1.8, 95% CI, 1.3–2.5; p < 0.001). The mean survival rate of the patients during the follow up period was 90.6% for the 1st year, 82.6% for the 3rd year and 70.0% for the 5th year. Five year survival rates in patients with GAS < 77.5 and > 77.5 were 75.7% and 61.7%, respectively (p = 0.013).
Conclusion
Every 10 point increase in GAS score resulted in almost a 2 fold increase in risk of long-term mortality. Moreover, the mortality rates in patients above the GAS cut off value almost doubled compared to those below. Five year survival rates were 14% higher in those with GAS below the cut off value when compared to those above.
Stereodivergent Propargylic Alkylation of Enals via Cooperative NHC and Copper Catalysis
Authors: Wen Yu-Hua , Zhang Zi-Jing , Li Shuai , Song Jin , Gong Liu-Zhu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Despite that asymmetric stereodivergent synthesis has experienced great success to provide unusual processes for the creation of chirality complexity, concepts appliable to asymmetric stereodivergent catalysis are still limited. The dependence on the unusual capacity of each catalyst to precisely control the reactive site planar in the region poses unparalleled constraint on this field. Here, we first demonstrate that the chiral Cu-allenylidene species can participate in the stereodivergent propargylic alkylation of enals, in concert with chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). Thus, all four stereoisomers were obtained with excellent enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity (up to >99% e.e. and >95:5 d.r.) from the same starting materials by simply altering chiral Cu-Pybox complex and NHC combinations. The rich chemistry workable in the products enables the structurally diverse synthesis of chiral functional molecules and holds great potential in alkaloid synthesis, as showcased by the preparation of the key building block to access (-)-perophpramidine.
Optimization of a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Municipal Solid Waste Collection Using an Intelligence Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm
Authors: Wongsinlatam Wullapa , Thanasate-angkool Ayuwat 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The study of sustainable management of municipal solid waste (MSW) collection has been increasing in recent years. However, the focus areas of research are mostly in the economics and environmental dimensions. This paper adds social aspects of MSW into considerations to accelerate more comprehensive decision making. The consideration on the capacity and fixed costs of vehicles, the distances from depot to the disposal facilities are determined in this paper. The environmental issues relating to fuel consumption, carbon emissions, and the evaluation of social impact from the penalty costs of imbalanced trip assignments are also determined to adopt a comprehensive solution to the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) model. Then, the optimization model of MSW collection is proposed to minimize management costs which compose of the fixed costs of vehicles, fuel consumption costs, carbon emissions costs, and penalty costs.
In this paper, two metaheuristic techniques are used to optimization the CVRP model in the MSW collection system. A new metaheuristic algorithm, called an intelligence hybrid harmony search algorithm (IHHS), is proposed in comparison with the standard harmony search (SHS) algorithm. The result shows that the IHHS algorithm can obtain the global optimal solution and can minimize the total objective function for the CVRP model.
Metagenomic views of microbial communities in sand sediments associated with coral reefs
Authors: Dong Xiyang , Lan Haoyu , Huang Liangtian , Zhang Haikun , Lin Xianbiao , Weng Shengze , Peng Yongyi , Lin Jia , Wang Jiang-hai , Peng Juan , Yang Ying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Reef sediments, the home for microbes with high abundances, provide an important source of carbonates and nutrients for the growth and maintenance of coral reefs. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the composition of microbial community in sediments of different coral reef sites and the effect of microbial functional capabilities on the coral reef ecosystem. In combination of biogeochemical measurements and metagenomics, we assessed microbial community compositions and functional diversity, as well as profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in surface sediments of 16 coral reef sites from the Xisha islands in the South China Sea. Reef sediment microbiomes are diverse and novel at lower taxonomic ranks, dominated by Proteobacteria and Planctomycetota. Most reef sediment bacteria potentially participate in biogeochemical cycling via oxidizing various organic and inorganic compounds as energy sources. High abundances of Proteobacteria (mostly Rhizobiales and Woeseiales) are metabolically flexible and contain rhodopsin genes. Various classes of antibiotic resistance genes, hosted by diverse bacterial lineages, were identified to confer resistance to multidrug, aminoglycoside, and other antibiotics. Overall, by establishing a compressive microbial genome database, our findings expanded the understanding of reef sediment microbial ecology and provided insights for their link to the coral reef ecosystem health.
Maize Response to Blended Fertilizer Estimates through Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economic Analysis from Assosa, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Fayisa Bakala Anbessa , Jibat Girma Abera , Abdella Sofiya Kasa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Context: Soil fertility depletion and soil acidity are critical problems for maize (Zea mays L) production in western Ethiopia. Objective: Therefore, a field experiment was conducted on Nitisols of Assosa Agricultural Research Centre during 2016 to2017 cropping season to investigate the response of growth, yield and nutrient use efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) to different blended fertilizer rates and types. Methods: The treatments consists of: control, three rates of N and P combined (92/46, 115/57 and 138/69 N/P2O5 kg ha− 1 and two formula of blended fertilizers with different rates, formula 2 consists of 100 kg NPSB + 73.9 N, 150 kg NPSB + 110.8 N and 200 kg NPSB + 147.8 N kg ha− 1 and formula 4 consists of 100 kg NPSZnB + 75.1 N, 150 kg NPSZnB + 112.6 N 1 and 200 kg NPSZnB + 150.2 N kg ha− 1. The treatments were laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Result and and conclusion: Application of blended fertilizers (NPSB, NPSZnB) hastened days to tasseling silking and maturity by 10, 7 and 15 days, respectively as compared to combined N and P rates. Application of blended fertilizer increases significantly (p ≤ 0.01) the plant height, cob weight, ear length, 100 kernels weight, number of kernels per row and ear height as compared to combined N and P and the control. The analysis of variance revealed that fertilizer types and rates significantly (P ≤ 0.01) affected on grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. However there was no significant difference between the two blended fertilizer types. Maximum grain yield (7056.2 kg ha− 1 ) was recorded with 200 Kg NPSZnB + 150.2 N kg ha− 1 application, while minimum grain yield 2996.0 kg ha− 1 was recorded from control treatment. The application of 150 kg NPSB + 110.8 N kg ha− 1had highest Marginal rate of return (MRR%) and net benefit. Significance: Therefore, we recommended the treatment (150 Kg NPSB + 110.8N kg ha− 1) since it produced high marginal rate of return, high net benefit and relatively small total cost of production, for maize production in Asossa area. Furthermore, based on yield, net benefit and relatively low total cost of production the farmer of Asossa area also can use 150 kg NPSZnB + 112.6 N in case of absence of NPSB in market.