bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Relationship Between Patent Foramen Ovale and White Matter Lesions in Migraine Patients
Authors: Huo Junyan , Wan Mengxia , Li Nan , Wang Juan , Cai Xiao , Fan Dongsheng , Fu Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Migraine is a common clinical primary headache with unclear aetiology. In recent years, studies have shown that migraine is related to patent foramen ovale, and some patients with migraine have white matter lesions. However, the relationship among the three is unclear.Objective To explore the characteristics of white matter lesions (WMLs) in migraine patients with patent foramen ovale and to predict the occurrence of patent foramen ovale through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics in patients with migraine.Methods Seventy-seven patients clinically diagnosed with migraine were examined by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (cTCD) and MRI. The patients were grouped according to the presence of WMLs, with matching by age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, PFO and other characteristic data. We observed the MRI fluid attenuation inversion recovery sequence (FLAIR) image and compared and analysed the difference in WMLs between the PFO-positive group and the PFO-negative group.Results There were 42 cases and 35 cases of migraine with and without WMLs, respectively. A statistically significant difference in near-cortical WMLs with PFO in migraine patients was observed (P=0.001). Logistic regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, hypertension and diabetes identified PFO status as the sole determinant for the presence of near-cortical WMLs (OR = 0.14; 95%CI 0.045–0.421; p < 0.001)Conclusion Near-cortical white matter lesions in migraine patients are related to PFO. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography may reveal more PFO in patients with migraine and near-cortical WMLs.
Spinopelvic sagittal imbalance is risky for development of proximal instrumented fracture after posterior instrumentation.
Authors: Liao Jen-Chung , Chen Wen-Jer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds:

Postoperative fracture of the upper instrumented vertebrae (UIV) is thought to be as fracture type of proximal junctional failure (PJF), which usually needs revision surgery for salvage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of spinopelvic parameters, such as the pelvic incidence (PI) angles, sacral slope (SS) angles, and pelvic tilt (PT), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and proximal local kyphosis (PLK) angle on the development of fracture type of proximal junctional failure after posterior instrumentation.
Methods

This was a retrospective 1:3 matched case-control cohort study: 24 patients in the study group and 72 patients in the control group. The weighted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and bone mineral density (BMD) with T score were recorded. In addition to spinopelvic parameters, PI-LL and spinopelvic realignment score were calculated.
Results

More comorbidities (CCI, p = 0.002), poorer bone density (T score, p = 0.001) were noted in the study group. Before surgery, the study group had significantly lower LL (p = 0.046), SS (p = 0.043), and significantly higher PLK (p < 0.001), PT (p = 0.044) than the control group. Postoperatively, the study group had significantly higher PLK (p < 0.001 ) and lower LL (p = 0.031) than the control group; the degree of PI-LL ( p = 0.007) remained significantly higher in the study group. Both preoperative (p = 0.026) and postoperative (p = 0.045) spinopelvic realignment scores was worse in the study goup.
Conclusions

Preoperative and postoperative lower LL/spinopelvic realignment score, and higher PLK/PI-LL were significantly associated with instrumented fracture at upper instrumented vertebrae. An appropriate LL and a lower PLK should be obtained at surgery to prevent the development of instrumented fracture.
Analysis of bailout procedure in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis
Authors: Nagata Shigeyuki , Kai Seiichiro , Korenaga Daisuke , Mori Masaki , Toyota Satoshi , Orita Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 recommend a bailout procedure consisting of fundus-first cholecystectomy, subtotal cholecystectomy, or open conversion to prevent serious complications in cases of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).Methods: The hospital records of patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent LC from October 2014 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data were compared between the standard and bailout groups. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare the fundus-first and subtotal cholecystectomy techniques versus open conversion.Results: In total, 160 of 416 Japanese patients who underwent LC were diagnosed with acute cholecystitis. Standard LC was performed in 125 (78%) patients, and a bailout procedure was performed in 35 (22%). The duration from onset to surgery was significantly longer (P = 0.04) and the C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was significantly higher (P = 0.001) in the bailout than standard group. The surgical outcomes were worse in the bailout group. In the multivariate analysis, a high CRP concentration at diagnosis was an independent predictor of bailout (P = 0.004). In the subgroup analysis, the open group had a significantly longer duration from onset to surgery (P = 0.04) and a significantly higher incidence of preoperative drainage (P = 0.002). With respect to surgical outcomes, the open group had significantly greater blood loss (P = 0.02) and longer hospital stays (P = 0.002). Conclusion: A high CRP concentration is a risk factor for a bailout procedure. Early LC should be performed for patients with acute cholecystitis and a high CRP concentration.
Health Care Seeking Behavior of Obstetric Danger Signs and its Associated Factors Among Pregnant and Delivered Mothers in Kewot District, North Shoa Zone, Amara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tadesse Daniel , Eshete Akine , Mamo Tadesse , Mohammed Sadat 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Many mothers died due to preventable causes in developing countries like Ethiopia. so, this study aims to assess the healthcare-seeking behavior of obstetric danger signs among pregnant and delivered mothers in 1 year before the study period in Kewot districts. Method: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study design supplemented by qualitative technique was conducted from April 20 -April 30, 2019, in the Kewot district. Pregnant and delivered mothers were selected by systematic random sampling technique and interviewed with a response rate of 98.2%, Using purposive sampling 3 key-informants and 5 mothers were selected for in-depth interview of a qualitative study. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21 and the logistic regressions model was applied to identify the associated factors. Results: A total of 363 participants were involved in the study. Among participants, 211(58.1 %) at (95% CI; CI: 53.7%-63.1%) were sought appropriate health care action. Women who have ANC follow up (AOR=1.735,95%CI:1.107-2.721), knowledgeable about danger sign, (AOR=2.430,95 % CI:1.360-4.342), the decision for own health care seeking (AOR=2.514,95% CI:1.130-5.501), and women who cannot able to judge graveness of condition (AOR=0.509,95% CI:0.302-0.859) were significantly associated with appropriate healthcare-seeking behavior.Conclusion: Having antenatal care follow up, knowledge about danger signs, inability to judge the graveness of conditions and inability to decide alone for own health care were factors that prevent appropriate health care seeking action. So, there should be health information dissemination about danger signs for every pregnant mother in the catchment area and during their visit to health institutions.
Synergistic Effects of Contaminants in Lombardy Waters
Authors: Porta Caterina La , Fumagalli Maria , Gomarasca Stefano , Lionetti Maria , Zapperi Stefano , Bocchi Stefano 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Quantifying synergistic environmental effects in water contamination is still an open issue. Here, we have analyzed geolocalized data of pollutants recorded in 2018 in surface and groundwater of Lombardia, one of the areas with the highest agricultural production rates, not only in Italy, but also in Europe. Both herbicides and insecticides are present at concentration levels above the legal limit, mainly in surface waters. Geolocalizated analysis allows us to identify interesting areas particularly affected by a combination of multiple pesticides. We thus investigated possible synergistic effects of these compounds on the environment, using the alga C. reinhardtii as a biosensor. Our results show that exposure for 7 days to four compounds, that we found present together at high concentration in surface waters, was able to induce a stress in the algae, as indicated by the presence of palmelloids. Our work results in a pipeline that could easily be exported to monitor other territories in Italy and abroad.
Research and Clinical Significance of the Differentially Expressed Genes TP63 and LMO4 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-related Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xue Wenrui , Zheng Xin , Hu Xiaopeng , Zhang Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To study the differential gene expression and clinical significance in HIVIIs (human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals) with penile squamous cell carcinoma.Methods: At our hospital from 2019 to 2020, we selected 6 samples of HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma for the experimental group and 6 samples of non-HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma for the control group. Transcriptome sequencing of sample mRNAs was performed by high-throughput sequencing. Differential gene expression analysis, differential GO (Gene Ontology) enrichment analysis and differential KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis were carried out, and the RPKM (reads per kilobase per million reads) value was used as a measure of gene expression.Results: A total of 2418 differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 663 were upregulated and 1755 were downregulated (absolute value of logFC >1.0 and p value<0.05 FDR < 0.05). On the basis of the significance of the GO enrichment analysis, we found that the TP63 (tumor protein p63) gene was significantly upregulated and that the LMO4 (LIM domain only 4) gene was significantly downregulated in the experimental group compared with the control group. KEGG pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that DNA replication was the most significant pathway associated with the upregulated genes and CAM (cell adhesion molecule) metabolism was the most significant pathway associated with the downregulated genes.Conclusions: The gene expression profiles of HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma and non-HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma are significantly different and involve significant GO enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathways, and this is very meaningful for the study of NADCs (non-AIDS-defining cancers). Differential expression of genes may be an important target for the prevention of penile squamous cell carcinoma in HIVIIs.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between quality of first marriage and subjective health assessment in older Chinese residents
Authors: Guan Ming , Guan Hongyi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: First marriage was vital for a common person in all-life, and there were concerns that marital quality had relationship with self-reported health and quality of life (SRH and SRQoL), health change, and sleep quality. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between subjective health assessment and quality of first marriage to characterize the stability and directionality of the trajectory of marriage- health over time.Methods: Data were from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Chinese elders completed surveys across 3 waves (2008/2009, 2011/2012, and 2014). Using autoregressive cross-lagged models, bidirectional relationships between SRH, SRQoL, health change, sleep quality, and quality of first marriage over time were examined.Results: Cross-sectional analysis confirmed the significant associations between SRH, SRQoL, health change, sleep quality, and quality of first marriage. Autoregressive linear models of SRH, SRQoL, health change, sleep quality, and quality of first marriage were confirmed. Cross-lagged relationship between SRQoL and SRH, between SRQoL and sleep quality, between SRQoL and health change, between SRH and sleep quality, between quality of first marriage and SRQoL, and between sleep quality and health change were confirmed. Conclusions: Subjective health assessment was associated with future subjective health assessment across 3 longitudinal waves. Quality of first marriage might be influenced by SRQoL among older Chinese. Future research needs to examine influencing psychological mechanism of the cross-lagged relationships.
Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans: Social Determinants, Survival and Costs
Authors: Dismuke-Greer Clara , Gujral Kritee , Egede Leonard 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a signature injury from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts as well as an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States. Using a cohort of over 400,000 veterans with and without TBI, odds of TBI diagnosis by socio-demographics and clinical factors, along with the association of a TBI diagnosis with veteran survival were estimated for 15 years. Annual Veterans Health Administration (VHA) costs associated with a TBI diagnosis over a 14-year period were estimated per veteran. METHODS: 291,015 veterans without TBI and 181,521 veterans with TBI were followed from FY 2000 through FY2015 for comorbidities and survival. Veterans were followed through FY2014 for costs and adjusted to 2019 for inflation. Logit models were estimated to examine the association of veteran socio-demographics and clinical factors with the odds of a TBI diagnosis. Cox proportional hazard model was estimated to examine the covariate-adjusted association of TBI with survival. Generalized linear and seemingly unrelated regression models were used to estimate the association of TBI with annual per veteran VHA costs. RESULTS: Non-Hispanic Blacks (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.81:1.88), Hispanic (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.88:2.00)), and veterans with high numbers of mental (OR 5.83; 95% CI 5.68:5.98) and physical comorbidities (OR 2.47; 95% CI 2.42:2.52) had higher likelihood of having TBI. Veterans with TBI were 1.2 times more likely to die and had higher total annual costs by $19,808 (95% CI $13,900: $25,715), with a similar pattern for all component cost categories. CONCLUSIONS: Racial/Ethnic minorities have a higher likelihood of TBI. TBI is associated with increased death and annual health care costs. These results will inform decision-making by military leaders and policymakers regarding the harmful health impacts and higher health care services burden of TBI that may affect a large portion of military personnel.
Kaempferol reversals retinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury through activating of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Da , Shang Fusheng , Chen Dagui , Wang Wenwen , lin lili 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with many ocular diseases, including acute glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vascular occlusion. However, currently there are no effective medications to prevent the development ofretinal IR injury.Kaempferol is a kind of plant extract which has showed an excellent ability to inhibit the inflammation..

Materials and Methods

In this study, both in vitro and in vivo retinaloxidative damage models were established.Cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry analysis.Atherosclerotic lesion analysis was performed using hematoxylin-eosin staining,The expressions of Inflammatory cytokines were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA respectively.The effect of expression of apoptosis、utophagy and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway related pathway was evaluated by Western blot.

Results

We found kaempferol was able to protect the viability of ARPE-19 cells against oxidative damage by reducing its apoptosis. In addition, it also kept structurally complete epithelium, stroma and endothelium of cornea after oxidative damage. Moreover, it also able to reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines.Kaempferol was able to enhanced the expression of anti-apoptotic genes BCL-2, and reduced the expression of autophagy gene Beclin 1 and increased the expression of anti-autophagy gene LC-3,was also able to enhance the expression PI3K and the phosphorylation ofAkt andmTOR.

Conclusion

Kaempferolreversals retinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury through activating of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Weight and Abdominal Girth Predict Tidal Volume Requirement During Mechanical Ventilation for General Anaesthesia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shen Ying-yan , Chen Yan , Zhou Hong-mei , Li Qi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Evidence that tidal volume (TV) is related to age, height, weight, chest circumference, and abdominal girth exists. However, it is unclear which of these has the strongest association with TV. This study aimed to investigate the main factors associated with TV and determine a method for accurately predicting TV requirement during mechanical ventilation. Methods: From December 2019 to January 2021, we enrolled 133 patients who were scheduled for surgery. Their age, height, weight, abdominal girth, and chest circumference were recorded. Intraoperatively, at 30 minutes after mechanical ventilation during general anaesthesia, the TV was increased or decreased by 25 ml if the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was > 45 mmHg or < 35 mmHg, respectively. This was continued until we observed two consecutive PaCO2 values between 35 and 45 mmHg. The TV setting was recorded at this point. Linear regression and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: The data of 100 patients were analysed. Linear regression analysis showed significant univariate correlations between age, weight, height, abdominal girth, chest circumference, and TV requirement. (all P ≤ 0.049). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that weight and abdominal girth were key determinants of TV requirement (both P < 0.001). The adjusted R2 for the regression equation was 0.813. The regression equation for accurately predicting TV requirement was Y = 312 + 5.717X1 - 2.798X2 (Y, TV requirement; X1, weight; and X2, abdominal girth). Conclusion: TV requirement during mechanical ventilation for general anaesthesia can accurately be set based on weight and abdominal girth.
Quantitative High-resolution Computed tomography Analysis of Antisynthetase Syndrome with Interstitial Pneumonia
Authors: Li Xueren , Peng Shouchun , Wu Qi , Zhang Huarui , Feng Na , Zhang Yuhua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) combined with organizing pneumonia (OP) pattern has been confirmed in pathology or radiology. This study is to analyze the correlation between high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) quantitative indexes (QI) and pulmonary function test parameters (PFTs), and compare differences of HRCT patterns in Antisynthetase Syndrome with interstitial pneumonia (ASS-IP).Methods Data of ASS-IP patients admitted to respiratory department of Ping Jin hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.Results 21 ASS-IP patients were enrolled in this study and 3 patients were NSIP, 9 patients were OP and 8 patients were NSIP overlap OP (NSIP/OP) pattern. (1) Volume, Weight percentages of the extracted whole lung volume with attenuation values (V%, W %) and mean lung attenuation (MLA) of non-aerated area is 5.69%, 16.43% and -11.76 Hounsfield unit (Hu). Total MLA of attenuation values(MLAtotal) is -678.97 Hu.(2)FVC and MLA of poorly aerated（r=0.58,P=0.048）, FEV1 and MLA（r=0.79,P=0.001）of poorly aerated, FEV1/FVC（r=0.23,P=0.01） and MLA of normally lung aerated, have linear correlation .(3) DLCO (P=0.049), volume of poorly aerated (Vfibrosis%,P =0.03), and weight of hyper inflated (Whyper%,P=0.02) percentages, and MLAtotal (P=0.01) have significant statistic differences between patients with NSIP/OP or OP patterns, but the therapy improvement time(P=0.41) had no difference. Conclusions QI of HRCT has a good correlation with PFTs and partly reference value to pathological classification of ASS-IP. NSIP/OP may be a common pattern in ASS-IP, fibrosis severity of which is more severe than OP.
Hypoxia Facilitates the Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inducing Cancer-associated Fibroblast-derived IL6.
Authors: Xu Ying , Kuai Rong , Chu Yimin , Zhou Lu , Zhang Hai-qin , Li Ji 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is most common malignancy worldwide, and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Accumulating evidences indicate Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), abundant stromal cell population in the tumor microenvironment, play a key role in tumor development. Methods: We have successfully isolated CAFs and paired normal fibroblasts (NFs) from colorectal cancer tissues (n=10). By using multiplex cytokine profiling assay, we have identified IL-6 as a major cytokine released by CAFs. Coculturing of CAFs with CRC cell lines HCT116 or SW480 increase IL-6 release, and the secretion by CAFs can be further enhanced under hypoxia. By using CCK-8 assay, we have found HCT116 or SW480 cells treated with culture medium from CAFs, IL-6 or hypoxia showed a significant cell growth compared to control cells (P<0.01). Results: Mechanistically, we have found hypoxia can enhanced effect of IL-6/STAT3 signaling on CRC cells, in part, throughHIF-1a targets PKM2. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data clearly proposes the interconnected mechanisms for a constitutive activation of STAT3 signalby CAFs-derived IL-6 under hypoxia in colorectal cancer. The pharmacological inhibition of STAT3, PKM2 or HIF-1α can significantly reduce oncogenic effect of IL-6, providing a potential therapeutic target for CRC patients.Trail registration: Not applicable