bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of telemedicine in pediatric rheumatology during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Perdue Ashley , Mullett Charles , Umer Amna , Rosen Paul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine has provided an alternative to in-person visits for patients practicing social distancing and undergoing quarantine. During this time, there has been a rapid expansion of telemedicine and its implementation in various clinical specialties and settings. In this observational study we aim to examine the utility of telemedicine in a pediatric rheumatology clinic, for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A review of outpatient pediatric rheumatology telemedicine encounters were conducted from April-June 2020. Telemedicine visits (n=75) were compared to patients seen in practice over the prior year in office-based visits (March 2019-March 2020) (n=415). Patient characteristics, information on no-show visits, completed visits, new patient or follow-up status, and if new patients had received a visit within 2 weeks of calling to schedule an appointment were analyzed by chart review. An independent sample t-test and Chi Square statistic was used to determine statical significance between the two groups. A two-proportion z-test was used to compare visit metrics.Results: The percentage of new patients utilizing telemedicine (60%) was lower and statistically significant compared to the percentage of new patient office visits (84%) the previous year (p<0.0001). There was no change in no-show rate between groups and patient characteristics were similar.Conclusions: This study demonstrates a statistically significant decrease in new patient visits during the pandemic with telemedicine-only appointments compared to in-office visits over the previous year. This suggests a possible hesitation to seek care during this time. However, there was no significant difference among patient characteristics between telemedicine visits during the pandemic and during in-office visits in the previous year. In our experience, patient visits were able to be conducted via telemedicine with a limited physical exam using caregiver’s help during the pandemic. However, further studies will need to ascertain patient satisfaction and preference for telemedicine in the future.
Diagnostic Impact of Immunonutritional Indices in Peripheral Arterial Disease Severity and Complexity
Authors: Bezgin Tahir , Çelik Aziz İnan , Çağdaş Metin , Kahraman Ferdi , Mağden Kemal , Karagöz Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose

We aimed to evaluate the relationships between the severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and immune-nutritional status, as quantified by the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status score (CONUT), and modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS).
Methods and results

One hundred forty-eight patients with severe lower extremity PAD diagnosed by angiography constituted the study population. All patients had at least one severe superficial femoral arterial disease (SFA). According to the presence of a chronic total occlusion in SFA (SFA CTO), the study population was divided into two groups. Patients with SFA CTO (n: 84) had a significantly lower PNI(43.4 ± 4.8 vs. 49.1 ± 4.7, p < 0.001), worse mGPS and CONUT scores than those without SFA CTO(n:64). A comparison of the three groups, those classified according to PNI tertiles (PNI ≥ 48, n:49; 43.8 < PNI < 48, n:49; PNI < 43.8, n: 50), revealed that a lower PNI was associated with the presence of a TASC C-D lesion in the femoropopliteal segment, SFA CTO, long lesion, and long CTO. Furthermore, PNI was found to be an independent predictor of SFA CTO in the logistic regression analysis. Diagnostic performance of PNI was better than mGPS and CONUT scores in ROC curve comparison.
Conclusion

This is the first study demonstrating the relationship between PNI and PAD severity. Our results and the prognostic value of PNI should be validated in a larger prospective cohort.
A Novel MapReduce-based Algorithm for Association Rules Mining
Authors: Wu Bin , Mao Yimin , Mwakapesa Deborah Simon , Nanehkaran Yaser Ahangari , Deng Qianhu , Yi Jianbing , Huang Xueyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
AR (Association rule) is considered to be one of the models for data mining. With the growth of datasets, conventional association rules are not suitable for big data mining, which has aroused a large number of scholars' interest in algorithm innovation. This study aims to design an optimization parallel association rules mining algorithm based on MapReduce, named as PMRARIM-IEG algorithm, to deal with problems such as the excessive space occupied by the CanTree (CanTreeCanonical order Tree), the inability to dynamically set the support threshold, and the time-consuming data transmission in the Map and Reduce phases. Firstly, a structure called SIM-IE (similar items merging based on information entropy) strategy is adopted for reducing the space occupation of the CanTree effectively. Then, a DST-GA (dynamic support threshold obtaining using genetic algorithm) is proposed to obtain the relatively optimal dynamic support threshold in the big data environment. Finally, in the process of MapReduce parallel, a LZO (Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer) data compression strategy is used to compress the output data of the Map stage, which improves the speed of the data transmission. We compared the PMRARIM-IEG algorithm with other algorithms on five datasets, including Wikipedia , LiveJournal, com-amazon, kosarak, and webdocs. The experimental results obtained demonstrate that the proposed algorithm, PMRARIM-IEG, not only reduces the space and time complexity, but also obtains a well-performing speed-up ratio in a big data environment.
Comprehensive biological information analysis of PTEN gene in pan-cancer
Authors: Zhang Hang , Zhou Wenhan , Yang Xiaoyi , Wen Shuzhan , Zhao Baicheng , Feng Jiale , Chen Shuying 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

PTEN is a multifunctional tumor suppressor gene mutating at high frequency in a variety of cancers. However, its expression in pan-cancer, correlated genes, survival prognosis, and regulatory pathways are not completely described. Here, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis from the above perspectives in order to provide reference for clinical application.
Methods

we studied the expression levels in cancers by using data from TCGA and GTEx database. Obtain expression box plot from UALCAN database. Perform mutation analysis on the cBioportal website. Obtain correlation genes on the GEPIA website. Construct protein network and perform KEGG and GO enrichment analysis on the STRING database. Perform prognostic analysis on the Kaplan-Meier Plotter website. We also performed transcription factor prediction on the PROMO database and performed RNA-RNA association and RNA-protein interaction on the RNAup Web server and RPISEq. The gene 3D structure, protein sequence and conserved domain were obtained in NCBI respectively.
Results

PTEN was underexpressed in all cancers we studied. It was closely related to the clinical stage of tumors, suggesting PTEN may involved in cancer development and progression. The mutations of PTEN were present in a variety of cancers, most of which were truncation mutations and missense mutations. Among cancers (KIRC, LUAD, THYM, UCEC, Gastric Cancer, Liver Cancer, Lung Cancer, Breast Cancer), patients with low expression of PTEN had a shorter OS time and poorer OS prognosis. The low expression of PTEN can cause the deterioration of RFS in certain cancers (TGCT, UCEC, LIHC, LUAD, THCA), suggesting that the expression of PTEN was related to the clinical prognosis. Our study identified genes correlated with PTEN and performed GO enrichment analysis on 100 PTEN-related genes obtained from the GEPIA website.
Conclusions

The understanding of PTEN gene and the in-depth exploration of its related regulatory pathways may provide insight for the discovery of tumor-specific biomarkers and clinical potential therapeutic targets.
Two Types of Anesthesia and Hemodynamic Changes in Patients Over 60 Years of Age Who Need Artificial Femoral Head Replacement: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ke Weiqi , WANG Yuting , GUO Xukeng , HUANG Ronghua , ZHANG Xiangdong , WANG Weikai , JI Xuan , ZHUANG Shaohui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:Artificial femoral head replacement is one of the most effective methods for treatment of severe diseases of femoral joint in the elderly. The ideal anesthetic effect is one of the key elements for the success of the operation because it brings fast recovery. However, the multiple comorbidities of the elder patients make them too weak to tolerate the hemodynamic changes after anesthesia. In this case, the most suitable anesthesia method for patients undergoing femoral head replacement surgery is of great significance.Objective:To compare the post-anesthetic hemodynamic changes between combined lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve block(CLPSB) and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia(CSEA) in elderly patients undergoing unilateral artificial femoral head replacement.Methods:We reviewed records of the patients who aged over 60 years old (age 62-103 years) and received unilateral artificial femoral head replacement between January 2015 and December 2020 in the first affiliated hospital of Shantou University Medical College. After adjustment according to the inclusion criteria, 477 patients were included and divided into CLPSB group (n=90) and CSEA group (n=387). The primary outcome was comparison of the hemodynamic changes after anesthesia, including the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). The second outcome was the comparison of the vasopressor used during the surgery.Results:We established three models to compare the two anesthesia methods on hemodynamic changes. Crude model included all variates for analysis, while model I adjusted age and gender. Model II adjusted other comorbidities in addition to model I. All three models exhibit that changes of MAP (∆MAP) after CSEA were higher than that after CLPSB(β= 6.88, 95% CI: 4.33 - 9.42, P < 0.0001), with significant difference, which indicated that CSEA causes higher fluctuation of MAP. Concurrently, the use of vasopressors increased by 137% (OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.24-4.53, P=0.0091) in the CSEA group, which is statistically significant. However, the changes of HR (∆HR) between the CLPSB and CSEA was not significant(β= 0.50, 95% CI: 1.62 - 2.62, P = 0.6427). Conclusions:Both CLPSB and CSEA are ideal anesthesia methods for patients receiving femoral head eplacement, though CLPSB is more suitable for elderly patients with advanced hemodynamic stability.
Electroretinography and contrast sensitivity, complementary translational biomarkers of sensory deficits in the visual system of individuals with Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Perche Olivier , Lesne Fabien , Patat Alain , Raab Susanne , Twyman Roy , Ring Robert H. , Briault Sylvain 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Disturbances in sensory function are considered as an important clinical feature of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders such as Fragile X syndrome (FXS). Evidence also directly connects sensory abnormalities with the clinical expression of behavioral impairments in individuals with FXS, thus elevating interest in sensory function as a clinical target for therapeutics development. Using electroretinography (ERG) and contrast sensitivity (CS), we previously reported the presence of sensory deficits in the visual system of the Fmr1-/y genetic mouse model of FXS. The goals of this study were two-fold: 1) assess the feasibility of measuring ERG and CS as a biomarker in individuals with FXS, and 2) investigate whether the deficits in ERG and CS originally discovered in Fmr1-/y mice were translatable to humans with FXS. Methods: Both ERGs and CS were measured in a cohort of individuals with FXS (n=20, 18-45 yrs) and age-matched healthy controls (n=20, 18-45 yrs). Under light-adapted conditions, and using both single flash and flicker (repeated train of flashes) stimulation protocols, retinal function was recorded from individual subjects using a portable, handheld, full field flash ERG device (RETeval®, LKC Technologies Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). CS was assessed in each subject using the LEA SYMBOLS® low-contrast test (Good-Lite, Elgin, IL, USA). Results: Data recording was successfully completed for ERG and assessment of CS in most individuals from both cohorts demonstrating the feasibility of these methods for use in the FXS population. Similar to previously reported findings from the Fmr1-/y genetic mouse model of FXS, abnormalities in both ERG waveform and CS were observed in FXS. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using ERG and CS for assessing the visual system in FXS and establishes the translatability of the Fmr1-/y mice phenotype to individuals with FXS. By including electrophysiological and functional readouts, the results of this study suggest the utility of both ERG and CS (ERG-CS) as complimentary translational biomarkers for characterizing sensory abnormalities found in FXS, with potential applications to the clinical development of novel therapeutics that target sensory function abnormalities to treat core symptomatology in FXS.Trial Registration: ID-RCB number 2019-A01015-52 registered on the 05/17/2019.
Transcranial direct-current stimulation protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through regulating Cezanne-dependent signaling
Authors: Cheng Jing , Fan Yan-Qin , Jiang Hong-Xiang , Chen Song-Feng , Chen Juan , Liao Xin-Yu , Zou Ying-Ying , Lan Hai-yang , Cui Yu , Chen Zhi-Biao , Chen Qianxue , Wan Qi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is proved safe and shows therapeutic effect in cerebral ischemic stroke in clinical trials. But the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that tDCS treatment reduces the infarct volume after rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and results in functional improvement of stroke animals. At the cellular and molecular level, tDCS suppresses I/R-induced upregulation of Cezanne in the ischemic neurons. Cezanne inhibition confers neuroprotection after rat I/R and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) in the cortical neuronal cultures. Inhibiting Cezanne increases the level of SIRT6 that is downregulated in the ischemic neurons. Suppressing SIRT6 blocks Cezanne inhibition-induced neuroprotective effect and overexpressing SIRT6 attenuates OGD-induced neuronal death. We further show that downregulating Cezanne reduces DNA double-strand break (DSB) through upregulation of SIRT6 in OGD-insulted neurons. Together, this study suggests that Cezanne-dependent SIRT6-DNA DSB signaling pathway may mediate the neuroprotective effect of tDCS in ischemic neurons.
A Silent Epidemic of Gross Congenital malformations in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Mekonen Hayelom , Berhe Yibrah , Berihu Birhane Alem , Teka Hale , Hadgu Abera , Gebregziabher Letekirstos , Halefom Etenat , Magana Tony , Mulugeta Afework 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Congenital malformations are defects of the morphogenesis of organs or body during the pregnancy period and are identifiable at pre- or postnatal. It is identified as the major cause of child mortality worldwide. There is a need to understand the prevalence of congenital malformations in Tigray in particular and Ethiopia in general as surveillance data are lacking. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the burden of gross congenital malformations in the Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia.
Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted of birth outcomes diagnosed with structural malformations in the labor ward admitted to Ayder comprehensive specialized university hospital and five general hospitals namely Alamata, Lemlem Karl, Adwa, St Mary and Shul Hospitals from Tigray region between January 2018 and January 2019. Data on demographic and clinical findings of the mothers and their pregnancy outcomes were collected using a standard data collection tool. Simple descriptive statistics were used to characterize the study subjects. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square analysis and P value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results

A total of 12225 births were recorded in the six hospitals during the study period. Of these, 383 births had gross congenital malformations of different degrees of severity and 12 of them were stillbirths. The overall occurrence of congenital malformations was 3.1 % of the total births (live births and stillbirths) examined. Central nervous system anomaly mainly Neural tube defect were found the commonest anomalies observed in this study. The maternal factors (maternal age, gravidity, abortion history, parity) and fetal factors (birth weight and gestational ages were significantly associated with the occurrence of the gross congenital malformations (p < 0.05).
Conclusion

This study has shown a high prevalence of gross congenital anomalies exists in the study communities. High prevalence of central nervous system-related malformations was observed in the Tigray region, given the high prevalence of nutritional deficiency and lack of periconceptional care that can impact the formation of the nervous system in the current study population. Hence, there should be an immediate food fortification with folic acid and periconceptional folic acid supplementation for all reproductive-age women in the region and the country at large.
Health-related quality of life in women with breast cancer: A review of measures
Authors: Salas Maribel , Mordin Margaret , Castro Colleen , Islam Zahidul , Tu Nora , Hackshaw Michelle D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To identify and describe the breast cancer–specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments with evidence of validation in the breast cancer population for potential use in patients treated for breast cancer (excluding surgery). Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases to identify articles that contain psychometric properties of HRQoL instruments used in patients with breast cancer. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to August 19, 2019, was searched. Articles published in English that reported psychometric properties (reliability, validity) of HRQoL instruments were identified.Results: The database search yielded 613 unique records; 131 full-text articles were reviewed; 80 articles presented psychometric data for instruments used in breast cancer. This article focuses on the 33 that described psychometric properties of breast cancer–specific HRQoL instruments. Twelve breast cancer–specific HRQoL instruments were identified and reviewed: EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC QLQ-BR23, FACT-B, FBSI, NFBSI-16, YW-BCI36, BCSS, QuEST-Br, QLICP-BR, INA-BCHRQoL, and two newly developed unnamed measures, one by Deshpande and colleagues (for use in India) and one by Vanlemmens and colleagues (for use among young women and their partners). The articles that described the EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-BR23, and FACT-B centered on validating translations, providing additional support for content validity, and demonstrating acceptability of electronic patient-reported outcome administration. Psychometric properties of the measures were acceptable. Several new measures have been developed in Asia with an emphasis on development on cultural relevance/sensitivity. Others focused on specific populations (i.e., young women with breast cancer). Conclusions: Historically, there have been limited options for validated measures to assess HRQoL of patients with breast cancer. A number of new measures have been developed and validated, offering promising options for assessing HRQoL in this patient population. This review supports the reliability and validity of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and FACT-B; new translations and electronic versions of these measures further support their use for this population.
A cross-sectional study on the guideline adherence to antiemetic regimens for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A single center retrospective study of 1000 patients.
Authors: Luo Cong , Chen Lei , Xu Qi , Li Jingjing , Wei Qing , Shang Mingge , Ying Jieer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common symptom in patients who undergoing chemotherapy, it is very important to control CINV to maintain dose intensity and patients' quality of life. To analyze the current situation of CINV for the tumor patients who undergoing chemotherapy, we used a cross-sectional survey to assess CINV status in those patients, and whether the drugs used by doctors in each department met the guidelines, and compared the incidence of acute and delayed CINV overall post-chemotherapy periods.

Methods

This was a single-center, cross-sectional retrospective study of patients with chemotherapy discharged from different departments of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in China. Participants reported the occurrence, severity, and impact on daily life of nausea and vomiting from the day of chemotherapy administration up to 5 days, and physicians collected the clinical data from the medical records.

Results

Data were collected from 875 responses totally. In this study, the overall incidence rate of CINV was 44.34%, acute CINV was 24.57%, and delayed CINV was 39.66%. 19.89% patients had both acute and delayed CINV. The consistency rates of antiemetic with guideline in different departments showed significant gap between the actual usage of drugs and the recommended guidelines (P=0.001). In 875 patients, 518 patients received guideline recommended antiemetic regimen, the CINV rates of complete control (CC), defined as the absence of any symptoms, were 61.58%. While the CC rates in other 357 patients were 47.06%(P<0.001).

Conclusion

Overall, clinician adherence to antiemetic guideline recommendations in different departments remained poorly characterized with varying degrees. Future studies should focus on the complete rate as a primary end point rather than complete remission. The standardized management of CINV in patients need to be further strengthened and doctors need to use drugs more regularly to reduce the occurrence of CINV in patients.
Effect of matcha consumption on gut microbiota in healthy Japanese individuals: study protocol for a double-blind crossover interventional study
Authors: Takegami Maya , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Miyoshi Tomoki , Munekawa Chihiro , Yoshimura Takashi , Nakajima Hanako , Kimura Tomonori , Okamura Takuro , Nakanishi Naoko , Kitao Yuki , Kinoshita Kazutsugu , Hamaguchi Masahide , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: This study compares and clarifies the changes in intestinal flora resulting from the continuous consumption of two types of matcha.Methods: Healthy adults will consume two types of matcha tea for four weeks, and differences in the intestinal microflora before and after drinking will be compared. Gut microbiota will be identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phylogenetic classification of the enterobacteria will be performed based on sequence similarities. The relative proportions of the classified enterobacteria to the total nucleotide sequences will be compared between the samples obtained from the two groups consuming different matcha.Discussion: The continuous consumption of matcha may improve dysbiosis and prevent atherosclerosis. The effects may vary according to the type of matcha used.Trial registration:The study was registered with university hospital medical information network (UMIN) (UMIN000040303), and all participants gave their written informed consent. Registered 1 November 2020, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000045982.