bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Blended Teaching Model Based on SPOC and TBL in Dermatology and Venereology
Authors: Zeng Jinrong , Liu Liyao , Tong Xiaoliang , Gao Lihua , Zhou Lu , Guo Aiyuan , Tan Lina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background In this study, we applied the small private online course (SPOC) and team-based learning (TBL) blended teaching model to dermatology and venereology to ensure a higher quality learning experience for clinical medical students. Methods A total of 52 fifth-grade clinical undergraduates from Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University were randomly divided into an experimental (n = 26) and a control group (n = 26). In March 2018, we used the SPOC and TBL blended teaching model in the experimental group and explored the effects of innovative teaching in the dermatology and venereology course, compared with the control group receiving the conventional teaching method. We analyzed the two groups’ theoretical assessment scores and questionnaire results to evaluate the efficiency of the new pedagogy. Results Students in the experimental group had a better understanding than the control group of the dermatology and venereology content and higher scores on the case analysis questions in the final theoretical examination. The results revealed that the majority of the experimental group students agreed that the novel teaching model blended with SPOC&TBL helped them significantly stimulate motivation and develop their ability in self-directed learning, independent thinking, literature retrieval, presentation board, teamwork, communication, and systematic clinical thinking. The teaching satisfaction survey of the two groups showed that the students’ satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions The SPOC&TBL teaching model is better than the traditional one in enriching students’ professional knowledge and cultivating their comprehensive ability. It can effectively promote educational quality, improve students’ learning effects, and enhance their satisfaction. This method has broad application prospects.
Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Postoperative Complications After Artificial Abortion ---A Retrospective Study
Authors: SHU JUNJUN , Lin Shixin , Wu Yu , Wang Xiaojiao , Zhu Hong , Gao Jun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The complications after induced abortion are the important factors that endanger female reproductive health. The effective prevention way of postoperative complications after induced abortion and protection of female reproductive tract health is now a hot issue. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on postoperative complications after artificial abortion.Methods: A total of 148 patients were randomized into 2 groups in this study. 76 patients were assigned into a treatment group which also called group A, and underwent NMES therapy, while 72 women were assigned into a controlled team named group B. The duration of postoperative uterine contraction pain, the amount and duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding, the endometrial thickness on the 14th and 21st day after the operation, the time of postoperative menstruation recovery, and the incidence of intrauterine adhesion on the 1st and 3rd month after operation were compared and observed.Results: Compared with group B, in group A, The duration of postoperative uterine contraction pain was significantly shorter(P<0.001); The amount and duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding were less after treatment by the NMES (P=.016); There was no significant difference in endometrial thickness on the 14th day after the operation(P=.05), Whereas it was thicker in the observation group than in the control group on the 21st day(P=.01); The menstruation recovery time was shorter after treatment (P=.017); The incidence of intrauterine adhesions was significantly lower at the third months after operation (P=.03)while at the first month, there is no difference(p>0.99).Conclusion: Neuromuscular Electrical stimulation therapy is effective for improving patients with postoperative complications after artificial abortion.
Clinical Characteristics of 60 Adult Cancer Patients Experience Covid-19: A Descriptive-analytical Study
Authors: Aznab Mozaffar , Eskandari-Roozbahani Narges , Moazen Homa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to describe the clinical symptoms, the severity of the disease, and survival status of COVID-19 cancer patients, and comparing the results in the different cancer subtypes and stages among various ages/sexes and techniques of treatment.Method: In a descriptive-analytical study, the clinical status of 60 cancer patients with a history of Covid-19 over the past year from the covid-19 pandemic in Iran (Jan. 2020-Dec.2020) was assessed. Results: Most of the patients (68%) were in the solid tumor categories. The mean age of the men was 52 ± 13 years, and women were 47 ± 13 years (P<0.05). Most cases of COVID-19 positive in solid tumor were breast cancer (24.4%), colon cancer (22%), gastric cancer (9.8%), and in hematologic malignancy, lymphoma (31.6%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (31.6%), and acute leukemia (21.1%). There was a statistically significant difference between two categories of cancer in the clinical manifestations; the stage of cancer and survival status (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on our results risk factors for Covid-19 disease progression, severe pulmonary involvement, and fatal complications in patients with malignancy require further evaluation based on tumor type, stage, age, sex, and treatment options.
Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills for Treating Diabetic Nephropathy by Combined Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wang Gaoxiang , Zeng Lin , Huang Qian , Lu Zhaoqi , Sui Ruiqing , Liu Deliang , Zeng Hua , Liu Xuemei , Chu Shufang , Kou Xinhui , Li Huilin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes, but without a satisfactory treatment strategy till now. Liuwei Dihuang Pills (LDP), an effective Chinese medicinal formula, has been used to treat DN for more than 1000 years. However, its underlying mechanism of action is still vague.
Methods

Active compounds and corresponding targets of LDP were predicted from the TCMSP database. DN disease targets were extracted from the OMIM, Genecards, TTD, DisGeNET, and DrugBank databases. Subsequently, the "herbal-compound-target" network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed and analyzed via the STRING web platform and Cytoscape software. GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out on the Metascape web platform. Molecular docking was utilized AutoDock Vina and PyMOL software.
Result

41 active components and 186 corresponding targets of LDP were screened out. 131 common targets of LDP and DN were acquired. Quercetin, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, diosgenin, and stigmasterol could be defined as five crucial compounds. JUN, MAPK8, AKT1, EGF, TP53, VEGFA, MMP9, MAPK1, and TNF might be nine key targets. Enrichment analysis showed that common targets were mainly associated with inflammation reaction, oxidative stress, immune regulation, and cell apoptosis. AGE-RAGE and IL-17 were suggested two significant signal pathways. Molecular docking revealed that the nine key targets could closely bind to their corresponding active compounds.
Conclusion

The present study fully reveals the multi-compounds and multi-targets characteristics of LDP in DN treatment. Furthermore, this study provides valuable evidence for further scientific research of pharmacological mechanisms and broader clinical application.
In-silico analysis of mutations in ANK1, SPTB, SPTA1, SLC4A1, and EPB4.2 genes responsible for Hereditary Spherocytosis
Authors: Vyas Bharti , Kumar Sunil , Singh Garima , Akhter Mymoona , Ahmad Farhan Jalees , Alam Mohammed Mumtaz , Shaquiquzzaman Mohammed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a rare inherited disorder of red blood cells which are characterized by spherical, doughnut-shaped with increase deformability that lead to the gallstones and splenomegaly. The role of mutation in the genes responsible for the regulation of synthesis of proteins and stucture of RBC is well know studied. It was found that there are five genes whose mutation result in hereditary spherocytosis.Therefore, we aimed to study the consequences of ANK1, EPB4.2, SPTA1, SPTB, and SLC4A1 non-synonymous mutaion by using advanced inslico methods. Studied for nsSNPs using insilico techniques including OMIN, clinVar, SIFT, Polyphen, homology modelling. Misssence nsSNP were identified in all the gene selected and their effect on the protein structure, stability and functioning was studies. The result showed that 52 nsSNPs are responsible for the changes in the shape of RBCs. After identifying the nsSNPs the structure of proteins were modelled and their RMSD, relative solvent accessibility, and protein stability were studied. Protein stability analysis revealed significant change in free energy (ΔΔG) of the most identified nsSNPs variants. These finding may be helpful for genotype-phenotype research as well as development in pharmacogenetic studies. Finally, this study unveil a significance of inslico methods to figure out highly pathogenic genomic variants affected the structure and functional of HS causing protein
A Comparative Study Of Linear And Non-Linear Methods of Isotherm Parameters For Biosorption Of Sodium Diclofenac Onto Calcined Cow Leather (CCL)
Authors: Hiyane Hasnaa , Benkaddour Saida , Slimani R. , Cagnon Benoît , Karrouchi Khalid , Haddad Mohammadine EL , Achour Youness , Antri Said EL , Lazar Said 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the current work, the activated biosorbent prepared from Calcined Cow Leather (CCL) was used to study the biosorption potential on anti-inflammatory, namely Sodium Diclofenac and derived from phenylacetic acid from the group of arylcarboxylic acids. Thus, it has been selected because they are widely used and potential associated toxicological effects and also apparently detected in aqueous environments. The biosorption study was carried out to examine the biosorption mechanism by applying the five isotherms models represented by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Elovich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The comparison of linear and nonlinear regression methods was applied by taking into consideration mathematical and statistical properties of these two methods and compare different statistical criteria to determine the best model fitted to experimental data by predicting the optimum isotherms parameters. The following six error functions were used, the coefficient of determination (R²), the sum of the squares of the errors (SSE), Hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), Average relative error (ARE), Sum of the absolute errors (SAE) and Marquardt’s percent standard deviation (MPSD). Whereas, the comparison between different models shows that the nonlinear form of Langmuir model was the best fitted to describe the equilibrium data which was confirmed by the five error functions and the smallest ‘sum of the normalized errors (SNE)’ parameter. Therefore, the kinetics data was evaluated by various models. It was found that the biosorption process was conducted by the pseudo-second-order model which predicted best the experimental data.
Anti-Tyrosinase Properties Of Different Species of Turmeric And Isolation of Active Compounds From Curcuma Amada
Authors: Akter Jesmin , Islam Md. Zahorul , Hossain Md. Amzad , Takara Kensaku 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Turmeric is traditionally used as a skin cosmetic in some religious and cultural occasions on the Indian subcontinent. In this study, we compared the tyrosinase inhibitory properties of four Curcuma spp., namely, C. xanthorrhiza, C. aromatica, C. amada, and C. zedoaria. Bioassay-guided isolation and purification of tyrosinase inhibitors using silica gel column and high-performance liquid chromatography. Structural identification of the compounds was conducted using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. C. amada showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 53.4 μg/mL. Therefore, it was chosen for the isolation and purification of tyrosinase inhibitors. The purified compounds were zederone (1), furanodienone (2), 1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl) heptanes (3), 3,5-dihydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) heptanes (4) and1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) heptanes (5). The IC50 values for the mushroom anti-tyrosinase activity of compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 108.2, 89.2, 92.3, 21.7 and 41.3 µM, respectively. These compounds also inhibited intracellular tyrosinase activity, thus reducing melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Compound 4 showed significantly stronger anti-tyrosinase activity than that of arbutin (a positive control drug). No significant difference was observed in the tyrosinase inhibitory effect between compound 5 and arbutin. Our findings strongly suggest that C. amada is a promising source of natural tyrosinase inhibitors to prevent melanogenesis and could be used as a whitening cosmetic.
Inter- and intra-rater reliability of ultrasound-derived muscle quantification
Authors: Cleary Christopher , Nabavizadeh Omid , Young Kaycie , Herda Ashley 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ultrasound devices are now commonplace in sports medicine facilities due to their ease of use and validity to assess skeletal muscle characteristics. The aim of the current study was to assess the reliability of ultrasound skeletal muscle image analysis across multiple raters. Vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), and first dorsal interosseus (FDI) images were analyzed in ImageJ by three raters to determine muscle thickness (MT), cross-sectional area (CSA), and echo-intensity (EI). Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) between (inter-rater) and within (intra-rater) raters, the standard error of the measurement (SEM) and minimal difference needed to be considered real (MD) were calculated. Inter-rater reliability was high for the selected outcomes of the VL and RF (ICC: 0.987–0.999), while the FDI was lower (0.614–0.962). The MD was small in each muscle and outcome. Intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.961–0.999 for all three raters of differing experience with ImageJ. Providing specific directions to analyze ultrasound images results in reliable ultrasound measurements for the FDI, RF, and VL. The FDI may have had lower ICCs due to the uneven nature and borders. Future studies should continue to investigate the reliability of ultrasound measurements across more raters, various skeletal muscles, and independently per lab group.
Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Babesia In Host Animals In Fujian Province, Southeast China
Authors: Zeng Zhi-Wei , Zhou Shu-Heng , Xu Guo-Ying , Liu Wei-Jun , Han Teng-Wei , Liu Jing , Wang Jia-Xiong , Deng Yan-Qin , Xiao Fang-Zhen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Babesiosis is a socioeconomically typical tick-borne infectious disease. Babesia infections in small mammals and ticks were reported in at least five provinces in China. However, the host range and geographical distribution of this parasite in Fujian province was unclear. The aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of Babesia in Fujian province, Southeast China, between 2015 and 2020.Methods: Blood samples of rodents were collected from 26 various types of surveillance sites accross Fujian province. Genomic DNA was extracted for screening the Babesia infection via PCR amplification based on 18S rRNA. The prevalences of Babesia were compared by the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 5.0 by gene sequence alignment. DNA samples of 316 Capra Caprinae, 85 Bos Bovine, 56 Canis lupus familiaris, 27 Lepus sinensis and 18 Sus scrofa domesticus were also collected in this survey.Results: A total of 1123 rodents were trapped and tested. Babesia infection was confirmed in 3.83% (43/1123) of the rodents and in 1.20% (6/502) of other trapped mammals. Multivariate logistic 2 regression analysis revealed that irrigated cropland, reeds, shrub and hills were risk factors for Babesia infection. The infection rate of S.scrofa domesticus, C.lupus familiaris and C.Caprinae were determine to be 5.56%, 1.79% and 1.27%, and no infection were found in B.Bovine and L.sinensis. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of Babesia between rodents and other host animals.Conclusions: The results indicated that there exits a broad geographical distribution and genetic diversity of Babesia in Southeast China. This study suggested that the mammals, especially wild rodents were the main natural hosts of Babesia in Fujian. Our research provided new insights on the exposure risk of Babesia in humans and animals, laying a solid foundation for the development of babesiosis prevention and control measures.
Therapeutic Effects and Repair Mechanism of HGF Gene Transfected Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Injured Endometrium via Activating Phosphorylated c-Met
Authors: Xu Xuan , Wang Jianye , Dong Liu , Xing Qiong , Wang Ying , Zhang Ying V. , Cao Yunxia , Zhou Ping , Wei Zhaolian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere are many studies on the advantages of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that could secret various paracrine factors in repairing endometrial injury. It is necessary to improve the stability and effectiveness of MSCs. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), as one of the cytokines secreted by MSCs, plays a significant role in vascular repair and mesenchymal to epithelial transformation (MET). It can be deduced that HGF is closely related to the repair process of endometrium.Therefore, we aim to investigate the effect and mechanism of MSCs from umbilical cord transfected with HGF gene in the damaged mouse endometrium.MethodsHGF gene transfected MSCs were prepared by electroporation. After determining the cell characteristics and cell activity of HGF gene transfected MSCs, the ability of HGF gene transfected MSCs to express HGF was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Totally, 60 female mice were randomly divided into Control group, Saline group, MSCs group , and HGF gene-transfected MSCs (MSCshgf) group. Each group of mice received treatment after injury. HE staining were used to evaluate the changes in the thickness of endometrial epithelium and the number of endometrial glands. Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the molecular repair effect. Real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to compare the expression of angiogenesis related factors. Western blot was used to detect the activation of HGF/c-Met and AKT signaling pathways.ResultsHGF gene transfected MSCs retained the characteristics of original MSCs, and the concentration of HGF secreted by MSCs transfected with HGF gene was higher than that of normal MSCs. Compared with normal MSCs, HGF gene transfected MSCs have a more effect in promoting the repair of damaged endometrial epithelium, mainly in significantly increasing the thickness of damaged endometrial epithelium, increasing the number of glands and proliferating cells(p<0.01). Meanwhile, HGF gene transfected MSCs can improve the expression level of endometrial vascular growth related factors and promote the MET process (p<0.01). At the same time, Western blotting confirmed that these repair effects were related to HGF activation of its receptor c-Met and downstream AKT signaling pathway.Conclusions﻿Compared with normal MSCs, HGF gene transfected MSCs have a more significant effect in repairing the damaged endometrial epithelium. This effect is achieved by activating the receptor c-Met of HGF and downstream AKT pathway.
Assembly of Carbon Dots Into Frameworks With Enhanced Stability and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Zhuang Pengfei , Li Kuo , Li Daoyong , Qiao Haixia , E Yifeng , Wang Mingqun , Sun Jiachen , Mei Xifan , LI DAN 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have widely been used as antimicrobials due to their active surface, but they also suffer instability. Therefore the relative applications such as the antibacterial activity may not be reliable for long-term use. Herein, we synthesize CDs with blue fluorescence by a hydrothermal process. Thereafter, polyethylenimine (PEI) was applied for the assembly of CDs into CDs-based frameworks (CDFs). The CDFs exhibited quenched fluorescence but showed more stable properties based on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and zeta potential investigations. Both CDs and CDFs show antibacterial activity toward Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), but CDFs exhibited better antibacterial performance. This reveals CDFs magnify both the stability and antibacterial activity, which would be more promising for practical applications.
Characterization of Nit Sheath Protein Functions and Transglutaminase-Mediated Crosslinking in the Human Head Louse, Pediculus Humanus Capitis
Authors: Kim Ju Hyeon , Lee Do Eun , Park SangYoun , Clark John M , Lee Si Hyeock 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Head louse females secrete liquid glue during oviposition, which is solidified to form the nit sheath over the egg. Recently, two homologous proteins, named as louse nit sheath protein (LNSP) 1 and LNSP2, were identified as adhesive proteins but the precise mechanism of nit sheath solidification is unknown.MethodsWe determined the temporal transcriptome profiles of the head louse accessory glands plus oviduct, from which putative major structural proteins and those with functional importance were deduced. A series of RNA interference (RNAi) experiments and treatment of an inhibitor were conducted to elucidate the function and action mechanism of each component.ResultsBy transcriptome profiling of genes expressed in the louse accessory glands plus uterus, the LNSP1 and LNSP2 along with two hypothetical proteins were confirmed to be the major structural proteins. In addition, several proteins with functional importance, including transglutaminase (TG), defensin 1 and defensin 2, were identified. When LNSP1 was knocked down via RNA interference, most eggs became nonviable via desiccation, suggesting its role in desiccation resistance. Knockdown of LNSP2, however, resulted in oviposition failure, which suggests that LNSP2 may serve as the basic platform to form nit sheath and have an additional function of lubrication. Knockdown of TG also impaired egg hatching, demonstrating its role in the crosslinking of nit sheath protein. The role of TG in crosslinking was further confirmed by injecting or hair coating of GGsTop, a TG inhibitor.ConclusionBoth LNSP1 and LNSP2 are essential for maintaining egg viability besides their function as glue. The TG-mediated crosslinking plays critical roles in water preservation that are essential for ensuring normal embryogenesis. TG-mediated crosslinking mechanism can be employed as a therapeutic target to control human louse eggs, and any topically applied TG inhibitors can be exploited as potential ovicidal agents.