bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Older Student Experiences: A Critical Examination of Aging on Campus
Authors: Barragan Cassandra , Walsh Sarah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There is overwhelming evidence that the number of older learners on college campuses has been steadily increasing since the 1970s. The needs of older learners differ from traditional students, and many services and resources available at higher education institutions are geared towards students aged 18-25 (Silverstein, Choi, & Bulot, 2001). Age Friendly University (AFU) principles highlight the need to consider older learners at a university and provide structure to evaluate programs and practices and to enhance inclusion and diversity based upon age. This study examined how an AFU designated university is working to better understand their older students. Methods: A web-based pilot survey of older learners (N=248) asked all students ages 40 and older a series of questions regarding motivation to attend school, barriers and supports, campus environment, and connection with AFU principles. Analysis: A regression analysis found that older learners who felt more welcomed by faculty (p=.001), administration (p=.002),and student organizations (p=.026) were more likely to feel connected to campus, and younger-older students (p=.031) and those who did not feel their job was a barrier to attending school (p=.037) were more likely to feel satisfied with their level of engagement on campus. Additionally, older learners felt the AFU principles were demonstrated by their university. Discussion: The experiences of older learners are important as we continue to see higher numbers of students over the age of 40. Our results demonstrate the need to engage older learners as part of diversity and inclusion efforts to facilitate connection to the campus community.
Toward Age-Friendly High Education: An Intergenerational Participatory Co-Design Approach
Authors: Vivian W Q Lou , Woo Esther , Pan Nicol , Cobb Peter J , Hu Xiao , Cheng Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: When aging becomes a global challenging, we believe it is timely important to equip aging knowledge among university students regardless of their disciplinary study subjects. This study aims to describe principles and process of development an aging-related curriculum in high education entitled “Intergenerational Participatory Co-design Project (IPCP)” and evaluate its impacts. Methodology: Guided by a key principle of involving participants of any learning context as co-creators of both the learning process and learning outcomes, IPCP went through four stages of development including capacity building, co-creation on learning objectives, deliberated content learning, and learning outcome dissemination. Mixed methodology including qualitative in-depth interview and quantitative questionnaire were applied in evaluation. A total of 26 participants, from three generations recruited from one university, one secondary school, and a pool of senior champions under a geron-infusion initiative participated. Findings: after attaining capacity building workshops applying Optimal Quality Intergeneration Interaction Framework, three learning groups formulated. A common theme “preserving cultural heritage” emerged, while each group has identified a specified focus (e.g., food, Tai Ji, and historic sites guide). Quotes collected and survey data revealed positive impacts in reducing stereotype and enhancing learning experiences. Conclusion: IPCP demonstrated good practices in role models in multi-disciplinary collaboration in pedagogy innovation. It also paved solid way towards a learning community interwoven with continuous innovation: IPCP becomes a pioneer contributor of library’s digital data hub solution; common core office starts to develop a human lifespan cluster; two research team members started new collaboration on geron-infusion in Faculty of Education.
Building Caregiver Resilience: Pitfalls and Potential for Interventions
Authors: Lee Jeongeun , Peterson Natasha , Zarit Steven 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Informal caregivers provide substantial practical and emotional support for individuals with chronic and acute conditions. Consequently, many experience caregiver burden and are at high-risk for psychological morbidity and associated breakdown in the provision of care for care recipients. Many psychosocial interventions have been designed to help caregivers. However, more work is needed to identify which, or what kind of, interventions are optimal for identifying suitable strategies and care management. The main objectives of this symposium are to (1) address psychosocial and demographic factors contributing to caregiver resilience, (2) understand the role of cognitive and behavioral factors that have implications for caregivers’ psychological well-being, and (3) specify different caregiving styles and adaptive outcomes. This symposium assembles a panel of experts and brings together empirical research on various challenges that need to be addressed and potential opportunities for creating effective psychosocial intervention targets for caregivers. The first session will discuss several psychosocial and demographic factors associated with resilience among caregivers. The second session will share how caregiving appraisals are closely related to positive and negative affect and whether the level and changes in caregivers’ activity participation moderate this linkage. The third session will identify caregiving styles and strategies utilizing k-modes machine learning analysis and share how caregivers adapt to care situations. The final session will present caregivers’ stress experiences related to dementia patients’ behavior and psychosocial symptoms in dementia during the day. The session will conclude with Dr. Zarit, who will integrate the four papers and offer insight on implications across studies.
Future Eldercare Planning Among Chinese Aging Families in Hong Kong
Authors: Bai Xue , Luk Joanne , He Ranran , Kwong Yanyee 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the potential role of care planning in buffering future eldercare challenges. However, little is known about the characteristics of care planning among Chinese ageing families. It is also of interest to reflect how recent events such as COVID-19 pandemic may affect their views of the future care planning. From a family systems perspective, this study explored the extent, processes, and contents of intergenerational care planning of Chinese ageing families in Hong Kong. Dyadic interviews were conducted with 60 adult child-older parent pairs, and individual interviews were conducted with another 33 adult children. Intergenerational discrepancies in extent and processes of care planning, intergenerational congruence of care expectations and struggles, facilitating role of family capital and hindering role of cultural capital in care planning were primary themes. Although both generations demonstrated strong awareness of future eldercare needs, they were found engaged in different levels and processes of care planning. Adult children’s level of engagement in planning activities may influence parents’ extent and contents of care planning. Intergenerational transmission of eldercare values contributed to intergenerational congruence of care expectations but also led to similar struggles and ambivalent attitudes toward future care. Moreover, family capital was found to facilitate family care planning while Chinese cultural values that emphasize family care may hinder both generations’ efforts in care planning. The findings will deepen our understanding on characteristics of intergenerational care planning in Asian Chinese communities and inform services to improve adult children and ageing parents’ preparation for future eldercare.
Patterns of Intergenerational Care Planning Among Chinese Aging Families in Hong Kong
Authors: Bai Xue , Liu Chang , Xu Tongling 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Care planning before the onset of intensive care needs can increase families’ ability to manage caregiving crises and cope with care transitions. However, future care planning has not been substantially examined in a family context. Drawing on the model of Preparation for Future Care Needs and a family systems perspective, this study investigated patterns of intergenerational care planning across multiple planning domains (awareness, avoidance, information gathering, decision making, and concrete planning) among Chinese intergenerational pairs. Quantitative data of 213 pairs of aging parents and adult children were collected in Hong Kong. Latent Profile Analysis was conducted to examine typological structure underlying care planning patterns. Three patterns were discovered: filial-maximal, dyadic-moderate, and filial-minimal. Profile 1 contained approximately 9.9% of pairs, which demonstrated a relatively higher level of avoidance on considering the need of care preparation and engaged less in concrete planning activities. Profile 2 contained 68.5% of intergenerational pairs that had a moderate preparation level. Profile 3 contained 21.6% of intergenerational pairs that were comparatively active in care planning. The findings also indicated that although older adults across three groups demonstrated a similar level of awareness to prepare for future care, their engagement in the concrete planning activities may be driven by their children’s awareness and preparation toward future care. The findings will enhance professionals’ and service providers’ awareness of diverse care planning patterns among Asian aging families, and inform targeted policies and programmes to alleviate unpreparedness for eldercare through intergenerational care planning which can be more effective than unilateral preparation.
Temporal Patterns of Daily Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Throughout the Day
Authors: Connelly Caitlin , Kim Kyungmin , Liu Yin , Zarit Steven 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are taxing for both the person with dementia (PWD) and their family caregivers. Yet, little is known about how BPSD fluctuates throughout the day (i.e., morning, daytime, evening, and night; e.g., sundowning) and how caregivers perceive BPSD at different times of the day. Using 8-day daily diary data from 173 family caregivers whose relatives were using Adult Day Services (ADS), this study investigated temporal patterns of BPSD and caregivers’ stress responses to BPSD throughout the day. Overall, the number of BPSD was highest in the evening, and caregivers’ stress reactivity to BPSD increased throughout the phases of the day (i.e., most stressful at night). However, caregivers showed lower reactivity to BPSD in the mornings and at night on days when the PWD used ADS. Our findings about fluctuations of (caregiver reactions to) BPSD throughout the day suggest target windows for just-in-time adaptive intervention.
Disruptions and Adaptations in End-of-Life Care Delivery for Homebound Patients During COVID-19
Authors: Franzosa Emily , Kim Patricia , Zhang Meng , Reckrey Jennifer , Lubetsky Sara , Xu Emily , Ornstein Katherine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The initial COVID-19 pandemic surge in New York City caused widespread delays and disruption in end-of-life services. This study examined the impact of disruptions among homebound adults in an HBPC practice who died between March-June 2020. Through an in-depth mixed-methods chart review, we identified 113 patient deaths (mean age: 87, 73% female, 67% with dementia). Forty-nine (43%) of deaths occurred in April 2020. Through a content analysis of clinician notes, we identified key COVID-related themes, including a shift to intensive phone-based care and to a lesser degree, telehealth; delays in hospice referrals and admissions; and an increase in treatment for behavioral symptoms. Our analysis also demonstrated the central role of family and paid caregivers in coordinating care, and efforts by patients, caregivers and providers to avoid hospital admissions. These findings demonstrate the importance of care coordination across medical, home and community partners to support end-of-life care in emergencies and beyond.
Translating Science Into Practice and Making It Stick: System-Level Approaches
Authors: Wray Laura , Curyto Kim , Sullivan Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The delay between establishing evidence-based practice and implementing this evidence base is well documented. This presentation will focus on the application of implementation science principles to real-world clinical programs. A VA priority is to implement evidence-based practice for management of DBD in CLCs. Key implementation science concepts will be introduced, along with a description of how these conceptual models facilitate application of roll-out and sustainment of complex evidence-based interventions. Conceptual frameworks that contributed to intervention selection and facilitation of STAR-VA implementation, including the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Knowledge Reservoirs (KR) framework, and their application in health care practice, will be discussed. The CFIR Expert Recommendation for Implementing Change (ERIC) Mapping Tool will be introduced as useful to identify strategies that address barriers to sustaining implementation. Attendees will be provided with resources to support implementation and sustainment efforts.
Changes in Modes of Social Contact and Their Links With Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Finch Laura , Hawkley Louise 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing has been emphasized for older adults because of their greater physical health risks. Using data from the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project (NSHAP), we examined how older adults may have changed their frequency of contact with others via various modes (i.e., in-person, phone calls, messages, and video calls) since the pandemic started, and how these choices may be impacting their mental health. From September 2020 through January 2021, NSHAP respondents (N=2,554 age 50-94 with data from 2015-16) completed a survey via web, phone, or paper-and-pencil. Although some older adults reported reducing their in-person contact with out-of-household family (38%) and friends (40%) since the pandemic started, some also increased contact with them via remote modes such as phone calls (25% and 16% with family and friends respectively); emails, texts, or social media messages (26 and 21%); and video calls (24 and 18%). Net of demographics, living alone, survey mode, and 2015-16 levels of the respective mental health variables, those who decreased in-person contact with family were less happy (B=-0.12, SE=0.06, p=.035), had higher loneliness scores (B=0.23, SE=0.09, p=.011), and more frequently felt depressed (B=0.10, SE=0.05, p=.055). In the presence of decreased in-person contact, increases in remote modes of contact had no net remediating impact—a pattern also found when analyzing contact with friends. Results indicate a persistent adverse effect of reduced in-person contact on mental health despite increased contact with family and friends via remote means.
Arterial Stiffness and Age Moderate the Association Between Physical Activity and Cognition in Older Adults
Authors: de la Colina Adrian Noriega , Badji Atef , Lamarre-Cliche Maxime , Bherer Louis , Girouard Hélène , Kaushal Navin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Evidence supports that time spent on physical activity has beneficial effects on cognition in older adults. Nevertheless, this beneficial effect is likely to change in function of individual modifying factors like age and level of arterial stiffness. This study aims to reveal whether arterial stiffness and age modulate the positive impact of physical activity on cognition by developing a double moderation model. Methods: 110 healthy older adults aged 60 to 75 years old were examined for arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity [cf-PWV]), global cognition (composite score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination), and self-reported physical activity (PACED diary). Using PROCESS macro for SPSS, we evaluated if cf-PWV (moderator 1), and age (moderator 2) moderate the relationship between physical activity (X) and global cognition (Y). The threshold for high stiffness was set at 8.5 m/s based on previous studies that reported this cut-off more appropriate for classifying cerebrovascular risk groups. Results: The interaction of arterial stiffness x age moderated the effect of physical activity on global cognition (β=-.89, SE=.42, p=.037) (Model: R2=.15, p=.018). Physical activity had a positive effect on cognition in younger-older adults (aged 60 to 68.5 years) with cf-PWV&gt;8.5 m/s (β=.57, SE=.222, p=.011, 95% CI.133 to 1.014) and on older-older adults (aged 68.6 to 75 years) with cf-PWV&lt;8.5 m/s (β=.49, SE=.190, p=.010, 95% CI=.116 to .869). Conclusions: Identifying the right age groups and arterial stiffness levels at which physical activity can have beneficial effects on cognition is a key step in providing tailored behavioral interventions.
Evaluation of Minnesota’s Long-Stay Nursing Home Quality Indicators
Authors: Xu Dongjuan , Lewis Teresa , Rurka Marissa , Arling Greg 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Minnesota Nursing Home Report Card provides 19 clinical quality indictor (QI) ratings. Currently, face validity and expert opinions are employed to group the 19 long-stay QIs into 10 different domains. However, we do not know whether these domains are supported by the data. Under the current scoring program, some QIs may not discriminate very well between facilities. The objective was to evaluate the dimensionality of the QIs and the current scoring approach used to assign points to the domain and total QI scores. Risk-adjusted facility-level rates for the 19 QIs over the 2012-2019 period were used. Our findings indicate it is reasonable to categorize these QIs into 4 domains. Moreover, the current scoring approach is best suited for a facility QI distribution that is approximately normal. However, 11 QIs display a skewed distribution with facilities tightly grouped at the very bottom (floor) or top (ceiling) of the QI distribution. Our findings suggest that the current scoring approach may distort or exaggerate the differences in the QI rates with skewed distributions, assigning widely varying points to facilities that vary little in their QI rates. We recommend a zero-error approach for highly skewed QIs where the QI outcome is achievable and it reflects a serious quality problem. Our study of the QI scoring system is part of a package of recommendations to improve the Minnesota Nursing Home Report Card and value-based reimbursement system. Lessons learned from the study are readily applicable to Medicare’s Nursing Home Compare report.
Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Comorbid Cardiometabolic Dysfunction in Women: The SWAN Study
Authors: Leis Aleda , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Baylin Ana , El Khoudary Samar , Jackson Elizabeth , Gutierrez Carrie Karvonen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity are risk factors for atherosclerosis but their combined impact is unknown. The aim of this study was to quantify the added risk of obesity on carotid artery intima media thickness (cIMT), an early indicator for atherosclerosis, beyond MetS alone. The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) is a multi-center, multi-ethnic cohort of women traversing the midlife into early late adulthood. cIMT was assessed between 2005-2007 and MetS, obesity and covariates were measured at the same time. This cross-sectional analysis is restricted to 1,433 women with a body mass index ≥18.5 kg/m2 and free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) when cIMT was measured. Mean maximum cIMT was related to obesity, MetS and their interaction using multivariable linear regression models. The average age was 60 years (standard deviation 2.7) and the prevalence of obesity and MetS were 44% and 35%, respectively. Both conditions occurred in 24% of women. After adjustment for age, race, smoking, family history of heart disease, and antilipemic medications, obese women had a 0.051mm (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.033,0.070; p&lt;0.001) larger maximum cIMT versus women not obese and women with MetS had a 0.066mm (95%CI: 0.042,0.090; p&lt;0.001) larger maximum cIMT versus women without MetS. There was a statistically significant antagonistic interaction between obesity and MetS; women with both had a mean cIMT of 0.972mm (95%CI: 0.955,0.989) and MetS alone a cIMT of 0.961mm (95%CI:0.938,0.983). This suggests that there is only a small risk of obesity on augmenting cIMT beyond MetS alone.
Psychological Impacts and Implications of Aging During a Pandemic
Authors: Mikels Joseph , Carstensen Laura , Charles Susan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Despite numerous losses associated with advanced age, older adults typically fare better than their younger counterparts in terms of psychological well-being. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately threatened the physical and mental well-being of older adults. How have older versus younger adults been doing? The goal of our symposium is to shed light on this question though presentations of intriguing research findings regarding the psychological impacts of the pandemic on older adults. Stone and Mak will describe their work examining momentary changes in affect, activities, locations, and social interactions over time during the first several months of the pandemic for older individuals. Mikels and colleagues will report on completed and ongoing work illuminating the complex ways in which certain older adults have been faring well during the pandemic, whereas others not so much, with attention to underlying factors. Jeste will discuss a diverse line of research that has examined the relationships between loneliness, social isolation, and compassion in older adults before and during the pandemic. Chi and Carstensen will report on completed and ongoing research that links work and prosocial behavior to wellbeing with consideration of associated age differences. Collectively, these presentations will describe the complex and multifaceted psychological impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on older individuals, revealing the multiple ways in which they are resilient as well as vulnerable.
Age Differences in Emotion and Coping During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mikels Joseph , Young Nathaniel , Minton Alyssa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic unleashed a relentless stressor on the human species with numerous deadly risks. These risks have been disproportionately threatening to the health and wellbeing of older adults. Since April 2020, we have been studying how the pandemic has affected the emotional experiences of older and younger adults broadly in several studies. For instance, in one study, we found that older adults (N=176) experienced fewer negative emotions and coped with greater levels of agency than younger adults (N=181). In additional work, we have been examining how these age differences differ for older workers versus retirees as well as in minority populations. This work broadly supports and illuminates our recent theoretical framework that focuses on how evaluative appraisal processes underlie and contribute to age differences in emotional experience generally, but especially in the context of the stress experienced during a global pandemic.