bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fattening performance and carcass traits of implanted and supplemented grassfed bulls
Authors: Huerta-Leidenz Nelson , Jerez-Timaure Nancy , Godoy Susmira , Rodríguez-Matos Carlos , Araujo-Febres Omar 
Published: June 2021

Ninety-nine uncastrated males were randomly distributed into four grazing groups to examine variation in growth and carcass traits, due to the implant regime [Implantation of 72 miligrams (mg) of Ralgro® at day (d) 0 followed by its reimplantation at d 90 versus implantation of Revalor® at d 0 followed by 72 mg of Ralgro® at d 90)], and suplementation type [mineral supplementation (MS) versus strategic supplementation (SS)]. With a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, the analysis of variance included the treatments and their interaction (implant regimen x supplementation) as fixed effects, and the breed type as a random effect. The interaction was not significant; neither did the implant regimen on any growth trait (P > 0.05). Compared to MS, the SS group had a greater daily weight gain (779 vs. 541 grams; P < 0.001), required a shorter (38.3 d lesser) time of fattening to reach the end point (198.3 versus 236.6 d; P < 0.001) with a heavier liveweight (498. 2 vs. 474. 4 kilograms; P = 0.02) at an earlier age (29.4 vs. 30.­8 months; P < 0.001), with a higher carcass dressing percentage (59.13 vs 57.62 %; P = 0.03) and younger carcass bone maturity (P < 0.001). With the exception of thoracic depth, carcass traits did not vary with the implant regimen (P > 0.05). The use of aggressive implant regimens to improve growth or carcass characteristics of grazing bulls is not justified. SS is a feasible practice to improve fattening performance of grazing bulls but no beneficial impact on their carcass quality was expected.
Comportamiento animal y composición botánica de la dieta de ovinos apacentando estrella africana (Cynodon plectostachyus (L.) Pers.) en monocultivo y asociada con Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. y Guazuma ulmifolia (Lam.)
Authors: Pinto-Ruiz René , Pérez-Díaz Angélica Anahí , Hernández-Sánchez David , Guevara-Hernandez Francisco , Uriel-Trujillo Gerardo , Cadena-Iñiguez Pedro 
Published: June 2021

Se realizó el presente estudio para conocer el comportamiento en pastoreo y la composición botánica de la dieta seleccionada por ovinos apacentando una pradera de “estrella africana” (Cynodon plectostachyus) en monocultivo y el mismo pasto asociado con Leucaena leucocephala y Guazuma ulmifolia, en dos épocas del año (a). Las variables obtenidas en un periodo de 12 horas (h) fueron: los tiempos de pastoreo, ramoneo, rumia y descanso bajo sol o bajo la sombra de los árboles, asimismo se obtuvo en un espacio de 24 h, la frecuencia de orina y consumo de agua. Por otro lado, se midió la composición botánica de la dieta seleccionada por cada animal y la temperatura rectal de los ovinos apacentados en ambos tipos de praderas durante la época de sacas y de lluvias. Los resultados indicaron que el tiempo de pastoreo de los ovinos no fue modificado por el tipo de pradera en ambas estaciones del a. El tiempo de rumia fue mayor y el tiempo de descanso fue menor en los ovinos apacentando en la pradera arbolada. Se encontró que la temperatura corporal tomada por vía rectal disminuyó 0,25 y 0,38 °C en la época seca y de lluvia, respectivamente, en relación a los animales que apacentaron en praderas en monocultivo. Los ovinos comieron más follaje arbóreo y bebieron más agua durante la época seca, asociado con mayor actividad de ramoneo. En conclusión, el sistema silvopastoril modifica favorablemente las actividades diarias de los ovinos en pastoreo y brinda mayor confort y bienestar a los animales.
Pressureless sinterability study of ZrB2–SiC composites containing hexagonal BN and phenolic resin additives
Authors: FarahBakhsh Iman , Antiochia Riccarda , Jang Ho Won 
Published: June 2021

This research is dedicated to the role of different amounts of hexagonal BN (hBN: 0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5 wt%) on the pressureless sinterability of ZrB2–25 vol% SiC ceramics. Phenolic resin (5 wt%) with a carbon yield of ~40 % was incorporated as a binder to the powder mixtures and after initial cold pressing, the final sintering process was performed at 1900 °C for 100 min in a vacuum furnace. The as-sintered specimens were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results disclosed that the incorporation of 1.5 wt% hBN could increase the relative density to ~92%, while the sample with zero hBN content just reached ~81% of full densification. Appropriate hBN content not only facilitated the particle rearrangement during the cold pressing, but also removed the harmful oxide impurities during the final sintering. Nevertheless, the addition of higher amounts of hBN remarkably lessened the densification because of more delamination of the non-reacted hBN flakes and release and entrapment of more gaseous by-products induced by the reacted hBN phases.
On not-at-issueness in pictures
Authors: Esipova Maria 
Published: June 2021

In this paper, I make novel empirical observations about not-at-issue content in pictures, focusing on prohibition signs, and discuss the implications of these observations for our understanding of how meaning works in linguistic and non-linguistic systems. In particular, I show that for certain pieces of pictorial content, the at-issue vs. not-at-issue distinction is highly pragmatic, in a way that strongly resembles the restricting vs. non-restricting distinction in natural language modifiers. I, furthermore, demonstrate that such pieces of pictorial content also behave like modifiers for the purposes of ellipsis/anaphora resolution and alternative generation under only. Thus, I argue that the at-issue vs. not-at-issue distinction in these cases should, in fact, be analyzed in terms of restricting vs. non-restricting modification, rather than presuppositions contributed sublexically. These findings point to substantial parallels between pictures and natural language with respect to both pragmatic reasoning and compositional structuring of meaning.
Diagenetic Controls on the Formation of the Anarraaq Clastic-Dominated Zn-Pb-Ag Deposit, Red Dog District, Alaska
Authors: Reynolds Merilie A. , Gleeson Sarah A. , Creaser Robert A. , Friedlander Betsy A. , Haywood Jenny C. , Hnatyshin Danny , McCusker Jim , Waldron John W.F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Anarraaq clastic-dominated (CD) Zn-Pb-Ag deposit (Red Dog district, Alaska, USA) has an inferred mineral resource of 19.4 Mt at 14.4% Zn, 4.2% Pb, and 73 g/t Ag and is spatially associated with a separate ~1 Gt barite body. This study presents new cross sections and petrographic evidence from the Anarraaq area. The barite body, previously shown to have formed in a shallow subsurface environment akin to a methane cold seep, contains multiple generations of barite with locally abundant calcite masses, which are discordant to sedimentary laminae, and is underlain by an interval of massive pyrite containing abundant framboids and radiolarians. Calcite and pyrite are interpreted to have formed by methane-driven diagenetic alteration of host sediment at the sulfate-methane transition (SMT). The sulfide deposit contains two zones of Zn-Pb mineralization bounded by faults of unknown displacement. The dominant hydrothermal minerals are marcasite, pyrite, sphalerite, quartz, and galena. The presence of hydrothermal pseudomorphs after barite, early pyrite resembling diagenetic pyrite associated with the barite body, and hydrothermal quartz and sphalerite filling voids formed by dissolution of carbonate all suggest that host sediment composition and origin was similar to that of the barite body prior to hydrothermal mineralization. Rhenium-osmium isochron ages of Ikalukrok mudstone (339.1 ± 8.3 Ma), diagenetic pyrite (333.0 ± 7.4 Ma), and hydrothermal pyrite (334.4 ± 5.3 Ma) at Anarraaq are all within uncertainty of one another and of an existing isochron age (~338 Ma) for the Main deposit in the Red Dog district. This indicates that the Anarraaq deposit formed soon after sedimentation and that hydrothermal activity was approximately synchronous in the district. The initial Os composition of the Anarraaq isochrons (0.375 ± 0.019–0.432 ± 0.025) is consistent with contemporaneous seawater, indicating that a mantle source was not involved in the hydrothermal system. This study highlights the underappreciated but important role of early, methane-driven diagenetic processes in the paragenesis of some CD deposits and has important implications for mineral exploration.
Ondergronds bankieren; stand van de rechtspraak
Authors: Stahlie D.J. (Dorine) , de Zeeuw L.M. (Lisette) 
Published: June 2021

Ondergronds bankieren; stand van de rechtspraak
De bijdrage bespreekt hoe ondergronds bankieren via de witwasbepalingen kan worden aangepakt. Hoe wordt in de rechtspraak invulling gegeven aan het juridisch kader nu ondergronds bankieren zowel met crimineel als legaal geld kan plaatsvinden? Daarnaast wordt aandacht besteed aan de mogelijkheden om ondergronds bankieren via de Wft, de Wwft en fiscale bepalingen aan te pakken.
Tipos de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas vencedoras do prêmio nacional de inovação
Authors: Valois Reyza Reis Lira , Paula Silvio Luiz de , Santana Junior Celio Andrade de , Santos Claudinete De Fátima Silva Oliveira 
Published: June 2021

O objetivo geral desse trabalho é analisar os aspectos inovativos das Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs) ganhadoras da edição 2018/2019 do Prêmio Nacional de Inovação (PNI). Como arcabouço teórico, foram utilizados conceitos de empreendedorismo, inovação e políticas públicas de apoio à inovação. O estudo foi de natureza qualitativa, utilizando estudo de múltiplos casos, para tanto, foram pesquisadas as quatro empresas ganhadoras do prêmio na categoria microempresa, realizando-se para a coleta de dados entrevistas semiestruturadas com os sócios das empresas, pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionário. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Dentre os resultados, os sócios apresentaram papel relevante na condução das ações e direcionamento do tipo de inovação adotada, as organizações demonstraram uma cultura forte de inovação. Confirmou-se ainda a importância das políticas públicas de apoio a inovação nas MPEs.
Notions of Independence: Examples and Properties
Authors: Bandeira Bruno , Cerioli Márcia R. , Viana Petrucio 
Published: June 2021

We analyze the notions of independence of a set of postulates, proposed by G. Peano, E. H. Moore, A. Church and F. Harary, together with a presumably new notion inspired by H. M. Sheffer.	For each of these notions, we present a proper definition and give illustrative examples.	We give a complete picture of the implications between these notions of independence. Then, we make some additional observations that shed some light on these notions and some concepts related to them.
The Motto and the Enigma: Rhetoric and Knowledge in the Sixth Day of the Decameron
Authors: Andrei Filippo 
Published: June 2021

By reinterpreting the motto as a form of enigma, the article provides an epistemological reading of the Sixth Day of Giovanni Boccaccio’s. As a peculiar metaphorical tool, the motto conceals and reveals philosophical knowledge. Besides providing a link to the medieval enigma tradition, the motto shows the same formal features of the ancient Greek enigma with which pre-Socratic philosophers exercised their search for knowledge.
Figurative Language and Sex Wars in the Decameron
Authors: Migiel Marilyn 
Published: June 2021

Focusing on the novella of Maestro Alberto (1.10), Migiel argues that thecalls upon readers to be participants in the sex wars that it stages at the site of figurative language, and exhort readers to recognize ethical responsibility we have for the stories we may even unwittingly construct about men and women.
On Seneca, Mussato, Trevet and the Boethian “Tragedies” of the De casibus
Authors: Papio Michael 
Published: June 2021

In 1365 Boccaccio discovered Martial’sand concluded from a couple of their verses that Seneca the tragedian and Seneca the moralist were two distinct figures. This revelation renewed his interest not only in the tragedies themselves, but also in Mussato’s use of them and in Trevet’s commentaries. This essay explores Boccaccio’s perception of the ethical purpose of tragedy and the way he combined it with the lessons of thein order to create the “tragic” stories of the.
Effects of mannan oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and hematological parameters in sheep
Authors: Zheng Chen , Zhou Juwang , Zeng Yanqin , Liu Ting 
Published: June 2021

Background
Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) are a promising feed additive in animal husbandry due to mainly improving animal health status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of MOS on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and twelve hematological parameters in sheep.

Methods
Ninety-six healthy Hu rams with similar body weights were chosen and divided into four treatment groups (twenty-four rams in each group), in which four different doses of MOS were tested: 0%, 0.8%, 1.6% and 2.4% of the basal diet (on an as-fed basis).

Results
The results showed that supplementation dietary MOS did not affect feed intake, body weight, average daily weight gain, or ruminal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration; the ratio of individual fatty acids to total SCFAs, the C2/C3 ratio, and the hematological parameters in the sheep were also unaltered (P > 0.05). Conversely, supplementation dietary MOS increased the dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ash apparent digestibility (P < 0.05), and decreased the ruminal ammonia concentration in the sheep (P < 0.05), especially at a dose of 1.6%.

Conclusions
This indicates that supplementation dietary MOS improved nutrient utilization by the sheep and nitrogen metabolism in the rumen; however, the effects are too slight to interfere with the basal metabolism in the sheep.
Trends in maternal mortality in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al‐Meshari A. , Chattopadhyay S.K. , Younes B. , Hassonah M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To identify trends and factors related to maternal death, and areas that need improvement. Methods: A prospective national survey, a multistage sample of the hospitals of Saudi Arabia. The setting was a maternal mortality survey committee in Riyadh with field/area coordinators in different areas of the Kingdom. The subjects were women who died or who were dead on arrival in hospital during pregnancy or within 6 weeks of the end of pregnancy. All the data were coded and analyzed. EPINFO software was used to calculate the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and the relative risk for the necessary variables. Results: The MMR was 18 per 100 000 births (155/880 248). Mortality was higher in older multiparous women of low income and no education. Hemorrhage, both antepartum and postpartum, was the leading cause of maternal death, together with rupture of the uterus and abortive bleeding, constituting 43% of direct and 29% of total maternal deaths. Substandard care was identified in 73% of direct maternal deaths. Conclusion: The MMR in Saudi Arabia compares favorably with that of developed countries and the oil‐producing Gulf states. Improving the number of booked patients, especially older grand multiparas, increasing the availability of banked blood and adopting a positive approach towards life‐saving surgery are likely to reduce maternal deaths.
A simulation analysis of sequencing alternatives for JIT lines using kanbans
Authors: Lummus Rhonda R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSome companies use JIT techniques to increase flexibility for meeting changing customer demand. However, producing more than one product may require longer processing times or more setup time as production shifts between models. Using a simulated JIT process, this research investigates the effects of sequencing production given various product mix combinations and various setup or processing time additions.The results indicate sequencing does improve output of the JIT process when a second product is added. However, given large increases in setup or processing times, the sequencing logic may break down and throughput time may still increase. The size of the added processing/setup time may result in a bottleneck and control the output of the entire process. Large increases in setup time have a more adverse effect on the process than equivalent increases in processing time.
The management of gestational trophoblastic disease in developing countries such as malaysia
Authors: Sivanesaratnam V. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractGestational trophablastic disease is a common gynaecological problem in Malaysia. The incidence of molar pregnancy is 2.8 per 1000 deliveries, being more common amongst the Chinese. The preferred method of evacuation is suction curettage; complete evacuation of the uterus was not achieved at the first attempt in 25 per cent of cases. Partial moles in our centre comprised 30 per cent of all moles. This is potentially malignant and needs follow‐up for a complete mole. In the management of an invasive mole, chemotherapy should not be withheld in the presence of metastases and failure of regression of hCG. The role of prophylactic hysterectomy and prophylactic chemotherapy in the management of molar pregnancyis discussed “Selective preventive chemotherapy” in patients at “risk” appears appropriate. Chemotherapy remains the main modality of treatment for gestational trophoblastic tumours (GTT). We categorised our patients into low, medium and high‐risk groups; survivals were 100, 98, and 61.7 percent respectively. These patients when categorised according to FIGO staging had survivals of 100, 80, 78.6 and 68.2 per cent respectively for stages 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The reasons for the poor suvival in the ‘high‐risk’ group are discussed. Colour doppler blood flow studies are now being carried out; its role needs further evaluation. Surgery and radiotherapy have only a limited role in the management of these cases.
Changing face of gestational trophoblastic tumor
Authors: Martin B.H. , Kim J.H. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractDuring the years there have been many advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) with marked improvement in the outcome. At the same time in Korea there have been many social and economic changes which also have had a marked influence on the outcome. The purpose of this study was to review the changes that have occured among patients admitted to Il Sin Christian Hospital, Pusan, Korea over the past four dccades.
An empirical test of the rigid flexibility model
Authors: Collins Robert S , Cordon Carlos , Julien Denyse 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper summarises the findings of an empirical study to test the validity of the ‘rigid flexibility’ [Collins, R.S., Schmenner, R., 1993. Achieving rigid flexibility: factory focus for the 1990s. Eur. Manage. J., 11 (4) 443–447.] model for manufacturing strategy. The basic tenet of the model is that flexibility in manufacturing, and thereby responsiveness to market requirements, is achieved through simplicity in process and discipline in procedures. The empirical study was carried out using the merged Made in Europe (Hanson et al., 1994) and Made in Switzerland (Collins et al., 1996) database, derived from a benchmarking study of manufacturing practice and performance at some 800 plants in five European countries. The model is considered in relation to two other models for manufacturing strategy, namely the trade‐off and cumulative models. In addition, differences between countries in the adoption of the rigid flexibility model are also considered. The results of the empirical test of the rigid flexibility model were positive, and the model has proven to be valid and applicable in whole or in part across several European countries.
Conditional immortalization of hair cells from the inner ear
Authors: Holley M.C. , Nishida Y. , Grix N. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe aim of this work was to culture conditionally immortalized cells that possess the potential to differentiate into mechanosensory hair cells. Utricular epithelia at embryonic stage E16 were cultured from the vestibular system of the H2kbtsA58 transgenic mouse (Immortomouse) that carries a conditionally expressed immortalizing gene derived from the simian virus 40. Immunolabelling showed that the immortalizing transgene product, the T antigen (Tag), was expressed in utricular cells under permissive conditions and that it was inactivated under non‐permissive conditions. Several morphologically distinct cell types proliferated when Tag was expressed, including those that resembled fibroblasts, nerve cells and epithelial cells. Mixed cultures of cells from the utricle, passaged up to 50 times every 3–4 days over a period of 5 months, were subsequently allowed to differentiate for 10 days by transferring them to non‐permissive conditions. Monoclonal antibody markers were used to locate expression of hair cell specific antigens. One antibody that normally labels stereociliary bundles from postnatal stage P4–6 labelled cellular projections from a population of spheroid cells that were distributed across the culture surface. A second antibody that normally labels stereociliary bundles did not label the same structures. We conclude that utricular hair cell progenitors can be derived from the H2kbtsA58 transgenic mouse but that under the experimental conditions used they do not follow the normal pattern of differentiation.
Predictors of compliance with neuroleptic medication among inpatients with schizophrenia: a discriminant function analysis
Authors: Donohoe G. , Owens N. , O’Donnell C. , Burke T. , Moore L. , Tobin A. , O’Callaghan E. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryObjective. To identify clinically useful predictors of adherence to medication among persons with schizophrenia. Method. We evaluated levels of compliance with neuroleptic medication among 32 consecutive admissions with DSM-III-R schizophrenia from a geographically defined catchment area using a compliance interview. We also assessed symptomatology, insight, neurological status and memory. Results. Less than 25% of consecutive admissions reported being fully compliant. Drug attitudes were the best predictor of regular compliance, symptomatology the best predictor of noncompliance, and memory the best predictor of partial compliance with neuroleptic medication. Conclusions. These data emphasise the complexity of factors that influence whether a person adheres to his medication regimen. Furthermore, they suggest that these factors may vary within the same person over time.
Differences in interleukins’ patterns between dysthymia and major depression
Authors: Schlatter J. , Ortuño F. , Cervera-Enguix S. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWe assessed whether cytokine production–interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα)–is affected in depressed patients, dysthymia (Dt) and major depression (MD), and its association with various parameters of severity and clinical course. We found a possible different pattern of interleukin production between Dt and MD.
Holding company affiliation versus branching by independent banks: A cost analysis for interstate banking
Authors: Chen Joyce T. , Chen Chong‐Tong , Rezvanian Rasoul 
Published: July 2002

AbstractProhibition of interstate branching forced nearly all banks interested in interstate expansion to establish holding company affiliations. But it is not clear whether holding‐company affiliation or branching by independent banks is preferable for consumers. By contrasting 1994 data of consolidated multibank holding companies with that of independent banks with branches, we assess their relative scale economies and cost advantages by asset size. Our analysis supports the assertion of the U. S. Department of Treasury that expansion through interstate branching would provide immediate cost savings and increase consumer benefits.