bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic and functional trait-based community assembly within Pacific Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae): evidence for clustering at multiple spatial scales
Authors: Johnson Melissa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tropical rainforest communities are often characterized by a small number of species-rich genera that contribute disproportionately to the alpha diversity in these habitats. In the Pacific Basin there are nearly 200 species of Cyrtandra, most of which are white-flowered woody shrubs that are single-island endemics. Within these island communities, multiple Cyrtandra species are commonly observed to occur sympatrically in wet forest understories, forming swarms of what appear to be ecologically similar taxa. The aim of this study was to determine if communities of these plants are randomly assembled with respect to phylogenetic relatedness and traits that are ecologically relevant. Using a combination of ten functional traits and a well-resolved species phylogeny, I examined community assembly within 34 species of Cyrtandra across three Pacific archipelagoes. Coexisting species were generally found to be more closely related and more phenotypically similar than would be expected by chance. This pattern was observed at both broad (island communities) and fine (site communities) spatial scales. The retention of phylogenetic signal in floral traits and the strong influence of these traits on the observed degree of phylogenetic clustering may indicate that pollinators act as a biotic filter for closely related species of Cyrtandra. In contrast, the absence of phylogenetic signal in most leaf traits, coupled with the lower contribution of these traits to niche clustering, suggests that environmental filtering along this trait axis is minimal in the observed communities. This study supports the theory that plant communities are not randomly assembled, and instead, that niche-based processes structure biodiversity at broad and fine spatial scales in diverse congeneric species assemblages.
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation in Combination With Stroke.
Authors: Cha Jung Guen , Hong Jihoon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAs pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) include a right-to-left shunt, it can be accompanied by fatal complications such as stroke and brain abscess due to paradoxical embolism. There are few PAVM patients accompanied by concurrent pulmonary embolism, so the treatment sequence has not been established. Case presentationA 62-year-old female patient was transferred to our hospital with a simple PAVM and concurrent bilateral pulmonary embolism (PE). The acute thromboembolus was extended to the proximal segmental artery where the feeding artery originated. Anticoagulation was started, but on the fifth day of admission, the patient complained of left side weakness and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed an acute infarction in the right lateral thalamus. This situation could lead to a dilemma between the risk of thrombus migration during catheter manipulation in PAVM embolization and another embolic event due to the late occlusion of the shunt during anticoagulation. This complex situation was successfully managed with delayed endovascular embolization for PAVM after four months of anticoagulation. The cause of PE in this patient was eventually diagnosed as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).ConclusionThe authors reported a rare case of APS-induced PE in the PAVM feeding artery course that led to stroke during hospitalization. We successfully treated this patient with delayed endovascular embolization for PAVM after anticoagulation for PE and stroke. It is thought to be valuable in deciding for a treatment plan for this rare condition.
A Successful Individual Endodontic Treatment of Severely Curved Root Canals in Mandibular Second Molars: A Case Report
Authors: Xu Laijun , zhang jianying , huang zihua , wang xiangzhu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background and Overview

The incidence rate of severely curved root canals in mandibular molars is low, and the root canal treatment of mandibular molars with this aberrant canal anatomy may be visibly and technically challenging.

Case Description

A 26-year-old Chinese female patient presented with intermittent and occlusal pain in the left mandibular second molar. The patient had undergone caries for filling restoration before endodontic consultation. With the aid of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), a large periapical radiolucency was observed, and curved root canals in a mandibular second molar were confirmed, depicting a severe and curved distolingual root. Nonsurgical treatments, including novel individual preparation skills and techniques and the use of bioceramic materials as an apical barrier, were performed, and complete healing of the periapical lesion and a satisfactory effect were achieved.

Conclusions and Practical implications

A case of a severely curved root canal in a mandibular second molar was successfully treated and reported herein. The complex anatomy of the tooth and the postoperative effect were also evaluated via the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CBCT images, which accurately identified the aberrant canal morphology. Furthermore, new devices and biomaterial applications combined with novel synthesis techniques can increase the success rate of intractable endodontic treatment.
Electrophysiological assessment of peripheral nerves and neuro-muscular junctions in patients following self-poisoning with paraquat
Authors: Jayasinghe Sudheera S , Pathirana Kithsiri D , Wunnapuk Klintean , Mithunika A W K , Chandrasiri H M N W , Hansani J K N , Dawson Andrew H , Buckley Nick A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Paraquat is neurotoxic. We aimed to study the electrophysiological effects of peripheral nerves and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in the survivors of paraquat poisoning. A cohort study was conducted on patients following paraquat poisoning. Controls were recruited. The assessments were performed around one and six weeks after the exposure. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), F-wave studies, cardiovascular response to different stimuli, sympathetic skin response (SSR) studies, and exercise modified supramaximal slow repetitive stimulation (RNS) and electromyography (EMG) were performed. There were 28 (21 males) patients and 56 controls. The mean (SD) age of the patients and the controls were 29 (12) and 31 (11) years. Significant impairment at the first assessment in the SNCV of ulnar nerve, amplitude of ulnar nerve CMAP on distal stimulation, and F-wave occurrence in median, ulnar and tibial nerves; change of systolic blood pressure three minutes after standing and SSR amplitude ( vs controls) was observed. All parameters reverted to normal at six weeks after the exposure. There was electrophysiological evidence for somatic nerve, autonomic, and NMJ dysfunction following acute paraquat poisoning which was not seen at six weeks after the exposure.
MiR-20a-5p is Multifunctional Regulator in Chickens Immune Responses Induced by NDV, IBDV and AIV Vaccines Respectively
Authors: Wu Yiru , Liu Yang , Wang Qiuyuan , Wen Jie , Han Jianwei , Tian Yufei , Man Chaolai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
MiR-20a is an important regulator of immune function. To further explore the expression and functional characteristics of miR-20a in different immune responses, the spatiotemporal expression characteristics of miR-20a-5p in the immunized chicken models induced by three poultry vaccines (infectious bursal disease attenuated vaccine, Newcastle disease attenuated vaccine and avian influenza inactivated vaccine) were analyzed. The results showed that the expression levels of serum circulating miR-20a-5p were significantly different in different stage of the three immune responses. The expression patterns of tissue miR-20a-5p at two time points (5dpi and 21dpi) were similar between ND group and H9 group, but different from IBD group, and the spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were the possible key tissues for miR-20a-5p playing immune regulatory functions in different immune responses. This study showed that miR-20a-5p was a multifunctional key factor involved in different immune responses, and provided a reference for further exploring the immune regulation function and potential application of miR-20a.
Functional Interaction Between S100A1 and MDM2 May Modulate p53 Signaling in Normal and Malignant Endometrial Cells
Authors: Nakagawa Mayu , Higuchi Shyoma , Hashimura Miki , Oguri Yasuko , Matsumoto Toshihide , Yokoi Ako , Ishibashi Yu , Ito Takashi , Saegusa Makoto 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
S100A1 expression is deregulated in a variety of human malignancies, but its role in normal and malignant endometrial cells is unclear.
Methods
We used endometrial carcinoma (Em Ca) cell lines to evaluate the physical and functional interaction of S100A1 with p53 and its negative regulator, mouse double minute 2 (MDM2). We also evaluated the expression of S100A1, p53, and MDM2 in clinical samples consisting of 89 normal endometrial and 189 Em Ca tissues.
Results
S100A1 interacted with MDM2 but not p53 in Em Ca cell lines. Treatment of cells stably overexpressing S100A1 with Nutlin-3A, an inhibitor of the p53/MDM2 interaction, increased expression of p53-target genes including p21waf1 and BAX. S100A1 overexpression enhanced cellular migration, but also sensitized cells to the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of Adriamycin, a genotoxic agent; these phenotypes were abrogated when S100A1 was knocked down using shRNA. In clinical samples from normal endometrium, S100A1 expression was significantly higher in endometrial glandular cells of the middle/late secretory and menstrual stages when compared to cells in the proliferative phases; high S100A1 was also positively correlated with expression of MDM2 and p21waf1 and apoptotic status, and inversely correlated with Ki-67 scores. However, such correlations were absent in Em Ca tissues.
Conclusion
The interaction between S100A1 and MDM2 may modulate proliferation, susceptibility to apoptosis, and migration through alterations in p53 signaling in normal-but not malignant-endometrial cells.
The Safety and Feasibility of Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Management in Non-intubated Subxiphoid-subcostal Thoracoscopic Thymectomy: Preliminary Results
Authors: Cao Peng , Hu Shan , Xu Qiaoqiao , Kong Kangle , Han Peng , Yue Jiaqi , Deng Yu , Qu Wensheng , Yi Zhang , Li Fan , Zhao Bo , Yang Ziheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Intubated general anesthesia and single-lung ventilation are considered mandatory for conventional thoracoscopic surgery. Non-intubated thoracoscopic thymectomy is technically challenging. The aim of this article was to present the initial results of non-intubated subxiphoid-subcostal thoracoscopic thymectomy (NI-STT) under LMA management for patients with thymic tumor or myasthenia gravis (MG) and to investigate the feasibility and safety of the procedure. A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing NI-STT for thymic tumor or MG at our department from January 2017 to January 2020 was performed. The clinical characteristics and perioperative outcomes of the patients were reviewed and analyzed. A total of 61 patients were received NI-STT in this analysis, of which 19 patients with MG undergone an extended thymectomy and the rest (n=42) undergone a partial thymectomy. The anesthetic induction duration, surgical duration and global operating room duration were 24.83±12.27 min, 118.75±32.49 min and 173.51±41.80 min, respectively. The lowest SpO2 and peak EtCO2 during operation were 96.15±2.93 mmHg and 41.79±7.53 mmHg, respectively. The mean duration of chest drainage and postoperative hospital stays were 1.87 days, and 2.91 days, respectively. Three cases had sore throat and irritable cough and two cases suffered nausea and vomiting occurred. one patient suffered from an atrial fibrillation, two patients experienced pneumonia, and one patient suffered wound infection, respectively. There were no phrenic nerve paralysis and mortality occurred in the study group. The postoperative pain was low on 1,3, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 180 postoperative days. NI-STT was a technically safe and feasible approach for treating thymic tumors or MG. It could be an alternative to intubated single-lung ventilation for thymectomy in selected patients.
Analysis of Supportive Care Needs and Related Factors of Colorectal Cancer Patients in China
Authors: Dong Bei , Yuan Yang , Lin Lu , Guo Daoxia , Qi Yishu , Xie Congyan , Tian Li 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to clarify the supportive care needs and related factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in China through investigation and study, and then provide a reference for the formulation of relevant interventions and ultimately improve their quality of life.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the oncology and radiotherapy departments of four first-class hospitals in Suzhou from January 2020 to September 2020. The survey tools included the general information questionnaire, Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool in cancer for patients, M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale. Spearman correlation analysis, univariate analysis, and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were adopted to explore the influencing factors of supportive care needs.Results: A total of 403 CRC patients were included, with an average age of 58.83±10.86 years, including 257 males (63.77%); the average score of supportive care needs was 39.56±18.58, the scores of health care staff need and information needs ranked the top two. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the supportive care needs were positively correlated with symptom severity, symptom interference, anxiety, and depression. Univariate analysis displayed higher levels of supportive care needs among female, single/divorced/widowed, rectal cancer, and palliative care patients. Multiple stepwise regression analysis combining the results of correlation analysis and univariate analysis found that anxiety, symptom interference, symptom severity, and cancer type all affected the supportive care needs of CRC patients. The differences were significant, which can explain 35% of the variation.Conclusions: In the supportive care needs management of colorectal cancer patients, it is necessary to attach great importance to health care staff and information needs, focus on female, single/divorced/widowed, rectal cancer, and palliative care patients, and pay great attention to reducing the symptom burden, anxiety, and depression when formulating intervention strategies.
Use of Public Transport and Contraction of SARS-CoV-2 in a Large Prospective Cohort in Norway.
Authors: Ellingjord-Dale Merete , Kalleberg Karl Trygve , Istre Mette , Nygaard Anders B. , Brunvoll Sonja H. , Eggesbø Linn M. , Dahl John Arne , Kjetland Eyrun F. , Ursin Giske , Søraas Arne 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: For many people public transport is the only mode of travel, and it can be challenging to keep the necessary distances in such a restricted space. The exact role of public transportation and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is not known. Methods: Participants (n=121 374) were untested adult Norwegian residents recruited through social media who in the spring of 2020 completed a baseline questionnaire on demographics and use of public transport. Incident cases (n=1069) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test registered at the Norwegian Messaging System for Infectious Diseases by January 27, 2021. We investigated the association between use of public transport and SARS-CoV-2 using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, calendar time, gender, municipality, smoking, income level, fitness and underlying medical conditions were estimated. Frequency of use of public transport was reported for 2 week-periods. Results: Before lockdown, those who tested positive on SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to have used public transport 1-3 times (OR =1.28, CI 1.09-1.51), 4-10 times (OR=1.49, CI 1.26-1.77) and ≥11 times (OR=1.50, CI 1.27-1.78, p for trend<0.0001) than those who had not tested positive. Conclusion: Use of public transport was positively associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 both before and after lockdown.
Psychometric Comparison of the Persian Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale and Emotional Eater Questionnaire Among Iranian Adults
Authors: Ghafouri Sahar , Abdollahi Abbas , Hagi Maryam , Ganbari Ali , Asmundson Aleiia J.N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale (SEES) and the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) are self-reported measures developed to evaluate emotional eating in adults in Western countries. To date, the psychometric properties of the SEES and the EEQ have not been studied among Iranian adults. The aim of the current study is to translate the SEES and the EEQ from English to Persian and examine the psychometric properties of the SEES and EEQ.Method: The sample of this study comprised of 489 Iranian adults who completed the SEES and the EEQ questionnaires online. Results: Findings of face, content, and construct validity tests confirmed that the SEES and the EEQ had acceptable validity and appropriate reliability. The results from confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable goodness-of-fit indices for two measures. Conclusion: Results of Average Variance Extracted, Construct Reliability, and goodness-of-fit indices showed that the SEES was better for evaluating emotional eating among Iranian adults than the EEQ.
The Prevalence of Ocular Demodex folliculorum in 2253 Young Males The Prevalence of Ocular Demodex folliculorum
Authors: Ye Qian , Wang Yunpeng , Yan Weiming , Chen Meizhu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
AimTo determine the prevalence and influencing factors of Demodex folliculorum (DF) in the eyelashes of healthy young males.MethodsAn epidemiological cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted. A total of 2253 healthy young males (aged 17-24 years) were studied for the presence of DF within eyelash follicles. The presence of DF was analyzed according to various factors.ResultsThe total prevalence of DF was 20.73% in our study. Subjects with history of myopia correction surgery had a statistically significant increase in the positive rate of DF (P<0.001). The positive rate was higher in subjects with ocular symptoms than in those without symptoms (P<0.05). Factors such as the educational level, long-term residence, annual household income, sleep time, time of using electronic products, smoke and drinking habits, had no significant correlation with the DF positive rate (all P>0.05). According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the history of myopic correction surgery was the risk factors of DF infection (P<0.001). There was no correlation between ocular discomfort and DF infection (P>0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of DF in eyelash follicles in healthy young men was relatively high. The history of myopic correction surgery was an important risk factor for the infection.
Near-field Strong Plasmonic Resonances in Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.8Se1.2 Topological Insulator Film
Authors: Guo Baoshan , Yao Huan , Zhan Ningwei , Jiang Lan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Topological insulators are a new class of quantum materials with metallic (edge) surface states and insulating bulk states. They exhibit various novel electronic and optical properties that make them highly promising electronic, spintronic, and optoelectronic materials. Our report confirms that the topological insulator Bi 1.5 Sb 0.5 Te 1.8 Se 1.2 (BSTS) is also an effective plasmonic material in the visible and near-infrared range. A BSTS film can effectively control transmission and reflection characteristics by changing the period of the hole array. This study determined that a strong resonant surface plasmonic mode at the resonance peak can confine approximately 80% of the electromagnetic field energy is demonstrated. Higher-order (second- and third-order) resonance peaks were also found, which is critical for controlling electromagnetic waves and research into new optoelectronic devices.
Interfacial reactions in lithia-based cathodes depending on the binder in the electrode and salt in the electrolyte
Authors: Im Hee Jeong , Park Yong Joon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lithia (Li2O)-based cathodes, utilizing oxygen redox reactions for obtaining capacity, exhibit higher capacity than commercial cathodes. However, they are highly reactive owing to superoxides formed during charging, and they enable more active parasitic (side) reactions at the cathode/electrolyte and cathode/binder interfaces than conventional cathodes. This causes deterioration of the electrochemical performance limiting commercialization. To address these issues, the binder and salt for electrolyte were replaced in this study to reduce the side reaction of the cells containing lithia-based cathodes. The commercially used polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder and LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte easily generate such reactions, and the subsequent reaction between PVDF and LiOH (from decomposition of lithia) causes slurry gelation and agglomeration of particles in the electrode. Moreover, the fluoride ions from PVDF promote side reactions, and LiPF6 salt forms POF3 and HF, which cause side reactions owing to hydrolysis in organic solvents containing water. However, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder and LiTFSI salt decrease these side reactions owing to their high stability with lithia-based cathode. Further, thickness of the interfacial layer was reduced, resulting in decreased impedance value of cells containing lithia-based cathodes. Consequently, for the same lithia-based cathodes, available capacity and cyclic performance were increased owing to the effects of PAN binder and LiTFSI salt in the electrolyte.
Propylimidazole Functionalized Coumarin Derivative as Dual Responsive Fluorescent Chemoprobe for Picric Acid and Fe3+ Recognition: DFT and Natural Spring Water Applications
Authors: ELMAS Şükriye Nihan KARUK , Karagoz Abdurrahman , Arslan Fatma Nur , Yilmaz Ibrahim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A propylimidazole functionalized coumarin derivative (IPC) was fabricated for the first time and applied as a dual responsive fluorescent chemoprobe for sensitive and selective recognitions of picric acid (PA) and Fe3+. Strong fluorescence quenching phenomena of the IPC were observed in H2O/ACN (5/95, v/v) medium (λem=408 nm) upon the additions of Fe3+or PA. The fabricated dual responsive IPC offered good selectivity and sensitivity with the low limit of detection values (0.92 µM for PA and 0.22 µM for Fe3+) lower than the acceptable amounts of Fe3+ and PA by the international official authorities. The interaction phenomena of IPC with PA and Fe3+ based on the findings of a range of experiments were considered and DFT computations were done to verify their recognition mechanisms. The sensing phenomena of IPC towards PA (1:1) and Fe3+ (3:1) were confirmed by the MALDI TOF–MS, FT–IR, 1H–NMR titration and Job's methods. Furthermore, the compound IPC was effectively applied as a fluorescent sensor for Fe3+ and PA detection in real natural spring water samples.