bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Microbubble–Facilitated Inner Ear Delivery of Gold Nanoparticles Involves Transient Disruption of the Tight Junction Barrier in the Round Window Membrane
Authors: Lin Yi-Chun , Shih Cheng-Ping , Chen Hsin-Chien , Chou Ying-Liang , Sytwu Huey-Kang , Fang Mei-Cho , Lin Yuan-Yung , Kuo Chao-Yin , Su Hsiao-Han , Hung Chia-Lien , Chen Hang-Kang , Wang Chih-Hung 
Published: June 2021

The application of ultrasound microbubbles (USMBs) enhances the permeability of the round window membrane (RWM) and improves drug delivery to the inner ear. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of USMB-aided delivery of chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (CS-AuNPs) and the mechanism of USMB-mediated enhancement of RMW permeability. We exposed mouse inner ears to USMBs at an intensity of 2 W/cm2 and then filled the tympanic bulla with CS-AuNPs or fluorescein isothiocyanate-decorated CS-AuNPs (FITC-CS-AuNPs). The membrane uptake of FITC-CS-AuNPs and their depth of permeation into the three-layer structure of the RWM, with or without prior USMB treatment, were visualized by z-stack confocal laser scanning microscopy. Ultrastructural changes in the RWM due to USMB-mediated cavitation appeared as sunburn-like peeling and various degrees of depression in the RWM surface, with pore-like openings forming in the outer epithelium. This disruption of the outer epithelium was paralleled by a transient reduction in tight junction (TJ)-associated protein levels in the RWM and an enhanced delivery of FITC-CS-AuNPs into the RWM. Without prior USMB exposure, the treatment with CS-AuNPs also caused a noticeable reduction in TJ proteins of the RWM. Our findings indicated that the combined treatment with USMBs and CS-AuNPs represents a promising and efficient drug and gene delivery vehicle for a trans-RWM approach for inner ear therapy. The outer epithelial layer of the RWM plays a decisive role in controlling the transmembrane transport of substances such as CS-AuNPs following the administration of USMBs. Most importantly, the enhanced permeation of AuNPs involved the transient disruption of the TJ-created paracellular barrier in the outer epithelium of the RWM.
Protective Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Kidney Functions by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress Responses Through Activating PPARα in Rats With Diabetes
Authors: Jiang Hong-Wei , Zhou Yong , Zhou Pin-Yi , Zhang Tian-Yi , Hu Jing-Yao , Bai Xue-Tao 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the protective effects and the regulatory mechanisms of bariatric surgery on kidney injury in diabetic rats.MethodsWe established a useful type 2 diabetic rat model using high-fat and high-sugar diet feeding following low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control (Con) group, diabetic nephropathy (DN) group, and duodenal–jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery group. The food intake and body weight of rats were monitored and the glucose tolerance test (OGTT) test was performed every 2 weeks. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAFR) were measured to assess renal function. Hematoxylin–eosin (H&amp;E), periodic acid–Schiff (PAS), and Masson staining were used to evaluate renal histopathological changes. TUNEL assay was performed to detect cell apoptosis. The expressions of oxidative stress factors and inflammatory factors in the renal tissues of rats were detected by ELISA. The expressions of PPARα, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and NF-κB were detected by immunofluorescence. For in vitro experiment, HK2 cells cultured with high glucose were treated with PPARα agonist, PPARα antagonist, and adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist. The expressions of AMPK/PPARα/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot.ResultsBariatric surgery improved the glucose tolerance of DN rats. The GFR was decreased, the promotion of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was inhibited, and the renal injury was alleviated. The extracellular matrix fraction was decreased and the renal function was improved. Meanwhile, bariatric surgery activates PPARα, inhibits ROS release, reduces oxidative stress injury, and reduces renal cell apoptosis. In vitro experiment results showed that the AMPK activator could activate PPARα, downregulate NF-κB, and inhibit inflammatory response. The phosphorylation of AMPK was inhibited by PPARα antagonism.ConclusionBariatric surgery can activate PPARα, inhibit oxidative stress injury, and improve glucose metabolism and renal function in DN rats.
Evaluating Delivery of a CBT-Based Group Intervention for Schoolchildren With Emotional Problems: Examining the Reliability and Applicability of a Video-Based Adherence and Competence Measure
Authors: Rasmussen Lene-Mari Potulski , Patras Joshua , Handegård Bjørn Helge , Neumer Simon-Peter , Martinsen Kristin Dagmar , Adolfsen Frode , Sund Anne Mari , Martinussen Monica 
Published: June 2021

Adherence and competence are essential parts of program fidelity and having adequate measures to assess these constructs is important. The Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CAS CBT) was developed to evaluate the delivery of cognitive therapies for children with clinical anxiety. The present study is an assessment of the slightly adapted version of the CAS CBT evaluating the delivery of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based preventive group intervention: EMOTION: Kids Coping with Anxiety and Depression. This study was part of a Norwegian cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) investigating the effectiveness of a transdiagnostic intervention, the EMOTION program—an indicated prevention program targeting anxious and depressive symptoms. The applicability and psychometric properties of the CAS CBT were explored. Results are based on six raters evaluating 239 video-recorded sessions of the EMOTION program being delivered by 68 trained group leaders from different municipal services. Interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients, ICC [3, 1]) indicated fair to good agreement between raters. Internal consistency of the instrument's key domains was calculated using the Omega coefficient which ranged between 0.70 to 0.94. There was a strong association between the two scales Adherence and Competence, and inter-item correlations were high across the items, except for the items rating the adherence to the session goals. Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a brief measure for use in first-line services, with some promising features for easily assessing program fidelity, but some of the results indicated that the instrument should be improved. Future attention should also be made to adapt the instrument to fit better within a group setting, especially regarding evaluation of session goals. More research on how to adequately evaluate fidelity measures are also warranted.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02340637.
Does Listening to Music Improve Pain Perception and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Guo , Tang Cai , Liu Yuebai , Liu Yuhao , Dai Yi , Yang Luo 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To identify the effect of music on outpatient-based cystoscopy.Methods: We systematically reviewed the effect of music on all reported outpatient for cystoscopy and extracted data from randomized trials from inception to February 3, 2021, with no language restrictions. The analysis was completed via STATA version 14.2.Results: A total of 27 studies were initially identified, and 6 articles containing 639 patients were included in the final analysis. In terms of post-procedural pain perception, a pooled analysis of 6 articles containing 639 patients showed that music seems to improve discomfort in patients who undergo cystoscopy (WMD: −1.72; 95%CI: −2.37 to −1.07). This improvement remained consistent in patients undergoing flexible cystoscopy (FC) (WMD: −1.18; 95% CI: −1.39 to −0.98) and rigid cystoscopy (RC) (WMD: −2.56; 95% CI: −3.64 to −1.48). The music group also had less post-procedural anxiety than those in no music group during cystoscopy (WMD: −13.33; 95% CI: −21.61 to −5.06), which was in accordance with the result of FC (WMD: −4.82; 95% CI: −6.38 to −3.26) than RC (WMD: −26.05; 95% CI: −56.13 to 4.04). Besides, we detected a significantly lower post-procedural heart rate (HR) in the music group than no music group during cystoscopy (WMD: −4.04; 95% CI: −5.38 to −2.71), which is similar to the results of subgroup analysis for FC (WMD: −3.77; 95% CI: −5.84 to −1.70) and RC (WMD: −4.24; 95% CI: −5.98 to −2.50). A pooled analysis of three trials indicated that patients in the music group had significantly higher post-operative satisfaction visual analog scale (VAS) scores than those in the no-music group during RC. However, there was no significant difference between the music group and no music group regarding post-procedural systolic pressures (SPs) during cystoscopy (WMD: −3.08; 95% CI: −8.64 to 2.49). For male patients undergoing cystoscopy, the music seemed to exert a similar effect on decreasing anxiety and pain, and it might serve as a useful adjunct to increase procedural satisfaction.Conclusions: These findings indicate that listening to music contributes to the improvement of pain perception, HR, and anxiety feeling during cystoscopy, especially for male patients undergoing RC. Music might serve as a simple, inexpensive, and effective adjunct to sedation during cystoscopy.
Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation and Resistance Training on Body Composition and Maximal Strength in Trained Women
Authors: Sadeghipour Sonia , Mirzaei Bahman , Korobeynikov Georgiy , Tropin Yrui 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: to investigate the effect of WB-EMS training and resistance training on body composition and maximal strength in trained women.
Material and methods: 30 trained women (with a mean age of 25.70 ± 2.27 years, height of 1.63 ± 0.032 m, and weight of 60.46 ± 5.50 kg) were randomly divided into three groups of ten (WB-EMS training, strength training (ST), and control group (CG)). The training program was performed for 6 weeks and two sessions per week (WB-EMS: 20 minutes, 85 Hz, 350 µs, 6 s pulse duration, 4 s rest; and ST: 1-RM 60-80%, 3 sets, 8-12 repeats, 50-90 s rest between each set). In all three groups, BF%, LBM and Maximal Strength were measured before and after the training period.
Results: Intragroup comparison in WB-EMS group showed a significant difference in BF% and LBM (P ≤ 0.05); while in the intergroup comparison, no significant difference was observed between the WB-EMS group and CG. Also in ST group, BF% and LBM values did not show any significant changes. There was also a significant difference in Maximal Strength in the intragroup comparison between both WB-EMS and ST groups and a significant difference between the WB-EMS group and CG and between ST group and CG in the intragroup comparison after the test (P ≤ 0.05); while there was no significant difference between WB-EMS and ST groups.
Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be concluded that both types of exercise can improve maximal strength, although each of these exercises has its own benefits.
Logotherapy – an attempt to establish a new dialogue with one’s own life
Authors: Sipowicz Kasper , Podlecka Marlena , Pietras Tadeusz 
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with one of the schools of psychotherapy, namely the so-called logotherapy. This term comes from the Greek word logos – meaning. Therapy with the meaning of life – because we might call logotherapy so in other words – was developed by Viktor E. Frankl in the first half of the 20th century. That Vienna psychiatrist pointed out rightly that the greatest problem of the modern man is the inability to make sense in life, which gives rise to many mental disorders. In the paper we attempt to approximate both the theoretical assumptions of logotherapy and its practical application in work with the patient.
Attachment styles in children. Attachment Styles in the Family of Origin (ASFO)
Authors: Ryś Maria , Krasowska Zofia , Witerek Natalia 
Published: June 2021

Over the past few decades, the role of attachment in human life has been analyzed by many scientists. Attachment is one of the most basic motives of human behavior to provide a sense of security. Increasingly, the importance and impact of the attachment style shaped in childhood on interpersonal relationships in adulthood are emphasized. The child’s attachment to the parent is a prototype for later relationships with the spouse or other people from the immediate environment.
Authors of the article present a new research method - Attachment Styles in the Family of Origin (ASFO) - which can be helpful in determining the attachment style formed during childhood (up to the age of 12). The questionnaire consists of 4 scales measuring 4 attachment styles: safe style, anxious-ambivalent style, avoidant style and rejecting style.
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF Tinospora crispa MIERS STEM EXTRACT
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Pham , Bang Lam Hong , Nguyen Tran Thi Bao , Nguyen Tu Pham 
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted to analyze some of the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of Tinospora crispa stem extract. Tinospora crispa stem extract is a prerequisite for the production of products capable of supporting and treating diseases. Tinospora crispa stem extract is made by immersion method withsolvents (water, ethanol 80o and methanol) and combined with ultrasound. Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPHmethods and phenolic, flavonoid, polysaccharide, tannin content were determined by the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that the moisture content was 61.09% and high extraction efficiency of Tinospora crispa stem were between 3.69% and 6.95% respectively. The extract of Tinospora crispa stem contains the presence of biological compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, tannins and phenols. The phenolic, flavonoid, polysaccharide and tannin content of Tinospora crispa stem were318.91 mg gallic acid/g dry; 36.71 mg quercetin/g dry; 10.38 mg GE/g dry and 38.42 mg tannic acid/g dry respectively. Tinospora crispa stem has antioxidant ability by DPPH method with IC50 value of water, ethanol 80o and methanol 113.69 mg/mg; 89.12 mg/mg; 62.19 mg/mg, respectively. Thus, the Tinospora crispastem extract had bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities, is a potential source of raw materials for research and applications.
STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN LEAVES AND OIL OF Cananga odorata (Lam.) IN BEN TRE PROVINCE
Authors: Doan Chau Nguyen Minh , Nguyen Tin Thanh 
Published: June 2021

Investigation of the chemical composition of Cananga odorata(Lam.) leaves and essential oil in Ben Tre Province was conducted with steamenticing distillation method, extraction nhexane and Soxhlet with the solvents of nhexane, dietyl ether respectively. The results have determined the distillation conditions and the content of Cananga odorata (Lam.) essential oil by fresh weight and water volume is: 1: 3 (gram / ml)with distillation time: 3 to 4 hours. The content essential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) flower obtained in dry weight is 1.10% -1.26% and in fresh weight is 0.56% - 0.65%. The results of the study identified some physical and chemical indexes: the essential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) flower in Ben Tre is yellow, clear, has a stronger aroma and is lighter than water; Physical and chemical indices of the essential oil of Cananga odorata(Lam.) flower measured in three different lands of Ben Tre and collected during the same period showed: The density changed from 0.92 - 0.95; Refractive index varies from 1.4952 - 1.4991; The acid index varies from 0.13 to 0.38; The ester index ranged from 37.55 to 38.11; The saponification index ranged from 37.67 to 38.49. Mass SpectrometryMS method has been identified that the main chemical composition the essential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) flower in three regions are consistent with the results of the authors who have studied theessential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) flower in the North and include the following components: L-linalol, geraniol, geranyl axetat, benzyl benzoat, anđehit benzoic, etyl benzoat, D-germacren,... In which, the main ingredents of Cananga odorata (Lam.) flower in n-hexane extract are: benzyl benzoate, D-germacren,L-linalol, b-caryophyllen; The main components when make in dietyl ether are: benzyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, anisyl acetone, D-germacren; The main ingredients of Cananga odorata (Lam.) leaf inn-hexane extract include: L-linalol, transgeraniol, geranyl acetate,...From n-hexane solvent extract, we isolated, purified and determined the structure of the crystalline solid is benzyl benzoate.
Protokol Keluar dan Masuk Rumah Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Lestari Raja Fitrina , Lita Lita 
Published: June 2021

The spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia has significantly increased and become widespread throughout various areas and countries along with the spike of the number of cases and/or the number of deaths. Therefore, it needs accelerated handling in the form of Large-scale social restrictions (Indonesian: Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar or PSBB) in order to curb the spread of COVID-19. The aim of this outreach program is make videos on protocol to leave and enter the house during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used is to make the videos and then spread them to the community via social media. The aim of this activity is to provide useful information via social media, which is Youtube channel, about the protocol to leave and enter the house during COVID-19 pandemic. The result shows that there are advantages provided to the viewers, and the videos gained 28 likes, 65 subscribers, and have been watched 71 times. Regarding health protocol compliance, it is also hoped to provide assistance program for community by monitoring and reminding them to apply health protocol when both entering and leaving their houses amid the pandemic, and also by intensifying 3M campaign ( maintaining distance, washing hands, wearing masks) as well as 3T campaign (tracing, treatment, testing). Both are equally important to be well implemented in order to curb the spread of COVID-19
Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Komunikasi terhadap Motivasi dan Kinerja Pegawai di Kantor Ketahanan Pangan kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Dasmadi Dasmadi 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi dan komunikasi terhadap motivasi dan kinerja pegawai di Kantor Ketahanan Pangan Kabupaten Klaten. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan mengambil sampel 45 pegawai, Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode sensus Alat analisis menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil Uji t menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap motivasi. Komunikasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi. Kompensasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Komunikasi berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan variabel kompensasi, komunikasi, motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi Total 85,5%. Ini berarti bahwa kinerja pegawai dijelaskan oleh variabel kompensasi, komunikasi, motivasi sebesar 85,5% dan sisanya sebesar 14,5% dijelaskan variabel lain diluar model penelitian misalnya lingkungan kerja. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel intervening tidak effektif. Variabel kompensasi secara langsung efektif meningkatkan kinerja pegawai, karena mempunyai pengaruh yang paling besar, positip dan signifikan.
Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai di Sekretariat Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kota Tebingtinggi
Authors: Syafrizal Rodi 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari Kompensasi dan Lingkungan Kerja secara bersama-ssama terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai di Kantor Sekretariat Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kota Tebing Tinggi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan berdasarkan analisis data dan pembahasan hasil penelitian, peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa Variabel Kompensasi (X1) memiliki pengaruh yang negtif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Variabel Semangat Kerja (Y). sedangkan Variabel Lingkungan Kerja (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Variabel Semangat Kerja (Y). Namun secara bersama-sama (simultan) Variabel Kompensasi (X1), dan Variabel Lingkungan Kerja (X2) berpengaruh positif signifikan dan terhadap Variabel Semangat Kerja (Y). Dan berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasinya menunjukkan jika Variabel Kompensasi (X1) dan Variabel Lingkungan Kerja (X2) dapat menjelaskan Variabel Semangat Kerja (Y) sebesar 28,0%.
Rationalization of the organization of new industries and technological processes at the ship-repair enterprises of the Navy during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Половинкин В.Н. , Федулов С.В. , Соловьев Д.Н. , Мизиркина Н.Н. 
Published: June 2021

В годы Великой Отечественной войны руководством НКВМФ уделялось большое внимание рационализаторской работе на флоте. Что принесло ощутимые результаты в поддержании боевой готовности кораблей и частей ВМФ, в совершенствовании техники и средств вооружения, но прежде всего стало серьезным стимулом в развитии творческой инициативы командиров и краснофлотцев.
Не остались без внимания и такие флотские структуры как судоремонтные предприятия (заводы и мастерские флотов и флотилий). В 1943–1944 годы Техническое управление НКВМФ, с целью обобщения опыта рационализаторской работы судоремонта обратилось к руководителям этих предприятий с требованием представить для анализа и обобщения наиболее важные и значимые рационализаторские предложения, направленные на развитие производства и совершенствование технологических процессов. В 1944 году, на основе обобщенного опыта рационализаторской работы на судоремонтных предприятиях ВМФ Техническим управлением НКВМФ был издан сборник «Опыт судоремонта и освоение новых видов производства на судоремонтных предприятиях ВМФ в Отечественную войну». В данном документе, с целью распространения и использования, были представлены наиболее интересные и перспективные изобретения и рационализаторские предложения, разработанные и реализованные на судоремонтных предприятиях по 1944 год.
During the Great Patriotic War, the leadership of the NKVMF paid great attention to rationalization work in the fleet. This brought tangible results in maintaining the combat readiness of ships and units of the Navy, in improving equipment and weapons, but above all it became a serious incentive in the development of the creative initiative of commanders and Red Navy men.
Such naval structures as ship repair enterprises (factories and workshops of fleets and flotillas) did not go unnoticed either. In 1943-1944, the NKVMF Technical Directorate, in order to summarize the experience of the rationalization work of ship repair, turned to the heads of these enterprises with the requirement to submit for analysis and generalization the most important and significant rationalization proposals aimed at the development of production and the improvement of technological processes. In 1944, on the basis of the generalized experience of rationalization work at the naval shipyards, the NKVMF Technical Directorate published the collection "Experience of ship repair and the development of new types of production at naval shipyards in the Patriotic War." In this document, in order to disseminate and use it, the most interesting and promising inventions and rationalization proposals developed and implemented at shipyards until 1944 were presented.