bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grandmaternal age at reproduction affects grandoffspring body condition, reproduction and survival in a wild population of lizards
Authors: Bleu Josefa , Meylan Sandrine , Clobert Jean , Massot Manuel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Age at reproduction can influence the survival and future reproduction of an individual as well as that of their offspring. Remarkably, it has been shown that grandmaternal age at reproduction can also affect the characteristics of grandoffspring in humans and in laboratory or semi‐captive animals. However, currently we do not know whether grandmaternal age effects exist in wild populations.

We gathered data on female age at reproduction, offspring and grandoffspring characteristics using a 16‐year long‐term survey of a natural population of the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. The dataset contains 579 grandoffspring from 135 litters.

Body size at birth was not correlated with grandmaternal age at reproduction. However, grandoffspring body condition at birth, grandoffspring survival and reproductive performance of granddaughters were dependent on grandmaternal age. These relationships were independent of maternal age.

An age‐structured model showed that the global effect of grandmaternal age was nonlinear and was largely driven by its effect on grandoffspring survival. Fitness was higher for granddaughters produced by grandmothers of intermediate ages.

The study shows that age can shape life‐history traits for more than one generation, documenting the importance that grandmaternal age can have in wild populations.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Involvement of Component Auditors in Multinational Group Audits: Determinants, Audit Quality, and Audit Fees
Authors: CARSON ELIZABETH , SIMNETT ROGER , THÜRHEIMER ULRIKE , VANSTRAELEN ANN 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTWe study what determines the involvement of component auditors in multinational enterprise (MNE) group audits and the association with audit quality and audit fees. Using unique Australian disclosures of group audit fees paid to the principal and component auditors, we first document that MNE complexity, MNE internationalization, and auditor characteristics are associated with component auditor involvement, and extent and type of component auditor involvement. Next, we find that involvement of component auditors benefits audit quality as long as the principal auditor conducts a substantial amount of work. Once the involvement of component auditors exceeds a certain level, audit quality decreases. We also document that audit fees are higher in the presence of a component auditor and increase with the extent of involvement, irrespective of component auditor type. Our results contribute to the emerging literature on group audits and provide empirical evidence on regulatory concerns about group audit quality.
Potential food applications of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and rapid screening methods of nutritional traits by spectroscopic platforms
Authors: Thilakarathna Rankothge Chamodini Nisansala , Madhusankha Garusinghe Devage Malinda Prabhath , Navaratne Senevirathne Bandara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSorghum is a drought‐resistant crop widely spread in tropical regions of the American, African, and Asian continents. Sorghum flour is considered the main alternative for wheat flour, and it exhibits gluten‐free nature. Generally, conventional wet chemical methods are used to analyze the nutritional profile of sorghum. Since many sorghum plants are available in breeding grounds, the application of conventional methods has limitations due to high cost and time consumption. Therefore, rapid screening protocols have been introduced as nondestructive alternatives. The current review highlights novel and portable devices that can be used to analyze the nutritional composition, color parameters, and pest resistance. Sorghum is often a traditional food item with minimal processing, and the review elaborates on emerging food applications and feasible food product developments from sorghum. The demand for gluten‐free products has been rapidly increasing in developed countries. In order to develop food products according to market requirements, it is necessary to screen high‐quality sorghum plants. Rapid analysis techniques effectively select the best sorghum types, and the novel tools have outperformed existing conventional methods.
Two‐component system in Rahnella aquatilis is impacted by the hyphosphere of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis
Authors: Duan Shilong , Declerck Stéphane , Zhang Lin , Feng Gu 
Published: December 2021

SummaryTwo‐component systems (TCS) are ubiquitous among bacteria, playing key roles in signalling events. However, to what extent the TCS of Rahnella aquatilis (a Phosphate solubilizing bacteria) is influenced by the hyphosphere of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Rhizophagus irregularis is totally unknown. Here, the expression of 16 genes encoding the TCS of R. aquatilis (i.e. involved in carbon‐sensing and nutrient‐sensing) and of eight genes regulated by the PhoR TCS (i.e. involved in inorganic and organic phosphorus mobilization) were analysed at regular intervals in presence of hyphae of R. irregularis. The study was conducted under in vitro culture conditions with phytate as the unique source of phosphorus. In presence of the AM fungus, the expression of TCS genes involved in carbon‐sensing and nutrient‐sensing were stimulated. Only, BaeS at 30 and 120 min, and BaeR at 60 min were inhibited. In addition, the PhoR TCS stimulated the expression of genes encoding phosphatase but inhibited the expression of genes involved in gluconic acid production. As the mechanism of coupling environmental changes with cellular physiological changes, TCS plays a pivotal role in regulating specific gene expression in R. aquatilis, recognizing environmental signals. More importantly, TCS genes may regulate bacteria response to hyphal carbon to mobilize phosphorus efficiently in the hyphosphere.
Electrocardiographic localization of peripherally inserted central catheter tip position in critically ill patients with advanced cancer: An application study
Authors: Chai Yong‐Hong , Han Su‐Ya , Zhu Yu‐Xin , Hou Jin‐Jie , Guan Xiao‐Hui , Yin Xin‐Xin , Zhang Feng‐Ying , Qiao Qin‐Zeng , Han Ling‐Min , Li JiangHua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe compared the methods of electrocardiogram (ECG) and X‐ray localization of the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) tip position, in order to find a more convenient, practical, and safe method.ObjectiveTo investigate the value of applying electrocardiographic localization of the PICC tip position in critically ill patients with advanced cancer in Hebei Province, China.MethodEnrolled 137 advanced cancers requiring PICC placement. The position of the catheter tip was localized with the bedside electrocardiogram in real time. Then, the localization was performed using a chest X‐ray (the gold standard). The accuracy of electrocardiographic location was checked.ResultsSpecific P waves were observed in 130 patients. No change in the P waves was observed for the remaining seven patients. The age of the latter group of patients was more advanced (87.29 [5.15] years), a significant difference to that of the 130 patients with specific P waves (71.58 [14.84] years) (t = −6.704, p < .001). Specific P waves not only involve ascendance in P waves but also ascendance in QRS waves.ConclusionsThe use of an ECG to localize the PICC tip in critically ill patients with advanced cancer may replace the unnecessary use of chest X‐rays. Specific P waves not only involve an increase in P waves but also an increase in QRS waves. If there is no change in the P wave, a chest X‐ray film must be obtained. In elderly patients, because there is a possibility of catheter tip malposition, a comprehensive evaluation should be performed before surgery.
The state of corporate sustainability reporting in India: Evidence from environmentally sensitive industries
Authors: Kumar Kishore , Kumari Ranjita , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the extent and nature of sustainability disclosure practices of companies from environmentally sensitive industries in India. It further investigates the influence of potential determinants on sustainability information disclosure of the companies. The study analyzed the data of 57 energy and mining companies included in NIFTY500 index at National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) for the period 2016 to 2019. In the present study, environment, social, and governance (ESG) parameters were considered to measure the corporate sustainability disclosure practices. Panel data analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of possible determinants on sustainability reporting. The results indicate that variables, such as firm size, market capitalization, and a standalone sustainability reporting, are positively associated with the sustainability information disclosure of companies. The finding also suggests that policymakers should promote a standalone sustainability reporting based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards and also broaden the existing scope of business responsibility reporting in India. Overall findings should help the policymakers and regulators to assess and advance the disclosure reforms to improve sustainability reporting in India.
A single Bayesian estimator for iohexol clearance estimation in ICU, liver failure and renal transplant patients
Authors: Destere Alexandre , Salmon Gandonnière Charlotte , Åsberg Anders , Loustaud‐Ratti Véronique , Carrier Paul , Ehrmann Stephan , Barin‐Le Guellec Chantal , Marquet Pierre , Woillard Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: December 2021

AimsIohexol clearance has been proposed to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A population pharmacokinetics (popPK) model was developed from heterogeneous patients. A Bayesian estimator (MAP‐BE) based on a limited sampling strategy (LSS) was derived and evaluated in external patients.MethodsFull pharmacokinetic data (7–12 samples) from 172 patients receiving iohexol for measurement of their GFR (unstable and stable ICU patients, liver failure patients and kidney transplant patients) were split into development (n = 136) and validation (n = 36) datasets. A PopPK model was developed in Monolix and was used to develop MAP‐BE based on LSS. Its performance for GFR estimation was evaluated in the validation set.ResultsA two‐compartment model with first‐order elimination best described the data. The final model included the type of patients on volume of distribution (Vd), clearance and intercompartmental constants, serum creatinine on clearance and body weight on Vd. The best LSS included samples at 0.1–1‐9 h exhibiting a relative mean prediction error (MPE) (RMSE) = −3.7% (14.3%) and better performance than the Bröchner‐Mortensen formula (−3.0%/17%). Split by type of patients, the highest interindividual variability and imprecision was observed in unstable ICU patients (MPE (RMSE) = 3.7% (18.8%)) while the best performances were obtained for renal transplant patients (MPE (RMSE) = 1.0% (5.8%)). All LSS that included samples before 9 hours for the third sample were associated with an increased imprecision.ConclusionA single MAP‐BE of iohexol based on a three‐sample LSS for four heterogeneous populations was developed and allowed accurate estimation of GFR in kidney transplant patients, slightly biased in stable ICU patients and slightly imprecise in unstable ICU patients.
Ethical human resource management mitigates the positive association between illegitimate tasks and employee unethical behaviour
Authors: Chen Silu , Liu Wenxing , Zhang Guanglei , Wang Hai‐Jiang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrawing on social cognitive theory and social information processing theory, we developed a moderated mediation model in which moral disengagement was theorised as a unique mechanism to explain why employees engage in unethical behaviours after performing illegitimate tasks. Ethical human resource management (HRM) was proposed as a boundary condition that influences this mechanism. We tested the model using time‐lagged supervisor–subordinate matched data. The results showed that moral disengagement mediated the relationship between illegitimate tasks and unethical behaviours, and that this relationship was weaker when ethical HRM was perceived to be high level rather than low level. Thus, our hypotheses were supported. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Assessment of glycaemic status in adult hospital patients for the detection of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
Authors: Thornton‐Swan Tabitha D. , Armitage Laura C. , Curtis Aisling M. , Farmer Andrew J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimIn‐hospital blood glucose testing is commonplace, particularly in acute care. In‐hospital screening for hyperglycaemia may present a valuable opportunity for early diabetes diagnosis by identifying at‐risk individuals. This systematic review investigates the extent to which random blood glucose testing in acute and inpatient hospital settings predicts undiagnosed diabetes.MethodsTwo databases were systematically searched for studies in which adult patients received an in‐hospital random blood glucose test, followed by a diagnostic HbA1c test. The primary outcome was the proportion of hyperglycaemic individuals diagnosed with diabetes by HbA1c.ResultsA total of 3245 unique citations were identified, and 12 were eligible for inclusion. Ten different blood glucose thresholds, ranging from 5.5 to 11.1 mmol/L, were used to detect hyperglycaemia, indicating that there is no consistent clinical definition for hyperglycaemia. The proportion of participants with hyperglycaemia in each study ranged from 3.3% to 62.1%, with a median (Q1, Q3) of 34.5% (5.95%, 61.1%). The proportion of hyperglycaemic participants found to have a diabetes‐range HbA1c varied from 4.1% to 90%, with a median (Q1, Q3) of 18.9% (11.5%, 61.1%). Meta‐analysis was not possible due to substantial heterogeneity between study protocols.ConclusionsAll studies consistently identified a proportion of hyperglycaemic hospital patients as having a diabetes‐range HbA1c, showing that in‐hospital blood glucose screening can facilitate diabetes diagnosis. The proportion of hyperglycaemic participants with undiagnosed diabetes varied substantially, indicating a need for further research and consistency in defining in‐hospital hyperglycaemia. This may aid the development of a standardised screening protocol to identify people with possible undiagnosed diabetes.
Review of research on knowledge domains in university governance: Mapping literature in English and Chinese
Authors: Xue Yujie , Zhu Chang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the context of globalisation, public organisations are undergoing rapid transformation, and how to govern them scientifically has become an important research topic. University governance is an important research area in the field of higher education; it has been addressed by many scholars across the world. In order to fully understand the current status of research in this field, this article reviews and analyses data on university governance literature in the Web of Science and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database by journals, time of publication, as well as country and institution of publication. In our analysis, hot topics in research and frontiers of research were identified using the visualisation software CiteSpaceV. This article analyses the state of research in the field of university governance from multiple perspectives; notably, by comparing Chinese and English language literature. This allows us to explore the background and reasons for differences between Chinese and English language literature on university governance. Also, the current research status and development trends as documented in Chinese and English research databases are summarised. Our findings contribute to the field of research on university governance by identifying influential research journals and institutions, as well as research hotspots in different periods and different research directions in this field.
Prevalence and genotype–phenotype correlations of GBA‐related Parkinson disease in a large Chinese cohort
Authors: Ren Jingru , Zhang Ronggui , Pan Chenxi , Xu Jianxia , Sun Haochen , Hua Ping , Zhang Li , Zhang Wenbin , Xu Pingyi , Ma Changyan , Liu Weiguo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeVariants in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene are recognized as a common and important genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). However, the impact of variant severity on the clinical phenotype of PD in the Chinese population remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the frequency of GBA‐related PD (GBA‐PD) and the relationship of GBA variant severity with clinical characteristics in a large Chinese cohort.MethodsLong‐range polymerase chain reaction and next generation sequencing were performed for the entire GBA gene. GBA variant severity was classified into five classes: mild, severe, risk, complex, and unknown.ResultsAmong the total 737 PD patients, 47 GBA variants were detected in 79 (10.72%) patients, and the most common GBA variants were R163Q, L444P, and R120W. Complete demographic and clinical data were obtained for 673 patients, which revealed that 18.50% of early onset PD patients had GBA variants. Compared with patients without GBA variants, GBA‐PD patients experienced PD onset an average of 4 years earlier and had more severe motor and nonmotor symptoms. Patients carrying severe and complex variants had a higher burden of nonmotor symptoms, especially depression, and more mood/cognitive and gastrointestinal symptoms than patients carrying mild variants.ConclusionsGBA‐PD is highly prevalent in the Chinese population. The severity of GBA variants underlies distinct phenotypic spectrums, with PD patients carrying severe and complex variants seeming to have similar phenotypes. PD patient stratification by GBA variant severity should become a prerequisite for selecting specific treatments.
Searching for the Next Billion: Global Design for Information Seeking Across Cultures
Authors: ZAMORA JENNIFER 
Published: December 2021

While billions of people are established internet users, there are still billions of new users who have just come online in recent years and this growth will continue, especially on mobile in non‐Western countries. Information seeking is essential to online behavior across the world, yet many prominent information‐seeking platforms are heavily influenced by Western design patterns and use cases that originate from desktop. As we anticipate the future of information‐seeking designs for new users, we explore opportunities to improve the experience by establishing a framework to evaluate common barriers to information seeking online across cultures.Qualitative insights were collected from 164 participants to understand information‐seeking patterns and barriers for users across three countries: Nigeria, Mexico, and India. Interviews were conducted with participants in their day‐to‐day environment, including home, work, internet cafes, markets, and university campuses. For every region, the overarching theme of our study was focused on barriers to information seeking. Each study also had a secondary goal based on previous learnings, new hypotheses, and emerging areas of interest. The secondary goal for each region was as follows: the Nigeria study explored perception of online information sources, the Mexico study explored local information needs, and the India study explored how users stay informed on topics of interest.Based on this and past research, we created a framework that has five pillars to evaluate common barriers to information seeking: 1) User perception, 2) Infrastructure of internet and hardware devices, 3) Input and output, 4) Content quality of information, and 5) Context and overall journey.
Our Advocacy for Their Change
Authors: ROSENBERG AMANDA 
Published: December 2021

Our practice is due for an update.As researchers, we practice advocacy on behalf of people impacted by product development decisions.In a time when many of us are striving for more inclusivity, interrogating our approach to advocacy reveals how we can begin to break down the ways we enable – and could enable – change on behalf of whom we're researching.Sparked by the events of 2020, this talk is a reflection on historical and current advocacy practices outside of research. The talk explores why an update to the research practice matters and how we can go about it.
Microbes That Matter
Authors: YURY CARRIE 
Published: December 2021

While COVID‐19 has made the world hyper vigilant about sanitization, I take a bottoms‐up perspective on the threats of a microbe‐starved world. Telling the story of Clostridium Difficile, I walk us through how—just as in ethnography—context is everything for microbes. Using different examples from the biosphere, I examine how microbial metaphors matter, and I make the case that understanding microbes in the context of larger environments and ecosystems can help move us toward life centered design.This Pecha Kucha uses microbes as a contextual metaphor to argue that it is our responsibility to change our perspective; to decenter the human, and start designing for the health of the entire ecosystem, not just one of the players. The Pecha Kucha includes a set of experience principles for life‐centered design.
The Ballast in Anthropology's Ship: How a Universal Psychological Structure Can Provide Stability and Flexibility in Anthropological Field Work
Authors: DOEPKE BEN 
Published: December 2021

After a year of new social and cultural constraints, ethnographic approaches have had to quickly evolve. This is the story of how one research method, which enlists the help of close personal contacts around a participating respondent to gather interviews, artifacts, and locations, spotlighted the need for deploying a universal psychological structure (UPS). Even from emic perspectives, the influence of personal bias is uncontested, but how do we account for it? A UPS helps, but how can a structure allow lived experience to flow through it while not altering the experience itself?We can anticipate that parameters around our discipline will continue to shift, challenging some of its most revered principles. How will the ethnographer adapt? In this presentation, we'll look at the aspects of the human experience that we expect to change the least, and the structure we now have reason to believe will help the most. We'll offer clear evidence for the inclusive functionality of the UPS, and directional solutions for practitioners to take up, personalize, and apply to their craft.