bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Comparison of a small dose of oxycodone and sufentanil for the prevention of sufentanil-induced cough during general anesthesia induction: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shi Lingli , He Yong , Ni Huanhuan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background: Sufentanil is widely used during anesthesia induction. However, sufentanil injections can cause cough through different mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a small dose of oxycodone and sufentanil in suppressing sufentanil-induced cough (SIC) during general anesthesia induction.Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted form February 12, 2019 to December 30, 2019. A total of 174 patients were scheduled for elective surgery, and 144 screened patients were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=48). Five minutes before sufentanil bolus (0.4 μg/kg), patients in group O received 0.02 mg/kg oxycodone intravenously within 5 s, those in group S received 0.02 μg/kg sufentanil within 5 s and those in group N received an equal volume of 0.9% normal saline within 5 s. Sufentanil was diluted to 5 μg/ml and administered within 5 s after pretreatment. The incidence and severity of cough in the three groups were evaluated within 1 minute after sufentanil injection during anesthesia induction. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at T0 (after entering the operation), T1 (3 minutes after pretreatment), T2 (before intubation), and T3 (1 minute after intubation).Results: The incidences of cough in group N, group O, and group S were 20 (41.6%), 7 (14.5%), and 6 (12.5%), respectively. Compared with group N, group O and group S exhibited significantly reduced incidence and severity of cough, and the severity of cough in group O and group S was dramatically reduced compared with that in group N (P<0.05). No significant differences in the rangeability of MAP and HR were noted at the four time points in the three groups (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Intravenous oxycodone (0.02 mg/kg) and sufentanil (0.02 μg/kg) represent effective approaches to reducing SIC in anesthesia induction and ensuring a relatively stable hemodynamic state during general anesthesia induction.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900021087, registered date: January 28, 2019), http://www.chictr.org.cn
Physical fitness in third grade of primary school: A mixed model analysis of 108,295 children and 515 schools
Authors: Fühner Thea , Granacher Urs , Golle Kathleen , Kliegl Reinhold 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Children’s physical fitness development and related moderating effects of age and sex are well documented, especially boys’ and girls’ divergence during puberty. The situation might be different during prepuberty. As girls mature approximately two years earlier than boys, we tested a possible convergence of performance with five tests representing four components of physical fitness in a large sample of 108,295 eight-year old third-graders. Within this single prepubertal year of life and irrespective of the test, performance increased linearly with chronological age, and boys outperformed girls to a larger extent in tests requiring muscle mass for successful performance. Tests differed in the magnitude of age effects (gains), but there was no evidence for an interaction between age and sex. Moreover, “physical fitness” of schools correlated at r = 0.48 with their age effect which might imply that "fit schools” promote larger gains; expected secular trends from 2011 to 2019 were replicated.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and associated factors of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infection among patients admitted at Dessie comprehensive specialized Hospital, North-East Ethiopia. A cross sectional study
Authors: Mekonnen Habtamu , Seid Abdurahaman , Molla Genet , Gebrecherkos Teklay 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:- Hospital admitted patients are at increased risk of nosocomial infections (NIs) with multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens which are prevalent in the hospital environment. P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii are common causes of NIs worldwide. The objective of this study is to determine the magnitude, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and associated factors of Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa NIs among patients hospitalized at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (DCSH), North-East Ethiopia.Methods:- A cross-sectional study was conducted at DCSH from February 1 to April 30, 2020. A total of 254 patients who were suspected of either bloodstream, urinary tract, or surgical site nosocomial infection were enrolled consecutively. Sociodemographic and other variables of interest were collected using a structured questionnaire. The specimens were collected and processed following standard microbiological procedures. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 23 and p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Overall, 13% of patients had nosocomial Acinetobacter and/or P. aeruginosa infections. The culture positivity rate was 16(6.3%) for Acinetobacter spp and 18(7.1%) for P. aeruginosa. All isolates of Acinetobacter spp. were from patients with intravenous catheterization. Patients admitted in the surgical ward (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 10.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-93.23), pediatric ward (AOR: 14.37; 95% CI: 1.4-148.5), intensive care unit (AOR: 41.93; 95% CI:4.7-374.7) and orthopedics (AOR: 52.21;95%CI:7.5-365) were significantly at risk to develop NIs compared to patients admitted in the medical ward. Patients who took more than two antimicrobial types were 94% (AOR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.004-0.84) times more protected from NIs compared to those who did not take any antimicrobial. About 81% of Acinetobacter spp. and 83% of P. aeruginosa isolates were MDR. Amikacin and meropenem showed promising activity against Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa isolates.Conclusion: The high prevalence of MDR Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa nosocomial isolates highlighted the need of improving and implementing infection control programs in the hospitals. Treatment of NIs should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Predicting running time of aerodynamic jobs in HPC system by combining supervised and unsupervised learning method
Authors: Wang Hao , Dai Yi-Qin , Yu Jie , Dong Yong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Improving resource utilization is an important goal of high-performance computing systems of supercomputing centers. In order to meet this goal, the job scheduler of high-performance computing systems often use backfilling scheduling to fill short-time jobs into the gaps of jobs at the front of the queue. Backfilling scheduling needs to obtain the running time of the job. In the past, the job running times are usually given by users and often far exceeded the actual running time of the job, which leads to inaccurate backfilling and a waste of computing resources. In particular, when the predicted job running time is lower than the actual time, the damage caused to the utilization of the system’s computing resources becomes more serious. Therefore, the prediction accuracy of the job running time is crucial to the utilization of system resources. The use of machine learning methods can make more accurate predictions of the job running time. Aiming at the parallel application of aerodynamics, we propose a job running time prediction framework SU combining supervised and unsupervised learning, and verifies it on the real historical data of the high-performance computing systems of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The experimental results show that SU has a high prediction accuracy(80.46%) and a low underestimation rate(24.85%).
Deep Crustal Fluid Upwelling through Structural Pathways Observed from Non-active Volcanic Regions, Western Kumamoto, Japan
Authors: Hosono Takahiro , Yamanaka Chikashige 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Natural springs containing volcanic and magmatic components occur along major volcano-seismotectonic regions over the worlds. However, features of the deep-originated waters were less documented from regions where active volcanic and magmatic activities are not distributed. To characterize the presence of deep fluids of non-volcanic origin 28 groundwater samples (~ 1,230 m deep) were collected from hot spring sites located at western coast of Kumamoto where the typical subduction related magmatisms are absent. The samples were measured for dissolved ion concentrations and stable isotope ratios (δ2HH2O, δ18OH2O, δ13CDIC and δ34SSO4) that were compared with data of 33 water samples from vicinity surface systems. The groundwaters were classified into three types based on major hydrochemistry: high Cl− fluid, low concentration fluid, and high HCO3− fluid. Our dataset suggests that the high Cl− fluid was formed by saline water mixing with aquifer waters of meteoric origin and subsequently evolved by reverse cation exchange. The low concentration fluid is identical to regional aquifer water of meteoric origin that was subjected to cation exchange. The high HCO3− fluid showed the highest HCO3− concentrations (~ 3,888 mg/l) with the highest δ13CDIC (-1.9‰). Taking recent geophysical mappings under the study area, we suggest that dissolved carbon was of mantle origin and fluids with high HCO3− generated in lower crust were transported towards surface through structural weakness under open tectonic setting. Observed δ2HH2O and δ18OH2O shifts support this scenario. The occurrence of deep crustal fluid discharges was sporadic and limited in surface in the study area. Their impacts on surface hydrological systems were minimal except few locations.
Comparing Colon Capsule Endoscopy To Colonoscopy; A Symptomatic Patient’s Perspective
Authors: Ismail M Syafiq , Murphy Greg , Semenov Serhiy , McNamara Deirdre 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction:Colon Capsule Endoscopy (CCE) has proven efficacy in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. Few studies have assessed patient-reported outcomes and preference between colonoscopy and CCE.Aims:To identify comfort scores and patient preferences between CCE and colonoscopy.Methods:Patients from our centre who had both a CCE and colonoscopy within a 12-month period were identified. We performed over-the-phone interviews focused on satisfaction, comfort, and overall preference with a 10-point Likert scale. Electronic records were reviewed; reported Modified-Gloucester-Comfort-Scale (GCS) score, sedation, bowel preparation and endoscopist grade were documented. Data was compared between procedures. A Fishers exact test was used to compare proportions and a Student t-test was used to compare means, a p < 0.05 was considered significant.Results:In all, 40 patients were identified, 57.5% (23/40) were female and the mean age was 48 years (24 – 78). All patients were referred for investigation of lower gastrointestinal symptoms as part of an ongoing study (1).There was a significance difference in mean comfort (9.2 vs 6.7, p<0.0001, 95% CI -3.51 to -1.44) but not satisfaction (8.3 vs 7.7, p=0.2, 95% CI -1.48 to 0.33) between CCE and colonoscopy. Main cause of dissatisfaction with CCE was bowel preparation and for colonoscopy was discomfort. Age and gender were not found to be variables. The correlation between GCS and patient reported values was weak (R = -0.28).Overall, 77.5% (31/40) of patients would prefer a CCE if they required further bowel investigation. Of these, 77.4% (24/31) preferred a CCE despite the potential need for follow-up colonoscopy.Conclusions:CCE has a high satisfaction rating (8.3 vs 7.7) and has a higher patient reported comfort rating (9.2 vs 6.7) than colonoscopy. Studies have confirmed CCE and colonoscopy have equivalent diagnostic yields. The majority of patients in our cohort prefer CCE to colonoscopy. CCE should be considered as an alternative to colonoscopy in selected individuals.
Geochemistry and Pb Isotopic Proof for Sources of Heavy Metal(Loid)s in Late Cretaceous Sandstones From Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey)
Authors: Eker Çiğdem Saydam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks are widely exposed around Trabzon, Giresun and Gümüşhane in the eastern Pontides. The sedimentary rocks are mainly composed of sandstones and marls, and the thicknesses of these rocks range from 170 m to 400 m. This paper focused on Late Cretaceous sandstones of Trabzon, Giresun and Gümüşhane regions to identify the concentrations, sources, deposition environment and conditions of certain heavy metal(loid)s (Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, As, Co, Mo and V). Enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Pollution index (Pi), Pollution load index (Pln), Pb isotope and multivariate statistical analysis were performed to elucidate the pollution levels and sources. The mean concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, As, Co, Mo and V were 16.5, 10.8, 9.4, 13.2, 2.1, 4.4, 0.2 and 21 mg/kg, respectively in the Trabzon area, 35, 5.8,18.8, 102, 3.2, 18.6, 0.5 and 109 mg/kg, respectively in the Giresun area, and 36, 8.9, 14.7, 82, 3.9, 16.9, 0.3 and 106 mg/kg, respectively in the Gümüşhane area. In general, the evaluation indices exhibited that the sandstones were moderately polluted by As in the Trabzon area, and strongly polluted by Ni and As, moderately polluted by Co and V in the Giresun and Gümüşhane areas. The results of multivariate statistical analyses indicated that As and partly Pb might be originated from anthropogenic sources, whereas other metals were derived from geogenic origin. Lead isotopic analysis demonstrated two characterized signatures of the pollution sources in the sandstones, one related to geogenic origin and the other to coal, gasoline and pesticides. The sandstones were deposited in transition – marine environment under oxic – weak oxic conditions and paleoclimatic conditions ranged from arid to moist during Late Cretaceous period.
Quantitative and bioinformatics integrated strategy to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of Ermiao Wan against eczema
Authors: Xia Ting , Liu Chang-Shun , Liang Xiao , Hu Yan-Nan , Luo Zhen-Ye , Chen Fei-Long , Tan Xiaomei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundErmiao Wan (EMW) is used to treat eczema in China. However, its underlying pharmacological mechanisms against eczema remain unclear. MethodsIn this study, the components of EMW were quantitatively analyzed using HPLC. The role of the components, targets, and signaling pathways were predicted by network pharmacology. Moreover, molecular docking was used to verify the binding forces of the components with the target proteins. ResultsThe results showed that the established HPLC method is simple and reliable, and can be used for the simultaneous determination of seven components in EMW. Moreover, 57 primary causal targets of EMW against eczema were identified. Among them, 10 hub targets were identified, including EGFR, AKT1, STAT3, MMP9, ICAM1, MAPK8, JUN, MAPK1, and VCAM1. The potential signaling pathways involved in the effect of EMW against eczema were identified, including ErbB, estrogen, and Epstein-Barr virus infection. Furthermore, palmatine, chlorogenic acid, and jatrorrhizine from EMW were shown to bind to the identified targets. Accordingly, EGFR, AKT1, and PTGS2 had good binding forces with EMW components. ConclusionOur study revealed a possible pharmacological mechanism of EMW in treating eczema. This simple and effective method can help increase our understanding of the mechanisms of Chinese herbal formulations and further promote their research and development.
Spatio-temporal Distribution of Tuberculosis and the Effects of Geographical Environmental Factors in China
Authors: Li Hao , Ge Miao , Zhang Mingxin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Although the World Health Organization reports that the incidence of tuberculosis in China is decreasing year by year, the burden of tuberculosis in China is still very heavy. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of tuberculosis in China and its influencing factors will provide effective reference for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.Methods: Data of TB incidence from 2005 to 2017 were collected. Time series and global spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of tuberculosis incidence in China, and a new method Geodetector was used to analyze the geographic environmental factors affecting the TB incidence.Results: In addition to 2007 and 2008, the TB incidence decreased in general. TB has a strong spatial aggregation, and the western part of China is the high-value aggregation area of TB incidence. Socio-economic factors fail to pass the significance test. Meteorological factors and air pollution have also been proved to be related to the TB incidence. The interaction between these factors has produced mutually reinforcing effects.Conclusion: The spatial and temporal distribution pattern of tuberculosis in China and the factors affecting its geographical environment are studied in order to provide reference for the formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control policies and increase investment.
Ge N-Channel MOSFETs with ZrO2 Dielectric Achieving the Improved Mobility
Authors: Chou Lulu , Liu Yan , Xu Yang , Peng Yue , Liu Huan , Han Genquan , Hao Yue 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
High mobility Ge nMOSFETs with ZrO2 gate dielectric are demonstrated and compared against transistors with Al2O3/ZrO2 , ZrO2, and O3 /ZrO 2 gate dielectrics. The Al2O3/ZrO2 provides for dramatically enhanced-effective electron mobility ( μeff ), boosting transistor drive current. Ge nMOSFETs with the Al2O3 /ZrO2 gate insulator achieve a 50% μeff improvement as compared to the Si universal mobility at an inversion charge density ( Qinv ) of 5 × 10 12 cm -2 . An Al2O3 interfacial layer leads to a boost in μeff but increases capacitance equivalent thickness (CET). Utilizing O3 oxidation of Ge surface, Al2O3 -free Ge nMOSFETs having a CET of 1.1 nm obtains a peak μ eff of 682 cm2 /Vs, which is higher than that of the Si universal mobility at the similar Qinv .
57Fe&nbsp;and 151Eu&nbsp;Mössbauer Studies of 3d-4f Spin Interplay in EuFe2-xNixAs2
Authors: Komędera K. , Gatlik J. , Błachowski A. , Żukrowski J. , Rybicki D. , Delekta A. , Babij M. , Bukowski Z. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The EuFe2-xNixAs2 compounds exhibiting 3d and/or 4f magnetic order were investigated by means of 57Fe and 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopy. Additionally, results for the end members of this system, i.e. EuFe2As2 and EuNi2As2, are reported for comparison. It was found that spin-density-wave order of the Fe itinerant moments is monotonically suppressed by Ni-substitution. However, the 3d magnetic order survives at the lowest temperature up to at least x = 0.12 and it is certainly completely suppressed for x = 0.20. The Eu localized moments order regardless of the Ni concentration, but undergo a spin reorientation with increasing x from the alignment parallel to the a-axis in the parent compound, toward c-axis alignment for x > 0.07. The change of the 4f spins ordering from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic takes place simultaneously with a disappearance of the 3d spins order what is the evidence of a strong coupling between magnetism of Eu2+ ions and the conduction electrons of [Fe2-xNixAs2]2- layers. The Fe nuclei experience the transferred hyperfine magnetic field due to the Eu2+ ordering for Ni-substituted samples with x > 0.04, while the transferred field is undetectable in EuFe2As2 and for compound with a low Ni-substitution level. It seems that the 4f ferromagnetic component arising from a tilt of the Eu2+ moments to the crystallographic c-axis leads to the transferred magnetic field at the Fe atoms. The superconductivity is not observed down to 1.8 K, although a comparison with 57Fe and 151Eu Mössbauer data for EuFe2As2-based superconductors indicates a similar magnetic structure.
Physics and Modelling of Tri-Layered Strained Channel for Development of Double Gate n-channel FET
Authors: Kumar Kuleen , Dhar Rudra Sankar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The strain silicon technology with FET is a dominant technology providing enrichment in carrier velocity in nanoscaled device by change of band structure arrangement. Leakage reduction while enhancement in drain current is another major objective therefore, designing a nano-regime double gate FET with strained channel is perceived. So, design and implementation of a double gate strained heterostructure on insulator (DG-SHOI) FET with tri-layered channel (s-Si/s-SiGe/s-Si) is the core. Biaxial strain is created in channel by inculcating three layers with optimal thicknesses while narrow channel depletion regions are strongly controlled by equipotential gates. Consequently, maximum charge carriers accumulate in channel due to quantum carrier confinement instigating ballistic transport across the 22 nm channel length device leading to lessening of intervalley scattering. In comparison to existing 22 nm DGSOI FET, drain current augmentation of 56% and transconductance amplification of 87.6% is observed while DIBL is prudently reduced for this newly designed and implemented DG-SHOI FET, signifying advancement in microelectronic technology.
Surgical Treatment of Initially Unresectable Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Following Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Huang Chen , Dai Yongmei , Chen Qianshun , Li Feng , Xu Xunyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the preferred treatment for patients with stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the prognosis is poor. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors has changed the treatment strategy for advanced NSCLC, providing new opportunities for therapy. However, neoadjuvant immunotherapy of locally advanced NSCLC is still in the exploratory stage. Case presentation: A 47-year-old male with stage IIIB squamous cell lung cancer with invasion of the pulmonary artery, left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV), and left atrium (LA) at diagnosis. The patient’s lesions were significantly reduced after four cycles of combined treatment with tislelizumab and carboplatin plus nab-paclitaxel, he then underwent successful left pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection, and postoperative pathology showed a pathologic complete response (pCR). Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy can provide an opportunity for radical surgery in some patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
The sex’s role on the neurocognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Mei-Ling , Tan Chun-Hsiang , Su Hui-Chen , Sung Pi-Shan , Chien Chung-Yao , Hwang Wen-Juh , Chien Chia-Yi , Yu Rwei-Ling 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the role of sex in neurocognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Ninety-four idiopathic PD and 167 healthy elderly as normal controls (NCs) were recruited and underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. The sex difference were found in NCs but not in PD. In male, PD patients had worse performance on the Digit symbol substitution (DSS) (p < 0.001) and the Symbol Searching (SS) (p < 0.001) than NCs. In female, PD patients had the worse score on the category score of the Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (p < 0.001), the SS (p < 0.001), and the pentagon copying (p < 0.001) than NCs. After controlling age and years of education, Hoehn and Yahr Stage can predict the performance of the Color Trail Test part A (βA = 0.241, pA = 0.036), the Stroop Word-Color Test (β = -0.245, p = 0.036), and the DSS (β = -0.258, p = 0.035) in male PD patients. Sex differences were found in NCs but not in PD. The mental flexibility and visuospatial function are susceptible to female in the PD course. Male PD patients’ working memory and processing speed can be predicted by the disease severity.