bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Evidence of Chloride‐Induced Trap Passivation in Lead Halide Perovskites through Single Particle Blinking Studies
Authors: Jin Handong , Steele Julian A. , Cheng Ruolin , Parveen Nagma , Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , Hofkens Johan , Debroye Elke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractResearch into organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites as photoactive material in solar cells and other electro‐optical devices has made immense progress in recent years. However, efficiency losses resulting from deep traps associated with framework defects, still limit the performance of perovskite semiconductors. Defect passivation by the incorporation of dopants, such as chloride doping in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite, is stated as one of the most efficient ways to reduce trap densities. Commonly used parameters like improved photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields and extended PL lifetimes provide nonconclusive experimental evidence on trap density suppression by chloride doping. In this work, the effect of chloride doping on the crystal morphology, composition, and PL of MAPbI3 nanocrystals is carefully investigated. Besides the anticipated enhanced PL intensity and extended PL lifetime, single‐particle PL intermittency studies reveal brighter and longer ON‐states with increasing amounts of chloride doping, which represents additional evidence of effective chloride‐induced trap passivation. These findings provide important guidelines for generating lead halide perovskite materials with significantly reduced trap densities toward the fabrication of high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Acidic Media Regulated Hierarchical Cobalt Compounds with Phosphorous Doping as Water Splitting Electrocatalysts
Authors: Song Danna , Sun Jikai , Sun Lanju , Zhai Shengliang , Ho Ghim Wei , Wu Hao , Deng Wei‐Qiao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFacile synthesis of elaborate nanostructured transition metal compounds with tunable components remains challenging because multiple synthetic procedures or complex manipulation are normally involved. Herein, an acid‐etching strategy is applied to Co, in which the composition and morphology of the resultant materials are tunable. Specifically, a novel two‐tiered Co(CO3)0.5(OH)·0.11H2O nanosheet is formed, part of which decomposes to produce hierarchical Co(CO3)0.5(OH)·0.11H2O/Co3O4 nanocomposite by tuning the etching condition. The composite shows bifunctional electrocatalytic capability towards the oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER). Moreover, the phosphorous dopant is introduced to boost the catalytic activity, especially in the HER. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the phosphorous dopant can dramatically push the binding energy to the ideal value, thus improving the HER performance. Computed results indicate that partial orbitals of the P atom are above the Fermi level and the P atom enhances the charge density of the neighboring Co atom, which optimizes the H* binding. In addition, an efficient overall water splitting configuration is performed with the integration of the P‐doped Co compound catalysts. The acid‐etching methodology inspires more novel nanostructured and multicomponent metal compounds for prominent electrocatalysis.
A Novel NASICON‐Typed Na4VMn0.5Fe0.5(PO4)3 Cathode for High‐Performance Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Chunliu , Zhao Junmei , Wang Enhui , Liu Xiaohong , Shen Xing , Rong Xiaohui , Zheng Qiong , Ren Guoxin , Zhang Nian , Liu Xiaosong , Guo Xiaodong , Yang Chao , Liu Huizhou , Zhong Benhe , Hu Yong‐Sheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Na+ superionic conductor (NASICON)‐type Na3V2(PO4)3 cathodes have attracted extensive interest due to their high structural stability and fast Na+ mobility. However, the substitution of vanadium with low‐cost active elements remains imperative due to high cost of vanadium, to further boost its application feasibility. Herein, a novel ternary NASICON‐type Na4VMn0.5Fe0.5(PO4)3/C cathode is designed, which integrates the advantages of large reversible capacity, high voltage, and good stability. The as‐obtained Na4VMn0.5Fe0.5(PO4)3/C composite can deliver an excellent rate capacity of 96 m Ah g‐1 at 20 C and decent cycling durability of 94% after 3000 cycles at 20 C, which is superior to that of Na4VFe(PO4)3/C and Na4VMn(PO4)3/C. The synergetic contributions of multimetal ions and facilitated Na+ migration of the Na4VMn0.5Fe0.5(PO4)3/C cathode are confirmed by the first‐principles calculations. The processive reduction/oxidation involved in Fe2+/Fe3+, Mn2+/Mn3+, V3+/V4+/V5+ redox couples are also revealed upon the charging/discharging process by ex situ soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. The reversible structure evolution and small volume change during the electrochemical reaction is demonstrated by in situ X‐ray diffraction characterization. The rational design of NASICON‐type cathodes by regulating composition with substitution of multimetal ions can provide new perspectives for high‐performance Na‐ion batteries.
Characterization of sleep habits of children with Sotos syndrome
Authors: Stafford Christine F. , Ward Carrie , Ward Sally L. D. , Sanchez‐Lara Pedro A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSotos syndrome (SS) is a genetic disorder characterized by accelerated growth in childhood, developmental deficits, and characteristic craniofacial features. While clinicians and parents have reported unusual sleep habits, only one study by Rutter and Cole in 1991 mentioned sleep complaints (Rutter and Cole, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1991, 33, 898–902). This study aimed to characterize the sleep habits of individuals with SS. We performed a cross‐sectional study of individuals with a definite, probable, or possible diagnosis of Sotos syndrome. Participants were asked to complete the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CHSQ). We compared our data to historical data available from the literature. Subjects with SS showed more sleep disturbance than typically developing individuals (TD), although their sleep onset was less likely to be delayed and their sleep duration was longer. Participants with SS also showed different sleep patterns compared to children with other forms of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Individuals with SS exhibited early bed and rise times, frequently used transitional objects, displayed repetitive motion at sleep onset, and did not show a decrease in sleep duration with age. The majority of participants fell asleep at the same time each night, in their own bed, and within 20 min, and rarely showed signs of sleepwalking or night terrors. These results improve our understanding of sleep habits of individuals with SS and may be used to guide treatment and provide normalization for children with SS.
Manganese‐Catalyzed Hydroborations with Broad Scope
Authors: Ghosh Pradip , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReductive transformations of easily available oxidized matter are at the heart of synthetic manipulation and chemical valorization. The applications of catalytic hydrofunctionalization benefit from the use of liquid reducing agents and operationally facile setups. Metal‐catalyzed hydroborations provide a highly prolific platform for reductive valorizations of stable C=X electrophiles. Here, we report an especially facile, broad‐scope reduction of various functions including carbonyls, carboxylates, pyridines, carbodiimides, and carbonates under very mild conditions with the inexpensive pre‐catalyst Mn(hmds)2. The reaction could be successfully applied to depolymerizations.
Hybrid mathematical modeling and multi‐objective optimization of mechanical properties of green composites based on starch and modified rice straw fillers
Authors: Shoja Maryam , Kazemi Reza , Mohammadi‐Roshandeh Jamshid , Farizeh Tara , Shadman Alireza , Hemmati Farkhondeh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA hybrid mathematical modeling/optimization approach based on the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function (DF) capabilities was applied here to imitate and optimize the mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch‐based biocomposites. In order to prepare the biodegradable and renewable biocomposites, rice straw (RS) was chemically modified to obtain more effective sustainable reinforcing fillers for starch, having semi‐thermoset and core‐shell structures. A combination of different RS products was used in the biocomposites and the composition of RS‐based fillers was chosen as control variable. A series of experiments, by using RSM, were designed to assess the effects of filler loading and composition on the Young modulus, tensile strength, ultimate strain, and absorbed energy of the biocomposites. The best‐fitting regression functions were identified via RSM statistical analysis and transformed into DF to optimize the desired responses concurrently. The findings demonstrate that the starch/RS product biocomposites with optimum elastic modulus (339.3 MPa), tensile strength (9.8 MPa), elongation at break (13.8%), and absorbed energy (1831.2 kJ/m2) were obtained by incorporating RS‐based fillers with both semi‐thermoset and core‐shell structures in combination with each other at loadings of 13.5 and 6.5 phr, respectively.
Identifying female foraging ecotype and fisheries impacts through pup whisker stable isotopes
Authors: Chilvers B. Louise 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Individual specialization in the foraging behaviour of marine predators can affect the ecology, evolution, and ability of a population to respond to environmental variability and human impacts.
Here, blood serum and whisker stable isotope values from New Zealand (NZ) sea lion pups (Phocarctos hookeri) are compared with their mother’s values to identify whether they can be used as proxies to identify their mother’s isotopic niche and foraging strategy.
Female NZ sea lions have been identified, both through telemetry and stable isotope research of blood serum and whiskers, to have two distinct foraging ecotypes (mesopelagic or benthic), consistent across their adult life. Females who are mesopelagic foragers have higher overlap and a greater risk of harmful interactions with fisheries.
Stable isotope analysis of adult females can be used to determine the proportion of the female population exposed to these detrimental interactions. However, the capture, restraint, and removal of a whisker or blood from an adult female NZ sea lion is an expensive, time‐consuming, and invasive undertaking. Instead, by comparing the blood serum and whisker δ13C and δ15N values of 12 NZ sea lion mother‐and‐pup pairs, for whom the foraging behaviour of the female is known, the question as to whether a pup’s blood serum or whisker isotope value can be used as a proxy to identify female foraging ecotype was investigated.
The δ13C and δ15N values for the blood serum and whiskers of pups and their mothers were correlated and differed significantly between foraging ecotypes. This research validates that pup blood serum and whisker stable isotope values from 1‐month‐old pups can be used as indicators of female isotopic niche and therefore foraging ecotype.
This tool can be used across all NZ sea lion colonies to indicate female NZ sea lion foraging ecotypes. For the Auckland Islands, it could determine the proportion of breeding females exposed to negative interactions with fisheries, leading to a better understanding of the level of these effects and helping to implement appropriate management to mitigate impacts.
Propofol prevents the aggressive progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma via regulating circ_0005623/miR‐195‐5p/HOXB7 axis
Authors: Cao Chen , Zhang Xiaotong , Xu Yi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a general oral disease with high mortality. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of propofol in OSCC. Propofol treatment inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), but promoted apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in OSCC cells. miR‐195‐5p was a target of circ_0005623 and directly targeted to HOXB7. Circ_0005623 and HOXB7 were upregulated, while miR‐195‐5p was downregulated in OSCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of circ_0005623 partly reversed the effects of propofol on cell proliferation, migration invasion, EMT, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in SCC‐9 and CAL‐27 cells. Meanwhile, further investigation uncovered that circ_0005623 could act as a sponge for miR‐195‐5p to regulate HOXB7 expression, thereby mediating the suppression effects of propofol on OSCC cells. In vivo assay suggested that overexpression of circ_0005623 promoted tumor growth, which was inhibited by propofol treatment. Taken together, propofol regulated aggressive progression of OSCC via the circ_0005623/miR‐195‐5p/HOXB7 axis, providing the new train of thoughts for diagnosis and therapy of human OSCC.
A teratology information system in vernacular: Closing an information gap
Authors: Patskun Erika , Yevtushok Lyubov , Zymak‐Zakutnia Nataliia , Lapchenko Serhiy , Akhmedzhanova Diana , Wertelecki Wladimir 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeading Teratology Information Systems (TIS) arose in major industrial nations and are mostly in English. The prevalence of anglophone speakers in Ukraine is among the lowest in Europe. A TIS in Ukrainian (UTIS) seeks to diminish an information gap concerning teratogens. The process and results related to UTIS are applicable to formulations of other TIS in vernacular languages.MethodsImplementation of a free‐access UTIS and analysis of utilization patterns. UTIS provides access to articles in Ukrainian (AU) which are summaries extracted from leading international TIS and other sources. AU are revised at least tri‐annually.ResultsUTIS provides access to over 1,100 AU accrued since 2016 to the present. The number AU views increased from nearly 30,000 (2016) to over 80,000 (2020); the number of visitors increased from 3,500 to 58,000 during the same periods. The highest percent of users per urban population (2.09, 1.77, and 1.72) was in Ternopil, Ivano‐Frankivsk, and Kyiv (capital), respectively; the lowest was in Odesa (0.17).ConclusionsUTIS reduced an information gap in Ukraine concerning teratogenic risk factors. The process can be implemented elsewhere relying on generally available local resources.
Antinociceptive and Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Saline Extract and Lectin‐Rich Fraction from Microgramma vacciniifolia Rhizome in Mice
Authors: Cavalcante da Silva Gabriela , Macário de Oliveira Alisson , Soares de Freitas Anderson Felipe , Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes , Napoleão Thiago Henrique 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have characterized a saline extract from Microgramma vacciniifolia rhizome and its lectin (MvRL)‐rich fraction with low acute toxicity. In the present study, we evaluated these preparations for acute toxicity (1,000 mg/kg) and antinociceptive and anti‐inflammatory activities (100–400 mg/kg for the extract and 25–50 mg/kg for the fraction). No signs of toxicity were observed. Both the extract and fraction increased the latency period for nociception in the hot plate assay, decreased writhing induced by acetic acid, and promoted analgesic effects in phases 1 and 2 of the formalin test. The antinociceptive mechanism was attributed to interactions with opioid receptors and K+ ATPase channels. The extract and fraction decreased carrageenan‐induced paw edema in 46.15 % and 77.22 %, respectively, at the highest doses evaluated. Furthermore, the fraction was shown to act on the bradykinin pathway. The ability to decrease leukocyte migration after treatment was also verified in the peritonitis and air pouch models. In exudates collected from air pouches, decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and increased interleukin (IL)‐10 levels were noted. Both the extract and fraction also effectively inhibited the development of granulomatous tissue. In conclusion, the substances investigated in this study can be used for the development of novel therapeutic options for pain and inflammatory processes.
ABCC8 variants in MODY12: Review of the literature and report of a case with severe complications
Authors: Timmers Marijke , Dirinck Eveline , Lauwers Patrick , Wuyts Wim , De Block Christophe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMore than 1000 variants of the ATP‐binding cassette transporter subfamily C member 8 (ABCC8) gene have been reported in neonatal diabetes mellitus. Up to now only 55 ABCC8 variants were associated with Maturity‐Onset Diabetes of the Young 12 (MODY12). We present a c.3544C>T p.(Arg1182Trp) ABCC8 variant in a 35‐year‐old women who had pronounced microvascular diabetic complications and a charcot arthropathy necessitating a lower limb amputation. The unusual severity of the disease course prompted us to perform a systematic review of all genetic variants in MODY12. The present mutation has mostly been associated with neonatal diabetes and in only three papers reporting a MODY12. The 55 MODY12 variants show a large clinical heterogeneity, even in relatives with the same mutation, ranging from mild impaired glucose tolerance to severe insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus. HbA1c at diagnosis ranged from 5% to 14% and age at diagnosis ranged from 2 to 53 years. However, several case reports lack documentation of diabetic complications. Hence, more detailed reports remain necessary to improve insight in MODY12 pathophysiology and outcome. In this article current data regarding therapeutic management are provided, and key points to consider for the individual patient affected by MODY12 are presented.
German desire for historical closure indirectly affects Israelis' intergroup attitudes
Authors: Hirschberger Gilad , Lifshin Uri , Dellus Veronika , Shuster Baillie , Kretzschmar Moritz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractResearch indicates that the memory of collective historical trauma may fuel current intergroup conflicts. In the present research, we examined in two experiments whether perpetrator desire for historical closure influences victim group attitudes in a current, seemingly unrelated, intergroup conflict. In Study 1 (N = 122), participants texted with a German confederate who either expressed responsibility, a desire for historical closure (Schlussstrich), or discussed a non‐Holocaust related topic. In Study 2 (N = 115), participants conversed with a German confederate who either acknowledged collective responsibility or expressed a desire for closure. In both studies, attitudes towards the confederate, Germany, and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict were measured. Results indicated that historical closure directly increased negative evaluations of the German confederate, and indirectly influenced attitudes towards Germany, and support for peacemaking with the Palestinians via confederate evaluations. The discussion focuses on perpetrator group influences on the relationship between historical collective trauma and current intergroup relations.
A Sensitive Signal‐off Electrochemical Aptasensor for Thrombin Detection using PB−Au@MoS2 Nanomaterial as Both Platform and Signal Reporter
Authors: Wu Chao , Zhang Qiaran , Li Duo , Tang Xuehui , Xie Fei , Zhang Yue , Lu Yizhong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHuman serum is one of the effective samples for point‐of‐care testing (POCT). Sensitive and quick determination of thrombin content in human serum samples is important. An electrochemical aptasensor based on Prussian blue and Au nanoparticles loaded MoS2 nanoflowers (PB−Au@MoS2) hybrid was constructed. By using PB−Au@MoS2 as both a substrate and a signal reporter, this aptasensor could demonstrate excellent performance for thrombin detection with a detection linear range from 0.01 pM to 30 nM and detection limit down to 1 fM. This work may provide a strategy to establish effective and sensitive sensing devices for thrombin in clinical diagnosis.
Ruthenium modified defatted spent coffee catalysts for supercapacitor and methanolysis application
Authors: Akdemir Murat , Avci Hansu Tulin , Caglar Aykut , Kaya Mustafa , Demir Kivrak Hilal 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCurrently, a novel green material, defatted spent coffee ground (DSCG), is employed as a support to prepare DSCG supported Ru (DSCG‐Ru) material. DSCG and DSCG‐Ru materials are characterized by advanced surface analytical techniques such as N2 adsorption‐desorption, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction. Characterization results revealed that DSCG‐Ru was prepared successfully. First, DSCG‐Ru is prepared at varying Ru contents on deoiled coffee waste and hydrogen production experiments are performed by the methanolysis of sodium borohydride on the DSCG‐Ru catalysts. It is observed that optimum conditions for the catalyst preparation are examined on the 10% Ru containing DSCG‐Ru catalysts and found as 10% Ru, 300°C, and 60 minutes. DSCG catalyst containing 10% Ru completed the methanolysis reaction in 1.5 minutes. Capacitive measurements to investigate the supercapacitor property of DSCG‐Ru catalysts prepared at optimum conditions 10% Ru, 300°C, and 60 minutes is investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge‐discharge measurements. Results revealed that gravimetric capacitance of the electrode at a current density is found as of 0.5 A/g and 43 F/g, greater than the literature values. DSCG‐Ru, green novel supported Ru catalyst, has a dual promising performance in hydrogen production and supercapacitor measurements.
Novel morphologic findings in PLAG1‐rearranged soft tissue tumors
Authors: Logan Suzanna J. , Schieffer Kathleen M. , Conces Miriam R. , Stonerock Eileen , Miller Anthony R. , Fitch James , LaHaye Stephanie , Voytovich Kyle , McGrath Sean , Magrini Vincent , White Peter , Wilson Richard K. , Mardis Elaine R. , Cottrell Catherine E. , Koo Selene C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOncogenesis in PLAG1‐rearranged tumors often results from PLAG1 transcription factor overexpression driven by promoter‐swapping between constitutively expressed fusion partners. PLAG1‐rearranged tumors demonstrate diverse morphologies. This study adds to this morphologic heterogeneity by introducing two tumors with PLAG1 rearrangements that display distinct histologic features. The first arose in the inguinal region of a 3‐year‐old, appeared well‐circumscribed with a multinodular pattern, and harbored two fusions: ZFHX4‐PLAG1 and CHCHD7‐PLAG1. The second arose in the pelvic cavity of a 15‐year‐old girl, was extensively infiltrative and vascularized with an adipocytic component, and demonstrated a COL3A1‐PLAG1 fusion. Both showed low‐grade cytomorphology, scarce mitoses, no necrosis, and expression of CD34 and desmin. The ZFHX4‐/CHCHD7‐PLAG1‐rearranged tumor showed no evidence of recurrence after 5 months. By contrast, the COL3A1‐PLAG1‐rearranged tumor quickly recurred following primary excision with positive margins; subsequent re‐excision with adjuvant chemotherapy resulted in no evidence of recurrence after 2 years. While both tumors show overlap with benign and malignant fibroblastic and fibrovascular neoplasms, they also display divergent features. These cases highlight the importance of appropriate characterization in soft tissue tumors with unusual clinical and histologic characteristics.