bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Розвиток в Україні методів вимірювання в мікрохвильовому і терагерцовому діапазонах електромагнітних хвиль (огляд)
Authors: Дробахін Олег Олегович 
Published: December 2024

В огляді проведено аналіз досягнень українських вчених у галузі вимірювань у мікрохвильовому і терагерцовому діапазонах довжин електромагнітних хвиль. Розглянуто застосування надкоротких надширокополосних імпульсів для підповерхневого зондування, виявлення об’єктів. Такі засоби знайшли практичну застосовність у довгохвильовій частині мікрохвильового діапазону. У сантиметровому і міліметровому діапазонах перспективним є застосування методу синтезу часових сигналів за даними багаточастотних вимірювань, досягнуто тривалість імпульсів 70 пс. Синтез може бути здійснений на основі принципу фур’є-голографії у просторі частота-час. Для отримання сигналів у часовій області можуть бути застосовані методи параметричного спектрального аналізу. Низка приладів базується на ідеї інтерферометра Майкельсона, яка реалізована на хресті з надрозмірних хвилеводів, Е-площинному хвилеводному хресті. Багатозондові вимірювачі (мінімальна кількість зондів – 2) дозволяють отримати значення комплексного коефіцієнту відбиття. Такий вимірювач реалізує принцип голографії на зустрічних пучках в дискретному варіанті. На основі такого підходу були практично реалізовані безконтактні вимірювачі вібрацій. Нейронні мережі знайшли застосування для калібрування детекторів, розпізнавання та оцінки координат об’єктів. Резонансні методи вимірювань представлені низкою типів резонаторів: резонатори з коливаннями типу «шепочучої галереї», комбіновані відкриті резонатори із відрізком короткозамкненого хвилеводу, зв’язані біконічні резонатори. Реалізовані методи фізичної характеризації рідин у надмалих об’ємах, порядку мікролітру. Такі виміри базуються на визначенні резонансної частоти і добротності типу коливань. Для визначення таких параметрів у загальному випадку має застосовуватися дробово-раціональна апроксімація. Резонансні датчики покращили засоби ближнепольової скануючої мікроскопії. Вимірювання властивостей матеріалів, неруйнівний контроль значною мірою базується на розв’язку відповідної оберненої задачі для шаруватих структур. В огляді подано результати досліджень у цьому напрямі.
Analisis Kesiapan Jurnal Akademik di Lingkungan Universitas Tidar menuju Bereputasi Nasional
Authors: Agustyaningrum Nina , Jannah Eka Nur , Ikhwan Khairul 
Published: December 2024

<em>Scientific journals are crucial for disseminating research and providing up-to-date references in various fields. As such, any research that does not refer to current and relevant journals will lose its significance and novelty. Therefore, earnest efforts are necessary to produce quality journals, particularly within higher education institutions. This study aims to analyze the readiness of journals at Tidar University to achieve accreditation as nationally reputable journals through SINTA accreditation. The analysis refers to the instruments and criteria required by the national journal accreditation system (ARJUNA). This research is a descriptive quantitative study using a literature review method by conducting an online search of journal websites. The collected information is analyzed using content analysis methods to obtain information on the readiness of the journals according to the scientific journal accreditation guidelines. </em><em>Findings indicate that out of 34 journals at Tidar University, 24 (70%) are unaccredited. These unaccredited journals have the potential to pursue accreditation. Journals meeting accreditation requirements include the Journal of Aquaculture Development and Environment (JADE), Journal of Livestock Science and Production (JaLSPro), THETA OMEGA: Journal of Electrical Engineering, Computer, and Information Technology, Jurnal Rekayasa Infrastruktur Sipil, ABDIPRAJA, and Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (KASTARA). Other journals need to fulfill requirements such as obtaining a DOI, having two years of publication history, and Google Scholar indexing. Based on these findings, the university should support by providing training and mentoring for journal editors to improve management, thereby achieving national accreditation.</em>
Impact of food behavior and nutritional intake on the health status of hemodialysis patients
Authors: N Syedali Fathima , K Merina Elizabeth  Joseph , KN Preethi , Abraham Georgi , D Anandhi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Adequate nutrition intake by hemodialysis (HD) patients is known to prevent complications and achieving better quality of life. This study was done to compare food behavior and nutritional intake between well-nourished and malnourished HD patients. Methodology: The study included 94 patients, on HD for at least 2 months were randomly selected after getting their prior consent. The study is done with the help of validated questionnaire. The information’s were collected from case sheets and patient through direct interview. Results: Out of 94 selected HD patients 46.8% were well nourished, 50% were mild to moderately malnourished and 3.2% were severely malnourished. The study on the food behavior shows that there is a positive impact on health status of the HD patients based on the number of meals taken in a day and inclusion of food groups such as pulses, egg, meat, vegetables and fruits. The mean ± SD of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate taken by the HD patients were 1386.72 ± 353.13 kcal/day, 43.67 ± 11.53 g/day, 32.85 ± 9.11 g/day and 213.81 ± 49.45 g/day. It is observed that there is a statistically significant difference in the health status of HD patients based on the intake of calories, fat and carbohydrate. The study shows no statistically significant difference among the three different health groups based on the consumption of protein. The vintage of Dialysis was also significantly associated with the nutritional status. Conclusion: The present study shows that there is a positive influence of food behavior and nutritional intake on hemodialysis patient’s health status.
Vitreous hemorrhage in patients with uveitis: a comparative study between adults and children
Authors: Abroug Nesrine , Dridi Tarek , Mourali Mootez , Nabi Wijdene , Ksiaa Imen , Kechida Melek , Khochtali Sana , Jelliti Bechir , Khairallah Moncef 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To compare clinical findings and visual outcomes of vitreous hemorrhage (VH) associated with uveitis in adults versus children.
Methods
a retrospective comparative study.
Results
There were 36 adults (44 eyes) and 10 children (12 eyes). Median age was 35 years in the adult group and 9.5 years in the pediatric group. VH was the presenting manifestation of the underlying uveitis in 45.7% of patients. VH in the adult group was more frequently associated with vascular sheathing, retinal hemorrhages, and extensive peripheral retinal ischemia on fluorescein angiography (FA), whereas VH in the pediatric group was associated with a significantly lower presenting visual acuity, and more frequently with vitritis and non-occlusive retinal vasculitis with fern-like retinal capillaritis. The most common source of bleeding was ischemia-driven retinal or optic disc neovascularization in the adult group (81.8%, p ≤ 0.001) and inflammation-driven optic disc neovascularization in the pediatric group (66.6%, p ≤ 0.001). A retinal vasoproliferative tumor was the cause of VH in one child (1.8%). Tuberculosis and Behçet’s uveitis were the most common etiologies of uveitis in the adult group. Idiopathic intermediate uveitis/pars planitis was the leading cause of VH in the pediatric group. The mean final visual acuity was significantly higher in the pediatric group (20/25) than in the adult group (20/50) (p = 0.045).
Conclusions
VH associated with uveitis has a distinctive clinical and etiological profile between adults and children. The main source of bleeding was ischemia-driven neovascularization in adults and inflammation-driven neovascularization in children.
Rare Presentation of Cysticercosis—A Case Report on Buccal Mucosa Involvement
Authors: BIRADAR AISHWARYA , BABU MANU S , INGALE MAYUR 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia solium. The larval stage, known as Cysticercus cellulosae, can lodge in various tissues of the body, with the most common sites being the brain, eyes, and skeletal muscles . Oral cysticercosis is considered a rare occurrence, and a precise clinical diagnosis is not usually established. We present a case of cysticercosis on the buccal mucosa of a patient and review the relevant literature.
CASE REPORT
A 23-year-old female patient presented with a swelling on the cheek that had been present for about three years. The lesion was painless and had shown a slow rate of growth was treated surgically and post op antihelminthic drugs
Discussion
Surgical excision remains the mainstay of treatment for localized cysticercosis, followed by antiparasitic medication like Albendazole and Praziquantel to prevent recurrence or dissemination
conclusion
Prompt recognition and early, proactive treatment of cysticercosis are always advantageous, as they help avoid unnecessary surgical interventions and ensure a favorable outcome for the patient.
A Qualitative Study: New Zealand Medical Students’ Experience of Cognitive Bias Modification-Stereotype (CBM-S)—A Self-Run Digital Implicit Bias Training
Authors: Hsu Che-Wei , Robbins Alex , Cartwright Tiana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In healthcare, it has been well-documented that marginalized communities face a higher risk of health problems due to inequitable opportunities, with implicit bias contributing a major role to this health inequity. In the present qualitative study, we aimed to complement a previous randomized control trial that examined Cognitive Bias Modification-Stereotype (CBM-S)—a self-run digital training for medical students targeting their implicit stereotype bias towards Māori, an indigenous population of New Zealand. We gathered feedback from New Zealand medical students’ experiences and acceptance of CBM-S in order to improve its implementation in medical education. Semi-structured group interviews were conducted with 20 students (in their 1st to 5th year of medicine), with 3–5 students per interview group. Qualitative analyses using framework and thematic analysis revealed six major thematic categories: Engagement; Understanding of CBM-S; Perceived impact of CBM-S; Application of CBM-S; Barriers and facilitators; Initial expectations of training, along with several nested sub-themes. By and large, CBM-S was perceived favorably by students on various aspects, including engagement, clarity, application, and effectiveness and relevance to clinical settings and stereotyping of Māori patients. Particularly, students appreciated the self-guided format and active involvement during the training, reporting a sense of independence, engagement, and feeling in control of the pace. Several helpful suggestions were made with including debriefing sessions, interactive discussion session, and ways to improve the delivery and engagement of CBM-S. The rich content that was obtained from the present study open up an avenue for improving CBM-S for future studies and application in medical education.
The VAPB Axis Precisely Coordinates the Timing of Motoneuron Dendritogenesis in Neural Map Development
Authors: Kamiyama Daichi , Nishida Yuri , Kamiyama Rie , Sego Anthony , Vining George , Bui Kathy , Fitch Miyuki , Do Hy , Avraham Oshri , Chihara Takahiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In Drosophila motoneurons, spatiotemporal dendritic patterns are established in the ventral nerve cord. While many guidance cues have been identified, the mechanisms of temporal regulation remain unknown. Previously, we identified the actin modulator Cdc42 GTPase as a key factor in this process. In this report, we further identify the upstream factors that activate Cdc42. Using single-cell genetics, FRET-based imaging, and biochemical techniques, we demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav is anchored to the plasma membrane via the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase, enabling Cdc42 activation. VAMP-associated protein 33 (Vap33), an Eph ligand supplied non-cell-autonomously, may induce Eph autophosphorylation, initiating downstream signaling. Traditionally known as an ER-resident protein, Vap33 is secreted extracellularly at the onset of Cdc42 activation, acting as a temporal cue. In humans, VAPB—the ortholog of Vap33—is similarly secreted in the spinal cord, and its dysregulation leads to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 (ALS8) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Our findings provide a framework linking VAPB signaling to motor circuitry formation in both health and disease.
High-efficiency monitoring of respiratory viruses in a single exhaled breath
Authors: Liu Quanjun , Li Weihao , Gao Han , Cheng Mengqing , Yin Chaoyi , Lv Manman , Han Yemin , Yu Haotian , Lin Weiming , Huang Yan , Zhang Qaing , Meng Dianhuai , Weng Tian , Lu Zuhong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Exhaled breath (EB), as a non-invasive biological sample, has garnered attention for diagnosis and monitoring respiratory diseases. However, efficiently collecting EB viruses for downstream detection remains a key challenge. This study introduced a novel Phase-change Drywall Cyclone Sampler (PDC-sampler), which was designed and optimized through airflow control to integrate condensation with drywall cyclone gas-liquid separation. The PDC-sampler efficiently collects viral particles from EB (8-10 μL per single EB (SEB)) without requiring a sampling liquid solution. When combined with the gold-standard reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), it enabled routine positive detection in infected individuals (≥ 103 copies/SEB). By coupling with the low-cost microfluidic electrophoretic virus enrichment chip or the high-cost and highly sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), the detection limit of EB viruses was reduced to 5-9 copies/SEB, which is an order of magnitude lower than the minimum viral concentration required for infection (~ 102 copies/SEB). Notably, tests on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza-infected volunteers demonstrated performance comparable to or better than throat swabs, validating the PDC-sampler’s effectiveness in real-world applications. This study provides an efficient, automated, and non-invasive solution for the early diagnosis, transmission mechanism study, and large-scale screening and monitoring of respiratory diseases.
Air Quality Assessment by Daily Estimation of Ground-Level PM2.5 Concentrations over Baghdad City Using MODIS AOD Data
Authors: Abdulrahman Khudhur R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study concentrates on evaluating the quality of air over Baghdad city by estimating the daily ground-level PM₂.₅ concentrations using MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data from the Terra and Aqua satellites. Because of the scarcity of ground-based monitoring stations in Baghdad satellite data significantly enhances air pollution tracking. AOD measurements from 2022 have been Paired with Ground-level PM₂.₅ Concern concentrations collected from the US Embassy's air quality monitor. Multiple regression models (linear, quadratic, exponential) were applied to estimate PM₂.₅ concentrations, with the quadratic model proving to be the most accurate for most months. The results reveal that air quality in Baghdad frequently falls under the "Unhealthy" and "Very Unhealthy" categories, especially during the winter and early spring due to temperature inversions and open-air burning. In this study, the effectiveness of satellite data in complementing ground measurements is brought to the spotlight as well as emphasizing the necessity for public health interventions during periods of high pollution.
An Assessment of Noise Level Mapping in Plateau State University Bokkos.
Authors: Zitta Solomon Wuyep , Simi Ogbole Alexandra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Noise pollution is an increasing environmental issue impacting urban areas, especially educational institutions where the academic performance, health, and well-being of individuals can be affected significantly. This study identified the main sources of noise, measured noise levels, and mapped the spatial distribution of noise pollution within Plateau State University, Bokkos, Nigeria. Using geo-mapping software and sound level meter, a total of 15 monitoring locations within the University were selected based on the land use. Three readings obtained at an interval of one hour; in the morning, at noon and in the evening for a period of one week were recorded. ArcGIS 10.5 was used to perform inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) Interpolation of the Spatial distribution of noise level in the study area. Findings were compared with the World Health Organization and the National Environmental Regulatory agency standard for noise levels. Results showed that students and traffic constitute the major sources of noise in the study environment. High noise levels were recorded at all the selected points, especially the classroom areas where the level is above the standard limit of 50 dB for educational area. The study recommends that in order to manage and control noise pollution, the University should reassign incompatible land uses, build sound proof walls, plant trees, within and around the Campus. In such ways, noise pollution would be minimized, this will hinder the interference of noise with academic activities within the Campus.
The Invisible Burden: factors behind undetected TB cases in India (2000-2024): A Systematic Review
Authors: Shrisunder Rechel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
India aims to “End TB” by 2025. Despite efforts being made to revolutionize TB care, many factors are fuelling these missing cases in India. To understand this, we conducted a systematic review to identify factors contributing to these gaps, focusing on diagnostic issues, untreated or incompletely treated patients.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science (from 2000 to 2024) for studies analysing factors associated or causing missing TB cases in the Indian context. Based on standard inclusion and exclusion criteria, relevant studies were selected, data related to the factors were extracted. The CASP tool assess the risk of bias in the selected studies.
Results
Among 253 identified articles, 25 studies were finally included which fit the criteria under missing cases. Based on the objectives of the review, we categorized all factors leading to missing cases under patient or provider related with reference to the layers of the onion model. In summary our studies reveal that provider related factors such as: i) Private practitioners inadequate notification to central registries, ii) insufficient training among health care providers causing diagnostic errors iii) inability of the staff to deal with the adverse effects of the drug, iv) Loss to follow-up during diagnosis v) limited diagnostic infrastructure, vi) non-reporting private practitioners lead to missing cases. Likewise, patient-related factors included: i) sputum volume and sample collection, ii) non-adherence to treatment, iii) low education and awareness, iv) socio-cultural taboo, v) loss to follow-up due to poor disease treatment & management awareness which further exacerbated the extent of missing cases. Based on the onion model for missing cases, we highlighted patient and system related factors relevant for missed cases for each layer, with a focus on the Indian scenario.
Conclusion
The review underscores that providers related barriers are further magnified by patient-related challenges. Provider related factors dwarf patient related factors in terms of number, and classification according to the onion model. Addressing these gaps through targeted training for public and private healthcare providers for TB identification, diagnosis, and management; and strengthening diagnostic infrastructure could significantly reduce missed cases and improve TB control efforts in India.
Improved Scaling and Impact Metrics for Pan-Atlantic Atmospheric Rivers
Authors: Thandlam Venugopal , Rutgersson Anna , Sahlee Erik 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are essential components of the global water cycle, significantly impacting regional pre-
cipitation patterns and extreme weather events. Existing AR scales, while valuable, often lack regional specificity,
particularly in capturing the nuances of ARs in sub-polar regions. This study addresses these limitations by developing an improved AR scale and impact metrics tailored to the Pan-Atlantic region. Using high-resolution reanalysis data and the Bayesian AR Detector (BARD), the research analyses AR characteristics, highlighting the contrasts between Pacific and Atlantic ARs. Recognizing the limitations of the current AR scale developed by the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes (CS), the study introduces the Uppsala University (UU) AR scale (NS), specifically designed for the Pan-Atlantic region. The NS incorporates a lower IVT threshold, equal weights for all categories, and a 72-hour persistency, reflecting regional AR behaviour better. The study proposes alternative impact metrics- the AR Severity Index (ARSI), AR Severity Index Kinetic (ARSIK), and a Risk Index- to provide a more comprehensive assessment of AR impacts. These refined metrics and the region-specific NS enhance understanding of AR impacts in the Pan-Atlantic region, contributing to improved forecasting, disaster preparedness, and water resource management.
Determinants of Stillbirth among Mothers Who Gave Birth at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, Asella, South East Oromia, Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study
Authors: Shiferaw Getachew , Jambo Adem , Kalu Abdurahman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: The annual global burden of stillbirths is approximately 2.6-3.3 million. The World Health Statistics 2013 report has shown that the Ethiopian stillbirth rate accounts for 26 per 1000 deliveries which is third highest in East African countries next to Djibouti and Somalia; and seventh among the ten countries that account for two-thirds of all third-trimester stillbirths in the world. Attempts to lower the stillbirth rate may be hampered by an incomplete understanding of the risk factors leading to the majority of stillbirths. So, this study intended to identify determinants of stillbirth among mothers who gave birth at Asella Referral Teaching Hospital and it will contribute significantly for community being served at this Hospital and government.
Methods: A prospective unmatched case-control study was conducted from February11-August 31,2022 G.C at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, where a total of 351 post-partum women with a ratio of 1:2 i.e., case (117) to control (234). Data was entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS Version 26 window for analysis. Descriptive frequency and percent, binary and multiple logistic regression were used for data analysis, presentation and to test the association between dependent and independent variables. A P-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare the level of significance.
Result: A total of 351 women were participated in this study with 100% response rate. The age of majority study participants [292(83.2%)] were in the category of 20-34 years. Women who had birth interval of less than 2 years [AOR=4.06,95%CI:1.23-13.37], APH[AOR= 13.09;95%CI:2.43-47.50],Preeclampsia[AOR=6.97; 95% CI:1.37-35.37], Rural Residence [AOR =13.00,95%CI:3.43-49.87], Referral from other facility[AOR=6.13,95%CI:2.32-16.22], ANC Contact at ≥28 weeks [AOR=12.51, 95% CI:2.19-41.40] ,Preterm birth [ AOR=14.62,95% CI:2.44-37.33] and Birth Weight less than 2500grams [AOR =10.63,95%CI:3.22-34.92] were identified independent risk factor of stillbirth.
Conclusion: Being referral from other health facility, starting ANC follow-up late after 28 weeks, rural residence, Preeclampsia, Antepartum hemorrhage (APH), preterm delivery, low birthweight and birth interval less than two years were identified risk factors of stillbirth in this study.