bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound liquid–gel hybrid lens using acoustic radiation forces
Authors: Miki Haruto , Nakamura Kosuke , Harada Yuki , Matsukawa Mami , Koyama Daisuke 
Published: January 2025

Conventional camera modules use a mechanical system comprising moving
parts to change the focal length of the lens by moving it along the
optical axis, increasing the volume of the camera. Here, the potential
of compact variable-focus lenses was examined to enhance response
speed and robustness via a combination of viscoelastic gel films,
liquids, and acoustic radiation forces. The optical properties of the
lenses were evaluated using a wavefront sensor. Focal lengths could be
controlled by changing the lens shape via acoustic radiation forces
generated by ultrasound vibrations. The response time of the lens was
dependent on the thickness of the gel film on the lens surface; a
thinner film thickness resulted in a shorter response time. The
response times for hybrid lenses with gel film thickness of , 0.8 mm, 1 mm, and
2 mm were 58 ms, 68 ms, 82 ms, and
172 ms, respectively.
Modeling wavelengths and spectral half-power bandwidths for Rayleigh equation anomaloscopes
Authors: Dain Stephen J. , Hovis Jeffery K. 
Published: January 2025

The recommended and required wavelengths for Rayleigh equation anomaloscopes are many and varied and without a numerical evidence base. The requirements for spectral half-power bandwidth in the German standard DIN 6160 also have no known evidence base. This paper provides data to establish requirements. The constraint on the short-wavelength limit of green was assessed by plotting chromaticities for wavelengths around the Nagel anomaloscope green and spectral half-power bandwidths up to 60 nm and identifying the combinations that lie within the first half confusion zone from the spectral locus of the deuteranope, being more restrictive than the protanopic zone. The other wavelength limits were assessed by modeling the match point and matching range using the normal and anomalous photopigment data of J. Opt. Soc. Am. A9, 1465 (1992)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.9.001465. The proposed wavelength limits are expressed as chromaticity, equivalent wavelength, and spectral half-power bandwidth limits. The wavelength limits are less restrictive than in DIN 6160.
Bacteriological quality of drinking water and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Daba Chala , Berhanu Leykun , Desye Belay , Berihun Gete , Geto Abebe Kassa 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Drinking contaminated water is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in Sub-Saharan Africa, where access to safe drinking water is limited. Although numerous studies have investigated the bacteriological quality of drinking water in Ethiopia, their findings have been inconsistent and varied, hindering the implementation of effective water quality monitoring. Moreover, there is a lack of nationwide assessment of the bacteriological quality of drinking water in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the bacteriological quality of drinking water and its associated factors in Ethiopia.

Methods
An international electronic database, including PubMed, Science Direct, Global Health, CINAHL, African Journals Online, HINARI, and Google Scholar was employed to retrieve the relevant articles. The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled effect size, and the Egger regression model was employed using STATA 14 software to assess potential publication bias.

Results
A total of 26 studies involving 7,962 water samples met the eligibility criteria for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of at least one bacteriological contamination of drinking water was 52.26% (95%CI: 39.09–65.43), with extreme heterogeneity (I2 = 99.7%; p-value < 0.001). The pooled prevalence of total and fecal coliform in drinking water was 49.55% (95% CI: 34.88–64.23) and 44.27% (95%CI: 34.36–54.19), respectively. 14.13% of the water source was at a very high sanitary risk level (unfit for drinking), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 94.1%, p< 0.001). The absence of household-level water treatment (OR = 3.3; 95%CI: 1.28–5.32) and drawing water using dipping methods (OR = 4.52; 95%CI: 1.71–7.34) were determinant factors for bacteriological contamination of drinking water.

Conclusion
We found that the bacteriological quality of drinking water did not comply with the World Health Organization and Ethiopia’s standard guidelines for drinking water, which call for urgent intervention. One out of seven water sources was at a high sanitary risk level, which could increase the risk of infectious disease in the country. The absence of household-level water treatment and drawing water using dipping was a significant factor in the bacteriological quality of drinking water. Based on these findings, the water supply and sewerage authority should prioritize regular monitoring of the bacteriological quality of drinking water.
Oncologists’ views on ototoxicity monitoring in head and neck cancer patients: A South Indian qualitative study
Authors: Shankar Varsha , Seethapathy Jayashree , Srinivas Satish , Nandhan Raghu , Saravanam Prasanna Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Aim
The perspectives and practices of healthcare professionals regarding ototoxicity in individuals with head and neck cancers are important for the implementation of ototoxicity monitoring. The current study aims to explore the oncologist’s awareness and perspectives of ototoxicity and ototoxicity monitoring for individuals with head and neck cancer in a South-Indian district, using qualitative semi-structured interviews.

Method
The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) Checklist was used to guide the method of the current qualitative study. A conceptual framework was developed for the formulation of the interview guides. Three medical oncologists and six radiation oncologists from cancer care centres participated in the study. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was carried out using a hybrid inductive-deductive approach to present the findings under the respective overarching themes.

Results
All oncologists are aware of the ototoxic effects caused by radiation therapy and chemoradiotherapy. It was consistently reported that the severity of the hearing loss was not substantial enough to warrant significant concern. Ototoxicity is not emphasized during the counseling process. All participants reported having awareness and knowledge of ototoxicity monitoring programs and understood their importance. However, none of them reported the implementation of an ototoxicity monitoring program in their facility.

Discussion
It is imperative to enhance the knowledge and understanding of the ototoxic nature of cancer treatment modalities among oncologists. It is crucial to raise awareness regarding the significance of ototoxicity monitoring programs among all physicians involved in the treatment of patients with cancer for maximum impact. The barriers to implementing ototoxicity monitoring programs in high- and low-income countries are similar. The models implemented in high-income countries can be adapted for use in low-middle income countries with suitable restructuring.

Conclusion
The current study provides valuable insights into the status of ototoxicity monitoring in the South-Indian context. The findings align with the key components of the health belief model, including perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and cues to action. Involving oncologists in the planning phase of the ototoxicity monitoring programs can help tailor future research questions and solutions to improve quality of life, foster collaboration among healthcare professionals, and produce actionable outcomes that may influence policy on ototoxicity monitoring.
Recovery time and predictors of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6–59 months via an outpatient therapeutic program in Borena zone: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Bune Girma Tenkolu , Mohammed Abuna , Hailu Samrawit , Ashenafi Eden 
Published: January 2025

Background
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a severe condition causing bilateral pitting edema or signs of wasting in children, with a high mortality risk. An outpatient therapeutic program is recommended for managing SAM children without complications, but there is limited information on recovery time and its determinants.

Objective
This study aims to assess the time to recovery and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months with SAM admitted to the Outpatient therapeutic program in the Borena zone, Oromia region, Southern Ethiopia in 2023.

Methods
A prospective follow-up study was carried out from March 1–30, 2023, on 322 children aged 6–59 months in health facilities in the Borena zone. After being collected using a structured questionnaire, the data was imported into Epi Data Manager version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Model fitness was assessed using the log rank test, and time-to-recovery from SAM was found to be predicted by Cox regression analysis. Lastly, the study used the Adjusted Hazard Ratio with a p-value < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval to describe the connection.

Results
The median duration for recovery was found to be 42 days with an interquartile range of 35 to 49. Children who received Amoxicillin had a four-times higher recovery rate (AHR = 4.09; 95% CI: 2.75, 6.07). The presence of diarrhea prolonged the recovery time by 53.0% (AHR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.62), while vomiting prolonged the recovery time by 58.0% (AHR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.55). Edema reduced the chances of recovery by 48% (AHR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.62).

Conclusion
The study found that recovery time for children with severe acute malnutrition is consistent with prior research. Key factors influencing recovery duration include the prompt administration of Amoxicillin upon admission and the presence of symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and edema. The findings emphasize the critical role of specific symptoms in predicting recovery times for children with SAM. By understanding these relationships, healthcare providers can enhance treatment strategies, improve resource management, and ultimately contribute to better health outcomes for affected children.
Clinical outcomes and anti-inflammatory mechanisms predict maximum heart rate improvement after physical activity training in individuals with psychiatric disorders and comorbid obesity
Authors: Soldevila-Matías Pau , Sánchez-Ortí Joan Vicent , Correa-Ghisays Patricia , Balanzá-Martínez Vicent , Selva-Vera Gabriel , Sanchis-Sanchis Roberto , Iglesias-García Néstor , Monfort-Pañego Manuel , Tomás-Martínez Pilar , Victor Víctor M. , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , Valenzuela Constanza San Martin , Climent-Sánchez José Antonio , Corral-Márquez Rosana , Fuentes-Durá Inmaculada , Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
This study aimed to evaluate the predictive validity and discriminatory ability of clinical outcomes, inflammatory activity, oxidative and vascular damage, and metabolic mechanisms for detecting significant improve maximum heart rate after physical activity training in individuals with psychiatric disorders and obesity comorbid using a longitudinal design and transdiagnostic perspective.

Methods
Patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and, schizophrenia and with comorbid obesity (n = 29) were assigned to a 12-week structured physical exercise program. Peripheral blood biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular mechanisms, and metabolic activity, as well as neurocognitive and functional performance were assessed twice, before and after intervention. Maximum heart rate was considered a marker of effectiveness of physical activity. Mixed one-way analysis of variance and linear regression analyses were performed.

Results
Individuals with psychiatric disorders and comorbid obesity exhibited an improvement in cognition, mood symptoms and body mass index, increase anti-inflammatory activity together with enhancement of the oxidative and cardiovascular mechanisms after physical activity training (p<0.05 to 0.0001; d = 0.47 to 1.63). A better clinical outcomes along with regulation of inflammatory, oxidative, and cardiovascular mechanisms were critical for predicting significant maximum heart rate variation over time (χ2 = 32.2 to 39.0, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
The regulation of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms may be essential for maintained of healthy physical activity across psychiatric disorders and obesity. Likewise, inflammatory activity, oxidative stress, vascular and cardio-metabolic mechanisms may be a useful to identify individuals at greater risk of multi-comorbidity.
Point prevalence survey of antibiotic use in Mexican secondary care hospitals
Authors: Zumaya-Estrada Federico A. , Alpuche-Aranda Celia M. , Huerta Icelo Hilda Ivonne , Neri-Estrada Felipe D. , Calixto Silva Verónica M. , Quiroz Escoriza Haydee E. , Garza-Ramos Jesus Ulises , Saturno-Hernandez Pedro J. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Tackling the inertia of growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires changes in how antibiotics are prescribed and utilized. The monitoring of antimicrobial prescribing in hospitals is a critical component in optimizing antibiotic use. Point prevalence surveys (PPSs) enable the surveillance of antibiotic prescribing at the patient level in small hospitals that lack the resources to establish antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP). In this study, we analyzed antibiotic use at two public secondary care hospitals in Mexico using PPSs.

Methods
Following WHO methodology, we conducted four cross-sectional PPSs on antibiotic use in two public secondary care facilities in Mexico: two surveys in a women’s specialty hospital (H1) and two in a general referral hospital (H2). We collected data from clinical records of all patients with active antibiotic prescriptions (APs) across the medical, surgical, and mixed (MIX) wards, and intensive care units (ICUs). Descriptive statistics were computed to analyze the PPSs data using Stata.

Results
The PPSs collected data on 127 patients, and 283 active APs. The prevalence of antibiotic use was 60.4% (H1, n = 29/48) and 70.5% (H2, n = 98/139). Antibiotics were more frequently used among patients in the MIX wards (H1: 87.5%, n = 14/16) and ICUs (H2: 90%, n = 9/10). The most frequent patient indications for antibiotic use were medical prophylaxis (H1: 51.7%, n = 15/29), community-acquired infections (H2: 42.9%, n = 42/98), and preoperative prophylaxis (H1: 27.6%, n = 8/29; H2: 23.5%, n = 23/98). The APs were mostly empirical (H1: 97%, n = 64/66; H2: 98.2%, n = 213/217), and parenterally administered (H1: 90.9%, n = 60/66; H2: 96.8%, n = 210/217). Most clinical records lacked documented post-prescription reviews (H1: 82.8%, n = 24/29; H2: 98%, n = 96/98). Preoperative prophylaxis was predominantly administered as multiple doses for more than one day. Penicillins with extended-spectrum (24.2%, n = 16/66), aminoglycosides (22.7%, n = 15/66), and first-generation cephalosporins (16.7%, n = 11/66) were the most prescribed antibiotic classes in H1, while third-generation cephalosporins (35%, n = 76/217), fluoroquinolones (14.3%, n = 31/217), and carbapenems (13.4%, n = 29/217) were the most prescribed in H2. No hospital had formally established ASP.

Conclusions
This study shows high prevalence rates of antibiotic use and variations in commonly prescribed antibiotic classes in public Mexican secondary care hospitals, along with shared practices in broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription. PPS-based surveillance enables the identification of specific targets to optimize antibiotic use according to the healthcare needs of patients in each hospital and facilitates comparative evaluations across hospitals.
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in revision surgery—Indications and results
Authors: Bergert Patricia , Henkelmann Ralf , Hepp Pierre , Theopold Jan 
Published: January 2025

Background
The number of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) procedures performed worldwide has increased over the last 10 years, with a corresponding increase in revision shoulder arthroplasty (SRSA). SRSA is often used for post-traumatic revision surgery in cases of infections and failure of anatomical prostheses. Data on outcomes with specific detail for each indication for the prosthetic solution as a secondary treatment are scarce, and inhomogeneous.

Methods
The questionnaires were sent by mail to 65 patients who underwent SRSA between January 2014 and November 2023. Based on the indications for SRSA, patients were categorized into post-traumatic shoulder arthritis, humeral head necrosis, failed proximal humerus fractures, failed proximal humerus osteosynthesis, prostheses loosening, and infection groups.

Results
Of the 65 patients included in the study, 39 completed the questionnaire, and the mean follow-up duration was 44 months (range, 12–104 months). The Constant score ranged from 28 points for all 6 groups (range, 38–66). The post-infection group showed the highest results, with 66 points (range, 24–90) on the Constant score; followed by 26 points (range, 49–6) points on the DASH score; and 0.90 (range, 0.763–1) on the EQ-5D-5L. Failed proximal humerus fractures presented the lowest scores: 38 points (range, 22–63) on the Constant score; 51 points (range, 73–30) points on the DASH score; and 0.61 (range, -0.496–1) on the EQ-5D-5L.

Conclusions
No previous study has investigated the influence of indications on the clinical outcome of SRSA so circumstantial. In this study, the highest outcome scores were observed in the post-infection group, whereas the lowest scores were observed in the failed humerus fracture group. Our results underline the influence of the indication on the clinical outcome of SRSA.
Ratio of remnant cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus risk in early pregnancy among Korean women
Authors: Sheng Jing , Ma Chun-Fang , Wu Xiao-Fei , Li Xiang-Xiang 
Published: January 2025

Objective
There is no evidence to suggest that an association exists between the remnant cholesterol (RC) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In this study, the RC/HDL-C ratio during the first trimester was examined as a potential indicator of the onset of GDM during the second trimester.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis of data from a Korea-based prospective cohort study. The study involved 582 women within 14 weeks of pregnancy who were examined between November 2014 and July 2016 at two Korean hospitals. RC was calculated as total cholesterol (TC) minus the sum of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-C. The RC/HDL-C ratio was determined by dividing the RC content by the HDL-C content. The RC/HDL-C ratio and GDM occurrence were investigated utilizing a binary logistic regression model, various sensitivity analyses, and subgroup analyses. Additionally, the RC/HDL-C ratio was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results
The average age of the pregnant women was 32.07 ± 3.78 years, and the RC/HDL-C ratio had a median value of 0.39. The prevalence of GDM was 6.01%. There was a positive association between the RC/HDL-C ratio and the incidence of GDM after adjusting for potential confounding variables (odds ratio: 21.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.55–133.73, P < 0.001). Furthermore, this association was validated by subgroup and sensitivity analyses. The results indicated that the RC/HDL-C ratio was a robust predictor of GDM, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.795 (95% CI: 0.723–0.868). The optimal threshold value was 0.45, with a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 75.3%. Compared with traditional lipid markers, including LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, TC, and the emerging marker RC, the RC/HDL-C exhibited higher diagnostic efficacy.

Conclusion
There is an increased risk of GDM associated with higher levels of the RC/HDL-C ratio between 12 and 14 weeks of gestation, independent of traditional risk factors. The RC/HDL-C ratio is more effective in diagnosing GDM than traditional lipid markers.
The spatializing consciousness of Chinese cinema
Authors: Nin-tung Lam , Fan Victor , Liu Siqi 
Published: January 2025

Written in 1983, this article has been considered the magnum opus of the Hong Kong film scholar Lam Nin-tung (林年同, 1944–90). For Lam, even though the cinema is technologically and ideologically configured according to the European theory of perspective, Chinese filmmakers have long experimented with spatializing the relationship between the spectator’s body and the image by layering views of reality onto a two-dimensional frame. In so doing, Lam sees the cinematographic image-consciousness as a process of mirroring-journeying, a ground-breaking understanding of the cinema that is drawn from aesthetic debates both in China and Europe and offers an intervention that predates and is comparable to film phenomenology and Deleuzian philosophy.
In this article, Lam Nin-tung’s own notes are provided as numbered side notes, whereas the translators’ notes (marked by typographical symbols) are placed at the end of each section. All dates are Common Era unless specified otherwise.
Making Qatar University (1973–2018): An Informal History, Donald Noel Baker (2024)
Authors: Determann Jörg Matthias 
Published: January 2025

Review of: Making Qatar University (1973–2018): An Informal History, Donald Noel Baker (2024)
Doha: Qatar University Press, 390 pp.,
ISBN 978-9-92716-754-6, p/bk, QAR 60
Bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in prepubertal obese children
Authors: Taha Ola , Elhwary Amany , Shoeib Sarah M. , Rashad Yosra Fouad Mohammed , Ata Dina 
Published: January 2025

Background Growing evidence suggests that childhood obesity has an impact on bone metabolism. Its entails of bone resorption, destruction of mature mineralized bone by osteoclasts followed by ossification, bone formation by osteoblasts, to maintain the dynamic nature of bone. Serum C-telopeptide of collagen cross-links (CTX) is considered a bone resorption marker while serum procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP) is considered abone formation marker. Previous studies have reported the abnormality of these bone turnover marker in obese children.
Objective To compare bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD) in obese prepubertal children to those of normoweight children.
Methods Bone metabolism was evaluated by measuring serum PINP as a bone formation marker and CTX level as a bone resorption marker by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan to evaluate BMD in 60 prepubertal children with obesity and 30 healthy prepubertal normoweight children.
Results The CTX was significantly higher in the case group compared to the control group (P=0.001). The case group also had significantly lower mean BMD (P=0.001) and BMD Z-score (P=0.001). C-telopeptide of collagen cross-links in the case group had significant positive correlations with waist circumference (P=0.001), BMI (P=0.001), and BMI Z-score (P=0.001). Significant negative correlations were found between waist circumference, BMI, and BMI Z-score with procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, BMD, and BMD Z-score.
Conclusion Obesity has a negative impact on bone health. Low BMD was associated with high CTX in prepubertal obese children.