bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, synthesis and antifungal/anti‐oomycete activity of pyrazolyl oxime ethers as novel potential succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors
Authors: Wang Minlong , Du Ying , Ling Chen , Yang Zhaokai , Jiang Biaobiao , Duan Hongxia , An Jie , Li Xinghai , Yang Xinling 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSuccinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) play an increasingly important role in controlling plant diseases. However, the similar structures of SDHIs result in rapid development of cross‐resistance development and a clear bottleneck of poor activity against oomycetes, therefore the need to seek new SDHI fungicides with novel structures is urgent.RESULTSInnovative pyrazolyl oxime ethers were designed by replacing amide with oxime ether based on the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) structure, and 19 pairs of Z‐ and E‐isomers were efficiently prepared for the discovery of SDHI compounds with a novel bridge. Their biological activities against four fungi and two oomycetes were evaluated, and substantial differences were observed between the Z‐ and E‐ isomers of the title compounds. Furthermore, most of these compounds exhibited remarkable activities against Rhizoctonia solani with EC50 values of less than 10 mg L−1 in vitro, and bioassay in vivo further confirmed that E‐I‐6 exhibited good protective efficacy (76.12%) at 200 mg L−1. In addition, Z‐I‐12 provided better activity against the oomycetes Pythium aphanidermatum and Phytophthora capsici (EC50 = 1.56 and 0.93 mg L−1) than those of boscalid. Moreover, E‐I‐12 exhibited excellent SDH inhibition (IC50 = 0.21 mg L−1) thanks to its good binding ability to the SDH by hydrogen‐bonding interactions, π‐cation interaction and hydrophobic interactions.CONCLUSIONNovel pyrazolyl oxime ethers have the potential as SDHI compounds for future development, and the strategy of replacing an amide bond with oxime ether may offer an alternative option in SDHI fungicide discovery.
Active disturbance rejection control for discrete systems with zero dynamics
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Pan Tianhong , Sira‐Ramirez Hebertt , Gao Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a discrete active disturbance rejection control (DADRC) scheme is proposed to manipulate linear input–output systems with zero dynamics. The DADRC is formulated according to the relative degree of the system output and is designed to track a reference and cancel both internal uncertainties and external disturbances. A parameter tuning method is also presented based on a part of the model information. The robustness and effectiveness of the designed scheme are demonstrated via numerical simulations.
A Pilot Study On Ex Vivo Expanded Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells of Improving Fat Retention in Localized Scleroderma Patients
Authors: Wang Chenyu , Long Xiao , Si Loubin , Chen Bo , Zhang Yiwei , Sun Tianyu , Zhang Xiuqin , Zhao Robert Chunhua , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In patients with localized scleroderma (LoS), facial deformity induced by subcutaneous atrophy greatly reduces life quality. Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is used for volume restoration but with low-fat retention due to various reasons. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown potential effects in improving fat retention. We aimed to compare the feasibility and efficacy of improving fat retention in LoS patients among the ADSCs-assisted, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF)-assisted and conventional AFG methods. A pilot study with a 6-month follow-up among 18 LoS patients was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned into three AFG groups: conventional group, SVF-assisted group, and ADSCs-assisted group. The SVF-assisted group received SVF-assisted AFG at the SVF:fat ratio of 1:1. The ADSCs-assisted group received the mixture of ADSCs-enriched fat graft supplemented with 5 × 105 ADSCs/mL fat. Volume retention was measured by magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical photographs were taken for outcome evaluation. At sixth-month follow-up, the fat retention of ADSCs-assisted group was 49.83 ± 3.61%, significantly higher than 31.75 ± 1.73% of SVF-assisted group (P = .0004), and 21.86 ± 1.68% of the conventional group (P &lt; .0001). A significant difference of the fat retention was also observed between the SVF-assisted and conventional group (P = .0346). No severe adverse events occurred during the procedure and follow-up. This pilot study suggests that ADSCs-assisted AFG is a safe, feasible, and attractive alternative to conventional and SVF-assisted AFG in the correction of facial atrophy of LoS patients. Future studies with large patient samples are needed for confirmation. (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900025717).
Relationship between Job Demands‐Resources and turnover intention in chronic disease – The example of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lehmann Anja I. , Rodgers Stephanie , Calabrese Pasquale , Kamm Christian P. , Wyl Viktor von , Bauer Georg F 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConsidering the Job Demands‐Resources (JD‐R) model, this study investigated the relation between job demands, job resources and turnover intention among persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) as an example of chronic disease. We hypothesized that job demands and job resources are related to turnover intention, as mediated by work engagement, burnout, and MS‐related work difficulties. Moreover, we assumed that MS‐related work difficulties mediate the relationship between job demands/job resources and burnout and between job resources and work engagement. Using cross‐sectional data (N = 360) of pwMS from the Swiss MS Registry, structural equation modelling was applied. The results confirm the JD‐R model can be related to turnover intention among pwMS. Moreover, MS‐related work difficulties mediated the relationship between job demands and burnout, between job resources and work engagement, and between job resources and burnout. The findings suggest that there may be benefit in applying and adapting the JD‐R model for people with a chronic disease such as MS. This group of people might benefit from the promotion of job resources and a reduction in job demands, leading to changes in work engagement, burnout, and MS‐related work difficulties and thus to an increased likelihood to stay at work.
Functional Interactions Between Bottom‐Up Synthetic Cells and Living Matter for Biomedical Applications
Authors: van Stevendaal Marleen H. M. E. , van Hest Jan C. M. , Mason Alexander F. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBottom‐up synthetic cells, where diverse non‐living materials are combined in creative ways in order to construct increasingly life‐like and adaptive systems, are fast approaching a level of function that will enable significant advances in solving specific biomedical challenges. Over the last 10 years, we have seen a wide variety of synthetic cell based approaches to challenges in regulating antimicrobial activity, delivering cargo to mammalian cells, and “growth support”. Despite this progress, there has not been a widespread uptake of synthetic cell technologies in biomedical engineering. In this Review, we highlight both the strengths and limitations of these existing synthetic cell applications, as well as give an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art of synthetic cell technology that has yet been applied to cellular contexts. In doing so we aim to identify opportunities for the advancement of this unique intersection of research fields.
Habitat Associations of Three Black Bass Species in a Reservoir System
Authors: Miranda L. E. , Lakin Kurt M. , Faucheux Nicky M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe habitat associations of three species of black bass Micropterus spp. were examined in six habitat types (i.e., sediment, gravel, rock, riprap, brush, and aquatic plants) along a cascade of 10 reservoirs in the Tennessee River. We tested whether habitat selection differed among the three species and whether species’ co‐occurrence depended on habitat type. We found that some species occurred in some habitats in proportion to habitat availability (some at higher frequencies and some at frequencies lower than availability) and that juveniles and adults exhibited similar occurrence patterns. Our habitat selection results largely corroborate previous descriptions of black bass habitat associations and generally track preference for lithic habitats, as reported in native streams. We expected the different black bass species to show negative co‐occurrence to avoid competitive interactions. Nevertheless, we found that with few exceptions, adults co‐occurred in habitats mostly as expected by chance and juveniles co‐occurred more often than was expected by chance. Our findings imply that environmental filtering, rather than competitive interactions that dominate in natural environments, may be the dominant mechanism shaping black bass assemblages in reservoirs of the Tennessee River. The observed patterns of habitat selection and co‐occurrence further suggest that the conservation and management of black bass assemblages in reservoirs can be supported through habitat management activities. Protecting and enhancing the remaining lithic habitat in the reservoirs as well as recovering habitat that is blanketed by sediment could provide desirable environments for all black bass species.
Extreme crowding in laying hens during a recurrent smothering outbreak
Authors: Herbert George T. , Redfearn William D. , Brass Elizabeth , Dalton Hillary A. , Gill Roger , Brass David , Smith Cameron , Rayner Ann C. , Asher Lucy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground: Piling, a behaviour where hens crowd together, is referred to as smothering if mortalities result. Smothering is a considerable concern for the egg industry, yet is vastly understudied.Methods: During an outbreak of recurrent smothering, continuous video footage captured a commercial, free‐range flock over 35 days. We describe the piling behaviour observed and potential associations with productivity and flock health indicators.Results: Forty‐eight piles were filmed, with a maximum density of 187.93 birds/m2 and up to 1204 birds in one pile. Piling occurred in the same house location on 33 of 34 observation days, the first evidence of regularity in piling behaviour. Despite extreme bird densities, we did not find associations between piling extremity and productivity but did find associations with water:feed ratio and temperature range.Conclusion: This study describes the most extreme level of piling reported in literature and offers new insights into this problem behaviour and its consequences.
Cardiac auscultation skills in final year veterinary students and recent veterinary graduates, referral hospital veterinary surgeons and veterinary cardiologists or cardiology residents
Authors: Mullowney Deirdre , Fuentes Virginia Luis , Barfield Dominic 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground: Cardiac auscultation is an important part of the physical examination. This study evaluated cardiac auscultation skills in veterinary students and compared their abilities to recent veterinary graduates, referral hospital veterinary surgeons and veterinary cardiologists or cardiology residents. In addition it compared their self‐predicted quiz scores to their actual scores, evaluating if they could accurately predict their own performance level.Methods: A digital recording device was used to record auscultation sounds from 12 different patients with a diagnosis confirmed by a board‐certified veterinary cardiologist. The sound files and associated phonocardiograms were uploaded to a video sharing website. A cloud‐based online multiple‐choice quiz was generated and shared with final year veterinary students, recent veterinary graduates, referral hospital veterinary surgeons and veterinary cardiologists or cardiology residents.Results: There were 128 participants: 51 final year veterinary students, 62 recent veterinary graduates, and 10 referral hospital veterinary surgeons and five veterinary cardiologists or cardiology residents. No difference was found between the cardiac auscultation skills of recent veterinary graduates and final year veterinary students. Veterinary students' self‐predicted scores were lower than actual scores.Conclusions: Recent veterinary graduates did not perform better than final year veterinary students in this study, suggesting that auscultation skills do not continue to improve in the first few years after graduation. Efforts should be made to maximise students' learning in cardiac auscultation skills. Veterinary students show a lack of confidence in cardiac auscultation skills.
Hidden costs and commitments: Leadership, social class, and experiential learning
Authors: Owen Julie E. , Rigaud Shauna , McCarron Graziella Pagliarulo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs leadership can be developed and practiced in multiple on‐ and off‐campus contexts, this chapter offers ways to make experiential opportunities more accessible to poor and working‐class students. Aiding students in leveraging leadership learning experiences they already have through family and community roles are explored.
Master integrals for bipartite cuts of three-loop photon self energy
Authors: Lee R. N. , Onishchenko A. I. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe calculate the master integrals for bipartite cuts of the three-loop propagator QED diagrams. These master integrals determine the spectral density of the photon self energy. Our results are expressed in terms of the iterated integrals, which, apart from the 4mcut (the cut of 4 massive lines), reduce to Goncharov’s polylogarithms. The master integrals for 4mcut have been calculated in our previous paper in terms of the one-fold integrals of harmonic polylogarithms and complete elliptic integrals. We provide the threshold and high-energy asymptotics of the master integrals found, including those for 4mcut.
Evaluation of a standardized instrument for post hoc analysis of trauma-team-activation-criteria in 75,613 injured patients an analysis of the TraumaRegister DGU®
Authors: Bieler Dan , Trentzsch Heiko , Franke Axel , Baacke Markus , Lefering Rolf , Paffrath Thomas , Becker Lars , Düsing Helena , Heindl Björn , Jensen Kai Oliver , Oezkurtul Orkun , Schweigkofler Uwe , Sprengel Kai , Wohlrath Bernd , Waydhas Christian ,   the Committee on Emergency Medicine, Intensive Care and Trauma Management (Sektion NIS) of the German Trauma Society (DGU)
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction
To improve the quality of criteria for trauma-team-activation it is necessary to identify patients who benefited from the treatment by a trauma team. Therefore, we evaluated a post hoc criteria catalogue for trauma-team-activation which was developed in a consensus process by an expert group and published recently.
The objective was to examine whether the catalogue can identify patients that died after admission to the hospital and therefore can benefit from a specialized trauma team mostly.

Materials and methods
The catalogue was applied to the data of 75,613 patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® between the 01/2007 and 12/2016 with a maximum abbreviated injury score (AIS) severity ≥ 2. The endpoint was hospital mortality, which was defined as death before discharge from acute care.

Results
The TraumaRegister DGU® dataset contains 18 of the 20 proposed criteria within the catalogue which identified 99.6% of the patients who were admitted to the trauma room following an accident and who died during their hospital stay. Moreover, our analysis showed that at least one criterion was fulfilled in 59,785 cases (79.1%). The average ISS in this group was 21.2 points (SD 9.9). None of the examined criteria applied to 15,828 cases (average ISS 8.6; SD 5). The number of consensus-based criteria correlated with the severity of injury and mortality. Of all deceased patients (8,451), only 31 (0.37%) could not be identified on the basis of the 18 examined criteria. Where only one criterion was fulfilled, mortality was 1.7%; with 2 or more criteria, mortality was at least 4.6%.

Discussion
The consensus-based criteria identified nearly all patients who died as a result of their injuries. If only one criterion was fulfilled, mortality was relatively low. However, it increased to almost 5% if two criteria were fulfilled. Further studies are necessary to analyse and examine the relative weighting of the various criteria.

Summary
Our instrument is capable to identify severely injured patients with increased in-hospital mortality and injury severity. However, a minimum of two criteria needs to be fulfilled. Based on these findings, we conclude that the criteria list is useful for post hoc analysis of the quality of field triage in patients with severe injury.
266 Fuzzy front-end studies: current state and future directions for new product development
Authors: Park Dongmyung , Han Ji , Childs Peter R. N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract266 fuzzy front-end (FFE) studies in the new product development (NPD) sector were examined. The studies were selected using a bibliometrics method, and chronologically and statistically examined with ten criteria divided into two dimensions. The first dimension is associated with overall attributes of the FFE, consisting of six criteria: the study taxonomy, model type, NPD speed, NPD attributes, model characteristic, and model structure. The second dimension is relevant to the FFE performance structure related to process parameters, comprised of four criteria: the FFE task, activity, performance method, and toolkit. In terms of those two dimensions, the paper looks at previous FFE studies to gain an understanding of features of each FFE study along with related knowledge and theories, as well as identification of evolution trends of FFE studies. Based on the identification, an FFE model development strategy for each criterion is formulated, and this paper proposes possible options for executing those strategies which exert influence on the form of the cluster network. The intention is for the database to be utilised as an overview of all existing FFE studies and allow specific FFE studies to be selected to examine FFE approaches.This paper provides FFE model development guidance on how to deal with the overall attributes and outcomes of the FFE which affect the entirety of the innovation process, and how to manage the performance structure related to process parameters.
Contribution of GRAV-D airborne gravity to improvement of regional gravimetric geoid modelling in Colorado, USA
Authors: Varga Matej , Pitoňák Martin , Novák Pavel , Bašić Tomislav 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the contribution of airborne gravity data to improvement of gravimetric geoid modelling across the mountainous area in Colorado, USA. First, airborne gravity data was processed, filtered, and downward-continued. Then, three gravity anomaly grids were prepared; the first grid only from the terrestrial gravity data, the second grid only from the downward-continued airborne gravity data, and the third grid from combined downward-continued airborne and terrestrial gravity data. Gravimetric geoid models with the three gravity anomaly grids were determined using the least-squares modification of Stokes’ formula with additive corrections (LSMSA) method. The absolute and relative accuracy of the computed gravimetric geoid models was estimated on GNSS/levelling points. Results exhibit the accuracy improved by 1.1 cm or 20% in terms of standard deviation when airborne and terrestrial gravity data was used for geoid computation, compared to the geoid model computed only from terrestrial gravity data. Finally, the spectral analysis of surface gravity anomaly grids and geoid models was performed, which provided insights into specific wavelength bands in which airborne gravity data contributed and improved the power spectrum.
Duration of response after DEB-TACE compared to lipiodol-TACE in HCC-naïve patients: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Bargellini Irene , Lorenzoni Valentina , Lorenzoni Giulia , Scalise Paola , Andreozzi Gianni , Bozzi Elena , Giorgi Luigi , Cervelli Rosa , Scandiffio Rossella , Perrone Orsola , Meccia Donato Vito , Boccuzzi Antonio , Daviddi Francesco , Cicorelli Antonio , Lunardi Alessandro , Crocetti Laura , Turchetti Giuseppe , Cioni Roberto 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To retrospectively compare long-term outcomes of first-line drug-eluting particle (DEB)- transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and lipiodol-TACE, in patients with unresectable hepatocellular (HCC).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed our database to identify adult patients with treatment-naïve unresectable HCC, who underwent TACE from 2006 to 2013. Patients were excluded in the absence of complete medical records relative to first TACE, 1-month follow-up, and/or sufficient follow-up data. Periprocedural complications, duration of hospitalization, 1-month tumor response by mRECIST, time to tumor progression (TTP) and target tumor progression (TTTP), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.

Results
Out of an initial series of 656 patients, 329 patients were excluded for unavailability of sufficient baseline and/or follow-up data. The remaining 327 patients underwent either lipiodol-TACE (n = 160) or DEB-TACE (n = 167). Patients treated with lipiodol-TACE had a significantly higher tumor burden. By propensity score, patients were matched according to baseline differences (BCLC stage, uninodular or multinodular HCC, and unilobar or bilobar HCC), resulting in 101 patients in each treatment group. Lipiodol-TACE was associated with a significantly higher incidence of adverse events (p = 0.03), and longer hospitalization (mean, 2.5 days vs 1.9 days; p = 0.03), while tumor response, TTP, and OS were comparable. In patients achieving 1-month complete response (CR) of target tumor, TTTP was significantly (p = 0.009) longer after DEB-TACE compared to lipiodol-TACE (median, 835 vs 353 days), resulting in a lower number of re-treatments during the entire follow-up (0.75 vs 1.6, p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Compared to lipiodol-TACE, DEB-TACE offers higher tolerability, reduced hospitalization, and more durable target tumor response after CR.

Key Points
• Compared to lipiodol-TACE, DEB-TACE is better tolerated and has reduced side effects, which translates into shorter hospitalization.
• When complete radiological response according to the mRECIST is obtained 1 month after the procedure, DEB-TACE offers a more durable local tumor control compared to lipiodol-TACE.
• In these patients, the longer duration of response after DEB-TACE translates into a lower number of re-interventions.