bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIVA versus Inhalational Agents for Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care
Authors: Kashav Ramesh Chand , Kohli Jasvinder Kaur , Magoon Rohan ,   ItiShri
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe field of pediatric intensive care has come a long way, especially with the recognition that adequate sedation and analgesia form an imperative cornerstone of patient management. With various drugs available for the same, the debate continues as to which is the better: total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or inhalational agents. While each have their own advantages and disadvantages, in the present era of balance toward the IV agents, we should not forget the edge our volatile agents (VAs) might have in special scenarios. And ultimately as anesthesiologists, let us not forget that be it knob and dial, or syringe and plunger, our aim is to put pain to sleep and awaken a new faith to breathe.
Immature Platelet Fraction and COVID-19: Maturing prognostic links!
Authors: Jose Jes , Magoon Rohan , Makhija Neeti 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrompted by the combination of an ever-evolving comprehension of the platelet activation as a pivotal perpetuator of an ongoing systemic inflammatory process and an encouraging literature on the prognostic role of immature platelet fraction (IPF) in septic and prothrombotic settings, we present an elaborated account of the possible prognostic links between IPF and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Large Right Atrial Myxoma Masquerading as Malignancy
Authors: V. Bharath , Hote Milind Padmakar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA 57-year-old female presented to emergency with features of right heart failure. On evaluation, she was found to have a large mass occupying right atrium (RA) completely and protruding into right ventricle through tricuspid valve. Intraoperatively, mass was seen arising from RA free wall with stony hard consistency. Histopathology revealed it to be myxoma. We present this case for the rare presentation of myxoma masquerading as malignancy.
A 90 nm-CMOS broadband receiver with 10 dB conversion gain and 15 dB noise figure in 80–110 GHz suitable for multi-pixel imaging arrays
Authors: Chu-Chen Hsuan , Hsieh Kuan-Han , Hu Robert 
Published: August 2021

This paper describes the latest development of a W-band 90 nm-CMOS receiver chip that is suitable for use in radio-astronomical multi-pixel imaging arrays and other broadband scientific instruments. This circuit includes an RF-low-noise amplifier (LNA), mixer, intermediate-frequency amplifier (IF-Amp), local-oscillator (LO) tripler, and driving amplifier. With a tripler integrated into the circuit, the incoming 80–110 GHz spectrum can be directly down-converted to 2–32 GHz by the applied 26 GHz LO signal. The system architecture will be presented, with the corresponding sub-circuits discussed in detail. In the on-wafer measurement at room temperature, this receiver has around 10 dB gain and 15 dB noise figure across the whole frequency range, with 400 mW power dissipation under 1.8 V DC bias. By adding a compound-semiconductor LNA in front of this CMOS receiver chip, compact low-noise receiver modules can be easily constructed and deployed.
The chromatin-binding domain of Ki-67 together with p53 protects human chromosomes from mitotic damage
Authors: Garwain Osama , Sun Xiaoming , Iyer Divya Ramalingam , Li Rui , Zhu Lihua Julie , Kaufman Paul D. 
Published: August 2021

SignificanceKi-67 is a clinically important tumor proliferation marker protein. Ki-67 contributes to the three-dimensional organization of heterochromatin during interphase of the cell cycle, and also coats and shapes condensed chromosomes during mitosis. Here, we show that acute depletion of Ki-67 in human cells causes DNA damage as cells traverse mitosis. When the tumor suppressor protein p53 is codepleted with Ki-67, multiple hallmarks of genome instability arise, including anaphase chromosome bridges, followed by the appearance of micronuclei. The C-terminal chromatin-binding domain of Ki-67 is sufficient for resistance to this damage. These studies uncover a factor for genome maintenance and identify a protective protein domain.
A squalene–hopene cyclase inSchizosaccharomyces japonicusrepresents a eukaryotic adaptation to sterol-limited anaerobic environments
Authors: Bouwknegt Jonna , Wiersma Sanne J. , Ortiz-Merino Raúl A. , Doornenbal Eline S. R. , Buitenhuis Petrik , Giera Martin , Müller Christoph , Pronk Jack T. 
Published: August 2021

SignificanceBiosynthesis of sterols requires oxygen. This study identifies a previously unknown evolutionary adaptation in a eukaryote, which enables anaerobic growth in absence of exogenous sterols. A squalene–hopene cyclase, proposed to have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer from an acetic acid bacterium, is implicated in a unique ability of the yeastSchizosaccharomyces japonicusto synthesize hopanoids and grow in anaerobic, sterol-free media. Expression of this cyclase inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeconfirmed that at least one of its hopanoid products acts as sterol surrogate. These observations provide leads for research into the structure and function of eukaryotic membranes and into the development of sterol-independent yeast cell factories for application in anaerobic processes.
Designing artificial two-dimensional landscapes via atomic-layer substitution
Authors: Guo Yunfan , Lin Yuxuan , Xie Kaichen , Yuan Biao , Zhu Jiadi , Shen Pin-Chun , Lu Ang-Yu , Su Cong , Shi Enzheng , Zhang Kunyan , HuangFu Changan , Xu Haowei , Cai Zhengyang , Park Ji-Hoon , Ji Qingqing , Wang Jiangtao , Dai Xiaochuan , Tian Xuezeng , Huang Shengxi , Dou Letian , Jiao Liying , Li Ju , Yu Yi , Idrobo Juan-Carlos , Cao Ting , Palacios Tomás , Kong Jing 
Published: August 2021

SignificanceManipulating materials with atomic-scale precision is essential for the development of a next-generation material design toolbox. Tremendous efforts have been made to advance the compositional, structural, and spatial accuracy of material deposition and patterning. Here, we presented a new reaction pathway to implement the conversions of two-dimensional materials within the atomic-layer thickness at room temperature for electrical dipole manipulation. Not only could various Janus monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides with vertical dipole be realized, but also some heterostructures, including the dipole-nondipole heterostructures (MoS2-MoSSe) and multiheterostructures (MoS2-MoSSe-MoSeS-MoSe2) within the same monolayer host structure are developed, in which the dipoles can be selectively patterned to be zero (MoS2, MoSe2), positive (MoSSe), and negative (MoSeS).
The Medusa effect reveals levels of mind perception in pictures
Authors: Will Paris , Merritt Elle , Jenkins Rob , Kingstone Alan 
Published: August 2021

SignificanceDifferential treatment of animate and inanimate objects often hinges on mind perception—the attribution of mental states to others. It has already been established that pictures of animate objects can elicit mind perception, albeit at reduced intensity. However, this loss of intensity is assumed to reflect an impoverishment of a rich stimulus, such as the projection of a living being into a static picture plane. The current study overturns this assumption by showing that “pure” abstraction can reduce mind perception independent of stimulus richness. Depicting things with minds raises ethical questions that have not been recognized previously. As these questions emerge from representational structure rather than representational content, they are unlikely to be quashed by improvements in image quality.
Weakly coupled local particle detectors cannot harvest entanglement
Authors: Ruep Maximilian H 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Many states of linear real scalar quantum fields (in particular Reeh–Schlieder states) on flat as well as curved spacetime are entangled on spacelike separated local algebras of observables. It has been argued that this entanglement can be ‘harvested’ by a pair of so-called particle detectors, for example singularly or non-locally coupled quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator Unruh detectors. In an attempt to avoid such imperfect coupling, we analyse a model-independent local and covariant entanglement harvesting protocol based on the local probes of a recently proposed measurement theory of quantum fields. We then introduce the notion of a local particle detector concretely given by a local mode of a linear real scalar probe field on possibly curved spacetime and possibly under the influence of external fields. In a non-perturbative analysis we find that local particle detectors cannot harvest entanglement below a critical coupling strength when the corresponding probe fields are initially prepared in quasi-free Reeh–Schlieder states and are coupled to a system field prepared in a quasi-free state. This is a consequence of the fact that Reeh–Schlieder states restrict to truly mixed states on any local mode.
Nanoliposomes co-encapsulating Ce6 and SB3CT against the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma with the integration of photodynamic therapy and NKG2D-related immunotherapy on A375 cells
Authors: Liu Huifang , Yao Cuiping , Zhang Luwei , Xin Jing , Zhang Zhenxi , Wang Sijia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose. To overcome the insufficiency of conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating metastatic melanoma, the combination of smart nanoparticles and PDT with immunotherapy was used to achieve a higher efficiency by accumulating more photosensitizers in tumor areas and triggering stronger immune responses against tumors after PDT. Methods. In this study, we designed a nanoliposome co-encapsulation of chlorin E6 (Ce6) and SB-3CT to realize significant antitumoral proliferation and metastasis efficacy after laser irradiation in A375 cells. The morphology, size distribution, and loading efficiency of Ce6–SB3CT@Liposome (Lip-SC) were characterized. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cytotoxicity were evaluated in A375 cells, and the mechanisms of natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing were assessed. Results. Lip-SC showed good stability and was well-dispersed with a diameter of approximately 140 nm in phosphate-buffered saline. The nanoliposomes could accumulate in tumor areas and induce apoptosis in cancer cells upon 660 nm light irradiation, which could trigger an immune response and induce the expression of NK group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands. The subsequently released SB-3CT could further activate NK cells effectively and strengthen the immune system by inhibiting the shedding of soluble NKG2D ligands. Discussion. Taken together, the synergistic effects of SB-3CT on nanoliposomes for Ce6-mediated PDT were analyzed in detail to provide a new platform for future anti-melanoma treatment.
A multichannel feature-based approach for longitudinal lung CT registration in the presence of radiation induced lung damage
Authors: Stavropoulou A , Szmul A , Chandy E , Veiga C , Landau D , McClelland J R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Quantifying parenchymal tissue changes in the lungs is imperative in furthering the study of radiation induced lung damage (RILD). Registering lung images from different time-points is a key step of this process. Traditional intensity-based registration approaches fail this task due to the considerable anatomical changes that occur between timepoints. This work proposes a novel method to successfully register longitudinal pre- and post-radiotherapy (RT) lung computed tomography (CT) scans that exhibit large changes due to RILD, by extracting consistent anatomical features from CT (lung boundaries, main airways, vessels) and using these features to optimise the registrations. Pre-RT and 12 month post-RT CT pairs from fifteen lung cancer patients were used for this study, all with varying degrees of RILD, ranging from mild parenchymal change to extensive consolidation and collapse. For each CT, signed distance transforms from segmentations of the lungs and main airways were generated, and the Frangi vesselness map was calculated. These were concatenated into multi-channel images and diffeomorphic multichannel registration was performed for each image pair using NiftyReg. Traditional intensity-based registrations were also performed for comparison purposes. For the evaluation, the pre- and post-registration landmark distance was calculated for all patients, using an average of 44 manually identified landmark pairs per patient. The mean (standard deviation) distance for all datasets decreased from 15.95 (8.09) mm pre-registration to 4.56 (5.70) mm post-registration, compared to 7.90 (8.97) mm for the intensity-based registrations. Qualitative improvements in image alignment were observed for all patient datasets. For four representative subjects, registrations were performed for three additional follow-up timepoints up to 48 months post-RT and similar accuracy was achieved. We have demonstrated that our novel multichannel registration method can successfully align longitudinal scans from RILD patients in the presence of large anatomical changes such as consolidation and atelectasis, outperforming the traditional registration approach both quantitatively and through thorough visual inspection.
Deep learning multimodal fNIRS and EEG signals for bimanual grip force decoding
Authors: Ortega Pablo , Faisal A Aldo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective. Non-invasive brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) offer an alternative, safe and accessible way to interact with the environment. To enable meaningful and stable physical interactions, BMIs need to decode forces. Although previously addressed in the unimanual case, controlling forces from both hands would enable BMI-users to perform a greater range of interactions. We here investigate the decoding of hand-specific forces. Approach. We maximise cortical information by using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and developing a deep-learning architecture with attention and residual layers (cnnatt) to improve their fusion. Our task required participants to generate hand-specific force profiles on which we trained and tested our deep-learning and linear decoders. Main results. The use of EEG and fNIRS improved the decoding of bimanual force and the deep-learning models outperformed the linear model. In both cases, the greatest gain in performance was due to the detection of force generation. In particular, the detection of forces was hand-specific and better for the right dominant hand and cnnatt was better at fusing EEG and fNIRS. Consequently, the study of cnnatt revealed that forces from each hand were differently encoded at the cortical level. Cnnatt also revealed traces of the cortical activity being modulated by the level of force which was not previously found using linear models. Significance. Our results can be applied to avoid hand-cross talk during hand force decoding to improve the robustness of BMI robotic devices. In particular, we improve the fusion of EEG and fNIRS signals and offer hand-specific interpretability of the encoded forces which are valuable during motor rehabilitation assessment.
Ferroelectric semiconductor junctions based on graphene/In2Se3/graphene van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Xie Shihong , Dey Anubhab , Yan Wenjing , Kudrynskyi Zakhar R , Balakrishnan Nilanthy , Makarovsky Oleg , Kovalyuk Zakhar D , Castanon Eli G , Kolosov Oleg , Wang Kaiyou , Patanè Amalia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The miniaturization of ferroelectric devices offers prospects for non-volatile memories, low-power electrical switches and emerging technologies beyond existing Si-based integrated circuits. An emerging class of ferroelectrics is based on van der Waals (vdW) two-dimensional materials with potential for nano-ferroelectrics. Here, we report on ferroelectric semiconductor junctions (FSJs) in which the ferroelectric vdW semiconductor α-In2Se3 is embedded between two single-layer graphene electrodes. In these two-terminal devices, the ferroelectric polarization of the nanometre-thick In2Se3 layer modulates the transmission of electrons across the graphene/In2Se3 interface, leading to memristive effects that are controlled by applied voltages and/or by light. The underlying mechanisms of conduction are examined over a range of temperatures and under light excitation revealing thermionic injection, tunnelling and trap-assisted transport. These findings are relevant to future developments of FSJs whose geometry is well suited to miniaturization and low-power electronics, offering opportunities to expand functionalities of ferroelectrics by design of the vdW heterostructure.
Preparation of high temperature sensible heat storage materials from reduced vanadium tailings and graphite
Authors: Piao Rongxun , Li Xuan , Zhao Peng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The experimental study on the preparation of high temperature (>500 °C) sensible heat storage materials (SHS) was conducted through the means of sintering method, in which vanadium tailings after carbothermic reduction used as the main matrix, graphite as the thermal conductivity modifier, and clay as the auxiliary material. The phase analysis by XRD shows that the main phases of the SHS materials without clay addition are aluminosilicate, sodium aluminoslicate, ilmenite and graphite, while additional phases of quartz and carbonate were observed if clay is added. With the graphite addition ranging from 0 to 15%, the density and hardness of the SHS materials without clay addition generally shows decreasing tendency while both properties behave increasing first and then decreasing in the SHS materials with clay addition. In addition, with increase of graphite, thermal conductivity of material without adding clay gradually increases in a range of 0.54 ∼ 1.54 W·m−1·K−1, while thermal conductivity of materials with adding clay remains unchanged first and then increases in the range of 0.754 ∼ 1.922 W·m−1·K−1.Thermal analysis shows that when the graphite content is 3 ∼ 5%, both SHS materials without or with clay have moderate specific heat capacity and high thermal capacity (>1.2 MJ m−3·K) at temperate above 500 °C, and high heat storage density (>200 kJ kg−1) in the temperature range of 500 °C ∼ 750 °C, indicating SHS materials prepared in this study can be considered for application in high temperature storage system.
Ce and Fe doped LaNiO3 synthesized by micro-emulsion route: Effect of doping on visible light absorption for photocatalytic application
Authors: Ghafoor Aamir , Bibi Ismat , Majid Farzana , Kamal Shagufta , Ata Sadia , Nazar Nosheen , Iqbal Munawar , Raza Muhammad A S , Almoneef Maha M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A series of La1−xCexNi1−yFeyO3 (x, y = 0.00–0.25) NPs was fabricated via micro-emulsion route and effect of doping was investigated on the basis of optical, photocatalytic and structural properties. The as-synthesized NPs were characterized via XRD, Raman analysis, SEM and UV–visible techniques. The XRD results confirmed the rhombohedral perovskite phase particles with particles of 60–80 nm range. UV–vis absorption edge showed significant red shift thereby tuning the band gap from 2.77 to 2.64 eV. The photocatalytic effectiveness of LaNiO3 and La0.80Ce0.20Ni0.80Fe0.20O3 catalysts was performed by degrading Congo red (CR) dye under visible light exposure. Substituted catalyst exhibited superior photodegradation by showing 97% degradation in comparison to pristine LaNiO3 (63% only) in 120 min. Degradation of CR followed the pseudo fist order kinetics. In addition, the catalyst dose effect, dye concentration and pH variation was studied for Cr dye degradation. Enhanced photocatalytic activity and narrow bandgap of Ce and Fe doped LaNiO3 introduce such materials as efficient visible active photocatalysts to be utilized in dye removal application from waste water and in photovoltaic applications, respectively.
Effects of surface activation time on Si-Si direct wafer bonding at room temperature
Authors: Yang Song , Qu Yongfeng , Deng Ningkang , Wang Kang , He Shi , Yuan Yuan , Hu Wenbo , Wu Shengli , Wang Hongxing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Surface activated bonding (SAB) based on argon ion beam irradiation was used to directly bond Si and Si wafers at room temperature, and the effects of the surface activation time on the Si-Si bonding were investigated. The experimental results show that the surface activation treatment with a proper duration is beneficial to the reduction of surface roughness of Si wafers and the realization of high bonding strength. The Si-Si wafers bonded after the surface activation of 420 s has an extremely low percentage of area covered by voids (0.08%) and a high bonding strength (9.45 MPa). Meanwhile, the annealing at 500 °C does not lead to a significant change in the percentage of area covered by voids for Si-Si bonding. Besides, the transmission electron microscope characterization indicates that the argon ion beam irradiation of 180 s can result in the formation of an amorphous Si layer with a thickness of approximately 10.6 nm at the Si-Si bonding interface, and the whole cross-section structure of the Si-Si bonding consists of a Si substrate, an amorphous Si layer and a Si substrate.
Sunscreens With High Versus Low Sun Protection Factor and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Lergenmuller Simon , Ghiasvand Reza , Robsahm Trude E , Green Adele C , Lund Eiliv , Rueegg Corina S , Veierød Marit B 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Evidence on sunscreen use and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) risk is limited. Most studies have not taken sun protection factor (SPF) into consideration and used nonusers of sunscreen as the reference group. Nonusers are likely a priori at lower cSCC risk than users. No study has investigated the effect of high- versus low-SPF sunscreens on cSCC, appropriately adjusting for time-varying confounding. Using data from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (1991–2016), we investigated whether use of SPF ≥15 versus SPF &lt;15 sunscreens reduces cSCC risk. We used a marginal structural Cox proportional hazards model with inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During follow-up of 148,781 women (mean follow-up, 14.3 years), 653 women were diagnosed with cSCC. The effect on cSCC risk of sunscreens with SPF ≥15 versus SPF &lt;15 was close to the null when used at any latitudes (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.27) and when used in lower-latitude settings (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.32). In conclusion, we found no indication that sunscreens with SPF ≥15 reduced Norwegian women’s cSCC risk more than sunscreens with SPF &lt;15, suggesting that either there is no difference in their effects long-term or the difference is diluted by incorrect application.