bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Understanding of Energy Storage in Supercapacitors with Porous Graphyne Electrodes: From Semiconductor to Conductor
Authors: Mo Tangming , Wang Zhenxiang , Zeng Liang , Chen Ming , Zhao Yong-Qing , Feng Guang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) porous materials with high specific surface area and ordered morphology exhibit great potential as supercapacitor electrodes. The fundamental understanding of the charge storage and charging dynamics of 2D porous materials can help the optimal design of supercapacitors. Herein, we investigated the energy storage, including the double layer and quantum capacitances, of supercapacitors with typical 2D porous graphynes in the ionic liquid electrolyte by combining molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory. Simulations revealed that supercapacitors with porous graphyne electrodes could obtain excellent double-layer capacitances, but their total capacitances are limited by the low quantum capacitances. We further predicted boron-/nitrogen-doped graphynes and found that the new porous graphynes turn into good conductors after doping and could achieve a quite high quantum capacitance. The charging dynamics in nanoscale and capacitive performance in macroscale based on the predicted graphyne electrodes were evaluated by combining molecular simulation and transmission line model. Results demonstrate that both outstanding gravimetric and volumetric energy and power densities could be obtained in doped porous graphyne supercapacitors. These findings pave the way for understanding energy storage mechanisms and designing high-performance supercapacitors.
Recent invasion and eradication of two members of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from tropical greenhouses in Europe
Authors: Schuler Hannes , Witkowski Radosław , de Vossenberg Bart van , Hoppe Björn , Mittelbach Moritz , Bukovinszki Tibor , Schwembacher Stefan , de Meulengraaf Bas van , Lange Uwe , Rode Sabine , Andriolo Alessandro , Bełka Marta , Mazur Andrzej , Battisti Andrea 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ambrosia beetles of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex are emerging tree pests with a broad host range including important agricultural crops. Native to Southeast Asia, these species were introduced into various countries, where they cause considerable damage to many tree species. Here we report several outbreaks of E. fornicatus s.l. in Europe. The first individuals were found in 2017 in a palm house of a botanical garden in Poznan (Poland) whereas in 2020 an outbreak was detected in a tropical greenhouse in Merano (Italy). In 2021, two additional outbreaks were detected in two greenhouses in Germany, in Erfurt and Berlin. For the latter cases it was possible to trace back the invasion to a distributor of exotic plants in the Netherlands where several infected plants were detected. Molecular analysis show that individuals from Poland and Italy are genetically identical but belong to a different mitochondrial clade than individuals in Germany which are identical to most individuals of two greenhouses in the Netherlands. Moreover, in the two greenhouses in the Netherlands we found beetles that belong to another haplotype of E. fornicatus and two haplotypes of E. perbrevis , a species in the E. fornicatus complex, which has not been previously intercepted in Europe. Our study provides novel insights into the invasion history of E. fornicatus and the first eradication measures in Europe. Considering the high potential of introduction and establishment of Euwallacea ambrosia beetles, particular attention should be paid to monitor the presence of these pests in greenhouses across Europe.
Comparison of Mean Systemic Pressure in Patients with Acute Circulatory Failure Receiving Passive Leg Raising vs. Pneumatic Leg Compression.
Authors: BOONTOTERM PANU , WACHARASINT PETCH , FUENGFOO PUSIT 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Driving pressure of venous return (VR) is determined by mean systemic pressure (Pms) and central venous pressure (CVP). While passive leg raising (PLR) and pneumatic leg compression PC (PC) can increase VR, there is no study explore the effects of these two procedures on Pms and VR-related hemodynamic variables.Methods: Forty patients with acute circulatory failure were included in this analysis. All patients were performed both PLR and PC, and were measured for Pms, CVP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), VR resistance (RVR), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) at baseline and immediately after procedures. To minimized carry-on effect, the patients were divided into 2 groups based on procedure sequence which were 1) the patients who received PLR first then PC (PLR-first), and 2) the patients who received PC first then PLR (PC-first). Both groups were waited for washing period before performed 2nd procedure. Primary outcome was difference in Pms between PLR and PC procedure. Secondary outcome were differences in CVP, MAP, CO, RVR, and SVR between PLR and PC procedure.Results: There was no difference in baseline characteristics and no carry-on effect between 2 groups of patients. Compared to baseline, both PLR and PC significantly increased Pms, CVP, MAP, and CO. Compared to PC, PLR more increased Pms (9.0±2.3 vs 4.8±1.7 mmHg, p<0.001), CVP (4.5±1.2 vs. 1.6±0.7 mmHg, p<0.001), MAP (22.5±5.6 vs. 14.4±5.0 mmHg, p<0.001), and CO (1.5±0.5 vs. 0.5±0.2 L/min, p<0.001). PC, but not PLR also significantly increased RVR (16 ± 27.2 dyn.s/cm5, p=0.001) and SVR (78.4 ± 7.2 dyn.s/cm5, p<0.001) .Conclusion: In patients with acute circulatory failure, PLR more increased Pms, CVP, MAP, and CO than PC.
Low-Coverage Whole Genome Sequencing Diagnoses Endometrial Carcinoma from Tampon DNA of Uterine Bleeding Patients
Authors: qiu haifeng , zhang lei , li jing , cao tingting , feng yun , zhang ying , qian ziliang , guo ruixia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a disease predominantly affecting postmenopausal women. It accounts for about 5% of abnormal uterine bleeding. It is still challenging to diagnose cancers from uterine bleeding patients. Previously, chromosome aberrations were found to be frequent in EC. Here we employed a low coverage whole genome sequencing technology to investigate chromosome aberrations in tampon-collected DNA of patients with suspicious EC.
Methods

Thirty ECs and 14 benign cases with abnormal bleeding are prospectively recruited. Tampons were used to collect exfoliated cells and DNA extracted from these exfoliated cells was analyzed by a customized bioinformatics workflow, uterine exfoliated cell chromosomal aneuploidy detector (UterCAD).
Results

As our data shown, frequent chromosome copy number variations (CNV) were found in EC patients as compared to non-tumor controls, especially the chromosome 8q gain and 10q gain. Using UterCAD, CNVs were detected in tampon-derived DNA from 83.3% (25/30) EC, which were 80.8% (21/26) EECs and 100% (4/4) USCs. In EEC group, CNVs were found in 81.3% (13/16), 85.7% (6/7), and 66.7% (2/3) patients of stage IA, IB, and II/III, respectively. Moreover, all the 4 USC patients presented significant CNVs.
Conclusions

UterCAD could be a highly specific, robust uterine cancer diagnosis method, with an especially high sensitivity for the more aggressive subtype - serous carcinoma. It may be used as a non-invasive approach for diagnosis and active surveillance in endometrial cancer prior to the use of biopsy, thereby largely reducing the treatment burden on patients.
An Efficient Data Science Technique for IoT Assisted Healthcare Monitoring System using Cloud Computing
Authors: Karthikeyan L. , Arumugam Samydurai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this era of smart healthcare system, patient expects better healthcare support with low cost which satisfy through the innovative process such as internet of things (IoT), cloud computing and data science techniques. Meantime, the healthcare industry faces many problems including the data collection and storage for further progress. For healthcare monitoring system, the data collection and data analytics plays important role to screening the patient health. Therefore, data science techniques and cloud computing are heart for the healthcare system to resists several problems in terms of technical aspects. For further enhancement, efficient data science technique is proposed for IoT assisted healthcare monitoring (DST-HM) system using cloud computing, which improves the data processing efficiency, data accessibility in cloud. The several IoT sensors are used in a personcorpseto collect the real clinical data. The composed data are then maintained in cloud for added data science processing. In DST-HM system, we first introduce a modified data science technique i.e. improved pigeon optimization (IPO) algorithm for grouping the cloud stored data which enhances the prediction rate. Second, we illustrate the optimal feature selection technique for feature extraction and selection. Then, a backtracking search based deep neural network (BS-DNN) is used to classify the healthcare of human. Finally, the performance of proposed system is analyzed through different real-time healthcare dataset and the consequences are comparing with the existing state-of-art healthcare monitoring systems.
Direct observation of the Mottness and p-d orbital hybridization in epitaxial monolayer α-RuCl3
Authors: Wang Zhongjie , Liu Lu , Zheng Haoran , Zhao Meng , Yang Ke , Wang Chunzheng , Yang Fang , Wu Hua , Gao Chun-Lei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
α-RuCl3, with abundant studies in its bulk phase, has shown the promising potential to approach the two-dimensional Kitaev honeycomb model and to realize the consequential quantum spin liquids. In this material, some ingredients spark off the hunting of quantum spin liquid states: the localized magnetic moments on each Ru3+ ion guaranteed by the Mottness, the Kitaev-type interaction originating from the superexchange path over the p-d bonds, and the nearly two-dimensional nature of the van der Waals coupled honeycomb layers. Here, we worked out the growth art of α-RuCl3 monolayer on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite substrate for the first time, and then studied its electronic structure, particularly the delicate orbital occupations. Through scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study, the bonding configurations are justified by the features of pronounced t2g-pπ and eg-pσ hybridization, and the Mott nature is unveiled by an ~ 0.6 eV full gap at the Fermi level located in the t2g-pπ level. Our experimental results agree well with the density functional theory calculations of the monolayer system. In accordance with previous theoretical research, the epitaxial monolayer α-RuCl3 system holds high tunability comparing to its bulk phase and provides a novel platform to explore the Kitaev physics.
Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Immune Cells in Dilated Cardiomyopathy via Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Authors: Deng Jielin , Jiang Yunqiu , Deng Changjin , jiang hong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common cardiomyopathy which account for a majority of heart failure. Although massive clinic experiments and gene profiling analyses on DCM have been conducted, the molecular mechanism of DCM associated with immune cells has not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to discover the immune mechanism of DCM using integrative bioinformatics analysis and provide new insights into the pathophysiology of DCM. Methods: The GSE29819 dataset was downloaded, and Cibersort was applied to estimate the relative expression of 22 kinds of immune cells based on 14 samples of 7 DCM patients. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to cluster the 2500 genes with the highest average expression into different modules and explore relationships between modules and immune cell types. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on key genes in significant modules identified by WGCNA and Cibersort. Key genes were then applied to Cytoscape to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on DCM and normal controls in GSE29819 through R language. Hub genes were selected based on the DEGs and the genes identified by PPI and then verified via public GEO databases. Results: The yellow and tan modules with 163 genes were identified as the key modules based on top 2500 DCM microarrays, significantly correlated with M1 and M2 macrophages. The intersection of newly screened 17 genes based on 163 key genes through Cytoscape and 2682 DEGs were defined as hub genes including CCT2, CCL2, and TXN. The results were finally verified via GSE116250 datasets.Conclusions: The three hub genes associated with two immune cells identified by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis may play crucial roles in the pathophysiological mechanism of DCM, which provided potential immunological therapeutic targets and new insights into the treatment of DCM.
A Novel Tool for Quantitative Assessment of Lower Limb Proprioception: Demonstration with Young Adults, Elderly and Stroke Survivors
Authors: Mikhaylov Asya , Koren Yogev , Bar-Haim Simona , Nisky Ilana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundStroke and ageing are common causes for proprioceptive impairments. Such impairments may contribute to disabilities in daily living activities, such as walking. Yet, current rehabilitation methods mainly focus on motor disabilities, and often neglect somatosensory impairments. Moreover, clinical methods for proprioception assessment of both the upper and lower limb are subjective and suffer from inconsistency between evaluators, and the majority of the research in quantitative assessment of proprioception focuses on the upper limb. To address these gaps, we present a novel tool for quantitative assessment of proprioception of the lower limb.MethodsWe developed a tool that consists of a magnetic tracking system with magnetic sensors placed on the participants’ toes while the participants were laying on their side. We designed an assessment protocol that includes contralateral position matching tests and ipsilateral position matching tests, and applied them to both lower limbs (N: non-dominant and D: dominant). We validated the tool on three groups of participants: young adults (n=18), elderly (n=8), and stroke survivors (n=5) by comparing the results of the mean absolute error (MAE), bias and the mean variable error (MVE).ResultsWe evaluated the effect of group type, proprioceptive input, task type and their interactions. We compared between young adults and elderly with statistical analysis, and demonstrated the results of the stroke survivors. We found significant differences in MAE and bias between the elderly and young adults in the contralateral tasks, particularly once spatial information is transmitted from the N limb to the D limb, indicating that the ability to transit spatial information contralaterally becomes more challenging with age. The bias also indicated that the contralateral task is more challenging with the groups, independently. ConclusionsUsing contralateral position matching may be an effective way to identify potential somatosensory impairments. In order to avoid a long and unnecessary assessment, we suggested using contralateral position matching as a screening phase in identifying lower limb proprioceptive impairments, followed by ipsilateral position matching only for individuals with impaired results for identifying possible confounds from motor and cognitive impairments.
X-ray Version of Davisson-Germer Experiment
Authors: Pullooru Bhanumoorthy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Application of unitcell defined boundary conditions leads to the question on the formation of standing waves within unitcell. We design and propose X-ray version of Davisson-Germer experiment as the answer. In the proposed experiment, a tunable synchrotron beam replaces the variable de Broglie wavelength of incident electron beam. Among the two series of Davisson-Germer peaks from original experiments available in literature, first series shown in figure 1 demonstrates standing wave description and the second series shown in figure 2 demonstrates running wave description. Both running waves and standing waves cannot simultaneously exist within the unitcell and the proposed experiment alone can resolve between the two. The experiment can be conducted on a macromolecular crystal also.
Incomplete recovery to enhance economic growth losses from US hurricanes under global warming
Authors: Otto Christian , Kuhla Kilian , Geiger Tobias , Schewe Jacob , Frieler Katja 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ongoing global warming is likely to increase the return frequency of very intense hurricanes in the North Atlantic. Here, we analyse how this frequency increase may impact on economic growth. To this end, we introduce an event-based macroeconomic growth model that allows us to assess how growth depends on the heterogeneity of hurricane impacts, by temporally resolving the economic response dynamics to individual hurricanes making landfall. We calibrate the model to hurricane impacts in the United States and find that economic growth losses scale super-linearly with the heterogeneity of hurricane impacts. We explain this by a disproportional increase of indirect losses with event severity which can lead to an incomplete recovery of the economy between consecutive intense landfall events. Based on two different methods to estimate the frequency increase of intense hurricanes, we estimate annual growth losses to increase by moderate 7% up to 146% in a 2°C world compared to the period 1980-2014. Our modelling suggests that higher insurance coverage may be a viable means to mitigate this climate change-induced increase in growth losses.
Reference data-set driven metabolomics
Authors: Gauglitz Julia , West Kiana , Bittremieux Wout , Williams Candace , Weldon Kelly , Panitchpakdi Morgan , Diottavio Francesca , Aceves Christine , Brown Elizabeth , Sikora Nicole , Jarmusch Alan , Martino Cameron , Tripathi Anupriya , Meehan Michael , Dorrestein Kathleen , Shaffer Justin , Coras Roxana , Vargas Fernando , Goldasich Lindsay DeRight , Schwartz Tara , Bryant MacKenzie , Humphrey Greg , Johnson Abigail , Spengler Katharina , Belda-Ferre Pedro , Diaz Edgar , McDonald Daniel , Zhu Qiyun , Emmanuel Elijah , Wang Mingxun , Marotz Clarisse , Sprecher Kate , RObles Daniela Vargas , Withrow Dana , Ackermann Gail , Herrera Lourdes , Bradford Barry , Marques Lucas Maciel Mauriz , Amaral Juliano Geraldo , Silva Rodrigo Moreira , Veras Flávio Protaso , Cunha Thiago Mattar , Oliveira Rene Donizeti Ribeiro , Louzada-Junior Paulo , Mills Robert , Piotrowski Paulina , Servetas Stephanie , DaSilva Sandra , Jones Christina , Lin Nancy , Lippa Katrice , Jackson Scott , Daouk Rima Kaddurah , Galasko Douglas , Dulai Parambir , Kalashnikova Tatyana , Wittenberg Curt , Gonzalez David , Terkeltaub Robert , Doty Megan , Kim Jae , Rhee Kyung , Beauchamp-Walters Julia , Wright Kenneth , Dominguez-Bello Maria Gloria , Manery Mark , Oliveira Michelli , Boland Brigid , Lopes Norberto , Guma Monica , Swafford Austin , Dutton Rachel , Knight Rob , Dorrestein Pieter 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Human untargeted metabolomics studies succeed in annotating only ~10% of molecular features. We, therefore, introduce reference data-driven analysis that uses the source data as a pseudo-MS/MS reference library to match against human metabolomics MS/MS data. We demonstrate this approach with food source data, allowing an empirical assessment of dietary patterns from untargeted data but is broadly applicable and provides an additional layer of interpretability to metabolomics data.
A giant chimeric NLR gene confers extreme broad-spectrum resistance to a plant pathogen
Authors: Ma Jianxin , Wang Weidong , Chen Liyang , Fengler Kevin , Bolar Joy , Llaca Victor , Wang Xutong , Clark Chancelor , Fleury Tomara , Myrvold Jon , Oneal David , Dyk Daleen van , Hudson Ashly , Munkvold Jesse , Baumgarten Andy , Thompson Jeff , Cai Guohong , Crasta Oswald , Aggarwal Rajat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRSR) caused by Phytophthora sojae is the most destructive soybean soil-borne disease worldwide. Discovery of genes conferring broad-spectrum resistance to the pathogen is an urgent need to prevent the outbreak of the disease. Here we show that soybean Rps11 is a 27.7-kb nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR or NLR) gene conferring extreme broad-spectrum resistance to the pathogen. Rps11 is located in a genomic region harboring a cluster of unusually large NLR genes belonging to a single evolutionary lineage that is distinct from all other lineages in the soybean genome, and was derived from rounds of intergenic and intragenic unequal recombination. Such recombination events have resulted in promoter fusion and expansion of the LRR domain that presumably explains such broadness of the resistance spectrum. The NLR gene cluster exhibits drastic structural diversification among phylogenetically representative varieties, including gene copy number variation ranging from five to 23 copies, and absence of allelic copies of Rps11 (i.e., rps11) in any of the non-Rps11-donor varieties examined. Our study thus exemplifies innovative evolution of NLR genes and NLR gene clusters and will accelerate the deployment of Rps11 for soybean protection.
Photonic Crystal-Based Biosensor for Detection of Human Red Blood Cells Parasitized by Plasmodium Falciparum
Authors: Rashidnia Ali , Pakarzadeh H , Hatami Mohsen , Ayyanar Natesan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a biosensors based on a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D PhC) waveguide including a ring resonator is designed and simulated based on refractive index changes of red blood cells. The proposed biosensor structure consists of an elliptical photonic crystal ring resonator and two linear waveguides containing silicon nitride rods in a 2D rectangular lattice with circular rods. The biosensor is utilized to detect the stages of the Plasmodium falciparum cycle in red blood cells and to diagnose malaria disease. The proposed design distinguishes with high sensitivity between normal red blood cells and cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum. This biosensor is very compact, consists of gold rods in the air background and works very well at two input central wavelengths of 0.514 μm and 1.55 μm. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to simulate and investigate the device. The biosensor is extremely compact which is very suitable for lab-on-chip applications and exhibits higher sensitivity at both input central wavelengths compared with that of previously reported sensors.
Late-stage C–H thiolation via sulfonium salts using β-sulfinylesters as the versatile sulfur source
Authors: Chen Yanhui , Wen Si , Tian Qingyu , Zhang Yuqing , Cheng Guolin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Organic sulfides form the core scaffold of a wide range of pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials, and serve as key intermediates in synthesis. Prior methods to organic sulfides require the use of transition metal (TM) catalysts, prefunctionalized or chelating group-containing substrates, and elevated reaction temperatures. A general TM-free C–H thiolation protocol using readily accessible sulfur source is highly desirable. Herein, we disclose a direct C(sp)–, C(sp2)–, and C(sp3)–H thiolation reaction using β-sulfinylesters as the versatile sulfur source. The key step of this protocol is chemoselective C–S bond cleavage of the sulfonium salts that is in situ formed from the corresponding (hetero)arenes, alkenes, alkynes, and 1,3-dicarboxyl compounds with β-sulfinylesters. The successful capture of acrylate byproduct supports a retro-Michael reaction mechanism. This method is expected to be used widely because of several advantageous aspects including TM-free, mild reaction conditions, and broad substrate scope including drug molecules.