bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of dual-task rehabilitative training in the early postoperative period after direct myocardial revascularization
Authors: Tarasova I. V. , Trubnikova O. A. , Kuhareva I. N. , Sosnina A. S. , Kupriyanova D. S. , Shesternin V. G. , Nagirnyak O. A. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. To assess the effects of cognitive rehabilitation with dual-task training that involves a cognitive task combined with postural and walking control, as well as electroencephalogram indices in patients in the early postoperative period after direct myocardial revascularization.Methods. The study enrolled 48 patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Subjects in this prospective, randomized study were randomized using envelopes to a postoperative cognitive training group (n = 23) and non-training group (n = 25). The cognitive training was carried out daily, starting 3-4 days after the procedure and until the discharge order. Dual tasks training (a cognitive task combined with postural and walking control) lasted 15-20 minutes. All patients were submitted to an extended neurophysiological assessment (psychometric tests and electroencephalogram study) and stabilography 3-5 days before and 8-11 days after coronary artery bypass grafting.Results. The patients who underwent cognitive training experienced postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in 39% cases in the early postoperative period after intervention, while the non-training group - in 64%. The relative risk of developing POCD in the non-training group was 2.77 (95% CI: 0.86-8.91, Z = 1.704, p = 0.08). The patients in cognitive training exhibited better cognitive state compared to the preoperative state (Z = 2.58; p = 0.01) in the absence of statistically significant differences in the non-training group. Moreover, type-1 theta power values increased in the non-training group in comparison to the preoperative values, while the cognitive training group did not have a statistically significant difference in theta power.Conclusion. Positive effects of dual task rehabilitation on the neurophysiological parameters of patients undergoing direct myocardial revascularization were demonstrated. Positive effects include lower frequency of POCD, improved cognitive state and less pronounced cortical dysfunction. The dual task training had proved a suitable training method for this category of patients. Additional studies are required to test the possibility of increasing the duration and intensity of dual task training for stronger recovery effect and improved cognitive and walking performance of patients in the postoperative period after direct myocardial revascularization.
Elemental analysis of valvular and atherosclerotic calcification
Authors: Bogdanov L. A. , Osyaev N. Yu. , Bogdanova Yu. D. , Mukhamadiyarov R. A. , Shabaev A. R. , Evtushenko А. V. , Kutikhin A. G. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. To analyze the topographic patterns of valvular and atherosclerotic calcification growth.Methods. Dysfunctional aortic valves (n = 18) and atherosclerotic plaques (n = 20) were fixed in formalin, postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, consecutively stained by 2% osmium tetroxide and 2% uranyl acetate, and embedded into epoxy resin (Epon) with the further grinding and polishing ofthe samples. Upon the counterstaining by lead citrate and sputter coating with carbon, samples were visualized by backscattered scanning electron microscopy. Elemental analysis was conducted via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Measurement of Ca/P ratio within the mineral deposits was carried out employing a pool table principle (i.e., in the center of the deposit, in the near and far circumferences (clockwise), and in control regions around the mineral deposit). Topographic patterns of calcifications were modeled using the correlation analysis. Results. Significant correlation was revealed between the Ca/P ratio in the deposit center and in the near and far circumferences of deposit in both in valvular (r = 0,35-0,78 - near circumference; r = 0,63-0,69 - far circumference) and atherosclerotic mineral deposits (r = 0,37-0,56 - near circumference; r = 0,48-0,63 - far circumference), suggesting the hierarchical growth of cardiovascular calcification around the initial nucleation sites.Conclusion. Valvular and atherosclerotic calcifications development is concentric.
Activation of transcriptional factor ZBTB16 expression during osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Semenova D. S. , Kiselev A. M. , Malashicheva A. B. 
Published: September 2021

Aim.Calcified aortic valve stenosis is the third leading cause of cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear, however, it is known that they are largely similar to the formation of bone tissue during embryonic development, as well as in the postnatal period during regeneration. There is evidence for the involvement of Zinc Finger and BTB Domain Containing 16 (ZBTB16) in skeletal development. At the same time, a number of studies carried out on different types of cell cultures indicate a contradictory and ambiguous effect of ZBTB16 on RUNX2 expression. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic variability of ZBTB16 expression, as well as its role in aortic valve calcification.Methods.The study used different types of mesenchymal cells cultures - aortic valve interstitial cells, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, ligament stem cells and dental pulp stem cells. Changes in ZBTB16 and RUNX2 expression levels under the influence of osteogenic stimuli, as well as during exogenous activation of ZBTB16, were analyzed using real-time PCR. Expression levels of some osteogenic markers - BMP2,4, COL1A1, IBSP, DLX2, PDK4 - were analyzed in the interstitial cells of the aortic valve.Results.The results of the study indicate that a significant increase in the expression of ZBTB16 is observed during the induction of osteogenic differentiation of various cell cultures - interstitial cells of the aortic valve, mesenchymal stem cells of the umbilical cord, stem cells of the ligaments and dental pulp. Apparently, the processes of osteogenic differentiation of aortic valve interstitial cells, in the presence of dexamethasone in cultivation medium, are provided through RUNX2-dependent signaling for the further activation of osteogenic markers.Conclusion.The study of modulation of cellular signals by ZBTB16, when activating or suppressing the work of a transcriptional factor, in the future may bring us closer to the ability to enhance the regenerative abilities of bone tissue cells or, conversely, prevent calcification of the aortic valve tissues.
Assessment of residential housing choices, quality, and affordability in Calabar Metropolis, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Okon Inah Eteng , Ikelegu Mark Egbe 
Published: September 2021

Purpose of the study: This paper examined the housing quality, its affordability as well as the housing choices which residents of Calabar can make. Housing needs in the city continue to rise in response to rapid urbanization rates and thus lead to high housing demands. Methodology: About 384 questionnaires were distributed randomly within six purposively delineated housing districts in Calabar with a 78 percent success rate. The stratification covered all the housing types, from the low to medium and the high classes. The coordinates of respondents were also collected for spatial analyses in which the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method was used to create housing choice maps in the identified districts of the city. The Chi-square statistics were used to test the statistical significance of the created contingency tables. Main Findings: Significant relationship exist between housing affordability and housing quality ((f) = 11.463, p-value = 0.022 (p < 0.05)), and between average monthly income and expenditure on rented residential housing in Calabar ((f) = 539.473, p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05)). Housing in the metropolis is not affordable to about 80% of residents who expend more than 30% of their income on housing. Applications of this study: This study helps shape the policy direction of government in housing provision and such, encourage private developers in the sector. Novelty/Originality of this study: Previous studies only addressed housing cost and provision, not a choice, quality, and affordability. This is the first study to address residential housing choices, quality, and affordability in the Calabar metropolis, involving a cross-sectional survey questionnaire. The results will be helpful to developers, homebuyers, and policymakers alike towards affordable housing delivery in Calabar and others. African cities.
The Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid on Biomass Increment, Rhizogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis of Suspension-cultured Dinh Lang Cells [Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms]
Authors: Phuong T.T.B. , Trung V.P. , An N.H. , Tuan N.D. , Nguyen P.T.T. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Dinh Lang [Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms] is a medicinal plant widely grown in Vietnam, with proven note-worthy health benefits. However, Dinh Lang’s amounts of triterpenoid saponins could not meet the need of the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, this study’s purpose is to figure out the optimal condition for raising Dinh Lang’s cell biomass, rhizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis to provide materials for bioactive compound productions. Methods: Different 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and α-naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) were examined to determine the best amount of each plant growth regulator for raising cells’ biomass, rhizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. In each treatment, two grams of eight-week-old calli were cultured in 50 mL of liquid MS medium. Result: It is demonstrated by the results that liquid MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid has the capacity of producing the highest numbers of somatic embryos (489 embryos per flask) and rooted cells (259.5 cells per flask), while the fresh weight of cells cultured in the medium given 1.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid reached its peak of 5.7 g.
MODEL SISTEM ANTRIAN PADA PELAYANAN RESTORAN CEPAT SAJI (Studi Kasus di KFC Gajah Mada Kabupaten Jember)
Authors: Purnomo Bambang Herry , Suryadharma Bertung , Ekasari Nurma Yunita 
Published: September 2021

KFC is one of the fast food restaurants in the Jember Regency which is never deserted of visitors, especially that on Gajah Mada Street. The purposes of this study were to determine the characteristics of the queuing system, analyze the queuing applied at KFC, formulate recommendations for improving the queuing system to reduce queuing, and minimize costs. The Data analysis was performed to compare manual calculations and simulation methods using ARENA 14.0. The characteristics of the current queue at KFC are random and unlimited arrival patterns, FIFO (first in first out) queue discipline, and the design of the single phase multi channel queuing system. The queuing distribution used for arrival and service time was the exponential distribution. The queuing model notation at the M/M/2 cashier: FIFO/∞/∞. The recommended queuing model that can be applied was to add 1 cashier to 3 cashiers at a cost of Rp 150,560 from the scenario made. The performance variable in the scenario becomes less than the initial condition, which was ρ cashier becomes 188%, total Wq about 0.92 minutes, and Lq about 2 people. Adding these facilities changes the queuing model notation to (M/M/3: FIFO/∞/∞).
Keywords: ARENA, FIFO queuing discipline KFC Jember, queuing system
DESAIN KEMASAN SEKUNDER PADA PRODUK PROL TAPE DENGAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD) (Studi Kasus di UD. Purnama Jati, Kabupaten Jember)
Authors: Suryaningrat Ida Bagus , Mahardika Nidya Shara , Firlanarosa Mela Eriana 
Published: September 2021

Packaging refers to an object to protect and secure certain products within the package as well as giving a particular image to persuade the customers. The research objectives were to identify customers’ desires and satisfaction levels to prol tape product packaging using the quality function deployment (QFD) method, designing packages, determining the type of packaging, and determining the compressive strength of the packaging using a universal testing machine (UTM). The research findings were 4 important attributes found for secondary packaging, namely the attributes of strength, appearance, price, and protection. Based on the attributes, the researcher designed a new secondary packaging using the RSC (regular slotted container) type of packaging consisting of two parts; BC flute type for outer packaging and B flute type for inner packaging. Meanwhile, the old secondary packaging only consisted of one part, namely B flute type for outer packaging. According to the compressive strength test results, the new packaging has a compressive strength value of 189.6 kgf with a maximum stack number of 40 stacks, and the old packaging has a compressive strength value of 82.7 kgf with a maximum stack number of 18 stacks.
Keywords: compressive strength, packaging, prol tape, QFD
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN ORGANOLEPTIK FRIED FROZEN CASSAVA DENGAN VARIASI LAMA WAKTU PEREBUSAN DAN PERENDAMAN NATRIUM BIKARBONAT
Authors: Leseni Ni Ketut , Yuwana Nugraha 
Published: September 2021

The abundance of cassava, especially during the main harvest, triggers the accumulation of damaged cassava due to lack of processing and storage. An alternative solution to overcome this problem is by processing it into fried frozen cassava. The freezing process could extend product shelf life. In addition, it is necessary to have additional materials such as sodium bicarbonate to improve physical characteristics because it can form air cavities which make the product becomes more crispy outside and soft inside. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of variations in boiling time and sodium bicarbonate on the characteristic of fried frozen cassava. This study used 8 types of sample variation, 4 levels of factor A (boiling time: A0=0 min; A1=10 min; A2=20 min; A3=30 min) and 2 levels of factor B (sodium bicarbonate: B1=without soaking in sodium bicarbonate; B2=with soaking in sodium bicarbonate). Based on the results of the study, soaking in sodium bicarbonate and boiling time variations gave a significant effect on the texture of fried frozen cassava (value range 4-56 g/mm) but not on lightness (value range 64-71). The assessment from organoleptic characteristic (value range on color/lightness 2.63-3.48, aroma 2.51–3.40, flavor 1.75–3.92, texture 1.51–3.94, overall 1.81–3.81), showed that the fried frozen cassava with 30 minutes boiling time was preferred by consumers, especially those which soaked in sodium bicarbonate.
Keywords: cassava, frozen, boiling time, sodium bicarbonate
PENINGKATAN NILAI GIZI PRODUK PANGAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BUBUK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera): REVIEW
Authors: Angelina Clarita , Swasti Yuliana Reni , Pranata Franciscus Sinung 
Published: September 2021

In several countries, moringa leaves are starting to be widely used in food products as an alternative to overcome malnutrition. Malnutrition occurs due to a lack of energy and protein balance which disrupt human physiological function. The lack of micronutrient intakes, such as vitamin A, iron, and zinc, can also cause malnutrition. Moringa oleifera is referred to as the most economical tree. Almost every part of the tree contains abundant nutrients and plays an important role in meeting human nutritional needs. Moringa leaves contain high protein, vitamins, and minerals, to be used as an alternative to overcome nutritional problems. Various studies have concluded that moringa leaves can be used in food products. This review aims to determine the use of moringa leaves to increase the nutritional content in food products. The addition of moringa leaf powder causes a significant increase in protein, fiber, and mineral content in several food products. The addition of moringa leaf powder with the highest concentration resulted in the best increase in protein, fat, fiber, and mineral content in several food products. However, the acceptable concentration of moringa leaf powder addition is not more than 5%.
Keywords: mineral content, moringa leaf, nutrient
APLIKASI VARIASI SUKROSA DAN PERBANDINGAN GELATIN-KARAGENAN PADA PERMEN JELI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora P.)
Authors: Handayani Septy , Lindriati Triana , Kurniawati Fuji , Sari Puspita 
Published: September 2021

Robusta coffee is widely cultivated in Indonesia, and it is often processed into ground coffee. In this study, coffee jelly candy was made for product diversification of coffee. In this case, gel forming agents and sugar are needed to build jelly candy texture, aroma, and taste. The aim of this research was to study the characteristics of coffee jelly candy as affected by sucrose concentration and the ratio of carrageenan to gelatin. A completely randomized design using two factors (sucrose concentration of 40% and 60%; and gelatin to carrageenan ratio of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 w/w) was employed. The result showed that sucrose concentrations and gelatin to carrageenan ratio significantly (α > 5%) affected texture, color, moisture content, ash content, and organoleptic parameters (preference towards color, texture, taste, and overall). However, sucrose concentration and the ratio of gelatin to carrageenan not significantly (α < 0,05%) affect antioxidant activity and polyphenol concentration. The effectiveness test showed that coffee jelly candy with 40% sucrose concentration and the ratio of gelatin:carrageenan 50:50 had the highest score with L (lightness) value of 46.79, hardness of 54.53 g/mm, moisture content of 19.26%, ash content of 1.36%, antioxidant activity of 26.63%, total polyphenol of 0.46 mg GAE/mL, preference towards color of 5.60 (rather like), preferences towards aroma of 5.83 (rather like), preferences towards taste of 5.10 (rather like), preferences towards texture of 5.13 (rather like), and overall preference of 5.57 (rather like).
Keywords: carrageenan, gelatin, jelly candy, organoleptic, robusta, sucrose
ANALISA PERFORMA DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA MESIN 4-TAK 113CC MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN PREMIUM DAN ETHANOL
Authors: Priatama Muhamad Hafidz Firdaus , Rosyadi Imron , Yusuf Yusvardi 
Published: September 2021

The use of a fuel mixture of gasoline and ethanol can reduce the PM2.5 (Particulate Matter) value in the air by 0.3-0.4 µg m-3. This research aims to see the performance of a 4-stroke engine 113cc in standard conditions using a mixture of premium and ethanol. This research learns 5 types of mixture, E0, E10, E15, E20, and E25. The fuels was tested at 5 engine speed 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, and 6000 rpm, at prony brake dynamometer to measuring performance, fuel consumption and Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC). The results of research show that the highest torque and power is the E15 mixture, that is 8.90 Nm at 5500 rpm and the power obtained is 5.529 kW at 6000 rpm. Meanwhile, the lowest fuel consumption value is found in the E10 with a value of 169.78 gr/hour at 4500 rpm. The lowest SFC value of all fuels is the E15 at 5000 rpm on 27.565 gr/kW.h. This is the lowest of any other fuel, because the Research Octane Number value is following the compression ratio of the engine, so there is no delay in ignition symptoms that occur during the combustion system. The viscosity value also contributes to the difference in data.
Will Tax Burden Be a Stumbling Block to Carbon-Emission Reduction? Evidence from OECD Countries
Authors: Ren Yishuai , Jiang Yong , Ma Chaoqun , Liu Jianglong , Chen Jing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The influence of taxation on the economy and society is everywhere. Given the fact that CO2 emission is closely connected with human activities, the question naturally arises whether the tax burden affects the carbon emissions. To address this issue, based on the data of 21 OECD countries over the period from 1991–2014, we use the ratio of tax revenue to GDP as a proxy of the tax burden and employ a panel quantile model with the non-additive fixed effects for analysis. The results suggest that the impact of the tax burden on carbon emissions is heterogeneous across countries based on the level of carbon emissions. Moreover, we find a stable U-shaped relationship between the tax burden and carbon emissions whether for countries with a high or low level of carbon emissions. Our findings suggest that moderate taxes could help reduce carbon emissions, but the effect of excessive taxation is the opposite.
The Effect of Online Channel Addition on Store Performance: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Chain Retailers
Authors: Wang Yixin , Gong Qiguo , Wang Tingyan , Tian Xin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of e-Commerce and takeaway platforms, retailers have gradually developed multi-channel operations. However, limited empirical studies explored the effects of an online channel offered by takeaway platforms on the store performance. Does an online channel addition have a synergy effect or a cannibalization effect on store performance? We empirically investigate these effects by analyzing a large dataset including diverse samples collected from multiple retailers across various regions. The dataset includes 2115 stores across 25 retailers for 10 months that includes two types of retail formats and covers 16 provinces and 21 cities of China. We study the impacts of the newly introduced online channel on the incumbent offline channel and the overall store performance. The empirical results reveal that the online channel addition mainly has a synergy effect. Specifically, for the overall store, it has a positive effect on the sales and product variety, whereas it has a negative effect on the basket size. Surprisingly, an online channel addition also has a positive effect on the offline sales. Our study adds novel values to multi-channel retailing literature by empirically researching the cannibalization and synergy effect of a new type of online channel, offered by takeaway platforms. It can provide insights for retail enterprises who are interested in introducing O2O model.
A Study of Multi-Scale Relationship Between Investor Sentiment and Stock Index Fluctuation Based on the Analysis of BEMD Spillover Index
Authors: Chen Weiguo , Zhou Shufen , Zhang Yin , Sun Yi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
According to behavioral finance theory, investor sentiment generally exists in investors’ trading activities and influences financial market. In order to investigate the interaction between investor sentiment and stock market as well as financial industry, this study decomposed investor sentiment, stock price index and SWS index of financial industry into IMF components at different scales by using BEMD algorithm. Moreover, the fluctuation characteristics of time series at different time scales were extracted, and the IMF components were reconstructed into short-term high-frequency components, medium-term important event low-frequency components and long-term trend components. The short-term interaction between investor sentiment and Shanghai Composite Index, Shenzhen Component Index and financial industries represented by SWS index was investigated based on the spillover index. The time difference correlation coefficient was employed to determine the medium-term and long-term correlation among variables. Results demonstrate that investor sentiment has a strong correlation with Shanghai Composite Index, Shenzhen Component Index and different financial industries represented by SWS index at the original scale, and the change of investor sentiment is mainly influenced by external market information. The interaction between most markets at the short-term scale is weaker than that at the original scale. Investor sentiment is more significantly correlated with SWS Bond, SWS Diversified Finance and Shanghai Composite Index at the long-term scale than that at the medium-term scale.