bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral semaglutide: an innovative paradigm in the management of cardiovascular risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Temporelli Pier Luigi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs) remain a leading global health issue, causing about one-third of all deaths worldwide. Among modifiable CV risk factors (systolic blood pressure, non-HDL cholesterol, diabetes, body mass index, and smoking), diabetes is a leading one, accounting for established CVDs in 34.8% of diabetic patients, with an increasing prevalence of disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), like exenatide, liraglutide, albiglutide, dulaglutide, and semaglutide, initially developed for treatment of Type 2 diabetes, have shown CV benefits, and international guidelines recommend now GLP-1 RAs as preferred drugs for CV prevention in diabetic patients regardless of baseline HbA1c or metformin use. Among GLP-1 RAs, subcutaneous semaglutide has demonstrated cardio-metabolic risk factors reduction and efficacy in CV prevention. Development of oral semaglutide represents the evolution of the molecule. The PIONEER study programme confirmed the efficacy of oral semaglutide in reducing HbA1c, body weight, and cardio-metabolic risk factors as well as CV safety. Notably, independently by route of administration, semaglutide showed early CV benefits, suggesting mechanisms beyond glycaemic control or weight reduction. Semaglutide, combining potent cardio-metabolic effects with oral route, emerges as a pivotal treatment for high-risk Type 2 diabetes patients, offering comprehensive CV protection independent of HbA1c levels.
Over 10 years of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants: highlights, challenges, and future developments
Authors: De Caterina Raffaele , Chiusolo Simona 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over the past decade, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants have revolutionized anticoagulation therapy, offering substantial benefits over traditional vitamin K antagonists. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants offer reduced bleeding risks, fixed dosing without frequent monitoring, and fewer drug and dietary interactions. Their effectiveness has been demonstrated in preventing stroke in atrial fibrillation, managing venous thromboembolism, and offering new options for patients with coronary artery disease and cancer-associated thrombosis. However, challenges remain, including bleeding risks, high costs, and limited efficacy in certain patient populations. Current research is focused on addressing these limitations, with Factor XI inhibitors emerging as a promising advancement for safer anticoagulation. This review provides an overview of the clinical highlights, challenges, and future directions of anticoagulation therapy.
Periodic breathing during exercise in heart failure: beyond the classic risk factors
Authors: Karsten Marlus , Salvioni Elisabetta , Palermo Pietro , Mattavelli Irene , Scatigna Marco , Mapelli Massimo , Grilli Giulia , Pezzuto Beatrice , Apostolo Anna , Ribeiro Gustavo dos Santos , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Periodic breathing is a peculiar ventilatory pattern in patients with heart failure (HF), characterized by cyclic oscillations in minute ventilation. This phenomenon has been observed in awake patients, during sleep, and during exercise. Periodic breathing during exercise, also known as exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV), is an important marker of clinical and functional status, morbidity, and mortality in HF patients. However, a clear understanding of the meaning, causes, and possible occurrence of different forms of EOV is still currently lacking. This review focuses on what is known, likely known, or unknown about EOV in HF, including topics such as the definition of EOV, pathophysiological mechanisms, EOV phenotypes, treatment modalities, and the prognostic role of EOV in patients with HF. Finally, some perspectives on research opportunities and clinical practice are presented, to increase the knowledge of EOV, and the application of tools for its assessment, which may improve the chances of identifying and treating EOV, with a positive impact on patients with HF.
Towards a phenotype profiling of the patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Bonfioli Giovanni Battista , Pagnesi Matteo , Calò Leonardo , Metra Marco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing and prognosis remains poor, with a high risk of mortality or hospitalizations for worsening heart failure events. Apart from sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and diuretics, the management of HFpEF is nowadays based on the different aetiologies and cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular comorbidities. A great heterogeneity of clinical profiles has been described in HFpEF, with several recent studies focused on the identification of different HFpEF phenotypes. In this review, we summarize available evidence on phenotype profiling in HFpEF, describing the different phenotypes with the relative therapeutic implications, and reporting other specific clinical conditions relevant for HFpEF differential diagnosis.
Pulsed field ablation in atrial fibrillation ablation: where are we and where are we going?
Authors: Schiavone Marco , Tondo Claudio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pulsed field ablation (PFA) offers a novel approach to treating atrial fibrillation, demonstrating promising efficacy and safety. Unlike traditional thermal ablation techniques like radiofrequency or cryoablation, PFA uses non-thermal irreversible electroporation to selectively target myocardial tissue, minimizing damage to surrounding structures such as the oesophagus, phrenic nerve, and coronary arteries. Initial studies indicate that PFA is effective in achieving durable pulmonary vein isolation and posterior wall isolation, with a low incidence of serious complications. However, more long-term clinical data are needed to further confirm its efficacy.
The ‘Padua classification’ of cardiomyopathies into three groups: hypertrophic/restrictive, dilated/hypokinetic, and scarring/arrhythmogenic
Authors: Corrado Domenico , Graziano Francesca , Bauce Barbara , Bueno Marinas Maria , Calore Chiara , Celeghin Rudy , Cipriani Alberto , De Gaspari Monica , De Lazzari Manuel , Migliore Federico , Perazzolo Marra Martina , Pilichou Kalliopi , Rigato Ilaria , Rizzo Stefania , Angelini Annalisa , Zorzi Alessandro , Thiene Gaetano , Basso Cristina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The newly proposed classification of cardiomyopathies, referred to as ‘the Padua Classification’, is based on both pathobiological basis (genetics, molecular biology, and pathology) and clinical features (morpho-functional and structural ventricular remodelling as evidenced by cardiac magnetic resonance). Cardiomyopathies are grouped into tree main categories and characterized by a designation combining both ‘anatomical’ and ‘functional’ features: hypertrophic/restrictive, dilated/hypokinetic, and scarring/arrhythmogenic; each cardiomyopathy group includes either genetic or non-genetic aetiologic variants. This novel approach aims to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and to support ‘disease-specific’ therapeutic strategies, with the objective to improve patient management and outcome.
The clinical and pharmacoeconomic impact of established and novel heart failure therapies
Authors: Acquaro Mauro , Turco Annalisa , De Luca Leonardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chronic heart failure (HF) is a prevalent condition associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic burden worldwide. The pharmacological management of HF has evolved over time with various drug classes demonstrating efficacy in improving patient outcomes. This review examines the pharmacoeconomic aspects of these therapies, including common and newer HF therapies as angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, iron supplementation, and vericiguat, a novel soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator. By analysing cost-effectiveness studies and their implications on healthcare resource utilization, this paper aims to inform clinicians and policymakers on HF management optimization from both clinical and economic perspectives.
The role of functional assessment in the management of ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Prati Francesco , Albertucci Mario , Biccire’ Flavio Giuseppe , Gatto Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over the past three decades, ischaemia research has been the cornerstone of the management and treatment of patients with atherosclerotic CAD. A robust body of evidence, including non-randomized and randomized trials, has supported the use of invasive and non-invasive coronary function tests to guide coronary revascularization. However, more recent data have questioned the clinical benefits of adopting this approach, especially in patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction. The increasing use of intracoronary imaging has identified the morphological features of plaques at higher risk of causing subsequent acute coronary events, despite the fact that they were not obstructive at the time of the index investigation. However, although functional assessment does not appear to have the same potential for identifying high-risk plaques as imaging modalities, it offers the simplicity and reproducibility of plaque assessment as a unique advantage. Furthermore, the ideal approach for the treatment of the so-called vulnerable plaques is still far from being identified, while a robust body of evidence supports the role of functionally guided revascularization, especially in stable patients. Overall, ischaemia research still provides non-negligible information that contributes to a personalized approach to improve patient outcomes.
Policy Strategies for Inclusion of Pregnant and Lactating Women in Vaccine Research
Authors: Serota Danielle E , Crooks Chelsea M , McGinty Emma E , Permar Sallie R , Riley Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pregnant and lactating women (PLW) have historically been excluded from vaccine research, creating inequities in vaccine access and uptake for PLW. U.S. federal research policies create the framework for inclusion of diverse populations, including PLW, in research. We conducted a policy analysis and interviews (N=29) with experts in vaccine research for PLW to characterize the existing policy landscape and to identify policy strategies to promote inclusion of PLW in vaccine trials. We integrated policy analysis and interview results to inform five policy recommendations. Current federal policy does not require or incentivize the inclusion of PLW in vaccine trials. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance on inclusion of PLW in vaccine and other clinical research is nonbinding and lacks clarity. Extant policies do not adequately allay liability concerns among vaccine developers. To address these concerns, we recommend that the U.S. Congress pass legislation authorizing the FDA to require inclusion of PLW in vaccine research; incentivize sponsors to complete timely vaccine studies in PLW; create a national no-fault compensation program for clinical research participants, including PLW; remove pregnancy from the “vulnerable population” designation in FDA human subjects regulations and clarify existing federal regulations pertaining to clinical research with PLW.
Myocardial revascularization in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and metanalysis of surgical versus percutaneous coronary revascularization
Authors: Grazioli Valentina , Di Mauro Michele , Perocchio Giacomo , Gerometta Piersilvio , Agnino Alfonso , Pin Maurizio , Meani Paolo , Matteucci Matteo , Ronco Daniele , Massimi Giulio , Maessen Jos , Corradi Domenico , Gaudino Mario , Lorusso Roberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To compare outcomes of two different revascularization strategies in chronic kidney disease patients: coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention.

METHODS
we conducted this metanalysis according to PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021238659), evaluated studies comparing CABG and PCI in patients with CAD and CKD (defined by KDIGO guidelines). Data were extracted from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane from 2000 to 2023. The primary end-point was long-term MACCE rates, with secondary end-points including 30-day mortality, stroke, MI, and repeat revascularization. Statistical analyses included Kaplan–Meier estimations, Cox regression, and meta-regression to address heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed via funnel plots. No funding was received, and the authors report no conflicts of interest.

RESULTS
We included 33 studies with 402,300 patients (eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73m2). The cohort comprised 132,314 coronary artery bypass graft and 269,986 percutaneous coronary intervention patients.
Over three years, coronary artery bypass group provided protection against major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization compared to percutaneous coronary intervention. However, percutaneous coronary intervention showed better short-term outcomes, including lower 30-day mortality. Coronary artery bypass group was linked to a higher stroke risk over the 3-year follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
Revascularization strategies for chronic kidney disease and coronary artery disease patients should balance percutaneous coronary intervention's short-term benefits with coronary artery bypass grafting's long-term advantages.
A novel semi-nested PCR assay with high sensitivity and robust specificity enables simultaneous detection of human and animal bocaviruses
Authors: Piewbang Chutchai , Zahro Aisyah Nikmatuz , Poonsin Panida , Puenpa Jiratchaya , Phupolphan Cherdpong , Kosoltanapiwat Nathamon , Ngamprasertwong Thongchai , Claude Julien , Lekchareonsuk Porntippa , Poovorawan Yong , Techangamsuwan Somporn 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Bocaviruses (BoVs), belonging to the Parvoviridae family, pose significant challenges in detection due to their genetic diversity and cross-species transmission capabilities. Efficient and broad-spectrum detection methods are essential for understanding BoV epidemiology and addressing potential zoonotic risks.

Methods
We developed a semi-nested PCR assay for simultaneous detection of diverse BoV species across human and animal hosts. Primers were designed by analyzing 765 BoV genome sequences, targeting conserved regions spanning the NP1 to VP2 genes. Sensitivity was determined through analytical tests, and specificity was evaluated against 39 non-BoV viruses. Validation was performed using spiked biological samples, and the method was applied to 552 clinical samples from 542 hosts, encompassing a broad range of mammalian species.

Results
The assay demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting BoVs at concentrations as low as 0.2 copies/µL. Specificity tests confirmed no cross-reactivity with other viral families. Validation using 37 strains representing 29 BoV species affirmed its broad efficacy. BoVs were identified across diverse hosts, including humans, bats, canines, porcines, rodents, and felines. Additionally, novel host associations were observed, such as Panthera uncia bocaparvovirus (PuBoV) in a tiger and serval cat, canine bocavirus 2 (CBoV-2) in raccoon dogs, and feline bocaviruses (FBoV) in murid rodents. Human bocaviruses were also detected in monkey samples, indicating potential pathogen spillover.

Conclusions
This semi-nested PCR method provides a sensitive and specific tool for BoV detection, enhancing surveillance in human and animal populations. It is instrumental in monitoring zoonotic risks and emerging infectious threats, offering critical insights into BoV epidemiology and cross-species transmission dynamics.
Spatio-temporal pattern evolution analysis of ecological networks based on the morphological spatial pattern analysis: A case study of Ningbo City, China
Authors: Zhang Jiyuan , Gao Xuehui , Liang Chaozhong , Zhang Maowen , Zhang Shuiming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The exponential expansion of urban areas has precipitated a concomitant deterioration in the natural environment. Constructing ecological networks is vital in improving landscape connectivity, protecting biodiversity, and maintaining regional sustainable development. Ningbo, China was set as the research area. The geographic information system (GIS) and the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) were employed to determine the ecological source area. Subsequently, the corridor design model Linkage Mapper was employed to ascertain and assess the linkages between the designated ecological source areas. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, there was a large-scale change in land use type in Ningbo, with increasing complexity of patches and landscape fragmentation. The ecological sources of the three periods in Ningbo were primarily situated in the western, southern, and Hangzhou Bay coastal regions, exhibiting an uneven distribution in the eastern and western areas. (2) The number of primary ecological corridors in Ningbo underwent a significant reduction, from 26 to 17, between the years 2000 and 2020. In terms of the distribution of ecological corridors, the primary corridors were concentrated in the central, southern, and western regions of the study area in 2000. By 2020, however, the primary ecological corridors within the study region were distributed mainly in a southerly direction. The interaction between North and South ecological sources was weakened, which adversely affected the species spread and ecosystem stability. (3) After optimization, 12 ecological corridors, and 4 ecological nodes were incorporated into the Ningbo, 67 ecological breakpoints were identified, and 4 stepping stone patches were added. The study employed spatio-temporal change trends, including land use type and landscape pattern, to examine the ecological network of Ningbo. In conclusion, the proposed optimisation strategy is aligned with the current urban development context, offering a particularly pertinent reference point for Ningbo's ecological protection initiatives.
The elastic wave dispersion mechanism of different coal structures under room-dry condition
Authors: She Jiasheng , Zou Guangui , Peng Suping , Gong Fei , Zhao Tailang , Liu Yanhai , Li Bin , Yin Caiyun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The elastic characteristics of different coal structures (primary, cataclastic, granulated and mylonitized) are important for coalbed problems such as methane exploration and mining. However, due to various factors influencing coal elastic parameters, there is still little understanding about it. In this study, we selected four samples with different coal structures and measured their elastic parameters in seismic frequency band (4–300 Hz) under varying confining pressure (room pressure up to 20 MPa). The results show that coal elastic wave velocities are frequency dependent under room-dry condition. These results contrast with the previous understanding that rock dispersion phenomena are caused by fluids. The dispersion of elastic wave velocities decreases with increasing confining pressure and increases as the coal structure becomes more fragmented. Under room pressure, the P-wave velocity in primary coal and mylonitized coal exhibited 5.91% and 12.04% increases from 4 to 300 Hz, respectively. However, at 20 MPa, these increases were reduced to 2.78% and 4.75%. The fractal viscoelastic model, which is grounded in the staggered interlayer structure of coal matrix, effectively describes the dispersion characteristics of coal. That reveals the fractal structure of the coal may be used to describe the coal viscoelastic characteristics. We found that frictional dissipation and the viscoelastic components, such as clay and organic matter, caused the dispersion. The difference in compliant pore content is the primary reason for the different dispersion in various coal structures in this study. This research may provide a new basis for studying the elastic wave dispersion of different coal structures.
Variation in leaf construction cost and environmental drivers in China
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Zhao Yifei , Li Qiaosheng , Tan Zijun , Zhang Zugeng , Liu Yuxuan , Wang Jianming , Liu Congcong , Xiao Chunwang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Leaf construction cost (LCC), a proxy for the energetic investment plants make to construct leaf biomass, indicates carbon investment strategies of plants across diverse habitats. However, large-scale variations in LCC and their correlations with climate and soil factors have yet to be fully explored. Here, we compiled a dataset comprising 442 species-site combinations, spanning nearly all vegetation types in China, to address this knowledge gap. We found that LCC exhibited substantial variation, ranging from 0.72 g glucose g-1 to 1.93 g glucose g-1, with an average of 1.25 g glucose g-1. LCC was significantly higher in woody species compared to non-woody species; however, there was no significant difference in LCC between evergreen and deciduous plants. LCC decreased with latitude and longitude but increased with altitude. Among bivariate LCC-environment relationships, LCC was positively correlated with mean annual precipitation and temperature, but negatively correlated with temperature seasonality, precipitation seasonality, soil nitrogen content, and soil silt content. Collectively, climate and soil factors account for over 54% of the variance in LCC, with soil exerting a more significant influence than climate on LCC. This study offers an exhaustive analysis of the evident pattern of LCC over a large spatial scale, fostering a fresh perspective on functional biogeography and establishing the foundation for further research exploring the interplay between LCC, ecological functions, and macroevolutionary implications.
Systemic inflammation response index predicts overall survival in patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Matsuda Ryosuke , Tamamoto Tetsuro , Inooka Nobuyoshi , Hontsu Shigeto , Doi Akihiro , Maeoka Ryosuke , Nakazawa Tsutomu , Morimoto Takayuki , Yamaki Kaori , Miura Sachiko , Morisaki Yudai , Yokoyama Shohei , Kotsugi Masashi , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Isohashi Fumiaki , Nakagawa Ichiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pre-treatment blood cell counts in patients with brain metastasis (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated using linear accelerator (linac)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) with a micro-multileaf collimator. Between January 2011 and November 2022, 271 consecutive patients underwent linac-based SRS/fSRT for BM from NSCLC. Thirty patients with insufficient blood test data during this period were excluded from this analysis. Thirty-five patients with steroid intake at the time point of the blood test and 18 patients with higher C-reactive protein were excluded. Thus, 188 patients were eventually enrolled in this study. The median follow-up period after SRS/fSRT was 21 months (range: 0–121 months), and the median survival time after SRS/fSRT was 19 months. Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio ≥ 1.90, lymphocyte–monocyte ratio ≤ 1.67 and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) ≥ 2.95 were unfavorable predictors of prognosis for patients who underwent SRS/fSRT for BM from NSCLC. Cox proportional-hazard multivariate analysis revealed that the SIRI was independent prognostic factors for increased risk of death. Thus, simple, less expensive, and routinely performed pre-treatment blood cell count measurements such as SIRI can predict the overall survival of patients treated with SRS/fSRT for BM from NSCLC.