bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient pathways for cardiovascular diseases in Malaysia and the Philippines: a systematic review
Authors: Seguin Maureen , Lasco Gideon , Bin Idris Khairuddin , Mendoza Jhaki , Mohd Kadri N.H. Hanani , Krauss Steven , D'Silva Jeffrey , Shaffril Hayrol Mohamed , Fadzil Mohd Fauzi , Palafox Benjamin , Renedo Alicia , Nafiza Mat-Nasir , Majid Fadhlina , Razak Azlina A. , Yusoff Khalid , Palileo-Villanueva Lia , Dans Antonio , Mallari Eunice , Balabanova Dina , McKee Martin 
Published: February 2021

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature mortality in the world and are a growing public health concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including those in South East Asia. Their management requires coordinated responses by a range of healthcare providers, which should preferably be based on knowledge of the national context. We systematically review evidence on the pathways followed by patients with CVD in Malaysia and the Philippines to understand patient journeys, along with the barriers at each stage. Methods: We searched seven bibliographic databases and grey literature sources to identify material focused on the pathways followed by patients with CVD in Malaysia and the Philippines, and performed a narrative synthesis. Results: The search yielded 25 articles, 3 focused on the Philippines and 22 on Malaysia. Most articles were quantitative analyses that focused on hypertensive patients. Three examined secondary prevention post myocardial infarction, and one each examined acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Reported barriers reflected capability (knowledge of behaviours to achieve control or the capacity to conduct these behaviours), intention (attitudes or motivations toward the behaviours to achieve control), and aspects of the health care system (availability, accessibility, affordability and acceptability of services). Conclusions: There are large gaps in our understanding of patient pathways in Malaysia and the Philippines that limit the development of evidence-based strategies to effectively address the CVD burden in South East Asian countries and in LMICs more broadly. Addressing these evidence gaps will require longitudinal mixed-methods studies following patients from initial diagnosis to long-term management.
Executive Network Centrality and Corporate Reporting
Authors: He Jing 
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates the association of corporate reporting and executive network centrality, which measures an executive’s relative position in a massive network consisting of outside corporate leaders. I find that high-centrality chief executive officers (CEOs) and chief financial officers (CFOs) are generally more likely to engage in financial misreporting than low-centrality CEOs and CFOs. I also find that the influence of CFO network centrality is greater than that of CEOs in financial misreporting. Further analyses show that the monitoring effect of internal governance mechanisms on high-centrality executives is very limited and that the discipline of the managerial labor market is weaker for high-centrality CFOs as well. My results hold for a subsample subject to exogenous shocks to CFO connectedness and are robust to a series of alternative specifications including using CFO fixed effects. Taken together, my findings suggest that corporate reporting can be influenced by executives’ social network position, with high-centrality CFOs using their social power to make adverse corporate reporting decisions to gain personal benefits. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Needle-based deep-neural-network camera
Authors: Guo Ruipeng , Nelson Soren , Menon Rajesh 
Published: February 2021

We experimentally demonstrate a camera whose primary optic is a
cannula/needle (

d
i
a
m
e
t
e
r

=

0.22

m
m

and

l
e
n
g
t
h

=

12.5

m
m

) that acts as a light pipe
transporting light intensity from an object plane (35 cm away) to its
opposite end. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are used to reconstruct
color and grayscale images with a field of view of 18° and angular
resolution of

∼

0.4

∘

. We showed a large effective
demagnification of

127

×

. Most interestingly, we showed that
such a camera could achieve close to diffraction-limited performance
with an effective numerical aperture of 0.045, depth of focus

∼

16

µ

m

, and resolution close to the sensor
pixel size (3.2 µm). When trained on images with depth information,
the DNN can create depth maps. Finally, we show DNN-based
classification of the EMNIST dataset before and after image
reconstructions. The former could be useful for imaging with enhanced
privacy.
Age at Diagnosis Is Determinant for the Outcome of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is It a Myth?
Authors: Ministro Paula , Dias Cláudia Camila , Portela Francisco , Fernandes Samuel , Bernardo Sónia , Pires Francisco , Lago Paula , Rosa Isadora , Trindade Eunice , Alves Catarina , Correia Luís , Magro Fernando 
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease were previously associated with a less aggressive course of the disease. However, there are conflicting data that need further validation. We aimed to determine the association between age at diagnosis and the development of progressive disease in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODS:
This cohort study included patients with CD and UC followed in 6 secondary and tertiary care centers in mainland Portugal. Patients were divided into a derivation (80%) cohort and a validation (20%) cohort. The primary outcome was progressive disease. Logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic curves, and the areas under the curve (AUC) were performed. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.

RESULTS:
The derivation cohorts included 1245 patients with CD (68% with progressive disease) and 1210 patients with UC (37% with progressive disease), whereas the validation cohorts included 302 patients with CD and 271 patients with UC, respectively, with similar outcome proportions. In our final model, age at diagnosis older than 60 years was significantly associated with a lower risk of developing progressive disease (odds ratio 0.390, 95% CI 0.164–0.923, P = 0.032), with a high discriminative power (AUC 0.724, 95% CI 0.693–754) in patients with CD. However, according to this model, no significant associations were found between age at diagnosis and the risk of developing progressive disease in patients with UC. No differences were observed in the AUC values between the validation and the derivation cohorts.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with elderly-onset CD, but not patients with UC, were associated with a less progressive course of the disease.
A novel splice site variant in FOXN1 in a patient with abnormal newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency and congenital lymphopenia
Authors: Scott Ori , Garkaby Jenny , Willett-Pachul Jessica , Mandola Amarilla B. , Merico Daniele , Pasternak Yehonatan 
Published: February 2021

Background: The Forkhead box protein N1 (FOXN1) is a key regulator of thymic epithelial development, and its complete deficiency leads to a nude-severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) phenotype. More recently, heterozygous mutations in FOXN1 have been linked with a syndrome of congenital lymphopenia and a wide clinical spectrum, with most cases being caused by missense mutations. Aim: To broaden the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of heterozygous FOXN1 deficiency. Methods: Case report of a patient with FOXN1 haploinsufficiency due to a novel splice-site mutation. Results: Our patient was identified at 3 weeks of life given an abnormal newborn screen (NBS) for SCID, and was found to have congenital lymphopenia preferentially affecting CD8+ T-cells. Her cellular and humoral function were both excellent, and she has remained entirely asymptomatic and thriving for the first 3 years of her life. The patient was found on whole exome sequencing to carry a heterozygous splice-site mutation in the FOXN1 gene, affecting the Forkhead domain. The mutation was also identified in her asymptomatic mother. Conclusion: Heterozygous FOXN1 mutations are an increasingly-recognized cause of congenital lymphopenia. Our experience suggests most patients remain clinically well, with main manifestation including T-lymphopenia, mostly affecting CD8+ cells. Identification of the same variant in an asymptomatic parent suggests age-dependent improvement in T-cell counts and an overall benign course, while provides impetus for diligent conservative management with regular follow-up. Statement of novelty: Heterozygous FOXN1 deficiency is a relatively new entity, attributed in most cases to missense mutations in FOXN1. To further expand the knowledge basis regarding this emerging disorder, as well as its genotypic repertoire, we herein report a case of heterozygous FOXN1 deficiency caused by a splice site mutation.
La doctrine kantienne du Faktum de la raison et la justification de la loi morale
Authors: Zapero David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
According to a widespread view, Kant abandons in the Critique of Practical Reason the attempt to justify the moral law. This paper argues against that view and presents a new interpretation of the doctrine that deals with the justification problem. The paper seeks not simply to affirm what the predominant view denies; it seeks instead to show that Kant’s argumentation isn’t an alternative that the predominant view allows for. On the predominant view, the impossibility of providing the relevant kind of proof, i.e. a transcendental deduction, amounts to the impossibility of providing a satisfactory justification. The paper shows that one thing doesn’t entail the other. Kant can resolve the justification problem without providing the relevant kind of proof because the mere exposition of that law already accomplishes what a proof would have accomplished. The purpose of the Fact of Reason is to point to the characteristic of the moral law – its particular relation to the act of willing –, which accounts for this convergence of exposition and justification. This new interpretation of the Fact of Reason sheds light both on the overall structure of the second Critique and on the second Critique’s relation to the Groundwork.
Efficacy of Alternative Forms of Creatine Supplementation on Improving Performance and Body Composition in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fazio Carly , Elder Craig L. , Harris Margaret M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Fazio, C, Elder, CL, and Harris, MM. Efficacy of alternative forms of creatine supplementation on improving performance and body composition in healthy subjects: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2663–2670, 2022—Novel forms of creatine have appeared in the marketplace with substantial claims of improved efficacy compared to creatine monohydrate (CrM). The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review on alternative forms of creatine to determine (a) whether they are effective ergogenic aids and (b) whether they outperform CrM. A separate comparison was conducted to determine average cost of various forms of creatine. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were systematically reviewed according to PRISMA guidelines. The design of the review was set to answer the PICOS model (subjects, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study design). Seventeen randomized placebo controlled clinical trials examining exercise performance outcomes and body composition were included in the analysis. Magnesium-creatine chelate and creatine citrate, malate, ethyl ester, nitrate, and pyruvate were the only forms researched in the literature. Of these studies, only 3 studies compared the alternative creatine form to CrM, making it difficult to compare efficacy to CrM. There were no consistent findings of performance enhancement among alternative forms of creatine when compared to placebo. A review of the marketplace shows that CrM is the lowest cost form of creatine. Due to the paucity of studies on alternative forms of creatine as well as high prices on the market of these alternative forms, CrM remains as the most extensively studied form of creatine that shows efficacy, safety, and lowest cost to consumer.
Cryotherapy on Subjective Sleep Quality, Muscle, and Inflammatory Response in Chinese Middle- and Long-Distance Runners After Muscle Damage
Authors: Qu Chaoyi , Wu Zhaozhao , Xu Minxiao , Lorenzo Santiago , Dong Yanan , Wang Zhongwei , Qin Fei , Zhao Jiexiu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Qu, C, Wu, Z, Xu, M, Lorenzo, S, Dong, Y, Wang, Z, Qin, F, and Zhao, J. Cryotherapy on subjective sleep quality, muscle, and inflammatory response in Chinese middle- and long-distance runners after muscle damage. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2883–2890, 2022—The purpose of this investigation was to explore the effects of cold-water immersion (CWI), contrast-water therapy (CWT), and whole-body cryotherapy (CRY) on subjective sleep quality, muscle damage markers, and inflammatory markers in middle- and long-distance runners after muscle damage. Twelve male runners from Beijing Sport University completed a muscle damage exercise protocol and were treated with different recovery methods (CWI, CWT, CRY, or control [CON]) immediately after exercise and at 24-, 48-, and 72-h postexercise. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire score, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, myoglobin (Mb) activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) activity, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) activity were measured at 7 time points (preexercise; immediately postexercise; and at 1-, 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-h postexercise). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores indicated that the CRY condition had improved sleep quality compared with the CON and CWI conditions (p < 0.05). In terms of LDH activity, the CRY and CWT conditions had improved recovery compared with the CON and CWI conditions (p < 0.05). In terms of Mb activity, the CRY condition exhibited improved recovery compared with that of the CON and CWI conditions (p < 0.05), and the CWT condition showed better recovery than that of the CON condition (p < 0.05). In terms of IL-6 activity, the CRY condition showed improved recovery compared with the CWI condition (p < 0.05). Finally, in terms of sICAM-1 activity, the CRY condition had enhanced recovery compared with the other 3 conditions (p < 0.05). The results from this study suggest that CRY improves subjective sleep quality and reduces muscle damage and inflammatory responses in middle- and long-distance runners. In addition, CWT reduced muscle damage and inflammatory responses, but its effects on the other parameters were inconclusive.
Enriched Environment Promotes Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis through FGFRs
Authors: Grońska-Pęski Marta , Gonçalves J. Tiago , Hébert Jean M. 
Published: February 2021

The addition of new neurons to existing neural circuits in the adult brain remains of great interest to neurobiology because of its therapeutic implications. The premier model for studying this process has been the hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice, where new neurons are added to mature circuits during adulthood. Notably, external factors such as an enriched environment (EE) and exercise markedly increase hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that EE acts by increasing fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) function autonomously within neurogenic cells to expand their numbers in adult male and female mice. FGFRs activated by EE signal through their mediators, FGFR substrate (FRS), to induce stem cell proliferation, and through FRS and phospholipase Cγ to increase the number of adult-born neurons, providing a mechanism for how EE promotes adult neurogenesis.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHow the environment we live in affects cognition remains poorly understood. In the current study, we explore the mechanism underlying the effects of an enriched environment on the production of new neurons in the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus, a brain area integral in forming new memories. A mechanism is provided for how neural precursor cells in the adult mammalian dentate gyrus respond to an enriched environment to increase their neurogenic output. Namely, an enriched environment acts on stem and progenitor cells by activating fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling through phospholipase Cγ and FGF receptor substrate proteins to expand the pool of precursor cells.
The Need for Composite Models of Music Perception
Authors: Smit Eline A. , Milne Andrew J. 
Published: February 2021

In the article “Consonance preferences within an unconventional tuning system,” Friedman and colleagues (2021) examine consonance ratings of a large range of dyads and triads from the Bohlen-Pierce chromatic just (BPCJ) scale. The study is designed as a replication of a recent paper by Bowling, Purves, and Gill (2018), which proposes that perception of consonance in dyads, triads, and tetrads can be predicted by their harmonic similarity to human vocalisations.In this commentary, we would like to correct some interpretations regarding Friedman et al.’s (2021) discussion of our paper (Smit, Milne, Dean, & Weidemann, 2019), as well as express some concerns regarding the statistical methods used. We also propose a stronger emphasis on the use of, as named by Friedman et al., composite models as a range of recent evidence strongly suggests that no single acoustic measure can fully predict the complex experience of consonance.
Determining minimal important change for the thyroid-related quality of life questionnaire ThyPRO
Authors: Nordqvist Selma Flora , Boesen Victor Brun , Rasmussen Åse Krogh , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Hegedüs Laszlo , Bonnema Steen Joop , Cramon Per Karkov , Watt Torquil , Groenvold Mogens , Bjorner Jakob Bue 
Published: February 2021

Objective
ThyPRO is the standard thyroid patient-reported outcome (PRO). The change in scores that patients perceive as important remains to be ascertained. The purpose of this study was to determine values for minimal important change (MIC) for ThyPRO.

Methods
A total of 435 patients treated for benign thyroid diseases completed ThyPRO at baseline and 6 weeks following treatment initiation. At 6 weeks follow-up, patients also completed Global Rating of Change items. For each 0–100 scale, two MIC values were identified: An MIC for groups, using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method and an MIC for individual patients, using the Reliable Change Index.

Results
ROC analyses provided group-MIC estimates of 6.3–14.3 (score range 0–100). Evaluation of area under the curve (AUC) supported the robustness for 9 of 14 scales (AUC > 0.7). Reliable Change Index estimates of individual-MIC were 8.0–21.1. For all scales but two, the individual-MIC values were larger than the group-MIC values.

Conclusions
Interpretability of ThyPRO was improved by the establishment of MIC values, which was 6.3–14.3 for groups and 8.0–21.1 for individuals. Thus, estimates of which changes are clinically relevant, are now available for future studies. We recommend using MIC values found by ROC analyses to evaluate changes in groups of patients, whereas MIC values identified by a dual criterion, including the reliability of changes, should be used for individual patients, for example, to identify individual responders in clinical studies or practice.
Justiça militar brasileira: persecução contra civis negros, pobres e favelados em operação de garantia da lei e da ordem no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Folena de Oliveira Jorge Rubem 
Published: February 2021

Os militares exercem forte influência na vida política brasileira desde a proclamação da República, em 1889. A Justiça Militar, que deveria julgar exclusivamente militares em tempo de paz, ao longo da História do Brasil tem sido empregada para condenar civis, inclusive por razões de perseguição política. Nos últimos anos tem sido constatada a condenação de civis, moradores de comunidades faveladas do Rio de Janeiro, por parte da Justiça Militar, em razão de alegada prática de crimes de desobediência negros e favelados no Rio de Janeiro), por parte da Justiça militar, em operações de cumprimento da Lei e da Ordem, por enquadramento nos crimes de desobediência e desacato praticados contra militares. A investigação ocorreu por meio de análise qualitativa de acórdãos do Superior Tribunal Militar, entre os anos de 2011 a 2019, em condenações por desobediência e desacato, no curso de operações de Garantia da Lei e da Ordem empregadas contra moradores de comunidades faveladas do Rio de Janeiro, que se insurgiram contra a atuação policial das Forças Armadas. e desacato no curso de operações de garantia da lei e da ordem. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o processamento de civis (na maioria pobres, negros e favelados no Rio de Janeiro), por parte da Justiça militar, em operações de cumprimento da Lei e da Ordem, por enquadramento nos crimes de desobediência e desacato praticados contra militares. A investigação ocorreu por meio de análise qualitativa de acórdãos do Superior Tribunal Militar, entre os anos de 2011 a 2019, em condenações por desobediência e desacato, no curso de operações de Garantia da Lei e da Ordem empregadas contra moradores de comunidades faveladas do Rio de Janeiro, que se insurgiram contra a atuação policial das Forças Armadas.
Application for Lecturer Recruitment Using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method Case Study: Tanri Abeng University Jakarta
Authors: Larasati Pramitha Dwi , Irawan Ari 
Published: February 2021

In the selection of acceptance of lecturers at a university can be done when the selected applicants have a good competence in accordance with they’re background because this can affect the teaching service. Lecturers who have good competence has the ability for understanding the subject matter that in line with the background, extensive pieces of knowledge, be able to speak English both oral and written and be able to provide a positive example and teaching methods that are easily understood by students. This can provide a good image for the university because the selected lecturers have a good potential. To help determine the acceptance of lecturers then we needed a decision support system. One method that can be used for Decision Support System is using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). This method is chosen because it is able to select the best alternative from a number of alternatives, in this case, the intended alternative is to determine the acceptance of lecturers
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI E-SERTIFIKAT BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGEMBANGAN WATERFALL
Authors: Samala Agariadne Dwinggo , Fajri Bayu Ramadhani 
Published: February 2021

Certification is a determination given by a professional organization to someone to show that the person has competence, is able to do a specific job or task. Quality Assurance and Learning Development Institute Universitas Negeri Padang (LP3M UNP) currently still issues paper-based certificates manually for each training activity. Issuance of certificates manually turned out to be quite time consuming and inefficient. Then the absence of a verification system that can check the authenticity and ownership of certificates can provide opportunities for certificate forgery. So, it is very important to design and build a web-based electronic certificate application (e-certificate) that is able to generate certificates online and be able to verify the authenticity and ownership of the electronic certificates. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach. This type of development method uses the waterfall approach. At the system design stage using the Unified Modeling Language (UML), and for the database using MySQL. The results of this study are web-based e-certificate applications that are designed successfully to support the process of generating and verifying the authenticity and ownership of electronic certificates online. Based on the results of testing the system with the black box method also shows that all the functionality of the e-certificate application that is designed to run very well and in accordance with user needs.