bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sifat Fisik Wafer Berbahan Silase Limbah Sayur Kol dengan Jenis Kemasan dan Komposisi Konsentrat yang Berbeda
Authors: Harahap Anwar Efendi , Adelina Triani , Ali Arsyadi , Mucra Dewi Ananda , Ramadani Dini 
Published: June 2021

This research aims to know the physical quality of color, aroma, texture, density, and absorption of water and know the best type of packaging in wafers resulting from vegetable waste silage cabbage. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) factorial pattern (4×2) with 2 replication. Factor A consists of concentrate composition, A0=silage of cabbage waste 100% : A1= silage of cabbage waste 75% + 25% rice bran: A2 = silage of cabbage waste 50% + 50% rice bran : A3 = silage of cabbage waste 25% + 75% rice bran and factor B consists of B0 = Bag packaging type and B1=Plastic sack packaging type. Observed parameters include color, aroma, texture, density and water absorption. The results showed that there was interaction (P>0.01) between different types of packaging and substrate composition. No interaction (P>0.05) color, density, water absorption and texture. The composition factor of the substrate has a effect (P<0.01) on color, aroma and texture, but has no effect (P>0.05) on water density and absorption. Packaging type factors have a noticeable effect (P<0.01) on color and aroma, but have no effect (P>0.05) on density, water absorption and texture. It can be concluded that the treatment that gives the best results is the substrate composition of 25% cabbage vegetable waste + 75% rice bran and the type of jute bag packaging for 14 days of storage can maintain the physical quality of the wafer resulting from the silage of cabbage vegetable waste
Association of ABO Blood Groups with Craniofacial Morphology among Orthodontic Patients in Selected Private Clinics of Kathmandu
Authors: Gupta Sanjay P 
Published: June 2021

Introduction The craniofacial morphology and blood groups both are related to genetic components, hence it can be hypothesized that blood groups have an association with craniofacial morphology. Some studies showed the relationship whereas others could not find any relationship in different population. The aim of this study was to find out the relationship between ABO blood groups and craniofacial morphology among orthodontic patients of Kathmandu district.
MethodsIn this cross sectional analytical study, 385 participants (age range from 13-45 years) were selected among the orthodontic patients who came for orthodontic treatment in private orthodontic clinics. After obtaining written consent, all the patient’s demographic information were recorded and lateral cephalograms were obtained from the patient’s record. Blood group of all the participants was recorded.
ResultsAmong 385 participants, 162 (42.07%) were male while 223 (57.93%) were female and the mean age was 16.31±4.38 years. Twenty cephalometric parameters depicting craniofacial morphology were digitally analyzed using lateral cephalograms. The prevalence of blood group O patients was highest (32.20%) followed by blood group B (30.64%), blood group A (29.88%) and blood group AB (7.28%). Statistical analysis with ANOVA revealed nine out of twenty cephalometric parameters were statistically significant among different blood groups (p<0.05). Tukey post hoc test was done to find out the difference among the groups.
ConclusionThe evaluation of relationship between blood group and craniofacial morphology revealed that blood groups have association with some craniofacial parameters. This suggests, there may be some genetic influence of ABO blood group on craniofacial morphology.
Outcomes of Children Presenting with Button Battery in Esophagus: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Gyawali Bigyan R , Sharma Guragain Rajendra P , Neupane Yogesh , Dutta Heempali , Shrestha Lava , Pradhananga Rabindra B 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Foreign body in esophagus is a common ENT emergency. Button batteries tend to have more grievous outcomes due to caustic mucosal injury to the esophagus. The objective of our study was to review the clinical profile and outcomes of the paediatric population in our center who presented with button battery in esophagus following accidental ingestion.
MethodsThis was a retrospective study conducted in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Hospital records of all the patients who presented with button battery esophagus and underwent rigid oesophagoscopic removal from January 2013 to January 2019 were reviewed and analyzed for patient demographics, time interval between ingestion and presentation, site of impaction, status of oesophageal mucosa at the time of rigid oesophagoscopic removal of the battery, early post-operative complications, outcomes at the time of discharge and on follow-up.
ResultsOur final sample size was 11 and all cases were <15 years. The average duration from time of ingestion to presentation to our hospital ranged from 1 day to 2 months. Variable oesophageal mucosal findings such as superficial mucosal erosion, superficial ulcer with slough and granulations with deep discrete ulcer were seen at the site of impaction of the button battery. One case was diagnosed with bilateral abductor palsy on 10th post-operative day following rigid oesophagoscopic removal of the battery. All other cases didn’t develop any significant complications.
ConclusionButton battery in esophagus results in oesophageal ulceration and thus warrants an early endoscopic removal. Delayed removal can also cause bilateral abductor palsy from the caustic damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Comparison of Nepalese and Swedish Patients with Colorectal Cancer Regarding Tumor Suppressor Methylation in Tumor and Mucosa Samples
Authors: Ghimire Bikal , Kurlberg Goran , Singh Yogendra P , Wettergren Yvonne 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common with wide variation in incidence. However, the incidence in younger adults is showing an increasing trend with rectal preponderance. Such cases appear to present in advanced stage with poorly differentiated histopathology and the trend is stronger in developing countries. The aim of the study was to compare the MLH1 and in matched mucosa and tumor samples obtained from the large gut of Nepalese and Swedish patients with CRC.
MethodsPatients diagnosed and operated for CRC at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal (n=39) matched for age with those operated at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden (n=39) were included in the study. Demographics and clinicopathological data were compared. The tissue methylation status was compared in the Nepalese and Swedish populations and correlated to clinicopathological data.
ResultsThere were 56% men and 44% women in the study. Their mean age was 53 years with a range of 20 to 78 years. Colon cancer amounted to 70% and 60% in the Nepalese and Swedish patients respectively and the majority of lesions were on the right colon. The colorectal cancer was commonly of stage III (52% and 38%) in the Nepalese and Swedish group respectively. Most of the tumors were well differentiated (41%) in the Nepalese population where as in Swedish patients it the differentiation was medium to low (52% and 11%). Methylation of MLH gene, in different CpG sites, when analyzed independently, showed that in about 18-20% of the cases, the degree of methylation is significantly higher in tumor tissue as compared to sites at least 10 cm away from the lesion.
ConclusionColon cancer is more common in men in Nepal with predominantly more on the right colon. Most of them present in advanced stage with higher MLH1 methylation.
Knowledge and Self-Care Practice on Hypertension among Hypertensive Patients in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Kathmandu
Authors: Satyal Geeta K , Rai Lalita , Gautam Roshani , Dangol Bhuvan K , Shakya Rajina 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Hypertension is a public health challenge and major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the developing as well as developed countries. The successful management of hypertension depends upon patient’s knowledge on hypertension and self-care practices.
MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the knowledge and self-care practice on hypertension among 212 hypertensive patients attending in outpatient department of Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center (MCVTC). Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Data was collected through face-to-face interview by using structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.
ResultsThis study showed that 57.5% of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge on hypertension and 57.1% of the respondents had good overall self-care practice. Regarding self-care practice, we found 100% medicine adherence, 85.8% respondents avoided alcohol and 84.9% avoided smoking, 50.9% followed weight management practice, 48.6% followed dietary management and 44.8% performed physical activity. Level of knowledge was significantly associated with age, gender, educational status and occupation. Self-care practice was only significantly associated with educational status. Level of knowledge and self-care practice were significantly positively correlated.
ConclusionMore than half of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge. Regarding self-care practice, nearly sixty percent of the respondents had good self-care practice. To bring those rates to higher level, awareness programs should be launched about diseases and self-care practice on hypertension.
Outcome of Acute Burn Injuries in a Tertiary Care Centre of Kathmandu Nepal
Authors: Devkota Manish , Sharma Samit , Rayamajhi Sangam , Shrestha Jayan M , Lohani Ishwar 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Burn injuries are associated with higher morbidity and mortality especially in middle and low-income countries. The objective of the study is to assess the outcome of acute burn injuries in a tertiary care center of Kathmandu, Nepal.
MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study of the clinical data of acute burn patients admitted from January 2016-December 2018.
ResultsOut of 124 patients with burn injuries, there were more females (n=65, 52.4 %) than males (n=59, 47.6%). Flame burn was the most common mode of injury (n=71,57.3 %) followed by scald (n=22,17.7 %). Thirty-eight (30.6%) patients arrived to hospital on the same day of injury. The average time required to reach our hospital was 24 hours. The most frequently involved site was lower extremities (n=40, 32.26%) followed by upper extremities (n=33, 26.62%). Total body surface area (TBSA) involved in the burn injury ranges from 10% to 50% with a median of 15%. Hospital stay was 14 to 58 days with a median of 17 days. Partial thickness burn was seen in 114 (91.94%) patients whereas 10 (8.06%) patients had full thickness burn. Surgical intervention was needed in 71 (57.26%) patients. Among 71 patients, 12 patients underwent surgery twice. Fifty-two (41.94%) patients were managed conservatively. The mortality rate was 4.03%.
ConclusionAdult female population is at high risk for burn injuries mostly due to flame burn. Delay in reaching care has also contributed for poor outcome of burn injuries. Majority of burn injury patients needed surgical intervention and hence improvement in surgical aspects can lead to better outcome of burn injuries.Keywords:
Pediatric Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in a Peripheral Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
Authors: Gupta Dipesh K , Jaiswal Deepak 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Pediatric nephrolithiasis though uncommon, poses clinical management dilemma due to anatomical and physiological factors. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is well established in adults and miniaturization of the instruments has helped to expand its indication for uses in pediatric population with equivalent results. The aim of our study is to evaluate the application of the procedure in our settings.
MethodsThis was a retrospective study done at Nepalgunj Medical College teaching hospital from June 2017 to April 2020. Total of 75 patients with 76 renal units under 18 year of age were evaluated. PCNL was done in prone position in all patients using fluoroscopy for initial puncture and subsequently for clearance. The size of the tract varying from 15 Fr to 24 Fr was decided based on the degree of hydronephrosis.
ResultsMean stone volume was 372 mm2. With mean operative time of 58 min, 96% of stone clearance rate was achieved. Mini PCNL was done in most of the cases. Single tract was used in 84% cases mostly with subcostal puncture. Major complications were pelvic perforation in 4% cases and two patients required restaging.
ConclusionPCNL in pediatric population is safe with good stone free rate with minimal complications. Application of miniaturized instruments has further improved the outcome with comparable morbidity.
Short Term Outcome of Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in a Tertiary Care Cardiac Center
Authors: Shrestha Hemant , Gajurel Ratna M , Poudel Chandra M , Thapa Sanjeev , Sayami Arun 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Acute ST Elevation Myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a cardiovascular emergency and is associated with significant adverse short and long-term outcome. The objective of this study was to determine the short-term outcome in terms of heart failure, myocardial reinfarction, stroke, hospital readmission and mortality in patients admitted with STEMI
MethodsIt was a prospective observational study conducted at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center, Kathmandu from May 2014 to April 2015. All patients admitted with diagnosis of STEMI during study period were enrolled. Patients were treated on the basis of existing guidelines. Mode of management, adverse outcomes and mortality of patients during the study period were evaluated. The discharged patients were followed up for 30 days. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 20. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Institute of Medicine.
ResultsThe median duration of presentation was 20 hours, and only 40% of the patients presented within 12 hours of symptom onset. Primary PCI was performed in 50 (33%), thrombolysis was performed in 29(19%) and conservative medical management was done in 72 (48%) patients. Overall outcome occurred in 52 (37.7%) patients. In hospital and 30 day mortality was 14 (9.2%) and 17 (11%) respectively. Heart failure was present in 28(18.5%), myocardial reinfarction 8 (5%), stroke 4 (2.6%), and hospital readmission was 18 (12%). Conservatively treated patients had significantly more adverse outcomes (p=0.02). More patients in conservatively managed group had hospital readmission. (p=0.04)
ConclusionThere were more overall adverse outcomes in conservatitley managed group which is mainly due to more hospital readmission.
USE OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL AS BIO-ADSORBENT FOR TREAMENT OF RESIDUAL WATERS: A REVIEW
Authors: Ferreira Lucélio Mendes , Melo Rafael Rodolfo de 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: Adsorption is gaining attention by becoming one of the most used technologies for the removal of contaminants from water. Adsorption with activated charcoal (AC) is an efficient method for treatment of effluents; the main advantage of AC production is the use of residues that would be inappropriate discarded. The objective of this work was to gather and organize the information available about the potential of using activated charcoal as a bio-adsorbent. Researches were conducted on scientific articles about the production of activated charcoal with adsorption characteristics for the removal of contaminants from residual waters. The efficiency of this technique is dependent on different parameters that affect the adsorption process, such as: pH of the solution, dye initial concentration, contact time, adsorbent amount, and temperature. The articles studied showed that the bio-adsorbent characteristics of charcoals are promising for the removal of pollutants from residual waters. The isotherm adsorption models developed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) are often used to evaluate the adsorption capacity of activated charcoals.
Keywords: industrial effluents; contaminants; environmental management.

Emprego do carvão ativado como bioadsorvente para o tratamento de águas residuais: uma revisão

RESUMO: A adsorção vem ganhando destaque com uma das tecnologias mais empregadas na remoção de contaminantes em águas. No tratamento de efluentes, a adsorção com carvão ativado (CA) apresenta-se como um método eficiente. A principal vantagem da produção de CA é o aproveitamento de resíduos que seriam descartados de forma inadequada. O objetivo desta pesquisa é organizar algumas informações disponíveis com relação ao potencial do carvão ativado como bioadsorvente. Foram realizadas pesquisas em periódicos sobre produção de carvão ativado com características adsortivas na remoção de contaminantes em águas residuais. A eficácia dessa técnica sob diferentes parâmetros influencia no processo de adsorção, tais como: pH da solução, concentração inicial do corante, tempo de contato, quantidade do adsorvente e temperatura. Em todos os artigos estudados, as características dos carvões como bioadsorventes se mostraram promissores no processo para remoção de poluentes em águas residuais. Conclui-se que os modelos de isotermas de adsorção desenvolvidos por Langmuir, Freundlich e BET são frequentemente utilizados para avaliar a capacidade de adsorção dos carvões ativados.
Palavras-chave: efluentes industriais; contaminantes; gestão ambiental.
Assessment of Genetic Variability and Correlation of Yield Components of Elite Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Debsharma SK , Disha RF , Ahmed MME , Khatun M , Ibrahim M , Aditya TL 
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted to evaluate the extent of variability among the elite rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for yield and yield components. Sixteen elite rice genotypes were evaluated for yield and yield contributing characters in Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station, Satkhira. Highest grain yield (t ha-1) was observed in BR(Bio)8333-BC5-2-16, which was followed by BR16, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan58 and BRRI dhan29. BR7671-37-2-2-37-3-P3 had the highest number of grains per panicle with minimum thousand grain weight. Correlation analysis revealed that the number of panicles per plant (0.301), days to 50% flowering (0.606) and grain yield per plant (0.393) had the significantly positive contribution to grain yield. After evaluation of yield components, four genotypes namely BR(Bio)8333-BC5-1-20, BR(Bio)8333-BC5-2-16, BR(Bio)8333- BC5-2-22 and BR(Bio)8333-BC5-3-10 were selected as outstanding genotypes, which can be used as potential breeding materials for variety development or in the crossing program to enrich the rice gene pool in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 21-29, 2020
Elucidation of Genotype × Environment Interaction for Identification of Stable Genotypes to Grain Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties in Bangladesh Rainfed Condition
Authors: Debsharma SK , Roy PR , Begum RA , Iftekharuddaula KM 
Published: June 2021

The research was evaluated in seven ecological zones throughout the country following randomized complete block design with three replications in each location. The combined analysis of variance for grain yield indicated that the differences among all sources of variation were highly significant (P<0.01). Environment (E), Genotype (G) and G × E interaction effects explained by 25.54%, 17.02% and 48.97% for inbred and 35.26%, 17.03%, 31.23% for hybrid of the total sum of square, respectively. Locations E2 (Chattogram); E3 (Dhaka) for inbred and E2 (Chattogram); E4 (Khulna); E5 (Rajshahi); E7 (Sylhet) for hybrid varieties were found most discriminating and more informative among all. Ideal environment was found in E6 (Rangpur) for inbred and E4 (Khulna) for hybrid varieties. According to GGE mean and stability biplot, the most stable genotypes were G18 (BRRI dhan34); G26 (BRRI dhan52); G28 (BRRI dhan57); G19 (BRRI dhan37); G13 (BR25); G27 (BRRI dhan56); G21 (BRRI dhan39) for inbred and G2 (BADC hybrid dhan-2); G4 (BADC hybrid dhan-6); G5 (Bayer hybrid dhan-4) for hybrid compared to the other genotypes. The ideal genotypes were found G18 (BRRI dhan34) for inbred and G26 (BRRI hybrid dhan6) for hybrid varieties. In summary, we identified stable genotypes adapted across the environments for grain yield. These genotypes can be used as commercial cultivation with sustainable production as well as a parent/pre-breeding material in future rice breeding program.
Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 59-71, 2020
Proton charge radius
Authors: Khabarova K Yu , Kolachevsky N N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The so-called proton charge radius puzzle was one of the challenging problems in physics in the last decade. A significant (at the level of four standard deviations (4σ)) difference between the values of the root-mean-square proton charge radius measured in normal and muonic hydrogen has kindled lively discussions among both experimentalists and theoreticians specializing in quantum electrodynamics. The problem becomes even more glaring (up to 7σ) if data on the scattering of electrons on protons are taken into account. We review various methods that enable measurement of the proton charge radius, analyze the origin of the disagreement, and present results of recent experiments that aim at resolving this puzzle.
BCAT1 Activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Contributes to the Angiogenesis and Tumorigenicity of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Shu Xiong , Zhan Pan-Pan , Sun Li-Xin , Yu Long , Liu Jun , Sun Li-Chao , Yang Zhi-Hua , Ran Yu-Liang , Sun Yue-Min 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundFocusing on antiangiogenesis may provide promising choices for treatment of gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of BCAT1 in the pathogenesis of GC, particularly in angiogenesis.MethodsBioinformatics and clinical samples analysis were used to investigate the expression and potential mechanism of BCAT1 in GC. BGC823 cells with BCAT1 overexpression or silencing were induced by lentiviral transduction. Cell phenotypes and angiogenesis were evaluated. The relevant proteins were quantized by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. Xenograft models were constructed to confirm the role of BCAT1 in vivo.ResultsBCAT1 was overexpressed in GC patients and associated with lower survival. BCAT1 expression was correlated with proliferation-, invasion-, or angiogenesis-related markers expression and pathways. Silencing BCAT1 expression suppressed cell viability, colony formation, cycle progression, invasion, and angiogenesis of BGC823 cells, as well as the tumor growth of xenograft models, whereas overexpressing BCAT1 had the opposite results both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and Western blotting demonstrated that BCAT1 activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The addition of LY294002 reversed the tumor growth induced by BCAT1 overexpression, further verifying this mechanism.ConclusionBCAT1 might act as an oncogene by facilitating proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This finding could aid the optimization of antiangiogenesis strategies.