bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Shelf Life of Vegetable Oils Blend by Using Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract as Antioxidant
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Ullah Ansar , Idnan Muhammad , Ali Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

The antioxidant activity of ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaf extract for oxidative stabilisation of canola, sunflower and soybean oils was investigated at ambient temperature. The blend was prepared by mixing canola, sunflower and soybean oils in equal proportions. Ethanolic M. oleifera leaf extract was incorporated into vegetable oils blend at three different concentrations; 300, 600 and 900 ppm (T1, T2 and T3), compared with a control and the sample added with 100 ppm tertiary butylated hydroxyl quinine (TBHQ) was used as a positive control. Filled in one litre transparent PET bottles, kept at room tempera- ture (35-40 °C) for 3 months and sampled at 0 and 90 days for the assessment of oxidative stability. Peroxide value of three months stored blank, T3 and TBHQ supplemented samples were 2.25, 0.84 and 0.78 (meqO2/kg). Induction period of blank, T3 and TBHQ supplemented vegetable oils blend was 3.46, 7.95 and 8.57 h. Peroxide value of blank, T3 and TBHQ supplemented vegetable oils blend, after 5 days at 63 °C, was 7.55, 2.81 and 2.59 (meqO2/kg).
Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Terminalia catappa, Momordica charantia and Acalypha wilkesiana on Escherichia coli Isolated from Pediatrics
Authors: Adeyemi Ajenifuja Oluwafemi , Adeyinka Ajibade Victor , Olawande Fajilade Temilade 
Published: June 2021

Antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of Terminalia catappa, Momordica charantia and Acalypha wilkesiana was investigated against Escherichia coli isolated from pediatrics with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.5mg/mL by agar dilution technique. The antibacterial potency of the extracts as evaluated by broth dilution technique, showed diameter of inhibition zone of 22.80 mm, 14.20 mm and 21.00 mm at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL for T. catappa, M. charantia and A. wilkesiana, respectively. The antibacterial effect of T. catappa was found to be more pronounced with its plausible use for the treatment of infections caused by E. coli.
Characterisation and Identification of Taraxerol and Taraxer-14-en-3-one from Jatropha tanjorensis (Ellis and Saroja) Leaves
Authors: Oladoye Sunday Olusegun , Ayodele Ezekiel Temidayo , Hammed Misbaudeen Abdul- , Idowu Olajumoke Tolulope 
Published: June 2021

Jatropha tanjorensis leaves were collected, air dried and pulverised. The pulverised sample was extracted with solvents (n-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol) of varying polarity to obtain the crude extracts.Repeated column and thin layer chromatographic separation of the crude extracts afforded two compounds which were characterised by their IR, MS, 1H and 13C-NMR spectral data. Comparison of the data withliterature confirmed the compounds to be taraxerol and taraxer-14-en-3-one.
Automated Method for Delineating Watershed, Drainage Pattern and Calculation of Flow Accumulation in Punjab Province using Digital Elevation Model
Authors: Zamir Umair bin , Kazmi Jamil Hassan 
Published: June 2021

Delineation of the watershed and drainage is among the prior requirement of any organised hydrological study. Delineating watershed is important for elucidating the geo-hydrological conditions of any geographical space. This study aims to explore the vitality of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data in calculating the flow accumulation, flow length, drainage pattern and watershed basin delineation of Punjab as well as elevational profiling district wise and delineating the catchment density. The potential hydrological system developed is based on 1 arc second Aster GDEM data. Depression less DEM is developed by filling process. Furthermore flow accumulation, drainage pattern and watershed is demarcated on the basis of derived stream channels. This study presents the effectiveness of DEM data for hydrological studies and introduces a better method of water management in Punjab province of Pakistan.
The Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Aflatoxin B1 Residue, and Histopathological Changes of Broilers Exposed to Dietary Mycosorb
Authors: Nalle C L. , Supit M. A. J. , Angi A. H. , Yuliani N. S. 
Published: June 2021

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most dangerous type of aflatoxin that can impair poultry productivity even in low concentrations. The harmful effects of AFB1 should be minimized. The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance, nutrient digestibility, AFB1 residue, and histopathological changes of broilers fed AFB1 diets supplemented with mycosorb. Two hundred-forty 1-day old broiler chicks were allocated randomly to 24 pens (10 birds/pen). The experimental design was a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, with AFB1 level and yeast glucomannan (mycosorb) supplementation as the main factors. The treatment diets were control diet; control diet + mycosorb; AFB1 diets (10.36 ppb); AFB1 diets (10.36 ppb) + mycosorb; AFB1 diets (26.97 ppb); AFB1 diets (26.97 ppb) + mycosorb; AFB1 diets (61.06 ppb); AFB1 diets (61.06 ppb) + mycosorb. The results showed that there was no interaction effect was found between the level of AFB1 and mycosorb on the performance and nutrient digestibility. The level of AFB1 did not affect dry matter digestibility coefficient but affected (p<0.05) crude fat digestibility coefficient of broilers. Except for proventriculus, level of AFB1 did not affect bird’s gut size. AFB1 residue was not detected in the broiler tissues fed all diets. Mycosorb alone ameliorated (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) of growing birds. The birds fed 61.06 ppb AFB1 diets had darker liver than those fed similar diets added with mycosorb. The addition of mycosorb in AFB1 diets did not heal the hemorrhagic intestines of the birds. In conclusion, feeding low level of AFB1 diets added with mycosorb did not improve the bird’s performance, nutrient digestibility, or gut health. Mycosorb alone improved feed efficiency of the experimental birds.
Udział czynników endokrynnych i komórek macierzystych w regeneracji mięśni szkieletowych*
Authors: Morawin Barbara , Zembroń-Łacny Agnieszka 
Published: June 2021

Streszczenie
Proces odbudowy uszkodzonych mięśni szkieletowych obejmuje cztery fazy: degeneracji, odpowiedzi zapalnej i immunologicznej, regeneracji oraz reorganizacji, regulowanych przez wiele cząsteczek o charakterze immuno-endokrynnym oddziałujących na komórki mięśniowe oraz komórki macierzyste mięśni. Do tych cząsteczek należy testosteron (T), który wiążąc się z wewnątrzkomórkowym receptorem androgenowym inicjuje ekspresję mięśniowej izoformy insulinopodobnego czynnika wzrostu 1 (IGF-1Ec). Współdziałanie T i IGF-1Ec stymuluje wzrost i regenerację mięśni z powodu zahamowania apoptozy, nasilenia proliferacji i róż-nicowania SCs. W wyniku starzenia się, dystrofii mięśniowych lub chorób wyniszczających liczba SCs ulega znacznemu obniżeniu. Regularny wysiłek fizyczny zapobiega jej obniżeniu i tym samym podwyższa potencjał regeneracyjny mięśni zarówno u młodych, jak i starszych osób. Jednym z wyzwań współczesnej medycyny jest możliwość wykorzystania komórek macierzystych oraz podłoży imitujących macierz zewnątrzkomórkową w medycynie regeneracyjnej i molekularnej, zwłaszcza w chorobach degeneracyjnych i pourazowej rekonstrukcji mięśni szkieletowych. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie aktualnych informacji na temat molekularnych i komórkowych mechanizmów regeneracji mięśni szkieletowych, roli testosteronu i czynników wzrostu w aktywacji SCs oraz możliwości ich terapeutycznego wykorzystania w stymulacji odbudowy uszkodzonych włókien mięśniowych.
A Non-Pharmacologic Approach to Manage Behaviours in Confused Medically Ill Older Adults in Acute Care
Authors: Dasgupta Monidipa , Beker Lyndsay , Schlegel Kim , Hillier Loretta M. , Joworski Lisa , Crunican Karli , Coulter Corrine 
Published: June 2021

Background
Non-pharmacological interventions are recommended to manage challenging behaviours among cognitively impaired older adults, however few studies have enrolled patients in acute care. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of implementing non-pharmacological interventions to manage behaviours in hospitalized older adults.
Method
A self-identity approach was used to identify potentially engaging activities for 13 older medically ill adults admitted to acute hospital; these activities were trialed for a two-week period. Data were collected on frequency of intervention administration and assistance required, as well as frequency of behaviours and neuroleptic use in the seven days prior to and following the trial of activities.
Results
Per participant, 5–11 interventions were prescribed. Most frequently interventions were tried two or more times (46%); 9% were not tried at all. Staff or family assistance was not required for 27% of activities. The mean number of documented behaviours across participants was 4.8 ± 2.3 in the pre-intervention period and 2.1 ± 1.9 in the post-intervention period. Overall the interventions were feasible and did not result in increasing neuroleptic use
Conclusion
Non-pharmacologic interventions may be feasible to implement in acute care. More research in this area is justified.
Factors Associated with a Label of Failure to Cope in Older Medical Inpatients: a Case-Control Study*
Authors: Burrell Alishya , Chahine Saad , Diachun Laura L. 
Published: June 2021

Background
The term failure to cope (FTC) is often used to dismissively describe hospitalized older adults. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with receiving a label of FTC.
Methods
Age-matched, case-control study with electronic and paper chart review identifying patient characteristics and admis­sion details.
Results
One hundred eighty-five patients 70 years of age or older ad­mitted to a general medicine team over two years: 99 patients with the label of FTC and 86 controls. No patients labelled with FTC came from long-term care. Characteristics associ­ated with a label of FTC included living alone (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.9-7.8), falls (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.9-7.8), rehospitalization (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.7-8.0), and living in an independent dwell­ing (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0-5.5). A higher number of chronic medications was associated with a lower likelihood of being labelled with FTC (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.0).
Conclusions
The results suggest that FTC is a label based predominantly on social factors and has no role in a medical assessment. The patient’s home setting was the key factor in being labelled with FTC, most medical factors did not play a significant role, and a pervasive language of blame was present.
Compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) cuticulares em <i>Thyrinteina arnobia</i> (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: Almeida Camila Alexandre Cavalcante de , Gonçalves Fernanda da Silva , Rodrigues Matheus Barros , Andrade Anderson Bruno Anacleto de , Santos Jakeline Maria dos , Breda Mariana Oliveira , Santana Antônio Euzébio Goulart 
Published: June 2021

A lagarta-parda do eucalipto, Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), vem sendo relatada de forma significativa em povoamentos florestais. A importância econômica de Thyrinteina arnobia para o setor florestal na atualidade evidencia a necessidade da consolidação do Manejo Integrado de Pragas Florestais (MIP Floresta), incluindo métodos de monitoramento e controle através de semioquímicos, como o emprego de feromônios. Os compostos químicos voláteis (COVs) em substâncias cuticulares de insetos podem contribuir na regulação da interação entre os indivíduos, sendo objeto de estudo da ecologia química. Dessa forma, objetivou-se realizar uma prospecção dos compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) cuticulares em Thyrinteina arnobia e avaliar o papel desses compostos como possíveis feromônios de curta distância. Para o estudo químico de substâncias feromonais, foi realizada a extração de compostos cuticulares (asas e pernas) em Thyrinteina arnobia de machos e fêmeas. Os extratos obtidos foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa com detector de ionização de chamas (GC-FID). Foi realizado um espectro de ação por meio da eletroantenografia acoplada à cromatografia gasosa (CG-EAG) dos extratos de asas e pernas de fêmeas virgens sobre a antena de machos de Thyrinteina arnobia. Contudo, não foi possível observar diferença significativa nas respostas das antenas de machos a nenhum dos estímulos oferecidos. Assim, é possível inferir que Thyrinteina arnobia não faz uso de compostos cuticulares para reconhecimento a curta distância, sendo necessários estudos complementares de comportamento sexual, incluindo observação de corte e cópula.
Vozes de Professores: Política Municipal de Alfabetização de Manaus em Debate
Authors: Camargo Raiolanda Magalhães Pereira de , Oliveira Selma Suely Baçal 
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados parciais das ações do movimento de resistência denominado Política Municipal de Alfabetização de Manaus em debate, organizado por professores da Educação Infantil, dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, pedagogos da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Manaus (SEMED), Sindicato dos Trabalhadores em Educação do Estado do Amazonas (SINTEAM), professores e pesquisadores da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal do Amazonas diante da Minuta de Lei da Política Municipal de Alfabetização, apresentada pela SEMED/Manaus. O estudo partiu da análise proposta na Minuta, considerando seu aspecto teórico-metodológico, bem como do contexto de sua apresentação (em uma pandemia da COVID-19), tempo destinado para análise e ausência de representatividade de profissionais da educação nas discussões. A proposta da SEMED se alinha às proposituras do Decreto Federal n° 9.765, de 11 de abril de 2019, que institui a Política Nacional de Alfabetização, que neste estudo também será analisada, à luz das considerações críticas, que apontam seus limites e problemas conceituais, epistemológicos, políticos, pedagógicos e metodológicos levantados pelos principais pesquisadores brasileiros no campo da alfabetização e discutidos no Dossiê “Política Nacional de Alfabetização em foco: olhares de professores e pesquisadores”, organizado pela Associação Brasileira de Alfabetização. Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade do fortalecimento de uma ação coletiva com participação de representantes das universidades, associações científicas, professores e outros representantes da sociedade civil brasileira para o surgimento de políticas educacionais que considerem as experiências em andamento, as vozes dos professores e o desejo da escuta de suas reais necessidades, emancipação e valorização docente.
Air pollutants and outpatient visits for influenza-like illness in Beijing, China
Authors: Li Xiaoguang , Xu Jie , Wang Wei , Liang Jing-Jin , Deng Zhong-Hua , Du Juan , Xie Ming-Zhu , Wang Xin-Rui , Liu Yaqiong , Cui Fuqiang , Lu Qing-Bin 
Published: June 2021

Background
Air pollution leads to many adverse health conditions, mainly manifested by respiratory or cardiac symptoms. Previous studies are limited as to whether air pollutants were associated to influenza-like illness (ILI). This study aimed to explore the association between air pollutants and outpatient visits for ILI, especially during an outbreak of influenza.

Methods
Daily counts of hospital visits for ILI were obtained from Peking University Third Hospital between January 1, 2015, and March 31, 2018. A generalized additive Poisson model was applied to examine the associations between air pollutants concentrations and daily outpatient visits for ILI when adjusted for the meteorological parameters.

Results
There were 35862 outpatient visits at the fever clinic for ILI cases. Air quality index (AQI), PM2.5, PM10, CO and O3 on lag0 days, as well as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on lag1 days, were significantly associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits for ILI from January 2015 to November 2017. From December 2017 to March 2018, on lag0 days, air pollutants PM2.5 [risk ratio (RR) = 0.971, 95% CI: 0.963-0.979], SO2 (RR = 0.892, 95% CI: 0.840–0.948) and CO (RR = 0.306, 95% CI: 0.153–0.612) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of outpatient visits for ILI. Interestingly, on the lag2 days, all the pollutants were significantly associated with a reduced risk of outpatient visits for ILI except for O3. We did not observe the linear correlations between the outpatient visits for ILI and any of air pollutants, which were instead associated via a curvilinear relationship.

Conclusions
We found that the air pollutants may be associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits for ILI during the non-outbreak period and with a decreased risk during the outbreak period, which may be linked with the use of disposable face masks and the change of outdoor activities. These findings expand the current knowledge of ILI outpatient visits correlated with air pollutants during an influenza pandemic.
Estimation of Salivary pH, Viscosity, Flow Rate in Children with and without Early Childhood Caries – An Observational Study
Authors: Ravikumar Dhanalakshmi , Ramani Pratibha , Gayathri R. 
Published: June 2021

Background and Objectives: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a chronic disease of childhood affecting the primary dentition. It is also termed as nursing caries or baby bottle tooth decay. It has a multifactorial etiology and salivary parameters are considered as one of the important etiological factors of ECC. The present study was done to compare the salivary pH, flow rate and viscosity in children with and without ECC.
Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional observational study conducted at Saveetha Dental college and Hospitals. Children between 3-6 years were examined and 20 caries free, 20 children with ECC and 20 children with Severe ECC were recruited for the study. The examination and sample collection were done by a single qualified Pediatric dentist. The samples were collected and analysed for salivary pH, flow rate and viscosity.
Results: The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in salivary pH levels in children with and without ECC. Statistically significant difference was evident in salivary flow rate and viscosity in caries-free, moderate ECC and severe ECC children.
Conclusion:

There is no significant difference in salivary pH levels in children with and without ECC.
There is a significant difference in salivary flow rate and viscosity among caries free, moderate ECC and Severe ECC children
Higher flow rate and low viscosity results in reduced caries occurance
Wireless Power Transfer and Telemetry for Implantable Bioelectronics
Authors: Yoo Seungwon , Lee Jonghun , Joo Hyunwoo , Sunwoo Sung‐Hyuk , Kim Sanghoek , Kim Dae‐Hyeong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImplantable bioelectronic devices are becoming useful and prospective solutions for various diseases owing to their ability to monitor or manipulate body functions. However, conventional implantable devices (e.g., pacemaker and neurostimulator) are still bulky and rigid, which is mostly due to the energy storage component. In addition to mechanical mismatch between the bulky and rigid implantable device and the soft human tissue, another significant drawback is that the entire device should be surgically replaced once the initially stored energy is exhausted. Besides, retrieving physiological information across a closed epidermis is a tricky procedure. However, wireless interfaces for power and data transfer utilizing radio frequency (RF) microwave offer a promising solution for resolving such issues. While the RF interfacing devices for power and data transfer are extensively investigated and developed using conventional electronics, their application to implantable bioelectronics is still a challenge owing to the constraints and requirements of in vivo environments, such as mechanical softness, small module size, tissue attenuation, and biocompatibility. This work elucidates the recent advances in RF‐based power transfer and telemetry for implantable bioelectronics to tackle such challenges.
A Harmless–Harmful Switchable and Uninterrupted Laccase‐Instructed Killer for Activatable Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Zhou Tian‐Jiao , Xu Yuan , Xing Lei , Wang Yi , Jiang Hu‐Lin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) employs Fenton catalysts to kill cancer cells by converting intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into hydroxyl radicals (OH•). Although many studies on H2O2 supplementation have been conducted to improve the therapeutic effect of CDT, few studies have focused on the application of superoxide radical (O2−•) in CDT, which may result in better efficacy. A major concern about O2−•‐mediated CDT is its tendency to induce serious oxidative damage to normal tissues, which may be addressed by using a degradable O2−• scavenger. Here, a harmless‐harmful switchable and uninterrupted laccase (LAC)‐instructed killer (HULK) is constructed, which is the first CDT agent accelerated by LAC‐instructed O2−• generation and possesses a harmless‐harmful switchable effect because of the photodegradation of the O2−• scavenger iron‐chlorin e6 (FeCe6). LAC‐instructed substrate oxidation effectively catalyzes O2−• production with the help of intracellular reduction, thereby promoting the conversion of Fe3+ to Fe2+, accelerating the generation of OH•, and inducing tumor cell apoptosis and necrosis. The introduced O2−• scavenger FeCe6 is quickly photodegraded during irradiation, while LAC‐instructed O2−• generation proceeds as before, resulting in activatable CDT. This work not only provides the first strategy for LAC‐instructed O2−• generation but also presents new insight into activatable CDT.
Ultrathin Yet Robust Single Lithium‐Ion Conducting Quasi‐Solid‐State Polymer‐Brush Electrolytes Enable Ultralong‐Life and Dendrite‐Free Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhou Minghong , Liu Ruliang , Jia Danyang , Cui Yin , Liu Qiantong , Liu Shaohong , Wu Dingcai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuasi‐solid‐state polymer electrolytes are one of the most promising candidates for long‐life lithium‐metal batteries. However, introduction of plasticizers for high ion conductivity at room temperature inevitably gives rise to poor mechanical strength and requires a very thick electrolyte membrane, which is detrimental to safety and energy density of the batteries. Herein, inspired by tube brushes coupling hardness with softness, a novel superstructured polymer bottlebrush BC‐g‐PLiSTFSI‐b‐PEGM (BC = bacterial cellulose; PLiSTFSI = poly(lithium 4‐styrenesulfonyl‐(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide); PEGM = poly(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate)) with a hard nanofibril backbone and soft functional polymer side‐chains is reported as an effective strategy to well balance the mechanical strength and ion conductivity of quasi‐solid‐state polymer electrolytes. The resulting single lithium‐ion conducting quasi‐solid‐state polymer‐brush electrolytes (SLIC‐QSPBEs) integrate the features of the ultrathin membrane thickness (10 µm), the nanofibril backbone‐strengthened porous nanonetwork (Young's modulus = 1.9 GPa), and the high‐rate single lithium‐ion conducting diblock copolymer brushes. As a result, the ultrathin yet robust SLIC‐QSPBEs enable ultralong‐term (over 3300 h) reversible and stable lithium plating/stripping in Li/Li symmetrical cell at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 for lithium anode. This work affords a promising strategy to develop advanced electrolytes for solid‐state lithium‐metal batteries.