bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DENDA DALAM BAI’ BITSAMAN AJIL MENURUT FIQIH DAN FATWA DEWAN SYARIAH NASIONAL (DSN)
Authors: Amri Aulil 
Published: April 2021

This study is to analyze the application of fines to customers who delay payments on purpose or do not have the will and good faith to pay their debts. Legal fines for capable people who delay payment according to fiqh and fatwa DSN-MUI Number 17 / DSN-MUI / IX / 2000 are permissible. The fatwa explained that customers who could be fined were customers who delayed payments deliberately and / or did not have the will and good faith to pay their debts. While customers who are unable or unable to pay due to force majeure may not be penalized. In addition to the fatwa of the DSN MUI, the fines determined are also based on ba‘i bitsaman ajil financing agreement at Baitul Mal / Qiradh that has been agreed by both parties.
The results showed that some syari’ah banking transactions are in accordance with Islamic syari’ah, but there is still practice going on in the field of the application of fines imposed in general, not looking at the feathers for both capable and unable customers. Finally, fines will accumulate every month plus piles of arrears. This is really unfortunate because it should be given to those who cannot afford to be given tough time to pay for this in accordance with the fatwa DSN-MUI Number 17 / DSN-MUI / IX / 2000. In the future, the Syari’ah Supervisory Board can take firm action on this matter.
INTEGRATION INTERCONNECTION OF ISLAMIC AUDITING LEARNING MODEL IN 4.0 ERA
Authors: Pangestuti Dinik Fitri Rahajeng 
Published: April 2021

Auditor is an important profession in the business world. One of the auditor duties is to issue the opinion of financial statements. The opinion that was issued by the auditor becomes a guarantee on the fairness of the financial statements of the company. Auditors as independent parties have the obligation to check the financial statements of the client's company. In carrying out its duties, an auditor must adhere to the established professional standards and ethics. However, offence committed by the auditor towards the audit standards and ethics still occur. It can be viewed audit scandal histories, it is important to improve the auditing-learning process in campus. Campus as centre of knowledge is not only to educate a competent auditor but also to educate the morality of auditor.
This research is qualitative research which uses action research methodology. The data is taken in real learning cases in auditing class then constructing the existing rules in learning, standard output of auditor and Al Qur’an rules to become a learning model. Other datas are taken by interviewing the experts to confirm about the model.
The result of this research is auditing-learning model that is able to be applied in auditing class.
PENGARUH PRAKTIK MAWAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI DESA KEULIBEUT ULEE TUTUE KECAMATAN PIDIE
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad , Jannah Rauzatul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Agricultural resources utilization is key in increasing agricultural productivity so that limited resources must be allocated as efficiently as possible. In Aceh there is a model of cooperation in the field of agriculture called Mawah. The purpose of this research is to know the practice and influence of the practices of farmers ' income in the village of Keulibeut Ulee Tutue Pidie District in Pidie district. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive research approach. The Data obtained is tested for eligibility using validity tests, reliability tests and classic assumption tests. As for the hypotheses test used a simple regression analysis test that includes Test T, Test F and coefficient of determination (R2) test. The results showed that simultaneously there was an overall influence on the practice of the farmer's income from the village Keulibeut Ulee Tutue Pidie Sub District Pidie significantly. It also partially shows that the preactivity is positively and significantly influential for the farmer's income is evidenced in the results of the hypothesis test (T) obtained a value of 0.000 smaller than the prescribed α of 0.05 this means that Ho was rejected and Ha accepted.
Keywords: Agricultural, Mawah, Farmers, Income.

Abstrak
Pemanfaatan sumber daya pertanian adalah kunci dalam meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian sehingga sumber daya yang terbatas harus dialokasikan seefisien mungkin. Di Aceh ada model kerja sama di bidang pertanian yang disebut Mawah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh praktik mawah terhadap pendapatan petani di Desa Keulibeut Ulee Tutue Kecamatan Pidie di Kabupaten Pidie. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data yang diperoleh diuji untuk kelayakan menggunakan validitas, reliabilitas dan asumsi klasik. Untuk uji hipotesis digunakan uji analisis regresi sederhana yang meliputi Uji T, Uji F dan uji koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan terdapat pengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani dari desa Keulibeut Ulee Tutue Kecamatan Pidie Kecamatan Pidie. Secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa praktik mawah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani dibuktikan dalam hasil uji hipotesis (T) diperoleh nilai 0,000 lebih kecil dari α yang ditentukan 0,05 ini berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima.
Kata kunci: Pertanian, Mawah, Petani, Penghasilan.
PENGARUH HASIL KEUNTUNGAN TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN NASABAH PADA BPRS RAHMAH HIJRAH AGUNG LHOKSEUMAWE: KASUS JENIS SIMPANAN MUDHARABAH
Authors: Mukhlis Mukhlis , Musrizal Musrizal , Iba Zainuddin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aims to explain the effect of profit on the addition of customers in the bank of Syariah Rahmah Hijrah Agung Lhokseumawe (BPRS) type mudharabah deposits. This is a quantitative study, using primary data from 2006 - 2018 obtained from SRB Rahmah Hijrah Agung. The data analysis uses the Simple Linear Regression Model Through The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method.
Based on the results of statistical calculations through the SPSS program. We get the results of the regression equation Y = 12,177 + 0.013 X. This shows that the profits have a positive and significant effect on the addition of customers in SRB Rahmah Hijrah Agung Lhokseumawe type of mudharabah deposits. where, the acquisition of t-value and t-table value respectively 4.171 and 2.144. This shows, however, that the t-calculated value is greater than the t-table value. The coefficient of determination (R2) obtained is 90.1%. that is, the ability of the profit outcome variable (X) to explain its effect on customer accretion (Y) by 90.1 percent, while the remaining 9.9 percent is explained by other variables, apart from the model.
Keywords: Profits, Customers, Mudharabah Deposits.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh hasil keuntungan terhadap pertambahan nasabah Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) Rahmah Hijrah Agung Lhokseumawe jenis simpanan mudharabah. Ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, menggunakan data primer dari tahun 2006 - 2018 yang diperoleh dari BPRS Rahmah Hijrah Agung. Adapun analisis data menggunakan model Regresi Linear Sederhana melalui metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS).
Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan statistik melalui program SPSS. Kami mendapatkan hasil persamaan regresi Y = 12,177 + 0,013 X. + e. Ini menunjukkan bahwa, hasil keuntungan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertambahan nasabah pada BPRS Rahmah Hijrah Agung Lhokseumawe jenis simpanan mudharabah. Dimana, perolehan nilai t-hitung dan nilai t-tabel masing-masing sebesar 4,171 dan 2,144. Ini menunjukkan, bahwa, nilai t-hitung lebih besar dari nilai t-tabel. Koefisien determinasi (R2) yang didapat sebesar 90,1%. Artinya, kemampuan variabel hasil keuntungan (X) untuk menjelaskan pengaruhnya terhadap pertambahan nasabah (Y) sebesar 90,1 persen, sedangkan sisanya 9,9 persen dijelaskan oleh variabel lain, selain dari dalam model.
Kata kunci: Hasil Keuntungan, Nasabah, Simpanan Mudharabah.
PERSEPSI KONSUMEN MUSLIM TERHADAP PRODUK MAKANAN TIDAK BERSERTIFIKAT HALAL DENGAN MEREK MENGANDUNG MAKNA SARKASME
Authors: Wati Widia , Ridlwan Ahmad Ajib 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Food products with the brand contain the meaning of sarcasm cannot have MUI halal certificate because it is considered to contain language that is not by following Islamic Sharia law and muslim consumers must consume food products that are not only halal but also good in the entire the production process. This research used a qualitative descriptive method that aimed to find out Muslim consumers’ perception towards food products without halal certificate with the brand contain the meaning of sarcasm. The results show that Muslim consumers are less concerned with halal certificates because of their perception that although halal certificates are important, it is not a problem consuming non-halal certified food products as long as they think that the composition is halal in perception, sarcasm is not a problem for Muslim consumers and the presence of halal certificates is only an added value for a food product.
Keywords: Perception, Muslim Consumers, Sarcasm, Halal Certificate

Abstrak
Produk makanan dengan merek bermakna sarkasme tidak dapat mengantongi sertifikat halal MUI karena dinilai mengandung bahasa yang tidak sesuai hukum syariat Islam dan sebagai konsumen harus mengonsumsi produk makanan yang tidak hanya halal tetapi juga baik keseluruhannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan tujuan memberikan gambaran mengenai persepsi konsumen muslim terhadap produk makanan tidak bersertifikat halal dengan merek bermakna sarkasme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsumen muslim kurang peduli terhadap sertifikat halal karena persepsinya bahwa meskipun sertifikat halal penting namun tidak masalah mengonsumsi produk makanan tidak bersertifikat halal selama menurut mereka komposisinya halal dalam persepsinya, bahasa sarkasme bukan masalah bagi konsumen muslim dan hadirnya sertifikat halal hanya sebagai nilai tambah bagi suatu produk makanan.
Kata kunci : Persepsi, Konsumen Muslim, Sarkasme, Sertifikat Halal
Comparison of Panoramic, Lateral Skull Projection and CBCT Images in Detection of Mandibular Condyle Fractures
Authors: ORHAN Kaan , ÖZEMRE Mehmet , KÖSEOĞLU SEÇGİN Cansu , KARSLIOĞLU Hazal , KAMBUROGLU Kıvanç , GÜR Gürkan Gür , VURAL Sevil 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Condyle fractures constitute 17.5–52% of all mandibular fractures. Our first aim was to investigate whether panoramic radiography or LSP images with lower radiation dose can be used instead of CBCT in the diagnosis of vertical condylar fractures. The second aim of the study was to compare observers' capabilities in diagnosing these fractures.
Materials and Methods: A sample consisting of 15 fresh cadaver mandibles with 30 condyles frozen within 24 hours post-mortem was randomly selected. Vertical fractures from the lateral 2/3 of the condyle head with 0.5 (10 condyles) and 1mm (10 condyles) thickness were created using a fret saw. After creating condyle fractures, digital panoramic, LSP, and CBCT images were acquired. Two dentomaxillofacial radiologists with 15 years of experience, two dentomaxillofacial radiologists with five and seven years of experience, and two newly graduated dentists have evaluated the images. The success of the observers in diagnosing the vertical condyle fracture in each imaging method, intra-observer and inter-observer agreement was evaluated.
Results: The success of all dentists in determining the condyle fractures using LSP images was higher than the success they achieved using panoramic images, but it was not sufficient. Using different imaging options with CBCT, all diagnoses made by new graduates and dentomaxillofacial radiologists with five and 15 years’ experience were 100% compatible with the gold standard (AC1: 1 (1–1)).
Conclusions: For the diagnosis of vertical condyle fractures, conventional techniques (panoramic and lateral jaw imaging methods) were found to be insufficient.
The Working Mind
Authors: Pascual-Leone Juan , Johnson Janice M. 
Published: April 2021

A general organismic-causal theory that explicates working memory and executive function developmentally, clarifying the nature of human intelligence.
In The Working Mind, Juan Pascual-Leone and Janice M. Johnson propose a general organismic-causal theory that explicates working memory and executive function developmentally and by doing so clarifies the nature of human intelligence. Pascual-Leone and Johnson explain “from within” (that is, from a subject's own processing perspective) cognitive developmental stages of growth, describing key causal factors that can account for the emergence of the working mind as a functional totality. Among these factors is a maturationally growing mental attention.
After reviewing meaning-driven processes and constructivist knowledge principles that underlie what Pascual-Leone and Johnson term their Theory of Constructive Operators (TCO), they propose the TCO as as a developmental and neuropsychological approach to human cognitive and affective processes and their development. They present a novel method of mental task analysis that generates from-within process models of subjects' attempts to solve specific tasks. They provide an interpretation of brain semiotic processes that deploys TCO in functionally distinct brain locations. Finally, they show how TCO explicates complex human issues including consciousness, the self, the will, motivation, and individual differences, with applications in education, psychotherapy, and cognitive neuropsychology.
The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding from Arcadia – a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin.
PMCA-generated prions from the olfactory mucosa of patients with Fatal Familial Insomnia cause prion disease in mice
Authors: Bistaffa Edoardo , Marín-Moreno Alba , Espinosa Juan Carlos , De Luca Chiara Maria Giulia , Cazzaniga Federico Angelo , Portaleone Sara Maria , Celauro Luigi , Legname Giuseppe , Giaccone Giorgio , Torres Juan Maria , Moda Fabio 
Published: April 2021

Background:Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI) is a genetic prion disease caused by the D178N mutation in the prion protein gene (PRNP) in coupling phase with methionine at PRNP 129. In 2017, we have shown that the olfactory mucosa (OM) collected from FFI patients contained traces of PrPSc detectable by Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA).Methods:In this work, we have challenged PMCA-generated products obtained from OM and brain homogenate of FFI patients in BvPrP-Tg407 transgenic mice expressing the bank vole prion protein to test their ability to induce prion pathology.Results:All inoculated mice developed mild spongiform changes, astroglial activation, and PrPSc deposition mainly affecting the thalamus. However, their neuropathological alterations were different from those found in the brain of BvPrP-Tg407 mice injected with raw FFI brain homogenate.Conclusions:Although with some experimental constraints, we show that PrPSc present in OM of FFI patients is potentially infectious.Funding:This work was supported in part by the Italian Ministry of Health (GR-2013-02355724 and Ricerca Corrente), MJFF, ALZ, Alzheimer’s Research UK and the Weston Brain Institute (BAND2015), and Euronanomed III (SPEEDY) to FM; by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (grant AGL2016-78054-R [AEI/FEDER, UE]) to JMT and JCE; AM-M was supported by a fellowship from the INIA (FPI-SGIT-2015-02).
Design and evaluation of a simulated wound management course for postgraduate year one surgery residents
Authors: Qi Xin , He Rui , Wen Bing , Li Qiang , Wu Hongbin 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundIt is vital to cover wound management knowledge and operations in the early stages of resident training. With this in mind, a simulated wound management course for postgraduate year one surgery residents (PGY1s) was designed and its effectiveness was evaluated.MethodsA retrospective quasi-experimental method was used. PGY1s in 2014 constituted the control group, and PGY1s in 2015 and 2016 constituted the intervention group. The course given to the control group comprised didactic teaching followed by deliberate practice plus immediate personalized feedback. The newly designed course given to the intervention group was reconstructed and disassembled into four components according to the simulation-based mastery learning model, which were baseline test, interactive learning, basic skills practice, and reflective learning. The same performance assessments were used in the control and intervention group, including process measurement and outcome measurement.ResultsThe process measurement showed that the intervention group’s scores were significantly higher in the “dissociation of subcutaneous tissue” and “quality of suturing and knots”. The outcome measurement showed that the accuracy of debridement was greatly improved and both key and total suture numbers were significantly higher in the intervention group.ConclusionsSimulation-based mastery learning was incorporated into our proposed course framework, promoting the learning outcome of PGY1s. It has the potential to be adapted for other surgical training sites for residents in China.
Temporal inversion of the acid-base equilibrium in newborns: an observational study
Authors: Mizutani Yuko , Kinoshita Masahiro , Lin Yung-Chieh , Fukaya Satoko , Kato Shin , Hisano Tadashi , Hida Hideki , Iwata Sachiko , Saitoh Shinji , Iwata Osuke 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundA considerable fraction of newborn infants experience hypoxia-ischaemia and metabolic acidosis at birth. However, little is known regarding the biological response of newborn infants to the pH drift from the physiological equilibrium. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the pH drift at birth and postnatal acid-base regulation in newborn infants.MethodsClinical information of 200 spontaneously breathing newborn infants hospitalised at a neonatal intensive care centre were reviewed. Clinical variables associated with venous blood pH on days 5–7 were assessed.ResultsThe higher blood pH on days 5–7 were explained by lower cord blood pH (−0.131, −0.210 to −0.052; regression coefficient, 95% confidence interval), greater gestational age (0.004, 0.002 to 0.005) and lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide on days 5–7 (−0.005, −0.006 to −0.004) (adjusted for sex, postnatal age and lactate on days 5–7).ConclusionIn relatively stable newborn infants, blood pH drift from the physiological equilibrium at birth might trigger a system, which reverts and over-corrects blood pH within the first week of life. Given that the infants within the study cohort was spontaneously breathing, the observed phenomenon might be a common reaction of newborn infants to pH changes at birth.
Río de la Plata voyagers: Deciphering the migration ecology of a vulnerable marine catfish (Genidens barbus) in a large subtropical river (lower Uruguay River)
Authors: Vidal Nicolás , D'Anatro Alejandro , González‐Bergonzoni Iván , Silva Ivana , Correa Patricia , País Joaquín , Tesitore Giancarlo , Teixeira de Mello Franco 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Genidens barbus is a vulnerable marine migrant catfish with low fecundity, a complex life cycle (i.e. mouth breeding), and is the target of industrial and artisanal fisheries of several countries. This species regularly migrates from marine to freshwater environments of the south‐western Atlantic.
The aim of this work was to delve deeper into the migration ecology of G. barbus, characterizing both its timing and potential environmental drivers. Furthermore, aspects of the population structure and reproduction of migrants in the lower Uruguay River were studied and the presence of juveniles in the adjacent estuarine recruitment area was evaluated.
Data from 11 years (2008–2018) of records of adult G. barbus captured by artisanal fisheries were used alongside relevant environmental variables that were recorded monthly. Reproductive biology (i.e. sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, fecundity, and oocyte size) was analysed for a period of 3 years (2016–2018). The juvenile abundance in the Río de la Plata estuary was evaluated seasonally.
A total of 935 adult individuals of G. barbus were captured, representing a total biomass of 3,123 kg. The migration timing was from early spring to early summer. The abundance of migrants strongly increased with river discharge, suggesting that this variable regulates the upriver migration. Furthermore, pre‐ and post‐spawn females and males displaying mouth breeding were recorded during the study period, confirming G. barbus reproduction in the lower Uruguay River.
The results obtained suggest that G. barbus ascend to spawn in the freshwater environments upstream from the mouth of the Uruguay River. Then, adult males incubate and carry the embryos downstream, releasing juveniles in the Río de la Plata estuary.
This relevant information will help with the implementation of effective management polices (e.g. fishing restrictions during the reproductive period) for the presently unregulated fishery of this vulnerable species in the lower Uruguay River.
Promoting connectivity between priority freshwater sites for conservation in intermittent hydrological systems
Authors: Naia Marisa , Hermoso Virgilio , Carvalho Sílvia B. , Brito José Carlos 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSystematic conservation planning in freshwater ecosystems faces multiple challenges because of the dynamic nature of rivers and their multiple dimensions of connectivity. In intermittent hydrological systems connectivity is functional when water is available, allowing the exchange of aquatic individuals between isolated freshwater ecosystems. Integrating these isolated systems in their hydrological context is essential when identifying priority areas for conservation, in order to try to minimize the propagation of threats into target water bodies (management units) from the surrounding landscape.Here, the use of a systematic planning approach is demonstrated to identify a set of priority management units to preserve freshwater biodiversity in an arid system of fragmented water bodies immersed in a landscape subject to a range of impacts.Twenty‐six water‐dependent taxa from 59 mountain rock pools (gueltas) of three southern Mauritanian mountains were used as a case study. A conservation planning tool (marxan) was used to find priority conservation areas to integrate intermittent hydrological systems in their hydrological context, promote connectivity, and minimize the downstream propagation of threats. Three types of connectivity were analysed: (i) no connectivity, (ii) connectivity between gueltas, and (iii) connectivity between gueltas and sub‐catchments.Considering different types of longitudinal connectivity affects the number and spatial allocation of the priority gueltas selected, and the conservation status of the gueltas and their upstream areas. Incorporating connections between gueltas and upstream locations in the modelling resulted in the selection of gueltas in areas with a low human footprint and in the increased connectivity of the solutions.The results obtained revealed important locations for local biodiversity conservation, and the method presented can be used when assessing the propagation of potential waterborne threats into isolated management units. The framework developed allows connectivity to be addressed in conservation planning. It can be replicated in regions with similar isolated habitats that connect through intermittent hydrological systems and can also be applied to lateral and vertical hydrological connectivity.