bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inquiring the Political Strategy of Tigray People Liberation Front (TPLF) in Post-2018 Ethiopia
Authors: Alamineh Asabu S. , Geremew Birhanu B. , Temesgen Kidanu A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The upsurge of TPLF led regime to power installed ethnic politics and deconstruction of Ethiopian history with corporate corruption, ultra-vires and pseudo-federalism. The misappropriations of national assets added with autocratic nature of the regime procreated erratic political oppositions and protests since the party set on to power. The political marginalization at intra-party level also created split, which brought state elites in Amhara and Oromia regions to support the acute popular protest. These political scenarios have compelled TPLF to abscond into Mekelle and the coming of reformist leaders to power in 2018. This paper thus aimed to uncover TPLF’s political strategy in post 2018 Ethiopia by employing a qualitative case study with a secondary data obtained from Mass Media, commentaries and digitized outlets. The loss of key political positions and attachment of the regime’s wrong deeds to TPLF has bugging its elites after the coming of the new premiership. As counter to the reformist leaders, TPLF undertook huge militarization, destabilization and proxies, inducing popular fear, supporting like-minded regional oppositions to propagandize sensitive political issues to regain its lost prestige. This power rivalry created political absurdism, where political decisions and policies of the reformists had continued to be officially banned by TPLF in a way that disastrously impacted the survival of the state. Thus, it is important to undertake political reconciliation to freeze the prevailing political deadlocks for the continuation of the polity.
The Impact of Hazard Statement Design Elements in Procedures: Counterintuitive Findings and Implications for Standards
Authors: Hendricks Joseph W. , Peres S. Camille , Dumlao Stefan V. , Armstrong Cara A. , Neville Timothy J. 
Published: December 2021

Objective The objective of these studies was to identify hazard statement (HS) design elements in procedures that affected whether both workers and lab participants performed the associated hazard mitigation. Background Many of the incidents in high-risk industries are the result of issues with procedures (e.g., standard operating procedures; SOPs) workers use to support their performance. HSs in these procedures are meant to communicate potential work hazards and methods of mitigating those hazards. However, there is little empirical research regarding whether current hazard design guidelines for consumer products translate to procedures. Method Two experimental studies—(1) a laboratory study and (2) a high-fidelity simulation—manipulated the HS design elements present in procedures participants used while performing tasks. Participants’ adherence to the mitigation of the hazard was compared for the HS designs. Results The guidelines for HSs from consumer products did not translate to procedures. Specifically, the presence of an alert icon, a box around the statement, and highlighting the statement did not improve adherence to HSs. Indeed, the only consistent finding was for the Icon, with its presence reliably predicting nonadherence in both studies. Additionally, the total number of design elements did not have a positive effect on adherence. Conclusion These findings indicate that more fundamental procedure HSs research is needed to identify effective designs as well as to understand the potential attentional mechanisms associated with these findings. Application The findings from these studies indicate that current regulations and guidelines should be revisited regarding hazard presentation in procedures.
Impact of statin treatment on patients diagnosed with chronic venous disease. Morphological analysis of the venous wall and clinical implications
Authors: Matei Sergiu-Ciprian , Matei Mervat , Anghel Flavia Medana , Derban Mihnea Dragoș , Olariu Andra , Olariu Sorin 
Published: December 2021

Objectives The study evaluates the potential morphological changes that may occur in the venous wall in the case of the patients with chronic venous disease which associates treatment with statins for at least 2 years. Methods Operated patients with chronic venous disease in the CEAP C2-C3 stage were included in the study. 215 venous fragments, collected from 50 patients within the study group and 179 venous fragments collected from 52 patients within the control group were microscopically analysed, evaluating a series of morpho-anatomical parameters. Results In the study group, it was found that, venous reflux predominantly affects small veins, and also, a significant increase in collagen deposits in the adventitia and media tunics, proportional to the thickening of the venous wall. Conclusion Our results indicate possible effects of statins upon the venous morphology. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of these results on daily practice.
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) White Matter Hyperintensities in Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome With or Without Migraine
Authors: Rashid Salman , Weaver Samantha , Al-Robaidi Khaled , Dure Leon , Singh Sumit 
Published: December 2021

Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome is classified as a possible subset of migraine. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of white matter hyperintensities are well documented in migraineurs, but not in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome. This study focuses on white matter hyperintensities in children with cyclic vomiting syndrome. Methods: We investigated our database of outpatient medical records for the diagnosis codes associated with cyclic vomiting syndrome from January 2008 to October 2018. Results: Brain MRIs were obtained in 31 of 185 patients (∼17%) with a diagnosis code related to cyclic vomiting syndrome. We excluded 13 of 31 patients because of the inaccessibility of images or a confounding diagnosis. Remaining patients were divided into 2 groups: 13 of 18 cyclic vomiting syndrome with migraine (CVS+M), and 5 of 18 cyclic vomiting syndrome without migraine (CVS-M). We found that 3 of the 13 patients in the CVS +M group had migraine-like white matter hyperintensities compared to 0 of the 5 in the CVS-M group. Conclusion: This small study suggests a possible relationship between white matter hyperintensities and CVS+M. A larger study is required to validate these findings.
Peritoneal dialysis in very low and extremely low birthweight infants: A pooled analysis
Authors: Bellos Ioannis , Karageorgiou Vasilios 
Published: December 2021

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) represents an important therapeutic option in neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI), although evidence regarding its effects in preterm neonates remains unclear. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of PD in very low birthweight (VLBW) and extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants and clarify the association of catheter choice with clinical outcomes. Methods: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov and CENTRAL databases were systematically searched from inception to 15 January 2021. Studies reporting individual participant data of VLBW and ELBW infants treated with PD were selected. Results: Overall, 20 studies were included comprising 101 patients. Catheter-related complications were significantly more frequent among ELBW infants (odds ratio: 5.18, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.23–29.09). After inverse probability treatment weighting, compared to drainage catheters, death risk was significantly lower with the use of PD (hazard ratio: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19–0.90) but not vascular catheters (hazard ratio: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.28–1.20). Similarly, kidney function loss was significantly lower only with the implementation of PD catheters (hazard ratio: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.21–0.94). Conclusions: PD is a feasible kidney replacement therapy modality in VLBW and ELBW infants with AKI. The use of drainage catheters may be linked to significantly worse kidney recovery and overall survival rates, compared to PD catheters. Future cohorts should confirm the most appropriate catheter type and contribute to the standardisation of PD procedures.
Stereotactic Biopsy for Brainstem Lesions: A Meta-analysis with Noncomparative Binary Data
Authors: He Lin , He Dongjie , Qi Yuhong , Zhou Jiejing , Yuan Canliang , Chang Hao , Wang Qiming , Li Gaiyan , Shao Qiuju 
Published: December 2021

Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of brainstem stereotactic biopsy for brainstem lesions. Methods We performed a meta-analysis of English articles retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and APA psycInfo databases up to May 12, 2021. A binary fixed-effect model, the inverse variance method, or a binary random-effect model, the Dersimonian Laird method, were utilized for pooling the data. This meta-analysis was registered with INPLASY, INPLASY202190034. Findings A total of 41 eligible studies with 2792 participants were included. The weighted average diagnostic yield was 97.0% (95% confidential interval [CI], 96.0-97.9%). The weighted average proportions of temporary complications, permanent deficits, and deaths were 6.2% (95% CI, 4.5–7.9%), .5% (95% CI, .2–.8%), and .3% (95% CI, .1–.5%), respectively. The subgroup analysis indicated a nearly identical weighted average diagnostic yield between MRI-guided stereotactic biopsy and CT-guided stereotactic biopsy (95.9% vs 95.8%) but slightly increased proportions of temporary complications (7.9% vs 6.0%), permanent deficits (1.9% vs .2%), and deaths (1.1% vs .4%) in the former compared to the latter. Moreover, a greater weighted average diagnostic yield (99.2% vs 97.6%) and lower proportions of temporary complications (5.1% vs 6.8%) and deaths (.7% vs 1.5%) were shown in the pediatric patient population than in the adult patient population. Conclusions Brainstem stereotactic biopsy demonstrates striking accuracy plus satisfying safety in the diagnosis of brainstem lesions. The diagnostic yield, morbidity, and mortality mildly vary based on the diversity of assistant techniques and subject populations.
Diaphanospondylodysostosis: Full Case Report with Novel Pathogenic BMPER Mutation
Authors: Arredondo Montero Javier , Bronte Anaut Mónica , Ruiz de Azúa Yerani , Morales Garofalo Lourdes 
Published: December 2021

Diaphanospondylodysostosis is an extremely rare, recessively inherited, perinatal lethal skeletal disorder associated with BMPER gene mutations. Clinically it is characterized by defects in costovertebral ossification, absent ribs, hypertelorism, short nose with depressed nasal bridge, low-set ears, and short neck. At the extraosseous level, the most frequent pathologic finding is nephroblastomatosis with multicystic kidneys. We present the case of a child of non-consanguineous parents who died at 2 months of age in our center. Autopsy showed a marked costovertebral ossification defect, perilobar nephrogenic rests and loss of white matter with periventricular leukomalacia. After genetic study, the diagnosis of diaphanospondylodysostosis was confirmed. A previously undescribed germinal mutation in the BMPER gene (c.576 + 2dupT) was found.
Evaluation of gastrointestinal transit times and pH in healthy cats using a continuous pH monitoring system
Authors: Telles Naila J , Simon Bradley T , Scallan Elizabeth M , Gould Emily N , Papich Mark G , He Yuqing , Lee Mu-Tien , Lidbury Jonathan A , Steiner Jörg M , Kathrani Aarti , Katherine Tolbert M 
Published: December 2021

Objectives The aim of this study was to characterize gastrointestinal (GI) transit times and pH in healthy cats. Methods GI transit times and pH were measured in six healthy, colony-housed, purpose-bred spayed female cats using a continuous, non-invasive pH monitoring system in a sequential order design. For the first period (‘pre-feeding’), food was withheld for 20 h, followed by oral administration of a pH capsule. Five hours post-capsule administration, cats were meal-fed by offering them their daily allowance of food for 1 h. For the second period (‘post-feeding’), food was withheld for 24 h and cats were fed for 1 h, after which a pH capsule was orally administered. Studies in both periods were repeated three times. GI transit times and pH were compared between the two periods. Results The median transit times for the pre- and post-feeding periods, respectively, were: gastric – 94 mins (range 1–4101) and 1068 mins (range 484–5521); intestinal – 1350 mins (range 929–2961) and 1534 mins (range 442–2538); and GI – 1732 mins (range 1105–5451) and 2795 mins (range 926–6563). The median GI pH values for the first and second periods, respectively, were: esophageal – 7.0 (range 3.5–7.8) and 4.5 (range 2.9–6.4); gastric – 2.7 (range 1.7–6.2) and 2.0 (range 1.1–3.3); intestinal – 8.2 (range 7.6–8.7) and 7.8 (range 6.7–8.5); first-hour small intestinal – 8.2 (range 7.4–8.7) and 8.3 (range 7.9–8.6); and last-hour large intestinal – 8.5 (range 7.0–8.9) and 7.8 (range 6.3–8.7). Gastric ( P <0.0020) and intestinal pH ( P <0.0059) were significantly increased in the pre-feeding period compared with the post-feeding period. Conclusions and relevance Gastric and intestinal pH differed significantly when the capsule was administered 5 h prior to feeding compared with 1 h after feeding. Transit times for both periods showed high degrees of intra- and inter-individual variability.
Factors affecting endoscopic treatment’s failure for primary vesicoureteral reflux in the paediatric population
Authors: González Miriam García , Casal-Beloy Isabel , Somoza Argibay Iván , Dargallo Carbonell Teresa 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify which factors could determine endoscopic therapy’s failure in the paediatric patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Methods: We reviewed data from patients who underwent endoscopic surgery for primary reflux. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis considering factors conditioning therapeutic failure. All the tests were performed considering significant values of p < 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 19.0 program. Study sample was homogenised by just including patients with primary reflux and excluding both patients with secondary reflux and patients with functional lower urinary conditions. Results: A total of 96 patients were included for review. Median age at surgery was 28 months. The overall success rate of endoscopic surgery for vesicoureteral reflux was 57%. Female sex, age under 24 months at the time of surgical intervention and having suffered a urinary tract infection (UTI) despite antibiotic prophylaxis are statistically significant risk factors for therapy failure. Conclusions: Nonetheless, differences between series could explain these differences in success rates. The lack of standardisation of the definition of ‘success’, the heterogeneity of patients included, and variables such as the degree of reflux, the presence of dysfunctional voiding, age or follow-up make it difficult to compare the success rate between series. Therefore, homogenisation of study samples assessing the evolution of primary reflux and response to endoscopic therapy is warranted. Level of evidence: Not applicable
The long-term results of total knee arthroplasty in octogenarian
Authors: Mak Rex Wang-Fung , Chau Wai-Wang , Chung Kwong-Yin , Chiu Kwok-Hing , Ho Kevin Ki-Wai 
Published: December 2021

Aims: With increasing life expectancy and ageing population, more octogenarians would benefit from total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the survivorship of TKA in octogenarian and their long-term outcomes. Methods: This was a retrospective review of 67 patients aged above 80 years who had primary TKA performed between 2005 and 2013 at a single centre. A sex-matched younger cohort of 67 primary TKAs during the same time-period was recruited for control. Five and 10-year survival was calculated. Pre- and peri-operative factors were collected and compared. Post-operative range of motion, Knee Society Score (KSS) and Function Score (KFS) were collected and compared. Rate of revision, infection, aseptic loosening and mortality was collected. Results: The mean follow-up period was 10.39 ± 2.29 years. The 5- and 10-year survival of octogenarian group was 85.1% and 54.6%, respectively. Pre- and peri-operative factors between the octogenarian and control groups were comparable ( p > 0.05). Both groups showed improvement in range of motion, KSS and KFS post-operatively. Rate of revision, aseptic loosening and deep infection was 0% in octogenarian and 1.5% in control group. Conclusion: TKA can be performed in patients with age above 80 years old with comparable post-op knee range, complication rate and long-term functional score. Advanced age should not be a limiting factor for TKA.
Ocular Toxoplasmosis: No Stranger to the Masquerade Ball
Authors: Dillon Alexander B. , Budoff Greg , McCannel Colin A. , Tsui Edmund , Pullarkat Sheeja T. , Schwartz Steven D. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This article illustrates multiple atypical manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis masquerading as acute retinal necrosis and vitreoretinal lymphoma. Methods: Two case presentations are discussed, and the body of pertinent literature is reviewed and discussed. Results: In these cases, an extensive workup and attention to history lead to the correct diagnosis and management. Conclusions: Aggressive cases of ocular toxoplasmosis may present in a variety of phenotypes that may mimic other vision- and potentially life-threatening conditions, particularly in a milieu of inadequate endogenous and exogenous antimicrobial defenses.
Reduced cardiovascular morbidity in patients with hemophilia: results of a 5-year multinational prospective study
Authors: Van Der Valk Paul , Makris Michael , Fischer Kathelijn , Tait Robert C. , Chowdary Pratima , Collins Peter W. , Meijer Karina , van Vulpen Lize F. D. , Mauser-Bunschoten Eveline , Schutgens Roger E. G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Hemophilia is a congenital bleeding disorder caused by low levels of clotting factor VIII or IX. The life expectancy of people with hemophilia (PWH) has increased with the availability of clotting factor concentrates. At the same time, the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has increased; in retrospective studies, there are conflicting data regarding if, despite this increase, the incidence is still lower than in the general population. We prospectively compared the incidence of CVD in PWH vs the predicted incidence. This prospective, multicenter, observational study included adult PWH (aged &gt;30 years) from The Netherlands and United Kingdom. They were followed up for a 5-year period, and CVD incidence was compared with a predicted event rate based on the QRISK2-2011 CVD risk model. The primary end point was the observed fatal and nonfatal CVD incidence after 5 years compared with the estimated events and in relation to severity of hemophilia. The study included 709 patients, of whom 687 (96.9%) completed 5 years’ follow-up or reached an end point. For 108 patients, the QRISK score could not be calculated at inclusion. For the remaining 579, fewer CVD events were observed than predicted: 9 vs 24 (relative risk, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.80; P = .01), corresponding with an absolute risk reduction of 2.4%. Severe hemophilia treated on demand had the highest risk reduction. There was no statistically significant relation between severity of hemophilia and incidence of CVD. In hemophilia, a lower-than-predicted CVD incidence was found, supporting the theory that hemophilia protects against CVD. The study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01303900.
Hexokinase gene OsHXK1 positively regulates leaf senescence in rice
Authors: Zheng Shaoyan , Lu Jingqin , Yu Di , Li Jing , Zhou Hai , Jiang Dagang , Liu Zhenlan , Zhuang Chuxiong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Leaf senescence is a highly complex and meticulous regulatory process, and the disruption of any factor involved in leaf senescence might lead to premature or delayed leaf senescence and thus result in reduced or increased crop yields. Despite sincere efforts by scientists, there remain many unsolved problems related to the regulatory factors and molecular mechanisms of leaf senescence.

Results
This study successfully revealed that OsHXK1 was highly expressed in senescent leaves of rice. The upregulation of OsHXK1 led to premature senescence of rice leaves, a decreased level of chlorophyll, and damage to the chloroplast structure. The overexpression of OsHXK1 resulted in increases in glucose and ROS levels and produced programmed cell death (PCD) signals earlier at the booting stage. Further analysis showed that expression level of the respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) genes and OsGLO1 were increased in OsHXK1-overexpressing plants at the booting stage.

Conclusions
Overall, the outcomes of this study suggested that OsHXK1 could act as a positive regulator of rice leaf senescence by mediating glucose accumulation and inducing an increase in ROS.
Observational study of clinico-radiological follow-up of COVID-19 pneumonia: a district general hospital experience in the UK
Authors: Musat C. A. , Hadzhiivanov M. , Durkowski V. , Banerjee A. , Chiphang A. , Diwan M. , Mahmood M. S. , Shami M. N. , Nune A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The British Thoracic Society (BTS) recommends that all patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia should have a chest X-ray (CXR) and clinical follow-up at 6 or 12 weeks, depending on the disease severity. Little data is available on long-term CXR follow-up for moderate and severe COVID-19 pneumonia. This study aims to evaluate compliance with clinico-radiological follow-up of patients recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia at a local hospital in the UK, as per the BTS guidance, and to analyse radiological changes at clinical follow-up at 12 weeks, in order to risk-stratify and improve patient outcomes.

Methods
This is a single-centre retrospective audit of 255 consecutive COVID-19 positive patients admitted to a local hospital in the UK over 5 months between May and October 2020. All CXRs and clinic follow-up at 12 ± 8 weeks were checked on an electronic database.

Results
Over one in two (131/255) patients had CXR evidence of COVID-19 pneumonia during the initial hospital admission. Half of the patients (60/131) died before CXR or clinic follow-up. Fifty-eight percent (41/71) of the surviving patients had a follow-up CXR, and only two developed respiratory complications- one had residual lung fibrosis, another a pulmonary embolism. Eighty-eight percent (36/41) of the patients had either resolution or improved radiological changes at follow-up. Most patients who had abnormal follow-up CXR were symptomatic (6/8), and many asymptomatic patients at follow-up had a normal CXR (10/12).

Conclusions
Although there were concerns about interstitial lung disease (ILD) incidence in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, most of our patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had no pulmonary complications at follow-up with CXR. This emphasises that CXR, a cost-effective investigation, can be used to risk-stratify patients for long term pulmonary complications following their COVID-19 pneumonia. However, we acknowledge the limitations of a low CXR and clinic follow-up rate in our cohort.