bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical considerations of workplace flexibility “for all” and gendered outcomes: Men being flexible about their flexibility
Authors: Borgkvist Ashlee , Moore Vivienne , Crabb Shona , Eliott Jaklin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFlexible working arrangements (FWA) “for all, from the CEO down”, have begun to be promoted in Australia, heralded as a means to finally achieve gender equity in the workplace. However, workplaces are gendered spaces in which masculine traits and unconstrained availability are usually highly valued, as encapsulated in the notion of the ideal worker, and women are seen as lacking or “other”. We undertook a study to examine how upper level managers in large, male‐dominated organizations endorsing FWA for all perceived and reflected on the use of FWA within their organizations and by themselves. Interviews were undertaken with 12 upper level managers (9 men). Applying a social constructionist perspective and critical theoretical lens informed by theories of Acker and Ahmed, qualitative analysis suggested that, despite being “for all” in organizational rhetoric, FWA remains viewed as “for women”, and appropriate to lower level, routinized roles. Upper level managers described themselves and other men as able to be “flexible about their flexibility” thus maintaining their standing as ideal workers. This framing of flexibility has implications for men, women and society. It enabled ongoing positioning of women as other in workplace settings, rendering invisible structural inequality. Thus, FWA for all does not necessarily transform workplace gender equity.
Language learners' digital literacies: Focus on students' information literacy and reading practices online
Authors: Vorobel Oksana , Voorhees Terry Tuvi , Gokcora Deniz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe widespread use of technology and the Internet have changed many of language learners' everyday practices, including literacies. While there have been many studies with the focus on language learners' digital literacies, few, however, have explored language learners' digital information literacy and online reading practices with the use of social bookmarking tools, especially in a community college setting. We address this gap by investigating community‐college language learners' digital literacies when social bookmarking with the focus on digital information and online reading practices from an ecological perspective. In this qualitative multiple‐case study, the focal participants were five English learners, students in an English as a Second Language writing course in a community college in the northeastern United States. Data collection included interviews, observations, and researchers' e‐journals. Thorough within‐ and cross‐case analysis of data shows that language learners searched for digital texts and evaluated them based on relevance, reliability, interest, language, and importance for them and their learning community in the social bookmarking tool. The participants struggled with the number of results in search engines, keywords, and evaluation of digital texts for relevance and reliability. We show the need for more instruction, support, and guidance of language learners' digital information literacy practices as well as the benefits of providing students with opportunities to read digital texts. Our suggestions for future research include investigating the role of multimodality and other factors that influence language learners' evaluation practices when they look for and read information online.
Functional response and egg distribution among hosts byPseudapanteles dignus, a larval endoparasitoid ofTuta absoluta
Authors: D'Auro Franco , Luna María Gabriela , Liljesthröm Gerardo Gustavo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe functional response of a biocontrol agent has been classically pointed out as a quantitative evaluation criterion to understand its killing capacity to an arthropod pest. In this paper, we revisited the functional response of the internal larval parasitoidPseudapanteles dignus(Muesebeck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a candidate for biocontrol of the South American tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta(Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), measured as the daily egg oviposition of single parasitoid females at increasing densities ofT. absolutalarvae through dissection of hosts. The functional response curve of the number of parasitized hosts was fitted out taking into account the number of eggs laid and their distribution among hosts at eachT. absolutalarval density. The data also allowed us to discuss the self‐superparasitism strategy of this parasitoid as an adaptive trait.Pseudapanteles dignusshowed a sigmoid shape functional response and a contagious distribution of eggs among hosts, favouring self‐superparasitism and laying a similar number of eggs in each superparasitized host at eachT. absolutadensity. This research is firstly intended to ascertain about the oviposition behaviour ofP. dignusand additionally to provide information on its reproduction to be applied in mass rearing procedures and augmentative releases againstT. absoluta.
Clinical experience of poly‐L‐lactic acid injections for body contouring treatment
Authors: Shridharani Sachin M. , Tisch Grace M. , Ebersole Trina G. , Moak Teri N. , Edwartz Carolina 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionClinical data on body contouring with injectable poly‐L‐lactic acid are sparsely reported in published literature. This study describes the lead author's clinical experience using injectable poly‐L‐lactic acid for body contouring in various anatomic locations.MethodsTwenty consecutive patients undergoing body contouring treatments with poly‐L‐lactic acid were prospectively followed. All treatments were performed at a single clinic between February 2017 and February 2019. Treatment details such as reconstitution, injection volume and dosage were documented. Treatment response was assessed independently by patients and the treating physician. Adverse events were recorded.ResultsTwenty patients (85% women) received injectable poly‐L‐lactic acid for body contouring treatments such as buttocks volumization, cellulite and skin quality treatment. In most patients (65%), poly‐L‐lactic acid was administered to correct postsurgical soft tissue deformities. Overall, patients had a mean of 5.1 treatment sessions in a mean of 1.4 anatomic locations. The most commonly treated anatomic locations were buttocks (58% of treatment sessions), thighs (20%) and abdomen (9%). Dosage and injection volume varied between patients depending on anatomic location and desired outcome. Most treatment sessions (86%) resulted in improvement of the treated area. Adverse events included bruising, oedema, numbness and tenderness. Nodule formation was recorded for one patient (5%).ConclusionAccording to the lead author's clinical experience, poly‐L‐lactic acid injection is well tolerated and can achieve good aesthetic outcomes when used for body contouring in appropriate patients. Preliminary data suggest that poly‐L‐lactic acid injection may be a viable nonsurgical technique for correcting postsurgical soft tissue deformities.
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis without neurological involvement
Authors: Stelten B. M. L. , Raal F. J. , Marais A. D. , Riksen N. P. , Roeters van Lennep J. E. , Duell P.B , van der Graaf M. , Kluijtmans L. A. J. , Wevers R. A. , Verrips A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundCerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is an autosomal recessively inherited inborn error of metabolism. Neurological symptoms are considered to be a clinical hallmark of untreated adult patients. We describe a ‘milder CTX phenotype’, without neurological involvement.MethodsWe performed a retrospective patient file study in 79 genetically confirmed Dutch patients with CTX (55 patients aged ≥ 21 years) to study the clinical heterogeneity of CTX. We studied the frequency of adult patients with CTX without neurological involvement at diagnosis, in our Dutch cohort, and included a family from South Africa and patients from Italy, USA, Chile and Asia from the literature.ResultsIn total, we describe 19 adult patients with CTX from 16 independent families, without neurological symptoms at diagnosis. A relatively small percentage (21%, n = 4) had a history of cataract. The majority, 84% (n = 16), presented with tendon xanthomas as the sole or predominant feature. The majority of patients showed increased plasma cholesterol levels. No correlation was found between this ‘milder phenotype’, the cholestanol levels and the CYP27A1 genotype. In addition, we describe three novel mutations in the CYP27A1 gene.ConclusionsThis study shows the clinical heterogeneity of CTX, highlighting the existence of a ‘milder phenotype’, that is without neurological involvement at diagnosis. Adult patients with CTX may present with tendon xanthomas as the sole or predominant feature, mimicking familial hypercholesterolemia. It is important to realize that the absence of neurological symptoms does not rule out the development of future neurological symptoms. As CTX is a treatable disorder, early diagnosis and initiation of treatment when additional clinical signs occur is therefore essential.
Influence of Liquid on the Tooth Surface on the Accuracy of Intraoral Scanners: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Chen Yuming , Zhai Zhihao , Li Hefei , Yamada Shuhei , Matsuoka Takashi , Ono Shinji , Nakano Tamaki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurpose: To assess the influence of liquid attached on the tooth surfaces on the accuracy (trueness and precision) of intraoral scanners and the effectiveness of the drying method (using compression air) to exclude the influence of liquid on the scanning results.Materials and methods: A mandibular jaw model was scanned using an industrial computed tomography scanner to obtain a reference model. A scanning platform was designed to simulate three specific tooth surface states (dry, wet, blow‐dry). Two kinds of liquids (ultra‐pure water and artificial saliva) were used for the test. Two intraoral scanners (Trios 3 and Primescan) were used to scan the mandibular jaw model 10 times under each condition. All scanning data were processed and analyzed using dedicated software (Geomagic Control 2015). Trueness and precision comparison were conducted within the 12 groups of 3D models divided based on different intraoral scanners and liquids used under each condition. The root mean square (RMS) value was used to indicate the difference between the aligned virtual models. The color maps were used to evaluate and observe the deviation distribution patterns. The 3‐way ANOVA (condition, intraoral scanner, liquid) followed by the Tukey test were used to assess precision and trueness. The level of significance was set at 0.05.Results: The mean RMS values obtained from wet condition were significantly higher than those of the dry and blow‐dry condition (p < 0.001, F = 64.033 for trueness and F = 54.866 for precision), which indicates less accurate trueness and precision for wet condition. For two different types of liquids, the mean RMS value was not significantly different on trueness and precision. The deviations caused by liquid were positive and mainly distributed in the pits and fissures of the occlusal surface of posterior teeth, the interproximal area of the teeth, and the margin of the abutments.Conclusions: Liquid on the tooth surface could affect intraoral scanning accuracy. Blow‐drying with a three‐way syringe can reduce scanning errors.
Ecological specialization promotes diversity and diversification in the Eastern Mediterranean genus Ricotia (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Özüdoğru Barış , Karacaoğlu Çağaşan , Akaydın Galip , Erik Sadık , Mummenhoff Klaus , Sağlam İsmail Kudret 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite its amazing biodiversity, the Eastern Mediterranean remains a highly understudied region when compared with the Western Mediterranean, restricting our understanding of diversity across the entire Mediterranean. Here we use a combination of molecular markers and presence/absence data from all species of the Eastern Mediterranean genus Ricotia collected across its full geographic range to determine historical, ecological, and evolutionary factors responsible for lineage‐specific diversification in the Eastern Mediterranean. Network analysis based on molecular data revealed a high genetic structure within all lineages, and phylogenetic reconstructions based on the multispecies coalescent showed that within‐lineage diversification corresponded to the onset of the Mediterranean climate. Reconstruction of ancestral histories indicates that the genus originated within Anatolia and spread across the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant using the Taurus mountains. Ecological niche models suggest that local populations did not go through any major distributional shifts and have persisted in present‐day habitats since the Last Glacial Maximum. Furthermore, niche differentiation tests revealed significant differences between closely related species and showed the main variables predicting species limits to be different for each species. Our results give crucial information on the patterns and processes shaping diversity in the Eastern Mediterranean and show the main factors promoting diversification to be local environmental dynamics and ecological specialization and not large‐scale latitudinal movements, as often reported for southern Europe. By determining local and regional patterns of diversification in an Eastern Mediterranean genus, we further our understanding of the major trends influencing plant diversity in the Mediterranean basin as a whole.
A platoon regulation algorithm to improve the traffic performance of highway work zones
Authors: Cao Danni , Wu Jiaming , Wu Jianjun , Kulcsár Balázs , Qu Xiaobo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a cooperative traffic control strategy to increase the capacity of nonrecurrent bottlenecks such as work zones by making full use of the spatial resources upstream of work zones. The upstream area is divided into two zones: the regulation and the merging areas. The basic logic is that a large gap is more efficient in accommodating merging vehicles than several small and scattered gaps with the same total length. In the regulation area, a nonlinear programming model is developed to balance both traffic capacity improvements and safety risks. A two‐step solving algorithm is proposed for finding optimal solutions. In the merging area, the sorting algorithm is used to design lane‐changing trajectories based on the regulated platoons. A case study is conducted, and the results indicate that the proposed model is able to significantly improve work zone capacity with minor disturbances to the traffic.
Differential proteins associated with plasma membrane in X‐ and/or Y‐chromosome bearing spermatozoa in indicus cattle
Authors: Laxmivandana Rongala , Patole Chhaya , Sharma Tilak Raj , Sharma Kewal Krishan , Naskar Soumen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe differential proteins associated with plasma membrane of spermatozoa are less known, identification of which shall help overcome limitations of currently used methods of sperm sexing, considered as a high priority for livestock sector of many countries. This study has reported plasma membrane proteomics of unsorted spermatozoa and differential expression of plasma membrane‐associated proteins between X‐ and Y‐chromosome bearing spermatozoa of indicus cattle (Bos indicus). Isolation of plasma membrane fraction using percoll gradient, relatively a rapid method, from bovine spermatozoa has been reported to enrich isolation of plasma membrane proteins. Significant enrichment for plasma membrane‐associated proteins was observed in plasma membrane fraction (p < .05) as compared to the total cell lysate using LC‐MS/MS. Furthermore, these experiments were conducted in flow cytometry sorted, sexed‐semen samples. Thirteen proteins were identified as differentially abundant between X‐ and Y‐sorted spermatozoa. Among these, two proteins were downregulated in Y‐sorted spermatozoa compared to the X‐sorted spermatozoa (p < .05), while four and seven proteins could be noted in X‐ and Y‐sorted spermatozoa, respectively. Proteins that are presumed to support sperm capacitation and sperm migration velocity were found to be abundant in Y‐sorted spermatozoa while those associated with structural molecule activity were identified as abundant in X‐sorted spermatozoa in the present study. Our study provides better insight into the plasma membrane proteomics of spermatozoa of indicus cattle and furnishes data that might aid in design and development of alternate and open technology for sex‐sorting of semen.
Circulating regulators of the wingless pathway in precapillary pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Ueland Thor , Abraityte Aurelija , Norum Hilde , Varathalingam Sharanga , Gullestad Lars , Aukrust Pål , Andreassen Arne K. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and objectiveDysregulated Wnt signalling has been implicated in pulmonary hypertension (PH). We hypothesized that plasma levels of secreted Wnt proteins would be increased in patients with precapillary PH, correlate with indices of vascular resistance and cardiac function and give information on long‐term prognosis.MethodsWe measured the Wnt ligand Wnt5a and secreted Wnt antagonists Dickkopf (DKK) DKK1, DKK3, secreted frizzled‐related protein 3 (sFRP3), Wnt inhibitory factor‐1 (WIF1) and sclerostin (SOST) in 106 patients with precapillary PH and 40 healthy controls. A second sample was obtained after a median of 4 months (n = 52). During a median of 90 months follow‐up, 67 patients died.ResultsOur main findings were (i) Precapillary PH is characterized by enhanced systemic Wnt activity as reflected by elevated plasma levels of Wnt5a and secreted antagonists irrespective of diagnostic subgroups. (ii) WIF1 and in particular Wnt5a correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance and cardiac dysfunction. (iii) High levels of Wnt5a, sFRP3, DKK3 and WIF1 were associated with poor prognosis in age‐ and sex‐adjusted analysis (hazard ratios per log/SD change ~1.4) and for DKK3 after further adjustment with right arterial pressure, pulmonary oxygen saturation, cardiac index, N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide and peak oxygen uptake (VO2). Finally, an elevation of Wnt5a and DKK3 during follow‐up was independently associated with poor prognosis.ConclusionOur data indicate that Wnt signalling pathways could be implicated in the pathogenesis of precapillary PH, and that some of the Wnt‐related molecules (i.e., Wnt5a and DKK3) should be further investigated in these patients.
GATT/WTO membership–poverty nexus: An unconditional quantile regression approach
Authors: Kouwoaye Amèvi Rocard 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper uses unconditional quantile regression methods to evaluate the incidence of GATT/WTO membership on poverty in countries with different poverty rates. My results suggest that GATT/WTO membership increases significantly poverty across the entire unconditional distribution of poverty. Countries with the highest poverty rates incur larger poverty increases after joining GATT/WTO than countries with lower poverty rates. However, the results point out heterogeneity among countries depending on the reforms carried upon GATT/WTO membership. The results indicate that countries that conducted extensive policy reforms and were not subject to Article XXVI 5(c) are associated with poverty reduction. Also, by splitting the sample into groups of countries that have and do not have a comparative advantage in agriculture, I find that countries with lower poverty rates that are net exporters of agricultural products experience poverty reduction, whereas poverty increases in net importing countries across poverty quantiles. These results are robust across different unconditional quantile regression methods and to the selection bias.
Carbon dioxide laser surgery for chronic proliferative and obstructive otitis externa in 26 dogs
Authors: Aslan Jeylan , Shipstone Michael A. , Mackie John T. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundSome dogs with chronic otitis externa (OE) develop proliferation of the tissues surrounding the opening of the external ear canal, resulting in obstruction. Traditionally total ear canal ablation with bulla osteotomy (TECABO) has been recommended.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of a novel treatment using carbon dioxide (CO2) laser surgery and to describe the histopathological features of chronic proliferative and obstructive OE.AnimalsTwenty‐six dogs were included, 16 with bilateral and 10 with unilateral disease (42 ears were treated). Dogs with nonpatent horizontal ear canal or macroscopic calcification of the ear canal were excluded. For histopathological evaluation, tissue samples were collected from 11 dogs (17 ears).Methods and materialsHyperplastic tissue around the canal opening and within the vertical ear canal was dissected and ablated using a CO2laser. Biopsy samples were evaluated for sebaceous and ceruminous gland hyperplasia, epidermal hyperplasia, inflammation and fibrosis.ResultsFollowing CO2laser surgery there was a good or excellent outcome with substantial resolution of proliferative changes in 39 of 42 ears from 24 of 26 dogs. One surgery was sufficient in 21 dogs and three dogs had two surgeries. Two dogs had recurrence of proliferative tissue after one surgery and underwent TECABO. Two dogs had no recurrence of proliferative tissue after surgery, yet had persistent luminal infection and underwent TECABO. The remainder of the dogs were effectively medically managed long‐term following surgery. Histologically, eight ears had a predominantly sebaceous gland response, three had a predominantly ceruminous response and six had a mixed glandular pattern. Epidermal hyperplasia, inflammation and fibrosis varied from mild to severe.Conclusions and clinical relevanceCarbon dioxide laser surgery is an effective treatment of proliferative OE causing obstruction of the ear canal opening and vertical canal, and should be considered as an alternative to TECABO whenever possible.
CT measures of adrenal gland length and caudal pole diameter are reproducible in large breed dogs: A pilot study
Authors: Perfetti Simone , Diana Alessia , Baron Toaldo Marco , Cipone Mario , Quinci Manuela , Pey Pascaline 
Published: April 2021

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) is increasingly available to evaluate dogs with suspected adrenal disease, however, published studies describing the reproducibility of CT methods for quantifying adrenal gland (AG) measurements are lacking. This prospective, pilot, observer agreement study aimed to evaluate reproducibility and repeatability of two different methods of measurement of AGs on CT to establish a usable technique and define standard reference ranges. Multiplanar reformatted (MPR) CT images of both AGs of six large breed dogs were obtained with the MPR axis parallel to the spine and parallel to the long axis of the AG. Ten measurements were performed: maximal length and diameter at cranial and caudal poles on dorsal, sagittal, and transverse images; and minimal diameter of cranial and caudal poles on transverse images. Three observers with different levels of experience repeated these measurements three times for each dog. Intra‐ and interobserver variability were calculated through intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The differences in time to perform measurements between the two methods were tested with Student'st‐test. Regardless of the measurement method used, length of AGs on dorsal and sagittal MPR images had the lowest intra‐ and inter‐observer variability (ICC = 0.93‐0.99), diameter of caudal pole on transverse plane showed low intra‐ and interobserver variability (ICC = 0.77‐0.80) and diameter of cranial pole had the highest variability (ICC = 0.12‐0.61). Although length was the less variable measurement, its use may be unrealistic in daily practice. Interestingly measurement of caudal pole on transverse plane was characterized by low intra‐ and interobserver variability. No difference in time performing the measurements was noted between the two methods.