bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of gender on left ventricular deformation in patients with essential hypertension assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking
Authors: Li Xue‐Ming , Peng Li‐Qing , Shi Rui , Han Pei‐Lun , Yan Wei‐Feng , Yang Zhi‐Gang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLeft ventricular (LV) myocardial strain impairment has been demonstrated in hypertension despite normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF); however, limited data exist on any difference in results between genders. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gender on LV deformation in patients with essential hypertension. This was a cross‐sectional study, in which 94 patients (47 men and 47 women) with essential hypertension and 62 age‐ and gender‐matched controls (31 men and 31 women) were enrolled. A 3.0 T/two‐dimensional balanced steady‐state free precession cine, late gadolinium enhancement was used. The LV endocardial and epicardial contours were drawn by radiologists, then LV volumes, mass, function, and myocardial strain, including peak global radial (GRS), circumferential (GCS), and longitudinal strain (GLS) were automatically calculated. Chi‐square test, Student's t‐test, general linear model analysis, univariate linear regression analysis, stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis, and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis were performed. Women had significantly higher magnitudes of LV GRS, GCS, and GLS than men in both patients and controls (all p < 0.05). In the overall patients, LV GLS was significantly reduced compared with controls (p < 0.05), while GRS and GCS were preserved (p = 0.092 and 0.27, respectively). Compared with their counterpart controls, LV GRS, GCS, and GLS (all p < 0.05) were significantly reduced in hypertensive men, while only GLS (p < 0.05) was reduced in hypertensive women. Male gender and its interaction with hypertension were associated with higher LV mass and volume, decreased LV GRS, GCS, and GLS compared with hypertensive women. Multivariate analyses revealed that gender and LVEF were independently associated with GRS, GCS, and GLS (all p < 0.001) in hypertension. LV deformation is significantly reduced in hypertension, and gender may influence the response of LV deformation to hypertension, with men suffering more pronounced subclinical myocardial dysfunction.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage3
Select neurotrophins promote oligodendrocyte progenitor cell process outgrowth in the presence of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
Authors: Siebert Justin R. , Osterhout Donna J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAxonal damage and the subsequent interruption of intact neuronal pathways in the spinal cord are largely responsible for the loss of motor function after injury. Further exacerbating this loss is the demyelination of neighboring uninjured axons. The post‐injury environment is hostile to repair, with inflammation, a high expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) around the glial scar, and myelin breakdown. Numerous studies have demonstrated that treatment with the enzyme chondroitinase ABC (cABC) creates a permissive environment around a spinal lesion that permits axonal regeneration. Neurotrophic factors like brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurotrophic factor‐3 (NT‐3), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) have been used to promote neuronal survival and stimulate axonal growth. CSPGs expressed near a lesion also inhibit migration and differentiation of endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the spinal cord, and cABC treatment can neutralize this inhibition. This study examined the neurotrophins commonly used to stimulate axonal regeneration after injury and their potential effects on OPCs cultured in the presence of CSPGs. The results reveal differential effects on OPCs, with BDNF and GDNF promoting process outgrowth and NT‐3 stimulating differentiation of OPCs, while CNTF appears to have no observable effect. This finding suggests that certain neurotrophic agents commonly utilized to stimulate axonal regeneration after a spinal injury may also have a beneficial effect on the endogenous oligodendroglial cells as well.
Physiological traits, yield, and yield components relationship in winter and spring canola
Authors: Biabani Abbas , Foroughi Abbas , Karizaki Alli Rahemi , Rassam Ghorban Ali , Hashemi Masoud , Afshar Reza Keshavarz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding the relationship between physiological traits with yield and yield components is an essential step towards developing high‐yielding and high‐quality canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. This study aimed to explore further the relationship between some physiological features, including radiation use efficiency (RUE), and seed yield in canola.RESULTSSignificant differences were found among cultivars regarding maximum leaf area index (LAImax) and required days to achieve maximum LAI (DLAImax). All cultivars obtained the minimum LAI required to intercept 90% of the incident radiation, but at different times. Some cultivars like SW102 and Shirali had the same fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) when LAI was maximal, but SW102 had higher IPAR. This indicated that SW102 was more efficient in irradiation capacity and may have a higher photosynthesis rate when exposed to the high irradiation conditions. The average canola RUE in the current study was 3.80 and 3.63 g MJ−1 m−2 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. In general, the crop growth rate was higher in the first year than in the second year due to the fewer cloudy days and more incident radiation.CONCLUSIONResults indicated that duration of growth, crop growth rate, and harvest index were crucial for enhancing biomass and seed yield. Also, a relatively high correlation was found between the RUE and DLAImax. The cultivars that reached their maximum LAI later demonstrated higher RUE, and consequently had higher biological and seed yield. The results obtained could be used to develop an improved canola crop growth model and breeding programs. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Combination of solvent extraction with deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the analysis of aflatoxin M1 in cheese samples using response surface methodology optimization
Authors: Masrouri Mobin , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Nemati Mahboob , Lotfipour Farzaneh 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA new extraction procedure based on combination of a solvent extraction and deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction has been introduced for the extraction of aflatoxin M1 from cheese samples. In this method, acetonitrile, deionized water, and n‐hexane are added onto the sample and vortexed. Owning to different affinities of the substances in cheese toward the mentioned solvents, an efficient and selective extraction of the analyte is done in the acetonitrile phase. After centrifugation, the acetonitrile phase is removed and mixed with a new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent prepared from N,N‐diethanol ammonium chloride and carvacrol as an extraction solvent. The mixture is injected into deionized water, and a cloudy solution is obtained. Eventually, an aliquot of the organic phase is injected into high‐performance liquid chromatography‐fluorescence detection. After optimizing the effective parameters with the response surface methodology and a quadratic model, limits of detection and quantification were 0.74 and 2.56 ng/kg, respectively. The obtained extraction recovery and enrichment factor were 94% and 94, respectively. Also, intra‐ (n = 6) and interday (n = 4) precisions were less than or equal to 8.6% at a concentration of 5 ng/kg. The suggested method was applied to determine aflatoxin M1 in different cheese samples.
When the Label Does Not Match the Content of a Trial: “Well‐Being Therapy” in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Commentary on Radstaak et al. (2020)
Authors: Fava Giovanni A. , Guidi Jenny 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRadstaak, Hüning, and Bohlmeijer (2020) reported on a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of well‐being therapy (WBT) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) in the treatment of residual posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. No significant differences emerged between treatment conditions. However, our view is that what the authors labeled as WBT did not match the manualized psychotherapeutic strategy, and what was defined as TAU was actually an active control group. Further methodological limitations hinder the interpretation of results and make it difficult to draw conclusions from the study. Radstaak et al. (2020) deserve credit for addressing the vexing and neglected problem of residual symptoms in PTSD. However, the role of WBT in PTSD treatment still needs to be explored via an effectively designed RCT. Given that WBT does not require exposure to a patient's index traumatic event as a means of alleviating PTSD symptoms, WBT may represent a promising alternative to current treatments of PTSD.
Using Grazing to Manage Herbaceous Structure for a Heterogeneity‐Dependent Bird
Authors: Kraft John D. , Haukos David A. , Bain Matthew R. , Rice Mindy B. , Robinson Samantha , Sullins Dan S. , Hagen Christian A. , Pitman James , Lautenbach Joseph , Plumb Reid , Lautenbach Jonathan 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTGrazing management recommendations often sacrifice the intrinsic heterogeneity of grasslands by prescribing uniform grazing distributions through smaller pastures, increased stocking densities, and reduced grazing periods. The lack of patch‐burn grazing in semi‐arid landscapes of the western Great Plains in North America requires alternative grazing management strategies to create and maintain heterogeneity of habitat structure (e.g., animal unit distribution, pasture configuration), but knowledge of their effects on grassland fauna is limited. The lesser prairie‐chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus), an imperiled, grassland‐obligate, native to the southern Great Plains, is an excellent candidate for investigating effects of heterogeneity‐based grazing management strategies because it requires diverse microhabitats among life‐history stages in a semi‐arid landscape. We evaluated influences of heterogeneity‐based grazing management strategies on vegetation structure, habitat selection, and nest and adult survival of lesser prairie‐chickens in western Kansas, USA. We captured and monitored 116 female lesser prairie‐chickens marked with very high frequency (VHF) or global positioning system (GPS) transmitters and collected landscape‐scale vegetation and grazing data during 2013–2015. Vegetation structure heterogeneity increased at stocking densities ≤0.26 animal units/ha, where use by nonbreeding female lesser prairie‐chickens also increased. Probability of use for nonbreeding lesser prairie‐chickens peaked at values of cattle forage use values near 37% and steadily decreased with use ≥40%. Probability of use was positively affected by increasing pasture area. A quadratic relationship existed between growing season deferment and probability of use. We found that 70% of nests were located in grazing units in which grazing pressure was <0.8 animal unit months/ha. Daily nest survival was negatively correlated with grazing pressure. We found no relationship between adult survival and grazing management strategies. Conservation in grasslands expressing flora community composition appropriate for lesser prairie‐chickens can maintain appropriate habitat structure heterogeneity through the use of low to moderate stocking densities (<0.26 animal units/ha), greater pasture areas, and site‐appropriate deferment periods. Alternative grazing management strategies (e.g., rest‐rotation, season‐long rest) may be appropriate in grasslands requiring greater heterogeneity or during intensive drought. Grazing management favoring habitat heterogeneity instead of uniform grazing distributions will likely be more conducive for preserving lesser prairie‐chicken populations and grassland biodiversity. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Habitat Features Predict Carrying Capacity of a Recovering Marine Carnivore
Authors: Tinker M. Tim , Yee Julie L. , Laidre Kristin L. , Hatfield Brian B. , Harris Michael D. , Tomoleoni Joseph A. , Bell Tom W. , Saarman Emily , Carswell Lilian P. , Miles A. Keith 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThe recovery of large carnivore species from over‐exploitation can have socioecological effects; thus, reliable estimates of potential abundance and distribution represent a valuable tool for developing management objectives and recovery criteria. For sea otters (Enhydra lutris), as with many apex predators, equilibrium abundance is not constant across space but rather varies as a function of local habitat quality and resource dynamics, thereby complicating the extrapolation of carrying capacity (K) from one location to another. To overcome this challenge, we developed a state‐space model of density‐dependent population dynamics in southern sea otters (E. l. nereis), in which K is estimated as a continuously varying function of a suite of physical, biotic, and oceanographic variables, all described at fine spatial scales. We used a theta‐logistic process model that included environmental stochasticity and allowed for density‐independent mortality associated with shark bites. We used Bayesian methods to fit the model to time series of survey data, augmented by auxiliary data on cause of death in stranded otters. Our model results showed that the expected density at K for a given area can be predicted based on local bathymetry (depth and distance from shore), benthic substrate composition (rocky vs. soft sediments), presence of kelp canopy, net primary productivity, and whether or not the area is inside an estuary. In addition to density‐dependent reductions in growth, increased levels of shark‐bite mortality over the last decade have also acted to limit population expansion. We used the functional relationships between habitat variables and equilibrium density to project estimated values of K for the entire historical range of southern sea otters in California, USA, accounting for spatial variation in habitat quality. Our results suggest that California could eventually support 17,226 otters (95% CrI = 9,739–30,087). We also used the fitted model to compute candidate values of optimal sustainable population abundance (OSP) for all of California and for regions within California. We employed a simulation‐based approach to determine the abundance associated with the maximum net productivity level (MNPL) and propose that the upper quartile of the distribution of MNPL estimates (accounting for parameter uncertainty) represents an appropriate threshold value for OSP. Based on this analysis, we suggest a candidate value for OSP (for all of California) of 10,236, which represents 59.4% of projected K. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Wildlife Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
A note on chain‐based semi‐Heyting algebras
Authors: Cornejo Juan Manuel , Monteiro Luiz F. , Sankappanavar Hanamantagouda P. , Viglizzo Ignacio D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe determine the number of non‐isomorphic semi‐Heyting algebras on an n‐element chain, where n is a positive integer, using a recursive method. We then prove that the numbers obtained agree with those determined in [1]. We apply the formula to calculate the number of non‐isomorphic semi‐Heyting chains of a given size in some important subvarieties of the variety of semi‐Heyting algebras that were introduced in [5]. We further exploit this recursive method to calculate the numbers of non‐isomorphic semi‐Heyting chains with n elements such that removing the mth element () we are left with a subalgebra. We also solve a related problem posed in [1] of determining the number of ways a semi‐Heyting chain with elements can be extended to a n element semi‐Heyting chain by adding a new element in the mth place. Finally we combine these results by finding a second way to calculate the numbers that provides some extra information.
Decidable variables for constructive logics
Authors: Niki Satoru 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIshihara's problem of decidable variables asks which class of decidable propositional variables is sufficient to warrant classical theorems in intuitionistic logic. We present several refinements to the class proposed by Ishii for this problem, which also allows the class to cover Glivenko's logic. We also treat the extension of the problem to minimal logic, suggesting a couple of new classes.
Building better employer brands through employee social media competence and online social capital
Authors: Yoganathan Vignesh , Osburg Victoria‐Sophie , Bartikowski Boris 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDespite the significant and increasing influence of social media on employees' work lives, there is limited focus on employees' social media competencies from an employer branding or internal marketing perspective. Building on social identity and social exchange theories, this paper links employees' social media competence to an increase in online brand citizenship behaviour and reduction in feelings of psychological contract violation towards their employer's brand. We also examine the distinct mediatory effects of two forms of online social capital—bonding mediates the influence of employee social media competence on online brand citizenship and feelings of psychological contract violation, whilst Bridging only mediates the effect of social media competence on feelings of psychological contract violation. In doing so, we contribute to extant literature in two ways: (1) Address the need for research on social media in relation to employer branding; and (2) highlight the importance of building employee‐to‐employee and employee‐to‐employer relationships by virtual means in the context of employer branding. Therefore, this paper responds to calls for research that advances more responsible approaches to employer branding and internal marketing; that is, approaches that take into account employee competencies (emphasise need for skill development) as well as wellbeing (emphasise need for support).
Impulsivity Markers in Parkinsonian Subthalamic Single‐Unit Activity
Authors: Micheli Federico , Vissani Matteo , Pecchioli Guido , Terenzi Federica , Ramat Silvia , Mazzoni Alberto 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundImpulsive‐compulsive behaviors are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the basal ganglia dysfunctions associated with high impulsivity have not been fully characterized. The objective of this study was to identify the features associated with impulsive‐compulsive behaviors in single neurons of the subthalamic nucleus (STN).MethodsWe compared temporal and spectral features of 412 subthalamic neurons from 12 PD patients with impulsive‐compulsive behaviors and 330 neurons from 12 PD patients without. Single‐unit activities were extracted from exploratory microrecordings performed during deep brain stimulation (DBS) implant surgery in an OFF medication state.ResultsPatients with impulsive‐compulsive behaviors displayed decreased firing frequency during bursts and a larger fraction of tonic neurons combined with weaker beta coherence. Information carried by these features led to the identification of patients with impulsive‐compulsive behaviors with an accuracy greater than 80%.ConclusionsImpulsive‐compulsive behaviors in PD patients are associated with decreased bursts in STN neurons in the OFF medication state. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Two novel BTD mutations causing profound biotinidase deficiency in a Chinese patient
Authors: Geng Jia , Sun Yi , Zhao Yi , Xiong Wenyu , Zhong Mingjun , Zhang Yajuan , Zhao Qiuling , Bao Zhongwei , Cheng Jing , Lu Yu , Yuan Huijun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundBiotinidase deficiency (OMIM 253260) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder affecting about 1/60,000 people worldwide. The absence or deficiency of biotinidase impairs free biotin recycling and affects biotin‐dependent carboxylase functions.MethodsA Chinese patient with spontaneous recurrent epilepsy, an eczema‐like rash, hair loss, hypotonia, and hearing loss began at three months of age. Her biotinidase activity was 1.0 nmol/ml/min, 9.5% of the mean control activity, which confirmed profound biotinidase deficiency.ResultsCompound heterozygous for c.250‐1G > C and c.878dupT variants in the BTD gene were identified in this patient. These two variants were novel and absent in the population matched controls and any databases.ConclusionsThis study expanded the mutation spectrum of alterations of the BTD gene. Our patient also emphasized the critical role of biotinidase activity measurement combined with mutation analysis in early diagnosis of biotinidase deficiency.
Pedicled ipsilateral anterolateral thigh (ALT) with flow‐through to a secondary contralateral‐free ALT flap for coverage of large thigh, trochanteric, and gluteal area defects: A case report
Authors: Haque Shameem A. , Georgiou Andreas , Woollard Alexander 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReconstruction of the trochanteric area can be difficult in extensive defects postsarcoma resection. It requires a robust flap. In reconstructing the upper thigh, trochanteric, and gluteal area, a pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a good option. If the defect extends further than the pivot point of a single pedicled ALT, this can be used a flow‐through for a secondary free flap. Here we describe a case of a 66‐year‐old gentleman with a 25 cm × 15 cm defect in the trochanteric and gluteal area where a single pedicled ALT was insufficient for coverage and hence a second ALT from the contralateral leg is anastomosed to the distal runoff of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessel of the pedicled ALT, using it as the flow‐through donor vessel. This method requires less time if a second free flap is required and a smaller range of dissection, and it also facilitates anastomosis, as the vessel can be brought to the surface for anastomosis while supine before inset. The patient healed with no complications and received radiotherapy to the area. On 1‐year follow‐up, the area has healed well despite some contraction secondary to the radiotherapy. Using the pedicled ALT as a flow‐through for a second free flap is a useful adjunct to large defects in the gluteal and trochanteric area, which is a difficult area to reconstruct with limited donor vessels.
A 25 Gbps single‐end input limiting amplifier with loss of signal for low power integrated optical receivers
Authors: Hui Wang , Chen Yingmei , JinLong Zhan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA 25 Gbps limiting amplifier (LA) with loss of signal (LOS) detection is presented in this paper. The proposed LA is composed of an input buffer, three‐stage cascaded amplifier, an output buffer, a DC offset cancellation (DCOC) and a LOS circuit. The LA adopts single‐end input and differential output structure to reduce the complexity of optical receiver front‐end and therefore decrease power consumption drastically. DCOC circuit consists of a low‐pass filter and an operation amplifier to extract the DC point of transimpedance amplifier output signal. Replica peak detector is employed in LOS to overcome the fluctuations of process, voltage, temperature (PVT). Fabricated in 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology, the LA acquires gain of 43.5, –3 dB bandwidth of 20.6 GHz and differential output voltage swing of 350 mV. With the 20 mV PRBS31 input data, the peak‐to‐peak jitter of output signal is 13.9 ps. When the input swing is larger than 40 mV, the peak‐to‐peak jitter is decreased to 7.5 ps. The whole LA with LOS chip only consumes 25.2 mW with a 1.8 V supply voltage.