bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Thalidomide and Recombinant Human Interferon-α-1b and Interleukin-2 for Acute Myeloid Leukemia of Various Disease Status: A Multi-Center Prospective Study
Authors: Mi Ruihua , Chen Lin , Wang Xiaojiao , Yin Qingsong , Wang Zhanfang , Ma Xiaomiao , Xu Yulin , Chen Shuxia , Wang Genjie , Yang Haiping , Li Zhichun , Wang Huirui , Zhao Hongmiao , Guo Shuli , Song Qinglin , Li Weiyong , Li Jingdong , Song Yongping , Wei Xudong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of combined recombinant human interferon-α-1b (IFN-α1b), thalidomide, and recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) in treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients of various disease status and vulnerabilities. Methods: Patients with AML (n = 166) were treated with combined recombinant IFN-α1b, thalidomide, and recombinant IL-2 (ITI regimen). The rates of partial and complete remission, minimal residual disease (MRD) status, quality of life, and long-term survival were compared among 3 patient groups. Lymphocyte profiles and relevant cytokine levels determined from peripheral blood samples of patients (pre- and post-treatment) and healthy individuals were compared. (Registration number: ChiCTR-ONC-14004688; Registered 23 May 2014, www.chictr.org.cn)Results: Sixty patients with primary AML who were unable to receive chemotherapy, or with relapsed/refractory AML, showed a total response rate of 30% after undergoing the ITI regime, and maintained a good quality of life. Eighteen patients with morphologically complete remission and consistently positive MRD achieved a response rate of 72.2%: the MRD converted to negative or was mitigated in 9 and 4 patients, respectively; 5 patients did not respond. For 88 patients with initial complete remission and negative MRD, 11 failed to maintain the negative MRD, and the relapse rate was 12.5%. The ITI regime was associated with substantial anti-leukemic changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles and cytokine levels. Conclusions: The ITI regimen may be an effective and affordable option for patients with AML who cannot tolerate conventional chemotherapy, including those with relapsed/refractory disease, or complete remission status but MRD-positive, or after initial complete remission.
Gestational Weight Gain During the Second and Third Trimesters and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes, Results From a Prospective Pregnancy Cohort in Urban Tanzania
Authors: Yang Jiaxi , Wang Molin , Tobias Deirdre K. , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Darling Anne Marie , Abioye Ajibola I. , Pembe Andrea B. , Madzorera Isabel , Fawzi Wafaie W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) is important for optimal pregnancy outcomes. This study prospectively evaluated the associations between GWG during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes in an urban Tanzanian pregnancy cohort. Methods We used data from a randomized clinical trial conducted among pregnant women recruited by 27 weeks of gestation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (N = 1,230). Women’s gestational weight was measured at baseline and at monthly antenatal visits. Weekly GWG rate during the second and third trimesters was calculated and characterized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive, in conjunction with measured or imputed early-pregnancy BMI status according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG guidelines. We used multivariable Poisson regression with a sandwich variance estimator to calculate risk ratios (RR) for associations of GWG with low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Degree of appropriate GWG defined using additional metrics (i.e., percentage of adequacy, z-score) and potential effect modification by maternal BMI were additionally evaluated. Results According to the IOM guidelines, 517 (42.0%), 270 (22.0%), and 443 (36.0%) women were characterized as having inadequate, adequate, and excessive GWG, respectively. Overall, compared to women with adequate GWG, women with inadequate GWG had a lower risk of LGA births (RR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.36 - 0.80) and a higher risk of SGA births (RR=1.32, 95% CI: 0.95 - 1.81). ­­Women with inadequate GWG as defined by percentage of GWG adequacy had a higher risk of LBW (OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.03 - 3.63). In stratified analyses by early-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG among women with normal BMI was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth (RR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.03 - 2.44). Conclusions A comparatively high percentage of excessive GWG was observed among healthy pregnant women in Tanzania. Both inadequate and excessive GWGs were associated with elevated risks of poor pregnancy outcomes. Future studies among diverse SSA populations are warranted to confirm our findings, and clinical recommendations on optimal GWG should be developed to promote healthy GWG in SSA settings. Trial registration This trial was registered as “Prenatal Iron Supplements: Safety and Efficacy in Tanzania” (NCT01119612; http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01119612).
Hierarchy of Scientific Evidence and Thematic Analysis of African Neurosurgery Research – a Scoping Review
Authors: Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Nguembu Stéphane , Zolo Yvan , Sichimba Dawin , Rolle Myron L. , Ammar Adam , Bankole Nourou Dine Adeniran , Kabulo Kantenga DM , Cheserem Beverly , Park Kee B. , Karekezi Claire , Esene Ignatius 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAfrican neurosurgical practice is faced with numerous challenges. Although there have been improvements in recent years, some problems persist. Research can help identify these problems and propose solutions for the growth of African neurosurgery. In this study, we decided to evaluate the landscape of African research.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 24, 2020. Duplicate articles were excluded, and at least two authors reviewed non-duplicate articles on Rayyan. After data had been extracted, they were analyzed to generate descriptive statistics (number of articles and articles per local neurosurgeon). The Kruskal Wallis test and Spearman's correlation were used for bivariate data analyses.ResultsThe authors reviewed 667 articles on neurosurgery in 34 (63%, n=54) African countries. Malawi (4.50), South Africa (3.33), and Benin (2.33) had the highest number of articles per local neurosurgeon (after excluding articles by foreign researchers). Foreign researchers published 1.0 (IQR=2.5) articles per country. Articles were published in World Neurosurgery (120, 18.0%), South African Medical Journal (44, 6.6%), and Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics (34, 5.1%). The articles were on pediatric neurosurgery (167, 25.0%) and neurotrauma (129, 19.3%). Also, the majority (411, 61.6%) of studies were cross-sectional.ConclusionAfrican neurosurgeons produce a median of 0.4 articles and publish in well-established journals. Collaboration with foreign researchers significantly increases local research output. In the future, we should assess the impact of this research.
Rational Route of Delivery Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (ICM): a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: ting Huang Yan , Weizhao Lin , Xiangbin Yang , Shuqing Chen , Kai Gao , Yiwan Su , Zhishan Lin , Meiling Xu , Zhi Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may have therapeutic potential for both acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). However, the rational route of delivery MSC therapy has not reached consensus. We performed a systematic review of clinical trials evaluating the rational route of delivery MSCs for AMI or ICM.Methods: Databases including Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to February 2021. Studies that examined the use of MSCs in adults with AMI or ICM were eligible. Bias of included studies were assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The primary outcome was cardiac function assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the secondary outcome was cardiac remodeling which was assessed by left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), we also explored the safety between different routes. Results: 18 studies fulfilled eligibility criteria, which consist of 11 studies evaluated AMI and 7 studies evaluated ICM. In AMI group, only when patients received intracoronary infusion(IC) can improve LVEF (SMD 0.88, 95% CI 0.64-1.12), and there was a decrease in LVEDV&LVESV when administered IC or intravenous infusion (IV). While in ICM group, no significant difference in LVEF was noted no matter administered which route, and transendocardial stem cell injection(TESI) seems to be effective in decreasing LVEDV&LVESV. Safety appeared no difference between different routes. Conclusions: Results from our systematic review suggest that intracoronary infusion seems more effective for MSC’s delivery in AMI group, while in ICM group, TESI better.
Understanding Low-value Care and Associated De-implementation Processes: A Qualitative Study of Choosing Wisely Interventions Across Canadian Hospitals
Authors: Parker Gillian , Kastner Monika , Born Karen , Shahid Nida , Berta Whitney 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:Choosing Wisely (CW) is an international movement comprised of national campaigns in more than 20 countries to reduce low-value care (LVC). Hospitals and healthcare providers are examining existing practices and putting interventions in place to reduce practices that offer little to no benefit to patients or may cause them harm. De-implementation, the reduction or removal of a healthcare practice is an emerging field of research. Little is known about the factors which (i) sustain LVC; and (ii) the magnitude of the problem of LVC. In addition, little is known about the processes of de-implementation, and if and how these processes differ from implementation endeavours. The objective of this study was to explicate the myriad factors which impact the processes and outcomes of de-implementation initiatives that are designed to address national Choosing Wisely campaign recommendations.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals implementing Choosing Wisely Canada recommendations in healthcare settings in four provinces. The interview guide was developed using concepts from the literature and the Implementation Process Model (IPM) as a framework. All interviews were conducted virtually, recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results:Seventeen Choosing Wisely team members were interviewed. Participants identified numerous provider factors, most notably habit, which sustain LVC. Contrary to reporting in recent studies, the majority of LVC in the sample was not ‘patient facing’; therefore, patients were not a significant driver for the LVC, nor a barrier to reducing it. Participants detailed aspects of the magnitude of the problems of LVC, specifically the impact of harm and resources. Unique factors influencing the processes of de-implementation reported were: influence of Choosing Wisely campaigns, availability of data, lack of targets and hard-coded interventions.Conclusions: This study explicates factors ranging from those which impact the maintenance of LVC to factors that impact the success of de-implementation interventions intended to reduce them. The findings draw attention to the significance of unintentional factors, highlight the importance of understanding the impact of harm and resources to reduce LVC and illuminate the overstated impact of patients in de-implementation literature. These findings illustrate the complexities of de-implementation.
A Portfolio of Geographically Distinct Laboratory-adapted Plasmodium Falciparum Clones With Consistent Infection Rates in Anopheles Mosquitoes
Authors: de Vegte-Bolmer Marga van , Graumans Wouter , Stoter Rianne , Gemert Geert-Jan van , Sauerwein Robert , Collins Katharine , Bousema Teun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe ability to culture P. falciparum continuously in vitro has enabled stable access to asexual and sexual parasites for malaria research. The portfolio of isolates has remained limited and research is still largely based on NF54 and its derived clone 3D7. Since 1978, isolates were collected and cryopreserved at Radboudumc from patients presenting at the hospital. Here, procedures are described for culture adaptation of asexual parasites, cloning and production of sexual stage parasites responsible for transmission (gametocytes) and production of oocysts in Anopheles mosquitoes. This study aimed to identify new culture adapted transmissible P. falciparum isolates, originating from distinct geographical locations.ResultsOut of a collection of 121 P. falciparum isolates stored in liquid nitrogen, 21 from different geographical origin were selected for initial testing. Isolates were evaluated for their ability to be asexually cultured in vitro, their gametocyte production capacity, and consistent generation of oocysts. Out of 21 isolates tested, twelve were excluded from further analysis due to lack of mature gametocyte production (n = 1) or generation of satisfactory numbers of oocysts in mosquitoes (n = 11). Nine isolates fulfilled selection criteria and were cloned by limiting dilution and retested. After cloning, one isolate was excluded for not showing transmission. The remaining eight isolates transmitted to A. stephensi or A. coluzzii mosquitoes and were categorized into two groups with a reproducible mean oocyst infection intensity above (n = 5) or below five (n = 3). ConclusionsThese new P. falciparum culture adapted isolates with reproducible transmission to Anopheles mosquitoes are a valuable addition to the malaria research tool box. They can aid in the development of malaria interventions and will be particularly useful for those studying malaria transmission.
A Systematic Review of the Literature for Suicide Prevention Interventions Initiated in Emergency Departments in the United States
Authors: Costello Scott , Li Jinjin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Suicide is a leading cause of death around the world. In the United States, the suicide rate continues to increase with US Emergency Departments seeing over 500,000 suicide-related visits each year. Authors conducted a systematic literature review to determine the range of interventions administered in the ED. Methods: This is the first systematic literature review of this topic. The review is limited to studies conducted in Emergency Departments located in the United States with interventions that were initiated in the ED setting. Results: Of the 2,735 titles and abstracts identified, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. A narrow range of suicide prevention interventions are administered in the ED. Conclusions: Opportunities exist for additional types of suicide prevention interventions in the ED.
A Beneficial Role of Computer-aided Diagnosis System for Less Experienced Physicians in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodule on Ultrasound
Authors: Kang Sunyoung , Lee Eunjung , Chung Chae Won , Jang Han Na , Moon Joon Ho , Shin Yujin , Kim Kyuho , Li Ying , Shin Soo Myoung , Kim Yoo Hyung , Kwon Seul Ki , Ahn Chang Ho , Jung Kyong Yeun , Hong A Ram , Park Young Joo , Park Do Joon , Kwak Jin Young , Cho Sun Wook 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ultrasonography is the primary diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules, while the accuracy is highly operator-dependent. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ultrasonography with computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has assisting roles to physicians in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. 451 thyroid nodules (³ 1 cm) evaluated by fine-needle aspiration cytology following surgery were included. 300 (66.5%) of them were diagnosed as malignancy. Thirteen physicians who had 0 months (E0, n=8), 1 year (E1, n=2), or more than 5 years (E5, n=3) of experience in ultrasonography reviewed the prepared ultrasound images of thyroid nodules before and after CAD assistance. The diagnostic performance of CAD was comparable to that of the E5 group, and better than those of the E0 and E1 groups. The AUC of the CAD for conventional PTC was higher than that for FTC and follicular variant PTC (0.925 vs. 0.499), independent of tumor size. CAD assistance significantly improved diagnostic performance in E0 group, but not in the E1 and E5 groups. In conclusion, the CAD system showed good performance in the diagnosis of conventional PTC. CAD assistance improved the diagnostic performance of physicians with less experience in ultrasonography, especially in the diagnosis of conventional PTC.
Aldosterone, Dexamethasone and Triamcinolone Activate African Lungfish Mineralocorticoid Receptor: Increased Activation After Removal of the Amino-Terminal Domain
Authors: Katsu Yoshinao , Oana Shin , Lin Xiaozhi , Hyodo Susumu , Baker Michael E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A distinct mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) ortholog first appears in cartilaginous fishes, such as sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras. Although aldosterone, the main physiological mineralocorticoid in humans and other terrestrial vertebrates, is a transcriptional activator of skate MR and elephant shark MR, aldosterone is not synthesized by cartilaginous fishes. Aldosterone, first appears in lungfish, which are lobe-finned fish that are forerunners of terrestrial vertebrates. Aldosterone activation of the MR regulates internal homeostasis of water, sodium and potassium, which was critical in the conquest of land by vertebrates. We studied transcriptional activation of the slender African lungfish (Protopterus dolloi) MR by aldosterone, other corticosteroids and progesterone and find that aldosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol and progesterone have half-maximal responses (EC50s) below 1 nM and are potential physiological mineralocorticoids. In contrast, EC50s for corticosterone and cortisol were 23 nM and 66 nM, respectively. Unexpectedly, truncated lungfish MR, consisting of the DNA-binding domain, hinge domain and steroid-binding domain, had a stronger response to aldosterone, other corticosteroids and progesterone than did full-length lungfish MR, indicating that an allosteric action of the N-terminal domain represses steroid activation of lungfish MR. This contrasts to human MR in which the N-terminal domain contains an activation function. BLAST searches of GenBank did not retrieve a GR ortholog, leading us to test dexamethasone and triamcinolone for activation of lungfish MR. At 10 nM, both synthetic glucocorticoids are about 4-fold stronger than 10 nM aldosterone in activating full-length lungfish MR, leading us to propose that lungfish MR also functions as a GR.
Neuropathic Extremity Pain in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Preventive and Personalized Approach
Authors: Uzunköprü Cihat , Yılmaz Gizem Öztürk , Beckmann Yeşim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNeuropathic extremity pain is a disabling symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of neuropathic extremity pain among patients with multiple sclerosis and to assess its effect on quality of life.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study included 180 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Douleur Neuropathique 4 pain scale and Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs pain scale were used to evaluate neuropathic pain. The effect of neuropathic extremity pain on quality of life was assessed by the 36-Item Short Form Survey. ResultsThe mean age and the mean disease duration were 38.78±9.37 and 8.96±6.93 years, respectively. The prevalence of neuropathic extremity pain was 38.9% in the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs pain scale and 47.8% in the Douleur Neuropathique 4 pain scale. The presence of neuropathic extremity pain was associated with the higher Expanded Disability Status Scale in the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs pain scale (p=0.015) and the longer disease duration in the Douleur Neuropathique 4 pain scale (p=0.021). All patients with psychiatric disorders reported neuropathic extremity pain. Lower 36-Item Short Form Survey scores were obtained in patients with neuropathic extremity pain than patients without neuropathic extremity pain in all domains of 36-Item Short Form Survey.ConclusionsThis study suggests that neuropathic extremity pain is a common symptom among patients with multiple sclerosis. Higher disability and longer disease duration are associated with neuropathic extremity pain. The presence of pain and psychiatric disorders are related to the impairment of the quality of life.Relevance of the article for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine Questioning of pain is often neglected in multiple sclerosis practice. However, identification and treatment of pain has the potential to increase the quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis. This article emphasizes that revealing the presence of pain might improve clinical outcome in multiple sclerosis patients providing personalized approaches to disease course.
Ressignificação do TEPT a partir da clínica psicodinâmica do trabalho
Authors: Gomes Souza Ronaldo , Mendes Ana Magnólia 
Published: June 2021

As exigências da gestão neoliberal globalizante atual precarizam as relações de trabalho, diminuem os direitos trabalhistas, negam a cidadania e são fontes de sofrimentos e doenças no trabalho como depressão, burnout, estresse, sobretudo o Transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). O objetivo desse ensaio teórico é apresentar a perspectiva da clínica psicodinâmica do trabalho como possível solução dos trabalhadores ressignificarem o sofrimento patogênico do TEPT. O método da clínica psicodinâmica do trabalho consiste no processo de fala e escuta do sofrimento no trabalho. Para tal, é preciso conhecer o contexto e a organização do trabalho no qual os sujeitos adoecidos estão e criar condições na relação do pesquisador-clínico com os trabalhadores adoecidos para ressignifcarem o sofrimento causado pelo TEPT no trabalho, em diferentes etapas. Conclui-se que, uma vez que se reconhece o potencial sofrimento do TEPT no contexto laboral, a Psicologia do Trabalho precisa desenvolver novas alternativas éticas e políticas de intervenção que crie condições para os trabalhadores adoecidos vivenciarem situações de prazer e saúde no trabalho, tal é a proposta da clínica psicodinâmica do trabalho. Novos resultados estão em processo de desenvolvimento no Clinical Psychodynamic of Work Lab. at University of Brasília para fortalecimento dessa perspectiva.
Rostro deshecho. Por un arte menor y sus alcances políticos en Deleuze
Authors: Castro-Serrano Borja , Fernández Ramírez Cristian 
Published: June 2021

El presente texto tiene por objetivo evidenciar una de las posibles vinculaciones que existen entre arte y política en el pensamiento de Gilles Deleuze. Para lo anterior, se trabajará en base a la formulación del “proyecto baconiano” que Deleuze enuncia en su texto Lógica de la sensación y que tiene por principio deshacer el rostro. Dicho esto, desarrollamos el concepto de rostridad o rostrificación que el autor teoriza de modo crítico en contraposición al rostro deshecho, mostrando las vinculaciones entre el arte y la política. Se concluye con la idea de que un arte menor y una política menor afectaría y atravesaría este proyecto (político) baconiano que el autor llama “deshacer el rostro”.