bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lubrication Practices and Receptive Anal Sex: Implications for STI Transmission and Prevention
Authors: Lee Austin , Gaither Thomas W. , Langston Marvin E. , Cohen Stephanie E. , Breyer Benjamin N. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Implications of lubricant use in men having sex with men (MSM) are poorly characterized, particularly associations with sexual behavior and rectal sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk.

Aim
We sought to clarify covariates associated with lubrication type including differing sexual preferences and rectal STI prevalence.

Methods
Primary English-speaking individuals ≥18 years old visiting San Francisco City Clinic (SFCC) between April and May of 2018 who endorsed lubricant use during receptive anal sex within the last 3 months were studied. Associations between lubrication type used and collected covariates were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical variables. We used logistic regression to examine the association between lubrication type and rectal STI test result.

Main Outcome Measures
Rectal STI test positivity.

Results
From all enrolled participants, 179 completed the survey and endorsed use of a lubricant during receptive anal sex within the last 3 months. Silicone lubricant users had the most sexual partners in the last 3 months (13 [mean] ± 30 [SD], P= .0003) and were most likely to have a history of gonorrhea. Oil-based lubricant users had the most partners with whom they had receptive anal sex in the last 3 months (7 ± 6, P= .03). Water-based lubricant users most commonly used a condom in their last sexual encounter and had the fewest sexual partners in the last 3 months (4 ± 4, P= .0003). Spit/saliva lubricant use was associated with positive rectal STI result.

Conclusion
Silicone and oil-based lubricant users were more likely to report condomless receptive anal sex and to have a history of gonorrhea while spit/saliva lubricant use associated with positive rectal STI acquisition.
La Charte québécoise des droits et libertés permet-elle de mobiliser l’intersectionnalité comme cadre d’analyse de la discrimination? Quelques pistes de réflexion
Authors: Tanguay Vanessa 
Published: March 2021

RésuméCet article s’interroge sur les différentes possibilités susceptibles d’éclairer la norme juridique antidiscriminatoire québécoise, soit l’interdiction de discrimination prévue à l’article 10 de la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne du Québec, par le cadre théorique de l’intersectionnalité. On procédera à un bref survol de la pensée intersectionnelle telle que développée dans les disciplines externes au droit ainsi qu’un portrait de son intégration au droit sont dressés afin de comprendre la pertinence de l’intersectionnalité pour appréhender la « réalité » sociale de la discrimination. Quelques points d’ancrage de la mobilisation de l’intersectionnalité seront présentés dans une perspective de réinvestissement du droit vers une appréhension élargie de cette « réalité » sociale par la norme juridique. Il est ainsi proposé de repenser les catégorisations juridiques et de déconstruire les dynamiques d’oppression en ouvrant des possibilités de mobilisation concrètes au moment de l’énonciation et de l’interprétation par la pratique judiciaire des éléments constitutifs de l’acte discriminatoire.
15000 Exploring team science, professional networks, and innovation success in the THRIVE COVID-19 fellowship program
Authors: Fattah Layla , Gabrilove Janice , Oemke Holly , Borrello Joseph , Baker Turner , Costa Kevin D. , Putrino David , Costa Anthony 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Implement and evaluate a fellowship program to foster a new generation of entrepreneurial and collaboratively-minded team scientists, equipped with the knowledge and skills to innovate technology-based solutions for COVID-19 to advance human health OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Mount Sinai Targeted Healthcare Innovation Fellowship (THRIVE) is a 9-month program for participants from diverse professional backgrounds to develop HealthTech innovations related to COVID-19. The program is designed to provide an experiential team science platform for fellows to take an idea from concept to commercially viable innovation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Following a competitive application process, 16 THRIVE fellows comprise four teams working collaboratively in an online forum with input from experts in the field. Success of the program will be evaluated by:assessing pre- and post- collaborative research orientation among THRIVE fellows using the ROI scale1using social network analysis (SNA) to investigate the social networks of THRIVE fellows to capture patterns of communication and collaboration related to innovation developmentexploring participant experiences of group formation, teamwork and collaboration related to innovation development using one-to-one semi-structured interviewdetermining team success in innovation development, measured by number of publications, funding awarded, provisional patents and viable products. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Paired t-tests will determine whether collaborative orientation of THRIVE fellows changes pre- vs. post- program participation, indicating changes in attitude toward multidisciplinary team work. SNA will be used to describe structural patterns of communication that occur at individual and group levels. Network-level indices will provide insight into patterns of communication that exist in innovation development: degree centrality (number of connections per individual), betweenness centrality (number of bridges to others in a network), closeness centrality (closeness to others in a network). We will also test for associations between network characteristics and team success. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Understanding patterns of formal and informal relationships, interactions, and perceptions of the collaborative process among individuals in THRIVE teams will elucidate whether such a program can provide an effective forum for team science and innovation development related to COVID-19.
78046 The Kansas City Quality & Value Innovation Consortium (KC QVIC): Leveraging Team Science, Translational Research and Training to Improve the Value of Healthcare in the Community
Authors: Farr Stacy , Spertus Jon , Stowe James , Hagle Holly , Sawyer Jacque 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Implementing a team science approach with broad engagement from academic researchers, healthcare payers, providers, patients, and community-based organizations is complex, yet critical to implementing evidence into real world settings. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: 1. Participants will be able to deploy novel strategies for creating and training a regional multi-stakeholder consortium to improve the quality and value of healthcare.2. Participants will be to examine ways in which team science provides holistic sustainable strategies to improve care and outcomes in real-world settings. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Quality & Value Innovation Consortium (QVIC) has created a network of hospitals and other stakeholders (providers, payers, purchasers, patients, community-based organizations, and researchers) to collaborate and innovate on healthcare delivery. This initiative began with a team of a physician researcher, a health services researcher, and a nurse researcher first identifying healthcare systems’ priorities through individual meetings with leadership from 14 regional hospitals. Concurrently, meetings were held with other stakeholders. These interviews identified 32 key quality improvement topics.Focus groups and surveys reduced these to 11 topics that were then selected for community forums. Through a mixed methods approach, two priority topics were selected for regional implementation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The QVIC meetings have prioritized two topics and highlighted novel information sharing across entities, and strategies to address the social determinants of health. The QVIC efforts have been recognized as a community asset for helping build collaboration and partnerships among diverse stakeholders. Ultimately, two regional initiatives, opioid management, and transitions in heart failure care were selected for implementation. Both of these initiatives aim to reduce readmissions by addressing social determinants of health. Implementation strategies and evaluation metrics are being customized for pragmatic integration within each system, utilizing a collaborative team science approach. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: While the entire country is grappling with the challenge of improving the quality of care, while lowering its costs, Kansas City has modeled a unique culture and strategy for achieving this goal, important for learning health systems and communities.
Asymptotic expansion of low-energy excitations for weakly interacting bosons
Authors: Boßmann Lea , Petrat Sören , Seiringer Robert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider a system ofNbosons in the mean-field scaling regime for a class of interactions including the repulsive Coulomb potential. We derive an asymptotic expansion of the low-energy eigenstates and the corresponding energies, which provides corrections to Bogoliubov theory to any order in$1/N$.
Research agenda: Researching grammar teaching and learning in the second language classroom
Authors: Collins Laura , Ruivivar June 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe propose five research tasks targeting grammar teaching and learning, focusing on extending previous research and exploring under-studied features and contexts. The first two tasks outline replications and extensions of seminal studies on pedagogical grammar, Toth (2008) and Samuda (2001), designed to advance our understanding of the teacher role in providing rich practice opportunities. Another task examines how features of peer interaction during oral communication might encourage attention to grammar among young second language (L2) classroom learners in school-based foreign language programs, a common yet under-studied context. A fourth task investigates the unique properties of spoken grammar across languages and effective approaches for its teaching and learning, and the fifth explores the (re)design and use of corpus-based tools to enhance accessibility and learner autonomy in data-driven grammar learning. Each task is designed to be feasible across a variety of classroom contexts and target languages. We highlight concrete implications for language pedagogy and include suggestions for capturing both learning outcomes and participants’ perspectives on their learning and teaching, using a range of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. We end with some thoughts on repetitive practice for learning certain features of grammar, and recommendations for collaborative research that would encourage greater replication of future studies.
A Global Flood Risk Modeling Framework Built With Climate Models and Machine Learning
Authors: Carozza David A. , Boudreault Mathieu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLarge scale flood risk analyses are fundamental to many applications requiring national or international overviews of flood risk. While large‐scale climate patterns such as teleconnections and climate change become important at this scale, it remains a challenge to represent the local hydrological cycle over various watersheds in a manner that is physically consistent with climate. As a result, global models tend to suffer from a lack of available scenarios and flexibility that are key for planners, relief organizations, regulators, and the financial services industry to analyze the socioeconomic, demographic, and climatic factors affecting exposure. Here we introduce a data‐driven, global, fast, flexible, and climate‐consistent flood risk modeling framework for applications that do not necessarily require high‐resolution flood mapping. We use statistical and machine learning methods to examine the relationship between historical flood occurrence and impact from the Dartmouth Flood Observatory (1985–2017), and climatic, watershed, and socioeconomic factors for 4,734 HydroSHEDS watersheds globally. Using bias‐corrected output from the NCAR CESM Large Ensemble (1980–2020), and the fitted statistical relationships, we simulate 1 million years of events worldwide along with the population displaced in each event. We discuss potential applications of the model and present global flood hazard and risk maps. The main value of this global flood model lies in its ability to quickly simulate realistic flood events at a resolution that is useful for large‐scale socioeconomic and financial planning, yet we expect it to be useful to climate and natural hazard scientists who are interested in socioeconomic impacts of climate.
Superior survival with pediatric-style chemotherapy compared to myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in older adolescents and young adults with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first complete remission: analysis from CALGB 10403 and the CIBMTR
Authors: Wieduwilt Matthew J. , Stock Wendy , Advani Anjali , Luger Selina , Larson Richard A. , Tallman Martin , Appelbaum Frederick , Zhang Mei-Jie , Bo-Subait Khalid , Wang Hai-Lin , Bhatt Vijaya Raj , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Eapen Mary , Hamadani Mehdi , Jamy Omer , Prestidge Tim , Pulsipher Michael , Ritchie David , Rizzieri David , Sharma Akshay , Barba Pere , Sandmaier Brenda M. , de Lima Marcos , Kebriaei Partow , Litzow Mark , Saber Wael , Weisdorf Daniel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOptimal post-remission therapy for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first complete remission (CR1) is not established. We compared overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse, and non-relapse mortality (NRM) for patients receiving post-remission therapy on CALGB 10403 to a cohort undergoing myeloablative (MA) allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in CR1. In univariate analysis, OS was superior with chemotherapy compared to MA allogeneic HCT (3-year OS 77% vs. 53%, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, allogeneic HCT showed inferior OS (HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.5–2.66, P < 0.001), inferior DFS (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.25–2.12, P < 0.001), and increased NRM (HR 5.41, 95% CI 3.23–9.06, P < 0.001) compared to chemotherapy. A higher 5-year relapse incidence was seen with chemotherapy compared to allogeneic HCT (34% vs. 23%, P = 0.011). Obesity was independently associated with inferior OS (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.63–2.89, P < 0.001), inferior DFS (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.51–2.57, P < 0.001), increased relapse (1.84, 95% CI 1.31–2.59, P < 0.001), and increased NRM (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.37–3.23, P < 0.001). For AYA ALL patients in CR1, post-remission therapy with pediatric-style chemotherapy is superior to MA allogeneic HCT for OS, DFS, and NRM.
Integrated characterization of SARS-CoV-2 genome, microbiome, antibiotic resistance and host response from single throat swabs
Authors: Lu Bo , Yan Yi , Dong Liting , Han Lingling , Liu Yawei , Yu Junping , Chen Jianjun , Yi Danyang , Zhang Meiling , Deng Xin , Wang Chao , Wang Runkun , Wang Dengpeng , Wei Hongping , Liu Di , Yi Chengqi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, poses a severe threat to humanity. Rapid and comprehensive analysis of both pathogen and host sequencing data is critical to track infection and inform therapies. In this study, we performed unbiased metatranscriptomic analysis of clinical samples from COVID-19 patients using a recently developed RNA-seq library construction method (TRACE-seq), which utilizes tagmentation activity of Tn5 on RNA/DNA hybrids. This approach avoids the laborious and time-consuming steps in traditional RNA-seq procedure, and hence is fast, sensitive, and convenient. We demonstrated that TRACE-seq allowed integrated characterization of full genome information of SARS-CoV-2, putative pathogens causing coinfection, antibiotic resistance, and host response from single throat swabs. We believe that the integrated information will deepen our understanding of pathogenesis and improve diagnostic accuracy for infectious diseases.
Selective packaging of mitochondrial proteins into extracellular vesicles prevents the release of mitochondrial DAMPs
Authors: Todkar Kiran , Chikhi Lilia , Desjardins Véronique , El-Mortada Firas , Pépin Geneviève , Germain Marc 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMost cells constitutively secrete mitochondrial DNA and proteins in extracellular vesicles (EVs). While EVs are small vesicles that transfer material between cells, Mitochondria-Derived Vesicles (MDVs) carry material specifically between mitochondria and other organelles. Mitochondrial content can enhance inflammation under pro-inflammatory conditions, though its role in the absence of inflammation remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that cells actively prevent the packaging of pro-inflammatory, oxidized mitochondrial proteins that would act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) into EVs. Importantly, we find that the distinction between material to be included into EVs and damaged mitochondrial content to be excluded is dependent on selective targeting to one of two distinct MDV pathways. We show that Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1) and sorting nexin 9 (Snx9)-dependent MDVs are required to target mitochondrial proteins to EVs, while the Parkinson’s disease-related protein Parkin blocks this process by directing damaged mitochondrial content to lysosomes. Our results provide insight into the interplay between mitochondrial quality control mechanisms and mitochondria-driven immune responses.
Precise regulation of the relative rates of surface area and volume synthesis in bacterial cells growing in dynamic environments
Authors: Shi Handuo , Hu Yan , Odermatt Pascal D. , Gonzalez Carlos G. , Zhang Lichao , Elias Joshua E. , Chang Fred , Huang Kerwyn Casey 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe steady-state size of bacterial cells correlates with nutrient-determined growth rate. Here, we explore how rod-shaped bacterial cells regulate their morphology during rapid environmental changes. We quantify cellular dimensions throughout passage cycles of stationary-phase cells diluted into fresh medium and grown back to saturation. We find that cells exhibit characteristic dynamics in surface area to volume ratio (SA/V), which are conserved across genetic and chemical perturbations as well as across species and growth temperatures. A mathematical model with a single fitting parameter (the time delay between surface and volume synthesis) is quantitatively consistent with our SA/V experimental observations. The model supports that this time delay is due to differential expression of volume and surface-related genes, and that the first division after dilution occurs at a tightly controlled SA/V. Our minimal model thus provides insight into the connections between bacterial growth rate and cell shape in dynamic environments.
Fasting alters the gut microbiome reducing blood pressure and body weight in metabolic syndrome patients
Authors: Maifeld András , Bartolomaeus Hendrik , Löber Ulrike , Avery Ellen G. , Steckhan Nico , Markó Lajos , Wilck Nicola , Hamad Ibrahim , Šušnjar Urša , Mähler Anja , Hohmann Christoph , Chen Chia-Yu , Cramer Holger , Dobos Gustav , Lesker Till Robin , Strowig Till , Dechend Ralf , Bzdok Danilo , Kleinewietfeld Markus , Michalsen Andreas , Müller Dominik N. , Forslund Sofia K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPeriods of fasting and refeeding may reduce cardiometabolic risk elevated by Western diet. Here we show in the substudy of NCT02099968, investigating the clinical parameters, the immunome and gut microbiome exploratory endpoints, that in hypertensive metabolic syndrome patients, a 5-day fast followed by a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet reduces systolic blood pressure, need for antihypertensive medications, body-mass index at three months post intervention compared to a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet alone. Fasting alters the gut microbiome, impacting bacterial taxa and gene modules associated with short-chain fatty acid production. Cross-system analyses reveal a positive correlation of circulating mucosa-associated invariant T cells, non-classical monocytes and CD4+ effector T cells with systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, regulatory T cells positively correlate with body-mass index and weight. Machine learning analysis of baseline immunome or microbiome data predicts sustained systolic blood pressure response within the fasting group, identifying CD8+ effector T cells, Th17 cells and regulatory T cells or Desulfovibrionaceae, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcaceae as important contributors to the model. Here we report that the high-resolution multi-omics data highlight fasting as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of high blood pressure in metabolic syndrome patients.
Direct observation of excitonic instability in Ta2NiSe5
Authors: Kim Kwangrae , Kim Hoon , Kim Jonghwan , Kwon Changil , Kim Jun Sung , Kim B. J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoulomb attraction between electrons and holes in a narrow-gap semiconductor or a semimetal is predicted to lead to an elusive phase of matter dubbed excitonic insulator. However, direct observation of such electronic instability remains extremely rare. Here, we report the observation of incipient divergence in the static excitonic susceptibility of the candidate material Ta2NiSe5 using Raman spectroscopy. Critical fluctuations of the excitonic order parameter give rise to quasi-elastic scattering of B2g symmetry, whose intensity grows inversely with temperature toward the Weiss temperature of TW ≈ 241 K, which is arrested by a structural phase transition driven by an acoustic phonon of the same symmetry at TC = 325 K. Concurrently, a B2g optical phonon becomes heavily damped to the extent that its trace is almost invisible around TC, which manifests a strong electron-phonon coupling that has obscured the identification of the low-temperature phase as an excitonic insulator for more than a decade. Our results unambiguously reveal the electronic origin of the phase transition.
Wireless battery free fully implantable multimodal recording and neuromodulation tools for songbirds
Authors: Ausra Jokubas , Munger Stephanie J. , Azami Amirhossein , Burton Alex , Peralta Roberto , Miller Julie E. , Gutruf Philipp 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWireless battery free and fully implantable tools for the interrogation of the central and peripheral nervous system have quantitatively expanded the capabilities to study mechanistic and circuit level behavior in freely moving rodents. The light weight and small footprint of such devices enables full subdermal implantation that results in the capability to perform studies with minimal impact on subject behavior and yields broad application in a range of experimental paradigms. While these advantages have been successfully proven in rodents that move predominantly in 2D, the full potential of a wireless and battery free device can be harnessed with flying species, where interrogation with tethered devices is very difficult or impossible. Here we report on a wireless, battery free and multimodal platform that enables optogenetic stimulation and physiological temperature recording in a highly miniaturized form factor for use in songbirds. The systems are enabled by behavior guided primary antenna design and advanced energy management to ensure stable optogenetic stimulation and thermography throughout 3D experimental arenas. Collectively, these design approaches quantitatively expand the use of wireless subdermally implantable neuromodulation and sensing tools to species previously excluded from in vivo real time experiments.