bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Bradycardic Donors More Likely to Have Adverse Outcomes During Blood Donation?
Authors: Broadwater Devin R , Krause Katherine A , Lynch David T , Kendelhardt Jason D 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In order to decrease adverse donor reactions during blood donation, volunteers are screened to safely donate according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration standards. Volunteers must be normocardic, with a pulse between 50 and 100 beats per minute. Bradycardic volunteers with a pulse lower than 50 beats per minute who otherwise meet requirements may donate with physician approval. Blood donors in military settings tend to be younger and more physically fit than the average donor population, resulting in a higher percentage of bradycardic donors. The relationship between bradycardia and adverse donor reactions has not been well studied. Herein, we aim to compare post-donation adverse reactions and the ability to complete donation between normocardic and bradycardic donors.

Materials and Methods
Institutional review board approval was obtained. Records from a single blood donor center located on a large military installation in 2019 were retrospectively reviewed for vital signs, demographics, hemoglobin, and donor reactions. Donors were categorized as normocardic or bradycardic. The two groups were statistically compared using a χ2 test.

Results
Of the 1,601 donors in the study period, 1,514 qualified for donation. Mean age was 26.6 years (range, 17-72 years), with a male to female ratio of 2.1:1. Of these, 1,478 were normocardic and 26 were bradycardic. There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (5.6% in bradycardic donors versus 3.6% in normocardic donors, n = 1,514, χ21 = 0.39, P = .53) or percentage of incomplete donations (5.9% in bradycardic and 5.65% in normocardic, n = 1,514, χ21 = 0.003, P = .96).

Conclusions
Donors with bradycardia are as safe to donate as normocardic donors. In the absence of comorbidities, blood donor centers should ensure their policies consider donation for volunteers with bradycardia.
Intrinsic alignments of galaxies around cosmic voids
Authors: d’Assignies D. William , Chisari Nora Elisa , Hamaus Nico , Singh Sukhdeep 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The intrinsic alignments of galaxies, i.e. the correlation between galaxy shapes and their environment, are a major source of contamination for weak gravitational lensing surveys. Most studies of intrinsic alignments have so far focused on measuring and modelling the correlations of luminous red galaxies with galaxy positions or the filaments of the cosmic web. In this work, we investigate alignments around cosmic voids. We measure the intrinsic alignments of luminous red galaxies detected by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey around a sample of voids constructed from those same tracers and with radii in the ranges: [20–30; 30–40; 40–50] h−1 Mpc and in the redshift range z = 0.4−0.8. We present fits to the measurements based on a linear model at large scales, and on a new model based on the void density profile inside the void and in its neighbourhood. We constrain the free scaling amplitude of our model at small scales, finding no significant alignment at 1σ for either sample. We observe a deviation from the null hypothesis, at large scales, of 2σ for voids with radii between 20 and 30 h−1 Mpc, and 1.5σ for voids with radii between 30 and 40 h−1 Mpc and constrain the amplitude of the model on these scales. We find no significant deviation at 1σ for larger voids. Our work is a first attempt at detecting intrinsic alignments of galaxy shapes around voids and provides a useful framework for their mitigation in future void lensing studies.
Light-curve fingerprints: an automated approach to the extraction of X-ray variability patterns with feature aggregation – an example application to GRS 1915+105
Authors: Orwat-Kapola Jakub K , Bird Antony J , Hill Adam B , Altamirano Diego , Huppenkothen Daniela 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTTime series data mining is an important field of research in the era of ‘Big Data’. Next generation astronomical surveys will generate data at unprecedented rates, creating the need for automated methods of data analysis. We propose a method of light-curve characterization that employs a pipeline consisting of a neural network with a long-short term memory variational autoencoder architecture and a Gaussian mixture model. The pipeline performs extraction and aggregation of features from light-curve segments into feature vectors of fixed length that we refer to as light-curve ‘fingerprints’. This representation can be readily used as input of down-stream machine learning algorithms. We demonstrate the proposed method on a data set of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the Galactic black hole X-ray binary GRS 1915+105, which was chosen because of its observed complex X-ray variability. We find that the proposed method can generate a representation that characterizes the observations and reflects the presence of distinct classes of GRS 1915+105 X-ray flux variability. We find that this representation can be used to perform efficient classification of light curves. We also present how the representation can be used to quantify the similarity of different light curves, highlighting the problem of the popular classification system of GRS 1915+105 observations, which does not account for intermediate class behaviour.
Measurement of redshift-space two- and three-point correlation of Lyα absorbers at 1.7 &lt; z &lt; 3.5: implications on evolution of the physical properties of IGM
Authors: Maitra Soumak , Srianand Raghunathan , Gaikwad Prakash 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We present redshift-space two-point (ξ), three-point (ζ), and reduced three-point (Q) correlation of Lyα absorbers (Voigt profile components having H i column density, NH i &gt; 1013.5 cm−2) over three redshift bins spanning 1.7 &lt; z &lt; 3.5 using high-resolution spectra of 292 quasars. We detect positive ξ up to 8 h−1 cMpc in all three redshift bins. The strongest detection of ζ = 1.81 ± 0.59 (with Q = 0.68 ± 0.23) is in $z$ = 1.7–2.3 bin at 1–2 h−1 cMpc. The measured ξ and ζ values show an increasing trend with NH i, while Q remains relatively independent of NH i. We find ξ and ζ to evolve strongly with redshift. Using simulations, we find that ξ and ζ seen in real space may be strongly amplified by peculiar velocities in redshift space. Simulations suggest that while feedback, thermal and pressure smoothing effects influence the clustering of Lyα absorbers at small scales, i.e. &lt;0.5 h−1 cMpc, the H i photoionization rate (ΓH i) has a strong influence at all scales. The strong redshift evolution of ξ and ζ (for a fixed NH i cut-off) is driven by the redshift evolution of the relationship between NH i and baryon overdensity. Our simulation using best-fitting ΓH i($z$) measurements produces consistent clustering signals with observations at $z$ ∼ 2 but underpredicts the clustering at higher redshifts. One possible remedy is to have higher values of ΓH i at higher redshifts. Alternatively the discrepancy could be related to non-equilibrium and inhomogeneous conditions prevailing during He ii reionization not captured by our simulations.
Optical intensity interferometry lab tests in preparation of stellar diameter measurements at IACTs at GHz photon rates
Authors: Zmija Andreas , Vogel Naomi , Anton Gisela , Malyshev Dmitry , Michel Thilo , Zink Adrian , Funk Stefan 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTAstronomical intensity interferometry enables quantitative measurements of the source geometry by measuring the photon fluxes in individual telescopes and correlating them, rather than correlating the electromagnetic waves’ amplitudes. This simplifies the realization of large telescope baselines and high angular resolutions. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), intended to detect the optical emission of γ-ray-induced air showers, are excellent candidates to perform intensity correlations in the optical at reasonable signal-to-noise ratios. The detected coherence time is on the scale of (10−12)–(10−15) s – depending on the optical bandwidth of the measurement – which challenges the detection system to work in a stable and accurate way. We developed an intensity interferometry set-up applicable to IACTs, which measures the photocurrents from photomultipliers and correlates them offline, and as such is designed to handle the very large photon rates provided by the telescopes. We present measurements in the lab simulating starlight using a xenon lamp and measured at different degrees of temporal and spatial coherence. Necessary calibration procedures are described with the goal of understanding the measurements quantitatively. Measured coherence times between $5\,$femtoseconds (corresponding signal-to-background ratio 5 × 10−7) and $110\,$femtoseconds (signal-to-background ratio 10−5) are in good agreement with expectations, and so are the noise levels in the correlations, reaching down to 6 × 10−8, after measurements between $30\,$min and $1\,$h.
PISCOLA: a data-driven transient light-curve fitter
Authors: Müller-Bravo Tomás E , Sullivan Mark , Smith Mathew , Frohmaier Chris , Gutiérrez Claudia P , Wiseman Philip , Zontou Zoe 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Forthcoming time-domain surveys, such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, will vastly increase samples of supernovae (SNe) and other optical transients, requiring new data-driven techniques to analyse their photometric light curves. Here, we present the ‘Python for Intelligent Supernova-COsmology Light-curve Analysis’ (PISCOLA ), an open source data-driven light-curve fitter using Gaussian Processes that can estimate rest-frame light curves of transients without the need for an underlying light-curve template. We test PISCOLA  on large-scale simulations of type Ia SNe (SNe Ia) to validate its performance, and show it successfully retrieves rest-frame peak magnitudes for average survey cadences of up to 7 d. We also compare to the existing SN Ia light-curve fitter SALT2 on real data, and find only small (but significant) disagreements for different light-curve parameters. As a proof-of-concept of an application of PISCOLA , we decomposed and analysed the PISCOLA rest-frame light curves of SNe Ia from the Pantheon SN Ia sample with Non-Negative Matrix Factorization. Our new parametrization provides a similar performance to existing light-curve fitters such as SALT2. We further derived a SN Ia colour law from PISCOLA fits over ∼3500–7000 Å, and find agreement with the SALT2 colour law and with reddening laws with total-to-selective extinction ratio RV ≲ 3.1.
The halo light-cone catalogues of AbacusSummit
Authors: Hadzhiyska Boryana , Garrison Lehman H , Eisenstein Daniel , Bose Sownak 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a method for generating halo catalogues on the light-cone using the AbacusSummit suite of N-body simulations. The main application of these catalogues is the construction of realistic mock galaxy catalogues and weak lensing maps on the sky. Our algorithm associates the haloes from a set of coarsely spaced snapshots with their positions at the time of light-cone crossing by matching halo particles to on-the-fly light-cone particles. It then records the halo and particle information into an easily accessible product, which we call the AbacusSummit halo light-cone catalogues. Our recommended use of this product is in the halo mass regime of Mhalo &gt; 2.1 × 1011 M⊙ h−1 for the base resolution simulations, i.e. haloes containing at least 100 particles, where the interpolated halo properties are most reliable. To test the validity of the obtained catalogues, we perform various visual inspections and consistency checks. In particular, we construct galaxy mock catalogues of emission-line galaxies (ELGs) at z ∼ 1 by adopting a modified version of the AbacusHOD script, which builds on the standard halo occupation distribution (HOD) method by including various extensions. We find that the multipoles of the autocorrelation function are consistent with the predictions from the full-box snapshot, implicitly validating our algorithm. In addition, we compute and output CMB convergence maps and find that the auto- and cross-power spectrum agrees with the theoretical prediction at the sub-per-cent level.
Halo light-cone catalogues for 25 base and 2 huge simulations at the fiducial cosmology are available at DOI:10.13139/OLCF/1825069
Zodiacal exoplanets in time (ZEIT) XII: a directly imaged planetary-mass companion to a young Taurus M dwarf star
Authors: Gaidos E , Hirano T , Kraus A L , Kuzuhara M , Zhang Z , Lee R A , Salama M , Berger T A , Grunblatt S K , Ansdell M , Liu M C , Harakawa H , Hodapp K W , Jacobson S , Konishi M , Kotani T , Kudo T , Kurokawa T , Nishikawa J , Omiya M , Serizawa T , Tamura M , Ueda A , Vievard S 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of a resolved (0.9 arcsec) substellar companion to a member of the 1–5 Myr Taurus star-forming region. The host star (2M0437) is a single mid-M type (Teff ≈ 3100 K) dwarf with a position, space motion, and colour–magnitude that support Taurus membership, and possible affiliation with a ∼2.5-Myr-old subgroup. A comparison with stellar models suggests a 2–5 Myr age and a mass of 0.15–0.18M⊙. Although K2 detected quasi-periodic dimming from close-in circumstellar dust, the star lacks detectable excess infrared emission from a circumstellar disc and its H α emission is not commensurate with accretion. Astrometry based on 3 yr of AO imaging shows that the companion (2M0437b) is comoving, while photometry of two other sources at larger separation indicates that they are likely heavily reddened background stars. A comparison of the luminosity of 2M0437b with models suggests a mass of 3–5 MJUP, well below the deuterium burning limit, and an effective temperature of 1400–1500 K, characteristic of a late L spectral type. The H − K colour is redder than the typical L dwarf, but comparable to other directly detected young planets, e.g. those around HR 8799. The discovery of a super-Jupiter around a very young, very low-mass star challenges models of planet formation by either core accretion (which requires time) or disc instability (which requires mass). We also detected a second, comoving, widely separated (75 arcsec) object that appears to be a heavily extincted star. This is certainly a fellow member of this Taurus subgroup and statistically likely to be a bound companion.
The impact of photospheric brightness field on exoplanetary transit timings and the TTV excess of HD 189733 b
Authors: Baluev Roman V 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We consider the issue of excessive TTV noise observed for the exoplanet HD 189733 b. Trying to explain it through the host star photospheric activity, we model the stellar surface brightness as a random field, then characterize statistical properties of the resulting transit signal perturbation and compute individual corrections to transit timings uncertainties. We find that possible effect of the photospheric brightness field can explain only a minor portion (∼10 s) of the observed (∼70 s) TTV excess of HD 189733, suggesting that the rest should be attributed to other sources. Regarding the photospheric pattern, we place an upper limit of ∼0.01 on the combination εcellrcell, where εcell is the relative magnitude of brightness variations, and rcell is the geometric cellularity scale (relative to star radius).
Laser communication with Proxima and Alpha Centauri using the solar gravitational lens
Authors: Marcy Geoffrey W , Tellis Nathaniel K , Wishnow Edward H 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
A search was conducted for laser signals, both sub-second pulses and continuous emission, from the regions of the sky opposite Proxima and Alpha Centauri. These regions are located at the foci of the gravitational lensing caused by the Sun, ideal for amplifying transmissions between our Solar system and those two nearest stellar neighbours. The search was conducted using two objective prism telescopes operating with exposure times of 0.25 s, enabling detection of sub-second laser pulses coming from the solar gravitational foci. During 6 months in 2020 and 2021, 88 000 exposures for Proxima Cen and 47 000 exposures for Alpha Cen were obtained. No evidence was detected of light pulses or continuous laser emission in the wavelength range of 380–950 nm. We would have detected a laser having a power of just 100 W, for a benchmark 1-m laser launcher that was diffraction-limited and located at the Sun’s gravitational focus 550 au away. To be detected, that beam must intercept Earth either by intention or, by accident, or if intended for a probe near Earth that is communicating with another one at the solar gravitational lens. These non-detections augment a previous non-detection of laser light coming directly from Proxima Centauri conducted with the HARPS spectrometer on the ESO 3.6-m telescope.
Star cluster ecology: revisiting the origin of iron and age complex clusters
Authors: Bastian Nate , Pfeffer Joel 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Typical globular clusters (GCs – young and old) host stellar populations with little or no star-to-star variations in heavy elements (e.g. Ca, Fe) nor in age. Nuclear star clusters (NSCs), on the other hand, host complex stellar populations that show multimodal distributions in Fe and often in age, presumably due to their unique location at the centre of a large galactic potential well. However, recently a new class of clusters have been discovered, exemplified by the clusters Terzan 5 and Liller 1, two high mass, high metallicity clusters in the inner Galactic regions. It has been suggested that these are not true GCs, but rather represent left over fragments of the formation of the Galactic Bulge. Here, we critically assess this scenario and find that the role of dynamical friction likely makes it untenable and that the method used to estimate the initial masses of the clumps was invalid. Instead, it appears more likely that these clusters represent a relatively rare phenomenon of existing GCs accreting gas and forming a second generation, as has been previously suggested.
The real-world effectiveness of anti-RANKL antibody denosumab on the clinical fracture prevention in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: The ANSWER cohort study
Authors: Murata Koichi , Uozumi Ryuji , Hashimoto Motomu , Ebina Kosuke , Akashi Kengo , Onishi Akira , Nagai Koji , Yoshikawa Ayaka , Katayama Masaki , Son Yonsu , Amuro Hideki , Hara Ryota , Yamamoto Wataru , Watanabe Ryu , Murakami Kosaku , Tanaka Masao , Ito Hiromu , Morinobu Akio , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by localized and generalized bone loss. The risk of fractures is doubled in patients with RA. Denosumab, an anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody, is used for those with osteoporosis at high risk fracture and it has inhibitory effect of progressive bone erosion in patients with RA. While the increase in bone mineral density by denosumab has been reported in patients with RA, preventive effect of fracture by denosumab remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of denosumab in treating clinical fracture risk in patients with RA.

Methods
Patients with RA who received denosumab treatment between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated using the ANSWER (Kansai Consortium for the Well-Being of Rheumatic Disease Patients) cohort data. Fracture rates were evaluated between 0 and 6 months (reference period) versus &gt; 6 months (post-reference period) of denosumab use.

Results
A total of 873 patients with RA received denosumab, and their characteristics were as follows: 88% females, mean age 68 years, and average disease duration 14.5 years. The hazard rates of all clinical fractures were 0.69 (per 100 person-years) in the reference period and 0.35 in the post-reference period, indicating a 49.2% decrease (p = 0.03).

Conclusions
Denosumab suppresses the risk of clinical fractures in patients with RA.
APPRIS: selecting functionally important isoforms
Authors: Rodriguez Jose Manuel , Pozo Fernando , Cerdán-Vélez Daniel , Di Domenico Tomás , Vázquez Jesús , Tress Michael L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
APPRIS (https://appris.bioinfo.cnio.es) is a well-established database housing annotations for protein isoforms for a range of species. APPRIS selects principal isoforms based on protein structure and function features and on cross-species conservation. Most coding genes produce a single main protein isoform and the principal isoforms chosen by the APPRIS database best represent this main cellular isoform. Human genetic data, experimental protein evidence and the distribution of clinical variants all support the relevance of APPRIS principal isoforms. APPRIS annotations and principal isoforms have now been expanded to 10 model organisms. In this paper we highlight the most recent updates to the database. APPRIS annotations have been generated for two new species, cow and chicken, the protein structural information has been augmented with reliable models from the EMBL-EBI AlphaFold database, and we have substantially expanded the confirmatory proteomics evidence available for the human genome. The most significant change in APPRIS has been the implementation of TRIFID functional isoform scores. TRIFID functional scores are assigned to all splice isoforms, and APPRIS uses the TRIFID functional scores and proteomics evidence to determine principal isoforms when core methods cannot.
DiseaseMeth version 3.0: a major expansion and update of the human disease methylation database
Authors: Xing Jie , Zhai Ruiyang , Wang Cong , Liu Honghao , Zeng Jiaqi , Zhou Dianshuang , Zhang Mengyan , Wang Liru , Wu Qiong , Gu Yue , Zhang Yan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
DNA methylation has a growing potential for use as a biomarker because of its involvement in disease. DNA methylation data have also substantially grown in volume during the past 5 years. To facilitate access to these fragmented data, we proposed DiseaseMeth version 3.0 based on DiseaseMeth version 2.0, in which the number of diseases including increased from 88 to 162 and High-throughput profiles samples increased from 32 701 to 49 949. Experimentally confirmed associations added 448 pairs obtained by manual literature mining from 1472 papers in PubMed. The search, analyze and tools sections were updated to increase performance. In particular, the FunctionSearch now provides for the functional enrichment of genes from localized GO and KEGG annotation. We have also developed a unified analysis pipeline for identifying differentially DNA methylated genes (DMGs) from the original data stored in the database. 22 718 DMGs were found in 99 diseases. These DMGs offer application in disease evaluation using two self-developed online tools, Methylation Disease Correlation and Cancer Prognosis & Co-Methylation. All query results can be downloaded and can also be displayed through a box plot, heatmap or network module according to whichever search section is used. DiseaseMeth version 3.0 is freely available at http://diseasemeth.edbc.org/.