bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polaryzacja mikrogleju i makrofagów w wybranych chorobach degeneracyjnych i zapalnych układu nerwowego
Authors: Brandys Natalia , Chadzińska Magdalena 
Published: December 2021

Abstrakt
Makrofagi to komórki efektorowe układu odpornościowego zdolne do polaryzacji, czyli zmiany fenotypu powiązanej ze zmianą aktywności. Można wyróżnić: polaryzację klasyczną (M1), która służy obronie przed patogenami, a makrofagi M1 mają aktywność ogólnie prozapalną, oraz polaryzację alternatywną (M2), która sprzyja wygaszaniu stanu zapalnego i regeneracji tkanki. Makrofagi zasiedlają niemal cały organizm, więc zjawisko ich polaryzacji ma wpływ na wiele procesów zachodzących w różnych tkankach. W układzie nerwowym reprezentacją osiadłych makrofagów jest mikroglej. Jednak w wielu sytuacjach patologicznych w mózgu pojawiają się także makrofagi rekrutowane z monocytów krążących we krwi. Choroby neurodegeneracyjne, urazy i choroby autoimmunologiczne są związane z reakcją układu odpornościowego, która może mieć istotny wpływ na dalszy przebieg choroby i na tempo regeneracji tkanki. Polaryzacja makrofagów ma w związku z tym znaczenie w chorobach centralnego układu nerwowego. Aktywność komórek M1 i M2 może bowiem różnie wpływać na przeżywalność neuronów i oligodendrocytów, na wzrost aksonów, na proces demielinizacji czy na szczelność bariery krew–mózg. Wynika to z różnic między fenotypami w wytwarzaniu reaktywnych form tlenu i tlenku azotu, wydzielaniu cytokin i czynników wzrostu, bezpośrednich oddziaływaniach na sąsiednie komórki i zdolnościach do fagocytozy. W artykule omówiono to zagadnienie w: udarze mózgu, urazie rdzenia kręgowego, chorobie Alzheimera, stwardnieniu zanikowym bocznym i stwardnieniu rozsianym. W wielu spośród tych patologii obserwuje się gradient czasowy lub przestrzenny rozmieszczenia w tkance poszczególnych fenotypów mikrogleju i/lub makrofagów. Wydaje się zatem, że zmiany polaryzacji makrofagów mogą potencjalnie sprzyjać regeneracji tkanki lub hamować rozwój chorób neurodegeneracyjnych.
The optimal model of employment and entrepreneurship models in colleges and universities based on probability theory and statistics
Authors: Su Ruiqin , Basheri Mohammed , Salama Mohamad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper relies on the practice process of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities to carry out research. It summarizes the optimal models suitable for students’ employment and entrepreneurship based on statistical analysis using the probability theory. We built a pyramid structured model of college students’ entrepreneurial ability based on this model. The thesis uses statistical methods to carry out a factor analysis of various abilities. It provides a basis for the adjustment and implementation of employment-oriented entrepreneurship education models in colleges and universities.
Financial accounting measurement model based on numerical analysis of rigid normal differential equation and rigid generalised functional equation
Authors: Liu Qiuhong , Dai Bo , Katib Iyad , Alhamami Mohammed Alaa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of financial accounting measurement quickly and accurately, this paper starts the analysis from the perspective of mathematics and finance and establishes the differential equation and the generalised functional equation for the related numerical analysis through mathematical knowledge. The results show that the limit and integral of rigid differential equation and the rigid generalised functional equation can improve their role and status in the financial accounting measurement environment so that they can be more widely used in the financial accounting measurement environment and promote the development of the financial accounting environment.
On expansive homeomorphism of uniform spaces
Authors: Barzanouni Ali , Shah Ekta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study the notion of expansive homeomorphisms on uniform spaces. It is shown that if there exists a topologically expansive homeomorphism on a uniform space, then the space is always a Hausdor space and hence a regular space. Further, we characterize orbit expansive homeomorphisms in terms of topologically expansive homeomorphisms and conclude that if there exist a topologically expansive homeomorphism on a compact uniform space then the space is always metrizable.
Analysis and optimisation of a M/M/1/WV queue with Bernoulli schedule vacation interruption and customer’s impatience
Authors: Majid Shakir , Bouchentouf Amina Angelika , Guendouzi Abdelhak 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this investigation, we establish a steady-state solution of an infinite-space single-server Markovian queueing system with working vacation (WV), Bernoulli schedule vacation interruption, and impatient customers. Once the system becomes empty, the server leaves the system and takes a vacation with probability p or a working vacation with probability 1 − p, where 0 ≤ p ≤ 1. The working vacation period is interrupted if the system is non empty at a service completion epoch and the server resumes its regular service period with probability 1 − q or carries on with the working vacation with probability q. During vacation and working vacation periods, the customers may be impatient and leave the system. We use a probability generating function technique to obtain the expected number of customers and other system characteristics. Stochastic decomposition of the queueing model is given. Then, a cost function is constructed by considering different cost elements of the system states, in order to determine the optimal values of the service rate during regular busy period, simultaneously, to minimize the total expected cost per unit time by using a quadratic fit search method (QFSM). Further, by taking illustration, numerical experiment is performed to validate the analytical results and to examine the impact of different parameters on the system characteristics.
Labels distance in bucket recursive trees with variable capacities of buckets
Authors: Naderi S. , Kazemi R. , Behzadi M. H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The bucket recursive tree is a natural multivariate structure. In this paper, we apply a trivariate generating function approach for studying of the depth and distance quantities in this tree model with variable bucket capacities and give a closed formula for the probability distribution, the expectation and the variance. We show as j → ∞, lim-iting distributions are Gaussian. The results are obtained by presenting partial differential equations for moment generating functions and solving them.
A new solution to the Rhoades’ open problem with an application
Authors: Özgür Nihal , Taş Nihal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe give a new solution to the Rhoades’ open problem on the discontinuity at fixed point via the notion of an S-metric. To do this, we develop a new technique by means of the notion of a Zamfirescu mapping. Also, we consider a recent problem called the “fixed-circle problem” and propose a new solution to this problem as an application of our technique.
On generalized γµ-closed sets and related continuity
Authors: Sen Ritu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper our main interest is to introduce a new type of generalized open sets defined in terms of an operation on a generalized topological space. We have studied some properties of this newly defined sets. As an application, we have introduced some weak separation axioms and discussed some of their properties. Finally, we have studied some preservation theorems in terms of some irresolute functions.
The Lp-mixed quermassintegrals for 0 < p < 1
Authors: Zhao Chang-Jian , Bencze Mihály 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the paper, Lp-harmonic addition, p-harmonic Blaschke addition and Lp-dual mixed volume are improved. A new p-harmonic Blaschke mixed quermassintegral is introduced. The relationship between p-harmonic Blaschke mixed volume and Lp-dual mixed volume is shown.
Communicative Teaching – An Efficient Approach to Foreign Language Teaching
Authors: Morar Lucia-Larissa , Boştină-Bratu Simona , Negoescu Alina Gabriela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present article focuses on Communicative Teaching as an efficient approach to foreign language teaching and learning. Nowadays, the role of the teacher is no longer to offer models to be learnt or descriptions of the foreign language, but mostly to create a climate in the classroom that will enable students to learn by getting involved in activities and working on tasks. Moreover, it is no longer expected that the teacher dominates the whole work in the classroom. Their role is to set up activities and conditions that will enable students to use the foreign language as they have a great interest in the outcome of the tasks. Therefore, the teacher’s success is closely related to their ability to stimulate the students’ interests.
Comparison of Defence Arts by Country in Law Enforcement Education
Authors: Öztürk Emsal , Yanar Nazlı 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Law Enforcement Defence and Intervention Techniques (LEDIT) are the methods of defence and intervention applied to suspects, criminals, and individuals who threaten security and public order, by the authority granted by law to the gendarmerie personnel who have the duty of security, public order, and safety. The aim of this study is to analyse the martial arts used by law enforcement officers by country. In this study, which was designed for a descriptive purpose, the data were obtained from the websites of the Police and Gendarmerie Forces, from the replies to the defence techniques information request letter written to the embassies, and from the theses and articles published in the relevant field, by using the scanning method. According to the data obtained, it has been observed that many countries use more than one defence technique. As a result, all countries in the world either created their own fighting styles for close-range combat or took them from other countries and blended them within their own styles. The study group of the research consists of the police forces of 22 countries, including Turkey, and 6 countries affiliated to the International Gendarmerie and Law Enforcement Forces with Military Status (FIEP).
Substantive Conditions of Adoption Regarding the Adopting Person or Family
Authors: Stănciulescu Cristian-Sorin , Puşcaş Paul-Augustin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the substantive conditions imposed by the Romanian legislator on persons wishing to adopt, the legal circumstances considered to be essential and indispensable for a person or a family to be able to adopt. From a historical point of view, the adoption has been permanently subject to conditions, imposed by the interests of the child without parental protection, of the state or of a logic common sense. The existence of conditions regarding the situation, attributes or aptitudes of the adopter does not contradict the general principle of non-discrimination, recognized and guaranteed by both national and international law. The regulation of restrictions on the possibility of adoption does not amount to discrimination against any citizen, as long as such restrictions or conditions are motivated by interests of a higher order than private ones and apply to all persons in a certain situation. Adoption is a complex social phenomenon due to the emotional implications on those involved in this process.
Impact of Digital Transformation on Accounting Information Systems – Evidence from Algerian Firms
Authors: Meraghni Oualid , Bekkouche Latifa , Demdoum Zakaria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The study aims to demonstrate the conceptual and practical framework of digital transformation and its impact on accounting information systems by focusing on the requirements of digital transformation, such as the digital strategy, the necessary knowledge of the human element, and the effects and obstacles facing the digitization of accounting information systems. The study attempts to answer the following question: What is the impact of digital transformation on accounting information systems in business organisations? The study uses deductive reasoning, based on many previous studies, by applying it to a sample of 237 individuals active in about 120 firms operating in the Algerian environment through a questionnaire distributed in 2021. The study has found a weak degree of awareness of the importance of digital transformation, and a low effort to develop accounting information systems in line with the requirements of digital transformation, all due to the presence of several high-impact challenges.
Post COVID-19 Work Strategies and Implications: Insight on Indian it Sector
Authors: Kolluru Mythili , Krishnan Kumutha , Kolluru Shyam Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the work strategies adopted by leading Indian IT companies post COVID-19 and their institutional and individual level implications. Following the exploratory sequential mixed-method approach, in the first phase, the data were collected from 8 leading IT companies in India to understand the work strategies implemented post COVID -19 to ensure employees’ safety without disrupting client deliverables. In the second phase, the primary qualitative interviews were conducted and selected IT companies’ financial statements with a systematic analysis of financial indicators were used to gauge the impact of new work strategies. The study reveals the selected IT companies were embracing Work-From-Home or Work-From-Anywhere as their work strategies by ensuring little to no disruption, were armed with a host of technology tools that allowed employees’ swathes to new work-norm within hours. The study findings manifold implications of the new work-norm are that it has no negative impact on the companies’ client deliverables and profitability. The paper confirms that the remote-working approach has resulted in reduced carbon footprint, work-life balance, and de-urbanization while identifying the flip side of this approach as the negative impact on team cohesiveness and employee emotional wellbeing. This research confirms the critical lesson learned from COVID-19 is agile companies must plan for a range of incomprehensible contingencies to ensure business continuity and growth. The research findings contribute towards understanding the Indian IT sector experiences in adopting the remote-work strategies and taken as lessons that can be useful for other global IT sectors.
The Influence of Social Networks in Travel Decisions
Authors: Varga Iulia Elena , Gabor Manuela Rozalia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Social networks are not the same as they were 10 years ago. Now, in addition to the role of “socialization”, their basic role, marketing has also intervened. Marketing can be defined as the art of identifying and satisfying customer needs while producing profit. Nowadays, through social media marketing, a company can promote itself or present products and services very easily, while being able to target exactly the desired people, which translates into making more profit. Our paper provides arguments on the influence of social media in travel decisions, and it’s based on a study of consumer behaviour in this field. The study began from our interest in the way social networks influence our personal decision to travel, to visit a certain area or a certain landmark, so we wanted to find out more information about how this “hypnosis” works. The main hypothesis of the study was that people are influenced by social networks in their travel decisions and according to the results, the hypothesis was confirmed. 91.35% of the total participants in the study were tempted to travel because of a photo seen on a social network, therefore, a good social marketing campaign could really make a difference in travel decisions.
The assessment of the current status of Gentiana lutea L. populations of the Ukrainian Carpathians: Ecological and genetic approaches
Authors: Prokopiak Mariana , Mayorova Oksana , Hrytsak Liudmyla , Meshko Halyna , Drobyk Nadia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Based on the analysis of the genetic polymorphisms (RGAP- and CDDP-PCR) among populations and comparison of these results with ecological characteristics (density, area, spatial and vitality structure, age, ability of renewal and self-maintenance), the status of five natural (Lemska, Gutyn Tomnatyk, Sheshul-Pavlyk, Krachuneska, Troyaska-Tataruka) and one man-made (Pozhyzhevska) populations of Gentiana lutea from the Ukrainian Carpathians was assessed. The results of the complex ecological and genetic analysis have revealed that three populations are unstable (Krachuneska, Troyaska-Tataruka, Gutyn Tomnatyk), two are relatively stable (Lemska, Pozhyzhevska) and only one is stable (Sheshul-Pavlyk). The research results can be used for stabilizing the number of violations and restoring the endangered natural populations. Based on these data, the recommendations for the conservation and protection of G. lutea populations have been developed.
Raum. Ort. Topografien der Posener Heimatliteratur
Authors: Nowikiewicz Elżbieta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The literature of the Eastern March is strictly local. A collection of several dozen German-language novels and stories from the circle of ‘Ostmarkenliteratur’ (literature of the Eastern March), which on a scale unknown before and afterwards sends the reader back to this specific region, shows how important the Poznań Province had become on the verge of the 19th century. Geographical and topographic information in the creative output of writers constitute its ‘verbal map’.
Inspired by Barbara Piatti’s interpretative approach, I will attempt to answer key questions regarding the circumstances and conditions that are conductive to locating the plot of literary works in specific spaces and places, and to interpret the experience of space recorded in the literature of the Eastern March by means of this map.
Sustainability Assessment of Wind Energy in Latvia: Sustainability SWOT and Multi-Criteria Analysis
Authors: Livzeniece Lasma , Pubule Jelena , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Early 2020 Latvian government approved the National Energy and Climate Plan 2021 – 2030 (hereinafter - NECP2030) – a long-term energy and climate planning document setting the basic principles, goals and action lines of Latvia’s national energy and climate policy for the next ten years. Although a specific target of 800 MW for wind energy development has been set, there is limited information provided on the means of achieving the wind energy target. A roadmap on wind energy development would be helpful for the stakeholders, providing a clear plan on the wind energy development, including the assessment of the most suitable form of wind energy for Latvia. The goal of this study is to propose a flexible and adaptable tool to assess, compare and select the most advantageous wind energy development alternatives for policy makers. The research goal is met by applying sustainability SWOT analysis in combination with the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. The combination of two provides a) an evaluation of comparable criteria for onshore and offshore wind energy b) assessment of the wind energy sustainability within the selected scenarios c) selection of the best possible scenario. The proposed method can help structure and lessen the complexity around the wind energy dilemma while considering economic, environment, social and technological aspects.
Enhancing Urban Resilience Capacities: An Analytic Network Process-based Application
Authors: Datola Giulia , Bottero Marta , de Angelis Elena 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The current urban challenge is enhancing, maintaining and improving the urban resilience of cities. However, how can cities as complex and adaptive systems be or become resilient? There are specific capacities/qualities that urban systems should have to enhance and maintain their resilience (e.g. redundancy, resourceful, robustness, etc.). Different studies list and describe these capacities in literature, underling also to which urban dimension (e.g. economy, society) they are referred. However, there is a lack of quantitative assessment of these capacities. As well, the analysis of which degree different urban components can enhance and maintain these capacities. Based on the socio-ecological approach of urban resilience, this study proposes the application of multicriteria analysis (MCA) to evaluate which degree the different urban components can support the enhancement and the maintenance of the specific urban resilience capacities. The proposed framework is an indicators-based method that includes a multidimensional set of urban resilience indicators and the set of urban resilience capacities. In detail, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) has been selected according to its ability to consider the mutual interconnections of the evaluation elements. Moreover, a multidisciplinary panel of experts is asked to weigh the importance of the different urban components in enriching the different urban resilience qualities. The final result is a set of priorities that assess the relative importance of each urban component about a specific urban resilience capacity. The illustrated application is a preliminary pilot case study that quantifies the possibility of quantitatively assessing the urban resilience capacities. In detail, this application refers to a more complex and comprehensive evaluation approach that combines MCA with the System Dynamics Approach (SDM). Therefore, the next step of this research will concern the aggregation and the employment of the obtained priorities in the abovementioned approach to correlate the urban resilience performance with the urban capacities.
Is It Possible to Obtain More Energy from Solar DH Field? Interpretation of Solar DH System Data
Authors: Kaķis Roberts , Poļikarpova Ilze , Pakere Ieva , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Europe has a course to zero emissions by 2050, with a strong emphasis on energy sector. Due to climatic conditions in Latvia, district heating (DH) plays an important role in the energy sector. One of the solutions to achieve the set goals in DH is to introduce emission-free technology. Therefore, the popularity of installation of large-scale solar collector plants continues to increase in DH in Europe. The first large-scale solar collector field in the Baltic States was installed in 2019. Solar collector active area is 21 672 m2 with heat storage water tank 8000 m3. The article shows the first operation results of this system and evaluates influencing factors. The results of the analysis show that system productivity is mainly demanded by solar radiation, and the strongest correlation between these parameters were established in May. The highest correlation between ambient air temperature and produced thermal energy is reached when ambient air temperature is between 7 °C to 15 °C and production process has not been externally regulated. The temperature difference between flow and return temperatures of the heat carrier affect solar collector performance minimally and strong correlation was not observed.