bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-155 Expression is Associated with Pulpitis Progression by Targeting SHIP1
Authors: Li Baishun , Guo Liyang , He Ying , Tu Xinran , Zhong Jialin , Guan Hongbing , Jiang Yiguo , Jiang Qianzhou 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pulpitis is a commonly seen oral inflammation condition in clinical practice, it can cause much pain for the patient and may induce infections in other systems. Much is still unknown for the pathogenic mechanism of pulpitis. In this work, we discovered that the expression of miR-155 was associated with dental pulpal inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Experiments on odontoblast cell line MDPC-23 showed miR-155 could act as a positive regulator by increasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 during inflammatory responses, whereas knockdown of miR-155 can reverse the effects. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that SHIP1 is a direct target of miR-155 in odontoblasts, this result was further verified at both mRNA and protein level. Inhibition of miR-155 resulted in the downregulation of inflammation factors, while co-transfection of si-SHIP1 and miR-155 inhibitor promoted the inflammatory responses. Treatment with miR-155 mimic or si-SHIP1 up-regulated the protein level of p-PI3K and p-AKT. By contrast, miR-155 inhibitor exerted the opposite effects. miR-155 mimics could upregulate the gene expression of IL-1β and IL-6. Co-transfection of LY294002 and miR-155 mimic attenuated the inflammatory responses. Consistent with in vitro results, miR-155−/− mice could alleviate inflammatory response, as well as decrease the activation of p-PI3K and p-AKT, whereas increase the activation of SHIP1. In conclusion, these data revealed a novel role for miR-155 in regulation of dental pulpal inflammatory response by targeting SHIP1 through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
An Integrated Modeling Scheme For Characterizing 3D Hydrogeological Heterogeneity of The New Jersey Shelf
Authors: Thomas Ariel Tremayne , von Harten Jan , Jusri Tomi Adriansyah , Reiche Sönke , Wellmann Florian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Continental shelves around the globe are hosts to vast reservoirs of offshore freshened groundwater. These systems show considerable complexity, often as a function of the geological heterogeneity. Data needed to characterise these systems are often sparse, and numerical models rely on generalized simplifications of the geological environment. In order to improve our understanding of these systems, it is necessary to implement modeling approaches that can produce large-scale geologically representative models using sparse data. We present an interdisciplinary stochastic modeling workflow incorporating borehole data, 2D depth-migrated seismic profiles, seismic attributes, and prior knowledge of the depositional setting. We generate a conditioned Gaussian field of porosity on the New Jersey shelf. We also perform a petrophysical conversion to a corresponding permeability distribution. The model dimensions are 134 km x 69 km x 1.7 km, with an adjustable resolution that can be adapted for process-based models of flow and solute transport. The integrated approach successfully translates small-scale porosity variations to a shelf-scale model that honors key characteristics of the New Jersey shelf wave-dominated depositional environment. The model was generated using open-source packages. All data and code to reproduce the complete workflow are provided along with this study so the model can be reproduced at any resolution for further studies of continental shelf processes offshore New Jersey.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Shaanxi, China
Authors: Wang Dong , Du Jinpeng , Hao Dingjun , Yan Liang , He Baorong , Zhao He , Ding Keyuan , Shi Haodong , Cao Yang , Qu Zechao , Huang Wangli , Feng Mingzhe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Study Design. A hospital-based retrospective epidemiological study.Summary of Background Data. TSCI is a highly disabling and deadly injury. Currently, there is little information regarding the epidemiological characteristics for TSCI in Shaanxi.Objective: To describe the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in Shaanxi to help health-related institutions formulate corresponding measures.Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the spine centers or orthopedic centers of the four cities in Shaanxi province according to the International Classification of Disease Version 10 (ICD-10) and diagnostic code of TSCI. Variables included gender, age, medical insurance, etiology, occupation, time of injury, level of injury, and severity of injury, multiple injury, treatment, and so on.Results: The study included the medical records of 694 patients with TSCI in 2018. The mean age of patients with TSCI was 48.4±14.9 years, and the male/female ratio was 3.45:1. The major causes of TSCI were high falls (40.2%) and low falls (26.7%). The most common injury site was the cervical spinal cord, accounting for 48.7%. The highest proportion of severity of injury was ASIA Grade D (37.8%). In addition, 74.6% of the patients had spinal fractures, the chest (38.0%) accounted for the highest proportion of all TSCI patients. Furthermore, 27.8% of the patients experienced clinical complications. 530 (76.4%) patients underwent surgery, 323 (46.5%) patients underwent inpatient rehabilitation.Conclusion: There are specific epidemiological characteristics of TSCI patients in Shaanxi, and preventive measures are suggested to be based on the characteristics of the different types of patients with TSCI and focused on high-risk groups.Level of Evidence: 3
Clinicopathological Features And Prognosis of Primary Pulmonary Rhabdomyosarcoma In The Middle-Aged And Elderly: A Case Report And Literature Review
Authors: Yingze Wei , Xiaoxia Jin , Jiatai Wang , Xinghua Zhu , Xudong Chen , Shuyun Yang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma（PPRMS）in the middle-aged and elderly is a very rare event with only a few cases published. To date, only thirty-five cases of PPRMS in the middle-aged and elderly have been published. However, the analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of PPRMS in the middle-aged and elderly have not been performed.Case presentation: We report an additional case of PPRMS in the middle-aged and elderly.Conclusions: PPRMS in the middle-aged and elderly was a highly malignant soft tissue tumor with obvious gender characteristics and significant age distribution. Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) was the most common subtype, with poor prognosis and significantly prolonged survival time after surgical resection.
Keeping An Eye On Environmental Quality in Tanzania as Trade, Industrialization, Income and Urbanization Continue To Grow
Authors: Byaro Mwoya , Mafwolo Gemma , Mayaya Hozen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
By applying the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) bounds testing method, this study examines the short and long-term dynamic relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, economic growth (Gross Domestic Product), industrialization, trade and urban population in Tanzania from 1990 to 2020. The study found that economic growth, trade, industrialization, and the urban population all contributed to the increase in environmental degradation (i.e. carbon dioxide emissions). However, we found that financial credit (i.e. domestic credit to the private sector) reduces carbon dioxide emissions, but its effects are not significant. Our findings revealed that economic growth (i.e. income) was responsible for both short and long-term increases in carbon dioxide emissions in Tanzania. Economic growth is harmful to the environmental quality above a threshold value of 6.23%. Our findings suggest that policy makers should monitor and use the threshold levels to manage carbon dioxide emissions and to protect the environmental quality. Further, a strong focus should be placed on formulating environmental policies (i.e. carbon tax policy) as industrialization, urban population, economic growth and trade continue to grow in future, restricting carbon dioxide emissions and safeguarding the environment.
Evaluating Five Escherichia coli Derivative Strains as a Platform
for Arginine Deiminase Overproduction
Authors: Abdollahi Sara , Morowvat Mohammad Hossein , Savardashtaki Amir , Irajie Cambyz , Najafipour Sohrab , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: November 2021

Aims:
This study attempted to evaluate the five host strains, including BL21
(DE3), Rosetta (DE3), DH5α, XL1-BLUE, and SHuffle, in terms of arginine deiminase
(ADI) production and enzyme activity.

Background:
Escherichia coli is one of the most preferred host microorganisms for the
production of recombinant proteins due to its well-characterized genome, availability of
various expression vectors, and host strains. Choosing a proper host strain for the overproduction
of a desired recombinant protein is very important because of the diversity of
genetically modified expression strains. Various E. coli cells have been examined in different
patent applications.

Method:
ADI was chosen as a bacterial enzyme that degrades L-arginine. It is effective
in the treatment of some types of human cancers like melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC), which are arginine-auxotrophic. Five mentioned E. coli strains were cultivated.
The pET-3a was used as the expression vector. The competent E. coli cells were
obtained through the CaCl2 method. It was then transformed with the construct of
pET3a-ADI using the heat shock strategy. The ADI production levels were examined by
10% SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability of host strains for the expression of the requested
recombinant protein was compared. The enzymatic activity of the obtained recombinant
ADI from each studied strain was assessed by a colorimetric 96-well microtiter plate assay.

Result:
All the five strains exhibited a significant band at 46 kDa. BL21 (DE3) produced
the highest amount of ADI protein, followed by Rosetta (DE3). The following activity
assay showed that ADI from BL21 (DE3) and Rosetta (DE3) had the most activity.

Conclusion:
There are some genetic and metabolic differences among the various E. coli
strains, leading to differences in the amount of recombinant protein production. The results
of this study can be used for the efficacy evaluation of the five studied strains for
the production of similar pharmaceutical enzymes. The strains also could be analyzed in
terms of proteomics.
Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants on Healing Scars: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Sherwin Catherine MT , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Scars can be a cosmetic disfigurement and can tremendously impact psychological,
emotional, and social well-being. Some medicinal plants exert anti-scar properties via
various mechanisms of action, many of which have not been clearly defined.

Objective:
This study will evaluate the effects of these medicinal plants with anti-scar properties
and review the known underlying mechanisms related to the treatment and prevention of hypertrophic
scars.

Methods:
The keywords used in the literature search included (Wound healing OR Re-epithelialization
OR Regeneration) AND (Medicinal plants OR Phyto* OR herb) AND (Cytokines OR Collagen
OR Fibroblasts). Publications indexed in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and
PubMed databases were included in the review. Articles with no accessible full texts, non-English
language articles, review articles, studies with non-positive effects, and studies that were not related
to the study’s aim were excluded from the study. The agreement for exclusion required all authors
to concur. Finally, after reviewing all available literature, 61 articles were included in this systematic
review.

Results:
Currently available evidence shows that medicinal plants and their derivatives seem to
have properties that can prevent hypertrophic scars. This is achieved by accelerating the scar healing
process, reducing inflammatory cytokines, suppressing proliferation, and inducing apoptosis in
scar fibroblasts by regulating several signaling pathways. Additionally, they can reduce collagen deposition
and have antimicrobial effects at the wound site.

Conclusion:
Topical use of medicinal plants as complementary medicine with varying mechanisms
of action can reduce scar formation. They exert these properties mainly due to their anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, these mechanisms reduce the
healing time of the wound and thus prevent the formation of hypertrophic scars. Medicinal plants
can be used safely and efficiently when applied topically to improve or prevent hypertrophic scars.
Polymer Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications: Advances in Electrospinning
Authors: Toledo Anna L.M.M. , da Silva Talita N. , dos S. Vaucher Arianne C. , Miranda Arthur H. V. , Silva Gabriela C.C. , Vaz Maria E.R. , Silva Luísa V. da , Barradas Thais N. , Picciani Paulo H. S. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
The demand for novel biomaterials has been exponentially rising in the last years as well as the searching for new technologies able to produce more efficient products in both drug delivery systems and regenerative medicine. Objective: The technique that can pretty well encompass the needs for novel and high-end materials with a relatively low-cost and easy operation is the electrospinning of polymer solutions.

Methods:
Electrospinning usually produces ultrathin fibers that can be applied in a myriad of biomedical devices including sustained delivery systems for drugs, proteins, biomolecules, hormones, etc that can be applied in a broad spectrum of applications, from transdermal patches to cancer-related drugs.

Results:
Electrospun fibers can be produced to mimic certain tissues of the human body, being an option to create new scaffolds for implants with several advantages.

Conclusions:
In this review, we aimed to encompass the use of electrospun fibers in the field of biomedical devices, more specifically in the use of electrospun nanofibers applications toward the production of drug delivery systems and scaffolds for tissue regeneration.
Analysis of Suicidal Behavior and Chronicity of Depressive Symptoms
in the Presence of Hypovitaminosis D
Authors: Porto Catarina Magalhães , da Silva Nathalia Santos Barbosa , Lira Cecília Magalhães Porto , Magalhães Rayana Porpino , Magalhães José Luiz Oliveira , de Paula Santana da Silva Tatiana , Sougey Everton Botelho 
Published: November 2021

Background:
One of the risk factors for suicide includes the presence
of depressive disorder and symptoms, which may be related to the reduction of
25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels. In this scenario, evidence shows vitamin D
deficiency as an important aspect directly related to depressive disorder chronicity.

Objective:
To assess the association between Vitamin D serum levels and the intensity
of depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior in a clinical sample of depressed
patients.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study with 146 patients aged between 18 and 59,
seen in two psychiatry ambulatories. Data collection involved measurement of
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and assessment of the intensity of depressive
symptoms and suicide risk.

Results:
In the sample, 35% presented low Vitamin D serum levels and, in these
individuals, the incidence of family history of Depressive Disorder (95.2%) and
chronicity of severe depressive symptoms (47.8%) was higher. As to suicidal behavior,
both groups presented high active suicide risk, with higher rates in the
group with hypovitaminosis D. Only suicidal ideation was linked to lower Vitamin
D levels (67.4% p= 0,005).

Conclusion:
In this study, hypovitaminosis D was associated with negative mental
health outcomes, such as more severe chronicity of depressive symptoms and
suicidal behavior, characterized by active suicidal ideation.
Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Life Skills Program for Depression: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Williams Christopher , McClay Carrie-Anne , Martinez Rebeca , Morrison Jill , Haig Caroline , Jones Ray , Farrand Paul 
Published: November 2021

Background
Depression is a common mental health problem with significant personal and social consequences. Studies have suggested that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression and anxiety when delivered one-to-one by an expert practitioner, but access to this talking therapy is often limited, and waiting lists can be long. However, a range of low-intensity interventions that can increase access to services are available including guided CBT self-help materials delivered via books, classes, and online packages.

Objective
This project aimed to pilot a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an online CBT-based life skills course with community-based individuals experiencing depression.

Methods
Individuals with symptoms of depression were recruited directly from the community via newspaper advertisements. Participants were remotely randomized to receive either immediate access (IA) or delayed access (DA) to a research version of the Living Life to the Full online CBT-based life skills package (3rd edition) with telephone support provided by nonspecialist, charity-based workers while they used the online intervention. The primary end point was at 3 months postrandomization, at which point, the DA group were offered the intervention. Levels of depression, anxiety, social functioning, and satisfaction were assessed.

Results
There were effective recruitment, randomization, and uptake, with 19 IA and 17 DA control participants entering the pilot study via newspaper advertisements and 13 of the 19 participants taking up the intervention. Overall, 72% (26/36) were not currently under the care of their general practitioner. The online package was acceptable to participants; the mean satisfaction score on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire was 21 out of 32 (SD 8.89). At 3 months, data collection was achieved from 78% (28/36) of the participants. The efficacy and retention data were used for a power calculation indicating that 72 participants in total will be required for a future substantive RCT.

Conclusions
The research design successfully tested the recruitment, data collection, and intervention delivery. The pilot study has provided data for the required sample size for the full RCT.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN registry ISRCTN12890709; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12890709

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1186/s13063-016-1336-y
The Role of University Preparation for Developing Students’ Employability and Professional Competencies
Authors: Iqbal Javeria , Shaukat Sadia 
Published: November 2021

The present research examines the effects of professional competencies of the university on students’ perceived employability including the relationship between perceived employability and professional competencies of postgraduates from public and private universities. The study was carried out on a sample of 300 hundred postgraduates including males (n= 150) and females (n=150). Data was gathered through a survey using the multistage proportionate random sampling technique. Perceived employability scale (Rothwell and Arnold, 2007) and Gutierrez's community college student survey (Gutierrez, 2012) were utilized. Results indicating a significant positive correlation between perceived employability and professional competencies of university postgraduates. Furthermore, results demonstrated the positive effects of professional competencies on the perceived employability of university postgraduates.
Key Words: Perceived employability, professional competencies, postgraduates.
Azure Lodging, Inc.: A Case Study on Capital Budgeting with Capital Rationing in a Service Industry Context
Authors: Burkert Michael , Calderon Thomas G. , Hesford James W. , Turner Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
This case illustrates capital budgeting in a service industry context. Three features should make this case attractive to instructors. First, the firm's rationing of capital means that students must select one investment among competing investment alternatives. Second, the project involves renovation of an existing hotel. Most cases analyze a business expansion by estimating the net present value of a single series of cash flows (i.e., either future cash flows occur or do not occur). In this case, students model cash flows if the project is accepted, comparing those cash flows to a model of cash flows if the hotel continues without renovation. Third, we introduce Monte Carlo analysis, which is an advanced technique for assessing uncertainty. The extensive data students use in this case are from an actual hotel chain's project database. The case has been used in undergraduate and graduate managerial accounting classes.
Data Availability: Available as downloadable supplemental material files.
INVESTIGATION OF EMBRYONIC HISTOGENESIS OF THE PAROTID GLAND
Authors: Slobodian O. , Lavriv L. , Stoliar D. , Kashperuk-Karpiuk I. , Shvets N. 
Published: November 2021

Lectinohistochemistry methods are very sensitive and allow to identify certain types and subpopulations of cells, to characterize non-cellular tissue structures in morphological studies, when they cannot be differentiated by using traditional methods of carbohydrate histochemistry. In many diseases, changes in the carbohydrate component of various glycoconjugates are observed, which contribute to the modification of morphofunctional characteristics of the cell and changes in its interaction with other cells and extracellular factors. Most studies are devoted to the study of the existing pathology of individual organs and systems (or their norms) in adults and animals. Data from the scientific literature on the histotopography of lectin receptors in the first months of human prenatal ontogenesis are few, and regarding the peculiarities of the expression of carbohydrate determinants of the rudiments of the human parotid gland in early prenatal ontogenesis - are absent. Glycopolymers compounds make up structural and functional basis of cells and tissues of a living organism. The necessity of anatomical-lectinohistochemical examination of the parotid gland in early prenatal period of ontogenesis is substantiated, as the evidences concerning its topography are fragmentary and unsystematized, and certain aspects of its ontogenesis are disputable. A natural redistribution of glycopolimers of the cytolemma and cytoplasm of the cells of the epithelial anlage of the parotid salivary gland and the mesenchyma adjacent to it in the course of investigating 50 human embryos and prefetuses aged up 21 days to 12 weeks at stages 9-23 and the beginning of the fetal period according to the classification of Carnegy’s institute has been revealed. Invagination of epithelial cells in the regions bucco-alveolar pockets into the underlying mesenchyme and their transformation into epithelial cords due to the accumulation of specific glycopolymers lectin WGA, SNA, HPA, RCA, LABA. The results of lectin-histochemical examination of the early prenatal ontogenesis of the parotid gland can form the basis for the work of laboratories dealing with screening of morphological material in order to assess the degree of maturation and prognosis of fetus viability and diagnostics of deviations from normal development.