bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potensi Antioksidan dan Tabir Surya Ekstrak dan Sediaan Krim Rambut Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Indah Mahendra Wardani  , Rissa Laila Vifta  
Published: October 2021

Sunlight emits electromagnetic radiation consisting of infrared, visible light, and UV radiation. High sun exposure can have an impact on skin damage. Corn silk is a waste from the cultivation of corn crops whose utilization is still very limited. Corn silk extract contains phenolic, flavonoids, and carotenoids that are efficacious as antioxidants and sunscreens. This study aims to find out the potential of antioxidants and sunscreens in corn silk extract and cream. This study by reviewing 5 articles consisting of 1 international article and 4 accredited National articles that discuss the activity of antioxidants and sunscreens both extracts and corn silk cream (Zea mays L.) published in 2011-2021. The results of the study of the five articles show that the compounds contained in corn hair extract that have antioxidant activity and sunscreen are phenolic, flavonoid, and carotenoids. Corn hair extract (Zea mays L.) has a very strong antioxidant activity category and has activity as an ultra protection category sunscreen. Corn silk cream have a very weak antioxidant activity and have maximum protection sunscreen activity. Both of corn silk extract and cream have antioxidant and sunscreen activity in the presence of secondary metabolite compounds phenolic, flavonoid, and carotene.
ABSTRAK
Sinar matahari memancarkan radiasi elektromagnetik yang terdiri dari inframerah, cahaya tampak, dan radiasi sinar UV. Paparan sinar matahari yang tinggi dapat berdampak pada kerusakan kulit. Rambut jagung merupakan limbah hasil budidaya tanaman jagung yang pemanfaatannya masih sangat terbatas. Rambut jagung mengandung fenolik, flavonoid, dan karotenoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan dan tabir surya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi antioksidan dan tabir surya pada ekstrak dan krim rambut jagung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengkaji sebanyak 5 artikel yang terdiri dari 1 artikel Internasional dan 4 artikel Nasional terakreditasi yang membahas aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya baik ekstrak maupun dalam bentuk sediaan krim rambut jagung (Zea mays L.) yang dipublikasikan tahun 2011-2021. Hasil studi dari kelima artikel menunjukkan bahwa senyawa yang terkandung dalam ekstrak rambut jagung yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya adalah fenolik, flavonoid, dan karotenoid. Ekstrak rambut jagung (Zea mays L.) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kategori sangat kuat dan memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya kategori proteksi ultra. Sediaan krim rambut jagung memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kategori sangat lemah dan memiliki aktivitas tabir surya kategori proteksi maksimal. Ekstrak maupun sediaan krim rambut jagung memiliki aktivitas baik antioksidan maupun tabir surya dengan adanya kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder fenolik, flavonoid, dan karoten.
Impact of tropical cyclone Amang on variability of wind speed, salinity, sea surface temperature, and their relationship to chlorophyll-a in sea waters of Sangihe Island
Authors: Rachim M. Hatta , Schaduw Joshian N.W. , Wantasen Adnan S. , Patty Wilhelmina , Ngangi Edwin L.A 
Published: October 2021

High concentrations of chlorophyll-a can be used to predict where fish gather. On the other hand, tropical cyclones are one of the triggering factors for vertical stirring and upwelling that cause fertility of waters. The Sangihe Island area is not an effective area for the formation of tropical cyclones. However, due to its geographical location with a tropical cyclone area and trajectory, the potential for disturbances caused by cyclones is impactful on Sangihe Island. The distribution of wind speed, salinity, sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration can be detected by satellite remote sensing imagery. This study aims to analyze the impact of Tropical Cyclone Amang on the variability of wind speed, salinity, sea surface temperature and on the concentration of chlorophyll-a in Sangihe Island. This study useswind speed, salinity, sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a data during the Amang Tropical Cyclone (January 6-27, 2019) from the AQUA-MODIS satellite imagery. The results show that the relationship between wind speed and chlorophyll-a concentration has impact on other parameters where both parameters showed a strong correlation value. It was also showed on the relationship between sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a.However, the relationship between salinity and chlorophyll-a concentration showed lowest effect among those parameters.Indonesian title: Dampak siklon tropis Amang terhadap variabilitas kecepatan angin, salinitas, suhu permukaan laut, dan hubungannya dengan klorofil-a di perairan laut Pulau Sangihe
MENGGUNAKAN MASKER DAN HAND SANITIZER EFEKTIF MENCEGAH PENYEBARAN COVID-19 DI LINGKUNGAN KANTOR DESA PASIRKAMUNING
Authors: Lia Fikayuniar  , Oviligiar Sugiharto  , Erliana Sari Ika Wahyuni  
Published: October 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melaksanakan salah satu bagian dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, memberikan edukasi mengenai “Menggunakan Masker Dan Hand Sanitizer Efektif Mencegah Penyebaran Covid-19 Di Lingkungan Kantor Desa Pasirkamuning”. Metode yang dilakukan pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarat adalah melakukan edukasi melalui spanduk pencegahan Covid-19, Pemberian sejumlah masker, hand sanitizer, Tempat mencuci tangan portable lengkap beserta sabun. Hasil Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat sangat sejalan dengan cara-cara yang telah di atur dengan mutlak pada peraturan ST/868/III/KEP./2020 tentang Antisipasi Virus Covid-19, dapat mencegah ada nya kasus reaktif Covid-19 di lingkungan kantor Desa Pasirkamuning dan di lingkungan masyarakat Desa Pasirkamuning.
Kata kunci : Pengabdian, Masyarakat, Masker, Hand Sanitizer, Covid-19

This community service aims to carry out one part of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, providing education on "Used Masks and Hand Sanitizers Effective to Prevent the Spread of Covid-19 in the Pasirkamuning Village Office Environment". The method used in community service activities is to provide education through Covid-19 prevention banners, giving several masks, hand sanitizers, complete portable hand washing places along with soap. Result in Community Service Activities. Community service activities are very much in line with the methods that have been regulating in the ST / 868 / III / KEP / 2020 regulation concerning Anticipation of the Covid-19 Virus, which can prevent reactive cases of Covid-19 in the Pasirkamuning Village office and the community of Pasirkamuning Village.

Keywords: Community Service, Mask, Hand Sanitizer, Covid-19
Leiomyosarcoma intestinal
Authors: Cabello Fernández A , León Luque M , Maraver Zamora M , Bejarano García A 
Published: October 2021

Resumen

El leiomiosarcoma digestivo es una neoplasia poco común, siendo el lugar de asentamiento más frecuente el estómago, seguido del intestino delgado (íleon). Sólo el 3% de los casos afectan al colon. En este último caso habría que hacer un diagnóstico diferencial fundamentalmente con el adenocarcinoma de colon. Su diagnóstico es histológico con necesidad de inmunohistoquímica, y su tratamiento curativo consiste en la cirugía, habiendo demostrado la quimio y radioterapiapocobeneficio.Supronósticoespobre,yaquelarecidivatras la cirugía y la diseminación hematógena son frecuentes.
Towards intercultural competence: Using consensus to identify essential personality traits for an inclusive extension education workforce
Authors: Diaz John , Silvert Colby , Gusto Cody , Jayaratne K.S.U , Narine Lendel 
Published: October 2021

The rapid diversification of workforces and client stakeholder groups has prompted a growing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion as a critical component of professional development across industry sectors. While the proliferation of intercultural competence training models has increased awareness among employers and workforces, the competencies advocated in these models may not always be relevant to an organization or institution’s operational context. This study addresses the need for contextually grounded intercultural competency models targeted to extension education contexts. Using a three-phased Delphi approach, data were gathered from a panel of 36 intercultural competency experts. The panel identified nine personal traits thought to be critical for the recruitment and development of culturally competent extension educators. The authors explain how these results may be used to recruit extension educators with traits conducive to engagement with a broad audience of stakeholders using culturally sensitive and responsive techniques. Given the distinct processes by which different components of intercultural competence are developed, we recommend specific measures and techniques administrators can utilize to recruit and develop extension educators who possess the agreed-upon intercultural personality traits.
Contested science: Individuals with higher metacognitive insight into interpretation of evidence are less likely to polarize
Authors: Said Nadia , Fischer Helen , Anders Gerrit 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSocietal polarization over contested science has increased in recent years. To explain this development, political, sociological, and psychological research has identified societal macro-phenomena as well as cognitive micro-level factors that explain how citizens reason about the science. Here we take a radically different perspective, and highlight the effects of metacognition: How citizens reason about their own reasoning. Leveraging methods from Signal Detection Theory, we investigated the importance of metacognitive insight for polarization for the heavily contested topic of climate change, and the less heavily contested topic of nanotechnology. We found that, for climate change (but not for nanotechnology), higher insight into the accuracy of own interpretations of the available scientific evidence related to a lower likelihood of polarization over the science. This finding held irrespective of the direction of the scientific evidence (endorsing or rejecting anthropogenicity of climate change). Furthermore, the polarizing effect of scientific evidence could be traced back to higher metacognitive insight fostering belief-updating in the direction of the evidence at the expense of own, prior beliefs. By demonstrating how metacognition links to polarization, the present research adds to our understanding of the drivers of societal polarization over science.
A Deep Search for Five Molecules in the 49 Ceti Debris Disk
Authors: Klusmeyer Jessica , Hughes A. Meredith , Matrà Luca , Flaherty Kevin , Kóspál Ágnes , Moór Attila , Roberge Aki , Öberg Karin , Boley Aaron , White Jacob , Wilner David , Ábrahám Péter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Surprisingly strong CO emission has been observed from more than a dozen debris disks around nearby main-sequence stars. The origin of this CO is unclear, in particular whether it is left over from the protoplanetary disk phase or is second-generation material released from collisions between icy bodies like debris dust. The primary unexplored avenue for distinguishing the origin of the material is understanding its molecular composition. Here we present a deep search for five molecules (CN, HCN, HCO+, SiO, and CH3OH) in the debris disk around 49 Ceti. We take advantage of the high sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at Band 7 to integrate for 3.2 hr at modest spatial (1″) and spectral (0.8 km s−1) resolution. Our search yields stringent upper limits on the flux of all surveyed molecular lines, which imply abundances relative to CO that are orders of magnitude lower than those observed in protoplanetary disks and solar system comets, and also those predicted in outgassing models of second-generation material. However, if C i shielding is responsible for extending the lifetime of any CO produced in second-generation collisions as proposed by Kral et al., then the line ratios do not reflect true ice phase chemical abundances but rather imply that CO is shielded by its own photodissociation product, C i, and other molecules are rapidly photodissociated by the stellar and interstellar radiation field.
Revised Surface Abundances of R Coronae Borealis Stars
Authors: Pandey Gajendra , Hema B. P. , Reddy Arumalla B. S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Surface abundances of 14 (11 majority class and three minority class) R Coronae Borealis stars (RCBs) along with the final-flash object, V4334 Sgr (Sakurai’s object) are revised based on their carbon abundances measured from the observed C2 bands; note that the earlier reported abundances were derived using an assumed carbon abundance due to the well-known carbon problem. The hot RCB star MV Sgr is not subject to a carbon problem; it is remarkable to note that MV Sgr’s carbon abundance lies in the range that is measured for the majority and minority class RCBs. The revised iron abundances for the RCBs are in the range

log
ϵ

(Fe) = 3.8 to

log
ϵ

(Fe) = 5.8 with the minority class RCB star V854 Cen at the lower end and the majority class RCB star R CrB at the higher end of this range. Indications are that the revised RCBs’ metallicity range is roughly consistent with the metal-poor population contained within the bulge. The revised abundances of RCBs are then compared with extreme helium stars (EHes), the hotter relatives of RCBs. Clear differences are observed between RCBs and EHes in their metallicity distribution, carbon abundances, and the abundance trends observed for the key elements. These abundances are further discussed in light of their formation scenarios.
Revisiting the Spectral Features of Ellerman Bombs and UV Bursts. I. Radiative Hydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Hong Jie , Li Ying , Ding M. D. , Hao Qi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Ellerman bombs (EBs) and UV bursts are both small-scale solar activities that occur in active regions. They are now believed to form at different heights in the lower atmosphere. In this paper, we use one-dimensional radiative hydrodynamic simulations to calculate various line profiles in response to heating in different atmospheric layers. We confirm that heating in the upper photosphere to the lower chromosphere can generate spectral features of typical EBs, while heating in the mid to upper chromosphere can generate spectral features of typical UV bursts. The intensity evolution of the Hα line wing in EBs shows a rise–plateau pattern, while that of the Si iv 1403 Å line center in UV bursts shows a rise–fall pattern. However, the predicted enhancement of the FUV continuum near 1400 Å for EBs is rarely reported and requires further observations to check it. With two heating sources or an extended heating source in the atmosphere, both EB and UV burst features could be reproduced simultaneously.
Stellar Populations of Spectroscopically Decomposed Bulge–Disk for S0 Galaxies from the CALIFA Survey
Authors: Pak Mina , Lee Joon Hyeop , Oh Sree , D’Eugenio Francesco , Colless Matthew , Jeong Hyunjin , Jeong Woong-Seob 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We investigate the stellar population properties of bulges and disks separately for 34 S0s using integral-field spectroscopy from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. The spatially resolved stellar age and metallicity of bulge and disk components are simultaneously estimated using the penalized pixel fitting method with photometrically defined weights for the two components. We find a tight correlation between age and metallicity for bulges, while the relation for disks has a larger scatter than that for bulges. This implies that the star formation histories of disks are more complicated than those of bulges. The bulges of high-mass S0s are mostly comparable in terms of metallicity, while bulges appear to be systematically more metal-rich than disks for low-mass S0s. The ages of bulges and disks in high-mass S0s appear to increase with local density. The bulge ages of low-mass S0s also increase with local density, but such a trend is not clear in the disk ages of low-mass S0s. In addition, the age difference between bulge and disk components (ΔAge) tends to increase with local density, for both high-mass and low-mass S0s. High-mass S0s have systematically greater ΔAge than low-mass S0s at a given local density. Our results indicate that the stellar mass significantly influences the evolution of S0 galaxies, but the environment also plays an important role in determining the evolution of bulges and disks at a given stellar mass.
The IceCube Pie Chart: Relative Source Contributions to the Cosmic Neutrino Flux
Authors: Bartos I. , Veske D. , Kowalski M. , Márka Z. , Márka S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Neutrino events from IceCube have recently been associated with multiple astrophysical sources. Interestingly, these likely detections represent three distinct astrophysical source types: active galactic nuclei (AGNs), blazars, and tidal disruption events (TDEs). Here, we compute the expected contributions of AGNs, blazars, and TDEs to the overall cosmic neutrino flux detected by IceCube based on the associated events, IceCube’s sensitivity, and the source types’ astrophysical properties. We find that, despite being the most commonly identified sources, blazars cannot contribute more than 11% of the total flux (90% credible level), consistent with existing limits from stacked searches. On the other hand, we find that either AGNs or TDEs could contribute more than 50% of the total flux (90% credible level), although stacked searches further limit the TDE contribution to ≲30%. We also find that so-far unknown source types contribute at least 10% of the total cosmic flux with a probability of 80%. We assemble a pie chart that shows the most likely fractional contribution of each source type to IceCube’s total neutrino flux.
Self-modulation of Cosmic Rays in Molecular Clouds: Imprints in the Radio Observations
Authors: Dogiel V. A. , Chernyshov D. O. , Ivlev A. V. , Kiselev A. M. , Kopyev A. V. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We analyze properties of nonthermal radio emission from the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) and from individual molecular clouds, and argue that the observed features can be interpreted in the framework of our recent theory of self-modulation of cosmic rays (CRs) penetrating dense molecular regions. For clouds with gas column densities of ∼1023 cm−2, the theory predicts depletion of sub-GeV CR electrons, occurring due to self-modulation of CR protons and leading to harder synchrotron spectra in the sub-GHz range. The predicted imprints of electron depletion in the synchrotron spectra agree well with the spectral hardening seen in available radio observations of the CMZ. A similar, but even stronger, effect on the synchrotron emission is predicted for individual (denser) CMZ clouds, such as the Sgr B2. However, the emission at frequencies above ∼GHz, where observational data are available, is completely dominated by the thermal component, and therefore new observations at lower frequencies are needed to verify the predictions.
Harmonic Maser Emissions from Electrons with Loss-cone Distribution in Solar Active Regions
Authors: Ning 宁 Hao 昊 , Chen 陈 Yao 耀 , Ni 倪 Sulan 素兰 , Li 李 Chuanyang 传洋 , Zhang 张 Zilong 子龙 , Kong 孔 Xiangliang 祥良 , Yousefzadeh Mehdi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Electron cyclotron maser emission (ECME) is regarded as a plausible source for coherent radio radiations from solar active regions (e.g., solar radio spikes). In this Letter, we present a 2D3V fully kinetic electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulation to investigate the wave excitations and subsequent nonlinear processes induced by the energetic electrons in the loss-cone distribution. The ratio of the plasma frequency to the electron gyrofrequency ω
pe/Ωce is set to 0.25, adequate for solar active region conditions. As a main result, we obtain strong emissions at the second-harmonic X mode (X2). While the fundamental X mode (X1) and the Z mode are amplified directly via the electron cyclotron maser instability, the X2 emissions can be produced by nonlinear coalescence between two Z modes and between Z and X1 modes. This represents a novel generation mechanism for the harmonic emissions in plasmas with a low value of ω
pe/Ωce, which may resolve the escaping difficulty of explaining solar radio emissions with the ECME mechanism.
Efficient Formation Pathway of Methyl Formate: The Role of OH Radicals on Ice Dust
Authors: Ishibashi A. , Hidaka H. , Oba Y. , Kouchi A. , Watanabe N. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Three structural isomers of the C2H4O2 molecule, namely, methyl formate (MF; HCOOCH3), acetic acid (CH3COOH), and glycolaldehyde (HOCH2CHO), have attracted considerable attention as targets for understanding pathways toward molecular complexity in the interstellar medium (ISM). Among these isomers, MF is decisively abundant in various astronomical objects. For various formation pathways of MF, surface reactions on cosmic dust would play an important role. However, when compared to observations, the formation of MF has been found to be relatively inefficient in laboratory experiments in which methanol (CH3OH)-dominant ices were processed by ultraviolet photons and cosmic-ray analogs. Here, we show experimental results on the effective formation of MF by the photolysis of CH3OH on water ice at 10 K. We found that the key parameter leading to the efficient formation of MF is the supply of OH radicals by the photolysis of H2O, which significantly differs from CH3OH-rich experimental conditions. Moreover, using an ultrahigh-sensitivity surface analysis method, we succeeded in constraining the decisive formation pathway of MF via the photolysis of methoxymethanol (MM; CH3OCH2OH), which would improve our current understanding of chemical evolution in the ISM.
No Redetections of blc1 in 39 hr of Reobservation Campaigns of Proxima Centauri
Authors: Sheikh Sofia Z. , Smith Shane , Price Danny , Lebofsky Matt , Siemion Andrew , Cordes James M. , Gajjar Vishal , Drew Jamie , Worden S. Pete 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In 2019 April, radio observations of Proxima Centauri were performed with the Ultra-Wideband Low Receiver on the Parkes Telescope. A narrowband radio search of these data revealed a technosignature signal-of-interest reported as “blc1” at 982.002 MHz. After the initial discovery of blc1 in the data in 2020 October, we performed a series of reobservations over the next 6 months, totaling 39 hr of on-sky time. We do not redetect blc1, or find any other signals-of-interest, within ±1 MHz of 982.002 MHz in this data set. Taken in context, this null result implies that blc1 was transient radio frequency interference, makes it less consistent with a periodic transmission, and makes it less consistent with interstellar scintillation.