bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rate of Endophthalmitis Following Cataract Surgery Using Intracameral Moxifloxacin without Postoperative Topical Antibiotics
Authors: Riffel Justin , Quick Anjulie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To report the recent rate of acute postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery at the University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC) where postoperative topical antibiotics were excluded.
Methods

This was a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent phacoemulsification with or without intraocular lens insertion as standalone surgery from February 2018 through August 2020. Those undergoing combination surgeries were excluded. All patients received intracameral moxifloxacin at the conclusion of cataract surgery but were not prescribed postoperative topical antibiotics. Acute postoperative endophthalmitis was defined as occurring within six weeks after surgery.
Results

There were 2,218 standalone cataract surgeries performed on 1,418 patients. Zero cases of acute postoperative endophthalmitis were identified (0%). There were no systemic adverse reactions to intracameral moxifloxacin administration in the 41 patients with a preexisting fluoroquinolone allergy.
Conclusion

The recent rate of acute postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery at KUMC using intracameral moxifloxacin without postoperative topical antibiotics is 0%.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Dynamic Behavior in Turning Process of Thin-walled Workpieces made of 42CrMo4 Steel Alloy
Authors: Sahraoui Zied , Glaa Nawel , MEHDI Kamel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Machining thin-walled parts is generally cumbersome due to their low structural rigidity. Thus, to better understand the dynamic behavior of thin-walled parts during machining, various engineers and researchers in the field of metal cutting employ the Finite Element Method (FEM) due to its ability to highlight the physics involved in chip formation and the range of force generated in the cutting zone. The results of numerical simulations are evaluated using comparison with experimental data. In this paper, we study the effect of feed rate as well as the thickness of the wall part made of 42CrMo4 steel alloy on the cutting forces and workpiece displacements both experimentally and numerically during roughing and finishing turning process. The numerical study is based on the development of a three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Model (FEM) in Abaqus/Explicit frame. In the model, the workpiece material is governed by a behavior law of Johnson-Cook. The detachment of the chip is simulated by a ductile fracture law also of Johnson-Cook. Numerical and experimental results show that the cutting forces and the quality of the machined surface depend not only on the choice of cutting parameters but also on the dynamic behavior of thin-walled parts due to their low rigidity and low structural damping during of the machining operation. Indeed, cutting forces are proportional to the feed rate and inversely proportional to the thickness of the part. The largest displacements recorded on the part are mainly along the direction of the tangential component of the cutting force. The flexibility of the part generates instability in the cutting process, but the frequencies of the vibrations are higher than the frequency of rotation of the part.
Research Progress of Micro-RNAs in Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma
Authors: Cai Xueyang , Yin Wei , Tang Chao , Lu Yubao , He Yuqi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with no effective treatment. Apoptosis, one of the programmed cell death, is any pathological form of cell death mediated by intracellular processes. Under the pathological state, the unregulated regulation of apoptosis can disrupt the balance between cell proliferation and death, causing osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. As carcinogenic or tumor suppressor factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by regulating apoptosis-related signaling pathways and apoptosis-related genes. This review provides the current knowledge of miRNAs and their target genes related to the apoptosis of osteosarcoma.
Urban Growth Modeling Considering Educational Institutions: An Investigation Into the Performance of Three Anfis Methods
Authors: Ghobadiha Yousef , Motieyan Hamid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Due to increasing urbanization, the rapid expansion of urban spaces has become a major environmental concern over the last few decades. Therefore, modeling the urban expansion as a complex system has been scrutinized in recent years; however, determining the rules that lead to the expansion of urban areas has always been a challenging factor in this field, especially for disaggregated models like cellular automata (CA). To overcome this issue, in this research, an Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is proposed to enhance the simulation of urban growth through the automatic production of transition rules. The ANFIS can be associated with several inputs division methods, such as ANFIS accompanied by grid partitioning (ANFIS-GP), subtractive clustering (ANFIS-SC), and fuzzy c-means clustering (ANFIS-FCM). Hence, twenty-two ANFIS models based on Landsat images for the time interval from 2000 to 2010 and using different division methods were trained to investigate their effect on the efficiency of ANFIS in urban growth modeling. To examine the efficiency, the Cellular Automata-based Markov Chain (CA-MC) as a popular method was developed, and the simulation accuracy of CA-MC and the most accurate ANFIS models were obtained through comparison with observed data. The most accurate ANFIS-SC model had a Kappa of 0.76 and an overall accuracy of 93.41% for the 2019 simulated map. The results from this study reveal that the ANFIS model is effective at simulating urban expansion and the ANFIS-SC is superior to CA-MC, ANFIS-GP, and ANFIS-FCM models in urban expansion modeling.
An Improved RF-PNN Based Annotation Model With Texture and Edge Based Feature Descriptors
Authors: J Joshua Bapu , D Jemi Florinabel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
High informative feature descriptors always improves the classification process. In order to classify the earth surface, it is essential to annotate satellite images using itshigh informative feature descriptors. In this proposed work, an annotation framework has been implemented to improve the image discrimination by extracting texture and edge based feature vectors. So the combination of these features subsequently fed into the Random Forest based Probability Neural Network (RF-PNN) classifier to make an annotation model. The experimental analysis with comparisons shows that the proposed annotation model well performed with earlier works and comparative results of benchmark datasets of AID dataset, UC-Merced Land-Use dataset and WHU-RS19 datasets have been documented with analysis.
Salivary Microbiome in Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Morishima Seiji , Takeda Kaori , Greenan Setsue , Maki Yoshinobu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), a most frequently occurring genetic disorder, is associated with oral morphological abnormalities and higher incidence rates of oral diseases. Recent studies have analyzed the oral microbiome to elucidate their relationships with oral diseases and general health; however, reports on the oral microbiome in individuals with DS are scarce. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome in children with DS. The salivary microbiomes of children with DS (DS) and children without DS (ND) aged 1 to 12 years were compared. Results of culture and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection tests for cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria showed no significant differences in the detected bacteria between the DS and ND groups, with the exception of a significantly higher detection rate of Candida albicans in children with DS with mixed dentition. A comparison of the salivary microbiomes by 16S sequencing showed no significant difference in α diversity; however, it showed a significant difference in β diversity. Children with DS had a higher relative abundance of Corynebacterium and Cardiobacterium, and lower relative abundance of TM7. This study provided basic data on the salivary microbiome of children with DS and further identified a characteristic microbiological marker of children with DS.
Effects of Breastfeeding and Formula Feeding on the Metabolic Factors and the Expression Level of Obesity and Diabetes-Predisposing Genes in Healthy Infants
Authors: Cheshmeh Sahar , Saber Amir , Nachvak Seyed Mostafa , Hojati Niloofar , Elahi Negin , Esfahani Neda Heidarzadeh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are prevalent disorders diagnosed by glucose metabolism problems and excess weight gain. Breastfeeding is the best feeding way for infants until six months and due to its nutritional properties, has desirable effects on diabetes and obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of breastfeeding, formula feeding, and formula-plus breastfeeding (mix-feeding) on the anthropometric indices, metabolic factors, and the expression level of obesity and diabetes-predisposing genes of healthy infants. Methods: A total of 150 healthy infants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All infants (aged 24 months) based on the type of their feeding were divided into three groups, breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mix-feeding. The anthropometric indices, glycemic indexes, lipid profile, and the expression level of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), liver X receptor α (LXR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) genes were assessed for all infants using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results: The anthropometric indices including weight, height, and head circumference, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were lower in the breastfeeding infants in comparison to other groups. As well, the expression level of the ACACB gene was significantly downregulated in breastfeeding infants, while the PPAR-γ gene was significantly upregulated, but the expression level of LXR- α, PTEN and BDNF didn’t show a significant difference between groups.Conclusions: Breastfeeding in comparison with formula feeding possessed desirable effects on anthropometric indices, metabolic factors, and diabetes-predisposing genes.
Fibonacci Sequence-related Phenomenon During Chondrocyte Proliferation of the Gottingen Pig Knee Tibial Plateau
Authors: wang xiao jian , Tian Wei , Wu Jian-bo , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background The aim of our study was to observe the quantitative changes in tibial plateau chondrocytes in the proliferation process from normal Gottingen pigs in vitro and compare them with the Fibonacci sequence.Methods Chondrocytes from normal Gottingen pig tibial plateau cartilage were isolated and cultured to the third generation, and the number of chondrocytes was measured to determine whether the chondrocyte growth was at the logarithmic growth phase. Chondrocytes were added to cell culture bottles at very a low density to allow full separation and allow each chondrocyte to grow as independently as possible. Thirty single chondrocytes were selected, and the number of chondrocyte colonies were observed and recorded every day. Results Among the 30 chondrocyte colonies, the changes in the numbers of 16 chondrocyte colonies were 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, and 987, which conformed to the numbers of the Fibonacci sequence.The number of other chondrocyte colonies was lower than corresponding numbers of the Fibonacci sequence at the same time point.Conclusion The numbers of normal Gottingen pig tibial plateau chondrocytes during the proliferation process were in line with the numbers of the Fibonacci sequence.Alignment to the Fibonacci sequence may be the fastest way for changes in the numbers of normal chondrocytes during the proliferation process in vitro.
Innovation Cloning to Small Business Success: Entrepreneurial Perspective
Authors: Chaniago Harmon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is challenging to run a business during the Covid-19 pandemic because the owners and the small business leaders must be responsible for success. Leaders need to innovate and look for sources of innovation, including practical inventions such as innovation cloning. In this study, innovation cloning consisting of creativity cloning (CC) and implementation cloning (IC) is analyzed for its relationship to business success, in the form of owner's interest (OI) and financial performance (Fn) perspectives. This study aims to reveal the role of innovation cloning, CC and IC, in achieving business success based on OI and Fn. The study uses an explanatory survey. The number of samples is 155 entrepreneurs/small business leaders in Bandung City, Indonesia. Data processing uses descriptive statistics and multiple regression with the help of SPSS and Amos 23 software. This study found that CC and IC affected OI, and IC was shown to affect Fn. In contrast, CC does not affect Fn. CC and IC are correlated with each other. It is proved CC and IC are one unit or part of cloning innovation. The leadership's expertise in choosing the object to be cloned and adapting it to consumer needs will facilitate company goals. For small businesses, utilizing innovation cloning and modifying it is a practical way to achieve success.
Physiological and potentially pathogenic microbial flora in bats
Authors: Foti Maria , Spena Mariateresa Teresa , Fisichella Vittorio , Mascetti Antonietta , Colnaghi Marco , Grasso Maria , Piraino Chiara , Sciurba Franco , Grasso Rosario 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study of bats has a significant interest from a systematic, zoogeographic, ecological and physiological point of view, but their possible role as potential carriers of pathogenic bacteria is little explored and very little research has been carried out on the European continent. The aim of this study is to investigate the culturable aerobic enteric, conjunctival and oral bacterial flora of bats living in southern Italy to determine the physiological bacterial microflora and to investigate the possible occurrence of pathogenic bacteria. Five hundred and sixty-seven samples were collected from 189 individuals of 4 species of bats (Myotis myotis, Myotis capaccinii, Miniopterus schreibersii and Rhinolophus hipposideros). The sampling was carried out in six areas of the territory of Sicily and Calabria (southern Italy). All samples were examined for Gram negative bacteria; conjunctival and oral swabs were also submitted to bacteriological examination for Gram positive bacteria. Four hundred thirteen Gram negative strains were isolated. Of these, 377 belonged to 17 different genera of the Enterobacteriaceae Group and 30 to 5 other Families. One hundred eighty three Gram positive strains were isolated. Of these, 73 belonged to Staphylococcaceae Family, 72 to Bacillaceae Family and 36 to 4 other Families. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that some of these genera have been isolated from bats. The results confirmed that bats play an important role in the ecology and circulation of potentially pathogenic bacteria not only for wild species but also for domestic animals and for humans.
Peripheral tissues metabolites and biological functions in Post-stroke Depression
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Pu Juncai , Zhou Qinxiang , Yang Lining , Bai Dingqun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common and severe neuropsychiatric complication after stroke. However, the molecular mechanism of PSD is still unclear. Previous studies have identified peripheral tissues metabolites associated with PSD using metabolomics techniques. We searched and systematically summarized metabolites that may be involved in metabolic changes in peripheral tissues of patients with PSD from the Metabolite Network of Depression Database (MENDA) and other biomedical databases. MetaboAnalyst5.0 software was used for pathway analysis and enrichment analysis of differential metabolites, and subgroup analyses were performed according to tissue types and metabolomics techniques. We identified 47 metabolites that were differentially expressed between patients with and without PSD. Five differential metabolites were found in both plasma and urine, including L-glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, palmitic acid, L-phenylalanine, and L-tyrosine. We integrated these metabolites into metabolic pathways, and six pathways were significantly altered. These pathways could be roughly divided into three modules including amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and glucose metabolism. Among them, the most significantly altered pathway was “phenylalanine metabolism” and the pathway containing the most associated molecules was “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis”, which deserve further study to elucidate their role in the molecular mechanism of PSD. In summary, metabolic changes in peripheral tissues are associated with PSD, especially the disruption of “phenylalanine metabolism” and “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis” pathways. This study provides clues to the metabolic characteristics of patients with PSD, which may help to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of PSD.
Taguchi Optimization of Plasticisation Process for Glycerol and TEA Based Thermoplastic Mango Starch Biofilms
Authors: Agwamba Ernest Chiedoziam , Hassan Lawal G. , Muhammad Achor , Sokoto Abdullahi M. , Agwamba Eric N. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This investigation involves study of independent variable that influences the Young modulus of thermoplastic mango starch (TPS) as dependent response factor. The experiment was design using the Taguchi orthogonal technique with four independent variables; plasticiser type; glycerol (G), and Triethanolamine-(TEA) (T), percentage plasticiser (40 and 120 %), percentage carboxymethyl cellulose-CMC (10 and 50 %), and concentration of HCl (0.05 and 0.15 M). The result of the main effect plots for mean indicated that the gTPS-CMC1 with 268.85a MPa is a better outcome compared to gTPS-CMC3 with 280.31a MPa, since no significance difference was observed due to less composition requirement of CMC for gTPS–CMC1, making it more cost effective to produced with better optimum conditions. The interaction plot of the independent variables showed that for plasticiser types; when glycerol (G) was utilised a higher young modulus is observed than TEA (T) and only interacts with TEA (T) at 0.015 M HCl; 10 % CMC gives a higher response compared to 50 % CMC and showed no interaction even as the other independent variables fluctuates, and similar effect was observed for percentage plasticiser. Study concluded that the predicted mean (young modulus) is substantially consistent with the experimental observation (R2 = 0.6283).
A Scalable, Black-box, Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Continuous Multimodal Optimization in Moderate Dimensions
Authors: Johannsen Klaus , Goris Nadine , Jensen Bjørnar , Tjiputra Jerry 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Optimization problems can be found in many areas of science and technology. Often, not only the global optimum, but also a (larger) number of near-optima are of interest. This gives rise to so-called multimodal optimization problems. In most of the cases, the number and quality of the optima is unknown and assumptions on the objective functions cannot be made. In this paper, we focus on continuous, unconstrained optimization in moderately high dimensional continuous spaces (<=10). We present a scalable algorithm with virtually no parameters, which performs well for general objective functions (non-convex, discontinuous). It is based on two well-established algorithms (CMA-ES, deterministic crowding). Novel elements of the algorithm are the detection of seed points for local searches and collision avoidance, both based on nearest neighbors, and a strategy for semi-sequential optimization to realize scalability. The performance of the proposed algorithm is numerically evaluated on the CEC2013 niching benchmark suite for 1-20 dimensional functions and a 9 dimensional real-world problem from constraint optimization in climate research. The algorithm shows good performance on the CEC2013 benchmarks and falls only short on higher dimensional and strongly inisotropic problems. In case of the climate related problem, the algorithm is able to find a high number (150) of optima, which are of relevance to climate research. The proposed algorithm does not require special configuration for the optimization problems considered in this paper, i.e. it shows good black-box behavior.
Use of Multi-Modality Technology to Reduce the Radiation Dose of Multi-Slice Spiral CT Coronary Angiography (MSCTCA) in Normal Weight and Overweight Patients
Authors: Hu Xiao lu , Huang Pei kai , Zhang Meng , Lei Min , Chen Jun , Chen Yan xia , He Tao , xiao mengqiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study was performed to explore the value of multi-modality technology, with a combination of narrow acquisition window, isocentric scanning, low tube voltage, low tube current and iterative reconstruction (IR), for reducing the radiation dose in multi-slice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCTCA). Materials and methods: In this prospective randomised controlled study, 154 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were classified according to body mass index (BMI) as normal weight (BMI 18–27kg/m2) or overweight (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2), and divided into four groups: multi-modality–normal BMI group (A1, n = 82); multi-modality–overweight group (B1, n = 17); conventional–normal BMI group (A2, n = 39); and conventional–overweight group (B2, n = 16). The parameters in the multi-modality groups were as follows: isocentric scan, tube voltage = 80 kV, tube current control using 80% “smart milliampere”, and maximum current during 60–80% of the RR interval. The parameters in the conventional groups were as follows: normal position, tube voltage = 100 kV, tube current control using smart milliampere, and maximum current during 30–80% of the RR interval. The effective radiation dose (ED), objective image quality (IQ), noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) and subjective 5-point Likert scale IQ scores of MSCTCA images were compared among the four groups. Results: The average EDs of groups A1, A2, B1and B2 were( 1.13±0.35 ) mSv, ( 3.36±1.30 ) mSv, ( 1.54±0.53 ) mSv and ( 5.90±0.93 ) mSv, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in ED between groups A1 and A2, and between groups B1 and B2 (all P < 0.01). Noise was significantly lower, and both SNR and CNR were significantly higher, in group A2 than group A1 (all P < 0.01), but there were no significant differences in these parameters between groups B1 and B2 (P = 0.14–0.51). The average IQ scores of groups A1, A2, B1and B2 were 4.46±0.59(Fig.3), 4.45±0.62(Fig.4), 4.39±0.68(Fig.5) and 4.42±0.66(Fig.6),respectively. There were no significant differences in subjective IQ scores among the four groups (P = 0.12). Consistency among observers in the subjective IQ scores of the four groups was very good, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.71–0.90. The subjective IQ scores of the coronary artery were excellent in all four groups, with a total good-to-excellent rate of ≥ 92.64%, and the total number of evaluable segments in the images of all four groups was ≥ 98.26%. Conclusions: Under conditions appropriate for clinical diagnosis, multi-modality technology can reduce the radiation dose of MSCTCA scans in both normal weight and overweight patients.