bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time spent outdoors in childhood is associated with reduced risk of myopia as an adult
Authors: Lingham Gareth , Yazar Seyhan , Lucas Robyn M. , Milne Elizabeth , Hewitt Alex W. , Hammond Christopher J. , MacGregor Stuart , Rose Kathryn A. , Chen Fred K. , He Mingguang , Guggenheim Jeremy A. , Clarke Michael W. , Saw Seang-Mei , Williams Cathy , Coroneo Minas T. , Straker Leon , Mackey David A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMyopia (near-sightedness) is an important public health issue. Spending more time outdoors can prevent myopia but the long-term association between this exposure and myopia has not been well characterised. We investigated the relationship between time spent outdoors in childhood, adolescence and young adulthood and risk of myopia in young adulthood. The Kidskin Young Adult Myopia Study (KYAMS) was a follow-up of the Kidskin Study, a sun exposure-intervention study of 1776 children aged 6–12 years. Myopia status was assessed in 303 (17.6%) KYAMS participants (aged 25–30 years) and several subjective and objective measures of time spent outdoors were collected in childhood (8–12 years) and adulthood. Index measures of total, childhood and recent time spent outdoors were developed using confirmatory factor analysis. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between a 0.1-unit change in the time outdoor indices and risk of myopia after adjusting for sex, education, outdoor occupation, parental myopia, parental education, ancestry and Kidskin Study intervention group. Spending more time outdoors during childhood was associated with reduced risk of myopia in young adulthood (multivariable odds ratio [OR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69, 0.98). Spending more time outdoors in later adolescence and young adulthood was associated with reduced risk of late-onset myopia (≥ 15 years of age, multivariable OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.64, 0.98). Spending more time outdoors in both childhood and adolescence was associated with less myopia in young adulthood.
Evaluation of moxifloxacin-induced cytotoxicity on human corneal endothelial cells
Authors: Park Joo-Hee , Kim Martha , Chuck Roy S. , Park Choul Yong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMoxifloxacin hydrochloride (MXF) is widely used for the prevention of bacterial endophthalmitis after intraocular surgeries. However, the safety issue of intracameral injection of MXF for human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) is still debatable. In this study, we investigated concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (0.05–1 mg/ml) of MXF for immortalized HCECs (B4G12 cell) and the underlying mechanism. Reactive oxygen generation (ROS) and cell viability after MXF exposure was measured. Flow cytometric analysis and TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptotic HCECs after MXF exposure. Ultrastructure of damaged HCECs by MXF was imaged by transmission electron microscope. Western blot analysis and caspase 2, 3 and 8 analysis were used to reveal the underlying mechanism of MXF induced damage in HCECs. We found that MXF induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HCECs. MXF exposure increased ROS generation and induced autophagy in HCECs. Increased LDH release represented the cellular membrane damage by MXF. In addition, caspases activation, Bax/Bcl-xL-dependent apoptosis pathway and apoptosis inducing factor nuclear translocation were all involved in MXF induced HCECs’ damage, especially after exposure to high dose of MXF (0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml). These findings suggest that MXF toxicity on HCECs should be thoroughly considered by ophthalmologists when intracameral injection of MXF is planned.
Acute liver injury following acetaminophen administration does not activate atrophic pathways in the mouse diaphragm
Authors: Bruells C. S. , Duschner P. , Marx G. , Gayan-Ramirez G. , Frank N. , Breuer T. , Krenkel O. , Tacke F. , Mossanen J. C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractN-acetyl-para-amino phenol (APAP, usually named paracetamol), which is commonly used for its analgesic and antipyretic properties may lead to hepatotoxicity and acute liver damage in case of overdoses. Released cytokines and oxidative stress following acute liver damage may affect other organs’ function notably the diaphragm, which is particularly sensitive to oxidative stress and circulating cytokines. We addressed this issue in a mouse model of acute liver injury induced by administration of APAP. C57BL/6J mice (each n = 8) were treated with N-acetyl-para-amino phenol (APAP) to induce acute drug caused liver injury and sacrificed 12 or 24 h afterwards. An untreated group served as controls. Key markers of inflammation, proteolysis, autophagy and oxidative stress were measured in diaphragm samples. In APAP treated animals, liver damage was proven by the enhanced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. In the diaphragm, besides a significant increase in IL 6 and lipid peroxidation, no changes were observed in key markers of the proteolytic, and autophagy signaling pathways, other inflammatory markers and fiber dimensions. The first 24 h of acute liver damage did not impair diaphragm atrophic pathways although it slightly enhanced IL-6 and lipid peroxidation. Whether longer exposure might affect the diaphragm needs to be addressed in future experiments.
The effects of myelin on macrophage activation are phenotypic specific via cPLA2 in the context of spinal cord injury inflammation
Authors: Kopper Timothy J. , Zhang Bei , Bailey William M. , Bethel Kara E. , Gensel John C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) produces chronic, pro-inflammatory macrophage activation that impairs recovery. The mechanisms driving this chronic inflammation are not well understood. Here, we detail the effects of myelin debris on macrophage physiology and demonstrate a novel, activation state-dependent role for cytosolic phospholipase-A2 (cPLA2) in myelin-mediated potentiation of pro-inflammatory macrophage activation. We hypothesized that cPLA2 and myelin debris are key mediators of persistent pro-inflammatory macrophage responses after SCI. To test this, we examined spinal cord tissue 28-days after thoracic contusion SCI in 3-month-old female mice and observed both cPLA2 activation and intracellular accumulation of lipid-rich myelin debris in macrophages. In vitro, we utilized bone marrow-derived macrophages to determine myelin’s effects across a spectrum of activation states. We observed phenotype-specific responses with myelin potentiating only pro-inflammatory (LPS + INF-γ; M1) macrophage activation, whereas myelin did not induce pro-inflammatory responses in unstimulated or anti-inflammatory (IL-4; M2) macrophages. Specifically, myelin increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide production in M1 macrophages as well as M1-mediated neurotoxicity. PACOCF3 (cPLA2 inhibitor) blocked myelin’s detrimental effects. Collectively, we provide novel spatiotemporal evidence that myelin and cPLA2 play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCI inflammation and the phenotype-specific response to myelin implicate diverse roles of myelin in neuroinflammatory conditions.
Preliminary clinical experience of robot-assisted surgery in treatment with genioplasty
Authors: Lin Li , Xu Cheng , Shi Yunyong , Zhou Chaozheng , Zhu Ming , Chai Gang , Xie Le 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGenioplasty is the main way to treat diseases such as chin asymmetry, dysplasia and overdevelopment, which involve the three-dimensional direction abnormalities of the chin. Since this kind of surgery mainly uses intraoral incisions, the narrow surgical field of intraoral incisions and the surrounding important neurovascular tissues make it easy for complications, to occur during the osteotomy process, which results in greater surgical risks. The first craniofacial-plastic surgical robot (CPSR-I) system is developed to complete the precise positioning and improve the surgeon's force perception ability. The Kalman filtering method is adopted to reduce the interference of sensor signal noise. An adaptive fuzzy control system, which has strong robustness and adaptability to the environment, is designed to improve the stability of robot-assisted surgical operations. To solve the problem of the depth perception, we propose an automatic bone drilling control strategy that combines position and force conditions to ensure that the robot can automatically stop when the bone is penetrated. On the basis of model surgery and animal experiments, preliminary experiments were carried out clinically. Based on the early results of 6 patients, the robot-assisted approach appears to be a safe and effective strategy for genioplasty.
Correlation between family history and characteristics of breast cancer
Authors: Liu Lei , Hao Xiaomeng , Song Zian , Zhi Xiangcheng , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Jin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFamily history is a major risk factor for breast cancer; approximately 5–10% cases of breast cancer are associated with a family history. Herein, we investigated the link between family history and breast cancer features to elucidate the importance of family history in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Data from 10,549 patients with breast cancer were collected from 2014 to 2017. Detailed information about the family history of the patients including the degree and number of relatives affected and the types of cancer was recorded. The tumors were pathologically and clinically classified based on the stage, grade, ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 status, and subtypes, according to standard guidelines. Data were analyzed using χ2 test and multiple logistic regression. Patients with a family history of other cancer types were significantly older at diagnosis than patients with a family history of breast/ovarian cancer (p = 0.002) and those without a family history of cancer (p < 0.001). Patients without a family history of cancer were typically diagnosed at a later stage, including high frequency in N2 (p = 0.035) and TNM stage III (p = 0.015). Compared with patients with second-/third-degree relatives, those with first-degree relatives having breast/ovarian cancer had a higher median age (54.1, p < 0.001) at diagnosis and showed more advanced disease. No significant difference was found between ER, PR, and HER2 status in patients with and without a family history of cancer. Family history of breast cancer can influence the cancer characteristics of the patients at diagnosis, especially patient age, tumor stage, and grade.
Mitogenomic analysis of diversity of key whitefly pests in Kenya and its implication to their sustainable management
Authors: Khamis Fathiya M. , Ombura Fidelis L. O. , Ajene Inusa J. , Akutse Komivi S. , Subramanian Sevgan , Mohamed Samira A. , Dubois Thomas , Tanga Chrysantus M. , Ekesi Sunday 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are devastating agricultural pests of economic importance vectoring pathogenic plant viruses. Knowledge on their diversity and distribution in Kenya is scanty, limiting development of effective sustainable management strategies. The present study is aimed at identifying whitefly pest species present in Kenya across different agroecological zones and establish predictive models for the most abundant species in Africa. Whiteflies were sampled in Kenya from key crops known to be severely infested and identified using 16S rRNA markers and complete mitochondrial genomes. Four whitefly species were identified: Aleyrodes proletella, Aleurodicus dispersus, Bemisia afer and Trialeurodesvaporariorum, the latter being the most dominant species across all the agroecology. The assembly of complete mitogenomes and comparative analysis of all 13 protein coding genes confirmed the identities of the four species. Furthermore, prediction spatial models indicated high climatic suitability of T. vaporariorum in Africa, Europe, Central America, parts of Southern America, parts of Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Consequently, our findings provide information to guide biosecurity agencies on protocols to be adopted for precise identification of pest whitefly species in Kenya to serve as an early warning tool against T. vaporariorum invasion into unaffected areas and guide appropriate decision-making on their management.
Rapid online assessment of reading ability
Authors: Yeatman Jason D. , Tang Kenny An , Donnelly Patrick M. , Yablonski Maya , Ramamurthy Mahalakshmi , Karipidis Iliana I. , Caffarra Sendy , Takada Megumi E. , Kanopka Klint , Ben-Shachar Michal , Domingue Benjamin W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn accurate model of the factors that contribute to individual differences in reading ability depends on data collection in large, diverse and representative samples of research participants. However, that is rarely feasible due to the constraints imposed by standardized measures of reading ability which require test administration by trained clinicians or researchers. Here we explore whether a simple, two-alternative forced choice, time limited lexical decision task (LDT), self-delivered through the web-browser, can serve as an accurate and reliable measure of reading ability. We found that performance on the LDT is highly correlated with scores on standardized measures of reading ability such as the Woodcock-Johnson Letter Word Identification test (r = 0.91, disattenuated r = 0.94). Importantly, the LDT reading ability measure is highly reliable (r = 0.97). After optimizing the list of words and pseudowords based on item response theory, we found that a short experiment with 76 trials (2–3 min) provides a reliable (r = 0.95) measure of reading ability. Thus, the self-administered, Rapid Online Assessment of Reading ability (ROAR) developed here overcomes the constraints of resource-intensive, in-person reading assessment, and provides an efficient and automated tool for effective online research into the mechanisms of reading (dis)ability.
Serum testosterone levels are positively associated with serum anti-mullerian hormone levels in infertile women
Authors: Lin Li-Te , Li Chia-Jung , Tsui Kuan-Hao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAnti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone (T) both play distinct roles in the early stages of folliculogenesis. However, the relationship between serum T and AMH levels is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum T and AMH levels in infertile women. A total of 1935 infertile women aged 20–46 years were included in the cross-sectional study and divided into four quartile groups (Q1 to Q4) based on serum T levels. Compared to the subjects in the highest T quartile (Q4), those in the lowest T quartile (Q1) showed significantly lower AMH levels. After adjustment for age, body weight, body mass index and FSH, increasing T quartile categories were associated with higher AMH levels. Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds for the risk of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) were 11.44-fold higher in Q1 than in Q4 and the odds for the risk of excess ovarian reserve (EOR) were 10.41-fold higher in Q4 than in Q1. Our data show that serum T levels are positively associated with serum AMH levels and suggest that androgen insufficiency may be a potential risk factor for DOR; androgen excess may lead to EOR in infertile women.
LASCA: loop and significant contact annotation pipeline
Authors: Luzhin Artem V. , Golov Arkadiy K. , Gavrilov Alexey A. , Velichko Artem K. , Ulianov Sergey V. , Razin Sergey V. , Kantidze Omar L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChromatin loops represent one of the major levels of hierarchical folding of the genome. Although the situation is evolving, current methods have various difficulties with the accurate mapping of loops even in mammalian Hi-C data, and most of them fail to identify chromatin loops in animal species with substantially different genome architecture. This paper presents the loop and significant contact annotation (LASCA) pipeline, which uses Weibull distribution-based modeling to effectively identify loops and enhancer–promoter interactions in Hi-C data from evolutionarily distant species: from yeast and worms to mammals. Available at:https://github.com/ArtemLuzhin/LASCA_pipeline.
Site engineering strategy toward enhanced luminescence thermostability of a Cr3+-doped broadband NIR phosphor and its application
Authors: Liu Shengqiang , Cai Hao , Zhang Shiyou , Song Zhen , Xia Zhiguo , Liu Quanlin 
Published: March 2021

We demonstrate an strategy for improving the luminescence thermostability by tuning site symmetry in the SrGa12O19–LaMgGa11O19:Cr3+ system. End-member SrGa12O19:Cr3+ with 45% EQE has potentials in high-power and efficient NIR pc-LED applications.
The Effectiveness of Verbal–Gestural Treatment on Verb Naming in Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation
Authors: Armour Michelle , del Toro Christina M. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of verbal–gestural treatment on verb production in patients with acute aphasia.

Method
Treatment was delivered during inpatient stay to four participants using a single-subject design.

Results
All patients demonstrated improvements in verbal expression. Some patients' improvements generalized to untrained verbs and nouns.

Conclusions
This study indicates verbal–gestural treatment can be an effective treatment model for acute aphasia in a hospital environment. Concurrent deficits resulting from stroke may impact the success with verbal–gestural treatment at this acute phase of recovery.
Vehicular task scheduling strategy with resource matching computing in cloud‐edge collaboration
Authors: Hu Fangyi , Lv Lingling , Zhang TongLiang , Shi Yanjun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn future transportation, on board unit (OBU) is a key component of connected vehicles with limited computing resources, and may not tackle the heavy computing burden from V2X networks. For these cases, we herein employ multi‐access edge cloud (MEC) and remote cloud to schedule the OBUs' tasks. This schedule tries to minimise the total completion time of all tasks and the number of computing units of the MEC server. We first introduce a multi‐objective optimisation model considering the tasks and cloud‐edge collaboration. Then, we propose a task scheduling strategy considering the resource matching degree for this model. In this strategy, we propose an improved hybrid genetic algorithm and employ the resource matching measure between the tasks and computing units in terms of computing, storage and network bandwidth resources to obtain better solutions for generations. The numerical results showed the effectiveness of our strategy.
Side channel attacks for architecture extraction of neural networks
Authors: Chabanne Hervé , Danger Jean‐Luc , Guiga Linda , Kühne Ulrich 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSide channel attacks (SCAs) on neural networks (NNs) are particularly efficient for retrieving secret information from NNs. We differentiate multiple types of threat scenarios regarding what kind of information is available before the attack and its purpose: recovering hyperparameters (the architecture) of the targeted NN, its weights (parameters), or its inputs. In this survey article, we consider the most relevant attacks to extract the architecture of CNNs. We also categorize SCAs, depending on access with respect to the victim: physical, local, or remote. Attacks targeting the architecture via local SCAs are most common. As of today, physical access seems necessary to retrieve the weights of an NN. We notably describe cache attacks, which are local SCAs aiming to extract the NN's underlying architecture. Few countermeasures have emerged; these are presented at the end of the survey.
Modelling and prediction of current harmonics generated by power converters in distribution networks
Authors: Moradi Arash , Yaghoobi Jalil , Alduraibi Abdulrahman , Zare Firuz , Kumar Dinesh , Sharma Rahul 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPredicting current harmonics in distribution networks is essential to find harmonic losses and power quality indices. In order to predict the current harmonics, the effect of grid impedance and voltage distortions on grid‐connected power converters need to be considered. The effects of these parameters on current harmonics can be nonlinear, which complicates the system analysis. Consequently, this paper investigates the impacts of background voltage harmonics, grid impedance, and multi‐parallel grid‐connected converters on current harmonics at a point of common coupling. Moreover, a novel method called combined least squares and kriging (CLSK) is proposed to predict the current harmonics after evaluating the level of system nonlinearity. In the proposed CLSK method, the prediction model is developed by measured voltage and current harmonics at the point of common coupling to identify and predict the current harmonics. This analysis shows that using the proposed CLSK method, the accuracy of the current harmonic prediction is increased compared to the existing methods. The accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed CLSK method are verified by lab experimental results and field measurement data.
Cross‐modal semantic correlation learning by Bi‐CNN network
Authors: Wang Chaoyi , Li Liang , Yan Chenggang , Wang Zhan , Sun Yaoqi , Zhang Jiyong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCross modal retrieval can retrieve images through a text query and vice versa. In recent years, cross modal retrieval has attracted extensive attention. The purpose of most now available cross modal retrieval methods is to find a common subspace and maximize the different modal correlation. To generate specific representations consistent with cross
modal tasks, this paper proposes a novel cross modal retrieval framework, which integrates feature learning and latent space embedding. In detail, we proposed a deep CNN and a shallow CNN to extract the feature of the samples. The deep CNN is used to extract the representation of images, and the shallow CNN uses a multi‐dimensional kernel to extract multi‐level semantic representation of text. Meanwhile, we enhance the semantic manifold by constructing cross modal ranking and within‐modal discriminant loss to improve the division of semantic representation. Moreover, the most representative samples are selected by using online sampling strategy, so that the approach can be implemented on a large‐scale data. This approach not only increases the discriminative ability among different categories, but also maximizes the relativity between different modalities. Experiments on three real word datasets show that the proposed method is superior to the popular methods.
New compact MIMO antenna for 5G, WiMAX and WLAN technologies with dual polarisation and element diversity
Authors: Oliveira João Guilherme D. , D’Assunção Junior Adaildo G. , Silva Neto Valdemir P. , D’Assunção Adaildo G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA new MIMO antenna configuration, with two different elements is proposed. The first element with a T‐shaped monopole is fed by a microstrip line and the second element is a square patch fed by electromagnetic coupling. The antenna configuration is used to provide good decoupling between the elements and to ensure antenna diversity. The antenna is designed to operate in the UWB 3.1–5.2 GHz lower‐band technology and also in the lower band of 5G technology at 3.5 GHz. The antenna design steps are presented and discussed. Simulation and design are performed using Ansoft HFSS software and the generalisation of the wave concept iterative procedure (WCIP) modified to account for the MIMO antenna structure analysis. A prototype is fabricated for comparison purposes and good agreement is observed between simulation and measurement results.