bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greater reductions in blood flow after anti-angiogenic treatment in non-small cell lung cancer patients are associated with shorter progression-free survival
Authors: Katayama Daisuke , Yanagawa Masahiro , Matsunaga Keiko , Watabe Hiroshi , Watabe Tadashi , Kato Hiroki , Kijima Takashi , Takeda Yoshito , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Shimosegawa Eku , Hatazawa Jun , Tomiyama Noriyuki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo evaluate tumor blood flow using 15O-water positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after chemotherapy with bevacizumab, and to investigate the effects of bevacizumab on tumor blood flow changes and progression-free survival (PFS). Twelve patients with NSCLC were enrolled. Six patients underwent chemotherapy with bevacizumab and the other six without bevacizumab. 15O-water dynamic PET scans were performed within 1 week before the start of chemotherapy and within 1 week after the first day of chemotherapy. Tumor blood flow was analyzed quantitatively using a single one-tissue compartment model with the correction of pulmonary circulation blood volume and arterial blood volume via an image-derived input function. In the bevacizumab group, mean tumor blood flow was statistically significantly reduced post-chemotherapy (pre-chemotherapy 0.27 ± 0.14 mL/cm3/min, post-chemotherapy 0.18 ± 0.12 mL/cm3/min). In the no bevacizumab group, there was no significant difference between mean tumor perfusion pre-chemotherapy (0.42 ± 0.42 mL/cm3/min) and post-chemotherapy (0.40 ± 0.27 mL/cm3/min). In the bevacizumab group, there was a positive correlation between the blood flow ratio (tumor blood flow post-chemotherapy/tumor blood flow pre-chemotherapy) and PFS (correlation coefficient 0.94). Mean tumor blood flow decreases after bevacizumab administration and was positively correlated with longer PFS.
Pressure- and temperature-dependent inelastic neutron scattering study of the phase transition and phonon lattice dynamics inpara-terphenyl
Authors: Cai Qingan , McIntire Michael , Daemen Luke L. , Li Chen , Chronister Eric L. 
Published: March 2021

Temperature and pressure dependent inelastic neutron scattering has been performed on para-terphenyl. The results suggest a lack of phase transition in the measured region and indicate the strong anharmonic phonon dynamics in para-terphenyl.
High-speed solid state fluorination of Nb2O5 yields NbO2F and Nb3O7F with photocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution from water
Authors: Lange Martin Alexander , Khan Ibrahim , Dören René , Ashraf Muhammad , Qurashi Ahsanulhaq , Prädel Leon , Panthöfer Martin , von der Au Marcus , Cossmer Antje , Pfeifer Jens , Meermann Björn , Mondeshki Mihail , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Tremel Wolfgang 
Published: March 2021

NbO2F and Nb3O7F were prepared by field-assisted chemistry from Nb2O5 and Teflon scrap in minutes, while chemistry requires days. NbO2F and Nb3O7F show high photocatalytic activity for water splitting, whereas the conventional products are inactive.
Maschinenperfusion in der Lebertransplantation – was ist möglich und wo stehen wir in Deutschland? Übersicht der Literatur und Ergebnisse einer nationalen Umfrage
Authors: Oldhafer Felix , Beetz Oliver , Cammann Sebastian , Richter Nicolas , Klempnauer Juergen , Vondran Florian W. R. 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Maschinenperfusion von Spenderlebern gilt als die aktuell wichtigste Neuerung in der Transplantationschirurgie, um dem anhaltenden Organmangel in der Lebertransplantation begegnen zu können. Die hypotherme Maschinenperfusion (HMP) ist sicher anzuwenden und scheint auch nach einer vorangegangenen kalten Ischämiephase bei Spendern mit einem Herzstillstand das Risiko für Gallenwegskomplikationen zur verringern sowie das Langzeitüberleben der Empfänger zu verbessern. Ein potenzieller Funktionstest der Spenderorgane während der HMP über die Bestimmung von Flavinmononukleotid befindet sich jedoch derzeit noch in klinischer Erprobung. Die normotherme Maschinenperfusion (NMP) hat ein höheres Risiko für technische Probleme, jedoch ermöglicht die Funktionstestung anhand konventioneller Laborparameter während der NMP eine deutliche Erweiterung des Spenderpools, wenngleich aktuell keine prospektive randomisierte Studie einen Überlebensvorteil für transplantierte Organe nach NMP aufzeigen konnte. Darüber hinaus lässt sich die Konservierungszeit der Spenderorgane mithilfe der NMP signifikant verlängern, was vor allem bei komplexen Empfängeroperationen und/oder aufwendiger Logistik vorteilhaft ist. Beide Methoden könnten für verschiedene Szenarien in der Transplantationsmedizin – theoretisch auch kombiniert – angewandt werden. Die Mehrheit der deutschen Transplantationszentren sieht in der Maschinenperfusion eine wichtige Innovation und führt bereits aktiv Perfusionen durch oder befindet sich in einer entsprechenden Vorbereitung hierauf. Die praktische Erfahrung in Deutschland ist insgesamt jedoch noch relativ gering: bei nur 2 Zentren, die mehr als 20 Perfusionen durchgeführt haben. In den kommenden Jahren sind daher multizentrische Anstrengungen zur Durchführung von klinischen Studien sowie der Erarbeitung von nationalen Leitlinien zur Maschinenperfusion unabdingbar, um das Potenzial dieser technologischen Entwicklungen fundiert definieren und für das Feld der Transplantationsmedizin optimal ausschöpfen zu können.
Avoidance of iodine deficiency/excess during pregnancy in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: van Heek Lutz , Staudacher Christiane , Faust Michael , Chiapponi Costanza , Mettler Jasmin , Schmidt Matthias , Drzezga Alexander , Dietlein Markus , Kobe Carsten 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a common disease that also affects pregnant women. We analyzed to what extent the inflammatory process of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis changes with iodine prophylaxis in pregnant women. The target for immunologic activity was levels of thyroid antibodies (TPO).
Methods The data were collected retrospectively from 20 consecutive, pregnant patients who had been diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis between 01.12.2012 and 01.12.2014 and had received iodine supplementation with 100 µg (n = 1) or 150 µg (n = 19). At least two measurements of TPO antibody levels taken during pregnancy and one after pregnancy were evaluated for each patient in the study group.
Results At the end of pregnancy, the average TPO antibody level for the 20 patients studied was 137 IU/ml (+/–214 IU/ml), the lowest being 16 IU/ml and the highest 1000 IU/ml. Despite iodine prophylaxis, levels of TPO antibodies decreased in 18 patients during pregnancy, falling below the reference value of 35 IU/ml in 5 cases. However, in one patient TPO antibodies increased from 60 IU/ml to 237 IU/ml during pregnancy while in another, levels remained constant at 1000 IU/ml.
Conclusion Iodine prophylaxis in pregnant women, taken at a dose of 100 or 150 μg daily was shown to have no negative systemic effects on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in a group of pregnant women with increased TPO levels, and can therefore be recommended for expectant mothers, including those with this disease.
Hereditäre hämorrhagische Teleangiektasie: Symptome und diagnostische Latenz
Authors: Droege Freya , Kuerten Cornelius H. L. , Kaiser Christina , Dingemann Julia , Kaster Friederike , Dahlfrancis Philipp Marius , Lueb Carolin , Zioga Eleni , Thangavelu Kruthika , Lang Stephan , Geisthoff Urban 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Patienten mit hereditärer hämorrhagischer Teleangiektasie (HHT) leiden unter einer systemischen Erkrankung des Gefäßbindegewebes, bei der eine Vielzahl verschiedener Symptome auftritt.
Material und Methoden Die Daten aller Patienten, die sich von April 2014 bis August 2019 im Westdeutschen Morbus-Osler-Zentrum vorstellten, wurden in einer retrospektiven Studie analysiert.
Ergebnisse Bei 235 Patienten konnte die Diagnose HHT als definitiv (235/282; 83 %) und bei 26 als möglich gestellt werden (26/282; 9 %). Die mittlere diagnostische Latenz zwischen Erstsymptomen und Diagnose betrug 18 Jahre. Direkte oder indirekte Blutungszeichen wurden oft als erste Symptome der Erkrankung HHT genannt (224/241; 93 %). 83 % der Patienten mit einem Grad der Behinderung gaben HHT als Hauptursache an. Insbesondere ältere, weibliche Patienten bzw. Patienten mit starker Epistaxis litten an einer chronischen Eisenmangelanämie (Eisensubstitution:148/261; 57 %; Erythrozytenkonzentrate: Mittelwert: 9 ± Standardabweichung: 41, Minimum – Maximum: 0–400, Anzahl der Patienten: 218). 10 % erhielten eine Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung oder Antikoagulation und tolerierten diese. 74 % der Patienten mit HHT pflegten ihre Nasenschleimhaut (177/238) und zeigten weniger Blutungen als Patienten ohne Nasenpflege (ESS: t-Test: 3,193; p = 0,003; Anämie: Chi-Quadrat: 5,173; p = 0,023).
Schlussfolgerungen Die Diagnoselatenz der Erkrankung HHT betrug knapp 2 Jahrzehnte. Patienten mit HHT leiden insbesondere an rezidivierenden Blutungen, die dabei meistindizierte Behandlung der ersten Wahl ist eine konsequente Nasenpflege und verschiedene koagulative Therapieoptionen. Bei Begleiterkrankungen mit Indikation zur Gerinnungshemmung lohnt es sich meist, deren Einsatz zu versuchen.
Collateral Formation from Left Lateral Thoracic Artery to the Adamkiewicz Artery
Authors: Fukui Toshihiro , Takaki Jun , Okamoto Ken 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA 68-year-old man who had undergone descending thoracic aortic replacement was referred to our hospital with a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. During the original surgery, the Adamkiewicz artery was directly reconstructed. However, multidetector row computed tomography showed occlusion of the reconstructed artery at its orifice, with supply by a collateral vessel from the left lateral thoracic artery. With careful incision to avoid damage to the collateral vessel, no postoperative neurological deficit was observed.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Trial of Individualized Homeopathic Medicines for Cutaneous Warts
Authors: Dey Samit , Hashmi Shifa , Saha Sangita , Mandal Mahakas , Shaikh Abdur Rahaman , Agrawal Ekta , Ghosh Priyanka , Sehrawat Nisha , Koley Munmun , Saha Subhranil 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground Though frequently used in practice, research studies have shown inconclusive benefits of homeopathy in the treatment of warts. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a future definitive trial, with preliminary assessment of differences between effects of individualized homeopathic (IH) medicines and placebos in treatment of cutaneous warts.Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (n = 60) was conducted at the dermatology outpatient department of D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal. Patients were randomized to receive either IH (n = 30) or identical-looking placebo (n = 30). Primary outcome measures were numbers and sizes of the warts; secondary outcome was the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire measured at baseline, and every month up to 3 months. Group differences and effect sizes were calculated on the intention-to-treat sample.Results Attrition rate was 11.6% (IH, 3; placebo, 4). Intra-group changes were significantly greater (all p < 0.05, Friedman tests) in IH than placebo. Inter-group differences were statistically non-significant (all p > 0.05, Mann-Whitney U tests) with small effect sizes—both in the primary outcomes (number of warts after 3 months: IH median [inter-quartile range; IQR] 1 [1, 3] vs. placebo 1 [1, 2]; p = 0.741; size of warts after 3 months: IH 5.6 mm [2.6, 40.2] vs. placebo 6.3 [0.8, 16.7]; p = 0.515) and in the secondary outcomes (DLQI total after 3 months: IH 4.5 [2, 6.2] vs. placebo 4.5 [2.5, 8]; p = 0.935). Thuja occidentalis (28.3%), Natrum muriaticum (10%) and Sulphur (8.3%) were the most frequently prescribed medicines. No harms, homeopathic aggravations, or serious adverse events were reported.Conclusion As regards efficacy, the preliminary study was inconclusive, with a statistically non-significant direction of effect favoring homeopathy. The trial succeeded in showing that an adequately powered definitive trial is both feasible and warranted.Trial Registration CTRI/2019/10/021659; UTN: U1111–1241–7340
Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Colorectal Cancer from a Hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Rohenkohl Cecilia Albertoni , Pastorello Julia , Costa Natália Rodrigues , Zabot Gilmara Pandolfo , Cassol Ornella Sari 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective The present study describes the epidemiological profile of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from the Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2016.
Method Retrospective analysis of secondary data of 1,001 patients from the Hospital Cancer Registry.
Results Most subjects were Caucasian males, with a mean age of 63.68 years old. The majority of patients had incomplete elementary education and were married. In addition, 44.5% of the patients had a family history of cancer. Most subjects with a positive past or current history of alcohol intake or smoking were male. The diagnosis was mostly based on anatomopathological findings, with a predominance of adenocarcinomas and upper rectum and distal colon localization. Most lesions were in advanced stages, and the liver was the most common site for metastasis. The predominant treatment was surgery with neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy. After the first treatment, 49.0% of the patients reported complete remission. The survival rate was 78.8% in 10 months.
Conclusion The present research analyzed the profile of CRC patients.
Evaluation of an Enteral Clonidine Taper following Prolonged Dexmedetomidine Exposure in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Crabtree Mara F. , Sargel Cheryl L. , Cloyd Colleen P. , Tobias Joseph D. , Abdel-Rasoul Mahmoud , Thompson R Zachary 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of the current study is to evaluate the use of an enteral clonidine transition for the prevention or management of dexmedetomidine withdrawal symptoms in critically ill children not exposed to other continuous infusion sedative agents. A retrospective, single-center study was conducted in patients ≤ 18 years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit who received a continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine for ≥ 24 hours and who were prescribed enteral clonidine within 72 hours of dexmedetomidine discontinuation. Predefined withdrawal terminology was established to assess for hypertension, tachycardia, agitation, tremors, and decreased sleep. A total of 105 patients were included and received enteral clonidine for prevention or management of dexmedetomidine withdrawal symptoms, with 13 patients (12.4%) requiring a taper modification to manage withdrawal symptoms. The median duration of dexmedetomidine infusion was 120.5 hours (95.5, 143.5) and median peak infusion rate was 1 µg/kg/h (1, 1.2). A higher cumulative dexmedetomidine dose of 119.2 µg/kg (96.6, 154.9) and duration of 142.9 hours (122.6, 158.3) were noted in patients who required a taper modification. Risk factors for dexmedetomidine withdrawal such as dexmedetomidine duration and cumulative dose may help predict patients at the highest risk of withdrawal that would benefit from an enteral clonidine taper to prevent dexmedetomidine withdrawal symptoms. An enteral clonidine taper can be effective in the prevention and management of dexmedetomidine withdrawal symptoms.
Simplifying the Volar Distraction Osteotomy for Distal Radius Malunion Repair
Authors: Robinson Luke P. , Usmani Rashad H. , Fehrenbacher Victor , Protzer Lauren 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Extra-articular fractures of the distal radius are often treated with a trial of nonoperative management if radiographic parameters are within an acceptable range, especially in the elderly population. Unfortunately, some malunions become symptomatic or become grossly misaligned during nonoperative management which require corrective surgery to restore the normal osseous anatomy and restore function.
Description of Technique We describe correction of a distal radius malunion utilizing a distraction-type volar osteotomy, a volar plate specific distraction device, and a novel resorbable calcium phosphate bone cement (Trabexus) designed to withstand compressive loads.
Patients and Methods Twelve patients with 13 distal radius fractures were included in this study. The average patient age was 60.9 years and average time from injury to corrective osteotomy was 96.3 days. Radiographic measures (radial inclination, volar tilt, and ulnar variance) and clinical assessment (wrist/forearm range of motion and grip strength) were done pre- and postoperatively and compared.
Results The average time from corrective surgical osteotomy to final clinical follow-up was 375.8 days. After surgical intervention, there was a statistically significant improvement in mean volar tilt (−19.8 vs. +0.5 degrees) and mean ulnar variance (+2.8 vs. −0.4 mm). Improvements were also seen in grip strength (1.7 vs. 43.6 lb), wrist flexion (30.5 vs. 48.3 degrees), wrist extension (33.3 vs. 53.8 degrees), forearm pronation (75.0 vs. 88.8 degrees), and forearm supination (53.8 vs. 81.3 degrees). On average, 56.0% of Trabexus bone substitute remained on final clinical radiographs.
Conclusion This simplified technique of distraction corrective osteotomy after distal radius malunion results in improved clinical and radiographic outcomes for patients.
Effective Treatment of Simultaneous Distal Radius and Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: Blackburn Julia , Johnson Nick , Pocnetz Sasa , Lindau Tommy R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background There is an increasing trend for most surgeons to choose open reduction and internal fixation of simultaneous distal radius and scaphoid fractures; however, it is not clear if there is any evidence to support this.
Case Description The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the evidence for management of simultaneous distal radius and scaphoid fractures.
Literature Review We performed searches of the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases (CRD42020167403). We included a total of 20 studies, involving 178 patients with 182 simultaneous fractures of the distal radius and scaphoid. The distal radius fractures were mostly intra-articular (112/182). The scaphoid fractures were mostly undisplaced (120/148) and at the scaphoid waist (152/178). All distal radius fractures went on to unite, and just 2 of 182 scaphoid fractures went on to nonunion. All included studies were retrospective case series, and therefore all were found to have a critical risk of bias due to confounding. The union rate for both the distal radius and scaphoid fractures is high with both operative and nonoperative treatments.
Clinical Relevance Although there are no comparative studies to evaluate the most effective treatment, there is evidence to support operative management.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, systematic review study.
The Critical Size of Ulnar Styloid Fragment for the DRUJ Stability
Authors: Maniglio Mauro , Park Il Jung , Zumstein Matthias , Kuenzler Michael , McGarry Michelle H. , Lee Thay Q. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Ulnar styloid fractures can be associated with clinically significant instability of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). However, the exact fragment size that results in DRUJ instability is unknown.
Purpose The objective of this study was to determine the critical size of an ulnar styloid fracture that would result in a significant increase in DRUJ translation and forearm rotation.
Methods Eight cadaveric specimens were used to investigate the effects of three different ulnar styloid fracture sizes on DRUJ instability: tip fracture, base fracture, and a fracture including the fovea. Forearm rotation and dorsopalmar DRUJ translation were measured after each sequential increase in fracture size.
Results Relative to the uninjured state, a significant increase in forearm rotation and dorsopalmar translation was found for all three fractures. However, the fovea fracture showed a statistically significant increase in forearm rotation compared with all other fracture types and a statistically significant increase in total dorsopalmar translation compared with the tip fracture.
Conclusion In this study, ulnar styloid fractures involving the fovea resulted in significantly greater DRUJ instability comparted to tip and base fractures alone. This study provides important biomechanical data regarding the critical size of ulnar styloid fractures that result in DRUJ instability and may aid in the surgical decision-making algorithm in these patients.
Synovial Chondromatosis of the Midcarpal Joint: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature
Authors: PosthumaDeBoer Jantine , Torrekens Marieke , Nuffel Maarten Van 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective Synovial chondromatosis is a rare benign proliferative disorder of synovium characterized by the formation of cartilaginous bodies in a joint. The condition typically affects one single large joint. The development of synovial chondromatosis in the joints of hand and wrist is extremely rare.
Case description In this report, we present a case of synovial chondromatosis arising from the midcarpal joint and the arthroscopic treatment thereof.
Literature review Owing to its rarity, literature on synovial chondromatosis occurring in the hand and wrist is extremely limited. To our knowledge, no report has been published describing the arthroscopic treatment of an isolated synovial chondromatosis of the midcarpal joint.
Clinical relevance As synovial chondromatosis of the hand and wrist is extremely rare, and clinical and radiological findings can be nonspecific, the diagnosis might be overlooked initially. The condition does, however, require surgical treatment and thorough follow-up. Thus, awareness of this possible diagnosis among treating physicians is important.
Vascularized Bone Grafting for the Treatment of Capitate Avascular Necrosis
Authors: Quintero Jorge I. , Herrand Maria C. , Moreno Rodrigo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAvascular necrosis (AVN) of the capitate bone is a rare condition and it can be related to major trauma or idiopathy. Different treatments are available including soft tissue interposition and intercarpal arthrodesis including lunocapitate, scaphocapitate, four corner, and carpometacarpal fusions. Other surgical options are resection of the proximal pole and revascularization procedures. The main purpose of this article is to present two cases of AVN of the capitate treated with a revascularization procedure using the 4th–5th extensor compartment artery (4th–5th ECA). Two female patients with capitate AVN are reported with an average age of 30.5 years. Both cases were classified as type-I according to Milliez classification. The major complaint in each case was wrist pain that increased during activity. In both cases there was no history of trauma, smoking, diabetes, or hematologic diseases. Both patients had a diminished range of motion, grip, and strength. The definitive diagnosis was made with magnetic resonance imaging. Both patients underwent treatment revascularization of the capitate using a vascularized bone graft based on the 4th–5th ECA. At average follow-up of 12 months, each patient had improved with regards to pain and had increased grip strength. The literature does not describe a specific algorithm treatment for capitate AVN. We recommend revascularization of the capitate using the 4th–5th ECA in type-I Milliez classification in young patients without signs of carpal collapse.