bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customer co-creation, COVID-19 and sustainable service outcomes
Authors: Sharma Priyanka 
Published: January 2021

PurposeMany changes that call for concerted social action were observed in society and business performance during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. The impact of digitization and customer participation was evident in providing medical guidelines, updates on government initiatives, education or the supply of essential services during lockdown in many countries. However, there were aberrations. The purpose of this study is to explore some consumers and firms' being better equipped for service co-creation than others, specifically during a pandemic; the different degrees of service co-creation and the possible outcomes of customer participation in the service context.Design/methodology/approachQualitative study with 35 in-depth interviews of supply- and demand-side actors, with coding and analysis of interview transcripts was conducted.FindingsThe authors identify two levels of service co-creation: (1) service co-development and (2) service co-evaluation that are affected by customer capabilities and firm/institutional barriers. The outcome of service co-creation lies in the social, economic and experiential values thus created. A pandemic strengthens the effect of antecedents (customer capabilities and firm capabilities) on the co-creation process.Practical implicationsManagers can refer to the findings to manage customer engagements and co-creations effectively, especially during a pandemic.Originality/valueThe impact of the pandemic on the service co-creation process in an emerging market, and the antecedents (firm- and customer-side) and consequences (mutual value outcomes) of service co-creation and actor participation are explored.
Exploring “gothic tourism”: a new form of urban tourism?
Authors: Light Duncan , Richards Steven , Ivanova Preslava 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
The concept of “Gothic tourism” has recently been proposed within the discipline of English Literature. Such tourism is claimed to be a distinct form of special interest tourism grounded in familiarity with the Gothic, distinctive aesthetics, and experiences of frights and scares. It is increasingly common in towns and cities around the world. This paper aims to examine and critique the concept of Gothic tourism, and consider its similarities with existing forms of urban tourism.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual paper and no empirical data are presented.

Findings
Gothic tourism is not as clearly differentiated from other forms of tourism as has been claimed. In particular, Gothic tourism can be conceptualised as a particular form of “lighter” dark tourism, but it can also be considered as a form of literary tourism. A conceptual model is presented which places Gothic tourism at the nexus of dark and literary tourism.

Research limitations/implications
This study is a conceptual exploration of Gothic tourism. Further empirical research is required to test the ideas presented in this paper at established Gothic tourism attractions.

Originality/value
This study examines the recently proposed (but little-researched) concept of Gothic tourism and considers its relationships with other forms of special interest tourism. It also illustrates the broader issue of how typologies of special interest tourism do not necessarily correspond with the motives and experiences of tourists themselves, or of the providers of tourist experiences.
Developing and validating the components of Maqasid al-Shari’ah-based performance measurement model for Islamic banks
Authors: Tarique Kazi Md , Islam Rafikul , Mohammed Mustafa Omar 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop and subsequently validate a Maqasid al-Shari’ah-based performance evaluation model for Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach
Initially, a comprehensive review of the existing and relevant literature is carried out and a prototype evaluation model has been developed. This has been augmented and refined through in-depth interviews of Shari’ah scholars and banking experts. Afterwards, the modified model has been validated by taking inputs from academics and Islamic banking practitioners through a focus group discussion.

Findings
The major outcome of the present work is a Maqasid al-Shari’ah-based performance evaluation model for Islamic banks. At the inception of the work, the Maqasid frameworks of Imam al-Ghazali and Abu Zahrah were combined. The combined model incorporates various dimensions, elements and the corresponding measures of three components, namely, justice, education and maslahah.

Research limitations/implications
Not being able to test the model statistically or empirically can be considered as a limitation.

Practical implications
The comprehensive theoretical framework of the developed model addresses all aspects of human well-being. Thus, if implemented the model will ensure welfare for all the stakeholders. It will also encourage the regulators to introduce new reporting standards which will be more reflective of Maqasid al-Shari’ah.

Social implications
Fulfilling Maqasid will create a positive brand image for Islamic banks, which will attract more customers both Muslims and non-Muslims. Thus, this will create a wider scope for earning more revenues.

Originality/value
There has been concern that Islamic banks are converging towards conventional banking systems and the same performance measure instrument is being used to evaluate the performance of both Islamic and conventional banks. The present work has developed a Maqasid al-Shari’ah-based performance evaluation model for Islamic banks.
Integrating fuzzy case-based reasoning, parametric and feature-based cost estimation methods for machining process
Authors: Kasie Fentahun Moges , Bright Glen 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to propose an intelligent system that serves as a cost estimator when new part orders are received from customers.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodologies applied in this study were case-based reasoning (CBR), analytic hierarchy process, rule-based reasoning and fuzzy set theory for case retrieval. The retrieved cases were revised using parametric and feature-based cost estimation techniques. Cases were represented using an object-oriented (OO) approach to characterize them in n-dimensional Euclidean vector space.

Findings
The proposed cost estimator retrieves historical cases that have the most similar cost estimates to the current new orders. Further, it revises the retrieved cost estimates based on attribute differences between new and retrieved cases using parametric and feature-based cost estimation techniques.

Research limitations/implications
The proposed system was illustrated using a numerical example by considering different lathe machine operations in a computer-based laboratory environment; however, its applicability was not validated in industrial situations.

Originality/value
Different intelligent methods were proposed in the past; however, the combination of fuzzy CBR, parametric and feature-oriented methods was not addressed in product cost estimation problems.
Asymmetric responses of resource use efficiency to previous‐year precipitation in a semi‐arid grassland
Authors: Han Juanjuan , Chen Jiquan , Shi Weiyu , Song Jian , Hui Dafeng , Ru Jingyi , Wan Shiqiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Intensified inter‐annual fluctuations in precipitation could profoundly impact terrestrial ecosystems. However, how changes in previous‐year precipitation influence current ecosystem functioning (e.g. resource use efficiency) in semi‐arid regions remains unclear.

In this study, water use efficiency (WUE) and light use efficiency (LUE) were investigated in a multi‐year precipitation gradient experiment with seven treatment levels: 20%, 40% and 60% decreases and 20%, 40% and 60% increases in the amount of natural rainfall plus ambient precipitation. Plots receiving 60% less precipitation were representative of extreme dry years, whereas the other treatment levels fell within the normal year‐to‐year range in precipitation change. Measurements made in both the post‐treatment period (2013–2015) and the treatment period (2010–2012) provided an opportunity to quantify the legacy effects of precipitation on resource use efficiency (RUE).

Sensitivities of LUE to previous‐year precipitation were not changed among treatments in 2013. However, asymmetric responses of RUEs (i.e. WUE and LUE) to previous‐year precipitation were found in 2014–2015. WUE2014, WUE2015, LUE2014 and LUE2015 responded more strongly to previous normal decreased than increased precipitation. Importantly, they were more sensitive to previous extreme dry year (represented by 60% precipitation reduction) than normal wet year (represented by 60% precipitation increment). Above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP) rather than resource absorption (Ruptake) drove these asymmetric responses of RUE, and biomass of grasses further explained the asymmetric responses of ANPP.

This study reveals the nonlinear responses of RUE to previous‐year precipitation and highlights that the legacy effects of precipitation on RUE can be ascribed to the changes in vegetation composition. Our findings can facilitate the prediction of the legacy effects of precipitation variation on grassland ecosystem functions in the future.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Biological Flora of the British Isles: Crataegus laevigata
Authors: Thomas Peter A. , Leski Tomasz , La Porta Nicola , Dering Monika , Iszkuło Grzegorz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC (Midland hawthorn) (C. oxyacanthoides Thuill.) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation.

Crataegus laevigata is primarily a shade‐tolerant shrub or small tree up to 12‐m tall of ancient woodlands (of which it is an indicator plant) and occasionally old hedges, usually on heavy clay soils and avoiding limestone and chalk. It is native to central and northern Europe and in the British Isles is native to southeast England, occurring naturally up to the Midlands, hence the common name. It is largely absent naturally from Scotland, Wales and Ireland.

Flowers usually have two styles, varying from (rarely) 1 to 5 with an equal number of pyrenes in the fruit, differentiating it from C. monogyna with usually one style and pyrene. Pollination is by insects and fruit are dispersed primarily by birds. Fruit has traditionally been used for food, and with the leaves and flowers have a long tradition in herbal medicine.

Disturbance and fragmentation have allowed C. monogyna to permeate into old woodlands and hybridise with C. laevigata. These two species are inter‐fertile and barriers to hybridisation are primarily spatial separation thus allowing extensive introgression such that in many parts of Europe, pure C. laevigata is becoming scarce.
Development, reliability, and validity of the Sensory Adventure Measure
Authors: Liberman Lihi , Sevillia Meital , Shaviv Yarden , Bart Orit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionSensory modulation refers to a condition in which an individual's behavioural responses to sensory stimuli do not correspond to the nature or intensity of the stimuli. Sensory modulation affects children's participation in everyday activities and their well‐being. The most common assessments used are caregiver questionnaires. Our aim is twofold; first to develop a clinical evaluative measure, the Sensory Adventure Measure (SAM), for directly assessing sensory modulation in children via therapists and children's self‐report, second, we aim to establish its reliability and validity.MethodsThe study sample comprised 87 children ranging in age from 4 to 6 years and 11 months old divided into two groups: study group included 63 children with mild developmental disabilities and the control group included 24 typically developed children. The SAM's internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and inter‐rater reliability were examined. In addition, criterion validity was established using the total score of the Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and construct validity was established by known group differences.ResultsThe SAM exhibited good internal consistency (α = 0.83, 0.85) and moderate to very good test–retest reliability (r = 0.96, 0.98, 0.75). Inter‐rater reliability was strong (r = 0.80–0.83). Moderate correlation was found between the SAM Therapist Rating of Magnitude total score and the total score of the SSP and significant differences were found in the SAM scores between groups thus establishing validity.ConclusionsThe SAM demonstrated good psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid measure to assess sensory modulation among children aged 4 to 6 years. The SAM can be used by therapists to assess sensory modulation disorder based on observed responses to sensory stimuli and the child's self‐report. The SAM contributes additional perspective to the evaluation process of sensory modulation disorder.
Patterns and predictors of reading comprehension growth in first and second language readers
Authors: Raudszus Henriette , Segers Eliane , Verhoeven Ludo 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe present study examined patterns and predictors of reading comprehension growth in first language (L1) and second language (L2) readers in the upper grades of primary school. Previous research suggests that L1 and L2 readers differ in their growth trajectories and that differences in language proficiency play a role in this. However, how predictors at different levels of processing influence growth has not been investigated. In particular, the role of unification skills such as syntactic integration and the ability to form a situation model of a text is under‐investigated.MethodIn a longitudinal study, 63 L1 Dutch and 109 L2 Dutch readers were followed from fourth to sixth grade (mean ages 10 to 13 years). L2 children had a variety of language backgrounds. In Grades 4–6, reading comprehension was assessed. In Grade 4, participants were also assessed on cognitive ability (nonverbal reasoning and working memory), decoding, vocabulary, and unification skills (syntax and situation model building ability). Patterns and predictors of growth were investigated by means of mixed‐effects modelling.ResultsReading comprehension growth was predicted by vocabulary and decoding, such that participants with lower decoding or vocabulary scores made more reading comprehension gains. L1 and L2 readers with high vocabulary scores did not differ in their reading comprehension growth. L2 readers with low vocabulary made less reading comprehension gains than L1 readers with low vocabulary. Unification skills predicted initial reading comprehension but not growth.ConclusionsFindings suggest that linguistic skills above the word level predict initial reading comprehension but not growth. Children with lower initial literacy skills caught up on reading comprehension, but this was less true for L2 children. L2 children with high vocabulary, however, did not differ from their L1 peers.
Months of May: Mental health presentations and the impact of a psychiatric emergency care centre on an inner‐city emergency department
Authors: Huber Jacqueline P , Wilhelm Kay , Landstra Jodie MB 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe impact of psychiatric emergency care centres (PECCs) on ED mental health (MH) presentations has not been presented. We aim to compare demographics, diagnosis and admission frequency of patients presenting to an inner‐city ED with MH complaints, before and for several years after the opening of a PECC.MethodsWe collected ED patient data for the first 200 ‘mental health’ presentations during the month of May in 2005–2007, and 2015–2017. Data included demographics, diagnosis, post‐ED disposition, length of stay in ED, use of the Mental Health Act, and the presence of expressed suicidality and psychotic disorders.ResultsThe days to reach 200 MH presentations decreased from 43 days in 2005 to 17 days in 2017. The mean length of ED stay approximately halved with PECC's introduction, with 20% of patients being admitted to PECC. Prior to PECC, 75% of suicidal patients were discharged from ED; after the opening of PECC, 84% of patients expressing suicidality were admitted to PECC; and 73% of patients admitted with psychotic symptoms went to the acute psychiatric ward.ConclusionsBetween 2005 and 2017, MH presentations to ED became significantly more frequent. The opening of PECC reduced length of stay in ED and provided an admission trajectory for patients expressing suicidality, while retaining the pathway to the acute psychiatric ward for those patients presenting with psychosis.
Codex in Motion: Food Safety Standard Setting and Impacts on Developing Countries’ Agricultural Exports
Authors: Wieck Christine , Grant Jason H. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe Codex Alimentarius, or ‘food code’, was established to set international standards to ensure the safety and quality of food and agricultural products while at the same time creating a level playing field for international trade. However, less is known about the duration of the standards setting process in the Codex committees, and the extent to which trade is impacted when standards are delayed versus cases in which the adoption of standards was accelerated. This article reviews and evaluates three case studies in which Codex standards were rapidly adopted: Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) levels in cinnamon; melamine standards for milk and powder; and Codex guidance procedures in the case of melons. Two recent cases in which Codex standards have been held up are also considered: maximum levels of aflatoxins in ready‐to‐eat peanuts; and cadmium in chocolate. We find evidence that accelerated adoption of Codex standards is an important catalyst facilitating exports by some developing countries. Delays and non‐adoption of Codex standards, on the other hand, can lead to significant export underperformance in certain countries and regions. Thus, Codex members would do well to reflect on the positive trade flow benefits that can be realised among developing countries who depend on international standards for export earnings.
Pilfering of western juniper seed caches by scatter‐hoarding rodents varies by microsite and canopy type
Authors: DIMITRI Lindsay A. , LONGLAND William S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractScatter‐hoarding rodents store seeds throughout their home ranges in superficially buried caches which, unlike seeds larder‐hoarded in burrows, are difficult to defend. Cached seeds are often pilfered by other scatter‐hoarders and either re‐cached, eaten or larder‐hoarded. Such seed movements can influence seedling recruitment, because only seeds remaining in caches are likely to germinate. Although the importance of scatter‐hoarding rodents in the dispersal of western juniper seeds has recently been revealed, the level of pilfering that occurs after initial burial is unknown. Seed traits, soil moisture, and substrate can influence pilfering processes, but less is known about how pilfering varies among caches placed in open versus canopy microsites, or how cache discovery and removal varies among different canopy‐types, tree versus shrub. We compared the removal of artificial caches between open and canopy microsites and between tree and shrub canopies at two sites in northeastern California during late spring and fall. We also used trail cameras at one site to monitor artificial cache removal, identify potential pilferers, and illuminate microsite use by scatter‐hoarders. Removal of artificial caches was faster in open microsites at both sites during both seasons, and more caches were removed from shrub than tree canopies. California kangaroo rats were the species observed most on cameras, foraging most often in open microsites, which could explain the observed pilfering patterns. This is the first study to document pilfering of western juniper seeds, providing further evidence of the importance of scatter‐hoarding rodent foraging behavior in understanding seedling recruitment processes in juniper woodlands.
Influence of non‐phosphate and low‐sodium salt marination in combination with tumbling process on properties of chicken breast meat affected by white striping abnormality
Authors: U‐Chupaj Juthawut , Malila Yuwares , Gozzi Giorgia , Vannini Lucia , Dellarosa Nicolò , Laghi Luca , Petracci Massimiliano , Benjakul Soottawat , Visessanguan Wonnop 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of non‐phosphate and low‐sodium (NPLS) marination on properties of white striping chicken breasts (WSCB). Chicken breasts were collected from slaughterhouse and classified as normal (NCB, n = 24) and severe WS (WSCB, n = 120). Sixty WSCB samples were vacuum‐tumbled (30 min, 2 °C) with NPLS solution, containing 2.8% (w/v) potassium bicarbonate, 2.9% (w/v) potassium chloride, and 1.5% (w/v) sorbitol at the ratio of meat‐to‐marinade of 4 to 1 (w/w). The other 60 WSCB received no marination were assigned as nonmarinated WSCB. Properties of marinated (n = 12) and nonmarinated (n = 12) WSCB samples were determined at 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of the storage at 4 °C. Properties of the NCB were also determined on day 0. Concerning day 0, the marinated WSCB exhibited higher (p < 0.05) pH, moisture content, total cooked yield, protein solubility, hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness along with lower (p < 0.05) cooked loss, expressible water, and shear force than those of nonmarinated WSCB and NCB. Based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, bound, intra‐myofibrillar, and extra‐myofibrillar water of cooked marinated WSCB were greater (p < 0.05) than those of cooked nonmarinated WSCB. The greater (p < 0.05) weight loss, moisture content, and total cooking yield were observed in marinated samples compared to those of nonmarinated WSCB throughout the storage period. Although microbial stability was reduced (p < 0.05), no difference (p ≥ 0.05) in lipid oxidation was detected between the treatments. The findings suggest the NPLS marination as a promising process for improving water holding capacity of the WSCB.Practical ApplicationThis study presents the promising application of non‐phosphate, low‐sodium (NPLS) marination combined with vacuum‐tumbling in improving water holding capacity of chicken breast meat affected with white striping condition. Although microbial stability of the marinated breast was negatively affected, no adverse impacts on lipid oxidation was observed during storage up to 14 days.