bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cross-sectional Study on the Levels of Psychological Flexibility among Individuals Diagnosed with Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Bijulakshmi P. , Kumar V. Veera Balaji 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Anxiety disorders are the most frequent of all psychiatric disorders and can affect a person’s functioning. It has been found that the prevalence of anxiety disorders has increased in the past decade. Hence, it has become essential to find the factors that influence the levels of anxiety in those persons suffering from anxiety disorders. Psychological flexibility is emerging as a concept that defines how people handle various life situations, and there is growing evidence that the severity of anxiety is influenced by levels of psychological flexibility in an individual. This study hopes to find the relationship between the levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility and persons diagnosed with any anxiety disorder.

Methodology:
This study was conducted among 80 people between the ages of 18 and 30 years, who were diagnosed with any type of anxiety disorder for the first time. Scales were used to assess the levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility. Statistical analysis was done to find if there was a significant relationship between levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility.

Results and Conclusion:
The results indicate that there are no gender differences in the levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility. The results show that there exists a negative linear relationship between levels of psychological flexibility and anxiety in those people diagnosed with anxiety disorders.
A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Electroconvulsive Therapy and Ketamine in Persons Suffering from Treatment-resistant Depressive Disorder
Authors: Ramasubramanian Vikhram , Mathumathi S. , Thirumalaisamy Gautami , Ayyanar Sugaparaneetharan , Rajendhiran Gopi , Kannan M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Depression is a common illness that affects about 3.8% of the population worldwide. Patients with major depression respond to antidepressant treatment, but 10%–20% of them do not improve or show a partial response. It is coupled with functional impairment, poor quality of life, suicide ideation and attempts, self-injurious behavior, and a high relapse rate. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a challenge to clinicians because of its increased loss of functionality and the increased rate of suicide among people diagnosed with the illness. Studies are evolving to combine various treatment options to reduce morbidity and mortality in people suffering from the illness. This study aims at comparing the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and ketamine transfusion in treating TRD. It hopes to prove that ketamine provides rapid relief for people suffering from TRD.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective, parallel randomized controlled, open label, noninferiority/superiority trial to compare the efficacy of ECT and ketamine was done. Ninety-six persons suffering from TRD were selected for the study through proportionate stratified random sampling and 46 persons received 6 ECT treatment and 50 persons received six doses of ketamine. Treatment response was measured using Hamilton depression ratings scale (HAM-D) using baseline, mid assessment, and postassessment scores. The scores were used to determine the effectiveness of ECT and ketamine in the treatment of TRD.

Results:
Ketamine was proven to have the same antidepressant effect in participants as that of ECT. Ketamine was observed to have rapid reduction in depressive symptoms when compared to ECT.

Conclusion:
This study highlights that ketamine can be considered as an effective alternative to ECT in those with TRD.
Storytelling and Cartoon Characters in Medical Microbiology: An Engaging Approach to Enhance Teaching and Learning
Authors: Sabesan Gokul Shankar , Visvanathan Sridevi , Sethuraman K. R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Narrative learning, or storytelling, has emerged as a powerful pedagogical tool in medical education, offering benefits in making complex concepts relatable and memorable. Incorporating popular comics and movies, such as Marvel characters, into microbiology lectures brings humour and liveliness, stimulating curiosity and breaking monotony. For instance, Shigella’s invasive tactics were compared to Dr. Strange’s ability to access hidden dimensions, simplifying its intracellular pathogenesis. This approach caters to diverse learning styles: visual learners benefit from illustrations, auditory learners from storytelling, and kinesthetic learners from interactive role-plays. Feedback highlights increased enthusiasm and interaction, affirming cinemeducation as a creative, effective teaching method that can activate emotional centres and improves academic performance.
Children of Alcoholics (COA): Victims of Abuse Due to Parental Addiction- A Meta Narrative Review
Authors: Malick Reshma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Children of alcoholic (COA) suffer from many adversities as a result of parental long-term substance use that contributes to multiple forms of abuse and neglect. However, studies conducted on COAs’ psychological and developmental needs show them to be more prone to these issues than most children. Still, literature regarding the experiences of the COAs and the kind of support they have are scarce.

Methodology:
This is a qualitative research study, with secondary data analysis and the use of case studies to learn about the experiences of COAs. In this case, we seek to understand the nature of abuse against COAs, gender disparity in the severity of victimization, and awareness of self-help groups like Al-Teen.

Results:
Findings point out that COAs suffer from neglect, emotional maltreatment, and physical injury, and these are generally worse in cases of substance use in the family. Gender differences highlight that boys tend to be more directly affected by parents’ substance use than girls. In addition, a significant proportion of COAs themselves engage in substance use, which only worsens their situation. Knowledge of interventions such as Al-Teen is usually low among COAs, thus representing a gap in the support network.

Conclusions:
COA parents are at high risk for mental health problems and eventual substance use disorders. Good interventions must be responsive to gender differences and encourage seeking support. Community outreach and professional collaboration are necessary steps for improving the accessibility and effectiveness of self-help programs among COAs, disrupting cycles of addiction and trauma.
Coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmed G. , Alanazi Aisha M. , Nourelden Anas Z. , Alhamidi Hussam A. , Al Ibrahim Bashaar K. , Alshowair Mishal A. , Tawfik Marwa M. , Bawazir Abdullah H. , Nagadi Omar S. , Alshehri Hameed M. , Alahmari Mohammed S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Approximately 25% of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) concurrently experience immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), while the overall prevalence of these conditions in the general population is 5–7%. Individuals with IBD and concurrent IMIDs tend to have a more aggressive disease profile. We aimed to assess the prevalence of coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with IBD and their association with inflammatory bowel disease type.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, we examined 875 patients with IBD (530 with Crohn’s disease and 345 with ulcerative colitis). Patient demographics, disease types, treatment modalities, and co-occurring autoimmune conditions were analyzed using statistical and regression analyses.

Results:
Overall, 21.7%, 19.4%, and 25.2% of the patients had IMIDs, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis, respectively. Patients with ulcerative colitis had higher rates of hepatic autoimmune conditions (9.6%) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (4.1% vs 1.3%; P = 0.010) than those with Crohn’s disease (4.5%; P = 0.003). Regression analysis revealed significant associations between hepatic (P = 0.012) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (P = 0.018) with ulcerative colitis diagnosis, although the model’s predictive accuracy was moderate (overall, 63%; specificity, 95%; sensitivity, 14%).

Conclusions:
Our study highlights the significant co-occurrence of autoimmune diseases with IBD, particularly the distinct autoimmune profiles of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Identifying the specific ulcerative colitis-associated autoimmune comorbidities could guide personalized therapeutic strategies and inform future research on the pathophysiological relationship between these conditions.
Redefining Right to Information, Federalism and Decentralization Mechanism in Pakistan: Post 18th Amendment perspective
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Shafiq Muhammad Osama 
Published: December 2024

Right to Information, Federalism and Decentralization have been remained sensitive matters for Pakistan. It has been a federal state since its creation following Partition in 1947, though this has been episodic by some political heads (Military and civilian both) through various amendments. These steps resulted in instability in political and federal system, causing the state a great loss nationally and internationally. The 18th Amendment (2010) is a landmark event in the political history of Pakistan. The Amendment brought about a paradigm shift in the architecture of Pakistan’s governance. It reduced the power of the center and devolved numerous responsibilities to the provincial governments, thereby reinstating the federal vision of the original constitution of 1973.
Bibliographical sources for Periodicals and Newspapers of Pakistan
Authors: Siddiqui Rafat Perveen , Hussain Farhat 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to bring together all the bibliographical sources related to periodicals and newspapers of Pakistan. This research will facilitate the researchers, scholars, librarians and personnel from media or professionals from concerned literary organizations to identify and to get access to all periodicals and newspapers of Pakistan either they had published them in early days or in current years. It is based on the comprehensive study of various type of literature; books, journals and National Bibliography of Pakistan. The Internet sources were also consulted. All the findings are arranged alphabetically and analyzed accordingly. As a result of the study the twenty eight sources are traced out to know about the newspapers and the periodicals of Pakistan. Study recommends updating or revising these resources.
Real News vs Fake News: A Challenge for Pragmatic Media Ethics
Authors: Dr. Zaeem Yasin, Naveed Iqbal & Natasha Rehman  
Published: December 2024

Collecting authentic information has been a tough task for journalists since the start of their career lives. Either they confirm the news from their source or through the internet but lately due to the unrestrained flow of information on the internet, it’s hard to check the authenticity of the news. We can also not deny that the dissemination of fake news is either for sensationalism or to create chaos among the masses. Different regulatory authorities are operating to keep a check and balance on different mediums, but social media has not been controlled yet by any authority which the aim of this research is to evaluate the clarity between fake news and real news under the perspective of media ethics. The main objective of this study is to analyze the consequences of fake and real news and its drawbacks and authenticity among the public. Media Information Literacy theory has been applied as theoretical support for this study. The researchers used the purposive sampling technique for the collection of data from Pakistani journalists to make the research more evident and argumentative. The hypothesis of this study has been testified thus this research proved that the quantity of fake news is gradually increasing in the media, especially on social media platforms.

Keywords: Real News, Responsible Journalism, social media, Fake News, Media Ethics
Gender Stereotyping in the field of Electronic Media; Causes and Consequences (A study with special reference to Pakistan)
Authors: Qursam Fatima & Dr. Nabeela Farah  
Published: December 2024

The world is like a global village. We, as a generation, preparing ourselves for fifth generation warfare (5GW). In this changing ere, media is the most powerful tool for creating buzz in every field of life. Be it digital media or electronic media, it is in the use of everyone. In Pakistan, both men and women are joining the field of media i.e., as a journalist, anchor person, actor, director and the list is goes on. But the notable aspect is that there is still gender stereotyping in the field of electronic media. Men have the audacity to do whatever they want while women still face many problems. The purpose of this paper is to highlight those itinerant rights to women that are given by religion and society. It is an analytical study about the gender stereotyping in the field of Electronic Media with all its reasons, causes, impacts and consequences with the help of case study. Following are the topics which can be discussed:

Media and its development in post-truth era.
Electronic Media and its dimensions.
Gender Stereotyping in the field of electronic media.
Contemporary problems faced by women of Pakistan i.e., harassment, bullying, roasting, less opportunities etc.
Case Study
Consequences and Conclusion.
Modi Regime: Citizenship Bill and its correlation with Hindutva’s Philosophical Agenda
Authors: Dr. Shujaat Hussain  
Published: December 2024

With the changing global trends, borders are disappearing between truth and lies, fiction and nonfiction, honesty and dishonesty. Through alternative opinion, the depiction of truth can be altered and feelings and personal views have more value than evidence. This paper will discuss Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi’s right-wing agenda of Hindutva which has its roots in the Gujarat Massacre 2002, and then proceeded to the CAB Citizenship amendment bill 2019. This era which is a notion of misinformation is a challenge to the world because globally, this practice is forming fictional reality but in India, this is baked by the majority entities along with right-wing extremists which are now the ruling party communication tactic. Narendra Modi’s philosophy is not just an ideology but is an amalgamation of misinformation, miscommunication, and exploitation of fact with a long journey of almost two decades. Indian political scenario is all about following the post-truth notion in which citizens and politicians no longer respect truth but they have to accept the repeated miscommunicated facts although there is some serious opposition for this emerging social and political condition Indian establishment is turning non-existing facts into immediate reality and gaining many long term benefits from criticism.
Effect of Social Media Influencer on Consumer Purchase Intention: A PLS-SEM Study on Branded Luxury Fashion Clothing
Authors: Irfan Ul Haque, Sherbaz Khan, Muhammad Shahzad Mubarik  
Published: December 2024

By analyzing the purchasing decisions of consumers who have been influenced by social media influencers, marketers have long been concerned with determining the impact of social media influencers on their target audience. A shopper's shopping conduct is the act of making a purchase. In 2001, American researchers began to consider investigating Internet conversations of consumers. The development of questionnaire facilitates data collection for this investigation. In the initial section of the survey, participants were requested to provide demographic information, including their ages, gender, educational backgrounds, income levels, and occupations. Part 2 was a study of the beliefs and behaviors of consumers regarding the influence of celebrities, bloggers/vloggers, micro-influencers, and social networks on their purchasing decisions. The study analyzed the model's fit to the data and its component relationships. The test results obtained through the utilization of the algorithm and bootstrapping. The overview encompasses key elements like p-values, T-values, -values, and evaluations of hypothesis validity. There is no evidence to suggest that celebrity prominence in Pakistan influences consumer behavior. The Pakistani public's aversion or skepticism regarding the veracity of online content must also influence consumers' propensity to spend. Future research may investigate the potential repercussions of using digital social media for marketing purposes to an excessive degree.
Morphological and Histological Comparative Study between the Lower Respiratory System of Pigeon (Columba livia) and Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Mahmood rajab Jehan , Abdulmahdi Mohsin Raghad , Saadi Mohammed Nagham 
Published: December 2024

The current study showed that there are morphological and anatomical differences between pigeons and guinea pigs. The trachea appeared in pigeons in the form of a long tube containing cartilaginous rings that were completely round and overlapping with each other, while the trachea appeared in the guinea pig in the form of a long tube with a diameter wider than that of the pigeon. It consisted of a group of cartilaginous rings that were not completely round. In both types, the lung consisted of left and right lobes. The lung in pigeons was rectangular in shape, fragile, and it has many blood vessels, it was closely attached to the ribs. The lung of the guinea pig was composed of a group of lobes pyramidal in shape, and the left lung was smaller than the right lung. Histologically, the trachea in both animals consisted of four tissue layers, which are mucosa, submucosa, and a layer of connective tissue that contains cartilage and is covered from the outside with a layer of covering tissue called the adventitia. The lung in the pigeons also consisted of connective tissue with wide holes that were uniformly distributed throughout the lung tissue. The lung in the guinea pig consists of connective tissue with many branches, which represent the branches of the bronchioles, and those branches end with air sacs in the form of clusters. The differences in the nature of the behavior of the two animals could be a major reason for the presence of morphological and histological differences in the structure of the respiratory system of both animals.
Analysis of the quality and credibility of health-related content on YouTube: cross-sectional study
Authors: Mukhamediyarov M. , Nurmashev B. , Bekaryssova D. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Social media plays a massive role in informing people and promoting valuable, poor-quality content. The openness of social media to all users makes users vulnerable to viewing low-quality, misleading videos. In today's world, the number of users using information on social media is growing, so assessing the quality and credibility of the material provided is important. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the quality and credibility of YouTube health-related content (HRC) impacting public health.
Methods. Data were collected through the YouTube API using key queries: 'vaccination,' "COVID-19," "folk remedies," "health," "mental health," and' nutrition.' One hundred seventy-seven videos with more than 10,000+ views and duration between 3 and 30 minutes were selected for analysis. Quality was assessed using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), and reliability was assessed using a modified DISCERN scale. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 26; the Kappa coefficient was used to assess consistency.
Results. The final analysis included 162 videos, of which 74.1% were helpful, and 25.9% contained misleading information. Most of the videos (27.8%; n = 45) were classified as "Medical educational," followed by "Educational" (17.9%; n = 29) and "News" (15.4%; n = 25). The least represented categories were "Entertainment" (5.6%; n = 9) and "Other" (4.9%; n = 8). Helpful videos showed higher scores on the GQS and DISCERN scales (P < 0.001). The GQS scores of the valuable videos were significantly higher than the misleading videos, with a median (min-max) score of 4 (4–5) (P < 0.001). The DISCERN found the scores of the valuable videos to be significantly higher (P < 0.001). The median number of views for misleading videos was 591,060 (13,370–107,969,406), compared to 353,567 (range: 10,314–13,557,501) for valuable videos. Videos with mostly misleading content had many views, and the difference between the two comparable categories of groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Daily views and likes in valuable videos were lower than in misleading ones; the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The likes rate was lower in the valuable videos, but the difference was insignificant (P = 0.778). The average number of views of misleading videos is much higher, although the quality and credibility are lower.
Conclusion. YouTube significantly impacts the dissemination of medical information, but the platform's accessibility also facilitates the dissemination of inaccurate content. The results of our study emphasized the need to create a system of monitoring and control over the quality of medical information in the YouTube social network, as well as the involvement of medical professionals in creating educational medical content. The development of information verification mechanisms will help to reduce the risk of users making wrong decisions based on unreliable video content.
Knowledge and Behavior in Preventing Hypertension Complications
Authors: Bariman Gracia Nadya Nathania , Lamonge Annastasia Sintia , Mananggu Gloria , Antoni Nathalia Enjelin Stefani , Ngala Juneva Ceisya , Pondaag Frisy Debora , Mewengkang Kasih , Puni Jesica , Mesawarol Novita , Kulmanul Mariata 
Published: December 2024

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Penyakit ini mempunyai julukan “The Silent Killer” karena para penderita biasanya tidak merasakan tanda ataupun gejala dan pada kemudian hari baru diketahui terkena hipertensi setelah memiliki penyakit komplikasi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku dalam pencegahan komplikasi pada penderita hipertensi di Kelurahan Kombos Timur. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional dan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 122 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 93 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner yaitu Kuesioner Hypertension Knowledge Level Scale (HK-LS) dan Kuesioner Perilaku Pencegahan Terjadinya Komplikasi Hipertensi. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Uji Spearman. Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini p-value = 0,048 (p < 0,05) dengan nilai r atau nilai korelasi 0,205, yang berarti tingkat pengetahuan mempunyai hubungan dengan perilaku dalam pencegahan komplikasi hipertensi. Kesimpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan tentang hipertensi dari seseorang akan mempengaruhi perilakunya dalam pencegahan komplikasi hipertensi.

Kata Kunci: Hipertensi; tingkat pengetahuan; perilaku pencegahan komplikasi