bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomenclature and Classification of the Arctite Supergroup.Aravaite, Ba2Ca18(SiO4)6[(PO4)3(CO3)]F3O, a New Arctite Supergroup Mineral from Negev Desert, Israel
Authors: Galuskin Evgeny , Galuskina Irina , Krüger Biljana , Krüger Hannes , Vapnik Yevgeny , Krzątała Arkadiusz , Środek Dorota , Zieliński Grzegorz 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
The crystal structure of arctite, (Na5Ca)Ca6Ba(PO4)6F3 (Rm, a = 7.904 Å, с = 41.320 Å), was refined in 1984 by E. Sokolova. According to modern concepts, this mineral belongs to the intercalated antiperovskites and is characterized by intercalation of triple antiperovskite layers {[F3(Ca7Na5)](PO4)4}4+ and tetrahedral layers Ba(PO4)24–. The pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex, which are distributed along the Dead Sea Rift, are the origin of eight new minerals with intercalated antiperovskite structures, all discovered within the last five years. Therefore, an update and improvement of the classification and nomenclature was required. The new classification of the arctite supergroup was approved by the CNMNC IMA (Memorandum 95–SM20). The arctite supergroup combines the arctite group (minerals with triple antiperovskite layers), which includes arctite, (Na5Ca)Ca6Ba(PO4)6F3; nabimusaite, KCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O2F; dargaite, BaCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O3; and ariegilatite, BaCa12(SiO4)4(PO4)2F2O, with the zadovite group (minerals with single antiperovskite layers), which includes zadovite, BaCa6[(SiO4)(PO4)](PO4)2F; aradite, BaCa6[(SiO4)(VO4)](VO4)2F; gazeevite, BaCa6(SiO4)2(SO4)2O; and stracherite, BaCa6(SiO4)2[(PO4)(CO3)]F. Another ungrouped member of the arctite supergroup is aravaite, Ba2Ca18(SiO4)6[(PO4)3(CO3)]F3O – a unique mineral which is formed by the ordered intercalation of super-modules of ariegilatite and stracherite. In addition, a description of aravaite as a new mineral is presented in this paper. The crystal structure has been previously published (Krüger et al. 2018). Furthermore, preliminary data for potentially new minerals of the arctite supergroup, found in rocks of the Hatrurim Complex, are discussed.
EVALUATION OF CHONDROPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF TRIAMCINOLONE IN OSTEOARTHRITIS INDUCED RAT MODEL
Authors: Ishaq Noaman , Mehdi Quratulain , Sohail Bajwa Novera , Ali Shabana , Shaheen Bushra , Aslam Khan Muhammad Waqar 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint diseases afflicting human, characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage in which chondrocytes fails to adequately repair. Objective of this study is to evaluate the chondroprotection offered by triamcinolone in osteoarthritis induced rat model
METHODOLOGY:
This Laboratory based experimental study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of health, Islamabad from April-June2019. Osteoarthritis was induced by surgical removal of medial meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament resection in right knee joint of Sixteen (16) anesthetized rats of Sprague Dawley breed. They were divided in two (02) groups with eight (08) rats in each group. Group I was disease control in which 0.2 ml Intra articular saline was administered for three weeks. While group II was treatment group that was treated by 70 µl intra articular triamcinolone once weekly for three weeks. After that gait pattern of rats was scored. Animals were euthanized with over dosage of inhaled chloroform and sample of proximal tibia was taken for histopathological analysis.RESULTS:
Mean gait score of control group and treatment group was 3.25±.707 and 2.25±.463 with a p value of .028 that is statistically significant. While mean histopathological modified Mankin score of control and treatment group was 11.5±1.195 and 8.5±1.195 respectively with a significant P-value of <0.01.
CONCLUSION:
Intra articular administration of triamcinolone in Osteoarthritis induced rats resulted in improvement in gait pattern and histopathology.
Keywords: Chondroprotective efficacy, Osteoarthritis, Triamcinolone.
A Refined Model of Convectively Driven Flicker in Kepler Light Curves
Authors: Van Kooten Samuel J. , Anders Evan H. , Cranmer Steven R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Light curves produced by the Kepler mission demonstrate stochastic brightness fluctuations (or flicker) of stellar origin which contribute to the noise floor, limiting the sensitivity of exoplanet detection and characterization methods. In stars with surface convection, the primary driver of these variations on short (sub-eight-hour) timescales is believed to be convective granulation. In this work, we improve existing models of this granular flicker amplitude, or F
8, by including the effect of the Kepler bandpass on measured flicker, by incorporating metallicity in determining convective Mach numbers, and by using scaling relations from a wider set of numerical simulations. To motivate and validate these changes, we use a recent database of convective flicker measurements in Kepler stars, which allows us to more fully detail the remaining model-prediction error. Our model improvements reduce the typical misprediction of flicker amplitude from a factor of 2.5–2. We rule out rotation period and strong magnetic activity as possible explanations for the remaining model error, and we show that binary companions may affect convective flicker. We also introduce an envelope model that predicts a range of flicker amplitudes for any one star to account for some of the spread in numerical simulations, and we find that this range covers 78% of observed stars. We note that the solar granular flicker amplitude is lower than most Sun-like stars. This improved model of convective flicker amplitude can better characterize this source of noise in exoplanet studies as well as better inform models and simulations of stellar granulation.
Οἶκος, terre et ¥€$ : le site architectural comme ressource
Authors: Berque Augustin 
Published: May 2021

On montre ici qu’une ressource existe dans un rapport ternaire S-I-P, à la fois logique et ontologique, où la terre est en position de sujet-substance S, l’humain en position d’interprète I, et l’interprétation en position d’accident-prédicat P ; ce dont résulte la réalité S/P (S en tant que P pour I). L’architecture en est l’une des expressions ; c’est sa dimension écouménale et terrestre, qu’il importe de lui rendre, alors que le capitalisme tend à l’en abstraire.
Récit en mouvement : la construction d’un territoire paysan à Rio Bonito do Iguaçu au Brésil
Authors: Col Mathilde Teixeira 
Published: May 2021

Dans le contexte de crise socioenvironnementale que nous traversons, il est inévitable de repenser nos manières d’habiter les territoires, afin de rompre avec les logiques dominantes de monopolisation et d’exploitation abusive des ressources terrestres. Au Brésil, pays où les inégalités foncières sont structurelles, le mouvement paysan des « sans-terre » est le protagoniste de la lutte pour la réforme agraire, en faveur de la justice sociale et environnementale. Ce carnet de terrain porte sur la construction d’un territoire paysan, fruit d’une vision collective, situé à Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, au centre ouest du Paraná. La présentation de ce territoire et des modes d’habiter locaux est conduite sous forme d’un récit en mouvement. Issu d’une enquête de terrain réalisée du 2 au 5 mars 2020, cet exposé s’inscrit dans un travail de thèse portant sur la perspective d’autonomie à travers la construction collective de ce territoire.
La Paille, un matériau pour transmettre
Authors: Ehrlich Volker , Vermès Édouard 
Published: May 2021

Les deux auteurs, architectes de l’agence d’architecture Trait Vivant, partagent leur métier entre enseignement et conception architecturale. Ils posent une question fondamentale : quelle marge de manœuvre possède l’architecte pour changer le paradigme sociétal au travers de son œuvre ? Les architectes sont dépositaires du lourd bilan environnemental et social du secteur de la construction et de l’entretien des bâtiments, qui représente près des trois quarts de la production de déchets et le premier poste de dépense d’énergie primaire.Cet article développe la démarche qui a orienté Trait Vivant dans la conception de projets utilisant quasi exclusivement des ressources biosourcées et géosourcées peu transformées. Par ailleurs, l’enseignement et l’encadrement de chantiers de formation et chantiers participatifs auprès d’étudiants architectes ou ingénieurs est un levier abordé dans ce texte. Au regard d’une variété de projets presque tous liés à la construction en bottes de paille, il nous semble que la valeur écologique d’un projet telle que nous l’entendons ne peut être comprise qu’au travers de l’acte même de bâtir. Il est aujourd’hui admis que les principes aujourd’hui à l’œuvre dans le secteur conventionnel du bâtiment doivent être renversés afin d’assurer des pratiques soutenables. La toute première condition de ce changement passe par l’introduction de savoirs théoriques et pratiques dans les écoles, où sont formés décideurs, constructeurs et prescripteurs de matériaux de demain. L’engouement pour la formation à l’utilisation de ressources naturelles pour construire existe au-delà de l’offre dans les écoles, les chantiers hors les murs où sont massivement présents les étudiants en architecture en témoignent. Les qualités sensorielles des matériaux mis en œuvre, ainsi que l’intensité citoyenne que ceux-ci convoquent pendant le chantier sont porteuses d’espoir.Puisse ce carnet de terrain contribuer à l’esquisse d’une approche holistique, d’un renouveau désirable et néanmoins réalisable de nos cultures constructives, à partir de matériaux multimillénaires, le bois, la terre et la paille.
Pour une recherche en éducation relative à l’environnement « centrée sur l’objet partagé »
Authors: Goffin Louis 
Published: May 2021

Dans cet article, l’auteur s’interroge sur les fondements éthiques et méthodologiques de la recherche en éducation relative à l’environnement. À partir d’une analyse critique contextualisée de quatre recherches menées à la Fondation Universitaire Luxembourgeoise d’Arlon en Belgique, il reconstruit pour les comparer deux modèles de recherche, l’un centré sur le chercheur, l’autre centré sur « l’objet de recherche partagé ». Il conclut sur la nécessité du partenariat pluri-acteurs pour la recherche en éducation relative à l’environnement, rendant celle-ci à la fois plus réaliste et plus efficace.
Context-Dependent miR-21 Regulation of TLR7-Mediated Autoimmune and Foreign Antigen–Driven Antibody-Forming Cell and Germinal Center Responses
Authors: Schell Stephanie L. , Bricker Kristen N. , Fike Adam J. , Chodisetti Sathi Babu , Domeier Phillip P. , Choi Nicholas M. , Fasnacht Melinda J. , Luckenbill Sara A. , Ziegler Steven F. , Rahman Ziaur S. M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in healthy B cell responses and the loss of tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although the role of many miRNAs remains poorly understood. Dampening miR-21 activity was previously shown to reduce splenomegaly and blood urea nitrogen levels in SLE-prone mice, but the detailed cellular responses and mechanism of action remains unexplored. In this study, using the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod-induced SLE model, we observed that loss of miR-21 in Sle1b mice prevented the formation of plasma cells and autoantibody-producing Ab-forming cells (AFCs) without a significant effect on the magnitude of the germinal center (GC) response. We further observed reduced dendritic cell and monocyte numbers in the spleens of miR-21–deficient Sle1b mice that were associated with reduced IFN, proinflammatory cytokines, and effector CD4+ T cell responses. RNA sequencing analysis on B cells from miR-21–deficient Sle1b mice revealed reduced activation and response to IFN, and cytokine and target array analysis revealed modulation of numerous miR-21 target genes in response to TLR7 activation and type I IFN stimulation. Our findings in the B6.Sle1b.Yaa (Sle1bYaa) spontaneous model recapitulated the miR-21 role in TLR7-induced responses with an additional role in autoimmune GC and T follicular helper responses. Finally, immunization with T-dependent Ag revealed a role for miR-21 in foreign Ag–driven GC and Ab, but not AFC, responses. Our data suggest a potential multifaceted, context-dependent role for miR-21 in autoimmune and foreign Ag–driven AFC and GC responses. Further study is warranted to delineate the cell-intrinsic requirements and mechanisms of miR-21 during infection and SLE development.
Incidence, Prevalence, and Severity of and Risk Factors for Hip and Groin Problems in Swedish Male Ice Hockey Players: A 1-Season Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wörner Tobias , Thorborg Kristian , Clarsen Benjamin , Eek Frida 
Published: May 2021

Context
The epidemiologic focus on time loss may underestimate the true magnitude of hip and groin problems in male ice hockey players.

Objective
To describe the prevalence, incidence, and severity of hip and groin problems (time loss and non–time loss) in Swedish ice hockey players over the course of a season and explore potential preseason risk factors for these conditions.

Design
Prospective 1-season cohort study.

Setting
Professional and semiprofessional Swedish ice hockey players.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 12 professional and semiprofessional male ice hockey teams were invited to participate. Of those, 9 teams agreed, and 163 players were included in the analyses.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Hip and groin problems in the previous season (time loss, non–time loss), isometric adduction and abduction strength, and 5-second squeeze test results were recorded before the season and served as independent variables in the risk factor analysis. Main outcome measures were cumulative incidence of hip and groin problems, average prevalence, and odds ratios (ORs) for groin problems in season.

Results
Cumulative incidence was 45.4% (95% CI = 37.6%, 53.4%) for all problems and 19% (95% CI = 13.3%, 25.9%) for substantial problems. Average prevalence was 14.1% (95% CI = 10.8%, 17.5%) for all and 5.7% (95% CI = 4.3%, 7.2%) for substantial problems. Among reported problems, 69.2% had a gradual onset, and only 17% led to time loss. Players with non–time-loss problems in the previous season had higher odds for new problems (all: OR = 3.3 [95% CI = 1.7, 6.3]; substantial: OR = 3.6 [95% CI = 1.8, 8.4]). Preseason strength was not significantly associated with the odds for subsequent problems.

Conclusion
Hip and groin problems are common in ice hockey players and may lead to substantial impairments in performance. Only 1 in 5 problems led to time loss, and 7 in 10 had a gradual onset. Non–time-loss problems in the previous season were a significant risk factor for new problems, whereas decreased preseason hip-adduction and -abduction strength was not.
Positive Reframing: An Important but Underutilized Coping Strategy in Athletes Undergoing Sport-Related Knee Surgery
Authors: Flanigan David C. , Everhart Joshua S. , DiBartola Alex C. , Blough Christian , Schiele Steven E. , Harris Kristie M. , Emery Charles F. 
Published: May 2021

Context
How specific coping strategies are associated with short-term outcomes among athletes after knee surgery is unknown.

Objective
To determine whether (1) specific coping strategies were associated with return to sport, satisfaction, self-reported knee function, or kinesiophobia after sport-related knee surgery and (2) these associations varied by age, sex, or surgical procedure.

Study Design
Case series.

Methods
Athletes (N = 184; men: n = 104, women: n = 80; aged &lt;20 years: n = 38; aged 20–25 years: n = 35; aged 26–31 years: n = 36; aged 32–40 years: n = 36; aged &gt;40 years: n = 39) who underwent outpatient knee surgery at a single center were enrolled. Use of specific coping strategies (self-distraction, venting, acceptance, positive reframing, emotional support, and instrumental support) was assessed preoperatively with the Brief-Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory. Relationships among coping strategies and postoperative satisfaction, return to sport, International Knee Documentation Committee–Subjective and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia scores at a median 10.7 months follow-up were determined with consideration for age, sex, and surgical procedure.

Results
Return to the prior level of sport was 72%, and satisfaction was 86%. Most coping strategies had age-specific utilization rates; positive reframing was used least frequently in individuals aged &lt;20 years. Satisfaction increased with greater positive reframing among those aged &lt;20 years and decreased with greater self-distraction among men. Return to sport was higher with greater positive reframing in people aged &lt;32 years. No coping strategies predicted International Knee Documentation Committee–Subjective scores. Greater positive reframing correlated with less kinesiophobia in individuals aged &lt;20 years and greater instrumental support with less kinesiophobia in those aged &gt;40 years. No other coping strategies were associated with outcomes. The surgical procedure was not related to an association between coping strategies and outcomes.

Conclusions
Coping strategies had age-specific associations with outcomes after knee surgery in athletes. Positive reframing was infrequently used in younger athletes. Greater use of positive reframing in this group may improve return to sport and satisfaction and reduce fear of reinjury.
Associations of transcription factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphism in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population of Pakistan
Authors: Hameed Taha , Khan Zahid , Imran Muhammad , Ali Saif , Abdo Albegali Abdullah , Ikram Ullah Muhammad , Ejaz Hasan 
Published: May 2021

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent component of metabolic syndrome. Environmental factors and various complex genes like transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have involved in the disease development.
Objective: To determine TCF7L2 genetic association (rs7903146C/T and rs12255372G/T) in T2DM patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population of Pakistan.
Subjects and methods: This study comprised of 176 subjects including 118 T2DM patients and 58 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotype of common variants (rs7903146 C/T and rs12255372 G/T) was carried out by amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR of sequence specific oligonucleotides.
Results: The distribution of genotype of TCF7L2 SNPs (rs7903146 C/T and rs12255372 G/T) was significantly associated with T2DM as compared to the controls (p <0.0001). The genetic models of the rs7903146 (C/T) and rs12255372 (G/T) SNPs were significantly associated between cases and controls (p <0.0001). On the other hand, the significant association was observed between the two SNPs and different biochemical parameters like serum fasting glucose, lipid profile, creatinine and blood HbA1c levels (p <0.05).
Conclusion: It is concluded that the SNPs of the TCF7L2 gene are significantly associated with T2DM disease susceptibil- ity in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan.
Keywords: T2DM; TCF7L2; Genetic association, ARMS-PCR, Single nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs), Khyber Pakh- tunkhwa.
Delegation and Staff Commitment in the School of Finance and Banking, Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Kiiza Pascal , Picho Epiphany Odubuker 
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between Delegation of Authority and Staff Commitment in the School of Finance and Banking in Kigali Rwanda. A cross-sectional survey design was used with the target sample size of 97 out of 130 parent population. The total number of questionnaires that were filled and returned was 78, giving a high response rate of 80.5 percent. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the population, the researchers used stratified sampling and random sampling. Descriptive analysis involving frequencies, percentages and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient for inferential statistics were carried out. The correlation between the two variables was weak at .287, and significant at .011 value. The results were linearly correlated and this implies that staff commitment is positively correlated with Delegation of Authority; whenever employees are delegated authority, they are likely to be more committed and vice versa.Keywords: Delegation; Authority; Staff Commitment
Kebijakan Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Murni
Authors: Akhyar Wira Iqomudin , Gunawan  , Haris Widiasmoro  , Layla Izza Rufaida  
Published: May 2021

Bantuan pangan nontunai bersendikan efisiensi berkeadilan dan ekonomi inklusif. Norma hukum efisiensi berkeadilan mensyaratkan pemerataan sebesar-besarnya bagi rakyat Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab pertanyaan bagaimanakah filosofis efisiensi berkeadilan pada program bantuan pangan nontunai? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Bahan utama teori hukum murni Hans Kelsen sebagai daya terang dan hasil keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menafsirkan diksi “Efisiensi Berkeadilan”. Hasil yang ditemukan pada kajian ini ialah gagasan Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT) awalnya bersendikan distribusi pangan berbasis efisiensi (asasnya) dan memberlakukan redistribusi keuangan inklusif. Artinya dalam ranah ide dasar BPNT masih di dalam program yang sewajarnya, namun di salah satu lokasi, implementasi program ini bermasalah dalam mewujudkan keadilan masyarakat. Pendulum efisiensi dominan ke arah ekonomi penguasa Kapital, sehubungan dengan fakta hukum adanya monopoli jalur pasokan ke E-Warong. Berkeadilan yang berbasis pada kemakmuran sebesar-besarnya bagi masyarakat (utilitarianisme) masih menjadi distopia (jauh dari ideal). Sudah saatnya merubah pola distribusi pasokan bahan pangan dengan kebijakan bantuan langsung tunai.

Kata Kunci : Bantuan Pangan Non-Tunai, Efisiensi Berkeadilan, Utilitarian.
TO THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE LEAF AREA OF PLANTS OF THE FAMILY NYMPHAEACEAE SALISB.
Authors: Chernova A. 
Published: May 2021

Leaf area is an important indicator that is closely related to the size of the assimilating surface, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, specific leaf area, and production.
The purpose of this work is to obtain regression models for determining the leaf area of widespread hydrophytes – Nuphar lutea (L.) Smith and Nymphaea candida C. Presl. These plants have a high ecological valence and make a significant contribution to the overall productivity of reservoirs.
Collection of floating leaves of water lilies was carried out in 2019 in the gulf of the Volga river in the Tver region (56°58'50.4", 37°27'45.2"). A total of 108 leaves of Nuphar lutea and 170 – Nymphaea candida were collected. Main parameters: the length of the leaf blade from the attachment point of the petiole to the tip (l1), the total length (l2) and width (w) of the leaf blade were measured with an accuracy of 0.1 cm. The actual leaf area was determined by a Planix 7 planimeter. Correlation and regression analyses were used to analyze the data.
The growth of water lily leaves is uniform. Regression analysis revealed the dependence of the actual leaf area (LA) on morphometric indicators l1, l2, and w. For Nuphar lutea: LAN.l=2.12∙l11.81; LAN.l=0.64∙l21.95; LAN.l=0.93∙w2.05. For Nymphaea candida: LAN.c=3.88∙l11.79; LAN.c=0.85∙l21.94; LAN.c=0.93∙w1.96
The received power equation is fair from a biological point of view and correct with mathematical. They can be used in the field without causing damage to plant communities. This is a fast, reliable and cost-effective method. It allows you to monitor, assess the degree of overgrowth of reservoirs, predict the further development of communities, and allows you to conduct research on specially protected natural areas.