bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reddish male swallows have short sperm
Authors: Hasegawa Masaru , Arai Emi , Nakamura Masahiko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSexual selection favors the evolution of pre-copulatory sexual traits such as ornamentation and post-copulatory sexual traits such as long sperm, but the interrelationships of the two types of sexual traits remain unclear. Here, using Japanese barn swallows,Hirundo rustica gutturalis,and an interspecific analysis of the family Hirundinidae,we examined sperm length in relation to pheomelanin-based plumage coloration. As predicted by the fact that pheomelanogenesis consumes antioxidants, which would be detrimental to develop long sperm, reddish coloration (but not other ornaments) were negatively related to sperm length both within and across species, suggesting an evolutionary tradeoff between these traits.
Multiscale modeling of cancellous bone considering full coupling of mechanical, electric and magnetic effects
Authors: Blaszczyk Mischa , Hackl Klaus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractModeling of cancellous bone has important applications in the detection and treatment of fatigue fractures and diseases like osteoporosis. In this paper, we present a fully coupled multiscale approach considering mechanical, electric and magnetic effects by using the multiscale finite element method and a two-phase material model on the microscale. We show numerical results for both scales, including calculations for a femur bone, comparing a healthy bone to ones affected by different stages of osteoporosis. Here, the magnetic field strength resulting from a small mechanical impact decreases drastically for later stages of the disease, confirming experimental research.
Comparison of integral equations for the Maxwell transmission problem with general permittivities
Authors: Helsing Johan , Karlsson Anders , Rosén Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTwo recently derived integral equations for the Maxwell transmission problem are compared through numerical tests on simply connected axially symmetric domains for non-magnetic materials. The winning integral equation turns out to be entirely free from false eigenwavenumbers for any passive materials, also for purely negative permittivity ratios and in the static limit, as well as free from false essential spectrum on non-smooth surfaces. It also appears to be numerically competitive to all other available integral equation reformulations of the Maxwell transmission problem, despite using eight scalar surface densities.
Altered peripapillary vessel density and nerve fiber layer thickness in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Jian Huan , Wang Yujiao , Ou Luyu , He Weimin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective
To measure the peripapillary vessel density (VD) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and determine their prognostic relevance.

Methods
Forty-three TAO patients with or without DON (82 eyes in total) and 26 healthy subjects (52 eyes) were enrolled. All participants underwent ophthalmology and endocrinology tests. The peripapillary VD in retinal peripapillary capillary layer and RNFLT were analyzed using OCTA images. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between peripapillary VD /RNFLT and the relevant factors.

Results
The total peripapillary VD and RNFLT were significantly lower in the DON patients compared to the other groups (P < 0.001, 95% confidence intervals), and each quadrant of VD and RNFLT showed similar results except temporal RNFLT. No significant difference was seen between the RNFLT and VD of active non-DON (ANDON), inactive non-DON (NDON) patients and normal control (NC) group. Multivariable linear regression model showed that high IOP is an independent risk factor for lower peripapillary VD and RNFLT (β = −0.465, P < 0.001 and β = −0.343, P = 0.002 respectively).

Conclusion
OCTA parameters are suitable indicators for diagnosing DON. TAO patients with high IOP should be considered at high risk of retinal vessel and nerve fiber layer deterioration. In addition, patients with TAO should be advised to quit smoking since it could affect peripapillary VD and RNFLT.
Enablers and Inhibitors of AI-Powered Voice Assistants: A Dual-Factor Approach by Integrating the Status Quo Bias and Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Balakrishnan Janarthanan , Dwivedi Yogesh K. , Hughes Laurie , Boy Frederic 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the factors that build resistance and attitude towards AI voice assistants (AIVA). A theoretical model is proposed using the dual-factor framework by integrating status quo bias factors (sunk cost, regret avoidance, inertia, perceived value, switching costs, and perceived threat) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM; perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness) variables. The study model investigates the relationship between the status quo factors and resistance towards adoption of AIVA, and the relationship between TAM factors and attitudes towards AIVA. A sample of four hundred and twenty was analysed using structural equation modeling to investigate the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate an insignificant relationship between inertia and resistance to AIVA. Perceived value was found to have a negative but significant relationship with resistance to AIVA. Further, the study also found that inertia significantly differs across gender (male/female) and age groupings. The study's framework and results are posited as adding value to the extant literature and practice, directly related to status quo bias theory, dual-factor model and TAM.
A Relaxed Interior Point Method for Low-Rank Semidefinite Programming Problems with Applications to Matrix Completion
Authors: Bellavia Stefania , Gondzio Jacek , Porcelli Margherita 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA new relaxed variant of interior point method for low-rank semidefinite programming problems is proposed in this paper. The method is a step outside of the usual interior point framework. In anticipation to converging to a low-rank primal solution, a special nearly low-rank form of all primal iterates is imposed. To accommodate such a (restrictive) structure, the first order optimality conditions have to be relaxed and are therefore approximated by solving an auxiliary least-squares problem. The relaxed interior point framework opens numerous possibilities how primal and dual approximated Newton directions can be computed. In particular, it admits the application of both the first- and the second-order methods in this context. The convergence of the method is established. A prototype implementation is discussed and encouraging preliminary computational results are reported for solving the SDP-reformulation of matrix-completion problems.
Smart city services: an empirical analysis of citizen preferences
Authors: Wirtz Bernd W. , Becker Marcel , Schmidt Florian W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn times of increasing urbanization worldwide, smart city management is becoming increasingly important. In this regard, successful implementation requires not only the creation of technological foundations but also, in particular, the inclusion and engagement of the citizens of the respective "smart city" (SC). Despite their recognized importance, knowledge concerning their needs and preferences is currently still rather limited. By surveying 906 citizens of a SC, this study provides comprehensive insights into the preference and relevance structure of digital SC services from a citizen perspective. To compare and contrast, the findings are finally cross-referenced with survey results from public officials.
Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Support Programs Following Natural Disasters—a Scoping Review of Emerging Evidence
Authors: L. Gibbs , K. Marinkovic , J. Nursey , A. Tong L. , E. Tekin , M. Ulubasoglu , N. Callard , S. Cowlishaw , E. Cobham V. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review aimed to identify and describe evidence published in the past 3 years from trials of psychosocial support programs for children and adolescents affected by natural disasters.

Recent Findings
Previous reviews have indicated these programs are beneficial overall. Positive impacts were documented in school-based programs conducted by trained teachers and paraprofessionals with stronger effects achieved by more qualified professionals.

Summary
The review found supporting evidence for positive impacts of post-disaster psychosocial programs. However, the strength of evidence is limited due to heterogeneity in interventions and evaluations. The stepped care model was found to be useful in differentiating between programs and level of available evidence. Hobfoll’s five essential elements of mass trauma intervention provide an additional means of guiding program content and assessments, particularly for universal programs. Identified gaps in evidence included groups likely to be at most risk: preschool children, ethnically diverse groups, those with disability, and social disadvantage. There were promising indications of program benefits for groups with repeated exposure to natural disasters.
Overlap between general factors of psychopathology and personality: They share associations with daily life functioning and communication style
Authors: van der Linden Dimitri , Dunkel Curtis S. , Prinzie Peter , Yamanaka-Altenstein Misa , von Wyl Agnes , Hengartner Michael P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that specific personality dimensions, -e.g., the Big Five-, consistently intercorrelate, such that they form a general factor of personality (GFP). It has been hypothesized that the GFP reflects social effectiveness. Similarly, in the clinical domain, overlap between various psychopathological symptoms has also been reported, leading to a general factor of Psychopathology, orpfactor. The aim of this study was to test the overlap between the higher-order factors in personality and psychopathology, and how they relate to daily life functioning and communication style. We tested a sample of 165 outpatients of a psychological therapy institute, using a multi-source approach that included self-reports and other ratings. The outpatients’ self-reports of personality, general psychological problems, and interpersonal problems were available. Psychotherapists rated the outpatients’ functioning in daily life with the well-knownGlobal Assessment of Functioning(GAF) scale. A spouse or friend also rated the impact of the patient’s communication/social behavior. Patients with lower GFP scores and higher scores on general psychopathology, displayed more distress and daily functioning deficits (i.e., lower GAF scores) and, in terms of communication styles, were also rated as being less dominant, less in control socially, and more submissive and aggressive. We proposed that part of the overlap between the general factors (GFP,psychopathologyfactors) may relate to a lower general life functioning and less social effectiveness.
Social and Active Inclusion of the Elderly in the City Through Affective Walkability
Authors: Bandini Stefania , Gasparini Francesca 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe development of cities aware of the needs of all citizens is a priority, especially in the case of elderly people. In this context, particular attention should be paid to the analysis of walkability. It has been proved that performing walking activities produces significant benefits both for physical and mental health, above all in elderly subjects. Besides traditional criteria adopted to evaluate walkability, we here propose a novel approach defined affective walkability. Being able to interpret the emotions of elderly walking in the urban environment and interacting with vehicles and other citizens, it is possible to evaluate if and to which extent an environment is perceived safe, comfortable and walkable. One way to obtain quantitative measures of walkability is to assess safety perception relying on physiological signals that can be considered indicators of emotions and mood. The assessment of affective walkability requires the design and performance of rigorous experiments to properly collect data. In this paper, the proposal of an affective walkability is presented and the developed experimental protocols, their performance and preliminary results are illustrated.
Suitability of reclaimed wastewater effluent from decentralized wastewater plant for irrigation
Authors: Al Hadidi Nour , Al Hadidi Majeda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDecentralized wastewater plants have been proven to be cost-effective, easy to construct and operate and widely used in small ruler communities. The suitability of reclaimed wastewater for irrigation purpose was evaluated in this study based on the various water quality parameters, international water quality standards and water–irrigation water quality guideline (JS 1766). Twenty-seven samples were collected from a decentralized wastewater plant that is located in Balqa Governorate in Salt city, Jordan. Samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, major anions and cations, as well as biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids. Study results show that water is slightly alkaline in nature. According to Jordanian domestic reclaimed wastewater standard, the use of water for irrigation has a mild-to-moderate degree of restriction. Using the US Salinity Laboratory classification scheme, there is high salinity and medium sodium water, 50% of samples falls in the area of (C3-S2) and this water is suitable for irrigation for many types of soil with low risk of increasing exchangeable sodium content. According to chloride hazards, the water for irrigation can be used for moderately tolerant plants. 74% of the samples have the residual sodium carbonate (RSC) less than 1.25 meq/L and hence suitable for irrigation. The study recommends that treated wastewater from decentralized wastewater a plant is considered as non-conventional source for irrigation.
Characterization of the firm–firm public procurement co-bidding network from the State of Ceará (Brazil) municipalities
Authors: Lyra Marcos S. , Curado António , Damásio Bruno , Bação Fernando , Pinheiro Flávio L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFraud in public funding can have deleterious consequences for societies’ economic, social, and political well-being. Fraudulent activity associated with public procurement contracts accounts for losses of billions of euros every year. Thus, it is of utmost relevance to explore analytical frameworks that can help public authorities identify agents that are more susceptible to irregular activities. Here, we use standard network science methods to study the co-bidding relationships between firms that participate in public tenders issued by the 184 municipalities of the State of Ceará (Brazil) between 2015 and 2019. We identify 22 groups/communities of firms with similar patterns of procurement activity, defined by their geographic and activity scopes. The profiling of the communities allows us to highlight organizations that are more susceptible to market manipulation and irregular activities. Our work reinforces the potential application of network analysis in policy to unfold the complex nature of relationships between market agents in a scenario of scarce data.
Neues zur Therapie des Pankreaskarzinoms: Hoffnung am Horizont?
Authors: Wenning Anna Silvia , Ryser Christoph O. , Andreou Andreas , Gloor Beat , Berger Martin D. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Pankreaskarzinom stellt sowohl eine therapeutische Herausforderung dar: für den Chirurgen auf Grund der anatomischen Nähe zu vitalen Arterien und Venen, welche eine onkologische Resektion mit weitem Sicherheitsabstand oft nicht zulassen, für den Onkologen aufgrund der im Vergleich zu anderen Malignomen des Gastrointestinaltrakts limitierten Wirksamkeit einer Systemtherapie. Viele klinische Studien, welche interessante therapeutische Ansätze prüften, verliefen bisher frustran. Im Gegensatz zu anderen soliden Tumoren, bei denen Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren (ICI) mit Erfolg eingesetzt werden, ist dieser Ansatz bisher lediglich Patienten mit Mikrosatelliten-instabilen Pankreaskarzinomen (< 1 %) vorbehalten. Präliminäre Daten deuten jedoch auf neue Behandlungsansätze mit ICI in Kombination mit Chemotherapeutika hin. Neue Chemotherapie-Ansätze zielen auf die verbesserte Verfügbarkeit der zytotoxischen Substanzen an der Tumorzelle ab. Ermutigende Ansätze zeichnen sich auch bei den treibermutationsgerichteten Behandlungen ab, deren Effektivität zurzeit in laufenden Studien geprüft wird. Für alle mittels Resektion behandelbaren Karzinome gilt, dass die Therapie durch eine Chemotherapie – sei es neoadjuvant oder adjuvant – ergänzt werden soll. Bei metastasierten, respektive nichtresezierbaren, Pankreaskarzinomen sollte bereits früh im diagnostischen Algorithmus ein NGS durchgeführt werden, um in der Subgruppe von KRAS–Wildtyp-Tumoren potenziell medikamentös angehbare Zielstrukturen zu identifizieren.
Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Thrombomodulin for the Prophylaxis of Veno-Occlusive Complication in Allogeneiccit Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kashyap Richi , Anwer Faiz , Iqbal Muhammad Areeb , Khalid Farhan , Khan Anam , Ali Muhammad Ashar , Anwar Muhammad Yasir , Chaudhary Anamika , Jaan Ali 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD), also termed as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), is a lethal complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Various factors put patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT at an increased risk for VOD. Thrombomodulin (TM) is an important factor which has a wide range of effects, including anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and protective effect, on endothelial cells. It plays a role in preventing excessive coagulation and thrombosis by binding with thrombin and inhibiting the coagulation cascade. There are a limited number of options for the prevention of this fatal complication. Recombinant thrombomodulin (rTM), an endothelial anticoagulant co-factor, as prophylactic therapy might be able to prevent veno-occlusive complications after stem cell transplantation.

Methods:
A literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. We used the following Mesh terms and Emtree terms, “Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Diseases” OR “Sinusoidal Obstruction” OR “Stem Cell Transplantations” AND “Thrombomodulin” from the inception of data up to April 1, 2021. The PICO (Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) framework was used for the literature search.

Results:
For the VOD incidence after HSCTstem cell transplantation, the result was in favor of rTM with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.53 (I2 = 0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32–0.89). The incidence of transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) after HSCT was reduced in rTM group. The RR for incidence of TA-TMA was 0.48 (I2 = 62%, 95% CI = 0.20–1.17) favoring rTM. The RR for incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) was also lower in rTM group, 0.48 (I2 = 64%, 95% CI = 0.32–0.72).

Conclusion:
In our meta-analysis, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of rTM in the prevention of SOS after HSCT. According to our results, rTM use led to a significant reduction in SOS episodes, TA-TMA, and GvHD after HSCT.
Association of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion with Trauma Outcomes and Access to Rehabilitation among Young Adults: Findings Overall, by Race and Ethnicity, and Community Income Level
Authors: Metzger Gregory A. , Asti Lindsey , Quinn John P. , Chisolm Deena J. , Xiang Henry , Deans Katherine J. , Cooper Jennifer N. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Low-income young adults disproportionately experience traumatic injury and poor trauma outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid expansion, in its first 4 years, on trauma care and outcomes in young adults, overall and by race, ethnicity, and ZIP code-level median income.

Study Design
Statewide hospital discharge data from 5 states that did and 5 states that did not implement Medicaid expansion were used to perform difference-in-difference (DD) analyses. Changes in insurance coverage and outcomes from before (2011-2013) to after (2014-2017) Medicaid expansion and open enrollment were examined in trauma patients aged 19 to 44 years.

Results
Medicaid expansion was associated with a decrease in the percentage of uninsured patients (DD –16.5 percentage points; 95% CI, –17.1 to –15.9 percentage points). This decrease was larger among Black patients but smaller among Hispanic patients than White patients. It was also larger among patients from lower-income ZIP codes (p < 0.05 for all). Medicaid expansion was associated with an increase in discharge to inpatient rehabilitation (DD 0.6 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.9 percentage points). This increase was larger among patients from the lowest-compared with highest-income ZIP codes (p < 0.05). Medicaid expansion was not associated with changes in in-hospital mortality or readmission or return ED visit rates overall, but was associated with decreased in-hospital mortality among Black patients (DD –0.4 percentage points; 95% CI, –0.8 to –0.1 percentage points).

Conclusions
The Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion, in its first 4 years, increased insurance coverage and access to rehabilitation among young adult trauma patients. It also reduced the socioeconomic disparity in inpatient rehabilitation access and the disparity in in-hospital mortality between Black and White patients.

Visual Abstract
Congenital inferior turbinate hypertrophy: an overlooked entity in newborns and review of the literature
Authors: C A Rahim N A , Saniasiaya J , Kulasegarah J 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal nasal obstruction may result in respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, sleep apnoea and failure to thrive; hence, it requires thorough evaluation and prompt intervention. Congenital inferior turbinate hypertrophy is relatively uncommon, and its presentation can mimic other congenital nasal anomalies.RelevanceThis paper reports two cases of congenital inferior turbinate hypertrophy in neonates that resulted in significant respiratory distress, feeding difficulties and sleep disturbance. Both patients were successfully treated surgically by endoscopic nasal dilatation and stenting. A literature search was performed to identify articles on congenital inferior turbinate hypertrophy in neonates and its management.ConclusionAlbeit rare, congenital inferior turbinate hypertrophy should be considered a differential diagnosis in newborns presenting with respiratory distress at birth.