bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriate amount of TiB2 particles causes the ductile fracture of the un-weldable spray-formed 7055 aluminium alloy TIG-welded joint
Authors: Huang Ting , Xu Junhua , Yu Lihua , Cheng Yun , Hu Yunxuan , Zhang Hao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Spray-formed 7055 aluminium alloy is often referred to as an un-weldable aluminium alloy because of the low strength and high brittleness of the fusion welding joints prepared using the traditional welding wires. In this study, new welding wires with different content of TiB2 particles were developed, and the spray-formed 7055 aluminium alloy was welded using these wires in conjunction with the use of the TIG welding method. The microstructure and tensile properties of the TIG-welded joints were investigated. The results show that TiB2-7055 welded joints gradually change from coarse grain to fine equiaxial grain as a function of the content of TiB2 particles, and their tensile strengths and elongations first increase and then decrease. The tensile strength and elongation of 0 wt.% TiB2-7055, 0.5 wt.% TiB2-7055, 1.5 wt.% TiB2-7055 and 3.0 wt.% TiB2-7055 welds are 245 MPa and 1.5%, 270 MPa and 2.0%, 310 MPa and 5.4%, and 285 MPa and 2.4%, respectively. The tensile strength and elongation of the 1.5 wt.% TiB2-7055 weld were the highest, showing ductile fracture. The developments of new welding wires which consist of TiB2 particles promote additional applications of the spray-formed 7055 aluminium alloy.
Must Justice be a Goal for the Arbitrator?
Authors: Mayer Pierre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Justice is the goal which every arbitrator wants to achieve. However, “justice”, in the field of adjudication of disputes, may mean two different things. It may first mean: rendering an award, the content of which is in conformity with what the facts are and how the law applies to them. While this is the ordinary goal of the arbitrators, does it entail, for instance, that he or she must interfere if counsel for one party misses an essential argument? And should he or she accept the production of a new document, which might well be essential, although the production of documents at this stage of the proceedings is barred by the procedural rules? There are different answers to these two questions. The other notion of justice is synonymous to equity or fairness. It may conflict with justice in the first sense, and the question arises whether the former should prevail over the latter; here, again, different views are held.
Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatographic and Densitometric Methods for Sensitive Determination of Xipamide and Triamterene in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Authors: Fares N V , El Fiky Haitham A , Badawey Amr M , Abd El Ghany Maha F 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundValidated ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) densitometric methods were prescribed for determination of antihypertensive components.ObjectiveTo establish and validate rapid and accurate UPLC and TLC densitometric methods for determination of Xipamide and Triamterene in pure and dosage forms.MethodsThe first method, UPLC, depended on using an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C8 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) column, a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-water (70 + 30, v/v) adjusted by acetic acid to obtain pH 3, 0.2 mL/min flow rate, and UV detection at 231.4 nm. The second method was a TLC densitometric method. Separation was achieved by using toluene-methanol-ethyl chloride-acetic acid (7 + 2 + 1 + 0.2, v/v/v) as the mobile phase, pre coated silica gel plates as the stationary phase, and UV detection at 300.0 nm.ResultsThe obtained results were validated and statistically compared with official and reported methods. The obtained results showed high accuracy and reproducible results with excellent mean recoveries for both drugs.ConclusionThe UPLC method showed shorter retention time for both Xipamide (0.88 min) and Triamterene (0.63 min), a lower detection limit of less than 0.055 µg/mL for both drugs with high selectivity, decreased injection volume (1 µL), and a lower flow rate than any HPLC method. Both proposed methods were sensitive, selective, and effectively applied to pure and dosage forms (Epitens®).HighlightsUnprecedented sensitive, rapid, and reproducible UPLC and TLC methods were developed for selective determination of mixtures of Xipamide and Triamterene, with LOD os less than 0.076 µg/mL for both drugs.
Daily vaginal temperature in Girolando cows from three different genetic composition under natural heat stress
Authors: Carvalheira Luciano de Rezende , Wenceslau Raphael Rocha , Ribeiro Lilian dos Santos , de Carvalho Bruno Campos , Borges Álan Maia , Camargo Luiz Sérgio de Almeida 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The present trial evaluated the effect of crossbred composition and Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) on vaginal temperature (VT) of Girolando dairy cows maintained under tropical pasture during warm seasons. The VT was monitored along 41 to 96 h in 615 Girolando cows with different Holstein (H) × Gir genetic composition (1/2 H = 284, 3/4 H = 248, and 7/8 H = 83) from six Brazilian farms in the summer of 2016 and 2017. VT of each cow at each hour of the day and the respective THI were averaged per hour across all monitoring days to generate an averaged value for VT and THI during 24 h. A linear mixed model with repeated measures using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method for (co)variance components estimation procedure was employed. The final model adjusted the VT for the effects of cow, time, THI, farm, year, pregnancy status, body condition score (BCS), milk yield, genetic composition, and genetic composition*time interaction. Fixed effects were evaluated by ANOVA and tested with Tukey test in R software version 3.6.1 (R Core Team, 2019). Overall mean of VT, air temperature (AT), and THI were 39.06 ± 0.52 °C, 25.63 ± 0.40 °C, and 75.06 ± 3.96, respectively. VT had moderate positive correlation with THI (r² = 0.45, P &lt; 0.001) and AT (r² = 0.46, P &lt; 0.001). The VT had estimated linear increase of 0.05 °C for each THI unit increase (P &lt; 0.001). Least square mean of VT varied among the farms (P &lt; 0.001), pregnancy status (P &lt; 0.001), and BCS (P &lt; 0.05) but not for Milk yield (P &gt; 0.05). The daily average VT was affected by genetic composition (P &lt; 0.001) with highest temperature for 3/4 H (39.08 ± 0.06 °C a) and 7/8 H (39.09 ± 0.06 °C a) and lowest temperature for 1/2 H (38.95 ± 0.06 °C b). The difference of VT among the three crossbred groups varied in function of the time of the day, from 12:00 to 20:00 h (P &lt; 0.001), with 3/4 Holstein and 7/8 Holstein cows reaching similar VT, above to the upper limit 39.1 °C and higher than 1/2 Holstein cows during all this period. In conclusion, Girolando cows are sensitive to heat stress in tropical condition during warm seasons. Moreover, Girolando cows with genetic composition higher than 3/4 Holstein display reduced thermoregulatory efficiency. Therefore, Girolando cows in tropical dairy farms require strategies to mitigate heat stress according to their genetic composition.
Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to tissue plasminogen activator resistance in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhang Shuoqi , Cao Yuze , Du Jingwen , Liu Huan , Chen Xiaojing , Li Mengdi , Xiang Mengqi , Wang Chengyue , Wu Xiaoming , Liu Langjiao , Wang Chunli , Wu Yinsong , Li Zhuxin , Fang Shaohong , Shi Jialan , Wang Lihua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCirculating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) resistant to t‐PA have not been studied completely although NETs in thrombi may contribute to tissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA) resistance. This research intended to elucidate whether circulating NETs are associated with t‐PA resistance and the underlying mechanism. The levels of NETs were detected in the circulating neutrophils, ischemic brain tissue of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) models. NET formation in blood, thrombi, and ischemic brain tissue of mice were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Exposed phosphatidylserine (PS) was assessed using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Procoagulant activity (PCA) was evaluated using fibrin formation assays, thrombin, and purified coagulation complex. The plasma levels of NETs in AIS patients were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals. After thrombolysis, a significant increase was noted in NET markers in no‐improvement patients, while the changes in improvement patients were not significant. Importantly, NETs were decorated with von Willebrand factor (vWF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) in the blood and thrombi, which could reverse the fibrinolytic effects. In addition, NETs activated platelets (PLTs) and endothelial cells (ECs), stimulating a procoagulant phenotype and facilitating vWF and PAI‐1 release. DNase I, activated protein C (APC), and sivelestat markedly inhibited these effects. Furthermore, targeting NETs protected mice from tMCAO‐induced cerebral ischemia, possibly by regulating vWF and PAI‐1. In summary, NETs may contribute to t‐PA resistance in AIS through activation of PLTs and ECs. Strategies against NETs may present a promising therapeutic approach to improve the thrombolysis efficiency of t‐PA in AIS patients.
Plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations related to endovascular ultrasound renal denervation in the RADIANCE-HTN SOLO trial
Authors: Fisher Naomi D.L. , Kirtane Ajay J. , Daemen Joost , Rader Florian , Lobo Melvin D. , Saxena Manish , Abraham Josephine , Schmieder Roland E. , Sharp Andrew S.P. , Gosse Philippe , Claude Lisa , Song Yang , Azizi Michel 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
The RADIANCE-HTN SOLO trial demonstrated a greater reduction in daytime ambulatory SBP at 2 months by endovascular ultrasound renal denervation than sham procedure. We hypothesized that plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations would be associated with the SBP response to renal denervation.

Methods:
Hypertensive patients were randomized to renal denervation (n = 74) or sham (n = 72) after a 4-week washout of antihypertensive medications. In a 53-patient subset, 2-month and 6-month plasma renin and aldosterone concentration were measured. Dietary sodium was not controlled.

Results:
Mean age of the 29 treatment and 24 sham patients was 54 years; 62% were men; 17% black. Daytime ambulatory SBP fell in the denervation but not the sham group at 2 months (−7.8 ± 10.7 vs. −0.1 ± 10.1 mmHg; P = 0.048). Baseline plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations were in the low-normal range, did not change significantly at 2 months in either group and did not predict response to renal denervation. At 6 months, after the addition of antihypertensive medications, there was a significant rise in renin in the sham but not the denervation group.

Conclusion:
Although renal denervation but not sham resulted in a decrease in daytime ambulatory SBP at 2 months, renin and aldosterone concentrations did neither predict the BP response to renal denervation; nor did they fall after denervation. A rise in renin at 6 months in the sham group likely represents confounding from antihypertensive medications. Whether the BP-lowering effect of renal denervation depends on reducing local intrarenal renin release requires further study.
Comparative Propensity Matched Outcomes in Severe COVID-19 Respiratory Failure—Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation or Maximum Ventilation Alone
Authors: Mustafa Asif K. , Joshi Devang J. , Alexander Philip J. , Tabachnick Deborah R. , Cross Chadrick A. , Jweied Eias E. , Mody Nitesh S. , Huh Marc H. , Fasih Subia , Pappas Pat S. , Tatooles Antone J. 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
Does extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) improve outcomes in ECMO-eligible patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure compared to maximum ventilation alone (MVA)?

Summary Background Data:
ECMO is beneficial in severe cases of respiratory failure when mechanical ventilation is inadequate. Outcomes for ECMO-eligible COVID-19 patients on MVA have not been reported. Consequently, a direct comparison between COVID-19 patients on ECMO and those on MVA has not been established.

Methods:
A total of 3406 COVID-19 patients treated at two major medical centers in Chicago were studied. One hundred ninety-five required maximum ventilatory support, and met ECMO eligibility criteria. Eighty ECMO patients were propensity matched to an equal number of MVA patients using detailed demographic, physiological, and comorbidity data. Primary outcome was survival and disposition at discharge.

Results:
Seventy-one percent of patients were decannulated from ECMO. Mechanical ventilation was discontinued in 75% ECMO and 16% MVA patients. Twenty-five percent of patients in the ECMO arm expired, 21% while on ECMO, compared with 74% in the MVA cohort. Mortality was significantly lower across all age and BMI groups in the ECMO arm. Sixty-eight percent ECMO and 26% MVA patients were discharged from the hospital. Fewer ECMO patients required long-term rehabilitation. Major complications such as septic shock, ventilator associated pneumonia, inotropic requirements, acute liver and kidney injuries are less frequent among ECMO patients.

Conclusions:
ECMO-eligible patients with severe COVID-19 respiratory failure demonstrate a 3-fold improvement in survival with ECMO. They are also in a better physical state at discharge and have lower overall complication rates. As such, strong consideration should be given for ECMO when mechanical ventilatory support alone becomes insufficient in treating COVID-19 respiratory failure.
Single-shot rAAV5-based Vaccine Provides Long-term Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants
Authors: Liao Guochao , Fan Xingxing , Lau Hungyan , Liu Zhongqiu , Li Chinyu , Xu Zeping , Zhang Yu , Qi Xiaoxiao , Li Dan , Zhu Qing , Chen Liqing , Zhou Hua , Zhu Sisi , Ke Bixia , Pan Hudan , Cong Zhe , Li Yongchao , Feng Qian , Lv Qi , Liu Jiangning , Liang Dan , Li An’an , Hong Wenshan , Li Yebo , Bao Linlin , Zhou Feng , Gao Hongbin , Liang Shi , Huang Bihong , Wu Miaoli , Qin Chuan , Ke Changwen , Liu Liang 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThe COVID-19 pandemic and the SARS-CoV-2 with its variants have posed unprecedented challenges worldwide. Existing vaccines have limited effectiveness against the SARS-CoV-2 variants. Therefore, novel vaccines to match current mutated viral lineages with long-term protective immunity are urgently in demand. In the current study, we for the first time designed a recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus 5 (rAAV5)-based vaccine named as rAAV-COVID-19 vaccine (Covacinplus) by using RBD-plus of spike protein with both the single-stranded and the self-complementary AAV5 delivering vectors (ssAAV5 and scAAAV5), which provides excellent protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. A single dose vaccination induced the strong immune response against SARS-CoV-2. The induced neutralizing antibodies (NAs) titers were maintained at a high peak level of over 1:1024 even after more than one year of injection and accompanied with functional T-cells responses in mice. Importantly, both ssAAV- and scAAV-based RBD-plus vaccines exhibited high levels of serum NAs against current circulating variants including variants Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta. SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge test showed that ssAAV5-RBD-plus vaccine protected both young and old age mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper and the lower respiratory tracts. Moreover, whole genome sequencing demonstrated that AAV vector DNA sequences were not found in the genome of the vaccinated mice after one year vaccination, demonstrating excellent safety of the vaccine. Taken together, this study suggests that rAAV5-based vaccine is powerful against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants with long-term protective immunity and excellent safety, which has great potential for development into prophylactic vaccination in human to end this global pandemic.
Pericyte control of pancreatic islet blood flow impacts glucose homeostasis
Authors: Tamayo Alejandro , Gonçalves Luciana , Rodriguez-Diaz Rayner , Pereira Elizabeth , Canales Melissa , Caicedo Alejandro , Almaça Joana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe pancreatic islet depends on blood supply to efficiently sense plasma glucose levels and deliver insulin and glucagon into the circulation. Long thought to be passive conduits of nutrients and hormones, islet capillaries were recently found to be densely covered with contractile pericytes, suggesting local control of blood flow. Here we determined the contribution of islet pericytes to the regulation of islet blood flow, plasma insulin and glucagon levels, and glycemia. Selective optogenetic activation of pericytes in intraocular islet grafts contracted capillaries and diminished blood flow. In awake mice, acute clamping of islet blood flow by optogenetic or pharmacological activation of pericytes disrupted hormonal responses, glycemia, and glucose tolerance. Our findings indicate that pericytes mediate vascular responses in the islet that are required for adequate hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis. Vascular deficiencies commonly seen in the islets of people with type 2 diabetes may impair regulation of islet blood flow and thus precipitate islet dysfunction.
Role of green financing and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in technological innovation and corporate environmental performance: a COVID-19 perspective
Authors: Awawdeh Ala Eldin , Ananzeh Mohammed , El-khateeb Ahmad Ibrahiem , Aljumah Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe aim of this study is to estimate the relationship between technological innovation and corporate environmental performance among energy companies working in Egypt.Design/methodology/approachThe study extended the aim with the intention to assess the role of green financing in enhancing corporate environmental performance. Partial least squares (PLS)-based structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to estimate the nexus among study variables.FindingsThe results indicated that technological innovation influenced environmental performance and has a positive impact on company performance. The role of green financing for environmental performance is also significant and positive. Moreover, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has insignificant role in environmental performance of the energy companies in the study context.Research limitations/implicationsThe study offers a valuable model for general managers of manufacturing organizations and policymakers to manage CSR, environmental strategy and green innovation in examining environmental performance. It can help to assist general managers of large manufacturing organizations to strengthen their internal resources like CSR, environmental strategy and green innovation to enhance environmental performance.Practical implicationsThe findings of this article will help the practitioners to design policies regarding sustainable energy systems and green finance in the presence of any natural calamity.Originality/valueThis study primarily complements the existing literature by establishing how green financing and CSR can augment and/or interact between technological innovation and corporate environmental performance under COVID-19 crises, in a developing country.
Minimizing transportation cost of prefabricated modules in modular construction projects
Authors: Almashaqbeh Mohammad , El-Rayes Khaled 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe objective of this research study is to formulate and develop a novel optimization model that enables planners of modular construction to minimize the total transportation and storage costs of prefabricated modules in modular construction projects.Design/methodology/approachThe model is developed by identifying relevant decision variables, formulating an objective function capable of minimizing the total transportation and storage costs and modelling relevant constraints. The model is implemented by providing all relevant planner-specified data and performing the model optimization computations using mixed-integer programming to generate the optimal solution.FindingsA case study of hybrid modular construction of a healthcare facility is used to evaluate the model performance and demonstrate its capabilities in minimizing the total transportation and onsite storage costs of building prefabricated modules.Research limitations/implicationsThe model can be most effective in optimizing transportation for prefabricated modules with rectangular shapes and might be less effective for modules with irregular shapes. Further research is needed to consider the shape of onsite storage area and its module arrangement.Practical implicationsThe developed model supports construction planners in improving the cost effectiveness of modular construction projects by optimizing the transportation of prefabricated modules from factories to construction sites.Originality/valueThe original contributions of this research is selecting an optimal module truck assignment from a feasible set of trucks, identifying an optimal delivery day of each module as well as its location and orientation on the assigned truck and complying with relevant constraints including the non-overlap of modules on each truck, shipment weight distribution and aerodynamic drag reduction.
The effect of consumer self-confidence on information search and share intention
Authors: Jamil Khalid , Hussain Zahid , Gul Rana Faizan , Shahzad Muhammad Asim , Zubair Ahsan 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The knowledge about a specific product develops self-confidence among consumers and facilitates them to share and search for information. This study aims to highlight the effects of consumer’s self-esteem on search and share intentions of information. Furthermore, this relationship was analyzed through the mediation of subjective knowledge (SK).

Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 1,136 Chinese respondents having a perception of purchasing cellphones. To analyze the data, check its normality and validity, analysis of moment structures (AMOS) was used. However, to inspect the relationship of study variables, “structural equation modeling” and Hayes and Preacher’s (2014) model were used to mediate the analysis.

Findings
The study results revealed that consumer’s self-confidence (information acquisition confidence, persuasive knowledge confidence, personal outcome decision-making and market interface confidence) affect the information search and share the intention of consumers. Additionally, the presence of SK significantly and positively mediates this relationship.

Originality/value
This study intends to investigate the role of all practical aspects of consumer’s self-confidence in searching and sharing information by mediating the role of SK. Moreover, it used all the possible and useful dimensions, which were ignored by previous studies.