bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating the Digital Realm: An In-depth Analysis of Pregnancy Apps for Maternal Health and Nutrition
Authors: Yadav Poonam , Malik Poonam , Bishnoi Samanta 
Published: December 2024

Due to the rise in nuclear families, many pregnant women utilize mobile applications to get information about pregnancy, labour, and postpartum care. The development of a baby takes nine months from egg to zygote to embryo to fetus to newborn (nine months to be precise). Whatever happens during this period before birth, determines what he is going to be like at the time of birth as well as in later life. Pregnancy is therefore of the utmost significance. Aim of the study was to analyze the already existing pregnancy apps for their content and quality provided on health care during pregnancy and proper nutrition care during prenatal period. To analyze these pregnancy apps, 40 apps available on Google Play Store were downloaded and installed on an Android phone. Each and every app is critically assessed by the investigator for its content and quality based on different criteria using self-structured schedule. Majority of the apps available on play store lacked crucial information related to health care and nutrition during pregnancy. However, it was determined that the material which was available was found accurate and relevant but insufficient. Women are increasingly using mobile apps to access information about pregnancy. There are several pregnancy apps available, however they do not meet the needs of Indian mothers who are expecting. These apps offer information, but it is sparse and difficult to understand. Therefore, it is necessary to create a pregnancy app specifically for Indian mothers that offers adequate information in Hindi and regional dialects.
Implementation of a monthly individualized learning plan with emergency medicine residents
Authors: Getto Leila P. , Drake Joshua , Kern Alyssa , Fredette Jenna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesSelf‐assessment and self‐directed learning (SDL) are integral to developing competent physicians who are lifelong learners. Individualized learning plans (ILPs) are tools to formalize this process and allow for mentors to guide residents in developing these skills. Pediatric residencies have adopted the ILP process and have demonstrated improvement in resident SDL behavior, but to date there have been no EM residencies to adopt the ILP process into resident education.MethodsThe ILP program was designed around three key elements: (1) resident performance of self‐assessment; (2) a collaborative conversation about learning needs and goals; and (3) a shared development of implementation strategies. The program was implemented with 12 PGY1 EM residents in the 2019–2020 academic year. Following an introduction to ILPs during orientation, residents met monthly with program leadership to create and reflect on ILPs. At the conclusion of the academic year, residents were surveyed about their attitude toward the ILP process and SDL.ResultsA total of nine residents completed the postimplementation survey. Prior to implementing the ILP program, residents universally reported that they had little to no experience with generating an ILP. Following implementation, 55% of residents described themselves as strong independent learners and 89% wanted to continue the program into their second year.ConclusionsOverall, residents felt that the ILP program helped to focus their goals, monitor their progress, and allowed them to develop a relationship with program leadership.
3D finite‐element modeling of vascular adaptation after endovascular aneurysm repair
Authors: Zhang Shaojie , Laubrie Joan D. , Mousavi S. Jamaleddin , Avril Stéphane 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAneurysm shrinkage is clinically observed after successful endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). However, global understanding of post‐operative aneurysm evolutions remains weak. In this work, we propose to study these effects using numerical simulation. We set up a 3D finite‐element model of post‐EVAR vascular adaptation within an open‐source finite‐element code, which was initially developed for growth and remodeling (G&R). We modeled the endograft with a set of uniaxial prestrained springs that apply radial forces on the inner surface of the artery. Constitutive equations, momentum balance equations, and equations related to the mechanobiology of the artery were formulated based on the homogenized constrained mixture theory. We performed a sensitivity analysis by varying different selected parameters, namely oversizing and compliance of the stent‐graft, gain parameters related to collagen G&R, and the residual pressure in the aneurysm sac. This permitted us to evaluate how each factor influences post‐EVAR vascular adaptation. It was found that oversizing, compliance or gain parameters have a limited influence compared to that of the residual pressure in the aneurysm sac, which was found to play a critical role in the stability of aneurysm after stent‐graft implantation. An excessive residual pressure larger than 50 mmHg can induce a continuous expansion of the aneurysm while a moderate residual pressure below this critical threshold yields continuous shrinkage of the aneurysm. Moreover, it was found that elderly patients, with relatively lower amounts of remnant elastin in the arterial wall, are more sensitive to the effect of residual pressure. Therefore, these results show that elderly patients may present a higher potential risk of aortic sac expansion due to intra‐aneurysm sac pressure after EVAR than younger patients.
Acoustofluidic platforms for particle manipulation
Authors: Novotny Jakub , Lenshof Andreas , Laurell Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in acoustics for microfluidic applications. This field, commonly known as acoustofluidics involves the interaction of ultrasonic standing waves with fluids and dispersed microparticles. The combination of microfluidics and the so‐called acoustic standing waves (ASWs) led to the development of integrated systems for contact‐less on‐chip cell and particle manipulation where it is possible to move and spatially localize these particles based on the different acoustophysical properties. While it was initially suggested that the acoustic forces could be harmful to the cells and could impact cell viability, proliferation, or function via phenotypic or even genotypic changes, further studies disproved such claims. This review is summarizing some interesting applications of acoustofluidics in the manipulations of biomaterials, such as cells or subcellular vesicles, in works published mainly within the last 5 years.
Does perceived susceptibility and severity of health problems serve as drivers for household enrolment in health insurance? A case study from Nepal
Authors: Acharya Devaraj , Devkota Bhimsen , Kreps Gary L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted from a behaviour change perspective to assess the association between the constructs of Health Belief Model and enrolment in health insurance (HI). A cross‐sectional study was conducted among 810 households in Kailali and Baglung districts. The study used personal interviews to collect data. Perceived susceptibility, severity of diseases, benefits of enrolment, causes of non‐enrolment, interaction with peers/neighbours, and family member's approval to enrol were independent variables and enrolment in HI served as dependent variable. More than half (52%) of the respondents evaluated themselves as not susceptible to health problems. The severity of the health problem was perceived as an economic burden. General treatment and reduction of financial load were perceived as the main benefits of enrolment. Economic status was described as the main barrier to enrol. A vast majority of the respondents had been invited to enrol, and 73% agreed to enrol. Perceived susceptibility and severity of health problems were significantly associated with HI enrolment but were not significant predictors. However, peers' requests to register in HI, discussion with relatives, and family members' approval to enrol were the most significant predictors enrolment. These factors could be incorporated into future intervention plans for increasing enrolment in HI.
New insights into the effect of fermentation temperature and duration on catechins conversion and formation of tea pigments and theasinensins in black tea
Authors: Hua Jinjie , Wang Huajie , Yuan Haibo , Yin Peng , Wang Jinjin , Guo Guiyi , Jiang Yongwen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe phenol oxidative pathway during fermentation remains unclear. To elucidate the effect of fermentation on phenol conversion, we investigated the effects of fermentation temperature and duration on the conversion of catechins and the formation of theasinensins (TSs), theaflavins (TFs), thearubigins (TRs), and theabrownins (TBs).RESULTSDuring fermentation, TSs formation increased initially and then decreased. Long fermentation durations were unfavorable for liquor brightness (LB) and resulted in the production of large amounts of TRs and TBs. Low fermentation temperatures (20 °C and 25 °C) favored the maintenance of polyphenol oxidase activity and the continuous formation of TFs, TSs, and TRSI (a TRs fraction), resulting in better LB and liquor color. Higher temperatures (30 °C, 35 °C, and 40 °C) resulted in higher peroxidase activity, higher oxidative depletion rates of catechins, and excessive production of TRSII (a TRs fraction) and TBs. Analysis of the conversion pathway of polyphenolic compounds during fermentation showed that, during early fermentation, large amounts of catechins were oxidized and converted to TFs and theasinensin B. As fermentation progressed, considerable amounts of theaflavin‐3′‐gallate, theasinensin A, theaflavin‐3‐gallate, theaflavin‐3,3′‐digallate, and theasinensin C were produced and then converted to TRSI; in the final stage, TRSII and TBs were converted continuously.CONCLUSIONDifferent fermentation temperature and duration combinations directly affected the type and composition of phenolic compounds. The key conditions for controlling phenolic compound conversion and fermentation direction were 60 or 90 min and 25 or 30 °C. Our study provides insights into the regulation of phenolic compound conversion during black tea fermentation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ensuring respiratory phase consistency to improve cardiac function quantification in real‐time CMR
Authors: Chen Chong , Chandrasekaran Preethi , Liu Yingmin , Simonetti Orlando P. , Tong Matthew , Ahmad Rizwan 
Published: October 2021

PurposeTo develop an automatic method for selecting heartbeats with consistent respiratory phase to improve accuracy of cardiac function quantification in real‐time (RT) cardiac MRI.MethodsThe respiratory signal is extracted by a principal component analysis method from RT cine images. Then, a two‐step procedure is used to determine the directionality (sign) of the respiratory signal. With the motion in a manually selected region‐of‐interest as a reference, the quality of the extracted respiratory signal is assessed using multislice RT cine data from 11 volunteers and 10 patients. In addition, the impact of selecting heartbeats with consistent respiratory phase on the cardiac function quantification is evaluated.ResultsThe extracted respiratory signal using the proposed method exhibits a high, positive correlation with the reference in all cases and is more robust compared to a recently proposed method. Also, for right ventricular function quantification, selecting heartbeats at expiratory position improves agreement between RT cine and breath‐held reference.ConclusionThe proposed method enables fully automatic extraction and directionality determinations of respiratory signal from RT cardiac cine images, allowing accurate cardiac function quantification.
Impact of settings and culture on nurses’ knowledge of and attitudes and perceptions towards people with dementia: An integrative literature review
Authors: Yaghmour Sara Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWell‐trained nurses are required to support dementia patients; however, the quality of the provided dementia nursing care can be impacted by nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards people with dementia.AimTo obtain an overview of the current nursing practice towards people with dementia around the world.DesignAn integrated literature review was conducted based on Whittemore and Knafl's method.ResultsA total of 72 articles met the inclusion criteria. Three main themes were identified: (1) nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards dementia; (2) nursing experience of caring for people with dementia in acute and community care settings; and (3) dementia nursing care across health regions.ConclusionNurses play the role of facilitators in the efficient delivery of quality care for dementia patients. A variety of attitudes and perceptions towards people with dementia were found to be triggered by the severity of dementia, religion, ethnicity and gender.Implications for practiceHealthcare organisations and educational settings need to coordinate and function together to improve nurses’ knowledge and encourage positive attitudes towards people with dementia.
The effect of charged residue substitutions on the thermodynamics of protein‐surface interactions
Authors: Ortega Gabriel , Aguilar Miguel A. , Gautam Bishal K. , Plaxco Kevin W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe interactions of proteins with surfaces are important in both biological processes and biotechnologies. In contrast to decades of study regarding the biophysics of proteins in bulk solution, however, our mechanistic understanding of the biophysics of proteins interacting with surfaces remains largely qualitative. In response, we have set to explore quantitatively the thermodynamics of protein‐surface interactions. In this work, we explore systematically the role of electrostatics in modulating the interaction between proteins and charged surfaces. In particular, we use electrochemistry to explore the extent to which a macroscopic, hydroxyl‐coated surface held at a slightly negative potential affects the folding thermodynamics of surface‐attached protein variants with different composition of charged amino acids. Doing so, we find that attachment to the surface generally leads to a net stabilization, presumably due to excluded volume effects that reduce the entropy of the unfolded state. The magnitude of this stabilization, however, is strongly correlated with the charged‐residue content of the protein. In particular, we find statistically significant correlations with both the net charge of the protein, with greater negative charge leading to less stabilization by the surface, and with the number of arginines, with more arginines leading to greater stabilization. Such findings refine our understanding of protein‐surface interactions, providing in turn a guiding rationale to achieve the functional deposition of proteins on artificial surfaces for implementation in, for example, protein‐based biotechnologies.
Thea: empowering the therapeutic alliance of children with ASD by multimedia interaction
Authors: Francese Rita , Risi Michele , Tortora Genoveffa , Di Salle Francesco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Therapeutic Alliance (TA) between patient and health provider (therapist or clinician) is one of the most relevant factors for the success of a therapy. In the case of people suffering from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the alliance is extended to all the people involved in their care (i.e., teachers, therapists, clinicians, relatives). In this paper, we propose a multimedia application named Thea for empowering the TA of children with ASD by improving the communication among the TA members, sharing guidelines, multimedia contents, and strategies to comply with challenging behaviors and progress with particular attention towards end-users who are occasional smart-users. A detailed process for empowering the TA members by enhancing the informed interaction among all of them is proposed and implemented. A vocal assistant also supports patients/caregivers and therapists in documenting their activity with the person with ASD by recording videos in a free-hand modality. After a contextual analysis based on Thematic Analysis Template, Thea has been implemented using a user-centered development approach. We performed three iterations involving the end-users. A user study is performed at the third iteration. Results of the user study revealed a positive attitude towards the application. In particular, the perception of empowerment of participants increased after the tool had been used. We also highlighted the guidelines and tools that may be adopted for empowering different kinds of patients. The first results seem to suggest that the use of Thea may increase the belief of the caregivers of a person with ASD to be able to better take care of her, in a more controlled and informed way.
Microeconomics of Metabolism: The Warburg Effect as Giffen Behaviour
Authors: Yamagishi Jumpei F. , Hatakeyama Tetsuhiro S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetabolic behaviours of proliferating cells are often explained as a consequence of rational optimization of cellular growth rate, whereas microeconomics formulates consumption behaviours as optimization problems. Here, we pushed beyond the analogy to precisely map metabolism onto the theory of consumer choice. We thereby revealed the correspondence between long-standing mysteries in both fields: the Warburg effect, a seemingly wasteful but ubiquitous strategy where cells favour aerobic glycolysis over more energetically efficient oxidative phosphorylation, and Giffen behaviour, the unexpected consumer behaviour where a good is demanded more as its price rises. We identified the minimal, universal requirements for the Warburg effect: a trade-off between oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis and complementarity, i.e. impossibility of substitution for different metabolites. Thus, various hypotheses for the Warburg effect are integrated into an identical optimization problem with the same universal structure. Besides, the correspondence between the Warburg effect and Giffen behaviour implies that oxidative phosphorylation is counter-intuitively stimulated when its efficiency is decreased by metabolic perturbations such as drug administration or mitochondrial dysfunction; the concept of Giffen behaviour bridges the Warburg effect and the reverse Warburg effect. This highlights that the application of microeconomics to metabolism can offer new predictions and paradigms for both biology and economics.
Challenging hydro-hegemony of India: resistance of Nepal in the Upper Karnali and Saptakoshi dam project
Authors: Tandan Promod 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe hydropolitical interaction of Nepal and India can be well defined within the framework of hydro-hegemony. Two case studies of hydro-hegemony and counter-hegemony are illustrated in this paper, unleashing the approach of resistance from the vantage point of Nepal: Upper Karnali and Saptakoshi high dam. Both case studies share a common norm that Nepal, as a small state, has been providing access to the Indian hydro-hegemony, which has compelled it to slowly cede its rights from its water resources. As such, in a historical manner, Nepal is not only losing the opportunity of capitalising on its water resources, but also fixing itself in a vulnerable position in terms of the water securitisation. However, for the two projects lying entirely within the (political) territory of Nepal, the state-level resistance is still feasible to deter and deflect the unintended detrimental effect on Nepal.
Saphenous Vein Graft Disease Interventions
Authors: Rao Sarita , Rao K. Roshan , Kumar Achukatla 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the current era, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is being increasingly performed using total arterial revascularization or a hybrid procedure of stenting of non-LAD disease and minimal access left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to LAD grafts, in order to minimize the need for vein grafts. Still, we encounter saphenous vein graft (SVG) disease, and it might require PCI, which often presents with unique challenges. The current favored strategy is to attempt PCI of the native coronary, if feasible, especially in long degenerated SVG disease, as it has shown better short- and long-term outcome. PCI is preferred over repeat CABG for early recurrent symptoms after CABG in patent LIMA graft and amenable anatomy patients. Balloon predilatation is not recommended unless delivery of an EPD or stent is not possible. Distal protection should be considered the standard of care for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in most patients with older vein grafts, as periprocedural myocardial infarction and no reflow are the Achilles heel of SVG PCI. Intragraft vasodilators should be used liberally, even before balloon angioplasty/stenting. Avoid postdilatation, and usage of undersized but a longer stent length to reduce plaque extrusion through stent struts is preferred. Consider thrombectomy in lesions with a heavy thrombus burden. Keep activated clotting time on the higher side than in conventional PCI. Prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) based on the DAPT score is recommended. With all the precautions and care, we still need a fair wind in our favor to sail through the vein grafts disease.
Direct Detection of Beta-Lactamase Mediated Antibiotic Resistance In Clinical Specimens
Authors: Bevins Nick , Suhandynata Raymond , Caraballo Mauricio , Reed Sharon , Dorrestein Pieter , Fitzgerald Robert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance mediated by beta-lactamase enzyme expression is a serious and growing threat. The typical workflow in a clinical microbiology lab leading to identification of beta-lactamase expressing organisms typically requires 48 to 72 hours and involves multiple manual steps. Empiric treatment with potentially ineffective antibiotics often occurs before susceptibility testing results are available. Objective: The objective of our study was to determine if beta-lactamase activity could be detected in clinical urine samples to provide same-day rule-out of select empiric treatment regimens for urinary tract infections. Methods: We acquired urine samples from 40 patients with extended spectrum beta-lactamase expressing (ESBL) infections and 100 patients without ESBL infection as determined by standard culture and sensitivity methods. These samples were incubated with spiked beta-lactam antibiotics susceptible to ESBL degradation (ceftriaxone, cefazolin, and oxacillin) or resistant to ESBL degradation (meropenem). Results: Hydrolysis of spiked drug was detected after a 4 hour incubation with either liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) methods. A 100 to 1000 fold reductions in measured concentrations of spiked ceftriaxone, cefazolin, or oxacillin were observed with LC-MS or MALDI-TOF methods for all 40 ESBL containing specimens and unchanged concentrations of spiked drug were observed in all 100 non-ESBL containing specimens. Concentration of spiked meropenem (resistant to ESBL degradation) were unchanged in all specimens after incubation regardless of ESBL status. Addition of a beta-lactamase inhibitor prevented ESBL degradation of ceftriaxone, cefazolin, and oxacillin demonstrating that beta-lactamase activity (and not another method of drug degradation or signal masking) is being detected. Incubation times as long as 24 hours (to determine method specificity) and as short as 30 minutes (to determine method sensitivity) all showed robust discrimination between ESBL-containing and non-ESBL containing specimens. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that beta-lactamase activity can be robustly detected in urine samples days before culture and susceptibility results could be available. Clinical utilization of the assay described would enable clinicians to reduce ineffective empiric treatment of ESBL urinary infections.