bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of orifice size on quality characteristics of burger made from spent laying duck meat
Authors: Md Fauzi N F , Huda N , Adzitey F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of orifice size (4.5, 6, 8 and 10 mm) on the quality characteristics and acceptability of duck burger made from spent laying Khaki Campbell duck meat. Large orifice size resulted in lower fat and protein content compared to small orifice size. Hardness value also decreased significantly (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the diameter of shrinkage, cooking loss and colour of the burger. However, the hardness value decreased significantly with an increase in orifice size. The sensory evaluation showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) within the samples, but the overall acceptability score for burger prepared using 10 mm grind size was higher compared to those prepared at 4.5, 6 and 8 mm orifice sizes. Hence the 10 mm grind size was adopted as the optimum orifice size for spent laying Khaki Campbell duck burger.
Chemical properties of nira aren (Arenga pinnata) from Lareh Sago Halaban District of West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini O R , Purwati E , Kurnia Y F , Sukma A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nira is the fresh liquor taken from the Palm Plant (Arenga pinnata). On the local method, Nira has harvested twice a day, in the morning and the afternoon. Ten hours of spontaneously fermented incubation had faced by the Nira before it ready to serve. The study aimed to determine the chemical properties of Nira, likely protein, fat content, water content, pH, and TTA (Total Titrable Acid) of the Lareh Sago Halaban District. The method used was the descriptive method and analysis in the laboratory. The sample of this study was taken from four different sub-district, which are Padang Tangah (NPT), Batu Payung (NBP), Sitanang (NST), and Lareh nan Panjang (NLP). The result revealed that the protein content was 0,33% -0,38%. The highest was in NPT Nira, 0,14% -0,44% fat content and the highest was in NBP nira, 87,46% -90,29% water content and the highest in NST Nira, pH 6,8-7,0 and highest in NPT and NST Nira, Alcohol content 0-0,66% and highest in NBP Nira. Since fermentation spontaneously happens on Nira, there is always a chance to find Microorganisms to applicate on milk fermented to support human health.
Characteristics of Nano Zn-Fitogenik (NZF) made by green synthesis process using guava leaves (Psidium guajava) for feed additives
Authors: Hidayat C , Sumiati  , Wina E , Jayanegara A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to characterize (chemical, biological, and physical) of Nano Zn-Fitogenik (NZF) synthesized using guava leaves (P. guajava) extracted using water. Among the stages conducted in the study were extraction of guava leaves, NZF biosynthesis using green synthesis method, and evaluation of NZF characteristics. Parameters detected in the evaluation of the chemical and biological characteristics of the NZF used a completely randomized experimental (CRD) design using 2 main factors (unheated water versus hot water), where each experimental unit was repeated 3 times. The results of this study revealed that chemical characterization study showed that NZF contained 0.15% dry matter (DM) of total phenol, 12.68% DM Zn, and 22.12 mg ml−1 of antioxidant activity (IC50). NZF had the ability as an antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteridis. FTIR analysis showed that NZF contained phytogenic compounds sourced from guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava). It can be concluded that NZF is a nanoparticle containing Zn and phytogenic compounds (total phenol) which function as an antioxidant and antibacterial. Therefore, NZF has the potential to be used as a feed additive.
Botanical and mineral composition of dominant wild forages for feeding of dairy goats in Payakumbuh Region
Authors: Khalil  , Martaguri Imana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The objectives of this study were (i) to identify the diversity of forages that are usually consumed or fed to the dairy goats, (ii) to assess the mineral composition of dominant forages concerning the soil mineral status of growing areas. Eight dairy goat farms surveyed and collected forage samples to define the diversity and dominant forages used to feed the goat. Samples of three dominant forages (Asystasia gangetica, Axonopus compressus, and Panicum maximum) and soils were then collected in five different areas where the farmers usually derived the forages (banana plantation, idle lands, riverbanks, roadside, and rice field edge). Plant samples were collected by using a plate meter used for the calculation of botanical composition. Fresh samples were then chopped, dried, and then ground in meal form before analysis for dry matter (DM), and minerals of Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, and S. The same minerals were analyzed for soil samples. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design of 5x3 consisting of 3 plant species and five growing areas as replications. Data were statistically analyzed using correlation and variance analysis in Random Block Design (RBD). Results showed of the total about 45 types of plants commonly consumed by goats, there were three dominant species, i.e., P. maximum (38.60%), A. gangetica (24.23%), and A. compressus (17.23%). The Ca content of forages highly correlated with the Ca in the soils, while magnesium in the forage was negatively correlated with the magnesium in the soil. It was concluded that the dominant forages were found a good source of Ca and Mg but deficient phosphorus.
Evaluation of nutrient solution dose and harvest time on forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in hydroponic fodder system
Authors: Sriagtula R , Martaguri I , Sowmen S , Zurmiati  
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the effects of adding nutrient solutions and different harvest ages to the productivity and quality of sorghum forage hydroponically. The study was conducted experimentally using a 3x3 factorial randomized block design with 5 groups. Factor A dose of commercial nutrient solution (0, 3, and 5 ml/l). Factor B is the age of harvest (7, 10, and 13 days). The observed variables were plant productivity, nutrient, fiber fraction, and Hydrogen cianide (HCN) content. The results showed that there was a very significant interaction (P<0.01) between the nutrient solution factor and the age of harvest on the content of dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), ash, and nitrogen free extract (NFE), while the single factor of harvest age had a very significant effect (P<0.01) reducing the content of DM, CP, EE, and NFE. There was no interaction between the addition of nutrient solution and age of harvest to the content of fiber fractions. A single factor in nutrient solution significantly increased (P<0.01) content of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose, and lignin, but not hemicellulose. The conclusion is the addition of a nutrient solution to increase growth and fresh production, the content of CF, ash, ADF, NDF, cellulose, lignin and HCN, but a decrease in the content of DM, CP, EE, and NFE. The longer the harvest age will increase growth and fresh production, the content of CF, ash, ADF, cellulose, lignin and HCN, but reduce DM, CP, EE, and NFE.
Stochastic frontier model for profit efficiency of beef cattle farming during the covid 19 pandemic in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatera Province
Authors: Indrayani Ida , Edwin Tevina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Study aimed to estimate profit efficiency and determine factors affecting the profit efficiency of beef cattle farming in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatera Province. A survey was conducted in West Pasaman regency at October 2020. Respondents consisting of 60 beef cattle farmers were questioned using structural questionnaires. Stochastic Frontier Analysis was used to estimate profit efficiency and factors influencing profit efficiency of beef farm in West Pasaman Regency. Important factors affecting the profit efficiency of beef cattle farming business in West Pasaman Regency were feed price, cost of veterinary medicine, fixed cost, labor cost and number of cattle affecting significant to beef cattle farming profit. The average level of profit efficiency was 39, 4%. Considering the importance of profit efficiency beef cattle farming there is a need for improving level of farmer’s education and experience in beef cattle farming, but farmers should be of productive age.
Growth, carbohydrate accumulation, and productivity of local glutinous corn Bimapulut (Zea mays var. ceratina Kuleshov) after seed priming and coconut coir ash fertilizer application
Authors: Purnama A W , Purwanto E , Solichatun  
Published: November 2021

AbstractSeed priming and applying organic K fertilizer can involve efforts to increase local glutinous corn Bimapulut productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of gibberellin (GA3) as seed priming and coconut coir ash fertilizer on the growth, carbohydrate accumulation, and productivity of Bimapulut corn. The research was conducted using a randomized block design. The main plot was seed priming treatment with gibberellin concentrations of 0, 150, and 300 ppm. As a subplot was the treatment of coconut coir ash fertilizer with fertilizer/soil concentration of 0.00; 0.75; 1.50; 3.00 g/kg; thus, there are 12 treatment combinations. Each treatment was done in three replications. Data were analyzed using separate plot ANOVA with treatment arranged in a factorial. If the treatment is significant, Tukey’s honestly significant difference test will be carried out. The results an interaction between GA3 and coconut coir ash fertilizer on plant height, productivity without corn husks kg/ha, and amylose content but had no significant effect on leaf number, number of cobs per plant, cob length, number of row of seeds per cob, the weight of cob with and without corn husks.
Buto character developing with utilization of firewood waste to eco-friendly eco-artworks
Authors: Munib J A , Sudardi B , Pitana T S , Widayat R , Ardianto D T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Firewood waste is a discarded item, and some people used substitute for stoves or cooking utensils for both industrial and household. Firewood smoke affects the air, environment pollution and global warming. Research used a qualitative method and actions with creative ideas to be prototype by utilizing firewood waste into eco-artworks, several prototypes from wood waste with various types of wood, mahogany, teak, and silk tree/sengon wood waste. They aims to gain a deep understanding programs directed at the creative process in response to environmental damage. Besides being a source education to the public, they can also be used as cultivating sensitivity to protecting the natural environment. In addition, eco-artworks from firewood waste is represented become a eco-friendly concept to relevant program namely reintroducing Indonesian culture, especially for buto character to public.
Growth variation and proline accumulation of Echinacea purpurea cultivated to CaCl2 salinity
Authors: Choirunnisa J P , Widiyastuti Y , Pujiasmanto B , Sakya A T , Yunus A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is classified as medicinal plant comes from North America and not much developed in Indonesia. E. purpurea can be developed by utilizing suboptimal land such as saline land. This study aims to determine the effect of CaCl2 concentration on growth and proline accumulation of three accessions E. purpurea. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and five replications. The first factor is three accessions E. purpurea (accession 1; 2; and 3). The two factor is four concentrations CaCl2 (0; 2500; 5000; and 10000 ppm). The observations are plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and proline accumulation. Data were analyzed using SPSS to test difference. The results showed that highest concentration of CaCl2 can inhibit growth and increase proline accumulation. The highest proline accumulation in accession 2 was 22.8002 µmol g−1, accession 2 as an indicator of accession tolerant to salinity.
Image classification of different clove (Syzygium aromaticum) quality using deep learning method with convolutional neural network algorithm
Authors: Prayogi I Y , Sandra  , Hendrawan Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to classify the quality of dried clove flowers using deep learning method with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm, and also to perform the sensitivity analysis of CNN hyperparameters to obtain best model for clove quality classification process. The quality of clove as raw material in this study was determined according to SNI 3392-1994 by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Pancusari Plantation, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. In total 1,600 images of dried clove flower were divided into 4 qualities. Each clove quality has 225 training data, 75 validation data, and 100 test data. The first step of this study is to build CNN model architecture as first model. The result of that model gives 65.25% reading accuracy. The second step is to analyze CNN sensitivity or CNN hyperparameter on the first model. The best value of CNN hyperparameter in each step then to be used in the next stage. Finally, after CNN hyperparameter carried out the reading accuracy of the test data is improved to 87.75%.
Natural batik dyes from Terminalia bellirica, Ceriop condolleana, Cudrania javanensis and Pelthopherum pterocarpum
Authors: Sarwono  , Darwoto  , Mataram S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aims to apply Terminalia bellirica, Ceriop condolleana, Cudrania javanensis, and Pelthopherum pterocarpum as textile dyes to cotton and silk fabrics. The experimental method was carried out to utilize the waste of Terminalia bellirica, Ceriop condolleana, Cudrania javanensis, and Pelthopherum pterocarpum as natural dyes using alum, lime, and ferrous sulphate fixations. The fixation values of alum, lime, and ferrous sulphate using natural dyes were at level 3 (good) on cotton and level 4 (very good) on silk.
Memedi sawah: environmentally friendly scarecrows for paddy fields
Authors: Widayat R , Ardianto D T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Four decades ago, memedi sawah or traditional scarecrows were commonly used to repel rice-eating sparrows in paddy fields in Java. Nowadays, many farmers use plastic sheets, a non-environmentally friendly material, tied to rows of bamboo sticks in the paddy field to repel sparrows. Memedi sawah is now transformed into works of art and displayed in prestigious art galleries. This study aimed to bring back memedi sawah made from environmental-friendly materials to the paddy fields. The production was done by implementing environmental-friendly design principles and the concept of aèng, a theory of creating Javanese cultural arts. The result of this study is expected to help farmers in protecting paddy plants while preserving the cultural values and spirit of the local community.
Eco-friendly materials in interior design of Pecel Solo restaurant
Authors: Studyanto A B , Purwasito A , Warto  , Widayat R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In Indonesia’s major cities, as well as in Solo, the phenomenon of the growth of restaurants with concepts that present the atmosphere of the past is growing. Pecel Solo testaurant was chosen because, in addition to being a one-of-a-kind building in Solo, it also has a touch of Javanese ethnic. A research that will be observed in the study is how to use ecologically friendly materials in the interior of the Pecel Solo restaurant. The use of environmentally friendly materials in space-forming elements and space fillers is the focus of this research. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with case study methods, with analysis departures from field observation data that pertains to the appearance of the interior. The research found that using environmentally friendly materials in the interior design of Pecel Solo restaurant is a style of sustainable interior design. The research is also intended to serve as a model for using environmentally friendly materials in restaurant interior design.
Effectivity of adding some types of organic manure on red ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. var. rubrum)
Authors: Supriyono  , Astuti M W , Pardono  , Pujiasmanto B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the flowering family (Zingiberaceae). Indonesian potential production of red ginger was about 22 tons Ha−1 within export volume up to 3,000 tons in 2018. This value is completely different from production yields, which decreased every year. Fertilization is one of the cultivation techniques that can increase production. This study aimed to determine the type of organic fertilizer that effectively increases the growth and yield of red ginger. The research was conducted in Jatiyoso, Karanganyar from March to August 2020 with one-factor RCBD and five treatments, it is T0 (Control), T1 (Marketed Manure), T2 (Cow Manure), T3 (Goat Manure), and T4 (Chicken Manure). Plants applied with goat manure (T3) resulted in the highest growth and yield. The growth of red ginger in terms of plant height (72.77 cm), number of tillers (14.93), and weight of fresh straw (30.89 g) tended to be higher in plants applied with goat manure. The yield of fresh rhizome weight and stored rhizome weight applied with goat manure, which is 1033.8 g and 916.8 g, was the highest value above all treatments.
Neuro-fuzzy humidity control for white oyster mushroom in a closed plant production system
Authors: Anta D K , Sandra  , Hendrawan Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Oyster mushrooms grow optimally in relative humidity of 80-90%. As a tropical country, Indonesia is very suitable for oyster mushroom cultivation, but relative humidity must be controlled. The usual effort is ineffective by spraying water to mushroom inside kumbung (mushroom cultivation building) every morning and evening. A building called a Closed Plant Production System (CPPS) equipped with a control system needs to be developed as a solution. The purpose of this study was to design and do a performance test of a neuro-fuzzy based relative humidity control system inside CPPS for white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation. The main components consist of Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, SHT11 sensor, and diaphragm pump connects with mist nozzle as an actuator. The performance test was carried out by running neuro-fuzzy based control system and giving disturbance inside CPPS room. As a result, this control system was able to reach a steady-state condition within 5 minutes. The highest relative humidity error was 0.73%, and the lowest error was 0.09%—the recovery rate of relative humidity inside CPPS when disturbed was 2.25% per minute.
Genetic diversity based on RAPD F2 generation of apple cactus (Cereus spp.)
Authors: Anindyaswari D E , Sukaya  , Muliawati E S , Djoar D W 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Apple cactus consists of 2 types, long spines (Cereus jamacaru) and short spines (C. peruvianus); both are self-incompatible. So that only artificial crosses between species that produce fruit. But some fruits are found from natural crosses of long spines. The three results of these crosses, long spines with short spines; short spines with long spines; and natural crosses on long spines, have produced F2 seedlings. The purpose of this study was to study genetic diversity based on the RAPD of the F2 seedlings. DNA isolation was carried out using Doyle and Doyle method modified on the addition of Polivinilpirolidon. The RAPD technique uses 3 primers: OPD-11, OPM-10, and OPN-5. Analysis of genetic diversity using Simple Matching coefficient using NTSys 2.02 software. Based on the three primers, each F2 offspring had genetic diversity but was grouped according to the parent. Showed that the three RAPD primers were effective for markers of genetic diversity in apple cactus.
Mutation induction in the pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) using colchicine
Authors: Rosmaina  , Elfianis R , Mursanto F , Janna A , Erawati T , Yani L E , Solin N N W M , Zulfahmi  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pineapple is a tropical fruit that has high economic value. Mutation is a method to increase plant diversity which plays an essential role in plant improvement. This study aimed to induce mutations in pineapple using colchicine. This study was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design. The first factor was pineapple genotypes (i.e., Gemilang, Bangka, Queen, and Suska Kualu) and the second factor was colchicine concentration (i.e., 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, and control). There were 16 treatments with five repetitions so the total was 80 experimental units. Observations were made for three months after treatment in the vegetative phase. Observation parameters included leaf shape, leaf color, plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, and length of stomata. This study indicated that the interaction between genotype and colchicine significantly differed in plant height and the number of leaves. Colchicine significantly increased the length of stomata, and genotype significantly affected all observed parameters. This study concluded that 0.05% colchicine significantly increased plant height (26.67%) and the number of leaves (48.98%) in the Gemilang genotype but decreased plant height and leaf number in other genotypes. This study suggests the need for observation of the flowering phase and fruit quality due to colchicine treatment.
Environmental and hydroponics education for children through story book design
Authors: Munib J A , Wulandari E , Astari E M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Children are need education regarding hydroponics and environment. The problems raised in this design are to how to design the appropriate eco-friendly story book media to introduce hydroponics and environmental issues such as climate change and its impact to agriculture. The purpose of this design is to create a picture story book as an effort to introduce hydroponics to children. The research method used was descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques of questionnaire, literature study, and interviews. The media that is considered capable of providing a solution to this problem is a picture story book that contains information about introduction to hydroponics and environment issues with simple hydroponic planting procedures for children.
Shifting waste policy issues at the local level: a case study in Banyumas
Authors: Indiahono D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Waste management in Banyumas Regency entered a new history following the shift on waste management from government management, into community management. This is a breakthrough in the Governance Era and stimulates a greater public role in waste management. However, the policy issues regarding waste have widened, and this study aimed to explain it. Qualitative research was carried out by tracing the issue of waste problems in online mass media, observations, and interviews. The data analysis technique was carried out with interactive analysis techniques. The results showed that the issue of waste problems widened into several issues, including the transfer of local government burden to the public, the destruction of city face, bureaucratic egocentrism, and the inability of non-governmental groups.