bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of addition of bio-additive clove oil to ternary fuel blends (Diesel-Biodiesel-Ethanol) on compression ignition engine
Authors: Nair Jayashri N. , Singh Thokchom Subhaschandra , Raju Vallapudi Dhana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of biodiesel reduces emissions like hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM); but increases nitrogen oxide emissions. Additives inculcated in diesel and biodiesel has served as one of the means to decrease NOx emissions. An attempt is made to investigate the effect of the addition of ethanol and clove oil, to Pongamia biodiesel, on performance and emission characteristics. Pongamia biodiesel was extracted by transesterification using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst. 5% Ethanol and 0.5 and 1 ml clove oil were added to the esters produced. B20 (20% biodiesel + 80% diesel), B20E5 (20% biodiesel + 75% diesel +5% ethanol), B20E5CL0.5 ( 20% biodiesel +75% diesel+5% ethanol +0.5 ml Clove oil) and B20E5CL1 (20% biodiesel + 75% diesel+5% ethanol +1 ml Clove oil) were analysed. The test was performed on a single-cylinder, four-stroke engine connected to an eddy current type dynamometer for loading. The addition of 1ml of antioxidant (clove oil) resulted in an increase in brake thermal efficiency by 8.9% and brake specific fuel consumption marginally by 1.53 %. At higher loads, the B20E5CL1 blend showed a 13% reduction in NOx emission. B20E5CL1 blend also resulted in a reduction in CO emission at higher loads. Ethanol addition to the biodiesel (B20E5 blend) resulted in the highest brake thermal efficiency but at the cost of NOx emissions. Blends with ethanol and clove oil reported good results at higher loads.
Assessment of Spatial Distribution of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Groundwater around Kodungaiyur Dump yard
Authors: Aishwarya R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Municipal solid waste management has become an acute problem due to enhanced economic activities and rapid urbanisation. In most cities, solid waste is disposed of in open dumps without proper lining which has tremendous health issues and environmental effects. Kodungaiyur dump yard chosen for this study is the major toxic dump yard in Chennai. In recent years there has been a serious concern about the deteriorating groundwater quality due to leachate contamination. Despite posing strict rules on pollution of water bodies, water continues to be consistently underappreciated and undervalued. So, the present study is emphasized on the ill effects of leachate percolation on groundwater quality and is also represented spatially to understand the impact of the landfill in the selected area. For this study water samples are collected from 12 bore wells in and around Kodungaiyur dumpsite and they are tested for various Physico-chemical parameters like total alkalinity, total dissolved solids, hardness, conductivity, pH, sulphate, chloride, potassium, sodium, Magnesium, and nitrate. The water samples are also analysed for BOD, COD and heavy metals include Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Ni. The test results are compared with Water quality standards. The spatial distribution of the Physico-chemical parameters is represented in maps prepared using Quantum Geographical Information System (QGIS). The result obtained from testing and spatial representation using GIS helps in monitoring and managing water contamination in the study area.
Optimization of multiple quality characteristics for end milling under dry cutting environment using desirability function
Authors: Sarath V V N , Tamiloli N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Milling AA6082T6 materials is a difficult venture because of their heterogeneity and a slew of problems, inclusive of surface roughness, that get up for the duration of the machining method and are connected to the material’s homes and slicing settings. The optimization of machining parameters is a crucial section inside the manufacturing method. This research introduces a unique approach for improving machining settings whilst milling aluminum alloy. A technique notorious as desirability function analysis (DFA) turned into worn to optimize machining parameters. DFA is a effective tool for optimizing multi-reaction problems. Milling research for aluminum alloy were completed using tungsten carbide end milling inserts in dry situations, based totally on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Multi-response issues, along with machining pressure and surface roughness, are used to optimize machining parameters including feed charge, spindle speed, and depth of reduce. person desirability values from the desirability characteristic analysis are used to create a composite desirability cost for the multi-responses. The most effective ranges of parameters had been discovered based at the composite desirability fee and substantial contribution of parameters has been determined the usage of analysis of variance.
Experimental Investigation on Sound Absorption Property of a Panel Board Using Maize Stem
Authors: Ramshankar P , Sukumar Binu , Kumar S Kishore , Karan V , Karthick C 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this project our aim is to produce a soundproofing board which is made out of Maize stem (stalk). Due to increase in number of industries, factories and vehicle traffic cause serious noise pollution. So to overcome this, use of Sound proofing panels in the structural elements could significantly help to reduce the sound as well as gives a good environment to work. People nowadays demand for a better working environment. Many commercialized sound proofing materials are available in the market, the cost of these materials would be much higher and also it could cause health issues when people are exposed with the material. So use of sound proofing panels made with agro-waste could be a better solution, an attempt has been made to produce a soundproofing board which is made out of stalk portion of maize plant. The board’s sound absorption property is studied in this research by using Impedance test and the cost of maize stem board is cheap enough so that everyone can afford it.
Simulation-Based Comparative Study on Energy Efficiency Criteria for LEED and BREEAM Systems
Authors: Harisankar R , Rakesh P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Energy efficiency is regarded as one of the important elements of green building. Every Green Building Rating (GBR) system puts forward a set of criteria for energy efficiency and it is different for each system. A comparative study is done to distinguish between two GBR systems practiced worldwide-LEED and BREEAM, first on the criteria for energy efficiency and secondly on how efficient and effective each system in energy performance improvement. Building energy simulation tool, eQuest is used to obtain annual energy consumption of a case study multi-family dwelling residential building for its various design options. Different design cases were formulated by changing design parameters and the simulation results thus obtained are used for evaluating the performance improvement for energy, calculated as per the criteria for each system. This study primarily looks for the combinations which grab total achievable credits in energy efficiency for a particular system. For LEED, it was found that renewable energy allocation alone has the greater influence in achieving higher credits. For BREEAM, there requires specifically a considerable decrease in HVAC load which can be brought by the means of more natural ventilation or by adopting passive cooling techniques. BREEAM was also found more effective in reflecting any kind of improvement made in terms of awarding credits.
Studies and Practice of Geometrical Test Procedures & Reconditioning of CNC Lathe Machine Tool
Authors: Beno Jerin , VeeraBhadra Rao M , Das Sunil Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Machining Centres have been major production units for many decades with desired levels of accuracy, economy in costs of production and ease of control. Though new disruptive technologies such as rapid manufacturing, near net shape manufacturing technologies are replacing these machining units, still small and medium Indian Industries go with the conventional ways of large-scale production using conventional and classical machining approaches. With huge setups in place, such machines with high productivity demands, require stringent parts alignment tests frequently from time to time, referred to as Geometrical or Alignment tests to enable accurate finishing and machining of parts and smooth and uninterrupted production. This paper puts forth some basic Geometrical Tests performed on SB CNC 60 Lathe Machine Tool unit, identifying major deviations measurements and reconditioning the machine parts. The main objective of running such tests is to prevent breakdown of the machine and ensure safety working when handling older and heavier conventional machines.
Embodiment design of a soil bin for soil-tool interaction study
Authors: Karmarkar A U , Gilke N R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The agriculture industry is an important aspect of Indian economy. The changes occurring in global climate and increased frequency of extreme weather conditions pose challenges for agriculture industry. In such unpredictable conditions, achieving required outputs from farming for supporting continuously increasing population necessitates the mechanization of traditional processes. The selection of machinery for such mechanized setup is a key management task. Tractor is one of the farm machines being used in various farm related operations. Thus understanding constraints imposed on selection of a tractor is a primary factor in decision making process. The study has highlighted importance of power requirement for farming operation in tractor selection process. Thus to determine power requirement for farming operation a study of soil-tool interaction is necessary. A soil bin setup is one of the tools for studying the soil-tool interaction. This work presents the conceptual and embodiment design of a soil bin developed to find variation in draft force with respect to variations in the parameters like tillage depth, operation speed and soil moisture level. The tillage depth and operation speed were found to be directly proportional whereas the soil moisture level was found to be inversely proportional to the draft force.
Impact of dyeing industry effluents on geotechnical properties of soil
Authors: Karthika T , Shalini S , Kothai P S , Arumugam K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In developing countries concentration on pollutants produced by industries such as dyeing, tanneries industries are exceptionally high. The disposal of untreated industrial waste water similar to dyeing effluent on soil is a widespread practice in developing nations. The unprocessed effluents severely deteriorate the soil properties. The study on dyeing effluents from industries affects engineering properties of soil. Hence the soil properties have to be improved for intensification of soil for the constructional activities. The soil properties are very much exaggerated by dyeing effluent which produces the soil and water pollution. In this study textile industry effluent is taken as pollutants and laboratory experiments are carried. The affected soils were treated with marble dusts as admixture to improve the soil properties. For assessment polluted and unpolluted soil samples are treated with 20% of dyeing effluent and tests were conceded out to identify an extent of the contamination. The cured samples show a decrease in strength values up to 30% with raise in the percentage of infectivity (dyeing effluent). The geotechnical properties and their stabilization using marble dust are determined with mixtures and explored.
Surface Roughness Prediction using Machine Learning Algorithms while Turning under Different Lubrication Conditions
Authors: Varun A , Kumar Mechiri Sandeep , Murumulla Karthik , Sathvik Tatiparthi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lathe turning is one of the manufacturing sector’s most basic and important operations. From small businesses to large corporations, optimising machining operations is a key priority. Cooling systems in machining have an important role in determining surface roughness. The machine learning model under discussion assesses the surface roughness of lathe turned surfaces for a variety of materials. To forecast surface roughness, the machine learning model is trained using machining parameters, material characteristics, tool properties, and cooling conditions such as dry, MQL, and hybrid nano particle mixed MQL. Mixing with appropriate nano particles such as copper, aluminium, etc. may significantly improve cooling system heat absorption. To create a data collection for training and testing the model, many standard journals and publications are used. Surface roughness varies with work parameter combinations. In MATLAB, a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) method will be utilised to construct a model and predict surface roughness. To improve prediction outcomes and make the model more flexible, data from a variety of publications was included. Some characteristics were omitted in order to minimise data noise. Different statistical factors will be explored to predict surface roughness.
Squeezed states generation in an array of Linear and Nonlinear Waveguides
Authors: Julius R , Ibrahim A-B M A , Alias A N , Halim M S A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of squeezed states of light due to the second harmonic generation and Kerr effect in an array of nonlinear waveguides mediated through a linear one. We characterized the electromagnetic field by a quantum mechanical Hamiltonian and the density operator time evolution is obtained from the Von-Neumann equation of motion. Using the quasiprobability positive P of phase space representation, the classical Fokker-Planck equation is obtained from the master equation and translated to its classical matching set of nonlinear differential equations. We showed that because of the new possibilities of correlation between the linear and nonlinear channel waveguides, highly nonclassical light may be produced.
Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Passive Saturable Absorber
Authors: Rashid N N M , Lokman M Q , Nordin N A , Yahaya H , Ahmad F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP), a novel candidate of noble metal nanoparticles, which has great potential for pulsed laser applications due to strong saturation absorption behaviour. This study demonstrated the passively Q-switched laser operating within an Erbium-doped fibre laser cavity using AgNP saturable absorber (SA). The AgNP was synthesized via the chemical reduction method and the average size of nanoparticles was around 52.39 nm. The AgNP was incorporated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer to form an AgNP-PVA composite SA. The proposed experimental works generated single pulse energy and peak power of about 66.14 nJ and 18.71 mW corresponds to the repetition rate and pulse width of 62.89 kHz and 3.32 µs.
Characterization of cost-efficient OPT101 PIN photodiode as relative dosimetry in diagnostic radiology: An IOT application
Authors: Radzi Y Md , Zainol M K , Al Naggar A S A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
OPT101 photodiode sensor dosimetry properties were investigated for various parameters to observe its capability as a relative dosimeter. Its characterization was done with PTW semiconductor detector for diagnostic radiology as a benchmark. OPT101 presented excellent output linearity relative to dose measured by PTW semiconductor for energy dependency and reproducibility test. A significant high sensitivity was observed against dose rates and mean energies and linear response against different source-to-detector distance, SDD. Results suggest the use of an Arduino IDE microcontroller as potential of utilizing an IoT application in input/output communication with the sensor and data processing.
Investigation on Identification of RRIM Clone Series using Various NIR LED sensor
Authors: Abdullah N.E. , Baddri M. S. , Madzhi N.K. , Hassan S.L.M. , Halim I.S.A. , Rahim A.A.A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The evolution of various rubber tree clone has been introduced by Malaysian Rubber Board since 1928 and it is known as Rubber Research Institute Malaysia (RRIM) clone series. To support this, it is suggested research to investigate the behavior of the clone series with the development from a sensing device with several opted NIR wavelength ranges through the latex samples. An optical sensor prototype has been built consist of four types of NIR LED at selected wavelength and the photodiode works as receptor of the light emission. As transmitter, the NIR sensors are obtain from the local distributor in Malaysia which is RC component. Arduino Uno is use as the processor for processing the data and obtain the output trough LCD. There are five selected clone use which are RRIM 3001, RRIM 2008, RRIM 2007, RRIM 2014 and RRIM 2002. The output result which represented by the voltage and then will be analysed using statistical analysis approach for data analysis. The outcome reveal that the selected rubber tree clone series is able to determine based on the NIR properties.
Random laser behavior in Gold-doped Zinc Oxide nanorods structures
Authors: Ali Abdullah Taha , Maryam W. , Huang Yu-Wei , Hsu H.C. , Ahmed Naser M. , Zainal N. , Abu Hassan H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The random laser was investigated in gold-doped Zinc Oxide nanorods (Au-doped ZnO NRs) under a range of pumping power 0.25 - 4.66 mW. The Au-doped ZnO NRs prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on the ZnO seed layer, were pre-coated on glass substrate using radio frequency magnetron sputtering (Rf-sputtering). The morphological of Au-doped ZnO NRs shows a hexagonal and strong vertically alignment against the substrate. The Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum and elemental mapping results confirmed that Au atoms (at.%) are doped and spread over the ZnO NRs. More interestingly, the random laser of Au-doped ZnO shows a redshift of ~38 nm. This study showed the ability of using doping as a tuning parameter in the random laser, also provided an emphasis on Au-doped ZnO NRs as suitable options for controllable random laser devices.
A Study of Optical Micro-bottle Resonator Humidity Sensor
Authors: Mohamad Ali Ummu Umairah , Johari Ahmad Ashadi , Jusoh Zulzilawati , Rahman Husna Abdul , Harun Sulaiman Wadi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This experiment reports the fabrication of the optical Micro-bottle Resonator (MBR) as a relative humidity (RH) sensor. The MBR is fabricated via the “soften-and-compress” method to create the bottle-shaped with diameter Db = 175 um. The MBR is then optically excited using a 8 μm microfiber and was found to have a Q Factor of >105. The MBR was then employed as a humidity sensor with the RH level percentage range between 40% to 100% and the performance is compared with a non MBR microfiber. The MBR sensor was found to have a sensitivity of 0.2973 dBm/%, linearity >90% and and is superior to the bare microfiber in all measured parameters. The MBR humidity sensor was also found to have good repeatability and stability over a period of 60 seconds compare to bare microfiber.
Design of the logic protection for the mechanical elastic energy storage system
Authors: Zheng Xiaoming , Xi Guoping , Gao Xuejiang , Ma Yunfeng , Zhao Chao , Zhang Xin , Wang Peng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The operation procedure of the mechanical elastic energy storage unit is complex, and multiple devices need to cooperate with each other. These devices need to operate in turn according to the specified procedures to complete the operation process of unit energy storage and power generation. At the same time, before the unit operation, it is necessary to make a logical judgment on whether to execute the control command according to the state of each device, and display the normal or fault of each device in the state display area. The PLC has the advantages of flexible use, strong universality, high reliability and strong anti-interference ability. It is suitable for designing mechanical elastic energy storage logic protection system. This paper designs the logic protection system of mechanical elastic energy storage unit based on the PLC. The system has the advantages of convenient use, simple operation and good stability. The correct logic action can control the unit to execute accurately, which plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of the unit.
Optimal Design of Three-way Joint Structure for Steam Pipeline of Offshore Floating Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Dai Chunhui , Lao Xingsheng , Song Ping , Chen Lie , Zhang Kelong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Offshore nuclear power plants have many advantages, but their small space determines that operators cannot work far away from the steam power generation system. In order to improve work comfort and reduce noise damage, this article has carried out optimization design work for the three-way joint of the steam pipeline. On the basis of the female model, a smooth numerical simulation of the three-way joint is carried out to show its internal flow field. On this basis, with the uniform optimization design method, the best branch rounding radius of the confluence tee joint and the branch tee joint were obtained respectively.
Load balance control method of multi electromechanical transmission system based on dynamic programming
Authors: Zhou Liping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Controlling the load balance of multi electromechanical transmission system is the core and difficulty of metro vehicles. In order to effectively control the load of multi electromechanical transmission system and ensure the load balance of multi electromechanical transmission system. A load balancing control method of multi electromechanical transmission system based on dynamic programming is proposed. By designing the structure of the transmission system filter, the low DC resonant frequency of the inverter is maintained and the grid harmonics with higher order effect are suppressed. The rotor field oriented correction method based on dynamic programming can improve the torque performance of traction electric drive system, control the DC side active damping oscillation, and realize the load balance control of multi electromechanical drive system. The simulation results show that the proposed method avoids the wrong rise of multi electromechanical voltage and the saturation of regulator output caused by inaccurate magnetic field orientation, can effectively control the load of multi electromechanical transmission system, ensure the load balance of multi electromechanical transmission system, and provide an effective reference for the load balance control of multi electromechanical transmission system.
Design of sweep frequency signal source in residual stress detection platform based on Zynq
Authors: Yang Lei , Li Zhipeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The signal generator based on DDS technology has high frequency and resolution, and is widely used in many fields such as instrument technology, radar, satellite timing, remote control and telemetry, and is one of the important directions of current signal generator research. In order to achieve a cost-effective, high frequency resolution signal source to stimulate the sensors in the residual stress detection system, this paper selects the Zynq-7020 on-chip system to control the 14-bit direct digital frequency synthesis chip AD9954 to obtain a 40Hz~1MHz sinusoidal signal output. Finally, the performance and technical parameters of the system are tested experimentally. The output signal of the signal source is stable, the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and the frequency error is within 0.1%.