bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraisal of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) hay as a replacement for noug seed (Guizotia abissynica) cake in the ration of Gumuz lambs in Ethiopia
Authors: Shitaneh Esubalew , Asmare Bimrew , Kahliew Aemiro , Arega Habtie , Abebe Ayele 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the replacement value of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) hay for noug seed (Guizotia abissynica) cake on dry matter (DM) and nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, body weight change, carcass characteristics and economic feasibility of the feeding regime of Gumuz lambs.MethodsThe study was conducted using 25 yearling intact male lambs with an initial body weight of 18.26 ± 0.63 kg (mean ± SD).The lambs were assigned into five treatments: (T1) 272.3 g noug seed cake (NSC); (T2) 200.73 g NSC + 105.55 g cowpea Sewinet variety hay (CSH); (T3) 134.3 g NSC + 211.86 g CSH; (T4) 66.31 g NSC + 313.79 g CSH and (T5) 417.98 g CSH on DM basis. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD), and lambs were blocked based on their initial body weight. The feeding trial was conducted for 90 days followed by 7 days of digestibility trial. Natural pasture hay was treated with molasses solution for improvement of palatability and digestibility and offered for all experimental lambs in ad libitum.ResultsThe crude protein (CP) contents of natural pasture hay (NPH), CSH and NSC were 4.99, 18.31 and 36.5%, respectively. The total DM intakes of lambs (P < 0.05) increased at higher levels of CSH supplementation. The CP intake decreased with increasing levels of CSH supplementation. Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was improved by a higher level of CSH supplementation but CP digestibility was not affected by supplementation of CSH. The average daily gain (ADG) showed significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments. Similarly, the feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was significantly different (P < 0.05) among treatments; higher FCE was recorded at T1 but lower was at T3 and T4. The hot carcass weight (HCW) showed significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments; higher value was observed in T5 (9.36 kg), but the smallest value was recorded for lambs on the T3 (7.36 kg). The higher dressing percentage (DP) on empty body weight basis was recorded in three treatment (T1 = T4 = T5) groups compared with (T2 > T3) treatments. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) rib‐eye area was achieved at a high level of CSH and sole NSC supplemented lambs. The economic feasibility showed that the highest profit was achieved in T5.ConclusionFrom the present study, it was concluded that CSH could be used for supplementation of protein source feed for body weight gain for Gumuz lambs by replacing high‐cost concentrates in a native hay‐based basal diet. As a final point, CSH supplementation was recommended as replacement of NSC at 417.98 g CSH (T5) for better biological performance as well as economic value.
Risikomanagement in der Triage ambulanter Notfallpatienten
Authors: Pabst Dirk , Schibensky Jonas , Fistera David , Riße Joachim , Kill Clemens , Holzner Carola 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Zur frühzeitigen Entscheidung in zukünftigen „Integrierten Notfallzentren“, ob eine ambulante oder innerklinische Versorgung indiziert ist, wäre es hilfreich, ein System zu haben, mit dem die Identifizierung von Patienten mit ambulanter Behandlungsindikation möglich ist. In dieser Studie untersuchten wir, ob das Manchester Triage System (MTS) dafür geeignet ist, Patienten zu erkennen, die sicher der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung zugeteilt werden können.

Methode
Notaufnahmepatienten der „blauen“ MTS-Dringlichkeitsstufe wurden auf den Endpunkt „stationäre Aufnahme“ untersucht und mit der nächsthöheren MTS-Kategorie „grün“ verglichen. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde die „blaue“ Dringlichkeitsstufe auf die häufigsten gemeinsamen Kriterien untersucht, die zur stationären Aufnahme führten.

Ergebnisse
Nach Ausschluss von Patienten, die durch den Rettungsdienst oder nach vorherigem Arztbesuch vorstellig wurden, war die Rate der stationären Aufnahmen in der blauen Dringlichkeitsstufe signifikant niedriger als in der grünen Kategorie (10,8 % vs. 29,0 %). Die Rate konnte durch die Etablierung einer Untergruppe mit den zusätzlichen Ausschlusskriterien chronische Erkrankung und Wiedervorstellung nach vorheriger stationärer Behandlung auf 0,9 % gesenkt werden. (CEReCo-blue-Gruppe: Chronic Disorder (C), Emergency Medical Service (E), Readmission (R), Prior Medical Consultation (Co)).

Schlussfolgerung
Die blaue MTS-Dringlichkeitsstufe scheint zur Selektion von Patienten mit ambulanter Behandlungsindikation nicht geeignet zu sein. Wir schlagen die Einführung einer Untergruppe, der sog. CEReCo-blue-Gruppe vor, die für die Selektion dieser Patientengruppe hilfreich sein könnte.
Professionelle Teamarbeit und Kommunikation im Operationssaal – Eine narrative Übersicht
Authors: Lammert Anne , Alb Markus , Huber Lena , Jungbauer Frederic , Kramer Benedikt , Ludwig Sonja , Rotter Nicole , Zaubitzer Lena , Scherl Claudia 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ein Operationsteam ist ein für Störungen anfälliges Konstrukt aus hierarchisch und oft geschlechtlich differenten Mitgliedern, die unterschiedlichen Berufsgruppen angehören. Zieldiversitäten der einzelnen Akteure unter ökonomisch steigendem Leistungsdruck bergen Konfliktpotenzial im Arbeitsalltag. Dies kann negative Auswirkungen auf die Patientensicherheit und die wirtschaftliche Effizienz des Klinikbetriebs haben.

Ziel
Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, den Leser/die Leserin für die im operativen Klinikalltag bestehende Problematik zu sensibilisieren und ein Bewusstsein für die möglichen Lösungsansätze einer guten Kommunikationsstruktur und Teambildung sowie einer Moderation von außen durch ein Operationssaal(OP)-Management zu schaffen.

Methoden
Narratives Review anhand einer Literaturrecherche relevanter Originalarbeiten und Expertenempfehlungen der Datenbanken PubMed/MEDLINE; Schlüsselworte u. a. Teamarbeit, Kommunikation, OP, Teambildung.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung
Kommunikation und Teamarbeit im OP sind von immenser Bedeutung für die Patientensicherheit und die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung eines Klinikbetriebs. Verbesserungen in der Kommunikationsstruktur u. a. durch die konsequente Durchführung eines Team-Time-Out und eine „Moderation von außen“ (OP-Manager) bieten Lösungsansätze zur Vermeidung von Konfliktpotenzial im klinischen Alltag an.
Pheromone communication among sexes of the garden cross spider Araneus diadematus
Authors: Fischer Andreas , Schulz Stefan , Ayasse Manfred , Uhl Gabriele 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChemical communication plays a fundamental role in many aspects of an animal’s life from assessing habitat quality to finding mating partners. Behavioural observations show that chemical communication likewise plays an important role in spiders, but the contexts and the substances involved are little explored. Here, we investigate the chemical communication in the garden cross spiderAraneus diadematus(Clerck, 1757) between and within the sexes. Using choice trials, we demonstrate that males are attracted to odours of adult females, but not to those of subadult females. Our data further suggest that adult females avoid odours of conspecific adult females, possibly in order to reduce reproductive competition with other females. Cuticle and silk extracts as well as headspace samples of subadult and adult virgin females were analysed via GC–MS. Available candidate compounds for the female sex pheromone were tested via electroantennography on palps (electropalpography) of adult virgin females and on females in behavioural trials. We propose sulcatone (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one) as a candidate substance for the female volatile pheromone and several long-chained alkanes and alcohols as candidates for contact pheromones. Apart from demonstrating that attraction of males to females depends on the latter’s developmental stage, our study suggests that pheromones can also play an important role between females, an aspect that requires further attention.
Additive kinematic formulas for flag area measures
Authors: Abardia-Evéquoz Judit , Bernig Andreas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe show the existence of additive kinematic formulas for general flag area measures, which generalizes a recent result by Wannerer. Building on previous work by the second named author, we introduce an algebraic framework to compute these formulas explicitly. This is carried out in detail in the case of the incomplete flag manifold consisting of all$$(p+1)$$(p+1)-planes containing a unit vector.
Context dependent differences in working memory related brain activity in heavy cannabis users
Authors: Kroon Emese , Kuhns Lauren , Cousijn Janna 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rationale
Compromised cognitive control in cannabis use–tempting situations is thought to play a key role in the development of cannabis use disorders. However, little is known about how exposure to cannabis cues and contexts may influence cognitive control and the underlying neural mechanisms in cannabis users.

Objectives
Working memory (WM) is an attention reliant executive function central to cognitive control. In this study, we investigated how distracting cannabis words affected WM load–dependent performance and related brain activity in near-daily cannabis users (N = 36) relative to controls (N = 33).

Methods
Brain activity was recorded during a novel N-back flanker WM task with neutral and cannabis flankers added as task-irrelevant distractors.

Results
On a behavioural level, WM performance did not differ between groups, and the presence of cannabis flankers did not affect performance. However, in cannabis users compared to controls, the presence of cannabis flankers reduced WM load–related activity in multiple regions, including the insula, thalamus, superior parietal lobe and supramarginal gyrus.

Conclusions
The group specificity of these effects suggest that cannabis users might differ from controls in the way they process cannabis-related cues and that cannabis cue exposure could interfere with other cognitive processes under cognitively demanding circumstances. Future studies should focus on the role of context in cognitive control–related processes like WM and attention to further elucidate potential cognitive impairments in heavy cannabis users and how these relate to loss of control over drug seeking itself.
Changes in Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Surgery for Hip Fractures Following the Initiation of Orthogeriatric Service: Temporal Trend Analysis
Authors: Fluck Ben , Yeong Keefai , Lisk Radcliffe , Watters Hazel , Robin Jonathan , Fluck David , Fry Christopher H. , Han Thang S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Blue Book published by the British Orthopaedic Association and British Geriatrics Society, together with the introduction of National Hip Fracture Database Audit and Best Practice Tariff, have been influential in improving hip fracture care. We examined ten-year (2009–2019) changes in hip fracture outcomes after establishing an orthogeriatric service based on these initiatives, in 1081 men and 2891 women (mean age = 83.5 ± 9.1 years). Temporal trends in the annual percentage change (APC) of outcomes were identified using the Joinpoint Regression Program v4.7.0.0. The proportions of patients operated beyond 36 h of admission fell sharply during the first two years: APC =  − 53.7% (95% CI − 68.3, − 5.2, P = 0.003), followed by a small rise thereafter: APC = 5.8% (95% CI 0.5, 11.3, P = 0.036). Hip surgery increased progressively in patients > 90 years old: APC = 3.3 (95% CI 1.0, 5.8, P = 0.011) and those with American Society of Anaesthesiologists grade ≥ 3: APC = 12.4 (95% CI 8.8, 16.1, P < 0.001). There was a significant decline in pressure ulcers amongst patients < 90 years old: APC =  − 17.9 (95% CI − 32.7, 0.0, P = 0.050) and also a significant decline in mortality amongst those > 90 years old: APC =  − 7.1 (95% CI − 12.6, − 1.3, P = 0.024). Prolonged length of stay (> 23 days) declined from 2013: APC =  − 24.6% (95% CI − 31.2, − 17.4, P < 0.001). New discharge to nursing care declined moderately over 2009–2016 (APC =  − 10.6, 95% CI − 17.2, − 2.7, P = 0.017) and sharply thereafter (APC =  − 47.5%, 95%CI − 71.7, − 2.7, P = 0.043). The rate of patients returning home was decreasing (APC =  − 2.9, 95% CI − 5.1, − 0.7, P = 0.016), whilst new discharge to rehabilitation was increasing (APC = 8.4, 95% CI 4.0, 13.0; P = 0.002). In conclusion, the establishment of an orthogeriatric service was associated with a reduction of elapsed time to hip surgery, a progressive increase in surgery carried out on high-risk adults and a decline in adverse outcomes.
Real-world applicability and impact of early rhythm control for European patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry
Authors: Proietti Marco , Vitolo Marco , Harrison Stephanie L. , Lane Deirdre A. , Fauchier Laurent , Marin Francisco , Nabauer Michael , Potpara Tatjana S. , Dan Gheorghe-Andrei , Boriani Giuseppe , Lip Gregory Y. H. ,   the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry Investigators
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Use of rate/rhythm control is essential to control symptoms in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Recently, the EAST-AFNET 4 trial described how early rhythm control strategy was associated with a lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes.

Objectives
The aim was to evaluate the real-world applicability and impact of an early rhythm control strategy in patients with AF.

Methods
Use of an early rhythm control strategy was assessed in a European cohort of AF patients derived from the EHRA-ESC EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry. Early rhythm control was defined as use of antiarrhythmic drugs or cardioversion/catheter ablation. The primary outcome included cardiovascular death, stroke, acute coronary syndrome, and worsening of heart failure. Quality of life and health-care resource usage were also assessed as outcomes.

Results
Among the 10,707 patients evaluated for eligibility to EAST-AFNET 4, a total of 3774 (34.0%) were included. Early rhythm control was associated with better quality of life, but with greater use of health-care resources. During follow-up, the primary outcome occurred less often in early rhythm control patients than in those with no rhythm control (13.6% vs. 18.5%, p < 0.001). In the multivariate adjusted Cox regression model, no significant difference was found between no rhythm control and early rhythm control, for the primary outcome. No difference in the primary outcome between early rhythm control and ‘no rhythm control patients’ adherent to Atrial fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway’ was evident (p = 0.753)

Conclusions
Use of an early rhythm control strategy was associated with a lower rate of major adverse events, but this difference was non-significant on multivariate analysis, being mediated by differences in baseline characteristics and clinical risk profile. Early rhythm control was associated with a higher use of health-care resources and risk of hospital admission, despite showing better quality of life.

Graphic abstract
Non-invasive predictors for infranodal conduction delay in patients with left bundle branch block after TAVR
Authors: Auberson Chloé , Badertscher Patrick , Madaffari Antonio , Malushi Meriton , Bourquin Luc , Spies Florian , Aeschbacher Stefanie , Fahrni Gregor , Kaiser Christoph , Jeger Raban , Osswald Stefan , Sticherling Christian , Knecht Sven , Kühne Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsLeft bundle branch block (LBBB) is the most common conduction disorder after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with an increased risk of atrioventricular (AV) block. The aim of the current study was to identify non-invasive predictors for infranodal conduction delay in patients with LBBB.MethodsWe analyzed consecutive patients undergoing TAVR with pre-existing or new-onset LBBB between August 2014 and August 2020. His ventricular (HV) interval measurement was performed on day 1 after TAVR. Baseline, procedural, as well as surface and intracardiac electrocardiographic parameters were included. Infranodal conduction delay was defined as HV interval > 55 ms.ResultsOf 825 patients screened after TAVR, 151 patients (82 ± 6 years, 39% male) with LBBB were included. Among these, infranodal conduction delay was observed in 25%. ΔPR (difference in PR interval after and before TAVR), PR and QRS duration after TAVR were significantly longer in the group with HV prolongation. In a multivariate analysis in patients with sinus rhythm (n = 123), ΔPR (OR per 10 ms increase: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.19–2.01;p = 0.002) was the only independent factor associated with infranodal conduction delay. A change in PR interval by 20 ms yielded a specificity of 83% and a sensitivity of 46%, with a negative predictive value of 84% and a positive predictive value of 45% to predict HV prolongation.ConclusionsSimple analysis of surface ECG and a calculated ΔPR < 20 ms can be used as predictor for the absence of infranodal conduction delay in post-TAVR patients with LBBB.Graphical abstract
On critical Kirchhoff problems driven by the fractional Laplacian
Authors: Appolloni Luigi , Molica Bisci Giovanni , Secchi Simone 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study a nonlocal parametric problem driven by the fractional Laplacian operator combined with a Kirchhoff-type coefficient and involving a critical nonlinearity term in the Sobolev embedding sense. Our approach is of variational and topological nature. The obtained results can be viewed as a nontrivial extension to the nonlocal setting of some recent contributions already present in the literature.
Water contents of nominally anhydrous orthopyroxenes from oceanic peridotites determined by SIMS and FTIR
Authors: Wenzel Kirsten T. , Wiedenbeck Michael , Gose Jürgen , Rocholl Alexander , Schmädicke Esther 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study presents new secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) reference materials (RMs) for measuring water contents in nominally anhydrous orthopyroxenes from upper mantle peridotites. The enstatitic reference orthopyroxenes from spinel peridotite xenoliths have Mg#s between 0.83 and 0.86, Al2O3 ranges between 4.02 and 5.56 wt%, and Cr2O3 ranges between 0.21 and 0.69 wt%. Based on Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterizations, the water contents of the eleven reference orthopyroxenes vary from dry to 249 ± 6 µg/g H2O. Using these reference grains, a set of orthopyroxene samples obtained from variably altered abyssal spinel peridotites from the Atlantic and Arctic Ridges as well as from the Izu-Bonin-Mariana forearc region was analyzed by SIMS and FTIR regarding their incorporation of water. The major element composition of the sample orthopyroxenes is typical of spinel peridotites from the upper mantle, characterized by Mg#s between 0.90 and 0.92, Al2O3 between 1.66 and 5.34 wt%, and Cr2O3 between 0.62 and 0.96 wt%. Water contents as measured by SIMS range from 68 ± 7 to 261 ± 11 µg/g H2O and correlate well with Al2O3 contents (r = 0.80) and Cr#s (r. = -0.89). We also describe in detail an optimized strategy, employing both SIMS and FTIR, for quantifying structural water in highly altered samples such as abyssal peridotite. This approach first analyzes individual oriented grains by polarized FTIR, which provides an overview of alteration. Subsequently, the same grain along with others of the same sample is measured using SIMS, thereby gaining information about homogeneity at the hand sample scale, which is key for understanding the geological history of these rocks.
Offensive keyword extraction based on the attention mechanism of BERT and the eigenvector centrality using a graph representation
Authors: Sarracén Gretel Liz De la Peña , Rosso Paolo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe proliferation of harmful content on social media affects a large part of the user community. Therefore, several approaches have emerged to control this phenomenon automatically. However, this is still a quite challenging task. In this paper, we explore the offensive language as a particular case of harmful content and focus our study in the analysis of keywords in available datasets composed of offensive tweets. Thus, we aim to identify relevant words in those datasets and analyze how they can affect model learning. For keyword extraction, we propose an unsupervised hybrid approach which combines the multi-head self-attention of BERT and a reasoning on a word graph. The attention mechanism allows to capture relationships among words in a context, while a language model is learned. Then, the relationships are used to generate a graph from what we identify the most relevant words by using the eigenvector centrality. Experiments were performed by means of two mechanisms. On the one hand, we used an information retrieval system to evaluate the impact of the keywords in recovering offensive tweets from a dataset. On the other hand, we evaluated a keyword-based model for offensive language detection. Results highlight some points to consider when training models with available datasets.
Development of health monitoring method for pecan nut trees using side video data and computer vision
Authors: Nomura Ryota , Oki Kazuo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasing efficiency and productivity in the field of agriculture is important to provide sufficient food to the world’s increasing population. It is important to monitor crops using image processing in order to realize these increases in efficiency and productivity. In order to monitor crops with high quality and accuracy, high resolution images are needed. In this research, a crop monitoring method for pecan nut trees was developed using high-resolution video taken from the side of a vehicle. First, trees were extracted by applying an object detection model to the video data. Second, the extracted trees were divided into canopy and trunk areas. Finally, using labels made by experts and the canopy image as input, the convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained to classify unhealthy and healthy trees. The model achieved an area under the curve for classification over 0.95. Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was also applied to the model for the purpose of evaluation, and it clarified that the model is focusing on the hollow features of the canopy when performing its classification.