bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Proteomics of Older Patients Undergoing Major Cardiac Surgery: Identification of Biomarkers Associated With Postoperative Delirium
Authors: Rhee James , Kuznetsov Alexandra , McKay Tina , Lyons Margaret , Houstis Nicholas , Mekkonen Jennifer , Ethridge Breanna , Ibala Reine , Hahm Eunice , Gitlin Jacob , Guseh J. Sawalla , Kitchen Robert , Rosenzweig Anthony , Shaefi Shahzad , Flaczyk Adam , Qu Jason , Akeju Oluwaseun 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) is an acute altered mental state commonly encountered after cardiac surgery. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying POD remain unclear. We aimed to identify circulating proteins significantly altered after major cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We also aimed to enable inferences on associations with POD.MethodsSerum and whole blood samples were collected before CPB (n= 16 patients;n= 8 with POD) and again from the same patients on postoperative day 1. All patients were clinically evaluated for POD on postoperative days 1–3. An aptamer-based proteomics platform (SOMAscan) was used to quantify serum protein abundance in patients with POD compared with non-POD controls. We also performed a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-basedin vitrofunctional analysis (TruCulture) on whole blood samples from patients with POD and non-POD controls to approximate surgical stress. Cytokine levels were determined using a Luminex immunoassay.ResultsCardiac surgery with CPB resulted in a significant (padj&lt; 0.01) change in 48.8% (637 out of 1,305) of proteins detected by SOMAscan. Gene set enrichment showed that the most impacted biological processes involved myeloid cell activation. Specifically, activation and degranulation of neutrophils were the top five highest-scoring processes. Pathway analyses with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) showed that metabolic enzymes, particularly those of glycolysis, were elevated in serum concentration after surgery. Several proteins were significantly increased postoperatively in patients diagnosed with POD relative to the non-POD controls, with interleukin-6 (IL-6) showing the greatest fold-change. LPS stimulation of whole blood samples confirmed these findings. Linear regression analysis showed a highly significant correlation between Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) scores and CPB-mediated changes in cGMP-inhibited 3′,5′-cyclic phosphodiesterase A (PDE3A).ConclusionsCardiac surgery with CPB resulted in inflammasome changes accompanied by unexpected increases in metabolic pathways. In exploratory analyses, we found that POD was associated with changes in the expression level of various proteins, most notably IL-6 and PDE3A. This study and ongoing protein biomarker studies will likely help quantify risk or confirm the diagnosis for POD and increase understanding of its pathophysiological mechanisms.
Hemodynamic Versus Anatomic Assessment of Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis: the Relationship Between Pressure Wire Translesional Gradient and Angiographic Lesion Geometry
Authors: Li Long , Yang Bin , Dmytriw Adam A. , Wang Tao , Luo Jichang , Li Yanling , Ma Yan , Chen Jian , Wang Yabing , Gao Peng , Feng Yao , Bai Xuesong , Zhang Xiao , Dong Jia , Yang Renjie , Jiao Liqun , Ling Feng 
Published: August 2021

Background: Intracranial cerebral atherosclerosis (ICAS) is a leading etiology of ischemic stroke. The diagnosis and assessment of intracranial stenosis are shifting from anatomic to hemodynamic for better risk stratification. However, the relationships between lesion geometry and translesional pressure gradient have not been clearly elucidated.Methods: Patients with symptomatic unifocal M1 middle cerebral artery (M1-MCA) stenosis were consecutively recruited. The translesional pressure gradient was measured with a pressure wire and was recorded as both mean distal/proximal pressure ratios (Pd/Pa) and translesional pressure difference (Pa–Pd). Lesion geometry measured on angiography was recorded as diameter stenosis, minimal lumen diameter, and lesion length. The correlations between pressure-derived and angiography-derived indices were then analyzed.Results: Forty-three patients were analyzed. A negative correlation was found between Pd/Pa and diameter stenosis (r = −0.371; p = 0.014) and between Pa – Pd and minimal lumen diameter (r = −0.507; p = 0.001). A positive correlation was found between Pd/Pa and minimal lumen diameter (r = 0.411; p = 0.006) and between Pa – Pd and diameter stenosis (r = 0.466; p = 0.002).Conclusions: In a highly selected ICAS subgroup, geometric indices derived from angiography correlate significantly with translesional pressure gradient indices. However, the correlation strength is weak-to-moderate, which implies that anatomic assessment could only partly reflect hemodynamic status. Translesional pressure gradient measured by pressure wire may serve as a more predictive marker of ICAS severity. More factors need to be identified in further studies.
Brain Volumetric Alterations in Preclinical HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder Using Automatic Brain Quantification and Segmentation Tool
Authors: Li Ruili , Qi Yu , Shi Lin , Wang Wei , Zhang Aidong , Luo Yishan , Kung Wing Kit , Jiao Zengxin , Liu Guangxue , Li Hongjun , Zhang Longjiang 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study aimed to determine if people living with HIV (PLWH) in preclinical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), with no clinical symptoms and without decreased daily functioning, suffer from brain volumetric alterations and its patterns.MethodFifty-nine male PLWH at the HAND preclinical stage were evaluated, including 19 subjects with asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), 17 subjects with cognitive abnormality that does not reach ANI (Not reach ANI), and 23 subjects with cognitive integrity. Moreover, 23 healthy volunteers were set as the seronegative normal controls (NCs). These individuals underwent sagittal three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging (3D T1WI). Quantified data and volumetric measures of brain structures were automatically segmented and extracted using AccuBrain®. In addition, the multiple linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship of volumes of brain structures and clinical variables in preclinical HAND, and the correlations of the brain volume parameters with different cognitive function states were assessed by Pearson’s correlation analysis.ResultsThe significant difference was shown in the relative volumes of the ventricular system, bilateral lateral ventricle, thalamus, caudate, and left parietal lobe gray matter between the preclinical HAND and NCs. Furthermore, the relative volumes of the bilateral thalamus in preclinical HAND were negatively correlated with attention/working memory (left: r = −0.271, p = 0.042; right: r = −0.273, p = 0.040). Higher age was associated with increased relative volumes of the bilateral lateral ventricle and ventricular system and reduced relative volumes of the left thalamus and parietal lobe gray matter. The lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio was associated with increased relative volumes of the left lateral ventricle and ventricular system. Longer disease course was associated with increased relative volumes of the bilateral thalamus. No significant difference was found among preclinical HAND subgroups in all indices, and the difference between the individual groups (Not reach ANI and Cognitive integrity groups) and NCs was also insignificant. However, there was a significant difference between ANI and NCs in the relative volumes of the bilateral caudate and lateral ventricle.ConclusionMale PLWH at the HAND preclinical stage suffer from brain volumetric alterations. AccuBrain® provides potential value in evaluating HIV-related neurocognitive dysfunction.
Retinal Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Vascular Impairment Is Ablated in Diabetic Mice Receiving XMD8-92 Treatment
Authors: Howell Scott J. , Lee Chieh A. , Batoki Julia C. , Zapadka Thomas E. , Lindstrom Sarah I. , Taylor Brooklyn E. , Taylor Patricia R. 
Published: August 2021

The global number of diabetics continues to rise annually. As diabetes progresses, almost all of Type I and more than half of Type II diabetics develop diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular disease of the retina, and is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population worldwide. With such a significant health impact, new drugs are required to halt the blinding threat posed by this visual disorder. The cause of diabetic retinopathy is multifactorial, and an optimal therapeutic would halt inflammation, cease photoreceptor cell dysfunction, and ablate vascular impairment. XMD8-92 is a small molecule inhibitor that blocks inflammatory activity downstream of ERK5 (extracellular signal-related kinase 5) and BRD4 (bromodomain 4). ERK5 elicits inflammation, is increased in Type II diabetics, and plays a pathologic role in diabetic nephropathy, while BRD4 induces retinal inflammation and plays a role in retinal degeneration. Further, we provide evidence that suggests both pERK5 and BRD4 expression are increased in the retinas of our STZ (streptozotocin)-induced diabetic mice. Taken together, we hypothesized that XMD8-92 would be a good therapeutic candidate for diabetic retinopathy, and tested XMD8-92 in a murine model of diabetic retinopathy. In the current study, we developed an in vivo treatment regimen by administering one 100 μL subcutaneous injection of saline containing 20 μM of XMD8-92 weekly, to STZ-induced diabetic mice. XMD8-92 treatments significantly decreased diabetes-mediated retinal inflammation, VEGF production, and oxidative stress. Further, XMD8-92 halted the degradation of ZO-1 (zonula occludens-1), which is a tight junction protein associated with vascular permeability in the retina. Finally, XMD8-92 treatment ablated diabetes-mediated vascular leakage and capillary degeneration, which are the clinical hallmarks of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Taken together, this study provides strong evidence that XMD8-92 could be a potentially novel therapeutic for diabetic retinopathy.
Possible Association of Polymorphisms in Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 46 Gene With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Seo Jun Ho , Kim Tae Yong , Kim Se Joo , Choi Jin Hee , So Hyung Seok , Kang Jee In 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Dynamic proteolysis, through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, has an important role in DNA transcription and cell cycle, and is considered to modulate cell stress response and synaptic plasticity. We investigated whether genetic variants in the ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 46 (USP46) would be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with exposure to combat trauma using a case-control candidate gene association design.Methods: Korean male veterans exposed to the Vietnam War were grouped into those with (n = 128) and without (n = 128) PTSD. Seven tagging SNPs of USP46 were selected, and single-marker and haplotype-based association analyses were performed. All analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and levels of combat exposure severity and alcohol problem.Results: One single-marker (rs2244291) showed nominal evidence of association with PTSD status and with the “re-experiencing” cluster, although the association was not significant after Bonferroni correction. No significant association with the other SNPs or the haplotypes was detected.Conclusion: The present finding suggests preliminarily that genetic vulnerability regarding the ubiquitin-proteasome system may be related to fear memory processes and the development of PTSD symptoms after trauma exposure. Further studies with a larger sample size will be needed to examine the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system including USP46 in PTSD.
Community-Based Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ndejjo Rawlance , Hassen Hamid Yimam , Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Musoke David , Nuwaha Fred , Abrams Steven , Bastiaens Hilde , Musinguzi Geofrey 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of community-based interventions for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to inform design of effective strategies for CVD prevention.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane register of controlled studies and PSYCINFO databases for studies published between January 2000 and June 2019. Other studies were identified from gray literature sources and review of reference lists of included studies. The primary outcomes for the review were those aimed at primary prevention of CVD targeting physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption.Results: Database searches yielded 15,885 articles and 94 articles were identified through snowball searching. After screening, the articles from LMICs were 32 emanating from 27 studies: 9 cluster randomized trials, eight randomized controlled trials and 10 controlled before and after studies. Community-based interventions successfully improved population knowledge on CVD and risk factors and influenced physical activity and dietary practices. Evidence of interventions on smoking cessation and reduced alcohol consumption was inconsistent.Conclusion: This evidence should inform policy makers in decision-making and prioritizing evidence-based interventions.
Silver Nanoparticles Derived by Artemisia arborescens Reveal Anticancer and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects
Authors: Bordoni Valentina , Sanna Luca , Lyu Weidong , Avitabile Elisabetta , Zoroddu Stefano , Medici Serenella , Kelvin David J. , Bagella Luigi 
Published: August 2021

The fight against cancer is one of the main challenges for medical research. Recently, nanotechnology has made significant progress, providing possibilities for developing innovative nanomaterials to overcome the common limitations of current therapies. In this context, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent a promising nano-tool able to offer interesting applications for cancer research. Following this path, we combined the silver proprieties with Artemisia arborescens characteristics, producing novel nanoparticles called Artemisia–AgNPs. A “green” synthesis method was performed to produce Artemisia–AgNPs, using Artemisia arborescens extracts. This kind of photosynthesis is an eco-friendly, inexpensive, and fast approach. Moreover, the bioorganic molecules of plant extracts improved the biocompatibility and efficacy of Artemisia–AgNPs. The Artemisia–AgNPs were fully characterized and tested to compare their effects on various cancer cell lines, in particular HeLa and MCF-7. Artemisia–AgNPs treatment showed dose-dependent growth inhibition of cancer cells. Moreover, we evaluated their impact on the cell cycle, observing a G1 arrest mediated by Artemisia–AgNPs treatment. Using a clonogenic assay after treatment, we observed a complete lack of cell colonies, which demonstrated cell reproducibility death. To have a broader overview on gene expression impact, we performed RNA-sequencing, which demonstrated the potential of Artemisia–AgNPs as a suitable candidate tool in cancer research.
Pengaruh Penyuluhan Menggunakan Media Video Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Tentang Anemia Pada Remaja Putri SMPN 1 Turikale Tahun 2020
Authors: ASMAWATI NUR , Icha Dian Nurcahyani  , Kurnia Yusuf  , Fitri Wahyuni  , St Mashitah  
Published: August 2021

Anemia suppresses a condition where hemoglobin rates in the blood is lower than its normal value which is commonly caused by a lack of some gizi nutrients in foods that our body desperately needs. According to world Health Organization (WHO) data, anaemia in putri teenagers is still high enough, the world's anemic crossings range from 40-88%. The purpose of this scrutiny to verify whether there is a video media complimentary influence on the knowledge and attitude of anaemia in teenage daughter SMPN 1 Turikale. The type of scrutiny used is quasi Experimental ruin scrutiny using the normal reinsuance plan design also we mentioned with the term "One Group Pre and Posttest". The population on this scrutiny is the SMPN 1 Turikale siswi, a sample intake on this scrutiny using Purposive Sampling techniques with a total of 40 siswis. This review shows the increased knowledge and attitude of the graduates after completion using video media. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test test shows that compilation using video media has meaningful influence on the knowledge and attitude of graduates about anemia with the knowledge results of p=0,000 (p<0,05) and attitudes of 0,001 (p<0,05). There is a influence on the influence of compilation using video media against knowledge and attitudes about anaemia on the teenage daughter of SMPN 1 Turikale 2020.
ABSTRAK
Anemia merupkan suatu keadaan dimana kadar hemoglobin didalam darah lebih rendah dari nilai normalnya yang biasa diakibatkan oleh kurangnya beberapa zat gizi pada makanan yang sangat diperlukan oleh tubuh kita. Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO), anemia pada remaja putri masih cukup tinggi, persentase anemia di dunia berkisar antara 40-88%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menetahui apakah ada pengaruh penyuluhan menggunakan media video terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap tentang anemia pada remaja putri SMPN 1 Turikale. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Eksperimen desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain rancangan perlakuan ulang biasa juga kita sebut dengan istilah “One Group Pre and Posttest”. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswi SMPN 1 Turikale, Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling dengan total samel 40 siswi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap siswi setelah dilakukan penyuluhan menggunakan media video. Hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan menggunakan media video memiliki pengaruh yang bermakna terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap siswi tentang anemia dengan hasil pengetahuan p=0,000 (p<0,05) dan sikap 0,001 (p<0,05). Ada pengaruh penyuluhan menggunakan media video terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap tentang anemia pada remaja putri SMPN 1 Turikale tahun 2020.
Analisis Uji Proximat, Karoten Total dan Organoleptik Roti Manis dengan Substitusi Tepung Bit Merah
Authors: Nurzihan Nastitie Cinintya , Oktavina Permatasari  , Aryanti Setyaningsih  
Published: August 2021

The Exploring the potential of local food ingredients is carried out as an effort to achieve national food security. The high use of flour as a raw material in the food industry requires the import of wheat-based flour that does not grow in tropical climates such as Indonesia. Efforts to reduce dependence on wheat flour need a source of flour from local food ingredients. One of the tubers that can be used in making flour is red beet which is commonly used as a natural dye. Lack of utilization of red beet which resulted in the abundance of red beet. Sweet bread is one type of food that is very popular with various levels of society by modifying the substitution of wheat flour with red beet flour. The research was conducted with an experimental type of research using a randomized design with 3 treatment groups. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the substitution of red beet flour with concentrations of 0%, 15% and 30% and the results of the proximate test showed that there was no significant difference in the nutritional value of protein, while there was a significant difference in the total carotene content in sweet bread with substitution. red beet flour. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the optimization of the use of red beet as flour can be done as a potential local food alternative.
ABSTRAK
Penggalian potensi bahan pangan lokal dilakukan sebagai upaya dalam pencapaian ketahanan pangan nasional. Tingginya penggunaan tepung sebagai bahan baku dalam industri pangan mengharuskan adanya import tepung terigu yang berbasis gandum yang tidak tmbuh di wilayah iklim tropis seperti halnya Indonesia. Upaya dalam mengurangi ketergantungan dengan tepung terigu perlu adanya sumber tepung dari bahan pangan lokal. Salah satu umbi yang dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan tepung adalah bit merah yang biasa digunakan sebagai pewarna alami. Kurangnya pemanfaatan bit merah yang mengakibatkan melimpahnya bit merah. Roti manis menjadi salah satu jenis makanan yang sangat digemari berbagai lapisan masyarakat dengan melakukan modifikasi pada substitusi tepung terigu dengan tepung bit merah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan jenis penelitian eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 3 perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan nyata pada substitusi tepung bit merah dengan konsentrasi 0%, 15% dan 30% serta hasil uji proksimat diketahui bahwa tidak ada perbedaan secara signifikan nilai gizi protein, sedangkan ada perbedaan secara signifkan pada kandungan total karoten pada roti manis dengan substitusi tepung bit merah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa optimalisasi penggunaan bit merah sebagai tepung dapat dilakukan sebagai alternatif pangan lokal yang berpotensi.
Angioqueratoma solitario
Authors: Orantes Ana , Salvado Ricardo , Gramajo Marisol 
Published: August 2021

El angioqueratoma es una lesión benigna de piel poco frecuente, que puede presentarse en niños y adultos. Posee varios diagnósticos clínicos diferenciales. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 86 años de edad con lesión nodular en miembro inferior, de tiempo de evolución desconocido.
Assessment of knowledge related to COVID-19 among professionals and students: A cross-sectional study from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Ali Hashim , Shah Abubakar , Tahir Muhammad Junaid , Malik Muna , Malik Muhammad Irfan , Sajjad Ayesha , AL Fareed Zafar Sardar Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Background: COVID-19 outbreak posed a serious threat to public health and greatly impacted the life of professionals and students. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge related to COVID-19 during a lockdown in Punjab, Pakistan.
Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional online study recruited 833 participants (males=417, females=416) from major cities (Lahore, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Bahawalpur, Faisalabad, and Sialkot) in Punjab, Pakistan, during the months of March and April 2020. A pre-designed questionnaire was shared, among professionals (including pharmacists, paramedical staff, lawyers, businessmen, teachers) and students (including medical undergraduate and postgraduate students, and non-medical students), containing 12 questions regarding their knowledge of COVID-19. Data were collected using convenient sampling technique. Chi-square test and logistic regression model were applied for analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 23 years ranged from 15-68 years. Of the 833 participants, 365 (43.8%) were well aware, 405 (48.6%) were aware and only 63 (7.6%) were not aware of COVID-19. Most of the participants (69.4%) did not know about coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) before this pandemic. Using logistic regression analysis, age above 24 years, being a student (vs. being a professional) and a prior knowledge about coronavirus resulted in having higher odds of knowledge about COVID-19 with a significant p-value (<0.05).
Conclusion: This study identifies that the majority of the participants had necessary knowledge about transmission, preventive measures and basic hygiene about COVID-19. However, there is a need to improve knowledge among the younger population and professionals.