bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI ASAS PROPORSIONALITAS DALAM PERJANJIAN TERAPAUTIK DALAM RANGKA MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN BAGI PASIEN
Authors: Setyawan Alfis , Hadiyati Nur 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Therapeutic agreements are agreements made between doctors and patients in general related to the health efforts that will be taken. The practice of therapeutic agreements sometimes raises awareness for patients who have minimal knowledge of medicine and tend to be harmed. This leads to therapeutic agreements needing an in-depth legal review. The issues to be examined are urgency agreements are examined from civil law and the application of the principle of proportionality in therapeutic agreements generally. The research uses normative legal research with conceptual approaches. It is found that the application of the principle of proportionality in therapeutic agreements and the fulfilling of elements in civil law can be an effort to provide justice for all parties both doctors and patients.Keywords: the principle of proportionality, patients, doctors, agreements therapeutic. ABSTRAK Perjanjian terapeutik merupakan kesepakatan yang dilakukan antara dokter dan pasien pada umumnya terkait dengan upaya kesehatan yang akan ditempuh. Praktek dari perjanjian terapeutik terkadang menimbulkan kewaspadaan bagi pasien yang memiliki pengetahuan yang minim terkait dunia kedokteran dan cenderung pasien menjadi pihak yang dirugikan. Hal ini menyebabkan perjanjian terapeutik perlu kajian hukum yang mendalam. Permasalahan yang akan diteliti yaitu urgensi perjanjian terpautik ditinjau dari hukum keperdataan dan penerapan asas proporsionalitas dalam perjanjian terapeutik umumnya. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Ditemukan adanya penerapan asas proporsionalitas dalam perjanjian terapeutik serta dipenuhinya unsur-unsur dalam hukum keperdataan dapat menjadi upaya dalam memberikan keadilan bagi seluruh pihak baik Dokter maupun pasien.Kata kunci : asas proposionalitas, pasien, dokter, perjanjian terapautik
ASPEK HUKUM PEMBERHENTIAN PEGAWAU NEGERI SIPIL BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 30 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PENILAIAN KINERJA PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL
Authors: Permadi Iwan 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTPerformance appraisal of civil servants as stipulated in article 77 number (6) of Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning State Civil Apparatus, this article states that a civil servant whose performance evaluation is not in accordance with the established targets is subject to sanctions in the form of administrative sanctions until dismissal. Basically, the performance of civil servants is the result and assessment of work carried out by civil servants in quality and quantity that has been achieved by a civil servant in carrying out the duties, authorities, obligations and responsibilities that have been given. This changes the paradigm that has been formed so far that being a civil servant is impossible to be dismissed, and a civil servant is not an office employee who is assessed based on performance appraisal, from that background we formulate the issue What is the legis ratio of dismissal of civil servants based on performance appraisal in PP Number 30 of 2019 concerning work evaluation? and What are the legal implications of the dismissal of civil servants based on performance appraisal in PP Number 30 of 2019 concerning Performance Appraisal.Keywords: Assessment, Performance, Civil Servants ABSTRAKPenilaian kinerja PNS diatur pasal 77 angka (6) Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara menyebutkan bahwa seorang PNS yang penilaian kinerjanya tidak sesuai target yang telah ditetapkan maka dikenakan sanksi berupa sanksi administratif hingga pemberhentian. Pada dasarnya kinerja PNS merupakan hasil dan penilaian kerja yang dilakukan oleh PNS secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang telah dicapai oleh seseorang PNS dalam melaksanakan tugas, kewenangan, kewajiban dan tanggung jawab yang telah diberikan. Hal ini merubah paradigma yang selama ini telah terbentuk bahwa menjadi seorang PNS mustahil untuk dapat diberhentikan, dan seorang PNS bukanlah seorang pegawai kantoran yang dinilai berdasarkan penilaian kinerja, dari latar belakang itulah maka kami merumuskan masalah Apa ratio legis dari pemberhentian PNS berdasarkan penilaian kinerja dalam PP Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 tentang Penilaian Kerja? Serta Apa implikasi hukum dari pemberhentian PNS berdasarkan penilaian kinerja dalam PP Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 tentang Penilaian Kinerja.Kata kunci: Penilaian, Kinerja, Pegawai Negeri Sipil
TINDAKAN ULTRA VIRES DIREKSI DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA BAGI PERSEROAN TERBATAS
Authors: Rokhim Abdul 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe Actions of the Board of Directors are legally qualified as the actions of the Company as a legal entity if carried out by the authority and objectives of the Company as stated in the company's articles of association. The actions of directors that are carried out outside the authority or beyond the authority(ultra vires)cannot be qualified as the actions of the company. As a result, such legal action is not binding on the Company and only binds the Board of Directors personally with third parties. The problems examined are the limits of authority of the Board of Directors according to the UUPT and the doctrine and concept of ultra vires directors. Types of normative juridical research with conceptual approach and statute approach. The actions of the board of directors as long as it is carried out within the limits of the authority granted by the law and the articles of association of PT(intra vires)are legally viewed as the actions of PT as a legal entity. Actions of the Board of Directors that are carried out outside the authority or exceed their authority as stipulated in the laws and articles of association of PT(ultra vires)the Board of Directors must be personally responsible with third parties.Keywords: Ultra Vires Action; Board of Directors; Limited Liability Company ABSTRAKTindakan Direksi secara hukum dikualifikasi sebagai tindakan perseroan selaku badan hukum apabila dilakukan sesuai dengan kewenangan dan tujuan perseroan sebagaimana tercantum dalam anggaran dasar perseroan. Tindakan direksi yang dilakukan di luar kewenangan atau melampaui kewenangan (ultra vires) tidak dapat dikualifikasi sebagai tindakan perseroan. Akibatnya, tindakan hukum tersebut tidak mengikat perseroan dan hanya mengikat Direksi secara pribadi dengan pihak ketiga. Permasalahan yang diteliti yaitu batas-batas kewenangan Direksi menurut UUPT dan doktrin dan konsep ultra vires direksi. Jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach) dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Tindakan direksi sepanjang dilakukan dalam batas-batas kewenangan yang diberikan oleh undang-undang dan anggaran dasar PT (intra vires) secara hukum dipandang sebagai tindakan PT selaku badan hukum. Tindakan Direksi yang dilakukan di luar kewenangan atau melampaui kewenangannya sebagaimana diatur dalam undang-undang dan anggaran dasar PT (ultra vires) Direksi harus bertanggung jawab secara pribadi dengan pihak ketiga.Kata Kunci: Tindakan Ultra Vires; Direksi; Perseroan Terbatas
THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE HANDLING OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Abrori Fahrul 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan sebagai stimulus untuk menjaga kestabilan masyarakat dan perekonomian. Pemerintah pusat memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan daerah untuk menangani covid-19 di daerah masing-masing. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemerintah daerah lebih memahami kebutuhan daerahnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat Pertama, bagaimana hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Kedua, Apa peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu desentralisasi fiskal yang mana. Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan melakukan refocusing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran, dan Penggunaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.Kata kunci: Pemerintah Daerah, Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia led the government to make policies as a stimulus to maintain the stability of society and the economy. The central government authorizes local governments to manage local finances to deal with covid-19 in their respective regions. This is because the local government better understands the needs of the region. The issue raised first, how is the relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Second, What is the role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Using normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches and concept approaches. The relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in Financial Management for the Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic is fiscal decentralization. The role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic is by refocusing activities, reallocating budgets, and using regional budgets.Keywords: Local Government, Regional Financial Management, Covid-19 Pandemic
"KAWIN TANGKAP" TRADITION IN MAQASID AL-SYARI’AH AND INDONESIAN LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Muhdi Muhdi 
Published: July 2021

This article is the result of a qualitative field research with a legal sociology approach. This article discusses the tradition of intermarrying with the eyes of Islamic law and positive law. The researcher uses the maqasid shariah theory in explaining the legal position of capture marriage. The maqasid shariah theory has a flexible and adaptive character in determining the legal status of localistic matters. The location of this research is in Pekalongan village, Sampang district, Madura. This study concludes that marriage arrests in the village of Pekalongan are legal, even obligatory, seeing that the implementation of the marriage arrest law cannot be separated from the main purpose of implementing Islamic laws. Capture marriage fulfills the maqashid al-sharī'ah element. Capture marriages function as hifd al din, namely tradition as religious social control, as a social protection system that fulfills the elements of hifdh an-nafs (avoiding cases of violence and vigilantism), hifdh an-nasl (avoiding offspring from illicit relationships), hifdh al-mal (avoiding the use of money in vain), hifdh al-aql (maintaining a healthy mindset and avoiding depression). Capture marriages are marriages that have no legal force because they are not registered..
Keywords: kawin tangkap tradition, maqasid shariah, law

Abstrak
Artikel ini adalah hasil penelitian kualitatif lapangan dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum. Artikel ini mendiskusikan tradisi kawin tangkap dengan kacamata hukum islam dan hukum positif. Peneliti menggunakan teori maqasid shariah dalam menjelaskan posisi hukum kawin tangkap. Teori maqasid shariah mempunyai karakter fleksibel dan adaptif dalam menentukan status hukum hal yang bersifat lokalistik. Lokasi penelitian ini berada di desa Pekalongan Kecamatan Sampang Madura. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kawin Tangkap di desa Pekalongan hukumnya boleh, bahkan wajib, melihat pemberlakuan hukum kawin tangkap tidak lepas dari tujuan pokok pemberlakuan hukum-hukum Islam. Kawin tangkap memenuhi unsur maqashid al-sharī’ah. Kawin tangkap berfungsi sebagai hifd al dīn yaitu tradisi sebagai kontrol sosial keagamaan, sebagai sistem perlindungan social yang memenuhi unsur hifdh an-nafs (menghindari terjadinya kasus kekerasan dan main hakim sendiri), hifdh an-nasl (menghindari adanya keturunan dari hubungan yang terlarang), hifdh al-mal (menghindari penggunaan uang dengan sia-sia ), hifdh al-aql (menjaga pola pikir sehat dan menghindari kedepresian ). Kawin tangkap merupakan nikah yang tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum karena tidak dicatatkan.
Kata Kunci: tradisi kawin tangkap, maqasid shariah, undang-undang positif.
FORCED SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP HUSBAND WIFE in ISLAM: MAQĀṢID SHARĪ'AH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Firiski Eki Resa 
Published: July 2021

This article is the result of library research. The direction of this research discussion is how the Islamic religion addresses the issue of forced sexual intercourse between husband and wife. This article discusses vis a vis between maqāsid sharī'ah and Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. Claim of this research is the forced sexual intercourse of husband and wife according to Law Number 23 of 2004 is in line with the objectives of Islamic law (maqashid syar'iah) which is to protect tauhid/monotheism (hifd al din) men and women. The equality of relations between men and women is contained in the teachings of mu'āsharah bi al-ma'rūf (good association). Sexual violence can occur in both husband and wife. If the husband forces sexual intercourse, then it is prohibited. Vice versa, if the wife refuses to have sex without a syar'i reason, then this is also prohibited. not allowed. According to Islamic law, sexual violence can be punished with a finger of ta'zir sanction. Islam forbids acts of forced sexual intercourse as well as violence by husbands against their wives. And vice versa. Islam came with the main mission of realizing the benefit of all creatures, men and women. Islam teaches equal and equal sexual relations between husband and wife.
Keywords: forced sexual intercourse, maqashid shari'ah

Abstrak
Artikel ini adalah hasil dari penelitian kepustakaan. Arah diskusi penelitian ini adalah bagaimana agama islam menyikapi isu pemaksaan hubungan seksual suami istri. Artikel ini mendiskusikan vis a vis antara maqāsid sharī’ah dan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Klaim penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemaksaan hubungan seksual suami istri menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 selaras dengan tujuan syariat islam (maqashid syar’iah) yaitu melindungi ketauhidan (hifd al dīn) laki-laki dan perempuan. Kesetaraan relasi laki-laki dan perempuan tertuang dalam ajaran mu’āsharah bi al-ma’rūf. Kekerasan seksual dapat terjadi pada istri maupun suami. Jika suami memaksa hubungan seksual, maka itu dilarang. Demikian pula sebaliknya, jika istri menolak berhubungan tanpa alasan yang syar’i, maka ini juga dilarang. tidak diperbolehkan. Menurut hukum Islam, kekerasan seksual dapat dipidana dengan sanksi jarimah ta’zir. Islam melarang tindakan pemaksaan hubungan seksual juga kekerasan yang dilakukan suami atas istri.dan juga sebaliknya. Islam datang dengan misi pokok mewujudkan kemaslahatan bagi seluruh makhluk, laki-laki maupun perempuan. Islam mengajarkan relasi seksual suami–istri yang sejajar dan setara.
Kata Kunci : pemaksaan hubungan seksual, maqashid syari’ah
GUARDIANS CONCEPT IN QUR'AN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Amin Habibi Al 
Published: July 2021

This article is the result of library research. The direction of this research discussion is how the process of interpreting ahkam works in producing a variety of guardianship concepts. This article discusses the application of esoteric interpretations of Hanafi and Syafi'I fiqh in the practice of istinbath and istidlal. The data sources of this research are the verses of the Qur'an and reference books that discuss the Hanafi and Shafi'I interpretation methods, namely al-Umm by Imam Shafi'I and al-Mabsut by as-Shaukani. This study concludes several things related to the concept of guardianship in the Qur'an. First, the concept of guardianship in the Qur'an cannot be imposed equally between Shafi'iyah and Hanafiyah. This difference arises because there is no sarih lafad that refers to the meaning of guardianship in the Qur'an. Second, the concept of guardianship appears diverse because the priests of the schools use different esoteric fiqh approaches in understanding the verses and al-Sunnah. The esoteric approach to fiqh carried out by Hanafi and Shafi'I relies on the same istinbath and istidlal process but the data used are different.
Keyword: concept, wali, qur'an

Abstrak
Artikel ini adalah hasil penelitian kepustakaan. Arah diskusi penelitian ini adalah bagaimana proses kerja tafsir ahkam dalam memproduksi keragaman konsep perwalian. Artikel ini mendiskusikan penerapan tafsir esoterik fiqih Hanafi dan Syafi’I dalam praktek istinbath dan istidlal. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah Ayat Al-Qur’an dan buku-buku referensi yang membahas metode tafsir Hanafi dan Syafi’I, yaitu al-Umm karya Imam Shafi’I dan al-Mabsut karya as-Shaukani. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan beberapa hal berkaitan dengan konsep perwalian dalam Al-Qur’an. Pertama, konsep perwalian dalam Al-Qur’an tidak dapat dipaksakan sama antara Shafi’iyah dan Hanafiyah Perbedaan ini muncul karena tidak ada lafad sarih yang menunjuk pengertian perwalian dalam Al-Qur’an. Kedua, konsep perwalian muncul beragam karena para imam mazhab menggunakan pendekatan esoterik fiqih yang berbeda-beda dalam memahami ayat-ayat dan al-Sunnah. Pendekatan esoterik fiqih yang dilakukan Hanafi dan Shafi’I bertumpu pada proses istinbath dan istidlal yang sama akan tetapi data yang digunakan berbeda
Kata Kunci : konsep, wali, al-qur’an
Improvement of Clinical Outcomes of Total Aortic Arch Replacement and Frozen Elephant Trunk Surgery With Aortic Balloon Occlusion
Authors: Wang Luchen , Cheng Zeyi , Li Yunfeng , Li Junpeng , Guo Hongwei , Liang Shenghua , Sun Xiaogang 
Published: July 2021

Background: Total aortic arch replacement (TAR) with frozen elephant trunk (FET) surgery provides improved long-term results, but the surgery itself is associated with higher risks compared with isolated proximal reconstructions. We applied an aortic balloon occlusion (ABO) technique to reduce the circulatory arrest (CA) time and improve other clinical outcomes.Methods: All patients who underwent TAR with FET surgery (130 with ABO technique, 230 with the conventional approach) in Fuwai Hospital from August 2017 to February 2019 were reviewed in this retrospective observational cohort study. Intra- and early-postoperative results and clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results: After 1:1 propensity score matching (130 cases in each group), the 30-day mortality of the ABO group and the conventional group were 4.6% and 10.8% (p = 0.063), respectively. Although the reduction in complications was not statistically significant, the complication rate in the ABO group was relatively low, having fewer cases of postoperative renal (23.1 vs. 38.5%, p = 0.007) and hepatic (12.3 vs. 30.0%, p &lt; 0.001) injury, lower postoperative wake-up time (15.2 ± 23.6 h vs. 20.1 ± 26.5 h, respectively, p &lt; 0.001), reduced chest tube output (176.03 ± 143.73 ml vs. 213.29 ± 130.12 ml, respectively, p = 0.003), lower red blood cell transfusion volume (4.98 ± 6.53 u vs. 7.28 ± 10.41 u, respectively, p = 0.008), and no fatal events.Conclusions: The ABO technique is a simple method that can reduce the CA time and improve the recovery stage following TAR with FET surgery. The technique represents a practical strategy to treat patients with high operative risks due to its lower complication rate compared with the conventional approach.
Performance of Two Novel Obesity Indicators for the Management of Metabolic Syndrome in Young Adults
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Ma Chunpeng , Yin Fuzai , Wang Rui , Lu Qiang , Lu Na , Ma Chunming 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathophysiological change based on the abnormal metabolism of many substances. The study aims to investigate the performance of visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) of MetS in young adults.Methods448 young adults aged between 19 and 24 years old in Qinhuangdao had been included in this cross-sectional study. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to assess the accuracy of these two obesity indicators for MetS.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was 2.0%. In male subjects, LAP had the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC) value (AUC = 0.963), followed by VAI (AUC = 0.937). In female subjects, LAP also had the highest AUC value (AUC = 0.931), followed by VAI (AUC = 0.861). No significant difference was found between the two obesity indicators (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe two obesity indicators were valuable for the screening of MetS in young adults, and LAP was the simpler of the two.
Decreased Neurofilament L Chain Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Tolerogenic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Natalizumab-Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patients – Brief Research Report
Authors: Moraes Adriel S. , Boldrini Vinicius O. , Dionete Alliny C. , Andrade Marilia D. , Longhini Ana Leda F. , Santos Irene , Lima Amanda D. R. , Silva Veronica A. P. G. , Dias Carneiro Rafael P. C. , Quintiliano Raphael P. S. , Ferrari Breno B. , Damasceno Alfredo , Pradella Fernando , Farias Alessandro S. , Tilbery Charles P. , Domingues Renan B. , Senne Carlos , Fernandes Gustavo B. P. , von Glehn Felipe , Brandão Carlos Otavio , Stella Carla R. A. V. , Santos Leonilda M. B. 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundNeurofilament Light (NfL) chain levels in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum have been correlated with the reduction of axonal damage in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with Natalizumab (NTZ). However, little is known about the function of plasmacytoid cells in NTZ-treated MS patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate CSF NfL, serum levels of soluble-HLA-G (sHLA-G), and eventual tolerogenic behavior of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in MS patients during NTZ treatment.MethodsCSF NfL and serum sHLA-G levels were measured using an ELISA assay, while pDCs (BDCA-2+) were accessed through flow cytometry analyses.ResultsCSF levels of NfL were significantly reduced during NTZ treatment, while the serum levels of sHLA-G were increased. Moreover, NTZ treatment enhanced tolerogenic (HLA-G+, CD274+, and HLA-DR+) molecules and migratory (CCR7+) functions of pDCs in the peripheral blood.ConclusionThese findings suggest that NTZ stimulates the production of molecules with immunoregulatory function such as HLA-G and CD274 programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) which may contribute to the reduction of axonal damage represented by the decrease of NfL levels in patients with MS.