bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter spp. in Broilers and Turkeys with Antimicrobial Use
Authors: Tenhagen Bernd-Alois , Flor Matthias , Alt Katja , Knüver Marie-Theres , Buhler Christiane , Käsbohrer Annemarie , Stingl Kerstin 
Published: June 2021

We investigated trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in poultry between 2010 and 2016 in Germany and their association with antimicrobial use. Campylobacter had been isolated from the caeca of broilers and turkeys at slaughter by regional laboratories according to current ISO methods in the framework of a national monitoring program. Isolates were submitted to the National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter and tested for AMR using broth microdilution methods. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were evaluated according to epidemiological cut-off values. Antimicrobial use (AMU) data from 2014 to 2016 were taken from a government report. AMR was higher in C. coli than in C. jejuni and higher in turkeys than in broilers. AMR was highest to tetracycline and the tested (fluoro)quinolones while it was rare to gentamicin in both bacterial species, infrequent to erythromycin in C. jejuni, and moderate in C. coli. AMR to tetracycline and erythromycin decreased over time while it increased to (fluoro)quinolones. An association of AMU and AMR was observed for resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin, while it was not observed for the aminoglycosides. Resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin increased despite a decrease of fluoroquinolone use between 2014 and 2016, indicating that other factors have a strong influence on resistance to (fluoro)quinolones in Campylobacter.
Gut Microbiota Dynamics in Natural Populations of Pintomyia evansi under Experimental Infection with Leishmania infantum
Authors: Vivero Rafael José , Castañeda-Monsalve Victor Alfonso , Romero Luis Roberto , D. Hurst Gregory , Cadavid-Restrepo Gloria , Moreno-Herrera Claudia Ximena 
Published: June 2021

Pintomyia evansi is recognized by its vectorial competence in the transmission of parasites that cause fatal visceral leishmaniasis in rural and urban environments of the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The effect on and the variation of the gut microbiota in female P. evansi infected with Leishmania infantum were evaluated under experimental conditions using 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq sequencing. In the coinfection assay with L. infantum, 96.8% of the midgut microbial population was composed mainly of Proteobacteria (71.0%), followed by Cyanobacteria (20.4%), Actinobacteria (2.7%), and Firmicutes (2.7%). In insect controls (uninfected with L. infantum) that were treated or not with antibiotics, Ralstonia was reported to have high relative abundance (55.1–64.8%), in contrast to guts with a high load of infection from L. infantum (23.4–35.9%). ASVs that moderately increased in guts infected with Leishmania were Bacillus and Aeromonas. Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric variance statistical inference showed statistically significant intergroup differences in the guts of P. evansi infected and uninfected with L. infantum (p < 0.05), suggesting that some individuals of the microbiota could induce or restrict Leishmania infection. This assay also showed a negative effect of the antibiotic treatment and L. infantum infection on the gut microbiota diversity. Endosymbionts, such as Microsporidia infections (<2%), were more often associated with guts without Leishmania infection, whereas Arsenophonus was only found in guts with a high load of Leishmania infection and treated with antibiotics. Finally, this is the first report that showed the potential role of intestinal microbiota in natural populations of P. evansi in susceptibility to L. infantum infection.
P∩N Bridged Cu(I) Dimers Featuring Both TADF and Phosphorescence. From Overview towards Detailed Case Study of the Excited Singlet and Triplet States
Authors: Hofbeck Thomas , Niehaus Thomas A. , Fleck Michel , Monkowius Uwe , Yersin Hartmut 
Published: June 2021

We present an overview over eight brightly luminescent Cu(I) dimers of the type Cu2X2(P∩N)3 with X = Cl, Br, I and P∩N = 2-diphenylphosphino-pyridine (Ph2Ppy), 2-diphenylphosphino-pyrimidine (Ph2Ppym), 1-diphenylphosphino-isoquinoline (Ph2Piqn) including three new crystal structures (Cu2Br2(Ph2Ppy)3 1-Br, Cu2I2(Ph2Ppym)3 2-I and Cu2I2(Ph2Piqn)3 3-I). However, we mainly focus on their photo-luminescence properties. All compounds exhibit combined thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and phosphorescence at ambient temperature. Emission color, decay time and quantum yield vary over large ranges. For deeper characterization, we select Cu2I2(Ph2Ppy)3, 1-I, showing a quantum yield of 81%. DFT and SOC-TDDFT calculations provide insight into the electronic structures of the singlet S1 and triplet T1 states. Both stem from metal+iodide-to-ligand charge transfer transitions. Evaluation of the emission decay dynamics, measured from 1.2 ≤ T ≤ 300 K, gives ∆E(S1-T1) = 380 cm−1 (47 meV), a transition rate of k(S1→S0) = 2.25 × 106 s−1 (445 ns), T1 zero-field splittings, transition rates from the triplet substates and spin-lattice relaxation times. We also discuss the interplay of S1-TADF and T1-phosphorescence. The combined emission paths shorten the overall decay time. For OLED applications, utilization of both singlet and triplet harvesting can be highly favorable for improvement of the device performance.
Aplikasi Berbasis Web untuk Penyusunan Laporan SHU Bagi Koperasi Simpan Pinjam
Authors: Virgiarini Dinda , Sukawati Renny , Adrian Monterico 
Published: June 2021

Koperasi Simpan Pinjam secara umum mengelola transaksi pinjaman, simpanan dan angsuran anggotanya serta sisa hasil usaha koperasi. Pengelolaan transaksi yang terjadi pada perusaahaan tersebut masih dilakukan secara konvensional. Hal itu menyebabkan lamanya proses pencatatan administrasi, sulitnya melakukan pencarian data karena data yang tidak tersusun rapi, serta memungkinkan adanya kesalahan perhitungan. Aplikasi ini merupakan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Fungsionalitas yang dimiliki oleh aplikasi ini adalah pengelolaan data anggota masuk , simpanan anggota yang dikelola adalah simpanan wajib, simpanan pokok, simpanan sukarela, pinjaman anggota, angsuran atas pinjaman dengan metode flate rate, serta perhitungan hasil usaha koperasi. Selain itu, aplikasi ini juga mampu menyajikan laporan simpanan, laporan pinjaman, jurnal umum, buku besar, laporan perhitungan hasil usaha, dan neraca guna pencatatan akuntansi koperasi yang dibutuhkan. Perancangan aplikasi yang digunakan adalah System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) dan waterfall merupakan sebagai model . Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan, aplikasi ini sudah diimplementasikan, diuji, dan dapat digunakan. Uji aplikasi yang sudah berhasil dimplemantasikan diantaranya adalah menambah pendaftaran anggota, menambah simpanan, menambah pengajuan pinjaman, menonaktifkan anggota, melihat buku besar, melihat laporan perhitungan hasil usaha dan melihat neraca. Pengujian yang telah dilakukan aplikasi ini masih perlu adanya pengembangan yang mungkin dilakukan yaitu aplikasi mampu melihat Riwayat penjaman dan angsuran anggota, aplikasi mampu melakukan perhitungan hasil usaha sesuai dengan pos-pos pembagiannya serta aplikasi mampu menampilan grafik simpanan, pinjaman, serta angsuran atas pinjaman agar memudahkan dalam melihat kenaikan ataupun penurunan atas fungsionalitas tersebut.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Belanja Pegawai Aparatur Desa Berbasis Web Menggunakan PHP dan MySQL
Authors: Hendarsyah Sasqia Dwicky Ambarputri 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat experimental karena seperti yang diketahui bahwa instansi pemerintah telah serentak menggunakan aplikasi yang diberikan oleh pusat pemerintahan itu sendiri. Namun tidak sedikit pegawai yang merasakan kesulitan dalam pengoperasian aplikasi tersebut. Peneliti melakukan survei dengan keluhan bahwa apliaksi tidak semudah yang dibayangkan maka dari itu peneliti berniat untuk membuat aplikasi yang lebih user friendly. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi akuntansi belanja pegawai aparatur desa berbasis web menggunakan PHP dan MySQL. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam merancang sistem informasi akuntansi belanja pegawai aparatur desa berbasis web menggunakan PHP dan MySQL ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode survei yaitu memperoleh data dari hasil kunjungan. Sistem informasi sudah sangat dibutuhkan dalam era saat ini antara lain adalah untuk membantu proses laporan keuangan secara jujur dan mendapatkan nilai yang akurat sesuai dengan standar akuntansi yang berlaku. Seperti yang sudah di jelaskan supaya lebih mudah dalam proses pengoperasian dibutuhkan sistem informasi akuntansi yang bersifat user friendl dan untuk penggunaan nya itu sendiri sesuai dengan keinginan user supaya berbagai masalah yang dihadapi selama menggunakan sistem informasi yang sebelumnya bisa teratasi sehingga akan lebih mudah dipahami dalam penggunaannya. Maka dari itu sistem informasi akuntansi belanja pegawai aparatur desa berbasis web menggunakan PHP dan MySQL supaya lebih mudah dipahami oleh user tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, Kelurahan, Belanja Pegawai
ABOUT RETURNING A TAPESTRY TO THE INTERIOR
Authors: Dvorkina I. 
Published: June 2021

A short excursion into the history of the European tapestry allows reminding the various methods of using tapestries in historical interiors of different historical periods, the role of tapestry in the USSR and in the post-Soviet territories.
The article analyzes the problems that led to the paradoxical situation that has developed in Russia when the number of artists specializing in creating tapestries after graduation from universities becomes more and more, but they remain not in demand.
Possible ways of using traditional tapestry and actual textile forms in modern interior design are suggested.
The problem of terminology is also discussed, which is now especially acute in all cultural areas.
Morbidity Management and Disability Prevention of Lymphatic Filariasis
Authors: Sangamithra A , Dhavamani P 
Published: June 2021

Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) vector-borne, chronically disabling parasitic contamination inflicting elephantiasis, lymphoedema, and hydrocele, is a leading public strength convenience as nicely as serious socioeconomic trouble due to its morbid condition, social stigma, and massive financial loss in many creating nations, and this sickness has been ranked as the second primary purpose of long-term continual incapacity worldwide. World Health Assembly decision in 1997 for Eliminate of Lymphatic Filariasis (ELF) via 2020 made all the filaria endemic nations in the world put efforts for its removing with the aid of regularly decreasing and finally interrupting the transmission of Lymphatic Filariasis (LF). Another lookup is wished to aid efforts to ‘scale-up morbidity manipulation and incapacity alleviation programs at the countrywide stage and to report the extent to which anti-filarial drug cure influences the direction of filariasis associated disorder.
Shadow Pandemic, An Inequitable Gender Violence during Covid-19: A Study Based on India
Authors: Arya S , Pradeep Kumar B 
Published: June 2021

During Covid-19, gender-based violence has been intensified and women have to be confined to aggressiveness and harassment from their abusive partners. The lockdown prevents women from moving to a safer places to avoid sexual and physical violence. Continuous calls to the NGOs and concerned authorities seeking help and support since the outburst of COVID-19 justifies this observation. Disrupted public services and diversion of resources to COVID-19 pandemic relief inhibit women from rightness and justice. This situation has soup-up violence behind the doors that leads to shadow pandemic. In India National women’s Commission reported a rise in registered domestic violence cases with the relaxation of lockdown, which points out the fact that a strong supporting system is necessary to ensure a high prior security system to women and girls all over the nation.
The Examination of Job Satisfaction of Teachers in terms of Commuting Time, Motivation and some Demographic Characteristic
Authors: Önen Özgür , Doğaner Yasemin Altındal 
Published: June 2021

Teachers’ appointments & relocations may create problems for both teachers & educational administers in centralized & developing countries. Policymakers should not only consider school needs but also give attention to teachers’ needs while appointing teachers to schools in a nationwide system. Current regulations in Turkey give priority to vacancies in schools. However, this priority causes partners to live apart from each other or let one of them work in schools located, generally, in rural districts or villages away from the other partner or family member in need of special care of a relative. Teachers who work under this circumstances complain about online forms, and teacher unions ask governmental agencies to reconsider their priorities. Both teacher unions and teachers argue that this system of reappointment causes them to be exhausted and feel unhappy. This study, it is aimed to understand if commuting time is related to teachers’ job satisfaction together with their motivation, gender, seniority, compulsory duty, and marital status. Results indicated that extrinsic motivation, commuting time & gender are significant predictors of job satisfaction. The findings of the study were discussed & possible suggestions are given according to the results.
Can We Actually Assess Learner Autonomy? The Problematic Nature of Assessing Student Autonomy
Authors: Holmes Andrew G D 
Published: June 2021

This paper explores, from a theoretical basis, the difficulty in defining and assessing learner autonomy in higher education. Although the development of learner autonomy as a key aim of higher education, it is a vague and ill-defined term. As such, the assessment of learner autonomy within university programs of study is highly problematic. The author argues that the authentic assessment of genuine learner autonomy may not be possible within formal credit-bearing programs of higher education. The aim of the paper is to stimulate reflection and discussion so that university teaching staff may reflect and consider whether they can assess autonomy in the programs they are responsible for.
Investigation of Teachers’ Opinions about Open Course Educational Materials: Case of Turkey
Authors: Ozdemir Furkan 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to determine whether math teachers have an idea about the open course materials and to get their opinions about the use of open course materials. The study employs a qualitative research approach. The research is carried out on 12 math teachers with professional experience working at all two high schools in the Eastern Anatolia Region in Turkey. In the research, Open Course Materials Interview Form (OCMIF) developed by the researchers was applied as a data collection tool. The content analysis method is used for data analysis. According to the results, it was seen that the teachers had information about the open course materials. Teachers also expressed the opinion that those not insufficient and uncontrolled for such sharing would be unhelpful. In addition, the teachers stated that there are some situations in which open lesson materials are not used in our country. In addition, pre-course preparation and post-course evaluation, the smart board for documents and topics related to the use of video, presentation, animation, such as to benefit from the activities were used.
Feministic Approach in Kamala Das’s My Story
Authors: Amal Robancy 
Published: June 2021

The role of the readers in reading a novel or a poem is to look through the eye of the author and to enjoy the beauty of the literary works. Kamala Das’s poetry, novels and short stories have always carried self-transformation and women empowerment asserting her rights freedom and desire to liberate her from the clutches of traditions and cultures which suppress women in the Indian society. This paper tries to analyze the outspoken and controversial autobiography and an unheard cry for freedom of many Indian women and depicts how revealing the inner self of a woman free her from the oppression of Caste, class, race and sex. It has become a cult classic in the 20th century. It attempts to see the feministic approach of the novel.
Sufferings and Starvation in Kamala Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve
Authors: Malathi V P 
Published: June 2021

Kamala Markandaya is one of the best known contemporary Indian novelists. Her novels are remarkable for their range of experience. Her first novel Nectar in a Sieve is set in a village and it examines the hard agricultural life of the south Indian village where industry and modern technology played havoc. Kamala Markandaya occupies a very important position among the women novelist who have made substantial contribution to Indian fiction after the Second World War. Markandaya had not always lived abroad. She was born as Kamala Purnaiya in 1924 in Mysore and she was also a journalist. At some point, she decided to spend 18 months in a village “out of curiosity”. This inspired the setting of her first novel, centred on Rukmani and her husband Nathan. Nectar in a Sieve is remarkable for its portrayal of rustics who live in fear, hunger and despair. It is of the dark future; fear of the sharpness of hunger; fear of blackness of death. Almost all the characters in this novel lead miserable life and most of them fail to survive. There are at least a couple of them who were not successfully struggle and have the concept of survival. This novel tells the story of landless peasants of India who face starvation, oppression, breakup of family, home and death. Yet they retain their compassion, love, the strength to face their life and take delight in the little pleasures of the daily existence.
Kepemimpinan Kristen di Era Bonus Demografi Pasca Sensus Penduduk Indonesia Tahun 2020
Authors: Setiawan David Eko 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: The results of the 2020 population census show that Indonesia is still in the era of demographic bonuses. This phenomenon can be a boon and a disaster if not appropriately addressed. Christian leadership should see this as a challenge and opportunity for the development of the present and future church. This article aims to explain Christian Leadership in the era of demographic bonuses after the 2020 Indonesian population census. While the research problem in this study is how Christian leadership in the era of demographic bonuses post-census population of Indonesia in 2020? The method used in this study is the library method. The result of this study is Christian leadership in the era of demographic bonuses post-census population of Indonesia in 2020 must be responsive to the changing times, must think about the outreach model of the younger generation more relevant and contextual, should present a holistic service model. Keywords: Christian Leadership, Demographic Bonuses, Population Census
Abstrak: Hasil sensus penduduk tahun 2020 menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia masih berada pada era bonus demografi. Fenomena ini dapat menjadi anugerah dan petaka jika tidak disikapi secara tepat. Kepemimpinan Kristen seharusnya memandang hal tersebut sebagai tantangan dan peluang bagi pengembangan gereja masa kini dan masa depan. Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan Kepemimpinan Kristen di era bonus demografi pasca sensus penduduk Indonesia tahun 2020. Sedangkan reseach problem dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah Kepemimpinan Kristen di era bonus demografi pasca sensus penduduk Indonesia tahun 2020? Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Kepemimpinan Kristen di era bonus demografi pasca sensus penduduk Indonesia tahun 2020 wajib tanggap terhadap perubahan zaman, wajib memikirkan model penjangkauan generasi muda yang lebih relevan dan kontekstual, seyogyanya menghadirkan model pelayanan yang holistik.

Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan Kristen, Bonus Demografi, Sensus Penduduk
Kematian Seutuhnya Dalam Pengakuan Gereja Toraja Menurut Pandangan Antropologi Metafisik
Authors: Salewa Wandrio 
Published: June 2021

Death is a reality that every human being must experience. In death all human power and effort during his life becomes terminated, meaningless and death stops everything. Even so, humans believe in themselves there is something that is not affected by death, namely the soul, so that only the body experiences death. Whether influenced by philosophical thinking or traditional views. The dead body and the immortal soul contain the notion of a soul containing divine elements.
The description in this paper focus on understanding death as a whole using a metaphysical anthropology approach. With the research method of literature study and cursory observations, the result show that humans die completely and live completely. Humans experience death in both body and soul. However, on the other hand, in personal relationships with others, it is found that the body and soul remain intact in the memories of others, even though someone’s person has died. The concept og human death as a whole, in the view of metaphysical anthropology, has similarities with complete death, is the recognition of the Toraja church.

Keywords: Death, Body, Spirit, Metaphysical Anthropology, Wholeness and Unity.
Studi Deskriptif Konflik dalam Komunitas Religius yang Berwajah Multikultural Ditinjau dari Aksiologi Max Scheler
Authors: Baylon Steviano Alyanro 
Published: June 2021

Abstrak:
Kesadaran akan nilai persatuan di zaman ini sudah mulai pudar. Sekelompok orang sering menjadikan perbedaan, sebagai motif untuk memecah belah persatuan. Sehingga tidak jarang, banyak terjadi konflik diantar budaya yang tak kunjung usai. Perbedaan budaya menjadi penyebab konflik yang terjadi di antara masyarakat Indonesia salah satunya komunitas Frater. Maka dalam tulisan ini penulis mau mendalami nilai egaliter sebagai alat pemersatu di dalam komunitas Frater yang terkadang mengalami konflik. Konflik yang terjadi karena adanya pandangan yang berbeda mengenai nilai atau kebiasaan diantara budaya di dalam komunitas tersebut. Dalam hirarki nilai Max Scheler ada nilai spiritual yang dapat menjadi landasan yang baik untuk menjadikan komunitas frater yang memiliki nilai kasih persaudaraan, sebab dalam nilai egaliter terkandung penghargaan terhadap martabat dan kedudukan manusia yang sederajat dengan manusia lainnya. Maka nilai egaliter sangatlah dibutuhkan untuk membangun komunitas religius yang ideal sesuai dengan nilai kesatuan, sehingga komunitas frater dapat tumbuh dalam multikultural yang membangun kebersamaan, tanpa menumbuhkan konflik.