bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy tests of erythrocyte indexes in the differential diagnosis of beta thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia: A preliminary report
Authors: BALCI Tevfik , AYAN Durmuş , TÜRKYÜREK Cevdet , BAYRAM Ergül 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The most common anemias are iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta-thalassemia minor (BTm). A correct differantiation of them is important in terms of preventing unnecessary iron treatment and also preventing thalassemia disease. Considering the financial limitations specifically in countries with high prevalence of thalassemia, mathematical indices, which are simpler solutions, have been used to achieve a differential diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: Total of 71 cases eligible for inclusion criteria were included in the study and 11 indices were examined. 46 of the cases were in the BTm-group and 25 of the cases were in the IDA-group. The BTm-group were accepted as positive-patient-group and the IDA-group were accepted as control-group. Diagnostic criteria were evaluated with erythrocyte indices.
Results: The highest Youden Index was seen in the Sirdah index (89.48%), followed by two identical performances of the Ehsani and the Mentzer indices (84.%), indicating that these three indices showed the best diagnostic performance. There were two indices with a low performance (DOR
Diş kayıplarının yüzde sabit iz olarak değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Balcı Yasemin , Gürpınar Kağan , Afşin Hüseyin , Çolak Başar 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to contribute to the implementation partnership by determining the opinions about “whether the traumatic tooth loss is accepted as a permanent mark on the face or not” within the framework of the Turkish Penal Code.
Method: In the study, an informative text was presented to forensic medicine specialist, dentists and judiciary, containing different views. Then, a questionnaire including their areas of expertise, their province, duration of experience, and their opinions on the subject was applied. The survey data were analyzed and evaluated through a statistical program.
Results: A total of 162 people, 103 of whom were forensic medicine specialists, 38 lawyers and 21 dentists, participated in the survey. The 38.8% of forensic medicine specialists, 90.5% of dentists and 34% of lawyers are working in Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir. 61.1% of the participants have 10 (-) years of experience, 38.5% have 11(+) years of experience. The forensic medicine specialists are significantly higher in the group of 10 (-) year experienced group (p <0.05). 87% of the participants are of the opinion that conditional or unconditional "tooth loss should be evaluated as a permanent scarring". There was no significant difference in terms of evaluation of tooth loss as a permanent mark on the face according to expertise and experience of the participants (p> 0.05). The opinions expressed by the participants in writing were also presented.
Conclusion: The general approach is to evaluate the incurable tooth loss as permanent mark on the face.
Subacute and chronic post-covid myoendocarditis: clinical presentation, role of coronavirus persistence and autoimmune mechanisms
Authors: Blagova O. V. , Kogan E. A. , Lutokhina Yu. A. , Kukleva A. D. , Ainetdinova D. H. , Novosadov V. M. , Rud` R. S. , Zaitsev A. Yu. , Zaidenov V. A. , Kupriyanova A. G. , Alexandrova S. А. , Fomin V. V. 
Published: July 2021

Aim To study clinical features of myoendocarditis and its possible mechanisms, including persistence of SARS-Cov-2 in the myocardium, in the long-term period following COVID-19.Material and methods This cohort, prospective study included 15 patients aged 47.8±13.4 years (8 men) with post-COVID myocarditis. The COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed for all patients. Median time to seeking medical care after COVID-19 was 4 [3; 7] months. The diagnosis of myocarditis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart (n=10) and by endomyocardial biopsy of the right ventricle (n=6). The virus was detected in the myocardium with PCR; immunohistochemical (IHC) study with antibody to SARS-Cov-2 was performed; anticardiac antibody level was measured; and echocardiography and Holter monitoring were performed. Hemodynamically significant coronary atherosclerosis was excluded for all patients older than 40 years.Results All patients showed a clear connection between the emergence or exacerbation of cardiac symptoms and COVID-19. 11 patients did not have any signs of heart disease before COVID-19; 4 patients had previously had moderate arrhythmia or heart failure (HF) without myocarditis. Symptoms of myocarditis emerged at 1–5 months following COVID-19. MRI revealed typical late gadolinium accumulation, signs of hyperemia, and one case of edema. The level of anticardiac antibodies was increased 3-4 times in 73 % больных. Two major clinical variants of post-COVID myocarditis were observed. 1. Arrhythmic (n=6), with newly developed extrasystole or atrial fibrillation without systolic dysfunction. 2. Decompensated variant with systolic dysfunction and biventricular HF (n=9). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 34.1±7.8 %, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension was 5.8±0.7 cm. In one case, myocarditis was associated with signs of IgG4‑negative aortitis. SARS-Cov-2 RNA was found in 5 of 6 biopsy samples of the myocardium. The longest duration of SARS-Cov-2 persistence in the myocardium was 9 months following COVID-19. By using antibody to the Spike antigen and nucleocapsid, SARS-Cov-2 was detected in cardiomyocytes, endothelium, and macrophages. Five patients were diagnosed with lymphocytic myocarditis; one with giant-cell myocarditis; three patients had signs of endocarditis (infectious, lymphocytic with mural thrombosis).Conclusion Subacute/chronic post-COVID myocarditis with isolated arrhythmias or systolic dysfunction is characterized by long-term (up to 9 months) persistence of SARS-Cov-2 in the myocardium in combination with a high immune activity. Endocarditis can manifest either as infectious or as nonbacterial thromboendocarditis. A possibility of using corticosteroids and anticoagulants in the treatment of post-COVID myoendocarditis should be studied.
Occupational COVID-19 exposure among health care workers in obstetric unit in a Central Government Hospital in India: initial experience
Authors: Tondon Neha Pruthi , Malik Renuka , Kumari Kanika , Singh Anjali 
Published: July 2021

Background: Health care workers (HCW) are the frontline warriors who are at a high risk of acquiring the COVID-19. HCW in obstetrical department are at high-risk due to their close proximity with the patient for examination, giving treatment and in delivery. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the positivity rate of COVID-19 in the initial 3 months of pandemic in health care personnel working in obstetric unit in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Prospective cohort study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology at tertiary care hospital in Delhi from 10 April to 10 June 2020. Predesigned questionnaire was used to record data of HCWs exposed to COVID-19 patients.Results: In a period of 3 months (April-June 2020), 152 health care workers were exposed to 30 COVID-19 patients. Out of this, 10 HCW were found to be positive on testing, showing a positivity rate of 6.58%. Positivity ratio was 6:3:1 among nurses, auxiliary workers and doctors respectively. Labor room was area of high infection as 80% of HCW were infected in the labor room .80% HCW acquired infection during patient care in hospital and 20% were infected in contact with asymptomatic COVID-19 positive HCW.Conclusions: Positivity rate in obstetric department is comparable to that of general population. Appropriate infection prevention measures like use of PPE, handwashing and maintain safe distance from the patient is the key to prevention of infection. Gloves and N95 masks have been shown to provide superior protection as compared to triple layer masks. Nursing staff and auxiliary workers should be reinforced the importance of use of PPE, hand hygiene and physical distancing.
A comparison of regulatory approval of clinical trial protocol with different countries
Authors: Amaresh K. , Salimath Geetanjali , Ganachari M. S. , Devarinti Revana S. , Kumar Uday 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstract">In present scenario, different countries must follow different regulatory requirements for protocol approval process of new drug application. Present study, we studied the regulatory requirements, timelines of approval and guidelines according to central drug standard control organization (CDSCO), therapeutic goods administration (TGA), food and drug administration (FDA) and European medical agency (EMA). The objective was to compare the regulatory approval of clinical trial protocol process. A comparative observational study was undertaken among the clinical trials and regulatory bodies of India (CDSCO), Australia (TGA), US (USFDA), Europe (EMA). The study specified various regulatory guidelines and safety requirements for conduct and inspection of clinical trial. Clinical trial protocol guidelines the essential documents are determined, and various timelines are being identified. And compared with the fees with other countries. Indian payments were compared with other countries. Timelines with safety reporting were compared with other 3 countries (Europe, Australia and US). The regulatory guidelines in the clinical trial different between countries. There is different timelines and requirements of clinical trial application approval process for each regulatory body. This study methodology has enabled comparisons to be made both within agencies and between different authorities and has identified differences in the timelines that applications spend in different stages of the review.</p><p> </p>
Clinico-pathological profile of scrub typhus in children: a cross sectional study from Eastern India
Authors: Dasgupta Rayan , Basu Sumita , Mukherjee Asha 
Published: July 2021

Background: Scrub typhus is a vector-borne zoonosis, endemic in Asia and it may present as an undifferentiated fever or with multisystem involvement. This study was carried out to understand the varied presentation of scrub typhus in children and the response to treatment in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India.Methods: All children between 1 month and 12 year of age admitted with fever for more than 5 days and positive IgM ELISA for scrub typhus were included in the study and their course in hospital was documented. They were randomly divided into 2 groups of 41 patients each, into doxycycline and azithromycin group and were then evaluated for therapeutic response.Results: In this study, pallor (89%) was the commonest finding followed by hepato-splenomegaly (73.2%), pneumonia (65.9%) and rash was found in 43.9%. Eschar was found in 32.9% whereas serious complications like shock and meningoencephalitis was found in 9.8%. Pericardial effusion was detected in 23.2% cases, coronary artery dilatation in 11% cases and both effusion as well as coronary artery dilation was found in 2.4%. In azithromycin group, 73.2% patients had drug response whereas in doxycycline group, 92.7% patients had drug response and this association was statistically significant (p=0.0188). Two patients who presented late with shock expired but all others responded to treatment and were doing well on follow up.Conclusions: Scrub typhus may present with multisystem involvement including cardiac manifestation which needs to be identified early by echocardiography. Doxyclycine is still the best modality of treatment and if used early, outcome is favourable.
Critical assessment of occupational health hazard in hospitality industry in Kano state, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Yusuf M. , Garba Hamza , Baba Ibrahim , Musa Abuhuraira Ado , Muhammad Faisal 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It is a known fact that different occupations are occupied with different forms of hazard. Regardless to the nature, size and the enterprise scope of operation, the occupations available in the enterprise are no doubt associated with one form of hazard or the other. The purpose of this study was to critically assess the occupational hazard in hospitality industry in Kano state.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 384 people from the selected hotels were recruited to form the sample of the study using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection in the study was self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study 50.0% of the respondents were ≤25 years and 54.9% of the respondents were male. More than three-fifths (64.0%) were civil servants, and most of the respondents (63.0%) were single. About 53.4% of them had tertiary level of education and above. Slightly below four-fifths (79.9%) of the respondents knew about physical work hazard and 75.0% of them were aware that physical work hazard can cause ailment and subsequently ill-health to employees and customers. Close to seven-tenths (69.8%) of the respondents understood what is meant by biological factors when issue relating to work hazard is being addressed. Little above half (53.4%) of the respondents knew what chemical hazard is all about and 75.8% of the respondents mentioned that if workable measures are implemented, this will reduce the occurrence of work related hazards.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is lack of proper knowledge regarding the physical, chemical and biological hazards among the study participants. Government must provide suitable and enforcement laws that will enforce laws towards sustainable organizational safety.
The role of oxidants and antioxidative parameters in patients with hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Bahcebasi Sami , Baskol Gulden , Baskol Mevult 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hepatic encephalopathy is a serious neuropsychiatric complication of cirrhosis. Changes in the oxidative and anti-oxidative system and nitric oxide levels in brain tissue contribute to the development of symptoms related to HE and HE. Purpose of the study to reveal the alterations in oxidative, anti-oxidative system and nitric oxide levels in cirrhotic patients during and after hepatic encephalopathy periods.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a randomized controlled double-blind study conducted in Erciyes University Hospital between 3 July 2010 and 30 March 2011. We investigated the oxidative and anti-oxidative stress parameters by quantification of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total thiol and xanthine oxidase (XO) levels in serum. We compared the group of patients with hepatic encephalopathy, post-hepatic encephalopathy (clinically recovered) and control groups (healthy control). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Thirty hepatic encephalopathy patients were studied. Serum levels of nitric oxide and xanthine oxidase were statistically significantly high in the hepatic encephalopathy group according to control group (p&lt;0.031, and p&lt;0.001, respectively). Serum thiol levels were significantly low in hepatic encephalopathy patients than the controls (p&lt;0.001). Total oxidant capacity, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase levels were not significantly different in hepatic encephalopathy group than the controls. Serum thiol levels were low and serum NO levels were high in recovered clinically from hepatic encephalopathy group according to control group currently (p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and xanthine oxidase levels were similar in both groups (p&gt;0.05). Total antioxidant capacity and especially xanthine oxidase levels were significantly decreased in recovered clinically from hepatic encephalopathy group compared to hepatic encephalopathy group (p&lt;0.05, p&lt;0.001, respectively).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Oxidative system, in systemic circulation, is activated during hepatic encephalopathy and changes in XO level during and after hepatic encephalopathy is very different. This parameter may be a potential marker in differential diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy from other coma causes. Further investigation is needed.</p>
Evaluation of peripheral blood cell levels in nasal polyposis, anthrochoanal polip and inverted papillom patients
Authors: Birinci Mehmet , Terzi Suat , Çeliker Metin , Dursun Engin 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal polyps, antrochoanal polyps and Inverted papilloma are nasal masses. The aim of this study the levels and rates of peripheral blood cells are examined in patients with nasal polyps, antrochoanal polyps, and inverted papilloma, and it is investigated whether peripheral blood elements can be used as a marker in the differential diagnosis of these three pathologies</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The files of 70 patients were retrospectively analyzed between January 2015 and December 2018. Patient were divided into three groups as inverted papilloma, nasal polyposis and antrochoanal polyp. Neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, monocyte and platelet counts, NLR, ELO, MLO, BLO and TLO values of each of these three groups were compared statistically separately.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 patients, including 24 nasal polyps, 26 antrochoanal polyps, and 20 inverted papillomas, were included in the study. There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of NLR, BLO, MLO, TLO (p=0.479). Only ELO value was higher in the nasal polyp group (p=0.035).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> As in many areas, easier and cheaper diagnostic methods and markers are needed in nasal cavity masses. In our study, we found no evidence that peripheral blood cells could be used to guide the diagnosis and treatment plan of the most common mass lesions of the nasal cavity. Broader and more comprehensive studies are needed for definitive results. </p>
“AE IRMÃO, QUER SABER DO NOSSO DIA A DIA? COLA NA ESQUINA DA PERIFERIA”: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O MOVIMENTO HIP-HOP E A FORMAÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA DE SUJEITO PERIFÉRICO NO EXTREMO-LESTE ORLANDINO (1990-2010)
Authors: Pereira Bruno Cesar 
Published: July 2021

Ao longo deste artigo, buscaremos analisar o movimento Hip-Hop no município de Orlândia, localizado na região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo. Destacaremos neste estudo, que este movimento no contexto desta cidade tomou forma através das músicas do grupo de rap Mente Armada, da dança breaking dos Maincon’s e pelas pichações com frases de ordem pela cidade. Da mesma forma, nesta investigação destacaremos as contribuições deste movimento na construção identitária de “sujeito periférico”, sobretudo, na região do extremo-leste orlandino, que corresponde aos bairros Jardim Santa Rita e Conjunto Habitacional José Vieira Brasão.
Clinical profile and visual outcome of optic neuritis patients in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Prakash Kinikar Vijay , Pendyala Yashaswi , Vijay Kumar K. 
Published: July 2021

To study the clinical profile and visual outcome of optic neuritis Study population included patients who were clinically diagnosed as Optic neuritis at Department of Ophthalmology, Mamata medical college. A total of 30 cases were taken up for the study. Patients were examined in detail at presentation and treated with ONTT regimen and follow up done at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months.Most common age group affected was 20- 50 years with mean of 39.36yrs. Highest incidence was seen in age group of 41-50yrs which was found to be 36.7%. Higher incidence was seen in females. Females constituted 63.33%. Female to Male ratio was 1.72:1. Higher incidence of Papilitis was seen among males and RBN was more commonly seen among females. Incidence of retrobubar neuritis was slightly higher than papilitis. All presented with DOV. Pain was present in 56.66%. Loss of vision persisted more than 1 month in case of papilitis. BCVA after ONTT had very good improvement. After treatment majority had vision between 6/18-6/6 (46.38%) and was statistically significant. Also after 1month and 3 months majority had vision between 6/18-6/6 [60.52% and 64.56% respectively]. Only 3.23% had VA less than 6/60 after 3months. There was improvement in both colour vision and contrast sensitivity but was not statistically significant. Central and centrocaecal scotoma was most common visual field defect. MRI brain was done in only 11 patients due to financial constraints which revealed two MS and 3 cases of increased signal intensity in short segment of Optic nerve. The recurrence rate in our study was 6.66%.The clinical profile of ON in Indian patients is different from that in the Western population. Unlike reported in the Western literature, Papillitis is as frequent as Retrobulbar neuritis in the Indian setup, with poorer visual outcome.
To evaluate ocular manifestations in primary hypertension
Authors: Sinha Durgesh Kumar , Sujatha MA Rani 
Published: July 2021

To evaluate ocular manifestations in primary severe hypertension.: A retrospective chart review of 100 eyes of 50 patients in age group 45-60 years diagnosed with primary severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥ 180 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] ≥ 110 mm of Hg) in a tertiary hospital in 6 months from December 2018 to May 2019. Vision with evaluated with Snellen’s chart, fundus was examined with IDO, DO, +90D, +20 D lens and OCT was done.: Mean age were found to be 51 years ±9.8 under treatment for essential hypertension. Fundus findings included Arteriolar Narrowing (both Focal and Generalized arteriolar Narrowing), Hard Exudates, Cotton Wool Patches, Flame Shaped Haemorrhages, Optic disc edema, Disc haemorrhages. OCT findings included Macular Oedema, Irregular reflection, Sub Retinal Fluid, Inner Retinal Fluid, Hyper Reflective Dots.: This study can be used as an early diagnostic tool in hypertension. Severe hypertension may lead to may exudative changes. With Arteriolar Narrowing and Hyperreflective Dots within retina as the most common findings. Awareness should be spread regarding ophthalmological examination among patients so that timely measures can be initiated to stop the progression of disease.