bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A search for optical laser emission from Proxima Centauri
Authors: Marcy G W 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
A search for laser light from Proxima Centauri was performed, including 107 high-resolution, optical spectra obtained between 2004 and 2019 with the HARPS spectrometer. The search for laser light involved rejecting sharp peaks in the spectrum from stellar flares, fluorescent city lights, and elementary particles that directly hit the CCD detector. The search revealed unexpected spectral ‘combs’ found at equally spaced frequencies, which were not known to the observer nor to the builder of the spectrometer. But they came from stray, optical ghosts of light originating with an interferometric etalon filter and its light source at the telescope. Future observers must be aware of this contamination. The 107 spectra of Proxima Centauri show no evidence of any laser emission nor technological signatures of any type. Of special interest are 29 spectra obtained between March and July 2019 when the candidate technological radio signal, BLC1, was captured by Breakthrough Listen. This search would have revealed laser light from Proxima Centauri pointed toward Earth if the laser had a power at least 20 to 120 kilowatts (depending on wavelength) and was positioned within the 1.3 au field of view, assuming a benchmark laser launcher having a 10-m aperture. Smaller lasers would also have been detected, but would require more power.
Hot planets around cool stars – two short-period mini-Neptunes transiting the late K-dwarf TOI-1260
Authors: Georgieva I Y , Persson C M , Barragán O , Nowak G , Fridlund M , Locci D , Palle E , Luque R , Carleo I , Gandolfi D , Kane S R , Korth J , Stassun K G , Livingston J , Matthews E C , Collins K A , Howell S B , Serrano L M , Albrecht S , Bieryla A , Brasseur C E , Ciardi D , Cochran W D , Colon K D , Crossfield I J M , Csizmadia Sz , Deeg H J , Esposito M , Furlan E , Gan T , Goffo E , Gonzales E , Grziwa S , Guenther E W , Guerra P , Hirano T , Jenkins J M , Jensen E L N , Kabáth P , Knudstrup E , Lam K W F , Latham D W , Levine A M , Matson R A , McDermott S , Osborne H L M , Paegert M , Quinn S N , Redfield S , Ricker G R , Schlieder J E , Scott N J , Seager S , Smith A M S , Tenenbaum P , Twicken J D , Vanderspek R , Van Eylen V , Winn J N 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery and characterization of two sub-Neptunes in close orbits, as well as a tentative outer planet of a similar size, orbiting TOI-1260 – a low metallicity K6 V dwarf star. Photometry from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS) yields radii of Rb = 2.33 ± 0.10 and Rc = 2.82 ± 0.15 R⊕, and periods of 3.13 and 7.49 d for TOI-1260 b and TOI-1260 c, respectively. We combined the TESS data with a series of ground-based follow-up observations to characterize the planetary system. From HARPS-N high-precision radial velocities we obtain Mb = $8.6 _{ - 1.5 } ^ { + 1.4 }$ and Mc = $11.8 _{ - 3.2 } ^ { + 3.4 }$ M⊕. The star is moderately active with a complex activity pattern, which necessitated the use of Gaussian process regression for both the light-curve detrending and the radial velocity modelling, in the latter case guided by suitable activity indicators. We successfully disentangle the stellar-induced signal from the planetary signals, underlining the importance and usefulness of the Gaussian process approach. We test the system’s stability against atmospheric photoevaporation and find that the TOI-1260 planets are classic examples of the structure and composition ambiguity typical for the 2–3 R⊕ range.
Ionization correction factors and dust depletion patterns in giant H ii regions
Authors: Amayo A , Delgado-Inglada G , Stasińska G 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We provide new ionization correction factors (ICFs) for carbon, nitrogen, neon, sulfur, chlorine, and argon in giant H ii regions. The ICFs were computed using the most representative photoionization models from a large initial grid. The models were selected using an observational sample of 985 giant H ii regions (GHR) in spiral galaxies and blue compact galaxies (BCG). The observational sample was also used to assign a weight to each model describing how well it agrees with observations in the [O iii]/H β versus [N ii]/H α diagram. In addition to the ICFs we provide, for the first time, analytical expressions for their formal uncertainties. We use our ICFs to compute the abundances of nitrogen, neon, sulfur, and argon in our samples. Our abundances are robust within the adopted framework, but may require revision in the case of important changes in atomic data or in the spectral energy distribution of the ionizing radiation in H ii regions. Considering the abundance patterns we obtained for the BCG sample (abundances for the GHR sample are less reliable) we find that oxygen is depleted into dust grains at a rate increasing with metallicity and reaching 0.12 dex at solar abundances. The discussion of possible depletion of sulfur and argon requires considering recent Type Ia Supernova yields, which are still uncertain.
Red Be stars in the Magellanic Clouds?
Authors: Vieira Katherine , García-Varela Alejandro , Sabogal Beatriz , Rímulo Leandro Rocha , Hernández Jesús 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We revisit the subject of Be candidate stars towards the Magellanic Clouds, previously studied by the authors using SPM4 proper motions. We obtain Gaia DR2 parallaxes and proper motions for 2357 and 994 LMC and SMC Be candidates, respectively. Parallaxes and proper motions versus colour V − I easily reveal the presence of the redder galactic contaminant foreground, as concluded in our previous work, but this time we do find a few red Be candidates consistent with being true Magellanic objects. A membership assessment to each Magellanic Cloud is done for each Be candidate, based on the distribution of their parallaxes and proper motions. From a compilation of published catalogues of spectroscopically confirmed emission line stars,we find that 41 (LMC) and 56 (SMC) of the Be candidates have shown the Hα line in emission. Near-infrared IRSF JHKs magnitudes are obtained for about 70 per cent of the Be candidates with Gaia DR2 astrometric data. Mid-infrared SAGE IRAC 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 $\mu$m magnitudes are obtained for about 85 per cent as well. After discarding possible Herbig Ae/Be stars, one LMC and three SMC B emission line confirmed stars show significantly redder optical, near- and mid-infrared colours than what has been typically measured for Classical Be stars – they are called red Be stars. Taking into account that classical Be stars do not show these red colours, further studies about these four stars are needed in order to establish their true nature and explain the observed red excess.
CNVxplorer: a web tool to assist clinical interpretation of CNVs in rare disease patients
Authors: Requena Francisco , Abdallah Hamza Hadj , García Alejandro , Nitschké Patrick , Romana Sergi , Malan Valérie , Rausell Antonio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Copy Number Variants (CNVs) are an important cause of rare diseases. Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization tests yield a ∼12% diagnostic rate, with ∼8% of patients presenting CNVs of unknown significance. CNVs interpretation is particularly challenging on genomic regions outside of those overlapping with previously reported structural variants or disease-associated genes. Recent studies showed that a more comprehensive evaluation of CNV features, leveraging both coding and non-coding impacts, can significantly improve diagnostic rates. However, currently available CNV interpretation tools are mostly gene-centric or provide only non-interactive annotations difficult to assess in the clinical practice. Here, we present CNVxplorer, a web server suited for the functional assessment of CNVs in a clinical diagnostic setting. CNVxplorer mines a comprehensive set of clinical, genomic, and epigenomic features associated with CNVs. It provides sequence constraint metrics, impact on regulatory elements and topologically associating domains, as well as expression patterns. Analyses offered cover (a) agreement with patient phenotypes; (b) visualizations of associations among genes, regulatory elements and transcription factors; (c) enrichment on functional and pathway annotations and (d) co-occurrence of terms across PubMed publications related to the query CNVs. A flexible evaluation workflow allows dynamic re-interrogation in clinical sessions. CNVxplorer is publicly available at http://cnvxplorer.com.
Accelerator-based BNCT for patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a multicenter phase II study
Authors: Kawabata Shinji , Suzuki Minoru , Hirose Katsumi , Tanaka Hiroki , Kato Takahiro , Goto Hiromi , Narita Yoshitaka , Miyatake Shin-Ichi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) utilizes tumor-selective particle radiation. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of accelerator-based BNCT (AB-BNCT) using a cyclotron-based neutron generator (BNCT 30) and 10B-boronophenylalanine (SPM-011) in patients with recurrent malignant glioma (MG) (primarily glioblastoma [GB]).

Methods
This multi-institutional, open-label, phase II clinical trial involved 27 recurrent MG cases, including 24 GB cases, who were enrolled from February 2016 to June 2018. The study was conducted using the abovementioned AB-BNCT system, with 500 mg/kg SPM-011 (study code: JG002). The patients were bevacizumab-naïve and had recurrent MG after standard treatment. The primary endpoint was the 1-year survival rate, and the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results were compared to those of a previous Japanese domestic bevacizumab trial for recurrent GB (JO22506).

Results
The 1-year survival rate and median OS of the recurrent GB cases in this trial were 79.2% (95% CI: 57.0–90.8) and 18.9 months (95% CI: 12.9–not estimable), respectively, whereas those of JO22506 were 34.5% (90% CI: 20.0–49.0) and 10.5 months (95% CI: 8.2–12.4), respectively. The median PFS was 0.9 months (95% CI: 0.8–1.0) by the RANO criteria. The most prominent adverse event was brain edema. Twenty-one of 27 cases were treated with bevacizumab following progressive disease.

Conclusions
AB-BNCT demonstrated acceptable safety and prolonged survival for recurrent MG. AB-BNCT may increase the risk of brain edema due to re-irradiation for recurrent MG; however, this appears to be controlled well with bevacizumab.
Time to SARS-CoV-2 PCR Clearance in Immunocompromising Conditions: Is Test-Based Removal From Isolation Necessary in Severely Immunocompromised Individuals?
Authors: Epstein Rachel L , Sperring Heather , Hofman Melissa , Lodi Sara , White Laura F , Barocas Joshua A , Bouton Tara C , Xiao Yian , Hsu Heather E , Miller Nancy S , Linas Benjamin P , Marathe Jai G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To determine the association between immunosuppression and time to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) clearance, we studied 3758 adults retested following initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cox proportional hazards models demonstrated delayed PCR clearance with older age, multiple comorbidities, and solid organ transplant but not by degree of immunocompromise. These findings challenge current retesting practices.
Current practices and policies regarding the use of high-flow nasal cannula on general pediatric inpatient wards in Canada
Authors: Novak Chris , Vomiero Gemma , de Caen Allan , Cooke Suzette 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy has become a common treatment for respiratory conditions in children. To our knowledge, no study has described practice patterns for HFNC on pediatric inpatient wards in Canada. The aim of this study was to survey current practices and policies regarding the use of HFNC on the ward in children’s hospitals in Canada.MethodsWe conducted a web-based survey of Pediatric Hospital Medicine section chiefs in major tertiary care hospitals in Canada. The primary outcome was the proportion of hospitals that use HFNC on the general pediatric ward. Secondary outcomes included indications for HFNC, initial and maximum flow rates, maximum FiO2, method of nutrition delivery while on HFNC, level of nursing and respiratory therapist care required, criteria for pediatric intensive care unit transfer, and subjective successes and challenges of implementing a ward-based HFNC policy.ResultsThe section chief survey response rate was 100% (15/15). Eight centres (53%) allowed the use of HFNC outside of an intensive care setting. Six centres initiated HFNC on the ward, while two centres only accepted patients after HFNC had been initiated in an intensive care setting. Other practices and policies varied considerably from centre to centre.ConclusionOur study reveals that approximately half of tertiary children’s hospitals in Canada currently use HFNC on the ward and utilize a range of practices and policies. Other centres are considering implementation. Further research is needed to inform best practices for HFNC therapy, support stewardship of health care resources, and promote safe patient care.
AI based colorectal disease detection using real-time screening colonoscopy
Authors: Jiang Jiawei , Xie Qianrong , Cheng Zhuo , Cai Jianqiang , Xia Tian , Yang Hang , Yang Bo , Peng Hui , Bai Xuesong , Yan Mingque , Li Xue , Zhou Jun , Huang Xuan , Wang Liang , Long Haiyan , Wang Pingxi , Chu Yanpeng , Zeng Fan-Wei , Zhang Xiuqin , Wang Guangyu , Zeng Fanxin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Colonoscopy is an effective tool for early screening of colorectal diseases. However, the application of colonoscopy in distinguishing different intestinal diseases still faces great challenges of efficiency and accuracy. Here we constructed and evaluated a deep convolution neural network (CNN) model based on 117 055 images from 16 004 individuals, which achieved a high accuracy of 0.933 in the validation dataset in identifying patients with polyp, colitis, colorectal cancer (CRC) from normal. The proposed approach was further validated on multi-center real-time colonoscopy videos and images, which achieved accurate diagnostic performance on detecting colorectal diseases with high accuracy and precision to generalize across external validation datasets. The diagnostic performance of the model was further compared to the skilled endoscopists and the novices. In addition, our model has potential in diagnosis of adenomatous polyp and hyperplastic polyp with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.975. Our proposed CNN models have potential in assisting clinicians in making clinical decisions with efficiency during application.
The role of auxin and sugar signaling in dominance inhibition of inflorescence growth by fruit load
Authors: Goetz Marc , Rabinovich Maia , Smith Harley M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dominance inhibition of shoot growth by fruit load is a major factor that regulates shoot architecture and limits yield in agriculture and horticulture crops. In annual plants, the inhibition of inflorescence growth by fruit load occurs at a late stage of inflorescence development termed the end of flowering transition. Physiological studies show this transition is mediated by production and export of auxin from developing fruits in close proximity to the inflorescence apex. In the meristem, cessation of inflorescence growth is controlled in part by the age-dependent pathway, which regulates the timing of arrest. Here, we show the end of flowering transition is a two-step process in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The first stage is characterized by a cessation of inflorescence growth, while immature fruit continues to develop. At this stage, dominance inhibition of inflorescence growth by fruit load is associated with a selective dampening of auxin transport in the apical region of the stem. Subsequently, an increase in auxin response in the vascular tissues of the apical stem where developing fruits are attached marks the second stage for the end of flowering transition. Similar to the vegetative and floral transition, the end of flowering transition is associated with a change in sugar signaling and metabolism in the inflorescence apex. Taken together, our results suggest that during the end of flowering transition, dominance inhibition of inflorescence shoot growth by fruit load is mediated by auxin and sugar signaling.
Recombinant CD300c-Ig fusion protein attenuates collagen-induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Zhao Jin , Su Min , Tian Xiaohong , Lai Laijun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
RA is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and tissue destruction. Immune responses mediated by T cells and autoantibodies are known to play critical roles in RA. Collagen type II (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA) is a commonly used animal model of human RA. We have previously reported the identification of a new T cell inhibitory molecule CD300c. Here we investigate the ability of recombinant CD300c-IgG2a Fc (CD300c-Ig) fusion protein to prevent and treat CIA.

Methods
Mice were induced to develop CIA by CII and injected with CD300c-Ig or control Ig protein before or after CIA symptoms occur. The mice were examined for CIA clinical and pathological scores, and analysed for the expression of proinﬂammatory cytokines, the percentage and activation of CD4 T cells and regulatory T cells, CII-speciﬁc T cell proliferation and cytokine production, and CII-specific autoantibody production.

Results
In a prevention model, CD300c-Ig signiﬁcantly decreases CIA incidence, and reduces clinical and pathological arthritis scores. In the treatment model, CD300c-Ig ameliorates established CIA. The beneficial effects of CD300c-Ig are related to decreased expansion and activation of T cells in the spleen and reduced expression of proinﬂammatory cytokines in the joints. CD300c-Ig also inhibits CII-specific T cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 cytokine production. In addition, CD300c-Ig treatment reduced the production of CII autoantibodies in the serum. Furthermore, CD300c-Ig inhibits the proliferation and activation of T cells from RA patients in vitro.

Conclusion
CD300c-Ig protein has the potential to be used in the treatment of patients with RA.
Investigating the Association Between Labour Epidural Analgesia and Postpartum Depression: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tan C.W. , Sultana R. , Kee M.Z.L. , Meaney M.J. , Sng B.L. 
Published: May 2021

(Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2020;37:796–802)
Approximately 10-15% of women worldwide experience postpartum depression (PPD) following childbirth, which can lead to suicidal behaviors, infanticide, decreased maternal cognitive function and even increased behavioral problems in children. Given the incidence of and morbidity associated with PPD, recent efforts have focused on identifying modifiable risk factors that may contribute to the development of PPD. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between the use of epidural analgesia (EA) during labor and the development of PPD.
Systematic Review of Simulated Airway Management Whilst Wearing Personal Protective Equipment
Authors: Sanfilippo F. , Tigano S. , Palumbo G.J. , Astuto M. , Murabito P. 
Published: May 2021

(Br J Anaesth. 2020;125:e301–e305)
Tracheal intubation is required in approximately 2.3% of COVID-19 patients. As COVID-19 is highly transmissible, airway management is high-risk for healthcare workers. The use of full personal protective equipment (PPE) is common among published recommendations for reducing the risk of transmission to healthcare workers during intubation. Other common recommendations include using video laryngoscopy with a distant screen display, avoiding manual bag-mask ventilation and involving senior staff. These recommendations were based on experiences from present and past pandemics rather than controlled studies. This systematic review aimed to evaluate current best practices for airway management while using PPE by reviewing studies using manikin-based simulation.
Personal Protective Equipment, Airway Management, and Systematic Reviews. Comment on Br J Anaesth 2020; 125: e301e5
Authors: Sorbello M. , El-Boghdadly K. , Schumacher J. , Ahmad I. 
Published: May 2021

(Br J Anaesth. 2020;125:e360–e361)
A recent paper by Sanilipo et al, studied simulated airway management while wearing personal protective equipment. There is a need to study this issue, as personal protective equipment (PPE) can cause discomfort and potentially make airway management more challenging. PPE may do this by impairing vision, limiting communication, restricting movement and limiting tactile sensitivity. However, there are some concerning aspects of this study itself.
Improved Outcomes With an Enhanced Recovery Approach to Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Mullman L. , Hilden P. , Goral J. , Gwacham N. , Tauro C. , Spinola K. , Rosales K. , Collier S. , Holmes L. , Maccione J , Pitera R. , Miller R. , Yodice P. 
Published: May 2021

(Obstet Gynecol. 2020;136:685–691)
To improve the quality of perioperative care and facilitate patients’ quick recovery, a number of settings including gynecology have adopted enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs. These programs have been shown to have a positive impact on patients’ quality of care on hospital utilization measures. However, there is limited data on the effectiveness of ERAS programs in women undergoing cesarean delivery (CD) including reducing need for opioids. The aim of this study was to evaluate an ERAS program on outcomes in women undergoing cesarean delivery.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: A Systematic Review of Case Reports
Authors: Ong J. , Zhang J.J.Y. , Lorusso R. , MacLaren G. , Ramanathana K. 
Published: May 2021

(Int J Obstet Anesthesia. 2020;43:106–113)
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a modified form of cardiopulmonary bypass used in intensive care units (ICU) in which venous blood is removed, pumped through an artificial oxygenating lung membrane and returned to the patient. Data on the use of ECMO in pregnant or postpartum patients is quite limited. This study explored the use of ECMO in pregnant and postpartum patients by reviewing published case studies and analyzing maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Identification of Factors Associated With Delayed Treatment of Obstetric Hypertensive Emergencies
Authors: Kantorowska A. , Heiselman C.J. , Halpern T.A. , Akerman M.B. , Elsayad A. , Muscat J.C. , Sicuranza G.B. , Vintzileos A.M. , Heo H.J. 
Published: May 2021

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;223:250.e1–11)
Approximately 10% of all pregnancies worldwide are complicated by hypertensive disorders. The most serious of the hypertensive spectrum includes hypertensive emergencies, which can be fatal. Criteria of a hypertensive emergency includes persistent (>15 min duration), acute-onset, with systolic blood pressure of greater than or equal to 160 mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure of greater than or equal to 110 mm Hg. Obstetric hypertensive emergencies must be treated expeditiously to reduce risks of maternal morbidity or death. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends treatment of hypertensive emergencies within 30-60 minutes of symptom onset in order to reduce risk of maternal stroke. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with delayed treatments and to determine the timely treatment rate for hypertensive emergencies.