REPRODUCTIVE HORMONE LEVELS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME IN SANA'A, YEMEN
Authors: Sina Libia , Reem Alariqi , Al-Shehari Wadee Abdullah , Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Jumaan Raba’a Mohammed , Al-Tamimi Samar Naji Abdullah Abdulaziz 
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndromes (PCOs) are the most complex endocrine disorders of the female reproductive system with metabolic and psychiatric manifestations. It affects 5%-10% of women of childbearing age. There are paucity of information on PCOs. Therefore the present study aimed at the effect of reproductive hormones, metabolic syndromes, smoking and khat chewing on the PCOs among women in Sana'a
Subjects and Methods: The study included 45 Yemeni women of the age group 18-45 years with PCOS classified into two groups regarding age: Group I 18-29 years old, Group II 30-45 years old and underwent clinical assessment (waist, BMI and sex hormones, blood pressure, glucose, lipids, and insulin), and transvaginal ultrasound. Clinical data, history of other diseases and data of chewing and smoking also collected.” Also the study included 45 healthy control women matched in age with the cases.
Results: The prevalence of MS among PCOs patients was 35% and the most prevalent MS risk factors among PCOs patients were waist circumference (WC) 64.4%, and HDL-C 64.4% respectively, while prevalence of triglycerides (TG), hypertension and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were 28.9%, 20% and 13.3%, respectively. PCOs patients had significant increase in serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) (p<0.001), Insulin (p<0.001), HOMA-IR (p<0.001), T testosterone (TT) (p<0.001), DHEA-S (p<0.001) and FBS (p<0.016). Lean PCOs patients had a significant increase in TT than overweight/obese PCOs (p < 0.045) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) was found to be significantly higher in PCOs women with MS (p<0.011). Insulin resistance was significantly higher in PCOs women with hypertension as compared to PCOs women without hypertension (p<0.023).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between PCOS and reproductive hormone disorder. Patients had significant increases in serum levels of LH, LH/Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Insulin, TT, and DHEA-S. Also, a relationship was found between the syndrome and infertility, hirsutism, irregular menstruation, polycystic ovaries and multiple sclerosis.

Peer Review History:
Received: 10 July 2021; Revised: 12 August; Accepted: 6 September, Available online: 15 September 2021
Academic Editor: Prof. Cyprian Ogbonna ONYEJI, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, conyeji@oauife.edu.ng
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Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewers:
Prof. Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye
Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, toyinpharm@gmail.com
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