bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the blood, bone marrow, and cerebrospinal fluid metabolomes in children with b-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Schraw Jeremy M. , Woodhouse J. P. , Bernhardt Melanie B. , Taylor Olga A. , Horton Terzah M. , Scheurer Michael E. , Okcu M. Fatih , Rabin Karen R. , Lupo Philip J. , Brown Austin L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetabolomics may shed light on treatment response in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, most assessments have analyzed bone marrow or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which are not collected during all phases of therapy. Blood is collected frequently and with fewer risks, but it is unclear whether findings from marrow or CSF biomarker studies may translate. We profiled end-induction plasma, marrow, and CSF from N = 10 children with B-ALL using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We estimated correlations between plasma and marrow/CSF metabolite abundances detected in ≥ 3 patients using Spearman rank correlation coefficients (rs). Most marrow metabolites were detected in plasma (N = 661; 81%), and we observed moderate-to-strong correlations (median rs 0.62, interquartile range [IQR] 0.29–0.83). We detected 328 CSF metabolites in plasma (90%); plasma-CSF correlations were weaker (median rs 0.37, IQR 0.07–0.70). We observed plasma-marrow correlations for metabolites in pathways associated with end-induction residual disease (pyruvate, asparagine) and plasma-CSF correlations for a biomarker of fatigue (gamma-glutamylglutamine). There is considerable overlap between the plasma, marrow, and CSF metabolomes, and we observed strong correlations for biomarkers of clinically relevant phenotypes. Plasma may be suitable for biomarker studies in B-ALL.
Geomechanical simulation of energy storage in salt formations
Authors: Ramesh Kumar Kishan , Makhmutov Artur , Spiers Christopher J. , Hajibeygi Hadi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA promising option for storing large-scale quantities of green gases (e.g., hydrogen) is in subsurface rock salt caverns. The mechanical performance of salt caverns utilized for long-term subsurface energy storage plays a significant role in long-term stability and serviceability. However, rock salt undergoes non-linear creep deformation due to long-term loading caused by subsurface storage. Salt caverns have complex geometries and the geological domain surrounding salt caverns has a vast amount of material heterogeneity. To safely store gases in caverns, a thorough analysis of the geological domain becomes crucial. To date, few studies have attempted to analyze the influence of geometrical and material heterogeneity on the state of stress in salt caverns subjected to long-term loading. In this work, we present a rigorous and systematic modeling study to quantify the impact of heterogeneity on the deformation of salt caverns and quantify the state of stress around the caverns. A 2D finite element simulator was developed to consistently account for the non-linear creep deformation and also to model tertiary creep. The computational scheme was benchmarked with the already existing experimental study. The impact of cyclic loading on the cavern was studied considering maximum and minimum pressure that depends on lithostatic pressure. The influence of geometric heterogeneity such as irregularly-shaped caverns and material heterogeneity, which involves different elastic and creep properties of the different materials in the geological domain, is rigorously studied and quantified. Moreover, multi-cavern simulations are conducted to investigate the influence of a cavern on the adjacent caverns. An elaborate sensitivity analysis of parameters involved with creep and damage constitutive laws is performed to understand the influence of creep and damage on deformation and stress evolution around the salt cavern configurations. The simulator developed in this work is publicly available at https://gitlab.tudelft.nl/ADMIRE_Public/Salt_Cavern.
Silicon supplied via foliar application and root to attenuate potassium deficiency in common bean plants
Authors: dos Santos Sarah Marcilene Machado , de Mello Prado Renato , de Souza Júnior Jonas Pereira , Teixeira Gelza Carliane Marques , dos Santos Duarte João Carlos , de Medeiros Robson Luis Silva 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPotassium (K) deficiency affects physiological performance and decreases vegetative growth in common bean plants. Although silicon (Si) supplied via nutrient solution or foliar application may alleviate nutritional stress, research on the bean crop is incipient. Thus, two experiments were carried out: initially, a test was performed to determine the best source and foliar concentration of silicon. Subsequently, the chosen Si source was supplied in nutrient solution via roots or foliar application to verify whether Si supply forms are efficient in alleviating the effects of K deficiency. For these purposes, a completely randomized 2 × 3 factorial design was used, with two levels of K: deficient (0.2 mmol L−1 of K) and sufficient (6 mmol L−1 of K); and Si: in nutrient solution via roots (2 mmol L−1 of Si) or foliar application (5.4 mmol L−1 of Si) and control (0 mmol L−1 of Si). Our findings revealed that Si supplied via foliar spraying using the source of sodium silicate and stabilized potassium at a concentration of 5.4 mmol L−1 was agronomically viable for the cultivation of bean plant. K deficiency, when not supplied with silicon, compromised plant growth. Moreover, root-and-foliar-applied Si attenuated the effects of K deficiency as it increased chlorophylls and carotenoids content, photosynthetic activity, water use efficiency and vegetative growth. For the first time, the role of Si to mitigate K deficiency in the bean crop was evidenced, with a view to further research on plants that do not accumulate this beneficial element.
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has a healing ability for periapical periodontitis
Authors: Naruse Haruna , Itoh Shousaku , Itoh Yuki , Kagioka Takumi , Abe Makoto , Hayashi Mikako 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVarious disease-related genes have recently been identified using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This study identified disease-related genes by analyzing SNP using genomic DNA isolated from Japanese patients with periapical periodontitis. Results showed that the SNP in LRP5 demonstrated a significant genotypic association with periapical lesions (Fisher’s exact test, P < 0.05). We constructed an in vivo murine periapical periodontitis model to confirm the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway’s role in developing and healing periapical periodontitis. We observed that administration of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor enlarged the periapical lesion. Moreover, applying lithium chloride (LiCl) to root canals accelerated periapical periodontitis healing. Histological analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of Col1a1 and Runx2 increased in the LiCl application group compared to that in the control group. Furthermore, many CD45R-positive cells appeared in the periapical lesions in the LiCl application group. These results indicated that LiCl promoted the healing of periapical periodontitis by inducing bone formation and immune responses. Our findings suggest that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates the development of periapical periodontitis. We propose a bioactive next-generation root canal treatment agent for this dental lesion.
CBF oscillations induced by trigeminal nerve stimulation protect the pericontusional penumbra in traumatic brain injury complicated by hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Li Chunyan , Shah Kevin A. , Powell Keren , Wu Yi-Chen , Chaung Wayne , Sonti Anup N. , White Timothy G. , Doobay Mohini , Yang Weng-Lang , Wang Ping , Becker Lance B. , Narayan Raj K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTraumatic peri-contusional penumbra represents crucial targets for therapeutic interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current resuscitative approaches may not adequately alleviate impaired cerebral microcirculation and, hence, compromise oxygen delivery to peri-contusional areas. Low-frequency oscillations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) may improve cerebral oxygenation in the setting of oxygen deprivation. However, no method has been reported to induce controllable oscillations in CBF and it hasn’t been applied as a therapeutic strategy. Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve (TNS) plays a pivotal role in modulating cerebrovascular tone and cerebral perfusion. We hypothesized that TNS can modulate CBF at the targeted frequency band via the trigemino-cerebrovascular network, and TNS-induced CBF oscillations would improve cerebral oxygenation in peri-contusional areas. In a rat model of TBI complicated by hemorrhagic shock, TNS-induced CBF oscillations conferred significant preservation of peri-contusional tissues leading to reduced lesion volume, attenuated hypoxic injury and neuroinflammation, increased eNOS expression, improved neurological recovery and better 10-day survival rate, despite not significantly increasing CBF as compared with those in immediate and delayed resuscitation animals. Our findings indicate that low-frequency CBF oscillations enhance cerebral oxygenation in peri-contusional areas, and play a more significant protective role than improvements in non-oscillatory cerebral perfusion or volume expansion alone.
Validation of eyes-closed resting alpha amplitude predicting neurofeedback learning of upregulation alpha activity
Authors: Su Ken-Hsien , Hsueh Jen-Jui , Chen Tainsong , Shaw Fu-Zen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNeurofeedback training (NFT) enables users to learn self-control of EEG activity of interest and then to create many benefits on cognitive function. A considerable number of nonresponders who fail to achieve successful NFT have often been reported in the within-session prediction. This study aimed to investigate successful EEG NFT of upregulation alpha activity in terms of trainability, independence, and between-session predictability validation. Forty-six participants completed 12 training sessions. Spectrotemporal analysis revealed the upregulation success on brain activity of 8–12 Hz exclusively to demonstrate trainability and independence of alpha NFT. Three learning indices of between-session changes exhibited significant correlations with eyes-closed resting state (ECRS) alpha amplitude before the training exclusively. Through a stepwise linear discriminant analysis, the prediction model of ECRS’s alpha frequency band amplitude exhibited the best accuracy (89.1%) validation regarding the learning index of increased alpha amplitude on average. This study performed a systematic analysis on NFT success, the performance of the 3 between-session learning indices, and the validation of ECRS alpha activity for responder prediction. The findings would assist researchers in obtaining insight into the training efficacy of individuals and then attempting to adapt an efficient strategy in NFT success.
Severe vegetation degradation associated with different disturbance types in a poorly managed urban recreation destination in Iran
Authors: Erfanian Mohammad Bagher , Alatalo Juha M. , Ejtehadi Hamid 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecreational activities worldwide have major impacts on the environment. This study examined the impact of different kinds of recreational activities on plant communities in a highly visited park in Mashhad, Iran. Vegetation in the park was sampled along 41 random 10-m transects with different human disturbances (trails, dirt roads, campsites) and undisturbed communities. Life form spectrum, species composition, species and phylogenetic diversity were determined for all communities. Disturbance increased the frequency of therophytes, but decreased the frequency of chamaephytes and percentage vegetated area. Recreational-mediated disturbance had variable impact on species composition, but decreased species and phylogenetic diversity compared with undisturbed areas. Roads and campsites caused the greatest damage, while trails had the smallest negative impact on vegetation. This study showed that damage to (semi-)natural park vegetation differs with recreation activity. This finding can help prioritise management activities to minimise negative impacts of recreation activities on local vegetation. The current visitor load to the urban park studied here appears too high to be sustainable over time, so better monitoring and restrictions on visitor numbers may be needed to minimise the negative impacts on park vegetation. The camping impacts can be managed by creating clusters of designated campsites to spatially concentrate the impact area. Low-impact practices should be communicated to visitors.
Contribution of p53 in sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jung Sangyong , Kim Dong Ha , Choi Yun Jung , Kim Seon Ye , Park Hyojeong , Lee Hyeonjeong , Choi Chang-Min , Sung Young Hoon , Lee Jae Cheol , Rho Jin Kyung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe emergence of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGFR mutations is a major hindrance to treatment. We investigated the effects of p53 in primary sensitivity and acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC cells. Changes in sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs were determined using p53 overexpression or knockdown in cells with activating EGFR mutations. We investigated EMT-related molecules, morphologic changes, and AXL induction to elucidate mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs according to p53 status. Changes in p53 status affected primary sensitivity as well as acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs according to cell type. Firstly, p53 silencing did not affect primary and acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in PC-9 cells, but it led to primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs through AXL induction in HCC827 cells. Secondly, p53 silencing in H1975 cells enhanced the sensitivity to osimertinib through the emergence of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, and the emergence of acquired resistance to osimertinib in p53 knockout cells was much slower than in H1975 cells. Furthermore, two cell lines (H1975 and H1975/p53KO) demonstrated the different mechanisms of acquired resistance to osimertinib. Lastly, the introduction of mutant p53-R273H induced the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and exerted resistance to EGFR-TKIs in cells with activating EGFR mutations. These findings indicate that p53 mutations can be associated with primary or acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Thus, the status or mutations of p53 may be considered as routes to improving the therapeutic effects of EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC.
Interaction of Male Specific Lethal complex and genomic imbalance on global gene expression in Drosophila
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Qi Haizhu , Huang Cheng , Yuan Lijia , Zhang Ludan , Wang Ruixue , Tian Yu , Sun Lin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe inverse dosage effect caused by chromosome number variations shows global consequences in genomic imbalance including sexual dimorphism and an X chromosome-specific response. To investigate the relationship of the MSL complex to genomic imbalance, we over-expressed MSL2 in autosomal and sex chromosomal aneuploids, and analyzed the different transcriptomes. Some candidate genes involved in regulatory mechanisms have also been tested during embryogenesis using TSA-FISH. Here we show that the de novo MSL complex assembled on the X chromosomes in females further reduced the global expression level on the basis of 2/3 down-regulation caused by the inverse dosage effect in trisomy through epigenetic modulations rather than induced dosage compensation. Plus, the sexual dimorphism effect in unbalanced genomes was further examined due to the pre-existing of the MSL complex in males. All these results demonstrate the dynamic functions of the MSL complex on global gene expression in different aneuploid genomes.
investigation of nacre nanostructure by analyzing its structural color pattern
Authors: Fan Nicole , Zhou Chunhui , Myagkaya Elina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProduced by light interacting with structures at micrometer or nanometer levels, structural color can be utilized to investigate details of material structures. In this article, we studied the pattern of interference color generated from repetitive aragonite–conchiolin double layers on colorless nacreous pearls. Based on qualitative wave analysis and quantitative electromagnetic computation, we theoretically concluded such patterns are mainly determined by aragonite layer thickness. We also demonstrated how to predict the aragonite layer thickness and estimate the conchiolin refractive index variation on a Tahitian pearl with near-colorless body color and strong iridescence. We believe this approach offers a new perspective to study nanostructures in biology and mineralogy.
Replicated, urban-driven exposure to metallic trace elements in two passerines
Authors: Chatelain Marion , Da Silva Arnaud , Celej Marta , Kurek Eliza , Bulska Ewa , Corsini Michela , Szulkin Marta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhile there are increasing examples of phenotypic and genotypic differences between urban and non-urban populations of plants and animals, few studies identified the mechanisms explaining those dissimilarities. The characterization of the urban landscape, which can only be achieved by measuring variability in relevant environmental factors within and between cities, is a keystone prerequisite to understand the effects of urbanization on wildlife. Here, we measured variation in bird exposure to metal pollution within 8 replicated urbanization gradients and within 2 flagship bird species in urban evolutionary ecology: the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) and the great tit (Parus major). We report on a highly significant, positive linear relationship between the magnitude of urbanization—inferred as either tree cover, impervious surface cover, or an urbanization score computed from several environmental variables, and copper, zinc and lead concentrations in bird feathers. The reverse relationship was measured in the case of mercury, while cadmium and arsenic did not vary in response to the urbanization level. This result, replicated across multiple cities and two passerine species, strongly suggests that copper, zinc, lead and mercury pollution is likely to trigger the emergence of parallel responses at the phenotypic and/or genotypic level between urban environments worldwide.
Remaining lifespan prediction of cross‐linked polyethylene material based on GM(1, N) grey models
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wu Zaijun , Xu Jiajie , Tan Xiao , Zhang Dongdong , Zeng Yuanjing , Liu Gang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables are a critical component of power transmission systems. As operating conditions sometimes exceed the thresholds set in discipline, some cables fail to reach their designed lifespan, and consequently evaluating the aging degree of cables is particularly necessary. Here ten cables with an operating duration between 1 and 11 years from adjacent lines were sampled. Investigations were performed through various aging evaluation methods. Then typical lifespan prediction indices were concluded from test results and filtrated through correlation calculation. Meanwhile, a lifespan prediction method based on GM (1, N) model was proposed to establish the equivalent relationship between operating time and these indices. The research results indicated that, lifespan prediction indices obtained were all significantly correlated with operating time, which can be used to characterize aging degree of XLPE cables. Besides, due to the high prediction accuracy of experimental verification, the GM (1, N) model was proved to be applicable to evaluate the aging degree quantitatively and determine the remaining lifespan (relative to the designed lifespan) of XLPE cables. In future research, this method can be used to formulate a reasonable and economic withdrawal strategy for XLPE cables operating in conditions that exceed the thresholds set in the discipline.
New flexible deterministic compressive measurement matrix based on finite Galois field
Authors: Kazemi Vahdat , Shahzadi Ali , Khaleghi Bizaki Hossein 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNowadays, the deterministic construction of sensing matrices is a hot topic in compressed sensing. The coherence of the measurement matrix is an important research area in the design of deterministic compressed sensing. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel sparse deterministic measurement matrix, which basically accesses the optimal low coherence of the measurement matrix. Firstly, a class of sparse square matrix is constructed based on finite fields' arithmetic. Then, the Hadamard matrix, or (discrete Fourier transform) DFT matrix, is nestled into the square matrix to construct an asymptotically optimal deterministic measurement matrix. That is, the relevant column vectors have orthogonal characteristics. Using this feature, the measurement matrix can be further optimized to reduce its mutual coherence, almost achieving the lower bound of the coherence (Welch bound). The two types of deterministic measurement matrices proposed are sparse with low mutual coherence and flexible measurement sizes. So, the proposed deterministic measurement matrices require less memory and time for the recovery as well as reducing the complexity due to their sparse structure. The simulation results show that compared with the existing (several typical) random matrices, the proposed method can reduce the mutual coherence and computational complexity of the measurement matrix.
Photometry and model of near-Earth asteroid 2021 DW1 from one apparition
Authors: Kwiatkowski T. , Koleńczuk P. , Kryszczyńska A. , Oszkiewicz D. , Kamiński K. , Kamińska M. K. , Troianskyi V. , Skiff B. , Moskowitz N. , Kashuba V. , Kim M.-J. , Kim T. , Mottola S. , Santana-Ros T. , Kluwak T. , Buzzi L. , Bacci P. , Birtwhistle P. , Miles R. , Chatelain J. 
Published: October 2021

Aims. Very small asteroids (VSAs, objects with diameters smaller than about 150 m) can be spun up by the YORP effect to rotation periods as short as tens of seconds. This effect has been observed for many of them. It is also hypothesised, that in the same process their spin axes are asymptotically drawn to the position perpendicular to the orbital plane. So far this effect has been observed only for one VSA and needs further verification. For that, spin axes of several other VSAs should be determined by observing their brightness variations at many different positions on the sky.
Methods. On 4 March 2021 at 9 UTC a 30-m in diameter near-Earth asteroid 2021 DW1 passed the Earth at a distance of 570 000 km, reaching the maximum brightness of V = 14.6 mag. We observed it photometrically from 2 March, when it was visible at V = 16.5 mag, until 7 March (V = 18.2 mag). During that time 2021 DW1 swept a 170° long arc in the northern sky, spanning solar phase angles in the range from 36° to 86°. This made it an excellent target for physical characterisation, including spin axis and shape derivation.
Results. Convex inversion of the asteroid lightcurves gives a sidereal period of rotation Psid = 0.013760 ± 0.000001 h, and two solutions for the spin axis ecliptic coordinates: (A) λ1 = 57° ± 10°, β1 = 29° ± 10° and (B) λ2 = 67° ± 10°, β2 = −40° ± 10°. The magnitude-phase curve can be fitted with a standard H, G function with H = 24.8 ± 0.5 mag and an assumed G = 0.24. The asteroid colour indices are g − i = 0.79 ± 0.01 mag, and i − z = 0.01 ± 0.02 mag which indicates an S taxonomic class, with an average geometric albedo pV = 0.23 ± 0.02. The asteroid effective diameter, derived from H and pV, is Deff = 30 ± 10 m.
Conclusions. It was found that the inclination of the spin axis of 2021 DW1 is not perpendicular to the orbital plane (obliquity ϵ = 54° ± 10° or ϵ = 123° ± 10°). More spin axes of VSAs should be determined to check, if 2021 DW1 is an exception or a typical case.