bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 1 TELUK BETUNG DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TUTOR SEBAYA DALAM KELOMPOK KECIL
Authors: Rakila  
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi banyak siswa yang belum memahami dan mengalami kesulitan untuk menghitung luas bangun pada denah dengan bangun sebenarnya, terutama dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada denah berskala, berdasarkan hal ini maka peneliti mempunyai alasan untuk terus mencari cara-cara yang baik dan benar dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita. Dengan demikian, nantinya siswa benar-benar memahami cara menyelesaikan soal cerita dengan benar, yakni dari apa yang diketahui, apa yang ditanyakan dan apa jawaban soal tersebut, yang akhirnya siswa mampu menuliskan hasil akhir soal tersebut.Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian yang hendak dicapai adalah untuk meningkatkan Hasil Belajar siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Teluk Betung Kecamatan Karau Kuala dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita tentang membaca gambar atau denah berskala melalui model pembelajaran tutor sebaya dalam kelompok kecil.
Subjek penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Teluk Betung yang berjumlah 19 orang.Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan tes sedangkan analisis data digunakan analisis deskriftif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 3 (tiga) siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil tes yang diperoleh pada siklus I terdapat 11 siswa yang mendapat nilai kurang dari 6,5, rata-rata nilainya 6,32. Sedangkan ketuntansan belajarnya baru mencapai 42%, kenyataan itu menunjukkan hasil pembejaran masih sangat rendah. Pada pelaksanaan siklus II, terdapat 7siswa yang mendapat nilai kurang dari 6,5, sedangkan yang mendapat nilai lebih dari 6,5 adalah 12 siswa. Sedangkan rata-rata nilai yang diperoleh 7,26. Dengan demikian tingkat keberhasilan siswa sudah cukup meningkat. Pada pelaksanaan siklus III, tinggal 4 siswa yang memperoleh nilai kurang dari 6,5, sedangkan 15 siswa memperoleh nilai lebih dari 6,5, rata-rata nilai yang diperoleh dalam siklus III adalah 8,11,dan tingka tketuntasan yang diperoleh telah mencapai 79%.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTEK PADA PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI PENGETAHUAN PEMBUATAN KAIN TENUN SISWA KELAS X DI SMK NEGERI 1 GUNUNG JATI CIREBON
Authors: Yana Yana 
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui: (1) Kompetensi siswa dalam menjelaskan dan membedakan proses menenun sebelum penerapan praktek, (2) Kompetensi siswa dalam menjelaskan dan membedakan proses menenun setelah penerapan praktek, (3) Efektivitas penggunaan praktek pembelajaran pembuatan kain tenun untuk pencapaian kompetensi mengetahui dan membedakan proses menenun. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kuasi eksperimen, dengan desain pretest-posttest nonequivalent groups. Populasi penelitian ialah seluruh peserta didik kelas X KKBT SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Jati Cirebon yang berjumlah 108 siswa, dengan sampel X KKBT 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan X KKBT 2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Pengambilan sampel tersebut menggunakan teknik probability sampling atau random sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Oktober 2015. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal pretest dan posttest. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif, serta pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kompetensi siswa dalam menjelaskan dan membedakan proses menenun sebelum penerapan praktek sangat rendah, yaitu dengan rata-rata 38,41 pada kelas kontrol dan 36,85 pada kelas eksperimen, (2) Kompetensi siswa pada kelas eksperimen dalam menjelaskan dan membedakan proses menenun setelah penerapan praktek lebih tinggi dari pada sebelum penerapan praktek yaitu dengan rata-rata sebesar 80,18, (3) Penggunaan praktek pembelajaran pengetahuan pembuatan kain tenun dinyatakan efektif, melihat perbedaan hasil pretest dan posttest siswa, serta perbandingannya dengan kelas yang tidak menerapkan praktek (kelas kontrol). Rata-rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen lebih besar dari pada kelas kontrol (80,18 > 72,41), dan t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel (2,324 > 2,036) serta nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 (p<0,05, dengan p=0,000).
Terahertz Nano-Imaging with s-SNOM
Authors: M. Wiecha Matthias , Soltani Amin , G. Roskos Hartmut 
Published: November 2021

Spectroscopy and imaging with terahertz radiation propagating in free space suffer from the poor spatial resolution which is a consequence of the comparatively large wavelength of the radiation (300 μm at 1 THz in vacuum) in combination with the Abbe diffraction limit of focusing. A way to overcome this limitation is the application of near-field techniques. In this chapter, we focus on one of them, scattering-type Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (s-SNOM) which − due to its versatility − has come to prominence in recent years. This technique enables a spatial resolution on the sub-100-nm length scale independent of the wavelength. We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of this imaging and spectroscopy modality, and describe a few selected application examples in more detail.
Computed Tomographic Assessment of Hooking-Related Injuries in Recreationally Angled Blue Marlin
Authors: Houck Emma L. , Cohen Eli B. , Harms Craig A. , Runde Brendan J. , Rudershausen Paul J. , Buckel Jeffrey A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Acute morbidity and mortality of marlins (family Istiophoridae) in hook-and-line fisheries have been studied; however, there has been little or no investigation of the skeletal injuries incurred from terminal tackles that could lead to decreased rates of postrelease survival. The objective of this study was to evaluate skeletal injuries in recreationally angled Atlantic Blue Marlin Makaira nigricans from the 2019 Big Rock Blue Marlin Tournament in Morehead City, North Carolina. We examined heads of six Blue Marlin that were angled using artificial lures rigged with J-hooks and harvested for weigh-in. The head of each Blue Marlin was scanned using computed tomography (CT) and examined with gross dissection. The CT interpretation revealed that two Blue Marlin had minimally displaced fractures of the maxilla, one of which also had a fracture to the lachrymal bone. These radiographic lesions were associated with penetrating hook injuries. The CT images also revealed degenerative changes within the quadrate-articular joint in four Blue Marlin, which was associated with fish weight; the causes and consequences of these degenerative changes are unknown. Although the hooking-related jaw fractures likely result in acute pain, their impact on postrelease morbidity is unknown and the impact on postrelease mortality is suspected to be small.
Factors Associated With the Initiation and Retention of Patients With Lupus in the Chronic Disease Self‐Management Program
Authors: Falasinnu Titilola , Bao Gaobin , Brady Teresa J. , Lim S. Sam , Drenkard Cristina 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveThe Chronic Disease Self‐Management Program (CDSMP) is designed to enhance patients' self‐efficacy and skills to manage their chronic illness. There is compelling evidence for the benefits of the CDSMP among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, little is known about predictors of participation among Black women with SLE. We examined factors associated with CDSMP initiation and completion in this population.MethodsWe studied 228 Black women with SLE who consented to attend a CDSMP workshop. We used logistic regression to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for being a CDSMP initiator (a participant registered into the CDSMP who attended at least 1 of the first 2 weekly classes) and a CDSMP completer (a participant who completed at least 4 of 6 weekly classes).ResultsThe majority of participants were CDSMP initiators (74% [n = 168]). Of those, 126 (75%) were CDSMP completers. Older age (adjusted OR [ORadj] 1.03 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.00–1.06]) and unemployment/disability (ORadj 2.05 [95% CI 1.05–4.14]) increased the odds of being a CDSMP initiator. The odds of initiating the CDSMP decreased by 22% for each additional child in the household (OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.62–0.98]), but this association became nonsignificant in the adjusted model (ORadj 0.89 [95% CI 0.68–1.18]). The only factor that differed significantly between CDSMP completers and noncompleters was age, with 4% higher odds of being a completer for each additional year of age (ORadj 1.04 [95% CI 1.00–1.07]).ConclusionOur findings suggest that young Black women with SLE face barriers to attend and complete in‐person CDSMP workshops, possibly in relation to work and child care demands.
Predictors of Perceived Functional Status in Early Systemic Sclerosis: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of an Early Disease Cohort
Authors: Chernis Julia , Buni Maryam , Kazzaz Sarah , Ying Jun , Lyons Marka , Assassi Shervin , Mayes Maureen 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveThe modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (M‐HAQ) is a well‐established patient‐reported outcome measure in systemic sclerosis (SSc) studies that reflects how a patient functions in several categories of activities of daily living. This study analyzed clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors that predict M‐HAQ scores over time.MethodsThis study included 388 patients with baseline M‐HAQ scores from the Genetics versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS) early disease cohort with a mean disease duration of 2.5 years, mean follow‐up time of 3.9 years, and median follow‐up of 7.2 years. A total of 1,950 M‐HAQ measurements were analyzed. Baseline disease characteristics were recorded, and the association of these characteristics with the M‐HAQ score was analyzed at baseline and longitudinally.ResultsLower income and education levels, older age, and more severe skin involvement at enrollment were independent predictors of worse perceived functional disability over time (i.e., higher longitudinal M‐HAQ levels). Higher longitudinal modified Rodnan skin scores correlated with higher M‐HAQ scores, whereas higher longitudinal forced vital capacity percentage predicted values correlated with lower M‐HAQ scores over time (P < 0.001 for both univariable and multivariable analyses). Moreover, higher baseline M‐HAQ scores predicted higher mortality (hazard ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.52, P = 0.003).ConclusionThis large, longitudinal study of early disease SSc demonstrates that severity of skin disease and socioeconomic factors such as educational level and income are important predictors of perceived functional disability in SSc.
Exceptionally High Power Factor Ag2Se/Se/Polypyrrole Composite Films for Flexible Thermoelectric Generators
Authors: Li Yating , Lou Qing , Yang Jianmin , Cai Kefeng , Liu Ying , Lu Yiming , Qiu Yang , Lu Yao , Wang Zixing , Wu Miaomiao , He Jiaqing , Shen Shirley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA facile method to prepare flexible n‐type Ag2Se/Se/polypyrrole (PPy) composite films is developed. First, Ag2Se nanostructures (NSs) are wet chemically synthesized; PPy is then in situ polymerized at the surface of the Ag2Se NSs; and finally, the Ag2Se/Se/PPy composite film on a porous nylon membrane is fabricated by a vacuum‐assisted filtration process followed by hot pressing. An optimal composite film shows an exceptionally high power factor of ≈2240 µW m−1 K−2 at 300 K, mainly because of the synergistic effect between well‐developed crystalline Ag2Se grains and a small amount of Se and PPy. The film also possesses outstanding flexibility (only about 6.5% decrease in electrical conductivity after 1000 times bending along a rod with a radius of 4 mm). Moreover, a flexible thermoelectric generator composed of six legs of the film outputs a voltage of 21.2 mV and a maximum power of 4.04 µW (corresponding power density of 37.6 W m−2) at a temperature difference of 34.1 K, verifying exceptionally high thermoelectric properties. This work shows the promise of the as‐prepared composite film for practical applications in wearable devices and will surely promote the research and development of flexible TE generators.
Dense Crystalline–Amorphous Interfacial Sites for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Li Dan , Qin Yanyang , Liu Jia , Zhao Hongyang , Sun Zongjie , Chen Guangbo , Wu De‐Yin , Su Yaqiong , Ding Shujiang , Xiao Chunhui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe crystalline‐amorphous (c–a) heterostructure is verified as a promising design for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts due to the concerted advantages of the crystalline and amorphous phase. However, most heterostructures via asynchronous heterophase synthesis suffer from the limited synergistic effect because of the sparse c–a interfaces. Here, a highly efficient and stable OER electrocatalyst with dense c–a interfacial sites is reported by hybridizing crystalline Ag and amorphous NiCoMo oxides (NCMO) on the nickel foam (NF) via synchronous dual‐phase synthetic strategy. In 1 m KOH, the as‐obtained Ag/NCMO/NF catalyst exhibits a low OER overpotential of 243 mV to attain 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 67 mV dec−1. Theoretical calculations indicate that the c–a interface can efficiently modulate the electronic structure of the interfacial sites and lower the OER overpotential. Besides, in situ Raman spectroscopy results demonstrate that the c–a interfacial sites can promote the irreversible phase transition to the metal oxy(hydroxide) active phase, and the dense c–a interfaces can stabilize the active phase during the whole OER process.
Multifunctional Metamaterials for Energy Harvesting and Vibration Control
Authors: Xu Xianchen , Wu Qian , Pang Yaokun , Cao Yunteng , Fang Yuhui , Huang Guoliang , Cao Changyong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMultifunctional metamaterials (MFMs) capable of energy harvesting and vibration control are particularly attractive for smart structures, wearable/biointegrated electronics, and intelligent robotics. Here, a novel MFM based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which can harvest environmental energy and reduce vibration simultaneously, is reported. The unit cells of the MFM consist of a local resonator, an integrated contact‐ separation mode TENG, and spiral‐shaped connecting beams. A multiphysics theoretical model is developed for quantitatively evaluating the performance of the MFM by including the mechanical and electrical fields interactions, which is further validated by experimental testing. It is demonstrated that the TENG‐based MFM can not only effectively harvest vibration energy to power electronics but also dramatically suppress low‐frequency mechanical vibration. This work provides a new design and model for developing novel TENG‐based MFMs for advanced smart systems used in a variety of applications.
Peptide Polymer‐Doped Cement Acting as an Effective Treatment of MRSA‐Infected Chronic Osteomyelitis
Authors: Wu Yueming , Lin Yaofa , Cong Zihao , Chen Kang , Xiao Ximian , Wu Xue , Liu Longqiang , She Yunrui , Liu Shiqi , Zhou Ruiyi , Yin Gang , Shao Xiaoyan , Dai Yidong , Lin Haodong , Liu Runhui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChronic osteomyelitis is a painful and serious disease normally caused by infected surgical prostheses or infected fractures. Currently, antibiotic‐loaded cements are extensively used as the treatment in clinical practice. However, the quick emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria has resulted in a formidable challenge in treating chronic osteomyelitis, such as the chronic osteomyelitis caused by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Aiming to address MRSA‐infected chronic osteomyelitis, an antibacterial peptide polymer doped polymethylmethacrylate bone cement pellets (PMMA@polymer) is prepared. The peptide polymer is designed as the synthetic mimic of host defense peptide and enables PMMA@polymer to have notable advantages, including complete release of antibacterial agent from PMMA, potent and robust activity against MRSA even after autoclave and enzymatic treatment, and low susceptibility to antibacterial resistance. PMMA@polymer showed potent in vitro activities against MRSA, superior in vivo therapeutic efficacy in a rabbit chronic osteomyelitis model, and low toxicity during the treatment. These advantages and the easy preparation of PMMA@polymer altogether suggest the great potential of PMMA@polymer as an effective treatment of MRSA‐infected chronic osteomyelitis. This study opens new avenues in developing antibacterial biomaterials for the treatment of chronic orthopedic infections, frequently caused by drug‐resistant bacteria.
Unveiling the Interplay among End Group, Molecular Packing, Doping Level, and Charge Transport in N‐Doped Small‐Molecule Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Ge Gao‐Yang , Li Jia‐Tong , Wang Juan‐Rong , Xiong Miao , Dong Xue , Li Zu‐Jian , Li Jiu‐Long , Cao Xiao‐Yu , Lei Ting , Wang Jin‐Liang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDoped small molecules with high electrical conductivity are desired because they typically show a larger Seebeck coefficient and lower thermal conductivity than their polymer counterparts. However, compared with conjugated polymers, only a few small molecules can show high electrical conductivities. In this study, three n‐type small‐molecule organic semiconductors with different end functional groups are synthesized to explore the reasons for the low electrical conductivity issue in n‐doped small‐molecule semiconductors. Charge carrier mobility and doping level are usually considered as two major parameters for achieving high electrical conductivity. TDPP‐ThIC with high electron mobility of 0.77 cm2 V−1 s−1 and high electron affinity, which can be easily n‐doped; however, it only displays an electrical conductivity ≈10−3 S cm−1. To explore the reasons, the single crystal structure of TDPP‐ThIC and the grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering of its n‐doped films are carefully analyzed. TDPP‐ThIC with a 1D column packing is disclosed and easily distorted by the enthetic n‐dopants, which damages the charge transport pathways, and thereby results in low electrical conductivity. The results suggests that only high intrinsic charge carrier mobility and high doping level cannot guarantee high electrical conductivity, and keeping good charge transport pathways after doping is also critical.
Dual‐Design of Nanoporous to Compact Interface via Atomic/Molecular Layer Deposition Enabling a Long‐Life Silicon Anode
Authors: Fang Jia‐Bin , Cao Yan‐Qiang , Chang Shao‐Zhong , Teng Fu‐Rui , Wu Di , Li Ai‐Dong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rapid and reversible lithiation/delithiation of silicon materials remains a challenging yet marvelous goal. Herein, harnessing the “nanoporous to compact” gradient design, a dual‐film consisting of flexible porous zincone and rigid compact TiO2 (zincone/TiO2) is controllably deposited onto a silicon electrode using molecular layer deposition and atomic layer deposition techniques. This dual‐film can tailor the stress and ionic diffusion kinetics for silicon anodes. That is, the elastic zincone acts as a buffer layer to dissipate inner stress through the deformation of pores, while the rigid TiO2 (≈5 nm) provides silicon particles a satisfying mechanical strength and protects the silicon from engulfing by the solid electrolyte interphase. The density functional theory and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique results indicate the fast Li+ diffusion kinetics in Si@zincone/TiO2 electrode, resulting in a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 81.9% and an advantageous rate capability of 1224 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1. More importantly, a low capacity‐fading rate of only 0.051% per cycle can be achieved (discharge capacity of 753 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles). Additionally, fractal theory verifies the Si@zincone/TiO2 undergoes gentle reversible evolutions during cycling with a box fractal dimension (DB) of 1.73.
A Tri‐Channel Oxide Transistor Concept for the Rapid Detection of Biomolecules Including the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Protein
Authors: Lin Yen‐Hung , Han Yang , Sharma Abhinav , AlGhamdi Wejdan S. , Liu Chien‐Hao , Chang Tzu‐Hsuan , Xiao Xi‐Wen , Lin Wei‐Zhi , Lu Po‐Yu , Seitkhan Akmaral , Mottram Alexander D. , Pattanasattayavong Pichaya , Faber Hendrik , Heeney Martin , Anthopoulos Thomas D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSolid‐state transistor sensors that can detect biomolecules in real time are highly attractive for emerging bioanalytical applications. However, combining upscalable manufacturing with the required performance remains challenging. Here, an alternative biosensor transistor concept is developed, which relies on a solution‐processed In2O3/ZnO semiconducting heterojunction featuring a geometrically engineered tri‐channel architecture for the rapid, real‐time detection of important biomolecules. The sensor combines a high electron mobility channel, attributed to the electronic properties of the In2O3/ZnO heterointerface, in close proximity to a sensing surface featuring tethered analyte receptors. The unusual tri‐channel design enables strong coupling between the buried electron channel and electrostatic perturbations occurring during receptor–analyte interactions allowing for robust, real‐time detection of biomolecules down to attomolar (am) concentrations. The experimental findings are corroborated by extensive device simulations, highlighting the unique advantages of the heterojunction tri‐channel design. By functionalizing the surface of the geometrically engineered channel with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibody receptors, real‐time detection of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike S1 protein down to am concentrations is demonstrated in under 2 min in physiological relevant conditions.
Tomoscopy: Time‐Resolved Tomography for Dynamic Processes in Materials
Authors: García‐Moreno Francisco , Kamm Paul Hans , Neu Tillmann Robert , Bülk Felix , Noack Mike Andreas , Wegener Mareike , von der Eltz Nadine , Schlepütz Christian Matthias , Stampanoni Marco , Banhart John 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe structure and constitution of opaque materials can be studied with X‐ray imaging methods such as 3D tomography. To observe the dynamic evolution of their structure and the distribution of constituents, for example, during processing, heating, mechanical loading, etc., 3D imaging has to be fast enough. In this paper, the recent developments of time‐resolved X‐ray tomography that have led to what one now calls “tomoscopy” are briefly reviewed A novel setup is presented and applied that pushes temporal resolution down to just 1 ms, that is, 1000 tomograms per second (tps) are acquired, while maintaining spatial resolutions of micrometers and running experiments for minutes without interruption. Applications recorded at different acquisition rates ranging from 50 to 1000 tps are presented. The authors observe and quantify the immiscible hypermonotectic reaction of AlBi10 (in wt%) alloy and dendrite evolution in AlGe10 (in wt%) casting alloy during fast solidification. The combustion process and the evolution of the constituents are analyzed in a burning sparkler. Finally, the authors follow the structure and density of two metal foams over a long period of time and derive details of bubble formation and bubble ageing including quantitative analyses of bubble parameters with millisecond temporal resolution.