bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CMR-derived myocardial strain analysis differentiates ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy - A propensity score-matched study
Authors: Vietheer Julia , Lena Lehmann , Unbehaun Claudia , Fischer-Rasokat Ullrich , Wolter Jan Sebastian , Kriechbaum Steffen , Weferling Maren , von Jeinsen Beatrice , Hain Andreas , Liebetrau Christoph , Hamm Christian W. , Keller Till , Rolf Andreas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Left ventricular (LV) longitudinal, circumferential, and radial motion can be measured using feature tracking of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images. The aim of our study was to detect differences in LV mechanics between patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) who were matched using a propensity score-based model.
Methods
Between April 2017 and October 2019, 1224 patients were included in our CMR registry, among them 141 with ICM and 77 with DCM. Propensity score matching was used to pair patients based on their indexed end-diastolic volume (EDVi), ejection fraction (EF), and septal T1 relaxation time. Feature tracking provided six parameters for global longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain with corresponding strain rates.
Results
Propensity score matching yielded 72 patients in each group (DCM mean age 58.6 ± 11.6 years, 15 females; ICM mean age 62.6 ± 13.2 years, 11 females, p = 0.084 and 0.44 respectively; LV-EF 32.2 ± 13.5% vs. 33.8 ± 12.1%, p = 0.356; EDVi 127.2 ± 30.7 ml/m² vs. 121.1 ± 41.8 ml/m², p = 0.251; native T1 values 1165 ± 58 ms vs. 1167 ± 70 ms, p = 0.862). There was no difference in global longitudinal strain between DCM and ICM patients (-10.9 ± 5.5% vs. -11.2 ± 4.7%, p = 0.72), whereas in DCM patients there was a significant reduction in global circumferential strain (-10.0 ± 4.5% vs. -12.2 ± 4.7%, p = 0.002) and radial strain (17.1 ± 8.51 vs. 21.2 ± 9.7%, p = 0.039).
Conclusion
Our data suggest that ICM and DCM patients have inherently different myocardial mechanics, even if phenotypes are similar. The ability to discriminate these two conditions may aid in developing additional prognostic and therapeutic strategies in the future.
Child Marriage Acceptability Index (CMAI): South and Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Ratnaningsih Muliani , Wibowo Heribertus Rinto , Goodwin Nicholas J , Rezki Ade Ayu Kartika Sari , R Ridwan , Hadyani Ratnakanya Nitya , Minnick Emilie , Ulum Derry Fahrizal , Kostaman Tanti Kosmiyati , Faizah Sitti Nur 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aims to assess child marriage acceptability in the two locations in Indonesia by gender inequality, financial security, education rates, legal frameworks, dowry, sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV).MethodsThis study used a quantitative approach with a cross sectional study design. A total of 1,000 respondents consisting of 500 households in Bone District, South Sulawesi and 500 households in Palu, Sigi, Donggala District in Central Sulawesi participated in the study. Data analyses were conducted based on the Acceptability Child Marriage Index (ACMI) by using the bivariate correlation, ANOVA (analysis of variance) and logistic regression.ResultsThis study found several significant factors contributed to child marriage acceptance in Central and South Sulawesi: household financial security (p=0.016), dowry (p=0.000) and legal frameworks (p=0.017) based on ANOVA analysis. After conducting bivariate correlation, dowry (p=0.000) and sexual and gender-based violence (p=0.000) remain significant factors. Dowry (p=0.000, with expected B=0.122), and sexual and gender-based violence (p=0.001, with expected B=0.064) remains significant after the linear regression analysis.ConclusionsDowry practice and sexual and gender-based violence were the most significant factors contributing to the child marriage acceptance in Central and South Sulawesi. There is a need to conduct interventions to prevent child marriage including providing sexual and reproductive health education.
Effectiveness of School-based Interventions for Preventing Tobacco Smoking Initiation Among Young People in Low-and-middle-income Countries: a Systematic Review Protocol.
Authors: Logo Divine Darlington , Enuameh Yeetey , Adjei George , Singh Arti , Nakua Emmanuel , Dassah Edward , Oppong Felix Boakye , Owusu-Dabo Ellis 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: In-school young people in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are more likely to initiate tobacco use, sustain its use, and are at a higher risk of tobacco related-harms compared to their counterparts in High-Income Countries. Synthesized evidence however on the effectiveness of school-based tobacco prevention interventions for preventing tobacco initiation among young people in LMICs are not documented. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of school-based interventions compared to non-intervention school programmes in preventing tobacco smoking initiation among young people in LMICs, including Ghana.Methods: The JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness will guide the conduct of this review. A comprehensive strategic search will be developed to retrieve both published and unpublished studies. Studies published in the English language from the year 2000 will be considered for the review. The processes of study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis will be in accordance with the JBI approach for reviews of effectiveness. The primary outcome for the review will be the non-initiation of tobacco smoking by the youth. Discussion: We anticipate providing synthesized evidence on the effectiveness of school-based smoking initiation prevention among young people in LMICs. The findings could also support policymakers in regulating and implementing smoke-free laws.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021246206
What Is the Impact of Ambulatory Vital Sign Monitoring on Deterioration Detection and Related Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalised Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Areia Carlos Morgado , Biggs Christopher , Santos Mauro , Thurley Neal , Gerry Stephen , Tarassenko Lionel , Watkinson Peter , Vollam Sarah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Timely recognition of the deteriorating inpatient remains challenging. Ambulatory monitoring systems (AMS) may augment current monitoring practices. However, there are many challenges to implementation in the hospital environment, and evidence describing the clinical impact of AMS on deterioration detection and patient outcome remains unclear. Objective: To assess the impact of vital signs monitoring on detection of deterioration and related clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients using ambulatory monitoring systems, in comparison with standard care.Methods: A systematic search was conducted in August 2020 using MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CENTRAL and Health Technology Assessment databases, as well as grey literature. Studies comparing the use of AMS against standard care for deterioration detection and related clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients were included. Deterioration related outcomes (primary) included unplanned intensive care admissions, rapid response team or cardiac arrest activation, total and major complications rate. Other clinical outcomes (secondary) included in-hospital mortality and hospital length of stay. Exploratory outcomes included alerting system parameters and clinical trial registry information. Results: Of 8706 citations, 10 studies with different designs met the inclusion criteria, of which 7 were included in the meta-analyses. Overall study quality was moderate. The meta-analysis indicated that the AMS, when compared with standard care, was associated with a reduction in intensive care transfers (risk ratio, RR, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.66 to 1.15), rapid response or cardiac arrest team activation (RR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.01), total (RR, 0.77; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.32) and major (RR, 0.55; 95% CI 0.24 to 1.30) complications prevalence. There was also association with reduced mortality (RR, 0.48; 95% CI 0.18 to 1.29) and hospital length of stay (mean difference, MD, -0.09; 95% CI -0.43 to 0.44). However, none were statistically significant.Conclusion: This systematic review indicates that implementation of AMS may have a positive impact on early deterioration detection and associated clinical outcomes, but differing design/quality of available studies and diversity of outcomes measures limits a definite conclusion. Our narrative findings suggested that alarms should be adjusted to minimise false alerts and promote rapid clinical action in response to deterioration.PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42020188633
Recovery measures and field management strategies after hailstone damage in upland cotton
Authors: Nie Hushuai , Su Ying , Li Le , Dai Maohua , Wang Dingwei , Su Beibei , Xiao Feng , Hua Jinping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It hailed vehemently three times in 2015 and 2016 in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and damaged cotton seedling and buds. The apical buds, leaves and stems were damaged as well as boll branches and few flower buds in our experiments. Serials strategies were performed to recover and rescue the cotton plants. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely.
Results

The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new boll branches (NBB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and with different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield after hail damage, Sumian 20, 11–0710 and 11–0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber elongation decreased slightly in the five accessions and in two populations.
Conclusions

The present study indicated that different accessions showed varied recovery ability for yield production, but all of them with a decreased ratio less than 20%. In addition, there was no significant effect on fiber quality in different cotton varieties. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage.
Integrative Analysis of Multiomics Data Identified Acetylation as Key Variable of Excessive Energy Metabolism in Hyperthyroidism-induced Osteoporosis Rats
Authors: Bei Jiaxin , Zhu Shaoping , Du Minqun , Tang Zheng , Chen Cailing , Yang Kevin , Hu Zhihui , Zhong Ying , Zhang Xianhong , Li Wangen , Hu Zhuo qing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The results from the previous experiment have demonstrated that there were occurrence of bone loss and excess metabolism in Hyperthyroidism-induced rats. Thus, there was speculation that there may be an underlying relationship between metabolism and bone loss. In addition, there were past studies showing acetylation influencing metabolism in tissues and diseases. The hypothesis from this case study stated that excessive metabolism was induced upon acetylated vital metabolism enzymes.
Results
In the case study, a HYP-induced osteoporosis rats model was used and the glucose metabolite was tested through the acetylation of proteins by the mass spectrometer. The results showed that pivotal enzymes of Glycolysis-Tricarboxylic acid cycle-Oxidative phosphorylation were acetyled along with upregulated metabolites. All the acetyly-lysine sites of related enzymes were listed in this article.Our results showed that bone loss in HYP rats accompanied by upregulation of CREB-binding protein (Crebbp, CBP). Furthermore, our result indicated that CBP has a close relationship with enhancement of LDHa that promote glucose metabolism.
Conclusions
Acetylation is the key variable of energy metabolism in hyperthyroid osteoporosis rats, therein, we showed a representation relationship between CBP and LDHa.
Synergistic Cascade Strategy Based on Modifying Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Huan , Xu Jinshun , Gao Binyang , Wang Hong , Huang Jianbo , Zhou Jie , Yang Rui , Yan Feng , Peng Yulan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with very few treatment options. Although tumor-targeted nanomedicines hold great promise for the treatment of TNBC, the tumor microenvironment (TME) continues to be a major cause of failure in nanotherapy and immunotherapy. To overcome this barrier, we designed a new synergistic cascade strategy (SCS) that uses mild hyperthermia and smart drug delivery system (SDDS) to alter TME resistance in order to improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy of TNBC.Methods: Mild hyperthermia was produced by microwave (MW) irradiation. SDDS were formulated with thermosensitive polymer-lipid nanoparticles (HA-BNPs@Ptx), composed of polymer PLGA, phospholipid DPPC, hyaluronic acid (HA, a differentiation-44 targeted molecule, also known as CD44), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-L-lactate (BML, a MW sensitizer) and paclitaxel (Ptx, chemotherapy drug). 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice were treated with two-step MW combined with HA-BNPs@Ptx. Tumors in mice were pretreated with 1st MW irradiation prior to nanoparticle injection to modify TME and promote TME and promoting nanoparticle uptake and retention. The 2nd MW irradiation was performed on the tumor 24 h after the injection HA-BNPs@Ptx to produce a synergistic cascade effect through activating BML, thus enhancing hyperthermia effect, and instantly releasing Ptx at the tumor site.Results: Multifunctional CD44-targeted nanoparticles HA-BNPs@Ptx were successfully prepared and validated in-vitro. After the 1st MW irradiation of tumors in mice, the intratumoral perfusion increased by 2 times and the nanoparticle uptake augmented by 7 times. With the 2nd MW irradiation, remarkable anti-tumor effects were obtained with the inhibition rate up to 88%. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis showed that SCS therapy could not only promote the tumor cells apoptosis, trigger the immune response of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, but also significantly reduce the lung metastasis. Conclusions: The SCS using mild hyperthermia combined with smart drug delivery system, can significantly improve the efficacy of TNBC treatment in mice by modifying TME and hyperthermia-mediated EPR effects.
Validation and modification of existing mortality prediction model for lower gastrointestinal bleeding: A retrospective study
Authors: Lee Hyun Suk , Moon Hee Seok , Kwon In Sun , Jeong Hyun Yong , Lee Byung Seok , Kim Seok Hyun , Lee Eaum-Seok , Sung Jae Kyu , Kang Sun Hyung 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) often subsides by itself; however, in some cases, the bleeding does not stop and the patient’s condition worsens. Therefore, if the occurrence of severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding can be predicted in advance, it can be helpful for treatment. This study aimed to evaluate variables related to mortality from LGIB and to propose a scoring system.
Methods
This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of patients who visited the emergency room with hematochezia between January 2016 and December 2020. Through regression analysis of vital signs, laboratory investigations, and hospital stay, variables related to LGIB-related mortality were evaluated. A scoring system was developed, and the appropriateness with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was evaluated and compared with other existing models.
Results
A total of 932 patients were hospitalized for LGIB. Variables associated with LGIB-related mortality were the presence of cancer, heart rate of > 100 beats/min, blood urea nitrogen level of ≥ 30 mg/dL, an international normalized ratio of > 1.50, and albumin level of ≤ 3.0 g/dL. The AUROCs of CNUH-4 and CNUH-5 were 0.890 (p < 0.001; cutoff, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.0851 − 0.929) and 0.901 (p < 0.001; cutoff, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.869 − 0.933), respectively.
Conclusions
The model developed for predicting the risk of LGIB-related mortality is simple and easy to apply clinically. The AUROC of the model was better than that of the existing models.
Adding Intercropping Maize and Faba Bean Root Residues Increases Phosphorus Bioavailability in a Calcareous Soil Due to Organic Phosphorus Mineralization
Authors: Liao Dan , Zhang Chaochun , Lambers Hans , Zhang Fusuo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and aims Root residues are an important factor influencing soil phosphorus (P) availability for crop uptake, but how the residues from different species combinations in sole cropping or intercropping systems affect soil P pools remains unclear. Methods Maize and faba bean were planted as either sole crops or intercrops in a P-deficient calcareous soil with and without addition of corresponding previous crop (pre-crop) roots. This was repeated in three cultivations cycles in a greenhouse experiment. Plants sampled in each experiment were analyzed for biomass and P content, and soils sampled from all treatments in the last cultivation were analyzed for soil characteristics. Results Addition of a mixture of intercrop root residues increased biomass, total P content, microbial biomass P concentration and soil acid phosphatase activity, compared with addition of root residues of a single crop. The Hedley soil P fractions from three continuous cultivation cycles differed, depending on root residue source. The sole maize root residue with high C/P ratio caused a considerable depletion of inorganic P (NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and 1 M HCl-Pi), and the sole faba bean root residue with lower C/P ratio caused a large depletion in Resin-P and NaHCO3-Po fractions, and the root residue of intercrops with a medium C/P ratio depleted more of the NaHCO3-Po and conc. HCl-Po fractions. However, without root residues, sole faba bean depleted more of the Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and NaHCO3-Po fractions than the other two cropping systems did because of its higher P content. Conclusions Adding root residues of mixed species accelerated soil organic P mineralization (NaHCO3-Po and conc. HCl-Po) by increasing microbial biomass P concentrations and acid phosphatase activities, and thus enhanced the intercropping advantage in terms of biomass and P content in a P-deficient soil.
Effect of organic compounds on cognac sensory profile
Authors: Eliseev Mikhail , Gribkova Irina , Kosareva Olga , Alexeyeva Olga 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The present research featured the effect of carbonyls, phenols, furans, fatty alcohols, ethers, and other chemical compounds on the sensory properties of cognac distillates of different ages. The research objective was to identify additional criteria of sensory evaluation by measuring the effect of various compounds on perception intensity.
Study objects and methods. The study featured cognac samples of different ages. The experiment involved standard methods, including high-performance liquid and gas chromatography and a mathematical analysis based on Microsoft software.
Results and discussion. The content of fatty alcohols, ethers, and carbonyl compounds that formed as a result of fermentation demonstrated little change during the aging period in oak casks. A longer extraction increased the content of phenolic and furan compounds and sugars. The content of terpene compounds decreased due to their high lability. The study revealed the effect of organic compounds on taste descriptors. The article introduces multivariate equations that calculate the dependences of the descriptor intensity on the content of organic compounds. A correlation and regression analysis revealed that phenolic compounds had a significant effect on the taste formation of cognac samples, depending on the aging time.
Conclusion. Organic compounds proved to affect the taste profiles of cognac samples of different ages, as well as sensory evaluation descriptors.
Interrelationships between policies to encourage biofuels, energy efficiency and climate change mitigation: A synergistic analysis focusing on the Brazilian RenovaBio Program
Authors: Simões André Felipe , Kutianski José Romeiro Laércio , Massao Kurita Rodrigo 
Published: July 2021

O Brasil, que possui matriz energética tipicamente renovável e como um dos líderes mundiais em produção de biocombustíveis aprovou, em 2017, a implantação de política de fomento aos biocombustíveis correlata à redução das emissões de Gases do Efeito Estufa (GEE), por meio do Programa RenovaBio. O Brasil está inserido em um pequeno grupo de países que possuem matriz energética tipicamente renovável, diferentemente da matriz média mundial que se caracteriza por ser basicamente de origem fóssil. Urge frisar que a despeito da importância crescente que diversos países têm mostrado ao inserir em seus programas econômicos metas de redução das emissões de GEE, os combustíveis de origem fóssil ainda representam um “driver” para maioria dos polos econômicos. Destarte, o objetivo do presente trabalho, de caráter exploratório e com foco em políticas endereçadas ao fomento da oferta e do consumo de biocombustíveis no Brasil e em blocos de países, é analisar, sinergicamente, eventuais discrepâncias tecnológicas, regulatórias e econômicas entre países desenvolvidos e países em desenvolvimento. Concomitantemente, objetiva-se contribuir para a compreensão ampliada sobre o papel da eficiência energética e dos biocombustíveis para o estabelecimento de uma economia de baixo carbono, em nível global. Para tanto, como percursos metodológico, empreendeu-se a uma aprofundada revisão bibliográfica sistêmica com base, centralmente, em periódicos científicos arbitrados e em relatórios de agências públicas e privadas produzidos no Brasil e no exterior atuantes na área de biocombustíveis, eficiência energética e mitigação das mudanças climáticas. Constatou-se que o delineamento e realização de uma economia de baixo carbono que coteje substancial redução da emissão global de GEE ao longo do corrente século XXI e que signifique que a temperatura média da superfície terrestre não ultrapasse os 2 ºC até 2100, tal como preconiza o vigente Acordo de Paris, inexoravelmente, requer medidas de eficiência energética alicerçadas em políticas de fomento à produção e ao consumo de biocombustíveis.
Palavras-chave: Mitigação das mudanças climáticas. Eficiência Energética. Biocombustíveis. Programa Brasileiro Renovabio. Acordo de Paris.