bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate with the incidence of sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Azegami Tatsuhiko , Kaneko Hidehiro , Okada Akira , Suzuki Yuta , Ko Toshiyuki , Fujiu Katsuhito , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Takeda Norihiko , Yokoo Takashi , Yasunaga Hideo , Nangaku Masaomi , Hayashi Kaori 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is potentially linked to life-threatening conditions. The decline in kidney function is involved in the development of various diseases; however, it remains unclear whether it is implicated in the onset of SAS. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between kidney function and the incidence of SAS.

Methods
The association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the incidence of SAS was assessed retrospectively using real-world administrative claims and health checkup data collected between April 2014 and November 2022. To strengthen robustness, three stratified analyses and four sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results
We assessed 1 589 259 individuals for the analysis. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 1167 (652–1699) days, 11 054 cases of SAS events were documented. Multivariable Cox regression analyses after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical inactivity, demonstrated that the decrease in eGFR (eGFR ≥ 90, 60–89, 45–59, 30–44, and &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2) was associated with a higher risk of SAS (hazard ratio [95% confidence intervals]; 1 [reference value], 1.13 [1.06–1.20], 1.22 [1.13–1.32], 1.34 [1.17–1.52], 1.82 [1.43–2.33]). In the restricted cubic spline regression model, the risk of developing SAS increased with the reduction in eGFR. The results of the sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary findings.

Conclusion
Our analysis utilizing a large-scale population-based cohort concluded that reduced eGFR is associated with the risk of developing SAS in a dose-dependent manner.
Genetic Ablation of p16 Mitigates Premature Osteoporosis Induced by PTHrP Nuclear Localization Sequence and C-terminal Deletion through Inhibition of Cellular Senescence
Authors: Han Yongli , Qiao Wanxin , Xue Qi , Miao Dengshun , Dong Zhan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Premature osteoporosis due to parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) dysfunction presents significant bone health challenges. This study explores the role of p16-mediated cellular senescence in this condition using a Pthrp knock-in (KI) mouse model lacking the nuclear localization sequence and C-terminus of PTHrP. We generated p16⁻⁄⁻KI mice and compared them with wild-type, p16⁻⁄⁻, and KI mice. The genetic ablation of p16 in KI mice extended their lifespan, increased body size, and weight. Micro-CT analysis revealed a significant increase in bone volume, while histological and immunohistochemical studies revealed enhanced chondrocyte proliferation and osteoblast function in p16⁻⁄⁻KI mice. In vitro experiments showed enhanced differentiation capacity and reduced senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from p16⁻⁄⁻KI mice. Molecular analyses indicated that p16 knockout partially reversed oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cellular senescence observed in KI mice, as evidenced by upregulated antioxidant enzymes, reduced DNA damage markers, and decreased senescence markers. These findings highlight the critical role of p16-mediated cellular senescence in the premature osteoporosis phenotype of KI mice, suggesting that targeting cellular senescence pathways could offer a promising therapeutic strategy for premature osteoporosis and age-related bone loss. This research provides new insights into the interplay between genetic factors, cellular senescence, and bone metabolism in the context of aging and osteoporosis.
Sevoflurane attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating miR-4454
Authors: Chen Jianxing , Zhang Gaofeng , Guo Aili , Mou Changliang , Du Meiqing , Zhai Shuang , Huang Mingshan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background: Sevoflurane (Sevo) prevents hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes injury. The expression of miR-4,454 was increased in individuals experiencing an acute myocardial infarction. Objective: The purpose of current investigation was to delved into whether the effects of Sevo on cardiomyocytes are mediated through regulation of miR-4,454 expression. Method: In this study, the expression levels of miR-4,454 and BAG5 were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were detected using various commercially available kits to assess the level of oxidative stress in the cells. The luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the interaction of miR-4,454 with downstream target genes. Results: There was a notable upregulation of miR-4,454 expression in H/R-induced cardiomyocyte models. This was accompanied by a decrease in the viability of myocardial cells induced by H/R and an intensification of the extent of myocardial injury and oxidative stress. However, the detrimental effects were mitigated by the administration of Sevo. miR-4,454 had a target site for binding to BAG5, and its expression was negatively modulated by miR-4,454. An increase in the expression of BAG5 was shown to directly offset the exacerbation of cardiomyocyte damage induced by the overexpression of miR-4,454. Conclusion: Sevo may attenuate H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating miR-4454.
Thighplasty for Transfemoral Amputations and Osseointegration: Lower Rate of Complications Than Thighplasty for Body Contouring
Authors: Gibbs Hannah P. , Anderson Ashley B. , Hoyt Benjamin W. , Saberski Ean R. , Forsberg Jonathan A. , Souza Jason M. , Potter Benjamin K. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Modern techniques in lower extremity amputation have made significant advances to improve prosthetic control and soft-tissue envelopes through various techniques, including medial thighplasties. These advances are necessary to enhance the fit and functionality of the prosthesis in transfemoral amputations.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of all thighplasties performed at our institution in patients with ipsilateral transfemoral amputation from November 2017 to December 2021. We recorded complication rates, types of complications, and treatments throughout this period, and compared it to thighplasty for cosmetic surgery patient outcomes. Univariate statistics were performed using the Student t test and χ2 analysis to identify differences between the complication and no-complication cohorts, as well as for comparison with published, historical, bariatric surgery, and cosmetic thighplasty controls.

Results:
There were 46 combined thighplasty and osseointegration procedures, and 12 thighplasty procedures alone, and all patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up. The mean follow-up was 3.39 (2.10–4.05) years. In total, 13 (22%) patients developed a complication: 8 (57%) were due to dehiscence, 2 (14%) were due to seroma, 2 (14%) were due to superficial infection, and 1 (7%) was due to deep infection. Overall, our rate of complication was significantly lower than the overall historical complication rate (22% versus 68%, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
We demonstrate herein that the overall complication rate for thighplasty undertaken to improve thigh contour and bulk in transfemoral amputees is lower than when thighplasty is undertaken for other indications.
A Systematic Review of Human Paenibacillus Infections and Comparison of Adult and Pediatric Cases
Authors: Smith Danielle , Bastug Kristen , Burgoine Kathy , Broach James R. , Hammershaimb E. Adrianne , Hehnly Christine , Morton Sarah U. , Osman Marwan , Schiff Steven J. , Ericson Jessica E. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Neonatal infections due to Paenibacillus species have increasingly been reported over the last few years.

Methods:
We performed a structured literature review of human Paenibacillus infections in pediatric and adult patients to compare the epidemiology of infections between these distinct patient populations.

Results:
Forty reports describing 177 infections were included. Two additional cases were brought to our attention by colleagues. There were 38 Paenibacillus infections occurring in adults caused by 23 species. The clinical presentations of infections were quite variable. In contrast, infections in infants were caused primarily by Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus (112/141, 79%). All the infants with Paenibacillus infection presented with sepsis syndrome or meningitis, often complicated by extensive cerebral destruction and hydrocephalus. Outcomes were commonly poor with 17% (24/141) mortality. Cystic encephalomalacia due to brain destruction was common in both Ugandan and American infant cases and 92/141 (65%) required surgical management of hydrocephalus following their infection.

Conclusions:

Paenibacillus species seem to cause a clinical syndrome in infants characterized by brain abscesses, hydrocephalus and death. This contrasts with infection in adults, which is sporadic with only rare involvement of the central nervous system and very few deaths.
The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for curative resected biliary tract cancers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Peng Yishan , Liang Aijun , Chen Zhi , Yang Bin , Yu Wenke , Deng Jingduo , Fu Yu , Nie Yu , Cheng Yuan 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Despite complete resection, the recurrence rate of biliary tract cancer (BTC) remains high, leading to poor prognosis. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) following radical resection may substantially reduce the recurrence risk by eradicating micrometastatic lesions. However, the benefits of postoperative ACT and the optimal ACT strategy are still unclear for BTC. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the prognostic value of ACT and compare the effectiveness of different ACTs among BTC patients after curative resection.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the benefits of ACT versus no intervention or other ACTs in BTC patients after curative resection. A random-effects network meta-analysis was performed to compare overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). The quality of evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework.

Results:
Eight RCTs comprising 1803 patients were included in the meta-analysis. ACT was associated with significant improvements in 5-year all-cause mortality [four RCTs, hazard rate (HR) 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87–1.00, marginally significant; low-certainty evidence], RFS (five RCTs, HR 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78–0.98; moderate-certainty evidence), and OS (7 studies, HR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75–0.96; low-certainty evidence) compared with observation. ACT had significantly better survival benefits on patients with negative margins (R0), lymph node-positive (N+), and tumor node metastasis classification (TNM) stage I/II (P < 0.05). Further network meta-analysis demonstrated that fluorouracil-based ACT was significantly inferior to gemcitabine-based ACT (HR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10–1.25) in improving RFS. However, both were superior to observation (P < 0.05). No statistical difference in OS was observed between gemcitabine-based and fluorouracil-based chemotherapy (HR 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86–1.20). In subgroup analysis, fluorouracil-based ACT but not gemcitabine-based ACT achieved significantly better OS benefits on patients with N+ (HR 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52–0.86) and R0 (HR 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54–0.88).

Conclusion:
Compared with observation, ACT should be routinely recommended to improve survival outcomes in BTC patients after curative resection, especially for those with R0, N+, and TNM stage I/II. Gemcitabine-based ACT performed better than other chemotherapies in improving RFS. This network meta-analysis provides precise information for determining the best adjuvant treatment for resected BTC. Further thorough and high-quality RCTs are needed.
Pneumorachis mimicking lumbar disc herniation combined with lumbar spinal stenosis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Fu Songning , Liu Lu , Liu Yadong , Xu Feng 
Published: December 2024

Rationale:
Pneumorachis is an uncommon lesion of the spinal canal, which is often asymptomatic. The pathogenesis and treatment strategies are uncertain because only a few cases have been reported. Some patients were treated with percutaneous aspiration or percutaneous endoscopic treatment, but poor pain release and symptom recurrence were observed. Some patients were treated with open surgery and completely cystectomy and had good clinical outcomes. This article reports a case of pneumorachis resembling lumbar disc herniation combined with lumbar spinal stenosis, in which the patient’s compressive symptoms were completely alleviated through open surgery.

Patient concerns:
A-56-year-old patient has a 1-year history of radicular pain in the left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging prior to surgery showed a low-signal mass, like a sequestrated disc, in the epidural space at the level of L4 left recess and lumbar spinal stenosis of L4-5 level on both sides. There was a disc-like lesion located at the L4 recess. Computed tomography (CT) showed a homogeneous pneumorachis with a clear boundary. The patient underwent open surgery. Postoperative CT showed that the lumbar canal was decompressed, and this patient was free from pain.

Diagnoses:
L4-5 lumbar canal stenosis, pneumorrhachis.

Interventions:
For treatment, the patient underwent open surgery to decompress the lumbar canal stenosis.

Outcomes:
Postoperative CT demonstrated complete decompression of the L4-5 spinal canal, resulting in immediate relief of the patient’s nerve root pain. At the 3-month follow-up after surgery, the patient remained pain-free.

Lessons:
For patients with suspected spinal pneumatosis, CT scans hold significant value to distinguish air and bones from soft-tissue lesions. Furthermore, in this case, we have demonstrated the effectiveness of open surgical treatment for spinal pneumatosis and achieved favorable prognostic outcomes.
Recurrent cholangitis due to an intrahepatic calculus caused by migrated coil for vascular embolization: A case report
Authors: Funamizu Naotake , Sogabe Kyosei , Uraoka Mio , Numata Yuki , Koizumi Mitsuhito , Ito Chihiro , Ueno Yoshitomo , Ikeda Yoshio , Umeda Yuzo 
Published: December 2024

Rationale:
Pseudoaneurysm is a potential postoperative complication in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, with catheter-based interventions being the first-line treatment. This study reviews the literature on potential secondary complications following arterial embolization. Additionally, we report a case in which a dislodged embolization coil acted as a nidus for bile duct stone formation, leading to recurrent cholangitis. This report aims to raise awareness among clinicians regarding such clinical scenarios.

Patient concerns:
In the current report, we discuss the case of a 43-year-old male patient, who had undergone coil embolization due to a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after biliary reconstruction because of bile duct injury during the laparoscopic cholecystectomy, was admitted to our hospital for repeated cholangitis.

Diagnoses:
Imaging modalities confirmed that the previously embolized coil had migrated into the bile duct, which was identified as the cause.

Interventions:
A double-balloon endoscopy revealed stones with a migrated coil as its nucleus.

Outcomes:
The endoscopic stone removal was completed.

Lessons:
We encountered a case in which an arterial embolization coil used for the treatment of a pseudoaneurysm migrated into the bile duct, acting as a nidus for stone formation and resulting in recurrent cholangitis. In patients with a history of intrahepatic coil embolization, it is essential to first confirm the location of the coil within the vasculature and then investigate the underlying cause of stone formation. It is important to consider coil migration as a differential diagnosis in cases of bile duct stones following hepatic artery embolization with coils.
The gut–heart axis: a review of gut microbiota, dysbiosis, and cardiovascular disease development
Authors: Abdulrahim Abdulrashid Onimisi , Doddapaneni Neha Sai Priya , Salman Nadhra , Giridharan Aditi , Thomas Jefrin , Sharma Kavya , Abboud Elias , Rochill Kinitoli , Shreelakshmi B , Gupta Vishyottama , Lakkimsetti Mohit , Mowo-Wale Adetola , Ali Noor 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and there are strong links existing between gut health and cardiovascular health. Gut microbial diversity determines gut health. Dysbiosis, described as altered gut microbiota, causes bacterial translocations and abnormal gut byproducts resulting in systemic inflammation.

Objective:
To review the current literature on the relationships between gut microbiota, dysbiosis, and CVD development, and explore therapeutic methods to prevent dysbiosis and support cardiovascular health.

Summary:
Dysbiosis increases levels of pro-inflammatory substances while reducing those of anti-inflammatory substances. This accumulative inflammatory effect negatively modulates the immune system and promotes vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. High Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios, high trimethylamine-n-oxide to short-chain fatty acid ratios, high indole sulfate levels, low cardiac output, and polypharmacy are all associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes. Supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics potentially alleviates some CVD risk. Blood and stool samples may be used in clinical practice to quantify and qualify gut bacterial ratios and byproducts, assess patients’ risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and track their gut health progress. Further research is required to set population-based cutoffs for normal and abnormal gut microbiota and byproduct ratios.
Sleep During Pregnancy and Offspring Outcomes From Infancy to Childhood: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nevarez-Brewster Melissa , Han Deborah , Todd Erin L. , Keim Paige , Doom Jenalee R. , Davis Elysia Poggi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Prenatal sleep problems have been previously linked to poor birth outcomes. However, much less is known about the associations between poor prenatal maternal sleep and offspring outcomes after birth. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the findings linking prenatal maternal sleep health and offspring health and development during infancy and childhood.

Methods
A total of 4650 nonduplicate articles were identified via PsycInfo and PubMed databases. After screening and full-text review, 34 articles met the inclusion criteria and were extracted for information.

Results
The bulk of studies in this review (n = 19; 76.5%) were published between 2019 and 2024. Measures of prenatal sleep included sleep timing, quality, sleep disorders and/or symptoms of disorders, and daytime sleepiness. Offspring outcomes were categorized as follows: a) sleep health (e.g., nighttime sleep duration, night wakings), b) physical health (e.g., body mass index, hospitalizations), c) child developmental outcomes (e.g., global development, negative affect, executive functioning), and d) brain structure and function (e.g., brain volume, event-related potentials). Evidence consistently links poor prenatal sleep health to poorer offspring sleep, higher body mass index, higher prevalence of physical health conditions, poorer global development, and more behavioral problems. Emerging evidence also links prenatal sleep to differences in offspring brain structure and function.

Conclusions
Poor prenatal maternal sleep health may be an environmental signal that informs offspring health. Future studies are needed to fully understand the pervasive, intergenerational, and long-lasting effects of sleep across pregnancy.
Risk optimization during ongoing movement: Insights from movement and gaze behavior in throwing
Authors: Zahno Stephan , Beck Damian , Kredel Ralf , Klostermann André , Hossner Ernst-Joachim 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHandling motor noise is fundamental to successful sensorimotor behavior, especially in high-risk situations. Research using finger-pointing tasks shows that humans account for motor noise and costs of potential outcomes in movement planning. However, does this mechanism generalize to more complex movement tasks? Here, we investigate sensorimotor behavior under risk in throwing across three experiments with 20 participants each. Their task was to throw balls at a target circle, partially overlapped by a penalty circle. This task challenged participants to find strategies that trade off potential penalties and rewards. In the experiments, penalty magnitude and the distance between the circles were manipulated. We measured the location of their final gaze fixation before movement—as an indicator of their planned aiming point—and the ball’s impact location. Without penalty, the final gaze fixation and the ball’s impact location were both centered on the target. In the penalty condition, the location of the participants’ final gaze fixations and the ball’s impact shifted away from the penalty circle, with larger shifts for higher penalties and smaller distances. Interestingly, the shifts in the ball’s impact locations were not only larger (“more conservative”) but also closer to the statistically optimal (expected gain-maximizing) location compared to the fixated aim points. Movement trajectory analyses show that, in penalty conditions, the shifts away from the penalty zone increased until the final phases of the movement. These results suggest that risk evaluation is not completed in a pre-movement planning phase but is further optimized during movement execution.NEW & NOTEWORTHYWe extend the study of sensorimotor behavior under risk from simple finger-pointing movements (Trommershäuser et al., 2008) to a complex throwing task in virtual reality. Our results suggest that, in complex sensorimotor behavior, risk evaluation of potential movements is not confined to a cognitive planning phase before movement but is optimized in action, with the motor system continuously biasing competing action options toward regions of higher expected rewards.