bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA sequencing reveals induction of specific renal inflammatory pathways in a rat model of malignant hypertension
Authors: Menendez-Castro Carlos , Cordasic Nada , Fahlbusch Fabian B. , Ekici Arif B. , Kirchner Philipp , Daniel Christoph , Amann Kerstin , Velkeen Roland , Wölfle Joachim , Schiffer Mario , Hartner Andrea , Hilgers Karl F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In malignant hypertension, far more severe kidney injury occurs than in the “benign” form of the disease. The role of high blood pressure and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is well recognized, but the pathogenesis of the renal injury of malignant hypertension (MH) remains incompletely understood. Using the rat model of two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension in which some but not all animals develop MH, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of gene expression by RNA sequencing to identify transcriptional changes in the kidney cortex specific for MH. Differential gene expression was assessed in three groups: MH, non-malignant hypertension (NMH), and normotensive, sham-operated controls. To distinguish MH from NMH, we considered two factors: weight loss and typical renovascular lesions. Mean blood pressure measured intraarterially was elevated in MH (220 ± 6.5 mmHg) as well as in NMH (192 ± 6.4 mmHg), compared to controls (119 ± 1.7 mmHg, p < 0.05). Eight hundred eighty-six genes were exclusively regulated in MH only. Principal component analysis revealed a separated clustering of the three groups. The data pointed to an upregulation of many inflammatory mechanisms in MH including pathways which previously attracted relatively little attention in the setting of hypertensive kidney injury: Transcripts from all three complement activation pathways were upregulated in MH compared to NMH but not in NMH compared with controls; immunohistochemistry confirmed complement deposition in MH exclusively. The expression of chemokines attracting neutrophil granulocytes (CXCL6) and infiltration of myeloperoxidase-positive cells were increased only in MH rats. The data suggest that these pathways, especially complement deposition, may contribute to kidney injury under MH.

Key messages

The most severe hypertension-induced kidney injury occurs in malignant hypertension.

In a rat model of malignant hypertension, we assessed transcriptional responses in the kidney exposed to high blood pressure. A broad stimulation of inflammatory mechanisms was observed, but a few specific pathways were activated only in the malignant form of the disease, notably activation of the complement cascades.

Complement inhibitors may alleviate the thrombotic microangiopathy of malignant hypertension even in the absence of primary complement abnormalities.
Versorgungswirklichkeit ausgewählter kinderurologischer Eingriffe in Deutschland von 2006 bis 2019
Authors: Maier Markus , Ebert Anne-Karoline , Baunacke Martin , Groeben Christer , Eisenmenger Nicole , Thomas Christian , Huber Johannes 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die konservative und chirurgische Behandlung von Kindern ist in der urologischen Facharztweiterbildung fest verankert und stellt eine Kernkompetenz der urologischen Versorgung dar. Berufspolitisch wird seit vielen Jahren ein zunehmender Verlust dieses Schwerpunkts befürchtet. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, reale Fallzahlen und eine mögliche Dynamik in der Verteilung kinderurologischer Eingriffe auf die Fachabteilungen für Urologie und Kinderchirurgie in Deutschland zu prüfen.

Material und Methoden
Als Index-Eingriffe definierten wir Operationen des Hodenhochstands, der Hypospadie und des vesikoureteralen Refluxes (VUR). Mithilfe der Software reimbursement.INFO (RI Innovation GmbH, Hürth) werteten wir die öffentlich zugänglichen Qualitätsberichtsdaten der deutschen Krankenhäuser von 2006 bis 2019 aus und wiesen sie den entsprechenden Fachrichtungen zu.

Ergebnisse
Die Orchidopexie erfolgt häufiger in der Urologie, wohingegen die Hypospadiekorrektur und die operative Therapie des VUR häufiger in der Kinderchirurgie durchgeführt werden. Anteilig zeigte sich für die Orchidopexie und die operative Refluxtherapie keine relevante Verschiebung zwischen urologischen und kinderchirurgischen Kliniken im Untersuchungszeitraum. Bei den Hypospadiekorrekturen nimmt der Anteil der Operationen in kinderchirurgischen Einheiten zu (p < 0,0001). In der Kinderchirurgie erfolgen 84–93 % der analysierten Eingriffe in High-volume-Abteilungen während dieser Anteil in der Urologie bei 56–73 % liegt. Insbesondere die operative Refluxtherapie in der Urologie erfolgt zu einem hohen Anteil als Gelegenheitseingriff (30 % „very low volume“).

Schlussfolgerung
Die Qualitätsberichtsdaten ermöglichen die Erfassung der Fallzahlen und die Analyse der Verteilung zwischen Urologie und Kinderchirurgie in Deutschland. Dabei ist für die Hypospadiekorrektur eine relevante Verschiebung in Richtung der Kinderchirurgie zu beobachten. Die Ursachen und möglichen berufspolitischen Konsequenzen dieser ersten Erhebung sind komplex und bedürfen weiterer Analysen.
A simulation-based module in pharmacology education reveals and addresses medical students’ deficits in leading prescription talks
Authors: Kirsch Verena , Matthes Jan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Although doctor-patient communication is essential for drug prescription, the literature reveals deficits in this area. An educational approach at the Cologne medical faculty aims at identifying and addressing those deficits in medical students.Fifth-year medical students first conducted a simulated prescription talk spontaneously. Subsequently, the conversation was discussed with peer students. A pharmacist moderated the discussion based upon a previously developed conversation guide. Afterwards, the same student had the conversation again, but as if for the first time. Conversations were video-recorded, transcribed and subjected to quantitative content analysis. Four days after the simulation, the students who conducted the talk, those who observed and discussed it, and students who did neither, completed a written test that focused on the content of an effective prescription talk.Content analysis revealed clear deficits in spontaneously led prescription talks. Even essential information as on adverse drug reactions were often lacking. Prescription talks became clearly more informative and comprehensive after the short, guided peer discussion. With regard to a comprehensive, informative prescription talk, the written test showed that both the students who conducted the talk and those who only observed it performed clearly better than the students who did not participate in the educational approach.Deficits regarding prescription talks are present in 5th year medical students. We provide an approach to both identify and address these deficits. It thus may be an example for training medical students in simulated and clinical environments like the EACPT recommended to improve pharmacology education.
The effects of continuous oromotor activity on speech motor learning: speech biomechanics and neurophysiologic correlates
Authors: Stipancic Kaila L. , Kuo Yi-Ling , Miller Amanda , Ventresca Hayden M. , Sternad Dagmar , Kimberley Teresa J. , Green Jordan R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSustained limb motor activity has been used as a therapeutic tool for improving rehabilitation outcomes and is thought to be mediated by neuroplastic changes associated with activity-induced cortical excitability. Although prior research has reported enhancing effects of continuous chewing and swallowing activity on learning, the potential beneficial effects of sustained oromotor activity on speech improvements is not well-documented. This exploratory study was designed to examine the effects of continuous oromotor activity on subsequent speech learning. Twenty neurologically healthy young adults engaged in periods of continuous chewing and speech after which they completed a novel speech motor learning task. The motor learning task was designed to elicit improvements in accuracy and efficiency of speech performance across repetitions of eight-syllable nonwords. In addition, transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to measure the cortical silent period (cSP) of the lip motor cortex before and after the periods of continuous oromotor behaviors. All repetitions of the nonword task were recorded acoustically and kinematically using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Productions were analyzed for accuracy and duration, as well as lip movement distance and speed. A control condition estimated baseline improvement rates in speech performance. Results revealed improved speech performance following 10 min of chewing. In contrast, speech performance following 10 min of continuous speech was degraded. There was no change in the cSP as a result of either oromotor activity. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed in the context of speech rehabilitation and neuromodulation.
National Trends and Perioperative Outcomes of Robotic‐assisted Hepatectomy in the USA: A Propensity‐score Matched Analysis from the National Cancer Database
Authors: Kamel Mohamed K. , Tuma Faiz , Keane Charles A. , Blebea John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundA paucity of data exists on the national use of robotic hepatectomy. We assessed national trends and perioperative outcomes of robotic hepatectomy in the USA. In addition, factors associated with use of the robotic approach were analyzed.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients undergoing hepatectomy from 2010 to 2016. Patients undergoing total hepatectomy for transplant were excluded. Factors associated with the use of the robotic approach were assessed using logistic regression multivariable analysis. Propensity‐score analysis was performed (robotic vs. laparoscopic and robotic vs. open approaches), and perioperative outcomes were compared between the matched groups.ResultsThe robotic approach was used in 287 patients (110 hospitals). Utilization of the robotic approach increased significantly on the national level from 0.8% in 2010 to 4.1% in 2016 (P<0.001). The number of hospitals performing a minimum of one robotic hepatectomy per year increased from 8 in 2010 to 35 in 2016. The median hospital length of stay was 4 days (IQR 3–6), 30‐day readmission rate was 5%, and 30‐day/90‐day mortality rates were 3%/4%. Factors associated with using robotic approach were African‐American race (95% CI 1.02–2.11), recent year of surgery (95% CI 1.11–1.32), HCC histology (95% CI 1.01–52.03), tumor size (95% CI 0.87–0.96), and early‐stage tumor (Stage I‐II, 95% CI 1.27–3.99). On propensity‐matched analysis, there were no differences between robotic and open approaches (n=184 each group) in 30‐day readmission (5% vs. 7%, P=0.651), 30‐day mortality (2% vs. 4%, P=0.106), 90‐day mortality (3% vs. 7%, P=0.080), or 5‐year overall survival (58% vs. 43%, P=0.211). However, the robotic approach was associated with a significantly shorter hospital stay (median: 4 vs. 6 days, P<0.001). There were no differences between matched groups of patients undergoing robotic and laparoscopic approaches (n=182 in each group) in perioperative outcomes or length of hospital stay.ConclusionNational use of robotic‐assisted hepatectomy has increased by fivefold over the seven‐year study period. It was associated with a shorter hospital length of stay compared to the open approach without compromising perioperative outcomes or survival.
On the Existence of Symmetric Bicircular Central Configurations of the 3n-Body Problem
Authors: Corbera Montserrat , Valls Claudia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we consider central configurations of the planar 3n-body problem consisting of n masses at the vertices of a regular n-gon inscribed in a circle of radius r and 2n masses at the vertices of a second (not necessarily regular) concentric 2n-gon inscribed in a circle of radius ar which are symmetric in the sense that the set of positions of the 3n masses and the set of the corresponding masses are invariant under the action of a finite subgroup of O(2). There are two different types of such configurations. In the first type, called regular bicircular central configurations of the 3n-body problem, the second 2n-gon is regular, n of the vertices of the second n-gon are aligned with the vertices of the first regular n-gon and the masses at the vertices of this 2n-gon alternate values. In the second type, called semiregular bicircular central configurations of the 3n-body problem, the second 2n-gon is semiregular and the masses at its vertices are all of them equal. A semiregular 2n-gon has n pair of vertices symmetric by a reflection of an angle $$\beta $$
β
with respect to the axis of symmetry of the first regular n-gon. Our aim is to analyze the set of values of the parameter a for the regular 2n-gon and of the parameters $$(a,\beta )$$

(
a
,
β
)

for the semiregular 2n-gon providing symmetric bicircular central configurations. In particular, for all $$n\ge 2 $$

n
≥
2

we prove analytically the existence of symmetric bicircular central configurations with a (respectively $$(a,\beta )$$

(
a
,
β
)

) satisfying some particular conditions. Using either computer-assisted results or numerical results, we also describe the complete set of values of a (respectively $$(a,\beta )$$

(
a
,
β
)

) providing symmetric bicircular central configurations for $$n=2,3,4,5$$

n
=
2
,
3
,
4
,
5

and we give numerical evidences that the pattern for $$n>5$$

n
>
5

is the same as the one for $$n=5$$

n
=
5

.
Associations of dietary glycemic index and load during pregnancy with blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders
Authors: Wiertsema Clarissa J. , Wahab Rama J. , Mulders Annemarie G. M. G. J. , Gaillard Romy 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the associations of dietary glycemic index and load with gestational blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders.

Methods
In a population-based cohort among 3378 pregnant Dutch women, dietary glycemic index and load were assessed from food frequency questionnaires at median 13.4 (95% range 9.9–22.9) weeks gestation. Blood pressure was measured in early-, mid- and late-pregnancy. Placental hemodynamic parameters were measured in mid- and late-pregnancy by ultrasound. Data on gestational hypertensive disorders was acquired from medical records.

Results
Mean dietary glycemic index (SD) was 58 (3) and mean dietary glycemic load (SD) was 155 (47). Dietary glycemic index was not associated with blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. Higher dietary glycemic load SDS was associated with a higher diastolic blood pressure in early-pregnancy, remaining after adjustment for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors ((0.98 (95% CI 0.35–1.61) mmHg per SDS increase in glycemic load). No other associations of glycemic load with blood pressure or placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders were present. No significant associations of dietary glycemic index and load quartiles with longitudinal blood pressure patterns from early to late-pregnancy were present.

Conclusion
Within this low-risk pregnant population, we did not find consistent associations of dietary glycemic index and load with blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. Further studies need to assess whether the effects on gestational hemodynamic adaptations are more pronounced among high-risk women with an impaired glucose metabolism.
Sustainability analysis of Finnish pre-schoolers’ diet based on targets of the EAT-Lancet reference diet
Authors: Bäck Sari , Skaffari Essi , Vepsäläinen Henna , Lehto Reetta , Lehto Elviira , Nissinen Kaija , Ray Carola , Nevalainen Jaakko , Roos Eva , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Korkalo Liisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The EAT-Lancet reference diet is a healthy plant-based diet produced within planetary boundaries. To inform the food system transformation, we compared Finnish pre-schoolers’ food consumption with the reference diet’s food group targets.

Methods
Food record data for 3- to 6-year-old pre-schoolers were collected in the cross-sectional DAGIS survey. Ingredients of composite dishes were available in the data. In addition, we manually decomposed industrial products such as sausages and biscuits by estimating the shares of ingredients. We also estimated the consumption of added sugars and converted the consumption of dairy products into milk equivalents. We used usual intake modelling to estimate the mean consumption and the proportion of children who met the reference diet’s targets. We set the target amounts separately for 3- to 4-year-olds and 5- to 6-year-olds in grams by proportioning the published target amounts (assuming a 2500 kcal diet) to the children’s mean reported energy intake.

Results
For both age groups (3- to 4-year-olds, n = 460; 5- to 6-year-olds, n = 402), the daily mean consumption of whole grains, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and unsaturated oils was below targets, whereas the consumption of red meat, dairy foods, tubers, and added sugars was above targets. The consumption of fruit and fish was in line with targets.

Conclusion
To comply with the reference diet’s targets, major changes in the diets of Finnish children are needed. The key food groups targeted for higher consumption are whole grains and legumes and targeted for lower consumption red meat and dairy products.
Five-year outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer: the largest experience in China
Authors: Zhao Xianzhi , Ye Yusheng , Yu Haiyan , Jiang Lingong , Cheng Chao , Guo Xueling , Ju Xiaoping , Zhu Xiaofei , Zhang Huojun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SBRT for localized prostate cancer (PCa) with CyberKnife in China. Moreover, it is the largest-to-date pilot study to report 5-year outcomes of SBRT for localized PCa from China.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 133 PCa patients in our center were treated by SBRT with CyberKnife (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, USA) from October 2012 to July 2019. Follow-up was performed every 3 months for efficacy and toxicity evaluation. Biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) and toxicities were assessed using the Phoenix definition and the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.5.0, respectively. Factors predictive of bPFS were identified with COX regression analysis.

Results
133 patients (10 low-, 21 favorable intermediate-, 31 unfavorable intermediate-, 45 high-, and 26 very high risk cases on the basis of NCCN risk classification) with a median age of 76 years (range 54–87 years) received SBRT. The median dose was 36.25 Gy (range 34–37.5 Gy) in 5 fractions. Median follow-up time was 57.7 months (3.5–97.2 months). The overall 5-year bPFS rate was 83.6% for all patients. The 5-year bPFS rate of patients with low-, favorable intermediate-, unfavorable intermediate-, high-, and very high risk PCa was 87.5%, 95.2%, 90.5%, 86.3%, and 61.6%, respectively. Urinary symptoms were all alleviated after SBRT. All patients tolerated SBRT with 1 (0.8%) patient reporting grade-3 acute and 1 (0.8%) patient reporting grade-3 late genitourinary (GU) toxicity, respectively. There were no grade 4 toxicities. Gleason score (P < 0.001, HR = 7.483, 95%CI: 2.686–20.846) was the independent predictor of bPFS rate after multivariate analysis.

Conclusion
SBRT is an efficient and safe treatment modality for localized PCa with high 5-year bPFS rates and acceptable toxicities.
Contemporary management of patients with atrial fibrillation in the Netherlands and Belgium: a report from the EORP-AF long-term general registry
Authors: Erküner Ö. , van Eck M. , Xhaet O. , Verheij H. , Neefs J. , Duygun A. , Nijmeijer R. , Saïd S. A. M. , Uiterwaal H. , Hagens V. , Bhagwandien R. , Szili-Torok T. , Bijsterveld N. , Tjeerdsma G. , Vijgen J. , Friart A. , Hoffer E. , Evrard P. , Srynger M. , Meeder J. , de Groot J. R. , van Opstal J. , Gevers R. , Lip G. Y. H. , Boriani G. , Crijns H. J. G. M. , Luermans J. G. L. M. , Mairesse G. H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Contemporary data regarding the characteristics, treatment and outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are needed. We aimed to assess these data and guideline adherence in the EURObservational Research Programme on Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) long-term general registry.

Methods
We analysed 967 patients from the EORP-AF long-term general registry included in the Netherlands and Belgium from 2013 to 2016. Baseline and 1‑year follow-up data were gathered.

Results
At baseline, 887 patients (92%) received anticoagulant treatment. In 88 (10%) of these patients, no indication for chronic anticoagulant treatment was present. A rhythm intervention was performed or planned in 52 of these patients, meaning that the remaining 36 (41%) were anticoagulated without indication. Forty patients were not anticoagulated, even though they had an indication for chronic anticoagulation. Additionally, 63 of the 371 patients (17%) treated with a non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) were incorrectly dosed. In total, 50 patients (5%) were overtreated and 89 patients (9%) were undertreated. However, the occurrence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was still low with 4.2% (37 patients).

Conclusions
Overtreatment and undertreatment with anticoagulants are still observable in 14% of this contemporary, West-European AF population. Still, MACCE occurred in only 4% of the patients after 1 year of follow-up.
Geophysical assessment and hydrocarbon potential of the Cenomanian Bahariya reservoir in the Abu Gharadig Field, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Sarhan Mohammad Abdelfattah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, the sandstones of the Bahariya Formation in the Abu Gharadig Field, which is a promising oil reservoir in the Abu Gharadig Basin, Western Desert, Egypt, were assessed. The wireline logs from three wells (Abu Gharadig-2, Abu Gharadig-6, and Abu Gharadig-15) were studied using seismic and petrophysical analyses. Based on seismic data, the study area contains an ENE–WSW anticlinal structure, which is divided by a set of NW–SE normal faults, reflecting the effect of Late Cretaceous dextral wrench tectonics on the northern Western Desert. The visual analysis of the well logs reveals a potential zone within well Abu Gharadig-2 located between depths of 10,551 and 10,568 ft (zone A). In contrast, potential zones were detected between depths of 11,593–11,623 ft (zone B) and 11,652–11,673 ft (zone C) in well Abu Gharadig-6. In well Abu Gharadig-15, potential zones are located between depths of 11,244–11251ft (zone D) and 11,459–11,467 ft (zone E). The quantitative evaluation shows that the intervals B and C in well AG-6 are the zones with the highest oil-bearing potential in the Abu Gharadig Field in terms of the reservoir quality. They exhibit the lowest shale volume (0.06–0.09), highest effective porosity (0.13), minimum water saturation (0.11–0.16), lowest bulk volume of water (0.01–0.02), high absolute permeability (10.92–13.93 mD), high relative oil permeability (~ 1.0), and low water cut (~ 0). The apex of the mapped fold represents that the topmost Bahariya Formation in the Abu Gharadig Field for which the drilling of additional wells close to well AG-6 is highly recommended.