bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal power flow-path determination for voltage control in electricity distribution using the modified dijkstraâ€™s algorithm
Authors: Ajah Ofem Ofem , Adah Agana Moses , Owai E. Ejogobe 
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the electric power distribution network system of the Port Harcourt Electricity Distribution Company (PHEDC); its shortcomings, costs and voltage loss in distribution with a view to finding optimal solution through determination of optimal power flow path. The Modified Dijsktraâ€™s Algorithm was applied to generate optimal flow path model of the distribution network with seven (7) nodes from Afam Thermal Power Station (source) to the Calabar Distribution Centre (destination) via the interconnected substations. The structural design of the PHEDC distribution network and a review of relevant literatures on shortest path problems were adopted. The modified Dijkstraâ€™s algorithm was simulated using JavaScript and is able to run on any web browser (Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, etc). It was applied to a practical 330kV network using the relevant data obtained from the company and the result shows the negative effect of distance on voltage quality. It was observed that the Modified Dijkstraâ€™s Algorithm is suitable for determining optimal power flow path with up to 98 percent level of accuracy because of its suitability for determining the shortest route in both transportation and power energy distribution as well as its overall performance with minimal memory space and fast response time.Â Â
Renewed talent management: more productive development teams with digitalization supported HR tools
Authors: Vatousios Antonis , Happonen Ari 
Published: October 2021

In most companies and organizations, performance is related to talent management and skills to analyze what and why people are working on. However, many companies do fail to implement a long-term strategy for the performance enhancement activities, considering the talents they have recruited. In this article, we propose a tool for HR work, in context of talent management and how to utilize people skills and productivity analytics to improve team performance and related KPIs. A project data-based case study is illustrated, in which a set of devel-oper and content marketers were analyzed as core team members. In practice, the presented framework makes an important contribution to decision-making activities, where people analytics and proper software tools are used to build new novel knowledge into talent pool of the team. With the framework-based analysis, it is possible to analytically compare team membersâ€™ performance and enhance the teamâ€™s skill and structural development which means that we can employ analytics to find best performers and set their roles for more optimally working teams. Our research supports the concept of using the right framework can make a big positive difference in team analytics.Â Â
Mixer
Authors: Qin An , Xiao Mengbai , Wu Yongwei , Huang Xinjie , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2021

Visual contents, including images and videos, are dominant on the Internet today. The conventional search engine is mainly designed for textual documents, which must be extended to process and manage increasingly high volumes of visual data objects.
In this paper, we present Mixer, an effective system to identify and analyze visual contents and to extract their features for data retrievals, aiming at addressing two critical issues: (1) efficiently and timely understanding visual contents, (2) retrieving them at high precision and recall rates without impairing the performance. In Mixer, the visual objects are categorized into different classes, each of which has representative visual features. Subsystems for model production and model execution are developed. Two retrieval layers are designed and implemented for images and videos, respectively. In this way, we are able to perform aggregation retrievals of the two types in efficient ways. The experiments with Baidu's production workloads and systems show that Mixer halves the model production time and raises the feature production throughput by 9.14x. Mixer also achieves the precision and recall of video retrievals at 95% and 97%, respectively. Mixer has been in its daily operations, which makes the search engine highly scalable for visual contents at a low cost. Having observed productivity improvement of upper-level applications in the search engine, we believe our system framework would generally benefit other data processing applications.
Impact of fear in a prey-predator system with herd behaviour
Authors: Saha Sangeeta , Samanta Guruprasad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFear of predation plays an important role in the growth of a prey species in a prey-predator system. In this work, a two-species model is formulated where the prey species move in a herd to protect themselves and so it acts as a defense strategy. The birth rate of the prey here is affected due to fear of being attacked by predators and so, is considered as a decreasing function. Moreover, there is another fear term in the death rate of the prey population to emphasize the fact that the prey may die out of fear of predator too. But, in this model, the function characterizing the fear effect in the death of prey is assumed in such a way that it is increased only up to a certain level. The results show that the system performs oscillating behavior when the fear coefficient implemented in the birth of prey is considered in a small amount but it changes its dynamics through Hopf bifurcation and becomes stable for a higher value of the coefficient. Regulating the fear terms ultimately makes an impact on the growth of the predator population as the predator is taken as a specialist predator here. The increasing value of the fear terms (either implemented in birth or death of prey) decrease the count of the predator population with time. Also, the fear implemented in the birth rate of prey makes a higher impact on the growth of the predator population than in the case of the fear-induced death rate.
Processing into Dominance: Nero, the Crowning of Tiridates I, and a New Narrative of Rome’s Supremacy in the East
Authors: Clark Timothy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn 66 CE, the emperor Nero crowned the Parthian prince Tiridates I king of Armenia before the Roman people in the Forum Romanum. Much scholarship on Roman interactions with Parthia or Armenia focuses on histories of military conflict or diplomatic negotiation. Ritual and ceremonial evidence, however, is often taken for granted. This article uses the coronation to highlight a different way in which Rome articulated its relations with Parthia and Armenia to domestic and foreign audiences. It will show how Nero and his regime used the art of public spectacle to project an image of Roman superiority over Parthia and Armenia in spite of Roman military losses in the recent Armenian war. Tiridates, a Parthian prince and a brother of the Parthian king of kings, traveled to Rome to be crowned the first king of Armenia from the Parthian royal family. To receive this title, Tiridates passed by several monuments to Augustan triumphs over Parthia and Armenia in the Forum. He was also surrounded by a group of Roman citizens, who watched him as they would have watched a defeated foreign leader in a triumph. At the culmination of the ceremony, Tiridates performedproskynesisbefore Nero at therostra Augustiand was granted his crown. Through Augustus’ monuments, the collective viewing of Tiridates, and his acts of public submission and deference to Nero, the crowning intimated a new narrative about the state of Roman-Parthian/Armenian relations. While Augustus had represented Parthian and Armenian defeat in art, Nero had compelled a representative of both Parthia and Armenia to come to Rome and kneel before the emperor. Both states were now subservient to Rome, which remained the dominant power in the East.
Immediate effect of a meditation technique on blood glucose, state anxiety and relaxation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot randomized crossover study
Authors: Wen Xu , Saoji Apar Avinash , Metri Kashinath , Mohanty Sriloy , Vijayakumar Venugopal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major burden on global health and economy. Various Yogic techniques are found to be beneficial in the management of T2DM. Mind Sound Resonance Technique (MSRT) is one of the yoga-based meditation techniques observed to be effective in clinical settings.

Methods
Thirty-two patients with T2DM were randomized to either MSRT or supine rest (SR) sessions on two separate days separated by a washout period of one day. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured before and immediately after the sessions. State anxiety and subjective feeling of relaxation were assessed using Spielberg’s state anxiety inventory (STAI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) respectively.

Results
There were significant differences between MSRT and SR groups in fasting blood glucose (p=0.019), STAI scores (p<0.001) and subjective relaxation (p<0.001). Within group analyses revealed significant reductions (p<0.001) in fasting blood glucose and STAI scores, along with an increase in subjective relaxation following the practice of MSRT, whereas, non-significant changes were found following the SR session.

Conclusions
A single session of MSRT was found to reduce blood glucose levels and state anxiety along with enhanced relaxation when compared to SR.
On the realization of the Gelfand character of a finite group as a twisted trace
Authors: Soto-Andrade Jorge , Yáñez-Valdés Maria-Francisca 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We show that the Gelfand character

χ
G

\chi_{G}

of a finite group 𝐺 (i.e. the sum of all irreducible complex characters of 𝐺) may be realized as a “twisted trace”

g
↦

Tr
⁡

(

ρ
g

∘
T

)

g\mapsto\operatorname{Tr}(\rho_{g}\circ T)

for a suitable involutive linear automorphism 𝑇 of

L
2

⁢

(
G
)

L^{2}(G)

, where

(

L
2

⁢

(
G
)

,
ρ
)

(L^{2}(G),\rho)

is the right regular representation of 𝐺.
Moreover, we prove that, under certain hypotheses, we have

T
⁢

(
f
)

=

f
∘
L

T(f)=f\circ L

(

f
∈

L
2

⁢

(
G
)

f\in L^{2}(G)

), where 𝐿 is an involutive anti-automorphism of 𝐺.
The natural representation 𝜏 of 𝐺 associated to the natural 𝐿-conjugacy action of 𝐺 in the fixed point set

Fix
G

⁡

(
L
)

\operatorname{Fix}_{G}(L)

of 𝐿 turns out to be a Gelfand model for 𝐺 in some cases.
We show that

(

L
2

⁢

(

Fix
G

⁡

(
L
)

)

,
τ
)

(L^{2}(\operatorname{Fix}_{G}(L)),\tau)

fails to be a Gelfand model if 𝐺 admits non-trivial central involutions.
Sleep disorder and behavior problems in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ilter Bahadur Evin , Özalkak Şervan , Özdemir Asena Ayça , Çetinkaya Semra , Özmert Elif Nursel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To examine sleep and behavior problems in children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) compared to nondiabetic controls in a bridging country between east and west and to evaluate the interaction of sleep on behavior problems, maternal sleep, and maternal depressive symptoms.

Methods
The study included children with T1DM (4–12 years old) and age/sex-matched healthy controls. Parents completed the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Children Behavior Checklist/4–18 (CBCL/4–18), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and a study-specific sociodemographic questionnaire. Clinical parameters regarding T1DM were collated from medical records.

Results
Participants included 75 children with T1DM and 49 controls. Based on CSHQ results 65.3% of all participants in both groups had sleep problems. Children with T1DM slept less and had higher daytime sleepiness problems than controls (p=0.024, p=0.008, respectively). No association was found between CSHQ or sleep duration and mode of diabetes treatment (pump, multiple daily injections) or glycemic control. CSHQ correlated with maternal PSQI (r=0.336 p=0.004) and BDI (r=0.341 p=0.004) in children with T1DM, but there was no association amongst controls. Children with T1DM had higher internalizing problems compared to controls. CSHQ and BDI correlated with internalizing, externalizing, and the total scores of the CBCL/4–18 in children with T1DM (R2=0.260 p<0.001; R2=0.207 p<0.001, R2=0.381 p<0.001 respectively). In controls, only BDI was associated with internalizing, externalizing, and the total scores of the CBCL/4–18.

Conclusions
Children with T1DM should be evaluated for sleep pattern and quality at follow-up, to identify those at risk for behavior problems and improve maternal life quality. Large longitudinal studies are necessary to assess the effect of new diabetes treatment modalities on sleep.
Second trimester fetal thymus size in association to preterm birth
Authors: Porschen Christian , Schmitz Ralf , Schmidt Rene , Oelmeier Kathrin , Hammer Kerstin , Falkenberg Maria , Braun Janina , Köster Helen Ann , Steinhard Johannes , Möllers Mareike 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the second trimester thymus-thorax-ratio (TTR) between fetuses born preterm (study group) and those born after 37 weeks of gestation were completed (control group).

Methods
This study was conducted as a retrospective evaluation of the ultrasound images of 492 fetuses in the three vessel view. The TTR was defined as the quotient of a.p. thymus diameter and a.p. thoracic diameter.

Results
Fetuses that were preterm showed larger TTR (p<0.001) the second trimester than those born after 37 weeks of gestation were completed. The sensitivity of a binary classifier based on TTR for predicting preterm birth (PTB) was 0.792 and the specificity 0.552.

Conclusions
In our study, fetuses affected by PTB showed enlarged thymus size. These findings led us to hypothesize, that inflammation and immunomodulatory processes are altered early in pregnancies affected by PTB. However, TTR alone is not able to predict PTB.
Pump-controlled RGB single-mode polymer lasers based on a hybrid 2D–3D μ-cavity for temperature sensing
Authors: Ge Kun , Guo Dan , Niu Ben , Xu Zhiyang , Ruan Jun , Zhai Tianrui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Single mode lasers, particularly red-green-blue (RGB) colors, have attracted wide attention due to their potential applications in the photonic field. Here, we realize the RGB single mode lasing in a hybrid two-dimension and three-dimension (2D–3D) hybrid microcavity (μ-cavity) with a low threshold. The hybrid 2D–3D μ-cavity consists of a polymer fiber and a microsphere. Typical RGB polymer film consisting gain materials are cladded on a fiber. To achieve single mode lasing, the polymer fiber therein serves as an excellent gain cavity to provide multiple lasing modes while the microsphere acts as a loss channel to suppress most of the lasing modes. Mode switching can be realized by adjusting the pump position. It can be attributed to the change of coupled efficiency between gain μ-cavity and loss μ-cavity. Our work will provide a platform for the rational design of nanophotonic devices and on-chip communication.
S-GRAS score for prognostic classification of adrenocortical carcinoma: an international, multicenter ENSAT study
Authors: Elhassan Y S , Altieri B , Berhane S , Cosentini D , Calabrese A , Haissaguerre M , Kastelan D , Fragoso M C B V , Bertherat J , Al Ghuzlan A , Haak H , Boudina M , Canu L , Loli P , Sherlock M , Kimpel O , Laganà M , Sitch A J , Kroiss M , Arlt W , Terzolo M , Berruti A , Deeks J J , Libé R , Fassnacht M , Ronchi C L , _ _ 
Published: October 2021

Objective
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has an aggressive but variable clinical course. Prognostic stratification based on the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours stage and Ki67 index is limited. We aimed to demonstrate the prognostic role of a points-based score (S-GRAS) in a large cohort of patients with ACC.

Design
This is a multicentre, retrospective study on ACC patients who underwent adrenalectomy.

Methods
The S-GRAS score was calculated as a sum of the following points: tumour stage (1–2 = 0; 3 = 1; 4 = 2), grade (Ki67 index 0–9% = 0; 10–19% = 1; ≥20% = 2 points), resection status (R0 = 0; RX = 1; R1 = 2; R2 = 3), age (<50 years = 0; ≥50 years = 1), symptoms (no = 0; yes = 1), and categorised, generating four groups (0–1, 2–3, 4–5, and 6–9). Endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The discriminative performance of S-GRAS and its components was tested by Harrell’s Concordance index (C-index) and Royston–Sauerbrei’s R2D statistic.

Results
We included 942 ACC patients. The S-GRAS score showed superior prognostic performance for both PFS and DSS, with best discrimination obtained using the individual scores (0–9) (C-index = 0.73, R2D = 0.30, and C-index = 0.79, R2D = 0.45, respectively, all P < 0.01vs each component). The superiority of S-GRAS score remained when comparing patients treated or not with adjuvant mitotane (n = 481 vs 314). In particular, the risk of recurrence was significantly reduced as a result of adjuvant mitotane only in patients with S-GRAS 4–5.

Conclusion
The prognostic performance of S-GRAS is superior to tumour stage and Ki67 in operated ACC patients, independently from adjuvant mitotane. S-GRAS score provides a new important guide for personalised management of ACC (i.e. radiological surveillance and adjuvant treatment).
Surfactant Nebulization to Prevent Intubation in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gaertner Vincent D. , Thomann Janine , Bassler Dirk , Rüegger Christoph M. 
Published: October 2021

CONTEXT
Surfactant nebulization (SN) may offer a safe alternative for surfactant administration in respiratory distress syndrome of preterm infants.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of SN for the prevention of early intubation.

DATA SOURCES
Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov, published abstracts, and references of relevant articles were searched through March 23, 2021.

STUDY SELECTION
Randomized clinical trials of preterm infants &lt;37 weeks’ gestation comparing SN with noninvasive respiratory support or intratracheal surfactant application.

DATA EXTRACTION
Two reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias from included studies separately and blinded. Data were pooled by using a fixed-effects model. Subgroups (gestational age, type of nebulizer, surfactant type, and dosage) were evaluated. Primary outcome was intubation rate at 72 hours after birth.

RESULTS
Nine studies recruiting 1095 infants met inclusion criteria. SN compared with standard care significantly reduced intubation rate at 72 hours after birth (226 of 565 infants [40.0%] vs 231 of 434 infants [53.2%]; risk ratio [RR]: 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63–0.84; number needed to treat: 8; 95% CI: 5–14]). Prespecified subgroup analysis identified important heterogeneity: SN was most effective in infants ≥28 weeks' gestation (RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.60–0.82), with a pneumatically driven nebulizer (RR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.40–0.68) and in infants receiving ≥200 mg/kg and animal-derived surfactant (RR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52–0.75). No differences in neonatal morbidities or mortality were identified.

LIMITATIONS
Quality of evidence was low owing to risk of bias and imprecision.

CONCLUSIONS
SN reduced the intubation rate in preterm infants with a higher efficacy for specific subgroups. There was no difference in relevant neonatal morbidities or mortality.
Deformation and fracture characteristics of zirconium plate produced via ultrasonic additive manufacturing
Authors: Massey Caleb P. , Bibhanshu Nitish , Gussev Maxim N. , Havrilak Cody J. , Nelson Andrew T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe microstructural evolution, deformation modes, and fracture mechanisms of zirconium plate produced using ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) are presented. In addition to conventional tensile testing techniques, digital image correlation captured highly variable strain accumulation in specimens loaded perpendicular or parallel to the build height (Z). When tested in parallel to Z, delamination at prior foil/foil interfaces creates strain localization noticeable in strain rate maps, whereas specimens loaded perpendicular to Z illustrate conventional strain hardening until necking accelerates delamination. Although bond strengths are statistically and spatially variable, in situ electron backscattering diffraction tests illustrate the ability for grains near interfaces to accommodate strain with twinning and slip modes consistent with conventionally produced zirconium alloys. Finally, mixtures of ductile and delamination-induced fracture highlight the interface-driven failure modes of UAM zirconium plate in the as-built condition.
Graphic abstract
Lessons learned from operating a pre-commercialisation field-testing platform for innovative non-sewered sanitation in Durban, South Africa
Authors: RC Sindall  , R Cottingham  , P Arumugam  , SJ Mercer  , C Sutherland  , N Alcock  , CA Buckley  , G Gounden  
Published: October 2021

The Engineering Field Testing Platform (EFTP) was designed to provide an opportunity for technology developers (TDs) to test non-sewered sanitation prototypes in the eThekwini Municipal Area (Durban), South Africa. Between 2017 and 2020, 15 sanitation systems were tested in informal settlements, peri-urban households, and other ‘real world’ settings. This paper illustrates the lessons learned from establishing and managing this testing platform. Costs and timelines for testing are dependent on several factors, including the aims of testing, the development stage of the prototype, whether testing takes place in a community or household setting and if a testing site is shared between prototypes. Timelines were routinely underestimated, particularly for community engagement and commissioning of prototypes to reach steady-state operation. Personnel accounted for more than half of the EFTP’s costs. The presence of the municipality as a platform partner was vital to the success of testing, both for gaining political support and for enabling access to testing sites. It is noted that working in communities, with test sites in public spaces, requires technical and social sensitivity to context. It was important to ensure testing supported future municipal decision-making on service provision, as well as longer-term development within communities. The high number of stakeholders, locally and internationally, raised management challenges common to any large project. However, the EFTP added value to TDs, the eThekwini Municipality, and communities requiring improved sanitation services; this was amplified through the platform approach.
Role of miR-6814-5p for the formation of T5, a heparanase variant, in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: ÖZZENGİN Berfin , ERGÜN Sercan 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate whether the overexpression of human heparanase protein (HPSE) alternative variant protein called T5 is caused by increased expression of miR-6814-5p in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases. In addition, the possible correlation between the clinical parameters of RCC cases and the expression levels of T5 and miR-6814-5p was evaluated.
Materials and Methods: T5 and miR-6814-5p expression analysis was performed on ready-to-use RCC cDNA panel by qPCR method. This panel included 48 cDNA samples obtained from tumor tissues of 10 stage-1, 5 stage-2, 13 stage-3 and 11 stage-4 RCC patients and normal kidney tissues from 9 healthy individuals.
Results: There was no significant correlation between TNM stages, Fuhrman nuclear grade and histological type and miR-6814-5p and T5 expressions. The expression level of miR-6814-5p in RCC tumor tissues was about 8-fold higher and the T5 expression level about 5-fold higher than healthy controls. MiR-6814-5p and T5 expression changes were statistically significantly correlated with neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio of RCC cases.
Conclusion: MiR-6814-5p may play a role in the formation mechanism of T5 in RCC.