bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfect metamaterial absorber improved laser-driven flyer
Authors: Ji Xiangbo , Qin Wenzhi , Wu Xuannan , Wang Yao , Gao Fuhua , Wang Liang , Hou Yidong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Laser driven flyer (LDF) can drive small particles to ultrahigh speed (several km/s) by feeding pulse laser light, and exhibits giant application prospect in both of the civilian and military regions, such as the ignition of missile and spacecraft and dynamic high-pressure loading. In this work, we demonstrate a high-performance LDF by using the perfect metamaterial absorber (PMA) to improve the energy utilization efficiency of light. The designed Ag nanopillar array in anodic aluminum oxide templates (APA-AAO) were skillfully fabricated in-situ on the flyer layer surface, which can greatly reduce the reflectivity from 93% of the pure Al foil flyers to about 5% of the APA-AAO enhanced flyers. Our systematically transient analysis reveals that this ultralow reflectivity, together with the well-formed metal structure on Al foil, greatly improve both of the electron temperature and sustaining time of plasma formed in the ablating layer, and further enhances the acceleration process at both of the initial detonation wave generation stage (0–10 ns) and the following thermal expansion stage (10–200 ns). The final speed of the flyer generated in the PMA-enhanced LDF approach to 1730 m/s, which is about 1.4 times larger than that (1250 m/s) of the pure Al foil flyers. The transient electron temperature, transient flyer shadowgraph, plasma sustaining time, velocity, and accelerated velocity have been investigated systematically in this work. This PMA enhanced LDF provides an effective method for obtaining high-speed microparticles, and opens up a new perspective and guidance for designing high-performance LDF.
Immunostimulatory photochemotherapeutic nanocapsule for enhanced colon cancer treatment
Authors: Liu Jie , Movahedi Fatemeh , Sun Bing , Sun Luyao , Zhang Bing , Wang Jingjing , Li Li , Xu Zhi Ping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Immunotherapy has made great progress in recent years while most cancer patients cannot benefit from it. Photochemotherapy combination strategy holds great promise for developing novel immunotherapy for the patients bearing immunosuppressive tumors such as colon cancer. In this research, a novel core/shell-structured polydopamine (PDA)-based nanoplatform is constructed to load two Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved cytotoxic drugs, i.e. immunostimulatory doxorubicin (Dox) and immunomodulatory curcumin (Cur) to achieve immunostimulatory photochemotherapy of primary colon tumors upon 808 nm near infrared (NIR) irradiation (1 W/cm2 for 5 min) and subsequent prevention of rechallenged distant colon tumors. The experimental data have shown that PDA-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) synergized two therapeutic drugs in inducing colon cancer cell death and very efficiently inhibited the primary tumor growth (by ∼92%) at very low doses of therapeutics (0.25, 5, and 30 mg/kg of Dox, Cur, and PDA, respectively). More significantly, the combined photochemotherapy promoted strong adaptive antitumor immune responses and successfully prevented tumorigenesis in the setting of tumor rechallenge model. Our research has thus demonstrated the promising efficacy of this photochemotherapeutic nanoformulation for colon cancer treatment and provided a way to improve immunostimulatory effects of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
Innovative fouling-resistant materials for industrial heat exchangers: a review
Authors: Françolle de Almeida Caroline , Saget Manon , Delaplace Guillaume , Jimenez Maude , Fierro Vanessa , Celzard Alain 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fouling of heat exchangers (HEs) has become a major concern across the industrial sector. Fouling is an omnipresent phenomenon but is particularly prevalent in the dairy, oil, and energy industries. Reduced energy performance that results from fouling represents significant operating loss in terms of both maintenance and impact on product quality and safety. In most industries, cleaning or replacing HEs are currently the only viable solutions for controlling fouling. This review examines the latest advances in the development of innovative materials and coatings for HEs that could mitigate the need for costly and frequent cleaning and potentially extend their operational life. To better understand the correlation between surface properties and fouling occurrence, we begin by providing an overview of the main mechanisms underlying fouling. We then present selected key strategies, which can differ considerably, for developing antifouling surfaces and conclude by discussing the current trends in the search for ideal materials for a range of applications. In our presentation of all these aspects, emphasis is given wherever possible to the potential transfer of these innovative surfaces from the laboratory to the three industries most concerned by HE fouling problems: food, petrochemicals, and energy production.
Untersuchung des Übergangs von elektrischen Kontaktöffnungsentladungen zur Flammfront eines H2-Luft-Gemisches
Authors: Uber Carsten , Franke Steffen , Hilbert Michael , Uhrlandt Dirk , Lienesch Frank 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Elektrische Kontaktöffnungsentladungen sind eine potenzielle Zündquelle für brennbare Gasgemische. Betriebsmittel, in denen gegebenenfalls Kontaktentladungen auftreten, können mit einem sogenannten Funkenprüfgerät der internationalen Norm IEC 60079-11 (6te Ed.) geprüft werden. Nachteile dieser Methode sind die schlechte Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse und die Verwendung von toxischem Cadmium.
Für die Entwicklung einer Alternative wurden bisher die elektrischen Entladungen charakterisiert. Der Übergang von der Entladung zur Zündung wurde dabei noch nicht ausreichend untersucht. In diesem Artikel werden die ersten Ansätze zur Abschätzung des Temperaturfeldes mit Schlieren- und örtlich aufgelösten spektroskopischen Untersuchungen dargestellt.
Violating “laws of the state” and “laws of the organization”
Authors: Kühl Stefan 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Verhältnis der Erwartungsbildung in Staaten durch positives Recht und der Ausbildung von Erwartungen in Organisationen durch Formalisierung ist bisher theoretisch unzureichend beleuchtet worden. Aus einer systemtheoretischen Perspektive werden in diesem Artikel die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede dieser „Rechtsbildung“ auf der Ebene des Staates und der Organisation näher untersucht. Anschließend an die Diskussion über die Frage der Verantwortung für Gesetzesverstöße aus Organisationen heraus, werden die unterschiedlichen Adressierungsversuche soziologisch eingeordnet. Dabei wird gerade im Gegensatz zur in der Literatur dominanten Annahme über Regeltreue in Organisationen argumentiert, dass es aufgrund der Verrechtlichung der modernen Gesellschaft nicht möglich ist, eine klare Trennung zwischen Verstößen gegen positivierte staatliche Gesetze und formalisierte organisationale Regeln vorzunehmen.
Exploring Older Adults' Experiences of a Home-Based, Technology-Driven Balance Training Exercise Program Designed to Reduce Fall Risk: A Qualitative Research Study Within a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ambrens Meghan , Stanners Melinda , Valenzuela Trinidad , Razee Husna , Chow Jessica , van Schooten Kimberley S. , Close Jaqueline C. T. , Clemson Lindy , Zijlstra G. A. Rixt , Lord Stephen R. , Tiedemann Anne , Alley Stephanie J. , Vandelanotte Corneel , Delbaere Kim 
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose:
With an aging population, falls have become an increasing public health concern. While face-to-face exercise programs have demonstrated efficacy in reducing falls, their effectiveness is hampered by low participation and adherence. Digital technologies are a novel and potentially effective method for delivering tailored fall prevention exercise programs to older adults. In addition, they may increase the reach, uptake, and sustainability of fall prevention programs. Therefore, understanding older adults' experiences of using technology-driven methods is essential. This study explored the user experience of StandingTall, a home-based fall prevention program delivered through a tablet computer.

Methods:
Fifty participants were recruited using purposive sampling, from a larger randomized controlled trial. Participants were selected to ensure maximum variability with respect to age, gender, experience with technology, and adherence to the program. Participants undertook a one-on-one structured interview. We followed an iterative approach to develop themes.

Results and Discussion:
Eight themes were identified. These fall under 2 categories: user experience and program design. Participants found StandingTall enjoyable, and while its flexible delivery facilitated exercise, some participants found the technology challenging. Some participants expressed frustration with technological literacy, but most demonstrated an ability to overcome these challenges, and learn a new skill. Older adults who engaged in a technology-driven fall prevention program found it enjoyable, with the flexibility provided by the online delivery central to this experience. While the overall experience was positive, participants expressed mixed feelings about key design features. The embedded behavior change strategies were not considered motivating by most participants. Furthermore, some older adults associated the illustrated characters with gender-based stereotypes and negative views of aging, which can impact on motivation and preventive behavior.

Conclusion:
This study found digital technologies are an effective and enjoyable method for delivering a fall prevention program. This study highlights that older adults are interested in learning how to engage successfully with novel technologies.
Effects of Exercise Structure and Modality on Physiological and Perceptual Responses to Exercise
Authors: Bogdanis Gregory C. , Mallios Vasiliki J. , Katsikas Christos , Fouseki Theodora , Holman Iain , Smith Caitlin , Astorino Todd A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bogdanis, GC, Mallios, VJ, Katsikas, C, Fouseki, T, Holman, I, Smith, C, and Astorino, TA. Effects of exercise structure and modality on physiological and perceptual responses to exercise. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2427–2432, 2021—This study examined the effect of exercise mode and intensity on physiological and perceptual responses to exercise. Twelve active adults (6 men and 6 women, age = 21.7 ± 1.6 years) initially performed incremental testing on the treadmill (TM) and cycle ergometer (CE) to assess maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max) and ventilatory threshold (VT). During the next 4 visits in a randomized order, subjects performed 20 minutes of moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) at an intensity 20% below VT on the TM (TMMICE) and cycle ergometer (CEMICE) as well as time-matched high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE; 10 1-minute bouts at workload equal to 20% above VT followed by 1-minute active recovery) on both modes (TMHIIE and CEHIIE). During exercise, gas exchange data, blood lactate concentration, and perceptual responses (rating of perceived exertion, affective valence, and enjoyment) were assessed. Heart rate (p < 0.001) and V̇o
2 (p < 0.001) were higher in response to TMHIIE vs. CEHIIE as well as TMMICE vs. CEMICE. Blood lactate concentration was higher (p = 0.003) in response to CEHIIE vs. TMHIIE. The rating of perceived exertion was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in TMMICE compared with CEMICE which showed the most positive affective valence (p = 0.009). Enjoyment was similar across all bouts (p = 0.11). Treadmill-based HIIE leads to higher heart rate and V̇o
2 vs. CEHIIE, although there was no difference in affective valence or enjoyment. Practitioners aiming to optimize the cardiorespiratory response to moderate or interval exercise in their clientele should recommend TM running rather than cycling.
Development of a Laboratory Rotary Compactor and a Miniature Cone for the Quality Control of Backfills
Authors: Lai Jiunnren , Lai Ming-Hong , Yu Chih-Peng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Proctor test has been performed in conjunction with the field sand cone test for the quality control of earthworks for decades. However, the way that compaction energy is applied in a Proctor test (drop weight) is different from most of the field compactors (rotary/vibratory). The compaction characteristics, such as maximum dry density and optimum moisture content (OMC), are very likely to vary with compaction methods. Furthermore, performing a sand cone test is time consuming and can only obtain the physical properties (such as density and water content) rather than the engineering properties (such as bearing capacity or strength) of backfills. The objective of this study is to bridge the gap between the difference in laboratory and field compaction and to develop a quick and economic method for the quality control of backfills. To achieve this goal, a rotary compactor and a miniature dynamic cone penetrometer were developed. Samples of a silty clay were compacted using the rotary compactor at various moisture contents. In addition to the dry density, the California bearing ratio (CBR), stress wave velocity, as well as penetration resistance of the miniature cone of these samples were measured. It was found that the OMCs obtained from rotary compaction are higher than values obtained from Proctor compaction. Linear relationships between the CBR and stress wave velocities with dynamic cone penetration resistance were also found.
Implicit Visuomotor Adaptation Remains Limited after Several Days of Training
Authors: Wilterson Sarah A. , Taylor Jordan A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLearning in sensorimotor adaptation tasks has been viewed as an implicit learning phenomenon. The implicit process affords recalibration of existing motor skills so that the system can adjust to changes in the body or environment without relearning from scratch. However, recent findings suggest that the implicit process is heavily constrained, calling into question its utility in motor learning and the theoretical framework of sensorimotor adaptation paradigms. These inferences have been based mainly on results from single bouts of training, where explicit compensation strategies, such as explicitly re-aiming the intended movement direction, contribute a significant proportion of adaptive learning. It is possible, however, that the implicit process supersedes explicit compensation strategies over repeated practice sessions. We tested this by dissociating the contributions of explicit re-aiming strategies and the implicit process in human participants over five consecutive days of training. Despite a substantially longer duration of training, the implicit process still plateaued at a value far short of complete learning and, as has been observed in previous studies, was inappropriate for a mirror-reversal task. Notably, we find significant between subject differences that call into question traditional interpretation of these group-level results.
Política evaluativa docente y procesos de subjetivación neoliberal en el profesorado chileno
Authors: Mateluna Estay Hernán 
Published: July 2021

En un contexto en Chile de demandas sociales contra las lógicas del neoliberalismo, esta investigación, que es parte de un estudio más amplio, utiliza un enfoque Foucaultiano para analizar la política evaluativa oficial a la docencia como tecnología neoliberal vigente que estaría produciendo transformaciones en la subjetividad y en las prácticas del profesorado. Es un estudio cualitativo que utiliza la entrevista semiestructurada en profundidad como técnica de análisis. Mediante la realización de 22 entrevistas a profesores de escuelas financiadas con fondos públicos, se identifican procesos de adhesión a la política evaluativa por la seducción a los incentivos económicos que esta propone y por la posibilidad de validar su práctica docente a partir de las categorizaciones que emplean estas evaluaciones.
Quality of Care in US NICUs by Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Edwards Erika M. , Greenberg Lucy T. , Profit Jochen , Draper David , Helkey Daniel , Horbar Jeffrey D. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND
Summary measures are used to quantify a hospital’s quality of care by combining multiple metrics into a single score. We used Baby-MONITOR, a summary quality measure for NICUs, to evaluate quality by race and ethnicity across and within NICUs in the United States.

METHODS
Vermont Oxford Network members contributed data from 2015 to 2019 on infants from 25 to 29 weeks’ gestation or of 401 to 1500 g birth weight who were inborn or transferred to the reporting hospital within 28 days of birth. Nine Baby-MONITOR measures were individually risk adjusted, standardized, equally weighted, and averaged to derive scores for African American, Hispanic, Asian American, and American Indian infants, compared with white infants.

RESULTS
This prospective cohort included 169 400 infants at 737 hospitals. Across NICUs, Hispanic and Asian American infants had higher Baby-MONITOR summary scores, compared with those of white infants. African American and American Indian infants scored lower on process measures, and all 4 minority groups scored higher on outcome measures. Within NICUs, the mean summary scores for African American, Hispanic, and Asian American NICU subsets were higher, compared with those of white infants in the same NICU. American Indian summary NICU scores were not different, on average.

CONCLUSIONS
With Baby-MONITOR, we identified differences in NICU quality by race and ethnicity. However, the summary score masked within-measure quality gaps that raise unanswered questions about the relationships between race and ethnicity and processes and outcomes of care.
Andrological and cytogenetic investigations of an infertile Przewalski’s stallion
Authors: Kútvölgyi Gabriella , Brabender Kristin , Andersson Magnus , Javkhlan Ariuntungalag , Nagy Szabolcs , Páble Tamás , Egerszegi István , Hidas András , Soós István , Kovács András 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe case of an 8-year-old, sexually active but infertile Przewalski’s stallion (Equus ferus przewalskii) was studied. Besides the infertility, the stallion also showed permanent problems with its body condition, being obviously weaker than all the other group members. The horse was kept in a separate place for two years with 12 mares in its harem group (six mares had foals earlier); however, none of the mares covered got pregnant. Andrological and cytogenetic investigations revealed underdeveloped testes, arrested spermatogenesis, azoospermia, and XY/XXY/X0 mosaicism. We classify the case as a mosaic Klinefelter syndrome, the first reported case in Przewalski’s horse.
Cooligomers from morpholine-2,5-dione and para-dioxanone and catalyst complex SnOct2/2-hydroxyethyl sulfide
Authors: Liang Xiao , Behl Marc , Luetzow Karola , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Complexes from catalysts and initiator can be used to insert a specific number of additional chemical functional groups in (co)polymers prepared by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones. We report on the synthesis of cooligomers from sec-butyl-morpholine-2,5-dione (SBMD) and para-dioxanone (PDX) by ROP with varied feed ratios in the bulk using the catalyst complex SnOct2/2-hydroxyethyl sulfide. Mn of the cooligomers (determined by GPC) decreased with decreasing SBMD feed ratio from 4200 ± 420 to 800 ± 80 g mol−1. When the feed ratio was reduced from 80 to 50 mol% the molar ratio of SBMD of the cooligomers (determined by 1H-NMR) remained nearly unchanged between 81 and 86 mol% and was attributed to a higher reactivity of SBMD. This assumption was confirmed by fractionation of GPC, in which an increase of SBMD with increasing molecular weight was observed. The catalyst/initiator system provides a high potential to create orthogonal building blocks by cleavage of the sulfide bond.

Graphic abstract
Parte de la obra de pintura mural de Luis Alberto Acuña
Authors: Carrizosa Posada Diego 
Published: July 2021

El proyecto de investigación “Parte de la obra de pintura mural de Luis Alberto Acuña” creado por el profesor Diego Carrizosa Posada, indaga mediante el análisis iconográfico la manera en que Luis Alberto Acuña representa plásticamente dentro de su obra mural, temas de utilidad pública, que son el resultado de la influencia recibida del ejercicio pedagógico de la escuela muralista mexicana.
De igual manera el proyecto de investigación busca: Conocer las posturas intelectuales y artísticas de Luis Alberto Acuña, mediante entrevistas a historiadores, críticos de arte y familiares del maestro. Analizar las enseñanzas que recibió Luis Alberto Acuña de la escuela muralista mexicana y la manera en que la estética de su plástica influenció su pensamiento y estilo para la concepción de un arte mural monumental con utilidad pública y con capacidad educativa. Examinar mediante el análisis iconográfico la obra de pintura mural monumental de Luis Alberto Acuña que cumple con los objetivos de utilidad pública y de capacidad educativa, que son reflejo de la influencia recibida de la escuela muralista mexicana.
Para tal efecto son examinados los murales: “Colón descubre el nuevo mundo” (1959), el cual pertenece al Centro Médico Almirante Colón, “Apoteosis de la lengua castellana” (1960) y “El castellano Imperial” (1960), ambos emplazados en la Academia Colombiana de la Lengua e “Historia de la cultura” (1973), obra localizada en la Imprenta Nacional de Colombia.
Este proyecto pertenece al grupo de investigación de la Facultad de Sociedad, Cultura y Creatividad, que se denomina Narrativas, Creación y Estéticas, del cual es responsable el profesor Rodrigo Martínez. Dicho grupo de investigación hace parte de la Escuela de Comunicación, Artes Visuales y Digitales, cuyo director es el profesor Harvey Murcia.
Comparison of traditional knowledge about edible plants among young Southern Tepehuans of Durango, Mexico
Authors: Narváez-Elizondo Raúl Ernesto , González-Elizondo Martha , Castro-Castro Arturo , González-Elizondo M Socorro , Tena-Flores Jorge Alberto , Chairez-Hernández Isaías 
Published: July 2021

Background: Traditional ecological knowledge is an important part of biocultural heritage of societies; it has been reported their disappearance and in some cases this phenomenon has been associated with socioeconomic factors such as formal education.
Questions and/or Hypotheses: How does traditional knowledge about edible plants vary between three groups of young Southern Tepehuans from different educational contexts?
Study site and dates: Southern Durango, Mexico; September 2017 to November 2018.
Methods: Traditional knowledge was compared among young Southern Tepehuan informants from three educational contexts: rural students, urban students and non-students. Each informant answered a questionnaire about 20 selected wild edible plants and wrote a free list of additional species. The results of these instruments allowed to determine a traditional knowledge grade per person. The statistical analyzes performed were ANCOVA and Chi-square tests.
Results: Educational context, as well as age and gender proved to be variables statistically significant, not so the interaction between educational context and gender. Non-students hold the highest knowledge grade, and no significant difference was found in the traditional knowledge among rural and urban students.
Conclusions: As has been documented in studies for other ethnic groups, our results suggest that traditional knowledge tends to disappear among Southern Tepehuans due to changes in lifestyles induced by formal education, such as reduced access to nature, nutritional transition and disuse of indigenous languages. To preserve the biocultural heritage, it is essential to apply novel strategies favoring alternative ways of knowledge transmission.