bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Popular Science Images: Reflections on Visual Practices in Science Communication
Authors: Heekeren Simone 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Images play a considerable role in the communication of scientific knowledge. This article deals with the recontextualization of originally scientific images in multimodal popular science articles. The focus is on the visual editing of these images, and thus on an aspect of visual design in science communication. I present different types of multimodal transcriptive procedures that are related to the recontextualization and readdressing of images in popular science contexts. Since these procedures may be accompanied by a change in the legibility of visualizations, I will conclude by suggesting possible implications for the evidence potential of popular science images.
Association Between Neonates With Laryngomalacia and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Abraham Elizabeth J. , Danis David O’Neil , Levi Jessica R. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Laryngomalacia (LM) is the most common congenital anomaly of the larynx. The cause of LM is still largely unknown, but a neurological mechanism has gained the most acceptance. There have not been any studies examining the prevalence of LM in infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). The aim of our study is to determine if infants with NAS are more likely to be diagnosed with LM. Methods: This study was a population-based inpatient registry analysis. We examined nationwide neonatal discharges in 2016 using the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID). Only patients listed as neonates were included. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes for neonatal withdrawal symptoms from maternal use of drugs of addiction (P96.1) and diagnoses denoting LM were used. To quantify associations between the LM and NAS groups, prevalence rates and odds ratios (ORs) were used. Results: There were 3 970 065 weighted neonatal discharges in the 2016 KID. Among patients included in our dataset, 0.809% (32 128) had NAS and 0.075% (2974) had LM. There was an increased odds ratio for neonates with NAS and LM (OR of 2.85, 95% CI = 2.24-3.63) compared to infants without NAS. Multiple logistic regression accounting for possible confounders produced an adjusted OR of 1.68 (95% CI = 1.29-2.19). Conclusion: Our study found an association between NAS and LM. This suggests that prenatal exposure to opioids or possibly the sequelae of withdrawal symptoms may be risk factors for the development of LM.
Impact of 10-Min Daily Yoga Exercises on Physical and Mental Discomfort of Home-Office Workers During COVID-19
Authors: Garcia Maria-Gabriela , Estrella Melany , Peñafiel Angie , Arauz Paul G. , Martin Bernard J. 
Published: October 2021

Objective Evaluate the effects of 10 min/day of yoga for 1 month on musculoskeletal discomfort and mood disturbance of home-office workers. Background The COVID-19 pandemic forced many people to switch to teleworking. The abrupt change from an office setting to an improvised home-office may negatively affect the musculoskeletal and emotional health of workers. By providing mental and physical exercises, yoga may be effective in reducing adverse effects. Method Fifty-four participants (42 women, 12 men) followed a 1-month yoga program, while 40 participants (26 women, 14 men) continued with their common work routine. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire was used to evaluate severity, interference with work and frequency of pain, and to obtain a total discomfort score for 25 body areas. Mood disturbance was evaluated with the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. Both groups completed both questionnaires, before and after the experimentation period. Results After 1 month, for the yoga group only, significant reductions were observed in the discomfort of eyes, head, neck, upper and lower back, right wrist, and hips/buttocks, as well as reductions in discomfort severity, frequency and interference for the neck, upper and lower back. Total mood disturbance was also significantly reduced for the yoga group only. No favorable changes occurred for the control group. Conclusion The yoga intervention program appears to reduce musculoskeletal discomfort and mood disturbance of home-office workers. Application Sedentary workers may benefit from 10 min/day of yoga during the workday to attenuate potential physical and emotional discomfort during the current pandemic and beyond.
Consistency and Transformation of Filial Responsibility Attitudes in China: Evidence from Panel Study of Family Dynamics of 2004 and 2017
Authors: Wang Yongjie , Wan Guowei , Gu Yao 
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study analyzes the trend of change and influencing factors of filial responsibility attitudes in China. Method: The study uses data of Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) conducted in three Southeast regions in China in the year 2004 and 2017. Results: This study has two major findings. First, there was no significant decline in filial responsibility attitudes over the decade in spite of aging tendency. Both Reciprocal Filial Piety (RFP) and Authoritative Filial Piety (AFP) have not declined, with similar trend to men and women. Second, factors affecting filial responsibility attitudes have changed over the 13 years, with the impact of educational attainment and employment declining, while the effect of marital status increasing. Gender heterogeneity in the process was obvious. Conclusion: This study adds to literature on filial piety in Confucian society and provides empirical evidence on the future of cross-cultural filial responsibility attitudes.
Defensive Medicine Practices: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Ünal Özgün , Akbolat Mahmut 
Published: October 2021

Aim Defensive medicine refers to practices with low marginal benefit to patients that doctors may undertake to protect themselves from legal liability. We aimed to develop a scale to measure the practice of defensive medicine. Method We identified aspects of defensive medicine previously reported in the literature and conducted and analyzed semi-structured interviews with 21 physicians in Sakarya to augment and clarify these aspects between May 15, 2018, and June 15, 2018. Informed by these results, we developed, pilot tested, refined, and fielded a 10-item survey to 1724 doctors in Turkey between April 1, 2019, and July 16, 2019. We examined the psychometric properties of the scale using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Results The 10-item scale provided measures of 2 factors: positive defensive medicine (assurance) and negative defensive medicine (avoidance), with Cronbach’s alpha >0.8 for the scale and both subscales in both the EFA and CFA subsamples and excellent goodness-of-fit measures. Conclusions We developed a highly reliable scale to measure positive and negative defensive medicine practice that may be suitable for future research on physician decision making.
Increase of Human Milk Fat Inducing Nutritional Ketosis in Exclusively Breastfed Infant, Brought About by Treating the Mother With Ketogenic Dietary Therapy
Authors: Tan-Smith Charlene , Little Helen , Fabe Jennifer , Dickson Cameron , Shillito Paul 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Medicalized Ketogenic Therapy is commonly used to treat refractory epilepsy. Patients have varying degrees of seizure or symptom relief, responding at individual levels of ketone production. Typically, initiating the therapy necessitates the discontinuation of breastfeeding. Our case study mother was keen to continue breastfeeding if possible. We were able to achieve this by placing the healthy mother on a ketogenic diet and altering the composition of the mother’s own milk. Main Lactation Issue: Pediatric Medicalized Ketogenic Therapy is delivered through a ketogenic diet consisting of up to 90% fat, measuring of ingredients to 0.1 g matching a food prescription of fat, protein, and carbohydrate. We placed the mother on a less stringent ketogenic diet achieving 61% fat and measured both infant and mother’s blood sugar levels and ketones. The hypothesis was that changes would occur in the mother’s own milk fat content, and/or ketones would be passed directly to the infant. If therapeutic levels of ketones were reached in the infant and a reduction in seizures observed, breastfeeding could continue. Management Overview: Over 3 months we achieved a calorific increase of the mother’s mature milk by an additional 134%. The infant was successfully put into nutritional ketosis and visible seizures eliminated. Conclusion: Medicalized Ketogenic Therapy can be safely used to treat seizures of breastfeeding infants diagnosed with epilepsy, through management of the mother on a ketogenic diet. Significantly increasing the mature mothers own milk fat component could have implications for other areas, including faltering growth.
Criticism in the Parkinson’s Caregiving Relationship: A Key Target for Intervention
Authors: Interian Alejandro , Mann Sarah L. , Mavandadi Shahrzad , St Hill Lauren M. , Kashan Rachel , Rodriguez Kailyn M. , Dobkin Roseanne D. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Caregiver distress is prevalent in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and predictive of negative health outcomes for both people with PD and caregivers. To identify future intervention targets, it is important to better elucidate the specific processes, such as criticism, that perpetuate burden. Objective: Evaluate the frequency and impact of criticism and reactivity to criticism in PD caregiving dyads. Methods: Eighty-three people with PD and their caregivers independently completed measures of criticism and physical and emotional health. Results: Criticism in the caregiving relationship was reported by 71.1% (n = 59) of people with PD and 80.7% (n = 67) of caregivers. Both perceived criticism and emotional reactivity to criticism were significant predictors of caregiver distress, adjusting for PD motor and non-motor symptom severity. In contrast, criticism was not related to PD depression. Conclusion: Criticism in the PD caregiving relationship is a clear target for psychotherapeutic intervention and may improve caregiver health and quality of life.
McDonald’s India: Pains of Partnering with A Delinquent Partner
Authors: Pai V. S. 
Published: October 2021

McDonald’s India is a real-life, undisguised decision case. This US-based fast food multinational corporation set shop in India in early 1990s to gain early mover advantage in a country with a huge population. It struck joint ventures with two domestic Master Franchisee to grow its business. The company made efforts to localize its menu and customize its offerings to suit domestic customers. With the passage of time competition intensified and so did customer expectations. Of the two Master Franchisees, while Westlife Development Ltd. maintained cordial relations with McDonald’s, the chief executive officer of Connaught Plaza Restaurants Ltd. Vikram Bakshi became an impediment in its business plans. Differences between McDonald’s and Bakshi reached a flash point and the matter landed in the courts in India and London. Even after several years of litigation no clear winner emerged. As a consequence, while operations of Westlife Development flourished, the business of Connaught Plaza Restaurants remained stunted. While the two partners in the joint venture clashed, competitors took advantage of the situation to capture emerging opportunities. Even after over two decades of operations in the country, McDonald’s is not making profits. On the contrary it has accumulated losses of ₹4.22 billion by the end of 2018. The challenge facing McDonald’s is how to find a quick solution to the long-drawn problem and thereby accelerate the pace of growth of its business in one of the fastest growing economies in the world.
Preoperative Gait Analysis of Peroneal Tendon Tears
Authors: Chinitz Noah , Bohl Daniel D. , Reddy Manoj , Tenenbaum Shay , Coleman Scott , Brodsky James W. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Little is known regarding the impact of peroneal tendon tears on function. This study quantifies gait changes associated with operatively-confirmed peroneal tendon tears. Methods: Sixty-five patients with unilateral peroneal tendon tears were prospectively evaluated using preoperative 3D multisegment gait analysis of both limbs. Data were analyzed according to pattern/severity of tears, as confirmed surgically: peroneus brevis tears, reparable (PBR); peroneus brevis tears, irreparable (PBI); peroneus longus tears, irreparable (PLI); and concomitant irreparable tears of both tendons (PBI+PLI). The following parameters were analyzed: ankle sagittal motion, coronal motion, axial rotation, foot progression angle, sagittal power, sagittal moment. Results: Twelve patients (18.5%) had the PBR pattern, 37 (56.9%) PBI, 10 (15.4%) PLI, and 6 (9.2%) PBI+PLI. Compared with the contralateral, nonpathologic extremities, limbs with peroneal tears had diminished ankle sagittal motion (mean 23.14 vs 24.30 degrees, P = .012), ankle/hindfoot axial rotation (6.26 vs 7.23 degrees, P = .001), sagittal moment (1.16 vs 1.29 Nm/kg, P < .001), and sagittal power (1.24 vs 1.47 W/kg, P < .001). The most severe tear patterns had the greatest derangements in multiple parameters of gait (PBI+PLI > PBI or PLI > PBR). For example, all groups except PBR had loss of ankle sagittal moment and/or power in the affected limb, and the greatest losses in moment and power were in the PBI+PLI group (1.22 vs 0.91 Nm/kg, P = .003 for moment; 0.73 vs 1.31 W/kg, P < .001 for power). The PBI+PLI group had a >10-degree varus shift in coronal motion on the affected side ( P = .002). Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate diminished biomechanical function in patients with peroneal tendon tears. In vivo 3-dimensional gait analysis found significant changes in hindfoot motion, ankle motion, and ankle power. Impairments were related to the pattern and severity of the tears, and demonstrated a strong association of peroneal tendon tears with diminished ankle plantarflexion strength. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Epilepsy as a predictor of disease progression in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Grothe Matthias , Ellenberger David , von Podewils Felix , Stahmann Alexander , Rommer Paulus S , Zettl Uwe K 
Published: October 2021

Background: Epilepsy development during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be the result of cortical pathology. However, no long-term data exist on whether epilepsy in MS also leads to increasing disability over time. Objective: To examine if epilepsy leads to more rapid disease progression. Methods: We analyzed the data of 31,052 patients on the German Multiple Sclerosis Register in a case–control study. Results: Secondary progressive disease course (odds ratio (OR) = 2.23), age (OR = 1.12 per 10 years), and disability (OR = 1.29 per Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) point) were associated with the 5-year prevalence of epilepsy. Patients who developed epilepsy during the course of the disease had a higher EDSS score at disease onset compared to matched control patients (EDSS 2.0 vs 1.5), progressed faster in each dimension, and consequently showed higher disability (EDSS 4.4 vs 3.4) and lower employment status (40% vs 65%) at final follow-up. After 15 years of MS, 64% of patients without compared to 54% of patients with epilepsy were not severely limited in walking distance. Conclusion: This work highlights the association of epilepsy on disability progression in MS, and the need for additional data to further clarify the underlying mechanisms.
Diminished seroconversion following a single SARS-COV-2 vaccine in ocrelizumab-treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Georgieva Zoya G , Dӧffinger Rainer , Kumararatne Dinakantha , Coles Alasdair J , McCarthy Claire 
Published: October 2021

Background: Despite impressive efficacy in immunocompetent individuals, the immunogenicity of a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine in B-cell-deplete patients remains unknown. Objectives: We aimed to quantify real-world vaccine immunogenicity in ocrelizumab recipients. Methods: We measured post-vaccination SARS-COV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) in ocrelizumab recipients using a highly sensitive Luminex assay. Results: 44.1% of patients had detectable SARS-COV-2-IgG 21+ days after one vaccine dose, regardless of vaccine type (AZD1222 vs BNT162b2, odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.157–2.32, p = 0.72). B-cell count strongly predicted seroconversion (β1 = 12.38, 95% CI = 4.59–20.16, p = 0.0029), but undetectable B-cells did not preclude it. The second vaccine seroconverted 53% of the patients who had not already responded to dose 1. Conclusion: Humoral response after one COVID-19 vaccine dose is lower than expected in CD20-deplete patients.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and free-living physical activity are not associated with cognition in persons with progressive multiple sclerosis: Baseline analyses from the CogEx study
Authors: Sandroff Brian M , Motl Robert W , Amato Maria Pia , Brichetto Giampaolo , Chataway Jeremy , Chiaravalloti Nancy D , Cutter Gary R , Dalgas Ulrik , DeLuca John , Farrell Rachel , Feys Peter , Filippi Massimo , Freeman Jennifer , Inglese Matilde , Meza Cecilia , Rocca Maria A , Salter Amber , Feinstein Anthony 
Published: October 2021

Background: Aerobic exercise training (physical activity for improving cardiorespiratory fitness) represents a promising approach for managing cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there is limited evidence that levels of physical activity and fitness are associated with cognition in progressive MS. Objective: We examined associations among cardiorespiratory fitness, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and cognitive performance in a large, international progressive MS sample. Methods: Two hundred forty European and North American persons with progressive MS underwent cardiorespiratory fitness measurement on a recumbent stepper, wore an ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer for 7 days for measuring MVPA, and underwent the Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS. Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness was not significantly correlated with Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT; r = −0.01; r = −0.04), California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II; r = 0.05; r = 0.05), or Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R; r = −0.14; r = −0.14) z-scores controlling for age, sex, and education. MVPA and SDMT ( r = 0.05), CVLT-II ( r = −0.07), and BVMT-R ( r = 0.01) z-scores were not significantly correlated. Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory fitness and MVPA were not associated with cognition in this large progressive MS sample, yet these outcomes represent critical manipulation checks for documenting the success of the CogEx trial. This highlights the importance of examining other exercise-related mechanisms-of-action for improving cognition in progressive MS.
Cable effective length model error-based bridge performance warning method under thermal action
Authors: Wang Yan , Yang Dong-Hui , Zhou Yu-Zheng , Yi Ting-Hua 
Published: October 2021

The cables of long-span cable-stayed bridges are subjected to substantial tension during long-term service and are more susceptible to corrosion and fatigue failure than concrete structures. Most existing structural health monitoring (SHM) systems do not have monitoring equipment to directly measure cable length, and long-term monitoring of the change in cables is less involved. The displacement response of a bridge is induced by the combination of dynamic effects (wind and highways) and quasi-static effects (temperature). In this paper, the dynamic responses were eliminated by averaging the displacement data for 10 min, and the relationship between temperature and displacement was studied. Based on the monitoring data, the distribution of the thermal field for the bridge was studied and the time variability of the tower displacement was investigated. The correlation was analyzed to study the relationship between the temperature and the tower displacements, the north tower–south tower distance and the tower–girder distances. A strong linear relationship between the temperature and quasi-static responses of the displacements was observed. The thermal expansion coefficient of the effective length of cables was proposed as a quantitative index for long-term cable monitoring. The error in the cable effective length is proposed as the warning index for performance warning research. The results show that the proposed performance warning method can monitor cables and perform warnings when the cable is damaged.
Value of machine learning to predict functional outcome of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke of the posterior circulation
Authors: Feyen Ludger , Schott Peter , Ochmann Hendrik , Katoh Marcus , Haage Patrick , Freyhardt Patrick 
Published: October 2021

Purpose Clinical outcomes vary considerably among individuals with vessel occlusion of the posterior circulation. In the present study we evaluated machine learning algorithms in their ability to discriminate between favourable and unfavourable outcomes in patients with endovascular treatment of acute ischaemic stroke of the posterior circulation. Methods This retrospective study evaluated three algorithms (generalised linear model, K-nearest neighbour and random forest) to predict functional outcomes at dismissal of 30 patients with acute occlusion of the basilar artery who were treated with thrombectomy. Input variables encompassed baseline as well as peri and postprocedural data. Favourable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 0–2 and unfavourable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 3–6. The performance of the algorithms was assessed with the area under the receiver operating curve and with confusion matrixes. Results Successful reperfusion was achieved in 83%, with 30% of the patients having a favourable outcome. The area under the curve was 0.93 for the random forest model, 0.86 for the K-nearest neighbour model and 0.78 for the generalised linear model. The accuracy was 0.69 for the generalised linear model and 0.84 for the random forest and the K nearest neighbour models. Conclusion Favourable and unfavourable outcomes at dismissal of patients with acute ischaemic stroke of the posterior circulation can be predicted immediately after the follow-up non-enhanced computed tomography using machine learning.
Sonographic evaluation of patellar tendon displacement and its correlation with patellofemoral pain syndrome
Authors: Gonzalez-Suarez Consuelo B , Apiag Cherie-Lee A , Agarao Kris A. , Chavez Fe T. , Espino Reil V. , Sibayan Saul A. , Serra Mark A. , Sosa Ken E. , Gomez Ivan N. 
Published: October 2021

Background Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most common knee condition and is associated with patellar maltracking. Ultrasound is used in studying patellar maltracking. The objective is to determine if the technique which analyzes the displacement of the patellar tendon in the trochlear sulcus is associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Methods In total, 68 knees of 34 football players (males = 20, females = 14) were included. Patellar tendon displacement was assessed in supine and standing positions. Patellar tendon displacement difference in the two positions was determined. Results There was a significant difference in the lateral patellar tendon displacement during standing which was larger in patellofemoral pain syndrome than without patellofemoral pain syndrome (Mean Rank = 39.20 vs. 30.32, p = 0.02). There was no significant difference between the two groups for lateral patellar tendon displacement in supine and the difference in patellar tendon displacement from supine to standing. Conclusion The technique could be a potential method in assessing patellar maltracking. It could be used to have a comprehensive understanding of the pathomechanics and treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome.