bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superoxide-imbalance pharmacologically induced by Rotenone triggers behavioral, neural, and inflammatory alterations in the Eisenia fetida earthworm
Authors: Mastella Moisés Henrique , Roggia Isabel , Turra Bárbara Osmarin , Teixeira Cibele Ferreira , Assmann Charles Elias , de Morais-Pinto Luciano , Vidal Taís , Melazzo Cinthia , Jung Ivo Emílio da Cruz , Barbisan Fernanda , Cruz Ivana Beatrice Mânica da 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The inflammatory theory of depression has been tested from epidemiological and experimental investigations. Some studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction superoxide imbalance could increase the susceptibility to chronic stressful events, contributing to the establishment of chronic inflammation and the development of mood disorders. If this premise is true, mitochondrial superoxide imbalance induced by some molecules, such as Rotenone could be evolutionary conservated causing behavioral, immune, and neurological alterations in animals with the primitive central nervous system. Objective: To test this hypothesis, we analyzed some behavioral, immune, and histological markers in Eisenia fetida earthworms chronically exposed to Rotenone, that causes mitochondrial impairment for 14 days. Methods: earthworms were put in an artificial soil containing 30 nM of Rotenone distributed into a plastic cup that allowed the earthworms to leave and return freely into the ground. Since these organisms prefer to be buried in the ground, the model predicted that the earthworm would necessarily have to return to the Rotenone-contaminated medium creating a stressful condition. The effect on survival behavior, in the immune and histological body wall and ventral nervous ganglia (VNG) structures were evaluated, as well gene expression related to inflammation, mitochondrial and neuromuscular changes. Results: Rotenone-induced loss of earthworm escape behavior triggered by boric acid presence; it caused immune alterations indicatives of chronic inflammatory states. Some histological changes in the body wall and VNG indicated a possible earthworm reaction aimed at protection against Rotenone. Overexpression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (nAChRs α5) in neural tissues could also help earthworms to reduce the degenerative impact of Rotenone on dopaminergic neurons. Conclusion: The data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction could be an evolutionarily conserved element in inducing inflammatory and behavioral changes related to exposure to chronic stress.
Evaluation of General Practitioners' awareness of hearing screening in the elderly
Authors: Ge Jianli , Geng Shasha , Li Qingqing , Jiang Hua , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives

The aim of this study is to assess the awareness of community general practitioners on hearing screening for the elderly.
Methods

From January to February 2019, 367 general practitioners from 12 community health service centers, distributed in urban and suburban areas of Pudong District, Shanghai, were investigated with self-designed questionnaires.
Results

The general practitioners had poor understandings of the definition and onset of presbycusis. The accuracy of answers regarding the high-risk factors of presbycusis was zero. The top-three common hearing screening methods selected by general practitioners were screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-s) (94.55%), self-auditory assessment (83.65%), and pure-tone audiometry (77.66%). As for the attitudinal evaluation of hearing screening, 49.59% of the participants thought it was highly meaningful, 48.77% thought that early intervention would have clinical benefits. However, 52.59% of the participants believed it was necessary for specialists to complete the auditory screening in the community, and 13.62% thought hearing screening was impracticable in community.
Conclusion

Our questionnaire suggested that general practitioners were aware of the knowledge of hearing screening and agreed with its significance. But further training is highly demanded to promote the professional skills for general practitioners in community.
Flow Characteristic Research of Children Subjected to Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
Authors: Cai Huikun , Xu Chang , Xue Haoyang , Guo Yufeng , Su Lijun , Gao Xingqiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Revealing the structural morphology and inner flow field of the upper airway is important for understanding obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) incidence phenomena and pathological diagnosis in children. However, the present study is usually concentrated on adults, but achievement cannot be directly applied to children because of different inducing factors. Therefore, this paper employs flow characteristics and a simulation method for child OSAHS. It is found that the Reynold number changes highly throughout the whole upper airway, and the laminar assumption is no longer suitable for low Reynold number flow, which is much unlike classic fluid mechanics. Turbulent models of Standard k-ω and Spalart-Allmaras were developed prior to suggestion. The simulation is validated by experiments with an error of approximately 20%. Additionally, carried out in this analysis is the influence of adenoidal hypertrophy with different narrow levels. The cross-sectional area, flow velocity, pressure drop and volume rate will change greatly when the narrow level is above 64% of the upper airway, which can be a quantitative explanation for medical intervention if adenoid hypertrophy blocks 2/3 of the upper airway in the common clinical judgment of otorhinolaryngology. It is expected that this paper can be a meaningful instruction on OSAHS surgery plan making as well as recovery evaluation postoperatively.
Gut Microbiota Depletion by Antibiotics Ameliorates Somatic Neuropathic Pain Induced by Nerve Injury, Chemotherapy and Diabetes in Mice
Authors: Ma Pingchuan , Mo Ru-Fan , Liao Hua-Bao , Zhang Yun-Xiao , Yang Cai-Xia , Qiu Cheng-Jie , Wu Gen-Hao , Zhao Yi-Ran , Song Xue-Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Gut microbiota has been found involved in neuronal functions and neurological disorders. Whether and how gut microbiota impacts chronic somatic pain disorders remain elusive.Methods: Neuropathic pain was produced by different forms of injury or diseases, the chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerves, oxaliplatin (OXA) chemotherapy, and streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in mice. Continuous feeding of antibiotics (ABX) cocktail was used to cause major depletion of the gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota, biochemical changes in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and the behaviorally expressed painful syndromes were assessed.Results: Under condition of gut microbiota depletion, CCI, OXA, or STZ treatment-induced thermal hyperalgesia or mechanical allodynia were prevented or completely suppressed. Gut microbiota depletion also prevented CCI or STZ treatment-induced glial cell activation in the spinal cord and inhibited cytokine production in DRG in OXA model. Interestingly, STZ treatment failed to induce the diabetic high blood glucose and painful hypersensitivity in animals with the gut microbiota depletion. ABX feeding starting simultaneously with CCI, OXA, or STZ treatment resulted in instant analgesia in all the animals. ABX feeding starting after establishment of the neuropathic pain in CCI- and STZ-, but not OXA-treated animals produced significant alleviation of the thermal hyeralgesia or mechanical allodynia. Transplantation of fecal bacteria from SPF mice to ABX treated mice partially restored the gut microbiota and fully rescued the behaviorally expressed neuropathic pain, of which, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Desulfovibrionaceae phylus may play a key role. Conclusion: This study demonstrates distinct roles of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic painful conditions with nerve injury, chemotherapy and diabetic neuropathy and supports the clinical significance of fecal bacteria transplantation.
Heterologous Expression of the Cysteine Proteinase Gene VaCP17 from the Cold-adapted Grapevine Vitis Amurensis Increases Cold Tolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Shu Xin , Gu Bao , Zhang Hongjuan , Tang Yunyun , Zhang Jianxia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cysteine proteinases (thiol) carry out diverse and critical functions in plants through their ability to hydrolyze peptide bonds in target proteins. Here, we cloned a cysteine proteinase gene designated VaCP17 from a highly cold-resistant wild Vitis amurensis accession ‘Shuangyou’, and then its potential function in cold resistance was investigated. The results showed that the CDS of VaCP17 is 1404 bp, encoding 467 amino acids, the VaCP17 protein localized to the cell membrane. Expression of CP17 was highly distinctive among different structures of ‘Shuangyou’ and the cold-sensitive Vitis vinifera cultivar ‘Red Globe’, with the highest expression in the stem of ‘Shuangyou’ and the flower of ‘Red Globe’. Arabidopsis plants constitutively expressing a VaCP17-GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN fusion (35S::VaCP17-GFP) showed increased survival after transient exposure to freezing (-6℃), and showed lower electrolyte leakage and MDA content, higher soluble sugar content and SOD, POD and CAT activities, as compared with non-transgenic Arabidopsis controls. The expression of nine cold-resistance related genes (CBF1, CBF2, CBF3, RD29A, COR15A, KIN1, NCED3, AOC1 and JAZ10) in 35S::VaCP17-GFP plants was increased under cold treatment at 4℃, relative to control plants. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we identified VaNAC72, VaCAM7 and VaDi19 as potential interactors of VaCP17, and their interactions were demonstrated by a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. In conclusion, we revealed that VaCP17 can enhance cold resistance by influencing physiology and biochemistry and the expression of cold resistance related genes under cold stress.
Dopaminergic neuron transplantation and melatonin co-administration protects neurodegeneration and reverse oxidative stress-induced cell death in rat model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Asemi-Rad Azam , moafy maral , aliaghaei abbas , Abbaszadeh Hojjat-Allah , abdollahifar mohammad-amin , ebrahimi mohammad-javad , heidari mohammad-hassan , sadeghi yousef 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

A gradual degeneration of the striatum and loss of nigral dopamine cells are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Nowadays, combination therapy for neurodegenerative disease is considered. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin and dopaminergic neurons derived from adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods

Parkinson’s disease was induced in rats using neurotoxin 6-Hydroxydopamine. The treatment was performed using melatonin and dopaminergic neurons transplantation. Subsequently, behavioral tests, western blot analysis for Caspase-3 expression, GSH (Glutathione) content and stereology analysis for the volume and cell number of substantia nigra and striatum were performed.
Results

Treatment with melatonin and dopaminergic neuron transplantation increased the number of neurons in substantia nigra and striatum while the number of glial cell and the volume of substantia nigra and striatum did not show significant change between groups. Western blot analysis for caspase 3 indicated the significant differences between groups. The results also indicated the increased level of glutathione (GSH) content in treatment groups.
Conclusion

this study showed that combination therapy with melatonin and dopaminergic neurons could greatly protect the neurons, reduce oxidative stress and improve the symptoms of PD.
Combination of Serological Biomarkers and Clinical Features To Predict Mucosal Healing in Crohn’s Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Tang Nana , Chen Han , Chen Ruidong , Tang Wen , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Mucosal healing (MH) has become the treatment goal of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). This study aims to develop a noninvasive and reliable clinical tool for individual evaluation of mucosal healing in patients with Crohn’s disease.
Results
The following variables were independently associated with the MH and were subsequently included into the prediction model: PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio), CAR (C-reactive protein to albumin ratio), ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), HBI (Harvey-Bradshaw Index) score and infliximab treatment. A primary model and a simple model were established, respectively. The primary model performed better than the simple one in C-index (87.5% vs 83.0 %, p=0.004). There was no statistical significance between these two models in sensitivity (70.43% vs 62.61%, p=0.467), specificity (87.12% vs 80.69%, p=0.448), PPV (72.97% vs 61.54%, p=0.292), NPV (85.65% vs 81.39%, p=0.614), and accuracy (81.61% vs 74.71%, p=0.303). The primary model had good calibration and high levels of explained variation and discrimination in validation cohort.
Conclusions
This model can be used to predict MH in post-treatment CD patients. It can also be used as an indication of endoscopic surveillance to evaluate mucosal healing in patients with CD after treatment.
MALAT-1/p53/miR-155/miR-146a ceRNA circuit tuned by Methoxylated Quercitin Glycoside Alters Immunogenic and Oncogenic Profiles of Breast cancer
Authors: Abdel-Latif Mustafa , Riad Ahmed , Soliman Raghda Ashraf , Elkhouly Aisha , Nafae Heba , Gad Mohamed Zakaria , Motaal Amira Abdel , Youness Rana Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive and hot BC subtypes. Our research group has recently shed the light onto the utility of natural compounds as effective immunotherapeutic agents. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of a methoxylated quercitin glycoside (MQG) isolated from Cleome droserifolia in harnessing TNBC progression and tuning the tumor microenvironment and natural killer cells cytotoxicity. Results showed that MQG showed highest potency in repressing cellular proliferation, colony forming ability, migration and invasion capacities. Mechanistically, MQG was found to modulate a circuit of competing endogenous RNAs where it was found to reduce the oncogenic MALAT-1 lncRNA and induced TP53 and its downstream miRNAs; miR-155 and miR-146a. In turn, this lead to alteration in several downstream signaling pathways such as nitric oxide machinery, natural killer cells through inducing the expression of its activating ligands such as MICA/B, ULBP2, CD155 and ICAM-1 and trimming of the immune suppressive cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-10. In conclusion, this study shows that MQG act as a compelling anti-cancer agent repressing TNBC hallmarks, activating immune cell recognition and alleviating the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment experienced by TNBC patients.
A Deep Learning-Based Embedding Framework for Object Detection and Recognition in Underwater Marine Organisms
Authors: Zhua Jinde 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The detection of marine organisms is an important part of the intelligent strategy in marine ranch, which requires an underwater robot to detect the marine organism quickly and accurately in the complex ocean environment. Based on the latest deep learning arithmetic, this paper put forward to find the marine organism in a picture or video to construct a real-time objective invention system for marine organisms. The neural network arithmetic： YOLOv4 was employed to extract the deep features of marine organisms, implementing the accurate detection and size detection of different fish can use arithmetic for evaluation in fisheries. Furthermore, improving the architecture of the backbone and the neck connection is called YOLOv4-embedding. As a result, compared with other object detection arithmetic, YOLOv4-embedding object detection arithmetic was better at detection accuracy--higher detection confidence and higher detection ratio than other one-stage object detection arithmetic, EfficientDet-D3 example. The consequence demonstrates that the suggested instrument could implement the rapid invention of different varieties in marine organisms. Compared to the YOLOv4, the mAP 75 of the YOLOv4-embedding achieves an improvement of 2.92% for the marine organism dataset at a rapid rate of ~51 FPS on RTX 3090, 60.8% AP 50 for the MS COCO dataset.
Leadership skills for quality residential aged care: An industry perspective
Authors: Dawes Nathan , Topp Stephanie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Documented poor quality and standards of care in Australia’s residential aged care (RAC) sector have highlighted a need to better understand the role of, and skills required by, RAC senior management personnel to address these concerns. This study examined which senior management leadership skills are necessary to deliver and strengthen the quality of RAC, with the aim of improving understanding of the professional development needs of leaders in the sector.Methods We conducted 12 in-depth interviews with Australian aged care industry experts, including academics, and representatives from the primary health network, consumer, and provider advocate groups. Abductive, thematic analysis incorporated coding derived from existing leadership skills frameworks as well as inductively identified themes.Results Identified leadership skills were grouped into five domains including: i) workforce development and retention, ii) governance and business acumen; iii) health systems knowledge; iv) stewardship and v) responding to regulatory and political contexts. Participants placed a strong emphasis on the skills required to develop a competent health care workforce and manage relationships. While participants also mentioned leadership skills required to promote a positive organisational culture and employee wellbeing, the ability of senior managers to lead a quality service for culturally and linguistically diverse care recipients, was not defined.Conclusions RAC senior managers require a complex mix of business, human resource management, and clinical skills to deliver quality care in Australia’s complex RAC setting. The lack of any professional development framework to guide acquisition or updating of those skills is a concern.
Antibody escape and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage A.27
Authors: Kaleta Tamara , Kern Lisa , Hong Samuel , Hölzer Martin , Kochs Georg , Beer Julius , Schnepf Daniel , Schwemmle Martin , Bollen Nena , Kolb Philipp , Huber Magdalena , Ulferts Svenja , Weigang Sebastian , Dudas Gytis , Wittig Alice , Jaki Lena , Padane Abdou , Lagare Adamou , Salou Mounerou , Ozer Egon , Nnaemeka Ndodo , Odoom John , Rutayisire Robert , Benkahla Alia , Akoua-Koffi Chantal , Ouedraogo Abdoul-Salam , SIMON-LORIERE Etienne , Enouf Vincent , Kröger Stefan , Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien , Baele Guy , Panning Marcus , Fuchs Jonas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In spring 2021, an increasing number of infections was observed caused by the hitherto rarely described SARS-CoV-2 variant A.27 in south-west Germany. From December 2020 to June 2021 this lineage has been detected in 31 countries. Phylogeographic analyses of A.27 sequences obtained from national and international databases reveal a global spread of this lineage through multiple introductions from its inferred origin in Western Africa. Variant A.27 is characterized by a mutational pattern in the spike gene that includes the L18F, L452R and N501Y spike amino acid substitutions found in various variants of concern but lacks the globally dominant D614G. Neutralization assays demonstrated an escape of A.27 from convalescent and vaccine-elicited antibody-mediated immunity. Moreover, the therapeutic monoclonal antibody Bamlanivimab and partially the REGN-COV2 cocktail failed to block infection by A.27. Our data emphasize the need for continued global monitoring of novel lineages because of the independent evolution of new escape mutations.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENILAIAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR DAN PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH PADA TAHUN 2019-2020
Authors: Drastiana Tiyas , Himmati Risdiana 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Kinerja keuangan merupakan suatu tingkat pencapaian dari hasil kerja dalam bidang keuangan atas pelbagai aktivitas yang telah dilakukan. Maka dari itu Pemerintah Daerah perlu melakukan analisis keuangan dengan menggunakan rasio kemandirian, rasio efektifitas, rasio efisiensi, dan rasio pertumbuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif melalui data sekunder dari laporan realisasi APBD Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah periode 2019-2020. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Tingkat kemandirian pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng dari periode 2019-2020 masih dalam kategori rendah sekali. (2) Rasio efektifitas pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng periode 2019-2020 masih dalam kategori tidak efektif. (3) Tingkat efisiensi pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng periode 2019-2020 masuk dalam kategori sangat efisien. (4) tingkat pertumbuhan Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng tahun 2019-2020 cenderung fluktuatif.
Kata Kunci: rasio kemandirian; rasio efektifitas; rasio efisiensi; rasio pertumbuhan: kinerja keuangan.

Abstract: Financial performance is a level of achievement of the results of work in the financial sector for various activities that have been carried out. Therefore, the Regional Government must conduct a financial analysis using the independence ratio, effectiveness ratio, efficiency ratio, and growth ratio. The purpose of this study was to determine the financial performance of the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province. The analysis technique in this study is descriptive quantitative using secondary data, namely from the Realization Report of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) of East Java Province and Central Java Province in 2019-2020. The results of this study indicate that (1) The ratio of independence in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province from 2019-2020 is still in the very low category. (2) The effectiveness ratio in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 is still in the ineffective category. (3) The efficiency ratio in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 is in the very efficient category. (4) The growth ratio of the Provincial Governments of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 tends to fluctuate.
Keywords: independence ratio; effectiveness ratio; efficiency ratio; growth ratio; financial performance.
Consumer Empowerment in Transportation Sector
Authors: Simanjuntak Megawati , Saniyya Raisha Ulfa 
Published: November 2021

Awareness of rights and obligations as a consumer became one of the problems faced by consumers. One way to increase consumer awareness is to provide access to consumer education through media used by consumers. This article aimed to identify and analyze the effect of socio-demographic characteristics and consumer education media toward consumer empowerment on public transportation. This research used a cross-sectional study through an online survey of 100 users of public transportation. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the consumer empowerment index is 44.56 and categorized as capable level. Also, female, early-aged adults (18 - 40 years), high education, employee, income range from IDR 2 000 000 to IDR 3 000 000 per capita per month, and an urban area were the most empowered consumers. In addition, employment status and media of consumer education positively and significantly influenced consumer empowerment.