bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Stockpile Heated and Ambient Air Dryer (SHAD) for Freshly Harvested Almonds
Authors: Mayanja Ismael Kilinya , Coates Michael C , Niederholzer Franz , Donis-González Irwin R 
Published: June 2021

HighlightsAlmonds are conventionally sun-dried on the orchard floor. Collection and removal of dried nuts from the orchard generates significant dust.Almonds were dried on-farm directly from the almond tree eliminating field drying.SHAD dryer uses a combination of heated and ambient air to dry almonds in a stockpile.The dryer has a SMER of 0.64 kg/kWh, MER of 1.02 kg/h, and COP of 1.33.Abstract. Dust generated by farming activities is a safety hazard to farmworkers and an environmental contaminant. During the almond (Prunus dulcis) harvest in California, dust is primarily generated by the mechanized movement of almonds disturbing the bare soil of the orchard floor, during the sun-drying, windrowing process, and as they are transferred into trucks for transport to processing facilities. Off-ground dust-less harvesting will only be achieved when the almond industry adopts feasible mechanical drying methods. Therefore, a stockpile heated and ambient air dryer (SHAD) was developed to determine the feasibility of dehydrating almonds (Var. ‘Monterey’). A stockpile containing 4,155 kg of almonds was created and almonds were dehydrated from their initial 12.6% almond kernel dry-basis moisture content (MCdb) to final MCdb of 6.04%. Drying was achieved as a combination of heated air at a temperature of 55°C in the drying plenum with airflow of 0.078 m3/s per m3 of fresh almonds. After drying, almond quality parameters were measured, including damage by molds or decay, insect injury, and presence of internal cavities. Drying energy consumption, cost, and performance indicators were also determined. The differences in MCdb between the bottom, middle, and top layers of the almond stockpile were significant (p = 0.05). Post-hoc Tuckey test was conducted which indicated that the MCdb in the top layer was significantly lower than almond MCdb in the middle and bottom layers. Results showed that damage by molds or decay, insect injury, and internal cavities were 1.81%, 0%, and 1.77%, respectively, after drying. Therefore, the overall almond quality was not compromised. The drying process cost $11.65 per tonne of the initial weight of almonds with a Specific Moisture Extraction Rate (SMER) of 0.64 kg/kWh, Moisture Extraction Rate (MER) of 1.02 kg/h, and a Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 1.33. Comparison with other dryers in the literature shows that SMER and MER were within limits. However, a low COP was observed. Keywords: Dust, Energy, Postharvest, Stockpile drying, Tree nut.s
Assessment of Input Parameters and Calibration Methods for Simulating Prairie Pothole Hydrology using AnnAGNPS
Authors: Nahkala Brady A , Kaleita Amy L , Soupir Michelle L 
Published: June 2021

HighlightsModel equifinality incurs user-driven decisions when modeling with AnnAGNPS.Prairie pothole models should be calibrated using a limited parameter search space.LiDAR-derived surface areas best represent prairie pothole hydrology in AnnAGNPS.Modeling field-scale prairie pothole spill-and-fill dynamics is currently limited.Abstract. The Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) model was used to predict water volume in individual prairie potholes within the Des Moines Lobe of Iowa. AnnAGNPS can represent prairie potholes as static wetland areas located on preferential flow paths at field scale, whereas standard practice of watershed modeling is to fill depressions while preparing input data, and whereas models have lumped parameters at scales too large for individual pothole representation, or are considered too complex for widespread implementation. Here, we assess how key user inputs affect hydrologic calibration of 6 AnnAGNPS prairie pothole models, suggest methods for calibrating and modeling the impact of some potholes at field scale, and explain challenges in modeling prairie potholes with AnnAGNPS. Results indicate that user-defined pothole surface area does not significantly affect statistical calibration of the model. Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency 0.26 to 0.79, R2 ranged from 0.37 to 0.80 and RSR ranged from 0.46 to 0.86. The area that best simulates pothole hydrology and expected physical parameters is derived from LiDAR and is considered the maximum extent of the pothole. Potholes were calibrated using a stepwise, iterative, limited search space method using multiple representations of their inundation extent. We graphically assessed statistical parameters to identify calibrated models and chose input parameters within reasonable ranges of published literature. This helped formulate our recommendation for the modeled pothole area. Finally, AnnAGNPS is limited in its ability to simulate field-scale pothole networks due to the placement of potholes within the model’s subbasin network. Investigating high-resolution subbasin delineation or more specific wetland placement may alleviate this issue. Keywords: AnnAGNPS, Farmed wetlands, Hydrology, Prairie potholes, Prairie pothole region.
Optical characterization of Ge11.5As24S64.5 glass for an on-chip supercontinuum
Authors: Shang Haiyan , Zhang Mingjie , Sun Dandan , Liu Yan-Ge , Wang Zhi 
Published: June 2021

An on-chip supercontinuum (SC) source spanning from 900 nm to 2000 nm has been experimentally presented and analyzed based on a

G

e

11.5

A

s

24

S

64.5

(GeAsS) planar waveguide at telecommunication wavelength. The nonlinear response parameter (

γ

) of the GeAsS waveguide is estimated to be

∼

12

/

W

/

m

at the pump wavelength using resonant grating waveguide (RGW) nonlinear refractive index (

n

2

=

2

×

1

0

−
18

m

2

/

W

), which is measured by the z-scan technique. The dispersion of the waveguide is carefully engineered based on the refractive index of the GeAsS film where the film structure is confirmed by a Raman spectrum exhibiting consistency with the corresponding glass. The results suggest that the GeAsS glass is expected to be an ideal platform for on-chip devices.
Eliminating onchocerciasis within the Meme River Basin of Cameroon: A social-ecological approach to understanding everyday realities and health systems
Authors: Nji Theobald Mue , Piotrowski Helen , Dum-Buo Nnamdi , Fung Ebua Gallus , Dean Laura , Theobald Sally , Thomson Rachael , Wanji Samuel , Ozano Kim 
Published: June 2021

Background
Onchocerciasis affects some of the world’s most marginalized people, perpetuating poverty and inequalities. Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with Ivermectin has taken place within the Meme River basin region in Cameroon for over 15 years. Despite this, onchocerciasis is still prevalent in the region due to existing and emerging contextual challenges. Using a social-ecological approach we explore the everyday realities of communities, highlighting the challenges and potential solutions that could support Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) programmes when transitioning from control to elimination of onchocerciasis in this highly endemic area and other similar communities.

Methodology/Principal finding
In-depth interviews (71) with community members and Community Drug Distributors (CDDs) were conducted to understand current knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours in relation to transmission, prevention and treatment of onchocerciasis. Through application of the social-ecological model, four key themes were identified: 1. Contextual factors on health promotion interventions (Onchocerciasis history and understanding of the disease, prevention and mitigation strategies and MDA experience); 2. Social determinants (poverty and livelihoods, economic and social impacts on CDD volunteers and stigma); 3. Environmental determinants (exposure, housing, occupation and poverty); and 4. health seeking pathways and decision making for treatment (access, cost and preferable treatment routes).
We discuss these core and cross cutting themes (gender differences and community participation/ownership) in relation to intersectoral collaboration, gender equity and health systems support, making recommendations for NTD programmes within the context of integrated and interdisciplinary approaches. These include the need for; intersectional and gender analysis at the local level, addressing environmental dimensions of onchocerciasis through integrated and regular health promotion, vector control strategies and access to safe water sources; reflection and action that embeds responses to social and economic barriers to MDA; integrated case detection and management that is responsive to onchocerciasis symptoms and related stigma and a fair and just support network for CDDs.

Conclusion/Significance
NTD programmes need to respond to diverse community circumstances and behaviours. Communities are not a homogeneous risk group and treating them in this way will delay elimination. A deeper understanding of individual needs and their capacity to seek prevention and treatment must be considered if onchocerciasis is to be eliminated and the remaining impacts managed.
Real-life dental examination elicits physiological responses different to visual and auditory dental-related stimuli
Authors: Košir Tadea , Sajovic Jakob , Grošelj Maja , Fidler Aleš , Drevenšek Gorazd , Selič-Zupančič Polona 
Published: June 2021

Background
Previous studies on dental anxiety have examined the psychophysiological responses evoked in dentally anxious subjects by dental-related stimuli, but not during a real-life dental examination, which was achieved in the present study.

Methods
The heart rate, skin conductance level, and heart rate variability of 25 subjects with dental anxiety and 25 healthy controls were examined. Anxiety was determined by the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and the Dental Anxiety Scale–Revised. The psychophysiological reactions of the two groups were compared during exposure to dental-related pictures, dental-related sounds, and an actual examination in a dental surgery.

Results
All the dental-related stimuli provoked an increase in heart rate, i.e. visual stimuli (p<0.001; 95% CI 0.98–3.95 bpm), auditory stimuli (p<0.001; 95% CI 1.34–4.99 bpm), and a dental examination (p<0.001; 95% CI 1.26–5.39 bpm). Dental-related pictures provoked inferior skin conductance level changes compared to dental-related sounds and the dental examination (visual modality vs auditory p<0.001; 95% CI 0.039–0.152; visual modality vs examination p<0.001; 95% CI 0.083–0.275). Heart rate variability manifested in a complex pattern of responses to the dental examination. However, when exposed to all three dental-related stimuli presentation conditions, the heart rate (F = 0.352, p = 0.556), skin conductance level (F = 0.009, p = 0.926), and heart rate variability parameters of subjects with dental anxiety did not differ in comparison to the healthy controls.

Conclusions
This pilot study represents an evaluation of psychophysiological reactions during a real-life dental examination compared to single modality stimuli, and shows that a real-life dental examination provokes an increase in heart rate, heart rate variability and skin conductance level. Additionally, autonomic responses did not differ between the experimental and control groups. The key issue for future studies is the effect of real-life situations on the physiological and psychological state of the subjects, which should be considered when planning new research and studied in depth.
Late adolescents’ own and assumed parental preferences towards health-care related confidentiality and consent in Belgium
Authors: De Coninck David , Matthijs Koen , de Winter Peter , Toelen Jaan 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesHealth care professionals regularly struggle with issues relating to confidentiality and consent for physical and/or mental health issues among adolescents. We investigate late adolescents’ own and assumed parental preferences towards health-care related confidentiality and consent.MethodsWe analyzed online survey data of four vignettes from 463 first-year university students at KU Leuven (Flanders, Belgium). We used paired samples t-tests to assess the (in)consistency between attitudes of late adolescents and their assumed parental attitudes, independent samples t-tests to estimate gender differences, and binomial logistic regressions to analyze the association of assumed parental preferences with late adolescents’ own preferences.ResultsAttitudinal inconsistencies were present in all vignettes. Late adolescents were significantly more in favor of confidentiality and adolescent consent than what they believed their parents were. Gender differences were limited. Binomial logistic regressions indicated that assumed parental preferences were strongly associated with late adolescents’ own preferences.ConclusionsFindings suggest a clear difference between late adolescents’ preferences and assumed parental preferences: they believe that their parents are less inclined to favor confidentiality and adolescent consent. We also find that this difference depends on the case, indicating that there is no such thing as general ‘confidentiality preferences’. Rather, a decision- and/or context-specific perspective should be adopted.
The development of respect in young athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abad Robles Manuel Tomás , Navarro Domínguez Benjamín , Cerrada Nogales José Antonio , Giménez Fuentes-Guerra Francisco Javier 
Published: June 2021

Background
The practice of sports can lead to the development of values such as respect, self-control, effort, autonomy and leadership. However, sport can only foster educational habits and values if it is properly timed and specifically focused towards that end. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of interventions on the development and promotion of respect in the practice of sport among young people.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted, according to the guidelines of the PRISMA declaration, in the Web of Science (WOS), PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Google Scholar and SportDiscus databases. A total of 6 articles were considered to meet the inclusion criteria for the promotion of respect. Criteria for inclusion included: the full text needed to be available; it should be written in one of the selected languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese; it should be an intervention, an experimental or quasi-experimental study or a randomized controlled trial. Each manuscript was independently reviewed by three authors of this work.

Results
The results of the meta-analyses showed that the Siedentop sports education model, and Hellison’s personal and social responsibility model (TPRS), had significant improvements regarding respect for opponents (total effect size = 0.39, small effect, with 95% Confidence Interval of 0.07 to 0.72). In addition, these models, along with another programme called Fair Play, also achieved significant increases as regards respect for the social conventions of sport (total effect size = 0.67, moderate effect, with 95% IC from 0.25 to 1.10).

Conclusions
In conclusion, the use of interventions related to the above-mentioned models is recommended when it is intended to encourage respect for opponents and social conventions. These considerations could be useful to both teachers and coaches in order to further cultivate these important attitudes.
Criterion validity of the ActiGraph and activPAL in classifying posture and motion in office-based workers: A cross-sectional laboratory study
Authors: Radtke Thomas , Rodriguez Manuel , Braun Julia , Dressel Holger 
Published: June 2021

Background
The ActiGraph and activPAL monitors are the most frequently used thigh-worn devices to measure motion and posture, but the criterion validity to measure sitting, standing and postural transfer in the office setting is not known. Research question: To examine the criterion validity of the ActiGraph and activPAL activity monitors in repeatedly measuring a variety of different postures and motion in the office setting.

Methods
Twenty office workers from the University of Zurich wore an ActiGraph and activPAL during two identical laboratory experiments lasting approximately 60 minutes each, within a maximum of 7 days. The experimental setting consisted of a standard computer office workstation with an electrically powered height-adjustable desk, a swivel chair without arm rests, a standard chair, a footrest, and a bookcase. The protocol consisted of 24 pre-defined tasks mimicking sitting, standing, stepping, and postural transitions around the workplace. All tasks were supervised and observed by the same experimenter.

Results
In repeated measurements (40 individual experiments), the percentages of correctly classified tasks for the ActiGraph and activPAL were, respectively, 100% vs. 85% for sitting, 87% vs. 100% for standing, and 100% vs. 73% for postural transitions. Both monitors correctly identified all stepping tasks. The activPAL misclassified sitting with legs outstretched, and sitting with both feet placed beneath the chair, as standing ~25–70% and 45% of the time, respectively. The ActiGraph misclassified standing with the right foot on a footrest as sitting in 65% of events.

Conclusions
The ActiGraph appears to be slightly more sensitive than the activPAL with respect to the measurement of sitting and postural transitions of short duration, whereas the activPAL seems to be slightly more accurate in capturing standing postures. This knowledge will help guide researchers to choose the best suitable monitor for their research setting.
Trends forecasting as a tool for sustainable education
Authors: Raybould Caroline 
Published: June 2021

The fashion and textile industry is under increasing scrutiny because of its unethical and unsustainable practices. It is clear there needs to be systemic change towards a more ecological future. One way to achieve this is through education, by equipping students with strategies and skills and by nurturing sustainable mindsets. How can we create the next generation of fashion professionals who can help bring the change that is much needed? Having taught sustainability within various modules on a fashion business degree in the United Kingdom, it was observed that a significant number of students engaged at a deeper level with sustainable thinking when learning trends forecasting research. A pilot study was trialled when teaching a short course in India with a small group of interdisciplinary design students and a questionnaire was conducted after the workshop.
This article presents findings and reflections of this cross-cultural experience, with suggestions for future projects and educational approaches.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Gastrointestinal Presentation of Congenital Plasminogen Deficiency
Authors: Balram Bhairavi , Thiesen Aducio , Kroeker Karen I. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Plasminogen deficiency (PD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that results in the formation of fibrin-rich pseudomembranes, which impair wound-healing capacity. We report a 21-year-old man with congenital PD-associated inflammatory bowel disease. After an episode of Clostridioides difficile infection, he developed chronic diarrhea. Colonoscopy revealed moderate friability and erythema of the colon. Histology showed fibrin deposits in the lamina propria of the colonic mucosa with surrounding inflammation and focal ulceration. He was treated with infliximab and achieved clinical remission. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of colonic involvement of PD.
دراسة تحليلية لبعض المتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية لخطوة الرمي الأخيرة
Authors: Amin Mumtaz A. 
Published: June 2021

إن فعالية رمي الرمح واحدة من هذه الفعاليات التي تمتاز بأداء فني ومتطلبات بدنية خاصة فضلا عن الشروط البايوميكانيكية الخاصة بها التي تتطلب متابعة وتقويم الأداء لهذه الفعالية من خلال التحليل الحركي الذي يساعد في تشخيص الخلل والضعف في تطبيق هذه الشروط ويعد الوصول الى المستويات العليا من الأمور المهمة التي تتطلب معرفة أهم المتغيرات الميكانيكية التي تسهم في اتقان المهارة فضلا عن اداء الحركة بجهد اقتصادي من خلال المتابعة الميدانية والنتائج التي تم الحصول عليها عن رماة منتخب العراق بشكل عام في فعالية رمي الرمح تبين أن هناك ضعف في الانجاز في فعالية رمي الرمح على حد علم الباحث اضافة الى بعد الانجاز الرقمي العراقي عن الرقم العالمي والأسيوي مقارنة ببقية الدول المجاورة والمتقدمة في الفعالية ، وأفترض الباحث وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين بعض المتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية لخطوة الرمي الأخيرة مع الانجاز في فعالية رمي الرمح المتقدمين وتم استخدام من راميين الرمح من خارج عينة البحث كتجربة استطلاعية على ومن ثم استخدم الباحث التجربة النهائية في ميدان التجربة باستخدام الآت التصوير الفديويية وتم اختيار عينة البحث من لاعبي رماة الرمح بصورة عمدية من افضل لاعبي اندية العراق للمتقدمين وعددهم. ومن أجل الحصول على بعض المتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية لخطوة الرمي وعلاقتها بأنجاز فعالية رمي الرمح للمتقدمين منها (نصف القطر، طول الخطوة الأخيرة، زمن الخطوة الأخيرة، سرعة الخطوة الأخيرة، زاوية الاصطدام، زاوية الرمي للجسم، السرعة الزاوية للجسم، السرعة المحيطية، الزخم الخطي، كتلة الجسم، الانجاز). وتمت المعالجات الإحصائية بواسطة الحاسوب الآلي باستخدام الحقيبة الأخصائية برنامج ((SPSS. وتم عرض نتائج البحث بعد تحليلها في جدول خاص من اجل تحليل النتائج.
Studi Bahaya Antropogenik yang Disebabkan Pembuangan Sampah di Bentuklahan Fluvio-Marin di Sebagian Muara Angke, Jakarta Menggunakan Data Penginderaan Jauh Udara
Authors: Sari Nurwita Mustika , Tambunan Mangapul Parlindungan 
Published: June 2021

Anthropogenic hazards are hazards arising from human actions or negligences. Anthropogenic hazards can affect both human and the broader ecosystem and various landforms. Waste as the effect of human activity is a big problem in urban areas related to the difficulty of waste management while waste production continues to increase. The impact of poor waste management in the city is a potential anthropogenic hazard for the region. Part of the city that often receives less attention related to waste or environmental sanitation and has been negatively affected by waste is the coastal area in a big city, which is kind of fluvio-marine landform unit, one of which is Muara Angke, which is the study area of this research. Identification of the waste disposal site is carried out to determine the level of anthropogenic hazard posed by waste in the area. With very high spatial resolution obtained by aerial remote sensing data, identification of objects in urban areas such as waste disposal site can be conducted. The purpose of this study is to identify the waste disposal site in part of Muara Angke region and to identify the potential of anthropogenic hazard caused by waste in the area. The data used is the LSU (LAPAN Surveillance UAV) camera data. The method proposed in this research is visual interpretation LSU camera data. The result showed that waste disposal location can be performed using aerial remote sensing data and visual interpretation to the data.