bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Use of Telepractice to Deliver Pediatric Feeding Assessments
Authors: Raatz Madeline , Ward Elizabeth C. , Marshall Jeanne , Burns Clare L. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the interrater reliability of pediatric feeding assessments conducted via synchronous (real-time) telepractice. Secondary aims were to investigate parent and clinician satisfaction.

Method
The eating and/or cup drinking skills of 40 children (aged 4 months to 7 years) were simultaneously assessed by one speech-language pathologist (SLP) leading the appointment via telepractice and a second SLP present in the family home. A purpose-designed assessment form was used to assess (a) positioning, (b) development, (c) oral sensorimotor function, (d) prefeeding respiratory status, (e) observation of eating and drinking, (f) parent–child interaction, (g) overall feeding skills, and (h) feeding recommendations. The telepractice SLP completed a postappointment satisfaction questionnaire, and parents completed five questionnaires specifically investigating perceptions of and satisfaction with the telepractice feeding appointment.

Results

Agreement for all assessment components except intraoral examination (palate integrity and tonsils) was > 85%. All appointments were able to be conducted via telepractice, and for 90% of these (
n
= 36), clinicians agreed that telepractice was an effective service delivery method. Parents reported high levels of satisfaction with telepractice, with 76% reporting that the telepractice appointment was similar to a traditional in-person appointment.

Conclusion
Study results demonstrated that synchronous pediatric feeding assessments conducted in family homes via telepractice were feasible, reliable, and acceptable to both clinicians and parents.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14700228
Relationship Between Tasked Vocal Effort Levels and Measures of Vocal Intensity
Authors: Hunter Eric J. , Berardi Mark L. , van Mersbergen Miriam 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Patients with voice problems commonly report increased vocal effort, regardless of the underlying pathophysiology. Previous studies investigating vocal effort and voice production have used a range of methods to quantify vocal effort. The goals of the current study were to use the Borg CR100 effort scale to (a) demonstrate the relation between vocal intensity or vocal level (dB) and tasked vocal effort goals and (b) investigate the repeated measure reliability of vocal level at tasked effort level goals.

Method
Three types of speech (automatic, read, and structured spontaneous) were elicited at four vocal effort level goals on the Borg CR100 scale (2, 13, 25, and 50) from 20 participants (10 females and 10 males).

Results
Participants' vocal level reliably changed approximately 5 dB between the elicited effort level goals; this difference was statistically significant and repeatable. Biological females produced a voice with consistently less intensity for a vocal effort level goal compared to biological males.

Conclusions
The results indicate the utility of the Borg CR100 in tracking effort in voice production that is repeatable with respect to vocal level (dB). Future research will investigate other metrics of voice production with the goal of understanding the mechanisms underlying vocal effort and the external environmental influences on the perception of vocal effort.
Frequency-Following Response in Newborns and Infants: A Systematic Review of Acquisition Parameters
Authors: Lemos Fabiana Aparecida , da Silva Nunes Aryelly Dayane , de Souza Evangelista Carolina Karla , Escera Carles , Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira , Balen Sheila Andreoli 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to characterize parameters used for frequency-following response (FFR) acquisition in children up to 24 months of age through a systematic review.

Method
The study was registered in PROSPERO and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses' recommendations. Search was performed in six databases (LILACS, LIVIVO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) and gray literature (Google Scholar, OpenGrey, ProQuest)as well as via manual searches in bibliographic references. Observational studies using speech stimuli to elicit the FFR in infants with normal hearing on the age range from 0 until 24 months were included. No restrictions regarding language and year of publication were applied. Risk of bias was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data on stimulus, presentation rate, time window for analysis, number of sweeps, artifact rejection, online filters, stimulated ear, and examination condition were extracted.

Results
Four hundred fifty-nine studies were identified. After removing duplicates and reading titles and abstracts, 15 articles were included. Seven studies were classified as low risk of bias, seven as moderate risk, and one as high risk.

Conclusions
There is a consensus in the use of some acquisition parameters of the FFR with speech stimulus, such as the vertical mounting, the use of alternating polarity, a sampling rate of 20000 Hz, and the /da/ synthesized syllable of 40 ms in duration as the preferred stimulus. Although these parameters show some consensus, the results disclosed lack of a single established protocol for FFR acquisition with speech stimulus in infants in the investigated age range.
Multibeam antenna using cavity‐based waveguide structure with extended hemispherical lens at millimetre wave
Authors: Chauhan Shakti Singh , Dalal Harikesh , Abegaonkar Mahesh P. , Basu Ananjan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA multibeam antenna with a single input port using a cavity‐based waveguide structure is implemented. The proposed structure uses a cylindrical cavity and a higher‐order TM21 mode is excited in it. The higher‐order mode is to divide the incoming power in three different directions. The beam in three different directions is confined by using a 3D‐printed extended hemispherical lens integrated at three openings at the cylindrical cavity. The proposed structure has measured an impedance bandwidth of 1.7 GHz from 56.9 to 58.6 GHz. The achieved beam directions for the proposed antenna structure is 0, 87 and 270°. The measured gain of the antenna for each beam directions is better than 12 dBi.
A wideband bandstop filter with two independently controllable equal‐ripple levels
Authors: Chen Hongyu , Wang Xiaolong , Lu Geyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this letter, a novel wideband bandstop filter with controllable equal‐ripple response is newly presented. The proposed topology consists of two cascaded transmission lines and three open‐circuited stubs, where, one two‐section OS is shunted between two transmission lines, two three‐section OSs are shunted at two output ports, respectively. By using the proposed design approach, both passband and stopband provide controllable equal‐ripple responses independently, where there are five transmission zeros and six reflection zeros in a single period of frequency domain. For demonstration, an experimental BSF centered at 2 GHz with 20‐dB FBW 129.5% and 30‐dB stopband rejection is designed and fabricated. The simulations and measurements agree with the design theory very well.
Cytotoxicity of chlorambucil immobilized on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles Fe3O4
Authors: Nowak‐Jary Julia , Machnicka Beata , Kozioł Jacek Juliusz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChlorambucil is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used for the treatment of various malignant and non‐malignant cancers. The use of the chemotherapeutic is limited by its toxic side effects which precludes the use of optimal doses. It was decided to investigate if the immobilization of chlorambucil on the magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 would increase its cytotoxicity toward chosen cancerous cell lines: ‘Jurkat’ and ‘Hut 78’. The drug was attached to the nanoparticles coated with (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. The obtained nanostructures were characterized using IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) technic. Zeta‐potential measurements at various pH were also carried out. The drug release studies showed that chlorambucil is released from the nanoparticles surface very effectively. The cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that chlorambucil immobilized on the magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 displays significantly higher cytotoxicity in comparison to its unbound form.
A universal automatic and self‐powered gate driver power supply for normally‐ON SiC JFETs
Authors: Giannakis Andreas , Peftitsis Dimosthenis 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNormally‐ON silicon carbide junction‐field‐effect transistors have a simple design and exhibit advantageous performance in terms of losses, elevated junction temperatures and high switching frequencies. However, under a loss of power to their gate, normally‐ON junction‐field‐effect transistors are subject to a shoot‐through situation, which might be severe for their survivability. This paper presents a universal concept for an automatic and self‐powered gate driver power supply circuit for normally‐ON silicon carbide junction‐field‐effect transistors employed in high input‐impedance circuits. The power to the gate is supplied during start‐up and steady‐state operations through a mutually coupled inductor with the high input impedance inductor and by employing a typical low‐voltage, power supply circuit. The performance of the proposed automatic and self‐powered gate driver was evaluated on a DC/DC boost converter rated at 6 kW, as well as in a low‐voltage solid‐state DC circuit breaker. From experiments it is shown that using the proposed circuit, the start‐up process requires approximately 350 s, while the steady‐state switching process of the junction‐field‐effect transistor during steady‐state is also shown. Using the proposed circuit in a low‐voltage solid‐state DC breaker, a fault current of 68 A is cleared within 155 s.
Dynamic compensation based feedforward control against output/input disturbance for LCL‐DAB DC–DC converter operated under no backflow power
Authors: Li Xiaoqiang , Li Mingxue , Zhao Hui , Yong Hui , Wu Xiaojie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLCL‐type resonant dual‐active‐bridge (LCL‐DAB) DC–DC converters have more significant advantages in eliminating backflow power and achieving higher voltage gain compared with traditional dual active bridge (DAB) DC–DC converters. Therefore, LCL‐DAB DC–DC converters have a broad application prospect in DC micro‐grids, electric vehicles, uninterruptible power supplies etc. Since at this stage only a few researches on LCL‐DAB DC–DC converters have been done, here, the specific system operation region with triple‐phase‐shift (TPS) modulation scheme designed under no backflow power is presented. Furthermore, a dynamic compensation based feedforward control method under no backflow power is proposed, which enables the LCL‐DAB DC–DC converter to operate under no backflow power in wide region and achieve outstanding dynamic performance against output/input disturbance. Finally, the experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Photodissociation of aliphatic PAH derivatives under relevant astrophysical conditions
Authors: Marciniak A. , Joblin C. , Mulas G. , Mundlapati V. Rao , Bonnamy A. 
Published: June 2021

Context. The interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons triggers the emission of the well-known aromatic infrared bands (AIBs), but other mechanisms, such as fragmentation, can be involved in this interaction. Fragmentation leads to selection effects that favor specific sizes and structures.
Aims. Our aim is to investigate the impact of aliphatic bonds on the VUV photostability of PAH cations in a cryogenic and collisionless environment with conditions applicable for photodissociation regions (PDRs).
Methods. The studied species are derived from pyrene (C16H10) and coronene (C24H12) and contain aliphatic bonds either in the form of methyl or ethyl sidegroups or of superhydrogenation. Their cations are produced by laser desorption ionization and isolated in the cryogenic ion cell of the PIRENEA setup, where they are submitted to VUV photons of 10.5 eV energy over long timescales (~1000 s). The parent and fragment ions are mass-analyzed and their relative intensities are recorded as a function of the irradiation time. The fragmentation cascades are analyzed with a simple kinetics model from which we identify fragmentation pathways and derive fragmentation rates and branching ratios for both the parents and their main fragments.
Results. Aliphatic PAH derivatives are found to have a higher fragmentation rate and a higher carbon to hydrogen loss compared to regular PAHs. On the other hand, the fragmentation of PAHs with alkylated sidegroups forms species with peripheral pentagonal cycles, which can be as stable as, or even more stable than, the bare PAH cations. This stability is quantified for the main ions involved in the fragmentation cascades by the comparison of the fragmentation rates with the photoabsorption rates derived from theoretical photoabsorption cross sections. The most stable species for which there is an effective competition of fragmentation with isomerization and radiative cooling are identified, providing clues on the structures favored in PDRs.
Conclusions. This work supports a scenario in which the evaporation of nanograins with a mixed aliphatic and aromatic composition followed by VUV photoprocessing results in both the production of the carriers of the 3.4 μm AIB by methyl sidegroups and in an abundant source of small hydrocarbons at the border of PDRs. An additional side effect is the efficient formation of stable PAHs that contain some peripheral pentagonal rings. Our experiments also support the role of isomerization processes in PAH photofragmentation, including the H-migration process, which could lead to an additional contribution to the 3.4 μm AIB.
Behandlung von Patientinnen mit frühem Mammakarzinom: Evidenz, Kontroversen, Konsens – Meinungsbild deutscher Expert*innen zur 17. Internationalen St.-Gallen-Konsensuskonferenz
Authors: Untch Michael , Fasching Peter A. , Brucker Sara Y. , Budach Wilfried , Denkert Carsten , Haidinger Renate , Huober Jens , Jackisch Christian , Janni Wolfgang , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Krug David , Kühn Thorsten , Loibl Sibylle , Lüftner Diana , Müller Volkmar , Schneeweiss Andreas , Thill Marc , Harbeck Nadia , Thomssen Christoph 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie diesjährige 17. St.-Gallen(SG)-Konsensus-Konferenz zur Behandlung von Patientinnen mit frühem Mammakarzinom (SG-BCC) stand unter dem Motto „Customizing local and systemic therapies for women with early breast cancer“ und fokussierte auf die Herausforderung, die Behandlung des frühen Mammakarzinoms zielgerichteter auf die individuelle Krankheitssituation zu adaptieren. Wie schon in den vergangenen Jahren hat auch dieses Jahr eine deutsche Arbeitsgruppe führender Brustkrebsexpert*innen die Ergebnisse der internationalen SG-BCC 2021 vor dem Hintergrund der deutschen Therapieempfehlungen für den Klinikalltag in Deutschland diskutiert. Der Vergleich der SG-Empfehlungen mit den erst kürzlich aktualisierten Therapieempfehlungen der Kommission Mamma der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie e. V. (AGO) sowie der S3-Leitlinie ist hilfreich, da sich das SG-BCC-Panel aus Experten unterschiedlicher Länder zusammensetzt, weshalb länderspezifische Besonderheiten in die SG-Empfehlungen einfließen können. Die deutschen Therapieempfehlungen der AGO sowie der S3-Leitlinie basieren auf der aktuellen Evidenz. Gleichwohl muss jede Therapieentscheidung immer einer Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung für die individuelle Situation unterzogen und mit der Patientin besprochen werden.
Artroscopia do ombro – Criação de um modelo de treinamento acessível
Authors: Dau Leonardo , Almeida Paula Adamo , Milcent Paul André Alain , Rosa Fernando Martins , Kulcheski Alynson Larocca , Stieven Filho Edmar 
Published: June 2021

ResumoO objetivo do presente trabalho é criar um modelo de treinamento em artroscopia de ombro de baixo custo abaixo de 100 dólares, tornando-o acessível à capacitação prática de estudantes de medicina e residentes. O modelo foi criado utilizando um cano de PVC de 150 mm de diâmetro em 90 graus e um modelo de ombro sintético. O posicionamento das peças foi disposto de forma a simular a posição de decúbito lateral com membro superior em tração, frequente nas artroscopias. Para auxiliar no treinamento, foram demarcados pontos coloridos na glenóide e foi confeccionado um modelo de parte do manguito rotador na porção superior da escápula. Foi possível confeccionar um modelo para treinamento de artroscopia do ombro com um valor abaixo de 100 dólares, de fácil manufatura, que pode ser um auxiliar no treinamento de cirurgiões.
Case Report of 3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Baby with Severe Microcephaly, Psychomotor Delay, and Seizures
Authors: Salleh Hafizah P. H. M. , Hussain Nahin , Rai Birendra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis is a case presentation of a patient with microcephaly, severe developmental delay, and refractory seizures who was found to have low levels of serum serine and glycine. Exome sequencing revealed a homozygous mutation in the 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency (PHGDH) gene at chromosome 1p12. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serine level was subsequently found to be low in keeping with the genetic diagnosis. L-glycine and L-serine supplements were started, which led to improvement in seizure burden. In this rare condition, seizure impact and psychomotor development can improve with supplementation of L-serine and L-glycine; therefore, timely diagnosis is crucial in the management of these patients. Our case also highlighted the role of molecular genetic testing in cases where CSF sampling is difficult, when there are typical clinical features of PHGDH. PHGDH is a rare disorder but should be considered in patients with microcephaly and refractory epilepsy as supplementation with serine may be beneficial.
Age-Related Effects on Right Femoral Bone of Male Wistar Rats: A Morphometric and Biomechanical Study
Authors: Puelker Sheila Martins , Ribeiro de Castro Sonia Regina , de Souza Romeu Rodrigues , Maifrino Laura Beatriz Mesiano , Nucci Ricardo Aparecido Baptista , Sitta Maria do Carmo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction Study of the variations of bone characteristics with age in different animal models is important to design musculoskeletal studies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the bone mass, dimensions, and biomechanical parameters of the femur in young, middle-aged, and aged Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods Thirty male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided in three groups (n = 10 per group)—3-month-old young rats, 12-month-old middle-aged rats, and 18-months-old aged rats. The right femurs were subjected sequentially to morphometric study (bone weight, cortical thickness) and biomechanical tests (maximum resistance strength and bone stiffness).
Results We observed a significant increase in femur histological (cortical thickness) and biomechanical (maximum strength and bone stiffness) parameters with aging when compared with young animals.
Conclusions With the advancing age, the right femoral bone of middle-aged and old animals had greater variations when compared with young animals. However, further studies with the aid of a comparison between right and left femur and other long bones in both male and female rats are needed to corroborate with our findings.
Foreign direct investment along the Belt and Road: A political economy perspective
Authors: Li Jiatao , Van Assche Ari , Li Lee , Qian Gongming 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn 2013, China launched its ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a large portfolio of infrastructure projects across 71 countries intended to link Eurasian markets by rail and sea. The state-led nature of the Initiative combined with its transformative geopolitical implications have conditioned the type of engagement that many governments and firms in host and third countries are willing to take in Chinese-funded BRI projects. Building on two theoretical streams that have originated in international political economy but have received growing attention in international business, varieties of capitalism and geopolitics, this perspective shows how a greater understanding of the institutional and geopolitical context surrounding BRI helps decipher the selection of host-country firms and third-country MNEs in Chinese-funded BRI projects. We portray firm selection in a BRI project as the outcome of a one-tier bargaining game between China and a host country. We show how institutions and geopolitics influence both the legitimacy gap of Chinese SOEs in a host country and the host country’s relative bargaining power, affecting the likelihood that host firms and third-country MNEs are selected in BRI projects. We also discuss the geopolitical jockeying strategies that these firms can adopt to influence the outcome of the bargaining game.
Superfluid liquid helium control for the primordial inflation polarization explorer balloon payload
Authors: Kogut A. , Essinger-Hileman T. , Switzer E. , Wollack E. , Fixsen D. , Lowe L. , Mirel P. 
Published: June 2021

The Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer (PIPER) is a stratospheric balloon payload to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Twin telescopes mounted within an open-aperture bucket dewar couple the sky to bolometric detector arrays. We reduce detector loading and photon noise by cooling the entire optical chain to 1.7 K or colder. A set of fountain-effect pumps sprays superfluid liquid helium onto each optical surface, producing helium flows of 50–100 cm3 s−1 at heights up to 200 cm above the liquid level. We describe the fountain-effect pumps and the cryogenic performance of the PIPER payload during two flights in 2017 and 2019.
ALS-linked PFN1 variants exhibit loss and gain of functions in the context of formin-induced actin polymerization
Authors: Schmidt Eric J. , Funes Salome , McKeon Jeanne E. , Morgan Brittany R. , Boopathy Sivakumar , O’Connor Lauren C. , Bilsel Osman , Massi Francesca , Jégou Antoine , Bosco Daryl A. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Mutations in profilin-1 (PFN1), an actin-binding protein, cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through an unknown mechanism. Here, we carried out a series of biophysical and cell biological analyses to investigate the effects of ALS-linked mutations on PFN1 function. We found that some moderately misfolded ALS-linked variants bind certain formin proteins with higher affinity and also promote enhanced formin-mediated actin polymerization. Mutation-induced flexibility within actin- and polyproline-binding regions of PFN1 may underlie these phenotypes. However, severe misfolding of PFN1 leads to loss of function with respect to formin-mediated actin polymerization. Our results indicate that ALS-linked PFN1 perturbs actin dynamics, but the mechanism by which this perturbation occurs appears dependent upon the thermodynamic stability of the mutant protein.