bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unclear Retroperitoneal Tumors, an Interdisciplinary Challenge – A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Traub Benno , Haggemüller Benedikt , Baumann Lisa , Lemke Johannes , Henne-Bruns Doris , Wittau Mathias 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUnclear retroperitoneal tumors still impose major challenges for clinicians. Tumors can originate primarily from retroperitoneal tissue or secondarily invade into the retroperitoneal space. While benign lesions also occur, malignant tumors are far more common. Clinical presentation often depends on replacement or invasion of other organs and is therefore highly variable. The heterogeneous tumor composition makes a definitive preoperative diagnosis difficult. Nevertheless, surgical resection is the gold standard for treatment but often proves challenging due to frequent involvement of large retroperitoneal vessels.Case presentationWe present a case report of a 70-year old woman diagnosed with a large, unclear retroperitoneal tumor. Initial clinical symptoms were increasing dyspnea and dysphagia in our clinic. Gastroenterologic and cardiologic workup was unremarkable. Computed Tomography (CT) revealed a large retroperitoneal mass in the right upper abdomen with severe displacement of the inferior vena cava and renal veins. Without signs of irresectability, the patient was scheduled for tumor resection. The procedure was challenging due to the vessel involvement and large blood pressure alterations during tumor mobilization. The post-op pathologic workup then revealed the rare finding of a completely resected paraganglioma. The post-surgical course was uneventful. One year after diagnosis, the patient is relapse-free.CconclusionThis case impressively shows the challenges of retroperitoneal tumors and the importance of interdisciplinary work in these cases.
Material Scarcity and Unethical Economic Behavior: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Elbaek Christian , Mitkidis Panagiotis , Aarøe Lene , Otterbring Tobias 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Individuals around the globe experience different forms of material resource scarcity in terms of aspects such as hunger, thirst, or financial strains. As experiences of material scarcity have been found to make individuals more risk-taking, impulsive, and focused on regaining resources in the short-term, a growing body of research has investigated how such scarcity affects moral economic behavior. Yet, findings remain mixed and at times contradictory, thus calling for a systematic meta-analytical review on this overarching topic. In this pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively how material resource scarcity affects moral economic behavior. We analyze a comprehensive dataset including 44 published and unpublished studies comprising a total of 6,921 respondents across four distinct types of material scarcity: financial scarcity, physiological scarcity, scarcity reminders, and lower social class. Our findings show that acute scarcity significantly increases the propensity to engage in unethical economic behavior (gfinancial = .24, gphysiological = .39, greminders = .32). Importantly, we find no evidence that chronic experiences of scarcity in the form of low social class affect unethical economic behavior (gsocial class = .02). These results appear robust to the influence of publication bias and contextual sensitivity. We discuss how these findings advance our understanding of the psychological and moral consequences of scarcity and elaborate on implications for public policy.
Clinical course and outcome of differentiated thyroid cancer patients with pregnancy after diagnosis of distant metastasis
Authors: Yamazaki Haruhiko , Sugino Kiminori , Noh Jaeduk Yoshimura , Katoh Ryohei , Matsuzu Kenichi , Masaki Chie , Akaishi Junko , Hames Kiyomi Yamada , Tomoda Chisato , Suzuki Akifumi , Ohkuwa Keiko , Kitagawa Wataru , Nagahama Mitsuji , Rino Yasushi , Ito Koichi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
There is no sufficient data about the clinical course and outcome in thyroid cancer patients who become pregnant after diagnosis of distant metastasis (DM). The current study was conducted to collect information regarding the clinical and reproductive characteristics, and outcomes in thyroid cancer patients who became pregnant after being diagnosed with DM.
Methods
Records of 125 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients with age ≤ 45 years at DM diagnosis who had visited Ito Hospital from January 2005 to June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Among those 125 patients, 28 who became pregnant after DM diagnosis were classified as pregnant group, and the remained 97 patients were classified as comparator group.
Results
In pregnant group, the median age at malignancy diagnosis, DM diagnosis, and first pregnancy after DM diagnosis was 25 years (range, 4–41 years), 27 years (range, 11–41 years), and 32 years (range, 25–45 years), respectively. Fifty-five pregnancies and 40 live births were reported. Three patients had live births by embryo transfer. Other pregnancy outcomes were miscarriage (n = 14) and induced abortion (n = 1). No one died during the follow-up period in this study. The 10-year progression free survival (PFS) rates of pregnant and comparator group were 92.1% and 74.4%, respectively.
Conclusion
DTC patients who became pregnant after DM diagnosis had good survival. Our results add to the information required for counseling thyroid cancer patients who have concerns about their fertility in the future.
Zinc Transporter ZIP12 Maintains Zinc Homeostasis and Protects Spermatogonia From Oxidative Stress During Spermatogenesis
Authors: Zhu Xinye , Yu Chengxuan , Wu Wangshu , Shi Lei , Jiang Chenyi , Wang Li , Ding Zhide , Liu Yue 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Overwhelming evidences now suggest oxidative stress is a major cause of sperm dysfunction and male infertility. Zinc is an important non-enzyme antioxidant with a wide range of biological functions and plays a significant role in preserving male fertility. Notably, zinc trafficking through the cellular and intracellular membrane is endorsed by precise families of zinc transporters, i.e. SLC39s/ZIPs and SLC30s/ZnTs. However, the expression and function of zinc transporters in the male germ cells were rarely reported. The aim of this study is to determine the crucial zinc transporter responsible for the maintenance of spermatogenesis.Methods: In the present study, we investigated the expression of all fourteen ZIP members in mouse testis and further analyzed the characteristic of ZIP12 expression in testis and spermatozoa by qRT-PCR, immunoblot and immunohistochemistry analyses. To explore the antioxidant role of ZIP12 in spermatogenesis, an obese mouse model fed with high-fat-diet was employed to confirm the correlation between ZIP12 expression level and sperm quality. Furthermore, ZIP12 expression in response to oxidative stress in a spermatogonia cell line, C18-4 cells, was determined and its function involved in regulating cell viability and apoptosis was investigated by RNAi experiment. Results: We initially found that ZIP12 expression in mouse testis was significantly high compared to other members of ZIPs and its mRNA and protein were intensively expressed in testis rather than the other tissues. Importantly, ZIP12 was intensively abundant in spermatogonia and spermatozoa, both in mice and humans. Moreover, ZIP12 expression in testis significantly decreased in obese mice, which associated with reduced sperm zinc content, excessive sperm ROS, poor sperm quality and male subfertility. Similarly, its expression in C18-4 cells significantly declined in response to oxidative stress. Additionally, reduced ZIP12 expression by RNAi associated with a decline in zinc level subsequently caused low cell viability and high cell apoptosis in C18-4 cells. Conclusions: The zinc transporter ZIP12 is intensively expressed in testis, especially in spermatogonia and spermatozoa. ZIP12 may play a key role in maintaining intracellular zinc level in spermatogonia and spermatozoa, by which it resists oxidative stress during spermatogenesis and therefore preserves male fertility.
The Effect of Caregiver Key Opinion Leaders on Increasing Caregiver Demand for Evidence-Based Practices to Treat Youth Anxiety: Protocol for A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Crane Margaret , Atkins Marc S. , Becker Sara J. , Purtle Jonathan , Olino Thomas M. , Kendall Philip C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Research has identified cognitive behavioral therapy with exposures (CBT) as an effective treatment for youth anxiety. However, despite implementation efforts, few anxious youth receive CBT. Direct-to-consumer marketing offers a different approach to address unmet need for effective. Involving a local caregiver key opinion leader to direct-to-consumer initiatives may be an effective strategy to increase caregiver demand for CBT. Research indicates that key opinion leaders improve health promotion campaigns, but key opinion leaders have not been studied in the context of increasing caregiver demand for evidence-based treatments.Method: Project CHAT (Caregivers Hearing about Anxiety Treatments) will test the role of key opinion leader participation in conducting outreach presentations to increase caregiver desire to seek EBPs for their youth’s anxiety. Caregiver attendees (N = 180) will be cluster-randomized by school to receive one of two different approaches for presentations on EBPs for youth anxiety. Both approaches will involve community outreach presentations providing information about (a) youth anxiety, (b) effective treatments for youth anxiety, and (c) seeking CBT for youth anxiety. The researcher-only condition will be co-facilitated by two researchers. In the key opinion leader condition, a caregiver key opinion leader from each local community will be involved in tailoring the content of the presentation to the context of the community, co-facilitating the presentation with a researcher, and endorsing strategies in the presentation that they have found to be helpful. In line with the theory of planned behavior, caregiver attendees will complete measures assessing their knowledge of, attitudes towards, perceived subjective norms about, and intention to seek CBT pre- and post-presentation; they will indicate whether they sought CBT for their youth at a three-month follow-up. Results will be analyzed using a mixed method approach to assess the effectiveness of a key opinion leader to increase caregiver demand for CBT.Discussion: This study will be the first to examine the potential of key opinion leaders to increase caregiver demand for CBT. If proven effective, the use of key opinion leaders could serve as a scalable dissemination strategy to increase the reach of evidence-based treatments. Trial registration: This trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04929262) on June 18, 2021. At the time of trial registration, pre/post presentation data had been collected from 17 participants; thus, it was retrospectively registered.
LncRNA LYPLAL1-DT in Type 2 Diabetes With Macrovascular Complication Contributes Protective Effects on Endothelial Cells via Regulating the miR-204-5p/SIRT1 Axis
Authors: Zhu Xiao , Liu Yihan , Cui Jia , Lv Jianyi , Li Changlong , Lu Jing , Huo Xueyun , Dou Jingtao , Chen Zhenwen , Du Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in diabetes related diseases. However, the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes with macrovascular complication (DMC) has seldomly been recognized. This study aimed to screen lncRNA profiles of leukocytes from DMC patients in order to explore the protective role of lncRNA LYPLAL1-DT in endothelial cells (EC) under high glucose (HG) and inflammatory conditions (IS).Methods: RNA sequencing was performed for critically pair-grouped blood samples of DMC patients and healthy control. Then the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs from circulating leukocytes were identified. Real-time PCR analyses were used to select the DE-lncRNAs within expanding cohorts. CCK8, transwell, Western blot, dual-luciferase system, and RIP were used to investigate the influence and molecular mechanisms of validated DE-lncRNAs in EC under HG and IS conditions. RNA sequencing was also used to identify DE-lncRNAs in exosomes isolated from the DMC serum and healthy control. Results: A total of 477 DE-lncRNAs were identified between DMC and healthy control. The enrichment and pathway analysis showed that most of them belonged to inflammatory, metabolic, and vascular diseases. A set of 12 of the 16 lncRNAs was validated as significant DE-lncRNAs in expanding cohorts. Furthermore, these DE-lncRNAs were shown to be significantly related to hypoxia, high glucose, and TNF-α stimulus (IS) in EC with an apparent metabolic memory of high glucose, especially novel lncRNA LYPLAL1-DT. LYPLAL1-DT overexpression results in the promotion of proliferation, migration of EC, as well as an elevation of autophagy under HG, and IS conditions. Overexpressed LYPLAL1-DT reduces the adhesion of monocytes to EC, boosts anti-inflammation, and suppresses inflammatory molecules secreted in the medium. Mechanistically, LYPLAL1-DT acts as ceRNA by downregulating miR-204-5p, therefore enhancing SIRT1 and protecting EC autophagy function; thus, alleviating apoptosis. Finally, exosome sequencing revealed LYPLAL1-DT expression was 4 times lower in DMC cells than in healthy samples. Conclusion: We identified 12 DE-lncRNAs related to DMC. Out of the 12 DE-lncRNAs lncRNA LYPLAL1-DT was identified to have protective effects on EC as ceRNA mediated through the miR-204-5p/SIRT1 pathway. Therefore, it inhibits the autophagy of EC as well as modulating systemic inflammation. This approach could be regarded as a new potential therapeutic target in DMC.
High Myosin Binding Protein H Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Glioma Patients
Authors: Yan Yujin , Zhang Jianfei , Guo Qianqiao , Zhang Guoxiang , Cao Xuemei , Li Yong , Guan Minwu , Yu Jianjun , Wang Xindong , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Glioma is the most common and fatal primary brain tumor in humans. Myosin binding protein H (MYBPH), which was first identified as an important myofibrillar constituent of vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles, reduces cell motility and metastasis. However, its role in gliomas remains unclear. We evaluated the expression of MYBPH in glioma using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (https://www.cgga.org.cn/). The results showed that MYBPH was highly expressed in glioma tissues. Moreover, MYBPH expression was significantly associated with high tumor aggressiveness and poor outcomes in glioma patients. Mechanistically, the results suggested that MYBPH might promote tumor progression by improving tumor invasion and migration. Our results establish MYBPH as an important prognostic biomarker that could be considered a potential epigenetic and immunotherapeutic target for treatment. We showed that MYBPH is a novel biomarker that is variably expressed in glioblastoma (GBM). The association of high MYBPH expression with poor prognosis in newly diagnosed GBM patients and increased expression in recurrent GBM is indicative of its role in tumor aggressiveness.
The Differences in Distant Metastatic Patterns and Their Corresponding Survival Between Thyroid Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Vuong Huy Gia , Le Minh-Khang , Hassell Lewis , Kondo Tetsuo , Kakudo Kennichi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Distant metastasis (DM) at presentation is one of the important prognostic factors in thyroid cancers. Dissemination patterns of different thyroid cancer subtypes are still controversial. This study aimed to systematically elucidate the metastatic patterns and their corresponding survival of each thyroid cancer subtype at time of diagnosis. Methods: We accessed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010-2018 to search for primary thyroid cancers with DM at presentation (M1). Results: We included 2,787 M1 thyroid cancers for statistical analyses and the incidence of DM at presentation was 2.4%. Lung was the most common metastatic site for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), poorly-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and oncocytic (Hurthle) cell carcinoma (HCC) whereas bone is the favorable disseminated site of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). The risk of liver metastasis was highest in MTC while metastases to the brain were uncommon among thyroid cancer subtypes. Among M1 thyroid cancers, ATC showed the worst outcome while PTC and FTC exhibited a superior survival. Patients with multi-organ metastases had the worst survival whereas bone metastases were associated with a favorable outcome (p < 0.001). We identified significant risk factors associated with multi-organ metastases including non-Caucasian race, large tumor diameter, ATC/FTC/MTC histology, and unifocality. Conclusion: There are significant differences in DM patterns of thyroid cancer subtypes and their corresponding survival. These clinical data could be useful for clinicians to better evaluate risk stratification and predict patient outcomes.
WITHDRAWN: Accuracy of Models Obtained from Digital Impressions Versus Scanning of Conventional Impressions
Authors: Elkersh Noha M. , A.Fahmy Rania , Zayet Mohamed K. , Gaweesh Yousria S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Digital workflow has invaded the different dental specialities. It includes some steps, the first of them is the scan process and dental modelling. Many methods are available for digital model fabrication. Therefore, the aim of this in vivo study to assess and compare the accuracy of 3-dimensional (3D) digital dental models obtained from scanning of conventional impressions versus models from digital impressions.
Materials and Methods
Three-dimensional digital model files were obtained in vivo from three different methods including scanning of impressions by both Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) machine (Veraview x800, JMorita) and desktop scanner (Smart optics, Vinyl Open Air). The same volunteers have received digital impressions by an intraoral scanner (CS3600). Six linear measurements were measured in each Stereolithography (STL) model and compared with direct calliper measurements. Additionally, STL files from the three systems were paired and superimposed using a best-fit algorithm in a 3D modelling software. Mean deviations between the STL shells were calculated by the software and color maps were obtained for visual analysis. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to determine the intra-examiner reliability. Paired t-test, ANOVA with repeated measures and Post Hoc test (Bonferroni adjusted) were used in the statistical analysis. Significance of the obtained results was judged at the 5% level.
Results
The linear measurements and 3D deviation analysis revealed significant differences in some measurements but were considered clinically accepted. Digital models obtained from laser scanning of the impressions revealed the least mean differences from the gold standard ranging from (-0.24 to 0.01 mm), while CBCT scanning of the impressions mean differences ranged from (0.16 to -0.04 mm). IOS revealed the highest mean differences ranging from (0.11 to 0.33 mm).
Conclusion
Scanning the impression with a desktop scanner provided the highest accuracy in full arch scans followed by scanning with CBCT but with decreased surface texture of the 3D mesh. While intraoral scanners showed the least accuracy for full arch scans up till now and need further improvement in their technology. All techniques can be applied in clinical practice providing the use of high quality machines.
Host Preference and Seasonal Variation in The Colonization of Tubakia s.l. Associated with Evergreen Oak Species in Eastern Japan
Authors: MATSUMURA EMI , Morinaga Kenta , Fukuda Kenji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Foliar fungal endophytes are ubiquitous and hyperdiverse, and tend to be host-specific among dominant forest tree species. The genus Tubakia s.l. comprises foliar pathogens and endophytes that exhibit host preference for Quercus and other Fagaceae species. To clarify interspecific differences in ecological characteristics among Tubakia species, we examined the endophyte communities of seven evergreen Quercus spp. at three sites in eastern Japan during summer and winter. We also compared their spore germination rates at different temperatures. Host tree species was the most significant factor affecting endophyte community composition. The Tubakia species found at the study sites were divided into five specialists and three generalists according to their host ranges. Specialists were dominant on their own host in summer, and their dominance declined in winter. In contrast, generalist Tubakia species 3 became dominant in some tree species in winter. This seasonal variation in Tubakia species dominance was consistent with their cold tolerance, which was evaluated in spore germination tests. This is the first study to report ecological differentiation among endophytic fungal species within a genus.
Variation in Water Supply Leads to Different Responses of Tree Growth to Warming
Authors: Zheng Pengfei , Wang Dandan , Yu Xinxiao , Jia Guodong , Liu Ziqiang , Wang Yusong , Zhang Yonge 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Global climate change, which includes changes in precipitation, prolonged growing seasons, and drought stress caused by overall climate warming, is putting increased pressure on forest ecosystems globally. Understanding the impact of climate change on drought-prone forests is a key objective in assessing forest responses to climate change.Results: In this study, we assessed tree growth trends and changes in physiological activity under climate change based on patterns in tree rings and stable isotopes. Additionally, structural equation models were used to analyze the climate drivers influencing tree growth, with several key results. (1) The climate in the study area showed a trend of warming and drying, with the growth of tree section areas decreasing first and then increasing, while the water use efficiency showed a steady increase. (2) The effects of climate warming on tree growth in the study area have transitioned from negative to positive. The gradual advance of the growing season and the supply of snowmelt water in the early critical period of the growing season are the key factors underlying the reversal of the sensitivity of trees to climate. (3) Variation in water supply has led to different responses of tree growth to warming, and the growth response of Pinus tabuliformis to temperature rise was closely related to increased water availability.Conclusions: Our study indicates that warming is not the cause of forest decline, and instead, drought caused by warming is the main factor causing this change. If adequate water is available during critical periods of the growing season, boreal forests may be better able to withstand rising temperatures and even exhibit increased growth during periods of rising temperatures, forming stronger carbon sinks. However, in semi-arid regions, where water supply is limited, continued warming could lead to reduced forest growth and even death, which would dramatically reduce carbon sinks in arid ecosystems.