bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asset Specificity, Corporate Protection and Trade Policy: Firm-Level Evidence from Antidumping Petitions in Nineteen Jurisdictions
Authors: Egerod Benjamin C. K. , Justesen Mogens K. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis letter provides firm-level evidence that policy makers tailor trade policy to suit selected firms. It argues that firms with higher levels of specific assets find it more costly to reorganize production, and are hurt more by international competition. In response, policy makers grant more trade protection to firms with fixed assets. Since protectionism is costly, firms compete for it, which creates diffusion dynamics in which the protection granted to one firm affects the protection granted to others. This claim is tested utilizing the special role antidumping duties (ADDs) play in international trade, and combining petitions for ADDs with financial data on the firms filing them in a unique dataset. Using spatial autoregressive models, the authors find that firms with specific assets are granted more protection. However, diffusion dynamics differ within and between groups of firms producing the same good. This suggests that firms can partly shape their own level of trade protection.
Grain-filling of superior spikelets and inferior spikelets for japonica rice under low-amplitude warming regime in lower reaches of Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Dou Zhi , Zhang Haixiang , Chen Wenzhu , Li Ganghua , Liu Zhenghui , Ding Chengqiang , Chen Lin , Wang Shaohua , Ding Yanfeng , Tang She 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGrain-filling, as the final growth stage of rice, is sensitive to environmental temperature change. Previous studies mainly concerned about the effects of high temperature stress during grain-filling on rice growth, and most experiments were carried out with pot for cultivating rice and greenhouse for warming. This research investigated the response of rice grain-filling of superior spikelets (SS) and inferior spikelets (IS) of two japonica cultivars to elevated temperature during grain-filling stage under open-field warming conditions in lower reaches of Yangtze River Basin using free-air temperature enhancement facility. Results indicated that rice yield was not significantly changed by warming less than 4°C. SS and IS showed different responses to elevated temperature during the grain-filling stage, whereas there were similar trends between two cultivars and years. For SS, although elevated temperature enhanced its filling rate during the early grain-filling period, and caused a shorter grain-filling period and a lighter grain weight; for IS, elevated temperature improved its grain weight by enhancing its filling rate during middle and late grain-filling period due to the increased number of days with suitable temperature. For both SS and IS, key starch biosynthesis enzymes and indole-3-acetic acid content exhibited generally a similar dynamics trend with grain-filling rates, and these sink strength parameters presented higher levels under elevated temperature relative to natural temperature for IS during middle and late grain-filling period. Consequently, warming less than 4°C presented different influences on SS and IS; the improvement of IS filling under warming regime was associated with the intensification of grain sink strength.
Low-tillering winter wheat cultivars are more adaptable to late sowing
Authors: Yin Lijun , Zhang Chengxiang , Liu Kaizhen , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlobal warming increases the risk of pests and weeds before wintering, and decreases the grain yield of winter wheat. Therefore, the sowing date should be delayed properly. But the variety of winter wheat that can adapt to late sowing remains unclear. Here, we selected two winter wheat cultivars and evaluated four sowing date treatments on 1 October (early sowing), 8 (normal sowing), 15 (late sowing) and 22 (latest sowing) over two wheat-growing seasons at the experimental Station of Shandong Agricultural University (35°96′N, 117°06′E), Daiyue District, Taian, Shandong, China. We examined the effects of sowing date on a few traits, and found that, compared with normal sowing, though spike number decreased, grain yield was maintained above 9300 kg/ha under late and latest sowing. The main reason was that the more accumulated N from jointing to anthesis resulted in a higher grain number per spike. The higher net photosynthetic rate after anthesis, through optimizing N distribution in the canopy and increasing Rubisco content of flag leaves, improved dry matter accumulation rate and contribution ratio of vegetative organs, ultimately, ensured consistent grain weight. The grain yield of high-tillering winter wheat cultivars decreased from 9370 to 8346 kg/ha. The main reason was that spike number, accumulated N from jointing to anthesis and net photosynthetic rate decreased significantly, which reduced the dry matter accumulation rate, and only satisfied less grains to achieve consistent grain weight. Therefore, low-tillering winter wheat cultivars are more adaptable to late sowing, and can reduce the harm of global warming.
An application of Systematic Anomalous Case Analysis to improve models predicting contraceptive use in the Philippines
Authors: Narasimhan Subasri , Gipson Jessica D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAmidst persistently high unintended pregnancy rates and lags in contraceptive use, novel methodological approaches may prove useful in investigating sexual and reproductive health outcomes in the Philippines. Systematic Anomalous Case Analysis (SACA) – a mixed-methods technique – was employed to examine predictors of women’s lifetime contraceptive use. First, multivariable, longitudinal Poisson regression models predicted fertility and sexual debut using the 1998–2009 Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Surveys (CLHNS), then regression outliers and normative cases were used to identify 48 participants for in-depth interviews (2013–2014) for further examination. Qualitative findings from 24 women highlighted ‘control over life circumstances’ was critical, prompting the addition of two items to the original quantitative models predicting any contraceptive use (n=532). Each of the items, ‘what happens to [them] is their own doing’ and ‘[I] do not [have] enough control over direction life is taking [me]’, significantly and independently predicted any contraceptive use (aOR: 2.37 (CI: 1.24–4.55) and aOR: 0.46 (CI: 0.28–0.77), respectively). The findings demonstrate the utility of SACA to improve the understanding and measurement of sexual and reproductive health outcomes and underscore the importance of integrating psychosocial constructs into existing models of fertility and reproductive behaviour in the Philippines to improve sexual and reproductive health outcomes.
Description of a new species ofAuriculostoma(Digenea: Allocreadiidae) fromCharacidium heirmostigmata(Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data
Authors: Montes M.M. , Barneche J. , Croci Y. , Balcazar D. , Almirón A. , Martorelli S. , Pérez-Ponce de León G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDuring a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genusAuriculostomawere collected from the intestine ofCharacidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis.Auriculostoma guacurariin. sp. resembles four congeneric species –Auriculostoma diagonale,Auriculostoma platense,Auriculostoma ticaandAuriculostoma totonacapanensis– in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from bothA. diagonaleandA. platenseby the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); fromA. ticaby a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and fromA. totonacapanensisby the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen ofAuriculostomacf.stenopterifrom the characidCharax stenopterus(Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed thatA. guacurariin. sp. clustered withA. ticaand these two as sister taxa toA.cf.stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.
Does genetic variation on the shy–bold continuum influence carnivore attacks on people? Evidence from the brown bear
Authors: Blanco Juan C. , Palomero Guillermo , López-Bao José V. , Ballesteros Fernando 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLittle is known about the heritable behavioural traits of attacks by large carnivores on people. During the last 30 years attacks by brown bears Ursus arctos on people in the Cantabrian Mountains of Spain have been disproportionately concentrated in the eastern subpopulation. Excluding factors such as the existence of a single unusually bold bear, a higher human population density, particular human activities promoting encounters, or clear habitat differences in the area of this subpopulation, we propose that a plausible explanation for the unbalanced geographical attack pattern is that this subpopulation, separated a century earlier from the western subpopulation, may harbour a higher proportion of bolder bears. In the absence of genetic analyses this explanation remains speculative, but supports the hypothesis that genetic variation on the shy–bold continuum may influence attacks of large carnivores on people.
“Ibizagate”: Capturing a Political Field in Flux
Authors: Karner Christian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe “Ibiza affair,” a succession of scandals triggered by undercover recordings of the FPÖ's former head, Heinz-Christian Strache, in compromising discussions with a purported Russian oligarch's niece has profoundly altered Austria's political landscape and public debates. This article offers a historically contextualized analysis of the multiple voices and competing truth claims articulated by diverse actors in the course of the scandal's fallout. Empirically, this discussion offers a systematic analysis of political and media discourses focused on “Ibiza” between May 2019 and June 2020. Conceptually, the argument builds on Michel Foucault's approach outlined in I, Pierre Rivière and its subsequent applications within nationalism studies. This analysis thus examines data through the questions as to who speaks about the event in question, how they do so, what is being claimed and disputed, and which political strategies and trajectories this enables. The competing, partly shifting positions revealed are the following: Strache's initial regret that soon turned to a self-ascribed “victim-cum-martyr” status; the FPÖ's distancing and eventual rupture from its long-standing Bundesparteiobmann; the Kronen Zeitung's attempted ideological repositioning; the ÖVP's need and opportunity to shift its positions vis-à-vis its political competitors; and critical voices calling for far-reaching structural changes. With the full facts behind the scandal still to be established, the (post-Foucauldian) approach applied here captures the contestations, (new) fault lines, and (shifting) political boundaries constitutive of a discursive field in a crisis context.
COVID-19 research priorities for non-pharmaceutical public health and social measures
Authors: Semenza Jan C. , Adlhoch Cornelia , Baka Agoritsa , Broberg Eeva , Cenciarelli Orlando , De Angelis Stefania , Einoder-Moreno Margot , Dalmau Irina Jovel Quinonez , Kinross Pete , Kinsman John , Leitmeyer Katrin , Melidou Angeliki , Needham Howard , Plachouras Diamantis , Robesyn Emmanuel , Rosales-Klintz Senia , Suk Jonathan E. , Suetens Carl , Weist Klaus , Würz Andrea , Penttinen Pasi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Europe is in the midst of a COVID-19 epidemic and a number of non-pharmaceutical public health and social measures have been implemented, in order to contain the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. These measures are fundamental elements of the public health approach to controlling transmission but have proven not to be sufficiently effective. Therefore, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control has conducted an assessment of research gaps that can help inform policy decisions regarding the COVID-19 response. We have identified research gaps in the area of non-pharmaceutical measures, physical distancing, contact tracing, transmission, communication, mental health, seasonality and environment/climate, surveillance and behavioural aspects of COVID-19. This prioritisation exercise is a step towards the global efforts of developing a coherent research road map in coping with the current epidemic but also developing preparedness measures for the next unexpected epidemic.
The politics of everyday life: urban materialities, modernity and conflictual interactions on two Danish mass housing estates in the 1970s
Authors: Høghøj Mikkel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article explores the relations between everyday life, materiality and urban modernity on two Danish mass housing estates, the Gellerup Plan and Vollsmose, in the 1970s. Specifically, the article examines a series of conflicts concerning the residents’ use and misuse of seemingly mundane material devices, including shopping trolleys, waste disposal and laundry facilities. In doing so, the article argues that the residents’ daily engagements with everyday materialities and technologies constitute a privileged, yet overlooked, point of entry into the shifting relations between modernity, materiality and agency in the Danish welfare city in the 1970s.
A new discovered gene mutation in a child with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Xie Yewei , Li Xiaobing , Gong Jin , Shen Li , Zhang Rufang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDilated cardiomyopathy is characterised by dilatation and impaired contraction of the left ventricle or both ventricles, which is the most common childhood cardiomyopathy. In recent years, it has been recognised that many sorts of genetic mutations may contribute to dilated cardiomyopathy. We now report a rare association of dilated cardiomyopathy with site mutation of BMPR2 gene. We did not find such an association reported in the medical literature.
Prehospital Intubations Are Associated with Elevated Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressures: A Cross-Sectional Study Characterizing ETT Cuff Pressures at a Tertiary Care Emergency Department
Authors: Chen Ruo S. , O’Connor Laurel , Rebesco Matthew R. , LaBarge Kara L. , Remotti Edgar J. , Tennyson Joseph C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroduction:Emergency Medical Services (EMS) providers are trained to place endotracheal tubes (ETTs) in the prehospital setting when indicated. Endotracheal tube cuffs are traditionally inflated with 10cc of air to provide adequate seal against the tracheal lumen. There is literature suggesting that many ETTs are inflated well beyond the accepted safe pressures of 20-30cmH2O, leading to potential complications including ischemia, necrosis, scarring, and stenosis of the tracheal wall. Currently, EMS providers do not routinely check ETT cuff pressures. It was hypothesized that the average ETT cuff pressure of patients arriving at the study site who were intubated by EMS exceeds the safe pressure range of 20-30cmH2O.Objectives:While ETT cuff inflation is necessary to close the respiratory system, thus preventing air leaks and aspiration, there is evidence to suggest that over-inflated ETT cuffs can cause long-term complications. The purpose of this study is to characterize the cuff pressures of ETTs placed by EMS providers.Methods:This project was a single center, prospective observational study. Endotracheal tube cuff pressures were measured and recorded for adult patients intubated by EMS providers prior to arrival at a large, urban, tertiary care center over a nine-month period. All data were collected by respiratory therapists utilizing a cuff pressure measurement device which had a detectable range of 0-100cmH2O and was designed as a syringe. Results including basic patient demographics, cuff pressure, tube size, and EMS service were recorded.Results:In total, 45 measurements from six EMS services were included with ETT sizes ranging from 6.5-8.0mm. Mean patient age was 52.2 years (67.7% male). Mean cuff pressure was 81.8cmH2O with a range of 15 to 100 and a median of 100. The mode was 100cmH2O; 40 out of 45 (88.9%) cuff pressures were above 30cmH2O. Linear regression showed no correlation between age and ETT cuff pressure or between ETT size and cuff pressure. Two-tailed T tests did not show a significant difference in the mean cuff pressure between female versus male patients.Conclusion:An overwhelming majority of prehospital intubations are associated with elevated cuff pressures, and cuff pressure monitoring education is indicated to address this phenomenon.
Near-term impact of climate variability on yam rot incidence over a humid tropical region: projections in CORDEX-Africa scenarios
Authors: Okoro Ugochukwu K. , Akalazu Jacinta N. , Nwulu Nobert C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe global population is projected to be enormous by the mid-21st century, whereas, most essential crops being sustained by the rain-fed agriculture are threatened by climate change. Therefore, the study investigated the projected near-future effect of rainfall variability on rot incidence and yam production in humid tropical Nigeria. Production data from the Food and Agriculture Organization and the Nigeria National Bureau of Statistics showed the significant increasing trend in the annual yam output. The field survey conducted in 2018 showed that the maximum percentage of rot incidence occurred in July. Climate Research Unit observational rainfall data from 1979 to 2018 showed the nonsignificant trend in the interannual rainfall variability; however, it showed low variability and a significant decreasing trend in the July rainfall. A pathogenicity test on yam samples confirmed rot by fungi, bacteria and nematodes as virulent pathogens, whereas, the nutritional qualities of the rotted yams were indicated. Monthly rainfall and rot incidence showed positive correlation (r = 0.84, significant at 99% from t-test). The positive characteristic impact values indicated that increase (decrease) in the monthly rainfall corresponds to increase (decrease) in the magnitude of monthly percentage rot incidence. Thus, the significantly decreasing rainfall reduced the quantity of rot incidence and consequently increased the annual yam production for the period. Selected CoOrdinated Regional Downscaling EXperiment-Africa models and the ensemble mean showed a good measure of agreement with observational rainfall in the historical experiments. The efficiencies of the bias-corrected outputs in the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 indicated improved ‘reasonable’ performances. Bias-corrected projections of the July rainfall showed an increasing trend in both the RCPs, which indicate a potential increase in rot incidence and the consequent decline in annual yam production. The findings are imperative in sustaining the global food supply.
The ‘last mile’ for climate data supporting local adaptation
Authors: Celliers Louis , Costa María Máñez , Williams David Samuel , Rosendo Sergio 
Published: April 2021

Non-technical summary
The ‘last mile’ is a transportation planning term that describes the movement of people and goods from a transportation hub to a final destination; a local place such as a home or a shop. This is the final step of the logistics process that unites the product with its new owner. We present and explain challenges of science-guided adaptation at the local level, and how this is an equivalent ‘last mile’ challenge for climate adaptation.

Technical summary
The ‘last mile’ issue, a term used in transportation planning, describes the movement of people and goods from a transportation hub to a final destination, a local place such as a home or a shop. This is the critical final step of the logistics process that unites the product with its new owner, and the point of the value chain. This analogy aptly describes the last steps between presenting scientific evidence of climate change to decision-makers for use in local adaptation and planning. Climate change data (observational and model simulation data e.g. climate change projections and predictions) remain under-utilised, especially by local institutions and actors for which adaptation is a priority. The assumptions and assertions of the classical data–information–knowledge–wisdom are challenged, and a derivative form of the information hierarchy is proposed. Elements of the classical information hierarchy are offset by four balancing elements of access (to data); usability (of information); governance (of knowledge) and politics (of wisdom). These balancing elements and their relatedness coincide with newer models of innovation relating to the interaction between different stakeholders across the different levels of governance, the inclusion of stakeholder expectations, transparency and accountability.

Social media summary
Climate data to wise decision-making in the ‘last mile’: a novel perspective on science-guided local adaptation.
Interference of wild oat (Avena fatua) and sterile oat (Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana) in wheat
Authors: Mahajan Gulshan , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Prevalence of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and sterile oat [Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne; referred to as A. sterilis hereafter], winter-season weeds, is increasing in the eastern grain region of Australia. Biological attributes of these weeds enable them to survive in a wide range of environments and under different weed infestation levels. The interference of A. fatua and A. sterilis in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop was examined in southeast Queensland, Australia, through field studies in 2019 and 2020. Different infestation levels (0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 plants m−2) of A. fatua and A. sterilis were evaluated for their potential to cause yield losses in wheat. Based on a three-parameter logarithmic model, the A. fatua and A. sterilis infestation levels corresponding to 50% wheat yield loss were 15 and 16 plants m−2, respectively. The yield reduction was due to a reduced spike number per unit area because of an increased weed infestation level. At the highest weed infestation level (48 plants m−2), A. fatua and A. sterilis produced a maximum of 4,800 and 3,970 seeds m−2, respectively. Avena fatua exhibited lower seed retention (17% to 39%) than A. sterilis (64% to 80%) at wheat harvest, as most of the seeds of A. fatua had shattered at crop maturity. Our results implied that there is a good opportunity for harvest weed seed control if the paddock is infested with A. sterilis. This study suggests that in the absence of an integrated weed management strategy (using both chemical and nonchemical options), a high infestation of these weeds could cause a severe crop yield loss, increase weed seed production, and replenish the weed seedbank in the soil.