bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utjecaj financijskog trenja na razvoj i opstanak srednjih poduzeća u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Brlečić Valčić Sonja 
Published: June 2021

Financijsko trenje kao poveznica povrata financijskog kapitala, tj. povrata kapitala i imovine, troška kapitala koji plaćaju poduzeća i iznosa koji ulagači zarađuju od financijskih zahtjeva, u ekonomskoj se teoriji rijetko koristi i uvodi u politiku financijske analize, uglavnom monetarnih vlasti.
Dosadašnja istraživanja o tome ukazala su na potrebu uvođenja takvih modela u financijsku analizu, uglavnom radi ispitivanja potrebe za povećanjem priljeva raspoloživoga kapitala po prihvatljivim stopama. U ovome radu predložen je drugačiji pristup ovom problemu, tj. na uzorku financijskih podataka za pet poslovnih godina pedeset srednjih hrvatskih poduzeća, primjenom modela temeljenih na ANFIS-u, analiziran je utjecaj financijskog trenja na razvojni potencijal poduzeća. U definiciji modela korištene su varijable povrat imovine (ROA), povrat na kapital (ROE), koeficijent vlastitog financiranja, faktor zaduženosti i EBITDA marža. Provedena analiza može poslužiti poduzetnicima u pronalaženju optimalnih omjera financijske poluge za održivo poslovanje okrenuto razvojnim strategijama, ali i kreatorima politike u definiranju potrebe za subvencioniranjem kamatnih stopa na poslovne zajmove.
Fiscal policy effectiveness and risks in the development of Azerbaijan’s economy during economic shock
Authors: Guliyeva Shafa , Gadimli Nushaba , Azizov Yalchin , Hajiyev Zaur , Bayramov Sanan 
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to empirically evaluate the effectiveness of fiscal policy in the context of the economic slowdown in Azerbaijan caused by the COVID19 pandemic. Using the Granger test, causal relationships between fiscal indicators and indicators of macroeconomic development in Azerbaijan have been determined. Presented an integrated assessment of the development of the national economy under the influence of the fiscal policy in the country. Using the regression analysis, fiscal risks have been identified that have a destabilizing effect on the economy and aggravating its state during a period of economic shock in the short term. The hypothesis about the different influence of the values of the public expenditure multipliers on the economy, depending on their functional directions, has been confirmed. The structure of expenses of the state budget of Azerbaijan has been empirically optimized, increasing production expenses.
LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE IN AN INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE: THE CASE OF INDONESIAN FEMALES’ LANGUAGE CHOICE IN CANADA
Authors: Kadir Rahmawaty 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to investigate Indonesian females’ language choice in their interracial family in the home domain and factors that contribute to their language choice. Ultimately, the study seeks to describe the influence of language choice on maintaining the Indonesian language amidst multilingual Canada. Semi-structured interviews and observations were employed to collect the data. The participants of this study were three female Indonesians with their Canadian spouses living in Canadian cities. The study revealed that English was chosen as the language spoken at home in each family despite having an Indonesian mother. Although all (Indonesian) mothers code-switch between the Indonesian language and English, the study discovered that the children are passive speakers of Indonesian, some do not even understand their mother language. Social context and motivation are some factors that influence the participants’ language choice. The findings also indicate that language shifts from Indonesian to English were taking place in the participants’ repertoire.
FILMS FOR EFL: EXPLORING THE PERCEPTIONS OF A HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER
Authors: Sánchez Estefanía , Férez Pedro Antonio 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Research on teacher perceptions on the use of films in the secondary school English classroom is scarce since most studies have focused on other educational levels and on the opinions of students. Besides, most of these studies are merely of a theoretical nature. Consequently, there is a need for empirical research which sheds further light on both Compulsory Secondary Education and teacher perceptions on this matter. Objective of the paper: this study explores the perception of a secondary school teacher on the use of a film as a tool for conducting EFL classes. Method: data were obtained according to the following steps. Firstly, the English instructor was interviewed regarding her views on the use of authentic audio-visual materials in the English classroom. Then, the teacher examined a film-based lesson plan which included the advantages of authentic audio-visual resources for EFL as defined by scholars in the field. Finally, the teacher was interviewed again to trace changes in her perception. Findings: the results of the study show that, in the initial interview, the participant’s opinion was positive although her use of movies as a didactic aid was vague and minimal. However, in the final interview, she reflected a more positive view and she was willing to include films and their multiple educational benefits into her lessons, advocating, therefore, a more holistic understanding of EFL. Conclusion: the contextually situated awareness elicited through the teacher’s own experience of the lesson plan made her question her own classroom practice. This led to the amplification of the teacher’s understanding of EFL, which, at the post-intervention stage, emerged not only as a linguistic endeavour but also as a platform from where to promote critical thinking, aesthetic sensitivity or awareness towards issues of social justice.
LEMMATIC INFLUENCE ON VOCABULARY ACQUISITION AMONG L3 ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN TANZANIA
Authors: Kaoo Lydia , Upor Rose Acen 
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the findings of a study that investigated cross-linguistic influence (CLI) on the acquisition of English vocabulary by Tanzanian third language (L3) learners. Specifically, the study aimed to determine how lemmatic CLI from L1 and L2 influences L3 in a multilingual rural context where L1 is a dominant ethnic community language (L1=Haya, L2=Swahili, L3=English) and determine the source language responsible. In all, 40 participants performed three language tasks i.e. word association(WAT), letter writing task (LWT) and wordless picture narration (WPN). The study found evidence of lemmatic transfer from background languages in various forms. More significantly, , the L2 played instrumental and facilitative roles, both strategically and spontaneously, in influencing L3 vocabulary acquisition relative to the L1. Also, the study found the status of L2 is the predominant source language for lemmatic influence on L3 English and was modulated by proficiency and exposure.The study confirms that L3 learners reduce CLI as they increase L3 proficiency and that L2 acts as both a filter and source language as it features in L3.
Determining the Specific Activity of Anti-Rabies Sera and Immunoglobulin Using Atomic Force Microscopy of Cell Cultures
Authors: Generalov Sergey V. , Erokhin Pavel S. , Kuznetsov Oleg S. , Abramova Elena G. , Zhulidov Ivan M. , Osina Natalya A. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Mouse neutralization test is widely used to determine the level of anti-rabies antibodies, but it is labor-intensive and time consuming. Alternative methods for determining the neutralizing activity of anti-rabies sera and immunoglobulin in cell cultures are also known. Methods such as FAVN and RFFIT involve the use of fluorescent diagnostics. Determination of Cytopathic Effect (CPE) is often complicated due to features of rabies virus replication in cells. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is able to detect the interaction of the virus with the cell at an early stage. Therefore, in this study, a method has been developed for determining the specific activity of anti-rabies sera and immunoglobulin using AFM of cell cultures.

Methods: The method is based on the preliminary interaction of rabies virus with samples of rabies sera or immunoglobulin drug, adding the specified reaction mixture to cell culture (Vero or BHK-21), and then measuring the surface roughness of the cells using AFM. AFM was carried out in the intermittent contact mode by the mismatch method in the semi-contact mode. The results were compared with the values obtained in the mouse neutralization test. The consistency of the results obtained by both methods was evaluated by Bland-Altman method.

Results: The increment in the surface roughness of the cells is a consequence of the damaging effect of the virus, which is weakened as a result of its neutralization by rabies antibodies. A dilution allowing 50% suppression of the increase in the surface roughness of cells was selected as the titer of rabies sera or immunoglobulin. In this case, the recommended range for determining the antibody titer is from 1:100 to 1:3000.

Conclusion: For the first time, a new methodological approach in virology and pharmaceutical research is presented in this study. The use of the proposed methodological technique will reduce the time from 21 to 2 days to obtain results in comparison with the mouse neutralization test; also, fewer laboratory animals are required in this approach which is in agreement with 3 R Principle.
An Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis of the Potential Regulatory Effects of miR-21 on T-cell Related Target Genes in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Manian Mostafa , Sohrabi Ehsan , Eskandari Nahid , Assarehzadegan Mohammad-Ali , Ferns Gordon A. , Nourbakhsh Mitra , Jazayeri Mir Hadi , Nedaeinia Reza 
Published: June 2021

Background: Overexpression of miR-21 is a characteristic feature of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and is involved in gene regulation and the expression enhancement of pro-inflammatory factors including IFNγ and TNF-α following stimulation of T-cells via the T Cell Receptor (TCR). In this study, a novel integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to obtain a better understanding of the involvement of miR-21 in the development of MS, its protein biomarker signatures, RNA levels, and drug interactions through existing microarray and RNA-seq datasets of MS.

Methods: In order to obtain data on the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in patients with MS and normal controls, the GEO2R web tool was used to analyze the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, and then Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks of co-expressed DEGs were designed using STRING. A molecular network of miRNA-genes and drugs based on differentially expressed genes was created for T-cells of MS patients to identify the targets of miR-21, that may act as important regulators and potential biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and, potential therapeutic targets for MS.

Results: It found that seven genes (NRIP1, ARNT, KDM7A, S100A10, AK2, TGFβR2, and IL-6R) are regulated by drugs used in MS and miR-21. Finally, three overlapping genes (S100A10, NRIP1, KDM7A) were identified between miRNA-gene-drug network and nineteen genes as hub genes which can reflect the pathophysiology of MS.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that miR-21 and MS-related drugs can act synergistically to regulate several genes in the existing datasets, and miR-21 inhibitors have the potential to be used in MS treatment.
Designing a Strategy for pH Control to Improve CHO Cell Productivity in Bioreactor
Authors: Ahleboot Zohreh , Khorshidtalab Mahdi , Motahari Paria , Mahboudi Rasoul , Arjmand Razieh , Mokarizadeh Aram , Maleknia Shayan 
Published: June 2021

Background: Drastic pH drop is a common consequence of scaling up a mammalian cell culture process, where it may affect the final performance of cell culture. Although CO2 sparging and base addition are used as common approaches for pH control, these strategies are not necessarily successful in large scale bioreactors due to their effect on osmolality and cell viability. Accordingly, a series of experiments were conducted using an IgG1 producing Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-S) cell culture in 30 L bioreactor to assess the efficiency of an alternative strategy in controlling culture pH.

Methods: Factors inducing partial pressure of CO2 and lactate accumulation (as the main factors altering culture pH) were assessed by Plackett-Burman design to identify the significant ones. As culture pH directly influences process productivity, protein titer was measured as the response variable. Subsequently, Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to obtain a model for product titer prediction as a function of individual and interaction effects of significant variables.

Results: The results indicated that the major factor affecting pH is non-efficient CO2 removal. CO2 accumulation was found to be affected by an interaction between agitation speed and overlay air flow rate. Accordingly, after increasing the agitation speed and headspace aeration, the culture pH was successfully maintained in the range of 6.95-7.1, resulting in 51% increase in final product titer. Similar results were obtained during 250 L scale bioreactor culture, indicating the scalability of the approach.

Conclusion: The obtained results showed that pH fluctuations could be effectively controlled by optimizing CO2 stripping.
Association of a Functional Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (rs874040) in the RBPJ Gene with Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis in Iranian Population
Authors: Salesi Mansour , Oboodiyat Mahdieh , Salehi Rasoul , Pakzad Bahram 
Published: June 2021

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a progressive, heterogeneous, and common multifactorial autoimmune disease. Several Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWASs) have revealed more than 100 risk loci for RA. One of these loci is a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (rs874040; G>C) near the recombination signal-binding protein for the immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ) gene. RBPJ can convert into a transcriptional activator upon activation of the canonical Notch pathway. Notch signaling has recently emerged as an important regulator of immune responses in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. In the present study, the possible association between SNP rs874040 (G>C) upstream of the RBPJ gene with RA risk was assessed in Iranian population.

Methods: A case-control study including 60 RA patients and 44 control subjects was conducted to estimate rs874040 genotypes using real‑time polymerase chain reaction High Resolution Melting (HRM) method.

Results: Logistic regression analysis indicated that homozygous CC and heterozygous GC genotypes increase the risk of RA compared with GG genotype (CC vs. GG; OR=11.36; 95% CI [3.93-33.33] and CG vs. GG; OR=3.78; 95% CI [1.30-10. 98]). Besides, subjects with C allele were more frequently affected with RA than subjects with G allele (OR=10.42; 95% CI [5.21-20.83]). Furthermore, in the patient group, a significant correlation was found between C-reactive protein concentrations and rs874040 polymorphism (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings propose a substantial correlation between rs874040 polymorphism and RA risk in Iranian population.
Comparison Viewpoints of Academic Members and Medical Students about Clinical Teaching Status in the Internal Medicine Wards in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Accordance to Ministry of Health Clinical Teaching Standards
Authors: Baradan-Binazir M , Heidari F 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Investigating the situation of clinical teaching is an important part of beneficial clinical teaching and it is used in finding domains of strength and domains needed to improve. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate clinical teaching situation in the internal medicine wards at Tabriz University of medical sciences, based on standards prepared by the Ministry of Health.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January to March 2019 in the Internal medicine wards. Participants were all academic members and medical students who were present in these wards during this investigation. The study tool was a checklist of standards that contained four areas: teaching rounds, morning reports, journal club, and outpatient clinic. Because of the varying number of items in the different parts of the checklist, we calculated the standard score for each part. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare scores on the checklist among academic members and medical students.
Result: Totally, 155 medical students and academic members participated in this study. Among them, 58 (37.4 %) were 5th-year medical students, 58 (37.4%) were final-year medical students and 39 (25.2%) were academic members. No statistically significant differences were found in mean standard scores for various areas of clinical teaching among academic members and medical students.
Conclusion: Regarding the favorable running of outpatient clinics, morning reports, and journal clubs from viewpoints of medical students, some educational interventions are necessary to make better awareness and adherence to the Ministry of Health clinical teaching standards.
Experimental devices to investigate degradation of PCM
Authors: Rathgeber Christoph 
Published: June 2021

Deliverable 2 of Subtask 3P is a collection of questionnaires regarding experimental devices that are used by the experts of Task 58 / Annex 33 to investigate the degradation of Phase Change Materials (PCM). Three types of experiments are considered: Tests on degradation of PCM over thermal cycling (type I), tests on degradation of PCM with stable supercooling (type II), and tests on degradation of phase change slurries (type III).
Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a successional agroforestry system in the Neotropics
Authors: Pinheiro-Alves Ray , Carvalho Arminda Moreira de , Timoteo Luciano Gomes , Sampaio Jéssica Airisse Guimarães , Hoffmann Mauricio Riggon , Coser Thais Rodrigues , Bielefeld Nardoto Gabriela 
Published: June 2021

The present study aimed to assess the effect of fourteen years of implementation of a successional and biodiverse agroforestry system (AFS) in a degraded agricultural field located in the Cerrado region of Central Brazil on the carbon and nitrogen dynamics. To track short term soil N dynamics we sampled instantaneous soil N rates in four seasonal periods (wet-dry, dry, dry-wet, wet) and to track long term C and N dynamics we measured C and N stable isotopes in the plant-litter-soil system. As additional data we determined the aboveground biomass; resorption rates of foliar and, soil C and N stocks. The measured aboveground biomass was 19.2 Mg C ha-1. The mean resorption rate of foliar N was 49.3%. C:N ratio was 20.4 ± 1.4 and 14.2 ± 0.32 in the litter layer and the topsoil, respectively. Soil N-NH4+ was predominant over N-NO3-. After 40 days, the cumulative N-N2O emission was 0.33 kg ha-1. The mean C and N stocks were 3.8 Mg N ha-1 and 43.6 Mg C ha-1, respectively. The averaged soil δ15N was 6.8‰. Soil δ13C was -20.3‰. After 14 years of implementation, approximately 40% of the total C in the topsoil (0-20 cm depth) was derived from the AFS biomass input, predominantly from the C3 photosynthetic pathway. The studied biodiverse AFS that replaced a degraded agricultural field in the Cerrado region showed to be responsive both in terms of soil and plant C and N pools and fluxes.
The Timeliness of Basic Immunization in Infants Related To The Knowledge About Covid-19
Authors: Yustanta Brivian Florentis , Ikhrima Layudha 
Published: June 2021

During the covid-19 pandemic, many parents are worried about providing basic immunizations for their infants. This caused the basic immunization coverage at Gandusari Public Health Service in Blitar Regency in April 2020 to decrease by 4.9%, and in May 2020 to decrease by 19.7%. This study objective to determine the correlation of knowledge about covid-19 and the timeliness of basic immunization in infants. This research was analytic correlational with cross sectional study approach. The independent variable was knowledge about covid-19, while the dependent variable was the timeliness of basic immunization in infants. The population were all parents who had infants as many as 87 parents. This study using simple random sampling. The sample size was 71 parents. The instruments were maternal and child health book and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using chi square test. The results showed that p value 0.001 < 0.05 that there were any correlation of knowledge about covid-19 and the timeliness of basic immunization in infants. The sufficient knowledge of parents about covid-19 made parents hesitate to immunize their infants. Providing basic immunization to infants during a pandemic is not prohibited as long as they comply with health protocols.
Survey Research on Lecturer Performance Profiles During Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Dumiyati Dumiyati , Yusuf Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe the performance profile of lecturers based on the results of monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of teaching, research and community service activities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection techniques used survey methods on the implementation of teaching learning process and documentation techniques in the form of lecturer performance targets and reports. Research respondents were all 216 students of the Economic Education Study Program at Unirow Tuban. Data analysis techniques used descriptive data analysis by calculating the percentage of respondents' answers, average score and categorization. The findings of the study showed that the average score was 3.7 be at interval <3.5 X <4.5, the teaching performance of the lecturers was in good category. International journal publications are very low and lecturer performance on community service in enough cathegory. The results of this study can be used to follow up on learning improvements and make online learning more effective and improve the performance of lecturers in the field of research and community service activities during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Influence of Strategic Environment, Public Trust, and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Competitive Advantage and Company Performance (Studies on Batik Companies in Tuban)
Authors: Supiyanto Yudi , Astuty Henny Sri , Yusuf M. 
Published: June 2021

This study has the following objectives: Specifically, this researcher aims to prove and analyze whether:Strategic Environment, Public Trust, and Entrepreneurial Orientation influenced on Competitive Advantage and Company Performance. The population is batik SMEs belonging to the Tuban batik center totaling 84 SMEs batik and samples using the snowball sampling method and the number of samples are 84. To retrieve data using the questionnaire method and data analysis using path analysis. The results showed the following findings: 1. The strategic environment has a significant effect on competitive advantage 2. Public trust has a significant effect on the competitive 3. Entrepreneurial orientation has a significant effect on the competitive advantage 4. Strategic environment, public trust, and entrepreneurial orientation simultaneously have a significant positive effect on competitive advantage, 5. The strategic environment has a significant effect on the performance of batik companies, 6. Public trust has a significant effect on the performance of batik companies,7. Entrepreneurial orientation has a significant effect on the performance of batik companies, 8. Competitive advantage has no significant effect on the performance of batik companies, 9. The strategic environment, public trust, and entrepreneurial orientation and excellence simultaneously have a significant effect on the performance.