bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological Characters and Molecular Pathogenesis of Diabetic Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy Cartilages Damage
Authors: Liu Pei-Long , Diao Jia-Yu , Wang Qiong , Liu Huan , Zhang Yan , Liang Jing-Qi , Zhang Feng , Liang Xiao-Jun , Zhao HongMou 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetic neuropathic osteoarthropathy (DNOAP) is a rare and easily missed complication for diabetes that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. DNOAP is characterized by progressive destruction of bone and joint, but its pathogenesis remains elusive. We herein aimed to investigate the pathological features and pathogenesis of the cartilages damage in DNOAP patients. Methods: The articular cartilages of 8 patients with DNOAP and 8 normal controls were included. Masson staining and safranine O/fixed green staining (S-O) were used to observe the histopathological characteristics of cartilage, and the ultrastructural changes of chondrocytes were detected by electron microscopy. Chondrocyte were isolated from DNOAP group and control group. The expression of RANKL, OPG, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Aggrecan protein were evaluated by Western blot. ROS levels were measured using a DCFH-DA probe. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry. The chondrocytes were cultured with different glucose concentrations to observe the expression of RANKL and OPG.Results: Compared with the control group, the DNOAP group showed fewer chondrocytes, subchondral bone hyperplasia and structural disorder, and a large number of osteoclasts formed in the subchondral bone area. Moreover, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum swelling were observed in the DNOAP chondrocytes. The chromatin was partially broken and concentrated at the edge of nuclear membrane. The ROS fluorescence intensity of chondrocyte in DNOAP group was higher than that in normal control group (28.1 ± 2.3 VS 11.9 ± 0.7, P < 0.05). The expression of RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 protein in DNOAP group was higher than that in normal control group, while OPG and Aggrecan protein was lower than that in normal control group (both P < 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rate of chondrocyte in DNOAP group was higher than that in normal control group (P < 0.05). The RANKL/OPG ratio showed significant upward trend when the concentration of glucose was over than 15mM.Conclusions: DNOAP patients tend to have severe destruction of articular cartilage and collapse of organelle structure including mitochondrion and endoplasm reticulum. Indicators of bone metabolism (RANKL, OPG) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) play an important role in promoting the pathogenesis of DNOAP. The glucose concentration higher than 15mM made the RANKL / OPG ratio changed rapidly.
Reshaping the binding channel of a novel GH113 family β-Mannanase from Paenibacillus cineris (PcMan113) for enhanced activity
Authors: Sun Dengyue , Li Chao , Cui Pengpeng , Zhang Jie , Zhou Yaolin , Wu Mian , Li Xia , Wang Teng-Fei , Zeng Zhixiong , Qin Hui-Min 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Endo-β-mannanases are an important enzyme for degrading lignocellulosic biomass to generate mannan, which has significant health effects as a prebiotic that promotes the development of gut microbiota. Here, a novel endo-β-mannanase belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 113 from Paenibacillus cineris (PcMan113) was cloned, expressed and characterized, as one of only a few reported GH113 family β-mannanases. Compared to other functionally and structurally characterized GH113 mannanases, recombinant PcMan113 showed a broader substrate spectrum and a better performance. Based on a structural homology model, the highly active mutant PcMT3 (F110E/N246Y) was obtained, with 4.60- and 5.53-fold increases of enzyme activity (towards KG) and catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km, against M5) compared with the WT enzyme, respectively. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to precisely explore the differences of catalytic activity between WT and PcMT3, which revealed that PcMT3 has a less flexible conformation, as well as an enlarged substrate binding channel with decreased steric hindrance and increased binding energy in substrate recognition. In conclusion, we obtained a highly active variant of PcMan113 with potential for commercial application in the manufacture of mannooligosaccharides.
Comparison of the Agatston score acquired with photon-counting detector CT and energy-integrating detector CT: Ex vivo study of cadaveric hearts
Authors: Skoog Susann , Henriksson Lilian , Gustafsson Håkan , Sandstedt Mårten , Elvelind Sebastian , Persson Anders 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the correlation and agreement between AS derived from either an energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) or a photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT). Reproducibility was also compared. Method In total, 26 calcified coronary lesions (from five cadaveric hearts) were identified for inclusion. The hearts were positioned in a chest phantom and scanned in both an EID-CT and a prototype PCD-CT. The EID-CT and PCD-CT acquisition and reconstruction parameters were matched. To evaluate the reproducibility, the phantom was manually repositioned, and an additional scan was performed using both methods. The EID-CT reconstructions were performed using the dedicated calcium score kernel Sa36. The PCD-CT reconstructions were performed with a vendor-recommended kernel (Qr36). Several monoenergetic energy levels (50-150 keV) were evaluated to find the closest match with the EID-CT scans. A semi-automatic evaluation of calcium score was performed on a post-processing multimodality workplace. Results The best match with Sa36 was PCD-CT Qr36 images, at a monoenergetic level of 72 keV. Statistical analyses showed excellent correlation and agreement. The correlation and agreement with regards to the Agatston score (AS) between the two methods, for each position as well as between the two positions for each method, were assessed with the Spearman´s rank correlation. The correlation coefficient, rho, was 0.98 and 0.97 respectively 0.99 and 0.98. The corresponding agreements were investigated by means of Bland-Altman plots. Conclusion High correlation and agreement was observed between the AS derived from the EID-CT and a PCD-CT. Both methods also demonstrated excellent reproducibility.
Safety and Efficacy of Neuronavigation via Middle Frontal Gyrus Endoport-assisted Endoscopic Resection for Thalamic Lesions
Authors: Liu Shuang , Xie Tao , Yang Yeh Yu , Li Chen , Liu Tengfei , Sun Chongjing , Wu Silin , Yang Liangliang , Li Zeyang , Hu Fan , Zhang Xiaobiao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSurgery for thalamic lesions is generally challenging because they are deep-seated and surrounded by vital neurovascular structures. Whether neuronavigation via middle frontal gyrus endoport-assisted endoscopic resection for thalamic lesions is safe and effective remains to be further evaluated.Materials and MethodsTwelve patients treated surgically were retrospectively reviewed using the neuronavigation endoport-assisted endoscopy between January 2016 and April 2021 at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. Preoperative and tumor-related variables, as well as postoperative outcomes, were also collected.ResultsAll lesions located in the medial part of the thalamus, and some of them expanded forward, downward, or backward. The median size of lesions was 29 mm (range 16-56 mm). The final pathology results showed 4 cases of benign lesions, 4 cases of low-grade glioma, and 4 cases of glioblastoma. All of the cases with benign lesions and low-grade glioma (100%) achieved GTR, while 3/4 (75%) of cases with glioblastoma achieved NTR, and 1 (25%) case obtained STR. None of the patients in this study have postoperative seizures. In the benign lesions and low-grade glioma group, worse Karnofsky performance status scores at discharge were 25%, and all achieved long-term postoperative survival. For patients with glioblastoma, 3/4 cases had worse Karnofsky performance status scores at discharge, and died within 6 months. ConclusionCombining the advantages of neuronavigation, endoscopy, and endoport techniques via the middle frontal gyrus approach can safely and effectively remove benign lesions and low-grade glioma in the medial part of the thalamus.
SERPINs in Macrophage May Be Key Inflammation Regulator and Relevant to Poor Prognosis in Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Yibin Jia , Guanyi Wang , Yuqin Ye , Enming Kang , JunFeng Wu , Jiayou Wang , Xiaoyan Chen , XiaoSheng He 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Craniopharyngioma is one of the most prevalent sellar tumors in children. Though normally, gross resection might be reached, while the prognosis and outcome of the patient is much more worse than any other benign tumor. Inflammation in tumor is of essential in tumor growth and progression. We found that inflammation was relevant to patient outcome and macrophages in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma were activated in an interesting pattern. We then evaluated immune microenvironment in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and intended to screen out potential functional molecules for therapeutic targets and predicting prognosis. The results showed that SERPINs family, especially SERPINE1 and SERPING1 were up-regulated in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and might be related to patient outcome in malignant tumor. At the same time, the immune environment of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma was similar with glioma rather than other benign brain tumors. The study firstly proposes the view that ACP might share the same characteristics with malignant brain tumor, and meanwhile preliminarily demonstrates SERPINs, especially SERPINE1 might also play a critical role in ACP, just like other aggressive cancer.
Geometry-Informed Optimal Parameter Selection for Phase Space Warping with Application to Early Fatigue Damage Detection in 3D-Printed Beams
Authors: Li Hewenxuan , Chelidze David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Phase space warping (PSW) methodology reconstructs a non-stationary hidden process from quasi-stationary observable dynamics, where these two coupled dynamical processes have disparate time scales. PSW has been applied to multivariate damage identification and tracking, biomechanics, and manifold characterization in nonlinear dynamical systems. However, its theory is not clearly connected to its practice. Furthermore, there is no associated sampling theory or guidelines for optimal parameter selection to estimate the hidden dynamics reliably. This paper focuses on a geometrical interpretation of PSW that coherently bridges its theory and practice by providing the needed theoretical insights and explaining practical constraints. The corresponding algorithm's parameter space is explored to provide reliable and accurate estimates of the PSW function guided by the obtained geometrical properties and insights. Numerical examples of a nonlinear hierarchical dynamical system with various hidden processes and observable dynamics are used to guide the parameter selection for the PSW algorithm. Parameter selection guidelines are obtained through global sensitivity analysis to the estimation accuracy of the simulation results. The established guidelines are used to extract fatigue damage evolution in 3D-printed beams from experimentally obtained vibration data. The obtained results show how the PSW-based fatigue tracking can be used for early fatigue damage detection.
Influence of Temperature and Noise on Subthreshold Signal Propagation in Feedforward Neural Network
Authors: Yi Ming , Dai Shiqi , Lu Lulu , Wei Zhouchao , Zhu Yuan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Temperature is an important environmental factor that all creatures depend on. Under the appropriate temperature, the neural system shows good biological performance. Based on an improved Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neuron model considering temperature and noise, the ten-layers pure excitatory feedforward neural network and the ten-layers excitatory-inhibitory (EI) neural network are constructed to study the subthreshold signal propagation. It’s found that increasing temperature can restrain the signal propagation, and raise the noises intensity threshold where the failed signal propagation can transform into succeed signal propagation. Under the large noise, the signal propagation in network in different temperatures exhibits different anti-noise capabilities. There exists the saturation value of interlayer connection probability, that is, the signal propagation maintains constant when interlayer connection probability beyond a certain value. Moreover, in EI network with large noise, the network’s intrinsic oscillation activity will completely cover subthreshold signal, and block the signal propagation. The jumping phenomenon in the value of fidelity, which measures the similarity between input signal and output signal, appears in both pure excitatory network and EI network. This paper provides potential value for understanding the regulation of both temperature and noise in information propagation in neural network.
Breast cancer treatment patterns by age and time since last pregnancy in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study-Phase III
Authors: Vohra Sanah N. , Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Nichols Hazel B. , Emerson Marc , Love Michael I. , Olshan Andrew F. , Troester Melissa A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo describe breast cancer treatment patterns among premenopausal women by age and time since last pregnancy. MethodsData were analyzed from 1,179 women diagnosed with premenopausal breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. Of these, 160 had a recent pregnancy (within 5 years of cancer diagnosis). Relative frequency differences (RFDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compare cancer stage, treatment modality received, treatment initiation delay (>30 days), and prolonged treatment duration (>2 to >8 months depending on the treatment received) by age and recency of pregnancy. ResultsRecently postpartum women were significantly more likely to have stage III disease [RFD (95% CI): 12.2% (3.6%, 20.8%)] and to receive more aggressive treatment compared to nulliparous women. After adjustment for age, race and standard clinical tumor characteristics, recently postpartum women were significantly less likely to have delayed treatment initiation [RFD (95% CI): -11.2% (-21.4%, -1.0%)] and prolonged treatment duration [RFD (95% CI): -17.5% (-28.0%, -7.1%)], and were more likely to have mastectomy [RFD (95% CI): 14.9% (4.8%, 25.0%)] compared to nulliparous. Similarly, younger women (<40 years of age) were significantly less likely to experience prolonged treatment duration [RFD (95% CI): -5.6% (11.1%, -0.0%)] and more likely to undergo mastectomy [RFD (95% CI): 10.6% (5.2%, 16.0%)] compared to older women (≥40 years of age). ConclusionThese results suggest that recently postpartum and younger women often received prompt and aggressive breast cancer treatment. Higher mortality and recurrence among recently pregnant women are unlikely to be related to under-treatment.
Pricing Strategies of Dual-channel Green Supply Chain Considering Big Data Information Inputs
Authors: Liu Pan , Zhang Feng-jie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the Big Data environment, when green manufacturers invest in the green production technology, to satisfy consumer demand timely and accurately, they may begin to gain consumer performance information (hereafter, CBDI) to design and produce product. However, these will go up their extra costs. Meanwhile, for a green manufacturer who sells the green product through the online channel and the offline channel, the expression of its market demand needs to rethink in the new environment. In these conditions, for a dual-channel green supply chain (hereafter, DGSC), chain members pay more attention on the pricing problems considering the inputs of CBDI and greening R&D. Hence, to resolve this question, a DGSC a green manufacturer selling by the online channel and with one retailer selling by the offline channel was chosen. Afterwards, the demand function of the DGSC was revised, and we analyzed the profits models and its pricing rules in the proposed four common cost-sharing models. Results indicate that whether the retailer bears the CBDI costs or the greening R&D costs, the retailer will not change its retail price. If the retailer can bear some CBDI costs, the alteration tendencies of the best wholesale price are related to the cost-sharing parameter.
Characterization of dissimilar aluminum-copper material joining by controlled dual laser beam
Authors: Cha Joon Ho , Choi Hae Woon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Laser technology has many advantages in welding for the manufacture of EV battery packs. Aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) are welded using a dual laser beam, suggesting the optimum power distribution for the core and ring beams. Due to the very high reflectance of Cu and Al exposed to near-infrared lasers, the material absorbs a very small amount of energy. Compared to single beam laser welding, dual beam welding has significantly improved surface quality by controlling surface solidification. The study focused on the quality of weld surface beads, weld properties and tensile strength by varying the output ratio of the core beam to the ring beam. Optimal conditions of Al6061 were a 700 W core beam, a 500 W ring beam and 200 mm/s of weld speed. For the C1020P, the optimum conditions were a center beam of 2500 W, a ring beam of 3000 W and a welding speed of 200 mm/s. In laser lap welding of Al-Al and Al-Cu, the bead width and the interfacial bead width of the joint increased as the output increased. The penetration depth did not change significantly, but small pores were formed at the interface of the junction. Tensile tests were performed to demonstrate the reliability of the weld zone, and computer simulations provided analysis of the heat distribution for optimal heat input conditions.
Crash Energy Management of Vehicle Front-end Structures Considering Multiple Conditions: Modelling and Solution Method
Authors: Wang Danqi , Zhang Junyuan , Wang Shihang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For the vehicle frontal crash development, matching the stiffness of the front end structures reasonably, i.e., impact energy management, can effectively improve the safety of vehicle. A multi-condition analytical model for vehicle frontal crash is construct by three dimensional decomposition theory. In the analytical model, the spring is used to express the equivalent stiffness of the local energy absorption space at the front-end structure. Then based on the analytical model, the dynamic responses and evaluation indexes of the vehicle in MPDB and SOB conditions are derived with input of crash pulse decomposition scheme. Comparing the actual vehicle crash data and the finite element simulation results with the calculation results of the proposed solution method, the error is less than 15%, which verifies validity of the modeling and the accuracy of the solution. Finally, based on the solution method in the MPDB and the SOB conditions, the sensitivities of crash pulse decomposition scheme to evaluation indexes are analyzed to obtain qualitative rules which guide crash energy management. This research reveals the energy absorption principle of front-end structure during the frontal impact process, and provides an effective tool to manage the vehicle crash energy considering multi-condition.
Mechanisms of chromium(VI) removal from solution by zeolite and vermiculite modified with iron(II)
Authors: Rosa Maria Isabel Garcia , Boga Gabriella Andrade , Cruz Suellen Silva Vieira , Andrade Fabio Ramos Dias , Furquim Sheila Aparecida Correia , Shinzato Mirian Chieko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mechanisms of Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(II) modified zeolite and vermiculite were evaluated. Adsorbents were treated with Fe(SO4).7H2O to saturate their exchange sites with Fe(II). Vermiculite (V-Fe) adsorbed more Fe(II) (21.8 mg g−1) than zeolite (Z-Fe) (15.1 mg g−1). Z-Fe and V-Fe were used to remove Cr(VI) from the solution by batch test to evaluate the effect of contact time and Cr(VI) initial concentration. Cr(VI) was 100% reduced to Cr(III) by Z-Fe and V-Fe from solution with 18 mg L−1 Cr(VI) in 1 minute. Considering that 3 moles Fe(II) are required to reduce 1 mole Cr(VI) (3Fe+2 + Cr+6 → 3Fe3+ + Cr+3), the iron content released from Z-Fe and V-Fe were sufficient to reduce 100% of Cr(VI) in solution by up to 46.8 mg L−1 Cr(VI), and about 90% (V-Fe) and 95% (Z-Fe) in solution with 95.3 mg L−1 Cr(VI). The assess of the Fe(II), Cr(III), Cr(VI), and K+ contents of the adsorbents and solutions after batch tests indicated that K+ ions from K₂Cr₂O₇ solution were the main cation adsorbed by Z-Fe, while vermiculite did not absorb any of these cations. The H+ of the acidic solution (pH around 5) may have been adsorbed by V-Fe. Therefore, the release of Fe(II) from Z-Fe and V-Fe involved cation exchange between, respectively, K+ and H+ ions from solution. The reduction of Cr(VI) by Fe(II) caused the precipitation of Cr(III) and Fe(III), and the decrease of pH of the solution to < 5. As acidity limits the precipitation of Cr(III) ions, they remained in solution and were not adsorbed by both adsorbents (since they prefer to adsorb K+ and H+). To avoid oxidation, Cr(III) can be removed by precipitation or adsorption by untreated minerals.
Phenotypic diversity and selection in biofortified cassava germplasm for yield and quality root traits
Authors: Carvalho Ravena Rocha Bessa , Sousa Massaine Bandeira e , de Oliveira Luciana Alves , Oliveira Eder Jorge 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Increasing carotenoid content and improving other root quality traits has been the focus of cassava biofortification. This study aimed to i) evaluate the genetic variability for total carotenoid content (TCC), as well as for root yield and root quality attributes; ii) estimate potentially useful correlations for selection; and iii) select parents for breeding and estimate the genetic gain. Data from 2011 to 2020 of 265 cassava genotypes with cream and yellow roots were analyzed for dry matter content (DMC), shoot yield, fresh root yield (FRY), dry root yield (DRY), harvest index, average number of roots per plant, starch content, root pulp color, cyanogenic compounds, and TCC. The best linear unbiased predictions showed great phenotypic variation for all traits. Six distinct groups were formed for productive characteristics of root quality, mainly TCC, DMC and FRY. Only TCC showed high broad-sense heritability (\({h}^{2}\)= 0.72), while the other traits had low to medium magnitude (0.21 ≤ \({h}^{2}\) ≤ 0.60). TCC was strongly correlated with pulp color (r = 0.70), but null significance for DMC. The network analysis identified a clear separation between the agronomic and quality attributes of cassava roots. The selection of the 30 genotypes for recombination in the breeding program has the potential to raise TCC by 37.1% and reduce the cyanogenic compounds content by 19.4%, in addition to increasing FRY and DRY by 37.7% and 40.2%, respectively. This is the first consolidated study on the potential of germplasm for the development biofortified cassava varieties in Brazil.