bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the quality of acid soils to increase soybean yields and farmer’s incomes
Authors: Endriani  , Rivaie A A , Barus J , Meithasari D , Asnawi R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lampung Province has a great potency for increasing national soybean production, although most of the area is occupied by the acid dry land soils. The aims of the study were to determine the effect of three different packages of soybean cultivation technology on soybean growth and yield, the cropping index, and the farmers’ income on an acid dry land soil of East Lampung. The experiments tested three packages of soybean cultivation technology, namely Local Farmer Technology, Site Specific Technology, and Recommended Technology. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Block Design with 10 replications. The results showed that soybean yield of the Site Specific Technology was 1.33 t ha−1, which was significantly higher than that of the Local Farmer Technology, with a yield of 0.78 t ha−1. Meanwhile, the yield of the Recommended Technology was 1.26 t ha−1, which was not significantly different from the yield of the Site Specific Technology. There was increases in soybean yield and income by 66 and 30% with the application of the Site Specific Technology compared with the application of the Local Farmer Technology. Therefore, the Site Specific Technology might be recommended for increasing soybean production, especially in Lampung.
The productivity of forage crops as pasture in ex coal mining land during the rainy season
Authors: Harmini H , Sajimin  , Fanindi A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the reduction in fertile land availability, ex coal-mining land can be used to produce animal feed plant (AFP). The objective of this study is to determine the productivity of grass for grazing areas planted in ex-coal mining land. Soil samples were chemically analyzed by the Soil Research Institute. The design used was a randomized block design (RBD), with plant varieties for treatment, namely B. humidicola (A), C. dactilon (B), P. notatum, (C) S. secundatum (D) and P. purpurium cv Mott (E). Plant grass each in plots measuring 5 x 7 m, and repeated three times with spacing of 0.5 x 0.5 m. The results showed that plant varieties had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the production of biomass (grams plot−1) and plant height (cm). The highest production and grass height were P. purpureum cv Mott with a production of 52,716.57 ± 6,366.12 g plot−1 and 104.26 ± 2.46 (cm). It is concluded that P. purpureum cv Mott has the potential to be developed as a pasture grass in ex-coal mining land.
Adaptive technology for soybean varieties cultivation in dry season
Authors: Haryati Y , Sari R , Noviana I , Sunandar N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rainfed lowland is a potential physical resource for soybean development to increase the cropping index. The study aimed to optimize the rainfed paddy fields by introducing a package which has several recommended technologies in a limited amount of water condition. The study was conducted in Sanca Village, Gantar District, Indramayu Regency from July to September 2019. The treatment was a recommended technologies package in soybean farming. The observed variables were plant height and number of branches in three growth phases, namely vegetative phase, flowering phase and maturing phase. The yield components were also observed. The collected data were analyzed by using t-test with technical cultivation of farmers’ ways as a comparison. The results showed that the recommended technology package for soybean cultivation in the dry season produced higher soybean productivity (1.25 t ha−1). Cultivation of soybeans in the dry season in rainfed lowland areas must pay attention to the suitability of varieties and availability of water sources in an effort to achieve optimal production.
Effect of peanut intercropping and mycorrhiza in increasing yield of sweet corn yield
Authors: Wangiyana W , Farida N , Ngawit I K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many researchers reported that mycorrhizal symbiosis could significantly increase crop yield. The objective of this research was to examine the effects of mycorrhiza and intercropping with two peanut varieties on growth and yield of sweet corn. The experiment was conducted following paddy rice crop in Dasan Tebu, West Lombok, Indonesia, in the dry season 2018 and designed according to Split Plot design with four replications and two treatment factors, i.e. application of mycorrhiza-based biofertilizer as the main plots (M0 = without and M1=with mycorrhiza) and intercropping with peanut as the subplots (T0 = without intercropping, T1 = intercropping with peanut var. “Kelinci”, and T2 = intercropping with peanut var. “Bison”). The sweet corn cobs were harvested at the dough maturity stage. Results indicated that application of biofertilizer significantly increased stover dry weight, cob fresh weight, and number of green leaves per plant at harvest. Intercropping with peanuts also affected those observation variables and the height of ear position in the stem, and the “Bison” peanut variety was better than “Kelinci”. Although showing no significant interaction, intercropping with “Bison” did show higher benefits of biofertilization on both dry stover and fresh sweet corn cob weights than those with “Kelinci” variety.
Developing sustainable smallholders of cinnamon by intercropping of patchouli and coffee in Kerinci, Jambi
Authors: Permadi R A , Nurdebyandaru N , Wahyudi A 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCinnamon is one of the spices traded in the international market, Indonesia supplies about 40-50%, and the others come from China, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Madagascar. Smallholders mostly conduct the main cinnamon central productions of cinnamon in The Regency of Kerinci, The Province of Jambi, and The Province of West Sumatera. The problem of cinnamon is harvested from the bark, so it should be cut out of the trunk and must wait more than seven years to harvest. In the case of higher prices, it encourages farmers to harvest more rapidly and expand, so that there are extensive planting and encouraging smallholders to extend shifting cultivation, thereby threatening the sustainability of land resources. The review aimed to addressed possibilities in encouraging farmers to plant patchouli and coffee intercropped with the cinnamon trees to sustain the land resources and increase farmers income. Patchouli and coffee are high economic value crops that common cultivated in Jambi Province, patchouli can be quickly harvested and coffee requires shade. The study suggest that using patchouli and coffee in cinnamon smallholders as an intercrop plant is expected to be more sustainable not only from environmental but also from a social and economic perspective.
Turiman innovation dissemination strategy to improve cropping index
Authors: Purnamayani R , Mardiharini M , Syahbuddin H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The main issue related to the role of innovations in the production of food crops is the lower adoption process, including in the cropping index innovation. One of the innovations in cropping index is the intercropping system of rice namely Turiman. The study aimed was to (1) analyze the factors that influence the process of Turiman innovation dissemination and (2) to formulate an alternate innovation dissemination strategy. The study was conducted through a survey approach in five provinces (Java and Outside Java) in Indonesia, from June to December 2019. The number of respondents (n) was 56 farmers. Data analysis was performed descriptively and inferential using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study indicated that farmers interested in the culture technology components of the Turiman system, especially in the preparation and maintenance stages (indicated by higher loading factor values) than the technology components of harvest and post-harvest. The fit model has a value of AVE >0.5, CR >0.7, and R2 = 82.80% (good). The future strategy needs to consider the support of the local government, farmers’ access to production facilities, capital, markets, and the dynamics of farmer groups.
Optimal irrigation at various soil types for soybean production
Authors: Suriadi A , Zulhaedar F , Nazam M , Hipi A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Water distribution officials at the secondary level mostly have not considered type of soil to distribute water irrigation for soybean cultivation. This study aimed to determine the optimal irrigation for soybean production at various soil types in Lombok. The study was conducted in 3 texture soil types of sandy loam, loam and clay. Each soil type was applied four treatments of irrigation water: 1 time (15 days after sowing, DAS); 2 times (15 and 45 DAS); 3 times (15, 30 and 45 DAS) and 4 times (15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS) and arranged in a completely randomized block design and repeated five times. The results showed that the highest soybean yield was obtained 4 times irrigation in sandy loam soil. In loam soil type, the highest yield of soybean was obtained at 4 times although this was not significantly different with 3 times irrigation. In clay soil type, the highest soybean yield was obtained at 4 times irrigation treatment, but this was almost a similar yield with 3 times irrigation treatments. The study suggests that schedule water delivery for soybean cultivation is recommended to increase soybean production in irrigated land.
Innovation of chili and shallot technology in supporting to development of horticultural commodities of dry land with dry climate (case study in Sugian Village, Sambelia Subdistrict, East Lombok District)
Authors: Hayati N Q , Sulistyaningrum A , Kiloes A M , Prabawati S , Adnan  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Horticultural technology innovation is needed for agricultural development to fulfil nutrition and increase economic value. The research objectives were (1) Obtaining data on the socio-economic characteristics of agriculture on dry land, (2) Analyzing vegetable farming on dry land and (3) Identifying potential development of vegetables on dry land with a dry climate. The number of respondents was 31 peoples. Application of low external input technology for intercropping chili with shallots on dry land, carried out with farmer groups and extension workers on co-operators farmer lands. The results showed that intercropping between chili and tobacco was feasible with feasibility level of the R/C ratio was 3.01. Through this technology, the chili productivity was 10.67 t ha−1 and there is an additional of the yield of shallots one crop with the productivity of 17.33 t ha−1 of wet bulbs. Average productivity per ha for cayenne pepper is 6-7 t ha−1, while the average wet bulb productivity was 15 t ha−1 for sub-optimal land. This means that the application of horticultural technology on dry land can increase the productivity of cayenne pepper and shallots by 64.1 and 15.53%, respectively. Intercropping between chili and shallot is the best choice for chili cultivation on dry land.
The reappearance of the early shoot borer Chilo infuscatellus in Java’s sugarcane
Authors: Wijayanti K S , Garusti  , Asbani N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Chilo infuscatellus is one of the earliest identified and reported borer species from Java’s sugarcane. The study aimed to describe the composition and distribution of the shoot borer species attacking young sugarcane plants. Field surveys were conducted in 19 sampling sites in the sugarcane fields in Malang, Kediri and Pati. The plant samples with dead heart symptoms were taken from fields to the laboratory to be observed the borer’s attacks and identified the species. The finding of C. infuscatellus in all field samples confirmed that this species did not disappear from the sugarcane crop in Java. Along with this borer, other borer species had been discovered, namely C. sacchariphagus, C. auricilius, Tetramoera schistaceana, Scirpophaga excerptalis and Sesamia inferens. Further study needs to be done to investigate the borer distribution across sugarcane producing regions along with its potential loss due to the borer infestation.
Effect of chlorpyriphos in the soil on the onion cultivation and its declining
Authors: Kurnia A , Dewi I F , Makmur R F , Sarwoto  , Harsanti E S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of chlorpyriphos to control the pest attack on onion is high. In certain concentrations, the chlorpyriphos is potentially toxic both to plant and soil organisms. It is important to know the effect of pesticide residue on the crop as supporting data to determine maximum residue limits in soil. This study aims were to 1) determine the effect of chlorpyriphos residues in the soil on the growth of onion 2) determine the effect of chlorpyriphos residues on pest attacks and onion damage 3) determine the level of declining of chlorpyriphos in the soil. The study was conducted in June-August 2018 at the Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute by using a lysimeter as a test site. This study using nine lysimeter plots where 6 plots were polluted with 100 ppm of insecticides formulation solution with active ingredients chlorpyriphos and 3 plots were not polluted. The results showed that contamination of 100 ppm of insecticides formulations with active ingredients of chlorpyriphos into the soil did not inhibit the growth of onion plants, pest attack, and damage. Chlorpyriphos insecticide residue was still detected on the soil on day 7th with a decrease rate of 65.77 % and day 30th with a decrease rate of 99.63 %.
Assessing the vulnerability of food farming system to support climate change adaptation: A case study in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Estiningtyas W , Mulyani A , Sumaryanto  , Kartiwa B 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Increasing resilience to climate change is one of the priorities of the Government of Indonesia. Climate change has a significant impact on the agricultural sector and is projected to global gross domestic product. Java Island, as a center of food production, has a strategic location because of its strong impact on food availability in Indonesia. The study aimed to provide information about the status of the vulnerability of farming system for food at the district/city level in Java Island and the determinant factors that affect the level of vulnerability. The analysis was based on soil fertility, water availability and demand, climate, and socio-economy expressed in terms of exposure and sensitivity index and adaptation capacity index using the quadrant method. The results show that 20% of districts/cities in Java have very high levels of vulnerability. The main determinants identified in Java are the ratio of the number of extension agents and the number of farmer groups/rice field area and the rice consumption ratio to total carbohydrate food. The results of this study can be used as a reference in determining priority locations and formulating adaptation programs and actions to reduce the impact of climate change.
Assessing freshwater water balance in Cimanuk River Basin
Authors: Trinugroho M W , Nguyen D H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Indramayu Estuary plays a vital role in the sufficiency of food crop production in Indonesia. Managing freshwater inflows is essential due to the complex interaction between river flow and water extraction for multiple users. This study aimed to evaluate the freshwater water balance in the lower Cimanuk River Basin, West Java, Indonesia. The hydrological, meteorological, and statistical data were analyzed the water availability and demand. The Water Evaluation and Planning System model was used to evaluate water demand and supply, taking into account changes in river flow. The model was calibrated using the streamflow and the water requirement for irrigation, fishery, domestic, and industries. The study showed that the Lower Cimanuk River Basin’s current water shortages were relatively high, indicated by flow discharge of only 2.7 to 48.04 CMS from August to December 2020. This shortage would become a critical constraint in which coverage of water demand does not satisfied water users for irrigating food crop cultivation in the areas and it is threatening the sustainability of food need nationally. Therefore, it is necessary to store freshwater inflow in the study area for the relevant decision-makers by rubber dam restoration at the lower Cimanuk River Basin.
Soil CO2 emissions from a rubber plantation on tropical peat during a strong El Niño year
Authors: Wakhid N , Nurzakiah S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
El Niño event potentially enhances the soil CO2 emissions due to the prolonged of the dry season which lowers the groundwater level more. However, field information on the effect of the El Niño years on the soil respiration is limited in Indonesia’s peatlands. The aim of this study is to compare the soil respiration between normal and El Niño years. We measured soil CO2 efflux using a closed chamber system monthly, in near and far positions from rubber trees, on the dry season from July to October, in normal year of 2014 and strong El Niño year of 2015, on a rubber plantation established on peat soil. No significant relationship was found between soil respiration with groundwater level or soil temperature. We found that soil respiration in the strong El Niño year of 2015 of 9.56 μ mol m−2 s−1 was significantly larger than that in the normal year of 2014 at 5.11 μ mol m−2 s−1. We expected this finding can be used as the first baseline information regarding soil CO2 emissions under different climatic conditions and challenging how to manage the peatland for mitigating high soil CO2 emissions during El Niño events.
Excessive amount of rainfall decreases oil palm yield on well-drained peatland
Authors: Marwanto S , Hendri J , Salwati  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Low inputs of smallholder plantation in drained peatland causes the low oil palm yield. Extreme environmental factors in tropics, such as excessive rainfall, may also reduce the yield. The research objective was to evaluate the effect of the amount of rainfall on oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield. Two study sites with different drainage condition of well (WD) and fair (FD) drained oil palm plantations on peatland was carried out from 2018 to 2019 in Jambi Province, Indonesia. The daily rainfall was monitored using a manual rain gauge. FFB yield was monitored every two weeks, following the farmer’s practice. This study showed that the excessive amount of rainfall in WD plantation site decreased FFB yield in the subsequent weeks after the rainfall events. The higher the amount of rainfall the longer the recovery of FFB yield occurs. The lowering FFB yield was possibly affected by nutrient deficiency due to nutrient transportation through water movement during the event of high rainfall amount. The FFB yield in the FD site was not affected by rainfall, reflected the higher nutrient availability of FD compared to that of WD. Based on these findings, it is confirmed that well-drained agricultural peatland is a fragile ecosystem in terms of nutrient loss.
Dynamics of carbon of peat soils under several land uses in Kampar Peninsula, Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Suratman  , Widiatmaka  , Pramudya B , Purwanto M Y J , Agus F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
One of the main sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions is CO2 from peat decomposition. Land management, especially drainage, can trigger decomposition, causing carbon content depletion in peat soils. In this study, carbon dynamic was evaluated under various land uses of the peatland in Kampar Peninsula, Riau, Indonesia. Secondary data from 2016, supplemented by primary data until 2018 have been analysed to obtain multi-temporal data. The dynamic of land use types was analysed by interpreting multi-temporal imagery and ground check in the field. Results show that from 2016 to 2018, there was a soil carbon content decrease in the lands with intensive management, namely estate corps, Industrial Forest Plantation (IFP) and upland crops ranging from 0.12 to 1.39% per year. On the other hand, there was an increase of average carbon content on unmanaged land, covered by grass and shrub, between 0.24 to 0.75% per year. Below-ground carbon stock in the study area was between 1,926 to 6,644 Mg ha−1, the lowest was happened to be in abandoned bush land, and the highest was in the peat forest-bush area, and the variation was related to the peat depth.
Climate change impact on rice productivity in the rainfed Merauke District, Papua
Authors: Beding P A , Palobo F , Tiro B M W , Lestari R H S , Rumbarar M K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rainfed rice are highly dependent on rainfall resulting limitation on planting period. Meanwhile, the rainfall itself is greatly influenced by climate change. Furthermore, plant growth and quality depend on the interaction between environmental factors and plant genetic factors. This study aims to determine the impact of climate change (rainfall) on rainfed rice productivity in Merauke Regency. The research was conducted in the rainfed area of Merauke Regency as focused production center of rice. The data used in this study were data on rainfall, temperature, solar radiation, humidity, planting area, harvest area and yield. The research method used in this research is descriptive method (descriptive analysis) quantitative and qualitative analyzed by regression correlation. The climate change in 2015 gave a negative effect on rainfed lowland rice production in Merauke Regency due to decreasing of the harvest area that affected on decreasing in rice production.
Planting time options to improve rice productivity based on the Integrated KATAM recommendations
Authors: Dewi E R , Susanti E , Apriyana Y 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe information system of integrated cropping calendar (KATAM) has been broadly applied in Indonesia and become a guideline for the users entering the next planting season, however, it allows limited options of planting time of one season. The aim of this study was to evaluate planting time scenarios to improve rice productivity using the crop simulation model Agricultural Production System Simulator (APSIM) in Bogor. Options evaluated considered three planting times, the growing season and water treatment. The simulated productivity values between 3 planting times were compared and analyzed. Result showed that APSIM could simulate productivity with a reasonably good accuracy (EF=0.74) across the different planting times following the season. For the irrigated rice, the late planting resulted similar productivity to the KATAM planting within the rainy (5.1 to 5.5 t ha−1) and dry season (5.6 to 5.8 t ha−1), whereas the early planting resulted the lowest productivity (3 to 5 t ha−1). For the rainfed rice, the early planting presented the same productivity as the KATAM planting within the rainy (2.9 to 3.2 t ha−1) and dry season (4.0 to 4.3 t ha−1), respectively. This study confirmed simulation modeling is a useful tool in providing options for rice cropping systems and that a planting time based on the prevailing season conditions will ensure the acceptable rice productivity.