bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satellite Cell Expression of RAGE is Important for Collateral Vessel Formation
Authors: Hansen Laura , Joseph Giji , Taylor W. Robert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe growth and remodeling of vascular networks is an important component of the prognosis for patients with peripheral artery disease. One protein that has been previously implicated to play a role in this process is the receptor for advanced glycation end products or RAGE. This study sought to determine the cellular source of RAGE in the ischemic hindlimb and the role of RAGE signaling in this cell type.Approach and ResultsUsing a hind limb ischemia model of vascular growth, this study found skeletal muscle satellite cells to be a novel major cellular source of RAGE in ischemic tissue by both staining and cellular sorting. While wild type satellite cells increased TNFα and MCP-1 production in response to ischemiain vivoand a RAGE ligandin vitro, satellite cells from RAGE knockout mice lacked the increase in cytokine production both in vivo in response to ischemia and in vitro after stimuli with the RAGE ligand HMGB-1. Furthermore, encapsulated wild type satellite cells improved perfusion after hind limb ischemia surgery by both perfusion staining and vessel quantification but RAGE knockout satellite cells provided no improvement over empty capsules.ConclusionsThus, RAGE expression and signaling in satellite cells is crucial for their response to stimuli and angiogenic and arteriogenic functions.Graphical Abstract
Sino-Western rivalry in the COVID-19 “vaccine wars”–A race to the bottom?
Authors: Wong Wilson Kia Onn 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis paper analyses the escalating Sino-Western race to develop a safe, efficacious and durable vaccine (i.e. “Goldilocks COVID-19 vaccine”). It argues that such efforts would be considerably more effective if there is greater international cooperation instead of the corrosive rivalry driven by misplaced nationalism.Design/methodology/approachThis study deploys a case-study approach, supported by literature on existing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine development efforts.FindingsDespite the seeming success of recent COVID-19 vaccines, their actual efficacy is far from certain. Moreover, access to these vaccines would not be equitable internationally. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that their unique properties make storage and distribution prohibitively expensive, and international mechanisms to provide distribution to economically depressed regions are non-existent. Given the significant difficulties, it would be incumbent upon the great powers (i.e. China and America) to work together not only in vaccine development but also in the establishment of a distribution platform to ensure equitable access worldwide.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few social science research papers on COVID-19 vaccine development and its implications for society at large.
Investment appraisal and financial benefits of corporate green buildings: a developing economy case study
Authors: Verma Saurabh , Mandal Satya N. , Robinson Spenser , Bajaj Deepak , Saxena Anupam 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis case study aims to appraise the financial benefits of green building construction in developing countries. The case study presents, green building's positive net present value (NPV) investment in real terms and potentially enhanced stock market returns at the firm level compared to competitors.Design/methodology/approachThe case study examines secondary data on a green building certification and longitudinal operation costs to estimate green building investments' financial benefits. The case study also compares the stock market performance of green building portfolio company with non-green building competitors of similar size and industry.FindingsThe case study finds out that the real return rate on green building investment is higher than the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of the company with an inflation-adjusted payback period of fewer than ten years. Findings compare favourably to the extant literature which was mostly in developed economies. The paper further highlights that stock market performance for a green building focused company shows improved returns to shareholders relative to non-green competitors.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are specific to the time and building researched; green buildings costs have reduced over time, and a new study may show improved case study findings. The case study results on stock market performance are indicative and may need further research for evaluation.Practical implicationsThe case study presents a model for critical appraisal of green buildings investment. The paper further indicates that green building investment may lead to operational savings and superior stock performance compared to competitors.Originality/valueThe paper presents a green building investment appraisal model which might be useful for the industry and academia. Developing countries have limited literature on green buildings' financial benefits; this case study quantifies the financial benefits and compares them with the available literature related to developed economies’ green buildings.
Using optimal choice of parameters for meta-extreme learning machine method in wind energy application
Authors: Dokur Emrah , Karakuzu Cihan , Yüzgeç Uğur , Kurban Mehmet 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with the optimal choice of a novel extreme learning machine (ELM) architecture based on an ensemble of classic ELM called Meta-ELM structural parameters by using a forecasting process.

Design/methodology/approach
The modelling performance of the Meta-ELM architecture varies depending on the network parameters it contains. The choice of Meta-ELM parameters is important for the accuracy of the models. For this reason, the optimal choice of Meta-ELM parameters is investigated on the problem of wind speed forecasting in this paper. The hourly wind-speed data obtained from Bilecik and Bozcaada stations in Turkey are used. The different number of ELM groups (M) and nodes (Nh) are analysed for determining the best modelling performance of Meta-ELM. Also, the optimal Meta-ELM architecture forecasting results are compared with four different learning algorithms and a hybrid meta-heuristic approach. Finally, the linear model based on correlation between the parameters was given as three dimensions (3D) and calculated.

Findings
It is observed that the analysis has better performance for parameters of Meta-ELM, M = 15 − 20 and Nh = 5 − 10. Also considering the performance metric, the Meta-ELM model provides the best results in all regions and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm -feed forward neural network and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system -particle swarm optimization show competitive results for forecasting process. In addition, the Meta-ELM provides much better results in terms of elapsed time.

Originality/value
The original contribution of the study is to investigate of determination Meta-ELM parameters based on forecasting process.
Doctoral capital and well-being amongst Australian PhD students: exploring capital and habitus of doctoral students
Authors: Usher Wayne , McCormack Brittany A. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe Higher Degree Research (HDR) journey is known for its difficulties, complexities and challenges (Lees-Deutsch, 2020), with many students experiencing multi-faceted issues and concerns (Skopek et al., 2020). Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships that exist between variables, vulnerability factors and doctorial capital of candidates (n = 532) studying at Australian universities (2019).Design/methodology/approachA quantitative cross-sectional correlational research design and Bronfenbrenner's socio – ecological framework (personal, home, university, community) was utilised to collect participants' (n = 532) descriptive statistics. Bourdieu's social reproduction theory was used as a lens to examine how experiences, across the PhD candidature, are influenced by several psychosocial factors and doctoral capital.FindingsFrom such a dual methodological approach, the findings from this study suggests that (1) age, (2) gender, (3) nationality, (4) financial/work status, (5) years of PhD and (6) attending postgraduate (PG) student events, go to significantly (p < 0.001) impact (positively and negatively) on students' experiences and correspondingly, impacts on their self-confidence, motivation and mental health and well-being status.Research limitations/implicationsResearch limitations are related to the recruitment of more doctoral students across more Australian universities. Further research is required from HDR supervisors, so as to “balance” the experiences of the PhD journey in higher education.Practical implicationsIn order to succeed in academia and HDR programs, students need to identify with and develop the “right kind of capital” to successfully navigate fields of social and scholarly play. Investigating how the participants perceive their social and scholarly habitus is seen as crucial in helping students to develop positive dispositions relevant to being a doctoral student.Social implicationsThe concept of doctoral capital and well-being, amongst Australian PhD students, is under researched and requires further investigation as a precursor to developing more specific policy designs aimed at providing heightened positive learning environments/HDR programs tailored to support doctoral students.Originality/valueWhilst reforms to improve PhD experiences are well established across the international literature (Geven et al., 2018; Skopek et al., 2020), evidence for Australia is largely missing. It is envisaged, that findings from this research will further assist in the development of quality policies that would go to provide effective services and support for doctoral students within Australian universities.
Moving learning online and the COVID-19 pandemic: a university response
Authors: Webb Aleksandra , McQuaid Ronald William , Webster C. William R. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis article investigates some ongoing issues faced by higher education institutions (HEIs) having to rapidly move their teaching online during the early stages of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe article incorporates a review of academic and policy literature concerning digitalisation and online learning in universities and qualitative interviews with staff involved in online teaching and learning at a university in Scotland.FindingsFor most HEIs and organisations across the globe, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the speed at which digitalisation and digital ways of working have been embedded in organisational life and service delivery including new ways of learning and working. This has led to a recognition of the need for practically focused, effective inclusive digital interventions. A range of initiatives that have been developed or accelerated in response to the pandemic are discussed. These should be explicitly designed and implemented to also reach individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds, including those with low-skill levels or qualifications and older age groups. Effort is also needed by policymakers and HEIs to better understand the challenges and unintended consequences that digital learning and working poses.Research limitations/implicationsMore research is needed into the methods and implications of increased online teaching. The range of interviewees is limited to one main organisation. A wider range of staff, students, HEIs and other types of organisation would add additional insights.Practical implicationsInsights from interviews highlight a number of institutional responses to digitalisation, which were accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. These identify learning and reflection points for HEIs moving to enhanced online teaching provision.Originality/valueThis article provides an analysis of the processes, issues and impacts associated with the rapid shift to digitisation in HEIs at a point in time shortly following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. It raises issues around inclusivity of online learning, pedagogy, unintended consequences of digitalisation and privacy, when moving to online teaching that are relevant both during the pandemic and in the longer term.
Determinants of accounting students’ undergraduate learning satisfaction
Authors: Adler Ralph , Roberts Helen , Crombie Neil , Dixon Keith 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper examines factors that influence the learning satisfaction of business school students in general and accounting students in particular. Guided by both the literature and the findings from a series of eight focus group sessions involving 43 university undergraduates, a research instrument capable of examining factors associated with student learning satisfaction was designed. Survey responses from 548 students generated seven factors of student satisfaction, with students attributing high importance to all seven factors. It was further found that gender and student major moderated the relationship between the seven factors and students’ reported learning satisfaction.
Combining apical torsional load and cyclic fatigue resistance of NiTi instruments: New approach to determine the effective lifespan of rotary instruments
Authors: Iacono Francesco , Pirani Chiara , Gatto Maria Rosaria , Prati Carlo , Peters Ove A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the described proof‐of‐principle experiments, we introduced a novel testing device to investigate how different concurrent torsional loads influence the cyclic fatigue (CF) resistance of a nickel–titanium (NiTi) instrument. The device was designed to test CF resistance of NiTi files with a standardized load on the apical 5 mm; a movable cylinder controlled by a lever provided a uniform real‐time load. Thirty‐three NiTi instruments 25.04 (F360, Komet, Lemgo, Germany) were rotated until fracture at 30° curvature under three different torsional loads (n = 11 each); Group A: 2.5 Ncm; Group B: 5 Ncm; Group C: 10 Ncm. anova, multiple comparisons Tamhane tests, regression and Kaplan–Meyer analysis were performed to contrast means. Resistance to cyclic fatigue differed significantly among groups (P = 0.0001). Increased torsional loads led to a decrease in time to failure. An inverse correlation (r = −0.721, P = 0.001) was observed between time and torsional load, with higher torsional loads correlated to shorter times to fracture.
Retinal oximetry with a prototype handheld oximeter during hyperoxia
Authors: Vehmeijer Wouter B. , Jonkman Kelly , Hardarson Sveinn H. , Aarts Leon , Stefansson Einar , Dahan Albert , Schalij‐Delfos Nicoline E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeRetinal oximetry measures oxygen saturation in retinal vessels. With the introduction of a mobile handheld prototype oximeter, this technique will become available for a broader patient population including bedridden patients and newborn babies. The objective is to determine the sensitivity of this handheld oximeter in room air and during isocapnic hyperoxia. A comparison is made between the handheld oximeter and the Oxymap T1.MethodsThirteen young healthy subjects with a mean age of 25 ± 2 years were recruited at the Leiden University Medical Center. Retinal oximetry images were acquired during normoxia and during isocapnic hyperoxia for both the prototype oximeter and the OxymapT1. Isocapnic hyperoxia was induced with the dynamic end‐tidal forcing technique. For both oximeters, the oxygen saturation and vessel width were measured with Oxymap Analyzer software. The hyperoxic state was verified with blood gas analysis.ResultsThe mean oxygen saturation measured with the handheld oximeter in arterioles was 91.3% ± 3.9% during normoxia and 94.6% ± 3.9% during hyperoxia (p = 0.001). Oxygen saturation in venules was 56.3% ± 9.8% during normoxia and 82.2 ± 7.4% during hyperoxia (p < 0.001). For the Oxymap T1, the mean oxygen saturation for arterioles was 94.0% ± 2.6% during normoxia and 95.4%±3.2% during hyperoxia (p = 0.004). For the venules, the oxygen saturation was during normoxia 58.9%±3.2% and 84.3 ± 4.0% during hyperoxia (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe handheld retinal oximeter is sensitive to the changes in inhaled oxygen concentration. A small increase in oxygen saturation was measured in the arterioles and a larger increase in the venules. The handheld oximeter gives similar values as the ‘gold standard’ Oxymap T1 oximeter.
Physiological responses to a school task: The role of student–teacher relationships and students’ emotional appraisal
Authors: Mastromatteo Libera Ylenia , Zaccoletti Sonia , Mason Lucia , Scrimin Sara 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundTo be successful, students must learn to deal with socially and cognitively demanding tasks. Much remains unknown about the effects of previous classroom experiences and of students’ emotional appraisal of a task on their physiological adaptive responses to it.AimsTo investigate how children’s physiological response to a social and cognitive task would be directly and interactively influenced by the perceived student–teacher relationship and by children’s emotional appraisal of what reaction they expect to have while completing the task.MethodsOne hundred and sixteen second and third graders took part in the study. Children completed a cognitive and social stress task. Before the task, they were interviewed on their emotional appraisal of the task and on student–teacher relationships. Children’s cardiac activity was registered at rest and during the task to measure physiological activation (heart rate) and self‐regulation (heart rate variability).ResultsHeart rate variability during the task was positively correlated with the appraised emotional valence of the task and of being observed while doing it. Regression analyses showed that children’s physiological self‐regulation during the task was affected by the interaction between student–teacher relationships and appraised emotional valence of being observed. Only among children who had experienced negative student–teacher relationships, an active physiological self‐regulation was observed in response to the task when they expected it to be positive compared to when they perceived it as negative.ConclusionsChildren’s emotional appraisal of tasks and the quality of student–teacher relationships are important to promote a functional physiological response of self‐regulation that underlies academic functioning and well‐being at school.
Microglial/Macrophage polarization and function in brain injury and repair after stroke
Authors: Lyu Junxuan , Xie Di , Bhatia Tarun N. , Leak Rehana K. , Hu Xiaoming , Jiang Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality, with limited treatment options. After stroke injury, microglia and CNS‐resident macrophages are rapidly activated and regulate neuropathological processes to steer the course of functional recovery. To accelerate this recovery, microglia can engulf dying cells and clear irreparably‐damaged tissues, thereby creating a microenvironment that is more suitable for the formation of new neural circuitry. In addition, monocyte‐derived macrophages cross the compromised blood‐brain barrier to infiltrate the injured brain. The specific functions of myeloid lineage cells in brain injury and repair are diverse and dependent on phenotypic polarization statuses. However, it remains to be determined to what degree the CNS‐invading macrophages occupy different functional niches from CNS‐resident microglia. In this review, we describe the physiological characteristics and functions of microglia in the developing and adult brain. We also review (a) the activation and phenotypic polarization of microglia and macrophages after stroke, (b) molecular mechanisms that control polarization status, and (c) the contribution of microglia to brain pathology versus repair. Finally, we summarize current breakthroughs in therapeutic strategies that calibrate microglia/macrophage responses after stroke.
Animal models for the study of depressive disorder
Authors: Song Juhyun , Kim Young‐Kook 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDepressive disorder is one of the most widespread forms of psychiatric pathology, worldwide. According to a report by the World Health Organization, the number of people with depression, globally, is increasing dramatically with each year. Previous studies have demonstrated that various factors, including genetics and environmental stress, contribute to the risk of depression. As such, it is crucial to develop a detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of depressive disorder and animal studies are essential for identifying the mechanisms and genetic disorders underlying depression. Recently, many researchers have reported on the pathology of depression via various models of depressive disorder. Given that different animal models of depression show differences in terms of patterns of depressive behavior and pathology, the comparison between depressive animal models is necessary for progress in the field of the depression study. However, the various animal models of depression have not been fully compared or evaluated until now. In this paper, we reviewed the pathophysiology of the depressive disorder and its current animal models with the analysis of their transcriptomic profiles. We provide insights for selecting different animal models for the study of depression.
Women and Global South strikingly underrepresented among top‐publishing ecologists
Authors: Maas Bea , Pakeman Robin J , Godet Laurent , Smith Linnea , Devictor Vincent , Primack Richard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe global scientific community has become increasingly diverse over recent decades, but is this ongoing development also reflected among top‐publishing authors and potential scientific leaders? We surveyed 13 leading journals in ecology, evolution, and conservation to investigate the diversity of the 100 top‐publishing authors in each journal between 1945 and 2019. Out of 1051 individual top‐publishing authors, only 11% are women. The United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, and Canada account for more than 75% of top‐publishing authors, while countries of the Global South (as well as Russia, Japan, and South Korea) were strikingly underrepresented. The number of top‐publishing authors who are women and/or are from the Global South is increasing only slowly over time. We outline transformative actions that scientific communities can take to enhance diversity, equity and inclusion at author, leadership, and society level. The resulting promotion of scientific innovation and productivity is essential for the development of global solutions in conservation science.