bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concentric Ring Trajectory Sampling With k‐Space Reordering Enables Assessment of Tissue‐Specific T1 and T2 Relaxation for 2H‐Labeled Substrates in the Human Brain at 7 T
Authors: Bader Viola , Strasser Bernhard , Bogner Wolfgang , Hingerl Lukas , Frese Sabina , Duguid Anna , Osburg Aaron , Clarke William T. , Motyka Stanislav , Krssak Martin , Trattnig Siegfried , Scherer Thomas , Lanzenberger Rupert , Niess Fabian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDeuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is an emerging Magnetic Resonance technique providing valuable insight into the dynamics of cellular glucose (Glc) metabolism of the human brain in vivo using deuterium‐labeled (2H) glucose as non‐invasive tracer. Reliable concentration estimation of 2H‐Glc and downstream synthesized neurotransmitters glutamate + glutamine (Glx) requires accurate knowledge of relaxation times, but so far tissue‐specific T1 and T2 relaxation times (e.g., in gray and white matter) have not been determined. Such measurements are time‐consuming and particularly challenging in the presence of dynamically changing metabolite levels (e.g. 2H Glc and 2H Glx).This study aimed to assess T1 and T2 relaxation times of deuterated resonances, i.e., water, Glc and Glx in human gray and white matter using inversion recovery and Hahn spin‐echo 2H MRSI (magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging), respectively, with non‐Cartesian concentric ring trajectory readout (CRT) including specific k‐space reordering at 7 T. The sequence was validated using phantom measurements and all results were compared to unlocalized acquisitions. Thirteen healthy volunteers participated in the study, with 10 of them scanned ~90 min after oral administration of 0.8 g/kg [6,6′‐2H]‐glucose. Significantly different T1 and T2 relaxation was observed between GM and WM for 2H water (T1GM/WM/unlocalized = 358 ± 21/328 ± 12/335 m ± 6 ms, p = 0.01) and 2H Glx (T2GM/WM/unlocalized = 37 ± 2/35 ± 2/33 ± 3 ms, p = 0.02), respectively, consistent with unlocalized acquisitions. No significant regional differences were found for 2H water (T2GM/WM/unlocalized = 36 ± 2/34 ± 2/31 ± 2 ms, p = 0.08), 2H Glc (T1GM/WM/unlocalized = 70 ± 5/73 ± 4/80 ± 5 ms, p = 0.13; T2GM/WM/unlocalized = 36 ± 1/34 ± 2/34 ± 2 ms, p = 0.24) and Glx (T1GM/WM/unlocalized = 172 ± 15/172 ± 12/165 ± 11 ms, p = 1.00).Knowledge of tissue‐specific relaxation times can enhance the accuracy of concentration estimation and metabolic flux rates in future studies, potentially improving our understanding of various brain diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases or diabetes, which are often linked to impaired glucose metabolism.
Indentation damage identification of carbon fiber composite laminates based on modal acoustic emission and machine learning
Authors: Xue Sai‐nan , Wang Jie , Liang Ya‐zhao , Ma Lian‐hua , Zhou Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a damage signal recognition for carbon fiber composites based on modal acoustic emission is proposed, which can realize the damage classification of acoustic emission signals. First, according to modal analysis results of the acoustic source signal obtained from the pencil lead breakage experiment, digital filters are designed to realize the mode separation of symmetric (S0) and anti‐symmetric (A0) in the acoustic emission signal. Based on the modal characteristics of the damage signals, an algorithm for the recognition of damage signals is established. The accuracy of damage signal recognition in pure matrix cracking and fiber breakage is 97.9% and 96.2%, respectively. Then, the algorithm is used to identify the damage signal during the indentation experiment of the carbon fiber composite laminates and analyze the damage evolution process. Finally, using the machine learning method to locate the damage location during the indentation experiment, the error between the predicted acoustic emission source and the actual results is less than 2.8%. In this study, the classification of damage modes and the location of damaged sound sources during the indentation experiment of carbon fiber composite laminates were realized, which provided a reference for structural health monitoring of composite materials.Highlights
AE technique is used to study the indentation damage of CFRP laminates.
An algorithm for damage signal recognition based on MAE is proposed.
Prediction of damaged location by combining AE and machine learning.
Effectively realizes damage signal classification and location prediction.
Enhancing the material properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibers through carbon nanotube and carbon nanotube:graphene incorporation
Authors: Kalaoglu‐Altan Ozlem Ipek , Karagüzel Kayaoğlu Burçak , Trabzon Levent 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, a carbon nanotube:multilayer graphene (CNT:G) hybrid nanofiller was constructed and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) based composite nanofibers containing CNT, or CNT:G were electrospun and characterized in order to fabricate thermally conductive polymer nanomats. Particular attention was directed toward investigating the effects of CNT and CNT:G in enhancing thermal stability, thermal conductivity coefficient, and heat dissipation efficiency of the composite nanofibers. The thermal conductivity coefficient of neat rPET nanofibers was found as 12.753 W/mK while it increased to 34.437, 38.713, and 96.957 W/mK with 0.25%, 1%, and 5% of CNT incorporation, respectively. When hybrid nanofillers were used at a loading of 1%, the thermal conductivity coefficients for rPET/CNT:G nanofibers with CNT:G ratios of 1:1 and 1:3 respectively increased to 62.229, and 47.62 W/mK. The heat dissipation efficiency of the rPET nanofibers was also enhanced upon nanofiller incorporation which was illustrated with infrared thermography data. The results suggest the use of both CNT‐ and CNT:G‐loaded rPET composite nanofibers as promising textile materials for passive cooling applications.Highlights
Hybrid CNT:G nanofillers are synthesized with weight ratios of 1:1 and 1:3.
rPET/CNT and rPET/CNT:G composite nanofibers are electrospun.
The thermal conductivity coefficients of the composite nanofibers are improved.
The composite nanofibers are also mechanically enhanced.
Value‐added rPET products as thermal management materials are proposed.
Scoping review of drug dosing recommendations in sustained low‐efficiency dialysis
Authors: Nelson Nicholas R. , Quinn Nicholas J. , Bills Stephanie , Dellabella Alexander , Gregar Sarah E. , Lear Alyssa , Marsolek Legacy , Mounce Crystal , Tobin Morgan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe objective of this scoping review was to answer the question, “What has been published describing drug dosing in sustained low‐efficiency dialysis (SLED)?” PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched on November 18, 2022. Methodology followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework for scoping reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Two investigators independently screened abstracts and full‐texts of citations identified related to drug dosing and SLED. Exclusion criteria included case reports, conference abstracts, pediatrics, treatment dialysis, and non‐human subjects. A standardized data extraction sheet was used to collate and summarize data. The quality of evidence was evaluated by two investigators using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A total of 230 citations were identified for screening. Of these, 29 studies met criteria for inclusion after full‐text review. Four drug groups including beta‐lactam antibiotics, non‐beta‐lactam antibiotics, antifungals, and levetiracetam were identified. Dialysate rates, dialysis durations, and medication doses used varied widely across studies. Outcomes and pharmacokinetic parameters that were assessed were also heterogenous. Drug dosing in SLED is challenging and there is minimal evidence available to guide appropriate dosing. Larger studies are needed to more accurately determine how to appropriately dose medications in SLED. Therapeutic drug monitoring should be used in all patients on SLED when available.
The Role of Self‐Esteem and Class Climate in Boarding Adolescents’ Bullying Victimization and Suicidal Ideation in Rural China
Authors: Chen Xu , Xiao Ziyi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSuicidal ideation is a high risk factor for suicidal behavior in disadvantaged adolescents. This study aimed to reveal the potential mechanism underlying the influence of bullying victimization on suicidal ideation among boarding adolescents. A total of 2317 boarding adolescents from rural schools in Southwest China completed four questionnaires, namely, bullying victimization, self‐esteem, class climate and suicidal ideation. The results showed that (1) the prevalence of suicidal ideation was relatively high among rural boarders (29.4%), and there were significant gender and grade differences (mostly girls and eighth‐grade students were the most prevalent groups, p < 0.05); (2) bullying victimization was significantly correlated with boarding adolescents’ suicidal ideation and positively predicted their suicidal ideation (r = 0.26, p < 0.001; β = 0.25, p < 0.001); (3) self‐esteem played a crucial mediating role between boarding adolescents’ bullying victimization and suicide ideation in rural schools (β = 0.04, 95% confidence interval did not include 0); and (4) class climate moderated the mediating effect of self‐esteem. A positive class climate was found to be conducive to preventing suicidal ideation in bullied boarding adolescents, while a negative class climate was found to be more likely to stimulate suicidal ideation (β = ‐0.06, p < 0.05). Intervention activities based on self‐esteem and class climate are key to preventing the psychological crisis of boarding adolescents in rural China.
Gravitational Deflection of Massive Body Around Global Monopole
Authors: Rahaman Farook , Amin Ruhul , Hasan Mahmud , Islam Anikul , Ray Saibal , Aziz Abdul , Pundeer Naeem Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe non‐minimally coupled global monopole is a point like topological defect that may have been created during the phase transitions in the early universe. It is argued that topological defects are responsible for the structure formation of the galaxies and monopole could be the galactic dark matter in the spiral galaxies. In this article, the deflection of massive particle by the global monopole is studied. This basically makes sense as global monopole produces strong gravitational field due to enormous energy density allied with the Nambu–Goldstone field adjoining the monopole. The energy density of the monopole is decreasing with distance as and as a result global monopole structure plays an important role to explain the flatness of rotation curves of the outer region of various galaxies.
Relationship Between Sexual Function, Health‐Promoting Behaviors, and Quality of Life in Female Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Luo Ting , Xie Liu , Chen Sisi , Huang Lingzhi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic progressive exacerbation of cardiopulmonary vascular disease. The patients' exercise endurance decreased progressively and the survival rate was low. Current basic therapy and targeted drug therapy can improve the quality of life (QoL) of PAH patients, but the long‐term efficacy and prognosis are not good. In this study, the female sexual function index (FSFI) scale, Health Promoting Life Style Profile (HPLPII), and emPHasis‐10 were used to evaluate PAH patients' sexual function, health‐promoting behaviors and QoL. Their correlation and the moderating effect of health promoting behavior were conducted. In total, 306 female patients responded. Age ranged from 18 to 69 years old and the mean age was (38.049 ± 10.686). The average score of sexual function in female PAH patients was (21.703 ± 8.947) points, and the detection rate of sexual dysfunction was 51.307%. The average score of health‐promoting behaviors and QoL was (121.915 ± 13.507) points and (17.992 ± 10.245) points respectively. QoL was significantly negatively correlated with sexual function and health‐promoting behaviors, while sexual function was significantly positively correlated with health‐promoting behaviors. The health‐promoting behaviors of female patients with PAH has a moderating effect between sexual function and QoL. The sexual function, health‐promoting behaviors and QoL of female PAH patients were all at an general level. Improving the level of health‐promoting behaviors could reduce the negative predictive effect of sexual function on QoL.
Quantum Key Recovery Attacks On Prøst‐COPA and Prøst‐OTR Using Simon's Algorithm
Authors: Liu Wen‐Jie , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDue to its innovative and performance advantages, Prøst‐COPA and Prøst‐OTR have attracted widespread attention. For the Prøst‐COPA without associated data and with associated data, the corresponding quantum key recovery attacks are proposed using Simon's algorithm, respectively. In the first scenario, the messages are used to calculate the Message Authentication Code (MAC) and construct a period function to recover the secret parameter . Then, utilizing ciphertext, a periodic function is constructed with a periodic value equal to the key value. MAC is calculated from messages and the associated data in the second scenario. Considering the impact of the associated data on the periodicity of the function, the messages are treated as a constant and further construct two periodic functions to recover the secret parameter and the key. For Prøst‐OTR, by constructing two periodic functions using two tags with different numbers of message blocks, the secret parameter can be recovered, and then the key can be recovered using Simon's algorithm. Compared to the classical attacks, the quantum‐based methods only require quantum queries (where is the message block size), resulting in an exponential speed acceleration and the success probability of the method is close to 1. These methods also show a lower query complexity than the state‐of‐the‐art quantum methods.
Efficient Satellite QKD Strategy Using High‐Brightness Entangled Photon‐Pair Source with Fixed‐Intensity
Authors: Kim Jin‐Woo , Lim Suseong , Kim Heonoh , Rhee June‐Koo Kevin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA high‐brightness entangled photon‐pair (HBEPP) source is essential for long‐reach entanglement‐based quantum key distribution (QKD) such as in a satellite QKD system. An ultrabright source is a good candidate to overcome significant losses and to increase the sifted key rate, but the performance is critically limited due to the multi‐photon effect that raises the error rate of the system. To accurately estimate system performance, this study first investigates an analytical model for calculating the measurement probabilities of HBEPP distribution through an asymmetric loss channel. Based on this model, this study proposes the use of a fixed‐intensity HBEPP source for satellite QKD systems, assuming a polarization‐independent channel and threshold detectors for measurement. This study confirms that fixing the mean photon number at achieves a performance of compared to the ideal one‐way communication entanglement‐based satellite QKD protocol, which is effectively optimizing the HBEPP source brightness in accordance with system losses.
The New Viking Age: A speculative historical archaeology
Authors: Baron Joanne 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWritten in response to the Nordic Krone scheme described in Mandirola's (2025) fictional brochure, this essay continues the fiction, presenting a historical and archaeological look back on the Nordic Council 200 years after its formation. In confusing a measure of economic output (e.g. money) with the output itself, the Nordic Council has doomed its society to violence and collapse.
Unveiling the pandemic's shadow: A ground report on COVID‐19 impact on transgender community in India
Authors: Raja Rameez , Khan Mohd Azam , Rajab Mudasir 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhile the COVID‐19 pandemic had a global impact, the transgender community faced pre‐existing vulnerabilities. Analyzing the pandemic's effects on this marginalized group is crucial for formulating strategies to mitigate future crises. Using a convergent parallel mixed‐method approach, 335 transgender respondents were recruited through purposive sampling and analyzed using descriptive statistics, cross‐tabulation, and critical discourse analysis. The findings reported that transgender persons with COVID symptoms were not accessing medical facilities, and the mental health of transgender people was highly impacted. Nearly one‐third (n = 96, 28%) and one‐fourth (n = 76, 22.7%) of transgender respondents engaged in sex work and begging for survival, respectively, and many faced high difficulties accessing food or groceries. One‐third (n = 107, 31.9%) reported disconnectedness, and half of the respondents (n = 178, 53.1%) experienced increased feelings of social isolation due to COVID‐19 restrictions.The COVID‐19 pandemic had significant and varied impacts and required an urgent need for targeted interventions to address these multifaceted issues and mitigate the adverse effects on the lives of transgender individuals.
Regulation of Electron Cloud Density by Electronic Effects of Substituents to Optimize Photocatalytic H2 Evolution of Carbon Dots
Authors: Ou Xue , Chen Xinrui , Zhao Siyu , Shi Yarong , Zhang Junhua , Wu Min , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Song Xueping , Zhang Zhanying 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have a wide light absorption range, which are promising candidates for photocatalytic water splitting H2 evolution, but they show low activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to the slow transfer efficiencies of photogenerated carriers. The electron cloud density of photocatalyst is essential for the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers. In this study, the effect mechanism of electron cloud density regulated by the substituents with different electronic effects on the photocatalytic HER of glucose‐based CDs is clarified. CDs‐SO3H and CDs‐OH are first obtained by introducing electron‐drawing group (─SO3H) and electron‐donating group (─OH) using a tailoring post‐processing strategy. Experimental results show that the H2 yield catalyzed by CDs‐SO3H is 89.95 µmol•g−1 in 4 h, which is about four times that of CDs, and 7.4 times that of CDs‐OH. The ─SO3H induces a much negative energy band and high electron cloud density on CDs edges, promoting the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers; while the CDs‐OH exhibits a high positive charge density and an upward energy band, hindering the surface complexation of electron‐hole pairs and HER. This study will provide an insight into the design of CDs catalysts with efficient photocatalytic HER at a molecular level.
High‐Performing Direct X‐Ray Detection Made of One‐Dimensional Perovskite‐Like (TMHD)SbBr5 Single Crystal With Anisotropic Response
Authors: Zheng Guangya , Wu Haodi , He Song , Li Hanchen , Dong Zhiwu , Jin Tong , Pang Jincong , Masrour Rachid , Zheng Zhiping , Niu Guangda , Xu Ling , Tang Jiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract3D and 2D organic hybrid perovskites, as well as double perovskites, have demonstrated their suitability for direct X‐ray detection. However, the sensitivity and stability of 3D perovskite X‐ray detectors are currently being hindered by the existing constraints on ion movement. Therefore, there is an immediate need to develop X‐ray detectors that are both highly sensitive and stable while also being environmentally friendly. The novel low‐dimensional perovskites demonstrate exceptional inherent stability and effectively mitigate ion migration, thereby showcasing their remarkable photoelectric performance. Inspired by this, a solution crystallization method is employed to synthesize novel single crystals (SCs) of one dimensional (1D) (TMHD)SbBr5. The dimensions of the chained (TMHD)SbBr5 SC are 13 × 1.3 × 1.2 mm3 in size. The device based on a perovskite chain (TMHD)SbBr5 exhibits unique anisotropic X‐ray detection performance with a sensitivity of 62.8 and 30.5 µC Gyair−1cm−2 in the parallel and perpendicular orientations, respectively. It can lead to the directional movement of ions, resulting in large carrier mobility under the action of electric fields, and effectively increase the sensitivity to X‐ray detection.
Z‐scheme CeO2‐TiO2@CNT Heterojunction for Efficient Photoredox Removal of Mix Pollutants (CPF, MB, MO, and RhB)
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Sharma Ashish Ranjan , Mishra Yogendra Kumar , Sharma Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractZ‐scheme CeO2‐TiO2@CNT (CTC) heterojunction is fabricated using hydrothermal method and evaluated for removing mixed pollutants (MIX‐P) from ciprofloxacin (CPF) and textile contaminations. CTC demonstrated ≈99% removal efficiency against MIX‐P under solar irradiation of ≈105 lumens. High removal efficiency of CTC is attributed to reduced bandgap (Eg), 2.65 eV, and high specific surface area (68.193 m2 g−1). Lower Eg extends light absorption that generates more charge carriers and reactive species, RS (•O2−, h+, •OH), to facilitate the photocatalytic removal process. These RS are confirmed through trapping experiments using IPA, N2, and KI. Binding energies of 282.5, 283.7, and 285 eV, corresponding to Ti─C, Ti─O─C, and Ce─C bondings, indicated coupling of TiO2, CeO2, and CNT within the CTC structure. Ionic and pH tests confirmed lower photocatalytic efficiency of CTC in an alkaline environment. Photocurrent density and EIS measurements provide insights into the charge carrier dynamics, while HPLC‐MS analysis offered information on degradation pathway and identification of intermediates in the removal process. DFT studies confirmed the adjustments in electronic states, structural modifications, and band alignments in agreement with experimental results. This study highlights the potential of CTC as highly effective catalyst for sustainable removal of mixed pollutants from wastewater.
Plasmonic MOF for Highly Selective SERS Sensing of Trace Mercury (II) in Complex Matrices
Authors: He Zhijian , Hu Jieying , Zhong Jing , Long Yunchen , Shen Junda , Chen Song , Ou Weihui , Liu Qiyu , Lu Jian , Lou Zaizhu , Li Yang Yang , He Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeveloping Ag‐based surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensors for detecting Hg(II) has garnered significant research interest due to their unparalleled selectivity, which is brought by the specific Ag‐Hg amalgamation reaction. However, existing sensors perform unsatisfactorily in the trace detection of Hg(II) because the low concentration of Hg(II) does not have the redox potential sufficient to amalgamate with Ag. To address this challenge, a plasmonic MOF SERS sensor is developed, nanoetched Ag@UiO‐68‐SMe, by integrating the enormous Raman enhancement effects of nanoetched Ag with the selective enrichment function of UiO‐68‐SMe into single entity. This sensor enables on‐site readout of Hg(II) in various real‐world samples with high selectivity and sensitivity (0.17 ppb) using a portable Raman spectrometer coupled with a homemade 3D print holder. Mechanistic studies reveal that the UiO‐68‐SMe selectively captures and concentrates trace amounts of Hg(II) through thiomethyl groups, significantly increasing their redox potential. The resultant higher oxidative capacity allows for the spontaneous Ag‐Hg amalgamation, inducing a SERS turn‐off response to Hg(II), which is otherwise thermodynamically prohibited. This work not only reports a powerful SERS sensor for monitoring trace levels of Hg(II) pollution but also offers a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of utilizing the enrichment capabilities of MOF to manipulate redox reaction.