bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-center clinical study using optical coherence tomography for evaluation of cervical lesions in-vivo
Authors: Ren Chenchen , Zeng Xianxu , Shi Zhongna , Wang Chunyan , Wang Huifen , Wang Xiuqin , Zhang Baoping , Jiang Zhaoning , Ma Huan , Hu Hao , Piao Haozhe , Zhang Xiaoan , Wang Baojin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this prospective study of an in-vivo cervical examination using optical coherence tomography (OCT), we evaluated the diagnostic value of non-invasive and real-time OCT in cervical precancerous lesions and cancer diagnosis, and determined the characteristics of OCT images. 733 patients from 5 Chinese hospitals were inspected with OCT and colposcopy-directed biopsy. The OCT images were compared with the histological sections to find out the characteristics of various categories of lesions. The OCT images were also interpreted by 3 investigators to make a 2-class classification, and the results were compared against the pathological results. Various structures of the cervical tissue were clearly observed in OCT images, which matched well with the corresponding histological sections. The OCT diagnosis results delivered a sensitivity of 87.0% (95% confidence interval, CI 82.2–90.7%), a specificity of 84.1% (95% CI 80.3–87.2%), and an overall accuracy of 85.1%. Both good consistency of OCT images and histological images and satisfactory diagnosis results were provided by OCT. Due to its features of non-invasion, real-time, and accuracy, OCT is valuable for the in-vivo evaluation of cervical lesions and has the potential to be one of the routine cervical diagnosis methods.
Dense and influential core promotion of daily viral information spread in political echo chambers
Authors: Asatani Kimitaka , Yamano Hiroko , Sakaki Takeshi , Sakata Ichiro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite the intensive study of the viral spread of fake news in political echo chambers (ECs) on social networking services (SNSs), little is known regarding the underlying structure of the daily information spread in these ECs. Moreover, the effect of SNSs on opinion polarisation is still unclear in terms of pluralistic information access or selective exposure to opinions in an SNS. In this study, we confirmed the steady, highly independent nature of left- and right-leaning ECs, both of which are composed of approximately 250,000 users, from a year-long reply/retweet network of 42 million Japanese Twitter users. We found that both communities have similarly efficient information spreading networks with densely connected and core-periphery structures. Core nodes resonate in the early stages of information cascades, and unilaterally transmit information to peripheral nodes. Each EC has resonant core users who amplify and steadily spread information to a quarter of a million users. In addition, we confirmed the existence of extremely aggressive users of ECs who co-reply/retweet each other. The connection between these users and top influencers suggests that the extreme opinions of the former group affect the entire community through the top influencers.
Effects of fetuin-A-containing calciprotein particles on posttranslational modifications of fetuin-A in HepG2 cells
Authors: Uedono Hideki , Mori Katsuhito , Ochi Akinobu , Nakatani Shinya , Miki Yuya , Tsuda Akihiro , Morioka Tomoaki , Nagata Yuki , Imanishi Yasuo , Shoji Tetsuo , Inaba Masaaki , Emoto Masanori 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFetuin-A is an inhibitor of ectopic calcification that is expressed mainly in hepatocytes and is secreted into the circulation after posttranslational processing, including glycosylation and phosphorylation. The molecular weight (MW) of fully modified fetuin-A (FM-fetuin-A) is approximately 60 kDa in an immunoblot, which is much higher than the estimated MW by amino acid sequence. Under conditions of calcification stress such as advanced stage chronic kidney disease, fetuin-A prevents calcification by forming colloidal complexes, which are referred to as calciprotein particles (CPP). Since the significance of CPP in this process is unclear, we investigated the effect of synthetic secondary CPP on the level of FM-fetuin-A in HepG2 cells. Secondary CPP increased the level of FM-fetuin-A in dose- and time-dependent manners, but did not affect expression of mRNA for fetuin-A. Treatment with O- and/or N-glycosidase caused a shift of the 60 kDa band of FM-fetuin-A to a lower MW. Preincubation with brefeldin A, an inhibitor of transport of newly synthesized proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, completely blocked the secondary CPP-induced increase in FM-fetuin-A. Treatment with BAPTA-AM, an intracellular calcium chelating agent, also inhibited the CPP-induced increase in the FM-fetuin-A level. Secondary CPP accelerate posttranslational processing of fetuin-A in HepG2 cells.
Precise levelling in crossing river over 5 km using total station and GNSS
Authors: Yang DingLiang , Zou JinGui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe trigonometric levelling using the simultaneous reciprocal method has been proved to meet the precision of second order levelling. But this method is invalid once the distance of river crossing is beyond 3.5 km due to the difficulty of target recognition at such a long distance. To expand the available range of this method, this paper focuses on solving the target aiming and distance observation over a long distance. A modular LED 5-prism (modified Leica GPR1 reflector) as an illuminated target instead of the common prism is introduced, and we adopt the sub-pixel image processing technique to recognize the center of the target image pictured by image assisted total station (Leica Nova TM50 I equipped with a coaxial camera). Based on the principle of precise trigonometric levelling, this paper utilizes two image assisted total stations using image processing technique to perform simultaneous reciprocal for zenith angle measurement and GNSS static measurement for slope distance measurement to determine the height difference of either river bank. And long-distance precise river-crossing levelling can be realized based on the mentioned above. Besides, it is successful to apply in the experiment of Fuzhou Bridge spanning 6.3 km in China. The result shows the standard deviation is ± 0.76 mm/km that is compatible with the precision of second order levelling has.
Acoustic focusing of beads and cells in hydrogel droplets
Authors: Fornell Anna , Pohlit Hannah , Shi Qian , Tenje Maria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe generation of hydrogel droplets using droplet microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool with many applications in biology and medicine. Here, a microfluidic system to control the position of particles (beads or astrocyte cells) in hydrogel droplets using bulk acoustic standing waves is presented. The chip consisted of a droplet generator and a 380 µm wide acoustic focusing channel. Droplets comprising hydrogel precursor solution (polyethylene glycol tetraacrylate or a combination of polyethylene glycol tetraacrylate and gelatine methacrylate), photoinitiator and particles were generated. The droplets passed along the acoustic focusing channel where a half wavelength acoustic standing wave field was generated, and the particles were focused to the centre line of the droplets (i.e. the pressure nodal line) by the acoustic force. The droplets were cross-linked by exposure to UV-light, freezing the particles in their positions. With the acoustics applied, 89 ± 19% of the particles (polystyrene beads, 10 µm diameter) were positioned in an area ± 10% from the centre line. As proof-of-principle for biological particles, astrocytes were focused in hydrogel droplets using the same principle. The viability of the astrocytes after 7 days in culture was 72 ± 22% when exposed to the acoustic focusing compared with 70 ± 19% for samples not exposed to the acoustic focusing. This technology provides a platform to control the spatial position of bioparticles in hydrogel droplets, and opens up for the generation of more complex biological hydrogel structures.
Influence of Sr deficiency on structural and electrical properties of SrTiO3 thin films grown by metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Baki Aykut , Stöver Julian , Schulz Tobias , Markurt Toni , Amari Houari , Richter Carsten , Martin Jens , Irmscher Klaus , Albrecht Martin , Schwarzkopf Jutta 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHomoepitaxial growth of SrTiO3 thin films on 0.5 wt% niobium doped SrTiO3 (100) substrates with high structural perfection was developed using liquid-delivery spin metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Exploiting the advantage of adjusting the partial pressures of the individual constituents independently, we tuned the Sr/Ti ratio of the gas phase for realizing, stoichiometric, as well as Sr deficient layers. Quantitative energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope confirm Sr deficiency of up to 20% in nominally off-stoichiometrically grown films. Our MOVPE process allows to grow such layers in phase pure state and without extended defect formation. Indications for oxygen deficiency could not be identified. Sr deficient layers exhibit an increased permittivity of ɛr = 202 and a larger vertical lattice parameter. Current–voltage characteristics (IVCs) of metal–oxide–semiconductor (Pt/SrTiO3/SrTiO3:Nb) structures reveal that Sr deficient SrTiO3 films show an intrinsic resistive switching with on–off ratios of three orders of magnitude at RT and seven orders of magnitude at 10 K. There is strong evidence that a large deviation from stoichiometry pronounces the resistive switching behavior. IVCs conducted at 10 K indicate a defect-based mechanism instead of mass transport by ion diffusion. This is supported by in-situ STEM investigations that show filaments to form at significant higher voltages than those were resistive switching is observed in our samples.
Prevalence of small for gestational age infants in 21 cities in China, 2014–2019
Authors: He Hui , Miao Huazhang , Liang Zhijiang , Zhang Ye , Jiang Wei , Deng Zhi , Tang Jie , Liu Guocheng , Luo Xianqiong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInfants who are small for gestational age (SGA) are at increased risk of neonatal and infant death, non-communicable diseases and growth retardation. However, the epidemiological characteristics of SGA remain unclear. We aim to explore the prevalence of SGA and to examine its socioeconomic associations by using data from 21 cities. 10,515,494 single live birth records between 2014 and 2019 from the Guangdong Women and Children Health Information System were included in the study. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the prevalence trend of SGA and its distribution. We also analyze the associations between the prevalence of SGA and per-capita GDP. The prevalence of SGA in Guangdong Province from the years 2014–2019 was 13.17%, 12.96%, 11.96%, 12.72%, 11.45%, 11.30% respectively, and the overall prevalence was 12.28%. The prevalence of term SGA infants in Guangdong Province was 12.50%, which was much higher than that of preterm SGA (7.71%). There was a significant negative correlation between the SGA prevalence and per-capita GDP in 21 cities of Guangdong Province. The level of economic development may affect the prevalence of SGA. The prevalence of SGA in full term infants is significantly higher than in premature infants, suggesting that most SGA infants may be born at a later gestational age.
Estradiol-induced inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress normalizes splenic CD4 + T lymphocytes following hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Wang Peng , Jiang Li-Na , Wang Chen , Li Ying , Yin Meng , Du Hui-Bo , Zhang Hong , Fan Ze-Hua , Liu Yan-Xu , Zhao Meng , Kang An-Ling , Feng Ding-Ya , Li Shu-Guang , Niu Chun-Yu , Zhao Zi-Gang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim is to investigate that 17β-estradiol (E2)/estrogen receptors (ERs) activation normalizes splenic CD4 + T lymphocytes proliferation and cytokine production through inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) following hemorrhage. The results showed that hemorrhagic shock (hemorrhage through femoral artery, 38–42 mmHg for 90 min followed by resuscitation of 30 min and subsequent observation period of 180 min) decreased the CD4+ T lymphocytes proliferation and cytokine production after isolation and incubation with Concanavalin A (5 μg/mL) for 48 h, induced the splenic injury with evidences of missed contours of the white pulp, irregular cellular structure, and typical inflammatory cell infiltration, upregulated the expressions of ERS biomarkers 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Either E2, ER-α agonist propyl pyrazole triol (PPT) or ERS inhibitor 4-Phenylbutyric acid administration normalized these parameters, while ER-β agonist diarylpropionitrile administration had no effect. In contrast, administrations of either ERs antagonist ICI 182,780 or G15 abolished the salutary effects of E2. Likewise, ERS inducer tunicamycin induced an adverse effect similarly to that of hemorrhagic shock in sham rats, and aggravated shock-induced effects, also abolished the beneficial effects of E2 and PPT, respectively. Together, the data suggest that E2 produces salutary effects on CD4+ T lymphocytes function, and these effects are mediated by ER-α and GPR30, but not ER-β, and associated with the attenuation of hemorrhagic shock-induced ERS.
Joint range and velocity estimation for integration of radar and communication based on multi‐symbol OFDM radar pulses
Authors: Wang Xiaojiang , Zhang Zhenkai , Esmaeili Najafabadi Hamid 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntegration of radar and communication (IRC) is conducive to improving hardware resource utilization and spectrum utilization. This paper proposes a joint range and velocity estimation method for IRC based on multi‐symbol orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar pulses. A two‐step parameters estimation method is applied, where estimating the signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) and weighted subspace fitting (WSF) perform rough and fine estimations. We first build a receiving model for integrated signal based on element‐wise division. The ESPRIT method is then adopted based on the double Vandermonde structure array manifold for a rough estimation. It has relatively high estimation error but low computational complexity. The WSF method based on alternating projection (AP) algorithm is introduced to make the estimation more precise and reduce its error. It uses the estimation results in the first step and reduces the overall computational cost. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the computational complexity while improving the estimation accuracy compared with the WSF method.
Global warming is causing a more pronounced dip in marine species richness around the equator
Authors: Chaudhary Chhaya , Richardson Anthony J. , Schoeman David S. , Costello Mark J. 
Published: April 2021

SignificanceWe use distribution data on 48,661 species to show that marine biodiversity has been responding to climate warming at a global scale. We show that marine species richness levels off or declines in latitudinal bands with average annual sea surface temperatures exceeding 20 °C. This results in a dip in species richness around the equator that has become more pronounced as the climate has warmed, especially for pelagic species. Previous studies have either only predicted such effects or have provided data at regional scales or for limited numbers of taxa.
Structural basis for GTP-induced dimerization and antiviral function of guanylate-binding proteins
Authors: Cui Wen , Braun Elisabeth , Wang Wei , Tang Jinhong , Zheng Yanyan , Slater Benjamin , Li Na , Chen Cheng , Liu Qingxiang , Wang Bin , Li Xiu , Duan Yinkai , Xiao Yunjie , Ti Ruijiao , Hotter Dominik , Ji Xiaoyun , Zhang Lei , Cui Jun , Xiong Yong , Sauter Daniel , Wang Zefang , Kirchhoff Frank , Yang Haitao 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) belong to interferon-inducible GTPases and mediate a broad spectrum of innate immune responses against various pathogens. Their protective functions require oligomerization induced by nucleotide binding and/or catalysis, but the actual molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we report the crystal structures of human GBP5 (hGBP5) in both its nucleotide-free state and nucleotide-bound state, as well as nucleotide-free human GBP2 (hGBP2). We show that hGBP5 forms a closed face-to-face dimer upon GTP loading. This closed conformation is crucial to its anti–HIV-1 activity. Furthermore, with hGBP2 structure and SAXS validation, we propose a plausible working model for GTP-induced assembly of GBPs. Our findings lay the foundation to better understand the molecular mechanisms of GBPs and their immune functions.
Conditional destabilization of the TPLATE complex impairs endocytic internalization
Authors: Wang Jie , Yperman Klaas , Grones Peter , Jiang Qihang , Dragwidge Jonathan , Mylle Evelien , Mor Eliana , Nolf Jonah , Eeckhout Dominique , De Jaeger Geert , De Rybel Bert , Pleskot Roman , Van Damme Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Endocytosis controls the proteome and lipidome of the plasma membrane and therefore the communication between the cell and the outside world. Because of its importance, many attempts have been made to develop tools to interfere with this process. These include genetic approaches and small chemicals. Thus far, however, the tools developed to modulate plant endocytosis either lack specificity, are irreversible, or require several days to produce an effect. Here, we generated a conditional and reversible tool to specifically interfere with endocytosis. Short-term heat treatment destabilizes an engineered adaptor complex subunit, which abolishes the function of the endocytic TPLATE complex. This causes accumulation of endocytic cargoes at the plasma membrane and provides a genetic background for future research.
Geographic variations in rheumatoid arthritis treatment in Japan: A nationwide retrospective study using the national database of health insurance claims and specific health checkups of Japan
Authors: Nakajima Ayako , Sakai Ryoko , Inoue Eisuke , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize the treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among institution types and prefectures in Japan.MethodsUsing the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan in the 2017 fiscal year, we investigated disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) and oral corticosteroid prescription trends across 825 thousand RA patients. These data were compared between specialized and non-specialized institutions and by prefecture. RA specialized institutions (SIs) were defined as either institutions registered in the rheumatology training program at the Japan College of Rheumatology or institutions where board-certified rheumatologists were employed.ResultsThe overall percentage of patients who never visited an SI was 31.8% and increased with age (16–29 years old = 15.6%; ≥80 years = 42.8%). In twelve prefectures (25.5%), the proportions of patients who never visited an SI were at least 10% higher than the overall average. The proportions of patients who only visited SIs and were prescribed methotrexate and biological DMARDs were ranged from 51.9–72.9% and 19.5–33.2%, respectively. However, those of patients who had never visited an SI and were prescribed those medications were 44.0–71.6% and 7.2–28.0%, respectively.ConclusionsThis is the first study evaluating the trends in RA treatments by prefecture and institution specialty by using the NDB Japan. Opportunities of patients with RA for visiting SI was unevenly distributed in Japan, affecting some aspects of treatment provided.
Euler Method on Simple Pendulum Motion to Develop Stochastic Oscillator Indicator for Analyzing the USD Non-Farm Payroll Data Volatility
Authors: Mashuda A B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In recent years, enthusiasts from physicists have tried to understand the concepts of economic systems and physical methods that have been applied to financial time series studies. The phenomenon of fluctuations in the world economy is an interesting matter to be studied more deeply by tracing the causal factors of positive and negative sentiments due to Interest Rate Decision and Non-Farm Payroll. In this study tracing these fluctuations with “Market Bomb Prevention on NFP Using the Stochastic Oscillator Combined Indicator, Numeric Oscillator with Euler method and momentum on USDX”. Based on analysis of NFP fundamental and technical data December 2018, February-March 2019, you should sell about 15 minutes after opening. In January 2019 there was an anomaly in technical data, and fundamentally it was also not supportive to advise not to make transactions. NFP data in February 2019, you should buy at 09.00 because based on the results of fundamental and technical analysis supports this. In March 2019, you should buy at 11.00.
Optimization of Sonication Time and Surfactant Concentration for Chitosan-alginate Coated Ketoprofen Nanoencapsulation
Authors: Widyastama G , Kurniati M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ketoprofen nanoparticles can be used to make a controlled ketoprofen delivery system. The material composition and method of making nanoparticles used had an effect on the formation of ketoprofen nanoparticles. This study aims to obtain the optimized results of each response responses by varying the sonication time, alginate concentration, and concentration of tween 80 and characterizing the ketoprofen encapsulation efficiency, nanoparticle size, and homogeneity level. Ketoprofen nanoparticles are made by ultrasonication method. The encapsulation efficiency of ketoprofen was evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry analysis, while the size of the nanoparticles were evaluated using particle size analyzer (PSA). The optimum condition of the response was predicted at sonicaton time of 18.41 minutes with alginate and tween 80 concentrations of 1% (w/v) and 3% (v/v) respectively. The optimized results of each response is predicted to be around 21,412 ± 8.78% for encapsulation efficiency, particle size around 650,056 ± 284.47 nm, and homogeneity level (PdI) around 0.623 ± 0.10. The resulting equation can be used to determine the optimum value of encapsulation efficiency and particle size in the sonication time range 10 – 30 minutes, the concentration of alginate 0.2 – 1%, and the concentration of tween 801 – 3%.
Solving Vertical Body Motion with Quadratic Resistance using Closed-form Solution for Ricatti Differential Equation of Constant Coefficients based on Discriminant Criteria
Authors: Rohedi A Y 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOne of problem in mechanics is vertical body motion in upward and downward direction due to gravitational and resistance forces. In this paper, we are interested to analyse the effect of quadratic resistance force respect to the instantaneouly velocity and position of the body. The equation of the vertical body motion affected by gravitational and quadratic resistance forces derived using the second Newton law generally in the form of Riccati differential equation of constant coefficients. Therefore we need a method for solving the mathematics model. For the purpose we introduce a closed form solution for Riccati differential equation of constant coeficients based on discriminant criteria that can be used to solve the analytic model of vertical body motion by simple manner.