bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhus Coriaria L. (Sumac) Leaves as an Antibacterial Agent
Authors: Joseph Gili , Koltai Hinanit , Ron Eliora , Azzam Naiel , Hazan Haim , raskin Ilya , Mengeritsky Galina , Mazuz Moran , Shalev Nurit , Biran Dvora , Poulev Alexander , Fridlender Bertold 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Rhus coriaria L. has various medicinal effects, exhibiting antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-ischemic, hypolipidemic and antibacterial activity. Its antibacterial activity has been extensively studied, revealing terpenoids, flavonoids and hydrolysable tannins as the main active compounds. Most of these studies have been performed on fruit, and a few on leaves and seeds.
Methods

Extract of R. coriaria leaves was fractionated into six fractions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two active fractions (Rc1 and Rc2) were subfractionated into fractions Rs1–3 and Rs4–6, respectively. The active subfraction Rs5 was subjected to LCMS analysis. Antibacterial activity of the extracts was assessed by well and disk-diffusion methods, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by tetrazolium (TTC) test and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) by drop test were determined. Subfraction Rs5 was further incorporated into an eye drop formulation and tested for antibacterial activity, and leaf extract was also tested against the fungus Botrytis cinerea.
Results

Crude leaf extract, fractions Rc1 and Rc2 and subfractions Rs1–6 showed antibacterial activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.2–3.1 mg/mL and MBC values from 0.3–6.2 mg/mL, depending on the fraction and the bacteria. Subfraction Rs5 had the strongest antibacterial activity with a MIC of 0.4 mg/mL and MBC of 0.6–2 mg/mL, depending on the bacterium being tested. Rs5 incorporated into an eye drop formulation also showed antibacterial activity. The leaf extract further showed antifungal activity against the agricultural pest Botrytis cinerea.
Conclusions

The crude leaf extract and its fractions exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity. The antibacterial activity increased in the fractions and subfractions of the leaf extract compared to the crude extract, suggesting enrichment of the active antibacterial compounds during purification. Leaves, which are much more readily available, and in greater quantities than fruit, throughout the year, may therefore serve as an inexpensive and effective source for an antibacterial product that can be used in the food and agricultural industries.
Revealing Coupling Strength in Biological Plasmon-Exciton Systems through Far-Field Microscopy
Authors: Yuan Zhiyi , Huang Shih-Hsiu , Qiao Zhen , Gong Chaoyang , Liao Yikai , Kim Munho , Birowosuto Muhammad , Dang Cuong , Wu Pin Chieh , Chen Yu-Cheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Optical coupling plays a pivotal role in nanophotonic systems, which can be divided into weak, intermediate, and strong coupling regimes. Determining coupling strength is, therefore, the key to understanding light-matter interactions. State-of-the-art approaches based on spectral-based measurements suffer from relatively large background noise or long accumulation time at single-cavity level, without being able to perform high-throughput characterizations. Here, we report an efficient far-field optical imaging technique that can directly reveal coupling strength in a plasmon-exciton systems, allowing multiple nanocavity emissions to be detected, imaged, and quantified individually. A light harvesting biomolecule- chlorophyll a was employed to study dynamic light-matter interactions in strongly-coupled bio-plasmonic nanocavities. Identification of coupling strength was achieved by extracting RGB values from dark-field images and enhancement factor from fluorescence images. Lastly, we demonstrate the ability to quantify excitons and subtle changes of week coupling interactions in the bioplasmonic nanocavity. Our findings may deepen our understanding of fundamental science of light-matter interactions, paving new avenues toward real-world applications in quantum-based biosensing and imaging.
Microsurgical Management of Complex Hypothalamic Hamartomas in the Era of Minimally Invasive Therapy: A Case Series and Narrative Review
Authors: Lehner Kurt R , D'Amico Randy S. , Rahme Ralph , Schneider Julia R. , Privler Gloria G. , Faltings Lukas J. , Du Victor X. , Boockvar John A. , Rekate Harold L. , Langer David J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
IntroductionRecently, there has been a paradigm shift in the management of hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) from traditional microsurgical techniques to less invasive alternatives such as stereotactic radiosurgery and laser interstitial thermal therapy. However, large and extensive HH may fail to respond to minimally invasive therapies, ultimately necessitating microsurgery.MethodsAll patients who underwent microsurgical resection of a complex HH by the 2 senior authors (D.J.L., H.L.R.) in 2011-2017 were included. Charts were retrospectively reviewed and demographic, clinical, imaging, and outcome data were recorded.Results8 patients, 7 children and 1 adult, with a mean age of 7 years (10 months-27 years), were included. Of those, 2 had failed previous treatments. All 7 children presented with pharmacoresistant gelastic seizures and cognitive dysfunction, 6 exhibited central precocious puberty, and 3 had behavioral problems. Other seizure types affected 6/8 patients. Mean lesion size was 21.6 mm (14-31), all with interpeduncular extension and 5 with intraventricular extension (Delalande type I: 3, type III: 4, type IV: 1). A frontotemporal orbitozygomatic (FTOZ) approach with optic nerve decompression was used in all patients, supplemented by another approach in 3 (endoscopic transventricular: 3, transcallosal: 1). Gross total resection was achieved in 6 patients and subtotal resection in 2. Transient complications occurred in 3 patients (37.5%): self-limited sodium imbalance (n=3), subdural hygroma (n=2). Permanent complications occurred in 2 patients (25%): perforator infarct (n=1), short-term memory loss (n=1). All patients experienced seizure resolution postoperatively with preserved hypothalamic-pituitary axis function. After a mean follow-up of 41 months (2-66), 7 patients remain seizure-free, while 1 has rare recurrent seizures. Cognitive and behavioral symptoms improved significantly in all patients.Conclusion﻿For large HH with interpeduncular extension, microsurgery via the FTOZ approach is a safe and highly effective treatment modality.
Phenotypic and Genotypic within-host Diversity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Urinary Isolates
Authors: Cottalorda Agnès , Dahyot Sandrine , Soares Anaïs , Alexandre Kevin , Zorgniotti Isabelle , Etienne Manuel , Jumas-Bilak Estelle , Pestel-Caron Martine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess phenotypic and molecular inter-patient and within-host diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI) or asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB).Methods: Clinical data of 120 consecutive P. aeruginosa UTI (n = 40) and AB (n = 80) were prospectively analyzed. Up to five P. aeruginosa isolates per sample were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was determined for all isolates (n = 591); a subset of 358 was characterized by multilocus sequence typing.Results: 444 isolates (75%) were non-multidrug resistant (MDR), 113 (19%) were MDR, and 34 (6%) were extensively drug resistant. A genetically highly diverse population was observed (64 sequence types [STs]), without strict correlation between genotypes and clinical settings. 35 patients (28%; 12 UTIs and 23 ABs) presented distinct antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles within a given urine sample, significantly associated with previous carbapenem and fluroquinolones exposure; five of them also exhibited polyclonal UTI or AB (with isolates belonging to two STs). Conclusions: P. aeruginosa urinary isolates of these 120 patients were highly diverse, in terms of AMR as well as genetic background. Both within-host AMR and molecular diversity can complicate AST, treatment and control of P. aeruginosa UTI.
Loss of DDRGK1 Impairs IRE1α UFMylation to Promote IRE1α Degradation, ER Stress and Apoptosis in ATDC5 Cells
Authors: Yang Xiao , Zhou Tangjun , Xia Ying , Tian Haijun , Cheng Xiaofei , Cao Yu , Ma Hui , Qin An , Zhao Jie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) is a rare disease that is caused by the impaired development of cartilage. Although mutations in the DDRGK1 domain-containing (DDRGK1) gene have been found to be one of the causes of this disease, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we used the ATDC5 cell line to investigate the effects of the loss of DDRGK1 expression on chondrocyte physiology and cartilage development, with specific focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
Methods

DDRGK1-knockout ATDC5 cells were produced using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, before their responsiveness to the loss of DDRGK1 was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8, and the apoptosis rate was measured using flow cytometry and Hoechst staining. ATDC5 chondrogenesis was evaluated using high-density pellet culture, followed by Alcian blueand terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. The potential interaction between DDRGK1 and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α), in addition to the possible tagging of the ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 protein (UFMylation) and ubiquitylation of IRE1α, were measured using a co-immunoprecipitation assay. Expression of components in the ER stress and apoptosis signaling pathways was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting.
Results

DDRGK1 was found to interact with IRE1α on multiple sites, where it facilitates the UFMylation of IRE1α. Knocking out DDRGK1 expression led to increased IRE1α ubiquitylation and subsequent degradation, which in turn enhanced ER stress and activated the apoptosis signaling pathway. Loss of DDRGK1 also induced apoptosis whilst inhibiting the chondrogenic ability of ATDC5 cells. In addition, DDRGK1 knockout reduced the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 and aggrecan in ATDC5 pellets but aggravated ER stress.
Conclusions

Loss of DDRGK1 was concluded to impair the UFMylation of IRE1α, which then increases IRE1α ubiquitylation and degradation to promote chondrocyte apoptosis due to enhanced ER stress.
Medial Versus Lateral Approach for Laparoscopic Colectomy in Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Abou-Ashour Hady Saleh , Elsisi Alaa Abdelazeem , Shahin Mahmoud Ahmed , Moustafa ASem Fayed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is considered the 3rd common malignancy worldwide responsible for 9% of all cancer incidence. Currently laparoscopy is widely practiced in colorectal cancer surgery. It is related to the surgeon's experience to do either lateral-to-medial or medial-to-lateral approach. The two laparoscopic approaches are currently practiced and there are conflicts of superiority of this over that and vice versa. We aimed to show the superiority of one procedure over the other regarding short-term outcomes.Patient and Methods: This is a prospective randomized study of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. One hundred patients were included in this study.Patients were divided to 2 equal groups medial to lateral (M-L) and lateral to medial group (L-M), 50 patients each. The study was conducted from Feb 2017 to May 2021 in Menoufia university hospital, in the general surgery department.The study endpoint was: The feasibility, technical efficacy, operative time, vascular or ureteric injury and other complications of both techniques. We collected data according to patient demographics, technique of laparoscopic mobilization, surgery duration, hospital stay, operative and post-operative complications and lymph node retrieval.Results: One hundred patients with comparable demographics criteria had laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. Sixty-one patients were males (61%) and 39 patients (39%) were females. Fifty patients (50 %) were performed using M-L technique and the other 50 patients (50.0%) were operated upon using the L-M approach. Lateral approach had an average 10±3 (4–22) lymph nodes with specimen compared to 17±4 (9–31) in the medial approach. There was no statistically significant difference in the major complication rate (Clavien-Dindo IV) between the two approaches. M-L approach showed significant shorter operative time than L-M approach in anterior resection and Rt hemicolectomy in favor of M-L approach p<0.05. L-M approach showed a significant higher rate of conversion to open surgery and injury to the ureter and gonadal vessels. p<0.05. Patients in the M-L approach had a mean hospital stay of 5±1 days (range 3–52) compared to 5± 2 days (range 3–56) in the L-M approach. P >0.05Conclusion: Both approaches were feasible for colon cancer surgery. Laparoscopic M-L approach was found technically easier, and had less surgery related complications than the L-M approach.
Discovery of Solabiose Phosphorylase and its Application for Enzymatic Synthesis of Solabiose from Sucrose and Lactose
Authors: Saburi Wataru , Nihira Takanori , Nakai Hiroyuki , Kitaoka Motomitsu , Mori Haruhide 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Glycoside phosphorylases (GPs), which catalyze the reversible phosphorolysis of glycosides, are promising enzymes for the efficient production of glycosides. Various GPs with new catalytic activities, derived from uncharacterized proteins phylogenetically distant from known enzymes, have been discovered in the past decade. In this study, we characterized the PBOR_28850 protein, belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 94, from Paenibacillus borealis. Screening of acceptor substrates for reverse phosphorolysis using α-d-glucose 1-phosphate as the donor substrate revealed that the recombinant PBOR_28850 produced in Escherichia coli specifically utilized d-galactose as an acceptor and produced solabiose (b-d-Glcp-(1→3)-d-Gal). This indicates that PBOR_28850 is a new GP, solabiose phosphorylase. PBOR_28850 catalyzed the phosphorolysis and synthesis of solabiose through a sequential bi-bi mechanism involving the formation of a ternary complex. The production of solabiose from lactose and sucrose has been established. Lactose was hydrolyzed to d-galactose and d-glucose by β-galactosidase. Phosphorolysis of sucrose and synthesis of solabiose were then coupled by adding sucrose, sucrose phosphorylase, and PBOR_28850 to the reaction mixture. Using 210 mmol lactose and 280 mmol sucrose, 207 mmol of solabiose was produced. Yeast treatment degraded the remaining monosaccharides and sucrose without reducing solabiose. Solabiose with a purity of 93.7% was obtained without any chromatographic procedures.
The Influence of Morphologic Grading and COS Protocol on the Outcome of Day 5 Versus Day 6 Single Fresh Blastocyst Transfers: a Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Chen Zhilan , Li Wei , Xiao Cong , Li Yanmin , Lv Liqun , Huang Kecheng , Gong Aidong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes after day 5 (D5) blastocyst-stage single embryo transfers (SET) versus day 6 (D6) SET following fresh embryo transfer cycle and to evaluate whether the blastocyst morphologic grading and the protocol of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) would influence effect estimates, aiming to provide guidance when choosing blastocyst transfer.Method: The clinical data of 612 patients who underwent single fresh blastocyst transplantation, as well as the data of 217 patients who had already delivered were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to blastocyst formation time (D5 or D6). The following subgroup analyses were performed: (i) the protocol of COS and (ii) the morphologic grading of blastocyst. Results: We observed that D6 SET were associated with lower clinical pregnancy rate (CPR, 31.7% vs 59.8%, P < 0.001) and live birth rate (LBR, 22.1% vs 38.2%, P = 0.002) than D5 SET following fresh cycle. Patients in D5 group experienced more good blastocysts transfer (45.7% vs 13.5%, P < 0.001) and less poor blastocysts transfer (9.7% vs 45.2%, P < 0.001) than patients in D6 group (Table 3). As to good quality blastocysts, the CPR（63.4% vs 50.0%, P = 0.33）and LBR（40.9% vs 42.9%, P = 1.0）were similar between D5 and D6 group. Conclusion: In conclusion, the CPR and LBR in the D5 group were significantly higher than those in the D6 group. The difference in neonatal outcomes between the two groups was not statistically significant. The subgroup analysis found that the superiority of day 5 SET compared with day 6 SET is influenced by the quality of blastocyst transferred and the COS protocols.
Tracking the kinetics and phenotype of spike epitope-specific CD4 T cell immunity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination
Authors: Juno Jennifer , Wragg Kathleen , Lee Wen Shi , Amarasena Thakshila , Reynaldi Arnold , Koutsakos Marios , Konstandopoulos Penny , Field Kirsty , Esterbauer Robyn , Tan Hyon-Xhi , Kent Helen , Davenport Miles , Wheatley Adam , Kent Stephen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
CD4+ T cells play a critical role in the immune response to viral infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination elicit strong CD4+ T cell responses to the viral spike protein, including circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) cells that correlate with the development of neutralising antibodies. Here we use a novel HLA-DRB1*15:01/S751 tetramer to precisely track spike-specific CD4+ T cells following recovery from mild/moderate COVID-19, or after vaccination with spike-encoding vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces robust S751-specific responses with both CXCR5- and cTFH phenotypes that are maintained for at least 12 months in a stable, CXCR3-biased, central memory pool. Vaccination of immunologically naïve subjects similarly drives expansion of S751-specific T cells with a highly restricted TCR repertoire comprised of both public and private clonotypes. Vaccination of convalescent individuals drives recall of CD4+ T cell clones established during infection, which are shared between the CXCR5- and cTFH compartments. This recall response is evident 5 days after antigen exposure and includes a population of spike-specific cTFH that persist in the periphery after losing expression of PD-1. Overall this study demonstrates the generation of a stable pool of cTFH and memory CD4+ T cells that can be recalled upon spike antigen re-exposure, which may play an important role in long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
CD82 Protects Against Glaucomatous Axonal Transport Deficits via mTORC1 Activation in Mice
Authors: Ye Meng , Huang Jingqiu , Mou Qianxue , Luo Jing , Hu Yuanyuan , Lou Xiaotong , Yao Ke , Zhao Bowen , Duan Qiming , Li Xing , Zhang Hong , Zhao Yin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Axonal transport deficits have been demonstrated to be the earliest crucial pathophysiological changes underlying axonal degeneration in glaucoma. The critical feature of this pathological process and the significance of early intervention remain to be further explored. Here, we explore the role of a tetraspanin superfamily member CD82 in protection of glaucomatous neurodegeneration in an acute ocular hypertension mouse model. Methods:Expression level of CD82 in retina was examined before and after an acute ocular hypertension (AOHT) model in mouse. Overexpression of CD82 was achieved by intraocular injection of adeno-associated virus vector expressing CD82. Axonal transport deficits were evaluated by intravitreally injected Cholera toxin B (CTB) from eyes to superior colliculus and the distribution of endogenous synaptophysin. Subsequent optic nerve (ON) degeneration phenotypes were also examined including axon loss, myelin damage, and Aβ accumulation. In vitro neurite outgrowth assay was performed in SH-SY5Y cells with Cd82-plasmid transfection. Another optic nerve crush (ONC) model was taken to further validate the neuroprotective effects of CD82 by evaluation of axonal regeneration, RGC survival, and visual function of mice. Downstream pathway of CD82 was analyzed by qPCR examination and western blotting analysis as well as phenotype detection.Results:We found a transient downregulation of CD82 after acute IOP elevation, with parallel emergence of axonal transport deficits. Overexpression of CD82 with AAV2/9 vector in mouse retina improved optic nerve (ON) axonal transport and ameliorated subsequent axon degeneration. In vitro neurite outgrowth assay displayed longer neurite length of SH-SY5Y cells with transfection of Cd82-plasmid. Moreover, CD82 overexpression could stimulate ON regeneration and restore mouse vision after an optic nerve crush model. CD82 exerted protective effect through upregulation of TRAF2, which was an E3 ubiquitin ligase and activated mTORC1 through K63-linked ubiquitylation and intracellular repositioning of Raptor. Conclusions:These findings indicate that CD82 overexpression protects against glaucomatous axonal transport deficits through TRAF2-dependent activation of mTORC1 pathway, which offers deeper insights into tetraspanins superfamily and demonstrated potential neuroprotective strategy in glaucoma treatments.
Effects of Indocyanine Green on Apoptosis, Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Transdifferentiation of Human Lens Epithelial Cells Line SRA01/04
Authors: Liu Ya jun , Zhao Yingdi , Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Si , He Zifang , Chen Feifei , Xie Zhenggao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

To investigate the effect of indocyanine green (ICG) on apoptosis, proliferation, migration, invasion and transdifferentiation in cultured human lens epithelial cells line SRA01/04 (HLECs).
Methods

HLECs were exposed to ICG for 3 minutes at various concentrations of 0.5%, 1.5% and 2.5%. The apoptosis process was detected by flow cytometry, and apoptosis related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation process was detected via the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay. Wound healing assay was employed to determine cell migration. Transwell assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion process. Transdifferentiation related proteins α-SMA, N-cadherin, Fibronectin and Vimentin were accessed by Western blot.
Results

ICG significantly increased HLECs apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation, migration, invasion and transdifferentiation after 3 minutes of exposure. Expression of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 pro-apoptosis proteins were up-regulated after ICG exposure, while Bcl-2 anti-apoptosis protein was down-regulated. Transdifferentiation related proteins α-SMA, N-cadherin, Fibronectin and Vimentin expression were down-regulated.
Conclusions

ICG can promote HLECs apoptosis and inhibition HLECs proliferation, migration, invasion and transdifferentiation in a concentration-dependent manner.