bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proactive Detection of People In Need Of Mental Healthcare: Accuracy Of The Community Case Detection Tool Among Children, Adolescents And Families In Sri Lanka
Authors: Broek Myrthe van den , Ponniah Puvaneswary , Jeyakumar Judy , Koppenol-Gonzalez Gabriela V. , Kommu John Vijay Sagar , Kohrt Brandon A. , Jordans Mark J. D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMost children and adolescents in need of mental healthcare remain untreated even when services are available. This study evaluates the accuracy of a new tool, the Community Case Detection Tool (CCDT), which uses illustrated vignettes, two questions and simple decision algorithm to support proactive community-level detection of children, adolescents and families in need of mental healthcare in order to improve help-seeking. MethodsTrusted and respected community members in the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka used the CCDT in their daily routine. Children and families detected as potentially in need of mental healthcare based on utilizing the CCDT (N=157, aged 6-18 years) were invited for a clinical interview by a mental health counsellor using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents. The CCDT results were compared against the outcomes of the clinical interview. The concurrent validity and performance of the CCDT were also evaluated by comparing the CCDT outcomes against the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results7 out of 10 children and families detected by community members using the CCDT were confirmed to be in need for treatment (positive predictive value = 0.69; 0.75 when compared to the SDQ). Detections based on the family problem vignette were most accurate (PPV=0.76), followed by the internalising problem vignette (PPV=0.71) and the externalising problem vignette (PPV=0.62).ConclusionsThe CCDT is a promising low-cost solution to overcome under-detection of children and families in need of mental healthcare. Future research should focus on evaluating the efficacy, as well as additional strategies to improve help-seeking.
Unraveling Differences in Fecal Microbiota Stability in Mammals: From High Variable Carnivores and Consistently Stable Herbivores
Authors: Zoelzer Franziska , Burger Anna Lena , Dierkes Paul Wilhelm 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Through the rapid development in third generation sequencing methods and tools, microbiome studies on a various number of species were performed during the last decade. This advance makes it possible to analyze hundreds of samples from different species or animal groups at the same time in order to obtain a general overview of the microbiota. However, there is still uncertainty on the variability of the microbiota of different animal groups and on whether certain bacteria within a species are subject to greater fluctuations than others. This is largely due to the fact that the analysis in most extensive comparative studies is based on only a few samples per species or per study site. In our study, we aim to close this knowledge gap by analyzing multiple individual samples per species from four representative mammalian groups: Ruminantia, Perissodactyla, Canoidea and Feloidea held in different zoos. To assess microbial diversity, 621 fecal samples from 31 species were characterized by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq.
Results

We found significant differences in the consistency of microbiota composition and in fecal microbial diversity between carnivore and herbivore species. Whereas the microbiota of carnivores is highly variable and inconsistent within and between species, herbivores show less differences across species boundaries. Furthermore, low-abundant bacterial families show higher fluctuations in the fecal microbiota than high-abundant ones.
Conclusions

Our data suggest that microbial diversity is significantly higher in herbivores than in carnivores, whereas the microbiota in carnivores, unlike in herbivores, varies widely even within species. This high variability has methodological implications and underlines the need to analyze a minimum amount of samples per species. In our study, we found considerable differences in the occurrence of different bacterial families when looking at just three and six samples. However, from a sample number of 10 onwards, these variations greatly decreased in most cases and led to constant and more reliable results.
Synthesis, X-ray Characterisation, Hirshfeld Surface and Theoretical Studies of A Novel Cd(II) Coordination Compound Bearing 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Soudani Sarra , Kaabi Kamel , Jelsch Christian , Mi Jin Xiao , Lefebvre Frédéric , Nasr Cherif Ben 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A new compound of cadmium (II), [(Cd(2,3-pdcH)3) (Cd(H2O)6)], has been synthesized by reaction of 2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic anhydride with cadmium dichloride. The title compound has been characterized by X-ray crystallography and theoretical chemistry calculations. The new coordinated compound crystallizes in the trigonal space group P3. Its crystal structure consists of two homoleptic cadmium species which are showing a distorted octahedral geometry, one with six water molecules and the other one with three organic ligands coordinated to cadmium by the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring and one oxygen atom from the deprotonated dicarboxylic acid group. The different intermolecular interactions were defined by Hirshfeld surface analyses and described in terms of electrostatic energy. O-H…O hydrogen bonds between the water molecules and the carboxylate groups are formed and stabilized the crystal packing. Also, hydrophobic contacts consist between the pyridine cycle and the carboxylic/carboxylate functions. The HOMO and LUMO orbitals and the Molecular Electrostatic Potential maps were performed by the use of DFT theoretical calculations.
Difference in anisotropic vortex pinning in pristine and proton-irradiated (Ca0.85La0.15)10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 single crystals
Authors: Choi W. J. , Seo Y. I. , Park K. , Kwon Yong Seung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To study the difference in the vortex pinning mechanism between in-plane and out-of-plane and the change of these pinning mechanisms due to defects induced by proton irradiation, the in-plane electrical resistivity for pristine and proton irradiated (Ca0.85La0.15)10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 single crystals in B//c and B//ab up to B = 13 T. Both samples showed a monoclinic crystal structure, which was different from previously known, through crystal structure analysis using the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) method. The protons irradiation incident along the c-axis caused expansion of the lattice constants a and b. The electronic structure changed by the expansion of this lattice constant affected the change of the coherence length ξc significantly shorter than the distance between the superconducting Fe2As2 layers. The vortex in B//ab was mainly pinned by the newly formed normal component with zero Cooper pair due to the short ξc, and ξc increased by proton irradiation reduced the pinning energy. On the other hand, the vortex in B//c was mainly pinned by point defects, and the point defects increased by proton irradiation increased the pinning energy.
Evaluating the Feasibility of a Socio-Spiritual Intervention To Improve Quality of Life of Adults Living With Cancer and Their Family Caregivers: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Authors: Gabriel Israel , Creedy Debra , Coyne Elisabeth 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite high psychosocial needs that negatively affect the quality of life of adults living with cancer and their family caregivers, few interventions are culturally sensitive for people in low-income countries. This protocol describes a randomised controlled trial that aims to test the feasibility and efficacy of a socio-spiritual intervention to improve spiritual, family/social and information needs; health literacy; and quality of life of adult Nigerians living with cancer and their family caregivers.Methods: This two-arm randomised controlled trial will recruit 152 adults living with cancer and their family caregivers (76 dyads). Participants will be recruited from a publicly funded hospital outpatient clinic in Nigeria. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group at a 1:1 ratio. The intervention consists of four weekly face-to-face sessions with a focus on psychosocial needs, communication and building trusting relationships, and understanding strengths and resources of the family to build spiritual support. Control participants will receive usual care. The primary outcome is feasibility (rates of eligibility, acceptance, retention, assessment process, and fidelity) of the intervention. Secondary outcomes are quality of life (measured by the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spirituality [FACIT-Sp]), spiritual needs (Spiritual Needs Assessment for Patients [SNAP]), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support [MSPSS]), and information needs (Subscale of the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer).Discussion: Nigeria has the highest rate of extreme poverty globally, with increasing rates of cancer mortality. Testing the feasibility of social-spiritual interventions in resource-poor settings is essential to establish efficacy, sustainability, and support coping strategies of individuals with cancer and their caregivers. Demonstrated feasibility will enhance implementation of such interventions in clinical practice and communities in other low and middle-income countries.Trial registration: The trial was registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (www.pactr.org, identifier: PACTR202007829295775) on 15th June 2020.
The Elk1/MMP-9 Axis Regulates E-Cadherin and Occludin in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Authors: Tao Zhao , Jie Yan , Mingru Zhang , Changping Gu , Fan Yang , Haifeng Wu , Yuelan Wang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is a common complication in the treatment of respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Matrix metalloprotein (MMP) 9 and Elk1 are involved in VILI, but the roles have not been fully elucidated. This study examined the mechanisms of the activation of MMP-9 and Elk1 regulating barrier function in VILI in vitro and in vivo.Methods: For the in vitro study, MLE-12 cells were pre-treated with Elk1 siRNA or MMP-9 siRNA for 48 h prior to cyclic stretch at 20% for 4 h. For the in vivo study, C57BL/6 mice were pre-treated with Elk1 siRNA or MMP-9 siRNA for 72 h prior to 4h of mechanical ventilation. The expressions of Elk1, MMP-9, E-cadherin, and occludin were measured by Western blotting. The intracellular distribution of E-cadherin and occluding was shown by immunofluorescence. The degree of pulmonary edema and lung injury were evaluated by HE staining, lung injury scores, W/D weight ratio, total cell counts, and Evans blue dye.Results: 20% cyclic stretch and high tidal volume could increase the expressions of Elk1 and MMP-9, decrease the E-cadherin and occludin level. Elk1 siRNA or MMP-9 siRNA could reverse the degradations of E-cadherin and occludin caused by cyclic stretch. Elk1 siRNA could decrease the MMP-9 level with or not 20% cyclic stretch and high tidal volume. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that mechanical stretch could lead to the transcriptional activation of Elk1, enhance the expression of MMP-9 and mediate the loss of E-cadherin and occludin in VILI, thus indicating the therapeutic potential of Elk1 to treat VILI.
Polymorphisms in Gene UGT1A1 Modify the Association of Prenatal Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons With Congenital Heart Diseases Risk
Authors: Tao Jing , Li Nana , Liu Zhen , Deng Ying , Li Xiaohong , Luo Fangfang , Zou Yanna , Yu Ping , Zhu Jun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have focused on the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure on the risk of congenital heart diseases (CHDs), but generated inconsistent conclusions. Genetic susceptibility to PAHs metabolism may modify the exposure-risk relationship. Methods: Maternal urinary biomarker of PAHs exposure was determined in 357 pregnant women with CHDs fetuses and 270 pregnant women with controls. Maternal genotyping was conducted in UGT1A1 (rs3755319, rs887829, rs4148323, rs6742078, rs6717546). Unconditional logistic regression was performed to determine the impacts of UGT1A1 polymorphisms on the risks of CHDs and its subtypes. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to analyze the gene-gene and gene-PAHs exposure interactions. Results: None of the selected UGT1A1 polymorphisms were independently associated with the risk of CHDs. The interaction between rs4148323 and PAHs exposure was observed to be associated with CHDs (p<0.05). Pregnant women with high-levels PAHs exposure and carrying rs4148323 increased the risk of CHDs (GA-AA: aOR =2.00, 95% CI = 1.06-3.79). Moreover, the joint effect of rs4148323 and PAHs exposure was found to be significantly associated with risks of septal defects, conotruncal heart defects and right-sided obstructive malformations. Conclusions: Maternal genetic variation of UGT1A1 rs4148323 may modify the impact of prenatal PAHs exposure on CHDs risk. This finding needs to be further confirmed in a larger scale study.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Families Due to the Chronic Consumption of Nitrate-contaminated Water in Rural Areas of Durango, Mexico.
Authors: García-Torres Edgar , Pérez-Morales Rebeca , González-Zamora Alberto , Rincón Esperanza Yasmín Calleros 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Nitrate is a water pollutant widely disseminated and has been linked to health disorders, including thyroid disorders as subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods: A familial, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals in rural areas of Durango, Mexico. The sample comprised 102 subjects forming part of 26 families’ resident in the abovementioned areas. All those fulfilling the inclusion criteria were tested for exposure biomarkers (plasma and urinary nitrite), an effect biomarker (percentage of methemoglobin), and thyroid function (thyroid profile). The genotypes corresponding to the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs965513 and rs1867277 of the FOXE1 gene were also determined. The presence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) was determined in those subjects who were found to have subclinical hypothyroidism. The variables of interest comprised the subject’s age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and thyroid profile, as well as the exposure and effect biomarkers, and the levels of nitrate exposure via drinking water. Pearson's correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), heatmap and cluster analysis as well as post hoc Kruskal-Wallis and chi-squared were performed. Results: 102 individuals were analyzed, 45% presented subclinical hypothyroidism, a negative correlation was observed between methemoglobin and total T3 (r= -0.43, r2=18.49, p=0.001) and free T3 levels (r= -0.34, r2=11.56, p=0.001); also between plasma nitrite and free T4 (r= -0.20, r2= 4, p=0.045) and total T3 (r= 0.23, r2= 5.29, p=0.022). Only 15.7% had positive antithyroid ab-TPO, while the polymorphic genotype (AA) represent only 3% (rs965513) and 4% (rs1867277) among subclinical hypothyroidism. Conclusions: The subclinical hypothyroidism in the population studied is mainly due to nitrate contamination in drinking water.
Novel culture media enhances mononuclear cells from patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia to increase vasculogenesis and anti-inflammatory effect
Authors: Chruewkamlow Nuttapol , Pruekprasert Kanin , Phutthakunphithak Phakawan , Acharayothin Onchira , Prapassaro Tossapol , Hongku Kiattisak , Hahtapornsawan Suteekhanit , Puangpunngam Nattawut , Chinsakchai Khamin , Wongwanit Chumpol , Ruangsetakit Chanean , Sermsathanasawadi Nuttawut 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Quality and Quantity culture media (QQ culture media) was reported to enhance vasculogenesis and angiogenesis function of mononuclear cells (MNCs) from healthy volunteers. In this study, MNCs from chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) patients were cultured in QQ culture media, and then investigated for angiogenesis-related phenotype and function.
Methods

Patients aged ≥ 18 years with CLTI caused by atherosclerosis of the lower extremities were prospectively recruited at Siriraj Hospital (Bangkok, Thailand) during July 2017 to December 2018. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) were isolated from peripheral blood. PBMNCs were cultured in either QQ culture media or standard culture media. The number of CD34 + CD133 + cells, CD206 + cells, CD4 + CD25 + CD127 + cells, colony formation assay and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) tube formation assay in MNCs were compared between those cultured in QQ culture media and those cultured in standard culture media.
Results

Thirty-nine patients were included with a mean age of 69 ± 11 years. Diabetes mellitus was found in 25 (64%) patients. The percentage of CD34 + CD133 + progenitor cells in MNCs cultured in QQ culture media and in MNCs cultured in standard culture media was 4.91 ± 5.30% and 0.40 ± 0.46%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The percentage of CD206 + cells in MNCs cultured in QQ culture media and in MNCs cultured in standard culture media was 19.31 ± 11.42% and 4.40 ± 2.54%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The percentage of inactive population of T regulatory cells (CD4 + CD25 + CD127 + cells) in MNCs cultured in standard culture media and in MNCs cultured in QQ culture media was 14.5 ± 10.68% and 84 ± 1.37%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The total number of colony-forming units from MNCs cultured in QQ culture media and in MNCs cultured in standard culture media was 8.86 ± 8.35 of 2×105 cells/dish, and 0.58 ± 1.05 of 2×105 cells/dish, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean intensity of Dil-Ac-LDL uptake that incorporated into the HUVEC forming tube was 1.37 ± 0.88 in MNCs cultured in QQ culture media, and 0.78 ± 0.41 in MNCs cultured in standard culture media. (p < 0.0003).
Conclusions

MNCs from CLTI patients that were cultured in QQ culture media had a significantly higher number of CD34 + CD133 + cells and anti-inflammatory cells, and higher angiogenesis-related function compared to MNCs cultured in standard culture media.
Do Energy Consumption and Environmental Quality Enhance Subjective Wellbeing in G20 Countries?
Authors: Kumari Neha , Kumar Pushp , Sahu Naresh Chandra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
G20 countries are responsible for more than 80% of global energy consumption and the largest emitter of CO2 in the world. Literature related to the energy consumption-environmental quality-subjective wellbeing nexus is limited and lacks consensus. This paper analyses the impact of energy consumption and environmental quality on subjective wellbeing in G20 countries from 2006 to 2019 using a panel corrected standard error (PCSE) panel model. Cantril life ladder data is used as a proxy of subjective wellbeing. For robustness, the Newey-West standard error model is used. The findings reveal that renewable energy consumption and improved environmental quality, i.e. lesser carbon emissions enhance subjective wellbeing in G20 countries. In contrast, non-renewable energy consumption degrades subjective wellbeing. Moreover, the study also finds a bidirectional causality between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, and economic growth. The policymakers of these countries should encourage renewable energy production and its consumption to reduce carbon emissions for conserving the environment and enhancing their people's subjective wellbeing.
More Than Meets the Eye: a Case of Synchronous Ipsilateral Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Urothelial Carcinoma of the Pelvicalyceal System
Authors: Symeonidis Asterios , Tsikopoulos Ioannis , Symeonidis Evangelos N. , Tsifountoudis Ioannis , Michailidis Antonios , Tsantila Ioanna , Gkekas Chrysovalantis , Georgiadis Christos , Malioris Apostolos , Papathanasiou Michail 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The synchronous occurrence of renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis in the same kidney is extremely rare, although previously reported. To our knowledge, we present the youngest patient recorded in the literature, with this histology combination presenting synchronously in the same kidney, and the first report in active duty military personnel.Case presentation: An otherwise healthy 43-year-old military male with the chief complaint of left plank pain was seen in the office. Imaging revealed the presence of a 3.5 cm left renal mass. Left laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed for presumed renal malignancy. Pathology confirmed the presence of a clear cell RCC and revealed an area of low-grade UC arising from the ipsilateral renal pelvis, not visible in the preoperative imaging. Conclusions: Although uncommon, the final pathology report may reveal neoplasms of dissimilar histology that may involve the renal pelvis. It is crucial for urologists and pathologists to be vigilant of such cases during a solid renal mass workup. Additional therapeutic adjustments may be necessitated, derailing the initial treatment plan. Novel biomarkers of cancer stem-like cells may play a role in the management of these patients.
Comparison Between Standard Vs. High Dosing Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis in COVID19 Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Aljuhani Ohoud , Alsulaiman Khalid , Hafiz Awattif , Eljaaly Khalid , Alharbi Aisha , Algarni Rahma , Homaid Sarah Al , Qahtani Khawla Al , Alsulaiman Tareq , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Ghamdi Ghassan Al , Alalawi Mai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: There is uncertainty about the appropriate dosing regimen, safety, bleeding risk, and the predisposing factors for thrombosis/bleeding risk in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Also, the available evidence is limited and depends either on observational studies or randomized trials with small sample size. Thus, the aim of the study is to determine the optimal dosing of pharmacological VTE prophylaxis in critically ill patients with COVID-19 patients.Methods: A multicenter, retrospective, cohort study conducted at two governmental tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia. All critically ill COVID 19 patients who received pharmacological VTE prophylaxis and were admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) between March 1st, 2020 to January 31st, 2021 were included. Patients who received Standard dosing VTE prophylaxis were compared to patients who received high dosing pharmacological VTE prophylaxis.Results: A total of 758 patients were screened; 565 patients were included in the study. We matched 352 patients using propensity score matching (1:1) according to the baseline severity scores (i.e., APACHE II score, SOFA score), history of CKD, and AKI within 24 hours of ICU admission. The differences in venous thromboembolism (OR (95%CI): 0.75 (0.16–3.38), p-value = 0.70) and any case of thrombosis (OR (95%CI): 1.22 (0.52–2.86), p-value = 0.64) were not statistically significant between the two groups. In contrast, minor bleeding was associated with the use of high dosing regimen of VTE prophylaxis (OR (95%CI): 3.39 (1.08–10.61), p-value = 0.04). There was no difference in the 30-day ICU mortality nor in-hospital mortality between the two groups (OR (95%CI): 1.26 (0.77–2.05), p-value = 0.36 and OR (95%CI): 1.05 (0.66–1.68), p-value = 0.83 respectively).Conclusion: High dosing pharmacological VTE prophylaxis in critically ill COVID-19 patients was not associated with VTE, thrombosis, or mortality benefits but led to an increased risk of minor bleeding. Further randomized clinical and interventional studies are required to confirm our findings.