bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of technologies for high efficiency silicon solar cells
Authors: Sui Muchen , Chu Yuxin , Zhang Ran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Solar power, an emerging representative of sustainable resources, remains a critical solution to the growing requirement for energy. In recent years, huge efforts have been devoted to developing solar power conversion, leading to the rapid development of the global photovoltaic (PV) market. As the first-generation solar cells, silicon solar cells, particularly crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells, still dominate the PV industry. However, many factors constrain their efficiency to a great extent, including the surface recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes and the reduction of light absorption on the front surface. To overcome these problems, many techniques have been investigated. This paper presents an overview of high-efficiency silicon solar cells’ typical technologies, including surface passivation, anti-reflection coating, surface texturing, multi-junction solar cell, and interdigitated back contact solar cell. The working principles, characteristics, and some recent research of these techniques are discussed in this article.
Effect of Multidirectional Forging on Microstructure and Properties of AZ40 Alloy
Authors: Shengxing Zhi , Jiawei Yuan , Xinggang Li , Yongjun Li , Minglong Ma , Guoliang Shi , Kui Zhang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
AZ40 alloy was operated with the plastic deformation by multidirectional forging (MDF). The evolution rules of microstructure and texture during forging were analyzed by means of metallographic microscope and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD), and the evolution mechanism of texture during forging is explored. The results show that, with the increase of passes of forging, the strength of the basal texture decreases. After four passes of forging, the original {0001} basal texture is changed to {101̄0} and {21̄1̄0} cylindrical texture, and the Schmind factor of the alloy reaches the maximum. Through multidirectional forging, the anisotropy of the alloy is weakened, and the mechanical properties of each texture are improved compared with that of the extruded state. After four passes of forging, the plasticity of the alloy is the best and the elongation ratio reaches the maximum, which is 32.0%, 29.2% and 27.0%, respectively.
Antenna Modeling and Simulation Method Analysis and Research
Authors: Xianhao Zhang , Kang Guo , Zhongmei Luo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Antenna is an indispensable equipment in radio communication, radio broadcasting, radio navigation, radar, remote control and other radio systems.The significance of the simulation of smart antenna system is not only to verify various technologies of smart antenna and find problems, but also to evaluate the performance of various advanced signal processing algorithms through the processing of experimental data, which can provide strong support for the smooth development of smart antenna research.In this paper, the research of antenna simulation mainly includes the definition of antenna, the development course of antenna, the achievements of antenna research and the direction of current exploration.
TTT Curve of Ti-6Cr-5V-5Mo-4Al-1Nb Alloy
Authors: Yue Song , Xuefei Cui , Yang Yu , Xiaoyun Song , Yumeng Luo , Wenjun Ye , Songxiao Hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to study the aging hardening characteristics and isothermal aging process of Ti-6Cr-5V-5Mo-4Al-1Nb alloy the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curve of the alloy was measured by aging hardness method, and the microstructure changes during isothermal process were analyzed by XRD and SEM. It was found that the alloy had a high aging response speed at other aging temperatures except for the slow aging at 300°C and 400°C. When the aging time is prolonged at medium and low temperatures, the alloy can also produce the same aging strengthening effect as that at medium temperature aging, indicating that the temperature window of the alloy aging is wide, the aging strengthening effect is good, and it has the operability of heat treatment strengthening, so it is an ideal structural material. The isothermal aging transformation curve of the alloy is C type, and it can be obtained from the figure that the nose temperature is about 545°C
Rapid fabrication of submillimeter ultrathin CdI2 flakes via a facile hot plate-assisted vapor deposition method
Authors: Zhao Mei , Qiao Liang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As an important member of cadmium-based halides, two-dimensional (2D) CdI2 has drawn widespread attention due to its excellent optoelectronic properties. However, the large-size growth of ultrathin CdI2 flakes remains a huge challenge. Here, a facile hot plate-assisted vapor deposition (HPVVD) method is developed to synthesize submillimeter ultrathin CdI2 flakes. The photodetectors based on CdI2 flakes exhibit extremely low dark current (0.53 pA), ultrafast response speed (<2 ms) and good stability. The proposed HPVVD method may open a new avenue to prepare 2D layered metal halides.
Research on 5G related technologies under the new generation of information technology
Authors: Yang Rui , Hu Ruihan , Li Yuhong , Xie Weisheng , Xu Yongqian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
At present, 5G refers to a vital direction for evolving and upgrading new generations of information technology, and the Industrial Internet critically supports the fourth industrial revolution. 5G has acted as a novel driving force to lead the innovation and stimulate the novel types of information. From a technical perspective, in the 5G field, ultra-low-loss high-reliability copper-clad laminate materials employed in 5G high-speed communications (56Gbps, 112Gbps), 5G metamaterials and low-loss high-performance RF technology, and 5G low-loss magnetoelectric functions. For materials and devices, multi-module integrated printed circuits for 5G communication base stations, manufacturing of 5G communication optoelectronic integrated cables, and multi-channel high linearity and large dynamic range RF optical transceiver integrated modules in terms of 5G mobile communication will show critical significance, as well as in smart agriculture application and demonstration. From an application perspective, China has made it clear that it will start 5G commercial use in 2020, and has issued 5G licenses ahead of this year, which is also leading in the world. 5G fully complies with the future trends of human progress, social development and economic growth. Inevitably, its large-scale applications will be achieved and will expand to a wide range of industries and fields, extended to all aspects of the economy and society, alter human consumption patterns, and transform human production, which can provide a powerful means for the high-quality development and governance of society.
Real time Machine Learning Approach for a Smart Door Unlocking Using Face recognition System
Authors: Rayavel P , Sivakumar A , Gopirajan P V , Surenderanath S , Rathnavel P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This proposed framework goes about as a home security framework for both Person location and gives security to entryway access control by utilizing facial acknowledgment for the home climate. The more peculiar’s face is distinguished inside a home climate accomplished by catching a picture from a web camera and handling will be done on caught pictures. The web camera catches the arrangement of pictures when the individual comes before the entryway. The caught picture is analyzed utilizing our face acknowledgment calculation model. In the event that the individual is the approved one, at that point the entryway is opened. Then again, if the individual isn’t the approved one. The picture of the individual is shipped off the power in the event that he perceives the individual and wants to open the entryway. He can distantly get to the entryway and permit the individual in.
Classification of remote sensing images using CNN
Authors: Cherian Aswathy K , Poovammal E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A number of factors can influence the classification of images. The effective outcome or valuable information from multi-source data for better earth exploration becomes a fascinating yet challenging problem when a list of remotely sensed data sources is available. Efficient Remote Sensing Images (RSI) classification has been the foundation for remote sensing applications. A range of classifiers are used to realize the classification of several types of remote sensing image targets. Better classification of targets is critical in both military and civilian sectors. In this paper, the focus is on summarizing the main advanced approaches used to enhance classification precision. The result shows that the Convolutional Neural Network outperforms all the other traditional classification methods.
Investigations on Joining of High Density Poly Ethylene Sheets using Resistance Welding Technique
Authors: Pradeep K. , Panicker Sudhy S , Panneerselvam K , Asokan P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a result of growing potential for high performance applications, parts made of HDPE materials is gaining greater interest for industry. Hence, the studies on joining of HDPE has got much significance. In this work, resistance welding of HDPE sheets was performed focusing on the governing set of parameters, current, pressure and time. Design of experiment (DOE) is done using full factorial design. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was done with shear strength of weld as main parameter with the assistance of MINITAB software. Optimum parameters were identified in the study were medium level parameters produced good strength and better finished welded samples. Microstructure taken through Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was supportive for this observation as there was a uniform flow of HDPE material without any void around the implant SS mesh for the best weld condition. The Finite element (FE) modeling of the resistance welding process was also performed using ANSYS to predict the thermal distributions occurring during the process depending on different levels of current and time inputs.
Design and fabrication of six axial arm robot
Authors: Gunasekaran K N , Vasu C , Ram N S Vishnu , Tharun Athi Raj G , Vijayamoorthi R S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Industrial revolution 4.0 is paradigm shift towards automation to cater the needs of ongoing demand in industrial production and to meet the requirements of exponential increase. In line with that six axial robotic arm can pave the way to complete the laborious task with in stipulated time. Six axial robotic arm it has a six axial robotic arm driven by six servomotors; a simple 6-DOF motion can be obtained. Robotic arm encompass of mechanical structure and control unit, Control unit controls whole motion of the system. It has two pieces of plastic gears, motors linkages tightened with fasteners and some sophisticated combination of laser cutted acrylic components. This fabricated model has the applications of robotic arm are pick and place spot welding, spray painting etc. The main objective of this paper is to propose a design and fabricate a six axial arm robot using servomotors which helps in the movement of links also the arm is allowed to extend freely with base fixed. The Arduino board connected to the motor to inspect and control the process
Design, Analysis, Manufacturing and Testing of a SCARA Robot with Pneumatic Gripper for the Poultry Industry
Authors: Prakash Amal , Rajendran Anikesh , Pranav V K , Sreedharan Pramod 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Soft robotics is replacing conventional robots in fields requiring interaction with fragile objects. Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu is responsible for over 90% of egg exports in India. Most of the eggs are processed and palletized manually which causes a lot of money on human labor. This paper discusses the design of a SCARA robot which uses asymmetric flexible pneumatic bellow actuator (AFPBA) to palletize the eggs to reduce the processing time and human labor. The design, analysis, manufacturing and testing details have been provided. The manufactured prototype was able to successfully lift 200 grams without slippage.
Design Optimization and Analysis of External Corrugation and Geometry of Asymmetrical Bellow Flexible Pneumatic Actuator
Authors: Pranav V K , Prakash Amal , Rajendran Anikesh , Sreedharan Pramod 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pneumatic soft actuators are a highly researched topic in soft robotics. The paper discusses the design and analysis of an Asymmetric Flexible Pneumatic bellow Actuator (AFPBA). This kind of actuator is cheap, easy to produce, reliable and durable. Soft grippers commonly use this actuator to pick fragile objects. The objective is to design an actuator which produced the maximum bending and study the effect of external corrugation and eccentricity on the actuator to select the optimal design. Optimum eccentricity has been determined by two factors – bending and stability. The model has also been tested at different pressures. Nitrile rubber was used as the material to design and analyze the actuator. Finite element analysis was employed to conduct the structural analysis of the actuator. In conclusion, an actuator with a semicircular cross-section and semi-circular corrugation for the bellows gave the maximum bending. For the particular design selected with an eccentricity of 0.87 provided the maximum bending of 30.764 degrees at working pressure (5 bar).
Steady State Thermal and Structural Simulation of SS 316L Bipolar Plates used in 250 Watt PEMFC
Authors: Raju Robin , Rajan Vikas 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Design and optimisation of bipolar plates play a crucial role in determining the overall efficiency of the PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell. These plates are designed in such a way that the PEM fuel cell achieves the best water and thermal management capability. The conventionally used graphite-based bipolar plates are getting replaced by metallic plates for powering space applications and portable devices due to its good mechanical and electrical properties. In this paper, we present the thermal and structural simulation of the stainless-steel type 316L bipolar plates used in 250W PEM fuel cell after the preheating process but before the supply of the fuel into the stack.
Multi-objective optimization of turbulent jet impingement cooling system : A thermal and thermodynamic study
Authors: Kumar Lam Prasanth Anand , Arul Prakash K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an optimization methodology for turbulent air jet impingement cooling system is reported. The continuity, Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes, turbulent kinetic energy (k), turbulent dissipation rate (ε) and energy equations are solved using the Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) Finite Element (FE) Method. In this study, Reynolds number (Rej
) and channel height (H/L) are selected as design parameters. The influence of design parameters on turbulent flow, heat transfer and entropy generation distribution for the system are presented and discussed. As Rej
increases and H/L decreases, the magnitude of overall Nusselt number and global total entropy generation increases. Subsequently, the Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) was introduced to achieve optimal impingement system configurations with maximum heat transfer and minimum entropy generation.
Mitigation of shockwave induced boundary layer separation through a secondary recirculation duct in a hypersonic flow
Authors: Irimpan Kiran Joy , Hariharan Anand Raj 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A secondary recirculation duct which leaks fluid from a high pressure reattachment zone to a low pressure upstream location of a shock wave boundary layer interation zone is discussed in the below article. The mitigation can be attributed to both suction and blowing. Computational analyses of the above problem at a freestream of Mach 8.6 with various jet injection locations were studied for its effectiveness via a commercial software ANSYS Fluentl9 and the results are very promising. The jet injection close to the separation point is found to be most effective in delaying separation and reducing the separation bubble.
Productivity Improvement — A Case Study of Hindustan Polymer Products
Authors: Akhil S K , Narendran A K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In India, a large fraction of industries are labor intensive in nature which requires a large amount of labor for work and the productivity depends on the performance of workers that can vary according to many facts. By proper implementation of various techniques and methods, productivity can be improved and this article suggests a methodology that can be implemented in any labor intensive industry to improve productivity, carefully examining various aspects and making the necessary adjustments. The methodology begins with the analysis of the work environment and work study in a labor intensive industry and the results are systematically analyzed using appropriate tools such as 5S, Pareto Analysis etc. to provide better alternatives and solutions. A significant percentage of time is saved after the implementation of solutions and standardization of the operations in the company and these recommendations may be extended to other forms of industry by making suitable changes.
Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Jute and Hemp fibre based Epoxy Composites
Authors: Ravi Kumar B , Hariharan S S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The conventional materials are replacing via composite materials due to their special properties like high specific strength, high elastic constants, and relatively low expansion in the thermal environment. Usage of fibre reinforced composites based on natural fibres has increasingly started as viable material in low load carrying applications. In the current study, hemp and jute fibre based epoxy composites were developed and tested for assessing their suitability for possible applications in automobile and aerospace interiors. Composites were undergone tensile tests, compression tests, and flexural tests to understand their behavior under various loading conditions. The results revealed that the usage of hemp and jute fibre reinforced composites can improve mechanical properties and have shown a viable alternative to replace synthetic fibres such as glass fibres for specific applications. Hemp reinforced natural fibre composites have shown better mechanical properties as compared to jute fibre based composites.
Smart Reader for Visually Impaired Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Sarkar S , Pansare G , Patel B , Gupta A , Chauhan A , Yadav R , attula N B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the humongous amount of texts and written media available today it has been increasingly necessary to make these available to people from all walks of life specially catering to the visually impaired people, thus devising a system which can assist in this task is of prime importance. The proposed device aims to solve this predicament by using Raspberry Pi module B+ to convert printed and hand written into easily accessible playable speech. It also stores speech which can be replayed at a time deemed suitable. The main focus of this paper is to develop a smart reader system which coverts hand written and printed text to speech. It has been observed that the scanned texts were converted into easily audible speech heard via the speaker with high efficiency.
Concept selection and Kinematic modeling of hand rehabilitation robotic device
Authors: Sunil  , Mathew Meby , Sudheer A.P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rehabilitation using an exoskeleton is one of the widely accepted methods for the recovery of lost motor abilities. Most of the present research concentrates on either soft or rigid exoskeletons. In this paper, the design of a five-finger exoskeleton is discussed along with the advantage of soft and rigid bodied exoskeletons. Concept selection for the designs is done using the standard procedure of screening and scoring. Forward and inverse kinematic modeling of thumb and index finger is performed with Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) method.
Kinematic modelling and analysis of single leg in hybrid wheel-legged mobile robot
Authors: Arunkumar P , Sudheer A P , Joy M L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mobile manipulators are extensively used in various applications. Most of the mobile manipulators are built on a wheeled mobile platform. A wheeled mobile platform performs well on flat terrains but is not suitable for navigation in rough terrains. The legged robots are commonly used for rough terrain applications. However, the navigation speed of legged robots is lesser than wheeled mobile robots. This paper focuses on the development of hybrid wheellegged robots to overcome the above difficulties. The proposed model is quadruped with five degrees of freedom in each leg. The development of the kinematic model, its dimensional synthesis, and motion study for a single leg is presented in detail. DH-conventions are used for kinematic modelling, manipulability index is used for dimension synthesis, and motion study is carried out in ADAMS.
Experimental Study on Geopolymer Rubberized concrete using natural Zeolite
Authors: Bhavani Suthari , Nagesh kumar G. , Reddy M. Srinivasula , Sanjeeva Rayudu E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
On one hand, the utilization of rubber tires is ever-increasing, expected to further increase at a rapid rate, and with that the waste rubber. When the tires become old, worn out and irreparable, it is often dumped in landfills. For every one billion tires produced, an equal amount of tires being removed from the vehicles. This waste can be utilized in large quantities when employed in the construction industry. On the other hand, cement-based concrete utilization also increasing at a faster rate and with that the CO2 emissions. These two major issues i.e. waste rubber utilization and curbing of cement consumption can be effectively done by developing geopolymer concrete with the replacement of waste rubber chips and rubber powder in the place of natural aggregates. In the present study, the geopolymer concrete has been developed by using fly ash, GGBS, and zeolite as binder materials, sodium hydroxide, and sodium silicate as alkaline activators, rubber chips as a partial replacement to natural coarse aggregate, rubber powder as a partial replacement to natural fine aggregate. Rubberized geopolymer concretes have been developed by replacing fly ash with 5% zeolite, natural coarse aggregate with 2.5% waste rubber chips, and natural fine aggregate with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of waste rubber powder. The developed concrete is then assessed for its performance through mechanical properties, durability behaviour. The results showed the developed concrete has high impact resistance and good freeze-thaw resistance properties. This concrete is suitable for the members subjected to high-impact loads.
Effect of wall-slip on natural convection in a circular annulus
Authors: Nair Gautham S. , Harikrishna R. , Murali Damu , Ajith Kumar S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional natural convection in an annulus enclosed by a hot inner cylinder and cold outer cylinder with air (Prandtl number, Pr=0.71) as the fluid is numerically investigated for Rayleigh number (Ra)= 5 × 104 using OpenFOAM. For a gap width to radius ratio (L/Ri
) of 1.6, the slip configurations are imposed by varying the Slip factor (SF) from 0 (no-slip) to 1 (full-slip) in steps of 0.2. The flow patterns and thermal fields for each slip factor are visualised using streamlines and isotherms and heat transfer is quantified by Nusselt number (Nu). It is observed that the natural convection patterns at full-slip boundary condition (SF=1) exhibit unique phenomena like vortex splitting, shrinkage in the thermally stagnant regions, and reduction in thermal boundary layer thickness. The heat transfer characteristics, in general, get enhanced with the increase in SF.