bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered kidney function and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A prospective pilot study
Authors: Temiz Mustafa Zafer , Hacibey Ibrahim , Yazar Ramazan Omer , Sevdi Mehmet Salih , Kucuk Suat Hayri , Alkurt Gizem , Doganay Levent , Doganay Gizem Dinler , Dincer Muhammet Murat , Yuruk Emrah , Erkalp Kerem , Muslumanoglu Ahmet Yaser 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe central role in the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), called as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), infection is attributed to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). ACE-2 expressing respiratory system involvement is the main clinical manifestation of the infection. However, literature about the association between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and higher ACE-2 expressing kidney is very limited. In this study, we primarily aimed to investigate whether there is a kidney injury during the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The predictive value of kidney injury for survival was also determined.MethodsA total of 47 participants who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The participants were classified as ‘‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’’ ‘‘COVID-19 patients after treatment’’, ‘‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU’’ and ‘‘controls’’. The parameters comorbidity, serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, CKD-EPI eGFR levels, KIM-1 and NGAL levels, urine KIM-1/creatinine and NGAL/creatinine ratios were statistically compared between the groups. The associations between covariates including kidney disease indicators and death from COVID-19 were examined using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.ResultsSerum creatinine and cystatin C levels, urine KIM-1/creatinine levels, and CKD-EPI, CKD-EPI cystatin C and CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C eGFR levels exhibited significant difference in the groups. The causes of the difference were more altered kidney function and increased acute kidney damage in COVID-19 patients before treatment and under treatment in ICU. Additionally, incidences of comorbidity and proteinuria in the urine analysis were higher in the COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU group. Urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio and proteinuria were associated with COVID-19 specific death.ConclusionsWe found that COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU exhibited extremely higher levels of serum cystatin C, and urine KIM-1/creatinine and urine NGAL/creatinine ratios. These results clearly described the acute kidney damage by COVID-19 using molecular kidney damage markers for the first time in the literature. Lowered CKD-EPI, CKD-EPI cystatin C and CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C eGFR levels were determined in them, as well. Urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio and proteinuria were associated with COVID-19 specific death. In this regard, considering kidney function and kidney damage markers must not be ignored in the COVID-19 patients, and serial monitoring of them should be considered.
A journey from Rio to Paris via Kyoto to facilitate technology transfer to the LDCs under the UNFCCC
Authors: Azam Monirul 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate to what extent the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have supported (or could support) the least developed countries (LDCs) particularly for accessing the climate technologies and thereby to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted legal dogmatism to evaluate the gradual development of technology transfer issues to support the LDCs under the international climate regime.

Findings
This study suggested a few potential measures to facilitate meaningful technology transfer to LDCs – such as clarifying and linking the role of the technology and financial mechanism, a more robust role of capacity building, using the sustainable development mechanism with a technology transfer focus, improving the transparency and reporting mechanism to particularly indicate support regarding technology transfer requested and received by the LDCs linking it with the nationally determined contributions, and adapting a pragmatic approach to intellectual property.

Originality/value
This study is an original contribution as it identified concern over technology transfer under the UNFCCC since 1992 with a focus on the LDCs and indicated required actions that need to be taken to support the LDCs in the context of climate-related technology transfer and beyond.
Pressure effects on sulfur‐oxidizing activity of Thiobacillus thioparus
Authors: Osman Jorge R. , Cardon Hervé , Montagnac Gilles , Picard Aude , Daniel Isabelle 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCarbon capture and storage technologies are crucial for reducing carbon emission from power plants as a response to global climate change. The CarbFix project (Iceland) aims at examining the geochemical response of injected CO2 into subsurface reservoirs. The potential role of the subsurface biosphere has been little investigated up to now. Here, we used Thiobacillus thioparus that became abundant at the CarbFix1 pilot site after injection of CO2 and purified geothermal gases in basaltic aquifer at 400–800 m depth (4–8 MPa). The capacity of T. thioparus to produce sulfate, through oxidation of thiosulfate, was measured by Raman spectroscopy as a function of pressure up to 10 MPa. The results show that the growth and metabolic activity of T. thioparus are influenced by the initial concentration of the electron donor thiosulfate. It grows best at low initial concentration of thiosulfate (here 5 g.l−1 or 31.6 mM) and best oxidizes thiosulfate into sulfate at 0.1 MPa with a yield of 14.7 ± 0.5%. Sulfur oxidation stops at 4.3 ± 0.1 MPa (43 bar). This autotrophic specie can thereby react to CO2 and H2S injection down to 430 m depth and may contribute to induced biogeochemical cycles during subsurface energy operations.
Molecular expression and functional features of Kv7 channels in human prostate smooth muscle
Authors: Choi Joongwon , Han Deok H. , Chae Mee R. , Sung Hyun H. , Kang Su J. , Shin Jimin , Lee Sung W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundRelaxation of prostate smooth muscle tone is a key strategy for the medical treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. However, potassium channel's physiological role inhuman prostatic smooth muscle (HPrSM) has yet to be determined.ObjectivesIn this study, we examined the molecular characteristics and physiological roles of Kv7 channels in HPrSM.Materials and methodsThe expressions of KCNQ1–5 (Kv7 channel pore‐forming α‐subunits) and KCNE1‐5 (β‐regulatory subunits) isoforms in HPrSM were examined using real‐time PCR. The relaxation effect of ML213 was investigated by cumulatively adding ML213 to the prostate strips. Kv7 currents were recorded using an amphotericin‐B perforated patch‐clamp technique.ResultsIn HPrSM cells, KCNQ4, KCNQ5, and KCNE4 isoforms were predominantly expressed, while KCNQ1, KCNQ5, and KCNE3 isoforms were the most abundantly expressed in human prostatic tissues. Western blot analysis revealed the protein expression of the Kv7.1, 7.4, and 7.5 channel subtypes in human prostate tissues (n = 3). ML213 (an activator of Kv7.2/7.4/7.5) induced the concentration‐dependent relaxation of HPrSM strips (n = 15, p = 0.001), and this effect was attenuated by pretreatment with XE991 (a Kv7.1–7.5 blocker). In electrophysiology studies, ML213 significantly increased the amplitude of whole‐cell Kv7 currents in HPrSM cells. ML213‐induced outward currents were greater than retigabine (a Kv7.2–7.5 channel activator). The subsequent addition of XE991 completely inhibited the ML213‐induced currents (n = 9, p < 0.01 vs. ML213). ML213 hyperpolarized the HPrSM cell membrane potential and was fully reversed by XE991. In situ PLA revealed the colocalization of heteromeric KV7.4/KV7.5 channels in HPrSM cells.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Kv7.4 and 7.5 channels in prostatic smooth muscle play a critical role in the regulation of HPrSM tone and that Kv7 channel subtypes may be novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of LUTS associated with BPH.
Primary antibody deficiency: The impact on the quality of life and mental health of affected children and their parents
Authors: Berg Annika Klungland , Diseth Trond H. , Abrahamsen Tore Gunnar , Halvorsen Kathleen , Reinfjell Trude , Erichsen Hans Christian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate health‐related quality of life, mental health and treatment‐related stress responses in children with primary antibody deficiency and both their parents.MethodsChildren and their parents completed the standardised questionnaires Pediatric Quality of life Inventory, Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and Impact of Event Scale. Parents also completed standardised questionnaires regarding their own mental health and quality of life. The results were compared to those of healthy children, kidney transplanted children and children in remission from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.ResultsChildren with primary antibody deficiency reported a poorer health‐related quality of life compared to healthy children and children in remission from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. They reported poorer mental health compared with healthy children. Mothers of children with primary antibody deficiency reported poorer mental health compared to mothers of healthy children but comparable to mothers of chronically ill children. Parents reported a similar quality of life as the general Norwegian population. Treatment with subcutaneous immunoglobulin infusions at home is generally well tolerated, but some report severe treatment‐related stress.ConclusionPrimary antibody deficiency has a significant impact on quality of life and mental health of affected children. Patients and parents with severe treatment‐related stress should be identified and helped.
Lessons learnt from the variation across 6741 family/general practices in England in the use of treatments for hypogonadism
Authors: Heald Adrian H. , Stedman Michael , Whyte Martin , Livingston Mark , Albanese Marco , Ramachandran Sud , Hackett Geoff 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe have previously reported rates of diagnosis of male hypogonadism in United Kingdom (UK) general practices. We aimed to identify factors associated with testosterone prescribing in UK general practice.MethodsWe determined for 6741 general practices in England, the level of testosterone prescribing in men and the relation between volume of testosterone prescribing and (1) demographic characteristics of the practice, (2) % patients with specific comorbidities and (3) national GP patient survey results.ResultsThe largest volume (by prescribing volume) agents were injectable preparations at a total cost in the 12‐month period 2018/19 of £8,172,519 with gel preparations in second place: total cost £4,795,057. Transdermal patches, once the only alternative to testosterone injections or implants, were little prescribed: total cost £222,022. The analysis accounted for 0.27 of the variance in testosterone prescribing between general practices. Thus, most of this variance was not accounted for by the analysis. There was a strong univariant relation (r = .95, P < .001) between PDE5‐I prescribing and testosterone prescribing. Other multivariant factors independently linked with more testosterone prescribing were as follows: HIGHER proportion of men with type 2 diabetes(T2DM) on target control (HbA1c ≤ 58 mmol/mol) and HIGHER overall practice rating on the National Patient Survey for good experience, while non‐white ethnicity and socio‐economic deprivation were associated with less testosterone prescribing. There were a number of comorbidity factors associated with less prescribing of testosterone (such as T2DM, hypertension and stroke/TIA).ConclusionOur analysis has indicated that variation between general practices in testosterone prescribing in a well developed health economy is only related to small degree (r2 = 0.27) to factors that we can define. This suggests that variation in amount of testosterone prescribed is largely related to general practitioner choice/other factors not studied and may be amenable to measures to increase knowledge/awareness of male hypogonadism, with implications for men's health.
Glycaemic efficacy and safety of mealtime faster‐acting insulin aspart administered by injection as compared to insulin aspart in people with diabetes mellitus: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pal Rimesh , Banerjee Mainak , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo summarize all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and provide precise effect estimates of glycaemic efficacy/safety of faster‐acting insulin aspart administered by injection as compared to insulin aspart in people with diabetes mellitus.MethodsPubMed/Cochrane Library were systematically searched till October 10, 2020, to identify RCTs with duration ≥16 weeks, evaluating efficacy/safety of mealtime injections of faster aspart compared to insulin aspart in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Studies using faster aspart as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion were excluded. Continuous and dichotomous outcome variables (expressed as estimated treatment difference and rate ratio in RCTs, respectively) were pooled using generic inverse variance method with fixed/random‐effects model. For each outcome variable, subgroup analysis between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus was performed.ResultsWe included five RCTs; three of type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 1963) and two of type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 1780). All had low risk of bias. Faster aspart was associated with small but significant improvement in HbA1c than insulin aspart (MD: −0.06%, 95% CI: −0.10, −0.02, p = 0.005, I2 = 19%). HbA1c reduction was statistically significant only in type 1 diabetes mellitus on subgroup analysis (MD: −0.08%, 95% CI: −0.14, −0.02, p = 0.005, I2 = 47%). Besides, faster aspart was associated with reduced postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) increment at 1 h/2 h after meal test and increased 1,5‐anhydroglucitol compared to insulin aspart. Early postprandial hypoglycaemic episodes were higher with faster aspart; however, overall and nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes were not different from insulin aspart.ConclusionsFaster aspart is associated with reduced HbA1c, PPG increment and comparable overall hypoglycaemic episodes with regard to insulin aspart.
Governing through non‐enforcement: Regulatory forbearance as industrial policy in advanced economies
Authors: Dewey Matías , Di Carlo Donato 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPolitical economy scholarship generally assumes that governments are interested in enforcing economic regulations. Cases of non‐enforcement are predominantly studied in the context of developing countries and are chiefly associated with states' deficient institutional capacity. This article casts doubts on these assumptions by showing how governments in advanced democracies manipulate the regulatory regime and generate selective non‐enforcement of economic regulations to shape markets at their discretion. We argue that regulatory forbearance becomes an attractive form of industrial policy when governments are prevented from intervening discretionally in markets due to legal obstacles, which they cannot overcome; or when the productive structure of the country makes alternative forms of intervention unviable. Drawing on the study of tax non‐enforcement in two most‐different cases of strong and weak state capacity such as Germany and Italy, the article theorizes three techniques through which governments manipulate regulatory regimes: legal and organizational sabotage and shirking. By shedding light on the economic logic of forbearance, the article points at non‐enforcement as an overlooked mode of regulatory governance and suggests the need to inquire further into governments' strategic agency behind regulatory regimes.
Foreword
Authors: Grayling A.C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe landscape for considerations about nations, nationality, and ethnicity is a confusing one. It cannot be mapped without the kind of engagement exemplified by the papers presented in this Special Issue: examination of specific matters and illumination of the individual jigsaw puzzle pieces out of which the bigger and far more complicated picture will develop. Particularity produces clarity, and it is only through careful examination of each piece in the puzzle, one by one, that it becomes possible to discern the true contours of these concepts.
Men in Women’s Clothes
Authors: Jones Ward E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe descriptive phrase that comprises my title can refer both to a pervasive comic trope and a mode of self‐expression. There is a tension here, insofar as the comic trope leads us not to take cross‐dressing, or drag, seriously. The first half of the comic film Some Like It Hot (1959), with its cross‐gender plot and its (sophisticated but) straightforward use of the comic trope of men‐in‐women’s clothes, appears to fall foul of this tension and to be susceptible to criticism in this regard. However, the film rectifies itself, portraying the cross‐dressing relationship which develops through the second half of the film as a potentially meaningful one for both partners. In this article, I interpret the film as inviting its viewers to adopt a (particular kind of) skeptical ironic (that is, Pyrrhonian) attitude toward gender‐presentation practices. While the film in no way attempts to discourage us from participating in such practices, it does invite us—through our partiality toward the characters Osgood and Jerry/Daphne, as we follow their budding, transgressive relationship—to acknowledge that a violation of gender‐presentation practices can be a meaningful feature of sincere relationships.
The effect of a video‐supported assessment to increase the accuracy of self‐reported physical activity
Authors: Ullrich Antje , Voigt Lisa , Siewert‐Markus Ulrike , Meyer Christian , Dörr Marcus , Ulbricht Sabina 
Published: January 2021

Self‐reported physical activity differs from activity levels measured by device. We tested the effect of a video that visualizes the intensity levels of physical activity to increase the agreement between self‐reported and accelerometer‐based moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within a single‐blinded, randomized study. Participants (N = 378, 40‐75 years) wore an accelerometer for seven days. Prior to the collection of self‐reported data by the IPAQ‐SF, participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a control group (CG) or a video group (VG). The outcome was the absolute difference between self‐reported and accelerometer‐based time spent in MVPA (Δ MVPAIPAQ−Accelerometry). To examine the agreement, we used Spearman correlation coefficients and Bland‐Altman analysis. To test the video effect, we used Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, Bayes factor, and simultaneous‐quantile regression. In total, 302 participants fulfilled the accelerometer wear time criteria (≥10 hours/day; ≥6 days) and completed self‐reports within three days after the wearing period. The median of Δ MVPAIPAQ−Accelerometry was −9.0 min/day (IQR: −32.0 to 66.6) for CG and −11.5 min/day (IQR: −29.9 to 14.3) for VG. Wilcoxon signed‐rank test revealed no differences in Δ MVPAIPAQ−Accelerometry between study groups whereas Bayes factor indicated insensitivity of the data. Simultaneous‐quantile regression revealed no relationship between video presentation and Δ MVPAIPAQ−Accelerometry in the 25th percentile. In the 50th (b = −12.4 [95% CI = −23.2 to −1.5] and 75th percentile (b = −45.7 [95% CI = −70.5 to −20.9]), Δ MVPAIPAQ−Accelerometry was negatively associated with video presentation. To conclude, video‐supported assessment may increase the accuracy of self‐reported MVPA among individuals who slightly underestimated and those who overestimated their MVPA.
A Further Investigation on the Application of Critical Pore Size as an Approach for Reservoir Rock Typing
Authors: Faramarzi-Palangar Mohsen , Sedaee Behnam , Emami Niri Mohammad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The correct definition of rock types plays a critical role in reservoir characterization, simulation, and field development planning. In this study, we use the critical pore size (linf) as an approach for reservoir rock typing. Two linf relations were separately derived based on two permeability prediction models and then merged together to drive a generalized linf relation. The proposed rock typing methodology includes two main parts: in the first part, we determine an appropriate constant coefficient, and in the second part, we perform reservoir rock typing based on two different scenarios. The first scenario is based on the forming groups of rocks using statistical analysis, and the second scenario is based on the forming groups of rocks with similar capillary pressure curves. This approach was applied to three data sets. In detail, two data sets were used to determine the constant coefficient, and one data set was used to show the applicability of the linf method in comparison with FZI for rock typing.
Noor hard red spring wheat
Authors: Iqbal M. , Spaner D. , Strenzke K. , Ciechanowska I. , Beres B. 
Published: January 2021

Noor hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed using a modified bulk breeding method at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada. Noor is an apically awnletted, hollow-stemmed line with a combination of high yield potential, good lodging tolerance, and medium maturity. During the three years (2016–2018) of evaluation in the Parkland Wheat Cooperative test, Noor yielded 12% higher than the mean of all the checks and matured similarly to Carberry and Glenn, but 3.1 and 2.6 d later than AC Splendor and Parata, respectively. Noor was 94.9 cm tall, shorter than AC Splendor (98.4 cm), similar in height to Glenn (94.0 cm) and Parata (93.5 cm), but taller than Carberry (86.0 cm). The lodging score of Noor (2.1) was lower than Parata (3.0) and AC Splendor (3.0), but similar to Carberry (2.3) and Glenn (2.1). The test weight (kg·hL−1) of Noor (80.0) was higher than AC Splendor (78.6), similar to Carberry (80.2) and Parata (80.4), but lower than Glenn (82.2). Grain weight (35 g) and NIR protein of Noor (14.1%) was lower than all the checks. Overall, Noor was rated resistant (R) to the prevalent races of leaf, stem, and stripe rusts during the three years of testing. Noor was rated intermediate (I) to common bunt and Fusarium head blight. Three years of end-use quality evaluation indicated that Noor is acceptable for the Canada Western Red Spring class, with fewer flags.