bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Self-Selected Passive Recovery Time in Interval Exercise on Perceptual and Heart Rate Responses in Older Women: A Promissory Approach
Authors: Santos Lucas Eduardo Rodrigues , Costa André dos Santos , Costa Eduardo Caldas , Damasceno Vinicius Oliveira , Chen Zhaojing , de Oliveira Izaildo Alves , Dames Karla Kristine , Pires Flávio Oliveira , Santos Tony Meireles 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of passive recovery with self-selected time on affect, ratings of perceived exertion, and heart rate in self-selected interval exercises (SSIE). Fifteen older women (68.1 ± 3.8 years), weekly practitioners of functional activities participated in three SSIE with self-selected recovery time (SSRT) and one self-selected continuous exercise session, all at 24 min approximately. The SSIE had the following configurations: 1′/SSRT, 1.5′/SSRT, and 2′/SSRT. The results showed that at the beginning of stimulus heart rate in 1.5′/SSRT (107.9 ± 16.5) and 2′/SSRT (114.6 ± 17.1) were significantly greater (p < .05) compared with self-selected continuous exercise (102.8 ± 14.5). The ratings of perceived exertion in self-selected continuous exercise (2.4 ± 0.4; p < .05) were higher compared with SSIE in recovery. No significant differences were found in affect. The SSIE provided similar responses based on recoveries manipulations.
Mortality and significant neurosensory impairment in preterm infants: an international comparison
Authors: Chevallier Marie , Debillon Thierry , Darlow Brian A , Synnes Anne R , Pierrat Véronique , Hurrion Elizabeth , Yang Junmin , Ego Anne , Ancel Pierre Yves , Lui Kei , Shah Prakeshkumar S , Luu Thuy Mai ,   Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN),   Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN),   Canadian Neonatal Follow-Up Network (CNFUN)
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo compare mortality and rates of significant neurosensory impairment (sNSI) at 18–36 months’ corrected age in infants born extremely preterm across three international cohorts.DesignRetrospective analysis of prospectively collected neonatal and follow-up data.SettingThree population-based observational cohort studies: the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN), the Canadian Neonatal and Follow-up Networks (CNN/CNFUN) and the French cohort Etude (Epidémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels: EPIPAGE-2).PatientsExtremely preterm neonates of <28 weeks’ gestation in year 2011.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome was composite of mortality or sNSI defined by cerebral palsy with no independent walking, disabling hearing loss and bilateral blindness.ResultsOverall, 3055 infants (ANZNN n=960, CNN/CNFUN n=1019, EPIPAGE-2 n=1076) were included in the study. Primary composite outcome rates were 21.3%, 20.6% and 28.4%; mortality rates were 18.7%, 17.4% and 26.3%; and rates of sNSI among survivors were 4.3%, 5.3% and 3.3% for ANZNN, CNN/CNFUN and EPIPAGE-2, respectively. Adjusted for gestational age and multiple births, EPIPAGE-2 had higher odds of composite outcome compared with ANZNN (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.13) and CNN/CNFUN (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.12). EPIPAGE-2 did have a trend of lower odds of sNDI but far short of compensating for the significant increase in mortality odds. These differences may be related to variations in perinatal approach and practices (and not to differences in infants’ baseline characteristics).ConclusionsComposite outcome of mortality or sNSI for extremely preterm infants differed across high-income countries with similar baseline characteristics and access to healthcare.
CYP1B1andMYOCvariants in neonatal-onset versus infantile-onset primary congenital glaucoma
Authors: Kaushik Sushmita , Luthra-Guptasarma Manni , Prasher Dimple , Dhingra Deepika , Singh Nirbhai , Kumar Aman , Sharma Surya Prakash , Kaur Harpreet , Snehi Sagarika , Thattaruthody Faisal , Pandav Surinder Singh 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo compareCYP1B1andMYOCvariants in a cohort of neonatal-onset (NO) and infantile-onset (IO) primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).MethodsThis prospective observational study included 43 infants with PCG (14 NO and 29 IO) presenting between January 2017 and January 2019 with a minimum 1-year follow-up.CYP1B1andMYOCgenes were screened using Sanger sequencing with in-silico analysis of the variants using Polymorphism Phenotyping v.2 and Protein Variation Effect Analyser platforms. Allelic frequency was estimated using Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAd). Disease presentation and outcome were correlated to the genetic variants in both groups.ResultsBabies withCYP1B1mutations had more severe disease at presentation and worse outcomes. Six of 14 (42.8%) NO glaucoma and 5 of 29 (17.2%) IO harbouredCYP1B1mutations. Five of six babies in the NO group and three of five in the IO group harboured the variant c.1169G>A, [p.R390H]. They required more surgeries and had a poorer outcome. On in-silico analysis c.1169G>A, [p.R390H] scored very likely pathogenic. Two patients in the IO group who had the c.1294C>G, [p.L432V] variant had a good outcome. Five of 14 NO-PCG and 8 of 29 IO-PCG harboured the variant c.227G>A, [p.R76K] in theMYOCgene, which was scored benign by in-silico analysis, and was also found in 2 of 15 normal controls.ConclusionsPatients withCYP1B1pathogenic variants had a poorer outcome than those without. We found more NO PCG babies withCYP1B1mutations compared with IO PCG. This may be one of the reasons for NO PCG having a poorer prognosis compared with IO PCG.
Derivation of the Buffalo Concussion Physical Examination risk of delayed recovery (RDR) score to identify children at risk for persistent postconcussive symptoms
Authors: Haider Mohammad Nadir , Cunningham Adam , Darling Scott , Suffoletto Heidi N , Freitas Michael S , Jain Rajiv K , Willer Barry , Leddy John J 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveThe Buffalo Concussion Physical Examination (BCPE) is a brief, but pertinent physical examination designed for the subacute, outpatient assessment of concussion. The purpose of this study was to perform the BCPE on a larger sample and derive a scoring system to identify children at risk for Persistent Post-Concussive Symptoms (PPCS, recovery ≥30 days).MethodsThis prospective, observational cohort study from September 2016 to March 2019 was performed at three university-affiliated concussion clinics. Male and female children (n=270, 14.92±1.86 years, range 8–18, 38% female) were diagnosed with a concussion within 14 days of injury and followed-up until recovery. Logistic regression was used with history and physical examination variables to predict PPCS and a weighted scoring metric was derived.ResultsOut of 15 predictor variables, the main effects of 1 preinjury variable (≥3 previous concussions), 2 injury characteristic variables (days-since-injury and type-of-injury), 3 physical examination variables (orthostatic intolerance (OI), vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and tandem gait) and 2 interaction terms (OI/VOR and tandem gait/type-of-injury) produced a score that was 85% accurate for identifying children with low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk for PPCS on cross-validation.ConclusionThe Risk for Delayed Recovery (RDR)-Score allows physicians in an outpatient setting to more accurately predict which children are at greater risk for PPCS early after their injury, and who would benefit most from targeted therapies. The RDR-Score is intended to be used as part of a comprehensive assessment that should include validated symptom checklists, mental health history and adjunct testing (eg, cognitive or physical exertion) where clinically indicated.
Evaluating agreement between bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition research: meta-epidemiological study
Authors: Schwingshackl Lukas , Balduzzi Sara , Beyerbach Jessica , Bröckelmann Nils , Werner Sarah S , Zähringer Jasmin , Nagavci Blin , Meerpohl Joerg J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the agreement between diet-disease effect estimates of bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and those from cohort studies in nutrition research, and to investigate potential factors for disagreement.

Design
Meta-epidemiological study.

Data sources
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Medline.

Review methods

Population, intervention or exposure, comparator, outcome (PI/ECO) elements from a body of evidence from cohort studies (BoE(CS)) were matched with corresponding elements of a body of evidence from randomised controlled trials (BoE(RCT)). Pooled ratio of risk ratios or difference of mean differences across all diet-disease outcome pairs were calculated. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore factors for disagreement. Heterogeneity was assessed through I
2
and τ
2
. Prediction intervals were calculated to assess the range of possible values for the difference in the results between evidence from randomised controlled trials and evidence from cohort studies in future comparisons.

Results

97 diet-disease outcome pairs (that is, matched BoE(RCT) and BoE(CS)) were identified overall. For binary outcomes, the pooled ratio of risk ratios comparing estimates from BoE(RCT) with BoE(CS) was 1.09 (95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.14; I
2
=68%; τ
2
=0.021; 95% prediction interval 0.81 to 1.46). The prediction interval indicated that the difference could be much more substantial, in either direction. We further explored heterogeneity and found that PI/ECO dissimilarities, especially for the comparisons of dietary supplements in randomised controlled trials and nutrient status in cohort studies, explained most of the differences. When the type of intake or exposure between both types of evidence was identical, the estimates were similar. For continuous outcomes, small differences were observed between randomised controlled trials and cohort studies.

Conclusion
On average, the difference in pooled results between estimates from BoE(RCT) and BoE(CS) was small. But wide prediction intervals and some substantial statistical heterogeneity in cohort studies indicate that important differences or potential bias in individual comparisons or studies cannot be excluded. Observed differences were mainly driven by dissimilarities in population, intervention or exposure, comparator, and outcome. These findings could help researchers further understand the integration of such evidence into prospective nutrition evidence syntheses and improve evidence based dietary guidelines.
Residual C-peptide secretion and hypoglycemia awareness in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Wellens Martine J , Vollenbrock Charlotte E , Dekker Pim , Boesten Lianne S M , Geelhoed-Duijvestijn Petronella H , de Vries-Velraeds Martine M C , Nefs Giesje , Wolffenbuttel Bruce H R , Aanstoot Henk-Jan , van Dijk Peter R 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the association between fasting serum C-peptide levels and the presence of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in people with type 1 diabetes.Research design and methodsWe performed a cross-sectional study among 509 individuals with type 1 diabetes (diabetes duration 5–65 years). Extensive clinical data and fasting serum C-peptide concentrations were collected and related to the presence or absence of IAH, which was evaluated using the validated Dutch version of the Clarke questionnaire. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to investigate the association of C-peptide and other clinical variables with IAH.ResultsIn 129 (25%) individuals, residual C-peptide secretion was detected, while 75 (15%) individuals reported IAH. The median (IQR) C-peptide concentration among all participants was 0.0 (0.0–3.9) pmol/L. The prevalence of severe hypoglycemia was lower in people with demonstrable C-peptide versus those with absent C-peptide (30% vs 41%, p=0.025). Individuals with IAH were older, had longer diabetes duration, more frequently had macrovascular and microvascular complications, and more often used antihypertensive drugs, antiplatelet agents and cholesterol-lowering medication. There was a strong association between IAH and having a severe hypoglycemia in the preceding year. In multivariable regression analysis, residual C-peptide, either continuously or dichotomous, was associated with lower prevalence of IAH (p=0.040–0.042), while age at diabetes onset (p=0.001), presence of microvascular complications (p=0.003) and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.003) were also independently associated with the presence of IAH.ConclusionsHigher BMI, the presence of microvascular complications and higher age at diabetes onset were independent risk factors for IAH in people with type 1 diabetes, while residual C-peptide secretion was associated with lower risk of this complication.
Prognostic impact of cardiac surgery in left-sided infective endocarditis according to risk profile
Authors: Garcia Granja Pablo Elpidio , Lopez Javier , Vilacosta Isidre , Saéz Carmen , Cabezón Gonzalo , Olmos Carmen , Jerónimo Adrián , Pérez Javier B , De Stefano Salvatore , Maroto Luis , Carnero Manuel , Monguio Emilio , Pulido Paloma , de Miguel María , Gomez Salvador Itziar , Carrasco-Moraleja Manuel , San Román J Alberto 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic impact of urgent cardiac surgery on the prognosis of left-sided infective endocarditis (LSIE) and its relationship to the basal risk of the patient and to the surgical indication.Methods605 patients with LSIE and formal surgical indication were consecutively recruited between 2000 and 2020 among three tertiary centres: 405 underwent surgery during the active phase of the disease and 200 did not despite having indication. The prognostic impact of urgent surgery was evaluated by multivariable analysis and propensity score analysis. We studied the benefit of surgery according to baseline mortality risk defined by the ENDOVAL score and according to surgical indication.ResultsSurgery is an independent predictor of survival in LSIE with surgical indication both by multivariable analysis (OR 0.260, 95% CI 0.162 to 0.416) and propensity score (mortality 40% vs 66%, p<0.001). Its greatest prognostic benefit is seen in patients at highest risk (predicted mortality 80%–100%: OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.021 to 0.299). The benefit of surgery is especially remarkable for uncontrolled infection indication (OR 0.385, 95% CI 0.194 to 0.765), even in combination with heart failure (OR 0.220, 95% CI 0.077 to 0.632).ConclusionsSurgery during active LSIE seems to significantly reduce in-hospital mortality. The higher the risk, the higher the improvement in outcome.
Early percutaneous mitral commissurotomy or conventional management for asymptomatic mitral stenosis: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kang Duk-Hyun , Park Sung-Ji , Lee Seung-Ah , Lee Sahmin , Kim Dae-Hee , Park Duk-Woo , Yun Sung-Cheol , Hong Geu-Ru , Song Jong-Min , Hong Myeong-Ki , Park Seung Woo , Park Seung-Jung 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveThe decision to perform percutaneous mitral commissurotomy (PMC) on asymptomatic patients requires careful weighing of the potential benefits against the risks of PMC, and we conducted a multicentre, randomised trial to compare long-term outcomes of early PMC and conventional treatment in asymptomatic, severe mitral stenosis (MS).MethodsWe randomly assigned asymptomatic patients with severe MS (defined as mitral valve area between 1.0 and 1.5 cm2) to early PMC (84 patients) or to conventional treatment (83 patients). The primary endpoint was a composite of major cardiovascular events, including PMC-related complications, cardiovascular mortality, cerebral infarction and systemic thromboembolic events. The secondary endpoints were death from any cause and mitral valve (MV) replacement during follow-up.ResultsIn the early PMC group, there were no PMC-related complications. During the median follow-up of 6.4 years, the composite primary endpoint occurred in seven patients in the early PMC group (8.3%) and in nine patients in the conventional treatment group (10.8%) (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.29 to 2.07; p=0.61). Death from any cause occurred in four patients in the early PMC group (4.8%) and three patients in the conventional treatment group (3.6%) (HR 1.30; 95% CI 0.29 to 5.77). Ten patients (11.9%) in the early PMC group and 17 patients (20.5%) in the conventional treatment group underwent MV replacement (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.27 to 1.29).ConclusionsCompared with conventional treatment, early PMC did not significantly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events among asymptomatic patients with severe MS during the median follow-up of 6 years.Trial registration numberNCT01406353.
Prediction of dementia using diffusion tensor MRI measures: the OPTIMAL collaboration
Authors: Egle Marco , Hilal Saima , Tuladhar A M , Pirpamer Lukas , Hofer Edith , Duering Marco , Wason James , Morris Robin G , Dichgans Martin , Schmidt Reinhold , Tozer Daniel , Chen Christopher , de Leeuw Frank-Erik , Markus Hugh S 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesIt has been suggested that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures sensitive to white matter (WM) damage may predict future dementia risk not only in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), but also in mild cognitive impairment. To determine whether DTI measures were associated with cognition cross-sectionally and predicted future dementia risk across the full range of SVD severity, we established the International OPtimising mulTImodal MRI markers for use as surrogate markers in trials of Vascular Cognitive Impairment due to cerebrAl small vesseL disease collaboration which included six cohorts.MethodsAmong the six cohorts, prospective data with dementia incidences were available for three cohorts. The associations between six different DTI measures and cognition or dementia conversion were tested. The additional contribution to prediction of other MRI markers of SVD was also determined.ResultsThe DTI measure mean diffusivity (MD) median correlated with cognition in all cohorts, demonstrating the contribution of WM damage to cognition. Adding MD median significantly improved the model fit compared to the clinical risk model alone and further increased in all single-centre SVD cohorts when adding conventional MRI measures. Baseline MD median predicted dementia conversion. In a study with severe SVD (SCANS) change in MD median also predicted dementia conversion. The area under the curve was best when employing a multimodal MRI model using both DTI measures and other MRI measures.ConclusionsOur results support a central role for WM alterations in dementia pathogenesis in all cohorts. DTI measures such as MD median may be a useful clinical risk predictor. The contribution of other MRI markers varied according to disease severity.
Infection hospitalisation in systemic lupus in Sweden
Authors: Simard Julia F , Rossides Marios , Gunnarsson Iva , Svenungsson Elisabet , Arkema Elizabeth V 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveImmune dysregulation in SLE and the corresponding immune-modulating and immunosuppressive nature of the treatments may play key roles in infection risk. We compared serious infection rates among individuals with incident SLE with the general population, and examined the role of treatment initiation in SLE.MethodsNewly diagnosed patients with SLE (2006–2013) and general population comparators from the Swedish Lupus Linkage cohort were followed for serious infection through 2016. Adjusted Cox and frailty models estimated the relative risk of first and recurrent infections, respectively. Using a new-user design, rates of serious infections were compared between disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) initiators. We then evaluated three DMARDs (azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil and methotrexate) in multivariable-adjusted models.ResultsIndividuals with SLE experienced more infections (22% vs 6%), especially during the first year of follow-up, and recurrent serious infections were also more common (HR=2.22, 95% CI 1.93 to 2.56). DMARDs were associated with a higher rate of serious infection versus HCQ (HR=1.82, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.60), which attenuated after multivariable-adjustment (HR=1.30, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.95). Among DMARDs, azathioprine was associated with infection (HR=2.19, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.21) and mycophenolate mofetil yielded an HR=1.39 (95% CI 0.65 to 2.96) in multivariable-adjusted models compared with methotrexate. Results were comparable across numerous sensitivity analyses.ConclusionIndividuals with incident SLE were 2–4 times more likely to be hospitalised for infection and experienced more recurrent infections than the general population. Among DMARD initiators, azathioprine was associated with the highest rate.
Digital bioethics: introducing new methods for the study of bioethical issues
Authors: Schneider Manuel , Vayena Effy , Blasimme Alessandro 
Published: September 2021

The online space has become a digital public square, where individuals interact and share ideas on the most trivial to the most serious of matters, including discussions of controversial ethical issues in science, technology and medicine. In the last decade, new disciplines like computational social science and social data science have created methods to collect and analyse such data that have considerably expanded the scope of social science research. Empirical bioethics can benefit from the integration of such digital methods to investigate novel digital phenomena and trace how bioethical issues take shape online.Here, using concrete examples, we demonstrate how novel methods based on digital approaches in the social sciences can be used effectively in the domain of bioethics. We show that a digital turn in bioethics research aligns with the established aims of empirical bioethics, integrating with normative analysis and expanding the scope of the discipline, thus offering ways to reinforce the capacity of bioethics to tackle the increasing complexity of present-day ethical issues in science and technology. We propose to call this domain of research in bioethicsdigital bioethics.
Cancer incidence in World Trade Center-exposed and non-exposed male firefighters, as compared with the US adult male population: 2001–2016
Authors: Webber Mayris P , Singh Ankura , Zeig-Owens Rachel , Salako Joke , Skerker Molly , Hall Charles B , Goldfarb David G , Jaber Nadia , Daniels Robert D , Prezant David J 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo compare cancer incidence in Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters who worked at the World Trade Center (WTC) site to incidence in a population of non-WTC-exposed firefighters, the Career Firefighter Health Study (CFHS) cohort, and to compare rates from each firefighter cohort to rates in demographically similar US males.MethodsFDNY (N=10 786) and CFHS (N=8813) cohorts included male firefighters who were active on 11 September 2001 (9/11) and were followed until death or 31 December 2016. Cases were identified from 15 state cancer registries. Poisson regression models assessed cancers in each group (FDNY and CFHS) versus US males, and associations between group and cancer rates; these models estimated standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and adjusted relative rates (RRs), respectively. Secondary analyses assessed surveillance bias and smoking history.ResultsWe identified 915 cancer cases in 841 FDNY firefighters and 1002 cases in 909 CFHS firefighters. FDNY had: higher rates for all cancers (RR=1.13; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.25), prostate (RR=1.39; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.63) and thyroid cancer (RR=2.53; 95% CI 1.37 to 4.70); younger median ages at diagnosis (55.6 vs 59.4; p<0.001, all cancers); and more cases with localised disease when compared with CFHS. Compared with US males, both firefighter cohorts had elevated SIRs for prostate cancer and melanoma. Control for surveillance bias in FDNY reduced most differences.ConclusionsExcess cancers occurred in WTC-exposed firefighters relative to each comparison group, which may partially be explained by heightened surveillance. Two decades post-9/11, clearer understanding of WTC-related risk requires extended follow-up and modelling studies (laboratory or animal based) to identify workplace exposures in all firefighters.