bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nonrandomised pilot study to examine the feasibility and acceptability of reflexology in patients undergoing hospital‐based haemodialysis (solitude study)
Authors: Matthews Michael , Carswell Claire , Redmond Avril , Bolton Stephanie , Murphy Kim , Mullan Robert , McAneney Helen , McKeaveney Clare , Noble Helen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with end‐stage kidney disease, receiving haemodialysis can experience complications—hypotension, headache, muscle cramp, chest pain, nausea and vomiting. Patients who experience all or some of these symptoms will often report reduced health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and poor sleep quality, which may lead to increased morbidity and mortality.ObjectiveThe objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility of a larger randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of foot reflexology on a cohort of patients undergoing hospital‐based haemodialysis.DesignA nonrandomised pilot study using a multimethod approach.ParticipantsTwenty patients undergoing hospital‐based haemodialysis treatment.MeasurementsHRQOL and quality of sleep were measured using the SF‐12 Health Survey and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Semi‐structured interviews were completed with 10 patients, exploring their experiences, opinions and perceptions of the intervention.ResultsThere was an increase in the mean scores examining the total physical health and mental health components of the SF‐12. All corresponding p values were statistically significant following the intervention. The mean total sleep score postintervention signified positive changes in sleep quality, with the corresponding p values being statistically significant. The study established the feasibility of the intervention and the benefits for patients undergoing haemodialysis.ConclusionThis pilot study demonstrated the possibility of recruiting and retaining patients undergoing haemodialysis to a reflexology study. The study did not impact the haemodialysis routine and was positively received. The intervention showed statistically significant improvements in patients' HRQOL and sleep quality.
Potential Utility of School‐Based Telehealth in the Era of COVID‐19
Authors: Williams Stormee , Xie Luyu , Hill Kristina , Mathew Matthew Sunil , Perry Tamara , Wesley Danielle , Messiah Sarah E. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe COVID‐19 pandemic presents unique opportunities for preexisting school telemedicine programs to reach pediatric populations that might otherwise experience a lapse in health care services.METHODSA retrospective analysis of one of the largest school‐based telemedicine programs in the country, based in the Dallas‐Fort Worth (DFW), Texas was conducted that included 7021 pediatric patients who engaged in telehealth visits from 2014 to 2019.RESULTSAsthma or other respiratory disease was the primary diagnosis (28.4%), followed by injury or trauma (18.4%), digestive disorders (6.9%), and ear/eye/skin disease (6.9%). More participants were from the North (34.4%) and West (33.2%) ISD compared to the South (20.6%) and East (11.7%) schools. Likewise, the majority of COVID‐19 cases were in the North (61.8%) and West (31.6%) DFW regions, leading to 989 (59.9%) and 551 (33.4%) deaths, respectively.CONCLUSIONSSchool‐based telehealth programs have the potential to reach large pediatric populations most in need of health care due to COVID‐19‐related lapses in services, and to address COVID‐19‐related health issues as schools reopen. In the future, utilization could be expanded to contact tracing, testing, and screening for COVID‐19.
Cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid in elderly rheumatoid arthritis patients in a population‐based cross‐sectional study: RANTES was associated with periodontitis
Authors: Söderlin Maria K. , Persson Gösta Rutger , Renvert Stefan , Sanmartin Berglund Johan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe studied cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in a cross‐sectional population‐based cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients ≥61 years of age with and without a diagnosis of periodontitis.Background dataEarlier studies on cytokines in GCF in RA patients have not given clear results.MethodsIn a population‐based cross‐sectional study of patients ≥61 years of age, 233 RA patients were identified. 132 (57%) dentate RA patients participated. All participants received rheumatological and dental examinations, and had a panoramic radiograph taken. GCF was sampled on each patient. Interleukins 1‐β (IL‐1β), IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐17A, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), and chemokines RANTES/CCL5, eotaxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP‐1) were analyzed in GCF. These cytokines were stratified for periodontitis, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and anti‐cyclic citrullinated protein (anti‐CCP) status. Binary logistic regression analyses with periodontitis as outcome were performed adjusting for the above mentioned confounding factors including anti‐rheumatic medication, disease duration and the cytokine in question.ResultsPeriodontitis was diagnosed in 80/132 (61%) of study participants. The 110 RA patients not participating were older, had a higher mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), had a higher mean DAS28ESR (Disease Activity Score 28 using ESR) and were less often on biologic treatment. Only RANTES was associated with periodontitis (p = .049, OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.002) in the binary logistic regression analyses.ConclusionIn this population‐based elderly RA cohort, neither pro‐inflammatory nor anti‐inflammatory cytokines in GCF were clearly associated with a diagnosis of periodontitis.
Psychological factors among Appalachian women with abnormal Pap results
Authors: Adegboyega Adebola , Dignan Mark , Sha Shuying , Nkwonta Chigozie , Williams Lovoria B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeWomen who receive an abnormal Pap result may experience negative psychological factors. The purpose of this study is to assess the baseline occurrence of negative psychological factors and evaluate the relationships between psychological factors and demographic characteristics among Appalachian women who received abnormal Pap results.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from Appalachia Kentucky women (N = 521) ages ≥18 enrolled in an intervention. Data included sociodemographics, Beck depression and anxiety inventories, fatalism, and personal control measures. Multiple variable logistic regression was used to investigate the association between demographics and psychological factors.FindingsParticipants were predominantly White (96.2%), with mean age 28.93 ± 11.03 years, and the majority (77%) had yearly income below $20,000. Depression was reported by 34.6% (n = 173); 10% (n = 50) experienced moderate or severe anxiety; 20.6% (n = 107) had fatalistic beliefs; and 55.1% (n = 289) believed they lacked personal control over cancer. Women with lower income had higher occurrence of depression (P = .003). Women with moderate to severe anxiety were significantly older than those with low to moderate depression (34.44 vs 28.34, P < .001). Controlling for other variables, as age increased, the odds of fatalistic beliefs increased, OR (95%) = 1.042 (1.022, 1.062). When education level increased, the odds of fatalistic beliefs decreased, OR (95%) = 0.873 (0.800, 0.952).ConclusionsGiven the high occurrence of depression, anxiety, and fatalistic beliefs among this population, health care providers should assess for underlying mental health diagnoses and psychological distress during each patient encounter and provide recommendations to address them.
COVID‐19 lockdown and poor sleep quality: Not the whole story
Authors: Alfonsi Valentina , Gorgoni Maurizio , Scarpelli Serena , Zivi Pierpaolo , Sdoia Stefano , Mari Emanuela , Fraschetti Angelo , Ferlazzo Fabio , Giannini Anna Maria , De Gennaro Luigi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA growing body of evidence consistently describes the side‐effects of coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown on mental health and sleep quality. We conducted a longitudinal web‐based survey of 217 Italian participants at two time points: lockdown and subsequent follow‐up. To thoroughly investigate lockdown‐related changes in sleep quality, we first evaluated variations in overall sleep quality assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We then examined sleep changes in specific components of sleep quality. Results revealed a clear dissociation of sleep effects, as a function of the specific domain considered, with longer sleep latency, worse sleep efficiency, and massive sleep medication use during forced confinement. On the other hand, we simultaneously observed an increased sleep duration and better daytime functioning. Our present findings highlight the importance of an accurate examination of sleep quality during lockdown, as the effects were not uniform across populations and different sleep domains.
The social environment and childhood obesity: Implications for research and practice in the United States and countries in Latin America
Authors: Ayala Guadalupe X. , Monge‐Rojas Rafael , King Abby C. , Hunter Ruth , Berge Jerica M. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe environments of children influence their risk for childhood obesity through, among other factors, a child's weight‐related behaviors (i.e., diet and physical activity). In this article, we present evidence on social environmental factors associated with a child's diet and physical activity, and more generally, the prevention and control of childhood obesity among Hispanic/Latinx children in the United States and children from countries in Latin America. Using a socio‐ecologic lens, we present evidence from cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies conducted in the United States involving Hispanic/Latinx children, and evidence from studies involving children in Latin America. Studies examining parenting factors in the home environment (e.g., parenting strategies) are especially emphasized, with more limited evidence on social environmental factors in other lived contexts (e.g., school). The influence of acculturation on social relationships cuts across levels of the socio‐ecological framework. Intervention research identified strategies and research gaps for intervening on social factors to promote healthy behaviors and reduce risk for childhood obesity. Community health workers and others forms of peer support were identified as relevant approaches at multiple levels of the socio‐ecological framework. This article concludes with directions for future research to further understand the environment using newer information and communication technologies.
Axial length targets for myopia control
Authors: Chamberlain Paul , Lazon de la Jara Percy , Arumugam Baskar , Bullimore Mark A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeBoth emmetropic and myopic eyes elongate throughout childhood. The goals of this study were to compare axial elongation among untreated progressing myopes, progressing myopes treated with a myopia control contact lens and emmetropes, in order to place axial elongation in the context of normal eye growth in emmetropic children, and to consider whether normal physiological eye growth places limits on what might be achieved with myopia control.MethodsAxial elongation data were taken from the 3‐year randomised clinical trial of a myopia control dual‐focus (MiSight® 1 day) contact lens. These were compared with data for myopic and emmetropic children in two large cohort studies: the Orinda Longitudinal Study of Myopia (OLSM) and the Singapore Cohort Study of the Risk Factors for Myopia (SCORM). Each study's published equations were used to calculate annual axial elongation. Four virtual cohorts—myopic and emmetropic for each model—were created, each with the same age distribution as the MiSight clinical trial subjects and the predicted cumulative elongation calculated at years 1, 2 and 3 for myopes and emmetropes using both the OLSM and SCORM models.ResultsThe untreated control myopes in the MiSight clinical trial showed mean axial elongation over 3 years (0.62 mm) similar to the virtual cohorts based on the OLSM (0.70 mm) and SCORM (0.65 mm) models. The predicted 3‐year axial elongation for the virtual cohorts of emmetropes was 0.24 mm for both the OLSM and SCORM models—similar to the mean 3‐year elongation in MiSight‐treated myopes (0.30 mm).ConclusionsThe 3‐year elongation in MiSight‐treated myopes approached that of virtual cohorts of emmetropes with the same age distribution. It is hypothesised that myopic axial elongation is superimposed on an underlying physiological axial elongation observed in emmetropic eyes, which reflects increases in body stature. We speculate that optically based myopia control treatments may minimise the myopic axial elongation but retain the underlying physiological elongation observed in emmetropic eyes.
Osteosarcoma in One of Identical Twins: Three Cases Report and a Literature Review
Authors: Zhao Jie , Wang Wei , Liu Zhiyong , Li Xiao , Cai Qiqing , Yu Xiuchun 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor occurring mainly in children and young adults. OS is usually seen in sporadic cases, and it is an extremely rare phenomenon in blood relatives, particularly among identical twins.Case PresentationThe present study reports three cases of OS occurring in only one of identical twins. The first case is a high‐grade OS in the left proximal tibia of a 16‐year‐old girl, treated with neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy, en bloc resection, and reconstruction with a modular knee tumor prosthesis. The second one is a high‐grade OS of the left proximal tibia of a 6‐year‐old girl. The patient was treated with neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy, en bloc resection, and reconstruction with inactived autograft. The third one is a conventional OS of the right proximal tibia of a 20‐year‐old woman. She was treated with neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy, en bloc resection, and reconstruction with a custom‐made prosthesis.ConclusionsThe occurrence of OS in one of identical twins is a relatively rare event but may present the best opportunity to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis and progression of this disease in humans. A longer follow‐up period and regular imaging evaluation are needed to confirm whether the identical twin of these patients will suffer OS in the future.
Application of Enhanced Recovery after Surgical Treatment of the Occipitocervical Region
Authors: Liu Peng , Nie Hai , Wang Zhuan , Yao Bao , Li Jia‐hong , Zhou Ji 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveThe concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been proposed to provide guidance for the improved postoperative rehabilitation of patients with occipitocervical region disease (ORD).MethodsThis study retrospectively investigated 208 consecutive patients (116 men and 92 women) ranging in age from 22 to 76 years with ORD between July 2014 and June 2017 in our medical center, who were divided into three groups that received different preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management plans: traditional group (n = 73), ameliorated group (n = 70), and ERAS group (n = 65). We compiled a range of data relating to demographics and postoperative changes in hemoglobin and albumin, surgery duration, intraoperative blood loss, number of postoperative hospitalization days and expenses, readmission rates, and visual analog scale pain symptoms. Data were statistically evaluated using one‐way analysis of variance with Student–Newman–Keuls‐q post hoc tests or chi‐square tests.ResultsThere were no significant differences in terms of age (P = 0.235), gender (P = 0.691), body mass index (P = 0.723), American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (0.747), lesion character (P = 0.337) and lesion site (P = 0.957) between the three groups. Within a 6 months follow‐up period, there was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of surgery duration (P = 0.225), blood loss (P = 0.172), changes in hemoglobin (P = 0.255) and albumin (P = 0.178). However, postoperative hospitalization days (P = 0.000), postoperative costs (P = 0.019) and improvement of pain symptoms (P = 0.000) in ERAS group were significantly lower or higher than those in traditional group or ameliorated group, respectively. There were 29 (39.73%), 22 (31.43%), and 13 (20.00%), recorded cases of postoperative complications in traditional group, ameliorated group and ERAS group, respectively; complications in ERAS group were significantly lower than those in other two groups (P = 0.043). Moreover, all of the complications were mitigated effectively by the infusion of fluid, analgesia, treatment of infections, or antiemetic medications. There were 2 (2.74%), 3 (4.29%) and 2 (3.08%), recorded cases of re‐admission in traditional group, ameliorated group and ERAS group, respectively, but there were no statistically significant differences when compared across the three groups (P = 0.866).ConclusionsERAS can provide benefits when it applied to patients undergoing ORD surgery mainly in terms of reducing postoperative complications, however, ERAS does not increase the economic burden of patients or decrease the risk of readmission.
Non‐operative management of biliary complications after Liver Transplantation in pediatric patients: A 30‐year experience
Authors: Lee Andrew Y. , Lehrman Evan D. , Perito Emily R. , Kerlan Robert K. , Kohi Maureen P. , Kolli Kanti P. , Taylor Andrew G. , Ostroff James W. , Kang Sang‐Mo , Roberts John P. , Rhee Sue , Rosenthal Philip , Fidelman Nicholas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous and endoscopic therapeutic interventions for biliary strictures and leaks following LT in children.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 49 consecutive pediatric liver transplant recipients (27 girls, 22 boys, mean age at transplant 3.9 years) treated at our institution from 1989 to 2019 for biliary leak and/or biliary stricture was performed. Minimally invasive approach was considered clinically successful if it resulted in patency of the narrowed biliary segment and/or correction of the biliary leak.ResultsForty‐two patients had a stricture at the biliary anastomosis; seven had a biliary leak. After an average 13.8 years of follow‐up, long‐term clinical success with minimally invasive treatment (no surgery or re‐transplant) was achieved for 24 children (57%) with biliary stricture and 4 (57%) with biliary leaks. Eight patients required re‐transplant; however, only one was due to failure of both percutaneous and surgical management. For biliary strictures, failure of non‐surgical management was associated with younger age at stricture diagnosis (p < .02).ConclusionsPercutaneous and endoscopic management of biliary strictures and leaks after LT in children is associated with a durable result in >50% of children.
The Independent and Shared Transcriptomic Response to UVA, UVB and Oxidative Stress in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133
Authors: Soule Tanya , Ferreira Daniela , Lothamer Justin , Garcia‐Pichel Ferran 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch on the UVA, UVB and oxidative (as reactive oxygen species, ROS) stress response in cyanobacteria has typically focused on each individual stress condition, with limited studies addressing the intersection. Here, we evaluated the transcriptomic responses of the model cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme after exposure to each of these conditions. Overall, response to UVA was characterized by more gene down‐regulation than the UVB or ROS response, although UVB affected over fourfold more genes than UVA or ROS. Regarding expression patterns, responses to UVA and ROS were more similar and differentiated from those to UVB. For example, genes involved in ROS metabolism were up‐regulated under both UVA and ROS. However, when it came to RNA and protein metabolism, there were more up‐regulated genes under UVB and ROS compared to UVA. This suggests that the response to UVB and ROS is more active than the response to UVA, which stimulated more genes in secondary metabolism. Histidine kinases and response regulators were often differentially expressed, demonstrating that regulatory systems were at the base of the patterns. This study provides background for future studies targeting different genes, proteins and systems sensitive to these conditions. It also highlights the significance of considering multiple stress conditions.
Nursing staff’s assessments of medication management process in the psychiatric and operative domains: A cross‐sectional study after introduction of an electronic medication chart
Authors: Kuusisto Anne , Santavirta Jenni , Saranto Kaija , Suominen Tarja , Asikainen Paula 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe nursing staff's assessments of medication management process in the psychiatric and operative domains after introduction of an electronic medication chart.BackgroundThe medication management process includes all structures and practices within the organisation that guide and support medication administration and related procedures.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsA Finnish version of the Medication Administration System – Nurses Assessment of Satisfaction (modified MAS‐NAS) paper‐based questionnaire was sent to all nursing staff (N = 855) working in operative (n = 498) and psychiatric (n = 357) domains in one central hospital. Data were analysed using statistical methods.ResultsIn total, 324 nursing staff members participated. More than half agreed that medication management is efficient (64%), safe for patients (76%), and that the current medication administration system provides the necessary medical treatment information (e.g. prescriptions by physicians, medication data) (64%). Respondents’ overall satisfaction with medication management process was slightly above average on a scale from 1 to 10 (mean = 6.2; SD = 1.8; median = 7, range 2–9). Respondents who used electronic medication chart reported higher overall satisfaction with medication management process (median = 7, mean = 6.1, SD = 1.8 and range 2–9) than those not using it (median = 6.5, mean = 6.3, SD = 1.6 and range 2–9). No statistically significant difference was found (U = 8552.000, p = 0.33).ConclusionsThis study revealed several problems in the medication management process. The results can be used in developing the medication management process.Relevance to clinical practiceElectronic medication chart should be used and developed further in terms of efficacy, safety and access. One year after the electronic medication chart was introduced, only half of the respondents had used it. That is why implementation of electronic systems or technological applications should be carefully considered as a whole.