bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban emergence of Dermanyssus gallinae lineage L1 and Ornithonyssus sylviarum in Hungary: phylogenetic differentiation between the roles of migrating vs transported synanthropic birds
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Takács Nóra , Sipos Gábor , Morandini Pál , Sándor Attila D. , Szekeres Sándor , Grima Andrea , Kontschán Jenő 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Among Dermanyssoidea, the chicken red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) and the northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) are considered to be the cause of high economic losses endured by the poultry industry in the Holarctic region, with O. sylviarum predominating in North America and D. gallinae in Europe. Both species have a short life-cycle (thereby allowing a rapid build-up of massive infestations), a wide range of hosts, synanthropic presence and the ability to bite humans. The aim of this study was to analyze dermanyssoid mite specimens, collected in two human dwellings and two racing pigeon premises in different urban areas in Hungary, with molecular–phylogenetic methods.

Methods
Mite species were identified morphologically. This was followed by DNA extraction and molecular–phylogenetic analyses of selected mites, based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and 28S rRNA (28S) genes.

Results
Mites that had invaded a home from a pigeon nest and were linked to human dermatitis were morphologically and molecularly identified as D. gallinae special lineage L1. Specimens collected at all other sampling sites were identified as O. sylviarum, including mites that had invaded a home from a house martin (Delichon urbicum) nest, as well as those which were collected from racing pigeons. House martin- or pigeon-associated O. sylviarum specimens showed the highest sequence identity and closest phylogenetic relationship with conspecific mites reported in GenBank from Israel or Canada, respectively.

Conclusions
Detailed morphological and molecular–phylogenetic analyses of D. gallinae lineage L1 confirmed its status as a cryptic species within D. gallinae (s.l.). Taking into account the well-documented latitudinal migratory routes of house martins between Hungary and Africa, O. sylviarum associated with this bird species most likely arrived on its host from the eastern Mediterranean region. On the other hand, mites collected from pigeons in Hungary showed cox1 genetic homogeneity with North American O. sylviarum, which can only be explained by a long-distance (west-to-east intercontinental) connection of birds and their mites as part of human activity (e.g. transportation to exhibitions or trading). In summary, this is the first molecularly confirmed and phylogenetically analyzed case of O. sylviarum infestation of birds in Hungary, implicating urban environment and involving distant parts of the country. This is also the first report of D. gallinae lineage L1 in central Europe.

Graphical Abstract
Content analysis of promotional material for asthma-related products and therapies on Instagram
Authors: Heineman Brent , Jewell Marcella , Moran Michael , Bradley Kolbi , Spitzer Kerry A. , Lindenauer Peter K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Increasingly, social media is a source for information about health and disease self-management. We conducted a content analysis of promotional asthma-related posts on Instagram to understand whether promoted products and services are consistent with the recommendations found in the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2019 guidelines.

Methods
We collected every Instagram post incorporating a common, asthma-related hashtag between September 29, 2019 and October 5, 2019. Of these 2936 collected posts, we analyzed a random sample of 266, of which, 211 met our inclusion criteria. Using an inductive, qualitative approach, we categorized the promotional posts and compared each post’s content with the recommendations contained in the 2019 GINA guidelines. Posts were categorized as “consistent with GINA” if the content was supported by the GINA guidelines. Posts that promoted content that was not recommended by or was unrelated to the guidelines were categorized as “not supported by GINA”.

Results
Of 211 posts, 89 (42.2%) were promotional in nature. Of these, a total of 29 (32.6%) were categorized as being consistent with GINA guidelines. The majority of posts were not supported by the guidelines. Forty-one (46.1%) posts promoted content that was not recommended by the current guidelines. Nineteen (21.3%) posts promoted content that was unrelated to the guidelines. The majority of unsupported content promoted non-pharmacological therapies (n = 39, 65%) to manage asthma, such as black seed oil, salt-room therapy, or cupping.

Conclusions
The majority of Instagram posts in our sample promoted products or services that were not supported by GINA guidelines. These findings suggest a need for providers to discuss online health information with patients and highlight an opportunity for providers and social media companies to promote evidence-based asthma treatments and self-management advice online.
New clinical algorithm including fungal biomarkers to better diagnose probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in ICU
Authors:   Collaborative RESSIF group, Hamam Joffrey , Navellou Jean-Christophe , Bellanger Anne-Pauline , Bretagne Stéphane , Winiszewski Hadrien , Scherer Emeline , Piton Gael , Millon Laurence 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The classification of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) issued by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium (EORTC/MSGERC) is used for immunocompromised patients. An alternative algorithm adapted to the intensive care unit (ICU) population has been proposed (AspICU), but this algorithm did not include microbial biomarkers such as the galactomannan antigen and the Aspergillus quantitative PCR. The objective of the present pilot study was to evaluate a new algorithm that includes fungal biomarkers (BM-AspICU) for the diagnosis of probable IPA in an ICU population.

Patients and methods
Data from 35 patients with pathology-proven IPA according to European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycosis Study Group (EORTC/MSGERC)-2008 criteria were extracted from the French multicenter database of the Invasive Fungal Infections Surveillance Network (RESSIF). The patients were investigated according to the AspICU algorithm, and the BM-AspICU algorithm in analyzing the clinical, imaging, and biomarker data available in the records, without taking into account the pathology findings.

Results
Eight patients had to be excluded because no imaging data were recorded in the database. Among the 27 proven IPAs with complete data, 16 would have been considered as putative IPA with the AspICU algorithm and 24 would have been considered as probable IPA using the new algorithm BM-AspICU. Seven out of the 8 patients with probable BM-AspICU IPA (and not classified with the AspICU algorithm) had no host factors and no Aspergillus-positive broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture. Three patients were non-classifiable with any of the two algorithms, because they did not have any microbial criteria during the course of the infection, and diagnosis of proven aspergillosis was done using autopsy samples.

Conclusion
Inclusion of biomarkers could be effective to identify probable IPA in the ICU population. A prospective study is needed to validate the routine application of the BM-AspICU algorithm in the ICU population.
Structural stability for the Boussinesq equations interfacing with Darcy equations in a bounded domain
Authors: Li Yuanfei , Zhang Shuanghu , Lin Changhao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA priori bounds were derived for the flow in a bounded domain for the viscous-porous interfacing fluids. We assumed that the viscous fluid was slow in$\Omega _{1}$Ω1, which was governed by the Boussinesq equations. For a porous medium in$\Omega _{2}$Ω2, we supposed that the flow satisfied the Darcy equations. With the aid of these a priori bounds we were able to demonstrate the result of the continuous dependence type for the Boussinesq coefficientλ. Following the method of a first-order differential inequality, we can further obtain the result that the solution depends continuously on the interface boundary coefficientα. These results showed that the structural stability is valid for the interfacing problem.
Measuring circularity: an application of modified Material Circularity Indicator to agricultural systems
Authors: Rocchi L. , Paolotti L. , Cortina C. , Fagioli F. F. , Boggia A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe transition from a linear to a circular economy is a research trend topic, as well as the possibility to measure the degree of circularity of products and systems. In a linear economy, raw materials are taken from nature and transformed into final products, which are subsequently used and become waste. On the contrary, a circular economy is an economic model that is restorative by intent and design. To measure the degree of circularity is fundamental for understanding processes and improving them. Moreover, this kind of measure could be useful for driving policies on the topic and achieving a higher level of sustainability. Until now, only few studies have been focusing on how to effectively measure the circularity level of a product, a supply chain, or a service. Moreover, in the circular economy paradigm, there are two types of cycles: the technical and biological ones. Biological cycles are mainly connected to the agricultural sector, and for this kind of cycle, the lack of measurement is even bigger. However, some agricultural productions, such as intensive meat production processes, have basically a linear structure. Intensive broiler production, for instance, uses a quite high rate of inputs, which is not entirely converted into edible products but instead results in a percentage of wasteful outputs. The aim of this work is to propose a modification of one of the few available tools for measuring the circularity, the Material Circularity Indicator (MCI), for adapting it to biological cycles. The modified MCI was applied to the poultry sector, integrating the results with the Life Cycle Assessment methodology.
Umbralisib, a Dual PI3Kδ/CK1ε Inhibitor in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Indolent Lymphoma
Authors: Fowler Nathan H. , Samaniego Felipe , Jurczak Wojciech , Ghosh Nilanjan , Derenzini Enrico , Reeves James A. , Knopińska-Posłuszny Wanda , Cheah Chan Y. , Phillips Tycel , Lech-Maranda Ewa , Cheson Bruce D. , Caimi Paolo F. , Grosicki Sebastian , Leslie Lori A. , Chavez Julio C. , Fonseca Gustavo , Babu Sunil , Hodson Daniel J. , Shao Spencer H. , Burke John M. , Sharman Jeff P. , Law Jennie Y. , Pagel John M. , Miskin Hari P. , Sportelli Peter , O'Connor Owen A. , Weiss Michael S. , Zinzani Pier Luigi 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors have shown activity in relapsed or refractory (R/R) indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). PI3K inhibitors have been hampered by poor long-term tolerability and toxicity, which interfere with continuous use. Umbralisib, a dual inhibitor of PI3Kδ/casein kinase-1ε, exhibits improved selectivity for PI3Kδ compared with other PI3K inhibitors. This phase IIb trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of umbralisib in patients with R/R iNHL. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this multicohort, open-label, phase IIb study, 208 patients with R/R marginal zone, follicular, or small lymphocytic lymphoma (MZL, FL, or SLL) unresponsive to prior treatments (≥ 1 MZL; ≥ 2 FL/SLL), including ≥ 1 anti-CD20–based therapy, were administered umbralisib 800 mg orally once daily until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study withdrawal. Primary end point is overall response rate; secondary end points include time to response, duration of response, progression-free survival, and safety. RESULTS The median follow-up is 27.7 months (efficacy) and 21.4 months (safety). The overall response rate was 47.1%, and tumor reduction occurred in 86.4% of patients. The median time to response was 2.7-4.6 months. The median duration of response was not reached for MZL, 11.1 months for FL, and 18.3 months for SLL. Median progression-free survival was not reached for MZL, 10.6 months for FL, and 20.9 months for SLL. At least one grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was reported in 53.4% of patients. TEAEs led to umbralisib discontinuation in 32 patients (15.4%). A total of 31 patients (14.9%) discontinued because of a treatment-related adverse event. Grade ≥ 3 TEAEs reported in ≥ 10% of patients: neutropenia (11.5%) and diarrhea (10.1%). Increased ALT/AST (grade ≥ 3) occurred in 6.7%/7.2% of patients. CONCLUSION Umbralisib achieved meaningful clinical activity in heavily pretreated patients with iNHL. The safety profile was manageable, with a relatively low incidence of immune-mediated toxicities and adverse event–related discontinuations.
Comparison of machine learning methods for prediction of osteoradionecrosis incidence in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Humbert-Vidan Laia , Patel Vinod , Oksuz Ilkay , King Andrew Peter , Guerrero Urbano Teresa 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
Mandible osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is one of the most severe toxicities in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiotherapy (RT). The existing literature focuses on the correlation of mandible ORN and clinical and dosimetric factors. This study proposes the use of machine learning (ML) methods as prediction models for mandible ORN incidence.

Methods:
A total of 96 patients (ORN incidence ratio of 1:1) treated between 2011 and 2015 were selected from the local HNC toxicity database. Demographic, clinical and dosimetric data (based on the mandible dose–volume histogram) were considered as model variables. Prediction accuracy (measured using a stratified fivefold nested cross-validation), sensitivity, specificity, precision and negative predictive value were used to evaluate the prediction performance of a multivariate logistic regression (LR) model, a support vector machine (SVM) model, a random forest (RF) model, an adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) model and an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The different models were compared based on their prediction accuracy and using the McNemar’s hypothesis test.

Results:
The ANN model (77% accuracy), closely followed by the SVM (76%), AdaBoost (75%) and LR (75%) models, showed the highest overall prediction accuracy. The RF model (71%) showed the lowest prediction accuracy. However, based on the McNemar’s test applied to all model pair combinations, no statistically significant difference between the models was found.

Conclusion:
Based on our results, we encourage the use of ML-based prediction models for ORN incidence as has already been done for other HNC toxicity end points.

Advances in knowledge:
This research opens a new path towards personalised RT for HNC using ML to predict mandible ORN incidence.
Robust optimization of time series momentum portfolios
Authors: Fague Jeremy , Almeida Caio 
Published: March 2021

Mean-Variance Optimization (MVO) is well-known to be extremely sensitive to slight differences in the expected returns and covariances: if these measures change day to day, MVO can specify very different portfolios. Making wholesale changes in portfolio composition can cause the incremental gains to be negated by trading costs. We present a method for regularizing portfolio turnover by using the ℓ1 penalty, with the amount of penalization informed by recent historical data. We find that this method dramatically reduces turnover, while preserving the efficiency of mean-variance optimization in terms of risk-adjusted return. Factoring in reasonable estimates of transaction costs, the turnover-regularized MVO portfolio substantially outperforms a leverage-constrained MVO approach, in terms of risk-adjusted return.
Application of genus Cassia in the treatment of Constipation: A systematic review
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Shahzad 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Role of genus cassia in the treatment of Constipation Methods: Methodological analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis of identified studies using RevMan Result and Discussion: Cassia fistula was partially effected in treating constipation however there is a need for improvement in the protocol of studies to reduce biases. These results were only limited to one species so it cannot be generalized among all species of Cassia. Conclusion: Cassia fistula is partially effective in reducing the pain and consistency of stool during constipation among children.
Time Is the Wisest Counselor of All: The Value of Provider–Patient Engagement Length in Home Healthcare
Authors: Song Hummy , Andreyeva Elena , David Guy 
Published: March 2021

Home healthcare is a rapidly growing area of the health sector in the United States. We study its role in the shift toward value-based care, as it is viewed as an avenue for achieving reductions in the cost and utilization of expensive downstream healthcare services. Using a novel data set on home healthcare visits, we examine whether and how the amount of time that a provider spends during a home health visit with a recently discharged patient impacts the patient’s likelihood of being readmitted to the hospital. Because unobserved patient health status may influence both the length of a home health visit and the likelihood of hospital readmission, we use the within-provider average visit length of all other episodes’ visits conducted by each provider in the 30-day period before and after the focal visit as an instrument for visit length. Using this instrumental variable approach and controlling for operational, demographic, and patient condition-related characteristics, we find the following: on average, an extra minute during a focal home health visit is associated with a 1.39% decrease in the likelihood of readmission to the hospital following that visit. Our finding suggests that a 10% increase in visit length would decrease the likelihood of readmission following a home health visit by 6%. We document heterogeneity in this effect across different patient types and visit types. We conduct a cost–benefit analysis that suggests that the cost of investing in additional home health capacity is outweighed by the cost savings arising from fewer hospitalizations. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management.
Financial Uncertainty with Ambiguity and Learning
Authors: Liu Hening , Zhang Yuzhao 
Published: March 2021

We examine a production-based asset pricing model with regime-switching productivity growth, learning, and ambiguity. Both the mean and volatility of the growth rate of productivity are assumed to follow a Markov chain with an unobservable state. The agent’s preferences are characterized by the generalized recursive smooth ambiguity utility function. Our calibrated benchmark model with modest risk aversion can match moments of the variance risk premium in the data and reconcile empirical relations between the risk-neutral variance and macroeconomic quantities and their respective volatilities. We show that the interplay between productivity volatility risk and ambiguity aversion is important for pricing variance risk in returns. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.
Health-related quality of life and sagittal balance at two to 25 years after posterior transfixation for high-grade dysplastic spondylolisthesis
Authors: Schlösser Tom P C. , Garrido Enrique , Tsirikos Athanasios I. , McMaster Michael J. 
Published: March 2021

Aims High-grade dysplastic spondylolisthesis is a disabling disorder for which many different operative techniques have been described. The aim of this study is to evaluate Scoliosis Research Society 22-item (SRS-22r) scores, global balance, and regional spino-pelvic alignment from two to 25 years after surgery for high-grade dysplastic spondylolisthesis using an all-posterior partial reduction, transfixation technique. Methods SRS-22r and full-spine lateral radiographs were collected for the 28 young patients (age 13.4 years (SD 2.6) who underwent surgery for high-grade dysplastic spondylolisthesis in our centre (Scottish National Spinal Deformity Service) between 1995 and 2018. The mean follow-up was nine years (2 to 25), and one patient was lost to follow-up. The standard surgical technique was an all-posterior, partial reduction, and S1 to L5 transfixation screw technique without direct decompression. Parameters for segmental (slip percentage, Dubousset’s lumbosacral angle) and regional alignment (pelvic tilt, sacral slope, L5 incidence, lumbar lordosis, and thoracic kyphosis) and global balance (T1 spino-pelvic inclination) were measured. SRS-22r scores were compared between patients with a balanced and unbalanced pelvis at final follow-up. Results SRS-22r domain and total scores improved significantly from preoperative to final follow-up, except for the mental health domain that remained the same. Slip percentage improved from 75% (SD 15) to 48% (SD 19) and lumbosacral angle from 70° (SD 11) to 101° (SD 11). Preoperatively, 35% had global imbalance, and at follow-up all were balanced. Preoperatively, 63% had an unbalanced pelvis, and at final follow-up this was 32%. SRS-22r scores were not different in patients with a balanced or unbalanced pelvis. However, postoperative pelvic imbalance as measured by L5 incidence was associated with lower SRS-22r self-image and total scores (p = 0.029). Conclusion In young patients with HGDS, partial reduction and transfixation improves local lumbosacral alignment, restores pelvic, and global balance and provides satisfactory long-term clinical outcomes. Higher SRS-22r self-image and total scores were observed in the patients that had a balanced pelvis (L5I < 60°) at two to 25 years follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(3):163–173.
Digital Hydraulic Technology for Linear Actuation: A State of the Art Review
Authors: Donkov Viktor Hristov , Andersen Torben , Linjama Matti , Ebbesen Morten 
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the current state of the art in linear actuation with digital hydraulics. Based on the differences in their aims the paper partitions the area into four actuation concepts – parallel valve solutions, single switching valve solutions, multi-chamber cylinders, and multi-pressure cylinders. The concepts are evaluated based on accuracy and smoothness of motion, switching load, reliability, efficiency and the number of components required.