bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potentiality of arterial spins labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance perfusion technique for the diagnosis of glioblastoma residual tissue
Authors: Bunak M. S. , Stepanova E. A. , Stashuk G. A. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Growing glioblastoma is associated with an impairment of the blood brain barrier and increased hemodynamic parameters (CBV, CBF), which is related to advanced tumor angiogenesis. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion, an additional study to the routine intravenous contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may be a technique for assessment of hemodynamics and identification of the residual tumor tissue.Aim: To study the potential of native ASL to assess hemodynamic parameters and detect residual tumor tissue in the patients who had undergone surgical resection of glioblastoma.Materials and methods: At 2 to 4 weeks after surgery for glioblastoma grade IV, brain MRI with native ASL perfusion and subsequent intravenous contrast enhancement was performed in 63 patients. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) values were measured in three areas of interest: in the presumptive tumor tissue (PTT) with maximal perfusion, in the postoperative scar tissue (PST) and in the deep white matter (DWM) of the contralateral hemisphere.Results: According to their CBF values, all patients were categorized into two groups. Group 1 included 43 patients (68.3%) with mean CBF in PTT of 135.4±41.3 ml/100 Gr/min (min 73.9, max 255.9). These values were 5 to 6-fold higher than the CBF values in the PST and 6 to 8-fold higher than those in DWM. Group 2 included 20 patients (31.7%) without any areas of abnormal CBF increase in PST, with its mean value of 22.1±5.6 ml/100 Gr/min (min 13.9, max 37.1), which was close to the CBF level in DWM (19.8±4.6 ml/100 Gr/min, p=0.06). There were no between-group differences for the CBF values in PST (p=0.6), and DWM (p=0.7).Conclusion: ASL MR perfusion technique has good potential for the identification of residual tumor tissue after surgical resection of glioblastoma and can be an alternative to contrast enhancement during long-term follow up.
ИДЕОЛОГИЯ СУРРОГАТНОГО ПОСТАПОКАЛИПСИСА: БИОПОЛИТИКА КИБЕРПРОСТРАНСТВА В ГОЛЛИВУДСКОМ ФИЛЬМЕ УЖАСОВ
Authors: Некита Андрей Григорьевич , Маленко Сергей Анатольевич , Широкова Ольга Владимировна 
Published: March 2021

Актуальность. Экспансия научно-технических изобретений в официальные и повседневные среды создает новое предметное поле для социогуманитарной рефлексии. Доступность и сравнительная простота в эксплуатации электронных инструментов создают опасную иллюзию неактуальности классических антропологических и социокультурных проблем, с которыми сталкивались практически все поколения людей. Это обуславливает постепенную деградацию общепринятых форм социальной коммуникации с одновременной эскалацией архаических форм социальной жизни. Цель: проанализировать диалектику человека и машины в голливудских антиутопических проектах. Методы: семиотические и психоаналитические подходы, позволяющие проанализировать художественный опыт визуализации острейших антропологических и социальных противоречий, связанных с современными ожиданиями будущего, представленными в американских фильмах ужасов. Результаты: противоречия между человеком и машиной являются краеугольным камнем преломления ведущих трендов современного общества. Степень драматизма этой проблемы как раз и визуализируется растущей катастрофичностью и безысходностью сюжетов американских фильмов ужасов, в которых конфликт природы, человека и машины оборачивается индивидуальными и вселенскими катастрофами. Ситуация оказывается еще более опасной, поскольку создается повсеместная иллюзия, что посредством внедрения искусственного интеллекта можно добиться качественного прогресса не только в производстве, но и в сфере социального управления, и в повседневности людей. Выводы: идеология антиутопических голливудских проектов выступает полноценным, серьезным предостережением ученым и политикам относительно опасных последствий необдуманного внедрения систем искусственного интеллекта в систему социальной коммуникации без полноценной социогуманитарной экспертизы, позволяющей оценить возможные антропологические риски.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PELAKSANAAN PENGADAAN VAKSIN DALAM PENANGANAN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) [A Legal Analysis of the Implementation of Vaccine Procurement in Managing the Coronavirus Disease 19 (Covid-19)]
Authors: Mufidah Lailatul , Tejomurti Kukuh 
Published: March 2021

<p><em>This article elaborates two legal issues related to how to implement the procurement of the Covid-19 vaccine during a pandemic and the legal responsibility for the implementation of vaccine procurement in the context of handling Covid-19. This article is a prescriptive normative legal research using the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The study results show that the implementation of procurement for handling emergencies requires a unique mechanism that is carried out through simplification of administrative processes and under Regulation Related to Procurement of Goods/Services in Emergency Management. Article 27 paragraph (2) and section (3) of the Covid-19 Handling Law, which has legal impunity that does not necessarily eliminate the procurement actors' responsibility, but the procurement actors are still subject to legal accountability based on good faith parameters and implementation under regulations legislation. State finances issued in the procurement of the Covid-19 vaccine can be given a temporary conclusion that it has been implemented effectively considering the efficacy level of the Sinovac vaccine is above the minimum percentage given by WHO, namely 65.3% of the minimum amount of 50%</em></p><p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: </strong>Artikel ini meneliti dua permasalahan hukum terkait bagaimana penerapan pengadaan vaksin Covid-19 di masa pandemi dan pertanggungjawaban hukum atas pelaksanaan pengadaan vaksin yang dilaksanakan dalam rangka penanganan Covid-19. Artikel ini adalah termasuk penelitian hukum yang bersifat preskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan pengadaan guna penanganan keadaan darurat membutuhkan suatu mekanisme khusus yang mana dilaksanakan melalui penyederhanaan proses administratif dan sesuai regulasi Pengadaan Barang/Jasa dalam Penanganan Keadaan Darurat. Pasal 27 ayat (2) dan ayat (3) UU Penanganan Covid-19 yang memiliki impunitas hukum yang sejatinya tidak serta-merta menghilangkan tanggung jawab para pelaku pengadaan melainkan para pelaku pengadaan tetap dikenai adanya pertanggungjawaban hukum berdasarkan parameter itikad baik dan pelaksanaan yang sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Keuangan negara yang dikeluarkan dalam pengadaan vaksin Covid-19 dapat diberikan kesimpulan sementara bahwa telah dilaksanakan secara efektif, mengingat tingkat efikasi vaksin Sinovac berada di atas minimal persentase yang diberikan oleh WHO, yaitu 65,3% dari jumlah minimal 50%.</p>
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA BAGI PENGUNGSI DI NEGARA NON-ANGGOTA KONVENSI STATUS PENGUNGSI 1951 [Human Rights Protection for Refugees in Non-Member Countries of the 1951 Refugee Status Convention]
Authors: Susanto Fransiska Ayulistya 
Published: March 2021

<p><em>Refugee problems become global problems not only for destination country but also for the transit or non-parties country on Status of Refugees Convention 1951. The problem arises when the transit or non-parties country ignore the existence of the refugees in their territory consequently, many refugees could only depend on their protection under UNHCR help. Even if, the territorial state is not the party of 1951 convention, however, they still have responsibility under another Human Rights Convention to give protection to the refugees. Therefore, how far the refugees shall be protected under the transit territory? This article will have analyzed minimum protection under Human Rights instruments and Customary International Law that could give to the refugees. Under the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Convention on The Rights of the Child and Customary International Law, the state territory shall give protection without any discrimination to the refugees, even if they are not the party of 1951 convention. Even though, the protection that refugees get from transit state slightly different than protection from state parties, however, they shall get to be protected.</em></p><p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: </strong>Masalah pengungsi sudah menjadi permasalahan global yang tidak hanya berpengaruh terhadap negara tujuan saja, namun juga pada negara transit atau negara yang bukan merupakan negara anggota Konvensi Status Pengungsi 1951. Masalah timbul saat negara-negara transit atau negara non-anggota mengabaikan keberadaan pengungsi di teritori negara mereka, sehingga banyak pengungsi yang hanya menyandarkan nasibnya di tangan bantuan UNHCR. Meskipun negara teritorial bukan merupakan negara anggota Konvensi Status Pengungsi 1951, namun mereka seharusnya tetap memberikan perlindungan kepada pengungsi. Pertanyaannya, seberapa jauh negara harus memberikan perlindungan kepada pengungsi? Artikel ini akan menganalisis perlindungan minimal di bawah Hak Asasi Manusia yang harus diberikan negara non-anggota kepada pengungsi yang ada di wilayahnya. Menurut Konvenan tentang Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik, Konvenan Hak-Hak Ekonomi, Sosial dan Budaya, serta Konvensi Perlindungan Anak dan juga hukum kebiasaan internasional, negara teritorial haruslah memberikan perlindungan tanpa diskriminasi kepada pengungsi, meskipun negara teritorial tidak menjadi para pihak dari Konvensi Status Pengungsi 1951. Meskipun perlindungan yang diberikan kepada pengungsi oleh negara transit sedikit berbeda jika dibandingkan perlindungan dari negara anggota konvensi, mereka tetap harus mendapatkan perlindungan.</p>
Leprosy Patients Behavior In The Working Area of Puskesmas Umbulsari, Jember Regency
Authors: Nabilla Nabilla , Nurmaida Eny , Utami Sri 
Published: March 2021

East Java is the province with the highest prevalence of leprosy in Indonesia in 2018. Jember Regency has the third highest prevalence of leprosy and Umbulsari sub-district is the district with the highest cases. Knowledge, attitudes and practices are the three domains that determine human behavior. This study aims to understand the knowledge, attitudes and practice of patients of leprosy. This research is a descriptive study conducted at Puskesmas Umbulsari in November 2019. The population and sample of this study were all leprosy patients who lived in the working area of ​​Puskesmas Umbulsari from January 2018-October 2019 and who were still in treatment with a total of 14 people. The data obtained are primary data from interview using a door to door questionnaire and secondary data from the Puskesmas register book. The analyzed data are displayed in tables and narrative form. Based on the results of research on 14 respondents, it was found that the distribution of diseases by sex was the same, mostly occur to people aged 41-50 years, 79% of patients’ education was elementary school, and 50% occurred in patients who work as farmers. The results and conclusions of the behavior of leprosy patients in this study from the aspect of respondents' knowledge about leprosy are mostly good (64.3%), the respondents' attitude towards leprosy are also good (100%), and the respondents' practice towards leprosy are mostly good (50%).
Keyword : attitude, knowledge, leprosy, practice.
Description of Leukocytes Differential Count in Coffee Plantation Workers Silo Subdistrict that Infected by Soil-transmitted Helminths
Authors: Cahyani Desi Dwi , Armiyanti Yunita , Komariyah Cicih , Hermansyah Bagus , Nurdian Yudha 
Published: March 2021

Helminthiasis caused by soil transmitted helminths (STH) are still a serious health problem in the world and in Indonesia. Indonesia has a prevalence that varies between 2.5%-62%. This infection can cause blood disorders such as leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and changes in hemoglobin levels. The purpose of this study was to describe the leukocyte count of coffee plantation workers that infected by STH. This research was an observational descriptive study, using a cross sectional design and was conducted at the coffee plantation in Silo subdistrict. Stool examination was conducted by the concentration method (sedimentation and flotation) to determine the presence of STH infection, while for leukocyte count, we used the differential count method. The results of examination on 101 feces samples showed 26.7% (27/101) of workers were positively infected with STH, with details of the STH type of hookworm by 92.6% (25/27), and the remaining were double infections by Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm as much as 7.4 % (2/27). Examination of leukocyte count showed, 17 workers with hookworm infection had abnormal leukocyte count i.e eosinophilia and neutrophilia, while 8 workers were normal. All workers with double infection (2 workers) had abnormal leukocyte count i.e eosinophilia and neutrophilia. These results can be influenced by the chronicity of the infection or the intensity of the infection.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, sodium, re-use hemodialyzer
The Effectiveness of Vitamin D Addition to Decreasing Blood Glucose Levels of Hyperglycemic Mice Model with Glimepirid Therapy
Authors: Aristiana Tsintani Nur , Abrori Cholis , Shodikin Muhammad Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Low 25-hydrocyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) levels are usually found in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of fasting blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic mice model with glimepirid single therapy, hyperglycemic mice model with vitamin D, and mice model of hyperglycemic with glimepirid therapy plus vitamin D. This study used the true experimental research design with the randomized posttest only control group design. There were 25 male mice (Mus musculus) strain Balb/C with 20-30 g body weight and 2-3 months old which were grouped into 5 groups. The negative control group (K1) was injected with placebo and the positive control group (K2) was injected with STZ 150 mg/kgBW i.p. Groups P1, P2, and P3 were given STZ injection of 150 mg/kgBW i.p and given glimepirid 0.26 mg/kgBW; vitamin D 6,5 ml/kgBW; glimepirid 0,26 mg/kgBW with vitamin D supplementation 6,5 ml/kgBW. The results of the Tukey post hoc tests obtained differences in the mean of delta KGD between groups P1 and K2 = 122,55; in group P2 with K2 = 81,60; and in group P3 with K2 = 74,40. From these data, it can be concluded that in the group given glimepirid plus vitamin D there was no additional effectiveness in decreasing fasting blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic mice model compared to the group given only glimepirid therapy and the group given vitamin D alone.
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, vitamin D, glimepiride, streptozotocin.
Evaluation of CD4 Number In HIV / AIDS Patients Who Are Running The Antiretrovial Treatment Program
Authors: Nurmawati Thatit , Sari Yeni Kartika , Hidayat Aprilia Putri 
Published: March 2021

HIV is a health problem for Indonesia and the world. Enforcement of diagnoses and control efforts continue to be made to reduce the number of HIV / AIDS cases. ARVs are becoming efforts to cure HIV by increasing CD4 cell counts. CD4 cell count is a determinant of ARV therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CD4 cell counts in people with HIV / AIDS who were implementing ARV programs. The study design was observational using secondary data in the form of medical record records. The study population was HIV sufferers who registered to run an HIV / AIDS antiretrovial treatment program at the Cendana Poly Ngudi Waluyo Regional Hospital in Blitar in June 2017. Samples in the study were 30 people according to inclusion and exclusion criteria with a sampling technique using a purposive sampling method. Research instruments using questionnaires. Data analysis uses descriptive method. The results showed that this CD4 cell count had a CD4 cell count of 200 cells / mm 3 by 10%, 200-499 by 90% in patients who were on ARV programs. The patient's condition and obata resistance result in a CD4 cell count not exceeding 500 mm / cell.
Key words: amount CD4, ARV , patient HIV
Subacute Stent Thrombosis: Case Series Analysis
Authors: Suryono Suryono 
Published: March 2021

Abstrak
Perkembangan penanganan penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) mengalami kemajuan pesat. Pada era percutaneus coronary intervention (PCI) mortalitas dan morbiditas PJK menurun dengan penempatan stent pada area stenosis. Namun, manajemen ini masih menyisakan masalah baru berupa stent trombosis (ST) akut sekitar 0,5-2,2% dari total kasus dengan mortalitas 45%. Beberapa faktor seperti prosedur intervensi, pasien dan karakteristik lesi serta resistensi platelet menjadi pemicu kejadian ST. Kemajuan industri stent, perkembangan prosedur intervensi, dan preparasi pasien dapat menekan kejadian ST, namun resistensi antiplatelet sebagai pemicu ST pada masing-masing individu belum dapat diprediksi.
Potential of Cocoa Extract (Theobroma cacao) in Inhibiting Erythrocyte Damage Induced by Physalia utriculus Venom
Authors: Intansari Adinningtyas , Munawir Al , Indreswari Laksmi 
Published: March 2021

Physalia utriculus is one of the invertebrate marine biota that is often found in Indonesia. Some symptoms of venoming due to jellyfish stings cause pain, itching, and hemolysis. In Indonesia, 13 cases of jellyfish stings were reported in 2005-2009 with three people dying in Java, Bali, and Bangka. Cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) contain fat, carbohydrates, proteins, and polyphenol compounds that are useful as antioxidants. Polyphenols in the form of epicathechins, catechins, and procyanidins serve to provide protection to hemolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of ethanol extract of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in inhibiting the damage of erythrocyte induced by Physalia utriculus in vitro. This study used 28 samples of erythrocytes divided into seven groups, namely the normal control group, negative controls, and treatment with cocoa ethanol extract 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.04%, and 0.02%. Each subsequent group induced venom Physalia utriculus. The results showed that the average speed of erythrocyte lysis in the treatment group by giving cocoa ethanol extract 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.04%, and 0.02% respectively (seconds ± standard deviation) was 858,25 ± 94,44; 1.000,5 ± 159,93; 678,5 ± 19,71; and 1.006 ± 159,50. The mean speed of erythrocyte lysis in the negative control group was 1,025 ± 164.63 and the positive control group with the administration of N-Acetylcystein can last up to one hour after administration of venoms. Test for normality and homogeneity shows that data is normally distributed and homogeneous. One Way Annova analysis shows the significance value of p <0.05, then a post hoc analysis test was performed with the Bonferoni method to find out the differences in significance in each group. In this study it can be concluded that the administration of cocoa ethanol extract has no potential to inhibit erythrocyte damage that has been venomed by Physalia utriculus in vitro.
Keywords: Physalia utriculus, cacao, erythrocyte damage
The Effectiveness of Vitamin C Addition to Blood Glucose Levels of Hyperglycemic Mice with Glimepiride Treatment
Authors: Fitri Indi Kamilia , Abrori Cholis , Dharmawan Dion Krismashogi 
Published: March 2021

In people with diabetes mellitus (DM) there is a decrease in basal vitamin C levels which is thought to be a result of oxidative stress in the condition of hyperglycemia that it needs to increase vitamin C as an antioxidant. Hyperglycemia in DM needs to be lowered by pharmacological therapy, named glimepirid so the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of vitamin C addition to the reduction of KGD hyperglycemic mice with glimepirid treatment. This study is true experimental with a sample of 25 mice 20-30 grams and divided into five groups, first the control group (K0); STZ induction group (K1); STZ induction group with glimepirid treatment (K2); STZ induction group with the treatment of vitamin C (K3); STZ induction group by treatment of a combination of glimepirid and vitamin C (K4). STZ is injected intraperitonially 150 mg / kgBB. All groups were measured for KGD 1 after induction of STZ and KGD 2 after treatment for fourteen days. The results of the STZ induction group with the treatment of a combination of glimepirid and vitamin C (K4) experienced a smaller and not significant decrease in BSL in the STZ induction group with a single glimepirid (K2) treatment. These results are thought to have an influence from interactions between drugs that cause one drug to not work optimally. The conclusion of this study is that administration of glimepirid, vitamin C, or both can reduce blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic mice with the greatest decrease occurring in the glimepirid group.
Efficacy and Safety of Transcatheter Ventricular Septal Defect Closure Using Nit-Occlud Le VSD coil in Short-term Observation
Authors: Dewi Saraswati , Rahman Mahrus Abdur , Utamayasa I Ketut Alit , Hidayat Taufiq 
Published: March 2021

Nit-Occlud Le VSD coil, an alternative device for closing VSD transcatheter, started to be used in dr. Soetomo Hosptal in 2017, but no research has been done on the results of closure with this device. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Nit-Occlud Le VSD coil. Descriptive observational method was used. The results are as follow: Of the 17 patients who underwent transcatheter closure during January to December 2018, 10 (58, 8%) cases were closed with Nit- Occlud Le VSD coil. The success of implantation is 100%, 8 cases were closed with Nit-Occlud Le VSD coil, 2 plus an amplatzer (ADO 1 and AVSO). Type of VSD: perimembranaous 7 (70%), subaortic 2 (20%) and mid muscularis 1 (10%). Immediate complete closure in 7/10 (70%), while 3 (30%) obtained residual DSV. The closure rate at the first month of follow up becomes 80%. Median length of post-catheterization was 2 days (2 - 3 days). Complications: 1 (10%) mild aortic regurgitation, 1 (10%) hemolysis and 2 (20%) with additional second device (ADO 1 and AVSO): first case: moderate residual VSD and severe aortic regurgitation; second case: severe tricuspid regurgitation and residual VSD that disappeared in first month. The residual VSD altered from 30% to 10%, and closure rate was 80% at the first month of observation. VSD closure with Nit-Occlud Le VSD coil provides good efficacy and safety for patients.
Keywords: VSD, Nit-Occlud Le VSD coil.