bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of StrongPeople Strong Bodies on Functional Fitness: A Community-Based Randomized Trial
Authors: Seguin-Fowler Rebecca A. , Grocke Michelle , Graham Meredith L. , Tarabochia Dawn , Sriram Urshila , Eldridge Galen D. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Despite the established benefits of strength training among older adults, access to strength training facilities in rural communities is limited. Local community educator–led classes using affordable equipment that can be easily stored and moved (e.g., handheld weights) offer a feasible approach for improving strength training access among older rural adults; however, very few studies have examined the effects of these types of community-based classes led by nonexercise specialists. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a community-based progressive strength training program led by Cooperative Extension county educators on functional fitness and physical activity among older rural adults.

Methods
Adults 50 yr and older recruited from rural Montana counties were randomized to a 12-wk, 1-h, twice-weekly, progressive strength training program, or a delayed intervention control group. Data were collected at baseline and postintervention via accelerometry, functional fitness tests, and questionnaires about physical activity, social support, and exercise attitudes. Linear mixed models and general additive models, adjusted for sex and age, were used to assess pre–post changes in outcomes between groups.

Results
Intervention participants (n = 83) experienced significantly greater improvements in aerobic endurance, upper body strength, lower body strength, exercise-related social support from friends, and attitudes toward exercise (all P < 0.01) compared with control participants (n = 84); improvements were both statistically significant and functionally meaningful.

Conclusions
The present study provides strong evidence in support of strength training for older adults in community settings, led by nonexercise professionals, to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, social support for physical activity, and attitudes toward exercise.

Trial Registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: [NCT04203563]).
The draining surgical wound post total hip and knee arthroplasty: what are my options? A narrative review
Authors: Almeida Richard Peter , Mokete Lipalo , Sikhauli Nkhodiseni , Sekeitto Allan Roy , Pietrzak Jurek 
Published: October 2021

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are successful orthopaedic procedures with an ever-increasing demand annually worldwide, and persistent wound drainage (PWD) is a well-known complication following these procedures. Despite many definitions for PWD having been proposed, a validated description remains elusive. PWD is a risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). PJI is a devastating complication of THA and TKA, and a leading cause of revision surgery with dramatic morbidity and mortality and a significant burden on health socioeconomics. Prevention of PJI has become an essential focus in THA and TKA. Understanding the pathophysiology, risk factors and subsequent management of PWD may aid in decreasing the rate of PJI. Risk factors of PWD can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable patient risk factors, pharmacological and surgical risk factors. No gold standard treatment protocol to address PWD exists; however, non-operative options progressing to surgical interventions have been described. The aim of this study was to review the current literature regarding PWD and consolidate the risk factors and management strategies available. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:872-880. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200054
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) versus open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for displaced three-part or four-part proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Suroto Heri , De Vega Brigita , Deapsari Fani , Prajasari Tabita , Wibowo Pramono Ari , Samijo Steven K. 
Published: October 2021

Despite rapid medical technology development, various challenges exist in three- and four-part proximal humeral fracture (PHF) management. This condition has led to a notably increased use of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA); however, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is still the most widely performed procedure. Thus, these two modalities are crucial and require further discussion. We aim to compare the outcomes of three- or four-part PHF surgeries using ORIF and RTSA based on direct/head-to-head comparative studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Cochrane handbook and PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library) from inception to October 2020. Our protocol was registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020214681). We assessed the individual study risk of bias using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I tools, then appraised our evidence using the GRADE approach. Six head-to-head comparative studies were included, comprising one RCT and five retrospective case-control studies. We found that RTSA significantly improved forward flexion but was comparable to ORIF in abduction (p = 0.03 and p = 0.47, respectively) and more inferior in external rotation (p < 0.0001). Moreover, RTSA improved the overall Constant-Murley score, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.22). Interestingly, RTSA increased complications (by 42%) but reduced the revision surgery rates (by 63%) compared to ORIF (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). RTSA is recommended to treat patients aged 65 years or older with a three- or four-part PHF. Compared to ORIF, RTSA resulted in better forward flexion and Constant-Murley score, equal abduction, less external rotation, increased complications but fewer revision surgeries.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:941-955. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210049
Implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol at a safety net hospital
Authors: Taylor Adam J. , Kay Robert D. , Tye Erik Y. , Bryman Jason A. , Longjohn Donald , Najibi Soheil , Runner Robert P. 
Published: October 2021

Aims This study aimed to evaluate whether an enhanced recovery protocol (ERP) for arthroplasty established during the COVID-19 pandemic at a safety net hospital can be associated with a decrease in hospital length of stay (LOS) and an increase in same-day discharges (SDDs) without increasing acute adverse events. Methods A retrospective review of 124 consecutive primary arthroplasty procedures performed after resuming elective procedures on 11 May 2020 were compared to the previous 124 consecutive patients treated prior to 17 March 2020, at a single urban safety net hospital. Revision arthroplasty and patients with < 90-day follow-up were excluded. The primary outcome measures were hospital LOS and the number of SDDs. Secondary outcome measures included 90-day complications, 90-day readmissions, and 30day emergency department (ED) visits. Results The mean LOS was significantly reduced from 2.02 days (SD 0.80) in the pre-COVID cohort to 1.03 days (SD 0.65) in the post-COVID cohort (p < 0.001). No patients in the pre-COVID group were discharged on the day of surgery compared to 60 patients (48.4%) in the post-COVID group (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in 90-day complications (13.7% (n = 17) vs 9.7% (n = 12); p = 0.429), 30-day ED visits (1.6% (n = 2) vs 3.2% (n = 4); p = 0.683), or 90-day readmissions (2.4% (n = 3) vs 1.6% (n = 2); p = 1.000) between the pre-COVID and post-COVID groups, respectively. Conclusion Through use of an ERP, arthroplasty procedures were successfully resumed at a safety net hospital with a shorter LOS and increased SDDs without a difference in acute adverse events. The resulting increase in healthcare value therefore may be considered a ‘silver lining’ to the moratorium on elective arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic. These improved efficiencies are expected to continue in post-pandemic era. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):871–878.
Implementation and perceived effectiveness of gun violence restraining orders in California: A qualitative evaluation
Authors: Pear Veronica A. , Schleimer Julia P. , Tomsich Elizabeth , Pallin Rocco , Charbonneau Amanda , Wintemute Garen J. , Knoepke Christopher E. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Uptake of gun violence restraining orders (GVROs), which temporarily prohibit the possession and purchase of firearms and ammunition from individuals at particularly high risk of harming themselves or others with a firearm, has been slow and heterogenous across California. Insights into the implementation process and perceived effectiveness of the law could guide implementation in California and the many states that have enacted or are considering enacting such a law.

Methods
We conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with 27 key informants, including judges, law enforcement officers, city and district attorneys, policy experts, and firearm violence researchers. Analysis of transcripts was guided by grounded theory and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Findings
The following constructs emerged within 4 CFIR domains as salient features of implementation: 1) implementation characteristics: risk of violence, cost, and adaptability; 2) outer setting: interagency coordination and local firearm ideology; 3) inner setting: readiness for implementation and law enforcement firearm culture; and 4) implementation process: planning and engaging with those involved in implementation. Key informants perceived the law to be effective, particularly for preventing firearm suicide, but agreed that more research was needed. While most indicated that the law resulted in positive outcomes, concerns about the potential for class- and race-based inequities were also raised.

Conclusions
Implementation of the GVRO law in California was hampered by a lack of funding to support local proactive implementation efforts. This resulted in ad hoc policies and procedures, leading to inconsistent practices and widespread confusion among those responsible for implementation. In states that have not begun implementation, we recommend dedicating funding for implementation and creating local procedures statewide prior to the law’s rollout. In California, recommendations include providing training on the GVRO law—including an explication of agency-specific roles, responsibilities, and procedures—to officers, city attorneys, and civil court judges.
Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, and the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cohort Study
Authors: Um Yoo Jin , Chang Yoosoo , Jung Hyun-Suk , Cho In Young , Shin Jun Ho , Shin Hocheol , Wild Sarah H. , Byrne Christopher D. , Ryu Seungho 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:
The longitudinal relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality, and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown. We aimed to examine the association between sleep duration, sleep quality, and NAFLD development.

METHODS:
Using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, sleep duration and quality were evaluated for 143,306 NAFLD-free Korean adults with a mean age of 36.6 years, who were followed for an average of 4.0 years. Hepatic steatosis (HS) was assessed using ultrasonography and liver fibrosis by the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) or the NAFLD fibrosis score. Flexible parametric proportional hazard models were used to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS:
There were 27,817 subjects with incident HS, of whom 1,471 had incident HS plus intermediate/high FIB-4. Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) for incident HS comparing sleep durations of ≤5, 6, 8, and ≥ 9 hours with 7 hours were 1.19 (1.14–1.23), 1.07 (1.04–1.10), 0.98 (0.94–1.02), and 0.95 (0.87–1.03), respectively. The corresponding HRs for incident HS plus intermediate/high FIB-4 were 1.30 (1.11–1.54), 1.14 (1.01–1.29), 1.11 (0.93–1.33), and 1.08 (0.71–1.63). The association between sleep duration and HS plus intermediate/high FIB-4 was inverse in individuals with good sleep quality but tended to be U-shaped in those with poor sleep quality. The results were similar if FIB-4 was replaced by the NAFLD fibrosis score.

DISCUSSION:
In young adults, short sleep duration was independently associated with an increased risk of incident NAFLD with or without intermediate/high fibrosis score, suggesting a role for inadequate sleep quantity in NAFLD risk and severity.
Cheyne-Stokes Respiration in a 17-Year-Old Boy Awaiting Heart Transplantation
Authors: Rai Nooralam A. , De Aliva , Lamm Carin 
Published: October 2021

Cheyne-Stokes respiration is a pattern of alternating central apnea and hyperpnea. It is well described in adults with congestive heart failure, but not in children.
We report the case of a 17-year-old boy whose systolic heart failure was complicated by Cheyne-Stokes respiration. He was given supportive therapy until heart transplant, after which his Cheyne-Stokes respiration clinically resolved. Clinicians should be aware of this uncommon condition in pediatric and adolescent patients who have advanced heart failure and irregular breathing.
Ankle Proprioception in Male and Female Surfers and the Implications of Motor Experience and Lower-Body Strength
Authors: Dowse Rebecca A. , Secomb Josh L. , Bruton Michaela , Parsonage Joanna , Ferrier Brendon , Waddington Gordon , Nimphius Sophia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Dowse, RA, Secomb, JL, Bruton, M, Parsonage, J, Ferrier, B, Waddington, G, and Nimphius, S. Ankle proprioception in male and female surfers and the implications of motor experience and lower-body strength. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3497–3504, 2022—The primary objectives were to evaluate if the active movement extent discrimination apparatus (AMEDA) condition (i.e., front foot and back foot plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion) and the level of competition explained ankle movement discrimination scores and, thereafter, examined the contribution of surf experience, physical capacity, and ability to proprioception. It was also considered important to re-evaluate the surf experience, anthropometric characteristics, physical capacities, and abilities of male and female surfers. Twenty-six male (n = 12, surf experience = 18 ± 8 years) and female surfers (n = 14, surf experience = 9 ± 6 years) completed a pre-exercise medical questionnaire, anthropometric assessment, 8 AMEDA assessments, countermovement jump, squat jump, and isometric midthigh pull assessment. The AMEDA condition and level of competition did not have a statistically significant main effect on ankle movement discrimination scores; however, the effect of the gender/sex was significant (p = 0.044). Surf experience (p = 0.029) and lower-body isometric strength (p = 0.029) had a statistically significant but small main effect on ankle movement discrimination scores. The results also confirmed that there were significant differences in surf experience, anthropometric characteristics, physical capacity, and jumping ability between male and female surfers. As surf experience and physical capacity were only able to explain a small magnitude of ankle movement discrimination scores, it is suggested that ankle proprioception in surfers may be related to both the volume and quality of the motor experience attained, which may be augmented by environmental and sociocultural factors.
Questionnaire for initial self-assessment in post-COVID period: Recommendations of Multidisciplinary expert board on screening of post-COVID syndrome during an expanded medical check-up
Authors: Chuchalin Alexander G. , Ametov Alexander S. , Arutyunov Gregory P. , Drapkina Oksana M. , Martynov Mikhail Yu. , Mishlanov Vitaliy Yu. , Mosolov Sergey N. , Potekaev Nikolay N. , Soldatov Dmitry G. 
Published: October 2021

The post-COVID symptom complex is wide enough and requires special vigilance during clinical examination of patients after the novel coronavirus infection. The aim of the Multidisciplinary Expert Board study was to develop a standardized questionnaire for initial self-assessment by patients who had had COVID-19 before the expanded medical check-up.Methods. The existing validated international and national questionnaires and scales were analyzed to assess their relevance, convenience, and ease of filling out. Results of the analysis were used to set up a screening for post-COVID symptoms.Results. The work of the Multidisciplinary Expert Board in June-August 2021 resulted in a new screening questionnaire for the initial assessment of the health status of patients who have COVID-19. The questionnaire is intended for self-filling before the further clinical examination.Conclusion. A new standardized patient questionnaire to screen for post-COVID symptoms may significantly optimize the doctor’s working time, increase the efficiency of diagnosis, improve the principles of selection and formation of risk groups of patients during an expanded medical check-up.
Irrationality of managers’ behavior in corporate financial decision making
Authors: Banaszek Marcin 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of the study: The subject of consideration is the behavioral aspects of corporate finance. The consideration is devoted to the basic inclinations of psychological nature characteristic of managers. The main purpose of the article is to characterize the irrational behavior of managers in the process of financial decision-making in the enterprise.
Methodology: The paper was prepared with the use the critical literature review method mainly in the field of behavioral corporate finance.
Main findings: The discussion shows that behavioral corporate finance focuses mainly on cognitive and motivational-emotional processes in managers, which may occur in various decision areas within which managers make choices. There are three groups of psychological phenomena and inclinations that are characteristic of managers who manage business entities, namely predispositions to systematic inference errors, heuristics, and the presentation effect.
Application of the study: The presented article refers to the irrational behavior of managers in the process of making financial decisions in the company. It implies reflections in such scientific fields as, among others, economics and finance, management and psychology. The use of the tools of psychology allows analyzing the problems of financial decision-making of managers in the enterprise, noticing in them some deviations from rationality that can affect the efficiency of the enterprise. The content of the article can be useful for managers making financial decisions in an enterprise.
Originality/Novelty of the study: Behavioral finance is a young discipline of finance, the scientific output of which in Poland is still small. Behavioral aspects are just beginning to gain importance in the decision-making process, especially the financial one. The tendencies of managers to irrationality in the decision-making process presented in this article allow us to better understand the errors, psychological factors that may cause wrong decisions, which in turn may translate into poorer financial condition of the whole enterprise. The article can inspire further research and inquiry in the field of behavioral finance and contribute to other interesting scientific studies.
Hypokalemia and the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system activity in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Tsiberkin A. I. , Golovatyuk K. А. , Bykova E. S. , Andreeva A. T. , Vashukova M. A. , Tsoy U. A. , Karonova T. L. 
Published: October 2021

Background. Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte complication among hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is suggested as a possible cause of hypokalemia in patients with COVID-19.Objective. To investigate the RAAS activity in COVID-19 patients with and without hypokalemia and its possible association with treatment outcomes.Design and methods. The cross-sectional cohort study included 172 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Potassium, aldosterone and venous renin were measured in 77 patients. The differences in the levels of acute phase proteins, the degree of lung damage and the severity of COVID-19 were compared between patients with and without hypokalemia.Results. Hypokalemia was found in 19 of 77 patients (25%): the median potassium level in hypokalemia and eukalemia group was 3,1 [2,8–3,3] and 4,1 [3,9–4,5] mmol/L, respectively (p = 0,001). Plasma aldosterone and renin levels in patients with and without hypokalemia did not differ significantly: aldosterone 76,0 [57,7–121,5] and 70,9 [26,3–113,8] pg/ml (p = 0,23), renin 17,0 [8,5–47,2] and 11,0 [6,5–38,1] pg/ml (p = 0,35), respectively. Differences in the degree of lung tissue damage, acute phase proteins, severity of COVID-19, length of hospitalization and mortality in patients with and without identified electrolyte disturbances were also not significant.Conclusions. Our results showed that there were no laboratory signs of RAAS hyperactivation in COVID-19 patients with registered hypokalemia. Identification of the cause and clinical significance of hypokalemia among patients with COVID-19 needs to be specified.