bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative evaluation of nanoparticle dispersion based on modeling methods and image analysis: A case study on nano‐Sb2O3 filled Poly (butylene terephthalate) composites
Authors: Kang Chenghu , Xu Jianlin , Niu Lei , Li Chengsi , Fan Jiliang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe dispersion state of filler in polymer‐matrix composites plays a significant role in determining the performance of nanocomposites. Thus, the quantification of dispersion analysis for inclusions in polymer composites is crucial. In this paper, the robust methods for the quantitative assessment of dispersion are developed. The methods are based on the modeling evaluation and direct analysis of scanning electron microscopy micrographs using binary image technology. The dispersion degree in polymer nanocomposites reinforced with inorganic nanoparticles is calculated by modeling method. In addition, the effect of dispersion on the tensile modulus of nanocomposites is analyzed by modeling method. To further quantify the dispersion of nanoparticles, the mean distance value between nanoparticles is measured. The dispersion index D is defined as the probability of inclusion particles free‐path spacing, according to the frequency distribution of particle spacing data. The dispersion states of different samples are compared to examine the availability of the analysis methods to various dispersion conditions such as the effect of aggregation, agglomeration, cluster distribution, and surface treatment of nanoparticles. Besides, another modeling methodology is established based on inter‐particle distance of the nanocomposites. In this model, the dispersion of the nanoparticles is assessed by comparing the inter‐particle distance with the theoretical value assuming a perfect dispersion. In the case of nano‐Sb2O3 filled Poly (butylene terephthalate) composites, the composites with different dispersion and distribution characteristics were prepared. And the microstructures of these composites are also employed to access the applicability and functionality of the analysis methods.
International collaboration framework for the calculation of performance loss rates: Data quality, benchmarks, and trends (towards a uniform methodology)
Authors: Lindig Sascha , Moser David , Curran Alan J. , Rath Kunal , Khalilnejad Arash , French Roger H. , Herz Magnus , Müller Björn , Makrides George , Georghiou George , Livera Andreas , Richter Mauricio , Ascencio‐Vásquez Julián , van Iseghem Mike , Meftah Mohammed , Jordan Dirk , Deline Chris , van Sark Wilfried , Stein Joshua S. , Theristis Marios , Meyers Bennet , Baumgartner Franz , Luo Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe IEA PVPS Task 13 group, experts who focus on photovoltaic performance, operation, and reliability from several leading R&D centers, universities, and industrial companies, is developing a framework for the calculation of performance loss rates of a large number of commercial and research photovoltaic (PV) power plants and their related weather data coming across various climatic zones. The general steps to calculate the performance loss rate are (i) input data cleaning and grading; (ii) data filtering; (iii) performance metric selection, corrections, and aggregation; and finally, (iv) application of a statistical modeling method to determine the performance loss rate value. In this study, several high‐quality power and irradiance datasets have been shared, and the participants of the study were asked to calculate the performance loss rate of each individual system using their preferred methodologies. The data are used for benchmarking activities and to define capabilities and uncertainties of all the various methods. The combination of data filtering, metrics (performance ratio or power based), and statistical modeling methods are benchmarked in terms of (i) their deviation from the average value and (ii) their uncertainty, standard error, and confidence intervals. It was observed that careful data filtering is an essential foundation for reliable performance loss rate calculations. Furthermore, the selection of the calculation steps filter/metric/statistical method is highly dependent on one another, and the steps should not be assessed individually.
The use of fast initial response features on the homogeneously weighted moving average chart with estimated parameters under the effect of measurement errors
Authors: Thanwane Maonatlala , Abbasi Saddam Akber , Malela‐Majika Jean‐Claude , Aslam Muhammad , Shongwe Sandile Charles 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFast initial response (FIR) features are generally used to improve the sensitivity of memory‐type control charts by shrinking time‐varying control limits in the earlier stage of the monitoring regime. This paper incorporates FIR features to increase the sensitivity of the homogeneously weighted moving average (HWMA) monitoring schemes with and without measurement errors under constant as well as linearly increasing variance scenarios. The robustness and the performance of the HWMA monitoring schemes are investigated in terms of numerous run‐length properties assuming that the underlying process parameters are known and unknown. It is found that the FIR features improves the performance of the HWMA monitoring scheme as compared to the standard no FIR feature HWMA scheme, and at the same time, it is observed that the simultaneous use of a recently proposed FIR feature and multiple measurements significantly reduces the negative effect of measurement errors. An illustrative example on the volume of milk in bottles is used to demonstrate a real‐life application.
Switching event‐triggering mechanisms for integral input‐to‐state stable nonlinear systems
Authors: Yu Hao , Chen Xia , Hao Fei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article studies the event‐triggered control problem for nonlinear systems that are merely integral input‐to‐state stable (iISS) with respect to measurement errors and external inputs. By using the iISS Lyapunov function, which comes from a necessary and sufficient condition on iISS, an integral‐based event‐triggering mechanism is introduced to compensate the effects of measurement errors. Under some assumptions on the gains of the iISS Lyapunov function, both the closed‐loop iISS and Zeno‐freeness are proved when the external inputs are measurable. In the presence of unknown disturbances, a novel switching event‐triggering mechanism is designed based on the relationship between the transmitted state and some threshold constant. Subsequently, the corresponding lower bound of inter‐event times is given explicitly to ensure Zeno‐freeness. It is shown that the proposed switching mechanism can be applicable to the nonlinear systems where some existing event‐triggering mechanisms are invalid in avoiding Zeno behavior. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the efficiency and feasibility of the obtained results.
Fluorescent Enhancement of CaF2: Nd3+ Nanoparticles through a Concentration‐Gradient Core/Shell Hybrid Structure
Authors: Wang Tan , Wang Bo , He Qingguo , Cheng Jiangong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this contribution, we provided an efficient core/shell structure for CaF2 : Nd3+ based core/shell NPs, which has several traits below: hybrid core; homogeneous or heterogeneous core‐host and shell‐host; concentration‐gradient distribution of both doping ions and activator from inner to outer shell layer. Finally, A successive layer‐by‐layer doping method was utilized to synthesize various core‐based and concentration‐gradient hybrid Ce3+, Li+ and activator (Nd3+) shell layer core/shell(C/S) NPs, which could enhance the fluorescence of the CaF2 : 6Nd(mol %) C/S NPs up to 21.4 times than that of core‐only NPs by doping much denser hybrid Ce3+ and activator Nd3+ in per unit volume and overcoming surface quenching.
Investigation of Anion Structural Effects on Solute‐Solvent Interactions of Ionic Liquids with DMF by Volumetric, Acoustic, Viscometric Properties and COSMO‐RS Calculations
Authors: Losetty Venkatramana , Hazarathaiah Yadav C. , Devi Wilfred Cecilia , Gardas Ramesh L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study reveals that the effect of anion structures on solvent‐solute interactions by analysis of sophisticated thermophysical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) with molecular solvent. Three imidazolium based ILs (1‐octyl‐3‐methylimidazolium) [Omim][NTf2], [Omim][PF6] and [Omim][SCN] were synthesized, characterized and measured the thermophysical properties such as density (ρ) sound speed (u) and viscosity (η) of all ILs with DMF as solvent for binary mixture at various conditions. Furthermore, various derived thermophysical properties
, κs,Φ,
and ηr, were calculated from experimental data. The type of interactions such as IL‐IL or IL‐solvent or solvent‐solvent are occurred among the component molecules were estimated from the empirical parameters and COSMO−Rs computational study. The obtained results show that the size of anion is governing the volumetric, acoustic and viscometric properties of the studied ILs with DMF.
Cyanide‐Ion‐Induced J‐Aggregation of Merocyanine Dye for Paper‐Based Colorimetric Detection in Water
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Satish 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA probe based on merocyanine dye was synthesized as a salt of p‐toluenesulfonate. Owing to the high solubility of merocyanine dye in water and H‐bonding ability, it was investigated for anion‐induced aggregation properties in the buffered medium [CH3CN: water (1 : 1/v: v)]. The probe recognized the existence of cyanide ion by forming an H‐bond and displacing the p‐toluenesulfonate group. The probe displayed a bluish‐purple color in response to cyanide ion addition, which was initially light pink. The complex formation and aggregation properties of the probe were investigated using techniques like naked eye detection, digital colorimetry, UV‐Visible, 1H‐NMR, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Paper and solution‐based techniques aided by a smartphone were also used successfully in the determination process. An excellent limit of detection value (LOD) was witnessed in all the techniques exploited for sensing cyanide ions. Methods based on density functional theory (DFT) were also used to investigate the complex formation and observed a good correlation in experimental and theoretical results.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Multi‐Functional Bisimidazolyl Phenol Zinc (II) Complex: Application in OLED, Anti‐Counterfeiting and Latent Finger Print Detection
Authors: Kempegowda Ravindra M. , Malavalli Mahadevan K. , Malimath G. H. , Naik Lohit , Manjappa Kiran B. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract+An aggregation‐induced emission‐based, luminescent Zinc (II) coordination complex of bisimidazolyl phenol (Zn‐BDI) is prepared. The thermal stability of the complex Zn‐BDI is attributed to the twisted conformation, and the rigid molecular structure of the ligand BDI resulted from the incorporation of the Zn‐metal atom. The maximum emission of the Zn‐BDI appears to be at 475 nm and emits strong cyan fluorescence. The light emission performance of the prepared zinc complex in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) indicates fairly good electroluminescence properties (max. brightness 13500 cd/m2, max. EQE=3.8 %). Moreover, these Zn‐BDI can emit strong cyan‐blue luminescence with a high quantum efficiency (0.83), and hence, latent fingerprint (LFPs) investigation exhibited permanent, immutable, and unique pores that are distributed on the ridges. Collectively, the prepared Zn complex offers a new avenue for the OLED and LFP applications.
Synthesis, Characterization and Luminescence Behavior of a Cd‐terephthalate Coordination Polymer
Authors: Liu Fujie , Jia Qiangqiang , Wang Guoxi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA novel coordination polymer {[CdBr(TA)](C2H7N)}n was synthesized based on CdBr2 and terephthalic acid (TA) via solvothermal method, which belongs to orthorhombic system with Fddd space group, and it displays three‐dimension and 3‐fold interspersed. The compound was characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, thermal stability, fluorescence and ultraviolet absorption characterization to prove the phase purity and properties. Fluorescence test was proved that the compound has a strong fluorescence emission at 460 nm. When detecting metal ions, Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions have a complete quenching effect on their fluorescence, and Co2+ ions could change its fluorescence emission wavelength.
Tragverhalten von Fachwerkmasten aus Winkelprofilen
Authors: Vlachakis Konstantinos , Beyer André , Vayas Ioannis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEs werden vier Großversuche an freistehenden Fachwerkmasten aus Winkelprofilen vorgestellt, die im Rahmen des RFCS‐ (Research Fund for Coal and Steel) Forschungsprojekts ANGELHY durchgeführt wurden. Die Maste werden durch eine horizontale Kraft am Mastkopf belastet. Die Belastung erfolgt entweder parallel zu den Seiten oder über Eck. Je nach Ausbildung und Querschnittsauswahl versagen die Stiele oder die Verbandsdiagonalen. In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst die Versuche vorgestellt. Darauf folgend werden die Versuche mittels numerischer Analysen und Nachweise der Tragelemente nach gültigen Normenbestimmungen nachgerechnet. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Rechenmodelle die Versagensformen richtig erfassen. Allerdings zeigt sich auch, dass die Nachweisregeln des Eurocode 3 konservativ und änderungsbedürftig sind. Es wurde dann ein zweites Berechnungsmodell getestet, bei dem sowohl die numerische Berechnung als auch die Tragfähigkeitsnachweise auf detaillierteren Annahmen beruhen. Die Anwendung dieses Rechenmodells führt zu genaueren Ergebnissen bezogen auf die Laborversuche und zu einer Tragfähigkeitserhöhung von ungefähr 10–30 % im Vergleich zum vereinfachten Eurocode‐3‐Rechenmodell.
Application of Acrolein Imines to Organic Synthesis, Biofunctional Studies, and Clinical Practice
Authors: Pradipta Ambara R. , Tanaka Katsunori 
Published: March 2021

AbstractN‐alkyl unsaturated imines derived from acrolein, a toxin produced during oxidative stress, and biogenic alkyl amines occur naturally and are considered biologically relevant compounds. However, despite the recent conceptual and technological advances in organic synthesis, research on the new reactivity of these compounds is lacking. This personal account discusses research on the reactivity that has been overlooked in acrolein imines, including the discovery of new methods to synthesize biologically active compounds, the determination of new functions of relevant imines and their precursors, i. e., aldehydes and amines, and the application of these methods for clinical diagnosis.
Synthetic Semiconductor Photoelectrochemistry
Authors: Okada Yohei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the field of synthetic organic chemistry, photochemical and electrochemical approaches are often considered to be competing technologies that induce single electron transfer (SET). Recently, their fusion, i. e., the “photoelectrochemical” approach, has become the focus of attention. In this approach, both solar and electrical energy are used in creative combinations. Historically, the term “photoelectrochemistry” has been used in more inorganic fields, where a photovoltaic effect exhibited by semiconducting materials is employed. Semiconductors have also been studied intensively as photocatalysts; however, they recently have taken a back seat to molecular photocatalysts. In this account, we would like to revisit semiconductor photocatalysts in the field of synthetic organic chemistry to demonstrate that semiconductor “photoelectrochemical” approaches are more than mere alternatives to molecular photochemical and/or electrochemical approaches.
Immunological validation of the pharmacological and anti‐allergic action of glycyrrhetinic acid from Glycyrrhizae Radix
Authors: Hisaka Shinsuke , Murase Sachiko , Kishi Hayato , Nose Mitsuhiko 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAimGlycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is an important and active metabolite derived from glycyrrhizin (GL) in Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR) that induces anti‐allergic, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, anti‐viral, and anti‐microbial effects in vivo. To validate these beneficial actions of GA as an active compound of GR in vivo, we prepared a monoclonal antibody against GA.MethodsThe monoclonal antibody, mAb6D6, was prepared and evaluated for cross‐reactivity with GA and its analogs using competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, mAb6D6 was used to validate the anti‐allergic action of GA, which was orally administered as GL or hot water extracts of GR, in the IgE‐mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model for immediate hypersensitivity and contact hypersensitivity model.ResultsMAb6D6 specifically identified GA and had no reactivity against other oleanane‐type compounds and endogenous steroids. This antibody could neutralise the anti‐allergic action of GA in both models in which mice were orally treated with GL or extracts of GR after intravenous injection of the antibody.ConclusionMAb6D6 neutralised the activity of GA in vivo. Therefore, it is essential to analyse the role of GA from GR in Kampo medicine and elucidate its mechanism of action.
Internal inertia gradient effect on two mode magneto‐elastic wave propagation
Authors: Güven Uğur 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, two‐mode harmonic wave propagation for thick rods subjected to a transverse magnetic field is addressed. The analysis is based on the Mindlin‐Herrmann rod theory and the unified strain/inertia gradient model. The effects of the strain and inertial gradient parameters on lower and upper modes under different magnetic field intensities are presented in detail and discussed. This study also includes the single‐mode wave propagation analysis based on the Rayleigh‐Bishop rod theory, as a special case. An overview of the analysis results shows that the wave propagations in the lower and the upper modes are affected by the strain and inertial gradient parameters, as expected. However, some significant differences are observed in the effects of the internal inertial gradient parameter on these modes. In addition, this analysis reveals the relationship between the inertial gradient and cut‐off frequency.
New aspects of Argyres-Douglas theories and their dimensional reduction
Authors: Giacomelli Simone , Mekareeya Noppadol , Sacchi Matteo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Argyres-Douglas (AD) theories constitute an infinite class of superconformal field theories in four dimensions with a number of interesting properties. We study several new aspects of AD theories engineered in A-type class $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
with one irregular puncture of Type I or Type II and also a regular puncture. These include conformal manifolds, structures of the Higgs branch, as well as the three dimensional gauge theories coming from the reduction on a circle. We find that the latter admits a description in terms of a linear quiver with unitary and special unitary gauge groups, along with a number of twisted hypermultiplets. The origin of these twisted hypermultiplets is explained from the four dimensional perspective. We also propose the three dimensional mirror theories for such linear quivers. These provide explicit descriptions of the magnetic quivers of all the AD theories in question in terms of quiver diagrams with unitary gauge groups, together with a collection of free hypermultiplets. A number of quiver gauge theories presented in this paper are new and have not been studied elsewhere in the literature.
Radiative process of two entangled uniformly accelerated atoms in a thermal bath: a possible case of anti-Unruh event
Authors: Barman Subhajit , Majhi Bibhas Ranjan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We study the radiative process of two entangled two-level atoms uniformly accelerated in a thermal bath, coupled to a massless scalar field. First, by using the positive frequency Wightman function from the Minkowski modes with a Rindler transformation we provide the transition probabilities for the transitions from maximally entangled symmetric and anti-symmetric Bell states to the collective excited or ground state in (1 + 1) and (1 + 3) dimensions. We observe a possible case of anti-Unruh-like event in these transition probabilities, though the (1+1) and (1+3) dimensional results are not completely equivalent. We infer that thermal bath plays a major role in the occurrence of the anti-Unruh-like effect, as it is also present in the transition probabilities corresponding to a single detector in this case. Second, we have considered the Green’s functions in terms of the Rindler modes with the vacuum of Unruh modes for estimating the same. Here the anti-Unruh effect appears only for the transition from the anti-symmetric state to the collective excited or ground state. It is noticed that here the (1 + 1) and (1 + 3) dimensional results are equivalent, and for a single detector, we do not observe any anti-Unruh effect. This suggests that the entanglement between the states of the atoms is the main cause for the observed anti-Unruh effect in this case. In going through the investigation, we find that the transition probability for a single detector case is symmetric under the interchange between the thermal bath’s temperature and the Unruh temperature for Rindler mode analysis; whereas this is not the case for Minkowski mode. We further comment on whether this observation may shed light on the analogy between an accelerated observer and a real thermal bath. An elaborate investigation for the classifications of our observed anti-Unruh effects, i.e., either weak or strong anti-Unruh effect, is also thoroughly demonstrated.