bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of TMEM16A/ERK/NK-1 Signaling in Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons in the Development of Neuropathic Pain Induced by Spared Nerve Injury (SNI)
Authors: Chen Qinyi , Kong Liangjingyuan , Xu Zhenzhen , Cao Nan , Tang Xuechun , Gao Ruijuan , Zhang Jingrong , Deng Shiyu , Tan Chaoyang , Zhang Meng , Wang Yang , Zhang Liang , Ma Ketao , Li Li , Si Junqiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) in nociceptive neurons is an important molecular component contributing to peripheral pain transduction. The present study aimed to evaluate the role and mechanism of TMEM16A in chronic nociceptive responses elicited by spared nerve injury (SNI). In this study, SNI was used to induce neuropathic pain. Drugs were administered intrathecally. The expression and cellular localization of TMEM16A, the ERK pathway, and NK-1 in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. Behavioral tests were used to evaluate the role of TMEM16A and p-ERK in SNI-induced persistent pain and hypersensitivity. The role of TMEM16A in the hyperexcitability of primary nociceptor neurons was assessed by electrophysiological recording. The results show that TMEM16A, p-ERK, and NK-1 are predominantly expressed in small neurons associated with nociceptive sensation. TMEM16A is colocalized with p-ERK/NK-1 in DRG. TMEM16A, the MEK/ERK pathway, and NK-1 are activated in DRG after SNI. ERK inhibitor or TMEM16A antagonist prevents SNI-induced allodynia. ERK and NK-1 are downstream of TMEM16A activation. Electrophysiological recording showed that CaCC current increases and intrathecal application of T16Ainh-A01, a selective TMEM16A inhibitor, reverses the hyperexcitability of DRG neurons harvested from rats after SNI. We conclude that TMEM16A activation in DRG leads to a positive interaction of the ERK pathway with activation of NK-1 production and is involved in the development of neuropathic pain after SNI. Also, the blockade of TMEM16A or inhibition of the downstream ERK pathway or NK-1 upregulation may prevent the development of neuropathic pain.
Application of non-Gaussian multidimensional autoregressive model for climate data prediction
Authors: Broszkiewicz-Suwaj Ewa , Wyłomańska Agnieszka 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFrom the point of view of agriculture, ecology, or environmental engineering, the capability of forecasting meteorological variables in the long and short term is crucial. Short-term forecasts enabling the planning of field work in agriculture, management of mass events, or tourism are important, while long-term forecasts related to advancing climate change are also very interesting. In the literature, there are known many approaches that can be used to forecast climate time series. The most common is based on the statistical modelling of the corresponding data, and the prediction is made on the fitted model. There are known one-dimensional approaches, where single variables are modeled separately; however, in the last decade, there appears a new trend which assumes the importance of the relationship between different time series. This is the approach considered in this paper. We propose to examine the climate data (temperature and precipitation) using the multidimensional vector autoregressive model (VAR). However, because in the time series we observe non-Gaussian behaviour, the classical VAR model can not be applied and the multidimensional Gaussian noise is replaced by the$$\alpha -$$α-stable one. This model was previously analyzed by the authors in the context of financial data description where also non-Gaussian characteristics are observed. The main goal of this paper is to answer the question whether there are reasons to go from the Gaussian model to the generalized models, like$$\alpha -$$α-stable based. The second purpose is to link total precipitation data with temperature time series. In the classical approach, precipitation was treated as a variable not correlated with temperature, which, as we will show in the paper, is inconsistent with reality. We hope the presented in this paper results open new areas of interest related to climate data modelling and prediction.
Does being a coach benefit clinician-educators? Amixed methods study of faculty self-efficacy, job satisfaction and burnout
Authors: Elster Martha J. , O’Sullivan Patricia S. , Muller-Juge Virginie , Sheu Leslie , Kaiser Sunitha V. , Hauer Karen E. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction Coaching is a growing clinician-educator role. Self-efficacy is a powerful faculty motivator that is associated positively with job satisfaction and negatively with burnout. This study examines self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and burnout in coaches and other clinician-educators.
Methods We conducted a mixed methods study using a quantitative survey followed by qualitative interviews of faculty at the University of California, San Francisco. Coaches (funded 20% full-time equivalents), faculty with other funded education positions (“funded”), and faculty without funded education positions (“unfunded”) completed a 48-item survey addressing self-efficacy (teaching, professional development, and scholarship), job satisfaction, and burnout. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by post-hoc tests and chi-square tests. To elaborate quantitative results, we conducted qualitative interviews of 15 faculty and analyzed data using framework analysis.
Results 202 of 384 faculty (52.6%) responded to the survey; 187 complete surveys were analyzed. Teaching self-efficacy was similar across groups. Coaches and funded educators had significantly higher professional development self-efficacy and job satisfaction than unfunded educators. Burnout was more prevalent in coaches and unfunded educators. Qualitative analysis yielded three themes: sources of reward, academic identity, and strategies to mitigate burnout. Educator roles provide reward that enhances self-efficacy and job satisfaction but also generate competing demands. Coaches cited challenges in forming professional identities and working with struggling learners.
Discussion The coaching role provides faculty with benefits similar to other funded educator roles, but the particular demands of the coach role may contribute to burnout.
Terapia dei prolattinomi: quando sospendere?
Authors: Auriemma Renata S. , Scairati Roberta , del Vecchio Guendalina , Colao Annamaria 
Published: August 2021

SommarioLa gestione clinico-terapeutica dei pazienti con prolattinoma è basata sul trattamento con dopamino-agonisti (DA), in particolare la cabergolina, data la loro comprovata efficacia biochimica e antitumorale. Il raggiungimento di normali valori di prolattina associato alla significativa riduzione delle dimensioni tumorali, fino alla sua completa scomparsa, può suggerire l’opportunità di sospendere tale terapia nei pazienti trattati per almeno due anni. Tuttavia, è fortemente raccomandato di evitare la sospensione improvvisa del trattamento con DA e di preferire un protocollo di graduale riduzione del dosaggio di DA fino alla definitiva interruzione del trattamento, al fine di consentire la persistenza di normali valori di prolattina nel tempo. Nei pazienti con evidenza di recidiva di iperprolattinemia dopo un primo tentativo di sospensione dei DA, è possibile effettuare un secondo tentativo di sospensione dopo un ulteriore ciclo di trattamento con DA per due anni.
Health Care Burden and Expenditure Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences in Tennessee and Virginia
Authors: Okwori Glory , Stewart Steven , Quinn Megan , Lawson Delaney 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo estimate attributable burden and costs of conditions associated with exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Tennessee (TN) and Virginia (VA) during 2017. This is a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 18+ having exposure to ACEs using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Eight chronic diseases (asthma, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, cardiovascular disease, and arthritis) and two risk factors (smoking and drinking) associated with ACEs were analyzed. Pearson's chi-square tests analyzed the association between ACEs, risk factors and chronic diseases. The population attributable risks (PAR) were estimated for the ACEs related diseases and risk factors and combined with health care expenses and Disability Adjusted-Life-Years (DALYs). Among those who experienced at least 1 ACE in TN, 10% had COPD, 17% had diabetes, 36% had obesity, and 30% had depression. Individuals who experienced at least 1 ACE in VA had higher percentages for COPD, obesity and depression diseases compared to those who had no ACE (p< .0001). ACEs’ exposure resulted in a burden of about 115,000 years and 127,000 years in terms of DALYs in TN and VA, respectively. The total health spending associated with ACEs based on PARs was about $647 million ($165 per adult) and $942 million ($292 per adult) in TN and VA respectively. The total costs associated with ACEs was about $15.5 billion ($3948) per person) and $20.2 billion ($6288 per person) in TN and VA, respectively. This study emphasizes the need to reduce ACEs due to high health and financial costs.
Spider Web-Inspired Graphene Skeleton-Based High Thermal Conductivity Phase Change Nanocomposites for Battery Thermal Management
Authors: Lin Ying , Kang Qi , Wei Han , Bao Hua , Jiang Pingkai , Mai Yiu-Wing , Huang Xingyi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) can be used for efficient thermal energy harvesting, which has great potential for cost-effective thermal management and energy storage. However, the low intrinsic thermal conductivity of polymeric PCMs is a bottleneck for fast and efficient heat harvesting. Simultaneously, it is also a challenge to achieve a high thermal conductivity for phase change nanocomposites at low filler loading. Although constructing a three-dimensional (3D) thermally conductive network within PCMs can address these problems, the anisotropy of the 3D framework usually leads to poor thermal conductivity in the direction perpendicular to the alignment of fillers. Inspired by the interlaced structure of spider webs in nature, this study reports a new strategy for fabricating highly thermally conductive phase change composites (sw-GS/PW) with a 3D spider web (sw)-like structured graphene skeleton (GS) by hydrothermal reaction, radial freeze-casting and vacuum impregnation in paraffin wax (PW). The results show that the sw-GS hardly affected the phase transformation behavior of PW at low loading. Especially, sw-GS/PW exhibits both high cross-plane and in-plane thermal conductivity enhancements of ~ 1260% and ~ 840%, respectively, at an ultra-low filler loading of 2.25 vol.%. The thermal infrared results also demonstrate that sw-GS/PW possessed promising applications in battery thermal management.
Structural Design Strategies of Polymer Matrix Composites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding: A Review
Authors: Liang Chaobo , Gu Zhoujie , Zhang Yali , Ma Zhonglei , Qiu Hua , Gu Junwei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the widespread application of electronic communication technology, the resulting electromagnetic radiation pollution has been significantly increased. Metal matrix electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have disadvantages such as high density, easy corrosion, difficult processing and high price, etc. Polymer matrix EMI shielding composites possess light weight, corrosion resistance and easy processing. However, the current polymer matrix composites present relatively low electrical conductivity and poor EMI shielding performance. This review firstly discusses the key concept, loss mechanism and test method of EMI shielding. Then the current development status of EMI shielding materials is summarized, and the research progress of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites with different structures is illustrated, especially for their preparation methods and evaluation. Finally, the corresponding key scientific and technical problems are proposed, and their development trend is also prospected. "Image missing"
Relationship Between Adult Separation Anxiety and Attachment Styles and Vaginismus
Authors: Unlubilgin Eylem , Tetik Sinan , Aksoy Ihsan , Yuksel Dilek , Tekin Ozlem Moraloglu 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundVaginismus has an unknown etiology, is comorbid with anxiety, and is the most common sexual dysfunction in sexual dysfunction outpatient clinics in Turkey.AimThis study aimed to determine the frequency of adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) and styles of attachment in patients with vaginismus and to investigate its relationship with female sexual dysfunction.MethodsSixty women with vaginismus and 60 healthy controls were compared using the Relationship Scales Questionnaire, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA-27).OutcomesWe report the results of the questionnaires with their implication on the etiology of vaginismus.RESULTSSeparation anxiety and fearful and dismissive avoidance attachment style in the vaginismus group were significantly higher than in the control group. Both total FSFI scores and arousal, pain, and satisfaction subscale scores were higher in the control group.Clinical ImplicationsASAD should be evaluated and addressed separately, when necessary, in the treatment of vaginismus.Strengths & LimitationsThe relationship between ASAD and vaginismus has been shown for the first time. Study limitations included the assessment of factors influencing the study results based on self-reporting and possible recall bias.CONCLUSIONAttachment and comorbidity research in vaginismus needs to shift from just reporting disturbances, to identify various clinical variables, such as the severity of the vaginismus, response to therapy, and differences in therapeutic modalities, in terms of outcome.
Analysis of Credit Access, U.S. Agricultural Productivity, and Residual Returns to Resources
Authors: Sabasi Darlington , Shumway C. Richard , Kompaniyets Lyudmyla 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe examine the relationship credit access has had with the U.S. agricultural productivity and residual returns to resources. Our theoretical analysis suggests that limited credit access can be sufficient to prevent a representative farmer from maximizing both short- and long-run profits. Empirical results show that increased credit access is positively associated with both productivity and residual returns to resources. Our findings imply that one way to stimulate the U.S. agricultural productivity growth is to increase credit access. They also provide strong empirical support for the productivity-stimulating value of programs such as the Farm Service Agency’s Farm Loan Program.
Disability, Human Rights Violations, and Crimes Against Humanity
Authors: Pons William I. , Lord Janet E. , Stein Michael Ashley 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPersons with disabilities have historically been subjected to egregious human rights violations. Yet despite well-documented and widespread harms, one billion persons with disabilities remain largely neglected by the international laws, legal processes, and institutions that seek to redress those violations, including crimes against humanity (CAH). This Article argues for the propriety of prosecuting egregious and systemic human rights violations against persons with disabilities as a CAH, and, in addition, asserts the necessity of ensuring the accessibility of international criminal processes to those individuals. The UN Security Council's recent acknowledgement of the enhanced risk that persons with disabilities experience during armed conflict, the growing evidence of widespread human rights violations against them, and an ongoing effort to forge a UN convention on the prevention and punishment of CAH make these arguments especially timely.
Philippine private sector response, strategies, and state-business relations toward economic recovery and growth post-COVID-19
Authors: Reyes Lara Gianina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Philippines was among the fastest-growing economies averaging within the 6.5 percent GDP growth in the past five years. However, the COVID-19 crisis brought major disruptions to the Philippine economy as growth, employment, and overall productivity fell into recession levels along with the declaration of a nationwide lockdown. As the pandemic resulted in a series of business closures, supply chain breakdowns, and massive job cuts, the private sector was forced to confront the challenges brought by the pandemic including its threat to business continuity and survival. This article presents the private sector's assessment of the pandemic's impact on the Philippine economy along with their views on the national pandemic response and the extent of public-private collaborations in countering the effects of COVID-19. Following the insights and experiences shared by industry leaders and other corporate executives, this article also discusses pivots in corporate strategy along with a significant shift in corporate mindset toward new ways of doing business and fulfilling their responsibilities in society.
Financial support by older adults to family members: a configurational perspective
Authors: Baeriswyl Marie , Girardin Myriam , Oris Michel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMost research on financial inter vivos transfers from older parents to their family members is focused on the giver–receiver dyad, usually between an older parent and an adult child. This study aimed to investigate older adults' financial support beyond this level of intergenerational dyads using an egocentric network perspective (i.e., the configurational approach). Data were from a sample of 2,991 older adults (aged 65 and older) from the Vivre/Leben/Vivere study, a large survey addressing family life and health conditions of older people in Switzerland. We used Wald tests and regression analyses to identify how financial transfers are related to family network properties in later life. Findings showed that older parents' propensity to provide financial support is associated with the density of practical help exchanges within the family (mainly for men) and with the position (mainly for women) and the role they play within their family configuration.
Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media
Authors: Mather Michael W. , Powell Steven , Talks Benjamin , Ward Chris , Bingle Colin D. , Haniffa Muzlifah , Powell Jason 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Otitis media (OM) is a common reason for children to be prescribed antibiotics and undergo surgery but a thorough understanding of disease mechanisms is lacking. We evaluate the evidence of a dysregulated immune response in the pathogenesis of OM.

Methods
A comprehensive systematic review of the literature using search terms [otitis media OR glue ear OR AOM OR OME] OR [middle ear AND (infection OR inflammation)] which were run through Medline and Embase via Ovid, including both human and animal studies. In total, 82 955 studies underwent automated filtering followed by manual screening. One hundred studies were included in the review.

Results
Most studies were based on in vitro or animal work. Abnormalities in pathogen detection pathways, such as Toll-like receptors, have confirmed roles in OM. The aetiology of OM, its chronic subgroups (chronic OM, persistent OM with effusion) and recurrent acute OM is complex; however, inflammatory signalling mechanisms are frequently implicated. Host epithelium likely plays a crucial role, but the characterisation of human middle ear tissue lags behind that of other anatomical subsites.

Conclusions
Translational research for OM presently falls far behind its clinical importance. This has likely hindered the development of new diagnostic and treatment modalities. Further work is urgently required; particularly to disentangle the respective immune pathologies in the clinically observed phenotypes and thereby work towards more personalised treatments.
Comparison of metabolic, oxidative and inflammatory status of Simmental × Holstein crossbred with parental breeds during the peripartal and early lactation periods
Authors: De Matteis Giovanna , Scatà Maria Carmela , Catillo Gennaro , Grandoni Francesco , Rossi Emanuela , Meo Zilio David , Crisà Alessandra , Lopreiato Vincenzo , Trevisi Erminio , Barile Vittoria Lucia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe aim of the research reported in this paper was to evaluate plasma concentrations of energy, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of Simmental (sire) × Holstein (dam) crossbred cows, in comparison with the two parental breeds during the peripartal and early lactation periods and to estimate the effects of heterosis for these traits. Thirty-three animals, managed under the same conditions, 8 Simmental (SI), 9 Holstein (HO) and 16 crossbred (CR) cows were enrolled in this study. Glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea were determined in blood sampled at six different time points (30 ± 3 and 15 ± 3 d before the expected calving date, at calving and 15, 30 and 60 d after calving). Furthermore, derived reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), biological antioxidant potential (BAP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) were determined to evaluate inflammatory and oxidative status. Results showed that the CR group had significantly lower average values of glucose and NEFA when compared to HO group; signifcantly lower values of urea than SI group and significantly higher values of creatinine than HO. Furthermore, CR cows showed the lowest average value of d-ROMs with respect to SI and HO parental breeds. Finally, the average value of haptoglobin was significantly lower in CR and HO groups, when compared to SI group. As for the heterosis we found the highest (positive) percentage for CK (98%) and BAP (47%) and the lowest (negative) percentage for OSi (−75%) and d-ROMs (−39%). A negative percentage was also found for the glucose (−11%) and NEFA (−20%) toward the Simmental parental breed. Our results suggest a different response among the three genetic groups during the peripartal and early lactation periods. In particular, CR and SI cows seem more adaptable regarding energy metabolism and oxidative status. Heterosis led to a positive effect on those parameters in Simmental (sire) × Holstein (dam) crossbred cows F1 population (50% Simmental and 50% Holstein).
A closed-form approximation formula for pricing European options under a three-factor model
Authors: Kil Hye-mee , Kim Jeong-Hoon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe double-mean-reverting model, introduced by Gatheral [(2008). Consistent modeling of SPX and VIX options. In The Fifth World Congress of the Bachelier Finance Society London, July 18], is known to be a successful three-factor model that can be calibrated to both CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) and S&P 500 Index (SPX) options. However, the calibration of this model may be slow because there is no closed-form solution formula for European options. In this paper, we use a rescaled version of the model developed by Huh et al. [(2018). A scaled version of the double-mean-reverting model for VIX derivatives. Mathematics and Financial Economics 12: 495–515] and obtain explicitly a closed-form pricing formula for European option prices. Our formulas for the first and second-order approximations do not require any complicated calculation of integral. We demonstrate that a faster calibration result of the double-mean revering model is available and yet the practical implied volatility surface of SPX options can be produced. In particular, not only the usual convex behavior of the implied volatility surface but also the unusual concave down behavior as shown in the COVID-19 market can be captured by our formula.