bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Far from the Eyes, Close to the Heart? The Attitude of Kindergarten Teachers to Distance Learning in Kindergartens in Israel
Authors: Alezra Fani 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The coronavirus pandemic has forced the world to deal with distance learning. This article discusses distance learning in the kindergartens in Israel from the perspective of kindergarten teachers. The research was carried out after the first wave of the virus, in March 2020, and its problems was: What is the attitude of the kindergarten teachers in Israel to distance learning? The research used a linear (differential semantic) questionnaire that measures the degree to which they agree with statements related to distance learning in the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects. The questionnaire was filled out by 213 kindergarten teachers. The research attempts to conclude about the kindergarten teachers’ perception of distance learning.
Fairy Tale Protagonists in the Early Childhood Education Field in the Perspective of Children
Authors: Kaliszewska-Henczel Magdalena 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The paper explores the nature of fairy tales’ protagonists in a traditional literary fairy tale and in the modern one from the perspective of pupils who are from seven to ten years old. The fairy tales are often being used in the early childhood education field as the starting point for school plays, as play themes or as a ‘background’for language, science or mathematics activity. Children’s symbolic perception of the fairy tales’ characters and their relationships reveals that there is a way of pupils’ reception of texts in which those texts are treated (and analysed) as a work of literary art. The article presents the results of research, in which – through the application of a non-verbal method – children indicated the interactions between Cinderella from the traditional literary fairy tale and a daisy from Hans Christian Andersen’s story (The Daisy).
Happiness, Chance or Hard Work and Ambition? Primary School Students about the Determinants of Professional Success
Authors: Kozielska Joanna 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The text presents chosen results from research over the choices, aspirations and educational and career plans of young people (including some aspect of the perception of success). The chosen modules of the survey conducted in 2020 in a medium-sized city (approx. 80,000 inhabitants) are presented. The research goals were as follows: to characterize aspirations and plans as well as educational and professional choices made by young people; to present their opinions on the category of ‘success’ (including professional success) with its determinants; to characterize factors on educational paths of young people which enable or disable them to achieve professional success (technical, vocational schools vs general secondary schools) and prestigious versus non-prestigious professions; and to characterize the process of career counselling (students evaluation of the process and their expectations toward it).
Previous studies in this field have shown that, for example, personality traits are poor predictors of entrepreneurial behaviour, while beliefs and judgments about one’s self and the world may be a determinant of success. Therefore, it can be assumed that positive beliefs about the determinants of success, such as optimism, hope for success, will contribute to a more positive perception of the transition process from education to the labour market. Importantly, the way of perceiving the determinants of success determines the adoption of a passive versus active attitude in shaping one’s fate. Therefore, the author of the article is interested in the way, that primary school students perceive the life and professional success (the dimension which they use to identify success or withdrawn from this identification), as well as in the way they perceive the factors that determine it. Those students’ perceptions may determine their attitudes towards shape of their lives.
Inclusive Education – Horizons of Thinking and Acting at the “School for All”
Authors: Wojciechowska Justyna 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The aim of the article is to discuss the direction of activities of the contemporary model of education, including elementary education, where the process of inclusion plays an important role. The analysis is based on the contemporary pedagogical scientific literature and recommendations of education policy. The starting point for the considerations is that inclusion is the basis of the concept of “Education for All”. The special attention has been paid to the essence of the development of education according to Thomas Kuhn. In his considerations the importance of language and meanings at all has been emphasized. From this perspective, the roles of both seemed to be a legitimate reference point for the inclusion process. Moreover, the plans for the exchange of ideas and activities have been also indicated in the study.
Inclusion of Children with Disabilities from the Palestinian-Arab Community in the Israeli Education System
Authors: Majadley Enas 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The concept of inclusion is implemented in Israeli educational system with introduction of 1988 Special Education Law (SEL). The political, socio-cultural and economical changes improved the general status of people with disabilities in the Arab and Jewish communities. However, the Jewish education system, and the Arab education system in general differ, that applies also to the issue of special needs education. Students with disabilities representing minority groups suffer from additional barriers.
The main aim of the article is to discuss the issue of integrating students with disabilities into general education in Arab schools in Israel. The situation of children with special educational needs (mainly with intellectual disabilities) in educational system in Israel is discussed, with focus on children from Palestinian-Arab community. The Arab teachers attitudes and behaviors toward the inclusion and disability are analyzed. Although, the research within the topic is limited, the available results indicate rather negative attitudes of Arab teachers towards disabilities. This state might be partly embedded within the socio-cultural context. The further research within the topic is necessary.
ACT as Support Form for Adolescents in Building Healthy Eating Habits
Authors: Klon Weronika , Waszyńska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The aim of the article is to describe the process of the change of eating habits in adolescence in reference to the psychological flexibility theory which has its origins in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The processes of mental and physical development of teenagers are also included. The article contains descriptions of the mechanisms of formation and change of the eating habits in adolescence. This content was referred to all elements of psychological flexibility: mindfulness, values, acceptation, cognitive defusion, self as context and committed action.
Anorexia Nervosa as a Manifestation of Self-Destructive Tendencies in the Light of Selected Psychodynamic Concepts – Towards the Promotion of Knowledge among Parents and Caregivers
Authors: Cichecka-Wilk Małgorzata 
Published: June 2021

SummaryAnorexia nervosa, which is one of the forms of eating disorders, can be considered as a manifestation of a long and very complex process of self-destruction. Although its genesis is usually associated with puberty problems, it is rarely a rapid phenomenon. It should be treated rather as a kind of epilogue of one’s personal history. Malnutrition and weight control appearing in its context are in fact a manifestation of an attempt to cope with the hardships experienced by individual. Therefore, the anorexia nervosa is not just a problem of weight or eating habits, but it’s a way of manifesting the internal problem of the individual. Its form, defined by the otherwise valid canons of beauty or success, and consolidated by behaviours learned during the use of slimming diets, is revealed, however, in connection with specific personality traits. That is why the importance of people with this disorder, to a large extent, of tendencies to self-destructive behaviour, leading more or less consciously to self-destruction and in extreme cases to death, is emphasized.The article deals with the problem of anorexia nervosa as a manifestation of self-destructive tendencies and the issue of factors and mechanisms conditioning the occurrence of self-destructive behaviour from the perspective of selected psychodynamic concepts, indicating the importance of the issue for the care and educational processes.
From Idea to Presentation to Publication. Papers of the Forum of Young Pedagogues at the Pedagogical Sciences Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Authors: Czerepaniak-Walczak Maria , Bochno Ewa 
Published: June 2021

Summary
The aim of the article is to introduce / recall the idea of Prof. Maria Dudzikowa, who for a quarter of a century was the head of the Summer Schools of Young Pedagogues at KNP PAN, what is and what role does the work on the Forum of Young Pedagogues as an experience in writing scientific texts and editing collective works.
Early-Season Effects of Wildfire on Soil Nutrients and Weed Diversity in Two Plantations
Authors: Oyedeji S. , Agboola O.O. , Oriolowo T.S. , Animasaun D.A. , Fatoba P.O. , Isichei A.O. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study assessed early-season effects of spontaneous wildfires on soil fertility and weed diversity in two managed plantations – cashew and teak – in Ilorin, Nigeria. Soil pH and nutrients in the topsoils and subsoils of burned and unburned plantations plots after a spontaneous wildfire were analysed. Species diversity and similarity were determined based on the composition and abundances of weed flora two months post-fire. The fire effects on soil nutrients and weed composition in the plantations were evaluated using the canonical correspondence analysis. Burns incidence significantly improved the organic carbon, organic matter, and Ca contents while reducing total N and Mg in both plantations. Twenty-eight weed species were distributed in 9 angiosperm families. Fire differently affected weed composition, abundance and diversity in the plantations. Burning improved soil organic carbon and organic matter contents and restricted Tephrosia bracteolata, Desmodium tortuosum, Daniellia oliveri, Senna obtusifolia and Zornia latifolia to the burned cashew plantation. The occurrence of Euphorbia heterophylla, Eriosema psoraleoides and Crotalaria retusa in the burned teak plantation was associated with a direct fire effect on soil Na and Ca contents. Burning influenced soil nutrients in the studied plantations, but weed diversity increased in the teak plantation and was reduced in the cashew plantation.
Lipid Globules and Fatty Acids in Milk of Lactating Raccoon (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
Authors: Szeleszczuk O. , Kilar P. , Maj D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, milk samples (n=52) from nine healthy female raccoons at 3–45 days of lactation were manually collected at a regular morning hour from all active teats and used to investigate the changes of lipid globules size, fatty acids (FAs) profile and fat content.The results indicated that raccoon milk is characterized by a high fat content. Small lipid globules sizing up to 6 µm prevailed with their greatest share in milk during lactation phases I and III. The milk fat content was increasing with the proceeding lactation, whereas the content of free FAs had a decreasing tendency. Totally eighteen FAs were identified in raccoon milk. The unsaturated long-chain C18–C20 FAs were dominating (over 60%). The individual FAs contents in raccoon milk did not exceed 1%, except for palmitic, vaccenic and linoleic acids representing over 20% of the total FA content.The study results can be used for establishing the energy requirements during the suckling period for proper growth and development of puppies.
Spatio-Temporal Systems in Shakespeare’s Dialogues: A Case from Julius Caesar
Authors: Nakayasu Minako 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to conduct the first systematic analysis of the spatio-temporal systems in Shakespeare’s dialogues along the lines of historical pragmatics and discourse analysis. The text used for analysis is The Riverside Shakespeare edited by Evans (1997).
Language employs spatio-temporal systems by which the speakers judge how distant the situations they wish to express are from their domain. Such relationships of space and time are embodied by spatio-temporal elements such as pronouns, demonstratives, adverbs, tenses, and modals, with a proximal (close) and distal (distant) distinction. These elements can be related to each other to take either a proximal or distal perspective not only in either the spatial or temporal domain, but also in the integrated spatio-temporal domain. The speakers can continue to take the same perspective, or alternate different perspectives, in discourse. However, few studies have attempted such a comprehensive analysis of spatio-temporal systems in the development of English, not to mention in its Early Modern period.
This paper performs both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the spatio-temporal systems in Julius Caesar. First, a quantitative analysis of how frequently each element of space and time is employed shows which perspective, i.e., proximal or distal, is likely to be taken. Second, a qualitative analysis reveals how these elements are related with each other to take either proximal or distal perspective, and how these perspectives change in discourse. In these analyses, the present paper pays attention to the interactions between the interlocutors in order to investigate how these interactions in dialogues impact the selection of elements of space and time.
A Lesson for Covidiots1,2About Some Contact Induced Borrowing of American English Morphological Processes Into Dutch
Authors: Hamans Camiel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses morphological borrowing from American-English to Dutch. Three processes of non-morphemic word formation are studied: embellished clipping (AfrofromAfrican), libfixing (extracting segments from opaque wordforms such -topiafromutopiaand -(po)calypsefromapocalypse) and blending (stagflation<stagnation+inflation). It will be shown that the borrowing of these processes started with borrowing of English lexical material followed by a process of reinterpretation, which subsequently led to the (re-)introduction of the processes in Dutch. Therefore, the traditional distinction between MAT and PAT borrowing turns out to be inadequate. Instead of a clear-cut difference between lexical and morphological borrowing a borrowing cline will be proposed. The respective ends of this cline are MAT and PAT.
Tadzhikistan-Russia: Geopolitical Relations at the Turn of the Century
Authors: Saidzoda Z. S. 
Published: June 2021

RETRACTEDIn this article the writer analyses the development peculiarities of the Tajik-Russian geopolitical relations during the establishment of Tajikistan foreign policy up to the commencement of multi-vector «open doors» policy in 2003-2004. Since the establishment of peace and stability in Tajikistan beginning from the year of 2000 the socio-economic development issues have been set as prior actions. To boost the economy, attraction of foreign investments, creation of new jobs and improvement of life standard of population were the issues to address. Political leaders of Tajikistan had no right to waste time making no headway. The country inevitably faced the issue of diversification of interstate and foreign economic relations, including outside the CIS. The article highlights that the foreign «open door» policy declared at the turn of2002-2003 implied mandatory modernization of the Tajik-Russian cooperation through strengthening its economic and human dimensions, adjusting the strategic partnership and alliance between the two states to the new global political realities. As to the geopolitical and military-political priorities, which Tajikistan had firmly adhered throughout the entire 1990th since its Independence, they actually remained unchanged even after 2002. The author points out the long-term Russian presence in the form of a large scale military base and military infrastructure on the territory of Tajikistan. The Republic is one of the most consistent, active and disciplined members of the Collective Security Treaty Organization. During the first decade of the XXI century the political leaders of Tajikistan had been receiving offers from foreign non CIS countries with regard to deployment of military facilities on a fee basis on the territory of Tajikistan which were not even considered by the Government. Thus, the multi-vector foreign policy of «open doors» has been reflected in diversification of the international relations of Tajikistan, in demonopolization of trade and economic priorities, in attraction of foreign investments and military-technical assistance from the third countries (other than CIS and CSTO countries) but completely preserving the geopolitical and military-political priorities established until 2002.
KEY ASPECTS OF CORPORATE FINANCIAL SOUNDNESS
Authors: Sotneva Y. D. 
Published: June 2021

With increasing role of transnational corporation (TNC) questions of corporate financial soundness analysis and prediction methods are gaining momentum. This article highlights the key aspects of financial soundness of corporations. The author compared the economic notion of financial soundness in theory and in practice. Also, specified the concept of financial soundness («stability», «sustainability», «solvency», «soundness», «financial distress) used in Russia and internationally. The existing academic approach in terms of financial soundness assessment is different from the view of international organizations and corporations. The article stated that Russian researches in general see financial soundness as a mix of liquidity and solvency whereas in practice the financial soundness is a more multivariate concept. International Monetary Fund, Ministry of Regional Development and Central Bank of Russia extend the concept of financial soundness adding the profitability and specific ration into the analysis. Foreign authors use different models of financial soundness ranging from statistical, mathematical to special ratings. In practice there is also no definitive understanding of financial soundness based on the analysis of financial information of Rosneft, Alrosa, and Tatneft.Compared Russian and foreign academic approach, government and international instructions of IMF, Ministry of Regional Development and Central Bank of Russia and stated the main characteristics of financial soundness, an author gives its definition.
Machine Acting and Contract Law – The Disruptive Factor of Artificial Intelligence for the Freedom Concept of the Private Law
Authors: Koos Stefan 
Published: June 2021

Technologic evolutions of the last two decades, such as the development of the internet, had a strong disruptive effect to the society and the economy. However, because of the flexible concepts of the civil law codifications a disruptive effect in the private law until now did not exist. Especially the legal consequences of the internet were integrated into the private law without bigger categorial or structural changes. This applies equally to most of the cases of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent times. With more advanced development of AI-systems, though, it may not be possible anymore to apply the traditional terms of the private law to the use of AI without leaving the constitutional law background of the private law. This article discusses the impact of the use of a future advanced independent AI on the concept of the private autonomy in the contract law. Furthermore, it gives an overview on the new legislative approach of a human centric use of AI in the European Union.
The factor analysis of demographic, purchasing behaviour, and customer satisfaction of budget hotel
Authors: Simangunsong Eliot 
Published: June 2021

Budget hotels are growing in Indonesia because of the increased number of business travelers and budget travelers. Nevertheless, budget hotels face increasingly fierce competition to attract customers and sustain growth. This research aims to identify factors that determine budget hotels' guest satisfaction. A quantitative approach with the survey as a research instrument has been applied and collected 363 respondents. Data analysis using SPSS shows that monthly spending, frequency of staying, and lifestyle factors are the main determinants of visitor's decision to stay in a budget hotel. This result indicates that the more prudent the visitor lifestyle, the more likely they will remain at a budget hotel. Furthermore, the Friedman test shows the degree of importance of each factor influencing guest satisfaction in a budget hotel. A posthoc analysis with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (Bonferroni correction applied) found that cleanliness, price, and location become the utmost important factors determining guest satisfaction.
Analisis Pengaruh Financial Literacy, Future Orientation, Usia dan Gender terhadap Perencanaan Dana Pensiun PNS di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Sandra Kurnia Dwi , Kautsar Achmad 
Published: June 2021

Retirement planning is an important thing that should be a concern and implemented by every working people to achieve their happiness in retirement years, especially in countries like Indonesia, which experience a significant increase in the number of elderly each year. Focus on civil servants who are guaranteed pension funds from the government, each year, the number of workers who enter retirement age. This research aims to determine the effect of financial literacy, future orientation, age, and gender on retirement planning. The research sample is 110 respondents who are civil servants in Surabaya—collecting data by online questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression by SPSS. This research results in financial literacy and future orientation positively affecting retirement planning. In contrast, the variables age and gender did not affect retirement planning.
Developing Written Mathematics Communication through Solving Analogous Problems
Authors: Ningtyas Eka Zulia , Ekawati Rooselyna 
Published: June 2021

Developing mathematics communication, especially in writing is needed considering that communication is one of the objectives of learning mathematics which can describe students understanding so that effective strategies are needed to develop it. One of problem solving strategies that can measures written mathematics communication is solving the analogous problem. This research aims to describe the analogous problem in developing mathematics communication especially in written communication. This research was a qualitative type through a student-written test about solving target problem using analogous problems and interview. The result showed solving analogous problems gave students understanding to be able to do the target question correctly also easier than before and it effected students could communicate the correct solutions accurately, effectively and completely in writing. So it can be said that solving analogous problems develops written mathematics communication ability of student effectively.