bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsidence prediction of overburden strata and ground surface in shallow coal seam mining
Authors: Cao Jian , Huang Qingxiang , Guo Lingfei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractShallow coal seam with thick soil layer is widely reserved in the Jurassic Coalfield, Western China, mining-induced subsidence represents complex characteristics. Combining with physical simulation, theoretical analysis and in-situ observation, the overburden strata structure in dip direction were revealed, and the subsidence prediction models were established, based on this, the subsidence equations of overburden strata and ground surface were proposed. The results show that after shallow coal seam mining, based on the subsidence and movement characteristics, the overburden strata structure can be divided into three zones, which are "boundary pillar F-shape zone" (BPZ), "trapezoid goaf zone" (TGZ) and "coal pillar inverted trapezoidal zone" (CPZ). The subsidence of overburden strata depends on the key stratum, while the subsidence of soil layer depends on the bedrock subsidence basin, which is between the bedrock and thick soil layer. The bedrock subsidence is mainly related to mining height and bulking coefficient in TGZ, while it is mainly affected by mining height and distribution load on the key stratum in BPZ and CPZ. According to physical simulation and theoretical model, the maximum surface subsidence of No.1-2 seam mining in Ningtiaota coal mine are 1.1 m and 1.07 m respectively, which is basically consistence with the result of in-situ observation (1.2 m).
MWCNT/rGO/natural rubber latex dispersions for innovative, piezo-resistive and cement-based composite sensors
Authors: Verdolotti L. , Santillo C. , Rollo G. , Romanelli G. , Lavorgna M. , Liguori B. , Lama G. C. , Preziosi E. , Senesi R. , Andreani C. , di Prisco M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study is focused on the development and characterization of innovative cementitious-based composite sensors. In particular, multifunctional cement mortars with enhanced piezoresistive properties are realized by exploiting the concept of confinement of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) in a three-dimensional percolated network through the use of a natural-rubber latex aqueous dispersion. The manufactured cement-based composites were characterized by means of Inelastic Neutron Scattering to assess the hydration reactions and the interactions between natural rubber and the hydrated-cement phases and by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray diffraction to evaluate the morphological and mineralogical structure, respectively. Piezo-resistive properties to assess electro-mechanical behavior in strain condition are also measured. The results show that the presence of natural rubber latex allows to obtain a three-dimensional rGO/MWCNTs segregate structure which catalyzes the formation of hydrated phases of the cement and increases the piezo-resistive sensitivity of mortar composites, representing a reliable approach in developing innovative mortar-based piezoresistive strain sensors.
Molecular interpretation of the carbon nitride performance as a template for the transport of anti-cancer drug into the biological membrane
Authors: Zaboli Ameneh , Raissi Heidar , Farzad Farzaneh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEvaluation of interaction mechanism between 2-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials and cell membranes is a critical issue in providing guidelines for biomedical applications. Recent progress in computer-aided molecular design tools, especially molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, afford a cost-effective approach to achieving this goal. In this work, based on this hypothesis, by utilizing theoretical methods including MD simulation and free energy calculations, a process is evaluated in which the Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded onto carbon nitride (CN) nanosheet faced with bilayer membrane. It should be mentioned that to achieve an efficient CN-based drug delivery system (DDS), in the first place, the intermolecular interaction between the carrier and DOX is investigated. The obtained results show that the DOX prefers a parallel orientation with respect to the CN surface via the formation of π–π stacking and H-bond interactions. Furthermore, the adsorption energy value between the drug and the carrier is evaluated at about − 312 kJ/mol. Moreover, the investigation of the interaction between the CN-DOX complex and the membrane reveals that due to the presence of polar heads in the lipid bilayer, the contribution of electrostatic energy is higher than the van der Waals energy. The global minimum in free energy surface of the DDS is located between the head groups of the cell membrane. Overall, it can be concluded that the CN nanosheet is a suitable candidate for transfer and stabilize DOX on the membrane.
Using machine learning for predicting intensive care unit resource use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark
Authors: Lorenzen Stephan Sloth , Nielsen Mads , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Perner Anders , Thorsen-Meyer Hans-Christian , Igel Christian , Sillesen Martin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has put massive strains on hospitals, and tools to guide hospital planners in resource allocation during the ebbs and flows of the pandemic are urgently needed. We investigate whether machine learning (ML) can be used for predictions of intensive care requirements a fixed number of days into the future. Retrospective design where health Records from 42,526 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients in Denmark was extracted. Random Forest (RF) models were trained to predict risk of ICU admission and use of mechanical ventilation after n days (n = 1, 2, …, 15). An extended analysis was provided for n = 5 and n = 10. Models predicted n-day risk of ICU admission with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) between 0.981 and 0.995, and n-day risk of use of ventilation with an ROC-AUC between 0.982 and 0.997. The corresponding n-day forecasting models predicted the needed ICU capacity with a coefficient of determination (R2) between 0.334 and 0.989 and use of ventilation with an R2 between 0.446 and 0.973. The forecasting models performed worst, when forecasting many days into the future (for large n). For n = 5, ICU capacity was predicted with ROC-AUC 0.990 and R2 0.928, and use of ventilator was predicted with ROC-AUC 0.994 and R2 0.854. Random Forest-based modelling can be used for accurate n-day forecasting predictions of ICU resource requirements, when n is not too large.
Postnatal development in a marsupial model, the fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata; Dasyuromorphia: Dasyuridae)
Authors: Cook Laura E. , Newton Axel H. , Hipsley Christy A. , Pask Andrew J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMarsupials exhibit unique biological features that provide fascinating insights into many aspects of mammalian development. These include their distinctive mode of reproduction, altricial stage at birth, and the associated heterochrony that is required for their crawl to the pouch and teat attachment. Marsupials are also an invaluable resource for mammalian comparative biology, forming a distinct lineage from the extant placental and egg-laying monotreme mammals. Despite their unique biology, marsupial resources are lagging behind those available for placentals. The fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) is a laboratory based marsupial model, with simple and robust husbandry requirements and a short reproductive cycle making it amenable to experimental manipulations. Here we present a detailed staging series for the fat-tailed dunnart, focusing on their accelerated development of the forelimbs and jaws. This study provides the first skeletal developmental series on S. crassicaudata and provides a fundamental resource for future studies exploring mammalian diversification, development and evolution.
Selectivity of Lewy body protein interactions along the aggregation pathway of α-synuclein
Authors: Leitão André D. G. , Rudolffi-Soto Paulina , Chappard Alexandre , Bhumkar Akshay , Lau Derrick , Hunter Dominic J. B. , Gambin Yann , Sierecki Emma 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) follows a cascade of oligomeric, prefibrillar and fibrillar forms, culminating in the formation of Lewy Bodies (LB), the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s Disease. Although LB contain over 70 proteins, the potential for interactions along the aggregation pathway of α-SYN is unknown. Here we propose a map of interactions of 65 proteins against different species of α-SYN. We measured binding to monomeric α-SYN using AlphaScreen, a sensitive nano-bead luminescence assay for detection of protein interactions. To access oligomeric species, we used the pathological mutants of α-SYN (A30P, G51D and A53T) which form oligomers with distinct properties. Finally, we generated amyloid fibrils from recombinant α-SYN. Binding to oligomers and fibrils was measured by two-color coincidence detection (TCCD) on a single molecule spectroscopy setup. Overall, we demonstrate that LB components are recruited to specific steps in the aggregation of α-SYN, uncovering future targets to modulate aggregation in synucleinopathies.
Callyspongiolide kills cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction via cellular iron depletion
Authors: Ha Jaeyoung , Park Seung Bum 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe highly cytotoxic marine natural product callyspongiolide holds great promise as a warhead of antibody-drug conjugate in cancer therapeutics; however, the mechanism underlying its cytotoxicity remains unclear. To elucidate how callyspongiolide kills cells, we employed label-free target identification with thermal stability-shift-based fluorescence difference in two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis (TS-FITGE), which allowed observation of a unique phenomenon of protein-spot separation on 2-D gels upon treatment with callyspongiolide at increasing temperatures. During our exploration of what proteins were associated with this phenomenon as well as why it happens, we found that callyspongiolide induces mitochondrial/lysosomal dysfunction and autophagy inhibition. Moreover, molecular biology studies revealed that callyspongiolide causes lysosomal dysfunction, which induces cellular iron depletion and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cytotoxicity. Notably, these effects were rescued through iron supplementation. Although our approach was unable to reveal the direct protein targets of callyspongiolide, unique phenomena observed only by TS-FITGE provided critical insight into the mechanism of action of callyspongiolide and specifically its cytotoxic activity via induction of mitochondrial dysfunction through cellular iron depletion caused by lysosomal deacidification, which occurred independent of known programmed cell death pathways.
Particle-hole asymmetry in the dynamical spin and charge responses of corner-shared 1D cuprates
Authors: Li Shaozhi , Nocera Alberto , Kumar Umesh , Johnston Steven 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough many experiments imply that oxygen orbitals play an essential role in the high-temperature superconducting cuprates, their precise role in collective spin and charge excitations and superconductivity is not yet fully understood. Here, we study the doping-dependent dynamical spin and charge structure factors of single and multi-orbital (pd) models for doped one-dimensional corner-shared spin-chain cuprates using several numerically exact methods. In doing so, we determine the orbital composition of the collective spin and charge excitations of cuprates, with important implications for our understanding of these materials. For example, we observe a particle-hole asymmetry in the orbital-resolved charge excitations, which is directly relevant to resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments and not captured by the single-band Hubbard model. Our results imply that one must explicitly include the oxygen degrees of freedom in order to fully understand some experimental observations on cuprate materials.
Tropical cyclones near landfall can induce their own intensification through feedbacks on radiative forcing
Authors: Lok Charlie C. F. , Chan Johnny C. L. , Toumi Ralf 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRapid intensification of near-landfall tropical cyclones is very difficult to predict, and yet has far-reaching consequences due to their disastrous impact to the coastal areas. The focus for improving predictions of rapid intensification has so far been on environmental conditions. Here we use the Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System to simulate tropical cyclones making landfall in South China: Nida (2016), Hato (2107) and Mangkhut (2018). Two smaller storms (Hato and Nida) undergo intensification, which is induced by the storms themselves through their extensive subsidence ahead of the storms, leading to clear skies and strong solar heating of the near-shore sea water over a shallow continental shelf. This heating provides latent heat to the storms, and subsequently intensification occurs. In contrast, such heating does not occur in the larger storm (Mangkhut) due to its widespread cloud cover. This results imply that to improve the prediction of tropical cyclone intensity changes prior to landfall, it is necessary to correctly simulate the short-term evolution of near-shore ocean conditions.
Nicht verstecken!
Authors: Jürgens Ute 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungWer sich der eigenen Fähigkeiten nicht bewusst ist, empfindet gut Gelungenes leicht als Zufall. Viele Kollegen stellen ihr Licht unter den Scheffel, trauen sich weniger zu als sie können und leisten weniger, als es ihnen tatsächlich möglich ist.
Psychoonkologie 2021 – ein ganzheitliches Behandlungskonzept
Authors: Muth Christiana 
Published: September 2021

Was ist neu?
Was ist, will und kann die Psychoonkologie Der Beitrag stellt eine in Deutschland einmalige Organisationsstruktur für die psychoonkologische Behandlung von Krebspatienten vor, in der professionelle therapeutische Unterstützung durch Praktiker verschiedenster Professionen „unter einem Dach“ geleistet wird. Eine erfolgreiche psychoonkologische Behandlung hat einen positiven Einfluss auf die gesamte Behandlungscompliance und damit auf den umfassenden Behandlungserfolg. Psychoonkologie kann den Patienten helfen, den Wert ihres Lebens zu erkennen und unabhängig von der verbleibenden Lebenszeit das Leben lebenswert zu gestalten. Dieser Anspruch erfordert für den psychoonkologischen Ansatz ein ganzheitliches Therapieangebot, das auch existenzielle und Trauma-orientierte Dimensionen in die Behandlung einbezieht.
Modellvorhaben POLKA 2.0
Authors:   POLKA
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag knüpft an die Darstellung „POLKA – ein Modellvorhaben zur Prävention in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen“ 1 an. Der folgende Beitrag erläutert die Entwicklung aus dem Zeitraum Juli 2019 bis März 2021. Das Modellvorhaben POLKA wurde in dieser Laufzeit durch weitere Maßnahmen ergänzt. Ergänzt wurden Module zur Digitalisierung, Module zur Erlangung einer ernährungsbezogenen Gesundheitskompetenz sowie die inhaltlichen Module „Osteoporose/Sturzprävention“ und „bewegungsbezogene Achtsamkeit“.
Interventionsbedürftige Epistaxis nasi nach
SARS-CoV-2-Abstrich
Authors: Martin Melanie , Greve Jens , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Hahn Janina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Einleitung Seit Mai 2020 wurden die ersten POC Tests für die
SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostik angeboten, welche mit der Notwendigkeit des
nasopharyngealen Abstrichs verbunden waren. Aufgrund des langen Arbeitskanals
durch die Nasenhaupthöhle besteht das Risiko einer Schleimhautverletzung
mit konsekutiver Epistaxis.
Methodik Wir beschreiben den Krankheitsverlauf zweier Patientinnen, bei
denen es nach extern durchgeführtem nasopharyngealen Test zu einer
massiven interventionspflichtigen Epistaxis nasi kam.
Ergebnisse Bei einer Patientin musste nach frustraner Nasentamponade eine
endonasale Blutstillung in Intubationsnarkose durchgeführt werden. Bei
einer zweiten Patientin kam es zu einer Hb-relevanten Epistaxis nasi mit
hämorrhagischem Schock. Sie wurde intubiert und beatmet
stationär übernommen.
Schlussfolgerung Der transnasale Test in der SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostik
führt in seltenen Fällen zu lebensbedrohlichen Komplikationen.
Aufgrund der weltweit über 5 Millionen täglich
durchgeführten Tests im Rahmen der aktuellen Pandemie sind
Komplikationen nicht zu vernachlässigen. Es ist unverzichtbar, dass die
den Abstrich durchführende Person die Anatomie detailliert kennt.
Alternative Testmethoden werden bezüglich ihrer Sensitivität
weiter beurteilt. Hinsichtlich der auch zukünftig bestehenden
Notwendigkeit von SARS-CoV-2-Tests ist eine weitere Etablierung alternativer und
risikoärmerer Testverfahren unerlässlich.
Oxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones by Organophotocatalysis Using Rhodamine 6G under Visible Light Irradiation: Insight into the Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Yoshioka Eito , Takahashi Hiroki , Miyabe Hideto , Wanibe Hikari , Hontani Yukina , Hatsuse Kouki , Shimizu Remi , Kawashima Akira , Kohtani Shigeru 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe oxidative transformation of α,β-unsaturated ketones was investigated under visible-light-induced photocatalytic conditions using rhodamine 6G as an organophotocatalyst. In this organocatalysis, the mild co-oxidant bromotrichloromethane (BrCCl3) acts not only as a quencher toward the activated photocatalyst species, having reductant properties, but also as a brominating reagent for the intermediate radicals. This study shows that bromine atom transfer from BrCCl3 to intermediate radicals is a key step in the reaction mechanism of our oxidation method.
The Impact of COVID-19 Related Disruption on Injury Rates in Elite
Men’s Domestic Cricket
Authors: Goggins Luke , Peirce Nicholas , Griffin Steve , Langley Ben , Jowitt Hannah , McKay Carly , Stokes Keith A. , Williams Sean 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 enforced prolonged
training disruption and shortened competitive season, on in-season injury and
illness rates. Injury incidence and percent proportion was calculated for the
2020 elite men’s senior domestic cricket season and compared to a
historical average from five previous regular seasons (2015 to 2019 inclusive).
The injury profile for the shortened 2020 season was generally equivalent to
what would be expected in a regular season, except for a significant increase in
medical illness as a proportion of time loss (17% compared to historic
average of 6%) and in-season days lost (9% compared to historic
average of 3%) due to COVID-19 related instances (most notably
precautionary isolation due to contact with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19
case). There was a significant increase in the proportion of in-season days lost
to thigh injuries (24% compared to 9%) and a significant
decrease in the proportion of days lost to hand (4% compared to
12%) and lumbar spine (7% compared to 21%) injuries.
These findings enhance understanding of the impact prolonged period of training
disruption and shortened season can have on cricket injuries and the challenges
faced by practitioners under such circumstances.
The Surgeon Mentor Program: Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty via the Direct Anterior Approach
Authors: Jiang Melinda , Inglis Mark , Morris David , Eardley-Harris Nathan , Wilson Christopher J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip arthroplasty has been increasing in popularity due to potential benefits including less pain, faster recovery, decreased risk of dislocation, and a reduced length of stay. The DAA has been described by many to have a steep learning curve owing to its greater risk of complications when first using the approach. The primary aim of this study was to design and implement a specific surgeon mentor program in an attempt to reduce the learning curve of the DAA. Surgeons completed the surgical education and mentoring program designed to reduce the initial increase in complication rate when first learning the DAA in a public hospital setting. A retrospective review of clinical and radiological outcomes on the first 67 cases was then conducted. Of these, 43 cases were eligible for inclusion. The 43 patients in this study had a mean age of 66.7, BMI of 26.7, and 57% of them were female. Follow-up was between 39 and 49 months, with a mean of 46 months. There were no fractures, dislocations, or blood transfusions. One patient required revision for deep infection. The mean length of stay was 2.81 days. At 6 weeks postoperative, 86% were independently mobile, 9.3% were using a cane, and 4.7% were being weaned off a walker. The radiological assessments found a mean cup abduction of 39.9 ± 5.1 degrees, mean femoral offset of 1.6 ± 5.5 mm, and a total hip offset of 1.3 ± 7 mm greater than the contralateral hip. Patients had a mean leg length discrepancy of −0.9 ± 5.9 mm. In conclusion, a surgeon mentoring program was designed and implemented to reduce the learning curve of the DAA in our center, with satisfactory 3-year clinical and radiological outcomes achieved. This study provides preliminary support for the potential utility of the mentoring program in facilitating other centers in safely introducing the DAA into their practice without an initial increase in complication rate.
Evaporation characteristics of metallic materials for vacuum electron devices
Authors: Liu Yanwen , Wang Guojian , Tian Hong , Li Fen , Wang Xiaoxia 
Published: September 2021

Evaporation properties of Monel and stainless-steel alloy materials that are widely applied in microwave vacuum electron devices have been studied by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ToFMS) as their evaporants has an immediate impact on their lifetime and reliability. The composition and sizes of evaporants of Monel and stainless steel have been determined. Minor evaporation of Mn, Cu, and Cr in Monel and stainless steel occurred at ∼800°C, which is much lower than the melting points of Mn, Cu, and Cr, and evaporation of Mn, Cu, and Cr increased with increasing temperature. Experimental results show that ToFMS is a very fast testing method for researching metallic material evaporation. At 900°C, substantial changes occurred in the surface microstructures of Monel and stainless steel as high porosity and many grain boundaries were observed. With increasing treatment time, grain boundaries gradually became larger, decreasing material strength and leading to outgassing or even air leakage. Such phenomena have been analyzed based on relevant theory, and appropriate feasible methods for use of metallic materials have been discussed from the perspective of vacuum device design and process control.
Dim light in the evening causes coordinated realignment of circadian rhythms, sleep, and short-term memory
Authors: Tam Shu K. E. , Brown Laurence A. , Wilson Tatiana S. , Tir Selma , Fisk Angus S. , Pothecary Carina A. , van der Vinne Vincent , Foster Russell G. , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V. , Bannerman David M. , Harrington Mary E. , Peirson Stuart N. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
In modern societies, people are regularly exposed to artificial light (e.g., light-emitting electronic devices). Dim light in the evening (DLE) imposes an artificial extension of the solar day, increasing our alertness before bedtime, delaying melatonin timing and sleep onset, and increasing sleepiness in the next morning. Using laboratory mice as a model organism, we show that 2 wk of 4-h, 20-lux DLE postpones rest–activity rhythms, delays molecular rhythms in the brain and body, and reverses the diurnal pattern of short-term memory performance. These results highlight the biological impact of DLE and emphasize the need to optimize our evening light exposure if we are to avoid shifting our biological clocks.