bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal dynamics of tree xylem water isotopes: in situ monitoring and modeling
Authors: Seeger Stefan , Weiler Markus 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. We developed a setup for a fully automated, high-frequency in situ monitoring
system of the stable water isotope deuterium and 18O in soil water and
tree xylem. The setup was tested for 12 weeks within an isotopic labeling
experiment during a large artificial sprinkling experiment including three
mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees. Our setup allowed for
one measurement every 12–20 min, enabling us to obtain about seven
measurements per day for each of our 15 in situ probes in the soil and tree
xylem. While the labeling induced an abrupt step pulse in the soil water
isotopic signature, it took 7 to 10 d until the isotopic signatures at
the trees' stem bases reached their peak label concentrations and it took
about 14 d until the isotopic signatures at 8 m stem height
leveled off around the same values. During the experiment, we observed the
effects of several rain events and dry periods on the xylem water isotopic
signatures, which fluctuated between the measured isotopic signatures observed
in the upper and lower soil horizons. In order to explain our observations,
we combined an already existing root water uptake (RWU) model with a newly
developed approach to simulate the propagation of isotopic signatures from the
root tips to the stem base and further up along the stem. The key to a proper
simulation of the observed short-term dynamics of xylem water isotopes was
accounting for sap flow velocities and the flow path length distribution
within the root and stem xylem. Our modeling framework allowed us to identify
parameter values that relate to root depth, horizontal root distribution and
wilting point. The insights gained from this study can help to improve the
representation of stable water isotopes in trees within ecohydrological models
and the prediction of transit time distribution and water age of transpiration
fluxes.
WAP-1D-VAR v1.0: development and evaluation of a one-dimensional variational data assimilation model for the marine ecosystem along the West Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Kim Hyewon Heather , Luo Ya-Wei , Ducklow Hugh W. , Schofield Oscar M. , Steinberg Deborah K. , Doney Scott C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a rapidly warming region, with
substantial ecological and biogeochemical responses to the observed change
and variability for the past decades, revealed by multi-decadal observations
from the Palmer Antarctica Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program. The
wealth of these long-term observations provides an important resource for
ecosystem modeling, but there has been a lack of focus on the development
of numerical models that simulate time-evolving plankton dynamics over the
austral growth season along the coastal WAP. Here, we introduce a
one-dimensional variational data assimilation planktonic ecosystem model (i.e., the
WAP-1D-VAR v1.0 model) equipped with a model
parameter optimization scheme. We first demonstrate the modified and newly
added model schemes to the pre-existing food web and biogeochemical
components of the other ecosystem models that WAP-1D-VAR model was adapted
from, including diagnostic sea-ice forcing and trophic interactions specific
to the WAP region. We then present the results from model experiments where
we assimilate 11 different data types from an example Palmer LTER growth
season (October 2002–March 2003) directly related to corresponding model
state variables and flows between these variables. The iterative data
assimilation procedure reduces the misfits between observations
and model results by 58 %, compared to before optimization, via an optimized set of
12 parameters out of a total of 72 free parameters. The optimized model results
capture key WAP ecological features, such as blooms during seasonal sea-ice
retreat, the lack of macronutrient limitation, and modeled variables and
flows comparable to other studies in the WAP region, as well as several
important ecosystem metrics. One exception is that the model slightly
underestimates particle export flux, for which we discuss potential
underlying reasons. The data assimilation scheme of the WAP-1D-VAR model
enables the available observational data to constrain previously poorly
understood processes, including the partitioning of primary production by
different phytoplankton groups, the optimal chlorophyll-to-carbon ratio of
the WAP phytoplankton community, and the partitioning of dissolved organic
carbon pools with different lability. The WAP-1D-VAR model can be
successfully employed to link the snapshots collected by the available data
sets together to explain and understand the observed dynamics along the
coastal WAP.
Compound flood potential from storm surge and heavy precipitation in coastal China: dependence, drivers, and impacts
Authors: Fang Jiayi , Wahl Thomas , Fang Jian , Sun Xun , Kong Feng , Liu Min 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The interaction between storm surge and concurrent precipitation is poorly understood in many coastal regions. This paper investigates the potential compound effects from these two flooding drivers along the coast of China for the first time by using the most comprehensive records of storm surge and precipitation. Statistically significant dependence between flooding drivers exists at the majority of locations that are analysed, but the strength of the correlation varies spatially and temporally and depending on how extreme events are defined. In general, we find higher dependence at the south-eastern tide gauges (TGs) (latitude < 30∘ N) compared to the northern TGs. Seasonal variations in the dependence are also evident. Overall there are more sites with significant dependence in the tropical cyclone (TC) season, especially in the summer. Accounting for past sea level rise further increases the dependence between flooding drivers, and future sea level rise will hence likely lead to an increase in the frequency of compound events. We also find notable differences in the meteorological patterns associated with events where both drivers are extreme versus events where only one driver is extreme. Events with both extreme drivers at south-eastern TG sites are caused by low-pressure systems with similar characteristics across locations, including high precipitable water content (PWC) and strong winds that generate high storm surge. Based on historical disaster damages records of Hong Kong, events with both extreme drivers account for the vast majority of damages and casualties, compared to univariate flooding events, where only one flooding driver occurred. Given the large coastal population and low capacity of drainage systems in many Chinese urban coastal areas, these findings highlight the necessity to incorporate compound flooding and its potential changes in a warming climate into risk assessments, urban planning, and the design of coastal infrastructure and flood defences.
Medición del rendimiento académico mediato en la carrera de Licenciatura en administraci´´ón de la UNICEN
Authors: Simaro Jorge , Tonelli Omar Edgardo , Varela Francisco José 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo, en el marco del estudio del capital intelectual universitario, fue poner a prueba una herramienta destinada a analizar el programa formativo ofrecido por la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNICEN), el proceso de inserción laboral y el impacto de la formación académica en relación con las experiencias laborales vividas por los graduados de la carrera de Licenciatura en Administración. Para ello se realizó una encuesta online a los graduados en el período 2008-2017, se diseñaron las fichas metodológicas de los indicadores seleccionados y se efectuaron las mediciones. Del análisis de la información se observó una valoración favorable respecto de la formación recibida en el grado, considerándose mayoritariamente satisfechos con su ocupación actual y con un cumplimiento razonable de sus expectativas de desarrollo profesional.
Qatar Prediction Rule Using ED Indicators of COVID-19 at Triage
Authors: Pathan Sameer A. , Thomas Caroline E. , Bhutta Zain A. , Qureshi Isma , Thomas Sarah A. , Moinudheen Jibin , Thomas Stephen H. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The presence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated disease, COVID-19 has had an enormous impact on the operations of the emergency department (ED), particularly the triage area. The aim of the study was to derive and validate a prediction rule that would be applicable to Qatar’s adult ED population to predict COVID-19-positive patients.
Methods: This is a retrospective study including adult patients. The data were obtained from the electronic medical records (EMR) of the Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) for three EDs. Data from the Hamad General Hospital ED were used to derive and internally validate a prediction rule (Q-PREDICT). The Al Wakra Hospital ED and Al Khor Hospital ED data formed an external validation set consisting of the same time frame. The variables in the model included the weekly ED COVID-19-positivity rate and the following patient characteristics: region (nationality), age, acuity, cough, fever, tachypnea, hypoxemia, and hypotension. All statistical analyses were executed with Stata 16.1 (Stata Corp). The study team obtained appropriate institutional approval.
Results: The study included 45,663 adult patients who were tested for COVID-19. Out of these, 47% (n = 21461) were COVID-19 positive. The derivation-set model had very good discrimination (c = 0.855, 95% Confidence intervals (CI) 0.847–0.861). Cross-validation of the model demonstrated that the validation-set model (c = 0.857, 95% CI 0.849–0.863) retained high discrimination.
A high Q-PREDICT score ( ≥ 13) is associated with a nearly 6-fold increase in the likelihood of being COVID-19 positive (likelihood ratio 5.9, 95% CI 5.6–6.2), with a sensitivity of 84.7% (95% CI, 84.0%–85.4%). A low Q-PREDICT ( ≤ 6) is associated with a nearly 20-fold increase in the likelihood of being COVID-19 negative (likelihood ratio 19.3, 95% CI 16.7–22.1), with a specificity of 98.7% (95% CI 98.5%–98.9%).
Conclusion: The Q-PREDICT is a simple scoring system based on information readily collected from patients at the front desk of the ED and helps to predict COVID-19 status at triage. The scoring system performed well in the internal and external validation on datasets obtained from the state of Qatar.
Coronavirus disease 2019 in solid organ transplant recipients in the setting of proactive screening and contact tracing of Qatar
Authors: Alattar Rand A. , Shaar Shahd H. , Othman Muftah , Abu Jarir Sulieman H. , Hashim Samar M. , Iqbal Fatima , Rustom Fatima , Almaslamani Muna A. , Omrani Ali S. 
Published: August 2021

Background: Clinical data on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are limited. We herein report the initial clinical experience with COVID-19 in SOT recipients in Qatar.
Methods: All SOT recipients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 up to May 23, 2020 were included. Demographic and clinical data were extracted retrospectively from the hospital’s electronic health records. Categorical data are presented as frequency and percentages, while continuous variables are summarized as medians and ranges.
Results: Twenty-four SOT recipients with COVID-19 were identified (kidney 16, liver 6, heart 1, and liver and kidney 1). Organ transplantation preceded COVID-19 by a median of 60 months (range 1.7–184). The median age was 57 years (range 24–72), and 9 (37.5%) transplant recipients were females. Five (21%) asymptomatic patients were diagnosed through proactive screening. For the rest, fever (15/19) and cough (13/19) were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Five (20.8%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Eleven (46%) patients developed acute kidney injury, including three in association with drug-drug interactions involving investigational COVID-19 therapies. Maintenance immunosuppressive therapy was modified in 18 (75%) patients, but systemic corticosteroids were not discontinued in any. After a median follow-up of 226 days (26–272), 20 (83.3%) patients had been discharged home, 2 (8.3%) were still hospitalized, 1 (4.2%) was still in the ICU, and 1 (4.2%) had died.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that asymptomatic COVID-19 is possible in SOT recipients and that overall outcomes are not uniformly worse than those in the general population. The results require confirmation in large, international cohorts.
TAXPAYER PERCEPTION RELATED TO LOVE OF MONEY, MACHIAVELLIAN, AND EQUITY SENSITIVITY ON TAX EVASION ETHICS
Authors: Esther Dwitia  , Masripah Masripah , Widiastuti Ni Putu Eka 
Published: August 2021

Cases of tax evasion in Indonesia have occurred a lot, giving rise to different perceptions on everyone. This study aims to determine the effect of love of money, machiavellian, and equity sensitivity on tax evasion ethics of taxpayers. The population of this research is individual taxpayers who are obliged to tax return and are registered in KPP Pratama in Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang and Bekasi (Jabotabek) areas. The sample was collected by snowball sampling method. The data used in this study are primary data by using questionnaire with 100 respondents as individual taxpayers. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2013 and SmartPLS 3.0. The results of this study showed that (1) love of money has an effect on ethics of tax evasion. (2) machiavellian has no effect on ethics of tax evasion. (3) equity sensitivity has no effect on the ethics of tax evasion. Recomendation for further researchers to be able to add independent variables such as cultural factors, intelligence levels and expand population areas to produce better research.
Keywords: Love of Money, Machiavellian, Equity Sensitivity, Tax Evasion Ethics
PERLAKUAN AKUNTANSI ATAS SELISIH KURS DALAM TRANSAKSI MATA UANG ASING TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA PT. DIANTA MITRAFAIRINDO INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Saprudin Saprudin , Aini Qurotul , Napitupulu Arie Marthin Parulian 
Published: August 2021

Transaksi mata uang asing yang terjadi pada PT. Dianta Mitrafairindo Internasional ini terjadi karena adanya penagihan, pembayaran, atau penggantian yang ditujukan langsung pada kantor pusat Messe Frankfurt, Jerman atau pun klien yang berada diluar Indonesia, sehingga dalam melakukan transaksinya perlu menggunakan nilai tukar, dikarenakan mata uang antar negara yang berbeda. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, yaitu untuk menggambarkan objek penelitian berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang tampak atau sebagai mana adanya. Dalam transaksi penerimaan dan pengeluaran dengan negara yang berbeda, maka menggunakan 2 (dua) mata uang yaitu mata uang asing dan mata uang lokal. Dalam hal transaksi dengan mata uang yang berbeda maka akan menghasilkan keuntungan dan kerugian yang disebabkan kurs nilai tukar antara dua mata uang tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Selisih niali tukar yang timbul saat penyelesaian pos moneter, karena kurs yang berbeda antara pada saat pos moneter tersebut dijabarkan pada pengakuan awal selama periode atau pada saat realisasi atau akhir periode, diakui dalam laba atau rugi dalam periode pada saat terjadi. Untuk perlakuan selisih kursnya PT Dianta Mitrafairindo Internasional menerapkan sesuai peraturan pemerintah (PP) 23/2018, dan dalam perhitungan biaya penghasilan pajak menggunakan PP 46/Final sehingga dalam pembuatan laporan keuangannya tidak adanya koreksi fiskal. Kebijakan akuntansi dalam laporan keuangan PT. Dianta Mitrafairindo Internasional atas transaksi mata uang asing : (1) Pengakuan penghasilan dan biaya menggunakan kurs pada tanggal pencatatan, (2) Realisasi penerimaan dan pembayaran menggunakan kurs pada tanggal transaksi, (3) Penyesuaian saldo pos moneter akhir periode laporan (akhir bulan).
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TERHADAP PAJAK KINI
Authors: Nurita Nurita , Saprudin Saprudin , Koeswardhana Glory 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris tentang pengaruh profitabilitas terhadap pajak kini dan pengaruh pengungkapan corporate social responsibility terhadap pajak kini yang terjadi pada perusahaan-perusahan diIndonesia. Jenis penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kausatif. Populasi penelitian adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2015-2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel melalui purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 5 perusahaan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil uji data diperoleh bahwa secara simultan profitabilitas dan corporate social responsibility berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap pajak kini. Profitabilitas dan corporate social responsibility secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap pajak kini sebesar 50,3%. Sisanya 49,7% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Dengan demikian, manajemen maupun pihak lain yang terkait dapat memperhatikan ketiga variabel tersebut secara lebih seksama lagi, agar diperoleh beban pajak kini yang terefisien.
PENGARUH VARIABEL MAKRO EKONOMI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA TAHUN 2015-2019
Authors: Feby Kinanda  
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of macroeconomic variables including the open unemployment rate, trade balance, inflation rate and the rupiah exchange rate against the dollar on Indonesian economic growth by using the ECM error correction model approach to see the long-term and short-term relationships that influence macro variables on economic growth. , in the long term the open unemployment rate variable, the trade balance, the inflation rate have a negative effect while the exchange rate has a positive effect, while in the short term the open unemployment rate, the inflation rate and the exchange rate have a negative effect while the trade balance has a positive effect.

Keywords: Economic Growth, Open Unemployment Rate, Trade Balance, Inflation, Exchange Rate
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Pada Yayasan Baitul Jannah Bandar Lampung)
Authors: Rahyono Rahyono , Alansori Apip 
Published: August 2021

Kinerja yang baik hanya bisa tercipta dari sumber daya manusia yang handal. Dan setiap perusahaan pasti menginginkan seluruh karyawannya bisa terampil, kompeten, disiplin, serta bertanggung jawab terhadap pekerjaannya. Pada dasarnya kinerja karyawan tidak selalu mengalami peningkatan tapi juga bisa terjadi penurunan. Kinerja karyawan yang menurun tentu sangat berpengaruh bagi keberlangsungan organisasi, oleh karena itu perlu adanya upaya untuk tetap menjaga konsistensi kinerja karyawan. Kinerja karyawan diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu hal pokok yang cukup penting dalam upaya mencapai tujuan organisasi. Kinerja karyawan mampu dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan atau bahkan menurunkan kinerja karyawan. Faktor-faktor tersebut diantaranya adalah kepemimpinan dan komunikasi yang kurang baik serta dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan organisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hubungan antara kepemimpinan (X1) dan komunikasi (X2) terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y). Pengolahan data menggunakan alat bantu software SPSS Versi 20. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 120 karyawan yang terdiri dari staf, satpam, petugas kebersihan, dan tenaga pengajar yang ada di Yayasan Baitul Jannah Bandar Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan (X1) dan komunikasi (X2) terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y).

Kata-kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Komunikasi, Kinerja Karyawan
Hydrodynamic Characterization of Bodies of Revolution through Statistical-Empirical Prediction Modeling Using Machine Learning
Authors: Thurman Christopher S. , Somero J. Ryan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Machine learning algorithms, namely artificial neural network modeling, were used to create Prediction models for force and moment coefficients of axisymmetric bodies of revolution. These prediction models had highly nonlinear functional relationships to both geometric parameters and inflow conditions, totaling five input factors. A uniform experimental design was created consisting of 50 design points in these five factors and dictated which test points to simulate. Data was generated using computational fluid dynamic simulations, which were performed on all geometries using NavyFOAM at the experimental conditions prescribed by the designed experiment. The prediction models were validated by comparing behavioral trends in responses to previous research conducted by the author on a similar geometry. A test data sets was also created and used to ensure that the prediction models were not overfit to the training data and that they could accurately predict arbitrary geometries and inflow conditions within the experimental design region. Once the prediction models were validated, they were used to study the effects of varying the geometric parameters, inherent to the experiment, on each of the force and moment coefficients.

Introduction
Multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) schemes used in the early concept design phases for aero/hydrodynamic vehicles often use simplified planar maneuvering characteristics based on empirical or analytical relations in order to limit the computational cost of maneuverability prediction. This method leaves a more detailed analysis of the maneuvering behavior of a design to later in the process, where improvement or correction of an adverse behavior may be difficult to implement. The analysis of out-of-plane conditions or combined pitch-yaw conditions especially, are usually relegated to the detail analysis phase as empirical/ analytical descriptions of these conditions are lacking in the literature. It is therefore desired to develop a method to move these more detailed maneuvering analyses forward in the design phase.
Isolation, Purify and Characterization of Lectin from the Seeds of Artocarpus Species
Authors: Krupa S. , Murthy K. R. Siddalinga 
Published: August 2021

Aim: To isolate, partially purify and characterize lectin from the seeds of Artocarpus species - using ammonium sulphate, gel-filtration and ion exchange chromatography.
Methodology: ABO blood groups were screened for the assay of hemagglutinating property with seed lectins of both. heterophyllus and A. hirsutus. The seed lectins were extracted using suitable buffer system pH 7.0 and partially purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographic techniques.
Results and Discussion: Lectins were extracted from the defatted seed powders of A. heterophyllus and A. hirsutus. The extracts were used for optimization of assay buffer for hemagglutination activity and 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.8 containing 1 mM CaCl2 and 1 mM MnCl2 showed greater hemagglutinating property. Screening for optimum concentration of RBCs from different blood group (A, B, AB and O groups) indicated O group at 10 % concentration as ideal for the assay of hemagglutinating property with seed lectins of both A. heterophyllus and A. hirsutus.
Conclusion: In this study, lectin from the seeds of Artocarpus heterophyllus and Artocarpus hirsutus were isolated and partially purified. The isolated lectins were characterized for their heamagglutination activity. Among the human blood types (A+, B+, AB+ and O+) used, all the blood groups showed agglutination while greater agglutination was observed with O+ blood group.