bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic characterization of serum proteins from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from an outbreak with cardiomyopathy syndrome
Authors: Costa Janina Z. , del Pozo Jorge , McLean Kevin , Inglis Neil , Sourd Philippe , Bordeianu Andrei , Thompson Kim D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS), caused by piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), is a serious challenge to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) aquaculture. Regrettably, husbandry techniques are the only tool to manage CMS outbreaks, and no prophylactic measures are available at present. Early diagnosis of CMS is therefore desirable, preferably with non‐lethal diagnostic methods, such as serum biomarkers. To identify candidate biomarkers for CMS, the protein content of pools of sera (4 fish/pool) from salmon with a CMS outbreak (3 pools) and from clinically healthy salmon (3 pools) was compared using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS). Overall, seven proteins were uniquely identified in the sera of clinically healthy fish, while 27 proteins were unique to the sera of CMS fish. Of the latter, 24 have been associated with cardiac disease in humans. These were grouped as leakage enzymes (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glycogen phosphorylase and carbonic anhydrase); host reaction proteins (acute‐phase response proteins—haptoglobin, fibrinogen, α2‐macroglobulin and ceruloplasmin; and complement‐related proteins); and regeneration/remodelling proteins (fibronectin, lumican and retinol). Clinical evaluation of the suitability of these proteins as biomarkers of CMS, either individually or as part of a panel, is a logical next step for the development of early diagnostic tools for CMS.
Spiritual needs among Koreans and Americans with advanced chronic illnesses: A cultural comparison
Authors: Mamier Iris , Kim Sun Min , Petersen Denise , Bae Hye‐Jin , Taylor Elizabeth Johnston , Kang Kyung‐Ah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed to measure the frequency of spiritual needs, identify the factors associated with these needs among Korean and American persons living with an advance chronic illness and compare them from a cross‐cultural perspective.BackgroundPersons with serious or life‐limiting illnesses often have spiritual needs. Unmet spiritual needs are associated with poor well‐being and threaten psychological health. Little is known about how specific spiritual needs vary across cultures.DesignA quantitative, cross‐sectional, observational cross‐cultural comparison was undertaken.MethodsThe study has been prepared in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from outpatient clinics in South Korea and Southern California (N = 202). Spiritual needs were measured using the Spiritual Interests Related to Illness Tool (SpIRIT); demographic and illness‐related variables were also assessed using paper‐and‐pencil questionnaires. Data were analysed using various parametric statistical tests, including multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe findings quantify the intensity and types of spiritual needs that persons living with an advanced chronic illness experience. Furthermore, they show how the spiritual needs of religiously diverse samples of South Koreans and Americans differ. The findings also indicate that self‐reported spirituality and religiosity independently explain a substantial amount of the variance in spiritual needs.ConclusionsIn both the samples, spiritual needs were reported and associated with spirituality and religiosity. Although all the eight domains of spiritual needs assessed by the SpIRIT were pertinent to the Korean and American samples, they were prioritised differently.Relevance to clinical practiceScreening patients to ascertain how important spirituality or religiosity is to them may help clinicians focus their in‐depth assessments on those who report high levels of spirituality or religiosity because these patients may experience the strongest spiritual needs. The SpIRIT shows promise as a measure of diverse spiritual needs.
A clinical‐academic partnership to develop a family management intervention for parents of preterm infants
Authors: Weber Ashley M. , Voos Kristin C. , Bakas Tamilyn M. , Rice Jared B. , Blatz Mary Ann , Ribeiro Ana Paula Duarte , Tubbs‐Cooley Heather L. , Rota Matthew J. , Kaplan Heather C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsTo examine the critical role that an academic clinical partnership played in the development and refinement of a family management intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).BackgroundClinical‐academic partnerships enable earlier infusion of implementation science principles into development of evidence‐based interventions, yet partners often report difficulty leveraging resources, personnel and expertise to create beneficial outcomes for all.DesignLongitudinal qualitative descriptive design.MethodsTo develop and refine the intervention, designated time was taken during meetings of the NICU’s Parent Partnership Council (PPC), a committee comprised of nursing, physician and allied health leadership and former NICU parents. Partnership was also achieved by having bedside clinical nurses, in addition to medical and nursing students, participate as research team members. Qualitative data were collected via email, research team and Council meetings, and informal individual chats with key stakeholders (N = 25) and NICU mothers (N = 22). Qualitative data were analysed deductively using thematic analysis based on MacPhee’s partnership logic model and the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE‐AIM) model. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist guided our work.ResultsDuring Council meetings, the clinical‐academic nurse, Director of Family‐Integrated Care and Council members identified the need for a family management intervention, and worked together to develop and refine PREEMIE PROGRESS. Mothers found the intervention had numerous strengths and perceived a benefit knowing they helped future parents.ConclusionsThis work was only possible by leveraging both the university’s technology/research resources and the clinical expertise of the NICU staff and PPC. Co‐authored presentations, publications and grant funding continued this NICU’s legacy in family‐centred care and helped shape the clinical‐academic nurse’s career.Relevance to clinical practiceClinical‐academic partnerships can promote excellence in nursing practice, research and education through swifter knowledge translation and earlier infusion of implementation science principles into the development of evidence‐based nursing interventions.
Healthcare personnel's working conditions in relation to risk behaviours for organism transmission: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Arvidsson Lisa , Lindberg Magnus , Skytt Bernice , Lindberg Maria 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate healthcare personnel's working conditions in relation to risk behaviours for organism transmission.BackgroundHealthcare personnel's behaviour is often influenced by working conditions that in turn can impact the development of healthcare‐associated infections. Observational studies are scarce, and further understanding of working conditions in relation to behaviour is essential for the benefit of the healthcare personnel and the safety of the patients.DesignA mixed‐methods convergent design.MethodsData were collected during 104 h of observation at eight hospital units. All 79 observed healthcare personnel were interviewed. Structured interviews covering aspects of working conditions were performed with the respective first‐line manager. The qualitative and quantitative data were collected concurrently and given equal priority. Data were analysed separately and then merged. The study follows the GRAMMS guidelines for reporting mixed‐methods research.ResultsRegardless of measurable and perceived working conditions, risk behaviours frequently occurred especially missed hand disinfection. Healthcare personnel described staffing levels, patient‐level workload, physical factors and interruptions as important conditions that influence infection prevention behaviours. The statistical analyses confirmed that interruptions increase the frequency of risk behaviours. Significantly higher frequencies of risk behaviours also occurred in activities where healthcare personnel worked together, which in the interviews was described as a consequence of caring for high‐need patients.ConclusionsThese mixed‐methods findings illustrate that healthcare personnel's perceptions do not always correspond to the observed results since risk behaviours frequently occurred regardless of the observed and perceived working conditions. Facilitating the possibility for healthcare personnel to work undisturbed when needed is essential for their benefit and for patient safety.Relevance for Clinical PracticeThe results can be used to enlighten healthcare personnel and managers and when designing future infection prevention work.
Risk Management in Financial Institutions: A Replication
Authors: GUEST PAUL M. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTRampini, Viswanathan, and Vuillemey (RVV) show empirically that net worth drives hedging. I identify discrepancies to which RVV's key findings are not robust: the positive correlation between net worth and hedging is not independent of institution size, house price decline shocks to net worth (which RVV use for identification) have mixed effects on hedging that are not robust across alternative specifications, and the treatment effects on net worth and hedging are not increasing in real estate exposure, inconsistent with a causal explanation. Overall, my analysis does not support the conclusion of RVV that higher net worth causes more hedging.
Screening of genes related to survival prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and construction of prognosis prediction model
Authors: Qin Rui , Cao Lu , Ye Cong , Wang Junrong , Sun Ziqian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimWe aimed to screen for the genes related to survival prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and then constructed a prognosis prediction model.MethodsThe GSE63514 dataset was obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The CSCC gene dataset and the GSE44001 dataset were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and NCBI GEO, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier (KM) curve was used to evaluate the association between high and low prognosis that was with the actual survival prognosis information. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to screen out the optimized prognostic‐related signature differentially expressed gene (DEG) combinations. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to perform pathway enrichment annotation analysis for DEGs that were related to risk grouping.ResultsIn total, 16 399 DEGs were obtained and 23 gene ontology biological processes and 8 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were screened. Nine optimized DEG groups related to independent prognosis were selected. The KM curves of pathologic N0 and N1 showed that low‐risk group were associated with a better overall survival (p = 1.518e; p = 1.704e−01). The pathways related to risk grouping were cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, JAK stat signaling pathway, and glycolysis–gluconeogenesis.ConclusionOn the basis of this study, we established a prognostic risk model, which provided a reliable prognostic tool and was of great significance for locating the biomarkers related to survival prognosis in CSCC.
Coagulopathy is not predictive of bleeding in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis and acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Campello Elena , Zanetto Alberto , Bulato Cristiana , Maggiolo Sara , Spiezia Luca , Russo Francesco Paolo , Gavasso Sabrina , Mazzeo Pierluigi , Tormene Daniela , Burra Patrizia , Angeli Paolo , Senzolo Marco , Simioni Paolo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsUnderstanding factors responsible for the increased bleeding tendency in acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) would improve the management of these complications. We investigated coagulation alterations in ACLF and assessed whether they were predictive of bleeding.MethodsCirrhosis patients with ACLF (cases) and acute decompensation (AD, controls) were prospectively recruited and underwent an extensive haemostatic assessment including standard tests, pro and anticoagulant factors, thrombomodulin‐modified thrombin generation (TG) and thromboelastometry (ROTEM®). In study part 1 (case‐control), we compared coagulation in ACLF vs AD. In study part 2 (prospective), all patients were followed for bleeding, and predictors of outcome were assessed.ResultsNinety‐one patients were included (51 with ACLF, 40 with AD). Infections and ascites/renal dysfunction were the most common precipitating and decompensating events. Platelet count was lower while INR and activated partial thrombin time were longer in ACLF cohort vs AD. Regarding clotting factors, fibrinogen and factor VIII were comparable between groups while protein C and antithrombin were significantly reduced in ACLF. Endogenous thrombin potential by TG was comparable between groups. Clotting formation time and clot stability by ROTEM® were significantly lower in ACLF, indicative of a more hypocoagulable state. No haemostasis alteration could discriminate between patients who had bleeding complications during hospitalization and those who did not.ConclusionWe found coagulation changes in ACLF to largely overlap with that of AD and evidence of preserved coagulation capacity in both groups. ROTEM alterations were indicative of a more pronounced hypocoagulable state in ACLF; however, no correlation was found between such alterations and bleeding.
Peripheral neuropathy after viral eradication with direct‐acting antivirals in chronic HCV hepatitis: A prospective study
Authors: Zanone Maria M. , Marinucci Claudia , Ciancio Alessia , Cocito Dario , Zardo Federica , Spagone Emanuela , Ferrero Bruno , Cerruti Cristina , Charrier Lorena , Cavallo Franco , Saracco Giorgio M. , Porta Massimo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHCV‐related extra‐hepatic complications include peripheral neuropathies, with important prevalence and impact. A recent metanalysis of previous intervention trials concluded for insufficient data to support evidence‐based treatments for this complication. In this longitudinal study, we assessed for the first time prevalence and outcome of neuropathy in a cohort of patients with chronic HCV, before and after direct‐acting antiviral agent (DAA) treatment.MethodNinety‐four patients (mean age 58.5 ± 9.9, infection duration 22.2 ± 6.3 years) without systemic and metabolic diseases, underwent neurological examination and electroneurography studies before (T0) and 10.4 ± 1.7 months after the end of DAA therapy (T1), and cryoglobulins (CG) assessment. Muscle strength was evaluated by Medical Research Council (MRC) score; neuropathic pain, sensory function, disability, quality of life were assessed by validated questionnaires (DN4, NPSI, SSS, INCAT and Euro‐QoL).ResultsAt T0, sensory‐motor neuropathy was detected in 22 patients (23%), reflexes were depressed in 32 (34%) with no association with infection duration, viral load, age, CG. Neuropathic pain (DN4 ≥4) was present in 37 patients (39%). At T1, out of the 22 patients with altered electroneurography, 3 had died or developed HCC, 4 showed normal electroneurography, and nerve amplitude parameters tended to improve in the whole group. Only 11 patients (12%) had depressed reflexes and 10 (11%) DN4 ≥4 (P < .05 compared to T0). Scores for MRC, questionnaires and Euro‐QoL improved significantly (P < .05).ConclusionOur study confirms the high prevalence of clinical and subclinical peripheral sensory‐motor neuropathy in patients with HCV infection and indicates improvement after eradication by DAA. These results support the need for larger intervention studies.
Anti‐TNFα treatment in Crohn’s disease: Impact on hepatic steatosis, gut‐derived hormones and metabolic status
Authors: Manka Paul , Sydor Svenja , Wase Nishikant , Best Jan , Brandenburg Malte , Hellbeck Annika , Schänzer Julia , Vilchez‐Vargas Ramiro , Link Alexander , Figge Anja , Jähnert Andreas , von Arnim Ulrike , Coombes Jason D. , Cubero Francisco‐Javier , Kahraman Alisan , Kim Moon‐Sung , Kälsch Julia , Kinner Sonja , Faber Klaas‐Nico , Moshage Han , Gerken Guido , Syn Wing‐Kin , Friedman Scott L. , Canbay Ali , Bechmann Lars P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsAn association between Crohn's disease (CD) and hepatic steatosis has been reported. However, the underlying mechanisms of steatosis progression in CD are not clear. Among the most effective CD treatments are agents that inhibit Tumor‐Necrosis‐Factor (TNF) activity, yet it is unclear why anti‐TNFα agents would affect steatosis in CD. Recent studies suggest that microbiome can affect both, CD and steatosis pathogenesis. Therefore, we here analysed a potential relationship between anti‐TNF treatment and hepatic steatosis in CD, focusing on the gut‐liver axis.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study evaluated patients with established CD, with and without anti‐TNFα treatment, analysing serum markers of liver injury, measurement of transient elastography, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and MRI for fat detection. Changes in lipid and metabolic profiles were assessed by serum and stool lipidomics and metabolimics. Additionally, we analysed gut microbiota composition and mediators of bile acid (BA) signalling via stool and serum analysis.ResultsPatients on anti‐TNFα treatment had less hepatic steatosis as assessed by CAP and MRI. Serum FGF19 levels were significantly higher in patients on anti‐TNFα therapy and associate with reduced steatosis and increased bowel motility. Neutral lipids including triglycerides were reduced in the serum of patients on anti‐TNF treatment. Bacteria involved in BA metabolism and FGF19 regulation, including Firmicutes, showed group‐specific alterations with low levels in patients without anti‐TNFα treatment. Low abundance of Firmicutes was associated with higher triglyceride levels.ConclusionsAnti‐TNFα treatment is associated with reduced steatosis, lower triglyceride levels, alterations in FXR‐signalling (eg FGF19) and microbiota composition in CD.
Global incidence, prevalence and features of primary sclerosing cholangitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mehta Tej I. , Weissman Simcha , Fung Brian M. , Sotiriadis John , Lindor Keith D. , Tabibian James H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an idiopathic, cholestatic liver disease with a diverse range of clinical manifestations. Inter‐regional data on PSC are variable, but its global geoepidemiology has not been well‐studied. We aimed to examine the worldwide incidence, prevalence and features of PSC and PSC‐inflammatory bowel disease (PSC‐IBD).MethodsA systematic search of multiple databases was conducted to identify all original, full‐text studies until December 2020 with data regarding the incidence rate (IR) and/or prevalence of PSC. Outcomes were PSC IR, prevalence, features and IBD concurrence. Additionally, a meta‐analysis of PSC IR was performed. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021224550).ResultsOf the 1003 studies identified, 17 studies spanning three continents were included. PSC IR was 0.60 per 100 000 person‐years (PY) (95% confidence interval: 0.37‐0.88 per 100 000 PY). In pooled subgroup analysis for studies conducted in Europe and North America, PSC IR was 0.62 and 0.53 per 100 000 PY, respectively. PSC prevalence ranged 0‐31.7 per 100 000 persons, with notable inter‐regional differences. Mean age at PSC diagnosis was bimodally distributed, with relative peaks at 15 and 35 years. Mean concurrence of IBD with PSC was 50%, with 76% having ulcerative colitis, 17% Crohn's disease and 8% indeterminate/unspecified IBD.ConclusionWhile considerable heterogeneity exists in the geoepidemiology of PSC, overall, the classical dogmata of male predilection, bimodal distribution of mean age and high PSC‐IBD concurrence appear to hold true. Despite a seemingly stable IR over time, further studies are needed to better understand the geoepidemiology of PSC.
The C5 protein encoded by Ageratum leaf curl Sichuan virus is a virulence factor and contributes to the virus infection
Authors: Li Pengbai , Su Feng , Meng Qiyuan , Yu Huabin , Wu Gentu , Li Mingjun , Qing Ling 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEarlier reports have indicated that begomoviruses encode four proteins (AC1/C1, AC2/C2, AC3/C3, and AC4/C4 proteins) using complementary‐sense DNA as the template. In recent years, several reports have shown that some begomoviruses also encode an AC5/C5 protein from the complementary DNA strand, and these AC5/C5 proteins play different roles in virus infections. Here, we provide evidence showing that Ageratum leaf curl Sichuan virus (ALCScV), a monopartite begomovirus, also encodes a C5 protein that is important for disease symptom formation and can affect viral replication. Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana plants with a potato virus X (PVX)‐based vector carrying the ALCScV C5 gene resulted in more severe disease symptoms and higher virus accumulation levels. ALCScV C5 protein can be found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Furthermore, this protein is also a suppressor of posttranscriptional gene silencing. Mutational analysis showed that knockout of C5 gene expression significantly reduced ALCScV‐induced disease symptoms and virus accumulation, while expression of the C5 gene using the PVX‐based vector enhanced ALCScV accumulation in coinfected N. benthamiana plants.
Association of different enteroviruses with atopy and allergic diseases in early childhood
Authors: Palmu Tiina , Lehtonen Jussi , Korhonen Laura , Virtanen Suvi M. , Niemelä Onni , Toppari Jorma , Ilonen Jorma , Veijola Riitta , Knip Mikael , Laitinen Olli H. , Lönnrot Maria , Hyöty Heikki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundEnterovirus (EV) infections, being among the most prevalent viruses worldwide, have been associated with reduced risk of allergic diseases. We sought to determine the association between EVs and allergic sensitization and disease in early childhood.MethodsThe study was carried out in a nested case‐control setting within a prospective birth cohort in Finland. We included 138 case children who had specific IgE (s‐IgE) sensitization at the age of 5 years and 138 control children without s‐IgE sensitization. Allergic disease was recorded at study visits and identified with the ISAAC questionnaire. We screened for the presence of serotype‐specific antibodies against 41 EVs at 1–5 years of age and assessed their association with allergic sensitization and disease.ResultsThe overall number of EV infections did not differ between s‐IgE–sensitized children and non‐sensitized control children. However, there was a tendency of case children with an allergic disease having less EV infections than their controls. This observation was statistically significant for species A EVs in case children with atopic dermatitis vs. control children: OR 0.6 (95% CI 0.36–0.99), p = .048.ConclusionThis study supports the evidence that EV exposure and development of allergic disease are inversely associated. Interestingly, the inverse association was not observed for bare atopic IgE sensitization, but for IgE sensitization coupled with clinical atopic disease. This suggests that environmental factors influencing IgE sensitization may differ from those influencing progression to clinical allergic disease.