bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Next‐generation balloon‐expandable Myval transcatheter heart valve in low‐risk aortic stenosis patients
Authors: García‐Gómez Mario , Delgado‐Arana Jose Raúl , Halim Jonathan , De Marco Federico , Trani Carlo , Martin Pedro , Won‐Keun Kim , Montorfano Matteo , den Heijer Peter , Bedogni Francesco , Sardella Gennaro , IJsselmuiden Alexander J. J. , Campante Teles Rui , Aristizabal‐Duque Christian H. , Gordillo Ximena , Santos‐Martinez Sandra , Barrero Alejandro , Gómez‐Salvador Itziar , Ancona Marco , Redondo Alfredo , Román J. Alberto San , Amat‐Santos Ignacio J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to describe hemodynamic performance and clinical outcomes at 30‐day follow‐up of the balloon‐expandable (BE) Myval transcatheter heart valve (THV) in low‐risk patients.BackgroundThe results of the next‐generation BE Myval THV in low‐risk aortic stenosis (AS) patients are still unknown.MethodsRetrospective registry performed in nine European centers including patients with low predicted operative mortality risk according to Society of thoracic surgeons (STS) and European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation (EuroSCORE‐II) scores.ResultsBetween September 2019 and February 2021, a total of 100 patients (51% males, mean age 80 ± 6.5 years) were included. Mean STS score and EuroSCORE‐II were 2.4 ± 0.8% and 2.2 ± 0.7%, respectively. Intermediate sizes were used in 39% (21.5 mm: 8%, 24.5 mm: 15%, 27.5 mm: 15%). There were no cases of valve embolization, coronary artery occlusion, annulus rupture, or procedural death. A definitive pacemaker implantation was needed in eight patients (8%). At 30‐day follow‐up aortic valve area (0.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.1 ± 0.6 cm2) and mean aortic valve gradient (43.4 ± 11.1 vs. 9.0 ± 3.7 mmHg) improved significantly (p < 0.001). Moderate aortic regurgitation occurred in 4%. Endpoints of early safety and clinical efficacy were 3 and 1%, respectively.ConclusionsHemodynamic performance and 30‐day clinical outcomes of the BE Myval THV in low‐risk AS patients were favorable. Longer‐term follow‐up is warranted.
Effects of cultivars and fertilization levels on the quality of brown and polished rice
Authors: Coradi Paulo Carteri , Müller Amanda , André Geovane da Silva , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , Campos Cid Naudi Silva , Anschau Kellen Francine , Flores Erico Marlon Moraes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesAdapting production factors and relating them to the effects of rice milling can contribute to obtaining better quality grains in the industry. Thus, the study had an objective to evaluate the effects of cultivars and fertilization levels in the physical, physicochemical, and morphological quality of the polished and brown rice.FindingsThe starch underwent minor changes in its structure with increased fertilization levels, conserving the physicochemical rice composition for cultivar IR 431 Cl in the polished rice. However, the combination of cultivar IR 424 Cl and brown rice demonstrated positive correlations in crude protein and starch. In addition, positive correlations between the physical variables were obtained in full milling. Furthermore, brown rice had the highest percentages of whole rice in the high fertilization levels, whereas the polished grain contained the highest percentage of broken and yellow grains in the low fertilization levels.ConclusionsThe rice cultivar IR 431 Cl produced with high fertilization levels had high protein and starch quality in the polished grains, while the cultivar IR 424 Cl produced high quality in brown rice. We conclude that the association of cultivars and fertilization levels in rice production obtained high rice quality according to milling type.Significance and noveltyIt is possible to define the best way of milling rice in the industry to enhance the final quality, depending on the production factors adopted in the crop, such as the type of cultivar and fertilization levels.
Chronopotentiometric Analysis of Single Histones and Histone Octamer at Charged Surfaces
Authors: Melníková Eva , Galicová Tatiana , Gál Miroslav , Ostatná Veronika 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHistones play an essential role in the nucleosome structure and organization. The key role of highly positively charged histones is to stabilize negatively charged DNA inside the chromatin. Histones are basic proteins containing a large amount of electroactive residues, namely, arginine and lysine. Additionally, histone H3, on the contrary to other histones, contains cysteine residues. To understand more about the behavior of histones at charged surfaces and the influence of the electroactive amino acid residues content on the catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, we studied histones using label‐free approaches, namely, chronopotentiometric stripping analysis (CPS) and impedance Cd–t curves. While CPS is sensitive to the structure and stability of proteins and their complexes, Cd–t curves reflect changes of the electrical double layer at the charged surface. Application of both label‐free methods appears useful for analysis of complex systems. Using a combination of these methods, we could discriminate between individual single core histones, their mixture, and their complex (octamer).
Manipulating Chemicals at Small‐ and Semimicro‐Scale in Inert Atmosphere
Authors: Lunelli Bruno , Baroncini Massimo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe rational use of chemicals requires that their properties be compatible with the planned application. These properties are modified by the interactions to which the chemical substance is subjected, among which particularly relevant are those with the components of the lab atmosphere, collectively labelled air sensitivity. The air sensitivity of chemicals is remarkably amplified in the presently common small‐ and semimicro‐scale samples and operations, due to the increased surface‐to‐mass ratio with respect to the time‐honoured multigram scale. In this note we present ergonomy‐aware procedures implemented in small‐ and semimicro‐scale laboratory operations, which enable to work easily in an inert atmosphere without the need for awkward or expensive apparatuses such as glove box or vacuum line.
Biomechanics of cells and subcellular components: A comprehensive review of computational models and applications
Authors: Wang Chengyuan , Li Si , Ademiloye Adesola S. , Nithiarasu Perumal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCells are a fundamental structural, functional and biological unit for all living organisms. Up till now, considerable efforts have been made to study the responses of single cells and subcellular components to an external load, and understand the biophysics underlying cell rheology, mechanotransduction and cell functions using experimental and in silico approaches. In the last decade, computational simulation has become increasingly attractive due to its critical role in interpreting experimental data, analysing complex cellular/subcellular structures, facilitating diagnostic designs and therapeutic techniques, and developing biomimetic materials. Despite the significant progress, developing comprehensive and accurate models of living cells remains a grand challenge in the 21st century. To understand current state of the art, this review summarises and classifies the vast array of computational biomechanical models for cells. The article covers the cellular components at multi‐spatial levels, that is, protein polymers, subcellular components, whole cells and the systems with scale beyond a cell. In addition to the comprehensive review of the topic, this article also provides new insights into the future prospects of developing integrated, active and high‐fidelity cell models that are multiscale, multi‐physics and multi‐disciplinary in nature. This review will be beneficial for the researchers in modelling the biomechanics of subcellular components, cells and multiple cell systems and understanding the cell functions and biological processes from the perspective of cell mechanics.
Chemotherapy is a risk factor of lymphopenia before adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Fang , Ma Lingyu , Wang Qian , Zhou Manling , Nong Yaqing , Jing Haiman , Han Ying , Liu Yaya , Hu Yulin , Yu Hao , Fu Pingfu , Kong Feng‐Ming ( Spring) 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundLymphopenia can decrease immune function of the host and is a known risk factor for poor prognosis in malignant tumors. Radiation induced lymphopenia was common in patients with breast cancer and was also reported to have a negative effect on long‐term outcome.AimsLymphopenia may be associated with baseline immune status before radiotherapy (RT). This study aimed to explore the rate and risk factors of lymphopenia before start of the adjuvant RT in patients with breast cancer.MethodsPatients with invasive breast cancer treated from March 2015 to February 2020 and with peripheral lymphocyte counts (PLC) available within 7 days from the beginning of RT were eligible for this study. Data were presented as mean and 95% confidence interval unless otherwise specified. The risk factors of low PLC before RT were identified using univariate and multivariable linear regressions.ResultsA total of 1012 consecutive patients met the study criteria. The mean PLC before RT commencement was 1.58*109/L (95%CI: 1.55–1.62*109/L) with 15.2% (95%CI: 13.1%–17.6%) CTCAE defined lymphopenia, rendering 12.3%, 2.6%, 0.3%, and 0% for grade 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Univariate and multivariable linear regression showed prior chemotherapy was the most significant risk factor (p < .001) for low PLC, while age, menopausal status and lymph node stage were not (all ps > .05). A total of 912 (90.1%, 95%CI: 88.1%–91.9%) patients had chemotherapy before adjuvant RT in this study. In patients with HR+/HER2‐ breast cancer, 69.0% (95%CI: 63.0%–74.5%) N0 and 98.1% (95%CI: 95.1%–99.5%) N1 had also received chemotherapy.ConclusionsPatients with breast cancer might have lymphopenia from prior chemotherapy at the start of adjuvant RT which could have negative effect on long‐term outcome. It is also noted that most of the patients with HR+/HER2‐, early‐stage breast cancer were treated with aggressive chemotherapy without knowing the risk of chemotherapy induced lymphopenia. Future study on predictive or prognostic multigene assays is warranted to avoid unnecessary chemotherapy and subsequent lymphopenia in patients with low risk breast cancer.
Stability and Catalytic Performance of Single‐Atom Supported on Ti2CO2 for Low‐Temperature CO Oxidation: A First‐Principles Study
Authors: Ali Sajjad , Xie Zijuan , Xu Hu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBased on first‐principles calculations, the potential of Ti2CO2 monolayer (MXene) as a single‐atom catalyst (SAC) support for 3d transition metal (TM) atoms (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) is studied for CO oxidation. We first screen the support effect according to the stability of a single metal atom and find that Sc and Ti supported on Ti2CO2 have stronger adsorption energy than the cohesive energy of their bulk counterparts and therefore, we selected Sc and Ti supported on Ti2CO2 for further catalytic reactions. The stability and the potential catalytic reactivity are verified by electronic structure and charge transfer analysis. Both Eley–Rideal (ER) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) mechanisms are considered in this study, and lower energy barriers of 0.002 and 0.37 eV were found in the ER mechanism compared to the LH mechanism, which are 0.25 and 0.34 eV for Sc and Ti catalysts, respectively. Moreover, kinetic ER and LH mechanisms are favorable for both Sc‐ and Ti/Ti2CO2 because of the comparable energy barrier to other metals and SAC supported on 2D materials. However, Ti/Ti2CO2 catalyst is thermodynamically unfavorable. Based on these calculations, we propose that Sc supported on Ti2CO2 is the best catalyst for CO‐oxidation. The current study not only broadens the scope of the single‐atom Sc catalyst but also extends the consideration of MXene support for catalyst optimization.
Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy of NCl3 and NCl2
Authors: Gerlach Marius , Monninger Sophie , Schleier Domenik , Hemberger Patrick , Goettel James T. , Braunschweig Holger , Fischer Ingo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe investigate NCl3 and the NCl2 radical by photoelectron‐photoion coincidence spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. The mass selected threshold photoelectron spectrum (ms‐TPES) of NCl3 is broad and unstructured due to the large geometry change. An ionization energy of 9.7±0.1 eV is estimated from the spectrum and supported by computations. NCl2 is generated by photolysis at 213 nm from NCl3 and its ms‐TPES shows an extended vibrational progression with a 90 meV spacing that is assigned to the symmetric N−Cl stretching mode in the cation. An adiabatic ionization energy of 9.94 ± 0.02 eV is determined.
Gender diversity and sustainability performance in the banking industry
Authors: Galletta Simona , Mazzù Sebastiano , Naciti Valeria , Vermiglio Carlo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study analyses the impact of female directors and managers on sustainability performance in the banking industry. Drawing on prior studies, we attempt to frame gender diversity, its determinants, and its consequences with respect to financial, social, and environmental performance. Our sample includes 880 bank‐year observations from 48 countries over the period 2011–2019. We conduct OLS and probit regressions on the panel data sample. The results show that increasing the proportion of female directors also improves the financial and environmental performance; female managers are keener on the social dimension and in engaging with stakeholders, than female directors. This study extends the current literature in the context of the banking industry, suggesting that banks should focus their efforts on establishing the right combination of female directors and managers. Furthermore, practical implications that encourage gender diversity among policy makers and regulators arise from this research.
Recovery of Arenes from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) over a Co/TiO2 Catalyst
Authors: Hongkailers Surachet , Jing Yaxuan , Wang Yanqin , Hinchiranan Napida , Yan Ning 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUpcycling of spent plastics has become a more emergent topic than ever before due to the rapid generation of plastic waste associated with the change of lifestyles of the human society. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a major aromatic plastic and herein, the conversion of PET back into arenes was demonstrated in a one‐pot reaction combining depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) over a Co/TiO2 catalyst. The effectiveness of the Co/TiO2 catalyst in HDO and the underlining reaction pathway were established using the PET monomer terephthalic acid (TPA) as the substrate. Quantitative TPA conversion together with 75.2 mol% xylene and toluene selectivity under 30 bar initial H2 pressure at 340 °C was achieved after 4 h reaction. More encouragingly, the catalyst induced both depolymerization and HDO reaction via C−O bond cleavage when PET was used as a substrate. 78.9 mol% arenes (toluene and xylene) was obtained under optimized conditions.
Revisiting the memristor concept within basic circuit theory
Authors: Tellini Bernardo , Bologna Mauro , Chandía Kristopher J. , Macucci Massimo 
Published: August 2021

SummaryIn this paper, we revisit the memristor concept within circuit theory. We start from the definition of the basic circuit elements; then, we introduce the original formulation of the memristor concept and summarize some of the controversies on its nature. We also point out the ambiguities resulting from a nonrigorous usage of the flux linkage concept. After concluding that the memristor is not a fourth basic circuit element, prompted by claims in the memristor literature, we look into the application of the memristor concept to electrophysiology, realizing that an approach suitable to explain the observed inductive behavior of the giant squid axon had already been developed in the 1960s, with the introduction of “time‐variant resistors.' We also discuss a recent memristor implementation in which the magnetic flux plays a direct role, concluding that it cannot strictly qualify as a memristor, because its v‐i curve cannot exactly pinch at the origin. Finally, we present numerical simulations of a few memristors and memristive systems, focusing on the behavior in the φ‐q plane. We show that, contrary to what happens for the most basic memristor concept, for general memristive systems, the φ‐q curve is not single‐valued or not even closed.
An efficient VLSI architecture of 2‐D finite impulse response filter using enhanced approximate compressor circuits
Authors: Odugu Venkata Krishna , C Venkata Narasimhulu , K Satya Prasad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe very large‐scale integration (VLSI) design‐based architectures of 2‐D filters must have low power consumption and high speed rather than accuracy for image processing applications. The inexact computations reduce the delay, area, and power in arithmetic architectures, and utilizing this advantage an approximation can be introduced in 2‐D digital filters. In this work, circular symmetry is adopted to optimize the 2‐D finite impulse response (FIR) filter architecture, and it is implemented using imprecise multipliers and approximate compressors with acceptable accuracy. The exact 4:2 compressor is modified into an approximate 4:2 compressor by ignoring few inputs. Hence, hardware requirement and delay parameters are improved. The proposed compressor is designed by mixed logic rather than complete complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic. The dual value logic (DVL), transmission gate logic (TGL), and CMOS mixed logic gates are used to decrease the number of transistors in the circuits. The proposed compressors are used in the approximate Dadda multiplier (ADM). The ADMs are utilized to implement the 2‐D FIR filter architecture. The designed filter is coded in Verilog and implemented using field programmable gate array (FPGA). The hardware utilization is analyzed and compared with exact 2‐D FIR filters. Next, the proposed architecture is synthesized using Cadence genus tools, and physical design is carried out by Cadence Innovus tools in 45‐nm CMOS technology. The final physical design layout‐area, power, and delay reports are correlated with existing state‐of‐artworks. It is found that the proposed 2‐D FIR filter outperforms the existing works.
Comparison of five diagnostic flow cytometry scores in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: Diagnostic power and prognostic impact
Authors: Oelschlaegel Uta , Oelschlaeger Lorenz , von Bonin Malte , Kramer Michael , Sockel Katja , Mohr Brigitte , Wagenfuehr Lisa , Kroschinsky Frank , Bornhaeuser Martin , Platzbecker Uwe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundFlow cytometry (FCM) is a co‐criterion in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) diagnostics according to the WHO classification. The presented study compared diagnostic power and prognostic impact of different FCM‐based scores.MethodsA total of 807 bone marrow (BM) samples of patients with cytopenia (543 MDS, 153 non‐clonal cytopenias, 111 non‐MDS myeloid malignancies) and 78 healthy controls have been investigated using a standardized 8‐color‐FCM procedure. FCSS, Ogata‐score, iFS, RED‐score, and ELN‐NEC were analyzed for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to standard diagnostic tools. Median follow up for patients was 26 month (range: 0.2–89).ResultsThe iFS showed the highest accuracy (80%) with the best balance between sensitivity (79%) and specificity (86%). This was also valid in MDS with very low IPSS‐R and even in MDS without ring sideroblasts, with normal blast count and karyotype, where iFS could confirm diagnosis in 62% and 65% of patients. Besides the high diagnostic power, the established iFS category “consistent with MDS” was associated with inferior overall survival (OS) independent from WHO classification (median: 51 month vs. not reached,p < 0.0001). Remarkably, this iFS category redefined a subgroup of patients with worse OS within IPSS‐R low‐risk category (73 month vs. not reached,p = 0.0433). Finally, multivariable analysis showed that iFS added independent prognostic information regarding OS besides IPSS‐R.ConclusionsThe iFS separates non‐clonal cytopenias and MDS with the highest accuracy, provided information in addition to standard diagnostic procedures, and refined established prognostic tools for outcome prediction.
Disturbance and the (surprising?) role of ecosystem engineering in explaining spatial patterns of non‐native plant establishment
Authors: Root‐Bernstein Meredith , Muñoz César , Armesto Juan J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDifferent conceptions of disturbance differ in the degree to which they appeal to mechanisms that are general and equivalent, or species‐, functional group‐, or interaction‐specific. Some concepts of disturbance, for example, predict that soil disturbances and herbivory have identical impacts on species richness via identical mechanisms (reduction in biomass and in competition). An alternative hypothesis is that the specific traits of disturbance agents (small mammals) and plants differentially affect the richness or abundance of different plant groups. We tested these hypotheses on a degu (Octodon degus) colony in central Chile. We ask whether native and non‐native forbs respond differently to degu bioturbation on runways versus herbivory on grazing lawns. We ask whether this can explain the increase in non‐native plants on degu colonies. We found that biopedturbation did not explain the locations of non‐native plants. We did not find direct evidence of grazing increasing non‐native herbs either, but a grazing effect appears to be mediated by grass, which is the dominant cover. Further, we provide supplementary evidence to support our interpretation that a key mechanism of non‐native spread is the formation of dry soil conditions on grazing lawns. Thus, ecosystem engineering (alteration of soil qualities) may be an outcome of disturbances, in which each interacts with specific plant traits, to create the observed pattern of non‐native spread in the colony. Based on these results, we propose to extend Jentsch and White (Ecology, 100, 2019, e02734) concept of combined pulse/ disturbance events to the long‐term process duality of ecosystem engineering/ disturbance.