bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The outcomes of secondary AML post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation significantly depend on the presence of poor‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities
Authors: Hassanein Mona , Fakih Riad El , Rasheed Walid , Ahmed Syed , Shaheen Marwan , Chaudhri Naeem , Alsharif Fahad , Ahmed Shad , Hanbali Amr , AlShaibani Alfadel , Alfraih Feras , Alhayli Saud , Elhassan Tusneem , Alahmari Ali , Alzahrani Hazzaa , Almohareb Fahad , Aljurf Mahmoud , Hashmi Shahrukh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSecondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) includes AML as a complication of an antecedent hematological disorder or a therapy‐related AML. Large registry‐based data identified sAML as an independent poor‐outcome type of AML post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT). In our study, we tried to define factors affecting
outcomes of sAML post allo‐HCT, and identify patients with sAML who may truly benefit from allo‐HCT. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 64 patients aged (14‐61 years) with sAML who received allo‐HCT between September 2010 and February 2018 at our institute. Most of the patients were transplanted from matched related donors (MRD; 54, 84.4%). Our results showed that poor‐risk cytogenetics were identified in 31 patients (48.4%), and their presence was an indicator of poor overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS; P‐value = .009, and .004, respectively). The cumulative incidence of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD) was significantly lower in sAML patients with poor‐risk cytogenetics (P‐value = .003) resulting in a high risk of death without cGVHD in this group of patients (P‐value = .02). Besides, GVHD relapse‐free survival (GRFS) analysis showed that most of our studied patients experienced either relapse or debilitating grade II‐IV cGVHD in the first 2 years post allo‐HCT. We conclude that sAML patients with poor‐risk cytogenetics have a significantly lower DFS post allo‐HCT with a high risk of death without active cGVHD.
Potential false‐positive reasons for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody testing and its solution
Authors: Ye Qing , Zhang Ting , Lu Dezhao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has brought a huge impact on global health and the economy. Early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection is essential for epidemic prevention and control. The detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies is an important criterion for diagnosing COVID‐19. However, SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody testing also has certain false positives causing confusion in clinical diagnosis. This article summarizes the causes of false‐positive detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in clinical practice. The results indicate that the most common endogenous interferences include rheumatoid factor, heterophile antibodies, human anti‐animal antibodies, lysozyme, complement, and cross‐antigens. The exogenous interference is mainly incomplete coagulation of the specimen, contamination of the specimen, and insufficient optimization of the diagnostic kit's reaction system.
Farmers' attitudes towards GM crops and their predictors
Authors: Mustapa Muhammad Adzran Che , Batcha Mohamed Faizal Noor , Amin Latifah , Arham Ahmad Firdhaus , Mahadi Zurina , Yusoff Noor Ashikin Mohamed , Yaacob Mashitoh , Omar Nor Asiah , Hussain Wan Hirwani Wan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDGenetically modified (GM) crops have become a controversial global issue since their commercialization in 1996. However, despite technological advancements, only a few studies have investigated farmers' attitudes towards GM crops in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to analyse such attitudes and their determining factors. A validated questionnaire was distributed to farmers in the Cameron Highlands, Pahang (n = 176). SPSS software was used to analyse the descriptive statistics of the farmers' attitudes to GM crops, while SmartPLS software was used to determine the predictors.RESULTSDescriptive analysis shows that the farmers claimed to have a high level of self‐efficacy, and perceived GM crops as possessing high benefits which translate into a highly positive attitude towards GM crops. However, at the same time, they rated GM crops as involving moderate risks and would incur moderate costs to farm, as well as acknowledging a low level of support from the government. The structural equation model (SEM) analysis demonstrates that five factors have been identified as direct predictors of attitude to GM crops: government support (ß = 0.364, P < 0.001), perceived costs (ß = −0.282, P < 0.01), perceived risks (ß = −0.227, P < 0.01), perceived benefits (ß = 0.205, P < 0.01) and perceived self‐efficacy (ß = 0.199, P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThis study contributes to the existing knowledge and provides empirical support in explaining the factors that influence farmers' decisions to adopt GM crops and have significant implications for the future development of agro‐biotechnology in Malaysia and in other developing countries. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of magnetite nanoparticles on physiological processes to alleviate salinity induced oxidative damage in wheat
Authors: El‐Saber Mahmoud M , Mahdi Asmaa A , Hassan Ahmed H , Farroh Khaled Yehia , Osman Ali 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDOne of the major abiotic stressors that have a serious effect on plant growth and productivity worldwide is the salinity of soil or irrigation water. The effect of foliar application of magnetite nanoparticles (size = 22.05 nm) at different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ppm) was investigated to improve salinity tolerance in two wheat cultivars, namely, Misr1 (Tolerant) and Gimmeza11 (Sensitive). Moreover, toxicological investigations of magnetite oxide nanoparticle in Wistar albino rats were estimated.RESULTSThe magnetite nanoparticles positively affected growth, chlorophyll, and enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), stimulating reduced glutathione and improving the aggregation of several polypeptide chains that may be linked to the tolerance of saline stress. In contrast, magnetite nanoparticles reduced malondialdehyde (MDA). Inverse sequence‐tagged repeat (ISTR) assay of DNA molecular marker showed the change in band numbers with the highest polymorphic bands with 90% polymorphism at primer F3, B5 and 20 positive bands in Gimmeza11 with 0.5 ppm magnetite nanoparticles. In the median lethal dose (LD50) study, no rats died after the oral administration of magnetite nanoparticle at different doses. Therefore, the iron oxide nanoparticle was nontoxic when administered orally by gavage.CONCLUSIONMagnetite nanoparticles partially helped to alleviate the effects of salt stress by activating growth, chlorophyll content, SOD, glutathione, and soluble proteins in two wheat cultivars (Misr1 and Gimmeza11) and decreasing MDA content. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
A risk‐based approach for the safety analysis of eight trace elements in Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica parachinensis L.) in China
Authors: Li Furong , Wang Xu , Wang Fuhua , Wen Dian , Wu Zhichao , Du Yingqiong , Du Ruiying , Robinson Brett H , Zhao Peihua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDMost countries set regulatory values for the total trace element (TE) concentrations in soil, although there is growing interest in using a risk‐based approach to evaluate the bioavailable TE using dilute salt extractants or other soil parameters, including pH and organic carbon. The present study compares the current regulatory system (based on total TEs and pH) and a risk‐based approach using 0.01 mol L–1 CaCl2 to estimate the bioavailable fraction.RESULTSIn total, 150 paired samples of Chinese flowering cabbages (Brassica parachinensis) and their growth soils were collected, and the total and extractable concentrations of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg), as well as soil pH and organic matter content, were measured. No more than 3.33% of the edible parts exceeded Chinese food safety standards, even when growing in soils exceeding the current regulatory thresholds by over 50%. The total soil Cd (1.5 mg kg−1), as well as the extractable concentrations of Cd (0.1 mg kg−1), Ni (0.03 mg kg−1) and Zn (0.1 mg kg−1), are the key factors affecting the TE concentrations in B. parachinensis.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that the current soil regulatory guidelines for safe production of B. parachinensis are overly strict and conservative. A risk‐based approach based on the extractable TE concentrations would provide a better indication for plant uptake of soil TEs and avoid the waste of farmlands that can still produce safe vegetables. Future research should focus on providing crop‐specific available TE concentration guidelines to promote effective utilization of farmlands. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of encapsulated orange essential oil with β‐cyclodextrin on technological, digestibility, sensory properties of wheat cakes as well as Aspergillus flavus spoilage
Authors: Kringel Dianini Hüttner , Lang Gustavo Heinrich , Dias Álvaro Renato Guerra , Gandra Eliezer Avila , Valente Gandra Tatiana Kuka , da Rosa Zavareze Elessandra 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe majority of studies with essential oils in foods focus mainly on improving the shelf life of products; however, the present study goes further and demonstrates not only the effect of essential oil on conservation properties, but also the effect of free and encapsulated orange essential oil (OEO) on the technological, sensorial and digestibility properties of bakery products.RESULTSOEO was encapsulated into β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) by inclusion complex formation (β‐CD/OEO 97.4% of encapsulation efficiency). OEO demonstrated in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus (inhibition zone of 11.33 mm on mycelial growth). In situ antifungal activity against A. flavus confirmed that free OEO can effectively delay the fungal growth, unlike encapsulated OEO. Regarding texture profile and starch digestibility: cake with β‐CD/OEO showed lower hardness (31.64 N) and lower starch digestibility (69.10%) than cake with free OEO (44.30 N; 82.10%, respectively) and the addition of OEO (both free and encapsulated) decreased the adhesiveness of the cakes. Cake with free OEO showed a higher intensity of orange aroma, being preferred by 60% of panelists, whereas cake with β‐CD/OEO presented a very slight orange taste and aroma.CONCLUSIONThe encapsulation of OEO into β‐CD improved the crumb texture of cakes and promoted a lower starch digestibility in the cakes. On the other hand, the encapsulation process was not effective under the conditions tested (OEO concentration and baking temperatures), compromising the action of the OEO as a natural flavoring and preservative agent. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Automatic Classification of Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis Using Ultrasound Images and Deep Learning
Authors: Wu Miao , Yan Chuanbo , Wang Xiaorong , Liu Qian , Liu Zhihua , Song Tao 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundHepatic cystic echinococcosis is the main form of hepatic echinococcosis, which is a life‐threatening liver disease caused by parasites that requires a precise diagnosis and proper treatment.ObjectiveThis study focuses on the automatic classification system of five different subtypes of hepatic cystic echinococcosis based on ultrasound images and deep learning algorithms.MethodsThree popular deep convolutional neural networks (VGG19, Inception‐v3, and ResNet18) with and without pretrained weights were selected to test their performance on the classification task, and the experiments were followed by a 5‐fold cross‐validation process.ResultsA total of 1820 abdominal ultrasound images covering five subtypes of hepatic cystic echinococcosis from 967 patients were used in the study. The classification accuracy for the models with pretrained weights (fine‐tuning) ranged from 88.2 to 90.6%. The best accuracy of 90.6% was obtained by VGG19. For comparison, the models without pretrained weights (from scratch) achieved a lower accuracy, ranging from 69.4 to 75.1%.ConclusionDeep convolutional neural networks with pretrained weights are capable of recognizing different subtypes of hepatic cystic echinococcosis from ultrasound images, which are expected to be applied in the computer‐aided diagnosis systems in future work.
Allergy‐Related Sialodochitis: A Preliminary Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Ya‐Ning , Zhang Li‐Qi , Zhang Ya‐Qiong , Chen Yan , Liu Deng‐Gao , Yu Guang‐Yan 
Published: March 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo explore the clinically feasible diagnosis criteria and treatment outcomes of allergy‐related sialodochitis (ARS).Study DesignProspective Cohort Study.MethodsNinety‐six consecutive patients were enrolled by the following criteria: 1) recurrent swelling of ≥2 large salivary glands that lasted for ≥3 months; 2) with mucus plug exudations; 3) with atopic diseases; 4) ductal stenosis and/or ectasia. Sixty‐four patients with elevation of peripheral blood eosinophil (PBE) and/or serum IgE level comprised group A (highly‐suspected ARS group), while the remaining 32 comprised group B (patients without confirmed evidence of ARS). These patients were treated with interventional endoscopy. A chronic obstructive sialadenitis symptom (COSS) questionnaire was used to quantify the treatment outcomes.ResultsIn group A, Serum IgE was elevated in 84.4% of patients and PBE was elevated in 34.4% of patients. Percentage of submandibular gland involvement was higher in group A than group B (48.4% vs. 18.8%). On sialograms, the snowflake changes of branch ducts were seen in higher percentage of group A compared with group B (59% vs. 35% for parotid glands, 27% vs. 8% for submandibular glands, respectively). Mucus plug smears showed abundant eosinophils in 14 group A patients. Biopsy of five group A patients revealed significant eosinophil infiltration around the main and interlobular ducts. During follow‐up, the COSS scores were significantly decreased in both groups, and group B was improved better than group A.ConclusionPBE and serum IgE are important diagnostic indexes of ARS. Mucus plug smear or histopathology verifies the diagnosis. Interventional endoscopy is helpful for ARS cases.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:2030–2035, 2021
Innovating Parkinson's Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Telemedicine Depression Treatment
Authors: Dobkin Roseanne D. , Mann Sarah L. , Weintraub Daniel , Rodriguez Kailyn M. , Miller Rachael B. , St. Hill Lauren , King Arlene , Gara Michael A. , Interian Alejandro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundFor several decades, a myriad of factors have contributed to the inadequate diagnosis and management of depression in Parkinson's disease (PD), leaving up to 60% of significantly symptomatic patients untreated. Poor access to evidence‐based neuropsychiatric care is one major barrier to achieving optimal Parkinson's outcomes.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of individual Parkinson's‐informed, video‐to‐home cognitive‐behavioral therapy (experimental group), to clinic‐based treatment as usual (control group), for depression in PD.MethodNinety United States military veterans with clinical diagnoses of both depression and PD were computer‐randomized (1:1) to either the experimental or control group; randomization was stratified by baseline antidepressant use and blind to all other baseline data. The acute treatment period spanned 10 weeks and was followed by a 6‐month extension phase. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was the a priori primary outcome. Depression treatment response was defined as a score ≤2 on the Clinical Global Impression Improvement Scale. All statistical analyses were intent to treat.ResultsVideo‐to‐home cognitive‐behavioral therapy outperformed clinic‐based treatment as usual across three separate depression measures (P < 0.001). Effects were observed at the end of acute treatment and maintained through 6‐month follow‐up. Number needed to treat (based on treatment response classification) was 2.5 with an absolute risk reduction of 40%.ConclusionVideo‐to‐home cognitive‐behavioral therapy may be an effective intervention to bypass access barriers to specialized, evidence‐based depression care in PD and to address the unmet neuropsychiatric treatment needs of the Parkinson's community. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Possible influence of the convection schemes in regional climate model RegCM4.6 for climate services over Central Africa
Authors: Komkoua Mbienda A. J. , Guenang G. M. , Tanessong R. S. , Ashu Ngono S. V. , Zebaze S. , Vondou D. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study we evaluate the reliability of the Regional Climate Model (RegCM4.6) by performing several sensitivity tests at 50 km horizontal resolution using 10 convection schemes or combination of convection schemes. Emphasis on model output is made for the September–October–November 2017–2019 seasonal period. Part of the Central African region, five sub‐regions, was identified. The simulated temperatures are compared to the daily climatology of near‐surface temperature of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis fifth‐generation and the National Center for Environmental Prediction datasets, while the simulated precipitations are compared to the precipitation of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project and Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations datasets. In most analyses, the Grell scheme with Arakawa–Schubert closure assumption tends to have the best index of agreement but its spatial distribution shows underestimation of rainfall. Generally, the Emanuel convection scheme is more suitable to represent rainfall and temperature over Central Africa. Compared to our previous study (Komkoua Mbiendaet al.,International Journal of Climatology, 2017, 37, 328–342), the present study shows that we have to pay attention to the choice of convective scheme when using any version of RegCM4 released for climate study over Central Africa. This choice is strictly related to the RegCM version released, the study years and the season. It is important to note, however, that the results presented are a preliminary study of the response to the selected convection schemes. The analysis uses a limited sample of climate model simulation (three model years for each convection scheme). Follow‐up work, featuring longer duration climate simulations and a full assessment of statistical significance, is therefore required to confirm the robustness of the analysis presented.
Development of objective forecast guidance on tropical cyclone rapid intensity change
Authors: Tam Hiu‐fai , Choy Chun‐wing , Wong Wai‐kin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractForecasting tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and rapid intensification (RI) are major challenges for numerical weather prediction models. In the present study, a model post‐processing technique, namely the TC intensity guidance on rapid intensification (TINT‐RI), has been developed for the western North Pacific basin (South China Sea excluded). It combines logistic regression and the naïve Bayes classifier to provide RI forecasts up to the next 48 hr. Predictors describing physical and environmental conditions are taken from the outputs of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts model and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration tropical cyclone heat potential field. Several observed TC characteristics such as persistence (change of past 12 hr intensity) are also included in the algorithm. To further reduce the false alarm ratio, the TINT‐RI makes reference to the intensity forecasts from a previously developed statistical‐dynamical TC intensity forecast model and the change of model vertical wind shear. Verification for TCs with RI reveals that the TINT‐RI is significantly more skilful than the direct model outputs from major global numerical weather prediction models and climatology. A case study on extreme RI of Super Typhoon Hato (1713) during its substantial intensification over the Luzon Strait before entering the northern part of the South China Sea is presented to discuss the performance of the TINT‐RI. Potential ways to improve the TINT‐RI such as using sea surface temperature and its anomaly as the oceanic predictor are discussed.
The Spinal Muscular Atrophy Health Index: A novel outcome for measuring how a patient feels and functions
Authors: Zizzi Christine E. , Luebbe Elizabeth , Mongiovi Phillip , Hunter Michael , Dilek Nuran , Garland Connie , Ciafaloni Emma , Zaidman Craig M. , Kissel John T. , McDermott Michael P. , Johnson Nicholas , Sansone Valeria , Heatwole Chad R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe Spinal Muscular Atrophy Health Index (SMA‐HI) is a multifaceted, disease‐specific, patient‐reported outcome to measure an SMA patient's perception of their disease burden. In preparation for upcoming therapeutic trials, we examine the validity, reliability, and usability of the SMA‐HI in adults, teenagers, and children with SMA.MethodsUsing data from a cross‐sectional study of 359 international adult patients with SMA, we identified the most relevant symptoms to include in the SMA‐HI. We utilized factor analysis, patient interviews with adults and minors (age 8‐15 years), known‐group validity testing, and test‐retest reliability assessments to evaluate and refine the SMA‐HI.ResultsThe SMA‐HI measures overall disease burden and 15 areas of SMA health. Fifteen adult patients and five patients, age 8 to 15 years, participated in semistructured qualitative interviews and found the SMA‐HI to be comprehensive, easily completed, and to have clear meaning. The final SMA‐HI and its subscales demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.77‐0.96), high test‐retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.60‐0.96), and an ability to differentiate between SMA groups with different disease severities affecting areas such as employment and ambulation (P < .0001 for both).DiscussionThis research provides evidence that the SMA‐HI is a valid, relevant, and reliable outcome measure to assess multifaceted patient‐reported disease burden in older children, teenagers, and adults with SMA. The SMA‐HI provides an opportunity for researchers and clinicians to measure a SMA patient's perception of their health and determine relevant changes in response to therapeutic intervention or disease progression.
Influenza vaccination in autoimmune neuromuscular diseases: A survey of current practices and perceptions
Authors: Roy Bhaskar , Litchman Tess , Torabi Tara , Nowak Richard J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionRecommendations for receiving the influenza vaccination in patients with autoimmune neuromuscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis (MG), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), or Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS), may vary among neurology practitioners. This survey examined the current practices and perceptions of neurologists regarding the influenza vaccination in these patients.MethodsWe performed an Internet‐based survey among neurologists across the United States through online forums for neurologists.ResultsAcross practice settings, 184 neurologists followed 6465 MG, 2313 CIDP, and 1907 GBS patients. Among the respondents, 82.6%, 58.8%, and 42.3% reported that they recommend the influenza vaccine for all patients with MG, CIDP, and GBS, respectively. Respondents practicing for more than 10 y were more conservative in recommending the influenza vaccine for all patients with MG. A history of exacerbation following the influenza vaccine was regarded as the most important factor influencing vaccine recommendation for MG and CIDP.DiscussionInfluenza vaccination recommendation practices varied between surveyed neurologists, despite existing guidelines. Clearer professional society recommendations and education are an unmet need based on this apparent knowledge gap.