bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracorporeal versus extracorporeal urinary diversion in robot-assisted radical cystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Katayama Satoshi , Mori Keiichiro , Pradere Benjamin , Mostafaei Hadi , Schuettfort Victor M. , Quhal Fahad , Motlagh Reza Sari , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Moschini Marco , Grossmann Nico C. , Nasu Yasutomo , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Fajkovic Harun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess and compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes of intracorporeal (ICUD) and extracorporeal (ECUD) urinary diversion following robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). A systematic literature search of articles was performed in PubMed®, Web of Science®, and Scopus®databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. We included studies that compared patients who underwent RARC with ICUD to those with ECUD. Twelve studies including 3067 patients met the eligibility criteria. There were no significant differences between ICUD and ECUD in overall and major complications, regardless of the period (short-term [≤ 30 days] or mid-term [> 30 days]). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that ICUD performed by high-volume centers exhibited a significantly reduced risk of major complications (short-term: OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37–0.86,p = 0.008, mid-term: OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46–0.94,p = 0.02). Patients who underwent ICUD had lower estimated blood loss (MD -102.3 ml, 95% CI − 132.8 to − 71.8,p < 0.00001), less likely to receive blood transfusion rates (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.20–0.62,p = 0.00003); and these findings were consistent in subgroup analyses by low-volume centers (MD-121.6 ml, 95% CI − 160.9 to − 82.3,p < 0.00001 and OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.20–0.62,p = 0.00003, respectively). ICUD had a higher lymph node yield (MD 3.68, 95% CI 0.80–6.56,p = 0.01). Patients receiving ICUD provided comparable complications, superior perioperative outcomes, and similar oncological outcomes compared with ECUD. Centralization of patients may contribute to a reduction of postoperative complications, while maintaining the advantages.
Using emotion recognition technologies to teach children with autism spectrum disorder how to identify and express emotions
Authors: Garcia-Garcia Jose Maria , Penichet Victor M. R. , Lozano Maria D. , Fernando Anil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD), which since 2013 is considered as an umbrella term for several disorders such as autistic syndrome, Asperger’s disorder and pervasive developmental disorder, is characterized, among other aspects, by deficits in social-emotion reciprocity. This deficit manifests itself as a reduced sharing of emotions and an increased difficulty in interpreting emotions other people are feeling, which in the end leads to more impairments in social communication. Since it is possible to help a person with ASD (especially children) to improve their ability to understand and detect emotions, we have developed a proposal which integrates emotion recognition technologies, often used in the field of HCI, to try to overcome this difficulty. In this paper, we present a novel software application developed as a serious game to teach children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to identify and express emotions. The system incorporates cutting-edge technology to support novel interaction mechanisms based on tangible user interfaces (TUIs) and emotion recognition from facial expressions. In this way, children interact with the system in a natural way by simply grasping objects with their hands and using their faces. The system has been assessed on the premises of an association with children with ASD. The outcomes of the evaluation are very positive and support the validity of the proposal.
NANO-studio, the design environment of filter banks implemented in standard CMOS technology
Authors: Handkiewicz Andrzej , Naumowicz Mariusz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper presents a method of optimizing frequency characteristics of filter banks in terms of their implementation in digital CMOS technologies in nanoscale. Usability of such filters is demonstrated by frequency-interleaved (FI) analog-to-digital converters (ADC). An analysis filter present in these converters was designed in switched-current technique. However, due to huge technological pitch of standard digital CMOS process in nanoscale, its characteristics substantially deviate from the required ones. NANO-studio environment presented in the paper allows adjustment, with transistor channel sizes as optimization parameters. The same environment is used at designing a digital synthesis filter, whereas optimization parameters are input and output conductances, gyration transconductances and capacitances of a prototype circuit. Transition between analog s and digital z domains is done by means of bilinear transformation. Assuming a lossless gyrator-capacitor (gC) multiport network as a prototype circuit, both for analysis and synthesis filter banks in FI ADC, is an implementation of the strategy to design filters with low sensitivity to parameter changes. An additional advantage is designing the synthesis filter as stable infinite impulse response (IIR) instead of commonly used finite impulse response (FIR) filters. It provides several dozen-fold saving in the number of applied multipliers.. The analysis and synthesis filters in FI ADC are implemented as filter pairs. An additional example of three-filter bank demonstrates versatility of NANO-studio software.
Business and Human Rights: A Configurational View of the Antecedents of Human Rights Infringements by Emerging Market Firms
Authors: Ciravegna Luciano , Nieri Federica 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the antecedents of human rights infringements (HRIs) by emerging market firms (EFs). We used fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine HRIs in 245 firms based in eight emerging markets, between 2003 and 2012. Our findings disclose three equifinal configurations of high levels of HRIs, all involving EFs that have expanded to a high number of foreign markets: (i) large, old, low performing state-owned enterprises (SOEs) operating in high quality institutions’ home and host markets, (ii) small, young, over-performing EFs operating in low quality institutions’ home and host markets, and finally (iii) large, old, high performing SOEs, operating in low quality institutions’ home and host markets. We contribute to the literature by examining a novel dataset on HRIs by EFs, and by building a configurational explanation of HRIs that bridges the arguments of the institutional theory and strain theory literatures on corporate wrongdoing.
Accuracy of echocardiographic estimates of pulmonary artery pressures in pulmonary hypertension: insights from the KARUM hemodynamic database
Authors: Venkateshvaran Ashwin , Seidova Natavan , Tureli Hande Oktay , Kjellström Barbro , Lund Lars H. , Tossavainen Erik , Lindquist Per 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccurate assessment of pulmonary artery (PA) pressures is integral to diagnosis, follow-up and therapy selection in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Despite wide utilization, the accuracy of echocardiography to estimate PA pressures has been debated. We aimed to evaluate echocardiographic accuracy to estimate right heart catheterization (RHC) based PA pressures in a large, dual-centre hemodynamic database. Consecutive PH referrals that underwent comprehensive echocardiography within 3 h of clinically indicated right heart catheterization were enrolled. Subjects with absent or severe, free-flowing tricuspid regurgitation (TR) were excluded. Accuracy was defined as mean bias between echocardiographic and invasive measurements on Bland–Altman analysis for the cohort and estimate difference within ± 10 mmHg of invasive measurements for individual diagnosis. In 419 subjects, echocardiographic PA systolic and mean pressures demonstrated minimal bias with invasive measurements (+ 2.4 and + 1.9 mmHg respectively) but displayed wide limits of agreement (− 20 to + 25 and − 14 to + 18 mmHg respectively) and frequently misclassified subjects. Recommendation-based right atrial pressure (RAP) demonstrated poor precision and was falsely elevated in 32% of individual cases. Applying a fixed, median RAP to echocardiographic estimates resulted in relatively lower bias between modalities when assessing PA systolic (+ 1.4 mmHg; 95% limits of agreement + 25 to − 22 mmHg) and PA mean pressures (+ 1.4 mmHg; 95% limits of agreement + 19 to − 16 mmHg). Echocardiography accurately represents invasive PA pressures for population studies but may be misleading for individual diagnosis owing to modest precision and frequent misclassification. Recommendation-based estimates of RAPmean may not necessarily contribute to greater accuracy of PA pressure estimates.
Plural media ethics? Reformist Islam in India and the limits of global media ethics
Authors: Kramer Max 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe transatlantic field of global media ethics is premised on a search for the conceptual foundations of plurality. This article is a critique of this very endeavor. I offer this critique through works authored by moral anthropologists of Islam and through a close reading of the Urdu textCyberistan: Muslim Naujavan Aur Social Media(Cyberistan: Muslim Youth and Social Media) authored by Sadatullah Husaini, the current president of the Indian reformist Islamic organization Jamaat-e-Islami Hind. My article is a post-foundational critique of the implicit foundationalism through which “Islam” and “plurality” are related to each other within inquiries into the ethics of digital communication. I take on digital communication because of its increasingly global and synchronic nature that rendered questions concerning plurality in media ethics particularly urgent. I argue that even though it is important to ask what difference means conceptually for a global media ethics today, it can only make space for radical plurality via the negative, by way of its contradictions and structural constraints. If a global media ethics is supposed to be based on openness and plurality, it can be so only by limiting and weakening its own ontological claims – beyond positive metaphysical groundings, cultures, civilizations, Islam, etc. In other words, it requires a reflexivity to its own position as an academic discipline that produces knowledge under certain historical conditions and an understanding of its own political practice.
Pre-service mathematics teachers’ professional modeling competencies: a comparative study between Germany, Mainland China, and Hong Kong
Authors: Yang Xinrong , Schwarz Björn , Leung Issic K. C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlthough mathematical modeling plays an important role in many curricula worldwide, significant discrepancies persist in the importance of mathematical modeling in ordinary mathematics classrooms and teacher education. This paper compares pre-service mathematics teachers’ professional mathematical modeling competencies in three different regions—Germany, Mainland China, and Hong Kong—where educational and cultural traditions differ, including the role of mathematical modeling. In total, 232 pre-service mathematics teachers from the three regions completed a modeling task covering mathematics content knowledge (MCK) of modeling and mathematical pedagogical content knowledge (MPCK) of modeling. The results show that pre-service teachers from Germany demonstrated the strongest MCK and MPCK of mathematical modeling; by contrast, pre-service mathematics teachers from Mainland China and Hong Kong demonstrated relatively weaker MCK and MPCK of mathematical modeling. MCK and MPCK of mathematical modeling were also found to be unevenly developed at different competence levels for the three regions. These differences may be attributed to the history of mathematical modeling in mathematics curricula, teacher education, and teaching culture in these three regions.
Practical Security of RSA Against NTC-Architecture Quantum Computing Attacks
Authors: Li Kai , Cai Qing-yu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuantum algorithms can greatly speed up computation in solving some classical problems, while the computational power of quantum computers should also be restricted by laws of physics. Due to quantum time-energy uncertainty relation, there is a lower limit of the evolution time for a given quantum operation, and therefore the time complexity must be considered when the number of serial quantum operations is particularly large. When the key length is about at the level of KB (encryption and decryption can be completed in a few minutes by using standard programs), it will take at least 50-100 years for NTC (Neighbor-only, Two-qubit gate, Concurrent) architecture ion-trap quantum computers to execute Shor’s algorithm. For NTC architecture superconducting quantum computers with a code distance 27 for error-correcting, when the key length increased to 16 KB, the cracking time will also increase to 100 years that far exceeds the coherence time. This shows the robustness of the updated RSA against practical quantum computing attacks.
Integrating simulation into design: an experiment in pedagogical environments
Authors: Lee Sungeun , Choi Bokgiu , Maia Camilla Cavalcante , Park Jaewan , Youm Sang Hoon , Lee Sangwon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith the growing complexity of design technology and the emergence of intelligent design assistance, architectural studio classes are facing a new pedagogical paradigm. The digital literacy of younger generations and availability of scientific simulation have the potential to transform the traditional master–apprentice model. In our experiment, we had students perform a museum layout task and observed their behaviors from three perspectives: (1) how students utilize an assistance tool and whether we can group their behavior, (2) how the new simulation-aided design process is different from a traditional one, particularly in terms of the evolution of solution over iteration, and (3) whether students' behavior is affected by the type of design problem given. Protocol analysis on design processes and interviews revealed that individual’s characteristic design processes in terms of iteration ranged from distinct iterations guided by simulation to monotonous progress with little simulation. When comparing between an instructor and software, it was not the given environment but the designer’s subjectivity that determined their attitudes toward either type of feedback. Lastly, the challenge of integrating design concepts with performance requirements stemmed from a misalignment between their true evaluative measures. We propose that a versatile design platform implement real-time, non-intrusive mechanisms for performance reporting and solution branching, and include social and psychological measures as well as physical ones in order to expand designers’ concept choices.
Exploring Posttraumatic Growth in Sierra Leone Using Mixed Methods
Authors: Exenberger Silvia , Steidl Andreas , Kamara Aruna , Huber Alexandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Sierra Leonean population has faced severe collective traumata (e.g., civil war, Ebola). Although adversities have a devastating impact on people’s lives, there is strong evidence that the struggle with stressful life events can lead to positive changes, which is called posttraumatic growth (PTG). Across many cultures individuals experience PTG. However, the nature of PTG might be influenced by cultural factors. This study aimed to explore PTG in a Sierra Leonean sample using a convergent parallel mixed methods design. The quantitative study investigated the factor structure of the expanded Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-X). The qualitative study identified emergent PTG themes. In sum, 360 adults reported on their worst experience and completed the PTGI-X; Additionally, 20 participants took part in in-depth interviews. The original factor structure of the PTGI-X did not apply to this Sierra Leonean sample. A one-factor model including 17 items was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The qualitative findings revealed PTG dimensions that corresponded to the original ones, which were summarised into the domain “individual growth” (tranquillity and trust, achievement motivation, existential apperception, emphasis on values of life, benevolence). A new domain “collective growth”, which reflected societal changes, was found as well. That means, in addition to a personal positive transformation, a social transformation was revealed. The findings indicated that an individualistic measurement such as the PTGI-X falls short to examine growth dimensions in non-Western cultures. A broader definition of PTG might foster the integration of different cultural and collective elements that emerge in response to stressful events.
How Communication Technology Fosters Individual and Social Wellbeing During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Support For a Digital Interaction Model
Authors: Canale Natale , Marino Claudia , Lenzi Michela , Vieno Alessio , Griffiths Mark D. , Gaboardi Marta , Giraldo Matteo , Cervone Carmen , Massimo Santinello 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to test an explanatory model for individual and social wellbeing which incorporates the advantages of using digital technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was carried out in Italy, one of the countries that has been most severely affected by the pandemic worldwide. The study was designed to include variables that might be specifically pertinent to the uniqueness of the restrictions imposed by the pandemic. Adults living in Italy (n = 1412) completed an online survey during the lockdown period in March 2020. Results showed two distinct digital interaction processes highlighted by the facilitating use of online emotions (“e-motions”) and online social support (“e-support”). In short, e-motions were positively related to posttraumatic growth, which in turn was positively associated with positive mental health and higher engagement in prosocial behaviors. Moreover, individuals who perceived themselves as having greater e-support were characterized by higher levels of positive mental health, which it turn was positively associated with prosocial behaviors. Collectively, these two digital interaction processes suggest that digital technologies appear to be critical resources in helping individuals cope with difficulties raised by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Routing two stacking cranes with predetermined container sequences
Authors: Briskorn Dirk 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe scheduling of gantry cranes with respect to mutual interference has received considerable attention in recent years. We consider a subproblem which arises when each crane has a sequence of tasks to be assigned. The problem is concerned with resolving the interference between two cranes by determining which crane avoids the other in order to let it complete its next task first. We provide a fairly general problem framework accounting for different crane systems and various side constraints. We assume a cost function for each task that determines the cost of completing the task at a specific point in time. We then distinguish between the objectives to minimize both the total cost and the maximum cost among tasks. A general dynamic programming framework is provided which allows us to solve all problem versions in pseudo-polynomial time. Furthermore, we show that while the general problem aiming for minimum total cost is binary NP-hard, the general problem aiming for minimum maximum cost can be solved in polynomial time. Finally, we address two important special cases of the former, and we show that they can be solved in polynomial time as well.
Landscape configuration of an Amazonian island-like ecosystem drives population structure and genetic diversity of a habitat-specialist bird
Authors: Ritter Camila D. , Ribas Camila C. , Menger Juliana , Borges Sergio H. , Bacon Christine D. , Metzger Jean P. , Bates John , Cornelius Cintia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Context
Amazonian white-sand ecosystems (campinas) are open vegetation patches which form a natural island-like system in a matrix of tropical rainforest. Due to a clear distinction from the surrounding matrix, the spatial characteristics of campina patches may affect the genetic diversity and composition of their specialized organisms, such as the small and endemic passerine Elaenia ruficeps.

Objectives
To estimate the relative contribution of the current extension, configuration and geographical context of campina patches to the patterns of genetic diversity and population structure of E. ruficeps.

Methods
We sampled individuals of E. ruficeps from three landscapes in central Amazonia with contrasting campina spatial distribution, from landscapes with large and connected patches to landscapes with small and isolated patches. We estimated population structure, genetic diversity, and contemporary and historical migration within and among the three landscapes and used landscape metrics as predictor variables. Furthermore, we estimated genetic isolation by distance and resistance within landscapes.

Results
We identified three genetically distinct populations with asymmetrical gene flow among landscapes and a decreasing migration rate with distance. Within each landscape, we found low differentiation without genetic isolation by distance nor by resistance. In contrast, we found differentiation and spatial correlation between landscapes.

Conclusions
Together with previous studies, the population dynamics of E. ruficeps suggests that both regional context and landscape structure shape the connectivity among populations of campina specialist birds. Also, the spatial distribution of Amazonian landscapes, together with their associated biota, has changed in response to climatic changes in the Late Pleistocene.
Ethics as a Service: A Pragmatic Operationalisation of AI Ethics
Authors: Morley Jessica , Elhalal Anat , Garcia Francesca , Kinsey Libby , Mökander Jakob , Floridi Luciano 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs the range of potential uses for Artificial Intelligence (AI), in particular machine learning (ML), has increased, so has awareness of the associated ethical issues. This increased awareness has led to the realisation that existing legislation and regulation provides insufficient protection to individuals, groups, society, and the environment from AI harms. In response to this realisation, there has been a proliferation of principle-based ethics codes, guidelines and frameworks. However, it has become increasingly clear that a significant gap exists between the theory of AI ethics principles and the practical design of AI systems. In previous work, we analysed whether it is possible to close this gap between the ‘what’ and the ‘how’ of AI ethics through the use of tools and methods designed to help AI developers, engineers, and designers translate principles into practice. We concluded that this method of closure is currently ineffective as almost all existing translational tools and methods are either too flexible (and thus vulnerable to ethics washing) or too strict (unresponsive to context). This raised the question: if, even with technical guidance, AI ethics is challenging to embed in the process of algorithmic design, is the entire pro-ethical design endeavour rendered futile? And, if no, then how can AI ethics be made useful for AI practitioners? This is the question we seek to address here by exploring why principles and technical translational tools are still needed even if they are limited, and how these limitations can be potentially overcome by providing theoretical grounding of a concept that has been termed ‘Ethics as a Service.’