bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Molecular Properties and Reactions With Oxidants for Quercetin, Catechin and Naringenin
Authors: Zavodnik Ilya , Veiko Artem G. , Lapshina Elena A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Flavonoids, a large group of secondary plant phenolic metabolites, are important natural antioxidants and regulators of cellular redox balance. The present study addressed the evaluation of the electronic properties of some flavonoids belonging to different classes: quercetin (flavonols), catechin (flavanols), and naringenin (flavanones) and their interactions with oxidants in the model systems of DPPH reduction, flavonoid autoxidation and chlorination. According to our ab initio calculations, the high net negative excess charges of the C rings and the small positive excess charges of the B rings of quercetin, catechin, and naringenin make these parts of flavonoid molecules attractive for electrophilic attack. The 3’-OH group of the B-ring of quercetin has the highest excess negative charge and the lowest energy of hydrogen atom abstraction for the flavonoids studied. The apparent reaction rates (M-1s-1, 20 ºC) and the activation energies (kJ/mol) of DPPH reduction are 4000±1000 and 23.0±2.5 in the case of quercetin, 1100±200 and 32.5±2.5 in the case of catechin, respectively. The stoichiometry of the DPPH – flavonoid reaction was 1:1. The activation energies (kJ/mol) of quercetin and catechin autoxidations were 50.8±6.1 and 58.1±7.2, respectively. Naringenin was not oxidized by the DPPH radical and air oxygen (autoxidation) and the flavonoids studied effectively prevented HOCl-induced hemolysis due to direct scavenging of hypochlorous acid (flavonoid chlorination). The best antioxidant quercetin has the highest value of HOMO energy, the planar structure and the optimal electron orbital delocalization on all phenolic rings due to C2=C3 double bond in the C ring (absent in catechin and naringenin).
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Sudan and Subsequent Pelvic Floor Dysfunction.
Authors: Birge Özer , Serin Aliye Nigar , Bakır Mehmet Sait 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics of women with female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and the results of FGM/C due to pelvic floor dysfunction.Results: The prevalence of FGM/C was 87,2% in Sudan and Type 3 (50.4%) was the most prevalent. Type 3 (50.4%) was the most prevalent, followed by Type 2 (35%) and Type 1 (8.5%). In the multinominal logistic regression analysis performed for the effect of FGM/C alone on pelvic organ prolapse, it was observed that FGM/C in group 2 was not statistically different when the reference category was taken as group 1. In the evaluation for symptomatic POP (group 3), compared to type 3 FGM/C, there was a significantly less risk of developing POP in patients without FGM/C at a rate of 82.9% (OR(odds ratio): 0,171 (p:0,002), (Confidence Interval (CI) %95; 0,058-0,511), in patients with type 1 FGM/C at a rate of 75% (OR:0,250 (p:0,005), CI %95; 0,094-0,666) and in patients with type 2 FGM / C at a rate of 78.4% (OR:0,216 (p:0,0001), CI%95; 0,115-0,406). In the multinominal logistic regression analysis performed by including other variables affecting POP when group 1 was taken as the reference category, we found that the possibility of developing mild POP (group 2) decreased in FGM/C type 1 and 2 compared to FGM/C type 3 but it was not statistically significant. However, the evaluation for symptomatic POP showed up a significantly lower risk of developing POP in patients with type 2 FGM/C at a rate of 58.4%, compared to type 3 FGM/C (OR:0,416 (p:0,016), CI%95; 0,205-0,847). In addition, older age and being unemployed were found to be significant risk factors for increasing symptomatic POP (p:0,004, p:0,045; respectively).Conclusions: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) defined by the World Health Organization and consists of all procedures that involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or another injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural or other non-medical reasons. Especially type 2 and 3 FGM/C continues to be an important health problem in terms of complications that may develop in advanced ages as well as many short-term complications as a result of mechanical or physiological deterioration of the female genital anatomy.
Identification of genes that influence poor prognosis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Lu Yao , Li Yanli , Zeng Xueliang , Li Bei , Xie Qiongjun , Cao Gaolu , Huang Panpan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer in children and adolescents. At present, the 5-year overall survival rate of OS patients is about 65%, and the long-term prognosis is still not ideal. The study was designed to screen genes that could contribute to the poor prognosis of OS and explore their potential pathogenic mechanisms. Methods The gene expression profile of the GSE94805 dataset from the GEO database, containing data from 12 U2OS cell samples, including four control, four quiescent, and four senescent samples was obtained. Co-expressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in OS U2OS cells were selected using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram analysis. Next, using the STRING, Cytoscap, and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plug-in, the related protein-protein interaction network among upregulated genes was analyzed. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier plots were used to analyze the relationship between the identified genes and OS prognosis. Genes significantly associated with worse prognosis were evaluated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. Results Thirteen genes were confirmed to be significantly more expressed in OS than in normal tissues. Five genes (AURKB, EXO1, KIF4A, KIF15, and MCM4) were found to influence OS prognosis. Conclusion We identified five core genes related to the prognosis of OS and constructed a clinical prediction model for OS. Our data may provide a reference for future research on mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of OS.
On active disturbance rejection control for lower-triangular nonlinear uncertain systems with mismatched uncertainties and unknown control coefficients
Authors: Liu Ping , Chen Sen , Zhao Zhi-Liang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper investigates the control problem for a class of lower-triangular nonlinear uncertain systems with mismatched uncertainties and unknown values of control coefficients. Based on the signs of control coefficients rather than the nominal values or the approximative mathematical expressions, a new active disturbance rejection control is proposed. The design procedure can be concluded by three steps: determining the equivalent integrators chain form, constructing the extended state observer to estimate the total disturbance, and designing a dynamical system to let the actual input track the ideal input. Then under a mild assumption for mismatched uncertainties and unknown control coefficients, the paper rigorously analyzes the bounds of tracking error, estimating error and the error between the actual and ideal inputs. The presented theoretical results reveal the strong robustness of the proposed method to mismatched uncertainties and uncertain control input coefficients. Moreover, the tuning law of observer parameter and the parameter of dynamical input design is theoretically shown.
Expression Stability of Internal Reference Gene in Response to Trichoderma polysporum Infection in Avena fatua L.
Authors: Zhu Haixia , Ma Yongqiang , Cheng Liang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to construct a RT-qPCR system suitable for response of Avena fatua L. to Trichoderma polysporum , and screen stable internal reference genes, GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinde were used to perform SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR analysis on 8 candidate internal reference genes ( 18S , 28S , TUA , UBC , ACT , GAPDH , TBP and EF-1 ) in A. fatua samples after inoculation of T. polysporum Strain HZ-31. The results showed that TBP , 18S and UBC were the most stable internal reference genes, TBP and TUA , TBP and GAPDH , 18S and TBP , UBC and 18S were the most suitable combination of the two internal reference genes, which could be used as the internal reference genes for functional gene expression analysis during the interaction between T. polysporum and A. fatua .
Visible-Light Degradation of 2-Chlorophenol by TiO2 doped with Neighboring Transition Metal Cerium via Various Approaches and Operation Parameters
Authors: Lin Justin Chun Te , Tolosa Nolan C. , Sopajaree Khajornsak , Gongglom Anusorn , Jitjanesuwan Thidarat , Lu Ming-Chun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
TiO2-related materials or processes for 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) degradation either under UV or visible light irradiations with key operational conditions was systematically reviewed in the beginning of this study. Cerium (Ce), which was neighboring transition metal elements of titanium (Ti), were individually doped with TiO2 via various methods. Three synthetic parameters in the two approaches were examined their significance by using experimental designs. It was found that the 2-CP can be 100% removal within 4-h irradiation by visible light in the synthetic condition of 0.35 mol.% Ce, 0.15 vol.% nitric acid and calcined at 600oC. Moreover, effects of three operation parameters of the as-prepared catalysts were further investigated. The most efficient condition obtained was 3 g·L− 1 catalysts at initial pH and 2-CP concentration of 7 and 10 mg·L− 1, respectively. A critical parameter, pHpzc of undoped and Ce-doped TiO2, were also determined. In addition, surface area, pore volume and size of both TiO2–based catalysts were found affected by the calcination temperatures and consequently degradation efficiency. The presenting results and mini-review were facilitated the development and applications of TiO2 in the degradation of 2-CP under lower energy radiations.
An integrated design method for remanufacturing process based on performance demand
Authors: Ke Chao , Jiang Zhigang , Zhu Shuo , Wang Yan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Design for remanufacturing process (DFRP) plays a key role in implementing remanufacturing because it directly affects the performance recovery of the End-of-Life (EoL) product. Since the used parts have various failure forms and defects, these make it hard to rapidly generate the remanufacturing process scheme for satisfying the performance demand of the used product. Moreover, remanufacturing process parameters are prone to conflicts during the process of implementing remanufacturing, this leads to the failure of the remanufacturing process. For accurately generating remanufacturing scheme and solving the conflicts, an integrated design method for remanufacturing process based on performance demand is proposed, which can reuse the historical remanufacturing process data for generating the remanufacturing process scheme. Firstly, for accurately describing the performance demand, the Kansei Engineering (KE) and Quality Functional Development (QFD) are applied to analyze the performance demand data and map the demand to the engineering features. Then, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is applied to inversely generate the remanufacturing process scheme rapidly for satisfying the performance demand by reusing the historical remanufacturing process data. Meanwhile, Theory of Constraint (TOC) and TRIZ are used to identify the conflicts of the remanufacturing process and resolve the conflicts for optimizing the remanufacturing process scheme. Finally, DFRP of the saddle guideway is taken as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the result shows the design method can quickly and efficiently generate the remanufacturing process for the EoL guide rail.
Morbidity and Mortality Pattern of Preterm Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in Amhara Region Refferal Hospitals of Ethiopia Retrospective Follow-Up Study
Authors: Kebede Belete Fenta , Genie Yalemtsedhay Dagnaw , Zerihun Mulualem Silesh , Beyene Desalew Tilahun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

Being born preterm low birth weight was found as the main risk factor for neonatal mortality and development of different morbidities. Even though prevalence of preterm low birth weight neonates is high. There is information gap about prevalence of their morbidity and mortality pattern in this study area.
Objective

This study was conducted to assess morbidity and mortality pattern of preterm low birth weight neonates admitted in Amhara region referral hospitals of Ethiopia.
Methodology:

Retrospective follow up study was conducted on preterm low birth weight neonates admitted in Amhara region referral hospital between January 01 /2017 and December 30 /2018. Data were entered to Epi- data 4.4.2.1 and exported to STATA 14 for cleaning and analysis. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the data.
Result

This study revealed that 37.8 %( 95%CI: 32.4–43.5) participants were died. The most common morbidities found in preterm low birth neonates was 219 (75.26%) hypothermia followed by 201(69.07%), 145(49.83%), 39(13.4%) and 24(8.25%) with sepsis, RDS, jaundice, congenital anomaly morbidities respectively. Sepsis (AOR: 2.06(95% CI: 1.05–4.02), RDS (AOR: 3.28 (95% CI: 1.81–5.95), congenital abnormality (AOR: 3.14(95%CI: 1.16–8.54), hypoglycemia (AOR 3.81(95%CI: 1.27–11.44) were independent factors of mortality
Conclusion

In this study, mortality of preterm low birth neonatal was higher and public health issue. Hypothermia, Sepsis, RDS, jaundice and congenital anomaly were common morbidities. Sepsis, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia and congenital anomaly were factors of mortality.
Sex Dimorphism of Birth Weight and Length: Evidence Based on Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Amais Debora Stabile Romero , Silva Tainara Emilia Rodrigues da , Barros Beatriz Amstalden , de Andrade Juliana Gabriel Ribeiro , de Lemos-Marini Sofia Helena Valente , de Mello Maricilda Palandi , Marques-de-Faria Antonia Paula , Mazzola Tais Nitsch , Guaragna Mara Sanches , Fabbri-Scallet Helena , Vieira Tarsis Antonio Paiva , Viguetti-Campos Nilma Lucia , Morcillo Andre Moreno , Hiort Olaf , Maciel-Guerra Andrea Trevas , Guerra-Junior Gil 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the influence of Y chromosome and intrauterine androgens production/action on birth weight and length of children with Disorders/Differences of Sex Development (DSD). This was a cross-sectional and retrospective study. Cases of Turner syndrome (TS), complete (XX and XY), mixed (45,X/46,XY) and partial (XY) gonadal dysgenesis (GD), complete (CAIS) and partial (PAIS) androgen insensitivity syndromes and XX and XY congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were included. Such conditions were grouped according to karyotype and to intrauterine production/action of androgens. The sample consisted of 293 cases, 50 with TS, 28 mixed GD, 117 CAH (49 XY and 68 XX), 18 CAIS, 10 PAIS, 30 partial GD, 10 XY and 30 XX complete GD. Birth weight and length were lower in TS and mixed GD when compared to XY and XX. In turn, patients with increased androgen production/action (117 cases) had higher birth weight and length when compared to those with absent (108 cases) and decreased (68 cases) production/action. It was observed a negative influence of the 45,X/46,XY karyotype in birth weight and a positive influence of increased androgen production/action. Regarding birth length, there was a negative influence of the TS karyotype and of decreased androgen production/action. In conclusion, in DSD, both karyotype, especially with a 45,X cell line, and intrauterine androgenic production/action influence sex dimorphism of birth weight and length. It can be inferred that in children with normal karyotype and without a DSD, this dimorphism is mainly due to intrauterine androgenic production or action.
The Effect of Counseling With Cognitive Behavioral Approach (CBT) on Self-esteem and Body Image of Lactating Mothers: Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Zamiri-Miandoab Nasrin , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Nemati Fatemeh , Kamalifard Mahin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Self-esteem and body image are the factors that change during different periods of a woman’s life. Some of the women experience low self-esteem and negative body image in Pregnancy and postpartum. These two factors along with other factors can reduce the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among women. Cognitive-behavior therapy is one of the psychological approaches that is effective on the betterment of many of the psychological and personality disorders such as body image disorder as well as improvement of self-esteem. The aim of this randomized control trial is to recognize the effects of cognitive-behavior counseling during pregnancy period on self-esteem, body image (primary outcome) and exclusive breastfeeding (secondary outcome).Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 eligible pregnant women referring to health centers of Tabriz-Iran were assigned to two groups of 35 as intervention and control groups using randomized blocking method. For intervention group, 8 sessions of cognitive-behavior therapy based on Cash and Strachan’s therapeutic protocol for body image and Michael Free’s for self-esteem were performed. Rosenberg self-esteem scale and multidimensional body self-relation questionnaire (MBSRQ) were completed before intervention, immediately after intervention, and 4 weeks after delivery. Likewise, exclusive breastfeeding questionnaire was completed 4 weeks after childbirth. Independent t-test, chi square and repeated measures ANOVA tests were used to analyze the data. Results: According to repeated measures ANOVA test and with controlling baseline score, the mean scores on self-esteem (adjusted mean difference (AMD): 7.18; 95%CI: 4.43 to 9.94; p<0.001) and body image (AMD: 49.74; 95%CI: 70.91 to 28.54; p<0.001) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group. 63.6% of intervention group mothers and 30.3% of control group mothers had exclusive breastfeeding which for the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group based on chi square test (p=0.007). Conclusions: Cognitive-behavior approach was effective on the improvement of self-esteem and body image and through which might lead to the increase of exclusive breastfeeding among women. Trial register number: Iranian registry clinical trials (IRCT20110524006582N33). Date of registration: 2020-8-19. URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/43395.
Development and Utilization of Microsatellite Markers to Assess Genetic Variation Coupled with Modelling Range Shifts of Dodonaea Viscosa in Isolated Taita Hills and Mount Kenya Forests
Authors: Saina Josphat K. , Gichira Andrew W. , Ngarega Boniface K. , Li Zhi Zhong , Gituru Robert W. , Hu Guang Wan , Liao Kuo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For the protection and maintenance of fragmented and highly disturbed habitats, understanding genetic variation is essential. The Taita Hills of Kenya is the northernmost part of the Eastern Arc Mountains and has been identified as one of the top 10 biodiversity hotspots globally. The current forests in the Taita Hills have been highly fragmented over the past century. In order to appraise the influence of anthropological disturbance and fragmentation on the genetic variation of Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindaceae), we studied its preliminary genetic variability and population structure using newly developed microsatellite (SSR) markers, combined with ecological niche modeling analyses. We utilized the Illumina paired-end technology to sequence the D. viscosa’s genome and developed its microsatellite markers. In total, 646,428 sequences were analyzed and 49,836 SSRs were identified from 42,638 sequences. A total of 18 primer pairs were designed to test polymorphism among 92 individuals across eight populations. The average observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.119 to 0.982 and from 0.227 to 0.691, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed 78% variance within individuals and only 20% among the eight populations. According to SDM results, D. viscosa’s suitable habitats have been gradually reducing since the last glacial maximum (LGM), and the situation will worsen under the extreme pessimist scenario of RCP 8.5. Moreover, genetic diversity was significantly greater in larger fragments. Therefore, urgent conservation management of smaller fragmented patches is necessary to protect this disturbed region and maintain the genetic resources.
Using A Novel Continuous Bioreactor In Enhancing The Biogas Production
Authors: Khorshidi Mohammad Amui , Beiki Hossein , Kanvisi Mojtaba 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Since fossil fuels are limited and their burning is considered the main reason for environmental pollution, thinkers in the energy section are looking for a substitute for them. They have considered biogas as a potent replacement. Constant composition and volumetric rate, are ones of the challenges faced in term of using biogas. Therefore, in this study, a novel easily portable continuous bioreactor was designed and constructed to produce biogas at constant composition and volumetric rate, which is suitable for human uses. Sugar beet waste and anaerobic sludge were used as substrate and inoculum with an S/I ratio of 0.5 to 1, to produce biogas. Four parameters, i.e., hydraulic retention time (HRT), pH, biogas volume, and methane composition, were measured and compared.Results: The results of the mentioned reactor were compared with those of batch ones. The measurement revealed that the continuous reactor had a good performance on biogas purity and volumetric rate. The biogas contained about 53% methane. The suitable and preferable HRT and organic loading rate (OLR) were 18 days and 34.86 g VS/day. After the 18th day of operation, the biogas production process inside the continuous reactor was stable reaching about 411.2 ml STD/g VS per day.Conclusions: The reactor designed makes the biogas production process more manageable. Besides the production of the cumulative volume of biogas and constant methane percentage was achieved. As a result, the biogas produced is consumed daily, and a certain amount of gas is available every day. Since the percentage of gas produced is constant, it is possible to adjust the gas appliances with this amount of methane.