bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interplay of familial warmth and LGBTQ+ specific family rejection on LGBTQ+ adolescents’ self‐esteem
Authors: Meanley Steven , Flores Dalmacio D. , Listerud Louis , Chang Cindy J. , Feinstein Brian A. , Watson Ryan J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionOur study sought to assess the interplay of family dynamics, namely familial warmth and LGBTQ+ specific rejection, and its association to self‐esteem in a non‐probabilistic sample of LGBTQ+ adolescents in the United States.MethodsStratified by (1) cisgender and (2) transgender and non‐binary LGBTQ+ adolescents (N = 8774), we tested multivariable regression analyses to assess the association between familial warmth and LGBTQ+ specific family rejection, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. We then conducted a sub‐analysis with LGBTQ+ adolescents who reported being out to any family member about their LGBTQ+ identity; specifically, we tested a series of multivariable regression models to assess whether levels of LGBTQ+ specific family rejection attenuated the association between familial warmth and self‐esteem.ResultsFull sample models indicated a positive association between familial warmth and self‐esteem. Findings from our sub‐analysis indicated that familial warmth remained positively linked to self‐esteem and family rejection was negatively associated with self‐esteem. Family rejection was a statistically significant moderator, attenuating the association between familial warmth and self‐esteem. With respect to being out about one's sexual orientation, these findings were robust across gender stratification groups.ConclusionsFamilies of origin serve as sources of stress and resilience for LGBTQ+ adolescents. Our findings contribute support to arguments that familial warmth and LGBTQ+ specific rejection are not mutually‐exclusive experiences among LGBTQ+ adolescents. We provide recommendations for multilevel interventions to leverage activities that support positive family dynamics and self‐esteem among LGBTQ+ adolescents.
Emergency preparedness: What is the future?
Authors: Herstein Jocelyn J. , Schwedhelm Michelle M. , Vasa Angela , Biddinger Paul D. , Hewlett Angela L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEmergency preparedness programs have evolved over the last several decades as communities have responded to natural, intentional, and accidental disasters. This evolution has resulted in a comprehensive all-hazards approach centered around 4 fundamental phases spanning the entire disaster life cycle: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Increasing frequency of outbreaks and epidemics of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in the last decade has emphasized the significance of healthcare emergency preparedness programs, but the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has tested healthcare facilities’ emergency plans and exposed vulnerabilities in healthcare emergency preparedness on a scale unexperienced in recent history. We review the 4 phases of emergency management and explore the lessons to be learned from recent events in enhancing health systems capabilities and capacities to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from biological threats or events, whether it be a pandemic or a single case of an unknown infectious disease. A recurring cycle of assessing, planning, training, exercising, and revising is vital to maintaining healthcare system preparedness, even in absence of an immediate, high probability threat. Healthcare epidemiologists and infection preventionists must play a pivotal role in incorporating lessons learned from the pandemic into emergency preparedness programs and building more robust preparedness plans.
Tacit Knowing: What it is and Why it Matters
Authors: Malik Abida 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTacit knowing as a concept and legitimate topic of scholarship came up in philosophical research in the second half of the 20th century in the form of some influential works by Michael Polanyi (although similar concepts had been discussed before). Systematic epistemological studies on the topic are still scarce, however. In this article, I support the thesis that tacit knowing pervades all our common major divisions of knowledge and that it therefore must not be neglected in epistemological research. By this approach I am simultaneously giving a systematic back-up for Polanyi's claim that the tacit component is found in all knowledge.
Evaluation of health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of undergraduate students by cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Aydin Volkan , Vizdiklar Caner , Akici Ahmet , Akman Mehmet , Gogas Yavuz Dilek , Altikardes Zehra Aysun , Kucukguzel S. Guniz , Topcu Mumine , Aysevinc Berrin , Fak Ali Serdar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim:
To determine the presence of cardiovascular (CV) risk (CVR) factors in university students and evaluate how these factors are affected from the knowledge, attitudes, and habits of the individuals regarding healthy lifestyle.

Background:
Starting from early ages, lifestyle habits such as lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating, and inappropriate drug use increase CV and metabolic risks of individuals.

Methods:
In April–May 2018, sociodemographic characteristics of 770 undergraduate students, in addition to their knowledge, attitudes, and habits regarding their nutrition and physical activity status were obtained through face-to-face questionnaires. CVR factors were determined according to blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol levels, and anthropometric measurements. Collected data were compared by CVR factor presence (CV[+] or CV[−]) in students.

Findings:
The mean age of the participants was 22.3 ± 2.6 years. 59.6% were female and 71.5% were students of non-health sciences. In total, 274 individuals (35.9%) belonged to CV(+) group (mean risk number: 1.3 ± 0.5) with higher frequency in males (42.1% versus 31.6%, P < 0.05). The most common CVR factors were smoking (20.6%), high total cholesterol (7.5%), and hypertension/high blood pressure (6.0%). 15.5% of the participants regularly used at least one drug/non-pharmaceutical product. 11.3% complied the Mediterranean diet well. 21.9% of CV(+) stated consuming fast food at lunch compared to 14.3% of CV(−) (P < 0.05). 44.6% stated exercising below the CV-protective level.

Conclusions:
This study showed one-third of university students was at CVR, independent of their sociodemographic characteristics. Furthermore, the students appear to perform below expectations in terms of nutrition and physical activity. Extensive additional measures are needed to encourage young individuals for healthy nutritional and physical activity habits.
The Relationship Between Upward Propagating Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Ionospheric Irregularities During Solar Minimum Periods
Authors: Seba Ephrem B. , Nigussie Melessew , Giday Nigussie M. , Moldwin Mark B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present a study on the relationship between upward propagating gravity waves and ionospheric irregularities. Gravity waves (GWs) are identified from Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite temperature measurements and nighttime ionospheric irregularities are observed from the three Swarm satellites. Using these two independent set of measurements, we investigate the relationship between gravity waves and ionospheric irregularities on both equinox and solstice seasons for the years 2018–2019. The results show, post‐sunset gravity wave characteristics are important in understanding the variability of global nighttime equatorial plasma density irregularities. We also find out that the pre‐midnight and post‐midnight characteristics of ionospheric irregularities show global westward shift in the occurrence of ionospheric irregularities. Upward propagating gravity waves also show three dominant peaks longitudinally with the strongest being between American and African longitudinal sectors. Strongest gravity wave amplitudes are associated with strongest plasma irregularities. GW suppression is observed around equatorial regions at stratopause region in our measurements which are commonly observed at polar and higher latitudinal regions in many studies. We also observe that, ionospheric irregularities are strongest when GWs are relatively less suppressed.
Advancing Process Representation in Hydrological Models: Integrating New Concepts, Knowledge, and Data
Authors: Guse Björn , Fatichi Simone , Gharari Shervan , Melsen Lieke A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractModel fidelity and accuracy in process representations have been the crux of scientific hydrological modeling, creating a pressing need for a better linkage between the development of hydrological models and the growing number of data sources and measurement techniques. Improved representation of process dynamics in hydrological models can provide new insights into complex hydrological systems and point out less understood natural phenomena that need further investigation. This special issue includes contributions that offer potential solutions and strategies to improve and test the representation of hydrological processes. We have organized the special issue contributions into four topical categories: (a) Beyond streamflow, which looks into the power of complementary data sources in addition to traditionally used streamflow for process inference. (b) Challenge of subsurface hydrology, that reflects on lesser understood processes under the surface and their impact on the model structure. (c) Evaporation in hydrological modeling, linking ecological aspects to the hydrological functioning of the natural system. Finally, (d) top down vs. bottom up modeling approaches, relied upon for process representation analysis. The special issue and our reflection on the contributions present a snapshot of ongoing efforts for integrating new concepts, knowledge, and data in process representation in hydrological models.
Interdisciplinary Symptom Management in Pediatric Palliative Care: A Case Report
Authors: Kentor Rachel A. , Krinock Pamela , Placencia Jennifer , Cousins Danielle , Hellsten Melody 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Pediatric palliative care (PPC) services strive to prevent and relieve suffering among children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic and/or life-limiting illnesses. The current case report aims to illustrate the methods and effectiveness of an interdisciplinary palliative care team in symptom management of a 19-year-old Mexican American female with complex medical and psychosocial needs, including a history of labor trafficking. The patient, in leukemic remission at time of admission, required close collaboration of subspecialties including Psychology, Pediatric Advanced Care Team, Pain Team, Spiritual Care, and Rehabilitation to comprehensively address total pain. Method: Data were retrospectively extracted from the patient’s medical chart, including numerical pain ratings across time, relative hours of monthly service provision by interdisciplinary specialty, and timeline of medical interventions. Results: Results demonstrated a decrease in patient pain scores over time despite progression of physical deterioration and disability. Characterization of service provision revealed flexibility within and across subspecialties as the patient’s condition evolved. One year following discharge, the patient was reevaluated by Psychology and demonstrated remarkable physical rehabilitation gains as well as resolution of mood and anxiety concerns (evidenced by subclinical scores on the PHQ-9 and GAD-7). Conclusion: Results demonstrate the effectiveness of psychological, spiritual, and palliative care efforts in tandem with tailored medical intervention to address “total pain” and improve patient outcomes. Influences of cultural practices and spiritual beliefs on pediatric palliative care are highlighted throughout. The relative variance of service provision within and across time points illustrates the flexible and complementary nature of PPC services. Implications for Impact Statement This case study illustrates the methods and effectiveness of culturally syntonic, interdisciplinary symptom management in pediatric palliative care. It exemplifies how psychological, spiritual, and palliative care efforts, in tandem with tailored medical intervention, can reduce a patient’s total pain despite progressive physical deterioration and disability.
Health Disparities: Barriers to Building Evidence for Effective Palliative End-of-Life Care for Spanish-Speaking Teens With Cancer
Authors: Lyon Maureen E. , Arem Hannah , Jacobs Shana S. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: The efficacy of pediatric advance care planning (pACP) has been demonstrated in English-speaking adolescents with cancer and HIV, but not in other populations. The purpose of this study was to (a) adapt and refine a three-session pACP intervention for Spanish-speaking adolescents with cancer and (b) evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety. Method: Using a community-based participatory approach and key informant interviews, we identified important themes: respect for physicians, need for community education about pACP, fear of deportation, and the importance of including family for any pediatric intervention. Results: Using an iterative process, we adapted/refined an existing pACP protocol. The outcome was a culturally adapted and manualized curriculum with a manual of operating procedures, as well as consents, assents, study questionnaires, and a REDCap database in English and Spanish. Questionnaires about spirituality and religion were acceptable. Conclusions: Results suggest that pACP would be feasible, following community education, if delivered during a hospital visit with the patient and family together along with a Spanish-speaking facilitator so a translator is not needed. Support was needed to complete hospital documents, which even in Spanish were not always understandable. Implications for Impact Statement We adapted a culturally sensitive version of a pediatric advance care planning program. Challenges were cultural differences and fear of deportation. Study findings highlight the importance of pediatric psychologists’ role as community educators, advocates with legislators, and clinicians committed to tackling taboo subjects and decreasing health disparities.
Ketamine induces opposite changes in AMPA receptor calcium permeability in the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens
Authors: Skiteva Olga , Yao Ning , Chergui Karima 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKetamine elicits rapid and durable antidepressant actions in treatment-resistant patients with mood disorders such as major depressive disorder and bipolar depression. The mechanisms might involve the induction of metaplasticity in brain regions associated with reward-related behaviors, mood, and hedonic drive, particularly the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc). We have examined if ketamine alters the insertion of the GluA2 subunit of AMPA receptors (AMPAR), which determines calcium permeability of the channel, at glutamatergic synapses onto dopamine (DA) neurons in the VTA and spiny projection neurons (SPNs) in the Core region of the NAc. Mice received one injection of either saline or a low dose of ketamine 24 h before electrophysiological recordings were performed. We found that GluA2-lacking calcium-permeable (CP) AMPARs were present in DA neurons in the VTA of mice treated with saline, and that ketamine-induced the removal of a fraction of these receptors. In NAc SPNs, ketamine induced the opposite change, i.e., GluA2-lacking CP-AMPARs were inserted at glutamatergic synapses. Ketamine-induced metaplasticity was independent of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) because an agonist of these receptors had similar effects on glutamatergic transmission in mice treated with saline and in mice treated with ketamine in both VTA DA neurons and in the NAc. Thus, ketamine reduces the insertion of CP-AMPARs in VTA DA neurons and induces their insertion in the NAc. The mechanism by which ketamine elicits antidepressant actions might thus involve an alteration in the contribution of GluA2 to AMPARs thereby modulating synaptic plasticity in the mesolimbic circuit.
The tyrosine-kinase inhibitor Nintedanib ameliorates autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Jamadar Abeda , Suma Sreenath M. , Mathew Sijo , Fields Timothy A. , Wallace Darren P. , Calvet James P. , Rao Reena 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease and is characterized by progressive growth of fluid-filled cysts. Growth factors binding to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) stimulate cell proliferation and cyst growth in PKD. Nintedanib, a triple RTK inhibitor, targets the vascular endothelial growth-factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth-factor receptor (PDGFR), and fibroblast growth-factor receptor (FGFR), and is an approved drug for the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma and idiopathic lung fibrosis. To determine if RTK inhibition using nintedanib can slow ADPKD progression, we tested its effect on human ADPKD renal cyst epithelial cells and myofibroblasts in vitro, and on Pkd1f/fPkhd1Cre and Pkd1RC/RC, orthologous mouse models of ADPKD. Nintedanib significantly inhibited cell proliferation and in vitro cyst growth of human ADPKD renal cyst epithelial cells, and cell viability and migration of human ADPKD renal myofibroblasts. Consistently, nintedanib treatment significantly reduced kidney-to-body-weight ratio, renal cystic index, cystic epithelial cell proliferation, and blood-urea nitrogen levels in both the Pkd1f/fPkhd1Cre and Pkd1RC/RC mice. There was a corresponding reduction in ERK, AKT, STAT3, and mTOR activity and expression of proproliferative factors, including Yes-associated protein (YAP), c-Myc, and Cyclin D1. Nintedanib treatment significantly reduced fibrosis in Pkd1RC/RC mice, but did not affect renal fibrosis in Pkd1f/fPkhd1Cre mice. Overall, these results suggest that nintedanib may be repurposed to effectively slow cyst growth in ADPKD.
The transcription factor NF-Y participates to stem cell fate decision and regeneration in adult skeletal muscle
Authors: Rigillo Giovanna , Basile Valentina , Belluti Silvia , Ronzio Mirko , Sauta Elisabetta , Ciarrocchi Alessia , Latella Lucia , Saclier Marielle , Molinari Susanna , Vallarola Antonio , Messina Graziella , Mantovani Roberto , Dolfini Diletta , Imbriano Carol 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe transcription factor NF-Y promotes cell proliferation and its activity often declines during differentiation through the regulation of NF-YA, the DNA binding subunit of the complex. In stem cell compartments, the shorter NF-YA splice variant is abundantly expressed and sustains their expansion. Here, we report that satellite cells, the stem cell population of adult skeletal muscle necessary for its growth and regeneration, express uniquely the longer NF-YA isoform, majorly associated with cell differentiation. Through the generation of a conditional knock out mouse model that selectively deletes the NF-YA gene in satellite cells, we demonstrate that NF-YA expression is fundamental to preserve the pool of muscle stem cells and ensures robust regenerative response to muscle injury. In vivo and ex vivo, satellite cells that survive to NF-YA loss exit the quiescence and are rapidly committed to early differentiation, despite delayed in the progression towards later states. In vitro results demonstrate that NF-YA-depleted muscle stem cells accumulate DNA damage and cannot properly differentiate. These data highlight a new scenario in stem cell biology for NF-Y activity, which is required for efficient myogenic differentiation.
Age-related mitochondrial alterations in brain and skeletal muscle of the YAC128 model of Huntington disease
Authors: Bečanović Kristina , Asghar Muhammad , Gadawska Izabella , Sachdeva Shiny , Walker David , Lazarowski Eduardo. R. , Franciosi Sonia , Park Kevin H. J. , Côté Hélène C. F. , Leavitt Blair R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetics failure are common pathological hallmarks in Huntington’s disease (HD) and aging. In the present study, we used the YAC128 murine model of HD to examine the effects of mutant huntingtin on mitochondrial parameters related to aging in brain and skeletal muscle. We have conducted a cross-sectional natural history study of mitochondrial DNA changes in the YAC128 mouse. Here, we first show that the mitochondrial volume fraction appears to increase in the axons and dendrite regions adjacent to the striatal neuron cell bodies in old mice. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) was used as a proxy measure for mitochondrial biogenesis and function. We observed that the mtDNAcn changes significantly with age and genotype in a tissue-specific manner. We found a positive correlation between aging and the mtDNAcn in striatum and skeletal muscle but not in cortex. Notably, the YAC128 mice had lower mtDNAcn in cortex and skeletal muscle. We further show that mtDNA deletions are present in striatal and skeletal muscle tissue in both young and aged YAC128 and WT mice. Tracking gene expression levels cross-sectionally in mice allowed us to identify contributions of age and genotype to transcriptional variance in mitochondria-related genes. These findings provide insights into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in HD pathogenesis in both brain and skeletal muscle, and suggest that mtDNAcn in skeletal muscle tissue may be a potential biomarker that should be investigated further in human HD.
Development of an optogenetic gene sensitive to daylight and its implications in vision restoration
Authors: Watanabe Yoshito , Sugano Eriko , Tabata Kitako , Hatakeyama Akito , Sakajiri Tetsuya , Fukuda Tomokazu , Ozaki Taku , Suzuki Tomoya , Sayama Tatsuki , Tomita Hiroshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOptogenetic gene-mediated therapy for restoring vision is thought to be a useful treatment for blind patients. However, light sensitivity achieved using this gene therapy is inferior to that of daylight vision. To increase light sensitivity, we designed three mutants using a bioinformatics approach. Nucleotide sequences encoding two sites in the extracellular loops (ex1, ex3) of mVChR1 close to simulated ion-conducting pathways were replaced by homologous amino acid-encoding sequences of ChR1 or ChR2. The light sensitivity of ex3mV1 was higher than that of mVChR1 at 405–617 nm. Visual responses were restored in Royal College of Surgeons rats with genetically degenerating photoreceptor cells transfected with ex3mV1Co, wherein transmembrane of sixth (TM6) in ex3mV1 was additionally replaced with the corresponding domain of CoChR; these rats responded to light in the order of μW/mm2. Thus, ex3mV1Co might be useful for the restoration of advanced visual function.
INO-4800 DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and T cell activity against global SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Andrade Viviane M. , Christensen-Quick Aaron , Agnes Joseph , Tur Jared , Reed Charles , Kalia Richa , Marrero Idania , Elwood Dustin , Schultheis Katherine , Purwar Mansi , Reuschel Emma , McMullan Trevor , Pezzoli Patrick , Kraynyak Kim , Sylvester Albert , Mammen Mammen P. , Tebas Pablo , Joseph Kim J. , Weiner David B. , Smith Trevor R. F. , Ramos Stephanie J. , Humeau Laurent M. , Boyer Jean D. , Broderick Kate E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGlobal surveillance has identified emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) associated with broadened host specificity, pathogenicity, and immune evasion to vaccine-induced immunity. Here we compared humoral and cellular responses against SARS-CoV-2 VOC in subjects immunized with the DNA vaccine, INO-4800. INO-4800 vaccination induced neutralizing antibodies against all variants tested, with reduced levels detected against B.1.351. IFNγ T cell responses were fully maintained against all variants tested.