bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
fMRI as an outcome measure in clinical trials: A systematic review in clinicaltrials.gov
Authors: Sadraee Alaleh , Paulus Martin , Ekhtiari Hamed 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionMore than one‐thousand trials with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as an outcome measure were registered in clinicaltrials.gov at the time of writing this article. However, 93% of these registered trials are still not completed with published results and there is no picture available about methodological dimensions of these ongoing trials with fMRI as an outcome measure.MethodsWe collected trials that use fMRI as an outcome measure in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry on 13 October 2018 and reviewed each trial's record entry. Eligible trials’ characteristics were extracted and summarized.ResultsIn total, 1,386 clinical trials were identified that reported fMRI in their outcome measures with fMRI as the only primary outcome in 33% of them. 82% of fMRI trials were started after 2011. The most frequent intervention was drug (pharmacological intervention) (29%). 57% of trials had parallel assignment design and 20% were designed for cross‐over assignment. For task‐based fMRI, cognitive systems (46%) based on Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) was the most frequent domain of tasks. Less than one‐third of trials (28%) registered at least one region of interest for their analysis. Food cue reactivity task, pain perception task, n‐back task, and monetary incentive delay task were recruited in more than 25 registered trials.ConclusionThe number of fMRI trials (fMRI as an outcome measure) with both task and rest protocols is growing rapidly. Our study suggests a growing need for harmonization and standardized checklists on both methods and analysis for preregistration of fMRI‐based outcomes in clinical trials.
Complete revascularization in stable multivessel coronary artery disease: A real world analysis from the British Columbia Cardiac Registry
Authors: Iqbal M. Bilal , Moore Peter T. , Nadra Imad J. , Robinson Simon D. , Fretz Eric , Ding Lillian , Fung Anthony , Aymong Eve , Chan Albert W. , Hodge Steven , Webb John , Sheth Tej , Jolly Sanjit S. , Mehta Shamir R. , Sathananthan Janarthanan , Wood David A. , Della Siega Anthony ,   The British Columbia Cardiac Registry Investigators
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMore than half of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have multivessel disease (MVD). The prognostic significance of PCI in stable patients has recently been debated, but little data exists about the potential benefit of complete revascularization (CR) in stable MVD. We investigated the prognostic benefit of CR in patients undergoing PCI for stable disease.MethodsWe compared CR versus incomplete revascularization (IR) in 8,436 patients with MVD. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality at 5 years.ResultsA total of 1,399 patients (17%) underwent CR during the index PCI procedure for stable disease. CR was associated with lower mortality (6.2 vs. 10.7%, p < .001) and lower repeat revascularization at 5 years (12.7 vs. 18.4%, p < .001). Multivariable‐adjusted analyses indicated that CR was associated with lower mortality (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.91, p = .005) and repeat revascularization at 5 years (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66–0.93, p = .005). These findings were also confirmed in propensity‐matched cohorts. Subgroup analyses indicated that CR conferred survival in older patients, male patients, absence of renal disease, greater angina (CCS Class III‐IV) and heart failure (NYHA Class III‐IV) symptoms, and greater burden of coronary disease. In sensitivity analyses where patients with subsequent repeat revascularization events were excluded, CR remained a strong predictor for lower mortality (HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54–0.89, p = .004).ConclusionsIn this study of stable patients with MVD, CR was an independent predictor of long‐term survival. This benefit was specifically seen in higher risk patient groups and indicates that CR may benefit selected stable patients with MVD.
Richter's transformation as leptomeningeal infiltration in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient receiving venetoclax. Could blood‐brain barrier be a disease “sanctuary” during venetoclax treatment?
Authors: Dimou Maria , Bitsani Aikaterini , Roumelioti Maria , Dimitrakopoulou Aglaia , Iliakis Theodore , Pardalis Vasileios , Grafakos Ioannis , Kalyva Sotiria , Markopoulos Athanasios , Kyrtsonis Marie‐Christine , Panayiotidis Panayiotis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOur unique case of Richter's Transformation presenting as leptomeningial infiltration in a CLL patient receiving venetoclax raises questions on whether the drug penetrates the blood‐brain barrier and at what extend, especially in reduced doses given for drug‐drug interactions.
Management of primary molars with irreversible pulpitis employing tampon pulpotomy: Report of three cases with 34‐month mean follow‐up
Authors: Asgary Saeed , Sarraf Shirazi Alireza , Sabbagh Sedigheh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study suggests that tampon‐based coronal pulpotomy using a calcium silicate–based biomaterial can be a reliable approach for the treatment of vital primary molars with irreversible pulpitis.
A new process for creating a solid‐phase sintered body using a unique densification process between powders
Authors: Ishikawa Toshihiro , Naito Makio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSiC‐polycrystalline fiber (Tyranno SA) had been developed using a conversion process from amorphous Si‐Al‐C‐O fiber to SiC‐polycrystalline fiber via carbothermal reduction (~1700°C) and sintering processes (~2000°C). In the conversion process, the carbothermal reduction (SiO + 2C → SiC + CO and SiO2 + 3C → SiC + 2CO) of the oxide phase and residual carbon contained in the raw Si‐Al‐C‐O fiber and the subsequent sintering proceed inside each filament. Here, we describe a new densification process of SiC powder that optimally uses the conversion process from Si‐Al‐C‐O fiber to SiC‐polycrystalline fiber. In this new process, we adopted the densification process, that occurred in each filament of the Si‐Al‐C‐O fiber, for the development of a dense SiC sintered body using partially oxidized SiC‐powder with surface oxide layer and polymer‐derived pyro‐carbon containing a considerable quantity of aluminum as sintering aid for SiC crystals. Herein, the reactions and sintering, which occurred in each filament of Si‐Al‐C‐O fiber, proceeded in the interstices of SiC powder to create a dense SiC body. In this paper, we will describe the new densification system of SiC powder.
An Envelope Algorithm for Single Nanoparticle Collision Electrochemistry†
Authors: Xu Chun‐Yu , Yu Ru‐Jia , Ni Xue , Xu Su‐Wen , Fu Xi‐Xin , Wan Yong‐Jing , Ying Yi‐Lun , Long Yi‐Tao 
Published: March 2021

Main observation and conclusionSingle nanoparticle collision has attracted great attention in the last several years to reveal the electron transfer and motion trajectories of individual particles at the electrode surface. An envelope algorithm is proposed for further reading and demonstrating the corresponding current signals, which integrates baseline correction, peak identification and Savitzky‐Golay filter. It is employed for data analysis of the single AgNPs collision on a wireless nanopore electrode to eliminate the current noise and accurately calculate the integrated charges in each current spike. The practicability and robustness of the algorithm are verified under additive Gaussian white noise with the signal‐to‐noise ratio higher than 5. By comparing with traditional Gaussian peak model, the algorithm here shows comparable performance for the peak identification and integrated charge calculation. These results signify a big step from manual Gaussian fitting to automatically data processing method, which facilitates a fast acquisition of intrinsic features in single entity electrochemistry.
Non‐invasive characterization of yellow dyes in tapestries of the 18th century: Influence of composition on degradation
Authors: de La Codre Hortense , Marembert Charlotte , Claisse Pauline , Daniel Floréal , Chapoulie Rémy , Servant Laurent , Mounier Aurélie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAubusson (France) has been inscribed on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO since 2009 for its centuries‐old tradition for the art of tapestry. The present study concerns one of these “Grand teint” tapestries, a Verdure with Count von Brühl's coat of arms (18th C.), characterized by very high‐quality dyeing and fine weaving. The restoration in progress allowed the removal of the lining of the back, which protected the colour from light. Hyperspectral imagery and μ‐spectrofluorimetry made on each side of the tapestry showed the influence of natural degradation of dyes. Experimental tests carried out model samples artificially aged, allowed us a better understanding of these observations. The fibers (silk and wool) and dyes (weld, …) were identified and the roles of alum and tartar as mordants were questioned. Our work revealed the action of the recipe on the photodegradation rate and the effect of aging on the spectra's shape for yellow dyes and the disappearance of some compounds, such as chlorophyll “a,” as a marker of the degradation.
Assessing Soil Health: Measuring the Soil Microbiome
Authors: Rieke Elizabeth , Cappellazzi Shannon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe following article is the fourth in a six‐part series on assessing soil health. It focuses on measuring the soil microbiome. It is part of a larger Soil Science Society of America webinar series produced in partnership with The Soil Health Institute and sponsored by The Walton Family Foundation. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Soil & Water Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/950.
Managing Phosphorus and Potassium Is Key in Conservation Tillage Systems
Authors: Sever Megan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMore and more, North American farms are moving toward conservation tillage practices, including no‐till and strip‐till. With this trend has come a lot of questions about how best to apply fertilizers, especially phosphorus and potassium, in conservation tillage. In a recent study, researchers examined how yield and root growth in corn and soybean crops are affected by tillage, fertilizer application rates, and fertilizer placement. The team also looked at nutrient use efficiencies and soil phosphorus and potassium levels. The findings echo the results of previous studies and provide a baseline for best practice recommendations. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Nutrient Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/946.
Genomic prediction for grain yield in a barley breeding program using genotype × environment interaction clusters
Authors: Lin Zibei , Robinson Hannah , Godoy Jayfred , Rattey Allan , Moody David , Mullan Daniel , Keeble‐Gagnere Gabriel , Forrest Kerrie , Tibbits Josquin , Hayden Matthew J. , Daetwyler Hans , Pino Del Carpio Dunia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGenotype × environment interaction (GEI) is one of the key factors affecting breeding value estimation accuracy for agronomic traits in plant breeding. Measures of GEI include fitting prediction models with various kernels to capture the variance resulting from GEI, and characterizing trials into megaenvironment (ME) clusters within which breeding values can be estimated to remove the main GEI effects. However, many of the current approaches require observations of common genotypes across all trials, which is unavailable in most breeding programs. Our study introduces two methods that can be implemented on unbalanced data to categorize trials into clusters, where both need a correlation matrix between trials: one estimated via a factor analytic (FA) model and another estimated via weather variables. The methods were tested using empirical barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield data in a commercial breeding program from 102 trials over 5 yr spread across multiple locations in Australia. Leave‐one‐year‐out cross‐validation achieved comparable predictive accuracies using either trials or clusters as the observed variable in GEI FA models (max. 0.45), which was higher than the accuracy achieved using the non‐GEI model (0.37). In the random cross‐validations, accuracies achieved within clusters (0.42–0.64) were mostly comparable with those achieved in the full population (0.62). In the within‐cluster validations, higher predictive accuracies were achieved when the training population was from the same cluster (mean 0.22) than outside of the cluster (mean 0.16). Our proposed methods of characterizing multienvironment trials into clusters provides a novel way to define training populations by reducing the variance resulting from GEI and could be implemented in any plant breeding program.
Genetic dynamics of flowering date evolved from later to earlier in annual wild and cultivated soybean in China
Authors: Liu Fangdong , He Jianbo , Wang Wubin , Xing Guangnan , Zhao Jinming , Li Yan , Gai Junyi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAt its center of origin, the Chinese soybean germplasm pool (CSGP) consists of annual wild (WA), farmers’ landrace (LR), and released cultivar (RC) populations. A representative sample (1,024 accessions) was studied for genetic dynamics of days to flowering (DTF) shortening in two evolutionary processes (WA→LR→RC and southern→northern) via direct comparisons of quantitative trait loci (QTL)–allele matrices among populations and subpopulations using a restricted two‐stage multilocus genome‐wide association analysis (RTM‐GWAS). In CSGP, 177 DTF QTL with 797 alleles explaining 95.1% phenotypic variation were identified and organized into a DTF QTL–allele matrix and its component submatrices. (i) Allele inheritance, emergence, exclusion. and recombination were major genetic drivers of DTF‐shortening for WA→LR→RC. (ii) Genetic drivers for southern→northern differed between wild and cultivated soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], with less allele exclusion, more allele emergence, and slighter allele change in WA than in LR plus RC. (iii) The LR furthest south (LRIV) was recognized as the primitive LR subpopulation, as it had the most wild alleles and newly formed QTL and alleles. (iv) Combining the WA→LR→RC and southern→northern processes, the DTF shortening was divided into four periods: WASouth→WANorth, WASouth→LRSouth, LRSouth→LRNorth, and LR→RC; the per‐year allele change rate in LR→RC exceeded the others (backward in turn), and breeding effort accelerated allele emergence and exclusion (changed). (v) Out of 177 loci and 797 alleles, 83 and 207, respectively, changed in WA→LR→RC and southern→northern processes, especially eight new loci emerged in LR and RC; in total, 81 candidate genes were annotated and grouped into six flowering‐related biological processes. (vi) Further DTF shortening (4.2–11.1 d) in CSGP was predicted. This study comprehensively explored the evolutionary mechanism of DTF shortening in WA→LR→RC and southern→northern processes through QTL–allele matrix comparisons by using RTM‐GWAS.
Polarization force in an opposite polarity dusty plasma with hybrid Cairns–Tsallis distributed electrons
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Ahmad Mushtaq , Jan Qasim 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe effect of polarization force acting on oppositely charged dust grains in magnetized plasma is analysed for obliquely propagating low frequency electrostatic waves with Maxwellian ions, and non‐Maxwellian electrons following the hybrid Cairns–Tsallis velocity distribution. It is shown that the polarization force acting on positively charged dust grain is different from the one acting on negatively charged dust grain in the presence of hybrid Cairns–Tsallis distributed electrons. A nonlinear equation in the form of Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation is derived via perturbation analysis for the description of electrostatic solitary structures in the limit of weak‐amplitude. A parametric investigation determines the modifications arising in the propagation of dust acoustic soliton due to the presence of polarization force and hybrid Cairns–Tsallis distributed electrons. It is also found that the effect of polarization force is more pronounced for heavier dust grain with high charge number. Finally, there is a lower limit found for the q‐nonextensive parameter, below which modifications in soliton profile cease to exist due to the presence of hybrid Cairns–Tsallis distributed electrons.
Controlled protein adsorption on a silica microparticle
Authors: Canpolat Cetin , Tatlisoz Mehmet Melih 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present study, controlled protein adsorption on a rigid silica microparticle is investigated numerically using classical Langmuir and two‐state models under electrokinetic flow conditions. The instantaneous particle locations are simulated along a straight microchannel using an arbitrary Lagrangian−Eulerian framework in the finite element method for the electrophoretic motion of the charged particle. Within the scope of the parametric study, the strength of the external electric field (E), particle diameter (Dp), the zeta potential of the particle (ζp), and the location of the microparticle away from the channel wall (H) are systematically varied. The results are also compared to the data of pressure‐driven flow having a parabolic flow profile at the inlet whose maximum magnitude is set to the particle's electrophoretic velocity magnitude. The validation studies reveal that the code developed for the particle motion in the present simulations agrees well with the experimental results. It is observed that protein adsorption can be controlled using electrokinetic phenomena. The plug‐like flow profile in electrokinetics is beneficial for a microparticle at every spatial location in the microchannel, whereas it is not valid for the pressure‐driven flow. The electric field strength and the zeta potential of the particle accelerate the protein adsorption. The wall shear stress and shear rate are good indicators to predict the adsorption process for electrokinetic flow.
Design and engineering of high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerator for ubiquitous unattended devices
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Fan Feng Ru , Xi Yi , Wu Wenzhuo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe ability of future electronics to derive operational power from the working environment is attractive for realizing self‐powered unattended electronics. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) effectively harvests the otherwise wasted ubiquitous mechanical energy. Despite the recent advances in the design and development of various triboelectric devices, these devices' output still falls short in meeting the practical needs of directly powering electronics and sensors. Here, we review the recent progress in the design and optimization strategies for improving the TENG output performance, including but not limited to theoretical simulation, materials engineering, device engineering, and power management. The ubiquitous applications of the TENGs in micro/high‐voltage power source, multifunctional intelligence, blue energy harvesting, and self‐powered electrochemical system are also discussed. Finally, we provide our perspectives regarding the challenges and opportunities for the future development of triboelectric devices with engineered high‐performance and designer functionalities.image
Treatment outcomes of psychotherapy for binge‐eating disorder in a randomized controlled trial: Examining the roles of childhood abuse and post‐traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Hazzard Vivienne M. , Crosby Ross D. , Crow Scott J. , Engel Scott G. , Schaefer Lauren M. , Brewerton Timothy D. , Castellini Giovanni , Trottier Kathryn , Peterson Carol B. , Wonderlich Stephen A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine childhood abuse and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as predictors and moderators of binge‐eating disorder (BED) treatment outcomes in a randomized controlled trial comparing Integrative Cognitive‐Affective Therapy with cognitive‐behavioural therapy administered using guided self‐help.MethodIn 112 adults with BED, childhood abuse was defined as any moderate/severe abuse as assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, lifetime PTSD was assessed via the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV, and outcomes were assessed via the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). Covariate‐adjusted regression models predicting binge‐eating frequency and EDE global scores at end of treatment and 6‐month follow‐up were conducted.ResultsLifetime PTSD predicted greater binge‐eating frequency at end of treatment (B = 1.32, p = 0.009) and childhood abuse predicted greater binge‐eating frequency at follow‐up (B = 1.00, p = 0.001). Lifetime PTSD moderated the association between childhood abuse and binge‐eating frequency at follow‐up (B = 2.98, p = 0.009), such that childhood abuse predicted greater binge‐eating frequency among participants with a history of PTSD (B = 3.30, p = 0.001) but not among those without a PTSD history (B = 0.31, p = 0.42). No associations with EDE global scores or interactions with treatment group were observed.ConclusionsResults suggest that a traumatic event history may hinder treatment success and that PTSD may be more influential than the trauma exposure itself.
Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma is distinct from ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma: Clinicopathologic, transcriptomic and immunologic analyses
Authors: Morisue Ryo , Kojima Motohiro , Suzuki Toshihiro , Nakatsura Tetsuya , Ojima Hidenori , Watanabe Reiko , Sugimoto Motokazu , Kobayashi Shin , Takahashi Shinichiro , Konishi Masaru , Ishii Genichiro , Gotohda Naoto , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi , Ochiai Atsushi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC), which was a rare histological subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is currently subclassified as poorly differentiated HCC because of insufficient evidence to define SHCC as a subtype of HCC. We aimed to assess the feasibility of classifying SHCC as a histological subtype of HCC by comprehensively identifying novel and distinct characteristics of SHCC compared to ordinary HCC (OHCC). Fifteen SHCCs (1.4%) defined as HCC with at least a 10% sarcomatous component, 15 randomly disease‐stage‐matched OHCCs and 163 consecutive OHCCs were extracted from 1106 HCCs in the Pathology Database (1997‐2019) of our hospital. SHCC patients showed poor prognosis, and the tumors could be histologically subclassified into the pleomorphic, spindle and giant cell types according to the subtype of carcinomas with sarcomatoid or undifferentiated morphology in other organs. The transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct characteristics of SHCC featuring the upregulation of genes associated with epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and inflammatory responses. The fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry results revealed prominent programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression on sarcomatoid tumor cells and higher infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in SHCCs compared to OHCCs. The density of CD8+ T cells in the nonsarcomatous component of SHCCs was also higher than that in OHCCs. In conclusion, the comprehensive analyses in our study demonstrated that SHCC is distinct from OHCC in terms of clinicopathologic, transcriptomic and immunologic characteristics. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider SHCC as a histological subtype of HCC.