bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recherches philosophiques sur l’origine des idées que nous avons du Beau et du Sublime
Authors: Burke Edmund 
Published: April 2021

En 1757, Edmund Burke publie à Londres A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful ; une deuxième édition paraît deux ans plus tard. La réflexion développée dans l’ouvrage renouvelait l’idée de sublime et allait profondément marquer l’esthétique. Le succès vint rapidement, suscitant la demande d’une traduction en français.Elle fut réalisée en 1765, à partir de la deuxième édition de l’ouvrage de Burke, par l’abbé Louis-Antoine Des François (1728-v. 1800) qui sut prendre contact avec l’auteur pour recueillir ses avis sur son travail.« Tout ce qui est propre, de quelque façon que ce soit, à exciter des idées de douleur et de danger ‒ je veux dire tout ce qui est, de quelque manière que ce soit, terrible, épouvantable, ce qui ne roule que sur des objets terribles ou ce qui agit de manière à inspirer de la terreur ‒ est une source du sublime, c’est-à-dire qu’il en résulte la plus forte émotion que puisse éprouver l’esprit. »
Empathie mémorielle et transferts littéraires
Authors: Lapierre Nicole 
Published: April 2021

L’exposé (Séminaire Schwarz-Bart, février 2020) converti ici en article, s’appuie, notamment, sur l’ouvrage Causes Communes, Des Juifs et des Noirs (Stock, 2011). Il traite du transfert mémoriel dans le parcours et l’œuvre d’André Schwarz-Bart, en particulier à travers le roman Un plat de porc aux bananes vertes signé par André et Simone Schwarz-Bart (Seuil, 1967). S’appuyant sur le concept de « mémoire multidirectionnelle » de Michael Rothberg et celui de « Relation » d’Édouard Glissant, l’auteure de l’article voit dans l’approche d’André Schwarz-Bart de l’esclavage des Noirs, plutôt qu’une capacité de l’appréhender à partir du drame qui serait central de la Shoah, celle du pouvoir de rencontrer l’Autre, du « Moi à dire Tu ».
Une impossible solitude
Authors: Duprey Élie 
Published: April 2021

À travers l’analyse de différents personnages du cycle romanesque de Simone et André Schwarz-Bart, cet article se propose d’explorer la manière dont s’articulent les destinées individuelles aux différents collectifs dans lesquels elles s’inscrivent, ou auxquels elles sont assignées – des communautés traditionnelles détruites par la traite et l’esclavage, aux collectifs qui se forment dans la révolte, jusqu’à la vie nue qui caractérise ceux qui se retrouvent coupés de tout lien humain. En particulier, quelles stratégies individuelles ou collectives les différents personnages du cycle mettent-ils en œuvre pour faire face aux différents ordres de domination auxquels ils sont confrontés ?
Indicateurs de qualité pour l’éducation relative à l’environnement : une stratégie évaluative  ?
Authors: Mayer Michela 
Published: April 2021

Les indicateurs de qualité ont surtout été utilisés dans la recherche éducative internationale dans un paradigme positiviste. Si une telle approche évaluative peut être utile pour l’évaluation des programmes et des projets d’éducation relative à l’environnement (ErE), elle demeure toutefois limitée. Cet article explore les possibilités que les indicateurs de qualité offrent à l’évaluation en ErE, non seulement pour l’évaluation des résultats, mais aussi pour l’orientation et la conduite des projets. Entre autres, les indicateurs peuvent mettre en évidence les caractéristiques « émergentes » et non prévues d’un projet d’ErE. L’auteure insiste sur la prise en compte du caractère qualitatif des processus éducatifs ainsi que des stratégies d’auto-évaluation et d’évaluation participative.
Le partenariat au service de l’évaluation des projets d’éducation relative à l’environnement
Authors: Piette Sylvie-Anne , Legrand Emmanuel , Croizer Claude , Goffin Louis , von Frenckell Marianne , Philippet Catherine , Wattecamps Jean-Marc 
Published: April 2021

Évaluer des projets d’éducation relative à l’environnement (ErE) avec tous les acteurs concernés et impliqués dans le projet, est-ce seulement une utopie de chercheurs ? À travers l’analyse de deux expériences, cet article cherche à démontrer la cohérence d’un partenariat dans l’évaluation de projets avec les objectifs poursuivis par l’ErE. Il précise le terme « partenariat », analyse les avantages vécus et précise les problèmes rencontrés lors d’évaluations menées à plusieurs selon les types de projets d’ErE et selon les moments de l’action. Un ensemble de questions est proposé, questions que tout praticien pourra se poser avant de se lancer dans une telle démarche aussi riche que complexe.
L’évaluation comme vecteur pour la formation en éducation relative à l’environnement
Authors: Clary Maryse 
Published: April 2021

L’évaluation considérée comme remise en question de ses propres pratiques et appel à l’initiative du sujet, peut devenir un moyen de formation. Cet article décrit les démarches de deux projets de recherche-action qui illustrent la façon dont s’est mise en place une formation continue des enseignants assistée par évaluation ; elle s’appuie sur un principe d’alternance, travail en classe et phases de regroupement des enseignants. Ces derniers ont été engagés dans un champ d’expérimentation afin d’évaluer, réguler et ajuster leur pratique. Cette formation correspond à un modèle réflexif fondé sur la réalité des classes et les initiatives des enseignants, qui leur permet d’anticiper et de devenir plus autonomes dans leur capacité d’innovation.
Utilisation pragmatique de cartes mentales comme outil d’évaluation en éducation relative à l’environnement
Authors: Legrand Emmanuel 
Published: April 2021

La technique des cartes mentales est de plus en plus souvent utilisée lors de la formation en éducation relative à l’environnement (ErE) afin de caractériser les conceptions des apprenants. Le GREFE exploite cette technique lors de ses recherches-actions. Comme depuis quelques années, le groupe centre particulièrement ses activités sur les aspects théoriques et pratiques de l’évaluation en ErE, ses chercheurs ont constaté que des progrès devaient et pouvaient être réalisés concernant cette technique. Cet article propose une méthode d’analyse des cartes mentales lors de l’évaluation d’un module de formation utilisant une stratégie : Prétest - Traitement - Post-test.
The Murine MHC Class II Super Enhancer IA/IE-SE Contains a Functionally Redundant CTCF-Binding Component and a Novel Element Critical for Maximal Expression
Authors: Majumder Parimal , Lee Joshua T. , Barwick Benjamin G. , Patterson Dillon G. , Bally Alexander P. R. , Scharer Christopher D. , Boss Jeremy M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In both humans and mice, CTCF-binding elements form a series of interacting loops across the MHC class II (MHC-II) locus, and CTCF is required for maximal MHC-II gene expression. In humans, a CTCF-bound chromatin insulator termed XL9 and a super enhancer (SE) DR/DQ-SE situated in the intergenic region between HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQA1 play critical roles in regulating MHC-II expression. In this study, we identify a similar SE, termed IA/IE-SE, located between H2-Eb1 and H2-Aa of the mouse that contains a CTCF site (C15) and a novel region of high histone H3K27 acetylation. A genetic knockout of C15 was created and its role on MHC-II expression tested on immune cells. We found that C15 deletion did not alter MHC-II expression in B cells, macrophages, and macrophages treated with IFN-γ because of functional redundancy of the remaining MHC-II CTCF sites. Surprisingly, embryonic fibroblasts derived from C15-deleted mice failed to induce MHC-II gene expression in response to IFN-γ, suggesting that at least in this developmental lineage, C15 was required. Examination of the three-dimensional interactions with C15 and the H2-Eb1 and H2-Aa promoters identified interactions within the novel region of high histone acetylation within the IA/IE-SE (termed N1) that contains a PU.1 binding site. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of N1 altered chromatin interactions across the locus and resulted in reduced MHC-II expression. Together, these data demonstrate the functional redundancy of the MHC-II CTCF elements and identify a functionally conserved SE that is critical for maximal expression of MHC-II genes.
Metabolomic Profiles in the Intestine of Shrimp Infected by White Spot Syndrome Virus and Antiviral Function of the Metabolite Linoleic Acid in Shrimp
Authors: Li Cang , Yang Ming-Chong , Hong Pan-Pan , Zhao Xiao-Fan , Wang Jin-Xing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a threatening pathogenic virus in shrimp culture, and at present, no effective strategy can prevent and control the disease. Intestinal flora and its metabolites are important for the resistance of shrimp to lethal pathogenic viruses. However, the changes of metabolites in the shrimp intestines after WSSV infection remain unclear. We established an artificial oral infection method to infect shrimp with WSSV and analyzed the metabolites in intestinal content of shrimp by HPLC and tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 78 different metabolites and five different metabolic pathways were identified. Among them, we found that the content of linoleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, increased significantly after WSSV infection, indicating that linoleic acid might be involved in antiviral immunity in shrimp. Further study showed that, after oral administration of linoleic acid, WSSV proliferation decreased evidently in the shrimp, and survival rate of the shrimp increased significantly. Mechanical analysis showed that linoleic acid directly bound to WSSV virions and inhibited the viral replication. Linoleic acid also promoted the expression of antimicrobial peptides and IFN-like gene Vago5 by activating the ERK–NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results indicated that WSSV infection caused metabolomic transformation of intestinal microbiota and that the metabolite linoleic acid participated in the immune response against WSSV in shrimp.
Comparison between Target-Controlled Infusion Propofol and Target-Controlled Inhalational Anesthesia Sevoflurane in Mastectomy Surgery in Indonesia
Authors: Aribawa I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit , Senapathi Tjokorda Gde Agung , Widnyana I Made Gede , Hartawan I Gusti Agung Utara , Pradana Adinda Putra , Ryalino Christopher 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Health-care system reform in Indonesia is challenging for anesthesiologists in determining the minimum cost of anesthesia and maintaining inflammation and pain to a minimum. This study is aimed to analyze the effectiveness of general anesthesia techniques between target-controlled inhalational anesthesia (TCIA) sevoflurane and target-controlled infusion (TCI) propofol in mastectomy surgery from the perspective of cost, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, postoperative pain level, postoperative opioid consumption, and side effects.

Patients and Methods:
This was a randomized controlled trial with permuted block randomization of 60 subjects allocated into TCIA sevoflurane (Group S) and TCI propofol (Group P). In Group S, we used sevoflurane 8 vol% for induction and maintained with sevoflurane 1–1.5 vol%, compressed air, and oxygen. In Group P, we used TCI propofol with target effect 4 mcg/mL and maintained with TCI propofol (target effect of 1–3 mcg/ml), compressed air, and oxygen.

Results:
The cost in Group S was US$ 36.33 compared to US$ 29.69 in Group P (P = 0.002). The CRP level was comparable between the two groups (38.39 [42.13] vs. 23.88 [45.26]. P = 0.487). There is neither difference in pain score, total morphine consumption, and side effects between both groups in the first 24-h postoperative period, nor morphine consumption in 24 h postoperative.

Conclusion:
The cost of anesthesia-related expense in TCI propofol is lower than TCIA sevoflurane in mastectomy surgery underwent general anesthesia. There is no significant difference in terms of CRP levels, postoperative pain, postoperative morphine consumption, and incidence of side effects.
OPTIMIZING BALANCE SHEET FOR BANKS IN INDIA USING GOAL PROGRAMMING
Authors: Tanwar Jyoti , Vaish Arun Kumar , Rao NVM 
Published: April 2021

In earlier years, there was abundance of funds in banks in the form of demand and savings deposits. Hence, the focus of banks was mainly on asset management. But intense competition and volatility of interest rate due to banking reforms reduced the availability of low-cost funds and therefore, banks focused on liability management as well. These pressures call for structured and comprehensive measures and not just ad hoc action. This is how banks started to concentrate more on the management of both sides of the balance sheet. As a result, the concept of asset-liability management originated in India and introduced in the Indian banking industry since 1st April 1999 to administer the risk management aspects. This paper attempts to optimize assets and liabilities of banks using goal programming technique. Secondary data is collected from annual reports of Allahabad bank from 2010-2019 and RBI website is used for modelling. The findings show that in Allahabad bank, goal programming help in achieving optimization and increase profitability. The model incorporating constraints and set objectives. It model can support banks in decision making process, planning, budgeting, and forecasting. An attempt is made to use realistic goals and constraints after discussing with bank officials.
JEL Classification Codes: C61, G21, G32.
Difference analysis of gut microbiota of golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758) with the unsynchronized growth by feeding fermented soybean meal
Authors: Liu Bo , Guo Hua-Yang , Liu Bao-Suo , Guo Liang , Zhang Nan , Zhu Ke-Cheng , Wang Qingquan , Zhang Dianchang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract Golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) is a commercially important marine fish and is widely cultured in the coastal area of South China. We explored the distribution difference of intestinal microflora with the same growth condition and the difference of gut microflora with different growth rates fed with fermented soybean meal (FSM) and fish meal (FM) primary protein source. After 8 weeks of the breeding experiment, select significant growth fish (Zcd, 156.04 ± 1.04 g) average growth fish (Zc, 120.01 ± 1.05 g) stagnant growth fish (Zcx, 98.03 ± 1.08 g) in FSM and select average growth fish (Dc, 158.03 ± 1.02 g) in FM. Sequencing results show that a total of 86303 sequences had been obtained in the intestine of Trachinotus ovatus. The number of OTUs that can be annotated to the database was 2315 (98.97%). At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Spirochaetes and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla. Alpha diversity and beta diversity analyses show that gut microbes’ richness and diversity in the Dc group were the highest. The diversity of gut microbiota in the FSM: Zc > Zcd >Zcx. At the genus classification level, the differences between FM and FSM were mainly in Gueglia, Grimontia, Klebsiella, Alistipes, Staphylococcus, and Parasutterella (p <0.05). Alistipes and Staphylococcus were the different genera between Dc and Zcd (p <0.05). We found significant differences in the relative abundance of Ruegeria between the Zc and Zcd groups. Also, significant differences were found in the distribution of Brevinema, Ruegeria, Unidentified-Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, and Bacteroides between Zc and Zcx groups. The results showed that fermented soybean meal had an essential effect on gut microflora of T. ovatus with the unsynchronized growth.
Assessment of Sexual Functions among Infertile Women
Authors: Mohamed Azza A. , Attia Aziza A. , Abd Elfattah Hanan 
Published: April 2021

Context: Sexual function plays a vital role in the quality of life and is determined by both biological and psychosocial factors. Infertile couples report poor sexual functions suggesting a causal relationship between infertility and sexual functions. Infertility caused sexual problems such as loss of sexual desire, decrease in the frequency of sexual intercourse, pain during sexual intercourse, and orgasmic difficulties in women and influencing their interpersonal and marital relationships and satisfaction.
Aim of the study: is to assess sexual functions among infertile women.
Methods: A descriptive research design selected to achieve the aim of this study. The study conducted at the infertility clinic of Ain Shams Maternity University Hospital on 135 women attending the previous settings. A Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet used to collect data concerning socio-demographic characteristics, female sexual history& infertility-related characteristics, and current condition of woman. The second tool was the Female Sexual Functions Index (FSFI) used to measure the sexual functions among infertile women.
Results: The study revealed an intermediate level of sexual function with a mean of 23.49±7.82, with the highest mean was for pain domain (4.09±1.45), with the lowest mean is for desire (3.78±1.51). In addition to near two-thirds of the infertile women displayed poor sexual function. The study also revealed a significant association between sexual functioning, and age, residence, duration of the marriage, educational level, husbands' age, husbands' educational level, husbands' occupation, household income, history of miscarriage, life stressors, coitus count and frequency of sexual intercourse.
Conclusion: The assessment of sexual function among infertile women revealed a pattern of intermediate function according to the female sexual function index. An association revealed between female sexual functioning as other socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, sexual history, and psychological status. The study recommended the establishment of sexuality disorder clinics and sexual counseling clinics in healthcare centers that involve a multidisciplinary team — further researches to study the issues of sexual function as part of prenatal care and reproductive health programs. Developments of practical strategies in order to provide cultural intervention to improve couples' awareness of their sexual relationship, as well as training in communication skills, are essential.
Effectiveness of Self-instructional Module on Knowledge and Remedial Practices Regarding Selected Minor Ailments Among Primigravida
Authors: El-Sharkawy Amal T. A. , Araby Ola A. A. , Abd El haleem Sabah A. 
Published: April 2021

Context: Most pregnant women com­plain some degree of minor ailments that are not serious in themselves, but their presence decreases the mother's feeling of comfort and wellbeing, particularly among the primigravida.
Aim: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and remedial practices regarding selected minor ailments among primigravida.
Methods: A quasi-experimental design (one group pre-test/post-test) was utilized to achieve the aim of this study. A purposive sample of 120 primigravida women. The study was carried out at the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic in Benha university hospital. Data were collected through four main tools: A self-administered questionnaire to assess women's characteristics and obstetrical history; maternal knowledge assessment questionnaire; maternal health practices assessment questionnaire, and women's satisfaction questionnaire.
Results: showed that the mean age of studied sample 23.02±7.57years. An improvement with highly statistically significant differences observed in women's knowledge and remedial practices regarding minor ailments at the post-intervention phase compared to the pre-intervention phase at (p<0.001). The majority of pregnant women were satisfied after the implementation of the self-instructional module. There was a non-significant positive correlation between total knowledge and total healthy practices regarding minor ailments at the pre-intervention phase (P>0.05). While there was a highly positive statistical correlation between total knowledge and total healthy practices regarding minor ailments at the post-intervention phase (P≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: The research hypotheses were supported, and the self-instructional module had a positive effect on the improvement of pregnant women's knowledge and, in turn, remedial practices after its implementation. Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of minor ailments at the post-intervention phase compared to the pre-intervention phase in favor of post-intervention. The antenatal self-instructional module regarding minor ailments should be restructured and reviewed to meet up with the health needs of pregnant women particularly primigravida.
Effect of Nursing Guidelines on Coping of Infertile Couples Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Abdelgelel Gehan S. , Muhsib Shadia H. , Abdelaal Mona H. , Ibrahim Randa M. 
Published: April 2021

Context: Infertility is defined as not being able to conceive after one year of unprotected sex. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process of fertilization where an ovum is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is psychologically and emotionally stressful. Coping strategies are needed to master, tolerate, reduce, or minimize stressful events.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing guidelines on coping of infertile couples' undergoing In Vitro Fertilization.
Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study. This study conducted at the assisted reproductive technology unit of Ain shams Maternity University Hospital on a convenient sample of 98 couples undergoing fertility treatments. Two tools were used for data collection; the first tool was a structured interviewing questionnaire to assess the couple's socio-demographic data, obstetric history, the couple's knowledge regarding in vitro fertilization. The second tool was ways of coping scale (WQS) to assess coping strategies among the infertile couple.
Results: There is no statistically significant difference between couples in both groups according to their knowledge and their coping strategies to IVF before the implementation of nursing guidelines (p> 0.05). In contrast, there is a highly statistically significant improvement in knowledge and coping strategies of couples on the study group compared to control group couples after implementation of nursing guidelines(p<0.001).
Conclusion: The finding of the current study supported the hypothesis, which stated that the infertile couples who will expose to the nursing guidelines, will exhibit improved coping strategies to IVF compared to the controls. The study recommended the application of nursing guidelines at the IVF unit of Ain Shams Maternity University Hospital and other settings for IVF treatment as routine care to improve infertile couples' coping strategies.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Math untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Putri Prihastini Oktasari 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine whether applying the Make A Math type of cooperative learning model can improve student learning outcomes in mathematics. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research. The sample in this study were all students of class VIIC SMP Negeri 7 Kebumen, totaling 24 students. The instruments used in this study were observation, documentation and tests
Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the application of the Make A Math type of cooperative learning model could improve student learning outcomes in mathematics class VIIC at SMP Negeri 7 Kebumen. The increase in student learning outcomes can be shown in the results of the final cycle test after applying the Make A Math type of cooperative learning model, the class average score was obtained with the results in the pre-cycle of 57.70; cycle I amounted to 67.08 and cycle II amounted to 78.95. With a percentage of completeness in the prasilkus of 33.33%, in the first cycle as many as 11 students completed with a percentage of 45.83% and in the second cycle there were 18 students who completed with a percentage of 75%