bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns and determinants of effective coverage of routine maternal and newborn health visits in Nepal: Analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Khatri Resham , Durham Jo , Karkee Rajendra , Assefa Yibeltal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Antenatal care (ANC) visits, institutional delivery, and postnatal care (PNC) visits are vital for improved health of mothers and newborns. Access of these routine maternal and newborn health (MNH) visits have increased in the last few decades in Nepal; however, little is known on the effective uptake (including timely, skilled, frequent, and adequate care) of essential MNH interventions during those visits. This study examined the patterns of effective coverage (EC) of routine MNH visits and their determinants in Nepal. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted taking data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016. The study included 1,978 women aged 15–49 years who had a live birth in the two years preceding the survey. Three outcome variables were EC of i) at least 4ANC visits, ii) institutional delivery, and iii) first PNC visit for newborns and mothers within 48 hours of childbirth. The independent variables included several structural, intermediary and health system factors. Binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted, and the magnitude of EC was reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The statistical significance level was set at p<0.05 (two-tailed).Results The effective coverage of 4ANC visits, institutional delivery, and PNC visit was 52%, 33% and 23%, respectively. Women with advantaged ethnicity were more likely and women living in province six, who speak the Maithili language, who had high birth order (≥4) were less likely to have good EC of MNH visits compared to their reference categories. Women who had access to a bank account, completed at least 4ANC visits or had caesarian-section delivery were more likely to have good EC of MNH visits. Women who perceived problem if not seen by female providers had poor EC of MNH visits compared to their reference counterpart. Conclusions Women with ethnic and social disadvantages and remote areas had poor EC of MNH visits. Continuous monitoring of EC of MNH visits is vital, especially among women with markers of disadvantages. Policies and programs should focus on increasing the uptake of essential MNH interventions, especially among women with social disadvantages and those living in remote areas.
Sparse Channel Estimation for DCO-OFDM VLC Systems in the Presence of Clipping Noise
Authors: Bektas Ekin Basak , Panayirci Erdal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new iterative channel estimation algorithm is proposed that exploits channel sparsity in the time domain for DC-biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM (DCO-OFDM) systems in indoor visible light communications (VLC) in the presence of a clipping noise. A path-based channel model is used, in which the channel is described by a limited number of paths, each characterized by a delay and channel gain. Making use of the pilot symbols, overall sparse channel tap delays and path gains were initially estimated by the compressed sensing approach, in the form of the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) and the least-squares (LS) algorithms, respectively. Then a computationally efficient and novel iterative channel estimation algorithm is developed that estimates the clipping noise in the time-domain and compensated for its effect in the frequency-domain. Computer simulation results show that the algorithm converges in maximum two iterations and that yields excellent mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) performance, outperforming those channel estimation algorithms, which do not have the clipping noise mitigation capability.
A Study of the Financial Crisis and its Effect on Psychological Well-Being, Health, Satisfaction, and Financial Incapability
Authors: Thompson Paul 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study explores the effect of the financial crisis on the consumer and its impact on psychological well-being and life satisfaction with the core question investigating what effect the financial crisis has on United Kingdom household heads psychological well-being and life satisfaction. The reversed model approach used in the study analyzed from two perspectives before and after the financial crisis. One is to investigate the psychological well-being using the general health questionnaire and its effect on health, life satisfaction and financial incapability. Two is to investigate financial incapability and its effect on health, life satisfaction and psychological well-being based on the British Household Panel (1991 - 2009) and Understanding Society (2010) Surveys. The surveys which are two integrated large nationwide panel survey commissioned by the United Kingdom government as an instrument to measure social and economic indicators at the individual and household level. The result of the analysis indicates that overall life satisfaction and financial incapability are important determinants of psychological well-being. The paper further explored the impact of the financial crisis on a household head before and after the crash. The results suggest that satisfaction with life, health implications, psychological well-being, and financial capability were significantly lower after the financial crisis. In conclusion, the results explain why overall life satisfaction generally affects individuals psychological well-being and financial capability, and why those with high financial incapability have poor psychological well-being.
Prognostic Nutritional Index and its Dynamics After Curative Treatment are Independent Prognostic Factors on Survival in Non-Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Küçükarda Ahmet , Erdoğan Bülent , Gökyer Ali , Sayın Sezin , Gökmen İvo , Özcan Erkan , Hacıoğlu Muhammet Bekir , Uzunoğlu Sernaz , Çiçin İrfan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to identify the prognostic and predictive values of post-treatment prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and PNI dynamics in nasopharyngeal cancer patients (NPC) in this study.Methods: 107 non-metastatic NPC patients were included. PNI was calculated by using the following formula: [10 x serum albumin value (gr/dL)] + [0.005 x total lymphocyte count (per mm3)]. ROC analysis was used for determining prognostic PNI values and univariate and multivariate statistical analyses for prognostic characterization of PNI. Results: The statistically significant cut-off values for pre-and post-treatment PNI were 50.65 and 44.75, respectively. Of the pre-treatment PNI analysis, PNI≤50.65 group had shorter loco-regional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS). Furthermore, for post-treatment PNI analysis, PNI≤44.75 group had shorter LRRFS and OS. In univariate analysis, only pre-treatment PNI was associated with LRRFS and DMFS, while pre-and post-treatment PNI were both associated with OS. In multivariate analysis, both PNI were independent prognostic markers for OS. In the combined analysis, pre-and post-treatment PNI, differences between the groups were statistically significant, and the PNI dynamics was an independent prognostic indicator for OS. Conclusion: PNI is a useful, independent prognostic marker for non-metastatic NPC patients. It is used for either pre-or post-treatment patients. Furthermore, changes in pre-treatment PNI value after curative treatment is a significant indicator for OS.
Development of an Observer-Reported Outcome Measure to Capture the Signs and Impact of Fever Distress Symptoms in Infants and Young Children
Authors: Smith Adam B. , Tselenti Evi , Kanabar Dipak , Miles Lisa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis qualitative study aimed to construct an observer-reported outcome measure (ObsRO) that evaluates fever distress in young children.MethodsA literature review was conducted to identify fever-related concepts. Clinical experts were interviewed for feedback on these concepts. Parents of young children were interviewed to identify behaviours the child exhibited during a recent fever episode. Fever sign and behaviour concepts endorsed by ≥20% parents were used to create items for the draft ObsRO. Parents of young children who recently had fever completed the ObsRO and gave feedback during two successive rounds of cognitive interviews.ResultsTwenty-five parents participated in the concept elicitation. Mean child age was 2.7 years (range: 0.6‑5.8). Fever sign and behaviour concepts endorsed by ≥20% participants were high temperature (80%), skin hot to touch (32%), skin redness/flushing (32%), reduced appetite/drink (48‑96%), needy/clingy/irritable (48‑92%), less active/interactive (68‑84%) and lethargic (64‑88%). Eighteen items, four in the Fever Signs Module and 14 in the Fever Behaviours Module, were developed for the draft ObsRO. Chosen recall period was 24 hours. Thirty participants (Round 1: n=17; Round 2: n=13), participated in cognitive interviews. Mean child age was 2.4 years (range: 0.3‑5.8). Round 1 feedback resulted in two Fever Signs items being combined. Three Fever Behaviour items were deleted, six revised and four unchanged. No changes were made following Round 2 feedback. Most participants understood all aspects of the ObsRO and found it user-friendly.ConclusionThe ObsRO will undergo further development in validation studies testing measurement properties of each item.
Efficacy of Expressive Helping in Adult Hematologic Cancer Patients Undergoing Stem Cell Transplant: Protocol for the Writing for Insight, Strength, and Ease (WISE) Study’s Two-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Whitmore Lauren A , Schulte Taylor , Bovbjerg Katrin , Hartstein Madison , Austin Jane , Luta George , McFarland Lily , Rowley Scott , Nyirenda Themba , Lewis-Thames Marquita , Stanton Annette L. , Valdimarsdottir Heiddis , Graves Kristi , Rini Christine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: During, shortly after, and sometimes for years after hematopoietic stem cell transplant, a large proportion of hematological cancer patients undergoing transplant report significant physical and psychological symptoms and reduced health-related quality of life. To address these survivorship problems, we developed a low-burden, brief psychological intervention called expressive helping that includes two theory- and evidence-based components designed to work together synergistically: emotionally expressive writing and peer support writing. Building on evidence from a prior randomized control trial showing reductions in physical symptoms and distress in long-term transplant survivors with persistent survivorship problems, the Writing for Insight, Strength, and Ease (WISE) trial will evaluate the efficacy of expressive helping when used during transplant and in the early post-transplant period, when symptoms peak and when intervention could prevent development of persistent symptoms.Methods: WISE is a multi-site, two-arm randomized controlled efficacy trial. Adult hematological cancer patients scheduled for a hematopoietic stem cell transplant will complete baseline measures and then, after hospitalization but prior to transplant, they will be randomized to complete either expressive helping or a time and attention “neutral writing” task. Both expressive helping and neutral writing involve four brief writing sessions, beginning immediately after randomization and ending approximately four weeks after hospital discharge. Measures of symptom burden (primary outcome), distress, health-related quality of life, and fatigue (secondary outcomes) will be administered in seven assessments coinciding with medically relevant time points from baseline and to a year post-intervention. Discussion: The steady and continuing increase in use of stem cell transplantation has created growing need for efficacious, accessible interventions to reduce the short- and long-term negative physical and psychosocial effects of this challenging but potentially life-saving treatment. Expressive helping is a psychological intervention that was designed to fill this gap. It has been shown to be efficacious in long-term transplant survivors, but could have even greater impact if it is capable of reducing symptoms during and soon after transplant. The WISE study will evaluate these benefits in a rigorous randomized controlled trial. Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03800758. Expressive Helping for Stem Cell Transplant Patients, registered January 11, 2019. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03800758?term=expressive+helping&draw=2&rank=2
Fatty Ethanolamide of Bertholletia Excelsa Triglycerides (Brazil nuts): Anti-Inflammatory Action and Acute Toxicity Evaluation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Quitian-Useche Yesica Fernanda , Sánchez-Ortiz Brenda Lorena , Borges Swanny Ferreira , Ramos Benilson , de Souza Gisele Custódio , Batista Mateus Alves , Hage-Melim Lorane Izabel da Silva , Ferreira Irlon Maciel , Carvalho Jose Carlos Tavares , Borges Raphaelle Sousa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fatty amides (N-alkylamides) are a group of bioactive lipids widely distributed in microorganisms, animals, and plants. The low yield in the extraction process of spilantol, a grease amide, which has been related mainly to diverse biological effects, compromises its application on a large scale. Thus, this study proposed an alternative to the synthesis of fatty amides from Bertholletia excelsa (AGBe) oil, with a chemical structure similar to that of spilantol. In vivo models induced by carrageenan were used in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). In in vivo studies, oral AGBe produced no signs of toxicity. In the histopathological study, AGBe did not cause significant changes in the main metabolizing organs (liver, kidneys, and intestines). In the anti-inflammatory evaluation, all doses (45 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg) were effective, significantly reducing edema and producing a dose-response effect when compared to spilantol. In the in silico study, with the use of molecular docking, he showed that among the AGBe, the molecules 18:1, ω-7-ethanolamine and 18:1, ω-9-ethanolamine stood out, which had 21 interactions for COX-2 and 20 interactions for PLA2, respectively, surpassing the spilantol standard with 15 interactions for COX-2 and PLA2. The hypothesis of anti-inflammatory action was confirmed in the in silico study, demonstrating the involvement of AGBe in the process of inhibiting the enzymes COX-2 and PLA2. Therefore, based on all the results obtained and the fact that until the dose of 1000 mg/kg, orally, in zebrafish, it was not possible to determine the LD50, it can be said that AGBe is effective and safe for the activity anti-inflammatory.
Effect of Postoperative Oral Intake Status on Sarcopenia Six Months After Esophageal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Hijikata Nanako , Ishikawa Aiko , Matsuda Satoru , Kawakami Michiyuki , Muraoka Kaori , Ando Makiko , Mayanagi Shuhei , Irino Tomoyuki , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Kitagawa Yuko , Tsuji Tetsuya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: In patients with esophageal cancer, skeletal muscle mass has been reported to decrease progressively after surgery and be independently associated with a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate perioperative changes in dysphagia, oral intake status, and nutritional status and identify factors related to sarcopenia six months after esophagectomy.Methods: A total of 134 patients who underwent radical resection for thoracic esophageal cancer between March 2016 and July 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was made by CT taken six months postoperatively using the cut-off criteria of skeletal muscle index (SMI) <52.4 cm2/m2 for male and SMI <38.5 cm2/m2 for female patients. As factors related to postoperative sarcopenia, dysphagia, oral intake status, nutritional status, and physical function were extracted from the medical records. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify perioperative risk factors related to sarcopenia six months after surgery.Results: Of the 134 patients, 34.3% were judged to be unable to start oral intake on swallowing assessment. At discharge, 30.6% received tube feeding with or without oral intake. In the non-oral intake group on swallowing assessment, a significantly higher proportion of patients received tube feeding at discharge (p=0.014). Preoperative BMI, postoperative handgrip strength, and tube feeding at discharge were independent risk factors for sarcopenia six months after esophagectomy in male patients.Conclusions: Oral intake status at discharge is significantly related to postoperative sarcopenia in patients with esophageal cancer. Identifying high-risk groups might allow early detection of malnutrition and provision of appropriate care.
Performance Enhancement of Metamaterial Loaded Micro Strip Patch Antenna Design Using Gallium Doped Ba-Sr Hexagonal Ferrite as Substrate Material for X-band Applications
Authors: Rani Monika , bhatia kamal Jit , Singh Harjitpal , Kaur Harsimrat , Gupta Nancy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An experimental study of microstrip patch antenna designed and fabricated on FR4 epoxy substrate is presented. Further a performance comparison of designed antenna is made with proposed design using Gallium doped Ba-Sr hexagonal ferrite substrate. Microstrip feed line is used for inputting the signal to antenna. The whole simulation is done on HFSS simulator (version 13.0).The center frequency for proposed antenna is 10GHz and is optimized for significant performance parameters viz return loss, bandwidth, VSWR and gain. It was observed that the designed antenna provides better results with ferrite substrate as compared to FR4 epoxy substrate showing -10db broad bandwidth of 4.2GHz in the frequency region 8.2GHz to 12.4GHz. Although, the results of other parameters like return loss, VSWR and gain are found to be optimum with FR4 substrate as compared to mentioned ferrite substrate. The prototype of proposed antenna with FR4 epoxy substrate is fabricated and tested to attain the experimental results. The measured results are found to be better than simulated results. Thus the proposed antenna structure can be considered suitable for microwave communication application in X-band.
Quantifying Malaria Acquired During Travel and Its Role in Malaria Elimination on Bioko Island
Authors: Citron Daniel T , Guerra Carlos A , García Guillermo A , Wu Sean L , Battle Katherine E , Gibson Harry S , Smith David L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Malaria elimination is the goal for Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Intensive interventions implemented since 2004 have reduced prevalence, but progress has stalled in recent years. A challenge for elimination has been malaria infections in residents acquired during travel to mainland Equatorial Guinea. We quantify how off-island contributes to remaining malaria prevalence on Bioko Island, and investigate the potential role of a pre-erythrocytic vaccine in making further progress towards elimination. Methods We simulated malaria transmission on Bioko Island using a model calibrated based on data from the Malaria Indicator Surveys (MIS) from 2015-2018, including detailed travel histories and malaria positivity by rapid-diagnostic tests (RDTs), as well as geospatial estimates of malaria prevalence. Mosquito population density was adjusted to fit local transmission, conditional on importation rates under current levels of control and within-island mobility. We evaluated the impact of two pre-erythrocytic vaccine distribution strategies: mass treat and vaccinate, and prophylactic vaccination for off-island travelers. We propagated uncertainty through the model through an ensemble of simulations fit to the Bayesian joint posterior probability distribution of the geospatial prevalence estimates. Results The simulations suggest that in Malabo, an urban city containing 80\% of the population, there are some pockets of residual transmission, but a large proportion of prevalence is attributable to malaria importation by travelers. Outside of Malabo, prevalence was mainly attributable to local transmission. We assess the uncertainty in the local transmission vs. importation to be lowest within Malabo and highest outside. Using a pre-erythrocytic vaccine to protect travelers would have larger benefits than using the vaccine to protect residents of Bioko Island from local transmission. In simulations, mass treatment and vaccination had short-lived benefits, as malaria prevalence returned to current levels as the vaccine's efficacy waned. Prophylactic vaccination of travelers resulted in longer-lasting reductions in prevalence. These projections were robust to underlying uncertainty in prevalence estimates. Conclusions The modeled outcomes suggest that the volume of malaria cases imported from the mainland is a partial driver of continued endemic malaria on Bioko Island, and that continued elimination efforts on must account for human travel activity.
Improvement of Bio-oil Production System by Using Spray Condenser: Investigation of Yields, Properties and Production Cost
Authors: Treedet Wasakorn , Suntivarakorn Ratchaphon , Mufandi Ilham , Singbua Piyapong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article presented an improvement of bio-oil production system by using the spray condenser, which was developed from previous work. Napier grasses (NG), sugarcane leaves (SL) and rubber leaves (RL) were used as raw material in order to produce as bio-oil. The direct contact heat exchanger called conventional condenser and indirect contact heat exchanger called spray condenser were employed while the bio-oil and the ethanol were also applied as absorber in the spray condenser. The circulating fluidized bed reactor was employed to produce the bio-oil by using fast pyrolysis process. The condition generating the highest yield of the bio-oil production whether the conventional condenser or the spray condenser was 60 kg/hr of feed rate and 480°C of bed temperature. From the result of the bio-oil production, it was found that the highest yields of bio-oil production from NG, SL and RL using conventional condenser were 43.73 %wt, 49.47 %wt and 37.00 %wt, respectively. The highest yield of bio-oil production from NG, SL and RL performing on spray condenser and the using of ethanol as absorber were 55.67 %wt, 62.53 %wt and 44.60 %wt, respectively while the highest yield of bio-oil production from RL performing on spray condenser and the using of bio-oil as absorber was 44.60 %wt. The using of the spray condenser and using of the ethanol as absorber can improve the properties of bio-oil such as heating value and can also increase yield of bio-oil, but the viscosity of bio-oil was increased. Besides, the using of spray condenser can increase the efficiency of energy conversion and can decrease the cost production of bio-oil production, it can also solve the problem about the dirty from the volatile or droplet in the bio-oil that was adhesive in the recirculating blower in case of the system using returned NGC to bio-oil production process.