bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory simulation of salt weathering under moderate ageing conditions: Implications for the deterioration of sandstone heritage in temperate climates
Authors: Wang Yinghong , Viles Heather , Desarnaud Julie , Yang Shanlong , Guo Qinglin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSalt weathering is a significant process affecting the deterioration and conservation of stone‐built heritage in many locations and environments. While much research has focused on the impact of salt weathering under arid or coastal conditions with characteristic climatic conditions and salt types, many sites found to be experiencing salt‐induced deterioration, such as sandstone rock‐hewn cave temples in Gansu Province, China and sandstone buildings in the northern UK, experience high humidities, moderate temperature ranges, and different salt types. To evaluate the impact of salt weathering on sandstone‐built heritage under such mild humid environmental conditions, a lab simulation experiment was designed. The experiment was carried out on three types of sandstone (used in the northern UK and Gansu Province, China) and utilized a realistic diurnal humidity and temperature cycle (85% RH/16°C + 60% RH/22°C), and three widespread damaging salts, that is, Na2SO4, MgSO4, and the mixture of Na2SO4–MgSO4. The nature and extent of deterioration was monitored by photography, weight loss, and the changes in petrophysical properties measured using hardness, ultrasonic pulse velocity (P‐wave velocity), water absorption coefficient by capillarity, open porosity, and apparent density. All three sandstones were found to be susceptible to MgSO4 and the mixture of Na2SO4–MgSO4, but weakly affected by Na2SO4 under mild humid environmental conditions.
African mistletoe (Tapinanthus bangwensis Lor.) infestation improves the phenolic constituents, antioxidative and antidiabetic effects of almond (Terminalia catappa Linn.) host leaf in sucrose‐rich diet‐induced diabetic‐like phenotypes in fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster Meigen)
Authors: Oyeniran Olubukola H. , Ademiluyi Adedayo O. , Oboh Ganiyu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlmond is a medicinal plant commonly infested with mistletoe, and its leaves are consumed as food and/or medicine due to their health‐promoting benefits. Mistletoe infestation may interfere with the chemical composition and biological activities of host plants. Therefore, we investigated the influence of mistletoe infestation on polyphenol constituents, antioxidative and hypoglycemic activities of almond leaves in sucrose‐rich diet (SRD)‐induced diabetic‐like phenotypes in the Drosophila melanogaster model. Infested almond leaf (IAL) had higher polyphenol constituents; ellagic acid and isorhamnetin were the most abundant phenolic acid and flavonoid constituents in the almond leaves. However, this study revealed significant (P < 0.05) infestation‐induced increase in some phenolic acids (p‐hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, gallic, and chlorogenic acids) and flavonoids (apigenin and catechin) with known antioxidative, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective properties. Moreover, IAL had higher in vitro antioxidant and inhibition of α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. The SRD‐fed flies had significant (P < 0.05) decrease in percentage survival and locomotion and increase in weight. In addition, elevated levels of glucose, trehalose, insulin‐like peptides and triglycerides coupled with increased oxidative and AChE activities were obtained. However, treatment with the leaves significantly (P < 0.05) lessened the negative alterations caused by SRD with IAL having higher hypoglycemic activities. Hence, we suggest that improved antidiabetic activities of IAL could be related to its higher phenolic constituents.
Credit risk in derivative securities: A simplified approach
Authors: Baule Rainer 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe pricing of options and other derivatives which are subject to the default risk of the writer usually requires the calibration of a sophisticated model and substantial effort in determining the input parameters. We propose a very simple method to incorporate correlated credit risk into the pricing of vulnerable derivatives. The approach is based upon some approximations of more complex models and requires a minimum of input parameters. It is therefore easily applicable and maintains the accuracy of sophisticated models to a large extent, as shown in numerical studies for call options, put options, and discount certificates.
Benefits of intraoral stents in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy: Systematic review
Authors: Alves Lísia D. B. , Menezes Ana C. S. , Pereira Débora L. , Santos Marco T. C. , Antunes Héliton S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntraoral stents aim to reduce the oral complications associated with head and neck cancers radiotherapy. The aim of this study is to determine the benefits associated with these devices. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases selecting full articles published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish until June 6, 2020 (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020185065). The studies were evaluated by Hadorn and Somerfield criteria and guidelines were established. Nineteen studies were identified suggesting the use of intraoral stent for radiotherapy for patients with cancer on/near the mandible to reduce oral mucositis, trismus, xerostomia (LoE III), and dose in healthy structures (LoE IV) and for cancer on/near the maxilla to reduce oral mucositis and dose in healthy structures (LoE IV). Despite the limited scientific evidence, several benefits associated with the use of intraoral stent for radiotherapy of the head and neck neoplasia have been reported.
Exploring the co‐benefits of environmental volunteering for human and planetary health promotion
Authors: Patrick Rebecca , Henderson‐Wilson Claire , Ebden Matthew 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIssue addressedHealth promotion has adopted the planetary health perspective to address the threats posed by climate change, environmental degradation and environmental deprivation. Nature is a setting for health promotion that can produce co‐benefits for human health and the protection of the environment. This paper presents the findings of a New South Wales (NSW) study of peoples’ motivations for, and co‐benefits of, environmental volunteering.MethodsThis paper combines the findings of a literature review and qualitative data from a larger mixed‐methods study of environmental volunteering (eg administration and co‐ordination, bush regeneration, advocacy, tour guiding) in NSW. A review of international literature from 2005 yielded 100 documents for analysis. Maximum variation and stratified purposeful sampling strategies were applied to engage 12 environmental volunteers and 30 employees of environmental organisations in a series of focus groups (n = 2) and interviews (n = 22). Qualitative thematic analysis techniques were applied and data triangulated.ResultsMotivations for environmental volunteering include the following: personal, for example, new skills or knowledge, environmental, for example, improve the environment and social/community, for example, forming connections. Environmental volunteering offers a range of benefits for individuals, environmental organisations and the natural environment. These include enhanced mental and social health, and connection to place and learning about the environment.ConclusionsEnvironmental volunteering has the potential to address key determinants of health – social inclusion, employment and education. From a planetary health perspective, there are multiple co‐benefits of human‐environmental interaction arising from environmental volunteering. Environmental volunteering is a planetary health strategy that could be incorporated into community‐based health promotion.So what?Health promotion has a mandate to act on ecological determinants of health. Environmental volunteering is an untapped resource for community‐based health promotion and for achieving planetary health goals.
Isotopic temporal and spatial variations of tropical rivers in Thailand reflect monsoon precipitation signals
Authors: Laonamsai Jeerapong , Ichiyanagi Kimpei , Patsinghasanee Supapap 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStable isotopic compositions (δ18O andd‐excess) from 25 rivers in Thailand were analysed monthly during 2013–2015. Results indicated that monsoon precipitation fundamentally influences the river isotopes. The overland flow supplied from monsoon precipitation and human‐altered flow regimes produces considerable isotopic variability. Spatial and temporal variations were observed among four principal geographical regions. The seasonality of monsoon precipitation in mountainous Thailand produced large variations in isotopic compositions because most rainfall occurred during the southwest monsoon, and dry conditions prevailed during the northeast monsoon. The northern and northeastern regions are mountainous, highland areas. Low δ18O values were found in these regions, likely because of altitude effects on precipitation. Conversely, monsoonal precipitation continually supplies rivers in southern Thailand all year round, producing higher and more consistent δ18O values than in the other regions. The Chao Phraya plain in the central region experienced enrichment of δ18O river runoff related to evaporation in irrigation systems. Larger catchment areas and longer residence times resulted in more pronounced evaporation effects, producing lower values ofd‐excess and local river water line slopes compared with precipitation. The isotopic differences between river waters and precipitation were utilized to determine river recharge elevations and water transit time. The methods presented here can be used to explore hydrological interactions in other tropical river basins.
Innovation and financial performance: An assessment of patenting strategies of Chinese listed firms
Authors: Li Hong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe examine the impacts of explorative and collaborative innovations on financial performance within the potential‐outcome framework using the patent information of 1716 Chinese listed firms over 2009–2017. By identifying the firms' patenting strategies on the basis of their positioning in the matrix of exploitative‐explorative by solitary‐collaborative dichotomies, as opposed to the separate dichotomies used in the existing studies, we obtain evidence for the impacts that are new to the literature. Firstly, the relationships between the shares of explorative and collaborative innovations and the performance are at most U shaped and only observed in firms pursuing some specific patenting strategies. Furthermore, the thresholds that permit these firms to benefit from the improvement of financial performance through increasing the shares of explorative and collaborative innovations are at least as high as 63%. Secondly, the patenting strategies in the extremes of the exploitative‐explorative and solitary‐collaborative dichotomies, such as the solitarily exploitative patenting and the collaboratively explorative patenting, have a greater value‐enhancing potential than those falling between the extremes of the dichotomies, failing to support the proposition that firms adopting an innovation strategy balancing between exploitation and exploration have better financial performance in the long run.
Stock returns and interest rate differential in high and low interest rate environments
Authors: Salisu Afees A. , Sikiru Abdulsalam Abidemi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, we contribute to the literature in three ways. First, we test whether the response of stock returns to interest rate differential contrasts between high and low interest rate environments. Second, we further test whether positive and negative interest rate differentials impact differently on stock returns. For completeness, we examine the role of negative interest rate policy in the nexus by testing whether the response of stock returns to interest rate differential varies between negative and positive low interest rate environments. The third objective becomes necessary as negative interest rate may not necessarily translate into negative interest rate differential and vice versa. Using panel data methods that allow for nonstationarity, mixed order of integration and cross‐sectional heterogeneity in the estimation process, we find contrasting evidence between the two interest rate environments. While the relationship is negative for the low interest rate economies, a positive sign is observed for the high interest rate group. The ‘asymmetry’ effect in the relationship is only evident in the short run and in addition interest rate differential tends to improve stock returns in negative interest rate environment albeit in the short run. We also find contrasting evidence between the positive and negative low interest rates where the nexus remains negative for the positive (low) interest rate group and positive nexus for negative (low) interest rate category.
Do you feel happy when other members look happy? Moderating effect of community‐level social capital on interconnection of happiness
Authors: Fukushima Shintaro , Uchida Yukiko , Takemura Kosuke 
Published: February 2021

One's happiness is expected to be affected by the happiness of surrounding others. This socio‐psychological nature of happiness, however, has not been fully examined in the literature of social psychology. The current study examined if this “psychological interconnection of happiness” occurs when (i) individuals have strong personal social capital and/or (ii) individuals belong to a community where other members have strong social capital. We analysed a large social survey dataset sampled from 408 communities in Japan (N = 7295). The psychological interconnection of happiness was measured by calculating the correlation between individual happiness and perceived community happiness. The multilevel analyses revealed that the psychological interconnection of happiness was moderated by community‐level social capital above and beyond individual‐level social capital, while individual‐level social capital did not have a significant moderation effect.
Urinary retention in adult hypospadias patient resolved by unroofing of a mildly enlarged prostatic utricle
Authors: Oshima Koichi , Kanematsu Akihiro , Hashimoto Takahiko , Shimatani Kimihiro , Nojima Michio , Yamamoto Shingo 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionA prostatic utricle is a congenital saccular indentation in the prostatic urethra and frequently enlarged in hypospadias patients. We present a case of urinary retention associated with a mildly enlarged utricle.Case presentationA 20‐year‐old male, who underwent multiple repair procedures for hypospadias during childhood, was referred to us for dysuria. Retrograde urethrogram, voiding cystourethrogram, and cystoscopy results revealed only a mildly enlarged prostatic utricle, with no apparent lower urinary tract obstruction or urethral valves. A meatotomy was performed under suspicion of meatal stenosis, though urinary retention occurred following that procedure. Transrectal ultrasonography revealed flapping of the prostatic urethra floor over the utricle. Transurethral unroofing of the utricle relieved the dysuria.ConclusionA mildly enlarged prostatic utricle can cause dysuria. To the best of our knowledge, no case similar to the present has been previously reported.
Remote teaching of publication‐quality, single‐case graphs in Microsoft Excel
Authors: Lehardy Robert K. , Luczynski Kevin C. , Hood Stephanie A. , McKeown Ciobha A. 
Published: February 2021

Microsoft Excel is ubiquitous, cost‐effective, and can be used to create publication‐quality single‐case design graphs. We systematically replicated the GraphPad Prism video tutorial by Mitteer et al. (2018) to teach 24 master's students to create multiple‐baseline graphs using Excel 2016. Students' mean accuracy on the multiple‐baseline graph was 25% in pretraining, 86% with the video tutorial, and 96% with the review checklist. Next, students used the same video tutorial to create multielement and reversal graphs. Students' mean accuracy on the multielement graph was 93% with video tutorial and 94% with review checklist, and accuracy on the reversal graph was 82% with video tutorial and 94% with review checklist. Students reported moderate to high satisfaction with both training components. The results support scientist‐practitioners using the video tutorial and review checklists to create three common graphs using Excel 2016, Excel 2019, and Excel Office 365.
Research progress on the carcinogenicity of metal nanomaterials
Authors: Liu Lin , Kong Lu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development of nanotechnology, new nanomaterials with enormous potentials continue to emerge, especially metal nanomaterials. Metal nanomaterials possess the characteristics of metals and nanomaterials, so they are widely used in many fields. But at the same time, whether the use or release of metal nan4omaterials into the environment is toxic to human beings and animals has now attained widespread attention at home and abroad. Currently, it is an indisputable fact that cancer ranks among the top causes of death among residents worldwide. The properties of causing DNA damage and mutations possessed by these metal nanomaterials make them unpredictable influences in the body, subsequently leading to genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Due to the increasing evidence of their roles in carcinogenicity, this article reviews the toxicological and carcinogenic effects of metal nanomaterials, including nano‐metal elements (nickel nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and cobalt nanoparticles) and nano‐metal oxides (titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and alumina nanoparticles). This article provides a reference for the researchers and policymakers to use metal nanomaterials rationally in modern industries and biomedicine.
Global longitudinal strain evaluated by speckle‐tracking echocardiography as a surrogate marker for predicting replacement fibrosis detected by magnetic resonance‐late gadolinium enhancement in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ota Shingo , Hozumi Takeshi , Tanimoto Takashi , Takemoto Kazushi , Wada Teruaki , Kashiwagi Manabu , Shimamura Kunihiro , Shiono Yasutsugu , Kuroi Akio , Matsuo Yoshiki , Kitabata Hironori , Ino Yasushi , Kubo Takashi , Tanaka Atsushi , Akasaka Takashi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate whether left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) evaluated by speckle‐tracking echocardiography (STE) can be used as a surrogate marker for the detection of replacement fibrosis by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM).MethodsThis study analyzed 41 NICM patients who successfully underwent both STE and CMR, and were divided into those with (Group A, n = 18) and those without CMR‐LGE (Group B, n = 23). Echocardiographic indexes, including GLS, were compared between the two groups.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in LV end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volume indexes, LV ejection fraction, mitral E/A, deceleration time, E/e′, left atrial volume index, and the systolic trans‐tricuspid pressure gradient between Groups A and B. STE‐GLS was significantly worse in Group A than in Group B (−7.6% ± 3.0% vs −9.9% ± 3.2%, P = .01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that STE‐GLS of −7.9% was the best cut‐off value for detection of CMR‐LGE (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 74%; and area under the curve, 0.74).ConclusionsSTE‐GLS may be a potential surrogate marker for the detection of CMR‐LGE‐derived replacement fibrosis in patients with NICM.
Renal arterial resistance index among subjects with liver cirrhosis in a Nigerian population
Authors: Onwuka Chidiogo Chukwunweike , Ayoola Oluwagbemiga Oluwole , Adekanle Olusegun , Famurewa Olusola Comfort , Abidoye Ibukun Anuoluwa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeTo describe the relationship between renal artery resistance index (RARI) and liver function based on Child‐Pugh system among patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) in Southwest Nigeria.MethodsAbout 50 patients with LC and 50 controls were consecutively recruited into this prospective comparative case control study. Each LC patient was classed based on Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh (CTP) system after relevant tests. Subjects underwent abdominal ultrasonography with triplex Doppler examination of the right kidney to obtain RARI.ResultsAbout 50 cirrhotic and 50 controls completed the study. Age range of cirrhotic subjects was 19‐69 years (mean ± SD = 47.5 ± 13.3) while that of controls was 18‐69 years (46.9 ± 15.0). RARI was higher (P = <.001) in patients with LC (0.68) than in controls (0.57). RARI was also significantly higher (P = <.001) in cirrhotic subjects in CTP class C (0.72) than in those in classes B (0.66) and A (0.58). Additionally, RARI showed significant correlation with CTP total score (r = .662; P = <.001), serum bilirubin (r = .297; P = .036), serum albumin (r = −.494; P = <.001), serum sodium (r = −.369; P = .008), Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (r = .316; P = .026) and MELD‐Na score (r = .470; P = .001). RARI showed no significant relationship with serum creatinine (r = .110; P = .445) and blood urea nitrogen (r = .112; P = .437).ConclusionLiver cirrhosis is associated with renovascular changes which manifest as increased resistance in the renal arteries. RARI is a useful noninvasive tool for the assessment of these changes and should be done routinely in the evaluation of patients with LC.
Hands‐on live demonstration vs. video‐supported demonstration of an aesthetic composite restoration in undergraduate dental teaching
Authors: Schlafer Sebastian , Pedersen Kamilla , Jørgensen Jette N. , Kruse Casper 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesLive hands‐on demonstration of dental procedures is a central format in undergraduate dental teaching. It captures the immediacy of the clinical situation and allows for direct communication between instructor and students, but it also requires an experienced instructor who is able to handle both the performed treatment and its visualization alongside the actual teaching. The aim of the present work is to compare the hands‐on demonstration of a class IV composite restoration to a teaching format where the instructor guided the students through a prerecorded procedural video of the same treatment.MethodsThe effect of both interventions on the students’ self‐perceived learning outcomes was analyzed by questionnaires (response rate 100%) in a randomized controlled double‐blind (participants, outcome assessor) parallel group design (September 10 to October 3, 2019). In‐class discussions were explored qualitatively by thematic analysis.ResultsBoth teaching formats increased the students’ self‐reported motivation, self‐efficacy, and patient‐centeredness in a similar way, with no significant differences between interventions. During in‐class discussions, both the instructor and the students were more active in the video group. In contrast to the hands‐on group, discussions in the video group also involved patient‐related topics, such as aesthetics and general health. The video‐supported teaching format considerably reduced the amount of time spent on optimizing the visualization of the performed treatment.ConclusionVideo‐supported instructor‐guided demonstrations may represent a promising teaching format as an alternative to live hands‐on demonstrations of dental procedures in undergraduate dental education.