bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autograft cellular composition and outcome in myeloma patients: Results of the prospective multicenter GOA study
Authors: Turunen Antti , Silvennoinen Raija , Partanen Anu , Valtola Jaakko , Siitonen Timo , Putkonen Mervi , Sankelo Marja , Pyörälä Marja , Kuittinen Taru , Penttilä Karri , Sikiö Anu , Savolainen Eeva‐Riitta , Mäntymaa Pentti , Pelkonen Jukka , Varmavuo Ville , Jantunen Esa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAutologous stem cell transplantation (auto‐SCT) is a widely used treatment option in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. The optimal graft cellular composition is not known.Study design and methodsAutograft cellular composition was analyzed after freezing by flow cytometry in 127 MM patients participating in a prospective multicenter study. The impact of graft cellular composition on hematologic recovery and outcome after auto‐SCT was evaluated.ResultsA higher graft CD34+ cell content predicted faster platelet recovery after auto‐SCT in both the short and long term. In patients with standard‐risk cytogenetics, a higher graft CD34+ count (>2.5 × 106/kg) was linked with shorter progression‐free survival (PFS; 28 vs. 46 months, p = 0.04), but there was no difference in overall survival (OS) (p = 0.53). In a multivariate model, a higher graft CD34+CD133+CD38− (>0.065 × 106/kg, p = 0.009) and NK cell count (>2.5 × 106/kg, p = 0.026), lenalidomide maintenance and standard‐risk cytogenetics predicted better PFS. In contrast, a higher CD34+ count (>2.5 × 106/kg, p = 0.015) predicted worse PFS. A very low CD3+ cell count (≤20 × 106/kg, p = 0.001) in the infused graft and high‐risk cytogenetics remained predictive of worse OS.ConclusionsAutograft cellular composition may impact outcome in MM patients after auto‐SCT. More studies are needed to define optimal graft composition.
Radiation exposure associated with percutaneous fluoroscopically guided lag screw fixation for sacroiliac luxation in dogs
Authors: Naiman Jaron H. , Zellner Eric M. , Petrovsky Brian L. , Riegel Thomas O. , Schmitt Elizabeth M. , Yuan Lingnan , Mochel Jonathan P. , Kraus Karl H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine radiation exposure to surgical personnel and to evaluate the accuracy of a modified percutaneous lag screw fixation technique for sacroiliac luxation (SIL) under fluoroscopic guidance in dogs.Study designCadaveric experimental study.Sample populationSeventeen beagle cadavers with iatrogenic SIL.MethodsSeventeen beagles with iatrogenic SIL underwent reduction and stabilization with 3.5‐mm screws. Hypodermic needles (14 gauge) and fluoroscopy were used to orient two Kirschner wires for temporary stabilization and to guide drilling of glide and pilot holes using cannulated drill bits. Duration of surgery and radiation exposure were recorded. Postoperative computed tomographic evaluation of screw position and angulation was performed.ResultsAverage time for fixation was 15.85 minutes (range, 6.37–33.5). Cumulative radiation doses of 0.4 mrem for the dominant arm of the assistant and 0 mrem for the primary surgeon were recorded. The mean dorsoventral and craniocaudal screw angles were 0.68° ± 3.4° (range − 5.4° to 9.5°) and 1.9° ± 3.2° (range − 4.3° to 9.1°), respectively. Sixteen of the 17 dogs had 100% sacral screw purchase, with the remaining case achieving 93.4% purchase.ConclusionFluoroscopy‐assisted percutaneous placement of 3.5‐mm cortical screws in lag fashion performed with 14‐gauge needles in conjunction with Kirschner wires and cannulated drill bits yielded repeatable accurate screw placement with low levels of ionizing radiation exposure to the surgical team.Clinical significanceThe described technique may be a viable method for minimally invasive osteosynthesis fixation of SIL with low levels of radiation exposure to the surgical team. These results provide evidence to support further evaluation of radiation exposure in clinical cases and can aid in study design and sample size determination.
Dry weight minimum in the underground storage and proliferation organs of six creeping perennial weeds
Authors: Ringselle Björn , Oliver Benedikte W. , Berge Therese W. , Sundheim Fløistad Inger , Berge Liv , Brandsæter Lars Olav 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMany herbaceous perennial plant species gain significant competitive advantages from their underground creeping storage and proliferation organs (CR), making them more likely to become successful weeds or invasive plants. To develop efficient control methods against such invasive or weedy creeping perennial plants, it is necessary to identify when the dry weight minimum of their CR (CR DWmin) occurs. Moreover, it is of interest to determine how the timing of CR DWmin differs in species with different light requirements at different light levels. The CR DWmin of Aegopodium podagraria, Elymus repens and Sonchus arvensis were studied in climate chambers under two light levels (100 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1), and Reynoutria japonica, R. sachaliensis and R. × bohemica under one light level (250 μmol m−2 s−1). Under 250 μmol m−2 s−1, the CR DWmin occurred before one fully developed leaf in R. sachaliensis, around 1–2 leaves in A. podagraria and E. repens and around four leaves in S. arvensis, R. japonica and R. × bohemica. In addition to reducing growth in all species, less light resulted in a higher shoot mass fraction in E. repens and S. arvensis, but not A. podagraria; and it delayed the CR DWmin in E. repens, but not S. arvensis. Only 65% of planted A. podagragra rhizomes produced shoots. Beyond the CR DWmin, Reynoutria spp. reinvested in their old CR, while the other species primarily produced new CR. We conclude that A. podagraria, R. sachaliensis and E. repens are vulnerable to control efforts at an earlier developmental stage than S. arvensis, R. japonica and R. × bohemica.
Epidemiologic case investigation on the zoonotic transmission of Staphylococcusaureus infection from goat to veterinarians
Authors: Piva Silvia , Mariella Jole , Cricca Monica , Giacometti Federica , Brunetti Barbara , Mondo Elisabetta , De Castelli Lucia , Romano Angelo , Ferrero Irene , Ambretti Simone , Roccaro Mariana , Merialdi Giuseppe , Scagliarini Alessandra , Serraino Andrea , Peli Angelo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus infection led to a case of goat abortion, and four veterinarians contracted S. aureus infection from the goat during and after the abortion. Three veterinarians assisted a doe during the dystocic delivery of a dead foetus. Seventy‐two hours after the dystocia, which ended with the goat's death, the veterinarians who assisted during the kidding and the veterinarian who performed the necropsy showed the presence of multiple, isolated, painful pustules 1–5 mm in diameter located along their forearms and knees. S. aureus was isolated from the pustules of the veterinarians, the placenta and uterus of the goat, the organs (brain, thymus gland, abomasum, liver and spleen) of the foetus, the scrotum and eye swabs of the buck, and mammary pustules of another goat from the same herd. Histological analysis revealed purulent metritis and inflammation of the placental cotyledons. Additional investigations eliminated the chances of other infections. S. aureus isolates recovered from the veterinarians, goats, foetus and buck were sensitive to the tested anti‐microbials and did not encode staphylococcal enterotoxin genes (sea, ser, sep, see, seg and sei). The isolates were closely related, as indicated by the results of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and comparative whole‐genome sequencing analysis. The results of this study clearly support the hypothesis that an episode of professional zoonosis was caused by S. aureus infection during the abortion and also highlight the need for bacterial subtyping in epidemiological surveys.
Enhancing the Mental Performance of Head Coaches in Professional Sports: A Case Study of Collaboration With the Head Coach of a Professional Basketball Team
Authors: Maher Charles A. 
Published: May 2021

This case reflects the approach used by a sport and performance psychologist with the head coach of a professional basketball team in the United States to enhance the mental performance of the coach. As part of his independent practice, the psychologist worked with the head coach in assisting that individual in developing and improving his mental performance. The approach was considered a collaboration between the head coach and the psychologist. Following an assessment of the coach’s mental and emotional needs, an individual mental performance development plan was formulated with the active involvement of the coach; the plan included several separate yet interrelated elements: (a) purpose and goals, (b) plan activities and their implementation, and (c) progress evaluation. In addition to a description of the collaborative approach, information is provided in this case about the implementation of the plan by the coach, as well as about the progress made toward his mental performance development goals. Furthermore, an evaluation of the approach is presented in terms of its practicality, utility, propriety, and technical relevance. Finally, practitioner reflections are offered along with suggestions for when such an approach may be useful for practitioners in working with coaches in professional sports and college settings.
Prevalence of COVID-19 Anxiety in Division I Student-Athletes
Authors: Sanborn Victoria , Todd Lauren , Schmetzer Hanna , Manitkul-Davis Nasha , Updegraff John , Gunstad John 
Published: May 2021

Anxiety and depressive symptoms are prevalent in athletes. The pandemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) may increase risk for symptoms due to fear of exposure during competition or uncertainty regarding participation. The current study examined the prevalence of COVID-19 anxiety in 437 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes and its association with psychological symptoms. Only 0.2% of participants endorsed COVID-19 anxiety symptoms above cutoff. COVID-19 anxiety did not change after postponement of fall sports or differ between persons competing in different seasons. However, higher levels of COVID-19 anxiety were significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Though student-athletes generally reported low levels of psychological symptoms, females endorsed significantly higher levels than males. Low levels of COVID-19 anxiety in student-athletes may reflect protective factors (e.g., health knowledge, emotion regulation) or the tendency for this population to minimize psychological symptoms. Further investigations on the psychological impact of COVID-19 in athletes is needed.
Development and validation of a machine learning model to predict mortality risk in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Stachel Anna , Daniel Kwesi , Ding Dan , Francois Fritz , Phillips Michael , Lighter Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

New York City quickly became an epicentre of the COVID-19 pandemic. An ability to triage patients was needed due to a sudden and massive increase in patients during the COVID-19 pandemic as healthcare providers incurred an exponential increase in workload,which created a strain on the staff and limited resources. Further, methods to better understand and characterise the predictors of morbidity and mortality was needed.MethodsWe developed a prediction model to predict patients at risk for mortality using only laboratory, vital and demographic information readily available in the electronic health record on more than 3395 hospital admissions with COVID-19. Multiple methods were applied, and final model was selected based on performance. A variable importance algorithm was used for interpretability, and understanding of performance and predictors was applied to the best model. We built a model with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 83–97 to identify predictors and patients with high risk of mortality due to COVID-19. Oximetry, respirations, blood urea nitrogen, lymphocyte per cent, calcium, troponin and neutrophil percentage were important features, and key ranges were identified that contributed to a 50% increase in patients’ mortality prediction score. With an increasing negative predictive value starting 0.90 after the second day of admission suggests we might be able to more confidently identify likely survivorsDiscussionThis study serves as a use case of a machine learning methods with visualisations to aide clinicians with a better understanding of the model and predictors of mortality.ConclusionAs we continue to understand COVID-19, computer assisted algorithms might be able to improve the care of patients.
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial examining the effect of blood and plasma donation on serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels in firefighters
Authors: Silver Gabriel , Krastev Yordanka , Forbes Miriam K , Hamdorf Brenton , Lewis Barry , Tisbury Michael , Taylor Mark P , Gasiorowski Robin 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse group of compounds that have been used in hundreds of industrial applications and consumer products including aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for many years. Multiple national and international health and environmental agencies have accepted that PFAS exposures are associated with numerous adverse health effects. Australian firefighters have been shown to have elevated levels of PFAS in their blood, specifically perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), due to the historical use of AFFF. While PFAS concentrations decline over time once the source of exposure has been removed, their potential adverse health effects are such that it would be prudent to develop an intervention to lower levels at a faster rate than occurs via natural elimination rates.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised controlled trial of current and former Australian firefighters in the Metropolitan Fire Brigade/Fire Rescue Victoria, and contractors, with previous occupational exposure to PFAS and baseline elevated PFOS levels. The study is investigating whether whole blood donation every 12 weeks or plasma donation every 6 weeks will significantly reduce PFAS levels, compared with a control group. We have used covariate-adaptive randomisation to balance participants’ sex and blood PFAS levels between the three groups and would consider a 25% reduction in serum PFOS and PFHxS levels to be potentially clinically significant after 12 months of whole blood or plasma donation. A secondary analysis of health biomarkers is being made of changes between screening and week 52 in all three groups.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (reference number: 3855), final protocol V.2 dated 12 June 2019. Study results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000204145).
Genetic testing in motor neuron disease and frontotemporal dementia: a 5-year multicentre evaluation
Authors: Cairns Lauren M , Rankin Julia , Hamad Asma , Cooper Nicola , Merrifield Katrina , Jain Vani , Rosser Elisabeth , Rogers Megan , Buston Sarah , Stopford Cheryl , Jones Gabriela , Lefroy Henrietta , Németh Andrea H , Holden Simon , Douglas Andrew G L 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionMotor neuron disease (MND) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) comprise a neurodegenerative disease spectrum. Genetic testing and counselling is complex in MND/FTD owing to incomplete penetrance, variable phenotype and variants of uncertain significance. Affected patients and unaffected relatives are commonly referred to clinical genetics to consider genetic testing. However, no consensus exists regarding how such genetic testing should best be undertaken and on which patients.ObjectiveWe sought to ascertain UK clinical genetics testing practice in MND/FTD referrals, with the aim of helping inform guideline development.MethodsMND/FTD clinical genetics referrals comprising both affected patients and unaffected relatives between 2012 and 2016 were identified and a standardised proforma used to collate data from clinical records.Results301 referrals (70 affected, 231 unaffected) were reviewed across 10 genetics centres. Previously identified familial variants were known in 107 cases and 58% subsequently underwent testing (8 of 8 diagnostic and 54 of 99 predictive). The median number of genetic counselling appointments was 2 for diagnostic and 4 for predictive testing. Importantly, application of current UK Genomic Test Directory eligibility criteria would not have resulted in detection of all pathogenic variants observed in this cohort.ConclusionWe propose pragmatic MND/FTD genetic testing guidelines based on appropriate genetic counselling.
The effect of diet in infancy on asthma in young adults: the Merthyr Allergy Prevention Study
Authors: Hand Sadiyah , Dunstan Frank , Jones Ken , Doull Iolo 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionEarly infant diet might influence the risk of subsequent allergic disease.MethodsThe Merthyr Allergy Prevention Study (MAPS) was a randomised controlled trial in infants at high risk of allergic disease. The trial determined whether a cow’s milk exclusion diet for the first 4 months of life decreased the risk of allergic disease including asthma compared with a normal diet. A soya milk preparation was offered to those in the intervention group. A standardised questionnaire for allergic disease was completed at ages 1, 7, 15 and 23 years, with clinical assessment at 1, 7 and 23 years. The effect of the intervention on the risk of atopy, asthma and wheeze at age 23 years was determined.Findings487 subjects entered the study; at age 23 years 299 completed the questionnaire, of which 119 attended clinical assessment. Subjects randomised to the intervention group had a significantly increased risk of atopy (adjusted OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.30 to 6.80; p=0.01) and asthma (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.09 to 3.91; p=0.03) at age 23 years, but not wheeze (OR 1.43, 95%CI 0.87 to 2.37; p=0.16). Earlier exposure to cow’s milk was associated with a decreased risk of wheeze and asthma at age 23 years, while earlier exposure to soya milk was associated with an increased risk of atopy and asthma.InterpretationIn infants at high risk of allergic disease, either cow’s milk exclusion or early soya milk introduction for the first 4 months of life increases the risk of atopy, wheeze and asthma in adulthood.
Interaction between Genetic Risk Scores for reduced pulmonary function and smoking, asthma and endotoxin
Authors: Sikdar Sinjini , Wyss Annah B , Lee Mi Kyeong , Hoang Thanh T , Richards Marie , Beane Freeman Laura E , Parks Christine , Thorne Peter S , Hankinson John L , Umbach David M , Motsinger-Reif Alison , London Stephanie J 
Published: May 2021

RationaleGenome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous loci associated with lower pulmonary function. Pulmonary function is strongly related to smoking and has also been associated with asthma and dust endotoxin. At the individual SNP level, genome-wide analyses of pulmonary function have not identified appreciable evidence for gene by environment interactions. Genetic Risk Scores (GRSs) may enhance power to identify gene–environment interactions, but studies are few.MethodsWe analysed 2844 individuals of European ancestry with 1000 Genomes imputed GWAS data from a case–control study of adult asthma nested within a US agricultural cohort. Pulmonary function traits were FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC. Using data from a recent large meta-analysis of GWAS, we constructed a weighted GRS for each trait by combining the top (p value<5×10−9) genetic variants, after clumping based on distance (±250 kb) and linkage disequilibrium (r2=0.5). We used linear regression, adjusting for relevant covariates, to estimate associations of each trait with its GRS and to assess interactions.ResultsEach trait was highly significantly associated with its GRS (all three p values<8.9×10−8). The inverse association of the GRS with FEV1/FVC was stronger for current smokers (pinteraction=0.017) or former smokers (pinteraction=0.064) when compared with never smokers and among asthmatics compared with non-asthmatics (pinteraction=0.053). No significant interactions were observed between any GRS and house dust endotoxin.ConclusionsEvaluation of interactions using GRSs supports a greater impact of increased genetic susceptibility on reduced pulmonary function in the presence of smoking or asthma.
Funding of Studies Supporting IA Guideline Recommendations in Cardiovascular Medicine—A Systematic Review
Authors: Zeitler Emily P. , Gasperetti Alessio , Dodge Shayne E. , Cooper Lauren B. , Kaplan Aaron V. 
Published: May 2021

Each guideline recommendation from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology includes an indication of the level of supporting evidence and the associated strength of recommendation with “IA” recommendations representing those with the highest quality supporting evidence and the least amount of uncertainty for benefit. In this analysis, study type and funding sources were systematically tabulated across these IA guideline recommendations over the past 5 years. Nearly half of studies supporting IA guideline recommendations were randomized controlled trials (45%). Overall, about one third of studies supporting IA recommendations were publicly funded (34.9%) with slightly more funded through industry sources (43.5%). Funding sources varied based on the type of intervention being studied with randomized controlled trials of device, diagnostic, and pharmacological interventions reflecting predominantly industry‐funded studies. Over time, studies supporting IA cardiology guideline are funded by industry about twice as often as public sources. Thus, data of adequate quality to support cardiovascular guideline recommendations come from a variety of sources.
Post‐Cardiac Arrest Hydrocortisone Use Ameliorates Cardiac Mitochondrial Injury in a Male Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Tsai Min‐Shan , Huang Chien‐Hua , Wang Chen‐Hsu , Cheng Hsaio‐Ju , Wu Shih‐Ni , Chang Wei‐Tien , Chen Wen‐Jone 
Published: May 2021

Background
Steroid use after cardiac arrest has been reported to improve survival and neurological outcome in cardiac arrest survivors. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of post‐arrest hydrocortisone use on myocardial damage and cardiac mitochondrial injury in a rat model of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest.

Methods and Results

Ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest was induced and left untreated for 5 minutes in adult male Wistar rats. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and electric shocks were then applied to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Successfully resuscitated animals were randomized into 3 groups: control, low‐dose hydrocortisone (2 mg/kg), and high‐dose hydrocortisone (8 mg/kg). The low‐dose hydrocortisone and high‐dose hydrocortisone (treatment) groups received intravenous hydrocortisone immediately after ROSC and the control group received saline as placebo. Each group consisted of 15 animals. Within 4 hours of ROSC, both treatment groups showed a higher cardiac output than the control group. At the fourth hour following ROSC, histological examination and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated less myocardial damage and mitochondrial injury in the animals treated with hydrocortisone. In the treatment groups, hydrocortisone mitigated the acceleration of Ca
2+
‐induced mitochondrial swelling and suppression of complex activity observed in the control group. At the 72nd hour after ROSC, a significantly higher proportion of animals treated with hydrocortisone survived and had good neurological recovery compared with those given a placebo.

Conclusions
Hydrocortisone use after cardiac arrest may mitigate myocardial injury and cardiac mitochondrial damage and thus improve survival, neurological and histological outcomes in a rat model of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest.