bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence and Perceptions of Menstrual Dysfunction and Associated Quality of Life Measures Among High School Female Athletes
Authors: Armento Aubrey , VanBaak Karin , Seehusen Corrine N. , Sweeney Emily A. , Wilson Julie C. , Howell David R. 
Published: February 2021

ContextAdolescent female athletes are at risk for menstrual dysfunction in the setting of exercise and low energy availability. Education regarding menstrual dysfunction and its associated consequences is important to promote athlete wellbeing.ObjectiveThe primary aim was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of female athletes who believed that losing their period was a normal response to high training demands. The secondary aim was to explore the relationship between menstrual dysfunction and patient-reported quality of life measures.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingPreparticipation evaluations for a local high school district.Patients or Other ParticipantsFemale athletes, 13–18 years old (n = 90).Main Outcome Measure(s)Health history, family affluence, and patient-reported quality of life measures.ResultsForty four percent (n = 40) of 90 adolescent athletes answered that losing their period was a normal response to a high level of training, and this group had a lower body mass index, were less likely to report being worried about their current weight, and had a higher family affluence level than those who answered that losing their period was not a normal response to training. The overall prevalence of menstrual dysfunction was 28%. After adjusting for age and body mass index, we found that menstrual dysfunction was significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety, fatigue, and pain interference.ConclusionsNearly half of our sample of adolescent female athletes perceived losing their period was a normal response to high training demands. Females with menstrual dysfunction reported higher levels of anxiety, fatigue, and pain interference than those without menstrual dysfunction. Understanding adolescent perceptions of menstrual dysfunction and the characteristics of those with menstrual dysfunction can guide the development of future educational interventions aimed at athletes at risk for the female athlete triad.
Neuropsychological Correlates of Community Function among Major Depressive Disorder Outpatients Without Comorbidity in Hong Kong
Authors: Ahorsu Daniel Kwasi , Chung Ken , Wong Ho Hon , Yiu Michael Gar Chung , Mok Yat Fung , Lei Ka Shun , Tsang Hector W. H. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
This exploratory cross-sectional study examined the effect of depression on neuropsychological and community function among major depressive disorder (MDD) outpatients without comorbidity in comparison with healthy controls (HCs).

Methods:
Sixty-nine participants (23 for each group) participated in the study. They were assessed on psychological, neuropsychological function, and community function skills.

Results:
The results revealed that first episode MDD and recurrent episodes MDD outpatients still have a significantly higher level of depression, impaired mental state, and executive function and worse community function compared with HCs. Intervariable relationships analysis revealed qualitative differences between the three groups.

Conclusion:
The study provides preliminary evidence that MDD outpatients may need more targeted cognitive and psychosocial interventions to improve their executive and community function skills. Larger-scale studies to increase the validity and generalizability of the pilot data are suggested.
TAMIS SIN CIERRE DE LA BRECHA QUIRÚRGICA
Authors: Naiderman Diego 
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: La cirugía mínimamente invasiva transanal (TAMIS), es una técnica que resulta especialmente útil en lesiones de recto extra peritoneal difíciles para el abordaje por vía anterior.
Actualmente sigue siendo controversial el cierre del defecto rectal por debajo de la reflexión peritoneal. La sutura endoluminal es uno de los aspectos más desafiantes del procedimiento y la literatura es discordante con respecto al cierre de la brecha quirúrgica. Nuestro objetivo es realizar un estudio descriptivo de una serie consecutiva de pacientes con lesiones de recto extraperitoneal sometidos a cirugía de TAMIS, dejando el lecho quirúrgico abierto.
Diseño: descriptivo prospectivo longitudinal.
Material y Método: Entre agosto de 2013 y julio de 2019 se incluyeron en forma consecutiva todos los pacientes con lesiones de recto extra peritoneal, operados con técnica de TAMIS, que presentaron lesiones benignas ≥ a 3 centímetros de difícil resolución endoscópica, tumores neuroendocrinos ≥ de 2 cm, adenocarcinomas T1N0 sin signos histológicos de mal pronóstico, adenocarcinomas T2N0 con elevado riesgo quirúrgico o que rehusaron la cirugía radical y pacientes con dudas de la remisión completa luego de la neoadyuvancia.
Todos los procedimientos fueron realizados por el mismo cirujano y en todos se dejó el lecho quirúrgico abierto.
Resultados: En un período de 6 años se trataron 35 pacientes con técnica de TAMIS, con una edad promedio de 61 años±12. El tamaño promedio de las lesiones fue de 3.68±2.1 cm (0.7- 9 cm) y la distancia desde el margen anal al extremo distal de la lesión de 5.7±1.48 cm (3 a 8.5 cm). El tiempo operatorio fue de 39.2±20.5 min y el tiempo de internación de 33±28.2 horas.
La anatomía patológica de las lesiones resecadas fue: 15 adenomas, 3 tumores carcinoides y 17 adenocarcinomas. 1 ypT0, 4 carcinomas in situ, 4 tumores T1 y 8 tumores T2. En todos los casos se dejó el defecto rectal abierto, con un seguimiento mínimo post operatorio de 9 meses.
No hubo mortalidad y la morbilidad global fue de 14.2% (5 pacientes). Dos pacientes fueron re internados para el tratamiento del dolor (Clavien-Dindo II) y 3 pacientes (8.5%) presentaron sangrado post operatorio, de los cuales solo 1 (2.8%) requirió re intervención (Clavien-Dindo III). No hubo complicaciones infecciosas, estenosis de recto postquirúrgicas ni perforaciones hacia la cavidad abdominal.
Conclusión: Nuestros resultados permiten describir a la técnica de TAMIS dejando la brecha quirúrgica abierta, como una técnica con buenos resultados, alta factibilidad y baja tasa de complicaciones.
Profile of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis patients: A Study at Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Centre in Kumaun Region, Uttarakhand
Authors: Awasthi Sadhana , Verma Neha , Gopal Nautiyal Ram , Kumar Solanki Hariom 
Published: February 2021

Background: Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) has frequently been encountered in India, and its presence has been known virtually from the time anti-TB drugs were introduced for the treatment of Tuberculosis. Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a man-made phenomenon and has become a formidable challenge to effective Tuberculosis control in India. Objectives: To study the Socio-demographic and Clinical profile of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients presenting to Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Centre at Govt. Medical College, Haldwani in the Kumaun region, Uttarakhand. Methodology: This study is a Record based study, where in service data available at Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Centre at Govt. Medical College, Haldwani in the Kumaun region, Uttarakhand, was accessed and analyzed. Inclusion criteria included all patients with diagnosis of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) presenting to the centre from 1st April 2015 to 31st December 2015. Results: The present study showed that younger age group particularly males were more affected with MDR-TB. Under-nutrition was quite prevalent among the MDR-TB patients. 56.7% cases were addicted to alcohol and 54.3% cases were addicted to smoking. 85.8% patients took treatment for TB and 44.1% not completed their treatment. Relapse of previous anti-tuberculosis treatment was found to be the major contributor in MDR-TB suspect cases. Prevalence of XDR-TB was also found to be low. Conclusion: The findings of the study emphasize the importance of studying the socio-demographic factors and baseline clinical characteristics in different MDR-TB patient categories to timely modify and strengthen the national programs.
Interesses respectivos dos acionistas públicos e privados nas sociedades de economia mista no Brasil
Authors: Silva Alexsander Dauzeley da , Medeiros Janann Joslin 
Published: February 2021

As Sociedades de Economia Mista – SEM – são um tipo específico de empresa cujas ações são negociadas em bolsa, em que o Governo é acionista majoritário e controlador da Organização e acionistas privados participam no capital. Neste artigo, investigam-se os motivos pelos quais tanto Governo quanto acionistas privados optariam por investir nas SEM. Utilizou-se a teoria de stakeholders como base para a elaboração teórica e para a interpretação dos resultados da pesquisa. Foi realizado estudo de múltiplos casos, de forma qualitativa, transversal e exploratória. Três SEM foram analisadas, nas quais se realizaram 28 entrevistas com administradores e técnicos, além da análise de 107 artigos obtidos em mídia especializada e documentos de publicação obrigatória pelas companhias. Os dados foram compilados e codificados com o software Nvivo. Conclui-se que as motivações para o investimento nas SEM são complexas, transpondo a simples assunção dos objetivos rentista e de execução de políticas públicas.
Is Perceived Organizational Support an Antecedent of Employee Behaviour?
Authors: Ahmad Nor Azima , Salim Siti Salwa , Sham Fariza Md 
Published: February 2021

Employee is one of the most valuable asset in an organization. It is important to provide support to the employee to ensure their welfare is guaranteed. This paper measures the impact of perceived organizational support on employee behaviour. Questionnaire survey data was collected from 114 respondents who are presently employed at a public organization in Malaysia. The partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. There are four findings derived from the data, first: supervisor support negatively correlated with organizational commitment. Second, supervisor support positively correlated with organizational citizenship behaviour. Meanwhile, third procedural justice positively correlated with organizational commitment. Lastly, procedural justice positively correlated with organizational citizenship behaviour. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations, are discussed.
Sustainability Awareness through STEAM+
Authors: Mylvaganam Saba , Timmerberg Josef , Halvorsen Hans-Petter , Viumdal Håkon 
Published: February 2021

Innovative technology enterprises have been working closely with OECD countries to address issues related to sustainability. There are many acronyms associated with STEM, e.g. STEM+, incorporating the humanities, community needs, and global concerns indicated by the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the UN. UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) supports capacity-building for the SDGs and their related thematic issues, including water, energy, climate, oceans, urbanization, transport, science and technology. We prefer to use STEAM+ based on our earlier work, indicating the inclusion of Arts in the curricula to attract female students and interdisciplinarity. Following Briggs’ constructive alignment paradigm with focus on learning objectives, activities, and assessments (LO-A-A) in a STEAM+ curricula, sustainability can be included with critical reflective thinking addressing air pollution, microplastics in the ocean, renewable energy, food wastage, circular economy, poverty etc. The paradigm “Student in Centre and Front (CSF)” discussed in our earlier study promotes the idea of the student as a responsible member in the society giving due attention to pressing socioeconomic issues such as the SDGs. In this paper, means of extending the responsibility of the students in developing awareness of issues related to SDGs through curricula and projects are presented. The focus of this paper is on addressing STEAM+ tuned for awakening interest in SDGs, with some examples from courses held in our universities. Examples are taken from learning activities involving group of students as part of selected courses and projects/problem-based learning (PPBL) with reflective practice.
Uitvoeringsorganisaties tussen staat en straat
Authors: Brummel Lars , Overman Sjors , Schillemans Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Implementing organizations between state and street. The relevance of social accountability for administrators of ZBOs and agencies
This contribution analyzes the degree of relevance that administrators of independent administrative bodies (ZBOs) and agencies assign to their accountability relationships with social stakeholders. Although there is a lot of attention for social forms of accountability in the scientific literature, no large-scale quantitative research has been conducted into how administrators of implementing organizations experience this accountability. This study fills this gap on the basis of survey research by: (1) mapping the importance of forms and practices of social accountability for implementing organizations; and (2) weighing potential explanations for differences in the importance of social accountability in implementing organizations. The authors show that administrators of ZBOs and agencies in the Netherlands attach great importance to accountability towards their broad public environment, also compared to other countries with similar types of implementing organizations. This observation is in line with the Dutch reputation of consensual and interactive governance. Differences in the importance of social accountability between implementing organizations cannot be explained by the vertical accountability relationship with the parent department or other institutional organizational characteristics. The analysis shows that social orientation is greater among ZBOs and agencies where the media has more influence over administrators. Social accountability is associated with greater perceived media pressure.
Oxidative Potential of Ambient PM and Related Health Endpoints over South Asia: A Review
Authors: Patel Anil , Rastogi Neeraj 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
South Asia occupies only about 3.5% of the world’s area but, about 25% of the average world’s population lives here and is continuously exposed to severe air pollution. Unprecedented development activities in most of the South Asian cities emit primary and secondary pollutants into the atmosphere. Particulate matter (PM), a principal air pollutant, are tiny enough to remain suspended in the atmosphere for a long time (about a week). They can penetrate the human nasal airway and damage the lungs. PM effects on human health are assessed based on their mass concentration, size distribution, and chemical composition. Despite being critically important, studies related to PM effects on human health are limited over South Asia. In recent years, only a few South Asian research groups started studying the ability of atmospheric PM to cause human health hazards by generating in situ reactive oxygen species (ROS). The capability of atmospheric PM to produce ROS and/or deplete antioxidants is termed as their oxidative potential (OP). Though limited, efforts are made to identify particular species with the higher OP. Atmospheric aging of PM can also alter their OP. No studies from South Asia, except a few from India, investigated how the atmospheric aging changes the chemical and physical properties of PM and affect their OP over South Asia. These studies also showed that OP depends more on PM composition rather than its concentrations. Therefore, mitigation strategies for reducing PM mass concentrations alone may not be sufficient, and linking PM OP with significant health effects may be a better way to regulate specific sources of PM rather than overall PM mass. This review reports the necessities and limitations for PM OP studies in South Asia and future directions.
A odisseia da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional no Brasil (1945-1964)
Authors: Pereira Alexandre Macedo , Poll Margarete Von Mühlen 
Published: February 2021

Atualmente, a educação brasileira vem sendo atacada pelo governo federal em muitas frentes: tentativa de desqualificação do trabalho docente e dos profissionais da educação (técnicos de todas as áreas), cortes nos recursos da educação, tentativa de censura à liberdade de cátedra etc. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivos a) apresentar a trajetória da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, no período de 1945 a 1964; b) expor os bastidores da disputa política no Congresso Nacional no que tange a aprovação da Lei Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, no período de 1945 a 1964; c) fomentar a reflexão sobre as relações entre política, ideologia econômica e políticas públicas para a educação. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa é bibliográfica e documental, qualitativa e exploratória; teoricamente, fundamenta-se nas obras de Boris Fausto (2013), Thomas E. Skidmore (2010) e Evaldo Vieira (2015). No campo da História da Educação, trabalhamos com Dermeval Saviani (1998). Além disso, como suporte teórico suplementar, visitamos as obras de István Mészáros (2015), Steven Levitsky e Daniel Ziblatt (2018), entre outras. A pesquisa demonstra que grupos políticos e sociais distintos disputaram, por razões distintas, o controle sobre a educação brasileira. Em meio a divergências e convergências entre esses grupos, o projeto de Lei que fixa as Diretrizes de Bases Nacional tramitou no Congresso Nacional durante dezesseis anos. Concluímos que é necessário refletir sobre os caminhos que percorremos, as estratégias que adotamos, as alianças que estabelecemos para enfrentar os problemas da educação.
Protection des intérêts des actionnaires et des créanciers de la société anonyme dans la législation burundaise et le droit communautaire OHADA
Authors: Nzohabonayo Anaclet 
Published: February 2021

Les intérêts des actionnaires et des créanciers sont moins antagonistes qu’ils ne le paraissent en dépit des différences qui les caractérisant. Les premiers n’existent pas sans les seconds et vice-versa. Cette réflexion démontre que seule leur protection concurrente constitue le soubassement de leur cohabitation fructueuse. Cette analyse explicite les mécanismes juridiques qui permettent d’assurer une cohabitation « pacifique » des intérêts des acteurs principaux de la société anonyme. Elle décortique les textes sous étude et nourrit la critique doctrinale aux riches commentaires pouvant provoquer leur relecture par les décideurs. Par ricochet, l’étude contribue à éclaircir des principes dont la compréhension garantit le maintien de l’exploitation et la viabilité financière de la société anonyme. Pour illustrer ces développements, l’analyse se sert d’une comparaison des dispositions de l’Acte uniforme de l’OHADA portant sur le droit des sociétés commerciales et groupement d’intérêt économique et du Code burundais des sociétés privées et à participation publique.
Le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies et les droits de l’homme
Authors: Biayi Patient Mpunga 
Published: February 2021

Cet article analyse la problématique de l’intervention du Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies en matière des droits de l’homme. En passant en revue les différentes résolutions du Conseil de sécurité, l’article démontre que ce dernier a intégré la composante des droits de l’homme à la sécurité collective en deux temps forts. Tout d’abord, l’organe onusien qualifie certaines violations massives des droits de l’homme en « menace contre la paix et la sécurité internationales », pour autant qu’elles aient un impact sécuritaire et une dimension internationale. Ensuite, le Conseil de sécurité a élargi le concept de « paix et sécurité internationales » en vue d’aborder simultanément les différentes notions de sécurité internationale, de droits de l’homme et de développement. La sécurité collective est ainsi étendue aux concepts de « sécurité humaine » et de « responsabilité de protéger ». Toutefois, l’article constate que le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies accuse certaines limites en la matière. Le recours au Chapitre VII de la Charte de San Francisco en matière des violations massives et systématiques des droits de l’homme est totalement sélectif. Le Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU manque d'un programme d’inclusion des droits de l’homme dans ses interventions. Faute d’intégration pleine et entière des droits de l’homme dans ses résolutions et délibérations, le Conseil de sécurité court le risque de voir sa légitimité décroître davantage.
“Che scìcco!”: i forestierismi di moda in un vocabolario dialettale degli anni Venti
Authors: Dota Michela 
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to illustrate and analyse the incidence of foreign words inherent to the special language of fashion in the Vocabolario domestico del dialetto foggiano (1929) by Carlo Villani (Foggia 1855 - Naples 1931). Although it has been published during the Twenties, a period notoriously hostile to dialects, the vocabulary follows the Gentilian cultural climate, well-disposed towards the works of enhancement of local linguistic heritage, which, especially for school, reach their peak in the 1920s. Furthermore, the vocabulary is the latest heir to a municipal and family lexicographic tradition, which flourished in the mid-nineteenth century, on the model of Basilio Puoti’s Vocabolario domestico napoletano e toscano. However, if the forerunner Saggio di vocabolario familiare (1841) follows Puoti’s purist thought, explicitly criticizing foreign words, the Vocabolario domestico del dialetto foggiano lemmatises them by showing their productivity in local speech; it provides interesting information for the history of language and customs at the same time (as can be seen from the glossary offered in this paper, properly commented). Nonetheless, this tolerance seems confined to the dialectal speech only: the translations proposed are mostly hyperonyms or words characterised by a greater semantic extension, which sacrifice the more precise semantic of the original forms, while compromising the memory of the referent.
Moda, forestierismi e traduzioni: un confronto interlinguistico
Authors: Ondelli Stefano 
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with the presence of foreign words in magazines and websites regarding the fashion industry. After illustrating recent research aimed at assessing the frequency of loan words in Italian fashion magazines and classifying them according to a range of semantic fields, a survey is conducted on fashion magazines published in different countries to evaluate which language is more prone to accept loans and calques. As a third step, the different linguistic versions of the websites of American, French and Italian fashion brands are compared to assess whether differences emerge in the frequency and types of foreign words included in texts originally written in a given language vs. translated webpages. Despite the latest developments in the communication strategies of the fashion industry, the frequency and types of foreign words remain unchanged in both source and target texts and point to the persuasive and connotative – rather than denotative – role played by fashion terminology.