bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the effects of a mindfulness mobile application on student pharmacists’ stress, burnout, and mindfulness
Authors: Chu Angela , Rose Tyler M , Gundrum Danielle A , McMorris Tressa E , Klausner Eytan A , Lang Lynn A , Shan Guogen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Pharmacists report high levels of burnout. Mindfulness approaches have been demonstrated to have positive results in the general population and in other healthcare professions. However, limited studies have been performed evaluating mindfulness approaches in student pharmacists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of daily use of a mindfulness mobile application in improving student pharmacists’ perceived stress, burnout, and mindfulness.

Methods
This study was a randomized, longitudinal, waitlist-controlled trial. The intervention group was asked to meditate using the mindfulness application Headspace daily for at least 6 weeks. The waitlist control group was asked to abstain from using the application for the entire study. Stress, burnout, and mindfulness were assessed using validated survey instruments at baseline, 6 weeks, and 10 weeks. A secondary outcome was to assess the persistence of application use after the intervention period.

Results
Fifty-six participants completed the study. The intervention group reported significantly lower scores on stress and burnout at 6 weeks compared to the control group. The intervention group also reported significantly higher scores on mindfulness. The differences in stress, burnout, and mindfulness persisted at follow-up. The mean percentage of students in the intervention group who used the application each day was 90% over the intervention period and 62% over the follow-up period.

Conclusion
A mindfulness mobile application significantly improved student pharmacists’ stress, burnout, and mindfulness with daily use. Most participants continued to use the application for 4 weeks after the end of the intervention. Positive effects on stress and mindfulness persisted even with decreased use.
Utilization of apixaban anti-Xa levels in transition from apixaban to warfarin in a patient with chronic renal dysfunction
Authors: Elgersma Brittany , Zochert Sara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose
The effect of apixaban on anti–factor Xa (anti-Xa) assays and international normalized ratio (INR) complicates transitions between anticoagulant agents. When switching from apixaban to warfarin, the recommendation is to begin both a parenteral anticoagulant and warfarin at the time of the next apixaban dose and to discontinue the parenteral agent when the INR is in an acceptable range. This proves challenging in renal dysfunction, as continued presence of apixaban contributes to both a prolonged effect on the INR and continued therapeutic levels of anticoagulation.

Summary
This case describes the transition of apixaban to warfarin in a patient with acute on chronic kidney disease and recent deep vein thrombosis, utilizing chromogenic apixaban anti-Xa assays to assess the level of anticoagulation and avoid unnecessary parenteral anticoagulation.

Conclusion
Utilization of apixaban anti-Xa levels aided in the transition from apixaban to warfarin in a patient with chronic renal failure and avoided need for parenteral bridging therapy.
Spreader Graft vs Spreader Flap in Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Aesthetic and Functional Outcomes
Authors: Keyhan Seied Omid , Fallahi Hamid Reza , Cheshmi Behzad , Jafari Modrek Mahdi , Ramezanzade Shaqayeq , Sadeghi Erfan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundInsufficient support of the nasal mid-vault during rhinoplasty can cause significant complications. Accordingly, surgeons have recently paid much more attention to the preservation of nasal patency. The spreader graft is the gold standard technique for the reconstruction of nasal mid-vault.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare the spreader graft and spreader flap in terms of aesthetic and functional outcomes.MethodsAn inclusive search was performed with PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases up to April 2021. Multiple aesthetic and functional factors, including dorsal aesthetic lines restoration, satisfaction rate, internal nasal valve angle improvement, nasal obstruction symptom evaluation scale, and active anterior rhinomanometry were evaluated. Also, a meta-analysis was performed on the included articles that provided adequate data for mentioned factors.ResultsAfter excluding papers that did not conform with the selection criteria, 10 articles with a total sample size of 567 cases with a mean age of 27.7 years (range, 18-65 years) were finally included. Analysis of the data revealed no statistically significant difference between the spreader graft and spreader flap techniques in terms of dorsal aesthetic lines restoration, internal nasal valve angle improvement, nasal obstruction symptom evaluation scale, and anterior rhinomanometry.ConclusionsHowever, in terms of satisfaction rate, the analyzes indicated that spreader graft has significantly superior aesthetic outcomes. Generally, in case of appropriately selected patients, there is no statistically significant difference between spreader graft and spreader flap techniques in terms of aesthetic and functional outcomes.
Effect of Throat Pack Placement on the Incidence of Sore Throat and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Septorhinoplasty Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Borna Reza , McCleary Sean , Wang Libing , Lee Albert , Saadat Sean , Grogan Tristan , Partownavid Parisa , Roostaeian Jason 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Advances in surgical and anesthetic techniques have led to a growing interest in performing procedures at ambulatory surgery centers. However, procedures involving the oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal region may lead to the ingestion of blood, which can lead to postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). To date, limited studies have largely failed to demonstrate the benefits of oropharyngeal throat packing.

Objectives
The authors aimed to investigate whether throat packing during elective septorhinoplasty increases the incidence of postoperative throat pain and assess its effects on PONV.

Methods
A randomized, prospective, single-blinded study was performed on 101 patients undergoing elective septorhinoplasty who received oropharyngeal throat packing vs no packing to compare the incidence of PONV and throat pain in the immediate postoperative period in addition to postoperative day (POD) 1 and 2.

Results
The incidence and severity of postoperative throat pain were significantly greater in patients receiving throat packs in the immediate postoperative period and on POD 1. Significant differences in throat pain and incidence between the 2 groups diminished by POD 2. Patients having received throat packs also demonstrated a higher utilization of opioids in postanesthesia care unit. The incidence of PONV did not significantly differ between the 2 cohorts at any point of observations.

Conclusions
The results of this study largely agree with previous data that throat packs may contribute to postoperative throat pain while not significantly altering the incidence of PONV. Considering these data, we do not recommend routine utilization of throat packing during elective septorhinoplasty.

Level of Evidence: 2
A novel enzyme synthesized by Acinetobacter sp. SM04 is responsible for zearalenone biodegradation
Authors: Tang Yuqian , Liu Chendi , Yang Jiguo , Peng Xian 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Zearalenone (ZEA), a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by multiple Fusarium species, contaminates cereals and threatens the health of both humans and animals by inducing hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity. A new alkali tolerant enzyme named Ase, capable of degrading ZEA without H2O2, was derived from Acinetobacter sp. SM04 in this study. The Ase gene shares 97% sequence identity with hypothetical proteins from Acinetobacter pittii strain WCHAP 100004 and YMC 2010/8/T346 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus PHEA-2, respectively. Based on the Acinetobacter genus database, the gene encoding Ase was cloned and extracellularly expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. After degrading 88.4% of ZEA (20 µg/mL), it was confirmed through MCF-7 cell proliferation assays that Ase can transform ZEA into a nonestrogenic toxic metabolite. Recombinant Ase (molecular weight: 28 kDa), produced by E. coli BL21/pET32a(+)-His-Ase, was identified as an oxygen-utilizing and cytochrome-related enzyme with optimal activity at 60 °C and pH 9.0.
Isopentenyl diphosphate/dimethylallyl diphosphate-specific Nudix hydrolase from the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina mazei
Authors: Ishibashi Yumi , Matsushima Natsumi , Ito Tomokazu , Hemmi Hisashi 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Nudix hydrolases typically catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleoside diphosphate linked to moiety X and yield nucleoside monophosphate and X-phosphate, while some of them hydrolyze a terminal diphosphate group of non-nucleosidic compounds and convert it into a phosphate group. Although the number of Nudix hydrolases is usually limited in archaea comparing with those in bacteria and eukaryotes, the physiological functions of most archaeal Nudix hydrolases remain unknown. In this study, a Nudix hydrolase family protein, MM_2582, from the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina mazei was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. This recombinant protein shows higher hydrolase activity toward isopentenyl diphosphate and short-chain prenyl diphosphates than that toward nucleosidic compounds. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the archaeal enzyme prefers isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate, which suggests its role in the biosynthesis of prenylated flavin mononucleotide, a recently discovered coenzyme that is required, for example, in the archaea-specific modified mevalonate pathway.
Isolation and characterization of indigo-reducing bacteria and analysis of microbiota from indigo fermentation suspensions
Authors: Nakagawa Kasumi , Takeuchi Michiki , Tada Manami , Matsunaga Momoka , Kugo Masami , Kiyofuji Suzuna , Kikuchi Mayu , Yomota Kazuya , Sakamoto Takaiku , Kano Kenji , Ogawa Jun , Sakuradani Eiji 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTIn natural indigo dyeing, the water-insoluble indigo included in the composted indigo leaves called sukumo is converted to water-soluble leuco-indigo through the reduction activities of microorganisms under alkaline conditions. To understand the relationship between indigo reduction and microorganisms in indigo-fermentation suspensions, we isolated and identified the microorganisms that reduce indigo and analyzed the microbiota in indigo-fermentation suspensions. Indigo-reducing microorganisms, which were not isolated by means of a conventional indigo carmine-reduction assay method, were isolated by using indigo as a direct substrate and further identified and characterized. We succeeded in isolating bacteria closely related to Corynebacterium glutamicum, Chryseomicrobium aureum, and Enterococcus sp. for the first time. Anthraquinone was found to be an effective mediator that facilitated the indigo-reduction activity of the isolated strains. On analysis of the microbiota in indigo-fermentation suspensions, the ratio of indigo-reducing bacteria and others was found to be important for maintaining the indigo-reduction activity.
Identification of transposon-inserted mutations including rnpB::Tn that abolished glucose induction of sigX encoding extracytoplasmic function-sigma factor in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Ogura Mitsuo 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigated the regulators of the glucose induction (GI) of the ECF-sigma genes sigX/M. During further screening of transposon-inserted mutants, we identified several regulators including an RNA component of RNase P (rnpB), which is required for tRNA maturation. A depletion of rnpB is known to trigger the stringent response. We showed evidence that the stringent response inhibited GI of sigX/M.
Complementation of fission yeast kinesin-5/Cut7 with human Eg5 provides a versatile platform for screening of anticancer compounds
Authors: Hwang Woosang , Toda Takashi , Yukawa Masashi 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTKinesin-5 family proteins are essential for bipolar spindle assembly to ensure mitotic fidelity. Here, we demonstrate evolutionary functional conservation of kinesin-5 between human and fission yeast. Human Eg5 expressed in the nucleus replaces fission yeast counterpart Cut7. Intriguingly, Eg5 overproduction results in cytotoxicity. This phenotype provides a useful platform for the development of novel kinesin-5 inhibitors as anticancer drugs.
Practice research methods in social work: Processes, applications and implications for social service organisations
Authors: McBeath Bowen , Austin Michael J , Carnochan Sarah , Chuang Emmeline 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough social work research is commonly rooted within social service settings, it can be difficult for social work researchers and practitioners to develop and sustain participatory studies that specifically promote knowledge sharing and service improvement involving organisational practice. One participatory approach is practice research (PR), which involves social work researchers and practitioners collaborating to define, understand and try to improve the delivery of health and social care services and organisational structures and processes. The two goals of this commentary are to introduce essential methods and approaches to PR and to identify points of connection involving PR and social service organisational studies. Our specific focus on PR in statutory, voluntary and private social service organisations reflects efforts to connect practice, theory and qualitative and quantitative research methods to develop and share organisationally-situated knowledge.
Transformation of Sequential Hospital and Outpatient Laboratory Data into Between-Day Reference Change Values
Authors: Cembrowski George S , Lyon Andrew W , McCudden Christopher , Qiu Yuelin , Xu Qian , Mei Junyi , Tran David V , Sadrzadeh S M Hossein , Cervinski Mark A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Serial differences between intrapatient consecutive measurements can be transformed into Taylor series of variation vs time with the intersection at time = 0 (y0) equal to the total variation (analytical + biological + preanalytical). With small preanalytical variation, y0, expressed as a percentage of the mean, is equal to the variable component of the reference change value (RCV) calculation: (CVA2 + CVI2)1/2.

Methods
We determined the between-day RCV of patient data for 17 analytes and compared them to healthy participants’ RCVs. We analyzed 653 consecutive days of Dartmouth-Hitchcock Roche Modular general chemistry data (4.2 million results: 60% inpatient, 40% outpatient). The serial patient values of 17 analytes were transformed into 95% 2-sided RCV (RCVAlternate), and 3 sets of RCVhealthy were calculated from 3 Roche Modular analyzers’ quality control summaries and CVI derived from biological variation (BV) studies using healthy participants.

Results
The RCVAlternate values are similar to RCVhealthy derived from known components of variation. For sodium, chloride, bicarbonate calcium, magnesium, phosphate, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, and total protein, the RCVs are equivalent. As expected, increased variation was found for glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and potassium. Direct bilirubin and urea demonstrated lower variation.

Conclusions
Our RCVAlternate values integrate known and unknown components of analytic, biologic, and preanalytic variation, and depict the variations observed by clinical teams that make medical decisions based on the test values. The RCVAlternate values are similar to the RCVhealthy values derived from known components of variation and suggest further studies to better understand the results being generated on actual patients tested in typical laboratory environments.
An Advanced EEG Motion Artifacts Eradication Algorithm
Authors: Shukla Piyush Kumar , Roy Vandana , Shukla Prashant Kumar , Chaturvedi Anoop Kumar , Saxena Aumreesh Kumar , Maheshwari Manish , Pal Parashu Ram 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe electroencephalography (EEG) signal is corrupted with some non-cerebral activities due to patient movement during signal measurement. These non-cerebral activities are termed as artifacts, which may diminish the superiority of acquired EEG signal statistics. The state of the art artifact elimination approaches applied canonical correlation analysis (CCA) for confiscating EEG motion artifacts accompanied by ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). An improved cascaded approach based on Gaussian elimination CCA (GECCA) and EEMD is applied to suppress EEG artifacts effectively. However, in a highly noisy environment, a novel addition of median filter before the GECCA algorithm is suggested for improving the accuracy of onslaught the EEG signal. The median filter is opted due to its edge preserving nature and speed. This proposed approach is appraised using efficacy grounds for instance Del signal to noise ratio, Lambda (λ), root mean square error and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) parameters and verified contrary to presently obtainable EEG artifacts exclusion methods. The primary concern is to improve the efficacy and precision of the proposed artifact elimination technique. The elapsed time is also calculated to evaluate the computation efficiency. Results show that the proposed algorithm is appropriate to be used as an addition to existing algorithms in use.
Using dermal glucocorticoids to determine the effects of disease and environment on the critically endangered Wyoming toad
Authors: Santymire Rachel M , Sacerdote-Velat Allison B , Gygli Andrew , Keinath Douglas A , Poo Sinlan , Hinkson Kristin M , McKeag Elizabeth M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Amphibian populations are declining worldwide, and increased exposure to environmental stressors, including global climate change and pathogens like Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), may be contributing to this decline. Our goal was to use a novel dermal swabbing method to measure glucocorticoid (GC) hormones and investigate the relationship among disease and environmental conditions in the critically endangered Wyoming toad (Anaxyrus baxteri). Our objectives were to (i) validate the use of dermal swabs to measure GCs using an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge on eight captive toads (4 ACTH: 2 M, 2F and 4 saline as a control: 2 M, 2F), (ii) investigate stress physiology and disease status of toads across six reintroduction sites and (iii) compare dermal cortisol between reintroduced and captive toads. Dermal cortisol peaked immediately after the ACTH and saline injections. Faecal GC metabolites (FGMs) were significantly higher one week after the ACTH injection compared with the week before. Saline-injected toads had no change in FGM over time. Toads were only found in three reintroduction sites and dermal cortisol was similar across sites; however, reintroduced toads had higher dermal cortisol in August compared with June and compared with captive individuals. Bd status did not influence dermal cortisol concentrations. Dermal and faecal hormonal metabolite analyses can be used to study amphibian stress physiology and learn how environmental conditions are impacting population success.
ESC guidance for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: part 2—care pathways, treatment, and follow-up
Authors:   The Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology, Baigent Colin , Windecker Stephan , Andreini Daniele , Arbelo Elena , Barbato Emanuele , Bartorelli Antonio L , Baumbach Andreas , Behr Elijah R , Berti Sergio , Bueno Héctor , Capodanno Davide , Cappato Riccardo , Chieffo Alaide , Collet Jean Philippe , Cuisset Thomas , de Simone Giovanni , Delgado Victoria , Dendale Paul , Dudek Dariusz , Edvardsen Thor , Elvan Arif , González-Juanatey José R , Gori Mauro , Grobbee Diederick , Guzik Tomasz J , Halvorsen Sigrun , Haude Michael , Heidbuchel Hein , Hindricks Gerhard , Ibanez Borja , Karam Nicole , Katus Hugo , Klok Fredrikus A , Konstantinides Stavros V , Landmesser Ulf , Leclercq Christophe , Leonardi Sergio , Lettino Maddalena , Marenzi Giancarlo , Mauri Josepa , Metra Marco , Morici Nuccia , Mueller Christian , Petronio Anna Sonia , Polovina Marija M , Potpara Tatjana , Praz Fabien , Prendergast Bernard , Prescott Eva , Price Susanna , Pruszczyk Piotr , Rodríguez-Leor Oriol , Roffi Marco , Romaguera Rafael , Rosenkranz Stephan , Sarkozy Andrea , Scherrenberg Martijn , Seferovic Petar , Senni Michele , Spera Francesco R , Stefanini Giulio , Thiele Holger , Tomasoni Daniela , Torracca Luccia , Touyz Rhian M , Wilde Arthur A , Williams Bryan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsSince its emergence in early 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels, and there have been repeated outbreaks across the globe. The aim of this two part series is to provide practical knowledge and guidance to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular (CV) disease in association with COVID-19.Methods and resultsA narrative literature review of the available evidence has been performed, and the resulting information has been organized into two parts. The first, which was reported previously, focused on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of CV conditions that may be manifest in patients with COVID-19. This second part addresses the topics of: care pathways and triage systems and management and treatment pathways, both of the most commonly encountered CV conditions and of COVID-19; and information that may be considered useful to help patients with CV disease (CVD) to avoid exposure to COVID-19.ConclusionThis comprehensive review is not a formal guideline but rather a document that provides a summary of current knowledge and guidance to practicing clinicians managing patients with CVD and COVID-19. The recommendations are mainly the result of observations and personal experience from healthcare providers. Therefore, the information provided here may be subject to change with increasing knowledge, evidence from prospective studies, and changes in the pandemic. Likewise, the guidance provided in the document should not interfere with recommendations provided by local and national healthcare authorities.
Cooperation amidst competition: cybersecurity partnership in the US financial services sector
Authors: Atkins Sean , Lawson Chappell 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
The US Financial Services Sector (FSS) is commonly regarded as one of the most successful in addressing cybersecurity through public–private partnership and as a potential model for less advanced sectors. However, how well the sector has actually fared remains poorly understood. Based on publicly available material and in-depth interviews with those intimately involved in business–government collaboration on cybersecurity in the FSS, we analyze how and why collaboration evolved into its current form. We find that considerable gaps remain, which both reveal limitations in the current policy framework for the FSS and suggest lessons for other critical infrastructure sectors.