bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analytic Evolutionary Algorithm To Compute Higher-Order Solutions For Model Equation
Authors: Li Bang-Qing , Ma Yu-Lan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, by introducing Darboux operator in evolutionary computing frame, we propose a novel analytic evolutionary algorithm to obtain exact higher-order iteration solutions for model equation. We construct the first-, second- and third-order solutions of a generalized Schrödinger equation by applying this algorithm. The higher-order solutions not only retain the basic features of the lower-order cases, but also become more abundant than the lower-order cases.
Neuromotor Prosthetic to Treat Stroke-Related Paresis
Authors: Serruya Mijail , Napoli Alessandro , Satterthwaite Nicholas , Kardine John , McCoy Joseph , Grampurohit Namrata , Talekar Kiran , Middleton Devon , Mohamed Feroze , Kogan Michael , Wu Chengyuan , Sharan Ashwini , Rosenwasser Robert 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Functional recovery of independent arm movement typically plateaus within six months following a stroke, leaving chronic motor deficits. This feasibility study tested whether a wearable, powered exoskeletal orthosis, driven by a percutaneous, implanted brain–computer interface (BCI), using the activity of neurons in the precentral gyrus in the affected cortical hemisphere, could restore voluntary upper extremity function in a person with chronic hemiparetic subsequent to a cerebral hemispheric stroke of subcortical gray and white matter and cortical gray matter.Methods One person with chronic hemiparetic stroke with upper-limb motor impairment used a powered elbow-wrist-hand orthosis that opened and closed the affected hand using cortical activity, recorded from four 64-channel microelectrode arrays implanted in the ipsilesional precentral gyrus, based on decoding of spiking patterns and high frequency field potentials generated by imagined hand movements using technology and decoding methods used for people with other causes of paralysis. The system was evaluated in a home setting daily for 12 weeks. Results Robust single unit activity, modulating with attempted or imagined movement, was present throughout the precentral gyrus areas. The participant was able to acquire voluntary control over a hand-orthosis BCI, with a score of 10 points on the Action Research Arm Test (out of 53) using the BCI, compared to 0 without any device, and 5 using myoelectric control. Orthosis-powered hand-opening was faster with BCI control compared to myoelectric control, on a standardized object-movement task. Conclusions The findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of an implantable BCI system coupled to a brace to “electrically bypass” the stroke and promote neurally driven limb function. The participant’s ability to rapidly acquire voluntary control over otherwise paralyzed hand opening, more than 18 months after a subcortical stroke, lays the foundation for a fully implanted movement restoration system.
Virtual Experimentations by Deep learning on Tangible Materials
Authors: Hata Kenji , Honda Takashi , Muroga Shun , Nakajima Hideaki , Shimizu Taiyo , Kazufumi Kobashi , Morita Hiroshi , Okazaki Toshiya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Artificial intelligence is an emerging frontier in material science to discover new materials with targeted properties by an artificial neural network (ANN) constructed from existing structure-property databases. This approach has not been applicable to tangible materials, such as plastic composites, fabrics, and rubbers, because the complexities of their structures cannot be defined. Here we propose a deep learning computational framework that can implement “virtual” experiments on tangible materials (carbon nanotube (CNT) films) where structural representations (scanning electron microscope images at 4 levels of magnifications (x2k, x20k, x50k, x100k)) of the processed material (dispersing and filtering) were created by multiple generative adversarial networks from which an ANN predicted multiple properties (electrical conductivity and specific surface area). 1865 virtual experiments were finished within an hour, a task that would take years for real experiments. The accumulated data can be used as a versatile database for material science, in analogous to databases of molecules and solids used in cheminformatics, as exemplified by investigations of the correlation between the electrical conductivity and specific surface area, wall number phase diagrams, the most economical mixture of CNTs at specific property, and inversely designed CNT supercapacitors.
Effectiveness of chelating agent-assisted Fenton-like processes on remediation of glucocorticoid contaminated soil using chemical and biological assessment: performance comparison of CaO2 and H2O2
Authors: Liu Yanan , Zhou Quan , Li Zhenyu , Zhang Ai , Zhan Jiaxun , Miruka Andere Clement , Gao Xiaoting , Wang Jie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have drawn great concern due to widespread contamination in the environment and application in treating COVID-19. Most studies on GC removal mainly focused on aquatic environment, while GC behaviors in soil were less mentioned. In this study, degradation of three selected GCs in soil have been investigated using citric acid (CA)-modified Fenton-like processes (H2O2/Fe(III)/CA and CaO2/Fe(III)/CA treatments). The results showed that GCs in soil can be removed by modified Fenton-like processes (removal efficiency > 70% for 24 h). CaO2/Fe(III)/CA was more efficient than H2O2/Fe(III)/CA at low oxidant dosage (< 0.28–0.69 mmol/g) for long treatment time (> 4 h). Besides the chemical assessment with GC removal, effects of Fenton-like processes were also evaluated by biological assessments with bacteria and plants. CaO2/Fe(III)/CA was less harmful to the richness and diversity of microorganisms in soil compared to H2O2/Fe(III)/CA. Weaker phytotoxic effects were observed on GC-contaminated soil treated by CaO2/Fe(III)/CA than H2O2/Fe(III)/CA. This study therefore, recommends CaO2 based treatments to remediate GC-contaminated soils.
Soil Type Influence Nutrient Availability, Microbial Metabolic Diversity, Eubacterial and Diazotroph Abundance in Chickpea Rhizosphere
Authors: Gowda Sneha , Swarnalakshmi Karivaradharajan , Sharma Meenakshi , Reddy Kedharnath , Bhoumik Arpan , Suman Archna , Kannepalli Annapurna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rhizosphere microbial communities are dynamic and play a crucial role in diverse biochemical processes and nutrient cycling. Soil type and cultivar modulate the compositionof rhizosphere microbial communities. Changes in the community composition significantly alter microbial function and ecological process. We examined the influence of soil type on eubacterial and diazotrophic community abundance and microbial metabolic potential in chickpea (cv. BG 372 and cv. BG 256) rhizosphere. The total eubacterial and diazotrophic community as estimated through 16S rDNA and nifH gene copy numbers using qPCR showed the soil type influence with clear rhizosphere effect on gene abundance. PLFA study has shown the variation in microbial community structure with different soil types. Differential influence of soil types and cultivar on the ratio of Gram positive to Gram negative bacteria was observed with most rhizosphere soils corresponding to higher ratios than bulk soil. The rhizosphere microbial activities (urease, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-glucosidase) were also assessed as an indicator of microbial metabolic diversity. Principal component analysis and K-means non-hierarchical cluster mapping grouped soils into three categories, each having different soil enzyme activity or edaphic drivers. Soil type and cultivar influence on average substrate utilization pattern analyzed through community level physiological profiling (CLPP) was found to be higher for rhizosphere soils than bulk soils. The soil nutrient studies revealed that both soil type and cultivar influenced the available N, P, K and organic carbon content of rhizosphere soil. Our study signifies that soil type and cultivarjointly influenced soil microbial community abundance and their metabolic potential.
E-shape Metamaterials Embedded Implantable Antenna for ISM-band Biomedical Applications
Authors: Saidi Amaria , Nouri Keltouma , Bouazza Boubakar Seddik , Becharef Kada , Cherifi Abdelhamid , Abes Turkiya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a compact antenna based on two different metamaterial resonators, the E-shape resonators and the interdigital resonators suitable for biomedical implant applications. The proposed antennas operate in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands in the frequency band of 2.4–2.5 GHz. The integration of metamaterial (MTM) in the design leading to the reduce size of these antennas and gaining enhancement. The overall size of the proposed antennas is\(8\times 7\times 1.27{\mathbf{m}\mathbf{m}}^{3}\). The implantable antennas contain two layers of the substrate; the lower layer comprises the MTM resonators and the upper, superstrate layer. To order to observe the exposure of electromagnetic energy to human tissues, the specific absorption rates (SARs) of the proposed antennas are also calculated in the layer model. The antennas are designed and simulated by the two software simulators CST and HFSS.
Product Quality Control Strategy of Dual Distribution Channel Structure in Three-Echelon Supply Chain
Authors: Zhu Lilong , Lu Bingjie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Based on the three-stage Stackelberg dynamic game model, this paper considers how to make product quality control strategy in the three-echelon supply chain consisting of the manufacturer, retailer and customer in the case of retailer dual channel structure (traditional retail channel, internet channel) and manufacturer dual channel structure (traditional retail channel, a third-party platform internet channel). When there are two types of decision model (decentralized decision, centralized decision), we analyze the demand price elasticity, market share ratio, revenue sharing ratio and quality cost coefficient how to influence the product demand, product quality level, retail price and direct price in different channels, expected revenue functions of manufacturer and retailer, consumer surplus and product quality control strategy. We find that: First of all, the retail price and direct price are positively related to product quality level, and the product quality level is negatively related with the demand price elasticity in traditional retail channel and the demand price elasticity in internet channel. What's more, the retailers’ retail price in traditional retail channel will be higher than direct price in internet channel. Thirdly, in the case of centralized decision, the manufacturers' product quality level, retail price, joint expected revenue and consumer surplus will all rise, but the direct price will fall. Fourthly, when the manufacturer establishes the dual channel structure, i.e., entrusting the third-party platform to build the internet channel, the manufacturer's product quality level, retail price, direct price, expected revenue, and consumer surplus will all decline. Finally, we conduct the numerical example by Matlab 2018, which verifies the validity and credibility of our conclusions, and points out the direction for the specific application of the model in practice.
Enhancement of LiFePO4 (LFP) Electrochemical PerformanceTthrough the Insertion of Coconut Shell Derived rGO – Like Carbon as Cathode of Li-ion Battery
Authors: Suarso Eka , Setyawan Firsta Agung , Subhan Achmad , Ramli Muhammad Mahyiddin , Ismail Nur Syakimah , Zainuri Mochamad , Arifin Zaenal , Darminto Darminto 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, an rGO – like carbon (C) compound was synthesized from coconut shell (biomass), and inserted into LiFePO4 (LFP), as Li-ion battery cathode. Thus, an LFP/C nanocomposite was successfully fabricated using a combination of the sol-gel technique and mechanical ultracentrifugation. LiFePO4 precursors were prepared from commercial starting materials, using the sol-gel technique, and the composites’ carbon weight content was varied between 15% and 30%. Subsequently, the microstructural characteristics and electrochemical properties as cathode for Li-ion batteries were measured. In addition to exhibiting higher electrical conductivity, the synthesized LFP/C nanocomposite showed higher capacity and better cycle capability. Also, the nanocomposite cathode showed a specific capacity of 128 mAhg-1 in the first cycle, and a retention capacity of 75% after 10 cycles, at room temperature and a rate of 0.1 C. The enhanced electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance of the samples prepared are believed to be due to three-dimensional conduction network formed by the rGO like carbon sheets, as observed by electron microscopy.
Lessons Learnt from Managing Orthopaedic Trauma During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic at a UK District General Hospital
Authors: Patel Bhavisha , Green Sebastian Francis , Henessy Conor , Adamu-Biu Fatima , Davda Kinner , Chennagiri Ramesh , Kankate Raghubir , Ghani Yaser 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has contributed to over 1,000,000 deaths worldwide. Hospitals responded by expanding services to accommodate the forecasted rise in COVID-19-related admissions. We describe the effects these changes had on management of orthopaedic trauma and patient outcomes at a district general hospital in Southern England.Methods: Data were extrapolated retrospectively from two separate six-week periods in 2019 and 2020 (1st April - 13th May) using electronic records of patients referred to the orthopaedic team. Soft tissue injuries were included where a confirmed diagnosis was made with radiological evidence. Patients were excluded if no orthopaedic intervention was required. Data were compared between the two time periods. Results: There were fewer attendances to hospital in 2020 compared with 2019 (178 vs 328), but time from presentation to surgery significantly increased in 2020 (2.94 days vs 4.91 days, p=0.009). There were fewer operative complications in 2020 (36/145 vs 11/88, p<0.001). However, ordinal logistic regression analysis found a significantly greater complication severity in 2020 including death (p=0.039). Complication severity was unrelated to COVID-19 status.Conclusions: Restructuring of orthopaedic services in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with significant delays to surgery and higher post-operative complication severity. Our results demonstrate the need for fast-track emergency operative orthopaedic services in UK district general hospitals whilst the COVID-19 pandemic continues.
Visualizing Climate Change: The Role of Construal Level, Emotional Valence, and Visual Literacy
Authors: Duan Ran , Bombara Christian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study examines how the level of concreteness and abstraction of climate change imagery influences people’s responses via emotional valence, and how such effect is moderated by people’s visual literacy. Findings show that concrete images promote negative feelings, which subsequently reduce people’s perceived distance to climate change, encourage concern and behavioral intention. Less visually literate people are more influenced by the visuals’ effect and are more motivated by concrete images. Our study integrates theoretical perspectives from construal level, emotional valence and visual literacy, while also offering practical advice regarding how to effectively visualize climate change to engage a wide audience.
TEMPO-oxidized cellulose hydrogel for efficient adsorption of Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ modified by PEI
Authors: Xing Xinyi , Li Wenqi , Zhang Jie , Wu Han , Guan Ying , Gao Hui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, hydrogel were prepared by dissolving and regenerating poplar-cellulose in NaOH/urea/water system. The TEMPO-oxidized cellulose hydrogels (TCH) were prepared using microwave-assisted accelerated TEMPO-oxidation system. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was grafted onto TCH with glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent and the products named as TCP. The hydrogels were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XPS and elemental analyzer. The maximum adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Pb2+ by TCP were 109.89 mg/g and 279.32 mg/g, respectively. TCP was a single molecule adsorption process with better fitting of Langmuir model. Adsorption kinetics showed that the Pb2+ adsorption rate of TCP was higher than that for Cu2+. The Cu2+ affinity of TCP was higher than the Pb2+. The adsorption capacity of TCP for Cu2+ and Pb2+ was 58.26 mg/g and 91.96 mg/g, respectively, after five cycles. This study provided a promising option of preparing an efficient and recyclable adsorbent in treating wastewater containing heavy metal, such as Cu2+ and Pb2+.
Hyperuniformity and phase enrichment in vortex and rotor assemblies
Authors: Oppenheimer Naomi , Stein David , Zion Matan Yah Ben , Shelley Michael 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ensembles of particles rotating in a two-dimensional fluid can exhibit chaotic dynamics yet develop signatures of hidden order. Such “rotors” are found in the natural world spanning vastly disparate length scales — from the rotor proteins in cellular membranes to models of atmospheric dynamics. Here we show that an initially random distribution of either ideal vortices in an inviscid fluid, or driven rotors in a viscous membrane, spontaneously self assembles. Despite arising from drastically different physics, these systems share a Hamiltonian structure that sets geometrical conservation laws resulting in distinct structural states. We find that the rotationally invariant interactions isotropically suppress long wavelength fluctuations — a hallmark of a disordered hyperuniform material. With increasing area fraction, the system orders into a hexagonal lattice. In mixtures of two co-rotating populations, the stronger population will gain order from the other and both will become phase enriched. Finally, we show that classical 2D point vortex systems arise as exact limits of the experimentally accessible microscopic membrane rotors, yielding a new system through which to study topological defects.
Study of some toxicological aspects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles through oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and histopathology in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Khan Muhammad Naeem , Jabeen Farhat , Chaudhry Abdul Shakoor , Ara Chaman , Khan Muhammad Khalil Ahmad , Khan Muhammed Saleem 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Extensive use of nanotechnology in multiple commodities is raising concern about nanotoxicity and particularly. Particularly, many studies reported the health hazardous effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs). Study focuses on toxicity and accumulation of TiO2-NPs in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). For this purpose, Tilapia were kept in water tanks, acclimatized for fourteen days, and treated with different doses of TiO2 nanoparticles 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg TiO2-NPs /L. Results revealed an increase in accumulation of TiO2-NPs with an increase in doses. Moreover, with higher dose (1.5 mg /L) gills had maximum levels compared to muscles and liver tissues whereas other doses showed different accumulation patterns. A significantly higher concentration of catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidation was recorded in gills (p < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase in the liver. Characteristics like thickening and fusion in lamellae, rupturing of filaments and hyperplasia of gills were also recorded. The phenomenon of increased necrosis and apoptosis in the liver was also noticed with increasing concentration of TiO2-NPs along with formation of sinusoid spaces and condensed nuclear bodies. Elevated values of olive tail movement and % tail DNA were also noticed with increased concentration of TiO2-NPs. This study concluded that TiO2-NPs produced oxidative stress by accumulation in soft tissues and induced pathology and genotoxicity.
Theoretical analysis of CZTS/CZTSSe tandem solar cells.
Authors: Kumar Atul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Kesterite CZTSxSe1−x has a band gap range from 1 to 1.5eV depending upon S/Se ration. The tandem of kieserite solar cell is proposed and simulated in SCAPS-1D for device configuration and analysis of the performance. CZTS of bandgap 1.5eV as top cell and CZTSSe of bandgap 1.1eV as bottom cell are stacked in tandem for the structure. The thickness of the two layer are optimized for matching the short circuit current JSC in the tandem. This study shines light on alternative technique of thin film multijunction for enhancing the efficiency of CZTSxSe1−x solar cells.
Percutaneous Thrombectomy in the Management of Early Rethrombosis in Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Two Case Reports
Authors: Sýkora Ján , Zeleňák Kamil , Vorčák Martin , Krkoška Adam , Vetešková Štefánia , Sýkorová Martina , Sivák Jozef , Hlinka Ľuboš , Šinák Igor 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundVenous thoracic outlet syndrome resulting in the upper limb deep venous thrombosis is known as Paget–Schroetter syndrome or effort thrombosis. A general treatment algorithm includes catheter-directed thrombolysis followed by surgical thoracic outlet decompression. There are limited data regarding endovascular treatment of rethrombosis presenting early after the surgery.Case presentationTwo cases of early rethrombosis successfully treated with percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy by two different techniques are described. In both cases, rethrombosis was diagnosed soon after thrombolysis and first rib resection with scalenectomy. After 6 months, both patients remain symptom-free, with patent subclavian veins confirmed by duplex ultrasonography. ConclusionPercutaneous mechanical thrombectomy devices may offer a safe treatment option for patients with recurrent thrombosis after thoracic outlet surgery, even when thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated.
Social decision making, hierarchy and emotional contagion are interconnected by the basolateral amygdala
Authors: Scheggia Diego , Greca Filippo La , Maltese Federica , Carrano Niccolò , DiLuca Monica , Papaleo Francesco 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Decisions in social contexts might lead to choices favoring self- or others-interest, depending on the relationships between individuals. Prosocial and helping behaviors are evolutionary conserved across mammals. However, the neurobiological bases of choices that benefit others at a personal cost are not understood. Here, we revealed the role of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in altruistic and selfish choices. We developed a two-choice social decision-making task in which mice could decide to share or not a positive reinforcement with their conspecifics. Preference for altruistic choices was more evident in males and if the conspecific was familiar. In particular, altruistic choices were associated with social dominance and affective state matching between individuals. Chemogenetic BLA neuronal silencing induced lower ranking hierarchy and less preference for altruistic choices. This provides a neurobiological comparative model of altruistic and selfish choices versus dominance hierarchy and emotional contagion, with relevance to pathologies associated with dysfunctions in social decision-making.