bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomes Derived from Hypoxia-conditioned Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Lymphangiogenesis via Modulation of miR-129/HMGB1/AKT Pathway
Authors: Yang Yi , Li Xu-bo , Li Yu , Li Tian-xiao , Li Ping , Deng Guang-mao , Guo Qiang , Zhou Xiang , Chen Xiao-hu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) play an important role in lymphangiogenesis; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of exosomes secreted by hypoxia-conditioned ADSCs in lymphangiogenesis and explore the potential molecular mechanisms.Methods Exosomes were extracted from ADSCs cultured under hypoxia or normoxia conditions. The uptake of exosomes by LECs was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The effects of exosomes on the viability, migration, and tube formation of LECs were determined by CCK-8 assay, migration assay, and tube formation assay, respectively. Molecules and pathway involved in lymphangiogenesis mediated by ADSC-derived exosomes were analyzed by luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot.Results Hypoxia ADSC-derived exosomes (H-ADSC/exos) significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of LECs. Hypoxia decreased the expression of miR-129 in ADSC-derived exosomes. Overexpression of miR-129 counteracted the promoting effect of H-ADSC/exos on lymphangiogenesis. In addition, decreased exosomal miR-129 expression resulted in upregulation of HMGB1 in LECs, which led to AKT activation and lymphangiogenesis enhancement. Our data reveal that exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned ADSCs induce lymphangiogenesis, and this effect is mediated by miR-129/HMGB1/AKT signaling. Conclusions Our findings imply that hypoxia ADSC-isolated exosomes may represent as a valuable target for the treatment of diseases associated with lymphatic remodeling.
Magnitude of Common Childhood Illness, Health Care Seeking Behavior, and Associated Factors in Efratana Gidim District, East Amhara, Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Getahun Genanew Kassie , Abebil Fentayehu , Mahmud Sindew , Firdawok Ewunetu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Childhood infectious illness mainly diarrheal diseases, febrile illnesses, and acute respiratory tract infection remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children below five years. Delay and inappropriate healthcare-seeking behavior of caregivers’ were the major reason for under-five child death in developing countries including Ethiopia. According to WHO, a timely healthcare-seeking practice can effectively save the lives of children by 20%, particularly from ARIs, and significantly minimize morbidities. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of common childhood illness, healthcare-seeking behavior, and associated factors in Efratana Gidim District, East Amhara, Ethiopia, 2020.
Methods

A community based crossectional study was conducted from March 15 to April 15, 2020, among urban and rural respondents. Multistage sampling technique was employed with a total of 661 respondents by using semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interviews. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the association between healthcare-seeking behavior and predictor variables. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of associations and statistical significance was considered at p-value < 0.05.
Results

the overall two weeks prevalence of childhood illness was 24.1%, (95% CI: 21.1%-27.3%) and 59.1%, (95% CI: 51.1%-66.8%) of caregivers sought treatment at health facility. Moreover, fever, cough, and diarrhea accounted for 16.9%, 16.8%, and 11% respectively. Caregivers’ level of education (AOR = 2.56:95%CI: 1.09, 5.99) and residence (0.26: 95%CI: 0.09, 0.73) were significant factors for childhood illness and experience of child death (AOR = 3.766; 95%CI: 1.726, 8.873), diarrheal symptoms (AOR = 3.914; 95%CI: 2.043, 10.828) and access to transportation (AOR = 3.352; 95%CI: 1.049, 10.710) were predictors of healthcare seeking behavior of caregivers.
Conclusion

the prevalence of common childhood illness was high however; treatment-seeking behavior of caregivers for common childhood illness was low. Caregivers’ experience of child death before, symptoms of diarrhea, and access to transportation were predictors of Healthcare-seeking behavior. Therefore repeated health education on basic prevention measures of common childhood illnesses and health promotion strategies to enhance caregivers’ Healthcare-seeking behavior are critically important. .
Study of Silicon Nitride Waveguide Platform for On-Chip Virus Detection: Prospects for COVID-19
Authors: Shamy Raghi S. El , Swillam Mohamed A. , Li Xun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work presents a rigorous sensitivity analysis of silicon nitride on silicon dioxide strip waveguide for virus detection, focusing on COVID-19. In general, by functionalizing the waveguide surface with specific antibodies layer, we make the optical sensor sensitive only to a particular virus. Unlike conventional virus detection methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), integrated refractive index (RI) optical sensors offer cheap and mass-scale fabrication of compact devices for fast and straightforward detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. Our analysis includes a wide range of wavelengths from visible to mid-infrared. We determined the strip waveguide's single-mode dimensions and the optimum dimensions that maximize the sensitivity to the virus layer attached to its surface at each wavelength. We also compared the strip waveguide to the widely used slot waveguide. Our study shows that silicon nitride strip waveguide working at lower wavelengths is the optimum choice for virus detection as it maximizes both the waveguide sensitivity (Swg) and the figure of merit (FOM) of the sensor. Furthermore, the optimized waveguide can work for a range of viruses. Balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensors were designed at different wavelengths showing high FOM at λ = 450nm ranging from 500 RIU-1 up to 1231 RIU-1 with LMZI=500 µm. Different MZI configurations were also studied and compared. Finally, edge coupling from the fiber to the sensor was designed, showing insertion loss (IL) at λ = 450nm of 4.1 dB for the design with FOM = 500 RIU-1. The obtained coupling efficiencies are higher than recently proposed fiber couplers.
The duration of estrogen treatment before progesterone application does not affect neonatal and perinatal outcomes in single frozen blastocyst transfer cycles
Authors: Du Mingze , Zhang Junwei , Yu Xiaona , Li Jiaheng , Liu Xinmi , Sun Lijun , Wang Xingling , Guan Yichun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The number of frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles has substantially increased in the past decade. Preparing the endometrium in artificial cycles is widely used in clinical practice. Therefore, how to optimize this program, improve the clinical outcome and ensure the safety of the perinatal period is the focus of our attention. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the duration of estrogen treatment before progesterone application affects neonatal and perinatal outcomes in single frozen blastocyst transfer cycles.Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study. Patients receiving single frozen blastocyst transfer and delivering a single live birth between January 2015 and December 2019 were included. Primary outcome was small for gestational age (SGA). Secondary outcomes were neonatal birthweight, gestational weeks at delivery, preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), macrosomia, large for gestational age (LGA), neonatal malformation and rate of pregnancy-related complications.Cycles were allocated to four groups according to the estrogen-treatment duration before single frozen blastocyst transfer ①≤12 days (n=306), ②13-15 days (n=620), ③16-18 days (n=471), ④≥19 days (n=275).Results: In total, 1672 cycles were analyzed. Cycles were allocated to four groups according to the estrogen-treatment duration before single frozen blastocyst transfer ①≤12 days (n=306), ②13-15 days (n=620), ③16-18 days (n=471), ④≥19 days (n=275). The rates of SGA among the four groups were 7.8% (24/306), 4.8% (30/620), 5.7% (27/471), and 7.6% (21/275), with no statistical significance (P=0.20). Other neonatal outcomes, including mean neonatal birth weight, gestational weeks at delivery, preterm birth rate, LBW, macrosomia, LGA and neonatal malformation, were comparable among the groups (P=0.38, P=0.16, P=0.20, P=0.58, P=0.20, P=0.34, P=0.96). The rate of pregnancy-related complications was similar among the groups. Multiple logistics regression showed that the duration of estrogen treatment did not affect the rate of singleton SGA (13-15 days, AOR=1.37, 95% CI= 0.70-2.70, P=0.36; 16-18 days, AOR=0.74, 95% CI= 0.40-1.36, P=0.34; ≥19 days, AOR=0.81, 95% CI= 0.44-1.49, P=0.50).Conclusion: The estrogen-treatment duration before progesterone application does not affect neonatal and perinatal outcomes in single frozen blastocyst transfer cycles.
TEM sample preparation for Li-ion secondary battery using ion slicer
Authors: Park JungSik , Kang Yoon-Jung , Choi SunEui , Jo YongNam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The main purpose in this paper is a sample preparation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the lithium-ion secondary battery in the form of micro-sized powders. To avoid artefacts of the TEM sample preparation, the use of ion slicer milling for thinning and maintaining the intrinsic structure is described. Argon-ion milling techniques have been widely examined to make the optimized specimen, which makes TEM analysis more reliable. In the past few years, the correction of spherical aberration (Cs) in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been developing rapidly, that results in the direct observation with the atomic level resolution not only for the high acceleration voltage but also its deaccelerated voltage as well. Especially, low-kV application has been markedly increased that needs the sufficient-transparent specimen without the structural distortion during the process of the sample preparation. In this study, the sample preparation for the high-resolution STEM observation has been greatly accomplished and investigations of its crystal integrity are carried out by Cs-corrected STEM.
A combined methodology for the approximate estimation of the roots of the general sextic polynomial equation
Authors: Kouropoulos Giorgos P. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this article we present the methodology, according to which it is possible to derive approximate solutions for the roots of the general sextic polynomial equation as well as some other forms of sextic polynomial equations that normally cannot be solved by radicals; the approximate roots can be expressed in terms of polynomial coefficients. This methodology is a combination of two methods. The first part of the procedure pertains to the reduction of a general sextic equation H(x) to a depressed equation G(y), followed by the determination of solutions by radicals of G(y) which does not include a quintic term, provided that the fixed term of the equation depends on its other coefficients. The second method is a continuation of the first and pertains to the numerical correlation of the roots and the fixed term of a given sextic polynomial P(x) with the radicals and the fixed term of the sextic polynomial Q(x), where the two polynomials P(x) and Q(x) have the same coefficients except for the fixed term which might be different. From the application of the methodology presented above, the following formulation is derived; For any given general sextic polynomial equation P with coefficients within the interval [a, b], a defined polynomial equation Q corresponds which has equal coefficients to P except for its fixed term which might be different and dependent on the other coefficients so that Q has radical solutions. If we assume a pair of equations P, Q with coefficients within a predetermined interval [a, b], the numerical correlation through regression analysis of the radicals of Q, the roots of P and the fixed terms of P, Q, leads to the derivation of a mathematical model for the approximate estimation of the roots of sextic equations whose coefficients belong to the interval [a, b].
Superluminal Communication with Polarized Entangled Photons
Authors: Ritzmann Vinicius 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this work, we show that Quantum Mechanics predicts that two people who share entangled polarized pairs of photons can communicate faster than light. We show this communication only occurs in one direction, from Bob to Alice. Bob can send information to Alice by measuring the polarization of his photons in different directions. Alice can find out in which direction Bob has measured his photons by measuring how much light passes through an optical circuit. We show this communication is instantaneous because it is based on the collapse of the wave function of the entangled pair, which collapse is instantaneous. We conclude that regardless of whether this method of communication works or not in practice, we have something new because if it works, we would be contradicting the Theories of Relativity, and if it does not, we would have Quantum Mechanics predicting something that does not happen in real life.
Analysis of the Return and Risk of Investment in Insurance Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Robbyah Aizzah Sifaur , Mubarok Ferry Khusnul , El Junusi Rahman , Wahyudi Rofiul 
Published: September 2021

The return and risk of stock investment have a high level of volatility because it depends on fundamental and technical conditions and the influence of micro and macro variables. This study aims to determine the risk and return on investment in insurance companies and analyze the effect of macroeconomic variables on the level of risk and return on investment in insurance companies. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data analysis shows that for three years, Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk has the highest level of conclusion, which is 22.3%, and Asuransi Harta Aman Pratama Tbk. has the lowest rate of -3.3%. For three years, the value of Gross Domestic Product has increased successively so that this will cause a stock return that is proportional to the level of risk that will be faced. Changes in the inflation rate up and down for three consecutive years have a different effect every year where when the inflation rate decreases, the rate of return on investment will be high. In addition, the interest rate decreased from 4.75% in 2016 to 4.25% in 2017. Then it increased to 6.00% in 2018. The Rupiah exchange rate against the dollar is getting weaker, indicating an increase in the exchange rate. Every year from 2016 to 2018. When the rupiah exchange rate weakens, people will choose to invest in foreign currencies because the value of these foreign currencies can determine the size of the risk of a business.
Study on the Fire Resistance of Concrete-filled Steel Tubular Column to
Composite Beam Joints after Earthquake Damage
Authors: Wang Wen-Da , Wei Guo-Qiang , Ji Sun-Hang , Mao Wen-Jing 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Post-earthquake fire is one of the secondary disasters caused by the
earthquake; many earthquakes around the world have brought about severe fires and led to
enormous losses. It is of great significance to study the fire resistance of structures after earthquake
to improve the level of urban disaster prevention and reduce the fire loss.

Methods:
A nonlinear finite element model of composite joints subjected to post-earthquake
fires is established based on ABAQUS software. The state after the earthquake damage is imported
into the thermal-stress analysis model through the restart request in ABAQUS, and considered
as the initial state of the thermal-stress analysis model.

Results:
It is noticed that when the damage index is less than 0.517, the damage level shows
significant effect on the fire resistance, but the influence is no longer significant when the damage
index reaches 0.781. When only the column is exposed to fire, the column showed obvious
local buckling and overall bending deformation. Meanwhile, when the joint area below the concrete
slab is exposed to fire, the joint shows a mixed failure mode of the excessive vertical displacement
of beam end and column instability.

Conclusion:
The fire resistance of the composite joint decreases gradually with the increase of
seismic damage level. The fire condition has a significant effect on the fire resistance of the
composite joints; with the increase of fire area, the fire resistance of composite joints with same
damage degrees decreases gradually.
The Enduring Influence of Female Special Operations Executive Agent Biopics on Cultural Memory and Representations in France and Great Britain
Authors: Pomiès-Maréchal Sylvie 
Published: September 2021

Seventy-five years have elapsed since the end of World War Two. Yet, the memory of the conflict still occupies a central place in British and French collective consciousness. Fiction and film representations of the war act as powerful ‘vectors of memory’, to borrow an expression from French historian Henry Rousso, and as such, they have deeply contributed to shaping popular and cultural memories of the war.
This article investigates a specific aspect of World War Two representations, namely the cinematic representations of the female agents from the SOE F section, focusing on the ‘generic’ or archetypal figure of the female SOE agent as generated by the post-war cultural industry. After a brief contextualisation focusing on Churchill’s clandestine organisation, the article will analyse the contribution of Odette (Herbert Wilcox, 1950) and Carve Her Name with Pride (Lewis Gilbert, 1958) to the construction of a World War Two ‘mythology’. It will then address more recent films, concentrating on Charlotte Gray (Gillian Armstrong, 2001) and Female Agents (Jean-Paul Salomé, 2008).
How did the fictional construction of the female spy come to influence the social and cultural perception of the SOE agent? Are the tropes developed in such post-war films as Odette or Carve Her Name with Pride still current or have they evolved with time? The analysis of these fictional representations will reveal the permanence or evolution of certain representational patterns and also allow us to approach different perspectives on the cultural representation of World War Two on both sides of the Channel.
Effectiveness of Contact Tracing for Viral Disease Mitigation and Suppression: Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Thomas Craig Kelly Jean , Rizvi Rubina , Willis Van C , Kassler William J , Jackson Gretchen Purcell 
Published: September 2021

Background
Contact tracing in association with quarantine and isolation is an important public health tool to control outbreaks of infectious diseases. This strategy has been widely implemented during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of this nonpharmaceutical intervention is largely dependent on social interactions within the population and its combination with other interventions. Given the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, short serial intervals, and asymptomatic transmission patterns, the effectiveness of contact tracing for this novel viral agent is largely unknown.

Objective
This study aims to identify and synthesize evidence regarding the effectiveness of contact tracing on infectious viral disease outcomes based on prior scientific literature.

Methods
An evidence-based review was conducted to identify studies from the PubMed database, including preprint medRxiv server content, related to the effectiveness of contact tracing in viral outbreaks. The search dates were from database inception to July 24, 2020. Outcomes of interest included measures of incidence, transmission, hospitalization, and mortality.

Results
Out of 159 unique records retrieved, 45 (28.3%) records were reviewed at the full-text level, and 24 (15.1%) records met all inclusion criteria. The studies included utilized mathematical modeling (n=14), observational (n=8), and systematic review (n=2) approaches. Only 2 studies considered digital contact tracing. Contact tracing was mostly evaluated in combination with other nonpharmaceutical interventions and/or pharmaceutical interventions. Although some degree of effectiveness in decreasing viral disease incidence, transmission, and resulting hospitalizations and mortality was observed, these results were highly dependent on epidemic severity (R0 value), number of contacts traced (including presymptomatic and asymptomatic cases), timeliness, duration, and compliance with combined interventions (eg, isolation, quarantine, and treatment). Contact tracing effectiveness was particularly limited by logistical challenges associated with increased outbreak size and speed of infection spread.

Conclusions
Timely deployment of contact tracing strategically layered with other nonpharmaceutical interventions could be an effective public health tool for mitigating and suppressing infectious outbreaks by decreasing viral disease incidence, transmission, and resulting hospitalizations and mortality.
TATHMA`IN AL-QULUB DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Mauliana Mauliana 
Published: September 2021

Beragam pembahasan terdapat dalam al-Qur’an, salah satunya tentang qalbu yang dibahas dalam berbagai aspek, di antaranya tathma`in al-qulub. Tathma`in al-qulub adalah suatu perasaan tenang atau keadaan tenang yang dirasakan atau berasal dari dalam hati atau qalbu. Namun, pemahaman tentang ketenangan hati yang dimiliki oleh manusia masa modern yang hedonis memaknainya dengan stabil atau tetapnya keadaan kehidupan duniawi (materi) atau meningkatnya martabat di dunia. Sehingga penulis ingin mengkaji pandangan al-Qur’an tentang tathma`in al-qulub dengan melihat konteks ayat-ayat serta indikator dan hikmahnya dalam al-Qur’an. Metode yang digunakan pada kajian ini adalah metode maudhu‘i (tematik) dengan pendekatan tasawuf. Dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data kepustakaan dan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif terhadap material perpustakaan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis mengelompokkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang berbicara tentang tathma`in al-qulub dalam empat konteks pembahasan, yaitu keimanan, bantuan dalam peperangan, penyembunyian keimanan, dan perintah zikir. Selain itu, terdapat lima indikator dasar sebagai tolak ukur tathma`in al-qulub yakni taubat, beriman dan beramal saleh, takwa, tawakkal, dan sabar. Semua hal tersebut mengindikasikan keimanan seorang mukmin yang beriman dan senantiasa menjaga keimanan serta terus meningkatkan keimanannya sehingga mampu mencapai tathma`in al-qulub
SISTEMATIKA DAN PERSENTASE BAB-BAB HADIS
Authors: Suwarni Suwarni , Maizuddin Maizuddin 
Published: September 2021

Sunan adalah kitab yang disusun berdasarkan bab-bab fikih atau berisi tentang hadis-hadis ahkam (hukum) untuk dipakai sebagai referensi ulama fikih dalam istinbat hukum, seperti kitab Sunan al-Nasai, Sunan Abi Dawud, Sunan al-Tirmidzi, Sunan Ibnu Majah, dan Sunan al-Darimi. Namun, ada perbedaan dalam sistematika dan persentase pada beberapa kitab sunan tersebut. Untuk melihat permasalahan ini lebih lanjut, kajian kepustakaan ini dilakukan secara deskriptif dan komparatif dengan merujuk pada sumber-sumber terkait. Dalam kitab sunan, ditemukan ada sebagian kitab yang tidak secara ketat menggunakan sistematika berdasarkan bab fikih, sebagaimana penamaannya sebagai kitab sunan. Sistematika dan persentase bab-bab hadis dalam kitab sunan secara keseluruhannya berbeda-beda baik dari segi jumlah bab maupun jumlah hadis dalam kitab sunan tersebut