bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energetic characterization and radiographic analysis of torrefied coated MDF residues
Authors: de Castro Paula Gabriella Surdi , de Castro Vinícius Resende , Zanuncio Antonio José Vinha , Zanuncio José Cola , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Gominho Jorge , Araújo Solange de Oliveira 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe use of wood panel residues as biomass for energy production is feasible. Heat treatments can improve energy properties while minimizing the emission of toxic gases due to thermoset polymers used in Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) panels. Torrefaction or pre-carbonization, a heat treatment between 200 and 300 °C with low oxygen availability accumulates carbon and lignin, decreases hygroscopicity, and increases energy efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy parameters (immediate, structural, and elementary chemical composition, moisture content, and yield) and density in torrefied MDF panels. The torrefaction improved the energetic features of coated MDF, decreasing the moisture content, volatile matter, and consequently, concentrating the carbon with better results in the samples torrefied for 40 min. The densitometric profiles of the torrefied MDF, obtained by X-ray densitometry, showed a decrease in the apparent density as torrefaction time increased. The digital X-ray images in gray and rainbow scale enabled the most detailed study of the density variation of MDF residues.
An African tick flavivirus forming an independent clade exhibits unique exoribonuclease-resistant RNA structures in the genomic 3′-untranslated region
Authors: Harima Hayato , Orba Yasuko , Torii Shiho , Qiu Yongjin , Kajihara Masahiro , Eto Yoshiki , Matsuta Naoya , Hang’ombe Bernard M. , Eshita Yuki , Uemura Kentaro , Matsuno Keita , Sasaki Michihito , Yoshii Kentaro , Nakao Ryo , Hall William W. , Takada Ayato , Abe Takashi , Wolfinger Michael T. , Simuunza Martin , Sawa Hirofumi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs) infect mammalian hosts through tick bites and can cause various serious illnesses, such as encephalitis and hemorrhagic fevers, both in humans and animals. Despite their importance to public health, there is limited epidemiological information on TBFV infection in Africa. Herein, we report that a novel flavivirus, Mpulungu flavivirus (MPFV), was discovered in a Rhipicephalus muhsamae tick in Zambia. MPFV was found to be genetically related to Ngoye virus detected in ticks in Senegal, and these viruses formed a unique lineage in the genus Flavivirus. Analyses of dinucleotide contents of flaviviruses indicated that MPFV was similar to those of other TBFVs with a typical vertebrate genome signature, suggesting that MPFV may infect vertebrate hosts. Bioinformatic analyses of the secondary structures in the 3′-untranslated regions (UTRs) revealed that MPFV exhibited unique exoribonuclease-resistant RNA (xrRNA) structures. Utilizing biochemical approaches, we clarified that two xrRNA structures of MPFV in the 3′-UTR could prevent exoribonuclease activity. In summary, our findings provide new information regarding the geographical distribution of TBFV and xrRNA structures in the 3′-UTR of flaviviruses.
Alternative splicing events implicated in carcinogenesis and prognosis of thyroid gland cancer
Authors: Wu Zeng-Hong , Tang Yun , Zhou Yue 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS), a critical post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism, expands gene expression patterns, thereby leading to increased protein diversity. Indeed, more than 95% of human genes undergo alternative splicing events (ASEs). In this study, we drew an all-around AS profile of thyroid cancer cells based on RNA-seq data. In total, there were 45,150 AS in 10,446 thyroid cancer cell genes derived from 506 patients, suggesting that ASEs is a common process in TC. Moreover, 1819 AS signatures were found to be significantly associated with the overall survival (OS) of TC patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses suggested that seven types of ASEs were associated with poor prognosis of TC (P < 0.05). Among them, exon skipping (ES) was the most common, with alternate promoter (AP) and alternate terminator (AT) coming second and third, respectively. Our results indicated that acceptor sites (AA) (AUC: 0.937), alternate donor sites (AD) (AUC: 0.965), AT (AUC: 0.964), ES (AUC: 0.999), mutually exclusive exons (ME) (AUC: 0.999), and retained intron (RI) (AUC: 0.837) exhibited an AUC greater than 0.6. In addition, age and risk score (All) were risk factors for TC patients. We also evaluated whether TC-ASEs are regulated by various splicing factors (SFs). We found that the expression of 90 SFs was associated with 469 ASEs and OS of TC patients. Our findings provide an insight into the role of spliceosomes in TC, which may offer novel perspectives in tumor research.
Relationships between disaccharidase deficiencies, duodenal inflammation and symptom profile in children with abdominal pain
Authors: Colombo Jennifer M. , Friesen Chance S. , Garg Uttam , Friesen Craig A. , Pablo William San 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAbdominal pain has been associated with disaccharidase deficiencies. While relationships with individual symptoms have been assessed, relationships between disaccharidase deficiencies and symptom complexes or inflammation have not been evaluated in this group. The primary aims of the current study were to assess relationships between disaccharidase deficiency and symptoms or symptom complexes and duodenal inflammation, respectively. Patients with abdominal pain who underwent endoscopy with evaluation of disaccharidase activity levels were identified. After excluding all patients with inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, H. pylori, or gross endoscopic lesions, patients were evaluated for disaccharidase deficiency frequency. Disaccharidase were compared between patients with and without histologic duodenitis. Lastly, relationships between individual gastrointestinal symptoms or symptom complexes were evaluated. Lactase deficiency was found in 34.3% of patients and disaccharidase pan-deficiency in 7.6%. No individual symptoms or symptom complexes predicted disaccharidase deficiency. While duodenitis was not associated with disaccharidase deficiency, it was only present in 5.9% of patients. Disaccharidase deficiency, particularly lactase deficiency, is common in youth with abdominal pain and multiple deficiencies are not uncommon. Disaccharidase deficiency cannot be predicted by symptoms in this population. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical significance of disaccharidase deficiency.
Fish heating tolerance scales similarly across individual physiology and populations
Authors: Payne Nicholas L. , Morley Simon A. , Halsey Lewis G. , Smith James A. , Stuart-Smith Rick , Waldock Conor , Bates Amanda E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractExtrapolating patterns from individuals to populations informs climate vulnerability models, yet biological responses to warming are uncertain at both levels. Here we contrast data on the heating tolerances of fishes from laboratory experiments with abundance patterns of wild populations. We find that heating tolerances in terms of individual physiologies in the lab and abundance in the wild decline with increasing temperature at the same rate. However, at a given acclimation temperature or optimum temperature, tropical individuals and populations have broader heating tolerances than temperate ones. These congruent relationships implicate a tight coupling between physiological and demographic processes underpinning macroecological patterns, and identify vulnerability in both temperate and tropical species.
Isoginkgetin derivative IP2 enhances the adaptive immune response against tumor antigens
Authors: Darrigrand Romain , Pierson Alison , Rouillon Marine , Renko Dolor , Boulpicante Mathilde , Bouyssié David , Mouton-Barbosa Emmanuelle , Marcoux Julien , Garcia Camille , Ghosh Michael , Alami Mouad , Apcher Sébastien 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe success of cancer immunotherapy relies on the induction of an immunoprotective response targeting tumor antigens (TAs) presented on MHC-I molecules. We demonstrated that the splicing inhibitor isoginkgetin and its water-soluble and non-toxic derivative IP2 act at the production stage of the pioneer translation products (PTPs). We showed that IP2 increases PTP-derived antigen presentation in cancer cells in vitro and impairs tumor growth in vivo. IP2 action is long-lasting and dependent on the CD8+T cell response against TAs. We observed that the antigen repertoire displayed on MHC-I molecules at the surface of MCA205 fibrosarcoma is modified upon treatment with IP2. In particular, IP2 enhances the presentation of an exon-derived epitope from the tumor suppressor nischarin. The combination of IP2 with a peptide vaccine targeting the nischarin-derived epitope showed a synergistic antitumor effect in vivo. These findings identify the spliceosome as a druggable target for the development of epitope-based immunotherapies.
The Production of Complex Syntax in Spontaneous Language by 4-Year-Old Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Werfel Krystal L. , Reynolds Gabriella , Hudgins Sarah , Castaldo Marissa , Lund Emily A. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
Proficiency with complex syntax is important for language and reading comprehension, and production of complex syntax begins to emerge shortly after a young child begins using two-word combinations. Complex syntax production in preschool children with hearing loss who use spoken language has been explored minimally. The purpose of this study was to compare complex syntax production of 4-year-old children with hearing loss to age-matched and language-matched peers with normal hearing.

Method
Seventy-two children completed a language assessment battery, including a structured language sample. Complex syntax density and number and accuracy of productions of particular types of complex syntax were compared across three groups: 4-year-old children with hearing loss, an age-matched group of children with normal hearing, and an mean length of utterance (MLU)–matched group of children with normal hearing.

Results
Children with hearing loss had lower complex syntax density and fewer correct productions of coordinated clauses, subordinate clauses, and simple infinitives than their age-matched, but not language-matched, peers. Furthermore, children with hearing loss had lower accuracy than the age-matched group on simple infinitives and lower accuracy than both the age- and MLU-matched groups on full propositional complements and subject relative clauses.

Conclusion
Children with hearing loss exhibit delays in complex syntax acquisition as compared to their same-age peers and disruptions in development on some complex structures as compared to MLU-matched, younger children.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14080193
Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Speech Handicap Index: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chan Hiu Fung , Ng Manwa L. , Rosen Clark A. , Schneider Sarah L. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesThe Speech Handicap Index (SHI) is a self-reported speech-related quality of life assessment originally developed for measuring the psychosocial speech impact in patients with oral or pharyngeal cancer. This review article provides a scoping review of the literature on the validated SHI, with the purpose of identifying and documenting available studies and procedures for the cultural adaption and validation of SHI.MethodPrime databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched for journal publications reporting validation of the SHI. Reviews and reference cross-checking were performed using a priori selection criteria. A body of literature related to SHI was scoped and publication quality was categorized independently by two investigators. After applying all the screening criteria, articles that met the eligibility criteria were included in the review.ResultsThe scoping review yielded 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria presenting the SHI in eight different languages, including Dutch, U.K. English, French, Korean, Simplified Chinese (Mandarin), Lithuanian, Italian, and European Portuguese. All of them reported validity, reliability, and translation method.Discussion and ConclusionsHigh reliability and validity between various language versions of the SHI were identified. The current scoping review provides a useful summary and could be a helpful precursor to a systematic review on SHI in the future.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14082704
Is Oral Bilingualism an Advantage for Word Learning in Children With Hearing Loss?
Authors: Diego-Lázaro Beatriz de , Pittman Andrea , Restrepo María Adelaida 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine whether oral bilingualism could be an advantage for children with hearing loss when learning new words.MethodTwenty monolingual and 13 bilingual children with hearing loss were compared with each other and with 20 monolingual and 20 bilingual children with normal hearing on receptive vocabulary and on three word-learning tasks containing nonsense words in familiar (English and Spanish) and unfamiliar (Arabic) languages. We measured word learning on the day of the training and retention the next day using an auditory recognition task. Analyses of covariance were used to compare performance on the word learning tasks by language group (monolingual vs. bilingual) and hearing status (normal hearing vs. hearing loss), controlling for age and maternal education.ResultsNo significant differences were observed between monolingual and bilingual children with and without hearing loss in any of the word-learning task. Children with hearing loss performed more poorly than their hearing peers in Spanish word retention and Arabic word learning and retention.ConclusionsChildren with hearing loss who grew up being exposed to Spanish did not show higher or lower word-learning abilities than monolingual children with hearing loss exposed to English only. Therefore, oral bilingualism was neither an advantage nor a disadvantage for word learning. Hearing loss negatively affected performance in monolingual and bilingual children when learning words in languages other than English (the dominant language). Monolingual and bilingual children with hearing loss are equally at risk for word-learning difficulties and vocabulary size matters for word learning.
Performance analysis on a cooperative transmission scheme of multicast and NOMA in cache‐enabled cellular networks
Authors: Shan Yue , Zhu Qi , Wang Ying 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCaching popular contents at base stations (BSs) can effectively avoid redundant data traffic and improve backhaul capacity. Techniques such as multicast (MC) and non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can significantly improve spectral efficiency by delivering popular contents to multiple users using a single channel. Therefore, we propose a cooperative transmission scheme of MC and NOMA in cache‐enabled wireless cellular networks. First, we derive the probability mass function (PMF) of the number of channels in the MC mode as well as the joint PMF of the number of channels and number of NOMA users in the NOMA mode. Second, we analyse the successful transmission probabilities of the two modes by utilising tools from stochastic geometry. Finally, with the derived probabilities using the two modes, we obtain the total successful transmission probability based on probability theory. The quasi‐closed form expression of the successful transmission probability is obtained in a special case, where the noise is neglected, and the path‐loss exponent is set to be four. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the analysis and demonstrate the performance gain due to the proposed cooperative transmission scheme of MC and NOMA.
Time switching based, outage‐constrained, energy harvesting and energy‐efficient cooperative radio communication policy
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Bitragunta Sainath , M Aparna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, the authors consider a two‐hop cooperative radio communication system that consists of energy harvesting relays. The EH relays harvest energy from its received radio frequency signal. The EH relay nodes adopt the time‐switching protocol for simultaneous EH and information processing. For the system model, the authors propose an energy‐efficient, outage‐constrained relaying policy. In it, the EH relay that harvests maximum energy forwards the information to the destination. However, the selected EH relay transmissions are outage‐constrained. For the proposed outage‐constrained collaborative EH system model, the authors present insightful analysis. Specifically, the authors derive a single integral expression for the expectation of maximum energy harvested over frequency‐flat Rayleigh fading and shadowing channel. The authors also present an insightful link outage probability analysis and asymptotic analysis in a useful scaling regime. Besides outage analysis, the authors investigate the proposed policy's performance in terms of average spectral efficiency and average energy efficiency. To validate the analytical results, the authors conduct numerical simulations. Using the numerical plots, the authors quantify the proposed policy's link outage and energy efficiency performance gains compared with benchmark policies. The proposed outage‐constrained, green cooperative communication policy and its analysis are useful for green collaborative EH systems.
Track‐to‐track association algorithm for passive multisensor system based on trajectory parameter
Authors: Ma Mingyang , Wang Dejiang , Zhang Tao , Sun He 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAsynchronous sampling and the ghost point are significant issues in the track‐to‐track association (TTTA) for passive multisensor system. A TTTA algorithm is proposed based on a trajectory parameter to address these issues. According to advantages in which the trajectory information can represent the target motion state and will not change with the sampling time, we turn the TTTA problem into the trajectory parameter matching problem. First, a TTTA model is established by the heading angle and the target velocity. Then, an estimation of target velocity that is suitable for asynchronous sampling is modelled using trajectory parameters from different sensors. Furthermore, to avoid the ghost point in the data association, we use only the bearing measurement of a single sensor to derive the trajectory parameters. Finally, an assignment method is adopted to determine the correspondence between different tracks. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with competing algorithms.
Concurrent Inverted Papilloma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Intradural Extension Presenting with Frontal Lobe Syndrome
Authors: Jaleel Abdul , Pavithran V. M. , Cholakkal Shanavas , Kuthampulli Vineeth Kadangot 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInverted papilloma is an uncommon tumor mostly arising from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and displays a benign but locally aggressive behavior. Intracranial extension is an extremely rare presentation of inverted papilloma. Extension occurs either as a benign lesion or due to malignant transformation. We report a case of concurrent inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma presenting with epistaxis and recent-onset altered behavior and memory impairment. After literature review of similar cases having inverted papilloma with intracranial extension, we could identify a total of 12 cases, most of which were recurrences of a primary inverted papilloma that were resected before extension into the cranial cavity. Most cases were of extradural extension, and intradural spread resulted in poor prognosis on follow-up. Concurrent inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma extending into the anterior cranial fossa and frontal lobe is a very rare clinical entity and can present as frontal lobe syndrome.
Admiration for Islamist groups encourages self-sacrifice through identity fusion
Authors: Gómez Á. , Bélanger J. J. , Chinchilla J. , Vázquez A. , Schumpe B. M. , Nisa C. F. , Chiclana S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe psychological mechanisms that lead terrorists to make costly sacrifices for their ideological convictions are of great theoretical and practical importance. We investigate two key components of this process: (1) the feeling of admiration toward ingroup members making costly self-sacrifices for their ideological group, and (2) identity fusion with religion. Data collected in 27 Spanish prisons reveal that jihadists’ admiration toward members of radical Islamist groups amplifies their willingness to engage in costly sacrifices for religion in prison. This effect is produced because admiration toward radical Islamist groups has a binding effect, increasing identity fusion with religion. Five additional experiments provide causal and behavioural evidence for this model. By showing that admiration for ingroup members increases identity fusion, which in turn makes individuals prone to engage in costly pro-group behaviours, we provide insights into the emotional machineries of radicalization and open new avenues for prevention strategies to strengthen public safety.
Basque-Spanish bilingual children’s expressive and receptive grammatical abilities
Authors: Anderson Rhiannon M. , Giezen Marcel R. , Pourquié Marie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Expressive-receptive gaps in lexical abilities have been documented for bilingual children, but few studies have investigated
whether a similar gap is observed at the grammatical level. The current study assessed grammatical abilities through sentence
production and comprehension tasks in both languages in 17 Basque-Spanish simultaneous bilingual 6- through 9-year-olds (both
languages acquired before three years of age). The children scored lower in Basque than Spanish for sentence production, but
no significant differences were found for sentence comprehension. While an expressive-receptive gap was found for both
languages, this gap was larger in Basque than in Spanish. Object-verb agreement errors were especially prevalent in Basque
production, possibly because verbs in Spanish only agree with the subject. These results demonstrate that expressive-receptive
gaps are also observed in bilingual children’s grammatical abilities and may vary depending on the structural similarity
between the two languages.
Elliptical orbit constraint of a small ring under the influence of gravity and sliding friction
Authors: Wang Yuan-Sheng , Wang Jing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We investigate the constraint problem of a small ring on non-smooth elliptical orbits. The influence mechanism of the orbital shapes on the motion velocity and constraint force of the small ring are analyzed. Taking circular orbit as an example, the influence of gravity and sliding friction on the orbital motion is given, and the results are verified by kinetic energy theorem. Finally, the characteristics of the orbital motion of the small ring at different initial velocities are analyzed.