bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of high‐intensity ultrasound on the oleogelation and physical properties of high melting point monoglycerides and triglycerides oleogels
Authors: da Silva Thais Lomonaco Teodoro , Danthine Sabine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOleogels and oleogelation routes have been extensively studied in the past decade; however, the industry has not yet implemented this technique due to price, availability, and clean label. The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergism of binary oleogels structured by monoglycerides (MG) and high melting point triacylglycerols (HF) with and without high‐intensity ultrasound (HIU) according to their physical properties. MG:HF (0:6, 1:5, 2:4, 3:3, 4:2, 5:1, and 6:0) oleogels were produced by mixing at 70 °C with a stirring of 350 rpm for 5 min, followed by a cooling and storage at 20 °C for 24 hr. A 20‐kHz HIU was applied for 10s, 30s, or 10s using three pulses (10sON/10sOFF) during the cooling step via a macro tip (12.7 mm) and 50% amplitude (56 W) in the presence of few ‐crystals. Samples were evaluated according to their hardness, oil‐binding capacity (OBC), microstructure, melting behavior, viscoelasticity, and flow behavior. The best physical properties were found in the MG6:HF0 oleogel, with a hardness of 1.2 N, elasticity of 5.5 kPa, viscosity of 99 Pa⋅s and 99% OBC. These properties were reduced with the decrease of MG in the blend. The sonication did not improve the MG6:HF0, instead it affected its properties negatively. However, sonication showed a positive effect on the blends of MG and HF. The hardness was improved at least threefold and OBC around 20%, these effects were already observed using only 10s sonication. Sonocrystallization induced secondary nucleation and changed the crystalline material only in blends containing HF indicating the better effect of the sonocrystallization on oleogels in the presence of high‐melting points triacylglycerols.Practical ApplicationOleogels are a valuable alternative in food industry to replace trans and reduce saturated fatty acids content in many food products. The combination of a binary structuration and use of high‐intensity ultrasound that is a physical green technology will give the food industry information on how to improve the physical properties of oleogels without increasing the amount of oleogelators, giving a future alternative to clean label and sensory claims of oleogels applications.
Association between thiamine deficiency and hyperlactatemia among critically ill patients with diabetes infected by SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Gonçalves Sandra Elisa Adami Batista , Gonçalves Thiago José Martins , Guarnieri Andreia , Risegato Rodrigo Cristovão , Guimarães Maysa Penteado , de Freitas Daniella Cabral 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aims to verify the association between diabetes and thiamine deficiency in critically ill patients infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.MethodsThis is a descriptive cross‐sectional study, whose demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data (arterial lactate, bicarbonate, and plasma thiamine) were obtained in the first hours of admission to the intensive care unit. Patients with diabetes were compared with individuals without diabetes, and the correlation was performed between thiamine and lactate levels. Thiamine levels <28 μg/L were considered as thiamine deficiency.ResultsOverall, 270 patients met the inclusion criteria; 51.1% were men, and the median age was 74 years (66.8‐81). The median value of thiamine was 54.0 μg/L (38‐72.3), and 15.6% had thiamine deficiency. Among patients with diabetes, 26.3% had thiamine deficiency, and 69.3% had hyperlactatemia. There was an association between thiamine deficiency and diabetes (odds ratio 4.28; 95% CI, 2.08‐8.81; P < .001). There was a strong negative correlation between thiamine and arterial lactate in patients with diabetes (r = −0.711, P < .001) and a moderate negative correlation in critically ill patients without diabetes (r = −0.489, P < .001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of thiamine deficiency in critically ill patients due to coronavirus disease 2019 is higher in patients with diabetes. There is a negative correlation between thiamine and arterial lactate levels, which is higher in people with diabetes.
Teaching Corporate Governance in an MBA Class: An Academic Note*
Authors: Khemakhem Hanen , Fontaine Richard , Bégin Christian 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTCorporate governance is a new and emerging discipline in academia. The discipline of corporate governance has increased in importance, driven mostly by multiple financial scandals. These scandals have motivated regulators and the business community to require business professionals who are properly trained in various aspects of corporate governance. The problem, however, is that corporate governance covers many different subjects, such as finance, strategy, and law. This problem of multidimensionality of corporate governance is coupled with the fact that it is a field of study that has rapidly changed to keep up with changing regulations and the changing needs of the business community. These problems make the task of teaching corporate governance challenging for educators. Notwithstanding these challenges, business programs for MBA and CPA students are incorporating corporate governance into their programs. Therefore, our objective is to provide reflections on our three‐year experience of teaching corporate governance. We highlight the challenges that we experienced, such as the diversity of the clientele and the multidisciplinarity of corporate governance, and we discuss how we addressed these challenges. We also identity opportunities we used to develop our teaching approach, such as team teaching and using data from real companies. We present our reflections with the help of education frameworks that should help the community of educators if faced with challenges similar to ours.
Transition of the Chinese Economy in the Face of Deep Greenhouse Gas Emissions Cuts in the Future
Authors: Kejun Jiang , Chenmin He , Weiyi Jiang , Sha Chen , Chunyan Dai , Jia Liu , Pianpian Xiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractChina joined the Paris Agreement, and the global 2°C and 1.5°C warming targets will be supported by China. In order to achieve these targets, China's CO2 emissions need to be cut deeply by 2050. The present paper presents studies from the integrated policy assessment model for China (IPAC) team about the impact on China's economic development of deep cuts in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in order to realize the Paris climate change targets. With the requirement of deep cuts in GHG emissions in China, China's economic development will also be impacted in moving toward a low‐carbon or zero‐carbon emission‐based economy by 2050. This means the Chinese economy needs a strong transition over the next three decades, a relatively short time. All sectors in the economy need to seek ways to reduce GHG emissions, and this could change activities, industry processes and technologies in order to make the deep cuts in GHG emissions happen. This is the meaning of the economic transition toward to a low‐carbon economy. The findings of the present paper include: a significant transition in the energy supply sector; a high rate of electrification in all end‐use sectors; and a technology transition in the transport sector. Transitions will also occur in the traditional industrial sectors, including steel making, cement manufacture, and the chemical sector. The availability of low‐cost renewable energy could change the allocation of industries, which could potentially have a strong impact on regional economic development. Deep cuts in CO2 emissions in China need not be a burden for economic development, as the IPAC results show there will be a more than 1.5% increase of gross domestic product by 2050 in the deep cut scenario compared with the baseline scenario.
Identification of new genes and quantitative trait locis associated with growth curve parameters in F2 chicken population using genome‐wide association study
Authors: Seifi Moroudi R. , Ansari Mahyari S. , Vaez Torshizi R. , Lanjanian H. , Masoudi‐Nejad A. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe markers which are correlated with the growth curve parameters help in understanding the characteristics of individual growth during the rearing of livestock. This study aimed to identify a set of biomarkers through a GWAS for growth curve parameters in crossbred chickens using the Illumnia 60K chicken SNP Beadchip. Growth data were collected from a total of 301 birds from cross of a broiler line and native chickens. Using the Gompertz–Laird model, two growth curve parameters, the instantaneous growth rate per day (L) and the coefficient of relative growth or maturing index (k), were estimated. The L and k were used to estimate five derived parameters, namely asymptotic (mature) body weight, body weight at inflection point, age at the inflection point, average growth rate and maximum growth rate. These parameters were considered as phenotypic values in the GWAS based on generalized linear models. The results of the GWAS indicated 21 significant markers, which were located near or within 46 genes. A number of these genes, such as GH, RET, GRB14, FTSJ3 and CCK, are important for growth and meat quality in chickens, and some of them are growth related in other species such as sheep and cattle (GPI, XIRP2, GALNTL6, BMS1, THSD4, TRHDE, SHISA9, ACSL6 and DYNC1LI2). The other genes are associated with developmental biological pathways. These genes are particuarly related to body weight, average daily gain and growth QTL. The results of this study can shed light on the genetic mechanism of biological functions of growth factors in broiler chickens, which is useful for developing management practices and accelerating genetic progress in breeding programs.
Demand for animal‐derived food in selected Asian countries: A system‐wide analysis
Authors: Rathnayaka Shashika D. , Selvanathan Saroja , Selvanathan E. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFood consumption patterns in Asia show a trend away from staples toward high protein food derived from animal and dairy products, fruit and vegetables, fats and oils. Such changes in food consumption patterns are due to rising incomes, urbanization, globalization, and modernization of marketing infrastructure. In this article, we analyze the demand for the animal‐derived food group comprising meat (chicken, beef, pork, and mutton), eggs and fish, and derive income and price elasticities in seven Asian countries using the system‐wide approach. Demand homogeneity and Slutsky symmetry properties were tested and found to be compatible with the data. Our findings reveal that animal‐derived food as a group is a necessity (except in Taiwan) and its demand is price inelastic (except in Taiwan and Sri Lanka). The implied unconditional demand elasticities reveal that, in all countries (except beef in Japan and Taiwan), chicken, beef, pork, mutton, eggs and fish (except in Taiwan) are all necessities and the demand for all types of animal‐derived food in all seven countries are mostly price inelastic. The cross‐price elasticity estimates are mostly found to be positive, meaning that there is a higher degree of substitutability between chicken, beef, pork, mutton, eggs, and fish.
Regional anaesthesia for labour, operative vaginal delivery and caesarean delivery: a narrative review
Authors: Sultan P. , Sultan E. , Carvalho B. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThis narrative review discusses recent evidence surrounding the use of regional anaesthesia in the obstetric setting, including intrapartum techniques for labour and operative vaginal delivery, and caesarean delivery. Pudendal nerve blockade, ideally administered by an obstetrician, should be considered for operative vaginal delivery if neuraxial analgesia is contraindicated. Regional techniques are increasingly utilised in clinical practice for caesarean delivery to minimise opioid consumption, reduce pain, improve postpartum recovery and facilitate earlier discharge as part of enhanced recovery protocols. The evidence surrounding transversus abdominis plane and quadratus lumborum blockade supports their use when: long‐acting neuraxial opioids cannot be administered due to contraindications; if emergency delivery necessitates general anaesthesia; or as a postoperative rescue technique. Current data suggest quadratus lumborum blockade is no more effective than transversus abdominis plane blockade after caesarean delivery. Transversus abdominis plane blockade, wound catheter insertion and single shot wound infiltration are all effective techniques for reducing postoperative opioid consumption, with transversus abdominis plane blockade favoured, followed by wound catheters and then wound infiltration. Ilio‐inguinal and iliohypogastric, erector spinae plane and rectus sheath blockade all require further studies to determine their efficacy for caesarean delivery in the presence or absence of long‐acting neuraxial opioids. Future studies are needed to: compare approaches for individual techniques; determine which combinations of techniques and dosing regimens result in optimal analgesic and recovery outcomes following delivery; and elucidate the populations that benefit most from regional anaesthesia in the obstetric setting.
The quality of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses assessing the treatment and management of male infertility
Authors: Bhambhvani Hriday P. , Greenberg Daniel R. , Eisenberg Michael L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundMale factor infertility (MFI) is a common medical condition which requires high‐quality research to guide clinical practice; however, systematic reviews (SRs) and meta‐analyses (MAs) often vary in quality, raising concerns regarding the validity of their results. We sought to perform an objective analysis of SRs and MAs in MFI treatment and management and to report on the quality of published literature.MethodsA comprehensive search in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase was used to identify relevant publications. Primary search terms were male infertility, male sterility, and male subfertility. Two authors independently performed searches, screened citations for eligibility, extracted data for analysis, and graded methodological quality using the validated AMSTAR (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) instrument, a validated tool used in the critical appraisal of SRs/MAs.ResultsOf 27 publications met inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Mean AMSTAR score (± SD) among all publications was 7.4 (1.9) out of 11, reflecting “fair to good” quality. Non‐pharmacological medical treatment for MFI was the most commonly assessed intervention (n = 13, 48.1%). No publications met all AMSTAR criteria. While the number of SRs/MAs has increased over time (P = 0.037), the quality of publications has not significantly changed (P = 0.72). SRs/MAs of the Cochrane Library had higher AMSTAR score than non‐Cochrane SRs/MAs (8.5 vs 6.3, P = 0.002).ConclusionsThe methodological quality of SRs/MAs should be assessed to ensure high‐quality evidence for clinical practice guidelines in MFI treatment and management. This review highlights a need for increased effort to publish high‐quality studies in MFI treatment and management.
Adrenocortical tumours in children: a review of surgical management at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Ardicli Burak , User Idil R. , Ciftci Arbay O. , Akyuz Canan , Kutluk Mustafa T. , Yalcin Bilgehan , Gonc Nazli , Ozon Zeynep A. , Alikasifoglu Ayfer , Oguz Berna , Haliloglu Mithat , Orhan Diclehan , Tanyel Feridun C. , Karnak Ibrahim , Ekinci Saniye 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdrenocortical tumours (ACT) are rare tumours of childhood usually presenting with endocrine dysfunction. This retrospective study is designed to review our institutional experience in surgical management.MethodsRecords of children treated for ACT between 1999 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsThe median age of 24 children was 78 months. Fourteen patients had adrenocortical carcinoma, nine had adrenocortical adenoma and one had neuroendocrine differentiation of ACT. Endocrine dysfunction was noted in 79% of the patients. Five patients had preoperative chemotherapy but none had a decrease in tumour size. Transabdominal approach was used in all but two patients who had thoracoabdominal incision for excision of giant tumours and ipsilateral lung metastases. Two patients had visceral excision to achieve R0 resection. Five patients, four of whom had spillage and one with partial resection died of widespread disease. Two patients with stage 4 adrenocortical carcinoma are still on chemotherapy. All patients with stage I–III disease who had total excision without spillage (n = 17) are disease‐free for 2–170 months.ConclusionsOur results show the importance of excision in ACT without spillage for survival. However, multicentre prospective studies should enhance the knowledge of children about ACT and develop alternative therapies for stage III and IV cases.
The role of Pap smear in the diagnostics of endocervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pulkkinen Johanna , Huhtala Heini , Kholová Ivana 
Published: January 2021

In the high‐income countries, the amount of cervical adenocarcinomas is on the rise. The pap smear sampling has a low sensitivity and a low specificity for endocervical malignancies, and there are only a few cytomorphological features, that are specifically associated with glandular atypia. In this study, 298 pap smears of 60 patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and 30 patients with high‐grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in histology were reviewed. The pap smear type (screening/clinical), the HPV status and the time from sampling to the histological confirmation of diagnosis were recorded for each case. Despite that no cytomorphological features could be associated with adenocarcinoma statistically, 70% of the pap smears were initially correctly diagnosed as an endocervical glandular lesion. Palisading cell borders, nuclear pleomorphism and the lack of single atypical cells present simultaneously were found to be associated with adenocarcinoma and AIS with the corresponding ORs of 5.89 (95% CI 1.96–17.70), 3.71 (95% CI 1.14–12.02) and 10.76 (95% CI 1.20–59.50). This combination of features was seen in smears taken up to 5 years before the histological diagnosis. Of all our screening samples, 10.9% were HPV‐positive. There were no HPV‐negative samples among patients with adenocarcinoma.
Successful treatment of a potentially fatal eastern brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis) envenomation in a dog with tiger‐brown snake antivenom with serial quantification of venom antigen and antivenom concentrations in serum and urine
Authors: Grose V , Padula AM , Leister EM 
Published: January 2021

Case reportA successfully treated case of eastern brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis) envenomation in a Jack Russel Terrier dog is described with measurement of venom and antivenom concentration pre‐ and post‐treatment. Early presentation, prompt administration of tiger‐brown snake antivenom, hospitalisation and critical care monitoring lead to low morbidity and rapid recovery from a potentially fatal envenomation. Retrospective measurement of urine and serum venom and antivenom provided insight into the potential severity of the case and rapid efficacy of antivenom.Clinical significancePotentially fatal brown snakebite cases may initially present with only mild clinical signs despite having high concentrations of venom and potential for fatal outcome. Prompt treatment with antivenom is essential to prevent the development of progressive and fatal coagulopathy and paralysis.
A new Keynesian model with unemployment: The effect of on‐the‐job search
Authors: Kantur Zeynep , Keskin Kerim 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough new Keynesian models with labor market frictions report an increase in unemployment and a decrease in labor market tightness in response to a positive technology shock, which appears to be in line with recent empirical findings, the volatilities of these variables are not as high as their empirical counterparts. This calls for the introduction of new modeling tools to amplify the volatilities of the unemployment rate and labor market tightness. Along this line, this paper contributes to the theoretical literature by studying the effect of employment‐to‐employment flow in a new Keynesian model with labor market frictions. We consider two types of firms that offer different wage levels, which incentivize low‐paid agents to search on the job. Differently from the existing literature, the main source of wage dispersion is the difference between firms' bargaining powers. The proposed model generates a higher volatility of unemployment and labor market tightness in response to a positive technology shock compared to the model without on‐the‐job search, without causing a significant change in the responses of other variables.
Are central banks to blame? Monetary policy and bank lending behavior
Authors: Michail Nektarios A. , Savva Christos S. , Koursaros Demetris 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper tests the conjecture that easy money policies of central banks, that is setting low rates for long, are responsible for the excess risk‐taking behavior that led to the global financial crisis. If the conjecture holds then policy rate shocks should have persistent effects on bank behavior either through the bank lending or the risk‐taking channel. Using data for the period prior to the global financial crisis, and a shock persistence methodology, we find that the policy rate has only limited idiosyncratic effects on bank lending growth and no effect on credit risk.
Households saving and financial spillovers in the Euro area
Authors: Badarau Cristina , Huart Florence , Sangaré Ibrahima 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the consequences of a preference shock resulting in an increase in household savings in one country of a monetary union such as the Euro area. We study the macroeconomic effects of such a shock by developing a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model which describes a two‐country monetary union open to the rest of the world. A key feature of the model deals with one specific dimension of financial integration, namely cross‐border bank holdings of government bonds. We show that a negative preference shock in one country can have salient spillover effects on the rest of the union. Spillovers come not only from the financial markets opening‐up, but also from the intensity of intra‐union trade, and the response of macroeconomic (monetary and fiscal) policies.
ZHX3 promotes the progression of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder via repressing of RGS2 and is a novel substrate of TRIM21
Authors: Deng Minhua , Wei Wensu , Duan Jinling , Chen Rixin , Wang Ning , He Leye , Peng Yulu , Ma Xiaodan , Wu Zeshen , Liu Jianye , Li Zhiyong , Zhang Zhiling , Jiang Lijuan , Zhou Fangjian , Xie Dan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractClinically, patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) with tumor metastasis are incurable. To find new therapeutic strategies, the mechanisms underlying UCB invasion and metastasis should be further investigated. In this study, zinc finger and homeobox 3 (ZHX3) was first screened as a critical oncogenic factor associated with poor prognosis in a UCB dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). These results were also confirmed in a large cohort of clinical UCB clinical samples. Next, we found that ZHX3 could promote the migration and invasion capacities of UCB cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, coimmunoprecipitation (coIP) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis indicated that ZHX3 was a target of tripartite motif 21 (TRIM21), which mediates its ubiquitination, and subsequent degradation. Notably, RNA‐seq analysis showed that ZHX3 repressed the expression of regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2). Generally, our results suggest that ZHX3 plays an oncogenic role in UCB pathogenesis and might serve as a novel therapeutic target for UCB.