bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the features of the use of three-component vegetable and fruit paste in marmalade technology
Authors: Samokhvalova Olga , Cherevko Oleksander , Dmytrevskyi Dmytro , Budnyk Nina , Fomina Iryna , Gurskyi Petro , Sova Nataliia , Koshulko Vitalii , Tesliuk Yuliia , Kolianovska Liudmyla 
Published: December 2024

The object of the study is the technology of marmalade based on pumpkin, apple and dogwood paste.
The development of a vegetable and fruit paste allows to solve the issue of marmalade structure formation, provide high organoleptic quality indicators, without the use of dyes and essences, enrich the chemical composition of products and give functional properties.
Due to the use of short-term low-temperature concentration and a well-founded recipe (pumpkin 50 %, apple 35 %, dogwood 15 %). The paste contains a significant amount of functional ingredients, which is confirmed by the study of its chemical composition. The paste has a dynamic viscosity of 280 Pa∙s, a high content of non-starch polysaccharides of 3.89±0.11 g, vitamin C of 1.89±0.05 mg, β-carotene 21.13±0.60. For optimal management of the concentration process (55…65 °C), an effective viscosity is set in the range of 5…35 Paּ∙s.
The improved method of producing marmalade based on pumpkin, apple and dogwood paste is characterized by increased quality. The marmalade mass at a temperature of 80…82 °C before gelatinization has a viscosity 24 % higher than the control. The developed marmalade has a pleasant ruby color and a lingering consistency. The content of non-starch polysaccharides, mainly pectin substances and vitamin C increases almost twice. The new marmalade is characterized by the presence of vitamins A, C, E and β-carotene. The number of macro- and microelements increases significantly compared to the control sample. According to the content of non-starch polysaccharides, vitamin A, β-carotene and potassium, marmalade based on vegetable and fruit paste can be classified as functional, since the percentage of provision of these substances per day exceeds 10 %. The method of marmalade production can be implemented at confectionery enterprises
Hardware design for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) based on metaheuristic algorithm in photovoltaic (PV) systems
Authors: Darjat Darjat , Bima Satria Arya , Evangelista Hieronimus Emilianus , Winardi Bambang , Zahra Ajub Ajulian , Tahir Nooritawati Md 
Published: December 2024

PSO and ABC algorithms with Arduino microcontrollers are focused on developing efficient solutions for control systems, energy optimization, and signal processing. These algorithms are generally for platforms with large resources, making them difficult to implement directly on Arduino. Adjustments are needed so that the algorithm can work efficiently without sacrificing the quality of the results. Both are implemented for partially shaded conditions in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The MPPT hardware development method with this meta algorithm can be a solution in dealing with the constraints of partially shaded disturbances. Meanwhile, other studies of the two concepts of the PSO and ABC algorithms have also been developed through software simulations for both MPPT applications and other fields. Evaluation criteria and methods for optimizing MPPT performance have been proposed by implementing a DC-DC Boost Converter. Testing was conducted with a PV with of 47.6 V and Isc of 11.6 A under two conditions to assess the performance of the PSO and ABC. The test resulted in the average power generated by the system with PSO algorithm on three unshaded PV with irradiation of 801 W/m² and a temperature of 84.5 °C with load variations of 50 Ω, 100 Ω, 200 Ω, and 400 Ω was 49.06 W, while the irradiation on one shaded PV at 198 W/m² resulted in an average power of 46.13 W. The system using the ABC algorithm on three unshaded PV generated an average power of 48.35 W, and with irradiation on one shaded solar panel at 198 W/m², it generated an average power of 45.03 W. Overall, the study demonstrates that both PSO and ABC algorithms effectively improve power generation in partially shaded conditions, with PSO showing better performance. These findings suggest that implementing these algorithms can enhance the efficiency of PV systems in practical applications
Substantiating technological factors for preparing fermented milk-containing products with a combined composition of raw materials with a long storage period
Authors: Andreus Svitlana , Romanchuk Iryna , Rudakova Tetіana , Narizhnyy Sergiy 
Published: December 2024

This paper substantiates and defines the technological parameters for obtaining stable emulsions when making fermented milk-containing products. The object of research was the modes of mechanical and heat treatment of mixtures with a combined composition of raw materials based on dairy and vegetable fats. The task to be solved was to obtain stable emulsions by two-stage homogenization of the cream-vegetable mixture and the heat treatment temperature of the fermented cream-vegetable mixture with a combined composition of raw materials with a fat content of 10 % and 15 %. It is shown that during the homogenization of a cream-vegetable mixture with a mass fraction of fat of 10 %, the pressure in the first stage should be 10.0–12.0 MPa, in the second – 2.5–3.0 MPa; for a cream-vegetable mixture with a mass fraction of fat of 15 %, the pressure in the first stage is 8.0–10.0 MPa, in the second – 2.5–3.0 MPa. Modes of thermomechanical processing of the fermented cream-vegetable mixture at temperatures of 65±2 and 70±2 °C to ensure the microbiological stability of the milk-containing product during storage have been substantiated. A stabilizing system based on milk proteins has been selected. It was established that in order to improve the consistency, increase heat resistance, and avoid foaming of the finished product, it is necessary to perform thermomechanical processing of the fermented cream-vegetable mixture with a fat content of 10 % and 15 % at temperatures of 70±2 °С and 65±2 °С, respectively, and mass fraction stabilizer – 0.5 % and 0.15 %, respectively. The research data do not always coincide with previously established patterns, which is due to the difference in the chemical composition of the studied food systems, as well as the methods of their preparation and use. The results of the work could be used in the technology of milk-containing products with a combined fat composition
Determining patterns of lactose hydrolysis in liquid concentrates of demineralized whey
Authors: Mykhalevych Artur , Moiseyeva Lydmila , Polishchuk Galyna , Bandura Uliana 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study was the process of milk sugar hydrolysis in liquid whey concentrates. The problem solved was the intensification of the lactose hydrolysis reaction in liquid whey concentrates through the use of a combination of leavening and enzyme preparations. Patterns in the lactose hydrolysis process in liquid concentrates of demineralized whey were studied.
It was established that the use of an enzyme preparation for liquid whey concentrates does not make it possible to achieve a degree of lactose hydrolysis higher than 75–77 % within 10 h. The simultaneous use of enzyme and leavening preparations for 6 hours ensures the conversion of more than 95 % of lactose for concentrates with a mass fraction of dry substances of 10–30 % and more than 90 % for a 40 % concentrate. The rational duration of lactose hydrolysis in demineralized whey concentrates for the combination of preparations is 6 hours for 10 and 20 % concentrates, and 8 h for 30 and 40 % concentrates, which enables lactose hydrolysis at the level of 96.8–100 %. The rheological properties of concentrates with a solids content of 30 and 40 % indicate that these systems have a high ability to restore the structure.
The dynamics of monosaccharide formation during hydrolysis are similar for 10 and 20 % concentrates, in which galactose slightly predominates the systems. Data on the increase in glucose content in fermented 30 and 40 % concentrates contradict the known data regarding the consumption of glucose by the acidophilic bacillus and its conversion to galactose. This may indicate suppression of the activity of the acidophilic bacillus under conditions of increased osmotic pressure in the concentrates.
The results of the work could be used in the technology of whey ice cream, as well as dairy products that require adjustment of the chemical composition, primarily in terms of protein and lactose content
Structural improvement of a mobile device for pre-heated treatment of vegetable raw materials
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Voronenko Iryna , Chuiko Lyudmila , Tytarenko Nataliia , Ibaiev Eldar , Solomon Alla , Skoromna Oksana , Prykhodko Maksym 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the heat treatment of multicomponent masses, for example, Jerusalem artichoke, pumpkin, and black chokeberry, during thickening and drying in an improved mobile functional apparatus for preliminary heat operations. The engineering solution is aimed at the implementation of resource-saving preliminary thermal operations of plant raw materials on mobile functional equipment. The structural difference of the device for the preliminary heat treatment of plant raw materials is the presence of a mobile platform with a carousel arrangement of rolling containers with changeable working elements. The device provides simultaneous implementation of thermal operations in three functional containers. The vacuum compartment and the steam generator with flexible technical lines are connected to functional tanks equipped with bubbler disks to improve heat transfer. The central platform has a microprocessor-based automatic control unit and a spring mechanism for lifting the cover equipped with Peltier elements for secondary heat conversion. The tanks are heated by a film resistive electric heater. Peltier elements are mounted on the inner surface of the cover to convert secondary heat for autonomous operation of the fan. For preliminary heat treatment of liquid media, the functional container is additionally equipped with a stirrer with a heated surface (the usable area of the thermal surface is 0.28 m2).
The duration of reaching a stationary temperature regime (50 °С) of the multicomponent mass (Jerusalem artichoke – 50 %, pumpkin – 40 %, and chokeberry – 10 %) in a mobile device is 31.4 % less than in a classic design. The duration of the drying process in the functional device is 40 minutes, and in the conventional KVM-150 device – 60 minutes. A 1.8-fold decrease in the specific metal capacity was established. Total heat losses are reduced by 1.24 times, and the usable heating surface is increased by 1.3 times
Creation of a distributed energy system for the production of thermal and electric energy
Authors: Rustamov Nassim , Berkimbayev Kamalbek , Abdikulova Zagipa , Meirbekova Oxana , Issabekov Zhanibek , Babakhan Shokhrukh , Rakhmetova Perizat 
Published: December 2024

The object of the study is the distributed generation (DG) system for remote areas where extending power lines is challenging or impossible. The study demonstrates how integrating electrical and thermal energy modules based on renewable energy sources (RES) into a common DG bus can ensure continuous energy supply. This approach provides both heat and electricity to consumers, independent of weather conditions an advantage over traditional systems reliant on variable sources like wind and solar energy. Numerical assessments suggest that the proposed system can improve local renewable resource utilization by approximately 20–30 % compared to single-source renewable setups. This enhanced efficiency results in a more stable power output, with fewer interruptions caused by low wind speeds or reduced solar irradiance. Economically, reducing dependence on diesel generators by about 15–25 % can translate into substantial fuel cost savings. In addition, shifting energy production away from non-renewable sources may cut greenhouse gas emissions by an estimated 10–20 %, contributing to environmental protection targets. In this research received lies in its solution for off-grid energy delivery in rural areas, which generally rely on expensive and frequently unreliable centralized energy infrastructure. By leveraging renewable energy sources and implementing a cogenerative DG system, the study significantly reduces reliance on traditional energy grids and enhances energy independence for remote facilities. The research highlights the practical value of the proposed solution, particularly for rural areas far from power lines and with limited access to traditional electricity systems. The suggested system not only provides continuous energy, but it also coincides with worldwide trends toward sustainable and decentralized energy solutions
Efektifitas Pupuk Organik Cair Bio Sugih dan Nutrisi AB Mix Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi Pagoda (Brassica narinosa L.) Secara Floating Hydroponic System
Authors: Muris Syakilla Aidilia , Hayati Mardhiah , Nurhayati Nurhayati 
Published: December 2024

Peningkatan hasil tanaman sawi pagoda dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan POC Bio Sugih dan nutrisi AB Mix dengan hidroponik rakit apung (Floating Hydroponic System). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi POC Bio Sugih dan nutrisi AB Mix terbaik serta interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi pagoda secara hidroponik rakit apung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Dinas Pangan Aceh, Naungan Pekarangan Edukasi Pangan dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung dari bulan Januari sampai Maret 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 3x3 dengan 3 ulangan dan 2 faktor yang diteliti yaitu konsentrasi POC Bio Sugih 3 taraf (3,6, 9ml L-1air) dan AB Mix 3 taraf (0, 7 dan 14mlL-1air). Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi pagoda cenderung lebih baikdijumpaipada perlakuan konsentrasi POC BioSugih 3 ml L-1air. Konsentrasi AB Mix berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun pada umur 2, 3, 4 dan 5 MSPT, panjang daun, lebar daun, panjang akar dan bobot berangkasan basah tanaman. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi pagoda terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan konsentrasi AB Mix 7 ml L-1air. Interaksi antaraPOC BioSugih dan AB Mixberpengaruhnyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 2 MSPT. Pertumbuhan tanamna sawi pagoda terbaik terdapat pada kombinasiantarakonsentrasi POC Bio Sugih 3ml L-1air dengan konsentrasi AB Mix7ml L-1air.
Efektivitas Pemberian Jenis dan Konsentrasi Stimulan Organik terhadap Produksi Getah Pinus (Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vriese) di PT Tusam Hutani Lestari, Aceh Tengah
Authors: Hayati Mardhiah , Misliani Rika , Yanti Lola Adres 
Published: December 2024

Pinus produk utamanya adalah getah pinus yang memiliki nilai jual sangat tinggi di pasaran. Pemberian jenis dan konsentrasi stimulan organik merupakan faktor pendukung dalam meningkatkan hasil produksi getah pinus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jenis dan konsentrasi stimulan serta interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut terhadap produksi getah pinus di PT Tusam Hutani Lestari, Aceh Tengah. Dilaksanakan di Hutan Tanaman Industri lahan milik PT Tusam Hutani Lestari pada Desa Kute Rayang, Kecamatan Linge, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dari 11 Juni–12 Agustus 2023. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 3x3 dengan dua faktor yang diteliti yaitu jenis stimulan dan konsentrasi stimulan organik. Faktor pertama terdiri dari tiga jenis yaitu larutan jahe, larutan lengkuas dan larutan jeruk nipis. Sedangkan faktor kedua terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu konsentrasi stimulan organk 50%, 75% dan 100% dengan pembanding anorganik yaitu aquadest, larutan asam sulfat, dan asam nitrat (6:1:1). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa produksi dan produktivitas getah pinus pada penggunaan larutan organik lebih tinggi larutan lengkuas namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan larutan jeruk nipis yaitu pada lengkuas memiliki rerata produksi per panen sebesar 115,06g/koakan/20 hari, produktivitas per hektar sebesar 5,75kg/ha/panen sedangkan pada penggunaan larutan jeruk nipis memiliki rerata produksi per panen sebesar 103,46g/koakan/20 hari, produktivitas per hektar sebesar 5,17kg/ha/panen. Pemberian konsentrasi stimulan 50%, 75% dan 100% menghasilkan produksi getah pinus yang tidak berbeda nyata. Konsentrasi stimulan yang cenderung lebih baik pada konsentrasi 100% namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan 50%.
Pengaruh Jumlah Air dan Biochar Kelapa Muda terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.) pada Ultisol
Authors: Putri Nabila Syavira , Manfarizah Manfarizah , Darusman Darusman 
Published: December 2024

Abstrak. Ultisol merupakan salah satu jenis tanah bermasalah bersifat masam, yang banyak diusahakan untuk areal pertanian. Kendala sifat fisika dan kimia Ultisol yang kurang baik, diantaranya daya pegang air rendah, tekstur lempung berliat, struktur kurang mantap dan permeabilitas makin kebawah makin rendah. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas tanah Ultisol yaitu dengan menambahkan bahan pembenah tanah. Bahan pembenah tanah merupakan bahan yang dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat pemulihan atau perbaikan kualitas tanah. Salah satu bahan pembenah tanah yang dapat digunakan yaitu biochar. Aplikasi biochar ke dalam tanah memiliki banyak manfaat seperti pengaruhnya terhadap sifat fisika (meningkatkan porositas, kapasitas memegang air, agregasi tanah), kimia (meningkatkan pH, kapasitas tukar kation, karbon organik tanah, retensi dan ketersediaan hara), dan biologi tanah (mikroba dan cacing tanah). Perbaikan sifat tanah tersebut kemudian berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial 3 x 3 perlakan dan 3 ulangan. Adapun perlakuannya yaitu J1 : 100% KL, J2 : 90% KL, J3 : 80% KL, B0 : 0 ton ha-1 Biochar, B1 : 20 ton ha-1 Biochar, B2 : 30 ton ha-1 Biochar.The Effect of the Amount of Water and Young Coconut Waste Biochar on theGrowth and Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.) in UltisolAbstract. Ultisol is a type of acidic problematic soil, which is widely cultivated for agricultural areas. The obstacles to Ultisol's poor physical and chemical properties include low water holding capacity, clayey texture, less stable structure and lower permeability. One effort to improve the quality of Ultisol soil is by adding soil amendments. Soil amendments are materials that can be used to accelerate recovery or improve soil quality. One soil amendment that can be used is biochar. The application of biochar to soil has many benefits such as its effect on physical properties (increasing porosity, water holding capacity, soil aggregation), chemistry (increasing pH, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon, nutrient retention and availability), and soil biology (microbes and earthworms). Improvements in soil properties then affect plant growth and production. The method used in this research was a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) 3 x 3 trials and 3 replications. The treatments are J1 : 100% KL, J2 : 90% KL, J3 : 80% KL, B0 : 0 tons ha-1 Biochar, B1 : 20 tons ha-1 Biochar, B2 : 30 tons ha-1 Biochar.
Kajian Bobot Isi dan Permeabilitas Tanah Dengan dan Tanpa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Kecamatan Kaway XVI Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Yendani Dek , Ilyas Ilyas , Arabia Teti 
Published: December 2024

Abstrak, Kabupaten Aceh Barat merupakan salah satu pusat produksi kelapa sawit di Provinsi Aceh, baik melalui perkebunan swadaya maupun perkebunan besar. Tandan kosong kelapa sawit, yang merupakan limbah padat dari industri ini, dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembenah tanah, mulsa, dan sumber nutrisi bagi tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bobot isi dan permeabilitas tanah dengan dan tanpa tandan kosong kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kaway XVI. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei deskriptif kuantitatif, diikuti analisis laboratorium untuk mengukur bobot isi dan permeabilitas tanah. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot isi tanah sebesar 1,3 g.cm-³ tergolong kategori tinggi, dan permeabilitas tanah sebesar 2,16 cm.jam-1 tergolong kategori sedang. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan terhadap sifat fisika tanah akibat penggunaan mulsa organik dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit.Study of Bulk Density and Soil Permeability With and Without Empty Palm Lots in Palm Oil Plantations Kaway XVI District, West Aceh DistrictAbstract. West Aceh Regency is one of the centers of palm oil production in Aceh Province, both through independent plantations and large plantations. Empty oil palm bunches, which are solid waste from this industry, can be used as soil conditioner, mulch, and a source of nutrition for oil palm plants. This research aims to study the bulk density and permeability of soil with and without empty palm oil bunches in Kaway XVI District. The method used is a quantitative descriptive survey, followed by laboratory analysis to measure soil bulk density and soil permeability. The research results show that the soil bulk density of 1.3 g.cm-³ is in the high category, and the permeability of 2.16 cm.hour-1 is in the medium category. No significant differences were found in soil physical properties due to the use of organic mulch from empty palm oil bunches.
Preoperative prevalence of magnitude and type of anterior corneal astigmatism in cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification in a teaching hospital in Kolkata, India: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Mitra Ayan , Manna Payal , Sarkar Chiranjib 
Published: December 2024

To determine the magnitude and type of preoperative astigmatism in cataract patients and to find any relationship with their demographic profiles. It is a retrospective observational study. Records of patients who underwent phacoemulsification in KPC Medical College from July 2021 to June 2023 were screened for demographic profile, keratometryand astigmatism with its axis. Patients who had any major ocular surface disorder or corneal pathology or lid tumors or who underwent other ocular surgery prior was not included in this study. Name of the patients were not collected to maintain confidentiality and safeguard the interest of the patients.Data was collected on Microsoft Excel and was analyzed by SPSS software.536 eyes of 524 patients were studied after considering all the excluding criteria. Mean age of the patients was 65.14 with range of 37 to 92. There were 252 males and 282 females. The mean residual astigmatism was 0.83 Dioptre (D).31 patients had no astigmatism. 341 patients (63.62%) have astigmatism less than 1D whereas 164 patients (30.6%) had 1D or more astigmatism. ATR had the highest prevalence (44.95%) followed by OA (32.67%) and WTR (22.97%)In this study we found 63.62% patients had corneal astigmatism less than 1.00 D which would need some keratorefractive correction (like on axis phaco or LRI) suited for a developing country like us and 30.6% patients had corneal astigmatism more than 1.00 D which would warrant use of toric lenses. Prevalence of ATR was highest in all age groups except 60-69 years.