bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-medication practice and contributing factors among pregnant women
Authors: Niriayo Yirga Legesse , Mohammed Kadra , Asgedom Solomon Weldegebreal , Demoz Gebre Teklemariam , Wahdey Shishay , Gidey Kidu 
Published: May 2021

Background
The practice of self-medication during pregnancy is a global challenge that necessitates high attention as it poses a potential threat to the pregnant mother and fetus. However, little is known regarding self-medication practice and its contributors among pregnant women in our setting.

Objective
The main aim of this study was to investigate the practice of self-medication and its contributing factors among pregnant women

Methodology
A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women at antenatal care follow-up of Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before interview. Simple random sampling technique was employed to recruit participants in to the study. Data were collected by interviewing participants using the structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regressions analysis was performed to determine the contributing factors of self-medication practice during pregnancy. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results
A total of 250 pregnant women were included in the study. Of the total, 40.8% practiced self-medication during the current pregnancy. Morning sickness (39.2%), headache (34.3%), and upper respiratory tract infections (29.4%) were the leading indications for self-medication. According to participant report, ease of access to medicines (25.5%), feelings that the disease is minor (21.6%) and timesaving (19.6%) were the most commonly reported reasons for self-medication practice. Absence of health insurance (AOR: 2.75, 95%CI: 1.29–5.89) and being on first trimester of pregnancy (AOR: 2.44, 95%CI: 1.02–5.86) were significant contributors of self-medication practice among pregnant women.

Conclusion
In our study, high prevalence of self-medication was reported among pregnant women. Self-medication practice during pregnancy was higher among pregnant women on first trimester and those who were not having health insurance. Therefore, intervention programs should be designed to minimize the practice of self-medication during pregnancy.
Registered nurses’ perceptions on the factors affecting nursing shortage in the Republic of Vanuatu Hospitals: A qualitative study
Authors: Tamata Adel Tutuo , Mohammadnezhad Masoud , Tamani Ledua 
Published: May 2021

Background
Registered nurse has a vital role in delivering healthcare services to individual, family and community. One of the main challenges that health system facing globally is the shortage of nursing workforce. Vanuatu as a Pacific county is also facing the shortage issue and the impact on the registered nurses’ performance.

Methods
A qualitative study was used to collect data from 25 registered nurses in three randomly selected hospitals in Vanuatu between 4th to 14th September, 2020. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire was used to collect data using face-to-face in-depth interviews. The data were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis process.

Results
Four themes were identified including; Difficult working conditions, Reinforcing factors and Perceived risks. Sub themes for difficult working condition were heavy workload, lack of workforce and unusual working hours. Sub themes for reinforcing factors were lack of support, lack of opportunities and advancement in nursing practice. Sub themes for perceived risks were stress, physical and mental risk, and social and family risks.

Conclusion
This study has identify factors affected shortage of current nursing workforce and the impact it has on registered nurses. Broad themes and sub-themes were identified which highlighted the impact of nursing shortage to registered nurses and the effects on their performance which includes stress or moral distress from work overload and lengthy hours shift which impact the nurses’ physical, psychological, social, and family relationship, and lack of leadership support. The findings can be helpful to policy makers at the decision-making level to resolve the nursing workforce shortage and its effects in the future by refining and developing relevant policies that will address and strengthen the nursing workforce to meet the demand and improve delivery of quality health services to all individual.
Temperament, character and decision-making characteristics of patients with major depressive disorder following a suicide attempt
Authors: Hegedűs Klára M. , Gál Bernadett I. , Szkaliczki Andrea , Andó Bálint , Janka Zoltán , Álmos Péter Z. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMultiple psychological factors of suicidal behaviour have been identified so far; however, little is known about state-dependent alterations and the interplay of the most prominent components in a suicidal crisis. Thus, the combined effect of particular personality characteristics and decision-making performance was observed within individuals who recently attempted suicide during a major depressive episode.MethodsFifty-nine medication-free major depressed patients with a recent suicide attempt (within 72 h) and forty-five healthy control individuals were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Temperament and character factors, impulsivity and decision-making performance were assessed. Statistical analyses aimed to explore between-group differences and the most powerful contributors to suicidal behaviour during a depressive episode.ResultsDecision-making and personality differences (i.e. impulsivity, harm avoidance, self-directedness, cooperativeness and transcendence) were observed between the patient and the control group. Among these variables, decision-making, harm avoidance and self-directedness were shown to have the strongest impact on a recent suicide attempt of individuals with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to the results of the binary logistic regression analysis. The model was significant, adequately fitted the data and correctly classified 79.8% of the cases.ConclusionsThe relevance of deficient decision-making, high harm avoidance and low self-directedness was modelled in the case of major depressed participants with a recent suicide attempt; meaning that these individuals can be described with the myopia for future consequences, a pessimistic, anxious temperament; and a character component resulting in the experience of aimlessness and helplessness. Further studies that use a within-subject design should identify and confirm additional characteristics specific to the suicidal mind.
Rare Variant Hirschsprung Disease Presenting as Large Bowel Obstruction in Adulthood: Hypoganglionosis in the Anorectal Canal
Authors: Lee Roland Y. , Li Huili , White Rachel V. , Shin Benjamin J. , Birkholz James H. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a congenital bowel innervation disorder characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the neural plexus of the colorectal wall. Variant HD describes a heterogeneous group of intestinal innervation disorders in which clinical presentation resembles HD despite the presence of ganglion cells seen in rectal biopsies. We present the first reported case of a rare variant HD, hypoganglionosis isolated in the anorectal canal, diagnosed in an adult who presented with a long history of constipation and treated with proctosigmoidectomy with coloanal anastomosis. Histopathology showed rare ganglion cells isolated in the anorectal canal.
Bilirrubina: Medición y utilidad clínica en la enfermedad hepática
Authors: Guerra-Ruiz Armando Raúl , Crespo Javier , López Martínez Rosa Maria , Iruzubieta Paula , Casals Mercadal Gregori , Lalana Garcés Marta , Lavin Gomez Bernardo A. , Morales Ruiz Manuel 
Published: May 2021

Resumen
Un aumento en los niveles plasmáticos de bilirrubina es una alteración frecuente. Puede deberse a cualquier causa que altere alguna de las fases de su metabolismo: a) producción excesiva de bilirrubina (ej. hemólisis patológica); b) defecto en la captación hepática, con aumento de bilirrubina indirecta); c) defecto de conjugación, por alteración del enzima encargada (UDP-glucuronosiltransferasa); y d) defecto de excreción biliar, con aumento de bilirrubina directa, por defectos en las proteínas encargadas de la excreción, o bien por la imposibilidad del paso de la bilis a través de los conductos biliares hasta el intestino. Una lesión hepática de cualquier causa, al disminuir el número de hepatocitos, puede producir una disminución de la captación de bilirrubina indirecta desde el plasma y una disminución del transporte y excreción de la bilirrubina directa hacia los conductillos biliares. Se pueden usar diferentes técnicas analíticas para medir la bilirrubina y sus metabolitos en el suero, la orina y las heces. La bilirrubina sérica se mide mediante (1) la "reacción diazo", actualmente el método de referencia; (2) cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC); (3) métodos oxidativos, enzimáticos y químicos; (4) espectrofotometría directa; y (5) métodos transcutáneos. Aunque la bilirrubina es un marcador clásico de disfunción hepática, no siempre indica una lesión de este órgano. Por tanto, para obtener un diagnóstico preciso, el significado de las alteraciones de este parámetro biológico ha de valorarse en conjunción con la anamnesis del paciente, la magnitud de la alteración, y el patrón de las alteraciones bioquímicas. acompañantes.
Simultaneous measurement of 13 circulating vitamin D3 and D2 mono and dihydroxy metabolites using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
Authors: Jenkinson Carl , Desai Reena , Slominski Andrzej T. , Tuckey Robert C. , Hewison Martin , Handelsman David J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Clinical evaluation of vitamin D status is conventionally performed by measuring serum levels of a single vitamin D metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D predominantly by immunoassay methodology. However, this neglects the complex metabolic pathways involved in vitamin D bioactivity, including two canonical forms D3 and D2, bioactive 1,25-dihydroxy metabolites and inactive 24-hydroxy and other metabolites.

Methods
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can measure multiple analytes in a sample during a single run with high sensitivity and reference level specificity. We therefore aimed to develop and validate a LC-MS/MS method to measure simultaneously 13 circulating vitamin D metabolites and apply it to 103 human serum samples.

Results
The LC-MS/MS method using a Cookson-type derivatization reagent phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) quantifies 13 vitamin D metabolites, including mono and dihydroxy-metabolites, as well as CYP11A1-derived D3 and D2 metabolites in a single run. The lower limit of quantitation was 12.5 pg/mL for 1,25(OH)2D3 with accuracy verified by analysis of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 972a standards. Quantification of seven metabolites (25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, 20(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, 1,25(OH)2D3 and 1,20S(OH)2D3) was consistently achieved in human serum samples.

Conclusions
This profiling method can provide new insight into circulating vitamin D metabolite pathways forming the basis for improved understanding of the role of vitamin D in health and disease.
Compulsory Vaccination in a Fundamental Rights Perspective: Lessons from the ECtHR
Authors: Krasser Anja 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The multiple COVID-19 vaccines developed over the past months are typically thought of as the only means to meet the challenges posed by the current pandemic. Still, public opinion on vaccines is heavily divided. And, of course, discussions about compulsory vaccination, oftentimes based on fundamental rights arguments, tend to become heated. This note
This note builds on the arguments developed in the author’s master thesis Anja Krasser, ‘Die grundrechtliche Zulässigkeit einer Impfpflicht in Österreich’ (Universität Graz 2019) which have previously been summarized in Anja Krasser, ‘Zur grundrechtlichen Zulässigkeit einer Impfpflicht’ (2020) 2020/206 RdM 136.
analyses the issues at hand based on the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR).
Identifying Key Factors in Library–School Partnerships to Deliver a Family Literacy Programme in Western Australia
Authors: Barratt-Pugh Caroline , Sparrow Heather , Allen Nola 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Research indicates that partnerships between libraries and schools have potential to enhance early literacy. However, few studies have investigated the nature and outcomes of such collaborations. This paper reports on the findings from a qualitative study of a partnership between librarians and kindergarten teachers to implement a family literacy programme, developed by the State Library of Western Australia. The programme aims to facilitate connections between libraries, families and schools, to support early literacy. Using an interpretive paradigm, interviews were undertaken with 38 participants including State, branch, local and school librarians, kindergarten teachers and school principals in seven schools, to explore the effectiveness of the partnership model. The partnerships were highly valued, and participants reported confidence in the success of the co-operative model of programme delivery. However, there was little evidence of deep engagement across service sectors or sharing of expertise and resources. Four key factors that influenced the development and sustainability of partnerships are identified and discussed. Implications of the research are identified, which include the development of a library–school partnership framework and a literacy-text messaging programme. We conclude by suggesting that the partnership model could be replicated across other countries, maximising opportunities for cost efficiency while supporting better outcomes for families and children.
In silicoandin vivostudy of radio-iodinated nefiracetam as a radiotracer for brain imaging in mice
Authors: Sanad M. H. , Farag A. B. , Rizvi S. F. A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study presents development and characterization of a radiotracer, [125I]iodonefiracetam ([125I]iodoNEF). Labeling with high yield and radiochemical purity was achieved through the formation of a [125I]iodoNEF radiotracer after investigating many factors like oxidizing agent content (chloramines-T (Ch-T)), substrate amount (Nefiracetam (NEF)), pH of reaction mixture, reaction time and temperature. Nefiracetam (NEF) is known as nootropic agent, acting asN-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor ligand (NMDA). The radiolabeled compound was stable, and exhibited the logarithm of the partition coefficient (logp) value of [125I]iodonefiracetam as 1.85 (lipophilic). Biodistribution studies in normal mice confirmed the suitability of the [125I]iodoNEF radiotracer as a novel tracer for brain imaging. High uptake of 8.61 ± 0.14 percent injected dose/g organ was observed in mice
Evaluation of nuclear reaction cross section data of proton and deuteron induced reactions on 75As, with particular emphasis on the production of 73Se
Authors: Amjed Nouman , Aslam M. Naveed , Hussain Mazhar , Qaim Syed M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

75Se (T1/2 = 120 d), 73gSe (T1/2 = 7.1 h) and 72Se (T1/2 = 8.4 d) are important radioisotopes of selenium, being used in tracer studies, PET investigations and as a generator parent, respectively. Cross section data for the formation of those radionuclides in proton and deuteron induced reactions on 75As were critically analyzed up to about 70 MeV. A well-developed evaluation methodology was applied to generate the statistically fitted cross sections, based on the critically analyzed literature experimental data and the theoretical cross section values of three nuclear model codes ALICE-IPPE, TAYLS 1.9, and EMPIRE 3.2. Using the fitted cross sections the integral yield of each radionuclide was calculated. For the estimation of impurities, the integral yield of each radionuclide was compared with the yields of the other two radionuclides over a given energy region, and therefrom the energy range was suggested for the high purity production of each of the radionuclides 75Se, 73Se and 72Se. For production of the very important non-standard positron emitter 73Se via the 75As(p,3n)73Se reaction, the optimum energy range was deduced to be E
p = 40 → 30 MeV, with a thick target yield of 1441 MBq/μAh and the 72,75Se impurity level of <0.1%.
Immutability of Distributed Hash Model on Blockchain Node Storage
Authors: Rahardja Untung , Hidayanto Achmad Nizar , Lutfiani Ninda , Febiani Dyah Ayu , Aini Qurotul 
Published: May 2021

The blockchain system uses hash functions. Hash is used in the blockchain to mark each block of data. Hash function algorithms map a string that is usually hexadecimal of any size to a sequence of fixed-size bits. This journal will discuss the distributed hash model for immutable blockchain node storageThe methodology used in the preparation of this research is mind mapping and literature review, namely the collection of scientific journals, articles and ebooks. Storage of nodes on the blockchain using a distributed hash model. The distributed hash model only stores a portion of the block data at each node, and the block data is taken as a resource. A hash connects each block with the previous on the blockchain, so the entire blockchain transaction cannot be changed or deleted. For further research will expand the research topic regarding storage immutability on the blockchain so that it becomes more complete and detailed.
Transfiguratus est ante eos. Desarrollo teológico de la Transfiguración del Señor en un sermón inédito del siglo XVIII
Authors: Flórez Angarita Darwin Eduardo 
Published: May 2021

En el Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de San Luis Bertrán–Colombia (AHPSBC), se encuentran diversos sermones predicados por los frailes dominicos de la Nueva Granada durante el siglo XVIII. Tomando como base los métodos histórico–crítico y teológico, se hace aquí un análisis teológico del sermón De Transfiguración: Transfiguratus est ante eos (Mat 17, 2), predicado el 06 de agosto de 1786; mediante la identificación de categorías teológicas basadas tanto en fuentes bíblicas y patrísticas como de los demás escritores eclesiásticos propuestos por el autor. Debido a que estos textos gozan de un lenguaje icónico y apologético, se brindan los aportes a la Historia de la Teología a través del análisis paleográfico, archivístico, diplomático y codicológico del documento.
The first data on the study of Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) in Kherson region of Ukraine
Authors: Meshkova Valentyna , Nazarenko Serhii , Glod Oleksandr 
Published: May 2021

Oak lace bug (OLB) Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) is native to North America. In 2000 it got to Italy and has spread for recent 20 years in many countries in Europe. In 2017 OLB first registered in Kherson region of Ukraine. The aim of the research was to summarize the first data on oak lace bug spread in Ukraine. The studies were carried out in 2020 at 31 sample plots in the south-western part of the Kherson region (46°10 ' to 47°21' N, 32°10' to 33°05' E). The sample plots were located in forest stands, shelterbelts, and oaks in cities. The age of inspected stands is from 25 to 250 years old.
The presence of oak lace bug and the threat to oak trees was assessed by a point system: 0 – OLB is absent; 1 – single, one egg mass per whole plot; 2 – rare, below 10% of trees damaged; 3 – common, OLB presents not in all trees, foliage damage up to 50%; 4 – widespread, OLB presents in all trees, foliage damage up to 100%. The weighted average score of OLB presence was evaluated for different groups of stands and some of their characteristics.
The specimens of OLB and the traces of their vital activity were found at 19 sample plots (61,3%). At 51.6% of sample plots examined the OLB was common or widespread. The pest is widespread at 8 sample plots, including oaks in cities Kherson, Oleshki, and Hola Prystan, Doslidne forestry of the Steppe branch of Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry & Forest Melioration named after G.M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) and Burkutske forestry of the Velikokopanske Forest & Hunting Enterprise.
Mean OLB score is higher in forests than in shelterbelts and has a trend to increase with oak age. The highest OLB infestation was assessed in the sample plots neighbouring city streets and forest roads and in the sample plots near the waterway. The proportion of SP with common and widespread OLB from all inhabited plots near city streets, forest roads, and waterways exceeds 80%.
The data obtained can be considered preliminary, since the reproduction, distribution, and settlement of the oak lace bug in the territory of the Kherson region began only 2 years ago.
Вплив технології створення енергетичних плантацій Salix viminalis L. на їх ріст і продуктивність після першого трирічного обороту заготівлі біомаси
Authors: Fuchylo Yaroslav , Vokalchuk Bohdan 
Published: May 2021

Оцінено вплив сортових особливостей, схеми та густоти садіння живців на ріст і продуктивність енергетичних плантацій верби прутоподібної (Salix viminalis L.) впродовж двох років другого трирічного обороту заготівлі біомаси в умовах Центрального Лісостепу України. Об’єктом дослідження були плантації двох сортів – ‘Тора’ і ‘Тернопільська’, які висаджені дворядними кулісами з відстанню між рядами 0,75 м, за двох схем садіння живців: відстань між кулісами – 1,5 м (0,75-1,50-0,75 м) та 2,5 м (0,75-2,50-0,75 м). За обох схем садіння, вибравши відповідну відстань між живцями у ряду, було сформовано насадження з трьома варіантами густоти: 12, 15 та 18 тис. шт. га-1. Після досягнення дослідними насадженнями трирічного віку, їх надземна частина була зрізана. На початку четвертого року вегетації зі зрізаних кущів появились молоді пагони, результати дослідження біометричних показників яких впродовж двох років наведені у цій роботі.
Зі збільшенням густоти садіння на всіх варіантах досліду спостережено зменшення середньої висоти кущів. Найбільшу середню висоту (6,09 м ) мали рослини сорту ‘Тора’ за схеми садіння 0,75-1,50-0,75 м та густоти 12 тис. шт.·га-1. Виявлено тенденцію до зменшення кількості пагонів у кущі та їхньої висоти за збільшення густоти плантації. Кількість пагонів у кущі дворічних плантацій становила в межах від 4,8 до 6,9 шт. у сорту 'Тора' та від 5,0 до 8,0 шт. на один кущ у сорту 'Тернопільська'.
Максимальні показники продуктивності за два роки (41,7 т·га-1 сухої біомаси) та приросту біомаси впродовж другого року (21,3 т·га-1 сухої біомаси) зафіксовані в насадженнях сорту ‘Тора’ за схеми садіння 0,75-1,50-0,75 м і густоти 15 тис. кущів на 1 га. У сорту ‘Тернопільська’ найвищу врожайність (30,5 т·га-1) було зафіксовано за тієї ж схеми садіння і густоти на 1 га. За відстані між кулісами 2,5 м найвищу продуктивність дворічної біомаси також мав сорт ‘Тора’ – 34,0 т·га-1. Максимальна продуктивність сорту ‘Тернопільська’ становила 23,5 т·га-1, а мінімальна (17,5 т·га-1) – за максимальної густоти садіння (18 тис.шт.·га-1).