bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How outcomes are measured after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Massicotte Sara , Lun Ronda , Yogendrakumar Vignan , Dewar Brian , Chung Hee Sahng , Konder Ricarda , Yim Holly , Davis Alexandra , Fergusson Dean , Shamy Michel , Dowlatshahi Dar 
Published: June 2021

Background and purpose
Recovery after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is often slower than ischemic stroke. Despite this, ICH research often quantifies recovery using the same outcome measures obtained at the same timepoints as ischemic stroke. The primary objective of this scoping review is to map the existing literature to determine when and how outcomes are being measured in prospective studies of recovery after ICH.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science from inception to November 2019, for prospective studies that included patients with ICH. Two investigators independently screened the studies and extracted data around timing and type of outcome assessment.

Results
Among the 9761 manuscripts reviewed, 395 met inclusion criteria, of which 276 were observational studies and 129 were interventional studies that enrolled 66274 patients. Mortality was assessed in 93% of studies. Functional outcomes were assessed in 85% of studies. The most frequently used functional assessment tool was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (60%), followed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Severity Scale (22%) and Barthel Index (21%). The most frequent timepoint at which mortality was assessed was 90 days (41%), followed by 180 days (18%) and 365 days (12%), with 2% beyond 1 year. The most frequent timepoint used for assessing mRS was 90 days (62%), followed by 180 days (21%) and 365 days (17%).

Conclusion
While most prospective ICH studies report mortality and functional outcomes only at 90 days, a significant proportion do so at 1 year and beyond. Our results support the feasibility of collecting long-term outcome data to optimally assess recovery in ICH.
A exposição a inundação das escolas e seus efeitos sobre o tempo de leccionação – Caso da cidade de Maputo / Moçambique
Authors: Bernardo Bernardino José , Dgedge Gustavo Sobrinho , Nhambire Elisa Eda 
Published: June 2021

As escolas constituem infraestruturas fundamentais para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O tempo de leccionação é determinante para o bom sucesso deste processo. A sua durabilidade depende também das características naturais do local onde a escola está implantada. O presente trabalho sobre a exposição a inundação das escolas, mostra como é que este processo influencia no tempo de leccionação. O mesmo foi elaborado com o objectivo de identificar as escolas localizadas em áreas inundáveis, calcular o tempo de duração da inundação e mostrar como é que este processo influencia na durabilidade do processo de leccionação. Para a sua consecução, recorreu-se a revisão documental, as entrevistas, a análise e interpretação de imagens de satélite e de cartas topográficas, a análise e representação cartográfica assim como a análise dos dados pluviométricos. O trabalho conclui que quando as escolas e as vias de acesso localizadas em áreas deprimidas ficam inundadas, o período de leccionação é interrompido por num espaço temporal superior a uma semana, facto que contribui negativamente para o sucesso do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, tendo sido, por isso, sugerido que sejam realizados estudos hidrogeomorfológicos e educação ambiental antes da construção das escolas, de modo a reduzir a sua exposição as inundações.
Palavras – chave: inundação, tempo lectivo, riscos hidrogeomorfologicos.
La reproducción de las desigualdades en las trayectorias de movilidad social intergeneracional de los jóvenes marroquíes en España
Authors: Laíz Moreira Sofía 
Published: June 2021

Este artículo presenta los principales resultados de una investigación realizada entre los años 2011 y 2015 y cuyo objetivo fue el de analizar las estrategias de movilidad social intergeneracional de las familias marroquíes vinculadas a tres perfiles concretos de jóvenes migrantes: los jóvenes de segundas generaciones, los reagrupados y los jóvenes llegados como menores no acompañados. Todos ellos, inmigrados en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia, en España, a principios del presente siglo.
Una metodología fundamentalmente etnográfica y de carácter multi-situado guió un extenso trabajo de campo realizado con diez familias migrantes cuyos miembros residían en ocasiones dispersos entre Galicia y la provincia de Beni Mellal, en Marruecos. Las mediciones de cambios en las categorías educativas y ocupacionales se realizaron teniendo en cuenta aquellas de los padres y las de los descendientes, es decir, entre generaciones.
Los resultados mostraron unas trayectorias educativas ascendentes entre las generaciones, pero unos resultados poco alentadores en la inserción laboral de los descendientes, pues éstos reproducían las condiciones de precariedad y fragilidad laboral de los padres, insertados en su mayoría en el sector informal de la economía local.
Employee involvement, job satisfaction, and in-role performance
Authors: Wijaya Nikodemus Hans Setiadi , Haryokusumo Diaz , Akbar Muhammad Dian 
Published: June 2021

This study examines the relations among employee involvement, job satisfaction, and in-role performance. Job satisfaction is posited as a mediator. A total of 102 respondents filled out a self-administrated survey. The hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the direct influence hypotheses. To carry out the mediation test, the procedures proposed by Baron and Kenny and the Sobel Test to strengthen were both used. It was found that the influence of employee involvement variables was positive on job satisfaction and in-role performance. Results also showed a positive of job satisfaction on in-role performance. Job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between employee involvement and in-role performance. Implications of the findings, implications, and limitations are discussed.
Self-improving properties of discrete Muckenhoupt weights
Authors: Saker Samir H. , O’Regan Donal , Agarwal Ravi P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we will provide a complete study of the self-improving
properties of the discrete Muckenhoupt class

𝒜
p

⁢

(
𝒞
)

{\mathcal{A}^{p}(\mathcal{C})}

of weights defined on

ℤ
+

{\mathbb{Z}_{+}}

. In addition, we will determine the
range of the new constants which are related to the original constants via
an algebraic equation. For illustration, we will give an example to prove
that the results are sharp. The results will be obtained by employing a
discrete version of an inequality due to Hardy–Littlewood and a new discrete
Hardy-type inequality with negative powers.
PID-Regelkreise mit zwei Freiheitsgraden
Authors: Lunze Jan 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag zeigt für Regelkreise mit PID-Reglern, dass bei Verwendung einer Vorsteuerung ein Überschwingen in der Führungsübergangsfunktion nicht zu vermeiden ist. Es wird ein Verfahren angegeben, wie man den Verstärkungsfaktor der Aufschaltung so bestimmen kann, dass die quadratische Regelfläche minimiert wird. Für einfache Regelstrecken führt die explizite Lösung des betreffenden Optimierungsproblems auf ein intuitiv interessantes Ergebnis.
Suboptimale Modellprädiktive Regelung mit einem Freiheitsgrad für unterlagerte Regelkreise
Authors: Makarow Artemi , Rösmann Christoph , Bertram Torsten 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird eine suboptimale modellprädiktive Regelung mit stabilisierenden Endbedingungen und einem ableitungsfreien Optimierungsalgorithmus für eine bestimmte Klasse nichtlinearer Systeme vorgestellt. Repräsentativ für diese Systemklasse stehen insbesondere elektromagnetische Aktuatoren. Durch die Kombination eines Freiheitsgrades auf dem ersten variablen Abschnitt des Prädiktionshorizonts mit endlichen Stellmengen können die rekursive Durchführbarkeit der Regelung und die asymptotische Stabilität der Gleichgewichtslage auf Basis der Erkenntnisse aus der klassischen suboptimalen modellprädiktiven Regelung nachgewiesen werden. Die vorgestellte Optimierungsstrategie ist mit überschaubarem Aufwand implementierbar, bedarf keiner externen Programmbibliotheken und adressiert somit industrielle Anwendungen. Die theoretischen Herleitungen werden durch numerische Auswertungen sowie dem Vergleich zur klassischen modellprädiktiven Regelung gestützt.
Power of the people or the expert? The influence of vox pop and expert statements on news-item evaluation, perceived public opinion, and personal opinion
Authors: Beckers Kathleen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Vox pops, interviews with ordinary people on the street, are one of the most common ways to represent public opinion in television news. Research found that they influence audience judgments more than static base-rate information such as poll results. However, little research has compared vox pops with vivified base-rate information. Most research studying vox pops assumed they are included in the news because of their apparent attractiveness and trustworthiness to audiences. Using a television news experiment comparing statistical base-rate information vivified by an expert with vox pop statements, this study shows that news items containing vox pop statements are perceived as being less attractive and trustworthy than items containing the expert statement. No difference is found between the two types of public opinion information in their influence on perceived public opinion, but vox pops do influence audiences’ personal opinion more strongly.
Automorphic ℒ‐invariants for reductive groups
Authors: Gehrmann Lennart 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Let G be a reductive group over a number field F, which is split at a finite place

𝔭

{\mathfrak{p}}

of F, and let π be a cuspidal automorphic representation of G, which is cohomological with respect to the trivial coefficient system and Steinberg at

𝔭

{\mathfrak{p}}

.
We use the cohomology of

𝔭

{\mathfrak{p}}

-arithmetic subgroups of G to attach automorphic

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

-invariants to π.
This generalizes a construction of Darmon (respectively Spieß), who considered the case

G
=

GL
2

{G={\mathrm{GL}}_{2}}

over the rationals (respectively over a totally real number field).
These

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

-invariants depend a priori on a choice of degree of cohomology, in which the representation π occurs.
We show that they are independent of this choice provided that the π-isotypic part of cohomology is cyclic over Venkatesh’s derived Hecke algebra.
Further, we show that automorphic

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

-invariants can be detected by completed cohomology.
Combined with a local-global compatibility result of Ding it follows that for certain representations of definite unitary groups the automorphic

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

-invariants are equal to the Fontaine–Mazur

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

-invariants of the associated Galois representation.
Cancellation in algebraic twisted sums on GL_
m
Authors: Jiang Yujiao , Lü Guangshi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Let π be an automorphic irreducible cuspidal representation of

GL
m

{\operatorname{GL}_{m}}

over

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

with unitary central character, and let

λ
π

⁢

(
n
)

{\lambda_{\pi}(n)}

be its n-th Dirichlet series coefficient.
We study short sums of isotypic trace functions associated to some sheaves modulo primes q of bounded
conductor, twisted by multiplicative functions

λ
π

⁢

(
n
)

{\lambda_{\pi}(n)}

and

μ
⁢

(
n
)

⁢

λ
π

⁢

(
n
)

{\mu(n)\lambda_{\pi}(n)}

. We are able to establish non-trivial bounds for these
algebraic twisted sums with intervals of length of at
least

q

1
/
2

+
ε

{q^{1/2+\varepsilon}}

for an arbitrary fixed

ε
>
0

{\varepsilon>0}

.
Third Hankel determinants for two classes of analytic functions with real coefficients
Authors: Sim Young Jae , Zaprawa Paweł 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the problem of estimating Hankel determinants has attracted the attention of many mathematicians. Their research have been focused mainly on deriving the bounds of

H

2
,
2

{H_{2,2}}

or

H

3
,
1

{H_{3,1}}

over different subclasses of

𝒮

{\mathcal{S}}

. Only in a few papers third Hankel determinants for non-univalent functions were considered. In this paper, we consider two classes of analytic functions with real coefficients. The first one is the class

𝒯

{\mathcal{T}}

of typically real functions. The second object of our interest is

𝒦
ℝ

⁢

(
i
)

{\mathcal{K}_{\mathbb{R}}(i)}

, the class of functions with real coefficients which are convex in the direction of the imaginary axis. In both classes, we find lower and upper bounds of the third Hankel determinant. The results are sharp.
Duality pairs induced by Auslander and Bass classes
Authors: Huang Zhaoyong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Let R and S be arbitrary rings and let

C
S

R

{{}_{R}C_{S}}

be a semidualizing bimodule, and let

𝒜
C

⁢

(

R
op

)

{\mathcal{A}_{C}(R^{\mathrm{op}})}

and

ℬ
C

⁢

(
R
)

{\mathcal{B}_{C}(R)}

be the Auslander and Bass classes, respectively. Then both pairs

(

𝒜
C

⁢

(

R
op

)

,

ℬ
C

⁢

(
R
)

)

and

(

ℬ
C

⁢

(
R
)

,

𝒜
C

⁢

(

R
op

)

)

(\mathcal{A}_{C}(R^{\mathrm{op}}),\mathcal{B}_{C}(R))\quad\text{and}\quad(%
\mathcal{B}_{C}(R),\mathcal{A}_{C}(R^{\mathrm{op}}))

are coproduct-closed and product-closed duality pairs and both

𝒜
C

⁢

(

R
op

)

{\mathcal{A}_{C}(R^{\mathrm{op}})}

and

ℬ
C

⁢

(
R
)

{\mathcal{B}_{C}(R)}

are covering and preenveloping;
in particular, the former duality pair is perfect. Moreover,
if

ℬ
C

⁢

(
R
)

{\mathcal{B}_{C}(R)}

is enveloping in

Mod
⁡
R

{\operatorname{Mod}R}

, then

𝒜
C

⁢

(
S
)

{\mathcal{A}_{C}(S)}

is enveloping in

Mod
⁡
S

{\operatorname{Mod}S}

.
Also, some applications to the Auslander projective dimension of modules are given.
The role of ADAM17 during liver damage
Authors: Al-Salihi Mazin , Bornikoel Anna , Zhuang Yuan , Stachura Pawel , Scheller Jürgen , Lang Karl S. , Lang Philipp A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17 is a membrane bound protease, involved in the cleavage and thus regulation of various membrane proteins, which are critical during liver injury. Among ADAM17 substrates are tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2 (TNFR1, TNFR2), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands amphiregulin (AR) and heparin-binding-EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and the receptor for a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), c-Met. TNFα and its binding receptors can promote liver injury by inducing apoptosis and necroptosis in liver cells. Consistently, hepatocyte specific deletion of ADAM17 resulted in increased liver cell damage following CD95 stimulation. IL-6 trans-signaling is critical for liver regeneration and can alleviate liver damage. EGFR ligands can prevent liver damage and deletion of amphiregulin and HB-EGF can result in increased hepatocyte death and reduced proliferation. All of which indicates that ADAM17 has a central role in liver injury and recovery from it. Furthermore, inactive rhomboid proteins (iRhom) are involved in the trafficking and maturation of ADAM17 and have been linked to liver damage. Taken together, ADAM17 can contribute in a complex way to liver damage and injury.
The paracaspase MALT1 in psoriasis
Authors: Hailfinger Stephan , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Psoriasis is a frequent autoimmune-related skin disease, which involves various cell types such as T cells, keratinocytes and dendritic cells. Genetic variations, such as mutations of CARD14, can promote the development of the disease. CARD14 mutations as well as the stimulation of immune and cytokine receptors activate the paracaspase MALT1, a potent activator of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1. The disease-promoting role of MALT1 for psoriasis is mediated by both its protease activity as well as its molecular scaffold function. Here, we review the importance of MALT1-mediated signaling and its therapeutic implications in psoriasis.
Presenting status of children with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia over two decades (1999–2018) in the absence of newborn screening in Sri Lanka
Authors: Seneviratne Sumudu N. , Sandakelum Udara , Jayawardena Chaminda H. , Weerasinghe Ashangi M. , Wickramarachchi Piyumi S. , de Silva Shamya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Although new-born screening (NBS) for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (C-CAH) has been available for decades, it is not widely implemented. We assessed the usefulness of introducing NBS for C-CAH, by analyzing presenting status of infants with C-CAH, over the past two decades, in Sri Lanka.

Methods
This retrospective clinic-based study, from the largest tertiary children’s hospital in Sri Lanka, analyzed initial presenting features of children with C-CAH from 1999 to 2018, in the absence of NBS for CAH, and included gender-based comparisons.

Results
Features suggestive of impending adrenal-crisis were seen at initial presentation in >80 % (dehydration 70%, hyponatremia 65%, hyperkalemia 47%, vomiting 45%, hypoglycemia 22%, collapse 20%). Hyperpigmentation was seen in 78%, and consanguinity in 27%. There were fewer affected males (n = 12) compared to females (n = 28). Most girls (96%) had virilized genitalia, and 16 faced uncertainty about gender at birth. Median age at diagnosis was 20 days. More than 70% of children had SW-CAH (males = 9 and females = 20). There were fewer males with SW-CAH, and all had features of impending adrenal crisis, including severe hyponatremia in 50%, while 62% of girls also developed hyponatremia and 33% had hyperkalemia, prior to treatment. Treatment of SW-CAH was initiated at a median age of 30 days in boys, and 10 days of age in girls.

Conclusion
Many boys and girls with C-CAH from Sri Lanka presented late with impending adrenal crisis. Males were diagnosed later, and some possibly succumbed to C-CAH undiagnosed. These findings support including CAH in NBS programs to avert preventable childhood morbidity and mortality.
Laparoscopic versus open major liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: A case-matched analysis of short- and long-term outcomes
Authors: He Aoxiao , Huang Zhihao , Wang Jiakun , Feng Qian , Zhang Rongguiyi , Lu Hongcheng , Peng Long , Wu Linquan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
The feasibility and safety of laparoscopic major hepatectomy (LMH) are still uncertain. The purpose of the present study is to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of LMH with those of open major hepatectomy (OMH) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Method
Between January 2012 and December 2018, a total of 26 patients received laparoscopic major hepatectomy in our center. To minimize any confounding factors, a 1:3 case-matched analysis was conducted based on the demographics and extent of liver resection. Data of demographics, perioperative outcomes, and long-term oncologic outcomes were reviewed.

Results
Intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.007) was significantly lower in the LMH group. In addition, the LMH group exhibited a lower overall complication rate (P = 0.039) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.024). However, no statistically significant difference was found between LMH and OMH regarding operation time (P = 0.215) and operative cost (P = 0.860). Two laparoscopic cases were converted to open liver resection. In regard to long-term outcomes, there was no significant difference between LMH and OMH regarding disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.079) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.172).

Conclusion
LMH can be an effective and safe alternative to OMH for selected patients with liver cancer in short- and long-term outcomes.
Disazo (Bishydrazone) condensation pigments
Authors: Christie Robert , Abel Adrian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDisazo condensation pigments were developed in the mid-twentieth century as a range of high-performance azo pigments to meet the stringent demands placed on the technical properties required for applications in growing markets such as automotive paints, plastics, and fibers. The commercial products vary in shade from yellow through red to brown. Structurally, the pigments are related to the classical yellow azoacetoacetanilides or red azonaphthols by synthetically connecting two monoazo derivatives by a condensation reaction involving an aromatic diamine. The resulting pigment molecules are of extremely large molecular size with the presence of several amide groups, factors that determine their excellent set of fastness properties. The procedures used in their manufacture involve complex and demanding multistage processes, and this explains the higher cost of these pigments. The application performance attributes provided by the individual commercial products are discussed in detail in the final section.
Organic pigments: general principles
Authors: Christie Robert , Abel Adrian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis introductory chapter presents an overview of the general principles underlying the structural chemistry, manufacturing processes, and application technology of organic pigments. The coverage provides a fundamental theoretical and practical basis for the chapters that follow in this series that are devoted to specific chemical classes of industrially significant organic pigments of the azo, phthalocyanine, carbonyl, dioxazine, and metal complex classes. The initial sections cover the fundamental differences which mean that dyes and pigments are considered universally as two separate types of colorant, based on their solubility characteristics. They also provide discussions of the contrasting chemical, technological, and performance features of organic and inorganic pigments. An outline of the most important historical features in the development of the synthetic organic pigment industry is then presented, from its origins in the 19th century that followed soon after the development of the industrial synthetic dye industry, through its expansion in the 20th century, to its current position as a mature global industry. A section then follows that describes the functions that organic pigments are required to perform in their application, mainly their optical functions that include not only color properties, including hue, strength, brightness, but also the contrasting requirements for transparency or opacity as demanded by specific applications. The pigments are also required to resist the conditions and agencies that they might encounter in applications, assessed as fastness properties, such as fastness to light, heat, solvents and chemicals, amongst many others, to an extent that specific applications demand. The principles, in broad terms, of the ways in which chemical structures determine colour and performance of organic pigments are discussed, with focus not only on the influence of molecular structure, but also on the effect of the crystal structural arrangement and the particulate structure, including particle size and shape and its distribution, on application performance. This is important as these pigments are applied as a dispersion of finely divided crystalline solid particles that are insoluble and are ultimately trapped mechanically in their application medium, often a polymer. The manufacture of organic pigments is discussed in broad terms. The overall process may be considered in stages, initiated by the chemical synthetic sequence in which the pigment is formed, followed by a conditioning stage where the crude product thus obtained is modified to optimise its performance properties, and finally finishing where the product is processed into a form, or preparation, that is suitable for its intended applications. Finally, the technological principles underlying a broad range of the most important application areas for organic pigments, which are mainly in paints, inks, and plastics, are discussed.