bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Yogurt as a Deglutition Aid on the Disintegration and Dissolution of Oral Tablets
Authors: Matsuo Taisuke , Tabata Yoshiyuki , Sasaki Hina , Yoshida Yuki , Gotoh Yayoi , Suzuki Toshio , Obara Michiko , Sadzuka Yasuyuki , Tomita Takashi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With an aging society, the number of people with dysphagia has increased. Patients with dysphagia not only find it difficult to eat and drink, but also to take oral medications. Swallowing aid foods, such as deglutition aid jellies and food thickeners are often used to help patients take oral medications. However, the inappropriate use of swallowing aids can decrease the pharmacological activity of the medications. Yogurt is nutritious and easy for patients with dysphagia to eat. Although yogurt is sometimes used to help take medications, its influence on them is poorly understood. In this study, we compared the physical properties and the effects of yogurt on disintegration and dissolution profiles of various oral tablets with those of deglutition aid jelly and xanthan gum-based food thickener. Yogurt and food thickener were found to extend the disintegration time of several tablets, but it remained within a few minutes. Although dissolution of magnesium oxide tablets decreased by 6%, 14%, and 25% after immersion in deglutition aid jelly, food thickener, and yogurt, respectively at 15 min, this decrease reduced with time. Rheological measurements showed that yogurt and food thickeners exhibited a weak gel structure and therefore had better fluidity than deglutition aid jelly. The viscosity and adhesiveness of yogurt were higher than those of food thickener, which delayed tablet disintegration and reduced the dissolution rate. However, these effects were not large. Yogurt may be a useful swallowing aid for patients with dysphagia taking oral medications.
Sydenham’s chorea in Sudan
Authors: Ibrahim Etedal Ahmed A. , Mohamed Rogia Hussein , Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sydenham’s chorea (SC), is the most common form of acquired chorea in childhood, it is considered as neurological complication of streptococcal pharyngitis. Our aim was to determine the clinical pattern, association of Sydenham’s chorea with other manifestation of ARF and the laboratory findings of Sydenham’s chorea among Sudanese patients.Methods: This study is descriptive , retrospective cross- sectional study. Fifty patients with different age groups, were diagnosed as having Sydenham’s chorea & followed up at The National center for Neurological sciences, in the period (Jan2017 to Nov2019). Data were obtained after patients consent of by personal interview or personal review of patients records through a designed questionnaire including demographic data, symptoms, co morbid illness, risk factors, physical examination and related investigations.Results: The patients’ median age was 13.7 years: 88% of the cases occurred between 7-17 years with female predominance(35) . Generalized chorea was seen in 33 (66%) and hemichorea 17 (34%) patients. weakness and hypotonia were common, behavior change (44%), dysarthria (71%), gait change(17.20%)and deterioration of handwriting (13%) Arthritis occurred in (36%), carditis 30 (60%), arthritis and carditis in 18(36%), and pure chorea 14 (28%). Erythema marginatum and subcutaneous nodules were not observed in our patients. Only13 patients (26%) gave a history of pharyngitis.Conclusion : There were clear evidence of familial predisposition. Sydenham’ chorea commonly presents acutely in majority of patients. Chorea firstly appeared with oro-fascial movement followed by limb involvement. Minority of patients gave a history of pharyngitis. Brain imaging was normal.
Trapezoidal Fully Fuzzy Sylvester Matrix Equation with Arbitrary Coefficients
Authors: Elsayed Ahmed , Ahmad Nazihah , Malkawi Ghassan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Almost every existing method for solving trapezoidal fully fuzzy Sylvester matrix equation
restricts the coefficient matrix and the solution to be positive fuzzy numbers only. In this paper,
we develop new analytical methods to solve a trapezoidal fully fuzzy Sylvester matrix equation
with restricted and unrestricted coefficients. The trapezoidal fully fuzzy Sylvester matrix
equation is transferred to a system of crisp equations based on the sign of the coefficients by
using Ahmd arithmetic multiplication operations between trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The
constructed method not only obtain a simple crisp system of linear equation that can be solved
by any classical methods but also provide a widen the scope of the trapezoidal fully fuzzy
Sylvester matrix equation in scientific applications. Furthermore, these methods have less steps
and conceptually easy to understand when compared with existing methods. To illustrate the
proposed methods numerical examples are solved.
Effectiveness of digital health interventions for diabetes: systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Maiga Bonkana , Bagayoko Cheick O , Ahmed Mohamed Ali Ag , Anne Abdrahamane , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Traoré Sidibe Assa , Landrier Jean François , Geissbuhler Antoine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The use of digital health technologies to tackle diabetes has been particularly flourishing in recent years. Previous studies have shown to varying degrees that these technologies can have an impact on diabetes prevention and management.
Objective
The aim of this review is to summarize the best evidence regarding the effectiveness of digital health interventions to improve one or more diabetes indicators.
Methods
We included all types of interventions aimed at evaluating the effect of digital health on diabetes. We considered at all types of digital interventions (mobile health, teleconsultations, tele-expertise, electronic health records, decision support systems, e-learning, etc.). We included systematic reviews published in English or French over the last 29 years, from January 1991 to December 2019, that met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently reviewed the titles and abstracts of the studies to assess their eligibility, and extracted relevant information according to a predetermined grid. Any disagreement was resolved by discussion and consensus between the two reviewers, or involved a third author as referee.
Results
In total in our review of journals, we included 10 reviews. The outcomes of interest were clinical indicators of diabetes that could be influenced by digital interventions. These outcomes had to be objectively measurable indicators related to diabetes surveillance and management that are generally accepted by diabetes experts. Six of the ten reviews showed moderate to large significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) levels compared to controls. Most reviews reported overall positive results and found that digital health interventions improved health care utilization, behaviours, attitudes, knowledge and skills.
Conclusion
Based on a large corpus of scientific evidence on digital health interventions, this overview could help identify the most effective interventions to improve diabetes indicators.
HUBUNGAN KEPUASAN PASIEN RAWAT INAP DENGAN MUTU PELAYANAN KEPERAWATAN DI KLINIK KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Budiman M. Elyas Arif , Mardijanto Said , Astutik Emi Ellya 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Satisfaction with the accepted model between expectations (the standard of performance that should be) with the actual performance received by the customer, the value satisfaction felt by patients after getting health services. The quality of nursing services is the most important thing in health service agencies, to achieve the expectations and needs of customers (patients). Good quality nursing service will increase customer (patient) satisfaction. This study aims to see the relationship between patient satisfaction and quality of nursing services in clinics in Jember Regency. This type of research used in this study with a cross sectional approach. The research sample used quota sampling of 33 respondents. Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level of p <0.05. The results showed that patient satisfaction with satisfied criteria and the quality of nursing services with good criteria. Chi-Square test resulted in a value of p = 0.020 and a contingency coefficient of 0.374. These results indicate that there is a weak relationship between Inpatient Satisfaction and Quality of Nursing Services in Clinics in Jember Regency. It is expected from this research that the clinic will improve the quality of nursing services to provide patient satisfaction. Keywords: patient satisfaction, quality of nursing services ABSTRAK Kepuasan merupakan model kesenjangan antara harapan (standar kinerja yang seharusnya) dengan kinerja aktual yang diterima pelanggan, kepuasan nilai subjektif yang dirasakan pasien setelah mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Mutu pelayanan keperawatan merupakan hal terpenting dalam instansi jasa pelayanan kesehatan, untuk mencapai harapan dan kebutuhan pelanggan (pasien). Mutu pelayanan keperawatan yang baik akan meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan (pasien). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepuasan pasien dengan mutu pelayanan keperawatan di klinik di Kabupaten Jember. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan quota sampling sebanyak 33 responden. Uji statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepuasan pasien dengan kriteria puas dan mutu pelayanan keperawatan dengan kriteria baik. Uji Chi-Square dihasilkan nilai p = 0,020 dan koefisien kontingensi 0,374. Hasil ini menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang lemah Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan di klinik di kabupaten Jember. Diharapkan dari penelitian ini agar pihak klinik meningkatkan mutu pelayanan keperawatan untuk memberikan kepuasan pasien. Kata kunci: kepuasan pasien, mutu pelayanan keperawatan
Flood forecasting and flood flow modeling in a river system using ANN
Authors: Agarwal S. , Roy P. J. , Choudhury P. , Debbarma N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In terms of predicting the flow parameters of a river system, such as discharge and flow depth, the continuity equation plays a vital role. In this research, static- and routing-type dynamic artificial neural networks (ANNs) were incorporated in the multiple sections of a river flow on the basis of a storage parameter. Storage characteristics were presented implicitly and explicitly for various sections in a river system satisfying the continuity norm and mass balance flow. Furthermore, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) model form having two base architectures, namely, MIMO-1 and MIMO-2, was accounted for learning fractional storage and actual storage variations and characteristics in a given model form. The model architecture was also obtained by using a trial-and-error approach, while the network architecture was acquired by employing gamma memory along with use of the multi-layer perceptron model form. Moreover, this paper discusses the comparisons and differences between both models. The model performances were validated using various statistical criteria, such as the root-mean-square error (whose value is less than 10% from the observed mean), the coefficient of efficiency (whose value is more than 0.90), and various other statistical parameters. This paper suggests applicability of these models in real-time scenarios while following the continuity norm.
Nitrate removal during Fe(III) bio-reduction in microbial-mediated iron redox cycling systems
Authors: Lu Yongsheng , Liu Hui , Huang Xueer , Xu Lu , Zhou Jizhi , Qian Guangren , Shen Jupei , Chen Xueping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fe(III) bio-reduction provides a prospect of applying the iron redox cycle to nitrate remediation in the aquatic environment. The objective of this study was to realize multiple nitrate removals in the system containing Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (S. oneidensis MR-1) and ferrihydrite or magnetite. The results showed that with three periods of 30 mg·L−1 NO3−-N addition, all nitrate reduction was completed within 170 h. In the first period (0–30 h) of nitrate addition, the main contribution of nitrate removal was due to the biological reduction process by S. oneidensis MR-1, accompanied by the reduction of Fe(III). During the second (45–90 h) and third periods (100–170 h) of nitrate addition, oxidation of biogenic Fe(II) coupled with the reduction of nitrate took place. This redox reaction resulted in the production of gaseous nitrogen of 47.33% and 16.8% for ferrihydrite/S. oneidensis MR-1 and magnetite/S. oneidensis MR-1 systems, respectively. In addition, nitrite, as an intermediate product, accumulated and negatively affected nitrate removal after the third addition of nitrate. By comparing the patterns of X-ray diffraction of the iron minerals before and after the bio-reduction, it was found that ferrihydrite was transformed into magnetite, while magnetite kept its original crystal form.
Cellular Uptake Pathways of Nanoparticles: Process of Endocytosis and
Factors Affecting their Fate
Authors: Varma Sameer , Dey Smita , Palanisamy Dhanabal 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Efficient and controlled internalization of NPs into the cells depends on
their physicochemical properties and dynamics of the plasma membrane. NPs-cell interaction is a
complex process that decides the fate of NPs internalization through different endocytosis
pathways.

Objective:
The aim of this review is to highlight the physicochemical properties of synthesized
nanoparticles (NPs) and their interaction with the cellular-dynamics and pathways like
phagocytosis, pinocytosis, macropinocytosis, clathrin, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and
the involvement of effector proteins domain such as clathrin, AP2, caveolin, Arf6, Cdc42,
dynamin and cell surface receptors in the endocytosis process of NPs.

Method:
An electronic search was performed to explore the focused reviews and research
articles on types of endocytosis and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their impact
on cellular internalizations. The search was limited to peer-reviewed journals in the PubMed
database.

Results:
This article discusses in detail, how different types of NPs and their physicochemical
properties such as size, shape, aspect ratio, surface charge, hydrophobicity, elasticity, stiffness,
corona formation, and surface functionalization change the pattern of endocytosis in the presence
of different pharmacological blockers. Some external forces like a magnetic field, electric field,
and ultrasound exploit the cell membrane dynamics to permeabilize them for efficient
internalization with respect to fundamental principles of membrane bending and pore formation.

Conclusion:
This review will be useful to attract and guide the audience to understand the
endocytosis mechanism and its pattern with respect to physicochemical properties of NPs to
improve their efficacy and targeting to achieve the impactful outcome in drug-delivery and
theranostic applications.
Sulfated Extract of Abelmoschus Esculentus: A Potential Cancer Chemo-preventive Agent
Authors: Gamal-Eldeen Amira M. , Amer Hassan , Fahmy Cinderella A. , Dahlawi Haytham , Salman Asma , Raafat Bassem M. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) (okra), is an edible plant used in many food applications.

Objective:
This study explored whether sulfated AE (SAE) has promising cancer chemopreventive activities that may recommend it as a functional food supplement instead of (or in addition to) AE for the population at risk of cancer and in the health food industry.

Methods:
Cytochrome P450-1A (CYP1A) was estimated by fluorescence enzymatic reaction, using β-naphthoflavone-treated cells (CYP1A inducer). Peroxyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging was assayed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay. Flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis/necrosis in MCF-7 cells, cell cycle phases in MCF-7 cells, and macrophage binding to fluorescein isothiocyanate-lipopolysaccharide (FITC-LPS). Nitric oxide was determined by Griess assay in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used to induce hepatic tumor initiation in rats. Placental glutathione-S-transferase (GSTP; an initiation marker) was stained in a fluorescence immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections, and histopathological changes were examined.

Results:
SAE exhibited strong antitumor initiation and antitumor promotion activities. It suppressed CYP1A, scavenged peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals, induced macrophage proliferation, suppressed macrophage binding to FITC-LPS, inhibited nitric oxide generation, showed specific cytotoxicity to human breast MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cells, and disturbed the cell cycle phases (S and G2/M phases) in association with an increased percentage of apoptotic/necrotic MCF-7 cells. Over a short time period, DEN stimulated liver cancer initiation, but SAE treatment reduced the DEN-induced histopathological alterations and inhibited CYP1A and GSTP.

Conclusion:
SAE extract has the potential for use as an alternative to AE in health foods to provide cancer chemoprevention in populations at risk for cancer.
The Relationship between Prenatal Diagnosis Indications and Abnormal Chromosomal Karyotypes: A Retrospective Cohort of 4646 Cases in Beijing from 2012-2019
Authors: Liu Xiaoting , Zhang Wenling , Zhang Liwen , Ma Ying , Gao Zhiying , You Yanqin , Wang Chengbin 
Published: July 2021

Background and Objective:
Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the genetic disorders
caused by abnormal chromosome number or structure and can endanger multiple organs, morphology
and function of the systems in the human body. This study aims to investigate the relationship
between prenatal diagnosis indications and abnormal karyotypes to improve prenatal screening.

Methods:
The karyotype analyses were carried out on 4646 pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis
indications referred to the first medical center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2012 to
2019. The incidence, distribution, and statistical features of chromosomal abnormality of different
prenatal diagnosis indications were analyzed, and the relationships with the prenatal diagnosis indications
were assessed.

Results:
A total of 351 fetal chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 4646 karyotypes, with an
incidence of 7.6%. The chromosomal abnormality incidence in the single indication group, two indications
group, and three indications group was 5.8%, 16.1%, and 70.0%, respectively, indicating
a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Advanced maternal age (AMA), high-risk maternal
serum screening (MSS), and non-invasive prenatal DNA testing (NIPT) were the important indications
for predicting abnormal karyotype. The number of prenatal diagnosis indications was highly
correlated with fetal chromosomal abnormalities. The overall incidence of chromosomal abnormalities
showed a tendency to increase with age. The incidence of Trisomy 21 was 3.2%, accounting
for 42.5% of all chromosomal abnormalities, and the incidence tended to increase with maternal
age.

Conclusion:
Prenatal karyotype analysis of pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis indications
can effectively prevent the birth of defective children. AMA, MSS and NIPT were the important indications
for predicting abnormal karyotype. In addition, the number of prenatal diagnosis indications
is highly correlated with chromosomal abnormalities.
Design of Dual COX-2 and 5-LOX Inhibitors with Iron-Chelating Properties Using Structure-Based and Ligand-Based Methods
Authors: Bošković Jelena , Ružić Dušan , Čudina Olivera , Nikolic Katarina , Dobričić Vladimir 
Published: July 2021

Background:Inflammation is a critical component of many disease progressions, such as malignancy, cardiovascular and rheumatic diseases. The inhibition of inflammatory mediators synthesis by modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways provides challenging strategy for development of more effective drugs.Objective:The aim of this study was to design dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors with iron-chelating properties using a combination of ligand-based (three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR)) and structure-based (molecular docking) methods.Methods:The 3D-QSAR analysis was applied on a literature dataset consisting of 28 dual COX-2 and 5- LOX inhibitors in Pentacle software. The quality of developed COX-2 and 5-LOX 3D-QSAR models were evaluated by internal and external validation methods. The molecular docking analysis was performed in GOLD software, while selected ADMET properties were predicted in ADMET predictor software.Results:According to the molecular docking studies, the class of sulfohydroxamic acid analogues, previously designed by 3D-QSAR, were clustered as potential dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors with ironchelating properties. Based on the 3D-QSAR and molecular docking, 1j, 1g and 1l were selected as the most promising dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors. According to the in silico ADMET predictions, all compounds had ADMET_Risk score less than 7 and CYP_Risk score lower than 2.5. Designed compounds were not estimated as hERG inhibitors and 1j had improved intrinsic solubility (8.704) in comparison to the dataset compounds (0.411-7.946).Conclusion:By combining 3D-QSAR and molecular docking, three compounds (1j, 1g and 1l) were selected as the most promising designed dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors, for which good activity, as well as favourable ADMET properties and toxicity, are expected.
Effects of Projections on Radiation Dose for and Image Quality of Chest
Digital Radiography for Children
Authors: Xu Hongrong , Liu Bo , Cai Jinhua , Zheng Huan , Zheng Helin , Yang Qiurui , Yao Changhong 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Until now few studies have specially validated whether the sex, body
mass index, or imaging projections of pediatric patients undergoing chest Digital Radiography
(DR) affect the radiation dose and image quality.

Introduction:
To investigate the impact of different photography positions on radiation dose for
and image quality of chest DR for 3-4-year-old children.

Method:
One-hundred twenty 3-4-year-old patients who required chest DR were included. The patients
were divided into 3 groups, with 40 patients in each group: supine Anterior-Posterior Projection
(APP), standing APP and posterior-anterior projection (PAP). The Dose Area Product (DAP)
and Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) values for every patient were recorded after each exposure. The
Visual Grading Analysis Score (VGAS) was used to evaluate image quality.

Result:
The DAP and ESD values for the standing PAP and APP groups were significantly lower
than those for the supine APP group (0.19 ± 0.04 dGy cm2 and 0.05 ± 0.01 mGy vs. 0.25 ± 0.05
dGy cm2 and 0.08 ± 0.01 mGy, P<0.05, respectively). Additionally, the VGAS for the standing
APP group was significantly lower than those for the standing PAP and supine APP groups (28.58
± 0.96 vs. 29.08 ± 0.94 and 29.03 ± 0.80, P<0.05, respectively), whereas the pulmonary field area
for the standing PAP group was significantly higher than those for the standing and supine APP
groups (118.95 ± 16.81 cm2vs. 105.65 ± 14.76 cm2 and 105.24 ± 16.32 cm2, P<0.05, respectively).
However, there were no statistically significant differences in DAP, ESD, VGAS, pulmonary field
area and body mass index between the male and female patients in the three groups (P>0.05, respectively).

Conclusion:
The standing PAP should be the first projection choice for chest DR for 3-4-year-old
children; compared with the supine and standing APP, the standing PAP may improve image quality
and decrease the required radiation dose.