bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavour-selective localization in interacting lattice fermions via SU(N) symmetry breaking
Authors: Tusi Daniele , Franchi Lorenzo , Livi Lorenzo , Baumann Karla , Benedicto-Orenes Daniel , Re Lorenzo Del , Barfknecht Rafael , Zhou Tianwei , Inguscio Massimo , Cappellini Giacomo , Capone Massimo , Catani Jacopo , Fallani Leonardo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A large repulsion between particles in a quantum system can lead to their localization, as it happens for the electrons in Mott insulating materials. This paradigm has recently branched out into a new quantum state, the orbital-selective Mott insulator, where electrons in some orbitals are predicted to localize, while others remain itinerant. We provide a direct experimental realization of this phenomenon, that we extend to a more general flavour-selective localization. By using an atom-based quantum simulator, we engineer SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard models breaking their symmetry via a tunable coupling between flavours, observing an enhancement of localization and the emergence of flavour-dependent correlations. Our realization of flavour-selective Mott physics opens the path to the quantum simulation of multicomponent materials, from superconductors to topological insulators
Effect of the Properties of Cordierite Support and Catalyst Slurry on the Catalytic Degradation of Toluene by Monolith Catalyst
Authors: Liang Wenjun , Li Qinglei , Ren Sida , Yin Guobin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Monolithic catalysts are widely used in industrial catalysis. However, in the preparation of monolithic catalyst, the most important catalyst coating has the problems of low upload rate and poor uniformity. In the present work, the effects of acid treatment of carrier on the upload rate and the effects of size of slurry and dispersant on the uniformity of coating were investigated. The weight loss rate and water absorption rate of cordierite, slurry stability, coating upload rate and catalytic performance were also tested. Characterization analysis was carried out by means of BET, SEM, Zeta potential, the laser grain-size analyzer. The results showed that the optimal performance of cordierite carrier could be obtained by heating the cordierite carrier with 20% HCl for 3 h; the water absorption rate could increase for more than 48.0%, and the upload rate could reach 14.5%. Pearson test showed that there was a moderate positive correlation between water absorption rate and upload rate. It was also found that reducing the particle size of the slurry (1.47 microns) and adding 4% dispersant PAA could effectively improve the stability of the suspension and the uniformity of the coating. When 20% HCl was used to pretreat, the toluene catalytic activity of the monolith catalyst prepared by cordierite increased, in which T10 and T90 both increased for about 5 ℃. At the same time, reducing particle size and adding dispersant could also promote the catalytic degradation efficiency to a certain extent.
Exosomes From ADSCs Attenuate Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis And Oxidative Stress In Scleroderma Via Circ-Zfyve9 Delivery
Authors: Zhu Zhidong , Tang Hui , Zhu Yiqi , Wang Hao , Shen Yanyun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is autoimmune trait affecting several organs, which is identified by thickening of dermis and connective tissue affected by collagen accumulation, as well as vascular injuries inducing hypoxia. Methods: In this investigation, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were separated from the ADSC exosomes and a bleomycin-induced SSc mouse model was constructed. We employed high-throughput sequencing to study abnormal expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in SSc skin tissues with or without ADSC exosome treatment. The regulatory mechanism and targets were studied using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporting analysis, angiogenic differentiation experiments, and RT-qPCR detection. Results: ADSC exosome treatment prevented dermal thickening and fibrosis in bleomycin-induced scleroderma. In addition, circ-Zfyve9 was demonstrated to have an important function in ADSC exosome-mediated skin tissue protection. GPX4 and miR-135 were shown to be circ-Zfyve9 downstream targets. Overexpressing miR-135 or downregulating GPX4 reversed circ-Zfyve9 promotion effects rupon angiopoiesis by promoting lipidosome ROS in EPCs under hypoxic conditions. Overexpressing miR-135 or downregulating GPX4 reversed the circ-Zfyve9 inhibition effect on fibrosis in myofibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. Overexpressing circ-Zfyve9 increased the therapeutic effect of ADSC exosomes. Conclusions: Taken together, the present study results show that the exosomes from ADSCs attenuate bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis and oxidative stress in scleroderma via circ-Zfyve9 delivery.
From a “Terrifying Challenge” to a “Professional Revelation” - Implementing Motivational Interviewing through Participatory Action Research
Authors: Langlois Sophie , Goudreau Johanne 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMotivational Interviewing (MI) is a humanistic and evidence-based counseling approach within primary care. However, MI rarely translates to clinical practice that follows the usual introductory training programs; a lack of evidence regarding its implementation persists today. A participatory action research was conducted to (1) facilitate and describe the clinicians’ professional transformation through interprofessional communities of practice on motivational interviewing (ICP-MI), and (2) explore the contribution of ICP-MI in transforming their daily practices. This article addresses the first objective. MethodsData collection involved the principal investigator’s research journal, participant observation of four ICP-MIs (76 hours, 16 clinicians), and four appraisal focus groups. A general inductive approach was used for qualitative data analysis. ResultsFindings describe the four processes of MI implementation in primary care as motivational endeavors: ambivalence, introspection, experimentation, and mobilization. The clinicians were initially ambivalent with respect to MI implementation, taking into consideration the significant challenges involved. After introspecting previous practices, they realized the limits of their clinician-centered counseling approach, which consolidated their engagement in ICP-MI. Thus, the experimentation of MI implementation initiatives in the workplace followed and enabled clinicians to witness the feasibility and effectiveness of MI. Finally, the clinicians were intrinsically mobilized to ensure MI sustainability in their practices. Two categories of influencing factors were reported. Intrinsic factors included personal traits, and perception about MI as a clinical priority. Extrinsic factors related to organizational support that was crucial in providing the appropriate resources and supporting the clinicians’ implementation efforts. Results are discussed according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).ConclusionsAs described in a fragmented manner in previous studies, MI implementation processes and influencing factors are presented in our study as integrated findings; we also suggest innovative avenues for future research projects. Considerations in elaborating effective training programs are highlighted, especially when it comes to providing motivational and organizational support to succeed at MI implementation within primary care.
Development of a Non-stationary Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (NSPEI) for Drought Monitoring in a Changing Climate
Authors: Bazrafshan Javad , Cheraghalizadeh Majid , Shahgholian Kokab 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In a changing climate, drought indices as well as drought definitions need to be revisited, because some statistical properties, such as long-term mean, of climate series may change over time. The study aims to develop a Non-stationary Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (NSPEI) for reliable and robust quantification of drought characteristics in a changing environment. The proposed indicator is based on a non-stationary log-logistic probability distribution, assuming the location parameter of the distribution is a multivariable function of time and climate indices, as covariates. The optimal non-stationary model was obtained using a forward selection method in the framework of Generalized Additive Models in Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) algorithm. The Non-stationary and Stationary forms of SPEI (i.e. NSPEI and SSPEI) were calculated using the monthly precipitation and temperature data of 32 weather stations in Iran for the common period of 1964–2014. The results showed that almost at all the stations studied, the non-stationary log-logistic distributions outperformed the stationary one. Both drought indicators SSPEI and NSPEI significantly differed in terms of spatial and temporal variations of drought characteristics. While SSPEI identified the long-term and continuous drought/wet events, NSPEI revealed the short-term and frequent drought/wet periods at almost all the stations of interest. Finally, it was revealed that NSPEI, compared to SSPEI, was a more reliable and robust indicator of drought duration and drought termination in vegetation cover during the severest drought period (the 2008 drought), and therefore, was suggested as a suitable drought index to quantify drought impact on vegetation cover in Iran.
The Abnormal Distribution of Peripheral B1 Cells and Transition B Cells in Patients with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: TANG QUAN , CEN ZHIHONG , LU JING , DONG JINGWEI , QIN LIN , LU FEIYU , WU WEIFENG 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background The aberrant distribution of peripheral B cell subsets is associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the distribution of peripheral B cell subsets in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has yet to elucidated. Methods Twenty-seven idiopathic DCM patients (DCM group), 18 heart failure controls (HF group) and 21 healthy individuals (HC group) were included in this study. Peripheral B cell subsets were analyzed by multi-color flow cytometry. Level of plasma β1 cholinergic receptor (β1-AR) autoantibody was assayed by ELISA. Additionally, clinical features were also collected. Results Compared with HF and HC groups, the percentage of B1 cells were significantly decreased, whereas the percentage of transitional B cells (Tr) were significantly increased in DCM group. Notably, the percentage of B1 cells was significantly lower in patients with β1-AR autoantibody positive DCM compared with β1-AR autoantibody negative patients. Correlation analysis showed that the percentage of B1 cells was negatively correlated with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with DCM.Conclusions The study showed that B1 cells in peripheral blood of patients with idiopathic DCM were abnormally decreased, especially in those β1-AR autoantibody positive patients, while Tr cells are significantly increased, indicating that B1 cells and Tr cells may be implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic DCM.
Synthesis and Characterization of Bi2O3 NPS and Photocatalytic Application with Methylene Blue
Authors: S.A Fowziya Shaik Ali , Marzouqi Faisal Al , M Ragamathunnisa , M Ismail Fathima , R. Mohamed Jahangir A. , A Ayeshamariam , K Kaviyarasu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Nanoparticles of bismuth oxide were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal process which included Bismuth (III) nitrate (Bi(NO3)3.6H2O), sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and Nitric acid(HNO3) without further purification along with ultra-pure water. To investigate the structural, optical, and photocatalytic activity of two samples (1:5) and (1:6) respectively with two different NaOH precipitating agent molar ratios. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis’s spectrometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Photo electron Spectroscopy (XPS). Based on the obtained results the hydrothermally synthesized Bi2O3 NPs exhibit good efficiency to photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue under the irradiation of LED white light.
Rare by Natural Selection: Tunable Disulfide-bonded Supramolecular Antimicrobials Peptides
Authors: Engelberg Yizhaq , Ragonis-Bachar Peleg , Landau Meytal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Short helical antimicrobial peptides forming inter-molecular disulfide bonds are selected against in nature, and were utilized here to design switchable antimicrobials via the formation of functional supramolecular fibrils. Specifically, using the available structural information on the stable fibril-forming human LL-37(17-29), we designed cysteine mutations and demonstrated position-dependent controllable antibacterial activity, mediated by their disulfide-dependent self-assembly into ordered fibrils, which proved sensitive to reducing conditions. The crystal structure of the LL-37(17-29) bearing a I24C substitution, located in a critical structural position, revealed disulfide-bonded dimers that further assembled into a fibrillar structure of densely packed helices. The native and mutant peptides both featured a fibril surface with zigzagged hydrophobic and positively charged belts, which likely underlie interactions with bacterial membranes. Yet, they differed in their helical packing arrangement, which corresponded with different levels of activity, with only the mutant being susceptible to reducing conditions. The presented findings promise to advance the design of novel antimicrobials resistant to harsh conditions for coating of surfaces susceptible to pathogens.
Incomplete Genome Doubling Enables to Consistently Enhance Plant Growth for Maximum Biomass Production by Altering Multiple Transcript Co-Expression Networks in Potato
Authors: Zhao Kanglu , Jin Nengzhou , Madadi Meysam , Wang Youmei , Wu Lei , Xu Zhijun , Wang Jinxuan , Dong Jing , Tang Shang-wen , Wang Yanting , Peng Liangcai , Xiong Zhiyong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Polyploidization is an important approach in crop breeding for agronomic trait improvement, especially for biomass production. Cytochimera contains two or more mixed cells with different levels of ploidy, which is considered a failure in whole genome duplication. Using colchicine treatment with diploid (Dip) potato (Solanum chacoense) seedlings, this study generated tetraploid (Tet) and cytochimera (Cyt) lines, which respectively contained complete and partial cells with genome duplication. Compared to the Dip potato, we observed remarkably enhanced plant growth and biomass yields in Tet and Cyt lines. Notably, the Cyt potato straw, which was generated from incomplete genome doubling, was of significantly higher biomass yield than that of the Tet with a distinctively altered cell wall composition. Meanwhile, we observed that one layer of the tetraploid cells (about 30 %) in Cyt plants was sufficient to trigger a gene expression pattern similar to that of Tet, suggesting that the biomass dominance of Cyt may be related to the proportion of different ploidy cells. Further genome-wide analyses of co-expression networks indicated that down-regulation (against Dip) of spliceosomal-related transcripts might lead to differential alternative splicing for specifically improved agronomic traits such as plant growth, biomass yield and lignocellulose composition in Tet and Cyt plants. In addition, this work examined that the genome of Cyt line was relatively stable after years of asexual reproduction. Hence, this study has demonstrated that incomplete genome doubling is a promising strategy to maximize biomass production in potato and beyond.
Study of Separately and in Combination Impacts of Zinc-Oxide and Multiwall-Carbon-Nanotube on the Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium Nipponense De Haan, 1849), in Laboratory Condition
Authors: Tavabe Kamran Rezaei , Kuchaksaraei Bahareh Samadi , Javanmardi Sina , Sivaji Divya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) have settling behavior and accumulate in the benthic area of the aquatic ecosystems. Because of deposit-omnivorous feeding behavior of decapod crustaceans, these order species are appropriate biological models to assay NMs eco-toxicological effects. The present study evaluated the toxicity effects of ZnO and MWCNTs nanomaterials as separately and in combination on antioxidant enzymes activities, CHH hormone, hematology, reproductive performance, and hepatopancreas lesions of the Macrobrachium nipponense. The study was carried out in two stages. At the first experiment, concentrations of ZnO (0, 1, 10, 30, 50 mg/L) and MWCNTs (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L) were assayed then at the second experiment, two higher concentrations of the NMs in the first stage were compared in combined treatments. The experimental tanks (500 l RAS system) were stocked 12 females and four males during 60 days. Both NMs showed dose-dependent toxicity effects on M. nipponense reproductive parameters and especially eggs fertilization rate. Also, the results depicted that by increasing the NMs concentrations, inter-molt and inter-spawn periods were postponed so that in 50 ppm ZnO and 15 and 50 ppm MWCNTs treatments reproduction activities were stopped. The findings showed that CHH hormone release and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity have direct relations to the NMs levels independently and in combination. Also, the results demonstrated that large granular hemocyte (LGH) deal with NMs detoxification in decapod crustacean’s hemolymph mainly. The NMs did not show any effect on ALT and AST enzymes activities in muscle tissue independently, but the NMs combined effects on these enzymes activities were significant. Also, the NMs caused hepatocyte enlargement, melanization, apoptosis, and necrosis damages in the hepatopancreas. The findings showed that ZnO and MWCNTs NMs have strongly adverse effects on M. nipponense, and this species is an appropriate bio-indicator and bio-monitor organism for NMs contaminations in the freshwater aquatic environments.
Technical and economical viability of a graywater recycling system employing an integrated preliminary settlement and filtration process
Authors: ShiGuang Chen , QiuLi Chen , Yu Zhang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe collection and reuse of graywater has become an important strategy for achieving the goal of sustainable development. In this work, an integrated preliminary settlement and filtration process was developed for treating shower water which was obtained from a college bathroom toilet. The system's pollutant removal efficiency was examined for three different filter media: manganese sand, quartz sand and ceramsite. The results showed that for ceramsite, the average removal of turbidity, CODcr, NH3-N, and anionic surfactant was 93.3%, 68.6%, 78.9, and 83.5% respectively. For manganese sand, the values were 84.6%, 61.5%, 57.8 and 59%, while for quartz, they were 88.9%, 47.9%, 39.5% and 51.9%. A cost–benefit analysis revealed that the payback period of graywater recycling systems ranges from 3.16–5.30 years and benefit–cost ratios are in the range of 1.23–1.67, depending on tank size. The proposed system provides a new strategy for enhancing water-use efficiency in buildings in a more decentralized way.
Cannabinoids and Myocardial Ischemia: Novel insights, Updated
Mechanisms, and Implications for Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Seif El Dahan Karim , Machtoub Dima , Massoud Gaelle , Nasser Suzanne A. , Hamam Bassam , Kobeissy Firas , Zouein Fouad A. , Eid Ali H. 
Published: June 2021

:
Cannabis is the most widely trafficked and abused illicit drug due to its calming
psychoactive properties. It has been increasingly recognized as having potential
health benefits and relatively less adverse health effects as compared to other illicit
drugs; however, growing evidence clearly indicates that cannabis is associated with considerable
adverse cardiovascular events. Recent studies have linked cannabis use to myocardial
infarction (MI); yet, very little is known about the underlying mechanisms. A MI
is a cardiovascular disease characterized by a mismatch in the oxygen supply and demand
of the heart, resulting in ischemia and subsequent necrosis of the myocardium.
Since cannabis is increasingly being considered a risk factor for MI, there is a growing
need for better appreciating its potential health benefits and consequences. Here, we discuss
the cellular mechanisms of cannabis that lead to an increased risk of MI. We provide
a thorough and critical analysis of cannabinoids’ actions, which include modulation
of adipocyte biology, regional fat distribution, and atherosclerosis, as well as precipitation
of hemodynamic stressors relevant in the setting of a MI. By critically dissecting the
modulation of signaling pathways in multiple cell types, this paper highlights the mechanisms
through which cannabis may trigger life-threatening cardiovascular events. This
then provides a framework for future pharmacological studies which can identify targets
or develop drugs that modulate cannabis’ effects on the cardiovascular system as well as
other organ systems. Cannabis’ impact on the autonomic outflow, vascular smooth muscle
cells, myocardium, cortisol levels and other hemodynamic changes are also mechanistically
reviewed.
123I-Ioflupane SPECT and 18F-FDG PET Combined Use in the Characterization of Movement and Cognitive Associated Disorders in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Nuvoli Susanna , Tanda Giovanna , Stazza Maria L. , Palumbo Barbara , Frantellizzi Viviana , De Vincentis Giuseppe , Spanu Angela , Madeddu Giuseppe 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Both movement (MD) and cognitive (CD) disorders can occur associated
in some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease
(AD).

Objective:
We further investigated the usefulness of 123I-Ioflupane SPECT and 18F-FDG PET
combined use in patients with these disorders in the early stage.

Methods:
We retrospectively enrolled twenty-five consecutive patients with MD and CD clinical
symptoms of recent appearance. All patients had undergone neurologic examination, neuropsychological
tests, and magnetic resonance imaging. 123I-Ioflupane SPECT was performed in all cases,
followed by 18F-FDG PET two weeks later. In the two procedures, both qualitative (QL) and quantitative
(QN) image analyses were determined.

Results:
In patients with both 123I-Ioflupane SPECT and 18F-FDG PET pathologic data, associated
dopaminergic and cognitive impairments were confirmed in 56% of cases. Pathologic SPECT
with normal PET in 16% of cases could diagnose MD and exclude an associated CD, despite clinical
symptoms. On the contrary, normal SPECT with pathologic PET in 28% of cases could exclude
basal ganglia damage while confirming CD. QN 123I-Ioflupane SPECT analysis showed better performance
than QL since QN correctly characterized two cases of MD with normal QL. Moreover,
correct classification of normal metabolism was made only by QN analysis of 18F-FDG PET in
four cases, despite suspect areas of hypometabolism at QL.

Conclusion:
The combined use of these imaging procedures proved a reliable diagnostic tool to accurately
identify and characterize MD and CD in early stage. QN analysis was effective in supporting
QL evaluation, and its routine use is suggested, especially with inconclusive QL.