bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saving energy at home: Exploring the role of behavior regulation and habit
Authors: Webb Dave , Soutar Geoffrey N. , Gagné Marylène , Mazzarol Tim , Boeing Alexandra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGlobal demand for energy, environmental concerns over power generation emissions, and rising household energy costs have heightened interest in exploring ways to reduce energy consumption. Numerous approaches have been adopted, including those that build on the important recognition of consumer intentions as a predictor of behavior. However, the literature suggests intentions only moderately explain behavior. Thus, there is a case for further research to explore how the intention to behavior relationship can be strengthened. In response, this study contributes to a better understanding of how to reduce household energy consumption, by investigating the direct, and moderating effects integrated regulation and external regulation, as well as habit, have on the relationship between intention and behavior. The study draws on a large sample of household energy consumers who completed online surveys two months apart. The findings reveal a strong indirect relationship between integrated regulation and behavior through intention, and a significant, direct, and negative relationship between external regulation and behavior. While external regulation moderated the positive relationship between intentions and behavior, the moderating effects of integrated regulation and habit were not significant. Further, a direct effect for habit on behavior was found. These findings suggest regulation types play different roles in affecting consumer intentions and behavior, and support the importance of habit as a predictor of energy consumption.
Sleep medicine catalogue of knowledge and skills – Revision
Authors: Penzel Thomas , Pevernagie Dirk , Bassetti Claudio , Peigneux Philippe , Paunio Tiina , McNicholas Walter T. , Dogas Zoran , Grote Ludger , Rodenbeck Andrea , Cirignotta Fabio , d’Ortho Marie‐Pia , Nobili Lino , Paiva Teresa , Pollmächer Thomas , Riemann Dieter , Zucconi Marco , Hill Elizabeth A. , Arnardottir Erna‐Sif , Parrino Liborio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe ‘catalogue of knowledge and skills’ for sleep medicine presents the blueprint for a curriculum, a textbook, and an examination on sleep medicine. The first catalogue of knowledge and skills was presented by the European Sleep Research Society in 2014. It was developed following a formal Delphi procedure. A revised version was needed in order to incorporate changes that have occurred in the meantime in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, updates in the manual for scoring sleep and associated events, and, most important, new knowledge in sleep physiology and pathophysiology. In addition, another major change can be observed in sleep medicine: a paradigm shift in sleep medicine has taken place. Sleep medicine is no longer a small interdisciplinary field in medicine. Sleep medicine has increased in terms of recognition and importance in medical care. Consequently, major medical fields (e.g. pneumology, cardiology, neurology, psychiatry, otorhinolaryngology, paediatrics) recognise that sleep disorders become a necessity for education and for diagnostic assessment in their discipline. This paradigm change is considered in the catalogue of knowledge and skills revision by the addition of new chapters.
Solitary plasmacytoma of the maxilla: A rare case report of identification and management within an oral surgery department
Authors: Dawar Heather , Ornsby Valerie , Wall Michael 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPlasmacytoma is a rare malignant tumour originating from the plasma cells. This may present itself in the bone marrow (myelomatous) as a solitary bone plasmacytoma or in the soft tissues, as an extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary bone plasmacytomas in the head and neck region are very uncommon and initial symptoms may be non‐specific and vague. However, the risk of progression towards multiple myeloma with these conditions is high, and therefore early diagnosis is essential for positive therapy outcomes. An 81‐year‐old patient presented with a pedunculated soft tissue mass in the upper left maxilla. This demonstrated symptoms in keeping with a pyogenic granuloma; however, the rapid growth and haemorrhagic nature raised concerns. Histological examination of the maxillary soft tissue mass revealed dense plasma cell infiltrate, consistent with a solitary plasmacytoma. Extensive investigations were performed to exclude multifocal involvement. Treatment involved complete surgical excision and radiotherapy. The patient remained stable and progression free at 6‐month review. The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight this unusual oral pathology to avoid incorrect diagnosis.
Nutrition content of summative examinations within an Australian 4-year graduate entry medical course: 2013–2016
Authors: Perlstein Robyn , McLeod Janet , Bell Colin , Nowson Caryl 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundPoor nutrition is a major contributor to chronic disease, but the level of nutrition education in medical training is limited. Deakin University Medical School has been working to embed more nutrition into the curriculum since 2009.AimTo assess the nutrition content of all summative examinations in the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery over a 4-year period.MethodsThe type, amount and scope of nutrition-related questions were assessed in all summative examinations delivered to all 4-year levels from 2013 to 2016. These were assessed independently and analysed for nutrition content. The amount of nutrition was quantified, and the nutrition topic areas and nutrition competencies addressed were documented.ResultsLess than 10% of summative examination questions contained any nutrition content. For first-year and second-year students, these examinations included an average yearly total of 433 multiple choice questions (MCQs) (range 337–530) and 47 short answer questions (SAQs) (range 33–62). Third-year and fourth-year students had 150 MCQs on average per year and no SAQs. The percentage of nutrition-related questions across all 4 years ranged from 6% in 2013 to 10% in 2016. The proportion of SAQs with nutrition content ranged from 12% in 2013 to 19% in 2016. Basic nutritional sciences, accounted for 60% of nutrition content and, 25% addressed dietary strategies for prevention and treatment of disease, and skills-based nutrition competencies represented approximately 10% of all questions.Summary and conclusionsMinimal nutrition was included in the summative examinations. There did not appear to be any consistent increase in the nutrition content of MCQs over the 4-year period but there was some indication of an increase in nutrition content in SAQs. Longer term evaluation is required to confirm this trend. Only a small number of nutrition questions were skills based, most focused on basic nutritional science. Examinations included few skills-based nutrition questions, and consideration of setting a minimum level of nutrition in examinations could assist in ensuring the development of appropriate nutrition competencies in medical graduates.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for in-hospital major cardiovascular events in patients hospitalised for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Wu Chaoqun , Huo Xiqian , Liu Jiamin , Zhang Lihua , Bai Xueke , Hu Shuang , Li Xi , Lu Jiapeng , Zheng Xin , Li Jing , Zhang Haibo 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesPatients admitted to hospital with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have considerable variability in in-hospital risks, resulting in higher demands on healthcare resources. Simple risk-assessment tools are important for the identification of patients with higher risk to inform clinical decisions. However, few risk assessment tools have been built that are suitable for populations with AMI in China. We aim to develop and validate a risk prediction model, and further build a risk scoring system.DesignData from a nationally representative retrospective study was used to develop the model. Patients from a prospective study and another nationally representative retrospective study were both used for external validation.Setting161 nationally representative hospitals, and 53 and 157 other hospitals were involved in the above three studies, respectively.Participants8010 patients hospitalised for AMI were included as development sample, and 4485 and 11 223 other patients were included as validation samples in their corresponding studies.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was defined as death from any cause, recurrent AMI, or ischaemic stroke.ResultsThe proportion of in-hospital MACE was 11.7%, 8.8% and 11.4% among the development sample and two external-validation samples, respectively. Nine predictors (ie, age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction, Killip class, systolic blood pressure, creatinine, white blood cell count, heart rate and blood glucose) were independently associated with in-hospital MACE. The model performed well on both discrimination and calibration capability, with areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) curve of 0.85, 0.74 and 0.80, and calibration slopes of 0.98, 0.84 and 0.97 in the development sample and two external validation samples, respectively. A point-based risk scoring system was built with good discrimination and reclassification ability.ConclusionsA prediction model using readily available clinical parameters was developed and externally validated to estimate risks of in-hospital MACE among patients with AMI, thereby better informing decision-making in improving clinical care.
Heavy $$Z^\prime $$ bosons in the secluded $$U(1)^\prime $$ model at hadron colliders
Authors: Frank Mariana , Selbuz Levent , Turan Ismail 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe study $$Z^{\prime }$$

Z
′

phenomenology at hadron colliders in an $$U(1)^{\prime }$$

U

(
1
)

′

extended MSSM. We choose a $$U(1)^{\prime }$$

U

(
1
)

′

model with a secluded sector, where the tension between the electroweak scale and developing a large enough mass for $$Z^{\prime }$$

Z
′

is resolved by incorporating three additional singlet superfields into the model. We perform a detailed analysis of the production, followed by decays, including into supersymmetric particles, of a $$Z^{\prime }$$

Z
′

boson with mass between 4 and 5.2 TeV, with particular emphasis on its possible discovery. We select three different scenarios consistent with the latest available experimental data and relic density constraints, and concentrate on final signals with $$2\ell +\not \! \! E_{T}$$

2
ℓ
+

⧸

E
T

, $$4\ell +\not \! \! E_{T}$$

4
ℓ
+

⧸

E
T

and $$6\ell +\not \! \! E_{T}$$

6
ℓ
+

⧸

E
T

. Including the SM background from processes with two, three or four vector bosons, we show the likelihood of observing a $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

boson is not promising for the HL-LHC at 14 TeV. While at 27 and 100 TeV, the situation is more optimistic, and we devise specific benchmark scenarios which could be observed.
Validação psicométrica da Social Physique Anxiety Scale para brasileiros com amputação de membros
Authors: Ferreira Filho Roberto Gomes , Neves Angela Nogueira 
Published: May 2021

Physical-social anxiety is about the sensation of discomfort experienced when there is a real or imagined situation, in which part or the whole body is exposed to the judgment of another person. To verify the factorial structure of the Brazilian version of the Social Physique Anxiety Scale in a reference sample of amputees. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed with data obtained from a sample of 100 participants, 99% of whom were men, with an average age of 48.26 (± 18.26; max= 82; min= 15) years, and time average amputation of 76.36 (± 95.36; max= 504; min= 1) months, to determine the best fit between the one-dimensional and two-dimensional models. Construct reliability values and Conbrach's alpha test were calculated to determine evidence of reliability. For construct validity, evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was generated. Evidence of convergent validity was generated by the average extracted variance (AVE) and by the analysis of the correlation with a similar construct measure. For the discriminant validity, it was verified if there was a theoretically expected difference between two groups. The model with the best fit was the one-dimensional model after the elimination of four items (RMSEA= 0.074, χ2/df= 1.54, CFI= 1, NFI= 0.98, NNFI= 1, AGFI= 0.98, GFI= 0.99, AIC= 62.84). Evidence of internal and discriminant reliability was satisfactorily generated for the measurement model, with a caveat to convergent validity, with a low value of the extracted average variance. The scale can be used in Brazil to assess physical and social anxiety in amputees.
Outcomes of a Pharmacist-Led Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Program in an Urban Safety-Net Health System, Chicago, 2017-2019
Authors: Hunt Bijou R. , Cetrone Hollyn , Sam Sharon , Glick Nancy R. 
Published: May 2021

Objective A recommendation in March 2020 to expand hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening to all adults in the United States will likely increase the need for HCV treatment programs and guidance on how to provide this service for diverse populations. We evaluated a pharmacist-led HCV treatment program within a routine screening program in an urban safety-net health system in Chicago, Illinois. Methods We collected data on all patient treatment applications submitted from January 1, 2017, through June 30, 2019, and assessed outcomes of and patient retention in the treatment cascade. Results During the study period, 203 HCV treatment applications were submitted for 187 patients (>1 application could be submitted per patient): 49% (n = 91) were aged 55-64, 62% (n = 116) were male, 67% (n = 125) were Black, and 15% (n = 28) were Hispanic. Of the 203 HCV treatment applications, 87% (n = 176) of patients were approved for treatment, 91% (n = 161) of whom completed treatment. Of the 161 patients who completed treatment, 81% (n = 131) attended their sustained virologic response (SVR) follow-up visit, 98% (n = 129) of whom reached SVR. The largest drop in the treatment cascade was the 19% decline from receipt of treatment to SVR follow-up visit. Conclusion The pharmacist-led model for HCV treatment was effective in navigating patients through the treatment cascade and achieving SVR. Widespread implementation of pharmacist-led HCV treatment models may help to hasten progress toward 2030 HCV elimination goals.
Experiencing COVID-19 symptoms without the disease: The role of nocebo in reporting of symptoms
Authors: Daniali Hojjat , Flaten Magne Arve 
Published: May 2021

Background: A nocebo effect occurs when inactive factors lead to worsening of symptoms or reduce treatment outcomes. Believing that one is or has been infected with COVID-19 may act as a nocebo. However, not much is known about potential nocebo effects associated with the reporting of COVID-19 symptoms. Aim: An online survey investigated whether certainty of being infected with COVID-19, age, sex, cognitive, emotional and personality factors were associated with perceived severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Methods: Participants ( N=375) filled out an online survey containing 57 questions asking about symptoms resembling COVID-19, certainty of being infected with COVID-19, anxiety, stress and personality dimensions. Results: Certainty of being infected with COVID-19 and anxiety predicted 27% of the variance in reporting of COVID-like symptoms. The mediation analysis showed that both higher certainty of being infected and anxiety independently predicted increased reports of COVID-like symptom. Females had higher anxiety and stress levels, and reported more COVID-like symptoms than males did. Older age was not associated with reporting COVID-like symptoms. Conclusions: Believing to be infected with COVID-19, along with anxiety, can enhance the severity of COVID-like symptoms. Thus, the nocebo effect was due to both cognitive and emotional factors and was higher in females.
Longitudinal Imaging of Liver Cancer Using MicroCT and Nanoparticle Contrast Agents in CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Liver Cancer Mouse Model
Authors: An Sang Bu , Yang Kwangmo , Kim Chang Won , Choi Si Ho , Kim Eunji , Kim Sung Dae , Koh Jae Soo 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Micro-computed tomography with nanoparticle contrast agents may be a suitable tool for monitoring the time course of the development and progression of tumors. Here, we suggest a practical and convenient experimental method for generating and longitudinally imaging murine liver cancer models. Methods: Liver cancer was induced in 6 experimental mice by injecting clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 plasmids causing mutations in genes expressed by hepatocytes. Nanoparticle agents are captured by Kupffer cells and detected by micro-computed tomography, thereby enabling longitudinal imaging. A total of 9 mice were used for the experiment. Six mice were injected with both plasmids and contrast, 2 injected with contrast alone, and one not injected with either agent. Micro-computed tomography images were acquired every 2- up to 14-weeks after cancer induction. Results: Liver cancer was first detected by micro-computed tomography at 8 weeks. The mean value of hepatic parenchymal attenuation remained almost unchanged over time, although the standard deviation of attenuation, reflecting heterogeneous contrast enhancement of the hepatic parenchyma, increased slowly over time in all mice. Histopathologically, heterogeneous distribution and aggregation of Kupffer cells was more prominent in the experimental group than in the control group. Heterogeneous enhancement of hepatic parenchyma, which could cause image quality deterioration and image misinterpretation, was observed and could be due to variation in Kupffer cells distribution. Conclusion: Micro-computed tomography with nanoparticle contrast is useful in evaluating the induction and characteristics of liver cancer, determining appropriate size of liver cancer for testing, and confirming therapeutic response.
The Frequency of Intermittently Scanned Glucose and Diurnal Variation of Glycemic Metrics
Authors: Hansen Klavs W. , Bibby Bo M. 
Published: May 2021

Background: The relation between the frequency of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) and diurnal variation of time in range (TIR) and time below range (TBR) is unknown. Method: A total of 163 persons with type 1 diabetes who used isCGM had glucose data for 60 days downloaded. Mean TIR and median TBR were calculated for 15-minute periods and presented for daytime and nighttime. The values for tertiles of scanning frequency were compared. Results: The 1st tertile ( n = 53) of the population scanned <10 times; the 2nd tertile ( n = 56) 10-13 times, and the 3rd tertile ( n = 54) >13 per 24 hours. TIR (%, mean ± (SD)) increased significantly from the 1st to the 3rd scan tertile both during the day (43.8 ± 14.8, 52.0 ± 12.3, 62.1 ± 12.8) and the night (44.5 ± 17.3, 52.3 ± 18.5, 64.0 ± 13.9; P < .0001). In contrast, TBR (median, (IQR)) was not significantly associated with scan tertiles during daytime (3.5% (1.1-7.8), 4.4% (1.8-6.1), 3.5% (2.1-6.1); P = .85) or nighttime (3.8% (1.4-13.7), 5.0% (1.6-9.6), 5.7% (3.6-10.9); P = .24). In a multiple regression model, a 50% increase in 24-hour scanning frequency was associated with a 7.8 percentage point increase in TIR (95% CI, 5.6-10.0). Conclusions: Increased scanning frequency was associated with a higher TIR both during daytime and nighttime with no change in TBR.
High Incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Within the First 2 Months of the Season in Amateur Team Ball Sports
Authors: Mouton Caroline , Gokeler Alli , Urhausen Anouk , Nührenbörger Christian , Seil Romain 
Published: May 2021

Background: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is commonly reported as an annual incidence rate. There is relatively little information about the seasonal aspects of these injuries. The aim of the current study was to analyze the distribution of ACL injuries during the season in nonprofessional soccer, handball, and basketball based on a retrospective analysis of a hospital-based registry. Hypothesis: ACL injuries in soccer, handball, and basketball were more common within the first 2 months of the season in comparison with the rest of the year. Study Design: Case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Injury occurrence during the calendar year was divided into 6 periods of 2 months, with segment 1 (S1) representing the first 2 months of the season. For soccer, S1 corresponded to September and October. The season started 1 month later for handball and basketball, so S1 represented October and November. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the distribution of ACL injuries among segments according to gender, age, sports, and injury mechanism (contact/noncontact). Results: A total of 371 ACL injuries were included (soccer, 258, handball, 56, basketball, 57). Overall, the distribution of ACL injuries was not uniform across the segments ( P < 0.01). Almost one-third of the ACL injuries occurred in S1 (n = 104; 28%). Significant differences could be observed according to sports ( P < 0.01). There were fewer ACL injuries in S2 for soccer compared with basketball ( P < 0.05). In S5, there were significantly more ACL injuries in soccer compared with handball and basketball ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: A high occurrence of ACL injuries was reported immediately within the first 2 months of the season in nonprofessional soccer, handball, and basketball sports. Clinical Relevance: These findings indicate that ACL injury prevention programs should be started in the preseason period to allow for gradual increases of load.
Imaging features of internal maxillary artery and extracranial middle meningeal artery and their relationships on head CTA
Authors: Ji Tiefeng , Hou Kun , Li Chao , Yu Jinlu 
Published: May 2021

Background The internal maxillary artery and extracranial middle meningeal artery are vitally important. Anatomical studies of the relationship of between them using computed tomography angiography are rare. Material and methods This study assessed 75 cases involving 150 sides. And the vascular diameters and lengths of the internal maxillary artery and middle meningeal artery were measured using a GE workstation. The distance between the zygomatic arch midpoint and the internal maxillary artery, the angle between the internal maxillary artery and middle meningeal artery were measured, and the middle meningeal artery branch and internal maxillary artery aneurysm were recorded. The internal maxillary artery course classifications were recorded. All of these parameters were statistically analysed. Results Ages ranged from 18 to 72 (average 40.2) years, and there were 30 women (40%, 30/75) and 45 men (60%, 45/75). Internal maxillary artery length from its origin to middle meningeal artery origin was 1.37 ± 0.59 cm. The extracranial middle meningeal artery length was 1.79 ± 0.48 cm. The vessel diameters of internal maxillary artery origin, middle meningeal artery origin, and middle meningeal artery at the skull base were 2.93 ± 0.52 mm, 1.58 ± 0.43 mm, and 1.33 ± 0.43 mm, respectively. Among the 150 sides of internal maxillary artery course type, there were 138 superficial (92%, 138/150) and 12 (8%, 12/150) deep course cases. The angle between the internal maxillary artery and middle meningeal artery was 116.2 ± 35.76°. Conclusions The findings of this study elucidate the imaging features of the internal maxillary artery and extracranial middle meningeal artery and their relationships, which are helpful for the extracranial–intracranial bypass and endovascular treatment via the internal maxillary artery and middle meningeal artery.