bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional outcomes of single-session holmium laser enucleation of the prostate and high-intensity focused ultrasound in management of patients with prostate cancer and enlarged prostate: results from a pilot study
Authors: Delgado Jessica , Porto Joao G. , Bhatia Ansh , Raymo Adele , Blachman-Braun Ruben , Ajami Tarek , Rathinam Aravindh , Freitas Pedro F. S. , Khandekar Archan , Marcovich Robert , Parekh Dipen J. , Nahar Bruno , Shah Hemendra N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In patients with prostate cancer (PCa), focal therapy with High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) combined with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery has been used to improve immediate post-operative voiding symptoms. Our study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes of patients undergoing simultaneous holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) + HIFU and compare them to those who underwent HoLEP for bladder outlet obstruction secondary to BPH.

Methods
We performed retrospective review of patients who underwent HoLEP + HIFU or HoLEP between June 2017 and May 2024. The nearest neighbor method with age and prostate volume were used to propensity match HoLEP + HIFU patients with HoLEP only patients in a 1:2 ratio. Demographics, functional characteristics, and complications of patients who underwent HoLEP + HIFU were compared with patients undergoing only HoLEP for BPH.

Results
A total of 99 patients were analyzed, of which 33 patients underwent combined HIFU with HoLEP. Patients undergoing HIFU + HoLEP experienced higher rates of acute urinary retention (p = 0.016) and transient urinary incontinence, along with a delayed recovery of full continence, compared to those who underwent HoLEP alone. Postoperative urinary tract infection (UTI), urethral stricture, bladder neck stenosis (BNS), and continence rate were similar between the groups.

Conclusion
Patients undergoing HoLEP + HIFU seems to have a higher risk of post-operative acute urine retention and delayed recovery from transient urinary incontinence, compared to HoLEP alone. The addition of HIFU to HoLEP does not influence the rate of UTI, urethral stricture, BNS, or improvement of voiding parameters up to one year follow up.
Dietary changes following a lifestyle-based intervention for dementia risk reduction – results from the AgeWell.de study
Authors: Zülke Andrea E. , Blotenberg Iris , Luppa Melanie , Löbner Margrit , Döhring Juliane , Williamson Martin , Kosilek Robert P. , Michel Irina , Oey Anke , Brettschneider Christian , Gensichen Jochen , Czock David , Wiese Birgitt , König Hans-Helmut , Frese Thomas , Kaduszkiewicz Hanna , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Thyrian René , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We investigated the effects of a multidomain lifestyle intervention conducted in older adults at increased risk for dementia on participants’ diet.

Methods
Secondary analyses of the cluster-randomized AgeWell.de-trial, testing a multidomain intervention (optimization of nutrition and medication, enhancement of physical, social and cognitive activity) in older adults at increased dementia risk. Intervention effects on a healthy diet (composite score) and its components were analyzed using Poisson- and logistic regression analyses. Stages of behavior change (transtheoretical model), and respective changes between baseline and follow-up were analyzed using mixed regression analyses.

Results
A total of 819 individuals were analyzed (Mage = 69.0, SD = 4.9, nintervention/control group = 378/441). We observed a significant intervention effect on the healthy diet score (b = 0.06, IRR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11). Changes were particularly due to increased fruit- and vegetable consumption, while other food components were not improved by the intervention. The intervention did not induce transitions to advanced stages of behavior change regarding a healthy diet, however, participants in the control group moved to initial stages of behavior change (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.92).

Conclusion
A multidomain lifestyle intervention improved participants’ diet and maintained motivation to change in an at-risk-sample. However, only fruit- and vegetable consumption increased. Additional support might be necessary to encourage older adults to integrate new, healthier food components into their diet. Control group participants transitioned to initial stages of behavior change, stressing the need to encourage older adults to maintain a healthy diet as they age.

AgeWell.de was prospectively registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS; identifier: DRKS00013555) on December 7th, 2017
DRKS00013555
Dietary intakes of trans fatty acids before the prohibition of partially hydrogenated oils in Canada
Authors: Demonty Isabelle , Wang Kuan Chiao , Rondeau Isabelle , Martineau Chantal , Manley Lindsay , Daoust Janice , Hopperton Kathryn 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Canada’s public health objective is that ≥ 90% of the population consume <1% of total energy (< 1%En) as trans fatty acids (TFA), in line with World Health Organization recommendations. Our study aimed to estimate usual intakes of total TFA, industrially-produced TFA (i-TFA), and naturally occurring TFA (n-TFA) overall and in subgroups of the population before Canada’s 2018 prohibition on the use of partially hydrogenated oils (PHO) in foods.

Methods
Data from 1–2 24-h recalls was available for 19,670 participants in the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)—Nutrition 2015. Usual intakes of total TFA, i-TFA, n-TFA, and mixed TFA (TFA from foods containing both i-TFA and n-TFA) from all foods and beverages were generated according to the National Cancer Institute method, and weighted to represent the population of Canada aged ≥ 1 and within age, sex, income, and self-reported racial groups.

Results
For the overall population, the mean usual intake of total TFA was 1.2 g/day (SE:0.02) and represented 0.57%En (SE:0.001). All age-sex groups had mean total TFA intakes <1%En, ranging from 0.52 to 0.71%En. On average, foods containing only n-TFA provided >1/2 of total TFA intake (0.32%En, SE:0.01). The target of ≥ 90% of the population consuming <1%En as TFA had already been achieved before the PHO prohibition in all income, racial, and age-sex groups, except children 1–3 years old, with 86% within target. In that group, foods containing only n-TFA provided >2/3 of total TFA intake (0.48%En, SE:0.02).

Conclusion
Total TFA intakes in Canada before the PHO prohibition were relatively low, likely due to previous initiatives to reduce i-TFA in foods.
Novel force feedback technology improves suturing in robotic-assisted surgery: a pre-clinical study
Authors: Servais Elliot L. , Rashidi Laila , Porwal Priyanshi , Garibaldi Mark , Hung Andrew J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The inability to sense force applied to tissue is suggested as a limitation to robotic-assisted surgery (RAS). This pre-clinical study evaluated the impact of a novel force feedback (FFB) technology, integrated on a next-generation robotic system that allows surgeons to sense forces exerted at the instrument tips, on suturing performance by novice surgeons during RAS.

Methods
Twenty-nine novice surgeons (< 50 RAS cases in the last 5 years) were randomized into two groups with (n = 15) or without (n = 14) FFB sensing. Participants performed interrupted stitches on ex vivo porcine bladder and running stitches on porcine aorta (Fig. 1A) over four runs. Average forces applied, number of errors, time for exercise completion, and Robotic Anastomosis Competence Evaluation (RACE) technical skill ratings were compared using a three-way mixed-model ANOVA and applicable post hoc tests.

Results
FFB sensing significantly lowered the mean force applied (bladder, 1.71 N vs 2.40 N, p < 0.006; aorta, 1.80 N vs 2.53 N, p < 0.006), average number of errors (bladder, 0.59 vs 1.76, p < 0.001; aorta, 0.38 vs 1.14, p < 0.001), and the time to completion (bladder, 659 s vs 781 s, p = 0.002; aorta, 460 s vs 570 s, p = 0.001) (Fig. 1C). The FFB group applied less tissue trauma with a higher RACE skill score (3.75 vs 3.03, p = 0.012).

Conclusion
This study showed that novice surgeons using FFB-enabled instruments completed suturing tasks using less force, with fewer errors, taking less time, and less tissue trauma during RAS. Future studies are required to better understand the impact of FFB technology on surgical performance and potential patient benefits.
A cross-language speech model for detection of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Lim Wee Shin , Chiu Shu-I , Peng Pei-Ling , Jang Jyh-Shing Roger , Lee Sol-Hee , Lin Chin-Hsien , Kim Han-Joon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSpeech change is a biometric marker for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, evaluating speech variability across diverse languages is challenging. We aimed to develop a cross-language algorithm differentiating between PD patients and healthy controls using a Taiwanese and Korean speech data set. We recruited 299 healthy controls and 347 patients with PD from Taiwan and Korea. Participants with PD underwent smartphone-based speech recordings during the “on” phase. Each Korean participant performed various speech texts, while the Taiwanese participant read a standardized, fixed-length article. Korean short-speech (≦15 syllables) and long-speech (> 15 syllables) recordings were combined with the Taiwanese speech dataset. The merged dataset was split into a training set (controls vs. early-stage PD) and a validation set (controls vs. advanced-stage PD) to evaluate the model's effectiveness in differentiating PD patients from controls across languages based on speech length. Numerous acoustic and linguistic speech features were extracted and combined with machine learning algorithms to distinguish PD patients from controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to assess diagnostic performance. Random forest and AdaBoost classifiers showed an AUROC 0.82 for distinguishing patients with early-stage PD from controls. In the validation cohort, the random forest algorithm maintained this value (0.90) for discriminating advanced-stage PD patients. The model showed superior performance in the combined language cohort (AUROC 0.90) than either the Korean (AUROC 0.87) or Taiwanese (AUROC 0.88) cohorts individually. However, with another merged speech data set of short-speech recordings < 25 characters, the diagnostic performance to identify early-stage PD patients from controls dropped to 0.72 and showed a further limited ability to discriminate advanced-stage patients. Leveraging multifaceted speech features, including both acoustic and linguistic characteristics, could aid in distinguishing PD patients from healthy individuals, even across different languages.
Sleep disorders in functional neurological disorder - a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kannan Siddarth , Dutta Anirban , Das Abhijit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Functional neurological disorders (FND) are conditions marked by disruptions in brain network function without structural abnormalities. Sleep disturbances, though under-researched, are commonly observed in FND patients and may worsen symptoms and overall health.

Methods
This systematic review had been registered prospectively in PROSPERO with the registration number: CRD42023446306. Search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases identified 218 articles. After removing duplicates and applying exclusion criteria, 9 studies were included in the final analysis.

Results
The analysis showed a significant prevalence of sleep disorders among FND patients, with 58% reporting sleep disturbances, similar to other neuropsychiatric conditions. Studies on psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) indicated poorer subjective sleep quality and higher insomnia rates compared to epilepsy controls. Limited data on specific measures such as wake after sleep onset (WASO) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores prevented definitive conclusions.

Discussion
This review is the first systematic examination of sleep disorders in FND. The findings reveal a high prevalence of sleep disturbances, especially among PNES patients, correlating with lower quality of life and increased symptom severity. However, the heterogeneity of studies and limited reporting of specific sleep metrics weaken these conclusions. Further research is needed to investigate the direct impact of sleep quality on FND pathogenesis and management.

Conclusion
Sleep disturbances are prevalent in FND patients and can significantly affect their quality of life. Increased awareness and routine evaluation of sleep in FND patients are recommended. Future studies should explore the relationship between sleep deprivation and FND to develop targeted therapeutic interventions.
Key steps in exposure techniques for robotic total mesorectal excision (TME)
Authors: Tomada E. P. , Azevedo J. , Fernandez L. M. , Spinelli A. , Parvaiz A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aim
The use of robotic surgery is increasing significantly. Specific training is fundamental to achieve high quality and better oncological outcomes. This work defines key exposure techniques in robotic total mesorectal excision (TME). Based on a modular approach, macro- and microtractions for exposure in every step of a robotic TME are identified and described. The aim is to develop a step-by-step technical guide of the exposure techniques for a robotic TME.

Methods
Twenty-five videos of robotic rectal resections performed at Champalimaud Foundation (Lisbon, Portugal) with the Da Vinci™ Xi robotic platform were examined. Robotic TME was divided into modules and steps. Modules are essential phases of the procedure. Steps are exposure moments of each module. Tractions are classified as macro- and microtractions. Macrotraction is the grasping of a structure to expose an area of dissection. Microtraction consists in the dynamic grip of tissue to optimize macrotraction in a defined area of dissection.

Results
The procedure videos reviewed showed homogeneity concerning surgical methodology. Eight modules are outlined: abdominal cavity inspection and exposure, approach to and ligation of the inferior mesenteric vessels, medial to lateral dissection of the mesocolon, lateral colon mobilization, splenic flexure takedown, proctectomy with TME, rectal transection, and anastomosis. Each module was divided into steps, with a total of 45 steps for the entire procedure. This manuscript characterizes macrotraction and microtraction fine-tuning, detailing the large-scale macrotractions and the precision of microtractions at each step.

Conclusion
Tissue exposure techniques in robotic TME are key to precise dissection. This modular guide provides a functional system to reproduce this procedure safely; the addition of the exposure techniques could serve as a training method for robotic rectal cancer surgery.
Adsorption-biased characterization of porous solids
Authors: Kaneko Katsumi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article summarizes opening address in 9th Characterization of Porous Materials (CPM9). The role and historical sketch of main adsorption-based conferences such as Fundamentals of Adsorption (FOA), Characterization of Porous Solids (COPS), Pacific Basin Conference on Adsorption Science and Technology (PBAST), and Characterization of Porous Materials (CPM) are given. The unique role of CPM in adsorption-based characterization of porous materials is introduced in the above conferences. The concerted stimulation between innovated well-defined nanoporous materials and modernized adsorption studies supported by new theoretical and experimental approaches have given rise to quite active research activities mentioned above. The brief research activities of author’s group, which have aimed to bridge experimental and theoretical studies, are described; they have introduced in-situ X-ray diffraction, in-situ small angle X-ray scattering, high resolution adsorption measurement even from ultrahigh vacuum range, wide-temperature range in-situ IR spectroscopy for elucidation of the intermolecular structure of molecules adsorbed in nanopores. Also, future scope of the research on characterization of porous solids is proposed.
Fashionable Ethics: Exploring Ethical Perspectives in the Production, Marketing, and Consumption of Fashion
Authors: Perry Patsy , Osburg Victoria-Sophie , Huq Fahian Anisul , Diallo Mbaye Fall 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This Special Issue examines ethics in fashion to further critical understanding of the various drivers and barriers, nuances and layers of complexity in fashion production, marketing, and consumption, and aims toward a more future-oriented perspective through the lens of ethics. Research on ethical issues in fashion is growing but is fragmented across diverse domains, from supply chain and operations management, to psychology and sociology, to marketing and consumption. Furthermore, there has been only a peripheral focus on ethics and limited application of ethical theories or frameworks to fashion’s ethical dilemmas. This Special Issue brings together diverse domains and unpacks salient ethical issues using the lens of ethical theories and frameworks to advance theory development on balancing social justice with environmental responsibility, decision-making in ethical situations, and newer forms of greenwashing and consumerism. The selected papers use varied methodologies and offer novel insights across different global contexts.
Myocardial ischaemia following COVID-19: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study
Authors: Arnold J. Ranjit , Yeo Jian L. , Budgeon Charley A. , Shergill Simran , England Rachel , Shiwani Hunain , Artico Jessica , Moon James C. , Gorecka Miroslawa , Roditi Giles , Morrow Andrew , Mangion Kenneth , Shanmuganathan Mayooran , Miller Christopher A. , Chiribiri Amedeo , Alzahir Mohammed , Ramirez Sara , Lin Andrew , Swoboda Peter P. , McDiarmid Adam K. , Sykes Robert , Singh Trisha , Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara , Dawson Dana , Fontana Marianna , Manisty Charlotte , Treibel Thomas A. , Levelt Eylem , Young Robin , McConnachie Alex , Neubauer Stefan , Piechnik Stefan K. , Davies Rhodri H. , Ferreira Vanessa M. , Dweck Marc R. , Berry Colin ,   Oxford Acute Myocardial Infarction OxAMI Study Investigators,   COVID-HEART investigators, McCann Gerry P. , Greenwood John P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The pathophysiology of myocardial injury following COVID-19 remains uncertain. COVID-HEART was a prospective, multicentre study utilising cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to characterise COVID-related myocardial injury. In this pre-specified analysis, the objectives were to examine (1) the frequency of myocardial ischaemia following COVID-19, and (2) the association between ischaemia and myocardial injury. We studied 59 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and elevated serum troponin (COVID + /troponin + , age 61 ± 11 years) and 37 control subjects without COVID-19 or elevated troponin and similar by age and cardiovascular comorbidities (COVID −/comorbidity + , 64 ± 10 years). Subjects underwent multi-parametric CMR (comprising assessment of ventricular volumes, stress perfusion, T1/T2 mapping and scar). The primary endpoint was the frequency of inducible myocardial ischaemia. Inducible ischaemia was evident in 11 (19%) COVID + /troponin + patients and in 8 (22%) control subjects (p = 0.72). In COVID + /troponin + patients with ischaemia, epicardial coronary disease pattern ischaemia was present in eight patients and microvascular disease pattern, in three patients. There was no significant difference in the frequency of inducible ischaemia in COVID + /troponin + patients with previous myocardial infarction and/or revascularisation compared to those without (2/12 [17%] vs. 9/47 [19%] respectively, p = 0.84), or in those with and without scar (7/27 [26%] vs. 4/32 [13%] respectively, p = 0.19). Myocardial ischaemia was present in ~ 20% of patients recently hospitalised with COVID-19 and with elevated cardiac troponin, but this was not different to matched comorbid controls. This finding coupled with the lack of an association between ischaemia and myocardial scar suggests that coronary artery abnormalities are unlikely to be the predominant mechanism underlying COVID-19 induced myocardial injury.

Graphical abstract
DNAJB4/HLJ1 deficiency sensitizes diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis with peritumoral STAT3 activation
Authors: Luo Wei-Jia , Hsu Wei-Lun , Lu Chih-Yun , Chien Min-Hui , Chang Jung-Hsuan , Su Kang-Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnvironmental chemicals and toxins are known to impact human health and contribute to cancer developments. Among these, genotoxins induce genetic mutations critical for cancer initiation. In the liver, proliferation serves not only as a compensatory mechanism for tissue repair but also as a potential risk factor for the progression of premalignant lesions. The role of Human Liver DnaJ-Like Protein (DNAJB4/HLJ1), a stress-responsive heat shock protein 40, in genotoxin-induced liver carcinogenesis remains unexplored. Using whole-genome transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrate that HLJ1 deficiency in mice results in altered gene signatures enriched in pathways associated with chemically induced liver cancer and IL-6/STAT3 signaling activation. Employing diethylnitrosamine (DEN) as a carcinogen, we further reveal that STAT3 and H2AX phosphorylation induced by short-term DEN treatment are amplified in HLJ1-deficient mice. In long-term DEN experiments, HLJ1 deletion enhances tumor proliferation and progression, accompanied by pronounced STAT3 phosphorylation in normal tissues rather than in tumor regions. The tumor-suppressive role of peritumoral HLJ1 is validated through the transplantation of HLJ1-wildtype B16F1 and LLC cancer cell lines into syngeneic HLJ1-deficient mice, which exhibits an augmented tumorigenic phenotype compared to wildtype controls. This study uncovers a previously unrecognized role of HLJ1 in suppressing liver carcinogenesis via the downregulation of STAT3 signaling in peritumoral normal cells. These findings suggest that HLJ1 reinforcement represents a promising strategy for liver cancer treatment and prevention.
Graphical Abstract
Towards understanding and directing the nitration of cellulose
Authors: Morris Edmund , Pulham Colin R. , Morrison Carole A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nitrocellulose is industrially produced from cellulose by treatment with nitric and sulfuric acid. While sulfuric acid is known to catalyse the hydrolysis of cellulose, its effect on nitrated cellulose has not been reported before. Herein we show by gel permeation chromatography that hydrolysis of nitrocellulose derived from cotton linters over a one-week timescale reduces the length of the polymer chains via a two-stage reaction process similar to that observed for cellulose. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy images of nitrated cellulose samples originating from plant and bacterial sources are compared with highly processed nitrocellulose membranes and show a variation in morphology and an enhancement of sample crystallinity. This highlights a selective mechanism where the amorphous domains are preferentially hydrolysed over the crystalline domains, which is also common behaviour with cellulose. Overall, this work shows that the timescale for nitration exerts control over the resulting product crystallinity, morphology and polymer chain length.

Graphical abstract