bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating the dark side of agile teams: Peer pressure, leaders’ control, and the innovative output of agile teams
Authors: Khanagha Saeed , Volberda Henk W. , Alexiou Andreas , Annosi Maria Carmela 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIncreasingly, organizations have been employing self‐managing teams to circumvent bureaucratic controls and stimulate innovation. However, this goal is not easily achieved; in many situations, informal controls replace formal controls. This study develops a multi‐level perspective of control. We explicitly analyze control mechanisms at different levels of the organization and how they affect innovative team output. We theorize and empirically investigate a potential downside of horizontal social control mechanisms at the team level (i.e., peer pressure) affecting self‐managing teams’ innovative outcomes. We also discuss managerial control mechanisms at the organizational level (i.e., interactive and diagnostic management control systems) that may help to mitigate such negative effects. We theorize how they may influence the innovative output of self‐managing teams, both directly and interactively. We chose a multi‐level, multi‐source setting for our study and ran three parallel surveys with employees in a Fortune 500 firm where 248 team members, 126 internal team leaders, and 97 organizational leaders enabled us to create a unique database of 97 self‐managing software development teams. Our findings confirm that peer pressure is common among established agile teams and that it negatively influences the innovative output of the agile teams. Moreover, our findings show that the magnitude of the effect of peer pressure is contingent on control mechanisms at higher levels within the organization. This enables us to provide new theoretical insights regarding the paradoxical effect of managerial control systems when it comes to flat organizations and autonomous teams. Additionally, we provide practical guidelines for managers who increasingly adopt agile practices but at the same time face issues with regard to innovation.
COVID‐19, media coverage of bats and related Web searches: a turning point for bat conservation?
Authors: Cerri Jacopo , Mori Emiliano , Ancillotto Leonardo , Russo Danilo , Bertolino Sandro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

SARS‐CoV‐2, the virus that caused the COVID‐19 pandemic, is genomically similar to a SARS‐like beta‐coronavirus found in Asian rhinolophid bats. This evolutionary relationship impressed the global media, which then emphasised bats as key actors in the spillover that resulted in the pandemic. In this study, we highlight changes in the traditional and new media coverage of bats and in Internet search volumes that occurred since the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020.

We analysed Google and Wikipedia searches for bats and coronaviruses in 21 countries and eight languages, as well as television broadcasts in the USA, some of which have global coverage, between January 2016 and December 2020. In January 2020, the amount of television news about bats boomed, and news associated with the term ‘bat’ shifted to COVID‐19‐related topics. A nearly identical pattern was observed in Google searches during 2020 at the global scale. The daily time series of television coverage and Internet search volumes on bats and coronavirus in the USA covaried in the first quarter of 2020, in line with the existence of a media bubble. Time‐series analysis revealed that both the Google Trends index and visits to Wikipedia pages about bats boomed in early 2020, despite the fact that this time of year is usually characterised by low search volumes.

Media coverage emphasised, correctly or not, the role of bats in the COVID‐19 pandemic and amplified public interest in bats worldwide. The public image of these mammals, in many cases threatened and important ecosystem service providers, was seriously compromised. We therefore recommend that policymakers and journalists prioritise scientifically accurate communication campaigns about bats, which would help counteract the surge in bat persecution, and leverage interest towards positive human–bat interactions.
A 3D reconstruction method for buildings based on monocular vision
Authors: Xu Boqiang , Liu Chao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology based on computer vision has greatly facilitated damage inspection and assessment and construction monitoring of civil engineering. However, there are several problems in its implementation. A new method of 3D reconstruction is hereby proposed in this paper regarding the geometrical characteristics of pictures of buildings. An algorithm can normalize the 3D‐reconstructed point cloud model so that its length, width, and height are parallel to the coordinate axis of the world coordinate system, and the absolute scale of the point cloud model can be obtained. Compared with the traditional one, this methodology can maintain better accuracy. This paper establishes the theoretical framework of the methodology, and steps for implementation are given by using digital image processing technology. After analyzing the results of a field experiment, it has been proven that this methodology can make the best use of the geometric features and improve the efficiency of the traditional reconstruction algorithm and therefore result in high accuracy.
Distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes tick populations in Northern Germany, co‐infections with Rickettsiales and assessment of potential influencing factors
Authors: Knoll S. , Springer A. , Hauck D. , Schunack B. , Pachnicke S. , Fingerle V. , Strube C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo determine Borrelia spp. (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) prevalence and species distribution in Northern Germany, Ixodes ticks were sampled from April to October in 2018 and 2019 by the flagging method at three locations each in five regions. Analysis by quantitative real‐time PCR of 3150 individual ticks revealed an overall prevalence of 30.6%, without significant differences between tick stages (31.7% positive adults, 28.6% positive nymphs). Significant differences were observed in seasonal infection rates, but not between regions, landscape types or sampling years. Analysis of co‐infections with Rickettsiales indicated a negative association between Borrelia and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. The most frequent Borrelia species differentiated by Reverse Line Blot were B. afzelii and B. garinii/B. bavariensis, followed by B. valaisiana, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. spielmanii and B. lusitaniae. Furthermore, B. miyamotoi was identified in 12.9% of differentiable samples. No effect of region nor landscape type on species composition was found, but significant variations in the distribution at the different sampling sites within a region were observed. The detected monthly fluctuations in prevalence and the differences in intra‐regional Borrelia species distribution underline the importance of long‐term and multi‐location monitoring of Borrelia spp. in ticks as an essential part of public health assessment.
Surfactin induces autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in human oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Vo Thi Thuy Tien , Wee Yinshen , Cheng Hsin‐Chung , Wu Ching‐Zong , Chen Yuh‐Lien , Tuan Vo Phuoc , Liu Ju‐Fang , Lin Wei‐Ning , Lee I‐Ta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of surfactin on human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Materials and MethodsThe capacity of surfactin to induce apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest of two different human OSCC cell lines was investigated by cell viability, acridine orange staining, and cell cycle regulatory protein expression, respectively. The signaling network underlying these processes were determined by the analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐related protein levels, calcium release, mitogen‐activated protein kinases activation, and cell cycle regulatory protein expression through corresponding reagents and experiments under various experimental conditions using specific pharmaceutical inhibitors or small interfering RNAs.ResultsSurfactin was able to induce apoptosis through NADPH oxidase/ROS/ER stress/calcium‐downregulated extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1/2 pathway. Surfactin could also lead to autophagy that shared the common regulatory signals with apoptosis pathway until calcium node. Cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase caused by surfactin was demonstrated through p53 and p21 accumulation combined p34cdc2, phosphorylated p34cdc2, and cyclin B1 inhibition, which was regulated by NADPH oxidase‐derived ROS.ConclusionSurfactin could induce apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest in ROS‐dependent manner, suggesting a multifaced anticancer agent for OSCC.
Maxillary osteomyelitis induced by rhinosinusal mucormycosis in a tropical country
Authors: Pulino Bianca de F. B. , Guerra Raphael C. , dos Santos Déborah L. , Faverani Leonardo P. , Hochul‐Vieira Eduardo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMucormycosis is an opportunistic, and frequently lethal, fungal infection that occurs in patients with immunocompromised states, such as diabetes mellitus. This infection invades not only the paranasal sinuses, but also the maxillae, zygoma, and rhinocerebral structures, which results in massive destruction of the facial skeleton and soft tissue. It progresses in patients with underlying comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, haematologic malignancy, cerebral malignancy, renal failure, and systemic immunosuppression. Most cases occur in tropical countries. The relationship between mucormycosis and these underlying conditions has been widely discussed in the literature. This study sought to report the case of a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma and mucormycosis in the maxilla, who was successfully treated with surgery and isavuconazonium sulfate (Cresemba).
Contributions of the international plant science community to the fight against human infectious diseases – part 1: epidemic and pandemic diseases
Authors: Lobato Gómez Maria , Huang Xin , Alvarez Derry , He Wenshu , Baysal Can , Zhu Changfu , Armario‐Najera Victoria , Blanco Perera Amaya , Cerda Bennasser Pedro , Saba‐Mayoral Andera , Sobrino‐Mengual Guillermo , Vargheese Ashwin , Abranches Rita , Abreu Isabel Alexandra , Balamurugan Shanmugaraj , Bock Ralph , Buyel Johannes.F. , da Cunha Nicolau B. , Daniell Henry , Faller Roland , Folgado André , Gowtham Iyappan , Häkkinen Suvi T. , Kumar Shashi , Ramalingam Sathish Kumar , Lacorte Cristiano , Lomonossoff George P. , Luís Ines M. , Ma Julian K.‐C. , McDonald Karen. A. , Murad Andre , Nandi Somen , O’Keefe Barry , Oksman‐Caldentey Kirsi‐Marja , Parthiban Subramanian , Paul Mathew J. , Ponndorf Daniel , Rech Elibio , Rodrigues Julio C. M. , Ruf Stephanie , Schillberg Stefan , Schwestka Jennifer , Shah Priya S. , Singh Rahul , Stoger Eva , Twyman Richard M. , Varghese Inchakalody P. , Vianna Giovanni R. , Webster Gina , Wilbers Ruud H. P. , Capell Teresa , Christou Paul 
Published: June 2021

SummaryInfectious diseases, also known as transmissible or communicable diseases, are caused by pathogens or parasites that spread in communities by direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated materials, through droplets and aerosols, or via vectors such as insects. Such diseases cause ˜17% of all human deaths and their management and control places an immense burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Traditional approaches for the prevention and control of infectious diseases include vaccination programmes, hygiene measures and drugs that suppress the pathogen, treat the disease symptoms or attenuate aggressive reactions of the host immune system. The provision of vaccines and biologic drugs such as antibodies is hampered by the high cost and limited scalability of traditional manufacturing platforms based on microbial and animal cells, particularly in developing countries where infectious diseases are prevalent and poorly controlled. Molecular farming, which uses plants for protein expression, is a promising strategy to address the drawbacks of current manufacturing platforms. In this review article, we consider the potential of molecular farming to address healthcare demands for the most prevalent and important epidemic and pandemic diseases, focussing on recent outbreaks of high‐mortality coronavirus infections and diseases that disproportionately affect the developing world.
Urban segregation and consumption inequality: Does hukou conversion matter in China?
Authors: Wen Le , Paudel Krishna P. , Chen Youhua , He Qinying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper develops a simple theoretical model and offers empirical evidence of urban segregation on consumption inequality between rural‐to‐urban migrants and urban residents. Our analyses are based on the 2007 China Household Income Project (CHIP) and the 2017 China Migrants Dynamics Survey (CMDS) data. Results obtained from propensity score matching and 2SLS methods show that urban segregation caused by the hukou system leads to significant consumption inequality between rural‐to‐urban migrants and urban residents. Hukou conversion matters for improving migrants’ consumption, but when or how hukou was transferred makes little difference. Besides, we find that the disparity in consumption between rural‐to‐urban migrants and urban residents is more prominent in the higher‐income group or in cities with stricter restrictions on hukou conversion. Finally, our results are robust to a series of sensitivity checks.
Abiotic and biotic processes controlling travertine deposition: Insights from eight hot springs in Japan
Authors: Shiraishi Fumito , Hanzawa Yusaku , Nakamura Yuki , Eno Yuki , Morikawa Asayo , de Mattos Rafael França , Asada Jiro , Cury Leonardo Fadel , Bahniuk Anelize Manuela 
Published: June 2021

AbstractContributions of abiotic and biotic processes on travertine deposition are still not well‐understood due to technical difficulties, despite that the travertines draw attention as analogues for ancient microbial carbonates and oil reservoirs. To evaluate their contributions, this study examined eight hot springs in Japan. Water chemistry analyses showed common downstream trends: a decrease in CO2 concentration and increases in CO32− concentration and pH. Mineralogical analysis showed that the constituent minerals of travertines at six hot springs were both calcite and aragonite, while one was just calcite and another only aragonite. Microscopic observations of travertine surfaces indicated the dominance of cyanobacteria secreting extracellular polymeric substances without a detectable amount of carboxyl groups. Small particles were sometimes entangled/covered by these cyanobacteria. Microelectrode measurements showed the occurrence of abiotic CaCO3 precipitation and photosynthetic induction/inhibition of CaCO3 precipitation, the extent of which was different at each site. By integrating these results, the contributions of abiotic and biotic processes were evaluated. Cyanobacteria inhabiting travertine surfaces were generally not calcified regardless of an ambient high CaCO3 saturation state; instead, they contributed to creating pore spaces and trap/bind suspended particles. Downstream CO2 degassing increased the CaCO3 saturation state by shifting carbonate chemical equilibrium and caused abiotic CaCO3 precipitation. Suspended particles trapped by cyanobacteria increased the surface area for crystal growth to further accelerate precipitation. The contribution of photosynthesis‐induced CaCO3 precipitation was low because of several factors, including variable cyanobacteria populations and photosynthetic inhibition of CaCO3 precipitation. The average contributions of photosynthesis‐induced CaCO3 precipitation, Ca2+ adsorption and abiotic precipitation in the eight hot springs were 16%, 3% and 81%, respectively, indicating predominance of the abiotic process for travertine deposition. Mineralogical composition of travertines significantly correlated with concentrations of SO42− and Mg2+, much more than with Mg/Ca ratio and water temperature, suggesting their importance for controlling CaCO3 polymorphs in travertines.
The role of labor market institutions in the impact of immigration on wages and employment*
Authors: Foged Mette , Hasager Linea , Yasenov Vasil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe collect 1,030 previously estimated wage effects and 432 employment effects of immigration, and we document that the mean and median effects on the relative wage are negative and significantly different from the small positive mean and median effects on the average wage. The pattern is reversed for employment effects where the magnitudes are also smaller. Combining the effect sizes with measures of labor market institutions, we find that institutions might shield native workers from relative wage consequences but reduce the average wage effect of immigration. We do not detect a significant and robust association for the employment effects.
Perceived Implications of Non-Compliance with Safety Practices in Construction Projects: Construction Professionals’ Awareness Level
Authors: Aina Ijaola Irewolede , Hezekiah Omolayo Olatunbosun , Omorinsola Akerele Adebimpe , Faith Osas Ehigiator , Ayobami Sonibare Samuel 
Published: June 2021

Despite the numerous implications of non-compliance with safety practices in construction projects, there are still reports of a low level of compliance with safety rules on construction sites. The study seeks to investigate the awareness level on the implications of non-compliance with safety practices among professionals in construction projects. From the existing literature, two major types of implications namely; direct and indirect cost implications of non-compliance with safety rule were investigated. Questionnaires were used to elicit information from respondents. A hypothesis that examines the differences in the level of awareness on the implications of non-compliance with safety practices among construction professionals was postulated. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test the hypothesis. The findings show that the awareness level on the implications of non-compliance with safety practice among each professional is high and that there are significant differences in the level of awareness on six implications of non-compliance with safety practices; ‘physical injury/fatality to persons’, ‘workmen’s compensation’, ‘liability insurance premiums, ‘low morale of supervisors and workers’, ‘costs of delay’ and ‘time of cost’. The study concludes that professionals are aware of the implications of non-compliance with safety practices and their professional background affects the awareness level of six of the implications of non-compliance with safety practices. The study contributes to knowledge by identifying the six implications of non-compliance with safety practices where disparity exists in the awareness level among construction professionals. In cases where disparity exists in the awareness level among professionals, construction firms should adopt group discussion as a means of sensitization to increase awareness levels.
Analytical Modeling of Shear Localization in Orthogonal Cutting Processes
Authors: Fazlali Mohammadreza , Ponga Mauricio , Jin Xiaoliang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an analytical thermo-mechanical model of shear localization and shear band formation in orthogonal cutting of high-strength metallic alloys. The deformation process of the workpiece material includes three stages: homogeneous deformation, shear localization, and chip segmentation. A boundary layer analysis is used to analytically predict the temperature, stress, and strain rate variations in the primary shear zone associated with the shear localization. The predictions of shear band spacing and width from the proposed model are verified by experimental characterization of the chip morphology. The rolling of shear bands on the tool rake face is discussed from the experimental observations. The cutting tool temperature, which is influenced by the heat generated during the shear band formation, is simulated and compared with finite element simulations. The proposed analytical model reveals the fundamental mechanism of the complete shear localization process in orthogonal cutting and predicts the stress and temperature variations with high computational efficiency.
Comparative Study on H20 Steel Billets: Additive Manufacturing vs. Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Nasar S. , Baruch L. J. , Vijay S. J. , Srinivas C. K. , Jose J. , Popov V. V. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing is one of the revolutionizing technologies of modern manufacturing industry. This technology has time and again proved that any material can be fabricated by it if the right parameters are employed. Other technologies such as powder metallurgy are also dominating the manufacturing industries owing to its potential flexibility in manufacturing complex shapes. In this work, an attempt has been made to fabricate cylindrical components through both the techniques, and their properties are compared. A study on metallurgical properties revealed that both provide similar microstructures, but powder metallurgy yielded better mechanical properties. It has been also observed that the tribological properties are better in additive manufactured components. The reason for this behavior has been studied and discussed.
Pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in children and adolescents treated for tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Ruslami Rovina , Gafar Fajri , Yunivita Vycke , Parwati Ida , Ganiem Ahmad R , Aarnoutse Rob E , Wilffert Bob , Alffenaar Jan-Willem C , Nataprawira Heda M 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in children and adolescents with tuberculous meningitis (TBM).DesignProspective observational pharmacokinetic study with an exploratory pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis.SettingHasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.PatientsIndividuals aged 0–18 years clinically diagnosed with TBM and receiving first-line anti-tuberculosis drug dosages according to revised WHO-recommended treatment guidelines.InterventionsPlasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide were assessed on days 2 and 10 of treatment.Main outcome measuresPlasma exposures during the daily dosing interval (AUC0–24), peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) and CSF concentrations.ResultsAmong 20 eligible patients, geometric mean AUC0–24 of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide was 18.5, 66.9 and 315.5 hour∙mg/L on day 2; and 14.5, 71.8 and 328.4 hour∙mg/L on day 10, respectively. Large interindividual variabilities were observed in AUC0–24 and Cmax of all drugs. All patients had suboptimal rifampicin AUC0–24 for TBM treatment indication and very low rifampicin CSF concentrations. Four patients developed grade 2–3 drug-induced liver injury (DILI) within the first 4 weeks of treatment, in whom anti-tuberculosis drugs were temporarily stopped, and no DILI recurred after reintroduction of rifampicin and isoniazid. AUC0–24 of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide along with Cmax of isoniazid and pyrazinamide on day 10 were higher in patients who developed DILI than those without DILI (p<0.05).ConclusionHigher rifampicin doses are strongly warranted in treatment of children and adolescents with TBM. The association between higher plasma concentrations of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide and the development of DILI needs confirmatory studies.