bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of preoperative vitamin D values on hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy
Authors: Mahdi Qanbar Manar , Soylu Selen , Teksöz Serkan 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Hypocalcemia is a common complication following thyroidectomy. Vitamin D plays a critical role in calcium regulation. This study aimed to investigate the relation between preoperative vitamin D levels and postoperative hypocalcemia.
Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 899 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at our center between 2015 and 2020 due to multinodular goiter, atypia of undetermined significance, follicular lesions, and follicular neoplasia. Patients were excluded if they had a history of thyroid surgery, Graves’ disease, renal failure, incidental parathyroidectomy, or received calcium or vitamin D supplementation before surgery. The patients were divided into two groups based on their preoperative vitamin D levels: Group 1 (n= 240) with levels <10 ng/mL, and Group 2 (n= 659) with levels ≥10 ng/mL. Demographic characteristics and pre- and postoperative laboratory values were compared between the groups.
Results: The female-to-male ratio was 3.22, with an average vitamin D level of 18.94 ± 13.28 ng/mL. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in women compared to men (p= 0.001). In Group 1, the rates of asymptomatic and symptomatic postoperative hypocalcemia were 17.1% and 6.7%, respectively; while in Group 2, these rates were 11.2% and 3.2% (p= 0.020). The average preoperative vitamin D level was 14.79 ± 9.4 ng/mL in patients who developed hypocalcemia and 19.12 ± 13.4 ng/mL in those who remained normocalcemic, with this difference being statistically significant (p= 0.026).
Conclusion: In our study, we found that preoperative vitamin D level below 10 ng/mL is associated with increased risk of hypocalcemia following thyroidectomy.
The clinical presentation of Meckel’s diverticulum: Eight years experience
Authors: Jarboa Lutfi , Zarour Ahmad , Mustafa Sherif , Dawdi Salahaldeen , Suliman Idress , Gutti Tejeswe , Mansor Salah , Said Ghali Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Meckel’s diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. It is commonly encountered during surgical practice as the cause of the patient’s presentation or as an incidental finding during other unrelated procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of Meckel’s diverticulum in our clinical practice and to provide an adequate level of knowledge of the clinical and diagnostic features and the management of Meckel’s diverticulum.
Material and Methods: We analyzed the medical records of all cases who were diagnosed with Meckel’s diverticulum at our hospital for over eight years. Age, sex, presentation, diagnostic procedures, surgical techniques, and histopathology were reviewed and analyzed.
Results: A total of 104 patients were enrolled in our study. Mean age was 28.8 years, with male predominance in 92 (88.5%) patients. Symptomatic Meckel’s diverticulum was detected in 80 (77%) patients and in 24 (23%) incidental findings. The most common emergency presentation was abdominal pain with 34 patients (42.5%), then intestinal obstruction with 20 patients (25%), bleeding per rectum with 12 patients (15%), acute abdomen with nine patients (11.3%), and intussusception with five patients (6.2%). Mean length of the Meckel’s diverticulum was 4.3 centimeters. Small bowel resection was performed in 41 (45.1%) cases, stapled resection in 44 (48.3%), and ligated Meckel’s base in 6 (6.4%). Ectopic gastric mucosa was the most common finding in histopathology in 30 (28.8%) patients.
Conclusion: Our study supports that the longer Meckel’s diverticulum is, the more prone it is to developing complications, and stapler resection and small bowel resection are considered safe techniques, as well as resection of incidental Meckel’s diverticulum, which does not increase the risk of morbidity.
Surgical results of liver metastases of tumors other than colorectal-neuroendocrine: Is it really worth it or is it necessary?
Authors: Aksoy Fuat , Gökçe Erhan , Anıl Balkan Eyüp , Dündar Halit Ziya , Kaya Ekrem 
Published: December 2024

Objective: It is known that surgical treatment is advantageous in terms of efficacy and survival in colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases. Our aim in this study was to determine the results of surgical treatment of non-colorectal (NCR), non-neuroendocrine tumor (NNET) liver metastases (LM).
Material and Methods: A total of 125 patients having NCR and NNET were included in the study. Demographic characteristics of the patients, histological features of the tumor, time from resection of the primary tumor to the first diagnosis of liver metastases, synchronous and metachronous presentations of hepatic metastases with primary malignancy, type of resection, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and survival were analyzed retrosepctively.
Results: Median follow-up time was 21 (1-132) months. Mean overall survival (OS) and mean proression free survival (PFS) were 29.86 ± 2.4 and 21.23 ± 2.1 months respectively. Most of the cases were LM of breast (n= 33, 26.4%), gastric (n= 25, 20.0%) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) (n= 16, 12.8%). Interval from resection of primary tumor to the diagnosis of LM was 20.90 ± 28.9 (0-144) months. OS and DFS rates were found respectively as; 78% and 69% at one year, 45% and 38% at three years, 32% and 21% at five years and 3.2% and 1.6% at 10 years. Breast cancer liver metastases had the longest OS and PFS. Pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer group significantly have shorter OS than the other groups.
Conclusion: According to our data, the results are better in breast and GIST liver metastases, and the place of surgical treatment in pancreatic and malignant melanoma liver metastases is controversial.
Comparative outcomes of blunt and penetrating diaphragmatic ruptures: A single trauma center study
Authors: Yıldırak Muhammed Kadir , Özpek Adnan , Şeyda Ülgür Hanife , Gedik Mert , Sertkaya Enes , Kırkan Emre Furkan , Ezberci Fikret , Tolan Hüseyin Kerem , Yücel Metin , İslam Mehmet Muzaffer 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Diaphragma rupture is an insidious case following thoracoabdominal trauma with significant morbidity and mortality rates, if left untreated. Its symptoms might be masked by other associated injuries, which are often present, especially following blunt trauma. Modern imaging modalities might overlook a present diaphragmatic rupture. The real challenge, therefore, lies in diagnosis rather than treatment. To shed more light on this entity, we shared our experience in this regard.
Material and Methods: A total of 51 patients were enrolled in the study between January, 2008 and October, 2023, with a diagnosis of diaphragma rupture. Two groups were created, namely patients with blunt trauma (PwBT) and patients with penetrating trauma (PwPT). They were evaluated in terms of demographics, clinical and laboratory findings, trauma associated variables, mechanism of injury, accompanying injuries, imaging results, operative approaches and mortality rates.
Results: Mean age was 26 (22-33). 21.6% of the patients had blunt trauma. PwBT had significantly more extraabdominal site injuries and additional abdominal organ injuries (p< 0.05). Glasgow coma scale and calculated revised trauma score values were significantly lower and injury severity scores values were significantly higher in PwBT (p< 0.05). Significant thorax trauma accompanied 81.8% of PwBT and 40% of PwPT. Mortality was observed in 11.8% of the patients, with hemodynamic instability being the leading cause of death.
Conclusion: A trauma surgeon must exercise great caution not to overlook a diaphragma rupture following, especially, blunt thoracoabdominal trauma since it is both a consequence and reason of significantly increased mortality and morbidity rates. Future studies should focus on various aspects of both diagnosis and management of this entity, such as increasing the preoperative diagnosis accuracy and requirement of mesh usage during defect closure and optimal approach to especially right sided penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries.
El Libro de memorias de Artieda (1484-1499). Fuentes para el estudio del Pilar de Zaragoza
Authors: Ester Casorrán Berges  
Published: December 2024

Resumen

El Libro de memorias de Artieda aporta información fundamental para el estudio del Pilar de Zaragoza en las postrimerías del s. XV, desde su organización interna, su administración económica y sus relaciones institucionales, hasta diversos aspectos relativos a sus funciones cultuales, devocionales y litúrgicas. Además, encontramos noticias referentes a obras escultóricas y arquitectónicas llevadas a cabo en la iglesia entre 1484 y 1499 y diversas donaciones, compras y reparaciones de ornamentos, plata y demás ajuar litúrgico. También resulta extraordinariamente interesante para tomar el pulso de la sociedad de la época, pues narra episodios tan relevantes como el asesinato de San Pedro Arbués, la toma de Granada y otros sucesos acaecidos en su tiempo.

Palabras clave: Catedral-Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Pilar, Zaragoza, siglo XV, patrimonio artístico, historia.

Abstract

The Artieda’s book of memoirs (Libro de memorias de Artieda) provides vital information for the study of el Pilar of Zaragoza in the last period of the 15th century, from its internal organisation, economic administration and institutional relations, to various aspects related to the cultural, devotional and liturgic activities. Furthermore, news about sculptural and architectural works carried out by the church between 1484 and 1499 can be found, as well as donations, purchases and reparation of ornaments, silver and other liturgical regalia. It is also extraordinarily interesting to get a feel for the society of the time, as it narrates relevant episodes such as the murder of San Pedro Arbués, the taking of Granada and other events that took place in their time.

Keywords: Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar, Zaragoza, 15th century, artistic heritage, history.
Determinants of growth differentiation factor 15 plasma levels in outpatients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Skau Emma , Wagner Philippe , Leppert Jerzy , Ärnlöv Johan , Hedberg Pär 
Published: December 2024

Background: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a robust prognostic biomarker in patients with cardiovascular (CV) disease, and a better understanding of its clinical determinants is desirable. We aimed to study the associations between GDF-15 levels and traditional CV risk factors, indicators of atherosclerotic burden, and cardiac geometry and dysfunction in outpatients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
Methods: An explorative cross-sectional study (Study of Atherosclerosis in Vastmanland, Västerås, Sweden) included 439 outpatients with carotid or lower extremity PAD. The mean age was 70 years (standard deviation [SD] 7), and 59% of the patients were men. Plasma levels of GDF-15 were obtained along with potential determinants, including medical history, biochemical data, echocardiographic measures of cardiac geometry and function, ankle-brachial index (ABI), and carotid ultrasonographic data on intima-media thickness (IMT) and occurrence of carotid stenosis. The relations between GDF-15 concentrations (transformed with the natural logarithm) and the different determinants were evaluated using uni- and multivariable linear regression models. All pre-specified variables were included in the multivariable models.
Results: The multivariable analysis identified independent relations of GDF-15 with several of the included variables (adjusted R2 = 0.48). Diabetes (beta coefficient [β] of 0.37, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.25 to 0.50), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (β = −0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.34 to −0.09), and physical activity (β = −0.16, 95% CI: −0.25 to −0.06) had the strongest associations. In contrast, no significant independent associations with GDF-15 level were observed for cardiac geometry and function, ABI, IMT, or carotid stenosis.
Conclusions: Circulating GDF-15 is more strongly associated with traditional CV risk factors, especially diabetes, LDL cholesterol, and physical activity than with specific indicators of atherosclerotic burden or cardiac dysfunction. To better understand the pathophysiological role of GDF-15 and its link to clinical outcomes in patients with PAD, future studies should focus on the metabolic processes involved in atherosclerotic disease.
Prodrug Design and Development
Authors: Miss. Hrutuja Ramesh Sawarkar  , Shruti Wankhade  , Akhil Maske  
Published: December 2024

Prodrugs represent an innovative strategy in pharmacology for overcoming delivery and targeting challenges associated with active drugs. By modifying chemical structures to create bioreversible derivatives, prodrugs improve bioavailability, reduce toxicity, and enable tissue-specific targeting. This project provides a detailed examination of prodrug classifications, bioactivation mechanisms, intricate design strategies, and the latest research advances in prodrug technologies, such as gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) and nanotechnology-driven systems.	Furthermore, it covers the molecular dynamics underlying prodrug stability, activation, and clinical applications, offering a visionary perspective on the future of precision medicine
Influence of thermal treatment on the wear resistance of autempered ductile iron – a review
Authors: Abimbola Samson IDOWU  , Benjamin O. ADEWUYI  , Davies Oladayo. FOLORUNSO  , Akeem Damilola AKINWEKOMI  , Bayode Benson ADEYANJU  
Published: December 2024

The wear resistance of ductile iron can be significantly influenced by thermal treatment methods, which alter its microstructure and mechanical properties. This paper review investigates the effects of three distinct thermal treatments—Austenitizing, Austempering, and Cryogenic treatment—on the wear resistance of ductile iron. Austenitizing involves heating the material to 900°C in a salt bath, facilitating the formation of austenite, which provides a uniform matrix for subsequent treatments. Austempering, achieved through rapid isothermal quenching in a salt mixture of potassium nitrate (KNO?) and sodium nitrate (NaNO?), promotes the development of bainitic structures known for their enhanced toughness and wear performance. Cryogenic treatment, conducted at sub-ambient temperatures (-170°C), refines the microstructure by reducing retained austenite and enhancing martensitic transformation, resulting in increased hardness. Microstructural analysis revealed significant transformations in graphite morphology and matrix phases after thermal treatments. Austenitizing prepared the microstructure for uniform transformation during austempering and cryogenic processing. Austempered samples exhibited superior wear resistance due to the presence of fine bainite and retained austenite, which provided an optimal balance between hardness and toughness. Cryogenic treatment further improves wear performance by enhancing hardness and dimensional stability, although excessive brittleness is a trade-off. Wear tests under abrasive and sliding conditions showes that austempering results in the best wear resistance, followed by cryogenic treatment, with austenitizing providing moderate improvement over untreated ductile iron. The findings highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate thermal treatment based on the desired combination of wear resistance, toughness, and application-specific requirements. This study underscores the potential of advanced thermal treatments to enhance the performance of ductile iron in demanding applications such as automotive, mining, and industrial machinery. Future research should explore the synergistic effects of alloying and thermal treatments to further optimize the material's wear resistance.
Keywords: Ductile Iron, Thermal Treatment, Austenitizing, Austempering, Cryogenic Treatment, Bainite, Retained Austenite, Hardness, Wear Resistance, Microstructure.
Effect of Teacher’s Quality on Academic Performance of Pupils in Private Secondary Schools in Hargeisa District, Somaliland
Authors: Aden Ahmed , Ajibola Akeem 
Published: December 2024

This study was investigating the effect of teacher’s quality on academic performance of pupils in private secondary schools in Hargeisa districts; Teacher qualifications were operationalized as pedagogical processes, knowledge of subject of matter and teacher’s attitudes.The study a risen issue from declined performance of pupils were well demonstrated in study. An increasing the failure of students in recently years from 2018-2022; there was an increase of 6.1% in “D” grades which that reflect an increase of failure students in private secondary schools. Therefore; in this study investigated how take part or effect teacher’s quality on academic performance of pupils in private secondary schools in Hargeisa districts. In additionally the research design was used in this study was a cross-sectional study because it was quick and relatively simple to conducted, also the sample sized collected from information were sample of 169 teacher includes principles and sample of 80 student’s record mid-term examination from private secondary schools in Hargeisa districts. In this study found that; teacher qualification; F( 2,166 )= 3.06;P = 0.00, Pedagogical process; F (2, 166) =3.06 ;P=.002, Knowledge of subject matter; F( 2,166) =3.06, P = 0.002 and teacher’s attitude; F (2, 166) = 3.06; P = 0.001.Such that in those factors are statistical significance which that mean they affect the academic performance of pupils in private secondary schools in Hargeisa districts. By identifying and understanding the key factors influencing on academic performance of pupils in private secondary schools in Hargeisa.In particularly those factors teacher qualifications pedagogical processes, knowledge of subject of matter and teacher’s attitudes.
Hydrogen, Chronology and Electrochemical Production
Authors: Laghlimi Charaf , Moutcine Abdelaziz , Ziat Younes , Belkhanchi Hamza , Koufi Ayoub , Bouyassan Souad 
Published: December 2024

Human gluttony is having a catastrophic effect on the environment. Since the age of industry and the world wars, modern societies have hygienically depleted most of the earth's resources, thus depleting all the resources that will be essential for future generations. The problem doesn't stop there: greenhouse gas emissions have significantly increased the earth's temperature, causing terrible damage to the climate. The production of green energy with no greenhouse effect seems essential to save the planet. Green hydrogen is a suitable and promising way to generate an energy source that produces H2O molecules instead of CO2. Water electrolysis is a very important technique for producing green H2 using an appropriate electrical current generated by a non-polluting energy source such as wind turbines. This review presents a historical and technical overview of the hydrogen element from its discovery to its current production. Throughout this work, we have tried to deal with the most significant historical periods.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN REALISTICS MATHEMATIC EDUCATION TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Eka Putra Randi , Sundahry Sundahry , Meiliza Selvira , Syaprida Syaprida 
Published: December 2024

Permasalahan dalam penelitian berfokus pada rendahnya motivasi dan hasil belajar matematika siswa, meskipun matematika merupakan mata pelajaran yang penting, banyak siswa mengalami kesulitan memahami konsep-konsep dasar. Penelitin quisi eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Realistics Mathematic Education Terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas IV SDN 102/II Sungai Kerjan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IV SDN 102/II Sungai kerjan. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini adalah 44 peserta didik. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Ada dua kelas yang diambil sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Kelas IV A berjumlah 22 peserta didik sebagai kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional sedangkan IV B berjumlah 22 peserta didik sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Realistics Mathematic education. Instrument yang digunakan adalah angket dan lembar tes hasil belajar peserta didik. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji T-test. Hasil uji hiptesis menunjukkan motivasi belajar peserta didik thitung 2.053 > ttabel 2.018 menunjukkan motivasi kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari pada kelas kontrol, sedangkan hasil belajar peserta didik thitung 2.578 > ttable 2.018 menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari pada kelas kontrol. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan motivasi dan hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Realistics Mathematic Education berpengaruh terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar matematika kelas IV SDN 102/II Sungai Kerjan.
PENGARUH INSENTIF TERHADAP KINERJA MELALUI KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL
Authors: Sinaga Elvrida Novianna , Absah Yeni , Rini Endang Sulistiya 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Insentif terhadap Kinerja melalui Kecedasan Emosional Guru SMAN 1 Matauli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian asosiatif dengan pendekatan analisis kuantitatif dengan mempergunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif, analisis jalur, dan diagram jalur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMAN 1 Matauli yang berjumlah 69 guru. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 69 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Insentif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja, Insentif berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan Emosional berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Kinerja, Kecerdasaman Emosional tidak mampu memediasi hubungan Insentif terhadap Kinerja Guru SMAN 1 Matauli.
<span style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;"><strong>Thực trạng&nbsp;quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra nội bộ của các trường trung học cơ sở ở&nbsp;huyện Trà Ôn, tỉnh Vĩnh Long</strong></span>
Authors: Bạch Thái An 
Published: December 2024

Kiểm tra nội bộ trường học là một dạng hoạt động quản lý của hiệu trưởng nhằm điều tra, theo dõi, xem xét, kiểm soát, phát hiện, kiểm nghiệm diễn biến và kết quả các hoạt động giáo dục trong phạm vi nội bộ nhà trường và đánh giá kết quả các hoạt động giáo dục đó có phù hợp với mục tiêu, kế hoạch, chuẩn mực, quy chế đề ra. Nó vừa là tiền đề, vừa là điều kiện để đảm bảo mục tiêu, nếu kiểm tra nội bộ tốt sẽ thúc đẩy, hỗ trợ các đối tượng được kiểm tra hoàn thành đúng hướng các nhiệm vụ được giao. Bài báo đánh giá kết quả thực trạng quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra nội bộ tại các trường trung học cơ sở ở huyện Trà Ôn, tỉnh Vĩnh Long thông qua việc khảo sát 106 khách thể gồm 14 cán bộ quản lý, 92 giáo viên và nhân viên ở 6 trường trung học cơ sở ở huyện Trà Ôn, tỉnh Vĩnh Long. Kết quả khảo sát được phân tích, đánh giá thực trạng theo thang đo Likert 4 mức độ, cho thấy vẫn còn nhiều vấn đề bất cập trong công tác quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra nội bộ ở các trường trung học cơ sở địa phương này.