bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interim-analysis of the COSA (COVID-19 Patients Treated With the Seraph® 100 Microbind® Affinity Filter) Registry
Authors: Schmidt Julius J. , Borchina Dan Nicolae , Klooster Mariet van´t , Soki Khalida , Okioma Reuben , Herbst Larissa , Rodríguez Diego Sandoval , Büttner Stefan , Bader Birgit , Serednicki Wojciech , Zasada Ewa , Schmitz Michael , Quabach Ralf Alexander , Fühner Thomas , Kielstein Jan T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The Seraph®100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter® is a hemofiltration device that is licensed for pathogen reduction in the blood. This includes several viruses. Removal of the nucleocapsid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by the Seraph®100 has been recently demonstrated. As viral load has repeatedly been shown to correlate with adverse outcome in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the aim of this registry was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Seraph®100 treatment for COVID-19.Methods: An online registry in which main patient charcteristics, treatment coordinates and outcome parameters was documented without reimbursement. So far 12 hospitals in 4 countries on 2 continents took part in the registry. 75 treatment sessions in 60 patients were documented in the registry. Results: Adverse effects of the Seraph® 100 treatment were reported in 2 (2.6 %) of the 75 treatments. Eight (10.6 %) of all the procedures ended prematurely due to circuit failure / clotting. Half of the treatments (47.6 %) were performed as hemoperfusion only. 21.6 % of the treatments were performed in conjuction with intermittent hemodialysis. Median treatment time was 4.21 [4.00 - 8.06] h. Anticoagulation was performed using citrate in 20.6 % of treatments. Patients that died despite treatment with the Seraph® 100 filter had a higher rate of bacterial superinfection, higher level of inflammatory laboratory markers (procalcitonin and ferritin) and higher d-dimer levels. While predicted survival rate in ICU patients was >80 %, the observed survival rate was 47.6 %. In non-ICU patients, 4 C score predicted a survival rate of 31.4-34.9 % while the observed survival rate was 22.2 %.Conclusion: Seraph® 100 treatment was well tolerated and circuit failure rate was significantly lower than reported for KRT in COVID-19 patients. All patients that died despite of Seraph® 100 treatment had serious pre-existing medical conditions, coexisting bacterial infections and more pronounced systemic signs of inflammation. Compared to the calculated mortality using established scores, the observed mortality in the Seraph® 100 treated patients was lower.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04361500
Research on Cutting Mechanism and Cutting Force Theoretical Model Based on Indentation Fracture Mechanics in Turning Lithium Disilicate Glass
Authors: Ma Lianjie , Yan Kunjie , Wang Shuhuai , Li Hongshuang , Jia Jing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Based on the theory of energy transfer, this study analyzes the fracture mechanism of machinable ceramics, and establishes the machinable ceramic tool-workpiece-chip coupling cutting force model. Research on the brittleness removal of hard and brittle materials by indentation test. The pre-existing defects on the surface of the workpiece are subjected to tensile stress. With continuous loading on a certain point on the surface of the workpiece, the cracks begin to sprout and expand; when the critical load is loaded, the cracks become unstable; with the load continues, the conical cracks expand in an unstable state. The Hertz crack system is obtained at the end of the indentation. The crack system model is established based on indentation fracture mechanics. According to Griffith energy balance theory, different types of energy models of the crack system are established. The theoretical model of cutting force is established according to the principle of energy conservation, the tool input is equal to the energy change between crack systems. The results of turning experiments show that the main cutting force increases with the increase of the radius of the tool nose, and decreases with the increase of the tool rake angle. The calculated values of the theoretical model of cutting force in turning of hard and brittle materials are basically consistent with the experimental values.
Spatiotemporal Variation of Flash Floods in the Hengduan Mountains Region Affected by Rainfall Properties and Land-use
Authors: Sun Xiaoyun , Zhang Guotao , Wang Jiao , Li Chaoyue , Wu Shengnan , Li Yao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristic of flash floods is significant for the reasonable and accurate identification of high-risk regions of disasters as well as future prediction of hydrological regimes. Therefore, this study collected time-series datasets (1979-2015) of historical flash flood events, rainfall, and land-use in the Hengduan Mountains region, China to characterize the spatiotemporal variation in flash floods affected by the change in rainfall and land-use. Using linear trend, a significant increase with 12 times/10a for flash flood events was found while 82% of events occurred in the flood season (June–August). They were closely related to the increase in frequency (3.5 d/10a) and magnitude (215.55 mm/10a) of heavy rainfall as well as the amplified artificial (999 km2). Affected by heavy rainfall due to climate change and human activity, significant periodic variations on the scales of 3-7a, 8-15a, and 21-31a were derived based on the Morlet wavelet analysis. Meanwhile, utilizing the standard elliptical difference, we identified the moving route of the gravity center of flash floods, with the direction from northwest to southeast. More recorded disasters generally were found in the south of the Hengduan Mountain region, where was mainly controlled by frequent rainstorms and the formation of more cropland and artificial with higher runoff potential. These findings can be an appropriate supplement for lack of understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of flash floods in the Hengduan Mountains region and could provide policymakers with evidence to identify high-risk areas which is difficult to cope with in the mountainous watershed.
Lactobacillus Reuteri grows in the Microalga Isochrysis Galbana Generating a Fermented Compound that reduces the AIEC Bacteria Harmfulness
Authors: Colantoni E. , Palone F. , Cesi V. , Leter B. , Sugoni G. , Laudadio I. , Negroni A. , Vitali R. , Stronati L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Microalgae are currently considered as alternative sustainable resources for high-value bioproducts such as omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Probiotics are assumed to benefit human health by their direct actions on the composition and function of gut microbiota. Aims of the study are: 1) to set up the anaerobic growth of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) in the omega3-rich microalga Isochrysis galbana (I. galbana); 2) to assess the potential role of the obtained fermented compound (FC) to control the harmfulness of adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) to intestinal epithelial cells. I. galbana powder solubilized in PBS was used for the anaerobic growth of L. reuteri. The lipidic content of I. galbana and FC was analyzed by GC-MS. Colorectal adenocarcinoma cells CACO2 and the AIEC strain LF82 were used for in vitro experiments. I. galbana is shown to be an excellent culture medium for growing L. reuteri. The obtained FC significantly reduces the AIEC adhesiveness and invasiveness to intestinal epithelial cells. We show for the first time that microalgae may represent an innovative culture medium to grow probiotics in anaerobiosis. The obtained FC shows beneficial properties for human health by controlling the harmfulness of AIEC bacteria.
ST-Segment Resolution As A Marker For Severe Myocardial Fibrosis in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dong Qian , Wen Xuesong , Chang Guanglei , Xia Rui , Wang Sihang , Yang Yunjing , Tao Yi , Zhang Dongying , Qin Shu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the relationship between ST-segment resolution (STR) and myocardial scar thickness after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods

Forty-two STEMI patients with single-branch coronary artery stenosis or occlusion were enrolled. ST-segment elevations were measured at emergency admission and at 24 h after PCI. Late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR-LGE) was performed 7 days after PCI to evaluate myocardial scars. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the utility of STR to predict the development of transmural (> 75%) or non-transmural (< 75%) myocardial scars, according to previous study.
Results

The sensitivity and specificity of STR for predicting transmural scars were 96% and 88%, respectively, at an STR cut-off value of 40.15%. The area under the curve was 0.92. Multivariate logistic proportional hazards regression analysis disclosed that patients with STR < 40.15% had a 112.95-fold higher probability of developing transmural scars compared with patients with STR ≥ 40.15%. STR percentage was negatively correlated with myocardial scar thickness (β=-0.838, P < 0.001) and size (β=-0.714, P < 0.001).
Conclusion

STR < 40.15% at 24 h after PCI may provide meaningful diagnostic information regarding the extent of myocardial scarification in STEMI patients.
A Hierarchical Evaluation Index System for FMS Reliability Considering Coupling Relations Between System Elements
Authors: Pei Yanhu , Yang Congbin , Xu Jingjing , Wang Yida , Dong Xiangmin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
FMS reliability cannot be accurately evaluated without considering coupling relations between system elements. This paper presented a hierarchical and quantitative evaluation index system for FMS based on Petri net models and judgment matrix construction. In the proposed system, influencing factors and their coupling relations related to system elements including human, control systems and mechanical equipment, are analyzed. Based on the above analysis, FMS is described as a hierarchical system composed of the whole-level system, processing system and transfer system. Petri net for the running process of each system is modelled for reliability simulation analysis. And judgement matrices of indexes are constructed and combined with simulation of Petri net models to determine weighted values for influencing factors. Finally, an application example is completed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system. Results indicate that the system can help to quantitatively evaluate the reliability of FMS based on availability indexes of elements, and clearly show weaknesses of the system from element level, which is a significant basis for the FMS reliability improvement during the design stage.
Bacillus Pumilus Induced Tolerance of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Against Cadmium (Cd) Stress
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Elahie Mahmood , Naeem Muhammad , Bashir Tasmia , Yasmin Humaira , Younas Muhammad , Areeb Ahsan , Irfan Muhammad , Billah Motsim , Shakoor Abdul , Zulfiqar Saman , Qin Mingzhou 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Heavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Methods: Three different concentrations of Cd (i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg kg-1) were applied in soil under which maize plants were grown. The germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, root length,fresh weight and nutrient uptake by maize plant were determined. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. Results: The result indicated that germination percentage, Shoot length, leaf length, root length, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight were reduced by 37, 39, 39, 32 and 59% respectively at 0.75mg kg-1 of CdSO4concentration but when maize seeds inoculated with Bacillus pumilus significantly increased the germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight at different concentrations of CdSO4. Moreover, the plant protein were significantly increased by 60% in T6 (0.25 mg kg-1 of CdSO4+inoculated seed) and Peroxidase dismutase (POD) was also significantly higher by 346% in T6 (0.25 mg kg-1 of CdSO4+inoculated seed), however, the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in T5 (0.75 mg kg-1 of CdSO4+ uninoculated seed) and was 769% higher as compared to control. The Cd contents in Bacillus pumilus inoculated maize roots and shoots were decreased. Conclusion: The present investigations indicated that the inoculation of maize plant with Bacillus pumilus can help maize plants to withstand Cd stress but higher concentration of Cd can harm the plant. The Bacillus pumilus has good potential to remediate Cd from soil, and also have potential to reduce the phytoavailibility and toxicity of Cd.
Translation and Validation of the Greek Version of a Questionnaire Measuring Patient Views on Participation in Clinical Trials
Authors: Karampatakis Dimitrios , Kakavouti-Doudos Angeliki , Oikonomidis Panagiotis , Voultsos Polychronis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe increasing number of clinical research opportunities requires increasing numbers of participants in clinical trials. However, it may become increasingly problematic, as protocols have become increasingly complex. Better understanding of patients’ attitudes towards their potential participation in clinical trials is essential for developing effective clinical trial recruitment strategies. In Greece, limited research has been conducted on this topic so far. This study aims to contribute to filling this gap. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. The Greek version of a recently developed questionnaire measuring patient views on participation in clinical trials, a 27‐item scale distributed into four factors, was tested. In addition, participants were asked to provide information regarding their socio-demographics. A demographic comparison was conducted.ResultsThe four-factor solution derived in our study consisted of the same 27 items and it was different from the six-factor solution that Arnetz et al. proposed. The factors risks and benefits, that consisted of 5 and 3 items respectively in the six-factor solution, were merged into one factor that consisted of 10 items in the four-factor solution. The four factors produced were Risks and benefits (ten items, α= 0,867), Patient’s expectations (six items, α= 0.864), Patient’s participation (five items, α= 0.827), and Cost and convenience (five items, α= 0,770). We found that demographic factors did not impact patients' opinions about clinical trials participation, except for gender. The participants reported as important for participating in clinical trial: receiving clear and adequate information (95,5%) and being given the opportunity to ask questions (97,8%), take part in discussions regarding their own treatment (94,6%), and voice their concerns and opinions (91,1%). As factors strongly associated with participants’ willingness to participate in a clinical trial were reported: concerns about the risks of being in a clinical trial (87,5%), the possible side effects of clinical trials (86,3%), the type of treatment given in a clinical trial (83,7%), and whether participation would improve their quality of life (QoL) (81,5%).ConclusionThe preliminary validation of the Greek version of the questionnaire measuring patient perceptions and expectations of participating in clinical trials demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability and could be further tested in larger samples. The findings that emerged from this study are in line with previous literature.
Early Disease Onset and Arthritis Are Predictors of Chronic Kidney Disease Development in FMF Patients
Authors: Büberci Refika , Duranay Murat 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by fever and serositis attacks. The most important complication is amyloidosis. In FMF patients, chronic kidney disease (CKD) can develop without amyloid development. The aim of the study is to evaluate the development of CKD in FMF patients and to determine the factors that are involved in this development.Method: One hundred seventy eight FMF patients who were followed up between 2000 and 2020 were included in the study. FMF diagnosis was made according to the Tel-Hashomer criteria. Genetic tests were studied in cases which there was suspicion of diagnosis. Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients and all laboratory data including urea, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria in 24-hour urine at the time of first and last admission were evaluated.Results: The mean age of the patients was 34.53 ± 10.72, the follow-up period was 6.12 ± 3.94, and the diagnosis age was 21.7 ± 11.5 years. The number of patients with late disease onset and the percentage of kidney biopsy performed were higher in the genetic test group. There was no difference in the inflammatory parameters. The risk factors associated with the development of CKD were early disease onset and arthritis attacks.Conclusion: The role of genotype characteristics in the development of CKD has not been determined. Patients diagnosed with FMF disease at an early age and especially with arthritis attacks should be closely monitored in terms of the risk of developing CKD.
Potential Genes and Pathways Associated with Heterotopic Ossification, Derived from Analyses of Gene Expression Profiles
Authors: Yang Zhanyu , Liu Delong , Guan Rui , Li Xin , Wang Yiwei , Sheng Bin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) represents pathological lesions, referred to the development of heterotopic bone in extraskeletal tissues around joints. This study will investigate the genetic characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from HO tissues and explore the potential pathways involved. Methods: The gene expression profiles (GSE94683) was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including 9 normal specimens and 7 HO specimens, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Then, the protein‑protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed for further analysis. Results: Totally 275 DEGs were differentially expressed, of which 153 were upregulated and 122 were downregulated. In the biological process (BP), the majority of DEGs, including EFNB3, UNC5C, TMEFF2, PTH2, KIT, FGF13 and WISP3, were intensively enriched in cell signal transmission items, including axon guidance, negative regulation of cell migration, peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation and cell-cell signaling. Moreover, KEGG analysis indicated that the majority of DEGs, including EFNB3, UNC5C, FGF13, MAPK10, DDIT3, KIT, COL4A4 and DKK2, primarily involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway. 10 hub genes were identified, including CX3CL1, CXCL1, ADAMTS3, ADAMTS16, ADAMTSL2, ADAMTSL3, ADAMTSL5, PENK, GPR18, CALB2.Conclusions: This study presents a novel insight into the pathogenesis of HO. 10 hub genes and most of the DEGs intensively involved in enrichment analyses may be the new candidate targets for the prevention and treatment of HO in the future.
Diversity Checkup: A Study of Multicultural Medicine
Authors: Hammock Jordan , Saturn Sarina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The failure to provide quality, patient-centered healthcare has been directly associated with a lack of cultural diversity within the healthcare system itself (Scherman, 2017). The present study aims to capture community perceptions related to the lack of diversity in the Oregon healthcare system in an effort to determine what steps can and should be taken to promote more culturally sensitive healthcare. A total of 767 healthcare workers, high school students, college students, and patients completed an online survey of attitudes on diversity in healthcare. The findings of these surveys have identified current attitudes on healthcare diversity, areas of discrimination and bias, and identified areas that can be changed to address the challenges associated with the lack of diversity in the healthcare system. The results can be used to advance pre-health professional programs for students and to further the diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts of health systems.
A Scenario-Based Management of Water Resources and Supply Systems Using a Combined System Dynamics and Compromise Programming Approach
Authors: Momeni Marzieh , Behzadian Kourosh , Yousefi Hossein , Zahedi Sina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Long-term sustainability in water supply systems is a major challenge due to water resources depletion, climate change and population growth. This paper presents a scenario-based approach for performance assessment of intervention strategies in water resources and supply systems (WRSS). A system dynamics (SD) approach is used for modelling the key WRSS components and their complex interactions with natural and human systems and is combined with a multi-criteria decision analysis for sustainability performance assessment of strategies in each scenario. The scenarios combine population growth rates with groundwater extraction limits and three intervention strategies. The methodology was demonstrated on a real-world case study in Iran. Results show scenario-based analysis can provide suitable strategies leading to long-term sustainability of water resources for each scenario imposed on the water systems. For scenarios with either no threshold or one threshold of groundwater extraction limit, the only effective strategies for sustainable groundwater preservation are those involving agricultural water demand decrease with an average recovery rate of 130% for groundwater resources while other strategies of agricultural groundwater abstraction (constant/increase rates) fail to sustainably recover groundwater resources. However, all analysed strategies can provide sustainability of water resources with an average recovery rate of 33% for groundwater resources only when scenarios with two threshold limits are in place. The impact of scenarios on groundwater conservation is quite minor for population growth rates with an average recovery rate of 11% compared to groundwater extraction limits with an average recovery rate of 79% between no threshold and two threshold limits.