bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bracovirus sneaks into apoptotic bodies transmitting immunosuppressive signaling driven by integration-mediated eIF5A hypusination
Authors: Luo Kaijun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The typical characteristic of polydnavirus (PDV) infection is persistent immunosuppression, governed by the viral integration and expression of virulence genes. Recently, how Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV) activates caspase-3 to cleave Innexins, gap junction proteins, has been highlighted, further promoting apoptotic cell disassembly and apoptotic body (AB) formation. However, little is known about how inserted viral fragments interact with host cells to drive apoptosis and the role MbBV-mediated extracellular vesicles play in immune suppression. Herein, we show that ABs transmitted immunosuppressive signaling, causing recipient cell apoptosis and dismigration. Overall, viral host integrated motif sites insertion damaged host genome stimulating eIF5A nucleocytoplasmic transport, activating the eIF5A-hypusination translation pathway. Functionally, translated apoptosis-related host proteins, such as P53, CypD, CypJ, and CypA, drive a broken dsDNA cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, translated viral proteins, vank86, 92, and 101, known to complex with transcription factor Dip3, positively regulated DHYS and DOHH transcription maintaining the activation of the eIF5A-hypusination translation pathway. Mechanistically, MbBV-mediated extracellular vesicles contained inserted viral fragments that re-integrated into recipients, potentially via the homologous recombinant repair system. Meanwhile, this stimulation regulated activated caspase-3 level via pI3K/Akt 308 and 473 dephosphorylation to promote recipients cell apoptosis; pI3K/Akt 473 phosphorylation inhibited caspase-3 activation leading to recipient cell dismigration. In conclusion, our results suggest that integration-mediated eIF5A hypusination drives extracellular vesicles for continues immunosuppressive.
The Role of HOX Genes as Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Martinou Eirini , Falgari Giulia , Bagwan Izhar , Angelidi Angeliki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is worldwide the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and despite therapeutic advances, survival remains low. Emerging evidence shows that Homeobox (HOX) genes are important in carcinogenesis, and their dysregulation has been linked with metastatic potential and poor prognosis. This systematic review aims to present the current evidence on the role of HOX genes as biomarkers in CRC and the impact of their modulation in tumour growth and progression. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Eligible studies investigated two research questions: a) the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of HOX gene dysregulation in patients with CRC and b) the functional role of HOX genes in CRC progression. This study was registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020190953. Results: Twenty-five studies enrolling 3003 patients with stage I-IV CRC, showed that 26 out of 39 HOX genes were dysregulated in cancerous versus normal colon. Aberrant expression of HOX proteins was significantly related to tumour depth, nodal invasion, distant metastases, advanced stage and poor prognosis. Twenty-two preclinical studies showed that HOX proteins are crucially related to tumour growth and metastatic potential by affecting cell proliferation and altering the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition modulators. Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings suggest that HOX proteins play vital roles in CRC progression and significantly affect survival. Further research, though, is required to elucidate their potential role as biomarkers in CRC.
Clinical Implications of Oral Assessment in Elderly Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Single-center, Retrospective Study
Authors: Uemura Yusuke , Shibata Rei , Ishikawa Haruna , Nagahori Ayumi , Katsumi Yuta , Takemoto Kenji , Ishikawa Shinji , Murohara Toyoaki , Watarai Masato 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Oral health problems are common and are associated with various geriatric conditions in older adults. The importance of oral health has not been fully highlighted in the assessment and management of patients with heart failure. Here, we investigated the clinical implications of oral assessment in elderly patients with acute heart failure. We evaluated oral health using the revised oral assessment guide in 77 patients aged 65 years or older who were admitted to hospital for acute heart failure. Poor oral health (defined as a revised oral assessment guide score ≥ 9) was identified in 66.2% of the patients. Patients with poor oral health had high prevalence of decreased physical function, undernutrition, and cognitive impairment. A reduction in the Barthel Index, as an indicator of activities of daily living during hospitalization, was significant in the enrolled patients. The Barthel Index decreased more in patients with poor oral health than those with normal oral health. Furthermore, the revised oral assessment guide score on admission was found to be the only independent predictor of changes in the Barthel Index during hospitalization in the multivariate regression analyses. In conclusion, oral assessment using the revised oral assessment guide during hospitalization could provide useful information for the management of elderly heart failure patients.
Mieap forms membraneless organelles to compartmentalize and facilitate cardiolipin metabolism
Authors: Ikari Naoki , Honjo Katsuko , Sagami Yoko , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Arakawa Hirofumi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Liquid droplets function as membraneless organelles that compartmentalize and facilitate efficient biological reactions. They are formed by proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) via liquid–liquid phase separation. Mieap/SPATA18, a p53-inducible protein, participates in suppression of colorectal tumors by promoting mitochondrial quality control. However, the regulatory mechanism involved remains unclear. Here, we report that Mieap is an IDR-containing protein that drives formation of liquid droplets in mitochondria. Mieap liquid droplets specifically phase separate the mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin. Lipidomic analysis of cardiolipin suggests that Mieap promotes enzymatic reactions involved in cardiolipin metabolism, including biosynthesis and remodeling. Accordingly, four cardiolipin biosynthetic enzymes, TAMM41, PGS1, PTPMT1, and CRLS1, and two remodeling enzymes, PLA2G6 and TAZ, are phase-separated by Mieap liquid droplets. Mieap-deficient mice exhibit altered crista structure in mitochondria of various tissues, including brown fat, and tend to become obese. These results suggest that Mieap drives formation of membraneless organelles to compartmentalize and promote cardiolipin metabolism at the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus potentially contributing to mitochondrial quality control.
A tensor decomposition-based integrated analysis applicable to multiple gene expression profiles without sample matching
Authors: Y-h. Taguchi , Turki Turki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profiles measured in distinct studies is always problematic.
Especially, missing sample matching and missing common labeling between distinct studies prevent the integration of multiple studies in fully data-driven and unsupervised manner. In this study, we propose a strategy enabling the integration of multiple gene expression profiles among multiple independent studies without either labeling or sample matching, using tensor decomposition-based unsupervised feature extraction. As an example, we applied this strategy to Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related gene expression profiles that lack exact correspondence among samples as well as AD single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data. We found that we could select biologically reasonable genes with integrated analysis. Overall, integrated gene expression profiles can function analogously to prior learning and/or transfer learning strategies in other machine learning applications. For scRNA-seq, the proposed approach was able to drastically reduce the required computational memory.
The Cognitive and Psychiatric Subacute Impairment in severe Covid-19.
Authors: Serrano-Castro Pedro J. , Garzon-Maldonado Francisco , Casado-Naranjo Ignacio , Ollero-Ortiz Angela , Minguez-Castellanos Adolfo , Iglesias-Espinosa Mar , Baena-Palomino Pablo , Sanchez-Sanchez Violeta , Perez Rosa Maria Sanchez , Rubi-Callejon Jose , Estevez-Maria Jose Carlos , Galeano-Bilbao Benito , Romero-Imbroda Jesus , Sobrino-Diaz Beatriz , Arrabal-Gomez Carlos , Oliver-Martos Begoña , Muñoz-Becerra Luis , Requena-Ocaña Nerea , de Sotomayor Maria del Mar Gonzalez Alvarez , Estivill-Torrus Guillermo , Suarez Juan , Petersen Nicolas Ciano , Pons-Pons Gracia , Reyes-Bueno Jose Antonio , Cabezudo-Garcia Pablo , Aguilar-Castillo Maria Jose , Cosme Carlos De la Cruz , Duque-Holguera Maria , Cuartero-Cuartero Eva , Vilches-Carrillo Rosa Maria , Carrera-Muñoz Ismael , Carnero-Pardo Cristobal , Ramirez-Garcia Teresa , Oropesa Juan Manuel , Dominguez-Mayoral Ana , Pelaez-Viñas Nazaret , de Santis Lucia Valiente , de Fonseca Fernando Rodriguez 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Neurologic impairment persisting months after acute severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has been described because of several pathogenic mechanisms, including persistent systemic inflammation. The objective of this study is to analyze the selective involvement of the different cognitive domains and the existence of related biomarkers. Methods: Cross-sectional multicentric study of patients who survived severe infection with SARS-CoV-2 consecutively recruited between 90 and 120 days after hospital discharge. All patients underwent an exhaustive study of cognitive functions as well as plasma determination of pro-inflammatory, neurotrophic factors and light-chain neurofilaments. A Principal Component Analysis extracted the main independent characteristics of the syndrome. Results: 152 patients were recruited. The results of our study preferential involvement of episodic and working memory, executive functions, and attention and relatively less affectation of other cortical functions. In addition, anxiety and depression pictures are constant in our cohort. Several plasma chemokines concentrations were elevated compared with both, a non-SARS-Cov2 infected cohort of neurological outpatients or a control healthy general population. Conclusion: Severe Covid-19 patients can develop an amnesic and dysexecutive syndrome with neuropsychiatric manifestations. We do not know if the deficits detected can persist in the long term and if this can trigger or accelerate the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.
Bizarre tail weaponry in a transitional ankylosaur from subantarctic Chile
Authors: Soto-Acuña Sergio , Vargas Alexander , Kaluza Jonatan , Leppe Marcelo , Botelho Joao , Palma-Liberona José , Gutstein Carolina , Fernández Roy , Ortiz Hector , Milla Verónica , Aravena Bárbara , Manríquez Leslie , Alarcón-Muñoz Jhonatan , Pino Juan , Trevisan Christine , Mansilla Héctor , Hinojosa Luis , Muñoz-Walther Vicente , Rubilar-Rogers David 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Armoured dinosaurs are well known for forms that evolved specialized tail weapons: paired tail spikes in stegosaurs, and heavy tail clubs in advanced ankylosaurs1. Armoured dinosaurs from southern Gondwana are rare and enigmatic, but likely include the earliest branches of Ankylosauria2-4. Here, we describe a mostly complete, semiarticulated skeleton of a small (about 2m) armoured dinosaur from the late Cretaceous of Magallanes in southernmost Chile, a region biogeographically related to West Antarctica5. Stegouros elengassen gen. et sp. nov. evolved a large tail weapon unlike any dinosaur: A flat, frond-like structure formed by 7 pairs of laterally projecting osteoderms encasing the distal half of the tail. Stegouros shows ankylosaurian cranial characters, but a largely primitive postcranial skeleton, with some stegosaur-like characters. Phylogenetic analyses placed Stegouros in Ankylosauria, and specifically related to Kunbarrasaurus from Australia6 and Antarctopelta from Antarctica7, forming a clade of Gondwanan ankylosaurs that split earliest from all other ankylosaurs. Large osteoderms and specialized tail vertebrae in Antarctopelta suggest it had a tail weapon similar to Stegouros. We propose a new clade, the Parankylosauria, to include the first ancestor of Stegouros but not Ankylosaurus, and all descendants of that ancestor.
Prevalence and severity of symptoms and signs in patients with advanced cancer in the last days of life: the East Asian collaborative cross-cultural Study to Elucidate the Dying process (EASED)
Authors: Hiratsuka Yusuke , Suh Sang-Yeon , Won Seon-Hye , Kim Sun-Hyun , Yoon Seok-Joon , Koh Su-Jin , Kwon Jung Hye , Park Jeanno , Ahn Hong-Yup , Cheng Shao-Yi , Chen Ping-Jen , Yamaguchi Takashi , Morita Tatsuya , Tsuneto Satoru , Mori Masanori , Inoue Akira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Few large-scale studies have focused on the prevalence of symptoms and signs during the last days of patients diagnosed with advanced cancer. Identifying the patterns of specific symptoms according to cancer type is helpful to provide end-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer. We investigated the prevalence and severity of symptoms and signs associated with impending death in patients with advanced cancer.

Methods

In this secondary analysis of an international multicenter cohort study conducted in three East Asian countries, we compared the severity of symptoms and signs among dying patients 3 days before death according to the type of primary cancer using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Post hoc analysis was conducted for multiple comparisons of each symptom according to the type of primary cancer.

Results

We analyzed 2131 patients from Japan, Korea and Taiwan. Fatigue, dry mouth, drowsiness and dyspnea were present in nearly half of the patients, and edema of lower extremities was the most common sign in all dying patients. According to cancer type, edema of lower extremities was the most common symptom and fatigue/ ascites were the most severe symptoms in digestive tract cancer. For lung cancer, respiratory secretion was the most prevalent and dyspnea/ respiratory secretion were the most severe symptoms.

Conclusion

We demonstrated the prevalence and severity of symptoms and signs associated with impending death of patients with advanced cancer in East Asia. Our study can enable clinicians to recognize the specific symptoms and signs at the very end of life.
Immune privilege of adipocyte mitochondria protects from obesity
Authors: Hoang Anh Cuong , Yu Haidong , Lin Ya-Tin , Chen Jin-Chung , Chen Chia-Chun , Diedrich Victoria , Herwig Annika , Landgraf Kathrin , Körner Antje , Roszer Tamás 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Infant nutrition is rich in lipids, and the adipose tissue has been adapted to properly break down neutral lipids and oxidize fatty acids in infancy. Accordingly, infant adipose tissue contains so-called beige adipocytes, which burn off lipids to heat, and impede fat storage and obesity. We show here that infant adipocytes are immune privileged sites for mitochondria due to a blockade in interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7)-signaling, which allows mitochondrial RNA to trigger beige adipocyte differentiation through mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling. These mechanisms serve to maintain an extensive mitochondrial network in beige adipocytes and protect against obesity. By contrast, fat storing white adipocytes lack these mechanisms and respond to their mitochondrial content with inflammation. We show that obesity subverts the immune privilege for mitochondria in adipocytes, which reduces mitochondrial mass and abrogates beige adipocyte development. In turn, suppressing IRF7 signaling and restoring the RNA-mediated mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling in adipocytes effectively reduces obesity.
Dispersion Reduction of the Source Data Created by Time History Analyses for Developing More Reliable Fragility Curves of Selected Electric Substations Equipment
Authors: Mohammadpour Saman , Hosseini Mahmood 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High dispersion of data, created by time history analyses (THA) for developing fragility curves (FCs), results in remarkable uncertainty in risk evaluation. Regarding the lack of studies on uncertainty reduction of FCs of electric power equipment, this paper presents three means for reducing this dispersion: 1) using spectral acceleration at fundamental period of the system, Sa(T1), instead of peak ground acceleration (PGA) as the intensity measure (IM), 2) using Sa(T1)+Sa(T2), as the IM, and 3) using a set of scenario earthquakes for THA instead of randomly chosen accelerograms. The methods were compared for two key structures of electric substations, a post insulator (PI) and a current transformer (CT). For the PI, first a set of randomly chosen accelerograms was employed, once using PGA, and once more Sa(T1) as the IM, and then a set of scenario-based records, with the same IMs. For the CT, PGA, Sa(T1) and Sa(T1)+Sa(T2) were used as the IM. Results show that using scenario-compatible records leads to more consistent data for developing the FCs, and that this consistency gets better and much better, respectively, by using Sa(T1) and Sa(T1)+Sa(T2) as the IM. It is suggested that for very high frequency systems, such as PI, Sa(T1) is used, while for moderate- and low-frequency systems, such as CT, Sa(T1)+Sa(T2) is used.
Anti-proliferative, c-Met Inhibitions, and PAINS Evaluations of New Thiophene,
Thiazole, Coumarin, Pyran, and Pyridine Derivatives
Authors: Mohareb Rafat M. , Abdo Nadia Y. Megally , Ibrahim Rehab A. , Samir Eman M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
1,3-Diones are versatile reagents used for many heterocyclic transformations. Among such groups of compounds, cyclohexane-1,3-dione is widely used in organic synthesis to produce biologically active compounds.

Objective:
In this work, target molecules were synthesized from tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-3- carboxamide derivative with different substituents, and their structure-activity relationships were discussed in detail.

Method:
Cyclohexane-1,3-dione underwent different multi-component reactions to produce fused thiophene, thiazole, coumarin, pyran, and pyridine derivatives. The anti-proliferative activity of the newly synthesized compounds toward the six cancer cell lines, namely A549, H460, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, and SMMC-7721 was studied. In addition, inhibitions of the most active compounds toward cancer cell lines classified according to the disease were also studied. Furthermore, Pan Assay Interference compounds (PAINS) of the selected compounds were analyzed, along with the c-Met inhibitions.

Results:
Anti-proliferative evaluations were performed for all of the synthesized compounds, in which the varieties of substituents through the aryl ring and the heterocyclic ring afforded compounds with high activities. Inhibition activity against the cancer cell lines classified according to the disease, c-Met, and PAINS of the synthesized compounds were measured.

Conclusion:
Compounds 3, 13a, 13b, 14a, 16f, 17a, 28, 30a, and 31were the most cytotoxic compounds toward the six cancer cell lines. Inhibition toward cancer cell lines classified according to the disease showed that, in most cases, the presence of the electronegative CN and or Cl groups within the molecule was responsible for its high activity.
Understanding Health Empowerment From the Perspective of Information Processing: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Jiang Fei , Liu Yongmei , Hu Junhua , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: November 2021

Background
Massive, easily accessible online health information empowers users to cope with health problems better. Most patients search for relevant online health information before seeing a doctor to alleviate information asymmetry. However, the mechanism of how online health information affects health empowerment is still unclear.

Objective
To study how online health information processing affects health empowerment.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study that included 343 samples from participants who had searched online health information before the consultation. Respondents' perceptions of online information cues, benefits, health literacy, and health empowerment were assessed.

Results
Perceived argument quality and perceived source credibility have significant and positive effects on perceived information benefits, but only perceived argument quality has a significant effect on perceived decision-making benefits. Two types of perceived benefits, in turn, affect health empowerment. The effects of perceived argument quality on perceived informational benefits and perceived decision-making benefits on health empowerment are significantly stronger for the high health literacy group than the low health literacy group (t269=7.156, P<.001; t269=23.240, P<.001). While, the effects of perceived source credibility on perceived informational benefits and perceived informational benefits on health empowerment are significantly weaker for the high health literacy group than the low health literacy group (t269=–10.497, P<.001; t269=–6.344, P<.001). The effect of perceived argument quality on perceived informational benefits shows no significant difference between high and low health literacy groups.

Conclusions
In the context of online health information, perceived information benefits and perceived decision-making benefits are the antecedents of health empowerment, which in turn will be affected by perceived argument quality and perceived source credibility. Health literacy plays a moderating role in the relationship of some variables. To maximize health empowerment, online health information providers should strengthen information quality and provide differentiated information services based on users' health literacy.
Language Errors at The Phnological Level on The Speaking Community in Northern Halmahera
Authors: Sabarua Jefrey Oxianus , Sasingan Mardince 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to examine the error of speaking the language of the North Halmahera speech at the fonological level in the interaction of learning and the factors behind it. The type of research used is qualitatively descriptive with phenomenological approaches. Data is obtained using simak method with basic tapping technique. Once the data is obtained, it is then analyzed using the agih method and the padan method at the time of the speech interaction. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that language errors include, errors in pronunciation and spelling. The error in the tester consists of the error using phoneme /e/ (pepet) pronounced to /é/ (taling) caused by the language of the mother not knowing the phoneme /e/ (pepet), pronouncing phoneme /i/ to /é/ (taling), phoneme /e/ being /a/, phoneme /ai/ being /e/, phoneme / é/ (taling) becomes /i/, phoneme diftong /au/ becomes /o/, phoneme /c/ becomes /sé/, phoneme /v/ becomes /p/, phoneme /u/ becomes /w/, phoneme /n/ becomes /ng/, phoneme /i/ manjadi /e/, phoneme /kh/ becomes /h/, phoneme /z/ becomes /s/, phoneme /z/ becomes /j/, phoneme /sy/ becomes /s/, phoneme /f/ becomes /p/, phoneme /h/ at the end of a specific word, phoneme /o/ becomes phoneme /u/, Phoneme removal /h/ in a specific word, and Phoneme removal /k/ in a specific word. Spelling errors consist of capital letters usage, use of punctuation, and use of words. Thus it can be inferred language errors in the phonological state including pronunciation and spelling errors.