bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Requestioning the Indonesia Government's Public Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Black Box Analysis for the Period of January–July 2020
Authors: Ayuningtyas Dumilah , Haq Hayyan Ul , Utami Raden Roro Mega , Susilia Sevina 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:Indonesia responded the COVID-19 pandemic slowly these last months. The recent reports shown that the rate performance of Indonesian government in handling COVID-19 posits at the 4th worst all over the world. Meanwhile, through responsive, strict, and strategic policy, some Asia countries pushed the elimination case by doing lockdown. This paper questioned how government respond this pandemic, tried to track down the unresponsive and slow decisions, and analyze them comprehensively trough policy system framework. Moreover, we also considered a few feasible and strategic recommendations to accelerate the pandemic responding.Methods:To visualize the anatomy of problems in handling these pandemic responses, this work applied Easton's black box analysis in formulating and introducing public policy. The black box analysis would help us to portray and understood the interests, rationalities, and priorities behind introducing public policies which was implemented to handle this health problem. Besides, the policy triangle framework was used to analyze how environment influenced key actor in making decision.Results:This analysis study discovered the conflict interests in formulating and implementing public policy in handling COVID-19. The public policies are negotiated, discussed, and formulated under black box that ignore transparency, and other good governance principles. Consequently, the substance of public policy represents a certain interest of policy makers, that may conflict with the others and often contradict to the constitutional-based public interests, that is public health. It was impacted the emergence of messy and uncoordinated institutions that implement the conflicted policies. Undeniably, this situation may spark counter-productive ways, attitudes, and actions of people in responding those ambiguous policies. Therefore, this work recommended revising the coherences norms and public policies; reforming the ministry of health in public health's paradigm context; and improving the integration and coordination of cross related institutions, creating a single data on public health, and changing a new paradigm of people, including improving collective awareness in responding and handling COVID-19 appropriately.
Perceived Impact of Social Media on Panic Buying: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Arafat S.M. Yasir , Ahmad Araz Ramazan , Murad Hersh Rasool , Kakashekh Hardawan Mahmoud 
Published: May 2021

Background: Social media has an impact on panic buying by creating fear, disseminating pictures, and videos of people purchasing extra goods in a state of panic during the COVID-19 pandemic.Aim: We aimed to evaluate the perceived impact of social media on panic buying behaviors in the Iraqi Kurdistan region.Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 10 to November 25, 2020. A self-reported instrument was designed in English and then translated to the Kurdish Language to conduct the study. It was disseminated through social media platforms (Facebook, Viber, and WhatsApp) and e-mail, via a link, and 466 responses were collected from social media users. The statistical computations were performed using SPSS version 21.Results: The majority of respondents were male (62.2%), were &lt;25 years old (43.9%), and had completed their bachelor's degree (53.9%), and most of the respondents (86.3%) used Facebook. Among the respondents, 42.1% were involved in panic buying, 32.8% of the respondents thought that social media platforms had an influence on panic buying, 86.1% of the respondents thought that social media should be sensible while reporting it, 88.4% thought that the reporting should be controlled, and 78.5% thought that photos of empty shelves should be avoided. There was a significant positive statistical correlation (r = 0.84) between social media use and panic buying among consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraqi Kurdistan (p = &lt;0.001).Conclusion: This research assessed how social media affects buying behavior, particularly in Iraq. Collective measures, such as sensible use and adequate media literacy, are needed to prevent such behaviors at least during public health emergencies.
A Survey on Wellness and Its Predictors Amongst Fiji High School Students
Authors: Odrovakavula Latileta , Mohammadnezhad Masoud , Khan Sabiha 
Published: May 2021

Background: Adolescent population face a number of health concerns which calls for objective and comprehensive assessment of their wellness during their critical development phase. This study aimed to determine adolescent wellness and its predictors amongst adolescents in secondary schools in Fiji.Methods: This quantitative cross sectional study was conducted in four purposively selected schools in Suva and the greater Suva area, Fiji, between August and September, 2019. Students of Fijian nationality, enrolled into years 11-13 in the selected schools were purposively selected. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on four dimensions of wellness including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual. Spearman's Rho correlation was conducted to test for associations. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were applied to analyze the data by the SPSS software version 25. A p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 350 students participated in the study. Mean raw scores for wellness dimensions were as follows: physical = 51 (out of 60), psychological = 63 (out of 80), social = 42 (out of 50), and spiritual = 34 (out of 40). For overall wellness, two significant differences were observed: students of Fijian Itaukei descent (193.68 ± 14.2) and participants with a family income of $40,000-50,000 (199.08 ± 12.60) (p = 0.04) had a higher overall wellness score. There were three significant differences observed for psychological wellness dimension; Fijians of Indian descent (64.68 ± 9.30), participants enrolled into year 13 (64.68 ± 9.30) and those with a family income of $40,000-50,000 had higher psychological score. For social wellness, a significant difference was observed: Itaukei participants had higher scores (43.34 ± 4.42) when compared to other ethnic groups (p &lt; 0.05). In terms of spiritual wellness, a significant difference was observed for ethnicity: Itaukei participants had a higher mean score (35.59 ± 4.26) when compared to other ethnic groups (p &lt; 0.05). Strong correlations were observed for all dimensions of wellness.Conclusions: Findings of this study highlighted different factors affecting adolescents' wellness in Fiji. It is recommended that health education and awareness program be carried out for developing adolescent wellness by considering these factors. It is also recommended that parental and family support are provided to adolescents.
Trends in the Social Class Inequalities in Disability and Self-Rated Health: Repeated Cross-Sectional Surveys from Finland and Sweden 2001–2018
Authors: Enroth Linda , Fors Stefan 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To assess time trends in the social class inequalities and in total inequality in disability and self-rated health (SRH) in two oldest old populations.Methods: The data came from the Finnish Vitality 90+ Study (2001, 2003, 2007, 2010, 2014 and 2018; n = 5,440) and from the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (2002, 2004, 2011 and 2014; n = 1,645). Inequalities in mobility and activities of daily living (ADL) disability and SRH were examined cross-sectionally and over time using relative and absolute measures.Results: Lower social classes had greater mobility and ADL disability and worse SRH than higher social classes and the inequalities tended to increase over time. Findings were remarkably similar in both studies and with absolute and relative measures. Total inequality, referring to the variance in health outcome in the total population, remained stable or decreased.Conclusion: The study suggests that the earlier findings of improved mobility and ADL are largely driven by the positive development in higher social classes while findings of decline in SRH are related to the worsening of SRH in lower social classes
La construcción del fracaso escolar: pensamiento y prácticas institucionales
Authors: Navas Espinosa Rosa Estefanía 
Published: May 2021

El presente ensayo recopila información relevante en el tema de pensamiento y prácticas institucionales que se asocian con la construcción del fracaso escolar. Dentro de los pensamientos institucionales se encuentran: la generalización, idealización del/la estudiante, el ideal pansófico, la culpa y concepciones reduccionistas que excluyen ciertas variables que se encuentran en constante interacción en cuanto a la explicación del fracaso escolar. A su vez, se analizan ciertas prácticas etiquetantes y estigmatizantes que pueden perjudicar al estudiante de por vida, hay ciertos discursos imperantes en las unidades educativas, sumergiendo en pasividad otros tales como, los familiares, los personales e interdisciplinarios. Asimismo, otra de las prácticas que podrían volverse reduccionista es la contextualización discriminativa, referente a la educabilidad solamente en la escuela, subestimando entornos diferentes que son parte de la educación. Los interrogantes que surgen son: si hablamos que las personas construyen conocimiento y no lo reproducen ¿Podrían aprender en otros contextos externos a la escuela? ¿La existencia del fracaso escolar de los/as estudiantes puede ser considerada una construcción institucional? ¿Qué cambios se pueden proporcionar a los/as estudiantes en relación a los pensamientos y prácticas institucionales con la finalidad de solventar sus dificultades en el aprendizaje escolar?
Contra el individuo: tentativas críticas e hipótesis inconclusas
Authors: Yuing Tuillang 
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo elabora una serie de sugerencias tentativas que buscan un balance teórico-filosófico de la noción de “individuo”. En efecto, el individuo se ha presentado como un concepto de uso corriente en la teoría social y política de corte liberal. No obstante parece ser en muchos casos una noción insuficientemente discutida y que por lo tanto impide una evaluación oportuna de los argumentos a los cuales tributa. De este modo, en primer lugar, se pone en cuestión la solvencia de la noción de individuo como soporte o fuente para concebir una “razón universal”. En este sentido, la idea de sujeto de conocimiento trascendental posee una serie de zonas opacas en que el individuo no es bajo ningún respecto soberano ni dueño de sus representaciones. En segundo lugar, se plantea la revisión de la noción de individuo como un rezago de la figura del soberano, tal y como lo sugiere Roberto Espósito respecto del liberalismo de Locke. Finalmente se revisan las tesis de Bruno Latour sobre las mediaciones socio-técnicas que constituyen los colectivos sociales donde la individualidad y la dicotomía sujeto-objeto es siempre una resultante y no un fundamento.
La revolución política de "Chili" tras 500 años de antropoceno
Authors: Carvajal Bañados Yuri 
Published: May 2021

El artículo elabora un análisis de las últimas manifestaciones políticas de Chile bajo la perspectiva de una crisis cosmopolítica que se comprende como Antropoceno, una epoca geológica determinada por la acción humana. Es posible entonces denominar revolución al acontecimiento, expresión de una crisis climático-ambiental de vigencia ineludible. En ese sentido se trata de la inscripción de la reciente revolución política en el marco de un agotamiento de las categorías que han estructurado el ordenamiento político moderno y que invita a la consideración de un nuevo esquema político donde la naturaleza, la animalidad, la geología y otros elementos “no representados” tomen parte activa de la conformación política y social. No es el último movimiento político, sino uno de los primeros.
Con cuerpo y sin cuerpo: Naturaleza/ Tecnología y un nudo entre ambos
Authors: Miranda Meza Andrea 
Published: May 2021

El cuerpo implica una alteridad, un lazo social que permite la construcción subjetiva. La tecnología le permite hacerse un cuerpo propio, construir un nuevo cuerpo de diferentes maneras.
Las tecnologías en el cuerpo, la salud, las maneras de alimentarse y de habitar un espacio, esta intervención no es sólo en cada cuerpo individual sino también al conjunto del cuerpo social. El espacio entero de las existencias se politiza sobre el cuerpo.
La evolución humana podrá depender de la tecnología ¿Qué somos o estamos dejando de ser? Muchas de las preguntas dominan el paisaje de las respuestas especulativas en las que, el cuerpo, constituye el punto central. En este contexto, el cuerpo adquiere una importancia en la crítica social y la tecnología, nos permite conocer mejor las estructuras mediante el cual, el cuerpo como un conjunto de instalaciones, revelan el mapa de lo corporal en el momento presente.
“My Language Learners Seemed Like Ghosts”: A Rural Teacher’s Transformational Journey Implementing the Seal of Biliteracy
Authors: Marichal Nidza , Rosario Roldán Arelis , Coady Maria 
Published: May 2021

This paper describes the personal and professional journey taken by one secondary Spanish teacher to implement the Seal of Biliteracy (SoBL) for English learners (ELs) in a rural Florida school district. The teacher’s goal was to promote bilingual pride among her ELs and to validate their bilingual abilities, which had been frequently unrecognized in the community. This promising practice in a rural Florida district demonstrated two important transformations: first was the teacher’s personal views about bilingualism as an asset rather than a deficit, and second was the instructional practices she employed and fierce advocacy for the ELs in her rural secondary school. Ultimately, the work of the teacher disrupted inequities that her bilingual students faced and positively affected her EL students’ views of bilingualism and their lives in the rural school community.
Electrical degradation and recovery of NiO/ZnO visible-light-transparent flexible solar cells
Authors: Kim Joonam , Kato Naruhide , Chichibu Shigefusa F. , Sugiyama Mutsumi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fundamental photovoltaic parameters such as current density–voltage characteristics of flexible NiO/ZnO solar cells were investigated; the study revealed the degradation and recovery properties of the cells. The open-circuit voltage and shunt resistance of the flexible NiO/ZnO solar cells tended to decrease subsequent to bending; however, the short-circuit current and series resistance remained constant. This indicated that the number of defects caused by bending tend to increase proximate to the NiO/ZnO interface as compared to that of the bulk of the flexible solar cell. Moreover, the decreased solar cell performance caused by bending improved through heat treatment at 150 °C for 15 min. The results obtained could serve as the first step towards the realization of flexible visible-light-transparent solar cells using polycrystalline films.
Monolithic microcavity second harmonic generation device using low birefringence paraelectric material without polarity-inverted structure
Authors: Nambu Tomoaki , Nagata Takumi , Umeda Soshi , Shiomi Keishi , Fujiwara Yasufumi , Hikosaka Toshiki , Mannan Abdul , Bagsican Filchito Renee G. , Serita Kazunori , Kawayama Iwao , Tonouchi Masayoshi , Uemukai Masahiro , Tanikawa Tomoyuki , Katayama Ryuji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We proposed a monolithic microcavity wavelength conversion device without a polarity-inverted structure. The device consists of a low birefringence paraelectric material and a dielectric material. A fundamental wave intensity is enhanced significantly in the microcavity with two distributed Bragg reflectors, and a second-harmonic wave is efficiently generated in a very short region close to a coherence length. As a first step of this study, we used GaN as a device material, and succeeded in the blue second harmonic generation with a wavelength of 428 nm.
Interaction between two Bloch oscillating electron groups in a biased semiconductor superlattice created by a pair of temporally shifted optical pulses
Authors: Unuma Takeya , Hoshino Tomoya , Nagahashi Kenta , Ueda Kosuke 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We investigate the interaction between two Bloch oscillating electron groups in a GaAs-based superlattice created by a pair of temporally shifted optical pulses, observing terahertz waveforms emitted by the second group in the presence of the first group. The terahertz emission exhibits gradual reductions in its resonance frequency and dephasing time as the temporal difference increases to a few hundred ps. This suggests that the first group interacts with the second group mainly via field screening and phonons. The initial oscillation phase of the second group, corresponding to its inversionless terahertz gain, is not affected by the first group.
CORRELATION PARENTS COMMUNICATION TO FREE SEX BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENT IN SMA NEGERI 5 PEMATANGSIANTAR IN 2017
Authors: Saragih Hanna Sriyanti 
Published: May 2021

Conflict in the family often occurs due to poor communication between parents and children. Parents who are equally busy, causing the intensity and quality of communication to be very less and not infrequently also cause disputes between them. Through communication, parents should be the primary source of information and educators about free sex behavior on their teenagers.
This method aims to analyze the relationship of parent communication (openness, empathy, supportive attitude, positive attitude and equality) to free sex behavior in adolescents in SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar. The type of this research is an analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study is the students of SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar class XI which amounted to 160 people. A sample of 20 people, taken with cluster sampling technique. Data were obtained by using questioner, analyzed by chi square test at ? = 5%.
Based on the initial survey conducted, it was found that around 60% not have free sex. This situation is related to good communication between parents and children, especially communication about sex and good sex education from parents to children who have already obtained children from parents.
The conclusions that parents and children are expected to maintain joint communication with free sex behavior of SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar, to students of SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar always improve self-control and be able to withstand a momentary desire or drive that is contrary to inappropriate behavior with social norms and to SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar public still pay attention to students and direct students not to have free sex.

Keywords : Parent Communication, Free Sex Behavior, Adolescent
Keikutsertaan dalam kelas antenatal Dapat menurunkan intensitas nyeri persalinan Kala 1 fase aktif
Authors: Nainggolan Lenny 
Published: May 2021

The antenatal classes are means of learning activity for pregnant woman, together in a group which aimed to increase their knowledge and skills. During the labor process, there are various problems that may occur in the mother, one of which is labor pain. Efforts that can be made to reduce the pain problems are through the implementation of antenatal classes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of antenatal classes and the intensity of labor pain during the active phase of labor. This is an observasional analytic study with cohort design in 33 mothers who attended the antenatal classes. The sampling tehnique that used is consecutive sampling and the data were analyzed by chi-square. As the results of data analysis on the relationship between the antenatal class and the intensity of labor pain during the first stage of active phase, the value of p = 0.000. The P value < 0.05. The results of data analysis obtained that there was a relationship between the antenatal class and the intensity of the labor pain during the first stage of the active phase. Midwives are expected to be able to increase the quality of antenatal classes and can attract the interest of the community, especially pregnant woman to actively participate antenatal classes.
EDUKASI ONLINE TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MENJAGA ORAL HYGIENE SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Iatassomi Fateh Hayati 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Oral health and hygiene reflect a person's health condition entirely. High prevalence on COVID-19 cases are likely to connect with lack of oral hygiene maintenance. Education is one of knowledge changes towards an educative method with well-planned, systematic, and directed activity with active participation from person, group, or community to solve the problems, considering economic and cultural backgrounds. Oral hygiene maintenance during COVID-19 pandemic is important because it can help us to improve our immunity system. The purpose of this research is to determine the online education effect towards oral hygiene maintenance level during COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted by cross sectional analysis. Samples were collected with accidental sampling technique and data were collected by questionnaires. The results of this research with paired t test statistical analysis showed p value= 0,001 (p<0,05), which means that there are significant differences between oral and dental hygiene behavior during COVID-19 pandemic before and after online education. From this research, it stated that there were significant differences in online education effect towards oral hygiene maintenance knowledge changes during COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRAK
Oral Hygiene yang baik menunjukkan status kesehatan keseluruhan individu. Tingginya kasus covid-19 kemungkinan ada hubungannya dengan kurang pengetahuan tentang menjaga oral hygiene. Mengedukasi merupakan salah satu perubahan pengetahuan manusia melalui pendekatan edukatif dengan mengikuti rangkaian kegiatan yang terencana, sistematik, terarah dengan peran aktif kelompok, individu, ataupun masyarakat, untuk menyelesaikan masalah dengan memperhitungkan faktor budaya dan ekonomi sosial Menjaga oral hygiene di masa pandemi covid-19 juga tidak kalah penting, karena dengan menjaga oral hygiene dapat menyempurnakan sistem kekebalan tubuh.Tujuan penelitian ini apakah adanya pengaruh edukasi online terhadap tingkat pengetahuan menjaga oral hygiene selama pandemi covid-19. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan analytic cross sectional. Pengumpulan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik accidental sampling. Data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh uji statistik paired t test diperoleh p value = 0,001 (p<0,05) yang berarti bahwa ada perbedaan secara signifikan pengetahuan menjaga oral hygiene di masa pandemi covid-19 sebelum dan sesudah edukasi online. Hasil penelitian dapat dinyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh edukasi online terhadap perubahan pengetahuan menjaga oral hygiene terhadap perubahan pengetahuan menjaga oral hygiene di masa pandemi covid-19.