bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continued Exploration of Trifunctional Alkyl 4-Chloro-2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates: Streamlined Entry into [1,2,3]Triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazines and [1,2,3]Triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazepines
Authors: Dar’in Dmitry , Krasavin Mikhail , Budeev Anton V. , Kantin Grigory 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFurther exploration of the trifunctional character of previously introduced alkyl 4-chloro-2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates in reactions with N-protected substituted o-aminophenols followed by deprotection provided a convenient entry into [1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazines, which are of high medicinal importance, as documented in the literature. The same approach applied to N-protected substituted o-(aminomethyl)phenols afforded [1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazepines, which are practically unexplored compounds from a medicinal chemistry perspective. The syntheses start with SN2-type alkylation of the phenol. Removal of the protecting group triggers imine formation followed by Wolff 1,2,3-triazole synthesis.
Enantioselective Indium-Catalyzed Transformations
Authors: Pellissier Hélène 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis review updates the field of enantioselective indium-catalyzed transformations of all types since 2012. It shows that asymmetric indium catalysis, that suits the growing demand for greener processes, offers a real opportunity to replace toxic metals in the near future.1	Introduction2	Allylations, Propargylations, and Allenylations of Carbonyl Compounds and Derivatives2.1	Allylations2.2	Propargylations and Allenylations3	Cycloadditions3.1	Hetero-Diels–Alder Cycloadditions3.2	1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions4	Miscellaneous Reactions5	Domino and Tandem Reactions6	Conclusion
Efficient Copper-Catalysed Synthesis of Carbazoles by Double N-Arylation of Primary Amines with 2,2′-Dibromobiphenyl in the Presence of Air
Authors: Hung Tran Quang , Dang Tuan Thanh , Langer Peter , Do Ha Nam , Quan Nguyen Minh , Van Phuc Ban , Van Tinh Dinh , Tien Nguyen Quyet , Nga Truong Thi Thanh , Nguyen Van Tuyen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn efficient Cu-catalyzed synthesis of carbazole derivatives is reported, which proceeds by double C–N coupling reactions of 2,2′-dibromobiphenyl and amines in the presence of air. The reaction is robust, proceeds in high yields, and tolerates a series of amines including neutral, electron-rich, electron-deficient aromatic amines and aliphatic amines.
Image of the Month: Enterocolitis Following a Pull-through for Total Colonic Hirschsprung Disease in a 2-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Apte Anisha , McKenna Elise , Levitt Marc A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe present a case of a 2-year-old boy with total colonic Hirschsprung disease (HD) who underwent an ileostomy as a newborn, and then colectomy and pull-through at 10 months of age. Since then he has presented four times with enterocolitis. The case is presented with a focus on evaluating patients with HD who present with obstructive symptoms following corrective surgery. A key image is presented along with questions formatted as a quiz to guide readers through critically evaluating the case.
Cycling Exercise Training Enhances Platelet Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fu Tieh-Cheng , Lin Ming-Lu , Hsu Chih-Chin , Huang Shu-Chun , Lin Yu-Ting , Wang Jong-Shyan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractExercise training influences the risk of vascular thrombosis in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Mitochondrial functionalities in platelets involve the cellular bioenergetics and thrombogenesis. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of cycling exercise training (CET) on platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics in PAD patients. Forty randomly selected patients with PAD engaged in general rehabilitation (GR) with CET (i.e., cycling exercise at ventilation threshold for 30 minute/day, 3 days/week) (GR + CET, n = 20) or to a control group that only received GR course (n = 20) for 12 weeks. Systemic aerobic capacity and platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics that included oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and electron transport system (ETS) were measured using automatic gas analysis and high-resolution respirometry, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that GR + CET for 12 weeks significantly (1) elevated VO2peak and lowered VE-VCO2 slope, (2) raised resting ankle-brachial index and enhanced cardiac output response to exercise, (3) increased the distance in 6-minute walk test and raised the Short Form-36 physical/mental component scores, and (4) enhanced capacities of mitochondrial OXPHOS and ETS in platelets by activating FADH2 (complex II)-dependent pathway. Moreover, changes in VO2peak levels were positively associated with changes in platelet OXPHOS and ETS capacities. However, no significant changes in systemic aerobic capacity, platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) occurred following GR alone. Hence, we conclude that CET effectively increases the capacities of platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics by enhancing complex II activity in patients with PAD. Moreover, the exercise regimen also enhanced functional exercise capacity, consequently improving HRQoL in PAD patients.
Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Stroke
Authors: D'Souza Caitlin E. , Greenway Melanie R. F. , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Meschia James F. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDespite substantial advances in stroke care, vascular cognitive impairment remains a prominent source of disability. Unlike sensorimotor impairments, cognition often continues to decline after stroke. An aging population will increase the prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment, with stroke playing an important role. Ten percent of patients presenting with stroke have pre-stroke dementia; an additional 10% will develop incident dementia with a first stroke, and 30% with a recurrent stroke. While stroke increases the risk of cognitive impairment, the presence of cognitive impairment also impacts acute stroke treatment and increases risk of poor outcome by nearly twofold. There is substantial overlap in the clinical and pathological aspects of vascular and degenerative dementias in many patients. How they relate to one another is controversial. The treatment of vascular cognitive impairment remains supportive, focusing on treating vascular risk factors. Cognitive rehabilitation after stroke is an area of active research, and existing pharmacologic treatments have limited benefit. Heightened awareness of cognitive impairment in the setting of stroke is imperative for prognostication and management, impetus for research and, ultimately, the discovery of efficacious treatments.
5.2.31 Product Subclass 31: Silylated Stannanes
Authors: Hlina J. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter is focussed on the preparation of silylated stannanes by silicon–tin bond formation, and the applications of these compounds in organic synthesis. The synthetic methods are organized according to the reaction type used for the silicon–tin bond formation. The discussion begins with the reductive coupling of silicon and tin electrophiles, a Wurtz-type coupling reaction, which is a workhorse of heavier group 14 synthesis. This is followed by a presentation of reactions of such electrophiles with anionic tin or silicon compounds, allowing for the synthesis of more complicated catenates. Then, the formation of silylated stannanes by insertion of stannylenes or silylenes into reactive group 14–main group element bonds is described. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the wide range of applications of silylated stannanes in organic synthesis.
32.3.8.2 1-Nitrogen-Functionalized 2-(Organooxy)alkenes (Update 2021)
Authors: Grimmer J. , Krieg S.-C. , Manolikakes G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 32.3.8) covering the synthesis of 1-nitrogen-functionalized 2-(organooxy)alkenes. It focuses on the literature published in the period 2006 to 2019.
42.6.6 Cyclic Phosphines (Update 2021)
Authors: Gudat D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 42.6) describing methods for the synthesis of cyclic phosphines. Thus, the focus is on secondary and tertiary phosphines with a phosphorus atom that is part of a saturated or partially unsaturated ring. Significant developments published in the period 2008 to 2019 are reviewed.
Iqra reading verification with mel frequency cepstrum coefficient and dynamic time warping
Authors: Wibowo Adi Saputro , Darmawan I Dewa Made Bayu Atmaja 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Al-Quran is a holy book of guidance from Allah SWT that was revealed through Prophet Muhammad SAW for Muslims. Muslims should learn to read Al-Quran properly and correctly. One of the methods in learning the Al-Quran is the Iqra method. Iqra method is learning in reading and writing the Al-Quran by using Iqra books delivered classically and individually. Learning methods will continue to be developed to adapt to current conditions. As technology develops today, the method of learning the Al-Quran has also developed, one of which is using sound. In this research, the writer will create a system that verifies the sound of reading the Iqra which is one of the basic methods in learning to read the Al-Quran. The system is designed using the Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) method as a voice feature extension and the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) method for matching the results of the voice features. In this study, the best accuracy in the Iqra reading sound was found to be 82% with 13 MFCC coefficients.
Restricted size Ramsey number for 2K
2 versus disconnected graphs of order six
Authors: Safitri E , John P , Silaban D R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Given simple graphs F, G, and H. We say F arrows (G, H) if for any red-blue coloring of the edge of F, we find either a red-colored graph G or a blue-colored graph H. The Ramsey number r(G, H) is the smallest positive integer r such that a complete graph K

r
arrows (G, H). The size Ramsey number is the smallest positive integer

r

ˆ

such that a graph F with the size of

r

ˆ

arrows (G, H). The restricted size Ramsey number is the smallest positive integer r
∗ such that a graph F, of order r(G, H) with the size of r
∗, arrows (G, H). In this paper we give the restricted size Ramsey number of a matching of two edges and any disconnected graphs of order six with no isolates.
Properties of characteristic polynomial and eigenvalues of antiadjacency matrix of directed unicyclic helm graph
Authors: Okfradifa Rizky P. , Aminah Siti , Sugeng Kiki A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A directed unicyclic graph is a directed graph that has only one directed cycle subgraph. A directed unicyclic helm graph

H

n

→

is obtained from a directed wheel graph

W

n

→

by adjoining a directed pendant edge at each vertex of the cycle. A directed graph can be represented into several matrix representations, one of them is the antiadjacency matrix. The antiadjacency matrix is a matrix in which the entries represent whether there is a directed edge from one vertex to another. This paper discusses the general form of the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial that obtained by adding all of the determinants of antiadjacency matrix from each induced acyclic and cyclic subgraphs. The eigenvalues of the antiadjacency matrix of the directed unicyclic helm graph obtained by polynomial factorization. The result obtained denotes that the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial and eigenvalues of the antiadjacency matrix depend on the number of vertices of the cycle subgraphs of directed unicyclic helm graph.
Survival analysis of breast cancer patients in Yogyakarta
Authors: Ivan Ariful Fathoni M. , Gunardi  , Adi-Kusumo Fajar , Hutajulu Susanna Hilda 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A WHO survey conducted revealed that 8-9 percent of women in the world have breast cancer. The highest cancer incidence in Indonesia is breast cancer. The highest prevalence of cancer is in Yogyakarta (4.1 / mile). This research is vital to aim to assess the length of life of patients and prognostic factors associated with survival of breast cancer patients. Research subjects were breast cancer patients who went to dr. Sardjito hospital. Subject data were taken from patient medical records from July 2018 - July 2020. This study used a survival analysis (Cox proportional hazard method), with variables used including neutrophils, lymphocytes, SGOT, albumin, chemotherapy regimens, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, karnofsky index, and stadium are independent variables that will be tested on patient survival as the dependent variable. Using kaplan meier, the -ln[-ln S(t)] curve, and the global test, it is found that all variables meet the proportional hazard assumption. Cox regression analysis used there are two stages, namely bivariate and multivariate analysis. All variables by bivariate analyzed were performed to multivariate analysis. The most significant factors based on multivariate analysis are chemotherapy regimen, hormonal therapy, and stages. This result is expected to provide medical advice regarding the proper treatment of breast cancer patients.
The application of vector autoregressive integrated with exogenous variable to model the relationship between covid-19 positive numbers with population growth rate
Authors: Akbar M F , Octaviany E , Toharudin T , Ruchjana B N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Vector Autoregressive Integrated with Exogenous Variable (VARIX) model can be used to examine the relationship between covid-19 positive case numbers (as endogenous variables) and population growth rate (as exogenous variables) while predicting covid-19 positive case numbers. In this paper, we apply the VARIX model to covid-19 phenomena in two regencies/cities in West Java Province, Bandung and Purwakarta. The results of the analysis show that the VARIX model is a suitable model used to describe the intended relationship. The VARIX model has a good forecasting ability characterized by a relatively small MAPE value. The exogenous variables show positive results, so it can be concluded that the positive covid-19 numbers in Bandung City and Purwakarta Regency have a positive correlation with the population growth rate in West Java Province.
PCA and projection pursuits on high dimensional data reduction
Authors: Permanasasi Y , Falah A N , Marethi I , Ruchjana B N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The flood of multimedia data has affected various fields of research, including multimedia retrieval, database management, data mining, machine learning, social media analysis, image processing and so on. Many digital multimedia data collections are made in various fields and application contexts not only in advertising or journalism, but also often used in the context of cultural heritage applications, web search, or geographical information. Digital multimedia data is created in various formats and media modalities and available worldwide every day. The higher the quantity of data, the higher the complexity, diversity, dimensions and multy modality, so that multimedia data grows exponentially. To reduce the impact of high-dimensional data, data reduction is carried out. Data reduction plays an important role in classification. Therefore the selection of data reduction techniques must be done carefully. Principal Component Transform is widely used in data reduction. This analysis attempts to eliminate correlations between bands and further determines the optimal linear combination of original data dimensions for variations in the value of data pixels. The mathematical principle of Principal Component depends on the decomposition of eigenvalues from the covariance matrix of the data matrix. When multimedia data is smaller or covered by data noise, Principal Component is no longer efficient at reducing. To overcome this, Projection Pursuit was introduced using sphering matrices and invariant translations in the transformations. In Projection Pursuits, only data that is considered interesting will be transformed. Optimization of reduced data selection is based on the maximum value of the projection index generated. The projection index used is Skewness and Kurtosis because it is considered in accordance with the data used, the CASI image of Bogor city.
Spatial panel data model on human development index at Central Java
Authors: Yulianti S , Widyanigsih Y , Nurrohmah S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Human development is one of the ways to create human resources that have the ability to drives the economy. It is become the focus of Indonesia’s government attention and listed on several programs implemented at the global and national levels. Human development is measured by one composite index known as the Human Development Index (HDI). HDI is often used as a measure of government success in human development. Human development in Indonesia could vary because it depends on the policies of each region, so in a region, it could give an influence between regencies or cities. In this study, focus of attention is Central Java because HDI in this region has always increased from 2017 to 2019. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors that affect HDI on regencies or cities in Central Java from 2017 to 2019. Factors used in this study based on previous research are gross regional domestic product, high school participation rates, population density, labor force participation rates, percentage of poor population, and percentage of households with proper sanitation. Based on this study the observed data contains location information, so these observations could be spatially correlated. Method that could handle the issue and also observed in three time periods (years) is spatial panel data model. The spatial panel data model in this study is divided into two, known as spatial lag panel data model and spatial error panel data model. Based on the comparison of two models, it is obtained that the best model could explain the Human Development Index at Central Java from 2017 to 2019 is spatial lag panel data model with all the explanatory variables significant.
Information diffusion model using continuous time Markov chain on social media
Authors: Firdaniza  , Ruchjana B N , Chaerani D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
On social media, information spreads quickly and can affect other users. In order for information to spread to many users, it is important to know how the information diffusion model or the flow of information is and who is the influencer on social media. In this paper, the Information Diffusion Model in social media was developed using the Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC). The tweet-retweet activity of social media users such as on Twitter can be seen as the CTMC model, because it fulfills the nature of Markov, i.e. retweets from subsequent users depend only on the current user’s retweet and do not depend on the retweet history of previous users. Users engaged in retweet tweets are state of CTMC. By using the tweet-retweet network simulation data including 10 users and 4 topics, the influencer rankings were obtained. An influencer rating is determined not only by the number of retweets, but also by the time it takes to get those retweets.
Intensification of corn fertilizer system under irrigation conditions in the Chechen republic
Authors: Adaev N L , Amaeva A G , Khamzatova M Kh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of studying options for the use of mineral and organic fertilizers in order to improve the nutritional conditions of corn during irrigation in the Chechen Republic. The studies were conducted in 2015-2017 on corn hybrids PR38A24 and Beshtau. Against the background of N90P120K60, the effectiveness of plant nutrition with the following agrochemicals was studied: Bioplant Flora 1 l/ha; Nagro 0.5 l/ha; mixture (Crystalon 3 kg/ha + Brexil Zn 0.15 kg/ha + urea 7 kg/ha). Against the background of N90P120K60 + fertilizing plants with a mixture of agrochemicals, the effectiveness of presowing seed treatment with fertilizers Bioplant Flora 1 l/t and Nagro 1 l/t was studied. Mineral fertilizers N90P120К60 and agrochemicals used for plant nutrition and seed treatment caused changes in the concentration of trace elements in corn grain. The content of trace elements in the grain was significantly lower than the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The studied options for fertilizer systems significantly increased the yield of corn. The maximum grain yield of PR38A24 and Beshtau hybrids was provided by the application of N90P120К60 mineral fertilizers in combination with fertilizing plants with a mixture of fertilizers (Kristallon + Brexil Zn + Urea) and pre-sowing seed treatment with organic fertilizer Bioplant Flora (14.4 and 12.1 t/ha), as well as organic fertilizer Nagro (15.4 and 12.0 t/ha). The starch content increased with the use of certain mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P120К60 in the grain of the PR38A24 hybrid to 77.28 % (6.64 %), the Beshtau hybrid – up to 73.02 % (10.39 %). The availability of grain protein PR38A24 hybrid increased to a greater extent (up to 9.89 %) due to the use of mineral fertilizers. In the grain of the Beshtau hybrid, the maximum protein content (12.28 %) was provided by a combination of mineral fertilizers with Bioplant Flora plant nutrition.
Agrochemical rationale for catholyte application in foliar fertilizing for winter wheat plants
Authors: Aleksandrova E A , Aleksandrov B L , Shramko G A , Khadisova Zh T , Akhmadova Kh Kh , Muzakaeva Kh S , Takaeva M A , Musaeva M A 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces a new method of foliar fertilizing for winter wheat plants with electrochemically activated water – catholyte as a component of fertilizer solvent. The authors specified most effective 20 % concentration of catholyte recommended for foliar fertilizing for winter wheat plants in tillering phase in spring. It is shown that the yield of winter wheat of “Delta” variety due to multicomponent complex fertilizer (MCF) increased by 19.2 % (control 5.34 t/ha) and “Tanya” variety with FlorGumat Fertilizer of natural origin − by 8.7 % (control − 4.7 t/ha) while ensuring the food grain quality of the 4th class.
Natural growth and development stimulants of Lucerne plants
Authors: Bekuzarova S A , Farniev A T , Kozyrev A Kh , Kokoev H P , Lushchenko G V , Gishkaeva L S , Sabanova A A , Kozyreva M Yu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Natural sources of local origin are given: zeolite-containing clays, Karmadon mineral water containing boron, bacterial fertilizers prepared on the basis of nodule bacteria of old-growth lucerne plants. Processing a mixture of these sources of raw materials increases productivity and quality of the studied varieties of lucerne. It is experimentally proved that the germination of hard-shelled seeds increases, as well as the feed and seed productivity of the plants. This increases the nitrogen-fixing ability of cultivated crops. Before exposure to stimulants, seeds were scarified, due to which germination increased by 20 percent or more. The biological yield of seeds increased from 17.5 to 29.8 g/m2, and the number of nodule bacteria on the root system of one plant increased from 130 to 194 pieces. The yield of green fodder increased in the control group from 17.2 to 23.4 t/ha in the optimal variant was also noted.