bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epicardial adipose tissue may predict new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Eren Hayati , Omar Muhammed Bahadir , Kaya Ülker , Öcal Lütfi , Yilmaz Mehmet Fatih , Akkan Sedat 
Published: September 2021

Aims
In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between EAT thickness in patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and the development of new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospital follow-up.

Material and methods
Four hundred and thirteen consecutive patients [284 men (69%) and 129 women (31%)] with a mean age of 59 ± 11 years diagnosed with STEMI were included in this study. Atrial fibrillation developed in 52 (12.5%) patients during in-hospital follow-up and the remaining 361 patients were determined as the control group. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of age and sex. EAT thickness was measured using transthoracic echocardiography. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of atrial fibrillation.

Results
EAT thickness was higher in the group with atrial fibrillation than in the control group (P < 0.001). The SYNTAX risk score was higher in the atrial fibrillation group (P < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between EAT thickness and SYNTAX score (r = 0.523, P < 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, EAT was detected to be an independent predictor for the development of atrial fibrillation (odds ratio: 4.135, 95% confidence interval 1.245–8.176, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
EAT thickness is an important marker of atrial fibrillation development in STEMI patients in the post-pPCI period. We think that EAT thickness can be used as a cardioembolic risk factor in STEMI patients.
A comprehensive evaluation of pectinase, pectinmethylesterase and pectolyase activity
Authors: Rajbhar Karishma , Dawda Himanshu , Mukundan Usha 
Published: September 2021

Pectin polysaccharide has galacturonic acid with linear chains of α-(1–4)-linked D- galacturonic acid. Rhamnogalacturonan I pectins (RG-I) shows the existence of the repeating disaccharide 4-α-D-galacturonic acid-(1,2)-α-L- rhamnose, which acts as a backbone. Chiefly, D-galactose, L-arabinose, and D-xylose are the sugars types and its proportions of neutral sugars are varied according to the origin of pectin. Pectinase, pectinmethylesterase, and pectolyase enzymes have important applications in food, textile and agricultural industries. These enzymes play an important role in the breakdown of the central part of the plant cell wall. Pectin forms the center part of the plant cell wall. Pectins are termed as structural polysaccharide that has integrity for the steadiness of the plant cell wall. Citrate buffer of molarity 0.1 utilized to verify optimal pH along with temperature, for standardising enzyme activity of pectinase, pectolyase, and pectinmethylesterase by the dinitrosalicylic acid reagent method. Confirmatory check of enzyme’s activity was performed on plant leaves dried particles. Impact of catechin presence in enzyme reaction was too studied. Results delve into degradation of the plant polysaccharide by applying these enzymes. An increase in the monosaccharide galacturonic acid quantity was also significant. The highest release of the polyphenols was found due to pectolyase followed by pectinmethylesterase and pectinase. Pectinmethylesterase effect showed the maximum release of the flavonoids followed by pectinase and pectolyase which was remarkable.
UNKNOWN SYNODIC LIST WITH THE NAMES OF KILLED IN TROITSKY MAKARYEV MONASTERI FROM THE HANDS OF LISOWSKY
Authors: Авдеев Александр Григорьевич 
Published: September 2021

В статье публикуется неизвестный список погибших в Троицком Макарьеве Калязине монастыре во время его разорения Лисовским (май 1610 г.) из Синодика Троицкого Ипат. л.ьевского монастыря (Кострома). Данный источник позволил установить неизвестное до этого имя игумена Калязина монастыря - Григорий. В комплексе с другими источниками (аналогичной записью в Синодике Костромского Богоявленского монастыря, записями в Кормовой книге Калязина монастыря и грамотой, направленной царём Владиславом Жигимонтовичем в 1611 г. в Кашин) он позволяет восстановить достоверную картину разорения Калязина монастыря отрядом Лисовского и масштабы разгрома.
The paper publishes an unknown list with the names of killed in the Troitsky Makariev Kalyazin Monastery during his ruin of Lisovsky (May 1610) from the Synodik of the Troitsky Ipatiev Monastery (Kostroma). This source allowed to establish the unknown to this name of the Kalyazin Monastery of the Monastery - Gregory. In the complex with other sources (a similar list in the Synodik of the Kostroma Bogojavlensky Monastery, lists in the Kormovaja kniga of the Kalyazin Monastery and diploma, directed by the king Vladislav Zhigmontovich in 1611 in Kashin), it allows you to restore a reliable picture of the ruin of Kalyazin Monastery with a detachment of Lisovsky and the scale of defeat
ON LANGUAGE POLICY RESEARCH IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION
Authors: Цян Юэ 
Published: September 2021

Год 2021-й является для Шанхайской организации сотрудничества (ШОС) знаковым. В последние годы укрепляется сотрудничество между Китаем и государствами-членами ШОС в различных областях, таких как политика, экономика и торговля, гуманитарные науки, правосудие и безопасность. Несомненно, что основой и предпосылкой регионального сотрудничества является языковой обмен. С расширением масштабов Шанхайской организации сотрудничества, усилением международного влияния и углублением регионального сотрудничества везде необходим языковой обмен: от консультаций и разработки планов и мер регионального сотрудничества до реализации соответствующих стратегий, законов, планов и мер. В данной статье анализируется необходимость изучения языковой политики стран ШОС и текущее состояние исследований, прогнозируется направленность исследований в этой области и выражается надежда на продвижение исследований по этому вопросу.
The year 2021 is a landmark year for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). In recent years, cooperation between China and the SCO member states has been strengthened in various fields, such as politics, economy and trade, humanities, justice and security. There is no doubt that the basis and prerequisite for regional cooperation is language exchange. With the expansion of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the strengthening of international influence and the deepening of regional cooperation, language exchange is needed everywhere, from consultations and the development of regional cooperation plans and measures to the implementation of relevant strategies, laws, plans and measures. This article analyzes the need to study the language policy of the SCO countries and the current state of research, predicts the direction of research in this area and expresses hope for the promotion of research on this issue.
ГРОМАДСЬКА ТА ПОЛІТИЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЖІНОК У ГАЛИЧИНІ ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ АЛЬМАНАХІВ НАТАЛІ КОБРИНСЬКОЇ
Authors: Pavlyuh Maria 
Published: September 2021

Стаття присвячена висвітленню важливого історичного етапу у Галичині – боротьбі активних жінок за свої громадянські та політичні права. Активною формою боротьби жінок стала журналістська діяльність, публіцистична та літературна творчість у неперіодичних виданнях – альманахах, які видавала відома активістка Наталя Кобринська. Простежено боротьбу жінок за свої права через призму альманахів Наталі Кобринської. Досліджено історію видання альманахів Наталі Кобринської. Виокремлено жіночі альманахи як перший етап розвитку жіночої політичної преси в Галичині. Доведено, що жіночі альманахи – перші неперіодичні (із невизначеною періодикою) видання, у яких поширювалися ідеї емансипації. Проаналізовано структуру, зміст та статті активних жінок, які порушували перед громадськістю та суспільством актуальні проблеми українського жіноцтва.
У дослідженні проведено ґрунтовний аналіз тематичного та проблемного контенту жіночих альманахів. Завдяки описовому методу дослідження здійснено компаративний аналіз жіночих альманахів та виокремлено їхній громадсько-політичний характер. Відстежено тенденції розвитку українського жіночої руху в Галичині як форму громадянської і політичної боротьби української жінки за свої права. З’ясовано, що громадянська і політична діяльність жінок розвивалася у загальній тенденції боротьби української нації за власне самовизначення.
У науковій статті проаналізовано загальні тенденції розвитку активного політичного і громадського жіночого руху у країнах Європи, та українського жіночого руху як його важливої компоненти. З’ясовано, що український жіночий рух, жіночі неперіодичні (альманахові) видання та жіноча періодика активно розвивалися за європейськими традиціями. Встановлено, що жіночі неперіодичні видання – альманахи були зразками політичної жіночої літератури, яка стала передвісником політичної жіночої періодики.
Applying Blended Learning To Teach Vocabulary To Fourth Semester Students For English Department Students At Christian University Of Indonesia Toraja
Authors: Roni La’biran  
Published: September 2021

The goal of the research is to know the effect of blended learning applied in teaching vocabularies for the fourth semester students. The research used qualitative method. The subject of the research is lecturer and fourth semester students at Toraja Christian University of Indonesia. The data collected by using edmodo as a media that used in pretest and posttest and zoom application used presented. In the research has effective indicator in teaching process. After applying blended learning, the result showed raised score, it can be classified excellent is 4 percent, very good is 28 percent , and fair is 44 percent, and poor is 1 percent
Effect of tooth loss on social appearance anxiety and oral health-related quality of life among dental students
Authors: SAMUR ERGÜVEN Sara , KALYONCUOGLU Ulku Tugba 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the level of social appearance anxiety and oral health-related quality of life among dental students with and without tooth loss.
Methods: This case-control, single-center study was conducted on undergraduate dental students (n=205) from 1st to 4th year. The questionnaire that includes the following items: age, sex, number of missing teeth and location, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Oral Health Impact Profile -14 (OHIP-14) were distributed to students.
Results: There was no statistically significant relation between the presence of tooth loss and distribution of SAAS scores (p= 0.692). However, there was a statistically significant relation between presence of tooth loss and number of missing teeth, and the OHIP-14 scores (p = 0.002, p = 0.003). Factors of gender and location of missing teeth were not found to be significantly associated with SAAS and OHIP-14 scores (p>0.05). In addition, there was a positive and significant relationship between SAAS and OHIP-14 scores (p
Investigation of the effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the operation decision of the patients
Authors: ECE Cem , CANLI Şeyda , ÜNAL Ece Başak , ÇAKIR Orhan 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on healthcare organizations and patients. In our study, the effect of the pandemic period and the application of PCR test results on the decision to perform the operation were investigated.
Material Method
300 patients who applied to the Anesthesia outpatient clinic of … Hospital were included in our study. In the collection of data, the Individual Introduction Form with 17 questions prepared by the research team in line with the literature was used. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM® SPSS® 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software. The conformity of the variables to the normal distribution was examined using analytical methods (Kolmogorov-Smirnov/Shapiro-Wilk tests).
Results
In our study, 50 patients (16.7%) reported that the pandemic caused a change in the decision to undergo surgery. This rate was found to be 12.1% (n=20) in patients who will undergo elective surgery and 22.2% (n=30) in patients who will undergo emergency or oncological surgery. In our study, it was determined that the effect of the pandemic on the operation decision was not affected by gender, age and educational status. The effect of the pandemic on the operation decision was found to be statistically significantly higher in patient groups who had Covid-19 infection in themselves or in their immediate surroundings during the pandemic period. Likewise, all of the people who lost their lives due to Covid-19 in their immediate vicinity stated that there was a change in the operation decision. It was observed that the pandemic had no effect in the process of giving a new operation in patients who had been operated during the pandemic period. 90.4% (n=122) of those who will undergo emergency or oncological surgery answered "I would not have been operated on if there was an elective operation". It was observed that PCR had an effect on the decision-making process in all patient groups.
Result
The results of our study showed that the pandemic was closely followed by all patient groups and that demographic data did not affect the operation decision of the patient groups; It has been shown that he or his close friends have been affected by the Covid 19 infection and the losses are effective in the decision-making process. The reliability of health institutions during the pandemic process is also effective in the decision-making process. According to the PCR test results, admission to the operating room was effective in the decision-making process for all patient groups.
COUNTERPOINT: Theoretical and Empirical Basis for Equating Heart Rate Reserve with V̇o2 Reserve
Authors: Swain David P. , Franklin Barry A. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
In 1998, the American College of Sports Medicine recommended the use of % heart rate reserve (HRR) and % oxygen consumption reserve (V̇o2R) for providing equivalent exercise intensities based on limited research regarding the relationship of HR and V̇o2 from rest to maximal exercise. It further emphasized that the percentage of aerobic capacity, or %V̇o2max, does not provide equivalent intensities to %HRR and that this discrepancy is greater for individuals with lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, especially at low exercise intensities. This point/counterpoint examines additional research to evaluate these relationships.
Association of venous thromboembolism following pediatric traumatic spinal injuries with injury severity and longer hospital stays
Authors: Hauser Blake M. , Hoffman Samantha E. , Gupta Saksham , Zaki Mark M. , Xu Edward , Chua Melissa , Bernstock Joshua D. , Khawaja Ayaz , Smith Timothy R. , Proctor Mark R. , Zaidi Hasan A. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, and may disproportionately occur in patients with limited mobility following spinal trauma. The authors aimed to characterize the epidemiology and clinical predictors of VTE in pediatric patients following traumatic spinal injuries (TSIs).

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of children who experienced TSI, including spinal fractures and spinal cord injuries, encoded within the National Trauma Data Bank from 2011 to 2014.

RESULTS
Of the 22,752 pediatric patients with TSI, 192 (0.8%) experienced VTE during initial hospitalization. Proportionally, more patients in the VTE group (77%) than in the non-VTE group (68%) presented following a motor vehicle accident. Patients developing VTE had greater odds of presenting with moderate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–4.8) or severe Glasgow Coma Scale scores (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 3.0–6.1), epidural hematoma (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4–5.7), and concomitant abdominal (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.8–3.3) and/or lower extremity (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.0) injuries. They also had greater odds of being obese (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.5). Neither cervical, thoracic, nor lumbar spine injuries were significantly associated with VTE. However, involvement of more than one spinal level was predictive of VTE (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7). Spinal cord injury at any level was also significantly associated with developing VTE (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8–3.5). Patients with VTE stayed in the hospital an adjusted average of 19 days longer than non-VTE patients. They also had greater odds of discharge to a rehabilitative facility or home with rehabilitative services (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8–3.6).

CONCLUSIONS
VTE occurs in a low percentage of hospitalized pediatric patients with TSI. Injury severity is broadly associated with increased odds of developing VTE; specific risk factors include concomitant injuries such as cranial epidural hematoma, spinal cord injury, and lower extremity injury. Patients with VTE also require hospital-based and rehabilitative care at greater rates than other patients with TSI.
Association of findings on preoperative extension lateral cervical radiography with osteotomy type, approach, and postoperative cervical alignment after cervical deformity surgery
Authors: Le Hai V. , Wick Joseph B. , Lafage Renaud , Mundis Gregory M. , Eastlack Robert K. , Bess Shay , Burton Douglas C. , Ames Christopher P. , Smith Justin S. , Passias Peter G. , Gupta Munish C. , Lafage Virginie , Klineberg Eric O. , _ _ 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
The authors’ objective was to determine whether preoperative lateral extension cervical spine radiography can be used to predict osteotomy type and postoperative alignment parameters after cervical spine deformity surgery.

METHODS
A total of 106 patients with cervical spine deformity were reviewed. Radiographic parameters on preoperative cervical neutral and extension lateral radiography were compared with 3-month postoperative radiographic alignment parameters. The parameters included T1 slope, C2 slope, C2–7 cervical lordosis, cervical sagittal vertical axis, and T1 slope minus cervical lordosis. Associations of radiographic parameters with osteotomy type and surgical approach were also assessed.

RESULTS
On extension lateral radiography, patients who underwent lower grade osteotomy had significantly lower T1 slope, T1 slope minus cervical lordosis, cervical sagittal vertical axis, and C2 slope. Patients who achieved more normal parameters on extension lateral radiography were more likely to undergo surgery via an anterior approach. Although baseline parameters were significantly different between neutral lateral and extension lateral radiographs, 3-month postoperative lateral and preoperative extension lateral radiographs were statistically similar for T1 slope minus cervical lordosis and C2 slope.

CONCLUSIONS
Radiographic parameters on preoperative extension lateral radiography were significantly associated with surgical approach and osteotomy grade and were similar to those on 3-month postoperative lateral radiography. These results demonstrated that extension lateral radiography is useful for preoperative planning and predicting postoperative alignment.
Preoperative prediction of postoperative urinary retention in lumbar surgery: a comparison of regression to multilayer neural network
Authors: Porche Ken , Maciel Carolina B. , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Robicsek Steven A. , Chalouhi Nohra , Brennan Meghan , Busl Katharina M. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common complication after spine surgery and is associated with prolongation of hospital stay, increased hospital cost, increased rate of urinary tract infection, bladder overdistention, and autonomic dysregulation. POUR incidence following spine surgery ranges between 5.6% and 38%; no reliable prediction tool to identify those at higher risk is available, and that constitutes an important gap in the literature. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a preoperative risk model to predict the occurrence of POUR following routine elective spine surgery.

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective chart review of consecutive adults who underwent lumbar spine surgery between June 1, 2017, and June 1, 2019. Patient characteristics, preexisting ICD-10 codes, preoperative pain and opioid use, preoperative alpha-1 blocker use, details of surgical planning, development of POUR, and management strategies were abstracted from electronic medical records. A binomial logistic model and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) were optimized using training and validation sets. The models’ performance was then evaluated on model-naïve patients (not a part of either cohort). The models were then stacked to take advantage of each model’s strengths and to avoid their weaknesses. Four additional models were developed from previously published models adjusted to include only relevant factors (i.e., factors known preoperatively and applied to the lumbar spine).

RESULTS
Overall, 891 patients were included in the cohort, with a mean of 59.6 ± 15.5 years of age, 52.7% male, BMI 30.4 ± 6.4, American Society of Anesthesiologists class 2.8 ± 0.6, and a mean of 5.6 ± 5.7 comorbidities. The rate of POUR was found to be 25.9%. The two models were comparable, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.737 for the regression model and 0.735 for the neural network. By combining the two models, an AUC of 0.753 was achieved. With a regression model probability cutoff of 0.24 and a neural network cutoff of 0.23, maximal sensitivity and specificity were achieved, with specificity 68.2%, sensitivity 72.9%, negative predictive value 88.2%, and positive predictive value 43.4%. Both models individually outperformed previously published models (AUC 0.516–0.645) when applied to the current data set.

CONCLUSIONS
This predictive model can be a powerful preoperative tool in predicting patients who will be likely to develop POUR. By using a combination of regression and neural network modeling, good sensitivity, specificity, and NPV are achieved.