bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biopharmaceutical innovation ecosystems: a theoretical model and the case of Lombardy
Authors: Bettanti Alberto , Lanati Antonella , Missoni Alessandro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine value creation pathways in biopharma innovation ecosystems (IEs) by establishing a theoretical model and providing insights into the Lombardy case.Methodology – A two-step research strategy has been adopted. First, a panel study of the top IE stakeholder representatives was organized through semistructured interviews. Concurrently, a quantitative phase was carried out by collecting data to recognize the value creation pathways within the Lombardy biopharma IE.Findings – The major paper findings lie in the developed theoretical IE model and its application to the Lombardy case, which provides a common basis of analysis for different biopharma IEs, e.g., Boston-Cambridge, San Francisco Bay area, Cambridge UK. The final thesis of the paper advocates the idea that although the Boston-Cambridge economic and technical figures show an IE that is extraordinarily different from the Lombardy IE, the latter has evolved based on its inherent limits and strengths and succeeded in deploying remarkable value creation pathways toward niche-biopharma markets and health and med-tech markets.Value – This paper represents one of the first attempts to systematically and longitudinally analyze biopharma IE from a holistic perspective. The holistic and systemic framework developed in the paper can help to understand the potential of the IE approach for the biopharmaceutical industry. In this context, it is notable that multiplayer concurrent engagement through specific comparative advantages is an essential requirement for pursuing cutting-edge innovation within the biopharma industry.
New insights into the identity of Discolaimium dubium Das, Khan and Loof, 1969 (Dorylaimida) as derived from its morphological and molecular characterization, with the proposal of its transference to Aporcella Andrássy, 2002
Authors: Vazifeh Nasir , Niknam Gholamreza , Jabbari Habibeh , Naghavi Arezoo , Peña-Santiago Reyes 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Three Iranian populations of Discolaimium dubium are studied, including their morphological and morphometric characterization, molecular analysis (LSU-rDNA) and the description of the male for the first time. For comparative purposes, this species is distinguished by its 1.10 to 1.40 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction and 8 to 10 µm wide, odontostyle 7.5 to 10.5 µm long with aperture occupying 59 to 76% of total length, neck 300 to 362 µm, pharyngeal expansion 127 to 181 µm long or 44 to 46% of the total neck length, uterus simple and 38 to 53 µm or 1.2 to 1.5 times the body diameter long, V = 52 to 58, tail conical (32-38 µm, c = 32-43, c′ = 1.6-2.0) with rounded tip and a hyaline portion occupying 14 to 15% of tail length, spicules 30 to 32 µm long, and two or three widely space ventromedian supplements with hiatus. Both morphological and molecular data support its belonging to the genus Aporcella, whose monophyly is confirmed and to which the species is formally transferred as A. dubia (Das et al., 1969) comb. n.
Small-molecule Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase-Associated Ribonuclease H Function: Challenges and Recent Developments
Authors: Madia Valentina Noemi , Messore Antonella , De Leo Alessandro , Tudino Valeria , Pindinello Ivano , Saccoliti Francesco , De Vita Daniela , Scipione Luigi , Costi Roberta , Di Santo Roberto 
Published: March 2021

Multiple combinations of antiretroviral drugs have remarkably improved the
treatment of HIV-1 infection. However, life-long treatments and drug resistance are still an
open issue that requires continuous efforts for the identification of novel antiviral drugs.

Background:
The reverse transcriptase-associated ribonuclease H (RNase H) hydrolyzes
the HIV genome to allow synthesizing viral DNA. Currently, no RNase H inhibitors
(RHIs) have reached the clinical phase. Therefore, RNase H can be defined as an attractive
target for drug design.

Objective:
Despite the wealth of information available for RNase H domain, the development
of RHIs with high specificity and low cellular toxicity has been disappointing.
However, it is now becoming increasingly evident that reverse transcriptase is a highly
versatile enzyme, undergoing major structural alterations to complete its catalysis, and
that exists a close spatial and temporal interplay between reverse transcriptase polymerase
and RNase H domains. This review sums up the present challenges in targeting RNase H
encompassing the challenges in selectively inhibiting RNase H vs polymerase and/or
HIV-1 integrase and the weak antiviral activity of active site inhibitors, probably for a
substrate barrier that impedes small molecules to reach the targeted site. Moreover, the
focus is given on the most recent progress in the field of medicinal chemistry that has led
to the identification of several small molecules as RHIs in the last few years.

Conclusion:
RHIs could be a new class of drugs with a novel mechanism of action highly
precious for the treatment of resistant HIV strains.
Dissecting the therapeutic potency of antimicrobial peptides against microbial biofilms
Authors: Gupta Payal , Mishra Purusottam , Prasad Ramasare , Poluri Krishna Mohan 
Published: March 2021

:
Microbial resistance to conventional therapeutics has become a significant threat to human society. Biofilms serve as the major virulence factor for the microorganisms by resisting the antibiotics and host innate immune system. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional therapeutics due to their exceptional anti-biofilm and broad-spectrum antimicrobial property. Researchers have applied bioinformatics, genetic engineering, tissue culture, and drug delivery approaches to enhance the production and therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobial peptides. This review comprehensively describes the various aspects of AMPs with particular focus on their anti-biofilm potential. Other detailed information highlighted in this review includes different classes of AMPs, their mode of action, and anti-biofilm activity both alone and in synergy with other AMPs or conventional antibiotics. Further, challenges and opportunities of AMPs based drug delivery systems such as nano-formulations, polymeric micelles, and vesicles are also summarized.
Herbal Oils for Treatment of Chronic and Diabetic Wounds: A Systematic Review
Authors: Thomas Asha , Bankar Nilam , Nagore Dheeraj , Kothapalli Lata , Chitlange Sohan 
Published: March 2021

Background:
In the present scenario, diabetes is a growing health challenge, and its occurrence
is growing across the globe. Diabetes, with its complications like diabetic wounds, vasculopathy,
neuropathy, wound infections, and oxidative stress, is a serious cause of mortality worldwide.

Introduction:
Among the various complications, treatment of diabetic foot and ulcers is one of the
major concerns in patients who are suffering from diabetes. The causative factors for this condition
include increased oxidative stress, high blood glucose levels, vascular insufficiency, and microbial
infections, and many a time, if left untreated, it may even lead to amputations of the lower extremities.
The present therapy for the treatment of diabetic wounds mainly involves the use of synthetic
moieties and other biotechnology-derived biomolecules, including growth factors. Few plant products
are also useful in the treatment of wounds.

Method:
Essential oils derived from various herbs are reported to possess significant wound healing
potential and promote blood clotting, help to fight infections, and accelerate the wound healing
process. Hence, the present review is a systematic analysis of all the available data on the use of
the natural oils with their biological source, active phytochemical constituents present, and the
probable mechanism of action for the treatment of chronic and diabetic wounds in suitable animal
models. A methodical collection of data was performed, and information was searched up to April
2020 in entirety. Key phrases used for the data search include the pathophysiology of wounds, diabetic
foot wound and its complications, natural oils for chronic and diabetic wound treatment.

Results:
This review summarizes the natural oils which are reported in the literature to be beneficial
in the treatment of chronic wounds, while some oils have been specifically also studied against
wounds in diabetic rats. Essential oils are said to interact with the body pharmacologically, physiologically
and psychologically and help in rapid wound healing. However, the majority of the literature
studies have demonstrated wound healing activity only in animal models (preclinical data),
and further clinical studies are necessary.

Conclusion :
This review provides a platform for further studies on the effective utilization of natural
oils in the treatment of chronic and diabetic wounds, especially if oils are to receive credibility
in the management of chronic wounds.
Food Safety Knowledge and Self-reported Practices among Saudi Women
Authors: Arfaoui Leila , Mortada Maisa , Ghandourah Haneen , Alghafari Wejdan 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Foodborne diseases due to improper food handling in home kitchens are
among the most significant public health challenges worldwide.

Objective:
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate food safety knowledge and selfreported
practices among Saudi women.

Methods:
A total of 1490 women, aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this online survey.
Collected and cured data were analyzed using descriptive statistics via the SPSS software.
Chi-square (X2) test was performed to identify associations between variables. A p-value less
than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Participants showed an overall knowledge score of 16.53±2.8/23 points (72%). About
4.5%, 57.5% and 38% had low, intermediate and good knowledge scores, respectively. Women
had higher scores of knowledge in personal hygiene (5.2±0.8/6 points) and purchasing and storage
(5.8±1.2/8 points) compared to food preparation and cooking (4.5±1.8/8 points). The overall
practice score was 35.50±5.53/50 points (71%). About 7%, 52% and 41% of the participants
exhibited low, intermediate and good practices scores, respectively. Participants’ practice scores
of personal hygiene, utensils and equipment, purchasing and storage, and preparation and cooking
were 11.10±2.33/15, 6.38±1.47/8, 8.72±1.84/12 and 9.30±2.08/15, respectively. Among the
participants’ characteristics, women aged 26 years and older, those having marriage experience
and those with children had significantly higher food safety knowledge (p<0.001) than the young,
single and women without children. Moreover, women with higher levels of education and those
employed in health-related professions showed significantly higher knowledge and practice
scores than their counterparts (p<0.001).

Conclusion:
This study reported an intermediate overall food safety knowledge and practices
among most adult Saudi women. Therefore, further targeted public education programs focusing
mainly on food preparation and cooking are recommended to enhance women’s food safety
knowledge and practices and thereby improve overall public health.
Role of Brain Imaging in Drug Development for Psychiatry
Authors: den Boer Johan A. , de Vries Erik J.F. , Borra Ronald J.H. , Waarde Aren van , Lammertsma Adriaan A. , Dierckx Rudi A. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Over the last decades, many brain imaging studies have contributed to
new insights in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disease. However, in spite of these developments,
progress in the development of novel therapeutic drugs for prevalent psychiatric health conditions
has been limited.

Objective:
In this review, we discuss translational, diagnostic and methodological issues that have
hampered drug development in CNS disorders with a particular focus on psychiatry. The role of
preclinical models is critically reviewed and opportunities for brain imaging in early stages of drug
development using PET and fMRI are discussed. The role of PET and fMRI in drug development
is reviewed emphasizing the need to engage in collaborations between industry, academia and
phase I units.

Conclusion:
Brain imaging technology has revolutionized the study of psychiatric illnesses, and
during the last decade, neuroimaging has provided valuable insights at different levels of analysis
and brain organization, such as effective connectivity (anatomical), functional connectivity patterns
and neurochemical information that may support both preclinical and clinical drug development.
Since there is no unifying pathophysiological theory of individual psychiatric syndromes and since
many symptoms cut across diagnostic boundaries, a new theoretical framework has been proposed
that may help in defining new targets for treatment and thus enhance drug development in CNS diseases.
In addition, it is argued that new proposals for data-mining and mathematical modelling as
well as freely available databanks for neural network and neurochemical models of rodents combined
with revised psychiatric classification will lead to new validated targets for drug development.
A Fluorene based Fluorogenic ''Turn-off'' Chemosensor for the Recognition
of Cu2+ and Fe2+: Computational Modeling and Living-cell Application
Authors: Karuk Elmas Sukriye Nihan , Aydin Duygu , Savran Tahir , Caliskan Eray , Koran Kenan , Arslan Fatma Nur , Sadi Gokhan , Gorgulu Ahmet Orhan , Yilmaz Ibrahim 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The traditional methods for the detection and quantification of Cu2+ and Fe3+
heavy metal ions are usually troublesome in terms of high-cost, non-portable, time-consuming, specialized
personnel and complicated tools, so their applications in practical analyses is limited. Therefore,
the development of cheap, fast and simple-use techniques/instruments with high sensitivity/selectivity
for the detection of heavy metal ions is highly demanded and studied.

Methods:
In this study, a fluorene-based fluorescent ''turn-off'' sensor, methyl 2-(2-((((9H-fluoren-9-
yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-3- phenylpropanamido) acetate (probe FLPG) was synthesized via onepot
reaction and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-APT-NMR, HETCOR, ATR-FTIR and elemental
analysis in detailed. All emission spectral studies of the probe FLPG have been performed in
CH3CN/HEPES (9/1, v/v, pH=7.4) media at rt. The quantum (Φ) yield of probe FLPG decreased considerably
in the presence of Cu2+ and Fe3+. The theoretical computation of probe FLPG and its complexes
were also performed using density functional theory (DFT). Furthermore, bio-imaging experiments
of the probe FLPG was successfully carried out for Cu2+ and Fe3+ monitoring in living-cells.

Results:
The probe FLPG could sense Cu2+ and Fe3+ with high selectivity and sensitivity, and quantitative
correlations (R2>0.9000) between the Cu2+/Fe3+ concentrations (0.0−10.0 equiv). The limits of detection
for Cu2+ and Fe3+ were found as 25.07 nM and 37.80 nM, respectively. The fluorescence
quenching in the sensor is managed by ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) mechanism. Job’s plot
was used to determine the binding stoichiometry (1:2) of the probe FLPG towards Cu2+ and Fe3+. The
binding constants with strongly interacting Cu2+ and Fe3+ were determined as 4.56×108 M-2 and
2.02×1010 M-2, respectively, via the fluorescence titration experiments. The outcomes of the computational
study supported the fluorescence data. Moreover, the practical application of the probe FLPG
was successfully performed for living cells.

Conclusion:
This simple chemosensor system offers a highly selective and sensitive sensing platform
for the routine detection of Cu2+ and Fe3+, and it keeps away from the usage of costly and sophisticated
analysis systems.
Investigation of Structural, Treatment, and Clinical Characteristics of
COVID-19 Along with the Challenges Caused by its Prevalence
Authors: Doagooyan Maham , Alavizadeh Seyedeh Hoda , Akhtari Javad , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Kiade Saeed Ghanbari Hasan , Kochesfahani Pariya Haghgoo , Gheybi Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

:
In late 2019, a report from China was published stating a disease with an unknown cause.
After that, the outbreak of the COVID-19 caused a pandemic in the world. On March 11, 2020, the
outbreak of this virus was reported in 100 countries.
The virus is currently spreading rapidly around the world. In the past, coronaviruses caused lifethreatening
diseases such as SARS and MERS in some areas of the world. Although there is still a
debate about the origin of this new coronavirus, it is most likely linked with some animals, including
bats, civet, and pangolin. In this review, we try to describe the features of the new coronavirus as well
as the recent diagnostic and therapeutic findings.
Una propuesta de indemnización a la parte afectada por el juicio de reconocimiento o investigación de paternidad o maternidad de los hijos nacidos fuera del matrimonio: hacia una reparación del daño en el derecho familiar.
Authors: Aguilar Calderón Pablo Alfonso 
Published: March 2021

<p>RESUMEN: en el presente artículo de investigación se desarrolla un análisis de una de las figuras fundamentales para salvaguardar el interés superior del menor y la familia que es el reconocimiento/ investigación de la paternidad o maternidad de los hijos nacidos fuera del matrimonio, pero desde una arista poco observada en la literatura actual del derecho familiar y procesal familiar, siendo las consecuencias jurídicas de intentar responsabilizar al presunto padre o madre para que cumpla con sus obligaciones en torno al probable hijo, cuya existencia es una necesidad en el contexto en el que vivimos actualmente. Al finalizar el estudio que incluye doctrina y legislaciones familiares y civiles de México, se presenta una propuesta para la indemnización a la parte afectada a cargo de la responsable por la afectación provocada derivada del mencionado juicio.</p>
Comentario al Decreto número 120 que reforma y adiciona diversas disposiciones legales del Estado de Sonora
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia 
Published: March 2021

Comentario legislativo del Decreto número 120 que reforma y adiciona diversas disposiciones de la Ley de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia para el Estado de Sonora, de la Ley de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales para el Estado de Sonora, de la Ley Orgánica de la Fiscalía General de Justicia del Estado de Sonora, de la Ley Estatal de Responsabilidades, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Ejecutivo del Estado de Sonora, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial del Estado De Sonora, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Legislativo del Estado de Sonora y de la Ley de Gobierno y Administración Municipal. Boletín Oficia del Gobierno del Estado de Sonora, t. CCV, Edición Especial, 29 Mayo del 2020.
Control Methodology Competitiveness of the Processing Industry in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Voroshilina N. N. 
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises of the manufacturing industry in the Republic of Belarus, which is one of the most important tasks of economic policy, which largely determines its national security. The article discusses three main approaches that provide the most comprehensive analysis of competitiveness.The aim of the study is to reveal the essence of the main categories: competitiveness management, the subject of competitiveness management, the goals of competitiveness management, the form of technologization of competitiveness management, methods for implementing competitiveness management functions; existing approaches to the organization of management of the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises of the Republic of Belarus.A content analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to the issue of competitiveness, the Law of the Republic of Belarus on Counteracting Monopolistic Activities and the Development of Competition, the statistical collection “Regions of the Republic of Belarus. Socio-economic indicators” of the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus.Methods of comparative, logical and economic-statistical analysis were used. The paper analyzes the existing approaches to the technology of enterprise competitiveness management.It is concluded that the dependence of the value of the enterprise’s competitive advantages on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the aggregate of production resources requires the inclusion of the stage of assessing production resources in the competitiveness management algorithm.
Reducing the Rural-Urban Social Inequality: Chinese and Russian Comparative Experience
Authors: Antoncheva O. A. , Apanasenko T. E. 
Published: March 2021

Rural-urban social inequality in Russia is evident. Russian public opinion proposes to reduce the rural-urban income gap, both within the framework of the self-regulating market paradigm, reflected in public programmes, and within the planned command economy framework. In the same ways it proposes to achieve an inter-regional socio-economic balance.The People’s Republic of China (PRC) also faces the problem of reducing rural-urban social inequality. It looks as if it is trying to solve the problem by applying direct measures that can even reverse the processes of urbanization.This article proposes to analyze and adopt the most effective ways of reducing rural-urban inequality, as practiced in China. It is also possible to incorporate in the Chinese state’s management of social processes the methods of reduction of inequality between rural and urban populations, created by the dirigiste trends of Russian public thought, since the socio-economic system of the PRC readily assimilates elements of the planned economy.
KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK PADA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (ABK) DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Triwardhani Ike Junita 
Published: March 2021

Beberapa sekolah yang menerapkan pendidikan dengan siswa beragam atau biasa disebut sekolah inklusif. Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) akan berdampingan dengan anak normal dalam proses belajar mengajar. ABK biasanya akan didampingi oleh guru dan helper (guru pendamping). ABK yang bersekolah bersama anak normal seringkali mengalami hambatan selama proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Karena itu dibutuhkan pendekatan komunikasi khusus untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Tujuan dalam penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui hambatan komunikasi yang terjadi pada ABK, penyebab hambatan dan langkah-langkah untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu para guru pendamping yang membimbing ABK di sekolah. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa hambatan komunikasi yang terjadi pada ABK terdiri dari hambatan dalam memahami pelajaran, lambat dalam merespon guru, kesulitan beradaptasi, kesulitan dalam bersosialisasi, gangguan emosi dan prilaku, ketidakmandirian. Untuk mengatasi kesulitan dalam membangun konsentrasi yang sering terjadi pada ABK dilakukan dengan berbagai cara. Diantaranya adalah dengan pengkondisian, penyegaran yang dilakukan sesering mungkin, memberikan sentuhan, memanggil nama untuk mengembalikan konsentrasi. Sedangkan untuk mengatasi masalah adaptasi dan sosialisasi dilakukan melalui pengenalan lingkungan sekolah, yaitu mengenalkan secara lebih detail tentang kelas, guru dan teman-temannya di kelas.