bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of Margins, Radiotherapy, and Systemic Therapy in Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Sahovaler Axel , Ziai Hedyeh , Cardemil Felipe , Huang Shao Hui , Su Jie , Goldstein David P. , Gilbert Ralph , Hosni Ali , Hope Andrew , Waldron John , Spreafico Anna , Monteiro Eric , Witterick Ian , Irish Jonathan , Gullane Patrick , Xu Wei , O'Sullivan Brian , de Almeida John R. 
Published: April 2021

Objectives/HypothesisThe ideal strategy in the treatment of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck (MMHN) remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the importance of surgical margins, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy in MMHN.Study DesignRetrospective Single Institutional Review.MethodsRetrospective review of patients with MMHN treated at a tertiary care oncology center between 1999 and 2016.ResultsSeventy‐six patients were included, 60 of whom were treated with curative intent. Negative or close margins compared with positive margins were associated with higher 3‐year overall survival (OS) (62% vs. 29% vs. 13% P = .012), disease‐free survival (33% vs. 29% vs. 4% P = .003), and distant control (48% vs. 29% vs. 22% P = .039). Cases with pre‐/postoperative radiotherapy had a marginally higher locoregional control versus without (69% vs. 59%, P = .117). Immunotherapy for recurrent and/or metastatic disease was associated with an increase in 3‐year OS (15% vs. 3% P = .01).ConclusionAchieving negative surgical margins is relevant in disease control. Despite small sample size, our data suggest that radiotherapy may enhance surgical outcomes. Immunotherapy has therapeutic benefit.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:2269–2276, 2021
Current management of button battery injuries
Authors: Sethia Rishabh , Gibbs Hannah , Jacobs Ian N. , Reilly James S. , Rhoades Keith , Jatana Kris R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractButton batteries (BB) are found in common household items and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population when ingested. BBs are made of various chemistries and have a unique size and shape that yield significant injury when lodged in the pediatric esophagus. BBs create a local tissue pH environment of 10 to 13 and can induce liquefactive necrosis at the negative pole. This initial injury can progress with further tissue breakdown even after removal. Unfortunately, patients may present with vague symptoms similar to viral illnesses and there is not always a known history of ingestion. Plain film X‐ray can be diagnostic. Exposure can lead to caustic injury within 2 hours. Thus, timely endoscopic removal is the mainstay of treatment. Novel mitigation and neutralization strategies have been implemented into treatment guidelines. These include the preremoval ingestion of honey or sucralfate and intraoperative irrigation with acetic acid. Depending on the severity of injury following removal, careful consideration should be given for potential delayed complications including fistulization into major vessels which often leads to death. The National Button Battery Taskforce and several industry members have implemented prevention strategies such as educational safety outreach campaigns, child‐resistant packaging changes, and warning labels. Governmental regulation and industry changes are key to limit not only the amount of BB ingestions, but also the devastating consequences that can result. Anonymous reporting of BB injuries through the Global Injury Research Collaborative has been made convenient and centralized through the advent of a user‐friendly smartphone iOS/App Store and Android/GooglePlay application called the “GIRC App”; all specialists who manage foreign body cases should contribute their cases to help prevent future injuries. BB ingestion must be recognized and treated promptly using a multidisciplinary approach to optimize outcomes for these patients. Ultimately, a safer BB technology is critically needed to reduce or eliminate the severe and life‐threatening injuries in children.Level of Evidence5
Bulk Energy Transferability Linked to Critical N–H Modes of an Interfacial Nanoscale Surface Modification via Unique Isophorone Diisocyanate Amine Exchange Reaction
Authors: Attard Thomas L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA surface‐modified carbon‐fiber reinforced epoxy (CF/E) via a unique isophorone diisocyanate amine (IDA) reaction produces a new interfacial epoxy‐polyurea “matrix” (IEPM) that elicits excellent mechanical energy transferability in brittle CF/E. The chemical bonding property in the IEPM molecule is produced via moieties of an epoxy mixture and N‐H‐concentrated urea molecules, where IDA thermodynamics are controlled via a curing parameter, tc (in hours). Nano‐scale properties of the IDA reaction, confirmed via fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and chemical mapping of molecules comprising the IEPM structure, are linked to bulk mechanical energy transferability, specifically loss modulus, E″(ω), and post‐elastic energy absorption. Using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of six test specimens and a Generalized Maxwell Model – verified via Prony Series calibration of the storage modulus to DMA data to compute relaxation parameters – the ultrathin IEPM is isolated, and E″(ω) is computed as a function of tc. IEPM that is produced via tc = 0 exhibited two, six, and ten times greater loss modulus than IEPM produced via 0.5 ≤ tc ≤ 2; tc = 3.5; and tc = 24 (baseline design utilizes cured CF/E). Finally, IDA surface‐modification of CF/E improved energy absorption capacity (post‐elasticity) between 250% (tc = 0.5) and 300% (tc = 0).
Microseismic monitoring of rockbursts with the ensemble Kalman filter
Authors: Dip A. Cecilia , Giroux Bernard , Gloaguen Erwan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTWe introduce an algorithm to monitor seismic velocity changes associated with rockbursts in mines, through microseismic monitoring. Rockbursts are extreme events resulting from the complex interaction between mining activities and geology, and represent a significant threat to mines. In recent years, the use of passive seismic monitoring for mine safety and productivity has progressed substantially, aiming to understand and predict this hazard. In this work, additional value is given to microseismic monitoring, using it to map temporal changes of seismic velocity in the rock mass that can potentially be associated with stress changes leading to rockbursts. An application of the ensemble Kalman filter is presented for assimilating travel times of seismic P and S waves in a fast and efficient way in order to update the mine's velocity model. Combining sequential Gaussian simulation and ensemble Kalman filter techniques, we were able to monitor the occurrence of velocity changes underground. The proposed approach allows zones to be highlighted where the rock mass is under stress and where potential risk can be expected. The performance of the method was first tested on several synthetic scenarios and, subsequently, on a real 3D case of a deep mine in Canada. The application on the real data set allowed mapping a change in velocity in the area where a rockburst occurred four hours afterwards.
Effects of an Interprofessional Communication Approach on Support Needs, Quality of Life, and Mood of Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Krug Katja , Bossert Jasmin , Deis Nicole , Krisam Johannes , Villalobos Matthias , Siegle Anja , Jung Corinna , Hagelskamp Laura , Unsöld Laura , Jünger Jana , Thomas Michael , Wensing Michel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
To address the support needs of newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer with limited prognosis, the Milestone Communication Approach (MCA) was developed and implemented. The main elements of the MCA are situation-specific conversations along the disease trajectory conducted by an interprofessional tandem of physician and nurse. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of MCA on addressing support needs, quality of life, and mood as compared with standard oncological care.

Patients and Methods
A randomized trial was conducted with baseline assessment and follow-up assessments at 3, 6, and 9 months in outpatients with newly diagnosed lung cancer stage IV at a German thoracic oncology hospital. The primary outcome was the Health System and Information Needs subscale of the Short Form Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34-G) at 3-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included the other subscales of the SCNS-SF34-G, the Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy lung module, the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety, and the Distress Thermometer.

Results
At baseline, 174 patients were randomized, of whom 102 patients (MCA: n = 52; standard care: n = 50) provided data at 3-month follow-up. Patients of the MCA group reported lower information needs at 3-month follow-up (mean ± SD, 33.4 ± 27.5; standard care, 43.1 ± 29.9; p = .033). No effects were found for secondary outcomes.

Conclusion
MCA lowered patient-reported information needs but did not have other effects. MCA contributed to tailored communication because an adequate level of information and orientation set the basis for patient-centered care.

Implications for Practice
By addressing relevant issues at predefined times, the Milestone Communication Approach provides individual patient-centered care facilitating the timely integration of palliative care for patients with a limited prognosis. The needs of patients with lung cancer must be assessed and addressed throughout the disease trajectory. Although specific topics may be relevant for all patients, such as information about the disease and associated health care, situations of individual patients and their families must be considered. Additionally, using the short form of the Supportive Care Needs Survey in clinical practice to identify patients’ problems might support individually targeted communication and preference-sensitive care.
Effect of carbon nanotubes and silica nanoparticles on the durability of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites in seawater and sea sand concrete environment
Authors: Su Chang , Wang Xin , Ding Lining , Wu Zhishen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the durability of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) laminas exposed to solutions of normal concrete (NC) and seawater sea sand concrete (SWSSC) by acceleration of temperature. Modification of BFRP laminas using different contents of silica nanoparticles and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was conducted, and the effect of modification on the durability of the lamina was evaluated. The degradation and modification mechanism of BFRP laminas was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the BFRP laminas exhibited obvious strength degradation after exposure to the NC and SWSSC solutions, while the Young's modulus of the laminas remained nearly unchanged. The tensile strength of BFRP laminas in SWSSC solution declined faster than in NC solution due to the combined effect of alkali ions and saline ions in the SWSSC solution accelerated the corrosion of FRP. Additionally, the durability of MWCNT‐modified specimens has been significantly improved. The SEM images revealed that MWCNTs in the resin matrix improve the interface bonding performance between the fiber and the resin. Furthermore, the diffusion path of OH−, Cl−, and H2O molecules is elongated and hindered by MWCNTs. The silica nanoparticle‐modified BFRP laminas obtained improved corrosion resistance performance only at a content of 1 wt%. Additionally, the long‐term residual tensile strength of modified BFRP laminas under NC and SWSSC environments was predicted.
Registration of ‘S13‐2743C’ as a conventional soybean cultivar with high oil content, broad disease resistance, and high yield potential
Authors: Chen P. , Shannon G. , Scaboo A. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Selves S. , Vieira C. C. , Ali M. L. , Mitchum M. G. , Nguyen H. T. , Meinhardt C. , Klepadlo M. , Li Z. , Bond J. , Li S. , Smith J. R. , Gillen A. M. , Mengistu A. , Robbins R. T. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHigh demand for early‐maturing conventional (non‐genetically modified [GMO]) high‐oil soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars in the food and special niche markets led to the development and release of ‘S13‐2743C’ (Reg. no. CV‐538, PI 695097). It is a tall, early maturity group IV (relative maturity 4.1) non‐GMO soybean developed and released by the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research Center soybean breeding program. This early maturing, indeterminate type cultivar is desired by growers in the southern United States to plant along with later maturity groups to allow flexibility during the harvest season. S13‐2743C has high oil content (238.4 g kg−1) and a broad disease resistance package, including resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 3, phytophthora root rot, stem canker, sudden death syndrome, and frogeye leaf spot. It has white flowers, grey pubescence, and brown pod walls. Seeds have buff hila and intermediate luster. S13‐2743C was tested in 103 environments across eight states and showed high yield potential in Missouri and other southern states, including Arkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee.
Amorphous Cobalt Boride Alloy Synthesized by Liquid Phase Methods as Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Gao Jian‐Fei , Hou Jing‐Feng , Kong Ling‐Bin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn amorphous cobalt boride alloy with high electronic conductivity is fabricated through the liquid‐phase reduction method. Benefiting from large specific surface area and hierarchical pore structure, the as‐synthesized Co‐B nanoflakes expose substantial electrochemical active sites, promote the transfer of electrons and ions, and accelerate the redox kinetic process. The as‐obtained amorphous Co‐B alloy sample displays a specific capacitance of 411 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, and with the current density increased to 10 A g−1, it maintains 69% of the initial capacitance. The as‐assembled asymmetric supercapacitor device reveals electrochemical properties comprising an excellent specific capacitance of 64.3 F g−1 at 0.25 A g−1, superior cyclical stability of 105% after 20,000 cycles at 3 A g−1, and maximum energy density of 22.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 200.3 W kg−1. This study demonstrates great potential in developing high‐conductivity materials for an asymmetric supercapacitor through utilizing an amorphous cobalt boride alloy as a promising electrode material.
Digital solutions for sleep problems in children: A pilot study
Authors: Tedford Stephanie E. , Romano Lindsay , Gozal David , Medalie Lisa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChildren with sleep difficulties have limited options for treatment. Advancements in technology allow for the digital delivery of evidence‐based sleep strategies developed with a focus on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approaches for insomnia. An initial survey study was conducted to assess the need and current management of sleep problems in pediatric populations. A secondary pilot study evaluated the effect of a digitally‐delivered sleep strategy for the treatment of pediatric sleep problems. In the pilot study, participants had access to a mobile application which provided individualized CBT‐focused sleep solutions delivered over 6–10 weeks. A total of 218 participants were surveyed to determine their need and approach for pediatric sleep problems. Approximately 74% reported sleep problems in children aged 0–1 (46%), 2–4 (67%), 5–12 (85%), and 13–17 (73%). In the pilot study, 11 families with pediatric sleep problems (children categorized as baby, toddler and school‐aged) were enrolled and received the DrLullaby digital intervention. An improvement in key sleep behavior was observed including “time to fall asleep” (n = 8; 72.7%), “total time asleep” (n = 6; 54.5%) and “time awake” (n = 7; 63.6%). Within group analysis for time awake and time to fall asleep showed a mean change from baseline of 75.6% and 31.3%, respectively. Within group analysis for total time asleep showed a mean improvement of 1 h and 3 min compared to baseline. The collective distress scale score was decreased by 35%. These results suggest viability of the digital delivery of evidence‐based sleep strategies for treatment of pediatric sleep problems.
Reliability of machine learning to diagnose pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Tobal Gonzalo C. , Álvarez Daniel , Kheirandish‐Gozal Leila , del Campo Félix , Gozal David , Hornero Roberto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMachine‐learning approaches have enabled promising results in efforts to simplify the diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A comprehensive review and analysis of such studies increase the confidence level of practitioners and healthcare providers in the implementation of these methodologies in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo assess the reliability of machine‐learning‐based methods to detect pediatric OSA.Data SourcesTwo researchers conducted an electronic search on the Web of Science and Scopus using term, and studies were reviewed along with their bibliographic references.Eligibility CriteriaArticles or reviews (Year 2000 onwards) that applied machine learning to detect pediatric OSA; reported data included information enabling derivation of true positive, false negative, true negative, and false positive cases; polysomnography served as diagnostic standard.Appraisal and Synthesis MethodsPooled sensitivities and specificities were computed for three apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) thresholds: 1 event/hour (e/h), 5 e/h, and 10 e/h. Random‐effect models were assumed. Summary receiver‐operating characteristics (SROC) analyses were also conducted. Heterogeneity (I
2) was evaluated, and publication bias was corrected (trim and fill).ResultsNineteen studies were finally retained, involving 4767 different pediatric sleep studies. Machine learning improved diagnostic performance as OSA severity criteria increased reaching optimal values for AHI = 10 e/h (0.652 sensitivity; 0.931 specificity; and 0.940 area under the SROC curve). Publication bias correction had minor effect on summary statistics, but high heterogeneity was observed among the studies.
Quantifying lung and diaphragm morphology using radiographs in normative pediatric subjects, and predicting CT‐derived lung volume
Authors: Orbach Mattan R. , Servaes Sabah E. , Mayer Oscar H. , Cahill Patrick J. , Balasubramanian Sriram 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify the effect of age on two‐dimensional (2D) radiographic lung and diaphragm morphology and determine if 2D radiographic lung measurements can be used to estimate computer tomography (CT)‐derived lung volume in normative pediatric subjects.Materials and MethodsDigitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) were created using retrospective chest CT scans from 77 pediatric male and female subjects aged birth to 19 years. 2D lung and diaphragm measurements were made on the DRRs using custom MATLAB code, and Spearman correlations and exponential regression equations were used to relate 2D measurements with age. In addition, 3D lung volumes were segmented using CT scans, and power regression equations were fitted to predict each lung's CT‐derived volume from 2D lung measurements. The coefficient of determination (R2) and standard error of the estimate (SEE) were used to assess the precision of the predictive equations with p < .05 indicating statistical significance.ResultsAll 2D radiographic lung and diaphragm measurements showed statistically significant positive correlations with age (p < .01), including lung major axis (Spearman rho ≥  0.90). Precise estimations of CT‐derived lung volumes can be made using 2D lung measurements (R2 ≥ 0.95), including lung major axis (R2 ≥ 0.97).InterpretationsThe reported pediatric age‐specific reference data on 2D lung and diaphragm morphology and growth rates could be clinically used to identify lung and diaphragm pathologies during chest X‐ray evaluations. The simple, precise, and clinically adaptable radiographic method for estimating CT‐derived lung volumes may be used when pulmonary function tests are not readily available or difficult to perform.
Correlation of prostatic morphological parameters and clinical progression in aging Chinese men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: Results from a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Qian Subo , Zhang Shun , Xia Weimin , Xu Ding , Qi Jun , Shen Haibo , Wu Yu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesOur study aimed to investigate the correlation of prostatic morphological parameters and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) clinical progression in aging Chinese men.MethodsIn this retrospective study, a total of 1038 patients were reviewed. Prostatic morphology was measured by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Detailed medical history of all candidates was recorded and analyzed after being classified by specific prostatic measurements. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the correlation between variables.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of BPH clinical progression was 63.68% (661/1038) in the study population. Prostate volume (PV), transitional zone volume (TZV), transitional zone index (TZI), and intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) were all positively associated with BPH progression (all p < .001). Patients with a PV > 60 ml, TZV > 15 ml, TZI > 0.5, or IPP > 5 mm had a significantly higher possibility of overall BPH clinical progression (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.485, 1.678, 1.886, and 1.924, respectively; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.559–3.960, 1.131–2.489, 1.379–2.579, and 1.357–2.728, correspondingly).ConclusionProstatic morphological parameters are significantly associated with BPH clinical progression. Patients with larger prostatic morphological parameters are more easily prone to clinical progress. As a result, reasonable managements should be timely considered for those patients before clinical progression occurs.
The effects of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic syndrome parameters, insulin resistance and inflammation in ulcerative colitis patients: An open‐labeled randomized controlled trial
Authors: Morshedzadeh Nava , Rahimlou Mehran , Shahrokh Shabnam , Karimi Soheila , Mirmiran Parvin , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of flaxseed supplementation in the management of metabolic syndrome (MetS)‐related parameters among the patients with mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients with UC. Participants were randomized in the intervention group, which received 30 g/day ground flaxseed powder or control group. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were assessed at the beginning and end of 12 weeks of intervention. Of the 70 patients enrolled in this study, 64 subjects were included in the final analysis. From baseline to 12 weeks' intervention, flaxseed supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in the serum concentration of insulin (p < .001), HOMA‐IR (p < .001), triglyceride (p = .001), total cholesterol (p < .001), and significant increase in the serum levels of HDL (p = .008). Also, we found a significant improvement in the SCCAI score (p < .001), TNF‐α (p = .03), and CRP (p < .001) following the flaxseed supplementation. However, we not observed any significant differences between two groups regarding the body weight, BMI, waist circumferences, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure (p > .05). Overall, 12 weeks of flaxseed supplementation resulted in greater improvement in the some MetS‐related parameters.