bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between core temperature and perioperative shivering during caesarean section under intrathecal anesthesia with bupivacaine and ropivacaine: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Feng Guangju , Wang Yu , Feng Jiehua , Luo Xiaomin , Li Chaoyang , Yao Shanglong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the incidence rate of perioperative shivering for cesarean section and explore the associations between the occurrence of shivering and hypothermia, core temperature change, local anesthetic.

Methods
This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blinded study of 100 patients consenting for caesarean section under intrathecal anesthesia. Parturients with ASA I or II accepted elective caesarean section with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (SA). 2–2.5 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine or 0.5% ropivacaine was intrathecally injected in group B and group R, respectively.

Results
The intraoperative shivering incidence in group B was significantly higher than that in group R (66.7 vs. 20.5%, Pvalue < 0.001), and shivering intensity in group B was significantly greater than group R (score: 1.4 vs. 0.3, Pvalue < 0.001). The core temperature in both groups gradually decreased with the time after SA. Hypothermia (core temperature < 36.0 ℃) 5–30 min after SA was not associated with shivering. However, changes of temperature at 25 and 30 min after SA, and bupivacaine were statistically associated with shivering, with the odds of 10.77 (95% CI: 1.36–85.21, P value = 0.02), 8.88 (95% CI: 1.29–60.97, P value = 0.03), and 7.78 (95% CI: 2.94–20.59, P value < 0.01), respectively.

Conclusions
In our study, for cesarean section, the occurrence of shivering was associated with the local anesthetics and the change of core temperature after SA, while not the hypothermia.
Heat waves: a hot topic in climate change research
Authors: Marx Werner , Haunschild Robin , Bornmann Lutz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch on heat waves (periods of excessively hot weather, which may be accompanied by high humidity) is a newly emerging research topic within the field of climate change research with high relevance for the whole of society. In this study, we analyzed the rapidly growing scientific literature dealing with heat waves. No summarizing overview has been published on this literature hitherto. We developed a suitable search query to retrieve the relevant literature covered by the Web of Science (WoS) as complete as possible and to exclude irrelevant literature (n = 8,011 papers). The time evolution of the publications shows that research dealing with heat waves is a highly dynamic research topic, doubling within about 5 years. An analysis of the thematic content reveals the most severe heat wave events within the recent decades (1995 and 2003), the cities and countries/regions affected (USA, Europe, and Australia), and the ecological and medical impacts (drought, urban heat islands, excess hospital admissions, and mortality). An alarming finding is that the limit for survivability may be reached at the end of the twenty-first century in many regions of the world due to the fatal combination of rising temperatures and humidity levels measured as “wet-bulb temperature” (WBT). Risk estimation and future strategies for adaptation to hot weather are major political issues. We identified 104 citation classics, which include fundamental early works of research on heat waves and more recent works (which are characterized by a relatively strong connection to climate change).
Scenario-based risk evaluation
Authors: Wang Ruodu , Ziegel Johanna F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRisk measures such as expected shortfall (ES) and value-at-risk (VaR) have been prominent in banking regulation and financial risk management. Motivated by practical considerations in the assessment and management of risks, including tractability, scenario relevance and robustness, we consider theoretical properties of scenario-based risk evaluation. We establish axiomatic characterisations of scenario-based risk measures that are comonotonic-additive or coherent, and we obtain a novel ES-based representation result. We propose several novel scenario-based risk measures, including various versions of Max-ES and Max-VaR, and study their properties. The theory is illustrated with financial data examples.
Additive logistic processes in option pricing
Authors: Carr Peter , Torricelli Lorenzo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn option pricing, it is customary to first specify a stochastic underlying model and then extract valuation equations from it. However, it is possible to reverse this paradigm: starting from an arbitrage-free option valuation formula, one could derive a family of risk-neutral probabilities and a corresponding risk-neutral underlying asset process. In this paper, we start from two simple arbitrage-free valuation equations, inspired by the log-sum-exponential function and an $\ell ^{p}$

ℓ
p

vector norm. Such expressions lead respectively to logistic and Dagum (or “log-skew-logistic”) risk-neutral distributions for the underlying security price. We proceed to exhibit supporting martingale processes of additive type for underlying securities having as time marginals two such distributions. By construction, these processes produce closed-form valuation equations which are even simpler than those of the Bachelier and Samuelson–Black–Scholes models. Additive logistic processes provide parsimonious and simple option pricing models capturing various important stylised facts at the minimum price of a single market observable input.
Quantitative evaluation of visual guidance effects for 360-degree directions
Authors: Harada Yuki , Ohyama Junji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA head-mounted display cannot cover an angle of visual field as wide as that of natural view (out-of-view problem). To enhance the visual cognition of an immersive environment, previous studies have developed various guidance designs that visualize the location or direction of items presented in the users’ surroundings. However, two issues regarding the guidance effects remain unresolved: How are the guidance effects different with each guided direction? How much is the cognitive load required by the guidance? To investigate the two issues, we performed a visual search task in an immersive environment and measured the search time of a target and time spent to recognize a guidance design. In this task, participants searched for a target presented on a head-mounted display and reported the target color while using a guidance design. The guidance designs (a moving window, 3D arrow, radiation, spherical gradation, and 3D radar) and target directions were manipulated. The search times showed an interaction effect between guidance designs and guided directions, e.g., the 3D arrow and radar shorten the search time for targets presented at the back of users. The recognition times showed that the participants required short times to recognize the details of the moving window and radiation but long times for the 3D arrow, spherical gradation, and 3D radar. These results suggest that the moving window and radiation are effective with respect to cognitive load, but the 3D arrow and radar are effective for guiding users’ attention to necessary items presented at the out-of-view.
DEM Analysis of Single-Particle Crushing Considering the Inhomogeneity of Material Properties
Authors: Zhang Tao , Huang Wenxiong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCrushing characteristics of single particles are the basis of granular material simulation with discrete element method (DEM). To improve the universality and precision of crushable DEM model, inhomogeneous stiffness and strength properties are introduced into the bonded particle method, with which the Weibull distribution and size effect of particle strength can be reproduced without deleting elementary balls. The issues of particle strength and carrying capacity under complex contact conditions are investigated in this work by symmetric loading tests, asymmetric loading tests, and ball–ball loading tests. Results of numerical experiments indicate that particle carrying capacity is significantly influenced by coordination numbers, the symmetry of contact points, as well as the relative size of its neighbors. Contact conditions also show impact on single-particle crushing categories and the origin position of inner particle cracks. The existing stress indexes and assumptions of particle crushing criterion are proved to be inappropriate for general loading cases. Both the inherent inhomogeneity and contact conditions of particles should be taken into consideration in the simulation of granular materials.
Analysis of a Helmholtz preconditioning problem motivated by uncertainty quantification
Authors: Graham I. G. , Pembery O. R. , Spence E. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper analyses the following question: let Aj, j = 1,2, be the Galerkin matrices corresponding to finite-element discretisations of the exterior Dirichlet problem for the heterogeneous Helmholtz equations ∇⋅ (Aj∇uj) + k2njuj = −f. How small must $\|A_{1} -A_{2}\|_{L^{q}}$
∥

A

1

−

A

2

∥

L

q

and $\|{n_{1}} - {n_{2}}\|_{L^{q}}$
∥

n

1

−

n

2

∥

L

q

be (in terms of k-dependence) for GMRES applied to either $(\mathbf {A}_1)^{-1}\mathbf {A}_2$

(

A

1

)

−
1

A

2

or A2(A1)− 1 to converge in a k-independent number of iterations for arbitrarily large k? (In other words, for A1 to be a good left or right preconditioner for A2?) We prove results answering this question, give theoretical evidence for their sharpness, and give numerical experiments supporting the estimates. Our motivation for tackling this question comes from calculating quantities of interest for the Helmholtz equation with random coefficients A and n. Such a calculation may require the solution of many deterministic Helmholtz problems, each with different A and n, and the answer to the question above dictates to what extent a previously calculated inverse of one of the Galerkin matrices can be used as a preconditioner for other Galerkin matrices.
Adsorption kinetics and equilibria of two methanol samples with different water content on activated carbon
Authors: Rösler Meret , Wedler Carsten 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo investigate the influence of fluid purity on the adsorption properties, adsorption kinetics and adsorption equilibria of two methanol samples with different water content on an activated carbon were studied. The purity of the methanol samples was 98.5% and 99.9%. Measurements were conducted at 298 K and 318 K using a magnetic suspension balance and cover a wide p/p0 range. To determine effective diffusion time constants and mass transfer coefficients, adsorption kinetics were evaluated using an isothermal and a nonisothermal Fickian diffusion model, and the linear driving force model. The pressure dependence of the kinetic parameters was studied and discussed. A small influence of sample purity on the adsorption equilibria was observed, as the purer methanol sample showed slightly higher equilibrium loadings than the less pure sample. However, significantly faster adsorption kinetics were observed for the purer sample at all temperature and pressure conditions. Compared to the less pure sample, the determined effective diffusion time constants and the mass transfer coefficients were up to 98% and 35% higher, respectively.
Role of TGFβ1 and WNT6 in FGF2 and BMP4-driven endothelial differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells
Authors: Gualandris Anna , Noghero Alessio , Cora’ Davide , Astanina Elena , Arese Marco , Bussolino Federico 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEmbryonic stem cells (ES) are a valuable source of endothelial cells. By co-culturing ES cells with the stromal PA6 cells, the endothelial commitment can be achieved by adding exogenous FGF2 or BMP4. In this work, the molecular pathways that direct the differentiation of ES cells toward endothelium in response to FGF2 are evaluated and compared to those activated by BMP4. To this purpose the genes expression profiles of both ES/PA6 co-cultures and of pure cultures of PA6 cells were obtained by microarray technique at different time points. The bioinformatics processing of the data indicated TGFβ1 as the most represented upstream regulator in FGF2-induced endothelial commitment while WNT pathway as the most represented in BMP4-activated endothelial differentiation. Loss of function experiments were performed to validate the importance of TGFβ1 and WNT6 respectively in FGF2 and BMP4-induced endothelial differentiation. The loss of TGFβ1 expression significantly impaired the accomplishment of the endothelial commitment unless exogenous recombinant TGFβ1 was added to the culture medium. Similarly, silencing WNT6 expression partially affected the endothelial differentiation of the ES cells upon BMP4 stimulation. Such dysfunction was recovered by the addition of recombinant WNT6 to the culture medium. The ES/PA6 co-culture system recreates an in vitro complete microenvironment in which endothelial commitment is accomplished in response to alternative signals through different mechanisms. Given the importance of WNT and TGFβ1 in mediating the crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells this work adds new insights in the mechanism of tumor angiogenesis and of its possible inhibition.
Neurophenomenology and Intersubjectivity: An Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Di Bernardo Mirko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe article aims to provide the main conceptual coordinates in order to fully understand the state of the art of the most recent research in the field of neurobiology of interpersonal experience. The main purpose of this work is to analyze, at an anthropological, phenomenological and epistemological level, how the fundamental characteristics of the recognition of otherness and intercorporeity among human beings contribute to changing the image of nature in the light of a possible new relationship between living bodies, neurophysiological systems and empathy. From this point of view, the hypothesis to investigate is that neurophenomenology, understood as a new evolutionary, multidimensional and autopoietic approach, is capable of probing the preconditions of the possible delineation of a phenomenology of intersubjectivity shaped by the neuroscientific turning point, represented by the discovery of mirror neurons. At this level, the neuroscientific data are interpreted according to a specific interdisciplinary perspective, thus trying to offer a possible unitary and integrated theoretical framework.
The effect of insecticide application by dropleg sprayers on pollen beetle parasitism in oilseed rape
Authors: Hausmann Johannes , Heimbach Udo , Rostás Michael , Brandes Meike 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDropleg sprayers apply pesticides below the flower horizon of oilseed rape plants and thus reduce unwanted side effects on pollinating insects. Whether this technique benefits parasitoids of seed and pollen feeding insect pests has not been studied earlier. To answer this question, we first assessed the vertical distribution of pests and parasitoids using a portable aspirator. In addition, parasitism rates of pollen beetle, Brassicogethes aeneus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), by the larval parasitoid Tersilochus heterocerus Thomson (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were compared in conventional and dropleg sprayed fields over four years (2016–2019), using the neonicotinoids thiacloprid and acetamiprid. Our results show that seed and pollen feeders were mainly found in the flowering canopy, while the predominant location of parasitoids was species-specific. Among pollen beetle parasitoids, Phradis interstitialis Thomson (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was more abundant below flowering canopy (63% of total catch), whereas T. heterocerus was mainly caught in the flowering canopy (84% of total catch). In the spraying experiments, average parasitism rates of pollen beetles by T. heterocerus ranged between 55 and 82% in the untreated controls. In the dropleg spray treatments, parasitism rates did not differ significantly from control levels, with the exception of thiacloprid application in 2019. In contrast, conventional spray applications resulted in a reduction of parasitism rates by up to 37% compared to the control for at least one of the insecticides in three out of four years. The impact of conventional application differed between years, which may be explained by the temporal coincidence between spray application and the immigration of parasitoids into the crop. We conclude that dropleg spraying exerts lower non-target effects on the main biological control agent of pollen beetle.
A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 study of paclitaxel in combination with reparixin compared to paclitaxel alone as front-line therapy for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (fRida)
Authors: Goldstein Lori J. , Mansutti Mauro , Levy Christelle , Chang Jenny C. , Henry Stephanie , Fernandez-Perez Isaura , Prausovà Jana , Staroslawska Elzbieta , Viale Giuseppe , Butler Beth , McCanna Susan , Ruffini Pier Adelchi , Wicha Max S. , Schott Anne F. ,   for the fRida Trial Investigators, Alvarez Ricardo H. , Schott Anne F. , Abu-Khalaf Maysa , Ibrahim Nuhad , Daniel Brooke , Meshad Michael , Kanamori David , Zelnak Amelia , Graham Mark , Comer Jason , Huizing Manon , Duhoux Francois , Richard Vincent , Verhoeven Didier , Smakal Martin , Krasenska Marta , Kohoutek Milan , Zimovjanova Martina , Kubala Eugen , Campone Mario , Ferrero Jean-Marc , Goncalves Anthony , Venat-Bouvet Laurence , Medioni Jacques , Biganzoli Laura , Parra Hector Soto , Pedrazzoli Paolo , Colleoni Marco , Moroni Mauro , Amadori Dino , Morandi Paolo , Cinieri Saverio , Tomczak Piotr , Sarosiek Tomasz , Wojtukiewicz Marek , Mruk Andrzej , Kukielka-Budny Bożena , Novoa Silvia Antolin , Alonso Estela Vega , Jimenez Miguel Martin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
CXCR1, one of the receptors for CXCL8, has been identified as a druggable target on breast cancer cancer stem cells (CSC). Reparixin (R), an investigational oral inhibitor of CXCR1, was safely administered to metastatic breast cancer patients in combination with paclitaxel (P) and appeared to reduce CSC in a window-of-opportunity trial in operable breast cancer. The fRida trial (NCT02370238) evaluated the addition of R to weekly as first-line therapy for metastatic (m) TNBC.

Subjects and Methods
Subjects with untreated mTNBC were randomized 1:1 to R or placebo days 1–21 in combination with weekly P 80 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 15 of 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was PFS by central review.

Results
123 subjects were randomized (62 to R + P and 61 to placebo + P). PFS was not different between the 2 groups (median 5.5 and 5.6 months for R + P and placebo + P, respectively; HR 1.13, p = 0.5996). ALDH+ and CD24−/CD44+ CSC centrally evaluated by IHC were found in 16 and 34 of the 54 subjects who provided a metastatic tissue biopsy at study entry. Serious adverse events (21.3 and 20% of subjects) and grade ≥ 3 adverse reactions (ADR) (9.1 and 6.3% of all ADRs) occurred at similar frequency in both groups.

Conclusion
fRida is the first randomized, double-blind clinical trial of a CSC-targeting agent in combination with chemotherapy in breast cancer. The primary endpoint of prolonged PFS was not met.

Clinical Trial Registration/Date of Registration
NCT01861054/February 24, 2015.
Temporal trends, tumor characteristics and stage-specific survival in penile non-squamous cell carcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Siron Nicolas , Collà Ruvolo Claudia , Nocera Luigi , Würnschimmel Christoph , Tian Zhe , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Saad Fred , Briganti Alberto , Tilki Derya , Banek Severine , Kluth Luis A. , Roos Frederik C. , Chun Felix K. H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To compare Cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in patients with Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) vs. non-SCC penile cancer, since survival outcomes may differ between histological subtypes.

Methods
Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2004–2016), penile cancer patients of all stages were identified. Temporal trend analyses, cumulative incidence and Kaplan–Meier plots, multivariable Cox regression and Fine and Gray competing-risks regression analyses tested for CSM differences between non-SCC vs. SCC penile cancer patients.

Results
Of 4,120 eligible penile cancer patients, 123 (3%) harbored non-SCC vs. 4,027 (97%) SCC. Of all non-SCC patients, 51 (41%) harbored melanomas, 42 (34%) basal cell carcinomas, 10 (8%) adenocarcinomas, eight (6.5%) skin appendage malignancies, six (5%) epithelial cell neoplasms, two (1.5%) neuroendocrine tumors, two (1.5%) lymphomas, two (1.5%) sarcomas. Stage at presentation differed between non-SCC vs. SCC. In temporal trend analyses, non-SCC diagnoses neither decreased nor increased over time (p > 0.05). After stratification according to localized, locally advanced, and metastatic stage, no CSM differences were observed between non-SCC vs. SCC, with 5-year survival rates of 11 vs 11% (p = 0.9) for localized, 33 vs. 37% (p = 0.4) for locally advanced, and 1-year survival rates of 37 vs. 53% (p = 0.9) for metastatic penile cancer, respectively. After propensity score matching for patient and tumor characteristics and additional multivariable adjustment, no CSM differences between non-SCC vs. SCC were observed.

Conclusion
Non-SCC penile cancer is rare. Although exceptions exist, on average, non-SCC penile cancer has comparable CSM as SCC penile cancer patients, after stratification for localized, locally invasive, and metastatic disease.
Biased Maintenance of Attention on Sad Faces in Clinically Depressed Youth: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Buhl Christina , Sfärlea Anca , Loechner Johanna , Starman-Wöhrle Kornelija , Salemink Elske , Schulte-Körne Gerd , Platt Belinda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe role of negative attention biases (AB), central to cognitive models of adult depression, is yet unclear in youth depression. We investigated negative AB in depressed compared to healthy youth and tested whether AB are more pronounced in depressed than at-risk youth. Negative AB was assessed for sad and angry faces with an eye-tracking paradigm [Passive Viewing Task (PVT)] and a behavioural task [Visual Search Task (VST)], comparing three groups of 9–14-year-olds: youth with major depression (MD; n = 32), youth with depressed parents (high-risk; HR; n = 49) and youth with healthy parents (low-risk; LR; n = 42). The PVT revealed MD participants to maintain attention longer on sad faces compared to HR, but not LR participants. This AB correlated positively with depressive symptoms. The VST revealed no group differences. Our results provide preliminary evidence for a negative AB in maintenance of attention on disorder-specific emotional information in depressed compared to at-risk youth.
Implicit consensus clustering from multiple graphs
Authors: Boutalbi Rafika , Labiod Lazhar , Nadif Mohamed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDealing with relational learning generally relies on tools modeling relational data. An undirected graph can represent these data with vertices depicting entities and edges describing the relationships between the entities. These relationships can be well represented by multiple undirected graphs over the same set of vertices with edges arising from different graphs catching heterogeneous relations. The vertices of those networks are often structured in unknown clusters with varying properties of connectivity. These multiple graphs can be structured as a three-way tensor, where each slice of tensor depicts a graph which is represented by a count data matrix. To extract relevant clusters, we propose an appropriate model-based co-clustering capable of dealing with multiple graphs. The proposed model can be seen as a suitable tensor extension of mixture models of graphs, while the obtained co-clustering can be treated as a consensus clustering of nodes from multiple graphs. Applications on real datasets and comparisons with multi-view clustering and tensor decomposition methods show the interest of our contribution.