bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Los discursos de las alumnas acerca de la escuela
Authors: Villarroel Rosende Gladys , Urenda Salamanca Macarena 
Published: January 2021

Este estudio cualitativo da cuenta de los discursos acerca de la escuela que sostienen las alumnas de enseñanza media de los colegios particulares subvencionados y particulares pagados de niñas de Valparaíso y Viña del Mar.
El objetivo del estudio fue detectar las categorías de análisis presentes en los discursos de las alumnas sobre la escuela con el fin de reconstruir la visión que ellas tienen sobre la calidad del colegio al que asisten. Además, interesó determinar
el grado de homogeneidad o heterogeneidad de estos discursos según el tipo de dependencia administrativa del colegio al que pertenecían las alumnas.
Los datos fueron recabados a través de entrevistas en profundidad aplicadas a 40 alumnas de tercer año de enseñanza media de los colegios mencionados.
Entre los hallazgos más relevantes cabe destacar que en los discursos de las alumnas de ambos tipos de colegios, se manifiesta una visión ideal de la escuela que es coincidente con la función manifiesta de educar que la sociedad
tradicionalmente le ha atribuido; y una visión real de la escuela que corresponde a la percepción que las alumnas tienen de su escuela real y concreta.
En los discursos de la escuela como una realidad cotidiana se evidencia diferencias en las percepciones que las alumnas de estos distintos tipos de colegios tienen sobre la escuela, siendo las categorías para enjuiciar la escuela usadas por las alumnas de los colegios particulares pagados, más numerosas y más complejas; reflejándose en ellas mayores expectativas y exigencias acerca de cómo la escuela debe proceder para lograr los objetivos presentes en el discurso oficial sobre la función de la escuela.
El Discurso de los adolescentes escolares chilenos
Authors: Romeo Cardone Julia , Llaña Mena Mónica , Fernández Mateo Francisco 
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo pretende contribuir con una documentación, generada desde el discurso de los jóvenes, con inclusión de una interpretación y un análisis, a modo de una opción de lectura, con propósitos de aproximarse a la cosmovisión que ellos declaran acerca de la participación, y, en consecuencia, a un sistema configurante de actitudes deseables de portar.
Se conformaron grupos de discusión, constituidos por alumnos y alumnas de establecimientos de distinta adscripción administrativa y de identificación diferente. desde el punto de vista socio-económico. Estas últimas consideraciones se han estimado desde la perspectiva de una adaptación de los criterios de J.J. Macionis (1994), contemplando -así- niveles alto y medio-alto, medio-medio, y medio-bajo y bajo. Se ha respetado-también- la dimensión de homologación y de heterogeneidad que son necesarios en este tipo de procedimientos.
Differential relieving effects of shikonin and its derivatives on inflammation and mucosal barrier damage caused by ulcerative colitis
Authors: Han Hongwei , Sun Wenxue , Feng Lu , Wen Zhongling , Yang Minkai , Ma Yingying , Fu Jiangyan , Ma Xiaopeng , Xu Xinhong , Wang Zhaoyue , Yin Tongming , Wang Xiao-Ming , Lu Gui-Hua , Qi Jin-Liang , Lin Hongyan , Yang Yonghua 
Published: January 2021

Background
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most challenging human diseases. Natural shikonin (SK) and its derivatives (with have higher accumulation) isolated from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon have numerous beneficial effects, such as wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Some researchers have reported that hydroxynaphthoquinone mixture (HM) and SK attenuate the acute UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). However, no existing study has systemically investigated the effectiveness of SK and other hydroxynaphthoquinone natural derivative monomers on UC.

Methods
In this study, mice were treated with SK and its derivatives (25 mg/kg) and mesalazine (200 mg/kg) after DSS administration daily for one week. Disease progression was monitored daily by observing the changes in clinical signs and body weight.

Results
Intragastric administration natural single naphthoquinone attenuated the malignant symptoms induced by DSS. SK or its derivatives remarkably suppressed the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 . Additionally, both SK and alkanin restrained the activities of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in serum and colonic tissues. SK and its derivatives inhibited the activation of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRP3) inflammasome and NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby relieving the DSS-induced disruption of epithelial tight junction (TJ) in colonic tissues.

Conclusions
Our findings shed more lights on the pharmacological efficacy of SK and its derivatives in UC against inflammation and mucosal barrier damage.
High efficient separation of olefin from fluid catalytic cracking naphtha: Separation mechanism and universal simulation method
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Zhao Liang , Chen Feng , Wang Yongtao , Gao Jinsen , Cao Liyuan , Wang Hui , Xu Chunming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) naphtha critical component‐oriented separation process is an efficient method to produce ultra‐low‐sulfur (<10 μg/g) gasoline with minimal loss of octane number (<1 RON). However, the product quality is highly dependent on the structure of the components of FCC naphtha. Aromatics and thiophene sulfides without a methyl side chain favor the separation of olefin. The major impulse of olefin separation is the solvent‐induced dipole of aromatics or thiophene sulfides, leading to a “Plane‐to‐Plane” combination between the solvent and aromatics or thiophene sulfides, accompanied by a steric hindrance due to their side chains. This condition resulted in 2–3 times greater θ of benzene and thiophene compared with that of toluene and 3‐methylthiophene. In addition, an improved non‐random two‐liquid model was proposed based on the above results, and a simulation method for FCC naphtha solvent extraction process was established. The calculation results accorded well with industry data.
Candidate pharmacological treatments for substance use disorder and suicide identified by gene co‐expression network‐based drug repositioning
Authors: Cabrera‐Mendoza Brenda , Martínez‐Magaña José Jaime , Monroy‐Jaramillo Nancy , Genis‐Mendoza Alma Delia , Fresno Cristóbal , Fries Gabriel Rodrigo , Walss‐Bass Consuelo , López Armenta Mauro , García‐Dolores Fernando , Díaz‐Otañez Carlos Enrique , Flores Gonzalo , Vázquez‐Roque Rubén Antonio , Nicolini Humberto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPatients with substance use disorders (SUD) are at high risk to die by suicide. So far, the neurobiology of the suicide‐SUD association has not been elucidated. This study aimed to identify potential pharmacological targets among hub genes from brain gene co‐expression networks of individuals with SUD in a suicidal and non‐suicidal context. Post‐mortem samples from the prefrontal cortex of 79 individuals were analyzed. Individuals were classified into the following groups: suicides with SUD (n = 28), suicides without SUD (n = 23), nonsuicides with SUD (n = 9), nonsuicides without SUD (n = 19). Gene expression profiles were evaluated with the Illumina HumanHT‐12 v4 array. Co‐expression networks were constructed in WGCNA using the differentially expressed genes found in the comparisons: (a) suicides with and without SUD and (b) nonsuicides with and without SUD. Hub genes were selected for drug‐gene interaction testing in the DGIdb database. Among drugs interacting with hub genes in suicides we found MAOA inhibitors and dextromethorphan. In the nonsuicide individuals, we found interactions with eglumegad and antipsychotics (olanzapine, clozapine, loxapine). Modafinil was found to interact with genes in both suicides and nonsuicides. These drugs represent possible candidate treatments for patients with SUD with and without suicidal behavior and their study in each context is encouraged.
Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Induced Polyacrylonitrile‐Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Chaojie , Li Zhiwei , Xu Yinghong , Liao Haojie , Wu Langyuan , Dou Hui , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHierarchical porous carbon that possesses large surface area and high porosity has become an important electrode material for supercapacitors. However, some unavoidable issues like complex approach and environmental pollution involved in traditional chemical activation restrict the sustainable development of carbons. Herein, a green, low‐cost, and safe urea‐zinc chloride deep eutectic solvent (DES) is proposed to prepare polyacrylonitrile derived three‐dimensional carbon nanosphere (D‐PC). Specially, the D‐PC efficiently accelerates electrolyte ions migration and enhances charge storage due to its interconnected ionic pathways and large accessible active surfaces. When employing the D‐PC as positive electrode of zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitors, a high specific capacitance of 261.5 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 along with a cycling stability of 91.3 % after 10000 cycles at 5 A g−1. Meanwhile, such device holds the maximum energy/power density of 93.9 Wh kg−1/16.7 kW kg−1 at 0.2 A g−1/20 A g−1, respectively. Thanks to the unique physicochemical properties of as‐obtained D‐PC, an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 2.2 F cm−2 also can be achieved at a mass loading of 23 mg cm−2. The satisfying structure and performance highlight the potential of DESs in the design of functional carbons.
The influence of catalyst flow rate and superficial gas velocity on the modified two‐phase model for propylene polymerization in a gas‐phase fluidized bed reactor
Authors: Atan Mohd Farid , Hussain Mohd Azlan , Shamiri Ahmad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOlefin polymerization, especially of propylene in gas‐phase fluidized bed reactors, is increasingly prevalent because of its ability to handle the continuous process, among other advantages. The challenge for modelling this process is solving the high nonlinearity phenomena in such a system. This research studies the influence of catalyst flow rate and superficial gas velocity on the modified two‐phase model. The catalyst flow rates were set at 1 × 10−4, 2 × 10−4, and 3 × 10−4 kg/s, while the superficial flow rates were set at 0.35, 0.5, and 0.65 m/s. Production rate, reactor temperature, and heat‐loss flow rate were found to be proportional to catalyst flow rate and inversely proportional to superficial gas velocity. Heat loss through the fluidized bed wall had an influence only on the reactor temperature. Finally, predicted reactor temperatures corresponded closely to the pilot plant data, with deviations smaller than 0.5%.
A novel FCNs‐ConvLSTM network for video salient object detection
Authors: Huang Hai , Liu Chang , Tian Lei , Mu Junsheng , Jing Xiaojun 
Published: January 2021

SummaryA video saliency detection model is proposed based on deep learning, which improves the existing fully convolutional network (FCN)‐based model by introducing a convolutional long short‐term memory (ConvLSTM) module. The ConvLSTM splits the input into two flows with two layers in each one. The two flows have different dilation rates that make them have different receptive fields, which enables the proposed model to perform better in depicting the contour of objects. The ConvLSTM module receive frames in order as input rather than unordered frames that FCN modules do, so the proposed model can learn both spatial and temporal information of video data. Considering the lack of manually labeled annotations in the dataset, augmentation technologies are used in training the model to expand the dataset, such as performing mirror transformation, introducing Gaussian noise and abandoning every other frame to simulate fast movement situation. The proposed FCNs‐ConvLSTM model is trained and evaluated on extensively used dataset, and the results demonstrate that it performs better on recall rate (0.52 to 0.64) with a similar level on precision rate (0.72) when threshold is 125 and it also gets an increase on maximum F‐measure (0.66 to 0.70), which indicates that the proposed model has better capacity in detecting moving object.
Step‐ahead spot price densities using daily synchronously reported prices and wind forecasts
Authors: Solibakke Per B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper uses non‐linear methodologies to follow the synchronously reported relationship between the Nordic/Baltic electric daily spot auction prices and geographical relevant wind forecasts in MWh from early 2013 to 2020. It is a well‐known market (auctions) microstructure fact that the daily wind forecasts are information available to the market before the daily auction bid deadline at 11 a.m. The main objective is therefore to establish conditional and marginal step ahead spot price density forecast using a stochastic representation of the lagged, synchronously reported and stationary spot price and wind forecast movements. Using an upward expansion path applying the Schwarz (Bayesian information criterion [BIC]) criterion and a battery of residual test statistics, an optimal maximum likelihood process density is suggested. The optimal specification reports a significant negative covariance between the daily price and wind forecast movements. Conditional on bivariate lags from theSNPinformation and using the known market information for wind forecast movements att1, the paper establishes one‐step‐ahead bivariate and marginal day‐ahead spot price movement densities. The result shows that wind forecasts significantly influence the synchronously reported spot price densities (means and volatilities). The paper reports day‐ahead bivariate and marginal densities for spot price movements conditional on several very plausible price and wind forecast movements. The paper suggests day‐ahead spot price predictions from conditional and synchronously reported wind forecasts movements. The information should increase market participants spot market insight and consequently make spot price predictions more accurate and the confidence interval considerably narrower.
Nicorandil mitigates folic acid‐induced nephrotoxicity in mice: Role of iNOS and eNOS
Authors: Ezzat Dalia M. , Soliman Asmaa M. , El‐Kashef Dalia H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFolic acid (FA)‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonly used model in experimental animals for studying renal injury. This study aimed to investigate the probable protecting impact of nicorandil against FA‐induced renal dysfunction. A mouse model was executed by a single injection of FA (250 mg/kg). Nicorandil was orally administrated in two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 10 days. Nicorandil repressed the progression of FA‐induced AKI as evidenced by the improvement of histopathological alterations and the substantial decrease of serum levels of creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen, malondialdehyde (MDA), and urinary protein levels. Moreover, nicorandil resulted in a profound reduction in oxidative stress as manifested by decreased MDA and increased reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase in renal tissue. Notably, nicorandil suppressed FA‐induced inflammation; it reduced renal levels of nuclear factor‐κB, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and interleukin‐6. Furthermore, nicorandil decreased renal levels of nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Lastly, nicorandil efficiently decreased expression of the proapoptotic protein (Bax) and caspase 3. Nicorandil confers dose‐dependent protection against FA‐induced AKI by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation besides modulating nitric oxide synthase and reducing apoptosis.
Dynamics of Top‐Down Control and Motor Networks in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Chen Li , Bedard Patrick , Hallett Mark , Horovitz Silvina G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundMotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients might be related to high‐level task‐control deficits. We aimed at investigating the dynamics between sensorimotor network and top‐down control networks (frontal–parietal, cingulo‐opercular, and cerebellar) in PD and at determining the effects of levodopa on the dynamics of these networks.MethodsWe investigated dynamic functional connectivity (dFC), during resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, between sensorimotor network and top‐down control networks in 36 PD patients (OFF medication, PD‐OFF) and 36 healthy volunteers. We further assessed the effect of medication on dFC in18 PD patients who were also scanned ON medication.ResultsThe dFC analyses identified three discrete states: State I (35.68%) characterized by connections between the cerebellum and sensorimotor network, State II (34.17%) with connections between the sensorimotor and frontal–parietal network, and State III (30.15%) with connection between the sensorimotor and cingulo‐opercular network. PD patients have significantly fewer occurrences and overall spent less time (shorter dwell time) in State II compared to healthy controls. After levodopa intake, dwell time improved toward normal. The change in dwell time before and after taking levodopa was negatively related to the respective changes in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Part III. PD‐OFF showed significantly decreased connectivity between sensorimotor and control networks and increased connectivity within control networks. These changes were partially improved after levodopa intake.ConclusionsDopamine depletion in PD is associated with abnormalities in temporal and spatial properties between cognitive control and sensorimotor network, possibly contributing to clinical deficits. Levodopa partially restores the network function toward the values observed in healthy volunteers. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Two tSNPs in BRIP1 are associated with breast cancer during TDT analysis
Authors: Li Xuefei , Li Zhuo , Yang Miao , Luo Yan , Hu Li , Xiao Zhi , Huang Aji , Huang Juan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate and confirm the association between 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms of four susceptibility genes (NBS1, TP53, PTEN, and BRIP1) and the susceptibility of breast cancer.MethodsThe genome DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and tumor tissues from one hundred and seventeen core families. 15 SNPs were detected by PCR. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) are used to verify the association between these SNPs and breast cancer. Further correlation between SNPs and certain pathological features of the tumor, including tumor size, location of lymph nodes, pathologic classification, and the stage and subtype of breast cancer, are analyzed by the chi‐square test and logistic regression analysis.ResultsBased on TDTs, two SNPs of rs7220719 and rs11871753 in BRIP1 showed a significant association with breast cancer, while the other 13 selected SNPs did not. However, further statistical analysis demonstrated no obvious differentiation in the clinical characteristics of breast cancer between 37 patients with rs7220719 and 80 patients with wild types. Similar results were also found for rs11871753.ConclusionsThe data provided the evidence for the association between two SNPs of BRIP1 and breast cancer, but did not affect certain clinical phenotypes.
Fast T1 measurement of cortical bone using 3D UTE actual flip angle imaging and single‐TR acquisition (3D UTE‐AFI‐STR)
Authors: Wei Zhao , Jang Hyungseok , Bydder Graeme M. , Yang Wenhui , Ma Ya‐Jun 
Published: January 2021

PurposeTo describe a new method for accurate T1 measurement of cortical bone that fits the data sets of both 3D UTE actual flip angle imaging (UTE‐AFI) and UTE with a single TR (UTE‐STR) simultaneously (UTE‐AFI‐STR).Theory and MethodsTo make both the constant values and longitudinal mapping functions in the signal equations for UTE‐AFI and UTE‐STR identical, the same RF pulses and flip angles were used. Therefore, there were three unknowns in the three equations. This was sufficient to fit the data. Numerical simulation as well as ex vivo and in vivo cortical bone studies were performed to validate the T1 measurement accuracy with the UTE‐AFI‐STR method. The original UTE‐AFI variable TR (VTR) (ie, combined UTE‐AFI and UTE with VTR) and simultaneous fitting (sf) of UTE‐AFI and UTE‐VTR (sf‐UTE‐AFI‐VTR) methods were performed for comparison.ResultsThe numerical simulation study showed that the UTE‐AFI‐STR method provided accurate value of T1 when the SNR of the UTE‐STR image was higher than 40. The ex vivo study showed that the UTE‐AFI‐STR method measured the T1 of cortical bone accurately, with difference ratios ranging from −5.0% to 0.4%. The in vivo study showed a mean T1 of 246 ms with the UTE‐AFI‐STR method, and mean difference ratios of 2.4% and 5.0%, respectively, compared with the other two methods.ConclusionThe 3D UTE‐AFI‐STR method provides accurate mapping of the T1 of cortical bone with improved time efficiency compared with the UTE‐AFI‐VTR/sf‐UTE‐AFI‐VTR methods.
Topological embeddings into random 2‐complexes
Authors: Farber Michael , Nowik Tahl 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe consider 2‐dimensional random simplicial complexes Y in the multiparameter model. We establish the multiparameter threshold for the property that every 2‐dimensional simplicial complex S admits a topological embedding into Y asymptotically almost surely. Namely, if in the procedure of the multiparameter model on n vertices, each i‐dimensional simplex is taken with probability pi = pi(n), then the threshold is . Our claim in one direction is in fact slightly stronger, namely, we show that if is sufficiently larger than then every S has a fixed subdivision S′ which admits a simplicial embedding into Y asymptotically almost surely. In the other direction we show that if is sufficiently smaller than , then asymptotically almost surely, the torus does not admit a topological embedding into Y.
An efficient load balancing using seven stone game optimization in cloud computing
Authors: Karthikeyan Periyasami 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCloud computing offers massive processing power to cloud client to solve the scientific, financial forecasting, and weather forecasting applications. The process of distributing to the load to the different cloud service providers is a complex problem. Cloud service providers have different types of virtual machines with different computing power types in multi‐layered architectures. Various optimization works have been proposed to tackle the load balancing problem in cloud service providers. Improving performance in load balancing is a cumbersome task. Seven stone game optimization (SSGO) is designed based on the south Indian seven stone game workflow. The proposed method's foremost ambition is to reduce makespan time and maximize cloud service providers' utilization. The proposed method was simulated, and results demonstrate that minimizes the makespan time and maximizes the resource utilization than the particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), and Tabu search (TS). The experimental results show that the SSGO provides 4% more resource utilization than PSO, 5% more than GA, and 7% more than SA and 10% more than TS.