bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global patterns and rates of habitat transitions across the eukaryotic tree of life
Authors: Jamy Mahwash , Biwer Charlie , Vaulot Daniel , Obiol Aleix , Jing Homgmei , Peura Sari , Massana Ramon , Burki Fabien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe successful colonisation of new habitats has played a fundamental role during the evolution of life. Salinity is one of the strongest barriers for organisms to cross, which has resulted in the evolution of distinct marine and terrestrial (including both freshwater and soil) communities. Although microbes represent by far the vast majority of eukaryote diversity, the role of the salt barrier in shaping the diversity across the eukaryotic tree is poorly known. Traditional views suggest rare and ancient marine-terrestrial transitions, but this view is being challenged by the discovery of several recently transitioned lineages. Here, we investigate habitat evolution across the tree of eukaryotes using a unique set of taxon-rich environmental phylogenies inferred from a combination of long-read and short-read metabarcoding data spanning the ribosomal DNA operon. Our results show that overall marine and terrestrial microbial communities are phylogenetically distinct, but transitions have occurred in both directions in almost all major eukaryotic lineages, with at least 350 transition events detected. Some groups have experienced relatively high rates of transitions, most notably fungi for which crossing the salt barrier has most likely been an important aspect of their successful diversification. At the deepest phylogenetic levels, ancestral habitat reconstruction analyses suggest that eukaryotes may have first evolved in non-saline habitats, and that the two largest known eukaryotic assemblages (TSAR and Amorphea) arose in different habitats. Overall, our findings indicate that crossing the salt barrier has played an important role in eukaryotic evolution by providing new ecological niches to fill.
Efficacy of longevity interventions in C. elegans is determined by early life activity of RNA splicing factors
Authors: Dutta Sneha , Heintz Caroline , Perez-Matos Maria C. , Mutlu Ayse Sena , Piper Mary E. , Mistry Meeta , Sharma Arpit , Smith Hannah J. , Howell Porsha , Sehgal Rohan , Lanjuin Anne , Wang Meng C. , Mair William B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGeroscience aims to target the aging process to extend healthspan. However, even isogenic individuals show heterogeneity in natural aging rate and responsiveness to pro-longevity interventions, limiting translational potential. Using in vivo mini gene reporters in isogenic C. elegans, we show that alternative splicing of mRNAs related to lipid metabolism in young animals is coupled to subsequent life expectancy. Further, activity of RNA splicing factors REPO-1 and SFA-1 early in life modulates effectiveness of specific longevity interventions via POD-2/ACC1 and regulation of lipid utilization. In addition, early inhibition of REPO-1 renders animals refractory to late onset suppression of the TORC1 pathway. Together these data suggest that activity of RNA splicing factors and the metabolic landscape early in life can modulate responsiveness to longevity interventions and may explain variance in efficacy between individuals.One Sentence SummaryEfficacy of pro-longevity interventions in C. elegans is determined by the activity of splicing factors and the lipid metabolic landscape early in the life of the individual.
Programmable large DNA deletion, replacement, integration, and inversion with twin prime editing and site-specific recombinases
Authors: Anzalone Andrew V. , Gao Xin D. , Podracky Christopher J. , Nelson Andrew T. , Koblan Luke W. , Raguram Aditya , Levy Jonathan M. , Mercer Jaron A. M. , Liu David R. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe targeted deletion, replacement, integration, or inversion of DNA sequences at specified locations in the genome could be used to study or treat many human genetic diseases. Here, we describe twin prime editing (twinPE), a method for the programmable replacement or excision of DNA sequence at endogenous human genomic sites without requiring double-strand DNA breaks. TwinPE uses a prime editor (PE) protein and two prime editing guide RNAs (pegRNAs) that template the synthesis of complementary DNA flaps on opposing strands of genomic DNA, resulting in the replacement of endogenous DNA sequence between the PE-induced nick sites with pegRNA-encoded sequences. We show that twinPE in human cells can perform precise deletions of at least 780 bp and precise replacements of genomic DNA sequence with new sequences of at least 108 bp. By combining single or multiplexed twinPE with site-specific serine recombinases either in separate steps or in a single step, we demonstrate targeted integration of gene-sized DNA plasmids (>5,000 bp) into safe-harbor loci including AAVS1, CCR5, and ALB in human cells. To our knowledge, these results represent the first RNA-programmable insertion of gene-sized DNA sequences into targeted genomic sites of unmodified human cells without requiring double-strand breaks or homology-directed repair. Twin PE combined with recombinases also mediated a 40,167-bp inversion at IDS that corrects a common Hunter syndrome allele. TwinPE expands the capabilities of precision gene editing without requiring double-strand DNA breaks and synergizes with other tools to enable the correction or complementation of large or complex pathogenic alleles in human cells.
Behavioral context affects social signal representations within single primate prefrontal cortex neurons
Authors: Jovanovic Vladimir , Fishbein Adam R. , de la Mothe Lisa , Lee Kuo-Fen , Miller Cory T. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryWe tested whether social signal processing in more traditional, head-restrained contexts is representative of the putative natural analog – social communication – by comparing responses to vocalizations within individual neurons in marmoset prefrontal cortex (PFC) across a series of behavioral contexts ranging from traditional to naturalistic. Although vocalization responsive neurons were evident in all contexts, cross-context consistency was notably limited. A response to these social signals when subjects were head-restrained was not predictive of a comparable neural response to the identical vocalizations during natural communication, even within the same neuron. Neural activity at the population level followed a similar pattern, as PFC activity could be reliably decoded for the context in which vocalizations were heard. This suggests that neural representations of social signals in primate PFC are not static, but highly flexible and likely reflect how nuances of the dynamic behavioral contexts affect the perception of these signals and what they communicate.
Reconstitution of 3’-processing of mammalian pre-mRNA reveals a central role of RBBP6
Authors: Schmidt Moritz , Kluge Florian , Sandmeir Felix , Kühn Uwe , Schäfer Peter , Tüting Christian , Ihling Christian , Conti Elena , Wahle Elmar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe 3’ ends of almost all eukaryotic mRNAs are generated in an essential two-step processing reaction, endonucleolytic cleavage of an extended precursor followed by the addition of a poly(A) tail. By reconstituting the reaction from overproduced and purified proteins, we provide a minimal list of fourteen polypeptides essential and two stimulatory for RNA processing. In a reaction depending on the polyadenylation signal AAUAAA, the reconstituted system cleaves pre-mRNA at a single preferred site corresponding to the one usedin vivo. Among the proteins, Cleavage Factor I stimulates cleavage but is not essential, consistent with its prominent role in alternative polyadenylation. RBBP6 is required, structural data showing it to contact and presumably activate the endonuclease CPSF73 through its DWNN domain. The C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II is dispensable. ATP, but not its hydrolysis, supports RNA cleavage by binding to the hClp1 subunit of cleavage factor II with submicromolar affinity.
The effect of acute oral galactose administration on the redox system of the rat small intestine
Authors: Homolak Jan , Perhoc Ana Babic , Knezovic Ana , Barilar Jelena Osmanovic , Virag Davor , Joja Mihovil , Salkovic-Petrisic Melita 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGalactose is a ubiquitous monosaccharide with important yet incompletely understood nutritive and physiological roles. Chronic parenteral D-galactose administration is used for modeling aging-related pathophysiological processes in rodents due to its ability to induce oxidative stress (OS). Conversely, chronic oral D-galactose administration prevents and alleviates cognitive decline in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease indicating galactose may exert beneficial health effects by acting in the gut. The present aim was to explore acute time-response of intestinal redox homeostasis following oral administration of D-galactose. Male Wistar rats were euthanized at baseline (n=6), 30 (n=6), 60 (n=6), and 120 (n=6) minutes following orogastric administration of D-galactose (200 mg/kg). The overall reductive capacity, lipid peroxidation, the concentration of low molecular weight thiols (LMWT) and protein sulfhydryls (SH), the activity of Mn and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (SOD), reduced and oxidized fractions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates (NADPH/NADP), and hydrogen peroxide dissociation rate were analyzed in duodenum and ileum. Acute oral administration of D-galactose increased the activity of SODs and decreased intestinal lipid peroxidation and nucleophilic substrates (LMWT, SH, NADPH) indicating activation of peroxidative damage defense pathways. The redox system of the small intestine can acutely tolerate even high luminal concentrations of galactose (0.55 M) and oral galactose treatment is associated with a reduction rather than the increment of the intestinal OS. The ability of oral D-galactose to modulate intestinal OS should be further explored in the context of intestinal barrier maintenance, and beneficial cognitive effects associated with long-term administration of low doses of D-galactose.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) dose-dependently shifts the gut microbiome consistent with the progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis
Authors: Fling Russell R. , Zacharewski Tim R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGut dysbiosis with disrupted enterohepatic bile acid metabolism is commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and recapitulated in a NAFLD-phenotype elicited by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in mice. TCDD induces hepatic fat accumulation and increases levels of secondary bile acids including taurolithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid, microbial modified bile acids involved in host bile acid regulation signaling pathways. To investigate the effects of TCDD on the gut microbiota, cecum contents of male C57BL/6 mice orally gavaged with sesame oil vehicle or 0.3, 3, or 30 µg/kg TCDD were examined using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Taxonomic analysis identified dose-dependent increases in Lactobacillus species (i.e., Lactobacillus reuteri). Increased species were also associated with dose-dependent increases in bile salt hydrolase sequences, responsible for deconjugation reactions in secondary bile acid metabolism. Increased L. reuteri levels were further associated with mevalonate-dependent isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) biosynthesis and menaquinone biosynthesis genes. Analysis of gut microbiomes from cirrhosis patients identified increased abundance of these pathways as identified in the mouse cecum metagenomic analysis. These results extend the association of lactobacilli with the AhR/intestinal axis in NAFLD progression and highlight the similarities between TCDD-elicited phenotypes in mice to human NAFLD.
AbDiver – A tool to explore the natural antibody landscape to aid therapeutic design
Authors: Młokosiewicz Jakub , Deszyński Piotr , Wilman Wiktoria , Jaszczyszyn Igor , Ganesan Rajkumar , Kovaltsuk Aleksandr , Leem Jinwoo , Galson Jacob , Krawczyk Konrad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMotivationRational design of therapeutic antibodies can be improved by harnessing the natural sequence diversity of these molecules. Our understanding of the diversity of antibodies has recently been greatly facilitated through the deposition of hundreds of millions of human antibody sequences in next-generation sequencing (NGS) repositories. Contrasting a query therapeutic antibody sequence to naturally observed diversity in similar antibody sequences from NGS can provide a mutational road-map for antibody engineers designing biotherapeutics. Because of the sheer scale of the antibody NGS datasets, performing queries across them is computationally challenging.ResultsTo facilitate harnessing antibody NGS data, we developed AbDiver (http://naturalantibody.com/abdiver), a free portal allowing users to compare their query sequences to those observed in the natural repertoires. AbDiver offers three antibody-specific use-cases: 1) compare a query antibody to positional variability statistics precomputed from multiple independent studies 2) retrieve close full variable sequence matches to a query antibody and 3) retrieve CDR3 or clonotype matches to a query antibody. We applied our system to a set of 742 therapeutic antibodies, demonstrating that for each use-case our system can retrieve relevant results for most sequences. AbDiver facilitates the navigation of vast antibody mutation space for the purpose of rational therapeutic antibody design and engineering.AvailabilityAbDiver is freely accessible at http://naturalantibody.com/abdiver.
Improving poultry meat and sales channels to address food safety concerns: consumers' preferences on poultry meat attributes
Authors: Indrawan Dikky , Christy Accesstia , Hogeveen Henk 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis study explains Indonesian consumers' choice of poultry meat attributes and the willingness to pay (WTP) for these attributes using a discrete choice experiment.Design/methodology/approachThe survey was conducted for the traditional and modern channels and involved a sample of 440 respondents in the Greater Jakarta area. A discrete choice experiment was employed as the study framework and in designing the questionnaire. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate consumers' preference for poultry attributes in modern and traditional channels.FindingsConsumers preferred warm poultry meat, government certification and product information labeling on poultry meat. The WTP for warm poultry meat was the highest, which is indicating that freshness is crucial for consumers to ensure quality. Moreover, consumers had more trust in government certification than private certification for food safety and were willing to pay more for product information labeling on poultry meat.Practical implicationsThe government can use the model as a decision support to improve poultry meat quality at sales channels in Indonesia including to close sales channels where sick poultry are sold and thus address food safety concerns caused by the avian influenza outbreak.Originality/valueThis study shows that understanding the WTP for poultry meat attributes enables the government to control the poultry sales channels and stimulates producers to supply the market with a safer poultry meat quality using the price mechanism.
Talent management in hospitality and tourism: a systematic literature review and research agenda
Authors: Kravariti Foteini , Voutsina Katerina , Tasoulis Konstantinos , Dibia Chianu , Johnston Karen 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to provide a systematic literature review (SLR) of extant research on talent management (TM) in hospitality and tourism (H&T). The objectives are first, to offer an empirical mapping analysis of TM research in H&T; second, to identify and discuss key research topics; and third, to recommend avenues for future research.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a SLR of TM literature in the context of H&T by analysing peer-reviewed papers published between January 2000 and October 2020. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis process, three independent coders undertook a content analysis of 74 papers for the SLR.

Findings
The authors found that TM in H&T offers contextualised evidence consistent on five key research topics: TM practices; conceptualisation of talent and TM; TM antecedents and outcomes; key TM stakeholders; and talent education and graduate careers. The analysis indicated that most studies are qualitative, focussed on Europe and North America and that primarily examine hotels. The small number of TM studies in H&T along with the lack of strong theoretical groundings show that the field is at the early stages of the growing stage, yet the sharp increase demonstrates an exponential growth in interest.

Practical implications
This study highlights the importance of TM and indicates that businesses in the sector need to reconsider the definition of talent, their approaches to TM and the bundling of TM practices to improve their effectiveness. It also calls for partnerships among the industry’s key stakeholders and a revisiting of agendas for educators.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that offers a holistic examination of research on a wide range of TM topics within various H&T sectors over the past 20 years. It clarifies the conceptualisation of talent and TM in this field and provides insights, as well as context-specific evidence on the management of H&T talent. This study is the first to argue that the research stream is moving towards a growth stage and offers recommendations on advancing the field.
The meaning of open-water swimming for adults in Ireland: a qualitative study
Authors: Murray Edel , Fox Jackie 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
There has been an increase in swimming in natural bodies of water as reported in personal qualitative accounts. However, limited academic research has explored the meaning of this occupation. Engaging with nature, exercising and being part of a community contribute to better mental and physical health. The purpose of this research was to explore the meaning that adults attribute to open-water swimming in natural bodies of water.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used phenomenological interviews to explore the meaning that five adults attribute to open-water swimming.

Findings
Open-water swimming contributes to meaning-making in many ways. Participants reported swimming as necessary for maintaining mental and emotional well-being and forming meaningful connections with the social environment, nature and their true selves.

Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the understanding of the meaning of open-water swimming for adults in Ireland. Understanding the meaning of this occupation may add to the body of evidence exploring blue-space to promote health.

Originality/value
Open-water swimming is an occupation growing in popularity. This is the first paper to explore open-water swimming from an occupational perspective. This may provide an alternative perspective for viewing blue-space engagement and understanding the relationship between health, blue-space occupations and our oceans.
Critical skills for infrastructure procurement: insights from developing country contexts
Authors: Asiedu Richard Ohene , Manu Patrick , Mahamadu Abdul-Majeed , Booth Colin Anthony , Olomolaiye Paul , Agyekum Kofi , Abadi Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Effective procurement of infrastructure is partly dependent on infrastructure procurement personnel having the skills that are important for the discharge of their role. Addressing the infrastructure deficits in developing countries, therefore, calls for an understanding of the skills that are important for the discharge of the roles of public personnel that are involved in infrastructure procurement. This study aims to investigate these skills from the perspective of public infrastructure procurement personnel in the sub-Saharan African region.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire survey of procurement personnel yielded 590 useable responses, which were analysed using t-tests and exploratory factor analysis (EFA).

Findings
EFA established eight key components of important infrastructure procurement skills to include skills related to: project success factors; social and environmental sustainability; marketing and e-procurement; project phase management, the application of procurement laws and procedures; soft skills, ICT and communication; and data analysis and team building.

Originality/value
The findings are crucial in developing infrastructure procurement capacity building programmes that would be appropriate for infrastructure procurement personnel in developing country contexts. Infrastructure procurement personnel ought to engage more in capacity development training that is aligned to enhancing skills within the eight components.
Knowledge-oriented leadership and technology standard innovation: a temporary-team perspective
Authors: Jiang Hong , Motohashi Kazuyuki , Liu Wentao , Zhang Xu 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relevance of knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL) to technology standard innovation (TSI) from a temporary-team perspective. The mediating and moderating effect on knowledge integration (KI) and leader–member exchange (LMX) is emphasized.

Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual model is built based on an exhaustive literature review and is empirically tested in terms of a sample of 341 Chinese individuals with TSI experience. Quantitative analysis was performed using a questionnaire with the bootstrapping method used to demonstrate the mediating effect of KI.

Findings
The empirical results of this study prove that KI mediates the relationship between KOL and TSI. The authors deduce that LMX moderates the positive relation between KOL and KI.

Originality/value
Few studies have investigated the innovation activities of technology standards from a temporary-team perspective. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to look into the underlying mechanism of KOL in TSI. This research deepens the analysis by introducing LMX’s moderating role in the innovation process of technology standards, thereby providing valuable insights for leaders of innovation activities of technology standards and illuminating new aspects of knowledge-intensive temporary-team management.