bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cultural Hybridity of Chineseness
Authors: Gibbs Levi S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article looks at three contemporary novels where songs sung by rural women from the border region of northern Shaanxi Province evoke cultural and temporal hybridities, fusing social continuity with the threat and promise of change. The novels alternately portray untamed others—ranging from a Xiongnu soldier to a mountain bride to a country girl—as invasive threats and purveyors of potentially beneficial hybridities, adapting tropes of ethnic alterity to rethink the rural-urban divide and challenge both urban-centered and rural-centered discourses of progress. The wild brings vibrancy to the civilized, the center is drawn to the periphery, and the rural and urban are alternately desired and dismissed. In the end, these rural women's songs erase hierarchical notions of center and periphery and bring together alternative worldviews and visions of progress as only songs of the borderland can.
Conciliatory Amalgamation
Authors: Tan E. K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Published in 2015, Padi Guli's A Hundred Years of Bloodline tells the story of Fatima, a Uyghur woman's journey to unpack her family history while struggling to understand the status of ethnic minorities in the larger fabric of multiethnic China. The novel concludes with a positive message calling for ethnic integration. This adoption of a state-sanctioned concept of ethnic integration is what this article calls conciliatory amalgamation; it privileges a rhetoric of multiethnicism that centers on national unity and economic progress. This article reads the novel against the PRC's ethnic minority policy to examine the implications of the protagonist's cultural, linguistic, and geopolitical border-crossing as she comes to terms with ethnic amalgamation as a necessary mode of survival. This allows the novel to be read as a symptom of Padi Guli's status as a Sinophone Uyghur writer who establishes herself within the dominant tradition of Chinese literature. As one of the few prominent Sinophone Uyghur writers, she inevitably becomes a token that sustains the rhetoric of Chinese literature as inclusive and diverse. Along this line of thought, the article argues that Padi Guli's status as a writer mirrors that of her protagonist as they both adopt a conciliatory attitude toward amalgamation.
Treading Poetic Borders in Southwest China and Northeast India
Authors: Bender Mark 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Since the 1980s ethnic minority poets writing in the borderlands of Southwest China and Northeast India emerged on the world stage from within currents of dramatic environmental, political, economic, and demographic change, cresting in momentum by the 2010s. Within these borderlands of the Eastern Himalayas, burgeoning populations, propelled by sociopolitical agendas, ecological disasters, and other factors, stress borders and resources in areas increasingly open to exploitation by regional and international corporations and governments. Minority poetic voices throughout the region often respond to these radical environmental and cultural shifts with imagery of the environment delivered in very personal terms. Poets not only assume individual voices but also take on metonymic personae, speaking for concerns of their own groups via print, live performance, and digital formats. Mutual awareness of these cross-border poetries is slowly emerging, revealing that themes of poems from within these border areas are often parallel, with common concerns, though local characteristics. Cultural shifts and accommodation to new or revised modes of living and reactions to increasingly severe challenges to the local and regional environments surface repeatedly in the poetry. Some poems tread boundaries between the human and nonhuman inhabitants of these border areas, speaking for—or as—plants, animals, and geographic features.
Embracing the Xenophone
Authors: Shernuk Kyle 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBy interrogating the borderlands of the discipline of Chinese literature, this article argues that Chinese literary studies should recognize non-Sinitic-language literatures that engage with issues of Chineseness as proper objects of study. Prevailing frameworks in Chinese and Sinophone literary studies range from an implicit aversion to non-Sinitic-language texts to their explicit exclusion. The consequence, however, is that texts that would otherwise be considered works of Chinese literature based on their content and/or combinations of other factors are condemned to a “literary no-man's land.” By removing the minimum threshold of language for consideration in the Chinese literary tradition and permitting texts that otherwise reflect or participate in the production of discourses of Chineseness—which the author theorizes as an embrace of the xenophone—the study of Chinese literature recuperates previously excluded expressions of Chineseness and begins writing a new branch of Chinese literary history. As case in point, the author analyzes the Spanish-language Chinese literature of Chinese Peruvian American writer Siu Kam Wen, specifically, his first collection of short stories, El tramo final (The Final Stretch). From offering new ideas of what it means to be Chinese to rewriting the history of China's red legacies, Siu's work represents a needed intervention in Chinese literary studies that would otherwise be excluded owing to its language of composition.
Crosstalk between basal extracellular matrix adhesion and building of apical architecture during morphogenesis
Authors: Barrera-Velázquez Mariana , Ríos-Barrera Luis Daniel 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Tissues build complex structures like lumens and microvilli to carry out their functions. Most of the mechanisms used to build these structures rely on cells remodelling their apical plasma membranes, which ultimately constitute the specialised compartments. In addition to apical remodelling, these shape changes also depend on the proper attachment of the basal plasma membrane to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM provides cues to establish apicobasal polarity, and it also transduces forces that allow apical remodelling. However, physical crosstalk mechanisms between basal ECM attachment and the apical plasma membrane remain understudied, and the ones described so far are very diverse, which highlights the importance of identifying the general principles. Here, we review apicobasal crosstalk of two well-established models of membrane remodelling taking place during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis: amnioserosa cell shape oscillations during dorsal closure and subcellular tube formation in tracheal cells. We discuss how anchoring to the basal ECM affects apical architecture and the mechanisms that mediate these interactions. We analyse this knowledge under the scope of other morphogenetic processes and discuss what aspects of apicobasal crosstalk may represent widespread phenomena and which ones are used to build subsets of specialised compartments.
Racism in medicine: A qualitative study on the impact of discussion among medical students
Authors: Saymuah Stone Sara , Bell Capricia , Peoples Ashleigh , Sandhu Manvir , Alzouhayli Suma , Akers Katherine G. 
Published: November 2021

Background: This study evaluated the impact of the Racism in Medicine Summit on student perceptions of various topics related to racism in medicine. The Summit was organized at the Wayne State University School of Medicine (WSUSOM) to educate students, faculty and staff on how structural racism affects the residents of Detroit and the historical relationship between healthcare and vulnerable populations. The Summit aimed at providing context for what students in Detroit will encounter as physicians-in-training and the skills they will need to master while working within similar communities. Methods: Qualtrics surveys were created and distributed via email to attendees before and after the event. Responses were obtained via Likert scale and open-text questions. Results: A total of 342 out of 445 participants (77%) completed both the pre- and post-survey. Quantitative analysis in post-survey responses revealed more familiarity among participants regarding specific instances of racism in the history of medicine, greater extent of thinking the history of racism impacts present-day Detroit residents, greater extent of thinking that racism influences medical care and/or medical outcomes, and belief that racism is reflected in medical research, compared to pre-survey responses (p < 0.001). Participants also reported more often considering racial or societal influences when studying medicine and more knowledge of what they can do to combat racism as a student and physician (p < 0.001). Qualitative analysis revealed seven themes among participants: the history of racism in medicine, personal reflection, racism in research, bias and microaggression, actions to take against racism, resources for anti-racist education, and racism in medical education. Conclusions: Demonstrable changes in medical student attitude and awareness surrounding topics of racism and healthcare were achieved after the Racism in Medicine Summit. This can serve as a model for other medical schools to raise awareness about racism in medicine.
Features of Distance Learning in Geometric and Graphic Disciplines Using Methods of Constructive Geometric Modeling
Authors: Boyashova E. 
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching the discipline "Descriptive geometry" in the conditions of distance learning, it examines the application of information technologies in the educational process in geometric and graphic disciplines. Increasing the speed of information processes, reducing the number of hours for mastering the discipline. the conditions of distance learning set new tasks for teachers and dictate their requirements for teaching graphic disciplines and the use of teaching experience in a new reality; there is a need to introduce and develop new forms of education without losing the quality of education. Geometric-graphic disciplines occupy one of the important places in technical education, the complexity of the study of which lies in the development of a graphical representation of phenomena, objects and processes by methods of constructive geometric modeling. The knowledge and skills acquired by students contribute to the development of spatial, imaginative and rational thinking, which is necessary for future professional activities. Descriptive geometry is a discipline that is not easy to master on your own without a conscious understanding of the logic and sequence of geometric constructions, without deep knowledge of theoretical foundations and constant, repeated implementation of practical tasks. The acquisition of practical skills in mastering the methods of discipline has become more difficult in the current epidemiological situation.
In modern conditions of distance learning, the use of the Simplex geometric modeling system made it possible to develop and propose a new concept of geometric-graphic interaction, which significantly reduced the time for completing and checking educational tasks in real time. The proposed technology reveals the deep informational essence of the studied discipline "Descriptive Geometry" and becomes a powerful research tool for students. The integration of traditional teaching methods in the graphic preparation of students with computer and communication facilities increases the possibilities of communication and improves the quality of teaching.
Scalable Vertiport Hub Location Selection for Air Taxi Operations in a Metropolitan Region
Authors: Chen Liting , Wandelt Sebastian , Dai Weibin , Sun Xiaoqian 
Published: November 2021

On-demand air mobility services, often called air taxis, are on the way to revolutionize our urban/regional transportation sector by lifting transportation to the third dimension and thus possibly contribute to solving the congestion-induced transportation deadlock many metropolitan regions face today. Although existing research mainly focuses on the design of efficient vehicles and specifically battery technology, in the near future, a new question will arise: Where to locate the vertiports/landing pads for such air taxis? In this study, we propose a vertiport location selection problem. In contrast to existing studies, we allow the demand to be distributed over the whole metropolitan area, modeled as a grid, and exclude certain grid cells from becoming hubs, for example, because of safety/geographical constraints. The combination of these two contributions makes the problem intriguingly difficult to solve with standard solution techniques. We propose a novel variable neighborhood search heuristic, which is able to solve 12 × 12 grid instances within a few seconds of computation time and zero gaps in our experiments, whereas CPLEX needs up to 10 hours. We believe that our study contributes toward the scalable selection of vertiport locations for air taxis. Summary of Contribution: The increasing interest in opening the third dimension, that is, altitude, to transportation inside metropolitan regions raises new research challenges. Existing research mainly focuses on the design of efficient vehicles and control problems. In the near future, however, the actual operation of air taxis will lead to new set of operations research problems for so-called air taxi operations. Our contribution focuses on the optimization of vertiports for air taxi operations in a metropolitan region. We choose to model the problem over a grid-like demand structure, with a novel side constraint: selected grid cells are unavailable as hubs, for example, because of environmental, technical, cultural, or other reasons. This makes our model a special case in between the two traditional models: discrete location and continuous location. Our model is inherently difficult to solve for exact methods; for instance, solving a grid of 12 × 12 grid cells needs more than 10 hours with CPLEX, when modeled as a discrete location problem. We show that a straightforward application of existing neighborhood search heuristics is not suitable to solve this problem well. Therefore, we design an own variant of mixed variable neighborhood search, which consists of novel local search steps, tailored toward our grid structure. Our evaluation shows that by using our novel heuristic, almost all instances can be solved toward optimality.
The Price Effect of Drug Price Ceilings: Intended and Unintended Consequences
Authors: Li Jun , Wu Di (Andrew) 
Published: November 2021

Policy makers in many developing countries use maximum price or markup policies to control pharmaceutical costs, which represent 20%–60% of their overall healthcare expenditure. We study the price effect of price ceiling policies by exploiting a major policy shift in China: the elimination of longstanding ceilings on retail drug prices. We collect weekly price and characteristics data on more than 4,500 drug stock keeping units (SKUs) from a leading pharmacy chain. By comparing the rate of discontinuous price jumps across drugs with and without price ceilings during the years before and after the policy change, we find that while price ceilings are effective in containing the prices of some drugs, they can lead to higher prices for others, particularly if the ceilings are set at the national level irrespective of local economic conditions. About 5% of nationally controlled drugs (or more than 125 drugs) had inflated prices because of price ceilings, with an average price inflation of 10%. We attribute this perverse price effect to focal point pricing and asymmetric information about production costs. Further supporting this view, we find the perverse price effect most prominent in lower-income regions where the centrally set price ceilings are arbitrarily high considering their poorer economic conditions. Moreover, drugs with highly concentrated production and less elastic demand face heightened risks of inflated prices under price ceilings. Finally, based on a sample of drugs with available price ceiling data, we find that drugs with manufacturer-specific ceilings are 100% more likely to be priced at or near their ceilings and 70% more likely to experience price drops once the ceilings are removed compared with other drugs with regular ceilings. Overall, this paper documents the unintended perverse effect of price ceilings in pharmaceutical markets and sheds lights on the ongoing debate of drug price regulation. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management.
Multi-level intersectional stigma reduction intervention to increase HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Ghana: Protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nelson LaRon E. , Nyblade Laura , Torpey Kwasi , Logie Carmen H. , Qian Han-Zhu , Manu Adom , Gyamerah Emma , Boakye Francis , Appiah Patrick , Turner DeAnne , Stockton Melissa , Abubakari Gamji M. , Vlahov David 
Published: November 2021

Background
Men with have sex with men (MSM) in Africa face high levels of stigma due to elevated HIV exposure (actual or perceived), same-sex practices, and gender non-conformity. These stigmas are documented barriers to HIV prevention and treatment. Most stigma-reduction interventions have focused on single-level targets (e.g., health care facility level [HCF]) and addressed one type of stigma (e.g., HIV), without engaging the multiple intersecting stigmas that MSM encounter. Determining the feasibility and acceptability of multi-level intervention of reducing intersectional stigma and estimating its efficacy on increasing HIV testing are needed.

Methods
We proposed a mixed method study among MSM in Ghana. First, we will develop the intervention protocol using the Convergence Framework, which combines three interventions that were previously implemented separately in Ghana for reducing stigma at the HCF-level, increasing HIV testing at the peer group-level, and increasing peer social support at the individual-level. Then, we will conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial with four pairs of HCFs matched on staff size. HCFs within each pair are randomized to the HCF-level stigma-reduction intervention or control arm. MSM (n = 216) will be randomized to receive the group-level and individual-level interventions or standard of care control arm. MSM will be assigned to receive HIV testing at one of the HCFs that match their study assignment (intervention or control facility). The frequency of HIV testing between MSM in the study arms at 3 and 6 months will be compared, and the predictors of HIV testing uptake at the HCF, peer group and individual-levels will be assessed using multi-level regression models.

Discussion
These findings from this study will provide important evidence to inform a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial of a public health intervention strategy for increasing HIV case detection among key populations in sub-Saharan African communities. Accurate information on HIV prevalence can facilitate epidemic control through more precise deployment of public health measures aimed at HIV treatment and viral load suppression, which eliminates risk of transmission.

Trial registration
This study was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04108078, on September 27, 2019.
“It’s extremely hard but it’s not a burden”: A qualitative study of family caregiving for people living with dementia in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huong , Nguyen Trang , Tran Duyen , Hinton Ladson 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundVietnam is one of the fastest-aging countries in the world with a rising number of people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Families in Vietnam provide most of the care for persons living with dementia, yet our understanding of their experiences and needs is limited. This study examined the family caregiving experience in a semi-rural region outside of central Hanoi from the perspectives of family caregivers and other key informants.MaterialsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 key stakeholders (12 family caregivers and 9 healthcare providers and community leaders). A descriptive, thematic analysis was conducted.ResultsQualitative data analysis revealed four themes related to the family caregiving experience: 1) perceptions of dementia symptoms as a normal part of aging rather than a disease, 2) caregiving as a moral and expected familial obligation, 3) patterns of caregiving that are heavily influenced by both gender and sibling order, and 4) multiple challenges or hardships, including time constraints, loss of income, increased social isolation, a toll on their perceived physical health, and emotional distress. Caregivers rejected the notion that caregiving was a “burden” and expressed their distress through terms such as frustration, sadness, and exhaustion.ConclusionsIn this low-resource setting, the stress of family caregiving may be amplified by lack of community resources, cultural stigma discouraging outside help-seeking, and economic impact of care provision. The study highlights the vulnerability and predicament of Vietnamese women who often face multiple challenges in their caregiving role as well as the urgent need for the development of community-based programs and supports.
Causes of early postpartum complications that result in visits to the emergency department
Authors: Hundal Prabhpreet , Valani Rahim , Quan Cassandra , Assaie-Ardakany Shayan , Sharma Tanmay , Abou-Seido Maher , Salehi Leila , Amin Qamar , Luca Simina 
Published: November 2021

Objective
This study aimed to review the reasons why postpartum women present to the emergency department (ED) over a short term (≤10 days post-delivery) and to identify the risk factors associated with early visits to the ED.

Methods
This retrospective chart review included all women who delivered at a regional health system (William Osler Health System, WOHS) in 2018 and presented to the WOHS ED within 10 days after delivery. Baseline descriptive statistics were used to examine the patient demographics and identify the timing of the postpartum visit. Univariate tests were used to identify significant predictors for admission. A multivariate model was developed based on backward selection from these significant factors to identify admission predictors.

Results
There were 381 visits identified, and the average age of the patients was 31.22 years (SD: 4.83), with median gravidity of 2 (IQR: 1–3). Most patients delivered via spontaneous vaginal delivery (53.0%). The median time of presentation to the ED was 5.0 days, with the following most common reasons: abdominal pain (21.5%), wound-related issues (12.6%), and urinary issues (9.7%). Delivery during the weekend (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.00–3.65, P = 0.05) was predictive of admission while Group B Streptococcus positive patients were less likely to be admitted (OR 0.22, CI 0.05–0.97, P<0.05)

Conclusions
This was the first study in a busy community setting that examined ED visits over a short postpartum period. Patient education on pain management and wound care can reduce the rate of early postpartum ED visits.