bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Exercise Training, IMT and FES&nbsp;on Diastolic Function, Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhuang Chenchen , Luo Xufei , Wang Qiongying , Li Shipeng , Zhang Xiaofang , Wang Wenjuan , Sun Runmin , Huang Ke , Yu Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: We aimed to better understand the effects of two exercise training interventions [endurance training and a combination of endurance and resistance training (combined exercise)] and two physiotherapies [functional electrical stimulation (FES) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT)] on diastolic function, exercise performance and quality of life (QoL) in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients.Methods: Cochrane Library, EMBASE and MEDLINE via PubMed for randomized controlled trials were searched from their inception to May 2020. The methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database sacle. All analyses were used by STATA.Results: A total of 14 articles on 13 trials were included in this meta-analysis with 673 HFpEF patients. The pooling revealed that peak oxygen uptake was improved by endurance training [MD (95% CI): 1.89 ml.kg-1.min-1 (1.32, 2.46), P < 0.001], FES [MD (95% CI): 2.28 ml.kg-1.min-1 (0.92, 3.65), P = 0.001] and IMT [MD (95% CI): 2.72 ml.kg-1.min-1 (1.44, 3.99), P < 0.001]. Similar results were observed for 6-minute walk test and QoL. Besides, endurance training increased arterial venous oxygen difference [MD (95% CI): 1.41 (0.09, 2.74), P = 0.036]. Combined exercise was beneficial to the ratio of peak early to late diastolic mitral inflow velocities [MD (95% CI): -2.90 (-4.97, -0.83), P = 0.006] and the early diastolic mitral annual velocity [MD (95% CI): 1.40 (0.68, 2.12), P = 0.006]. IMT improved ventilation/carbon dioxide ratio slope [MD (95% CI): -3.36 ml.kg-1.min-1 (-6.17, -0.54), P = 0.019].Conclusions: FES and IMT may be therapeutic options to improve functional capacity and QoL in HFpEF patients, and the outcomes are similar to endurance training. Combined exercise tends to improve diastolic function in HFpEF patients.
A Patient with Breast Fibroadenoma Accompanied by Carcinoma: Early Detection by Monitoring.
Authors: Enomoto Katsuhisa , Hara Yukiko , Dobashi Kazuyoshi , Masuda Shinobu , Tada Keiichiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: A complex breast lesion comprising both fibroadenoma and carcinoma is very challenging to diagnose early in the disease.Case Presentation: The patient was a 76-year-old woman who was followed at our clinic for 8 years because of a 7-mm tumor, which was determined to be fibroadenoma on a core needle biopsy specimen. However, another core needle biopsy was performed because part of the margin of the tumor was obscure. A histopathological examination revealed that the second specimen contained malignant cells. The patient underwent breast-conserving surgery and a sentinel lymph node biopsy. The histopathological examination found both breast carcinoma and fibroadenoma, with some of the 2 lesions overlapping. The sentinel lymph node specimen showed micrometastases. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusions: The findings in our patient suggest that careful examination of the margin of the breast fibroadenoma was essential for early detection of the breast carcinoma.
IL-9-triggered lncRNA Gm13568 regulates Notch1 in astrocytes through interaction with CBP/P300: contribute to the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Liu Xiaomei , Zhou Feng , Wang Weixiao , Chen Guofang , Zhang Qingxiu , Lv Ruixue , Zhao Zijun , Li Xiangyang , Yu Qian , Meves Jessica M , Hua Hui , Li Xiaocui , Wang Xiaotian , Sun Hong , Gao Dianshuai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Interleukin 9 (IL-9), produced mainly by T helper 9 (Th9) cells, has been recognized as an important regulator in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Astrocytes respond to IL-9 and reactive astrocytes always associate with blood-brain barrier damage, immune cells infiltration and spinal injury in MS and EAE. Several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with aberrant expression have been identified in the pathogenesis of MS. Here, we examined the effects of lncRNA Gm13568 (a co-upregulated lncRNA both in EAE mice and in mouse primary astrocytes activated by IL-9) on the activation of astrocytes and the process of EAE.
Methods

In vitro, shRNA-recombinant lentivirus with Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter were performed to determine the relative gene expression and proinflammatory cytokines production in IL-9 treated-astrocytes using Western blot, real-time PCR and Cytometric bead array, respectively. RIP and ChIP assays were analyzed for the mechanism of lncRNA Gm13568 regulating gene expression. Immunofluorescence assays was performed to measure the protein expression in astrocytes. In vivo, H&E staining and LFB staining were applied to detect the inflammatory cells infiltrations and the medullary sheath damage in spinal cords of EAE mice infected by the recombinant lentivirus. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA or student’s t-test, as appropriate.
Results

Knockdown of the endogenous lncRNA Gm13568 remarkably inhibits the Notch1 expression, astrocytosis and the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) as well as the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IP-10) in IL-9 activated astrocytes. In which, Gm13568 associates with CBP/P300 is enriched in the promoter of Notch1 genes. More importantly, inhibiting Gm13568 with lentiviral vector in astrocytes ameliorates significantly inflammation and demyelination in EAE mice, therefore delaying the EAE process.
Conclusions

These findings uncover that Gm13568 regulates the production of inflammatory cytokines in active astrocytes and affects the pathogenesis of EAE through the Notch1/STAT3 pathway. LncRNA Gm13568 may be a promising target for treating MS and demyelinating diseases.
Calibration of the SPEARpesticides Bioindicator for Cost-effective Pesticide Monitoring in East African Streams
Authors: Ganatra Akbar A , Kandie Faith Jebiwot , Fillinger Ulrike , McOdimba Francis , Torto Baldwyn , Brack Werner , Liess Matthias , Hollert Henner , Becker Jeremias 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPesticides are washed from agricultural fields into adjacent streams where even short-term exposure causes long-term ecological damage. Detecting pesticide pollution in streams thus requires the expensive monitoring of peak concentrations during run-off events. Alternatively, exposure and ecological effects can be assessed using the SPEARpesticides bioindicator that quantifies pesticide-related changes in the macroinvertebrate community composition. SPEARpesticides has been developed in Central Europe and validated in other parts of Europe, Australia and South America; here we investigated its performance in East African streams.ResultsWith minimal adaptations of the SPEARpesticdes index, we successfully characterized pesticide pollution in 13 streams located in Western Kenya. The East African SPEARpesticides index correlated well with the overall toxicity of 30 pesticides (maximum toxic unit = maximum environmental vs. median lethal concentration) measured in stream water (R² = 0.53). Similarly, the SPEARpesticides index correlated with the risk of surface run-off from agricultural fields (as identified based on ground slope in the catchment area and the width of protective riparian strips, R² = 0.45). Unlike other bioindicators designed to indicate general water pollution, SPEARpesticides was independent of organic pollution and highly specific to pesticides. In 23% of the streams, pesticides exceeded concentrations considered environmentally safe based on European first tiered risk assessment.ConclusionsIncreasing contamination was associated with considerable changes in the macroinvertebrate community composition. We conclude that pesticides need to be better regulated also in developing countries. SPEARpesticides provides a straightforward and cost-efficient tool for the required monitoring of pesticide exposure in small to medium streams.
Pleurotus Spp. Fungi Ferment Corn Stover and Enhance Its Nutritional Value as Ruminant Feed
Authors: Wang Yuqiong , Luo Yang , Luo Lilong , Zhang Hang , liao Yangci , gou changlong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Four Pleurotus spp. fungi (P. diamor, P. eryngii, P. sajor-caju, P. citrinopileatus) were compared for their potential to improve nutritional value of corn stover as ruminant feed. Corn stover was inoculated with the fungi under solid-state conditions and their results show that P. sajor-caju and P. eryngii were better than the other two fungi for decreasing the acid detergent lignin (ADL) (8.99 vs 9.88 vs 10.16 vs 10.46). In contrast, P. eryngii had lower ability to degrade cellulose (13.38%). Corn stover treated with P. citrinopileatus had the highest crude protein (CP) content (7.65%), whereas treatment with P. sajor-caju resulted in the highest increase in essential amino acids. Although fungal pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass does not always result in high-quality feed, overall, P. eryngii and P. sajor-caju improved the nutritive value of corn stover as a ruminant feed.
Staging Laparoscopy Is Still a Valuable Tool for Optimal Gastric Cancer Management
Authors: Sakamoto Erica , Ramos Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille , Pereira Marina Alessandra , Dias Andre Roncon , Junior Ulysses Ribeiro , Zilberstein Bruno , Nahas Sergio Carlos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Complete surgical resection is the main determining factor in the survival of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients, but resection should be avoided in metastatic disease. Peritoneum is a common site of metastasis and preoperative imaging techniques still fail to detect peritoneal metastasis (PM). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Staging Laparoscopy (SL) in the staging of AGC patients in a Western tertiary cancer center. Methods: We reviewed 130 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma submitted to SL from 2009 to 2020 from a prospective database. Clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed to identify factors associated with the presence of PM. We also evaluated the accuracy and strength of agreement between computed tomography (CT) and SL in detecting PM, and the change in treatment strategy after SL. Results: Among the 130 patients, PM was identified in 66 patients (50.76%) - P1 group. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT in detecting PM were 51,5%, 87,5% and 69.2%, respectively. According to the Kappa coefficient, concordance between SL and CT was 38.8%. In multivariate analysis, ascites (p=0.001) and suspected PM on CT scan (p=0.007) were statistically correlated with the P1 group. In 40 patients (30.8%), staging and treatment plans changed after SL (32 patients avoided unnecessary laparotomy and 8 patients who were previously considered stage IVb by CT scan were referred for surgical treatment). Conclusions: Even with current advances in imaging techniques, SL demonstrated an important role in the diagnosis of PM and remains valuable for determining the correct therapeutic strategy.
Technique and Results after Immediate Orthotopic Replantation of Extracorporeally Irradiated Tumor Bone Autografts with and without Fibular Augmentation in Extremity Tumors
Authors: Klein Alexander , Bakhshai Yasmin , Roeder Falk , Birkenmaier Christof , Baur-Melnyk Andrea , Dürr Hans Roland 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: the reconstruction of the bone defects after the resection of bone tumors remains a considerable challenge and one of the possibilities is the orthotopic replantation of the irradiated bone autograft. One technical option with this technique is the addition of an autologous fibular graft, with or without microvascular anastomosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical results of the treatment of our patient cohort with a specific view to the role of fibular augmentation. Methods and patients: we were able to include 21 patients with 22 reconstructions. In all cases, the bone tumor was resected with wide margins and irradiated with 300 Gy. The autograft was orthotopically replanted and stabilized by means of osteosynthesis implants. 15 patients underwent an additional fibular augmentation, 8 of which received microvascular anastomoses or, alternatively, a local pedicled fibular interposition. Results: the most common diagnosis was a Ewing-sarcoma (8 cases) and the most common location was the femur (12 cases). The mean follow-up time was 70 months. During follow-up, 59% of patients underwent an average of 2.54 revision surgeries, with the most common reason being pseudarthrosis (6 cases). Complete bony integration of the irradiated autografts was achieved in 81.8% of cases after 13.6 months on average. In case of successful reintegration the autograft was shorter (n.s.). Fibular augmentation with or without microvascular anastomosis/pedicled blood supply did not correlate with the pseudarthrosis rate.Conclusions: the replantation of extracorporeally irradiated bone autografts is an established method for the reconstruction of bone defects after tumor resection. Our rate of complications is comparable to those of other studies and with other methods of bone reconstruction (e.g. prosthesis). In our opinion, this method is especially well suited for younger patients with extraarticular bone tumors maintainable joints. However, these patients should be ready to accept longer treatment periods.
Transarticular Invasion of Primary Bone Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions Near the Sacroiliac Joint: an MRI Study in 128 Patients
Authors: ding lei , Wei Dan , Xu Danyang , Wang Zhuo , Yin Junqiang , Gao Zhenhua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background： To investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestation of transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions near the sacroiliac joint and to compare the transarticular invasion incidences and types of primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions in different locations, of different pathological types, or of different pathological grades. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 128 patients . The diagnosis of the patients was confirmed by surgical findings and pathological examination. The primary tumor was in the ilium(87 patients) and sacrum(41 patients). Eighty men and 48 women with an average age of 32.5 years . Based on pathology grading systems, the tumors were divided into a high-grade malignant group (Group 1), low-grade malignant group (Group 2) and benign tumors/neoplasia group (Group 3). Transarticular invasion included 3 types: invasion across the ligament portion (Type 1), across articular cartilage (Type 2) and across periarticular tissue (Type 3). Results: Transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions near the sacroiliac joint were diagnosed in 33 patients (25.8%). Transarticular invasion incidences were not significantly different between primary iliac and sacral tumors ,group 2 and group 3( P > 0.05). However, the transarticular invasion incidences were significantly different between group 2 or 3 and group 1 (P < 0.01). 33 patients with transarticular invasion, the invasion types included 31 type 1, 15 type 2 and 5 type 3 invasions. A significant difference was observed between different invasion types (P < 0.01). Conclusions: MRI is a highly sensitive method to diagnose transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions near the sacroiliac joint. The transarticular invasion incidence is not significantly different between primary iliac and sacral lesions. Tumor invasion across the sacroiliac joint can be present in both primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions but predominantly with high-grade malignant conventional osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma. Transarticular invasion across the articular ligament portion is more common. No significant difference is evident between the 3 types of invasion in the groups with different pathological grades, suggesting that the transarticular invasion types are not related to benignity or malignancy or to the malignant degree of a tumor.
One Shot Model For COVID-19 Classification and Lesions Segmentation In Chest CT Scans Using LSTM With Attention Mechanism
Authors: Ter-Sarkisov Aram 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present a model that fuses instance segmentation, Long Short-Term Memory Network and Attention mechanism to predict COVID-19 and segment chest CT scans. The model works by extracting a sequence of Regions of Interest that contain class-relevant information, and applies two Long Short-Term Memory networks with attention to this sequence to extract class-relevant features. The model is trained in one shot: both segmentation and classification branches, using two different sets of data. We achieve a 95.74% COVID-19 sensitivity, 98.13% Common Pneumonia sensitivity, 99.27% Control sensitivity and 98.15% class-adjusted F1 score on the main dataset of 21191 chest CT scan slices, and also run a number of ablation studies in which we achieve 97.73% COVID-19 sensitivity and 98.41% F1 score. All source code and models are available on https://github.com/AlexTS1980/COVID-LSTM-Attention.
Ultrastructure of the gills ciliary epithelium of Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857), the invasive golden mussel
Authors: Freitas Erico Tadeu Fraga , Moreira Amanda Maria Siqueira , de Paula Rayan Silva , Andrade Gabriela Rabelo , de Carvalho Marcela David , Assis Paulo Santos , Cardoso Antônio Valadão , Jorge Erika Cristina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Limnoperna fortunei is a bivalve mollusk originally from southern Asia that invaded South America in the 1990's. Its high efficiency in pumping and filtering water and the capacity to promote strong adhesion to different substrates allowed the adaptation of this invasive species, associated with several environmental and economic damages. A deep understanding of the biology and ecology aspects of L. fortunei is necessary to outline effective strategies to manage its invasion. Mollusk gills are important structures responsible for several biological functions including breathing and feeding. In this work, we characterized the ultrastructure of L. fortunei gills and its ciliary epithelium using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. This is the first report of the L. fortunei gills ciliary epithelial cells visualized with high resolution and detailed morphology. Results The analysis showed a highly organized and large amount of ciliary structures (frontal cilia, laterofrontal cilia, and lateral cilia) on the entire length of the branchial epithelium. Mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and glycogen granules were abundantly found in the epithelial cells of the gills, suggesting that all this energetic apparatus could be related to the morpho-functional structure of the cilia. Vesicles possibly containing mucus could also be observed in these cells, suggesting that they might be related to L. fortunei mechanism of selection and/or rejection of captured particles suspended in water. Conclusions Our data suggest the mechanism used by this mollusk for particles capture and selection, which could contribute to a better understanding of important aspects of invasion and decide on more efficient and economic strategies of population control.
Effect of Conventional Chemotherapies on Natural Killer Cell Activity
Authors: Kirhan Idris , Taskiran Huseyin , Gönel Ataman 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The effects of chemotherapeutics agents are considered to influence the
immune system and cells due to their myelosuppressive and immunosuppressive functions. Natural
killer cells are one of the important components of the innate immune system and have a critical
role against tumor cells and infections.

Objective:
The study was aimed to demonstrate whether conventional chemotherapies had an effect
on Natural Killer (NK) cell activity.

Methods:
Forty-nine adjuvant and 19 first-time metastatic chemotherapy-naïve cancer patients
were recruited into the study. Blood samples at pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy, at 1st
and 4th cycles, were obtained for NK cell activity.

Results:
We found no difference between baseline and post-chemotherapy NK cell activity levels.
In addition, we found no difference between pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy NK cell activity
in both adjuvant and metastatic cancer patients separately.

Conclusion:
Conventional chemotherapy seems to have no effect on NK cell activity levels in cancer
patients in both metastatic and adjuvant settings.
Association of Use of the Oral Contraceptive Pill (OCP) with the Expression
Pattern of Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
Authors: Khode Vitthal , Patil Sumangala , Shetty Praveenkumar , Dinesh Udupi Shashtri , Ruikar Komal , Bargale Anil , Patil Satish G. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype associated
with high mortality and inadequate therapeutic options when compared to non-TNBC. Clinical
data indirectly suggests where Oral Contraceptive Pill (OCP) usage is high, the prevalence of
Estrogen Receptor+ (ER+) breast cancer is high, and the prevalence of TNBC is low. This has lead
to our hypothesis that OCP use may increase the risk of ER+ breast cancer, and OCP use may reduce
the risk of TNBC. We aimed to compare the prevalence and association of subtypes of breast
cancer in OCP users with that of non-users among women 30 to 60 years of age.

Methods:
This hospital-based observational study of three-year duration included 155 subjects of
primary invasive breast cancer who got admitted to our institution. The data was obtained for ER,
PR, HER2 status, clinical classification, and data in relation to demographic factors, reproductive
history, and history of OCP use. 155 subjects were divided into two groups. Group-1 included 48
patients with a history of OCP use, and group-2 included 107 patients who have not used OCP. Data
was analysed using SPSS-20.

Results:
A significant increase in the prevalence of molecular subtypes ER+, Progesterone Receptor+
(PR+) and Luminal B breast cancer in OCP users was observed compared to non-users. There
was a significant decrease in the age at the time of admission in ER+ cancer in OCP users (45.3
years) compared to non-users (52.2years). While age at the time of admission of Basal (TNBC) cancer
patients in OCP users (53.1 years) was higher when compared to non-users (45.4years). Upon
logistic regression, the likelihood of ER+, PR+ and Luminal B in OCP users was 11%,10% and
13% less, respectively, with 1 year of higher age and the likelihood of TNBC in OCP users was
18% more and 8% less in non-users.

Conclusion:
OCP use may be associated with increased prevalence of ER+, PR+ and Luminal B
breast cancer. On the contrary, OCP use may be associated with a delay in the progression of the
TNBC.