bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase 2a, single‐arm, open‐label study of tafasitamab, a humanized, Fc‐modified, anti‐CD19 antibody, in patients with relapsed/refractory B‐precursor cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Klisovic Rebecca B. , Leung Wing H. , Brugger Wolfram , Dirnberger‐Hertweck Maren , Winderlich Mark , Ambarkhane Sumeet V. , Jabbour Elias J. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundB‐precursor cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) in adults is an aggressive and challenging condition, and patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT), or noncandidates for SCT, have a particularly poor prognosis. The authors investigated the activity of the Fc‐modified anti‐CD19 antibody tafasitamab in adults with R/R B‐ALL (NCT01685021).MethodsAdults with R/R B‐ALL received single‐agent tafasitamab 12 mg/kg weekly for up to four 28‐day cycles. Patients with complete remission (with or without neutrophil/platelet recovery; complete remission [CR] or complete remission with incomplete count recovery [CRi]) after cycles 2, 3, or 4 could continue tafasitamab every 2 weeks for up to 3 further months. The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR).ResultsTwenty‐two patients were treated (median, 2 prior lines of therapy; range, 1‐8). Six patients completed 2 cycles, and 2 of these patients responded for an ORR of 9%; 16 patients (73%) progressed before their first response assessment. Responses lasted 8 and 4 weeks in the 2 patients with CR and minimal residual disease (MRD)–negative CRi, respectively. Tafasitamab produced rapid B‐cell/blast depletion in 21 of 22 patients within 1 to 2 weeks of first administration. Tafasitamab was well tolerated, with the most frequent adverse events being infusion‐related reactions (59.1%) and fatigue (40.9%). Grade 3 to 4 febrile neutropenia (22.7%) was the most common hematologic adverse event.ConclusionsTafasitamab monotherapy was associated with clinical activity in a subset of patients with R/R B‐ALL, including short‐lasting CR and MRD‐negative CRi. Given its favorable tolerability profile, further development of tafasitamab in chemoimmunotherapy combinations and MRD settings should be explored.
Association of statin use with clinical outcomes in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Nowakowska Malgorzata K. , Lei Xiudong , Thompson Mikayla T. , Shaitelman Simona F. , Wehner Mackenzie R. , Woodward Wendy A. , Giordano Sharon H. , Nead Kevin T. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPrevious studies have examined the association of statin therapy and breast cancer outcomes with mixed results. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of incident statin use among individuals with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsData from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare and Texas Cancer Registry‐Medicare databases were used, and women aged ≥66 years who had stage I, II, and III breast cancer were identified. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of new statin use in the 12 months after a breast cancer diagnosis with overall survival (OS) and breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS).ResultsWhen examining incident statin use, defined as the initiation of statin therapy in the 12 months after breast cancer diagnosis, a significant association was observed between statin use and improved BCSS (standardized hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20‐0.88; P = .022) and OS (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.50‐0.99; P = .046) among patients with TNBC (n = 1534). No association was observed with BCSS (standardized hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.71‐1.39; P = .97) or OS (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.92‐1.17; P = .55) among those without TNBC (n = 15,979). The results were consistent when examining statin exposure as a time‐varying variable.ConclusionsAmong women with I, II, and III TNBC, initiation of statin therapy in the 12 months after breast cancer diagnosis was associated with an OS and BCSS benefit. Statins may have a role in select patients with breast cancer, and further investigation is warranted.
Apixaban Single‐Dose Pharmacokinetics, Bioavailability, Renal Clearance, and Pharmacodynamics Following Intravenous and Oral Administration
Authors: Frost Charles , Garonzik Samira , Shenker Andrew , Barrett Yu Chen , LaCreta Frank 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, ascending single intravenous (IV) bolus‐dose study evaluated safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of apixaban, a direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor approved for multiple indications. Eight healthy subjects were randomized 3:1 (apixaban:placebo) within each IV dose cohort (0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, and 5 mg). The 2.5‐mg IV panel also received 5 mg of oral apixaban or placebo. Blood samples were collected for PK and PD, including international normalized ratio, modified prothrombin time (mPT), and anti‐FXa activity. Apixaban had 66.2% oral bioavailability, dose‐proportional exposure, 17 to 26 L steady‐state volume of distribution, and 3.2 to 3.5 L/h total plasma clearance. Renal clearance was ≈27%. Anti‐FXa activity and mPT changes followed the apixaban plasma concentration–time profile; both were highly correlated with concentration (R2 = 0.99 and R2 = 0.93 for anti‐FXa activity and mPT, respectively). International normalized ratio remained within reference range (0.9‐1.3). There were no serious or bleeding‐related adverse events. Overall, an apixaban single IV bolus was safe and well tolerated over a 10‐fold dose range by these subjects. Apixaban had good oral bioavailability, dose‐proportional exposure, and constant plasma clearance over a broad dose range, with modest renal clearance. Apixaban PD were consistent with reversible FXa inhibition.
The relationship between obsessions and the self: Feared and actual self‐descriptions in a clinical obsessive–compulsive disorder sample
Authors: Llorens‐Aguilar Sara , Arnáez Sandra , Aardema Frederick , García‐Soriano Gemma 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCognitive models of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) posit the relevance of the self in OCD, although the nature of this association is still unclear. We aimed to explore actual and feared selves and its association with obsessions and intrusions in a group of OCD patients. A group of 58 patients with OCD identified their most upsetting obsession and intrusion (non‐clinical obsession) experienced in the past 3 months. These cognitions were classified as either moral‐based or autogenous (obsessions n = 32; intrusions n = 26) or non‐moral‐based or reactive, depending on their content. Next, patients described their actual self and their feared self, that is, the person they feared being or becoming, and whether they believed these descriptions were associated with their obsessions/intrusions. Results indicate that individuals with OCD described themselves as insecure, anxious and fearful, but also as good and nice. They particularly feared a selfish, aggressive, bad, liar, coward, insecure and arrogant self. Two‐thirds of the patients believed that their obsessions said something about their actual self (65.52%) and that their obsessions brought them closer to the person they do not want to be (62.06%). A third of patients believed their intrusions said something about their actual self (actual self: 30.35%; feared self: 25%), which was a significantly lower percentage than for obsessions. These associations existed independent from the content of the obsession and/or intrusion, although patients with obsessions with moral‐based contents more often tended to believe that their obsessions brought them closer to the person they do not want to be. Results suggest the relevance of the real and feared selves in the maintenance of obsessions.
Enhanced efficiency nitrogen formulations for bermudagrass–white clover pastures
Authors: Payne Kathryn M. , Smith S. Ray , Goff Ben M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNitrogen fertilizer use is generally restricted in bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]–white clover (Trifolium repens L.) forage systems because it stimulates grass growth and increases competition with the clover, compromising forage nutritive value and prospective forage accumulation. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer nitrogen (N) products hold potential to improve white clover persistence in bermudagrass–clover pastures while providing supplemental N required by the grass. This study evaluated the effect of different enhanced efficiency N formulations (Environmentally Smart Nitrogen [ESN]; methylene urea; SuperU; and 75% ESN, 25% urea blend) and untreated urea on forage accumulation, nutritive value, and legume persistence in a ‘Wrangler’ bermudagrass and ‘Durana’ white clover mixture. Nitrogen was applied at four rates (0, 112, 224, and 448 kg N ha−1) in two equal applications each year. By the second year, white clover stands were lesser at the greatest N rates. All enhanced efficiency N sources maintained white clover similar to the unfertilized grass–clover control, but only ESN improved white clover persistence over urea. Total season forage accumulation increased linearly with increasing N rates within all three growing seasons, but dry weather conditions in the last 2 yr resulted in less forage accumulation. Nutritive value decreased with maturity throughout the growing season, but ESN maintained clover in the pasture resulted in overall less fiber components and greater digestibility. Although there was no effect of N source on forage accumulation, the ability of ESN to maintain clover could make it a viable option for fertilization in bermudagrass–white clover mixtures.
Cytologic analysis of vitreous fluids: A retrospective review of our 24 years of experience
Authors: Collins Gabriel L. , Hubbard Elizabeth W. , Clark Christopher T. , Duncan Lisa D. , Nodit Laurentia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCytologic analysis of vitreous fluid is an important component in diagnosis of vitreitis. No standard reporting guidelines exist for these specimens. This study chronicles our 24 years experience and proposes a tentative diagnostic model.MethodsRetrospective cytology reports review and database study. Clinical indications, cytologic patterns, ancillary studies performed, and diagnoses were recorded.Results176 samples from 160 patients were included and main cytologic patterns are reflected in Table 1. Most fluids were negative for malignancy (88%) and patterns IIB (53%) and IIA (19%) were dominant. The non‐diagnostic rate was 7%; atypical and suspicious categories represented <0.5% of fluids tested and only 2% were positive for malignancy (3 intraocular lymphoma and one melanoma). Clinical indications for fluid examination were infection/inflammation (59%), to rule out lymphoma (11%), amyloidosis (3%), melanoma (2%), or to investigate intraocular hemorrhage. Fungal elements were demonstrated in 7 cases. No viral inclusions were appreciated; however, one case was positive for HSV 2 by IHC and 2 were negative by PCR. One case had Gram + cocci. Flow cytometry studies were suboptimal in 6 fluids, negative for an aberrant lymphocyte population in 11, and positive for high grade lymphoma in 3 cases. Atypical, suspicious and positive for melanoma were reported in 3 samples. Amyloid was identified in 1 aspirate.ConclusionsCytologic analysis of vitreous fluid is a useful tool. Modern techniques like flow cytometry and PCR testing further expand the diagnostic possibilities. Standardization of diagnostic terminology will aid clinicians caring for patients suffering from ocular disease.
Human–wildlife conflict in the roof of the world: Understanding multidimensional perspectives through a systematic review
Authors: Sharma Prashanti , Chettri Nakul , Wangchuk Kesang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHuman–wildlife conflicts have intensified by many folds and at different levels in recent years. The same is true in the case of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), the roof of the world, and a region known for its wealth in biodiversity. We present a systematic literature review (SLR) using the search, appraisal, synthesis, and analysis (SALSA) framework; and for spatial and network analysis, we employed the VOSviewer software. The review—covering 240 peer—articles within a span of 27 years (from 1982 to 2019)—revealed that in the last decade, there was a 57% increase in publications but with a disproportionate geographical and thematic focus. About 82% of the research concentrated on protected areas and large carnivores and mega herbivores played a big role in such conflicts. About 53% of the studies were based on questionnaires, and the main driver reported was habitat disturbance of animals due to land‐cover change, urbanization, and increase in human population. On the management front, the studies reported the use of traditional protection techniques like guarding and fencing. Our analysis of 681 keywords revealed a prominent focus on ‘human‐wildlife conflict,’ ‘Nepal,’ ‘Bhutan,’ ‘Snow Leopard,’ and ‘Leopard’ indicating the issue linked with these species and countries. The involvement of 640 authors from 36 countries indicates increasing interest, and Nepal and India are playing key roles in the region. As for the spatial analysis that was conducted, while it showed regional variations, there were conspicuous limitations in terms of having a transboundary focus. Thus, particular attention ought to be paid to building transboundary partnerships and improving management interventions; there is also a pressing need to understand the patterns of human–wildlife convergence, especially involving meso‐mammals.
High Quality of a Perchlorate‐Based Hybrid Perovskite‐Type Cage‐Like Single Crystal – Evidence of Temperature‐Induced Distinct Dielectric Transition
Authors: Huang Yi‐Fang , Xiang Lin , Feng Yan , An Zhen , Miao Le‐Ping , Li Jian‐Rong , Ye Heng‐Yun , Shi Chao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract(HTz)[Ba(ClO4)3] (HTz=thiazolium cation, 1), a perchlorate‐based hybrid perovskite‐type single crystal undergoes sequential structural phase transitions at 143/154 K and 210/218 K. The perovskite‐type cage structure is composed of Ba2+ nodes and ClO4− linkers to form anionic cage Ba8(ClO4)12 in which the HTz resides. It is notable that the anionic framework incorporating HTz is a perovskite‐type structure with the (412 ⋅ 63) framework. Various‐temperature single‐crystal structure analyses reveal the stepwise changed dynamics of HTz, and the distortion of the anionic cage Ba8(ClO4)12 are the origin of the phase transitions. We tend to attribute the switchable dielectric constant behavior mainly to order‐disorder transition of the HTzs and the rearrangement of the Ba8(ClO4)12 framework. Furthermore, dielectric switching is recorded. Our findings may prompt investigations of new perchlorate‐based organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites.
Dual Signals Electrochemical Biosensor for Point‐of‐Care Testing of Amino Acids Enantiomers
Authors: Ning Guyang , Wang Haiyang , Fu Mingxuan , Liu Jiaxian , Sun Yuena , Lu Haijun , Fan Xinyu , Zhang Yufan , Wang Huan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on both potential and current dual signals was constructed via polypyrrole‐coated chiral carbon nanotubes (L/D‐CNT@PPy) loaded with Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) hybrid. Using L/D‐CNT and β‐CD as chiral selectors, PPy and Pt NPs enhanced the conductivity and the sensors showed excellent performance for chiral recognition of tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp). The linear ranges of the D‐CNT@PPy@Pt NPs@β‐CD sensor were 3–30 μM (Tyr) and 19.6–196 μM (Trp), respectively, the detection limits were 0.107 nM (Tyr) and 0.133 nM (Trp), respectively, and the recoveries for L‐Tyr were 96.56 %–106.32 %. This electrochemical sensor based on a dual‐signal strategy of potential and current was expected to be used in the field of point of care testing (POCT).
Electrochemical Sensing in Contact Lenses
Authors: Liu Huixin , Yan Xiaomei , Gu Zhen , Xiu Guangli , Xiao Xinxin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectrochemical sensors embedded in hydrogel‐based contact lenses provide valuable health‐related information, enabling non‐invasive and real‐time continuous monitoring. Recently, considerable progress has been made in tear based electrochemical sensors. The scope of reported analytes is continuously expanding. This review identifies key chemical biomarkers (including metabolites, ions, proteins) that can be electrochemically detected in tears. The working principles of i) amperometric enzymatic biosensors, ii) ion‐selective sensors for pH and ions, iii) voltammetric sensors and iv) affinity sensors are summarized. This review provides guidelines for the future development of contact lens based electrochemical sensors.
A microfluidic viscometer: Translation of oscillatory motion of a water microdroplet in oil under electric field
Authors: Dixit Anvesh , Parashar Chintak Kamalesh , Dutta Satarupa , Mahanta Jiwajyoti , Kakati Nayanjyoti , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe electric field induced motion of a charged water droplet suspended in a low‐dielectric oil medium is exploited to evaluate the rheological properties of the suspending medium. The time‐periodic electrophoretic motion of the droplet between the electrodes decorated in a polymeric micro‐well is translated into a proof‐of‐concept microfluidic prototype, which can measure viscosities of the unknown fluid samples. The variations in the instantaneous velocities of the migrating droplet have been measured inside silicone oil of known physical properties at different electric field intensities. Subsequently, a balance between the electric field to the viscous force has been employed to evaluate the experimental charge density on the droplet surface. Thereafter, a comprehensive scaling law has been devised to find a correlation between the charge on the droplet to the dielectric permittivity of the surrounding medium, size of the water droplet, and the applied electric field intensity. Following this, the scaling law and force balance have been employed together to evaluate the unknown viscosity of an array of suspending mediums by simply analyzing the electrophoretic motion of water droplet. The model proposed is also found to be consistent when a solid amberlite microparticle has been employed as a probe instead of the water droplet. In such a scenario, minor changes in the exponents of the scaling law are found to be necessary to reproduce the results obtained using the water droplet. The method paves the way for the making of an economical and portable microfluidic rheometer with further finetuning and translational developments.
Early Sasanian landscape modification: New geoarchaeological evidence from the Ardashir Pond in southwest Iran (Palace of Ardashir, third century CE)
Authors: Djamali Morteza , Rashidian Elnaz , Askari‐Chaverdi Alireza , Aubert Cyril , Brisset Elodie , Demory François , Faucherre Nicolas , Gandouin Emmanuel , Lahijani Hamid , Marriner Nick , Naderi‐Beni Abdolmajid , Parnell Andrew 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Sasanian period (224–651 CE) marked an era of large‐scale urban projects in southwest Asia, including Iran's semi‐arid highlands, with particular efforts to manipulate water bodies. This study presents a recent interdisciplinary investigation of a spring‐fed pond at the entrance of the Palace of Ardashir (Firuzabad plain, southwest Iran), part of a recently registered World Heritage site. Historical accounts suggest that the entire water system of the plain, including the pond, underwent a hydraulic re‐organization at the beginning of the Sasanian period, a fact that has never been investigated geoarchaeologically. A series of sediment cores were retrieved from the pond to probe its evolution and examine the extent of its landscape modification. The cores were sedimentologically described and radiocarbon‐dated with age–depth models established based on 57 AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) 14C dates to understand the basin's depositional history. The results indicate that (i) Ardashir Pond has existed as part of a larger wetland complex since at least 4500 years ago, (ii) it was substantially enlarged at the beginning of the Sasanian era, and (iii) it was abandoned at the end of the Sasanian period. The Ardashir Pond is one of the first geoarchaeologically investigated case studies to demonstrate the Sasanian landscape in the framework of the “Iranshahr” sociopolitical concept.
Geochronology and geochemistry of granites from the Hengjian area, Qinling Orogenic Belt: Implications for the Late Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the North Qinling Terrane, China
Authors: Han Xu , Li Longming , Lin Shoufa , Ren Shenglian , Liang Tao , Feng Lamei , Ge Yanpeng , Lu Kejia , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2021

The North Qinling Orogen underwent subduction and collision processes during the Palaeozoic, but the tectonic framework remains unclear. To investigate the tectonic evolution of the North Qinling Orogen, we selected the Devonian granites from the northeastern margin of the North Qinling Terrane. Integrated petrographic, geochemical, and geochronological studies, as well as Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic analyses, were carried out on the newly identified Devonian granites from the Hengjian area in the northeastern North Qinling Terrane, Qinling Orogenic Belt. Zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb dating reveals that these granites were crystallized at 396–387 Ma. The granite samples are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK = Al2O3/(CaO+Na2O+K2O) = 0.86 to 1.12), with high SiO2 (60.6–76.5 wt%) and high total alkaline (Na2O + K2O = 8.45–11.0 wt%) contents. The granites are enriched in Th, rare‐earth element, Zr, and Hf and depleted in Sr, Nb, Ta, P, Eu, and Ti. They are characterized by high Zr + Nb + Ce + Y contents (511–990 ppm) and 10,000*Ga/Al ratios (2.71–3.32), as well as high zircon‐saturation temperatures (TZr = 819–885°C, average = 845°C), which indicate that they are typical A‐type granites. The granites have low Y/Nb (0.39–0.67) and Yb/Ta (0.56–0.83) ratios, resembling those of the A1‐type granite, which indicates that they are formed in anorogenic settings. They also have low (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios (0.7055–0.7071) and negative εNd(t) values (−10.1 to −8.40) and variable zircon εHf(t) values (−8.46 to +14.7), with the two‐stage model ages of 2.0–1.8 Ga and 1.9–0.4 Ga, respectively. These geological features suggest that the granites of the Hengjian area were most likely generated by partial melting of mafic lower crust induced by asthenospheric ascent. The A‐type granites were generated in a continental rift environment during 396–387 Ma, corresponding to the closure of the Shangdan Ocean and the opening of the Palaeo‐Tethyan Ocean during the Early Devonian.