bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Oblique Internal and External Muscles Gap Colostomy for Lower Incidence of Parastomal Hernia and Higher Quality of Life: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Yongjian , Chen Hengkai , Zheng Qiajun , Lin Xiaohan , Zhu Guangwei , Wang Jinzhou , Huang Changli , Ye Jianxin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundParastomal hernia and fecal incontinence cause severe distress to the rectal cancer patients with stoma after abdominoperineal resection. We attempted a new colostomy technique through the gap between the abdominal oblique internal and external muscles to prevent parastomal hernia and improve quality of life.MethodsThis cohort study retrospectively examined clinical data from a total of 114 consecutive rectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection in our center from March 2016 to March 2018 after propensity score matching. Group A included 57 patients who underwent colostomy through the gap between the abdominal oblique internal and oblique external muscles, while group B included 57 patients who underwent extraperitoneal colostomy. Patients’ quality of life was evaluated using Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL) Scale.ResultsGroup A had a lower incidence of parastomal hernia (0% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.004) and higher quality of life, especially in lifestyle, coping/behavior and embarrassment domains (all p values < 0.05) than group B both during the follow‐up period. The incidence of other outcomes did not differ between the groups.ConclusionsColostomy through the gap between the abdominal oblique internal and oblique external muscle is a new technique showing both safety and effectiveness for preventing parastomal hernia and improving quality of life after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection.
Difference in the joint space of the medial knee compartment between full extension and Rosenberg weight-bearing radiographs
Authors: Miura Yugo , Ozeki Nobutake , Katano Hisako , Aoki Hayato , Okanouchi Noriya , Tomita Makoto , Masumoto Jun , Koga Hideyuki , Sekiya Ichiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesRadiographs are the most widespread imaging tool for diagnosing osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Our purpose was to determine which of the two factors, medial meniscus extrusion (MME) or cartilage thickness, had a greater effect on the difference in the minimum joint space width (mJSW) at the medial compartment between the extension anteroposterior view (extension view) and the 45° flexion posteroanterior view (Rosenberg view).MethodsThe subjects were 546 participants (more than 50 females and 50 males in their 30 s, 40 s, 50 s, 60 s, and 70 s) in the Kanagawa Knee Study. The mJSW at the medial compartment was measured from both the extension and the Rosenberg views, and the “mJSW difference” was defined as the mJSW in the Rosenberg view subtracted from the mJSW in the extension view. The cartilage region was automatically extracted from MRI data and constructed in three dimensions. The medial region of the femorotibial joint cartilage was divided into 18 subregions, and the cartilage thickness in each subregion was determined. The MME was also measured from MRI data.ResultsThe mJSW difference and cartilage thickness were significantly correlated at 4 subregions, with 0.248 as the highest absolute value of the correlation coefficient. The mJSW difference and MME were also significantly correlated, with a significantly higher correlation coefficient (0.547) than for the mJSW difference and cartilage thickness.ConclusionsThe MME had a greater effect than cartilage thickness on the difference between the mJSW at the medial compartment in the extension view and in the Rosenberg view.Key Points• The difference in the width at the medial compartment of the knee between the extension and the flexion radiographic views was more affected by medial meniscus extrusion than by cartilage thickness.
Genome-Wide Bisulphite Sequencing Uncovered the Contribution of DNA Methylation to Rice Short-Term Drought Memory Formation
Authors: Kou Shuyan , Gu Qiongyao , Duan Liu , Liu Gaojing , Yuan Pingrong , Li Huahui , Wu Zhigang , Liu Weihua , Huang Ping , Liu Li 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRice is the important crop for more than half of the world population. However, drought can have a devastating impact on rice growth and reduce yield drastically. Understanding the response of rice to drought stress is especially important for crop breeding. Previously we found that rice enhanced its tolerance to drought stresses via stress memory mechanisms. Numerous memory genes were identified to play important roles in the process. DNA methylation was reported to mediate tolerance via regulating gene expression and enhances the survival rate of rice encountering drought stress. However, how DNA methylation involved in stress memory is still not clear. In this study, genome-wide bisulphite sequencing at a single base resolution methylome profiling level was performed and analyzed in rice cultivar under recurrent drought stresses and recovery treatments. We found that rice drought stress memory-related differentially methylated regions (DMRs) showed dynamic and distinct patterns. The drought-memory DMRs may regulate Transposable elements and gene expression to cope with short-term repeated drought stresses. Our findings of drought-memory DMRs can explain mechanisms of rice drought stress memory in a new perspective on global methylome details. Using epigenetic markers to breed drought-resistant rice would become a feasible way in the future research.
Variation in reproductive investment increases body temperature amplitude in a temperate passerine
Authors: Nilsson Jan-Åke , Nord Andreas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany birds and mammals show substantial circadian variation in body temperature, which has been attributed to fluctuations in ambient temperature and energy reserves. However, to fully understand the variation in body temperature over the course of the day, we also need to consider effects of variation in work rate. We made use of a dataset on body temperature during the resting and active periods in female marsh tits (Poecile palustris) that bred in a temperate area and were subjected to experimental changes in reproductive investment through brood size manipulations. Furthermore, the amplitude increased with daytime, but were unaffected by nighttime, ambient temperature. Amplitudes in females with manipulated broods were 44% above predictions based on inter-specific allometric relationships. In extreme cases, amplitudes were > 100% above predicted values. However, no individual female realised the maximum potential amplitude (8.5 °C, i.e. the difference between the highest and lowest body temperature within the population) but seemed to prioritise either a reduction in body temperature at night or an increase in body temperature in the day. This suggests that body temperature amplitude might be constrained by costs that preclude extensive use of both low nighttime and high daytime body temperatures within the same individual. Amplitudes in the range found here (0.5–6.7 °C) have previously mostly been reported from sub-tropical and/or arid habitats. We show that comparable values can also be found amongst birds in relatively cool, temperate regions, partly due to a pronounced increase in body temperature during periods with high work rate.
Sinnverneinung. Warum der assistierte Suizid uns alle angeht
Authors: Kipke Roland 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel beantwortet die Frage nach der ethischen Bewertung des assistierten Suizids auf neue Weise: indem er die Verneinung von Lebenssinn, wie sie sich in Suiziden oft ausspricht, in den Mittelpunkt rückt. Anders als üblich fasst er die Sinnfrage nicht als bloß individualethische, sondern als sozialethische Angelegenheit auf. Denn der nahezu unvermeidbaren Orientierung am Ziel eines sinnvollen Lebens ist eine grundlegende soziale Verbindung eingeschrieben: eine implizite Wertschätzung von Menschen als potenziellen Sinnquellen und als Subjekten von Urteilen über Lebenssinn. Suizide neigen dazu, diese Verbindung zu negieren. Dieses Verständnis des Suizids kann eine Reihe von evaluativen und normativen Annahmen aufklären und begründen, die in der Debatte um den assistierten Suizid eine prominente Rolle spielen.
The International Phenological Garden network (1959 to 2021): its 131 gardens, cloned study species, data archiving, and future
Authors: Renner Susanne S. , Chmielewski Frank-M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCollaborative networks that involve the compilation of observations from diverse sources can provide important data, but are difficult to maintain over long periods. The International Phenological Garden (IPG) network, begun in 1959 and still functioning 60 years later, has been no exception. Here we document its history, its monitored 23 species (initially all propagated by cloning), and the locations and years of data contribution of its 131 gardens, of which 63 from 19 countries contributed data in 2021. The decision to use clones, rather than multiple, locally adapted individuals, was based on the idea that this would “control” for genetic effects, and it affects the applicability of the data and duration of the network. We also describe the overlap among the IPG network, the Pan-European Phenology network (PEP725), and the phenological data offered by the German Weather Service. Sustainable data storage and accessibility, as well as the continued monitoring of all 23 species/clones, are under discussion at the moment, as is the fate of other phenological networks, despite a politically mandatory plant-based climate-change monitoring.
Investigation of the optimal method of oxygen administration with simultaneous use of a surgical mask: a randomized control study
Authors: Matsui Yusuke , Takazawa Tomonori , Takemae Akihito , Murooka Yukie , Kanamoto Masafumi , Saito Shigeru 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
From the perspective of infection prevention during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a recommendation was made to use surgical masks after extubation in patients in the operating room. For compliance with this recommendation, anesthesiologists need to administer oxygen to the patient with an oxygen mask over the surgical mask. However, no studies have investigated whether this method allows good maintenance of oxygenation in patients. This study aimed to investigate which method of oxygen administration lends itself best to use with a surgical mask in terms of oxygenation.

Method
We administered oxygen to the study subjects using all the following three methods in random order: an oxygen mask over or under a surgical mask and a nasal cannula under the surgical mask. Oxygenation was assessed using the oxygen reserve index (ORi) and end-tidal oxygen concentration (EtO2).

Result
This study included 24 healthy volunteers. ORi values with administration of oxygen were higher in the order of a nasal cannula under the surgical mask, an oxygen mask under the surgical mask, and an oxygen mask over the surgical mask, with median values of 0.50, 0.48, and 0.43, respectively, and statistically significant differences between all groups (P < 0.001). EtO2 values were in the same order as ORi, with median values of 33.0%, 31.0%, and 25%, respectively, and statistically significant differences between all groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Wearing a surgical mask over the nasal cannula during oxygen administration is beneficial for oxygenation and might help prevent aerosol dispersal.
The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition, collagen synthesis, and recovery from joint injury and exercise: a systematic review
Authors: Khatri Mishti , Naughton Robert J. , Clifford Tom , Harper Liam D. , Corr Liam 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCollagen peptide supplementation (COL), in conjunction with exercise, may be beneficial for the management of degenerative bone and joint disorders. This is likely due to stimulatory effects of COL and exercise on the extracellular matrix of connective tissues, improving structure and load-bearing capabilities. This systematic review aims to evaluate the current literature available on the combined impact of COL and exercise. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, a literature search of three electronic databases—PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL—was conducted in June 2020. Fifteen randomised controlled trials were selected after screening 856 articles. The study populations included 12 studies in recreational athletes, 2 studies in elderly participants and 1 in untrained pre-menopausal women. Study outcomes were categorised into four topics: (i) joint pain and recovery from joint injuries, (ii) body composition, (iii) muscle soreness and recovery from exercise, and (iv) muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and collagen synthesis. The results indicated that COL is most beneficial in improving joint functionality and reducing joint pain. Certain improvements in body composition, strength and muscle recovery were present. Collagen synthesis rates were elevated with 15 g/day COL but did not have a significant impact on MPS when compared to isonitrogenous higher quality protein sources. Exact mechanisms for these adaptations are unclear, with future research using larger sample sizes, elite athletes, female participants and more precise outcome measures such as muscle biopsies and magnetic imagery.
The role of surgical flap design (minimally invasive flap vs. extended flap with papilla preservation) on the healing of intrabony defects treated with an enamel matrix derivative: a 12-month two-center randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Windisch Peter , Iorio-Siciliano Vincenzo , Palkovics Daniel , Ramaglia Luca , Blasi Andrea , Sculean Anton 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Minimally invasive flap designs have been introduced to enhance blood clot stability and support wound healing. Limited data appear to suggest, that in intrabony defects, better clinical outcomes can be achieved by means of minimally invasive flap compared to more extended flaps. The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing of intrabony defects treated with either minimally invasive surgical flaps or with modified or simplified papilla preservation techniques in conjunction with the application of an enamel matrix derivative (EMD).

Materials and methods
Forty-seven subjects were randomly assigned to either test (N = 23) or control (N = 24) procedures. In the test group, the intrabony defects were accessed by means of either minimally invasive surgical technique (MIST) or modified minimally invasive surgical technique (M-MIST) according to the defect localization while the defects in the control group were treated with either the modified or simplified papilla preservation (MPP) or the simplified papilla preservation technique (SPP). EMD was used as regenerative material in all defects. The following clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and after 12 months: full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), probing depths (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (GR). Early healing index (EHI) score was assessed in both groups 1 week following the surgery. CAL gain was set as primary outcome.

Results
After 12 months follow-up, the CAL gain was 4.09 ± 1.68 mm in test group and 3.79 ± 1.67 mm in control group, while the PD reduction was 4.52 ± 1.34 mm and 4.04 ± 1.62 mm for test and control sites. In both groups, a minimal GR increase (0.35 ± 1.11 mm and 0.25 ± 1.03 mm) was noted. No residual PDs ≥ 6 mm were recorded in both groups. CAL gains of 4–5 mm were achieved in 30.4% and in 29.2% of test and control group, respectively. Moreover, CAL gains ≥ 6 mm were recorded in 21.7% of experimental sites and in 20.8% of control sites. No statistically significant differences in any of the evaluated parameters were found between the test and control procedures (P > 0.05). After 1 week post-surgery, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the groups was found in terms of EHI score.

Conclusions
Within the limits of this pilot RCT, the results have failed to show any differences in the measured parameters following treatment of intrabony defects with EMD, irrespective of the employed surgical technique.

Clinical relevance
In intrabony defects, the application of EMD in conjunction with either MIST/M-MIST or M-PPT/SPPT resulted in substantial clinical improvements.
Early failures when using three different adhesively retained core build-up materials—a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zenthöfer Andreas , Bermejo Justo Lorenzo , Bömicke Wolfgang , Frese Cornelia , Gülmez Rumeysa , Rammelsberg Peter , Ohlmann Brigitte 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the failure rates for three different adhesively retained core build-up composites up to the incorporation of a permanent fixed dental prosthesis (FDP), and to identify potential failure risk factors.

Material and methods
A randomized controlled trial of 300 participants in need of a core build-up to restore a vital abutment tooth before prosthetic treatment was conducted. Participants were assigned by stratified block randomization to one of three study groups: Rebilda DC (RDC), Clearfil DC Core (CDC), or Multicore Flow (MF). Test teeth were prepared by use of the respective manufacturer’s adhesive system. The total-etch technique was used for RDC and MF, and the self-etch technique for CDC. Participants were treated by dentists (n = 150) or dental students (n = 150). Failure rates of core build-ups before incorporation of FDPs were investigated using univariate and multiple logistic regression.

Results
The overall failure rate was 8% (n = 23). Rate differences between the three investigated groups did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). The mean time between placement of core build-ups and placement of fixed dental prostheses was 12.2 (SD: 14.2) weeks. Conversely, larger cavities (> 3 surfaces) and treatment by dental students were independently associated with an increased failure risk (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The main risk factors for early failure seem to be the size of the core build-up and clinical experience of the operator, whereas failure rates of core build-up materials combined with a self-etch approach seem to be similar to the rates of materials combined with the total-etch technique.

Clinical significance
This research article should give clinicians an impression of the short-term performance of different adhesively retained core build-ups using different adhesive techniques/materials. Moreover, predominant influencing factors for the success or failure should be pictured.
Media and communication studies in Sweden
Authors: Springer Nina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMedia and communication studies is a comparatively young academic discipline in Sweden. The subject’s establishment began with the 1960s—a time when the expansion of mass media led to a bigger demand for analysis, education and critical reflection. Along with that, political and commercial interests in more knowledge led to commissioned research, another considerable factor in the subject’s development and institutionalization. The field was brought forth by humanistic and social-scientific strands, and some actors conveniently travel between these two since the demarcation lines are less pronounced in the North. Currently, roughly around 250 scholars are active in the field, with about 200 of them organized in DGPuK’s Nordic sister organization FSMK. Media and communication research in Sweden is also greatly oriented towards the broader Nordic context, institutionalized for instance through the Nordic Information Centre for Media and Communication Research (Nordicom). For scholars, the labour market is comparatively open, not only for other Nordic academics but also for entries from countries outside Scandinavia. For students, the field provides a rich smorgasbord of general and highly specialized programmes or stand-alone courses of variable length offered in both Swedish and English. This article aims to inform about the history and the contemporary conditions of Swedish media and communication studies, with a personal note based on own experiences.
Stratigraphy and Faunal Assemblages of the Upper Cretaceous Sediments of Meghalaya Shelf: Palaeoenvironmental Implications
Authors: Dalabehera Linashree , Iangrai Bashisha , Mukherjee Debahuti 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Upper Cretaceous – Early Palaeogene sediments of Meghalaya, mostly restricted along the southern part are represented by the Mahadek and Langpar formations and host marine invertebrate fossils. The Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K/Pg) mass extinction boundary is recorded within the Langpar Formation based on foraminiferal zonation. The present study is restricted to the Upper Cretaceous sediments, where the mega-invertebrate fossils were studied and attempt was made to study the lithological variation together with faunal assemblages in order to review the stratigraphy. Two marker horizons were identified from the Late Maastrichtian sediments that have characteristic lithology and fauna and are helpful in regional correlation. The Mahadek Formation, a medium to coarse grained calcareous sandstone unit with two characteristic echinoid genera Gongrochanus sp. and Stygmatopygus sp. and the bivalve Agerostrea sp. represent one marker horizon. The study indicates that it is the transition zone in the upper shelf environment. The other marker horizon within the lower part of the Langpar Formation, consist of carbonaceous shale and calcareous subarkose intercalation host heteromorph ammonites Eubaculite sp., Glyptoxoceras sp. etc. and prolific gastropods along with burrows. This indicates a comparatively deeper shelf environment. The presence of pyrite frambroids of size less than 5μm from the marker horizon of the Langpar Formation indicate suboxic to anoxic conditions and their presence give substantial evidence for the toxicity in the environment due to anoxic condition and thus the role of anoxia during the K/Pg mass extinction is strengthened by the record. Several sections were studied and the abundant echinoids (Gongrochanus sp. and Stygmatopygus sp.) were observed in Mawsynram (Phlang Mawsyrpat and Phud Japung area), whereas prolific Agerostrea sp. in Noh Kalikai, Sohkha and Muktapur–Amlarem sections and heteromorph ammonites along with gastropods in Sohra and Pynursla sections. The shell bed successions of echinoids and bivalves provide evidence of local episodic storm events in the upper shelf. The lithology and faunal assemblage together with the tectonic set up of the basin led to conclude that the reason for the difference in faunal diversity was probably due to the difference in the palaeo-depth of the basin.