bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Patient Acceptable Symptom State and Disease Scores in Psoriasis
Authors: Wang Qiaolin , Lu Wenhua , Luo Yan , Tan Minjia , Zhu Wu , Kuang Yehong , Shen Minxue 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) is a patient-reported outcome that reflects patient’s perspective well. The relationship between the PASS and disease scores in psoriasis has not been described. This study of 198 patients with psoriasis, assessed PASS using a binary question on patient’s feeling on their symptom. The disease scores including Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Body Surface Area (BSA) affected by lesions and other patient characteristics were collected. Logistic regression was used to investigate the associations. 71.4% patients with mild psoriasis based on PASI and 76.3% based on BSA considered their symptom state acceptable. Female (adjusted OR=0.47; 95% CI: 0.42–0.92) and patients with exposed skin (head, neck, and hands) involved (adjusted OR=0.38; 95% CI: 0.19–0.76) were less likely to report acceptable symptom state. Receiver-Operating Characteristics curve showed that both PASI and BSA have limited capability in differentiating acceptable symptom state in psoriasis, which further indicated the unique value of PASS in the management of psoriasis.
Trend in Delayed Childbearing and Its Potential Consequences on Pregnancy Outcomes: a Single Centre 9-years Retrospective Cohort Study in Hubei, China
Authors: Nawsherwan  , Sun Yanmei , Bai Qian , Mubarik Sumaira , Nabi Ghulam , Khan Suliman , Wang Suqing , Fan Cuifang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Current biological approaches for management of crucifer pests.
Authors: Rajashekar Yallappa , Mayanglambam Saini , Singh Kabrambam 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cabbage is considered as one of the most commonly found vegetables and it has been cultivated in large areas throughout the year. As it is mostly grown in large areas, higher rate of pest infestation likely to occur, which hinder its total production and consumption. However, continuous use of synthetic pesticides in agricultural pest management often leads to various negative impacts such as development of resistance by the pest, adverse effect on non target organisms and hazardous effect on environmemt. These drawbacks led to an alternative approaches for control of crucifer pests that are cost effective, biodegradable, low toxic effect on non-target organisms and eco-friendly. This review brings together all the information of different biological practices for management of crucifer pests and list of botanical insecticides and entomopathogenic microbes that are being reported. This will help in establishing the knowledge of limited studies on pest management using different biological control methods to more challenging research and conveys the importance of pest management system for taking research forward.
The Efficiency of Elemental Geochemistry and Weathering Indices as Tracers in Aeolian Sediment Provenance Fingerprinting
Authors: Nosrati Kazem , Moradian Hanieh , Dolatkordestani Mojtaba , Collins Adrian L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Eight geochemical elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Na, Mg, Si, Ti) and 17 associated weathering indices were measured in 34 aeolian source samples and 10 sand dune target sediment samples in three absolute particulate size fractions. For each fraction, three final composite fingerprints (i.e., geochemical elements only, weathering indices only and a combination of the two) for discerning and ascribing the aeolian sediment sources were selected. The Modified MixSIR Bayesian un-mixing model was used to apportion aeolian source contributions using the final composite fingerprints. Regardless of the composite fingerprint used, all results across the different size fractions suggested that the south-eastern alluvial fan is the dominant (average contribution 50.6%, SD 19.0%) source of the sand dune samples, with the western alluvial fan being the second most important (average contribution 38.4%, SD 20.4%) source. Comparisons of the posterior distributions for the predicted source proportions generated using the nine composite fingerprints (three kinds of composite fingerprints*three particle size fractions) showed that the composite fingerprints combining the geochemical elements and weathering indices generated the most powerful source material discrimination. Our results demonstrate the use of weathering indices alongside more conventional elemental geochemistry tracers for investigations into sand dune sediment provenance.
REAPing the Benefits: Development and Use of a Structured Evaluation Tool to Codify Learning Resources for Global Health Professionals
Authors: Schleiff Meike Jill , Hahn Elizabeth , Dolive Caroline , James Lillian , Mishra Anant , Hansoti Bhakti 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The learning opportunities for global health professionals have expanded rapidly in recent years. The diverse array of learners and wide range in course quality underscore the need for an improved course vetting process to better match learners with appropriate learning opportunities. Methods: We developed a structured tool to assess overall course quality by determining performance across four defined domains Relevance, Engagement, Access, and Pedagogy (REAP). We applied this tool across a learning catalogue developed for participants enrolled in the Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) project, a global health leadership training program. Results: The STAR learning activities database included a total of 382 courses, workshops, and web-based resources which fulfilled 531 competencies across three levels: core, content, and skill. Relevance: The majority of activities were at an understanding or practicing level across all competency domains (486/531, 91.5%). Engagement: Many activities lacked any peer engagement (202/531, 38.0%) and had limited to no faculty engagement (260/531, 49.0%). Access: The plurality of courses across competencies were offered on demand (227/531, 42.7%) and were highly flexible in pace (240/531, 45.2%). Pedagogy: Of the activities that included an assessment, most matched activity learning objectives (217/531, 40.9%). Discussion: Through applying REAP to the STAR project learning catalogue, we found many online activities lacked meaningful engagement with faculty and peers. Further development of structured online activities providing learners with flexibility in access, a range of levels of advancement for content, and opportunities to engage and apply learning are needed for the field of global health.
Ortner’s syndrome secondary to thoracic aortic aneurysm: a case series
Authors: Zhang Zhiwen , Feng Hai , Chen Xueming , Li Wenrui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Ortner syndrome refers to vocal cord paralysis resulting from compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve by abnormal mediastinal vascular structures. This retrospective case series details our experience with Ortner’s syndrome due to thoracic aortic aneurysm. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of a case series. A total of 4 patients (mean age, 65.5 years) with Ortner’s syndrome due to thoracic aortic aneurysm who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair from July 2014 to May 2020. The patients’ demographics, comorbidities, initial symptoms, time from hoarseness to treatment, aneurysm shape and size, surgical procedures and outcome were summarized. Results: A total of 4 patients with Ortner’s syndrome due to thoracic aortic aneurysm were analyzed. All of them underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair with no complication during hospitalization period. At a mean follow-up of 26.8 (8-77) months, 3 patients’ hoarseness had completely resolved or improved, one patient’s symptoms had not progressed. Conclusions: Hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy can be the presenting symptom of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Early diagnosis leads to timely treatment of these patient which may be helpful to functional recovery of the symptoms.
The Study of Stress Conditions on Growth and Proteome of Raoultella Planticola: A New Emerging Pathogen
Authors: Hajian Zeynab , Ghasemi Mohammad Faezi , Alikhani Fatemeh(Elham) 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
All bacteria can survive and adapt to different stresses such as fluctuations in temperature, pH oxidative, and osmotic pressure occurring in their surrounding environments. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a variety of stress conditions on the growth, and proteome of Raoultella planticola PTCC 1598. R. planticola cells were exposed to different values of temperatures, sodium chloride, pH, and hydrogen peroxide stresses. Amongst the stress conditions, oxidative stress upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 4000 ppm concentration was selected for proteomics analysis in detail. Approximately 1400 spots were identified in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Among the identified spots, 85 spots were repeatable using 2D-Platinum software and eye confirmation and, nine protein spots were differentially expressed. Among nine proteins, six proteins identified successfully with a MASCOT score greater than 40 (p<0.05) were 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoate-2, 3-dehydrogenase (oxidoreductase family), D-galactose-binding periplasmic protein, uridine phosphorylase (glycosyltransferases), uridine phosphorylase, a single peptide match to cysteine-binding periplasmic protein, and NADP(H) nitroreductase. All identified proteins showed decreased level expression. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that hydrogen peroxide as an antiseptic compound could affect cell growth and proteomics of R.planticola. So, we recommend using an antiseptic solution containing H2O2 to prevent the spread of R.planticola as a new emerging pathogen.
Dual-sensitized modification engineering with enhanced photocatalytic degradation for organic dye
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Zhang Jiejing , Fu Wuyou 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to use solar irradiation efficiently, we should fabricate a high reactive photocatalyst under the visible light. It has been clearly revealed that if the titanium dioxide (TiO2) is irradiated with light, as a stable catalyst, excited electron–hole pairs of it could apply in degrading organic pollutants, but the wavelength of optical absorption is narrower than 380 nanometers. In this work, we designed and fabricated a unique TiO2 base heterojunction photocatalyst dual-sensitized by cadmium sulfide (CdS) and lead sulfide (PbS) with wide-spectrum (300-800 nm) response. Moreover, the degradation efficiency of nanocomposites reached 99.9% under visible light, which was 5 times over pure TiO2. This ternary Z-scheme structure materials will be well-promising photocatalysts.
Structural, optical and electronic characteristics of non-stoichiometric nano cadmium sulfide
Authors: Heiba Zein K. , Mohamed Mohamed Bakr , Farag Noura M. , Badawi Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Samples of non-stoichiometric nano CdS1 − x were synthesized by a simple thermolysis method by lowering the ratio of thiourea relative to cadmium acetate as starting precursors; Cd(Ac):(1-x) thiourea (x = 0.0, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1). X’pert HighScore Plus program manifested biphasic CdS (cubic and hexagonal) and the Rietveld analysis was utilized to match the structural and microstructure parameters of the formed samples. The possibility of formed CdS1 − xOx alloy due to the sulfur deficiency is also examined using the Rietveld method. A High-resolution transmission electron microscope imaging exhibited nano size particles with homogeneous morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was utilized to confirm the existence of O2 in CdS1 − x matrix. The bandgap energies for CdS1 − x are reduced below the values of energy gaps of CdS and CdO upon increasing the parameter (x) forming a band gap “bowing”. The photoluminescence (PL) emitted visible colors depending on the amount of sulfur deficiency and excitation wavelength used. The maximum PL intensity observed in CdS0.9 sample, confirmed the presents of oxygen inside the matrix. The influence of oxygen substitution or vacancies of sulfur on the electronic structure and optical features of CdS was also investigated applying density function calculations.
Use of Teach-Back Methodology to Promote Self-management and Treatment Adherence in Children With Chronic Illness: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol
Authors: McCrossan Patrick , Ferris Kathryn , Shields Michael , O'Donoghue Dara 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction Chronic disease in childhood is becoming more prevalent worldwide. Self-management skills can only be taught with effective communication between the health care worker and the patient or primary care provider. ‘Teach-back’ is one proposed method for providing this education which has yielded success in adult populations but is not yet fully employed in the paediatric setting. Aims To determine whether the ‘teach-back’ technique is effective and feasible at all levels of care (primary, secondary and tertiary) to improve the self-management skills and knowledge required for a young person, or their parent/guardian, to control their chronic illness. Methods We have developed a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analyses in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol (PRISMA-P) statement and have registered it with Prospero [CRD42021229025].
Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome in Chinese Patients:&nbsp;A Literature Review of 120 Families
Authors: Zhang Guofeng , Chen Xianmeng , Xu Kaifeng , Hu Xiaowen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo clarify the epidemiological and clinical features of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) in Chinese patients. MethodsWe identified reports on Chinese patients with BHDS by searching the China Academic Journals Database, Wanfang Chinese Database, and PubMed databases, either in Chinese or English languages published from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2020. Studies without sufficient clinical data were excluded and cases under 18 years old were excluded. ResultsTwenty papers were included and comprised 120 families with 221 cases. Most families with BHDS were reported from institutions in Beijing (66.7%) and Jiangsu Province (15.8%); 80.8% of cases were reported within the past five years. The average duration from clinical presentation to diagnosis was 9.6 years. The average age was 47.0±13.9 years (range, 18-84 years) and the ratio of male to female was 1:1.6. The most common manifestations of BHDS were multiple pulmonary cysts (92.4%), spontaneous pneumothorax (71.0%), skin lesions (18.1%) and renal tumors (3.6%). Pulmonary cysts were predominantly distributed in the lower lobe on chest CT imaging. Family history of spontaneous pneumothorax was identified in 84.7% of the families and average number of pneumothoraxes was 1.8 (range, 1-6). The FLCN gene mutation c.1285dupC/delC in exon 11 was the most frequent mutation observed (17.4% of patients). The recurrence rate of pneumothorax after conservative treatment (including tube thoracostomy) was 29/41 (71%) while the pneumothorax recurred after surgical treatment (pulmonary bullectomy or pleurodesis) in only 4/37 (11%).ConclusionsAlthough BHDS has been increasingly reported in the recent years, only minority of families were reported from institutions outside of Beijing and Jiangsu Province. The dominant clinical manifestations were pulmonary cysts associated with recurrent pneumothorax, while skin lesions and renal tumors were less commonly reported. Delayed diagnosis along with suboptimal management appear to represent critical challenges for Chinese patients with BHDS.
Investigating the Need for Calibration to Track Eye Movements: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Ameen Mohamed Abul Hassan , Aldridge Chad M. , Zhuang Yan , Yin Xuwang , McMurry Timothy , Rohde Gustavo K. , Southerland Andrew M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Automated eye tracking technology could enhance diagnosis and treatment for many neurological diseases, including posterior circulation stroke. Much of the current literature focuses on gaze estimation through a form of calibration. Unlike other fields, medicine has a clear need to better track eye symmetry during movement for better detection of abnormal conjugacy, ductions, and vestibulo-ocular function in a variety of neurological diseases. However, patients with neuro-ocular deficits may have a difficult time completing a calibration procedure due to inattention and other associated neurologic deficits. Here, we investigate the need for calibration to measure the symmetry of eye movements in healthy individuals including testing fixations, smooth pursuits, and saccades. The results of this feasibility study suggest that calibration may not be necessary to measure and track binocular eye movements in tandem. The structure or shape which the eyes draw during visual tracking remain intact even without a calibration procedure. The preliminary study suggests that this technology can be deployed without a calibration procedure within this clinical context. Further research is needed to validate these findings in populations with neuro-ophthalmologic disease, including posterior circulation stroke.
Using Machine Learning Method for classification Body Mass Index for clinical decision
Authors: Amani Firouz , Mohammadnia Alireza , Amani Paniz 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Body mass index (BMI) is a good method for measure the overweight and obesity among people. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning method to classification of BMI for clinical application.Methods: In this study we used the dataset of 1316 people who selected randomly from all area of Ardabil city. Dataset included demographic and anthropometric data. Classification algorithms such as Random forest (RF), Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB), Decision Tree (DT), Support-Vector Machines (SVM), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), K-nearest neighbors (KNN) and Logistic Regression (LR) were used for classification of people based on BMI data. The performance of algorithms were evaluated with Precision, Recall, Mean Squared Errors (MSE) and Accuracy. All programing done in python.3.7 in Jupyter Notebook. Results: According to BMI, 603(45.8%) of all samples were normal and 713 (54.2%) were at-risk. The precision of RF, GNB, DT, SVM, MLP, KNN and LR for people at risk was 0.93, 0.86, 0.99, 0.82, 100, 0.82 and 0.99 respectively. Also, the accuracy of RF, GNB, DT, SVM, MLP, KNN and LR were 95%, 83%, 100%, 82%, 100%, 82% and 100 %. Conclusion: In compare classification algorithms results showed that, the LR , MLP and DT had the higher full accuracy than other algorithms in detection of people at-risk.
Linking the Wrangellia Flood Basalts to the Galápagos Hotspot
Authors: Shellnutt J. Gregory , Dostal Jaroslav , Lee Tung-Yi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Triassic volcanic rocks of Wrangellia erupted at an equatorial to tropical latitude that was within 3000 km of western North America. The mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks are compositionally and isotopically similar to those of oceanic plateaux that were generated from a Pacific mantle plume-type source. The thermal conditions, estimated from the primitive rocks, indicate that it was a high temperature regime (T P > 1550°C) consistent with elevated temperatures expected for a mantle plume. The only active hotspot currently located near the equator of the eastern Pacific Ocean that was active during the Mesozoic and produced ultramafic volcanic rocks is the Galápagos hotspot. The calculated mantle potential temperatures, trace elemental ratios, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of the Wrangellia volcanic rocks are within the range of those from the Caribbean Plateau and Galápagos Islands, and collectively have similar internal variability as the Hawaii-Emperor island chain. The paleogeographic constraints, thermal estimates, and geochemistry suggests that it is possible that the Galápagos hotspot generated the volcanic rocks of Wrangellia and the Caribbean plateau or, more broadly, that the eastern Pacific (Panthalassa) Ocean was a unique region where anomalously high thermal conditions either periodically or continually existed from ~230 Ma to the present day.
The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality for Rehabilitation of Parkinson Disease: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Lu Yaqin , Ge Yonggui , Chen Wanqiang , Xing Wenting , Wei Lushan , Zhang Caixia , Yang Yusheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: An increasing number of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) of clinical trials have begun to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this overview of was to systematically summarize the current best evidence for the effectiveness of VR therapy for the rehabilitation of people with PD.Methods: We searched SRs/MAs based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for relevant literature in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases from inception to December 5, 2020. The methodological quality of included SRs/MAs was evaluated with the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), and the evidence quality of outcome measures with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: A total of nine SRs/MAs were included. The evaluation with AMSTAR-2 showed that all included SRs/MAs but one were rated as low or critically low quality studies. The GRADE criteria revealed 19 studies with very-low-quality evidences, 20 with low-quality evidences, 8 with moderate-quality evidences, and 1 with high-quality evidence. Effectiveness evaluation showed that VR therapy had greater improvement of stride length compared with control groups. However, there were inconsistent results (better or similar effects) regarding to gait speed, gait ability, balance, global motor function, activities of daily living, quality of life, postural control, cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.Conclusions: VR therapy appears to be a promising and effective treatment for PD, but there is still a lack of high-quality evidence. In the future, rigorous-designed, high-quality RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed to further verify the effectiveness of VR therapy in the treatment of PD.