bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reabilitação protética de dente posterior com coroa metaloceramica e retentor intrarradicular: relato de caso
Authors: Souza Gerbson Rodrigues de , Cruz Jose Henrique de Araújo , Santos Yanna Carla Mendes , Nunes Itamar da Silva , Carneiro Joyce Reis , Freitas Evelinne Costa , Ribeiro Rodrigo Alves , Rodrigues Rodrigo Araújo 
Published: July 2021

A Odontologia busca soluções para a reabilitação de elementos tratados endodonticamente que normalmente se apresentam frágeis, devido a sua perca de estrutura pela cárie, e através do procedimento endodôntico, o que torna este remanescente mais frágil. Havendo assim em alguns casos a necessidade de se utilizar pinos intrarradiculares, e nesse caso os pinos pré-fabricados ganham espaço pelo seu uso fácil e rápido, baixo custo e não necessidade de confecção em laboratório, possibilitando o reforço a estrutura dental e promovendo uma ideal reabilitação. A paciente apresentava um elemento dental com tratamento endodôntico que após fratura da restauração coronária se apresentava sem estrutura, relatando insegurança e insatisfação com a estética dentária e funcionalidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o procedimento reabilitador em prótese dentária de uma coroa metalocerâmica sobre retentor, pino de fibra de vidro, em um elemento de número 14, destacando os materiais utilizados e a técnica de confecção, desde a desobturação do canal de escolha para inserção do pino, confecção do núcleo em resina composta até a instalação da coroa metalocerâmica. No caso clinico descrito o uso do pino de fibra de vidro se apresenta como um material de maior resistência e uma retenção ideal no interior do canal, através da sua excelente fixação com cimentos resinosos. A utilização de retentores intrarradiculares se torna essencial no tratamento reabilitador em elementos cujo seu remanescente está comprometido pela perca de estrutura dental.
The Islamic counseling construction in da’wah science structure
Authors: Riyadi Agus , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan 
Published: July 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to describe the Islamic counseling construction in the da’wah science structure.Method - This study used a qualitative descriptive analysis especially library research. The researchers examined the amount of literature relevant to the problem in this study.Result - The results showed that guidance and counseling are disciplines occupies a specific area of the human relationship in terms of the relationship that needs and helps each other. Relationship patterns like this, in reality, are built by a person or group of people based on different motives and values. One of them is the foundation of religious spirit in the form of awareness of the sacred mission as the basis for one’s activities in establishing relationships with other people. On this basis, the guidance and counseling activities are very appropriate when it is integrated with Islamic da’wah activities so that it becomes clear that the construction of Islamic guidance and counseling is in the structure of da’wah science.Implications – This study can be used to improve the skills performance of the Islamic counseling construction in the da’wah science structure.Originality - This research is the first study that used literature deeply about Al-Nadzariyah Al-Syumuliyah Al-Qur’aniyah in da’wah science.***Tujuan - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan konstruksi konseling Islam dalam struktur ilmu dakwah.Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif khususnya penelitian kepustakaan. Peneliti mengkaji sejumlah literatur yang relevan dengan masalah dalam penelitian ini.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan dan konseling menempati wilayah tertentu dari hubungan manusia dalam hal hubungan yang saling membutuhkan dan membantu. Pola hubungan seperti ini pada kenyataannya dibangun oleh seseorang atau sekelompok orang berdasarkan motif dan nilai yang berbeda. Salah satunya adalah landasan spirit keagamaan berupa kesadaran akan misi suci sebagai landasan aktivitas seseorang dalam menjalin hubungan dengan orang lain. Atas dasar itulah maka kegiatan bimbingan dan konseling sangat tepat bila dipadukan dengan kegiatan dakwah Islam sehingga menjadi jelas bahwa konstruksi bimbingan dan konseling Islam berada dalam struktur ilmu dakwah.Implikasi - Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja keterampilan konstruksi konseling Islam dalam struktur ilmu dakwah.Originalitas - Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang menggunakan literatur secara mendalam tentang Al-Nadzariyah Al-Syumuliyah Al-Qur’aniyah dalam ilmu dakwah.
The effort of counseling guidance teacher in developing student learning motivation
Authors: Fahrurrazi Fahrurrazi , Damayanti Riska 
Published: July 2021

Purpose - This study aims to find out the efforts of guidance and counseling Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Madania teachers in developing students' learning motivation. Method - This study uses a qualitative approach descriptive. The subjects of this study amounted to 6 people, namely 1 guidance and counseling teacher (BK), and 5 students of MA Madania. The data-collection technique in this study uses observations and interviews.Result - The results showed that the students who had done guidance and counseling realized that learning was important and had undergone changes. The changes were like before, they did not want to learn, when they were asked to study they avoided it, they also did not want to do assignments, and slept when the teacher was explaining and so on. When given counseling guidance, there are changes in which they start to have an effort in learning such as: willing to do assignments, study independently and study in groups with friends.Implications – The results of this study are expected to be input in improving several things that need to be done by counseling guidance teachers in schools.Originality - Motivational improvement framework with the efforts of BK MA Madania teachers in developing student learning motivation.***Tujuan - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya guru bimbingan dan konseling Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Madania dalam mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa.Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian ini berjumlah 6 orang yaitu 1 orang guru bimbingan dan konseling (BK), dan 5 orang siswa MA Madania. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan wawancara.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang telah melakukan bimbingan dan konseling menyadari bahwa belajar itu penting dan telah mengalami perubahan. Perubahannya seperti dulu, mereka tidak mau belajar, ketika diminta untuk belajar mereka menghindarinya, mereka juga tidak mau mengerjakan tugas, dan tidur ketika guru sedang menjelaskan dan sebagainya. Ketika diberikan bimbingan konseling, terjadi perubahan dimana mereka mulai memiliki usaha dalam belajar seperti: mau mengerjakan tugas, belajar mandiri dan belajar berkelompok dengan teman.Implikasi - Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi input dalam meningkatkan beberapa hal yang perlu dilakukan oleh guru bimbingan konseling di sekolah.Originalitas - Kerangka peningkatan motivasi dengan upaya guru BK MA Madania dalam mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa.
Chemical speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in biochars derived from sewage sludge and anaerobically digested sludge
Authors: Zhao Jiaqi , Qiu Chunsheng , Fan Xiaodan , Zheng Jinxin , Liu Nannan , Wang Chenchen , Wang Dong , Wang Shaopo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dewatered sewage sludge (DSS) and anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) were pyrolyzed at 550 °C to investigate the characteristics of derived biochar and evaluate the risk of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb). The results showed that the pH value of the biochar derived from DSS (DSS-C) was slightly lower than that of the biochar derived from ADS (ADS-C), while DSS-C presented relatively higher specific surface area and total pore volume. DSS-C also showed higher H/C and lower O/C ratios than ADS-C, indicating a higher aromatic condensation and a lower polarity. Total concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in DSS and ADS increased significantly after pyrolysis owing to the thermal decomposition of organic matter in the sludge, with corresponding rise of the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) of the biochars compared with the raw sludge. In addition, the sequential extraction procedure (BCR) analysis revealed that the pyrolysis process promoted the transformation of heavy metals from bio-available fractions to stable fractions. The potential environmental risk of heavy metals decreased from moderate and extremely high levels in the DSS and ADS to low risk and moderate levels in DSS-C and ADS-C after pyrolysis, respectively.
Soborowe źródła prawa małżeńskiego w Kodeksie prawa kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Saj Marek 
Published: July 2021

Documents of the Second Vatican Council became essential root of the Canon Code Law of 1983. There is a number of references to conciliar constitutions, decrees and declarations in each Canon Book. This is true also in regard to the marital law included in Ćanons 1055-1165. Amongst sources which were inspirations for the aforementioned marital law there were the following constitutions: Sacrosanctum Concilium, Lumen gentium, and Gaudium et spes; and decrees: Orientalium...., Unitatis..., Christus...and Apostolicum and also Gravissimum. Lawmaker makes 34 references to these documents. The conducted analysis allows to show to what extend norms of the marital law remain under the influence of the Second Vatican Council.
Poważny brak rozeznania oceniającego (kan. 1095, n. 2 KPK) w wyroku Roty Rzymskiej c. Caberletti z 20 listopada 2018 roku
Authors: Góralski Wojciech 
Published: July 2021

The sentence of the Roman Rota, c. Caberletti, concerns the marriage of a 34-year-old man, which was concluded in a certain haste. Therefore, from the very beginning the parties lived side by side, and after less than two years they broke up. The immediate reason for the claimant's departure was the defendant's infertility. The case for nullity was initiated by a man pointing to two grounds of nullity: a mistake as to the attribute of a woman intended directly and principally (can. 1097 § 2 CIC) and the exclusion of the indissolubility of marriage by the woman (can. 1101 § 2 CIC). After the handing down (in 2006) of a negative verdict on both headings, the man resigned from the appeal. However, wishing to regulate his civil status, after eight years (in 2014) he applied for the nullity of his marriage to another Tribunal – this time due to a grave defect of discretion of judgment the essential matrimonial tights and duties mutually to be handed over and accepted (can. 1095, n. 2 CIC). Two years later, nullity of the marriage had not been ruled, and the man appealed against it to the Roman Rota, where a positive decision was made.
The opinion of an expert in a rotating instance played a significant role in the positive outcome of the case.
Toolbox for α-Amination Reactions
Authors: Poeira Diogo L. , Marques Maria Manuel B. , Negrão Ana Cláudia R. , Macara João 
Published: July 2021

:
In the past few years, the number of protocols for α-amination of carbonyl compounds
has dramatically increased, highlighting the importance of this moiety. While some
classical approaches continue to be used, supported by novel catalysts, new methods with
unique advantages have also emerged. Among these, a wide variety of conditions can be observed,
such as the use of umpoled enolates with nucleophilic nitrogen sources, the generation
of electrophilic nitrogen sources, and oxidative methods, generally through the generation of
radical species. This review aims to compile the most recent publications for the α-amination
of carbonyls on the basis of synthetic utility, novel transformations, and enantioselectivity.
Bis-triazole-containing Compounds with Anticancer Potential: A Short Review
Authors: Gao Meixiang , Diao Qiang , Gao Feng , Sun Xiangyang , Xiao Jiaqi 
Published: July 2021

:
The development of novel anticancer agents with high efficiency is of great importance
due to the severe anticancer scenario of the currently used drugs. Dimerization is a useful method
to develop new drug candidates with a broad biological spectrum, enhanced activity and potency to
overcome drug resistance. A wide variety of bis-triazole-containing compounds have been developed
with improved properties compared with their parent compounds. These derivatives could inhibit
tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, revealing their potential as putative anticancer
candidates. This review covers the recent advances of bis-triazole-containing compounds as anticancer
candidates, and the structure-activity relationship are also discussed to set up the direction
for the design and development of bis-triazole-containing compounds with higher efficiency.
Imitating Hypoxia and Tumor Microenvironment with Immune Evasion
by Employing Three Dimensional In vitro Cellular Models: Impressive
Tool in Drug Discovery
Authors: Mukherjee Sukhes , Ray Suman Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract:
The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment is exceptionally perplexing and not wholly
comprehended. Different multifaceted alignments lead to the generation of oxygen destitute situations
within the tumor niche that modulate numerous intrinsic tumor microenvironments. Disentangling
these communications is vital for scheming practical therapeutic approaches that can successfully
decrease tumor allied chemotherapy resistance by utilizing the innate capability of the immune
system. Several research groups are concerned with a protruding role for oxygen metabolism
along with hypoxia in the immunity of healthy tissue. Hypoxia, in addition to hypoxia-inducible
factors (HIFs) in the tumor microenvironment, plays an important part in tumor progression and endurance.
Although numerous hypoxia-focused therapies have shown promising outcomes both in
vitro and in vivo, these outcomes have not effectively translated into clinical preliminaries. Distinctive
cell culture techniques have been utilized as an in vitro model for tumor niche along with tumor
microenvironment and proficient in more precisely recreating tumor genomic profiles as well
as envisaging therapeutic response. To study the dynamics of tumor immune evasion, three-dimensional
(3D) cell cultures are more physiologically important to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
Recent research has revealed new information and insights into our fundamental understanding
of immune systems, and novel results that have been established as potential therapeutic targets.
There are a lot of patented 3D cell culture techniques which will be highlighted in this review.
At present notable 3D cell culture procedures in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, discourse
open doors to accommodate both drug repurposing, advancement, and divulgence of new medications
and will deliberate the 3D cell culture methods into standard prescription disclosure, especially
in the field of cancer biology, which will be discussing here.
Features of Bioaccumulation and Toxic Effects of Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles
Under Repeated Oral Exposure in Rats
Authors: Stepankov Mark Sergeevich , Zemlyanova Marina Aleksandrovna , Zaitseva Nina Vladimirovna , Ignatova Anna Mikhailovna , Nikolaeva Alena Evgenievna 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Currently, the range of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles’ (CuO NPs) applications
is expanding and the global production of CuO NPs is increasing. In this regard, the risk of
exposure of the population to this nanomaterial is increasing.

Objective:
The aim of the study is to investigate the patterns of bioaccumulation and toxic effects
of CuO NPs after multiple oral exposures.

Methods:
The particle size was determined by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic laser
light scattering. The specific surface area was measured by the method of Brunauer, Emmett,
Teller. Total pore volume - by the method of Barrett, Joyner, Khalenda. Twenty-four hours after
the final exposure, blood samples were taken for biochemical and hematological analysis, and internal
organs were taken to determine their mass, copper concentration and histological analysis. The
study was carried out in comparison with copper (II) oxide microparticles (CuO MPs).

Results:
In terms of size, surface area, and pore volume, the studied copper (II) oxide sample is a
nanomaterial. The median lethal dose of CuO NPs was 13187.5 mg/kg of body weight. Bioaccumulation
occurs in the stomach, blood, intestines, liver, lungs, kidneys and brain. Pathomorphological
changes in the liver are manifested in the form of necrosis, degeneration, hepatitis; kidney - proliferation
of mesangial cells, dystrophy; stomach - gastritis; small intestine - hyperplasia, enteritis;
large intestine - colitis; lungs - hyperplasia, abscess, pneumonia, bronchitis, vasculitis. Clumps of
brown pigment were detected in the kidneys, stomach and lungs. The mass of the stomach and intestines
increased, the mass of the liver, kidneys and lungs decreased. Pathomorphological changes
in organs are likely to cause an increase in the levels of activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate
aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, malondialdehyde concentration
and a decrease in plasma antioxidant activity. The proportion of segmented neutrophils
and the number of leukocytes are raised, the proportion of lymphocytes is reduced.

Conclusion:
The degree of bioaccumulation and toxicity of CuO NPs are more expressed in relation
to CuO MPs.
Withdrawal Notice: Graphene-Based Nanocarriers: A Review on Charac-terization, Ph-Light Sensitivity and Molecular Bio-Compatibility for Tar-geted Drug Delivery
Authors: Gade Akshay , Tate Mahadev , Fule Ritesh 
Published: July 2021

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Current Nanomaterials, due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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Mariana Mazzucato. Un nuevo paradigma para la acción económica del Estado: el incómodo nuevo libro de Mariana Mazzucatto.
Authors: Rivera Urrutia Eugenio 
Published: July 2021

Mariana Mazzucato, Mission Economy. A Moonshot Guide to Changing Capitalism. USA, Harper Collins. 2021, 272 páginas. ISBN 978-0063046238
Johtajuuden kehittyminen moniammatillisessa sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon johtamiskoulutuksessa
Authors: Kallio Heli , Suhonen Marjo , Wiik Heikki 
Published: July 2021

Sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon organisaatioihin kohdistuvat muutospaineet ja organisaatioiden kompleksisuus vaativat johtajuuden jatkuvaa uudistumista. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kuvailla moniammatilliseen sosiaali- ja terveysalan johtamiskoulutukseen osallistuneiden johtajien johtajuuden sisällön osa-alueiden kehittymistä heidän omasta näkökulmastaan.
Tutkimusaineistona olivat koulutukseen osallistuvien koulutuksen aikana tuottamat johtajuuden kehittymistä kuvaavat kirjalliset portfoliot (n=21). Analyysissä soveltaen hyödynnettiin narratiivista menetelmää ja temaattista sisällön analyysiä.
Analyysin tuloksena rakentui kolme johtajuuden kehittymisen kuvausta: 1. itsejohtajuuden kehittymisen kuvaus, 2. inhimillisten voimavarojen johtajuuden kehittymisen kuvaus ja 3. muutoksen ja kompleksisuuden johtajuuden kehittymisen kuvaus. Tutkimuksen perusteella johtajuuden sisällön osa-alueet kehittyivät monipuolisesti moniammatillisen johtamiskoulutuksen aikana. Etenkin itsejohtajuus kehittyi yksilöllisesti koulutuksen aikana. Myös ihmisten väliseen toimintaan keskittyvässä johtajuudessa tapahtui monipuolista kehittymistä. Johtajat havaitsivat kehittyneensä etenkin muutoksen ja kompleksisuuden johtajuuden saralla. Tutkimus tuotti lisää tietoa itsejohtajuuden sekä muutoksen ja kompleksisuuden johtajuuden kehittymisestä puolitoista vuotta kestäneen koulutuksen aikana. Johtajuuden kehittymisestä ja kehittymisprosesseista tarvitaan jatkossa syvällisempää ja monipuolisempaa tutkimustietoa.
Train to Pakistan: A Saga of Unsalvaged Suffering
Authors: Bansal Dr. Alka 
Published: July 2021

The torments of the colossal human tragedy of the partition of India and its aftermath are still being borne by the people of India in some way or the other. The fissured social and emotional spirit of the people is still not healed. The horrific scenes of partition still haunt the psyche of the Indians. Millions were massacred and those that were alive were like live corpses moving around. Their sufferings are unfathomed. They not only suffered physically but also mentally and emotionally. Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan is a novel that unfolds all aspects of suffering and pain which were endured by the people at that time. Singh has been successful in communicating to his readers the tribulations of the partition days, the harrowing experiences, grossness, the madness and the bestial horrors.The displacement of people from one country to another became the root cause of the whole holocaust. The village which bustled with activity turned into a kenopsia. Singh’s rankling at the idea of partition can be perceived in the novel. In the novel, Singh has vehemently written about every aspect of the dreaded violence to which women were subjected. It is quite obvious from the conditions prevailing in India that this splitting of the country was a futile effort. It sowed the seeds of communal discord permanently. People are still suffering they have not fully recovered from this psychosomatic trauma. The seeds of harmful weeds that were sown by the partition are still being reaped by the Indians.
Utilizing Smartphones to Enhance Students ‘Learning of English Language
Authors: Subha S. , Diravidamani Dr S 
Published: July 2021

Technology plays a momentous role in almost all the fields mainly far –reaching in educational field. It provides creative freedom, endless resources and learning materials. In the current scenario, students engage themselves in the recent technological advancements which not only kill their time but also entertain them all the time. So, the Teachers can take up these technological tools in their hands to inculcate English language to the younger generation instead of following the traditional method of teaching. Now-a-days, Smart phones have reached all the hands in the world including the rural people and made everything easier. By using smart phones effectively in Language classrooms, English language teachers can provoke interest among the non –native learners in learning English Language. Smart phone is a tool which presents visually attractive materials to the students that would be very much appealing to the second language learners. Through this, the four basic communication skills (LSRW Skills) of the second language learners can be enriched and refined .Thus, this paper predominantly focuses on the pros and cons of using smart phones in learning English based on the feedback accrued from the undergraduate students .