bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental disorders in the media: A retrospective study of newspaper coverage in the Chilean Press
Authors: Grandón Pamela , Fernández Vega Dany , Sánchez Oñate Alejandro Antonio , Vielma Aguilera Alexis Vladimir , Villagrán Valenzuela Loreto , Vidal Gutiérrez Daisy , Inostroza Rovengno Carolina , Whitley Rob 
Published: July 2021

Background: The mass media are relevant in shaping the population’s attitudes towards mental disorders. In low- and middle-income countries there is little information about the portrayal of people with mental disorders in the mass media. Aim: The general objective of the study was to assess the tone and content of Chilean newspaper articles about mental disorder from 2000 to 2019. Method: The digital editions of four national circulation Chilean newspapers were intentionally selected. The search engine Google News was used to identify and retrieve the news. To evaluate the news, a standardised codebook was administered. A total of 385 news were evaluated. Results: The results show that a large proportion of the news items has an overall positive/optimistic tone 43.5% and 57.5% does not stigmatise; however, only 18.4% emphasises recovery as part of the content. The highest percentages of news stigmatising in tone and content are observed for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Furthermore, the experts are quoted much more frequently than people diagnosed with mental disorders or their families and/or friends. When comparing by years there is a trend towards general decrease in stigmatisation, moving towards a more positive or optimistic view of mental health, Conclusions: In general, low stigmatisation towards mental disorders was found in the news and this was reduced steadily over time. Although there are aspects to improve in some particular areas, suggesting that manifest stigma has diminished, but more subtle forms still remain.
Prognostic Factors and Outcomes of De Novo Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Nguyen Emily S. , Risbud Adwight , Birkenbeuel Jack L. , Murphy Linda S. , Goshtasbi Khodayar , Pang Jonathan C. , Abiri Arash , Lehrich Brandon M. , Haidar Yarah M. , Tjoa Tjoson , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo review overall survival (OS), recurrence patterns, and prognostic factors of de novo sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (DN‐SCC).Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, OVID Medline, and Cochrane databases from 2006 to December 23, 2020.Review MethodsThe study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were required to report either recurrence patterns or survival outcomes of adults with DN‐SCC. Case reports, books, reviews, meta‐analyses, and database studies were all excluded.ResultsForty‐one studies reported on survival or recurrence outcomes. The aggregate 5‐year OS was 54.5% (range, 18%‐75%) from 35 studies (n = 1903). Patients undergoing open surgery were more likely to receive radiation therapy and present at an advanced stage compared to those receiving endoscopic surgery (all P <. 001). Advanced T stage, presence of cervical nodal metastases, maxillary sinus primary site, and negative human papillomavirus (HPV) status were all correlated with significantly worse 5‐year OS. Direct meta‐analysis of 8 studies demonstrated patients with surgery were more likely to be alive at 5 years compared to those who did not receive surgery (odds ratio, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.48‐3.47; P <. 001). Recurrence was reported in 628 of 1471 patients from 26 studies (42.7%) with an aggregate 5‐year locoregional control rate of 67.1% (range, 50.4%‐93.3%).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis suggests that the 5‐year OS rate for DN‐SCC may approach 54.5% and recurrence rate approaches 42.7%. In addition, various tumor characteristics including advanced T stage, positive nodal status, maxillary sinus origin, and negative HPV status are all associated with decreased survival.
Ewing Sarcoma of the Craniofacial Bones: A Qualitative Systematic Review
Authors: Rehman Rafey , Osto Muhammad , Parry Nathan , Awada Nadeen , Agemy Jacob , Arianpour Khashayar , Folbe Adam J. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review on the demographics, characteristics, management, treatment, complications, and outcomes of Ewing sarcomas in the craniofacial bones.Data SourcesUsing Cochrane Library, EmBase, and PubMed, the authors identified 71 studies to be included.Review MethodsThe Cochrane Library, EmBase, and PubMed databases were used to identify literature relating to Ewing sarcomas in the craniofacial bone to conduct a systematic review. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment strategies were extracted.ResultsSeventy‐one studies encompassing 102 patients were identified. The most common craniofacial locations involved were the frontal bone (16.7%, n = 17), nasal cavity (16.7%, n = 17), and temporal bone (14.7%, n = 15). Stratified by location, the most common presenting symptoms were frontal bone (palpable mass, n = 8, 47.1%), nasal cavities (epistaxis, n = 9, 52.9%), and temporal bones (headache, n = 5, 33.3%). The 3 most commonly used treatment strategies were a combination of surgical intervention/radiotherapy/chemotherapy (n = 43, 43%), a combination of radiotherapy/chemotherapy (n = 18, 18%), and a combination of surgical intervention/chemotherapy (n = 15, 15%). Patients who received a combination of surgical intervention/radiotherapy/chemotherapy experienced local recurrence rate of 16.6%. However, other combinations of therapies such as surgical intervention/chemotherapy and radiotherapy/chemotherapy had a lower local recurrence rate but were limited by small sample size. Most patients (79.0%) were disease free without evidence of recurrence.ConclusionEwing Sarcoma of the craniofacial bones has a good prognosis when treated appropriately. Given that our study was limited by retrospective data, we advise clinicians to use the findings of this article with their own clinical judgment to determine which treatment strategy they should pursue.
Laryngeal Adductor Reflex Movement Latency Following Tactile Stimulation
Authors: Strohl Madeleine P. , Chang Jolie L. , Dwyer Christopher D. , Young VyVy N. , Rosen Clark A. , Cheung Steven W. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo measure the latency of laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) motion onset at 2 laryngopharyngeal subsites using calibrated aesthesiometers.Study DesignCross‐sectional.SettingAcademic institution.MethodsTwenty‐one asymptomatic, healthy subjects (11 male, 10 female) underwent laryngopharyngeal sensory testing with tactile stimuli delivered to the aryepiglottic fold and medial pyriform sinus using 30‐mm Cheung‐Bearelly monofilaments (4‐0 and 5‐0 nylon sutures) via channeled flexible laryngoscope. The LAR onset latency, defined as the first visual detection of ipsilateral vocal fold adduction following tactile stimulation, was measured with frame‐by‐frame analysis of video recordings.ResultsThe overall mean LAR latency across both subsites and stimulation forces was 176.6 (95% CI, 170.3‐183.0) ms, without significant difference between subsites or forces. The critical value for LAR response latency prolongation at the. 01 significance level was 244 ms. At 30 frames/s video capture resolution, LAR response latency ≥8 frame intervals would indicate abnormal prolongation.ConclusionAesthesiometer‐triggered LAR latency appears to be invariant over an 8.7‐dB force range and between the aryepiglottic fold and medial pyriform sinus subsites in controls. Laryngeal adductor reflex latency incongruences between stimulation forces or laryngopharyngeal subsites may serve as pathophysiological features to dissect mechanisms of upper aerodigestive tract disorders.Level of EvidenceLevel 3B.
Cost‐effectiveness Analysis of Submandibular Gland Preservation With Sialendoscopy for the Management of Sialolithiasis
Authors: Acevedo Joseph R. , Hsu Ashley C. , Yu Jeffrey C. , Rice Dale H. , Kwon Daniel I. , Kung Raymond W. , Kokot Niels C. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo compare the cost‐effectiveness of sialendoscopy with gland excision for the management of submandibular gland sialolithiasis.Study DesignCost‐effectiveness analysis.SettingOutpatient surgery centers.MethodsA Markov decision model compared the cost‐effectiveness of sialendoscopy versus gland excision for managing submandibular gland sialolithiasis. Surgical outcome probabilities were found in the primary literature. The quality of life of patients was represented by health utilities, and costs were estimated from a third‐party payer’s perspective. The effectiveness of each intervention was measured in quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs). The incremental costs and effectiveness of each intervention were compared, and a willingness‐to‐pay ratio of $150,000 per QALY was considered cost‐effective. One‐way, multivariate, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to challenge model conclusions.ResultsOver 10 years, sialendoscopy yielded 9.00 QALYs at an average cost of $8306, while gland excision produced 8.94 QALYs at an average cost of $6103. The ICER for sialendoscopy was $36,717 per QALY gained, making sialendoscopy cost‐effective by our best estimates. The model was sensitive to the probability of success and the cost of sialendoscopy. Sialendoscopy must meet a probability‐of‐success threshold of 0.61 (61%) and cost ≤$11,996 to remain cost‐effective. A Monte Carlo simulation revealed sialendoscopy to be cost‐effective 60% of the time.ConclusionSialendoscopy appears to be a cost‐effective management strategy for sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland when certain thresholds are maintained. Further studies elucidating the clinical factors that determine successful sialendoscopy may be aided by these thresholds as well as future comparisons of novel technology.
Accuracy and Reliability of 4D‐CT and Flexible Laryngoscopy in Upper Airway Evaluation in Robin Sequence
Authors: Lam Austin S. , Bindschadler Michael D. , Evans Kelly N. , Friedman Seth D. , Blessing Matthew S. , Bly Randall , Cunningham Michael L. , Egbert Mark A. , Ettinger Russell E. , Gallagher Emily R. , Hopper Richard A. , Johnson Kaalan , Perkins Jonathan A. , Romberg Erin K. , Sie Kathleen C. Y. , Susarla Srinivas M. , Zdanski Carlton J. , Wang Xing , Otjen Jeffrey P. , Perez Francisco A. , Dahl John P. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the performance of 4‐dimensional computed tomography (4D‐CT) in assessing upper airway obstruction (UAO) in patients with Robin sequence (RS) and compare the accuracy and reliability of 4D‐CT and flexible fiber‐optic laryngoscopy (FFL).Study DesignProspective survey of retrospective clinical data.SettingSingle, tertiary care pediatric hospital.MethodsAt initial and 30‐day time points, a multidisciplinary group of 11 clinicians who treat RS rated UAO severity in 32 sets of 4D‐CT visualizations and FFL videos (dynamic modalities) and static CT images. Raters assessed UAO at the velopharynx and oropharynx (1 = none to 5 = complete) and noted confidence levels of each rating. Intraclass correlation and Krippendorff alpha were used to assess intra‐ and interrater reliability, respectively. Accuracy was assessed by comparing clinician ratings with quantitative percentage constriction (QPC) ratings, calculated based on 4D‐CT airway cross‐sectional area. Results were compared using Wilcoxon rank‐sum and signed‐rank tests.ResultsThere was similar intrarater agreement (moderate to substantial) with 4D‐CT and FFL, and both demonstrated fair interrater agreement. Both modalities underestimated UAO severity, although 4D‐CT ratings were significantly more accurate, as determined by QPC similarity, than FFL (−1.06 and −1.46 vs QPC ratings, P =. 004). Overall confidence levels were similar for 4D‐CT and FFL, but other specialists were significantly less confident in FFL ratings than were otolaryngologists (2.25 and 3.92, P <. 0001).ConclusionAlthough 4D‐CT may be more accurate in assessing the degree of UAO in patients with RS, 4D‐CT and FFL assessments demonstrate similar reliability. Additionally, 4D‐CT may be interpreted with greater confidence by nonotolaryngologists who care for these patients.
Endoscopic Resection and Mucosal Reconstitution With Epidermal Grafting: A Pilot Study in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Davis Ruth J. , Lina Ioan , Motz Kevin , Gelbard Alexander , Lorenz Robert R. , Sandhu Guri S. , Hillel Alexander T. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo describe technical aspects and surgical outcomes of endoscopic resection and mucosal reconstitution with epidermal grafting (ie, the Maddern procedure) in the treatment of idiopathic subglottic stenosis.Study DesignMedical record abstraction.SettingJohns Hopkins Hospital.MethodsRetrospective series of 9 adults with idiopathic subglottic stenosis who underwent the Maddern procedure by a single surgeon over a 5‐year period. Prespecified outcomes included (1) perioperative outcomes (Clavien‐Dindo grade 4/5 complications, need for staged tracheostomy, hospital length of stay), (2) postoperative outcomes (peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR], need for subsequent airway surgery, tracheostomy at follow‐up), and (3) patient‐reported quality‐of‐life outcomes (Clinical COPD Questionnaire, Voice Handicap Index–10, Eating Assessment Tool–10, and 12‐Item Short Form Version 2). Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed rank test and Kaplan‐Meier analysis were performed.ResultsThere were no Clavien‐Dindo grade 4/5 complications; 2 patients required unplanned staged tracheostomy; and the median length of stay was 3 days. Following endoscopic resection and stent removal, a median of 2 laser resurfacing procedures were required. Two patients developed recurrent stenosis requiring cricotracheal resection (CTR). There were significant improvements in PEFR, Clinical COPD Questionnaire, and Voice Handicap Index–10, without significant difference in Eating Assessment Tool–10. The 12‐Item Short Form Version 2 approximated the population norm. Kaplan‐Meier analysis demonstrated significant improvement in time to surgery after the final laser resurfacing.ConclusionThe Maddern procedure has a low complication rate and offers durable physiologic improvement in PEFR, limiting need for additional procedures. Risks included need for CTR salvage, temporary tracheostomy, phlegm accumulation, and laryngospasm. It is a surgical option for patients with short dilation intervals who prefer to avoid the risks of CTR.
Impact of Race and Insurance Status on Primary Treatment for HPV‐Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Habib Andy M. , Carey Ryan M. , Prasad Aman , Mady Leila J. , Shinn Justin R. , Bur Andrés M. , Brody Robert M. , Cannady Steven B. , Rajasekaran Karthik , Ibrahim Said A. , Newman Jason G. , Brant Jason A. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of sociodemographic factors on primary treatment choice (surgery vs radiotherapy) in patients with human papillomavirus–associated (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).Study DesignRetrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database.SettingData from >1500 Commission on Cancer institutions (academic and community) via the National Cancer Database.MethodsOur sample consists of patients diagnosed with HPV+ OPSCC from 2010 to 2015. The primary outcome of interest was initial treatment modality: surgery vs radiation. We performed multivariable logistic models to assess the relationship between treatment choice and sociodemographic factors, including sex, race, treatment facility, and insurance status.ResultsOf the 16,043 patients identified, 5894 (36.7%) underwent primary surgery while 10,149 (63.3%) received primary radiotherapy. Black patients were less likely than White patients to receive primary surgery (odds ratio [OR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66‐0.96). When compared with privately insured patients, those who were uninsured or on Medicaid or Medicare were also less likely to receive primary surgery (OR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.56‐0.86]; OR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.65‐0.91]; OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75‐0.96], respectively). Patients receiving treatment at an academic/research cancer program were more likely to undergo primary surgery than those treated at comprehensive community cancer programs (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.14‐1.56).ConclusionIn this large sample of patients with HPV+ OPSCC, race and insurance status affect primary treatment choice. Specifically, Black and nonprivately insured patients are less likely to receive primary surgery as compared with White or privately insured patients. Our findings illuminate potential disparities in HPV+ OPSCC treatment.
Location, Location, Location: Accelerometer Placement Affects Steps-Based Physical Activity Outcomes During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Authors: Marshall Mallory R. , Montoye Alexander H. K. , Conway Michelle R. , Schlaff Rebecca A. , Pfeiffer Karin A. , Pivarnik James M. 
Published: July 2021

As pregnancy progresses, physical changes may affect physical activity (PA) measurement validity. n = 11 pregnant women (30.1 ± 3.8 years) wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the right hip, right ankle, and non-dominant wrist for 3–7 days during the second and third trimesters (21 and 32 weeks, respectively) and 12 weeks postpartum. Data were downloaded into 60-second epochs from which stepping cadence was calculated; repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences among placements. At all time points, the wrist accelerometer measured significantly more daily steps (9930–10 452 steps/d) and faster average stepping cadence (14.5–14.6 steps/min) than either the hip (4972–5944 steps/d, 7.1–8.6 steps/min) or ankle (7161–8205 steps/d, 10.3–11.9 steps/min) placement, while moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity at the wrist (1.2–1.7 min/d) was significantly less than either hip (3.0–5.9 min/d) or ankle (6.1–7.3 min/d). Steps, cadence, and counts were significantly lower for the hip than the ankle at all time points. Kappa calculated for agreement in intensity classification between the various pairwise comparisons ranged from .06 to .41, with Kappa for hip–ankle agreement (.34–.41) significantly higher than for wrist–ankle (.09–.11) or wrist–hip (.06–.16). These data indicate that wrist accelerometer placement during pregnancy likely results in over counting of PA parameters and should be used with caution.
Massed and distributed practice on learning the forehand shot in tennis
Authors: Fuentes-García Juan Pedro , Pulido Silvia , Morales Noemí , Menayo Ruperto 
Published: July 2021

Purpose This study aims to determine the effect of the distribution of practice on learning the forehand shot in tennis. Method Twenty-four beginner tennis players participated in the study (13 males and 11 female; 8.63 ± 0.92 years old). The players were separated after groups -massed practice ( N = 12) and distributed practice ( N = 12). Each group practiced the forehand shot for 12 sessions, 4 series per session and 10 trials/series (6 weeks). The accuracy and efficacy were measured through one post-test and one retest, carried out 2 weeks after the last learning session. Results Significant improvements in accuracy between the pre-test and post-test ( p=.004) and between pre-test and re-test ( p=.006) were found in the massed practice group. Significant improvements in accuracy between the pre-test and post-test ( p=.002) and between pre-test and re-test ( p=.001) were found in the distributed practice group. No significant differences were found between groups but there was a favourable trend toward better learning in both, with improved accuracy and efficacy. Conclusion The motor learning through the distribution of practice among children has been noted, with a significant improvement in the skill acquisition of the forehand shot in the two groups. The results are useful because they clear up the doubts about how to plan the teaching of this stroke in tennis, confirming the suitability of carrying out learning programs based on massed and distributed practice.
Application of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Wennan , Xue Qingyun 
Published: July 2021

Background: It is unclear how and which factors affect the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) applied during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of PRP for arthroscopic repair of full-thickness rotator cuff tear and investigate the factors that affect its clinical efficacy. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: We searched Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and OVID to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients who received PRP treatment and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (PRP group) versus controls (no-PRP group). The primary outcomes included retear rate, Constant-Murley score, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score, short-term American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, and adverse events. Results: A total of 14 RCTs were included in this systematic review. Significant improvement in Constant-Murley, UCLA, and VAS pain scores were found in the PRP group during short-term, midterm, and long-term follow-up. The PRP group had a significantly decreased retear rate (risk ratio [RR], 0.57 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.78]; P = .0003), especially for long-term follow-up (RR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.17 to 0.83]; P = .02), large to massive tears (RR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.80]; P = .0008), use of leukocyte-poor PRP (RR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.33 to 0.76]; P = .001), and intraoperative application of PRP (RR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.79]; P = .0007). No significant difference between the 2 groups was found in the incidence of adverse events (RR, 1.34 [95% CI, 0.83 to 2.15]; P = .23) or in ASES scores at short-term follow-up (weighted mean difference, 1.04 [95% CI, –3.10 to 5.19]; P = .62). Conclusion: The results of this review indicated that arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with PRP significantly reduced the long-term retear rate and shoulder pain and provided improved long-term shoulder function in patients. Intraoperative application of PRP, use of leukocyte-poor plasma, and large to massive tear size contributed to a significantly decreased retear rate for rotator cuff repair combined with PRP.
EMR Precharting Efficiency in Internal Medicine: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bowman Chip A , Holzer Horatio 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The act of precharting, or navigating the EMR to review a patient’s recent vitals, labs, notes, and other results, is something that is required of every clinician prior to effective rounding on patients. The purpose of this scoping review is to review the extant literature on precharting. Methods: Scholarly data through OVID on Medscape and grey literature were systematically searched with extensive inclusion criteria including the terms “Pre-round” “precharting” as well as “student” “education” or “teach” adjacent to “EMR” or “electronic medical record” or “electronic health record” or “documentation.” We collated this with “education, medical, undergraduate,” or “Students/medical.” Results: As of September 23, 2020, 241 scholarly articles were identified. No grey literature were identified. Inclusion criteria included full article access, English language, and covering the precharting topic. Seventeen articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. These articles included 1 direct observational study, 1 retrospective study, 2 qualitative studies, 5 EMR workshop trainings, 1 perspective piece, 1 curriculum analysis, and 6 articles based on survey measures. Of these articles, the majority were published recently, with 8 of the 17 published since 2018. Summary of the limited existing literature can be distilled into 3 findings: a need for timely EMR data extraction, the potential optimization of EMR workflow, and the benefit of time intensive EMR trainings. Conclusions: This scoping review explored the existing scholarly and grey literature to summarize the review of precharting and education surrounding navigating the EMR for medical students as a means of exploring the topic to determine current practices and identify areas of potential improvement.