bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENEKANAN HAYATI PENYAKIT MOLER PADA BAWANG MERAH DENGAN TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM, TRICHODERMA KONINGII, DAN PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS P60
Authors: Edy Santoso Suprapto , Soesanto Loekas , Agung Dwi Haryanto Totok 
Published: January 2021

Biological Suppression of Moler Disease on Shallot by Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii, and Pseudomonas fluorescens P60. Research aiming for (1) knowing efectivity of biological suppression with T. harzianum, T. koningii, and P. fluorescens P60 and (2) studying growth and production of shallot caused by the suppression carried out at the shallot farm. Split-Split Plot Design arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design was used with three replicates. The research result showed that P. fluorescens P60 was the most effective antagonistic agent to suppress the disease either alone or in combination while T. harzianumi and T. koningii did not suppress effectively. Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 could suppress the disease up to 41.96%. The best method of P. fluorescens P60 application was spraying method for 10 mL with 107 cfu/mL population density, which was able to dicrease incubation period, disease intensity, and final pathogen population up to 62.46, 18.19, and 80.67%, respectively. Growth and production of the crop tended to increase resulted from biological suppression by P. fluorescens P60, but not by T. harzianum nor T. koningii.
SELEKSI PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN SECARA LANGSUNG DI LAPANGAN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LINCAT PADA TEMBAKAU
Authors: Arwiyanto Triwidodo , Yuniarsih Fatma , Martoredjo Toekidjo , Dalmadiyo Gembong 
Published: January 2021

Field Screening of Pseudomonad Fluorescent for Controlling Tobacco Lincat Disease. Lincat disease is one of many factors which decreases tobacco production in Temanggung. The disease was caused by a combination between Ralstonia solanacearum and Meloidogyne incognita. The disease is difficult to control by any available control measures. The objective of this research was to find fluorescent pseudomonads which could suppress the lincat disease. The bacteria were isolated from local plants and tested in the field directly without any prior tests in the laboratory. The results indicated that dipping root system of tobacco for 20 minutes in the suspension of fluorescent pseudomonad suppressed lincat disease in the field. The results showed that there were variation in disease index between treatments. Plot treated with isolate pf22, pf23, pf30, pf42, pf51, and pf 83 showed the disease index of 16,67%; 13,34%; 20%; 20%; 16,67%; and 6,67%, respectively. However, there was an inconsistency in the capability of the isolates in the disease suppression. At the second experiment, the plants treated with pf83 isolate showed the disease index of 36,6% with the control plot of 63,3%. Laboratory tests indicated that there were 44 isolates which could inhibit pathogen growth in vitro. The fluorescent pseudomonads used in this experiments were proved not to belong to plant pathogenic bacteria.
PENGARUH BEBERAPA EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN TERHADAP DEIGHTONIELLA TORULOSA SYD. ELLIS PENYEBAB PENYAKIT UJUNG HITAM BUAH PISANG
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Efri Efri 
Published: January 2021

The effect of some plant extracts on Deightoniella torulosa Syd. Ellis the causative agent of black tip disease of banana. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of some plant extracts on the growth and reproduction of Deightonella torulosa. The plants used in this experiments were Zingiber cassumunar, Acorus calamus, and Amomum cardamomum. The treatments of the factorial (3x4) experiment were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The first factor (plant extracts) consisted of Z. cassumunar, A. calamus, and A. cardamomum extracts. The second factor (extract concentration) consisted of 0, 100, 200, and 300 mg/l. Variables examined were the colony diameter and conidial density of D. torulosa. The result of the experiment shows that extract of Z. cassumunar, A. calamus, and A. cardamomum extracts suppressed fungal colony diameter. On Z. cassumunar and A. calamus extracts, the higher the concentration the higher fungal colony diameter suppressed. The most effective suppression by the extract was at 300 mg/l. A. calamus extract was more effective than Z. cassumunar and A. cardamomum at 100 mg/ml. Z. cassumunar and A. calamus extracts had the same effectivity at 200 mg/l, and both was more effective compared to A. cardamomum. Z. cassumunar was more effective compared to A. calamus and A. cardamomum at 300 mg/l. The results of the experiment also showed that Z. cassumunar, A. calamus, and A. cardamomum suppressed conidial production of D. torulosa. Z. cassumunar most effectively suppressed conidia production at 300 mg/l. A. calamus extract suppressed conidial production the most effectively at 200 and 300 mg/l. A. cardamomum extract significantly suppressed conidia production only at 300 mg/l. Z. cassumunar and A. calamus extracts were more effective to suppress conidia production compared to A. cardamomum for all level of concentration except control. The effectivity of Z. cassumunar and A. calamus was the same at 100 and 300 mg/l. Z. cassumunar extract was more effective than A. calamus at 200 mg/l.
DAMPAK APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA PERMETRIN TERHADAP SERANGGA HAMA (THOSEA SP.) DAN SERANGGA PENYERBUK (ELAEIDOBIUS KAMERUNICUS) DALAM AGROEKOSISTEM KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Hasibuan Rosma , Gede Swibawa I , M. Hariri Agus , Pramono Sudi , Susilo F.X. , Karmike Nurafiah 
Published: January 2021

Impact of Permethrin-Insecticide Application on Insect Pest (Thosea sp.) and Insect Pollinators (Elaeidobius kamerunicus) in Oil Palm Agroecosystem. Insecticide efficacy studies are usually determined from the target insect (pest) data without regard to the effect of that treatment on the non-target insects (such as pollinators). This study examined the effect of permethrin (one of widely used insecticides for agriculture) on defoliating insect pest (nettle caterpillar, Thosea sp.) and insect pollinator (weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus) which lives on pollen of male oil palm flowers. A complete block design was used in which each of four blocks consisted of 5 treatments (4 concentrations of permethrin; 50; 100; 200; and 250 ppm and control) . The results clearly demonstrated that the application of permethrin reduced significantly the number of nettle caterpillar throughout all sprayed plants (up to 100% 14 d after treatments). A significant difference in mean population of the caterpillar were detected between plots sprayed with permethrin (0.05; 0.25; 0.53; and 2.00 larvae/leaves at concentrations of 250; 200; 100; and 50 ppm respectively) and control plant (5.2 larvae/leaves) 3 d after treatments. This insecticide effects persisted for at least 14 d after treatments. On the other hand, permethrin application in oil palm agroecosystem had adverse effects on main pollinator (E. kamerunicus). The number of weevil pollinators on sprayed plants (12.5; 59.3; 77.5; and 209.5 weevil/male flower at concentrations of 50; 100; 200; and 250 ppm respectively) were significantly fewer compared to the control plants (976.0 weevil/male flower). The results indicate that, despite high efficacy of permethrin in reducing number of insect pests of oil palm (Thosea sp.), its application also cause a severe impact on important insect pollinators (E. kamerunicus).
EVALUASI TINGKAT PARASITISASI PARASITOID TELUR DAN LARVA TERHADAP PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA L. (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTIDAE) PADA TANAMAN KUBIS-KUBISAN
Authors: Wardani Nila , Nazar Amrizal 
Published: January 2021

Evaluation of parasitization of egg and larvae parasitoids to Putella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) on crucifers. Diamond back moth Plutella xylostella is an important pest of cabbage in Indonesia. Trichogramma (egg parasitoid) and Diadegma (larvae parasitoid) are the main parasitoid of diamond back moth. This study was conducted as survey methods in several region in West Java. The results indicated that level of parasitism by egg parasitoid (40.45%) was higher than larvae parasitoid (15.98%).
POPULASI RAYAP PADA PERTANAMAN LADA DI WAY KANAN, LAMPUNG
Authors: M. Hariri Agus , Susilo F.X. , Sudarsono Hamim 
Published: January 2021

Termite population on black pepper plantation in Way Kanan, Lampung. This survey conducted from July to August 2002 was aimed to document the abundance and the diversity of termites at two locations of black pepper plantation with different soil covers at Way Kanan District, Lampung. The first location (Tiuhbalak) was practically bare (less weeds and more litter) while the second location (Sukarame) was more covered (more weeds and less litter). Two termite transects were set at each location. Each transect, comprised of 20 sections of 5 m x 2 m, was laid down in an oblique direction relative to the black pepper plant row. Termites were collected by soil scrapping, wood dismantling, and/or circum-digging of the soil around the plants by two collectors in 30 minutes/section. Termite specimens (mainly soldier caste) were conserved into vial containing 70% of ethanol for identification. Variables being observed included termite’s (1) relative abundance, (2) distribution, (3) number, and (4) biomass. The relative abundance and distribution between locations were compared using F-test at 5% level of significance. Results showed that the termites recovered from 7.5 finds (Tiuhbalak) and 10 finds (Sukarame) were Macrotermes gilvus, Microtermes obesi, Nasutitermes havilandi, Havilanditermes sp., Schedorhinotermes medioobscurus, and Cryptotermes sp.. Termites that were found in association with the black pepper plants were M. gilvus (in part) and Cryptotermes sp., while the other M. gilvus, M. obesi, N. havilandi, Havilanditermes sp., and S. medioobscurus were found from their sub-terranean nests close to the plants. Higher termite number and biomass (dominated by M. gilvus) were recovered from Tiuhbalak, while higher termite diversity was observed from Sukarame.
EFFECTS OF ALPINIA GALANGA POWDER ON PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI LEIONIAN IN VITRO
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Mujim Subli , Ginting Cipta 
Published: January 2021

Pengaruh Alpinia galanga terhadap Phytophthora capsici Leionian secara in vitro. Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tepung beberapa bagian dan konsentrasi A. galanga terhadap jari-jari koloni dan produksi zoospora P. capsici. Percobaan dilakukan secara faktorial (4x4) dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah tepung bagian tanaman, yaitu rhizome, batang, daun, dan akar. Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi ekstrak, yaitu 0,0%; 0,5%; 1%, dan 1,5%. Peubah yang diamati adalah diameter koloni dan kepadatan spora P. capsici. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa setiap konsentrasi serbuk akar paling efektif dalam menekan diameter koloni dibandingkan dengan serbuk bagian yang lain, kecuali pada konsentrasi 1,5%. Pada konsentrasi 1,5%, serbuk akar dan rhizome mempunyai efektivitas yang sama. Secara khusus, untuk serbuk rhizome dan akar semakin tinggi konsentrasi semakin efektif dalam menekan diameter koloni P. capsici. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi 0,5%, serbuk rhizome dan daun lebih efektif dalam menekan produksi zoospora dibandingkan dengan serbuk batang dan akar; rhizome dan daun mempunyai efektivitas yang sama. Pada konsentrasi 1 dan 1,5%, serbuk rhizome, daun, dan akar lebih efektif dalam menekan produksi zoospora dibandingkan dengan serbuk batang; rhizome, daun, dan akar mempunyai efektivitas yang sama. Secara khusus, pada rhizome dan akar, semakin tinggi konsentrasi semakin efektif dalam menekan produksi zoospora P. capsici.
PENGARUH TEKNIK BUDIDAYA TERHADAP INTENSITAS PENYAKIT KARAT DAN PRODUKSI KACANG TANAH (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)
Authors: Hasanah Hasanah , Wylis Arief Ratna , Barus Junita 
Published: January 2021

Effect of cultural methods on peanut rust leaf intensity and yield. An important disease of peanut is rust leaf caused by Puccinia arachidis. It ussualy occurs with pock marked diseases. Both decreased yield up to 1,0 ton/ha (50% - 60%) compare potention yield of peanut (1,8 ton/ha). The experiment was conducted at Siraman village, Pekalongan residence, Central Lampung from June to December 2000. It applied two methods: Model A (farmers pattern) and Model B (reccomendation pattern) with three replications and four cooperator farmers. The variable were growth percentage, hight of plant, number of pod, wight of wet pod, weight of dry pod, wight of 100 granules, and leaf rot intensity. The result showed the yield of recomendation pattern better than that of farmer pattern, intensity of attacked rust leaf diseases increased from 4,58% to 27,47% on farmer pattern and increased from 3,54% to 33,55% on recomendatin pattern, Macan variety is succeptible with rust leaf diseases and decreased yield up to 41,67%.
PERKEMBANGAN DAN REPRODUKSI CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) PADA PAKAN ALAMI DAN SEMIBUATAN
Authors: Jelita Sari Novalia , Prijono Djoko 
Published: January 2021

Development and reproduction of Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on natural and artificial diets. Development and reproduction of Crocidolomia pavonana on natural and artificial diets were studied in the laboratory (25.2 ± 0.9 C; 84.6% ± 6.7% RH; ca. 12 h photophase). The natural diets tested were broccoli, cabbage, chinese cabbage, and cauliflower leaves. The artificial diets used were agar–based general lepidopteran diets mixed with red bean or broccoli leaves, and supplemented with vitamins and microbial inhibitors. Observation of insect development was done since the egg stage. After the eggs hatched, larvae were kept singly in plastic cups and fed with appropriate diets. Fifty larvae were used for each diet. Records were kept with regard to the duration of each larval instar, pupal period, and the pupal weight. The emerging adults were paired, and then the number of dead adults and that of eggs laid were recorded daily. On all the natural diets tested, the larval stage of C. pavonana passed through four instars. The egg incubation, total larval developmental, and pupal period of C. pavonana on chinese cabbage were the shortest compared to those on the other natural diets. The pupal weight, however, was the highest on broccoli, followed by that on chinese cabbage, cabbage, and cauliflower. The female fecundity was also the highest on broccoli (average 258 eggs/female) followed by that on chinese cabbage (212), cauliflower (162), and cabbage (102). Broccoli diet also yielded adults with the longest lifespan although the adult lifespan on broccoli was not significantly different from that on the other natural diets, except that of males on cabbage. C. pavonana failed to develop successfully on six kinds of artificial diets tested. The best artificial diet (broccoli–based diet with microbial inhibitors 20% of the normal amount) only yielded two males and five females with deformed wings, but none of the emerging females produced eggs.
KETAHANAN TIGA SPESIES ARACHIS TERHADAP BERCAK DAUN AKHIR (CERCOSPORIDIUM PERSONATUM BERK. ET CURT.) PADA PEMBERIAN DAN TANPA PEMBERIAN MANKOZEB
Authors: Dwi Utomo Setyo , Mat Akin Hasriadi 
Published: January 2021

The resistance of three species of Arachis to late leaf spot (Cercosporidium personatum) with and without application of mankozeb. The use of resistant cultivars and application of fungicide are effective means to control late leafspot. Resistant genotypes of peanut is required as a parent for hibridization to develop high-yielding cultivars resistant to late leaf spot. The objective of this study were to evaluate the resistance of 11 genotypes from three species of Arachis to late leaf spot (C. personatum) with and without application of mankozeb. The experiment was arangged ia a split splot design with three replications. The main plots were fungicide treatment (treated and untreated). Fungicide mankozeb ( 4 g/l, 500 l/ha) was applied at 28, 40, 52, 64 and 76 days after planting. The sub-plots were genotypes of species Arachis, i.e., 7 lines of cultivated peanut (Archis hypogaea) from ICRISAT, 2 national varieties (Gajah and Kelinci), and two wild species (A. cardenasii, and A. pintoi). The two wild species were imune to late leaf spot so that they can be utilized as resistant parent in wide hybridization to develop a superior cultivars. ICGV 88262 was more resistant than Gajah and Kelinci. Because its yield tend to be lower than Gajah and Kelinci, ICGV 88262 also can be utilized as resistant parent in hibridization. Mankozeb was efective and substantially reduced yield losses of cv. Gajah. Mankozeb should be aplied in cultivation of cv. Gajah to control late leafspot.
PENYEBARAN DAN DETEKSI MOLEKULER VIRUS GEMINI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT KUNING PADA TANAMAN CABAI DI SUMATERA
Authors: Sudiono Sudiono , Yasin Nur , Hendrastuti Hidayat Sri , Hidayat Purnama 
Published: January 2021

The distribution and molecular detection of geminivirus pathogen of chilli yellowing disease in Sumatera lsland. The objective of this research was to investigate the spread and to detect geminivirus in Sumatra Island. The method is survey infected of plants in Province of Lampung, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Jambi, West Sumatra, and North Sumatra was used to detection of geminivirus from collected chilli plants by PCR (polymerase reaction chain) technique. The result showed that based on typical symptoms and molecular detection of collected sample from Lampung, South Sumatera, and North Sumatera were infected by geminivirus. The type symptoms were turning yellowing, curling, and stunting. Occurrence of disease accidents were for Province of Lampung 0 - 100%, South Sumatra 20 - 60%, Bengkulu 0 - 40%, Jambi 0 - 5%, West Sumatra 0 - 5% and North Sumatra 0 – 80%, while sample Province of Jambi and of West Sumtera were not infected by geminivirus based on symptoms and molecular detection.
OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE OF TWO SPECIES OF PSYLLID (CARDIASPINA ALBITEXTURA AND CARDIASPINA RETATOR) ON EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS LEAVES
Authors: Nismah Nismah 
Published: January 2021

Oviposition preference of two species of psyllid (Cardiaspina albitextura and Cardiaspina retator) on Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves. Study on oviposition preference of two species of psyllid (Cardiaspina albitextura and Cardiaspina retator) on Eucalyptus camaldulensis was conducted in open area around Bundoora Campus, La Trobe Univesity, Australia. The purpose of this study was to examine the oviposision preference of two difference species of psyllid. Seven E. camaldulensis trees occupied by both C. albitextura and C. rotator were chosen. Leaves of E. camaldulesis were sampled in two periods of oviposition. Four E. camaldulensis trees labelled with t1, t2, t3 and t4 were sampled in period of oviposition I and seven trees in period of oviposition II (4 trees were same as trees in period I ( t1, t2, t3, t4 and 3 other trees t5, t6 and t7 ). Thirty randomly selected leaves, occupied by the eggs of both C. albitextura and C. rotator, were taken from each tree. The samples of leaves were brought to laboratory to examine the eggs on each side (adaxial and abaxial) of leaves. The eggs were counted under 10 x magnifications and recorded. Correlation was used in the data analysis and significance of r-value was tested by t test. The result indicated that both species of pest (C. albitextura and C. rotator) chose the same side of leave for oviposition. Both C. albitextur and C. retator prefer the abaxial surface of leaves to oviposit on most trees sampled in the field. The numbers of eggs oviposited by C. albitextur had a positive correlation with the number of eggs oviposited by C. retator. The number of eggs laid by both species depended on period of ovipositon, tree, and side where the eggs were laid.
HOST MORTALITY, LETHAL PERIOD, TRANSMISSIBILITY, AND THRESHOLD DENSITY OF VERTICILLIUM LECANII – SCOTINOPHARA SP. MYCOSIS
Authors: Susilo F.X. , Mulyasari Nyoman , Rozali Rozali , Pramono Sudi 
Published: January 2021

Host mortality, lethal period, transmissibility, and threshold density of Verticillium lecanii – Scotinophara sp. mycosis. This study, conducted at Laboratory of Plant Protection Gading Rejo, Tanggamus-Lampung during March – October 2002, was aimed at determining the host mortality, lethal period, transmissibility, and threshold density of Verticillium lecanii – Scotinophara sp. mycosis generated from cadaver exposure and conidial spray in potted rice plants. The cadaver exposure was implemented by inoculating various levels of inoculum to different levels of host population while the conidial spray was done by spraying V. lecanii starter suspension or suspension of homogenized Scotinophara sp. cadavers to the host. After incubation, newly formed cadavers (new infections) were collected. The host mortality was expressed as percentage of the host number by inoculation technique while the lethal (infection) period was averaged from overall data (grand average) or from data sorted by inoculation technique. Transmissibility was taken to be the significant regression slope between new infections and potential contact while threshold density value was taken as the ratio between the inverse value of lethal period (numerator) and transmissibility (denominator). Results showed that the host mortality after exposure to 2 cadavers was significantly lower (1.7%) than that after exposures to 4 – 10 cadavers or after conidial sprays (10 – 25% range). The lethal period of the mycosis ranged from 5.2 to 15.8 days (no difference between inoculation techniques) while the disease transmissibility was 0.025 infection potential contact-1. The threshold density of the mycosis was 4.0 individuals of susceptible Scotinophara sp. rice plant-1. The fungus V. lecanii could be importance as a naturally-occurring biological control agent against Scotinophara sp.
PENGENDALIAN TERPADU PENYAKIT LAYU (RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM Smith) DAN NEMATODA PURU AKAR (MELOIDOGYNE SPP.) PADA TANAMAN JAHE GAJAH
Authors: Sudana Made , Lotrini Made 
Published: January 2021

Integrated control of ginger wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum Smith) and root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The purpose of this research was to obtain reasonable integrated control ginger wilt disease. The research was conducted in endemic area of ginger wilt disease at Biaung village, Penebel Regency during April, 2003 to Januari, 2004. Randomized block design (RAK) with three replication and 11 treatments was used in this experiment. Research result appears that ginger wilt diseases can be controlled by integrated control using seed treatment with soaked method in urea-polymer + Bacillus sp. (2g/l water for two hours and then for planting treatment with vermi-compost (150g/plant) + fire-wood ash (50g/plant) + Mycorrhiza (100 g/plant). Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) was effective controlled by dolomit (5g/plant) + seed-treatment with bactericide (Agrimicin 500 ppm) + vermi-compost (150 g/plant).
KERAGAMAN ARTHROPODA PADA PADI SAWAH DENGAN PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU
Authors: Nyoman Widiarta I , Kusdiaman Dede , Suprihanto Suprihanto 
Published: January 2021

Arthropods diversity in rice field with integrated crop management. Integrated crop management (ICM) has been introduced to improve rice intensification system in Indonesia. Organic matter has been recommended to be added into the rice fields to improve soil fertility. In order to minimize hazard of pesticide integrated pest management (IPM) is incorporated into ICM to control pest. The objectives of this research were to study arthropod diversity in rice field where organic matter was added and pesticide was used rationally. The research was conducted at experimental fields of Indonesian Center for Rice Research in Sukamandi, during the wet season of 2005/2006. Diversity of arthropod was observed in ICM, organically-farm field, and farmer technique paddy fields. Arthropod was sampled using a FARMCOP suction apparatus. Results of this study indicated that in ICM paddy fields were harbored by more insect, predators and parasitoids especially during early growing stage of rice plants. Thus adding organic matter and rationaly use of insecticide could increase the natural enemies for insect pests in the field.