bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraocular Sebaceous Carcinoma Treated With Mohs Micrographic Surgery—A 24-Year Retrospective Review of Tumor Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Seago Meghan , Hosking Anna-Marie , Greenway Hubert T. , Kelley Benjamin 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is rare, with distinct features from its ocular counterpart. These neoplasms have been associated with Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS). Associated internal malignancies include gastrointestinal and genitourinary.

OBJECTIVE
Assess for local recurrence, metastasis, disease-specific death, and additional malignancies in patients with extraocular SC treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) at a single referral center.

METHODS
Review of patients with extraocular SC treated with MMS between 1995 and 2019. Follow-up was obtained by chart review.

RESULTS
Thirty-eight patients with 41 tumors were identified (25, 66% male). During a mean follow-up of 5.9 ± 5 years, one case of metastasis was identified in an incompletely treated case. No recurrence was identified in the remaining 40 tumors. Five of 41 (12%) tumors had aggressive histologic features. Seven of 38 (18%) patients had a diagnosis of MTS or associated risk factors. There was no association between MTS or its risk factors and high-risk tumors.

CONCLUSION
There were no incidences of local recurrence, metastasis, or disease-specific death in cases treated completely with MMS. Metastasis and disease-specific death occurred in an incompletely treated case, highlighting the risk associated with aggressive tumors.
Cellular Activities of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors Reveal Their Unique Characteristics
Authors: Cao Wenyue , Cho Chia-Chuan Dean , Geng Zhi Zachary , Ma Xinyu R. , Allen Robert , Shaabani Namir , Vatansever Erol C. , Alugubelli Yugendar R. , Ma Yuying , Ellenburg William H. , Yang Kai S. , Qiao Yuchen , Ji Henry , Xu Shiqing , Liu Wenshe Ray 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTAs an essential enzyme of SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen of COVID-19, main protease (MPro) triggers acute toxicity to its human cell host, an effect that can be alleviated by an MPro inhibitor with cellular potency. By coupling this toxicity alleviation with the expression of an MPro-eGFP fusion protein in a human cell host for straightforward characterization with fluorescent flow cytometry, we developed an effective method that allows bulk analysis of cellular potency of MPro inhibitors. In comparison to an antiviral assay in which MPro inhibitors may target host proteases or other processes in the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle to convene strong antiviral effects, this novel assay is more advantageous in providing precise cellular MPro inhibition information for assessment and optimization of MPro inhibitors. We used this assay to analyze 30 literature reported MPro inhibitors including MPI1-9 that were newly developed aldehyde-based reversible covalent inhibitors of MPro, GC376 and 11a that are two investigational drugs undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in United States, boceprevir, calpain inhibitor II, calpain inhibitor XII, ebselen, bepridil that is an antianginal drug with potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, and chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine that were previously shown to inhibit MPro. Our results showed that most inhibitors displayed cellular potency much weaker than their potency in direct inhibition of the enzyme. Many inhibitors exhibited weak or undetectable cellular potency up to 10 μM. On contrary to their strong antiviral effects, 11a, calpain inhibitor II, calpain XII, ebselen, and bepridil showed relatively weak to undetectable cellular MPro inhibition potency implicating their roles in interfering with key steps other than just the MPro catalysis in the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle to convene potent antiviral effects. characterization of these molecules on their antiviral mechanisms will likely reveal novel drug targets for COVID-19. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine showed close to undetectable cellular potency to inhibit MPro. Kinetic recharacterization of these two compounds rules out their possibility as MPro inhibitors. Our results also revealed that MPI5, 6, 7, and 8 have high cellular and antiviral potency with both IC50 and EC50 values respectively below 1 μM. As the one with the highest cellular and antiviral potency among all tested compounds, MPI8 has a remarkable cellular MPro inhibition IC50 value of 31 nM that matches closely to its strong antiviral effect with an EC50 value of 30 nM. Given its strong cellular and antiviral potency, we cautiously suggest that MPI8 is ready for preclinical and clinical investigations for the treatment of COVID-19.
Immunogenicity and In vivo protection of a variant nanoparticle vaccine that confers broad protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Logue James , Johnson Robert , Patel Nita , Zhou Bin , Maciejewski Sonia , Zhou Haixia , Portnoff Alyse , Tian Jing-Hui , McGrath Marisa , Haupt Robert , Weston Stuart , Hammond Holly , Guebre-Xabier Mimi , Dillen Carly , Plested Joyce , Cloney-Clark Shane , Greene Ann M , Massare Mike , Glenn Greg , Smith Gale , Frieman Matthew 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread globally. As SARS-CoV-2 has transmitted from person to person, variant viruses have emerged with elevated transmission rates and higher risk of infection for vaccinees. We present data showing that a recombinant prefusion-stabilized Spike (rS) protein based on the B.1.351 sequence (rS-B.1.351) was highly immunogenic in mice and produced neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2/WA1, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351. Mice vaccinated with our prototype vaccine NVX-CoV2373 (rS-WU1) or rS-B.1.351 alone, in combination, or as a heterologous prime boost, were protected when challenged with live SARS-CoV-2/B.1.1.7 or SARS-CoV-2/B.1.351. Virus titer was reduced to undetectable levels in the lungs post-challenge in all vaccinated mice, and Th1-skewed cellular responses were observed. A strong anamnestic response was demonstrated in baboons boosted with rS-B.1.351 approximately one year after immunization with NVX-CoV2373 (rS-WU1). An rS-B.1.351 vaccine alone or in combination with prototype rS-WU1 induced protective antibody- and cell-mediated responses that were protective against challenge with SARS-CoV-2 variant viruses.
Planning to repose long and heavy objects considering a combination of regrasp and constrained drooping
Authors: Raessa Mohamed , Wan Weiwei , Harada Kensuke 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to present a hierarchical motion planner for planning the manipulation motion to repose long and heavy objects considering external support surfaces.

Design/methodology/approach
The planner includes a task-level layer and a motion-level layer. This paper formulates the manipulation planning problem at the task level by considering grasp poses as nodes and object poses for edges. This paper considers regrasping and constrained in-hand slip (drooping) during building graphs and find mixed regrasping and drooping sequences by searching the graph. The generated sequences autonomously divide the object weight between the arm and the support surface and avoid configuration obstacles. Cartesian planning is used at the robot motion level to generate motions between adjacent critical grasp poses of the sequence found by the task-level layer.

Findings
Various experiments are carried out to examine the performance of the proposed planner. The results show improved capability of robot arms to manipulate long and heavy objects using the proposed planner.

Originality/value
The authors’ contribution is that they initially develop a graph-based planning system that reasons both in-hand and regrasp manipulation motion considering external supports. On one hand, the planner integrates regrasping and drooping to realize in-hand manipulation with external support. On the other hand, it switches states by releasing and regrasping objects when the object is in stably placed. The search graphs' nodes could be retrieved from remote cloud servers that provide a large amount of pre-annotated data to implement cyber intelligence.
Embracing the employee orientation: does customer relationship matter in brand building?
Authors: Jhamb Deepika , Kampani Nidhi , Arya Vikas 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe study aims to explore the themes responsible for employee orientation and further their role in building strong customer relationships in telecom and organized retail outlets in emerging markets.Design/methodology/approachEmploying the qualitative approach, a total of 31 in-depth interviews with customer relationship management (CRM) officers of telecom and organized outlets were carried out. Data were analysed using NVIVO-12 plus and ATLAS tools.FindingsThe analysis extracted 13 unique themes namely training and development, communication skills, convincing skills, interpersonal skills, knowledge management, grievance handling, organisation's culture development, service climate, adaptive behaviour, customer retention skills, customer profiling, trust and commitment, and suitability of employees. The results claimed that these themes can assist in building strong customer relationships. However, the extent of the significance of themes may vary for telecom and organized retail outlets.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings have vital implications for frontline employees to drive customer value as they directly involve with customers. Findings further suggest that hiring of employees according to their location and catchment area of outlets are utmost important.Originality/valueEmployee orientation is an indispensable determinant in building a sustainable relationship with customers through uniqueness and consistency in meeting customers' expectations. This is a first attempt to explore the various unique themes responsible for employee orientation and the imperative role of such themes in maintaining long-lasting customer relationships.
Brushless direct current motor with MV-PID controller management system based on arm microcontroller
Authors: Kanagaraj Prathibanandhi , Ramadoss Ramesh , Calpakkam Yaashuwanth , Basha Adam Raja 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The brushless direct current motor (BLDCM) is widely accepted and adopted by many industries instead of direct current motors due to high reliability during operation. Brushless direct current (BLDC) has outstanding efficiency as losses that arise out of voltage drops at brushes and friction losses are eliminated. The main factor that affects the performance is temperature introduced in the internal copper core windings. The control of motor speed generates high temperature in BLDC operation. The high temperature is due to presence of ripples in the operational current. The purpose is to present an effective controlling mechanism for speed management and to improve the performance of BLDCM to activate effective management of speed.

Design/methodology/approach
The purpose is to present an optimal algorithm based on modified moth-flame optimization algorithm over recurrent neural network (MMFO-RNN) for speed management to improve the performance. The core objective of the presented work is to achieve improvement in performance without affecting the design of the system with no additional circuitry. The management of speed in BLDCM has been achieved through reduction or minimization of ripples encircled with torque of the motor. The implementation ends in two stages, namely, controlling the loop of torque and controlling the loop of speed. The MMFO-RNN starts with error optimization, which arises from both the loops, and most effective values have been achieved through MMFO-RNN protocol.

Findings
The parameters are enriched with Multi Resolution Proportional Integral and Derivative (MRPID) controller operation to achieve minimal ripples for the torque of BLDC and manage the speed of the motor. The performance is increased by adopting this technique approximately 12% in comparison with the existing methodology, which is the main contributions of the presented work. The outcomes are analyzed with the existing methodologies through MATLAB Simulink tool, and the comparative analyses suggest that better performance of the proposed system produces over existing techniques, and proto type model is developed and cross verifies the proposed system.

Originality/value
The MMFO-RNN starts with error optimization, which arises from both the loops, and most effective values have been achieved through MMFO-RNN protocol. The parameters are enriched with MRPID controller operation to achieve nil or minimal ripples and to encircle the torque of Brushless Direct Current and manage the speed.
Optimized DA-reconfigurable FIR filters for software defined radio channelizer applications
Authors: Murthy C. Srinivasa , Sridevi K. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
In this paper, the authors present different methods for reconfigurable finite impulse response (RFIR) filter design. Distributed arithmetic (DA)-based reconfigurable FIR filter design is suitable for software-defined radio (SDR) applications. The main contribution of reconfiguration is reuse of registers, multipliers, adders and to optimize various parameters such as area, power dissipation, speed, throughput, latency and hardware utilizations of flip-flops and slices. Therefore, effective design of building blocks will be optimized for RFIR filter with all the above parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
The modified, direct form register structure of FIR filter contributes the reuse concept and allows utilization of less number of registers and parallel computation operations. The disadvantage of DA and other conventional methods is delay increases proportionally with filter length. This is due to different partial products generated by adders. The usage of adder and multipliers in DA-FIR filter restricts the area and power dissipation because of their complexity of generation of sum and carry bits. The hardware implementation time of an adder can be reduced by parallel prefix adder (PPA) usage based on Ling equation. PPA uses shift-add multiplication, which is a repetitive process of addition, and this process is known as Bypass Zero feed multiplicand in direct multiplication, and the proposed technique optimizes area-power product efficiently. The modified DA (MDA)-based RFIR filter is designed for 64 taps filter length (N). The design is developed by using Verilog hardware description language and implemented on field-programmable gate array. Also, this design validates SDR channel equalizer.

Findings
Both RFIR and SDR are integrated as single system and implemented on Artix-7 development board of XC7A100tCSG324 and exploited the advantages in area-delay, power-speed products and energy efficiency. The theoretical and practical comparisons have been carried out, and the results are compared with existing DA-RFIR designs in terms of throughput, latency, area-delay, power-speed products and energy efficiency, which are improved by 14.5%, 23%, 6.5%, 34.2% and 21%, respectively.

Originality/value
The DA-based RFIR filter is validated using Chipscope Pro software tool on Artix-7 FPGA in Xilinx ISE design suite and compared constraint parameters with existing state-of-art results. It is also tested the filtering operation by applying the RFIR filter on Audio signals for removal of noisy signals and it is found that 95% of noise signals are filtered effectively.
Participatory child-centered disaster risk reduction education: an innovative Chinese NGO program
Authors: Lu Yi , Wei Lai , Cao Binxin , Li Jianqiang 
Published: June 2021

PurposeDisaster risk reduction (DRR) researchers and practitioners have found that schools can play a critical role in DRR education, with many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) developing initiatives to actively involve children in DRR education programs. This paper reports on a case study on an innovative Chinese NGO school-based program focused on participatory child-centered DRR (PCC-DRR) education, from which a PCC-DRR education framework was developed so that similar programs could be replicated, especially in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachAfter nearly a year of research involving follow-up interviews, fieldwork and secondary data collection from annual reports, news reports and official websites, a case study was conducted on the PCC-DRR education program developed by the One Foundation (OF), a resource-rich NGO in China, that focused on its education strategies and project practice in Ya'an following the 2013 Lushan earthquake.FindingsBased on constructivist theory, the OF developed a PCC-DRR education program that had four specific branches: teacher capacity building, child DRR education, campus risk management and campus safety culture, which was then implemented in 115 schools and consequently evaluated as being highly effective.Originality/valueThe innovative OF PCC-DRR education program adds to theoretical and practical DRR education research as a “best practice” case. Because the proposed framework is child-centered, participatory and collaborative, it provides excellent guidance and reference for countries seeking to develop school-based DRR education programs.
What influences citizens’ expectations towards digital government? An exploratory survey
Authors: Simonofski Anthony , Clarinval Antoine , Vanderose Benoît , Dumas Bruno , Snoeck Monique 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Governments around the world engage in digitalization projects to improve their internal functioning and the delivery of information and services to their users, including citizens. There are several ways to implement this digitalization and, therefore, different roles for citizens, who can be considered as customers, as participants and as coproducers in a digital government. The purpose of this study is to identify which factors influence the roles citizens are willing to take in a digital government.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper conducted an exploratory survey in Belgium. This paper examined which factors among age, gender, occupation, education, digital literacy, government level and frequency of use of other e-services influence citizens’ roles.

Findings
Through a statistical analysis conducted on data collected from 203 citizens, this paper identifies 25 relationships between the aforementioned factors and expectations mapped to the citizens’ roles. This paper has identified relationships between expectations and government level, gender, age, occupation, use frequency of other e-services and digital literacy. On the other hand, this paper found no influence for the education level and for working in an administration.

Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the research field by providing insights into what citizens expect from digital government and exploring several relationships to be investigated in further research.

Originality/value
No previous work has asked directly to citizens which role they would be willing to take and, consequently, what expectations they have towards digital government. This paper contributes a usable survey instrument to achieve this and has demonstrated how it can be used to collect data from citizens. In doing so, this paper contributed valuable findings supporting Belgian policymakers in developing digital government policies that are aligned with citizens' expectations.
Impact of restricting access to health care services on Syrian refugees in Jordan: evidence from cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Abu Siam Ibraheem Khaled , Rubio Gómez María 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Access to health-care services for refugees are always impacted by many factors and strongly associated with population profile, nature of crisis and capacities of hosing countries. Throughout refugee’s crisis, the Jordanian Government has adopted several healthcare access policies to meet the health needs of Syrian refugees while maintaining the stability of the health-care system. The adopted health-care provision policies ranged from enabling to restricting and from affordable to unaffordable. The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of restricted level of access to essential health services among Syrian refugees in Jordan.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper used findings of a cross-sectional surveys conducted over urban Syrian refugees in Jordan in 2017 and 2018 over two different health-care access policies. The first were inclusive and affordable, whereas the other considered very restricting policy owing to high inflation in health-care cost. Access indicators from four main thematic areas were selected including maternal health, family planning, child health and monthly access of household. A comparison between both years’ access indicators was conducted to understand access barriers and its impact.

Findings
The comparison between findings of both surveys shows a sudden shift in health-care access and utilization behaviors with increased barriers level thus increased health vulnerabilities. Additionally, the finding during implementation of restricted access policy proves the tendency among some refugees groups to adopt negative adaptation strategies to reduce health-care cost. The participants shifted to use a fragmented health-care, reduced or delayed care seeking and use drugs irrationally weather by self-medication or reduce drug intake.

Originality/value
Understanding access barriers to health services and its negative short-term and long-term impact on refugees’ health status as well as the extended risks to the host communities will help states that hosting refugees building rational access policy to protect whole community and save public health gains during and post crisis. Additionally, it will support donors to better mobilize resources according to the needs while the humanitarian actors and service providers will better contribute to the public health stability during refugee’s crisis.
Analysing the predictors of the young buyers' satisfaction in the e-retailing apparel sector
Authors: Stoian Bobalca Claudia , Ţugulea Oana , Ifrim Mihaela , Maha Liviu-George 
Published: June 2021

PurposeAs satisfaction is one of the most important conditions for loyalty, this study aims to investigate the main factors affecting online satisfaction for buying clothes from the internet. In this research, the authors followed two main objectives: (1) to identify factors influencing online satisfaction and (2) to determine the importance of the main determinants that explain online satisfaction in the retailing clothing sector.Design/methodology/approachThe research combines qualitative and quantitative research methods. The authors used the focus group technique and a survey based on a questionnaire. For the first exploratory phase of the research, we conducted four focus groups with 21 women, 18–39 years old, who have at least two years experiences as online buyers and who made at least two acquisitions for clothing products in the past six months, from the same website. The purpose of this qualitative method was to understand the young women's perception about online satisfaction and to collect items to be included in the questionnaire. For the second quantitative phase of this study, the sample consisted of 241 participants. To analyse the data, two different types of inferential analysis were used: factor analysis (for identifying the factors that compose online customer satisfaction) and analysis of regression (to determine the most important factors that determine and predict online buyers' satisfaction).FindingsThe main results indicate that the significant factors determining a satisfactory experience in an e-retailing market are: good deal (savings), product expectations, customer service and website reputation.Originality/valueThe study is more relevant in the current pandemic context, when the consumer’s behaviour has changed and online shopping has substantially increased. The research can be used by companies that sell clothing on the internet and are interested in increasing their financial results and also their customers' satisfaction.