bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Use of Deep Learning with Crowdsourcing to Annotate Images
Authors: Anjum Samreen , Verma Ambika , Dang Brandon , Gurari Danna 
Published: July 2021

We investigate what, if any, benefits arise from employing hybrid algorithm-crowdsourcing approaches over conventional approaches of relying exclusively on algorithms or crowds to annotate images. We introduce a framework that enables users to investigate different hybrid workflows for three popular image analysis tasks: image classification, object detection, and image captioning. Three hybrid approaches are included that are based on having workers: (i) verify predicted labels, (ii) correct predicted labels, and (iii) annotate images for which algorithms have low confidence in their predictions. Deep learning algorithms are employed in these workflows since they offer high performance for image annotation tasks. Each workflow is evaluated with respect to annotation quality and worker time to completion on images coming from three diverse datasets (i.e., VOC, MSCOCO, VizWiz). Inspired by our findings, we offer recommendations regarding when and how to employ deep learning with crowdsourcing to achieve desired quality and efficiency for image annotation.
Sustainable Practices Improving the University Campus: Feasibility of A Photovoltaic System
Authors: Menezes Jandira , Cury J.C. , Souza L.M. 
Published: July 2021

This article aimed to discuss the principles of sustainability applied to the built environment, highlighting the importance of universities as replicators of these practices. To respond to a demand from the campus for more security in the energy supply, the work proposes the implementation of a solar photovoltaic energy system. For this, it carried out an economic viability analysis through bibliographic review activities, characterization of the study area, dimensioning of photovoltaic systems, budgets, cost analysis and payback calculation. The research evaluated the system’s implementation considering two energy demands, for the entire campus and for a smaller building. It was found that the CSL-UFSJ consumes, on average, 27,300.38 kWh, at a cost of US$ 2,736. Thus, an annual savings of US$ 32,833 is calculated. The cost estimate analyzes showed a value of US$ 139,784 for the implementation of the system. The return on investment time was calculated for 4.3 and 4.9 years considering simple and discounted Payback respectively.It is estimated that the consumption of the DECEB building is 13,187.1 kWh with a cost of US$ 1,322 per month, which results in an annual savings of US$ 15,860. The cost estimate analyzes showed a value of US$ 40.601 for the implementation of the system and values of 4.3 and 4.9 years were obtained as return on investment time considering the calculations for simple and discounted Payback, respectively. The research demonstrates that the implementation of the photovoltaic solar energy generation system is feasible for both cases analyzed.
Hemoglobin A1c Patterns of Youth With Type 1 Diabetes 10 Years Post Diagnosis From 3 Continents
Authors: Sherr Jennifer L. , Schwandt Anke , Phelan Helen , Clements Mark A. , Holl Reinhard W. , Benitez-Aguirre Paul Z. , Miller Kellee M. , Woelfle Joachim , Dover Thomas , Maahs David M. , Fröhlich-Reiterer Elke , Craig Maria E. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES
Distinct hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trajectories during puberty are identified in youth with established type 1 diabetes (T1D). We used data from 3 international registries to evaluate whether distinct HbA1c trajectories occur from T1D onset.

METHODS
Participants were &lt;18 years old at diagnosis with at least 1 HbA1c measured within 12 months post diagnosis, along with ≥3 duration-year–aggregated HbA1c values over 10 years of follow-up. Participants from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network (n = 7292), the German-Austrian-Luxembourgian-Swiss diabetes prospective follow-up initiative (Diabetes Patienten Verlaufsdokumentation) (n = 39 226) and the US-based Type 1 Diabetes Exchange Clinic Registry (n = 3704) were included. With group-based trajectory modeling, we identified unique HbA1c patterns from the onset of T1D.

RESULTS
Five distinct trajectories occurred in all 3 registries, with similar patterns of proportions by group. More than 50% had stable HbA1c categorized as being either low stable or intermediate stable. Conversely, ∼15% in each registry were characterized by stable HbA1c &gt;8.0% (high stable), and ∼11% had values that began at or near the target but then increased (target increase). Only ∼5% of youth were above the target from diagnosis, with an increasing HbA1c trajectory over time (high increase). This group differed from others, with higher rates of minority status and an older age at diagnosis across all 3 registries (P ≤ .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Similar postdiagnostic HbA1c patterns were observed across 3 international registries. Identifying the youth at the greatest risk for deterioration in HbA1c over time may allow clinicians to intervene early, and more aggressively, to avert increasing HbA1c.
Relation Between Syntax Score and Complexity of Carotid Artery Disease
Authors: ERDOĞAN Mehtap , AKDEMİR Ramazan , VATAN Mehmet Bülent 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Carotid artery disease may cause severe constriction or complete occlusion in carotid arteries, it may not give any symptoms until it appears. In some people, stroke is the first finding of the disease. One of the most important causes of stroke is carotid artery stenosis and atherosclerosis causes a total of one third of the stroke.
Atherosclerosis; It is a specific finding of both coronary and carotid artery disease.The relationship between carotid atherosclerotic diasease and coronary artery disease (CAD) have been in previous reports
Aim: In this study, we aimed to show the relationship between the severity of the carotid artery stenosis(CAS) determined by angiography and the anatomical complexity of CAD assessed by SYNTAX Score (SS).
Material and Methods: Our study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki Principles by obtaining the ethics committee approval dated 09.06.17 and numbered E.8640.
A total of 45 patients with simultaneously carotid and coronary angiography performed were included in our study. SS, a marker of CAD complexity, was determined by dedicated computer software. The patients were divided into two groups according to the classification of SS: low SS (n=33, SS
Fish farm effluent as a nutrient source for algae biomass cultivation
Authors: Enwereuzoh Uzochukwu O. , Harding Kevin G. , Low Michelle 
Published: July 2021

One of the challenges of microalgae biotechnology is the cost of growth media nutrients, with microalgae consuming enormous quantities of fertilisers, more than other oil crops. The traditional use of synthetic fertilisers in mass cultivation of microalgae is associated with rising prices of crude oil and competition from traditional agriculture. The fact that fish farm wastewater (FFW) nutrients are released in the form preferred by microalgae (NH3 for nitrogen and PO4-3 for phosphate), and the ability of microalgae to use nitrogen from different sources, can be exploited by using fish farm effluent rich in nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the cultivation of cheaper microalgae biomass for production of biodiesel. The cultivation of algae biomass in FFW will also serve as wastewater treatment. We reviewed the benefits and potential of fish effluent in algae cultivation for the production of biodiesel. Microalgae can utilise nutrients in FFW for different applications desirable for the production of biomass, including the accumulation of lipids, and produce a fuel with desirable properties. Also, treating wastewater and reducing demand for fresh water are advantageous. The high lipid content and comparable biodiesel properties of Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus obliquus make both species viable for FFW cultivation for biodiesel production.
Significance:

The cost associated with microalgae growth media nutrients can be saved by using fish farm wastewater, which contains nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) suitable for microalgae cultivation.
Fish farm wastewater has lower nutrient concentrations when compared to standard growth media suitable for higher lipid accumulation.
Microalgae used as a biodiesel feedstock, cultivated in fish farm wastewater, has added benefits, including wastewater treatment.
Антиабортная повестка в консервативном дискурсе современной России: идеологические кампании, правовые инициативы и региональные практики
Authors: Чернова Жанна Владимировна , Шпаковская Лариса Леонидовна 
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматриваются процессы консервативной мобилизации в России в 2000-2010 гг. как разворачивания пропагандистских идеологических кампаний, направленных на решение демографических проблем, прежде всего на увеличение рождаемости, с использованием консервативной риторики традиционной семьи, традиционных ценностей и традиционных гендерных ролей. Основным исследовательским фокусом статьи является дискурс об абортах. Государственная антиабортная пропаганда рассматриваются как «лакмусовая бумажка» происходящих процессов ретрадиционализации государственной идеологии и инструментов регулирования репродукции и сексуальности. Анализируя законодательные и региональные инициативы антиабортной направленности, авторы выделяют набор основных действующих публичных акторов регионального и федерального уровня, а также используемую ими риторику. В статье показано, что начиная с 2000-х годов одним из ведущих акторов, выступающих за отмену права на аборт, является Русская православная церковь (РПЦ). На федеральном уровне присутствуют публичные акторы, которые сдерживают принятие антиабортного законодательства и разворачивают последовательную критику противоабортной риторики. В то время как на региональном уровне акторы – проводники консервативной мобилизации более эффективно опираются на государственную поддержку, не встречая заметной критики в свой адрес. Содержательно антиабортная риторика вписана в дискурс демографических проблем и сокращения численности населения как угрозы национальной безопасности страны. Она нацелена на регулирование поведения граждан в сфере интимности, их телесности и морального облика, таким образом представляя собой вариант биополитики в терминах Мишеля Фуко. В этом смысле конечной целью консервативной мобилизации являются управляемые граждане, индоктринированные идеологией традиционно семейного образа жизни и многодетности.
В ответе ли мы за свое здоровье? Неравенство возможностей в здоровье взрослого населения России
Authors: Карцева Марина Анатольевна , Кузнецова Полина Олеговна 
Published: July 2021

В работе проанализирован вклад неравенства возможностей в неравенство в здоровье населения России в возрасте от 25 до 74 лет. Эмпирической основой исследования являются национально репрезентативные данные РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ за 2018 г.
В качестве индикатора здоровья использована самооценка состояния здоровья (пятибалльная шкала). Стартовые возможности индивида в работе охарактеризованы образованием родителей и местом рождения (страна, тип поселения). Вектор собственных усилий человека по сохранению здоровья включает уровень образования, отказ от курения и занятия физкультурой.
Для анализа влияния стартовых возможностей на состояние здоровья индивида используется методика, предложенная в работе (Trannoy et al. 2010), которая позволяет учесть как прямой, так и посреднический (через влияние на усилия) эффекты. С помощью регрессионного анализа показано, что при прочих равных стартовые возможности оказывают значимое влияние на здоровье индивидов. В частности, образование родителей положительно отражается на самооценке здоровья. Рождение в другой стране, другом населенном пункте и рождение в городской местности, наоборот, снижают показатель самооценки здоровья. Данное наблюдение позволяет сделать вывод о наличии несправедливого неравенства в здоровье, т. е. неравенства, обусловленного факторами, независящими от собственных усилий человека.
Количественная оценка неравенства возможностей в здоровье сделана с помощью непараметрического подхода (Checchi, Peragine 2010; Lazar 2013). По нашим расчетам вклад неравенства возможностей в неравенство в здоровье составляет 72-74% для населения в целом, будучи несколько выше для женщин (62-74 и 60-69% для мужчин и женщин соответственно) и для лиц старшей возрастной группы (59-62 и 67-75% для групп 25-44 и 45-74 года соответственно). Полученные оценки сопоставимы с результатами для других стран и свидетельствуют о значимости проблемы неравенства возможностей в здоровье в России.
La biblioteca de José Álvarez de Toledo, XI marqués de Villafranca y duque consorte de Alba. Estudio y transcripción
Authors: Precioso Izquierdo Francisco , Beltrán Corbalán Domingo 
Published: July 2021

RESUMENEl principal objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer la edición del catálogo de libros propiedad de José Álvarez de Toledo (1756-1796), XI marqués de Villafranca y duque consorte de Alba: el catálogo de 1796, conservado en el Archivo General de la Fundación Casa Medina Sidonia (leg. 66). Junto a la transcripción, se analiza en detalle el contenido más significativo del fondo bibliográfico del aristócrata, el proceso de formación de la librería, el número y formato de las obras y los temas predominantes entre las 1.650 entradas recogidas en el documento.PALABRAS CLAVEBiblioteca; Aristocracia; José Álvarez de Toledo; Casa Medina Sidonia. TITLEThe library of José Álvarez de Toledo, XI Marquis of Villafranca and Duke consort of Alba. Study and transcriptionABSTRACTThis work offers an edition of José Álvarez de Toledo’s (1756-1796), 11th Marquis of Villafranca and jure uxoris Duke of Alba, 1796 book catalogue, currently preserved at the Archivo General de la Fundación Casa Medina Sidonia (leg. 66). Together with the catalogue transcription, we provide a detailed analysis of its bibliographical content, looking at the number, format and main themes of the 1,650 works here gathered, as well as a description of how the library was formed and established.KEY WORDSLibrary; Aristocracy; José Álvarez de Toledo; Casa Medina Sidonia.
Should panniculectomy be applied with ventral hernia repair in a single session?
Authors: KIRMIZI Serdar , HÜSEYİNOĞLU Emil 
Published: July 2021

simultaneous panniculectomy applications in ventral hernia repair increases postoperative morbidity rates.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out retrospectively between January 2018 and December 2020. The patients were evaluated in terms of sex, age, body mass index, accompanying diseases, hernia type and size, abdominal surgery history, ASA value (American Society of Anesthesiology), postoperative complications, hospitalization, and follow-up durations. Post-operative complications were evaluated according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.
Results: It was determined that 14 patients underwent simultaneous panniculectomy and ventral hernia repair (Group 1), while 27 patients underwent sole ventral hernia repair (Group 2). In Group 1, the hernia defect area was approximately 6.25-fold higher. In patients with a panniculectomy, hospitalization time was significantly longer. The median follow-up period was 8.5 months (2-14) in Group 1, and 14 months in Group 2 (3-36). In multiple linear regression analyses, only the effect hernia defect area was significant on the hospitalization time. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of complications and hernia recurrence.
Conclusion: Simultaneous panniculectomy applications in ventral hernia repairs do not increase the rate of complications and hernia recurence. A simultaneous panniculectomy application can be applied safely to patients who want to “eliminate” both of their problems in a single session.
The comparison of the efficacy of the single shot spin echo, fiesta, and propeller T 2 - weighted MRI sequences in the detection of focal liver lesions
Authors: AKIN Mehmet , YILMAZ Cengiz , GÜLEK Bozkurt , KAYA Ömer , DILEK Okan , SÖKER Gökhan 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the signal characteristics of liver lesions and the difference between interpreters in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-PROPELLER, T2-FIESTA, and T2-SSFSE sequences.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed with upper abdominal MR images examined between January 2014-July 2016 at Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. Liver lesions with a diameter of 5 mm or more were taken into consideration, there was no upper limit on lesion size. Up to 4 lesions were evaluated in patients with more than one liver lesion. Focal liver lesions were categorized into 5 groups according to signal properties. The interpreters blindly evaluated the sequences, without priorly knowing if the patients had liver lesions or not.
Results: 301 lesions were included in the study. 63 (36%) of the patients were males, while 110 (64%) were females. The ages of the patients varied between 19 and 90 years. 40 (13.3%) of the lesions were malignant, while 261 (86.7%) were benign. Of the 301 lesions, 148 (49.2%) were hemangiomas, 90 (29.9%) were cysts, and 32 (10.6%) were metastases. In comparison of signal characteristics of lesions, the intraclass correlation coefficient of the repeated measurement analysis was found to be 0.962.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in characterizing the signal characteristic of the lesions between the sequences.
Effect of dysmenorrhea severity on social and school lives of high school students
Authors: TAŞ Ferdane , ZİNCİR Handan 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Dysmenorrhea can lead to school absenteeism by negatively affecting individuals' productivity, working and life quality, and school performance. This study examined the effects of the frequency and severity of dysmenorrhea in high school students on their social and school life.
Materials and Methods: The universe of this study, a cross-sectional design, consists of 5734 female students who attended the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades between July 2016 and March 2017. One thousand five hundred students were chosen by random sampling method. The study data were collected by face-to-face interview using Descriptive Information, Visual Analog Scale, and Dysmenorrhea Diagnosis Form.
Results: It was determined that 87.6% of the students experienced pain during menstruation, and 61.9% of these students had primary dysmenorrhea. It was determined that the severity of pain and duration of attendance experienced by the students during this period negatively affected school attendance, social life, and daily life.
Conclusion: It was ascertained that primary dysmenorrhea, experienced widely by students, negatively impacts their social and school lives.
Quetiapine abuse in illicit drug users or dealers: to screen or not to screen?
Authors: Gören İsmail Ethem , Dağlıoğlu Nebile 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: Abuse of psychoactive drugs for therapeutic purposes is becoming more common due to their addiction potential. In many studies, quetiapine has been reported to be abused with illicit drugs. We aimed to point to the abuse and addiction potential of quetiapine by the rates of quetiapine abuse in blood samples of 4293 cases who came to our Forensic Toxicology Laboratory by using LC/MS/MS method.
Methods: All cases who were caught by law enforcement officers while using or trading drugs as a requirement of the judicial process initiated were drug users or dealers and then they were brought to our forensic toxicology laboratory to obtain blood and urine samples. Quantification in blood samples was performed in routine laboratory analysis. The cases were asked whether they used any prescription drugs. The therapeutic drug users were excluded in this study.
Results: Quetiapine was positive in 50 of 4293 cases (1.16 %). 93.8 % (n=4028) the all of the cases and all of the positive quetiapine were male. While quetiapine was used alone in 11 of 50 cases with quetiapine positivity, quetiapine was used simultaneously with one or more group of illicit drugs in the remaining 39 cases.
Conclusions: In this study, the most common use of cannabis and quetiapine was determined in cases with drugs of abuse. The monitoring of quetiapine is essential for preventing drug abuse especially in prone population such as illicit drug abusers and addicts. Forensic Toxicology Laboratories play an important role in taking necessary preventions related drug abuse.
Appraisal and discernment of prevalent drug-drug interactions in patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Jacob Axa , Thomas Cristin Simon , Deore Anay , Deshpande Prasanna 
Published: July 2021

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) contribute majorly to hospital admissions, treatment failures, avoidable medical complications and subsequent healthcare costs. Thus, we employ a mechanistic approach to prospectively investigate the incidence of potential DDIs in the psychiatric patients in a clinical setting.Methods: In this prospective, observational, multi centred study conducted for a span of 6 months, psychiatric inpatients (≥18 years) prescribed with 2 or more medications daily for any medical illness were included. The secured prescriptions of the inpatients selected in accordance to the inclusion criteria were then assessed for DDIs using Micromedex(TM) as a standard.Results: Of the total 400 enrolled participants, 383 (95%) of them showed at least one pDDI regardless of the severity. An average of 7.33 interactions per patient was also deduced. A high prevalence of pDDIs totalling to 2900 was recorded in our study with an average of 7.33 interactions per patient. Most of the interactions were of major (56.52%) and moderate severity (39.07) followed by contraindicated (2.55) and minor (1.83). Cardiovascular system (41.77%) had the highest potential to be affected due to the pDDIs identified. Trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, promethazine, amisulpride, risperidone, divalproex, trifluoperazine, olanzapine and clozapine where among the most commonly encountered drugs in these interactions.Conclusions: A high prevalence of pDDIs totalling to 2900 was recorded in our study with an average of 7.33 interactions per patient. A significant association of the pDDIs with variables such as age, gender, diagnosis and total number of drugs used was identified. More studies are required to explore the overall pattern of DDIs in psychiatric patients along with their levels and correlation with different risk factors. Careful monitoring and documentation are necessary to prevent further complications thereby improving the therapeutic outcome.
Study of association of socio-demographic characteristics with the knowledge about sex determination and preconception and prenatal diagnostic technique act among pregnant women
Authors: Dwivedi Seema , Gupta Garima , Kumari Sudha , Sharma Bandana 
Published: July 2021

Background: Preconception and prenatal diagnostic technique Act was amended in year 2003 which provides for prohibition of sex selection before and after conception and for regulation of prenatal diagnostic technique.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in antenatal ward of GSVM Medical College Kanpur during the period of January to December 2019. A total of 2500 pregnant women were included and predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to get information regarding socio-demographic details of pregnant women. They were asked regarding the knowledge and attitude towards the PC-PNDT Act. Data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft excel and SPSS-12. Results: In the present study, out of 2500 women, 2125 (85%) knew about sex determination while 125 (5%) knew about PNDT Act. There was significant association of occupation, education and annual income with knowledge. Majority of women know about PC-PNDT act from health staff and ultrasonography was the main technique they know to detect sex determination. Conclusions: The falling ratio of girl child is a matter of grave concern. Effective implementation of the PNDT Act in addition to spreading awareness about this act among people is the need of the hour. Educating the community will prevent the decline in sex ratio and female feticide through PC-PNDT Act.