bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Seasonal Structure of Bacterial Communities Within Alpine Vineyards: Trentino as a Case Study.
Authors: Guzzon Raffaele , Bertoldi Daniela , Roman Tomas , Zanzotti Roberto , Franciosi Elena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bacterial microbiota has a fundamental role in determining the fitness of a grapevine, the composition of grapes and the features of wines but, at present, little information is available. In this work, the bacterial microbiota that colonizes the different portions of a grapevine (bark, leaves and grapes) was explored in the vineyards of the Alpine region of Trentino, considering the impact of different environmental and agronomical variables. The six vineyards included in the work were identified considering different geographical positions, vine training systems and agronomical approaches, to explore the whole variability of the vine ecosystem. Moreover, the surface amount of copper was measured on grapes and leaves during the vegetative growth, to test its relation with microbiota development. Microbiological assays, performed using plate counts and Illumina MiSeq, started in May until October revealing an increase in the concentration of grape microbiota proportional to the ripening. Conversely, the peak of bacterial concentration onto leaves and bark occurred in August, probably due to the more favorable environmental conditions. In bark samples, the microbiota reached the 7 log UFC/cm2, while 6 log UFC/g were measured in grape samples. A remarkable biodiversity was observed, with 47 genera/species of bacteria present. The presence of the main microbial groups (Alphaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae, Clostriadiales, Oscillospira, Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidales) was ubiquitous in vineyards, but differences in terms of relative abundance were observed according to the period, altitude of vineyard and training system. Bacteria having oenological implication (Lactobacillus, Pediococcus and Oenococcus) were detected only in grape samples collected in August. The data revealed a complex bacterial ecosystem inside the vineyard that, while maintaining common traits, evolves according to environmental and agronomical inputs. This study contributes to define the role of bacteria in the complex balance established in each vineyard between human actions and agricultural environment, known as terroir.
High-Performance Photodetectors Based on Lateral Monolayer MoS2/WS2 Heterojunctions
Authors: Li Caihong , Zhu Juntong , Du Wen , Huang Yixuan , Xu Hao , Zhai Zhengang , Zou Guifu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) show promising potential for next-generation optoelectronics due to excellent light capturing and photodetection capabilities. Photodetectors, as important components of sensing, imaging and communication systems, are able to perceive and convert optical signals to electrical signals. Herein, the large-area and high-quality lateral monolayer MoS2/WS2 heterojunctions were synthesized via the one-step liquid-phase chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach. Systematic characterization measurements have verified good uniformity and sharp interfaces of the channel materials. As a result, the photodetectors enhanced by the photogating effect can deliver competitive performance, including responsivity of ~ 567.6 A/W and detectivity of ~ 7.17 x 1011 Jones. In addition, the 1/f noise obtained from the current power spectrum is adverse to the development of photodetectors, which is considered as originating from charge carrier trapping/detrapping. Therefore, this work may contribute to efficient optoelectronic devices based on lateral monolayer TMD heterostructures.
Periodic and non-periodic stacking in molybdenite (MoS2) revealed by STEM
Authors: Yang Yiping , He Hongping , Xian Haiyang , Xi Jiaxin , Wu Xiao , Chen Aiqing , Zhu Jianxi , Xu Huifang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Polytypism is a typical feature of layered minerals with differences only in stacking sequences. There is no obvious “phase” boundary among different polytypes, although the frequency of polytypes occurrence is related to its crystallization environment. In the past decades, X-ray studies of molybdenite specimens from a variety of geological environments have revealed that most molybdenite crystals contain both 2H1 (hexagonal) and 3R (rhombohedral) polytypes. However, the stacking sequences of these molybdenite polytypic intergrowths and their formation mechanism are not well understood. Here, we report stacking faults and domains of long-period polytypes identified by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) in a molybdenite sample from a carbonatite vein in the Huanglongpu Mo-Pb ore deposit in Qinling orogenic belt, Northern China. Several layers of disordered domains intergrown with ordered 2H1 domain were recognized based on the contrast in HAADF image with one-dimensional lattice fringes. In addition, a 30-layer long-period polytype was unambiguously identified by a STEM image. The stacking sequences of 4-, 6-, and 8-layer disordered domains and the 30-layer long-period polytype were further examined using HRSTEM images at the atomic resolution. A 2H3 polytype with three repetitions was also discovered in the sample. We propose that non-equilibrium conditions related to the fluctuation of fluid composition during crystallization resulted in the oscillation of 2H1 and 3R polytypes and intergrowth of various disordered domains. More broadly, our study demonstrates that HAADF-STEM imaging method may be applicable for studying other disordered layered crystals and twinned minerals.
PENGARUH KINERJA LINGKUNGAN, PENGUNGKAPAN LINGKUNGAN, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGEMBALIAN SAHAM: STUDI EMPIRIS DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Wiweko Hidayah 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kinerja lingkungan, pengungkapan lingkungan dan profitabilitas terhadap return saham. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja lingkungan, pengungkapan lingkungan dan profitabilitas. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah return saham. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sektor manufaktur yang memperoleh peringkat PROPER dan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2015-2018 sebanyak 42 perusahaan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi berganda dan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel kinerja lingkungan, pengungkapan lingkungan dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham.Kata Kunci: return saham, kinerja lingkungan, pengungkapan lingkungan, profitabilitas ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of environmental performance, environmental disclosure and profitability on stock return. The independent variables in this study are environmental performance, environmental disclosure, profitability. The dependent variable in this study is stock return. The population in this study is the manufacturing sector which received a PROPER rating and was listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2018 as many as 42 companies. The sample in this study was taken using a purposive sampling method. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics, classic assumption tests, multiple regression analysis and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that environmental performance, environmental disclosure and profitability variables have a significant effect on stock returns.Keywords: stock return, environmental performance, environmental disclosure, profitability
Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in healthcare facilities of 14 low- and middle-income countries: to what extent is WASH implemented and what are the ‘drivers’ of improvement in their service levels?
Authors: Kmentt Laura , Cronk Ryan , Tidwell James Benjamin , Rogers Elliott 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrevention and control of healthcare-associated infections through the provision of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in healthcare facilities (HCF) is inadequate in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in high patient morbidity and mortality, additional costs, and increased risk of antibiotic resistance. There is little evidence describing factors leading to improved WASH conditions in LMICs. We aim to identify the extent to which WASH is implemented in HCFs in LMICs and understand the ‘drivers’ of improvement in their service levels. WASH service levels in 14 LMICs were descriptively analysed, and potential drivers of service-level differences were explored using univariable and multivariable mixed-model logistic regression analyses. Descriptive analysis showed a lack of adequate water quality, sanitation, hand, and environmental hygiene, and waste disposal. We found that the presence of infection prevention and control protocols (IPCPs), having an IPC/WASH focal person at the facility, and conducting WASH training for staff were associated with higher levels of WASH services. This study demonstrates a lack of basic WASH services in HCF in LMICs. We show that there are potential interventions, such as implementing IPCPs, identifying WASH leaders in HCF, and conducting training that may lead to service improvements.
Hydrological probabilistic forecasting based on deep learning and Bayesian optimization algorithm
Authors: Bai Haijun , Li Guanjun , Liu Changming , Li Bin , Zhang Zhendong , Qin Hui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Obtaining accurate runoff prediction results and quantifying the uncertainty of the forecasting are critical to the planning and management of water resources. However, the strong randomness of runoff makes it difficult to predict. In this study, a hybrid model based on XGBoost (XGB) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) with Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) is proposed for runoff probabilistic forecasting. XGB is first used to obtain point prediction results, which can guarantee the accuracy of forecast. Then, GPR is constructed to obtain runoff probability prediction results. To make the model show better performance, the hyper-parameters of the model are optimized by BOA. Finally, the proposed hybrid model XGB-GPR-BOA is applied to four runoff prediction cases in the Yangtze River Basin, China and compared with eight state-of-the-art runoff prediction methods from three aspects: point prediction accuracy, interval prediction suitability and probability prediction comprehensive performance. The experimental results show that the proposed model can obtain high-precision point prediction, appropriate prediction interval and reliable probabilistic prediction results on the runoff prediction problems.
CuO as efficient photo catalyst for photocatalytic decoloration of wastewater containing Azo dyes
Authors: Ramesh Martha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were prepared via a chemical precipitation method using the precursor of copper (II) nitrate trihydrate. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the CuO NPs were a monoclinic crystal structure. The energy band gap of CuO NPs was found to be about 1.76 eV. The obtained CuO NPs were used as a photo catalyst to decolorize various dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), acid yellow 23 (AY 23) and reactive black 5 (RB 5), with a low concentration in the presence of visible light. The results show that the highest decolorization achieved was 67.8% and 66.3% for RB-5 dye and AY-23 dye, while 43.5% for MB dye from aqueous solution at 5 h illumination. The obtained CuO NPs were used as a photo catalyst to decolorize various dyes, RB-5, AY-23 and MB dye obeys pseudo first order kinetics with values of −0.112, −0.174 and −0.201 h−1, respectively.
Nitric Oxide and Immune Responses in Cancer: Searching for New Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Sahebnasagh Adeleh , Saghafi Fatemeh , Negintaji Sina , Hu Tingyan , Shabani-Borujeni Mojtaba , Safdari Mohammadreza , Ghaleno Hassan Rezai , Miao Lingchao , Qi Yaping , Wang Mingfu , Liao Pan , Sureda Antoni , Simal-Gándara Jesus , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad , Xiao Jianbo 
Published: July 2021

:In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in understanding the mysterious functions of nitric oxide (NO) and how this pleiotropic signaling molecule contributes to tumorigenesis. This review attempts to expose and discuss the information available on the immunomodulatory role of NO in cancer and recent approaches to the role of NO donors in the area of immunotherapy. To address the goal, the following databases were searched to identify relevant literature concerning empirical evidence: The Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Medline, and EMBASE from 1980 through March 2020. Valuable attempts have been made to develop distinctive NO-based cancer therapy. Although the data do not allow generalization, the evidence seems to indicate that low/moderate levels may favor tumorigenesis, while higher levels would exert antitumor effects. In this sense, the use of NO donors could have an important therapeutic potential within immunotherapy, although there are still no clinical trials. The emerging understanding of NO-regulated immune responses in cancer may help unravel the recent features of this “doubleedged sword” in cancer physiological and pathologic processes and its potential use as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. In short, in this review, we discuss the complex cellular mechanism in which NO, as a pleiotropic signaling molecule, participates in cancer pathophysiology. We also debate the dual role of NO in cancer and tumor progression and clinical approaches for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) based therapy against cancer.
Insights into the Mechanism of the Therapeutic Potential of Herbal
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Neurological Diseases
Authors: Mannan Ashi , Singh Thakur Gurjeet , Singh Varinder , Garg Nikhil , Kaur Amarjot , Singh Manjinder 
Published: July 2021

:
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of
monoamines and other proteins. MAO’s hyperactivation results in the massive generation of reactive
oxygen species, which leads to a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease,
Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and depression-like disorders.
Although synthetic MAO inhibitors are clinically available, they are associated with side effects
such as hepatotoxicity, cheese reaction, hypertensive crisis, and so on, necessitating the investigation
of alternative MAO inhibitors from a natural source with a safe profile. Herbal medications
have a significant impact on the prevention of many diseases; additionally, they have fewer
side effects and serve as a precursor for drug development. This review discusses the potential of
herbal MAO inhibitors as well as their associated mechanism of action, with an aim to foster future
research on herbal MAO inhibitors as a potential treatment for neurological diseases.
Lipidomics as Tools for Finding Biomarkers of Intestinal Pathology: From
Irritable Bowel Syndrome to Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Moreno Lorena Ortega , Sánchez Pilar Navarro , Abalo Raquel 
Published: July 2021

:
Lipidomics is an emerging and promising omic that analyzes different lipid molecules in
a biological sample. It is considered as a branch of metabolomics, which is defined as the comprehensive
analysis of metabolites in a biological specimen. Nonetheless, in recent years lipidomics is
being considered a distinct discipline in the biomedicine field. Lipids play important roles in many
biological pathways and could work as biomarkers of disease or as therapeutic targets for treatment
diseases. The major lipidomics strategies are shotgun lipidomics and liquid chromatography coupled
with mass spectrometry. Gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory
bowel disease are chronic diseases that need non-invasive biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis.
Even more, patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at a significantly increased risk
of colorectal cancer, principally resulting from the pro-neoplastic effects of chronic intestinal inflammation.
Current screening methods utilized globally include sigmoidoscopy, or standard
colonoscopy but it is important to develop non-invasive and accurate screening tools to facilitate
early detection and precise staging of colorectal cancer. Disease progression and response to treatment
may benefit also from the application of these potential new tools. This review is focused on
studies that use lipidomics approaches to discover potential biomarkers for monitoring the mentioned
intestinal diseases and, particularly, tumour progression.
Identification of Gene Signature Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
by Integrating Mutation and Expression Data
Authors: Cheng Liang , Zhu Zijun , Han Xudong 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease. The molecular diagnosis
should be helpful for the treatment of T2DM patients. With the development of sequencing
technology, a large number of differentially expressed genes were identified from expression data.
However, the method of machine learning can only identify the local optimal solution as the signature.

Objective:
The mutation information obtained by inheritance can better reflect the relationship between
genes and diseases. Therefore, we need to integrate mutation information to more accurately
identify the signature.

Methods:
To this end, we integrated Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data and expression
data, combined with expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) technology to get T2DM predictive
signature (T2DMSig-10). Firstly, we used GWAS data to obtain a list of T2DM susceptible loci.
Then, we used eQTL technology to obtain risk Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and combined
with the pancreatic β-cells gene expression data to obtain 10 protein-coding genes. Next, we
combined these genes with equal weights.

Results:
After Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), single-gene removal and increase method, gene
ontology function enrichment and protein-protein interaction network were used to verify the results showed
that T2DMSig-10 had an excellent predictive effect on T2DM (AUC=0.99), and was highly robust.

Conclusion:
In short, we obtained the predictive signature of T2DM, and further verified it.
Organic Cation Transporters are Involved in Fluoxetine Transport Across
the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vivo and In Vitro.
Authors: Wei Yang , Wang Min , Sun Yingying , Hu Bingying , He Zhisheng , Chen Shanshan , Qi Dake , An Hai 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The research and development of drugs for the treatment of central nervous
system diseases faces many challenges at present. One of the most important questions to be
answered is, how does the drug cross the blood-brain barrier to get to the target site for pharmacological
action. Fluoxetine is widely used in clinical antidepressant therapy. However, the mechanism
by which fluoxetine passes through the BBB also remains unclear. Under physiological pH
conditions, fluoxetine is an organic cation with a relatively small molecular weight (<500), which
is in line with the substrate characteristics of organic cation transporters (OCTs). Therefore, this
study aimed to investigate the interaction of fluoxetine with OCTs at the BBB and BBB-associated
efflux transporters. This is of great significance for fluoxetine to better treat depression. Moreover,
it can provide a theoretical basis for clinical drug combination.

Methods:
In vitro BBB model was developed using human brain microvascular endothelial cells
(hCMEC/D3), and the cellular accumulation was tested in the presence or absence of transporter inhibitors.
In addition, an in vivo trial was performed in rats to investigate the effect of OCTs on the
distribution of fluoxetine in the brain tissue. Fluoxetine concentration was determined by a validated
UPLC-MS/MS method.

Results:
The results showed that amantadine (an OCT1/2 inhibitor) and prazosin (an OCT1/3 inhibitor)
significantly decreased the cellular accumulation of fluoxetine (P <.001). Moreover, we
found that N-methylnicotinamide (an OCT2 inhibitor) significantly inhibited the cellular uptake of
100 and 500 ng/mL fluoxetine (P <.01 and P <.05 respectively). In contrast, corticosterone (an OCT3
inhibitor) only significantly inhibited the cellular uptake of 1000 ng/mL fluoxetine (P <.05).
The P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, verapamil, and the multidrug resistance associated proteins
(MRPs) inhibitor, MK571, significantly decreased the cellular uptake of fluoxetine. However, intracellular
accumulation of fluoxetine was not significantly changed when fluoxetine was incubated
with the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibitor Ko143. Furthermore, in vivo experiments
proved that corticosterone and prazosin significantly inhibited the brain-plasma ratio of fluoxetine
at 5.5 h and 12 h, respectively.

Conclusion:
OCTs might play a significant role in the transport of fluoxetine across the BBB. In
addition, P-gp, BCRP, and MRPs seemed not to mediate the efflux transport of fluoxetine.
Recent Advances in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug
Delivery Applications
Authors: Abu-Dief Ahmed M. , Nafady Ayman , Alsehli Mosa , Al-Enizi Abdullah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract:
Nanotechnology provides the means to design and fabricate delivery vehicles capable of
overcoming physiologically imposed obstacles and undesirable side effects of systemic drug delivery.
This protocol allows maximal targeting effectiveness and therefore enhances therapeutic efficiency.
In recent years, Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNPs) have sparked interest in
nanomedicine research community, particularly for their promising applications in cancer treatment.
The intrinsic physio-chemical stability, facile functionalization, high surface area, low toxicity,
and great loading capacity for a wide range of chemotherapeutic agents make MSNPs very appealing
candidates for controllable drug delivery systems. Importantly, the peculiar nanostructures
of MSNPs enabled them to serve as an effective drug, gene, protein and antigen delivery vehicle
for a variety of therapeutic regimens. For these reasons, in this review article, we underscore the recent
progress in the design and synthesis of MSNPs along with the parameters influencing their
characteristic features and activities. In addition, the process of absorption, dissemination and secretion
by injection or oral management of MSNPs are also discussed, as they are key directions for
potential utilization of MSNPs. Factors influencing the in vivo fate of MSNPs will also be highlighted,
with a main focus on particle size, morphology, porosity, surface functionality and oxidation.
Given that combining other functional materials with MSNPs may increase their biological
compatibility, monitor drug discharge, or improve absorption by tumor cells coated MSNPs; these
aspects are also covered and discussed herein.