bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paired maternal and fetal metabolomics reveal a differential fingerprint in preeclampsia versus fetal growth restriction
Authors: Youssef Lina , Simões Rui V. , Miranda Jezid , García-Martín María Luisa , Paules Cristina , Crovetto Francesca , Amigó Nuria , Cañellas Nicolau , Gratacos Eduard , Crispi Fatima 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both placenta-mediated disorders with unclear pathogenesis. Metabolomics of maternal and fetal pairs might help in understanding these disorders. We recruited prospectively pregnancies with normotensive FGR, PE without FGR, PE + FGR and uncomplicated pregnancies as controls. Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics were applied on plasma samples collected at delivery. Advanced lipoprotein, glycoprotein and choline profiling was performed using the Liposcale test. The software package Dolphin was used to quantify 24 low-molecular-weight metabolites. Statistical analysis comprised the comparison between each group of complicated pregnancies versus controls, considering 5% false discovery rate correction. Lipid profiles were altered in accordance with the clinical presentation of these disorders. Specifically, PE mothers and FGR fetuses (with or without FGR or PE, respectively) exhibited a pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory profile, with higher concentrations of triglycerides, remnant cholesterol (VLDL, IDL) and Glc/GalNAc-linked and lipid-associated glycoproteins compared to controls. Low-molecular-weight metabolites were extensively disturbed in preeclamptic mothers, with or without FGR. Growth restricted fetuses in the presence of PE showed changes in low-molecular-weight metabolites similar to their mothers (increased creatine and creatinine), while normotensive FGR fetuses presented scarce differences, consistent with undernutrition (lower isoleucine). Further research is warranted to clarify maternal and fetal adaptations to PE and FGR.
Playing With BEARS: Balancing Effort, Accuracy, and Response Speed in a Semantic Feature Verification Anomia Treatment Game
Authors: Evans William S. , Cavanaugh Robert , Quique Yina , Boss Emily , Starns Jeffrey J. , Hula William D. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop and pilot a novel treatment framework calledBEARS(Balancing Effort, Accuracy, and Response Speed). People with aphasia (PWA) have been shown to maladaptively balance speed and accuracy during language tasks. BEARS is designed to train PWA to balance speed–accuracy trade-offs and improve system calibration (i.e., to adaptively match system use with its current capability), which was hypothesized to improve treatment outcomes by maximizing retrieval practice and minimizing error learning. In this study, BEARS was applied in the context of a semantically oriented anomia treatment based on semantic feature verification (SFV).MethodNine PWA received 25 hr of treatment in a multiple-baseline single-case series design. BEARS + SFV combined computer-based SFV with clinician-provided BEARS metacognitive training. Naming probe accuracy, efficiency, and proportion of “pass” responses on inaccurate trials were analyzed using Bayesian generalized linear mixed-effects models. Generalization to discourse and correlations between practice efficiency and treatment outcomes were also assessed.ResultsParticipants improved on naming probe accuracy and efficiency of treated and untreated items, although untreated item gains could not be distinguished from the effects of repeated exposure. There were no improvements on discourse performance, but participants demonstrated improved system calibration based on their performance on inaccurate treatment trials, with an increasing proportion of “pass” responses compared to paraphasia or timeout nonresponses. In addition, levels of practice efficiency during treatment were positively correlated with treatment outcomes, suggesting that improved practice efficiency promoted greater treatment generalization and improved naming efficiency.ConclusionsBEARS is a promising, theoretically motivated treatment framework for addressing the interplay between effort, accuracy, and processing speed in aphasia. This study establishes the feasibility of BEARS + SFV and provides preliminary evidence for its efficacy. This study highlights the importance of considering processing efficiency in anomia treatment, in addition to performance accuracy.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14935812
Structure of Cognitive Functions in Monolingual Preschool Children With Typical Development and Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Plym Jade , Lahti-Nuuttila Pekka , Smolander Sini , Arkkila Eva , Laasonen Marja 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Developmental language disorder (DLD) is defined by persistent difficulties with language, but a growing body of evidence suggests that it is also associated with domain-general and nonverbal information-processing deficits. However, the interconnections between cognitive functions, both nonverbal and language related, are still unclear. With the aim of gaining more comprehensive insight into the cognitive deficits related to DLD, we investigated and compared the cognitive structure of children with DLD and typically developing (TD) children.

Method

As a part of the Helsinki longitudinal SLI study, monolingual Finnish preschoolers (
N
= 154; TD group:
n
= 66, DLD group:
n
= 88) were assessed with 23 tasks measuring nonverbal and verbal reasoning, language processing, memory, visuomotor functions, attention, and social cognition. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed to examine latent constructs and to test measurement invariance between the TD and DLD groups.

Results
Measurement invariance was not found across the TD and DLD groups. Best fitting structure for TD children included factors reflecting verbal abilities, processing speed/short-term memory, visuomotor functions, and visuoconstructive abilities/nonverbal reasoning. The DLD group's structure comprised nonverbal abilities, naming/expressive language, verbal comprehension, and verbal/declarative memory.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that the structure of cognitive functions differs in TD children and children with DLD already at preschool age. Nonverbal functions seem more unified, whereas verbal functions seem more varying in preschoolers with DLD compared to TD children. The results can be used in future research for prognosis of DLD and planning interventions.
Covert channels in stochastic cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Lucia Walter , Youssef Amr 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA covert channel is a communication channel that is not intended to exist, and that can be used to transfer information in a manner that violates the system security policy. Attackers can abuse such channels to exfiltrate sensitive information from cyber‐physical systems (CPSs), for example to leak the confidential or proprietary parameters in a control system. Furthermore, attacks against CPSs can exploit the leaked information about the implementation of the control system, for example to determine optimal false data injection attack values that degrade the system performance while remaining undetected. In this study, a control theoretic approach for establishing covert channels in stochastic CPSs is presented. In particular, a scenario is considered where an attacker is able to inject malware into the networked controller and arbitrarily alter the control logic. By exploiting such capability, an attacker can establish an illegitimate communication channel, for example to transmit sensitive plant parameters, between the networked controller and an eavesdropper intercepting the sensor measurements. The authors show that such a channel can be established by exploiting the closed‐loop system operations, a decoding mechanism based on an unknown input observer, and an error‐correcting coding scheme that exploits the control loop to obtain an implicit acknowledgement. A simple proof of concept implementation of the covert channel is presented, and its performance is evaluated by resorting to a numerical example. Finally, some defences and countermeasures are proposed against the proposed covert channel.
Maternal Effect Mutations: A Novel Cause for Human Reproductive Failure
Authors: Eggermann Thomas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGenetic alterations significantly contribute to the aetiology of reproductive failure and
comprise monogenic, chromosomal and epigenetic disturbances. The implementation of
next-generation sequencing (NGS) based approaches in research and diagnostics allows the
comprehensive analysis of these genetic causes, and the increasing detection rates of genetic
mutations causing reproductive complications confirm the potential of the new techniques.
Whereas mutations affecting the fetal genome are well known to affect pregnancies and their
outcome, the contribution of alterations of the maternal genome was widely unclear. With the
recent mainly NGS-based identification of maternal effect variants, a new cause of human
reproductive failure has been identified. Maternal effect mutations affect the expression of
subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) proteins from the maternal genome, and thereby disturb
oocyte maturation and progression of the early embryo. They cause a broad range of
reproductive failures and pregnancy complications, including infertility, miscarriages,
hydatidiform moles, aneuploidies and imprinting disturbances in the fetus. The identification
of women carrying these molecular alterations in SCMC encoding genes is therefore essential
for a personalised reproductive and genetic counselling. The diagnostic application of new
NGS-based assays allows the comprehensive analysis of these factors, and helps to further
decipher these functional links between the factors and their disturbances. A close
interdisciplinary collaboration between different disciplines is definitely required to
further decipher the complex regulation of early embryo development, and to translate the
basic research results into clinical practice.
Versorgung von Notfällen in der Kinder- und Jugendtraumatologie
Authors: Wintges Kristofer , Reinshagen Konrad , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Sommerfeldt Dirk W. 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungMit zunehmendem Alter und Bewegungsradius kommt es bei der Entdeckung der Umwelt zu alterstypischen Unfällen und Verletzungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Diese führen häufig zur Vorstellung in einer pädiatrischen Notaufnahme. Neben Unfällen im Haushalt kommt es dabei am häufigsten beim Spielen auf Spielplätzen, der Sportausübung sowie im Straßenverkehr zu Verletzungen. Durch ihre anatomischen und physiologischen Unterschiede zum Erwachsenen sind Verletzungen im Kindesalter nicht immer mit denen Erwachsener zu vergleichen und benötigen daher kindgerechte Behandlungskonzepte. So muss zum Beispiel bei der Versorgung von Frakturen immer das noch ausstehende Korrekturpotenzial aufgrund der noch offenen Wachstumsfugen berücksichtigt, jedoch auch immer die Gefahr einer drohenden Wachstumsstörung bedacht werden. Neben Frakturen kommt es bei Kindern häufig zu Weichteilverletzungen vor allem am Kopf oder den Händen. Dabei reichen die Verletzungen von einfachen Rissquetsch- oder
Schnittwunden bis hin zu Teilamputationen oder (Tier-)Bisswunden sowie thermischen Verletzungen. Luxationen der großen Gelenke stellen im Kindesalter eine Rarität dar, können aber falsch behandelt zu persistierenden Bewegungseinschränkungen oder chronischer Instabilität führen. Das Polytrauma im Kindesalter sollte aufgrund der Seltenheit und einer dadurch an kleineren Häusern oft fehlenden routinierten Behandlung wenn möglich in spezialisierten kindertraumtologischen Zentren erfolgen. Bei inadäquatem Unfallmechanismus, widersprüchlicher Anamnese oder auffälligen Verletzungen muss im Kindesalter auch immer an eine Kindesmisshandlung gedacht werden.
Zum spezifischen Versorgungsbeitrag psychosozialer
Krebsberatungsstellen – Sichtweisen der Ratsuchenden und
Zuweisenden
Authors: Xyländer Margret , Bayer Oliver , Schranz Melanie , Ihrig Andreas , Flohr-Schmitt Evelyn , Besseler Markus , Bruns Gudrun , Gelse Norbert , Wünsch Alexander , Singer Susanne , Meyer Thorsten 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Ziel der Studie ist es, den spezifischen Versorgungsbeitrag
von Krebsberatungsstellen (KBS) sowohl aus Sicht der Ratsuchenden wie
aus Sicht der Zuweisenden in den Blick zu nehmen.
Methodik Qualitatives Design mittels leitfadengestützter
face-to-face-Interviews mit
Krebspatient/innen/Angehörigen und telefonischer
Einzelinterviews mit Zuweisenden.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 43 Ratsuchende und 30 Zuweisende
befragt. In Bezug auf die Beratungsinhalte werden die psychoonkologische
Begleitung und Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe in Kombination mit einer
sozialrechtlichen Aufklärung über zusätzliche
Unterstützungsleistungen als zentrale Merkmale wahrgenommen. In
der Gruppe der Zuweisenden scheint jedoch eine gewisse Unsicherheit
darüber zu bestehen, was KBS leisten (können).
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf der einen Seite auf
einen spezifischen Kern des Angebots von KBS, zugleich auch auf
mehrdeutige Wahrnehmungen seitens der Befragten. Sie können zur
weiteren Profilschärfung der KBS und zur Verdeutlichung ihres
Stellenwerts in der Gesundheitsversorgung beitragen.
Cytokinin Mediated Increased In Vitro Production of Secondary Metabolites with Special Reference to Solasodine in Solanum erianthum
Authors: Sarkar Jeeta , Banerjee Nirmalya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSteroid alkaloid solasodine is a nitrogen analogue of diosgenin and has great importance in the production of steroidal medicines. Solanum erianthum D. Don (Solanaceae) is a good source of solasodine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cytokinins on the production of secondary metabolites, especially solasodine in the in vitro culture of S. erianthum. For solasodine estimation, field-grown plant parts and in vitro tissues were extracted thrice and subjected to high-performance liquid Chromatography. Quantitative analysis of different secondary metabolites showed that the amount was higher in the in vitro regenerated plantlets compared to callus and field-grown plants. The present study critically evaluates the effect of the type of cytokinin used in the culture medium on solasodine accumulation in regenerated plants. The highest solasodine content (46.78±3.23 mg g-1) was recorded in leaf extracts of the in vitro grown plantlets in the presence of 6-γ,γ-dimethylallylamino purine in the culture medium and the content was 3.8-fold higher compared to the mother plant.
Buccal mucosa graft tube urethroplasty for the treatment of bulbopenile urethral trauma accompanied with massive tissue loss due to improvised explosive device injury
Authors: Coguplugil Adem Emrah , Zor Murat , Gurdal Mesut 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUrinary diversion with suprapubic cystostomy and delayed urethroplasty is recommended for the treatment of penetrating posterior urethral traumas. A devastating urethral trauma caused by a blast injury due to an improvised explosive device is an extremely rare clinical condition and treatment options are limited due to accompanying massive tissue and muscle loss. Staged urethral reconstruction using a pedicled gracilis muscle flap with a skin or buccal mucosa graft is the preferred treatment option for complex urethral traumas. In case of a devastated urethra due to an intensive explosive device injury, treatment options are limited, especially if the gracilis muscle cannot be used. We report the case of a 30-year-old male patient with a devastated bulbopenile urethra and massive local tissue and adjacent muscle loss including the gracilis muscle. The patient was successfully treated by buccal mucosa graft tube urethroplasty. Urethral stricture recurred but was successfully treated by means of endoscopy. At 24 months’ follow-up, the patient was continent and urinated normally.
Psychometrische Kennwerte einer deutschen Übersetzung des Parental Bonding Instrument
Authors: Benz Annika B. E. , Kloker Liliane Vanessa , Kuhlmann Tim , Meier Maria , Unternaehrer Eva , Bentele Ulrike U. , Dimitroff Stephanie J. , Denk Bernadette F. , Reips Ulf-Dietrich , Pruessner Jens C. 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDas elterliche Erziehungsverhalten beeinflusst sowohl die Entwicklung eines Kindes als auch die Entstehung und Behandlung psychischer Störungen. Das Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI; Parker, Tupling & Brown, 1979) ist ein bekanntes Instrument zur retrospektiven Erfassung des elterlichen Erziehungsstils. Bisher existiert jedoch keine ausreichend validierte deutsche Version. Daher entwickelten wir eine sprachlich aktuelle, deutsche Übersetzung des PBI (PBI-dt) und untersuchten in einer Onlinestudie anhand einer deutschsprachigen Stichprobe (N=791) die psychometrischen Eigenschaften des PBI-dt hinsichtlich Item- und Reliabilitätskennwerten, Konstrukt- und Kriteriumsvalidität sowie der faktoriellen Struktur.Die Analysen ergaben gute Item- und Reliabilitätskennwerte (α=0,86−0,95). Die Skalen des PBI korrelierten in den erwarteten Richtungen mit den Skalen des Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Außerdem wurden signifikante Unterschiede im berichteten elterlichen Erziehungsstil zwischen Personen mit und ohne psychische Erkrankung sowie zwischen übergewichtigen und normalgewichtigen Personen gefunden. Diese Ergebnisse weisen auf das Vorliegen von hoher Konstrukt- und Kriteriumsvalidität hin. Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen ergaben in allen untersuchten Fitindizes eine akzeptable Modellanpassungsgüte sowohl für das 2-Faktorenmodell von Parker et al. (1979) als auch für das 3-Faktorenmodell mit den Subskalen FürsorgeFürsorgeFürsorgeFürsorgeFürsorgeFürsorge, Einschränkung der VerhaltensfreiheitEinschränkung der VerhaltensfreiheitEinschränkung der VerhaltensfreiheitEinschränkung der VerhaltensfreiheitEinschränkung der VerhaltensfreiheitEinschränkung der Verhaltensfreiheit sowie Verweigerung psychologischer AutonomieVerweigerung psychologischer AutonomieVerweigerung psychologischer AutonomieVerweigerung psychologischer AutonomieVerweigerung psychologischer AutonomieVerweigerung psychologischer Autonomie. Die Verwendung einer 3-Faktorenstruktur konnte zudem inhaltlichen Mehrwert bieten, z. B. eine bessere Differenzierung zwischen normal- und übergewichtigen Personen. Insgesamt weist die vorliegende deutsche Übersetzung des PBI somit gute psychometrische Eigenschaften auf und stellt ein reliables Messinstrument dar.
Acute Effects of Parallel Back Squat Performed in Different Set Configurations on Neuromuscular Performance
Authors: Kassiano Witalo , da Cunha Costa Manoel , de Souza Fonseca Fabiano , de Lima-Júnior Dalton , Costa Bruna , de Sousa Fortes Leonardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe compared the acute effects of parallel back squat performed from different resistance training configurations on neuromuscular performance. Twenty-eight young adults underwent 4 experimental conditions: inter-repetition rest, traditional, traditional to failure, and rest-pause in the parallel back squat in a randomized, counterbalanced, and cross-over design. The neuromuscular performance was assessed through peak torque of knee extensors and flexors at two angular velocities (90 and 120 º/s) in three moments (before, post, and post-30 min). The peak torque of the knee extensors and flexors at 90 and 120 º/s decreased immediately after training for traditional, traditional to failure, and rest-pause (–8.1% to –17.7%, P<0.001). A greater reduction in the extensor peak torque was found at 120 º/s (P<0.05) in the rest-pause (–17.7%) when compared to traditional (–10.8%). The peak torque returned to baseline values only at post-30 min for the traditional configuration for the knee flexion action at 120 º/s. The peak torque remained similar for the muscular actions and angular velocities for the inter-repetition rest (P>0.05). Our results suggest the inter-repetition rest configuration seems to be a more appropriate strategy for maintaining the lower limb neuromuscular performance after a resistance training session.
Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPi) positive tumour fraction on PET/CT correlates with Ki-67 in liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Kreppel Barbara , Gonzalez-Carmona Maria Angeles , Feldmann Georg , Küppers Jim , Moon Euy Sung , Marinova Milka , Bundschuh Ralph Alexander , Kristiansen Glen , Essler Markus , Roesch Frank , Gaertner Florian Christoph 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim Gallium-68-labelled inhibitors of the fibroblast activation protein (FAPi) enable positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of fibroblast activation. We evaluated if [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m.SA.FAPi PET/CT is related to Ki-67 as a marker of tumour aggressiveness in patients with liver metastases of NET.
Methods Thirteen patients with liver metastases of a histologically confirmed NET who underwent PET/CT with [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m.SA.FAPi, [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC were retrospectively analyzed. PET-positive liver tumour volumes were segmented for calculation of volume, SUVmax and PET-positive tumour fraction (TF). PET parameters were correlated with Ki-67.
Results FDGSUVmax correlated positively (rho = 0.543, p < 0.05) and DOTATOCSUVmax correlated negatively (rho = –0.618, p < 0.05) with Ki-67, the correlation coefficients were in the moderate range. There was no significant correlation between FAPiSUVmax and Ki-67 (rho = 0.382, p > 0.05). FAPiTF correlated positively (rho = 0.770, p < 0.01) and DOTATOCTF correlated negatively (rho = –0.828, p < 0.01) with Ki-67, both significantly with high correlation coefficients. FDGTF also correlated significantly with Ki-67, with a moderate correlation coefficient (rho = 0.524, p < 0.05). The ratio FAPiVOL:DOTATOCVOL showed a significant and strong correlation with Ki-67 (rho = 0.808, p < 0.01).
Conclusion The ratio FAPiVOL:DOTATOCVOL might serve as a clinical parameter for the assessment of dedifferentiation and aggressiveness of liver metastases in patients with NET. [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m.SA.FAPi might hold potential for identification of high-risk patients. Further studies are warranted to evaluate its prognostic significance in comparison to [18F]FDG in patients with NET.