bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal trends in the incidence and case severity of COVID-19 cases among the Syrian refugees in Azraq camp in Jordan: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Zghool Ahmad Waleed , Alrawashdeh Ahmad , Alkhatib Zaid I. , Nasser Sara A. , Kostandova Natalya , Perera Shiromi M. , Alsulaiman Jomana W. , Khassawneh Adi H. , Al-Mistarehi Abdel-Hameed W. , Abu-Shanab Amer , Kheirallah Khalid A. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Azraq Syrian refugee camp, located in Jordan, is where the challenges of managing the COVID-19 epidemic meet the vulnerabilities of displaced people. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of COVID-19 among Azraq camp residents.

Methods
COVID-19 data from Azraq camp were collected by International Medical Corps clinics and analyzed retrospectively from August 1, 2020, to August 31, 2022. Data included demographics, risk factors, testing history, contact tracing, and vaccination profiles. We estimated COVID-19 incidence and analyzed risk factors using Poisson and multilevel logistic regression.

Results
A total of 2,468 confirmed COVID-19 cases were identified, with a prevalence of 5.6 per 100 residents. The camp’s monthly incidence rate was more than 50% lower than the national rate, with a 1.7% monthly decrease. Females had a higher incidence than males (6.4% vs. 4.9%, p < 0.001), while the elderly bore the greatest disease burden. Home-based isolation was the main strategy, except during the second wave. Vaccination coverage reached 31.6%, primarily with Pfizer (49.8%). Symptomatic cases made up 44.0% of confirmed cases, with 10.4% requiring hospitalization. Factors independently associated with hospitalization included age, comorbidity, and vaccination status.

Conclusion
The study highlights the need for robust surveillance, targeted healthcare interventions, equitable resource allocation, and vaccination campaigns to manage COVID-19 and future epidemics in refugee camps.
Clinical Trial: Precise Administration of Sucralfate Powder in Prevention of Delayed Postpolypectomy Bleeding. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chiang Hsueh-Chien , Chen Po-Jun , Yang Er-Hsiang , Kuo Tzu-Ling , Hsieh Ming-Tsung , Kang Jui-Wen , Cheng Hsiu-Chi , Chang Wei-Lun , Chen Wei-Ying , Chiu Hung-Chih , Lin Meng-Ying , Hong Tzu-Chun , Chiang Chien-Ming , Chen Wei-Chih , Huang Kuan-Kai , Lu Meng-Hsuan , Wu Ming-Hsuan , Chen Chiung-Yu , Lin Xi-Zhang , Chuang Chiao-Hsiung 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION:
Delayed postpolypectomy bleeding occurs in approximately 1%–2% of all patients undergoing colonoscopic polypectomy, and this rate increases to 6% in patients with large (>2 cm) colon polyps. Sucralfate can protect the mucosa and promote its healing. This study was conducted to investigate whether colonoscopic spraying of sucralfate powder on polypectomy wounds can prevent delayed postoperative bleeding.

METHODS:
This randomized controlled trial included patients with polyps (size ≥0.5 cm) who had undergone colonoscopic polypectomy at our hospital between May 2023 and January 2024. After polypectomy, the patients received standard treatment for immediate bleeding. Then, they were randomly allocated to either a sucralfate group (prophylactic spraying of sucralfate powder [3 g] on polypectomy wounds) or a control group. All patients were monitored for delayed bleeding within 28 days after colonoscopy.

RESULTS:
A total of 160 patients were divided into the sucralfate and control groups (80 per group). The baseline characteristics were balanced between the groups. The rate of delayed postpolypectomy bleeding (0% vs 6.3%, respectively; P = 0.029) and postpolypectomy overt bloody stool (2.4% vs 18.8%, respectively; P = 0.001) were lower in the sucralfate group than in the control group. The duration of freedom from delayed bleeding was longer in the sucralfate group than in the control group (P = 0.024). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the additional sucralfate spray as an independent factor against postpolypectomy overt bloody stool (relative risk, 0.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.003–0.43; P = 0.009).

DISCUSSION:
Colonoscopic spraying of sucralfate powder is a safe approach with potential to reduce the risk of delayed postpolypectomy bleeding. Trial registration: NCT05817656.
Chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: new challenges
Authors: Shamkhalova M. S. , Sukhareva O. Y. , Martynov S. A. , Severina A. S. , Vikulova O. K. , Trubitsyna N. P. , Naumenko O. N. , Zaytseva N. V. , Shestakova M. V. , Dedov I. I. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: February 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a supranosological concept, defined as a disorder of the structure and/or function of the kidneys for 3 months or more that leads to health consequences. CKD develops in 20–40% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Dynamic analysis of epidemiological indicators of CKD in patients with diabetes mellitus points to the prevalence increase of this pathology in the Russian Federation in 2010–2022. Improved quality of diagnostics of earlier stages complications, a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events (the leading cause of death) and end-stage renal failure at a later age and with a longer duration of diabetes are noted as well. The development of tools for predicting the risk of the pathology progression and its complications has made it possible to improve patient monitoring and routing. Current international and domestic recommendations emphasize a comprehensive approach to the treatment of CKD, including lifestyle modification, evidence-based pharmacological treatments aimed at preserving organ function, and improving cardiovascular prognosis. An optimal model of care for patients with diabetes and CKD, aimed at multidisciplinary care and adapted according to the severity of CKD, will lead to the best outcomes for the individual patient and society.
Cardiodiabetology: Evolution or Revolution?
Authors: Bondarenko I. Z. , Kalashnikov V. Y. 
Published: February 2025

This article addresses contemporary issues in endocrine cardiology. The main content of the work is an analysis of the history of medications used in diabetology, ranging from the first animal-derived insulins to modern sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), which possess pronounced cardioprotective activity. Studies demonstrating their effectiveness in influencing the cardiovascular system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to multicenter clinical trials that studied the effect of hypoglycemia on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with T2DM. The article also summarizes the scientific and practical experience of using SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with various cardiac arrhythmias, including those that are life-threatening for patients with T2DM.
Playing with funds of difficult knowledge: interactional insights for heritage language education
Authors: Becker Ava 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Migration stories are at the heart of how many immigrant-background Heritage Language Learners (HLLs) construct a sense of home, community, and identity across spatiotemporal scales. Nevertheless, narratives containing difficult knowledge (e.g., about war) are generally seen as threats to, rather than as assets in language learning and in education more broadly, and as such, are rarely drawn on in classrooms. In this paper I analyse excerpts from a group interview that I conducted with four grade-four girls during a year-long ethnographic case study. In particular, I examine how we all used various linguistic and paralingiustic resources to construct play frames. The play frames created a lower-stakes space in which to navigate the emotionally complex cultural memories that my interview questions about origins and migration prompted. The findings have implications for how language teachers listen to and engage with their HLLs’ funds of difficult knowledge.
Migration, subjectivity and identity: navigating power, agency and discourse in interviews with asylum seekers
Authors: Mazzaferro Gerardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Drawing on Judith Butler’s theory of performativity and positioning approaches, this paper examines how asylum seekers actively assert agency in navigating and (re)constructing their subjectivities and identities within research interviews. The analysis explores the power dynamics inherent in the interview setting and broader public discourse, revealing how asylum seekers engage with and respond to these forces. Rather than being passive subjects of discourse, they employ performative-positioning acts to negotiate power structures and assert control over their self-representations. By analyzing interview data, this study highlights the dynamic interplay between power, discourse and agency in the ongoing construction of identity.
Tool evolution as a prerequisite for consciousness
Authors: Korth Carsten 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Within the concept of the extended mind, the active modification of external objects, externalizations, is seen as an auxiliary means to adapt to the environment. Toolmaking and use are advanced stages of externalizations that evolve. All past or present tools can, theoretically, be precisely assigned a location in an evolutionary tree with predecessors and progeny. Tools are reliably replicated, modified, and selected by their ability to facilitate human needs. Tool evolution, therefore, fulfills Darwinian criteria where the material tool is the phenotype and the instruction to build it is the code. The ostensive triangle consisting of a pointing individual, an observing individual, and a pointed-at object or tool is the germ cell of social transmission of instructions. Tool-building instructions ultimately can be reduced to distinct sequences of motor acts that can be recombined and are socially transmitted. When executed, they replicate tools for the reward of convenience or improved fitness. Tools elicit affordances relating to their use that synchronize different individuals’ perceptions, result in psychological “understanding,” and thereby modify social networks. Massive tool fabrication as present today in the “tool-sphere” has, therefore, accelerated prosociality and over time led to the acquisition of an individual’s third person perspective. The entangled biological evolution accelerated the ongoing cumulative cultural evolution by selecting traits facilitating social transmission. In this context, tool evolution and the corresponding acquired individual instructional content is a precondition to the emergence of higher cognition and “consciousness.” A neuroscience investigating externalizations as the starting point of this process is urgently needed.
Accuracy validation and user performance analysis of two new self-monitoring blood glucose systems
Authors: Huang Tun-Yu , Chen Yu-Hsi , Li Yu-Ching , Chiu Yen-Hsin , Kang Hui-Jun , Chen Chih-Yu 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Patients with diabetes require regular blood glucose monitoring. We evaluated the precision and user performance of two blood glucose monitoring systems, the accuracy results of GlucoTeq BGM200 and DiaRite BGM300, adhering to the EN_ISO 15197:2015 standards, which require blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL, >95% of the data within ±15% difference, and when blood glucose <100 mg/dL, >95% of the data within ±15 mg/dL. This study assessed their conformity with the YSI analyzer and other leading systems. Participants (n = 101), 18 years of age were included, covering a diverse demographic. Accuracy was determined using the YSI analyzer as the standard, employing linear regression, a consensus error grid and Bland–Altman analyses. The performance of both system users showed 100% conformity within zone A of the consensus error grid, high linear regression coefficients and minimal bias in the Bland–Altman analysis. Subjective satisfaction analyses showed average scores of 4.59 and 4.62 for BGM200 and BGM300, respectively. Comparison with other systems revealed high regression coefficients (CONTOUR®PLUS; R
2 = 0.9960, BGM200; R
2 = 0.9927, BGM300; R
2 = 0.9915, Accu-Chek® Guide; R
2 = 0.9910). Both systems demonstrated reasonable accuracy and user performance comparable to competitors’ products and met international standards. Their reliability in real-world scenarios and high user satisfaction make them valuable tools for diabetes management.

Learning points

Reasonable accuracy: GlucoTeq BGM200 and DiaRite BGM300 complied with EN ISO 15197:2015 standards, achieving >95% accuracy validated against the reference method the YSI analyzer.

High user satisfaction: both systems scored highly (4.59–4.62/5), reflecting ease of use, reliable operation and clear result interpretation.

Competitive performance: comparable to leading devices such as CONTOUR®PLUS, with strong correlation coefficients (>0.99).

Regulatory compliance: the trial met stringent international standards with a diverse participant group and robust methodology.

Broad applicability: reliable for clinical and home use, supporting effective diabetes management.
Revisión sistemática sobre valoraciones de las habilidades docentes en el aula universitaria
Authors: Yáñez Galleguillos Luz María 
Published: February 2025

Durante el último tiempo, las universidades han manifestado una alta preocupación por cómo enseñan los profesionales en la universidad, debido a que en la forma como enseñan dichos profesionales en las instituciones de educación superior, tendrá una repercusión directa en los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. Desde allí surge el objetivo de la presente revisión, referido a analizar las valoraciones sobre las habilidades docentes del aula universitaria. El presente estudio hace una revisión sistemática, bajo el método PRISMA, que incluyó 21 artículos científicos sobre la materia. Los títulos revisados obraron desde el año 2016 hasta el año 2022, buscados en bases de datos Scopus y Scielo. Los resultados apuntan hacia la importancia de las habilidades del aspecto personal, en tanto, disposición del profesorado a establecer relaciones e interacciones humanas en el aula, por sobre los aspectos formales y técnicos de quien enseña. Los aspectos personales de los docentes son los más valorados y en este sentido la ética y su poder transformador en la actuación docente, como también la importancia del impacto de su intervención en otro y su convicción por enseñar o sobre valores esenciales para la docencia, requieren ser observados por las instituciones quienes están más centradas en preparar programas dirigidos a la impartición de técnicas a modo de recetario, más que en desarrollar en el/la docente la valoración por el acto educativo.
Childhood Opportunity Index and Outcomes Across the Care Continuum for Children With Asthma
Authors: Byrne Alexandra , Hall Matt , Berry Jay , Parikh Kavita , Tyris Jordan , Reyes Mario , Perdomo Joanna 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
The Childhood Opportunity Index (COI) is a multidimensional measure of neighborhood features associated with child health. Our objective was to determine if COI is associated with outcomes across the care continuum in children hospitalized for asthma.

METHODS
This is a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System database of hospitalized children with asthma aged 2 to 18 years from May 1 2021 to April 30, 2022. Main exposure was COI. Outcomes were categorized into 3 periods: prehospitalization (illness severity), during hospitalization (length of stay [LOS] and cost), and posthospitalization (emergency department [ED] revisits and rehospitalizations within 365 days). Multivariable relationships between COI and outcomes were assessed with generalized estimating equations, adjusting for illness severity and age, sex, and clustering data by hospital.

RESULTS
Of 19 119 asthma hospitalizations, 37.6% were for children with very low COI. Children with very low and low COI more often had critical or severe illness compared with children with high and very high COI (56.4% vs 47.5%, P &lt; .001). COI was not associated with adjusted LOS (P = .1) or cost (P = .1). Children with very low vs very high COI were more likely to revisit the ED (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.8–2.5) and be rehospitalized (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.6–2.1) within 365 days.

CONCLUSION
Children with lower COI hospitalized for asthma were more often critically ill and experienced more ED revisits and rehospitalizations than children with higher COI but had similar adjusted LOS and cost. Evaluating outcomes across the care continuum, including before, during, and during hospitalization, rather than a single point in time may help identify disparities and develop targeted interventions.
Factors Associated With Delay to Care in Pediatric and Adolescent Adnexal Torsion
Authors: Rich Barrie S. , Roberts Bailey , Nofi Colleen , Glick Richard D. , Fisher Jason C. , Durkin Emily , Ignacio Romeo , Garcia Carlos , Alexander Abigail , Short Scott , Krinock Derek , Wolf Lindsey L. , Weiss Richard , Ryan Emma , Robertson Daniel J. , Abebrese Emmanuel , Van Arendonk Kyle J. , Hwang Rosa , Nace Gary , Cerise Jane , Rothstein David H. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Diagnosis of adnexal torsion is challenging due to variable clinical presentations and often inconclusive imaging results. We hypothesized that diagnostic delays are common, leading to prolonged ischemia and subsequent tissue loss. We aimed to identify factors associated with diagnostic delays in pediatric patients with adnexal torsion.

METHODS
We performed a multi-institutional retrospective review of females aged 5 to 18 years with confirmed adnexal torsion between 2013 to 2022. Delay to care was defined as prior emergency department discharge within 7 days of operation and/or hospital admission without initial plan for operation.

RESULTS
862 patients were identified from 10 children’s hospitals, with delayed diagnosis in 30%. Patients with delay were less likely to present with emesis or fever, have initial pediatric surgery consultation, or have typical ultrasound findings of torsion compared to those without delay (P &lt; .05). For every unit increase in area deprivation index, the odds of delay increased by 1.3% (odds ratio 1.013, 95% CI, 1.007–1.018). The odds of delay were 81% greater for patients living &gt; 30 miles from the hospital compared with 1–10 miles (odds ratio 1.812, 95% CI, 1.236–2.657). Oophorectomy and salpingectomy rates were 10% and 13%; those with delay had higher risk of oophorectomy (14% vs 7%, P = .002).

CONCLUSION
Delayed diagnosis of adnexal torsion is common and associated with higher area deprivation index and farther distance from hospital. Risk of oophorectomy was higher in patients with delay. Improved diagnostics and increased awareness of social disparities are critical to decrease time to definitive treatment and improve rates of adnexal salvage.
Changing Resources in Transylvanian Villages from Self-Sufficient Households to the Global Market
Authors: Szabó Árpád Töhötöm 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOne important component of our accumulated knowledge about Transylvanian villages is the (partial) autonomy of these villages, understood from a historical perspective, at the level of both households and village communities. Another important component is the marked presence of interhousehold cooperation. Based on this autonomy and cooperation, and their eradication, the present paper argues that social, economic, and political restructuring has made village communities, once heavily reliant on endogenous resources, increasingly dependent on external, exogenous resources. Drawing on research in Transylvanian contexts, mainly in Bahnea/Bonyha and Nuşfalău/Szilágynagyfalu, the paper explores the process of eradication, and its contradictions, by discussing changes in animal husbandry, household management, foraging, and time spent in nature, before placing it in a global context using historical and recent examples. The paper then addresses the question of how all these aspects can be understood in terms of resilience, sustainability, and complexity.
The First Russian Experience of Using Palovarotene for the Treatment of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: Two Case Reports
Authors: Nikishina Irina P. , Matkava Valeriya G. , Arsenyeva Svetlana V. , Gasymov Emil G. , Arefieva Alia N. 
Published: February 2025

Background. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) — is an extremely rare genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant type of inheritance. FOP is associated with a genetically determined disorder caused by the presence of a specific mutation in the ACVR1/ALK2 gene encoding the bone morphogenetic protein receptor. FOP is clinically manifested by the unrestrained formation of heterotopic ossifications, leading to a gradual progression of disability up to complete immobility of the patient. At an early age, the disease can be recognized by the presence of characteristic phenotypic stigmas, mainly the characteristic malformation of the thumbs, confirming the diagnosis by molecular genetic analysis. Early diagnosis of FOP avoids unnecessary iatrogenic manipulations and slows down the progression of the disease. Up until recently, there was no therapy that had a pathogenetic effect, preventing the development of ossifications. The first and only drug that has proven its effectiveness as a result of clinical trials and is registered for use in patients with FOP in a number of countries is palovarotene.Case reports: The publication presents the first Russian experience of using palovarotene with a description of two clinical observations of patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of FOP. The clinical picture, the difficult path to diagnosis, and the encouraging experience of treating patients, including anti-inflammatory therapy using Janus kinase inhibitors (tofacitinib) and pathogenetic therapy with palovarotene, are described.Conclusion. The aggressive nature of the course of FOP, which inevitably leads to severe disability of patients, necessitates the widespread attention of practitioners to the early diagnosis of FOP, an in-depth study of the factors determining progression, and new opportunities for pathogenetic therapy allow us to count on improving the prognosis of this extremely serious disease.