bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient relapsing neuromyopathy during potassium bromide therapy in a dog
Authors: Menchetti Marika , Perillo Raffaella , Bianchi Ezio , Matiasek Kaspar , Rosati Marco 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA 2‐year‐old Australian Shepherd dog was referred because of exercise intolerance and gait abnormalities. The dog had a history of idiopathic epilepsy treated with phenobarbitone and potassium bromide (KBr). The neurological examination was indicative of a generalized lower motor neuron disease. A generalized peripheral neuropathy caused by KBr was suspected. Electrodiagnostic investigation and muscle and nerve biopsies were indicative of unspecific neuromyopathy. KBr was suspended with complete resolution of neuromuscular signs within 1 month but the dog developed cluster seizures refractory to other antiepileptic therapies. KBr was reintroduced with the improvement of the epileptic seizures but relapse of the neuromuscular signs was seen. This relapse confirmed the suspicion of neuromyopathy related to KBr. Bromide intoxication should be suspected in cases of generalized neuromuscular signs also in dogs with normal serum values. An early identification of the cause and suspension of KBr leads to a complete resolution of the symptoms.
Tropical‐based EBPR process: The long‐term stability, microbial community and its response towards temperature stress
Authors: Poh Phiak Kim , Ong Ying Hui , Arumugam Krithika , Nittami Tadashi , Yeoh Hak Koon , Bessarab Irina , William Rohan , Chua Adeline Seak May 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTemperature is known to influence the operational efficiency of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) systems. This study investigated the impact of thermal stress above 30°C on the properties of an EBPR community established with tropical inoculum. The results confirmed the stability of the 30°C EBPR system with high P‐removal efficiency over 210 days. Accumulibacter was abundant in the community. When the EBPR sludge was subjected to a sudden temperature increase to 35°C under multiple cycles of anaerobic‐aerobic phases, each lasting 4 h, high P‐removal was maintained over 2 days, before gradually failing when the Competibacter appeared to outcompete Accumulibacter. These data suggested that the EBPR capacity is robust when subjected to occasional thermal stress. However, it could not be maintained even for a short time under temperature stress at 40°C. Thus, the threshold temperature for tropical EBPR failure is between 35°C and 40°C.Practitioner Points

EBPR was stably maintained at 30°C with Accumulibacter being dominant.
Good EBPR activities persisted for a short period at 35°C.
EBPR was deteriorated at 40°C.
The threshold temperature for tropical EBPR failure is between 35°C and 40°C.
Symmetry decomposition of relative entropies in conformal field theory
Authors: Chen Hui-Huang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We consider the symmetry resolution of relative entropies in the 1+1 dimensional free massless compact boson conformal field theory (CFT) which presents an internal U(1) symmetry. We calculate various symmetry resolved Rényi relative entropies between one interval reduced density matrices of CFT primary states using the replica method. By taking the replica limit, the symmetry resolved relative entropy can be obtained. We also take the XX spin chain model as a concrete lattice realization of this CFT to perform numerical computation. The CFT predictions are tested against exact numerical calculations finding perfect agreement.
Expression of type one cannabinoid receptor in different subpopulation of kisspeptin neurons and kisspeptin afferents to GnRH neurons in female mice
Authors: Wilheim Tamás , Nagy Krisztina , Mohanraj Mahendravarman , Ziarniak Kamil , Watanabe Masahiko , Sliwowska Joanna , Kalló Imre 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe endocannabinoids have been shown to target the afferents of hypothalamic neurons via cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1) and thereby to influence their excitability at various physiological and/or pathological processes. Kisspeptin (KP) neurons form afferents of multiple neuroendocrine cells and influence their activity via signaling through a variation of co-expressed classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. The differential potency of endocannabinoids to influence the release of classical transmitters or neuropeptides, and the ovarian cycle-dependent functioning of the endocannabinoid signaling in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons initiated us to study whether (a) the different subpopulations of KP neurons express CB1 mRNAs, (b) the expression is influenced by estrogen, and (c) CB1-immunoreactivity is present in the KP afferents to GnRH neurons. The aim of the study was to investigate the site- and cell-specific expression of CB1 in female mice using multiple labeling in situ hybridization and immunofluorescent histochemical techniques. The results support that CB1 mRNAs are expressed by both the GABAergic and glutamatergic subpopulations of KP neurons, the receptor protein is detectable in two-thirds of the KP afferents to GnRH neurons, and the expression of CB1 mRNA shows an estrogen-dependency. The applied estrogen-treatment, known to induce proestrus, reduced the level of CB1 transcripts in the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle and arcuate nucleus, and differently influenced its co-localization with vesicular GABA transporter or vesicular glutamate transporter-2 in KP neurons. This indicates a gonadal cycle-dependent role of endocannabinoid signaling in the neuronal circuits involving KP neurons.
Rotational Coupling in Methyl-Tunneling Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation
Authors: Jeschke Gunnar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCoherence between tunnel-split states of a methyl quantum rotor can be generated and observed in stimulated and spin-locked echo experiments, if hyperfine coupling of a nearby electron spin to the methyl protons breaks C$$_3$$

3

symmetry and is of the same order of magnitude as the tunnel splitting. Here, we consider the case of two methyl groups bound to the same sp$$^{3}$$

3

-hybridized atom, which is important in the context of common nitroxide spin labels. For a simple form of the rotor-rotor coupling Hamiltonian, we provide an approach that allows for density operator computations of this system with 1152 quantum states with moderate computational effort. We find that, in the regime where the ratio between rotor-rotor coupling and rotational barrier is much smaller than unity, three-pulse ESEEM and hyperfine-decoupled ESEEM depend only on the tunnel splitting, but not on this ratio. This finding may simplify the treatment of tunnel-induced electron decoherence in systems where the methyl groups are bound to sp$$^{3}$$

3

-hybridized atoms.
Racemization-free synthesis of Nα-2-thiophenoyl-phenylalanine-2-morpholinoanilide enantiomers and their antimycobacterial activity
Authors: Mann Lea , Lang Markus , Schulze Philipp , Halz Jan Henrik , Csuk René , Hoenke Sophie , Seidel Rüdiger W. , Richter Adrian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNα-2-thiophenoyl-d-phenylalanine-2-morpholinoanilide (MMV688845, IUPAC: N-(1-((2-morpholinophenyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide) from the Pathogen Box® library (Medicines for Malaria Ventures, MMV) is a promising lead compound for antimycobacterial drug development. Two straightforward synthetic routes to the title compound starting from phenylalanine or its Boc-protected derivative are reported. Employing Boc-phenylalanine as starting material and the T3P® and PyBOP® amide coupling reagents enables racemization-free synthesis, avoiding the need for subsequent separation of the enantiomers. The crystal structure of the racemic counterpart gives insight into the molecular structure and hydrogen bonding interactions in the solid state. The R-enantiomer of the title compound (derived from d-phenylalanine) exhibits activity against non-pathogenic and pathogenic mycobacterial strains, whereas the S-enantiomer is inactive. Neither of the enantiomers and the racemate of the title compound shows cytotoxicity against various mammalian cells.
Floquet modes and stability analysis of periodic orbit-attitude solutions along Earth–Moon halo orbits
Authors: Colombi Francesco , Colagrossi Andrea , Lavagna Michèle 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFuture space programmes pose some interesting research problems in the field of non-Keplerian dynamics, being the Moon and the cislunar space central in the proposed roadmap for the future space exploration. In these regards, the deployment of a cislunar space station on a non-Keplerian orbit in the lunar vicinity is a fundamental milestone to be achieved. The paper investigates the natural orbit-attitude dynamics and the attitude stabilisation of coupled motions for extended bodies in the Earth–Moon system. The discussion is carried out analysing the phase space of natural dynamics, constituted by both the orbital and the rotational periodic motions of a spacecraft in cislunar orbits. Floquet theory is applied to periodic orbit-attitude solutions in lunar proximity, to characterise their attitude stability properties and their attitude manifolds, which are discussed and analysed focusing on their dynamical features applicable to cislunar environment. Attitude stabilisation methods are proposed and developed, with particular attention to spin-stabilised solutions. Periodic orbit-attitude dynamics are studied to highlight possible favourable conditions that may be exploited to host a cislunar space station with a simplified control action. The focus of the analysis is dedicated to halo orbits and near-rectilinear halo orbit in the circular restricted three-body problem Earth–Moon system.
Analytical solutions for low-thrust orbit transfers
Authors: Di Carlo Marilena , Vasile Massimiliano 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper presents analytical solutions for the estimation of the $$\Delta V$$

Δ
V

cost of the transfer of a spacecraft subject to a low-thrust action. The equations represent an extension of solutions already available in the literature. Moreover, the paper presents novel analytical solutions for low-thrust transfers under the effect of the second-order zonal harmonics of the Earth’s gravitational potential. In particular, the paper is divided into two parts. The first part presents analytical expressions for the $$\Delta V$$

Δ
V

cost of transfers. All analytical equations were validated through numerical integration of the dynamics of the spacecraft. The second part of the paper introduces new analytical equations for low-thrust transfers between circular inclined orbits with different values of the right ascension of the ascending node, under the effect of the second-order zonal harmonic of the Earth’s gravitational potential. Both in the first and second parts, analytic solutions for the variation with time of the orbital elements during the transfer are presented. The proposed equations are applicable to low-thrust transfer realised through a long spiral trajectory.
Mapping humidity-dependent mechanical properties of a single cellulose fibre
Authors: Auernhammer Julia , Keil Tom , Lin Binbin , Schäfer Jan-Lukas , Xu Bai-Xiang , Biesalski Markus , Stark Robert W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractModelling of single cellulose fibres is usually performed by assuming homogenous properties, such as strength and Young’s modulus, for the whole fibre. Additionally, the inhomogeneity in size and swelling behaviour along the fibre is often disregarded. For better numerical models, a more detailed characterisation of the fibre is required. Herein, we report a method based on atomic force microscopy to map these properties along the fibre. A fibre was mechanically characterised by static colloidal probe AFM measurements along the longitudinal direction of the fibre. Thus, the contact stress and strain at each loading point could be extracted. Stress–strain curves were be obtained along the fibre. Additionally, mechanical properties such as adhesion or dissipation were mapped. Local variations of the effective fibre radius were recorded via confocal laser scanning microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy measurements revealed the local macroscopic fibril orientation and provided an overview of the fibre topography. By combining these data, regions along the fibre with higher adhesion, dissipation, bending ability and strain or differences in the contact stress when increasing the relative humidity could be identified. This combined approach allows for one to obtain a detailed picture of the mechanical properties of single fibres.Graphic abstract
Analysis of digital competence of educators (DigCompEdu) in teacher trainees: the context of Melilla, Spain
Authors: García-Vandewalle García José Manuel , García-Carmona Marina , Trujillo Torres Juan Manuel , Moya Fernández Pablo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Spanish autonomous city of Melilla, located in northwest Africa, has one of the highest academic failure and abandonment rates in Europe. An effective way to improve this situation would be to improve students’ digital competence. In order to do so, teachers must have competent digital skills themselves and also be able to teach them. To determine teachers’ level of digital competence, the Spanish adaptation of the European Framework for Digital Competence of Educators was used to analyse the self-assessment responses of teachers in training at the Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences in Melilla, Spain. Several quantitative techniques were used to analyse data collected from a questionnaire based on the items in the framework. Indicators were given to each competence using a factor analysis to contrast differences between undergraduate and postgraduate students. Correlations between some of the students’ characteristics and the competences were estimated using OLS. The results show students’ self-assessment level of digital competence in different areas and differences between the bachelor’s and master’s programmes. Digital competence gaps were also detected in teacher training, especially in security. The conclusions highlight the need to improve digital security and facilitate a higher level of digital skills in line with the framework. Indeed, more hours of training in digital competence are required while taking into account the educational context and the technological, pedagogical and content knowledge needed to teach. Equally, the same skills must be developed by educators in order for them to transmit digital competence to their students and support them in educational centres.
Alterations in Gut Vitamin and Amino Acid Metabolism are Associated with Symptoms and Neurodevelopment in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Hua Xueying , Yang Ting , Guo Min , Li Qiu , Xiao Lu , Li Ling , Chen Jie , Li Tingyu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMetabolic disturbance may be implicated in the pathogenesis of autism. This study aimed to investigate the gut metabolomic profiles of autistic children and to analyze potential interaction between gut metabolites with autistic symptoms and neurodevelopment levels. We involved 120 autistic and 60 neurotypical children. Autistic symptoms and neurodevelopment levels were assessed. Fecal samples were analyzed using untargeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. Our results showed the metabolic disturbances of autistic children involved in multiple vitamin and amino acid metabolism pathways, with the strongest enrichment identified for tryptophan metabolism, retinol metabolism, cysteine-methionine metabolism, and vitamin digestion and absorption. Differential gut metabolites were correlated to autistic symptoms and neurodevelopment levels. Our findings improved the understanding of the perturbations of metabolome networks in autism.
Quality of life and subjective sleep-related measures in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
Authors: Jermann Françoise , Perroud Nader , Favre Sophie , Aubry Jean-Michel , Richard-Lepouriel Hélène 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Diminished quality of life (QoL) has been reported in patients with mood disorders. QoL has also been shown to be decreased by sleep disturbances. Since sleep disorders are common in mood disorders, the aim of this study was to determine whether sleep characteristics are associated to QoL among patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) and unipolar Major Depressive Disorders (MDD).

Methods
QoL was assessed in 170 patients with mood disorders (61 BD and 109 MDD), who also completed questionnaires measuring the severity of insomnia, sleepiness, chronotype preference and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) probability index.

Results
Analyses showed that BD and MDD groups had similar QoL and sleep measures but the MDD group had higher OSA scores. In BD, correlations indicated a relationship between QoL and insomnia complaints and sleepiness, whereas in MDD, correlations indicated an association between QoL and insomnia complaints and OSA score. In both groups, QoL was related to depressive symptomatology. Linear regressions showed that, in BD, QoL was related to insomnia complaints and sleepiness even in the euthymic state, whereas in MDD, QoL was related to insomnia complaints but not in euthymic patients.

Conclusion
QoL is related to sleep differently in BD and MDD. The results suggest that insomnia and sleepiness are particularly high in BD even when patients are euthymic. These findings suggest that focusing on insomnia and sleepiness during different mood states of BD could increase QoL.
Conceptual engineering and operationalism in psychology
Authors: Vessonen Elina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper applies conceptual engineering to deal with four objections that have been levelled against operationalism in psychology. These objections are: (i) operationalism leads to harmful proliferation of concepts, (ii) operationalism goes hand-in-hand with untenable antirealism, (iii) operationalism leads to arbitrariness in scientific concept formation, and (iv) operationalism is incompatible with the usual conception of scientific measurement. Relying on a formulation of three principles of conceptual engineering, I will argue that there is a useful form of operationalism that does not fall prey to these four objections.
Understanding scientific progress: the noetic account
Authors: Dellsén Finnur 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhat is scientific progress? This paper advances an interpretation of this question, and an account that serves to answer it (thus interpreted). Roughly, the question is here understood to concern what type of cognitive change with respect to a topicXconstitutes a scientific improvement (to a greater or lesser extent) with respect toX. The answer explored in the paper is that the requisite type of cognitive change occurs when scientific results are made publicly available so as to make it possible for anyone to increase their understanding ofX. This account is briefly compared to two rival accounts of scientific progress, based respectively on increasing truthlikeness and accumulating knowledge, and is argued to be preferable to both.
Value of gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot assay in the diagnosis of peritoneal dialysis-associated tuberculous peritonitis
Authors: Fan Qiuxia , Huang Xiaoyan , Zhang Jieyun , Sun Yinan , Xiong Zuying , Xiong Zibo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Tuberculous peritonitis is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis infection in peritoneal dialysis patients. However, diagnosing tuberculous peritonitis quickly and early has always been a challenge for nephrologists. Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-specific gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISPOT) assay has been widely used in the clinical diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy and peritonitis, but its use has not been reported for uremia.

Methods
This study mainly verified the feasibility of using the M. tuberculosis antigen-specific IFN-γ ELISPOT assay in the diagnosis of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with tuberculous peritonitis. Taking M. tuberculosis culture as the gold standard, the IFN-γ ELISPOT assay was used to analyze peripheral blood and peritoneal dialysis fluid of patients, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in patients with tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) or non-tuberculous peritonitis (NTBP) were analyzed.

Results
The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.927 (95% CI 0.816–1.000, P = 0.001) for the ELISPOT assay with peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMC), which was higher than that for the ELISPOT assay with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (0.825, 95% CI 0.6490–1.000, P = 0.011). The cutoff value for the diagnosis of TBP was 40 spot-forming cells (SFCs)/2 × 105 for the ELISPOT with PBMC, with a sensitivity of 55.6%, a specificity of 92.3%, and a diagnostic efficiency of 77.3%. The cutoff value for the diagnosis of TBP was 100 SFCs/2 × 105 for the ELISPOT on PFMC, with a sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic efficiency 77.8%, 84.6%, and 81.8%, respectively. Parallel and serial testing algorithms appeared more accurate than single ELISPOT assays with PBMC, but ELISPOT assays with PFMC.

Conclusions
The IFN-γ release test can be used for the early diagnosis of CAPD-related TBP; compared with peripheral blood, peritoneal fluid may be a more effective and accurate medium to diagnose CAPD complicated with tuberculous peritonitis.
Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Counselling in Relation to Female Genital Cutting: Swedish Professionals’ Approach to Menstrual Pain as an Empirical Example
Authors: Palm Camilla , Johnsdotter Sara , Elmerstig Eva , Holmström Charlotta , Essén Birgitta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn Sweden, as well as in an international context, professionals are urged to acquire knowledge about possible health effects of female genital cutting (FGC) in order to tackle prevention and care in relation to the practice. While professionals are guided by policies and interventions focusing on medical effects of FGC, some scholars have cautioned that many popular beliefs about health risks rest on inconclusive evidence. The way professionals understand and respond to health information about FGC has in this context largely been left unexamined. This article aims to provide a qualitative exploration of how professionals in Sweden approach adolescent sexual and reproductive healthcare encounters in relation to acquired knowledge about FGC, using menstrual pain as an empirical example. The analysis shows that there was a tendency in counselling to differentiate young migrant women’s menstrual complaints from ordinary menstrual pain, with professionals understanding pain complaints either in terms of FGC or as culturally influenced. The study shows how professionals navigated their various sources of knowledge where FGC awareness worked as a lens through which young women’s health complaints were understood. Biomedical knowledge and culture-specific expectations and assumptions regarding menstrual pain also informed counselling. Finally, the article discusses how FGC awareness about health risks was used constructively as a tool to establish rapport and take a history on both menstrual pain and FGC. The analysis also recognises potential pitfalls of the approaches used, if not based in well-informed policies and interventions in the first place.