bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adequate asparaginase is important to prevent central nervous system and testicular relapse of pediatric Philadelphia chromosome‐negative B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Liu Chenxi , Huang Binxiao , Wu Ruichi , Chen Jing , Tang Yanjing , Hu Wenting , Li Jing , Chen Xiaoxiao , Cai Jiaoyang , Zhou Min , Chen Changcheng , Shen Shuhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAsparaginase (Asp) is one of the most important drugs for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, off‐protocol Asp administration (OPAA) or hypersensitivity may disturb its pharmacokinetic profile. In this retrospective study, we sought to determine whether OPAA and hypersensitivity to Escherichia coli asparaginase (E coli Asp) impaired extramedullary relapse prevention in a pediatric ALL cohort treated according to SCMC‐ALL‐2005 protocol from 2005 to 2014 at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC). In total, 676 patients were enrolled in this study, including 369 with OPAA and 60 exhibiting hypersensitivity to E coli Asp. At the end of the most recent follow‐up, 58 patients had extramedullary relapse. The 5‐year cumulative extramedullary relapse incidence in patients with OPAA was 11.01%, whereas that in patients without OPAA was 5.28% (P = .0036). Moreover, the 5‐year cumulative extramedullary relapse incidence in patients that exhibited hypersensitivity to E coli Asp was 16.48%, whereas that in patients without hypersensitivity was 7.59% (P = .0195). Concerning the relapse site, OPAA not only increased central nervous system (CNS) relapse but testicular relapse as well. Based on Fine and Gray multivariate analysis, OPAA and hypersensitivity to Asp were independent risk factors for extramedullary relapse. In conclusion, to prevent extramedullary relapse of ALL, adequate duration to administrate Asp was more important than the total dosage, and more attention should be paid to Asp inadequate due to hypersensitivity.
Intrauterine device use and risk of ovarian cancer: Results from the New England Case‐Control study and Nurses' Health Studies
Authors: Yang Jiaxi , Sasamoto Naoko , Babic Ana , Vitonis Allison F. , Townsend Mary K. , Titus Linda , Cramer Daniel W. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Terry Kathryn L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractResults of studies assessing intrauterine device (IUD) use and ovarian cancer risk are inconsistent. We examined the association between IUD use, including duration, type and timing of use, and ovarian cancer risk using three population‐based studies. Data from the New England Case‐Control Study (NEC) and two prospective cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS/NHSII), were included in the analysis. Information on IUD use was collected by in‐person interview in NEC and by biennial questionnaire in NHS/NHSII. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in NEC and Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI in NHS/NHSII. We used meta‐analysis to combine the NEC and the pooled NHS/NHSII results. Overall, IUD use was not associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.81‐1.14 in NEC; HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.69‐1.15 in NHS/NHSII; combined RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.81‐1.08). Among IUD users, older age at first use was associated with increased ovarian cancer risk (P‐trend = .03). We did not observe significant associations by IUD type or duration of use. In conclusion, IUD use was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in our study.
Thyroid cancer and its associated factors: A population‐based case‐control study
Authors: Parad Mohammad Taher , Fararouei Mohammad , Mirahmadizadeh Ali Reza , Afrashteh Sima 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConsidering the rising incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer (TC) worldwide, the aim of our study was to determine the risk factors for TC in a province with the highest incidence of TC in the country located at the South of Iran. A population‐based case‐control study was performed on 708 participants (361 new cases and 347 controls). The case participants were selected from the Iranian National Cancer Registry database. Frequency matched for gender and age, and the control participants were selected randomly from the neighborhood of the cases. Based on the results of multiple logistic regression analysis, benign thyroid diseases (eg, hyperthyroidism ORyes/no= 14.06, 95% CI: 5.13‐38.51), family history of TC (ORyes/no= 3.54, 95% CI: 1.51‐8.26), radiation exposure of the head (ORyes/no= 1.92, 95% CI: 1.03‐3.60), family history of thyroid diseases (ORyes/no= 1.76, 95% CI: 1.19‐2.62) and family history of other types of cancer (ORyes/no= 1.67, 95% CI: 1.01‐2.74), significantly increased the risk of developing TC. On the other hand, high blood pressure (ORyes/no= 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19‐0.64), higher education (ORcollege/illiterate= 0.54, 95% CI: 0.30‐0.96), consumption of unsaturated fat (ORunsaturated/saturated= 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39‐0.87) and being married (ORmarried/single= 0.60, 95% CI 0.37‐0.98) were found to be protective factors. Some community‐based interventions, for example, reduction in radiation exposure and screening members of families with underlying thyroid diseases may help in preventing or early diagnosis of TC. More studies on the health effects of local herbs are highly recommended.
Lactobacillus cell‐free supernatant as a novel bioagent and biosurfactant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the prevention and treatment of orthopedic implant infection
Authors: Jeyanathan Augustina , Ramalhete Rita , Blunn Gordon , Gibbs Hannah , Pumilia Cyrus Anthony , Meckmongkol Teerin , Lovejoy John , Coathup Melanie J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe hypothesis was that probiotic Lactobacillus species (spp.) or their cell‐free supernatant (CFS) are effective in inhibiting (a) planktonic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), (b) its adhesion to a Ti6Al4V‐alloy surface, and (c) in dispersing biofilm once formed. (a) A planktonic co‐culture containing PA(104 colony‐forming unit [CFU]/ml) was combined with either Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), or Lactobacillus fermentum (LF) at a suspension of 104 (1:1) or 108 CFU/ml (1:2). Lactobacillus and PA CFUs were then quantified. (b) Ti‐6Al‐4V discs were inoculated with PA followed by supplementation with CFS and adherent PA quantified. (c) Biofilm covered discs were supplemented with Lactobacillus CFS and remaining PA activity quantified. Results showed that whole‐cell cultures were ineffective in preventing PA growth; however, the addition of CFS resulted in a 99.99 ± 0.003% reduction in adherent PA in all Lactobacillus groups (p < .05 in all groups) with no viable PA growth measured in the LF and LP groups. Following PA biofilm formation, CFS resulted in a significant reduction in PA activity in all Lactobacillus groups (p ≤ .05 in all groups) with a 29.75 ± 15.98% increase measured in control samples. Supplementation with CFS demonstrated antiadhesive, antibiofilm, and toxic properties to PA.
Skeletal Response to Insulin in the Naturally Occurring Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mouse Model
Authors: Dixit Manisha , Liu Zhongbo , Poudel Sher Bahadur , Yildirim Gozde , Zhang Yanjiao Zhang , Mehta Shilpa , Murik Omer , Altarescu Geona , Kobayashi Yoshifumi , Shimizu Emi , Schaffler Mitchell B. , Yakar Shoshana 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTPatients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) exhibit reduced BMD and significant increases in fracture risk. Changes in BMD are attributed to blunted osteoblast activity and inhibited bone remodeling, but these cannot fully explain the impaired bone integrity in T1DM. The goal of this study was to determine the cellular mechanisms that contribute to impaired bone morphology and composition in T1DM. Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice were used, along with μCT, histomorphometry, histology, Raman spectroscopy, and RNAseq analyses of several skeletal sites in response to naturally occurring hyperglycemia and insulin treatment. The bone volume in the axial skeleton was found to be severely reduced in diabetic NOD mice and was not completely resolved with insulin treatment. Decreased bone volume in diabetic mice was associated with increased sclerostin expression in osteocytes and attenuation of bone formation indices without changes in bone resorption. In the face of blunted bone remodeling, decreases in the mineral:matrix ratio were found in cortical bones of diabetic mice by Raman microspectroscopy, suggesting that T1DM did not affect the bone mineralization process per se, but rather resulted in microenvironmental alterations that favored mineral loss. Bone transcriptome analysis indicated metabolic shifts in response to T1DM. Dysregulation of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, transport, and synthesis was found in diabetic NOD mice. Specifically, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4 and glucose transporter 1 levels were increased, whereas phosphorylated‐AKT levels were significantly reduced in diabetic NOD mice. In conclusion, in addition to the blunted bone formation, osteoblasts and osteocytes undergo metabolic shifts in response to T1DM that may alter the microenvironment and contribute to mineral loss from the bone matrix. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The effect of amino‐modified mesoporous silica nanospheres on properties of SPEEK/HPW@Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles proton exchange membrane
Authors: Meng Xiaoyu , Li Chunjuan , Wen Jihong , Ye Haimu , Cong Chuanbo , Zhou Qiong , Xu Lixin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIncorporating acid proton carriers into a polymer matrix is an effective way to improve proton conductivity, but the immobilization of acids is a problem. In this work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) incorporating phosphotungstic acid (HPW) into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) improved the conductivity of the proton exchange membrane. Meanwhile, the surface of the MSNs was aminated, and the ion interaction with SPEEK was established to increase the dispersion of MSNs. Composite membranes doped with surface‐modified silica (K‐MSNs) have excellent proton conductivity and conductivity stability. When the K‐MSNs content was 1 wt%, the proton conductivity of the composite membrane reached 243 mS/cm at 60°C. After 240 hr of immersion at 60°C, proton conductivity was retained at 210 mS/cm. Compared with MSNs, K‐MSNs has a large number of amino groups on its surface, which can effectively reduce the loss of HPW.
Psychometrics and cultural adaptations of the Communities That Care Youth Survey: A systematic review
Authors: Thurow Charlene F. , Nunes Cyntia , Schneider Daniela R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsThe Communities That Care Youth Survey (CTCYS) is an assessment for youth risk and protective factors focused on antisocial behaviors, drug abuse, violence, and delinquency. The systematic review aimed to analyze psychometric validations and cross‐cultural adaptation processes of CTCYS to prepare its Brazilian validation.MethodsPubMed, SpringerLink, Scopus, and Web of Science were the databases included. The study followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) protocol.ResultsTwenty articles were selected based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In general, the construct validity indexes were considered adequate, and the measures of risk and protective factors were equivalent between ethnic groups, gender, and populations at risk. Reliability values for most scales are good, averaging about 0.78. We found cultural adaptations from six different countries with some satisfactory results, but not so good as the original properties of CTCYS and the adjustments to other ethnic groups or subpopulations in the United States.ConclusionThis survey may be a potentially reliable and valid instrument to assess risk and protection in different cultures and populations. However, there is still a gap in the instrument's cross‐cultural adaptation processes.
Exploring network derived indicators of acculturation among college enrolled Latinxs: Examining language use and homophily in support networks
Authors: Archuleta Adrian J. , Dajani Mona A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcculturation measures focus on the perceived composition of a person's social networks as a characteristic of cultural change but have not focused on specific social relationships as sources of evaluation. The current study explores network‐derived indicators of acculturation and determines the viability of network acculturation as a related, but distinct, construct from enculturation. A first‐order ego network electronic survey design was used to gather social network and traditional survey data from a sample of college‐enrolled Latinxs using name generator and name interpreter questions. Findings indicate low but statistically significant correlations between network indicators of acculturation and enculturation as hypothesized. No group differences in network acculturation were observed between generational statuses despite demonstrated differences in psychological enculturation. The low but statistically significant relationships between enculturation and network acculturation suggest conceptually related but distinct indicators of acculturation. Latinx homophily was the strongest predictor of enculturation, revealing the importance of network characteristics.
The multifaceted role of sortilin/neurotensin receptor 3 in human cancer development
Authors: Ghaemimanesh Fatemeh , Mehravar Majid , Milani Saeideh , Poursani Ensieh M. , Saliminejad Kioomars 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSortilin (also known as neurotensin receptor 3) is a multitasking protein implicated in numerous pathophysiological processes, including cancer development, cardiovascular impairment, Alzheimer‐type dementia, and depression. Although the definitive role of sortilin in human solid and hematological malignancies has been evidenced, few articles reviewed the task. The aim of the current review is to unravel the mechanisms by which sortilin controls oncogenicity and cancer progression; and also to summarize and discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. Questions on how sortilin is involving in the impairment of cell junctions, in exosomes composition and release, as well as in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor trafficking are also responded. In addition, we provide a special focus on the regulatory role of sortilin in signal transduction by either neurotrophins or neurotensin in normal and malignant cells. The relevance of sortilin with normal and cancer stem cells is also discussed. The last section provides a general overview of sortilin applications as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the context of cancer detection. Finally, we comment on the future research aspects in which the field of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy might be developed.
Pathogenesis and prospects for therapeutic clinical application of noncoding RNAs in glaucoma: Systematic perspectives
Authors: Rong Rong , Wang Mengxiao , You Mengling , Li Haibo , Xia Xiaobo , Ji Dan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNoncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are an increasingly studied class of RNA molecules with extensive biological activities, including important roles in human development, health, and disease. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina, and one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. However, the specific roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of glaucoma are unclear, and related reports are fragmented. An in‐depth understanding of ncRNAs participating in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma would be helpful for opening up new avenues to facilitate the early diagnosis and clinical treatment. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to discuss the current research progress, the potentialfuture clinical applications and the research limitations of three critical classes of ncRNAs in glaucoma, namely microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs.
Influence of chest conformation on ventricular‐arterial coupling during normal pregnancy
Authors: Sonaglioni Andrea , Rigamonti Elisabetta , Nicolosi Gian Luigi , Bianchi Stefano , Lombardo Michele 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeThere is still controversy regarding the changes of ventricular‐arterial coupling (VAC) during normal pregnancy. The possible influence of chest shape on VAC during normal pregnancy has never been investigated.MethodsBetween October 2019 and June 2020, 59 healthy pregnant women (33.7 ± 4.4 years/old) were consecutively included. They underwent obstetric visit, modified Haller index (MHI) assessment, and complete echocardiographic evaluation with blood pressure measurement to assess arterial elastance (Ea), end‐systolic elastance (Ees), and Ea/Ees as an index of VAC, at 12‐14 weeks and 36‐38 weeks gestation, then 6‐9 weeks after delivery.ResultsVAC progressively increased from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy, then decreased in the postpartum (P < 0.0001) in the whole study population. Women with concave‐shaped chest wall (MHI >2.5, n = 31) but not women with normal chest shape (MHI ≤2.5, n = 28) showed a progressive increase in VAC during normal pregnancy. Women with MHI >2.5 showed a significantly less pronounced increase in stroke volume index (SVi) from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. There was a strong linear correlation between third trimester MHI and VAC (r = 0.93).ConclusionsAnatomical and/or extrinsic mechanical factors rather than impaired arterial elastance or reduced left ventricular contractility may contribute to changes in VAC during normal pregnancy in women with concave‐shaped chest wall.
Postoperative elevation of C‐reactive protein levels and high drain fluid amylase output are strong predictors of pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Sakamoto Katsunori , Ogawa Kohei , Tamura Kei , Iwata Miku , Matsui Takashi , Nishi Yusuke , Nagaoka Tomoyuki , Funamizu Naotake , Takai Akihiro , Takada Yasutsugu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to identify the predictors of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after distal pancreatectomy (DP).MethodsThe records of 97 consecutive patients who underwent DP at Ehime University Hospital between June 2009 and August 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics, preoperative blood biochemistry data, operative findings, and postoperative findings until postoperative day (POD) 3 were investigated as potential predictors of clinically relevant POPF (CR‐POPF). The product of the drain fluid amylase (DFA) value (U/L) and the drainage amount (mL/day) was defined as DFA output (U/day).ResultsOf 97 patients who underwent DP, 23 (23.7%) developed CR‐POPF. On multivariate analyses, high C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels on POD 3 (>14.0 mg/dL) and high DFA output on POD 3 (>34 U/day) were found to be independent predictors of CR‐POPF (odds ratios, 7.580 and 4.751, respectively; 95% confidence intervals, 2.052‐27.995 and 1.487‐15.175, respectively). Furthermore, the CRP value was helpful for predicting delayed CR‐POPF in patients without POPF on POD3, and DFA output was useful for predicting the development of CR‐POPF in patients diagnosed with POPF on POD3.ConclusionPostoperative CRP values and DFA output may facilitate appropriate postoperative management after DP.
A scalable electrothermal model using a three‐dimensional thermal analysis model forGaN‐on‐diamondhigh‐electron‐mobility transistors
Authors: Li Youda , Mao Shuman , Fu Yu , Xu Ruiming , Yan Bo , Zhang Yong , Xu Yuehang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA scalable eletrothermal model is necessary for a high‐power amplifier design for accurate accounting of thermal effects. Toward this end, this study presents a scalable large‐signal model of gallium‐nitride (GaN) high‐electron‐mobility transistors (HEMTs) on diamond substrates. First, a three‐dimensional (3D) thermal analysis model was established. Then, a modified eletrothemal expression was proposed to predict thermal effects including scalability. For validation, the proposed model was implemented into quasi‐physics zone division (QPZD) large‐signal model. Results show that the proposed model accurately predicts theI–Vcurves of devices with different gate widths, gate fingers, and ambient temperatures. Moreover, the results of the model are consistent with on‐wafer measurements of 2 × 125, 4 × 125, and 10 × 50 μm of GaN‐on‐diamond HEMTs, indicating that the proposed model accurately predicts the DC–IVcurves, scattering parameters, and large‐signal performance. The findings of this study can be useful for designing microwave diamond–GaN HEMT circuits.
Simultaneous and collocated tornado and flash flood warnings associated with tropical cyclones in the contiguous United States
Authors: Burow Daniel , Ellis Kelsey , Tran Liem 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSimultaneous and collocated tornado and flash flood (TORFF) warnings are a dangerous hazard because the recommended protective action for the two threats are opposite, leaving residents unsure if they should shelter below or seek higher ground. Tropical cyclones (TCs) cause both tornadoes and flash flooding and are thus favourable environments for TORFF warnings. In this study, we provide a unique examination of TORFF warnings in 32 TCs that made landfall in the contiguous United States between 2008 and 2018. We identify TC TORFF warning characteristics including duration, area, distance from coastline, geographic location, and location relative to TC centre, and we compare these results to established findings on TC tornadoes. We found that TORFF warnings were geographically most common in the states of Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, and within 200 km of the coastline. TORFF warnings occurred almost exclusively east of TC centre. When compared to TC tornadoes, TORFF warnings were relatively more frequent nearer to the coastline and in the right‐back quadrant of the TC. Over half (59%) of the 32 TCs we studied produced at least one TORFF warning. Using logistic regression, we determined that TC intensity effectively determines how likely a TC is to produce at least one TORFF warning, while TC translational velocity determines how likely a TC is to produce many TORFF warnings. Thus, intense TCs were likely to produce at least a few TORFF warnings, while intense and slow‐moving TCs were likely to produce many TORFF warnings. These findings establish a knowledge base on the climatological characteristics of this unique and dangerous hazard.