bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative trait locus mapping analysis of multiple traits when using genotype data with potential errors
Authors: Tong Liang , Zhou Ying , Guo Yixing , Ding Hui , Ji Donghai 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundQuantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis aims to locate and estimate the effects of the genes influencing quantitative traits and infer the relationship between gene variants and changes in phenotypic characteristics using statistical methods. Some methods have been developed to map QTLs of multiple traits in the case of no genotype error in a given dataset. However, practical genetic data that people use may contain some potential errors because of the limitations of biotechnology. Common genetic data correction methods can only reduce errors, but cannot calculate the degree of error. In this paper, we propose a QTL mapping strategy for multiple traits in the presence of genotype errors.MethodsThe additive effect, dominant effect, recombination rate, error rate, and other parameters of QTLs can be simultaneously obtained using this new method in the framework of multiple-interval mapping.ResultsOur simulation results show that the accuracy of parameter estimation can be improved by considering the errors of marker genotypes during the analysis of genetic data. Real data analysis also shows that the new method proposed in this paper can map the QTLs of multiple traits more accurately.
Effectiveness and Utilization of Field Trip as a Method of Teaching and Learning Chemistry in Senior Secondary Schools in a Council Area of Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Appolinus I. Ehirim, , Nwankwo Ikechukwu- , C. Prisca , Kenneth O. Amanze, , StellaMaris O. Unegbu, 
Published: September 2021

The study assessed the effectiveness and utilization of field trip as a method of teaching and learning chemistry at senior secondary schools in Owerri Municipal Council Area of Imo State, Nigeria. The population of the study was all the 4664 chemistry students in the government-owned secondary schools in the Council. Simple random sampling technique was used to select five schools and 20% of the numbers of chemistry students in each of the sampled schools were used to obtain the sample size of 288 chemistry students. Four research questions were posed for the study. The research was descriptive survey design and questionnaires were used to elicit relevant data while mean rating was used for the analyses of the data obtained for the study. The results gave grand means of 3.14, 1.70, 3.51 and 3.21 for research questions 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. These findings showed that field trip is interactive, motivating and provides opportunity for chemistry students to widen their practical knowledge of industrial application of chemistry; chemistry teachers do not utilize field trip in teaching and learning of chemistry; lack of chemistry and chemical process-based industries, time constraint, transportation cost/risk, and the organizing process are the factors that influence effective utilization of field trip. Based on the findings, it was recommended that school field trips should reinforce the curriculum and they should be arranged at every level of the Department at various times, criterion based set of guidelines for planning and conducting successful field trips should be developed; workshops and seminars should be organized for teachers on the importance of field trip and its utilization in the teaching and learning of chemistry. Again, when considering a field trip, teachers are advised to first consult with their administrator regarding existing school board policies and follow that recommended procedure. School authorities should assist in the provision of funds or transportation for field trips.
Implementation of Trade-off, Local Component, and Offset Policy Pt. Pindad (Persero) in Supporting the Defense Economy
Authors: Arsita Savira Ayu , Saputro Guntur Eko , Sarjito Aris 
Published: September 2021

The fundamental problems in economic development in Indonesia are the low level of welfare, unsustainable economic growth, and the inadequate development process of economic sectors. Defense Economics is a branch of science that applies economics to national defense issues. Defense economics as a multidisciplinary study discusses resource allocation, income distribution, economic growth, and political stability as applied to topics related to defense. One of the efforts of the Indonesian government in increasing the capability of the defense industry is to implement a trade-off, local component, and offset policy also known as IDKLO. The Indonesian government in carrying out this mechanism has formed a cooperation with various industrial bodies, locally and internationally such as PT. Pindad (Persero). In carrying out its duties, PT. Pindad (Persero) experienced several obstacles for instance the limitations on the company's high technology mastery in building defense equipment, the availability of funding, and inadequate human resources regarding technical and academic matters. The purpose of this study was to find out how the implementation of the IDKLO policy was carried out by PT. Pindad (Persero) in developing the defense industry. The data collection process is carried out through a literature review method on scientific articles, laws and regulations, as well as PT Pindad's (Persero) annual report related to the IDKLO for the procurement of defense equipment. The results show that the implementation of PT Pindad's (Persero) (IDKLO) is divided into 3 main activities, namely the Ministry of Defense contract with the principal, the principal contract with the defense industry, and the completion of the local component and offsets (KLO) contract. Several variables to support the implementation of PT Pindad’s (Persero) IDKLO are the ability to communicate, its resources, the bureaucracy, and the disposition which could improve the capability of the defense industry of the Republic of Indonesia.
A Cross-sectional Study to Assess the Risk of Diabetes Mellitus among Pre-diabetes Obese People of Selected Rural Area of Waghodia Taluka, Vadodara
Authors: Adithya S. , Ranganatha C. , Gayathri M. 
Published: September 2021

Background: India is the diabetic capital of the world, with a maximum number of diabetic patients. There is a large burden of undetected diabetic cases in the community. There is an increasing risk of diabetes in urban slums and rural areas, because of illiteracy, lack of awareness, low socioeconomic status, and unhealthy lifestyle. The Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) is a simple, low-cost, feasible tool for mass screening programs at the community level. This background study was planned with the following aim. Aim: As72.2% of the Indian population resides in rural areas, the current study was carried to assess the risk of diabetes mellitus among Pre-Diabetes obese people and to find out the association between the risk of diabetes mellitus and selected demographic variables.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was adapted. 400 subjects were recruited by non-probability purposive sampling technique among Pre-Diabetes obese people The data gathering was carried out with an Indian Diabetic Risk Score scale (IDRS). The collected data was optimized and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
Results: With regards to the risk assessment of Diabetes Mellitus, Out of 400subjects, 19.5% of the subjects belonged to no/low risk, 58.75% of the subjects belonged to moderate risk and 21.75% of the subjects belonged to very high risk as per IDRS.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that the risk of diabetes among adults is on rising in rural areas. Hence it is essential to create awareness about diabetes and accessibility to health care services among the rural population. Physical activity likes regular exercise, diet, and lifestyle modification are some of the interventions that can reduce the risk of diabetes.
A Rare Case of Pansinusitis Fungal Mucormycosis with Orbital Involvement in Post COVID-19 Patient and Its Treatment
Authors: Ghungrud Deepali , Sharma Ranjana , Singh Seema , Ankar Ruchira 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Covid-19 pandemic disease and its infections caused may be associated with bacterial and fungal co-infections.
Case Presentation: A 61- year-old male patient, after Covid-19 disease admitted in hospital with the complaints of headache, right eye swelling, watering of right eyes, loss of vision since 2 days, also has history of loss of appetite, no history of febrile illness. Patient having history of diabetic mellitus but it was under control. As per physical examination left eye’s vision was reduced but eye movement was present. In right eye there was swelling of periorbital region, redness, watering of eyes was present and perception of light was negative due to damaged optic nerve. Loss of vision was found, eye movement was not present. Patient having mucormycosis fungal infection which was confirmed on culture test. All blood investigations were done. All reports were normal except white blood cells (WBC) were raised with 13400cu.mm. Random blood sugar (RBS) 250 mg%. Without delay medical treatment was started and patient was kept under strict observation.Spo2 were 97%, pulse rate 78 beats/ min.
Conclusion: Here we would like to bring into notice that, Medical team members should know about the danger of secondary invasive fungal infection in a patient after Covid 19 disease. This type of cases can be prevented by using hygienic technique while handling of patient and proper standard treatment. It is necessary to prevent the spread of infection and its mortality and morbidity. Hence, medical practitioners should be aware of early clinical manifestation of the disease.
An evaluation of clinical decision support tools for Patient Health Questionnaire-9 administration
Authors: Maten Naweid , Kroehl Miranda E. , Loeb Danielle F. , Bhat Shubha , Ota Taylor , Billups Sarah J. , Schilling Lisa M. , Heckman Simeon , Reingardt Crystal , Trinkley Katy E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Many health care institutions are working to improve depression screening and management with the use of the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Clinical decision support (CDS) within the EHR is one strategy, but little is known about effective approaches to design or implement such CDS. The purpose of this study is to compare implementation outcomes of two versions of a CDS tool to improve PHQ-9 administration for patients with depression.

Methods
This was a retrospective, observational study comparing two versions of a CDS. Version 1 interrupted clinician workflow, and version 2 did not interrupt workflow. Outcomes of interest included reach, adoption, and effectiveness. PHQ-9 administration was determined by chart review. Chi-square tests were used to evaluate associations between PHQ-9 administration with versions 1 and 2.

Results
Version 1 resulted in PHQ-9 administration 77 times (15.3% of 504 unique encounters) compared with 49 times (9.8% of 502 unique encounters) with version 2 (P = .011).

Discussion
An interruptive CDS tool may be more effective at increasing PHQ-9 administration, but a noninterruptive CDS tool may be preferred to minimize alert fatigue despite a decrease in effectiveness.
Disability and workers' compensation trends for employees with mental disorders and SUDs in the United States
Authors: Brook Richard A. , Kleinman Nathan L. , Beren Ian A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction
US employee absence benefits may include workers' compensation (WC) for work-related injuries/illnesses, short- and long-term disability (STD and LTD, respectively) for non–work-related injuries/illnesses, and discretionary sick leave (SL). Absences can significantly impact business performance, and employers are intensifying efforts to manage benefits and connections with employee health. This research compares all-cause STD/LTD/WC/SL use and variation from baseline (2002) for eligible employees (EMPs) with mental disorders (MDs) and SUDs to determine if use/payments varied over time.

Methods
Employees incurring medical claims with Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality MD and SUD ICD-9/10 codes were identified in the WorkPartners database (January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2019). Retrospective analysis was performed on annual prevalence, benefit use, mean days of leave, and median payments as a percent of salary (including lump-sum distributions and potentially extending beyond initiation year). WC claims without work absences were excluded. For each benefit, annual outcomes were calculated as a percent of baseline to show variability.

Results
Use was 48.1% to 202.2% (median, 102.8%) of baseline rates for SL (SUD-EMPs), and 87.3% to 108.4% (median, 97.3%) for STD (MD-EMPs). Days of LTD leaves were 21.5% to 657.8% (median, 359.2%) of baseline days (MD-EMPs), and 122.7% to 1042.2% (median, 460.0%) of baseline days for (SUD-EMPs). Median payments for WC were 78.6% to 253.6% (median, 114.6%) of baseline (MD-EMPs) and 97.9% to 481.6% (median, 104.0%) for SUD-EMPs.

Discussion
Employees with MD/SUD used absence benefits at differing rates over time with varying days of leave and payments as a percent of salary. Using a constant cost or salary replacement factor over time for all benefits is not accurate or appropriate.
Probable haloperidol decanoate-induced fever in an African American with benign ethnic neutropenia: A case report
Authors: Youniss Lara , Thomas Michele , Davis Erica A. K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present a case in which a patient developed fever and leukocytosis subsequent to each monthly haloperidol decanoate injection, an adverse reaction that does not meet the diagnostic criteria of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) or any previously reported adverse reaction for this medication. A patient being treated with haloperidol decanoate for psychosis experienced a fever within 3 days of injection and leukocytosis along with swelling, pain, and a “knot” feeling at the injection site. This recurred after each injection for several months. Muscle rigidity or changes in vital signs other than temperature were not noted. Temperature and injection site reactions resolved with administration of acetaminophen and ibuprofen. The elevation in temperature was discovered as a result of universal twice daily temperature monitoring implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Reports of fever with antipsychotics are typically associated with NMS or heat stroke; the details of this case do not meet the clinical criteria for either. Similar reactions are reported for other antipsychotics, such as clozapine and olanzapine, but not for haloperidol. The recommendation was to discontinue use of the medication due to an unclear mechanism of the reaction.
The use of concurrent long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapy with paliperidone palmitate and aripiprazole monohydrate in a patient with schizophrenia
Authors: Evernden Christopher , Giang Irene , Anderson Mariah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
International schizophrenia guidelines endorse seeking the patient's preference for guiding antipsychotic therapy. There exists a small niche of patients who prefer, or are required to use, long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications due to the adherence benefit. However, they may not be able to achieve adequate symptom reduction prior to experiencing treatment-limiting adverse effects from a single agent. Here, we present a patient case prescribed concurrent long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapy with paliperidone palmitate and aripiprazole monohydrate due to patient preference in the setting of a history of nonadherence to oral medications, treatment-limiting adverse effects to long-acting injectable paliperidone, and failure to achieve adequate symptom reduction with long-acting injectable aripiprazole monotherapy.
Planning and delivery of intensity modulated bolus electron conformal therapy
Authors: Hilliard Elizabeth N. , Carver Robert L. , Chambers Erin L. , Kavanaugh James A. , Erhart Kevin J. , McGuffey Andrew S. , Hogstrom Kenneth R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeBolus electron conformal therapy (BECT) is a clinically useful, well‐documented, and available technology. The addition of intensity modulation (IM) to BECT reduces volumes of high dose and dose spread in the planning target volume (PTV). This paper demonstrates new techniques for a process that should be suitable for planning and delivering IM‐BECT using passive radiotherapy intensity modulation for electrons (PRIME) devices.MethodsThe IM‐BECT planning and delivery process is an addition to the BECT process that includes intensity modulator design, fabrication, and quality assurance. The intensity modulator (PRIME device) is a hexagonal matrix of small island blocks (tungsten pins of varying diameter) placed inside the patient beam‐defining collimator (cutout). Its design process determines a desirable intensity‐modulated electron beam during the planning process, then determines the island block configuration to deliver that intensity distribution (segmentation). The intensity modulator is fabricated and quality assurance performed at the factory (.decimal, LLC, Sanford, FL). Clinical quality assurance consists of measuring a fluence distribution in a plane perpendicular to the beam in a water or water‐equivalent phantom. This IM‐BECT process is described and demonstrated for two sites, postmastectomy chest wall and temple. Dose plans, intensity distributions, fabricated intensity modulators, and quality assurance results are presented.ResultsIM‐BECT plans showed improved D90‐10 over BECT plans, 6.4% versus 7.3% and 8.4% versus 11.0% for the postmastectomy chest wall and temple, respectively. Their intensity modulators utilized 61 (single diameter) and 246 (five diameters) tungsten pins, respectively. Dose comparisons for clinical quality assurance showed that for doses greater than 10%, measured agreed with calculated dose within 3% or 0.3 cm distance‐to‐agreement (DTA) for 99.9% and 100% of points, respectively.ConclusionThese results demonstrated the feasibility of translating IM‐BECT to the clinic using the techniques presented for treatment planning, intensity modulator design and fabrication, and quality assurance processes.
Is your memory better than mine? Investigating the mechanisms and determinants of the memory conformity effect using a modified MORI technique
Authors: Kękuś Magdalena , Polczyk Romuald , Ito Hiroshi , Mori Kazuo , Barzykowski Krystian 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe paper presents the memory conformity effect phenomenon, which assumes that information about the same event that a witness acquires from another witness (misinformation) is incorporated into the first witness' memory of the event (original information). The study has two goals: (1) to verify the existence of people with the memory conformity effect who are aware of discrepancy between original information and misinformation; (2) to determine why they choose misinformation despite the correctness of their own memories. In addition, we examine the relationship between susceptibility to social influence, compliance, suggestibility and memory conformity. Importantly, these relationships will be analyzed in interaction with awareness of discrepancy, which has not yet been examined in previous studies. More precisely, we will apply a new research approach to further investigate the causes of memory conformity. To this end, we will specifically analyze participants' awareness of discrepancies between the details of an observed event and the misinformation presented by another witness. In order to examine the memory conformity effect, we will use the MORI technique, which ensures high ecological validity. The two members of each pair of participants will sit next to each other and each will not be aware that the other watched a different version of the same event. Then, the participants will answer related questions and discuss the contradictory details. Subsequently, the subjects will complete an individual recognition test. Importantly, after the main part of the study (i.e., the MORI procedure), participants will be explicitly informed about the different versions of the event and they will be asked to complete awareness of discrepancy questionnaires. This will allow us to further examine the driving forces underlying the memory conformity effect. We expect the study's results to expand the knowledge on the mechanisms and determinants of the strength of the memory conformity effect and to contribute to the development of effective techniques that reduce the effect of this phenomenon.
ROS‐Catalytic Transition‐Metal‐Based Enzymatic Nanoagents for Tumor and Bacterial Eradication
Authors: Li Ling , Cao Lijian , Xiang Xi , Wu Xizheng , Ma Lang , Chen Fan , Cao Sujiao , Cheng Chong , Deng Dawei , Qiu Li 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe extensive research into developing new nanomedicines during the past few years has witnessed significant progress in diverse biomedical fields, especially for combating drug resistance in antitumor and antibacterial therapies. Recently, transition‐metal‐based enzymatic nanoagents (TM‐EnzNAs) with catalytic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been designed and intensively explored, which have become powerful nanoplatforms and exciting research frontiers in constructing next‐generation nanotherapeutics to combat drug‐resistant tumors and bacteria. Here, the focus is on the recent design, fundamental principles, and material chemistries in developing and applications of TM‐EnzNAs. At first, the different ROS‐producing mechanisms and the key factors to enhance ROS level are carefully concluded, and the analytic methods are systematically summarized. Then, the rationally engineered TM‐EnzNAs via different synthetic approaches with high ROS producing efficiencies are comprehensively discussed, especially the catalytic activities, mechanisms, and structure–function relationships. After that, the representative applications of these ROS‐catalytic TM‐EnzNAs for antitumor and bacterial eradication are summarized in detail. Finally, the primary challenges and future perspectives have also been outlined. It is anticipated new therapeutic insights into combating drug‐resistant tumors and bacteria will be provided, and significant new inspiration for designing future enzymatic nanoagents is offered.
Polaron Hopping Induced Giant Room‐Temperature Magnetodielectric Effect in Disordered Rutile NiNb2O6
Authors: Wang Jian , Gao Dandan , Xie Jiyang , Hu Wanbiao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA majority of the existing magnetodielectric (MD) effects based on spin‐lattice coupling or magnetic transitions are either too weak or far below room temperature, which challenges the potential applications of MD materials. Here, a giant room‐temperature MD coefficient of −62% at 1 Tesla (T) in disordered rutile NiNb2O6 (r‐NiNb2O6) ceramic in terms of the spin‐dependent polaron hopping is demonstrated. The r‐NiNb2O6 exhibits a near‐room‐temperature dielectric relaxation, which is ascribed to the polaron‐hopping‐induced grain polarization. This dielectric relaxation process, strikingly, can be controlled by the external magnetic field (H = 1 T) at 220 K< T< 310 K, achieving a giant MD coefficient of −62% (at 10k Hz) at 298 K. Further systematic investigations on the magnetic, electrical, and magnetoelectric coupling properties attribute the MD effect in r‐NiNb2O6 to a pure response of the spin‐dependent polaron hopping to applied magnetic field. This clearly reveals that the MD effect is subject to a competition among the polaron hopping activation, spin‐lattice coupling, and spin thermal fluctuation.