bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma with Lung Metastases: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Shimizu Tadafumi , Oba Takaaki , Chino Tatsunori , Soma Ai , Ono Mayu , Ito Tokiko , Kanai Toshiharu , Maeno Kazuma , Sato Yoshinori , Uehara Takeshi , Ito Ken-ichi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Distant metastasis from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is rare. Here we report a case of PTMC with multiple lung metastases.Case Presentation: A 64-year-old man presented to our hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography incidentally revealed multiple lung nodules. The lung tumor was histologically diagnosed as metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by core needle biopsy via thoracoscopy. The patient was referred to our department for further examination. Neck ultrasonography revealed a 0.8 cm hypoechoic mass in the right lobe of the thyroid gland, diagnosed as PTC by fine-needle aspiration cytology. Subsequently, total thyroidectomy was performed, followed by radioiodine therapy. Iodine-131 (131-I) scintigraphy showed a strong accumulation in the lung metastasis. The patient presented no evidence of progression of lung metastasis for 25 months after the operation. Discussion/Conclusions: Although there are few published cases of metastatic PTMC, lymph node metastasis or extraglandular extension was observed in most patients, including the present case, and the average age of these cases was 58.8 ± 12.0 years. Although active surveillance without surgical resection is expected to remain standard of care for PTMC, this case indicates that a subset of PTMC patients with risk factors may develop distant metastases. Careful preoperative screening is required to avoid complications associated with reoperation of the remnant thyroid gland.
Venom Proteomic Analysis of Two Medically Important Nigerian Viper (Echis Ocellatus and Bitis Arietans) Snake Species
Authors: Dingwoke Emeka John , Adamude Fatima Amin , Salihu Aliyu , Abubakar Mujitaba Suleiman , Mohamed Gadija , Klein Ashwil , Sallau Abdullahi Balarabe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Snakebite envenoming remains a neglected tropical disease, which poses severe health hazard, especially for the rural inhabitants in Africa. In Nigeria, vipers are the most toxin-producing snakes that cause the highest number of deaths. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with LC-MS/MS was used to analyze the crude venom extracts of Echis ocellatus (Carpet viper) and Bitis arietans (Puff adder) in order to understand their venom proteomic identities. Results obtained revealed that gel-free proteomic analysis of the crude venom extracts from E. ocellatus and B. arietans yielded the identification of 85 and 79 proteins, respectively. Seventy-nine (79) proteins were common between the two snake species with a 90.8% similarity score. The identified proteins belong to 12 protein families where serine proteases (22.31%) and metalloproteinases (21.06%) were the dominant proteins in the venom of B. arietans. Metalloproteinases (34.84%), phospholipase A2s (25.69%) and serine proteases (17.25%) represents the major toxins in the E. ocellatus venom. Other protein families such as three-finger toxins and cysteine-rich venom proteins were also detected, albeit, in low proportions. This study represents the venom proteomic analysis of the two Nigerian viper species, which provides some valuable insights into the toxin families to be neutralized in case of envenomation. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD024638.
Paternal Childcare In Early Childhood and Problematic Behavior in Children: A Population-Based Prospective Study in Japan
Authors: Ochi Manami , Fujiwara Takeo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Little is known about the effects of paternal childcare on children’s behavioral development. This study explored the association between paternal childcare during infancy in terms of childcare hours and type of caregiving behavior and subsequent behavioral problems in children aged 5.5 years stratified by sex.Methods: We analyzed data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2001-2006), a population-based cohort survey in Japan (N = 27,870). Paternal childcare was assessed at 18 months in terms of paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends and the frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, changing diapers, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing with the child at home, and taking the child outside). Six categories of child behavioral problems were assessed when the children were 5.5 years old. Logistic regression analysis was applied to account for the known confounding variables.Results: Longer paternal childcare hours, on both weekdays and weekends in infancy, had a protective effect on behavioral problems at 5.5 years of age. The dose-effect relationships were found between the frequency of fathers taking their children outside and behavioral problems in boys, and the frequency of fathers playing with their children at home and behavioral problems in both boys and girls.Conclusions: Paternal childcare during infancy could prevent subsequent behavioral problems in children. Several specific paternal caregiving behaviors, such as taking their children outside and playing with them at home, may play an important role in preventing subsequent behavioral problems.
The analysis and identification of charred suspected tea remains unearthed from Warring State Period Tomb
Authors: Jiang Jianrong , Lu Guoquan , Wang Qing , Wei Shuya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recently, a tea bowl containing charred suspected tea remains unearthed from the early stage of Warring States period tomb in Zoucheng City, Shandong ProvinceChina. To identify the remains is significant for understanding the origin of tea and tea drinking culture. Scientific investigations of the remains were carried out by using calcium phytoliths analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis - methylation Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (THM-Py-GC/MS) techniques. Modern tea and modern tea residue were used as reference samples. Through phytoliths analyses, calcium phytoliths identifiable from tea were determined in the archeological remains. The infrared spectra of the archaeological remains was found similar as modern tea residue reference sample. In addition, the biomarker compound of tea – caffeine was determined in the archaeological remains by THM-Py-GC/MS analysis. Furthermore, through GC/MS analysis, some compounds were found both in the archeological remains and the modern tea residue reference samples. Putting the information together, it can be concluded that the archaeological remains in the tea bowl are tea residue after boiling or brewing by the ancient.
Development of thymic tumor in [LSL:KrasG12D;Pdx1-CRE ] mice, an adverse effect associated with accelerated pancreatic carcinogenesis
Authors: Liot Sophie , Kholti Naïma El , Verrier Bernard , Valcourt Ulrich , Lambert Elise 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal AdenoCarcinoma (PDAC) represents about 90% of pancreatic cancers. It is one of the most aggressive cancer, with a 5-year survival rate below 10% due to late diagnosis and poor therapeutic efficiency. This bad prognosis thus encourages intense research in order to better understand PDAC pathogenesis and molecular basis leading to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This research frequently involves the KC (LSL:KrasG12D;Pdx1-CRE) genetically engineered mouse model, which leads to pancreatic cancer predisposition. However, as frequently encountered in animal models, the KC mouse model also exhibits biases. Herein, we report a new adverse effect of KrasG12D mutation in KC mouse model. In our hands, 10% of KC mice developed clinical signs reaching pre-defined end-points between 100- and 150-days post-parturition, and associated with large thymic mass development. Histological and genetic analyses of this massive thymus enabled us (1) to characterize it as a highly proliferative thymic lymphoma and (2) to detect the unexpected recombination of the Lox-STOP-Lox cassette upstream KrasG12D allele and subsequent KRASG12D protein expression in all cells composing thymic masses. Finally, we highlighted that development of such thymic tumor was associated with accelerated pancreatic carcinogenesis, immune compartment disorganization, and in some cases, lung malignancies.
Pheromones that Correlate with Reproductive Success in Competitive Conditions
Authors: Luzynski Kenneth C. , Nicolakis Doris , Marconi Maria Adelaide , Zala Sarah M. , Kwak Jae , Penn Dustin J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The major urinary proteins (MUPs) of house mice (Mus musculus) bind and stabilize the release of pheromones and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from urinary scent marks, which mediate chemical communication. Social status influences MUP and VOC excretion, and the urinary scent of dominant males is attractive to females. Urinary pheromones influence the sexual behavior and physiology of conspecifics, and yet it is not known whether they also affect reproductive success. We monitored the excretion of urinary protein and VOCs of wild-derived house mice living in large seminatural enclosures to compare the sexes and to test how these compounds correlate with reproductive success. Among males, urinary protein concentration and VOC expression correlated with reproductive success and social status. Territorial dominance also correlated with reproductive success in both sexes; but among females, no urinary compounds were found to correlate with social status or reproductive success. Notably, the large sex differences in chemosensory compounds found in laboratory studies were significantly lower when the mice lived in seminatural conditions. These findings provide novel evidence for chemical signals that correlate with male reproductive success of house mice living in competitive conditions.
Primary Osseous Chondrosarcoma in the Lumbar Spine: Case Report and Literature Review With Analysis
Authors: Tu Chih-Hisu , Chiu You-Pen , Ji Hui-Ru , Chiu Cheng-Di 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Primary spinal chondrosarcoma (CS) is relatively rare, with a reported prevalence rate of less than 10% of all CS. En bloc surgery and resection without entering the tumor capsule typically provides a better prognosis. However, the approaches to such tumor lesions vary. Here, we present a case of CS in the lumbar spine treated with two-stage (anterior and posterior approach) en bloc surgery, along with an analysis and comparison of the characteristics and prognosis of one-stage versus two-stage surgery patients in previous studies.
Case description
A 30-year-old male with an L3 vertebral body CS presented with back pain and lower limb weakness. Lumbar spine MRI showed an L3 vertebral body tumor with cord and root compression. A two-stage surgery including posterior total laminectomy, transpedicular screw fixation over L2-L4 first with subsequent anterior corpectomy, cage implantation, and anterior lumbar interbody fusion was performed to achieve total tumor removal and stabilization. Pathology revealed a low grade CS with free resection margin. The patient’s symptoms improved after the operation, and no recurrence had occurred as of the two-year follow-up. Furthermore, we also analyzed the post-operative outcomes of 24 cases from previous publications and our current case.
Conclusions
Two-stage en bloc surgery concomitantly achieves total resection of the tumor, the preservation of neurological function, and a gain in stabilization. The analysis of cases showed that two-stage surgery, in comparison with one-stage surgery, seems to be beneficial in treating L-spine multiple segment disease, providing a lower rate of recurrence.
Piezoelectric Response in WO3-x Thin Films by Aluminum Clustering
Authors: Pineda-Domínguez Pamela , Ramos Manuel , Nogan John , López-Galán Oscar Alberto , Enríquez-Carrejo José Luis , Boll Torben , Hurtado-Macías Abel , López-Gallardo Jorge , Garay Yahir , Camacho-Montes Héctor , Heilmaier Martin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We report piezoelectric response of d33 = 35 ± 5 pm V− 1 on aluminum doped tungsten trioxide thin films (Al-WO3 − x), prepared by RF-sputtering and post annealing treatment in air atmosphere. Using XPS characterization indicate a stoichiometry of WO2.7 and Raman a distorted octahedral tungsten vibration mode of monoclinic WO3 at 236.9 cm− 1, 691 cm− 1 and 803 cm− 1 corresponding to O-W-O chemical bonds. The grazing incidence X-ray diffraction revealed a non-centrosymmetric monoclinic (P21/c) and tetragonal (P4/nmm) mixed phases of WO3 − x with islands of piezoelectric domains as observed by atomic force microscope, additionally atom probe tomography revealed diffusion of aluminum ions from Al2O3 substrate.
ADP-Ribosyltransferase PARP11 Suppresses Zika Virus in Synergy with PARP12
Authors: Li Lili , Shi Yueyue , Li Sirui , Liu Junxiao , Zu Shulong , Xu Xin , Gao Meiling , Sun Nina , Pan Chaohu , Peng Linan , Yang Heng , Cheng Genhong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and ZIKV epidemic have been continuously spreading silently throughout the world and its associated microcephaly and other serious congenital neurological complications poses a significant global threat to public health. ZIKV infection stimulates type I interferon response in host cells which suppresses viral replication by inducing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Here, we identified ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 as an anti-ZIKV ISG and found that PARP11 suppressed ZIKV independently on itself PARP enzyme activity. Furthermore, PARP11 interacted with PARP12 and promoted PARP12-mediating ZIKV NS1 and NS3 protein degradation. Homo family PARP11 and PARP12 cooperated with each other on ZIKV suppression and the anti-ZIKV function of PARP11 mostly dependent on the existence of PARP12. Our findings have broadened the understanding of the anti-viral function of PARP11, and more importantly suggest a potential therapeutics target against ZIKV infection.
Dual-Stage Artificial Neural Network (Ann) Model for Sequential Lbmm-μedm Based Micro Drilling
Authors: Noor Wazed Ibne , Saleh Tanveer , Rashid Mir Akmam Noor , Ibrahim Azhar Bin Mohd , Ali Mohamed Sultan Mohamed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A sequential process combining laser beam micromachining(LBMM) and micro electro-discharge machining (μEDM) for the micro-drilling purpose was developed to incorporate both methods' benefits. In this sequential process, a guiding hole is produced through LBMM first, followed by μEDM applied to that same hole for more fine machining. This process facilitates a more stable, efficient machining regime with faster processing (compared to pure μEDM) and much better hole quality (compared to LBMMed holes). Studies suggest that strong correlations exist between the various input and output parameters of the sequential process. However, a mathematical model that maps and simultaneously predicts all these output parameters from the input parameters is yet to be developed. Our experimental study observed that the µEDM finishing operation's various output parameters are influenced by the morphological condition of the LBMMed holes. Hence, an artificial neural network(ANN) based dual-stage modelling method was developed to predict the sequential process's outputs. The first stage of the dual-stage model was utilized to predict various LBMM process outputs from different laser input parameters. Furthermore, in the second stage, LBMM predicted outputs (such as pilot hole entry area, exit area, recast layer, and heat affected zone) were used for the final prediction of the sequential process outputs (i.e. machining time by μEDM, machining stability during μEDM in terms of short circuit count and tool wear during μEDM). The model was evaluated based on the average RMSE (Root Mean Square Errors) values for the individual output parameters' complete set data, i.e. μEDM time, short circuit count and tool wear. The values of Average RMSE for the parameters as mentioned earlier were found to be 0.1272(87.28% accuracy), 0.1085(89.15% accuracy), 0.097 (90.3% accuracy), respectively.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Zeng Fancong , Li Wenfeng , Ke Junhong , Wen Feng , Guo Jinyue , Zhang Xuelian , Huang Shujiang , Mei Kun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is an immunosuppressive disease that causes enormous economic loss to the poultry industry worldwide, transmitted vertically and horizontally. In recent years, CIAV outbreaks have frequently occurred in southern China since 2014, especially in the Guangdong province. However, there is a lack of epidemiological studies of CIAV in Guangdong province. We performed PCR by using the serum and tissue samples collected from seven cities of Guangdong province. The PCR-positive tissue samples were inoculated into SPF eggs and MSB1 cells for virus isolation by blind-passages three times. This study isolated and characterized 325 serum samples and four tissue samples, the total positive CIAV rate of 62.15% in serum samples, and all four tissues were positive for the CIAV. However, the virus could only be isolated from MSB1 cells. Sequence analysis revealed that the four isolated comparisons with those in the GenBank showed high nucleotide similarities and were near clade C2. Our data showed over 60% of positive cases for CIAV serological analysis consist of seven cities, Which may lead to severe immunosuppressive effects in chickens. In summary, these findings provide new insights to guide molecular epidemiological surveillance of CIAV in Guangdong province.
Development of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as Potential Biomaterials in Cancer Therapeutics: An In-Vitro Study against Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Mohanta Yugal Kishore , Biswas Kunal , Rauta Pradipta Ranjan , De Debashis , Hashem Abeer , Alqarawi Abdulaziz A. , Abd-Allah Elsayed Fathi , Mahanta Saurov , Mohanta Tapan Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and nano biomaterials have attracted considerable attention in the field of cancer therapy. The development of biocompatible nanotherapeutics that selectively target cancer cells is a prime area of interest and current research. The use of graphene is being explored in a variety of sciences, ranging from electronics to biomedical fields. In the present study, graphene oxide nanosheets were synthesized using a modified Hummer’s method. FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-Ray Diffraction analyses were used to characterize the as-synthesized nanosheets. FE-SEM and HR-TEM were also used to examine the structure of the as-synthesized nanosheets. Surface topography and thickness measurements were also conducted by Atomic Force Microscopy. Results indicated that the lateral thickness of the graphene nanosheets was approximately 6.45 nm, which was corroborated by the TEM and AFM analyses. Characteristic defect peaks observed in Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy images along with the respective EDAX calculations confirmed the formation of graphene nanosheets. The potential biomedical application of graphene nanosheets was evaluated by assessing the cytotoxicity of the graphene nanosheets against human breast adenocarcinoma [MDA-MB-231] and HaCaT normal cell lines. Two different in-vitro, anti-oxidant activity assays of Graphene Oxide [GO] were employed, namely DPPH radical and the H2O2 scavenging activity. Antioxidant activity of GO was assessed in a measured concentration-dependent manner to better understand the cytotoxicity of the GO sheets in the different cell lines. The in-vitro tests revealed that the GO sheets had a high level of cytotoxicity to the human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells that was concentration dependent. In contrast, the cytotoxicity of the GO sheets against the HaCaT normal cell line was marginal, suggesting that the graphene nanosheets could be safely used in cancer therapy.
Differential Chemokine Alteration in the Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia – A Role for Neuroinflammation
Authors: Esteve Aitana Sogorb , Swift Imogen J. , Woollacott Ione O.C. , Warren Jason D. , Zetterberg Henrik , Rohrer Jonathan D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

The primary progressive aphasias (PPA) represent a group of usually sporadic neurodegenerative disorders with three main variants: the nonfluent or agrammatic variant (nfvPPA), the semantic variant (svPPA), and the logopenic variant (lvPPA). They are usually associated with a specific underlying pathology: nfvPPA with a primary tauopathy, svPPA with a TDP-43 proteinopathy, and lvPPA with underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Little is known about their cause or pathophysiology but prior studies in both AD and svPPA have suggested a role for neuroinflammation. In this study we set out to investigate the role of chemokines across the PPA spectrum, with a primary focus on central changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Methods

36 participants with sporadic PPA (11 svPPA, 13 nfvPPA and 12 lvPPA) as well as 19 healthy controls were recruited to the study and donated CSF and plasma samples. All patients with lvPPA had a tau/Aβ42 biomarker profile consistent with AD, whilst this was normal in the other PPA groups and controls. We assessed twenty chemokines in CSF and plasma using Proximity Extension Assay technology: CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL3 (MIP-1a), CCL4 (MIP-1β), CCL7 (MCP-3), CCL8 (MCP-2), CCL11 (eotaxin), CCL13 (MCP-4), CCL19, CCL20, CCL23, CCL25, CCL28, CX3CL1 (fractalkine), CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL8 (IL-8), CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11.
Results

In CSF, CCL19 and CXCL6 were decreased in both svPPA and nfvPPA compared with controls whilst CXCL5, was decreased in the nfvPPA group with a borderline significant decrease in the svPPA group. In contrast, CCL2, CCL3 and CX3CL1 were increased in lvPPA compared with controls and nfvPPA (and greater than svPPA for CX3CL1). CXCL1 was also increased in lvPPA compared with nfvPPA but not the other groups. CX3CL1 was significantly correlated with CSF total tau concentrations in the controls and each of the PPA groups. Fewer significant differences were seen between groups in plasma, although in general, results were in the opposite direction to CSF i.e. decreased in lvPPA compared with controls (CCL3 and CCL19), and increased in svPPA (CCL8) and nfvPPA (CCL13).
Conclusion

Differential alteration of chemokines across the PPA variants is seen in both CSF and plasma. Importantly, these results suggest a role for neuroinflammation in these poorly understood sporadic disorders, and therefore also a potential future therapeutic target.
Enhanced Scanning Electron Microscopy Images Using Muscovite Mica, an Example with Rhizaria
Authors: Monferrer Natalia Llopis , Foulon Valentin , Elies Philippe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Muscovite Mica sheets were used as a support to capture scanning electron microscopy pictures. The physical properties of the cleaved Muscovite Mica provide a clean background, which greatly reduces the post-processing of images, thereby enhancing them and resulting in impressive images. We chose siliceous Rhizaria for this investigation due to their morphological diversity and elaborate skeletons.