bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal arteries denervation: from the treatment of resistant hypertension to the treatment of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Versaci Francesco , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Scappaticci Massimiliano , Di Pietro Riccardo , Calcagno Simone , Del Prete Armando , Gaspardone Carlo , Biondi Zoccai Giuseppe 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Renal denervation (RDN) is a therapeutic strategy for patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension characterized by considerable fluctuations during its progression. After initial strong enthusiasm, the procedure came to an abrupt halt following the publication of the Symplicity HTN-3 study results. The results of recently published studies highlight the reduction in blood pressure values after RDN and justify the inclusion in the Guidelines of new recommendations for the use of RDN in clinical practice, in selected patients. Additionally, RDN findings are summarized in view of other potential indications such as atrial fibrillation. Six prospective, randomized studies are presented that evaluated RDN as an adjunct therapy to pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. In five studies, patients had uncontrolled hypertension despite therapy with three antihypertensive drugs. The analysis of these studies showed that RDN reduced the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) by 57% compared to patients with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) only. Modulation of the autonomic nervous system by RDN has been shown not only to reduce blood pressure but also to have an antiarrhythmic effect in symptomatic AF patients when the strategy is combined with PVI, thus opening up new therapeutic scenarios.
The entomopathogenic nematodeSteinernema hermaphroditumis a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite and a genetically tractable system for the study of parasitic and mutualistic symbiosis
Authors: Cao Mengyi , Schwartz Hillel T , Tan Chieh-Hsiang , Sternberg Paul W 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), including Heterorhabditis and Steinernema, are parasitic to insects and contain mutualistically symbiotic bacteria in their intestines (Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively) and therefore offer opportunities to study both mutualistic and parasitic symbiosis. The establishment of genetic tools in EPNs has been impeded by limited genetic tractability, inconsistent growth in vitro, variable cryopreservation, and low mating efficiency. We obtained the recently described Steinernema hermaphroditum strain CS34 and optimized its in vitro growth, with a rapid generation time on a lawn of its native symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus griffiniae. We developed a simple and efficient cryopreservation method. Previously, S. hermaphroditum isolated from insect hosts was described as producing hermaphrodites in the first generation. We discovered that CS34, when grown in vitro, produced consecutive generations of autonomously reproducing hermaphrodites accompanied by rare males. We performed mutagenesis screens in S. hermaphroditum that produced mutant lines with visible and heritable phenotypes. Genetic analysis of the mutants demonstrated that this species reproduces by self-fertilization rather than parthenogenesis and that its sex is determined chromosomally. Genetic mapping has thus far identified markers on the X chromosome and three of four autosomes. We report that S. hermaphroditum CS34 is the first consistently hermaphroditic EPN and is suitable for genetic model development to study naturally occurring mutualistic symbiosis and insect parasitism.
A data-based participatory approach for health equity and digital inclusion: prioritizing stakeholders
Authors: Fotopoulou Aristea , Barratt Harriet , Marandet Elodie 
Published: October 2021

Summary
This article starts from the premise that projects informed by data science can address social concerns, beyond prioritizing the design of efficient products or services. How can we bring the stakeholders and their situated realities back into the picture? It is argued that data-based, participatory interventions can improve health equity and digital inclusion while avoiding the pitfalls of top-down, technocratic methods. A participatory framework puts users, patients and citizens as stakeholders at the centre of the process, and can offer complex, sustainable benefits, which go beyond simply the experience of participation or the development of an innovative design solution. A significant benefit for example is the development of skills, which should not be seen as a by-product of the participatory processes, but a central element of empowering marginalized or excluded communities to participate in public life. By drawing from different examples in various domains, the article discusses what can be learnt from implementations of schemes using data science for social good, human-centric design, arts and wellbeing, to argue for a data-centric, creative and participatory approach to address health equity and digital inclusion in tandem.
Compactness Within the Space of Complete, ConstantQ-Curvature Metrics on the Sphere with Isolated Singularities
Authors: Andrade João Henrique , do Ó João Marcos , Ratzkin Jesse 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the moduli space of complete, conformally flat metrics on a sphere with $k$ punctures having constant positive $Q$-curvature and positive scalar curvature. Previous work has shown that such metrics admit an asymptotic expansion near each puncture, allowing one to define an asymptotic necksize of each singular point. We prove that any set in the moduli space such that the distances between distinct punctures and the asymptotic necksizes all remain bounded away from zero is sequentially compact, mirroring a theorem of D. Pollack about singular Yamabe metrics. Along the way, we define a radial Pohozaev invariant at each puncture and refine some a priori bounds of the conformal factor, which may be of independent interest.
The emergence of the ceftriaxone-resistantNeisseria gonorrhoeaeFC428 clone by transfer of resistance from an oralNeisseria subflavareservoir of resistance
Authors: Kanesaka Izumo , Ohno Akira , Katsuse Akiko Kanayama , Takahashi Hiroshi , Kobayashi Intetsu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone was first discovered in Japan in 2015.ObjectivesWe investigated the possibility of horizontal gene transfer from Neisseria subflava harbouring the mosaic-like PBP-2 in the emergence of the FC428 clone. We also analysed whether there were fitness costs associated with the sustained international dissemination of the clone.MethodsSequencing of the penA gene in ceftriaxone-resistant N. subflava strains was performed. For transformation experiments between donor N. subflava and ciprofloxacin-resistant wild-type penA N. gonorrhoeae recipient, the full-length PCR amplification product of the penA gene, including DUS regions, was used as the donor DNA. Biological fitness of the transformants was measured by growth competition assays. The impact of QRDR and mtrR mutations, which have been reported as compensatory mutations, on fitness was also assessed.ResultsThe penA mosaic allele of the FC428 clone showed 100%, 91.8%, and 89.8% homology, respectively, with penA genes of three ceftriaxone-resistant N. subflava strains, No. 30, No. 9 and No. 14. Results were consistent with homologous recombination with the donated penA mosaic allele. In co-cultures with the parent strain, transformants showed comparable growth indicating that a gyrA mutation compensates for the fitness cost of mosaic penA alleles.ConclusionsOur findings support the hypothesis that the FC428 clone was generated by transformation of the mosaic penA allele from oropharyngeal N. subflava to N. gonorrhoeae. Furthermore, it suggests that mutations in the gyrA QRDR region compensate for fitness costs and contribute to the continued transmission of the FC428 clone.
Myostatin suppresses adipogenic differentiation and lipid accumulation by activating crosstalk between ERK1/2 and PKA signaling pathways in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes
Authors: Pan Shifeng , Zhang Lin , Liu Zhuang , Xing Hua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The current study was undertaken to determine the effect of myostatin (MSTN) on lipid accumulation in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes (PSPAs) and to further explore the potential molecular mechanisms. PSPAs isolated from Meishan weaned piglets were added with various concentrations of MSTN recombinant protein during the entire period of adipogenic differentiation process. Results showed that MSTN treatment significantly reduced the lipid accumulation, intracellular triglyceride (TG) content, glucose consumption, and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity, while increased glycerol and free fatty acid release. Consistent with above results, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway was obviously activated and thus key adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBP-α), and their downstream enzymes fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were all inhibited. However, chemical inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling pathway by PD98059 markedly reversed the decreased TG content by increasing PPAR-γ expression. In addition, MSTN activated the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) pathway and stimulated lipolysis by reducing the expression of antilipolytic gene perilipin, thus elevated key lipolytic enzymes adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) expression and enzyme activity. On the contrary, pretreatment with PKA inhibitor H89 significantly reversed TG accumulation by increasing PPAR-γ expression and thus inhibiting ERK1/2, perilipin, and HSL phosphorylation, supporting the crosstalk between PKA and ERK1/2 pathways in both the anti-adipogenic and pro-lipolytic effects. In summary, our results suggested that MSTN suppressed adipogenesis and stimulated lipolysis, which was mainly mediated by activating crosstalk of ERK1/2 and PKA signaling pathways, and consequently decreased lipid accumulation in PSPAs, our findings may provide novel insights for further exploring MSTN as a potent inhibitor of porcine subcutaneous lipid accumulation.
The Future of Brands and Branding: An Essay on Multiplicity, Heterogeneity, and Integration
Authors: Keller Kevin Lane 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBrands come in many forms and perform multiple roles and functions for a variety of different types of individuals and organizations. Focusing on companies or non-profits marketing to consumers, this essay speculates on the future of branding in five main areas: brand elements, brand drivers, brand meaning, consumer heterogeneity, and consumer insights. Across these five areas, the main theme that emerges is that branding is increasingly being defined both by multiplicity, in terms of what marketers can do, and by heterogeneity, in terms of the consumers being marketed to. Successful brand marketers going forward will be those who can find integrative branding solutions that balance and blend multiplicity and heterogeneity.
The Wenceslaus Hollar collection of Sidney T. Fisher, and catalogue by Richard Pennington
Authors: Turner Simon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The comprehensive collection of prints by Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–1677) donated by Sidney T. Fisher to the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library of the University of Toronto ranks alongside the collections in London, Prague and Windsor. Based on the extensive unpublished correspondence between Sidney Fisher and Richard Pennington preserved in Toronto, this article describes the formation of Fisher’s Hollar collection and Pennington’s work towards ‘A Descriptive Catalogue of the Etched Work of Wenceslaus Hollar, 1607–1677’ (Cambridge, 1982). The activities of Pennington as an agent for Fisher and his dealings with Cambridge University Press are also detailed.
Diversity of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Rural Settlements and Degraded Seasonal Deciduous Forests
Authors: da Conceição Abreu Bandeira Maria , Cerqueira Allane Barros , Luiz Pinto Moraes Jorge , Brazil Reginaldo Peçanha , Rebêlo José Manuel Macário 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Biting midges are widespread in Brazilian natural ecosystems. However, deforestation and other activities that impact the environment are reducing natural habitats where biting midges proliferate. The objective of this study was to verify whether there is variation in the composition, richness, abundance, and seasonality of biting midges between wild and rural environments, in a forest area with intense deforestation. Biting midges were captured using 6 traps installed at an average height of 1.5 m in the peridomicile, intradomicile, and deciduous seasonal forests, once a month from May 2012 to April 2013. In total, 2,182 specimens of 13 species of the genus Culicoides were captured. Species richness was similar in the intradomicile (13 species), forest (12), and peridomicile (11), but species diversity was greater in the peridomicile (H’ = 0.803) compared with the intradomicile (H’ = 0.717) and forest (H’ = 0.687). The order of species dominance varied between the forest (Culicoides paucienfuscatus Barbosa &gt; Culicoides leopodoi Ortiz &gt; Culicoides foxi Ortiz &gt; Culicoides ignacioi Forattini) and peridomicile + intradomicile habitats (C. paucienfuscatus &gt; C. foxi &gt; C. filariferus Hoffman &gt; C. ignacioi). The activity of these dipterans was strongly influenced by meteorological variables, as biting midges are predominant in the rainy season (80.7% of specimens), when higher rainfall, relative humidity, and lower temperatures prevail. The abundance of biting midges was higher in the peridomicile + intradomicile (83.7% of specimens) compared with the degraded forest (16.3%), a result that reflects the loss of forest habitat due to intense and progressive deforestation.
Place and Pain: Association Between Neighborhood SES and Quantitative Sensory Testing Responses in Youth With Functional Abdominal Pain
Authors: Morris Matthew C , Bruehl Stephen , Stone Amanda L , Garber Judy , Smith Craig , Palermo Tonya M , Walker Lynn S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to self-reported pain severity and disability but its association with evoked pain responsiveness in individuals with chronic pain remains unclear. The present study examined relations between neighborhood SES, assessed through the area deprivation index (ADI), and static and dynamic pain response indices. It was hypothesized that youth with functional abdominal pain (FAP) living in lower SES neighborhoods would exhibit lower pain threshold, lower pain tolerance, and reduced conditioned pain modulation (CPM) compared to youth living in higher SES neighborhoods.

Methods
Participants were 183 youth with FAP and their parents. Youth completed a quantitative sensory testing protocol. Family addresses were used to compute ADI scores. Thermal stimuli for pain threshold and tolerance were delivered to participants’ forearms using thermodes. CPM, an index of descending pain inhibition, was determined using a thermode as test stimulus and a hot water bath as conditioning stimulus.

Results
As hypothesized, youth with FAP living in lower SES neighborhoods exhibited weaker CPM. Contrary to hypotheses, lower neighborhood SES was associated with neither pain thresholds nor with pain tolerance.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrated the independent contribution of place of residence—an often neglected component of the biopsychosocial model—to efficiency of descending pain inhibition. Understanding the mechanisms that account for such associations between place and pain could guide the development of public health and policy initiatives designed to mitigate chronic pain risk in underserved and economically marginalized communities.
Submillimetre compactness as a critical dimension to understand the main sequence of star-forming galaxies
Authors: Puglisi Annagrazia , Daddi Emanuele , Valentino Francesco , Magdis Georgios , Liu Daizhong , Kokorev Vasily , Circosta Chiara , Elbaz David , Bournaud Frederic , Gomez-Guijarro Carlos , Jin Shuowen , Madden Suzanne , Sargent Mark T , Swinbank Mark 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We study the interstellar medium (ISM) properties as a function of the molecular gas size for 77 infrared-selected galaxies at z ∼ 1.3, having stellar masses 109.4 ≲ M⋆ ≲ 1012.0 M⊙ and star formation rates 12 ≲ SFRFIR ≲ 1000 M⊙ yr−1. Molecular gas sizes are measured on ALMA images that combine CO(2-1), CO(5-4), and underlying continuum observations, and include CO(4-3), CO(7-6) + [CI](3P2 − 3P1), [CI](3P1 − 3P0) observations for a subset of the sample. The $\gtrsim $46 per cent of our galaxies have a compact molecular gas reservoir, and lie below the optical discs mass–size relation. Compact galaxies on and above the main sequence have higher CO excitation and star formation efficiency than galaxies with extended molecular gas reservoirs, as traced by CO(5-4)/CO(2-1) and CO(2-1)/LIR, SF ratios. Average CO + [CI] spectral line energy distributions indicate higher excitation in compacts relative to extended sources. Using CO(2-1) and dust masses as molecular gas mass tracers, and conversion factors tailored to their ISM conditions, we measure lower gas fractions in compact main-sequence galaxies compared to extended sources. We suggest that the submillimetre compactness, defined as the ratio between the molecular gas and the stellar size, is an unavoidable information to be used with the main sequence offset to describe the ISM properties of galaxies, at least above M⋆ ≥ 1010.6 M⊙, where our observations fully probe the main sequence scatter. Our results are consistent with mergers driving the gas in the nuclear regions, enhancing the CO excitation and star formation efficiency. Compact main-sequence galaxies are consistent with being an early post-starburst population following a merger-driven starburst episode, stressing the important role of mergers in the evolution of massive galaxies.
Dynamics of relativistic radio jets in asymmetric environments
Authors: Yates-Jones Patrick M , Shabala Stanislav S , Krause Martin G H 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We have carried out relativistic three-dimensional simulations of high-power radio sources propagating i,nto asymmetric cluster environments. We offset the environment by 0 or 1 core radii (equal to 144 kpc), and incline the jets by 0, 15, or 45° away from the environment centre. The different environment encountered by each radio lobe provides a unique opportunity to study the effect of environment on otherwise identical jets. We find that the jets become unstable towards the end of the simulations, even with a Lorentz factor of 5; they nevertheless develop typical Fanaroff–Riley class II radio morphology. The jets propagating into denser environments have consistently shorter lobe lengths and brighter hotspots, while the axial ratio of the two lobes is similar. We reproduce the recently reported observational anticorrelation between lobe length asymmetry and environment asymmetry, corroborating the notion that observed large-scale radio lobe asymmetry can be driven by differences in the underlying environment.
Two striking head–tail galaxies in the galaxy cluster IIZW108: insights into transition to turbulence, magnetic fields, and particle re-acceleration
Authors: Müller Ancla , Pfrommer Christoph , Ignesti Alessandro , Moretti Alessia , Lourenço Ana , Paladino Rosita , Jaffé Yara , Gitti Myriam , Venturi Tiziana , Gullieuszik Marco , Poggianti Bianca , Vulcani Benedetta , Biviano Andrea , Adebahr Björn , Dettmar Ralf-Jürgen 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We present deep Jansky Very Large Array observations at 1.4 and 2.7 GHz (full polarization), as well as optical OmegaWINGS/WINGS and X-ray observations of two extended radio galaxies in the IIZW108 galaxy cluster at z = 0.04889. They show a bent tail morphology in agreement with a radio lobed galaxy falling into the cluster potential. Both galaxies are found to possess properties comparable with narrow-angle tail galaxies in the literature even though they are part of a low mass cluster. We find a spectral index steepening and an increase in fractional polarization through the galaxy jets and an ordered magnetic field component mostly aligned with the jet direction. This is likely caused by either shear due to the velocity difference of the intracluster medium and the jet fluid and/or magnetic draping of the intracluster medium across the galaxy jets. We find clear evidence that one source is showing two active galactic nuclei (AGN) outbursts from which we expect the AGN has never turned off completely. We show that pure standard electron cooling cannot explain the jet length. We demonstrate therefore that these galaxies can be used as a laboratory to study gentle re-acceleration of relativistic electrons in galaxy jets via transition from laminar to turbulent motion.
The effects of magnetic fields on observational signatures of atmospheric escape in exoplanets: Double tail structures
Authors: Carolan S , Vidotto A A , Hazra G , Villarreal D’Angelo C , Kubyshkina D 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTUsing 3D radiative MHD simulations and Lyman-α transit calculations, we investigate the effect of magnetic fields on the observational signatures of atmospheric escape in exoplanets. Using the same stellar wind, we vary the planet’s dipole field strength (Bp) from 0 to 10G. For Bp &lt; 3G, the structure of the escaping atmosphere begins to break away from a comet-like tail following the planet (Bp = 0), as we see more absorbing material above and below the orbital plane. For Bp ≥ 3G, we find a ‘dead-zone’ around the equator, where low velocity material is trapped in the closed magnetic field lines. The dead-zone separates two polar outflows where absorbing material escapes along open field lines, leading to a double tail structure, above and below the orbital plane. We demonstrate that atmospheric escape in magnetized planets occurs through polar outflows, as opposed to the predominantly night-side escape in non-magnetized models. We find a small increase in escape rate with Bp, though this should not affect the time-scale of atmospheric loss. As the size of the dead-zone increases with Bp, so does the line centre absorption in Lyman-α, as more low-velocity neutral hydrogen covers the stellar disc during transit. For Bp &lt; 3G the absorption in the blue wing decreases, as the escaping atmosphere is less funnelled along the line of sight by the stellar wind. In the red wing (and for Bp &gt; 3G in the blue wing) the absorption increases caused by the growing volume of the magnetosphere. Finally we show that transits below and above the mid-disc differ caused by the asymmetry of the double tail structure.