bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TCM measuring procedures and testing under application conditions
Authors: Lager Daniel , Kouchachvili Lia , Daguenet Xavier 
Published: June 2021

This Subtask aims to have reliable thermal analysis methods/protocols and procedures for the characterization of aterial and reaction properties for sorption and chemical reactions of thermal energy storage (TES) applications. One goal is an inventory of already standardized measurement procedures for TCM as well as of needed characterization procedures.
CORRELATION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE OF CITY OF RESIDENCE AND COVID19 IN SURABAYA YOUTH GENERATION
Authors: Alfaray Ricky Indra , Yodianto Lionardy , Dewayani Astri , Fauzia Kartika Afrida , Armyta Dwiki Noni , Rezkitha Yudith Annisa Ayu , I'tishom Reny , Miftahussurur Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

COVID19 pandemic became the primer focus of health problem by the government since the case was increasing every month in 2020. The impact of this pandemic was spread quickly across many areas including Surabaya city. Youth generation often found to be a silent source of infection. Furthermore, young people behavior often ignoring health prevention policy makes the infection more easily to spread. This condition might be because of their knowledge regarding COVID19 was relatively not enough. Factor that may affect their knowledge are varies including knowledge of city of residence. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between knowledge about city of residence with youth generation knowledge of COVID19 as this factor has not yet been studied before in Indonesia. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional with an online survey for youth generation across Surabaya to understand their knowledge concerning Surabaya and COVID19. A total of 57 participants were voluntarily enrolled in this study. The result data were analyzed statistically. There is significant positive correlation between participants’ knowledge of Surabaya city with knowledge of COVID19 (r= 0.314; p= 0.017). Furthermore, knowledge of COVID19 was significantly different between youth who have better knowledge of Surabaya than lower knowledge (p= 0.021). Knowledge of Surabaya city was correlated with knowledge of COVID19. Youth who have better knowledge regarding their city of residence seem to have better knowledge of COVID19. Knowledge concerning city of residence proven to be important in order to increase knowledge of COVID19 in youth generation.
Observation Versus Debridement of Unstable Chondral Lesions During Partial Meniscectomy
Authors: Bisson Leslie J. , Kluczynski Melissa A. , Wind William M. , Fineberg Marc S. , Bernas Geoffery A. , Rauh Michael A. , Marzo John M. , Scrivens Brian , Connaughton Alexander , Zhou Zehua , Zhao Jiwei 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of debridement (CL-Deb) versus observation (CL-noDeb) of unstable chondral lesions on knee pain 5 years after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) in patients enrolled in the Chondral Lesions And Meniscus Procedures (ChAMP) Trial. Secondarily, other knee symptoms, function, general health, and the rate of additional surgery on the affected knee were examined.

Methods:
Patients aged ≥30 years who had an unstable Outerbridge grade-II, III, or IV chondral lesion when undergoing APM were randomly allocated to the CL-Deb (n = 98) or CL-noDeb (n = 92) group; ∼80% in each group completed a 5-year follow-up. Outcomes were measured preoperatively and at 5 years postoperatively, and included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Short Form-36 (SF-36), physical knee measurements, knee radiographs, and rate of additional knee surgery at 5 years. The primary outcome was the 5-year WOMAC pain score. Group comparisons were made using the t test for continuous outcomes and the Fisher exact test for categorical outcomes.

Results:
There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the primary outcome, the WOMAC pain score (CL-Deb: 86.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 82.9 to 89.1]) versus CL-noDeb: 88.3 [95% CI: 85.5 to 91.1]; p = 0.27), or secondary outcomes at 5 years. There were also no differences in radiographic measurements of joint-space narrowing in any compartment (medial or lateral tibiofemoral or medial, central, or lateral patellofemoral) as well as no difference in the rate of additional knee surgery within 5 years after APM between the CL-Deb and CL-noDeb groups.

Conclusions:
Outcomes for the CL-Deb and CL-noDeb groups did not differ at 5 years postoperatively, suggesting that there is no long-term benefit of arthroscopic debridement of chondral lesions encountered during APM.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
FISH-TAMB, a fixation-free mRNA fluorescent labeling technique, to target transcriptionally active members in microbial community
Authors: Harris Rachel L , Vetter Maggie C.Y. Lau , Heerdeen Esta van , Cason Errol , Vermeulen Jan-G , Taneja Anjali , Kieft Thomas L. , DeCoste Christina J. , Laevsky Gary , Onstott Tullis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Keystone species or ecological engineers are vital to the health of an ecosystem, however, often their low abundance or biomass present challenges for their discovery, identification, visualization and selection. We report the development of fluorescent in situ hybridization of transcript-annealing molecular beacons (FISH-TAMB), a fixation-free protocol that is applicable to archaea and bacteria. The FISH-TAMB method differs from existing FISH methods by the absence of fixatives or surfactants in buffers, and the fast hybridization time of as short as 15 minutes at target cells’ growth temperature. Polyarginine cell-penetrating peptides are employed to deliver molecular beacons (MBs) across prokaryotic cell walls and membranes, fluorescently labeling cells when MBs hybridize to target mRNA sequences. Here, the detailed protocol of the preparation and application of FISH-TAMB is presented. To demonstrate FISH-TAMB’s ability to label intracellular mRNA targets, differentiate transcriptional states, detect active and rare taxa, and keep cell viability, labeling experiments were performed that targeted the messenger RNA (mRNA) of methyl-coenzyme M reductase A ( mcr A) expressed in 1) Escherichia coli containing a plasmid with a partial mcr A gene of the methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri ( E. coli mcr A + ); 2) M. barkeri ; and 3) an anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) enrichment from a deep continental borehole. Although FISH-TAMB was initially envisioned for mRNA of any functional gene of interest without a requirement of prior knowledge of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-based taxonomy, FISH-TAMB has the potential for multiplexing and going beyond mRNA, thus is a versatile addition to the molecular ecologist’s toolkit, with potentially widespread application in the field of environmental microbiology.
Production of good quality holograms by the THz pulsed vortex beams
Authors: Benzehoua Halima , Dalil-Essakali Latifa , Belafhal Abdelmajid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the quality of holograms based on the calculation of the modulation depth. It’s shown that the terahertz (THz) pulsed vortex beams play a vital role in holography filed, where two lasers with frequency difference have used. The THz vortex beams give new regions of larger frequency detuning and an important value of the modulation depth and fringe contrast (MDFC ratio) for obtaining the best holograms contrary to the Gaussian beams for which the best holograms are realized for small frequency detuning. The particular cases such as, Gaussian beam and single cycle pulses are deduced from our result. Numerical simulations are also presented to study the dependence of the MDFC ratio on the frequency detuning for THz vortex beams and Gaussian beams. This research could be beneficial in holographic interferometry, and it will firmly establish as a tool for scientific and engineering studies.
Analysis of the electrical transport, conductivity and dielectric relaxation behavior of La0.75 Ba0.10 Sr0.15 Fe O2.875-δ (δ = 0.375 and 0.50) brownmillerite oxides
Authors: Bouzayen Mariem , Dhahri Radhia , Saadi Meriem , Chaabouni Slaheddine , Khirouni Kamel , Costa B F O 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The topotactic reduction of La0.75Ba0.10Sr0.15FeO2.875 with titanium metal leads to a new isostructural material of the composition La0.75Ba0.10Sr0.15FeO2.875−δ (δ = 0.375 and 0.50). XRD analysis of phases confirms that the obtained compound adopts a brownmillerite-type structure. A slight distorted monoclinic P2/m was found to describe the crystal structure. The transport properties have been investigated by current–voltage (I–V). The electric and dielectric measurements were carried out covering a wide range of temperature (300–600 K). Our materials display semiconducting properties as well as mixed ionic and electronic conductivity. At high temperatures, the activation energy values proved to be around 907 − 630 meV, which refers basically to oxygen vacancies conduction. The analysis of dielectric properties and dielectric losses (ε’, tanδ) of both compounds vs temperature at different frequencies demonstrates two relaxer attitudes. A low dielectric loss and low electrical conductance were displayed. Relying upon these values, these materials stand for perfect candidates for micro-electronics devices.
Comparison of Used Locomotive Fuel Filters after Using B20 and B0 Fuels
Authors: haryono ihwan , Ma'ruf Muhammad , Setiapraja Hari , Mansur Dieni 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The automotive and non-automotive sectors have followed the Indonesian government's policy regarding applying high concentration biodiesel use. Some issues arise from the effects of using a high biodiesel concentration on engine components, such as filter blocking or degradation. Therefore, various parties have challenged to improve both in terms of fuel quality and engine components. Meanwhile, testing of high concentration biodiesel fuel (blending ratio above 10 %) was still rarely published in the rail transport sector. Therefore, the rail test aimed to evaluate the effect of B20 fuel on locomotive engine components. The test was conducted during two periodic maintenance (6 months) using two trains with B20 and B0 fuels as a comparison. This study discusses the effect of B20 on fuel filters by performing tests on used filters for one periodic maintenance (3 months). The morphological analysis of deposits was conducted using a digital microscope, while TGA, GC-MS, FTIR, and elemental analysis were used to determine its components. The results showed that biodiesel filtration in the main filter was higher, and the subsequent filtration showed fewer deposits than that of pure diesel. Various types of fuel filter deposits have been identified, such as hydrocarbons and fatty acid methyl esters.
Malnutrition Risk at Solid Tumor Diagnosis: the Malnutrition Screening Tool in a Large US Cancer Institute
Authors: Kadakia Kunal C. , Symanowski James T. , Aktas Aynur , Szafranski Michele L. , Salo Jonathan C. , Meadors Patrick L. , Walsh Declan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn cancer, malnutrition (MN) is common and negatively impacts tolerance and outcomes of anti-tumor therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of MN risk and compare the clinicodemographic features between those with high Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) scores (i.e., ≥2 of 5 = high risk for MN, H-MST) to low scores (L-MST). MethodsA cohort of 3,585 patients (May 2017 through December 2018), who completed the MST at least once at the time of diagnosis of any stage solid tumor were analyzed. Logistic regression tested for associations betweenclinicodemographic factors, symptom scores, and H-MST prevalence. ResultsThe median age was 64 years (25-75 IQR, 55-72), with 62% females and 81% White. Most common tumor primary sites were breast (28%), gastrointestinal (GI) (21%), and thoracic (13%). Most had non-metastatic disease (80%). H-MST was found in 28% - most commonly in upper (58%) and lower GI (42%), and thoracic (42%) tumors. L-MST was most common in breast (90%). Multivariable regression confirmed that Black race (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5-2.4, p=<0.001), cancer primary site (OR 1.6-5.7, p=<0.001), stage IV disease (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.2, p=<0.001), low BMI (OR 4.2, 95% CI 2.5-6.9 p=<0.001), and higher symptom scores were all independently associated with H-MST. ConclusionsNearly one-third of solid tumor oncology patients at diagnosis were at high risk of MN. Patients with breast cancer rarely had MN risk at diagnosis. Significant variation was found in MN risk by cancer site, stage, race, and presence of depression, distress, fatigue, and trouble eating/swallowing.
N6-Methyladenosine-Related lncRNAs As Potential Biomarkers For Predicting The Prognoses And Immune Responses In Patients With Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhang He , Kong Weimin , Han Chao , Liu Tingting , Li Jing , Song Dan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Several recent studies have confirmed to us the epigenetic regulation of the immune response. However, the potential role of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications in cervical cancer and its tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration remains unclear.Results: We evaluated and analyzed m6A modification patterns in 307 cervical cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset based on 13 m6A regulators. Pearson correlation analysis was used to identify lncRNAs associated with m6A, followed by univariate Cox regression analysis to screen their prognostic role in cervical cancer patients. We also correlated TME cell infiltration characteristics with modification patterns. We screened six m6A-associated lncRNAs as prognostic lncRNAs and established the prognostic profile of m6A-associated lncRNAs by least absolute shrinkage and choice of operator (LASSO) Cox regression. The corresponding risk scores of patients were derived based on their prognostic features, and the correlation between this feature model and disease prognosis was analyzed. The prognostic model constructed based on the TCGA-CESC (The Cancer Genome Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma) dataset showed strong prognostic power in the stratified analysis and was confirmed as an independent prognostic indicator for predicting overall survival of patients with CESC. Principal component analysis showed that low- and high-risk subgroups had significant m6A status. Enrichment analysis showed that biological processes, pathways, and markers associated with malignancy were more common in the high-risk subgroup. Risk scores were strongly correlated with tumor grade. ECM receptor interaction, pathways in cancer were enriched in cluster 2 while oxidative phosphorylation and other biological processes in cluster 1. The expression of immune checkpoint molecules including PD-1 (programmed death 1) and PD-L1 (programmed death ligand 1) was significantly increased in the high-risk subgroup, suggesting that this prognostic model could be a predictor of immunotherapy.Conclusions: This study reveals that m6A modifications play an integral role in the diversity and complexity of TME formation. Assessing the m6A modification patterns of individual tumors will help improve our understanding of TME infiltration characteristics and thus guide immunotherapy more effectively. We also developed an independent prognostic model based on m6A-associated lncRNA as a predictor of overall survival, which can also be used as a predictor of immunotherapy.
ANFIS Prediction Model for the Mechanical Properties of Soil and Activated Rice Husk Ash Blend for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Onyelowe Kennedy C , Mbadike Elvis M , Onyia Michael E , Alaneme George U , Dimonyeka M. U. , Ikpa Chidozie , Jalal Fazal E , Iqbal Mudassir 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Potential of Tomato Pomace Extract as a Multifunction Inhibitor Corrosion of Mild Steel
Authors: Vorobyova Viktoria 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate tomato pomace extract (TPE) as multifunctional “green” vapor phase corrosion inhibitor for prevention of the atmospheric corrosion of mild steel and as corrosion inhibitor in neutral media of 0.5 M NaCl solution. The chemical profile of the TPE was analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography analysis (HPLC-DAD-MS). The major volatile constituents identified in tomato pomace extract were alcohols (12.5 %), fatty acids (23.78 %), aldehydes (41.6 %), ketones (8.65 %), and terpenoids (9.11 %). The predominant semi-volatile and high molecular weight chemical components in tomato pomace extract were phenolic acids and flavanols. The corrosion protection properties of the TPE as multifunctional corrosion inhibitor were studied using of accelerated corrosion tests (weight loss method) and electrochemical methods (polarization curves and linear polarization technique (LPR)). The mechanism of steel inhibition by TPE formulations was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations. The analysis confirmed that the growth of inhibitory properties is prolonged and corrosion rate is reduced after 40–48 h of exposure. Quantum-chemical calculations were used to predict the adsorption/inhibition properties of some of the main compounds of the extract.
Application of Microsatellite and Inter Simple Sequence Markers for Certifying Trueness to Type of Grafted Ramets and Clustering of Persian Walnut Varieties
Authors: Nickravesh Masoomeh Hosseini , Vahdati Kourosh , amini fatemeh , Amiri Reza , Woeste Keith 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The utility of seventeen Microsatellite (SSR) markers and fifteen inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers for the identification of twenty eight ramets of 11 varieties of walnut (Juglans regia) was explored. Thirty nine individual genomes were screened using 61 and 38 scorable fragments from SSR and ISSR markers, respectively. The least polymorphic SSR locus was WGA004 (two alleles) and the most polymorphic (5 alleles) was WGA276. Polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.08 (WGA004) to 0.43 (WGA032) in SSR markers and from 0.11 (AGA (AC)7) to 0.49 (CAC(TGT)5) in ISSR markers, with an average of 0.29 and 0.19, respectively. In most cases, grafted varieties with identical names also had the same microsatellites profile. The principal coordinate analysis and clustering (UPGMA) based on the combined marker set emphasized two failures in grafting or off-types, ramets identified as Serr 4 (S4) and Vina 1 (V1). The presence of two off-type ramets in the walnut research orchard emphasizes the importance of using molecular certification for proving true-to-type of walnut orchards. Using 13 polymorphic SSRs, we tabulated a DNA fingerprint chart of 11 walnut varieties. Except for ‘Chandler’, each cultivar could be distinguished using a combination of only two SSR loci. The 13 SSRs markers evaluated in this study could be used in future to identify clones produced from the varieties.
Evaluating A Semi-Nested PCR to Support Histopathology Reports of Fungal Rhinosinusitis in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples.
Authors: Ashraf Mohammad Javad , Kord Mohammad , Morovati Hamid , Ansari Saham , Shekarkhar Golsa , Badali Hamid , Pakshir Kayvan , Shamsizadeh Foroogh , Khademi Bijan , Shishegar Mahmood , Ahmadikia Kazem , Zomorodian Kamiar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) encompasses a various spectrum of disease, which vary in clinical presentation, histologic features, and biological significance. FRS is commonly classified in two categories, i.e., invasive and non-invasive infection. Histopathology is the “gold standard” diagnostic method, but it is not able to determine the genus and species. Almost more than 50% of the histopathologically proven cases, the culture elicited no reliable results. This study was an attempt to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirmation of pathology reports obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in FRS patients.
Methods
One hundred ten specimens were subjected to DNA extraction and histopathology examination. The amplification of β-globin gene by conventional PCR was used for confirming the quality of extracted DNA. The semi-nested PCR was performed using ITS 1 and ITS4 primers during two steps. In order to identification of causative agents, sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) was performed on PCR products.
Results
Sixty-four out of 110 samples were positive by histopathology evidence, of which 56 samples (87.5%) were positive by PCR and 8 (12.5%) samples were negative. Out of 46 negative samples by histopathological methods, 41 samples (89.1%) were negative in PCR while 5 (10.9%) were positive. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the semi-nested PCR method were reported 87.5%, 89.2%, 92.7%, and 85.2%, respectively. Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus oryzae, Lichtheimia corymbifera and Candida albicans have identified as common fungal species.
Conclusion
Based on staining and direct examination that are time-consuming, applying molecular methods might be an appropriate choice for rapid diagnosis and support the consequences of histopathology examinations. We suggest that fresh biopsy specimens elicit more reliable results in comparison with FFPE samples. It is recommended that semi-nested PCR assays be performed in a single tube, which showed less prone to contamination when compared with assays that were carried out in two stages and in separate tubes.
Trial registration:
Not applicable.
Cadmium and Lead Differentially Affect Growth and Metal Accumulation in Guar (Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba L.) Varieties
Authors: Sanaei Samane , Sadeghinia Majid , Meftahizade Heidar , Ardakani Ahmad Fatahi , Ghorbanpour Mansour 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Phytoremediation is a strategy to employ plants to recover high quantities of metals in the soil into the harvestable parts, such as shoots and roots. High levels of Cd and lead (Pb) in the soil cause several stress symptoms in plants, including a decrease in growth, reduced root growth, and carbohydrate metabolism. In this study, Saravan and HGS-867 as local landrace and Indian guar variety were selected to investigate the effect of the application of Pb (0, 40, 150, and 200 mg/l) and the cadmium (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l) on phonological, yield parameters and phytoremediation assessment. The results showed that Pb translocation factor (TF) was significant in Pb×Cd and Pb×Cd×G (genotype) treatments at 1% and in Pb×G at 5%. Pb bioconcentration factor (BCF) was significant in all treatments except Cd and Cd×G at 1%. Mean comparison of the data showed that the number of flowers, leaves, and clusters in plant decreased significantly with increasing Pb content. With increasing Cd concentration, the number of branches, height, the number of seeds, clusters, and leaves for each plant decreased significantly at the level of 1%. The maximum TF was observed in Pb at 40 mg/l in the HG-867 variety. Also, the Saravan landrace in Cd (100 mg/l) showed the highest amount of BCF (Cd). With increasing the concentrations of Pb and Cd, the gum percentage decreased significantly. The results of Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that plant height, number of pods/plant, root length, biomass, and pod length had a positive correlation with seed yield and a negative correlation with TF (Pb) and BCF (Pb). The results suggest that according to TF, BCF, and BAC, C. tetragonoloba L. can be effectively used as a good accumulator.