bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do management practices and competition levels increase commercial bank profits? Evidence from Can Tho, Viet Nam
Authors: Ho Chi Huu Phuong , Nguyen Kiet Tuan 
Published: September 2021

PurposeManagement practices and competition levels have been shown as important factors affecting the performance of enterprises that do not include banks. The paper, thus, aims to measure management practices and to study the effect of management quality and competition level on the performances of the first-level branch of commercial banks in the context of the Viet Nam banking system.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed the approach of Bloom and Van Reneen (2007) to quantify management practices of the commercial banks. The level of competition was measured by the number of competitors suggested by Nickell (1996) and the index suggested by Boone (2008). Finally, the effects of management practices and competition level on the bank performances were jointly estimated through a Cobb–Douglas production function, similar to the one used by Bloom et al. (2014).FindingsThe results show that the management practices score is, on average, above the average. While the management practices are found to positively correlate with profits, the competition level is found to significantly reduce bank profits.Research limitations/implicationsCross-sectional data limit the findings of the paper to a point of time. In the future, studies with panel data are desirable.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study help bank managers to make more informed decisions about management practices. Any policy promoting new entrants to the banking market should be carefully considered.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to measure the management practices of commercial banks and to explore the impacts of management quality and competition level on bank performances.
Pressure to perform: female CEOs and firm community engagement
Authors: Thosuwanchot Nongnapat 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study examines the impact of female CEO on firm community engagement. By drawing on the stakeholder-agency paradigm, the author proposes that female CEOs feel more pressure to deliver favorable firm performance, thus resulting in less community engagement in firms with female CEOs. The author also examines circumstances surrounding the CEO as boundary conditions that can promote the extent that female CEOs engage in community initiatives.Design/methodology/approachThe author collected panel data on a sample of firms listed in the S&P 500 index during the years 2009–2013. The author tested the hypotheses using firm fixed-effects models.FindingsThe results show that firms with female CEOs pursue less community engagement. CEO career horizon and CEO unexercisable stock options are boundary conditions that weaken the negative relationship between female CEOs and community engagement, while board independence does not have a significant moderating effect.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on the roles of female CEOs on firm community engagement as a distinct firm strategic action. Furthermore, this study provides a better understanding of the relationship by examining different factors that can promote community engagement by female CEOs, which include CEO career horizon and compensation incentive.
Evaluation of sustainable supply chain risk: evidence from the Iranian food industry
Authors: Tavakoli Haji Abadi Yasamin , Avakh Darestani Soroush 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The food industry is directly related to the health of humans and society and also that little attention has been paid to the assessment of sustainable supply chain risk management in this area, this will be qualified as an important research area. This study aims to develop a framework for assessing the sustainable supply chain risk management in the realm of the food industry (confectionery and chocolate) with a case study of three generic companies denotes as A1–A3. The proposed risk management was evaluated in three aforementioned manufacturing companies, and these three companies were ranked by the Fuzzy-Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (F-WASPAS) method in EXCEL.

Design/methodology/approach
The evaluation was carried out using integrated multi-criteria decision-making methods Best-Worst method (BWM)-WASPAS. Via an extensive literature review in the area of sustainable supply chain, sustainable food supply chain and risks in this, 9 risk criteria and 59 sub-criteria of risk were identified. Using expert opinion in the food industry, 8 risk criteria and 39 risk sub-criteria were identified for final evaluation. The final weight of the main and sub-criteria was obtained using the F-BWM method via LINGO software. Risk management in the sustainable supply chain has the role of identifying, analyzing and providing solutions to control risks.

Findings
The following criteria in each group gained more weight: loss of credibility and brand, dangerous and unhealthy working environment, unproductive use of energy, human error, supplier quality, quality risk, product perishability and security. Among the criteria, the economic risks have the highest weight and among the alternatives, A3 has obtained first ranking.

Originality/value
Modeling of risk for the food supply chain is the unique contribution of this work.
Fear after being fired: the moderating role of resilience in lessening the time between employment
Authors: Scrimpshire Alex , Lensges Marcia 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study how the interplay of the emotion of fear and the personality trait of resilience affect time to reemployment after job termination. The authors carried out the research by extending affective events theory (AET) beyond the workplace.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a conceptual paper intended to lay the groundwork for future analysis in the areas of fear and resilience, specifically in the time after job termination.FindingsThe paper suggests that fear is a natural response to job termination, and there are two responses to fear: one of action to rid oneself of fear (“fight or flight”) and one of paralysis, in which an individual remains in a fear state. The authors put forth that one's level of resilience is a factor in determining time to reemployment.Originality/valueWhile there are numerous studies on the role emotions play in the workplace and in particular, the role of fear about potentially getting fired, there are few, if any, studies on the role of fear after losing a job. The authors feel this is a warranted area of study as fear can have both positive and negative responses. The authors also contend that a major diver of these fear responses is an individual's level of resilience, and this can be a significant predictor of the individual's time to reemployment.
Towards a resilient perspective for the future of offshore platforms. Insights from a data driven approach
Authors: Loia Francesca , Capobianco Nunzia , Vona Roberto 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the collective perception regarding the future of offshore platforms and frame the main categories of meanings associated by the community with the investigated phenomenon.Design/methodology/approachA data driven approach has been conducted. The collection of the peoples’ opinions has been realized on two specific social network communities as follows: Twitter and Instagram. The text mining processes carried out a sentiment and a cluster analysis.FindingsThe sentiment analysis of the most frequent words has been shown. The following four main homogeneous categories of words are emerged in relation to the decommissioning of offshore platforms: technological areas, green governance (GG), circular economy and socio-economic sphere.Research limitations/implicationsThe alternative use of the offshore platforms, including tourism initiatives, aquaculture, alternative energy generation, hydrogen storage and environmental research, could improve the resilience of communities by offering the development of new jobs and the growth of local and innovative green businesses.Practical implicationsThe adoption of a circular model and GG initiatives aims to limit the input of resources and energy, minimize waste and losses, adopt a sustainable approach and realize new social and territorial value.Originality/valueThe analysis underlines the importance to adopt a systems perspective, which takes into account the social, economic and environmental system as a whole, the different phenomena that occur and the variety of categories of stakeholders, from users to local governments that participate in the territorial development.
The potential contribution of terrestrial nature‐based solutions to a national ‘net zero’ climate target
Authors: Bradfer‐Lawrence Tom , Finch Tom , Bradbury Richard B. , Buchanan Graeme M. , Midgley Andrew , Field Rob H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Many national governments have incorporated nature‐based solutions (NbS) in their plans to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions. However, uncertainties persist regarding both feasibility and consequences of major NbS deployment. Using the United Kingdom as a national‐level case study, we examined the potential contribution of three terrestrial NbS: peatland restoration, saltmarsh creation and woodland creation.

While there is substantial political and societal interest in these three NbS, they also have strong potential for competition with other land uses, which will be a critical barrier to substantial deployment. We conducted a national mapping exercise to assess the potential area available for woodland creation. We then assessed the combined climate change mitigation potential to 2100 for the three NbS options under a range of ambition levels.

In line with the most ambitious targets examined, 2 Mha of land is potentially available for new woodland. However, climate change mitigation benefits of woodland are strongly dependent on management choices. By 2100, scenarios with a greater proportion of broadleaved woodlands outsequester non‐native conifer plantations, which are limited by regular timber harvesting.

Peatland restoration offers the greatest mitigation per unit area, whilst the contribution from saltmarsh creation is limited by the small areas involved. Overall, the contribution of these NbS to the United Kingdom’s net zero emissions target is relatively modest. Even with the most ambitious targets considered here, by 2100, the total cumulative mitigation from the three NbS is equivalent to only 3 years' worth of UK emissions at current levels.

Policy implications. Major deployment of nature‐based solutions (NbS) is possible in the United Kingdom but reaching ‘net zero’ primarily requires substantial and sustained reductions in fossil fuel use. However, facilitating these NbS at the national scale could offer many additional benefits for people and biodiversity. This demands that policy‐makers commit to a UK‐wide strategic approach that prioritises the ‘nature’ aspect of NbS. In the push to reach ‘net zero’, climate change mitigation should not be used to justify land management practices that threaten biodiversity ambitions.
Fiscal rules, fiscal performance and economic growth in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Nabieu Gladys Awinpoak Abindaw , Bokpin Godfred Alufar , Osei Achampong Kofi , Asuming Patrick Opoku 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the past four decades, many economies have striven to find permanent solutions to persistent increases in public deficits and deterioration of growth. For most economies, the solution to this problem was the adoption of fiscal rules. This paper presents empirical evidence on the effects of fiscal rules on fiscal performance and economic growth using a dataset of 43 countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa over 27 years. The study applies simultaneous equation models to determine the relationship between performance and growth in the public sector and also to avoid structural equation and endogeneity biases. The results show that fiscal rules significantly foster fiscal performance and decelerate growth. The study further finds the expenditure rules to be most effective in influencing fiscal balance and economic growth. The robust estimates further confirm that expenditure rules and government spending efficiency are necessary for promoting fiscal outcomes and economic growth. The study recommends the implementation of more revenue rules, debt rules and balance budget rules to ameliorate the negative effects of government spending on economic growth. In addition, Sub‐Saharan African economies should carefully consider the rules applied to government spending since fiscal rules on productive spending will impede economic growth.
International comparison of spending and utilization at the end of life for hip fracture patients
Authors: Blankart Carl Rudolf , van Gool Kees , Papanicolas Irene , Bernal‐Delgado Enrique , Bowden Nicholas , Estupiñán‐Romero Francisco , Gauld Robin , Knight Hannah , Abiona Olukorede , Riley Kristen , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Shatrov Kosta , Wodchis Walter P. , Figueroa Jose F. ,   ICCONIC Collaboration
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify and explore differences in spending and utilization of key health services at the end of life among hip fracture patients across seven developed countries.Data SourcesIndividual‐level claims data from the inpatient and outpatient health care sectors compiled by the International Collaborative on Costs, Outcomes, and Needs in Care (ICCONIC).Study DesignWe retrospectively analyzed utilization and spending from acute hospital care, emergency department, outpatient primary care and specialty physician visits, and outpatient drugs. Patterns of spending and utilization were compared in the last 30, 90, and 180 days across Australia, Canada, England, Germany, New Zealand, Spain, and the United States. We employed linear regression models to measure age‐ and sex‐specific effects within and across countries. In addition, we analyzed hospital‐centricity, that is, the days spent in hospital and site of death.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe identified patients who sustained a hip fracture in 2016 and died within 12 months from date of admission.Principal FindingsResource use, costs, and the proportion of deaths in hospital showed large variability being high in England and Spain, while low in New Zealand. Days in hospital significantly decreased with increasing age in Canada, Germany, Spain, and the United States. Hospital spending near date of death was significantly lower for women in Canada, Germany, and the United States. The age gradient and the sex effect were less pronounced in utilization and spending of emergency care, outpatient care, and drugs.ConclusionsAcross seven countries, we find important variations in end‐of‐life care for patients who sustained a hip fracture, with some differences explained by sex and age. Our work sheds important insights that may help ongoing health policy discussions on equity, efficiency, and reimbursement in health care systems.
Association between nursing home staff turnover and infection control citations
Authors: Loomer Lacey , Grabowski David C. , Yu Huizi , Gandhi Ashvin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the association between nursing home staff turnover and the presence and scope of infection control citations.Data SourcesSecondary data for all US nursing homes between March 31, 2017, through December 31, 2019 were obtained from Payroll‐Based Journal (PBJ), Nursing Home Compare, and Long‐Term Care: Facts on Care in the US (LTC Focus).Study DesignWe estimated the association between nurse turnover and the probability of an infection control citation and the scope of the citation while controlling for nursing home fixed effects. Our turnover measure is the percent of the facility's nursing staff hours that were provided by new staff (less than 60 days of experience in the last 180 days) during the 2 weeks prior to the health inspection. We calculated turnover for all staff together and separately for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses (LPNs), and certified nursing assistants.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe linked nursing homes standard inspection surveys to 650 million shifts from the PBJ data. We excluded any nursing home with incomplete or missing staffing data. Our final analytic sample included 12,550 nursing homes with 30,536 surveys.Principal FindingsStaff turnover was associated with an increased likelihood of an infection control citation (average marginal effect [AME] = 0.12 percentage points [pp]; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05, 0.18). LPN (AME = 0.06 pp; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.11) turnover was conditionally associated with an infection control citation. Conditional on having at least an isolated citation for infection control, staff turnover was positively associated with receiving a citation coded as a “pattern” (AME = 0.21 pp; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.32). Conditional of having at least a pattern citation, staff turnover was positively associated with receiving a widespread citation (AME = 0.21 pp; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.32).ConclusionsTurnover was positively associated with the probability of an infection control citation. Staff turnover should be considered an important factor related to the spread of infections within nursing homes.
Sashimi: A toolkit for facilitating high‐throughput organismal image segmentation using deep learning
Authors: Schwartz Shawn T. , Alfaro Michael E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Digitized specimens are an indispensable resource for rapidly acquiring big datasets and typically must be pre‐processed prior to conducting analyses. One crucial image pre‐processing step in any image analysis workflow is image segmentation, or the ability to clearly contrast the foreground target from the background noise in an image. This procedure is typically done manually, creating a potential bottleneck for efforts to quantify biodiversity from image databases. Image segmentation meta‐algorithms using deep learning provide an opportunity to relax this bottleneck. However, the most accessible pre‐trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been trained on a small fraction of biodiversity, thus limiting their utility.

We trained a deep learning model to automatically segment target fish from images with both standardized and complex, noisy backgrounds. We then assessed the performance of our deep learning model using qualitative visual inspection and quantitative image segmentation metrics of pixel overlap between reference segmentation masks generated manually by experts and those automatically predicted by our model.

Visual inspection revealed that our model segmented fishes with high precision and relatively few artifacts. These results suggest that the meta‐algorithm (Mask R‐CNN), in which our current fish segmentation model relies on, is well suited for generating high‐fidelity segmented specimen images across a variety of background contexts at rapid pace.

We present Sashimi, a user‐friendly command line toolkit to facilitate rapid, automated high‐throughput image segmentation of digitized organisms. Sashimi is accessible to non‐programmers and does not require experience with deep learning to use. The flexibility of Mask R‐CNN allows users to generate a segmentation model for use on diverse animal and plant images using transfer learning with training datasets as small as a few hundred images. To help grow the taxonomic scope of images that can be recognized, Sashimi also includes a central database for sharing and distributing custom‐trained segmentation models of other unrepresented organisms. Lastly, Sashimi includes both auxiliary image pre‐processing functions useful for some popular downstream color pattern analysis workflows, as well as a simple script to aid users in qualitatively and quantitatively assessing segmentation model performance for complementary sets of automatically and manually segmented images.
Fine‐tuning biodiversity assessments: A framework to pair eDNA metabarcoding and morphological approaches
Authors: Pereira Cátia Lúcio , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Araújo Miguel Bastos , Matias Miguel Graça 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Accurate quantification of biodiversity can be demanding and expensive. Although environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding can facilitate biodiversity assessments through non‐invasive, cost‐efficient and rapid surveys, the approach struggles to outperform traditional morphological approaches in providing reliable quantitative estimates for surveyed species (e.g. abundance and biomass).

We present an integrated methodology for improving biodiversity surveys that pairs eDNA metabarcoding with morphological data, following a series of taxonomic and geographical filters. We demonstrate its power by applying it to a new spatiotemporal dataset generated on an Iberian‐wide distributed aquatic mesocosm infrastructure that spans a wide biogeographical gradient.

By building upon the strengths that these two approaches offer, our framework improved taxonomic resolution for 30% of the taxa and enabled species’ traits (e.g. body size) and abundance to be assigned to 85% of the taxa in hybrid datasets.

These results indicate that eDNA‐based assessments can complement, but not always replace, conventional approaches. Integrating conventional and modern eDNA metabarcoding approaches, already available in the ecologist's toolbox, will greatly enhance biodiversity assessments.
Histories of trauma: A qualitative analysis of lifetime traumatic experiences among emergency department patients
Authors: Spadafore Sophia , Lane Madeline , Walker Jasmine , Jaikaran Elizabeth , Chisolm‐Straker Makini 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveEmergency medicine clinicians are excellent at identifying and treating physical trauma as a chief complaint, but are often unaware of patients’ previous experiences of trauma. The purpose of this study was to describe emergency department (ED) patients’ lifetime experiences of trauma.MethodsThe investigative team used framework analysis to examine 1,282 participants’ open‐ended responses to the Vera Institute's Trafficking Victim Identification Tool questions. Of these, 204 participants were found to have experienced at least one form of trauma; none of these participants were assessed positive for a human trafficking experience.ResultsFrom 204 participants, 343 instances of trauma were recorded and analyzed. Of the 204 patient‐participants who reported trauma, 96 experienced one form of trauma and 108 experienced two or more. Three major themes emerged: work trauma (experiences of trauma originating in the workplace), coercion (being manipulated into activities), and trauma connections (some forms of trauma were commonly experienced with other kinds of trauma). A fourth, less prominent, theme was disclosure as witness (participants witnessing trauma).ConclusionED patients have experienced many forms of lifetime trauma and, in this study, were willing to share about their experiences while in the acute care setting. Given the common experience of trauma among the ED patients in this investigation, more work is needed to examine if and how trauma‐informed care principles should be employed in the ED. Additionally, the ED may be an underutilized data source for researchers seeking participants with experiences of trauma and/or a point of connection for trauma survivors to be linked to trauma care services.