bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creative analytics: Towards data‐inspired creative decisions
Authors: Tamm Toomas , Hallikainen Petri , Tim Yenni 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrganisations across many industries are increasing the use of evidence‐based approaches to decision‐making through adoption of business analytics. Creative processes and decisions are an area of organisational decision‐making which has traditionally been highly intuition‐based, and where professional culture and practices are often very different from the engineering disciplines from which data‐driven decision approaches originate. Through the case study of the analytics‐oriented transformation of creative decisions at Rovio, a leading game development company, this study seeks to understand how organisations can make their creative decision processes more evidence‐based, while retaining the best features of artistic intuition and human creativity. The case study highlights several issues that need to be delicately managed and balanced to effectively combine analytics and human creativity, and offers five principles for such “creative analytics”: (1) build shared analytics values but provide tailored BA support; (2) build hybrid teams; (3) balance commercial and creative goals; (4) encourage creative experimentation and learning; and (5) make data‐inspired, not data‐driven, creative decisions.
Probing the spectrally selective property of NbB2‐based tandem absorber coating for concentrated solar power application
Authors: Poobalan Ranjith Kumar , Singh Mahander Pratap , Basu Bikramjit 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSolar selective coating with good thermal stability is the primary requirement for a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant to function with better photothermal efficiency. In recent years, ultra‐high‐temperature ceramic‐based coatings have been explored as potential materials for solar selective coatings. In this context, NbB2/Nb(BN)/Al2O3 tandem absorber coating was designed to be fabricated on a stainless‐steel substrate by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering of spark plasma sintered ceramic target. In the bulk form, the NbB2 ceramic exhibits high solar absorptance (α = 0.756) and thermal emissivity (ε = 0.43), whereas the amorphous single NbB2 coating exhibits α/ε = 0.716/0.13. Reactive sputtering of NbB2 in nitrogen produced a semi‐transparent coating with an optical bandgap of ∼2.80 eV and was used as the secondary absorber layer. Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses reveal mild oxygen incorporation in the absorber layers. The developed SS/NbB2/Nb(BNO)/Al2O3 tandem absorber exhibits a good solar absorptance of 0.950 and a moderate thermal emissivity of 0.15 at room temperature. The coatings exhibited good thermal stability when heated in vacuum for 5 h up to 700°C, and the selectivity (α/ε) remains above 6. The present work shows the possibility of exploring NbB2‐based tandem absorber coatings for CSP applications.
Assessment and significance of the frequency domain for trends in annual peak streamflow
Authors: Konrad Christopher , Restivo Daniel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRisk management of nonstationary floods depends on an understanding of trends over a range of flood frequencies representing small (frequent) to large (infrequent) floods. Quantile regression is applied to the annual peak streamflow distributions at 2683 sites in the contiguous United States to test for trends in the 10th quantile (floods with a 0.9 annual exceedance probability), the 50th quantile (median annual flood), and 90th quantile (floods with a 0.1 annual exceedance probability). Trends are most common (36% of sites) for the median annual flood (50th quantile) and often coherent with trends in both frequent small floods (10th quantile) and infrequent large floods (90th quantile). Changes in the at‐site variance of annual peak streamflow, indicated by convergence (decreasing variance) or divergence (increasing variance) of the 10th and 90th quantiles over time, are primarily in response to reservoir operation or urban development rather than climate. An analysis of synthetic series generated from nonstationary distributions demonstrates that quantile regression and standard trend tests used in flood frequency analysis have limited power and high rates of false negatives (>70%) when a test has a significance of p = 0.05. Quantile regression and tests with lower significance complement standard trend testing to inform flood risk management.
Medication chart review at end of life of paediatric palliative patients
Authors: Soo Jie Er Janice , Chan Mei Yoke , Bte Adb Rashid Noor Aisah Bee , Bte Mohamad Yusri Lilis Irwani , Wynn Yi Yi , Noda Misa , Tewani Komal 
Published: September 2021

AimThis study aimed to review the use of medications in a paediatric palliative care (PPC) population during the last two weeks of life.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational cohort study that included 50 consecutive patients who were referred to KK Hospital PPC service from 2011 to 2015. Those who died after two weeks from discharge date were excluded. Medication charts were reviewed and relevant data were extracted.ResultsThe study population included 42 patients and consists predominantly oncological and neurological diagnoses. The median number of medications used was 11.5. Ninety‐five percent (40 out of 42) of study population required analgesia where 81% (34 out of 42) were opioid. There was prevalent use of antibiotics (86% of study population, 36 out of 42). Less frequently used medications included steroids, sedatives, laxatives and antiemetics (48%, 52%, 48% and 38% of study population respectively).ConclusionSignificant number of medications was used in PPC during the last two weeks of life. Apart from significant use of analgesia, there is also notable use of antibiotics. Future directions in education such as prescription of laxatives with opioid are proposed.
Sleep apnea severity based on estimated tidal volume and snoring features from tracheal signals
Authors: Montazeri Ghahjaverestan Nasim , Saha Shumit , Kabir Muammar , Gavrilovic Bojan , Zhu Kaiyin , Yadollahi Azadeh 
Published: September 2021

SummarySleep apnea can be characterized by reductions in the respiratory tidal volume. Previous studies showed that the tidal volume can be estimated from tracheal sounds and movements called tracheal signals. Additionally, tracheal sounds include the sounds of snoring, a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. This study investigates the feasibility of estimating the severity of sleep apnea, as quantified by the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), using the estimated tidal volume and snoring sounds extracted from tracheal signals. Tracheal signals were recorded simultaneously with polysomnography (PSG). The tidal volume was estimated from tracheal signals. The reductions in the tidal volume were detected as potential respiratory events. Additionally, features related to snoring sounds, which quantified variability, temporal clusters, and dominant frequency of snores, were extracted. A step‐wise regression model and a greedy search algorithm were used sequentially to select the optimal set of features to estimate the apnea/hypopnea index and classify participants into healthy individuals and patients with sleep apnea. Sixty‐one participants with suspected sleep apnea (age: 51 ± 16, body mass index: 29.5 ± 6.4 kg/m2, apnea/hypopnea index: 20.2 ± 21.2 event/h) who were referred for a sleep test were recruited. The estimated apnea/hypopnea index was strongly correlated with the polysomnography‐based apnea/hypopnea index (R2 = 0.76, p < 0.001). The accuracy of detecting sleep apnea for the apnea/hypopnea index cutoff of 15 events/h was 78.69% and 83.61% with and without using snore‐related features. These findings suggest that acoustic estimation of airflow and snore‐related features can provide a convenient and reliable method for screening of sleep apnea.
Description of oral behavior during the oral processing of heterogeneous apple purees: An application of the temporal check‐all‐that‐apply method
Authors: Martin Christophe , Danten Virginie , Tournier Carole 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the potential of the temporal check‐all‐that‐apply (TCATA) method to describe oral behavior from the introduction of products into the mouth until swallowing. In particular, we wanted to test the feasibility of the task, the ability to show differences between composite products, and the possibility of segmenting the panel based on the data collected. Terms referring to actions performed during food oral processing (FOP) were used instead of classical sensory descriptors. The evaluation consisted, for a panel of 54 subjects, of checking the boxes corresponding to the actions in progress throughout the consumption of the products. The five products studied were an apple puree and four heterogeneous mixtures that were obtained by adding gel pieces varying in size (two sizes) and firmness (two levels of firmness). The participants did not encounter any particular difficulty in describing in real time the actions in progress during the consumption of the products. Data collected made it possible to describe the sequences of actions carried out during the FOP and to determine the influence of the presence of pieces of gels, their size and their firmness. We highlighted two groups of subjects presenting different behaviors. The subjects in the first one exhibited little difference in processing between the four samples containing the gel pieces, while the subjects in the second group adapted their behavior according to the firmness of the gel pieces. Overall, this exploratory study suggests the ability of TCATA in describing oral behavior during FOP. Future studies should aim at validating it with objective measurements of FOP.
Water quality, phytoplankton composition and microcystin concentrations in Kisumu Bay (Kenya) of Lake Victoria after a prolonged water hyacinth infestation period
Authors: Miruka Jared Babu , Getabu Albert , Sitoki Lewis , James Onchieku , Mwamburi Job , George Ogendi , Chrisphine Nyamweya , Odoli Cyprian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe production of phytoplankton (algal) toxins and their control is of concern because of the need to reduce their negative impacts on water quality and facilitate effective management of algal blooms. The present study was conducted between September 2017 to May 2018, focusing on Kisumu Bay in the Kenyan portion of Lake Victoria, in order to establish the magnitude of potential impacts on phytoplankton composition and microcystin following a prolonged presence of water hyacinth coverage between 2013 and 2018 within the gulf, with an estimated coverage range varying between 644 and 1224 ha. Triplicate samples of physico‐chemical parameters, nutrients, phytoplankton, chlorophyll‐a and algal toxins (N = 88) were collected at eleven sampling sites to determine their spatio‐temporal variability. The main identified algal taxa comprised Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Zygnematophyceae and Dinophyceae. The most dominant algal species were Microcystis aeruginosa (25%), Merismopedia spp. (23%) and Anabaena flos‐aquae (16%). Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to determine microcystin (MC) toxins in the water. Mean MC‐LR and MC‐YR concentrations were significantly correlated (R2 = 0.972), exceeding WHO standards at three sampling sites (Coca Cola, 2.84 ± 4.76; Kisumu pier, 1.78 ± 1.87; Midpoint, 1.44 ± 2.71 μg/L MC–LR). There were significant temporal variations (p < .05) in the SRP, TN, NO3‐N, NO2‐N, NH4‐N, SiO2‐Si, MC‐LR, MC‐YR, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved and suspended solids (TDS; TSS), turbidity, electrical conductivity, Secchi depth, temperature and pH levels. The water depth, TP and DO also vary spatially. The nitrogen to phosphorus concentration ratios differed from the expected N:P ratio of 16:1, indicating a highly eutrophic status. The disproportionate ratio of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the bay may be responsible for the enhanced cyanobacterial blooms it exhibits. The results of the present study provide useful information and data for formulating regulations for water quality management.
Framing healthcare professionals in written adverse events: A discourse analysis
Authors: Gyberg Anna , Henoch Ingela , Lepp Margret , Ulin Kerstin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHealthcare professionals have a major responsibility to protect patients from harm. Despite vast efforts to decrease the number of adverse events, the progression of patient safety has internationally been acknowledged as slow. From a social construction perspective, it has been argued that the understanding of patient safety is contextual based on historical and structural rules, and that this meaning construction points out different directions of possible patient safety actions. By focusing on fact construction and its productive and limiting effect on how something can be understood, we explored the discourses about healthcare professionals in 29 written reports of adverse events as reported by patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals. Through the analysis, a discourse about the healthcare professionals as experts was found. The expert role most dominantly included an understanding that adverse events were identified through physical signs and that patient safety could be prevented by more strictly following routines and work procedures. We drew upon the conclusion that these regimes of truth brought power to the expert discourse, to the point that it became difficult for patients and relatives to engage in patient safety actions on their terms.
Performance of generalist hemiparasitic Euphrasia across a phylogenetically diverse host spectrum
Authors: Brown Max R. , Moore Paloma G. P. , Twyford Alex D. 
Published: September 2021

Summary

Generalist hemiparasites may attach to many different host species and experience complex parasite–host interactions. How these parasite–host interactions impact on the fitness of hemiparasitic plants remain largely unknown.

We used experimentally tractable eyebrights (Euphrasia, Orobanchaceae) to understand parasite–host species interactions affecting the performance of a generalist hemiparasitic plant. Common garden experiments were carried out measuring Euphrasia performance across 45 diverse hosts and in different parasite–host combinations.

We show that variation in hemiparasite performance can be attributed mainly to host species and host phylogenetic relationships (λ = 0.82; 0.17–1.00 CI). When variation in performance is considered temporally, annual host species cause earlier flowering, and lead to poorer performance late in the season. While Euphrasia species typically perform similarly on a given host species, some eyebrights show more specialized parasite–host species interactions.

Our results show that generalist hemiparasites only benefit from attaching to a limited, but phylogenetically divergent, subset of hosts. The conserved responses of divergent Euphrasia species suggest hemiparasite performance is affected by common host attributes. However, evidence for more complex parasite–host species interactions show that a generalist hemiparasite can potentially respond to individual host selection pressures and may adapt to local host communities.
The epistemology of modal modeling
Authors: Sjölin Wirling Ylwa , Grüne‐Yanoff Till 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhilosophers of science have recently taken care to highlight different modeling practices where scientific models primarily contribute modal information, in the form of for example possibility claims, how‐possibly explanations, or counterfactual conditionals. While examples abound, comparatively little attention is being paid to the question of under what conditions, and in virtue of what, models can perform this epistemic function. In this paper, we firstly delineate modal modeling from other modeling practices, and secondly review attempts to spell out and explain the epistemic success conditions of modal modeling. The aim is to more clearly expose the respective justificatory strategies of these accounts, and secondly, to identify lacunae where further work is needed.
The secreted proteome of necrotrophic Ciborinia camelliae causes nonhost‐specific virulence
Authors: Kondratev Nikolai , Middleditch Martin J. , Denton‐Giles Matthew , Bradshaw Rosie E. , Cox Murray P. , Dijkwel Paul P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCiborinia camelliae (Sclerotiniaceae) is a host‐ and organ‐specific fungal pathogen that causes rapid browning and flower drop on ornamental plants of the genus Camellia. To determine the nature of its necrotrophic factors, we tested whether proteins secreted by C. camelliae can damage host‐plant tissues. Fungal culture filtrate caused necrogenic activity, abolished by heat or protease treatments, thus indicating that the secreted necrogenic agents are probably proteinaceous in nature. Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics was used to detect and identify secreted proteins of C. camelliae. Proteins secreted in culture media (in vitro) and in petal apoplast (in planta) had similar functional distributions, and key identified proteins included homologs to known virulence factors of the closely related Sclerotiniaceae fungus Botrytis cinerea, including endopolygalacturonases, cerato‐platanin family proteins, and necrosis‐ and ethylene‐inducing peptides. The main class of secreted proteins were carbohydrate‐active enzymes, a characteristic signature of necrotrophic plant pathogens. Both fungal culture filtrate and apoplastic washes of infected petals induced necrosis when infiltrated into host and nonhost plants. This suggests that while some of the secreted proteins might contribute to virulence of C. camelliae, and can cause necrosis similar to secreted proteins of broad‐host Sclerotiniaceae pathogens, they do not have a role in determining its host specificity.
The Contemporary Presidency: “Was the “Deep State” Out to Get President Trump? Evidence from Campaign Contributions from F.B.I. Personnel”
Authors: Nownes Anthony J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWas the “deep state” truly “out to get” President Donald Trump during his presidency? This article addresses this question by examining the federal campaign contributing behavior of the deepest of allegedly “deep state” actors—employees of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I.). Our findings, showing that F.B.I. employees contributed vanishingly low sums of money during the Trump years and that those who did make contributions tended to support President Trump, suggest that the F.B.I. was not out to destroy the president.
Halting Jacob in Early Modern Sermons
Authors: Mclelland Kaye 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEarly seventeenth‐century sermons on Genesis 32 present an extrabiblical trope of Jacob’s persistent limp that seems at odds with surrounding societal attitudes to lameness specifically and disability more generally and even with attitudes to lameness elsewhere in the Bible. Despite there being no subsequent mention of a disability in the Jacob narrative, he is frequently described in sermons and other religious writing of the period as ‘halting to his grave’ and other phrases suggestive of memento mori. Yet, rather than indicating a negative attitude to lameness, Jacob’s limp is seen as part of his blessing. Looking at preachers including Thomas Adams and William Perkins, and in the light of early modern concerns with Biblical translation and advances in anatomical knowledge, this article uses textual and linguistic analysis to examine the theological desire for a lame or limping Jacob, and the implications of his role within the metaphorical repertoire of the early modern sermon.
The Danish “11 for Health” program raises health knowledge, well‐being, and fitness in ethnic minority 10‐ to 12‐year‐olds
Authors: Ryom Knud , Christiansen Søren Riis , Elbe Anne‐Marie , Aggestrup Charlotte Sandager , Madsen Esben Elholm , Madsen Mads , Larsen Malte Nejst , Krustrup Peter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigated the effects of the health promotion intervention “11 for Health in Denmark” program on 10‐ to 12‐year‐old ethnic minority schoolchildren's enjoyment, health knowledge, well‐being, and fitness.Methods1122 Danish 5th grade schoolchildren with ethnic minority background from 154 schools were randomized (5:1) to an intervention group (IG, n = 944) or a control group (CG, n = 178). The IG and CG were also divided into subgroups of children active in a sports club (IGPA: n = 644; CGPA: n = 122) and not active in a sports club (IGPI: n = 300, CGPI: n = 56). IG participated in the “11 for Health in Denmark” 11‐week program, consisting of 2 × 45 min per week of football drills, small‐sided games, and health education, whereas CG continued their regular activities. Pre‐post physical testing and questionnaires were applied (short version of the multidimensional well‐being questionnaire KIDSCREEN‐27, and a 34‐item health knowledge questionnaire).ResultsThe “11 for Health in Denmark” program was rated moderate‐to‐high on a 1–5 scale for enjoyment by girls (3.57) and boys (3.65). The intervention had positive between‐group effect on health knowledge in relation to hygiene (IG vs GC: 10.6% points (CI95%: 6.9:14.3), p < 0.05), nutrition (9.6% point (CI95%: 7.4:11.8), p < 0.01) and physical activity 4.4% points (CI95%: 2.2:6.6) as well as overall health knowledge (5.7% points, (CI95%: 4.3;7.1), p < 0.05), with similar effects for girls and boys. The IGPI subgroup showed a positive effect on well‐being (p = 0.04, school and learning) and also fitness effects on performance and VO2 max (p = 0.02: p = 0.01). The IGPA subgroup showed a positive effect on fitness scores (p = 0.02, BMI).ConclusionThe intervention program was enjoyable and had a positive impact on health knowledge of ethnic minority background schoolchildren. In addition, the intervention program had the strongest positive effects on well‐being and fitness scores for the non‐sports club‐active children.
The operation of the social support sector serving siblings of people with disabilities: A cross‐country analysis
Authors: Meltzer Ariella 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSibling support is a form of support often offered to the brother or sister of a person with disability. While practiced around the world and the subject of much research interest, most research about sibling support has been outcomes evaluation of individual sibling support programs, rather than about the operational/structural circumstances of the organizations providing sibling support or of the sibling support sector at large. Within this context, this paper offers the first research of its kind: an exploratory study of the business operation of sibling support in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, USA and Canada. Drawing on semi‐structured interviews with 13 leaders of sibling support provider organizations in these countries, the paper focuses on sibling support providers' business models, funding, staffing, leadership and governance. The findings highlight that across countries, sibling support is a sub‐section of the not‐for‐profit/charity sector that mostly operates with minimal funding and staffing, and which is largely driven by the passion and personal experience of those who run sibling support organizations. The paper discusses the implications of the findings, with the conceptual lens of seeking to formalize recognition and legitimacy for sibling support as a distinct social service type within the disability/health/social care and not‐for‐profit/charity spaces. Further, by aggregating the experiences of sibling support providers across countries, the paper is able to show that—while a distinct service type and sector—the successes and challenges of the sibling support sector nevertheless also very much reflect the broader struggles of many other small not‐for‐profits/charities.