bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of bitter and sweet taste gene receptor polymorphisms with dental caries formation
Authors: Yilmaz Melis , Balci Senay , Kocak Topbas Nazan , Derici Yildirim Didem , Tamer Lulufer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the study is to analyze the association of different bitter and sweet gene receptor polymorphisms and bitter and sweet food consumption on formation of dental caries in Turkish adult population.

Methods
This study included 205 adults whose detailed intraoral health examination was completed and decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index values were recorded. A mini questionnaire was applied to assess the consumption of bitter and sweet food. A venous blood sample from each participant was collected in Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes. Further, DNA samples were isolated from the blood samples by utilizing a DNA isolation kit, which were stored at +4 °C prior to the analysis. Taste receptor type 2 member 38 (TAS2R38; rs10246939, rs713598, rs1726866), Taste receptor type 1 member 2 (TAS1R2; rs35874116, rs9701796), and Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3; rs307355) gene polymorphisms were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results
There was no statistically significant association between the TAS2R38, TAS1R2, and TAS1R3 gene polymorphism and the DMFT index (p>0.05). No significant difference was found between the consumption of bitter and sweet food and the DMFT index (p>0.05).

Conclusions

TAS2R38 (rs10246939, rs713598, rs1726866), TAS1R2 (rs35874116, rs9701796), and TAS1R3 (rs307355) gene polymorphism may not be associated with the formation of dental caries in the Turkish adult population.
Sodium rare earth metal amides Na3
RE(NH2)6 (RE = La–Nd, Er, Yb) from ammonothermal synthesis
Authors: Kunkel Sebastian , Grill Jonas , Niewa Rainer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The amides Na3
RE(NH2)6 have been obtained from the metals in supercritical ammonia under ammonobasic conditions at 573 K and 70 MPa for RE = La–Nd, and at 473 K and 40 MPa for RE = Er, Yb. All compounds are formed in the hot zone within a temperature gradient, indicating a retrograde solubility under the applied process conditions. These amides represent soluble intermediates in ammonothermal binary rare earth metal nitride synthesis. All compounds were obtained as microcrystalline powders, while single crystals of those amides containing the heavier rare earth metals could be isolated. The crystal structures were solved and refined from single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction intensity data. The results of vibrational spectroscopy are reported. Thermal analysis measurements under inert gas atmosphere demonstrated a decomposition to the respective black binary rare earth metal nitrides REN1−δ
.
Achieving strong and stable nanocrystalline Al alloys through compositional design
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Jian , Wang Haiyan , Zhang Xinghang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Al alloys often suffer from low mechanical strength and lack high-temperature microstructural and mechanical robustness. A series of binary and ternary nanocrystalline (NC) Al transition metal alloys with supersaturated solid solution and columnar nanograins have been recently developed by using magnetron sputtering, manifesting a new realm of mechanical properties and thermal stability. Distinct solutes cause evident differences in the phase transformations and efficiencies for grain refinement and crystalline-to-amorphous transition. Certain sputtered Al-TM alloys have shown room-temperature mechanical strengths greater than 2 GPa and outstanding thermal stability up to 400 °C. In addition, the NC Al alloys show mechanical anisotropy and tension–compression asymmetry, revealed by micromechanical tests. Through the process encapsulating various compositionally distinct systems, we attempt to illuminate the solute effects on grain refinement and properties and more importantly, tentatively unravel the design criteria for high-strength and yet thermally stable NC Al alloys.

Graphic Abstract
Blue-emission tuning of perovskite light-emitting diodes with a simple TPBi surface treatment
Authors: Huang Xiaokun , Bäuerle Rainer , Tisserant Jean-Nicolas , Kowalsky Wolfgang , Lovrinčić Robert , Hernandez-Sosa Gerardo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe demonstrate a simple approach for blue-emission tuning of quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes through a surface treatment of 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) (TPBi). By increasing the TPBi concentration, we achieved tunable electroluminescence of the perovskite layer with wavelength shifted from the blue-green (506 nm) to blue (481 nm) regions of the visible spectrum. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy were conducted to study the morphological and optoelectronic properties of the films. Our results suggest that the TPBi molecules accumulated on the surface and grain boundaries of the perovskite layer changed the perovskite electronic structure causing the observed blue shifts.
Graphic abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy with a contralateral parietal seizure‐onset zone
Authors: AlGaeed Mohanad , Javan Ramin , Shields Donald C. , Gholipour Taha , Koubeissi Mohamad Z. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAchieving sustained seizure freedom following epilepsy surgery remains a challenge in some patients. Lesional temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), for example, in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis or other MRI abnormalities, carries a good prognosis for seizure freedom compared to significantly lower chances of seizure freedom in patients with non‐lesional epilepsy. However, even in some lesional TLE cases, persistent post‐operative seizures suggest seizure onset from a brain region that is clinically and electrographically silent but manifests only after propagation to the temporal lobe. A notable example of such a brain region is the parietal lobe, which has extensive connectivity to various brain regions. While certain seizure semiologies, for example, sensory seizures, suggest parietal lobe onset, some medial parietal seizures may be semiologically indistinguishable from temporal lobe seizures. Here, we report a patient with focal impaired awareness seizures that manifested semiologically and electrographically as left TLE but proved to originate from the contralateral medial parietal lobe. We discuss putative seizure propagation pathways.
Spontaneous vegetation succession and recovery of ecosystem structure and function in a 40-year abandoned stone quarry in a Mexican tropical dryland
Authors: Mendoza-García Marian , Godínez-Alvarez Héctor 
Published: October 2021

Background: The restoration of sites degraded by stone quarrying in drylands requires expensive interventions. However, these interventions cannot be used in tropical drylands because rural communities lack financial resources. Spontaneous vegetation succession may help restore degraded sites. However, spontaneous succession is evaluated by only comparing species composition between degraded and reference sites, without considering the structure and function of degraded sites.
Question: Can spontaneous succession restore the structure and function of sites degraded by stone quarrying?
Study sites and dates: San Rafael Coxcatlán, Puebla, 2013.
Methods: We evaluated nine indicators of ecosystem structure and function in 4 degraded sites abandoned for 40 years and 1 reference site.
Results: Spontaneous succession partially restored the structure and function of degraded sites. In all degraded sites, herb cover (20-49 %) and biocrust cover (21-51 %) were similar to those in reference site (19 %, 56 %). Three degraded sites also had canopy covers (57-76 %), shrub covers (51-52 %), and bare ground covers (2-3 %) similar to those in reference site (80 %, 42 %, 2 %). However, one degraded site displayed the opposite pattern (32 %, 8 %, 14 %). All degraded sites had lower tree cover (0-2 %), visual obstruction (6-25 %), and litter cover (3-30 %) than the reference site (21 %, 66 %, 77 %).
Conclusions: Spontaneous succession helped restore the structure and function in some degraded sites.
Electrical impedancemetry a new method for evaluating myocardial protection in operations with heart extracorporeal circulation
Authors: Bledzhyants Gevorg A. , Bubnov Vadim A. , Puzenko Dmitry V. , Cherepenin Vladimir A. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: to determine the information content of electrical impedancemetry as a method of assessing myocardial protection during cardioplegic different versions.
The study included 54 patients operated on in the emergency department of valvular defects surgery at Bakulev's Medical Center. Depending on the method of myocardial protection patients were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 - patients whom Buckberg cardioplegia was used (n = 31), group 2 - patients underwent cardioplegia solution with Custodiol (n = 9), group 3 - patients who have a perioperative myocardial protection used hyperkalium solution (n = 14). All patients were studied bioelectrical impedance of the myocardium.
The results showed that the electrical impedancemetry can well assess the state of the myocardium during surgery.
Aneurysmal bone cyst in the head and neck region of the pediatric patients: a review
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign, vascular and cystic bony tumors which can be rapidly expanding and locally cause destruction of the surrounding tissue. ABCs in the head and neck area are usually found in patients with younger age group. ABC in the head and neck region of children may vary in presentations and severity. ABCs are commonly found in mandible, sinonasal tract and cranium in head and neck region. Imaging and histopathological examinations confirm the diagnosis. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. ABC which is secondary to underlying bone pathology like osteoblastoma may refractory to treatment. ABC in the head and neck region are uncommon and should be considered as differential diagnosis of bony and vascular lesions in the locations like mandible, sinonasal area, cranium, mastoid bone and spine. The review article includes case series, case reports and original research on ABCs manifesting in the head and neck area published in the English language. All literatures identified via Scopus, Google scholar, Medline and PubMed were analyzed individually. Articles of ABCs included according to specified eligibility criteria. The total number of articles were 78 (41 case reports; 37 cases series; 8 original articles). ABCs rapidly grow with expansile manner and result in destruction of bone and surrounding tissue in the head and neck region, so clinicians must think about this clinical entity to diagnose correctly and treat appropriately. The aim of the article is providing a comprehensive review of the ABC in the head and neck region of the pediatric patients.
Role of Private Sector in Developing Employment through Skill Development Programme: A Case Study of Odisha
Authors: Sahoo Chinmaya kumar 
Published: October 2021

तत्कर्म यन्न बन्धाय सा विद्या या विमुक्तये ।
आयासायापरं कर्म विद्यान्या शिल्पनैपुणम् ॥
The above mentioned slokas are derived from VISHNU PURANA a great mythological and is one of the eighteen Mahapuranas, a genre of ancient and medieval texts of Hinduism. It means Action is that, which does not promote attachment; that is knowledge which liberates. All other action is mere effort/hardship; all other knowledge is merely another skill/craftsmanship. Present day skill refers to knowledge which can be applied in executing/solving a particular task. This also provides a person to earn his day to day livelihoods’. The skill development programme initiated at different level such as local bodies, corporatehouses, state government, central government and other authorities has the objective to empower the unemployed youth to increase their employability or engagement opportunities, so that they can be useful in contributing their individual income as well as in the national income. The corporate houses have launched massive skill development programmes through their CSR spending. They ensure to train and develop skill at the ground level and facilitate in the employment/engagement after successful completion of training. The present research paper is undertaken to study how the corporate houses impacting skill development programme in the society through their CSR programmes.
The influence of entrepreneurial capital on social transformation by social enterprises in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Francis K. Njenga , Daniel M. Kitonga , Francis M. Gatumo 
Published: October 2021

Several studies have found entrepreneurial capital or finance to be significant in growth and performance of enterprises. This development has led the researchers in the present study to investigate the role of entrepreneurial capital in social transformation by social enterprises in Kiambu County, Kenya. This journal examines the influence of entrepreneurial capital on social transformation. The context of the study was Kiambu County, Kenya. Social entrepreneurship theory, market failure theory, empowerment theory, planned behavior theory and cultural dimension’s theory guided the study. The study used a descriptive survey design guided by a mixed methods research approach. The sample size was 322 social enterprises drawn from a target population of 1944 social enterprises distributed all from Kiambu County. Data was collected using survey questionnaires and interview guide instruments. Simple random sampling technique was used to get the proportionate sample for each strata. Data was descriptively and inferentially presented and analyzed. The findings shows R-value of .614, R2 value of .377, adjusted R2-value of .375; F-statistics value is 1977.052 greater than critical value of 3.85 and p- value was 0.000. The study concludes that entrepreneurial capital has a statistically significant and positive effect on social transformation by social enterprises.
Adsorption Behavior of Pb, Cd, Ca, Al, Zn And Co Metal Ions on Cation Exchange Resin Dowex 50 Wx8 (Nh4+ Form) From Aqueous Acetone-Ammonium Propionate Media
Authors: Kamble S Rajan 
Published: October 2021

There has a wide interest in stability of different types of ion exchange resins against ionizing radiations. The irradiation damage and stability of polystyrendigni benzene and phenolformaldehide sulphonic acid ion exchange resins was investigated by determination of the radiolytic gases. The gas analysis showed a very good linear dose dependence of the evolved hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The linearity of carbon dioxide was good for Dowex 50 WX 10 but less pronounce for zeo-carb 215. Sulphur dioxide was at least partially produced by direct action and was consumed by secondary reaction during irradiation. Kuzin et al [1] analysed radiolytic gases evolved from a carboxylic acid exchange resin. Wiely et al [2] investigated gamma radiation induce degradation of sulphonetic styrle resin cross link with 4 and 8 % m / p dinyl benzene isomer or mixtures thereof including commercial divenyle benzene have been shown loss in capacity 5-12. 8% at the radiation intensities of 290 R/hr and total dose 0.91 – 1.0 x 10-8 rad in presence of water.
ADLA(NDIRMALA)RIMIZ
Authors: ULUCAN Mehmet 
Published: October 2021

Varlık(lar) ve varlığımız adlarla anlaşılabilir. Farkındalığın tezahürü ve karşılığı ilk olarak adlarda ve adlarla ortaya çıkar. Adlarla ilgili en önemli husus, anlam(ları) olmasına rağmen diğer hususlar da son derece önemlidir. Adlar ve adlandırmaların günlük dilde, resmî ve yazı dilinde önemli görevleri vardır. Bütün dünyada yeni icat ve üretimlerde ad ve adlandırmalar çok önemlidir. Bu icat, üretim ve geliş(tir)meler sosyal alanlarla doğrudan, diğer alanlarla dolaylı olarak ilgili ve ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Özellikle ilk ad(landırma)ların ne denli önemli olduğu gayet açıktır. Bunda din, ırk, tarih, kültür ve mitoloji önem arz eder. Adlar, bütün dillerde en çok ortak kullanılan unsurlardır. Bu yüzden dünyadaki dil bilimi çalışmalarında; adbilim çalışmaları ayrı bir alan olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Ad(landırma)larda daha çok özel adlar öne çıkmaktadır. Özel adlar, çoğunlukla millî olmakla beraber evrensel olanlar da oldukça fazladır. Bu adlarda daha çok az bulunur ve bilinir olmasına dikkat edilmektedir.
Makalemizde daha çok -son zamanlarda- tercih edilen özel adlarda nelerin etkili olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu hususta bazı çekinceler, eksiklikler, yanlışlıklar, böbürlenmeler ve bencillikler görülebilmektedir.
Review of Friction Reducers Performance Applied to the Marcellus Shale Region
Authors: McIntyre Morgan , Kelly Cayman , Kudrashou Viacheslau , Kazemi Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Polyacrylamide-based friction reducers (FRs) are widely used in hydraulic fracturing to reduce friction created within fluid as it flows through tubulars or other restrictions. These polymers generally add viscosity to the fluid to reduce the turbulence induced as fluid flows. Type and amount of total dissolved solids (TDS) in source water have significant impact on performance of FRs. This study investigates these effects and evaluates various types of FRs applied to the Marcellus Shale region.
It was found that increase in salinity often causes significant performance degradation (Mantell et al., 2011). This is especially critical for application of FRs in Marcellus shale that is known for challenging brine contents. This effect is more pronounced for some divalent cations than for monovalent ones. Addition of surfactant systems can improve FR performance by extending the salt tolerance. Overall, it can be concluded that FR optimization for given water content and proppant can be done by adjusting FR type and/or concentration. For special applications, when higher proppant loading is desired, applying Viscosifying Friction Reducers (VFRs) and High Viscosity Friction Reducers (HVFRs) are proven to be preferable. It was demonstrated that slickwater viscosity tend to increase exponentially with VFR concentration increase. At the same time VFRs should be breakable to ensure high regained proppant conductivity and minimization of formation damage. Such result would further justify the transition from traditional gelled fluids to FR-based viscous slickwater.
This comprehensive review explores the application of various types of FRs for Marcellus shale region. It defines the critical TDS levels, and types of cations that require changes in FR type or dosage. This data can benefit operators in (1) optimizing performance of the FR-based completion fluid; (2) avoiding formation damage associated with usage of unjustified additives; and (3) comparing/qualifying FRs based on their optimal range of application and economical dosage.
Ether Anesthetics Obstructs Touch-Induced Trigger Hair Calcium-Electrical Signals Preventing Excitation of The Venus Flytrap
Authors: Scherzer Sönke , Huang Shouguang , Iosip Anda , Fuchs Ines , Yokawa Ken , AL-Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Heckmann Manfred , Hedrich Rainer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Plants do not have neurons. Instead they operate transmembrane ion channels and can be electrically excited by physical and chemical clues. The Venus flytrap with its distinctive hapto-electric signaling is a prime example. When an insect collides with the trigger hairs emerging from the inner surface of the trap, the mechanical stimulus in the mechanosensory organ is translated into a calcium signal and an action potential (AP). Here we asked how a Ca 2+ wave and AP are initiated in the trigger hair and how these are fed into the systemic trap calcium-electric network. When the Dionaea muscipula trigger hair matures and develops hapto-electric excitability, the mechanosensitive anion channel DmMSL10 and voltage dependent SKOR type Shaker K + channel are expressed in the shear stress-sensitive podium, which interfaces with the flytrap’s prey capture and processing networks. In the excitable state, touch stimulation of the trigger hair first evokes a rise in the podium Ca 2+ , then the calcium signal together with an action potential, travel over the entire trap surface. Seeking the mechanisms that mediate touch-induced Ca 2+ transients in the mature trigger hairs, we show that OSCA1.7 and GLR3.6 type Ca 2+ channels and ACA2/10 Ca 2+ pumps are specifically expressed in the podium. In addition, we found that direct glutamate application to the trap evoked a propagating Ca 2+ and electrical event. Given that anesthetics affect K + channels and glutamate receptors in animal systems, we exposed flytraps to ether. An ether atmosphere suppressed the propagation of touch and glutamate-induced Ca 2+ and AP long-distance signaling, a response that was completely recovered when ether was replaced by fresh air. In line with ether targeting a calcium channel, so triggering a Ca 2+ activated anion channel, the AP amplitude declined before the electrical signal ceased completely. Ether in the mechanosensory organ neither prevented the touch induction of a calcium signal nor its post stimulus decay. This finding indicates that ether prevents the touch activated GLR3.6-expressing base of the trigger hair so exciting the capture organ.
Incidence And Risk Factors of Hypertension Therapy In Australian Cancer Patients Treated With Vascular Signalling Pathway Inhibitors
Authors: Hong Soojung , Daniels Benjamin , Leeuwen Marina T. , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Vajdic Claire M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Clinical trials report systemic hypertension is an adverse effect of vascular signalling pathway inhibitor (VSPi) use. There are limited data from routine clinical practice. We aimed to estimate the real-world incidence and risk factors of new-onset and aggravated hypertension for cancer patients dispensed VSPi in whole-of-population Australian setting.Methods We used dispensing records for a 10% random sample of Australians to identify treatment with subsidised VSPi from 2013-2018. We further identified dispensings of oral antihypertensive medicines 6 months before and during VSPi therapy. We defined (i) new-onset hypertension in people first dispensed antihypertensives after VSPi and (ii) aggravated hypertension in people with prior antihypertensive use dispensed an additional, or higher strength, antihypertensive after VSPi. We applied the Fine-Gray cumulative incidence function and Cox proportional hazard regression.Results 1,802 patients were dispensed at least one VSPi. The mean age of the cohort was 65 years and 57% were male. The incidence of new-onset treated hypertension was 24.3% (95%CI: 21.2-27.8); age ³60 years (HR 1.74; 95%CI: 1.32-2.31) and treatment with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared to bevacizumab (HR 1.96; 95%CI: 1.16-3.31) were risk factors. The incidence of aggravated hypertension was 25.2% (95%CI: 22.0-28.7) and risk was elevated for patients with renal cancer (HR 2.84; 95%CI: 1.49-5.41) and cancers other than colorectal (HR 1.85; 95%CI: 1.12-3.03).Conclusions Our real-world estimates of incident hypertension appear comparable to those observed in clinical trials (21.6-23.6%). Our population-based study provides some insight into the burden of hypertension in patients commencing VSPi in routine practice.
Marketing Analysis: Antiemetic Drugs on the Pharmaceutical Market of Uzbekistan
Authors: qizi Samedinova Dilnoza Nuriddin , Mannanovna Yunusova Kholida 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, we analysed, with the help of the “State Register of Medicines, Medical Devices and Medical Equipment Permitted for Use in Medical Practice of the Republic of Uzbekistan”, the number, dosage forms and cost of registered antiemetic drugs in 2016-2020 based on the DRUG AUDIT program, which offers a database of information from 2016 to 2020.