bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of melatonin in the molecular mechanisms underlying metaflammation and infections in obesity: A narrative review
Authors: Pivonello Claudia , Negri Mariarosaria , Patalano Roberta , Amatrudo Feliciana , Montò Tatiana , Liccardi Alessia , Graziadio Chiara , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Pivonello Rosario , Colao Annamaria 
Published: December 2021

SummaryObesity is a chronic condition whose management is a critical challenge for physicians. The scientific community has increased its focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in obesity etiopathogenesis to better manage patients with obesity and its associated complications. The tight connection between adipose tissue and the immune system has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in inflammation, and melatonin is important for circadian rhythm regulation and metabolic homeostasis, in which it orchestrates several molecular mechanisms involved in obesity and associated inflammation. Melatonin also regulates innate and adaptive immunity; its antioxidant properties are linked to reduced predisposition to infection and weight gain in patients with obesity through the modulation of the immune response, which has a significant beneficial effect on inflammation and, consequently, on the metabolic state. Low melatonin levels have been linked to obesity, and melatonin supplementation can reduce body weight, improve metabolic profile, and ameliorate immune responses and pro‐inflammatory stimuli. The role of melatonin in obesity is mainly related to improved oxidative stress signaling, modulation of adipokine secretion, and a switching from white‐to‐brown adipose tissue phenotype and activity. Moreover, the role of melatonin in obesity modulation by controlling circadian rhythm has recently emerged as a pivotal mechanism for lipid and glucose metabolism dysfunction in adipose, muscle, and liver tissues. Melatonin may also regulate the immune system by acting directly on thymus morphology and activity as well as by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory states during infections. The tight association between melatonin and immune response regulation is coordinated by Toll‐like receptors, which are rhythmically expressed during the day. Their expression may be strongly modulated by melatonin as their signaling is highly inhibited by melatonin. The current review summarizes studies of melatonin‐induced mechanisms involved in infection regulation, particularly the modulation of obesity‐associated inflammation and systemic complications.
Emotional labor and employee outcomes: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Humphrey Nicole M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile there is agreement among scholars that people‐work requires emotional labor, there is still some uncertainty about the consequences of emotional labor for employees. This article conducts a random‐effects meta‐analysis including 545 correlations across 175 primary studies to explore the relationship between emotional labor, burnout, and job satisfaction. The meta‐analysis suggests that emotional labor can be both harmful and beneficial to employees, depending on the emotional labor strategy used, that is, surface acting or deep acting. In addition, the meta‐regression shows that effect sizes between emotional labor and employee outcomes (i.e., burnout and job satisfaction) differ in collectivist and individualist cultures. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for research and practice.
Photocleavage‐based Photoresponsive Drug Delivery†
Authors: Liu Jinzhao , Kang Weirong , Wang Weiping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTargeted drug delivery has been extensively studied in the last decade, whereas both passive and active targeting strategies still face many challenges, such as off‐target drug release. Light‐responsive drug delivery systems have been developed with high controllability and spatio‐temporal resolution to improve drug efficacy and reduce off‐target drug release. Photoremovable protecting groups are light‐responsive moieties that undergo irreversible photocleavage reactions upon light irradiation. They can be covalently linked to the molecule of interest to control its structure and function with light. In this review, we will summarize recent applications of photocleavage technologies in nanoparticle‐based drug delivery for precise targeting and controlled drug release, with a highlight of strategies to achieve long‐wavelength light excitation. A greater understanding of these mechanisms and emerging studies will help design more efficient photocleavage‐based nanosystems to advance photoresponsive drug delivery.
The skin conductance response indicating pain relief is independent of self or social influence on pain
Authors: Gründahl Marthe , Retzlaff Leonie , Herrmann Martin J. , Hein Grit , Andreatta Marta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPain relief is defined as the ease of pain and is thus highly relevant for clinical applications and everyday life. Given that pain relief is based on the cessation of an aversive pain experience, it is reasonable to assume that pain relief learning would also be shaped by factors that alter subjective and physiological pain responses, such as social presence or a feeling of control. To date, it remains unclear whether and how factors that shape autonomic pain responses might affect pain relief learning. Here, we investigated how pain relief learning is shaped by two important factors known to modulate pain responses, i.e. social influence and controllability of pain. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded while participants learned to associate a formerly neutral stimulus with pain relief under three different pain conditions. In the social‐influence condition (N = 34), the pain stimulation could be influenced by another person’s decisions. In the self‐influence condition (N = 31), the participants themselves could influence the pain stimulation. Finally, in the no‐influence condition (N = 32), pain stimulation was simply delivered without any influence. According to our results, the SCRs elicited by the stimulus that was associated with pain relief were significantly smaller compared to the SCRs elicited by a neutral control stimulus, indicating pain relief learning. However, there was no significant difference in the pain relief learning effect across the groups. These results suggest that physiological pain relief learning in humans is not significantly influenced by social influence and pain controllability.
Content validity and reliability of the danish version of health care students’ attitudes towards addressing sexual health: a psychometric study
Authors: Prebble Kristina S. , Gerbild Helle , Abrahamsen Charlotte 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Danish version of Health Care Students’ Attitudes towards Addressing Sexual Health (SA‐SH‐D) is a questionnaire for measuring the attitudes of health care professional students’ towards addressing sexual health in their future professional practice and care.AimTo assess content validity and reliability of the SA‐SH‐D.MethodFollowing COSMIN guidelines, the study consisted of a cognitive interview study and a questionnaire study. Health care students from nursing, physiotherapy and occupational therapy programmes participated; seven were interviewed following the ‘Think Aloud’ method and 111 responded to two paper‐based SA‐SH‐D administered with a two‐week interval.ResultsThe SA‐SH‐D was found to be relevant, comprehensive and comprehensible. Three suboptimal wordings were identified. Floor and ceiling effects were found for six items. Cronbach's α for the total scale was 0.84 indicating good internal consistency. After a two‐week interval, the percentage of agreement per item ranged from 88.2% to 100% when allowing for a one‐point difference. The mean agreement percentage for the overall scale was 95.2% when allowing for a one‐point difference.ConclusionThe Danish version of Health Care Students Attitudes towards Addressing Sexual Health is a valid and reliable questionnaire for measuring health care professional students’ attitudes towards addressing sexual health in their future professional practice and care.
High CD4‐to‐CD8 ratio identifies an at‐risk population susceptible to lethal COVID‐19
Authors: De Zuani Marco , Lazničková Petra , Tomašková Veronika , Dvončová Martina , Forte Giancarlo , Stokin Gorazd Bernard , Šrámek Vladimir , Helán Martin , Frič Jan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAround half of people with severe COVID‐19 requiring intensive care unit (ICU) treatment will survive, but it is unclear how the immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 differs between ICU patients that recover and those that do not. We conducted whole‐blood immunophenotyping of COVID‐19 patients upon admission to ICU and during their treatment and uncovered marked differences in their circulating immune cell subsets. At admission, patients who later succumbed to COVID‐19 had significantly lower frequencies of all memory CD8+ T cell subsets, resulting in increased CD4‐to‐CD8 T cell and neutrophil‐to‐CD8 T cell ratios. ROC and Kaplan‐Meier analyses demonstrated that both CD4‐to‐CD8 and neutrophil‐to‐CD8 ratios at admission were strong predictors of in‐ICU mortality. Therefore, we propose the use of the CD4‐to‐CD8 T cell ratio as a marker for the early identification of those individuals likely to require enhanced monitoring and/or pro‐active intervention in ICU.
Effects of caffeine on rate of force development: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Grgic Jozo , Mikulic Pavle 
Published: December 2021

This review aimed to conduct a meta‐analysis of studies examining the effects of caffeine on rate of force development (RFD). Ten databases were searched to find relevant studies. Risk of bias (RoB) of the included studies was evaluated. Data were analyzed in a random‐effects meta‐analysis. Eleven studies with “some concerns” regarding RoB were included. In the main meta‐analysis, there was a significant ergogenic effect of caffeine ingestion on RFD (Hedges’ g = 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21, 0.52; p < 0.0001). An ergogenic effect of caffeine was also found on RFD during resistance exercises (Hedges’ g = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.67; p < 0.0001), but not during the countermovement jump test (Hedges’ g = 0.18; 95% CI: –0.02, 0.39; p = 0.08), with a significant difference between the subgroups (p = 0.03). Small‐to‐moderate (3–5 mg/kg; Hedges’ g = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.41; p = 0.002) and moderate‐to‐high caffeine doses (6–10 mg/kg) enhanced RFD (Hedges’ g = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.85; p < 0.0001), even though the effects were larger with higher caffeine doses (p = 0.04). Overall, caffeine ingestion increases RFD, which is relevant given that RFD is commonly associated with sport‐specific tasks. From a practical perspective: (1) individuals interested in the acute enhancement of RFD in resistance exercise may consider supplementing with caffeine; and (2) given that evaluation of RFD is most commonly used for testing purposes, caffeine ingestion (3–10 mg/kg 60 min before exercise) should be standardized before RFD assessments.
In sickness and in health: The politics of public health and their implications during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Daher‐Nashif Suhad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolitics is a major player in health, sickness, and death affairs. This article reviews the role of politics in public health and its impact on health outcomes, mortality ratios, and death scenarios amongst the most vulnerable populations. Furthermore, the article explains the reasons behind the absence of politics from health and public health discourses; and examines the role of politics during the mis/management of COVID‐19 pandemic. Drawing on Foucault's biopower, Mebmbe's necropolitics, and Butler's precarity, the article illuminates how public health policies are highly political insofar as they offer some individuals access to life but create possibilities of death for others. During COVID‐19, politics enabled governors to put at risk the most vulnerable groups, the precariat, namely refugees, asylum seekers, stateless, and immigrants, the majority of whom were impoverished. The article presents COVID‐19 as an example of a crisis that unmasks these politics, claiming that these politics are not new but rather a continuum of previous invisible policies that COVID‐19 unmasked and intensified. The article describes how the politics of health entail privileging individuals with capital value who can benefit the state's interests and maintains its power.
Thinking Disagreement
Authors: Verdejo Víctor M. , de Donato‐Rodríguez Xavier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we bring into focus the level of thought or content in the elucidation of disagreement. We set out the view that disagreement at this level involves a specific form of noncotenability, namely, noncotenability as captured by sense or intension as opposed to reference. We present the challenge that nourishes the alternative referential view and suggest, through examples, that (i) only intensional disagreement is apt to adequately accommodate basic rationality constraints on disagreement, and (ii) it can meet the aforementioned challenge insofar as we discriminate between noncotenability affecting one's concepts, intensionally conceived, and noncotenability affecting merely one's particular understanding of those concepts. We conclude that intensional disagreement is our best choice for an account of disagreement at the level of thought.
UK national survey of anticoagulation in extra‐corporeal photopheresis—Is it time for a UK consensus statement?
Authors: Wolf Julia , Alfred Arun , Gennery Andrew R. , New Helen V. , Scarisbrick Julia , Griffin James 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundExtra‐corporeal photopheresis (ECP) requires anticoagulation to prevent circuit clotting. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is currently the only anticoagulant licensed for the ECP system in use in the United Kingdom (UK). Acid citrate dextrose‐A (ACD‐A) is the preferred anticoagulant for most other apheresis procedures. Anecdotal evidence suggested variability in ECP practice across the UK with some providers using off‐label ACD‐A.AimsWe developed a survey together with the UK Photopheresis Society to establish current practice.Materials & MethodsThis was distributed to all 17 ECP providers covering 34 UK sites.ResultsSignificant variability in practice was demonstrated with only 36% of responding providers (5/14) using UFH exclusively and 29% (4/14) using ACD‐A as standard.ConclusionThis survey highlights the need for a UK consensus.
Evaluation of Sysmex XT‐2000iV analyzer performance across a network of five veterinary laboratories using a commercially available quality control material
Authors: Daly Susan , Freeman Kathleen P. , Graham Peter A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundLaboratory and instrument harmonization is seldom reported in the veterinary literature despite its advantages to clinical interpretation, including the use of interchangeable results and common reference intervals within a system of laboratories.ObjectivesA three‐step process was employed to evaluate and optimize performance and then assess the appropriateness of common reference intervals across a network of six Sysmex XT‐2000iV hematology analyzers at 5 commercial veterinary laboratory sites. The aims were to discover if harmonization was feasible in veterinary hematology and which quality parameters would best identify performance deviations to ensure a harmonized status could be maintained.MethodsThe performance of 10 measurands of a commercially available quality control material (Level 2—Normal e‐CHECK (XE)‐Hematology Control) was evaluated during three 1‐month time periods. Precision and bias were assessed with Six Sigma, American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) total error quality goals and biologic variation (BV)‐based quality goal approaches to performance measurement.ResultsInstrument adjustments were made to 1 analyzer twice and 3 analyzers once between evaluations to improve performance and achieve harmonization. Sigma metrics improved from 37/50 > 6 to 58/60 > 6 and to all >5 over the course of the harmonization project. BV‐based quality goals for desirable bias and for laboratory systems of 0.33 × CVI (within‐subject biologic variation) were more sensitive and useful for assessing performance than the ASVCP total error goals.ConclusionsOptimization and harmonization were achieved, and because BV‐derived bias goals were achieved, common reference intervals could be implemented across the network of analyzers.
Monocular retinopathy of prematurity‐like retinal vasculopathy in a dog
Authors: Sato Yu , Gray Alexa , Takahashi Kei , Dufour Valerie , Lutty Gerard , Miyadera Keiko , Aguirre Gustavo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeTo describe a case of monocular retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)‐like vasculopathy without oxygen supplementation in the dog.MethodsFundus photographs (RetCam), spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (sdOCT), confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO), and fluorescein angiography (FA), as well as postmortem histology and immunohistochemistry (Collagen IV and anti‐vWF antibodies), were carried out to characterize the vascular abnormalities.ResultsOphthalmic examination showed peripheral and mid‐temporal avascular areas in the tapetal region, neovascularization and abnormally dilated and tortuous retinal vessels in the left eye. sdOCT demonstrated not only cross‐sectional views of preretinal fibrovascular proliferation but also extensive proliferation extraretinally into the vitreous. FA emphasized demarcation of vascular and avascular zones with neovascular tufts “popcorns.” Histology and immunohistochemistry confirmed presence of abnormally dilated vessels and the intravitreal blood vessels.ConclusionsROP is a disease of abnormally developed retinal vascularization associated with oxygen supplementation therapy, potentially causing blindness in premature infants. Although the mechanism of ROP‐like vasculopathy in our case is unclear, it is important to appreciate that the abnormal vascular pattern seen in ROP in premature infants can occur in canines without oxygen administration.
Short-Term Prediction of Remaining Life for Lithium-Ion Battery Based on Adaptive Hybrid Model With Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network and Optimized Particle Filter
Authors: He Ning , Qian Cheng , He Lile 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As an important energy storage device, lithium-ion batteries have vast applications in daily production and life. Therefore, the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of such batteries is of great significance, which can maintain the efficacy and reliability of the system powered by lithium-ion batteries. For predicting remaining useful life of lithium-ion batteries accurately, an adaptive hybrid battery model and an improved particle filter (PF) are developed. First, the adaptive hybrid model is constructed, which is a combination of empirical model and long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model such that it could characterize battery capacity degradation trend more effectively. In addition, the adaptive adjustment of the parameters for hybrid model is realized via optimization technique. Then, the beetle antennae search (BAS) based particle filter is applied to update the battery states offline constructed by the proposed adaptive hybrid model, which can improve the estimation accuracy. Finally, remaining useful life short-term prediction is realized online based on long short-term memory neural network rolling prediction combined historical capacity with online measurements and latest offline states and model parameters. The battery data set published by NASA is used to verify the effectiveness of proposed strategy. The experimental results indicate that the proposed adaptive hybrid model can well represent the battery degradation characteristics and have a higher accuracy compared with other models. The short-term remaining useful life prediction results have good performance with the errors of 1 cycle, 3 cycles, and 1 cycle, above results indicate proposed scheme has a good performance on short-term remaining useful life prediction.
Visualizing Standardized Model-Based Design and Inspection Data in Augmented Reality
Authors: Vernica Teodor , Lipman Robert , Kramer Thomas , Kwon Soonjo , Bernstein William Z. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) has already helped manufacturers realize value across a variety of domains, including assistance in maintenance, process monitoring, and product assembly. However, coordinating traditional engineering data representations into AR systems without loss of context and information remains a challenge. A major barrier is the lack of interoperability between manufacturing-specific data models and AR-capable data representations. In response, we present a pipeline for porting standards-based design and inspection data into an AR scene. As a result, product manufacturing information with three-dimensional (3D) model data and corresponding inspection results are successfully overlaid onto a physical part. We demonstrate our pipeline by interacting with annotated parts while continuously tracking their pose and orientation. We then validate the pipeline by testing against six fully toleranced design models, accompanied by idealized inspection results. Our work (1) provides insight on how to address fundamental issues related to interoperability between domain-specific models and AR systems and (2) establishes an open software pipeline from which others can implement and further develop.
Binder Jetting and Infiltration of Metal Matrix Nanocomposites
Authors: Porter Quinton , Pei Zhijian , Ma Chao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The ability to produce a dense part of Al-based metal matrix nanocomposites using binder jetting followed by infiltration was investigated. A green density above 1.58 g/cm3 was determined to be necessary for spontaneous direct liquid infiltration to commence, and a press-compaction-assisted binder jetting process is needed to achieve this benchmark. A green density of 1.64 ± 0.02 g/cm3 only resulted in a density of 1.65 ± 0.03 g/cm3 by sintering at 1050 °C, which showed that densification is not possible with sintering alone. However, infiltration with Al-6061 produced specimens with a density of 2.74 ± 0.04 g/cm3, which corresponded to a density improvement of 65%. Moreover, the infiltrated specimens had a low open porosity of 2.71 ± 0.95% and a high hardness of 54 HRA. This study suggests that it is feasible to manufacture parts with complex shapes and superior mechanical properties using binder Jetting followed by infiltration.
Performing Energy-Efficient Pick-and-Place Motions for High-Speed Robots by Using Variable Stiffness Springs
Authors: Balderas Hill Rafael , Briot Sébastien , Chriette Abdelhamid , Martinet Philippe 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Typically, for pick-and-place robots operating at high speeds, an enormous amount of energy is lost during the robot braking phase. This is due to the fact that, during such operational phase, most of the energy is dissipated as heat on the braking resistances of the motor drivers. To increase the energy efficiency during the high-speed pick-and-place cycles, this article investigates the use of variable stiffness springs (VSS) in parallel configuration with the motors. These springs store the energy during the braking phase, instead of dissipating it. The energy is then released to actuate the robot in a next displacement phase. This design approach is combined with a motion generator which seeks to optimize trajectories for input torques reduction (and thus of energy consumption), through solving a boundary value problem (BVP) based on the robot dynamics. Experimental results of the suggested approach on a five-bar mechanism show the drastic reduction of input torques and therefore of energetic losses.