bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive binding of independent extension and retraction motors explains the quantitative dynamics of type IV pili
Authors: Koch Matthias D. , Fei Chenyi , Wingreen Ned S. , Shaevitz Joshua W. , Gitai Zemer 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Many bacteria use the extension and retraction of external protein filaments called type IV pili (TFP) as arm-like tentacles to grab a surface and pull forward or catch and internalize DNA. We here propose and test a model for how the dynamics of TFP and the switch between phases of extension and retraction are coordinated. This model quantitatively predicts all the observed TFP behaviors and important features such as pilus length and the pilus production rate accurately. It further yields insights into the molecular details of how the dedicated extension and retraction motors interact with the pilus machine. These results advance our understanding how TFP operate and how their dynamics give rise to biological function.
Dissipation bounds the amplification of transition rates far from equilibrium
Authors: Kuznets-Speck Benjamin , Limmer David T. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
The speed of a dynamical transition is central to processes across the physical sciences, but general principles to predict and design transition rates within a nonequilibrium system remain elusive. With stochastic thermodynamics, we derive exact relations and inequalities for the ratio of transition rates at and away from thermal equilibrium. We show that excess energy dissipation during the transition imposes an upper limit on the possible speed-up. Amplifying a rate requires a minimum energetic cost—the larger the dissipation, the higher the possible rate amplification. We demonstrate this variational relation on diffusive barrier crossings driven by noisy and deterministic external forces and discuss how it can be leveraged to design optimal protocols for controlling rates in complex random systems.
Robust semiconductor-on-ferroelectric structures with hafnia–zirconia–alumina UTBOX stacks compatible with CMOS technology
Authors: Popov V P , Antonov V A , Tikhonenko F V , Tarkov S M , Gutakovskii A K , Tyschenko I E , Miakonkikh A V , Lomov A A , Rogozhin A E , Rudenko K V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Silicon wafers with an ultrathin buried high-k oxide were fabricated by the atomic layer deposition of high-k layers on sapphire and silicon substrates with subsequent silicon layer transfer onto their surfaces by bonding and rapid thermal annealing (RTA). An extremely high thermal stability of hafnia orthorhombic Pca21
ferroelectric phase of up to 1100 °C was observed in the silicon-on-ferroelectric structure on the sapphire substrate. Silicon–ferroelectric–silicon structures with hafnia BOX and alumina inclusions also demonstrated increased thermal stability for hafnia or hafnia–zirconia alloys during the RTA treatment up to 900 °C, which makes them fully compatible with current complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology, promising integrated circuits for neuromorphic computation and optoelectronic switching devices.
Electrical and optical characterizations of a rotating gliding arc plasma-enhanced combustion dome in an aero-engine combustor
Authors: Hu Changhuai , He Liming , Chen Yi , Zhao Bingbing , Jun Deng , Qu Mei Jiao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A gliding arc discharge is a typical method of producing non-equilibrium plasma, presenting excellent advantages in the field of enhanced combustion. In this study, a rotating gliding arc (RGA) plasma was combined with an aero-engine combustor dome to develop a RGA plasma-enhanced combustion dome. Experiments were conducted to investigate discharge, spectral, and infrared radiation temperature characteristics in the RGA plasma-enhanced combustion dome. Experimental results showed that two different discharge modes occurred during the RGA discharge process, the breakdown gliding mode and the steady arc gliding mode. The results had major implications for understanding the effects of the airflow rate and input voltage on the arc gliding mode transformation. The breakdown voltage, the average power, and the gliding arc rotational velocity increased with an increase in the airflow rate and a decrease of the input voltage. The spectral emission intensities of OH, O2, and O and vibrational temperature of N2 (C3Πu→B3Πg) were relatively high at a high airflow rate. Additionally, the RGA discharge had a weak temperature rise effect on electrode, which had no obvious impact on the discharge process. These characteristics could be important for future applications for controlling plasma-enhanced combustion process.
High-efficiency sound absorption by a nested and ventilated metasurface based on multi-slit synergetic resonance
Authors: Liu Hongxing , Wu Jiu Hui , Ma Fuyin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A nested, sound-absorbing, ventilated metasurface was proposed based on multi-slit synergetic resonance, which could simultaneously achieve high-efficiency (>0.85), sound absorption, and effective (speed ratio >0.67) ventilation in a frequency range of 470–657 Hz. The unit of the sound-absorbing and ventilated metasurface (USAVM) consisted of a ventilation channel and a stepped micro-slit absorber, which could effectively trade-off ventilation and absorption performance. The sound absorption mechanism was revealed via the coupling of the ventilation channel and micro-slit absorber, relying on strong air friction and the slit walls near the resonance frequency. Furthermore, after a parametric study of the USAVM, a compact nested metasurface with a thickness of only 39.1 mm (1/17 wavelength) was constructed using eight parallel USAVMs, with a surface panel area of only 1/7 of the traditional parallel structure. Finally, the sound absorption and ventilation performance of the nested metasurface were verified experimentally. In addition, the absorption bandwidth could be further improved by using more USAVMs. This work provides a new possibility for achieving highly efficient sound absorption with a subwavelength ventilated structure in a low-frequency range that could be applied in buildings or industrial areas.
Elucidating the dominant mechanisms in burn rate increase of thermite nanolaminates incorporating nanoparticle inclusions
Authors: Julien Baptiste , Wang Haiyang , Tichtchenko Emilian , Pelloquin Sylvain , Esteve Alain , Zachariah Michael R , Rossi Carole 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It was experimentally found that silica and gold particles can modify the combustion properties of nanothermites but the exact role of the thermal properties of these additives on the propagating combustion front relative to other potential contributions remains unknown. Gold and silica particles of different sizes and volume loadings were added into aluminum/copper oxide thermites. Their effects on the flame front dynamics were investigated experimentally using microscopic dynamic imaging techniques and theoretically via a reaction model coupling mass and heat diffusion processes. A detailed theoretical analysis of the local temperature and thermal gradients at the vicinity of these two additives shows that highly conductive inclusions do not accelerate the combustion front while poor conductive inclusions result in the distortion of the flame front (corrugation), and therefore produce high thermal gradients (up to 1010 K.m−1) at the inclusion/host material interface. This results in an overall slowing down of the combustion front. These theoretical findings contradict the experimental observations in which a net increase of the flame front velocity was found when Au and SiO2 particles are added into the thermite. This leads to the conclusion that the faster burn rate observed experimentally cannot be fully associated with thermal effects only, but rather on chemical (catalytic) and/or mechanical mechanisms: formation of highly-stressed zones around the inclusion promoting the reactant mixing. One additional experiment in which physical SiO2 particles were replaced by voids (filled with Ar during experiment) to cancel the potential mechanical effects while preserving the thermal inhomogeneity in the thermite structure confirms the hypothesis that instead of pure thermal conduction, it is the mechanical mechanisms that dominate the propagation velocity in our specific Al/CuO multilayered films.
Dry sonication process for preparation of hybrid structures based on graphene and carbon nanotubes usable for chemical sensors
Authors: Prosheva Marija , Ehsani Maryam , Pérez-Martínez Bertha T , Blazevska Gilev Jadranka , Joseph Yvonne , Tomovska Radmila 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The combination of graphene (G) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) creates three-dimensional hybrid structures particularly suitable as next-generation electrical interface materials. Nevertheless, efficient mixing of the nanopowders is challenging, unless previous disaggregation and eventual surface modification of both is reached. To avoid use of solvents and multistep purification process for synthesis of stable G/MWCNTs hybrids, herein, a novel dry method based on an air sonication process was used. Taking advantage from the vigorous turbulent currents generated by powerful ultrasonication in air that induces strong thermal convection or radiation to and from the particles, it simultaneously ensures disentanglement of the large MWCNT bundles and G exfoliation and their only mild surface modifications. By changing the ratio between MWCNTs and G, a range of hybrids was obtained, different in surface morphology and chemistry. These hybrids have shown great potential as sensing material for designing mass-based sensors for toxic gases and chemiresistor for vapors detection.
Spectral characteristics of broad band-rejection filter based on Bragg grating, one-dimensional photonic crystal, and subwavelength grating waveguide
Authors: Khonina S N , Kazanskiy N L , Butt M A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the spectral characteristics of broad band-rejection filters composed of Bragg grating (BG), one-dimensional Photonic crystal (1D PC) and subwavelength grating (SWG) waveguide is discussed. The numerical study is conducted via 3D-finite element method (3D-FEM). To provide a fair comparison of the bandwidth and extinction ratio (ER) of the filter designs based on three different approaches, the waveguide width, height, length, grating period are kept constant. For the filter performance analysis, the grating period is fixed at 400 nm while the remaining geometric parameters are optimized to obtain the maximum ER and bandwidth. The maximum ER of >24 dB is obtained for all the three filter models having a footprint of 13.85 × 1 μm2 while the band-rejection bandwidth of BG, 1D PC and SWG waveguide is 158 nm, 432 nm and 295 nm, respectively. We believe that the study presented in this work will assist the researchers to choose the appropriate filter configuration to obtain maximum filter performance.
Deposition pattern of drying droplets
Authors: Yang Xiuyuan , Jiang Zechao , Lyu Peihan , Ding Zhaoyu , Man Xingkun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The drying of liquid droplets is a common daily life phenomenon that has long held a special interest in scientific research. When the droplet includes nonvolatile solutes, the evaporation of the solvent induces rich deposition patterns of solutes on the substrate. Understanding the formation mechanism of these patterns has important ramifications for technical applications, ranging from coating to inkjet printing to disease detection. This topical review addresses the development of physical understanding of tailoring the specific ring-like deposition patterns of drying droplets. We start with a brief introduction of the experimental techniques that are developed to control these patterns of sessile droplets. We then summarize the development of the corresponding theory. Particular attention herein is focused on advances and issues related to applying the Onsager variational principle (OVP) theory to the study of the deposition patterns of drying droplets. The main obstacle to conventional theory is the requirement of complex numerical solutions, but fortunately there has been recent groundbreaking progress due to the OVP theory. The advantage of the OVP theory is that it can be used as an approximation tool to reduce the high-order conventional hydrodynamic equations to first-order evolution equations, facilitating the analysis of soft matter dynamic problems. As such, OVP theory is now well poised to become a theory of choice for predicting deposition patterns of drying droplets.
Research on Intention Perception of Air Pollution Control Based on Text Analysis
Authors: Pan Lu , Guan Changqing , Li Jiatong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the issue of air pollution has attracted unprecedented attention, governments at all levels have issued intensive air pollution prevention and control policies to deal with air pollution[1], however, it is worth paying attention to how people perceive the intention of air pollution control and whether the effect can meet the actual demands of the public. This paper adopts text analysis method and uses the information of Micro Blog platform, especially the short text information, as the research object with the help of ROETCM tool to crawled the data related to air pollution control, so as to analyze the Internet users’ perception of the effect of air pollution control, at the same time, it provides reference for better, more practical and more effective control of air pollution.
New Spraying Modelling of Special Surfaces for Environmental Protection
Authors: Chen Shiming , Chen Yan , Yang Guichun , Zhou Shuang , Chen Wenzhuo , Guan Jinfa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Research on spraying models of special profiles has a great significance on optimizing spraying quality, saving paint and protecting environment and health of workers. This article establishes a paint deposition model including the spray flow field model and impact adhesion model based on the Euler-Euler method. The model is solved by using polyhedral mesh to divide the fluid calculation domain and the coupled SIMPLE algorithm to compute the governing equations. The methods of spraying along the bus bar and circumferential spraying are applied to simulate and test the conical surface and the arc surface successively. Results of the experiments demonstrate the errors of the four cases are all less and confirm that the established paint deposition model is suitable for spraying research on conical outer surface.
Analysis of the Key Factors of Pumping Well System Efficiency for Oil Field Based on Multiple Regression
Authors: Yao Bin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many factors are affecting the efficiency of the pumping well system and the lack of pertinence in oil well governance. It is proposed to use the block as a unit to use the multiple regression method to study the key influencing factors of the system efficiency, determine the degree of influence of various factors on the system efficiency through standardized regression coefficients, and grasp the main contradictions that restrict the efficiency of the oil well system. Guide the adjustment and optimization of oil wells, provide theoretical support for the targeted management of pumping well system efficiency, and improve the comprehensive management level of the oilfield.
Integrated Energy Service Package Design Based on User Profile and Cost-benefit Analysis
Authors: Xu Weiting , Tang Quan , Wang Haiyan , Xu Hao , Cheng Chao , Wang Ziyao , Li Huaqiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At present, with the acceleration of energy transition and the continuous deepening of power market reform, energy system forms in China are showing new development trends. In order to strengthen the flexibility of the power market and solve the problem of single sales model, this paper used user portrait technology and cost-benefit analysis to analyze the IES package qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis provides the packaged purchase mode for users; in the quantitative analysis, combined with the package-based Apriori algorithm, a model of users’ willingness to buy packages and a fixed-capacity model with the objective function of maximizing service provider revenue were established. Finally, based on five types of integrated energy services: power substitution service, PV service, CCHP service, energy saving renovation and energy efficiency improvement service, and operation and maintenance service, the reliability and scientificity of the model were verified through calculation examples. And by selling integrated energy services in the form of packages, both users and service providers can obtain certain benefits, achieve the goal of “1+1>2” and increase new sales methods in the power market.
Economic Analysis of Deep Peak-Shaving Reform of 600MW Thermal Power Unit in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Power Grid
Authors: Guo Yujie , Tian Xueqin , Xu Tong , Wang Xinlei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Promoting deep peak-shaving reform to excavate the peak-shaving potential of thermal power unit is an important way to solve the renewable energy consumption contradiction in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan power grid, which is restricted by the rationality of deep peak-shaving revenue. Based on the peak-regulation auxiliary service in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan power grid, this paper analyses the economy of deep peak-shaving reform of a 600MW thermal power unit and the effect of peak-shaving demand and coal price, providing reference for the operation management of thermal power units.
An Approach of Top-DOWN Electric Generation Knowledge Graph Construction
Authors: Liang Hao , Peng Xiaojun , Zhao Ningning , Duan Liguo , Yu Pengfei , Fu Da 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Knowledge Graph technology is a key research area of artificial intelligence technology. It has an obviously advantage in semantic processing and content interconnection, and widely used to provide intelligent information services in the open domain such as Web intelligent, NLP, user profile, etc. With the exploration and attempt of Knowledge Graph in vertical fields, it is confirmed that it can accelerated the intelligence application in all the electric generation life cycle, such as operation optimization, technical overhaul, intelligent marketing, material procurement, equipment maintenance. A Top-Down construction method of electric generation Knowledge Graph is proposed under the Kraftwerk-Kennzeichen system (KKS) to integrate electric generation knowledge and the knowledge management formation.
Numerical Investigation of Flow Dynamics and Improvement of Hot Primary-air Pipe Systems in Power Generation Plants
Authors: Yan Qingyun , Li You , Zhu Yuanhong , Luo Guoquan , Zheng Haitao , Liang Damei , Ye Xuemin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The pressure losses of the hot primary-air pipe system have a great influence on the economic operation of a pulverizing system. To balance the flow resistance for different branches, Fluent was applied to simulate flow dynamics and pressure drop for a hot primary-air pipe system, and two improvement schemes were proposed. Numerical simulation reveals that for the original configuration, the flow losses of each branch are quite different, and the large resistance of some branches is mainly caused by pipe tees. After improvement, the flow regime has been significantly polished, and the total pressure drop of different branches is greatly reduced. Compared with the original configuration, the total pressure loss of branch B and branch D in case 2 is reduced by 65% and 53%, respectively, then an approximately equal pressure drop of each branch is achieved after structure improvement.
Optimal Sensor Placement and Fault Diagnosis Model of PV Array of Photovoltaic Power Stations Based on XGBoost
Authors: Wang Hai , Sun Fengjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As an important part of photovoltaic power stations, daily monitoring and maintenance of photovoltaic array are quite necessary. In order to be able to accurately locate the faulty module and diagnose fault types. The fault diagnosis model which based on XGBoost optimized by GridSearchCV on optimal sensor placement is proposed in this article. First, the change laws of external electrical characteristics of photovoltaic modules under the control of MPPT technology are analyzed in different fault states. On this basis, the parameters which can locate the faulty PV modules and the input of the XGBoost PV fault diagnosis model are obtained. Finally, during the process of the simulation and experiment, the failure data measured by the multi-sensor method can be used as a positioning quantity to locate the faulty module. The comparison results with the other three algorithms (LR, RF, XGBoost) prove that the performance of GS-XGBoost algorithm has great advantages in judging PV fault types (short circuit, open circuit, aging).
An Improved Shrunken Primal-Dual Subgradient (i-SPDS) algorithm for Optimization in Large-Scale Networked Environment
Authors: Luo Kui , Wang Qinghua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Large-scale optimization in networked environment is challenged by scalability. To address this challenge, this paper sets its aim on developing algorithms for optimization problems with strongly coupled objective function and global constraints. As a radical improvement of the state-of-the-art algorithms, this paper develops an improved shrunken-primal-dual subgradient (i-SPDS) algorithm that establishes fast convergence and eliminates optimality gap. The developed algorithm is rather generic in that it can be readily implemented in any applications that involve large-scale networked environment. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed i-SPDS.
Application of Particle Swarm Optimization in Overturning Moment of Crawler Crane
Authors: Xu Haixiang , Zhang Ye , Lei Juyang , Wu Fengqi , Gong Wen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The rotating angle is one of the important operation parameters of jib crane, while the on-site survey of slewing angle is a difficult problem to evaluate the accuracy of angle display. This paper put forward a survey methodology based on the coordinate data around the rotation of marked points on the crane boom, and constructed the cost function by the geometric relations of marked point trajectory, used the particle swarm optimization algorithm to find the optimal solution of estimated angle. The simulation, laboratory experiment and on-site tests showed the survey methodology has the satisfied accuracy and be easy to implement.
First and second order sensitivity analysis of discontinuous parametric periodic systems
Authors: Wójcicki Z 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper concerns sensitivity analysis of discontinuous parametric periodic systems. The eigenderivatives of monodromy matrix (Floquet transient matrix) were the first calculated. Then the first and second derivatives of multiplier, which are the complex eigenvalues of monodromy matrix, were obtained. Then, by solving the sensitivity equation obtained in this way, to evaluate the first and second derivative of monodromy matrix and finally the first and second derivatives of multipliers. The theory has been expanded to cover a class of discontinuous parametric periodic excitations, including a situations when: the period of parametric excitation depends on the design parameters, the position of discontinuity points depends on the design parameters, and both discontinuity points and parametric constraints are a function of the design parameter. In analysis of discontinuous parametric systems the definition of distributional derivatives was applied.