bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polonia ante el principio de confianza mutua en el Espacio de Libertad, Seguridad y Justicia de la UE
Authors: Bazylińska-Nagler Justyna 
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo, basado en la jurisprudencia reciente del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, del Tribunal de Derechos Humanos y de la literatura sobre el tema, se describe el principio de confianza mutua en relación con el nivel de protección de los derechos fundamentales, y en particular con el derecho a un juicio justo, en los Estados miembros. El principio de la confianza mutua como «piedra angular» de toda la cooperación judicial en el Espacio de Libertad, Seguridad y Justicia de la Unión Europea dimana de la convicción mutua de que el Estado de Derecho es el fundamento de la integración europea. Mientras tanto, el Tribunal de Justicia de la UE se ha ocupado recientemente de cinco casos relativos a la independencia del poder judicial polaco104. De ello se desprende que Polonia no respeta plenamente el principio de protección jurídica efectiva expresado en el párrafo 1 del artículo 19 del Tratado de Funcionamiento de la Unión Europea. Además, tampoco garantiza el derecho a un juicio justo según el artículo 47 de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la UE. Por consiguiente, se plantea la cuestión de los límites de la confianza mutua entre las autoridades judiciales de la UE cuando un Estado miembro no respeta las normas reconocidas por los demás. En el caso C-216/18 PPU, LM, el Tribunal se refirió por primera vez, mediante un fallo preliminar, a los cambios sistémicos en el sistema de justicia de Polonia que socavaban la confianza del tribunal irlandés que ejecutaba la orden de detención europea según las normas procesales polacas. Motivado por la jurisprudencia de Estrasburgo y las posiciones de los tribunales de los Estados miembros, el Tribunal aceptó la revisión judicial dispersa del respeto de los derechos fundamentales en los Estados miembros de la UE. Basándose en sus decisiones en los casos: C-411/10 y C-493/10 N.S. y C-404/15, Aranyosi y Căldăraru, el Tribunal en el caso del PPU, LM indicó los pasos a seguir por el tribunal de ejecución de la orden de detención europea en caso de dudas sobre la imparcialidad del juicio en el estado emisor. En los casos analizados a este respecto involucrando a Polonia, el Tribunal, por una parte, contrarrestó el riesgo deuna suspensión general de la confianza mutua en relación con uno de los miembros de la Unión Europea y, por otra parte, contrarrestó el riesgode normas diferentes de protección del derecho fundamental a un juicio justo. En conclusión, corresponde a los tribunales nacionales examinar con equidad si el tribunal del Estado miembro cuya decisión procesal les corresponde ejecutar ha llevado a cabo todos los actos exigidos de conformidad con la letra de la ley. La jurisprudencia en los casos polacos refuerza la convicción de esos tribunales nacionales de que la presunción de observancia del derecho a un juicio justo en Polonia es refutable, por lo que la confianza en las normas procesales polacas debe ser limitada.
Procedimientos colectivos en el Derecho Comparado latinoamericano: el caso de Chile y México
Authors: González Quintero Rodrigo , Sarmiento Lamus Andrés 
Published: March 2021

Este artículo explora el régimen jurídico de los procedimientos colectivos en el derecho comparado latinoamericano, en específico los de Chile y México. Para ese propósito hace un barrido de la doctrina especializada sobre dichos mecanismos procesales, la cual ha identificado sus fortalezas y problemas. Así mismo se explica el modelo de Estados Unidos, debido a que es la jurisdicción donde estos instrumentos surgieron bajo la denominación de class actions. Y al revisar los regímenes chileno y mexicano se concluye que éstos se enmarcan dentro de una tendencia existente en el derecho occidental, en cuanto limitar el alcance de tales instrumentos procesales.
Trascendiendo formulaciones trinitarias: hacia una teoría conceptual de los órganos constitucionales autónomos en la división de poderes en México
Authors: Rivera León Mauro Arturo 
Published: March 2021

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de la evolución de la división de poderes en el constitucionalismo mexicano hasta la consagración de los llamados «órganos constitucionales autónomos» (OCA). Se analiza el origen y concepto de los OCA y las imprecisiones definitorias del préstamo conceptual de la doctrina constitucional mexicana de los «órganos constitucionales » en la doctrina española. Finalmente, se propone una noción propia de los órganos constitucionales autónomos que caracterizándolos como administraciones independientes e instituciones no mayoritarias constitucionalizadas, ofrece lineamientos para su identificación.
Tecnologias para tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares
Authors: Gomes Ivanise , Silva Mônica Maria Pereira da , Gomes Rosilene Barros , Farias Fernando Luiz Barbosa , Araujo Elaine Cristina dos Santos , Barros Adrianne Teixeira 
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver e adaptar tecnologias de tratamento biológico aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares, de maneira a favorecer a implantação em domicílios e condomínios contemplando os princípios de sustentabilidade e tecnologia social. O trabalho foi dividido em cinco etapas: Contato com as famílias; Estruturação e montagem da área experimental; Desenvolvimento e adaptação de tecnologias para tratamento biológico aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos; Coleta dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos nas residências; Tratamentos dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos. Este tipo de resíduo apresenta altos valores de matéria orgânica e de umidade, além de organismos patógenos. Foram adotados dois modelos de tecnologia de tratamento: composteira de polietileno cilíndrica (CPC) e composteira de alumínio retangular (CAR). As tecnologias de tratamento apresentaram comportamento diferenciado em relação à diversidade de organismos e em relação aos parâmetros físicos e químicos, verificando-se que a configuração das composteiras tem influência sobre os mesmos. Ao considerar o tempo de estabilização, facilidade de operação, aplicação em pequena escala e a qualidade do composto final, o modelo CPC mostrou-se mais eficiente. Portanto, as tecnologias estudadas foram viáveis ao alcance dos objetivos esperados para o tratamento biológico aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares: estabilização e higienização da parcela orgânica com espaço de tempo médio inferior a 80 dias.
Mot de bienvenue adressé aux participants Colloque du GIRA 30 novembre 2018. Nous avions un rêve…
Authors: Couture Carol 
Published: March 2021

En ouverture du 8e Symposium du GIRA, on rappelle ici le contexte dans lequel a été créé le Groupe interdisciplinaire de recherche en archivistique. Au milieu des années 1980, l’auteur et deux de ses collègues, Jacques Ducharme et Jean-Yves Rousseau, avaient un rêve : développer davantage la recherche dans leur domaine d’activité. Ils étaient « … convaincus que l’archivistique ne saurait se développer véritablement sans des activités de recherche fondamentale et appliquée… [et voulaient donc] créer un milieu propice à la recherche ». C’est dans cet esprit qu’en 1987, ils ont mis sur pied le GIRA.
Préservation audiovisuelle et histoire culturelle du cinéma : quels dialogues sont possibles ?
Authors: Besson Rémy 
Published: March 2021

L’hypothèse explorée dans cet article est que, depuis une dizaine d’années, les historien(ne)s francophones travaillant sur les images animées ont changé leur rapport aux archives. Ils seraient passés d’un rapport à un objet (les archives du cinéma) à un rapport à un ensemble de pratiques (les recherches portant sur les archives du cinéma). Dit autrement, nous nous penchons sur le passage, dans la recherche, d’un questionnement centré sur les rapports des historien(ne)s qui étudient le cinéma avec les archives à un questionnement centré sur les rapports qu’entretiennent les historien(ne)s qui étudient le cinéma avec les chercheurs qui étudient les archives.
Le projet 1142 : mise en place de nouveaux espaces numériques de travail à l’Université de Montréal1
Authors: Bourhis Taïk 
Published: March 2021

C’est avec le slogan « Votre espace numérique de travail passe à une nouvelle ère ! » que le projet 1142 intitulé « Service de répertoire individuel et de partage de fichiers » de l’Université de Montréal (UdeM) a été lancé officiellement le 4 avril 2017. Instauré par les Technologies de l’information (TI) et réalisé en collaboration avec la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives (DGDA) de l’UdeM, il vise un double objectif : d’une part, offrir de nouveaux espaces numériques de travail conviviaux et performants au personnel (l’espace unité DocUM et l’espace utilisateur OneDrive Entreprise) et d’autre part, structurer l’espace unité DocUM afin d’en faciliter la gestion au moyen du Système officiel de classification (SOC). Cet article présente les différentes étapes de réalisation de ce projet ainsi que les nombreux défis qui ont dû être relevés pour apporter des solutions aux problèmes liés à la gestion des données non structurées de l’UdeM.
The effects of parental age difference on the offspring sex and fitness of European blackbirds
Authors: Cholewa Marta , Jankowiak Łukasz , Szenejko Magdalena , Dybus Andrzej , Śmietana Przemysław , Wysocki Dariusz 
Published: March 2021

Background
Many studies of birds have indicated that offspring sex ratios can vary with environmental and parental traits. On the basis of long-term research, we first evaluated the possible influence of parental age difference and brood characteristics on offspring sex and fitness in multi-brooded Blackbirds Turdus merula.

Methodology
The study was conducted in the city-centre Stefan Żeromski Park in Szczecin, NW Poland, where the local population of Blackbirds has been studied since 1996. Data on the offspring sex and fitness were collected in five years, 2005–2007 and 2016–2017. During the breeding season we inspected the study area to locate the pairs’ territories and to track their nests and clutches.

Results
We found that the overall sex ratio did not differ statistically from 50:50, but that younger females bonded with older mates did tend to produce more sons, probably because of the greater fitness of male descendants. Accordingly, the sons’ breeding success increased with the father’s age, but this relationship was close to non-linear, which may indicate that the transgenerational effect of paternal senescence could negatively affect progeny fitness despite the high-quality of older fathers. Older females mated with younger males produced more daughters, which could have been due to the lesser attractiveness of the males and the mothers’ poorer condition caused by accelerated senescence. We found that neither offspring hatching sequence nor hatching date or clutch sequence were significant for sex determination.

Conclusions
We consider that in our Blackbird population, parental age could make a more significant contribution to shaping offspring sex and reproductive success.
Immunoinformatic approach to design a multiepitope vaccine targeting non-mutational hotspot regions of structural and non-structural proteins of the SARS CoV2
Authors: Solanki Vandana , Tiwari Monalisa , Tiwari Vishvanath 
Published: March 2021

Background
The rapid Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV2) outbreak caused severe pandemic infection worldwide. The high mortality and morbidity rate of SARS CoV2 is due to the unavailability of vaccination and mutation in this virus. The present article aims to design a potential vaccine construct VTC3 targeting the non-mutational region of structural and non-structural proteins of SARS CoV2.

Methods
In this study, vaccines were designed using subtractive proteomics and reverse vaccinology. To target the virus adhesion and evasion, 10 different structural and non-structural proteins have been selected. Shortlisted proteins have been screened for B cell, T cell and IFN gamma interacting epitopes. 3D structure of vaccine construct was modeled and evaluated for its physicochemical properties, immunogenicity, allergenicity, toxicity and antigenicity. The finalized construct was implemented for docking and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) with different toll-like receptors (TLRs) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA). The binding energy and dissociation construct of the vaccine with HLA and TLR was also calculated. Mutational sensitivity profiling of the designed vaccine was performed, and mutations were reconfirmed from the experimental database. Antibody production, clonal selection, antigen processing, immune response and memory generation in host cells after injection of the vaccine was also monitored using immune simulation.

Results
Subtractive proteomics identified seven (structural and non-structural) proteins of this virus that have a role in cell adhesion and infection. The different epitopes were predicted, and only extracellular epitopes were selected that do not have similarity and cross-reactivity with the host cell. Finalized epitopes of all proteins with minimum allergenicity and toxicity were joined using linkers to designed different vaccine constructs. Docking different constructs with different TLRs and HLA demonstrated a stable and reliable binding affinity of VTC3 with the TLRs and HLAs. MDS analysis further confirms the interaction of VTC3 with HLA and TLR1/2 complex. The VTC3 has a favorable binding affinity and dissociation constant with HLA and TLR. The VTC3 does not have similarities with the human microbiome, and most of the interacting residues of VTC3 do not have mutations. The immune simulation result showed that VTC3 induces a strong immune response. The present study designs a multiepitope vaccine targeting the non-mutational region of structural and non-structural proteins of the SARS CoV2 using an immunoinformatic approach, which needs to be experimentally validated.
Test for Aggregational Gaussianity (AG) in Petroleum Prices Returns
Authors: Archibong M. E. , Essi I. D. 
Published: March 2021

The work aims at investigating and establishing if Aggregational Gaussianity, (AG) is in the dynamics of petroleum prices. This AG aspect is the phenomenon in which the empirical distribution of log-returns tends to normality (or as the time scale over which the returns are calculated increases). In order to achieve this, the petroleum price series was tested for arch effects. In addition, tests for Aggregational Gaussianity, (AG) were carried out using qualitative (graphical) approach and inferential approach, (involving statistical inference). The study shows that the presence of arch effects does not guarantee existence of AG. It is also observed that qualitative (graphical) approach may suggest normality and hence, presence of AG, on the other hand, inferential approach (involving statistical tests) gives a better picture of the actual conclusion, of the presence (or otherwise) of AG in the data set, with a 99.97% rejection from normality by the three tests-Kolmogorov-simonorv,Shapiro-Wilks, and Anderson-darling. In the circumstance, there is no evidence to confirm a discernible presence of AG in the dynamics of petroleum prices. The non-existence of AG in the study shows the instability in the dynamics of petroleum prices, since one cannot invoke normality as an invariant property this, among other factors, make the economy unstable as it is oil- driven. However, since the highest percentage of the budget for the country is based on the petroleum sales, which as this study reveals is unstable, hence, diversification of the economy is proposed. The softwares used in the work are Eviews 10, Minitab 18, Spss 17, Easy-fit 5.6 professional, and R 3.2.2.
Long Radial Sheath for Angiography of Femoral Artery Large Sheath Access Site with Vascular Closure Devices
Authors: Onizuka Takeshi , Raveendran Ganesh , Panetta Carmelo J. 
Published: March 2021

Radial access combined with hemodynamic support has the limitation of not allowing adequate angiography or delivery of peripheral balloons for managing the femoral access site after removal of the large femoral sheath. We present a case series with use of a novel long 6 French guiding sheath via left radial artery access for angiography of the femoral access site after removal of a large sheath for left ventricular assist device with vascular closure devices.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Diffusion and Perfusion in Assessment of Patients with Cerebral Infarction
Authors: El-Mestekawy Mervat Samy , Hamisa Manal Fathy , El-Shamy Ahmed Mohamed , Radwan Samah Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

Background: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging is most useful for detecting irreversibly infarcted tissue, perfusion-weighted imaging may be used to identify areas of reversible ischemia as well. This work highlights the role of MR imaging in acute ischemic infarction evaluation, with particular emphasis on the importance of diffusion and perfusion MR imaging for evaluating the penumbra.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 30 patients who were suspected to have a cerebral infarction. All patients underwent functional MRI.
Results: 25 patients (83.3%) were isointense in T1 and only 5 patients (16.6%) were low intense, in T2 there was 25 patients (83.3%) were high intense and only 5 patients (16.6%) were isointense .in FLAIR there was 24 patients (80%) were high intense and only 6 patients (20%) were isointense. In DW1 all the cases show high signal also in ADC all the cases show low signal. As regards to Ischemic area: the mean rCBV (relative cerebral blood volume) in the core was 0.33±0.30 cc while in the peripheral area was 1.24±1.35 cc. There was a highly significant difference between CT and MRI in diagnosis of acute stroke with P= 0.001.
Conclusion: Only depending on a single or a few parameters may not be sufficient, instead comprehensively combining the information from each MRI sequence (i.e., DWI, FLAIR and PWI) and using various mismatch parameters (DWI-FLAIR mismatch and/or PWI-DWI mismatch) may be more helpful in establishing an indication of MRI-based thrombolysis.
mRNA Formation: 3′‐End
Authors: Wahle Elmar , Kühn Uwe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Eukaryotic mRNAs are derived from precursors synthesised by RNA polymerase II. For 3′‐end formation, precursors are cleaved by an endonuclease, and a poly(A) tail is added. This processing reaction depends on signals in the pre‐mRNA, among them the ‘polyadenylation signal’ AAUAAA. Cleavage and polyadenylation are carried out by a multiprotein complex comprising, in yeast, a minimum of 13 polypeptides, many of which recognise RNA sequence motifs around the polyadenylation site. 3′‐end processing is coupled to transcription. Alternative polyadenylation, that is cleavage and polyadenylation of a precursor RNA at any of several sites, is widespread. The choice of polyadenylation site can affect the coding sequence or, more often, 3′‐UTR length. In the latter case, stability, translational efficiency or localisation of the RNA may be affected. Histone mRNAs are an exception: Their precursors are cleaved by a partially different set of factors, and no poly(A) tail is added.

Key Concepts

The 3′‐ends of eukaryotic mRNAs are generated by processing of the primary transcript, not by transcription termination.

3′‐end processing is essential for the production of mRNAs.

3′‐end processing takes place in the cell nucleus and consists of cleavage of the primary transcript followed by addition of a poly(A) tail to the upstream cleavage product.

The machinery for 3′‐end processing is complex, comprising at least 13 polypeptides.

3′‐end processing occurs cotranscriptionally and is coupled to transcription and splicing.

Alternative polyadenylation, that is the choice of different sites for cleavage and polyadenylation, can change the protein sequence encoded by the resulting mRNAs and/or mRNA regulation.

Histone mRNAs in metazoans are the only known RNAs that are not polyadenylated; their 3′‐ends are generated by a simple cleavage reaction.
Maridesulfovibrio
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Ma.ri.de.sul.fo.vi'brio. L. neut. n.
mare
, the sea; N.L. masc. n.
Desulfovibrio
, a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n.
Maridesulfovibrio
, a
Desulfovibrio
‐like bacterium from the sea.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfovibrionaceae / Maridesulfovibrio

Cells are vibrio to rod shaped, 0.5–1.0 × 1.0–5.5 μm. Occur singly, in pairs, or in chains. Spore formation is not observed. Stain Gram‐negative. Cells are motile by a single polar flagellum. Strictly anaerobic, having both respiratory and fermentative types of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs, using lactate, pyruvate, and often ethanol as electron donors and carbon sources; organic compounds are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Some species can also use fumarate, succinate, malate, choline, fructose, glycerol, and alanine. Propanol and butanol are only oxidized to their corresponding carboxylic acids. H
2
can serve as an electron donor in the presence of acetate as an organic carbon source (chemolithoheterotrophic growth). Growth on formate also requires acetate as a carbon source. Sulfate, sulfite, and often thiosulfate serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to sulfide. Some species use sulfur and fumarate. Reduction of ferric iron is not coupled to growth. In the absence of an external electron acceptor, growth occurs by fermentation of lactate, pyruvate, fumarate (some species), and malate (some species). Desulfoviridin is present. Mesophilic, the optimum temperature for growth is 20–40°C. Neutrophilic (most species) and slightly acidotolerant (one species), the optimum pH for growth is 5.8–7.8. Media containing a reductant are required for growth. Occurs in anoxic sediment of brackish water and marine habitats.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 42.3–47.7 (LC, genome).

Type species
:
Maridesulfovibrio salexigens
Waite et al. 2020
VP
(basonym:
Desulfovibrio salexigens
Postgate and Campbell 1966
AL
).
Planosporangium
Authors: Thawai Chitti 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Pla.no.spo.ran'gi.um. Gr. masc. n.
planes
a wanderer; N.L. neut. n.
sporangium
sporangium, spore case; N.L. neut. n.
Planosporangium
wandering sporangium, referring to the production of sporangia with motile spores.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Micromonosporales / Micromonosporaceae / Planosporangium

The genus
Planosporangium
is a group of Gram‐stain‐positive, aerobic, and non‐acid‐fast actinomycetes that belong to the family
Micromonosporaceae
. The finger‐shaped sporangia with motile spores and globose bodies produced directly on the substrate mycelia are the dominant morphological characteristics of this genus. Aerial mycelia are usually detected in the older cultures. The taxonomic affiliation at genus level could be confirmed by its chemotaxonomic characteristic, that is, the presence of
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid and glycine incorporated in the peptidoglycan; a variety of MK‐9 and MK‐10 are the major menaquinones; iso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
16:0
, and anteiso‐C
17:0
are the predominant fatty acids in cells with some minor fatty acid components, anteiso‐C
15:0
, and C
17:1
ω8
c
; phosphatidylethanolamine is the characteristic phospholipid in the membrane. Most members contain arabinose and xylose as diagnostic sugars, but the remaining member comprises galactose, glucose, mannose, and ribose in cell hydrolysates. Similar to other mesophilic actinomycetes,
Planosporangium
species are able to grow at pH 5–9 and 20–45°C. Tolerates 2–3% NaCl in the culture medium. Known habitats are soils.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 71.4–72.0 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Planosporangium flavigriseum
Wiese et al. 2008
VP
.