bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Metrics Framework to Facilitate Integration of Disaggregated Software Development
Authors: Cook Stephen C , Samalam Ashok , Unewisse Mark H 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContemporary defence information system developments are moving towards utilising Continuous Iterative Development (CID) employing cloud native software development approaches involving many contractors delivering various components. The key questions for capability managers not familiar with CID developments revolve around knowing how well the development is progressing and understanding how well the constituent systems to be delivered will integrate as time goes by. The authors were tasked to produce a metrics framework to address these questions and the resulting new construction is presented along with the key metrics and integration matrices. The paper concludes that the matrices will readily identify integration issues very early in the program because their instantiation will necessitate the evaluation of all nominated services between the constituent systems.
Organizational Redesign Through Digital Transformation: A Case Study in the Life Science Industry
Authors: Craig Timothy K , Zhao YangYang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the process of developing novel drugs to treat diseases, including COVID‐19, companies consistently face challenges of budget and schedule overruns. Most R&D contractors involved have their own execution model in handling systems complexity, however a traditional way of executing the projects may not be sustainable for the growth and competitiveness. The case study discussed is a life‐science company performing structure‐based drug design research services. The shift of organizational execution model is enabled by the digital assistance and associated with the recent organizational structure change from hierarchy‐based to matrix‐based. We focus on the redesign of working process in organizational execution, which is the key determinant for project productivity and quality. However, there is no official international standard regarding organizational interface management. Using human‐centered design and systems engineering methodology as well as the best practices from the case study, this study presents an approach to enable a digital transformation of such an organizational redesign with improved performance.
Architecture Analysis Methods
Authors: Kumar Anand , Anand Edwin , Natarajan Swaminathan , Dandekar Aniruddha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArchitecture as a discipline is gaining prominence in dealing with the size, sophistication, and complexity of human‐made entities. Organizations evaluate architectures to determine: fitness for purpose; presence or absence of characteristics; satisfaction of requirements; goodness, completeness, and consistency; effectiveness and suitability; coping with change; stakeholder concerns are addressed adequately and so on. Organizations find it difficult to evaluate architectures as there are few publicly known architecture analysis methods, most of the methods are proprietary, architecture descriptions use different terminologies, architecture/system characteristics are wide and varying in nature and there is considerable manual skill and effort involved. In this paper, a few architecture analysis methods that can be codified and used to evaluate a wide variety of architectures across different domains are presented. Further, the efficacy of these analysis methods is illustrated with appropriate examples.
MBSE Enabled Trade‐Off Analyses
Authors: Parnell Gregory S. , Shallcross Nicolas , Specking Eric , Phillips Matthew 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the potential to use Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) tools to perform trade‐off analysis of alternative systems decisions in the system life cycle from the concept stage to the retirement stage. Specially, we searched for integrated models that automate the simultaneous evaluation of the performance, effectiveness, stakeholder value, and cost of multiple alternative system designs. We used the Web of Science to perform a literature search to identify published papers that describe the use of MBSE tools to support automated analysis of alternatives and trade‐off analyses. We found very few papers that claimed to use MBSE to provide analysis of design alternatives or tradespace exploration. Based on the literature search insights, we identify and describe the required and desired capabilities to perform automated trade‐off analyses of performance, effectiveness, stakeholder value, and cost for multiple system design alternatives using integrated models.
Identifying misconceptions about oral radiology and medicine among dental students
Authors: Bezerra Hélen Kaline Farias , Passos Kamilla Karla Maurício , Leonel Augusto César Leal da Silva , Carvalho Elaine Judite de Amorim , Nascimento Eduarda Helena Leandro do , Ramos‐Perez Flávia Maria de Moraes , Perez Danyel Elias da Cruz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurpose/objectivesMisconceptions are learning deficiencies that can lead to inappropriate clinical decision‐making in dental practice. Although misconceptions are common among students, they are rarely analyzed in dental education. Thus, this study aimed to identify and analyze students’ misconceptions about oral radiology and medicine at a Brazilian dental school.MethodsBetween October 2019 and March 2020, a self‐administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to dental students at the Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil, which comprised multiple‐choice questions about oral radiology and medicine. The questions were divided into two groups: 10 knowledge‐based questions (less demand for reasoning) and five scenario‐based questions (higher demand for reasoning). The students' responses were assessed for correctness (correct or incorrect) and confidence (sure or unsure), while misconceptions were identified when a student was sure of an incorrect response. Pearson's chi‐square test was used to analyze the variables (α = 0.05).ResultsA total of 1380 responses were collected. Misconceptions represented 24.3% (n = 336) of the total responses and 56.8% of the incorrect responses. The mean misconceptions per student were 3.7 (range, 0–8). Students who chose incorrect answers tended to have higher confidence levels (p < 0.001). Moreover, misconceptions were more frequent for scenario‐based questions (25.7%) than for knowledge‐based questions (23.7%) (p = 0.000).ConclusionA large number of misconceptions existed among participants. Our findings will aid educators and students in identifying misconceptions and planning measures to prevent and correct them.
Adhesions as a risk factor for postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing repeat hepatectomy and the potential efficacy of adhesion barriers
Authors: Okubo Satoshi , Shindoh Junichi , Kobayashi Yuta , Matsumura Masaru , Hashimoto Masaji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe actual efficacy of use of adhesion barriers during liver surgery remains to be fully understood.MethodsWe conducted an extensive review of clinical data and operation videos of 210 patients who underwent repeat hepatectomy to clarify the factors associated with the degree of adhesion as evaluated by the TORAD score.ResultsAdhesion barriers were placed in 131 patients (Seprafilm® [n = 77], Adspray® [n = 32], and Interceed® [n = 22)]), but not in the remaining 79 patients during the previous surgery. Multivariate analysis identified a high adhesion severity score at relaparotomy as being associated with an increased risk of postoperative global morbidity (odds ratio [OR], 1.75 per +1 point, P < .001) and major morbidity (OR, 1.88 per +1 point; P < .001), and use of an adhesion barrier at the previous surgery as being an independent predictor of a low adhesion severity score (OR, 0.21; P < .001). Use of adhesion barriers showed tendency toward lower adhesion severity scores at relaparotomy as compared to the control group, irrespective of the type of adhesion barrier used.ConclusionA high degree of adhesion formation was directly associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity after relaparotomy, and use of adhesion barriers appears to reduce the extent of adhesion.
“That future age of which we can only dream”: Exploring the origins of the climate crisis in the Story of Progress
Authors: Smith Michael B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe principal source of the ecological ruptures planet Earth is currently experiencing—the unfolding climate emergency above all—is a story a small subset of humans have been telling themselves and living according to the precepts for about 300 years. Slowly and often reluctantly the number of adherents to this story has grown until there are few places on the planet where the story does not hold at least partial sway. Over the past 300 years, the Story of Progress has evolved from a possibility to an article of faith. Examining the history of the Story of Progress makes visible the degree to which the idea of Progress has become woven into language itself, making it difficult to articulate other possibilities—and, therefore, difficult to escape the story that has produced a catastrophic climate crisis.
Left bundle branch pacing: An evolving site for physiological pacing
Authors: Mulia Eka P. B. , Amadis Muhammad R. , Julario Rerdin , Dharmadjati Budi B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor patients with symptomatic bradyarrhythmia, cardiac pacing is the only appropriate treatment option. Electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony caused by traditional right ventricular apical pacing leads to left ventricular dysfunction and atrial arrhythmias. Physiological pacing stimulates natural cardiac conduction, resulting in synchronized ventricular contraction. Even if His bundle pacing (HBP) is an ideal physiological pacing modality, it is technically not always feasible because of high capture thresholds, disease in the distal His bundle, and follow‐up troubleshooting issues. Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has been proposed as a viable alternative to HBP since it provides lead stability, a low and stable pacing threshold, and correction of distal conduction system disease.
A meta‐analysis integrating 20 years of workplace incivility research: Antecedents, consequences, and boundary conditions
Authors: Han Soojung , Harold Crystal M. , Oh In‐Sue , Kim Joseph K. , Agolli Anastasiia 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIn this study, we propose and examine an integrative framework to investigate factors contributing to the experience of workplace incivility (including victim demography, dispositional individual differences, and environmental factors); the affective, health‐related, social exchange‐based, and behavioral outcomes associated with experienced incivility; and boundary conditions for their relationships. To this end, we conduct a comprehensive meta‐analysis on the antecedents and consequences of experienced workplace incivility based on 253 statistically independent samples from 219 primary studies and examine several moderators such as differences in time‐related research design (cross‐sectional vs. time‐lagged), incivility instigator source, and occupation. Further, by integrating meta‐analytic effect sizes from the current study with effect sizes from existing meta‐analyses, we also investigate the extent to which the impact of experienced incivility on outcomes differs from that of higher intensity forms of workplace mistreatment inclusive of bullying, abusive supervision, and sexual harassment, thereby enhancing understanding regarding the nomological net of experienced incivility in comparison with more intense forms of workplace mistreatment. We discuss the implications of these findings along with study limitations and future directions for incivility scholarship.
Impact of solar geoengineering on temperatures over the Indonesian Maritime Continent
Authors: Kuswanto Heri , Kravitz Ben , Miftahurrohmah Brina , Fauzi Fatkhurokhman , Sopahaluwaken Ardhasena , Moore John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClimate change has been projected to increase the intensity and magnitude of extreme temperature in Indonesia. Solar radiation management (SRM) has been proposed as a strategy to temporarily combat global warming, buying time for negative emissions. Although the global impacts of SRM have been extensively studied in recent years, regional impacts, especially in the tropics, have received much less attention. This article investigates the potential stratospheric sulphate aerosol injection (SAI) to modify mean and extreme temperature, as well as the relative humidity and wet bulb temperature (WBT) change over Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) based on simulations from three different earth system models. We applied a simple downscaling method and corrected the bias of model output to reproduce historical temperatures and relative humidity over IMC. We evaluated changes in geoengineering model intercomparison project (GeoMIP) experiment G4, an SAI experiment in 5 Tg of SO2 into the equatorial lower stratosphere between 2020 and 2069, concurrent with the RCP4.5 emissions scenario. G4 is able to significantly reduce the temperature means and extremes, and although differences in magnitude of response and spatial pattern occur, there is a generally consistent response. The spatial response of changes forced by RCP4.5 scenario and G4 are notably heterogeneous in the archipelago, highlighting uncertainties that would be critical in assessing socio‐economic consequences of both doing, and not doing G4. In general, SAI has bigger impacts in reducing temperatures over land than oceans, and the southern monsoon region shows more variability. G4 is also effective at reducing the likelihood of WBT > 27°C events compared with RCP4.5 after some years of SAI deployment as well as during the post‐termination period of SAI. Regional downscaling may be an effective tool in obtaining policy‐relevant information about local effects of different future scenarios involving SAI.
The glottic–subglottic laryngectomy: Surgical technique, oncological, and functional outcomes
Authors: Bertolin Andy , Lionello Marco , Baldovin Maria , Ghirardo Guido , Rizzotto Giuseppe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this article was to describe the surgical technique and report the oncological and functional outcomes of the partial glottic‐subglottic laryngectomy (GSL).MethodsA retrospective review of the clinical charts of patients who underwent GSL for laryngeal cancer from 1989 to 2020 at the Otolaryngology Unit of the Vittorio Veneto Hospital, a referral center for laryngeal cancer treatment.ResultsThe present article considered 36 patients who were submitted to GSL for laryngeal cancer. The pathological exam found squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 16 cases, adenoid‐cystic carcinoma (ACC) in 9 cases, laryngeal chondrosarcoma in 8 cases, 1 giant cell carcinoma, 1 carcinosarcoma, and 1 metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma. Considering the 16 SCC cases we observed a recurrence rate of 31%, the overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were 75%. The 9 ACC cases had a recurrence rate of 23% and OS/DSS of 88%. In the 8 chondrosarcomas no relapses were reported and the OS/DSS were 100%. Among the patients without recurrence of the disease, a definitive decannulation was achieved in 21 cases (75%).ConclusionsThe GSL represents a valid alternative to total laryngectomy in selected cases of laryngeal cancer involving the glottic and subglottic regions.
Single‐crystal ordered macroporous metal‐organic framework as support for molecularly imprinted polymers and their integration in membrane formant for the specific recognition of zearalenone
Authors: Wang Yulin , Qiu Xiuzhen , Wang Fuyu , Li Yangyang , Guo Huishi , Nie Libo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractZearalenone is a fungal contaminant that is widely present in grains. Here, a novel molecularly imprinted membrane based on SOM‐ZIF‐8 was developed for the rapid and highly selective identification of zearalenone in grain samples. The molecularly imprinted membrane was prepared using polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclododecyl 2,4‐dihydroxybenzoate as a template and SOM‐ZIF‐8 as a carrier. The factors influencing the extraction of zearalenone using this membrane, including the solution pH, extraction time, elution solvent, elution time, and elution volume, were studied in detail. The optimized conditions were 5 mL of sample solution at pH 6, extraction time of 45 min, 4 mL of acetonitrile:methanol = 9:1 as elution solvent, and elution time of 20 min. This method displayed a good linear range of 12‐120 ng/g (R2 = 0.998) with the limits of detection and quantification of this method are 1.7 and 5.5 ng/g, respectively. In addition, the membrane was used to selectively identify zearalenone in grain samples with percent recoveries ranging from 87.9 to 101.0% and relative standard deviation of less than 6.6%. Overall, this study presents a simple and effective chromatographic pretreatment method for detecting zearalenone in food samples.
Knowledge quality and non‐financial performance—A Malaysian experience
Authors: Abdollahbeigi Bentolhoda , Salehi Farhang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a framework that investigates the impact of knowledge quality on innovation in Malaysian manufacturing firms. It explores the effect of innovation on non‐financial performance (learning and growth; internal processes) of Malaysian manufacturing companies. Three hundred eighty‐eight questionnaires were collected from middle and top engineers, managers, and technicians and were used to conduct the analyses. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is used for testing the developed hypotheses. The result of analyses confirmed the impact of determinants (absorptive capacity, functional diversity, and knowledge network) on knowledge quality. This study also confirmed that knowledge quality has a significant impact on innovation, while innovation has a significant effect on non‐financial performance. This paper also revealed that knowledge quality determinants have a significant influence on the non‐financial performance of manufacturing firms in Malaysia. The present study examined the relationship between these factors (related to internal and external knowledge), knowledge quality, innovation, and non‐financial performance (internal process and learning and growth) in the manufacturing companies of Malaysia.
Structure Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Antimicrobial Properties of Polyurethane Composite Nanofibers Containing Tannic Acid and Boron‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kim Young Nam , Jo Jun Young , Kim Yebom , Ha Yu‐Mi , Han Haksoo , Lee Doh C. , Kim Jaewoo , Jung Yong Chae 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA polyurethane (PU) composite nanofiber with superior flame retardancy and antimicrobial property is developed through the simultaneous incorporation of boron‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and tannic acid (TA), resulting in excellent thermal, mechanical, and eco‐friendly flame‐retardant properties. The tensile strength and peak heat‐release rate of the composite nanofiber increase with increasing filler content, with the optimal performance (7.38 ± 1.04 MPa and 254 W g−1) being achieved at 3 wt% filler. Using a series of analytical techniques, it is demonstrated that the nanostructure of the neat PU completely collapses upon heating, transforming into a film‐like structure; in contrast, a higher loading of nanofiller leads to a higher heat‐shielding capability, thereby facilitating preservation of the composite nanofiber structure. Finally, the antibacterial activity is shown to increase as a result of the synergic effect of the boron‐doped CNTs and TA.
Coding and Noncoding Variation in LRRK2 and Parkinson's Disease Risk
Authors: Lake Julie , Reed Xylena , Langston Rebekah G. , Nalls Mike A. , Gan‐Or Ziv , Cookson Mark R. , Singleton Andrew B. , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Leonard Hampton L. ,   International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC)
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene harbors both rare highly damaging missense variants (eg, p.G2019S) and common noncoding variants (eg, rs76904798) with lower effect sizes that are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate in a large meta‐analysis whether the LRRK2 Genome‐Wide Association Study (GWAS) signal represented by rs76904798 is independently associated with PD risk from LRRK2 coding variation and whether complex linkage disequilibrium structures with p.G2019S and the 5′ noncoding haplotype account for the association of LRRK2 coding variants.MethodsWe performed a meta‐analysis using imputed genotypes from 17,838 patients, 13,404 proxy patients, and 173,639 healthy controls of European ancestry. We excluded carriers of p.G2019S and/or rs76904798 to clarify the role of LRRK2 coding variation in mediating disease risk and excluded carriers of relatively rare LRRK2 coding variants to assess the independence of rs76904798. We also investigated the co‐inheritance of LRRK2 coding variants with p.G2019S, rs76904798, and p.N2081D.ResultsLRRK2 rs76904798 remained significantly associated with PD after excluding the carriers of relatively rare LRRK2 coding variants. LRRK2 p.R1514Q and p.N2081D were frequently co‐inherited with rs76904798, and the allele distribution of p.S1647T significantly changed among patients after removing rs76904798 carriers.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the LRRK2 coding variants previously related to PD (p.N551K, p.R1398H, p.M1646T, and p.N2081D) do not drive the 5′ noncoding GWAS signal. These data, however, do not preclude the independent association of the haplotype p.N551K‐p.R1398H and p.M1646T with altered disease risk. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Residual stress variation and deformation of shot peened glass fiber reinforced composites/aluminum–lithium laminates under thermal shock and thermal fatigue
Authors: Xiang Junxian , Li Huaguan , Wang Hao , Li Hongli , Chen Xi , Tao Jie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to reveal the deformation mechanism of glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRP)/aluminum–lithium (Al–Li) laminates under thermal shock or fatigue and verify reliability of shot peen forming for the composites. In this study, residual stresses in laminate after shot peening was analyzed using finite element model, and the simulation results were verified by experiments. It was found that the shot peened laminates, compared with pure metal panel, similarly exhibited compressive stress at the two external metal surfaces and tensile stress in GFRP layer. The residual stresses changed discontinuously at the metal/fiber and 0°/90° fiber interface owing to the different modulus. Moreover, stresses generated during curing process significantly affected the final deformation after shot peening. Residual stresses altered in each layer with the increase of temperature from 0 to 100°C, which caused the arc height of the laminate decreased. However, the arc height increased to initial dimensions when the temperature dropped to 0°C. Thermal shock process was proved that it hardly influenced the sample geometry. The stress relaxation behaviors were found in long‐term thermal fatigue. 1100 cycles from −55 to 100°C, which lasted 4 h in every cycle, resulted in 5% decrease of the arc height. The deformation problem should be further concentrated on for components made of GFRP/Al–Li laminates and processed by shot peen forming technology.