bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overlap between irritable bowel syndrome and hypermobileEhlers–Danlossyndrome: An unexplored clinical phenotype?
Authors: Choudhary Anisa , Fikree Asma , Aziz Qasim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common, but its cause remains unknown. IBS patients present with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as abdominal pain with altered bowel habits; however, some patients also have non‐GI symptoms including muscle and joint pains. It is thus plausible that within large IBS cohorts, subgroups exist with distinct clinical phenotypes. Yet, these subgroups have not been clearly identified or characterized. Due to lack of segmentation, treatment‐focused symptomatic management is similar for all with IBS and follows indiscriminate algorithms regardless of possible differing clinical phenotype. This universal approach to IBS management may account for the reported lack of efficacy of treatment. One emerging subgroup receiving increasing attention is that with overlap IBS and the underlying heritable connective tissue disorder, hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS). Current evidence suggests that up to 62% of patients with hEDS suffer from IBS. However, despite recognition of the presence of IBS in hEDS, this overlap IBS/hEDS group has not been characterized and these patients are managed in a similar way to those with IBS alone. Future studies are required to characterize and deep phenotype in this overlap IBS/hEDS group.
The power of patient‐led global collaboration
Authors: Bloom Lara , Schubart Jane , Bascom Rebecca , Hakim Alan , Francomano Clair A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn late 2017, the global nonprofit, The Ehlers‐Danlos Society (TEDS), was awarded a “Pipeline to Proposal” Tier A award from the Patient‐Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). The goal of this application was to form a team of patients, researchers, other community support groups and stakeholders who are focused on establishing the Ehlers‐Danlos Comorbidity Coalition to address the common health issues associated with this group of high morbidity, high disease burden conditions. The ongoing Coalition that is now funded by individual donors and expanding in its mission and members, is an example of successful collaboration spanning over borders and priorities.
Optimal Surgical Extent for Memory and Seizure Outcome in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Sone Daichi , Ahmad Maria , Thompson Pamela J. , Baxendale Sallie , Vos Sjoerd B. , Xiao Fenglai , de Tisi Jane , McEvoy Andrew W. , Miserocchi Anna , Duncan John S. , Koepp Matthias J. , Galovic Marian 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivePostoperative memory decline is an important consequence of anterior temporal lobe resection (ATLR) for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and the extent of resection may be a modifiable factor. This study aimed to define optimal resection margins for cognitive outcome while maintaining a high rate of postoperative seizure freedom.MethodsThis cohort study evaluated the resection extent on postoperative structural MRI using automated voxel‐based methods and manual measurements in 142 consecutive patients with unilateral drug refractory TLE (74 left, 68 right TLE) who underwent standard ATLR.ResultsVoxel‐wise analyses revealed that postsurgical verbal memory decline correlated with resections of the posterior hippocampus and inferior temporal gyrus, whereas larger resections of the fusiform gyrus were associated with worsening of visual memory in left TLE. Limiting the posterior extent of left hippocampal resection to 55% reduced the odds of significant postoperative verbal memory decline by a factor of 8.1 (95% CI 1.5–44.4, p = 0.02). Seizure freedom was not related to posterior resection extent, but to the piriform cortex removal after left ATLR. In right TLE, variability of the posterior extent of resection was not associated with verbal and visual memory decline or seizures after surgery.InterpretationThe extent of surgical resection is an independent and modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and seizures after left ATLR. Adapting the posterior extent of left ATLR might optimize postoperative outcome, with reduced risk of memory impairment while maintaining comparable seizure‐freedom rates. The current, more lenient, approach might be appropriate for right ATLR. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:131–144
Identification of a prognostic immune‐related signature for small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xie Qi , Chu Huili , Yi Jian , Yu Hui , Gu Tiantian , Guan Yaping , Liu Xiaolin , Liang Jing , Li Yan , Wang Jun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeAs a subgroup of lung cancer, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a short tumor doubling time, high rates of early occurred distant cancer spread, and poor outcomes. Despite its exquisite sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, acquired drug resistance and tumor progression are typical. This study aimed to develop a robust signature based on immune‐related genes to predict the outcome of patients with SCLC.MethodsThe expression data of 77 SCLC patients from George's cohort were divided into training set and testing set, and 1534 immune‐related genes from ImmPort database were used to generate and validate the signature. Cox proportional hazards and the Kaplan–Meier analysis were used for developing and testing the prognostic signature. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis was used to determine immune cell infiltration phenotypes.ResultsA 10‐gene model comprising NR3C1, NR1D2, TANK, ARAF, HDGF, INHBE, LRSAM1, PLXNA1, PML, and SP1 with the highest frequency after 1000 interactions, was chosen to construct immune‐related signature. This signature showed robust predictive value for SCLC patients’ survival in both training and testing sets. This signature was weakly associated with the clinic pathological values like TNM stage. Furthermore, patients with low risk presented with activation of immune signal pathways, and specific immune cell infiltration with high levels of CD56bright NK cells but low levels of CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and helper T cells.ConclusionThe present study developed immune‐related signature that may help predict the prognosis of SCLC patients, which reflects an unappreciated level of heterogeneity of immunophenotype associated with diverse prognosis for specific subsets in this highly lethal cancer type.
Intraoral transnasal approach for surgical extraction of bilateral deeply impacted mesiodens: A case report
Authors: Sharifi Reza , Shafiei Shervin , Moslemi Hamidreza , Mohammadi khah Meysam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe describe a novel modified intranasal approach to minimize the complications of the impacted mesiodens surgical extraction. Also, it can be performed under local anesthesia with proper preoperative workup.
Bulky PNP Ligands Blocking Metal‐Ligand Cooperation Allow for Isolation of Ru(0), and Lead to Catalytically Active Ru Complexes in Acceptorless Alcohol Dehydrogenation
Authors: Deolka Shubham , Fayzullin Robert R. , Khaskin Eugene 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe synthesized two 4Me−PNP ligands which block metal‐ligand cooperation (MLC) with the Ru center and compared their Ru complex chemistry to their two traditional analogues used in acceptorless alcohol dehydrogenation catalysis. The corresponding 4Me−PNP complexes, which do not undergo dearomatization upon addition of base, allowed us to obtain rare, albeit unstable, 16 electron mono‐CO Ru(0) complexes. Reactivity with CO and H2 allows for stabilization and extensive characterization of bis‐CO Ru(0) 18 electron and Ru(II) cis and trans dihydride species that were also shown to be capable of C(sp2) −H activation. Reactivity and catalysis are contrasted to non‐methylated Ru(II) species, showing that an MLC pathway is not necessary, with dramatic differences in outcomes during catalysis between iPr and tBu PNP complexes within each of the 4Me and non‐methylated backbone PNP series being observed. Unusual intermediates are characterized in one of the new and one of the traditional complexes, and a common catalysis deactivation pathway was identified.
Simple iterative trial search for the maximum independent set problem optimized for the GPUs
Authors: Imanaga Tomohiro , Nakano Koji , Yasudo Ryota , Ito Yasuaki , Kawamata Yuya , Katsuki Ryota , Tabata Yusuke , Yazane Takashi , Hamano Kenichiro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn independent set of a graph is a subset of the nodes such that no two nodes in it are adjacent. The maximum independent set (MIS) problem is an optimization problem to find a largest independent set. The main contribution of this article is to introduce a generic iterative trial search algorithm that we call iMIS for finding approximate solutions for the MIS problem. The generic algorithm iMIS is designed so that it can be implemented to run on GPUs very efficiently. Since the performance of the algorithm varies depending on its search strategy, we present a hybrid algorithm that combines three strategies of the iMIS such that best one of them for an input graph is automatically selected. We have implemented our hybrid algorithm to run on a multi‐GPU server with eight NVIDIA A100 GPUs. And evaluated the performance for 66 DIMACS benchmark graphs and 78 random graphs with up to 256M nodes. We have also evaluated the performance of three previously published algorithms for the MIS problem and an approach using Gurobi linear programming solver. The experimental results show that our hybrid algorithm can find larger independent sets for all 144 graphs compared to other methods.
Investigation on four‐port mono‐capacitor circuit with high‐pass negative group delay behavior
Authors: Fenni Sofia , Haddad Fayrouz , Jaomiary Antonio , Yazdani Samar S. , Sahoa Frank Elliot , Ramifidisoa Lucius , Guerin Mathieu , Rahajandraibe Wenceslas , Ravelo Blaise 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMost of the recent studies on unfamiliar negative group delay (NGD) circuit were focused on the classes of low‐pass (LP) and bandpass (BP) topologies. So far, few research works are currently available in the literature on the high‐pass (HP) NGD class. This paper introduces an original HP‐NGD circuit theory of four‐port passive topology constituted by a single lumped capacitor. The S‐matrix equivalent model of the innovative topology is established from the admittance matrix. The basic analytical frequency‐dependent responses are expressed. Then, the GD model is derived in function of the capacitor. It was analytically found that the four‐port mono‐capacitor passive circuit is susceptible to behave as an unfamiliar class of HP‐NGD function. An innovative HP‐NGD analysis is explored in addition to the expression of synthesis design equation in function of the expected NGD cut‐off frequency which is linked to NGD optimal value. The validity of the established HP‐NGD theory is verified with a proof of concept (POC) circuit. As expected, the POC enables HP‐NGD behavior to show a good correlation between analytical model which is confirmed by the simulation.
Meta‐analysis of salt marsh vegetation impacts and recovery: a synthesis following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Authors: Zengel Scott , Weaver Jennifer , Mendelssohn Irving A. , Graham Sean A. , Lin Qianxin , Hester Mark W. , Willis Jonathan M. , Silliman Brian R. , Fleeger John W. , McClenachan Giovanna , Rabalais Nancy N. , Turner R. Eugene , Hughes A. Randall , Cebrian Just , Deis Donald R. , Rutherford Nicolle , Roberts Brian J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMarine oil spills continue to be a global issue, heightened by spill events such as the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the largest marine oil spill in US waters and among the largest worldwide, affecting over 1,000 km of sensitive wetland shorelines, primarily salt marshes supporting numerous ecosystem functions. To synthesize the effects of the oil spill on foundational vegetation species in the salt marsh ecosystem, Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus, we performed a meta‐analysis using data from 10 studies and 255 sampling sites over seven years post‐spill. We examined the hypotheses that the oil spill reduced plant cover, stem density, vegetation height, aboveground biomass, and belowground biomass, and tracked the degree of effects temporally to estimate recovery time frames. All plant metrics indicated impacts from oiling, with 20–100% maximum reductions depending on oiling level and marsh zone. Peak reductions of ~70–90% in total plant cover, total aboveground biomass, and belowground biomass were observed for heavily oiled sites at the marsh edge. Both Spartina and Juncus were impacted, with Juncus affected to a greater degree. Most plant metrics had recovery time frames of three years or longer, including multiple metrics with incomplete recovery over the duration of our data, at least seven years post‐spill. Belowground biomass was particularly concerning, because it declined over time in contrast with recovery trends in most aboveground metrics, serving as a strong indicator of ongoing impact, limited recovery, and impaired resilience. We conclude that the Deepwater Horizon spill had multiyear impacts on salt marsh vegetation, with full recovery likely to exceed 10 years, particularly in heavily oiled marshes, where erosion may preclude full recovery. Vegetation impacts and delayed recovery is likely to have exerted substantial influences on ecosystem processes and associated species, especially along heavily oiled shorelines. Our synthesis affords a greater understanding of ecosystem impacts and recovery following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and informs environmental impact analysis, contingency planning, emergency response, damage assessment, and restoration efforts related to oil spills.
Life‐history strategy and extinction risk in the warm desert perennial spring ephemeral Astragalus holmgreniorum (Fabaceae)
Authors: Van Buren Renée , Searle Allyson B. , Meyer Susan E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study of Astragalus holmgreniorum examines its adaptations to the warm desert environment and whether these adaptations will enable it to persist. Its spring ephemeral hemicryptophyte life‐history strategy is unusual in warm deserts. We used data from a 22‐year demographic study supplemented with reproductive output, seed bank, and germinant survival studies to examine the population dynamics of this species using discrete‐time stochastic matrix modeling. The model showed that A. holmgreniorum is likely to persist in the warm desert in spite of high dormant‐season mortality. It relies on a stochastically varying environment with high inter‐annual variation in precipitation for persistence, but without a long‐lived seed bank, environmental stochasticity confers no advantage. Episodic high reproductive output and frequent seedling recruitment along with a persistent seed bank are adaptations that facilitate its survival. These adaptations place its life‐history strategy further along the spectrum from “slower” to “faster” relative to other perennial spring ephemerals. The extinction risk for small populations is relatively high even though mean λs > 1 because of the high variance in year quality. This risk is also strongly dependent on seed bank starting values, creating a moving window of extinction risk that varies with population size through time. Astragalus holmgreniorum life‐history strategy combines the perennial spring ephemeral life form with features more characteristic of desert annuals. These adaptations permit persistence in the warm desert environment. A promising conclusion is that new populations of this endangered species can likely be established through direct seeding.
Primary Amine Catalyzed Activation of Carbonyl Compounds: A Study on Reaction Pathways and Reactive Intermediates by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Iazzetti Antonia , Mazzoccanti Giulia , Bencivenni Giorgio , Righi Paolo , Calcaterra Andrea , Villani Claudio , Ciogli Alessia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe field of organocatalysis is expanding at a fast pace. Its growth is sustained by major stimuli, such as the effort toward an understanding of the mechanisms of reaction and catalytic processes in general, the elucidation of basic properties leading to stereocontrol and the search for broad applicability and scalability of the synthetic methodology. This paper reports a thorough study based on ESI‐MS spectrometry of amino‐organocatalyzed model reactions under different experimental conditions. Off‐line reaction monitoring of mixtures containing different catalytic systems, by ESI‐MSn showed the presence of several putative intermediate species, either in their protonated or sodiated forms. In addition, enantioselective chromatography of crude reactions provides the stereochemical outcome of asymmetric reactions. The bulk of the data collected offers a clue of the intricate pathways occurring in solution for the studied reactions.
Economic, Environmental and Social Impact of Carbon Tax for Iran: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Moosavian Seyed Farhan , Zahedi Rahim , Hajinezhad Ahmad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe environmental taxes, such as carbon tax, also affect other economic variables in a different way in addition to the main goal of politicians. The carbon tax aims to reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions, while it can also reduce labor tax and labor costs which are incentives to create new jobs. It is necessary to evaluate the carbon taxation policy in Iran due to the special circumstances of the budget deficit mainly caused by the decline of exports and oil revenues. The present study is based on a general equilibrium model in the form of a nonlinear equations system. The model has been calibrated for the 2017 reference year using the data table adopted from Iran's economy. It has been shown that if the carbon tax revenue is employed to decrease the labor income tax, the environmental quality will be improved by reducing pollutant emissions on the one hand, and it will lead to positive effects on the welfare and employment on the other hand. In the present paper, the effect of applying this tax on two policies with redistribution (compensation) and without redistribution (no compensation) of income tax among the households is examined. Maximum, minimum, and optimal values of pollutant emissions reduction under the influence of carbon tax policies were calculated in both scenarios. The simulation results show that the taxation without redistribution of tax revenues decreases the welfare and household's actual consumed budget by 6.2%, but in policy with compensation of tax revenue, these indices will increase by 0.8%. The gross domestic product (GDP) decreases by about 1.7% and 2.1% in both policies, respectively, while the consumer price index (CPI) in both scenarios will increase by about 6.4% and 8%, respectively. According to this research findings, carbon taxation with the redistribution of revenue is a suitable policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adhere to international commitments at the same time.
T‐FACE studies reveal that increased temperature exerts an effect opposite to that of elevated CO2 on nutrient concentration and bioavailability in rice and wheat grains
Authors: Guo Xuanhe , Huang Baowei , Zhang Han , Cai Chuang , Li Gang , Li Haozheng , Zhang Yaling , Struik Paul C. , Liu Zijuan , Dong Mingming , Ni Rongbing , Pan Genxing , Liu Xiaoyu , Chen Weiping , Luo Weihong , Yin Xinyou 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElevated CO2 concentration has been reported to decrease grain nutrient concentrations and thus worsen nutritional deficiency and hidden hunger. One nutritional aspect is mineral content, yet mineral bioavailability can be limited by the presence of phytic acid. Given that future climate scenarios predict elevated global temperature driven by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, we used Temperature by Free‐Air CO2 Enrichment (T‐FACE) field experiments to investigate whether elevated temperature alters the effects of elevated CO2 on grain mineral concentrations, grain mineral yields, and their bioavailability in a range of wheat and rice genotypes. We found that the negative effects of elevated CO2 were compensated for by positive effects of elevated temperature. As a result, the combined elevated CO2 and elevated temperature increased concentrations of some minerals by up to ~15% in both rice and wheat relative to control conditions. Moreover, the combined elevated CO2 and elevated temperature did not significantly change total yields of some minerals despite lower grain yields. The combined CO2 and temperature elevation increased phytic acid concentration in rice by 18.1% but decreased it in wheat by 3.5%. The mineral bioavailability, estimated as the mole ratio of phytic acid to minerals in rice and wheat grains, was limited by the combined CO2 and temperature elevation in only a few cases. Our results indicate that under future climate conditions of elevated temperature and CO2, the nutritional quality of rice and wheat with respect to minerals may remain unchanged.
The effect of long‐chain alkanes on flavour release and olfactory characteristics of rose essential oil
Authors: Fu Yingjie , Zhang Yipeng , Zeng Shitong , Luo Liwen , Xi Hui , Li Peng , Wang Dingzhong , Liao Tougen , Chen Jiajia , Sun Shihao , Xie Jianping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLong‐chain alkanes (LA) are common component of rose essential oil (REO). However, the effect of LA on the olfactory characteristics of REO has not been elaborately reported to date. Herein, we utilized three kinds of REO to explore the role of LA in REO. Accordingly, the models of volatiles and LA were established and applied to investigate the effect of LA on flavour release. By addition of LA, the flavour release decreased from 24.26%~101.39% to −15.44%~9.4%, indicating that the proper constitution and proportion of LA were important factors to approach the original behaviour of REO. Moreover, the impact of LA on sensory perception of REO was also revealed by comparing the odour of flavours in the presence and absence of LA. Results showed a significant difference in Kushui samples (P < .01) and Turkish samples (P < .05). This work systematically illustrated the functions of LA which regulated the flavour release and the scent of REO, enlightening the further research on REO and rose industry production.