bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Hospitalization Associated With Different Constellations of Home &amp; Community Based Services
Authors: Cleve Ray Van , Cole Evan , Degenholtz Howard 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:Identify the association between specific combinations of home and community-based services (HCBS) and risk of acute hospitalization. Methods:Data for this study came from Pennsylvania Medicaid claims, enrollment files, enrollee evaluations, and Medicare and Medicaid hospitalization records. This analysis compared risk of inpatient hospitalization across an entire state Medicaid population of community dwelling elderly individuals receiving HCBS. Twelve constellations of HCBS were identified, each composed of different services. Using logistic regression, we derived predicted probabilities of experiencing hospitalization for people in each constellation. This was secondary data analysis conducted outside of a hospital. This study used observational data. There was no randomization.Results:The highest risk of hospitalization, 15.1%, was associated with use of home delivered meals and low levels of PAS. The lowest risk of hospitalization, 7.5% was associated with use of adult day care and low levels of PAS. An 11.6% risk of hospitalization was associated with people who had applied to receive HCBS but were deemed ineligible. This risk was higher than all other constellations of HCBS except for the risk associated with using only low levels of PAS (13.9%) and using low levels of PAS and home delivered meals (15.1%). Conclusions: Using medium and high levels of PAS was associated with lower hospitalization risk compared to only low levels of PAS. Offering a higher initial level of PAS upon enrollment in Medicaid could potentially reduce hospitalization risk. People receiving home delivered meals had an elevated hospitalization risk.
Quantitative Research on Drought Loss Sensitivity of Summer Maize Based on AquaCrop Model
Authors: Li Fawen , Zhang Manjin , Liu Yaoze 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the growth periods of summer maize was divided into seedling, booting and flowering-grain stage. Based on the simulation results of AquaCrop model, the drought loss sensitivity of summer maize in different growth periods was analyzed. The sensitivity curves fitting using the soil moisture content of the effective root zone and the fixed soil layer both indicated that the booting stage was the most sensitive to water stress, which was the critical period for irrigation, followed by the seedling stage. Compared with the curve parameters fitted by the soil water content of the effective root zone, the maximum Biomass Loss Rate fitted by the fixed soil layer water content was higher and the Drought Hazard Index corresponding to the disaster-causing point and the turning point in the seedling stage moved backward. Accordingly, the best irrigation opportunity may be missed and resulting in a large reduction in production if an irrigation scheme is formulated at the seedling stage based on the sensitivity curve of summer maize fitted by the water content of a fixed soil layer. This study also adapted the Jensen model to calculate the normalized moisture sensitivity coefficient and studied the response of final crop yield to water deficit in different growth periods. The results showed that the normalized moisture sensitivity coefficients at the seedling stage, booting stage, and flowering-grain stage were 0.251, 0.524, 0.224 respectively, which verified the rationality and feasibility of using the cumulative loss of biomass to measure the final yield loss.
SH3GL1 Promotes Liver Tumorigenesis by Activating β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Zhang Cong , Li Ning , Zhong chen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent subtype of primary liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been well established to be responsible for liver tumorigenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and tumor relapse. Yet the underlying mechanisms of CSCs self-renewal and maintenance are poorly understood. Here, we first report that SH3GL1 was dramatically upregulated in liver cancer and higher SH3GL1 expression was significantly correlates with worse clinical outcomes of liver cancer patients. Loss of function experiments demonstrate that SH3GL1 functions as a novel oncogene to potentiate liver cancer cell proliferation and liver CSCs self-renewal maintenance in vitro as well as xenograft tumor grow in vivo. Mechanistically, our study reveals that SH3GL1 facilitates liver CSCs by physically interacting with and activating β-catenin signaling. Our study characterizes SH3GL1 as a new regulator of oncogenic β-catenin signaling and defines newly therapeutic target for liver cancer patients.
Context Specific Realities and Experiences of Nurses and Midwives in Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Services in Two District Hospitals in Rwanda
Authors: Nishimwe Aurore , Conco Daphney Nozizwe , Nyssen Marc , Ibisomi Latifat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In low and middle-income countries, nurses and midwives are the frontline healthcare workers in obstetric care. Insights into the experiences of these healthcare workers in managing obstetric care emergencies are critical for improving quality of care. This article presents such insights, from the nurses and midwives working in Rwandan district hospitals, who reflected on their experiences of managing the most common birth-related complications; postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and newborn asphyxia. This is a qualitative part of a broader research about implementation of an mLearning and mHealth decision support tool (Safe Delivery Application), in basic emergency obstetric and newborn care services in Rwanda.
Methods

In this exploratory qualitative aspect of the research, the first author facilitated four focus group discussions with 26 nurses and midwives from two district hospitals in Rwanda. Each focus group discussion was made up of two parts. The first part focused on the participants’ reflections on the research results, while the second part explored their experiences of delivering obstetric care services in their respective district hospitals. The research results included: survey results reflecting their knowledge and skills of PPH management and of neonatal resuscitation (NR); and findings from a six-month record review of PPH management and NR outcomes, from the district hospitals under study. Data were analyzed using hybrid thematic analysis.
Results

Nurses and midwives felt that the presented findings were a true reflection of the reality and offered diverse explanations for the results. The participants’ narratives of lived experiences of providing BEmONC services are presented under two broad themes: (1) self-reflections on their current practices and (2) contextual factors influencing the delivery of BEmONC services.
Conclusion

The insights of nurses and midwives regarding the management of birth related complications revealed multi-faceted factors that influence the quality of their obstetric care. Even though the study was focused on their management of PPH and NR, the resulting recommendations to improve quality of care could benefit the broader field of maternal and child health particularly in low and middle income countries.
A Decade of National Green Tribunal of India: Judgement Analysis and Observations
Authors: singh aprajita 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Established in 2010, it has been more than a decade since the establishment of the National Green Tribunal in India and in this context, the effectiveness of the National Green Tribunal as an institution comes to the forefront specifically from the lens of access to justice. To fill in the gap that is existing in the environmental area in the social and economic dimension role of an effective institution created for environment protection is a matter of utmost relevance. The judicial mechanism as a means of access to justice in environmental matters as one of the pillars of environmental governance is seen as means for achieving environmental justice and bringing in environmental democracy. National Green Tribunal is a quasi-judicial body dealing specifically with environment-related civil litigations, which brings about the plurality of justice with its multidisciplinary approach. This paper through the analysis of judgments of the year 2019 of the specific months where the tribunal has done significant intervention, through analysis looks into the impact the judgments have concerning environmental protection and innovations brought and jurisprudence created through its judgments and impact on the access to environmental justice.
Duration of Prophylactic Antibiotic and Prosthetic Joint Infection in a Developing Country: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chareancholvanich Keerati , Pornrattanamaneewong Chaturong , Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Sanguanwongwan Waiwit , Musikachart Piyanuch , Narkbunnam Rapeepat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPerioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the standard measures for preventing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). In developing countries, poor surgical environment and patient hygiene are often cited as reasons for prolonged antibiotic duration without any evidence to support its effectiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate the infection rate after TKA compared between standard course (≤24 hours) and extended course (>24 hours) of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in a developing country.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty during January 2013 to December 2018. A total of 3,316 patients were included. Of those, 1,284 and 2,032 patients received standard and extended course of antibiotic prophylaxis, respectively. The incidence of PJI was compared between groups, and we also analyzed for factors significantly associated with PJI.ResultsPJI developed in 0.5% (6/1,284) of the standard course group, and in 1.2% (24/2,032) of the extended course group. The difference and 95% confidence interval for the difference between groups was -0.714% (-1.338% to -0.043%), which confirms the noninferiority status of the standard course group compared to the extended course group. Longer hospital length of stay significantly associated with higher infection rate (p=0.000). Postoperative wound infection was not found to be associated with age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, blood transfusion, or surgery type.ConclusionTwenty-four hours of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis was found to be adequate for PJI prevention in a developing country setting.Trial registrationEthical approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Institutional review board of Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol university. [SIRB 847/2559(EC3)]
Prevalence and Management of Constipation and GI Diagnoses in Children With Solid Tumors
Authors: Belsky Jennifer , Stanek Joseph R. , Yeager Nicholas D. , Runco Daniel V. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Despite continued development of targeted therapies for children with cancer, patients continue to experience an array of unwanted side effects. Children with solid tumors may experience constipation as a result many treatment variables. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence and treatment of constipation in hospitalized children with solid tumors treated with chemotherapy.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed data from 48 children’s hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System, extracting patients 0–21 years of age with a solid tumor diagnosis hospitalized from October 2015-December 2019. Primary study outcome investigated which solid tumor subgroups received the diagnosis of constipation or received the most constipation medications while receiving chemotherapy for a cancer diagnosis.
Results

We identified 13,375 unique patients with a solid tumor diagnosis receiving chemotherapy. Constipation was the most common gastrointestinal complaint with 8,658 (64.7%; 95% Cl: 63.9–65.5%) meeting our defined constipation diagnosis. Bone cancers had the highest percentage (69.9%) of patients with constipation, while Hodgkin’s lymphoma had the lowest, though 52.1% of patients were affected. A total of 44% (n = 35,301) of encounters received an opioid at some point during admission. Of patients receiving constipation medications, the most commonly prescribed was poly-ethyl glycol (n = 25,175, 31.7%), followed by docusate (n = 11,297, 14.2%), senna (n = 10,325, 13.0%), and lactulose (n = 5,501, 6.9%).
Conclusions

Constipation is the most common gastrointestinal issue that children with solid tumors experience while receiving chemotherapy. Increased attention should be given to constipation prophylaxis and treatment in children with solid tumors undergoing chemotherapy.
Risk Factors for Oral Mucositis During Chemotherapy Treatment for Solid Tumors: A Retrospective STROBE-Guided Study
Authors: Martins Joyce Ohana de Lima , Borges Marcela Maria Fontes , Nóbrega Malta Cássia , Carlos Anna Clara Aragão Matos , Crispim André Alves , de Moura Jose Fernando Bastos , Fernandes-Lima Isabelle Joyce Silva , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose

This study retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for transchemotherapy oral mucositis (OM).
Methods

Before each chemotherapy cycle, patients were routinely evaluated for the presence/severity of OM based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 scale for adverse effects and graded as follows: However, specific conditions such as mucositis are graded on a five-point scale: 0, absence of mucositis, grade 1 (Asymptomatic or mild), 2 (Presence of pain and moderate ulceration, without interference with food intake), 3 (severe pain with interference with food intake) or 4 (Life-threatening with the need for urgent intervention). Information from 2 years of evaluations was collected and patient medical records were reviewed to obtain data on chemotherapy cycle, sex, age, body mass index, body surface area, primary tumor, chemotherapy protocol, and history of head and neck radiotherapy. The X² test and multinomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis (SPSS 20.0, p < 0.05).
Results

Among 19,000 total evaluations of 3,529 patients during 5.32 ± 4.7 chemotherapy cycles (CT) the prevalence of OM was 6.3% (n = 1,195). Chemotherapy duration (p < 0.001), female sex (p = 0.001), adjuvant intention (p = 0.008) and the use of carboplatin (p = 0.001), cisplatin (p = 0.029), docetaxel (p < 0.001) and bevacizumab (p = 0.026) independently increased the risk of mucositis. In head and neck tumors, 2018 year (p = 0.017), chemotherapy duration (p = 0.018), BMI > 30 (p = 0.008), radiotherapy (p = 0.037) and use of carboplatin (p = 0.046) and cyclophosphamide (p = 0.010) increased this prevalence.
Conclusion

Cycles of chemotherapy, sex, cytotoxicity drugs, bevacizumab and head and neck radiotherapy increase the risk of OM in solid tumors.
Application of Multinomial Logistic Regression Model on Factors That Affects The Need for Children Among Ethiopian Women
Authors: Molla Habitu Liyew , Moges Turufat Seifu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Need for children (desire for children), is one of the major factors influencing the population dynamics. Like other fertility preferences, it is not fixed but changes over the family life course in respect to actual fertility experiences and outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify socio-economic and demographic factors that affect the need for another child (desire for more children) among Ethiopian women of reproductive age (15-49).Methods: The study was based on Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS), 2016 data. A total of 15,683 women with complete information were considered in the study. A Multinomial Logistic Regression Model, a family of generalized non-linear models, were used to identify determinant factors for the need to children (desire for children) among women in Ethiopia using STATA 14 and SPSS 23.Results: Results showed that among the reproductive age women’s 65.51% were need to have childe, and their average age was 25.05, 27.18% were don’t like to have child and their average age was 35.73, the rest 7.31% of the women were not decide where they need children or not and their average age was 24.8. From multinomial logistic regression model, Region, contraception using (for yes 0.658293 (0.58889, 0.73586) for undecided 0.6310024 (0.50151, 0.79394)), marital status, age of women (for yes 0.896552 (0.88968, 0.90348) for undecided 0.9282431 (0.91632, 0.94033)), number of living children, religion, age at first marriage ( for yes1.057528 (1.04363, 1.07161) for undecided 1.041 (1.01434, 1.06836)), wealth index, women’s employment and women’s education were significant effect on the need for children among Ethiopian women.Conclusions: This study was based on a nationwide large sample demographic and survey conducted by the Ethiopian Statistical Agency. The study has empirically investigated and identified the determinants factors that affect the need for children among Ethiopian women. The multinomial logistic regression model analysis identified that variables such as marital status, contraception using, number of living children, age at first marriage and age of women play vital role in deciding on weather women need to have children or not. Region contraceptive using women’s employment, women’s education level and number of living children have negatively associated with outcome variable.
In Situ Green Synthesis of Mil-100(Fe) Modified Edta as an Enhanced Candidate Detoxifying Agent of Lead Heavy Metal (Pb) and Its Adsorption Characteristics
Authors: Lestari Witri Wahyu , Meilani Rika , Nurcahyo If , Larasati Larasati 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
EDTA-modified MIL-100(Fe) (MIL = Matériaux de l′Institut Lavoisier) was successfully prepared in situ using an electrochemical method. The porous nature of the material and its high stability under intestinal and stomach conditions present it as a great candidate agent for lead detoxification. Kinetic and isotherm investigations revealed that the adsorption of Pb2+ ions in MIL-100(Fe)-EDTA followed a pseudo-second order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.0109 g/mg.min and a Langmuir isotherm model with an adsorption energy of 31.29 kJ/mol. The synthesized MIL-100-EDTA showed three times enhanced performance than MIL-100(Fe) in Pb2+ adsorption study. Optimum adsorption was achieved at pH 3 at an initial concentration of 5 ppm and a contact time of 12 h, yielding adsorption efficiency and capacity of up to 86.65% and 3.68 mg/g, respectively.
Research on Risk Assessment of Corporate Social Responsibility Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Language-Cloud Model
Authors: Yi Liqi , Li Tao , Guo Yunfen , Li Ang , Zhang Ting , Shen Jing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Risk of corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to the possibility and consequences of the potential lack of CSR, which will cause damage and loss to society and enterprises. Hence, scientific evaluation of CSR risk is conducive to enterprises to take timely risk response measures and reduce potential risk factors. In order to fully reflect the CSR risk, a comprehensive risk evaluation index system is established from four dimensions of corporate stakeholders, law, environment and charity. In addition, hesitant fuzzy language is used to describe the CSR risk information, so as to reflect the uncertainty in the process of risk judgment. Considering the complexity of the CSR concept and the possible discreteness of risk results, the hesitant fuzzy language-cloud model is established to evaluate CSR risk level. Finally, utilizing China Huaneng Group as a case to apply the CSR risk evaluation model, it is found that the overall CSR risk level of Huaneng is relatively low. Through further comparative and hierarchical analysis, it is found that the CSR risk of community stakeholders is relatively high, and the CSR risk of legal, environmental and charitable is relatively balanced.
Psychometric Evaluation of a Culturally Adapted Illness Perception Questionnaire for African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shiyanbola Olayinka , Rao Deepika , Kuehl Sierra , Bolt Daniel , Ward Earlise , Brown Carolyn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes is burdensome to African Americans, who are twice as likely to be diagnosed, more likely to develop complications and are at a greater risk for death and disability than non-Hispanic whites. Medication adherence interventions are sometimes ineffective for African Americans because their unique illness perceptions are not adequately addressed. The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) that assesses illness perceptions has shown reliability and validity problems when used with African Americans. Thus, the study objective was to adapt the IPQ-R for African Americans and assess the validity and reliability of the culturally adapted questionnaire.Methods: Using an exploratory sequential mixed methods design, we explored African Americans’ illness perceptions qualitatively, used the results to adapt the IPQ-R, and tested the culturally adapted IPQ-R items quantitatively. The culturally adapted IPQ-R was administered to 170 African Americans with type 2 diabetes in a face-to-face survey. Content, construct, convergent, and predictive validity, including reliability was examined. Pearson and item-total correlations, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and test-retest were conducted. Results: A new 9-factor structure for the culturally-adapted IPQ-R was identified. The new factor structure was distinct from the old factor structure of the IPQ-R. The ‘consequences’ domain from the IPQ-R occurred as two factors (external and internal consequences) while the ‘emotional representations’ domain in the IPQ-R emerged as separate ‘present’ and ‘future’ emotional representation factors. Illness coherence’ was differently conceptualized as ‘illness interpretations’ to capture additional culturally-adapted items within this domain. Most items had factor loadings greater than 0.4, with moderate factor score correlations. Necessity and concern beliefs in medicines significantly correlated with domains of the culturally-adapted IPQ-R. Pearson’s correlation values were not greater than 0.7, indicating good convergent validity. The culturally-adapted IPQ-R significantly predicted medication adherence. None of the correlation values were higher than 0.7 for the test-retest, indicating moderate reliability. Most domains of the culturally-adapted IPQ-R had Cronbach’s alpha values higher than 0.7, indicating good internal consistency. Conclusions: The results provide preliminary support for the validity of the culturally-adapted IPQ-R in African Americans with diabetes, showing good construct, convergent and predictive validity, as well as reliability.