bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping Strategies and Complicated Grief in a Substance Use Disorder Sample
Authors: Caparrós Beatriz , Masferrer Laura 
Published: January 2021

Background: Previous research has identified a link between the loss of a significant person, grief complications, and substance abuse. People with substance use disorder (SUD) are more vulnerable to complicated grieving symptoms following loss. From sociocognitive theories, the model of coping with stress assumes that substance use is one of the responses used to cope with traumatic life events. The main objective of this study is to identify the coping strategies of people with SUD and to analyze their relationship to complicated grief (CG).Methods: A sample of 196 bereaved drug-dependent patients was assessed, after providing written consent, in sociodemographic variables, drug and bereavement related characteristics, CG symptomatology (Inventory of Complicated Grief) and coping strategies (Coping Strategies Inventory).Results: There are differences in relation to the coping strategies used among patients with CG, using more those focused on emotional expression, social withdrawal, wishful thinking, and self-criticism.Conclusion: We can conclude that, in general, CG in patients with SUD is more associated with the use of less adaptive coping strategies. This data can contribute to a better understanding of the different variables involved in the grieving process among people with SUD. It is important to point out the clinical implications of addressing what the coping strategies associated with improved grief outcomes among people with addiction problems are.
RETRACTED: Intra-articular Injections With Either Triamcinolone Hexacetonide, Stanozolol, Hylan G-F 20, or a Platelet Concentrate Improve Clinical Signs in Police Working Dogs With Bilateral Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Alves João C. , Santos Ana , Jorge Patrícia , Lavrador Catarina , Carreira L. Miguel 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To compare the effect of intra-articular treatment with triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH), stanozolol, hyaluronan, and a platelet concentrate in police working dogs with bilateral hip osteoarthritis (OA).Study Design: Prospective, longitudinal, double-blinded, negative controlled study.Sample Population: Fifty police working dogs with naturally occurring hip OA.Methods: Animals were randomly assigned to a control group (CG, n = 10), TH group (THG, n = 10), platelet concentrate group (PCG, n = 10), stanozolol group (SG, n = 10), and Hylan G-F 20 group (HG). On days 0 (T0), 8, 15, 30, 90, and 180 days post-treatment, weight-bearing distribution was evaluated. In those days, and on days 60, 120, and 150, four clinical metrology instruments were completed. Kaplan–Meier estimators were conducted and compared with the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine treatment survival. Significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.Results: Patients had a mean age of 6.5 ± 2.4 years and body weight of 26.7 ± 5.2 kg. At T0, hips were classified as mild (n = 35), moderate (n = 10), and severe (n = 5), according to the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals grading scheme. No differences were found between groups at that moment considering age, body weight, OFA hip score, and all assessments performed. All treatments improved clinical signs in various OA dimensions in some groups, with a broad effect interval. PCG showed a lower range of variation while maintaining a positive result for more extended periods (p &lt; 0.01 for symmetry index and 0.01 &lt; p &lt; 0.04 in the majority of scores). Breed, age, sex, and OFA grade did not significantly influence response to treatment.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: This is the first prospective, negative controlled, double-blinded study to compare the effect of a single administration of these IA treatments in dogs with hip OA. HG and PCG recorded more significant improvements throughout the 180-day follow-up. In particular, PCG also registered a lower variation in results, seemingly the best therapeutic option. Nevertheless, improvements were still observed in THG and SG, and these treatment options can be considered, mainly when the first two treatments are not available.
Use of methenamine hippurate to prevent urinary tract infections in community adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bakhit Mina , Krzyzaniak Natalia , Hilder Joanne , Clark Justin , Scott Anna Mae , Mar Chris Del 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are often treated with antibiotics and are a source of antibiotic overuse.AimTo systematically review randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adult women in the community with a history of recurrent UTIs and who use methenamine hippurate prophylactically.Design and settingSystematic review of women in the UK, Australia, Norway, and US (aged ≥18 years) with recurrent UTIs receiving methenamine hippurate against placebo or no treatment, and antibiotics.MethodThe authors searched three databases, clinical trial registries, and performed forward–backward citation analysis on references of included studies.ResultsSix studies involving 557 participants were included (447 were analysed). Of the six studies, five were published and one was an unpublished trial record with results, three compared methenamine hippurate against placebo or control, and three compared methenamine hippurate with antibiotics. For the number of patients who remained asymptomatic, methenamine hippurate showed a non-statistically significant trend of benefit versus antibiotics over 12 months (risk ratio [RR] 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.40 to 1.07, I2 49%), versus control over 6 or 12 months (RR 0.56, 95% CI = 0.13 to 2.35, I2 93%), and a non-statistically significant trend versus any antibiotic for abacteruria (RR 0.80, 95% CI = 0.62 to 1.03, I2 23%). A similar non-statistically significant trend of benefits for methenamine hippurate for the number of UTI or bacteriuric episodes was found, and a non-statistically significant difference in the number of patients experiencing adverse events between methenamine hippurate and any comparator, with a trend towards benefit for the methenamine hippurate, was identified. Antibiotic use and resistance were not consistently reported.ConclusionThere is insufficient evidence to be certain of the benefits of methenamine hippurate to prevent UTI. Further research is needed to test the drug’s effectiveness in preventing UTIs and as an alternative for antibiotic treatment for UTI.
CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN TEACHING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION
Authors: Kissová Olga 
Published: January 2021

The objective of the work is the application of contrastive approach in teaching English to analyse the pros and cons of the contrastive method in teaching foreign language pronunciation to young learners compared to non-contrastive (monolingual) method used at our Slovak primary schools. This article determines the dominant influence of the learner’s mother tongue/native language (L1) in the process of learning/teaching pronunciation foreign/second language (L2) and by using contrastive approach tries to enhance positive transfer from the L1 and the reduction of possible negative transfer from L1 to L2 using appropriate teaching techniques and effective tools. The study will be carried out on English language non-native teachers working at a public and private Slovak primary school to find out their needs in the field of teaching pronunciation (questionnaires) and will be focused on quasi-experimental pupils’ group trained separately with and without contrastive approach before recording them and analysing the results. The experimental group will be trained in cognitive contrastive approach concerning segmental, suprasegmental and prosodic phonetics systems comparing Slovak and English languages sound systems. The control group will be trained by using imitative-intuitive ways with the same texts in reading and free speaking topics as the first group. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques will be used in the study and the triangulation of research methods will be finished by contend analyses of mainly used English textbooks which are mail regular sources for learning/teaching pronunciation.
The most important will be the practical output for teachers and pupils in creating specially designed pronunciation concerned materials for meeting specific needs of our Slovak primary school level determining the influence and interference of Slovak mother tongue in learning/teaching pronunciation.
Design of a highly reliable nonvolatile flip-flop incorporating a common-mode write error detection capability
Authors: Natsui Masanori , Yamagishi Gensei , Hanyu Takahiro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nonvolatile flip-flop (NVFF) is an important component for implementing an energy-efficient logic large-scale integration (LSI) circuit that utilizes nonvolatile memory (NVM) function of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices. NVFF must be highly reliable in data store and restore operations for nonvolatile power gating. This study proposes an NVFF that can detect arbitrary errors occurring when storing data to the embedded NVM caused by the stochastic behavior of MTJ devices. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed NVFF can detect arbitrary error conditions, including the unsupported condition in the previously proposed reliable NVFF, while maintaining comparable performance to a conventional condition in normal flip-flop operations.
Influences of hydrogen ion irradiation on NcVsi
− formation in 4H-silicon carbide
Authors: Narahara Takuma , Sato Shin-ichiro , Kojima Kazutoshi , Hijikata Yasuto , Ohshima Takeshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nitrogen-vacancy (NCVSi
−) center in 4H-SiC is spin defect with near-infrared luminescence at room temperature and a promising candidate for quantum technologies. This paper reports on NCVSi
− center formation in N-doped 4H-SiCs by hydrogen ion irradiation and subsequent thermal annealing. It is revealed photoluminescence for NCVSi
− centers suddenly appears above the fluence of 5.0 × 1015 cm−2 when annealed at 1000 °C. Appearance of a threshold fluence for their formation and/or activation has not been observed for other energetic particle irradiations. The possible mechanism is discussed based on the kinetics of hydrogen-related complexes and the majority carrier depletion caused by irradiation induced damage.
Effect of post-annealing on the significant photoresponsivity enhancement of BaSi2 epitaxial films on Si(111)
Authors: Haku Yurika , Aonuki Sho , Yamashita Yudai , Toko Kaoru , Suemasu Takashi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We demonstrated the marked photoresponsivity enhancement of BaSi2 epitaxial films by 5 min post-annealing at 850 °C–1000 °C in contrast to those at 600 °C–800 °C. Post-annealing at 1000 °C increased the photoresponsivity up to 9.0 A W−1 at a wavelength of around 800 nm under a bias voltage of 0.5 V applied between the top and bottom electrodes. The hole concentration decreased monotonously with annealing temperature from 8.3 × 1016 to 5.4 × 1015 cm–3, and the mobility exceeded 1000 cm2 V–1 s–1. The a-axis orientation of the BaSi2 films was significantly deteriorated at temperatures higher than 800 °C.
Current-induced magnetization switching in a chemically disordered A1 CoPt single layer
Authors: Chen Zehan , Liu Lin , Ye Zhixiang , Chen Zhiren , Zheng Hongnan , Jia Wei , Zeng Qi , Wang Ning , Xiang Boyuan , Lin Tao , Liu Jing , Qiu Mingxia , Li Shunpu , Shi Ji , Han Peigang , An Hongyu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We report the first demonstration of current-induced magnetization switching in a perpendicularly magnetized A1 CoPt single layer. We show that good perpendicular magnetic anisotropy can be obtained over a wide composition range of A1 Co1−xPtx single layers, which allows the fabrication of a perpendicularly magnetized CoPt single layer with a composition gradient that breaks the inversion symmetry of the structure. By fabricating a CoPt single layer with a gradient, we were able to evaluate spin-orbit torque (SOT) efficiency and successfully realize SOT-induced magnetization switching. Our study provides an approach for realizing current-induced magnetization in ferromagnetic single layers without attaching SOT source materials.
Study of surface roughness of lifted-off epitaxial lateral overgrown GaN layers for the n-DBR mirror of a III-nitride vertical-cavity surface emitting laser
Authors: Gandrothula Srinivas , Kamikawa Takeshi , Speck James S. , Nakamura Shuji , DenBaars Steven P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this work, we propose using the low defect density wing region arising from epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) for the development of Group III-nitride flip-chip vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). The ELO wing is intended to be incorporated within the VCSEL cavity, supporting the n-side distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirror, and must therefore be very smooth. We measure the surface morphology of the interface surface of the ELO material after separation from the growth substrate, finding that the interface roughness changes with the composition and thickness of the ELO mask. Sub-nanometer surface roughness suitable for the placement of the DBR mirror is achieved using mask layers terminating in Si3N4, or via 300 nm thick sputtered SiO2.
Magnetic Levitation Transportation Technologies as an Innovative Infrastructure Framework for the Formation of Global Eurasia
Authors: Tsvetkov V. A. , Zoidov K. Kh. , Medkov A. A. 
Published: January 2021

The presented study determines the prospects for implementing and spreading transportation technologies based on the principles of magnetic levitation as an innovative infrastructure framework for the formation of Global Eurasia.Aim. The study aims to determine and analyze the mutual influence of integration processes in the formation of Global Eurasia and the spread of transportation technologies based on the principles of magnetic levitation within this space, particularly along the North-South line, as the foundation for socio-economic, industrial, and technological priority development of the region’s countries.Tasks. The authors reveal the limited applicability of the traditional principle of wheel-rail movement in modern reality; indicate the undesirability and impossibility of blindly copying magnetic levitationbased movement projects implemented abroad; consider vacuum-levitation transport systems (VLTS) as innovative infrastructure projects that are too radical, excessive in quality, expensive to implement, and limited in the scope of application; determine the undesirability factors of priority development of passenger Maglev transport over cargo transport; systematize the competitive advantages and implementation problems of the North-South high-speed cargo transit highway project and the technological competitive advantages of the open Maglev system.Methods. This study uses the methods of system analysis, theory of techno-economic paradigms, manufacturing-technological balance of the economy, evolutionary-institutional theory, and worldsystem analysis.Results. The authors verify the hypothesis that the mutual influence of integration processes in the formation of Global Eurasia and the spread of transportation technologies based on the principles of magnetic levitation within this space, particularly along the North-South line, serve as a foundation for socio-economic, industrial, and technological priority development of the region’s countries, allowing them to become global leaders in the future.Conclusions. The study proves that adaptation and localization of production of advanced traditional high-speed highway systems based on the wheel-rail principle in Russia will not change the catchingup nature of development of the country’s transit transport system. It also shows that transportation by Maglev trains combines the advantages of both mass modes of transport and high-speed movement. This type of transportation is therefore attractive to customers who use a combination of the maritime fleet or traditional railways and air transport. The authors emphasize the need for mass production and distribution of Maglev technology and its application over long distances, which will help to achieve economies of scale, develop manufacturing and technological competencies, ensure operational safety, and provide a sufficient number of spare parts and components.
Key Drivers and Barriers for the Mobilization of Institutional Investment in Climate-Related Projects
Authors: Nikulina S. I. 
Published: January 2021

The presented study focuses on the problem of increasing the participation of institutional investors in climate finance.Aim. The study aims to identify key drivers and barriers for increasing the participation of institutional investors in climate finance.Tasks. The author considers the transformation of the concept of the fiduciary debt of institutional investors; examines international efforts to address climate risks and mobilize institutional investment in low-carbon projects; analyzes factors preventing wider engagement of institutional investors in climate finance.Methods. This study used general scientific methods of cognition, such as synthesis and analysis.Results. The transformation of the concept of the fiduciary debt of institutional investors is described and its modern interpretation is provided. Factors facilitating the consideration of climate risks and increasing the role of institutional investors in climate finance are identified. The main barriers to considering climate change issues in the investment decisions made by institutional investors are identified.Conclusions. Common approaches to financial policies and regulations are being actively developed at the international level to help mobilize institutional investment in climate change projects. Credible international structures in the field of responsible investment, such as PRI, have a significant influence on the way investors address climate-related risks and opportunities when making decisions. Along with the drivers for institutional investment, numerous barriers still remain.
Covid-19 Pandemic: A Blessing In Disguise
Authors: Jamaludin Mohammad Aizat 
Published: January 2021

The year 2020 was taken over by a global pandemic with a newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV (now known as COVID-19 virus) sweeping across continents since its emergence in December 2019 (Letchumanan et al., 2019). The first COVID-19 case was reported in Wuhan, one of the districts in the People’s Republic of China. It most probably had originated from a market selling and serving exotic and endangered animal species such as bats, snakes, rats, etc. The genome sequence of this novel coronavirus has been deposited in the GenBank as reported by Letchumanan et al. (2019).
The Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Tendency to Forgiveness
Authors: Kravchuk Svetlana 
Published: January 2021

In this study the relationship between tendency to forgive and psychological resilience was studied and the factors of psychological resilience were investigated. The participants were 615 Ukrainian students (317 women; 298 men). Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS-11), Trait Forgivingness (dispositional) Scale, The scale of psychological well-being, Freiburg Personality Inventory, Hardiness Test, Mental Health Outcome Measures (Depression and Anxiety (BSI – 12)), Overall Self-efficacy Scale were applied. Reliability of measures was assessed by adopting McDonald’s omega. Pearson’s correlation coefficient to test the features of the relationship between tendency to forgive and psychological resilience was investigated. The multiple regression analysis for the factors of psychological resilience was performed. The higher level of tendency to forgiveness is connected with higher level of psychological resilience. The higher level of psychological resilience is connected with higher level of hardiness, control, and resistance to stress. Negative correlations were found between psychological resilience and spontaneous aggressiveness, neuroticism, irritability, depression (BSI – 12), depressiveness (FPI), emotional instability, anxiety, shyness. The important factors of psychological resilience were identified by the study. High levels of challenge, personal growth, sociability, control, tendency to forgiveness, personal self-efficacy, commitment, self-acceptance, management of the environment increase the psychological resilience.

Received: 29 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021
Recipe of Poor Performance: Case of a Misaligned Organisational Architecture of a TVET Campus
Authors: Kanyangale MacDonald , Sibanda Reason 
Published: January 2021

The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the nature of the organisational architecture of a Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) campus according to the perspectives of students in KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. Twenty-two students in a TVET campus were selected using purposive sampling and interviewed to collect data. Thematic analysis was used to deduce relevant themes. The results reveal that the organisational architecture of the TVET campus had a twin strategy of active learning and assessment-led teaching that was cardinal, but inadequate for the learning needs of students, and misaligned by unsupportive systems, distant and disconnected style of management to respond to student's problems, shortage of good lecturers and lack of critical resources. Predominantly, students who had already failed in their course were active in cultivating dropout behaviour and culture among peers. The absence of workplace learning by students was a significant gap in the organisational architecture. Critical changes in management style, systems, staff, resources, student peer relations, and reinforcement of workplace learning are imperative if the organisational architecture of the TVET campus is to be re-aligned and effective as a pathway to work for the South African youths.

Received: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 25 October 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
The Academic Supervisor of Higher Education Students’ Final Projects: A Gatekeeper of Quality?
Authors: Sá Maria José , Santos Ana Isabel , Serpa Sandro 
Published: January 2021

The production and presentation for public discussion of an end-of-programme project, thesis or dissertation are unavoidable elements for the conclusion of academic training in study programmes of various levels, namely bachelor’s, master’s and PhD. Although these end-of-programme projects may take on various forms, as well as different levels of demand, supervision in the production of these projects is one of the critical elements for their success. This article aims to analyse the supervision process, examining the supervision strategies that faculty members may mobilise in their role as academic supervisors. To this end, the authors carried out a bibliographic collection, which made it possible to substantiate the proposals set out throughout this piece of research. The results allow concluding that, to be effective and efficient, supervision strategies need to consider, as a basic assumption, that this is a pedagogical relationship, with asymmetric powers between the supervisor(s) and the student(s), in which it is paramount to acknowledge the different duties of each party. Furthermore, this relationship entails the need for flexibility on the part of the supervisor, taking into account both the characteristics of the supervisor and of the work designed and the development of the entire process, which may motivate and involve several supervision strategies in the same supervision over time/process. This whole dynamic takes place in a context where it seems important to (re)think the final product of the academic supervision process.

Received: 30 October 2020 / Accepted: 3 December 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021