bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of teaching style on perceived mathematics achievement of elementary education preservice teachers: the mediating roles of attitude and math self-concept
Authors: Awado Teresa Mae , Abalos Tom Jefferson , Pelago Honey Rose , Morales Vincent , Torres Jean Gindy , Milano Masza Lyn , Hallarte Danica Kaye , Gonzales Roselyn , Gonzales Gamaliel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTeaching style has long been recognized as a factor influencing students’ achievement, particularly in subjects like mathematics. However, its impact on aspiring elementary mathematics teachers, often considered generalists, remains relatively underexplored. Based on the theoretical underpinning of self-determination theory, the paper examines how teaching style (autonomy support and structured), attitude towards mathematics, and math self-concept form part of the overall variations of perceived mathematics achievement of 444 preservice elementary teachers in the central Philippines. In this paper, autonomy support and structure form a second-order construct of teaching style, while attitude and math self-concept serve as mediating variables toward perceived mathematics achievement. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling demonstrated the statistical significance of all five hypothesized paths and identified two partial mediation effects within the examined relationships. This study sheds light on the importance of teaching style in promoting positive attitudes, math self-concepts, and perceived mathematics achievement among preservice elementary teachers, which has implications for the quality of mathematics education in elementary schools. Implications for teacher training programs for elementary education are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.
Mitigating interfacial carrier crowding by an ultrathin LiF interlayer towards efficient and stable perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Lin , Kong Lingmei , Wang Sheng , Dai Jun , Jia Guohua , Yang Xuyong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractQuasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite-based light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have attracted intensive attention due to their high quantum yields, tunable emission wavelengths, and solution-processing capability, showing great potential in next-generation display and lighting applications. However, further performance enhancement in PeLEDs is severely limited by the uncontrolled transfer of charge carriers under bias, leading to crowding of interfacial carriers and severe efficiency roll-off. Herein, we insert an ultra-thin dielectric buffer layer of lithium fluoride (LiF) into the electron transport layer (ETL) to regulate the transfer dynamics of electrons and passivate the interfacial defects simultaneously. The dielectric LiF interlayer can effectively reduce the efficiency roll-off in PeLEDs by improving the charge balance through preventing the overwhelming injection of electrons. Moreover, the fluoride anions from LiF can passivate the surface defects of the perovskite film, enhancing the radiative recombination. As a result, the LiF interlayer-assisted quasi-2D PeLED presents an outstanding external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.03% and a maximum brightness of 30 845 cd m−2. The operational stability of the device is also extended, with a half-lifetime (T50) of 71.28 min (at an initial luminance of 1 000 cd m−2), which is 7.4-fold longer than that for the control device.
Graphical Abstract
Containment and hedging: the U.S. strategic perspective on China’s Polar Silk Road Initiative
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Lyu Haiyang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe U.S. strategic community views China’s Polar Silk Road Initiative as a geopolitical maneuver, linking China’s Arctic activities with goals of geopolitical control, resource plundering, security threats, and potential debt traps. In response, the U.S. strategic community emphasizes containment and hedging, using diplomatic, military, and economic measures to limit China’s presence while selectively cooperating in areas such as climate research and environmental protection. However, China’s activities focus on multilateral governance, sustainable economic cooperation, and scientific research, challenging the prevailing perceptions held by the U.S. strategic community. The U.S. strategic community’s negative perceptions of the Polar Silk Road Initiative have constrained China’s diplomatic discourse power, security stance, and economic activities in the Arctic, complicating its regional partnerships. To address these challenges, China could reinforce its contributions to Arctic governance through multilateral cooperation, particularly in climate monitoring, environmental protection, and clean energy initiatives. By engaging in joint research, academic exchanges, and corporate collaboration, China could foster greater understanding and mitigate skepticism from the U.S. and other Arctic countries, thereby strengthening the basis of cooperation and stability in Arctic governance.
Betaine increases intramuscular fat deposition by promoting the cell cycle via a manner involving NADPH/FTO/m6A signaling
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Yang Tongyudan , Liu Yuxi , Liu Youhua , Zhu Yidan , Huang Chaoqun , Wang Xinxia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is a critical indicator of meat quality in livestock production and possesses significant medical relevance for human health. Betaine, a naturally occurring alkaloid compound, holds considerable potential as a nutritional approach for regulating intramuscular adipogenesis, while its exact efficacy and underlying mechanisms still remain subjects of ongoing debate and investigation. Here, we clarified the enhancing effect of betaine on IMF deposition using porcine, murine, and cellular models. Mechanistically, betaine supplementation leads to a significant increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) concentration in the liver, serum, and skeletal muscle. Elevated levels of NADPH upregulate the expression of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), a well-established N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase, to diminish m6A modification in skeletal muscle and IMF deposition. This process effectively promotes the mitotic clonal expansion and subsequently intramuscular adipogenesis. In summary, our findings expand current understanding of the regulatory role of betaine in IMF deposition and sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying its modulation, which is conducive to producing high-quality and healthful pork.
Students Participating as Ambassadors for Research in Kentucky (SPARK): A health equity undergraduate research training program
Authors: Arthur Ariel A. , deLacerda Allen Rebecca L. , Sesenu Fidelis Y. , Groznik Maxwell A. , Oser Carrie B. , Moore Justin X. , Thompson Jessica R. , James Alexis N. , Dunfee Madeline N. , Kern Philip A. , Schoenberg Nancy E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Students Participating as Ambassadors for Research in Kentucky (SPARK) program provides novel health equity research training and targeted mentorship for undergraduates, particularly those from groups underrepresented in the biomedical and behavioral research and workforce. SPARK aims to address inadequate diversity in the medical and scientific research fields by providing comprehensive research mentorship and skill-building. Unlike most existing research training programs that are brief, focus on laboratory research, or are limited to graduate students and junior faculty, SPARK delivers a 16-month intensive behavioral and population health science training, equipping students with needed tools to conceptualize, plan, execute, and analyze their own health equity research study. Trainees complete didactic coursework on health equity, study design and proposal development, data analysis, and ethics. Students receive a stipend and research expenses, and multiple mentors guide them in creating original research projects for which they serve as Principal Investigator. Students disseminate their findings annually at an academic research conference as a capstone. Evaluation data from the first three cohorts suggest SPARK has been pivotal in preparing students for graduate studies and research careers in health equity and behavioral and population health sciences, providing strong support for further investments in similar undergraduate research training models.
Organizational readiness and implementation of colorectal cancer screening evidence-based interventions in federally qualified health centers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dias Emanuelle M. , Walker Timothy J. , Balasubramanian Bijal A. , Cuccaro Paula M. , Workman Lauren , Wandersman Abraham , Fernandez Maria E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Evidence-based interventions (EBIs) exist to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, but implementation remains slow in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs). Assessing organizational readiness can improve EBI implementation outcomes, but no studies have quantitatively examined the relation between organizational readiness subcomponents and implementation outcomes. This study examines associations between readiness subcomponents and CRC screening EBI implementation outcomes in FQHCs.

Methods:
We used data from an ongoing parent study to develop an organizational readiness measure using the R = MC2 heuristic. We conducted descriptive and cross-sectional analyses using FQHC clinic (n = 57) data across three states. A clinic contact completed a survey about clinic characteristics and then distributed an EBI-specific survey to clinic staff containing readiness and implementation questions about Community Guide EBIs (e.g., patient reminders). Pearson correlations assessed bivariate associations between readiness variables and implementation outcomes. We then computed multivariable linear associations between readiness variables and implementation outcomes while controlling for clinic-level variables. One-way analysis of variance tested group differences in readiness subcomponent mean scores using EBI implementation responses.

Results:
Respondents’ most common job type was medical assistant, and the most frequently implemented EBIs were provider or patient reminders. Organizational structure was associated with implementing patient reminders. Clinics reporting inconsistent implementation had lower organizational structure scores than clinics planning or fully implementing patient reminders.

Conclusion:
This study guides researchers in prioritizing organizational structure and selecting specific implementation strategies to improve this construct to implement CRC screening-related EBIs. Future research should examine these associations using a larger sample size to explore additional relations between organizational readiness and implementation outcomes.
Assessing and upgrading the cleanliness of the emergency department
Authors: Levine Elisheva , Abo-Gush Samar , Ezagui Bath Sheva , David Ruth , Kopuit Puah , Bagrish Naama , Zalut Todd , Assous Marc V. , Freier-Dror Yossi , Yinnon Amos M. , Benenson Shmuel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjective:To upgrade cleaning and disinfection of patient rooms in a crowded emergency department (ED).Setting:Tertiary referral hospital.Design:Prospective, 3-component, before-and-after intervention study.Methods:Phase 1 consisted of a 4-week baseline determination of ED patient-room cleanliness, using two means: (1) the fluorescence spray, applied before cleaning and assessed subsequently with an ultraviolet lamp. Results are expressed as % of removed spots/all spots (≥7/10 cleaned spots/room was considered clean; (2) ATP swabs obtained after cleaning, which test for presence of residual organic material; readings <45 were considered clean. Phase 2 consisted of revision and reorganization of established cleaning practices. Phase 3 consisted of adding one cleaning person in afternoon/evening shifts, for 4-weeks, during which room cleanliness was assessed as previously described.Results:Cleanliness of the 79 patient rooms, for which fluorescence tests were available from before and after cleaning for all three phases of the study, increased from a baseline of 50% ± 35 removed spots/all spots, to 61% ± 36 after the first intervention (CI95 -0.6 – 21, P = 0.54) and to 68% ± 35 after the second intervention (CI95 5 - 31, P = 0.004, as compared to the baseline). Subanalysis showed that evening shifts improved most remarkably, from 47% ± 32 (n = 45), to 60% ± 33 (n = 49) to 76%±29 (n = 29), respectively, from baseline through the second and third phase (P = 0.001). ATP testing appeared less sensitive for assessment of cleanliness but confirmed the assessment by fluorescence for overall cleanliness (CI95 1 - 14, P = 0.018).Conclusions:Our data demonstrate that a two-step intervention significantly improves cleaning in a busy ED.
Risk and protective factors for cannabis use in adolescence: a population-based survey in schools
Authors: O’Dowd Teresa M. , Fleury Ronan , Power Emmet , Dooley Niamh , Quinn Laura , Petropoulos Stephen , Healy Colm , Smyth Bobby , Cannon Mary 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance in Ireland and globally. It is most likely to be used in adolescence, a period of biopsychosocial vulnerability to maladaptive behaviours. This study aims to investigate the risk and protective factors for cannabis use among adolescents.

Methods:
This study is a secondary analysis of the cross-sectional Planet Youth survey (2021). The sample comprised 4,404 adolescents aged 15–16 from one urban and two rural areas in Ireland. The outcome of interest was current cannabis use, defined as cannabis use within the last 30 days. Independent variables i.e., risk and protective factors, were selected a priori following a literature review. Associations between cannabis use and the independent variables were explored using mixed-effects logistic regressions.

Results:
The prevalence of current cannabis use was 7.3% and did not differ significantly between males and females. In fully-adjusted models, significant risk factors for cannabis use were: Having peers that used cannabis (Adjusted Odds Ration (aOR) 10.17, 95% CI: 5.96–17.35); Parental ambivalence towards cannabis use (aOR 3.69, 95% CI: 2.41–5.66); Perception of cannabis as non-harmful (aOR 2.32,95% CI 1.56–£.45): Other substance use (aORs ranging from 2-67–3.15); Peer pressure to use cannabis (aOR 1.85,95% CI 1.05–3.26), and Low parental supervision (aOR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.22).

Conclusions:
This study identified key individual, peer-to-peer and parental risk factors associated with adolescent cannabis use, several of which have the potential to be modified through drug prevention strategies.
Heating reduction with shock control for a V-shaped blunt leading edge
Authors: Zhang Tao , Rao Luoyu , Zhang Xuhui , Shi Chongguang , Zhu Chengxiang , You Yancheng 
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the heating issue associated with a V-shaped blunt leading edge (VBLE) in a hypersonic flow. The heat flux generation on the VBLE is highly correlated with the shock interaction configurations in the crotch region, determined by the relative position of the triple point T and the curved shock (CS). The primary Mach reflection (MR), accompanied by a series of secondary shock–shock interactions and shock wave–boundary layer interactions, can produce extremely high heating peaks on the crotch. To configure the shock wave structures and reduce the heat flux, a shock-controllable design approach is developed based on the simplified continuity method. The strategy involves the inverse design of the crotch sweep path, according to the location of the triple point and the contour of the CS. The comparisons between the pre-designed shock configurations and the numerical results demonstrate the reliability of the design approach across various free stream Mach numbers ranging from 6 to 10. A VBLE model designed with the shock configuration of regular reflection from the same family (sRR) at a free stream Mach number of 8 is examined. Under the design conditions, the outermost heat flux peak is reduced by 80 % compared with the baseline case. The heating reduction capabilities of the model under varying free stream Mach numbers and sideslip angles are also evaluated, confirming its robustness under undesigned operating scenarios.
Enhanced detection and identification of satellites using an all-sky multi-frequency survey with prototype SKA-Low stations
Authors: Grigg Dylan , Tingay Steven , Prabu Steve , Sokolowski Marcin , Indermuehle Balthasar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With the low Earth orbit environment becoming increasingly populated with artificial satellites, rockets, and debris, it is important to understand the effects they have on radio astronomy. In this work, we undertake a multi-frequency, multi-epoch survey with two SKA-Low station prototypes located at the SKA-Low site, to identify and characterise radio frequency emission from orbiting objects and consider their impact on radio astronomy observations. We identified 152 unique satellites across multiple passes in low and medium Earth orbits from 1.6 million full-sky images across 13 selected

${\approx}1$

MHz frequency bands in the SKA-Low frequency range, acquired over almost 20 days of data collection. Our algorithms significantly reduce the rate of satellite misidentification, compared to previous work, validated through simulations to be

$ \lt 1\%$

. Notably, multiple satellites were detected transmitting unintended electromagnetic radiation, as well as several decommissioned satellites likely transmitting when the Sun illuminates their solar panels. We test alternative methods of processing data, which will be deployed for a larger, more systematic survey at SKA-Low frequencies in the near future. The current work establishes a baseline for monitoring satellite transmissions, which will be repeated in future years to assess their evolving impact on radio astronomy observations.
U-Pb ages and Hf isotope data from detrital zircons in the metasedimentary rocks of the Mongolian Altai Group, Mongolian part of the Altai-Mongolian Terrane: implications on the provenance and tectonic setting
Authors: Batkhuyag Enkhdalai , Tserendash Narantsetseg , Tumen-Ulzii Oyunchimeg , Tong Ying , Lei Guo , Khurelbaatar Udaanjargal , Garvaa Batzorig 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present the new results of the U–Pb age dating and Lu-Hf isotopic analysis of detrital zircons of the four representative metasedimentary rock samples from the Mongol Altai Group, Mongolian part of the Altai-Mongolian terrane. Our new results indicate that the metasedimentary rocks of the Mongol Altai Group were formed after ∼497 Ma, Late Cambrian and deposited during the Early-Middle Ordovician. The detrital zircons of four samples yield a two major age peaks at 503–517 Ma, and 775–843 Ma, respectively, with minor involvement of older zircons. The nearby Lake Zone of Ikh-Mongol Arc most likely provided plenty of Early Paleozoic materials, the subdominant Neoproterozoic detrital zircons could be supplied by the felsic intrusions along the western margin of the Tuva-Mongol microcontinent, and the sparse older zircons may be derived from its basement. With combination of previous studies in the Chinese Altai, Russian Altai and Hovd terrane, our data suggest that the Altai–Mongolian terrane possibly represents a coherent continental arc-accretionary prism system built upon the active margin of the western Mongolia during the Cambrian to Ordovician. Moreover, the dominant Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic detrital zircons from the Mongol Altai sequence yield largely varied εHf(t) values from −17.4 to +12.0, indicating that input juvenile material and reworking of crustal components are both important in the accretionary orogenesis. A compilation of U–Pb and Hf isotope data of detrital zircons shows that the source area underwent two most extensive magmatic activities at ca. 470–574 Ma and 687–967 Ma, respectively.
Working Life, Industrial Loyalty, and Environmental Degradation in Small-Town Finland, 1950s–1980s
Authors: Sahrakorpi Tiia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article analyses industrial working-class life narratives of the 1950s to 1980s, during a time of increasing air and water pollution in Imatra, a Finnish industrial pulp and paper mill town. Many residents worked for either Enso-Gutzeit, not only the largest local employer but also Europe’s largest pulp and paper mill, or the hydropower plant, in a variety of maintenance and production roles. Using oral histories concerning working life, the article considers the sensory experiences of pollution that individuals and communities witnessed and committed. In order to protect their community, silence was used as a form of nonverbal communication for much of the post-war period to convey tolerance of environmental degradation and ecological collapse. The impacts of pollution are invisible today, which creates a unique oral history that blends past and present environmental knowledge. Informants use silences, sentences lacking subjects, laughter to communicate nonverbal embarrassment, and repetitions to share thoughts they find uncomfortable or those they consider shameful. As a microhistory of an industrial community, this study reveals how and why residents performed an acceptance of pollution by examining the at times contradictory relationship between sensory experiences of air and water pollution.
Coconstruire autrement avec des personnes aînées grâce à la science-fiction: nouveaux regards sur la recherche en robotique d’assistance sociale
Authors: Lacroix Isabelle , Levasseur Mélanie , Michaud François , Lussier-Therrien Marika 
Published: December 2024

Résumé
Cette note de recherche vise à présenter comment la science-fiction fut utilisée dans un projet de recherche pour coconstruire une vision commune de la robotique sociale favorisant la participation sociale des personnes aînées. Une recherche-action a été réalisée à l’aide de deux forums d’informateurs-clés regroupant des personnes aînées animés à partir d’extraits d’œuvres cinématographiques de science-fiction dans le but de stimuler leur réflexion. Une analyse de contenu thématique de ces forums a permis de mettre en évidence la contribution de l’usage de la science-fiction dans le cadre de cette démarche de recherche. Trois contributions complémentaires de la science-fiction ont été identifiées, soit 1) les illustrations; 2) les comparaisons et 3) le déclenchement de réflexions.