bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolving the Formation of Cold H i Filaments in the High-velocity Cloud Complex C
Authors: Marchal Antoine , Martin Peter G. , Gong 龚 Munan 慕 南 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The physical properties of galactic halo gas have a profound impact on the life cycle of galaxies. As gas travels through a galactic halo, it undergoes dynamical interactions, influencing its impact on star formation and the chemical evolution of the galactic disk. In the Milky Way halo, considerable effort has been made to understand the spatial distribution of neutral gas, which is mostly in the form of large complexes. However, the internal variations of their physical properties remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the thermal and dynamical state of the neutral gas in high-velocity clouds. High-resolution observations (1.′1) of the 21 cm line emission in the EN field of the DHIGLS H i survey are used to analyze the physical properties of the bright concentration CIB located at an edge of a large HVC complex, complex C. We use the Gaussian decomposition code ROHSA to model the multiphase content of CIB and perform a power spectrum analysis to analyze its multiscale structure. The physical properties of some 200 structures extracted using dendrograms are examined. Each phase exhibits different thermal and turbulent properties. We identify two distinct regions, one of which has a prominent protrusion extending from the edge of complex C that exhibits an ongoing phase transition from warm diffuse gas to cold dense gas and filaments. The scale at which the warm gas becomes unstable and undergoes thermal condensation is about 15 pc, corresponding to a cooling time of about 1.5 Myr. Our study characterizes the statistical properties of turbulence in the fluid of an HVC for the first time. We find that a transition from subsonic to transonic turbulence is associated with the thermal condensation, going from large to small scales. A large-scale perspective of complex C suggests that hydrodynamic instabilities are involved in creating the structured concentration CIB and the phase transition therein. However, the details of the dynamical and thermal processes remain unclear and will require further investigation through both observations and numerical simulations.
GRB 101225A as Orphan Dipole Radiation of a Newborn Magnetar with Precession Rotation in an Off-axis Gamma-ray Burst
Authors: Zou Le , Zheng Tian-Ci , Yang Xing , Zhang Hai-ming , Li Xiao-Yan , Ren Jia , Lin Da-Bin , Liang En-Wei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The unusual multiwavelength lightcurves of GRB 101225A are revisited by assuming that they are from an off-axis GRB powered by a newborn magnetar. We show that GRB 101225A’s optical afterglow lightcurve is fitted with the forward shock model by parameterizing its jet structure as a Gaussian function with a half-opening angle of the jet core as 1.°67. The derived initial Lorentz factor (Γ0) is 120, and the viewing angle to the jet axis is θ

v
= 3.°7. Tentative QPO signatures of P = 488 s and P = 250 ∼ 300 s are found with a confidence level of 90% by analyzing its X-ray flares observed in the time interval of [4900, 7500] s. Its global gamma-ray/X-ray lightcurve and the QPO signatures are represented with the magnetar dipole radiation (DR) model by considering the magnetar precession motion, assuming that the magnetar spindown is dominated by GW emission. The bulk Lorentz factor of the DR ejecta is limited to 8, being much lower than Γ0. Comparing GRB 101225A with the extremely off-axis GRB 170817A, we suspect that the nature of the two-component jet in GRB 170817A is a combination of a co-axial GRB jet and a DR ejecta. GRB 101225A would be among the brightest ones of the CDF-S XT2-like X-ray transient population driven by newborn magnetars. A discussion of the detectability of its gravitational wave emission is also presented.
The Fleming Survey: High-cadence Survey for Variable Stars in the Northern Galactic Plane
Authors: Scholz Aleks , Warwick Ben , van Aalten Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We present first results from the Fleming Survey, a high-cadence search for variable stars in the northern Galactic Plane, conducted with the James Gregory Telescope in St Andrews (UK). After observing twelve fields, each over a timespan of 3–5 hr and with a cadence of 1 min, we identify 8 variable stars with clear periodic flux modulation in our lightcurves. Two of these are deemed to be δ Scuti pulsators, five are most likely eclipsing binaries. For most of our discoveries, the variability is known in the literature, but the exact period and shape of the lightcurve is not. This mini-survey demonstrates that high-cadence observations with small telescopes are a useful complement to ongoing and planned massive variability surveys.
Polyphenols content of selected medical plants and food supplements present at Bulgarian market
Authors: Koleva Petya , Tsanova-Savova Silvia , Paneva Slaveyka , Velikov Stefan , Savova Zaharina 
Published: October 2021

Background: Medicinal plants are a rich source of antioxidant polyphenols and in particular flavonoids.
Materials and methods: In the present study 5 Bulgarian medical plants and 5 food supplements, present at the Bulgarian market, are analyzed for their Total phenolic, Total flavonoids and selected individual flavonoids content. A HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and rutin in plant and supplements, using PDA detection.
Results: The results show that polyphenols in the selected food supplements are lower than those of the medical plants analyzed. Mentha piperita and Melissa officinalis have the highest polyphenols content (67.38 and 65.17 mg GAE/g; 54.59 and 57.76 mg RE/g respectively). Rutin was detected in all samples analyzed, reaching highest levels in Mentha piperita (7332.5 µg/g), followed by fruits of Sambucus nigra (2818.7 µg/g).
Conclusion: The results of the study are a practical contribution to a more complete characterization of the polyphenolic composition in Bulgarian medicinal plants.
ROBERT GROSSETESTE: A MEDIEVAL THINKER WITH A LEGACY FOR MODERN SCIENCE
Authors: Tanner Brian K. 
Published: October 2021

Robert Grosseteste (ca. 1170-1253) was one of the first scholars to embed the newly rediscovered ideas of Aristotle into medieval natural philosophy. In a series of short scientific treatises written between about 1215 and 1230 he focused on explaining why, rather than how, the natural world behaves as it does. He adopted a principle of subalternation in which complex phenomena could be understood in terms of simpler underlying behaviour that could be tested by observation. For example, he explained the features of the rainbow in terms of optics, which in turn could be explained by geometry. Grosseteste’s “Big Bang” theory of the formation of the universe, based on the expansion of light from a point, is founded on the need to explain the stability of solid matter. Although surviving manuscripts do contain almost no diagrams, it is evident that he thought both mathematically and pictorially in developing a unified model of natural phenomena. In a unique interdisciplinary collaboration between historians, philosophers, palaeographers, linguists, artists and scientists (www.ordered-universe.com) we have shown how detailed examination of Grosseteste’s science can stimulate both new contemporary scientific research and artistic creativity.
Patient Awareness about Dental Implants and Satisfaction with Conventional Complete Dentures Fabricated by Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students
Authors: Sunny Greeshma , Chowdhary Ramesh , Mishra Sunil Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Dental undergraduate students and postgraduates do learn conventional denture making as their curriculum but previous studies have found that the final-year undergraduate students lack the confidence which is required in treating completely edentulous patients. This pilot questionnaire survey was done to evaluate patient awareness about dental implants and satisfaction with conventional complete dentures fabricated by undergraduate and postgraduate students in the department of prosthodontics.

Materials and Methods:
The study was carried out on thirty patients who received complete maxillary and mandibular denture. These 30 patients were divided into two groups, each group consisting of 15 patients on the basis if the denture was fabricated by a postgraduate or undergraduate student. After using the denture for a period of 3 months, the patients rated the functioning of the dentures using the questionnaire survey. The patient was also asked about the knowledge about the implant and their willingness to go for the implant treatment.

Results:
Patient satisfaction was significantly higher amongst the patients who received complete denture fabricated by postgraduate students as compared to undergraduate students, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for six of the seven questions. Most of the patients were not aware of the dental implants, and the cost of the implant is a major factor for not going for implant treatment.

Conclusion:
The pilot study showed that the patients who received complete denture delivered by the undergraduates were not satisfied with the fit, masticatory efficiency and encountered falling of denture while talking and eating. In contrast, the patients who received complete denture delivered by the postgraduate students were happy with the fit and masticatory efficiency. The present survey found that there is a lack of awareness about implants in patients, and the cost factor is a major hurdle in patients for not taking implants as a treatment option.
Comparison of clinical methods to diagnose pediatric endobronchial intubation—A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Selvaraj Sathishkumar , Elakkumanan Lenin Babu , Balachandar Hemavathy 
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:Diagnosing accurate placement of the tip of the endotracheal tube is crucial in pediatric practice. This study was conducted to find out the efficacy of five clinical methods to ascertain the tube position by a resident anesthesiologist.Material and Methods:This was a randomized crossover study conducted in a research institute. Fifty pediatric patients were enrolled. All patients were randomly allocated to tracheal (group T) or bronchial group (group B). The five clinical methods which were evaluated include the auscultation, observation of chest movements, bag compliance, tube depth, and capnography. In group T, the tube was placed in the trachea and later positioned in bronchus (assisted by fiberoptic bronchoscopy). The vice versa was done in group B. In each position, a single test followed by all tests was performed and after the change of position, the same single test followed by all tests was performed. Correct and incorrect diagnoses by tests in detecting tube positions were made and their sensitivity and odds ratio were estimated.Results:The tube depth and combination of all tests detected endobronchial intubation with a sensitivity of 88% and 97%, respectively, which is more than that of auscultation (70%) and observation (55%). Evaluation of the difference in agreement level of tube depth to detect tube-position showed the odds ratio of 2.28 (0.17–30.95) for detecting endobronchial intubation.Conclusion:We observed that the tube-depth was better than the other individual tests in diagnosing endobronchial intubation in pediatric patients. However, its efficacy is lesser than that of performing all clinical tests together.
Efficacy of Baska mask as an alternative airway device to endotracheal tube in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under controlled ventilation
Authors: Tosh Pulak , Kumar Ravi B. , Sahay Nishant , Suman Saurabh , Bhadani Umesh K. 
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:Newer supraglottic devices with an additional gastric channel offer greater protection from aspiration and avoidance of laryngoscopy for their insertion would result in attenuated hemodynamic responses. The primary objective was to assess hemodynamic responses to insertion of Baska mask as compared to tracheal intubation. The time and attempts taken to secure airway and evidence of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents were also assessed.Material and Methods:This prospective, randomized study was conducted in 80 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All patients received standardized anaesthesia protocol. Baska mask was used to secure airway in Group B, while tracheal intubation was done in group T. Methylene blue was injected through Ryle's tube into stomach in both groups. At end of surgery, fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed to detect bluish staining of trachea and/or main bronchi as evidence of aspiration of gastric contents and bluish staining in oropharynx as evidence of regurgitation. Chi-square test and Independent sample t-test were applied.Results:The time taken to secure airway was significantly longer in Group B as compared to Group T (45.3 ± 12.6 vs. 24.3 ± 9.1 sec) Percentage of patients who had oropharyngeal blue stain was comparable in both groups. No patient in both groups had tracheal blue stain. Group T had significantly higher HR and MAP after intubation till 10 min later.Conclusion:Baska mask insertion was associated with attenuated hemodynamic responses, though more time and attempts were required for securing the airway. It could be considered as an alternative to tracheal intubation during laparoscopic surgeries.
Factors affecting remission to salvage chemotherapy with Etoposide-Cisplatin/Etoposide-Methotrexate-Actinomycin D (EP-EMA regimen) among chemoresistant high-risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia patients admitted in a tertiary institution
Authors: Pastoriza-Alcaraz Noreen R. , Soriano-Estrella Agnes L. 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:
Approximately 20%–25% of high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients initially treated with first-line chemotherapy regimen develop resistance to the regimen. The EP-EMA (Etoposide-cisplatin and etoposide, methotrexate and actinomycin D) regimen is the most commonly utilized second-line agent.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to identify factors leading to remission using etoposide and cisplatin-etoposide, methotrexate, and Actinomycin D (EP-EMA) as salvage chemotherapy among resistant high-risk GTN.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective descriptive study that reviewed the medical records of patients admitted in the section of trophoblastic diseases diagnosed with high-risk GTN from January 2006 to December 2015.

RESULTS:
The medical records of 20 patients were retrieved and reviewed. The complete remission rate with EP-EMA is 60% (12/20). The overall survival rate for 1 year is 70% (14/20). Only 20% of the patients went home against advice and did not complete treatment. This regimen reported toxicities ranging from Grade 2–4 myelosuppression and electrolyte imbalance. Forty-five percent had Grade 4 neutropenia and Grade 2 anemia and 20% had Grade 2 thrombocytopenia. Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia were noted in 8 patients (40%). Although not statistically significant, a trend showed that those in the remission group mostly had Stage III diseases with metastasis only in the lungs, prognostic score of between 7 and 12, and with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels <10,000 mIu/ml at the start of EP-EMA treatment.

CONCLUSION:
There is an improved response with EP-EMA chemotherapy across the years in our institution. Factors such as stage of disease, pulmonary metastasis, and low β-hCG at the start EP-EMA chemotherapy denote a possible good response and may contribute to patients' complete remission with EP-EMA chemotherapy. However, further studies with larger patient sample size are recommended to support the latter.
Consumo de psicoativos lícitos durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Galloni Letícia , de Freitas Lucas Rodrigueiro , Vieira Gonzaga Rodrigo 
Published: October 2021

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise comportamental da utilização de psicoativos lícitos durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma busca bibliográfica de materiais disponíveis em meio eletrônicos de diversas bases de dados renomadas: Elsevier, Google Scholar, Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde – LILACS, Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina do Instituto Nacional de Saúde dos Estados Unidos (PubMed Central – PMC) e Scielo. Foram selecionados 39 materiais, considerando o fator de impacto das publicações. Resultados: A maioria dos estudos selecionados apresentaram mudanças nos padrões de utilização de substâncias psicoativas. Só no Brasil houve um aumento de 13,1% no consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, já o número de cigarros diários consumidos por tabagistas aumentou aproximadamente 34%, sem contabilizar outras formas de consumo de tabaco e seus derivados. O consumo de benzodiazepínicos subiu 12,7% no último ano e houve um crescimento de quase 14% na comercialização de antidepressivos e estabilizadores de humor. Conclusão: Em análise, foi possível estabelecer uma relação entre ou aumento do consumo de substâncias psicotrópicas e o impacto à saúde mental gerado pela pandemia da Covid-19, que é devido em grande parte ao isolamento social, as grandes mudanças na rotina e no perfil econômico de grande parte da população o que afetou negativamente a saúde mental, um dos pilares da saúde humana derrubado nesse período gerando grande alteração no consumo de medicamentos psicotrópicos, álcool e tabaco. Portanto, atualmente temos um grande problema de saúde pública que pode perdurar durante muito tempo e levar a outros problemas de saúde, sendo assim, são necessárias intervenções dos órgãos governamentais de orientação e promoção à saúde. O presente artigo demonstra a necessidade de novos estudos e relatos capazes de elucidar de maneira consistente o rumo dessa problemática, entretanto, consegue exercer um auxílio significativo nas ações de combate à situação.
SEXUALIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO: UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE ALUNOS SURDOS E NÃO SURDOS
Authors: De Oliveira Henrique Victor Hugo , De Jesus Freitas Alex Sandro Henrique , Lopes Hardoim Edna 
Published: October 2021

Diferente dos alunos ouvintes, as dúvidas sobre sexualidade de alunos surdos não são esclarecidas em uma palestra e nem em sala de aula. Objetivando conhecer a concepção de sexualidade de alunos surdos e não surdos e saber como a expressam, foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada usando recursos visuais, com os alunos do 3º Ano do EM do Programa EJA no CEAADA e de uma Escola Municipal. Os dados evidenciam que o preservativo é o método contraceptivo mais utilizado por ambos os grupos entrevistados. Entre os alunos surdos não há um diálogo muito amplo sobre sexualidade com a família, diferente dos alunos surdos, a maioria respondeu que o diálogo é mais amplo com o parceiro/a. Quanto a realização de atividades na escola, entre os alunos surdos é unânime a necessidade de aulas de educação sexual, e entre os alunos não surdos, uma minoria foi contrária a ideia. Para a maioria dos alunos surdos a sexualidade está relacionada com o ato de fazer sexo, evidenciando a importância de atividades sobre a temática sexualidade, para esclarecer realmente o que compõe a sexualidade. Foi possível evidenciar que os surdos conseguem vivenciar sua sexualidade como qualquer outro indivíduo não surdo.
GÊNERO E AUTOMUTILAÇÃO NA ESCOLA BÁSICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Dionísio Juliana Soares , De Queiroz Paulo Pires 
Published: October 2021

ResumoEm meio ao intenso debate da atualidade sobre gênero e educação, surge a demanda de uma escola de ensino fundamental, situada em uma área de extrema miserabilidade e violência: a automutilação entre adolescentes vítimas de abuso sexual. A despeito desta realidade, o sistema educacional permanece ancorado em uma estrutura ‘escolarizatória’, que pouco vislumbra os demais aspectos da vida de seu alunado. Com base nesta premissa, este trabalho objetivou analisar as possíveis correlações entre as relações de gênero e episódios de automutilação identificados entre adolescentes que compõem esta comunidade escolar. Para tanto, foram realizadas rodas de conversa semanais, com 10 jovens- com idades entre 11 e 15 anos, além de 3 profissionais da educação. Utilizamos ainda como instrumento metodológico, a observação livre e o registro em caderno de campo. Através da articulação e análise dos dados coletados, observamos que as relações de gênero estariam a funcionar como o arcabouço no qual toda a estrutura de violência se erige. A falta de estrutura e preparo dos espaços e agentes públicos, estaria a fomentar o desenvolvimento do autoflagelamento como alternativa de expurgo das dores psíquicas. Neste cenário, entendemos a necessidade de repensar a educação em gênero e desconstruir paradigmas fundamentados em valores patriarcais hegemônicos. Abstract Amid the current intense debate on gender and education, there is a demand for a primary school located in an area of extreme misery and violence: self-mutilation among adolescents who are victims of sexual abuse. In spite of this reality, the educational system remains anchored in a school structure, that little glimpses the other aspects of the life of its pupil. Based on this premise, this study aimed to analyze the possible correlations between gender relations and episodes of self - mutilation identified among adolescents that make up this school community. For that, weekly talk wheels were held, with 10 young people - aged between 11 and 15 years old, as well as 3 education professionals. We also used as a methodological tool, free observation and registration in a field book. Through the articulation and analysis of the collected data, we observed that gender relations would be functioning as the framework in which the entire structure of violence is erected. The lack of structure and preparation of spaces and public agents, would be encouraging the development of self-flagellation as an alternative to purge psychic pain. In this scenario, we understand the need to rethink education in gender and deconstruct paradigms based on hegemonic patriarchal values.
Rendimento acadêmico no Ensino Superior: variáveis pessoais e socioculturais do estudante
Authors: CASIRAGHI BRUNA , Almeida Leandro da Silva , Boruchovitch Evely , ARAGAO JULIO CESAR SOARES 
Published: October 2021

O rendimento acadêmico (RA) se configura como a forma de mensurar o aprendizado ao longo da formação e é determinado por fatores relacionados ao discente, às instituições de ensino e aos docentes, sendo comumente utilizado como critério de avaliação do sucesso acadêmico. A presente investigação objetiva avaliar os fatores relacionados ao RA de estudantes do Ensino Superior e se configura como estudo censitário, realizado em uma Instituição privada de Ensino Superior brasileira. Diversas informações foram coletadas, por meio de formulário eletrônico, junto dos estudantes: opção de curso e instituição, cursos, idade, sexo, período cursado, grau de instrução de pai e mãe, renda familiar mensal e autopercepção do RA. Dados relativos ao RA foram obtidos no banco de dados institucional, considerando o Coeficiente de Rendimento, estimado pela média de todas as notas finais obtidas pelo aluno em todas disciplinas cursadas. Participaram 264 estudantes de 19 cursos, com média de idades de 22,25 (DP=5,57) anos, sendo 166 (62.9%) do sexo feminino. A variação de RA foi significativa em relação às áreas de conhecimento, sexo, faixa etária e autopercepção do rendimento. Não foi significativa quanto ao grau de instrução de pai e mãe, quando segmentados em todos os níveis, entretanto, a escolaridade da mãe torna-se relevante quando estratificada a partir dos oito primeiros anos de escolaridade. Os resultados permitem inferir que os alunos possuem uma correta percepção de seu RA e que a construção deste rendimento é multifatorial. Considerações e implicações para a prática são tecidas com base nos resultados.