bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Qihe , Wang Huanhuan , Zhao Qin , Zhang Yuyu , Zheng Zhuangzhuang , Liu Shiyu , Liu Zijing , Meng Lingbin , Xin Ying , Jiang Xin 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe survival rate of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is correlated with several factors. However, the independent prognostic factors of patients with LSCC remain unclear. Thus, we sought to identify prognostic factors affecting LSCC outcomes in the Chinese population.MethodsThe survival and potential prognostic factors of 211 patients with LSCC between April 2011 and July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were estimated by the Kaplan Meier method, and a log-rank test was used to compare the possible prognostic factors between different groups. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to perform multivariable analysis of significant covariants.ResultsA total of 211 LSCC patients were included, of which 164 (77.7%) were male and 47 (22.3%) were female. Mean age was 62.19 ± 8.328 years. A univariate analysis showed that seven factors including pathological differentiation, clinical stage, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, T stage, N stage, and concurrent chemoradiotherapy were correlated with survival (P&lt;0.05). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses revealed that clinic stage (hazard ratio=3.100, p=0.048), pathological differentiation (hazard ratio = 2.538, p=0.015), alcohol consumption (hazard ratio = 8.456, p =0.004) were associated with OS in LSCC. Pathological differentiation (hazard ratio =5.677, p=0.000), alcohol consumption (hazard ratio =6.766, p=0.000) were associated with PFS in LSCC.ConclusionsPathological differentiation, alcohol consumption, are independent prognostic factors and predictors of recurrence in LSCC. These factors could help inform guidelines for clinical treatment and prognosis.
Prognostic Model to Predict Overall Survival for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Chemotherapy Combined With Concurrent Radiation Therapy to the Primary Tumor: Analysis From Two Prospective Studies
Authors: Liu Ling-Feng , Li Qing-Song , Hu Yin-Xiang , Yang Wen-Gang , Chen Xia-Xia , Ma Zhu , OuYang Wei-Wei , Geng Yi-Chao , Hu Cheng , Su Sheng-Fa , Lu Bing 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe role of radiotherapy, in addition to chemotherapy, has not been thoroughly determined in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of the study was to investigate the prognostic factors and to establish a model for the prediction of overall survival (OS) in metastatic NSCLC patients who received chemotherapy combined with the radiation therapy to the primary tumor.MethodsThe study retrospectively reviewed 243 patients with metastatic NSCLC in two prospective studies. A prognostic model was established based on the results of the Cox regression analysis.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that being male, Karnofsky Performance Status score &lt; 80, the number of chemotherapy cycles &lt;4, hemoglobin level ≤120 g/L, the count of neutrophils greater than 5.8 ×109/L, and the count of platelets greater than 220 ×109/L independently predicted worse OS. According to the number of risk factors, patients were further divided into one of three risk groups: those having ≤ 2 risk factors were scored as the low-risk group, those having 3 risk factors were scored as the moderate-risk group, and those having ≥ 4 risk factors were scored as the high-risk group. In the low-risk group, 1-year OS is 67.7%, 2-year OS is 32.1%, and 3-year OS is 19.3%; in the moderate-risk group, 1-year OS is 59.6%, 2-year OS is 18.0%, and 3-year OS is 7.9%; the corresponding OS rates for the high-risk group were 26.2%, 7.9%, and 0% (P&lt;0.001) respectively.ConclusionMetastatic NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy in combination with thoracic radiation may be classified as low-risk, moderate-risk, or high-risk group using six independent prognostic factors. This prognostic model may help design the study and develop the plans of individualized treatment.
Comparison of PICU Cost and Severity-Adjusted Cost Between Patients With SIRS-Defined Sepsis and Those With Age-Adapted SOFA-Defined Sepsis
Authors: Zhang Xuepeng , Sun Kaibo , Lu Guoyan , Feng Liwei , Chen Siyuan , Ji Yi 
Published: February 2021

Background: The 2005 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus definition is considered to lack specificity and may lead to the admission of low-risk patients to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The aim of this study was to compare the PICU cost and the severity-adjusted cost between patients with sepsis defined by the 2005 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus and those diagnosed using the age-adapted Sepsis-3 criteria.Methods: Septic children identified by the 2005 Consensus were screened for enrollment. The enrolled children were stratified into two subgroups using the age-adapted Sepsis 3.0 definition. A comparison was made between the subgroups of sepsis 3.0-defined children and non-sepsis 3.0-defined septic children. The Severity Adjusted ICU Cost (SAIC) was used to evaluate the case-mixed severity-adjusted costs of the study population. Coefficients in linear regression analyses in subgroups were calculated for presenting variation of PICU costs for every unit change of PRISM score.Results: A total of 397 children were enrolled. The PICU length of stay was longer in the sepsis 3.0 group than in the non-sepsis 3.0 group [median (IQR), 9.0 (5.0, 15.0) vs. 6.0 (3.0, 9.0); P &lt; 0.001]. Pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) scores and mortality were significantly higher in sepsis 3.0-defined septic patients. The total costs and daily costs in the PICU were both significantly lower in the non-sepsis 3.0 group (P &lt; 0.001). The severity-adjusted ICU cost in the non-sepsis 3.0 group was lower than that in the sepsis 3.0 group [median (IQR), 7,125 (3,588, 11,134) vs. 9,364 (5,680, 15,876); P = 0.001]. There was no significant difference among the regression coefficients.Conclusions: The 2005 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus definition does not lead to more PICU costs after considering illness severity.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03598127.
Association Study of MTHFR C677T Polymorphism and Birth Body Mass With Risk of Autism in Chinese Han Population
Authors: Zhang Jishui , Ma Xueqian , Su Yi , Wang Lifang , Shang Shaomei , Yue Weihua 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To explore the association of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism with birth body mass and risk of autism in Chinese Han population.Methods: A total 1,505 Chinese Han autism patients were recruited, using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th revised version (DSM-IV-R) diagnostic criteria for autism, and 1,308 sex-matched healthy controls were also enrolled for the study. All the participants' birth body masses were counted according to the medical records. The MTHFR C677T genotypes were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-restrict fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The association between C677T polymorphism, birth body mass, and risk of autism were analyzed using the chi-square tests.Results: The present study found that the MTHFR 677T was significantly associated with risk of autism [P = 0.004, odds ratio (OR) = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02–1.29). The autism children more frequently showed low birth body mass (&lt;2.5 kg) than healthy control subjects (8.6 vs. 5.3%, P = 0.001, OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.24–2.26). The interactive effects between MTHFR 677T and low birth body mass (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.44–3.32) were also significantly associated with risk of autism.Conclusions: The MTHFR C677T polymorphism and low birth body mass may be associated with risk of autism in Chinese Han population.
To Live, Not Only Survive—An Ongoing Endeavor: Resilience of Adult Swedish Women Abused as Children
Authors: Gunnarsdóttir Hrafnhildur , Löve Jesper , Hensing Gunnel , Källström Åsa 
Published: February 2021

Background: A significant proportion of individuals exposed to maltreatment in childhood adapt positively in adulthood despite the adversities, i.e., show resilience. Little is known about resources and processes related to adulthood that promote resilience. Since women are overrepresented as victims of intrafamilial violence, understanding resilience among adult women is important.Objective: To explore experiences of resilience among adult women who perceive well-being and well-functioning although being exposed to maltreatment during childhood.Participants and Setting: This study included 22 women with experiences of childhood maltreatment, mean age of 48 years, living in Sweden.Methods: Individual interviews were conducted and analyzed according to constructivist grounded theory.Results: The process of resilience was experienced as an ongoing endeavor to live, not only survive, an internal process that interacted with external processes involving social relations and conditions. This endeavor was built on four interrelated resources: establishing and maintaining command of life; employing personal resources; surrounding oneself with valuable people; and reaching acceptance. These worked together, not in a linear or chronological order, but in up and down ways, turns and straight lines (now and then), through the process from maltreatment to well-being.Conclusion: Resilience was found to rest on intrapersonal and interpersonal resources. Individual's inherent capabilities can be, depending on life circumstances and available resources, realized in a way that promote well-being and well-functioning despite severe adversities. Therefore, public health initiatives, social services, and policies should provide conditions that help women maltreated in childhood to live fully rather than merely to survive.
Biodiversity and Human Health Interlinkages in Higher Education Offerings: A First Global Overview
Authors: Cianfagna Mark , Bolon Isabelle , Babo Martins Sara , Mumford Elizabeth , Romanelli Cristina , Deem Sharon L. , Pettan-Brewer Christina , Figueroa Daniela , Velásquez Juan Carlos Carrascal , Stroud Cheryl , Lueddeke George , Stoll Beat , Ruiz de Castañeda Rafael 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Biodiversity is inextricably linked to human health. As an important area of research of the Convention on Biological Diversity and a key avenue for the dissemination of biodiversity and health knowledge, we investigated how well-embedded biodiversity and health interlinkages are in institutional higher education offerings.Methods: Using One Health education programs as a starting point, we collected a global list of institutions potentially carrying out education in the links between biodiversity and health through previously published research, academic partners of global conglomerates, and our own networks. We then analyzed the offerings from these institutions to determine the degree of integration of biodiversity and health interlinkages.Results: We found 105 educational offerings in biodiversity and health interlinkages from 89 institutions in 30 countries. These were primarily found in faculties of public health, veterinary sciences, and medicine, with varying degrees of coverage of the interlinkages.Conclusion: Education incorporating the links between biodiversity and health exists globally, but should be more widely integrated, particularly through inter-faculty and inter-institutional collaboration.
Age-Related Disease Burden in China, 1997–2017: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Hu Dan , Yan Wu , Zhu Jing , Zhu Ying , Chen Jiaying 
Published: February 2021

Background: The population is aging much faster in China than other low- and middle-income countries. With the accelerated aging of the population, incidence and disease burden of age-related diseases have also continued to increase. Exploring the burden of age-related diseases is crucial for early disease prevention, assessing the extent of population aging, and achieving the goal of healthy aging.Methods: We used the dataset from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), and selected data on incidence, prevalence, and disease burden in China, in 1997, 2007, and 2017. We classified age-related diseases, which were defined as diseases in which the incidence rate increased quadratically with age in the adult population. Additionally, we described the changes in age-related diseases during the study period by different GBD categories. It also measured changes in the age-related disease burden in our study period, including disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL), and years lived with disability (YLD). Finally, we compared the differences in the age-related disease burdens for men and women.Results: Among the 293 diseases listed in the GBD study, 69 in 2017, 78 in 1997 and 72 in 2007 were identified as age-related diseases. More than half of the age-related diseases belonged to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in our study period. The rate of age-standardized age-related disease burden decreased between 1997 and 2017. DALYs decreased by 24.89% for non-age-related diseases and by 50.15% in age-related diseases from 1997 to 2017. The age-related disease burden of men was higher than that of women; we found a decreasing trend, with −46.23% in men and −54.90% in women.Conclusions: Comparing characteristics of the aging population in China and the world, we found that China does not have the typical disease characteristics of aging society. Currently, China faces the dual threat of NCDs and communicable diseases, and NCDs account for the vast majority of the age-related disease burden. Our health systems should focus on disease prevention and early detection among the entire population, instead of treatment. Further studies should focus on reducing the duration and severity of morbidity in later life.
Analysis of Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults With Pilonidal Disease
Authors: Abraham Mackenzie N. , Raymond Steven L. , Hawkins Russell B. , Iqbal Atif , Larson Shawn D. , Mustafa Moiz M. , Taylor Janice A. , Islam Saleem 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Numerous definitive surgical techniques exist for the treatment of pilonidal disease with varied recurrence rates and wound complications. Due to the wide array of techniques and lack of consensus on the best approach, we proposed to study our experience treating pilonidal disease in adolescents and young adults.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients 10–24 years old treated at a tertiary medical center from 2011 to 2016. Data including demographics, management, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Primary outcome was recurrence of disease.Results: One hundred and thirty three patients with pilonidal disease underwent operative management. Fifty one percent underwent primary closure and 49% healed by secondary intention with no significant difference in recurrence rates (primary 18%, secondary 11%; p = 0.3245). Secondary healing patients had significantly lower wound complication rates (primary 51%, secondary 23%; p = 0.0012). After accounting for sex, race, weight, and operative technique, age was predictive of disease recurrence with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.706 (0.560–0.888; p = 0.003). Age and sex were both predictive of wound complications. Older patients had decreased risk of wound complication (adjusted OR 0.806, 95% CI 0.684–0.951; p = 0.0105), and male patients had increased risk of wound complication (adjusted OR 2.902, 95% CI 1.001–8.409; p = 0.0497).Conclusion: In summary, there is no significant difference in the recurrence rates between operative techniques for pilonidal disease. Older patients have decreased risk of recurrence following intervention. Wound complication rates are lower in patients undergoing secondary healing, though this may be better explained by differences in age and sex. Additional research investigating newer, minimally-invasive techniques needs to be pursued.
Multiparametric MRI may Help to Identify Patients With Prostate Cancer in a Contemporary Cohort of Patients With Clinical Bladder Outlet Obstruction Scheduled for Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP)
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Welte Maria N. , Grossmann Lina , Preisser Felix , Theissen Lena H. , Humke Clara , Deuker Marina , Bernatz Simon , Gild Philipp , Ahyai Sascha , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Bodelle Boris , Kluth Luis A. , Chun Felix K. H. , Mandel Philipp , Becker Andreas 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To investigate the value of standard [digital rectal examination (DRE), PSA] and advanced (mpMRI, prostate biopsy) clinical evaluation for prostate cancer (PCa) detection in contemporary patients with clinical bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) scheduled for Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP).Material and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 397 patients, who were referred to our tertiary care laser center for HoLEP due to BOO between 11/2017 and 07/2020. Of those, 83 (20.7%) underwent further advanced clinical PCa evaluation with mpMRI and/or prostate biopsy due to elevated PSA and/or lowered PSA ratio and/or suspicious DRE. Logistic regression and binary regression tree models were applied to identify PCa in BOO patients.Results: An mpMRI was conducted in 56 (66%) of 83 patients and revealed PIRADS 4/5 lesions in 14 (25%) patients. Subsequently, a combined systematic randomized and MRI-fusion biopsy was performed in 19 (23%) patients and revealed in PCa detection in four patients (5%). A randomized prostate biopsy was performed in 31 (37%) patients and revealed in PCa detection in three patients (4%). All seven patients (9%) with PCa detection underwent radical prostatectomy with 29% exhibiting non-organ confined disease. Incidental PCa after HoLEP (n = 76) was found in nine patients (12%) with advanced clinical PCa evaluation preoperatively. In univariable logistic regression analyses, PSA, fPSA ratio, and PSA density failed to identify patients with PCa detection. Conversely, patients with a lower International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and PIRADs 4/5 lesion in mpMRI were at higher risk for PCa detection. In multivariable adjusted analyses, PIRADS 4/5 lesions were confirmed as an independent risk factor (OR 9.91, p = 0.04), while IPSS did not reach significance (p = 0.052).Conclusion: In advanced clinical PCa evaluation mpMRI should be considered in patients with elevated total PSA or low fPSA ratio scheduled for BOO treatment with HoLEP. Patients with low IPSS or PIRADS 4/5 lesions in mpMRI are at highest risk for PCa detection. In patients with a history of two or more sets of negative prostate biopsies, advanced clinical PCa evaluation might be omitted.
Pemilihan Supplier Bahan Baku Untuk meminimumkan biaya dengan menggunakan Metoda Analytical Hierarchy Process dan Taguchi Loss Function
Authors: Helianty Yanti , Anggraeni Dyah 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK

Untuk mendapatkan bahan baku pada proses produksinya, pada umumnya industri bekerja sama dengan pemasok (supplier) bahan baku. Pemilihan supplier yang tepat dapat membantu kelancaran proses produksi dan membuat perusahaan mampu menghasilkan produk dengan kualitas baik yang sesuai dengan keinginan konsumen sehingga dapat meminimasi kerugian yang disebabkan oleh penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh supplier. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan proses pemilihan supplier berdasarkan hasil evaluasi masing-masing supplier menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Taguchi Loss Function. AHP digunakan untuk mengetahui bobot masing-masing kriteria, sedangkan Taguchi Loss Function digunakan untuk menghitung kerugian yang disebabkan oleh penyimpangan-penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh masing-masing supplier berdasarkan bobot kriteria yang telah dihitung menggunakan metode AHP. Kriteria yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu harga, kualitas, pengiriman, ketepatan jumlah barang, dan sistem pembayaran. Urutan bobot masing-masing kriteria yaitu 0,3838 untuk kriteria kualitas, 0,3009 untuk kriteria harga, 0,1408 untuk kriteria pengiriman, 0,0874 untuk kriteria ketepatan jumlah barang, dan 0,0871 untuk kriteria sistem pembayaran. Berdasarkan perhitungan Taguchi Loss Function diperoleh usulan prioritas pemilihan supplier bahan baku berdasarkan nilai kerugian terkecil.
Optimasi OPTIMASI BIAYA TRANSPORTASI PADA UKM DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Sugianto Welly , Susanti Elva 
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted at UKM Jovelyn in Batam city. Jovelyn's UKM produces various kinds of cakes and is marketed in markets in Batam City. The UKM opened 4 branches and marketed its products to 7 markets in the city of Batam. Product distribution is still random and not properly regulated. This resulted in a very large transportation cost, up to 1/3 of the total production cost. This shows that product transportation is still not carried out effectively and efficiently. The transportation problem is converted into a mathematical form so that the problem can be solved by the transportation method. The transportation method aims to minimize the objective function which is a function of transportation costs. The transportation method is basically the same as the linear program where at each iteration a selection is made to enter the basic variabel and leave the basic variabel. There are several iteration methods, namely the northwest corner method, minimum cost method, genetic algorithm, Vogel's approximation method, minimum row method, Russell's approximation method and column minimum method. Previous research has shown that the Vogel's approximation method, and Russell's approximation method are more efficient and accurate. This study uses both methods and a sensitivity analysis is performed to optimize the calculation results. The sensitivity analysis aims to determine the extent to which the objective function constants and the constraint function constants can change
Keywords: Transportation, Sensitivity, SME
Real-Time High-Resolution MRI Endoscopy at up to 10 Frames per Second
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , Karmarkar Parag , Voit Dirk , Frahm Jens , Weiss Clifford R. , Kraitchman Dara L. , Bottomley Paul A. 
Published: February 2021

Objective
. Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Optical endoscopy, ultrasound, and X-ray offer minimally invasive imaging assessments but have limited sensitivity for characterizing disease and therapeutic response. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) endoscopy is a newer idea employing tiny catheter-mounted detectors connected to the MRI scanner. It can see through vessel walls and provide soft-tissue sensitivity, but its slow imaging speed limits practical applications. Our goal is high-resolution MRI endoscopy with real-time imaging speeds comparable to existing modalities.
Methods
. Intravascular (3 mm) transmit-receive MRI endoscopes were fabricated for highly undersampled radial-projection MRI in a clinical 3-tesla MRI scanner. Iterative nonlinear reconstruction was accelerated using graphics processor units connected via a single ethernet cable to achieve true real-time endoscopy visualization at the scanner. MRI endoscopy was performed at 6-10 frames/sec and 200-300
μ
m resolution in human arterial specimens and porcine vessels
ex vivo
and
in vivo
and compared with fully sampled 0.3 frames/sec and three-dimensional reference scans using mutual information (MI) and structural similarity (3-SSIM) indices.
Results
. High-speed MRI endoscopy at 6-10 frames/sec was consistent with fully sampled MRI endoscopy and histology, with feasibility demonstrated
in vivo
in a large animal model. A 20-30-fold speed-up vs. 0.3 frames/sec reference scans came at a cost of ~7% in MI and ~45% in 3-SSIM, with reduced motion sensitivity.
Conclusion
. High-resolution MRI endoscopy can now be performed at frame rates comparable to those of X-ray and optical endoscopy and could provide an alternative to existing modalities, with MRI’s advantages of soft-tissue sensitivity and lack of ionizing radiation.