bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathologic Features From Preoperative Biopsies to Predict Spread Through Air Spaces in Early Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Cao Lanqing , Jia Meng , Sun Ping-Li , Gao Hongwen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Although spread through air spaces (STAS) is a robust biomarker in surgically resected lung cancer, its application to biopsies is challenging. Moreover, limited resection is not an effective treatment for STAS-positive lung adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to identify histologic features from preoperative percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsies (PTNBs) to predict STAS status in the subsequently resected specimens, and thus help in selecting the surgical extent.Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2015, 111 PTNB specimens and subsequent resection specimens from consecutive lung adenocarcinoma patients were retrospectively examined. Histopathologic features of PTNB specimens and presence of STAS in subsequent resection specimens were evaluated and correlations between them were analyzed statistically.Results: The study participants had a mean age of 59 years (range, 35–81) and included 50 men and 61 women. Thirty-six patients were positive for STAS whereas 75 were negative. The micropapillary/solid histologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (26 of 39; 66.7%; P < 0.001), necrotic/tumor debris (31 of 42; 73.8%; P < 0.001), intratumoral budding (ITB) (20 of 33; 60.6%; P < 0.001), desmoplasia (35 of 41; 85.4%; P < 0.001), and grade 3 nuclei (12 of 14; 85.7%; P < 0.001) were more common in STAS-positive tumors. Micropapillary/solid histologic subtype (OR, 1.35; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.67), ITB (OR, 1.64; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.83), desmoplasia (OR, 1.83; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.12), and N stage (N1 stage: OR, 1.37; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.87) (N2 stage: OR, 1.29; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.73) were independent predictors of STAS. Conclusions: Micropapillary/solid histologic subtype, ITB, and desmoplasia in preoperative PTNB specimens were independently associated with STAS in the subsequent resection specimens. Therefore, these can predict STAS and may help to optimize therapeutic planning.
Closed-form solution for column buckling optimization
Authors: Kobelev Vladimir 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An optimization problem for a column, loaded by axial forces, whose direction and value remain constant, is studied in this article. The dimensional analysis introduces the dimensionless mass and rigidity factors, which simplicities the mathematical technique for the optimization problem. With the method of dimensional analysis, the solution of the nonlinear algebraic equations for the Lagrange multiplier is superfluous. The closed-form solutions for Sturm-Liouville and mixed types boundary conditions are derived. The solutions are expressed in terms of the higher transcendental function. The principal results are the closed form solution in terms of the hypergeometric and elliptic functions, the analysis of single- and bimodal regimes, and the exact bounds for the masses of the optimal columns. The proof of isoperimetric inequalities exploits the variational method and the Hölder inequality. The isoperimetric inequalities for Euler’s column are rigorously verified.
Impact of removal of rubber plantation – a high altitude ecosystem for urbanization on CO2 mitigating capacity by loss of carbon sink.
Authors: K Ambily K , Ulaganathan A. , Sathisha G. C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mitigating climate change and global warming through carbon sequestration of tree ecosystem is of prime importance due to cost effective, environment friendly and ecological sustainability. Urbanization is a part of development and generally rubber plantations were usually removed for this purpose especially in Kerala, the southern state of India. Besides commercially high yield of latex, the economic produce of rubber plant and the associated income, rubber tree is fairly good sink for carbon in its biomass with an average carbon content of 42 per cent and substantial carbon stock in soil. This study pointed out the serious carbon sink loss from the removal of rubber plantation for urbanization, one of the major development activities which resulted in the damage of the self-sustained carbon friendly and economically sound perennial rubber ecosystem. The present popular clone (RRII 105) existing in major share (85 %) of the total rubber cultivation in India accounts carbon sink loss 57t/ha, 57.5t/ha, 43.2t/ha for 23 years and 148t/ha, 75t/ha and 62.1t/ha for 30 years from biomass, litter fall and sheet rubber respectively. The establishing modern clones RRII 414, RRII 429 and RRII 417 having higher growth rate and biomass recorded still higher (44–50 per cent) carbon sink loss compared to the existing popular clone RRII 105. The carbon sink loss in the form of stored carbon in soil is 56.5 with soil carbon content between 1.2 to 2 per cent. Due to the growth variation in extreme climatic conditions, the clones recorded differences in carbon stock and thereby carbon sink loss. The central region of Kerala showed higher loss and lower loss was in the drought affected northern region than South region. The total carbon sink loss for 23, 30 years were 214.2 and 341.5 t/ha respectively. Maintenance of green spaces/areas including vegetation having higher C-sequestration potential and trees having higher lignin content to increase carbon capture for mitigating the impact of removal of plantations especially in high altitude to some extent in the scenario of inevitable developmental activities and urban developments to become environment friendly. From the study it was clear that the removal of rubber plantation affecting the carbon sink loss greatly and thereby the CO2 mitigating capacity and is a serious matter of concern.
Assessing the Predictive Value of TRIPS in Newborns
Authors: Mukhametshin R. F. , Davydova N. S. , Kinzhalova S. V. 
Published: August 2021

The objective: to determine the predictive value of TRIPS at the stage of pre-transport preparation in relation to treatment outcomes of newborns.Subjects: The cohort study included data from 604 visits of the team of the intensive case and consultation center. The TRIPS score was assessed, and the outcomes of the hospital phase of treatment were studied. The AUC ROC curve of the TRIPS score was calculated in relation to the binary outcomes of hospital treatment. The correlation analysis of the quantitative data was performed by Spearman's criterion.Results. AUC was greater than 0.8 only for the risk of death (AUC 0.827 (0.764-0.891)), the formation of severe IVH (AUC 0.831 (0.786-0.877)) and the development of occlusive hydrocephalus (AUC 0.839 (0.764-0.915)). For other binary outcomes, the score shows AUC below 0.8. A weak but significant correlation was found between the TRIPS score and the duration of intensive care (r = 0.478,p < 0.0001).Conclusion: TRIPS demonstrated an acceptable level of accuracy (AUC>0.8) in predicting hospital mortality, severe IVH, and the formation of occlusive hydrocephalus. A weak but significant correlation was found with the quantitative outcomes.
CHONDROID LIPOMA AS SOFT TISSUE PSEUDOSARCOMA: LITERATURE REVIEW AND CASE REPORT
Authors: Vasilyev N. V. , Vtorushin S. V. , Anisenya I. I. , Sitnikov P. K. , Tabakaev S. A. , Frolova I. G. , Bogoutdinova A. V. , Zhuikova L. D. , Bairamov P. V. , Ponomareva S. I. , Tsvetukhin M. O. 
Published: August 2021

Background. Pseudosarcomas of soft tissues can cause diagnostic and treatment challenges. On the one hand, it is difficult to make a nosological diagnosis based on a biopsy specimen of a tumor; on the other hand, it is difficult to determine the most appropriate treatment strategy based on a histological pattern.The purpose of the study was to analyze available literature data and systematize the histological characteristics of the chondroid lipoma and pseudosarcoma.Case description. We present the case of chondroid lipoma in a 57-year-old female patient with atypical clinical symptoms. This case shows the difficulties of differential diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas. Using a clinical example of chondroid lipoma, a rare soft tissue tumor, and an analysis of literature data, the authors showed the importance of a detailed study of the obtained material, a qualified description of the morphological picture, in those cases when the diagnostic conclusion cannot be unambiguous about the malignancy of the tumor process. Additional biopsy is not always possible to clarify the histotype of the tumor. The presented observation shows the difficulties of differential diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas. Minimally invasive biopsy provides no a full appreciation of histological structure; therefore, if there is a suspicion for chondroid lipoma, it is necessary to perform total surgical biopsy followed by a morphological study using the immunohistochemical method.
LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY IN THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – YUGRA
Authors: Mordovskii A. A. , Aksarin A. A. , Parsadanyan A. M. , Ter-Ovanesov M. D. , Troyan P. P. 
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to assess the lung cancer incidence and mortality in the Khanty-mansi autonomous okrug – Yugra during the period 1999–2019.Material and methods. We have studied the lung cancer incidence and mortality rates in Yugra over the last 21 years (1999–2019).Results. In Yugra, the lung cancer (lc) incidence rates increased by 24.7 % from 1999 to 2019, demonstrating higher rates than those in the Russian Federation (RF), where lc incidence rates decreased by 20.3 %. In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate was 30.5 per 100,000 (22.7 for RF); the age-standardized mortality rate was 16.4 per 100,000 (18.4 for RF). The mortality rate from lc in Yugra was 9.6 times higher in males than in females (35.5 vs. 3.7 per 100,000). The cross-correlation analysis revealed a correlation between the lc incidence/mortality and air pollution in Yugra. The main carcinogens in Yugra were formaldehyde, phenol, nitrogen dioxide, and benzapyrene. The assessment of the relationship between the age-standardized lc incidence/mortality rates and the amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere revealed that their synergistic effects with tobacco smoking can double the risk of lung cancer development. The increase in the number of chest computed tomography (ct) scans performed in the context of the pandemic caused by covid-19 infection led to an 18 % increase in the number of incidentally detected pulmonary nodules, of which 9 % of cases were diagnosed as lc.Conclusion. The lc incidence rates in Yugra tended to increase. The high rate of lc incidence is caused by man-made and natural factors, which requires the implementation of a screening program with the use of low-dose computed tomography in order to improve the early detection and prevention of this disease.
SURGICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH PROXIMAL GASTRIC CANCER WITHOUT ESOPHAGEAL INVASION
Authors: Akhmetzyanov F. Sh. , Kaulgud A. H. , Akhmetzyanova F. F. 
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to improve surgical outcomes in patients with proximal gastric cancer without invading the esophagus.Material and methods. Data regarding lymph node metastasis, short-term postoperative complications/lethality, and long-term outcomes were analyzed in 162 patients with proximal gastric cancer without invasion of the esophagus. All patients underwent gastrosplenectomy with expanded d2 lymph node dissection. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 91 years, and the median age was 60 years. There were 105 (64.8 %) patients aged over 60 years and 45 (27.8 %) over 70 years.Results. Postoperative complications occurred in 14 patients (8.6 %), 8 of them (4.9 %) died. The 1-, 3- and 5 year survival rates were 85.4 %, 61.8 %, and 38.9 %, respectively.Discussion. In patients with gastric cancer without esophageal invasion, perigastric lymph nodes (№ 3b, 4d) located in segments iv and v are often affected by metastases; therefore, we consider it inexpedient to perform proximal resections in these cases.Conclusion. In patients with proximal gastric cancer without esophageal invasion, it is not advisable to perform proximal subtotal gastric resections due to the high frequency of 3b and 4d lymph node metastases. Postoperative complication and mortality rates were 8.6 % and 4.9 %, respectively in patients who underwent gastrosplenectomy with d2 lymph node dissection.
Future virtual water flows under climate and population change scenarios: focusing on its determinants
Authors: Ashktorab Niloofar , Zibaei Mansour 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Water resources are under increasing pressure from population growth, socio-economic development, and climate change. The main user of freshwater is the agriculture sector, accounting for 70–80% of global water use. Consequently, increasing water productivity and reducing water use in this sector are vital for alleviating water scarcity. It has been alleged that domestic or international trade of water-consumed products from wet-provinces or countries to arid and semi-arid provinces or countries is one possible path to mitigate water shortage. In this regard, virtual water flows and their determinants in Iran are investigated in this paper. This study examines the main determinants of bilateral virtual water flows associated with international trade in agricultural goods among Iran and other countries using a gravity model of trade. The impacts of climate change and socio-economic change scenarios on the virtual water trade are simulated. The result of the gravity model indicated that bilateral virtual water trade flows are influenced by the classical determinants and all the mass-related variables (gross domestic product and population) are significant with expected signs. Finally, the result obtained from the simulation of climate and socio-economic change scenarios showed that under the pessimistic scenario of climate change and population growth rate of 0.98 and 0.44%, VW trade between Iran and other countries would increase by 41 and 66% in the periods of 2016–2045 and 2070–2099, respectively. As a consequence, identifying the appropriate countries for business interactions and adopting effective trade policies are very important and need attention soon.
Research on the spatial effect and threshold effect of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emissions in China
Authors: Li Zhenqiang , Zhou Qiuyang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Based on panel data from 2000 to 2017 in 29 Chinese provinces, this paper analyzes the impact of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emissions by constructing a spatial panel model and a panel threshold model. The results show that (1) there is a significant spatial correlation between carbon emissions in Chinese provinces, and the carbon emissions of a province are affected by the carbon emissions of surrounding provinces; (2) in China, carbon emissions have a significant time lag feature, and current carbon emissions are largely affected by previous carbon emissions; (3) industrial structure upgrading can effectively promote carbon emission reductions in local areas, and the impact of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emissions has a significant threshold effect. With continued economic development, the promotion effect of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emission reductions will decrease slightly, but this carbon emission reduction effect is still significant. (4) In addition, there is a clear difference between the impact of energy consumption intensity and population size on carbon emissions in short and long terms. In the short term, the increase in energy consumption intensity and the expansion of population size not only increase the carbon emissions of a local area but also increase the carbon emissions of neighboring areas. In the long term, the impact of energy consumption intensity and population size on carbon emissions of neighboring areas will be weakened, but the promotion impact on carbon emissions in local areas will be strengthened.
Characteristics of the archival fond of „Konvento Polonia aktai” from the Wróblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Dowgiało Karol 
Published: August 2021

After World War II documentation of archive of the Konwent Polonia was dispersed. Currently, it is gathered in three institutions: The Archdiocesan Archive of Warsaw, The Wro-blewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in Vilnius and The Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum in London. This study presents a Vilnius collection – both structure of the archival fond and the information value of gathered archival units. It is extremely useful for researchers – particularly in the context of the lack of online inventories, as well as factual mistakes committed during the archival description of the records gathered there.
This archival fond consists of 404 units and it is one of the most important sources for the history of both the Konwent Polonia and polish fraternities. Especially that most of fraternities archives were destroyed, and the total number of members of all academic fraternities until the outbreak of World War II was at least over a twelve thousand
Relacionamentos abusivos: A dor do amor no distanciamento social
Authors: Matos de Souza Anna Claudia , Cabral Samico Fernanda 
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho busca entender como se institui um relacionamento abusivo, e se propõe a problematizar o porquê de as mulheres serem as principais vítimas desta modalidade de relacionamento. Utilizando-se de alguns conceitos freudianos e lacanianos foi construído através de uma revisão bibliográfica uma teorização sobre o conceito de feminilidade, além de uma reflexão acerca da devastação que atravessa estes relacionamentos disfuncionais. Por fim, procuramos entender como a pandemia causada pela COVID-19, bem como o distanciamento social, influenciou nas crescentes denúncias acerca das violências vividas em um relacionamento abusivo. Entende-se então, que o sujeito regido pelo inconsciente busca tão somente a completude daquilo que falta, e ainda, que o Real que a pandemia trouxe a estas mulheres, corrobora com o aumento repentino das denúncias dos casos de violência doméstica que não foram meramente um acaso, mas a ocorrência da quebra da fantasia em que ela vivia, fazendo com que o gozo proporcionado pelo sintoma não funcione mais.
Palavras chaves: Feminilidade; Devastação; Pandemia; Relacionamento abusivo.
Identification of WHO II/III Gliomas by 16 Prognostic-related Gene Signatures using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Wu Ya Meng , Sa Yu , Guo Yu , Li Qi Feng , Zhang Ning 
Published: August 2021

Background:
It is found that the prognosis of gliomas of the same grade has
large differences among World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and III in clinical
observation. Therefore, a better understanding of the genetics and molecular mechanisms
underlying WHO grade II and III gliomas is required, with the aim of developing a classification
scheme at the molecular level rather than the conventional pathological morphology
level.

Method:
We performed survival analysis combined with machine learning methods of
Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator using expression datasets downloaded
from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas as well as The Cancer Genome Atlas. Risk
scores were calculated by the product of expression level of overall survival-related genes
and their multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression coefficients. WHO grade II
and III gliomas were categorized into the low-risk subgroup, medium-risk subgroup, and
high-risk subgroup. We used the 16 prognostic-related genes as input features to build a
classification model based on prognosis using a fully connected neural network. Gene
function annotations were also performed.

Results:
The 16 genes (AKNAD1, C7orf13, CDK20, CHRFAM7A, CHRNA1, EFNB1,
GAS1, HIST2H2BE, KCNK3, KLHL4, LRRK2, NXPH3, PIGZ, SAMD5, ERINC2, and
SIX6) related to the glioma prognosis were screened. The 16 selected genes were associated
with the development of gliomas and carcinogenesis. The accuracy of an external
validation data set of the fully connected neural network model from the two cohorts
reached 95.5%. Our method has good potential capability in classifying WHO grade II
and III gliomas into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk subgroups. The subgroups
showed significant (P<0.01) differences in overall survival.

Conclusion:
This resulted in the identification of 16 genes that were related to the prognosis
of gliomas. Here we developed a computational method to discriminate WHO grade
II and III gliomas into three subgroups with distinct prognoses. The gene expressionbased
method provides a reliable alternative to determine the prognosis of gliomas.
Interaction of Exogenous Butyrylcholinesterase with β-Amyloid Plaques in 5XFAD/Butyrylcholinesterase-Knockout Mouse Brain
Authors: Reid G.A. , Darvesh S. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and amyloid models such as the 5XFAD
mouse, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is associated with β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and has unique
biochemical features which distinguish it from that found in neurons. It has been suggested that
BChE associated with Aβ plaques may be involved in the maturation of this structure and thus disease
progression.

Objective:
Currently, it is unknown whether BChE bound to Aβ plaques has altered biochemical
properties due to a different primary structure or because of the association of this enzyme with Aβ
plaques. Also, the source and binding mechanism of this BChE remains unknown.

Methods:
Brain tissue sections from the 5XFAD/BChE-KO mouse were incubated with exogenous
sources of BChE and stained for this enzyme’s activity. Efforts were made to determine what region
of BChE or Aβ may be involved in this association.

Results:
We found that incubation of 5XFAD/BChE-KO brain tissues with exogenous BChE led to
this enzyme becoming associated with Aβ plaques and neurons. In contrast to neuronal BChE, the
BChE bound to Aβ plaques had similar biochemical properties to those seen in AD. Mutations to
BChE and efforts to block Aβ epitomes failed to prevent this association.

Conclusion:
The association of BChE with Aβ plaques, and the resultant biochemical changes,
suggests that BChE may undergo a conformational change when bound to Aβ plaques but not neurons.
The 5XFAD/BChE-KO model is ideally suited to explore the binding mechanism of BChE to
Aβ plaques as well as the involvement of BChE in AD pathogenesis.