bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-Genome Analysis of KPC-Producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates From Hospital Acquired Post-Neurosurgical Meningitis
Authors: Sun Mingyue , Xiao Weiqiang , Xu Qingxia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Nosocomial bacterial infections from carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are associated with high mortality in neurosurgical patients. This study examined the post-neurosurgical meningitis outbreak caused by CRKP of patients with nervous system tumours，and analysed the molecular characteristics of the causative strain.Methods: Neurosurgical cancer patients with meningitis caused by CRKP between 2017–2019 were retrospectively analysed. Identification of strains and antimicrobial susceptibilities was conducted using BD Phoenix-100, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and broth microdilution. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were used to identify the subtypes of K. pneumoniae. The genotype correlation, resistance genes and plasmid of isolates were assessed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS).Results: Isolates were resistant to almost all of the tested antimicrobial agents except polymyxin and tigecycline. The PFGE and MLST revealed all isolates were the same strain - ST11–while WGS phylogenetic analysis indicated they were closely related. The isolates harboured blaKPC-2 and an IncFII-type plasmid; the blaKPC-2 gene had a similar genetic environment across isolates.Conclusions: The results of molecular analysis showed that ST11 and IncFII-type plasmid in CRKP have close correlations and indicate a long-term retrospective genomic study throughout the hospital for KPC-producing K. pneumoniae is necessary.
Water vulnerabilities mapping: a multi-criteria and multi-scale assessment in central Chile
Authors: Paegelow Martin , Quense Jorge , Peltier Anne , Henríquez Ruiz Cristian , Le Goff Lucie , Arenas Vásquez Federico , Antoine Jean-Marc 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the major challenges that populations have to face is vulnerability to water: lack of water, flooding, pollution, hazard sensitivity and coping capacity. Owing to economic, social and environmental inequalities, this paper focuses on water-related vulnerabilities in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago (RMS) in Chile. Our main objective is to understand, through mapping, the multiscalar logics of water vulnerability. This study is carried out at two scales: at the regional level (RMS), we proceed with open access municipal statistical data and maps, while at the local level, a more detailed analysis focusing on the Chacabuco Province is based on the same type of data but with either a higher spatial resolution (census districts) or a spatially more intensive data processing in order to take into account intra-municipal differences. In this way, we put into perspective the discourse developed in the Chilean media and by the inhabitants of Chacabuco Province regarding the province as an environmental ‘sacrifice zone’ for the RMS. The vulnerability maps are carried out at different scales in a simple and reproducible way by multi-criteria evaluation (MCE). The results confirm the hypothesis of a sacrifice zone and show that high-resolution data and adequate data processing give, on average, lower vulnerability scores than using only statistical data on the municipal level. The results provide a cartographic decision support for stakeholders. Limitations of the study are discussed and required further research is pointed out.
GASTON BACHELARD AND PIERRE DUHEM: EPISTEMOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITY AND CONTINUITY
Authors: Velanes David 
Published: November 2021

This article aims to clarify the theme of continuity and epistemological discontinuity from Pierre Duhem (1861-1916) and Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962), both French thinkers. The first author has a continuum view on the development of sciences, in which the progress of scientific knowledge would occur from continuous repairs on a theoretical system that evolves gradually. Gaston Bachelard, on the other hand, defends the thesis of the epistemological rupture, according to which he thinks the evolution of the sciences through his interregnums and reorganizations. Knowledge moves through rectifications of knowledge that are updated in the light of new experiences, without a cumulative process of ideas occurring. It is intended in this work to clarify the Bachelardian view on epistemological discontinuity as opposed to Duhemian thought.

Keywords: Continuity. Discontinuity. Epistemology. Duhem. Bachelard.
Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Prospective Nanoagents for Imaging-assisted
Biomedical Applications
Authors: Phan Le Minh Tu 
Published: November 2021

:
Carbon dots (CDs), an emerging nanoagent providing an alternative to conventional
fluorescent agents, are sparking the scientist’s interest in biomedical applications
owing to their unique advantages, including ease of synthesis, large scale production,
low cost, prominent photoluminescence, good photostability, easy functionalization, sufficient
biocompatibility, good nanocarrier, and excellent ability to generate reactive oxygen
species or heat. Herein, this perspective provides a viewpoint about imaging-assisted
biomedical applications using fluorescent CDs regarding in vitro and in vivo bioimaging,
imaging-assisted sensing, and imaging-guided therapy. The opinions about their potential
and challenges in applicable biomedical applications are discussed to develop, further
ameliorated CDs for their intense exploitation in diverse imaging-assisted biomedical applications.
Retinal Degeneration: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Wu Xue , Yan Naihong , Zhang Ming 
Published: November 2021

:
Retinal degenerative diseases are the main retinal diseases that threaten vision.
Most retinal degenerative diseases are inherited diseases, including autosomal recessive
inheritance, autosomal dominant inheritance, X-linked inheritance, and mitochondrial inheritance;
therefore, emerging gene therapy strategies may provide an alternative method
of treatment. Currently, three viral vectors are usually used in gene therapy studies: adenovirus,
lentivirus, and adeno-associated virus. Other gene therapies have their own advantages,
such as DNA nanoparticles, antisense oligonucleotides, and gene editing therapies.
In addition, retinal degenerative diseases are often accompanied by abnormalities of retinal
cells, including photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelial cells. At present, stem
cell transplantation is a promising new treatment for retinal degenerative diseases. Common
sources of stem cells include retinal progenitor cells, induced pluripotent stem cells,
embryonic stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, retina explant cultures in
vitro can be used as an effective platform for screening new therapies for retinal degenerative
diseases. Drugs that actually reach the retinal layer are more controlled, more consistent,
and less invasive when using retinal explants. Furthermore, studies have shown
that the imbalance of the gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development
of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, the progression of diabetic retinopathy may be
restrained by adjusting the imbalance of the gut microbiota. The purpose of this review is
to discuss and summarize the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies
of retinal degenerative diseases.
Polyphenols’ Effect on Cerebrovascular Health
Authors: Goya Luis , Román Ricardo San , de Pascual-Teresa Sonia 
Published: November 2021

:
Polyphenols are a wide group of plant components that include a high number
of individual compounds and are present in foods, dietary supplements, and drugs. Many
of them have shown pharmacological effects, are used in cardiovascular disease prevention,
and not as many have been assayed in cancer treatment or co-treatment. In the last
few years, however, the research on polyphenols' implications in healthy aging, especially
in neurodegeneration and cognition improvement, has increased dramatically. Most of
the results found in this sense are again related to the capacity of some specific polyphenols
to regulate the blood flow, but this time at the cerebral level, and to protect the
endothelium at this same level. In this thorough review, we want to concentrate precisely
on the effect of polyphenols on cerebrovascular homeostasis, reviewing the mechanisms
that underline this effect and the radiological methods and endogenous biomarkers that
are used in human trials aimed at showing the beneficial effect of polyphenols or polyphenol
rich foods on neuroprotection and cognition function.
Oligonucleotides Carrying Nucleoside Antimetabolites as Potential
Prodrugs
Authors: Fàbrega Carme , Clua Anna , Eritja Ramon , Aviñó Anna 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Nucleoside and nucleobase antimetabolites are an important
class of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer as well as other diseases.

Introduction:
In order to avoid undesirable side effects, several prodrug strategies have
been developed. In the present review, we describe a relatively unknown strategy that
consists of using oligonucleotides modified with nucleoside antimetabolites as prodrugs.

Method:
The active nucleotides are generated by enzymatic degradation once incorporated
into cells. This strategy has attracted large interest and is widely utilized at present
due to the continuous developments made in therapeutic oligonucleotides and the recent
advances in nanomaterials and nanomedicine.

Results:
A large research effort was made mainly in the improvement of the antiproliferative
properties of nucleoside homopolymers, but recently, chemically modified aptamers,
antisense oligonucleotides and/or siRNA carrying antiproliferative nucleotides have demonstrated
a great potential due to the synergetic effect of both therapeutic entities. In addition,
DNA nanostructures with interesting properties have been built to combine antimetabolites
and enhancers of cellular uptake in the same scaffold. Finally, protein nanoparticles
functionalized with receptor-binders and antiproliferative oligomers represent a
new avenue for a more effective treatment in cancer therapy.

Conclusion:
It is expected that oligonucleotides carrying nucleoside antimetabolites will
be considered as potential drugs in the near future for biomedical applications.
Molecular Modeling Techniques Applied to the Design of Multitarget
Drugs: Methods and Applications
Authors: Castro Larissa Henriques Evangelista , Sant'Anna Carlos Mauricio R. 
Published: November 2021

:
Multifactorial diseases, such as cancer and diabetes present a challenge for the traditional
“one-target, one disease” paradigm due to their complex pathogenic mechanisms. Although a
combination of drugs can be used, a multitarget drug may be a better choice due to its efficacy, lower
adverse effects and lower chance of resistance development. The computer-based design of these
multitarget drugs can explore the same techniques used for single-target drug design, but the
difficulties associated with the obtention of drugs that are capable of modulating two or more targets
with similar efficacy impose new challenges, whose solutions involve the adaptation of known
techniques and also to the development of new ones, including machine-learning approaches. In
this review, some SBDD and LBDD techniques for the multitarget drug design are discussed, together
with some cases where the application of such techniques led to effective multitarget ligands.
GreenMolBD: Nature Derived Bioactive Molecules' Database
Authors: Hosen S. M. Zahid , Junaid Md. , Alam Muhammad Shaiful , Rubayed Maruf , Dash Raju , Akter Rasheda , Sharmin Tania , Mouri Nusrat Jahan , Moni Mohammad Ali , Khatun Mahmuda , Mostafa Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Background:
One of the essential resources for developing new drugs are naturally derived
biologically active lead compounds. Biomedical researchers and pharmaceutical companies are
highly interested in these plant-derived molecules to develop the new drug. In this process, collective
information of the plants and their phytoconstituents with different properties and descriptors would
greatly benefit the researchers to identify the hit, lead or drug-like compound.

Aim and Objective:
Therefore, the work intended to develop a unique and dynamic database Green-
MolBD to provide collective information regarding medicinal plants, such as their profile, chemical
constituents, and pharmacological evidence. We also aimed to present information of phytoconstituents,
such as in silico description, quantum, drugability and biological target information.

Method:
For data mining, we covered all accessible literature and books, and for in silico analysis,
we employed a variety of well-known software and servers. The database is integrated by MySQL,
HTML, PHP and JavaScript.

Result:
GreenMolBD is a freely accessible database and searchable by keywords, plant name, synonym,
common name, family name, family synonym, compound name, IUPAC name, InChI Key,
target name, and disease name. We have provided a complete profile of individual plants and each
compound’s physical, quantum, drug likeliness, and toxicity properties (48 type’s descriptor) using
in silico tools. A total of 1846 associated targets related to 6,864 compounds already explored in
different studies are also incorporated and synchronized.

Conclusion:
This is the first evidence-based database of bioactive molecules from medicinal plants
specially grown in Bangladesh, which may help explore and foster nature-inspired rational drug discovery.
Rg1 Promotes the Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of Human
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via FXR1/Lnc-GAS5-AS1 Pathway
Authors: Mo Steven , Wu Zheng-Qiu , Li Hong-Mian , Xu Fang-Tian , Xu Yin-Li , Rong Yong-Xian , Huang Dong-Lin , Lai Zhong-Hong , Liu Xin-Heng , Yang Ling-Hui 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) play an important role in regenerative
medicine.

Objective:
Exploring the mechanism of Rg1 in the promotion of the proliferation and adipogenic
differentiation of hASCs is important in regenerative medicine research. Methods: To observe
ginsenoside Rg1 in promoting the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of hASCs, Rg1 medium
at different concentrations was established and tested using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay,
oil red O staining, alizarin red, and alcian blue. Compared to the control, differentially expressed
genes (DEGs) were screened via DEG analysis, which was carried out in the Gene Ontology
(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses.
To explore the relationship among mRNA, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (miRNA),
we constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network.

Results:
In this study, Rg1 was observed to promote the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation
of hASCs. Additionally, enriched BPs and KEGG pathways may be involved in the promotion
process, where FXR1 and Lnc-GAS5-AS1 were found to be regulatory factors. The regulatory network
suggested that Rg1 could regulate the adipocytokine signaling pathway and IL−17 signaling
pathway via FXR1 and Lnc-GAS5-AS1, which served as the mechanism encompassing the promotion
of Rg1 on the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of hASCs.

Conclusion:
A comprehensive transcriptional regulatory network related to the promotion ability
of Rg1 was constructed, revealing mechanisms regarding Rg1’s promotion of the proliferation and
adipogenic differentiation of hASCs. The present study provides a theoretical basis for optimizing
the function of hASCs.
Strategies to improve jump service skills at volleyball student activity unit of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Authors: Jariono Gatot , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Nugroho Haris , Nugroho Djoko , Amirzan Amirzan , Budiman Indra Adi , Fachrezzy Fahmy , Sudarmanto Eko , Nyatara Sae Dikdaya 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe strategies to improve jump service in the student activity unit of the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The population and sample in this study were students who participated in the volleyball activity unit as many as 60 people, namely 30 sons and 30 daughters, purposive sampling was used in the selection of samples. This type of research presents descriptive research using a quantitative research type approach. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistical percentages. Descriptive analysis is the purpose of analyzing and describing the characteristics of this overall data analysis used in the SPSS program version 20.0. The conclusion of this study is a strategy to improve jump service skills in the student activity unit through physical condition training by considering the special preparatory physical condition training program, pre-competition physical condition training program, main competition physical condition training program, transition physical condition training program, and compiling an exercise program. Following the characteristics of the sport of football. However, to determine the exercise program the physical condition needs to be careful, because in this study the sample used is still very little, and the need to consider other variables in conducting further research.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children and Adolescents Taking Atypical Antipsychotic Medications: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hatem Reem , Nawaz Faisal A , Al-Sharif Ghadah A , Almoosa Mohammad , Kattan Wid , Tzivinikos Christos , Amirali E Lila , Albanna Ammar 
Published: November 2021

Background
Atypical antipsychotics (AAP) are commonly prescribed to children and adolescents and are associated with important adverse effects including weight gain and metabolic syndrome. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not only the most common pediatric liver disease but is also associated with serious complications including liver cirrhosis.

Objective
Given that NAFLD and AAP are associated with metabolic syndrome, we aim to comprehensively examine the association between AAP and NAFLD in children and adolescents.

Methods
We will conduct a systematic review of studies exploring NAFLD in subjects younger than 18 years on AAP published in English between 1950 and 2020 following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines.

Results
A PRISMA flowchart will be used present the study results after comprehensively reviewing studies on NAFLD in children and adolescents taking AAP. The first and second systematic searches will be conducted during December 2021. The results are expected to be published in June 2022.

Conclusions
This research project will serve as a foundation for future studies and assist in devising interventions and reforming clinical guidelines for using AAP to ensure improved patient safety.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/20168
Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale: Psychometric Evaluation
Authors: Lee Jisan , Schnall Rebecca 
Published: November 2021

Background
Rigorous development of mobile technologies requires the use of validated instruments to evaluate the usability of these tools, which has become more relevant with the expansion of these technologies. Although various usability evaluation tools have been developed, there are relatively few simple evaluation instruments that have been validated across diseases and languages in mobile health (mHealth) information technology for use in multiple diseases.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to validate the Korean version of the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Korean Health-ITUES) and assess its applicability for different health conditions.

Methods
To develop the Korean Health-ITUES, we used a validation process involving the following 3 steps: (1) customization of the Health-ITUES for menstrual symptoms, (2) translation of the Health-ITUES from English into Korean, and (3) examination of the reliability and validity of the instrument. The translation process adhered to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for translation and back-translation, expert review, and reconciliation.

Results
The Korean Health-ITUES showed reliable internal consistency with Cronbach α=.951; meanwhile, factor loadings of the 20 items in the 4 subscales ranged from 0.416 to 0.892.

Conclusions
The Health-ITUES demonstrated reliability and validity for its use in assessing mHealth apps’ usability in young Korean women with menstrual discomfort. Given the strong psychometric properties of this tool in Korean and English and across 2 different health conditions, the Health-ITUES is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the usability of mHealth apps. The Health-ITUES is also a valid instrument for evaluating mHealth technologies, which are widely used by patients to self-manage their health and by providers to improve health care delivery.
Enamel Renal Syndrome: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Roomaney Imaan A , Kabbashi Salma , Chetty Manogari 
Published: November 2021

Background
Enamel renal syndrome (ERS) (OMIM 204690) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, failed tooth eruption, intrapulpal calcifications, gingival enlargement, and nephrocalcinosis. The rarity of the condition and the variability of the phenotype has led to ERS not being fully characterized.

Objective
This scoping review aims to account for the range and current state of knowledge on ERS and synthesize these findings into a comprehensive summary, focusing on the pathophysiology, genotype-phenotype correlations, and patient management from a dental perspective.

Methods
The authors will conduct a systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), BioMed Central, EbscoHost Web, Web of Science, and WorldCat. We will include all studies with human participants with a confirmed diagnosis of ERS. Articles will be screened in two stages (ie, initially by title and abstract screening and then full-text screening by two independent reviewers). Data extraction will be conducted using a customized electronic data extraction form. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies. We will structure the results according to themes.

Results
This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework. The electronic search was conducted in July 2020 and updated in April 2021. The research findings will be published in an open access journal.

Conclusions
Dentists should be able to identify patients with clinical features of ERS so that they receive appropriate referrals for renal evaluation, genetic counseling, and oral rehabilitation to increase the patient’s quality of life. A scoping review is the most appropriate method to conduct this comprehensive exploration of the current evidence, which may be sparse due to the rarity of the condition. It will also enable us to identify gaps in the research.

Trial Registration
Open Science Framework; https://osf.io/cghsa

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/29702