bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moored Turbulence Measurements using Pulse-Coherent Doppler Sonar
Authors: Zippel Seth F. , Farrar J. Thomas , Zappa Christopher J. , Miller Una , Laurent Louis St. , Ijichi Takashi , Weller Robert A. , McRaven Leah , Nylund Sven , Le Bel Deborah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUpper-ocean turbulence is central to the exchanges of heat, momentum, and gasses across the air/sea interface, and therefore plays a large role in weather and climate. Current understanding of upper-ocean mixing is lacking, often leading models to misrepresent mixed-layer depths and sea surface temperature. In part, progress has been limited due to the difficulty of measuring turbulence from fixed moorings which can simultaneously measure surface fluxes and upper-ocean stratification over long time periods. Here we introduce a direct wavenumber method for measuring Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) dissipation rates, ϵ, from long-enduring moorings using pulse-coherent ADCPs. We discuss optimal programming of the ADCPs, a robust mechanical design for use on a mooring to maximize data return, and data processing techniques including phase-ambiguity unwrapping, spectral analysis, and a correction for instrument response. The method was used in the Salinity Processes Upper-ocean Regional Study (SPURS) to collect two year-long data sets. We find the mooring-derived TKE dissipation rates compare favorably to estimates made nearby from a microstructure shear probe mounted to a glider during its two separate two-week missions for (10−8) ≤ ϵ ≤ (10−5) m2 s−3. Periods of disagreement between turbulence estimates from the two platforms coincide with differences in vertical temperature profiles, which may indicate that barrier layers can substantially modulate upper-ocean turbulence over horizontal scales of 1-10 km. We also find that dissipation estimates from two different moorings at 12.5 m, and at 7 m are in agreement with the surface buoyancy flux during periods of strong nighttime convection, consistent with classic boundary layer theory.
Entre peur et désir de la digitalisation du commerce de détail : une première conceptualisation pour comprendre les réactions ambivalentes des chalands
Authors: Rogeon Fabien , Michaud-Trévinal Aurélia , Collin-Lachaud Isabelle 
Published: July 2021

Résumé La digitalisation a entraîné de profonds changements dans le paysage de la distribution qui ont fait l’objet de recherches approfondies. La plupart des recherches ont considéré ce phénomène uniquement comme une source d’avantages pour les chalands. Cependant, quelques chercheurs ont récemment souligné l’écart entre cet optimisme technologique et les problèmes auxquels sont confrontés les distributeurs lorsque les technologies qu’ils proposent sont fréquemment ignorées ou rapidement abandonnées par les chalands. Pour combler cette lacune, notre recherche étudie la manière dont les chalands réagissent face à la digitalisation de la distribution à travers le prisme de l’ambivalence. Une revue systématique de la littérature a permis d’identifier un ensemble de 108 articles publiés dans des revues majeures entre 2005 et 2020. Notre analyse critique a révélé des réactions positives et négatives des chalands à l’égard de la digitalisation. En regroupant ces derniers par paires de deux opposés, nous proposons une conceptualisation initiale de l’ambivalence des acheteurs divisée en huit composantes distinctes. De plus, nous mettons en évidence les composantes de l’ambivalence des acheteurs qui nécessitent une plus grande attention des chercheurs et proposons un agenda de recherche en conséquence. Enfin, notre conceptualisation peut aider les managers à mieux comprendre le sens des réactions hétérogènes des chalands confrontés aux technologies qu’ils proposent.
Lower Kolyma multilingualism: Historical setting and sociolinguistic trends
Authors: Pupynina Maria , Aralova Natalia 
Published: July 2021

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The region of Lower Kolyma (LK), Russia, exhibits a unique multilingual situation which involves five languages from five different families: Even (Tungusic), Yakut (Turkic), Chukchi (Chukotko-Kamchatkan), Tundra Yukaghir (Yukaghir), and Russian (Slavic, Indo-European). Our research aims to show the ongoing changes in this setting and to explain the historical background of these trends. Design/methodology/approach: Our approach combines the results of a sociolinguistic survey, published data about the history and ethnography of the region, and observed linguistic effects of language contact. Data and analysis: The sample for our sociolinguistic study includes 196 individuals, born between 1878 and 1996. To assess the patterns of multilingualism we use two parameters: the number of acquired languages and the composition of the linguistic repertoires. To model the linguistic situation in the 20th century, an average life span parameter is used. Findings/conclusions: We demonstrate that in 1940 to 1980 it was most common for LK residents to use all languages of the region. Partly, at least, this was a consequence of the introduction of boarding schools, which became an additional domain for interethnic communication. In recent decades we observe a tendency for a shift to Russian with a concomitant decrease in speakers of the minority languages. Originality: We use an approach of retrospective interviews which allows us to cover a large time period and to provide an overview of changes in the multilingual setting during the 20th century. Thus, even though multilingualism in this area has already been discussed by Vakhtin, the methodological approach is different. Significance/implications: The paper contributes to the field of sociolinguistics, presenting a new case study of multilingualism from an area of Siberia which is understudied in this regard.
Panicle Apical Abortion 3 Controls Panicle Development and Seed Size in Rice
Authors: Yang Fayu , Xiong Mao , Huang Mingjiang , Li Zhongcheng , Wang Ziyi , Zhu Honghui , Chen Rui , Lu Lu , Cheng Qinglan , Wang Yan , Tang Jun , Zhuang Hui , Li Yunfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
In rice, panicle apical abortion is a common phenomenon that usually results in a decreased number of branches and grains per panicle, and consequently a reduced grain yield. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of panicle abortion is thus critical for maintaining and increasing rice production.

Results
We reported a new rice mutant panicle apical abortion 3 (paa3), which exhibited severe abortion of spikelet development on the upper part of the branches as well as decreased grain size over the whole panicle. Using mapping-based clone, the PAA3 was characterized as the LOC_ Os04g56160 gene, encoding an H+-ATPase. The PAA3 was expressed highly in the stem and panicle, and its protein was localized in the plasma membrane. Our data further showed that PAA3 played an important role in maintaining normal panicle development by participating in the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rice.

Conclusions
Our studies suggested that PAA3 might function to remove ROS, the accumulation of which leads to programmed cell death, and ultimately panicle apical abortion and decreased seed size in the paa3 panicle.
Serum free fatty acids are associated with severe coronary artery calcification, especially in diabetes: a retrospective study
Authors: Xin Yangxun , Zhang Junfeng , Fan Yuqi , Wang Changqian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations are associated with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus (DM). Few studies focused on the relationship between serum FFA levels and coronary artery calcification (CAC).

Methods
This was a retrospective, single-centered study recruiting patients underwent FFA quantification, coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). CAC severity was assessed with the maximum calcific angle (arc) of the calcified plaque scanned by IVUS. Patients with an arc ≥ 180° were classified into the severe CAC (SCAC) group, and those with an arc < 180° were classified into the non-SCAC group. Clinical characteristics, serum indices were compared between 2 groups. Logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curves (AUC) were performed.

Results
Totally, 426 patients with coronary artery disease were consecutively included. Serum FFA levels were significantly higher in the SCAC group than non-SCAC group (6.62 ± 2.17 vs. 5.13 ± 1.73 mmol/dl, p < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that serum FFAs were independently associated with SCAC after adjusting for confounding factors in the whole cohort (OR 1.414, CI 1.237–1.617, p < 0.001), the non-DM group (OR 1.273, CI 1.087–1.492, p = 0.003) and the DM group (OR 1.939, CI 1.388–2.710, p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed a serum FFA AUC of 0.695 (CI 0.641–0.750, p < 0.001) in the whole population. The diagnostic predictability was augmented (AUC = 0.775, CI 0.690–0.859, p < 0.001) in the DM group and decreased (AUC = 0.649, CI 0.580–0.718, p < 0.001) in the non-DM group.

Conclusions
Serum FFA levels were independently associated with SCAC, and could have some predictive capacity for SCAC. The association was strongest in the DM group.
Proton-pump inhibitor vs. H2-receptor blocker use and overall risk of CKD progression
Authors: Cholin Liza , Ashour Tarek , Mehdi Ali , Taliercio Jonathan J. , Daou Remy , Arrigain Susana , Schold Jesse D. , Thomas George , Nally Joseph , Nakhoul Nazih L. , Nakhoul Georges N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The relationship between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression remains controversial. Specifically, there is a lack of data evaluating renal outcomes in established CKD patients. The aim of our study is to determine the risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or death amongst CKD patients on PPI, histamine-2 receptor blocker (H2B), or no anti-acid therapy.

Methods
Using our CKD registry, we evaluated the relationship between PPI and H2B use and outcomes amongst patients with CKD (eGFR < 60), with at least 2 PCP visits in the year prior. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the relationship between medication groups and overall mortality, while competing risks regression models were used to determine the risk of ESKD with death as a competing risk.

Results
25,455 patients met inclusion criteria and were stratified according to medication group: no antacid therapy (15,961), PPI use (8646), or H2B use (848). At 4 years, the cumulative incidence of ESKD with death as a competing risk was 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7, 2.4), 1.5% (0.8, 2.8), and 1.6%(1.4, 1.9) among PPI, H2B, and no medication respectively (P = 0.22). The cumulative incidence of death with ESKD as a competing risk was 17.6% (95% CI: 16.6, 18.6), 16.7% (13.7, 19.8), and 17.3% (16.6, 18.0) (P = 0.71).

Conclusions
Use of PPI in a CKD population was not associated with increased mortality or progression to ESKD when compared to H2 blocker and to no acid suppressing therapy.
Renal recipients’ knowledge and self-efficacy during first year after implementing an evidence based educational intervention as routine care at the transplantation clinic
Authors: Urstad Kristin Hjorthaug , Wahl Astrid Klopstad , Moum Torbjørn , Engebretsen Eivind , Andersen Marit Helen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Following an implementation plan based on dynamic dialogue between researchers and clinicians, this study implemented an evidence-based patient education program (tested in an RCT) into routine care at a clinical transplant center. The aim of this study was to investigate renal recipients’ knowledge and self-efficacy during first year the after the intervention was provided in an everyday life setting.

Methods
The study has a longitudinal design. The sample consisted of 196 renal recipients. Measurement points were 5 days (baseline), 2 months (T1), 6 months (T2), and one-year post transplantation (T3). Outcome measures were post-transplant knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-perceived general health.

Results
No statistically significant changes were found from baseline to T1, T2, and T3. Participants’ levels of knowledge and self-efficacy were high prior to the education program and did not change throughout the first year post transplantation.

Conclusion
Renal recipients self-efficacy and insight in post-transplant aspects seem to be more robust when admitted to the hospital for transplantation compared to baseline observations in the RCT study. This may explain why the implemented educational intervention did not lead to the same positive increase in outcome measures as in the RCT. This study supports that replicating clinical interventions in real-life settings may provide different results compared to results from RCT’s. In order to gain a complete picture of the impacts of an implemented intervention, it is vital also to evaluate results after implementing findings from RCT-studies into everyday practice.
Adenoid cystic Carcinoma and Carbon ion Only irradiation (ACCO): Study protocol for a prospective, open, randomized, two-armed, phase II study
Authors: Lang Kristin , Adeberg Sebastian , Harrabi Semi , Held Thomas , Kieser Meinhard , Debus Jürgen , Herfarth Klaus 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare form of head and neck cancer with a slow, but aggressive growth pattern which remains a challenge for local tumor control. Based on phase II data, radiation treatment using partially high LET radiation results in a prolonged PFS and OS. There is a paucity of randomized clinical data examining the role of the use of high LET radiation only. Therefore, the purpose of this prospective clinical trial is to analyze local control rates in patients with node negative ACC treated with carbon ion radiotherapy alone compared to a combined modality approach.

Methods
This trial is conducted as a prospective, open-label, phase II, two-armed, investigator-initiated study comparing the local control rates in node negative ACCs of the head and neck treated either with sole carbon ion radiotherapy or a combination of carbon ions and photons. Secondary outcomes investigated are progression-free survival, overall survival, acute and late toxicity, and quality of life. A total of 314 patients will be randomly assigned to C12 treatment alone or bimodal treatment: Patients in the experimental group will receive a dose of 51 Gy (RBE) in 17 fractions and a boost of 15 Gy (RBE) in 5 fractions. Patients in the control group will receive 25 fractions photon IMRT 50Gy and a boost using 8 × 3 Gy (RBE) carbon ions. Local control will be assessed in regular follow up examinations until 5 years after the completion of treatment.

Discussion
The present trial aims to evaluate local control rates to compare sole carbon ion radiotherapy to bimodal radiotherapy with carbon ions and photons in patients with node negative ACCs of the head and neck region. Local control is selected as the primary endpoint due to its major clinical relevance because of slow but aggressive growth patterns.

Trial registration
The study was prospectively registered on 2nd January 2020: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04214366. “Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Carbon Ion Only Irradiation (ACCO)”.

Study status
Under recruitment, participant recruitment is not completed. Start of recruitment was January 2020. There are no results been published or submitted to any journal.
Bioinformatics analysis of C3 and CXCR4 demonstrates their potential as prognostic biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)
Authors: Quan Jing , Bai Yuchen , Yang Yunbei , Han Er Lei , Bai Hong , Zhang Qi , Zhang Dahong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The molecular prognostic biomarkers of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are still unknown. We aimed at researching the candidate biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of ccRCC.

Methods
Three ccRCC expression microarray datasets (include GSE14762, GSE66270 and GSE53757) were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ccRCC and normal tissues were explored. The potential functions of identified DEGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). And then the protein - protein interaction network (PPI) was established to screen the hub genes. After that, the expressions of hub genes were identified by the oncomine database. The hub genes’ prognostic values of patients with ccRCC were analyzed by GEPIA database.

Results
A total of 137 DEGs were identified by utilizing the limma package and RRA method, including 63 upregulated genes and 74 downregulated genes. It is found that 137 DEGs were mainly enriched in 82 functional terms and 24 pathways in accordance with the research results. Thirteen highest-scoring genes were screened as hub genes (include 10 upregulated genes and 3 downregulated candidate genes) by utilizing the PPI network and module analysis. Through integrating the oncoming database and GEPIA database, the author found that C3 and CXCR4 are not only overexpressed in ccRCC, but also associated with the prognosis of ccRCC. Further results could reveal that patients with high C3 expression had a poor overall survival (OS), while patients with high CTSS and TLR3 expressions had a good OS; patients with high C3 and CXCR4 expressions had a poor disease-free survival (DFS), while ccRCC patients with high TLR3 expression had a good DFS.

Conclusion
These findings suggested that C3 and CXCR4 were the candidate biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of ccRCC patients.
DNA index as prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the COG-TARGET database
Authors: Qiu Kun-yin , Liao Xiong-yu , He Zhan-wen , Wu Ruo-hao , Li Yang , Xu Lu-hong , Zhou Dun-hua , Fang Jian-pei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
This study was aimed to evaluate the value of DNA index(DI) among pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated on Children’s Oncology Group (COG) protocols between 2000 and 2015.

Methods
Retrospective study were analysis among pediatric ALL patients from the TARGET dataset.

Result
Totally, 1668 eligible pediatric patients were enrolled in this study. Of them, 993 are male and 675 are female with a median age of 7.6 years old. The median follow-up for those patients was 7.7 years (range 0.1–15.7 years). The probability of 15-year EFS and OS were reported to be 67.5 ± 3.1% and 78.3 ± 2.5%, respectively. BCR/ABL1 fusion gene affected the early treatment response and the survival of childhood ALL. Moreover, those patients with ETV6/RUNX1 fusion gene were also significantly associated with better EFS (HR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.8, P = 0.003) and OS (HR = 0.3, 95%CI 0.2–0.5, P < 0.001) compared to patients with no ETV6/RUNX1. On the contrary, BM NR on Day+ 29 showed a significant decrease in EFS (HR = 3.1, 95%CI 2.1–4.5, P < 0.001) and OS (HR = 1.7, 95%CI 1.1–2.8, P = 0.026).
Multivariate analysis showed that DI was significantly associated with better EFS and OS. The threshold effect of DI on poor outcome was significant after adjusting for potential confounders. The adjusted regression coefficient (Log RR) was 0.7 (95%CI 0.1–3.2, P = 0.597) for DI < 1.1 while 8.8 (95%CI 1.4–56.0, P = 0.021) for DI ≥ 1.2 and 0.0 (95%CI 0.0–0.8, P = 0.041) for 1.1 ≤ DI < 1.2. Generalized additive models revealed that the lowest rates of the adverse outcomes estimated to occur among DI between 1.1 and 1.2.

Conclusion
For those childhood ALL treated on COG protocols between 2000 and 2015, ETV6/RUNX1 and BM NR were closely related to the prognosis. Moreover, the DI between 1.1 and 1.2 can serve as a significant cut-point discriminating the risk group, which indicated a favourable prognostic factor.
Risk assessment in interstitial lung disease: the incremental prognostic value of cardiopulmonary ultrasound
Authors: Zhu Wei-wei , Li Hong , Li Yi-dan , Sun Lanlan , Kong Lingyun , Ye Xiaoguang , Cai Qizhe , Lv Xiu-zhang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The mortality risk of chronic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is currently assessed using the ILD-GAP score. The present study evaluates whether the addition of cardiopulmonary ultrasound parameters to the ILD-GAP score can further improve the predictive value of ILD-GAP.

Methods
Medical records from 91 patients with ILD hospitalized from June 2015 to March 2016 were retrospectively examined. The Lung ultrasound (LUS) score, right ventricular (RV) function, and mechanics were obtained from the cardiopulmonary ultrasound. The ILD-GAP score was calculated from demographic characteristics and pulmonary function parameters. Patients were followed up with until May 2020. The primary endpoint was all-cause death.

Results
After exclusions, 74 patients with ILD were included in the analysis. During the follow-up period, 36 patients with ILD survived (ILDs), and 38 patients died (ILDd). Compared to ILDs, the ILDd cases exhibited a higher number of B-lines, LUS score, and RV end-diastolic base dimension (RVD), but lower RV function. In multivariate analysis, the ILD-GAP score (hazard ratio, 2.88; 95% CI 1.38–5.99, P = 0.005), LUS score (hazard ratio 1.13; 95% CI 1.04–1.24, P = 0.006), and RVD (hazard ratio 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.16, P = 0.004) were significantly related to the risk of death. Adding the LUS score and RVD to the ILD-GAP score significantly improved the predictive value compared to the ILD-GAP score alone (C statistics 0.90 vs 0.76, P = 0.018).

Conclusion
We investigated the utility of a new prognostic model for ILD that includes both cardiopulmonary ultrasound parameters (LUS score and RVD) and the ILD-GAP score. This model better reflects the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and cardiac involvement, and has incremental predictive value over the ILD-GAP score alone.
Effect of concurrent repair of medial meniscal posterior root tears during high tibial osteotomy for medial osteoarthritis during short-term follow-up: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kyun-Ho Shin , Hyun-Jae Ryoo , Ki-Mo Jang , Seung-Beom Han 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMedial meniscal posterior root tears (MMPRTs) are frequently associated with medial compartment osteoarthritis, leading to loss of meniscal hoop tension. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of concurrent MMPRT repair during high tibial osteotomy (HTO) compared to HTO alone in patients with medial osteoarthritis and MMPRTs.MethodsThe MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies reporting on concurrent MMPRT repair during HTO. Pre- and postoperative data were pooled to investigate the treatment effects of concurrent MMPRT repair during HTO, and compare postoperative clinical, radiological, and arthroscopic outcomes including cartilage status and healing event rates according to the arthroscopic classification of MMPRT healing (complete, partial [lax or scar tissue], or failed healing) between HTO patients with and without concurrent MMPRT repair. The random-effect model was used to pool the standardized mean differences, odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and event rates.ResultsSeven patient subgroups in six articles divided according to meniscal repair techniques were included in the final analysis. Concurrent MMPRT repair during HTO significantly improved the Lysholm score, while no intergroup differences were observed in the postoperative Lysholm and WOMAC scores, as well as radiological and arthroscopic outcomes. Those who underwent concurrent MMPRT repair showed a higher rate of complete meniscal healing (OR: 4.792, 95% CI, 1.95–11.79), with a pooled rate of complete meniscal healing of 0.327 (95% CI, 0.19–0.46).ConclusionConcurrent MMPRT repair during HTO for medial osteoarthritis with MMPRTs has little benefits on the clinical, radiological, and arthroscopic outcomes during short-term follow-up. Further accumulation of evidence is needed for long-term effects.