bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skull Base Angle Morphometry in South Indian Population with Review on Terminology
Authors: Raveendranath Veeramani , Dash Prafulla Kumar , Nagarajan Krishnan , Kavitha Thangaraj , Swathi Srinidhi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction Basal angle, Boogaard’s angle, and clival angle are frequently used in diagnosing the craniometric angle malformations either on radiography or now more on MRI. But anatomic and clinical studies have used varied terms for these parameters. We aimed to look for these parameters among a normal south Indian adult population to standardize the measurements and their terminology.
Materials and Methods One hundred MRI images (50 males and 50 female) were studied retrospectively. MRI images that were reported as normal by neuroradiologist were taken up for the study. Mean and the standard deviation of males and females were calculated for basal angle, Boogaard’s angle, and clival angle, separately. Unpaired t-test was used to analyze the significant difference (p < 0.05) between the genders. The intraclass coefficient correlation was used to analyze the interobserver variability.
Results The mean value of basal angle in males and females are 113°and 114°, respectively. The mean value of Boogaard’s angle in males and females are 120°and 121°, respectively. The mean value of clival angle in males and females are 157°and 155°, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between males and females in all three angles.
Conclusion Knowledge about the normal angles will be an important tool in understanding the normal and abnormal skull base. Since the type of skull varies in accordance with race, the normal craniometric angle also varies in accordance with race. The present study tried to standardize the parameters of normal skull base angles for appropriate correction of the anomalies and uniform usage of terminology.
Genome editing and ‘disenhancement’: Considerations on issues of non-identity and genetic pluralism
Authors: Feeney Oliver , Rakić Vojin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the decade prior to CRISPR-Cas9, Michael Parker criticised Julian Savulescu’s Procreative Beneficence (PB) Principle by arguing against the confidence to know what’s best in terms of genetic traits for our offspring. One important outcome of this criticism was a greater moral acceptance of deaf people genetically selecting deaf children. Although this outcome may have been morally controversial in an impersonal harm context, in such genetic selection (PGD) cases, a deaf child is not harmed in person-affecting terms because no other life is available to that child. We highlight that the person-affecting versus impersonal harm distinction is still held by many as making a significant moral difference to their overall argument (i.e. Savulescu, Parker, Boardman, De Miguel Beriain) and so for the purposes of this paper, we will assume it makes ‘some difference’ (even if only at the level of the message it sends out). Insofar as one considers the presence person-affecting harm to be morally important (and to whatever extent), the impersonal harm context in which the Parker–Savulescu debate arose thereby blunts an arguably even more radical outcome—that of genetically engineering, or gene editing, deafness into pre-existing embryos of future children. Now, the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 has revitalised such debates by reframing impersonal and person-affecting benefits/harms in the context of such disputes on the harm or not of a (chosen) disability. Replacing the genetic selection context with a genome editing context, we argue that Parker’s argument should also deem it morally acceptable for people who are deaf to genetically edit embryos to become children who are also deaf. Felicity Boardman’s recent comments suggest a similar radical potential as Parker’s, with the radicalness also blunted by an impersonal context (a context that Boardman, at least, sees as significant). We conclude that the genome editing reframing will push such arguments beyond what were originally intended, and this will create a more radical message that may help further define the relationship between new genomic technologies and disability.
Policy and weather influences on mobility during the early US COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wu Yihan , Mooring Todd A. , Linz Marianna 
Published: May 2021

Significance
This study investigates mobility changes during the first major quarantine period in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, assessing how human behavior changed in response to policies and to weather. Through mobility metrics based on tracking mobile devices, we show that consistent national behavioral change was associated with clear national messaging and independent of local policy. While the number of park visitations changed with weather conditions, generally, the changes apparently did not increase potential encounters between people. The independence of encounters and temperatures suggests that, if these results hold in the future, behavioral responses to short-term temperature variations may have, at most, a limited impact relative to any direct physical modulation of transmission by weather as the virus becomes endemic.
An emulator for the Lyman-α forest in beyond-ΛCDM cosmologies
Authors: Pedersen Christian , Font-Ribera Andreu , Rogers Keir K. , McDonald Patrick , Peiris Hiranya V. , Pontzen Andrew , Slosar Anže 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Interpreting observations of the Lyman-α forest flux power spectrum
requires interpolation between a small number of expensive simulations.
We present a Gaussian process emulator modelling the 1D flux power spectrum as
a function of the amplitude and slope of the small-scale linear matter power
spectrum, and the state of the intergalactic medium at the epoch of interest
(2 < z < 4).
This parameterisation enables the prediction of the flux power spectrum in
extended cosmological models that are not explicitly included in the training set,
eliminating the need to construct bespoke emulators for a number of extensions
to ΛCDM.
Our emulator is appropriate for cosmologies in which the linear matter power
spectrum is described to percent level accuracy by just an amplitude and
slope across the epoch of interest, and in the regime probed by eBOSS/DESI data.
We demonstrate this for massive neutrino cosmologies, where the emulator is able
to predict the flux power spectrum in a Σ mν=0.3 eV neutrino cosmology
to sub-percent accuracy, without including massive neutrinos in the training simulations.
Further parameters would be required to describe models with sharp features in the
linear power, such as warm or light axion dark matter.
This work will facilitate the combination of upcoming DESI data
with observations of the
cosmic microwave background, to obtain constraints on neutrino mass and
other extensions to ΛCDM cosmology.
High spin states in 71Ga *
Authors: Zhong Jian , Deng Li-Tao , Hu Shi-Peng , Wu Xiao-Guang , Srivastava P. C. , Saxena A. , Li Guang-Sheng , Zheng Yun , Li Cong-Bo , Chen Qi-Ming , He Chuang-Ye , Zhou Wen-Kui , Zhu Bao-Ji , Fang Qi-Wen , Hua Hui , Sun Jun-Jie , Sun Hui-Bin , Gan Lin , Zhao Hai-Ge , Luo Qi , Wu Zheng-Xin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Excited states in the odd-A nucleus 71Ga have been studied via the 70Zn(7Li,

)71Ga fusion-evaporation reaction with incident beam energies of 30 and 35 MeV. The level scheme is established up to spin

= (29/2+) and an excitation energy

6.6 MeV. A previously known sequence built on the 9/2+ state is extended as a novel rotational band originating from the

alignment. Furthermore, a negative-parity sequence is also reported. The observed energy levels of 71Ga have been interpreted in the framework of the nuclear shell model (SM).
Small shower CORSIKA simulations
Authors: Wibig Tadeusz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Extensive Air Showers (EAS) induced by cosmic ray particles of very low energies, owing to the significantly steep cosmic ray energy spectrum, dominate the secondary particle flux measured by single detectors and small shower arrays. Such arrays connected in extended networks can be used to determine potentially interesting spatial correlations between showers, which may shed new light on the nature of ultra high-energy cosmic rays. The quantitative interpretation of showers recorded by small local arrays requires a methodology that differs from that used by ordinary large EAS arrays operating in the "knee" region and above. We present "small EAS generator," a semi-analytical method for integrating cosmic ray spectra over energies of interest and summing over the mass spectra of primary nuclei in arbitrary detector configurations. Furthermore, we provide results on the EAS electron and muon fluxes and particle density spectra.
Students’ conceptual understanding and problem-solving of the Work-Energy and Impulse-Momentum Theorems in a flipped classroom
Authors: Alonzo S M D , Mistades V M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The study investigated the effect of using a flipped classroom approach on students’ understanding of the work-energy and impulse-momentum theorems. An intact class of Grade 12 STEM students took part in the study. The instructional materials needed for the lessons were compiled in a website that can be accessed by the students via desktop or a mobile device. The lesson calendar, study guide, modules, worksheets, and problem sets were organized in tabs and instructions were clearly stated for ease of use. Using Greeno’s model of scientific problem-solving and reasoning, the students’ solutions were analysed using maps of the problem-solving approaches they utilized. The students had difficulty comprehending problems and identifying which concepts are related to them. In terms of Greeno’s model, this implies that the students were not able to successfully translate concepts between domains. There were no traces of use of other domains apart from the abstract and symbolic domains, when an improved understanding must include translations between all four domains – namely, the concrete domain, which involves physical objects or events; the model domain, which refers to representations of objects or events; the abstract domain, which involves concepts or principles; and the symbolic domain, which is the mathematical representation of concepts.
Junior high school students’ risk perception of earthquakes in Bandung City
Authors: Saepulloh A , Siahaan P , Widodo A , Suhendi E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine students’ risk perceptions of earthquakes of junior high school students in Bandung City and whether factors such as gender, school location and school status affect their risk perceptions of earthquakes. A questionnaire on risk perceptions was given to 128 junior high school students in six schools in Bandung City. Based on data analysis using the independent t-test, there is a significant difference in risk perception between male and female students where female students (73.48) have a higher average risk perception score than male students (70.50). However, school location and school status do not affect risk perceptions since the results of the independent t-test showed no significant difference. This is because both are external factors, while the perception of risk is influenced by internal factors. In addition, among the risk perception components, the perception component towards disaster risk reduction has the highest value and the perception component toward risk potential has the lowest value. This indicates that the perception component towards disaster risk reduction gave the greatest contribution to the risk perception and junior high school students in Bandung City need to increase their risk perception of potential earthquakes.
Non stretching NMO (Normal-Moveout) correction with DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) algorithm, study case: shallow target seismic
Authors: Pebriana L V , Haris A , Abdullah A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Normal Move Out (NMO) Correction using Common Mid-Point (CMP) data based on shallow target seismic. It has several problems for NMO correction. This constraint is caused by changes in extreme velocity gradients, resulting in less optimum value shallow target Common Mid-Point (CMP). The increased velocity causes a stretch in the Normal moveout (NMO) process which can reduce the S/N ratio. To minimize the stretch effect on NMO processing, we use a dynamic time warping algorithm analysis seismic signal with dynamic time warping algorithm based calculation time shift at time series sequence. The results of the NMO-DTW show that there is no change phase and frequency in the trace seismic with the far offset. Because algorithm calculation is based on the initial trace on CMP.
Analysis of the rainfall event in 2018-2019 using the air stability index method at the Meteorological Station of Sultan Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh
Authors: Agroho F L , Syahreza S , Sugiyanto D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to determine the forecast of rain events with good results and can provide information on rain events to be right on target. In this study, an analysis of rainfall events in 2018 and 2019 was carried out using rainfall and radiosonde data at the Meteorological Station of Sultan Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. The analysis used with the atmospheric stability index method, which was taken by Radiosonde data, obtained information on atmospheric parameters such as temperature, dew point, pressure, and wind. This parameter can be used to predict rain events using the air stability index, where the indices used are Showalter Index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), CAPE, Total-Total Index (TT), K-Index, Severe Weather Threat Index (SWEAT). From the results of the stability indices verified by rainfall data observed by the Meteorological Station of Sultan Iskandar Muda. The results showed that the LI, SI, TT, and KI indices were good enough to predict rainfall, while the CAPE and SWEAT indices were still not good at predicting rainfall events. This information can then be used as a basic reference which is quite good to use through the upper air stability index approach in develop the rainfall forecast value.
The Development of student worksheets based on a scientific approach in the dynamic fluid concepts
Authors: Halim A , Ulandari S , Hamid A , Wahyuni A , Syukri M , Irwandi I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to develop student worksheets (SW) based on the Scientific Approach on the concept of dynamic fluids. Another objective is to determine the level of validity and response of students. The design of this study uses the R&D (Research and Development) method with the ADDIE model including the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. This research was conducted at the Public Middle School, Prisai Kutacane district, Southeast Aceh in class XI IPA 1, which numbered 36 people. The data collected comes from validity tests by experts, reliability, pilot tests and student responses. The data collection instruments that used were tests, questionnaires and observation sheets. The results showed that the SW validity level tested by experts was in the very good category. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that by applying the SW-based scientific approach, learning the dynamic fluid concept becomes more effective.
Influence of precast concrete joints on the ductility of beam elements
Authors: Bunyamin B , Silviana M , Lindawati L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of precast concrete joints on the resulting ductility. The research method was experimentally in a laboratory-based on ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) and ACI (American Concrete Institute). The design of concrete compressive strength was 14.50 MPa. The specimen used in this research consist of four beams, which are TRC (Top Reinforcement Concrete), THB (Top Hollow Block), BRC (Bottom Reinforcement Concrete), and BHB (Bottom Hollow Block). The size of beam used was 15 × 20 × 210 cm with the diameter of reinforcement bar were 12 mm (threaded steel) and 10 mm meanwhile the diameter of plain steel was 6 mm. The result showed that the ductility of TRC beam was 2.024, the ductility of THB beam was 2.526, the ductility of BRC beam was 1.237, and the ductility of BHB beam was 1.611. The ductility for hollow block is greater than normal reinforced concrete beam. Meanwhile, the load that occurs for hollow blocks is smaller.
Covid-19 forecast using Holt-Winters exponential smoothing
Authors: Djakaria I , Saleh S E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Covid-19 has spread throughout the world, including in Indonesia and it is known that the virus is reported to be highly contagious. Indonesia is the fourth-largest population for Covid-19 cases in Asia, while in the world the top three for covid-19 cases are United States, Brazil, and India, so it is inevitable, Indonesia will be greatly felt the spread of the pandemic coronavirus, even estimated to be freed from the coronavirus in a shorter period when compared to other countries with less exposure to COVID-19. In this paper, we study the covid-19 prediction model using Holt-Winters exponential smoothing, for a certain period. This study uses the Covid-19 pandemic data area of Gorontalo, Indonesia, from April 10 to October 13, 2020 (especially total cases). It was found that using Holt-Winters exponential smoothing, the best forecasting model is the one with smoothing parameters α = 0.1 and γ = δ = 0.5 for trend and seasonality respectively, which gives the smallest MAPE value of 6.14.
The use of Geogebra software in teaching mathematics
Authors: Tamam B , Dasari D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The development and presence of computer technology have opened opportunities and made it easy for many parties to use it in various aspects of life, including in the world of education, as a tool and means of supporting education. One computer program that can be used in mathematics learning is Geogebra software. Geogebra is a computer program to support teaching and learning mathematics subject, especially in geometry, algebra, and statistics. The various facilities provided by Geogebra software expect that it can be a great media to help its users visualise abstract geometric objects quickly, accurately, and efficiently. Furthermore, this article provides a brief description of Geogebra software as a medium for teaching mathematics. This article is library research. Here, the researcher uses the documentation method to collect data and then analyse the data gathered using content analysis. After analysed twelve related articles which revealed the advantages of using Geogebra in learning mathematics, it is found there are several significant results obtained. These findings, including Geogebra, ease students to comprehend geometry. Students also tend to be happier in learning geometry by using Geogebra, which operated by using a computer.
The development of mathematics teaching materials integrating by Augmented Reality Software and Android for deaf students
Authors: Anshori H , Novianingsih K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mathematics has a unique concept and context, so mathematics is not easy to learn. Many students find it difficult to understand about mathematical concepts especially for students who has physical disability, such as hearing impairment. Teaching materials is required in mathematics learning, especially the topic of angles. One of the teaching materials on the topic of angle is developed using the integration of augmented reality (AR) software and android. The aims of this research are to describe the development phases and to describe the evaluation result of the teaching material integrated by AR software and android. This research uses the development (R&D) method by adapting and modifying the steps of R&D used by Borg and Gall. The sources of the data and information in this research is an expert in deaf education, a media expert, a mathematics teacher and a seventh-grader deaf student at a Junior High School of inclusion in Bandung. The result of this research shows that the teaching material integrating by AR software and android for deaf students is very good based on the referred category. It can be used in learning mathematics in school.
Ethnomatematics: exploring the fundamentally mathematical activities and concepts of syawalan in Kaliwungu Kendal
Authors: Fitriyah A , Fitriani U 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Syawalan in Kaliwungu Kendal is a pilgrimage tradition to Islamic scholar grave who have a major influence in the spread of Islam in the surrounding area. This study aims to explore the fundamental mathematical activities and concept of the tradition. As the initial step of the research, the data about traditions are collected from various sources of literature. This research uses triangulation of sources by interviewing with religious leaders. The data are related to mathematical activities and concepts then. This article describes qualitatively about the results. The finding shows that it contains all of six fundamentally mathematical activities (explaining, designing, measuring, counting, locating dan playing). In the explaining activity, it contains a history of ritual and a shift in meaning to be a carnival. Then, the designing activity can be seen on the iron fence surrounding the tomb of Kyai Guru and various forms of objects in the carnival. Both contain geometry and transformation geometry. The locating activity comes about the determination of direction to graveyard and position of doing ritual syawalan. In mathematics, they can be solved by using optimization methods. Determining the size of blanket for a fence of Kyai Guru’s tomb belongs to the measuring activity. It can be done by using an integration or geometry concept. The counting activity is applied when people do a ritual “dzikr” (remembrance of Allah) by using a set number and playing as the last activity is visible in enjoying the rides and games that can be played in the carnival.
Students’ number sense on fraction problems
Authors: Sukma Y , Somakim S , Indaryanti I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to reveal how students’ number sense is used for solving fraction problems using a descriptive qualitative study design. Nine seventh grade students in Palembang was involved in this study who were selected purposively. Data were collected using a constructed-response test and interview. In taking the test and interview, participants were accompanied by a teacher who taught at the school, considering that they did not hesitate to communicate with the teacher and participants had studied fractions with that teacher. The instrument in this study consisted of four number sense problems that were related to fractions. This study showed that all participants could only fulfil one number sense component, namely the number of operations. The students were capable of operating fractions, but they did not possess the conceptual understanding.