bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenging Spanish: Ways for Nurses to Become Bilingual
Authors: Oderkirk Wendell 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A desire to provide culturally competent care to an increasing population of non-English-speakers may lead some nurses to consider learning another language as a way to minimize cross-cultural communication barriers. Nurses wishing to learn a second language may be surprised at the variety of ways to acquire bilingual skills, particularly in Spanish, the most common foreign language encountered in the United States. Reasons to learn Spanish are discussed and ways to do so are reviewed. Learning Spanish or another language can enrich the nurse-patient relationship, enhance nurses' self-esteem, and advance nurses' employment opportunities. Bilingual proficiency in English and Spanish (or another language) should be regarded as an authentic clinical skill supporting nurses' cultural and clinical competencies.
Preparing Staff to Deliver Age-Appropriate Nursing Care to Elderly Patients
Authors: Travis Shirley S , Duer Barbara 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Meeting the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations accreditation standard for age-appropriate care cannot be accomplished by a once-a-year inservice educational program. Educational offerings that address the specialty of gerontological nursing require deliberate decision-making regarding the generic and advanced competencies necessary for care of elderly patients. Finding the resources to effectively teach the essential (generic and advanced) content is challenging. This article suggests that a staff development department may use existing resources and personnel from other organizations to prepare nursing staff to deliver age-appropriate care to elderly patients.
Association Between Continuing Education and Job Satisfaction of Nurses Employed in Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Robertson Ethel M , Higgins Leslie , Rozmus Cathy , Robinson James P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: The purpose of this descriptive, correlational study was to investigate the relationship between continuing education and job satisfaction among RNs and licensed practical nurses (LPNs) employed in long-term care facilities.
Method: Herzberg's Motivational-Hygiene Theory was used as a framework to guide the design of the study. The Professional Educational Activities Scale and the McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale were completed by 110 nurses employed in long-term care facilities.
Results: No difference was found between type of employment status (full-time versus part-time) on the level of professional educational activities. However, RNs participated in more continuing education activities than LPNs. Nurses who reported higher family incomes also had greater participation in educational activities. Registered nurses reported greater job satisfaction than LPNs. No significant difference was found between the degree of job satisfaction for Black and White nurses. The results of this study indicated nurses who participated in more continuing education activities scored higher on the job satisfaction scale.
Conclusion: As the elderly population increases, a critical need exists for nurses to be knowledgeable about current research-based information, including the economic and psychosocial effects of illness in later life. To provide the most effective care for the elderly population, nurses in long-term care must be knowledgeable about the complexity and specific characteristics of chronic illnesses. Continuing education activities are an important way to access this information.
Hardiness and Anxiety as Predictors of Academic Success in First-Year, Full-Time and Part-Time RN Students
Authors: Patton Tracey J F , Goldenberg Dolly 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: The levels of hardiness and anxiety and their relationship with academic success were examined using the Personal Views Survey and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
Method: The instruments were administered to a nonprobability convenience sample of 41 full-time and part-time RN students enrolled in a BSN completion program.
Results: Participants perceived themselves as possessing moderately high levels of hardiness (mean = 72.90) and low levels of anxiety (state mean = 39.33; trait mean = 40.18), but for some, these characteristics did not relate to academic achievement. Statistical significance was set at .05.
Conclusion: These findings indicate how hardiness and anxiety can affect academic success, particularly in adult students, and provide some direction for educators and administrators in maximizing educational endeavors.
Oncology Nurses' Use of the Internet for Continuing Education: A Survey of Oncology Nursing Society Congress Attendees
Authors: Cobb Susan C , Baird Susan B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A publication and continuing education company conducted a survey at the 23rd Annual Oncology Nursing Society Congress to determine whether nurses are using the Internet and, if so, for what purposes. Survey results revealed that oncology nurses are using the Internet for a variety of educational purposes, which include drug information, literature searches, academic information, continuing education, and patient education. Continuing education providers should continue to pursue the Internet as a means of meeting the needs of oncology nurses for quick, up-to-date information in their field. There is a need for further documentation on the use of the Internet by nurses for continuing education, including topics and program formats that would be most beneficial.
Developing Collaborative Partnerships in Continuing Nursing Education: Walking the Talk
Authors: Daley Barbara J , Black Mary , Gessner Barbara , Sparks Rita Kisting , Kuramoto Alice M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze a reciprocal partnership developed among four university-based continuing education providers in Wisconsin. Members of this partnership collaborated in developing a statewide program to address the educational needs of nurses moving from acute or long-term care into community nursing. Components of the reciprocal partnership model were applied in developing this program. The partners identified that, despite the initial time investment, the collaborative approach was an advantage. The collaborative approach enhanced the quality of the program developed and reached a wider audience. Continuing nursing educators may want to consider partnership arrangements for program development and implementation.
Substance Abuse Education Liaisons: A Collaborative Continuing Education Program for Nurses in Acute Care Settings
Authors: Marcus Marianne T , Rickman Kathleen A , Sobhan Tanveer 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug abuse undermine physical and psychological well-being, contributing to the array of illnesses that necessitate admission to acute care settings. Addictive disorders often are undetected, underreported, or overshadowed by the primary illness. Nurses need continuing education to enhance competence in meeting this challenging problem.
Method: Through a unique collaboration between university faculty and acute care nurses from seven hospitals, the nurses attended 18 monthly workshops designed to meet their learning needs related to substance abuse.
Results: The nurses acquired essential knowledge and skills regarding substance abusing clients. The publication of a substance abuse resource manual and the establishment of a continuing network of professionals committed to improving practice are additional positive outcomes of this endeavor.
Conclusion: Project SAEL (Substance Abuse Education Liaisons) is a model that can be emulated by others.
Competency-Based Education: Maximize the Performance of Your Unlicensed Assistive Personnel
Authors: Barczak Nancy , Spunt Debra 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: Providing patient care by using the most cost effective means has compelled skill mix changes in many hospitals. The need for educational programs are crucial to prepare unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) for their new roles.
Method: Using a competency-based approach, an educational program was designed to develop specific technical skills to target complex competencies and to improve the participants' knowledge and skill performance. The educational program met the five program objectives.
Results: Unlicensed assistive personnel gained knowledge and competency in new skills, as assessed in the education program and when applied in the clinical units. The most important outcome was the participants' expressed eagerness to learn more and their desire to work as contributing members of the health care team.
Conclusion: The educational program adequately trained UAP and created a foundation of relationships and teamwork that enhanced the patient care delivery with cost efficiency.
Using Facilitators in Mock Codes: Recasting the Parts for Success
Authors: Cuda Sally , Doerr Donna , Gonzalez Melissa 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: Members of the CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Children's Hospital staff development committee identified a need for a mock code program which would address a range of learning needs for nurses and other caregivers with varying levels of knowledge, skills, and experience.
Method: We implemented a mock code program using experienced caregivers, usually emergency room and pediatric intensive care RNs and respiratory therapists to serve as facilitators to code participants during the mock code drills. Facilitators have dual roles of teaching and guiding the code participant as well as evaluating performance.
Results: Code participants and facilitators benefit from the design of this program. Debriefing session input and written program evaluations show that code participants value the opportunity to practice their skills in a nonthreatening situation in which they receive immediate feedback as needed. Facilitators learn to teach and coach and strengthen their own code knowledge and skills at the same time.
Conclusion: This mock code program serves as a unique way to include novice and experienced nurses in mock codes together. The knowledge, skills, and confidence of the code participants and the facilitators have matured. The design of the program allows for immediate teaching/learning where needed, as well as appropriate evaluation. This program develops stronger, calmer, more efficient, and more confident nurses during codes. Practice and equipment changes can be based on findings from the mock codes. The program is invaluable to patients, staff, and hospital.
Innominate Osteotomy and Varus Derotational Osteotomy in the Treatment of Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: Lehman William L , Grogan Dennis P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The long-term functional and radiographic outcome of congenital hip dysplasia in patients previously diagnosed and nonoperatively treated, who subsequently underwent operative treatment after walking age was retrospectively reviewed in 94 patients (87% return).
Innominate osteotomy (75 hips, 15.2 years mean follow up) yielded satisfactory late radiographic results in 33% of the subluxated hips and 50% of the dislocated hips, despite more encouraging results at one year (56% and 63.6% respectively).
Varus derotational femoral osteotomy (35 hips, 10.8 years mean follow up) yielded a satisfactory radiographic outcome in 55.6% of the subluxated hips and 38.5% of the dislocated hips, with little change from the results at one year.
Late diagnosis, late operative treatment, and complications of treatment, particularly ischemic necrosis of the femoral head, were predictive of poor outcome. Combined procedures (10 hips, 12 years mean follow up) or secondary open procedures were ineffective.
Although Severin radiographic grade varied with time, functional status remained virtually the same throughout individual follow up. Those patients followed beyond skeletal maturity who developed gross articular incongruity or osteoarthritis, showed a decline in functional status.
Reduction of Pain Inhibition on Voluntary Muscle Activation by Epidural Analgesia
Authors: Arvidsson Inga , Eriksson Enjar , Knutsson E , Arnér S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The influence of postoperative pain on muscle function, and the possible effect of local anesthetics on the normal muscle function are discussed. The integrated EMG (EMG) during maximum voluntary contraction of the quadriceps muscle was registered in ten patients the day after undergoing reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. Recordings were taken before, 5, 12, and 20 min to 25 min after epidural injection of 20 ml of 0.25% lidocaine with adrenaline (2.5 µg/ml). As pain gradually subsided, IEMG increased a mean of 2,728% 20 min to 25 min after injection (range 425% to 10,068%), compared to initial recordings before anesthesia. This indicates that pain relief plays a significant role in the ability to normally activate the quadriceps muscle after open knee surgery.
Neither the Hoffman (H-)reflex, nor maximum voluntary isokinetic muscle torque was appreciably affected by epidural injection of dilute local anesthetics, as tested on two healthy volunteers.
Infiltrations of local anesthetics info the distal part of the quadriceps muscle did not affect maximum voluntary isokinetic knee extension torque. From the experiments performed we conclude that it is possible to selectively block pain by injections of local anesthetics into the epidural space, without interfering with normal muscle function. It might thus be possible to prevent some of the postoperative muscle atrophy by using a continuous epidural analgesia for two to three days following surgery, and starting an early active physical therapy program.
A Modular Femur-Tibia Reconstruction System
Authors: Kotz R , Ritschl P , Trachtenbrodt J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: A 26 piece modular system for the reconstruction of the bones of the lower extremity from the femoral head to the distal third of the tibia is described. This modular system can be implanted without cement and allows for the intraoperative determination of the amount of resection necessary. The implant material is the well-known cast, Co-Cr-Mo alloy Vitallium.®
From 1982 to the end of 1985, 52 patients were treated with this cementless tumor endoprosthesis of the Kotz Modular Femur-Tibia Reconstruction System (KMFTR) at the University of Vienna, Department of Orthopedics. The locations of the tumors were: proximal femur (28), distal femur (17), and proximal tibia (7). In two cases a total femur was implanted and in another patient a total knee.
Indications for the resection of the bone segments and joints concerned included primary bone tumors, metastases, and loosening of conventional endoprostheses and tumor resection endoprostheses.
Twenty-one patients with an average follow up of 20.4 months and a minimum follow up of 1 year were evaluated according to Enneking's criteria. Eight patients had proximal femoral replacement. The results were excellent in two, good in five, and fair in one. Eleven patients had undergone replacement surgery in the knee joint area. The overall rating showed five excellent results, four good and two fair. One patient with a total femoral replacement had multiple bone metastases with polytopic pain and was no longer available for regular assessment. Another patient with a total knee replacement suffered a rupture of the patellar ligament after 10 months and had to be revised.
Radiologically we have observed excellent bone incorporation of the prosthesis in 15 of 25 evaluated patients. Ten cases showed no changes in radiologic features as compared to the initial findings. These were patients with short follow up periods.
Although complications did occur in these major surgical interventions, the final results were very satisfactory and the patients were subjectively content with the operation.
Conservative Management of Metatarsal and Heel Pain in the Adult Foot
Authors: D'Ambrosia Robert D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The Louisiana State University (LSU) Affiliated Hospitals foot clinic has had good success in the treatment of metatarsal and heel pain using the following five modalities. 1) Muscle strengthening and muscle stretching of the intrinsic muscles and the muscles about the ankfe joint, especially the gastrocnemius-soleus complex. 2) Contrast baths in the acute condition to decrease the edema and inflammatory process. 3) Nonsteroidal agents with the acute condition to decrease the inflammatory response. 4) Shoe modifications. 5) Orthotic devices.
Orthotic devices seem to be the most useful in the treatment of both conditions. It has been found necessary to prescribe orthotics in almost all cases of chronic problems to institute permanent relief.1,2
Opposition remains to multiple steroid injections into either area, although there is no great objection to one or possibly two injections into a particular area to decrease the inflammatory process. It has been observed that a general worsening of the condition occurs from multiple injections. After repeated steroid injections one sets the stage for increased atrophy of the fat pad, which results in a more prominent bony surface and increased pain. Cases have been documented on many occasions showing indented areas over the heel or metatarsals or complete loss of the metatarsal fat pad of patients who have received multiple injections of steroids.
The Natural History of Unfused Scoliosis
Authors: Edgar Michael A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Seventy-eight unfused patients with idiopathic scoliosis were followed from skeletal maturity over a mean period of 17 years (range 10 to 27 years) with a mean age at follow up of 33.7 years. The following aspects were investigated: curve deterioration, back pain incidence, and psychosocial details.
There was considerable variation in the progression rate of similar deformities but on average significant deterioration occurred when the Cobb angle was over 55° with a maximum deterioration approaching 1 .5° per year in the thoracic curves between 90° and 100° mature Cobb angle. Thoracolumbar and lumbar curves were slightly more benign with a maximum progression rate of about 1° when the mature angle was 80° to 90°. The thoracic component of double curves progressed least.
Rotation increased in proportion to the Cobb angle progression except in some lumbar curves where lateral subluxation occurred with a disproportionate amount of rotation. The incidence of back pain in relation to pain in the general population and in fused patients remains uncertain. Eighty-two percent of patients had married and 87% had job satisfaction; 10% received treatment for depression.
Controlling Anterior Tibial Displacement Under Static Load: A Comparison of Two Braces
Authors: Branch Thomas , Hunter Robert , Reynolds Peter 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: This article presents data comparing the restraining effect of the Lenox Hill® and the CTi brace to static loading using the KT-1000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer. Testing was performed at 25° and 90° in 15 patients with documented single ligament injuries involving the anterior cruciate. The opposite knee was determined to be normal by subjective and objective testing and was used as the control.
Results showed that the anterior drawer was more sensitive at 25° than at 90°, in differentiating the ACL deficient knee from the control leg. At 25°, using passive and active drawer tests, both the Lenox Hill and the CTi brace improved the ACL deficient knee significantly. With 15 Ib of passive loading, both the Lenox Hill and the CTi brace improved the drawer to within normal limits. However, only the CTi brace was able to return the drawer to within the normal range at the 20 Ib force level. Neither brace improved the drawer to norma! when subjected to the higher loads created by an active drawer test. At 90°, 15 Ib of passive loading could not discriminate between the braced and the unbraced knee or between the normal and ACL deficient knee. When 20 Ib of force was applied, only the CTi brace improved the drawer significantly, which placed the drawer into the normal range.
Under static testing conditions, the CTi brace proved to be better than the Lenox Hill in controlling the anterior drawer in flexion and at 20 Ib of passive loads; however, when higher loading forces were used in the active anterior drawer test, neither brace was effective in controlling anterior tibial translation.
Leg Length Equalization During Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Woolson Steven T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: A method of equalization of leg lengths during total hip replacement surgery was developed which utilizes the concept of equalizing the vertical dimensions of the resected femoral head and neck segment and the remaining hip joint cartilage space, which are removed during the procedure, with the vertical dimensions of the femoral and acetabular prostheses, which are implanted into that void. This was accomplished by determining the dimensions of the prostheses from careful preoperative templating technique and by using a simple arithmetic formula to determine the level of the femoral neck osteotomy. The level of the osteotomy was made by a measurement from the top of the dislocated head of the femur to the medial femoral neck calcar.
The radiologic postoperative leg length differences of a consecutive series of 84 patients undergoing primary total hip replacement using this method were determined. The average discrepancy was 2.8 mm. Seventy-five patients (89%) were found to have a postoperative leg length discrepancy of 6 mm (1/4 inch) or less. Six patients (7%) had a discrepancy of 7 to 13 mm, and only three patients (4%) had more than 13 mm (1/2 inch) leg length difference. Using this technique only two patients (2.5%) with unilateral hip replacements had leg lengthening of more then 6 mm.
CT-GUIDED BIOPSY OF METASTATIC SACRAL TUMORS
Authors: Settle William J , Ebraheim Nabil A , Coombs Robert , Saunders R Craig , Jackson W Thomas 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTBetween June 8, 1985 and January 29, 1986, the authors performed five CT-guided needle biopsies of suspicious sacral lesions. In each of the five cases, these biopsies allowed the acquisition of specimens suitable for definitive pathologic diagnosis. Three cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma, one case of desmoplastic fibroma, and one case of chronic inflammatory changes were noted. In the case involving chronic inflammatory changes, subsequent open biopsy was performed, confirming the inflammatory changes and absence of neoplasm. The authors conclude that percutaneous CT-guided biopsy of sacral lesion can be performed safely and rapidly, and allows accurate diagnosis and treatment of sacral lesions.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP AND AVASCULAR NECROSIS
Authors: Binnet Mehmet S , Chakirgil Gungor S , Adiyaman Sinan , Ates Yalim 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The most important complication following the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip is avascular necrosis. The potential sequelae that may arise after the onset of avascular necrosis are worse than if the hip remained dislocated. We evaluated 38 hips in which avascular necrosis developed after reduction. The average patient age at the time of reduction was 4.3 years, with a follow up of 6 to 15 years. Twelve hips had closed reduction and 26 had open reduction. Following reduction, 8 hips had Type I, 6 had Type II, 9 had Type III, and 15 had Type IV avascular necrosis. In this article, we evaluate our cases and review current literature on the subject. Close follow up and timely interventions can reduce potential sequelae to a minimum.