bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Tip Diameter and Light Spectrum of Curing Units on the Properties of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites
Authors: Cardoso Igor Oliveiros , Machado Alexandre Coelho , Fernandes Luísa de Oliveira , Soares Paulo Vinícius , Raposo Luís Henrique Araújo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different light-curing units (LCUs) with distinct tip diameters and light spectra for activating bulk-fill resins.
Materials and Methods The specimens (n = 10) were made from a conventional composite (Amaris, VOCO) and bulk-fill resins (Aura Bulk Fill, SDI; Filtek One, 3M ESPE; Tetric Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) with two diameters, 7 or 10 mm, × 2 mm thickness. Following 24 hours of specimen preparation, the degree of conversion (DC) was evaluated using the Fourier-transform infrared unit. Knoop hardness (KHN) readings were performed on the center and periphery of the specimens. Data were assessed for homoscedasticity and submitted to one-way and three-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey's and Dunnett's tests, depending on the analysis performed (α = 0.05).
Results LCUs and specimen diameter significantly affected the DC. The Tetric Bulk Fill provided increased DC results when light-cured with Valo (54.8 and 53.5%, for 7 and 10 mm, respectively) compared with Radii Xpert (52.1 and 52.9%, for 7 and 10 mm, respectively). No significant differences in KHN results were noted for the conventional resin composite (Amaris) compared with LCUs (p = 0.213) or disc diameters (p = 0.587), but the center of the specimen exhibited superior KHN (p ≤ 0.001) than the periphery.
Conclusion The light spectrum of the multipeak LCU (Valo) significantly increased the DC and KHN of the bulk-fill resin composite with additional initiator to camphorquinone (Tetric Bulk Fill) compared with the monowave LCU (Radii Xpert). The tip size of the LCUs influenced the performance of some of the resin composites tested.
Himalayan Fibrillatory Waves in Juvenile Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Akheela Mohamed Kassim , Ahmed A. Shaheer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An 18-year-old girl, a known case of rheumatic mitral stenosis, presented with dyspnea and palpitations. Electrocardiogram was done, which revealed atrial fibrillation and a large amplitude atrial fibrillatory wave, which was more than the voltage of R wave V1, a finding which is quite uncommon. Echocardiography revealed a large left atrium which was 80 mm in diameter. The patient was started on oral anticoagulation and referred for mitral valve replacement with maze procedure.
High Risk of Venous Thrombosis Recurrence in Fully Anticoagulated Patient with Antithrombin Deficiency during COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Kovac Mirjana , Markovic Olivera , Lalic-Cosic Sanja , Mitic Gorana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCoagulation dysfunction is a serious issue in patients with Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). With regard to recently published studies, a high number of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to COVID-19 developed life-threatening thrombotic complications despite anticoagulation. We report a case of young woman with the type-II heparin-binding site (HBS) antithrombin (AT) deficiency (Budapest 3-homozygous), who developed acute deep vein thrombosis on two occasions due to COVID-19 infection in the course of stable anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonist. The first thrombotic event was observed during mild COVID-19 infection, while the second thrombotic event she developed 2 months after she was negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our case highlights the complexity of the treatment in this particular type of thrombophilia and the need for precaution even in mild forms of viral infection. In the treatment of acute thrombosis, AT-deficient patients may benefit from the use of AT concentrate along with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), while in cases of type II-HBS, AT supplementation is mandatory.
Hair Transplant for Eyebrow Restoration
Authors: Rajput Rajendrasingh J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEyebrow restoration can be best done with individual single hair follicles grafts harvested by FUE. Understanding the male and female eyebrow allows us to plan an aesthetic reconstruction, requiring 70 to 120 grafts. Selection of donor hair, angle of placement, alignment and direction within the rows influences the results, as does scarring and perfusion of the skin. Details of planning, technique, anesthesia and postoperative care, as well as drawbacks of older methods, are discussed in the article.
Genetic Counseling for Bladder Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex
Authors: Reutter Heiko , Holmdahl Gundela 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) represents the severe end of the uro-rectal malformation spectrum and has profound impact on continence, sexual, and renal function. Treatment of BEEC is primarily surgical, and the main goals are safe closure of the abdominal wall, urinary continence while preserving renal function, and adequate cosmetic and functional genital reconstruction. Psychosocial and psychosexual outcomes and adequate health-related quality of life depend on long-term multidisciplinary care. The overall outcome is now considered very positive and affected individuals usually lead self-determined and independent lives with the desire to start their own families later in life. Certainty about the risk of recurrence and the provision of information about the current state of knowledge about the identified genetic causes with high penetrance will have an impact on family planning for healthy parents with an affected child and for affected individuals themselves. This review addresses this information and presents the current state of knowledge.
A gene-centric approach to biomarker discovery identifies transglutaminase 1 as an epidermal autoantigen
Authors: Landegren Nils , Ishii Norito , Aranda-Guillén Maribel , Gunnarsson Hörður Ingi , Sardh Fabian , Hallgren Åsa , Ståhle Mona , Hagforsen Eva , Bradley Maria , Edqvist Per-Henrik D. , Pontén Fredrik , Mäkitie Outi , Eidsmo Liv , Norlén Lars , Achour Adnane , Dahlbom Ingrid , Korponay-Szabó Ilma , Agardh Daniel , Alimohammadi Mohammad , Eriksson Daniel , Hashimoto Takashi , Kämpe Olle 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceThe nine-member transglutaminase protein family includes five known autoantigens. Because of the frequent roles of transglutaminases in autoimmunity, we decided to explore whether the remaining members might also constitute autoantigens, but in as-yet-unexplained disorders. We turned to TGM1, and since this member is primarily expressed in squamous epithelia, we focused on skin disorders. By screening a broad range of acquired skin disorders, we identified TGM1 to be a major autoantigen in the severe blistering disease paraneoplastic pemphigus. This study illustrates a gene-centric approach to biomarker discovery—starting from a putative autoantigen to search for its corresponding disease—that may prove generally applicable for studies of autoimmunity.
Authoring support for Spanish language writers
Authors: Rabadán Rosa , Pizarro Isabel , Sanjurjo-González Hugo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Authoring support consists of (semi)automated aids to be used at different stages during the writing process. Language information, however, tends to be restricted to areas such as spelling and grammar checking or term banks, and text construction difficulties that writers face concerning the structure of particular genres, associated sentence formulations or genre-specific vocabulary have not received proper attention. An additional gap in the research is that this support is generally addressed to English language users. This paper addresses these concerns focusing on a particular genre: the company’s directors’ report, and on Spanish language writers writing in English. A custom-made monolingual corpus has been analyzed using Bhatia (1993, 2004) and Swales (1990, 2004) definitions of genre and move combined with theme characterization. Recurrent strings for each move/step, which are conventionally associated with each rhetorical unit, were identified and formulated as “meta-strings.” The bilingual glossary includes domain-specific items as well as move/step or genre-specific lexical and phraseological options, i.e., elements used irrespective of the business, places or people involved. The results are valuable by themselves, as an analysis of the genre, but also as the empirical basis for the authoring support tool that we present here, and as language training materials.
Pleistophora typicalis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Pleistophora typicalis
, known only from
Myoxocephalus scorpius
, the shorthorn sculpin or bull-rout,
M. quadricornis
, the fourhorn sculpin, and
Taurulus bubalis
, the longspined bullhead, all 3 species of the fish family Cottidae (Scorpaeniformes). Some information on its morphology, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Europe (France, Russia and UK)) and hosts (
Myoxocephalus scorpius, M. quadricornis
and
Taurulus bubalis
).
Automated segmentation of metal stent and bioresorbable vascular scaffold in intravascular optical coherence tomography images using deep learning architectures
Authors: Lau Yu Shi , Tan Li Kuo , Chan Chow Khuen , Chee Kok Han , Liew Yih Miin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent placement is a treatment effective for coronary artery diseases. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) with high resolution is used clinically to visualize stent deployment and restenosis, facilitating PCI operation and for complication inspection. Automated stent struts segmentation in OCT images is necessary as each pullback of OCT images could contain thousands of stent struts. In this paper, a deep learning framework is proposed and demonstrated for the automated segmentation of two major clinical stent types: metal stents and bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS). U-Net, the current most prominent deep learning network in biomedical segmentation, was implemented for segmentation with cropped input. The architectures of MobileNetV2 and DenseNet121 were also adapted into U-Net for improvement in speed and accuracy. The results suggested that the proposed automated algorithm’s segmentation performance approaches the level of independent human obsevers and is feasible for both types of stents despite their distinct appearance. U-Net with DenseNet121 encoder (U-Dense) performed best with Dice’s coefficient of 0.86 for BVS segmentation, and precision/recall of 0.92/0.92 for metal stent segmentation under optimal crop window size of 256.
Barrow Entropy Cosmology: an observational approach with a hint of stability analysis
Authors: Leon Genly , Magaña Juan , Hernández-Almada A. , García-Aspeitia Miguel A. , Verdugo Tomás , Motta V. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, we use an observational approach and dynamical system analysis to study the cosmological model recently proposed by Saridakis (2020), which is based on the modification of the entropy-area black hole relation proposed by Barrow (2020). The Friedmann equations governing the dynamics of the Universe under this entropy modification can be calculated through the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture. We investigate two models, one considering only a matter component and the other including matter and radiation, which have new terms compared to the standard model sourcing the late cosmic acceleration. A Bayesian analysis is performed in which using five cosmological observations (observational Hubble data, type Ia supernovae, HII galaxies, strong lensing systems, and baryon acoustic oscillations) to constrain the free parameters of both models. From a joint analysis, we obtain constraints that are consistent with the standard cosmological paradigm within 2σ confidence level. In addition, a complementary dynamical system analysis using local and global variables is developed which allows obtaining a qualitative description of the cosmology. As expected, we found that the dynamical equations have a de Sitter solution at late times.
Effects of rotation errors on goniometric measurements
Authors: Molloy E , Saunders P , Koo A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Goniometric measurements are essential for the determination of many optical quantities, and quantifying the effects of errors in the rotation axes on these quantities is a complex task. In this paper, we show how a measurement model for a four-axis goniometric system can be developed to allow the effects of alignment and rotation errors to be included in the uncertainty of the measurement. We use three different computational methods to propagate the uncertainties due to several error sources through the model to the rotation angles and then to the measurement of bidirectional reflectance and integrated diffuse reflectance, a task that would otherwise be intractable. While all three methods give the same result, the GTC Python package is the simplest and intrinsically provides a full uncertainty budget, including all correlations between measurement parameters. We then demonstrate how the development of a measurement model and the use of GTC has improved our understanding of the system. As a consequence, taking advantage of negative correlations between measurements in different geometries allows us to minimise the total uncertainty in integrated diffuse reflectance, lowering the standard uncertainty from 0.0029 to 0.0015.
Temperature distribution in a subduction zone
Authors: Kirdyashkin A G , Kirdyashkin A A , Nepogodina Yu M 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA model of the thermal and hydrodynamic structure of the subduction zone is proposed. This model includes free convection flows in the asthenospheric layer and layerC(mantle transition zone). Temperature profiles in the subducting lithospheric plate, as well as in the continental limb of the subduction zone, are presented. The heat flux due to friction at the contact between the subducting plate and the continental limb significantly affects the heat transfer and, consequently, the temperature field formation in the subduction zone. The temperature level in the crustal layer of the submerging plate implies that there is no melting in the crustal layer.
Flow control by distributed suction behind three-dimensional roughness element on the straight wing model
Authors: Kaprilevskaya V S , Pavlenko A M , Katasonov M M , Kozlov V V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the close investigation of the flow over perforated suction section in the presence of the three-dimensional roughness element. Measurements were conducted over the surface of the straight wing with and without suction. It was shown that distributed suction allows diminishing the intensity of longitudinal structure. Also the boundaries of the effective suction usage were found.
Effect of Local Turbulent Structures on the Hot Jet in Transitional Flow
Authors: Sakhnov A , Lukashov V V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Turbulent parts localized in flow direction may arise in a pipe with transitional regime of the stable laminar Poiseuille flow. A key condition for occurrence of such structures is a pipe with rather long length relative to its diameter. Our paper presents numerical modelling of the hot air jet flowing from the long pipe into the cold open volume at Re=2426. The modelling was performed in OpenFOAM software on the basis of the large eddy simulation (LES) method. The WALE (Wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity) model was used for closure of Navier-Stokes equations on subgrid scales. We demonstrated that local turbulent structures have a weak effect on the hot jet at flowing into the cold open volume.
Investigation of unsteady combustion of methane-air flame in a model combustion chamber with swirling flow
Authors: Lobasov A S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present paper reports on the investigation of unsteady combustion of a methane-air mixture, including combustion at increased pressure in the combustion chamber and increased temperature of mixture heating for a model gas-turbine swirl burner based on a design by Turbomeca. To measure the velocity and OH fluorescence fields in the flows a combination of stereoscopic PIV and acetone PLIF systems is used. In all cases, the flow dynamics is associated with the movement of large-scale vortex structures in the inner and outer mixing layers and the flow structure corresponds to a swirling jet with a central recirculation zone containing combustion products. An increase in the heating temperature of the mixture and pressure in the combustion chamber leads to a periodic partial separation of the flame from the model swirl nozzle. However, the flow of fuel through the central channel will stabilize the flame.
Numerical simulation of flow dynamics and heat transfer in a rectangular channel with periodic ribs on one of the walls
Authors: Barsukov A V , Terekhov V V , Terekhov V I 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe result of numerical simulation of a turbulent flow in a flat channel with a periodic transverse rib by the RANS and LES methods is presented. The Reynolds number, calculated from the rib height and the superficial velocity, is Re = 12600. The data obtained as a result of the study demonstrate the influence of the modeling method and the turbulence model on the quality of heat transfer prediction. The optimal model for this type of problems is presented.
Large-eddy simulation of a reacting swirling flow in a model combustion chamber
Authors: Hrebtov M Yu , Palkin E V , Slastnaya D A , Mullyadzhanov R I , Alekseenko S V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We perform Large-eddy simulations of a non-premixed swirling flame in a model of a combustion chamber with a swirling air bulk flow at Re = 15000 and a central pilot low-velocity jet with methane using the Flamelet-generated manifold model. The unsteady behaviour of this regime is well reproduced based on the flame dynamics. The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy suggests the presence of intensive vortical structures typical of high-swirl flows similar to the precessing vortex core.
The effect of Reynolds number on near-wall reverse flow in a turbulent duct flow
Authors: Ivashchenko V A , Zaripov D I , Mullyadzhanov R I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The influence of the Reynolds number on the statistics of a near-wall reverse flow phenomenon, taking place in a turbulent duct flow, is studied. An increase in the NWRF probability is found in both the core and corner regions of the duct walls for higher Reynolds number. The mechanism of the NWRF formation, described recently by Zaripov et al. [1, 2], is validated for higher Reynolds number flows.
Investigation of the swirled flow structure in the improved four-vortex furnace model
Authors: Shadrin E Yu , Anufriev I S , Alekseenko S V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The flow structure in a model of promising four-vortex furnace is investigated using three-dimensional laser Doppler anemometry method (3D-LDA). Using the “minimum total pressure” criterion, a vortex flow structure was visualized: the core looks like a deformed elliptical cylinder. Results has been compared with early PIV experiments and showed good agreement. The mathematical model for full-scale furnace numerical studies can be verified using these data.
Modern methods of direct numerical simulations of transfer processes in random media
Authors: Derevich I V , Klochkov A K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the methods of direct numerical investigation of the behaviour of dynamical systems of explosive type under the influence of random noise. Dynamical systems are described by a system of nonstationary ordinary differential equations (ODE). The dynamics of the system, taking into account random noise, is described by a system of stochastic ordinary differential equations (SODE). The paper provides an overview of modern algorithms based on modifications of Runge – Kutta integration methods. The features of the analysis of weak and strong convergence of the SODE integration methods are described. Methods for generating random noise with complex temporal structure (color noise) are described. The method of numerical solution of the system of SODE is used to generate random color noise. Examples of the study of the influence of random noise on biological and mechanical systems of explosive type are presented. It is shown that random noises acting on such systems qualitatively change the character of their behaviour.
Multi-scale flow patterns during immiscible displacement of oil by water in a layer-inhomogeneous porous media
Authors: Kuznetsov V V , Safonov S A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of numerical study of the relationship between micro-and macroscale flows during immiscible displacement in a two-layer porous medium. A feature of the proposed approach is the allowance for large-scale capillarity induced flow due to curvature of the displacement front in macro-inhomogeneous porous medium. The physical mechanisms determining the development of viscous instability in a layer-inhomogeneous porous medium are considered, the methods for suppressing viscous fingers formation based on the stabilization of the displacement front due the action of capillary forces are proposed.
Mathematical modeling of three-layer flows with evaporation based on exact solutions
Authors: Laskovets E V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The stationary flow in the “liquid-liquid-gas” system in a horizontal channel with solid impermeable upper and lower walls is investigated. Mathematical modeling in each of the layers of the system is based on exact solutions of a special type of Navier-Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation. The processes of vapor evaporation or condensation at the liquid-gas interface are modeled using the boundary conditions of the problem. In the upper layer the thermal diffusion effect and the effect of diffusional thermal conductivity are taken into account. Examples of three-layer flows for the “silicone oil - water - air” system are given. The influence of the thermal regime at the boundaries of the system and the thickness of the upper layer on the longitudinal velocity and temperature distribution is considered.
Movement of gas slug in annular channels with different diameter ratios
Authors: Kashinsky O.N. , Kurdumov A.S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The motion of gas slugs in annular channels was studied experimentally. The outer tube diameter was 32 mm. The inner tube diameter varied from 4 to 25 mm. The gas slugs were produced by injecting air through a capillary tube. The shapes of gas slugs were studied by high-speed videos. The paper presents data on the rise velocity of gas slugs in the channels, and wall shear stress measurements, performed by electrodiffusional technique. The probes were mounted on both walls of the channel. The evolution of wall shear stress during slug passage was recorded.