bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermophysical characteristics of the formed layer of foam coke when protecting fabric from fire by a formulation based on modified phosphorus-ammonium compounds
Authors: Tsapko Yuriy , Tsapko Аleksii , Bondarenko Olga , Chudovska Viktoriia 
Published: July 2021

This paper reports the analysis of flame retardants for fabrics that has established that the meagerness of the data that explain and describe the process of fire protection, as well as the neglect of elastic coatings, leads to the combustion of structures made from fabrics under the influence of flame. The development of reliable methods to study the fire protection conditions for fabrics leads to the design of new types of fireproof materials. Therefore, it becomes necessary to define the conditions for the formation of a barrier for burning and flame propagation by a piece of fabric and for establishing a mechanism that would inhibit a temperature transfer to the material. To address this issue, an estimation-experimental method has been devised for determining thermal conductivity when using a fire protection agent as a coating, which makes it possible to assess the thermal conductivity coefficient under the effect of high temperature. Based on the experimental data and theoretical dependences, the coefficient of thermal conductivity for the fire-resistant layer of foam coke was calculated, 0.034 W/(m∙K), which, accordingly, ensures the heat resistance of the fabric. The study results have proven that the process of the thermal insulation of fabric involves the formation of soot-like products at the surface of the sample. The inhibition of the process of heat transfer to the material treated with a composition based on modified phosphorus-ammonium compounds is characterized by the formation of a heat-protective layer of coke at the surface of the fabric. The maximum possible penetration of temperature through the thickness of the coating has been estimated. At the surface of the sample, a temperature was generated that significantly exceeds the ignition temperature of the fabric, and, at the non-heated surface, does not exceed 150 °C. Thus, there is reason to assert the possibility of targeted adjustment of fire protection processes in the fabric by applying coatings that can form a protective layer on the surface of the material, which inhibits the rate of heat transfer
Approach to assessment of prerequisites for implementation of strategic directions of innovative development of industrial enterprises
Authors: Illiashenko Sergiy , Illiashenko Nataliia , Shypulina Yuliia , Raiko Diana , Bozhkova Viktoriia 
Published: July 2021

The present research substantiates the theorical and methodological foundations of quantitative assessment of the prerequisites for the implementation of strategic directions of innovative development of industrial enterprises under conditions of changing technological arrangement and the fourth industrial revolution. External and internal prerequisites for catching-up, leading and outstripping innovative development were determined and systematized. The two-step approach to assessing the sufficiency of prerequisites for the implementation of these directions was developed. It was proposed to assess external prerequisites according to the relative values of the indicators of the Global Innovation Index of the analyzed country, which take into account the highest and the lowest estimates of all countries Unlike existing approaches, the point-based score, rather than rating estimates of the indicators of countries are taken into account, which increases the assessment objectivity. The compliance of quantitative estimates with the levels of sufficiency of external prerequisites was determined using the Harrington Verbal-Numerical scale. It was proposed to assess internal prerequisites according to the author’s method of expert evaluations, which unlike existing ones, allows assessing the level of sufficiency of subsystems of the potential of innovative development of an enterprise. The two-step approach allows quantitative and comprehensive assessment of sufficiency of the prerequisites for the implementation of strategic directions of innovative development of industrial enterprises. It is possible to identify problems of prerequisites’ sufficiency, which allows their reasonable correction. The sufficiency of prerequisites for alternative directions of innovative development of machine-building enterprises was evaluated using the new approach and the best directions were chosen. The analysis time was reduced by 25–33 %, the accuracy of choice of directions and the effectiveness of their implementation strategies are increasing. The new approach improves strategic management of innovative development of industrial enterprises in the context of technological transformations
Two-way fluid-structure interaction study of twisted tape insert in a circular tube having integral fins with nanofluid
Authors: Mustafa Mustafa Abdulsalam , Abdullah Atheer Raheem , Hasan Wajeeh Kamal , Habeeb Laith J. , Nassar Maadh Fawzi 
Published: July 2021

This work deals with fluid-structure interaction (FSI), one of the emerging areas of numerical simulation and calculation. This research shows a numerical study investigating heat transfer enhancement and fluid-structure interaction in a circular finned tube by using alumina nanofluid as a working fluid with a typical twisted tape that has a twisting ratio of 1.85. The studied nanofluid volumes of fraction are φ=0, 3, 5 % under conditions of laminar and turbulent flow. The solution for such problems is based on the relations of continuum mechanics and is mostly done with numerical methods. FSI occurs when the flow of fluid influences the properties of a structure or vice versa. It is a computational challenge to deal with such problems due to complexity in defining the geometries, nature of the interaction between a fluid and solid, intricate physics of fluids and requirements of computational resources. CFD investigations were made based on the numerical finite volume techniques to solve the governing three-dimensional partial differential equations to get the influence of inserted twisted tape and concentration of nanofluid on heat transfer enhancement, friction loss, average Nusselt number, velocity profile, thermal performance factor characteristics, and two-way interaction in a circular tube at laminar and turbulent flow. The governing continuity, momentum and energy transfer equations are solved using Ansys Fluent and Transient Structural. The simulation results show that the deformations of two-way coupling fluctuate from side to side, with 0.004 mm, as maximum amplitude, located at the typical twisted tape center. Heat transfer dissipation improved by adding fins and as Reynolds numbers increase the heat transfer behavior increases.
Comparison of fly ash with Lapindo mud as a land stabilizer for landfill in Pasuruan–Indonesia
Authors: Sudjianto Agus Tugas , Halim Abdul , Gembiranto Oktiono , Susilo Sugeng Hadi 
Published: July 2021

The paper discusses the comparison of fly ash with Lapindo mud as a land stabilizer for a landfill in Pasuruan, Indonesia. Land for landfills has a low level of stability due to the condition of garbage that has accumulated and undergoes a process of decay. This land condition is less favorable to support the construction of the building above it if one day the location is used for construction. Therefore, it is necessary to stabilize the soil first. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding a mixture of TPA soil with fly ash and Lapindo mud. The method used by sieve testing and compaction of the specimens for each treatment consisted of a mixture of TPA soil with fly ash and TPA soil with Lapindo mud, while the percentages of fly ash and Lapindo mud to the dry weight of the original soil were respectively 0 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 %. The results showed that stabilization of the landfill with fly ash reduced the silt content while stabilization with Lapindo mud increased the levels of silt in the landfill so that fly ash was better than Lapindo mud for stabilization of the landfill. The specific gravity values for both stabilization mixtures increased equally. Based on the results of the standard compaction test for the addition of a mixture of fly ash, the OMC value decreases and the greater the value of dmaxs indicates that fly ash is good for landfill stabilization, while the addition of a mixture of Lapindo mud increases the OMC the smaller the value of dmaxs. For the direct shear test of the two mixed soils, the value of the internal friction angle (Æ) increased. The percentage value of the optimum mixture of mixed soil+fly ash is 14 % with an internal shear angle (Æ) of 38°, while the stabilization of landfill with Lapindo mud obtained the optimum mixture percentage value of 11 % with an internal shear angle (Æ) of 31°
Improving the navigational preparation of a bridge crew for entering/leaving a port, including activities in case of emergency
Authors: Maltsev Anatoliy , Surinov Ihor 
Published: July 2021

Statistical analysis of the causes of ship accidents showed that 10 % of accidents are due to the influence of irresistible force, about 15 % are the result of technical imperfection and sudden failure of ship equipment, and the remaining 75 % account for the «human factor» regardless of the cause of the accident. A detailed analysis of the causes of accidents reveals that they are caused by the actions of individuals, dominated by organizational errors by a group of operators in the preparation and execution of the maneuvering control process. At the same time, there is a gap between the complexity of modern equipment and the psychological capabilities of the human operator as an element of the human-machine system.
Analysis of accidents in the Bugsky-Dnestrovsky Liman Canal over the past 20 years has shown that 58.5 % of accidents occurred in the dark and under conditions of limited visibility. There were two causes of accidents: grounding and allision, 84.3 %; collisions, 28.8 %. This indicates the insufficient preparation of bridge crews for navigating the canal.
This paper has considered a procedure of bridge crew navigation training for planning safe motion coordinates while entering/leaving a port along the trajectory points, as well as actions in case of a pre-emergency and techniques to predict it. The coordinates of the travel points are determined at the intersection of rectilinear segments of the recommended safe rectilinear path on a chart. It is a relevant task to use new methods of planning the path and controlling the movement along it, taking into consideration the area for maneuvering, maneuverable properties of the vessel, as well as external influences, for timely detecting the deviation of parameters from those planned. The calculation of the planned coordinates is performed for the center of gravity of the vessel for the characteristic points of the path of movement (the beginning and end of a turn, the onset of braking) and trajectory points (rectilinear segments of the path through 0.2 cables, and curvilinear sections through 10 degrees). Coordinates of the assigned path are represented in the form of the linear matrices of the path rectilinear and curvilinear sections. The navigational motion control system consists of the devices to automatically determine deviations from planned coordinates and decision support systems to correct deviations detected. The proposed method to plan and control motion was investigated by computer simulation, the test was carried out under natural settings. Their results showed that the calculated optimal assigned trajectory enables accident-free guidance of the center of gravity along the predefined path by ship’s control means and meets the established criteria of optimality. The proposed method could be used in the development of controls for automated vessels and is the only possible one for vessels with unattended operation
Development of smart grid technology to maintain the functioning of photoelectric charging stations
Authors: Chaikovskaya Eugene 
Published: July 2021

An integrated Smart Grid system has been developed for matching the production and consumption of electric power based on a prediction of changes in the battery capacity. Advanced decisions on the change in power transmission capacity have made it possible to regulate voltage in the distribution system by maintaining the power factor of the photoelectric charging station. Voltages at the input to the hybrid inverter and in the distribution system were measured to assess their ratio. Comprehensive mathematical and logical modeling of the photoelectric charging station was performed based on the mathematical substantiation of architecture and operation maintenance. A dynamic subsystem including such components as mains, a photoelectric module, a hybrid inverter, batteries, a two-way counter Smart Meter and a charger formed the basis of the proposed technological system. Time constants and coefficients of mathematical models of dynamics in terms of estimation of changes in the battery capacity and power factor of the photoelectric charging station were determined. A functional estimate of changes in the battery capacity and power factor of the photoelectric charging station was obtained. Maintenance of voltage in the distribution system was realized based on resulting operation data to estimate a change in the battery capacity. Advanced decision-making has made it possible to raise the power factor of the photoelectric charging station up to 40 % due to matching the electric power production and consumption. Maintenance of operation of the photoelectric charging station using the developed Smart Grid technology has enabled prevention of peak loading of the power system due to a 20 % reduction of power consumption from the network.
Building an analytical model of the gravitational grain movement in an open screw channel with variable inclination angles
Authors: Arendarenko Volodymyr , Antonets Anatoliі , Ivanov Oleg , Dudnikov Ihor , Samoylenko Tetiana 
Published: July 2021

Existing technical means for loading silos with grain material do not fully meet the needs of production. The issue related to grain injury remains urgent, which predetermines the need to design a gravitational loader of another principle of operation with the appropriate theoretical justification for the movement of grain material in it. This paper has presented and substantiated the model of the gravitational movement of grain in the peripheral open screw channel with two variable angles of inclination. The model is based on the system of forces in the cylindrical coordinate system, acting on the volume of grain flow in the peripheral screw channel. The grain speed at the end of the braking section of the channel should be as low as possible but not less than the initial flow rate at the beginning of the acceleration section. The model takes into consideration this condition and ensures the optimal passage of grain along any part of the channel.
The reported model makes it possible to obtain the speed of grain movement at any time, takes into consideration the height of the bunker hole and the dependence between the angles of inclination of the spirals of acceleration and brake sections. A mathematical dependence is given for these angles that ensures the passage of grain without its discharge and, at the same time, prevents injury to the grain mass due to a controlled decrease in the resulting speed. A separate dependence is provided to find the time at which the grain increases its speed on the acceleration section, reaching the maximum value.
Based on the model, a peripheral open screw channel with two angles of inclination of spirals α and β has been proposed. For this channel, the relationships between its key parameters have been established, in particular, values have been substantiated for the recommended angles of 41°…45° for the acceleration section and 39°…35° for the brake section, respectively, as well as the hо/r ratio not less than 0.6...0.7.
Development of a method for improving stability method of applying digital watermarks to digital images
Authors: Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Ruban Igor , Bolohova Nataliia , Kovalenko Andriy , Martovytskyi Vitalii , Filimonchuk Tetiana 
Published: July 2021

A technique for increasing the stability of methods for applying digital watermark into digital images is presented. A technique for increasing the stability of methods for applying digital watermarks into digital images, based on pseudo-holographic coding and additional filtering of a digital watermark, has been developed. The technique described in this work using pseudo-holographic coding of digital watermarks is effective for all types of attacks that were considered, except for image rotation. The paper presents a statistical indicator for assessing the stability of methods for applying digital watermarks. The indicator makes it possible to comprehensively assess the resistance of the method to a certain number of attacks. An experimental study was carried out according to the proposed method. This technique is most effective when part of the image is lost. When pre-filtering a digital watermark, the most effective is the third filtering method, which is averaging over a cell with subsequent binarization. The least efficient is the first method, which is binarization and finding the statistical mode over the cell. For an affine type attack, which is an image rotation, this technique is effective only when the rotation is compensated. To estimate the rotation angle, an affine transformation matrix is found, which is obtained from a consistent set of corresponding ORB-descriptors. Using this method allows to accurately extract a digital watermark for the entire range of angles. A comprehensive assessment of the methodology for increasing the stability of the method of applying a digital watermark based on Wavelet transforms has shown that this method is 20 % better at counteracting various types of attacks
Experimental substantiation of the composition of the gel base with hydrocortisone for use in veterinary medicine
Authors: Pul-Luzan Viktoriia , Rukhmakova Olga 
Published: July 2021

As veterinary practice shows, most often atopic dermatitis in animals manifests itself in the form of a rash (in the ears, muzzle, paws, etc.), which in turn is accompanied by itching. First of all, prescribe a single injection of glucocorticoids, or short-term therapy. Corticosteroid hormones (glucocorticoids) are one of the most powerful antiallergic drugs. They are effective in treating almost all types of allergic reactions. An appropriate dose of glucocorticoids is required to obtain a rapid effect, and the form of the drug should be convenient to use.
The aim of the research. The aim of our study was experimentally substantiate the choice of the optimal gelling agent when developing a gel composition with hydrocortisone for use in veterinary medicine.
Materials and methods. Physical, physico-chemical and pharmaco-technological methods were used during the experimental study. Studies were performed according to the method described in the SPhU. The rheological properties of the samples were determined using a rotary viscometer type Brookfield HB DV (USA) with spindle SC4-21.
Results. As a result of the research, it was found that Aristoflex as a gelling agent in the development of a veterinary drug of local action will ensure the availability of appropriate extrusion properties (namely, easy and uniform application of animal skin, ease of use). Gels with hydrocortisone based on Aristoflex gave stable performance, which was confirmed by the results of mechanical and colloidal stability.
Conclusions. The composition and technology of a hydrocortisone gel for local therapy of atopic dermatitis in animals has been developed. Aristoflex at a concentration of 1.5 % on the basis of a set of physicochemical, structural-mechanical and biopharmaceutical studies was selected as the optimal gelling agent in the drug
Comparative analysis of indicators that determine the effectiveness of the implementation of socio-economic determinants of health in Europe and Ukraine
Authors: Kotvitska Alla , Volkova Alina , Korzh Iuliia , Surikova Iryna 
Published: July 2021

The introduction of national strategies aimed at improving the well-being of the population of the country is one of the current approaches to reforming the public policies of the countries of the world. It is the socioeconomic determinants of health that determine the conditions in which people are born, grow, live and getting old, as well as the spheres of influence on these conditions, such as public policy, state of economic development, demographic trends, etc.
The aim. In this way, our research has focused on a comparative analysis of macroeconomic indicators that determine the effectiveness of socioeconomic determinants of healthсare in Europe and Ukraine, that are used to provide scientific justification for the construction of humanistic models for the provision of pharmaceutical care to the population in the context of the rapid stratification of Ukrainian society according to socioeconomic indicators.
Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on the principles of systems analysis and an interdisciplinary scientific and systemic approach. The study used the empirical method, the method of comparative analysis and synthesis of statistical data, the graphical method.
Results. A comparative analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of health in the countries of the European region and in Ukraine was carried out on three levels of indicators: the level of health-care expenditure, the structure of health-care expenditure and expenditure on medicines.
The analysis revealed that in 2019, the average health expenditure of the countries analyzed was 8.2 % of GDP. Only two of the 34 countries - Ukraine and Turkey - have a rate below the 5 % that recommended by WHO.
Public health financing schemes and compulsory health insurance are the main funding mechanisms in all countries, with the exception of Cyprus. Ukraine, Russia, Greece, Latvia and Bulgaria have the largest share of direct costs to patients as a source of health care financing.
The results of the analysis of the medicine expenditure indicator as a proportion of total health expenditure showed that the highest level was in Bulgaria (35.4 %), the lowest in Denmark (6.4 %). Overall, five countries have high levels of pharmaceutical expenditures.
In most European countries, the cost of purchasing medicines has been found to range from 346 to 619 USD per person per year. The highest value of this indicator from the European region is in Switzerland (894 USD per person), and the lowest is in Ukraine (73 USD).
Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the countries were grouped according to key indicators into three categories - high, medium and low.
Conclusions. A comparative analysis of key indicators of the socio-economic determinants of health in the country of the European region has been carried out