bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basal myokine levels are associated with quality of life and depressed mood in older adults
Authors: Mucher Patrick , Batmyagmar Delgerdalai , Perkmann Thomas , Repl Manuela , Radakovics Astrid , Ponocny‐Seliger Elisabeth , Lukas Ina , Fritzer‐Szekeres Monika , Lehrner Johann , Knogler Thomas , Tscholakoff Dimiter , Fondi Martina , Wagner Oswald F , Winker Robert , Haslacher Helmuth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn an aging society, late‐life depression has become an increasing problem. There is evidence that physical activity ameliorates depressive symptoms and increases the quality of life (QoL). However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Myokines are molecules secreted in response to muscle contraction. Some of them can cross the blood‐brain barrier, making them promising candidates for mediating the beneficial effects of physical activity on mood. The present study aims to compare circulating myokine levels to depression/QoL in older athletes and controls. 55 athletes, 57 controls >59 years were enrolled. The assessment included ergometry, magnetic resonance imaging, blood withdrawal, and neuropsychological testing. Serum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), irisin, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), kynurenine, and cathepsin B were analyzed and compared to surrogates of depression and quality of life. Athletes presented with higher levels of Cathepsin B. Among controls, all myokines but irisin were associated with age. Also, among controls, kynurenine and IL‐6 correlated inversely with specific dimensions of quality of life questionnaires, and IL‐6 further with depressive symptoms and decreased physical performance. No such associations could be found among athletes. Irisin levels were inversely associated with mild depression and low‐grade white matter‐lesions in the brain and predicted impaired QoL. The circulating levels of several myokines/muscle activity‐related factors appear to be associated with depressive symptoms and impaired QoL among older adults. However, in athletes, some of these connections seem ameliorated, suggesting additional stressors (as f.e. age) or a different pathomechanism among athletes.
Comparing accuracy of fish sperm motility measurements obtained from two computational extremes in tracking approaches: Nearest neighbor and multiple hypothesis tracking
Authors: Neumann Giovano , Joaquim Bernardes Junior Jurandir , Neumann Valdecir , Bombardelli Robie Allan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe conducted a study to assess the accuracy of nearest neighbour (NN) and multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) methods—which are opposite extremes in computational complexity—in determining the percentage of motile sperms and the number of sperms tracked in simulated data of fish sperm movements, and to evaluate the resulting number of tracking errors and analysis duration. Sperm tracking and swimming path assembly were assessed in 36 video clips (1 s length at 100 fps) of emulated Rhamdia quelen sperm kinetics at different densities (50, 100, 200 or 300 spermatozoa in the field of view) and motility rates (30, 60 or 90%). The MHT method accurately estimated the percentage of motile sperms, whereas NN underestimated it by up to 6.59%. Increase in sperm density reduced the number of sperms tracked from both trackers. With more than 50 sperms in the field of view, NN and MHT tracked 73% and 92% of the ground‐truth sperm count, respectively. Both trackers showed a quadratic increase in tracking errors with increasing sperm density. The maximum percentage of errors at 90% motility was 12% for NN and 4.7% for MHT. The MHT tracker required up to 150 s to track 300 sperms, whereas NN completed the tracking procedure in less than 0.5 s. On maintaining a density of up to 100 sperms in the field of view, it was possible to obtain high accuracy, low number of tracking errors and an acceptable analysis duration with both tracking methods.
Once upon a queer theory
Authors: Brintnall Kent L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFocusing on Teresa de Lauretis' invention of and interventions in queer theory, this essay crafts a narrative of queer theory, both to orient the reader to some of the key ideas, questions, and themes that constitute queer theory, and to highlight disagreements about how to tell the story of queer theory's content, development, and focus.
Assay variability and storage stability of the myeloperoxidase index of the ADVIA 2120i hematology analyzer in canine and equine whole blood samples
Authors: Chu Shelley Ann Ash , Stokol Tracy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe myeloperoxidase index (MPXI), on ADVIA hematology analyzers, reflects the mean neutrophil myeloperoxidase staining. It is used as a marker of inflammation in animals and people, but assay variability and storage stability are unknown.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine MPXI precision and stability with refrigerated storage of canine and equine EDTA‐anticoagulated blood and compared MPXI results between two analyzers.MethodsInter‐assay coefficients of variations (CVs) were determined from three human‐based controls assayed before and after a 20‐ or 21‐day calibration. Blood from 14‐16 dogs and 26 horses was assayed 4‐10 times within 1 day for intra‐assay CV measurements. Median control and single run results from 18 canine and 35 equine samples were compared between analyzers. Blood from 10‐12 dogs and 10‐11 horses was analyzed after collection, and 24, 48, and 72 hours of refrigerated storage.ResultsInter‐assay CVs of controls were 10.7%‐15.9% and 6.4%‐9.6% before and 4.3%‐7.7% and 2.8%‐17.5% after calibration, for ADVIA 1 and 2, respectively. Calibration altered peroxidase gain settings and improved precision. Intra‐assay CVs were 0.6%‐64% and 3%‐350% for canine and equine samples, respectively. Median MPXI results differed significantly between the analyzers, likely from calibration‐associated changes in gains. MPXI decreased with storage, and with variable changes between animals and analyzers. Platelet clumps and lipid contributed to the variability in replicate MPXI measurements.ConclusionMPXI has a higher variability in equine samples than in canine samples. Equivalent results might not be obtained between analyzers. Results change unpredictably with repeated analyses over 72 hours. MPXI measurements might only be useful in controlled research settings.
Assessment of a smartphone‐based application for diabetic foot ulcer measurement
Authors: Kuang Beatrice , Pena Guilherme , Szpak Zygmunt , Edwards Suzanne , Battersby Ruth , Cowled Prue , Dawson Joseph , Fitridge Robert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe accurate measurement of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) wound size is essential as the rate of wound healing is a significant prognostic indicator of the likelihood of complete wound healing. Mobile phone photography is often used for surveillance and to aid in telemedicine consultations. However, there remains no accurate and objective measurement of wound size integrated into these photos. The NDKare mobile phone application has been developed to address this need and our study evaluates its accuracy and practicality for DFU wound size assessment. The NDKare mobile phone application was evaluated for its accuracy in two‐ (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) wound measurement. One hundred and fifteen diabetic foot wounds were assessed for wound surface area, depth and volume accuracy in comparison to Visitrak and the WoundVue camera. Thirty five wounds had two assessors with different mobiles phones utilizing both applications to assess the reproducibility of the measurements. The 2D surface area measurements by NDKare showed excellent concordance with Visitrak and WoundVue measurements (ICC: 0.991 [95% CI: 0.988, 0.993]) and between different users (ICC: 0.98 [95% CI: 0.96, 0.99)]. The 3D NDKare measurements had good agreement for depth and fair agreement for volume with the WoundVue camera. The NDKare phone application can consistently and accurately obtain 2D measurements of diabetic foot wounds with mobile phone photography. This is a quick and readily accessible tool which can be integrated into comprehensive diabetic wound care.
Clams and potential foodborne Toxoplasma gondii in Nunavut, Canada
Authors: Fung Rebecca , Manore Anna J. W. , Harper Sherilee L. , Sargeant Jan M. , Shirley Jamal , Caughey Amy , Shapiro Karen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii exposure in Inuit living in Nunavut (20%) is twice that of the US (11%); however, routes of exposure for Inuit communities in North America are unclear. Exposure to T. gondii in humans has been linked with consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish that can accumulate environmentally resistant oocysts. Bivalve shellfish, such as clams, are an important, nutritious, affordable and accessible source of food in many Northern Communities. To date, presence of T. gondii in clams in Northern Canada has not been reported. In this study, we tested for T. gondii presence in clams (Mya truncata) that were harvested in Iqaluit, Nunavut over a 1‐week period in September 2016. Of 390 clams, eight (2.1%) were confirmed to contain T. gondii DNA (≥99.7% identity), as determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence confirmation. Additionally, three clams (0.8%) were confirmed to contain Neospora caninum‐like DNA (≥99.2% identity). While N. caninum is not known to be a zoonotic pathogen, its presence in shellfish indicates contamination of the nearshore with canid faeces, and the potential for marine mammal exposure through marine food webs. Notably, the PCR assay employed in this study does not discriminate between viable and non‐viable parasites. These findings suggest a possible route for parasite exposure through shellfish in Iqaluit, Nunavut. Future research employing viability testing will further inform public health messaging on the infectious potential of T. gondii in shellfish.
“Hablan en bilingüe”: repertorios lingüísticos guaraní-castellano en Corrientes, Argentina
Authors: Alegre Tamara Daiana , Gandulfo Carolina 
Published: March 2021

En este artículo de investigación se describe cómo una investigación en colaboración sobre repertorios lingüísticos en un contexto bilingüe guaraní-castellano se articuló con las actividades escolares en una escuela secundaria rural de Corrientes, Argentina.Se construye una caracterización sociolingüística a partir de los registros de observación de eventos comunicativos realizados por los estudiantes. Dos situaciones etnográficas, en el marco de actividades de análisis, dan cuenta de cómo se resitúan y resignifican los usos lingüísticos,sus significaciones,así como los hablantes de guaraní,en el espacio escolar y familiar.La categoría nativa “hablar en bilingüe” aporta una perspectiva original para describir los repertorios lingüísticos estudiados.
Influence Surfaces for Stresses in Slabs
Authors: Baron Francis M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The investigation reported herein presents a formal analytical solution of some problems involving influence surfaces for stresses in slabs. It deals primarily with the determination of influence diagrams for stresses in homogeneous elastic slabs and is based upon the extension of Müller-Breslau’s principle established in structural mechanics. The analysis is based upon the classical procedure of obtaining a solution of Lagrange’s differential equation of the deflected middle surface of the slab, satisfying at the same time, all of the boundary conditions at the various edges.
Systematic use of a stress function, introduced by Nádai in the theory of slabs, is made in forming the expressions for bending moments, twisting moments, and shears at any point of a semi-infinite slab cantilevered from a single fixed edge. The problem is meant only as an illustration in the use of Nádai’s stress function when a fixed edge condition is desired.
The influence surface for a bending moment at a point on the fixed edge of an infinitely long rectangular slab, with a fixed edge transverse to two parallel simply supported edges, is defined by a function in finite form. Contour lines of the influence surfaces for the bending moments at the quarter points and at the mid-point of the fixed edge are given.
The solution for the infinitely long rectangular slab is considered as a basic solution to which a correction function is added to obtain any desired condition along a line parallel to the fixed edge. The correction functions required to obtain either a simple or fixed support along a line parallel to the given fixed edge are stated in the form of an infinite series. A few illustrative figures of the resultant diagrams are given. Approximate formulas for the correction functions are also stated.
Influence functions are stated for the moments at the mid-point and at a point on the fixed edge of a circular slab with a fixed edge. Contour lines of the influence surfaces are given.
Each solution defining an influence surface for a stress at a given point of a homogeneous elastic slab may also be used to solve the related two-dimensional problem of stresses in a slice. A slab is converted into a slice when the loads applied transverse to the slab are replaced by forces that are parallel to the middle plane of the slice and produce no bending or transverse shears.
Notes on the Dynamics of Electric Locomotives
Authors: Cain B. S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The complexities of the motion of a locomotive are such that accurate solutions of the equations of motion have little engineering value. In previous papers the author has given an energy method of calculating the critical speed, above which the locomotive can sustain steady oscillations. This method is extended in the present paper to cover the effect of wheel coning and to study the possible motions at speeds above the critical. Energy gain from rough track is also estimated. An alternative method of study is outlined in which the flange forces are assumed to be sinusoidal with “equivalent” stiffness factors. A simple case is solved to show how relations between flange forces and frequency of oscillation can be obtained which are of practical value in design.
Lateral Buckling of I-Section Column With Eccentric End Loads in Plane of the Web
Authors: Johnston Bruce 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
When a relatively slender column of the symmetrical I or WF shape is loaded eccentrically in the plane of the web by longitudinal end loads it may fail by elastic instability involving a combination of lateral bending and twisting. Timoshenko has shown that in the case of the solid rectangle a considerable end eccentricity causes the critical buckling load to be only slightly less than the Euler critical load for the same strip loaded axially. The corresponding solution for the WF or I-column, presented herein, shows that relatively small eccentricities of the longitudinal end load applied in the plane of the web cause a large falling off from the Euler critical load.
For the ideally straight column, with a material perfectly elastic up to the yield point, there would be a critical l/r ratio for any given eccentricity, column length, and material. Below this critical ratio the column would fail by yielding, according to the secant or eccentricity formula. Above the critical ratio the failure would be by elastic instability with respect to lateral bending and twisting.
Application of the equations is made to two structural wide-flange sections, of light and medium weight, and the results are presented in the form of diagrams.
Buckling of Rectangular Plates With Built-In Edges
Authors: Levy Samuel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an exact solution in terms of infinite series of the problem of buckling by compressive forces in one direction of a rectangular plate with built-in edges (zero slope, zero displacement in the direction normal to the plane of the plate). The buckling load is calculated for 14 ratios of length to width, ranging in steps of 0.25 from 0.75 to 4. On the basis of convergence, as the number of terms used in the infinite series is increased, it is estimated that the possible error in the numerical results presented is of the order of 0.1 per cent. A comparison is given with the work of other authors.
The Influence of the Shape and Rigidity of an Elastic Inclusion on the Transverse Flexure of Thin Plates
Authors: Goland Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of several types of inclusions on the stress distribution in elastic plates under transverse flexure. An “inclusion” is defined as a close-fitting plate of some second material cemented into a hole cut in the interior of the elastic plate. Depending upon the properties of the material of which it is composed, the inclusion is described as rigid or elastic. In particular, the solutions presented will deal with the effects of circular inclusions of differing degrees of elasticity and rigid inclusions of varying elliptical form. Since the rigid inclusion and the hole are limiting types of elastic inclusions, and the circular shape is a special form of the ellipse, plates with either a circular hole or a circular rigid inclusion are important special cases of this discussion. It is hoped that the present analysis of several types of inclusions will aid in a future study of perforated plates stiffened by means of reinforcing rings fitted into the holes.
Critical Speeds of a Rotor With Unequal Shaft Flexibilities, Mounted in Bearings of Unequal Flexibility—I
Authors: Foote W. R. , Poritsky H. , Slade J. J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper contains a study of the motion of a rotor possessing unequal flexibilities in two mutually perpendicular directions and mounted in bearings which likewise possess different stiffnesses in two mutually perpendicular directions, say, the horizontal and vertical directions. A two-pole turbogenerator is an example of such a rotor.
As known, the effect of ρ, the fractional inequality in rotor flexibilities, by itself, that is, without unequal bearing flexibilities, consists in giving rise to an unstable range of speed near the critical whose width depends upon ρ; the larger ρ is, the wider is the unstable range.
If neither ρ nor σ vanishes (σ = fractional inequality of bearing flexibilities), the investigation becomes more difficult due to the fact that the principal flexibility directions are fixed for the bearings but rotate for the rotor. The differential equations of motion now acquire periodic coefficients whose period is half the rotation period. Their solution shows that near the main critical speed, for small ρ the unstable range splits up into three parts, which coalesce into one range for large ρ. The separation of three unstable ranges increases with σ. A further slight instability also occurs when the rotor speed is near half of the main critical speed.
If one attempts to revolve such a rotor at a constant speed inside an unstable range, it may, even if in perfect balance, whirl with an exponentially increasing amplitude. With friction the amount of instability decreases and the size of the unstable regions decreases too, and with sufficient friction complete stability is restored. The friction necessary to restore stability is computed and the effect of unbalance on the steady-state amplitudes is studied.
The solution of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients leads to an infinite number of algebraic linear equations in an infinite number of coefficients. Various ways of solving these equations and of speeding up the convergence of the solution are discussed in detail.
Creep and Relaxation of Oxygen-Free Copper
Authors: Davis Evan A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper contains results of creep and relaxation tests on an oxygen-free copper at temperatures up to 235 C. The effect of the stress and the temperature upon the strain rate has been noted and an effort has been made to correlate the results of the two different types of tests by using various theories of plastic deformation.
A Table of Thermodynamic Properties of Air
Authors: Keenan Joseph H. , Kaye Joseph 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Over the range of conditions for which the equation pv = RT represents satisfactorily the p-v-T relation, a table having a single argument, the temperature, serves all the purposes which are served by vapor tables (steam tables, ammonia tables, etc.) having two arguments. A table of this sort with intervals small enough for linear interpolation is presented for dry air. Data from this table are compared with corresponding values from the tables of Sage and Lacey. The use of the table is illustrated with examples of the calculation of processes involved in air compressors, nozzles, internal-combustion engines, and gas turbines.
Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of a Flexible Rotor Supported by a Flexure Pivot Tilting Pad Journal Bearing in Comparison to a Fixed Profile Journal Bearing With Experimental Verification
Authors: Koondilogpiboon Nuntaphong , Inoue Tsuyoshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an efficient numerical method consisting of the real mode component mode synthesis (CMS) model reduction, shooting method with parallel computing, and Floquet analysis was developed for nonlinear rotordynamics analysis of a flexible rotor supported by a four-lobe flexure pivot tilting pad journal bearing (FPTPJB) in load-on-pad (LOP) and load-between-pad (LBP) orientations in comparison to a fixed profile journal bearing (JB) of the same pad geometry. The method used the rotor's finite elements and bearing forces obtained from directly solving the Reynolds equation to determine the limit cycles and Hopf bifurcation types. For the investigated rotor and bearing parameters, the numerical results indicated that the onset speed of instability (OSI) of FPTPJB is considerably higher than that of JB of the same orientation. Also, FPTPJB in LOP orientation yielded substantially higher OSI than the LBP one, whereas the OSI of JB in LOBP orientation was higher than the LOP counterpart. Nonlinear calculation results indicated that all bearing types and orientations gave subcritical Hopf bifurcation. The FPTPJB in LOP orientation produced the largest stable operating region, whereas the JB in LBP configuration yielded the smallest one. The experiment showed subcritical Hopf bifurcation occurred at speed close to the calculated OSI in all cases except FPTPJB in LOP orientation that the OSI is higher than the maximum test rig speed. The whirling orbit had the same frequency as the first critical speed and was precessed in the shaft rotation direction.
Advance care planning participation by people with dementia: a cross-sectional survey and medical record audit
Authors: Bryant Jamie , Sellars Marcus , Waller Amy , Detering Karen , Sinclair Craig , Ruseckaite Rasa , White Ben , Nolte Linda 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo describe among individuals with dementia: (1) self-reported awareness of, and engagement in, advance care planning; (2) presence of advance care planning documentation in the health record and (3) concordance between self-reported completion of advance care planning and presence of documentation in the health record.MethodsAn Australian prospective multicentre audit and cross-sectional survey. Individuals diagnosed with dementia who were able to speak English and were judged by a healthcare provider as having decision-making capacity were recruited from self-selected hospitals, residential aged care facilities and general practices across Australia.ResultsFifty-two people with dementia completed surveys and were included. Overall, 59.6% of participants had heard about advance care planning and 55.8% had discussed advance care planning with someone, most often a family member (48.1%). While 38.5% of participants had appointed a medical substitute decision maker, only 26.9% reported that they had written down their values and preferences for future care. Concordance between self-reported completion of advance care planning and presence of documentation in the health record was low (56.8%, κ=0.139; 57.7%, κ=0.053).ConclusionEffective models that promote discussion, documentation and accessible storage of advance care planning documents for people with dementia are needed.