bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gossip as Contagion in Hawthorne's “The Minister's Black Veil” and The Scarlet Letter
Authors: Singer Erin C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic in some ways returned us to a more nineteenth-century outlook on contagion. In the early months before the public had a clear understanding of how this coronavirus spread, everything and everyone became subject to politicized suspicion. Nathaniel Hawthorne was perhaps preoccupied with the same questions that current scholars and the general public have faced since the beginning of the pandemic: Who can we trust among ourselves, our communities, and our institutions? How do we know what information is true? Hawthorne's Puritan stories “The Minister's Black Veil” and The Scarlet Letter feature the interdisciplinary concept of social contagion as a major driving force. A focus on similarities between Hawthorne's literary world and the coronavirus pandemic brings to the fore a Hawthornean epistemology of contagion, or what may be called pandemic thinking. In considering how social contagion theory brings together themes of community and gossip in Hawthorne's works, we see that gossip is both a mode of transmission of ideological contagion and the method by which social order is articulated in those works. Finally, we perceive that Hawthorne uses gossip not only to reify but also to challenge the social order in his imagined New England towns.
Unequal Confinements: WhatThe House of the Seven GablesCan Teach Us about Being Alone
Authors: Boccio Rachel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay demonstrates that Holgrave's transformation from lowly jack-of-all-trades to landed patriarch in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The House of the Seven Gables is made possible by a specific understanding of confinement that exists in complex relation to forms of confinement experienced by other characters, namely, Clifford, Hepzibah, and Phoebe. Through Holgrave, Hawthorne offers a theory of selfhood that understands flattened and depleted characters (like the Pyncheons) to be necessary for the development of the authentic, autonomous, individuated man at the crux of the Romantic ideal. To show this, Holgrave, who emerges from the Gothic mansion capable of inheriting the promises of a burgeoning social order, is juxtaposed with rest of the Pyncheon family. The novel's various ways of analyzing confinement map onto a host of conspicuous embodiments that turn out to be dialectical: Holgrave's possession of self, of moral agency, and of wealth increases in direct proportion to the dispossession of body, mind, and property experienced by the less fortunate Pyncheons. Though principally concerned with characters in The House of the Seven Gables, this essay takes note of how the novel's logic of unequal personhood resonates within our contemporary condition of quarantine in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic.
Counterfeit Promises: Reading The Dolliver Romance in the Context of COVID-19
Authors: Simonsen Rasmus R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on The Dolliver Romance as an occasion to reflect on current discussions and anxieties regarding COVID-19 and the promise of a potential cure. The Dolliver Romance is concerned with alchemy as a means for reversing the aging process, but more than that, it allows us to interrogate America's “fascination with artifice,” which Stephen Mihm has traced to the colonial period. Hawthorne's aged protagonist fears that his grandson's potions might be nothing but counterfeit remedies, and the ostensible dubiousness of the alchemical commodity appears to render everything around Dolliver potentially artificial. The current health crisis in America puts on morbid display the linkage between counterfeit health remedies and the proliferation of wealth and power. I argue that this link is crucial to understanding not only Hawthorne's interest in alchemy but also, on a larger scale, the botched response to the coronavirus pandemic in America.
Sapatão
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriela , Marques da Silva Paula 
Published: October 2021

O objetivo de nosso trabalho foi cartografar experiências sapatão na cidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa inserida no campo de estudos do gênero e das interseccionalidades. Nos interessou conhecer, especialmente, de que maneira os corpos-sapatão foram e são constituídos em meio a processos institucionais e como se localizam em meio às forças em relação. Os dados foram produzidos e analisados com base no método cartográfico, a partir da ferramenta de um caderno itinerante que circulou entre as 5 participantes-narradoras. Para a composição do diagrama teórico-analítico, utilizamos da performatividade, precariedade e aliança em Butler, da noção de encontro como aquilo que produziu as narrativas e da cidade como território existencial. As linhas de análise aparecem intituladas como Foi difícil escrever, tive que me conectar com a K. de 1990; Quem lhes solicita para estar atente a estas palavras não é uma mulher, mas sim uma sapatã; Aprendi com meu avô que a saliva tem mais poder que a pólvora; Corpo é cidade, muda mas permanece mesmo com toda a mudança e Por um ethos sapatão-cartográfico de condução da escuta. Encontramos, em nosso trabalho, modos plurais de corpos-sapatão experimentarem as cidades, a partir de um acompanhamento de processos possibilitado pelo exercício das escritas de si.
Lesbianidades e identizações no ciberespaço
Authors: Bonin Liebgott Camila , Pinheiro Leandro Rogério 
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, propomo-nos a analisar como jovens lésbicas constroem suas identizações em ativismos contra a lesbofobia a partir das narrativas que produzem em redes sociais, e como esse tipo de ativismo contribui para sua luta. Discorre-se, inicialmente, sobre abordagens históricas e científicas da lesbianidade e sobre lesbofobia, recorrendo-se, neste caso, às teorizações de Ángela Lorenzo. Em articulação, trabalhamos com o conceito de ‘identização’, tal como problematizado por Alberto Melucci, com vistas à discussão sobre produção identitária e ativismo. A abordagem metodológica alinha-se com a etnografia virtual, neste caso realizada na rede social Instagram durante o ano de 2021. Foram selecionadas postagens publicadas por quatro jovens lésbicas, com idades entre 25 e 34 anos, escolhidas por tornarem visíveis assuntos sobre as lesbianidades. As análises mostraram que prevalece o teor autobiográfico das narrativas textuais e imagéticas. São variadas as estratégias narrativas empregadas para investir e tornar visíveis pautas dos movimentos lésbicos. Podemos afirmar que as identizações dessas ativistas são construídas cotidianamente na escrita sobre si, bem como no desenvolvimento de uma rede de trocas de informações e afetos com outras lésbicas. Há um uso explicitamente político do Instagram, à medida que as postagens tornam correntes temas como as lesbianidades e as existências lésbicas, buscando, também, reconhecimento de lutas e identidades.
A case report of a huge euthyroid goiter with retrosternal extension
Authors: Ghabisha Saif , Ahmed Faisal , Eslahi Ali , Al-wageeh Saleh , Al-shami Ebrahim , Al-naggar Khalil , Obaid Ghamdan , Reza Askarpour Mohammad , Alfaragi Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Massive goiter with retrosternal extension is most frequently found in the anterior mediastinum; however, 10%–15% of the cases are found in the posterior mediastinum. It may induce symptoms caused by tracheal, esophageal, and recurrent laryngeal nerve compression. Surgery for such a huge mass requires a high degree of experience to avoid serious complications, particularly if it weighs >500 g. Herein, we report the case of a 64-year-old man who complained of neck swelling which was gradually increasing in size during the past 19 years and breathing difficulty that worsened during the past years. A 31 × 16 cm heterogeneous enhancing mass that expanded the thyroid gland with retrosternal extension, pushing the main vessels posterolaterally and compressing the trachea, was detected during computed tomography of the neck and chest. Total thyroidectomy was performed safely via a transcervical approach. The recovery period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 5 days later. Given the rarity of a massive goiter that pushes the main vessels and compresses the trachea in the posterior mediastinum, this case report emphasizes the treatment options and outcome of this condition.
فعالية الحصة الدراسية في تعليم عن بعد كتاب الحديث الأول بجامعة علي بن أبي طالب الإسلامية بسورابايا العام الدراسي 2020-2021 الأول في زمن جائحة كورونا
Authors: Wibowo Endro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The new coronavirus pandemic has forced STAI Ali bin Abi Thalib Surabaya to close face-to-face learning in class and change the learning model to distance learning via the internet. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the duration of face-to-face online lecture for learning hadits awwal course at STAI Ali bin Abi Thalib Surabaya. This research is a quantitative research using an experimental approach using a control class and an experimental class. The students in control class had face-to-face online lectures via the zoom application about 50 minutes a week and they also had lecture assignments, meanwhile the students in experimental class have of face-to-face lectures online about 100 minutes a week without being given assignments. This study uses two variables, the first is the duration of lecture hours as the independent variable and the value of learning outcomes as the dependent variable. The data was processed using the independent sample t test with the help of the SPSS program. The results of the research show that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the average student learning outcomes in the control class and the experimental class where the experimental class learning outcomes have a higher average learning outcome.
Keywords: distance lerning, arabic, hadits awwal, duration lectures, pandemic
ملخص البحثأجبر جائحة فيروس كورونا جامعة علي بن أبي طالب بسورابايا على إغلاق التعلم وجهًا لوجه في الفصل وتغيير عملية التعليم والتعلم إلى التعليم والتعلم عن بعد عبر الإنترنت. كان الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو معرفة مدى فعالية مدة المحاضرة المباشرة عبر الإنترنت لتعلم مقرر اللغة العربية في كتاب حديث أوال في جامعة علي بن أبي طالب بسورابايا. هذا البحث هو بحث كمي باستخدام فئة ضابطة فئة تجريبية. أجرى الطلاب الفئة الضابطة محاضرات مباشرة عبر الإنترنت بستخدام زووم للتصالات الفيديو (zoom) حوالي 50 دقيقة في الأسبوع وكان لديهم أيضًا بعض الواجبات خارج مدة الدراسة، أمّا الطلاب في الفئة التجريبية لهم محاضرات وجهًا لوجه عبر الإنترنت حوالي 100 دقيقة في الأسبوع بدون الواجبات خارج مدة الدراسة. تستخدم هذه الدراسة متغيرين ، الأول هو مدة ساعات المحاضرة كمتغير مستقل ونتيجة الدراسة كمتغير تابع. تم إجراء البيانات باستخدام اختبار ت لعينتن المستقلتين بمساعدة برنامج SPSS. تظهر نتائج البحث أن H0 مرفوض و Ha مقبول. وبالتالي ، يمكن استنتاج أن هناك فرقا معنويا بين متوسط ​​نتيجة الدراسة التطلاب في فئة الضابطة والفئة التجريبية حيث تكون نتيجة الدراسة للفئة التجريبية أعلى من نتيجة للفئة الضابطة.الكلمات الرئيسية: كلية عن بعد، العربية، مادة الحديث الأول، مدة الدراسة، جائحة
An Analysis Of Students’ Sentences With Inverted Subjects And Verbs Error Found In Tmi’s Toefl Preparation Class
Authors: Kadiatmaja Agung Pranoto 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The research is to find out the types of error analysis in students’ sentences and the most dominant types of error analysis in students’ sentences. This research uses qualitative method to look into errors in the second language acquisition and to collect empirical data. This method is applied to get the accurate data collection. The object of the research is students’ practice randomly taken from twelve advanced students of TOEFL Preparation Class – The Mushlih Institute (TMI) Surabaya. In acquiring the result of this error analysis, surface strategy taxonomy is applied to investigate more details. It is limited on the students’ sentences with inverted subjects and verbs error in their practice consisting of four error types. In summary, the types of sentences with inverted subjects and verbs errors produced by the students are (1) omission appearing 49 times or 79,03% of all, (2) addition appearing 9 times or 14,52% of all, (3) misordering appearing 3 times or 4,84% of all, and (4) misformation appearing a time or 1,61% of all. According to the research findings, the most dominant type of sentences with inverted subjects and verbs error is omission.

Keywords: Error Analysis, Writing Practice, Sentences.
Penerapan K-Means pada Pengelompokan Penjualan Produk Smartphone
Authors: Hasibuan Fatimah Putri Arfani , Sumarno Sumarno , Parlina Iin 
Published: October 2021

Perkembangan perusahaan teknologi Smartphone yang semakin pesat dewasa ini sedikit banyaknya menimbulkan persaingan diantara perusahaan tersebut, sehingga menuntut para pengembang untuk menemukan strategi atau suatu pola yang dapat meningkatkan penjualan dan pemasaran produk, seperti halnya pada PT. Vivo Communication Indonesia cabang Pematangsiantar. Salah satu strateginya adalah memanfaatkan data transaksi dengan melakukan pengelompokkan untuk melihat produk mana yang lebih laku dipasaran dan mana yang tidak, agar dapat dilakukan evaluasi dalam perencanaan promosi produk Vivo selanjutnya. Metode pengelompokkan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Clustering K-Means. Metode K-Means adalah metode data mining yang mampu mengelompokkan beberapa data menjadi bagian-bagian tertentu. Pada makalah ini data penjualan yang telah diperoleh akan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu penjualan rendah, penjualan sedang dan penjualan tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil Pengujian menggunakan metode K-Means terhadap data penjualan smartphone Vivo, diperoleh bahwa penjualan kelompok tertinggi hanya ada 1 data, yakni Vivo Y12 3+32GB. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode K-Means dapat diterapkan untuk melakukan pengelompokkan penjualan smartphone Vivo, karena sesuai dengan hasil penjualan yang sebenarnya
Prototype Stabilitas Kadar Air Garam Berbasis Arduino Uno (Studi Kasus : Desa Batang Kilat Medan)
Authors: Jamaludin Jamaludin , Bangun Josep Estrada 
Published: October 2021

Kadar garam dalam air tambak merupakan salah satu faktor yang utama terhadap perkembangbiakan udang. Perubahan kadar garam (salinitas) air menjadi persoalan klasik bagi petani tambak udang, karena dapat menyebabkan kerugian akibat kematian udang sehingga gagal panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah prototype yang berfungsi untuk menstabilkan kadar air garam pada tambak, sehingga bisa mencegah kematian udang. Teknik perancangan prototype ini berbasis Arduino Uno dan menggunakan metode penentuan konduktivitas. Penentuan konduktivitas dilakukan dengan cara mengukur tegangannya. Pengukuran tegangan dilakukan dengan cara mengalirkan arus dengan tegangan 5 volt melalui elektroda yang dimasukkan ke dalam air. Beda potensial antara ujung-ujung elektroda diukur sebagai tegangan masukan sensor. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa prototype ini bisa menstabilkan kadar garam ketika kadar garam pada wadah tidak stabil karena penambahan air tawar atau air garam. Harapannya prototype ini bisa diterapkan pada petani tambak sehingga bisa bermanfaat untuk mencegah kematian udang.
Target Language Use in Communicative English Lessons: The Emotional Perspective
Authors: Inada Takako 
Published: October 2021

Lessons for developing students&#39; communication skills have been recently introduced to university English education in Japan, and the lesson format has become student-centered. As lessons are given in English and students have more opportunities to practice speaking in English, there are likely to be controversies over the proper balance between the use of the target language (TL) and the first language (L1) in EFL classrooms. However, no clear consensus concerning the relationship between these has been reached yet. The present research investigated the factors that were related to TL/L1 use among Japanese university students. A questionnaire containing background information and a five&ndash;point Likert scale of anxiety was filled in by 252 students. Following this, individual interviews with five students were conducted. The results revealed that while the advantages of L1 use for the students were reported, the students had negative feelings about their use of the L1 due to decreasing the contact with the TL and/or increasing peer and self&ndash;pressure. Therefore, students should gradually become accustomed to English&ndash;only instruction in an unthreatening environment.
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Onlife Drama: Towards a Reference Framework for Hyper-Connected Activity
Authors: Moumoutzis Nektarios , Paneva-Marinova Desislava , Pavlova Lilia 
Published: October 2021

An important aspect of ICT, identified 25 years ago within the user interface design community, is dramatic interaction: The deep engagement promoted by digital technologies that can be better explored by adopting a conceptual framework traditionally used to describe and study theater. This framework offers a wider perspective that demonstrates a deep connection between the qualities of our hyper-connected era and drama as an art of representing action. These concepts transcend the prevailing technical mentality when addressing ICT. They imply that we all participate as “interactors” on the “onlife stage” where other agents (either humans or computer-controlled) are also present. By promoting deep experiences, the hyper-connected environment in which we live in, changes our metaphysics and self-conception. A dramatic framework can explain the power of ICT and help us work towards the development of an equilibrium both personally and collectively: When used to enrich our experiences and extend our agencies, ICT can be considered as an enhancement of reality. When, on the other side, they are used to promote a false reality experience, they should be rectified. Important ethical and anthropological concerns are framed on the same philosophical ground as ancient drama. Ancient drama was a major pillar of Ancient Democracy and served the need to educate citizens with empathy in order to participate as responsible actors in decision making processes.
Characterization, Photoelectric Properties, Electrochemical Performances and Photocatalytic Activity of the Fe2O3/TiO2 Heteronanostructure
Authors: Kouass Salah , Dhaouadi Hassouna , Othmani Abdelhak , Touati Fathi 
Published: October 2021

The Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized on FTO subtract via hydrothermal method. The crystal structure, morphology, band structure of the heterojunction, behaviors of charge carriers and the redox ability were characterized by XRD, HR-TEM, absorption spectra, PL, cyclic voltammetry and transient photocurrent spectra. The as-prepared Fe2O3/TiO2 photocatalysts with distinctive structure and great stability was characterized and investigated for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous solution. The ability of the photocatalyst for generating reactive oxygen species, including O2− and.OH was investigated. It was revealed that the combination of the two oxides (Fe2O3 and TiO2) nano-heterojunction could enhance the visible response and separate photogenerated charge carriers effectively. Therefore, the remarkable photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3/TiO2 nanostructures for MB degradation was ascribed to the enhanced visible light absorption and efficient interfacial transfer of photogenerated electrons from to Fe2O3 to TiO2 due to the lower energy gap level of Fe2O3/TiO2 hybrid heterojunctions as evidenced by the UV–Vis and photoluminescence studies. The decrease of the energy gap level of Fe2O3/TiO2 resulted in the inhibition of electron–hole pair recombination for effective spatial charge separation, thus enhancing the photocatalytic reactions. Based on the obtained results, a possible mechanism for the improved photocatalytic performance associated with Fe2O3/TiO2 was proposed. The Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposite has a specific capacity of 82 F.g−1 and shows a higher capacitance than Fe2O3.
Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Perfume Atomizer Spray Pyrolysis CdO Thin Films: Effect of Solution Volume
Authors: Kasirajan Kasinathan , Radhi Devi Karuppasamy , Rajini Murugesan , Karunakaran Marimuthu 
Published: October 2021

CdO films have been deposited on glass substrates with different solution volume (30, 40 and 50 mL) at 200°C using perfume atomizers spray pyrolysis method. X-ray diffraction studies shows that the prepared thin film had cubic and polycrystalline nature. Scanning electron microscope shows the influence of solution volume on surface morphology of the CdO thin film. Optical studies show that in these films the electronic transition is of the direct transition type. The optical energy gap for the films of as deposited are vary from 2.12 to 2.00 eV with solution volume. Photoluminescence results analysis confirmed that the dependence of optical energy gap on solution volume. The Hall measurements were carried out and the results were discussed.
The Radiology of COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: AKGÜL ÖZMEN Cihan 
Published: October 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached a pandemic stage in March 2020 and currently more than 220 million patients worldwide are infected. The characteristic findings of COVID-19 pneumonia are bilateral, peripheral, rounded ground-glass opacities (GGO) which are dominantly located in the lower lobes and that may be accompanied by consolidation. The distribution of the parenchymal lesions was reported to be bilateral (88%), multi-lobar (78%) and peripheral (76%), with a tendency to involve the posterior regions of the lungs (80%). Several other chest CT findings, such as interlobular septal thickening, bronchiectasis, “crazy paving” and halo sign, have also been reported but with a lower frequency.
RSNA has published consensus statements to reduce report variability among radiologists and defined 4 main categories: typical, indeterminate, atypical, and negative, to provide a relative likelihood that these findings are attributable to COVID-19 pneumonia.
It is vital to understand that imaging may be normal in the early stages of COVID-19, and many conditions may present with imaging findings mimicking COVID-19 pneumonia. Chest CT may be also used as a useful tool for better identification of patients who will benefit from more aggressive therapy. In addition, CT may be used to evaluate patency of pulmonary and coronary vascular structures and myocardial damage.
Although CT scan is not recommended as a diagnostic and screening tool, it can be helpful to clinician for a fast and accurate decision-making and has a crucial role in the diagnosis, risk stratifying, and follow-up of the progression of COVID-19 pneumonia.
COVID-19 ve Yenidoğan
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Sabahattin , DEGER İbrahim , TANRIVERDİ YILMAZ Sibel 
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 pandemisi dünya çapında yayılmaya devam ederken, risk altındaki popülasyonları belirlememiz ve onları korumak için uygun klinik bakım politikaları geliştirmemiz çok önemlidir.
Yenidoğan SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonunun insidansı ve sonuçlarına ilişkin veriler ortaya çıkmaya devam etse de, öğrenilecek daha çok şey vardır. Şimdiye kadar ki kanıtlar, yenidoğanda dikey bulaşmanın nadir olduğunu ve daha büyük bir oranın doğum sonrası solunum damlacıkları yoluyla veya enfekte anne veya bakıcılarla temas yoluyla enfeksiyon kaptığını göstermektedir. Yenidoğanların çoğunda SARS-CoV-2'ye bağlı semptom gelişmez, ancak prematüreliğe bağlı morbiditeler yoğun bakım ve destek gerektirebilir. Semptomların varlığına bakılmaksızın, COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan şüphelenilen veya teyit edilen annelerden doğan tüm yenidoğanlar test edilmelidir. Yenidoğanda COVID-19 durumu hakkında farkındalık, enfeksiyon önleme ve kontrol önlemleri uygulama yöntemleri teşvik edilmelidir.