bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Densification and Fracture Type of Desert in Tight Oil Reservoirs: A Case Study of the Fuyu Tight Oil Reservoir in the Sanzhao Depression, Songliao Basin
Authors: Zhang Binchi , Kang Dejiang , Ma Shizhong , Duan Wenze , Zhang Yue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The exploration of unconventional oil and gas, especially the exploration process of tight oil, is closely related to the evolution of tight reservoirs and the accumulation process. In order to investigate the densification and accumulation process of the Fuyu tight oil reservoir in the Sanzhao depression, Songliao Basin, through the new understanding of reservoir petrological characteristics, diagenesis and diagenetic sequence are combined with a large number of inclusions: temperature measurement, spectral energy measurement, and single-well burial history analysis, and then contrastive analysis with current reservoir conditions. The results prove that diagenesis is dominated by compaction and cementation, and the restoration of paleoporosity shows that its porosity reduction rate reached 67% and the densification process started in the early Nenjiang Formation and was finalized at the end of the Nenjiang Formation. The accumulation of the Fuyu oil layer generally has the characteristics of two stages and multiple episodes, and the main accumulation period is the end of the Mingshui Formation. The end of the Nenjiang Formation, where the main body of the reservoir is densified, is just a prelude to the massive expulsion of hydrocarbons in the Songliao Basin, which makes the Fuyu oil layer have the characteristics of first compacting and then accumulating. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the accumulation of oil and gas in the Fuyu oil layer, Sanzhao depression, is more dependent on the fault-dominated transport system. In addition, it is believed that tight oil accumulation should have the characteristics of short-distance oil enrichment around the fault, and the development area of fracture deserts near the fault sand body should be the key area for further exploration.
The Association of Dietary Acid Load with Resting Metabolic Rate and Metabolic Components in Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mirzababaei Atieh , Shiraseb Farideh , Setayesh Leila , Tavakoli Atefeh , Clark Cain C. T. Clark , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Several epidemiologic studies have reported that dietary acid load is associated with metabolic profiles; however, to our knowledge, the relationship of this dietary pattern with resting metabolic rate (RMR) among obese and overweight females remains unreported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of dietary acid load RMR and metabolic components among overweight and obese adult women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 375 Iranian adults, aged 18–48 years. Dietary acid load indexes were calculated by using a validated 147-item semi-quantitative FFQ. Biochemical and anthropometric measures were assessed using standard methods. An impedance fat analyzer was used to obtain the body composition and an indirect calorimeter was used to assess the RMR. Result: It was observed that after correction for potential confounders, DBP and NEAP and PRAL scores were inversely associated (P<0.05). NEAP index was inversely associated with RMR (β= -0.25, 95% CI=-0.1.5 to 2.08, P=0.02), and positively associated with WC (β= 1.009, 95% CI=-1.43 to 3.45, P=0.05) and WHR (β= 0.01, 95% CI= -0.01 to0.04, P=0.03), such that subjects with higher scores in NEAP had lower RMR and higher WC and WHR. We also observed that DAL (β= -0.02, 95% CI= -0.08 to0.03, P=0.08) and PRAL (β= -0.037, 95% CI= -1.05 to 0.03 P=0.07) were marginally associated with RMR.Conclusion:The results of the present study suggested that higher dietary acid load scores may be negatively associated with lower RMR, while directly associated with greater WC, WHR, DBP, and HOMA-IR.
The Association of Dietary Acid Load with Resting Metabolic Rate and Metabolic Components in Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mirzababaei Atieh , Shiraseb Farideh , Setayesh Leila , Tavakoli Atefeh , Clark Cain C. T. , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: Several epidemiologic studies have reported that dietary acid load is associated with metabolic profiles; however, to our knowledge, the relationship of this dietary pattern with resting metabolic rate (RMR) among obese and overweight females remains unreported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of dietary acid load RMR and metabolic components among overweight and obese adult women.Results: It was observed that after correction for potential confounders, DBP and NEAP and PRAL scores were inversely associated (P<0.05). NEAP index was inversely associated with RMR (β= -0.25, 95% CI=-0.1.5 to 2.08, P=0.02), and positively associated with WC (β= 1.009, 95% CI=-1.43 to 3.45, P=0.05) and WHR (β= 0.01, 95% CI= -0.01 to0.04, P=0.03), such that subjects with higher scores in NEAP had lower RMR and higher WC and WHR. We also observed that DAL (β= -0.02, 95% CI= -0.08 to0.03, P=0.08) and PRAL (β= -0.037, 95% CI= -1.05 to 0.03 P=0.07) were marginally associated with RMR.
Total Laparoscopic Partial Hepatectomy Versus Open Partial Hepatectomy For Primary Left-Sided Hepatolithiasis: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pan Shu-bo , Wu Chun-li , Zhou Da-chen , Xiong Qi-ru , Geng Xiao-ping , Hou Hui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The advantages of laparoscopic left-sided hepatectomy (LLH) for treating hepatolithiasis in terms of the time to postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS), morbidity, long-term abdominal wall hernias, hospital costs, residual stone rate and recurrence of calculus have not been confirmed by a randomized controlled trial. The aim of this trial is to compare the safety and effectiveness of LLH to those of open left-sided hepatectomy (OLH) for the treatment of hepatolithiasis. Methods: Patients with hepatolithiasis eligible for left-sided hepatectomy will be recruited. The experimental design will produce two randomized arms (laparoscopic and open hepatectomy) at a 1:1 ratio and a prospective registry. All patients will undergo surgery in the setting of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program. The prospective registry will be based on patients who cannot be randomized because of the explicit treatment preference of the patient or surgeon or because of ineligibility (not meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria) for randomization in this trial. The primary outcome is the LOS. The secondary outcomes are percentage readmission, morbidity, mortality, hospital costs, long-term incidence of incisional hernias, residual stone rate and recurrence of calculus. It will be assumed that, in patients undergoing LLH, the length of hospital stay will be reduced by 1.3 days. A sample size of 44 patients in each randomization arm has been calculated as sufficient to detect a 1.3-day reduction in LOS (90% power and α = 0.05 (two-tailed)). The trial is a randomized controlled trial that will provide evidence for the merits of laparoscopic surgery in patients undergoing liver resection within an ERAS program. Discussion: Although the outcomes of LLH have been proven to be comparable to those of OLH in retrospective studies, the use of LLH remains restricted, partly due to the lack of short-and long-term informative RCTs pertaining to patients with hepatolithiasis in ERAS programs. To evaluate the surgical and long-term outcomes of LLH, we will perform a prospective RCT to compare LLH with OLH for hepatolithiasis within an ERAS program.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03958825. Registered on 21 May 2019.
Estimating the State of Epidemics Spreading with Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Tomy Abhishek , Razzanelli Matteo , Lauro Francesco Di , Rus Daniela , Santina Cosimo Della 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
When an epidemic spreads into a population, it is often unpractical or impossible to have a continuous monitoring of all subjects involved. As an alternative, algorithmic solutions can be used to infer the state of the whole population from a limited amount of measures. We analyze the capability of deep neutral networks to solve this challenging task. Our proposed architecture is based on Graph Convolutional Neural Networks. As such it can reason on the effect of the underlying social network structure, which is recognized as the main component in the spreading of an epidemic. We test the proposed architecture with two scenarios modeled on the CoVid-19 pandemic: a generic homogeneous population, and a toy model of Boston metropolitan area.
Evaluation of Technology for the Analysis and Forecasting of Precipitation Using Cyclostationary EOF and Regression Methods
Authors: Sun Mingdong , Kim Gwangseob , Wang Yan , Lei Kun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Precipitation time series exhibit complex fluctuations and statistical changes. We investigate and forecast precipitation variations in South Korea from 1973 to 2019 using cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) and regression methods. First, empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and CSEOF analyses are used to examine the periodic changes in the precipitation data. Then, the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) method is applied to the principal component (PC) time series derived from the EOF and CSEOF precipitation analyses. The fifteen leading EOF and CSEOF modes and their corresponding PC time series clearly reflect the spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics of the precipitation data. Based on the PC forecasts of the EOF and CSEOF models, the EOF-ARMA composite model and CSEOF-ARMA composite model are used to obtain quantitative precipitation forecasts. The comparison results show that both composite models have good performances and similar accuracies. However, the performance of the CSEOF-ARMA model is better than that of the EOF-ARMA model under various measurements. Therefore, the CSEOF-ARMA composite forecast model can be considered an efficient and feasible technology representing an analytical approach for precipitation forecasting in South Korea.
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in pachychoroid: combined treatment with photodynamic therapy and Aflibercept
Authors: Vadalà Maria , Castellucci Massimo , Guarrasi Giulia , Cillino Giovanni , Bonfiglio Vincenza Maria Elena , Casuccio Alessandra , Cillino Salvatore 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction To evaluate the effects of combined therapy using intravitreal Aflibercept (IVA) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy related to pachychoroid disease (PPCV).Methods Patients with PPCV were treated with PDT combined with 3 IVA injections on a monthly basis, followed by pro re nata criteria. The 12-month follow-up consisted of multiple revaluations of visual acuity and SSOCT parameters of clinical activity.Results Nineteen eyes were included in the study; mean age was 65.5 years. Visual acuity improved after 12 months (0.35 ± 0.25 to 0.2 ± 0.20 logMAR, p = 0.005). Percentage of eyes with intraretinal and subretinal fluid reduced from baseline to the 12-month follow-up (from 52.6–10.5%, p = 0.12, and from 89.5–5.3% p = 0.0009, respectively). Central retinal and mean macular thicknesses reduced (258 ± 39.6 to 204.8 ± 38.8 µm p = 0.04 and 293.8 ± 32.1 to 248.1 ± 29.6 µm p = 0.017 respectively). Central choroidal and mean choroidal thicknesses also displayed a reduction (328.6 ± 54.9 to 289.8 ± 44.6 µm p = 0.001 and 314.5 ± 55.3 to 287.9 ± 47.6 µm p = 0.015 respectively). The mean number of injections was 4.6/year.Conclusion The results support the use of a combined therapy with Aflibercept and PDT in PPCV. This treatment would act in synergy, with anti-VEGF controlling exudation and PDT closing the aneurysmal vessel and reducing choroidal congestion.
Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Oral Disease Burden: a Population-based Study
Authors: de Lucena Edson Hilan Gomes , Silva Rênnis Oliveira da , Barbosa Maria Letícia , de Araújo Elza Cristina Farias , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Dental caries is associated with Biological, behavioral, socioeconomic, and environmental factors; however, socioeconomic status is a distal determinant of dental caries development that modulates exposure to risk and protective factors. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the distribution and concentration of oral diseases in a population-based study in Brazil.Methods: This is a quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the SB São Paulo 2015 epidemiological survey. A total of 17,560 subjects were included. The concentration of oral disease in the population was estimated by the oral disease burden (ODB) variable. The ODB consists of four components: dental caries; tooth loss; need for dental prosthesis and periodontal condition. Thus, the total score on the ODB could vary between 0 and 4, with the highest score indicating the worst possible situation. ODB was analyzed in multivariate negative binomial regression, and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. The following demographic data were included as independent variables: age group, skin color, socioeconomic data, and family income.Results: ODB was present in 86.9% of the sample. Negative multivariate binomial regression showed a statistically significant relationship (p<0.005) between ODB and all variables analyzed (skin color, family income, education, OIDP results and age range). The adjusted multivariate binary logistic regression showed that the individuals most likely to have at least one component of ODB were nonwhite (25.5%), had a family income of up to R$ 1,500.00 / month (19.6%), had only completed primary education (19.1%), and reported that their oral health had an impact on their daily activities (57.6%). Elderly individuals were two times more likely than adolescents to have an ODB component.Conclusions: ODB is associated with factors related to social inequality. Adults and elderly individuals had the highest cumulative number of ODB components.
A Higher Serum Anion Gap is Associated with the Risk of Progressing to Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yingchao , Xiong Fengran , Zhao Ruxuan , Shi Tingting , Yang Jin-Kui , Lu Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Backgound Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is an invertible interim hyperglycemia period with an increasing risk of diabetes and related complications. Our study was designed to identify that the serum anion gap is related to the risk of progressing to IFG and diabetes. Methods We performed a prospective, population-based study among 1191 Chinese individuals aged 22-87 years who taken health examinations annually between 2006 and 2012 including clinical features and plasma metabolites. All of the participants had no history of diabetes or related chronic complications. We designed logistic regression analysis to examine the associations between clinical and metabolomic factors and the risk of developing to IFG or diabetes. Results Among them, 58 subjects whose fasting glucose were between 6.1 and 7 mmol/L were diagnosed as IFG or diabetes. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), potassium and albumin at baseline, the participants in the upper tertiles of serum anion gap (SAG) are more likely to progress to IFG or diabetes than those in the lower tertiles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to predict incidence of IFG or diabetes. We found the optimal cutoff level for the anion gap was 13.76 mmol/L and the AUC (area under ROC curve) was 0.623. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that a higher SAG is associated with the risk of developing IFG or diabetes.
Design Pollution Gas Sensor Using Graphene Ribbon: Density Function Theory (DFT)
Authors: Al-Hasnawy Ruaa.S. , Shaker Ali S. , Albosaabar Muntather H , Al-Maamouri Zahraa A. , Al-taee Hamed A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Density Function theory (DFT) calculation used to employed ground and excitation states for graphene ribbons, types of adsorption, energy gap, maximum wave length and optical band gap. Adsorption energy showed that CO2 gas molecule have chemical adsorption in distance 1 and 1.5 Angstrom, distance 2 and 2.5 Angstrom appear physical adsorption, adsorption energy decreased when distance between surface and gas molecule increasing. Resulting from chemical adsorption energy gap change with distance 1 and 1.5 Angstrom because attract gas molecule with surface. Excitation energy for nano system in sample 1 and 4 shifted to low wavelength (blue shift) change from 1018 nm to 993 nm and 718 nm on series. Other sample have red shift and energy gap becoming open. Result showed that graphene ribbon sense carbon dioxide gas (CO2).
Larotinib in Patients with Advanced and Previously Treated Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Overexpression or Amplification: An Open-Label, Multicenter Phase 1b Study
Authors: Xu Jianming , Liu Lianke , Liu Rongrui , Bai Yuxian , Zheng Yulong , Zhang Shu , Li Ning , Yang Jianwei , Fan Qingxia , Wang Xiuwen , Zeng Shan , Zhang Yingjun , Zhang Weihong , Zhuang Yulei , Kang Ning , Zhou Qinghong , Jiang Yingzhi , Sun Hongmei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Larotinib is a new first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This open-label, phase 1b study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety of larotinib in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with EGFR overexpression or amplification pretreated with one or more system regimens, and to recommend an appropriate dose for its further study.
Methods

Patients received larotinib orally at 3 doses (250, 300, 350 mg), once daily. Clinical response was evaluated every 8-weeks according to RECIST v1.1 criteria by both investigators and independent radiology review (IRC).
Results

81 patients were enrolled. The investigator-assessed overall response rate (ORR) was 13.7% (10/73), all responses were observed in the 350 mg group of which ORR up to 20.0% (10/50), with 10 of them having EGFR overexpression and 4 having EGFR amplification. Per IRC assessment, ORR for all patients and 350 mg group were 13.9% (10/72) and 16.3% (8/50). In the 350 mg group, median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 8.0 (95% CI, 4.9–10.2) months and 3.4 (95%CI, 2.4–3.7) months, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were diarrhea, rash, and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, elevated AST/ALT, vomiting, similarly with other EGFR TKIs.
Conclusions

Larotinib demonstrated promising antitumor activity and manageable safety profiles in patients with pre-treated advanced ESCC with EGFR overexpression or amplification, especially at the dose of 350 mg, which showed better efficacy and acceptable safety. A phase 3 study is underway on 350 mg larotinib in ESCC patients with EGFR overexpression.
Trial registration:

NCT03888092, registered on March 25, 2019, retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03888092
Challenges in eDNA Detection of the Invasive European Green Crab, Carcinus Maenas
Authors: Danziger Ariella M. , Frederich Markus 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The early detection of invasive species is essential to cease the spread of the species before it can cause irreversible damage to the environment. The analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) has emerged as a non-harmful method to detect the presence of a species before visual detection and is a promising approach to monitor invasive species. Few studies have investigated the use of eDNA for arthropods, as their exoskeleton is expected to limit the release of eDNA into the environment. We tested published primers for the invasive European green crab, Carcinus maenas, in the Gulf of Maine and found them not species-specific enough for reliable use outside of the area for which they were designed for. We then designed new primers, tested them against a broad range of local faunal species, and validated these primers in a field study. We demonstrate that eDNA analyses can be used for crustaceans with an exoskeleton and suggest that primers and probe sequences must be tested on local fauna at each location of use to ensure no positive amplification of these other species.
Pharmacologically Induced Weight Loss Is Associated With Distinct Gut Microbiome Changes In Obese Rats
Authors: Raineri Silvia , Sherriff Julia A , Thompson Kevin S.J. , Jones Huw , Pfluger Paul T , Ilott Nicholas E , Mellor Jane 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Obesity, metabolic disease and some psychiatric conditions are associated with changes to relative abundance of bacterial species and specific genes in the fecal microbiome. Little is known about the impact of pharmacologically induced weight loss on distinct gut microbiome species and their respective gene programs in obese individuals. Results: Using shotgun metagenomics, the composition of the microbiome was obtained for two cohorts of obese female Wistar rats (n=10-12, total of 82) maintained on a high fat diet before and after a 42-day treatment with a panel of four investigatory or approved anti-obesity drugs (tacrolimus/FK506, bupropion, naltrexone and sibutramine), alone or in combination. We found that sibutramine treatment induced consistent weight loss through reducing food intake. Weight loss in sibutramine-treated rats was associated with changes to the gut microbiome that included increased beta-diversity, increased Bacteroides/Firmicutes ratio and increased relative abundance of multiple Bacteroides species. In addition, the relative abundance of multiple genes was found to be differentially abundant, including significant reductions in components of flagellum and genes involved in flagellum assembly. Conclusions: This study provides a large resource comprising complete shotgun metagenomics datasets of the fecal microbiome coupled with weight change and food intake at day 3, day 15 and day 42 from 82 obese rats treated with a range of compounds used for weight loss, which are available to the community for detailed analysis. Furthermore, by conducting a detailed analysis of the microbiome associated with sibutramine-induced weight loss, we have identified multiple weight-loss associated microbial taxa and pathways. These include a reduction in components of flagellum and the flagellum assembly pathway that points to a potential role of sibutramine-induced weight-loss on regulating bacterially driven anti-inflammatory responses.