bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of altitude and climate on species richness and endemism: A study case with non‐volant small mammals in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Ferreguetti Átilla Colombo , Bezerra de Menezes Márjore , Pereira‐Ribeiro Juliane , Rocha Carlos Frederico Duarte , Bergallo Helena Godoy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractElevational gradients usually help to explain the potential factors underlying global biodiversity, as changing altitude leads to strong habitat changes in a relatively small area. We tested the influence of the altitude gradient on the small non‐volant mammal’s community along the regional landscape of the Atlantic Forest located of the Espírito Santo state, Brazil. We trapped non‐volant small mammals from January 2017 to October 2018 in 12 locations distributed along an altitude gradient ranging from sea level to 2100 m above sea level (asl). We ordered the non‐volant small mammal species by using a Non‐Metric Multidimensional Scaling analysis using the Bray–Curtis metric. To understand how the altitude, vegetation types and climate variables influence the richness and abundance of species, we fitted generalised linear model. We observed that small mammal species composition differed according to altitude, with higher richness in locations with intermediate altitude between 500–1500 m asl. In locations with higher altitude, between 1501–2200 m asl, we recorded a lower species richness, but higher endemism. Our results suggest altitude influenced the community of non‐volant small mammals. However, altitude direct influence on other variables is not evaluated in the present study, such as food availability. In addition, we found a high endemism in higher altitude areas, pointing out the importance of conserving these mountain areas for the preservation of endemic species. Thus, highlighting the importance of this study to suggest areas that deserve greater attention in the development of management and conservation plans.
Pre‐operative low muscle mass is associated with major complications and lower recurrence‐free survival after gastric cancer surgery
Authors: Alnimri Feras , Sivakumar Jonathan , Sutherland Tom , Johnson Mary A. , Ward Salena , Chong Lynn , Hii Michael W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundLow muscle mass (LMM) has been associated with post‐operative morbidity. This study aimed to examine the relationship between pre‐operative LMM and major post‐operative complications and survival in patients undergoing curative resection for gastric cancer.MethodsA single‐centre retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2008 and 2018. Patient demographics, radiological parameters, pathological data and complications were recorded. Skeletal muscle index was calculated using OsiriX software by manually measuring the cross‐sectional skeletal muscle area at the third lumbar vertebra and correcting to the patient's height. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the risk factors associated with the outcomes.ResultsA total of 62 patients (36 males, mean age 68.3 ± 1.5 years) met the inclusion criteria. Twenty‐six (41.9%) patients had LMM pre‐operatively. Demographic data in the non‐LMM and LMM groups were equally matched except for body mass index (27.6 ± 0.8 kg/m2 versus 24.3 ± 1.1 kg/m2; P = 0.012) and serum albumin (36.7 ± 0.7 g/L versus 33.8 ± 1.0 g/L; P = 0.017), which were higher in the non‐LMM. LMM was associated with higher incidence of total (35.5% versus 64.5%; P = 0.006), minor (40% versus 60%; P = 0.030), major (9.1% versus 90.9%; P = 0.004) post‐operative complications and decreased recurrence‐free survival (hazard ratio 2.29; 95% confidence interval 1.10–4.77; P = 0.027).ConclusionLMM is a significant independent risk factor for major post‐operative complications and recurrence‐free survival after gastrectomy. Pre‐operative identification of LMM could be a useful tool for prognostication and may identify a group suitable for prehabilitation.
Articulation, oral function, and quality of life in patients treated with implant overdentures in the mandible: A prospective study
Authors: Fonteyne Ester , Matthys Carine , Bruneel Laura , Becue Laurence , De Bruyn Hugo , Van Lierde Kristiane 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundModifications of facial and oral structures affect aesthetic appearance, orofacial functions, and have impact on quality of life.PurposeThis study determined alterations of articulation, oromyofunctional behavior, and Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in patients replacing complete removable dentures by implant retained overdentures in the mandible.Materials and methodsTwenty‐one fully edentulous patients received mandibular overdenture retained on a bar connecting two titanium dental implants. Patients were evaluated after receiving a new set of fully removable dentures (stage 1), after surgery during provisionalization on healing abutments (stage 2), and after final connection to the bar (stage 3). Assessments were taken by speech therapists and included evaluation of: articulation (picture naming and reading); oromyofunctional behavior; OHRQoL (OHIP‐14 questionnaire), and overall satisfaction and speech (VAS). To measure changes over time, Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐rank‐test and McNemar test was used.ResultsThere was no significant impact of the treatment on speech nor on the results of oromyofunction. In stage 1, patients had different kinds of articulation errors (mean:1.21) which evolved to 0.71 and 0.67. In stage 3, especially problems with the /s/ sound are seen in 37% (7/19) of the participants. Results of OHRQoL and satisfaction reveal that the average of satisfaction with oral health evolved from 67% to 63% and finally 78%. OHIP‐14 total score was 17.4/56 in stage 1, remained unchanged in stage 2 and evolved in stage 3 to 9.8/56 (P: .010). This indicates improvement. Satisfaction with speech evolved significantly from 68% pretreatment to 82% in stage 3 (P: .013).ConclusionDespite existing articulation and oromyofunctional disorders after treatment, people are very satisfied with their OHRQoL and their speech. Impact of mandibular denture wearing on OHRQoL declines once connected. It's important to inform patients that speech and oromyofunctional disorders may occur during treatment where especially the /s/ sound is vulnerable.
961. ZINGIBER FLAVOFUSIFORME
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Aung Mu Mu 
Published: February 2021

SummaryZingiber flavofusiforme M.M. Aung & Nob. Tanaka, a little‐known species, is described and illustrated. This species was described as endemic to Myanmar, but has recently been recorded from Assam, India. Morphological comparison with the Indian plants and variation in this species is discussed. An overview of Hthamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary, the type locality of this species, is introduced.
963. IMPATIENS KINGDON‐WARDII
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2021

SummaryImpatiens kingdon‐wardii Nob. Tanaka & T. Sugaw. is illustrated, and the history of its discovery is given. IUCN conservation status is reassessed based on the recent further collections from Myanmar. A white flower form of I. kingdon‐wardii is described here.
964. BEGONIA TOGASHII
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2021

SummaryBegonia togashii Nob. Tanaka & C.I Peng is illustrated. Though Begonia togashii was described only in 2016, it had been unnamed for nearly 40 years after its discovery from Myanmar by an outstanding Japanese plant hunter, Makoto Togashi. The interesting history of naming this species is given.
MYANMAR, THE LAST FRONTIER OF FLORISTIC RESEARCH IN SE ASIA
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2021

Summary.With its wealth of plant diversity, Myanmar is one of the most botanically fascinating countries in the world. Despite over two decades of collecting since the 2000s by world botanists, Myanmar still shows a low specimen collection density. Much more fundamental inventories are required to comprehend the whole flora and its conservation. This part of Curtis's Botanical Magazine introduces seven species of Myanmar flowering plants, most of which are endemic to Myanmar and recently described.
The utility of a fidelity measure to monitor implementation of new early psychosis services across Australia
Authors: Williams Georgia , Farrelly Simone , Thompson Andrew , Stavely Heather , Albiston Dianne , van der El Kristie , McGorry Patrick , Killackey Eóin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimEarly psychosis delivery models have proliferated worldwide, but there is limited research into establishing model fidelity. In this context, this article aims to describe the development and implementation of a fidelity tool in a national network of early psychosis services across Australia—the headspace Early Psychosis program.MethodsFollowing a detailed consultation process, and based on the Australian Early Psychosis model, an 80‐item Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre Model Integrity Tool (EMIT) was developed along with predefined thresholds for fidelity. The tool was used to assess adherence to the model in six clusters of service sites across Australia. Ratings on the EMIT were informed by interviews with site staff and young people receiving the service, routinely collected data and site policies and procedures.ResultsAll six clusters of headspace Early Psychosis programs participated in five fidelity assessments across a period of two and a half years. In the initial two visits, the average fidelity score was in the ‘low’ fidelity range (i.e., <75%). By the fifth fidelity visit, the network average improved to 92.35%, reflecting ‘superior’ fidelity.ConclusionsResults of the longitudinal fidelity assessments indicate the successful implementation of the Australian Early Psychosis model across the headspace Early Psychosis program. Utilisation of ongoing fidelity assessments has proved an effective method to improve and maintain adherence to the model.
Spatial music
Authors: Dyck John 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEveryone agrees that musical works are individuated by essential elements such as tone, harmony, and rhythm. Some argue that timbre or instrumentation is an essential element of some musical works, too. I argue here that there is a further essential element of some musical works: spatial location. Some works of music are partly constituted by the location and motion of their sound sources. I begin by describing works of spatial music and arguing that they exist. I then consider the implications for the ontology of music. Hardcore formalists cannot allow for spatial music. I argue that two other views, which allow a close relationship between sounds and musical works, can allow for works of spatial music. However, their ability to do so turns on issues in the philosophy of sound. I appeal to work in the philosophy of sound to show that music is an art not just of hearing, but of sounds. Musical elements can be located just like sounds are located.
Can hedge funds benefit from corporate social responsibility investment?
Authors: Duanmu Jun , Huang Qiping , Li Yongjia , McBrayer Garrett A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe explore the extent to which hedge funds incorporate corporate social responsibility (CSR) considerations in the development of their investment strategies. Using an asset‐weighted composite measure of CSR by fund, we examine the difference in financial performance between hedge funds with high CSR investment relative to those with low CSR investment and document no significant difference. Yet, we find that hedge funds increase their exposure to high‐CSR investments over our sample period, specifically postfinancial crisis. We find that the increases in CSR investment are associated with lower return volatilities in the future. Additionally, hedge funds with higher weighted CSR scores exhibit significantly lower risk factor loadings than funds with lower weighted CSR scores. Our results suggest that hedge funds are able to derive benefits by using CSR considerations as a form of risk mitigation in their investment policies.
Improving the oxygen barrier of microcapsules using cellulose nanofibres
Authors: Kak Atisheel , Parhi Ashutos , Rasco Barbara A. , Tang Juming , Sablani Shyam S. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryIn this study, the oxygen barrier and physical properties of two maltodextrin/gum Arabic (MD/GA) (3:1 w/w) microcapsules with dextrose equivalence (DE) 26 and 6 were assessed with or without the incorporation of cellulose nanofibres (CNF). The oxygen diffusion coefficient (Deff) was between 10.6 × 10−15 m2 s−1 and 17.3 × 10−15 m2 s−1 for all microcapsules. The addition of CNF improved the oxygen barrier of MD/GA microcapsules. The incorporation of CNF did not significantly impact Tg due to the low quantity of CNF present in the microcapsules. Wettability was higher in CNF incorporated microcapsules, and dispersibility was lower only for microcapsules with maltodextrin of DE 26. Spray‐dried microcapsules exhibited poor flowability and high cohesiveness due to the moisture content (2.0–2.5%) of the powders. The results suggest that incorporation of CNF can increase the oxygen barrier of MD/GA microcapsules which may lead to better oxidative stability of micronutrients incorporated in the microcapsules.
Risk factors of falls and the gender differences in older adults with diabetes at outpatient clinics
Authors: Wang Ruey‐Hsia , Hsu Hui‐Chun , Chen Shi‐Yu , Lee Chun‐Ming , Lee Yau‐Jiunn , Ma Shin‐Ming , Chen Wan‐Yi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore the risk factors of falls and the gender differences based on demographic and disease characteristics, physical capability, and fear of falling in older adults with diabetes visiting outpatient clinics in Taiwan.DesignCross‐sectional design.MethodsA total of 485 patients with type 2 diabetes aged between 65 and 80 years were recruited from three endocrine outpatient clinics in Taiwan. Demographic and disease characteristics, fall history in the previous one year and fear of falling were collected by a self‐reported questionnaire. Calf circumference, handgrip strength, one‐leg standing and time up‐and‐go tests were all performed to assess the physical capability of participants. Data were collected from May 2019 to May 2020.ResultsFemale gender (OR = 1.75), handgrip strength (OR = 2.43) and fear of falling (OR = 3.38) were important risk factors of falls overall, although fear of falling (OR = 4.69) was the only important risk factor of falls in males, while handgrip strength (OR = 3.48) and fear of falling (OR = 2.86) were important risk factors of falls in females. The sensitivity of simultaneous screening handgrip strength and fear of falling were 85.7, 86.4 and 86.2 in males, females and older adults overall with diabetes, respectively.ConclusionFear of falling was an important risk factor of falls in both genders, especially in males. Handgrip strength was an important risk factor of falls specifically for females. By simultaneously screening fear of falling and handgrip strength, risk of falls in older adults with diabetes at outpatient clinics could be identified in a more timely manner.ImpactNurses could periodically and simultaneously assess fear of falling and handgrip strength of older adults with diabetes at outpatient clinics. For those are identified at risk of falls on either fear of falling or handgrip strength, nurses could provide corresponding interventions to reduce the fear of falling or improve muscle strength to prevent such falls.
Belief in group interdependence: Facilitating evacuee–host interactions after the Fukushima nuclear accident
Authors: Kobayashi Tomoyuki , Yoshida Kazuki , Takebayashi Yoshitake , Goto Aya , Kumagai Atsushi , Murakami Michio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAfter the 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident, intercultural friction and aversion arose between evacuees and host community residents in relocation areas. We examined whether a belief in group interdependence—the extent to which an individual believes that group function is realized through interdependence with related other groups—is consistent with positive interactions between evacuees and hosts. A door‐to‐door survey of 77 evacuees and 75 hosts revealed that residents with an integrated social identity interacted favorably with both ingroup and outgroup members, and that a belief in group interdependence was consistent with the integration of social identity between the evacuee and host communities. Those findings suggest that a belief in group interdependence can reduce intercultural conflict by allowing both immigrants and host residents to acquire an integrated social identity without the dilemma of internalizing different cultures into an individual's mind.
A rapid in vitro leaf inoculation assay to investigate Phytophthora palmivora–coconut interactions
Authors: Karyath Palliyath Gangaraj , Kilingar Subrahmanya Muralikrishna , Antony Ginny , Binod Bihari Sahu , Hegde Vinayaka , Muliyar Krishna Rajesh 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBud rot, caused by Phytophthora palmivora, is one of the major lethal diseases of the coconut palm. It is a sporadic disease but can assume epidemic proportions occasionally. There is a high risk involved in carrying out studies of plant–pathogen interactions through field trials, especially in a crop like coconut. We have developed an in vitro leaf assay, which would enable an easy and close monitoring of interactions occurring between P. palmivora and coconut during the course of infection by recreating the field infection process in the laboratory. Spindle leaves from adult coconut palms were surface sterilized and inoculated in basal Y3 medium in Petri plates. After a week in culture, the surface of the leaves was pricked and inoculated with zoospore suspension of P. palmivora culture. Typical lesion development was noticed on the surface of the coconut leaves 12–24 hr after inoculation of the pathogen. Electrolyte leakage assays and histological studies using scanning electron microscopy, were also undertaken to study the disease progression. The presence of the pathogen in the coconut leaflets was confirmed using PCR and RT‐PCR with Phytophthora‐specific primers. The pathogen could be re‐isolated from the infected regions, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The novel in vitro leaf assay developed through this study is rapid, space‐effective, precise and inexpensive. It could be utilized for detailed investigations of the qualitative interactions between coconut and P. palmivora.
Exploring health care graduates' conceptualisations of preparedness for practice: A longitudinal qualitative research study
Authors: Ottrey Ella , Rees Charlotte E. , Kemp Caitlin , Brock Tina P. , Leech Michelle , Lyons Kayley , Monrouxe Lynn V. , Morphet Julia , Palermo Claire 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionAlthough preparedness for practice (P4P) has been variously described, little shared understanding exists about what P4P is across the health professions. How P4P is conceptualised matters, because this shapes how stakeholders think, talk about and act towards it. Further, multiple understandings can result in diverse expectations for graduate performance. This study therefore explores health care learners’ solicited and unsolicited conceptualisations of P4P over their early graduate transition.MethodsWe conducted longitudinal qualitative research including individual and group entrance interviews (phase 1: n = 35), longitudinal audio‐diaries (phase 2: n = 30), and individual and group exit interviews (phase 3: n = 22) with learners from four disciplines (dietetics, medicine, nursing and pharmacy). We employed framework analysis to interrogate data cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.ResultsWe found 13 conceptualisations of P4P (eg knowledge, confidence), broadly similar across the disciplines. We found some conceptualisations dominant in both solicited and unsolicited talk (eg skills), some dominant only in solicited talk (eg competence) and others dominant only in unsolicited talk (eg experience). Although most conceptualisations appeared relatively stable across time, some appeared to dominate at certain time points only (eg employability and skills in phases 1 and 2, and competence in phase 3).DiscussionThis novel study extends previous uniprofessional work by illustrating a broader array of conceptualisations, differences between professions, solicited versus unsolicited talk and longitudinal cohort patterns. We encourage health care educators to discuss these different P4P understandings in graduate transition interventions. Further research is needed to explore other stakeholders’ conceptualisations, and over a duration beyond the early graduate transition.
A case of overshunting‐associated myelopathy that developed 27 years after placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Authors: Fujimori Juichi , Kikuchi Hirokazu , Kameyama Masayuki , Haryu Shinya , Sato Kenichi , Sasaki Tatsuya , Ozawa Hiroshi , Murata Takaki , Nakashima Ichiro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOvershunting‐associated myelopathy (OSAM) is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. Here, we report the case of a 52‐year‐old man who presented with OSAM without positional headache 27 years after the placement of a VP shunt. The patient recovered after shunt ligation and transection. Although rare, chronic cerebrospinal fluid overdrainage can lead to cervical myelopathy due to spinal cord compression by the dilated vertebral veins/epidural venous plexus. Thus, reversible OSAM needs to be differentiated during the diagnosis of cervical myelopathy.
Photoactive Platinum(II) Azopyridine Complexes†
Authors: Farley Sarah J. , Salassa Luca , Pizarro Ana M. , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPlatinum(II) complexes containing the strong π‐acceptor N,N‐chelating ligand phenylazopyridine (Ph‐azpy) [Pt(p‐R‐Ph‐azpy)X2], R = H, NMe2 or OH, X = Cl or N3, have been synthesized and characterized to explore the effects of monodentate ligands and phenyl substituents on their absorption spectra and photoactivation. Time‐dependent density functional theory calculations showed that the complexes have a low‐lying unoccupied orbital with strong σ‐antibonding character toward the majority of the coordination bonds. The UV–visible absorption bands were assigned as mainly ligand‐centered or metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer transitions, with strong contributions from the chlorido and azido groups. In complexes with substituted Ph‐azpy ligands, σ‐donation from NMe2 and OH/O– groups results in a redshift of the main absorption bands compared with unsubstituted Ph‐azpy complexes. The diazido complexes are photoactive in solution upon irradiation with either UVA or visible light for R = H or NMe2, or UVA only when R = OH/O–. Intriguingly, the phenolate group of the latter complex undergoes very slow protonation in solution. Biological screening was limited by poor solubility; however, initial tests showed that the phenolato diazido complex is rapidly taken up into the nuclei of HaCaT keratinocytes, which are stained intensely blue, and its cytotoxicity is increased upon irradiation with UVA light.