bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food insecurity is associated with household insurance status and number of affected children among families of children with hemophilia (805.14)
Authors: Adams Elizabeth , Gloeckner Sarah , Stadler Diane , Black Anna , Helm Joanna , Recht Michael 
Published: June 2021

Food insecurity (FI), the limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe food, negatively affects children’s health. Households (HH) of children with hemophilia (CWH) may be at increased risk for FI due to hemophilia‐related expenses.Objective: To quantify FI and its determinants among HH of CWH.Methods: FI and child health status, recorded at annual hemophilia visits between 5/2012 and 6/2013, were obtained by chart review. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics. ANOVA and multivariable logistic regression (MLR) quantified associations with FI.Results: Data were obtained for 54 males aged 1 mo to 17 y. By severity, 29.6% had mild, 22.2% moderate, and 48.1% severe hemophilia. Prevalence of FI was 20.4% overall and 18.8% among HH of children with mild, moderate (8.3%), and severe disease (26.9%). FI was concentrated among HH enrolled in public (39.1%) vs. private insurance (6.5%, p<0.05). HH with >1 CWH were at higher risk for FI (71.4%) vs. others (12.8%; p<0.002). MLR revealed that having >1 CWH (OR=15.29, 95% CI: 1.96‐119.43, p<0.009) and public insurance (OR=7.62, 95% CI: 1.22‐ 47.54, p<0.03) were associated with higher odds of FI.Conclusions: HH of CWH are at risk for FI, especially HH with public insurance and/or >1 CWH. Screening for FI in specialty clinics is a promising approach to identify and target resources to address FI among HH of CWH.
Mother’s nutritional status and food insecurity implications over the stunting prevalence in Mexican children (805.4)
Authors: Shamah Levy Teresa , Mundo Rosas Verónica , Morales Ruan M. del Carmen , Cuevas Nasu Lucia , Méndez Gómez‐Humarán Ignacio , Rivera Dommarco Juan A. 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To assess the association between the nutritional status of the mothers and the presence of food insecurity at home level with stunting prevalence in children under five years old in Mexico.Methods: Data comes from the National Nutrition Survey 2012 in Mexico. We obtained information from 5154 binomials mother/children (< 5y old). We used the Latin American and Caribbean household food Security measurement scale (ELCSA). Stunting (height for age) in children was determined by the z‐score for indicator using by the WHO Growth Reference, and for obesity and overweight in women we used the categories proposed by the WHO: malnutrition (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5 to24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25‐29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (蠅 30 kg/m2).A logistic regression model was constructed in order to study the effect of the mother’s nutritional status and the food insecurity level over the stunting prevalence in children under five years old. Ages from children and mother were included in the model as correction variables.Results: 69.9% of the women from households with food insecurity suffer overweight and obesity, from them 17.4 % of their sons suffers stunting.A significant effect was observed in the interaction of nutritional state of the mother and food insecurity level over the stunting prevalence in children under 5 years old (p = 0.066). Stunting prevalence is slightly reduced when the mother presents overweight or obesity, regarding the household food insecurity, as this condition increases the stunting also rise but is markedly reduced when overweight and obesity increases in the mothers.Conclusions: Stunting in children is mainly associated to households with greater food insecurity and low weight mothers.
Dietary intake of younger and older adolescents in Louisiana and their adherence to national dietary recommendations (806.14)
Authors: Lewis Markita , Walker‐Girior Tanya , Durham Holiday , Lammi‐Keefe Carol 
Published: June 2021

During adolescence females undergo physiological changes increasing nutrient needs for development. Previous research has shown that adolescent diet quality decreases with age, failing to meet recommendations set by Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 (DGA2010). This increases the risk for nutrient deficiencies which may affect development and increase risks for young women’s reproductive years. The purpose of this study was to identify intake of food groups and nutrients among adolescent females in Louisiana in accordance with DGA 2010 and determine if intake differences existed between younger (12‐13yrs) and older adolescents (14‐17yrs). For our study, 26 females (ages 12‐17yrs) were recruited from the 2013 Louisiana State 4‐H Fashion Camp. Participants were administered the Block Food Screener for Ages 2‐17 Food Frequency Questionnaire. Food group and nutrient data were grouped by age (12‐13 versus 14‐17 yrs) and compared using a One‐Way ANOVA. No significant differences existed in dietary intake between younger and older adolescents. Intake of protein, fruits, and total fat were within DGA 2010 recommendations. However, intake of vegetables, dairy products, whole grains, protein foods, iron, folate and calcium were inadequate in all adolescents. Future studies should assess reasons for suboptimal nutrient intake among adolescent females in Louisiana so that relevant nutrition education programs can be implemented to increase diet quality.Grant Funding Source: Supported by LSU's Ronald E. McNair Research Scholars program.
Multivitamin/mineral supplement contribution to micronutrient intakes in the United States (806.15)
Authors: Wallace Taylor , Fulgoni Victor , McBurney Michael 
Published: June 2021

Multivitamin/mineral supplements are the most common dietary supplements consumed in the United States; however, intake data specific to how multivitamin/mineral supplements use contributes to micronutrient intakes among Americans are absent from the current scientific literature. This analysis aimed to assess contributions of micronutrients to usual intakes derived from multivitamin/mineral supplements and to compare those intakes to the Dietary Reference Intakes for U.S. residents aged 蠅4 y according to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007‐2010 (n = 16,444). We used the National Cancer Institute method to assess usual intakes of 21 micronutrients. Our results showed that 51% of Americans consumed multivitamin/mineral supplements containing 蠅9 micronutrients. Large portions of the population had total usual intakes (food and multivitamin/mineral supplement use) below the estimated average requirement for vitamins A (35%), C (31%), D (74%), E (67%), calcium (39%), and magnesium (46%). Only 0, 8%, and 33% of the population had total usual intakes of potassium, choline, and vitamin K above the adequate intake when food and multivitamin/mineral use was considered. The percentage of the population with total intakes greater than the tolerable upper intake level was low for all nutrients; excess intakes of zinc were the highest (3.5%) across the population of all the nutrients assessed.Grant Funding Source: Council for Responsible Nutrition
Differences in n‐3 and n‐6 PUFA biosynthesis in African and European Americans (806.16)
Authors: Chilton Floyd , Howard Timothy , Sergeant Susan , Manichaikul Ani , Rich Stephen , Wilson Bryan , Seeds Michael 
Published: June 2021

Levels and ratios of omega‐6 (n‐6) and omega‐3 (n‐3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LcPUFAs) impact a wide range of biological activities and human diseases. We have shown marked differences in the synthesis of the n‐6 LcPUFA, arachidonic acid (20:4, n‐6), between African (AfAm) and European (EuAm) ancestry populations in the US. N‐3 LcPUFA biosynthesis is more complex, including up to 4 additional biochemical steps to make docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6, n‐3). Given the critical role of the balance of n‐6 and n‐3 LcPUFAs on biological responses, the objective of the current study was to compare the efficiency of biosynthesis of both n‐6 and n‐3 LcPUFA in AfAm and EuAm subjects. Serum levels of PUFAs were examined in two cohorts, and AfAm contained higher DHA levels in both cohorts (p= 4 x 10‐6 and 1.7 x 10‐9) and higher DHA to precursor n‐3 PUFA ratios (p=1.7x10‐8 and 6.8x10‐20) than EuAm. Analysis of 77 candidate SNPs in the six genes proposed to participate in LcPUFA biosynthesis revealed strong associations between SNPs and biosynthetic capacity in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS1/2) gene cluster in EuAm and weaker associations in the elongase gene, ELOVL2. These data indicate that there are marked differences between AfAm and EuAm in n‐3 LcPUFA biosynthesis and that genetic variants, particularly within the FADS1/2 gene cluster, appear to play a critical role in the regulation of PUFA biosynthesis. These observations raise important questions of whether gene‐PUFA interactions induced by the modern western diet are differentially driving the risk of PUFA‐driven diseases in diverse populations.Grant Funding Source: NIH‐P50 AT002782
Liquid consumption, but not pesticide exposure, was a determinant of diabetes in migrant and seasonal farmworker women in Michigan (806.2)
Authors: Shin Dayeon , Nieves Violeta , Groth Jodi , Song Won O. 
Published: June 2021

The prevalence of diabetes in Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers (MSFW) is even higher than that in Hispanics in the US. We assessed if consumption of beverages (choices and amount) and training on pesticide (a proxy of pesticide exposure) are associated with the risk of diabetes in MSFW women in MI. Healthy Families=Healthy Babies projects were conducted with 251 women between May‐October, 2012. After incomplete responses were removed, the final sample size included 155 women with a mean age of 28y (7.0, SD). Unadjusted and age‐adjusted logistic regression models were used to examine the association between beverages consumption, pesticide training and the risk of diabetes. Twenty two (14%) MSFW women reported having diabetes. MSFW women who consumed 1‐2 glasses of alcohols/day had higher risk of diabetes (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.7 [95% CI=1.2‐18.3], p=0.03; age‐adjusted OR 5.8 [95% CI=1.4‐24.6], p=0.02). Water, coffee, and milk consumption and training of pesticide were not associated with the risk of diabetes. In conclusion, alcohol consumption was associated with the risk of diabetes in MSFW women. Healthy Families=Healthy Babies projects allowed researchers to study nutritional health and health risks in the hard‐to‐reach MSFW women and underscores the importance of nutrition education in relation to diabetes. Potential longitudinal evaluation of risk factors beyond beverage consumption for the risk of diabetes needs to be explored in future research.Grant Funding Source: Telamon Corporation/March of Dimes
What nutrition and physical activity policies and practices are most lacking in early childhood centers within rural communities? (808.20)
Authors: Smith Jaime , Contreras Dawn , Gold Abby , Keim Ann , Oscarson Renee , Peters Paula , Procter Sandy , Remig Valentina , Smathers Carol , Mobley Amy 
Published: June 2021

While some researchers have examined nutrition and physical activity policies within early childhood programs, little is known about the needs of rural communities. Early childhood centers serving preschool children located within low‐income rural communities (n=31) from seven states (IN, KS, MI, ND, OH, SD, WI) were assessed to determine current nutrition and physical activity practices and policies. As part of a large scale childhood obesity prevention project, the Community Healthy Living Index previously validated Early Childhood Program Assessment Tool was used to collect data. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to identify high priority areas. Weaknesses in nutrition related policies or practices included a lack of: a research based healthy eating curriculum, farm to school initiatives, vegetable variety, whole grains, and limited saturated fat intake within meals, healthy celebration guidelines, policies prohibiting food as a punishment/reward, child mealtime involvement, and referrals to nutrition assistance programs. Programs also had limited structured physical activity opportunities. Overall, programs lacked parental outreach, staff training, and funding/resources to support nutrition and physical activity. These results provide insight into where early childhood programs within low‐income, rural communities may need assistance to help prevent childhood obesity.Grant Funding Source: Supported by USDA NIFA Childhood Obesity Prevention Grant #2011‐68001‐30100
Health habits of dietary supplement users (809.2)
Authors: MacKay Douglas , Dickinson Annette 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this review is to accumulate and compare the available data on the health habits of dietary supplement users, to provide a sharper insight into the lifestyle choices of this large segment of the American population. A literature review was conducted to identify nutrition survey data that included information on dietary supplements use. Data related to prevalence of use and other lifestyle habits such as smoking, diet, and exercise was extracted and reported. Dietary supplements are used by over one half of American adults, and the evidence suggests that this usage is one component of a larger effort to develop a healthier lifestyle. Numerous surveys document that users of dietary supplements are significantly more likely than nonusers to have somewhat better dietary patterns, exercise regularly, maintain a healthy weight, and avoid tobacco products. While supplement users tend to have better diets than nonusers, their diets have still have some substantial nutrient shortfalls and their supplement use has been shown to improve the adequacy of nutrient intakes. Our literature review of shows that a wide range of positive health habits, including efforts to consume a better diet, are consistently found to be characteristic of dietary supplement users.Grant Funding Source: Council for Responsible Nutrition
Lactating women consume less than the recommendations for many nutrients (810.1)
Authors: Pratt Nathan , Sherry Christina 
Published: June 2021

There is little research focusing on the dietary patterns of lactating women despite their unique nutrient needs. The objective of this study was to determine how dietary patterns of lactating mothers 1‐3 months postpartum compare to recommendations. Dietary intakes of subjects (N=88) were measured using weekly 3‐day food records throughout a 6 week study. Food record data was entered into The Food Processor® (ESHA Research) and each subject’s nutrient intake was compared to individualized recommendations based on subject characteristics. Dietary analysis demonstrated that subjects consumed 50% or less of fruit, vegetable, and dairy intake as recommended by MyPlate. As a result, mean intakes of 15 vitamins and minerals critical for protecting the health of the mother and/or infant development were below the Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) for this life cycle. For some nutrients, such as iodine and vitamins A, D, and E, less than 20% of subjects consumed recommended intakes. Carotenoids and highly unsaturated fatty acids were consumed at low levels by subjects, as well. Overall, we conclude that diet alone may be insufficient to meet the high nutrient demands of lactation in our study population. These results underline the need for further research on the dietary patterns of lactating mothers as well as special consideration of this population for diet education initiatives and interventions.Grant Funding Source: Supported by Abbott Nutrition
Factors associated with serum n‐3 fatty acids concentration during pregnancy: a longitudinal study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (810.10)
Authors: Pinto Thatiana , Farias Dayana , Rebelo Fernanda , Lepsch Jaqueline , Vaz Juliana , Eshriqui Ilana , Kac Gilberto 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To analyze if social, biochemical and nutritional factors are associated with serum eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids concentration during pregnancy. Methods: Prospective cohort of 187 pregnant women followed at 8‐13th, 22‐26th and 30‐34th weeks’of gestation. The independent variables comprised socio‐economic and demographic status, obstetric history, leptin, insulin resistance, early‐pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), dietary and lifestyle parameters. The outcome was the sum of EPA and DHA assayed at each trimester. Analyses were performed with linear mixed‐effect models, adjusted for total energy intake and gestational age. Results: FA increased from 1st to 2nd trimester (β=3.418) and declined from 2nd to 3rd trimester (β=‐0.061). Interpartal interval <48 months (β=‐7.605, p=0.047), age (β=6.820, p=0.037), early‐pregnancy BMI 蠅25 kg/m² (β=11.274, p<0.001), smoking habit (β=‐9.143, p=0.057), total dietary fat intake (β =‐0.641, p=0.063) and being single (β=‐7.522, p=0.043) were associated to serum EPA and DHA. Conclusion: BMI and age were positively associated with EPA+DHA, while being single, smoker and having an interpartal interval <48 months and higher dietary fat intake were associated with lower levels of these FA.Grant Funding Source: Supported by FAPERJ, CNPq and CAPES
Oatmeal consumption is associated with increased nutrient intake, better diet quality, and lower body mass index in adult participants (19+ y) from the NHANES (2001‐2010) (810.12)
Authors: Fulgoni Victor , Chu YiFang , O’Shea Marianne , Slavin Joanne 
Published: June 2021

The association between oatmeal consumption with nutrient intake, dietary quality, and body weight parameters was examined in adults (n=22,823) using data from NHANES (2001‐2010). Consumers (n=1,419) were defined as having any amount of oatmeal during a 24‐hour diet recall. ANOVA (covariate adjusted) were conducted using appropriate sample weights. Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index‐2005 (HEI). Energy adjusted protein (87±1.3 v 83±0.3 g/d), dietary fiber (20.5±0.3 v 15.8±0.1 g/d), vitamin A (826±24 v 610±7 RAE µg/d), Ca (1041±20 v 927±6 mg/d), P (1488±16 v 1351±5 mg/d), Mg (361±6 v 289±1 mg/d), Fe (17.0±0.2 v 15.5±0.1 mg/d), and K (2958±34 v 2714±12 mg/d) intake were higher (p<0.01) in consumers than non‐consumers. Total fat (75±0.6 v 83±0.3 g/d), SFA (24.3±0.3 v 27.2±0.1 g/d), cholesterol (239±6 v 290±2 mg/d), and vitamin B12 (4.4±0.1 v 5.5±0.1 µg/d) were lower in consumers. Consumers had higher HEI scores (58.9±0.5 v 50.6±0.2) due to more whole grains (2.7±0.06 v 0.6±0.01 cup eq/d) and less SFA, solid fat (39.0±0.6 v 46.1±0.2 g/d), and added sugars (17.2±0.5 v 19.3±0.2 tsp/d). BMI (27.5±0.3 v 28.5±0.1) and waist circumference (94.9±0.5 v 97.5±0.2 cm) were lower in consumers. Consumers were 25% less likely to be overweight or obese and had a 21% reduced risk of increased waist size. Oatmeal consumption was associated with better nutrient intake, diet quality, and weight parameters in adults.Grant Funding Source: PepsiCo
Correlations between quality of mother‐infant interactions and infant iron levels (810.35)
Authors: Stoyell Sally , Hammons Julie , Canfield Richard , Haas Jere 
Published: June 2021

Studies have shown differences in the social‐emotional behavior of infants with iron deficiency (ID) and especially iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Infants with ID are more hesitant and less likely to explore their environments than iron replete infants. ID has also been linked to reduced cognitive function after repletion and into adulthood, yet there is no clinical definition of ID in infants younger than 12 mo. In this study, 4‐7 mo. old infants and their mothers were evaluated with the PROCESS score, which quantifies the quality of the mother‐infant interactions and has been linked to behavior into adolescence. The PROCESS score was also used to develop measures of maternal warmth, caring, and responsiveness, and composure. Infant iron levels were assessed with multiple biomarkers: hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum transferrin receptor. Correlations between infant iron levels and the overall quality of the mother‐infant interactions, as well each separate category, were estimated using mixed and logistic regression models. Confounding factors included: maternal education and age, infant age, birth weight, birth order and diet. Infant iron levels were weakly positively correlated with quality of mother‐infant interactions (r2=0.18 and r2=0.02). These results could be important in predicting later behavioral and resulting cognitive problems.Grant Funding Source: Supported by the USDA/NIFA (Hatch# 2012‐13‐228) and NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (JEH)
Nutrient intakes among the ten most common breakfast food types (810.6)
Authors: Miller Kevin , Vernarelli Jacqueline 
Published: June 2021

Prior research on nutrient intakes by breakfast habits often includes ‘Other breakfasts’ which encompass a wide variety of foods. The objective was to assess nutrient intakes among consumers of the ten most common breakfast food types. The USDA Food and Nutrition Database (4.1, 5.0) used to process NHANES dietary data intake was analyzed for mean nutrient intakes. The identified food types included: ready‐to‐eat cereal (RTEC); Egg‐based; Yeast Breads; Pastries; Cooked Cereal; Fruit‐based; Pancakes/Waffles; Meat‐based; Muffins/quick breads; or Other (coffee drinks, juice, or meal‐replacement shakes). In adults (19+ years), the predominant breakfasts were Other, RTEC, and Egg‐based representing 25.5, 21.8, and 17.6%, respectively. Egg‐based breakfasts were associated with higher total energy intakes than RTEC and Other (2233 versus 2030 and 1964 kcal). RTEC and Cooked Cereal consumers had the highest fiber and lowest cholesterol and fat intakes along with Fruit breakfasts. Compared to Egg‐based and Meat‐based breakfasts, RTEC breakfast was associated with greater intakes of vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, C, D and minerals magnesium and iron. Egg‐based and Meat‐based breakfasts were lower in total sugar intakes than RTEC (105 and 107 vs 122g, respectively), but higher in total calories (2232 and 2293 vs 2030 kCal, respectively), protein, total fat, cholesterol, sat fat, MUFA, PUFA and sodium (P<0.05).Grant Funding Source: Funding by Kellogg Company
Protein intake is associated with HIV disease progression in HIV‐infected patients (810.9)
Authors: Riedel Pamela , Ramamoorthy Venkataraghavan , Baum Marianna , Greer Pedro , Li Yinghui , Dizon Kimberly , Martinez Sabrina , Luisi Sonya , Nagi Gagandeep , Fleetwood Christina , Stewart Tiffanie , Campa Adriana 
Published: June 2021

Background: This longitudinal study examines the effect of protein intake on markers of HIV disease progression.Methods: In a secondary analysis of data from 267 HIV+ patients on ART over a period of 6 months, we estimated protein intake from 24‐hour recalls and obtained CD4 cell counts and viral load from medical records. Multiple Linear Regressions and Mixed Models were used for over time analyses. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: Participants mean age was 49±5 years, 62% were male and 71.3% were African Americans. Mean protein intake was 111±87 g/day (1.8 times the RDA for age and gender), mean CD4 cell count was 516.7±342 cells/μL and viral load 2.5±1.5 log10. Protein intake (g/day) was associated with decreased CD4 cell counts (β=‐0.68, p=0.05) and increased viral loads (β=51.27, p<0.01) over time. This adverse relationship remained significant (β=44.4, p<0.01), after adjusting for age and gender.Conclusion: The results suggest a detrimental relationship of excessive protein consumption with disease progression over time in HIV‐infected patients on ART.Grant Funding Source: NIDA