bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Web-Based System for Exploring Cancer Risk With Long-term Use of Drugs: Logistic Regression Approach
Authors: Yang Hsuan-Chia , Islam Md Mohaimenul , Nguyen Phung Anh Alex , Wang Ching-Huan , Poly Tahmina Nasrin , Huang Chih-Wei , Li Yu-Chuan Jack 
Published: February 2021

Background
Existing epidemiological evidence regarding the association between the long-term use of drugs and cancer risk remains controversial.

Objective
We aimed to have a comprehensive view of the cancer risk of the long-term use of drugs.

Methods
A nationwide population-based, nested, case-control study was conducted within the National Health Insurance Research Database sample cohort of 1999 to 2013 in Taiwan. We identified cases in adults aged 20 years and older who were receiving treatment for at least two months before the index date. We randomly selected control patients from the patients without a cancer diagnosis during the 15 years (1999-2013) of the study period. Case and control patients were matched 1:4 based on age, sex, and visit date. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between drug exposure and cancer risk by adjusting potential confounders such as drugs and comorbidities.

Results
There were 79,245 cancer cases and 316,980 matched controls included in this study. Of the 45,368 associations, there were 2419, 1302, 662, and 366 associations found statistically significant at a level of P<.05, P<.01, P<.001, and P<.0001, respectively. Benzodiazepine derivatives were associated with an increased risk of brain cancer (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.379, 95% CI 1.138-1.670; P=.001). Statins were associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer (AOR 0.470, 95% CI 0.426-0.517; P<.0001) and gastric cancer (AOR 0.781, 95% CI 0.678-0.900; P<.001). Our web-based system, which collected comprehensive data of associations, contained 2 domains: (1) the drug and cancer association page and (2) the overview page.

Conclusions
Our web-based system provides an overview of comprehensive quantified data of drug-cancer associations. With all the quantified data visualized, the system is expected to facilitate further research on cancer risk and prevention, potentially serving as a stepping-stone to consulting and exploring associations between the long-term use of drugs and cancer risk.
Is the adolescent's esthetic concern associated with anterior occlusal conditions or the malocclusion severity level?
Authors: de Melo Kaarlye C. P. Andrade , Vedovello-Filho Mario , Furletti-Góis Vivian F. , de C. Meneghim Marcelo , Vedovello Silvia A. S. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess the esthetic impact of anterior occlusal conditions and malocclusion severity levels.

Materials and Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study of 700 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years was conducted. The Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS) was used to evaluate the subjective esthetic impact of malocclusion. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) criteria were used to diagnose the anterior occlusal characteristics in isolation and the severity levels of malocclusion. The variables with P &lt; .20 in the individual analyses were tested in multiple logistic regression models, and those with P &lt; .10 remained in the model. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
Of the adolescents, 42% showed negative self-perception of malocclusion. In addition, 15.4% of adolescents had severe malocclusion (DAI 3) and 18.9% very severe malocclusion (DAI 4). Crowding and spacing were shown to be 2.90 (CI: 2.06–4.09) and 2.53 (CI: 1.65–3.86) times, respectively, more likely to cause a negative esthetic impact in adolescents (P &lt; .05). In addition, adolescents with orthodontic treatment need (DAI 2, 3, and 4) were more likely to report a negative esthetic impact (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Anterior crowding and spacing are the conditions that most influence the esthetic concern of adolescents. Adolescents with very severe malocclusion and higher orthodontic treatment need are more likely to report a negative esthetic impact.
Predictors of patient compliance during Class II division 1 malocclusion functional orthodontic treatment
Authors: Stefanovic Neda Lj , Uhac Mia , Brumini Martina , Zigante Martina , Perkovic Vjera , Spalj Stjepan 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine factors that could predict Class II/1 malocclusion patient compliance during functional treatment.

Materials and Methods
The sample consisted of 77 subjects (aged 11–13 years; 47% girls) presenting with Class II/1 malocclusion. Inclusion criteria were distal molar relationship, overjet greater than 5 mm, and confirmed pubertal growth spurt. Removable functional appliances (62% Twin Block [TB], 38% Sander Bite Jumping [BJ]) with built-in maxillary expansion screws were used. Follow-up period was 1 year. Patients and parents independently filled out the Child Perception Questionnaire, Parental/Caregiver Perception Questionnaire, and Family Impact Scale to assess emotional and social well-being, oral symptoms, functional limitations, parental emotions, family activities, conflicts, and financial burden as possible predictors of compliance during treatment. Sex, overjet, and appliance type were also analyzed.

Results
There were more noncompliant than compliant patients (55% vs 45%). Parental perception of altered emotional well-being of their children was the strongest predictor, increasing compliance odds 3.4 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–9.4; P = .017). Patients were 3.2 times (95% CI, 1.1–9.3; P = .033) more likely to cooperate with TB compared with BJ appliance. OJ ≥ 8 mm increased compliance odds 3.1 times (95% CI, 1.0–9.4; P = .044).

Conclusions
Parental perception of child's emotional well-being alteration, severity of malocclusion, and type of appliance are major predictors of compliance. Psychosocial issues and oral function limitations reported by children and family impact are of negligible influence.
SEMIOTIC STUDY ON “TUGU SI RAJA BATAK” IN SAMOSIR ISLAND NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: SINAGA TATAP HASRANI , ZAINUDDIN ZAINUDDIN , TAMBUNAN ANNA RIANA SURYANTI 
Published: February 2021

The objectives of this study were to find out signs, the realization of signs in to denotative and connotative meanings, and the reasons for signs realization on Tugu Si Raja Batak in Sarimarrihit Village, Sianjur Mula-Mula sub-district, Samosir Regency. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach. The data of this study were taken from Tugu Si Raja Batak. The data of the study were statues and pictures on Tugu Si Raja Batak. The data analysis was taken by observing, interviewing, and then analyzed the data based on the theory proposed by Roland Barthes. The findings indicated that there were twenty-two signs on Tugu Si Raja Batak in four forms, namely human ornaments, animal ornaments, plant ornaments, and carving. The signs of human ornaments were the Si Raja Batak means descendants with different clans and some servants for different work. The signs of animal ornaments made to show that Si Raja Batak and his descendants used the animals around him as transportations. Then, the plant ornaments they were Lime (Pangir) and Banyan tree (Jajabi) appear because the Batak people are famous for traditional medicine that uses plants such as Lime (Pangir) and betel as medicine for sick people, possessed people, and also for offerings to their ancestors. Furthermore, in the Tugu Si Raja Batak, carvings made because the Si Raja Batak seat requires beautiful decoration and their culture to respect the kings
The dynamics of the psychoemotional state of students during the period of studying at the university depending on the level of their psychological readiness for learning
Authors: Toussova O. V. , Isaeva E. R. , Yusupov V. V. , Mordvinkina S. A. , Efimov D. A. , Vlasov T. D. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. This study contributes to the on-going research of the psychological readiness to learn and personal characteristics of medical students.The objective of the study was to explore the dynamics of psychoemotional characteristics of medical students during the entire learning process, depending on the level of their psychological readiness for learning, which had been determined in the 1st year.Methods and materials. The symptomatic questionnaire SCL-90-R was used to measure the psychoemotional characteristics of the 3rd and the 6th years students. Psychological readiness for learning (PRL) was determined in the 1st year according to the results of the study of the general intellectual potential and neuropsychic stability. Descriptive statistics (mean values, standard deviation) and comparison of mean values by Student’s t test were used as statistical methods. The study involved 507 students who studied at Pavlov University from 2013 to 2019.Results. By the 6th year, students identify an increased risk of developing depression and anxiety, regardless of gender. By the 6th year, students from favorable PRL categories have increased scores of depression and anxiety scales, which indicates high chances of developing depressive symptoms and high anxiety even among responsible and well-adapted students. By the 6th year, sensitivity increases in female students, hostility – in males. Students with a poor PRL category in the 1st year showed a sufficiently high level of general intellectual development, which, probably, allowed these students to complete the training in the University despite their low level of neuropsychic stability.Conclusions. Study results indicate the need to develop programs of socio-psychological support for students, focused on helping in overcoming emotional problems that arise at the final stages of education in the University.
Prognostic factors and effectiveness of the first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of 10-year follow-up
Authors: Kalashnikova О. B. , Ivanova M. O. , Volkov N. P. , Kondakova E. V. , Izmailova E. A. , Barhatov I. M. , Gindina T. L. , Babenko E. V. , Kulagin A. D. , Mikhailova N. B. , Moiseev I. S. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction.The biological heterogeneity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is reflected in the rate of progression, the need for therapy, and the response to treatment. Analysis of prognostic factors contributes to improving the quality of treatment and rational distribution of healthcare resources.Materials and methods.Among 890 patients with documented stage of CLL, 405 (45.5 %) received treatment. As the first-line of treatment, 173 patients received intensive regimens (FCR or BR), 6 – new agents, and 226 – all other regimens. The initial stage of the disease, mutation status of IGHV, del17p with or without complex karyotype were analyzed as prognostic markers.Results.Immunochemotherapeutic regimens were shown to be highly effective in case planned amount of treatment was completed. The combination of such prognostic parameters as the initial stage of the disease, the mutation status of IGHV, and the presence of del17p and/or complex karyotype allows us to clearly identify a group of patients with an unfavorable prognosis, for which it is advisable to use either intensive programs or new agents in the first-line therapy.
Novos olhares para o processamento da leitura e da alfabetização
Authors: Scliar-Cabral Leonor 
Published: February 2021

Meu novo olhar para o processamento da leitura e da alfabetização provém, fundamentalmente, das evidências experimentais da neurociência: a existência de uma área na região occipital-temporal ventral esquerda onde os neurônios se especializam, mediante a boa aprendizagem, a reconhecer quais, quantos e como se combinam os traços invariantes para formar as letras que, nos sistemas alfabéticos, realizam os grafemas, os quais representam os fonemas de uma dada língua. Graças aos conhecimentos da linguística e da psicolinguística, meu novo olhar para a alfabetização revelou estratégias para a criança descobrir a diferença entre vocábulos tônicos e átonos (clíticos) na leitura, bem como para aprender, no contexto do processamento da leitura do português brasileiro (PB) a automatizar: (a) o reconhecimento dos traços e letras invariantes que foram convencionados no alfabeto latino; (b) o reconhecimento dos grafemas e seus respectivos valores (os fonemas); (c) a atribuição do acento de intensidade maior, nos vocábulos que o possuem; (d) a delimitação dos vocábulos átonos que, no PB escrito, se terminarem por vogais orais átonas, só podem ser registradas pelas letras ‘a’, ‘e’, ‘o’, seguidas ou não por ‘s’; (e) por fim, o reconhecimento dos padrões de entoação. Tudo isto possibilitará, sobretudo, a construção do sentido novo das palavras, frases, orações, períodos, parágrafos e texto (macroestrutura), formando leitores críticos e com gosto pela leitura.
Peripheral nerve sheath malignancy with multiple metastasis: a rare clinical case
Authors: Todorov S. S. , Deribas V. Yu. , Kazmin A. S. , Todorov (Jr.) S. S. 
Published: February 2021

Background. Tumours of peripheral nervous system are represented by benign and malignant neoplasms with different clinical and biological traits. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours of paraspinal localisation with the involvement of nerve structures are extremely rare and may occur isolated or comorbid with congenital neurofibromatosis. Current literature contains a few bioptic and selected autopsy clinical reports. Herewith, we present an own sectional observation of a rare malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour with multiple metastasis supplemented with morphological and immunohistochemical descriptions.Clinical Case Description. An autopsy was performed on a 30-yo man’s cadaver. A tumour infiltrate was observed along Th5—Th9 of the spinal column intimately associated with thoracic vertebral bodies. Metastases were detected in the right lung, myocardium, peripancreatic and perirenal adipose tissue. Histological tumour examination revealed heterogeneous solid and rosette-like structures. Tumour immunophenotype: vimentin+, pancytokeratin-, CD45-, S-100+, NSE+, GFAP-, proliferative activity index (Ki-67 = 75-80%). This profile is descriptive of peripheral nerve sheath malignancy of high grade with multiple organic metastases.Conclusion. The sectional observation presented illustrates the difficulty to in vivo diagnose rare peripheral nerve sheath malignancies due to their infiltrative growth into spinal bone marrow and metastasis to organs (lungs, myocardium, peripancreatic and perirenal adipose tissue).
THEORETICAL AND LEGAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE MECHANISM OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE RIGHT OF THE PERSON TO HEALTHCARE
Authors:   Lviv University of Business and Law, Shvets Yuriy 
Published: February 2021

The elements of the mechanism of administrative and legal protection of the right of an individual to protect health have been viewed. It’s broken down, and the administrative-legal mechanism for the seizure of the right to protect health is a system of interconnected elements that are involved in the process of the right to be protected. Warehouse workers: object (competence), subjects (organ of state power, institute of community administration, public community), submissions (legal and factual), principles (headquarters and special institutions), forms (courts I'll take it. It has been reported that the administrative-legal mechanism of securing the right of an individual to protect health is characterized by the following: 	in the first place, it is a system of interconnecting and mutually modifying elements, leather from what kind of visuals has a role in the whole mechanism; 	in a different way, in the capacity of a free transformer of normative attributions in a practical capacity, as a person may be competent without any kind of re-code, it will be quicker at any hour, because of the decisions of the submission of the law. ). Given the global crisis following the WHO declaration of a pandemic due to the spread of coronavirus infection COVID-19, the priority of the mechanism of administrative and legal support of the individual's right to health care is to establish the primacy of human rights as an integral part of all prevention, control, deterrence and treatment COVID-19 and other diseases.
VUW students translate Mary Maringikura Campbell
Authors: Sarti Evans Antonella 
Published: February 2021

The poem by Mary Maringikura Campbell, ‘Consider this’ was first published in the collection ‘Maringi’ (Kotaha Press, Porirua, 2016) and it has been included in her new book ‘Yellow Moon – E Marama Rengarenga’ (HeadworX, Wellington, June 2020). Many thanks to the author for granting kind permission to reproduce and translate this poem into Italian and to NEKE for publishing the best translation works of my students of Italian 201-2020, School of Languages and Cultures, Victoria University of Wellington/Te Herenga Waka. My translation of the poem will appear soon also in the selection ‘Matariki, sciame di stelle: poetesse maori contemporanee’ (Collana ‘Affluenti’, Edizioni Ensemble, Rome) along with the translation of other poems by Aotearoa’s indigenous female authors.
Antonella Sarti Evans
A Descriptive Analysis of Compensation Offerings and its Impact on Turnover Intentions of Educational Managers of Punjab
Authors: Majid Ali  , Muhammad Ramzan  , Rizwan Qaiser Danish  
Published: February 2021

This research is aimed at investigating compensation offerings at various levels and its impact on the turnover intentions of employees in educational sector of Punjab. It specifically addressed the issue how different compensation offerings (for example pay, bonus, medical facility, housing etc) effects on intention to quit from the organisation. The research has focused on gauging the impact of the compensation package on the educational managers’ intention to quit, i. e. turnover, and to know to what extent degree of impact of each constituent of the compensation package has on their intention to leave the organization. This study has provided implications for policy makers in different organisations related to education particularly in Pakistani context.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS SEKOLAH
Authors: Amri Sukron , Murniati Ngurah Ayu Nyoman , Miyono Noor 
Published: February 2021

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah adanya faktor bahwa efektivitas sekolah di SD Negeri Daerah Binaan 1 Kecamatan Bojong Kabupaten Tegal masih membutuhkan peningkatan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi di duga karena pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dan budaya sekolah yang beragam.Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah terhadap efektivitas sekolah, (2) mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh budaya sekolah terhadap efektivitas sekolah,(3) mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dan budaya sekolah secara bersama-sama terhadap efektivitas sekolah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru SD Negeri daerah Binaan I Kecamatan Bojong Kabupaten Tegal berjumlah 125 orang dan sampel dengan menggunakan proporsional random sampling tingkat kepercayaan 5% sebanyak 91 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji persyaratan data dan uji regresi.Uji hipotesis menunjukan: (1) korelasi antara variabel keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dengan variabel efektivitas sekolah sebesar 0,815 termasuk kategori cukup kuat. (2) korelasi antara variabel budaya sekolah terhadap variabel efektivitas sekolah sebesar 0,713 termasuk kategori kuat. (3) pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah guru dan budaya sekolah secara bersama-sama terhadap efektivitas sekolah sebesar 88,9% dengan koefisien regresi positif, artinya jika keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dan budaya sekolah semakin baik, maka efektivitas sekolah semakin baik pula.Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, peneliti merekomendasikan sebaiknya Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Tegal perlu merancang suatu kebijakan yang dapat mengimplementasikan keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah, sehingga efektivitas sekolah akan meningkat. Bagi kepala sekolah perlu ada peningkatan keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dalam upaya peningkatan efektivitas sekolah serta meningkatkan keteladanan dalam menciptakan budaya sekolah yang baik. Untuk guru hendaknya menjadi teladan dalam menciptakan budaya sekolah untuk mewujudkan efektivitas sekolah serta meningkatkan budaya sekolah yang baik untuk menjaga keutuhan hubungan antar warga sekolah.
PENGARUH PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI DI KECAMATAN AMPELGADING PEMALANG
Authors: Komariyah Komariyah , Haryati Titik , Miyono Noor 
Published: February 2021

Dalam konteks keberhasilan pendidikan, motivasi kerja yang tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan. Motivasi kerja yang tinggi dipengaruhi oleh peran kepala sekolah. Kepala sekolah sebagai pimpinan harus mampu memberikan petunjuk dan pengawasan, meningkatkan kemauan tenaga kependidikan, membuka komunikasi dua arah, dan mampu menciptakan suasana kerja yang kondusif. Faktor lain yang dapat meningkatkan motivasi kerja ynag tinggi adalah kepuasan kerja Seorang guru yang merasa puas maka akan mempunyai motivasi yang tinggi dalam bekerja.Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah ada pengaruh peran kepala sekolah dan kepuasan kerja secara parsial dan simultan terhadap motivasi kerja?. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh peran kepala sekolah dan kepuasan kerja terhadap secara parsial dan simultan terhadap motivasi kerja.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SD Negeri di Kecamatan Ampelgading Kabupaten Pemalang yang berjumlah 347. Setelah dihitung dengan rumus Slovin diperoleh sampel sebanyak 172 orang dengan menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian expost facto. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner/ angket. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, uji persyaratan dan uji hipotesis yang meliputi analisis regresi linier sederhana dan analisis regresi ganda.Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Peran kepala sekolah secara parsial terhadap Motivasi kerja, 2) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Kepuasan kerja secara parsial terhadap Motivasi kerja, 3) terdapat Peran kepala sekolah dan Kepuasan kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap Motivasi kerja .Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka direkomendasikan, (1) dinas pendidikan memberikan penghargaan kepada guru untuk meningkatkan motivasi kerja guru dan peran kepala sekolah, (2) kepala sekolah menjalankan peranannya sesuai tugas pokok dan fungsinya dalam upaya meningkatkan motivasi kerja, (3) guru hendaknya meningkatkan motivasi kerjanya sebagai modal bagi keberhasilan pendidikan
DESIGN OF TRAFFIC ENGINEERED MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING-TRANSPORT PROFILE (MPLS-TP) FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF QUALITY OF SERVICE
Authors: Biradar Prabhavati , T L Purushottama 
Published: February 2021

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a switching technology. MPLS-TP is a progressive version of MPLS in the field of packet switched data network. MPLS-TP is a high-end technology which implements network methodologies in a transport layer. For managing virtual private network(VPN) services, MPLS is of developing enthusiasm to the service providers (SPs) and furthermore to VPN customers. MPLS-enabled routers allot a few labels to the packets, and in view of these allocated labels it produces sending decisions. The prime expectation after the MPLS technology is to eliminate the need of OSI model data link layered
(layer-2) technology i.e. frame relay, Ethernet, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). This paper gives data about the components of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), correlation of MPLS with traditional Routing and Packet Switching, MPLS label format and MPLS operation.