bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Talking Birds and Talking to Birds: Transcending the Child in Barnaby Rudge
Authors: Benziman Galia 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Dickens was one of the first writers to present a central character with an intellectual disability—the eponymous hero of Barnaby Rudge, who bears several symptoms of autism, a syndrome not yet diagnosed in the nineteenth century. This article examines the influence of the Romantic cult of the child on Dickens's articulation of disability as associated with early stages of development. The placing of the linguistically-disabled person on the human continuum is related to the concept of logocentrism, or supremacy of language, as the defining presumption that separates human from animal. This humanist premise was maintained, in the words of Jacques Derrida, “from Aristotle to Heidegger, from Descartes to Kant, Levinas and Lacan” (2008). Exploring the representation of animal-child communication, this article regards the depiction of the talking raven in Barnaby Rudge as a revision of the Wordsworthian idyllic representation of the child and animal in nature. It argues that alongside the historical theme of the novel, and the Rioters' “beastly” violence, there are also the alternative linguistic codes of animal speech and intellectual disability that combine to raise the question of language as a defining property of the human, and its possibly changing qualities in nineteenth-century England.
“The Scandal Detectives”
Authors: Churchwell Sarah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Scholars have long known that when F. Scott Fitzgerald describes Myrtle Wilson in The Great Gatsby as a consumer of a gossip magazine called “Town Tattle,” he was making a thinly veiled reference to a real magazine called Town Topics. Perhaps the most infamous scandal sheet in the history of American periodicals, this forerunner of contemporary tabloids ran for nearly fifty years (1879–1937). Especially under the 1891–1920 editorship of its colorful owner, Colonel William d’Alton Mann, Town Topics blackmailed members of the Four Hundred, the wealthiest of American families, to keep embarrassing insinuations about sexual identity, adultery, parentage, and abortion (among other “unmentionable” aspects of social life) off of its pages. In 1905, the magazine’s modus operandi became a national sensation when Emily Post’s husband, Edwin, refused an extortion demand, resulting in a headline-grabbing court case. Mann also founded The Smart Set, the magazine that eventually, after the Colonel sold it off, published Fitzgerald’s earliest stories. Fitzgerald himself made fourteen appearances in Town Topics between 1916 and 1923, the most significant of which involve the celebrity that he and his wife, Zelda Sayre, acquired amid the success of This Side of Paradise in 1920. These references, along with the history of Town Topics, expand our understanding of the significance of “Town Tattle” in Gatsby, revealing that Mann’s notorious publication was not just a “New York gossip magazine,” as critics have suggested, but one with national reach, whose propensity for travestying its subjects provided an agency essential to self-making in the social economy of a rapidly transforming United States and renders its appearance in The Great Gatsby far more meaningful than scholars have yet appreciated.
“Becoming an Instrument for the Symbols of Beauty”
Authors: Cates Meryl 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
When Zelda Fitzgerald resumed her ballet training in her mid-twenties, it was with an urgent resolve to become a respected professional dancer. At its best, Zelda’s intensity toward her lessons and the art form is acknowledged as a fierce determination to express herself; at its worst, it is regarded as obsession and a fast track toward mental deterioration. Her devotion to ballet is often examined from the angle of her homelife and her familial obligations, and a significant misconception is that she became destructively isolated during this period. The culture of the dance studio, the structured environment of her daily ballet classes, and the relationships she developed—including her devotion to her teacher Lubov Egorova—grant an alternative perspective and understanding of her deeply passionate pursuit. It is alongside the star dancers of the 1920s that Zelda trained, and she was swept into the new wave of ballet with daring and spectacular works by Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes alongside the reinvigoration of the Paris Opera Ballet. These experiences, and the sensation of her body in poetic movement, remained with Zelda well after she physically put ballet behind her and focused on her many other passions.
“A Good Man for Structure”
Authors: Read Dennis 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the Pat Hobby stories, F. Scott Fitzgerald crafts a comic rendition of what the public came to take him for: a washed-up drunk. Scholars have not recognized the autobiographical dimensions in both the character and the stories, or, more significantly, Fitzgerald’s own feelings of guilt and self-recrimination in framing a richly comic, if bitter, portrayal of the movie industry. This article details how Fitzgerald drew from his own experiences and other writings to cover the same emotional terrain as his 1936 “Crack-Up” series of confessional essays, first published in Esquire, replacing their self-pity and bombastic language with the redemption of humor.
Gatsby’s Third Car
Authors: Clarke Deborah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article argues that Gatsby’s “circus wagon” car is not a Rolls-Royce but a custom-built car. Acknowledging the existence of a custom car aligns Gatsby with celebrity culture and modernist instability, and it highlights the role of the automobile in shaping identity. The ostentatious vehicle reflects a desperate attempt to claim uniqueness and authenticity in a world increasingly defined by Hollywood imagery and Fordist assembly line ideology. By placing Gatsby, through his car, within celebrity culture and linking him to such figures as actor Fatty Arbuckle, the article explores the ways that this ostentatious car reflects his precarious role in the world he seeks to emulate. Drawing on previous scholarship on the novel, on modernist and celebrity theory, and on automobile history, we are reminded that cars are not just symbols or machines; they, like Gatsby, are complex and intricate measures of the self; understanding the vehicle itself—its make, potential cost, and place in modern life—brings greater awareness of the complexity of Fitzgerald’s presentation of automobile culture and its interaction with identity.
The Visual Working Memory Demands of Processing Conventional Metaphoric Language
Authors: Whiteford-Damerall Alison 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
According to the conceptual metaphor theory (CMT; Lakoff & Johnson, 1980), conceptual metaphors, such as “Life is a journey,” are used to map the characteristics of abstract domains (e.g., life) onto more accessible concrete domains (e.g., a journey). Uses such as “dead-end job” and “they’re on the right track” are manifestations of this conceptual metaphor. When and how these mappings might be created remains unclear. Bowdle and Gentner’s (2005) career of metaphor hypothesis suggests that metaphors in “X is a Y” form (e.g., “a lawyer is a shark”) undergo a change in the mode of processing as those metaphors transition from novel conceptual pairings to familiar ones. The current study asks whether the associations between conceptually related concepts are accessed while the metaphoric language is processed in working memory (WM) and, if so, whether the role of WM is moderated by familiarity. If processing linguistic applications of conceptual metaphors involves active access of the concrete source domain, processing metaphoric language, like the concrete language it is being mapped onto, should involve activation of concrete representations and recruit more visual WM resources than literal abstract language. Experiment 1 found no difference in the visual WM demands of processing literal language and conventional expressions of conceptual metaphors. Experiment 2 found that novel expressions of conceptual metaphors placed greater demands on visual WM than familiar expressions. Together, these data provide some support for CMT but suggest that familiarity of the linguistic form of the metaphor plays a role in determining processing modality.
Individual Response–Effect Congruencies Modulate Subsequent Stimulus–Response Compatibility Effects
Authors: Miles James D. , Vu Kim-Phuong L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Expectations of the outcomes of our actions can directly influence response behavior. In 2 experiments, we demonstrate that the congruency between a response and its unanticipated effect (R-E congruency) can also influence task performance by moderating the magnitude of stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility effects on a subsequent trial. This is the case when response effects are physical locations that precede a location-based S-R compatibility task and when response effects are spatial words preceding a spatial word-based S-R compatibility task (Experiment 1). However, prior R-E congruency does not influence the subsequent S-R compatibility effect when the stimulus type has changed from location to word or vice versa (Experiment 2). In both experiments, the correspondence between the spatial information of the S-R task stimulus and prior effect also influences the S-R compatibility effect. We discuss how conflict control and event coding may lead to the observed results and why their influence is specific to spatial mode.
Efficacy of Guided Versus Self-Induced Learning of Web-Based Self-Compassionate Journaling by College Students
Authors: Williamson Jessica , Blackhart Ginette C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We conducted 3 studies examining the efficacy of web-based self-compassionate journaling (SCJ). The goal was to compare the effects of guided and self-administered journaling on self-reported follow-up self-compassion scores and participant perceptions of the induction. In Study 1 participants were randomly assigned to an online SCJ exercise, online narrative journaling control group, or attention control (AC) group, with groups completing tasks for 4 weeks. In Study 2 participants self-selected into either online or in-lab conditions to complete a single-time SCJ exercise. Study 3 was a replication of Study 2, with participants being randomly assigned to conditions. There were no differences in self-compassion between groups in Study 1. However, there was a small but significant overall increase in self-compassion among participants from baseline to follow-up. There were self-compassion differences between online and in-lab groups in Study 2 (with a small effect size). However, these differences were not maintained when the covariate of baseline trait self-compassion was removed from analyses. Study 3 failed to replicate significant findings from Study 2 in all but one variable: whether participants completing the induction alone found the task more difficult to complete. In general, SCJ may not be an adequate way to increase self-compassion regardless of whether it is learned online or in a laboratory setting. Furthermore, those who learn SCJ alone online report difficulty in completing the induction.
The Characteristics and Benefits of Disclosing Personal Experiences in Prison: A Study of the Writing Paradigm
Authors: Curci Antonietta , de Leonardis Lidia , Lanciano Tiziana , Basile Pierpaolo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics and benefits of writing about personal experiences in prison. A variation of the classic writing paradigm was proposed to a sample of 93 male inmates in southern Italian prisons. Participants were left to write on any personal experience related to their condition and time in prison in 4 daily sessions. Measures of subjective well-being were collected across the sessions. Transcripts were analyzed through sentiment analysis. Cognitive and executive functioning indices (i.e., general cognitive abilities, working memory capacity, inhibition, and shifting) are included as covariates in our analyses on the evolution of well-being measures. Results showed that participants’ well-being improved across the sessions, independent of the emotional valence of the disclosed experience. This effect was partly modulated by the participant’s measure of working memory capacity. After an initial simplification, narrative productions appeared to increase their length and complexity. Our results support the idea that emotional disclosure in our sample of inmates contributes to social integration. Results encourage the adoption of writing procedures, as they are inexpensive and effective in supporting prisoners’ adjustment to prison life. Supplemental materials are available at https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/a_study_on_the_writing_paradigm/index.htm
Exoneration in Sweden
Authors: Martinsson Dennis 
Published: March 2021

Exoneration in Sweden: Is It Not about Time to Reform the Swedish Model?
This article reviews exoneration in Sweden, with a focus on the procedure of applying for exoneration. First, it highlights some core features of Swedish criminal procedural law, necessary to understand exoneration in the Swedish context. Secondly, it outlines the possibilities in Swedish law to apply for exoneration, both in favour of a convicted person and to the disadvantage of a previously acquitted defendant. Thirdly, it identifies some challenges with the current Swedish model of administering applications for exoneration. Fourthly, it argues that the current system should be reformed by introducing into Swedish law a review committee that administers applications for exoneration.
Development of A Low-cost Simultaneous Low Volume Air Sampler Controlled with Sonic Venturi
Authors: Alimov Zikrilla Bobamuratovich , Kusakari Hikaru , Okuda Tomoaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study presents the results of designing a low-cost air sampler for multi-component analysis of PM2.5. We developed a multi-channel air sampling device using sonic venturi (critical nozzle) that supplies a constant airflow rate of 16.7 L/min. The constant flow rate is achieved with a backpressure ratio of 0.8 or less with a nozzle diameter of 1.375 mm. The sampler halves the cost of comparable devices and simplifies the hardware by replacing the flow meters with critical nozzles. For quantitative evaluation, we measured the coefficient of variation (CV) of each component simultaneously collected five samples at various particulate matter concentrations. This sampler can use different types of filters such as polytetrafluoroethylene and quartz fiber filter at the same time. Meteorological conditions such as ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure did not seem to affect much the flow rate of the sampler. The CV of multi sample analysis for TSP and PM2.5 concentrations in all sampling periods were less than 10%. CV of multi sample analysis for most of the major inorganic elements being within the range of 15% or less shows that the precision is sufficient for reliable measurement. We believe that the low-cost multiple air sampler will be used world-widely, and it can contribute to many researchers in both developed and developing countries.
Identification of fibroblast activation-related genes in two acute kidney injury models
Authors: Deng Weiming , Wei Xiangling , Dong Zhanwen , Zhang Jinhua , Huang Zhengyu , Na Ning 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundIschemia-reperfusion injury and drug-induced nephrotoxicity are the two most common reasons for acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little attention has been paid to early activation of fibroblasts in the progression of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to identify related genes and pathways on fibroblast activation in two mouse models of AKI: ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model and folic acid (FA)-induced injury model.MethodsThe microarray expression profiles ofGSE62732andGSE121190were downloaded from the GEO database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was analyzed using the Limma package of R software. Principal component analysis (PCA) was also performed using R. The functional information of gene products was annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) and DAVID online database, and the pathway analysis was carried out by using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) database. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) network was constructed by STRING and Cytoscape. Furthermore, in the Hypoxia/Reoxygenation (H/R) model, the morphological changes of cells were observed under microscope and the expression of the hub genes in NRK-49F cells were validated by qRT-PCR assays.ResultsA total of 457 DEGs were identified. Among these, 215 DEGs were upregulated and 242 DEGs were downregulated in the acute injured samples compared with uninjured samples. The GO enrichment analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly involved in transport, the oxidation-reduction process, the metabolic process, metal ion binding, hydrolase activity, and oxidoreductase activity. The KEGG analysis revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, protein digestion and absorption pathway, and focal adhesion pathway. The hub genes including Hnf4α, Pck1 and Timp1 were validated by the qRT-PCR assay in NRK-49F cells in the H/R model.ConclusionsHnf4α, Pck1 and Timp-1 may play a pivotal role in the early activation of fibroblasts, providing novel therapeutic strategies for early prediction and treatment of renal fibrosis.
Specific and sensitive, ready-to-use universal fungi detection by visual color using ITS1 loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined hydroxynaphthol blue
Authors: Choopara Ilada , Teethaisong Yothin , Arunrut Narong , Thunyaharn Sudaluck , Kiatpathomchai Wansika , Somboonna Naraporn 
Published: March 2021

Being ubiquitous, fungi are common opportunistic pathogens to humans that can lead to invasive and life-threatening infections in immunocompromised individuals. Eukaryote-resembling cell membrane and filamentous branches make the fungal diagnosis difficult. This study therefore developed a ready-to-use ITS1 loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with hydroxynaphthol blue (LAMP-HNB) for rapid, sensitive and specific colorimetric detection of universal fungi in all phyla. The ITS1 LAMP-HNB could identify every evolutionary phylum of fungi according to sequence analyses. We tested a total of 30 clinically relevant fungal isolates (representing three major human pathogenic phyla of fungi, namely Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) and 21 non-fungal isolates, and the ITS1 LAMP-HNB properly identified all isolates, with a detection limit of as low as 4.6 ag (9.6 copies), which was identical to ITS1 and 18S rDNA PCR. The assays were also validated on the feasibility of point-of-care diagnostic with real food (dry peanuts, chili and garlics) and blood samples. Furthermore, the shelf life of our ready-to-use ITS1 LAMP activity (≥50%) was more than 40 days at 30 °C with 3–5% polyvinyl alcohol or glycerol additive. The results supported the ready-to-use ITS1 LAMP-HNB for simple detection of fungi contamination with high sensitivity in local and resource-constrained areas to prevent opportunistic fungal species infections.
Determining Relative Percentage Change as a New Metrics in Scaling and Root Planning Therapy Outcome in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Aziz Abdul Samad , Kale Rahul , Kalekar Madhav Govind , Suryakar Adinath Narayan 
Published: March 2021

Aims: To quantify the relative percentage change in the patients with periodontitis after employing the scaling and root planning (SRP) therapy and determine the association in the improvements in clinical parameters of biochemical oxidative stress (OS) markers, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA).
Study Design: In this cross sectional study, two groups of patients were clinically evaluated and their biochemical parameters were quantified and statistically compared.
Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Biochemistry and Periodontology, M. A. Rangoonwala Dental College, Pune and Department of Biochemistry, Grant Govt. Medical College, Mumbai. The study was carried out between May 2010 and July 2012.
Methodology: Individuals with generalized chronic periodontitis (n = 86; CAL ≥ 3mm American Academy of Periodontology 1999 criteria) were clinically (Gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level) and biochemically (TAOC, MDA) evaluated. The SRP therapy was performed and a follow-up was done after 3 months. The mean values of clinical and biochemical study parameters and their relative percentage change were evaluated thoroughly.
Results: Individuals with chronic periodontitis showed improved clinical and biochemical oxidative stress (OS) markers. After the SRP therapy, significant improvement (p ˂ 0.05) was found in both clinical and biochemical parameters from their corresponding pre-treatment values.
The relative percentage change in clinical parameters ranged between 14.5% to 38.7%, and those of TAOC and MDA were -10.3% and 34.71% respectively. Further, the relative % change in TAOC and MDA showed significant correlation (p ˂ 0.05) to those of PI, PD, and CAL.
Conclusion: On conducting the SRP therapy, improvement in clinical parameters and biochemical OS parameters is noticed in the individuals with periodontitis. The relative percentage change can be used as a tool for therapy outcome assessment.
Phenotypic and Morphometrical Characteristics of Sahiwal Cattle
Authors: Kaushik Purabi , Saikia Jnyanashree , Saharia Jitendra , Mili Dulal Chandra 
Published: March 2021

The present study was conducted at Institutional livestock farm complex, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara. A total of 37 adult Sahiwal pure breed cattle were selected to study their phenotypic and Morphometric characteristics. Phenotypic characteristics were visually recorded and morphometric measurements were taken with a measuring tape. Coat and face colour of most of the animals are deep brown in colour but also few light brown colour animals were noticed. The muzzle, eye lashes, hooves and tails colour of Sahiwal cattle are mostly black. Deep and light brown colour Hump was found. A well-developed udder, a large pendular dewlap and long naval flap were found. The average Heart Girth, Body length, Ear length, Ear width, Neck length, Hoove length, Hoove circumference, Tail length were found to be 103.33±2.79, 62.33±0.48, 10.08±0.39, 6.58±0.28, 25.83±0.50, 4.33±0.18, 11.33±0.28, 39.83±0.27, 24.33±0.28, 113.41±2.27 cm respectively.