bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical management of intracranial arachnoid cysts in pediatric patients: radiological and clinical outcome
Authors: Schulz Matthias , Oezkan Yasin , Schaumann Andreas , Sieg Miriam , Tietze Anna , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
Congenital intracranial cysts account for a significant portion of intracranial lesions in the pediatric population. The efficiency of surgical treatment in a pediatric cohort with intracranial arachnoid cysts (ACs) at different locations regarding clinical symptoms and mass effect was evaluated.

METHODS
A retrospective study of all children who underwent surgical treatment of an intracranial AC during an 11-year period (2007–2018) was performed. Demographics, clinical symptoms, and radiological cyst size pre- and postoperatively, as well as the reoperation rate and possible treatment complications, were analyzed.

RESULTS
A total of 116 intracranial cysts at 8 different anatomical locations were surgically treated in 113 children (median age 5 years and 10 months) predominantly by endoscopic technique (84%). The complication rate was 3%, and the reoperation rate was 16%. Preoperative cyst enlargement was significantly more common in infants (p < 0.0001), as was the need for reoperation (p = 0.023). After a median radiological follow-up of 26 months, > 50% reduction of cyst volume was seen in 53 cysts (46%), and 47 cysts (40%) showed a 10%–50% reduction. Acute clinical symptoms improved: nausea and vomiting, accelerated head growth, and headaches improved at 100%, 92% and 89%, respectively. However, chronic symptoms responded less favorably after a median clinical follow-up of 26 months.

CONCLUSIONS
The strategy of predominantly endoscopic treatment with navigation planning is efficient to alleviate clinical symptoms and to significantly reduce the mass effect of pediatric intracranial cysts at different anatomical locations. The subgroup of infants requires close pre- and postoperative monitoring.
Gap between flexion and extension ranges of motion: a novel indicator to predict the loss of cervical lordosis after laminoplasty in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Fujishiro Takashi , Hayama Sachio , Obo Takuya , Nakaya Yoshiharu , Nakano Atsushi , Usami Yoshitada , Nozawa Satoshi , Baba Ichiro , Neo Masashi 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
Kyphotic deformity resulting from the loss of cervical lordosis (CL) is a rare but serious complication after cervical laminoplasty (CLP), and it is essential to recognize the risk factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that a greater flexion range of motion (fROM) and smaller extension ROM (eROM) in the cervical spine are associated with the loss of CL after CLP. Considering these facts together, one can hypothesize that an indicator representing the gap between fROM and eROM (gROM) is highly useful in predicting postoperative CL loss. In the present study, the authors aimed to investigate the risk factors of marked CL loss after CLP for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), including the gROM as a potential predictor.

METHODS
Patients who had undergone CLP for CSM were divided into those with and those without a loss of more than 10° in the sagittal Cobb angle between C2 and C7 at the final follow-up period compared to preoperative measurements (CL loss [CLL] group and no CLL [NCLL] group, respectively). Demographic characteristics, surgical information, preoperative radiographic measurements, and posterior paraspinal muscle morphology evaluated with MRI were compared between the two groups. fROM and eROM were examined on neutral and flexion-extension views of lateral radiography, and gROM was calculated using the following formula: gROM (°) = fROM − eROM. The performance of variables in discriminating between the CLL and NCLL groups was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

RESULTS
This study included 111 patients (mean age at surgery 68.3 years, 61.3% male), with 10 and 101 patients in the CLL and NCLL groups, respectively. Univariate analyses showed that fROM and gROM were significantly greater in the CLL group than in the NCLL group (40.2° vs 26.6°, p < 0.001; 31.6° vs 14.3°, p < 0.001, respectively). ROC curve analyses revealed that both fROM and gROM had excellent discriminating capacities; gROM was likely to have a higher area under the ROC curve than fROM (0.906 vs 0.860, p = 0.094), with an optimal cutoff value of 27°.

CONCLUSIONS
The gROM is a highly useful indicator for predicting a marked loss of CL after CLP. For CSM patients with a preoperative gROM exceeding 30°, CLP should be carefully considered, since kyphotic changes can develop postoperatively.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR DAN KURIKULUM MUATAN LOKAL BAHASA KUTAI BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KEC. TENGGARONG
Authors: Zainuddin Muhammad , Wijayanti Silvana Kardinar 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKBanyak bahasa di Dunia sudah mengalami kepunahan, kepunahan dalam bahasa khususnya bahasa ibu menjadi aspek fokus dalam pengajaran bahasa sebagai muatan lokal di sekolah. Upaya pemertahanan ini diwujudkan dalam pengembangan kurikulum dan buku ajar. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kurikulum dan buku ajar muatan lokal Bahasa Kutai di Sekolah dasar di Kec. Tenggarong Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian, penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode angket, observasi, interview.adapun langkah penelitian sebagai berikut penelitian dan pengumpulan data kuisioner pada sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tenggarong, perencanaan pembuatan buku, pengembangan draf produk buku ajar, uji coba lapangan awal pada sekolah dasar, revisi hasil, uji coba lapangan, penyempurnaan produk hasil, uji pelaksanaan lapangan, penyempurnaan produk akhir, diseminasi dan impelementasi, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Buku ajar sudah layak digunakan dengan prosentasi validasi 80% dan 79%, tampilan fisik buku 78%( baik), Materi 79% (baik) dan Penggunaan Bahasa 79% (baik), secara keseluruhan rata-rata keterbacaan peserta didik adalah 78.67% (baik).Kata Kunci: Pengembangan kurikulum, buku ajar, Bahasa Kutai ABSTRACTThere are many languages in the world have experienced extinction, extinction in languages, especially mother tongue, has become a focus aspect in language teaching as a local content in schools. This defense effort is manifested in the development of curricula and textbooks. Therefore, this study aims to develop curricula and textbooks for local content in the Kutai language in elementary schools in the district. Tenggarong This research is included in the type of research, research and development (research and development). Data collection was carried out using the questionnaire method, observation, interview. The research steps were as follows: research and data collection of questionnaires in elementary schools in Tenggarong District, planning for making books, developing draft textbook products, initial field trials in elementary schools, revising results, field trials, product improvement results, field implementation tests, final product improvement, dissemination and implementation, research results show that textbooks are suitable for use with validation percentages of 80% and 79%, physical appearance of books is 78% (good), material 79% (good) and Language Usage 79% (good), the overall average readability of students was 78.67% (good).Keywords : Curriculum development, teaching textbook, Kutai language
The Implementation of Drug Checking Services for People Who Use Drugs: A Systematic Review
Authors: Maghsoudi Nazlee , Tanguay Justine , Scarfone Kristy , Rammohan Indhu , Ziegler Carolyn , Werb Dan , Scheim Ayden 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Drug checking services (DCS) provide people who use drugs (PWUD) with chemical analysis results of their drug samples, while simultaneously monitoring the unregulated drug market. We sought to identify and synthesize literature on the following domains: (a) influence of DCS on behaviour of PWUD; (b) monitoring of drug markets by DCS; and (c) outcomes related to models of DCS.

METHODS: This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018105366). A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Dissertations & Theses Global. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed articles and conference abstracts, or grey literature, published in any language since 1990 and including original data on the domains. We assessed risk of bias for quantitative peer-reviewed articles reporting on behaviour or models of DCS using National Institutes of Health tools.

RESULTS: We screened 2,463 titles and abstracts and 156 full-texts, with 90 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Most (n=65, 72.2%) were from Europe and used cross-sectional designs (n=79, 87.7%). Monitoring of drug markets by DCS (n=63, 70%) was most commonly reported, followed by influence of DCS on behaviour (n=31, 34.4%) and outcomes related to models of DCS (n=17, 18.9%). The most common outcome measures were detection of unexpected substances (n=50, 55.6%), expected substances (n=44, 48.9%), new psychoactive substances_ _(n=40, 44.4%), and drugs of concern (n=32, 36.5%) by DCS.

CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring of drug markets by DCS is well established in Europe and increasingly in North America. There is an emerging evidence base demonstrating the capacity of DCS to influence behavioural intention, and a smaller subset of findings on its impact on the enacted behaviour of PWUD. Further research is needed on enacted behaviours and corresponding health outcomes including overdose, particularly among people who inject drugs or use opioids.
MENINGKATKAN INTERAKSI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM UNTUK KELAS DARING BIOLOGI DI SMA
Authors: HARIYADI SUGENG 
Published: April 2021

This action research was to increase the student interaction in the learning process. The subjects were the students at class X MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Tarakan, consisting of 35 students (18 male and 17 female). It was held in the odd semester of the 2020-2021. The treatment given was by introducing the use of Google Classroom as the platfom of the learning. The result shows that there was an increase of the student interaction in the learning process on the Protista subject matter, by looking at the interactive score, namely the difference between the final score and the previous score > 30 with a score of 25, from 5.7% in cycle I to 0.0%, indicating an increase in student interactive, it even occurs interactively for all students in the learning process in cycle II, and this has a significant effect on student learning outcomes. Student learning outcomes increased from 76.2% in cycle I to 78.1% in cycle II, with attendance of students in cycle I of 99.0% and cycle II of 96.2%. There was an increase in student interaction in the learning and completeness of 80.0% with an average value of 65.9. It can be concluded that learning using Google Classroom
PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS KIRINYUH (Chromolaena odorata L.) UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TERUNG (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Pramono Hadi 
Published: April 2021

Terung (Solanum melongena L.) adalah salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat. Terung dapat dikonsumsi dalam bentuk sayur dan lalapan, dan jika diolah terung di buat untuk sayur lodeh, tumis, asem-asem, pecel, sayur bening, pepesan berbumbu dan sebagainya. Terung juga bermanfaat membantu pencernaan, mencegah timbulnya sariawan dan dapat mencegah penyakit kejang. Tanaman terung merupakan tanaman yang responsif terhadap pemupukan. Pemupukan sangat penting karena menentukan tingkat pertumbuhan dan hasil baik kuantitatif maupun kualitatif sebagai alternatifnya yaitu memakai pupuk organik. Untuk mengoptimalkan produksi terung dapat digunakan kompos kirinyuh, yang mengandung 2,95% N; 3,02% K dan 0,35% P. Sehingga pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif tanaman terung dapat tumbuh dan berproduksi dengan baik. Tujuan proyek usaha mandiri yaitu pemanfaatan kompos kirinyuh untuk mengoptimalkan produksi tanaman terung serta menganalisa kelayakan usaha budidaya tanaman terung dengan potensi pasar di daerah Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota dan sekitarnya. Proyek Usaha Mandiri ini telah dilaksanakan pada kebun percobaan Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh di Tanjung Pati, Kecamatan Harau, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Provinsi Sumatera Barat, dari bulan September sampai Desember 2015. Pelaksanaan Proyek Usaha Mandiri menghasilkan produksi terung ungu sebanyak 542 kg dengan harga jual rata-rata Rp. 3.626, penerimaan total (TR) Rp.1.951.200, dan biaya total (TC) sebesar Rp.785.032 dengan untung sebesar Rp. 1.166.168. R/C yang didapat adalah 2,48 dan profitabilitasnya 148,5 %, sehingga Proyek Usaha mandiri ini layak diusahakan, berdasarkan hal tersebut disarankan menggunakan kompos kirinyuh yang dapat mengoptimalkan produksi dan kesuburan tanah.
The Role of Imagery in Film Creation (on the Example of Technical Images in Western Sci-Fi Films)
Authors: Pankratova S. A. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The paper deals with the peculiarities of the technical image nomination in western sci-fi films. The aim of the paper is to analyse the means of rendering of the technical imagery in modern films. The scientific topicality is in treating the subject of the paper in the light of the modern cognitive approach to image conceptualization, which is studied with the aim of demonstrating the individual specific picture of the world of the film creation. The study is centered around technical images from western films about computers and mechanisms. The topicality of the study is defined by the invariably high level of popularity of the technical sphere in the modernity by comparison with other (natural, biological) semantic spheres.Methodology and sources. The paper makes use of specific linguistic methods of observation, description, qualitative count and the universal method of comparison. The unique method of conceptual modelling allows to reconstruct reality objects behind certain technical images. The method “from the opposite” questions the trend to activate certain thematic fields in image nomination whilst other are left unheeded. The fact basis of the study is formed from more than 500 technical images of the modern English language, found by means of solid selection from more than 30 feature film scripts, dealing with the world of technology based on the site scripts.com.Results and discussion. The analysis of technical imagery in western film discourse was carried out with the help of cognitive and discoursive methods, disclosing evaluational statements of film characters aimed at solving the topical issues in films. The analysis demonstrated that thanks to its implicit nature the image is able to render the emotional condition, to give direction to thought process, to provide wide program of information processing accompanied by the freedom of choice. Evaluational categories of expressiveness and imagery are used by directors and scriptwriters in assessment and adaptation of the collective knowledge and schemes in personal conceptual system of the film character in the process of the rendering of the personal vision of the world.Conclusion. The use of cognitive and discoursive methods allowed to identify the role of images in film production. The image doesn’t belong to the secondary background knowledge, it is situated in the middle between the secondary and the significant, enabling the knowledge with the element of emotion. The implicitness of images in films stimulates thinking, directs the search of lost plot lines, lays the basis for the disclosure of the director’s vision. The image allows the viewer to be active and the process of viewing become a kind of common creation, common drawing of the image.
The Critique of Gender Linguistics from the Perspective of Feminist Linguistics
Authors: Ulianitckaia L. A. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction.The paper reviews features and main problems of feminist linguistics. The novelty of the study is an unparalleled take on feminist linguistics in contradistinction to gender linguistics; the identification of their fundamental differences as well as emphasizing arguments in favour of both scholarly importance and practical value of feminist linguistic studies. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the lack of academic papers concerning the subject; the growing interest in studying the language as an anthropocentric sociocultural phenomenon; and the increasing significance of the feminist movement world-wide.Methodology and data sources.The theoretical foundation of the study constitutes Russian and foreign gender studies (works of А. V. Kirilina, А. М. Kuznetsov), feminist sociological and sociolinguistic studies (L. N. Kaznin, R. Lakoff, M. Fuko) as well as feminist linguistic studies (N. A. Antropova, E. Gorshko, O. A. Voronina, E. Zdravomyslova, A. V. Tolstokorova). The methods of the study include both analysis and synthesis of theoretical material; polling research; the analysis of the collected data.Results and discussion.The latest results on feminist linguistics research are showing inadequacy of the attempts of proving the existence of either «women’s language», «men’s language», or genderlect. This is in fact entirely sociocultural phenomenon of the replicating women’s and men’s behavioral patterns in a particular culture, including the patterns of speech. Feminist linguistics uses a more in-depth approach in the studies and addresses the language system directly, identifying gender asymmetry that is evident in the androcentrism of a language; it also develops strategies against language sexism and suggests concrete ways of its elimination, such as the introduction of gender-neutral lexical units and feminine gender-specific job titles, the implementation of inclusive language. All of that is possible with feminist language reforms and appropriate feminist language planning.Conclusion.An overview of conventional gender linguistics findings draws to a conclusion that feminist linguistic studies introduce lots of new ideas of a special value to linguistics. Feminist language critique is a progressive course of modern linguistics that draws attention to the most vital language issues of the society and suggests effective means of addressing them.
Features of Communication of People Living Together during the Period of Self-isolation
Authors: Pashkovsky E. A. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article analyzes the impact of forced self-isolation in connection with the coronavirus pandemic in the spring of 2020 on communication between people living together. The relevance of the topic, in addition to the current situation in society, is determined by the fact that interpersonal communication is a factor that has a great influence on the quality of relations between people, and therefore on the psychological stability of each individual.The purpose of the article is to find out how the self-isolation regime affected the communication between people living together.Methodology and sources. The current situation in modern society actualizes the value of using methods of analysis and management of communicative behavior in the practice of interpersonal communications, such as Nonviolent Communication by M. Rosenberg, Transactional Analysis by E. Berne, Neuro-Linguistic Programming. They were used by the author of the article as a source to identify the key problems of interpersonal communication during self-isolation.Results and discussion. To solve the problems of the study, we conducted a survey, in which 217 respondents took part. Guided by the task to describe as accurately as possible the nature of changes in communication between people living together, the author included different groups of questions in the questionnaire. The first group is aimed at assessing communication as a whole through an attempt to look at it from the outside. Further, the respondent was asked to recall the difficulties and positive changes brought to communication by a new way of life and, possibly, by an emotional state. The next two questions were devoted to tense and conflict situations: the respondent was asked to evaluate the changes in their number, and then, in the open-ended question, write how the ways of solving such situations during self-isolation have changed. Two more questions were aimed at assessing changes in the communicative behavior of cohabitants and their own. In the last, also open-ended question, the author was interested in the general nature of changes in communication with family and friends with whom the respondent does not live together.Conclusion. The study confirmed the author’s assumption that there were significant changes in the communication between people living together during the period of forced self-isolation in the spring of 2020.During the study period, there were more tense and conflict situations in communication between cohabitants, which made the search for new communication strategies and techniques to preserve the psychological stability of interpersonal relations.Many respondents noted the positive impact of the period of self-isolation on their relationships with people living with them. Among the difficulties, the most common were communication fatigue, difficulty in expressing their emotions, self-disclosure, and an increase in the number of conflicts.
“My Daughter is not like That”: A Qualitative Study of Parental Perception on Child Sexual Abuse Risk
Authors: Simone E. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction.Parental prevention efforts on child sexual abuse (CSA) are paramount for children to have better protection. However, parental awareness and beliefs are essential constituents influencing parental prevention efforts. Previous studies have revealed that parents tend to judge child sexual abuse as a low risk to their children, which in turn impacts CSA prevention activities. The aim of this study was to explore parental beliefs on the risk of CSA, specifically victim- and perpetrator-specific risk of child sexual abuse to their children, as well as parents’ approaches to protecting their children.Methodology and sources.Data were collected from 22 parents during focus group interviews (n=6) combined with activity-oriented questions.Results and discussion.Based on data, four perpetrator and two victim-specific risk profiles were created. When parents find similarities between their children and perceived victims or perpetrators, it triggers thedefensive othering effect, which acts as a subconscious protection mechanism, yet often creates inaccurate risk assessment and false confidence. The findings also tender that most parents do not teach their children the necessary skills related to CSA since they determine the risk to be low.Conclusion.This study adds to our understanding of CSA-related risk perception and prevention approaches, offering a conceptual addition to the defensive attribution theory. Further investigation is needed on the impacts of the cognitive processes and psychological protection mechanisms in relation to CSA risk assessment. The data from this study will be useful in developing CSA prevention programs and materials.