bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lookback Option Pricing Problem of Uncertain Mean-reverting Currrency Model
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Liying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A lookback option is a maturity option that pays off based on the maximum or minimum stock price over the life of the option. This paper investigates the problem of pricing a lookback currency option based on the uncertain mean-reverting currency model and designs the algorithms to calculate the formulations. Furthermore, disscussions about parameters and result are drawn in the paper.
Identification of Novel Prognostic Biomarkers to Predict Pembrolizumab Response in Gastric Cancer by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Liu Si-Yu , He Ling-yan , Lv Mei-ling , Sun Wei-liang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially pembrolizumab, have improved outcomes in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (GC). However, there are no reliable markers for the evaluation of its efficacy. GC samples from the UCSC Xena Browser and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were performed by bioinformatics analysis. The single sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm was used to calculate the prognostic genes expression differences score (ssGSEA score) for each sample. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify the score-related key model. The hub gene was identified based on the intersection between tumor-related transcription factors (TFs) and the key module. The predictive ability for pembrolizumab response of the hub gene was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The correlations between the hub gene and immune infiltration in GC were investigated by the CIBERSORT algorithm. According to the ssGSEA score, patients with GC were divided into the high- and low-score group. RUNX1T1 was the hub gene of the ICIs treatment in GC. Its high expression was related to the low-score group, which indicated low sensitivity to pembrolizumab and poor prognosis. RUNX1T1 showed good predictive power for pembrolizumab response (AUC = 0.742). The CIBERSORT analysis showed that a high expression for RUNX1T1 weakened the anti-tumor immune response by affecting the immune cell infiltration.Runx1T1 may be a potential predictor of pembrolizumab efficacy in GC and be a prognostic marker for GC.
Exploring Biomarkers Related to Autophagy in Alzheimer's Disease Based on Pathway Crosstalk Analysis
Authors: Qian Fang , Kong Wei , Wang Shuaiqun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The pathological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves multiple pathways, and the crosstalk between autophagy and other pathways plays an increasingly prominent role in AD. However, current methods are primarily based on single-gene analysis or a single signal pathway to find therapeutic targets for AD, which are somewhat limited. The aim of our study is to identify autophagy-related biomarkers in AD based on the crosstalk between autophagy and other pathways. The pathway analysis method (PAGI) was applied to find the feature mRNAs involved in the crosstalk between autophagy and many other AD-related pathways. Then, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct a co-expression module of feature mRNAs and differential lncRNAs. Finally, clinical information was used to screen the biomarkers related to the prognosis of AD in the co-expressed gene modules. The experiment finally identified 8 mRNAs and 2 lncRNAs (TLN1, ARRB1, FZD4, AKT1, JMJD7-PLA2G4B, STAT5A, SMAD7, ZNF274; AC113349.1, AC015878.2) as biomarkers of AD, and they all interact directly or indirectly with autophagy. In summary, we provide an effective method for extracting autophagy-related biomarkers based on pathway crosstalk in AD. This method enriches the therapeutic targets of AD and provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of autophagy in AD.
Expression of BDNF and TrKB in Patients With Endometriosis and Their Correlation With Dysmenorrhea
Authors: wang Sha , Duan Hua , Li Bohan , Hong Wei , Li Xiao , Wang Yiyi , Guo Zhengchen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been recognized as a regulator in the formation and maintenance of chronic pain in various chronic disorders. BDNF together with its high-affinity tyrosine kinase type B (TrkB) receptor were found to be extensively expressed in mammalian female reproductive system. However, BDNF and TrkB expression in different stages of endometriosis, and the correlation between their expression in ectopic lesions and endometriosis pain remains unclear.Methods: This study enrolled sixty-two women underwent laparoscopic surgery. Forty-six women diagnosed as ovarian endometrioma, were recruited in the study group. Sixteen women diagnosed as ovarian benign tumors were recruited in the control group. Samples from eutopic endometrium and ovarian endometriotic lesions were obtained at laparoscopic surgery. The message RNA (mRNA) level of BDNF and TrKB was detected by real-time PCR, while the protein level was detected by immunohistochemical staining for eutopic and ectopic endometrium in both groups. Dysmenorrhea was assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) before the surgery.Results: The expression of BDNF and TrKB were higher in ovarian endometriotic lesions than those in eutopic endometrium and normal endometrium (P<0.05), and there was no cyclical change. While their expression in eutopic endometrium were higher than those in the normal endometrium (P<0.05). The expression of BDNF and TrKB in ovarian endometriotic lesions stage IV were higher than those in stage III and II (P<0.05). Their expression in stage III were higher than those in stage II but there were no significance (P>0.05). Furthermore, the correlation between the mRNA expression of BDNF, TrKB in eutopic endometrium, and dysmenorrhea VAS score revealed that r=0.52 and 0.56, respectively (P<0.05). The correlation between BDNF and TrKB in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium were revealed that r=0.82 and 0.66, respectively (P<0.05).Conclusions: BDNF and TrKB may play essential roles in promoting disease progression during the development of endometriosis, and are closely related to dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis.
Dissipation Kinetics of Deltamethrin 10 EC in Capsicum (Capsicum Annum var. Frutescens) and Cropped Soil Under Field and Polyhouse Conditions
Authors: P.N. Guru , C.S. PATIL , B.V. DEORE , Samota Mahesh Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The dissipation behavior of deltamethrin 10 EC (Decis®) in capsicum (Capsicum annuum var. frutescens) grown in polyhouse and open field was investigated. Two sprays of deltamethrin 10 EC @ 15 and 30g a.i./ha (150 ml/ha -recommended and 300 ml/ha- double the recommended dose), respectively were applied at 10 days intervals, initiating at button sized fruit stage. Fruit samples were collected at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 days after second spray and the soil samples were collected at final harvest for residue analyses. Modified QuEChERS multi-residue analysis showed initial residues of 0.976 and 1.161 mg/kg recorded at 15 and 30 g a.i./ha doses, respectively in polyhouse. The residues persisted upto 7th and 10th day, reaching below quantification limit (BQL) by 10th and 15th day, respectively at both the doses. In open field, the initial deposits recorded were 0.607 and 1.924 mg/kg reaching BQL on 5th and 7th day, respectively @ 15 and 30 g.a.i./ha. The comparative results showed that half life (syn. Dissipation time 50- DT50) for deltamethrin in capsicum fruits varied from 2.05–2.45 days in polyhouse. The corresponding values in open field were 1.51–1.86 days suggesting that dissipation of deltamethrin residues took longer time in controlled conditions than open field. The soil samples analysed at harvest contained no residues. The insecticide degradation followed the first order kinetics. Since, the insecticide is not recommended under capsicum in India; the data may help to fix maximum residue limit (MRL) and pre harvest interval (PHI).
Evaluation of Vector-Borne Disease Intervention Strategies Using Compartmental Models: A Case Study of 2016 Zika Epidemic In Miami-Dade County, Florida
Authors: Luo Nana , Cassels Susan , Nara Atsushi , Shen Zhanfeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: In August 2016, Miami-Dade County implemented Zika intervention strategies to combat a dramatic increase in incidence. Encouragingly, there was a significant decrease; howbeit, the effectiveness of these interventions remains unclear, and many countries in the world still suffer from various vector-borne diseases.Methods: To evaluate emerging vector-borne disease intervention strategies, we propose a Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious–Recovered Intervention Model (SEIR-IM) and apply the model to the 2016 Zika outbreak in Miami-Dade County, Florida as a case study. The proposed model allows for the impacts of the interventions on the transmission cycle of vector-borne diseases, and is parameterized by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC).Results: Within the exiting literature, we find that vector-borne disease intervention strategies promote disease control in the context of human, vector, and human-vector contact. Overall, during the course of interventions, the transmission probability of humans decreases from 0.417 to 0.38 versus mosquitoes from 0.418 to 0.19. Through further analysis, the host-based controls are able to reduce the human infections to 27, while the vector-based controls are 50. On the basis of analysis of the human infections at high intervention coverage, in particular, continued scale-up of the interventions from baseline, we find that the interventions at higher coverage lead to an earlier but higher infection peak: 20 more infections and 100 days in advance.Conclusions: The three interventions result in a remarkable decline of the Zika infection in Miami-Dade County, and the host-based and contact- based controls are the most effective in reducing Zika incidence.
Prognostic Impact of Semantic MRI Features on Survival Outcomes in Medulloblastoma: Does It Reflect or Transcend Radiogenomic Correlation?
Authors: Dasgupta Archya , Gupta Tejpal , Maitre Madan , Kalra Babusha , Chatterjee Abhishek , Krishnatry Rahul , Goda Jayant Sastri , Shirsat Neelam , Epari Sridhar , Sahay Ayushi , Janu Amit , Pungavkar Sona , Chinnaswamy Girish , Patil Vijay , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Shetty Prakash , Jalali Rakesh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Imaging features are known to reflect inherent disease biology in various cancers including brain tumors. We report prognostic impact of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features on survival in patients with medulloblastoma treated between 2007 and 2018 at our institute.
Methods

Sixteen semantic imaging features (with pre-defined categories) were extracted from pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI by consensus. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to assess correlation of semantic features with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results

The study cohort comprised of 171 medulloblastoma patients (median age 9 years) treated with maximal safe resection followed by risk-stratified adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy. A total of 55 patients experienced recurrent/progressive disease (commonly neuraxial metastases) resulting in 44 deaths including one treatment-related death. At a median follow-up of 45 months (inter-quartile range 19–65 months), 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of RFS and OS were 64% and 71%, respectively. Semantic MRI features such as non-central tumor location on vertical axis, absence of brainstem involvement, ≤ 80% solid tumor area with contrast-uptake, heterogenous pattern of contrast-enhancement, necrosis, calcification, and T2-weighted heterogeneity were associated with significantly worse RFS and/or OS on univariate analysis. Cox regression analysis identified tumor location on the vertical axis, brainstem involvement, and calcification as independent prognostic factors impacting outcomes. Distinctive MRI features correlated with survival even within individual molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma.
Conclusion

Distinctive semantic MRI features correlate significantly with survival outcomes in medulloblastoma including within individual molecular subgroups reflecting their prognostic impact that transcends radiogenomic correlation.
Experimental Study of Loaded Foams During Free Fall Investigation and Evaluation of Microstructure
Authors: BOUMDOUHA Noureddine , SAFIDINE Zitouni , BOUDIAF Achraf 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We aim to maintain as much control as possible over the development of the microstructure during the manufacture of polyurethane foam with a certain density. As a result, the finished product may not contain the required characteristics for the shock absorber used. That is why polyurethane foam loaded with zinc oxide and silica must be able to sustain the cellular structure and strengthen it. Mechanical characterization was carried out utilizing a dynamic drop impact test conducted on locally developed and constructed equipment. Polyurethane foams' mechanical properties are highly reliant on their density, cell structure (size and shape), and the fraction of open or closed cells. Within the cell structure, the foam may be directed preferentially. Following that, Raman spectroscopy and SEM investigation were used to visualize the semi-opened cells of the cellular polymer. The cellular polymer appears to possess permanent, regular cellular structures with a high degree of reversibility in terms of overlap.
A comparative study on properieties of hydroxyapatite prepared from bovine and dromedary bone
Authors: ghedjemis amina , ayech Riad , BENOUADAH Ali 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The recovery of agro-food waste is at the heart of the challenges of the 21st century, in this context that this research work comes. A biomaterial is prepared from a significant resource such as dromedary bone and bovine bone by heat treatment at different temperatures and characterized by physico-chemical techniques in order to have the effect of bone type on the physico-chemical properties of hydroxyapatite. The results of FTIR and DRX show the removal of all organic matter and the production of pure hydroxyapatite without any additional phase for both bone types. Analyzes by SEM and laser particle size analyzer show that the particle size of hydroxyapatite is increased with increasing temperature. From the results of XRF, bone type is a direct effect on the concentration of hydroxyapatite compounds in hydroxyapatite prepared from dromedary bone compared to hydroxyapatite prepared from bovine bone.
Long COVID - the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalised young people 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection; a national matched cohort study (The CLoCk) Study.
Authors: Stephenson Terence , Stephenson Terence , Pereira Snehal Pinto , Shafran Roz , De Stavola Bianca , Rojas Natalia , McOwat Kelsey , Simmons Ruth , Zavala Maria , O’Mahoney Lauren , Chalder Trudie , Crawley Esther , Ford Tamsin , Harnden Anthony , Heyman Isobel , Swann Olivia , Whittaker Liz , Consortium CLoCk Consortium CLoCk , Ladhani Shamez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: We describe post-COVID symptomatology in a national sample of 11-17-year-old children and young people (CYP) with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to test-negative controls.Methods and analysis: A cohort study of test-positive (n=3,065) and age-, sex- and geographically-matched test-negative CYP (n=3,739) completed detailed questionnaires 3 months post-test.Results: At PCR-testing, 35.4% of test-positives and 8.3% of test-negatives had any symptoms whilst 30.6% and 6.2%, respectively, had 3+ symptoms. At 3 months post-testing, 66.5% of test-positives and 53.3% of test-negatives had any symptoms, whilst 30.3% and 16.2%, respectively, had 3+ symptoms. Latent class analysis identified two classes, characterised by “few” or “multiple” symptoms. This latter class was more frequent among test-positives, females, older CYP and those with worse pre-test physical and mental health.Discussion: Test-positive CYP had a similar symptom profile to test-negative CYP but with higher prevalence of single and, particularly, multiple symptoms at PCR-testing and 3 months later.
Statistical analysis plan for an international, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial on the use of phantom motor execution as a treatment for phantom limb pain.
Authors: Lendaro Eva , Earley Eric J. , Catalan Max Ortiz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a chronic condition that can greatly diminish quality of life. Purposeful control over the phantom limb activates of the affected neural circuitry and leads to dissolution of the pathological relationship linking sensorimotor and pain processing (which gives rise to PLP). An international, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) on the use of phantom motor execution (PME) as a treatment for PLP is currently undertaken, where PME is compared to active placebo. Methods and design Sixty-seven subjects suffering from PLP in upper or lower limbs are randomly assigned in 2:1 ratio to PME or phantom motor imagery (PMI) interventions respectively. Subjects allocated to either treatment receive 15 interventions and are exposed to the same VR-AR environments using the same device. The only difference between interventions is whether phantom movements are performed (PME) or just imagined (PMI). Results The primary outcome of the study is to examine whether 15 sessions of PME can induce a greater PLP relief, compared to PMI. The secondary objectives are to examine whether 15 sessions of PME provide a greater improvement on different aspects related to PLP compared to PMI, such as pain duration, pain intensity as measured by other metrics and the patient’s own impression about the effect of treatment. Long-term retention of treatment benefits will be assessed as change in all the variables (both primary and secondary) between baseline and follow-up timepoints (at one-, three- and six-months post treatment). Conclusion This manuscript serves as the formal statistical analysis plan (version 1.0) for the international, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial on the use of phantom motor execution as a treatment for phantom limb pain. The statistical analysis plan was completed on 3 August 2021. Trial registration number NCT03112928. SAP version Version: 1.0 Date: 2021/08/03 Protocol Version This document has been written based on information contained in the study protocol published in [1], in July 2018. SAP Revisions Not applicable
Light-driven oxygen evolution from water oxidation: TiO2 engineering in the performance of the immobilised photocatalysts
Authors: Sampaio Maria J. , Yu Zhipeng , Lopes Joana C. , Tavares Pedro B. , Silva Cláudia G. , Liu Lifeng , Faria Joaquim L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Calcination treatments in the range of 500–900 ºC of TiO2 synthesised by the sol-gel resulted in materials with variable physicochemical (i.e., optical, specific surface area, crystallite size and crystalline phase) and morphological properties. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared materials was evaluated in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) following UV-LED irradiation of aqueous solutions containing iron ions as sacrificial electron acceptors. The highest activity for water oxidation was obtained with the photocatalyst thermally treated at 700 ºC (TiO2-700). Photocatalysts with larger anatase to rutile ratio of the crystalline phases and higher surface density of oxygen vacancies (defects) displayed the best performance in OER. The oxygen defects at the photocatalyst surface have proven to be responsible for the enhanced photoactivity, acting as important active adsorption sites for water oxidation. Seeking technological application, water oxidation was accomplished by immobilising the photocatalyst with the highest OER rate measured under the established batch conditions (TiO2-700). Experiments operating under continuous mode revealed a remarkable efficiency for oxygen production, exceeding 12% of the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) at 385 nm (UV-LED system) compared to the batch operation mode.
Reusable rainwater quality at the Ikorodu area of Lagos, Nigeria: impact of first-flush and household treatment techniques
Authors: John Chukwuemeka K. , Pu Jaan H. , Moruzzi Rodrigo , Pandey Manish , Md. Azamathulla Hazi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Water scarcity is a huge problem in Africa, and hence rainwater becomes a crucial water source for fulfilling basic human needs. However, less attention has been given by African countries to the effectiveness of common rainwater treatments to ensure the population's health. This study investigates the impact of different household treatment techniques (HHTTs), i.e. treatments by chlorine, boiling, alum, and a combination of alum and chlorine, on its storage system using a case study at the Ikorodu area of Lagos state, which is a rural area in Nigeria. The first-flush quality has been particularly studied here, where the microbial reduction through its practice has been examined from five different roofs. One of the investigated roofs was from a residential building, and four were constructed for the purpose of this study. In this study, the physical parameters (i.e. total suspended solids and turbidity) and the microbial parameters (i.e. total coliform and Escherichia coli) of the collected rainwater have been investigated. From the results, it has been observed that: (1) the water quality at the free phase zone is better than that at the tank's bottom; (2) the combination of chlorine and alum gives the best rainwater quality after comparing the application of different HHTTs; and (3) a reduction of about 40% from the original contaminant load occurs in every 1 mm diversion.
Metabolomic Profiling of Exhaled Breath Condensate and Plasma/
Serum in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Fuschillo Salvatore , Paris Debora , Tramice Annabella , Ambrosino Pasquale , Palomba Letizia , Maniscalco Mauro , Motta Andrea 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasing cause of global
morbidity and mortality, with poor long-term outcomes and chronic disability. COPD is
a condition with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, with different phenotypes being
identified even among patients with comparable degrees of airflow limitation. Considering
the burden of COPD in terms of social and economic costs, in recent years growing
attention has been given to the need for more personalized approaches and patienttailored
rehabilitation programs. In this regard, the systematic analysis of metabolites in
biological matrices, namely metabolomics, may become an essential tool in phenotyping
diseases. Through the identification and quantification of the small molecules produced
during biological processes, metabolomic profiling of biological samples has thus been
proposed as an opportunity to identify novel biomarkers of disease outcome and treatment
response. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and plasma/serum are fluid pools, which can
be easily extracted and analyzed. In this review, we discuss the potential clinical applications
of the metabolomic profiling of EBC and plasma/serum in COPD.