bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Tourism Ecosystem In Strategic National Tourism Area (KSPN) Borobudur Yogyakarta and Prambanan (BYP)
Authors: Muhamad Muhamad , Baiquni Muhammad , Wiryanto Wiryanto 
Published: December 2024

This research aims to understand the tourism ecosystem as a complex phenomenon. The study attempts to design aspects that can advance the tourism sector, such as linkage, value chain, and interconnectivity systems. To maximize the tourism sector, the support of the BGCM (business, government, community, academic, and media) is needed to run as well as possible. Research conducted in Borobudur Yogyakarta Prambanan (BYP). This research uses the method of explorative descriptive research with a qualitative approach, aimed at studying objects naturally and in depth, where the researcher is the key instrument. The results of this study resulted in a road map of Sustainable Tourism Development relating to the application and issues of sustainable tourism with the optimization of the role of BGCM. BGCM has a role in creating tourism benefits that yield to the community and the environment in the National Strategic Tourism Area.
Cristais de sangue
Authors: Holanda Karla 
Published: December 2024

No mesmo ano de 1974 em que Bodansky e Senna filmavam Iracema - uma transa amazônica, período da ditadura civil-militar, Luna Alkalay realizava Cristais de sangue, reunindo um grupo de jovens que burlam a repressão e fazem um filme de absoluta resistência à atmosfera opressiva daquele momento. Ao analisar esta obra, convocamos outro filme, A extração de minérios, um curta-metragem produzido em 1970, pela Agência Nacional, no qual tudo vale em nome do progresso. Com esse movimento, pode-se ver, de um lado, jovens que resistem à repressão da liberdade de buscar novos caminhos, criando artimanhas de sobrevivência, não se interessando em hierarquizar relações, integrando-se ao meio ambiente. De outro, um governo autoritário e não afeito ao diálogo investia na ideia de progresso a todo custo e não se conectava com sua gente, nem com a natureza. Ao aproximar o curta tão díspar, sob uma abordagem analítica que busca encontrar elos que impliquem as obras, exercitamos uma forma que evidencia que todo filme pode se conectar a qualquer outro, sempre resultando em algo. No encontro dos dois filmes aqui propostos, podemos discutir a convivência de programas antagônicos de país, situação que se mantém até hoje. Outros encontros poderiam convidar a outras discussões. Com esse método, se propõe uma maneira revigorada de lidar com filmes realizados por mulheres, evitando que fiquem aprisionados à categoria de “cinema de mulheres”, o que muitas vezes ignora análises mais abrangentes.
Smoothing GAAP ETRs through Tax Accruals and the Quality of Financial Reporting
Authors: Demeré Paul , Li Laura Yue , Lisowsky Petro , Snyder R. William 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
This study examines whether the smoothing of GAAP effective tax rates (ETRs) using tax accruals informs or obscures financial reporting quality. We develop a GAAP ETR smoothing measure that isolates variation in tax accruals from underlying variation in cash tax planning and performance reflected in GAAP ETRs. We find that smoothing ETRs through tax accruals is beneficial to financial statement users. Our tests show that GAAP ETR smoothing is associated with (1) greater ability of current-period ETRs to predict future cash ETRs, (2) analysts producing more accurate ETR forecasts, and (3) lower incidence of restatements and tax-related financial reporting fraud. We also find some evidence consistent with managers using their discretion to achieve these benefits, rather than our results being solely an artifact of GAAP rules. Our results suggest that accrual-based GAAP ETR smoothing informs financial statement users about tax outcomes and indicates enhanced financial reporting quality.
JEL Classifications: M41; M48; H26.
Extracellular Mitochondria Exacerbate Retinal Pigment Epithelium Degeneration in Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Nishikawa Keiichi , Murakami Tomoaki , Yoshida Miyo , Terada Noriko , Ishihara Kenji , Mori Yuki , Ito Shinji , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: December 2024

Advancements in fundus imaging are revealing disruptions in the neurovascular unit in diabetic retinopathy (DR). In the era of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, a thorough characterization of neurodegeneration is imperative until patients with DR are sufficiently treated. Here, we demonstrate that extracellular mitochondria exacerbate retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration and inflammation in DR. Extracellular mitochondria increased in the vitreous of patients with DR and were associated with visual impairment but not with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema. Animal experiments demonstrated detrimental effects of extracellular mitochondria on RPE and photoreceptors. Lysosomal cell death induced by extracellular mitochondria in RPE cells required mitochondrial DNA but not its pattern recognition receptors. Furthermore, biochemical screening identified candidates for DNA receptors. Among them, DNA-dependent protein kinase was necessary for extracellular mitochondria-induced cell death in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Extracellular mitochondria further induced interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in RPE cells in a Toll-like receptor 9–dependent manner. RNA sequencing suggested that extracellular mitochondria exacerbate inflammation by promoting the proliferation and migration of macrophages, at least in part. In summary, extracellular mitochondria are designated as a novel exacerbating factor of RPE degeneration in DR.

Article Highlights
A therapeutic strategy for retinal pigment epithelium degeneration should be developed in diabetic retinopathy. We investigated the molecular mechanisms underpinning retinal pigment epithelium degeneration by extracellular mitochondria in diabetic retinopathy. Extracellular mitochondria were found in the vitreous humor of patients with diabetic retinopathy and exacerbated retinal pigment epithelium degeneration through DNA-dependent protein kinase, cytokine expression via Toll-like receptor 9, and macrophage activation. Extracellular mitochondria are designated as an aggravating factor of neurodegeneration and inflammation in diabetic retinopathy.
Blood-Based Epigenetic Biomarkers Associated With Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Marchiori Marian , Maguolo Alice , Perfilyev Alexander , Maziarz Marlena , Martinell Mats , Gomez Maria F. , Ahlqvist Emma , García-Calzón Sonia , Ling Charlotte 
Published: December 2024

There is an increasing need for new biomarkers to improve prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify blood-based epigenetic biomarkers associated with incident CKD and develop a methylation risk score (MRS) predicting CKD in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D. DNA methylation was analyzed epigenome wide in blood from 487 individuals with newly diagnosed T2D, of whom 88 developed CKD during an 11.5-year follow-up. Weighted Cox regression was used to associate methylation with incident CKD. Weighted logistic models and cross-validation (k = 5) were performed to test whether the MRS could predict CKD. Methylation at 37 sites was associated with CKD development based on a false discovery rate of &lt;5% and absolute methylation differences of ≥5% between individuals with incident CKD and those free of CKD during follow-up. Notably, 15 genes annotated to these sites, e.g., TGFBI, SHISA3, and SLC43A2 (encoding LAT4), have been linked to CKD or related risk factors, including blood pressure, BMI, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Using an MRS including 37 sites and cross-validation for prediction of CKD, we generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 for the MRS and AUC of 0.87 for the combination of MRS and clinical factors. Importantly, ROC curves including the MRS had significantly better AUCs versus the one only including clinical factors (AUC = 0.72). The combined epigenetic biomarker had high accuracy in identifying individuals free of future CKD (negative predictive value of 94.6%). We discovered a high-performance epigenetic biomarker for predicting CKD, encouraging its potential role in precision medicine, risk stratification, and targeted prevention in T2D.

Article Highlights
There is an increasing need for new biomarkers to improve the prediction and prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. We investigated whether new blood-based epigenetic biomarkers predict incident CKD in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D. We discovered a novel blood-based epigenetic biomarker, composed of a combination of a methylation risk score and clinical factors, capable of predicting CKD during an 11.5-year follow-up (area under the curve of 0.87, negative predictive value of 94.6%) in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D. The epigenetic biomarker could provide a valuable tool for early risk stratification and prevention of CKD in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D, supporting its future use for precision medicine.
Cardiovascular Complications, Kidney Failure, and Mortality in Young-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Korean National Health Insurance Service
Authors: Kim Sung Eun , Han Kyungdo , Cho Won Kyoung , Suh Byung-Kyu 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
To explore all-cause mortality and the incidence of cardiovascular and renal complications among patients with young-onset diabetes in South Korea using a nationwide registry database.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were collected from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort database from 2006 to 2019 for patients aged ≤30 years with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D). The incidence rates of cardiovascular complications (myocardial infarction [MI] and stroke) and kidney failure, as well as all-cause mortality, were compared with those in the general population.

RESULTS
This study included 513,633 participants, comprising 413 with T1D, 1,250 with T2D, and 511,970 control individuals. After adjusting for sex, age, family income, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, the hazard ratio (HR) for MI was 6.76 (95% CI 2.44–18.72) and 5.07 (95% CI 2.48–10.36) for T1D and T2D, respectively. The HR for stroke was 4.65 (95% CI 1.70–12.71) and 3.30 (95% CI 1.67–6.53) for T1D and T2D, respectively. The HR for kidney failure was 20.92 (95% CI 11.40–38.39) and 2.78 (95% CI 1.37–5.64) for T1D and T2D, respectively. The mortality risk was significantly higher in patients with T1D (3.69; 95% CI 1.95–6.98) and T2D (3.06; 95% CI 2.02–4.63) than in the control group. The mortality risk was highest in the T2D subgroup of participants aged &lt;20 years at enrollment (10.70; 95% CI 4.41–25.94).

CONCLUSIONS
In South Korea, patients with young-onset diabetes are at high risk of cardiovascular complications, kidney failure, and death.
Measuring Outcomes for Community Partner Engagement: The Case of the High-Fidelity Wraparound Program for Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nevin Amy G. , March Christine A. , Jones Lauren , Nash Kenneth , Muzumdar Radhika , Schreiber Justin , Libman Ingrid M. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to describe the processes for convening and engaging an advisory board to guide the conduct of a research study of the Type 1 Diabetes Wraparound Program (T1DWP) and associated outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We recruited a diverse advisory board (n = 21) consisting of youth with type 1 diabetes, parents/advocates, and health system partners. The board met monthly over 2 years to discuss all phases of the T1DWP study. We evaluated aspects of engagement and satisfaction among advisory board members using a monthly experience survey on a five-point Likert scale (ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree) and outcomes, including modifications to the research materials, the study protocol, and implementation.

RESULTS
We received 10 ± 3 survey responses per meeting, with representation from every role at each meeting. The overall stakeholder satisfaction score increased from 4.5 at baseline to 5.0 at month 6 and was maintained at 5.0 at month 24 as the research team responded to feedback. Average scores for specific processes of engagement were high: expectation setting (4.6 ± 0.3), co-learning (4.6 ± 0.3), transparency (4.6 ± 0.3), and decision-making (4.7 ± 0.2). Changes to the T1DWP study resulting from advisory board input included inclusion of nine additional patient-reported measures and specific diabetes resources and programming. Furthermore, the board contributed to hiring of T1DWP study staff, fundraising activities, and clinical integration of the T1DWP, demonstrating stakeholder empowerment and knowledge translation to the clinical setting.

CONCLUSION
Our processes led to several meaningful contributions to the research study. This experience illustrates the willingness and importance of partnering with stakeholders to help shape resources and programs in pediatric diabetes intervention research.
RESPON TIGA VARIETAS DAN APLIKASI ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH GIBERELIN DAN SITOKININ TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Nursandi Fatimah , Santoso Untung , Machmudi Machmudi , Wahono Wahono 
Published: December 2024

Respon tanaman terhadap zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) tergantung pada jenis dan konsentrasi ZPT, cara aplikasi ZPT dan varietas tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah dengan perlakuan varietas dan aplikasi ZPT giberelin dan sitokinin. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu varietas terdiri dari 3 varietas dan kombinasi konsentrasi-waktu aplikasi terdiri dari 4 kombinasi. Varietas Bauji dengan aplikasi ZPT Pronas dua kali dengan kepekatan 5 ml/l meningkatkan bobot umbi segar /rumpun sebesar 30,0% dan bobot umbi kering /rumpun 40.6% dibanding tanpa Pronas, varietas Thailand dengan aplikasi ZPT Pronas dua kali dengan kepekatan 10 ml/l meningkatkan bobot umbi segar /rumpun 30,7% dan bobot umbi kering /rumpun 33,7% dibanding tanpa Pronas, sedangkan varietas Manjung aplikasi ZPT Pronas menghasilkan bobot umbi segar /rumpun dan bobot umbi kering/rumpun tidak berbeda dengan kontrol hanya meningkat 3,3% dan 3,7%. Varietas Bauji dan Thailand mempunyai jumlah tunas, jumlah akar, diamater umbi dan diameter rumpun umbi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan varietas Manjung. Jumlah akar, diameter umbi, diameter rumpun umbi meningkat dengan penyemprotan zpt Pronas dibandingkan kontrol dan penyemrpotan 2 kali pada umur 20 dan 30 HST dengan kepekatan 10 ml/l merupakan perlakuan terbaik
APLIKASI NAA PADA SETEK SINGKONG (Manihot esculenta Crantz) MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH AKAR PRODUKTIF
Authors: Puspitarini Cicilia Novian , Yusnita Yusnita , Asmara Sandi , Karyanto Agus , Widyastuti R.A. Diana 
Published: December 2024

Ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis. Produktivitas ubi kayu masih tergolong rendah. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi ubi kayu adalah aplikasi auksin untuk memacu pembentukan akar karena hal yang paling penting dari ubi kayu adalah umbi yang akan di hasilkan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh NAA dan konsentrasi yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan jumlah akar produktif dan pertumbuhan tunas setek singkong. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan sebanyak 6 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Perlakuan pada percobaan ini terdiri dari: A0=0 ppm NAA, A1=200 ppm NAA, A2=400 ppm NAA, A3=600 ppm NAA, A4=800 ppm NAA, dan A5=1000 ppm NAA. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah NAA berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tunas dan pengakaran setek singkong. Konsentrasi 200-1000 ppm NAA meningkatkan pengakaran dan pertumbuhan tunas setek singkong, dimana konsentrasi terbaik adalah 1000 ppm NAA menghasilkan jumlah akar total, jumlah akar produktif, panjang akar, dan bobot segar akar tertinggi.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN ARANG KOMPOS BIOAKTIF (ARKOBA) SEKAM PADI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) PADA TANAH ALLUVIAL
Authors: Suyanto Agus , Rahayu Sri , Irianti Agnes Tutik Purwani , Rosalina Shinta 
Published: December 2024

Padi merupakan tanaman pokok yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Pengembangan budidaya padi di tanah alluvial dihadapkan beberapa kendala akibat kondisi tanah yang kurang mendukung. Diperlukan upaya untuk memperbaiki kondisi tanah alluvial salah satunya menggunakan Arang Kompos Bioaktif (Arkoba) sekam padi yang diketahui mampu mengatasi masalah tanah suboptimal alluvial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian arkoba sekam padi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi di tanah alluvial. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Panca Bhakti Pontianak, dimulai dari bulan Desember 2022 sampai Maret 2023. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 6 taraf yaitu: A0= 0 kg /petak (0 ton / ha), A1= 0,5 kg /petak (5 ton / ha), A2= 1 kg /petak (10 ton / ha), A3= 1,5 kg /petak (15 ton / ha), A4= 2 kg /petak (20 ton / ha), dan A5= 2,5 kg /petak (25 ton / ha). Parameter pengamatan terdiri dari tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan perrumpun, berat gabah kering perrumpun, bobot gabah kering per petak dan bobot 1000 butir gabah. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji F dan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Dari hasil pengamatan diketahui pemberian Arkoba sekam padi dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi. Perlakuan A3 1,5 kg /petak (15 ton / ha) menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi yang lebih optimal dibanding perlakuan lainnya.
APLIKASI ATRAZIN 500 g/l PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG
Authors: Pujisiswanto Hidayat , Nurmauli Niar , Susanto Herry 
Published: December 2024

Salah satu metode pengendalian gulma yang diminati oleh petani, adalah herbisida, karena lebih efektif dan efisien dalam mengendalikan gulma, herbisida yang dapat mengendalikan gulma pada pertanaman jagung antara lain adalah Atrazin. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Natar dan Laboratorium Gulma Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung, bulan Agustus - November 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 7 perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Perlakuan terdiri dari (1) kontrol (tanpa penyiangan), (2) Penyiangan manual menggunakan cangkul pada 14 HST, (3) Atrazin 500 g ha-1, (4) Atrazin 750 g ha-1, (5) Atrazin 100 g ha-1, (6) Atrazin 1250 g ha-1, dan Atrazin 1500 g ha-1. Masing-masing dosis formulasi setara 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; dan 3 liter ha-1. Atrazin disemprotkan saat tanaman jagung berumur 14 HST hanya sekali dilakukan. Homogenitas ragam diuji dengan Uji Bartlett dan aditifitas data diuji dengan Uji Tukey, jika asumsi terpenuhi, maka dilanjutkan dengan analisis ragam, pengujian nilai tengah menggunakan orthogonal kontras dan orthogonal polynomial, semua pengamatan diuji pada taraf uji 5%. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan: (1) pengendalian gulma manual dan Atrazin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung lebih tinggi daripada tanpa pengendalian gulma, pada bobot kering brangkasan, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, bobot 100 butir, dan hasil biji (t/ha). (2) pengendalian gulma cara manual (cangkul) tidak berbeda dengan aplikasi herbisida Atrazin terhadap bobot kering brangkasan tanaman, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, bobot 100 butir, dan hasil biji (t/ha), dan (3) Setiap penambahan 1 g Atrazin akan menekan pertumbuhan gulma sebesar 0,0106 g bobot kering gulma total dan setiap penambahan 1 g dosis Atrazin akan meningkatkan diameter tongkol jagung sebesar 0,0003 cm atau 0,03 mm.
Brain-type natriuretic peptide is a useful biomarker of cardiovascular disease and predictor of cardiac-related mortality in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Achorn Angela M. , Hodo Carolyn L. , Hensel Martha E. , Magden Elizabeth R. , Buchl Stephanie J. , Jones Charla L. , Piatt Elizabeth A. , Hopkins William D. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To validate the use of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) for detecting and monitoring cardiac dysfunction in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

METHODS
We analyzed cross-sectional (N = 175) and longitudinal (N = 76) BNP, echocardiogram, ECG, and pathology data from living and deceased captive chimpanzees to examine age and sex effects and to assess the usefulness of BNP for detecting cardiovascular disease and predicting mortality. The study period was from July 2010 through October 2024.

RESULTS
Brain-type natriuretic peptide values were significantly associated with age, and males exhibited significantly higher BNP values than females. Brain-type natriuretic peptide values were significantly heritable, with over half of variation in BNP being attributable to additive genetic effects. Chimpanzees with more severe cardiac scores based on echocardiograms and ECGs had significantly higher BNP values. Among 50 deceased chimpanzees, those with initial BNP values > 100 pg/mL were significantly more likely to have a cardiac-related causes of death than those with values < 100 pg/mL.

CONCLUSIONS
Brain-type natriuretic peptide values reflected cardiac scores, and lower BNP values were associated with increased survival rates. Importantly, BNP values over a clinical threshold of 100 pg/mL were a significant predictor of cardiac death.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in great apes, and sudden cardiac death with few to no preceding clinical signs is common in chimpanzees. A biomarker for occult heart disease could help identify individuals requiring monitoring or intervention. Brain-type natriuretic peptide is a useful biomarker for heart disease in chimpanzees, which has important clinical relevance for facilities that house captive chimpanzees.
Indigenous Peoples’ and modern Western ethics and educative leadership
Authors: Macpherson Reynold 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper relates Indigenous Peoples’ moral philosophies to modern Western ethical thinking that is evident in leading contemporary theories of educative leadership. It introduces Indigenous ethics in general and explains the philosophical research methodology used. It then reports Celtic, Māori, North American Indian and Canadian First Nations, Australian Aboriginal and Emirati ethical frameworks in greater detail and relates them to modern Western ethics prominent in contemporary theories of transformational, instructional, distributed, and ethical leadership. It finds that Indigenous philosophies emphasise the interconnectedness of humans and nature, spirituality in ethical decision-making, and collectivism, while Western frameworks often prioritise individualism and separate the spiritual from the secular. It suggests that leaders consider incorporating Indigenous perspectives on sustainability, social responsibility, and spirituality into curricula and educational practices, promoting global citizenship and ethical awareness. This will entail recognising customary laws and traditions, supporting decolonisation efforts, and ensuring accurate representation of Indigenous knowledge. By fostering mutual respect and understanding of diverse ethical traditions, educative leaders can create more inclusive, equitable educational environments that value the contributions of both Indigenous and Western moral philosophies.