bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous and Naloxone-Precipitated Withdrawal Behaviors From Chronic Opiates are Accompanied by Changes in N-Oleoylglycine and N-Oleoylalanine Levels in the Brain and Ameliorated by Treatment With These Mediators
Authors: Ayoub Samantha M. , Piscitelli Fabiana , Silvestri Cristoforo , Limebeer Cheryl L. , Rock Erin M. , Smoum Reem , Farag Mathew , de Almeida Hannah , Sullivan Megan T. , Lacroix Sébastien , Boubertakh Besma , Nallabelli Nayudu , Lichtman Aron H , Leri Francesco , Mechoulam Raphael , Di Marzo Vincenzo , Parker Linda A. 
Published: September 2021

Rationale: The endocannabinoidome mediators, N-Oleoylglycine (OlGly) and N-Oleoylalanine (OlAla), have been shown to reduce acute naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal affective and somatic responses.Objectives: To determine the role and mechanism of action of OlGly and OlAla in withdrawal responses from chronic exposure to opiates in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: Opiate withdrawal was produced: 1) spontaneously 24 h following chronic exposure to escalating doses of morphine over 14 days (Experiments 1 and 2) and steady-state exposure to heroin by minipumps for 12 days (Experiment 3), 2) by naloxone injection during steady-state heroin exposure (Experiment 4), 3) by naloxone injection during operant heroin self-administration (Experiment 5).Results: In Experiment 1, spontaneous morphine withdrawal produced somatic withdrawal reactions. The behavioral withdrawal reactions were accompanied by suppressed endogenous levels of OlGly in the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, N-Arachidonylglycerol and OlAla in the amygdala, 2-arachidonoylglycerol in the nucleus accumbens, amygdala and interoceptive insular cortex, and by changes in colonic microbiota composition. In Experiment 2, treatment with OlAla, but not OlGly, reduced spontaneous morphine withdrawal responses. In Experiment 3, OlAla attenuated spontaneous steady-state heroin withdrawal responses at both 5 and 20 mg/kg; OlGly only reduced withdrawal responses at the higher dose of 20 mg/kg. Experiment 4 demonstrated that naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal from steady-state exposure to heroin (7 mg/kg/day for 12 days) is accompanied by tissue-specific changes in brain or gut endocannabinoidome mediator, including OlGly and OlAla, levels and colonic microbiota composition, and that OlAla (5 mg/kg) attenuated behavioural withdrawal reactions, while also reversing some of the changes in brain and gut endocannabinoidome and gut microbiota induced by naloxone. Experiment 5 demonstrated that although OlAla (5 mg/kg) did not interfere with operant heroin self-administration on its own, it blocked naloxone-precipitated elevation of heroin self-administration behavior.Conclusion: These results suggest that OlAla and OlGly are two endogenous mediators whose brain concentrations respond to chronic opiate treatment and withdrawal concomitantly with changes in colon microbiota composition, and that OlAla may be more effective than OlGly in suppressing chronic opiate withdrawal responses.
Loop Diuretics Inhibit Ischemia-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Overload in Neurons via the Inhibition of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ and Na+ Channels
Authors: Katnik Christopher , Cuevas Javier 
Published: September 2021

One consequence of ischemic stroke is disruption of intracellular ionic homeostasis. Intracellular overload of both Na+ and Ca2+ has been linked to neuronal death in this pathophysiological state. The etiology of ionic imbalances resulting from stroke-induced ischemia and acidosis includes the dysregulation of multiple plasma membrane transport proteins, such as increased activity of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter-1 (NKCC-1). Experiments using NKCC1 antagonists, bumetanide (BMN) and ethacrynic acid (EA), were carried out to determine if inhibition of this cotransporter affects Na+ and Ca2+ overload observed following in vitro ischemia-acidosis. Fluorometric Ca2+ and Na+ measurements were performed using cultured cortical neurons, and measurements of whole-cell membrane currents were used to determine target(s) of BMN and EA, other than the electroneutral NKCC-1. Both BMN and EA depressed ischemia-acidosis induced [Ca2+]i overload without appreciably reducing [Na+]i increases. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels were inhibited by both BMN and EA with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 4 and 36 μM, respectively. Similarly, voltage-gated Na+ channels were blocked by BMN and EA with IC50 values of 13 and 30 μM, respectively. However, neither BMN nor EA affected currents mediated by acid-sensing ion channels or ionotropic glutamatergic receptors, both of which are known to produce [Ca2+]i overload following ischemia. Data suggest that loop diuretics effectively inhibit voltage-gated Ca2+ and Na+ channels at clinically relevant concentrations, and block of these channels by these compounds likely contributes to their clinical effects. Importantly, inhibition of these channels, and not NKCC1, by loop diuretics reduces [Ca2+]i overload in neurons during ischemia-acidosis, and thus BMN and EA could potentially be used therapeutically to lessen injury following ischemic stroke.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Abiotic-Stress-Responsive GRF Gene Family in Diploid Woodland Strawberry (Fragaria vesca)
Authors: Li Zhiqi , Xie Qian , Yan Jiahui , Chen Jianqing , Chen Qingxi 
Published: September 2021

Growth regulatory factors (GRF) are plant-specific transcription factors that play an important role in plant resistance to stress. This gene family in strawberry has not been investigated previously. In this study, 10 GRF genes were identified in the genome of the diploid woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca). Chromosome analysis showed that the 10 FvGRF genes were unevenly distributed on five chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis resolved the FvGRF proteins into five groups. Genes of similar structure were placed in the same group, which was indicative of functional redundance. Whole-genome duplication/segmental duplication and dispersed duplication events effectively promoted expansion of the strawberry GRF gene family. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis suggested that FvGRF genes played potential roles in the growth and development of vegetative organs. Expression profile analysis revealed that FvGRF3, FvGRF5, and FvGRF7 were up-regulated under low-temperature stress, FvGRF4 and FvGRF9 were up-regulated under high-temperature stress, FvGRF6 and FvGRF8 were up-regulated under drought stress, FvGRF3, FvGRF6, and FvGRF8 were up-regulated under salt stress, FvGRF2, FvGRF7, and FvGRF9 were up-regulated under salicylic acid treatment, and FvGRF3, FvGRF7, FvGRF9, and FvGRF10 were up-regulated under abscisic acid treatment. Promoter analysis indicated that FvGRF genes were involved in plant growth and development and stress response. These results provide a theoretical and empirical foundation for the elucidation of the mechanisms of abiotic stress responses in strawberry.
Text Creation in Novel Narrative
Authors: P Sudalaimani 
Published: September 2021

Exposition (SASATSGS) is a knowledge-based field used to explain the various elements and functions of story description. Morphology is the basis of exposition. The basis of exposition is the subtle units invisible to the language. The expositioners have developed some basic definitions for the creation of panual. The narrative or the story can be constructed by combining the events with the narrative. Through this, the narrator easily reaches the reader. Story programs can be integrated into time and causality. Novelists often rely on programs to build stories. Some people set up story shows in a linear manner in chronological order. Modern novelists have set up programs through causal communication. In this manner, the programmes have been dissolved. The reader with reading experience learns the causal connection and understands the story. Sundara Ramasamy, Jayamohan and Shobashakti have successfully set up the programmes of the story in a time-based series. The reader who reads their novels easily identifies the operating system of the story. In Nakulan's novel Dogs, a causal sequence has been adopted to coordinate the programmes. The reader who reads this could not immediately understand the flow of the story. They are a slightly difficult series. Charu Nivedita's novel 'Dekam' and MG Suresh's 'Spider' are in a causal sequence. Sundara Ramasamy and Shobashakti are seen in their novels in the same programme. Novels are divided into small elements based on the definition review and innovative results are available.
HUBUNGAN SIKAP PASIEN TERHADAP HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT PEKANBARU MEDICAL CENTER (PMC)
Authors: Maimun Nur , Arnawilis  , Feby Fayza Cindy , Asikin Nur 
Published: September 2021

Patient as service users have right and obligations to be hospitalized and patients also have the right to medical information in receiving medical practice services. This study aims to determine the relationship between patient attitudes towards the rights and obligations of being hospitalized in the hospital Pekanbaru Medical Center (PMC). This research method using observational analytic method with cross sectional design. The total sample used in this study 107 sample were taken as simpel random sampling. Chi square test is used to determine the relationship between variables. The data were processed using SPSS statistical software and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyzes. Of the result obtained of the study namely the relationship between patient attitude to the rights and obligations of patient with chi-suare obtained pvalue 0.016 (<0,05), the relationship of attitude patients to the rights and obligations of choosing a doctor and class of patient care with chi-square obtained pvalue 0,070 (<0,05), the relationship of patient attitudes to the right and obligations of confidentiality of disease by inpatient medical staff with chi-square obtained pvalue 0,000 (<0,05), the relationship of patient attitudes to the rights and obligations of consent to the patient treatment with chi-square obtained pvalue 0,000 (<0,05), the relationship of patient attitudes to the right and obligation of patient safety with chi-square obtained pvalue 0,000 (<0,05), the relationship between patient attitudes towards the right and obligations of patient safety with chi-square obtained pvalue 0,000 (<0,05). Suggestions in order to protect what has been achieved in this case is his ability as effort of service is getting better in the future
Keyword : Attitudes of patient, Rights and Obligations inpatient, Hospital
The use of Laissez-faire style by teachers of Learning Disabilities in English language according to some variables
Authors: Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem 
Published: September 2021

This study aimed at identifying the use of laissez-faire style in classroom management by teachers of learning disabilities in English language in the light of some variables. The study population consisted of all (60) teachers in the upper basic stage in Irbid Governorate. The study sample consisted of (30) male and female teachers. The study used the descriptive approach and developed a questionnaire as an instrument to collect data. The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences for the use of laissez-faire style due to the gender variable based on the calculated (t) value of (4.14), and the differences were in favor of males, as evidenced by their high mean score. The mean score for the responses of males teachers was (2.14), and for female teachers (1,83).
The Impact of Ethanol Sclerotherapy on ICSI Outcomes in Infertile Patients with Endometriomas Undergoing Controlled Ovarian Stimulation
Authors: KARAKIŞ Lale Susan , CAVKAYTAR Sabri , KARLİKAYA Güvenç , BAHCECİ Mustafa 
Published: September 2021

Objective: the aim of the study was to determine whether endometrioma aspiration and alcohol sclerotherapy performed prior to controlled ovarian stimulation has any beneficial effects on ICSI outcomes in patients with endometriomas.
Methods: The cycle characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of 103 patients with endometriomas who underwent ethanol sclerotherapy on day 2 of the controlled ovarian stimulation with a gonadotropin antagonist protocol were retrospectively compared with the cycle characteristics of 405 patients with endometriomas who did not receive scleroterapy before stimulation.
Results: No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of retrieved oocytes, metaphase II oocytes, fertilization and good quality embryo rates between the two groups. The clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and live birth rates were similar among the two groups. No major complications including intraperitoneal haemorrhage, peritonitis, ovarian abscess or intestinal perforation were recorded.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that ethanol sclerotherapy does not improve ICSI outcomes when performed right before ovarian stimulation and without concomittant GnRH analogue administration. Since it is a simple outpatient procedure without significant complications, ethanol sclerotherapy may be performed prior to IVF as an alternative to surgery to improve the accessibility of follicles and monitoring of follicle growth in patients with large endometriomas and for those patients with intractable pain symptoms, without decreasing the ovarian reserve.
Emerging Challenges in Rural Non-Farm Sector and Inequality in Rural India
Authors: Devi Bisla , Ranganathan Thiagu 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This paper highlights the changing patterns of income diversification and the effects of various socio-economic factors influencing the non-farm (NF) income of rural households in India. The study also explores the inequality effects of the non-farm earnings of the households by using the Fields inequality decomposition.
Method: The study compares and evaluates the determinants and trends of inequality in 2004-2005 and 2011-2012 in the NF sector. It uses nationally representative data from two rounds of the Indian Household Development Survey (IHDS), which includes a panel of 36,278 households at all levels in India. The Censored Least Absolute Deviation (CLAD) model is used to estimate household determinants for non-farm income. The Fields decomposition decomposes total income inequality by considering the socio-economic factors.
Results: The study finds that variations in non-farm earnings have increased. Field's Income Inequality Decomposition estimates show that income inequalities between households are significantly high due to factors such as education, level of the household head, land ownership, and population density, but also appear to be declining in 2011-12. Also, the earning gaps based on gender, age, and geographical zones have increased.
Implications: Overall, the non-farm income during the studied period was observed to be biased towards the better-off households. However, it opened up opportunities for underprivileged households as well. The non-farm sector has huge potential in augmenting incomes for unprivileged rural households. Therefore, the government should pay attention to this sector as a means of reducing income inequality and alleviating poverty.
THOR: An Algorithm for Cadence-independent Asteroid Discovery
Authors: Moeyens Joachim , Jurić Mario , Ford Jes , Bektešević Dino , Connolly Andrew J. , Eggl Siegfried , Ivezić Željko , Jones R. Lynne , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Smotherman Hayden 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present “Tracklet-less Heliocentric Orbit Recovery” (THOR), an algorithm for linking of observations of Solar System objects across multiple epochs that does not require intranight tracklets or a predefined cadence of observations within a search window. By sparsely covering regions of interest in the phase space with “test orbits,” transforming nearby observations over a few nights into the corotating frame of the test orbit at each epoch, and then performing a generalized Hough transform on the transformed detections followed by orbit determination filtering, candidate clusters of observations belonging to the same objects can be recovered at moderate computational cost and with little to no constraint on cadence. We validate the effectiveness of this approach by running on simulations as well as on real data from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). Applied to a short, two-week slice of ZTF observations, we demonstrate THOR can recover 97.4% of all previously known and discoverable objects in the targeted (a > 1.7 au) population with five or more observations and with purity between 97.7% and 100%. This includes 10 likely new discoveries, and a recovery of an e ∼ 1 comet C/2018 U1 (the comet would have been a ZTF discovery had THOR been running in 2018 when the data were taken). The THOR package and demo Jupyter notebooks are open source and available at https://github.com/moeyensj/thor.
Pédagogie et subjectivation. La recherche-action « Ateliers-classes PRÉAUT »
Authors: Hubert-Barthélémy Annick , Grespin Graciela C. , Mascarenhas Fernandes Claudia , Trouvé Jean-Noël 
Published: September 2021

Cet article plonge au cœur des débats actuels sur les prises en charge des troubles du spectre autistique. Reprenant les aspects historiques de l’évolution des conceptions de l’« enfant déficient », il montre comment l’approche des « ateliers-classes », entre cognition et subjectivation, est un dispositif qui proposerait une reprise de la situation inaugurale de l’entrée dans l’aliénation primordiale, mais dans des termes qui tiennent compte des particularités et des déficits cognitifs de l’enfant pour y répondre. C’est sans doute le point fort de ce dispositif qui vise, certes, le développement des compétences cognitives, mais tout en tenant compte de ce que la théorie psychanalytique nous apprend sur l’émergence subjective.
Liens et séparation : le paradoxe du placement familial
Authors: Martinez Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2021

L’auteur souligne les paradoxes du placement familial : comment désigner le lien essentiel de l’enfant avec ses parents, avec sa mère biologique, et en même temps admettre qu’il faille quelquefois séparer l’enfant de ses parents pour son propre développement ? Comment ne jamais nier la nature des liens reliant un enfant à ses parents d’origine mais ne pas dénier la production d’un lien autre entre enfant et famille d’accueil ? Comment rendre alors ces paradoxes supportables pour l’enfant qui grandit en famille d’accueil ?
Comment humaniser les enfants d'aujourd'hui ?
Authors: Pellé Arlette 
Published: September 2021

L’auteur constate le changement de malaise dans la civilisation. Du temps de Freud, la cause en était la répression pulsionnelle et les figures de grand Autre. Aujourd’hui, il s’agit de réprimer la jouissance pulsionnelle de l’enfant mais sans retourner à la figure de l’autoritarisme. L’enfant doit alors passer par les deux temps du freinage de la pulsion avec l’entrée dans le langage et l’insertion dans la Loi sociale, auparavant facilitée par le discours du père. Mais actuellement, l’enfant peut-il s’appuyer sur le père qui souvent s’en tient à rester un fils ? Les mythes et les rites aidaient aussi à ce passage mais avec la toute-puissance du marché et de l’image, l’enfant n’est guère limité dans sa jouissance, au contraire.
Comment prendre soin d'un enfant dans ce contexte de pénurie ?
Authors: Irzenski Liliane 
Published: September 2021

C’est de sa place de pédopsychiatre et psychanalyste que Liliane Irzenski s’adresse à tous les professionnels, avec des propos critiques très engagés sur la manière dont sont soignés ou mal soignés justement les enfants. Le contexte de crise et de chômage durable devrait être évoqué au regard des symptômes développés par les familles et les enfants. L’auteur dénonce fortement aussi le libéralisme ambiant, tout comme les faux remèdes comme la médicalisation très précoce, le vouloir guérir sans voir la subjectivité de chacun. L’école est critiquable dans sa volonté de sélectionner les enfants jeunes ou de classer leurs symptômes en « dys » multiples. Prendre soin d’un enfant qui a été maltraité et qui ne doit plus l’être est donc indissociable d’une prise de conscience du contexte socio-politique maltraitant dans lequel nous vivons, et qui infiltre chaque institution.
Le groupe de pères d'accueil du foyer de placement familial Hélène-Weksler de l'OSE
Authors: Rojas Rafael 
Published: September 2021

Après une première partie de présentation des textes de loi et des théories sur la place du père de famille, l’auteur rappelle avec précision ce qu’est et ne peut être le père de la famille d’accueil et mari de l’assistante familiale. Puis il présente le cas d’un groupe de parole fonctionnant depuis plus de cinq ans, regroupant des pères de famille d’accueil pouvant discuter une fois par mois sur les thèmes qu’ils choisissent en présence d’un psychologue clinicien. En conclusion sur le fonctionnement de ce groupe très riche en réflexion : notre analyse nous permet de conclure à une évolution du groupe de pères d’accueil en termes de maturation. Bien que d’autres approches puissent être envisagées, nous considérons, par analogie, ce processus comme une -maturation adolescente : de la séparation-individuation (reconnaissance de la spécificité de leur rôle, sentiment identitaire d’être utiles en tant que pères d’accueil) vers la rébellion puis de la projection-conviction de leur capacité d’être parents – par suppléance – ils se hisseront vers la conquête critique d’une place dans la société adulte et l’univers institutionnel.
Alternatives au placement familial traditionnel. L'expérience du SAPMN de Nîmes
Authors: Thomasset Jean-Pierre , Pétry Philippe 
Published: September 2021

L’entretien présente une expérience de placement familial novatrice car l’enfant est placé dans sa famille. Le SAPMN (service d’adaptation progressive en milieu naturel) de Nîmes, depuis 1981, propose une solution « entre internat et AEMO ». Ce service a un statut de MECS mais les enfants restent hébergés chez les parents. L’expérience part d’une lecture originale des textes : « La loi ne dit pas que placer un enfant, c’est le déplacer physiquement. Elle dit seulement que l’on confie à un tiers la responsabilité éducative quotidienne. » Le magistrat indique à la famille qu’il confie l’enfant à une maison d’enfants mais que celui-ci vivra au domicile familial. Cette mesure donne le pouvoir à la maison d’enfants de suspendre l’hébergement soit à la demande de la famille, soit en cas de danger. Pour l’éducateur, cela implique de ne plus « faire à la place » des parents mais d’accompagner pour « faire avec » et parfois pour « faire faire ». Cela suppose aussi une grande vigilance car les différences de place ne sont plus marquées par les murs, l’intervenant doit donc sans cesse interroger la différence des places « dans sa tête ».
Chemical and physical properties of fats produced by chemical interesterification of tallow with vegetable oils
Authors: Aktas A.B. , Ozen B. 
Published: September 2021

This study aims at manufacturing structured lipids by chemical interesterification (CI) of beef tallow with corn, canola and safflower oils individually at various tallow blend ratios (60, 70, 80%) and catalyst concentrations (0.75, 0.875, 1%). Several physical and chemical properties of interesterified products were determined and data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Interesterified lipids were more spreadable and showed plastic behavior due to their lower consistency and solid fat contents. Decreases in melting points to a temperature range of 26.5-45.5 °C regardless of oil type were observed. Interesterified fats displayed mostly β’ and β’+β crystal forms. The CI of tallow did not result in the formation of significant amounts of trans-fatty acids. Samples interesterified with corn oil had lower free fatty acid contents (1.87-3.9%) and higher oxidation induction times (3.82-12.25h) than other lipids. Therefore, fats containing corn oil-tallow could be used in the baking industry due to their potentially good aeration properties and smooth texture.