bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Experience of 210 Pediatric Patients With Extraordinary Daytime Urinary Frequency: A Prospective Study
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Ying , Liu Chao , Li Xiang , Zhou Qi , Sun Chao , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2021

Background: Lactulose can be used to manage chronic constipation and children who are withholding their bowel movements, but no studies are available regarding lactulose to treat pediatric extraordinary daytime urinary frequency (PEDUF). To explore the benefits of different therapeutic regimens (non-drug treatment vs. oral lactulose) in patients with PEDUF.Methods: This prospective study included PEDUF patients admitted to the Pediatric Center of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) from January 2015 to December 2019. The patients randomized received non-drug treatment (counseling), drug treatment (lactulose), or combination therapy. A therapeutic effect was defined by a decrease of&gt;10% of the urination frequency.Results: A total of 210 patients were included. They were 5.9 ± 0.4 years. There were 98 boys and 112 girls. Among the 210 patients, 82.4% (173/210) of their family members reported symptoms of constipation. Among the three groups, the response rate was 61.4% (43/70) in the non-drug treatment group, 90.0% (63/70) in the drug treatment group, and 91.4% (64/70) in the combination therapy group (P &lt; 0.0001).Conclusion: The frequency of constipation in children with PEDUF is high. The use of a laxative, like lactulose, might achieve a high therapeutic response rate in children with PEDUF, higher than counseling alone. That might represent a valuable therapeutic strategy for PEDUF.
Global Research Trends in Pediatric Trauma From 1968 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ahmad Tauseef , Hua Linlin , Khan Muhammad , Nabi Ghulam , Khan Suliman , Çinar İlgün Özen ,   Haroon, Jalal Sajid , Baig Mukhtiar , Jin Hui , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Every year, millions of children die from preventable causes worldwide. According to World Health Organization, injuries are the leading cause of disability and death among all age groups below 60 years.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the global research outcomes and trends, and some key bibliometric indicators in pediatric trauma.Methods: A descriptive bibliometric analysis study was designed. On June 14, 2021, an electronic search was performed in the Web of Science Core Collection database using the potential searching keywords “Pediatric AND Trauma” in the title field without any limitations. The search was performed using the Boolean search query method. The data were downloaded in plaintext and comma-separated values format. The required graphs were generated using OriginPro 2018. Furthermore, the data were transferred to HistCite™ software for bibliometric analysis. In addition, the obtained data were plotted for network visualization mapping using VOSviewer software version 1.6.15 for windows.Results: A total of 2,269 documents were included in the final analysis. The included documents were authored by 7,894 authors and published in 395 research and academic journals, mainly in the English language (n = 2,222). The main document types were articles (n = 1,276, citations = 18,244), and meeting abstracts (n = 331, citations = 19). Pediatric (n = 2,269) and trauma (n = 2,257) were the most widely used keywords. The most productive year was 2019 (n = 184, citations = 527). The most prolific author was Upperman JS (n = 29, citations = 202). The most attractive journals in pediatric trauma research were The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (n = 290, citations = 5,199) and the Journal of Pediatric Surgery (n = 256, citations = 5,088). The most active institute was the University of California System (n = 110). The most dominant country was the United States of America (USA) (n = 1,620, citations = 22,983). The USA and Canada had the highest total link strength, 103 and 70, respectively.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive overview of research output in pediatric trauma. The USA continues to dominate scientific research and funding in pediatric trauma. Findings of the current study will help the researchers and clinicians to understand the recent achievements and research frontiers. Collaborative research initiative needs to be established between institutions in developed and developing countries and among researchers.
Dual Viscosity Mixture Vehicle for Intratympanic Dexamethasone Delivery Can Block Ototoxic Hearing Loss
Authors: Li Hui , Suh Myung-Whan , Oh Seung Ha 
Published: October 2021

Clinically there is no effective method to prevent drug induced hearing loss in patients undergoing chemotherapy and anti-tuberculosis therapy. In this study, we developed an intratympanic (IT) local drug delivery vehicle featuring hyaluronic acid-based dual viscosity mixture encapsulation of dexamethasone (D), named dual-vehicle + D, and assessed its protective effect in ototoxic hearing loss. We assessed the residence time, biocompatibility, and treatment outcome of the novel vehicle compared with the current standard of care vehicle (saline) and control conditions. The hearing threshold and hair cell count were significantly better in the dual-vehicle + D group compared to the other two groups. The final hearing benefit in the dual-vehicle group was approximately 25–35 dB, which is significant from a clinical point of view. Morphologic evaluation of the cochlear hair cells also supported this finding. Due to the high viscosity and adhesive property of the vehicle, the residence time of the vehicle was 49 days in the dual-vehicle + D group, whereas it was less than 24 h in the saline + D group. There was no sign of inflammation or infection in all the animals. From this study we were able to confirm that dual viscosity mixture vehicle for IT D delivery can effectively block ototoxic hearing loss.
The Choice Point Model of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy With Inpatient Substance Use and Co-occurring Populations: A Pilot Study
Authors: Berman Brian M. , Kurlancheek Kris 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an empirically supported treatment which aims to enhance self-acceptance and a commitment to core values. The present study examined the effectiveness of the Choice Point model of ACT in a residential substance use disorder (SUD) setting. Choice Point is a contemporary approach to ACT and targets transdiagnostic processes.Methods: This uncontrolled quasi-experimental design assessed 47 participants taking part in Choice Point for Substances (CHOPS) in order to investigate its influence on psychological inflexibility, values-based action, and self-compassion over time. The study additionally assessed for sleeper effects and associations between transdiagnostic processes and warning signs of relapse.Results: Findings demonstrated a decrease in psychological inflexibility and increases in values-based action and self-compassion over time. Gains were maintained at follow-up, and sleeper effects were observed for psychological inflexibility and mindfulness. Correlational analysis suggested that all transdiagnostic processes were related to warning signs of relapse at follow-up.Conclusion: These results provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of CHOPS for SUD. Observed sleeper effects in psychological inflexibility and mindfulness indicate that CHOPS may provide longer-term benefits critical to a population where relapse is common. While encouraging, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Future research should utilize comparison groups when investigating CHOPS.
Meta-Analysis on the Association of Neuropeptide Y rs16139 Variant With the Risk of Alcoholism
Authors: Chen Biqing , Yadav Manish , Mulkalwar Madhubala , Saikrishna Lakkakula , Verma Henu , Ye Weibing , Bhaskar L. V. K. S. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The neuropeptide-Y (NPY) is involved in the development of alcoholism through NPY receptors. A T&gt;C mutation causes substitution of leucine to proline at codon 7 (L7P; rs16139) in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y is known to cause a 42% increase in plasma NPY levels. Studies that analyzed the association between NPY rs16139 and alcoholism risk did not demonstrate conclusive evidence for this relationship. The present study aims to evaluate the association between NPY gene rs16139 variant and alcohol dependence.Method: An electronic search of databases including PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to retrieve studies investigating the association between NPY rs16139 and alcoholism. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated in allelic and dominant genetic models. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were assessed in our meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted using the MetaGenyo web tool.Result: Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (p &lt; 0.001). Our results have shown that there is no significant association between NPY rs16139 variant and the risk of alcoholism in allelic (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.70–1.38, p = 0.921) and dominant models (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.69–1.40, p = 0.919). Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test have not shown publication bias (p = 0.332).Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that evaluates the relationship between the NPY rs16139 polymorphism and the risk of alcoholism. Our large-scale meta-analysis suggests that NPY rs16139 polymorphism is not associated with alcoholism. However, further studies are needed to increase our understanding of the relationship between NPY variants in alcoholism.
Causal Associations Between Educational Attainment and 14 Urological and Reproductive Health Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Menghua , Jian Zhongyu , Gao Xiaoshuai , Yuan Chi , Jin Xi , Li Hong , Wang Kunjie 
Published: October 2021

Background: The impact of educational attainment (EA) on multiple urological and reproductive health outcomes has been explored in observational studies. Here we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate whether EA has causal effects on 14 urological and reproductive health outcomes.Methods: We obtained summary statistics for EA and 14 urological and reproductive health outcomes from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). MR analyses were applied to explore the potential causal association between EA and them. Inverse variance weighted was the primary analytical method.Results: Genetically predicted one standard deviation (SD) increase in EA was causally associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR) 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.25, P = 0.003] and a reduced risk of kidney stone (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62–0.87, P &lt; 0.001) and cystitis (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67–0.86, P &lt; 0.001) after Bonferroni correction. EA was also suggestively correlated with a lower risk of prostatitis (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59–0.98, P = 0.037) and incontinence (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47–0.87, P = 0.004). For the bioavailable testosterone levels and infertility, sex-specific associations were observed, with genetically determined increased EA being related to higher levels of testosterone in men (β 0.07, 95% CI 0.04–0.10, P &lt; 0.001), lower levels of testosterone in women (β −0.13, 95% CI−0.16 to−0.11, P &lt; 0.001), and a lower risk of infertility in women (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.64–0.86, P &lt; 0.001) but was not related to male infertility (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.52–1.20, P = 0.269) after Bonferroni correction. For bladder cancer, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and erectile dysfunction, no causal effects were observed.Conclusions: EA plays a vital role in urological diseases, especially in non-oncological outcomes and reproductive health. These findings should be verified in further studies when GWAS data are sufficient.
A Novel End-to-End Biliary-to-Biliary Anastomosis Technique for Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injury of Strasberg-Bismuth E1-4 Treatment: A Retrospective Study and in vivo Assessment
Authors: Ma Dong , Liu Pengpeng , Lan Jianwei , Chen Baiyang , Gu Yang , Li Yun , Yue Pengpeng , Liu Zhisu , Guo Deliang 
Published: October 2021

Background: An iatrogenic bile duct injury (IBDI) is a severe complication that has a great impact on the physical and mental quality of life of the patients, especially for patients with postoperative benign biliary stricture. The effective measures for end-to-end biliary-to-biliary anastomosis intraoperative are essential to prevent the postoperative bile duct stricture, but also a challenge even to the most skilled biliary tract surgeon.Objective: A postoperative benign biliary stricture is an extremely intractable complication that occurs following IBDI. This study aimed to introduce a novel end-to-end biliary-to-biliary anastomosis technique named fish-mouth-shaped (FMS) end-to-end biliary-to-biliary reconstruction and determine the safety and effectiveness for preventing the postoperative benign biliary stricture in both rats and humans.Methods: In this study, 18 patients with biliary injury who underwent an FMS reconstruction procedure were retrospectively analyzed. Their general information, disease of the first hospitalization, operation method, and classification of bile duct injury (BDI) were collected. The postoperative complications were evaluated immediately perioperatively and the long-term complications were followed up at the later period of at least 5 years. An IBDI animal model using 18 male rats was developed for animal-based evaluations. A bile duct diathermy injury model was used to mimic BDI. The FMS group underwent an FMS reconstruction procedure while the control group underwent common end-to-end biliary-to-biliary anastomosis, a sham operation group was also established. The blood samples, liver, spleen, and common bile duct tissues were harvested for further assessments.Results: In the retrospective study, there was no postoperative mortality and no patient developed cholangitis during the 5-years postoperation follow-up. In the study of IBDI animal models, compared with the control group, the FMS reconstruction procedure reduced the occurrence of benign biliary stenosis, liver function damage, and jaundice. The blood tests as well as morphological and pathological observations revealed that rats in the FMS reconstruction group had a better recovery than those in the control group.Conclusions: An FMS reconstruction procedure is a safe and efficient BDI treatment method.
Revisão de intervenções cognitivas em pacientes com Afasia Progressiva Primária
Authors: Reuwsaat Vieira Karin , Carvalho Ariane Cristina Ramello de , Miotto Eliane Correa 
Published: October 2021

Introdução. A afasia progressiva primária (APP) é uma síndrome clínica caracterizada pelo comprometimento da fala e da linguagem decorrente da neurodegeneração das redes neurais. Objetivo. Analisar as técnicas ecológicas de reabilitação neuropsicológica e a sua efetividade no tratamento de indivíduos com APP por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura. Método. Foram selecionados, no PubMed, 42 estudos em pacientes com idade entre 50 e 80 anos e com diagnóstico APP, usando os descritores Primary Progressive Aphasia/rehabilitation/therapy publicados entre 2014 e 2020. Destes, foram excluídos os estudos de caso e aqueles com tratamentos medicamentosos ou com estimulação transcraniana. Resultados. Cinco publicações foram selecionadas seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os estudos construíram a base das técnicas de estimulação da nomeação através da apresentação de imagens com seus respectivos nomes. Estudos avançaram em treinar com variações nas imagens de mesmo conteúdo para analisar a generalização da aprendizagem. Conclusão. Dentre os estudos selecionados pode se observar uma melhora significante nos pacientes de APP, tanto com a generalização como na manutenção. Portanto, a intervenção de nomeação de imagens contribui para proteção ou melhora da função linguística em declínio nesse grupo de pacientes. Entretanto, existem poucos estudos com amostragem randomizada e com grupo controle para avaliar os efeitos de reabilitação neuropsicológica de pacientes com APP.
Utilization of E-Learning in Optimizing Madrasah Al-Quran and Al-Hadith Learning
Authors: Choirul Anam  , Evi Fatimatur Rusydiyah  
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of madrasah e-learning in optimizing the learning of al-quran hadith for Class VII students of MTsN 1 Bojonegoro. The research design used in this study includes field research. With a qualitative research approach. This research was conducted at MTsN 1 Bojonergoro. Data collection techniques in this study used structured and in-depth interviews regarding optimizing the use of e-learning madrasas in al-quran hadith subjects and data analysis in this study using interactive models, data reduction, drawing conclusions and verification. While the results of this study used madrasah e-learning at MTsN 1 Bojonegoro has been running optimally for implementing distance learning. The problem that occurs in learning using E-learning was on the internet network and the quota must be sufficient for students and teachers because sometimes students and teachers who live in remote areas and did not have internet quotas were very difficult to access. so that quota assistance was needed for students and teachers so that learning using e-learning continues to run optimally.
Psychological Mechanisms of Formation and Prevention of Individual Psychological Maladjustment of the Personali
Authors: Goncharova Natal'ya 
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Maladaptive personality behavior is one of the research subjects of deviant behavior, and from the point of view of the social-normative criterion contradicts the tasks of harmonious adaptation of a person. This makes it difficult to perform professional functions, causes industrial conflicts, disorganization of all kinds of activity and crises being an urgent problem of a psychological, social and personal nature. The study of individual psychological mechanisms and criteria for disadaptation makes it possible to determine the psychological mechanisms of its formation and to prevent the negative consequences of maladjustment using a multilevel integral analysis of its different variations.
Objectives. The aim of the article is to establish the actual characteristics of individual psychological maladjustment and to determine the mechanisms of its formation as a condition for prevention.
Research progress. The research specifies the current risks of personality maladjustment associated with the factors of the virtual space, isolation of the individual from the conditions of real interaction, the duration of the pandemic. The analysis of the factors determining individual psychological maladjustment, the stability of the genesis of which is noted in the overwhelming majority of studies is carried out. The study clarifies the concept of the psychological mechanism of the formation of deviant behavior in general and maladjustment in various specific spheres of human activity.
Conclusions. The formation of individual psychological maladjustment of the personality is subject to the action of multilevel universal mechanisms, which are practically not discussed in current empirical works. Further studies will be needed to examine private and general mechanisms of behavior deviating from the norm as well as its consequence, that is the formation of maladaptive individual psychological characteristics. The system of multilevel integral connections being activated in accordance with the principles of consistency, stability and differentiation, acts as a mechanism of individual psychological maladjustment.
To carry out the tasks of preventing individual psychological maladjustment, it is necessary to study the methodology of analyzing causal and teleological relations.
Predicting the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders
Authors: Kirillova Elena , Zueva Evgeniya 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the research problem is confirmed by statistics on juvenile delinquency, as well as by legal acts. The problem of predicting the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders is reviewed through description of static and dynamic risk factors for repeated offenses. One of the findings of the study is that it is the personal features that determine deviant behavior, whereas the situational factors play the role of modulators.
A review of the literature sources allows us to conclude that personality traits are related to criminal behavior, which makes it possible to predict the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders.
Aim of the study is to identify the personal characteristics that determine the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders.
Methodology, methods and techniques. The methodological basis of the research is a dispositional approach to the study of personality, which assumes their readiness for a certain behavior, repeated in various situations, formed as a result of the interaction of objective and subjective factors.
Research methods: The following methods were used to conduct the study: the personal questionnaire of G. Eysenck EPQ; the questionnaire of the level of aggressiveness of A. Bass and A. Darkee; the individual typological questionnaire of L. N. Sobchik (ITQ); the personal questionnaire «Mini-cartoon» (abbreviated version of MMPI) in the adaptation of F. B. Berezin and M. P. Miroshnikov; the Freiburg multifactorial personality questionnaire FPI (form B).
Findings of the study: A comparative analysis of the individual psychological characteristics of juvenile offenders and participants of the control group with normative behavior showed multiple statistically significant differences in assessments for 36 variables out of 55 (65.5 %). Discriminant analysis allowed us to determine 8 common features of “deviance-law-abidance”: aggression, hostility, irritability, guilt, psychopathy, neuroticism, introversion, open attitude.
They act as prognostic criteria for deviant behavior of adolescents and discriminate against subjects with a prediction accuracy of 97%.
Scientific novelty of the research consists in enhancing and clarifying awareness of personality traits of deviant adolescents who have committed crimes, as well as predicting deviant behavior.
Practical significance: The patterns and recommendations obtained can be useful in preventive, educational, correctional work, and family counseling. The identified personality traits of deviant behavior can be used as prognostic criteria for identifying deviations at the early stages of socialization of children and adolescents.