bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel single-step synthesis and shape transformation of Au/CuO micro/nanocomposites using plasma-liquid interaction
Authors: Boruah Palash Jyoti , Khanikar Rakesh Ruchel , Bailung H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report a novel single-step synthesis method of metal/metal oxide composites and transformation of the shape of the oxide material by Plasma-Liquid Interaction. Considering the potential applications of noble metal nanoparticle decorated copper oxide composites, we synthesize Au/CuO micro/nanocomposites by generating plasma between two copper electrodes inside a gold precursor (HAuCl4) solution. Simultaneous synthesis of CuO and Au nanoparticles from the electrode material and from the precursor solution respectively is possible due to the interaction of energetic electrons and other active species formed in the plasma zone. Moreover, the process does not require any external stabilizing and reducing chemical agents. The method provides a remarkable tunability of the materials’ physical and chemical properties by only controlling the precursor solution concentration. By controlling process parameters, the shape of CuO particles can be transformed from spindles to sheet-like and the size of Au nanoparticles can also be varied. It influences the particles’ specific surface area and total pore volume. Plasmonic property of Au nanoparticles is also observed i.e. optical tunability can be achieved. The process is found to be effective for synthesis of desired nanomaterials having various energy storage and solar light-driven photocatalytic applications.
NaYF4:Yb/Tm@SiO2-Dox/Cur-CS/OSA nanoparticles with pH and photon responses
Authors: Qi Xiaoling , Han Yingdong , Liu Shujing , Hu Haofeng , Cheng Zhenzhou , Liu Tiegen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Stimulus-triggered drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted significant attention for treating cancers due to their merits of high drug availability, precisely controlled drug release, and low side-effects. However, such DDSs usually exhibit a single stimulus-response, which may limit the efficiency of cancer treatment. To extend response types in a single DDS, we construct NaYF4:Yb/Tm@SiO2-doxorubicin (Dox)/curcumin (Cur)-chitosan (CS)/2-Octen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride (OSA) nanoparticles with core-shell structures. Our method is based on the exploration of the synergistic effect of UCNPs and multiple drugs. In particular, the NaYF4:Yb/Tm is used to convert near-infrared light to visible light, activating Cur photosensitizers to produce singlet oxygen for photodynamic therapy, while CS/OSA responds to a low pH environment to release cancer drugs, including Dox and Cur for chemotherapy through breaking a free carboxyl group. The results show that the UCNPs with a 40 nm diameter, 23 nm thick mesoporous SiO2, and 19/1 mol% Yb3+/Tm3+concentrations could continuously release Dox and Cur at a pH value of 6.5 within 6 h after the excitation of a 980 nm-wavelength CW laser. Our study provides a promising approach for developing efficient DDSs for cancer treatment.
Normally-off AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors on Si substrate with selective barrier regrowth in ohmic regions
Authors: Jiang Weihong , Tang Haipeng , Bardwell Jennifer A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we report the fabrication of a normally-off AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) using an ultra-thin AlGaN barrier layer structure on Si (111) substrate. Additional AlGaN layers were selectively regrown only on the ohmic contact areas. The fabricated device exhibits a positive threshold voltage of 0.3 V, a maximum drain output current of 753 mA mm−1 at gate voltage of +4 V, and low gate leakage of 1.2 × 10−7 A mm−1. The selective area growth method shows a promising way to achieve normally-off GaN based HEMTs with very good performance.
Minimal length, Berry phase and spin-orbit interactions
Authors: Aghababaei S , Moradpour H , Rezaei G , Khorshidian S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Bearing the perturbation method in mind, and by focusing on the first order of approximation, the effect of Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) on the Berry phase is investigated. Thereinafter, we apply the obtained formulation to quantum ring including two sorts of spin-orbit interactions, namely Rashba and Dresselhaus interactions, which are accessible for electrons. Finally, a comparison between the results and the accuracy of Berry phase detectors helps us in finding out β
0 < 1046 and β
0 < 1051 as the upper bounds on the GUP parameter inflicted by the Rashba and Dresselhaus interactions, respectively.
Tight focusing of the centrosymmetric shape of hybrid polarized beams by adjustable multi-vortex phases
Authors: Ji Kailai , Qin Yali , Liu Xiaoxu , Zheng Huan , Ren Hongliang , Hu Yingtian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose an approach for achieving various centrosymmetric shapes by employing hybrid polarized Bessel–Gaussian (HPBG) beams with multi-vortex phases, which are obtained by embedding a few first-order off-axis topological charges into vortices separated by equal arc lengths of a circle. According to the Debye–Wolf electromagnetic diffraction formula (which is routinely used to describe focusing by high numerical aperture optical systems), we investigate the evolution of tightly focused intensity profiles of the HPBG beams with multi-vortex phases (which are the vectorial electric field of radial and azimuthal polarization), by tuning the positional vectors of the embedded vortex phases, the number of vortex phases and the ratio of radial to azimuthal polarization of the hybrid polarization. The simulation results show that the number of vortex phases is equal to the number of vertices of hollow polygons, increasing the magnitude of polar vector leads to deformation of the hollow polygons, and that the ratio of the radial and azimuthal polarization magnitudes affects the edge sharpness of the hollow polygon in the focal plane, respectively. We can produce triangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, and inner crosses in the central hollow region, and outer crosses, embedded stars and snowflakes by manipulating the numbers and sites of multi-vortex phase singularities. The focusing structures are robust to noise and maintain a limited thickness along the optical axis. These specific intensity profiles are significant for potential applications including the trapping of multiple micro-sized particles, nonlinear optics, optical beam shaping, and optical telecommunication applications.
Rescattering mechanism of weak decays of double-charm baryons *
Authors: Han Jia-Jie , Jiang Hua-Yu , Liu Wei , Xiao Zhen-Jun , Yu Fu-Sheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The doubly charmed baryon

was recently observed by LHCb via the decay processes of

and

. These discovery channels were successfully predicted in a framework in which the short-distance contributions are calculated under the factorization hypothesis and the long-distance contributions are estimated using the rescattering mechanism for the final-state-interaction effects. In this paper, we illustrate the above framework in detail by systematic studies on the two-body baryonic decays

involving the doubly charmed baryons

, the singly charmed baryons

and the light pseudoscalar mesons

.
Towards semantic fMRI neurofeedback: navigating among mental states using real-time representational similarity analysis
Authors: Russo Andrea G , Lührs Michael , Di Salle Francesco , Esposito Fabrizio , Goebel Rainer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective. Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-NF) is a non-invasive MRI procedure allowing examined participants to learn to self-regulate brain activity by performing mental tasks. A novel two-step rt-fMRI-NF procedure is proposed whereby the feedback display is updated in real-time based on high-level representations of experimental stimuli (e.g. objects to imagine) via real-time representational similarity analysis of multi-voxel patterns of brain activity. Approach. In a localizer session, the stimuli become associated with anchored points on a two-dimensional representational space where distances approximate between-pattern (dis)similarities. In the NF session, participants modulate their brain response, displayed as a movable point, to engage in a specific neural representation. The developed method pipeline is verified in a proof-of-concept rt-fMRI-NF study at 7 T involving a single healthy participant imagining concrete objects. Based on this data and artificial data sets with similar (simulated) spatio-temporal structure and variable (injected) signal and noise, the dependence on noise is systematically assessed. Main results. The participant in the proof-of-concept study exhibited robust activation patterns in the localizer session and managed to control the neural representation of a stimulus towards the selected target in the NF session. The offline analyses validated the rt-fMRI-NF results, showing that the rapid convergence to the target representation is noise-dependent. Significance. Our proof-of-concept study introduces a new NF method allowing the participant to navigate among different mental states. Compared to traditional NF designs (e.g. using a thermometer display to set the level of the neural signal), the proposed approach provides content-specific feedback to the participant and extra degrees of freedom to the experimenter enabling real-time control of the neural activity towards a target brain state without suggesting a specific mental strategy to the subject.
Thermal behavior of small magnets
Authors: Herron Lukas , Dixit Purushottam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While the canonical ensemble has been tremendously successful in capturing statistical properties of large systems, deviations from canonical behavior exhibited by small systems are not well understood. Here, using a two-dimensional small Ising magnet embedded inside a larger heat bath, we characterize the failures of the canonical ensemble when describing small systems. We find significant deviations from the canonical behavior for small systems near and below the critical point. Notably, the agreement with the canonical ensemble is driven not by the system size but by the decoupling between the system and its surrounding. A superstatistical framework wherein we allow the temperature of the small magnet to vary is able to capture the statistics of the small magnet with significantly higher accuracy than the Gibbs–Boltzmann distribution. We discuss implications for experiments and future directions.
Application of geothermal physics to support geotourism development in Maluku Province
Authors: Souisa M , Sapulete S M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This investigation aims to determine the hydrophysical gradient and the distribution of shallow surface geothermal manifestations. Geothermal manifestation data acquisition using the hydrophysical method. The manifestation of surface geothermal at the research location is only used by the local community as a place for bathing, and there is no accurate data regarding the potential of geothermal so that it can be used as a development of tourist objects (geotourism). The results showed the distribution of temperature and conductivity of surface hot springs based on hot springs around geothermal energy, consisting of two locations, namely the locations of Tulehu Village, Salahutu Subdistrict, and Nalahia Village, Nusalaut Subdistrict. The Tulehu Village location consists of two loci that are the Hatuasa locus with surface temperature values ranging from (60.1 - 80.9) °C and conductivity values ranging from (0.69 - 0.95) W/m. °C, and Talanghaha locus locations surface temperature values range from (65.5 - 67.5) °C, and conductivity values ranging from (0.68 - 0.78) W/m.°C. Whereas the location of Nalahia Village consists of the Bantang locus which has a surface temperature value of (50.1 - 61.9) °C, and the conductivity value is (0.51 - 0.71) W/m.°C. For this reason, the hydrothermal conditions of geothermal manifestations in the two research sites can be developed into geothermal hot water and maximum therapy to improve the economy of the local community and the development of the geotourism sector in Maluku Province.
Improving of students’ critical thinking ability through learning based on CCM-CCA assisted virtual experiments on optical materials
Authors: Makhrus M , Ayub S , Wahyudi  , Verawati N N P S , Busyairi A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to improve students’ critical thinking skills of optical material through the application of CCM-CCA assisted by virtual experiments. The study was conducted using a mixed-method that is using the exploratory design. The subjects of this study were 30 students in the physics education study program. Students’ critical thinking skills are obtained through critical thinking tests. The results showed that the CCM-CCA assisted by virtual experiment was feasible to use for an optical material. Students’ critical thinking skills have increased in 5 indicators of critical thinking, namely basic clarification, basic decisions, inference, further explanation, reasoning. Learning instructions based CCM-CCA assisted with virtual experiments on optical materials are valid and can be used in learning. Students’ critical thinking skills have improved after learning with CCM CCA with the help of virtual experiments. The inference indicator experienced the highest increase among other indicators.
Development of digital handout on particle wave dualism material
Authors: Akhsan H , Rianti S , Muslim M , Ariska M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A valid and practical digital handout on particle wave dualism material was produced in this study. The adaptation of Rowntree product development model and Tessmer formative evaluation was used as the method on the Physics Education Study Program, FKIP, Sriwijaya University. The walkthrough and questionnaire techniques was used to collect data. The result showed the mean score for the validity of the digital handout was 4,53 for the design, content, and linguistic aspects with a highly valid category. The practicality average score in the one-to-one evaluation stage was 79,08% (practical) and in the small group evaluation stage was 84,59% (practical). The product can be used as an additional material in modern physics learning to improve students’ technological literacy.
Mechanical properties of composite board based on coconut coir and terminalia catappa fruit fibers with Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) Matrix
Authors: Susilawati  , Doyan A , Muliyadi L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The synthesis of composite board made from a mixture of coconut coir and Terminalia catappa fruit fibers using Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) matrix has been successfully carried out. The synthesis aims to determine the effect of a mixture of coconut coir and Terminalia catappa fruit fibers with PVAc matrix on the mechanical properties of the composite board. The samples were made with variations in the composition of the volume fraction of coir fiber and Terminalia catappa fruit fibers, namely (30:70), (40:60), (50:50), (60:40), and (70:30)%. The ratio of the volume fraction of the mixture of natural fibers and the PVAc) matrix made was (70:30)%. The sample production begins with taking the coconut coir and Terminalia catappa fruit, drying and cutting, then mixing the coconut coir and Terminalia catappa fruit fibers with a PVAc matrix, printing the composite with printing tools and drying. The finished sample was then mechanically tested using the UTM tool AnD, model R3010. The results showed that the value of the maximum tensile stress and the modulus of elasticity increased with the increase in the concentration of coir fibers used. The value added in length and strain decreased with the decrease in the concentration of coco fiber used. Overall, the composite sample has met the SNI 03-02105-2006 criteria where the maximum tensile stress value ranges from 8.21 MPa to 18.81 MPa and the modulus of elasticity ranges from 829.71 MPa to 1620.67 MPa.
Analysis of susceptible disaster region based on the peak ground acceleration and earthquake intensity in Mamasa 2018
Authors: Anugrayanti A , Arsyad M , Tiwow V A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to know the susceptible disaster region based on peak ground acceleration and earthquake intensity on earthquake study cases in Mamasa 2018. Data that is used in this research is data on earthquake cases in Mamasa 2018 that is gained from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) district IV Makassar, it included data of the time when the earthquake happened, latitude, longitudinal (, depth (< 60 km) and magnitude (≥ 5) SR. The calculation of on peak ground acceleration was conducted by using Donovan and Mc.Guirre methods, whereas to calculate the value of intensity, it is using the Wald method (1999). The result from the calculation of on peak ground acceleration by Donovan is 95.903 gal to 377.094 gals with the intensity VI to VIII MMI. Whereas the calculation result of on peak ground acceleration by Mc.Guirre method is 58.981 gal to 227.39 gals with the intensity V to VII MMI. MMI intensity of the Wald method is obtained by using the PGA value conversation Mc.Guirre method that is closer to the intensity of the result of the macroseismic survey in Mamasa District and relates with the damage that happened on location. The mapping of earthquake intensity based on PGA Mc.Guirre method shows that 3 (three) sub-districts that have an intensity of VII MMI, namely Tawalian Sub-district, Mamasa Sub-district, and Sesean Padang Sub-district. The area is the most vulnerable. Mamasa has low-risk level from the earthquake, although sometimes an earthquake happened until now. This result is supported by a geological map in the Mamasa regions that showed source rock in that area is a type of hard rock that consis of granitic materials.
Students’ misconceptions on rotational and rolling motions
Authors: Rafika R , Syuhendri S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the misconceptions experienced by senior high school students on rotational and rolling motion topics. The sample consisted of 35 students of a state senior high school in Palembang, Indonesia, in grade 11 in a science class. The data was collected using the Rotational and Rolling Motion Conceptual Survey (RRMCS), and were analyzed using modified Certainty of Response Index (mCRI) with a scale of 0 to 5. The result showed that the distribution of students’ conceptual understandings were in four categories, i.e. understanding the concepts 1.70%, understanding the concepts but not sure 1.90%, holding misconceptions 58.30%, and not understanding the concepts 38.10%. It can be identified that the students experienced misconceptions in all the concepts involved, namely 54.30% in the moment of inertia, 57.10% in rotational kinetic energy, 60.0% in angular velocity, 62.90% in angular acceleration, 58.90% in the moment of inertia, 51.40% in rolling motion (relative motion), 65.70% in rolling motion (the role of friction and other parameters), and 55.70% in the sliding cube on an inclined plane. Therefore, teachers should consider these misconceptions experienced by students in choosing appropriate strategies to overcome them.
Optical and structural studies on bio-synthesized ZnO using Citrullus lanatus peel extract
Authors: Fadillah R , Rati Y , Dewi R , Farma R , Rini A S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Bio-fabrication of ZnO films using plants, enzymes, and microorganisms has been recognized as an environmentally friendly procedure as an alternative to physical and chemical methods. In this research, the optical and structural properties of ZnO thin film have been investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. The ZnO films was prepared by spin-coating the mixed solution of Zn(NO3)2 and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) peel extract on glass substrate. The ZnO films were then annealed at 400°C for 3h. The UV-Vis absorbance spectra show the strong absorption peaks occurs over a range of wavelengths of 220-380nm, and 190-235 nm for pre-annealed and annealed samples, respectively. The optical band gap of the samples was influenced by the heat treatment. The as-prepared samples synthesized at pH 8 is 3.73 eV and increased up to 5.4 eV after annealed at 400 °C for 3 h. This result suggested that pre-annealed sample has better photocatalytic activity compared to the annealed samples. The XRD pattern of the ZnO films exhibits the ZnO diffraction peaks that correspond to the hkl of hexagonal wurtzite structure. SEM image shows that the morphology of ZnO samples are spherical and rod-like microstructure.
Deflection light in strong field from global monopole in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity
Authors: Huda I N , Ramadhan H S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We examine the deflection of light due to the gravitational field of global monopole in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld theory using strong field approach, which accurately explains light deflection when the impact parameter is small. In this paper, we will discuss the deflection angle and the radius of the photon sphere. We discover that the global monopole will increase the deflection angle and the radius of the photon sphere (compared to Schwarzschild), while EiBI parameter will decrease the radius of the photon sphere and the decreasing of deflection angle is shown clearly with small impact parameter.
The linear regression method of the RC circuit for electrical impedance characterization
Authors: Ain K , Purwanti E , Rulaningtyas R , Hairiyah N A 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn impedance bode plot modelling simulation has been conducted with the regression method to determine the RC model. The aim of the research is to determine the RC model and determine the resistance and capacitance of the equivalent circuit. The study uses nine RC models which are modelled into a linear regression equation and the equivalent model is determined based on the smallest error. Gradient and regression constants are used to determine the resistance and capacitance of the equivalent model. The results in the RC series show that the equivalent model is the first model with a resistance 998.580? and a capacitance 9.253 pF with an error 2.4%. While the program implementation of the RC parallel produces a resistance 999.809? and a capacitance 9.995 pF with an error 0.042%.
Temperature and water level control system in water thermal mixing process using adaptive fuzzy PID controller
Authors: Tunjung D , Prajitno P , Handoko D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Thermal Mixing Process, which is important in various industries, is a multiple-input multiple-output process (MIMO). It works by regulating hot-water and cold-water flows to control the temperature and level of the mixture. The Adaptive Fuzzy PID Control (AFPIDC) algorithm is a combination of two types of controller, has a simple PID basis with added Fuzzy aspects to speed up control. The AFPIDC algorithm is applied to the simulation of water thermal mixing process and is done with MATLAB/SIMULINK program. The fuzzy algorithm uses two inputs (errors & changes of errors) and has three outputs (changes of PID constants). The system is tested by simulating setpoint changes and adding disturbance. The testing result shows that AFPIDC controllers performs better than PID in controlling temperature and level. In temperature control, the PID settling time is 830 seconds, AFPIDC is 328 seconds and the PID overshoot is 6,3% and AFPIDC is 0%. In level control, the settling time of PID is 3221 seconds, while AFPIDC is 235 seconds, with PID overshoot is 10,5%, while AFPIDC 0%. From testing the system with leakage disturbance, the temperature controller needs time to regain stability at PID 780 seconds, AFPIDC 250 seconds. Meanwhile the level controlling stabilizes at PID 4510 seconds, and AFPIDC at 225 seconds.