bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Experience of Teaching Economic Disciplines Through Game Methods
Authors: Vakhorina Marina 
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the role of game methods for students of generation " Z " as a tool for increasing the activation of modern learning. The research is based on the analysis of Russian and foreign publications that reveal the importance of game methods of teaching students of economic disciplines in higher education. The main purpose of the research is to substantiate the theoretical provisions of game methods in teaching and to transfer the practical experience of their application in teaching economic disciplines. The role of toys for children's development in the historical aspect is determined.
The author's experience of developing scenarios of classes in the form of a game of teaching economic modules, including accounting disciplines, using innovative methods and emphasizing the need to apply such methods in the educational process is proposed. Observing the basic principles of teaching: through practical experience, consistency and visibility, such pedagogical goals as increasing the involvement of students in the educational process, the formation of new professional skills by practicing them through game methods are achieved.
The main conclusions are that by revealing the projects (developments) of individual game methods, the author shows the possibility of increasing the contingent for economic specialties and, as a result, the interest of students in the chosen profession. The author proposes the definition of "game methods of economic training" as a modeled set of activities in the form of a game, aimed at obtaining professional competencies related to economic activity. The conclusions can be used in teaching and in the development of work programs for special disciplines of students of economic directions in FGOST 3++.
COVID-19 Precipitating Euglycaemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis with SGLT2 Inhibitor Use
Authors: Jiali Fang  , Matthew Genco  , Rachel Caskey  
Published: May 2021

Objective: To describe a patient who developed euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the setting of SGLT2 inhibitor use precipitated by COVID-19. Patient and methods: A 52-year-old male with type II diabetes on empagliflozin and no history of DKA presented with symptoms of COVID-19 as well as laboratory findings consistent with euglycaemic DKA. His hospital course was complicated by recurrent episodes of euglycaemic DKA as well as hyperglycaemic DKA. Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors should be held as early as possible in COVID-19 cases due to the risk of euglycaemic DKA. These patients should also have more intense glucose monitoring.
Ultrasound Detection of the Aquarium Sign at the Bedside
Authors: Mihiro Kaga  , Emi Yamashita  , Takeshi Ueda  
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The aquarium sign is the name given to a large quantity of bubble-like echoes that suggests the presence of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG). Few studies in the literature have addressed the relationship between the aquarium sign and HPVG. In some cases, HPVG can only be detected using ultrasonography. HPVG can be observed in a variety of conditions, including those that require emergency surgery, such as acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI). Therefore, it is important to identify the presence of HPVG as soon as possible. Materials and methods: We report a case of the aquarium sign, where bubble-like echoes flowed from the right atrium towards the right ventricle, which was identified using bedside cardiac ultrasonography as part of a point-of-care ultrasound test. Results: This aquarium sign finding led to the diagnosis of AMI, which was confirmed using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Conclusion: The aquarium sign is a useful finding suggestive of HPVG and mesenteric ischaemia, which can be rapidly and easily observed using bedside cardiac ultrasonography. However, there are very few reports on the aquarium sign. The inability of other more cumbersome diagnostic imaging modalities, such as CT and magnetic resonance imaging, to detect HPVG emphasizes the utility and convenience of detecting the aquarium sign using bedside ultrasonography. This technique can lead to early detection of life-threatening diseases as well as improve the prognosis for patients. The diagnostic implications of the aquarium sign for HPVG are still unclear and require further research.
Myoclonus and Cerebellar Ataxia Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Giannantoni Nadia Mariagrazia , Rigamonti Elia , Rampolli Francesca Irene , Grazioli-Gauthier Lorenzo , Allali Gilles , Vanini Gianluca 
Published: May 2021

The current SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global health crisis. The clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to critical illness affecting almost every organ including the central and peripheral nervous systems. Myoclonus, a less expected and relatively unusual neurological complication, together with ataxia, has lately been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We describe the case of a 67-year-old male patient, admitted to our hospital for interstitial bilateral pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, who progressively developed general myoclonus and later cerebellar ataxia and gait disturbance. Given the timeline from COVID-19 systemic symptoms to neurological manifestations and the normal results of extensive and non-conclusive diagnostic work-up (blood test, lumbar puncture, EEG, cerebral MRI), a para-infectious encephalopathy related to SARS-CoV-2 was contemplated and a high dose of methylprednisolone was started with prompt symptom improvement. Further investigation and neuroepidemiological studies are needed to help define the mechanism of neuroinvasion and the entire spectrum of neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in mildly affected patients, in terms of prevention, treatment and possible neurological sequelae.
Enhancement of axial resolution and image contrast of a confocal microscope by a microsphere working in noncontact mode
Authors: Yang Xiliang , Hong Minghui 
Published: May 2021

A new technique, to the best of our knowledge, for improving the axial resolution and imaging contrast of a reflection mode confocal microscope is proposed. A 50 µm silica microsphere is added in front of the objective lens to enhance both the focusing of illumination and the collection of reflected and scattered light from sample surfaces in noncontact mode. An adjustable pinhole is used to compensate the displacement of the focal point in the axial direction. Various samples, including grouped nanolines and nanosteps, are used to demonstrate imaging performance. By comparison to an NA 0.9 commercial confocal microscope, the new setup achieves the axial resolution up to 100 nm and increases the image contrast by 4.56 times. The entire setup offers a cost-effective solution for high imaging performance, which can be applied in many fields from nanotechnology to biology.
Acute kidney injury: Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: de Almeida Danilo Candido , Franco Maria do Carmo Pinho , dos Santos Davi Rettori Pardo , Santos Marina Colella , Maltoni Isabela Soucin , Mascotte Felipe , de Souza Alexandra Aparecida , Pietrobom Paula Massaroni , Medeiros Eduardo Alexandrino , Ferreira Paulo Roberto Abrão , Machado Flavia Ribeiro , Goes Miguel Angelo 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundCOVID-19 is a multisystemic disorder that frequently causes acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the precise clinical and biochemical variables associated with AKI progression in patients with severe COVID-19 remain unclear.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study on 278 hospitalized patients who were admitted to the ward and intensive care unit (ICU) with COVID-19 between March 2020 and June 2020, at the University Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with COVID-19 confirmed on RT-PCR were included. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. We evaluated the incidence of AKI, several clinical variables, medicines used, and outcomes in two sub-groups: COVID-19 patients with AKI (Cov-AKI), and COVID-19 patients without AKI (non-AKI). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsFirst, an elevated incidence of AKI (71.2%) was identified, distributed across different stages of the KDIGO criteria. We further observed higher levels of creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the Cov-AKI group than in the non-AKI group, at hospital admission. On univariate analysis, Cov-AKI was associated with older age (>62 years), hypertension, CRP, MCV, leucocytes, neutrophils, NLR, combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin treatment, use of mechanical ventilation, and vasoactive drugs. Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension and the use of vasoactive drugs were independently associated with a risk of higher AKI in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we preferentially found an altered erythrocyte and leukocyte cellular profile in the Cov-AKI group compared to the non-AKI group, at hospital discharge.ConclusionsIn our study, the development of AKI in patients with severe COVID-19 was related to inflammatory blood markers and therapy with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin, with vasopressor requirement and hypertension considered potential risk factors. Thus, attention to the protocol, hypertension, and some blood markers may help assist doctors with decision-making for the management of COVID-19 patients with AKI.
Stillbirth in term and late term gestations in Stockholm during a 20-year period, incidence and causes
Authors: Åmark Hanna , Pilo Christina , Hulthén Varli Ingela 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThe incidence of stillbirth has decreased marginally or remained stable during the past decades in high income countries. A recent report has shown Stockholm to have a lower incidence of stillbirth at term than other parts of Sweden. The risk of antepartum stillbirth increases in late term and postterm pregnancies which is one of the factors contributing to the current discussion regarding the optimal time of induction of labor due to postterm pregnancy.Material and methodsThis is a cohort study based on the Stockholm Stillbirth Database which contains all cases of stillbirth from 1998-2018 in Stockholm County. All cases were reviewed systematically and the cause of death was evaluated according to the Stockholm Stillbirth Classification. Stillbirths diagnosed between gestational week (GW) 37+0 and 40+6 n = 605 were compared to stillbirths diagnosed from GW 41+0 and onwards n = 157, according to the cause of stillbirth and pregnancy and maternal characteristics. The aim was to evaluate the incidence of stillbirth over time and the incidence of stillbirth diagnosed from GW 41+0.ResultsIn Stockholm County the overall incidence of stillbirth has decreased from 4.6/1000 births during the period 1998-2004 to 3.4/1000 births during the period 2014-2018, p-value <0.001. When comparing the same time periods, the incidence of stillbirth diagnosed from GW 41+0 and onwards has decreased from 0.5/1000 births to 0.15/1000 births, p-value <0.001. Among women still pregnant at GW 41+0 the incidence of stillbirth has decreased from 1.8/ 1000 to 0.5/ 1000. When comparing stillbirths diagnosed at GW 37+0-40+6 with stillbirths diagnosed from GW 41+0 and onwards infection was a more common cause of stillbirth in the latter group.ConclusionIn Stockholm County there was a decreasing incidence of stillbirth overall and in stillbirths diagnosed from 41+0 weeks of gestation and onwards during the period 1998-2018. In stillbirths diagnosed from GW 41+0 and onwards infection was a more common cause of death compared to stillbirths diagnosed between GW 37+0 and 40+6.
Trend and epidemiological patterns of animal bites in Golestan province (Northern Iran) between 2017 and 2020
Authors: Bay Vahid , Jafari Mehdi , Shirzadi Mohammad Reza , Bagheri Ali , Masoudi Asl Irvan 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundRabies is one of the oldest zoonosis viral diseases, which still remains as one of the most important threats to public health in the 21st century.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined epidemiologic features of all 33,996 cases of persons bitten by animals and referred to the rabies prophylaxis centers in Golestan province between March 2017 and March 2020. Factors included demographic information of the victim (age, gender, and occupation), type of invasive animals (dog, cat, and other types), time of bite (year, month, and hour), place of residence (urban or rural), and injury and treatment statuses. We also obtained national and provincial animal bite incidence data for all of Iran and for Golestan province for the longer interval 2013–2020 to examine broader time trends. We used SPSS version 19, QGIS version 3.1, and Excel 2013 to generate frequency distributions and descriptive statistics.ResultsThe incidence rates of animal bites in Golestan province and Iran as a whole both increased smoothly. The latest incidence rate of animal bites in Golestan was 652 per 100,000 people, almost three times the overall national figure for 2020. Most cases of animal bites (67.6%) occurred in rural areas, and 36% of the victims aged under 19 years old. Dog and cat bites accounted for the great majority of cases (89% and 8%, respectively). The highest rate of animal bites was reported in the spring (30.8%). The lower limb was the most commonly bitten area in these individuals (64.6%). Of note, 87% of the cases received incomplete prophylactic post-exposure treatment, and 18% received immunoglobulin.ConclusionThe increasing rates of animal bites in the study area as well as the higher rate compared to the national average indicates the need for further review of animal bite control programs.
Outcomes of excessive alcohol drinkers without baseline evidence of chronic liver disease after 15 years follow-up: Heavy burden of cancer and liver disease mortality
Authors: Bernardo Sónia , Crespo Ricardo , Saraiva Sofia , Barata Rui , Gonçalves Sara , Nogueira Paulo , Cortez-Pinto Helena , Machado Mariana Verdelho 
Published: May 2021

Background
Most long-term heavy drinkers do not have clinically evident chronic liver disease (CLD). However, at any time-point, their risk of developing CLD remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of a group of heavy drinkers, without evidence of CLD at baseline.

Methods
A cohort of 123 long-term heavy drinkers without CLD were prospectively recruited in 2002 and retrospectively followed until 2018.

Results
At baseline (2002), median alcohol consumption was 271±203g/day during 21.5±20 years, 65% being abstinent during the previous 1.75±5 months. Patients were followed for 14±3 years. During follow-up, 53% reported any alcohol intake. Alcohol consumption during follow-up associated weakly with either 1- or 6-months previous abstinence at baseline. Until 2018, progression to CLD occurred in 6%, associating with years of alcohol intake during follow-up (OR 1.15 [1.01–1.31]) and baseline alkaline-phosphatase (OR 1.05 [1.01–1.10]). During follow-up, being abstinent for at least 1 year positively associated with CLD-free survival. 27% died (55% of cancer–mostly oropharyngeal cancer, 27% of cardiovascular disease, and 9% of liver disease), with a mean age of 71 years [69–74] (10 years less than the expected in the Portuguese population). Achieving abstinence for at least 1 year positively associated with overall survival, while smoking, and hepatic steatosis at baseline associated negatively.

Conclusion
Long-term heavy drinkers seemed to have a decreased life expectancy compared with the overall Portuguese population. Cancer was the main cause of death. Our results suggest that progression to CLD depends mostly on continued alcohol intake. Alcohol abstinence, even if temporary, seems to decrease the risks of CLD and mortality.
Existence and asymptotical behavior of solutions for a quasilinear Choquard equation with singularity
Authors: Shao Liuyang , Wang Yingmin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, we consider the following quasilinear Choquard equation with singularity

−
Δ
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
−
u
Δ

u

2

+
λ

(

I

α

∗
∣
u

∣

p

)

∣
u

∣

p
−
2

u
=
K

(

x

)

u

−
γ

,

x
∈

R

N

,

u
>
0
,

x
∈

R

N

,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u+V\left(x)u-u\Delta {u}^{2}+\lambda \left({I}_{\alpha }\ast | u{| }^{p})| u{| }^{p-2}u=K\left(x){u}^{-\gamma },\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\\ u\gt 0,\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\end{array}\right.

where

I

α

{I}_{\alpha }

is a Riesz potential,

0
<
α
<
N

0\lt \alpha \lt N

, and

N
+
α

N

<
p
<

N
+
α

N
−
2

\displaystyle \frac{N+\alpha }{N}\lt p\lt \displaystyle \frac{N+\alpha }{N-2}

, with

λ
>
0

\lambda \gt 0

. Under suitable assumption on

V

V

and

K

K

, we research the existence of positive solutions of the equations. Furthermore, we obtain the asymptotic behavior of solutions as

λ
→
0

\lambda \to 0

.
Hodge-Deligne polynomials of character varieties of free abelian groups
Authors: Florentino Carlos , Silva Jaime 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Let

F

F

be a finite group and

X

X

be a complex quasi-projective

F

F

-variety. For

r
∈
N

r\in {\mathbb{N}}

, we consider the mixed Hodge-Deligne polynomials of quotients

X

r

/

F

{X}^{r}\hspace{-0.15em}\text{/}\hspace{-0.08em}F

, where

F

F

acts diagonally, and compute them for certain classes of varieties

X

X

with simple mixed Hodge structures (MHSs). A particularly interesting case is when

X

X

is the maximal torus of an affine reductive group

G

G

, and

F

F

is its Weyl group. As an application, we obtain explicit formulas for the Hodge-Deligne and

E

E

-polynomials of (the distinguished component of)

G

G

-character varieties of free abelian groups. In the cases

G
=
G
L

(

n
,
C

)

G=GL\left(n,{\mathbb{C}}\hspace{-0.1em})

and

S
L

(

n
,
C

)

SL\left(n,{\mathbb{C}}\hspace{-0.1em})

, we get even more concrete expressions for these polynomials, using the combinatorics of partitions.
Diophantine approximation with one prime, two squares of primes and one kth power of a prime
Authors: Gambini Alessandro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Let

1
<
k
<
14

/

5

1\lt k\lt 14\hspace{-0.08em}\text{/}\hspace{-0.08em}5

,

λ

1

,

λ

2

,

λ

3

{\lambda }_{1},{\lambda }_{2},{\lambda }_{3}

and

λ

4

{\lambda }_{4}

be non-zero real numbers, not all of the same sign such that

λ

1

/

λ

2

{\lambda }_{1}\hspace{-0.08em}\text{/}\hspace{-0.08em}{\lambda }_{2}

is irrational and let

ω

\omega

be a real number. We prove that the inequality

∣

λ

1

p

1

+

λ

2

p

2

2

+

λ

3

p

3

2

+

λ

4

p

4

k

−
ω
∣
≤

(

max

(

p

1

,

p

2

2

,

p

3

2

,

p

4

k

)

)

−
ψ

(

k

)

+
ε

| {\lambda }_{1}{p}_{1}+{\lambda }_{2}{p}_{2}^{2}+{\lambda }_{3}{p}_{3}^{2}+{\lambda }_{4}{p}_{4}^{k}-\omega | \le {\left(\max \left({p}_{1},{p}_{2}^{2},{p}_{3}^{2},{p}_{4}^{k}))}^{-\psi \left(k)+\varepsilon }

has infinitely many solutions in prime variables

p

1

,

p

2

,

p

3

,

p

4

{p}_{1},{p}_{2},{p}_{3},{p}_{4}

for any

ε
>
0

\varepsilon \gt 0

, where

ψ

(

k

)

=
min

1

14

,

14
−
5
k

28
k

\psi \left(k)=\min \left(\frac{1}{14},\frac{14-5k}{28k}\right)

.
Os cursos de Ciências Sociais e Sociologia no Brasil: história e configurações
Authors: Bodart Cristiano Das Neves , Tavares Caio Dos Santos 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo examina a ampliação dos cursos de Ciências Sociais e Sociologia, no Brasil, considerando: i) as mudanças legislativas; ii) os programas de governo de incentivo às licenciaturas; e iii) a ausência da obrigatoriedade da Sociologia Escolar no currículo nacional (até 2008) e sua reintrodução no ensino médio (após 2009). As bases de dados utilizadas foram extraídas do site e-MEC. Foram identificados, a partir das configurações dos cursos ofertados, três momentos distintos: um marcado pelo foco na formação de quadros técnicos, outro em pesquisadores e um terceiro voltado, prioritariamente, para a formação de professores. A partir de uma combinação de fatores, tais como os recentes incentivos estatais à formação de professores e a reintrodução da disciplina no ensino médio brasileiro, os cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Sociais e em Sociologia vêm se expandindo e superando o número de cursos de bacharelado em Ciências Sociais, no Brasil, dando novos contornos à história dos cursos.
Intranasal Administration of Oxytocin Attenuates Social Recognition Deficits and Increases Prefrontal Cortex Inhibitory Postsynaptic Currents following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Runyan Avery , Lengel Dana , Huh Jimmy W. , Barson Jessica R. , Raghupathi Ramesh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in heightened risk for social deficits that can emerge during adolescence and adulthood. A moderate TBI in male and female rats on postnatal day 11 (equivalent to children below the age of 4) resulted in impairments in social novelty recognition, defined as the preference for interacting with a novel rat compared with a familiar rat, but not sociability, defined as the preference for interacting with a rat compared with an object in the three-chamber test when tested at four weeks (adolescence) and eight weeks (adulthood) postinjury. The deficits in social recognition were not accompanied by deficits in novel object recognition memory and were associated with a decrease in the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) recorded from pyramidal neurons within Layer II/III of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Whereas TBI did not affect the expression of oxytocin (OXT) or the OXT receptor (OXTR) mRNAs in the hypothalamus and mPFC, respectively, intranasal administration of OXT before behavioral testing was found to reduce impairments in social novelty recognition and increase IPSC frequency in the mPFC in brain-injured animals. These results suggest that TBI-induced deficits in social behavior may be linked to increased excitability of neurons in the mPFC and suggests that the regulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in this region as a potential mechanism underlying these deficits.
Labeling Theory On the Legal Expression of Police Clearance Certificate
Authors: Farhani Athari , Yulianto Ahmad 
Published: May 2021

Through state-owned equipment, the police are empowered to issue a Police Clearance Certificate (SKCK). However SKCK cannot label someone if someone is evil or not. Whereas written legal norms are characterized by legal certainty, in other words, law without certainty values will lose its meaning because it can no longer be used as a code of conduct for everyone. By reviewing references or literature related to criminal acts, prevention of crime, legal certainty and authority. SKCK is a preventive action carried out by the police institution as the State institution that has the authority over security and order. The responsibility for crime prevention is carried out by the National Police and the public by carrying out pre-emptive and preventive tasks, namely making community members obey and obey the law. Polri is responsible for approximately 20% of activities while 80% of other activities are the responsibility of the community which consists of various elements. The most important thing is that the label of criminal not criminal is the authority of the court. So that SKCK is not based on crime prevention but is based on the concept of labeling.