bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZTTK syndrome: Clinical and molecular findings of 15 cases and a review of the literature
Authors: Kushary Sulagna Tina , Revah‐Politi Anya , Barua Subit , Ganapathi Mythily , Accogli Andrea , Aggarwal Vimla , Brunetti‐Pierri Nicola , Cappuccio Gerarda , Capra Valeria , Fagerberg Christina R. , Gazdagh Gabriella , Guzman Edwin , Hadonou Medard , Harrison Victoria , Havelund Kathrine , Iancu Daniela , Kraus Alison , Lippa Natalie C. , Mansukhani Mahesh , McBrian Danielle , McEntagart Meriel , Pacio‐Míguez Marta , Palomares‐Bralo María , Pottinger Carrie , Ruivenkamp Claudia A. L. , Sacco Oliviero , Santen Gijs W. E. , Santos‐Simarro Fernando , Scala Marcello , Short John , Sørensen Kristina P. , Woods Christopher G. ,   DDD Study,   TUDP Consortium, Anyane Yeboa Kwame 
Published: July 2021

AbstractZhu‐Tokita‐Takenouchi‐Kim (ZTTK) syndrome is caused by de novo loss‐of‐function variants in the SON gene (MIM #617140). This multisystemic disorder is characterized by intellectual disability, seizures, abnormal brain imaging, variable dysmorphic features, and various congenital anomalies. The wide application and increasing accessibility of whole exome sequencing (WES) has helped to identify new cases of ZTTK syndrome over the last few years. To date, there have been approximately 45 cases reported in the literature. Here, we describe 15 additional individuals with variants in the SON gene, including those with missense variants bringing the total number of known cases to 60. We have reviewed the clinical and molecular data of these new cases and all previously reported cases to further delineate the most common as well as emerging clinical findings related to this syndrome. Furthermore, we aim to delineate any genotype–phenotype correlations specifically for a recurring pathogenic four base pair deletion (c.5753_5756del) along with discussing the impact of missense variants seen in the SON gene.
Preparation of Patterned and Multilayer Thin Films for Organic Electronics via Oxygen‐Tolerant SI‐PET‐RAFT
Authors: Poisson Jade , Polgar Alexander M. , Fromel Michele , Pester Christian W. , Hudson Zachary M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn oxygen‐tolerant approach is described for preparing surface‐tethered polymer films of organic semiconductors directly from electrode substrates using polymer brush photolithography. A photoinduced electron transfer‐reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (PET‐RAFT) approach was used to prepare multiblock polymer architectures with the structures of multi‐layer organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), including electron‐transport, emissive, and hole‐transport layers. The preparation of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and thermally assisted fluorescence (TAF) trilayer OLED architectures are described. By using direct photomasking as well as a digital micromirror device, we also show that the surface‐initiated (SI)‐PET‐RAFT approach allows for enhanced control over layer thickness, and spatial resolution in polymer brush patterning at low cost.
Potentiometric Sensors with Polymeric Sensing and Reference Membranes Fully Integrated into a Sample‐Wicking Polyester Textile
Authors: Herrero Eliza J. , Bühlmann Philippe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResponding to current limitations in paper‐based sensors and the increased interest in wearable sensors, we introduce here potentiometric sensors fully integrated into a knitted polyester fabric and their application in aqueous and biological samples. Single layer ion‐sensing devices requiring only 30 μL of sample were fabricated using wax patterning and Ag/AgCl paint. These devices give a Nernstian response to chloride over 4 orders of magnitude – an order of magnitude improvement from analogous paper‐based devices. We also report the penetration of polyester yarns with polymeric hydrophobic and hydrophilic ion‐sensing and reference membranes, all fully embedded within the fabric. These results demonstrate the promise of knitted fabrics as substrates for fully‐integrated potentiometric sensors with improved detection limits. They also elucidate the effect of pore structure on sensor fabrication and performance, thereby affecting how we understand both fabric‐ and paper‐based devices.
Morphology and properties of high molecular weight polyisobutylene and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
Authors: Jia Jixiang , Lin Peng , Liu Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHigh molecular weight polyisobutylene (PIB) was modified by a mild and facile melt‐mixing process with thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) in the presence of a compatibilizer, i.e., polypropylene‐g‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with solvent etching revealed a significantly phase‐separated morphology due to different polarity of PIB and TPU. An evolution from dispersed phase to continuous phase for TPU was observed with the increase of TPU content, leading to an enhanced tensile strength of PIB/TPU blend in comparison to PIB. This phase‐separated morphology of PIB/TPU blend was confirmed by FTIR and thermal analysis. Rheological studies suggested that the PIB/TPU blend (30 wt% of TPU) exhibited a typical non‐Newtonian fluid behavior. More importantly, PIB/TPU blend was shown to possess enhanced thermal and oxidative/hydrolytic stability in comparison to TPU. SEM combined energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) further elucidated that the surface chemical composition of PIB/TPU blend can be tailored through annealing, which further improved the biocompatibility as well as the oxidative/hydrolytic stability.
School safety starts in the classroom
Authors: Hawkes T. Elijah 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper combines reflection on my experiences as a public school principal with an analysis of two papers about safety in schools: “School Safety and Violence: Research and Clinical Understandings, Trends and Improvement Strategies” by Jonathan Cohen and “Tipping the Balance: Moving Toward School Safety While Considering Student Needs” by Nancy Rappaport. Cohen and Rappaport offer sound guidance on how to make schools safe—from macro system reforms to more micro, interpersonal interactions. I agree with Cohen's assertion that “learning how to have constructive controversial conversations is an essential foundation for healthy relationships on the one hand and democracy on the other.” Indeed, I believe that safe schools are necessarily democratic schools. And I strongly agree with Rappaport's assertion that we must “make learning deeply personal.” Just as important and true is the assertion conveyed by both Rappaport and Cohen that educators must be attuned to environmental conditions in the society—contemporary and historical—that erode safety in school communities, from systemic racism to pandemics and other threats to the wellbeing of children and families. My critique of both papers, and of many social‐emotional school reform efforts in general, is that there is not enough emphasis on the place where students and teachers spend the majority of their time: the classroom. The teaching and learning that happen in the classroom—both what is taught and how it is taught—are dominant forces in determining whether a school is healthy and safe. Drawing from my own work as a teacher and principal, I describe several essential ingredients for curriculum and pedagogy that enable classrooms to be places of trust, healthy risk‐taking, empathy, democratic practice and, ultimately, safety.
Oral drug delivery for immunoengineering
Authors: Le Tien , Aguilar Brian , Mangal Joslyn L. , Acharya Abhinav P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe systemic pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of immunomodulatory drugs is heavily influenced by its route of administration. A few common routes for the systemic delivery of immunotherapeutics are intravenous, intraperitoneal, and intramuscular injections. However, the development of novel biomaterials, in adjunct to current progress in immunoengineering, is providing an exciting area of interest for oral drug delivery for systemic targeting. Oral immunotherapeutic delivery is a highly preferred route of administration due to its ease of administration, higher patient compliance, and increased ability to generate specialized immune responses. However, the harsh environment and slow systemic absorption, due to various biological barriers, reduces the immunotherapeutic bioavailability, and in turn prevents widespread use of oral delivery. Nonetheless, cutting edge biomaterials are being synthesized to combat these biological barriers within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract for the enhancement of drug bioavailability and targeting the immune system. For example, advancements in biomaterials and synthesized drug agents have provided distinctive methods to promote localized drug absorption for the modulation of local or systemic immune responses. Additionally, novel breakthroughs in the immunoengineering field show promise in the development of vaccine delivery systems for disease prevention as well as combating autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. This review will discuss current progress made within the field of biomaterials and drug delivery systems to enhance oral immunotherapeutic availability, and how these new delivery platforms can be utilized to deliver immunotherapeutics for resolution of immune‐related diseases.
Early screening and diagnosis strategies of pancreatic cancer: a comprehensive review
Authors: Yang Jinshou , Xu Ruiyuan , Wang Chengcheng , Qiu Jiangdong , Ren Bo , You Lei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a highly malignant digestive system tumor with a poor prognosis. Most pancreatic cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage or even metastasis due to its highly aggressive characteristics and lack of typical early symptoms. Thus, an early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is crucial for improving its prognosis. Currently, screening is often applied in high‐risk individuals to achieve the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Fully understanding the risk factors of pancreatic cancer and pathogenesis could help us identify the high‐risk population and achieve early diagnosis and timely treatment of pancreatic cancer. Notably, accumulating studies have been undertaken to improve the detection rate of different imaging methods and the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) which is the golden standard for pancreatic cancer diagnosis. In addition, there are currently no biomarkers with sufficient sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer to be applied in the clinic. As the only serum biomarker approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) is not recommended to be used in the early screening of pancreatic cancer because of its limited specificity. Recently, increasing numbers of studies focused on the discovering of novel serum biomarkers and exploring their combination with CA19‐9 in the detection of pancreatic cancer. Besides, the application of liquid biopsy involving circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), and exosomes in blood and biomarkers in urine, and saliva in pancreatic cancer diagnosis are drawing more and more attention. Furthermore, many innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence, computer‐aided diagnosis system, metabolomics technology, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) associated technologies, and novel nanomaterials have been tested for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and have shown promising prospects. Hence, this review aims to summarize the recent progress in the development of early screening and diagnostic methods, including imaging, pathological examination, serological examination, liquid biopsy, as well as other potential diagnostic strategies for pancreatic cancer.
Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma: From clinical features to cancer genome
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Feng Shi , Tu Zhenhua , Sun Jingqi , Rui Tao , Zhang Xueyou , Huang Haitao , Ling Qi , Zheng Shusen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundSarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare and highly lethal histological subtype of HCC, with completely unknown genetic etiology and therapeutic targets.MethodsWe included 16 patients with sarcomatoid HCC receiving radical resection among 6731 cases of pathological confirmed HCC in year 2008 to 2018 in our hospital. We compared the clinical features, prognosis and cancer genome between 15 sarcomatoid HCC and propensity score‐matched 75 non‐sarcomatoid HCC patients. The other concurrent case was analyzed using phylogenetic tree to assess the tumor heterogeneity and evolution.ResultsSarcomatoid HCC group showed larger tumor size, more advanced differentiation grade, lower tumor free survival (p = 0.038) and overall survival (p = 0.001), and sarcomatoid type was an independent risk factor for patient death. Integrating sarcomatoid subtype into AJCC staging could increase the diagnostic curve in predicting patient survival. The cancer genome spectrum showed sarcomatoid HCC group had significant higher mutation rates in CDKN2A, EPHA5, FANCM and MAP3K1. Mutations in CDKN2A significantly reduced tumor‐free and overall survival in sarcomatoid HCC patients. Moreover, 46.6% sarcomatoid HCC patients had druggable mutations in cell cycle pathway genes, which were targeted by Abemaciclib, et al. We also found sarcomatoid and non‐sarcomatoid lesions might originate from a common progenitor but progress differently.ConclusionOur cancer genome analysis showed a specific genomic profile of sarcomatoid HCC, which were characterized by a high mutation rate in cell cycle genes particularly CDKN2A. The results indicate CDK4/6 inhibitors including abemaciclib, ribociclib and palbociclib as potential therapeutic targets and may help for therapeutic decision making.
Group‐specific contact and sense of connectedness during theCOVID‐19 pandemic and its associations with psychological well‐being, perceived stress, andwork‐lifebalance
Authors: Landmann Helen , Rohmann Anette 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTheories of social cure, sense of community, and social identity suggest that feelings of connectedness affect how we have coped with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Although people can feel connected to a variety of different groups, such as their family, friends, co‐workers, neighbours, nation, or all humanity, previous research has focused on connectedness to only a subset of these groups. To examine the relative importance of connectedness to and contact with specific groups for well‐being, stress, and work‐life balance during the pandemic, we conducted a longitudinal experience sampling study (N = 578) during the first 8 weeks of the Spring 2020 COVID‐19 lockdown in Germany. Feeling connected to family members most strongly predicted psychological well‐being (positively) and perceived stress (negatively) during the lockdown, followed by a sense of connectedness with friends and neighbours. Sense of connectedness to other groups did not predict well‐being, stress, or work‐life balance when controlling for the respective other groups. Hence, it not only matters whether or not a person feels connected to a group but also to which specific group he or she feels connected.
A Universal Chemical Method for Rational Design of Protein‐Based Nanoreactors**
Authors: Reddy Mullapudi Mohan , Bathla Punita , Sandanaraj Britto S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSelf‐assembly of a monomeric protease to form a multi‐subunit protein complex “proteasome” enables targeted protein degradation in living cells. Naturally occurring proteasomes serve as an inspiration and blueprint for the design of artificial protein‐based nanoreactors. Here we disclose a general chemical strategy for the design of proteasome‐like nanoreactors. Micelle‐assisted protein labeling (MAPLab) technology along with the N‐terminal bioconjugation strategy is utilized for the synthesis of a well‐defined monodisperse self‐assembling semi‐synthetic protease. The designed protein is programmed to self‐assemble into a proteasome‐like nanostructure which preserves the functional properties of native protease.
Bread‐baking quality and the effects of Glu‐D1 gene introgressions in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)
Authors: Morris Craig F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesDurum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) (2n = 28, AABB) utilization is somewhat hampered by its weak and/or inextensible gluten. One strategy to overcome this limitation is through the introduction of the Glu‐D1 alleles from bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) (2n = 42, AABBDD).FindingsSeveral methods have been employed to introduce or transfer the Glu‐D1 locus into durum wheat. These have included whole chromosome additions of 1D, substitutions of 1D for 1A or 1B, spontaneous and Ph1b‐induced homoeologous recombination of bread wheat chromosome 1D with the 1A or 1B of durum, and genetic transformation using Glu‐D1 Dx and Dy genes singly or together.ConclusionsThe introduction of whole 1D chromosomes has three main drawbacks: (a) instability of the n = 30 chromosome addition lines, (b) agronomic inferiority of 1D substitutions, and (c) lack of homologous pairing of 1D in subsequent breeding. Genetic transformation has shown limited utility as gene insertion and inheritance are not predictable, and consumer acceptance of genetically modified organisms is not widespread. Consequently, homoeologous recombination appears to be the most promising approach. Key considerations include (a) size of the 1D translocation, (b) substituted (loss, replacement) of a portion of 1A or 1B, and (c) utilization of Dx2 + Dy12 versus Dx5 + Dy10, or other possible Glu‐D1 alleles. In general, the introduction of Glu‐D1 increased dough strength and bread‐making quality. Glu‐D1 Dx2 + Dy12 seemed superior to Dx5 + Dy10, as the latter produced excessively strong, inelastic doughs.Significance and noveltyDurum wheat production and consumption will increase as bread quality improves. The Glu‐D1 high molecular weight glutenin proteins will likely play a role in improving bread‐making ability.
Catalytic Combustion of Toluene Over Broccoli‐Shaped Ce1Mn3Ox Solid Solution
Authors: Li Xuelian , Niu Yongfang , Zhang Chuanwei , Su Huaigang , Qi Yanxing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCe1Mn3Ox with broccoli morphology were synthesized by simple redox‐precipitation. A series of Ce−Mn‐based catalysts with different activities were obtained by changing calcination time. The catalytic activity of Ce−Mn solid solution was greatly improved compared with that of pure oxides. Ce1Mn3Ox‐1 (C1M3‐1) briefly calcined at 400 °C showed the optimal catalytic performance (WHSV=60000 mL h−1 g−1, Toluene concentration=3000 ppm, T100%=180 °C). The characterization results unambiguously identified that C1M3‐1 had a large amount of Ce3+, Mn3+ and surface adsorbed oxygen. This work emphasized the preparation of Ce−Mn‐based solid solution with strong interaction by simple redox precipitation, and the activity of the catalyst was regulated by changing the calcination time. The advantages of low cost, high efficiency, good stability, and recycling indicated that the catalyst had the possibility of industrial application.
A Full Flexible NH4+ Ion Battery Based on the Concentrated Hydrogel Electrolyte for Enhanced Performance
Authors: Farai Kuchena Shelton , Wang Ying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNon‐metal ammonium (
) ions have recently been explored as effective charge carriers in battery systems due to their abundancy, light weight, small hydration shells in water. The research concerning the use of
redox chemistry in batteries, particularly in flexible batteries, is still in its infancy. For the first time, we report a flexible full
ion battery (AIB) composed of a concentrated hydrogel electrolyte sandwiched between NH4V3O8 ⋅ 2.9H2O nanobelts cathode and polyaniline (PANI) anode, for enhanced performance. The hydrogel electrolyte is simply synthesized by using ammonium sulfate, xanthan gum and water. As a reference, the AIB based on the liquid aqueous electrolyte is prepared first, which exhibits a capacity of 121 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of 95 % after 400 cycles at a specific current of 0.1 A g−1. On the other hand, the simple synthesis of the hydrogel electrolyte allows us to facilely tune and optimize the salt contents in the electrolyte, to maximize the ionic conductivity, transport kinetics, mechanical characteristics, and consequently the battery performance. It is found that the flexible battery based on the hydrogel electrolyte prepared from 3 M ammonium sulfate solution shows the best electrochemical performance, i. e., a capacity of 60 mAh g−1 while maintaining a capacity retention of 88 % after 250 cycles at a specific current of 0.1 A g−1. Moreover, the flexible AIB retains excellent electrochemical performance when bent at different angles, demonstrating remarkable mechanical strength and flexibility. Therefore, this study sheds new light on the utilization of concentrated hydrogel electrolyte in the AIB chemistry, for developments of novel electrochemical energy storage technology with high safety and low cost.
Bubble behaviour investigation in a wet fluidized bed using digital image analysis
Authors: Dai Li , Yuan Zhulin , Guan Lei , Wu Kai , Gu Conghui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDue to the presence of liquid bridge forces, wet particles reveal totally different fluidization behaviours than dry fluidized beds. This paper studies the bubble dynamics of wet Geldart‐D particles in a wet 2D fluidized bed. A digital image analysis method is adopted to identify bubbles and extract bubble properties based on MATLAB software. During fluidization, the bubble feature analysis of optimized binary images captures the bubble size variation, bubble fraction, and bubble shape. The results show that the increasing liquid saturation promotes the gas holding capacity of the emulsion phase, leading to the decreasing bubble fraction. When the particle size grows, the stability of the emulsion phase is promoted and hence the average bubble diameter increases. As the liquid saturation increases, the enhancing liquid bridge forces limit the bubble growth and promote the bubble breakage, which contributes to the small bubbles. With respect to the wet particles, of which the diameter is 1 mm and the liquid saturation is over 15%, slugging is likely to be observed, resulting in the increasing equivalent bubble diameter. The growing liquid saturation increases the wide aspect ratio, decreases the shape factor, and disperses the dependence between the two parameters. This indicates that small and irregular bubbles are likely to be seen in wet fluidized beds.
Online seminar and online laboratory course on chemistry experiments for schools – Digitalization of a bachelor course for chemistry teacher training
Authors: Holländer Monika , Greitemann Lars , Melle Insa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAufgrund der Corona‐Pandemie musste zu Beginn des Sommersemesters 2020 innerhalb kürzester Zeit eine umfangreiche Bachelor‐Veranstaltung zur schulexperimentellen Erschließung chemischer Inhalte (6 SWS) digitalisiert werden. Wöchentlich wurden Seminar‐ und Äquivalente zu Praktikumssitzungen in Form von Zoom‐Videokonferenzen durchgeführt; dabei diente Moodle als Lernplattform zur Bereitstellung von Materialien, für Online‐Tests und zur Abgabe von Studienleistungen. Im Seminarteil erarbeiteten die Studierenden nach einer Instruktionsphase kollaborativ fachdidaktische Inhalte. Anschließend wurden die Versuche aus dem Praktikumsskript mithilfe von Videos in Partnerarbeit erschlossen und in digitalen Versuchsprotokollen dokumentiert. Zur weitergehenden Verarbeitung erstellten die Studierenden beispielsweise Erklärvideos oder mithilfe von online zugänglichen PDF‐Formularen Gefährdungsbeurteilungen. Die digitalisierte Lehrveranstaltung wurde zum Abschluss des Semesters mit den Studierenden in Form eines Online‐Fragebogens evaluiert.