bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A methodology for loss and performance assessment of a variable geometry turbocharger turbine through a new meanline FORTRAN program
Authors: Ketata Ahmed , Driss Zied 
Published: November 2021

PurposeVariable geometry turbine (VGT), a key component of modern internal combustion engines (ICE) turbochargers, is increasingly used for better efficiency and reduced exhaust gas emissions. The aim of this study is the development of a new meanline FORTRAN code for accurate performance and loss assessment of VGTs under a wider operating range. This code is a useful alternative tool for engineers for fast design of VGT systems where higher efficiency and minimum loss are being required.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed meanline code was applied to a variable geometry mixed flow turbine at different nozzle vane angles and under a wide range of rotational speed and the expansion ratio. The numerical methodology was validated through a comparison of the predicted performance to test data. The maps of the mass flow rate as well as the efficiency of the VGT system are discussed for different nozzle vane angles under a wide range of rotational speed. Based on the developed model, a breakdown loss analysis was carried out showing a significant effect of the nozzle vane angle on the loss distribution.FindingsResults indicated that the nozzle angle of 70° has led to the maximum efficiency compared to the other investigated nozzle vane angles ranging from 30° up to 80°. The results showed that the passage loss was significantly reduced as the nozzle vane angle increases from 30° up to 70°.Originality/valueThis paper outlines a new meanline approach for variable geometry turbocharger turbines. The developed code presents the novelty of including the effect of the vane radii variation, due to the pivoting mechanism of the nozzle ring. The developed code can be generalized to either radial or mixed flow turbines with or without a VGT system.
Knowledge management practices and green innovation in SMES: the role of environmental awareness towards environmental sustainability
Authors: Polas Mohammad Rashed Hasan , Tabash Mosab I. , Bhattacharjee Amitab , Dávila Guillermo Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of knowledge management dimensions (i.e. knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination and knowledge responsiveness) on green innovation. The study also seeks to determine whether these relationships are mediated by the environmental awareness in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the UAE.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were obtained from a sample of 194 SMEs (two informants from each firm that consist of 388 top managers) in Abu Dhabi, UAE. In this cross-sectional study, convenience random sampling was used. The positivism approach was adopted using a hypothetical statistical induction method. Validated measurement scales were used to measure the study constructs adopted from previous studies. Data were analysed using a quantitative approach with Smart partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) 3.0.

Findings
The results of the study indicated a positive and significant association between knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination and knowledge responsiveness with green innovation. Moreover, the data analysis confirmed that environmental awareness mediates the relationship between knowledge dissemination and green innovation. However, no mediation role of environmental awareness in the relationship between knowledge acquisition and knowledge responsiveness with green innovation was found.

Practical implications
Knowing how to manage knowledge effectively is considered to be one of the most important aspects of green innovations. Nonetheless, there was a dearth of literature highlighting the relevance of knowledge management for long-term organisational success. The results of this study present practical implications for SME professionals. Green innovation with the support of environmental awareness may help a firm understand and implement the importance of knowledge management into their administrative operations. They can subsequently become eco-innovative ecologically, economically and socially.

Originality/value
This is one of the very few studies that examine the effect of knowledge management dimensions (knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination and knowledge responsiveness) on green innovation in UAE SMEs.
Investigating the role of national culture on integrated report assurance: international evidence
Authors: Uyar Ali , Kilic Merve , Kuzey Cemil 
Published: November 2021

PurposeDrawing on neo-institutional, stakeholder, social contract and contingency theories, the objective of this study is to examine whether cultural values across countries may influence decisions to assure integrated reports.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, the authors have collected integrated reporting assurance, national culture and firm-specific data from several sources for the years ranging between 2011 and 2016 and have performed pooled and panel logistic regression analyses.FindingsThe authors found that corporations established in countries where the following characteristics prevail have higher tendencies to assure integrated reports: high collectivism among people, low power distance, strong feminine values rather than masculine values, high uncertainty avoidance, pursuance of short-term goals rather than long-term and a low level of indulgence.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is not free from limitations. First, the authors were only able to obtain assurance data for the years between 2011 and 2016 since 2011 was the initial year in which integrated reporting was adopted. Second, culture variables used throughout the study remained the same for each year due to the unavailability of differing data. This was noted in prior studies as well; thus, this is not an exception. Third, the assumption that all companies in a country have the same culture score is inherent in the scoring system of countries (Orij, 2010).Practical implicationsBased on the results, the authors drew implications for organizations, policymakers and assurance service providers. Multinational corporations can benefit from the outcome of this study by considering national cultures in formulating their corporate strategies. Finally, assurance service providers can position themselves in the marketplace by the findings of this study.Originality/valueThis paper aims to enhance the comprehension of corporate reporting practices by companies that operate in different countries, with necessarily varying cultural values. To the best knowledge of the authors, no prior study has yet examined the impact of national culture on the assurance of integrated reports.
Selection on convergent functional traits drives compositional divergence in early succession of a tallgrass prairie restoration experiment
Authors: Karimi Nisa , Larkin Daniel J. , Glasenhardt Mary‐Claire , Barak Rebecca S. , Williams Evelyn W. , Ernst Adrienne R. , Hipp Andrew L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Plant biodiversity is often partitioned into taxonomic diversity (species composition and abundance), phylogenetic diversity (breadth of evolutionary lineages) and functional diversity (resource‐use strategies or physical traits). Evaluating the effects and interplay of these dimensions can provide insights into how assembly processes drive compositional changes in plant communities. However, teasing apart the effects of different biodiversity dimensions is challenging in observational studies or retrospective analyses.

To evaluate how plant phylogenetic and trait history shape community establishment and turnover in restoration of a species‐rich North American tallgrass prairie, we conducted an experiment with 127 species planted in assemblages representing three levels of phylogenetic diversity (PD) and two of functional trait diversity (FD), holding starting species richness (SR) fixed. We tested whether PD and FD of planted assemblages predicted species diversity, compositional turnover and selection on functional traits.

Rank order of initial functional and phylogenetic diversity levels was maintained throughout the experiment, but neither diversity measure correlated positively with species richness by the end of the experiment. Phylogenetic and taxonomic beta diversity increased among all treatments. This increase in compositional beta diversity was associated with directional selection on phylogenetically dispersed functional traits. A set of functional traits associated with competitiveness in tallgrass prairies predicted species' cover for all survey years: stem dry matter content, leaf dry matter content, vegetative height and rhizomatous growth. Although all plots collectively converged on a similar suite of functional traits, functional beta diversity increased among high‐FD plots.

Synthesis. Neither higher functional nor phylogenetic diversity maintained higher species richness (SR) over time in our study. Although SR was not maintained, higher levels of PD and FD were. Both types of diversity shaped the rate at which plots changed in composition over time, with high diversity treatment plots increasing in beta diversity. Selection for traits convergent across the tree of life drove phylogenetic and compositional divergence among plots. While optimization of site‐specific functional traits may be most important for maintaining higher SR, our work implies that planting higher initial PD and FD may make grassland restorations more adaptable to site conditions that may be difficult to predict.
When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough
Authors: Abramovitch Henry 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst‐initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one‐sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.
Helping students connect the macroscopic level to the molecular level
Authors: Schmidt Shelly J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt has been well documented that for many students science is difficult to learn. Thus, as a food chemistry teacher, it has been my mission to continually search for and implement better ways to help my students learn chemistry. One strategy for improved learning, based on Johnstone's Triangle, that has been shown to be exceedingly effective, is to intentionally and explicitly provide students with opportunities to see and experience chemistry at the macroscopic level (things they can observe), so that they can make a more meaningful and lasting connection to the molecular level (things they cannot directly observe). Thus, the focus of this article is to share with you six demonstrations and one assignment that help make chemistry visible to students, providing them with a macromolecular manifestation of a molecular level property or event. Featured demonstrations are grouped into two categories: The Properties of Water Demonstrations (Water's #1 Superpower: Hydrogen Bonding) and The Phase Transitions of Water Demonstrations (Water's #2 Superpower: Shapeshifting). The assignment is modeled after the popular Unwrapped TV series.
The reversal of drug resistance by two‐dimensional titanium carbide Ti2C (2D Ti2C) in non‐small‐cell lung cancer via the depletion of intracellular antioxidant reserves
Authors: Zhu Yue , Sui Baiyan , Liu Xin , Sun Jiao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundChemoresistance is a major barrier limiting the therapeutic efficacy of late stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we sought to use two‐dimensional titanium carbide (2D Ti2C) to reverse cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.MethodsWe first achieved favorable properties as a potential anti‐tumor agent. We then compared cell viability and cisplatin uptake in chemoresistant NSCLC cells before and after the use of 2D Ti2C. Afterwards, we explored the effects of 2D Ti2C on intracellular antioxidant reserves, followed by evaluating the subsequent changes in the expression of core drug resistance genes. Finally, we confirmed the tumor inhibitory effect and bio‐safety of 2D Ti2C in a drug‐resistant lung cancer model in nude mice.ResultsDue to the properties of thin layer, large specific surface area, and abundant reactive groups on the surface, 2D Ti2C can deplete the antioxidant reserve systems such as the glutathione redox buffer system, γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ‐GCS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione‐S‐transferase‐Pi (GST‐π), and metallothionein (MT), thereby increasing the intracellular accumulation of cisplatin and decreasing the expression of drug resistance genes.Conclusions2D Ti2C can reverse NSCLC chemoresistance both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that it may potentially become a novel and effective means to treat chemoresistant NSCLC in the clinic.
Benefits and safety of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate in acute stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Lim Beng Leong , Lee Wei Feng , Ng Wei Ming , Situ Wangmin , Loo Kee Vooi , Man Goh Carmen Jia , Chan Wui Ling 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundTransdermal glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) has potential beneficial properties in acute stroke including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and possible clinical benefits suggested in ultra‐early stroke (≤6 h). Our meta‐analysis updated the evidence on its safety and benefits in acute stroke.MethodsWe searched major electronic databases for randomized trials comparing transdermal GTN versus placebo/control in acute stroke. Primary outcomes were mortality, 90‐day modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and blood pressure (BP) effects. Secondary outcomes included early, late, resource utilization, and surrogate outcomes. Safety outcomes were adverse events. Reviewers identified studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (RoB) using a modified Cochrane RoB instrument and quality of evidence (QoE) using GRADE. We also performed a priori subgroup and trial sequential analyses (TSA) on primary outcomes. These subgroup analyses were ICH versus ischemic stroke, minor (NIHSS ≤5) versus major (NIHSS >5) ischemic stroke, ischemic stroke with versus without thrombolysis, prehospital versus non prehospital settings, time from stroke to randomization ≤6 h versus >6 h, and high versus low overall RoB studies.ResultsSeven eligible primary trials enrolled 5363 patients. GTN reduced BP (mean difference [MD] = –4.74 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –6.03 to –3.45 mm Hg] and diastolic BP (MD = –2.94 mm Hg, 95% CI = –3.74 to −2.13 mm Hg) 24 h posttreatment but did not affect 4‐ to 10‐day mortality (relative risk [RR] = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.82 to 1.49), 90‐day mortality (RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.77 to 1.19), and 90‐day mRS >2 (RR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.93 to 1.03) compared to control/placebo. The QoE was high for primary outcomes with no subgroup effects detected. GTN did not affect secondary outcomes and increased risk of headache and hypotension. TSA generally supported our conclusions regarding primary outcomes.ConclusionsTransdermal GTN reduces BP in acute stroke but does not alter clinical outcomes even in ultra‐early stroke (≤6 h).
Take‐Pause: Efficacy of mindfulness‐based virtual reality as an intervention in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Butt Mahlaqa , Kabariti Sarah , Likourezos Antonios , Drapkin Jefferson , Hossain Rukhsana , Brazg Jared , Motov Sergey 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEmergency department (ED) visits are known to be anxiety‐ridden and stress‐provoking experiences especially in the pediatric population. Distraction techniques have been used as a means to reduce anxiety and stress thereby facilitating care in the ED and making the visit less unpleasant. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an active and immersive distraction technique, using a mindfulness‐based virtual reality (VR) program (Take‐Pause), to alleviate anxiety in pediatric ED patients.MethodsA prospective, randomized, single‐blinded study, evaluating ED patients aged 13–17 years with a chief complaint of acute pain was conducted. Patients were randomized either to the active distraction intervention (VR group), utilizing the VR headset for 5 min, or to the passive distraction intervention (iPad group), playing on an iPad for 5 min. The primary outcome was a difference in the change in anxiety scores on the Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included a difference in pain scores, respiratory rate, and heart rate between the groups.ResultsA total of 110 subjects were enrolled. At 15 min, the mean anxiety score for the VR group improved by 10 points versus 6 points in the iPad group (p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval = 0.44 to 7.6). There was no statistical significance in the reduction of pain scores (p = 0.953) and respiratory rates (p = 0.776) between the groups. Patients enrolled in both groups did not experience any adverse effects.ConclusionTake‐Pause, offering an active and immersive distraction technique, is more effective than a passive distraction approach to lower anxiety levels in adolescent ED patients.
Anatomical description of the origin and distribution of the brachial plexus to the antebrachium in one puma (Puma concolor) (Linnaeus, 1771)
Authors: Barreto‐Mejía Ricardo , Ceballos Claudia P. , Tamayo‐Arango Lynda J. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe knowledge of the anatomy of the brachial plexus in animals is of great importance due to its applicability in clinical, diagnostic and surgical procedures. The objective of the present study was to describe the anatomy of the brachial plexus in the puma. The results demonstrate a broad anatomical similarity with other felines; however, some differences were found. The formation of the brachial plexus in the puma occurred from the ventral interconnections of the last three cervical nerve segments and the first thoracic (C6, C7, C8 and T1). The N. suprascapularis emerges from C6, innervating the M. supraspinatus, the M. infraspinatus, and also the M. cleidobrachialis, the latter by a smaller branch. We found an independent branch emerging from C6 that innervates the M. serratus ventralis cervicis, not reported in other species. The innervation territory of the N. axillary includes the M. cleidobrachialis. The M. teres major was not innervated by the axillary nerve, but by an entirely independent branch that came from C6 and C7, and that also innervated the most caudal part of the M. subscapularis.
Successful implantation of leadless pacemaker in a patient with giant right atrium and tricuspid valve stenosis
Authors: Xiong Qinmei , Hu Jinzhu , Zhou Qiongqiong , Huang Lin , Yu Jianhua , Li Juxiang , Chen Qi , Hong Kui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the steadily increasing amount of leadless pacemaker implantations performed worldwide, it has called attention to the delivery difficulty in patients with severe large right heart. Nevertheless, limited studies have reported leadless pacemaker implantation in patients with tricuspid stenosis. Here, we report the successful implantation of leadless pacemaker in a 60‐year‐old female patient with giant right atrium and tricuspid valve stenosis. It is highlighted that leadless pacemaker should not be discouraged even if there are tricuspid valve stenosis and giant right atrium.
Editorial: biomarkers for alcohol‐related liver fibrosis—almost there?
Authors: Chokshi Shilpa , Mehta Gautam 
Published: November 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Thiele et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16567 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16672
Letter: a randomised clinical trial comparing the effects of pregabalin with those of placebo on functional dyspepsia. Authors’ reply
Authors: Thinrungroj Nithi , Kotikula Isariyaphong , Pinyopornpanish Kanokwan 
Published: November 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chen et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16612 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16650
Investigating working adults' intentions to participate in microlearning using the decomposed theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Puah Shermain , Bin Mohmad Khalid Muhammad Iskandar Shah , Looi Chee Kit , Khor Ean Teng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe current work validated the decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB) with working adults to assess its ability to predict intentions to participate in microlearning and also identify the significant factors that drive microlearning usage decisions. We found that positive attitudes towards microlearning (Attitude), stronger beliefs in others' opinions regarding microlearning use (SN), and stronger perceptions about one's capability to engage in microlearning (PBC), are associated with stronger intentions to participate in microlearning. All decomposed constructs were found to be significant predictors of the respective factors, except superior influence (SI) and resource facilitating conditions. We discuss potential targeted interventions focused on what works best to encourage microlearning adoption. For instance, while reporting superiors have no significant influence over one's microlearning use decisions, the opinions of peers and colleagues positively influence microlearning use. Hence, focusing on embedding community‐related aspects into a microlearning design may effectively encourage the use of microlearning.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

The decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB) is reported to be suited for studying e‐Learning adoption due to its robustness and high explanatory power.

The DTPB allows for a deeper and more detailed explanation of behavioural intentions compared to other models.

However, the DTPB has not been explored for learning innovation such as microlearning.

What this paper adds

The DTPB was found to be theoretically sufficient for predicting intentions to participate in microlearning.

Attitudes towards microlearning was found as the strongest determinant of intentions, followed by one's beliefs in others' opinions regarding microlearning use, and lastly, perceptions about one's capability to engage in microlearning.

Contrary to expectations, only the influence of peers in one's social circle was significantly predictive of subjective norm, while the influence of those in positions of authority in the workplace (e.g., one's reporting manager or superior) was not.

Additionally, while self‐efficacy and technology‐related facilitating conditions (e.g., technical compatibility, technical support) were significant predictors of perceived behavioural control, the availability of resources required to perform microlearning was not.

Implications for practice and/or policy

Factors identified as strongly influential for behavioural intentions may aid in facilitating and accelerating microlearning adoption in the workforce.