bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative endothelial dysfunction in cutaneous microcirculation is associated with postoperative organ injury after cardiac surgery using extracorporeal circulation: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Abrard Stanislas , Fouquet Olivier , Riou Jérémie , Rineau Emmanuel , Abraham Pierre , Sargentini Cyril , Bigou Yannick , Baufreton Christophe , Lasocki Sigismond , Henni Samir 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cardiac surgery is known to induce acute endothelial dysfunction, which may be central to the pathophysiology of postoperative complications. Preoperative endothelial dysfunction could also be implicated in the pathophysiology of postoperative complications after cardiac surgery. However, the relationship between preoperative endothelial function and postoperative outcomes remains unknown. The primary objective was to describe the relationship between a preoperative microcirculatory dysfunction identified by iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh), and postoperative organ injury in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods
Sixty patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery using CPB were included in the analysis of a prospective, observational, single-center cohort study conducted from January to April 2019. Preoperative microcirculation was assessed with reactivity tests on the forearm (iontophoresis of ACh and nitroprusside). Skin blood flow was measured by laser speckle contrast imaging. Postoperative organ injury, the primary outcome, was defined as a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA) 48 h after surgery greater than 3.

Results
Organ injury at 48 h occurred in 29 cases (48.3%). Patients with postoperative organ injury (SOFA score > 3 at 48 h) had a longer time to reach the peak of preoperative iontophoresis of acetylcholine (133 s [104–156] vs 98 s [76–139] than patients without, P = 0.016), whereas endothelium-independent vasodilation to nitroprusside was similar in both groups. Beyond the proposed threshold of 105 s for time to reach the peak of preoperative endothelium-dependent vasodilation, three times more patients presented organ dysfunction at 48 h (76% vs 24% below or equal 105 s). In multivariable model, the time to reach the peak during iontophoresis of acetylcholine was an independent predictor of postoperative organ injury (odds ratio = 4.81, 95% confidence interval [1.16–19.94]; P = 0.030).

Conclusions
Patients who postoperatively developed organ injury (SOFA score > 3 at 48 h) had preoperatively a longer time to reach the peak of endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
Trial registration Clinical-Trials.gov, NCT03631797. Registered 15 August 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03631797
Progressive loss functions for speech enhancement with deep neural networks
Authors: Llombart Jorge , Ribas Dayana , Miguel Antonio , Vicente Luis , Ortega Alfonso , Lleida Eduardo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe progressive paradigm is a promising strategy to optimize network performance for speech enhancement purposes. Recent works have shown different strategies to improve the accuracy of speech enhancement solutions based on this mechanism. This paper studies the progressive speech enhancement using convolutional and residual neural network architectures and explores two criteria for loss function optimization: weighted and uniform progressive. This work carries out the evaluation on simulated and real speech samples with reverberation and added noise using REVERB and VoiceHome datasets. Experimental results show a variety of achievements among the loss function optimization criteria and the network architectures. Results show that the progressive design strengthens the model and increases the robustness to distortions due to reverberation and noise.
Stress and pore fluid pressure control of seismicity rate changes following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, Japan
Authors: Nakagomi Kodai , Terakawa Toshiko , Matsumoto Satoshi , Horikawa Shinichiro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe quantitatively examined the influence of pore fluid pressure and coseismic stress changes on the seismicity rate changes that followed the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, on the basis of two approaches. One is a numerical calculation of the classic stress metric of ∆CFS, and the other is an inversion analysis of pore fluid pressure fields with earthquake focal mechanism data. The former calculation demonstrated that seismicity rate changes were consistent with the expectation from ∆CFS in 65% of the target region, whereas they were not in the remaining 35% of the region. The latter analysis indicates that seismicity rates increased in the regions where pore fluid pressure before the Kumamoto earthquake sequence was remarkably enhanced above hydrostatic, regardless of values of ΔCFS. This suggests that the increase in pore fluid pressure is one of the important physical mechanisms triggering aftershock generation. We obtained evidence that pore fluid pressure increased around the southern part of the main rupture zone after the mainshock, examining temporal changes in types of focal mechanism data. The average increases in pore fluid pressure were estimated to be 17, 20, and 17 MPa at depths of 5, 10, and 15 km, respectively. These large increases in pore fluid pressure cannot be explained under the undrained condition. The spatial derivative of the pore fluid pressure field in the depth direction implies that fluid supply from greater depths may have controlled increases in seismicity rates that followed the large earthquake.
Effect of cycling exercise on motor excitability and gait abnormalities in stroke patients
Authors: El-Tamawy Mohamed S. , Darwish Moshera H. , Basheer Mye A. , Reda Abdelazim M. , Elzanaty Mahmoud , Khalifa Heba A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The concepts of brain excitability are still re-wiring in response to changes in environment. Ambulation is often limited in stroke patients.

Objective
To determine the effect of cycling exercise on motor excitability and consequences on spatiotemporal gait parameters in stroke patients.

Methods
Forty male ischemic stroke patients were included; their age ranged from 45 to 60 years. The patients were assigned into two equal groups: control group (GI) and study group (GII). The GI is treated by a design physical therapy program in the form of task-oriented progressive resistance exercise for lower limb muscles, and the GII is treated by the same program in addition to cycling exercise for 30 min. Treatment was conducted three times per week for 10 weeks. The excitability over motor area (Cz) was assessed by the quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG). The spatiotemporal gait parameters were assessed by the Biodex Gait Trainer 2TM.

Results
There was a significant increase of speed, step cycle, and step length of the affected side (P < 0.05) and a non-significant difference of step length of the non-affected side in the study group compared with that of the control group (P > 0.05). There was a significant increase of excitability over motor area (Cz) in the study group compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Cycling exercise has a positive effect on excitability over motor area of lower limbs and can improve gait parameters in stroke patients.
PUMPNET: a deep learning approach to pump operation detection
Authors: Ma Luyao , Meng Qingyu , Pan Shirui , Liebman Ariel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNon-urgent high energy-consuming residential appliances, such as pool pumps, may significantly affect the peak to average ratio (PAR) of energy demand in smart grids. Effective load monitoring is an important step to provide efficient demand response (DR) to PAR. In this paper, we focus on pool pump analytics and present a deep learning framework, PUMPNET, to identify the pool pump operation patterns from power consumption data. Different from conventional time-series based Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) methods, our approach transfers the time-series data into image-like (date-time matrix) data. Then a U-shaped fully convolutional neural network is developed to detect and segment the image-like data in pixel level for operation detection. Our approach identify whether pool pumps operate given thirty-minute interval aggregated active power consumption data in kilowatt-hours only. Furthermore, the PUMPNET algorithm could identify pool pump operation status with high accuracy in the low-frequency sampling scenario for thousands of household, compared to traditional NILM algorithms which process high sampling rate data and can only apply to limited number of households. Experiments on real-world data validate the promising results of the proposed PUMPNET model.
Quantitative estimation of cilnidipine and valsartan in rat plasma by RP-HPLC: its pharmacokinetic application
Authors: Kachave Ramanlal N. , Yelmame Shanker S. , Mundhe Akshay G. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cilnidipine (CLD) and valsartan (VAL) are antihypertensive agents used in the treatment of hypertension. So, pharmacokinetic study of CLD and VAL in rat plasma was carried out using chromatographic method. The chromatographic separation was performed on the Inertsil ODS column, using mobile phase methanol: water 85:15 v/v (pH 3.0) at the flow rate of 1.1 mL/min., detected at 254 nm.

Result
Cilnidipine (CLD) (1 mg/kg) and valsartan (VAL) (1 mg/kg) was administered orally in rats, and blood samples were collected at time intervals of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h after dosing. The retention time of plasma, CLD, and VAL was found to be 2.7, 6.6, and 4.3 min, respectively. The result was validated statistically and by recovery studies. Linearity was acceptable in the range of 1–5 and 8–40 μg/mL for CLD and VAL, respectively. Maximal concentration (Cmax) of CLD and VAL was observed to be 338 ± 13.85 and 1282.21 ± 39.23 (ng/mL). The half-life of CLD and VAL was found to be 1.08 ± 0.21 and 1.43 ± 0.12 h, respectively.

Conclusion
The present method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of cilnidipine (CLD) and valsartan (VAL) in rat plasma after oral administration.
Respiratory and voice outcomes of office-based injection laryngoplasty in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Elsaeed Asser , Afsah Omayma , Moneir Waleed , Elhadidy Tamer , Abou-Elsaad Tamer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundInjection laryngoplasty is a surgical procedure used in management of glottal insufficiency. The objective of this study was to assess respiratory and voice outcomes of office-based injection laryngoplasty in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). Ten patients underwent office-based injection via transcutaneous approach using Radiesse or hyaluronic acid. Auditory perceptual assessment (APA), voice handicap index (VHI), size of the glottic gap, acoustic parameters (jitter, shimmer, and harmonic to noise ratio), maximum phonation time (MPT), stroboscopic evaluation, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and videofluoroscopic evaluation of swallowing were done pre-injection, 1 week and 3 months post-injection.ResultsSubjective and objective voice outcomes, in addition to laryngostroboscopic parameters improved after injection. Non-significant difference was found between pre- and post-injection results of the PFTs.ConclusionsOffice-based injection laryngoplasty is a safe and effective method for treating UVFP. Patients with glottic gap (< 1–3 mm) are perfect candidates for such procedure. Injection laryngoplasty improves patients’ voice quality and does not impair respiration.
Sleep quality in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt
Authors: Ghoneim Adel H. A. , El-Gammal Mohamed S. , Ahmed Yasmeen R. , Gad Doaa M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes changes in sleep quality with accompanied nocturnal drops in oxygen saturation leading to cardiac dysrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, and more arousal. However, this sleep disturbance is an aspect of COPD that is still under evaluation. Therefore, this work is designed to detect sleep quality with type and frequency of sleep-related breathing disorders in stable COPD patients.

Results
This is a cross-sectional study that included 60 stable COPD patients. Full night polysomnographies were performed to all patients with assessment of their sleep quality and presence of sleep-disordered breathing. The studied patients were classified into two groups: group I (COPD with good sleep quality) and group II (COPD with poor sleep quality). The results revealed that the more severe the COPD degree, the worse the sleep quality parameters represented by sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and arousal index with a significant statistical difference (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a highly significant statistical difference was noticed regarding time spent in REM sleep among poor sleep quality patients with different grades of severity (P = 0.003). Additionally, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome was the most frequent sleep-disordered breathing (65%), followed by nocturnal oxygen desaturation (17%) among poor quality sleeper.

Conclusion
Abnormal sleep quality is more common in moderate and severe COPD patients. Obstructive sleep apnea is the most frequent sleep-related breathing disorders among COPD patients. Increased BMI%, higher Berlin scores, and lower values of PaO2 and FOSQ-10 scores are strong predictors of poor sleep quality among COPD patients.
Large-offset P-wave traveltime in layered transversely isotropic media
Authors: Abedi Mohammad Mahdi , Pardo David 
Published: January 2021

Large-offset seismic data processing, imaging, and velocity estimation require an accurate traveltime approximation over a wide range of offsets. In layered transversely isotropic media with a vertical symmetry axis, the accuracy of traditional traveltime approximations is limited to near offsets. We have developed a new traveltime approximation that maintains the accuracy of classic equations around the zero offset and exhibits the correct curvilinear asymptote at infinitely large offsets. Our approximation is based on the conventional acoustic assumption. Its equation incorporates six parameters. To define them, we use the Taylor series expansion of the exact traveltime around the zero offset and a new asymptotic series for the infinite offset. Our asymptotic equation indicates that the traveltime behavior at infinitely large offsets is dominated by the properties of the layer with the maximum horizontal velocity in the sequence. The parameters of our approximation depend on the effective zero-offset traveltime, the normal moveout velocity, the anellipticity, a new large-offset heterogeneity parameter, and the properties of the layer with the maximum horizontal velocity in the sequence. We have applied our traveltime approximation (1) to directly calculate traveltime and ray parameter at given offsets, as analytical forward modeling, and (2) to estimate the first four of the aforementioned parameters for the layers beneath a known high-velocity layer. Our large-offset heterogeneity parameter includes the layering effect on the reflections’ traveltime.
Cost-Effectiveness of First-Line Versus Second-Line Use of Daratumumab in Older, Transplant-Ineligible Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Patel Kishan K. , Giri Smith , Parker Terri L. , Bar Noffar , Neparidze Natalia , Huntington Scott F. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE The MAIA trial found that addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide and dexamethasone (DRd) significantly prolonged progression-free survival in transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone (Rd). However, daratumumab is a costly treatment and is administered indefinitely until disease progression. Therefore, it is unclear whether it is cost-effective to use daratumumab in the first-line setting compared with reserving its use until later lines of therapy. METHODS We created a Markov model to compare healthcare costs and clinical outcomes of transplant-ineligible patients treated with daratumumab in the first-line setting compared with a strategy of reserving daratumumab until the second-line. We estimated transition probabilities from randomized trials using parametric survival modeling. Lifetime direct healthcare costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for first-line daratumumab versus second-line daratumumab from a US payer perspective. RESULTS First-line daratumumab was associated with an improvement of 0.52 QALYs and 0.66 discounted life-years compared with second-line daratumumab. While both treatment strategies were associated with considerable lifetime expenditures ($1,434,937 v $1,112,101 in US dollars), an incremental cost of $322,836 for first-line daratumumab led to an ICER of $618,018 per QALY. The cost of daratumumab would need to be decreased by 67% for first-line daratumumab to be cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $150,000 per QALY. CONCLUSION Using daratumumab in the first-line setting for transplant-ineligible patients may not be cost-effective under current pricing. Delaying daratumumab until subsequent lines of therapy may be a reasonable strategy to limit healthcare costs without significantly compromising clinical outcomes. Mature overall survival data are necessary to more fully evaluate cost-effectiveness in this setting.
Do various imaging modalities provide potential early detection and diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw? A review
Authors: Wongratwanich Pongsapak , Shimabukuro Kiichi , Konishi Masaru , Nagasaki Toshikazu , Ohtsuka Masahiko , Suei Yoshikazu , Nakamoto Takashi , Verdonschot Rinus G. , Kanesaki Tomohiko , Sutthiprapaporn Pipop , Kakimoto Naoya 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) often visit their dentists at advanced stages and subsequently require treatments that greatly affect quality of life. Currently, no clear diagnostic criteria exist to assess MRONJ, and the definitive diagnosis solely relies on clinical bone exposure. This ambiguity leads to a diagnostic delay, complications, and unnecessary burden. This article aims to identify imaging modalities’ usage and findings of MRONJ to provide possible approaches for early detection. Methods: Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library to review all diagnostic imaging modalities for MRONJ. Results: Panoramic radiography offers a fundamental understanding of the lesions. Imaging findings were comparable between non-exposed and exposed MRONJ, showing osteolysis, osteosclerosis, and thickened lamina dura. Mandibular cortex index Class II could be a potential early MRONJ indicator. While three-dimensional modalities, CT and CBCT, were able to show more features unique to MRONJ such as a solid type periosteal reaction, buccal predominance of cortical perforation, and bone-within-bone appearance. MRI signal intensities of vital bones are hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI and STIR when necrotic bone shows hypointensity on all T1WI, T2WI, and STIR. Functional imaging is the most sensitive method but is usually performed in metastasis detection rather than being a diagnostic tool for early MRONJ. Conclusion: Currently, MRONJ-specific imaging features cannot be firmly established. However, the current data are valuable as it may lead to a more efficient diagnostic procedure along with a more suitable selection of imaging modalities.
Exploring the influence of deforestation on dengue fever incidence in the Brazilian Amazonas state
Authors: Kalbus Alexandra , de Souza Sampaio Vanderson , Boenecke Juliane , Reintjes Ralf 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionDengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral disease in the Brazilian Amazon and places a major health, social and economic burden on the region. Its association with deforestation is largely unknown, yet the clearing of tropical rainforests has been linked to the emergence of several infectious diseases, including yellow fever and malaria. This study aimed to explore potential drivers of dengue emergence in the Brazilian Amazon with a focus on deforestation.MethodsAn ecological study design using municipality-level secondary data from the Amazonas state between 2007 and 2017 (reported rural dengue cases, incremental deforestation, socioeconomic characteristics, healthcare and climate factors) was employed. Data were transformed according to the year with the most considerable deforestation. Associations were explored using bivariate analysis and a multivariate generalised linear model.ResultsDuring the study period 2007–2017, both dengue incidence and deforestation increased. Bivariate analysis revealed increased incidences for some years after deforestation (e.g. mean difference between dengue incidence before and three years after deforestation was 55.47 cases per 100,000, p = 0.002), however, there was no association between the extent of deforestation and dengue incidence. Using a negative binomial regression model adjusted for socioeconomic, climate and healthcare factors, deforestation was not found to be related to dengue incidence. Access to healthcare was found to be the only significant predictor of dengue incidence.DiscussionPrevious research has shown that deforestation facilitates the emergence of vector-borne diseases. However, no significant dose-response relationships between dengue incidence and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazonas state were found in this study. The finding that access to healthcare was the only significant predictor of dengue incidence suggests that incidence may be more dependent on surveillance than transmission. Further research and public attention are needed to better understand environmental effects on human health and to preserve the world’s largest rainforest.