bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic and Facile Analysis of Deposits Composition: Implication on Effective Treatment of Oilfield Solid Deposits
Authors: Ricky Emanuel X. , Xu Xingguang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Oilfield solid deposits present the major flow assurance problems in the oil and gas industry. In general, the deposits need to be accurately identified and quantified for appropriate design and successful implementation of any treatments. However, few works have been reported on the establishment of a systematic analytical procedure. This work, for the first time, presents a systematic approach that may be used to identify and quantify the composition of oilfield solid deposits, with different analytical methods been jointly used. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy techniques were found very helpful in identifying the composition of the investigated oilfield solid deposit, whereas thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MIP-AES) were the most appropriate quantification techniques. The collected sample was found to contain mainly CaCO3 and consequently, the acid treatment method that involves the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution was proposed to be the most applicable and cost-effective treatment method for its remediation. The exact amount of CaCO3 scale in the oilfield system, the concentration and volume of HCl solution required for the acid treatment method need to be precisely determined to ensure the effective treatment. We believe this well-established analytical procedure will be helpful and enlightening for identification and quantification of oilfield solid deposits and thus may facilitate the effective and efficient treatments on the undesirable deposits.
Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Sorbent-Loaded Hollow-Fiber Modules for Coal-Fired Power Plants
Authors: El Fil Bachir , Hoysall Dhruv C. , Garimella Srinivas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The impact of post-combustion carbon dioxide capture on the performance of a power plant is evaluated. A model of a coal power plant with post-combustion temperature swing adsorption (TSA) CO2 capture using sorbent-loaded hollow fibers is presented. The resulting performance and cost of carbon capture are compared with those of other adsorption-based technologies. A parametric analysis of the performance of the power plant with respect to key parameters in the hollow fiber module operation is presented. It is found that electrical energy consumption for the compression of CO2 is a major parasitic load (PL) common to all absorption technologies and accounts for almost half of the total parasitic load. The effect of source temperature, flue gas (FG) fan, and coupling fluid pump flowrates on overall system performance is presented. The impacts of different carbon capture technologies on the same coal-fired power plant are compared. Hollow fiber modules had the lowest parasitic load on the power plant, followed by KS-2 based carbon capture.
A field trip to observe features of Lake Bonneville, mountain glaciation, and Great Salt Lake near Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Authors: (Jack) Oviatt Charles G. , Atwood Genevieve , Laabs Benjamin J.C. , Jewell Paul W. , Jol Harry M. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
On this field trip we visit three sites in the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, USA, where we examine the geomorphology of the Bonneville shoreline, the history of glaciation in the Wasatch Range, and shorezone geomorphology of Great Salt Lake. Stop 1 is at Steep Mountain bench, adjacent to Point of the Mountain in the Traverse Mountains, where the Bonneville shoreline is well developed and we can examine geomorphic evidence for the behavior of Lake Bonneville at its highest levels. At Stop 2 at the mouths of Little Cottonwood and Bells Canyons in the Wasatch Range, we examine geochronologic and geomorphic evidence for the interaction of mountain glaciers with Lake Bonneville. At the Great Salt Lake at Stop 3, we can examine modern processes and evidence of the Holocene history of the lake, and appreciate how Lake Bonneville and Great Salt Lake are two end members of a long-lived lacustrine system in one of the tectonically generated basins of the Great Basin.
Aggregate mining on Mount Zion, Clayton, California
Authors: Goodwin Joshua A. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Two construction aggregate companies, Cemex and Hanson Aggregates, operate respective crushed stone quarries on the east and west slopes of Mount Zion in Clayton, California. These sidehill quarries utilize a single highwall and mine Jurassic diabase of the Coast Range ophiolite that formed as a sheeted dike complex. Hydrothermal veins, some containing 20%–30% disseminated pyrite and chalcopyrite, cut the diabase. The east quarry, operated by Cemex, was started by the Harrison-Birdwell Company in 1947. The west quarry, operated by Hanson, was started by the Henry J. Kaiser Sand and Gravel Company in 1954. The Cemex quarry highwall is visible as you come into the city of Clayton on Marsh Creek Road, with a height of ~280 m (920 ft). The height of the highwall at the Hanson quarry is ~215 m (700 ft). Both operations remove weathered diabase overburden to expose fresh diabase, which is drilled, blasted, and hauled to the plant for processing. To ensure aggregate is suitable for construction, quality assurance testing is conducted in accordance with the specifications of various agencies. These quarries supply the surrounding area with aggregate for hospitals, schools, highways, dams, and other buildings. Noteworthy projects supplied by the Clayton quarries include the Concord BART Station, Interstate-680, Interstate-580, Calaveras Dam, Sherman Island Levee, Highway 4, Highway 24, and Bay Bridge epoxy asphalt. Before aggregate was mined, Mount Zion was the site of a copper rush from 1862 to 1864. Gold and silver were also reported in various assays from the Clayton district. Although prospecting created excitement around Clayton, no productive orebodies were ever discovered.
Neogene volcanism on the eastside of Mount Diablo, Contra Costa County, California
Authors: Sullivan Raymond , Fay Ryan P. , Schaefer Carl , Deino Alan , Edwards Stephen W. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Two spatially separated areas of Neogene volcanic rocks are located on the northeast limb of the Mount Diablo anticline. The southernmost outcrops of volcanics are 6 km east of the summit of Mount Diablo in the Marsh Creek area and consist of ~12 hypabyssal dacite intrusions dated at ca. 7.8–7.5 Ma, which were intruded into the Great Valley Group of Late Cretaceous age. The intrusions occur in the vicinity of the Clayton and Diablo faults. The rocks are predominantly calc-alkaline plagioclase biotite dacites, but one is a tholeiitic plagioclase andesite. Mercury mineralization was likely concomitant with emplacement of these late Miocene intrusions. The northernmost outcrops of Neogene volcanic rocks occur ~15 km to the north of Mount Diablo in the Concord Naval Weapons Station and the Los Medanos Hills and are probably parts of a single andesite flow. A magnetometer survey indicates that the flow originated from a feeder dike along the Clayton fault. The lava flow is flat-lying and occupies ancient stream channels across an erosional surface of tilted Markley Sandstone of middle Eocene age. New radiometric dates of the flow yield an age of 5.8–5.5 Ma, but due to alteration the age should be used with caution. The flow is a calc-alkaline andesite rich in clinopyroxene and plagioclase. What appear to be uplifted erosional remnants of the flow can be traced northeastward in the Los Medanos Hills across a surface of tilted Cenozoic rocks that eventually rest on formations as young as the Lawlor Tuff dated at 4.865 ± 0.011 Ma. This stratigraphic relationship suggests that the andesite flow is probably late Pliocene in age and was impacted by the more recent uplift of the Los Medanos Hills but postdates the regional folding and faulting of the rocks of Mount Diablo. In terms of timing, location, and composition, the evidence suggests these two areas of dacitic and andesitic volcanics fit into a series of migrating volcanic centers in the California Coast Ranges that erupted following the northward passage of the Mendocino Triple Junction.
Experiences of a National Early Warning Score (NEWS) intervention in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Stocker Rachel , Russell Siân , Liddle Jennifer , Barker Robert O , Remmer Adam , Gray Joanne , Hanratty Barbara , Adamson Joy 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on the care home sector, with residents accounting for up to half of all deaths in Europe. The response to acute illness in care homes plays a particularly important role in the care of residents during a pandemic. Digital recording of a National Early Warning Score (NEWS), which involves the measurement of physical observations, started in care homes in one area of England in 2016. Implementation of a NEWS intervention (including equipment, training and support) was accelerated early in the pandemic, despite limited evidence for its use in the care home setting.ObjectivesTo understand how a NEWS intervention has been used in care homes in one area of North-East England during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how it has influenced resident care, from the perspective of stakeholders involved in care delivery and commissioning.MethodsA qualitative interview study with care home (n=10) and National Health Service (n=7) staff. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsUse of the NEWS intervention in care homes in this area accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stakeholders felt that NEWS, and its associated education and support package, improved the response of care homes and healthcare professionals to deterioration in residents’ health during the pandemic. Healthcare professionals valued the ability to remotely monitor resident observations, which facilitated triage and treatment decisions. Care home staff felt empowered by NEWS, providing a common clinical language to communicate concerns with external services, acting as an adjunct to staff intuition of resident deterioration.ConclusionsThe NEWS intervention formed an important part of the care home response to COVID-19 in the study area. Positive staff perceptions now need to be supplemented with data on the impact on resident health and well-being, workload, and service utilisation, during the pandemic and beyond.
Study protocol for a multicentre, open-label, single-arm phase I/II trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ripasudil 0.4% eye drops for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Arima Mitsuru , Inoue Hirosuke , Nakao Shintaro , Misumi Akiko , Suzuki Maya , Matsushita Itsuka , Araki Shunsuke , Yamashiro Chiemi , Takahashi Kazumasa , Ochiai Masayuki , Yoshida Noriko , Hirose Masayuki , Kishimoto Junji , Todaka Koji , Hasegawa Shunji , Kimura Kazuhiro , Kusuhara Koichi , Kondo Hiroyuki , Ohga Shouichi , Sonoda Koh-Hei 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vascular proliferative disorder that occurs in preterm infants. Existing treatments are only indicated in severe ROP cases due to the high invasiveness and the potential risk of irreversible side effects. We previously elucidated that ripasudil, a selective inhibitor of the Rho-associated protein kinase, has the ability to inhibit abnormal retinal neovascularisation in animal models. In addition, ripasudil eye drops (Glanatec ophthalmic solution 0.4%) have been already used for the treatment of glaucoma. Since eye drop therapy is less invasive, early intervention for ROP is possible. The purpose of this phase I/II trial is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ripasudil eye drops for preterm infants with ROP.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, open-label, single-arm phase I/II trial. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ripasudil as much as possible, ripasudil will be administered to all enrolled preterm infants with zone I/II, stage 1, or worse ROP. The safety and efficacy of ripasudil in treated patients will be assessed in comparison to a historical control group. Because this is the first trial of ripasudil in preterm infants, a dose-escalation study (once daily for 1 week, then two times per day for 2 weeks) will be conducted in phase I. After obtaining approval from the independent data and safety monitoring board to continue the trial after the completion of phase I, phase II will be conducted. In phase II, ripasudil eye drops will be administered two times per day for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint in phase II is also safety. Efficacy and pharmacokinetics will be evaluated as secondary endpoints.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol was approved by the institutional review board at each of the participating centres. Data will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numbersNCT04621136and jRCT2071200047.
Prevalence, pattern and determinants of chronic disease multimorbidity in Nepal: secondary analysis of a national survey
Authors: Dhungana Raja Ram , Karki Khem Bahadur , Bista Bihungum , Pandey Achyut Raj , Dhimal Meghnath , Maskey Mahesh K 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence, pattern and determinants of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) multimorbidity in Nepal.DesignSecondary analysis of the data from the NCD survey 2018, which was conducted between 2016 and 2018.SettingThe data belong to the nationally representative survey, that selected the study samples from throughout Nepal using multistage cluster sampling.Participants8931 participants aged 20 years and older were included in the study.Primary outcomesNCD multimorbidity (occurrence of two or more chronic conditions including hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease and cancer). Descriptive statistics, prevalence ratio and odds ratio were computed to assess pattern and determinants of multimorbidity.ResultsMean (SD) age was 46.7 years (14.9 years). The majority of the participants were women (57.8%), without formal education (53.4%) and from urban areas (51.5%). Multimorbidity was present in 13.96% (95% CI: 12.9% to 15.1%). Hypertension and diabetes coexisted in 5.7%. Age, alcohol consumption, body mass index, non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) level and rural–urban setting were significantly associated with multimorbidity.ConclusionMultimorbidity was prevalent in particular groups or geographical areas in Nepal suggesting a need for coordinated and integrated NCD care approach for the management of multiplicative co-comorbid conditions.
Boulder-strewn flats in a high-latitude macrotidal embayment, Baffin Island: geomorphology, formation, and future stability
Authors: Hatcher Scott V. , Forbes Donald L. , Manson Gavin K. 
Published: July 2021

Tidal flats are widely distributed on high-latitude coasts, where sea ice processes have been invoked to explain the abundance and distribution of boulders. This study documents the surface morphology and sediment dynamics of a Low-Arctic macrotidal system, the boulder-rich tidal flats of Koojesse Inlet, fronting the Nunavut capital, Iqaluit, on Baffin Island. This is a region of postglacial isostatic uplift and forced regression, with raised littoral, deltaic, and glaciomarine deposits. The spring-tidal range is 11.1 m and sea ice cover lasts roughly 9 months of the year. The extensive intertidal flats are up to 1 km wide, with a veneer of sand and gravel (including large boulders) resting on an erosional unconformity truncating the underlying glaciomarine mud, forming a terrace within the present tidal range. Over a 3-year study, no consistent pattern of erosion or deposition was evident. Over a longer time scale, the concave hypsometry, low sediment supply, slight ebb dominance of weak tidal currents, abrasion by wave-entrained sand, ebb-oriented ripples formed under subaerial drainage, and slumps on the terrace flanks are consistent with seaward hydraulic and gravitational sediment transport. These processes may be of greater importance than shoreward ice transport. This study underlines the importance of relict glaciomarine deposits, postglacial uplift, and falling relative sea level in the erosional development of these high-latitude tidal flats. Relative sea-level projections for Iqaluit are ambiguous, but a switch to rising sea level, if it occurs, combined with more open water and wave energy, could alter the foreshore dynamics of the system.
Analysis of GaN-based HEMTS with AlN buffer layers by using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Lee Cheng Che , Lee Hsin Jung , Lee Hsin Che , Lee Wei Yu , Chuang Wei Ching 
Published: July 2021

In this paper, AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with an AlN buffer layer were fabricated. Analyses on the crystal quality of the GaN epitaxial layer by Raman spectroscopy have been purposed. By introducing an AlN layer on sapphire substrate, the maximum drain current of the HEMT increased from 481 mA/mm to 522 mA/mm at [Formula: see text] V. Subthreshold slope was reduced from 638.3 mV/decade to 240.9 mV/decade and the electron mobility increased from 1109 cm2 V[Formula: see text]s[Formula: see text] to 1781 cm2 V[Formula: see text]s[Formula: see text]. These results showed that using an AlN buffer layer can improve the crystal quality of the GaN epitaxial layer, thus optimize the device performances of the GaN-based HEMTs.
The Effects of Cabergoline Compared to Dienogest in Women with Symptomatic Endometrioma
Authors: Shume Mehnaz Mustary , Banu Jesmine , Ishrat Shakeela , Munira Serajoom , Uddin Muhammad Jasim , Sultana Sabiha 
Published: July 2021

Background: New vessel formation or neovascularization has been recognized as a feature of endometriosis. Treatment with cabergoline suppresses cell proliferation and vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-mediated angiogenesis, thereby promoting regression of endometriotic lesions. Dienogest, a fourth-generation progestin currently in use for the treatment of endometriosis significantly decreases the volume of endometrial implants. Objective: The objective of the study was to see if cabergoline is as effective as dienogest in reducing the size of endometriomas and pelvic pain in women with endometriosis. Methods: The prospective comparative study was carried out on 56 women with endometrioma (diagnosed by ultrasound), divided by odd and even numbers into two groups. Cabergoline, 0.5[Formula: see text]mg tablet twice weekly, was given to 28 women for 3 months. Dienogest, 2[Formula: see text]mg tablet daily, was given to 28 women for the same duration. Pre- and post-treatment assessment of endometrioma size by transvaginal sonography and pelvic pain using the 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) were recorded. Results: The percentage reduction in endometrioma size in women given dienogest was twice that compared to the women given cabergoline. Mean VAS score after 3 months was significantly lower in the cabergoline group compared to dienogest ([Formula: see text]). The incidence of nausea, vomiting, and headache were similar in cabergoline and dienogest group. There was polymenorrhea in the cabergoline group and irregular spotting in the dienogest group. Conclusions: Reduction of the size of endometrioma is less apparent with cabergoline than dienogest after 3 months of treatment. Cabergoline yields better results in decreasing pelvic pain compared to dienogest.
Psi-Caputo Logistic Population Growth Model
Authors: Awadalla Muath , Yameni Noupoue Yves Yannick , Asbeh Kinda Abu 
Published: July 2021

This article studies modeling of a population growth by logistic equation when the population carrying capacity K tends to infinity. Results are obtained using fractional calculus theories. A fractional derivative known as psi-Caputo plays a substantial role in the study. We proved existence and uniqueness of the solution to the problem using the psi-Caputo fractional derivative. The Chinese population, whose carrying capacity, K, tends to infinity, is used as evidence to prove that the proposed approach is appropriate and performs better than the usual logistic growth equation for a population with a large carrying capacity. A psi-Caputo logistic model with the kernel function

x
+
1

performed the best as it minimized the error rate to 3.20% with a fractional order of derivative

α

= 1.6455.
Transferências intergovernamentais: o papel do contexto institucional para a sustentabilidade das dívidas estaduais
Authors: Barbosa Leandro Mendes , Rocha Fabiana Fontes 
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é verificar se a sustentabilidade fiscal dos estados brasileiros durante o período de 2001 a 2015 é afetada pelo sistema de transferências intergovernamentais. Os resultados indicam que a dívida pública não é sustentável e que ausência de sustentabilidade independe da inclusão/exclusão das transferências. Os efeitos, contudo, são heterogêneos. Os estados das regiões Sul e Sudeste, geralmente pagadores líquidos de transferências, não atendem a condição de sustentabilidade quando o saldo primário usual é utilizado, passando a atendê-la quando é avaliado o saldo primário exclusive as transferências. Já os demais estados demonstram grande fragilidade fiscal, não atendendo a condição de sustentabilidade sob nenhuma circunstância. Eles não mostram desempenho fiscal adequado nem mesmo quando são incluídas as transferências, apesar de serem beneficiários líquidos de recursos.