bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions to Mitigate Risk of Cardiovascular Disease After Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Jowell Amanda R. , Sarma Amy A. , Gulati Martha , Michos Erin D. , Vaught Arthur J. , Natarajan Pradeep , Powe Camille E. , Honigberg Michael C. 
Published: October 2021

ImportanceA growing body of evidence suggests that adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes (GD), preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction, are associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Adverse pregnancy outcomes may therefore represent an opportunity to intervene to prevent or delay onset of CVD. The objective of this review was to summarize the current evidence for targeted postpartum interventions and strategies to reduce CVD risk in women with a history of APOs.ObservationsA search of PubMed and Ovid for English-language randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, descriptive studies, and guidelines published from January 1, 2000, to April 30, 2021, was performed. Four broad categories of interventions were identified: transitional clinics, lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and patient and clinician education. Observational studies suggest that postpartum transitional clinics identify women who are at elevated risk for CVD and may aid in the transition to longitudinal primary care. Lifestyle interventions to increase physical activity and improve diet quality may help reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in women with prior GD; less is known about women with other prior APOs. Metformin hydrochloride may prevent development of type 2 diabetes in women with prior GD. Evidence is lacking in regard to specific pharmacotherapies after other APOs. Cardiovascular guidelines endorse using a history of APOs to refine CVD risk assessment and guide statin prescription for primary prevention in women with intermediate calculated 10-year CVD risk. Research suggests a low level of awareness of the link between APOs and CVD among both patients and clinicians.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that transitional clinics, lifestyle intervention, targeted pharmacotherapy, and clinician and patient education represent promising strategies for improving postpartum maternal cardiometabolic health in women with APOs; further research is needed to develop and rigorously evaluate these interventions. Future efforts should focus on strategies to increase maternal postpartum follow-up, improve accessibility to interventions across diverse racial and cultural groups, expand awareness of sex-specific CVD risk factors, and define evidence-based precision prevention strategies for this high-risk population.
The NICHD interview protocol used by Dutch child protection workers: Effects on interview style, children's reported information and susceptibility to suggestion
Authors: Erens Brenda , Otgaar Henry , de Ruiter Corine , van Bragt Danique , Hershkowitz Irit 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the Netherlands, there is currently no quality standard for conducting child forensic interviews in Child Protective Services (CPS) . The lack of such standard causes concern regarding the quality of these interviews, which are used to determine the child's safety and implementing treatment. In the current study, we implemented the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) protocol at Safe Home, the Dutch national reporting agency for child abuse and domestic violence. Professionals at Safe Home received a three‐day training in the NICHD protocol with regular follow‐up feedback sessions. We compared 38 NICHD interviews with 30 control interviews on variables such as the type of questions asked, number of reported words, and children's mood state. NICHD interviews contained more invitations and fewer suggestive questions compared to non‐standardized interviews. Furthermore, children reported more information related to the reported incident when they were interviewed with the NICHD protocol compared to control interviews. After being interviewed, children reported a more positive mood state independent of how they were interviewed (NICHD or control interview). Finally, children interviewed with the NICHD protocol were less likely to succumb to suggestive probes provided after the interview than children in the control group. We argue that child protection professionals need training in an evidence‐based interview protocol to improve fact‐finding in CPS.
NMR‐Based Analysis of Nanobodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 Nsp9 Reveals a Possible Antiviral Strategy Against COVID‐19
Authors: Esposito Gennaro , Hunashal Yamanappa , Percipalle Mathias , Venit Tomas , Dieng Mame Massar , Fogolari Federico , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza , Piano Fabio , Gunsalus Kristin C. , Idaghdour Youssef , Percipalle Piergiorgio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFollowing the entry into the host cell, SARS‐CoV‐2 replication is mediated by the replication transcription complex (RTC) assembled through a number of nonstructural proteins (Nsps). A monomeric form of Nsp9 is particularly important for RTC assembly and function. In the present study, 136 unique nanobodies targeting Nsp9 are generated. Several nanobodies belonging to different B‐cell lineages are expressed, purified, and characterized. Results from immunoassays applied to purified Nsp9 and neat saliva from coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) patients show that these nanobodies effectively and specifically recognize both recombinant and endogenous Nsp9. Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses supported by molecular dynamics reveal a composite Nsp9 oligomerization pattern and demonstrate that both nanobodies stabilize the tetrameric form of wild‐type Nsp9 also identifying the epitopes on the tetrameric assembly. These results can have important implications in the potential use of these nanobodies to combat viral replication.
High‐Performance Ultrathin Molecular Rectifying Diodes Based on Organic/Inorganic Interface Engineering
Authors: Batista Carlos Vinicius Santos , Merces Leandro , Costa Carlos Alberto Rodrigues , de Camargo Davi Henrique Starnini , Bufon Carlos César Bof 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe bottom‐up engineering of organic/inorganic hybrids is a crucial step toward advanced nanomaterial technologies. Understanding the energy level alignment at hybrid interfaces provides a valuable comprehension of the systems′ electronic properties – which are decisive for well‐designed device applications. Here, active interfaces of ultrathin (≈10 nm) molecular rectifying diodes that are capable of achieving a 4‐order‐magnitude rectification ratio along with 10 MHz cutoff frequency, both in a single nanodevice, are engineered. Atomic force microscopy and Kelvin‐Probe analysis are employed to investigate the surface potential of the hybrid devices′ organic/inorganic interfaces, which comprise a metal (M) electrode in contact with a few‐nanometer‐thick copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) film. Thereby a nanometer‐resolved quantification of the CuPc film work functions as well as the M/CuPc diode's space‐charge densities are delivered. By recognizing that the molecular rectifying diode is a functional building block for nanoscale electronics, the findings address crucial advances to the design of high‐performance molecular rectifiers based on organic/inorganic interface engineering.
Monitoring Autophagy with Atg4B Protease‐Activated Aggregation‐Induced Emission Probe
Authors: Lyu Yanting , Chen Xiaoyan , Wang Qi , Li Qiang , Wang Quan , Li Xiangyu , Zhu Zhirong , Yan Chenxu , Zhao Xiaolei , Zhu Wei‐Hong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutophagy is crucial in the physical development and pathogenesis of disease. Monitoring autophagy is still limited by no real‐time and poor specificity. Herein, the authors report studies of Atg4B enzyme as a biomarker for autophagy and the development of an Atg4B‐responsive aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) probe, termed QM‐GFTN. Particularly, the incorporated peptide unit of GFTN endows good dispersion, but the state can be reversed when the hydrophilic peptide is cleaved by the Atg4B, thus realizing a light‐up fluorescence with high signal/noise (S/N) ratio. The probe exhibits excellent selectivity to Atg4B, and can respond to its activity in solution and living cells, thus efficiently distinguishing autophagy‐active from autophagy‐inactive states, greatly shortening the detection time comparing to the traditional methods. The fluorescence imaging of cells and autophagy‐inhibitor studies indicate that QM‐GFTN is specifically cleaved by Atg4B, and rules out the possibility of its self‐aggregation. By grafting Atg4B‐cleavable peptide to AIE fluorophore, the peptide‐based probe can carry out real‐time visualization of Atg4B activity with guaranteeing high specificity, serving as a great breakthrough to the detection of autophagy process in various autophagic cells, animal tissues, and even human pathological tissues.
Electroluminescent Solar Cells Based on CsPbI3 Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Wang Yao , Duan Chenghao , Zhang Xuliang , Sun Jianguo , Ling Xufeng , Shi Junwei , Hu Long , Zhou Zizhen , Wu Xianxin , Han Wei , Liu Xinfeng , Cazorla Claudio , Chu Dewei , Huang Shujuan , Wu Tom , Yuan Jianyu , Ma Wanli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAll‐inorganic CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I, or mixed halides) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) exhibit tunable optical bandgaps and narrow emission peaks, which have received worldwide interest in the field of both photovoltaics (PVs) and light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Herein, it is reported a discovery that CsPbI3 perovskite QD solar cell can simultaneously deliver high PV performance and intense electroluminescence. In specific, the multifunctional CsPbI3 QD film is fabricated through a simple yet efficient solid‐state‐ligand exchange process using a tailored organic ligand triphenyl phosphite (TPPI). The function of QD surface manipulation using TPPI here is proven to be twofold, balancing the carrier transport and effectively passivating the QD surface to produce conductive and emissive QD film. The CsPbI3 perovskite QD solar cell delivers a champion efficiency of 15.21% with improved open circuit voltage and high fill factor. Concurrently functioning as a red LED, the CsPbI3 perovskite QD solar cell outputs electric power to light conversion efficiency approaching 4%, a record value for QD electroluminescent PVs. The results here indicate that these versatile perovskite QDs may be a promising candidate for fabricating multifunctional optoelectronic devices.
Understanding the Synergistic Effects and Structural Evolution of Co(OH)2 and Co3O4 toward Boosting Electrochemical Charge Storage
Authors: Gao Peng , Zeng Ying , Tang Pei , Wang Zixing , Yang Jiaofeng , Hu Aiping , Liu Jilei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, a novel Co3O4/Co(OH)2 heterostructure is obtained via electrodeposition on nickel (Ni) foam, forming sandwich‐like structure and freestanding electrode. The outer Co(OH)2 with layered structure can provide sufficient absorption sites and enable facile ion intercalation, meanwhile the presence of a conductive and robust interfacial Co3O4 layer between Ni foam and Co(OH)2 is found effectively minimizes the charge transfer resistance and stabilizes the interface, thus improving the electrode's rate and cycling performance with high capacity preserved synergistically. Furthermore, the structural evolution of Co(OH)2 and Co3O4 upon cycling are elucidated systematically using a series of in situ and ex situ techniques. The Co(OH)2 is found irreversibly changed to CoOOH upon first charge, which is then reversibly converted to CoO2 during the subsequent charge–discharge cycles. The Co3O4 exhibits negligible phase changes of the bulk upon cycling, indicating its good structural integrity that contributes to the significantly improved cyclability. In general, this work not only offers an ease and effective approach to optimize the charge storage properties of Co3O4/Co(OH)2 heterostructure via interfacial layer control, but also provides valuable insights in understanding their charge storage mechanisms, which may inspire the development of more heterostructures or extend to other applications.
Convergent Protein Phosphatase Inhibitor Design for PTP1B and TCPTP: Exchangeable Vanadium Coordination Complexes on Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Feng Bo , Dong Yaqiong , Shang Bing , Zhang Bowen , Crans Debbie C. , Yang Xiaoda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDevelopment of potent and specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with desired drug‐like properties is still a challenge. Based on the crystal structures of PTP1B transition state analog consisting of a vanadate peptide, a novel approach is proposed to design PTP1B inhibitors, in which the tyrosyl vanadate ester of a PTP1B peptide mimic (PL1) is stably integrated on the membrane permeable graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The vanadate complexes (GQD‐PL1‐VV) prepared exhibit high potency (Ki = 6 ± 1 × 10−9 m) and selectivity (selectivity index SI >200 for PTP1B versus the T‐cell protein tyrosine phosphatase, TCPTP) in solution and in HepG2 cells. Oral administration of GQD‐PL1‐VV in db/db model mice shows selective PTP1B inhibition in liver and fat tissues and exhibits improved anti‐diabetic activity compared to bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV). Moreover, exchange of PL1 to a TCPTP‐specific ligand (PL2) results in potent TCPTP inhibition (Ki = 59 ± 12 × 10−9 m) as expected with SI ≈23 versus PTP1B. Overall, the present results provide a paradigm shift and a general design of phosphatase inhibitors consisting of GQDs, a complexing targeting ligand and vanadium (V) for selective regulation of PTP1B both in vitro and vivo.
Nanoparticle/Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Biomimetic Constructs
Authors: Yin Yixuan , Liu Tan , Wang Beibei , Yin Bangqi , Yang Yang , Russell Thomas P. , Shi Shaowei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConstructing all‐aqueous systems with tailored geometries can generate a new class of biomimetic materials, a fascinating but challenging goal to achieve. Here, by taking advantage of the interfacial complexation of a polyelectrolyte (PE) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), a unique interfacial PE/CNC complex is demonstrated for the stabilization of aqueous two‐phase systems and for the fabrication of all‐aqueous double emulsions and 3D constructs. The thickness of PE/CNC complex can be effectively adjusted by tuning the osmotic stress imbalance between the two aqueous phases and, during the formation and thickening of PE/CNC complex, individual assemblies can be connected to design hierarchical all‐aqueous structures. This new platform affords tremendous potential for engineering biomimetic constructs with advanced functionality, that can be used for chemical separation, delivery, and biphasic cascading reaction vessels.
Surface Modification Engineering Enabling 4.6 V Single‐Crystalline Ni‐Rich Cathode with Superior Long‐Term Cyclability
Authors: Fan Xin‐Ming , Huang Ying‐De , Wei Han‐Xin , Tang Lin‐Bo , He Zhen‐Jiang , Yan Cheng , Mao Jing , Dai Ke‐Hua , Zheng Jun‐Chao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAiming for increased nickel and lower cobalt content in layered transition metal oxide cathodes (NCM) is a feasible strategy for achieving increased energy density and cost competitiveness in commercial lithium‐ion batteries. However, the practical long‐term cycling of NCM cathodes suffers from severe capacity degradation due to irreversible interface phase transformation and unavoidable crack formation. Herein, an in situ modification strategy is used to form a uniform and conformal Li1.8Sc0.8Ti1.2(PO4)3 (LSTP) protective layer by interconnecting the single‐crystal‐layered LiNi0.6Co0.1Mn0.3O2 (SC‐NCM) particles. LSTP surface modification helps to construct a robust cathode‐electrolyte interphase thin film between the cathode and the electrolyte, which can prevent SC‐NCM corrosion by electrolyte, and the stability of the mechanics can improve the intergranular cracks caused by long cycles under harsh conditions. Moreover, the LSTP conductive modification layer facilitates the lithium‐ion transport among cathode particles, effectively enhancing the rate capability. Impressively, the LSTP modified SC‐NCM exhibits a high reversible capacity of 144.3 mAh g−1 at the high discharge rate of 5 C and maintains a capacity retention of 90.27% even at the ultrahigh charge voltage of 4.6 V operation after 500 cycles. Moreover, in a pouch‐type full battery, the graphite/LSTP modified SC‐NCM maintains a capacity retention of 89.6% after 1700 cycles.
Self‐Adapting Electrochemical Grinding Strategy for Stable Silicon Anode
Authors: Wang Haozheng , Man Han , Yang Jinghao , Zang Jiahe , Che Renchao , Wang Fei , Sun Dalin , Fang Fang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe pulverization of silicon during lithiation/delithiation due to its huge volume change results in a loss of electrochemical activity. In this work, advantage is taken of the unavoidable pulverization and an innovative strategy of in‐situ self‐adapting electrochemical grinding (ECG) is designed for stable silicon anode. MgH2 is utilized as the grinding aid to electrochemically grind micronsized Si particles. During ECG process, the lithiation processes of MgH2 and Si occur at different potentials and both result in appreciable volume expansion, leading to a strong internal stress inside the electrode. With this strong internal stress, the lithiation products of MgH2, i.e., Mg and LiH, would migrate into the cracked Si particles and gradually transform into a conductive matrix consisting of ionic conductive LiH and electronic conductive via partially reversible lithiation of Mg. After ECG process, micronsized Si particles are spontaneously grinded to an equilibrium size, which can accommodate the volume change and ensure the stable cycling. As prepared Si anode delivers an excellent reversible specific capacity of 3228 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of 91% after 200 cycles. The proposed in situ self‐adapting ECG strategy offers a unique perspective for the development of Si‐based anode materials for next‐generation lithium ion batteries.
Polyphosphazene and Non‐Catechol‐Based Antibacterial Injectable Hydrogel for Adhesion of Wet Tissues as Wound Dressing
Authors: Ni Zhipeng , Yu Haojie , Wang Li , Liu Xiaowei , Shen Di , Chen Xiang , Liu Jiyang , Wang Nan , Huang Yudi , Sheng Yan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWound dressings with excellent adhesiveness, antibacterial, self‐healing, hemostasis properties, and therapeutic effects have great significance for the treatment of acute trauma. So far, numerous mussel‐inspired catechol‐based wet adhesives have been reported, opening a pathway for the treatment of acute trauma. However, catechol‐based hydrogels are easily oxidized, which limits their applications. Here, the design of a polyphosphazene and non‐catechol based antibacterial injectable hydrogel is reported as a multifunctional first aid bandage. Inspired by barnacle cement proteins, a series of dynamic phenylborate ester based adhesive hydrogels are prepared by combining the cation–π structure modified polyphosphazene with polyvinyl alcohol. The inherent antibacterial property (4 h antibacterial rate 99.6 ± 0.2%), anti‐mechanical damage, and hemostatic behavior are investigated to confirm multi‐functions of wound dressings. In water, the hydrogels firmly adhere to tissue surfaces through cation–π and π–π interactions as well as hydrogen bonding (adhesion strength = 45 kPa). Moreover, in vivo experiments indicate the hydrogels can shorten the bleeding time and reduce the amount of bleeding by 88%, and significantly accelerate the wound healing rate. These hydrogels have a promising application in the treatment of acute trauma, which is in urgent need of anti‐infection and hemostasis.
In Vivo Antitumor and Antimetastatic Efficacy of a Polyacetal‐Based Paclitaxel Conjugate for Prostate Cancer Therapy
Authors: Fernández Yolanda , Movellan Julie , Foradada Laia , Giménez Vanessa , García‐Aranda Natalia , Mancilla Sandra , Armiñán Ana , Borgos Sven Even , Hyldbakk Astrid , Bogdanska Anna , Gobbo Oliviero L. , Prina‐Mello Adriele , Ponti Jessica , Calzolai Luigi , Zagorodko Oleksandr , Gallon Elena , Niño‐Pariente Amaya , Paul Alison , Schwartz Jr Simó , Abasolo Ibane , Vicent María J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa), one of the leading causes of cancer‐related deaths, currently lacks effective treatment for advanced‐stage disease. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a highly active chemotherapeutic drug and the first‐line treatment for PCa; however, conventional PTX formulation causes severe hypersensitivity reactions and limits PTX use at high concentrations. In the pursuit of high molecular weight, biodegradable, and pH‐responsive polymeric carriers, one conjugates PTX to a polyacetal‐based nanocarrier to yield a tert‐Ser‐PTX polyacetal conjugate. tert‐Ser‐PTX conjugate provides sustained release of PTX over 2 weeks in a pH‐responsive manner while also obtaining a degree of epimerization of PTX to 7‐epi‐PTX. Serum proteins stabilize tert‐Ser‐PTX, with enhanced stability in human serum versus PBS (pH 7.4). In vitro efficacy assessments in PCa cells demonstrate IC50 values above those for the free form of PTX due to the differential cell trafficking modes; however, in vivo tolerability assays demonstrate that tert‐Ser‐PTX significantly reduces the systemic toxicities associated with free PTX treatment. tert‐Ser‐PTX also effectively inhibits primary tumor growth and hematologic, lymphatic, and coelomic dissemination, as confirmed by in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence imaging and histopathological evaluations in mice carrying orthotopic LNCaP tumors. Overall, the results suggest the application of tert‐Ser‐PTX as a robust antitumor/antimetastatic treatment for PCa.
RNA and Protein Delivery by Cell‐Secreted and Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Wang Bryan Z. , Luo Lori J. , Vunjak‐Novakovic Gordana 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are carriers of biological signals through export and delivery of RNAs and proteins. Of increasing interest is the use of EVs as a platform for delivery of biomolecules. Preclinical studies have effectively used EVs to treat a number of diseases. Uniquely, endogenous machinery within cells can be manipulated in order to produce desirable loading of cargo within secreted EVs. In order to inform the development of such approaches, an understanding of the cellular mechanisms by which cargo is sorted to EVs is required. Here, the current knowledge of cargo sorting within EVs is reviewed. Here is given an overview of recent bioengineering approaches that leverage these advances. Methods of externally manipulating EV cargo are also discussed. Finally, a perspective on the current challenges of EVs as a drug delivery platform is offered. It is proposed that standardized bioengineering methods for therapeutic EV preparation will be required to create a well‐defined clinical product.