bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Shock Absorbing Composites by Impregnating Woven Fabrics with Shear Thickening Fluids
Authors: Saha Aaditya , Avett Fred 
Published: August 2021

Millions of sports and recreation-related injuries occur each year. Different shock-absorbing solutions, such as polyethylene and polyurethane foams, are used in helmets and protective equipment, but one area most sports-gear manufacturers have not explored is the usage of shear thickening fluids (STFs). An STF is a material that is soft under normal conditions but acts rigid when stressed or pressured. STF composites were fabricated and tested with the goal of exploring their viability for use in shock-absorption applications, especially for sports.
The role of fabric- and particle-type, particle-to-carrier fluid ratios, nano-particle additives, and the thickness of the composite were studied, and were all hypothesized to have an effect on the impact-resistance of the fabricated STF-composites. Drop-tests were conducted by releasing a 1.1-lb. weight from an electromagnet onto the composites. An impact-force sensor was placed underneath. The weight and height of the drop were chosen to simulate the hardest recorded NFL hit.
All hypothesized factors were found to affect impact resistance. The combination of nylon-fabric impregnated by an STF mix of propylene-glycol and silica-nanoparticles, with a cerium-oxide nano-particle additive, displayed better shock-absorption behavior than other fabricated composites. All of the STF-composites also outperformed tested commercial shock-absorption materials despite being thinner and more flexible. These results demonstrate the potential of using STF-impregnated textile fabrics for protective composites for sportswear, as well as for non-sport shock-absorption applications, like in military vests and helmets, and aerospace applications. Further research is necessary to work towards a final product which can be used.
The Tonal Representations of Violence in PG-13 Rated Cinema
Authors: Guigliano Michael , Olivo Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Exposure to different tones of movie violence has been shown to affect viewers in different ways. Particularly, exposure to violence designed to evoke a comedic reaction may cause an overall desensitization to violence, more so than violence of a serious nature. There is a significant gap in current literature regarding analysis of the nature of different tones of movie violence. This study seeks to explore said gap, particularly with regards to PG-13 rated movies. Eight PG-13 rated films were randomly selected from 1984 to 2019 and through a mixed-method approach, were each subjected to a content analysis. All eight of the films contained at least one instance of comedic violence, but the presence of serious violence was significantly more prevalent. Instances of comedic violence were all supported through stylistic and theoretical indications of comedy. This study finds that some of the most highly viewed films engage in the practice of making violence humorous, which has been found to have a negative effect on viewers. Future research should apply the method developed for this study on a broader scale and to different genres of film.
Temperature and volatile organic compound concentrations as controlling factors for chemical composition of α-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol
Authors: Jensen Louise N. , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Kristensen Kasper , Quéléver Lauriane L. J. , Rosati Bernadette , Teiwes Ricky , Glasius Marianne , Pedersen Henrik B. , Ehn Mikael , Bilde Merete 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This work investigates the individual and combined effects of temperature
and volatile organic compound precursor concentrations on the chemical
composition of particles formed in the dark ozonolysis of α-pinene.
All experiments were conducted in a 5 m3 Teflon chamber at an initial
ozone concentration of 100 ppb and initial α-pinene concentrations
of 10 and 50 ppb, respectively; at constant temperatures of 20, 0, or −15 ∘C; and at changing
temperatures (ramps) from −15 to 20 and from 20
to −15 ∘C. The chemical composition of the
particles was probed using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass
spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). A four-factor solution of a positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of
the combined HR-ToF-AMS data is presented. The PMF analysis and the
elemental composition analysis of individual experiments show that secondary
organic aerosol particles with the highest oxidation level are formed from
the lowest initial α-pinene concentration (10 ppb) and at the
highest temperature (20 ∘C). A higher initial α-pinene
concentration (50 ppb) and/or lower temperature (0 or −15 ∘C) results in a lower oxidation level of the molecules contained in
the particles. With respect to the carbon oxidation state, particles formed at 0 ∘C are more comparable to particles formed at −15 ∘C
than to those formed at 20 ∘C. A remarkable observation is that
changes in temperature during particle formation result in only minor
changes in the elemental composition of the particles. Thus, the temperature at
which aerosol particle formation is induced seems to be a critical
parameter for the particle elemental composition. Comparison of the HR-ToF-AMS-derived estimates of the content of organic
acids in the particles based on m/z 44 in the mass spectra show good
agreement with results from off-line molecular analysis of particle filter
samples collected from the same experiments. Higher temperatures are
associated with a decrease in the absolute mass concentrations of organic
acids (R-COOH) and organic acid functionalities (-COOH), while the organic
acid functionalities account for an increasing fraction of the measured
particle mass.
Assessing the effect of topography on Cs-137 concentrations within forested soils due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, Japan
Authors: Yasumiishi Misa , Nishimura Taku , Aldstadt Jared , Bennett Sean J. , Bittner Thomas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Topographic effects on Cs-137 concentrations in a forested area were quantitatively examined using 58 soil core samples collected in a village in Fukushima, Japan, which was directly impacted by the radioactive plume emitted during the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. In this study, five topographic parameters and two soil properties were evaluated as controls on the soil Cs-137 concentration using generalized additive models (GAMs), a flexible statistical method for evaluating the functional dependencies of multiple parameters. GAMs employing soil dry bulk density, mass water content, and elevation explained 54 % of the observed concentrations of Cs-137 within this landscape, whereas GAMs employing elevation, slope, and upslope distance explained 47 % of the observed concentrations, which provide strong evidence of topographic effects on Cs-137 concentrations in soils. The model fit analysis confirmed that the topographic effects are strongest when multiple topographic parameters and soil properties are included. The
ability of each topographic feature to predict Cs-137 concentrations was
influenced by the resolution of the digital elevation models. The movement
of Cs-137 into the subsurface in this area near Fukushima was faster in
comparison to regions affected by the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident. These results suggest that the effects of topographic parameters
should be considered carefully in the use of anthropogenic radionuclides as
environmental tracers and in the assessment of current and future
environmental risks due to nuclear power plant accidents.
Integrating macroseismic intensity distributions with a probabilistic approach: an application in Italy
Authors: Antonucci Andrea , Rovida Andrea , D'Amico Vera , Albarello Dario 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The geographic distribution of earthquake effects quantified in terms of
macroseismic intensities, the so-called macroseismic field, provides basic
information for several applications including source characterization of
pre-instrumental earthquakes and risk analysis. Macroseismic fields of past
earthquakes as inferred from historical documentation may present spatial
gaps, due to the incompleteness of the available information. We present a
probabilistic approach aimed at integrating incomplete intensity distributions
by considering the Bayesian combination of estimates provided by intensity
prediction equations (IPEs) and data documented at nearby localities,
accounting for the relevant uncertainties and the discrete and ordinal nature
of intensity values. The performance of the proposed methodology is tested at
28 Italian localities with long and rich seismic histories and for two
well-known strong earthquakes (i.e., 1980 southern Italy and 2009 central
Italy events). A possible application of the approach is also illustrated
relative to a 16th-century earthquake in the northern Apennines.
Becoming authentic multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary researchers: methodological practices and outcomes
Authors: Brien Donna Lee , McAllister Margaret 
Published: August 2021

This article outlines successful practices employed by two experienced researchers from different knowledge fields (in this case, creative writing/applied arts and nursing/applied science) who bring diverse research methodologies and approaches to work on multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary projects. Defining single discipline, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research, and based on a review of their own disciplinary – as well as multidisciplinary and traditional ‘mixed methods’, research methodologies – this article investigates how these researchers navigate the range of available methodologies to both make meaning in their research projects and also allow a wide, and project-relevant, dissemination of their findings. It profiles completed collaborative projects and evaluates the approaches utilised, including how this rationale has influenced their practice as higher degree research student supervisors.
To the very ground of meaning, to vary the ground of meaning
Authors: Keane Jondi 
Published: August 2021

Parody may be understood as the absorption of a revolutionary impulse into the everyday production of meaning as continuous variation and soft subversion. Considered in this way, parody is transformative because it operates on the components within a system of meaning and/or the context, logic or spatial perspective that grounds the possibility of meaning. It is the conditions under which shared meaning, sense and sensation depend that I aim to unpack in order to suggest the ways in which parody can alter a person’s relationship to the world. Approaching parody as a mode of lived abstraction and an embodied approach to affective self-organisation, body-environment co-construction and a challenge to identity, it becomes possible to move from formal concerns to a set of transformative practices. Thus parody indicates where the anchors of embodied, embedded, extended, enacted and affective are dug in and hold identity and the ground of meaning in a steady state. This article examines how parody moves from the impulse to overthrow and invert – ‘Beneath the street, The beach’ – to a collective impulse that moves the ground of meaning into a reconfigurative process that is allows totalised systems of meaning to collide and intersect. What is left is not the rubble and ruins of meaning but revitalised fragments, stems cells of meaning ready-tobe-remade. A lineage of parodic works will be paraded and discussed that directly address the tacit relation of ground, horizon, orientation and position. This parody parade will form the basis of a critique and the analysis of the ontological orientations that for example, opposing systems of perspective insert as the very ground of meaning. The implication leads to the assertion that all descriptions of the world, universe and the cosmos are parodies in search of an origin.
Implicit acts of filth: the parodic virtues of cleanliness
Authors: van Herk Aritha 
Published: August 2021

From ‘the Wolf’ Wolfe in Quentin Tarantino’s Pulp Fiction to the laundress in Kate Grenville’s Joan Makes History, the act of nettoyage is called into service as an intertextual gesture toward decoding all that is virtuous (or not), all that is filthy (or not). As an inevitable repetition or agent of redundancy, complete with all the recursive energies of concealment and discovery, cleaning and the cleaner serve a parodic practice that has been entirely overlooked in its representation in various forms of narrative (fiction, film, and image). Parody may be, as Hutcheon claims, ’a more restricted form, in pragmatic terms, than allusion or quotation’ (1985: 50), but it has also not been accorded the power that it wields in a quotidian presence, its gestural and recitative marking performing a contestation that is ignored because it is ‘unmarked’ (60). In short, its association with the erotic and the criminal, erasure and commodification, make nettoyage a transgressive site in disguise. Scouring and laundering’s ‘transcontextualizing’ power resides in its invisibility, and its work as an ’authorized transgression’ (Hutcheon 1985: 101) enunciates a persistent parodic presence in an aesthetically incognizant world. The play of disinfectant as part of Foucault’s ’writing of things’ thus alludes to parody’s most powerful affect: its connection to the most ordinary and quotidian of gestures, doubled by cultural aesthetic and instructional pragmatism.
Pathology or intervention? – Deleuze’s masochism and its relation to parody
Authors: Pont Antonia 
Published: August 2021

In his 1967 work, Presentation of Sacher-Masoch – Coldness and Cruelty (2007), Gilles Deleuze famously distinguishes the symptomatologies commonly designated by the names Masochism and Sadism, arguing that despite their shared feature of algolagnia, they are more rigorously approached as two very distinct regimes, having nothing to do with the ‘economy’ of the other. In the work’s preface, Deleuze also notes about Sacher-Masoch himself: ’His whole oeuvre remains influenced by the problem of minorities, of nationalities and of revolutionary movements’ (2007: 9). Deleuze identifies that, within Masoch’s oeuvre, the masochist is he (normally a ‘he’) who insists on the contract. This insistence is neither to honour any particular contract or contracting per se, nor to safeguard himself within it, but to perform, through parodying it to its letter and pushing its operation towards its own limit, the inherent injustice that is its inexorable outcome. This article seeks to explore, using Masochistic ‘humouring’ or mockery of the contract as example, what might constitute a practice of intervention in regimes of power, and in which instances these iterations serve instead only as gestures of complicity with the injustices of the established logics. The article seeks to clarify, at the level of mechanism, a region of parody’s slippery operation, one which would determine the criteria for it to be intervention, as opposed to functioning as compliance and ‘bare repetition’ or ‘repetition of the Same’ (see Deleuze 2004: 27).
The spaces between: examining young adult creative practice within an academic context
Authors: Eaton Anthony 
Published: August 2021

Drawing upon ideas of practice-led research outlined by Webb and Brien (2008), and considering these within the context of my own creative practice, this article explores the intersections of the positions of writer-as-teacher, writer-as-artist, and writer-as-scholar. This is contextualized with reference to three of my creative works from different phases of my career, A New Kind of Dreaming (2001), Fireshadow (2005) and Daywards (2010). Framed by Webb’s argument for the appropriateness of Bourdieu’s ideas to practice-led research (2012) and Nodelman’s suggestions about the relationship between habitus and the agency of young-adult writers (2008), it will examine the degree to which my construction of young protagonists has been shaped by, and has in turn shaped, my changing habitus as a practicing young adult writer and scholar of children’s literature. Drawing upon my dual roles as scholar and teacher of creative writing within the academy, and reader and scholar of children’s literature studies, it argues that the liminality of the scholarly/creative space emerging from this nexus has impacted upon the ways I consider and construct my ‘child’ characters and my own position in relation to them.
Las Habilidades Blandas Factor Clave Para El Desempeño De Los Ingenieros
Authors: SANCHÉZ SOTO RUBÉN 
Published: August 2021

El trabajo analizó los impactos de la no consideración de las habilidades blandas en los programas de formación de los nuevos ingenieros.
El diseño de la investigación fue cualitativo y correlacional teniendo como objetivo determinar la correlación de la no consideración de las diferentes habilidades blandas en el desempeño de los ingenieros, en sus diferentes facetas de trabajo.
Según James Albert Michener: "Los científicos sueñan con hacer grandes cosas; los ingenieros simplemente las hacen" (Tribuno, 2020). La investigación se inició evaluando el rol de la ingeniería en la sociedad.
A continuación, se analizó la definición de las habilidades blandas y sus aplicaciones, la necesidad de éstas en la formación de los ingenieros, el rol de éstas en el ejercicio de la gestión de proyectos, y finalmente su función en el desempeño gerencial de los ingenieros. Estas son las diferentes facetas en las cuales los ingenieros desarrollan su ejercicio profesional.
Según los resultados alcanzados la ingeniería es responsable de los avances de la sociedad, pero para responder a estos enormes retos se observó el rol de las habilidades blandas en su proceso de formación; ya que, cubriendo satisfactoriamente este reto, se podría responder mejor a los retos de la sociedad.
DETERMINATION OF THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT MOTHERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS IMMUNIZATION IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA
Authors: Brotobor D. , Nwadike I. , Edeawe O. I. , Izekor O. C. , Olowogboye J. 
Published: August 2021

Vaccination demand and acceptance depends on several factors that are quite broad and complex. The knowledge and attitude of a mother to childhood immunization play a key role in immunization coverage. Low immunization coverage in Nigeria is mostly attributed to poor knowledge, compliance, accessibility and inappropriate attitude among other factors. Poor compliance with full immunization is believed to be the most significant reason for low immunization coverage in the country due to socio-cultural obstacles to the acceptance of immunization. Aim: This study aims to assess the factors that determine the attitude of mothers towards immunization. Methodology: A hundred (100) mothers were recruited into this cross-sectional descriptive study using a simple random sampling technique. Data collection was performed by using a structured questionnaire. This study was carried out in Ukpenu community in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. This study was carried out in the Ukpenu community in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. 100 mothers were recruited into the study using a simple random sampling technique. Result: The results showed that the respondents have a positive attitude towards immunization. This was evident in the immunization report. Their record revealed that most of their children were fully immunized. This is seen in their readiness to fully immunize their children against childhood vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), their willingness to recommend full immunization of children to their friends, relatives and other women, and their readiness to purchase the vaccines if they are no longer available free of charge to ensure that their children are fully immunized. It was discovered that educational status plays a contributory role in the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards immunization. Conclusion: Maternal health education should be sustained to ensure continuous compliance and a positive attitude of mothers towards immunization.
Constructing a Conceptual Framework for Quantitative Data Analysis in Social Science Research
Authors: Mugizi Wilson 
Published: August 2021

The article proposes how to construct a conceptual framework in social science research using the quantitative paradigm. The purpose of the paper is to provide a guideline for drawing a conceptual framework to students writing proposals based on scientific justification for data analysis. The paper explains how constructs are interlinked to develop a conceptual framework. The article argues that a conceptual framework is not a fixed network of variables but possesses ontological, epistemological, and methodological assumptions and each concept within a conceptual framework plays an ontological or epistemological role. The ontological assumptions explain how knowledge is or what knowledge is, the epistemological assumptions relate to how things really are done and how things certainly work in an assumed reality, and the methodological assumptions relate to the process of building the conceptual framework and assessing what it can tell us about the real world. Therefore, the conceptual frame shows how variables are interlinked, how analysis will be carried out and how the subsequent model will look like. In conclusion, the conceptual framework is not a form of fixed diagram but portrays the kind of analysis that will be or has been carried out in a study.
La bronchiolite aiguë du nourrisson: à propos de 112 cas hospitalisés au département pédiatrie du CHU Gabriel Touré
Authors: Doumbia AK , Togo P , Coulibaly O , Dembélé A , Sacko K , Maiga B , Cissé ME , Konaté D , Traoré F , Diall H , Coulibaly A , Diakité AA , Dicko FT , Sylla M , Togo B 
Published: August 2021

Introduction : Les infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA) constituent l'une des principales causes de morbidité et de mortalité infantile au Mali. L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques de la bronchiolite aiguë du nourrisson au service de pédiatrie du CHU Gabriel Touré.
Méthodologie: Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective portant sur 112 nourrissons âgés de 1 à 24 mois hospitalisés dans le service de pédiatrie générale pour bronchiolite aiguë. L'étude s'étalait sur une période d'un an (du 1er janvier au 31 décembre 2012).
Résultats: Les nourrissons âgés de 1 à 6 mois étaient majoritaires (69%). L'âge moyen des patients était de 6 mois avec des extrêmes de 1 et 24 mois. Le sexe masculin était prédominant (63%) avec un sex-ratio de 1,73. Le principal motif de consultation était la difficulté respiratoire (87%). Le pic d'hospitalisation était au mois de novembre (33%). Les principaux signes cliniques en plus des sibilants étaient la toux, la rhinorrhée et la détresse respiratoire (97%). La fièvre était présente dans 38% des cas et la cyanose chez 4% des patients. La saturation en oxygène était inférieure à 94% chez 50% des patients. La kinésithérapie respiratoire a été faite chez un tiers des malades. Tous les malades avaient reçu une corticothérapie et une nébulisation avec du salbutamol et sérum physiologique. Une antibiothérapie a été faite chez 85% des patients. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 6 jours avec des extrêmes de 1 et 30 jours. Le taux de guérison était de 98 %.
Conclusion : La bronchiolite est une pathologie bénigne et fréquente chez le nourrisson de 1 à 6 mois qui évolue favorablement dans la majorité des cas.