bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
تحليل التوزيع الجغرافي لعمليات الإرهابية في العراق للمدة 2003-2018
Authors: Al-Nashi Thaer Ghalib Mezyad , Al-Kaabi Ali AbdulAmir Sajit 
Published: April 2021

أظهرت الدراسة ان حجم العمليات الإرهابية في العراق بلغ (26165) عملية تباينت في توزيعها الجغرافي بين محافظات العراق واتضح ان تركز العمليات الإرهابية كان على أشده في محافظة بغداد، إذ بلغ حجم العمليات فيها (7854) عملية، بأهمية نسبية (30%)، فيما بلغ حجم السكان فيها (8,126,755) بأهمية نسبية (21,3) % من سكان العراق لعام 2018. فيما سجل أدنى حجم للعمليات الإرهابية خلال مدة الدراسة في عام 2003 بلغ (102) عملية بأهمية نسبية (0.04%)، في حين سجل أكبر حجم في عام 2014 بلغ (3931) عملية إرهابية بأهمية نسبية (15) %.
كما بينت الدراسة ظهور نطاق مرتفع من العمليات الإرهابية يحيط بالعاصمة بغداد في المحافظات التي تتميز بتركيبة سكانية متنوعة في محافظات (بغداد، ديالى، صلاح الدين، نينوى، كركوك). وبواسطة تحليل صلة الجوار لمعرفة نمط توزيع العمليات الإرهابية في العراق، تبين ان قيمة الجار الأقرب (0.46(وهذا يعني أن التوزيع متجمع غير منتظم واتضح من خلال الشكل البيضاوي ان اتجاه التوزيع الجغرافي للعمليات الإرهابية في العراق يمتد باتجاه شمالي غربي جنوبي شرقي ضم جميع مساحة محافظة بغداد ومعظم محافظة صلاح الدين ومحافظة ديالى ومناطق شرق محافظة الأنبار وجنوب شرق محافظة نينوى وشرق محافظة كركوك، وتقدر مساحة هذه الشكل ب (87010) كم2 بنسبة (20%) من مساحة العراق البالغة (435052) كم2.
Aluminum and Tau in Neurofibrillary Tangles in Familial Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mold Matthew John , O’Farrell Adam , Morris Benjamin , Exley Christopher 
Published: April 2021

Background: Familial Alzheimer’s disease (fAD) is driven by genetic predispositions affecting the expression and metabolism of the amyloid-β protein precursor. Aluminum is a non-essential yet biologically-reactive metal implicated in the etiology of AD. Recent research has identified aluminum intricately and unequivocally associated with amyloid-β in senile plaques and, more tentatively, co-deposited with neuropil-like threads in the brains of a Colombian cohort of donors with fAD. Objective: Herein, we have assessed the co-localization of aluminum to immunolabelled phosphorylated tau to probe the potential preferential binding of aluminum to senile plaques or neurofibrillary tangles in the same Colombian kindred. Methods: Herein, we have performed phosphorylated tau-specific immunolabelling followed by aluminum-specific fluorescence microscopy of the identical brain tissue sections via a sequential labelling method. Results: Aluminum was co-localized with immunoreactive phosphorylated tau in the brains of donors with fAD. While aluminum was predominantly co-located to neurofibrillary tangles in the temporal cortex, aluminum was more frequently co-deposited with cortical senile plaques. Conclusion: These data suggest that the co-deposition of aluminum with amyloid-β precedes that with neurofibrillary tangles. Extracellularly deposited amyloid-β may also be more immediately available to bind aluminum versus intracellular aggregates of tau. Therapeutic approaches to reduce tau have demonstrated the amelioration of its synergistic interactions with amyloid-β, ultimately reducing tau pathology and reducing neuronal loss. These data support the intricate associations of aluminum in the neuropathology of fAD, of which its subsequent reduction may further therapeutic benefits observed in ongoing clinical trials in vivo.
Oxaliplatin Neuropathy: Predictive Values of Skin Biopsy, QST and Nerve Conduction
Authors: Krøigård Thomas , Svendsen Toke K. , Wirenfeldt Martin , Schrøder Henrik D. , Qvortrup Camilla , Pfeiffer Per , Gaist David , Sindrup Søren H. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy negatively affects the quality of life for patients with gastrointestinal cancers and may cause neuropathic pain. Measures of peripheral nerve structure or function, such as intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) during treatment could reduce neuropathy severity through individualized dose reduction. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the predictive values of IENFD, quantitative sensory testing (QST), and nerve conduction studies (NCS) for significant neuropathy and neuropathic pain. Methods: Fifty-five patients were examined prospectively before, during, and six months following treatment using skin biopsies, QST and NCS. Clinically significant neuropathy six months after treatment was defined as reduced Total Neuropathy Score of more than five and neuropathic pain was assessed according to International Association for the Study of Pain criteria. Results: Thirty patients had a clinically significant neuropathy, and 14 had neuropathic pain. Vibration detection threshold (VDT) before treatment was correlated with clinically significant neuropathy six months after treatment (OR 0.54, p = 0.01) and reductions in cold detection threshold (CDT) after 25% of treatment (OR 1.38, p = 0.04) and heat pain threshold (HPT) after 50% of treatment (OR 1.91, p = 0.03) with neuropathic pain. Cut off values of 5 for baseline VDT and changes of more than –0.05 °C and –0.85 °C in CDT and HPT were estimated. Sensitivity and specificity was low to moderate. There was no correlation between changes in IENFD or NCS and significant neuropathy or neuropathic pain. Conclusions: Vibration detection thresholds and thermal detection thresholds may be useful for prediction of clinically significant and painful neuropathy, respectively. However, low to moderate sensitivity and specificity may limit the predictive value in clinical practice.
Imaging pediatric acute head trauma using 100-kVp low dose CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR-V) in single rotation on a 16 cm wide-detector CT
Authors: Zhu Yanan , Pi Zhian , Zhou Heping , Li Zhengjun , Lei Faqing , Hui Jianjun , Zhang Ximeng , Xie Juanping , Liang Yukun 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the ability of achieving low dose and high-quality head CT images for children with acute head trauma using 100 kVp and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR-V) algorithm in single rotation on a 16 cm wide-detector system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the CT dose index (CTDI) and image quality of 104 children aged 0–6 years with acute head trauma (1 hour –3 days) in two groups: Group 1( n = 50) on a 256-row CT with single rotation at a reduced-dose of 100 kVp/240 mA and reconstructed using ASIR-V at 70%level; Group 2( n = 54) on a 64-row CT with multiple rotations at a standard dose of 120 kVp/ 180mA and reconstructed using a conventional filtered back-projection (FBP). Both groups used the 0.5 s/r axial scan mode. CT dose index (CTDI) and quantitative image quality measurements were compared using the Student t test; qualitative image quality comparison was carried out using Mann-Whitney rank test and the inter-reviewer agreement was evaluated using Kappa test. RESULTS: The exposure time was 0.5 s for Group 1 and 3.27±0.29 s for Group 2. The CTDI in Group 1 was 9.74±0.86mGy, 36.38%lower than the 15.31mGy in Group 2 ( p < 0.001). Group 1 and Group 2 had similar artifact index (2.06±1.06 vs. 2.37±1.18) in the cerebellar hemispheres, and similar contrast-to-noise ratio (2.32±0.83 vs. 1.69±0.68), (1.47±0.72 vs. 1.10±0.43) respectively for cerebellum and thalamus ( p > 0.05). Image quality was acceptable for diagnosis, and motion artifacts were reduced in Group 1 ( p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Single rotation CT with 100 kVp and 70%ASIR-V on 16 cm wide-detector CT reduces radiation dose and motion artifacts for children with acute head trauma without compromising diagnostic quality as compared with standard dose protocol. Thus, it provides a novel imaging method in management of pediatric acute head trauma.
Spatial variability of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Silesian voivodeship, Poland
Authors: Kowalska M , Hudzik G , Wodzisławska-Czapla D , Kaleta A , Zejda J E 
Published: April 2021

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br /><strong>INTRODUCTION.</strong> SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and related to infection COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) remain a new and global challenge for public health. Due to the location, specifics of employment, and the high density of population in the Silesia voivodeship it is appropriate to study the available epidemiological data in a region with a potentially higher risk of infection.<br /><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS.</strong> In the descriptive model of the study, data on the number of infected, hospitalized, and dead people due to SARS-CoV-2 infection were analyzed. The source of information was daily reports conducted by the Provincial Sanitary and Epidemiological Station in Katowice, in the period from March 5 to August 18, 2020.<br /><strong>RESULTS.</strong> Results of antigenic molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Silesian voivodeship indicate that in the first half of 2020, the infection rate was approximately 5% and the symptomatic form of the disease was approximately 20%.<br /><strong>CONCLUSIONS.</strong> The analysis of the frequency of infection and mortality in the poviats reveals a large variation in the occurrence of both phenomena, but the explanation of this difference is not possible due to the descriptive nature of the analysis and the secondary form of epidemiological data.</p>
<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE</strong><br /><strong>WSTĘP.</strong> Zakażenie wirusem SARS-CoV-2 i związana z nim choroba COVID-19 stanowią nowe, globalne wyzwanie dla zdrowia publicznego. Z uwagi na lokalizację i specyfikę zatrudnienia oraz duże zagęszczenie liczby mieszkańców w województwie śląskim, celowe jest badanie dostępnych danych epidemiologicznych w regionie o potencjalnie większym ryzyku zakażenia.<br /><strong>MATERIAŁ I METODY.</strong> W modelu badania opisowego przeanalizowano dane o liczbie zakażonych, liczbie zgonów i osób hospitalizowanych w związku z zakażeniem SARS-CoV-2. Źródłem informacji były dzienne raporty prowadzone przez Wojewódzką Stację Sanitarno-Epidemiologiczną w Katowicach, w okresie od 05 marca do 18 sierpnia 2020 roku.<br /><strong>WYNIKI.</strong> Wyniki antygenowych badań molekularnych w kierunku zakażenia wirusem SARS-CoV-2 w województwie śląskim wskazują, że w pierwszym półroczu 2020 roku częstość zakażeń kształtowała się na poziomie około 5%, a częstość objawowej postaci choroby na poziomie około 20%.<br /><strong>WNIOSKI.</strong> Analiza częstości zakażeń oraz śmiertelności w układzie terytorialnym województwa (powiaty) ujawnia duże zróżnicowanie występowania obu zjawisk, przy czym wyjaśnienie tego zróżnicowania nie jest możliwe ze względu na opisowy charakter analizy oraz tzw. wtórną postać danych epidemiologicznych.</p>
Happy Elderly Through Elderly School: Collaboration in Empowering Elderly in Bandung City
Authors: Artisa Rike Anggun , Kirana Cintantya Andhita Dara 
Published: April 2021

The development of a paradigm in which the government no longer the only actor in charge of public affairs opens greater opportunities for the elderly to get attention. The elderly become a group with vulnerable conditions, from physical, social, mental, and spiritual aspects. The elderly school was formed through collaboration as a form of caring for the elderly in Bandung City. The elderly school is intended to improve the knowledge and behavior of the elderly towards health, increase the index of happiness, improve the quality of life and productivity, and increase independence from physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the factors that drive collaboration, the collaborative process, and the benefits of collaboration. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results show that the collaboration in the elderly school program is driven by the same goals and interests related to empowering the elderly, having appropriate resources with their fields and functions, and getting benefits from their involvement. Then, the collaborative process begins with a dialogue to build trust among stakeholders to build commitment to this program. Collaboration in senior schools is not only beneficial for the elderly but also for the actors involved.
A case report: Early findings of distal vessel occlusion pre and post-thrombolysis using three-dimensional black blood vessel wall imaging in acute stroke.
Authors: Kamis Mohd Fandi Al Khafiz , Peck Kee Chia , Mohd Yaakob Mohd Naim , Abdul Rahim Ezamin , Muda Ahmad Sobri , Mohd Sabri Mohd Naqib , Abd Ghani Fatimatulzahra 
Published: April 2021

Distal vessel occlusion of an eloquent area in acute stroke may lead to significant disability. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging enable direct visualization of thrombus within the small distal intracranial artery. The evolution of medical devices for mechanical thrombectomy has allowed the smaller distal vessels to be treated. It may change the approach to how we treat distal vessel occlusion in the future. This case highlights the value of three-dimensional black blood vessel wall imaging assessing distal vessel occlusion and respond towards reperfusion therapy.
Modelo de optimización de la cadena de distribución de la agricultura familiar campesina en las parroquias Quingeo y Santa Ana del Cantón Cuenca
Authors: Piedra Rivas María Cecilia , Banegas Campoverde Christian Mauricio , Castillo Ortega Yonimiler 
Published: April 2021

Introducción. La comercialización efectiva, así como la entrega directa de productos hacia el consumidor, por parte de familias de agricultores, requiere de un conocimiento eficaz de la dinámica de las cadenas de distribución. Tradicionalmente esto se obtiene mediante la mejora de las cadenas de valor y el acceso a los mercados, sin embargo, existen otros factores críticos que están involucrados en el proceso y que además pueden interactuar de manera distinta en cada comunidad. Objetivo Establecer un modelo de optimización de la cadena de distribución de la agricultura familiar campesina de las parroquias Quingeo y Santa Ana. Metodología se basó en la elaboración de encuestas para diagnosticar los principales obstáculos a lo largo de las rutas de la agricultura familiar campesina. Resultados Este estudio muestra que los problemas más graves que tienen los agricultores son la falta de mercado, transporte, precios injustos y difusión. En segundo lugar, aparecen también como problemas importantes el fortalecimiento organizativo y asistencia técnica. Conclusión. Se concluyó que el estudio permitió definir un modelo de optimización de la cadena de distribución que visualiza la complejidad del proceso.
El Valor Agregado Bruto, la corrupción y la desigualdad en Ecuador. Un análisis descriptivo y correlacional.
Authors: Nievecela Lema Johanna Maricela , Covri Rivera Daniele , Castillo Ortega Yonimiler 
Published: April 2021

Introducción. En el presente documento se analiza Valor Agregado Bruto (VAB) de los sectores económicos de la economía ecuatoriana para el periodo 2000-2019, para de esta manera determinar los sectores más influyentes de la misma; además de buscar una relación entre el crecimiento económico utilizando el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) frente al Índice de Percepción de Corrupción (IPC) mismo que es el resultado de un fenómeno que se ve influenciado por muchos otros factores como lo es el económico; posteriormente se desarrollará una relación entre la desigualdad expresada por el Coeficiente de Gini con el IPC. Los resultados obtenidos comparten concordancia con investigaciones en donde se evidencia que la corrupción actúa como freno para el incremento del PIB, y con ello la desigualdad. Esta investigación no busca dar conclusiones de como mejorar el IPC y la desigualdad, si no da puerta al debate sobre el problema de corrupción existente en el Ecuador. Metodología. El diseño de investigación fue cuantitativa y cualitativa, el primero de carácter no experimental longitudinal que permitió el análisis de las variables estudiadas en el periodo de tiempo. Recopilando datos de fuentes oficiales. Resultados. Entre los resultados del análisis del Valor Agregado Bruto destaca el sector manufacturero con una participación del 11,875, seguido por el sector comercial con el 10,55% y el sector de petróleo y minas con el 10,42%, además el resultado de la correlación entre PIB e índice de Percepción de Corrupción de 0.837 indica una relación lineal directa; en tanto para la correlación de índice de percepción de Corrupción y Coeficiente de Gini existe una relación lineal inversa la ser el resultado de -0.731 Conclusión. Se concluyó que el sector manufacturero es el más fuerte de economía ecuatoriana, sin embargo, los sectores de comercio y el petróleo y minas no se quedan muy atrás de la primera; además la corrupción y desigualdad han minado el crecimiento económico del Ecuador en el periodo analizado.
Estágio Supervisionado docente: Uma experiência vivenciada por licenciandos em Biologia em uma escola estadual de Teresina-PI
Authors: Silva Jailson do Nascimento , Brito Marilha Vieira de , Silva Junielson Soares da , Carvalho Maria Raquel Veras de , Sá Gisele Holanda de , Leite Hernando Henrique Batista , Silva Verônica Brito da , Valente Sérgio Emílio dos Santos 
Published: April 2021

O Estágio Supervisionado docente é de grande importância para o licenciando, se configurando em uma oportunidade de ter contato com seu futuro ambiente de trabalho. A construção da identidade do professor não pode e nem deve ser considerada somente pelos conhecimentos teóricos adquiridos ao longo da sua formação, sendo o estágio docente o ápice do processo de formação inicial docente. Nesse sentido, a proposta deste trabalho é relatar, as experiências vivenciadas por licenciandos no estágio supervisionado docente em biologia, e suas contribuições para a formação do professor. Durante a convivência, pontos importantes para a formação de um bom profissional foram analisados, como a postura do professor e a capacidade de identificar as necessidades dos alunos e da turma como um todo. O estágio é um processo importante e indispensável para a formação docente. Ele possibilitou a assimilação da teoria e prática, pois através dele o licenciando vivenciou conflitos e dificuldades enfrentadas no dia a dia da sala de aula. Com o estágio, o futuro profissional pôde conhecer a dinâmica da escola, do processo de planejamento e realização das aulas, o comportamento dos alunos em sala de aula e o dia a dia da profissão. Assim, ficou evidente que esse momento se constitui de fundamental importância para o futuro professor.
Síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores de Enfermagem de áreas critica
Authors: Melo Andressa Gomes , Oliveira Felipe Henrique de , Antunha Bruna , Jorgetto Giovanna Vallim 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer a predisposição para Síndrome de Burnout na equipe de enfermagem em setores críticos em um hospital de média complexidade filantrópico do leste paulista e correlacionar tal predisposição com o perfil sociodemográfico dos mesmos. Método: Estudo de campo, exploratório, quantitativo, de amostragem probabilística intencional, cujos dados foram coletados via instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), em profissionais de enfermagem alocados nos serviços de UTI Neonatal e Adulto, Unidade de Cuidados Intermediários - Adulto e Neonatal (UCI e UNCI), Pronto Socorro e Centro Cirúrgico, por serem estes setores que prestam assistência de maior complexidade no hospital em questão. Resultados: Participaram deste estudo 83 participantes profissionais de enfermagem. Perfil sociodemográfico evidenciou prevalência do sexo feminino, faixa etária entre 26 a 40 anos, cargo de técnico em enfermagem e tempo de formação e função acima de cinco anos. A presença de SB na amostra em estudo apresentou baixo nível para as dimensões exaustão emocional e despersonalização e nível moderado para a realização profissional. Conclusão: A relação entre predisposição para Síndrome de Burnout na equipe de enfermagem de setores críticos onde o estudo foi realizado se fez presente.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Status and Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Chinese Female Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chang Qing , Qiang Huiping , Qian Jialin , Lei Yuqiong , Lu Jiahuan , Feng Hui , Zhao Yiming , Han Baohui , Zhang Yanwei , Chu Tianqing 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in Chinese female patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are unknown. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of EGFR mutations and the role of targeted therapy in advanced Chinese female lung SCC patients.MethodsAdvanced female patients diagnosed with lung SCC at the Shanghai Chest Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsA total of 4223 advanced lung SCC patients were screened, and there were 154 female lung SCC patients who had underwent EGFR mutation detection. Positive EGFR mutations were found in 29.9% (46/154) of female lung SCC patients, including twenty-three 19del mutation (14.9%), twenty-one 21L858R mutation (13.6%) and other mutations (1.4%, 21861Q and 20ins). For 45 EGFR positive mutation female SCC patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients who received EGFR-TKI therapy (n=38) was 8.0 months (95% CI, 5.4-10.7 months), which was significantly longer than patients who were treated with chemotherapy (8.0 vs. 3.2 months, p=0.024), and the median overall survival (OS) was also longer (24.9 months vs. 13.9 months, p=0.020). The objective response rate (ORR) was 44.7% (17/38), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 81.6% (31/38). For 105 female SCC patients with EGFR negative mutation, the median OS was 18.6 months (95% CI, 14.2-22.9 months) and it was no different from that of EGFR positive mutation patients (18.6 vs. 22.8 months, p=0.377).ConclusionFor advanced Chinese female lung SCC patients with EGFR positive mutations, targeted therapy could confer longer PFS and OS than chemotherapy, but the survival was similar with patients who were negative EGFR mutations.
Антропологічні виміри творчості в контексті європейської та української філософії
Authors: Rudenko Tamara , Potishchuk Olga 
Published: April 2021

Статтю присвячено аналізу антропологічних вимірів творчості в контексті європейської та української філософії. Творчий потенціал особистості є неповторним елементом перетворення навколишнього середовища людиною. Однак протягом історії становлення та розвитку творчості в контексті філософської традиції відбувалися значні зміни. Аристотель розглядає людину з точки зору природної істоти, що наділена розумом, духом, а творчість постає суспільним явищем. У теологічній концепції людина розглядається як надприродне утворення, що має свій сенс, призначення і свою історію виникнення. Творчість властива Богу, а не людині. Таким чином, у теологічній концепції людина втрачає свій творчий потенціал. Це стає передумовою розуміння людини як творця власного життя та долі. Відбувається антропологічний поворот до розуміння творчості. На пізніх етапах розвитку людства творчість ототожнюється з мисленням. Творчість людини залежить від творення, що постає діяльністю Абсолютної ідеї, яка у нього є «вічною творчістю, вічною життєвістю». Творча сила людського серця розкривається у філософській концепції Г. Сковороди. В екзистенціальній філософії свобода постає як специфічна складова людського буття, що є ірраціональної ідеєю, яка надихає на творчість. А творчість розкриває величезні можливості людського духу.