bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trastornos psicocutáneos en Chile. Encuesta a 135 dermatólogos. Comparación 2012 con 2019
Authors: Cullen Roberto , Zemelman Viviana , Calderon Perla , Gubelin Hans , Saavedra Willybaldo , Aranibar Ligia , Muñoz Leoncio 
Published: April 2021

Una importante proporción de las patologías cutáneas está fuertemente influenciada por el estado mental, estas patologías son conocidas como trastornos psicocutáneos. Algunos de los más nombrados son la psoriasis, dermatitis atópica, vitiligo, alopecia areata, entre otras. Estudios previos demuestran que los dermatólogos tienen bajo nivel de instrucción formal en esta área, por lo que carecen de herramientas y aptitudes en su enfrentamiento. Analizar la frecuencia de trastornos psicocutáneos en la consulta dermatológica, como también, las aptitudes y herramientas clínicas de los dermatólogos con relación a estas patologías, y contrastarlas con los datos nacionales previos (2012).Estudio transversal semicuantitativo, basado en una encuesta aplicada vía internet, a través de los correos electrónicos a 400 dermatólogos, miembros de la Sociedad Chilena de Dermatología (SOCHIDERM). Los resultados son analizados por estadística descriptiva y comparativa.Participaron 135 dermatologos, de los cuales 53.79% era de sexo femenino y 46,21% fue masculino. El 71.11% considera que los trastornos psicocutáneos son frecuentes. Psoriasis (74.8%) , Dermatitis atópica (28.9%), Vitíligo (25.2%), Liquen simple crónico (21.5%), Alopecia areata (20.7%) fueron las patologías más frecuentes . Se reportó un 80% de derivaciones por trastornos ansiosos, lo cual, es un aumento significativo con respecto a los datos previos (49.01%). Un 89,63% de los dermatólogos utiliza rara vez o nunca, psicofármacos para el tratamiento de estos trastornos. Solo un 49.55% se considera seguro para manejar estos pacientes.Los dermatólogos atienden una alta cantidad de este tipo de trastornos pero, cuentan con limitadas herramientas en su manejo. Es necesario fomentar la formación en esta área.
Locating 'Coolie' Women's Health in Tea Plantation Environments in Colonial Assam
Authors: Borkotoky Namrata 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The history of Assam tea plantations in India is well-documented, yet a gender sensitive environmental history of these colonially-introduced plantation landscapes is absent. The colonial tea planters saw advantages in a growing female presence in their plantations, in terms of increased male ties to the plantation, lower wages for female workers and the added benefit of biological reproduction that would fulfil the need for manual labour in these plantations for generations. This paper attempts to understand how this plantation structure in general and the work regime in particular relied on a particular type of gender identity, which in turn had a detrimental effect on the health of the women labourers in this new landscape.
The Green Years: The Role of Abundant Water in Shaping Postwar Constructions of Rural Femininity
Authors: Twigg Karen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article offers one of the first studies to pay attention to the influence of abundant rain in advancing postwar agendas and shaping new constructions of rural femininity. Enriching an understanding of modernity, I use oral history testimony and private archives to illuminate women's emotional, social and sensory responses to plentiful water and the possibilities it fostered. While previous tropes had warned that close engagement with the elements would leave women 'unsexed' and drained of feminine vitality, the verdure that characterised the postwar era made the environment appear pliable, acquiescent and drought-proof, no longer threatening but actively inviting women's involvement. Informed by scientific agriculture, the modern rural woman, was constructed as 'feminine' and 'attractive' but also well-equipped to contribute her labour to the forward momentum of Australian farming.
Ralph and Myrtle Mae Borsodi's Vision of Back-to-the-Land as a White Heteropatriarchal Refugium during the Great Depression
Authors: Carroll Valerie Padilla 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ralph and Myrtle Mae Borsodi, two early twentieth century back-to-the-land writers based in rural New York state, wrote the rural agrarian smallholding as a kind of refugium, a philosophical and physical site for those self-sufficient smallholders to survive, even thrive, through an expected US cultural extinction. The centre of their back-to-the-land agrarian refugium is the heterocouple complete with attached gendered roles and expectations. For this self-sufficiency promoting couple, the rural back-to-the-land homestead was the future of a new and better America made up of decentralised, self-sufficient farms and workshops run by those Ralph termed 'quality-minded men'. Indeed, both in their writings and in real life, their self-sufficiency rested on the backs of urban factory workers, the poor and, most likely, people of colour - domestic labourers. Such exploitation was not incidental, but a key component of the ideal world imagined by this couple.
Characterization of Adult Patients With SMA Treated in US Hospital Settings: A Natural History Study in the Premier Healthcare Database
Authors: Johnson Nicole B. , Proud Crystal , Wassel Christina L. , Dreyfus Jill , Cochrane Thos , Paradis Angela D. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness and atrophy resulting from motor neuron degeneration. Limited information is available on disease progression among older SMA patients, particularly adults. Objective: This study sought to characterize the natural history of SMA among adult patients in US hospital settings through the assessment of symptoms, complications, costs, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) over 3 years before the availability of disease-modifying therapies. Methods: The study population included adult (≥18 years) patients with inpatient and/or hospital-based outpatient discharge records and ≥2 primary or secondary SMA ICD-9 codes ≥30 days apart in the Premier Healthcare Database during the main study period (2007–2014). Index date was the date of the first SMA ICD-9 code. The frequency of SMA-related symptoms and complications was assessed 1 year preindex through 2 years postindex to characterize disease progression. Costs and HRU were also assessed across the study period. Results: A total of 446 adult patients from 337 US hospitals met inclusion criteria for these analyses. All evaluated SMA-related symptoms and complications increased steadily over time, from 1 year preindex to 2 years postindex both overall and in each age group. Adult patients with SMA had increasing total costs and HRU over the 3-year study period: total costs were $1,759 preindex and $12,308 by 2 years postindex. Conclusions: Findings are consistent with increasing disease burden over time and support the progressive nature of SMA for adult patients with hospital interactions.
Impact of maternal medication for opioid use disorder on neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants treated for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome
Authors: King R.S. , Peacock-Chambers E. , Wilson D. , Shimer J. , Foss S. , Visintainer P. , Singh R. 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Increasing rates of maternal opioid use disorder has led to greater number of opioid exposed newborns (OENs). Maternal enrollment in medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) program improves short term neonatal outcomes. This study aimed at assessing neurobehavioral outcomes for OENs. METHODS: Retrospective observational cohort study of OENs between Jul 2006 and Dec 2018. Two study groups were identified as initiation of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) prior to diagnoses of pregnancy or after. Primary outcome variables were enrollment in and duration of EI services. Secondary outcome variable was diagnoses of a behavioral and/or developmental disorder (BDD) during the study period. RESULTS: Of 242 infants, 113 were enrolled in EI and BDD diagnoses data was available for all infants [age range 6 to 12 years], 82% infants had exposure to maternal MOUD, while 18% were exposed to either maternal prescription non-MOUD opioids or illicit opioids. Maternal MOUD initiation prior to pregnancy was associated with improved short term outcomes for OENs. Almost a third of infants were diagnosed with a BDD with no differences between the two study groups. CONCLUSION: Early initiation of maternal MOUD improved short term outcomes and discharge disposition for OENs. Prolonged in-utero exposure to opioids presents a potential for negative impact on neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes. These risks must be considered to increase access and adherence to EI services, as well as to focus on non-opioid based maternal MOUD. Longitudinal studies assessing the safety of MOUD on short and long-term child health outcomes are needed.
Sparse angle CT reconstruction with weighted dictionary learning algorithm based on adaptive group-sparsity regularization
Authors: Yang Tiejun , Tang Lu , Tang Qi , Li Lei 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE: In order to solve the blurred structural details and over-smoothing effects in sparse representation dictionary learning reconstruction algorithm, this study aims to test sparse angle CT reconstruction with weighted dictionary learning algorithm based on adaptive Group-Sparsity Regularization (AGSR-SART). METHODS: First, a new similarity measure is defined in which Covariance is introduced into Euclidean distance, Non-local image patches are adaptively divided into groups of different sizes as the basic unit of sparse representation. Second, the weight factor of the regular constraint terms is designed through the residuals represented by the dictionary, so that the algorithm takes different smoothing effects on different regions of the image during the iterative process. The sparse reconstructed image is modified according to the difference between the estimated value and the intermediate image. Last, The SBI (Split Bregman Iteration) iterative algorithm is used to solve the objective function. An abdominal image, a pelvic image and a thoracic image are employed to evaluate performance of the proposed method. RESULTS: In terms of quantitative evaluations, experimental results show that new algorithm yields PSNR of 48.20, the maximum SSIM of 99.06% and the minimum MAE of 0.0028. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that new algorithm can better preserve structural details in reconstructed CT images. It eliminates the effect of excessive smoothing in sparse angle reconstruction, enhances the sparseness and non-local self-similarity of the image, and thus it is superior to several existing reconstruction algorithms.
La Amazonía en disputa: agencias políticas y organizaciones indígenas de la Amazonía venezolana frente al Arco Minero del Orinoco
Authors: Mora Silva Julimar , Rodríguez Velásquez Fidel 
Published: April 2021

A partir del concepto de agencia y desde una sociología fundamentada en la teoría de la estructuración, analizamos el fenómeno de la participación política de las organizaciones indígenas amazónicas y sus respuestas al plan de desarrollo minero de la región amazónica de Venezuela conocido como el Arco Minero del Orinoco. Para ello, prestamos atención a los mecanismos de presión política y participación popular (asambleas, protestas, denuncias, comunicados, etc.) llevados adelante por las organizaciones indígenas entre 2016 y 2018, así mismo, a los resultados electorales en los territorios amazónicos desde 2013 hasta 2017. La realización de este trabajo fue posible a través de una estrategia multi método, considerando datos históricos, observación participante y entrevistas con líderes indígenas, intelectuales y participantes de los movimientos sociales. Los datos se organizaron siguiendo el método de Mapeo de Actores Clave. Concluimos que el Arco Minero del Orinoco representó una ruptura en el plano político y electoral de las organizaciones indígenas con el chavismo, en el marco de una intensificación del extractivismo minero en la Amazonía venezolana.
Violencia en la familia y en la relación de pareja en universitarios de Osorno, Chile.
Authors: Espinoza Moraga Soraya , Vivanco Muñoz Ramón , Veliz Burgos Alex , Vargas Peña Antonio 
Published: April 2021

La violencia de género no deja indiferente a ninguno de sus miembros, especialmente, a los hijos/as, además aumenta el riesgo del maltrato contra ellos. Dentro de sus implicancias esta la violencia en etapas posteriores. Esta investigación busca describir la relación entre dichas experiencias y ejercer o ser víctima de violencia en sus relaciones románticas en universitarios. Se les aplicó un cuestionario de Violencia en pareja y Escala de Maltrato a una muestra de 360 jóvenes. Los resultados indican una relación significativa en hombres y mujeres que declaran promedios más altos en violencia psicológica, emocional y física. La experiencia de violencia de género psicológica tendría mayor repercusión en hombres, mientras que el maltrato desde los padres tendría mayor repercusión en las mujeres.
Los límites de la participación: un análisis de la política de participación ciudadana en Chile (2011-2018)
Authors: Carrasco Soto Sebastián 
Published: April 2021

La crisis de representación a la que se ha enfrentado el sistema político chileno durante los últimos años ha generado cambios en el funcionamiento de la política formal. Uno de ellos ha sido la incorporación de canales para la participación de la ciudadanía en los asuntos públicos. En ese contexto, el presente artículo estudia el proceso de implementación de la participación ciudadana institucional y analiza su impacto en los procesos de toma de decisión. Aplicando una metodología de estudio de caso, se concluye que en Chile se ha ido construyendo un discurso participativo que no se corresponde con la experiencia empírica en materia de participación. La política pública se ha ido implementando paulatinamente en los organismos del gobierno central. No obstante, ha sido escasamente incidental, e incluso instrumentalizada por designios políticos. Esto plantea un cuestionamiento teórico en torno al rol de la participación en la democracia.
Perancangan Sistem Laporan Pengeluaran Dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (Bos) Pada Upt Satuan Pendidikan SMP Negeri 6 Tangerang
Authors: Rachmat Achmad , Indriana Sari , Rosa Amelia 
Published: April 2021

School Operational Assistance (BOS) is a government program that is basically to provide funding for non-personnel operating costs for junior high schools (SMP) as implementing compulsory education programs. In supporting the management of School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds at schools, an information system has been created that can assist in managing BOS funds. The School Operational Assistance Management (BOS) Management Information System was created because inaccurate and incomplete data were often found at the UPT Education Unit of SMP Negeri 6 Tangerang. Causing financial statements every month to be not timely. Therefore this financial statement system was made to support the data to be accurate and complete and the financial statements also become timely. To illustrate the model design and system design using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The results of this study are a financial reporting system that is designed using the PHP programming language,
MySQL database, and laptops are code editors. For testing the system using the Blackbox method, in order to test the functionality of the system.
Tertiary education in EU countries
Authors: Poráčová Janka , Zahatňanská Mária , Nagy Melinda , Konečná Mária , Mydlárová Blaščáková Marta , Sedlák Vincent , Tkáčová Renáta 
Published: April 2021

Tertiary education provided by universities and other higher education institutions play an essential role in society, by fostering innovation, increasing economic development and growth, and improving more generally the well-being of citizens. Some European universities are among the most prestigious in the world. Many commentators predict that in the coming years there will be increased demand for highly skilled people. Driven by digital technology, jobs are becoming more flexible and complex. This has resulted in a growing number of employers seeking staff with the necessary capacities to manage complex information, think autonomously, be creative, use resources in a smart and efficient manner, as well as communicate effectively. Education is an essential part of any modern, successful and rich country. EU countries are no exception. The need for a university-educated workforce is increasing every year by employers. Educated graduates and workers are also needed in other areas of society, e.g. in healthcare, in the economic, social, legal, education, etc. One of the EU's main challenges is to ensure that policy developments are monitored to take account of the considerable geographical diversity in the EU. The territorial dimension of EU policy is increasingly recognized, as growth and job creation depend on making the best use of all resources while ensuring the coordinated and sustainable use of shared resources. This section provides an overview of some of the main EU policy developments that have a territorial impact.
Predicting Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Deep-Vein Thrombosis: Development and Internal Validation of a Potential New Prediction Model (Continu-8)
Authors: Nagler Michael , Van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Ten Cate Hugo , Prins Martin H. , Ten Cate-Hoek Arina J. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Previous prediction models for recurrent thromboembolism (VTE) are often complicated to apply and have not been implemented widely.Aim: To develop and internally validate a potential new prediction model for recurrent VTE that can be used without stopping anticoagulant treatment for D-dimer measurements in patients with provoked and unprovoked DVT.Methods: Cohort data of 479 patients treated in a clinical care pathway at Maastricht University Medical Center were used. Predictors for the Cox proportional hazards model (unprovoked DVT, male gender, factor VIII levels) were derived from literature and using forward selection procedure. The scoring rule was internally validated using bootstrapping techniques and the predictive ability was compared to existing prediction models.Results: Patients were followed for a median of 3.12 years after stopping anticoagulation treatment (IQR 0.78, 3.90). Sixty-four of 479 patients developed recurrent VTE (13%). The scoring rule consisted of unprovoked DVT (yes: 2 points), male sex (yes: 1 point), and factor VIII &gt; 213 % (yes: 2 points) and was categorized into three groups [i.e., low risk (score 0), medium risk (scores 1, 2, or 3) and high risk (scores 4 and 5)]. The concordance statistic was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.75).Conclusion: The discriminative ability of the new Continu-8 score was adequate. Future studies shall verify this score in an independent setting without stopping anticoagulation treatment.
Novel Flow Cytometric Immunoassay for Detection of Proinsulin Autoantibodies in Diabetes Mellitus Employing a Recombinant Autoantigen Expressed in E. coli
Authors: Sabljic Adriana Victoria , Bombicino Silvina Sonia , Marfía Juan Ignacio , Guerra Luciano Lucas , Steinhardt Alberto Penas , Faccinetti Natalia Inés , Iacono Rubén Francisco , Poskus Edgardo , Trabucchi Aldana , Valdez Silvina Noemí 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionInsulin and proinsulin autoantibodies (IAA/PAA) are usually the first markers to appear in patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and their prevalence ranges from 10 to 60% in the child-adolescent population. The reference method for IAA/PAA detection is the Radioligand Binding Assay (RBA), a highly specific and sensitive technique, but expensive and polluting. The aim of this work was to develop a novel flow cytometric microsphere-based immunoassay (FloCMIA) for PAA detection, employing recombinant human proinsulin (PI), as an alternative method to RBA, less expensive and harmful to the environment.Materials and MethodsHuman PI was expressed as Thioredoxin fusion protein (TrxPI) in E. coli and a fraction was biotinylated. A double paratope model was used in which samples were incubated with TrxPI–biotin and microspheres adsorbed with TrxPI. The immune complexes were revealed using Streptavidin–Phycoerythrin. The geometric mean of the signals was analyzed, and the results were expressed as Standard Deviation scores (SDs). Sera from 100 normal human control and from 111 type 1 diabetic patients were evaluated by FloCMIA. To correlate the novel assay with RBA, 51 diabetic patients were selected, spanning a wide range of PAA reactivity by RBA.ResultsThe study of ROC curves allowed choosing a cut-off value of 3.0 SDs and the AUC was 0.705, indicating that FloCMIA has fair ability to distinguish between samples from each group. A prevalence of 50% for PAA was obtained in the population of diabetic patients studied. The specificity was 96% and the analytical sensitivity (percentage of patients RBA positive, also positive by FloCMIA) was 69%. There was a substantial agreement between methods (kappa statistic=0.700).ConclusionsA novel immunoassay based on flow cytometry that uses easy-to produce recombinant PI was developed. This assay constitutes an innovative and cost-effective alternative to RBA for the determination of PAA in patients’ sera. The method developed here, presents good performance and a wide dynamic range together with a small required sample volume. Furthermore, these results make it possible to develop multiplex immunoassays that allow the combined detection of autoantibodies present in T1DM and other related autoimmune diseases.
EVA1B to Evaluate the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Clinical Prognosis in Glioma
Authors: Qu Shanqiang , Liu Jin , Wang Huafu 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPrevious research indicated that the tumor cells and microenvironment interactions are critical for the immunotherapeutic response. However, predicting the clinical response to immunotherapy remains a dilemma for clinicians. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the associations between EVA1B expression and prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in glioma.MethodsFirstly, we detected the EVA1B expression in glioma tissues through biological databases. The chi-squared test, Kaplan-Meier, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the clinical significance of EVA1B expression. The correlation between EVA1B expression and levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in glioma tissues was investigated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to compare the predictive power between EVA1B and other commonly immune-related markers.ResultsIn the CGGA cohort of 325 glioma patients, we found that EVA1B was upregulated in glioma, and increased with tumor grade. High EVA1B expression was prominently associated with unfavorable clinicopathological features, and poorer survival of patients, which were further confirmed by TCGA (n=609) and GEO (n=74) cohorts. Furthermore, multivariate analysis indicated that EVA1B is an independent prognostic biomarker for glioma. Importantly, EVA1B overexpression was associated with a higher infiltration level of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in glioma. ROC curves showed that, compared with PD-L1, CTLA-4, and Siglec15, EVA1B presented a higher area under the curve (AUC) value (AUC=0.824) for predicting high immune infiltration levels in glioma.ConclusionsWe found that EVA1B was upregulated and could act as a poor prognostic biomarker in glioma. Importantly, EVA1B overexpression was associated with the immune infiltration levels of immune cells including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, and strongly with the overall immune infiltration levels of glioma. These findings suggested that EVA1B might be a potential biomarker for evaluating prognosis and immune infiltration in glioma.