bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric building temperature control: a potential assessment
Authors: Hagenkamp Markus , Blanke Tobias , Döring Bernd 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study focuses on thermoelectric elements (TEE) as an alternative for room temperature control. TEE are semi-conductor devices that can provide heating and cooling via a heat pump effect without direct noise emissions and no refrigerant use. An efficiency evaluation of the optimal operating mode is carried out for different numbers of TEE, ambient temperatures, and heating loads. The influence of an additional heat recovery unit on system efficiency and an unevenly distributed heating demand are examined. The results show that TEE can provide heat at a coefficient of performance (COP) greater than one especially for small heating demands and high ambient temperatures. The efficiency increases with the number of elements in the system and is subject to economies of scale. The best COP exceeds six at optimal operating conditions. An additional heat recovery unit proves beneficial for low ambient temperatures and systems with few TEE. It makes COPs above one possible at ambient temperatures below 0 $$^\circ $$

∘

C. The effect increases efficiency by maximal 0.81 (from 1.90 to 2.71) at ambient temperature 5 K below room temperature and heating demand $$\dot{Q}_h={100} W$$

Q
˙

h

=
100
W

but is subject to diseconomies of scale. Thermoelectric technology is a valuable option for electricity-based heat supply and can provide cooling and ventilation functions. A careful system design as well as an additional heat recovery unit significantly benefits the performance. This makes TEE superior to direct current heating systems and competitive to heat pumps for small scale applications with focus on avoiding noise and harmful refrigerants.
In-situ growth of MAX phase coatings on carbonised wood and their terahertz shielding properties
Authors: Huang Jiaxuan , Wan Hujie , Li Mian , Zhang Yiming , Zhu Jianfeng , Li Xuelin , Shui Wenchao , Li Yao , Fan Xiaomeng , Wen Qiye , Xiao Xu , Huang Qing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have received considerable attention in recent years. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of materials depends on not only their composition but also their microstructures. Among various microstructure prototypes, porous structures provide the advantages of low density and high terahertz wave absorption. In this study, by using carbonised wood (CW) as a template, 1-mm-thick MAX@CW composites (Ti2AlC@CW, V2AlC@CW, and Cr2AlC@CW) with a porous structure were fabricated through the molten salt method. The MAX@CW composites led to the formation of a conductive network and multilayer interface, which resulted in improved EMI SE. The average EMI SE values of the three MAX@CW composites were > 45 dB in the frequency of 0.6–1.6 THz. Among the composites, V2AlC@CW exhibited the highest average EMI SE of 55 dB.
Dual classification revisited: Rodney Needham and vertical asymmetry aboard Scottish trawlers
Authors: Webster Joseph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic data collected while working as a deckhand on two Scottish trawlers, this article analyses the spatialisation of social, religious, and economic inequalities that marked relations between crew members while they hunted for prawns in the North Sea. Moreover, it explores these inequalities as a wider feature of life in Gamrie, Aberdeenshire, a Brethren and Presbyterian fishing village riven by disparities in wealth and religion. Inequalities identified by fishermen at sea mirrored those identified by residents onshore, resulting in fishing boats being experienced as small floating villages. Drawing on the work of Rodney Needham, this article suggests that these asymmetries can be traced along a vertical axis, with greater to lesser wealth and religiosity moving from top/above to bottom/below. The article seeks to understand the presence and persistence of these hierarchies at sea and on land, by revisiting dual classification within anthropological theory.
Reduced-form mechanism design and ex post fairness constraints
Authors: Yang Erya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper incorporates fairness constraints into the classic single-unit reduced-form implementation problem (Border in Econometrica, 59(4):1175–1187, 1991, Econ Theory 31(1):167–181, 2007; Che et al. in Econometrica 81(6): 2487–2520, 2013; Manelli and Vincent in Econometrica, 78(6):1905–1938, 2010) with two agents. To do so, I use a new approach that utilizes the results from Kellerer (Math Ann 144(4):323–344, 1961) and Gutmann et al. (Ann Prob 19(4):1781–1797, 1991). Under realistic assumptions on the constraints, the conditions are transparent and can be verified in polynomial time.
Intelligent system for human activity recognition in IoT environment
Authors: Khaled Hassan , Abu-Elnasr Osama , Elmougy Samir , Tolba A. S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the adoption of machine learning
has grown steadily in different fields affecting the day-to-day decisions of individuals. This paper presents an intelligent system for recognizing human’s daily activities in a complex IoT environment. An enhanced model of capsule neural network called 1D-HARCapsNe is proposed. This proposed model consists of convolution layer, primary capsule layer, activity capsules flat layer and output layer. It is validated using WISDM dataset collected via smart devices and normalized using the random-SMOTE algorithm to handle the imbalanced behavior of the dataset. The experimental results indicate the potential and strengths of the proposed 1D-HARCapsNet that achieved enhanced performance with an accuracy of 98.67%, precision of 98.66%, recall of 98.67%, and F1-measure of 0.987 which shows major performance enhancement compared to the Conventional CapsNet (accuracy 90.11%, precision 91.88%, recall 89.94%, and F1-measure 0.93).
Mutual monitoring, approval motivation and fostering cooperation in teams
Authors: Levy Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe establish whether the efficacy of mutual monitoring in fostering cooperation is dependent on the degree of approval motivation within teams. Approval motivation is defined as the desire to produce positive perceptions in others and the incentive to acquire the approval of others as well as the desire to avoid disapproval, (Martin in J Personality Assess 48(5):508–519, 1984). Contrary to the theoretical predictions, the results from the experiment suggest that mutual monitoring was not effective in fostering cooperation in teams. Furthermore, the efficacy of mutual monitoring in fostering cooperation was not correlated with the degree of approval motivation within teams.
Union Membership as a Moderator in the Relationship Between Living Wage, Job Satisfaction and Employee Engagement
Authors: Maleka M. J. , Schultz C. M. , van Hoek L. , Paul-Dachapalli L. , Ragadu S. C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn many developing countries, lower-level employees are working in workplaces that pay them poverty wages. The need for workers to earn a living wage has long been argued, both within the trade union movement, employers and society, along with the link with job satisfaction and employee engagement. The present study aims to explore the relationship between living wage, job satisfaction and employee engagement, as well as union membership as a moderator in these relationships. A quantitative research approach was employed in this study, and Loess curves were used to graphically predict the relationship between study variables. There were significant relationships between a living wage, job satisfaction and employee engagement. The results indicated that the relationships between the variables were cubic and not linear. Union membership was the moderator in the relationship between living wages and employee involvement. Union membership moderated the cubic relationship between living wages and employee engagement. Union membership also moderated the cubic relationship between living wages and job satisfaction.
Research Agenda for Political Science in China in an Era of Great Change
Authors: Yang Guangbin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe world order is undergoing tumultuous changes amid the Sino–US trade war and a global pandemic. During these epochal times for political science, The American school of social sciences needs an intellectual revolution and a repositioning of the research agenda for political science. Comparative political studies must shift their focus from their traditional role of comparison of political institutions to that of state governance models, as the former can no longer advance new knowledge in political science while the latter represents a greater challenge for such studies. Likewise, studies of international relations in the traditional sense should take a step further and explore studies of world politics, i.e., studies of international relations and world order as shaped by institutional changes triggered by political trends within certain countries. The research approach of historical political science is indispensable, whether it is comparison of state governance models or of world politics.
Optimization of the critical overlap length of hudraulic distributors regarding cavitation inception
Authors: Adama Maiga Mahamadou , Coutier-Delgosha Olivier , Buisine Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The present paper is focused on the optimization of the overlap length in various types of distributors in hydraulic systems. It has been shown that this length has a strong influence on cavitation in rotating distributors, so its optimization would be beneficial to reduce the detrimental effects of cavitation, such as noise, vibrations, and instabilities. The objective of the present study is to generalize the modelling of the overlap length to different types of distributors and to determine the critical length at cavitation inception. The results show that the pressure losses in rotating distributors and in other types of distributors are similar, including the slide-valves that are the vast majority of distributors in hydraulic systems. It is confirmed that the overlap length has a stronger influence on the cavitation development than the distributor rotation speed. A critical overlap length of 0.071 mm is obtained, below which no significant development of cavitation is obtained, at all rotation speeds.

Article Highlights

The pressure losses in a rotating distributor and in a slide-valve can be expressed similarly.

The overlap length has a large influence on the cavitation development, much larger than the rotation speed.

A critical overlap length of 0.071 mm was obtained, below which there is almost no cavitation, for any rotation speed.
Closing the Feedback Loop in DevOps Through Autonomous Monitors in Operations
Authors: Hrusto Adha , Runeson Per , Engström Emelie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDevOps represent the tight connection between development and operations. To address challenges that arise on the borderline between development and operations, we conducted a study in collaboration with a Swedish company responsible for ticket management and sales in public transportation. The aim of our study was to explore and describe the existing DevOps environment, as well as to identify how the feedback from operations can be improved, specifically with respect to the alerts sent from system operations. Our study complies with the basic principles of the design science paradigm, such as understanding and improving design solutions in the specific areas of practice. Our diagnosis, based on qualitative data collected through interviews and observations, shows that alert flooding is a challenge in the feedback loop, i.e. too much signals from operations create noise in the feedback loop. Therefore, we design a solution to improve the alert management by optimizing when to raise alerts and accordingly introducing a new element in the feedback loop, a smart filter. Moreover, we implemented a prototype of the proposed solution design and showed that a tighter relation between operations and development can be achieved, using a hybrid method which combines rule-based and unsupervised machine learning for operations data analysis.
In Search of Optimal Distinctiveness: Balancing Conformity and Differentiation via Organizational Learning
Authors: Hu Yimei , Zhang Huanren , Gao Yuchen 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTFirms in a nascent industry need to search across various technological trajectories and market opportunities with limited prior knowledge. While inter-firm learning (e.g., imitation) helps the focal firm adapt in the process of conformity, intra-firm learning (e.g., independent experimentation) helps a firm stand out from rivals in the process of differentiation, both of which can gain competitive advantages. This study investigates how the conformity-differentiation balance can be achieved from the cross-level learning perspective. Adopting a mixed-method design, we first conduct a case study on the Chinese photovoltaic industry. The case suggests that firms are inclined to conform in upstream and bottleneck technological domains but differentiate in the downstream market applications. We then extend the case findings through a computational simulation based on March's learning model. When experimentation and imitation are possible, the balance between conformity and differentiation can be reframed as the classical balance between exploitation and exploration across the firm and industry levels: while experimentation is often exploitative at the firm level but exploratory at the industry level, imitation is often exploratory at the firm level but exploitative at the industry level. The study makes a new attempt to bridge the optimal distinctiveness literature with the organizational learning literature.
Hospital-based health technology assessment in Brazil: current experiences and challenges
Authors: de Soárez Patricia Coelho , Pepe Vera Lúcia Edais , Novaes Hillegonda Maria Dutilh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In Brazil, there is no consensus on the concept of hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA). There is great variability in the existing models and difficulty in evaluating their results—whether in respect of clinical decisions, quality of care, and hospital policy and management or in respect of optimizing the use of resources. This study aims to discuss the experiences of HB-HTA, its integration into the regulatory system for the adoption of new technologies into the Brazilian public (SUS) (Unified Health System), and its main challenges. During a workshop, a panel of specialists in HTA and/or HB-HTA was formed, representative of four different perspectives: (i) Health services and health technology assessment units, (ii) Academia, (iii) Secretary of State for Health, and (iv) the Federal SUS sector. This was followed by discussion, a preliminary consensus, contributions from the audience, a plenary session, and a final consensus. HB-HTA is not institutionalized, nor is it part of the regulation system for the adoption of new technologies in the SUS. The main challenges are the difficulties in creating qualified teams, financial support, and sustainability. The work of these bodies in respect of the evaluation of new technologies deserves further studies analyzing the relationship between the pressure for adoption from the hospital team and industry professionals and legal rulings. It is necessary to strengthen HB-HTA culture and implement this policy in hospital management, making assessment bodies a part of managerial and decision-making processes in hospitals, and develop regional collaborative networks and a national network of HTA.
Neurocognitive Outcome Following Recovery from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1)
Authors: Pinnock Farena S. , Rich Jill B. , Vasquez Brandon , Wiegand Melanie , Patcai John , Troyer Angela K. , Murphy Kelly J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly contagious viral respiratory illness associated with hypoxia and dyspnea. Many of those who contracted and recovered from SARS during the 2002–2003 outbreak reported persistent physical, psychological, and cognitive difficulties. Here, we investigated the residual influences of SARS on cognition for a subset of healthcare professionals who recovered and were referred for neuropsychological evaluation through their workplace insurance.Method:Twenty-eight healthcare professionals were evaluated on neuropsychological and mood functioning approximately 1.5 years post-recovery from a severe respiratory illness. Test scores were compared with age-matched normative data, and correlations were examined between mood, self-report memory scales, subjective complaints (e.g., poor concentration, pain, fatigue), illness severity (i.e., length of hospitalization, oxygen use during hospital stay), and cognitive performance.Results:Participants performed within age expectations on the majority of cognitive measures including overall memory ability. Although processing speed was generally within normal limits, 43% showed significant speed–accuracy trade-offs favoring accuracy over maintaining speed. Deficits were observed on measures of complex attention, such as working memory and the ability to sustain attention under conditions of distraction. Participants endorsed poorer memory ability than same-age peers on a meta-memory measure and mild to moderate depression and anxiety symptoms. Objective test performance was largely uncorrelated with self-reports, mood, or illness severity, except for moderate correlations between complex attention and participants’ subjective ratings of Everyday Task-Oriented Memory.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate specific long-term cognitive deficits associated with SARS and provide further evidence of the cognitive effects of hypoxic illnesses.
Impact of Changing Concavity Indices on Channel Steepness and Divide Migration Metrics
Authors: Gailleton Boris , Mudd Simon M. , Clubb Fiona J. , Grieve Stuart W. D. , Hurst Martin D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe concavity index, , describes how quickly river channel gradient declines downstream. It is used in calculations of normalized channel steepness index, , a metric for comparing the relative steepness of channels with different drainage area. It is also used in calculating a transformed longitudinal coordinate, , which has been employed to search for migrating drainage divides. A value of 0.45 is typically assumed in studies. Here we quantify the variability in across multiple landscapes distributed across the globe. We describe the degree to which both the spatial distribution and magnitude of and can be distorted if is assumed rather than constrained. Differences between constrained and assumed of 0.1 or less are unlikely to affect the spatial distribution and relative magnitude of values, but larger differences can change the spatial distribution of and in extreme cases invert differences in relative steepness: relatively steep reaches can appear relatively gentle as quantified by . These inversions are function of the range of drainage area in the considered watersheds. We also demonstrate that the coordinate, and therefore the detection of migrating drainage divides, is sensitive to varying values of . The median of most likely across a wide range of mountainous and upland environments is 0.425. This wide range of variability suggests workers should not assume any value for , but should instead calculate a representative for the landscape of interest, and exclude basins for which this value is a poor fit.
Exhumation of the Ronda Peridotite During Hyper‐Extension: New Structural and Thermal Constraints From the Nieves Unit (Western Betic Cordillera, Spain)
Authors: Bessière Eloïse , Augier Romain , Jolivet Laurent , Précigout Jacques , Romagny Adrien 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Ronda peridotite (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain) is the largest alpine‐type peridotite massif worldwide. Yet, the emplacement mechanism of these mantle rocks is still a highly debated topic. In this study, we aim at better constraining their context of exhumation by focusing on the Nieves Unit, which is mostly composed of Mesozoic metasediments displaying HT metamorphism and deformation along the contact with peridotite. The topmost parts of the peridotites and the bottom parts of the Nieves Unit share the same planar/linear fabric parallel to the contact accompanied by component of sinistral kinematic indicators. Raman Spectroscopy on Carbonaceous Material geothermometry then shows a contraction of peak‐temperature conditions within metasediments of the Nieves Unit, as well as a north‐eastward decrease along strike, highlighting a strong thinning of the unit and a significant obliquity of the isograds to the contact with the peridotites. Local magnetite ores and ophicalcite bodies are finally observed nearby the contact, suggesting a hyper‐extension context for the mantle exhumation. Indeed, the Nieves Unit, the Ronda peridotite and the Jubrique Unit, where a strong thinning has also been documented, are all in contact at a triple junction between the western contact of the peridotite and the Nieves/Jubrique contact. Altogether, these features support the idea that the western shear zone limiting the peridotites from the Nieves and Jubrique units is a tilted large‐scale extensional detachment that has exhumed mantle rocks from beneath the continental basement (Jubrique Unit) and its Mesozoic cover (Nieves Unit) during an episode of hyper‐extension.
Heat Generation in Cratonic Mantle Roots—New Trace Element Constraints From Mantle Xenoliths and Implications for Cratonic Geotherms
Authors: McIntyre T. , Kublik K. , Currie C. , Pearson D. G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHeat generation within the cratonic lithospheric mantle (CLM) is an important but poorly determined parameter for constructing cratonic geotherms. Direct measurement of heat producing element (HPE: K, U, and Th) concentrations in bulk‐rock samples of cratonic mantle roots—provided as xenoliths in volcanic rocks such as kimberlites—is mostly compromised by infiltration of host melt into the xenoliths, resulting in over‐estimates of heat production. Here we use in situ methods (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) on minerals from a variety of cratonic mantle peridotites to avoid host‐magma contamination enabling new, more accurate determinations of heat production for a wide spectrum of model mantle lithologies. The most melt‐depleted, least metasomatized peridotites indicate that heat generation in un‐metasomatized depleted cratonic lithospheric mantle is negligible, at ∼0.00004 µW/m3, 102 to 103 times less than models that use more enriched or metasomatized compositions. Refertilized cratonic peridotites, typical of many kimberlite hosted xenoliths, have more elevated, but still low heat generation, of 0.006 µW/m3. We propose that the heat generation of typical cratonic mantle peridotite lies between these two bounds, that is, between 0.00004 and 0.006 µW/m3. Both values produce lower estimates of lithospheric thickness, by ∼10 to up to 80 km, depending on model assumptions, than estimates using higher HPE concentrations measured on bulk‐rock xenolith material.