bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex Disparities in Vitamin D Status and the Impact on Systemic Inflammation and Survival in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Abrahamsson Hanna , Meltzer Sebastian , Hagen Vidar Nyløkken , Johansen Christin , Bousquet Paula A , Redalen Kathrine Røe , Ree Anne Hansen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: We reported previously that rectal cancer patients given curative-intent chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery for non-metastatic disease had enhanced risk of metastatic progression and death if circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were low. Here we investigated whether the association between the vitamin D status and prognosis pertains to the general, unselected population of rectal cancer patients.Methods: Serum 25(OH)D at the time of diagnosis was assessed in 129 patients, enrolled 2013-2017 and representing the entire range of rectal cancer stages, and analyzed with respect to season, sex, systemic inflammation, and survival.Results: In the population-based cohort residing at latitude 60°N, 25(OH)D varied according to season in men only, who were overrepresented among the vitamin D-deficient (<50 nmol/L) patients. Consistent with our previous findings, the individuals presenting with T4 disease had significantly reduced 25(OH)D levels. Low vitamin D was associated with systemic inflammation, albeit with distinct modes of presentation. While men with low vitamin D showed circulating markers typical for the systemic inflammatory response (e.g., elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate), the corresponding female patients had elevated serum levels of interleukin-6 and the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7. Despite disparities in vitamin D status and the potential effects on disease attributes, significantly shortened cancer-specific survival was observed in vitamin D-deficient patients irrespective of sex.Conclusion: This unselected rectal cancer cohort confirmed the interconnection of low vitamin D, more advanced disease presentation, and poor survival, and further suggested it may be conditional on disparate modes of adverse systemic inflammation in men and women.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01816607; registration date: 22 March 2013.
Therapeutic Effects of a Neoantigen Vaccine With an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in a Cisplatin-Treated Mouse Model
Authors: Lee Sung Eun , Jang Gun-Young , Lee Ji Won , Han Hee Dong , Park Yeong-Min , Kang Tae Heung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer immunotherapy is widely used as a treatment for cancer that works by improving the immune system with fewer side effects than conventional methods. Neoantigen vaccines are one form of immunotherapy that use cancer-specific neoantigens that are extracted from cancer patients and are not recognized by normal cells in the immune system.Methods: In this study, mutant genes of 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells were identified by direct sequence analysis using tumor-specific MHC I (Major Histocompatibility Complex) or MHC II epitopes through in vivo experiments. Results: The neoantigen vaccine with mutant CD4+ or CD8+ T cell-reactive neoantigen peptides was shown to inhibit tumor growth, increase long-term survival, and induce the secretion of IFN-γ (Interferon gamma) in the cisplatin-treated mouse models. In particular, mutant CD4+ T cell neoantigen peptides induced full potential anti-tumor effects, whereas dual treatment with CD4+ (Cluster of differentiation 4) and CD8+ (Cluster of differentiation 8) T cell neoantigen peptides increased the suppression of tumor growth. Moreover, the combination of neoantigen vaccine with mutant CD4+ T cell neoantigen peptide and anti-PD-L1 (Programmed death-ligand 1) as an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has been shown to have synergistic therapeutic effects in cisplatin-treated mouse models. Conclusion: This study, therefore, proved that cancer cell-derived neoantigens have great potential to induce immunogenic responses and cancer treatment effects, along with synergistic efficiency when applied to various combinational therapies. Through the methods that were used in our experiments, we could contribute to the development of new adjuvants for evaluating efficacy, discovering unfound neoantigens, and investigating immune checkpoint blockade antibodies for non-clinical studies.
Neuroregenerative Activity of the Dipeptide Mimetic of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor GSB-106 Under Experimental Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Gudasheva Tatiana A. , Povarnina Polina Y. , Antipova Tatiana A. , Kruglov Sergey V. , Logvinov Ilya O. , Nikiforov Dmitry M. , Seredenin Sergey B. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
A dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the BDNF loop 4, bis(N-monosuccinyl-
L-seryl-L-lysine) hexamethylenediamide (GSB-106) activates TrkB, PI3K/AKT, MAPK/
ERK, and PLC-γ1, and was created at the V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology.
GSB-106 showed neuroprotective activity in vitro and in vivo at systemic administration.

Objective:
In this work, we studied the GSB-106 effect on the cerebral infarct volume, as well as
on neurogenesis and synaptogenesis under the experimental ischemic stroke induced by intravascular
occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.

Methods:
GSB-106 was administered i.p. in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg, 24 h after the surgery and then
once a day, with the end of administration on day 6 after surgery. On day 7, brain samples were collected
for morphometric and biochemical (Western-blot) analysis.

Results:
It was established that GSB-106 reduced the brain damage volume by 24%, restored impaired
neurogenesis and/or gliogenesis (by Ki-67) in the hippocampus and the striatum, and completely
restored the reduced immunoreactivity to synaptic markers synaptophysin and PSD-95 in
the striatum.

Conclusions:
Thus, the dimer dipeptide BDNF mimetic GSB-106 exhibits neuroregenerative properties
at a clinically relevant time window (24 h) in a model of ischemic stroke presumably due to
the stimulation of neurogenesis (and/or gliogenesis) and synaptogenesis.
Kinetic Study of Iodination of Propanone in Different Acidic
Media by Using Colorimeter
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Sharma Nitin , Alam Tanveer 
Published: May 2021

Aims:
Kinetic study of iodination of propanone in different acidic medium by using
colorimeter.

Background:
The kinetic experimentation of iodination of propanone has been done in
presence of different acid such as sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid. The rate
law of the iodination of propanone in acidic medium is determined by observing the disappearance
of the brownish yellow colour of iodine in aqueous solution.

Objective:
Preparation of standard solution, Determination of absorbance of iodine solution
at λmax= 480 nm, Kinetic study of iodination of propanone at different acidic medium.

Method:
The kinetic analysis of this reaction has been investigated by colorimetry. The extent
of the reaction has been monitored by measuring the absorbance of reaction mixture after
a suitable time interval.

Result:
The rate law expression has been determined to be rate = k [propanone]0
0.728 [acid]
0. The rate of iodination of propanone in the presence of different acidic medium is in the
order of H2SO4 > HCl > CH3COOH.

Conclusion:
The rate of the reaction has been found to be independent of the concentration
of iodine, i.e., a zero-order reaction with respect to iodine; however, it depended upon the
concentration of propanone and the acidic catalyst. In this experimental technique, the consumption
of chemicals is minimal.
Dialysis Facility Profit Status and Early Steps in Kidney Transplantation in the Southeastern United States
Authors: McPherson Laura J. , Walker Elizabeth R. , Lee Yi-Ting Hana , Gander Jennifer C. , Wang Zhensheng , Reeves-Daniel Amber M. , Browne Teri , Ellis Matthew J. , Rossi Ana P. , Pastan Stephen O. , Patzer Rachel E. ,   on behalf of the Southeastern Kidney Transplant Coalition
Published: May 2021

Background and objectives
Dialysis facilities in the United States play a key role in access to kidney transplantation. Previous studies reported that patients treated at for-profit facilities are less likely to be waitlisted and receive a transplant, but their effect on early steps in the transplant process is unknown. The study’s objective was to determine the association between dialysis facility profit status and critical steps in the transplantation process in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In this retrospective cohort study, we linked referral and evaluation data from all nine transplant centers in the Southeast with United States Renal Data System surveillance data. The cohort study included 33,651 patients with kidney failure initiating dialysis from January 1, 2012 to August 31, 2016. Patients were censored for event (date of referral, evaluation, or waitlisting), death, or end of study (August 31, 2017 for referral and March 1, 2018 for evaluation and waitlisting). The primary exposure was dialysis facility profit status: for profit versus nonprofit. The primary outcome was referral for evaluation at a transplant center after dialysis initiation. Secondary outcomes were start of evaluation at a transplant center after referral and waitlisting.

Results
Of the 33,651 patients with incident kidney failure, most received dialysis treatment at a for-profit facility (85%). For-profit (versus nonprofit) facilities had a lower cumulative incidence difference for referral within 1 year of dialysis (−4.5%; 95% confidence interval, −6.0% to −3.2%). In adjusted analyses, for-profit versus nonprofit facilities had lower referral (hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.88). Start of evaluation within 6 months of referral (−1.0%; 95% confidence interval, −3.1% to 1.3%) and waitlisting within 6 months of evaluation (1.0%; 95% confidence interval, −1.2 to 3.3) did not meaningfully differ between groups.

Conclusions
Findings suggest lower access to referral among patients dialyzing in for-profit facilities in the Southeast United States, but no difference in starting the evaluation and waitlisting by facility profit status.
Lean Six Sigma untuk Mengurangi Waste Pada Produksi Tablet Coating A
Authors: Kholil, M.T. Muhammad , Oktaandhini Dhita Savira , Suparno Adizty 
Published: May 2021

PT. Medica Indonesia salah satu perusahaan farmasi etikal terbesar di Indonesia. Departement Pilot Plant berperan sebagai fasilitas peningkatan skala setelah skala lab untuk memastikan bahwa QTPP (Quality Target Product Profile) secara konsisten dicapai dalam skala pilot dan skala produksi. Masih tingginya angka reject sebesar 3,6 % dari target reject sebesar 0,5 % pada produk andalan tablet coating A merupakan suatu ancaman. Identifikasi penyebab pemborosan perlu dilakukan untuk peningkatan dan perbaikan pada lini produksi. Penelitian ini melakukan Integrasi Lean Six Sigma dengan menggunakan metode DMAIC, VSM dan VALSAT. Analisa menggunakan tools WRM dan WAQ. Berdasarkan Analisa VALSAT, ditemukan 3 pemborosan terbesar yaitu defect (38,47%), overproduction (16,32%) dan inventory (10,13%). Pemborosan diidentifikasi menggunakan diagram fishbone kemudian dari analisis FMEA menunjukan nilai RPN tertinggi yang dijadikan prioritas usulan perbaikan. Hasil menunjukan pengurangan defect ratio dari 10,35 % menjadi 1,65 % dan pengurangan waste inventory yang diakibatkan overproduction.
Application of two-dimensional sandwich structure supported Pt single-atom catalyst in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: first principle
Authors: li yanshuai , dong shizhi , zhu bingshuai , li ruichuan , shang wenlong , chen linghui , zhang jinyu , zhao zhilong , guo lin 
Published: May 2021

The preparation of hydrogen by photocatalytic principle is an important
subject in the future energy direction. This article intends to design
the catalytic structure of a crystalline (amorphous)
TiO2/two-dimensional MoS2 sandwich structure supporting a single-atom,
and explore the effect of this special structure on the photocatalytic
reaction.Calculating the effective mass, electrostatic potential, light
absorption spectrum and other related properties by DFT method, the
analysis shows that the sandwich structure catalyst has good carrier
transfer ability and electron-hole separation ability. Except for the
Pt@Amorphousr-TiO2/MoS2 sandwich structure single-atom catalyst, which
only has an excellent effect on the oxygen evolution of water, the rest
of the interlayer catalysts have the two characteristics of
photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution.The new catalyst
designed in this paper has innovative design ideas and high-efficiency
research and development value.
Diabetic Polyneuropathy Early in Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated With Higher Incidence Rate of Cardiovascular Disease: Results From Two Danish Cohort Studies
Authors: Bjerg Lasse , Nicolaisen Sia K. , Christensen Diana H. , Nielsen Jens S. , Andersen Signe T. , Jørgensen Marit E. , Jensen Troels S. , Sandbæk Annelli , Andersen Henning , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Sørensen Henrik T. , Witte Daniel R. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Charles Morten 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
Symptoms indicative of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) early in type 2 diabetes may act as a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We linked data from two Danish type 2 diabetes cohorts, the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People With Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION-Denmark) and the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2), to national health care registers. The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq) was completed at diabetes diagnosis in ADDITION-Denmark and at a median of 4.6 years after diagnosis of diabetes in DD2. An MNSIq score ≥4 was considered as indicative of DPN. Using Poisson regressions, we computed incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of CVD and all-cause mortality comparing MNSIq scores ≥4 with scores &lt;4. Analyses were adjusted for a range of established CVD risk factors.

RESULTS
In total, 1,445 (ADDITION-Denmark) and 5,028 (DD2) individuals were included in the study. Compared with MNSIq scores &lt;4, MNSIq scores ≥4 were associated with higher incidence rate of CVD, with IRRs of 1.79 (95% CI 1.38–2.31) in ADDITION-Denmark, 1.57 (CI 1.27–1.94) in the DD2, and a combined IRR of 1.65 (CI 1.41–1.95) in a fixed-effect meta-analysis. MNSIq scores ≥4 did not associate with mortality; combined mortality rate ratio was 1.11 (CI 0.83–1.48).

CONCLUSIONS
The MNSIq may be a tool to identify a subgroup within individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with a high incidence rate of subsequent CVD. MNSIq scores ≥4, indicating DPN, were associated with a markedly higher incidence rate of CVD, beyond that conferred by established CVD risk factors.
Health Care Providers’ Emotional Responses to Their Patients’ Hypoglycemic Events: Qualitative Findings From the InHypo-DM Study, Canada
Authors: Brown Judith Belle , Reichert Sonja M. , Valliere Yashoda , McLachlan Cecelia , Webster-Bogaert Susan , Ratzki-Leewing Alexandria , Ryan Bridget L. , Harris Stewart B. 
Published: May 2021

Objective
Hypoglycemia can cause psychological distress in people with diabetes; however, less is understood about the emotional impact of hypoglycemia on their health care providers (HCPs). This article focuses on the experiences and emotions of HCPs caring for patients with diabetes.

Methods
This was a descriptive qualitative study from the InHypo-DM research program. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 20 HCPs from a variety of professions for 30- to 45-minute semi-structured interviews. An iterative analysis was conducted to identify the overarching themes.

Results
Three overarching themes encompassed the responses of participants when their patients experienced hypoglycemia. The first was a sense of professional responsibility, as participants felt they must have failed or inadequately fulfilled their professional duties. The second was a more personal range of emotions such as sadness and guilt. The final theme was how these emotions created a “call to action,” prompting participants to identify potential strategies to prevent future hypoglycemic events.

Conclusion
This qualitative study highlights the emotional impact of patients’ hypoglycemia on HCPs. Although it may have been expected that HCPs have a strong sense of professional responsibility, it was unexpected that these responses often became personal emotions. To ameliorate the negative impact of these responses on patient care, HCPs should engage in activities that enable them to anticipate and manage their own emotional responses. In addition, strategies to optimize hypoglycemia detection and prevention should be promoted.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sustainable development goals: What we learn from the past and where we are heading?
Authors: Hishan Sanil S , Qureshi Muhammad Imran , Khan Nohman , Ramakrishnan Suresh , Jaiprakash Heethal , Vaicondam Yamunah 
Published: May 2021

Recently, the world is witnessing a severe global health issue owing to the COVID 19 pandemic, initially encountered at the city of Wuhan in Hubei province in China. It spread rapidly, so do the fatality ratio. This pandemic has jeopardized the sustainable development goals at large. Still, the future is uncertain. The current study aimed to serve a multi-fold objective. First is to review the past literature on the coronavirus family to map our current understanding of its epidemic outbarks and to overview its social, environmental, and economic impact. Finally, to provide future agenda for policymakers to restrain the sustainable development goals. We used Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases for the systematic literature review process. We followed a strict screening process recommended in the PRISMA guidelines for the screening and quality assessment of systematic literature review. Final 51 studies were included for the systematic literature review. A systematic review of the past literature identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS), bovine Coronavirus, canine Coronavirus, and feline Coronavirus are the significant classifications of the Coronavirus family discuss in the literature. We highlighted the potential pitfalls in the past literature, mainly serious scarce of collaborative and multidisciplinary research on the pandemic, although several researchers in the past highlighted the issue. However, these studies were mostly in a lab setting and experimental design. We provided a framework for a pandemic strategic response plan through multidisciplinary research to mitigate the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic and to be prepared for future episodes.
The Role of using smartphone applications in developing creative thinking among first-grade secondary students in the course of computer: دور استخدام تطبيقات الهواتف الذكية في تنمية مهارات التفكير الإبداعي لطلاب الصف الأول الثانوي في مقرر الحاسب
Authors: Abdulmajeed Mohamad Asiri  
Published: May 2021

The present research aimed to identify the role of using smartphone applications in developing the creative thinking skills among students in the first grade of secondary education in the computer course. The descriptive and analytical approach was adopted, and the research tool was represented in the questionnaire. The research population included all the first-grade students of Abha Department of Education in Asir region, which amounted to (367) students. About (88) students were randomly chosen. The research concluded several conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a role for using smartphone applications in developing the skill of (fluency) among students in the first grade of secondary education in the computer course with relative weight (71.2%), developing the skill of (Flexibility) with relative weight (70.2%), developing the skill of (originality) with relative weight (77.2%), and developing the skill of (brainstorming) with relative weight (73.8%). The researcher recommended the necessity of using smartphone applications because they are one of the most important sources for building, strengthening and developing creative thinking skills in the educational environment in which the education department operates, and increasing interest in these applications by examining the experiences of developed countries and making use of them in the best way possible, and preparing training programs required to increase awareness among students in the first grade of secondary education of the importance of using smartphone applications and their relationship to developing creative thinking skills.
(Improving staff selection using a revised CV format (Business Communication Article: تحسين اختيار الموظفين باستخدام صيغة سيرة ذاتية منقحة
Authors: Edah Mohammad Atiah AL- Zhrany, Mona Saeed Al- Zubaidi, Amna  
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to investigate the acceptance of the revised CVs، which includes information on the evaluation of the applicant's personality. To achieve the objectives of the study، the researcher used the descriptive survey method. The data were obtained from a random sample (115) respondents of recruitment managers، and human resources staff in the directorates of Al- Laith province. Respondents found that the new content was useful and that new information on applicants' personalities and their evaluation added value when compared to a traditional resume. This study also suggests that candidates' job screening and selection effectiveness can be improved with the inclusion of their personal evaluation data in the traditional method and may be useful for training new business school graduates in preparing their careers.
Effect of bank financing on exports and imports of reciprocal commodities in Sudan: أثر التمويل المصرفي علي صادرات وواردات السلع المنظورة في السودان
Authors: Sondos Atef Jalal Saleh - Emad Sulaiman Sharif Mohammed  
Published: May 2021

This empirical study aims to highlight the relationship between exports and imports on the one hand and the financing of foreign trade in Sudan. If we ignore the meteorologic and the political factors and international economic variability, It is supposed that This relationship is positive so the increase of the bank financing size leads to an increase in the volume of foreign trade.And to prove it, we have adopted and analytical and deductive approach applied to a sample of economic and banking data from 2004 to 2012.The results showed that there is a continuous increase in the volume of exports in line with the increase in financing granted for exports. However, there is a fluctuation in the imports financing which was accompanied by a fluctuation in the volume of imports. The study recommended more attention to the export subsidies in addition to the continuous and systematic support to the imports.