bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug resistance in tuberculosis- resurvey in Wardha district, India after implementation of revised national TB control program
Authors: Meshram Supriya , Narang Pratibha , Mohammed Farah , Narang Rahul , Gomathi N S , Dawale Ajay 
Published: September 2021

Level of drug resistance among new TB patients indicates the efficacy of any control programme. A drug resistance survey, as a part of global study in new pulmonary tuberculosis (NPTB) patients, was conducted in Wardha district, India under WHO /IUTLD in 2001, before the implementation of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) which was implemented in the district in 2002. The present study was conducted in Wardha district in 2014-2015, thirteen years after the implementation of RNTCP, and the drug resistance in isolates from NPTB patients was compared to the results of 2001 survey. The methodology used was same in both the surveys. : In addition to 132 isolates from Wardha, the study also included 112 isolates from adjoining city, Nagpur and total of 244 sputum isolates were subjected to drug sensitivity by standard 1% proportion method on Lowenstein Jensen’s medium. In addition molecular typing of resistant strains was done.: In Wardha, compared to 2001 survey, overall susceptibility to first line drugs washigher (94.7% vs 80.2%); and resistance to streptomycin (3% vs 7.6%) and isoniazid (2.2% vs 15.2%) were significantly lower (p≤ 0.05). MDR was 0.75% against 0.50% in the earlier study but the difference was statistically not significant. Only two MDR isolate were recovered, of which only one was from Wardha.After the implementation of RNTCP in Wardha District, drug resistancein new PTB patients has shown a decline and MDR continues to be low reflecting upon the efficiency of the program.
Desarrollo sostenible y el cultivo agroindustrial de la palma de aceite en Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Manzano López Dennys Jazmín , Botello Sanchez Eder Alexander , Zambrano Miranda Mario de Jesús 
Published: September 2021

El cultivo agroindustrial de palma de aceite ha sido considerado en diversas partes del mundo y por varios gobiernos nacionales y regionales de Colombia como una apuesta productiva de desarrollo y competitividad. No obstante, su promoción, resultados y efectos deben ser cotejados a la luz de la nueva agenda de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 2030, y con ello encaminar sus principales beneficios en función del desarrollo sostenible. Con fundamento en lo anterior, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo estimar el nivel de desarrollo sostenible del cultivo agroindustrial de palma de aceite en Norte de Santander. Para ello, en primer lugar, a partir de las cuatro dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible se caracterizan las Unidades de Producción Agrícola (UPA) palmicultoras del departamento; y en segundo lugar, mediante el Índice Multidimensional de Desarrollo Sostenible (IMDS) se estima el nivel de desarrollo sostenible de cada UPA. Los resultados sugieren que la actividad no parece ofrecer condiciones que promuevan un desarrollo con crecimiento económico próspero, que sea socialmente incluyente y ambientalmente sostenible en el marco de la buena gobernanza; es decir, la actividad no promueve integralmente el desarrollo sostenible para los palmicultores de Norte de Santander.
Analisis coal losses pada kegiatan penambangan di Pit Inul Middle Panel 3 PT Kaltim Prima Coal
Authors: Irfandy Afif , Triantoro Agus , Melati Sari 
Published: September 2021

Coal Losses merupakan proses hilangnya batubara yang terjadi pada saat proses penambangan berlangsung sampai pada saat pengiriman batubara ke tujuan. Proses penambangan batubara seperti clean up roof batubara, proses pemuatan batubara, serta saat pengangkutan batubara menuju stockpile berpotensi menimbulkan coal losses. PT Kalimantan Prima Coal menetapkan coal recovery criteria sebesar 98,5%, lebih ketat dari yang ditetapkan Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) sebesar 90%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung coal losses pada proses clean up batubara, pemuatan batubara di loading point, dan pengangkutan batubara; mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya coal losses; dan memberi rekomendasi upaya penanganan coal losses.Penelitian dilakukan di Pit Inul Middle Panel 3 pada PT KPC bulan Mei dan Juni 2019. Ada lima seam batubara yang diamati, yaitu seam K17LR, K13, K12, K9 dan K4. PT KPC menggunakan survey yang dibandingkan dengan truck count untuk menghitung coal recovery. Total coal losses yang didapat dari setiap seam dibagi menjadi tiga proses penambangan batubara, yaitu coal losses pada saat clean up roof batubara, di loading point, dan saat hauling.Coal Losses yang didapatkan pada seam K17LR bulan Mei dan Juni 2019 sebesar 4,49% dan 3,93%; seam K13 bulan Mei dan Juni 2019 sebesar 2,83% dan 1,47%; seam K12 bulan Mei dan Juni 2019 sebesar 3,57% dan 2,71%; seam K9 bulan Mei dan Juni 2019 sebesar 4,24% dan 4,15%; seam K4 bulan Mei dan Juni 2019 sebesar 4,3% dan 1,11%. Coal losses yang terjadi masih di atas dari kriteria yang diberikan oleh ESDM sehingga masih memenuhi batas kriteria. Persentase coal losses terbesar terjadi di loading point sehingga dilakukan simulasi pengurangan coal losses di loading point. Total losses 19.43% pada Bulan Mei and dan 13.38% pada Bulan Juni berhasil diturunkan menjadi 9,44% and 6,98%. Kata-kata kunci : batubara, recovery, clean up, loading point, hauling
Kajian pengaruh faktor batuan terhadap fragmentasi batuan overburden hasil peledakan berdasarkan model Kuz-Ram
Authors: Milus Archan , Santoso Eko , Fikri Hafidz Noor 
Published: September 2021

Distribusi fragmentasi hasil peledakan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor ialah massa batuan, jenis bahan peledak, jumlah bahan peledak yang digunakan, deskripsi massa batuan didalam faktor batuan pada daerah penelitian yaitu powdery dan blocky. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh factor batuan terhadap fragmentasi hasil peledakan overburden.Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pengamatan secara langsung dilapangan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai kondisi situasi aktual seperti keterdapatan rock mass description (RMD), joint plane spacing (JPS), joint plane orientation (JPO), specific gravity (SGI), hardness. Pada penelitian faktor batuan hanya nilai RQD yang memiliki pengaruh sangat besar dalam peledakan. Analisis faktor batuan terhadap fragmentasi batuan menggunakan perangkat lunak Split Desktop 2.0 untuk menghitung hasil fragmentasi aktual hasil peledakan sedangkan untuk teoritis menggunakan metode model Kuz-Ram. Berdasarkan kajian nilai rock quality designation terhadap fragmentasi batuan hasil peledakan didapatkan nilai fragmentasi 80 cm ≥ 80% dikatakan ideal, hasil fragmentasi pada 2 lokasi penelitian dengan kegiatan peledakan 6 kali ialah 93,61%, 87,68%, 90,91% (powdery) dan 72,68%, 74.56%, 76.04% (blocky) untuk perhitungan model Kuz-Ram. Jadi pada satu lokasi penelitian masih di jumpai hasil distribusi fragmentasi yang kurang bagus dengan ukuran saringan 80 cm ≤ 80%, yaitu pada deskripsi massa batuan blocky. Kata Kunci: factor batuan, fragmentasi batuan, hasil peledakan, massa batuan
Aspek geoteknik pemanfaatan lempung kaolin sebagai material lapis badan jalan tambang Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Pranoto Haikun , Mustofa Adip , Kartini Kartini 
Published: September 2021

Desa Limamar merupakan desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Astambul Kabupaten Banjar, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Desa Limamar memiliki tanah lempung kaolin dan pasir kuarsa dengan pontensi yang sangat berlimpah. Tanah lempung kaolin sering dimanfaatkan warga setempat untuk dijadikan bahan bangunan dan sering dimanfaatkan sebagai material alternatif jalan, karena potensi tanah lempung kaolin sangat berlimpah di desa tersebut, sehingga memiliki kecenderungan tanah setempat dapat digunakan untuk lapis tanah urug jalan. Untuk mengetahui kuat atau tidaknya suatu jalan dalam menahan alat diatas permukaan maka perlu adanya daya dukung tanah yang baik guna sebagai aspek geoteknik jalan. Daya dukung tanah didapatkan dengan pengujian pemadatan tanah dan uji CBR.Hasil pemadatan dan uji CBR di laboratorium didapatkan nilai daya dukung izin tanah menggunakan variasi tumbukan 10, 25 dan 56 dengan rincian tumbukan 10 menghasilkan daya dukung tanah terendah sebesar 147,10 Kpa dan tertinggi sebesar 223,27 Kpa. Tumbukan 25 menghasilkan daya dukung tanah terendah sebesar 195,47 Kpa dan tertinggi sebesar 237. Kemudian tumbukan 56 menghasilkan daya dukung tanah terendah sebesar 231,77 Kpa dan tertinggi sebesar 277,87 Kpa serta rekomendasi ketebalan minimum lapis tanah urug daerah penelitian sebesar 0,28 meter dan ketebalan maksimum sebesar 0,37 meter. Berdasarkan nilai daya dukung izin tanah daerah penelitian, maka material tersebut tidak dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tanah urug badan jalan untuk dilewati alat angkut Hino tipe ringan hingga berat dengan kapasitas 5,2 sampai 44 ton dan memiliki kelemahan tingkat gerusan dan kembang susut tanah. Kata-kata kunci: daya dukung tanah, CBR, beban alat, tebal lapisan
Tata kelola pencadangan Wilayah Usaha Pertambangan dan Wilayah Pertambangan Rakyat berbasis SIG di Kabupaten Kapuas Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Janang Mula , Nurhakim Nurhakim , Riswan Riswan 
Published: September 2021

Wilayah Pertambangan (WP) adalah merupakan landasan bagi pemberian Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP), Izin Usaha Pertambangan Khusus (IUPK) dan Izin Pertambangan Rakyat (IPR). Dalam hal penyajian peta potensi bahan galian pada lokasi Wilayah Pertambangan (WP) menggunakan aplikasi pengolah peta berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui alur proses pencadangan wilayah khususnya Wilayah Usaha Pertambangan (WUP) dan Wilayah Pertambangan Rakyat (WPR) yang adalah bagian dari Wilayah Pertambangan (WP),Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang digunakan yaitu Metode Analisis Data/Overlay Peta yang diperoleh dari Pengolahan Data Primer dan Data Sekunder. Berdasarkan Hasil Pengolahan Data Primer dan Data Sekunder serta telaah Peta melalui metode Analisis/Overlay Peta terdapat Faktor-faktor atau kendala-kendala yang mempengaruhi Pencadangan Wilayah pada daerah penelitian antara lain adanya perubahan Rencana Pola Ruang Wilayah, Adanya Penetapan Wilayah Pertambangan Pulau Kalimantan, Adanya Perubahan Fungsi Kawasan Hutan, adanya tumpang tindih dengan perizinan yg sudah ada baik dibidang pertambangan maupun lokasi Izin usaha lainnya seperti Perusahaan Perkebunan/HGU, serta adanya perubahan regulasi yang terkait langsung dengan kegiatan pertambangan mineral dan batubara. Kata-kata kunci: Izin Usaha Pertambangan, Izin Pertambangan Rakyat, overlay peta
STUDIO KOMIK AGORA DI BANJARABRU
Authors: Annada Katrun , Sarbini Gusti Novi 
Published: September 2021

The Agora Comics Studio in Banjarbaru is a studio building that is not only a place for drawing but also a place that provides a gathering place for the community to enjoy comics with various activities. By applying comic elements into the building as a place to make the story in three dimensions and the people in it are indirectly involved as characters for their own stories. The application of the methods of superimpose theories can solve problems and provide design ideas. Resulting in a 3D Story concept which became the idea of ​​the Agora Comic Study building in Banjarbaru.
PERPUSTAKAAN KOLABORATIF (MAKERSPACE LIBRARY) DI BANJARBARU
Authors: Bilah Muhammad El'Arif , Andini Dila Nadya 
Published: September 2021

The library in Banjarbaru is still considered as nothing more than a place to read books and the books themselves are only old book collections, this creates a stigma that libraries do not develop according to the needs of people who are too dependent on digitalization and technology. This is the underlying reason why people lack interest in visiting the library. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a library as a new face of public space that can accommodate activities for collaboration and offer social networks for the Banjarbaru community. The purpose of designing a Collaborative Library (Makerspace Library) in Banjarbaru is to create an educated, accustomed to reading, and highly cultured community. Through the library, people can exchange information and knowledge.
SLAVERY OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT FISHERS: A REVIEW OF REGULATION AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Nur Muhammad 
Published: September 2021

<em>According to the 2018 Global Slavery Index, migrant workers in the maritime and fisheries industry are as the second-ranked sector with the worst modern slavery practices among other work sectors in the world. This article aimed to analyze why many cases of modern slavery experienced by migrant fishers from Indonesia, and what stakeholders should do to improve the protection system for migrant fishers from Indonesia. The author uses normative juridical research methods. The data collection method used is the literature study. The results of this study found that the high number of cases affecting migrant fishers from Indonesia is caused by various governance weaknesses that have occurred so far. These weaknesses occur both at home and abroad. These weaknesses start from policy to implementation in the field and has resulted in cases of violations against migrant fishers that continue to this day. This paper provides some protection model and recommendations for improving the governance of placement and protection for the migrant fishers, namely: 1. Supervision System Improvement; 2. Improvement of the data collection system for Indonesian migrant fishers; 3. Increasing and developing foreign cooperation; 4. Increasing socio-economic reintegration programs; 5. Ratification of the Work in Fishing Convention 2007. </em>
Spontaneous Reporting of Adverse Drug Reaction Among Health Professionals In Kpone-Katamanso District, Ghana
Authors: Asiamah Morrison , Akuffo Kwadwo Owusu , Nortey Pricillia , Donkor Nina , Danso-Appiah Anthony 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADR) is an effective means of ensuring postmarketing surveillance of drugs, and health professionals play a cardinal role through voluntary reporting of ADR. However, the pharmacovigilance system in Ghana is plagued with under-reporting issues, which is of public health concern. Method: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study involving 268 health professionals at Kpone-Katamanso District was carried out. Data on spontaneous reporting of ADR, demographics of participants, knowledge, and attitudes of professionals towards reporting and factors that may influence ADR reporting were collected. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of the independent variables with spontaneous reporting of ADR.Result: Overall, 77.6% (208) of the 268 respondents had witnessed ADR; however, only 17.3% of the respondents have ever reported an ADR to the FDA. Health professionals who had adequate knowledge on spontaneous reporting of ADR were 51.9%, while 30.3% had very good knowledge of spontaneous reporting of ADR. After statistical adjustment, Age (AOR=2.26, 95%CI= 1.25–4.10), Fear of Legal Consequences (AOR=0.15, 95%CI=0.41–0.51), Time Constraint (AOR=0.3, 95%CI=0.10–0.91), Pharmacovigilance training (AOR= 18.78, 95%CI= 5.46–64.59) and Unavailability of Reporting form (AOR=0.28, 95%CI=0.09– 0.88) were found to be significantly associated spontaneous reporting of ADR. Conclusion: The proportion of health professionals in the Kpone-Katamanso District who spontaneously report observed ADR is low. Our findings underscore the need for the FDA to intensify awareness through media sensitization and engage all relevant stakeholders on the need for the entire population to report ADR.
The Functions of Clusterin Expression in Renal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Macrophage Activation
Authors: weng xiaodong , Li Jing , Guan Qiunong , Zhao Haimei , Wang Zihuan , Gleave Martin , Nguan Christopher , DU Caigan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The expression of clusterin (CLU) in mice increases resistance to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes renal tissue repair. However, the mechanisms underlying of the renal protection of CLU remain largely unknown. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), found in different compartments of the kidney, may contribute to kidney cell turnover and injury repair. This study investigated the in vitro functions of CLU in kidney mesenchymal stromal cells (KMSCs). KMSCs were isolated by digestion of kidney tissues with collagenase type 1 and growth in plastic culture plates. Cell surface markers, apoptosis and phagocytosis were determined by flow cytometry, and CLU protein by Western blot. Here, we showed that KMSCs isolated from both wild type (WT) and CLU knockout (KO) mice positively expressed CD133, Sca-1, CD44, and CD117, and negatively of CD34, CD45, CD163, CD41, CD276, CD138 and CD79a. There was no difference in trilineage differentiation to chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes between WT and KO KMSCs. CLU protein was expressed in and secreted by WT KMSCs, and it was up-regulated in response to hypoxia. However, lack of CLU expression did not negatively affect hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cultured KMSCs. The WT KMSCs proliferated faster than KO KMSCs in cultures. Furthermore, the incubation of macrophages with CLU-containing culture medium from WT KMSCs increased the CD206 expression in the macrophages and their phagocytic capacity. In conclusion, our data for the first time demonstrate the functions of CLU in the promotion of KMSCs proliferation, and may be required for KMSCs-regulated macrophage M2 polarization and phagocytic activity.
A Computational Pipeline for Functional Gene Discovery
Authors: Colon Aolani , Hirday Rishabh , Patel Ami , Poddar Amrita , Tuberty-Vaughan Emma , Fu Tianyue , Ai Xin , Li Wei Vivian , Cai Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Many computational pipelines exist for the detection of differentially expressed genes. However, computational pipelines for functional gene detection are rarely exist. We developed a new computational pipeline for functional gene identification from transcriptome profiling data. Key features of the pipeline include clustering optimization by gap statistics, gene ontology analysis for each cluster, and literature analysis for functional gene discovery. By leveraging this pipeline on RNA-seq datasets of mouse retinal development studies, we identified 14 candidate genes involved in the formation of the photoreceptor outer segment. The expression of top three candidate genes (Pde8b, Laptm4b, and Nr1h4) in the outer segment of the developing mouse retina were experimentally validated by immunohistochemical analysis. This computational pipeline can accurately predict novel functional gene for a specific biological process, e.g., the outer segment development of the photoreceptor cells in the mouse retina. This pipeline is also applicable to functional gene discovery for any other biological processes and in any other organs and tissues.
Comparison of PSMA PET/CT with fluoride PET/CT for detection of bone metastatic disease in prostate cancer
Authors: Regula Naresh Kumar , Kostaras Vasileios , Johansson Silvia , Trampal Carlos , Lindström Elin , Lubberink Mark , Iyer Victor , Velikyan Irina , Sörensen Jens 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
18F-NaF positron emission tomography/computed tomography (fluoride PET/CT) is considered the most sensitive technique to detect bone metastasis in prostate cancer (PCa). 68Ga-PSMA-11 (PSMA) PET/CT is increasingly used for staging of PCa. This study primarily aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of fluoride PET/CT and PSMA PET/CT in identifying bone metastasis followed by a comparison of PSMA PET/CT with contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) in identifying soft tissue lesions as a secondary objective. Methods: Twenty-eight PCa patients with high suspicion of disseminated disease following curative treatment were prospectively evaluated. PET/CT examinations using fluoride and PSMA were performed. All suspicious bone lesions were counted, and the tracer uptake was measured as standardized uptake values (SUV) for both tracers. In patients with multiple findings, ten bone lesions with highest SUVmax were selected from which identical lesions from both scans were considered for direct comparison of SUVmax. PSA at scan was correlated with findings of both scans. Results: Both scans were negative for bone lesions in 7 patients (25%). Of 699 lesions consistent with skeletal metastasis in 21 patients on fluoride PET/CT, PSMA PET/CT identified 579 lesions (83%). In 69 identical bone lesions fluoride PET/CT showed significantly higher uptake (mean SUVmax:73.1 ± 36.8) compared to PSMA PET/CT (34.5 ± 31.4; p < 0.001). PSA at scan was correlated with SUVmax of PSMA PET/CT (r = 0.58; p = 0.01). No correlation was observed between PSA and fluoride PET/CT measurements. Compared to CE-CT, PSMA PET/CT showed better diagnostic performance in locating local (96% vs 61%, p = 0.004) and lymph node (94% vs 46%, p < 0.001) metastasis. Conclusion: PSMA PET/CT was able to detect majority of bone lesions that were positive on fluoride PET/CT and was better correlated with PSA at time of scan. Further, this study indicates better diagnostic performance of PSMA PET/CT to locate soft tissue lesions compared to CE-CT.
Corneal Astigmatism Changes After Ptosis Correction in Two Age Groups of Patients with Congenital Ptosis
Authors: Lekskul Apatsa , Tangphikunatam Tunyarat , Tangtammaruk Phantaraporn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate postoperative corneal astigmatism changes after ptosis correction in groups of young and older patients with congenital ptosis.Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study of 28 patients (56 eyes) with congenital ptosis enrolled at Ramathibodi Hospital was performed from April 2018 to June 2019. Within this group of patients there were 6 cases of bilateral congenital ptosis and 22 unilateral cases of congenital ptosis forming a total of 34 individual ptotic eyes for the study. The patients were categorized into two groups: early-age group (aged ≤5 years,) comprising of 14 eyes and older-age group (aged >5 years) comprising of 20 eyes. The preoperative visual acuity, amblyopic status, ptosis severity, and refractive error of both groups were evaluated prior to ptosis correction. All patients underwent ptosis correction with either levator resection or frontalis sling. Following the correction, the refractive error was measured after a follow-up period of at least 6 months. The astigmatism results were classified into three subgroups: with-the-rule, against-the-rule and oblique astigmatism.Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 8.91 ± 7.05 years. From the study group, amblyopia was found in 13 out of 28 patients (46.4%). The most common type of astigmatism was with-the-rule astigmatism, making up 24 out of 34 ptotic eyes (70.6%). A postoperative astigmatism change of >0.50 diopters was found in 4 out of14 eyes (28.6%) in the early-age group and in 6 out of 20 eyes (30.0%) in the older-age group (Rate ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.34–6.07). Conclusion: Astigmatism was reduced following ptosis correction, with no statistically significant difference in the amount of reduction between the two age groups. As there is no significant difference, surgical correction can be deferred in patients of all age groups with anisometropic amblyogenic ptosis until appropriate surgical planning is possible.