bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of neonatal resuscitation simulation using a competency-based approach on knowledge, skill, and self-confidence of midwifery students using objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)
Authors: Hakimi Masumah , Kheirkhah Masoomeh , Abolghasemi Jamileh , Hakimi Razia 
Published: April 2021

Background:
First-day neonate death has the highest rate in infant mortality. Using modern educational methods such as simulation and competency can be effective in improving learners' performance and subsequently their confidence.

Material and Method:
This study was a quasi-experimental intervention on 80 midwifery students of semester 3, 4, and 5 undergraduate degrees. Eighty-six students registered after the researcher's explanations. The learners were randomly assigned into two groups while they were receiving routine midwifery education according to the midwifery curriculum. The learners in the intervention group (in seven groups) received a 7-hour session about neonate resuscitation. The theory session was conducted using PowerPoint presentation, lecture, video, and pictures. The practical session was conducted using simulation with manikins of skill laboratory. The skill practice continued until the learners achieved competency (performing 90% of resuscitation steps). The learners were assessed before, immediately, and 6 weeks after training using questionnaires and a checklist. The data were analyzed using SPSS, descriptive, and inferential statistics.

Results:
The knowledge, skill, and self-confidence scores increased significantly immediately after the training (P < 0.001), from 5.05 ± 2.07 (out of 12) to 10.17 ± 1.31, 18.90 ± 3.14 to 68.45 ± 2.05, and 1.50 ± 0.55 to 2.02 ± 0.57, respectively. The changes were retained 6 weeks after the training. These changes were not observed in the control group.

Conclusion:
Competency-based, simulation-based, and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) were effective in students learning to manage initial neonatal resuscitation in the skills' lab, and this increase was retained 6 weeks after the training.
Patterns of inflammatory lesions of the appendix in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility
Authors: Ajani Mustapha A. , Awosusi Babatope L. , Omenai Sebastian A. , Adegoke Omolade O. , Ajani Tinuade A. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Appendicitis is most common between the ages of 10 and 20 years, although all ages can be affected. Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute surgical abdomen worldwide and its incidence varies with geographical location. The aim of this study was to review all the inflammatory lesions of the surgically removed appendix in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria and to describe the histopathological patterns of these lesions.

Methods:
This study was a retrospective review of all appendectomy specimens submitted to the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from January 2009 to December 2018. Patients’ biodata, clinical parameters, and histological diagnoses were extracted from departmental surgical day books. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 23; IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York) and expressed as frequency distribution.

Results:
A total of 1071 appendectomy specimens were received in our laboratory during the 10-year study period, accounting for 3% of all specimens received. There were 1062 cases of inflammatory lesions, accounting for 99.2% of the cases. There was a male preponderance with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The age was from 1 to 83 years. The most common histological diagnosis was acute suppurative appendicitis with peritonitis accounting for 47.6% of all the cases.

Conclusion:
The findings in our study supports the fact that acute suppurative appendicitis is the most common inflammatory disease of the appendix which is consistent with other similar studies that have been done in our environment and in the developed world.
Using an Online Homework System for Fostering Self-directed Learning
Authors: Wiggins Harry , Van der Hoff Quay 
Published: April 2021

Self-directed learning is learning in which the conceptualization, design, conduct and evaluation of new content is directed and driven by the learner itself. This is an essential skill for students in the 21st century. Many large undergraduate courses use an online homework system to engage the whole class in the course material simultaneously. A very important advantage of using an online homework system is the quick feedback that gives students an immediate indication on how well they understand the work. The purpose of this study firstly focusses on constructing a framework along which to determine the role and success of an online homework system towards making students self-directed learners. The second purpose of this study is to give an example of how the framework can be used. The sample group consists of both engineering and mainstream first year mathematics students using the online homework system WebAssign. The study investigates the extent to which the online homework system fosters independent learning in these cohorts of students. The article concludes by discussing the findings, some discussion and conclusions of this framework.
Computed tomography imaging findings in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19): a descriptive study of 81 cases
Authors: Zarrintan Armin , Javadrashid Reza , Jalili Javad , Hajebrahimi Sakineh , Varshochi Mojtaba , Hajalioghli Parisa , Seifi Batool , Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari Mohammad , Kazem Tarzamni Mohammad 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionSevere acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proven to be a diagnostic challenge. Early studies have shown that computed tomography (CT) imaging may be useful in diagnosis of these patients. We aim to report CT findings in a series of hospitalized patients.Material and methodsA total of 81 patients were included in this study. All of the patients were hospitalized and had SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by molecular assay. All patients had a CT scan on the first day of admission. Imaging results were reviewed by two separate radiologists, and imaging findings were documented.ResultsSeventy-eight patients had abnormal CT imaging, while 3 had normal CT imaging. The sensitivity of CT in diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) was estimated to be 96%. The most common imaging finding was ground glass opacities, followed by septal thickening. Most lesions were located at the periphery and posterior of the lungs. Most lesions were multifocal, and involved the right lower lobe more frequently. Chest X-rays were normal in 38 patients, and the sensitivity of chest X-ray in diagnosing SARS-Cov-2 was 54%.ConclusionsCT scans could be used in diagnosis of patients with a high sensitivity (93%). No common imaging findings may also be seen alongside ground glass opacities, based on the degree of disease progression.
Analisis Makroekonomi Imbal Hasil Saham LQ45 dalam Membentuk Fortopolio Investasi pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hanifah Hani Siti , Harahap Eliya Fatma , Rosmayati Irma 
Published: April 2021

Pandemi covid 19 yang terjadi pada skala yang melintasi batas internasional termasuk ke Indonesia berimbas pada pergerakan saham. Akan halnya Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selain memiliki Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) juga memiliki indeks yang bernama LQ45. Indeks LQ45 adalah indeks yang berisi 45 saham terpilih yang memiliki likuiditas tinggi mudah untuk diperdagangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis makroekonomi imbal hasil saham LQ45 dalam membentuk fortofolio investasiÂ pada masa pandemi covid -19 secara makroekonomi. Metode yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi komparatif terhadap sampel yang ditentukan peneliti purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Secara makroekonomi, aspek moneter lebih dominan dalam pergerakan harga asaham LQ45 namun terdapat pula peran aspek fiskal yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan yang diambil stakeholder dalam mengatasi pandemi ini.
Mortalidade prematura por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e cobertura da atenção básica: análise dos indicadores
Authors: Suplici Samara Eliane Rabelo , Souza Sabrina Da Silva de , Zamprogna Katheri Maris , Cunha Ana Cláudia da , Laurindo Dione Lúcia Prim 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a taxa de Mortalidade prematura por Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e sua associação com a Cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Atenção Básica nos municípios de Santa Catarina. Método: estudo transversal que utilizou dados secundários do banco de dados oficiais do Estado. Os indicadores Mortalidade prematura por DCNT e Cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Atenção Básica nos anos 2017 e 2018, foram coletados em 2019. Os dados foram analisados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 25.0, para estatística descritiva e apresentados por média e desvio padrão. Utilizou-se teste de correlação de Spearman para as variáveis em estudo. Resultados: houve aumento nas taxas de Mortalidade prematura por DCNT e redução na Cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Atenção Básica, sem associação significativa entre esses indicadores. Conclusão: o aumento da Mortalidade prematura por DCNT e o não cumprimento das metas pactuadas requerem avaliação das ações realizadas na Atenção Básica.
A questão ambiental envolvendo os cemitérios no Brasil
Authors: Kemerich Pedro Daniel da Cunha , Bianchini Débora Cristina , Fank Jiulia Caroline , Borba Willian Fernando de , Weber Diego Polonia , Ucker Fernando Ernesto 
Published: April 2021

A sendo um tema recente e pouco debatido na sociedade atual, a questão ambiental envolvendo o sepultamento dos corpos humanos está sendo tema de muitas pesquisas que visam identificar fontes de contaminação causados pelos mesmos. Este trabalho tem por objetivo abordar todas as temáticas que envolvem os cemitérios, muitas ainda desconhecidas pela população, mas de suma importância para a saúde pública. Sendo as necrópoles os locais de sepultamento de cadáveres, existem riscos a contaminação do solo, ar e recursos hídricos pelo necrochorume e os gases originados da putrefação, se o meio de sepultamento ou a área não for adequada para tal finalidade. Somente a partir da homologação da Resolução CONANA Resolução 335/2003 essa questão começou a receber a atenção necessária. Há vários tipos de cemitérios, sendo os mais comuns os tradicionais, ou parques Jardins onde o cadáver fica em contato direto com o solo, os verticais, estes com melhor eficiência em termos ambientais e de saúde da população entorno, sendo que a cultura dos povos fator determinante para a escolha dos mesmos.
Educação ambiental na escola: do Projeto Político Pedagógico a prática docente
Authors: Grzebieluka Douglas , Silva Jocieli Aparecida 
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho propõe-se a fortalecer o processo reflexivo acerca da Educação Ambiental no âmbito escolar e sua abrangência no Projeto Político Pedagógico e na prática docente. A pesquisa descritiva, em uma primeira instância verificou-se por meio do levantamento bibliográfico fazer uma breve contextualização, reconhecendo a importância da Educação Ambiental no processo educativo. Ao reconhecer as dificuldades que permeiam a articulação entre a teoria e a prática, verificou-se a importância da atuação de professores comprometidos com a formação integral do educando de forma que ele possa interagir com competência no meio ambiente. Tendo por base essa prerrogativa, esse trabalho foi sendo vislumbrada a realidade, sobre o desenvolvimento da Educação Ambiental na Educação Formal, fomentando, a preocupação com o desenvolvimento crítico-reflexivo do educando, e com o engajamento dos profissionais da educação na promoção ações que proporcionem a preservação do meio ambiente, a emancipação humana e a formação de um cidadão consciente de sua ação no mundo.
A saudade ecologicamente correta: a educação ambiental e os problemas ambientais em cemitérios
Authors: Silveira Djalma Dias da , Palma Salate Retamoso 
Published: April 2021

Dificilmente alguém sabe ou imagina que os cemitérios possam causar grandes impactos ambientais e danos à saúde pública. A decomposição da matéria orgânica gera um líquido viscoso, de cor acinzentada-acastanhada e com odor acre e fétido, o necrochorume. Portanto, os cemitérios são depósitos de cadáveres humanos que necessitam de uma destinação correta, pois a degradação dos mesmos pode constituir inúmeros focos de contaminação. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica objetivou-se levantar dados sobre os impactos ambientais ocasionados pela construção de cemitérios, bem como avaliar as inter-relações deste assunto com os riscos à saúde pública à luz da educação ambiental. Analisando a literatura especializada, constata-se que o processo de decomposição dos corpos pode comprometer a qualidade do solo e águas subterrâneas causando alterações físicas, químicas e biológicas, além de tornar o ambiente propício a disseminação de doenças infecto-contagiosas. Será que não se pode lidar com a morte de uma forma ecologicamente correta?
Conversación con el profesor Alfonso Rodríguez Gutiérrez de Ceballos, catedrático de Historia del Arte
Authors: De la Peña Velasco Concepción 
Published: April 2021

El profesor Rodríguez Gutiérrez de Ceballos es una figura clave en el ámbito de la Historia del Arte Barroco. De sólida formación e impecable trayectoria docente e investigadora, comenzó a publicar en los años sesenta. Las respuestas a las preguntas formuladas en esta entrevista permiten aproximarse a una etapa histórica de importantes cambios en la disciplina, con figuras eminentes que sentaron nuevas bases para el estudio de la Historia del Arte Español. El profesor Rodríguez Gutiérrez de Ceballos habla de su familia, de su infancia en Salamanca, de sus estudios universitarios, de sus maestros, de sus compañeros y de su vínculo con conocidos hispanistas. Comenta sus aportaciones más destacadas y su reciente nombramiento como doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Murcia. Concluye con un mensaje de ánimo para los que comienzan.
Professor Rodríguez Gutiérrez de Ceballos is a key figure in the field of Baroque Art History. With a solid background and an impeccable teaching and research career, he began publishing in the 1960s. His answers to the questions raised in this interview provide an insight into a historic moment of important changes in the discipline and eminent figures who laid new foundations for the study of the History of Spanish Art. Professor Rodríguez Gutiérrez de Ceballos talks about his family, his childhood in Salamanca, his university studies, his teachers and colleagues and their links to renowned Hispanists. He comments on his best known contributions and his recent appointment as doctor honoris causa by the University of Murcia. It concludes with a message of encouragement for those starting in the profession.
Le slut shaming : étude qualitative d’une forme de sexisme ordinaire dans le discours et les représentations d’adolescents
Authors: Goblet Margot , Glowacz Fabienne 
Published: April 2021

Le slut shaming est défini comme la stigmatisation d’un individu en raison de son apparence sexuée en tant qu’homme ou que femme, de sa disponibilité sexuelle perçue ou de ses comportements sexuels réels ou supposés et agit en tant que sanction d’une performance genrée jugée inadéquate (Almazan & Bain, 2015; Armstrong et al., 2014). À partir d’analyses thématiques menées sur les productions d’adolescents lors de groupes de discussion, nous avons exploré les représentations des jeunes autour de la responsabilisation de la victime de violence et ce que ce processus peut activer en termes de slut shaming. Le slut shaming apparaît comme une expérience sans nom, qui pourtant s’impose à eux et contribue à orienter leurs jugements par rapport à la responsabilité de la victime, laquelle peut être vue comme un « continuum de culpabilité ». Le slut shaming semble prendre place dans une culture adolescente hétérogène dans laquelle les normes et standards genrés sont coconstruits dans l’interaction entre pairs et toujours sujets à leur sanction.
Comparative transcriptome and histological analyses provide insights into the skin pigmentation in Minxian black fur sheep (Ovis aries)
Authors: Shi Xiaolei , Wu Jianping , Lang Xia , Wang Cailian , Bai Yan , Riley David Greg , Liu Lishan , Ma Xiaoming 
Published: April 2021

Background
Minxian black fur (MBF) sheep are found in the northwestern parts of China. These sheep have developed several special traits. Skin color is a phenotype subject to strong natural selection and diverse skin colors are likely a consequence of differences in gene regulation.

Methods
Skin structure, color differences, and gene expression (determined by RNA sequencing) were evaluated the Minxian black fur and Small-tail Han sheep (n = 3 each group), which are both native Chinese sheep breeds.

Results
Small-tail Han sheep have a thicker skin and dermis than the Minxian black fur sheep (P < 0.01); however, the quantity of melanin granules is greater (P < 0.01) in Minxian black fur sheep with a more extensive distribution in skin tissue and hair follicles. One hundred thirty-three differentially expressed genes were significantly associated with 37 ontological terms and two critical KEGG pathways for pigmentation (“tyrosine metabolism” and “melanogenesis” pathways). Important genes from those pathways with known involvement in pigmentation included OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein (OCA2), dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase related protein (TYRP1), melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), and premelanosome protein (PMEL). The results from our histological and transcriptome analyses will form a foundation for additional investigation into the genetic basis and regulation of pigmentation in these sheep breeds.
Evaluation of the Effect of Some Marketed Herbal Cosmetics in Port Harcourt on Renal Parameters of Rabbits
Authors: Thompson I. N. , Bartimaeus E. S. , Nwachuku E. O. , Brown H. , Agoro E. S. 
Published: April 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three commonly marketed herbal cosmetics in Port Harcourt on the renal parameters in rabbits.
Study Design: This study is an experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Animal House, Applied and Environmental Biology Department, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between April 2020 and November 2020.
Methodology: A total of 48 rabbits were used for the study. They were divided into four groups with twelve rabbits in each group. Four rabbits from each group were treated for thirty, sixty and ninety days respectively. All the rabbits were given feed and tap water ad-libitum. Using the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline for volume selection, 0.5ml/kg of Samples A, B, C and D were each applied to 5cm by 5cm scrapped dermal Forsa of the rabbits in each group every morning for the respective treatment periods stated above. At days thirty, sixty and ninety, respectively, four rabbits from each group were sacrificed under chloroform anaesthesia. Blood samples were collected from the rabbits at intervals, 30days, 60days and 90days. The kidneys were harvested at 90 days from the rabbits. The blood was collected to test sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, urea, creatinine, KIM-1 and kidney for histological analysis. GraphPad Prism v.7.0 was used for statistical analysis and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The results showed that Potassium level was significantly higher (p<.05) from day 30 for group A compared to control, group B and group C. This is attributed to group A having a higher level of cadmium and arsenic compared to the other groups. The urea and creatinine result for group A was significantly higher by day 30 (p<.05) compared to control with group B and group C. Whereas calcium became significantly lower at day 60. With chloride significantly higher (p<.05) at day 60. Early signs of toxicity to the Kidney were identified from the significant effect on the urea, creatinine, KIM-1 and histology results. The continued use of these products contaminated by these heavy metals will release them slowly into the body of recipients and which will invariably damage the kidney.
Conclusion: The continued use of these products contaminated by these heavy metals will release them slowly into the body of recipients and which will invariably damage the kidney. Early signs of toxicity to the Kidney were identified from the significant effect on the urea, creatinine, KIM-1 and histology results.
Lepton Bound State Theory Based on First Principles
Authors: Morsch Hans-Peter 
Published: April 2021

A quantum field theory has been constructed, in which leptons are bound by electromagnetic forces. Using severe boundary conditions, in particular several constraints on the rotation velocity, a precision test has been possible, in which the needed 7 parameters are determined by many more constraints. Since arbitrary adjustment parameters are excluded, absolute values of radii, rotation velocities and binding energies are obtained, possible only in a fundamental theory, which must be close to the final lepton theory. The resulting masses are obtained with uncertainties much smaller than 1 %.
The results show a very special structure of charged and neutral leptons.
1. Charged leptons: The deduced radii due to electric and magnetic binding are different by many orders of magnitude. In particular, the large electric root mean square radius of the electron of about 103fm is almost of the same size as electron wave functions in light atoms, whereas the magnetic radius of 2.5 · 10−10 fm is consistent with a ”point” particle needed to describe electron hadron scattering.

Neutrals: The acceleration term gives rise to dynamically generated neutral particles of ”hole” structure, which can be identified with neutrinos. Their masses are 2 · 10−8eV, 17 eV and 12 MeV for νe, νµ and ντ , respectively.

The full calculations together with the underlying fortran source code can be viewed at https://h2909473.stratoserver.net or https://leptonia-etc.de.
Discovery of New Phases of Bismuth Oxyselenide Semiconductor Bi2OSe2 by Global Structure Search Approach
Authors: Wang Xueting , Zhao Xingang , Wang Xinjiang , Li Hongdong , He Xin , Zhang Lijun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBi2O2X and Bi2OX2 (X = S, Se, and Te) have shown potential for thermoelectric, optoelectronic, etc. applications. The ground‐state structures of Bi2O2X have been determined experimentally (in space group I4/mmm). However, for Bi2OX2, only Bi2OS2 has been synthesized in the experiment (in space group P4/nmm). In previous theoretical studies, the crystal structures of Bi2OSe2 and Bi2OTe2 are assumed the same as that of Bi2OS2. Whether they can be experimentally synthesized remains an open question. Here, a swarm intelligence‐based structural prediction is employed in combination with first‐principles calculations to predict the crystal structures of Bi2OSe2. Three thermodynamically stable low‐energy phases (P21/m, P4/nmm, and P21/m′) are identified. Importantly, the newly reported P21/m phase, instead of the previously assumed P4/mmm phase, has the lowest energy. The P21/m‐Bi2OSe2 shows marginal stability with respect to decomposition into binary compounds Bi2O3 and Bi2Se3. The predicted phases of Bi2OSe2 have bandgaps of 0.67–1.19 eV and comparable small electron and hole carrier effective mass (less than 0.65 m0). The different phase stability between Bi2OSe2 and Bi2OS2 are explained in terms of different Bi─S and Bi─Se covalent bonding characters. Our work provides theoretical guidance for discovering new phases of Bi2OSe2 and an in‐depth understanding of the structure‐property relationship of Bi─O─S/Se system.