bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Compliance to Oral Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation among Pregnant Women in Wardha District: A Protocol for Community-based Mixed Method Study
Authors: Ahamed V. P. Ansar , Mudey Abhay , Joshi Abhishek , Raut Juhi Mangesh 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Anemia is a significant public healthcare challenge. It is prevalent, particularly among pregnant women, and leads to many complications among mothers and newborn children. According to NFHS 5, compliance with consumption of oral iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) in Wardha is 50%, hence, there is a need for in-depth exploration of sociocultural factors impacting pregnant women’s adherence to oral iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS). The proposed research will investigate pregnant women’s oral iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) compliance and identify factors affecting the availability, compliance, and intake of oral iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) and iron-rich foods.

Subject and Methods:
The study design will be a community-based mixed-method study conducted in randomly selected primary health centers in the Wardha district. Inferential statistics and regression analysis will be used for quantitative and qualitative data through thematic analysis. R Studio version 4.1.2 shall be used for statistical data analysis. Frequency and proportions of quantitative data must be recorded; thematic analysis of qualitative data must be completed; and inferential statistics such as logistic regression analysis must be performed for conformity evaluation.

Results:
The expected outcome of the study is the compliance rate of oral iron and folic acid (IFAS) and various determinants affecting the adherence rate and availability and compliance of oral iron and folic acid supplementations.

Conclusions:
The study will assess compliance in regards to oral iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women and participants and stakeholder perceptions of oral iron and folic acid (IFAS) and determinants of compliance through qualitative inquiry, the findings shall help to inform stakeholders for corrective measures and improved MCH outcomes.
Reliability of Demirjian’s, Cameriere’s, and London Atlas Methods Using Panoramic Radiographs of Developing Teeth
Authors: Krishna P. Pranay , Kotha Ramya , Pavithra Javangula Tripura , Putta Brahmanna Chowdary , Adari Deepika , Bonthagarla Krishna Sahi 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
The principle objective of forensic odontology is to establish an individual’s identity through dental records, age estimation methods, and identification of bite marks. Determining age is vital for reconstruction of the biologic profile of unknown individuals. Dental age estimation is less variable and genetically controlled when compared to skeletal methods and is hence more reliable. Hence, this study aims in estimating age using 3 most widely practiced age estimation methods, i.e. Demirjian’s, Cameriere’s, and London Atlas methods using OPGs, and compare which method stands more reliable.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was done on 100 OPGs of children between 5 and 15 years of age. OPGs were taken using X-Mind Pano D + digital panoramic unit. The scans stored in the Soredex software were analyzed for age estimation according to the standard methods for Demirjian’s, Cameriere’s, and London Atlas methods. Chronological age of children was calculated as difference between date of OPG exposed and date of birth. Estimated age using various methods is compared with chronological age.

Results:
The mean chronological age in the present study was 12.29 years. Demirjian’s method overestimated chronological age of the sample by 0.90 years which was statistically significant (P = 0.016) while Cameriere’s method and London Atlas method underestimated the age of the sample with a mean difference of 2.27 years and 0.24 years, respectively. This difference was highly statistically significant (P = 0.000) for Cameriere’s method while it was nonsignificant (P = 0.517) for London Atlas method.

Conclusion:
Although the results of the present study showed that all the 3 methods had a positive correlation with chronological age, the authors concluded that Cameriere’s method is the more reliable for age estimation as there are a significant correlation between chronological and estimated age and also a high positive correlation.
Staged Isoperistaltic Gastric Tube Esophageal Replacement in Children: A Decade of Experience
Authors: Rawat J. D. , Tyagi Nirpex , Singh Sudhir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Context:
Esophageal atresia (EA), with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), is a rare congenital anomaly. Long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) and failed primary repair of TEF often necessitate esophageal replacement in children. This study assesses the outcomes of staged isoperistaltic esophageal replacement using a gastric tube, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of staged isoperistaltic esophageal replacement using a gastric tube in children with LGEA and failed primary repair of TEF, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Settings and Design:
The study was conducted tertiary care hospital, an observational design, spanning 10 years from January 2012 to January 2022.

Methods:
This study, spanning 10 years (January 2012 to January 2022), focused on pure EA and LGEA with TEF. The three-stage approach included neonatal gastrostomy and esophagostomy, the creation of an isoperistaltic gastric tube at around 10 kg body weight, retrosternal tunneling, and subsequent closure of the cervical esophagostomy. Data on gender, weight, age, complications, gastric emptying, esophageal mucosal status, gastroesophageal reflux, and growth and nutritional status were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The study primarily utilized descriptive statistics to analyze the data. This included reporting means with standard deviations for continuous variables such as weight and age at the time of the second surgery.

Results:
Twenty-seven cases were studied, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. At the second surgery, the mean weight was 9.52 ± 0.56 kg, and the mean age was 8.5 ± 1.25 months. Four cases had minor cervical anastomotic leaks, which were managed conservatively. No postoperative ventilator support was needed. Esophageal stenosis occurred in one case and was managed with endoscopic dilatation. No delayed gastric emptying or Barrett’s esophagus was observed. Growth and nutritional assessments were normal. One mortality occurred due to postoperative bronchospasm.

Conclusion:
This 10-year study shows that staged isoperistaltic esophageal replacement with a gastric tube is a feasible option for managing EA and LGEA with TEF in resource-limited settings. The technique had low complication rates and supported normal growth and nutrition during follow-up.
Assessing the Impact of Mastectomy on the Quality of Life among Cancer Survivors: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study in Mysuru
Authors: Rose Minu Maria , Bilimale Anil S. , Krishnappa Ravi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
While mastectomy a crucial procedure in preventing and treating breast cancer is essential, it significantly impacts the emotional well-being, dignity, and overall quality of life (QoL) of survivors. Dealing with the physical challenges of mastectomy is emotionally demanding as it requires adapting to the changes in one’s body following breast cancer.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of mastectomy on the QoL among cancer survivors.

Subjects and Methods:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the outpatient departments of oncology at two tertiary care hospitals in Mysuru. Women diagnosed with breast cancer in the year 2021–2022 and who have undergone mastectomy of at least one breast were chosen for the study. The QoL was measured by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer – C-30 and BR (breast specific) – 23 modules.

Results:
Emotional, physical, social, and cognitive functioning scores assigned a maximum number of participants in the average to good QoL category. The survivors scored lower in sexual enjoyment (10.758 ± 29.73), sexual functioning (32.024 ± 45.35), future perspective (57.419 ± 38.773), and body image (57.309 ± 32.51) and reported lower QoL which was also related to their menstruation status and age. However, a small group of participants had a positive body image despite their transformed bodies. Symptoms such as fatigue (80.43 ± 24.84), nausea/vomiting (116.39 ± 64.7), insomnia (73.43 ± 38.85), and financial difficulties (65.28 ± 45.46) negatively affected the QoL. The study also highlighted that poor QoL was associated with hair loss (85.48 ± 34.60), side effects of systemic therapy (42.08 ± 22.28), arm symptoms (83.16 ± 23.67), and breast symptoms (20.71 ± 30.45).

Conclusion:
Survivors face physical and psychological changes that significantly impact their QoL. QoL assessments offer insights into the impact of the disease during and after treatment.
A characterization of inner product spaces via norming vectors
Authors: Aubrun Guillaume , Cavichioli Mathis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A finite-dimensional normed space is an inner product space if and only if the set of norming vectors of any endomorphism is a linear subspace. This theorem was proved by Sain and Paul for real scalars. In this paper, we give a different proof which also extends to the case of complex scalars.
Stability for the Sobolev inequality: Existence of a minimizer
Authors: König Tobias 
Published: January 2025

We prove that the quantitative stability inequality associated to Sobolev’s inequality, due to Bianchi and Egnell, admits a minimizer attaining the best constant

c_{\mathrm{BE}}

for every

d \geq 3

. Our proof consists in an appropriate refinement of a classical strategy going back to Brezis and Lieb. As a crucial ingredient, we establish the strict inequality

c_{\mathrm{BE}}< 2 - 2^{\frac{d-2}{d}}

, which means that a sequence of two asymptotically non-interacting bubbles cannot be minimizing. Our arguments cover in fact the analogous stability inequality for the fractional Sobolev inequality for arbitrary fractional exponent

s \in (0, \frac{d}{2})

and dimension

d \geq 2

.
Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Prosesi Mangngesse’ dalam Tradisi Masyarakat Pattae’ di Desa Batetangnga Kecamatan Binuang
Authors: Alkadri Nurmadiah , Nuzha  , Noercholis Rafid  
Published: January 2025

This research discusses 1) Procession Mangngesse’ on the traditions of the Pattae' community in Batetangnga Village 2) Review of Islamic Law regarding Processions Mangngesse’ in the traditions of the Pattae' community in Batetangnga Village. This type of research is qualitative research with a focus on field studies (field research). The approach method used is a sociological approach and a normative theological approach (syar'i). Data was collected using observation, interviews and analysis methods. The data that has been collected is then analyzed qualitatively, namely by reducing the data, presenting the data, then connecting theories related to the problem and drawing conclusions to determine the results. The research results show that Procession mangngesse’ in the community tradition pattae' is considered as thanksgiving, tolak bala, and a prayer for safety. Procession mangngesse’ In community tradition, pattae' has religious and ritual value, which brings together Islam and local culture. Judging from a review of Islamic law regarding processions mangngesse’ it is permissible to do it or the law is Mubah, meaning it is permissible during the procession mangngesse’ is still in line with Islamic teachings and does not deviate from Islamic teachings. Procession mangngesse’ can be done and defended in society. Procession mangngesse’ in line with ‘urf, the rules of Al-‘Adatu Muha}kkamah and Maq>as}id Shariah. The process mangngesse’ contains Islamic values ​​which are expressed in the procession which has symbolic prayers, and the nuances of Islam are felt strongly in its presence fuck me and barazanji.
The Impact of European Prices and the Value of Gas Produced Consumed and Burned on the Value of Oil Revenues in Iraq For Period 1997-2023
Authors: Jafaar Mhamed Radhi , Rageeb Wisam Neamah , Hussein Hashim Jabbar , Al-Ethary Adnan Dawood M. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The research aims to investigate the significant role of natural gas in the Iraqi economy, focusing on the economic impact of burning natural gas. The study addresses the problem of underutilization of Iraq's natural gas resources, emphasizing the potential benefits of investing in Iraqi natural gas instead of burning it. The central hypothesis suggests that redirecting the use of Iraqi natural gas associated with oil toward investment, rather than burning it, could help provide large quantities of natural gas for local consumption and reduce the need for imports. This approach could also optimize the economic contribution of Iraq's natural gas reserves, which remain largely underexploited.

Methods: The research uses quantitative methods to analyze the relationships between various factors, including the European gas prices, the value of gas produced, the value of gas consumed, the value of burned gas, and their effects on oil revenues. The study adopts an econometric approach, applying a standard model based on economic theory to evaluate these relationships. Data on Iraqi natural gas production, consumption, and burning practices were gathered and analyzed to estimate the economic impact of different variables on the country’s oil revenues.

Results: The results of the study reveal that the relationship between the value of gas production and oil revenues, as well as the value of burned gas, aligns with the assumptions of economic theory. The price of gas in relation to European prices also shows a consistent relationship with oil revenues. Additionally, the value of gas produced, gas consumed, and gas burned significantly affects oil revenues. However, the impact of European gas prices on oil revenues was found to be weaker compared to the other variables studied.

Conclusion: The research concludes that Iraq's natural gas resources have a substantial potential for contributing to the country's economic growth if they are invested in rather than burned. The findings support the hypothesis that efficient management of gas resources, with a focus on local consumption, could reduce Iraq's reliance on gas imports and enhance oil revenues. By optimizing the use of natural gas, Iraq could better harness its energy reserves, improving its overall economic stability and development.
AUDIO LINGUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN LISTENING BAHASA INGGRIS PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Sulistiyaningsih Riski , Fadhilah Nur 
Published: January 2025

Bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa Internasional yang harus dikuasai oleh masyarakat terutama mahasiswa yang sedang menempuh jenjang pendidikan di perguruan tinggi. Salah satu keterampilan dalam Bahasa Inggris yang harus dikuasai adalah keterampilan mendengarkan (listening). Listening merupakan keterampilan utama dalam memahami bahasa agar tidak terjadi kesalahpahaman makna kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris. Namun listening juga merupakan keterampilan bahasa yang susah untuk dikuasai karena banyak kalimat untuk ekspresi lisan yang maknanya berbeda dengan makna kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris bentuk tertulis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mendengarkan (listening) mahasiswa pada pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dengan menerapkan proses pembelajaran menggunakan metode audiolingual. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan responden adalah para mahasiswa yang masih mengikuti perkuliahan Bahasa Inggris di semester 2 baik dari jenjang D3 maupun S1. Data didapatkan dengan melakukan observasi selama proses pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dan hasil nilai mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan latihan listening. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa selama pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dengan materi listening yang menggunakan metode audiolingual dengan bentuk latihan filling the blank menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam keterampilan listening. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya nilai rata-rata yang didapatkan mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan latihan listening dengan filling the blank menggunakan metode audiolingual. Dari hasil yang didapatkan selama melakukan penelitian maka dapat dikatakan bahwa metode audiolingual dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu metode pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris terutama pembelajaran materi listening yang membutuhkan konsentrasi lebih dari para mahasiswa. Audiolingual ini juga dapat diterapkan dengan bentuk latihan Bahasa Inggris yang lainnya.
Kata Kunci: Bahasa Inggris, Listening, Audiolingual.
Effectiveness of One Minute Preceptor Model of Teaching, in Ophthalmology Students ofMohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur, Azad Jammu Kashmir
Authors: Khan Waseem Ahmed , Khaliq Tanwir 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate effectiveness of one minute preceptor Model of Teaching in Ophthalmology students in MBBS, MC, Mirpur, AJK.Study Design: Cross-sectional Study.Place and Duration of Study: Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur, AJK , Pakistan, from Oct 2019- Sep 2021. Methodology: After permission from RERC, sampling was done by Census method, Non-Probability convenience sampling. An orientation session about one minute preceptor Model of teaching was held, so that students can understand its methodology. The students were exposed to OMP Model in OPD clinical classes, after which a questionnaire comprised of 12 closed ended questions was filled by students to check effectiveness of one minute Preceptor Model. Results: The survey questionnaire comprised of 12 questions, it was filled by 100 students to check effectiveness of one minute preceptor. So, a total of 1200 responses to various aspects of one minute preceptor model were obtained. Around 722(60.16%) strongly agreed with the questions, 236(19.66%) agreed, 21(1.75%) remained neutral, disagreed with the questions, 18(01.50%) slightly disagreed with the questions, 08(0.66%) strongly disagreed about effectiveness of one minute preceptor model. Maximum students strongly agreed upon one minute preceptor model facilitating Understanding treatment of disease 69(69%), followed by Case Presentation skills 66(66%) and Discussion of Diagnostic tests 66(66%).A statistically significant correlation was observed between “Assessment of history taking skills and “Making a spot diagnosis”,i-e p-value<0.001. Another significant correlation was found between Case Presentation skills and assessment of physical examination skills. (p-value<0.001).Conclusion: OMP Model is an effective teaching tool in OPD.
Impact of nomadic pastoralists’ lifestyle on AABE programme
Authors: Lanyasunya Ropilo 
Published: January 2025

This study assessed the impact of nomadic pastoralists’ lifestyle on AABE programme in Samburu County. AABE was introduced by the Kenya Government, religious entities and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) with the aim of promoting access to basic education and enhancing Universal Primary Education for all (UPE). However, school enrolment and literacy levels in Samburu have been low, at (44%) and (12%) respectively, raising the need to examine the success of AABE in meeting the envisaged purpose. The study tested one hypotheses, namely, nomadic pastoralists’ way of life, in Samburu County. The study applied a survey research design and collected data from both primary and secondary sources. Three structured questionnaires were used for 400 learners’ household heads, and 56 teachers in charge of the 56 AABE Centers and 10 AABE providers. Secondary data were obtained from the Ministry of Education offices, AABE Centers, libraries and the internet. A stratified random sampling technique was used to sample the 400 respondents. Data was presented using frequency tabulations, chi-square, multiple regressions and correlation analyses. The findings had (80%) of the respondents who stated that mobility and herding affected success of AABE. The study recommended that there is need to approach the development in nomadic pastoralists’ areas from a multi-faceted approach such as addressing the problems of inadequacy of water, medical facilities, infrastructure, livelihoods and the problem of conflicts. The study recommended for more studies to be done on viability of AABE in other nomadic pastoral areas and encompassing other variables.
Implikasi Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Phet Simulations terhadap Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Ilham Muh. , Husniati Andi , Muzaini Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

Salah satu inovasi yang dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa adalah melalui penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan PhET Simulations. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan media PhET Simulations terhadap aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Metode dengan pendekatan quasi-eksperimen digunakan untuk menjawab rumusan permasalahan dengan sampel siswa kelas kelas IV di UPTD SDN 29 Marana. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi, tes hasil belajar, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya, kami melakukan analisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil analisis data statistik deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata aktivitas belajar matematika untuk kelas eksperimen adalah 85,69 dan untuk kelas kontrol adalah 46,35, skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa untuk kelas eksperimen 86,79 dan untuk kelas kontrol 46,35. Sedangkan hasil analisis data statistik inferensial menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig. pada aktivitas belajar siswa adalah 0,000 < 0,05 dengan nilai t-hitung > t-tabel yaitu 76,016 > 1,667. Nilai sig. pada hasil belajar siswa adalah 0,000 < 0,05 dengan nilai t-hitung 18,390 > 1,667. Uji manova menunjukkan nilai sig. 0,000 < 0,05. Artinya bahwa ada pengaruh penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media PhET Simulations terhadap aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika siswa.