bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Controllable Dual Interface Engineering Concept for Rational Design of Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Lu Qian , Zou Xiaohong , Bu Yunfei , Liao Kaiming , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSearching for bifunctional noble‐free electrocatalysts with high activity and stability are urgently demanded for the commercial application of zinc–air batteries (ZABs). Herein, the authors propose a controllable dual interface engineering concept to design a noble‐metal‐free bifunctional catalyst with two well‐designed interfaces (Ni3FeN|MnO and MnO|CNTs) via a simple etching and wet chemical route. The heterointerface between MnO and Ni3FeN facilitates the charge transfer rate during surface reaction, and heterointerface between MnO and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) support provides effective electron transfer path, while the CNTs matrix builds free diffusion channels for gas and electrolyte. Benefiting from the advantages of dual interfaces, Ni3FeN/MnO‐CNTs show superior oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction catalytic activity with an ultralow polarization gap (∆E) of 0.73 V, as well as preferable durability and rapid reaction kinetics. As proof of concept, the practical ZAB with Ni3FeN/MnO‐CNT exhibits high power density of 197 mW cm−2 and rate performance up to 40 mA cm−2, as well as superior cycling stability over 600 cycles, outperforming the benchmark mixture of Pt/C and RuO2. This work proposes a controllable dual interface engineering concept toward regulating the charge, electron, and gas transfer to achieve efficient bifunctional catalysts for ZABs.
In‐Situ Synergistic 2D/2D MXene/BCN Heterostructure for Superlative Energy Density Supercapacitor with Super‐Long Life
Authors: Nasrin Kabeer , Sudharshan Vasudevan , Subramani Kaipannan , Karnan Manickavasakam , Sathish Marappan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe 2D/2D layered materials are gaining much‐needed attention owing to the unprecedented results in supercapacitors by their robust structural and electrochemical compatibility. Here, a facile scalable synthesis of 2D/2D MXene/boron carbon nitride (BCN) heterostructure through no residue direct pyrolysis is reported. The process allows the in‐situ growth of BCN nanosheets unravelling the surfaces of MXene synergistically that provide an interconnected conductive network with wide potential window, augmented proportion of Ti sites at elevated temperature removing terminal groups enabling high pseudocapacitive activity and impressive stability. As a result, the as‐assembled MXene/BCN electrode records a high specific capacitance of 1173 F g−1 (1876 C g−1) at 2 A g−1 and an energy density of 45 Wh kg−1. Further, the fabricated solid‐state device exhibits an ultra‐high cyclability of 100% capacitive retention after 100 000 cycles. This will be an epitome for future 2D/2D heterostructures with commendable electrochemical properties as an expedient solution for energy storage applications.
Combinatorial Investigation of the Ni–Ta System via Correlated High‐Speed Nanoindentation and EDX Mapping
Authors: Wheeler Jeffrey M. , Gan Bin , Spolenak Ralph 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCorrelated high‐speed nanoindentation and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy are applied in a combinatorial investigation of the Ni–Ta system. All seven phases in the system are clearly resolved in the resulting maps, and the mechanical properties and composition ranges for each phase are determined. Good agreement with ab initio calculations is generally observed with some exceptions, most notably NiTa2. This is achieved using a simple correlation method utilizing directly overlaid data matrices to allow compositional labeling of mechanical data. This allows easy data segmentation without requiring complicated statistical deconvolution methods. Without this correlative method, phase deconvolution of the Ni–Ta system would be challenging due to several phases possessing adjacent compositions and mechanical properties. This demonstrates the potential of this new correlative approach for future investigations, particularly those involving complex microstructures and/or compositional variation.
Ultrahigh Resolution Pixelated Top‐Emitting Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes Enabled by Color‐Converting Cavities
Authors: Chen Lianna , Qin Zhiyuan , Chen Shuming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRealizing pixelated quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes for high‐resolution displays remains a challenging task because of the difficulty of fine patterning the quantum‐dots. In this study, instead of patterning the quantum‐dots, the color‐converting cavities for realizing high‐resolution pixelated emission are developed. By defining the thicknesses of the transparent electrodes (phase tuning layers) through a photolithographic process, the resultant cavities can selectively convert the unpatterned quantum‐dot white emission as saturated red, green, and blue emission with a brightness of 22170, 51930, and 3064 cd m−2 at 5.5 V, respectively. The developed method enables the realization of ultrahigh density red, green, and blue emission for a display with a resolution of ≈1700 pixel‐per‐inch and a color gamut of 111% National Television System Committee; together with the advantages of quantum‐dot patterning‐free, color‐filter‐free and high brightness, the demonstrated architecture could find potential applications in various displays ranging from cell phone to emerging virtual reality and augmented reality displays.
NAS Parallel Benchmarks with CUDA and beyond
Authors: Araujo Gabriell , Griebler Dalvan , Rockenbach Dinei A. , Danelutto Marco , Fernandes Luiz G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB) is a standard benchmark suite used in the evaluation of parallel hardware and software. Several research efforts from academia have made these benchmarks available with different parallel programming models beyond the original versions with OpenMP and MPI. This work joins these research efforts by providing a new CUDA implementation for NPB. Our contribution covers different aspects beyond the implementation. First, we define design principles based on the best programming practices for GPUs and apply them to each benchmark using CUDA. Second, we provide ease of use parametrization support for configuring the number of threads per block in our version. Third, we conduct a broad study on the impact of the number of threads per block in the benchmarks. Fourth, we propose and evaluate five strategies for helping to find a better number of threads per block configuration. The results have revealed relevant performance improvement solely by changing the number of threads per block, showing performance improvements from 8% up to 717% among the benchmarks. Fifth, we conduct a comparative analysis with the literature, evaluating performance, memory consumption, code refactoring required, and parallelism implementations. The performance results have shown up to 267% improvements over the best benchmarks versions available. We also observe the best and worst design choices, concerning code size and the performance trade‐off. Lastly, we highlight the challenges of implementing parallel CFD applications for GPUs and how the computations impact the GPU's behavior.
Influence of Seasonal Extreme Flows on Brook Trout Recruitment
Authors: Sweka John A. , Wagner Tyler 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPopulations of Brook TroutSalvelinus fontinalisexhibit large variation in annual recruitment (abundance of young of the year [age 0]), which is likely a product of density‐dependent and density‐independent factors. Quantifying the importance of each of these mechanisms in regulating Brook Trout recruitment would be valuable to managers that are responsible for the conservation of this iconic species throughout its native range. We analyzed a time series of age‐0 and adult Brook Trout density data collected from 10 streams in the Sinnemahoning Creek watershed, north‐central Pennsylvania (2010–2019), using Bayesian hierarchical modeling to partition the density‐dependent effects of adult density and the density‐independent effects of elevated streamflow on Brook Trout recruitment. Multiple models were examined, and the top‐ranked model showed that Brook Trout recruitment followed a Ricker stock–recruitment relationship, with annual recruitment negatively influenced by maximum streamflow during the spring season (March–April). This model will be useful in predicting future variation in Brook Trout recruitment under climate change scenarios in which the frequency and intensity of high‐flow events are expected to increase.
Seismic performance of suspended‐floor structures with viscous dampers considering acceptable interstory drift
Authors: Zeng Bin , Gao Jingwei , Qing Yuan , Wang Chun‐Lin , Sun Xun 
Published: November 2021

SummaryNumerical studies of suspended‐floor structures were conducted, and viscous dampers were applied to improve their seismic performances. The following issues were analyzed under 20 earthquake records: seismic responses of the primary structure and suspended floors, the distributions of the damping coefficientc0, and the interstory stiffness of the suspended floors. There was a significant reduction in the roof drift and the base shear force of the cores after replacing the steel bars with viscous dampers. The suspended‐floor structures with viscous dampers exhibited an optimalc0. The suspended‐floor structure with a triangular distribution ofc0showed a smaller seismic response than the one with a uniform distribution ofc0. Under the design‐based earthquake, there was complete damage of nonstructural components in they‐direction. Hence, applications of diagonal steel braces within the 1st to 10th floors were suggested to increase the lateral stiffness of the suspended floors in they‐direction. The application of diagonal steel braces reduced the story driftSdof the suspended floors, resulting in slight damage to nonstructural components under the design basis earthquake (DBE) hazard level. However, the roof floor, which contains electrical and mechanical components, exhibited an increase inSdafter the application of the diagonal steel braces. With increasing stiffness of the diagonal brace, the story drift profile of the suspended floors tended to be uniform, and the suspended‐floor structures with the uniform distribution ofc0exhibited seismic performances closer to those of the suspended‐floor structures with the triangular distribution ofc0.
Pre‐service teachers enactment of language‐ and literacy‐integrated science instruction in linguistically diverse science classrooms
Authors: Rutt Alexis A. , Mumba Frackson 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Next Generation Science Standards and increasing linguistic diversity of students in United States science classrooms require language‐focused science instruction for which many secondary science teachers are not prepared. To date, minimal research has addressed how to best support secondary science pre‐service teachers (PSTs) in teaching in linguistically diverse classrooms despite the fact that most PSTs will have the opportunity to teach emergent bilinguals (EBs) at some point in their careers. The purpose of this multiple case study was to determine at what level and in what ways three secondary science PSTs were able to integrate language and literacy into their science instruction following their participation in two language‐ and literacy‐integrated science methods courses. PSTs' instruction was analyzed using an observation rubric and supported by instructional materials, interviews, and reflections. Results indicated that, following the intervention, PSTs were able to enact most language‐ and literacy‐integrated science practices at the targeted level. However, the ways in which they did so varied and at times led to missed opportunities for EBs' participation in key scientific practices. Implications for teacher educators and researchers are addressed.
An oesophageal fistula associated with cervical osteomyelitis in a 17‐month‐old Holstein heifer
Authors: Guarnieri Eloi , Berman Julie , Babkine Marie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA 17‐month‐old Holstein heifer was presented to the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire in Saint‐Hyacinthe (QC, Canada) for abnormal regurgitation. Upon admission, pain was elicited upon mobilisation of the neck and a left‐sided, painless, fluctuating subcutaneous mass was detected in the area of the fifth and sixth cervical vertebrae. An oesophageal fistula with osteomyelitis of the corresponding vertebrae was diagnosed by medical imaging (endoscopy, ultrasound and radiography) and treated medically. No sequelae were reported in the long term. Considering the low prevalence of abnormal regurgitation in cattle, this paper provides the practitioner with an example of a diagnostic approach.
“Scaffolding” responses to digital forensic inquiries
Authors: Horsman Graeme 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs part of their role, digital forensic practitioners are often faced with case‐specific investigative inquiries which they must attempt to address and provide an appropriate answer to their client. Such investigative questions can take many forms wherein every instance, any response they offer must be reliable. To be reliable, any response to an inquiry must be derived from justifiable and robust processes and information, coined here as the underpinning “scaffolding.” This work offers a discussion of response scaffolding, what it is and why it is required in digital forensics with the three ways that this can be achieved outlined—via “past experience,” “targeted testing” or through reference to appropriate “existing bodies of knowledge.” Each one is examined in turn and their use is demonstrated via an overarching hypothetical example which is deployed and utilized throughout the analysis narrative for illustrative purposes.This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cybercrime Investigation
Electrochemical Synthesis of Graphene from Waste Discharged Battery Electrodes and Its Applications to Preparation of Graphene/Fe3O4/Chitosan‐Nanosorbent for Organic Dyes Removal
Authors: Tran Huyen Thi Thu , Hoang Ly Thanh , Tran Hoang Vinh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this work, graphene was synthesized from waste discharged battery electrodes using an electrochemical exfoliation method. The graphene product was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and adsorption activity. For application, as‐synthesized graphene was used for preparation of Fe3O4/graphene/chitosan (FGC) nanocomposite as a recyclable‐nanosorbent for removal of organic dyes including methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), brilliant blue FCF (E133), eriochorome black T (EBT) and thymol blue (ThB) from aqueous solution. The obtained results shown that the FGC adsorbent is more attractive to MB and EBT than other evaluated dyes. At optimized conditions, FGC can adsorb MB at maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 94.16 mg g−1 and the remaining adsorption efficiency for the 5th cycle was 74.81 % compared to that of the pristine FGC nanosorbent. Moreover, the FGC nanocomposite was also used to remove MB from real wastewater with high removal efficiency. This performance implies a high application potential of synthesized graphene from waste graphite for environmental treatments.
Cards and Roles: Co-designing Privacy Serious Games with an Online Role-Playing Boardgame
Authors: Jost Patrick , Künz Andreas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe increasing digitalisation of daily routines confronts people with frequent privacy decisions. However, obscure data processing often leads to tedious decision-making and results in unreflective choices that unduly compromise privacy. Serious Games could be applied to encourage teenagers and young adults to make more thoughtful privacy decisions. Creating a Serious Game (SG) that promotes privacy awareness while maintaining an engaging gameplay requires, however, a carefully balanced game concept. This study explores the benefits of an online role-playing boardgame as a co-designing activity for creating SGs about privacy. In a between-subjects trial, student groups and educator/researcher groups were taking the roles of player, teacher, researcher and designer to co-design a balanced privacy SG concept. Using predefined design proposal cards or creating their own, students and educators played the online boardgame during a video conference session to generate game ideas, resolve potential conflicts and balance the different SG aspects. The comparative results of the present study indicate that students and educators alike perceive support from role-playing when ideating and balancing SG concepts and are happy with their playfully co-designed game concepts. Implications for supporting SG design with role-playing in remote collaboration scenarios are conclusively synthesised.
An Authoring Tool to Engage Younger Audiences in the Development of Nature Preservation Games: The G4N Toolkit to Game Design
Authors: Beça Pedro , Aresta Mónica , Santos Rita , Veloso Ana Isabel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough research indicates that integrating students as active agents in the development of games encourages awareness and learning by doing and can be seen as a basis for the development of critical thinking skills, it also stresses that there are some obstacles in involving students to explore educational contents through digital game design. This paper introduces the Gamers4Nature toolkit to Game Design and its use by upper-secondary (N = 53) and undergraduate (N = 114) students along several game design sessions addressing an environmental preservation theme. As result of these sessions, 66 prototypes of digital games were produced. The toolkit was used through questionnaires applied by the end of the game design sessions. Results indicate that the Toolkit was a very useful resource in scaffolding the narrative construction process and that its resources are adequate to be used by for both upper-secondary and undergraduate students, and that it can be seen as a valuable resource to support educators and trainers in educational and serious game design activities.
Quantum Extremal Surfaces and the Holographic Entropy Cone
Authors: Akers Chris , Hernández-Cuenca Sergio , Rath Pratik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Quantum states with geometric duals are known to satisfy a stricter set of entropy inequalities than those obeyed by general quantum systems. The set of allowed entropies derived using the Ryu-Takayanagi (RT) formula defines the Holographic Entropy Cone (HEC). These inequalities are no longer satisfied once general quantum corrections are included by employing the Quantum Extremal Surface (QES) prescription. Nevertheless, the structure of the QES formula allows for a controlled study of how quantum contributions from bulk entropies interplay with HEC inequalities. In this paper, we initiate an exploration of this problem by relating bulk entropy constraints to boundary entropy inequalities. In particular, we show that requiring the bulk entropies to satisfy the HEC implies that the boundary entropies also satisfy the HEC. Further, we also show that requiring the bulk entropies to obey monogamy of mutual information (MMI) implies the boundary entropies also obey MMI.
N-spike string in AdS3 × S1 with mixed flux
Authors: Nayak Rashmi R. , Pandit Priyadarshini , Panigrahi Kamal L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sigma model in AdS3× S3 background supported by both NS-NS and R-R fluxes is one of the most distinguished integrable models. We study a class of classical string solutions for N-spike strings moving in AdS3× S1 with angular momentum J in S1 ⊂ S5 in the presence of mixed flux. We observe that the addition of angular momentum J or winding number m results in the spikes getting rounded off and not end in cusp. The presence of flux shows no alteration to the rounding-off nature of the spikes. We also consider the large N-limit of N-spike string in AdS3× S1 in the presence of flux and show that the so-called Energy-Spin dispersion relation is analogous to the solution we get for the periodic-spike in AdS3− pp-wave ×S1 background with flux.
Quantum error correction and holographic information from bilocal holography
Authors: de Mello Koch Robert , Gandote Eunice , Tahiridimbisoa Nirina Hasina , Van Zyl Hendrik J.R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bilocal holography is a constructive approach to the higher spin theory holographically dual to O(N ) vector models. In contrast to other approaches to bulk reconstruction, bilocal holography does not take input from the dual gravitational theory. The resulting map is a complete bulk/boundary mapping in that it maps the complete set of O(N ) invariant degrees of freedom in the CFT, to the complete set of higher spin degrees of freedom. After restricting to a suitable code subspace we demonstrate that bilocal holography naturally reproduces the quantum error correcting properties of holography and it gives a robust bulk (entanglement wedge) reconstruction. A gauge invariant entangled pair of CFT degrees of freedom are naturally smeared over a semicircle in the bulk spacetime, which is highly suggestive of bit threads. Finally, we argue that finite N relations in the CFT, when interpreted in the dual AdS spacetime, can provide relations between degrees of freedom located near the boundary and degrees of freedom deep in the bulk.
The impact of transverse Slavnov-Taylor identities on dynamical chiral symmetry breaking
Authors: Albino Luis , Bashir Adnan , El-Bennich Bruno , Rojas Eduardo , Serna Fernando E. , da Silveira Roberto Correa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe extend earlier studies of transverse Ward-Fradkin-Green-Takahashi identities in QED, their usefulness to constrain the transverse fermion-boson vertex and their importance for multiplicative renormalizability, to the equivalent gauge identities in QCD. To this end, we consider transverse Slavnov-Taylor identities that constrain the transverse quark-gluon vertex and derive its eight associated scalar form factors. The complete vertex can be expressed in terms of the quark’s mass and wave-renormalization functions, the ghost-dressing function, the quark-ghost scattering amplitude and a set of eight form factors. The latter parametrize the hitherto unknown nonlocal tensor structure in the transverse Slavnov-Taylor identity which arises from the Fourier transform of a four-point function involving a Wilson line in coordinate space. We determine the functional form of these eight form factors with the constraints provided by the Bashir-Bermudez vertex and study the effects of this novel vertex on the quark in the Dyson-Schwinger equation using lattice QCD input for the gluon and ghost propagators. We observe significant dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and a mass gap that leads to a constituent mass of the order of 500 MeV for the light quarks. The flavor dependence of the mass and wave-renormalization functions as well as their analytic behavior on the complex momentum plane is studied and as an application we calculate the quark condensate and the pion’s weak decay constant in the chiral limit. Both are in very good agreement with their reference values.