bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics of Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis and Distinguished Features from Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Single-Centre Experience in China
Authors: Zou Xiao-juan , Qiao Lin , Li Feng , Chen Hua , Yang Yun-jiao , Xu Dong , Zheng Wen-Jie , Wang Li , Wu Qing-jun , Zhang Feng-Chun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MRH). MethodsThe clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results and histologic characteristics of eleven patients with MRH were collected and compared with those of 33 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. ResultsIn total, 72.7% of the MRH patients were women. The median age was 46 years (range: 33-84 years). Diagnosed by specific pathologic features, all MRH patients exhibited cutaneous involvement. The dorsa of the hands, arms, face and auricle were the most commonly affected areas. Nodules were also located on the legs, scalp, trunk, neck, and even the hypoglossis and buccal mucosa. Ten MRH patients (90.9%) had symmetric polyarthritis. Compared with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, MRH patients were more likely to have distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) involvement (63.6% vs 24.2%, P=0.017) and less likely to have elbow (36.4% vs 72.7%, P=0.003), ankle (45.5% vs 93.9%, P<0.001) and metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) (36.4% vs 78.8%, P=0.009) involvement. The positivity for rheumatoid factor (RF) (36.4% vs 84.6%, P=0.001) and anti-CCP antibody (9.1% vs 81.8%, P=0.000), as well as the median RF titer [43.8 (31.7-61.0) vs 175.4 (21.3-940.3), P = 0.021], in MRH patients was lower than that in RA patients. Elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was also less common in MRH patients than in RA patients (36.4% vs 72.7%, P=0.030). After treatment with median- to large-dose corticosteroids and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, 8 patients achieved complete remission, and 2 patients achieved partial remission (skin lesions ameliorated, joint lesions not ameliorated). ConclusionAlways pathologically diagnosed, MRH is a systemic disease involving RA-like erosive polyarthritis and a specific distribution of skin nodules characterized by "coral beads". More DIP involvement and less elbow, ankle and MCP involvement are seen in MRH than in RA. In addition, less positive and lower-titer RF, uncommon presence of anti-CCP antibodies and ESR elevation may be helpful to distinguish MRH from RA.
Platelet Phagocytosis by Neutrophils, Platelets Lack of Granules and Giant Platelets Result in Pseudothrombocytopenia
Authors: Zhu Ya , Zhou Junyang , Sun Li , Guo Feibo , Ding Yan , Zhu Mingchao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP) is a condition in which the decreased platelet count does not agree with the clinical status of the patient, can lead to misdiagnose, unnecessary tests, unnecessary treatment. The present case describes a 73-year-old man suffered with pulmonary tuberculosis, treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, 2HRZE/4HR). One month later, the patient had a significant decrease in platelets (101 to 56 x109/L). Peripheral blood smear showed that 28% platelets were phagocytosis by neutrophils, 26% platelets were lack of granules and 6% platelets’ volume increased significantly. When the anticoagulant was changed from EDTA to sodium citrate, there was no change in the above phenomenon. By manual count, the value of platelets was 113 x 109/L. After the completion of anti-tuberculosis therapy, platelet morphology gradually returned to normal. HRZE treatment may cause platelet morphology abnormal, resulting in PTCP. In such cases, we should regularly review the peripheral blood smear to ensure the accuracy of the results and avoid unnecessary examination and treatment. The emergence of PTCP may does not mean the presence of specific disorders.
Discrimination of Heavy Metal Sources in the Sefidrud Delta Coastal Lagoons, Caspian Sea, N Iran: A Statistical Approach
Authors: Rafiei Behrouz , Ahmadi-Ghomi Fatemeh , Seif Asghar , Shakibaazad Ali , Shamshiri Sonia , Sharifi-Abzahli Zahra 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Amirkola (more than 500 years in age), Kiashahr and Zibakenar (a few decades in age) lagoons are located on the Sefidrud Delta, the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. Evaluating the pollution degree caused by heavy metals (including Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn and V), 106 sediment samples and three sediment cores were taken from studied lagoons. Three indices, including geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and pollution load index (PLI), were employed to determine the contamination degree in the lagoons. Based on contamination indices, the Kiashahr and Zibakenar lagoons show significant to moderate contamination with Co, Cu, Pb, Zn and V. Nonparametric statistical analysis (Two-step cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and T-test technique) was used to discriminate the pollution sources. Statistical methods indicated the unique interpretation of contaminants sources. There is a significant difference in metal concentrations between Amirkola and two younger lagoons. Despite the same geogenic origin of sediments in the Sefidrud Delta and lagoons deposits, Co, Zn, and Pb show anthropogenic sources in the newly-formed Kiashahr and Zibakenar lagoons.
Impact of Community Health Interventions on Maternal and Child Health Indicators in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Authors: Sakeah Evelyn , Bawah Ayaga A , Asuming Patrick , Debpuur Cornelius , Welaga Paul , Awine Timothy , Anyorikeya Maria , Kuwolamo Irene , OH Juhwan , Lee Hoon Sang , Lee Hwa-young , Lee Inseok , Kim Myeong Seon , Hong Seoyeon , Awoonor-Williams John Koku , Aboagye Patrick , Phillips James F , Oduro Abraham 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis paper reports on results of a health system strengthening programme implementation research in the Upper East region of northern Ghana where critical interventions to accelerate and strengthen the health delivery were implemented. Transformative interventions implemented included empowering community leaders and actors to actively participate in health delivery, strengthening the referral systems through the provision of community transport systems, provision of basic medical equipment to community clinics, and improving the skills of critical health staff training. MethodsA mixed method design was used to evaluate the impact of the interventions. A quantitative evaluation employed a flexible research design to test the effects of various component activities of the project. For these analyses a pre-and-post randomized cluster design was used. For the qualitative data focused group and individual indepth interviews were employed to gauge the views of different stakeholders associated with the implementation process. ResultsSignificant improvements in key maternal and child health indicators such as antenatal and postnatal care coverage (ANC and PNC) were observed. Similarly, there were significant increases in delivering of children in a health facilities and deliveries assisted by skilled health personnel after the intervention compared to before intervention situation in the region. There has also been increased uptake of women providing oral rehydration salts (ORS) for treatment of diarrhoea, as well as marked reductions in upper respiratory infections (URI). Conclusions Results from a pre-and post-evaluation impact assessment of interventions implemented in these health deprived parts of Ghana show that the programme had a strong positive impact on the functioning of Ghana’s health delivery system known as Community-based Health Planning and Services programme and induced visible changes in key indicators of health system performance.
Green Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles by Celery Leaf Extract Supported on Magnetic Carbon-Based Biochar Substrate, as a Green Catalyst for Reduction Reactions
Authors: Taheri Sahar , Heravi Majid M , Mohammadi Pourya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Green synthesis of a noble metal such as Ag nanoparticles is an enormously developed research area. In this study, biochar/Fe3O4-Ag magnetic nanocatalyst was produced via a green path by using Celery stalk as a carbon-based substrate, and Celery leaf extract as reducing and stabilizing agents to construct Ag nanoparticles. The synthesized nanocatalyst was determined using various techniques, such as UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM/EDX spectroscopy (scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer). To survey the catalytic action of the biochar/Fe3O4-Ag nanocatalyst, it was used in the reduction reaction of disparate nitroaromatics, aldehydes, and ketones. This catalyst has demonstrated premier characteristics in terms of the amount, reusability, recoverability, activity, and structural integrity of the catalyst during the reaction. In addition, biochar/Fe3O4-Ag could be detached magnetically and recycled multiple times without significantly reducing its catalytic performance.
Atmospheric chemosynthesis is phylogenetically and geographically widespread and contributes significantly to carbon fixation throughout cold deserts
Authors: Ray Angelique , Zaugg Julian , Benaud Nicole , Chelliah Devan , Bay Sean , Wong Hon Lun , Leung Pok Man , Ji Mukan , Terauds Aleks , Montgomery Kate , Greening Chris , Cowan Don , Kong Weidong , Williams Timothy , Hugenholtz Philip , Ferrari Belinda 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cold desert soil microbiomes thrive despite severe moisture and nutrient limitations. In Eastern Antarctic soils, hydrogen oxidising bacteria support primary production through a novel carbon fixation process reliant on the chemoautotrophy-associated RuBisCO form IE. Here, biochemical assays show that atmospheric chemosynthesis occurs globally for primary production, contributing significantly to autotrophic carbon fixation throughout arid to hyperarid deserts in Antarctica, the high Arctic, and the Tibetan Plateau. Taxonomic and functional analyses were performed on 230 dereplicated medium-to-high quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) derived from 18 cold desert metagenomes and an additional 24,080 publicly available genomes. We infer that atmospheric chemosynthetic bacteria are widespread across environmental and clinical samples, increasing our knowledge of the bacterial phyla genetically capable of atmospheric chemosynthesis to seven, with key enzymes co-occurring within MAGs from four previously unidentified phyla; Chloroflexota, Firmicutes, Deinococcota and Verrucomicrobiota. We informatically identify an additional group of high-affinity hydrogenases, group 1m [NiFe]-hydrogenase using phylogenetics, gene structure analysis and homology modelling and reveal substantial new genetic diversity within RuBisCO form IE (rbcL1E), and high-affinity groups 1h and 1l [NiFe]-hydrogenases. Finally, we conclude that atmospheric chemosynthesis is a global phenomenon, extending throughout and beyond cold deserts, with significant implications for the global carbon cycle and bacterial survival within environmental and clinical reservoirs.
Using Transgenic Mice to Explore the Effect of il-17rc Gene Knockout on Bone Metabolism
Authors: Yu Fan , Li Bo , Zhang Guoliang , Zhou Song 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate whether interleukin-17 receptor C (il-17rc) gene knockout leads to systemic osteoporosis in transgenic mice. MethodsThe immunohistochemistry and micro computed tomography (micro-CT) were used to analyze the condition of vertebral cancellous bone in 3-month healthy female wild-type C57BL/6 mice (control group) and il-17rc gene knockout C57BL/6 mice (experimental group). ResultsWild type C57BL/6 mice had higher bone density per unit volume (0.52 ± 0.12 vs. 0.47 ± 0.05, P = 0.028) (g/cm3), more trabecular connections (8.97 ± 1.46 vs. 5.59 ± 3.15, P = 0.017) (1/mm), thicker trabecular thickness (0.16 ± 0.08 vs. 0.10 ± 0.04, P = 0.029) (1/mm) and the number of trabeculae was more (5.01 ± 0.33 vs. 3.16 ± 0.37, P = 0.038) (1/mm) than mut-il-17rc mice. In addition, the results of micro-CT also showed that the osteoporosis of il-17rc gene knockout C57BL/6 mice was mainly manifested in T13 (P = 0.039), L1 (P = 0.035), L3 (P = 0.018), L5 (P = 0.021) and L6 (P = 0.036), but the mean bone mineral density between L2 (P = 0.317) and L4 (P = 0.242) was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion﻿IL-17/il-17rs signal axis is widely distributed in the animal skeletal system and is one of the important signal pathways regulating bone metabolism. Knockout of il-17rc gene can lead to the occurrence of osteoporosis in model animals.
Optimization of the Pulsed Arc Welding Parameters for Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing in Austenitic Steel Applications
Authors: Zavdoveev Anatoliy , Pozniakov Valeriy , Baudin Thierry , Kim Hyoung Seop , Klochkov Ilya , Motrunich Sviatoslav , Heaton Mark , Aquier Philippe , Rogante Massimo , Denisenko Anatoliy , Gajvoronskiy Alex , Skoryk Mykola 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Industrial development continues to present challenges for manufacturers. One of them is additive manufacturing (AM) with metallic materials. One promising solution is wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). Currently, WAAM is a more promising tool for developers, firstly due to the simplicity of its realization and secondly for its cost-effectiveness. Building materials are represented by welding wires, so the deposition rate is favorable. A pulse power source is commonly used in this scheme of realization. Much less attention has been paid to the optimization of the power source working regime, i.e., welding mode. Indeed, the power determines the whole process of WAAM. Therefore, in the present work, an attempt has been made to perform a scientifically based design for the optimal welding mode. The austenitic welding wire was chosen to eliminate phase-transition effects in the solid state of the deposited metal. As a result of the investigation, the advantages of the designed welding mode for WAAM application are made clear. Successful efforts have been made to optimize welding modes for WAAM applications. This study is important for manufacturers as well as engineers and scientists.
Rituximab-Drug Conjugate Incorporating Auristatin E via A Quaternary
Ammonium Linker Inducing Potent Antitumor Activity against Non-Hodgkin’s B-Cells
Authors: Hu Xin-Yue , Wang Lin-Lin , Sun Yue , Cui A-long 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Rituximab represents a drug used for standard Non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphoma
therapy; however, it displays limited clinical efficacy. Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is one of the potential
strategies to increase the antitumor activity of an antibody, with improved cytotoxicity directly
resulting from the delivery of a molecular warhead. Currently, the warhead monomethyl auristatin E
(MMAE) has been widely applied in the study of ADCs, conjugated to a carbamate-based linker (MCVC-
PABC). However, the hydrophobic drug-linker (MC-VC-PABC-MMAE) may lead to ADC aggregation,
ultimately resulting in decreased activity.

Objective:
In this study, we developed a hydrophilic drug-linker MC-VC-PABQ-AE linked to rituximab.
If the replacement of the tertiary amine in AE for a secondary amine in MMAE represents a characteristic
modification, the change of antitumor activity of two corresponding anti-CD20 ADC is unknown, requiring
further verification.

Method:
The structural elucidation of MC-VC-PAB-AE was displayed by high-resolution mass spectra.
The average drug antibody ratio (DAR) of rituximab-VC-AE/MMAE ADCs was performed by HICHPLC.
The cell cycle arrest analysis of two ADCs was detected by flow cytometry and the antitumor
activity of two ADCs was evaluated in vitro against Ramos and Daudi cells.

Results:
The average drug antibody ratio (DAR) of two ADCs was approximately 4.0. The activities of
rituximab-VC-AE could be increased in CD20 positive B-lymphoma cell lines, most notably due to the
higher cell viability inhibitory rates and apoptosis rates compared to rituximab-VC-MMAE.

Conclusions:
A hydrophilicity linker of ADC was developed and studied. Rituximab-VC-AE may potentially
be used against CD20-positive cells, and the therapeutic efficacy and safety bring about further
investigations.
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes: A Review on Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Makwana Manisha Vijay , Patel Ajay M 
Published: October 2021

:MWCNTs are elongated cylindrical nanoobjects made of sp2 carbon. They have a diameter of 3–30 nm and can grow to be several centimetres long. Therefore, their aspect ratio can range between 10 to 10 million. Carbon nanotubes are the foundation of nanotechnology. It is an exceptionally fascinating material. CNTs possess excellent properties, such as mechanical, electrical, thermal, high adsorption, outstanding stiffness, high strength and low density with a high aspect ratio. These properties can be useful in the fabrication of revolutionary smart nanomaterials. The demand for lighter and more robust nanomaterials in different applications of nanotechnology is increasing every day. Various synthesis techniques for the fabrication of MWCNTs, such as CVD, arc discharge, flame synthesis, laser ablation, and spray pyrolysis, are discussed in this review article, as are their recent applications in a variety of significant fields. The first section presents a brief introduction of CNTs, and then the descriptions of synthesis methods and various applications of MWCNTs in the fields of energy storage and conversion, biomedical, water treatment, drug delivery, biosensors, bucky papers and resonance-based biosensors are provided in the second section. Due to their improved electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, MWCNTs have been extensively used in the manufacturing and deployment of flexible sensors.
Tracking Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Tamsulosin Side Effects Among Older Men Using a Mobile App (PERSONAL): Feasibility and Usability Study
Authors: Lee Austin W , Kenfield Stacey A , Wang Elizabeth Y , Enriquez Anthony , Oni-Orisan Akinyemi , Steinman Michael A , Sim Ida , Breyer Benjamin N , Bauer Scott R 
Published: October 2021

Background
Continuous α1a-blockade is the first-line treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among older men with suspected benign prostatic hyperplasia. Variable efficacy and safety for individual men necessitate a more personalized, data-driven approach to prescribing and deprescribing tamsulosin for LUTS in older men.

Objective
We aim to evaluate the feasibility and usability of the PERSONAL (Placebo–Controlled, Randomized, Patient-Selected Outcomes, N-of-1 Trials) mobile app for tracking daily LUTS severity and medication side effects among older men receiving chronic tamsulosin therapy.

Methods
We recruited patients from the University of California, San Francisco health care system to participate in a 2-week pilot study. The primary objectives were to assess recruitment feasibility, study completion rates, frequency of symptom tracking, duration of tracking sessions, and app usability rankings measured using a follow-up survey. As secondary outcomes, we evaluated whether daily symptom tracking led to changes in LUTS severity, perceptions of tamsulosin, overall quality of life, medication adherence between baseline and follow-up surveys, and perceived app utility.

Results
We enrolled 19 men within 23 days, and 100% (19/19) of the participants completed the study. Each participant selected a unique combination of symptoms to track and recorded data in the PERSONAL app, with a median daily completion rate of 79% (11/14 days). The median duration of the app session was 44 (IQR 33) seconds. On a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), the participants reported that the PERSONAL app was easy to use (mean 4.3, SD 1.0), that others could learn to use it quickly (mean 4.2, SD 0.9), and that they felt confident using the app (mean 4.4, SD 0.8). LUTS severity, quality of life, and medication adherence remained unchanged after the 2-week study period. Fewer men were satisfied with tamsulosin after using the app (14/19, 74% vs 17/19, 89% at baseline), although the perceived benefit from tamsulosin remained unchanged (18/19, 95% at baseline and at follow-up). In total, 58% (11/19) of the participants agreed that the PERSONAL app could help people like them manage their urinary symptoms.

Conclusions
This pilot study demonstrated the high feasibility and usability of the PERSONAL mobile app to track patient-selected urinary symptoms and medication side effects among older men taking tamsulosin to manage LUTS. We observed that daily symptom monitoring had no adverse effects on the secondary outcomes. This proof-of-concept study establishes a framework for future mobile app studies, such as digital n-of-1 trials, to collect comprehensive individual-level data for personalized LUTS management in older men.
EFEITOS DA PROSÓDIA DE L2 NO ENSINO DE PRONÚNCIA E NA COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
Authors: Silva Jr Leônidas José da , Barbosa Plínio A. 
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os efeitos e a importância do ensino de pronúncia a partir da prosódia de L2 como elemento central do desenvolvimento de habilidades relacionadas à oralidade na tentativa de minimizar desvios de pronúncia e potencializar as trocas conversacionais na comunicação oral. Na Fundamentação teórica, nos embasamos em estudos como os de Celce-Murcia et al. (2010), Derwing e Munro (2015), Levis (2018) dentre outros, para elucidar a importância da prosódia no ensino de pronúncia e na comunicação oral em L2; Urbani (2012), Silva Jr. e Barbosa (2019, 2020) dentre outros, quando da escolha de técnicas e protocolo para extração de parâmetros acústicos duracionais e melódicos da pesquisa fonético-prosódica em L2. Na Metodologia, realizamos uma coleta de dados com falantes brasileiros de inglês/L2 e falantes americanos dos Estados Unidos de inglês/L1. Cada participante leu um texto do qual extraímos dez enunciados para análise. O tratamento acústico-prosódico foi realizado com base na duração de sílabas fonéticas (unidades VV) e com base na frequência fundamental; ambas normalizadas via Método Lobanov (z-score). Em seguida, realizamos a técnica estatística ANOVA para verificar o efeito dos grupos tanto na duração como na frequência fundamental. Os resultados apontam diferenças significativas entre os nativos e os brasileiros nos parâmetros aqui apresentados. Concluímos, ainda que de modo preliminar, que a utilização da prosódia de L2 é primordial na tentativa de potencializar o ensino de pronúncia e a comunicação oral do falante.