bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of 3-column Osteotomy at Growing Rod Graduation
Authors: Cayli Cem , Dursun Gokay , Cetik R. Mert , Ramazanov Rafik , Demirkiran H. Gokhan , Ayvaz Mehmet , Yazici Muharrem 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Several different strategies were described on how to graduate a patient when skeletal maturity is reached after growing rod treatment. A final instrumentation and fusion is commonly performed, but the stiffness of the spine after numerous lenghthenings can be a major problem. When correction is needed in a severe and rigid curve, 3-column osteotomies (3CO) can be used as a method of bringing the spine back to a well-balanced position. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of 3CO osteotomies at growing rod graduation.

Methods:
A retrospective search of the database was performed between 1996 and 2018. Inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of early-onset scoliosis, underwent 3CO at the final fusion procedure, and ≥1 year of follow-up. Indications for this osteotomy were: significant sagittal and/or coronal off-balance or severe crankshaft deformity or significant distal and/or proximal adding-on. Clinical, radiographic, and operative data were analyzed. Complications were classified according to the modified Clavien-Dindo-Sink system.

Results:
Eight patients were included in the study with a mean age of 13.5 at graduation (male/female: 2/6). The mean scoliosis angle significantly reduced from 65.6 to 39 degrees (P=0.012). Mean T1-T12 height increased from 19 to 20.5 (P=0.084) and T1-S1 from 29.6 to 31.6 (P=0.144). Five patients had a staged surgery. Average operative time was 338 minutes and blood loss was 1321 mL. Four grade 1, 1 grade 2, and 1 grade 3 complications occurred.

Conclusions:
This is the first case-series in the literature reporting on the use of 3CO at growing rod graduation. These procedures can be safely and effectively used to overcome significant multiplanar deformity and/or off-balance in the graduation of patients with early-onset scoliosis and significant correction can be achieved on these severe and rigid curves.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Testing Decision Level (DL) and Minimum Detectable Amount (MDA) for Hanford In Vivo Counting Systems
Authors: Rosenberg Brett L. , Lynch Timothy P. , Antonio Cheryl L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Testing the decision level (DL) and minimum detectable amount (MDA) of a radionuclide for a direct bioassay (in vivo) counting system is a requirement for in vivo monitoring programs across the DOE complex. Bottle manikin absorption (BOMAB) and torso phantoms are used in conjunction with point sources to facilitate the testing. This paper describes a method of testing the DL and MDA values of in vivo counting systems with equipment commonly used by in vivo programs. This method is cost effective and minimizes waste since the radiological sources used can have broad ranges for decay activities. The results from the testing indicated that the current DL and MDA values are valid for the equipment and methods used at the Hanford in vivo counting facility.
The prevention of gastric cancer by Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Argueta Erick A. , Moss Steven F. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose of review
Gastric cancer remains one of the most common causes of death globally. Increasing evidence suggests that many gastric cancer cases can be prevented by eradicating its most important etiological agent, Helicobacter pylori. Using the search terms ‘H. pylori’ and ‘gastric cancer’ we reviewed the scientific literature regarding the association between H. pylori and gastric cancer published from 1 January 2020 to 30 May 2021. We review the most important articles relevant to the clinical issues regarding H. pylori eradication for gastric cancer prevention.

Recent findings
In randomized trials, eradication of H. pylori is associated with an approximately 50% reduction in sporadic gastric cancer. A similar benefit was observed when screening first-degree relatives of gastric cancer cases, after resection of early gastric cancer to prevent metachronous neoplasia, and in population-based screen and treatment programs in areas of high H. pylori and gastric cancer prevalence. Even in relatively low gastric cancer countries such as the United States, gastric cancer may potentially be avoided by screening for H. pylori, especially among minority groups who are at greatest risk.

Summary
Gastric cancer is preventable, at least in part, by H. pylori eradication. Ongoing screening trials will help determine whether population-based H. pylori screening programs are feasible and cost-effective. Their results are likely to differ according to H. pylori and gastric cancer prevalence rates.
Craniosynostosis With Preoperative Iron Supplementation Exposure: A Retrospective Cohort Study Examining Preoperative Iron Supplementation and Transfusion Practice in a National Paediatric Craniofacial Centre
Authors: O’Brien Eavan , Bracken Shirley , Yap Kee Yang Brendan , Hunter Kim , Kirby Fidelma , Murray Dylan J. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Blood loss and subsequent transfusion are key concerns in the surgical management of craniosynostosis, and have been associated with increased morbidity, requirement for intensive care admission and increased length of hospital stay. Patient blood management guidelines advocate treatment of anemia before elective surgical procedures where significant blood loss is anticipated. At present there is little evidence in the literature investigating the clinical value of this practice in pediatric craniofacial surgery.

Aims:
The authors examined the effect of preoperative oral iron supplementation on blood loss and transfusion rates in a national pediatric craniofacial unit.

Methods:
A total of 157 patients were included in a retrospective and prospective observational cohort study conducted between July 2011 and November 2016. Eighty-five (85) patients included in the preoperative iron supplementation group were prescribed oral ferrous fumarate before total cranial vault reconstruction, frontal-orbital advancement or extended strip cranial vault remodeling procedures. This cohort was retrospectively compared to seventy-two (72) consecutive patients who did not receive iron supplementation.

Results:
Calculated blood loss was 51.3 mL/kg in the intervention group, and 56.65 mL/kg in the control group. Transfusion rate and mean volumes for the intervention group were 85.9% and 25 mL/kg. The control group had transfusion rate of 86.1% with mean transfused volume of 24.7 mL/kg. These differences were not statistically significant. Intraoperative tranexamic acid was associated with significantly reduced transfusion volumes overall.

Conclusions:
This study did not show a statistically significant benefit to preoperative iron supplementation. Secondary outcomes of this study showed a statistically significant difference in estimated versus calculated intraoperative blood loss. Further research in to specific iron supplementation protocols is indicated.
Guided Axon Outgrowth of Neurons by Real-Time Femtosecond Laser Penetration on a 4 μm Thick Thin-Glass Sheet
Authors: Anggraini Dian , Liu Xun , Okano Kazunori , Tanaka Yo , Inagaki Naoyuki , Li Ming , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Yamada Sohei , Yalikun Yaxiaer 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTransplantation of scaffold-embedded guided neurons has been reported to increase neuronal regeneration following brain injury. However, precise axonal integration between host and transplant neurons to form functional synapses remains a major problem. This study aims to develop a real-time femtosecond (fs) laser penetration on a 4 μm thick thin-glass sheet to promote guided axon outgrowth influenced by molecular gradients in a microfluidic device. The device enables the introduction of the guidance molecule (i.e., netrin-1), neuronal culture, and manipulation by fs laser. After fabricating multiple micro-holes on the thin-glass sheet using fs laser, netrin-1 gradients with radial concentrations are generated in the chamber, affecting axon outgrowth and guidance. A majority of axons (~92%) experiences guided outgrowth with positive angular changes towards netrin-1 gradients. These results demonstrate the capability of the precise and real-time manipulation system based on a fs laser and a microfluidic device to control the growth of neurons.
Protein-based RBD-C-tag COVID-19 Vaccination Candidate Elicits Protection Activity against SARS-COV-2 Variant Infection
Authors: Subramani Jaganathan , Shaabani Namir , Shetty Dhwani , Wu Haiwa , Kwon Sunkuk , Li Wenzhao , Yue Chanyu , Lahtz Christoph , Ramirez-Torres Adela , Zhou Heyue , Zhang Yanliang , Allen Robert , Farley Bill , Emalfarb Mark , Tchelet Ronen , Markku Soloheimo , Marika Vitikainen , Wiebe Marilyn , Huuskonen Anne , Ben-artzi Hannah , Avigdor Avi , Ji Henry , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe identification of a vaccination candidate against COVID-19 providing protecting activity against emerging SARS-COV-2 variants remains challenging. Here, we report protection activity against a spectrum of SARS-COV-2 and variants by immunization with protein-based recombinant RBD-C-tag administered with aluminum-phosphate adjuvant intramuscularly. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with RBD-C-tag resulted in the in vivo production of IgG antibodies recognizing the immune-critical spike protein of the SARS-COV-2 virus as well as the SARS-COV-2 variants alpha (“United Kingdom”), beta (“South Africa”), gamma (“Brazil/Japan”), and delta (“India”) as well as wt-spike protein. RBD-C-tag immunization led to a desired Th1 polarization of CD4 T cells producing IFNγ. Importantly, RBD-C-tag immunization educated IgG production delivers antibodies that exert neutralizing activity against the highly transmissible SARS-COV-2 virus strains “Washington”, “South Africa” (beta), and “India” (delta) as determined by conservative infection protection experiments in vitro. Hence, the protein-based recombinant RBD-C-tag is considered a promising vaccination candidate against COVID-19 and a broad range of emerging SARS-COV-2 virus variants.
AllerStat: Finding Statistically Significant Allergen-Specific Patterns in Protein Sequences by Machine Learning
Authors: Goto Kento , Tamehiro Norimasa , Yoshida Takumi , Hanada Hiroyuki , Sakuma Takuto , Adachi Reiko , Kondo Kazunari , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: August 2021

Cutting-edge technologies such as genome editing and synthetic biology allow us to produce novel foods and functional proteins. However, their toxicity and allergenicity must be accurately evaluated. Allergic reactions are caused by specific amino-acid sequences in proteins (Allergen Specific Patterns, ASPs), of which, many remain undiscovered. In this study, we introduce a data-driven approach and a machine-learning (ML) method to find undiscovered ASPs. The proposed method enables an exhaustive search for amino-acid sub-sequences whose frequencies are statistically significantly higher in allergenic proteins. As a proof-of-concept (PoC), we created a database containing 21,154 proteins of which the presence or absence allergic reactions are already known, and the proposed method was applied to the database. The detected ASPs in the PoC study were consistent with known biological findings, and the allergenicity prediction accuracy using the detected ASPs was higher than extant approaches.TeaserWe propose a computational method for finding statistically significant allergen-specific amino-acid sequences in proteins.
Rice LEAFY COTYLEDON1 hinders photosynthesis in the embryo development to promote seed dormancy
Authors: Guo Fu , Zhang Peijing , Wu Yan , Lian Guiwei , Liu Wu , Buerte B , Zhou Chun , Han Ning , Zhu Muyuan , Xu Lin , Chen Ming , Bian Hongwu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) is the central regulator of seed development. During seed development, rice embryo photosynthesis is completely blocked, which is different from Arabidopsis green embryo. However, effects of LEC1 on photosynthesis in developing seeds is largely elusive. We generated OsLEC1 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Oslec1 mutant seeds lost the ability of dormancy and triggered photosynthesis in embryos at the early developing stage. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that Oslec1 mutation promoted photosynthesis and altered diverse hormonal pathways and stress response contributing to seed dormancy. Further, genome-wide identification of OsLEC1 binding sites demonstrated that OsLEC1 directly bound to genes involved in photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis, as well as abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) pathways, in seed maturation. We illustrated an OsLEC1-controlling gene network during seed development, including the interconnection between photosynthesis and ABA/GA biosynthesis/signalling. Our findings suggested that OsLEC1 is an inhibitor of photosynthesis during embryo development to promote rice seed maturation. This study would provide new understanding for the OsLEC1 regulatory mechanisms on photosynthesis in the monocot seed development.
CytoPro: A computational platform for accurate and robust assessment of cell contributions in bulk expression from diverse tissues and conditions
Authors: Katz Adir , Gaujoux Renaud , Orly Hadas , Starosvetsky Elina , Rozov Roye , Rabinovitch Yoni , Halberstadt Benny , Bar Liron , Spector Yael , Wald Naama , Rubin Chanan , Benita Yair , Gerassy-Vainberg Shiran , Shen-Orr Shai S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCells are the quanta unit of biology and their relative composition in a tissue is the prime driver of bulk tissue gene expression variation. When there is no cell information, deconvolution is an effective tool to achieve cell resolution, which provides important information for learning disease complexity and its interactions with treatments, drugs and/or the environment in a wide variety of contexts. Here we present CytoPro, a production-level tissue and condition-specific deconvolution platform, based on a large collection of human tissue-specific signatures derived from single and sorted cells. CytoPro infer per-sample multiple cell-type composition, given input bulk gene expression. CytoPro includes a rigorous QC pipeline for learning, generating and selecting signatures and performs internal automated validation using multiple QC test criteria including: Comparison to ground truth cytometry and pure sorted cells data, performance evaluation using simulated data including robustness to noise as well as agreement with biological expectations in validation datasets regarding genes and cells. We demonstrate that CytoPro outperforms existing deconvolution tools, in both accuracy and robustness. By exploring multiple datasets with predefined disease phenotypes, and analyzing a use-case of biological treatment response, we show the ability of CytoPro to flush out relevant cell biology in real pathological conditions.
Understanding the acceptance of the Internet of Things: an integrative theoretical approach
Authors: Kim Ki Joon , Wang Sai 
Published: August 2021

PurposeGuided by the frameworks of the technology acceptance model, uses and gratifications theory and the information systems success model, this study develops and validates an adoption model for the Internet of Things (IoT).Design/methodology/approachThe measurement and research models are statistically validated via a confirmatory factor analysis and a structural equation modeling analysis of data collected from 262 IoT users.FindingsThe results indicate that the IoT is expected to deliver accurate and up-to-date information via an accessible and reliable system to enhance its usefulness and ease of use, which leads to greater adoption. The results further reveal that sufficient knowledge and adequate understanding of the IoT outweigh technology discomfort, which, in turn, have a positive effect on individuals' motivation to use the IoT.Originality/valueThis study distills a rich set of antecedents to build a comprehensive theory of IoT acceptance and sheds light on the adoption of future pervasive information and communications technologies.
The effects of consumer consciousness, food safety concern and healthy lifestyle on attitudes toward eating “green”
Authors: Tan Booi Chen , Lau Teck Chai , Sarwar Abdullah , Khan Nasreen 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose a research framework to examine the effects of consumer consciousness, food safety concern and healthy lifestyle on the attitudes toward eating “green” simultaneously in a single study. Besides, the mediating role of healthy lifestyle in forming a positive attitude toward eating “green” is also examined in this study.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire-based approach was applied in this study. The unit of analysis was individual consumer (aged 18 years and above) who lived in Klang Valley, Malaysia. PLS-SEM was used to test the structural relationship of the constructs in the model based on the 300 useable data collected.FindingsThe results indicated that health consciousness, food safety concern and healthy lifestyle have a significant effect on attitudes toward eating “green”, whereas environmental and price consciousness did not have such effect. A healthy lifestyle also mediates the relationship between health consciousness and attitude toward eating “green”. An individual’s healthy lifestyle that focused on physical health-related activities will increase the effect of consumer health consciousness on their attitudes toward eating “green”.Practical implicationsThe outcome of this study provided deeper insights for firms to assess the feasibility of entering or expanding their operations in the green market with more enduring and effective sales and marketing strategies.Originality/valueConsumers’ acceptance of or resistance toward organic food had become the centre of the research focus by the academician and the industrial practitioners over the years, despite the inconsistencies of the results obtained to predict such behavior. In this study, besides examining the direct effect of the proposed variables on the attitudes toward eating “green”, the mediating role of a healthy lifestyle in forming such attitudes was also examined.
The inverted curvilinear effects of business relationships on institutional success: the moderating role of global role complexity
Authors: Sharma Revti Raman , Raskovic Matevz (Matt) , Singh Balwinder 
Published: August 2021

PurposeContrary to the widely held belief in the linear positive effects of business relationships (BRELs) on performance outcomes, the authors posit that the quality of a manager's BRELs with a foreign business partner has an inverted curvilinear effect on managing challenges arising out of institutional differences between two countries, which the authors define as institutional success. The authors further propose that managers' global role complexity (GRC) negatively impacts institutional success and dampens the inverted curvilinear effects of BRELs on institutional success.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed model is tested using questionnaire survey data from 186 senior Indian managers doing business with New Zealand.FindingsThe authors find significant support for the inverted curvilinear effects of BRELs and the negative effects of GRC on institutional success. They did not find significant results for the moderating role of GRC on the inverted curvilinear relationship between BRELs and institutional success. However, significant linear interactive effects of GRC and BREL are evident.Practical implicationsThe key managerial implication is that managers should focus on building BRELs of appropriate quality with their overseas counterparts to keep producing relational rents. They should, however, also be sensitive to when such relational rents start to be eroded by internal and external factors and treat them as a dynamic equilibrium rather than a static one.Originality/valueThe study findings challenge the assumption of linear positive effects of BRELs within the relational view. They highlight the significance of BRELs, even for emerging economy managers doing business in advanced economies.
Ethical education and its impact on the perceived development of social entrepreneurship competency
Authors: Vázquez-Parra José Carlos , García-González Abel , Ramírez-Montoya María Soledad 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to discuss the importance of multidisciplinary training in the perceived development of social entrepreneurship competence. By means of a sample of an ethics class, this study seeks to argue the relevance of new social entrepreneurs having a broad training, beyond the knowledge they receive from the business area.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a quantitative analysis methodology. Based on the application of a validated questionnaire measuring the perceived development of social entrepreneurship competence, a longitudinal measurement was carried out at two points in time, at the beginning and at the end of an ethics course, in a sample population of 132 undergraduate students. Based on these results, a multifactorial diagnosis was made using a Z-test.FindingsOverall, the sample results did not show a significant improvement in their level of perception of students' development of the social entrepreneurship competence. However, the individual results of the perceived development of sub-competences that make up this competence did reflect some development, especially the sub-competence of social innovation. Thus, this study demonstrates that there is a measurable impact of the contribution of other disciplines, in this case the ethical education, in the training of new entrepreneurs, arguing the importance of multidisciplinary training.Practical implicationsThe results of this study contribute to the work of universities in developing social entrepreneurship competence. Based on its findings, institutions will be able to recognize the relevance of multidisciplinary training in the generation of new social entrepreneurs, valuing other disciplinary areas, such as humanities and social sciences, beyond training based exclusively on business knowledge. A key point to capitalize on in training practices for social entrepreneurship is “social innovation”, due to the sense of transcendence and impact that universities should seek, precisely because of their social responsibility to create value.Originality/valueThis research provides empirical evidence of the impact of ethics education on social entrepreneurship education. It argues the importance of reflecting on multidisciplinary education as a complementary element in the perceived development of social entrepreneurship competence in students.