bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Analysis of Fis in Aeromonas Veronii TH0426 Reveals a Key Role in the Regulation of Virulence and Adhesion
Authors: Li Xintong , Song Haichao , Wang Jinglin , Zhang Dongxing , Shan Xiaofeng , Yang Bintong , Kang Yuanhuan , Qian Aidong , Zhang Lei , Sun Wuwen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Aeromonas veronii is a comorbid pathogen that can infect humans, animals, and various aquatic animals. In recent years, an increasing number of cases of A. veronii infection have been reported, and its virulence and drug resistance have also been increasing gradually, indicating serious risks. This bacterium not only threatens public health and safety but also causes considerable economic loss in the aquaculture industry; however, little is known about its pathogenic mechanism.Results: In this study, we first constructed the A. veronii TH0426 Fis gene deletion strain ΔFis and the complementation strain C-Fis through homologous recombination technology. The results showed that the adhesion and invasion ability of the ΔFis deletion strain towards Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells and the cytotoxicity were 3.8-fold and 1.3-fold lower, respectively, than those of the wild-type strain. The animal pathogenicity of ΔFis was 2.9-fold lower than that of the wild-type strain. In addition, the bacterial load of the deletion strain ∆Fis in crucian carp was significantly lower than that of the wild-type strain, and the load decreased with time. In summary, deletion of the Fis gene led to a decrease in the virulence of A. veronii.Conclusions: Our research results show that the deletion of the Fis gene significantly reduces the virulence and adhesion ability of A. veronii TH0426. Therefore, the Fis gene plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of TH0426. This preliminary study of the function of the Fis gene in A. veronii will help researchers further understand the pathogenic mechanism of A. veronii.
Evaluation of a Genus Specific rGroEL 1-524 IgM-ELISA and Commercially ELISA Kits During Course of Leptospirosis in Thailand
Authors: Maneewatchararangsri Santi , Doungchawee Galayanee , Kalambaheti Thareerat , Luvira Viravarn , Soonthornworasiri Ngamphol , Vattanatham Pisut , Chaisri Urai , Adisakwattana Poom 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work, we developed a genus-specific rGroEL1-524 IgM-ELISA assay for using as screening diagnosis of suspected leptospirosis among acute undifferentiated febrile illness patients during acute fever. Ddiagnostic accuracies of rGroEL1–524 IgM-ELISA, and commercial Panbio IgM-ELISA, and Virion-Serion Classic IgG-ELISA were evaluated with Thai 107 leptospirosis sera, and 189 controls, compared to reference culture and/or MAT methods. Sensitivities were 91.7%, 59.6%, and 17.7% for acute- infection, and were 97.1%, 54.8%, and 9.7% for early detection at 1-3 days post-onset of symptoms (DPO1-3), and the specificities were 87.5%, 86.6%, and 74.8% among controls, respectively. The rGroEL1-524 IgM-ELISA had high sensitivity, at 95.9% and 91.2% among culture and MAT negative cases. Impaired specificity on scrub typhus, possibly from antibody-cross reaction to ortholog GroEL. Commercial Panbio IgM-ELISA had sensitivities of 50%, 63.2%, and 89.9% compared with culture, MAT-negative and single MAT-positive cases whereas Virion-Serion IgG-ELISA provided sensitivities of 13.3%, 10.5% and 71.4%, respectively. A rGroEL1-524 IgM-ELISA could be useful as a screening test for early diagnosis. The performance of the commercial ELISA suggests the applicability of IgM-ELISA for diagnosis, while IgG-ELISA is useful for seroprevalence surveys. However, confirmation by reference tests is recommended.
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Published in Indexed Portuguese Medical Journals: Time Trends and Critical Appraisal.
Authors: Prada Luísa , Prada Ana , Antunes Miguel , Fernandes Ricardo , Costa João , Ferreira Joaquim F. , Caldeira Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction:Over the last years, the number of systematic reviews published is steadily increasing due to the global interest in this type of evidence synthesis. However, little is known about the characteristics of this research published in Portuguese medical journals. This study aims to evaluate the publication trends and overall quality of these systematic reviews.Material and Methods:Systematic reviews were identified through an electronic search up to August 2020, targeting Portuguese Medical journals indexed in MEDLINE. Systematic reviews selection and data extraction were done independently by three authors. The overall quality critical appraisal using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR II) was independently assessed by three authors. Disagreements were solved by consensus.Results:Seventy systematic reviews published in 5 Portuguese medical journals were included. Most (n=57; 81,4%) were systematic reviews without meta-analysis. Until 2010, the number of systematic reviews per year increased. Since then, the number of reviews published has not remained stable and no less than 3 SRs were published per year. According to the systematic reviews’ typology, most have been predominantly conducted to assess the effectiveness of health interventions (n=28; 40,0%). General and Internal Medicine (n=26; 37,1%) was the most addressed field. Most systematic reviews (n=45; 64,3%) were rated as being of “critically low-quality”.Conclusions:There were consistent flaws in the methodological quality report of the systematic reviews included, particularly in establishing a prior protocol and not assessing the potential impact of the risk of bias on the results.Through the years, the number of systematic reviews published increased, yet their quality is suboptimal. There is a need to improve the reporting of systematic reviews in Portuguese medical journals, which can be achieved by better adherence to quality checklists/tools.Systematic review registration: INPLASY202090105
Significance of Imaging and Clinical Features in Pulmonary Lymphoma Diagnosed by Bronchoscopy
Authors: Wang Shao-Ting 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary lymphoma is rare while the radiographic lesions are nonspecific. The use of bronchoscopy, the first-line procedure, is controversial, and may be of limited diagnostic value for pulmonary lymphoma diagnosis. Methods: Cases of pulmonary lymphoma diagnosed by bronchoscopy were retrospectively reviewed from January 2010 till December 2020. Clinico-radiological records of these cases were retrieved and bronchoscopy was performed with histopathological evaluation of the biopsy specimens. Results: Of the 41 cases included in our study, 20 were primary pulmonary lymphoma. The majority of subtypes were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(43.9%) and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma(29.3%), with high percentage of underlying chronic disease. The common Computed Tomography(CT) abnormalities were mass(43.9%), consolidation(24.4%) or ground-glass opacities(24.4%). To evaluate the pulmonary lesions distribution, 41.5% patients had segmental lesions, 29.3% presences of diffuse lesions, 17.1% of local lesions and 12.2% of hilar lesions, with the maximal value of standard uptake value (SUVmax) median value of 9.6. At bronchoscopy, 41.5% lesions were identified as focal solitary mass, 22% were normal, 17.1% were mucosae asperity or edema, 9.8% were diffuse airway submucosal nodules or thickening and 9.8% were bronchiole stenosis, while certain endobronchial patterns may correspond to specific imaging features. Conclusions: Pulmonary lymphoma sometimes creates significant diagnostic dilemma for the clinicians, while the imaging features and endobronchial patterns are characteristic. Bronchoscopy is still a useful tool, that is minimally invasive, to diagnose pulmonary lymphoma, while accurate analysis of the clinico-radiological records is essential before such procedure.
Large-Scale Functional Brain Networks of Maladaptive Childhood Aggression Identified by Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling
Authors: Ibrahim Karim , Noble Stephanie , He George , Lacadie Cheryl , Crowley Michael , McCarthy Gregory , Scheinost Dustin , Sukhodolsky Denis 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Disruptions in frontoparietal networks supporting emotion regulation have been long implicated in maladaptive childhood aggression. However, the association of connectivity between large-scale functional networks in the human connectome with aggressive behavior has not been tested. By using a data-driven, machine learning approach, we show that the functional organization of the connectome during emotion processing predicts severity of aggression in children (n=129). Connectivity predictive of aggression was identified within and between large-scale networks implicated in cognitive control (frontoparietal), social functioning (default mode), and emotion processing (subcortical). Out-of-sample replication and generalization of findings predicting aggression from the functional connectome was conducted in an independent sample of children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n=1,791; n=1,701). These results define novel connectivity-based networks of child aggression that can serve as biomarkers to inform targeted treatments for aggression.
Caspofungin suppresses brain cell necroptosis in the ischemic stroke rat via up-regulation of Pellino3
Authors: Zhang Yi-Yue , Tian Jing , Peng Zi-Mei , Peng Ya-Wei , Zhang Xiao-Jie , Hu Zhong-Yang , Luo Xiu-Ju , Peng Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Pellino3, an ubiquitin E3 ligase, prevents the formation of the death-induced signaling complex in response to TNF-α via targeting receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), and bioinformatics analysis predicts the interaction between Pellino3 and caspofungin, a common antifungal drug used in clinic. This study aims to explore the effect of caspofungin on brain injury in ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods

The SD rat brains (or nerve cells) were subjected to 2h-ischemia (or 8h-hypoxia) plus 24h-reperfusion (or 24h-reoxygenation) to establish the I/R (or H/R) injury model. The cerebral injury was assessed by the methods of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. The correlations among caspofungin, Pellino3 and necroptosis in I/R-treated brain or H/R-treated nerve cells were evaluated by biochemistry, molecular and gene overexpression assays.
Results

The I/R-treated brain showed the injuries (increase in neurological deficit score and infarct volume), downregulation of Pellino3, decreased ubiquitination of RIPK1 and up-regulation of necroptosis-associated proteins [RIPK1, RIPK3, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), p-RIPK1, p-RIPK3 and p-MLKL]. Caspofungin treatment improved neurological function, reduced infarct volume, up-regulated Pellino3, increased RIPK1 ubiquitination and down-regulated levels of RIPK1, p-RIPK1, p-RIPK3 and p-MLKL. In PC12 cells, H/R treatment caused cellular injury (LDH release and necroptosis), downregulation of Pellino3, decreased ubiquitination of RIPK1 and up-regulation of necroptosis-associated proteins, these phenomena were reversed by overexpression of Pellino3.
Conclusion

Pellino3 has an important role in counteracting necroptosis via ubiquitination of RIPK1 and caspofungin can suppress the brain cell necroptosis in ischemic stroke via upregulation of Pellino3.
Development and Validation of the Autistic Depression Assessment Tool – Adult (ADAT-A) in Autistic Adults.
Authors: Cassidy Sarah , Bradley Louise , Cogger-Ward Heather , Graham Jessica , Rodgers Jacqui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDepression can be hard to accurately identify in autistic adults due to overlapping characteristics of autism and depression, and depression tools developed for the general population not including unique signs of depression experienced by autistic people. MethodsThree focus groups and 15 cognitive interviews with autistic adults identified response difficulties and missing autism specific items in a widely used depression assessment tool developed for the general population (PHQ-9). Feedback informed new items in the Autistic Depression Assessment Tool (ADAT-A). A further 9 cognitive interviews and two large online surveys with autistic adults refined the ADAT-A items. Subsequently, 236 autistic adults (87 male, 113 female, 33 non-binary, 18-61 years) completed the ADAT-A online, alongside self-report measures of camouflaging autistic traits (CAT-Q), Intolerance of Uncertainty (IUS-12), Suicidality (SBQ-ASC), Defeat and Entrapment (DES). Analyses explored structural validity, internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity of the ADAT-A in a community sample of autistic adults.ResultsExploratory factor analysis of the ADAT-A showed evidence in support of a three-factor solution, capturing cognitive-affective and somatic depression symptoms, and autistic specific depression symptoms. Internal consistency of each subscale and total scores were excellent (.87 - .94). The ADAT-A was significantly correlated with related constructs including self-reported suicidality, defeat and entrapment (rs>.49). The ADAT-A total score and subscales were significantly more strongly correlated with hypothesised proximally related compared to distally related constructs.LimitationsThe samples involved in the development and validation of the ADAT-A were largely female, and largely diagnosed as autistic in adulthood, which is not representative of the wider autistic population. The ADAT-A has initially been developed and validated for research purposes, and has not been validated for use in clinical contexts to screen for possible depression diagnosis.ConclusionsThe ADAT-A is a self-report autism specific depression assessment tool, developed and validated with and for autistic adults, without co-occurring intellectual disability. There is promising initial evidence in support of the measurement properties of this tool for use in research. Future research must explore whether the ADAT-A is useful in better identifying depression in autistic people in clinical settings, compared to other tools developed for the general population.
First Hemispheric Report of Invasive Tick Species Haemaphysalis Punctata Canestrini Et Fanzago, 1878, First State Report of Haemaphysalis Longicornis Neumann, and Range Expansion of Native Tick Species in Rhode Island, USA
Authors: Tufts Danielle M , Diuk-Wasser Maria A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Invasive arthropod vectors and the range expansions of native vectors can lead to public and veterinary health concerns, as these vectors may introduce novel pathogens or spread endemic pathogens to new locations. Recent tick invasions and range expansion in the United States has been attributed to climate and land use change, an increase in global travel, and importations of exotic animals. A 10 year surveillance study was conducted on Block Island, Rhode Island from 2010–2020 including sampling ticks from small mammal and avian hosts. We report the discovery and establishment of the red sheep tick for the first time in the western hemisphere and in the United States. This invasive species was first collected in 2010 on Block Island, was collected continuously throughout the study, and was collected from an avian host. We document the first report of the invasive Asian longhorned tick in the state of Rhode Island, first observed at our sites in 2018. Finally, we present data on the range expansion and establishment of two native tick species, the lone star tick and the rabbit tick on Block Island. This study emphasized the importance of long-term surveillance to detect changes in tick host communities, including invasive and expanding native vectors of potential significance to humans and wildlife.
Modest therapeutic effects of low-frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on insomnia among older adults: A 4-week multi-center, randomized controlled study
Authors: Lee Hyuk joo , Hong Jung Kyung , Choi Hayun , Chung Seockhoon , Yoon In-Young 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A 4-week, multi-center, randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of low-frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (LF-TENS) for insomnia disorder. A total of 160 individuals aged 40 to 80 years with insomnia disorder were included and randomized to the experimental group receiving active device (n = 81) or control group receiving sham device (n = 79). Both groups used the device for four weeks, more than five days a week. The participants also completed pre- and post-intervention assessment with questionnaires, sleep diaries, wrist actigraphy, and blood tests. We found a significant improvement of subjective sleep quality, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and blood cortisol level in both experimental and control groups. Notably, among patients aged over 60 years, the experimental group showed better improvement after intervention in the change of PSQI score (2.60 ± 0.46 vs. 1.22 ± 0.46, p = 0.039; Cohen’s d = 0.99 vs 0.45) and blood cortisol level (-1.97 ± 0.53 µg/dl vs. -0.16 ± 0.53 µg/dl, p = 0.007; Cohen’s d = 0.56 vs 0.05). We found that LF-TENS was effective in improving subjective sleep quality in older adults aged over 60 years. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis might be related to the therapeutic mechanism.
Oyster Mushroom and its value added products
Authors: Kotasthane Tanmay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cultivation of mushroom is biotechnological process.Two oyster mushroom studied for its consumption and value added products.Pleurotus sajor caju is good in taste and favorite among people as a food.Soup powder made from Pleurotus sajor caju and other ingredients has good flavor and taste.Tomato-mushroom ketchup made from Pleurotus ostreatus and other ingredients has good aroma and taste.Dried oyster mushrooms can be stored for longer period and used in preparation of curries.Oyster mushroom are rich source of proteins, vitamins and minerals.Oyster mushroom cultivation has short duration than other mushroom which makes its good alternative as a food.
Impact of COVID-19 policy measures on food insecurity among urban residents in Blantyre City, Malawi
Authors: Dzimbiri Mastano Nambiro Woleson , Chilanga Emmanuel , Mwanjawala Patrick , Munthali George N. Chidimbah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Malawi, a vulnerable country in Sub Saharan Africa is at the helm of experiencing food insecure amidst COVID-19 as the vast majority survives on the hand-to-mouth economy. However, knowledge about how COVID-19 policy measures leads to food insecurity among the urban residents in Malawi is limited or scanty. Understanding this link is crucial for designing the interventions that can help reduce the risk of being food insecure while containing further spread of the virus. Our study explores the nexus between COVID-19 policy measures and food insecurity as experienced by Blantyre residents in Malawi. We interviewed fifteen participants composed of private secondary school teachers and informal workers to understand their experiences of food insecurity linked to COVID-19 policy measures in place by the Malawi government. Our results show that participants face difficulties to access adequate food and have also changed their eating habits by skipping meals in some days as a result of closing night clubs, bars, and schools, restricting public gatherings, and reducing passengers boarding minibus. Therefore, we argue that the COVID-19 policies in place by the Malawi government aggravates the severe challenges to access enough food rendering urban residents vulnerable to food insecurity.
Efficacy and Safety of Arbidol in Treatment of Patients with COVID-19 Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghaderkhani Sara , Khaneshan Arezoo Salami , Salami Amir , Alavijeh Parvaneh Ebrahimi , Kouchak Hamid Emadi , Khalili Hossein , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Ahmadinejad Zahra , Rasolinejad Mehrnaz , Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh , Jafari Sirous , Hasannezhad Malihe , Seifi Arash , Abasian Ladan , Ghiasvand Fereshte , Avanaki Foroogh Alborzi , Edalatifard Maryam , Rahimi Mojgan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of COVID-19has led to a high demand for finding effective antiviral agents. Preliminary experiments showed that Umifenovir could inhibit coronavirus replication in vivo. There is limited data on the clinical efficacy of COVID-19-infected pneumonia. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate this medication based on clinical findings.Methods: The present study was designed as a clinical trial to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of this medicine compared to empirical treatment. For this purpose, multi-stage sampling was considered. 56 people who have mild to moderate symptoms without signs of sever pneumonia , were selected by accidental non-random sampling method. This sample size was subsequently divided into two groups (group A threated with hydroxycloroquine and group B who threated with combination hydroxycloroquine and Umifenovir) by randomized block sampling (1:1). During the study, three patients left the case group. Their clinical sighns and symptoms were evaluated on 3 th and 7 th and 14 th days after oncet illness while taking these medicines in the disease course. The SPSS software was used for data analysis and the significance level was considered to be P<0.05.Results: On the seventh days after visit patients , there were statistically significant differences in recuperation dry cough(p = 0.001), weakness(p = 0.004), gastrointestinal symptoms(p = 0.043) and shortness of breath (p = 0.001) between the two groups, so that in patients who under orescription combination HCQ and Umifenovir group had a faster recovery.Generally during illness , there were statistically significantly faster melioratation myalgia(p = 0.03), gastrointestinal symptoms(p = 0.047), and weakness(p = 0.007)in patients who threated with both HCQ and Umifenovir .Conclusion: Evaluation clinical findings in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients symptoms and sighns recuperation faster in group who under orescription combination HCQ and Umifenovir .regimen. In other words, adding Umifenovir to the empirical treatment accelerated the recovery process of patients’ clinical symptoms.Registration: IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.204, 04.13.2020 , http://ethics.research.ac.ir/IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.204
Impacts of sedimentation on rainwater quality: case study at Ikorodu of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: John Chukwuemeka Kingsley , Pu Jaan H. , Pandey Manish , Moruzzi Rodrigo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the impact of sedimentation on rainwater storage system using a case study at the Ikorodu area of Lagos state, a rural area in Nigeria. In this investigation, the proportions of Escherichia coli (E. coli) that were settleable (due to sedimentation) and those that were at the free phase have been studied. Water samples were collected from different depths in the inspected rainwater storage tank at two different periods (i.e. rainy and dry periods) for 20 days. The samples collected from these periods have been analysed for physical and microbial measures before passing it through the serial filters with pore sizes of 500 μm, 100 μm, 10 μm and 1.5 μm to measure the retained particle mass. From the results, it was observed that: (1) the water quality at the free-phase zone was better than that at the tank's bottom; (2) the settleable bacteria rapidly sank to bottom; (3) the correlation of turbidity, E. coli and total suspended solids (TSS) for all the rain events showed a relatively high Pearson's coefficient of 0.9 to one another; and (4) over 70% of settling TSS occurred within first 36 h. Finally, it has been found that the physical sedimentation process can significantly reduce the microbial measures.