bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noch einmal Theoretisches, nunmehr mit Blick auf Friedrich Nietzsche und Botho Strauβ. Ein notwendiger Exkurs mitten ins Herz einer vermeintlichen Finsternis
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungWie es ausschaut, herrscht derzeit auf dem Gebiet der Literaturwissenschaft, und noch entschiedener auf dem der Kafka-Deutung, so etwas wie die „Stunde zwischen Hund und Wolf“ (wie sie einst von Christa Wolf in ihrem Geteilten Himmel als weltanschaulicher Lackmustest geschildert worden ist; lang ist das her, der Autorin stand damals die Erkenntnis noch bevor, die ihr Gesinnungsgenosse Georg Lukács im Jahr 1956 bereits gemacht hatte: Dass Kafka doch tatsächlich ein Realist war) – und wie sie heute im neueren Novellenwerk des Botho Strauβ zu finden ist, seitdem der Mann im Jahr 2007 seine erste klassische, und, wie sich zeigen wird, ihrerseits Kleistisch-„electrische“ Novelle geschrieben hat.
Botho Strauβ’ „elektrische“ Novellen
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 1994 (Strauβ publizierte noch im Hanser Verlag, war noch nicht zu Rowohlt gewechselt wie vor ihn bereits Martin Walser), erschien in Wohnen. Dämmern. Lügen das später dann klar „elektromagnetische“ Erzählen des Botho Strauβ’ noch in einen mystisch-metaphysischen Kokon eingehüllt. Wiewohl es bereits mit Himmelskörpern, „Zeit und Raum“, Meteoriten und anderen in’s Auge fallenden (früh)romantischen Requisiten ausstaffiert auftrat – wobei der, als einsam Erwählte sich präsentierende, Erzähler interessanterweise überall das „Chinesische“ nach Art des damals „angesagten“ Bestsellerautors Fritjof Capra suchte.
Integrated Strategies for the Management of Wadi Flash Floods in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Arid Zones: The ISFF Project
Authors: Kantoush Sameh A. , Saber Mohamed , Abdel-Fattah Mohammed , Sumi Tetsuya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSustainable management of wadi flash flood (WFF) risks is desperately needed to secure development in wadi systems. Due to rapid flow generation with sudden high flood peaks, spatiotemporal variability of rainfall occurrence, and poorly sited rapid development, most Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have no comprehensive proper protection from WFFs. In arid regions, single mitigation measures, including storage dams, recharge dams, artificial lakes and embankments, are implemented, although soft mitigation measures are not dominant, such as early warning systems. The single management strategy under climate change impacts is not adequate to reduce flash flood risks; an integrated strategy is required. The objective of the international symposium on flash floods (ISFF) project has been to develop scientific understanding of WFFs in wadi systems; monitor, model, and mitigate; issue warnings; and plan urban development by discussing and networking the strategies in the MENA region. To achieve this goal, the project defines priorities for future research challenges and potential projects for WFFs. This chapter provides a state-of-the-art scientific basis in terms of integrated flash flood management. Further, priorities are defined for the main research gaps, and the emerging research methodologies can contribute to guide the management of WFFs in such regions.
The Role of Urban Planning and Landscape Tools Concerning Flash Flood Risk Reduction Within Arid and Semiarid Regions
Authors: Abdrabo Karim I. , Kantosh Sameh A. , Saber Mohamed , Sumi Tetsuya , Elleithy Dina , Habiba Omar M. , Alboshy Bahaa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis chapter highlights some substantial questions inquired by researchers to comprehend the flood risks (FRs) that occur in their cities as follows: (1) What is the impact of flooding on urban areas? (2) what effect does urbanization have on FR? (3) What are the existing nonstructural and structural mitigation measures for urban flooding? and (4) What is the role of urban planning and landscape tools in flood risk reduction (FRR) for cities as well as their inhabitants? The main messages in this chapter could be summarized as follows: (1) Comprehension of both the sources and types of flooding is vital if proper FRR measures are to be determined, (2) Unplanned urban growth could seriously put lives and properties at high risk (3) Land use planning and regulation, and Sustainable infrastructure for stormwater management through landscape architecture are fundamental measures for future FRR (4) The application of the urban planning approach for FRR in arid and semiarid regions has not yet received adequate attention and facing many challenges for its implementation, and finally (5) the combination of structural and nonstructural mitigation measures in spatial planning could be much more effective than using one type of measure alone.
Measuring Vulnerability to Flash Flood of Urban Dwellers
Authors: Huq Md. Enamul , Shao Zhenfeng , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah , Sarker Md. Nazirul Islam , Bowen Cai , Al Mamun Abdullah , Saleem Nayyer , Javed Akib , Rahman Md. Mahabubur 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFlash floods are unexpected, localized flood events that occur when an exceptional amount of rain falls happens over a short period of time. In South Asia, it is mostly disastrous, for example, in 2017 flash floods killed approximately 1200 people from India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. However, it is also common in Dhaka megacity, Bangladesh due to its geographic location, monsoon climatic condition and surrounding rivers. Though it is impossible to avoid them, the losses and damages of hazards can be reduced effectively by using appropriate techniques. This study aims to determine the responsible factors and measure the household vulnerability to flash flood as a tool of mitigation. The study has been conducted based on primary data. Therefore, data were collected from both slum and non-slum population to cover the entire urban habitats. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire based on five factors (social, economic, institutional, structural, and environmental) of vulnerability to flash flood. The key feature of this paper is to provide an insight into real picture of vulnerability to flash flood for urban habitants. Moreover, this practical approach is useful to quantify hazard-induced vulnerabilities not only for Dhaka megacity but also for other cities of the globe.
Sediment Transport in Shallow Waters as a Multiphysics Approach
Authors: Holzbecher Ekkehard , Hadidi Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSuspended particle and bed-load transport are usually high during flooding events. For that reason, sediment transport is an important feature to be taken into account when studying floods. Measures that aim to mitigate the negative impacts of floods depend on such studies. Sediment transport phenomena are complex due to their coupling behavior with fluid flow. Due to the erosion and sedimentation of particulate matter, the ground surface changes during the passing of a flood. The courses of unregulated rivers and wadis after floods are different than those before floods. Flowing water transports sediments, and vice versa; sediment redistribution affects the flow of water due to changes in the ground surface and other factors. Computer simulations of sediment transport must take the coupling between water flow and transport processes into account. Here, a multiphysics approach in such a coupled model is presented. Shallow water equations (SWE) representing water height and velocity are coupled with equations for suspended particulate matter and bed loads. Using COMSOL Multiphysics software, an implementation is presented that demonstrates the capability and feasibility of the proposed approach. The approach is applied to the problems of scouring and sedimentation at obstacles, which are particularly important for ensuring the stability of bridges across rivers and wadis.
Determining the Precipitation Intensity Threshold of Debris Flood Occurrence
Authors: Banihabib Mohammad Ebrahim , Tanhapour Mitra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, the precipitation threshold at which debris floods occur was evaluated experimentally, and the factors that influence debris flood occurrence, including the bed slope, sediment layer thickness, sediment grain size, length of alluvial flow direction, precipitation intensity, and time of debris flood occurrence, were examined. The impacts of these factors on debris flood initiation were investigated through dimensional analysis. Then, a method was developed to estimate the precipitation intensity threshold based on a set of laboratory tests. Furthermore, different methods for determining the precipitation intensity threshold at which debris floods are initiated were assessed and discussed. The results of the experiments showed that the effect of the sediment layer thickness on debris flood occurrence can be ignored. Moreover, by independently evaluating the effect of each factor on debris flood occurrence, it was found that the sediment length and average diameter of sediments are influential to debris flood initiation. The results of this research provide a better understanding of debris flood mechanisms and occurrence thresholds of debris floods and can be employed to prepare a forecasting model.
Renewed Patronage and Strengthened Authority of Chiefs Under the Scarcity of Customary Land in Zambia
Authors: Oyama Shuichi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Zambian government enacted the 1995 Lands Act with the aim of stimulating investment and agricultural productivity. This Act strengthened the role and power of traditional leaders, particularly chiefs, as it empowered them to allocate customary land to individuals and companies, including foreign investors. In the Bembachiefdom of northern Zambia, a new chief issued new land rights and invalidated the land rights issued by the old chiefs. As a result, land owners with documents in the old formats were required to obtain new certification from the new chief. Concerned about the land within his territory, this chief also decided to invalidate the title deeds issued by the central government so that he could release the protected land to local people. Alongside their historical and cultural power, the chiefs strengthened their patronage over land distribution as well as their authority over the residents in their territories. With high demand for land, anxiety among local people due to land scarcity has created political power and authority for the chiefs.
Traversing State, Agribusinesses, and Farmers’ Land Discourse in Kenyan Commercial Intensive Agriculture
Authors: Narh Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFrom a qualitative study of sugarcane production in Chemelil(western Kenya) and insights drawn from the Kenyan land reform enacted in 2012, this study contends that the goal of land reform to provide farmers with certainty of rights to land to invest in and benefit from agriculture is heavily weakened by the farmers’ lack of control over agricultural inputs. Land reform and intensive agriculture, such as sugarcane production, share the same market-based land discourse, where land is considered an environmental asset to be harnessed efficiently for high productivity. Although this discourse supports the application of high inputs for maximum agricultural outputs, it has also eroded farmers’ power and control over their lands. This loss of power and control occurs through the supply of high-cost agricultural inputs from external sources, such as state research agencies and the Chemelil Sugar Company. The control of inputs by sources external to farmers stifles possible farm-based innovations that could reduce farming costs. The chapter, thus, contends that, although land reform aims at farmers’ utmost benefit from land, the farmer’s lack of control over agricultural inputs limits the benefits they derive from land use for intensive agriculture; this is especially true in the case of small-scale farmers.
Fermion mass hierarchy and g − 2 anomalies in an extended 3HDM Model
Authors: Hernández A. E. Cárcamo , Kovalenko Sergey , Maniatis M. , Schmidt Ivan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We propose an extension of the three-Higgs-doublet model (3HDM), where the Standard Model (SM) particle content is enlarged by the inclusion of two inert SU2L scalar doublets, three inert and two active electrically neutral gauge singlet scalars, charged vector like fermions and Majorana neutrinos. These additional particles are introduced to generate the SM fermion mass hierarchy from a sequential loop suppression mechanism. In our model the top and exotic fermion masses appear at tree level, whereas the remaining fermions get their masses radiatively. Specifically, bottom, charm, tau and muon masses appear at 1-loop; the masses for the light up, down and strange quarks as well as for the electron at 2-loop and masses for the light active neutrinos at 3-loop. Our model successfully accounts for SM fermion masses and mixings and accommodates the observed Dark Matter relic density, the electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments, as well the constraints arising from charged Lepton Flavor Violating (LFV) processes. The proposed model predicts charged LFV decays within the reach of forthcoming experiments.
Dispersion relation analysis of the radiative corrections to gA in the neutron β-decay
Authors: Gorchtein Mikhail , Seng Chien-Yeah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We present the first and complete dispersion relation analysis of the inner radiative corrections to the axial coupling constant gA in the neutron β-decay. Using experimental inputs from the elastic form factors and the spin-dependent structure function g1, we determine the contribution from the γW-box diagram to a precision better than 10−4. Our calculation indicates that the inner radiative corrections to the Fermi and the Gamow-Teller matrix element in the neutron β-decay are almost identical, i.e. the ratio λ = gA/gV is almost unrenormalized. With this result, we predict the bare axial coupling constant to be $$ {\overset{\circ }{g}}_A=-1.2754{(13)}_{\mathrm{exp}}{(2)}_{\mathrm{RC}} $$

g
∘

A

=
−
1.2754

13

exp

2

RC

based on the PDG average λ = −1.2756(13).
Water vapour radiometry in geodetic very long baseline interferometry telescopes: assessed through simulations
Authors: Forkman Peter , Flygare Jonas , Elgered Gunnar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe accuracy of geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) is affected by water vapour in the atmosphere in terms of variations in the signal propagation delay at the different stations. This “wet” delay may be estimated directly from the VLBI data, as well as from independent instruments, such as collocated microwave radiometers. Rather than having stand-alone microwave radiometers we have, through simulations, evaluated the possibility to use radiometric data from the VLBI receiver in the VGOS telescopes at the Onsala Space Observatory. The advantage is that the emission from water vapour, as sensed by the radiometer, originates from the same atmospheric volume that delays the VLBI signal from the extra-galactic object. We use simulations of the sky brightness temperature and the wet delay together with an assumption of a root-mean-square (rms) noise of the receiver of 1 K, and observations evenly spread between elevation angles of 10$$^\circ $$

∘

–90$$^\circ $$

∘

. This results in an rms error of the estimated equivalent zenith wet delay of the order of 3 mm for a one frequency algorithm, used under cloud free conditions, and 4 mm for a two frequency algorithm, used during conditions with liquid water clouds. The results exclude rainy conditions when the method does not work. These errors are reduced by a factor of 3 if the receiver error is 0.1 K meaning that the receivers’ measurements of the sky brightness temperature is the main error source. We study the impact of ground-noise pickup by using a model of an existing wideband feed. Taking the algorithm uncertainty and the ground noise pickup into account we conclude that the method presented will be useful as an independent estimate of the wet delay to assess the quality of the wet delays and linear horizontal gradients estimated from the VLBI data themselves.
Partial structure, dampened mobility, and modest impact of a His tag in the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp2 C-terminal region
Authors: Mompeán Miguel , Treviño Miguel Á. , Laurents Douglas V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) play essential roles in regulating physiological processes in eukaryotic cells. Many viruses use their own IDPs to “hack” these processes to deactivate host defenses and promote viral growth. Thus, viral IDPs are attractive drug targets. While IDPs are hard to study by X-ray crystallography or cryo-EM, atomic level information on their conformational preferences and dynamics can be obtained using NMR spectroscopy. SARS-CoV-2 Nsp2, whose C-terminal region (CtR) is predicted to be disordered, interacts with human proteins that regulate translation initiation and endosome vesicle sorting. Molecules that block these interactions could be valuable leads for drug development. The 13Cβ and backbone 13CO, 1HN, 13Cα, and 15N nuclei of Nsp2’s 45-residue CtR were assigned and used to characterize its structure and dynamics in three contexts; namely: (1) retaining an N-terminal His tag, (2) without the His tag and with an adventitious internal cleavage, and (3) lacking both the His tag and the internal cleavage. Two five-residue segments adopting a minor extended population were identified. Overall, the dynamic behavior is midway between a completely rigid and a fully flexible chain. Whereas the presence of an N-terminal His tag and internal cleavage stiffen and loosen, respectively, neighboring residues, they do not affect the tendency of two regions to populate extended conformations.
Outcome after PSMA-PET/CT-based salvage radiotherapy for nodal recurrence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Rogowski Paul , Trapp Christian , von Bestenbostel Rieke , Eze Chukwuka , Ganswindt Ute , Li Minglun , Unterrainer Marcus , Zacherl Mathias J. , Ilhan Harun , Beyer Leonie , Kretschmer Alexander , Bartenstein Peter , Stief Christian , Belka Claus , Schmidt-Hegemann Nina-Sophie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Nodal recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) represents a common state of disease, amenable to local therapy. PSMA-PET/CT detects PCa recurrence at low PSA levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of PSMA-PET/CT-based salvage radiotherapy (sRT) for lymph node (LN) recurrence.

Methods
A total of 100 consecutive patients treated with PSMA-PET/CT-based salvage elective nodal radiotherapy (sENRT) for LN recurrence were retrospectively examined. Patients underwent PSMA-PET/CT scan due to biochemical persistence (bcP, 76%) or biochemical recurrence (bcR, 24%) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) defined as PSA < post-RT nadir + 0.2 ng/ml and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and uni- and multivariate analysis was performed.

Results
Median follow-up was 37 months. Median PSA at PSMA-PET/CT was 1.7 ng/ml (range 0.1–40.1) in patients with bcP and 1.4 ng/ml (range 0.3–5.1) in patients with bcR. PSMA-PET/CT detected 1, 2, and 3 or more LN metastases in 35%, 23%, and 42%, respectively. Eighty-three percent had only pelvic, 2% had only paraaortic, and 15% had pelvic and paraaortic LN metastases. Cumulatively, a total dose converted to EQD21.5 Gy of 66 Gy (60–70 Gy) was delivered to the prostatic fossa, 70 Gy (66–72 Gy) to the local recurrence, if present, 65.1 Gy (56–66 Gy) to PET-positive lymph nodes, and 47.5 Gy (42.4–50.9 Gy) to the lymphatic pathways. Concomitant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered in 83% of patients. One-, 2-, and 3-year BRFS was 80.7%, 71.6%, and 65.8%, respectively. One-, 2-, and 3-year DMFS was 91.6%, 79.1%, and 66.4%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, concomitant ADT, longer ADT duration (≥ 12 vs. < 12 months) and LN localization (pelvic vs. paraaortic) were associated with improved BRFS and concomitant ADT and lower PSA value before sRT (< 1 vs. > 1 ng/ml) with improved DMFS, respectively. No such association was seen for the number of affected lymph nodes.

Conclusions
Overall, the present analysis shows that the so far, unmatched sensitivity and specificity of PSMA-PET/CT translates in comparably high BRFS and DMFS after PSMA-PET/CT-based sENRT for patients with PCa LN recurrence. Concomitant ADT, duration of ADT, PSA value before sRT, and localization of LN metastases were significant factors for improved outcome.
Radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to the second hepatic hilus
Authors: Chen Meng-Li , Li Hai-Liang , Guo Chen-Yang , Zhang Hao , Yuan Hang , Li Zhen , Park Jung-Hoon , Hu Hong-Tao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the efficacy and safety of using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) adjacent to the second hepatic hilus.

Methods
Between February 2011 and June 2013, 17 patients with HCC underwent combination therapy of TACE and RFA under DSA and CT guidance at our institution. The 17 patients had a total of 23 hepatic tumors, 17 of which were adjacent to the second hepatic hilus.

Results
TACE combined with RFA was performed successfully in all 17 patients with no mortalities or major morbidities. During the 1-month follow-up, tumors of 15 patients (88.2%) were completely ablated after one therapy session and 2 patients had detectable tumor residue. During the follow-up time period (range 6–52 months), local tumor progression developed in 1 patient (1/17, 5.9%) and both local tumor progression and new tumors appeared in 1 patient (1/17, 5.9%). Also, new tumors developed in the untreated portions of the liver in 8 patients (8/17, 47.1%). No distant metastasis was found. Of the 17 patients, 6 (35.3%) died due to tumor progression (3/17, 17.6%), liver failure (2/17, 11.8%), or massive hemorrhage of the gastrointestinal tract (1/17, 5.9%). The overall survival rates were 94.1% (16/17), 82.4% (14/17), and 61.8% (11/17) at 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively, and the median survival time was 25 months (95% CI 18–27).

Conclusion
Treatment using combination of TACE and RFA is an effective and safe therapeutic strategy for treating HCC with tumor(s) adjacent to the second hepatic hilus.