bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemopreventive potential of plant-derived epigenetic inhibitors silibinin and quercetin: an involvement of apoptotic signaling cascade modulation
Authors: Baksi Ruma , Rana Rita , Nivsarkar Manish 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpigenetic deregulation of the cellular apoptotic mechanism is the common hallmark of cancer. Silibinin (SBN) and quercetin (QCT) are two bioflavonoids well known for their epigenetic inhibition property. The objective of the present study was to explore the preventive anti-cancer efficacy of the SBN and QCT in both in vitro as well as in vivo tumor xenograft model through regulating cellular apoptotic signaling pathway.ResultsSBN and QCT inhibited the growth of A549 and MDA-MB-468 cancer cells in the concentration dependent manner. The treatment caused significant (p< 0.05) reduction of the size and the number of colonies formed by the cancer cells. In vitro apoptosis assay using the fluorescence microscopy revealed that the treatment noticeably increased the percentage of apoptotic cells as compared to the untreated control. Dosing with SBN (200mg/kg), QCT (100mg/kg) alone and in combination was initiated in 3-week-old C57BL6 mice. Interestingly, the treatment prevented tumor progression significantly (p< 0.05) in adult mice without causing any toxicity. Furthermore, SBN and QCT triggered apoptosis via modulating p53 and Bcl2 gene expression and the SOD enzyme activity.ConclusionDaily oral intake of SBN and QCT alone and in combination from the very early stage of life might prevent tumor growth in adult mice through activating cellular apoptotic signaling cascade.
Anticancer activity of Nigerian medicinal plants: a review
Authors: Ohiagu Franklyn O. , Chikezie Paul C. , Chikezie Chinwendu M. , Enyoh Christian E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCancer is currently the leading cause of death globally and the number of deaths from cancer is on the rise daily. Medicinal plants have been in continuous use over the years for the management of cancer, particularly, in most developing countries of the world including Nigeria. The use of synthetic drugs for the treatment of cancer is often accompanied by toxic side effects. Thus, the alternative use of readily available and inexpensive medicinal plants is the panacea to the toxic side effects associated with synthetic drugs.Main bodyThe present review summarized the anticancer activity of 51 medicinal plants that are widespread in all regions of Nigeria. Furthermore, the proposed anticancer pharmacological actions as well as the anticancer bioactive compounds, the type of cancer cell inhibited, the plant parts responsible for the anticancer activity, and the nature of the extracts used for the studies were discussed in this review. The 51 Nigerian medicinal plants were reported to exhibit anticancer activities of the prostate, cervices, lung, skin, colon, esophagus, blood, ovary, central nervous system/brain, breast, stomach, pancreas, larynx, and kidney. The major classes of bioactive compounds indicated to be responsible for the anticancer activity include the polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenes, tannins, and quinones. The major anticancer pharmacological actions of these bioactive compounds were antiproliferative, cytotoxic, cytostatic, antimetastatic, apoptotic, and antioxidative as well as provoked cell cycle arrest, inhibition of angiogenesis and reduction of cancer cell viability.ConclusionThe Nigerian medicinal plants can be harnessed to provide for readily available and inexpensive anticancer drugs in the future because the plants reported in this review showed promising anticancer activity.
On the role of interactions in trans-sonically flowing atomic condensates
(a)
Authors: Tettamanti M. , Carusotto I. , Parola A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We provide a joint numerical-analytical study of the physics of a flowing atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in the combined presence of an external trap and a step potential which accelerates the atoms out of the condensate creating a pair of neighbouring black- and white-hole horizons. In particular, we focus on the rapidly growing density modulation pattern that appears in the supersonic region, an experimentally observed feature that was related to black-hole lasing phenomena. A direct assessment of the role of interactions in this process suggests an interpretation of the experimental data in terms of linear interference of atomic waves rather than collective effects. Our conclusions are further supported by an analytical solution of the Schrödinger equation in terms of Airy wave functions.
Multi-organ Coordination of Lipoprotein Secretion by Hormones, Nutrients and Neural Networks
Authors: Stahel Priska , Xiao Changting , Nahmias Avital , Tian Lili , Lewis Gary Franklin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Plasma triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), particularly atherogenic remnant lipoproteins, contribute to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Hypertriglyceridemia may arise in part from hypersecretion of TRLs by the liver and intestine. Here we focus on the complex network of hormonal, nutritional, and neuronal interorgan communication that regulates secretion of TRLs and provide our perspective on the relative importance of these factors. Hormones and peptides originating from the pancreas (insulin, glucagon), gut [glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and 2 (GLP-2), ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY], adipose tissue (leptin, adiponectin) and brain (GLP-1) modulate TRL secretion by receptor-mediated responses and indirectly via neural networks. In addition, the gut microbiome and bile acids influence lipoprotein secretion in humans and animal models. Several nutritional factors modulate hepatic lipoprotein secretion through effects on the central nervous system. Vagal afferent signaling from the gut to the brain and efferent signals from the brain to the liver and gut are modulated by hormonal and nutritional factors to influence TRL secretion. Some of these factors have been extensively studied and shown to have robust regulatory effects whereas others are “emerging” regulators, whose significance remains to be determined. The quantitative importance of these factors relative to one another and relative to the key regulatory role of lipid availability remains largely unknown. Our understanding of the complex interorgan regulation of TRL secretion is rapidly evolving to appreciate the extensive hormonal, nutritional, and neural signals emanating not only from gut and liver but also from the brain, pancreas, and adipose tissue.
HPAStainR: a Bioconductor and Shiny app to query protein expression patterns in the Human Protein Atlas
Authors: Nieuwenhuis Tim O. , Halushka Marc K. 
Published: March 2021

The Human Protein Atlas is a website of protein expression in human tissues. It is an excellent resource of tissue and cell type protein localization, but only allows the query of a single protein at a time. We introduce HPAStainR as a new Shiny app and Bioconductor/R package used to query the scored staining patterns in the Human Protein Atlas with multiple proteins/genes of interest. This allows the user to determine if an experimentally-generated protein/gene list associates with a particular cell type. We validated the tool using the Panglao Database cell type specific marker genes and a Genotype Expression (GTEx) tissue deconvolution dataset. HPAStainR identified 92% of the Panglao cell types in the top quartile of confidence scores limited to tissue type of origin results. It also appropriately identified the correct cell types from the GTEx dataset. HPAStainR fills a gap in available bioinformatics tools to identify cell type protein expression patterns and can assist in establishing ground truths and exploratory analysis. HPAStainR is available from: https://32tim32.shinyapps.io/HPAStainR/
Demonstration of Power Generation from Fertilizer Solutions via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis
Authors: Pourmovahed Pouyan , Maisonneuve Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

HighlightsMechanical work can be generated from fertilizer via pressure-retarded osmosis.Laboratory tests show up to 5 Wh of energy recovered per kg of fertilizer.Tradeoffs between energy recovery and power generation are demonstrated.Maintaining power above 5 W m-2 is reasonable given current membrane technology.Abstract. Large amounts of energy are released when concentrated fertilizers are diluted in water. In this study, we demonstrate the use of fertilizer to generate useful mechanical work via pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). A number of common single solutes and fertilizer blends were analyzed using both experimental and numerical methods. Laboratory test trials showed energy recovery of up to 5 Wh kg-1 of fertilizer and power of up 6 W m-2 of membrane area given commercial cellulose triacetate membranes. A drop in power was demonstrated throughout the fertilizer PRO batch process, and the resulting tradeoffs between energy recovery and power density are discussed. Simulation results suggest that high-performance membranes can be used to maintain elevated power above 5 W m-2 throughout the batch process, while recovering approximately 5 Wh kg-1. The loss of valuable fertilizer via leakage to the feed stream was found to be less than 1% of the initial fertilizer mass, suggesting that this non-ideal dynamic can be reasonably minimized. Implications at the food-energy-water nexus are discussed. Keywords: Fertilizer osmosis, Forward osmosis, Fertilizer energy, Food-energy-water nexus.
High-accuracy deflectometric microscope system with a large slope range
Authors: Gu Hanting , Wang Daodang , Gu Zhixiong , Kong Ming , Liu Lu , Lei Lihua , Liang Rongguang 
Published: March 2021

We propose an off-axis deflectometric microscope system for microscopic surface testing with both high measurement accuracy and a large slope dynamic range. A high-luminance liquid crystal display directly illuminates the tested sample with coded fringes, and then the reflected fringes passing through a microscope objective are captured by a pinhole camera, from which the deflectometric microscopic testing with a large slope range can be achieved. The accuracy of the proposed system is validated numerically and experimentally, and a large measurable slope dynamic range is also demonstrated. The proposed system provides a feasible way with the slope range in the order of sub-radians and sag resolution better than 0.05 nm.
Scanning Compton X-ray microscopy
Authors: Villanueva-Perez P. , Fleckenstein H. , Prasciolu M. , Murray K. T. , Domaracký M. , Gregorič K. , Mariani V. , Gelisio L. , Kuhn M. , Hannappel J. , Yefanov O. , Ivanov N. , Sarrou I. , Pennicard D. , Becker J. , von Zimmermann M. , Gutowski O. , Dippel A.-C. , Chapman H. N. , Bajt S. 
Published: March 2021

X-ray microscopy offers the opportunity to image biological and radiosensitive materials without special sample preparations, bridging optical and electron microscopy capabilities. However, the performance of such microscopes, when imaging radiosensitive samples, is not limited by their intrinsic resolution, but by the radiation damage induced on such samples. Here, we demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, radio-efficient microscope, scanning Compton X-ray microscopy (SCXM), which uses coherently and incoherently (Compton) scattered photons to minimize the deposited energy per unit of mass for a given imaging signal. We implemented SCXM, using lenses capable of efficiently focusing 60 keV X-ray photons into the sub-micrometer scale, and probe its radio-efficient capabilities. SCXM, when implemented in high-energy diffraction-limited storage rings, e.g., European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Extremely Brilliant Source and PETRA IV, will open the opportunity to explore the nanoscale of unstained, unsectioned, and undamaged radiosensitive materials.
Computational temporal ghost imaging for long-distance underwater wireless optical communication
Authors: Chen Xinwei , Jin Mengyin , Chen Honglan , Wang Yupeng , Qiu Pengjiang , Cui Xugao , Sun Baoqing , Tian Pengfei 
Published: March 2021

This work proposes an underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system based on computational temporal ghost imaging (CTGI) and a low-bandwidth high-sensitivity avalanche photodiode. After measuring the attenuation coefficient of water, a series of neutral density filters is used to attenuate the optical power to estimate the distance of UWOC. Experimental results show that under the conditions of 4 GHz transmitting frequency and 144.37 m estimated distance, through CTGI, we can achieve error-free transmission, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio is much higher than on–off keying. Additionally, after adopting the segmented reconstruction method, under the condition of 4 GHz transmitting frequency and 193.10 m estimated distance, we can also achieve error-free transmission. At the same time, the relationship between UWOC performance and the number of segments is also studied. This research provides a novel UWOC technique that enables high-frequency transmission signals to be detected by a low-bandwidth photodetector for long-distance UWOC.
Large-mode-area all-solid anti-resonant fiber with single-mode operation for high-power fiber lasers
Authors: Xing Zhen , Wang Xin , Lou Shuqin , Tang Zijuan , Jia Haoqiang , Gu Shuai , Han Jihong 
Published: March 2021

We investigate the feasibility of applying an anti-resonant guiding mechanism in an all-solid anti-resonant fiber (AS-ARF) to achieve a large mode area (LMA) and single mode for high-power fiber laser applications. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, AS-ARF with nonuniform rods is proposed to enhance the single-mode property and enlarge the mode area. The numerical results show that the core diameter can expand to 57, 80, and 100 µm at the wavelengths of 1.064, 1.55, and 2 µm, respectively. The loss ratio of the lowest loss of higher-order modes to the loss of the fundamental mode can exceed 1000, 550, and 860 at the wavelength of 1.064, 1.55, and 2 µm; thus, robust single-mode operation can be ensured. Besides, the fiber can also be adapted to bent condition under certain heat load. These indicate that the proposed AS-ARF with nonuniform rods is a great candidate as an LMA fiber for high-power fiber lasers.
Unexpected Improvement of Liver Function by Intravenous Immunoglobulin in a Steroid-Experienced Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Tak Kwon Yong , Sung Pil Soo , Nam Hee Chul , Jang Jeong Won , Choi Jong Young , Yoon Seung Kew 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Corticosteroid is the treatment of choice for severe alcoholic hepatitis; however, it can also lead to severe life-threatening infection. We report a 28-year-old severe alcoholic hepatitis patient who did not achieve a satisfactory improvement of the liver function by corticosteroid use but obtained a significant improvement of the liver function by intravenous immunoglobulin. Intravenous immunoglobulin was administered to control infection after prolonged corticosteroid usage; however, it led to an unexpected remarkable decrease in the serum total bilirubin level and restored the responsiveness to the additional corticosteroid used after the resolution of the infection.
Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor With Primary Presentation as Orbital Cellulitis
Authors: Mehtani Rohit , Venkitaraman Aswath , Roy Aakash , Premkumar Madhumita 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are rare malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract or lung with the most common metastases being the liver. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. We describe a 53-year-old woman with pancreatic NET metastatic to the liver, spleen, and orbital fossae. She presented with orbital cellulitis and was managed as a case of ocular tuberculosis after a preliminary ultrasound of the eye which showed soft-tissue edema of the orbit, and aspiration cytology showed ill-formed lymphocyte clusters. Eight weeks later, she developed antitubercular therapy-induced hepatitis. Further investigations revealed the real diagnosis of metastatic NET with orbital deposits. She received somatostatin analogue therapy, everolimus, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with significant reduction in size of lesions and resolution of symptoms.
Déplacement accidentel de la dent de sagesse maxillaire dans le vestibule jugal antérieur
Authors: Fathi Sakha , Olszewski Raphael 
Published: March 2021

Les déplacements accidentels des dents de sagesse du maxillaire supérieur dans divers régions anatomiques sont rares. Nous avons effectué la recherche de littérature sur ce sujet de manière systématique en utilisant PubMed et DOAJ. Il n’existe pas d’illustration accessible gratuitement pour les voies de déplacements accidentels des dents de sagesse supérieurs imagées par le CT scan ou par le CBCT à part le déplacement vers la fosse infra-temporale et vers la fosse ptérygopalatine. Nous décrivons et illustrons par CBCT un cas unique dans la littérature médicale de déplacement accidentel du germe de la dent de sagesse du maxillaire supérieur dans l’espace jugal antérieur. Les raisons potentielles, les conséquences ainsi que les moyens de prévention de cette rare complication d’extraction de dents de sagesse sont aussi expliquées.
European Humanism and Benedictine Monasticism. Around Selected Statements of Benedict XVI
Authors: Kiejkowski Paweł 
Published: March 2021

Josef Ratzinger has made the problem of the solid foundations of European humanism one of the most important in his scientific and pastoral work. Called to the Holy See, he chose the name Benedict XVI, indicating the Saint Abbot of Nursia as the special patron of his pontificate. In this study two valuable statements of Pope Ratzinger are discussed, showing the relationship between European humanism and Benedictine monasticism. The first is the speech of Benedict XVI during a meeting with people active in culture at the Bernardine College in Paris on September 12, 2008. The second is the text Crisis of cultures, in which the Pope pensioner presents Abbot Benedict and his way of life as an adequate response to the contemporary crisis of European humanism. To seek God in the first place, to sensitize conscience to trueness, showing the paths of freedom, which advocates good and beauty, is the calling of Benedictine monks and at the same time, a necessary condition for integral humanism, the creative development of European culture.
Illegality in Employment Contracts, Enforced Labour and Public Policy Considerations
Authors: Akhtar Zia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The English law of the illegality of contracts is founded on public policy and expressed in the maxim ex turpi causa non oritur actio meaning an action cannot arise from an illegal cause. Furthermore, the position of the law is that where a contract is tainted with illegality and both parties are equally to blame then neither party can claim any right or remedy under the contract. This doctrine has to be viewed within the context of the employment contracts which are against public policy, particularly those where illegality of contract concerns irregular migrants who have been offered terms which infringe the legislation such as the Immigration Acts and the Modern Slavery Act 2015. The question in this paper is the scope of the public policy requirements that courts take into account when the contracts are unenforceable for illegality based on infringements of the human rights framework and ECHR legal precedence.
东南亚华语初期发展变化考察 —— 以《新国民日报》为例
Authors: 晏斌 刁 
Published: March 2021

摘要
文章立足于东南亚华语史, 以新加坡早期华文报章《新国民日报》为对象, 以1919年末-1920年初和1933年为两个时间点, 进行语言发展变化的对比性调查, 将调查结果归纳为“四化”, 即中性化、方言化、欧化和本土化。在“四化”基础上, 归纳和提炼了华语及其历史研究的“三观”, 即三个基本观念: 华语形成与发展的动态观、早期华语与早期国语的同步观、华语发展的本土观。
新马华语 “被” 字式历时考察
Authors: 丽 卢月 
Published: March 2021

摘要
文章分阶段考察了华语“被”字式百年来简化与繁化两种发展变化, 前者主要表现在由长“被”字式多到短“被”字式多以及由句子“降格”为句子成分; 后者则是音节不断拉长、成分类型渐趋多样化, 究其原因是为了适应表达的需求, 即由弱描述到强描述、由简单叙述到复杂叙述。此外, 新马华语“被”字式继承并保留了传统国语中的一些“古”“旧”形式。通过“被”字式的历时考察, 可以由小观大, 借斑窥豹, 由此来了解华语的发展与演进。
Simple synthesis of poly (1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-diethynylbenzene)/Pd composites with catalytic activity in Sonogashira coupling reaction
Authors: Ferdousi Moon Jannatul , Rahman Khan Mohammad Mizanur , Alam M. Ashraful , Younus Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Palladium on the polymeric materials (Pd@polymer) as a catalyst is now very promising due to its great prospect for catalytic application. Such material in the form of composites is found to be stable and can be applied as catalyst in organic synthesis like Sonogashira coupling reaction. In the present work, Pd containing conjugated poly-ynes composites (Poly (1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-diethynylbenzene) (Poly-DEB)/Pd) were synthesized by varying the addition of Pd in the range of equivalent weight of 8:4, 8:2 and 8:1, maintaining the fixed amount of 1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-diethynylbenzene (DEB) through chemical oxidative polymerization technique. Both FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the interactions between DEB and Pd in the composites. The DSC data revealed the improved melting temperature as well as the crystallinity of the composites than the DEB. The PL spectra showed its florescence property. The catalytic capability of the Poly-DEB/Pd composites were examined using the Sonogashira coupling reactions, which demonstrated good yields. The suggested synthetic protocol is very facile, reproducible and beneficial for the fabrication of diverse mono and bimetallic composites with conjugated polymers. The present study also demonstrates the new example of Poly-DEB/Pd composites catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction. These composites have a possibility to develop as a commercial reagent in various organic synthesis subjects to its application prospects.
Reconstruction algorithm of 3D surface in scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron detector
Authors: Borzunov Andrey A. , Lukyanenko Dmitry V. , Rau Eduard I. , Yagola Anatoly G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new technique for three-dimensional surface reconstruction of relatively smooth surface topography using the scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron detector is considered. Experiments show high effectiveness of the method.
Joint Action without Mutual Beliefs
Authors: Figà Talamanca Giacomo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractJoint action among human beings is characterized by using elaborate cognitive feats, such as representing the mental states of others about a certain state of affairs. It is still debated how these capacities evolved in the hominid lineage. I suggest that the consolidation of a shared practice over time can foster the predictability of other’s behavior. This might facilitate the evolutionary passage from inferring what others might know by simply seeing them and what they are viewing towards a mutual awareness of each other’s beliefs. I will examine the case for cooperative hunting in one chimpanzee community and argue that it is evidence that they have the potential to achieve common ground, suggesting that the consolidation of a practice might have supported the evolution of higher social cognition in the hominid lineage.