bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A computationally tractable framework for nonlinear dynamic multiscale modeling of membrane woven fabrics
Authors: Avery Philip , Huang Daniel Z. , He Wanli , Ehlers Johanna , Derkevorkian Armen , Farhat Charbel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA general‐purpose computational homogenization framework is proposed for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of membranes exhibiting complex microscale and/or mesoscale heterogeneity characterized by in‐plane periodicity that cannot be effectively treated by a conventional method, such as woven fabrics. The framework is a generalization of the “finite element squared” (or FE2) method in which a localized portion of the periodic subscale structure is modeled using finite elements. The numerical solution of displacement driven problems involving this model can be adapted to the context of membranes by a variant of the Klinkel–Govindjee method1 originally proposed for using finite strain, three‐dimensional material models in beam and shell elements. This approach relies on numerical enforcement of the plane stress constraint and is enabled by the principle of frame invariance. Computational tractability is achieved by introducing a regression‐based surrogate model informed by a physics‐inspired training regimen in which FE2 is utilized to simulate a variety of numerical experiments including uniaxial, biaxial and shear straining of a material coupon. Several alternative surrogate models are evaluated including an artificial neural network. The framework is demonstrated and validated for a realistic Mars landing application involving supersonic inflation of a parachute canopy made of woven fabric.
Comparative effectiveness of early‐targeted use of fidaxomicin versus oral vancomycin among hospitalized veterans’ affairs patients with infections due to Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Patel Nimish , Lowry Colleen , Morgenson Daralyn , Shah Vaishali , Stornelli Nicholas , Lodise Thomas P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivesThis study sought to compare real‐world effectiveness outcomes between hospitalized patients with Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) who received early‐targeted fidaxomicin or oral vancomycin at two Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs).DesignA retrospective cohort study was performed among hospitalized patients at two VAMCs from January 2008 until July 2017.SettingAlbany and Syracuse VAMCs.PatientsPatients were included in this analysis if they were age ≥18 years; were hospitalized; had a CDI with a Hines Severity Score Index (SSI) ≥2; received oral vancomycin (January 2008–June 2014 at Albany or Syracuse VAMCs) or fidaxomicin (March 2012–July 2017 at Albany VAMC) within 5 days of positive CDI stool sample for ≥ 48 hours.InterventionReceipt of an oral vancomycin‐ or fidaxomicin‐containing CDI regimen.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was a composite of 30‐day mortality and 60‐day recurrence.Main ResultsThe study included 54 oral vancomycin and 38 fidaxomicin recipients. The population was predominantly male (97.8%), and mean ± standard deviation age was 74.6 ± 11.1 years. The composite outcome was significantly different between fidaxomicin and vancomycin recipients (26.3% fidaxomicin vs. 51.9% vancomycin; odds ratio (OR): 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14–0.81, p = 0.01). This finding was maintained in the multivariate analysis after adjustment for confounders (adjusted OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09–0.73, p = 0.01)ConclusionsThis real‐world effectiveness study suggests that use of fidaxomicin potentially results in better outcomes relative to oral vancomycin for initial treatment of hospitalized VAMC patients with CDIs.
Patient and Provider‐Reported Satisfaction of Cancer Rehabilitation Telemedicine Visits During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Chang Philip J , Jay Gina M. , Kalpakjian Claire , Andrews Cody , Smith Sean 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has accelerated the growth of telemedicine services across the United States. In this study, we examined cancer rehabilitation patient and physician satisfaction with telemedicine visits. We also sought to evaluate the types of provider services that are given during telemedicine visits.ObjectiveTo assess overall patient and provider satisfaction with telemedicine visits and explore whether satisfaction varied by contact method (phone or video) and encounter type (new problem, worsening problem, stable/improving problem).DesignProspective survey study.SettingCancer rehabilitation program at an academic medical center.ParticipantsThree cancer rehabilitation providers and 155 unique patients participated in the study.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresProvider and patient satisfaction measured by customized surveys.ResultsOne hundred eighty‐four encounters with 169 unique patients were scheduled. Of these, 14 were new visits and 170 were follow‐up visits. Eighteen encounters (9.8%) were either no shows or rescheduled, making for 166 encounters with 155 unique patients. Patient and provider responses comprised the following: 94.8% of patient responses reported “quite a bit” or “very much” for the telemedicine visit being a good experience; 63.1% of patient responses reported “quite a bit” or “very much” for interest in using telemedicine visits in the future; and 83.9% of provider responses reported “quite a bit” or “very much” for the patient's main problem being addressed by the visit. Providers were more likely to prefer an in‐person visit for a new or worsening problem versus a stable/improving problem. The most common services provided were medication prescription/titration and education/counseling. The least common services provided were making of new diagnoses, ordering interventional procedures, and making referrals.ConclusionTelemedicine visits were well received by both patients and providers in a cancer rehabilitation medicine clinic setting. However, in the case of a new or worsening problem, satisfaction declined. These data support that telemedicine visits should be considered essential as part of comprehensive cancer rehabilitation care, especially during a public health crisis.
Exploration of key residues and conformational change of anti‐terminator protein GlpP for ligand and RNA binding
Authors: Chen Qiaoqing , Cui Wenjing , Zhou Zhemin , Han Laichuang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAnti‐terminator protein GlpP regulates gene expression of glycerol uptake operon at post‐transcriptional level in a number of bacteria. By now, the molecular dynamics details of ligand and RNA binding by GlpP are still obscure. In this study, we employed the molecular dynamic (MD) simulation and constructed a functional verification platform of GlpP to resolve these puzzles. By combining molecular docking, MD simulation and alanine scanning mutagenesis, a ligand binding pocket consisting of R14, R104 and R157 was identified. Among these residues with positive charge, R14 was dominant for binding glycerol‐3‐phosphate (G3P). Moreover, the “parallel to crossed” conformational change of the predicted RNA binding region was observed in MD simulation. In this process, the interaction between R104 and E129 was crucial to trigger the conformational change. To further verify this speculation, three ligand independent mutants were obtained by error‐prone PCR. The MD simulation indicated that the conformational change happened in all the three mutants, confirming the “parallel to crossed” conformational change endowed GlpP the activity of binding RNA. In recent years, as a potable biological part, anti‐terminator was more and more widely used to regulate gene expression in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. The work in this study deepened our understanding to the typical anti‐terminator GlpP, contributing to the further engineering and application of this type of regulator.
The representation of winter Northern Hemisphere atmospheric blocking in ECMWF seasonal prediction systems
Authors: Davini Paolo , Weisheimer Antje , Balmaseda Magdalena , Johnson Stephanie J. , Molteni Franco , Roberts Christopher D. , Senan Retish , Stockdale Timothy N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe simulation and prediction of winter Northern Hemisphere atmospheric blocking in the seasonal prediction systems from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is analysed. Blocking statistics from the operational November‐initialised seasonal hindcasts are evaluated in three generations of models: System3, System4, and System5 (SEAS5). Improvements in the climatological representation of blocking are observed in the most recent model configurations, with reduced bias over North Pacific and Greenland. Minor progress is seen over the European sector, where SEAS5 still underestimates the observed blocking frequency. SEAS5 blocking interannual variability is underestimated too and is proportional to the climatological frequency, highlighting that a negative bias in the blocking frequency implies an underestimation of the interannual variance. SEAS5 predictive skill and signal‐to‐noise ratio remain low, but interesting positive results are found over Western and Central Europe. Improved forecasts with reduced ensemble spread are obtained during El Niño years, especially at low latitudes. Complementary experiments show that the statistics of blocking are improved following atmospheric and oceanic resolution increase. Conversely, they remain largely insensitive to coupled model sea‐surface temperature (SST) errors. On the other hand, the implementation of stochastic parameterisations tends to displace blocking activity equatorward. Finally, by comparing seasonal hindcasts with climate runs using the same model, we highlight that the largest contributors to the chronic underestimation of blocking are persistent errors in the atmospheric model. It is also shown that SST errors have a larger impact on blocking bias in climate runs than in seasonal runs, and that increased ocean model resolution contributes to improved blocking more effectively in climate runs. Seasonal forecasts can thus be considered a suitable test‐bed for model development targeting blocking improvement in climate models.
Robot‐assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty under local anaesthesia for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a retrospective, clinical, non‐randomized, controlled study
Authors: Shi Bin , Hu Lei , du Hailong , Zhang Jian , Zhao Wen , Zhang Lihai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearch and designA retrospective, clinical, non‐randomized, controlled study.ObjectiveTo evaluate the application of a new spinal navigation robot on percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) under local anaesthesia.MethodsThe result of inserting the puncture needle into the simulated pedicle was observed in vitro. Thirty patients with thoracolumbar fractures were enrolled. The basic data, operation‐related data and clinical effect scores were recorded. The learning curve of robot‐guided surgery was analysed.ResultsThe maximum yaw angle of the puncture needle implanting into the simulated pedicle is 0.5°. The operation time (33.93 ± 5.97 min vs. 53.75 ± 14.08 min, p = 0.000) and the average X‐ray exposure time (31.43 ± 4.93 s vs. 54.69 ± 2.15 s, p = 0.000) was significantly less in the robot group. The surgeons quickly mastered the technique of robot‐guided pedicle puncture after three surgeries.ConclusionsRobot‐assisted PVP could performed under local anaesthesia with the new robot.
Enantioselective environmental behavior of the chiral fungicide mandipropamid in four types of Chinese soil
Authors: Han Jiahua , Chen Ye , Liu Zhengyi , Chen Dan , Zhang Kankan , Hu Deyu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEnantioselective degradation behavior of mandipropamid, and factors affecting its degradation and metabolites in four types of Chinese soil were investigated in this work. The results showed that the enantiomeric selectivity values ranged from 0.025 to 0.170, indicating that enantioselectivity was found in the degradation process of the racemate in all of the soil samples and that the R‐(−)‐enantiomer was preferentially degraded. The degradation compounds formed faster in native alkaline soils (half‐lives = 35.5–39.80 d) than in native acidic soils (half‐lives = 51.3–77.90 d). The half‐lives of the R‐(−)‐enantiomer and S‐(+)‐enantiomer were 35.5–73.7 and 37.5–77.9 d, 66.6–97.6 and 70.0–103.5 d, and 52.5–110.0 and 66.0–144.4 d in the four types of soil under native, sterilized, and organic matter‐removed conditions, respectively, which indicated that mandipropamid degradation can be attributed to microbial activity and the organic matter content in the soil. Furthermore, the half‐lives of the R‐(−)‐enantiomer and S‐(+)‐enantiomer decreased 1.07–1.95 and 1.08–1.79 times with each 10 °C increase in incubation temperature, and the half‐lives of the R‐(−)‐enantiomer and S‐(+)‐enantiomer decreased 1.09–1.43 and 1.06–1.50 times with increasing moisture content. However, the incubation temperature and soil moisture did not change the enantioselectivity. Mandipropamid enantiomers were observed to be configurationally stable in the selected soil, and no interconversion was found during the incubation of enantiopure R‐(−)‐mandipropamid or S‐(+)‐mandipropamid in native or sterilized soil. During the degradation process, four major metabolites were detected. In comprehensive consideration of the environmental behavior, the enantioselective degradation results should be considered to more accurately assess the risk of this chiral pesticide in a real environment.
Biocomposites of PLA and Mango Seed Waste: Potential Material for Food Packaging and a Technological Alternative to Reduce Environmental Impact
Authors: Lima Edla Maria Bezerra , Middea Antonieta , Neumann Reiner , Thiré Rossana Mara da Silva Moreira , Pereira Jéssica Fernandes , de Freitas Sidinea Cordeiro , Penteado Marília Stephan , Lima Aline Muniz , Minguita Adriana Paula da Silva , Mattos Mariana da Costa , Teixeira Alessandra da Silva , Pereira Ingrid Cristina Soares , Rojas dos Santos Natália Rodrigues , Marconcini José Manoel , Oliveira Renata Nunes , Corrêa Ana Carolina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMango seeds from agro‐industry represents an environmental problem due to the amounts of by‐products produced. Conversely, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a potential green alternative to conventional plastics. The goal of this study aimed to develop a biocomposite based on PLA and mango’s by‐product for rigid packaging. Six biocomposites are obtained by extrusion/injection processing using formulations with PLA as a matrix and up to 20% by weight of mango seed’s by‐products. The materials are characterized by chemical and physical analysis; scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray, X‐ray diffraction; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); thermal gravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetry; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical analysis. FTIR bands and DSC transitions related to starch are higher in the kernel, while more cellulose bands are found in the integument. Kernel presented thermal degradation in the biocomposites, the sample PLA+20 wt% kernel. For the other compositions, it is possible to observe that they could keep their morphology. Significant improvements in both mechanical and barrier properties are found in the formulation with 20 wt% integument (up to 38% in elastic modulus). Therefore, this study suggests that biocomposites developed from PLA / Integument / Kernel have potential as a new biomaterial for rigid food packaging systems.
Low cost effective heterogeneous photo‐Fenton catalyst from drinking water treatment residuals for reactive blue 19 degradation: Preparation and characterization
Authors: Laib Salima , Rezzaz‐Yazid Hynda , Yatmaz Hüseyin Cengiz , Sadaoui Zahra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFour different catalysts from drinking water treatment residuals (DWTR) were prepared via impregnation in the iron nitrate, calcined at different temperatures ranged from 200°C to 500°C, and tested for the reactive blue 19 oxidation using the heterogeneous photo‐Fenton, under UVA light source. XRD and XPS results revealed that iron nature was found under a ferric oxide form (Fe3+) similar to the magnetite. Calcination temperature results showed a significant effect on the activity of the catalysts. RB19 and TOC removals were 99% and 79%, respectively, with the best catalyst that calcined at 500°C in optimal conditions as follows: initial pH solution = 3, 10 mM of H2O2 dosage, 0.5 g/L of catalyst loading, reaction temperature 35°C, and IUVA = 3.55 MW/cm2 for 50 mg/L of RB19. The reusability of the catalyst after three cycles showed complete removal of RB19 and 65% TOC removal.Practitioner points

Synthetized heterogeneous photo‐Fenton catalyst from drinking water treatment residuals for the photo Fenton oxidation.
The calcination temperatures plays a crucial role in catalyst photocatalytic activity.
Degradation of reactive blue 19 with Fe/DWTR‐500 in presence of H2O2.
The Fe/DWTR‐500 catalyst exhibited the best photocatalytic activity.
Reusability studies of Fe/DWTR‐500 and the kinetics of reactive blue 19 degradation were investigated.
Zugangswege und Fixation kindlicher Schenkelhalsfrakturen – transglutealer Zugang
Authors: Ziebarth Kai , Kaiser Nadine , Slongo Theddy 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Die Hüftkopfzirkulation schonende, anatomische Reposition und sichere Stabilisierung von Schenkelhalsfrakturen im Kindesalter über einen transglutealen Zugang.

Indikationen
Intra-extraartikuläre proximale Femurfrakturen (Schenkelhalsfrakturen) AO 31-M/2.1 I‑III; 31-M/3.1 I‑III; 31-M/3.2 I‑III.

Kontraindikationen
Keine.

Operationstechnik
Präparation eines Muskellappens durch Ablösen des proximalen M. vastus lateralis inklusive des anterolateralen Anteils des M. glutaeus medius vom proximalen Femur respektive Trochanter major. Ablösen des glutaeus minimus von der Gelenkkapsel und Weghalten nach dorsal, ohne die Insertion des Muskels vollständig abzulösen. Die anterolaterale Gelenkkapsel kann nun vollständig exponiert werden. Arthrotomie der Gelenkkapsel und Darstellen des Schenkelhalses. Unter Sicht nun vorsichtige, kontrollierte Reposition der Fraktur unter Schutz der retinakulären Gefäße.

Weiterbehandlung
Mobilisation an Gehstöcken. Abstellen des Fußes erlaubt. Zur vollständigen Anheilung der Hüftabduktoren sollte eine aktive Abduktion sowie passive Adduktion für 4 bis 6 Wochen (je nach Alter des Patienten) vermieden werden.

Ergebnisse
In der eigenen Klink zeigten sich in den letzten 10 Jahren exzellente Ergebnisse bei 29 Patienten nach Behandlung von kindlichen Schenkelhalsfrakturen mit diesem Operationszugang. Eine operationsbedingte Femurkopfnekrose trat nicht auf.
Density–orientation coupling for a microcontinuum approach to nematic liquid crystals subject to electric field
Authors: Romeo Maurizio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA microcontinuum description of compressible liquid crystals is examined accounting for a constitutive model based on mass microdensity. As a first point, we discuss the effectiveness of the micropolar theory on compressible continua, which is limited to static problems. Then, by a micromorphic representation of mass density, we show the consistence of some classical constitutive models for compressible nematic liquid crystals and remark their connection with the microinertia tensor. After the analysis of a constitutive micropolar model, we discuss a static problem for a layer of compressible nematic liquid crystal in a planar configuration. The effects of an applied electric potential are considered remarking the coupling of density distribution with the molecular orientation.
Medial collateral ligament reconstruction graft isometry is effected by femoral position more than tibial position
Authors: Kittl Christoph , Robinson James , Raschke Michael J. , Olbrich Arne , Frank Andre , Glasbrenner Johannes , Herbst Elmar , Domnick Christoph , Herbort Mirco 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the length change patterns of the native medial structures of the knee and determine the effect on graft length change patterns for different tibial and femoral attachment points for previously described medial reconstructions.MethodsEight cadaveric knee specimens were prepared by removing the skin and subcutaneous fat. The sartorius fascia was divided to allow clear identification of the medial ligamentous structures. Knees were then mounted in a custom-made rig and the quadriceps muscle and the iliotibial tract were loaded, using cables and hanging weights. Threads were mounted between tibial and femoral pins positioned in the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the attachment sites of the native superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL). Pins were also placed at the attachment sites relating to two commonly used medial reconstructions (Bosworth/Lind and LaPrade). Length changes between the tibiofemoral pin combinations were measured using a rotary encoder as the knee was flexed through an arc of 0–120°.ResultsWith knee flexion, the anterior fibres of the sMCL tightened (increased in length 7.4% ± 2.9%) whilst the posterior fibres slackened (decreased in length 8.3% ± 3.1%). All fibre regions of the POL displayed a uniform lengthening of approximately 25% between 0 and 120° knee flexion.The most isometric tibiofemoral combination was between pins placed representing the middle fibres of the sMCL (Length change = 5.4% ± 2.1% with knee flexion). The simulated sMCL reconstruction that produced the least length change was the Lind/Bosworth reconstruction with the tibial attachment at the insertion of the semitendinosus and the femoral attachment in the posterior part of the native sMCL attachment side (5.4 ± 2.2%). This appeared more isometric than using the attachment positions described for the LaPrade reconstruction (10.0 ± 4.8%).ConclusionThe complex behaviour of the native MCL could not be imitated by a single point-to-point combination and surgeons should be aware that small changes in the femoral MCL graft attachment position will significantly effect graft length change patterns. Reconstructing the sMCL with a semitendinosus autograft, left attached distally to its tibial insertion, would appear to have a minimal effect on length change compared to detaching it and using the native tibial attachment site. A POL graft must always be tensioned near extension to avoid capturing the knee or graft failure.
Nonlinear mechanical model of the shaft of a roll forming mill and parameter identification
Authors: Lamprecht Matthias , Koçbay Emin , Leonhartsberger Martin , Vetyukov Yury , Bleicher Friedrich 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRoll forming is a continuous process in which a moving metal sheet passes through numerous pairs of opposing forming rolls. The shafts of the roll forming mill are equipped with these rolls and must be set up and aligned to achieve the required final profile of the sheet. The practically relevant task of predicting the profile geometry of this incremental rolling process with varying characteristics of the metal sheet entering the mill requires an accurate description of the stiffness behavior of the shaft with rolls, which is the most compliant part of the roll forming mill. In this paper, the measured force-deflection characteristic of the shaft without rolls is compared with predictions of various theoretical models, followed by the adoption of the shear deformable beam model of the shaft with nonlinear elastic supports in the bearings. The coefficients of the cubic stiffness characteristics of the rotational springs as well as the effective length between the supports are identified based on the experimental data for the deflections, measured along the shaft for various loading levels. The theoretical predictions are obtained via the nonlinear finite element model of the shaft. The model thus provided shows high accuracy compared with the measurements. The paper’s results serve as a foundation for models to predict the stiffness of shafts with rolls.