bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of CT image quality between the AIDR 3D and FIRST iterative reconstruction algorithms: an assessment based on phantom measurements and clinical images
Authors: Leon Stephanie , Olguin Edmond , Schaeffer Colin , Olguin Catherine , Verma Nupur , Mohammed Tan-Lucien , Grajo Joseph , Arreola Manuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Modern CT iterative reconstruction algorithms are transitioning from a statistical-based to model-based approach. However, increasing complexity does not ensure improved image quality for all indications, and thorough characterization of new algorithms is important to understand their potential clinical impacts. This study performs both quantitative and qualitative analyses of image quality to compare Canon’s statistical-based Adaptive Iterative Dose Reduction 3D (AIDR 3D) algorithm to its model-based algorithm, Forward-projected model-based Iterative Reconstruction SoluTion(FIRST). A phantom was used to measure the task-specific modulation transfer function (MTFTask), the noise power spectrum (NPS), and the low-contrast object-specific CNR (CNRLO) for each algorithm using three dose levels and the convolution algorithm (kernel) appropriate for abdomen, lung, and brain imaging. Additionally, MTFTask was measured at four contrast levels, and CNRLO was measured for two object sizes. Lastly, three radiologists participated in a preference study to compare clinical image quality for three study types: non-contrast abdomen, pulmonary embolism (PE), and lung screening. Nine questions related to the appearance of anatomical features or image quality characteristics were scored for twenty exams of each type. The behavior of both algorithms depended strongly on the kernel selected. Phantom measurements suggest that FIRST should be beneficial over AIDR 3D for abdomen imaging, but do not suggest a clear overall benefit to FIRST for lung or brain imaging; metrics suggest performance may be equivalent to or slightly favor AIDR 3D, depending on the size of the object being imaged and whether spatial resolution or low-contrast resolution is more important for the task at hand. Overall, radiologists strongly preferred AIDR 3D for lung screening, slightly preferred AIDR 3D for non-contrast abdomen, and had no preference for PE. FIRST was superior for the reduction of metal artifacts. Radiologist preference may be influenced by changes to noise texture.
Measurements of free-free absorption in warm dense aluminium
Authors: Hyland C , White S , Kettle B , Irwin R , Bailie D , Yeung M , Williams G , Heathcote R , East I , Spindloe C , Notley M , Riley D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Extreme ultraviolet radiation from a high harmonic source has been used to measure the free-free attenuation coefficient and real refractive index of warm dense aluminium, with sample conditions of near solid density and temperature of 0.9 ± 0.23 eV. These were compared to results from the literature, where the measured attenuation coefficients showed some consistency with the modelling and existing data from a previous experiment. The absolute values of the attenuation coefficient were found to reside between the different sets of models for the warm dense matter (WDM) attenuation coefficient, and were found to be more in line with modelling and measurements of the cold opacity from the literature. Novel measurements of the real refractive index of WDM were also achieved—while ambiguity makes these measurements consistent with all the models, they prove useful as a proof-of-concept for future WDM studies.
Experimental study of the influence of gas puff locations on H-mode boundary plasmas with argon seeding on EAST
Authors: He Tao , Yang Zhongshi , Wang Liang , Li Kedong , Wang Huiqian , Eldon David , Hyatt Alan , Humphreys David , Meng Lingyi , Ding Fang , Wang Yuming , Duan Yanmin , Zhang Ling , Xu Jichan , Luo Yu , Ye Dawei , Chen Xiahua , Yang Qingquan , Nian Feifei , Niu Guojian , Xu Guosheng , Luo Guang-Nan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To investigate the optimal scenario of impurity seeding to obtain divertor plasma detachment for target protection, experiments with Ar&D2 seeding from two different poloidal locations, the upper outer (UO) divertor target and lower outer (LO) target, were carried out on EAST. Partial energy detachment (the electron temperature near the strike point T
e,spt ⩽ 10 eV) were obtained with Ar&D2 mixture puffing from the UO target and, for the first time, from the LO target into H-mode plasmas in the upper single null (USN) configuration. The peak heat flux q
t on the UO target was significantly reduced (by ∼80%). The rollover of ion flux density j
s did not appear probably due to insufficient momentum loss, which is independent of the puff locations. The poloidal asymmetries of particle and heat fluxes on the targets have also been investigated. The UO-dominant asymmetry of particle flux was reversed, while the UO-dominant asymmetry of heat flux was mitigated but not reversed. The plasma confinement dropped by only 14% and 8.2% in the LO-puff case and UO-puff case, respectively, during detachment. The high level of C may contributed greatly to the higher radiation in the bulk plasma region and the greater decline in W
MHD in the LO-puff case.
Feasibility study of novel rapid ramp-down procedure in MgB2 MRI magnet using persistent current switch with high off-resistivity
Authors: Kodama Motomune , Kotaki Hiroshi , Ohara Shinya , Ichiki Yota , Fujita Shinji , Suzuki Takaaki , Tanaka Hideki , Aoki Manabu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dry magnets using high temperature superconductors and MgB2 are attractive options to depart from dependence on liquid helium in MRI scanners. In the dry magnets, however, lack of thermal mass of cryogen makes a controlled quench difficult and extends time for restarting the magnets after the quench. In this study, a novel rapid ramp-down procedure, which can be substituted for the controlled quench in emergency rundown, is proposed, and its feasibility is proven for a 1.5 T whole-body MgB2 MRI magnet. In this procedure, a power supply receives current from a persistent current switch (PCS), the PCS is turned off by heating, the power supply is interrupted by a breaker, and the stored energy in the magnet is mostly consumed at an external resistor. Owing to the large energy margin of MgB2 wires, the AC loss during the ramp-down does not bring a quench of the MgB2 coils. A niobium–titanium sheathed MgB2 wire 0.60 mm in diameter is made, and a PCS with high off-resistivity is designed using this wire. The shunt current during the ramp-down does not bring the burnout of the PCS when the wire length is sufficiently long, typically hundreds of metres. Because heat generation inside the cryostat during the ramp-down is a few per cent of the stored energy in the magnet, the magnet is not heated excessively. As a result, the proposed ramp-down procedure should shorten the downtime of MRI scanners.
Mixed state entanglement classification using artificial neural networks
Authors: Harney Cillian , Paternostro Mauro , Pirandola Stefano 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Reliable methods for the classification and quantification of quantum entanglement are fundamental to understanding its exploitation in quantum technologies. One such method, known as separable neural network quantum states (SNNS), employs a neural network inspired parameterization of quantum states whose entanglement properties are explicitly programmable. Combined with generative machine learning methods, this ansatz allows for the study of very specific forms of entanglement which can be used to infer/measure entanglement properties of target quantum states. In this work, we extend the use of SNNS to mixed, multipartite states, providing a versatile and efficient tool for the investigation of intricately entangled quantum systems. We illustrate the effectiveness of our method through a number of examples, such as the computation of novel tripartite entanglement measures, and the approximation of ultimate upper bounds for qudit channel capacities.
Edge-effects dominate copying thermodynamics for finite-length molecular oligomers
Authors: Poulton Jenny M , Ouldridge Thomas E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A signature feature of living systems is their ability to produce copies of information-carrying molecular templates such as DNA. These copies are made by assembling a set of monomer molecules into a linear macromolecule with a sequence determined by the template. The copies produced have a finite length—they are often ‘oligomers’, or short polymers—and must eventually detach from their template. We explore the role of the resultant initiation and termination of the copy process in the thermodynamics of copying. By splitting the free-energy change of copy formation into informational and chemical terms, we show that, surprisingly, copy accuracy plays no direct role in the overall thermodynamics. Instead, finite-length templates function as highly-selective engines that interconvert chemical and information-based free energy stored in the environment; it is thermodynamically costly to produce outputs that are more similar to the oligomers in the environment than sequences obtained by randomly sampling monomers. In contrast to previous work that neglects separation, any excess free energy stored in correlations between copy and template sequences is lost when the copy fully detaches and mixes with the environment; these correlations therefore do not feature in the overall thermodynamics. Previously-derived constraints on copy accuracy therefore only manifest as kinetic barriers experienced while the copy is template attached; these barriers are easily surmounted by shorter oligomers.
The analytical solutions of Zoomeron equation via extended rational sin-cos and sinh-cosh methods
Authors: Cinar Melih , Onder Ismail , Secer Aydin , Yusuf Abdullahi , Abdulkadir Sulaiman Tukur , Bayram Mustafa , Aydin Huseyin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the nonlinear Zoomeron equation by using the extended rational sin − cos and sinh − cosh methods. We successfully constructed some important solutions such as singular periodic wave, periodic wave, topological, and singular soliton solutions. Using suitable parameter values, we present the numerical simulations to some of the obtained results via the 2- and 3-dimensional graphs. The methods used in this study are efficient and powerful mathematical tools that can be applied in reporting various wave solutions to different nonlinear physical models.
Behavior of fluid flow and heat transfer induced by a stretching surface in the presence of polymers
Authors: Athar Maria , Ahmad Adeel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the effects of polymers on flow of a viscous incompressible fluid induced by a heated, permeable, stretching surface. Our main interest is to investigate the response of skin friction and heat transport in the presence of polymers. In consequence of polymer stretching, an additional stress arises in the equation of motion for the velocity field. The simplest Oldroyd-B model of polymers is used to study polymer presence. A set of equations is derived accordingly and solved numerically by using an iterative scheme. We find that the zero-shear viscosity reduces near the surface because of the polymers’ interaction with the velocity gradients in the boundary layer, but then goes back to zero-shear viscosity on moving away from the plate. Reduction in skin friction and heat flux is also noticed as a result of polymer addition in the base fluid. Dependence of this reduction on different parameters is also investigated.
Uq(sln)

web models and

Zn

spin interfaces
Authors: Lafay Augustin , Gainutdinov Azat M , Jacobsen Jesper Lykke 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This is the first in a series of papers devoted to generalisations of statistical loop models. We define a lattice model of

U

q

(

s
l

n

)

webs on the honeycomb lattice, for n ⩾ 2. It is a statistical model of closed, cubic graphs with certain non-local Boltzmann weights that can be computed from spider relations. For n = 2, the model has no branchings and reduces to the well-known O(N) loop model introduced by Nienhuis (Nienhuis 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett.
49 1062). In the general case, we show that the web model possesses a particular point, at q = eiπ/(n+1), where the partition function is proportional to that of a

Z

n

-symmetric chiral spin model on the dual lattice. Moreover, under this equivalence, the graphs given by the configurations of the web model are in bijection with the domain walls of the spin model. For n = 2, this equivalence reduces to the well-known relation between the Ising and O(1) models. We define as well an open

U

q

(

s
l

n

)

web model on a simply connected domain with a boundary, and discuss in particular the role of defects on the boundary.
Linear quadratic problems (On “linear” approaches in nonlinear system theory)
Authors: Răsvan Vladimir 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The term “linear quadratic problem” refers to the problems of dynamics where linear controlled systems are associated with a certain quadratic functional of performance. “Linear” approaches are the approaches that are usually applied to linear systems, e.g. the methods of the integral transforms (Laplace, Fourier), the linear functional analysis and the frequency domain methods. The paper considers some cases where these approaches are applied to nonlinear systems.
Application of electric explosion technologies for protection of mobile marine objects from means of detection and destruction by naval weapons
Authors: Silnikov M.V. , Yakushenko E.I. , Kulakov K.S. , Pomazov V.S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the possibilities of using electric discharge technologies to create sources of acoustic waves in sonar countermeasure systems. Presented are the results of preliminary research works aimed at determining the parameters of acoustic waves generated by electric discharge technologies. The possibility of using electric discharge as a source of acoustic interference for undersea weapon guidance systems is shown.The current situation in the world, the armed conflicts and terrorist threats require ensuring the safety of maritime mobile objects (vessels, ships) from being hit by naval weapons. Today, one of the means of surface or submarine ship destruction is a torpedo weapon. The main means of protection against destruction by torpedo weapons are the ship maneuvering and its sonar countermeasures to the weapon guidance facilities [1]. The methods of sonar countermeasure are divided into passive and active ones [1 – 4]. Active methods are aimed at interfering with guidance systems, interrupting the wake, placing target simulators, etc.
The Choice of Criteria and Methods to Estimate the Quality of the Angular Sensor Based on the Effect of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Bezmen G. V. , Shevchenko A. N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To adjust the stabilization systems that ensure the operation of the angular position or rate sensor based on the effect of nuclear magnetic resonance, it is required to choose the criteria for the quality assessing of sensor’s operation. The article presents the criteria of the quality of the angular sensor operating as a self-oscillation system. It is shown that the accuracy of the angular sensor increases when the proposed criteria are met.
Comparative analysis of 3D convolutional and LSTM neural networks in the action recognition task by video data
Authors: Portsev R.J. , Makarenko A.V. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the present paper a comparative analysis of two architectural neural network approaches (based on 3D convolutional and LSTM) in the recognition of actions on video is made. The problem was being solved on 10 behavior classes separated from the UCF50 dataset. The original neural network architectures were developed and pre-trained. It was found that the network based on 3D convolutions has better generalization ability and is more stable in the training.
Integrated approach to the technology of manufacturing electrostatic gyro rotors
Authors: Filippov A.Yu. , Fedorovich S.N. , Shcherbak A.G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Technological solutions based onthe integrated approach are presented, which optimize the manufacturing process and satisfy the requirements imposed on spherical rotors of electrostatic gyros. System modelingis used to study the main stages of defining the rotor functional parameters and to constructa system of models that determines the coordinated processes of diffusion welding, precision sphere lapping and rotor weight correction. The practical results of rotor manufacturing and the prospects for accuracy enhancing are provided.
Adaptive position observer for moving object
Authors: Hoang T.D. , Pyrkin A.A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a new adaptive observer of the local coordinates of a moving object based on measurements of linear velocity, yaw angle (heading), and distance to a single beacon with known position. The conditions under which the algorithm is asymptotically stable are shown, as well as the states for which a robust estimate is reasonable to be used.
Optimal routing in a problem with constraints and cost functions depending on the task list
Authors: Chentsov A. A. , Chentsov A. G. , Sesekin A. N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A routing problem with precedence conditions and complex cost functions is considered. In this problem, we must choose a starting point, a route (permutation of indices) and a specific trajectory for our process. This trajectory must be consistent with the route. In addition, this route or index permutation defines the sequence of tasks. In addition, the selection of the above route must satisfy the precedence conditions defined by the system of ordered index pairs. These ordered pairs are called address pairs. We consider the additive criterion routing problem. This criterion is natural for the problem of dismantling the system of radiation sources. In this article, we will focus on this engineering problem. In this problem very naturally cost functions arise with a dependency on the list of tasks. Namely, each time the performer touches those and only those sources that were not dismantled at that time. The solution uses widely understood dynamic programming. We build the optimal algorithm for the PC; information about the computational experiment is given.
Method for evaluating innovativeness of an enterprise in the conditions of the digital economy
Authors: Sekerin V. D. , Zaitsev I. A. , Gorokhova A. E. , Zaitseva T. S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article discusses a method for assessing the innovativeness of an enterprise in digital economy, based on the collection of information according to the certain assessment criteria, and also includes a developed mathematical apparatus for calculating the integral index of innovativeness. The article proposes an “Entry-Exit” assessment model.
Leonov’s Method of Nonstationary Stabilization in the Theory of Linear Control Systems
Authors: Shumafov M.M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA brief review on stabilization problem for linear control systems is presented. The statements of Pyragas’ and Brockett’s problems for stabilization of linear control systems by time-delayed feedback control and time-varying static output feedback are given. Leonov’s algorithms of nonstationary stabilization for solutions of Pyragas’ and Brockett’s problems are presented. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the stabilizability of two- and three-dimensional systems are given.
Description of the measuring device mathematical model by the methods of quasinormed spaces
Authors: Zagrebina S. A. , Solovyova N.N. , Goncharov N.S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article contains a description of the measuring device mathematical model by the methods of quasi-normalized spaces. This model serves as an application to the theory of positive degenerate holomorphic groups of operators in Quasi-Sobolev spaces of sequences. This approach is relevant due to the possibility of finding positive solutions or values of the measuring device, which means that it is more consistent with the physical meaning. Indeed, as a rule, we talk about its absence when we get a negative or imaginary value of a quantity that is positive or real in meaning
On problem of optimal observers’ placement on plane
Authors: Galyaev A.A. , Samokhin A.S. , Samokhina M.A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A plane problem for optimization of stationary sensors placement in a threat environment to counteract an evading object is considered. For this purpose, an auxiliary task of constructing locally optimal paths of the evading object for a given configuration of sensors is solved. Integral risk functional is minimized for the evading object. The minimum of this functional is required to be maximized in the task of sensors placement. The paper describes the methods of solving both problems and the results of numerical modeling for the case of 2 sensors: examples of local optimal path maps, and the best found configurations of sensors placement.
Ship Routes Planning Based on Traffic Clustering
Authors: Grinyak V. M. , Shulenina A. V. , Ivanenko Yu. S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This work is about navigation safety of marine traffic at sea areas. In addition to traditional approach of danger situation detection based on vessels approaching, the current paper introduces another metrics derived from kinematic parameters of the vessel to identify whether it follows patterns (rules) of the traffic at a certain sea area. Authors focused their efforts on analyzing existing traffic schemas in order to identify its danger level in general rather than scrutinizing individual cases. Along with the traditional approach of sea traffic schema identifications, we propose an original method of automated identification of sea traffic schemes based on clustering of movement parameters using historical AIS data. For the clustering decomposition subtraction clustering algorithms were considered. The historical AIS data of sea traffic at Tsugaru strait is used for identifying traffic schema and ship routes planning with the model designed under presented research.
Solving data collection tasks in heterogeneous distributed software intensive system using model approach
Authors: Abbas S. A. , Vodyaho A. I. , Zhukova N.A. , Chervontsev M.A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article discusses possible approaches to data collection and information collection in multi-level distributed systems. It is suggested to use model based approach. The requirements to these models are analyzed and the system of models is proposed. The system of models describes the structure and behavior of the observed system in terms of graphs. The resource graph, the data flow graph, the control flow graph, and the query flow graph are used. These graphs are automatically constructed on the basis of information received from the observed system in the form of log files. A virtual machine that implements this approach is proposed.
Information and analytical collective decision-making support using intelligent technologies
Authors: Chernyakhovskaya L.R. , Malakhova A.I. , Nikulina N.O. , Batalova V.I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe issues of organizing collective decision-making support for innovative project teams are considered. Research relevance is justified by the need to reduce the degree of uncertainty in decision-making during the projects set implementation, using accumulated corporate experience and knowledge. A synthesis of the subject area and information systems functionality ontological models is proposed. This will improve the efficiency of information system reengineering and the quality of made decisions, among them during the process of collective decision-making support system development.