bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pro-inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress: Therapeutic Markers for Recurrent Angina Pectoris after Coronary Artery Stenting in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Guo Dianxuan , Zhou Hualan , Hu Youdong , Fang Xiang , Chen Ying 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress are related to severity of angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective:
We evaluated the effects of pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress on recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery stenting in elderly patients.

Methods:
We determined the expression levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), acrolein (ACR), tumour
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), paraoxonase-1
(PON-1), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in elderly
patients with recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery stenting.

Results:
Levels of MDA, ACR, TNF-α and TLR4 were significantly increased (p<0.001), and levels of
SOD3, PON-1, SDF-1α and EPCs were significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the elderly patients with
recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery stenting. MDA, ACR, TNF-α and TLR4 as markers of
oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators may have suppressed SOD3, PON-1, SDF-1α and
EPCs as markers of anti-oxidative stress/anti-inflammatory responses. Oxidative stress and proinflammatory
mediators were important factors involved in recurrent angina pectoris of elderly patients
after coronary artery stenting.

Conclusion:
Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators could be considered as potential noninvasive
prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers for stable recurrent angina and recurrent
unstable angina in elderly patients after coronary artery stenting.
Comparison the Effect of Arbidol Plus Hydroxychloroquine vs Hydroxychloroquine Alone in Treatment of COVID-19 Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Khodashahi Rozita , Naderi Hamidreza , Bojdy Amin , Heydari Ali Akbar , Sani Ashraf Tavanaee , Ghabouli Mohammad Javad , Sarvghad Mohammad Reza , Haddad Mahboubeh , Arian Mahnaz , Jahanian Shahrzad , Mazidi Saeedeh , Pasand Maziar Mortazavi , Hoseini Binyamin , Dadgarmoghaddam Maliheh , Khorsand Ali , Khodashahi Mandana 
Published: January 2021

Background and Aim:
The main challenging issue about coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) is the production of safe and stable vaccines, which is a very long process. Due to the
emergency situation, regular and extensive screening of available and traditional drugs, which are
commonly used for the treatment of similar viral diseases, can be a reasonable option. The present
study aimed to compare the administration of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) plus arbidol to the use of
HCQ alone in the treatment of COVID-19 infection.

Methods and Materials:
This single-blind randomized controlled trial was carried out on a total of
100 patients with COVID-19 referring to the infection ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad,
Iran, in 2020. The patients were randomly assigned to two HCQ alone and HCQ plus arbidol
groups.

Results:
According to the obtained results, hematological parameters, including white blood cell
count, hemoglobin level, lymphocyte count, and platelet count, improved in patients with
COVID-19 after the treatment with both HCQ plus arbidol and HCQ alone (P<0.005). The mean
values of the reduction time of C-reactive protein (CRP) were 4.48±1.24 and 8.22±2.08 days in the
arbidol and HCQ alone groups, respectively, indicating that CRP decreased faster in the arbidol
group than that reported for the HCQ alone group (Z=0.-7.85; P<0.000). The mean scores of hospital
stay were reported as 5.89±2.04 and 9.35±3.72 days in the arbidol and HCQ alone groups, respectively
(Z=-4.31; P<0.005). All the patients in the arbidol group survived, while 6% of the subjects
in the HCQ alone group died. In addition, the drug regimen was not changed for any patient,
and no subject was transferred to the intensive care unit in the arbidol group.

Conclusion:
In summary, the administration of both arbidol and HCQ leads to the improvement of
the hematological parameters. The present study introduced arbidol as an effective treatment for
moderate to severe patients with COVID-19, which not only reduced the time of CRP normalization
level but also decreased the hospitalization duration and mortality compared to those reported
for HCQ.
An Extremely Rare, Atypical and Genetically-undetermined Form of Osteopetrosis
Authors: Tetta Cecilia , Focaccia Marco , Bono Lea , Rimondi Eugenio , Spinnato Paolo 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
Osteopetrosis is an uncommon skeletal disorder characterized by generalized
sclerosis of bones due to defective osteoclast function. A wide variation in clinical severity of
the disease has been observed. Radiographic features and genetic testing are commonly used to diagnose
the condition.

Case Presentation:
In the present study, we present a case of an extremely rare, atypical and genetically-
undetermined form of Osteopetrosis.

Conclusion:
This patient had some clinical and radiological features of craniometaphyseal dysplasia
along with atypical radiological signs of osteopetrosis.
Anterior Knee Pain and Oedema-like Changes of the Suprapatellar Fat Pad: Correlation of the Symptoms with MRI Findings
Authors: Yasemin Kucukciloglu , Ozum Tuncyurek 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The aetiology of anterior knee pain is multifactorial, and any patellofemoral
structure can be the cause of the symptoms.

Introduction:
For the last decades, the suprapatellar fat pad is studied as a potential cause of anterior
knee pain. Since the results in the literature are contradictory, in this study, we tried to reevaluate
the role of the suprapatellar fat pad in the development of anterior knee pain.

Methods:
Total 156 knee MRIs of 150 patients from December 2015 to July 2019 were retrospectively
evaluated by a radiologist for the configuration of the suprapatellar fat pads. The population
was divided into two groups according to the presence of anterior knee pain. Maximum craniocaudal,
anteroposterior and oblique diameters, and relative signal intensity indexes of the suprapatellar
fat pads were measured and compared between the groups. Configurations of the fat pads were recorded,
and measurements of the triangular-shaped and convex posterior bordered suprapatellar fat
pads were compared. A student t-test was used for statistical analysis. Statistically, significant differences
and correlations were defined as p<0.05.

Results:
The diameters and relative signal intensity indexes of the fat pads showed no significant
difference between the groups (p=0.588, 0.744, 0.874, and 0.201, respectively). Anteroposterior
and oblique diameters and relative signal intensity indexes of the suprapatellar fat pads were correlated
with the convex posterior border (p=0.001, 0.003, and 0.000, respectively).

Conclusion:
Oedema-like changes of the suprapatellar fat pad seen at knee MRIs are correlated
with the configuration of the fat pad but are rarely associated with anterior knee pain.
Morphological Changes in Cu2O Nanoshells During Photocatalysis
Authors: Yang Ailing , Wang Lele 
Published: January 2021

Background:
It is meaningful to use semiconductor nanomaterials for degradation of organic compounds under irradiation of solar light.

Introduction:
Nano Cu2O is suitable for visible-light photocatalysis for the narrow band gap (~2.17 eV). However, few focus on the morphology changes of Cu2O in the process of photocatalysis.

Methods:
By two-step addition of reducer, porous Cu2O nanoshells (NSs) with almost 100% hollow structure were synthesized, characterized and used to photocatalyze MO in neutral solution at 30 C in air.

Results:
Cu2O NSs have high adsorption and good photocatalysis rates for MO. After photocatalysis, some new results were observed. Most chemical bonds of MO were broken, but part of sulfur containing group of MO left on the NSs. The morphology of Cu2O NSs was changed and lots of nanodebris was produced. Further experimental results showed some nanodebris was also observed after adsorption-desorption equilibrium (ADE). Without MO and only light irradiation of Cu2O suspension, little nanodebris appeared. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmittance electron microscope (STEM) and high-resolution transmittance electron microscope (HRTEM) proved the composite of the nanodebris is Cu2O. The nanodebris are the nanosheets dropped off from the Cu2O NSs.

Conclusion:
For the porous Cu2O NSs are composed of Cu2O nanosheets with exposed 111 facets, which have strongest adsorption ability for MO and strongest catalysis performance. Light irradiation sped up this interaction and led to the Cu2O nanosheets dropping off from the Cu2O NSs. For the strong interaction between Cu+ and S, part of sulfur containing group of MO left on the NSs after photocatalysis.
The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ogay Vyacheslav , Sekenova Aliya , Li Yelena , Issabekova Assel , Saparov Arman 
Published: January 2021

AtheroscleroAtherosclerosis is a multifactorial and complex disease involving the arterial intima of
the circulatory system. The main risk factors of atherosclerosis are diabetes mellitus, hypertension,
hyperlipidemic states, smoking, mental stress, unhealthy diet, and a lack of physical activity. Recent
studies have shown that dyslipidemia, inflammation and immune cells are involved in all stages of
the development of atherosclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous subset of multipotent
cells that can be isolated from nearly all human organs and tissues, and they possess both regenerative
and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem
cells are able to provide immunosuppressive, regenerative, and atheroprotective effects by reducing
dyslipidemia, inflammation and inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and plaque formation during
the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Based on these beneficial effects, mesenchymal
stem cells are considered a promising alternative therapeutic approach for the effective treatment
of atherosclerosis.sis is a multifactorial and complex disease involving the arterial intima of the circulatory system. The main risk factors of atherosclerosis are diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemic states, smoking, mental stress, unhealthy diet and a lack of physical activity. Recent studies have shown that dyslipidemia, inflammation and immune cells are involved in all stages of development of atherosclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous subset of multipotent cells that can be isolated from nearly all human organs and tissues, and they possess both regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells are able to provide immunosuppressive, regenerative and atheroprotective effects by reducing dyslipidemia, inflammation, and inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and plaque formation during the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Based on these beneficial effects, mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising alternative therapeutic approach for effective treatment of atherosclerosis.
In this review, we summarize the current findings on potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells for preventing and regressing atherosclerosis as well as discuss strategies for improving the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy.

In this review, we summarize the current findings on potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells
for preventing and regressing atherosclerosis as well as discuss strategies for improving the efficacy
of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy.
Current Perspectives on the Role of Nrf2 in 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gong Jiayi , Xu Huaxi 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The antimetabolite, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), is the only chemotherapeutic drug to significantly
improve 12-month survival rates of patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC). However, resistance to 5-FU
is a major obstacle to effective treatment. The mechanism of 5-FU resistance has been discovered but is not fully
known. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of cellular defense against
oxidative and electrophilic stresses, is considered a major factor in 5-FU resistance.

Objective:
The current study was conducted to discuss the role and mechanisms of Nrf2 in 5-FU resistance and
to search for medicines or compounds that can reverse Nrf2-mediated 5-FU resistance.

Methods:
Literature was obtained by defining specific search terms and searching several databases.

Results:
Previous study suggested that overactivation of Nrf2 contributed to 5-FU resistance by regulating
many cytoprotective genes. Interestingly, several medicines and compounds can repress 5-FU resistance mediated
of Nrf2.

Conclusion:
This review describes the major 5-FU-resistance mechanisms of Nrf2 and summarizes the medicines/
compounds that can overcome them.
Clinical Signs, Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections in Infants
Authors: Firouzi Majid , Sherkatolabbasieh Hamidreza , Shafizadeh Shiva 
Published: January 2021

:Certain infectious diseases are common in infants than any other age groups and are associated with morbidities in childhood and adulthood, and even mortality in severe cases. Environment, epidemic and maternal immunity are the main causes of these infections. Early diagnosis using molecular methods and treatment is therefore important to prevent future complications. Vaccines are recommended during infancy and childhood to prevent these infections. This review highlights some of the most commonly reported viral infections in children, their clinical signs, prevention and treatment.
A Review on Identification Methods of Road Friction Coefficient
Authors: Qi Gengxin , Fan Xiaobin , Li Hao 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The development of the tire/road friction coefficient measurement and estimation system has far-reaching significance for the active electronic control safety system of automobiles and is one of the core technologies for autonomous driving in the future.

Objective:
Estimating the road friction coefficient accurately and in real-time has become the leading research direction. Researchers have used different tools and proposed different algorithms and patents. These methods are widely used to estimate the road friction coefficient or other related parameters. This paper gives a comprehensive description of the research status in the field of road friction coefficient estimation.

Method:
According to the current research status of Chinese and foreign scholars in the field of road friction coefficient recognition, the recognition methods are mainly divided into two categories: Cause-based and Effect-based.

Results:
This literature review will discuss the existing two types of identification methods (Cause-based and Effect-based), and the applicable characteristics of each algorithm are analyzed.

Conclusion:
The two recognition methods are analyzed synthetically, and the development direction of road friction coefficient recognition technology is discussed.
Improved Convolutional Neural Network and Heuristic Technique based
on Forecasting and Sizing of Hybrid Renewable Energy System
Authors: Kumar Manish , Kumari Sweta , Sinha Umesh Kumar , Jangir Sunil Kumar , Singh Ajay Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Aims & Objective:
The fast depletion of fossil fuels and the growing awareness of environmental protection has
become a concerning topic. Because of this fact, the researchers are working for a long time to generate electrical energy
sources due to the intermittent nature of unconventional energy sources such as solar, wind geothermal, tidal, and biomass
as a sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly alternative for conventional energy sources. These systems are
interconnected and full-fill demands as well as energy storage, which subsequently formed a complex hybrid renewable
energy system. Hence, forecasting of energy generation, sizing of equipment is essential for the economic feasibility of a
complex hybrid system. Also necessary for the design analysis.

Methodology:
In this research article, the proposed Functional Link Convolutional Neural Network (FLCNN) is applied to
forecast the energy generation from the hybrid solar and wind energy system. Also, the Jaya algorithm has been applied to
find the optimal sizing of the solar and wind based hybrid renewable energy system.

Results & Discussion:
The proposed method is simple in design and implementation, and it also reduces computational
complexity and time. The proposed FLCNN technique has been compared with various other Machine Learning (ML)
methodology, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Random Forest (RF), and Xg-Boost. In sizing, Jaya is
compared with other heuristic techniques such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Cat
Swarm Optimization (CSO).

Conclusion:
The proposed FLCNN and Jaya optimization techniques successfully applied for tasks like energy forecasting
and sizing of the renewable energy system.
Carbapenem Resistance Among Common Enterobacteriaceae Clinical Isolates in Part of North-East India
Authors: Sharma Mohan , Chetia Pankaj , Puzari Minakshi , Neog Nakul , Phukan Upasana , Borah Amrit 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Enterobacteriaceae, the normal dwellers in the human intestine, are commonly
associated with a variety of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. An emerging trend
of antibiotic resistance among these strains is a notable issue globally; a more serious threat is the resistance
against the available last resort antibiotics- the carbapenems.

Objective:
The objective of our study was intended to determine the burden of resistance towards
common antibiotic classes so as to address the gap of drug resistance prevalence data, among the Enterobacteriaceae
isolates obtained from the health settings in this region.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was done with an inclusion of clinical isolates collected from
varied sources from health settings in upper Assam. The isolates were identified based on standard
methods of morphology study and biochemical tests. The identified isolates were then subjected to antibiotic
susceptibility testing by following the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and the result was
interpreted as per the CLSI guidelines. The resistance of the reported carbapenem-resistant isolates
was confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination using a commercial E-strip
kit.

Results:
Among the enterobacterial isolates Klebsiella spp. accounted for the majority, followed by
Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp., Shigella spp. and others. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was noted
among 67.6% isolates; however, carbapenem resistance was confirmed in 18.9% of the total Enterobacteriaceae
isolates.

Conclusion:
Higher prevalence of resistance towards carbapenems, among the Enterbacteriaceae isolates
of upper Assam seems to be an upcoming threat to the region, limiting the treatment options in
the future.
Importance of Pre-treatment Fractional Anisotropy Value in Predicting Volumetric Response in Patients with Meningioma Treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
Authors: Cesme Dilek H. , Alkan Alpay , Sari Lutfullah , Yabul Fatma , Temur Hafize O. , Aykan Mahmut E. , Seyithanoglu Mehmet H. , Hatiboglu Mustafa A. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The importance of pre-treatment Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters
in determining the response to treatment after radiosurgery in patients with meningioma has
not yet been clearly revealed.

Objective:
This study was conducted to determine tumor volume changes in terms of radiological
response in patients with meningioma treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKR) and to analyze
the relationship between Total Tumor Volume (TTV) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters.
In addition, we investigated whether the response to treatment can be predicted by pre-radiosurgery
DTI findings.

Methods:
Fifty-four patients were assessed using MRI and DTI before and after GKR. Mean Diffusivity
(MD), Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Radial Diffusivity (RD), and TTV of tumour were determined.
Patients with 10% or more decrease in TTV after GKR were classified as group 1 and those
with less than 10% decrease in volume or increase in volume were considered group 2. The relationships
between MD, RD, and FA values and TTV were investigated.

Results:
A decrease of 46.34% in TTV was detected in group 1 after GKR, while TTV increased
by 42.91% in group 2. The lowest pre-treatment FA value was detected in group 1. In addition, after
GKR, FA values showed a significant increase in group 1. MD and RD values increased in both
groups after radiosurgery. There was a negative correlation between pre-treatment FA, RD, and
MD values after radiosurgery.

Conclusions:
Detection of low FA values due to the poor fiber content in meningioma before radiosurgery
may be a guide in predicting the response to treatment. Further studies are required to have
a better understanding of the relationship between pre- and post-treatment follow-up FA values and
tumor volume in determining the efficacy of GKR in patients with meningioma.
Eucalyptus Bark as Source of Bio-oil or Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Leão Alcides L. , Cesarino Ivana , Dias Otávio A. T. , Carnietto Mirela B. , Sain Mohini 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Eucalyptus bark and scraps are generated in the production of mediumdensity
fiberboard (MDF). An approach aiming to add value to such wastes was studied, following
the concepts of circular economy and biomass cascade strategy. Bio-oil and phenolic resin were
produced by pyrolysis from two types of biomass, Eucalyptus bark and MDF waste. As is well
known, conventional phenolic resins are normally obtained from fossil resources. These products
were obtained from the pyrolysis of two types of biomass to reduce environmental waste and dependence
on petroleum-based products.

Objective:
The main objective of the present study was to produce phenolic resin from Eucalyptus
wastes, aiming to reduce the fossil dependence on conventional resins used in the production line
of MDF.

Methods:
Fast pyrolysis and slow pyrolysis were employed for bio-oil and phenolic resin production.
The bio-oil and resins were characterized with standard lab analyses for their physicochemical
properties, while their thermal properties were studied via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Results:
The shear strength of the lap internal bonding of the phenolic resin binders with 19.8% of
bio-oil was 2.09, 1.34, and 1.63 MPa under dry, boiler, and soaked conditions, respectively, which
was acceptable for panel fabrication and can represent a significant saving in terms of fossil resins
and cost reduction.

Discussion:
According to the results, 1 g medium fraction of bio-oils was equivalent to 1.35 g of
conventional phenols, indicating those bio-oils as phenolic structures that could be used as binders.
The bio-oil yields for bark and MDF were 40.9 and 25.1, respectively, which indicate a potential
for replacing the conventional fossil-based phenolic resin.

Conclusion:
The results revealed the possibility of replacing conventional fossil-based chemicals with phenolic resin from renewable resources with similar overall properties, replacing about 1/3 of the conventional resin.