bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Van gedwongen ontslag naar het delen van de pijn: een juridische reflectie
Authors: van Steenbergen Rik 
Published: November 2021

Van gedwongen ontslag naar het delen van de pijn: een juridische reflectie
In dit artikel bespreekt de auteur de voordelen voor zowel werkgevers als werknemers van noodgedwongen tijdelijk minder werken in geval van economische tegenwind boven gedwongen ontslagen. Niet alle werknemers zullen echter een dienovereenkomstige tijdelijke verlaging van hun loon kunnen of willen accepteren. Dat probleem kan echter worden opgelost door een overheidssubsidie. Voor de overheid lijkt het financieel aantrekkelijker te zijn om een dergelijke tijdelijke loonsverlaging aan te vullen in plaats van werkloosheidsuitkeringen te moeten verstrekken. Als grootste obstakel in het realiseren van het voorstel van De Beer om de loonsom automatisch mee te laten bewegen met de omzet zie ik het gebrek aan vertrouwen tussen sociale partners. Dat belet meerjarige afspraken. Ook het verschillend uitpakken van zijn voorstel voor groepen van werknemers is een probleem. De juridische bezwaren hangen daar deels mee samen. Het vergelijkbare voorstel van de SER omzeilt mijns inziens de grootste bezwaren en lijkt daardoor meer kansrijk.
Collectief ontslag in tijden van (economische) crisis
Authors: Jansen Niels , Jaspers Teun 
Published: November 2021

Collectief ontslag in tijden van (economische) crisis
In deze bijdrage onderzoeken auteurs of in de Wmco wel voldoende rekening is gehouden met ontslag in en van de flexibele schil en zo nee, of aanpassing van de Wmco dan gewenst is met het oog op de doelstelling van de Wmco tegen de achtergrond van de huidige flexibele arbeidsmarkt. Daarnaast onderzoeken zij de rol van de overheid bij een collectief ontslag en meer specifiek over de NOW-1 en NOW-2 en de verhouding tot ondernemersvrijheden. De NOW-1 en -2 beperkten namelijk in zekere zin de vrijheid van ondernemingen om beslissingen te nemen over een collectief ontslag en de vraag is hoe die beperkingen ten aanzien van collectief ontslag zich verhouden tot de ondernemersvrijheden.
Individual differences in risk perception and misperception of COVID‐19 in the context of political ideology
Authors: Weil Audrey M. , Wolfe Christopher R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has been characterized by misinformation, politicization of public health, and extreme differences in risk assessment. In two studies, we sought to understand factors that contribute to differences in people's understanding of the virus and associated risks. We found that conservative participants reported higher levels of acceptable risk, have lower risk estimates of activities, and endorsed more misinformation. Participants with personal health risk factors rated COVID‐19 risks as higher, more reflective participants had lower acceptable risk levels, and impulsive participants endorsed more misinformation. In our second study, we also found that reflective participants were more likely to wear a mask, get vaccinated, and maintain social distancing, and that participants judged arguments about COVID‐19 measures largely based on the claim rather than supporting reasons. By clarifying these individual differences, public health experts can more effectively create targeted interventions for at risk populations, and be better prepared for future outbreaks.
Feasibility of T2 Mapping of the Sacroiliac Joints in Healthy Control Subjects and Children and Young Adults with Sacroiliitis
Authors: Francavilla Michael L. , Serai Suraj D. , Brandon Timothy G. , Biko David M. , Khrichenko Dmitry , Nguyen Jie C. , Xiao Rui , Chauvin Nancy A. , Gendler Liya , Weiss Pamela F. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of T2 mapping for evaluating pediatric SIJ cartilage at 3 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsHealthy control subjects and adolescents with sacroiliitis underwent a 3T MRI dedicated pelvic protocol that included a T2 mapping sequence consisting of multislice, multiecho acquisition. Healthy control subjects were prospectively recruited from our primary care practices as part of a larger imaging study, whereas adolescents with sacroiliitis were recruited specifically for this study. Regions of interest (ROIs) were hand‐drawn by a senior pediatric radiologist twice and a radiology fellow twice to calibrate and test reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). T2 relaxation time between control subjects and cases was compared using univariate linear regression. We tested the association of T2 relaxation time in adolescents with sacroiliitis with patient‐reported outcomes and the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada sacroiliac joint (SIJ) inflammation and structural scores using Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsFourteen subjects were evaluable (six control subjects: median age 13.7 years [interquartile range (IQR): 12.2‐15.5], 67% male patients; eight cases: median age 17.4 years [IQR: 12.5‐20], 88% male patients]. Acquisition time for T2 mapping sequences was approximately 6 minutes, and segmenting the ROI for each SIJ took approximately 3 minutes. The intrarater and inter‐rater ICCs were 0.67 and 0.46, respectively, indicating good to fair reliability. There was a trend, albeit statistically insignificant, in longer median T2 relaxation time in cases (43.04 ms; IQR: 41.25‐49.76 ms) versus healthy control subjects (40.0 ms; IQR: 38.9‐48.6 ms). Although not statistically significant, cases with longer T2 relaxation time tended to occur with poorer patient‐reported outcomes. Correlations with the SIJ inflammation and structural lesion scores were weak.ConclusionT2 mapping of the SIJ cartilage in children was feasible and reliable. Larger controlled and longitudinal assessments are needed to assess the validity and utility of these measurements for routine clinical practice and trials.
Transformation of Quasi‐2D Perovskite into 3D Perovskite Using Formamidine Acetate Additive for Efficient Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ding Weigang , Liu Hongli , Zhang Shuai , Qiu Dingding , Li Xianggao , Wang Shirong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPerovskite films have emerged as candidates for light‐emitting diodes on accounts of excellent optical properties and low cost. Construction of quasi‐2D perovskite films by incorporating organic ammonium is an effective method to manufacture a pinhole‐free film with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). However, excess organic ammonium hampers carrier mobility through forming insulating capping layer and facilitates the formation of alow‐dimensional perovskite (n =1 andn =2) phase that accelerates non‐radiative recombination, resulting in poor performance of light‐emitting diodes. In this work, formamidine acetate is added into the quasi‐2D perovskite to modulate the optical and electrical properties of the perovskite films (CsFA‐Ac). Acetate ions are in favor of washing away excess ammonium and formamidine ions are beneficial to increase the formation energy of low‐dimensional (n =2) phase. As a result, the quasi‐2D perovskite is transformed into 3D perovskite. The PLQY of the obtained CsFA‐Ac perovskite films is boosted to 59.9% and carrier mobility is enhanced to 47.3 cm2 V‐1 s‐1. Blue perovskite light‐emitting diode based on the CsFA‐Ac film is endowed with a prominent EQE of 8.8% (average 7.0%) at 477 nm. This work demonstrates a strategy for the development of efficient perovskite light‐emitting diodes.
Activating MoS2 Nanoflakes via Sulfur Defect Engineering Wrapped on CNTs for Stable and Efficient Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Li Deyuan , Zhao Lanling , Xia Qing , Wang Jun , Liu Xiaomeng , Xu Haoran , Chou Shulei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDeveloping efficient cathode catalysts can largely promote the application of Li‐O2 batteries (LOBs). In this work, the core‐shell MoS2−x@CNTs composite is synthesized via a hydrothermal method with annealing and NaBH4 reduction post‐processing, of which the defective MoS2 nanoflakes are homogeneously coated on the 3D carbon nanotube (CNT) webs. It is found that it delivers superior bifunctional catalytic activities toward both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions for LOBs. On the one hand, the charge re‐distribution on MoS2 nanoflakes with sulfur vacancies can be effectively constructed by the surface engineering strategy, remarkably boosting the kinetics of Li‐O2 catalysis. On the other hand, the conductive and high surface area CNT network can facilitate mass transfer and provide enough free space for composite cathodes, accommodating the volume changes caused by the reversible formation and decomposition of discharge products during cycling. More importantly, the unique core‐shell architecture can not only enable fully covering of defective MoS2 nanoflakes on CNT surfaces to avoid the contact between CNTs and electrolyte, distinctly suppressing side reactions, but also realize the exposure of more active sites to fulfill their catalytic properties. This work provides an insightful investigation on advanced catalysts and holds great potential for catalyst structural engineering in LOBs.
High‐Temperature Thermal Transport in Porous Silica Materials: Direct Observation of a Switch from Conduction to Radiation
Authors: Neuhöfer Anna M. , Herrmann Kai , Lebeda Flora , Lauster Tobias , Kathmann Christoph , Biehs Svend‐Age , Retsch Markus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEfficient thermal insulation at high temperatures poses stringent requirements on suitable materials. Low density, porous inorganic structures with pore sizes in the sub‐micrometer range are of particular interest for such materials to control heat conduction. Simultaneously, thermal radiation has to be suppressed, which depends on the optical properties of the constituents. Here, the authors demonstrate a direct observation of the transition from a conduction dominated to a radiation dominated thermal transport mechanism for the case of particulate silica materials at temperatures reaching up to 925 °C. A detailed analysis of the radiative transport through bulk silica as well as solid and hollow silica particles is provided. Optical transparency at high temperatures is the driving force, whereas surface wave modes barely contribute, particularly in case of the insulating particle packings. The existing analytical framework of laser flash analysis is extended to qualitatively describe the radiative and conductive heat transport by two independent diffusive transport models. The analysis provides a better understanding of the challenges to fabricate and analyze efficient thermal insulation materials at high operating temperatures, where multiple heat transport mechanisms need to be controlled.
Atomic Visualization and Switching of Ferroelectric Order in β‐In2Se3 Films at the Single Layer Limit
Authors: Zhang Zhimo , Nie Jinhua , Zhang Zhihao , Yuan Yuan , Fu Ying‐Shuang , Zhang Wenhao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract2D ferroelectrics have received wide interest due to the remarkable quantum states of emerging physics at reduced dimensionality, associated with their exotic properties in high‐performance and nonvolatile functional devices. Here, by combing molecular beam epitaxy synthesis and scanning tunneling microscopy characterization, two metastable phases of layered In2Se3 films: β′‐ and β*‐In2Se3 are reported, which develop different types of in‐plane spontaneous polarizations, thus resulting in different striped morphologies. The anti‐ferroelectric order in β′‐In2Se3 and ferroelectric order of β*‐In2Se3 are identified, respectively, down to the 2D limit by comprehensive investigations of structural and spectroscopic signatures, including the lattice distortion, the spatial profile of images, the formation of domain structure, and the electronic band‐bending by polarization charges at edges. The ferroelectric switching between those two phases are further controlled via applying an electric field generated from the scanning tunneling microscopy tip in a reversible manner. The intriguing tunability between the (anti‐)ferroelectric orders in the 2D limit provides a promising platform for studying the interplay between electronic structure and ferroelectricity in van der Waals materials, and promotes potential development of miniaturized transistors and memory devices based on electric polarizations.
Impact of increased APP gene dose in Down syndrome and the Dp16 mouse model
Authors: Sawa Mariko , Overk Cassia , Becker Ann , Derse Dominique , Albay Ricardo , Weldy Kim , Salehi Ahmad , Beach Thomas G. , Doran Eric , Head Elizabeth , Yu Y. Eugene , Mobley William C 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionPeople with Down syndrome (DS) are predisposed to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid hypothesis informs studies of AD. In AD‐DS, but not sporadic AD, increased APP copy number is necessary, defining the APP gene dose hypothesis. Which amyloid precursor protein (APP) products contribute needs to be determined.MethodsBrain levels of full‐length protein (fl‐hAPP), C‐terminal fragments (hCTFs), and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides were measured in DS, AD‐DS, non‐demented controls (ND), and sporadic AD cases. The APP gene‐dose hypothesis was evaluated in the Dp16 model.ResultsDS and AD‐DS differed from ND and AD for all APP products. In AD‐DS, Aβ42 and Aβ40 levels exceeded AD. APP products were increased in the Dp16 model; increased APP gene dose was necessary for loss of vulnerable neurons, tau pathology, and activation of astrocytes and microglia.DiscussionIncreases in APP products other than Aβ distinguished AD‐DS from AD. Deciphering AD‐DS pathogenesis necessitates deciphering which APP products contribute and how.
The cross‐linked hyperbranched polyamide‐amines: The preparation and its adsorption for Pb(II)
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhu Sining , Xi Chen , Shen Yongqiang , Xiang Yanhong , Zhang Fan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn order to prepare a new adsorbent material for the treatment of waste water containing Pb(II), hyperbranched polyamide‐amines (H‐PAMAMs) were prepared via one‐pot method, then the H‐PAMAMs were crosslinked by epichlorohydrin. The crosslinked hyperbranched polyamide‐amines (C‐H‐PAMAMs) were prepared and characterized. The selective adsorption of coexisting ions shows that the C‐H‐PAMAMs have high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Pb(II). The adsorption characteristics and mechanism of the C‐H‐PAMAMs for Pb(II) were systematically investigated. The results of batch adsorption experiments showed that the maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacity was 180.83 mg/g at pH 4.0 and 318 K. The adsorption process on the C‐H‐PAMAMs was well described by the Langmuir model, which indicated the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the adsorption mechanism of the C‐H‐PAMAMs for Pb(II) was the synergistic chelation of COO and CONH. Four adsorption/desorption recycling tests showed that the the C‐H‐PAMAMs still had a high adsorption capacity for Pb(II).
Determining the best flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foam—Tris(2‐chloroisopropyl) phosphate, expandable graphite, or silica aerogel
Authors: Thong Ya Xuan , Li Xiaodong , Yin Xi Jiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) have great thermal insulating properties such as its low density, low thermal conductivity, and high compressive strength, they have limited usage because pristine PU foams are highly flammable. Therefore, in order to have widespread applications, much attention has been invested in the discovery and study of a vast number of flame retardants. In this work, analysis on the physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of RPUF composites prepared with industrially‐used flame retardants, namely tris(2‐chloroisopropyl) phosphate (also known as TMCP or TCPP) and expandable graphite (EG), together with the highly promoted silica aerogel, was performed. Taking into account the overall performance, it was found that EG was the best among the three flame retardants investigated.
Halloysite/cellulose derivatives‐based bionanocomposites for controlled naproxen delivery
Authors: Borges de Macedo Julia , Bonametti Olivato Juliana , Marini Juliano , Aenishanslin Juliana , Pianaro Sidnei Antônio , Colerato Ferrari Priscileila 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBionanocomposites are biocompatible, biodegradable, low‐toxicity materials inorganic/biopolymer‐based, carrying drugs for controlled delivery. The development of novel materials aiming to improve drug efficacy and reduce its toxicity is a continuous focus of the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, we report the development of an innovative controlled naproxen delivery system. The bionanocomposites are composed of naproxen‐loaded halloysite and ethylcellulose/hydroxypropylmethylcellulose blends produced by the spray drying technique. Chemical modification in the halloysite nanotubes was performed, aiming to improve the ionic interactions with the naproxen. The bionanocomposites drug‐load efficiency and interactions were characterized by physicochemical analysis. We also evaluated the naproxen release and its transport mechanism. Results show an efficient drug loading into halloysite, varying from 70% to 90%. Moreover, the naproxen release was delayed up to four times (compared with raw naproxen), that is, 48 h from nanotubes by Fickian diffusion, and sustained for 60 h from (bio)nanocomposites. The naproxen release from bionanocomposites occurred by several processes as diffusion, polymer swelling, and erosion. Furthermore, no drug was released at simulated gastric fluid, which may reduce the undesirable gastrointestinal effects. The developed bionanocomposites are potential for clinical applications for controlled drug delivery, as naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory, commonly prescribes chronic disease treatment.
Examining the determinants of acceptance and use of mobile contact tracing applications in Brazil: An extended privacy calculus perspective
Authors: Fox Grace , van der Werff Lisa , Rosati Pierangelo , Takako Endo Patricia , Lynn Theo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMobile contact tracing applications have emerged as a potential solution to track and reduce the transmission of viruses such as Covid‐19. These applications require the disclosure of potentially sensitive personal information thus generating understandable implications for personal privacy. This research aims to determine the factors driving acceptance of these applications, with acceptance represented by three distinct variables, namely usage intentions, willingness to disclose personal data, and willingness to rely on health advice. The study examines the influence of perceived privacy, social influence, and benefits on acceptance of contact tracing applications among a sample of 1,114 Brazilian citizens. The study leverages social contract theory to demonstrate the importance of perceived control and perceived surveillance in the formation of individuals' perceptions of privacy. Integrating privacy calculus theory with social contract theory to include reciprocity and social influence, our findings suggest that perceived privacy, reciprocal benefits, and social influence all positively influence individuals' intentions to download or continue the use of contact tracing applications, while intentions to disclose information are influenced by adoption intentions, perceived privacy, and reciprocal benefits and individuals' willingness to rely on contact tracing applications for health advice is influenced by reciprocal benefits and disclosure intentions.
Kalksteinmehl als Betonzusatzstoff – Vorschlag für die Anrechenbarkeit auf den Zementgehalt und Potenzial zur CO2‐Reduktion im Betonbau
Authors: Herget Christian , Müller Anna , Proske Tilo , Rezvani Moien , Graubner Carl‐Alexander 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUm die mit der Betonindustrie verbundenen CO2‐Emissionen deutlich zu reduzieren, ist ein verstärkter Einsatz von Betonzusatzstoffen zur Reduktion des Zementklinkergehalts des Betons anzustreben. Eine Anrechenbarkeit von Betonzusatzstoffen Typ II für die Berechnung des äquivalenten w/z‐Werts und den Nachweis des Mindestzementgehalts ist bereits über den k‐Wert‐Ansatz in DIN EN 206‐1 bzw. DIN 1045‐2 normativ geregelt. Durch eine Erweiterung des Ansatzes auf Kalksteinmehle könnte ein Anreiz geschaffen werden, den Zementklinkergehalt im Beton weiter abzusenken und somit die CO2‐Emissionen deutlich zu reduzieren. Obwohl Kalksteinmehl als Betonzusatzstoff Typ I nahezu inert ist, besteht aufgrund physikalisch‐mechanischer Effekte ein gewisser Beitrag zur Festigkeitsentwicklung von Beton. Nachfolgend wird auf Grundlage von Ergebnissen langjähriger Forschungsarbeiten eine potenzielle Anrechenbarkeit von Kalksteinmehl, basierend auf dem Prinzip der vergleichbaren Leistungsfähigkeit nach DIN EN 1992‐1, für Betone vorgestellt. Als Ergebnis wird für Kalksteinmehl ein k‐Wert von 0,15 bei der Berechnung des Wasserzementwerts sowie eine volle Anrechenbarkeit auf den Mindestzementgehalt vorgeschlagen.
The use of social referencing to teach safety skills to toddlers with autism
Authors: Couger Kathryn , Peterson Pamela , MacDonald Rebecca 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSocial referencing is a chain of behavior where the presence of an ambiguous stimulus evokes a gaze shift from the stimulus to another individual. The other individual's facial expression signals either the availability of reinforcement or punishment. The purpose was to teach two toddlers with autism to discriminate between safe and dangerous stimuli through a social referencing chain. Participants were trained using differential reinforcement and least‐to‐most prompting to gaze shift from an item inside of a lunchbox or a bin to an adult, and to respond differentially based on the adult's facial expression. Results showed acquisition of both the discrimination between safe and dangerous stimuli and the maintenance of a social referencing chain in the presence of unfamiliar stimuli. These findings are discussed as they relate to the implications of teaching socially valid safety skills to toddlers with autism.
Green synthesis, structure feature and energy transfer of yellow‐emitting (Y,Gd)2O2SO4:Dy phosphors
Authors: Yang Xiaolong , Lu Bin , Wang Xinyuan , Sakka Yoshio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA green chemical precipitation route was used to yield a hydrated basic sulfate precursor upon calcination at 1000°C into a series of (Y,Gd)2O2SO4:Dy particles. The phosphors exhibited characteristic Dy3+ emissions from 4F9/2→6HJ (J = 15/2, 13/2, 11/2) transitions under ultraviolet light excitation; the quenching concentration of Dy3+ was determined to be 2.5 at.%. Substitution of Gd3+ for Y3+ led to an additional strong sharp band at ~277 nm (8S7/2→6IJ transition of Gd3+) in the photoluminescence excitation spectra, upon which the (Gd0.975Dy0.025)2O2SO4 phosphor achieved a ~2.8‐fold higher photoluminescence intensity via an effective energy transfer from Gd3+ to Dy3+ compared with the 354 nm excitation of Dy3+. Both the photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation intensities of (Y,Gd)2O2SO4:Dy phosphors increased with rising Gd3+ concentration and calcination temperature in the range 750–1000°C. A higher Gd3+ concentration slightly prolonged the effective fluorescence lifetime.