bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Process Model of Student Feedback on Teaching (SFT): A Theoretical Framework and Introductory Remarks
Authors: Röhl Sebastian , Bijlsma Hannah , Rollett Wolfram 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStudent feedback on teaching in schools, conceptualized as information on student perceptions of teaching, is described by many scholars as an effective instrument for the developmental use of teachers and teaching. Beyond that, various studies show that the productive use of this method is a very complex process in which a variety of aspects must be considered. As an introduction to this volume, this chapter presents a model based on findings from different research areas of feedback and school research, called Process Model of Student Feedback on Teaching (SFT). This model follows the steps of the student feedback process, starting with student perceptions of teaching, which must be professionally collected or measured. Subsequently, the teacher perceives and interprets this feedback information, which is linked to cognitive and affective reactions and processes. This can lead to an enhancement of teachers’ knowledge about their own teaching and to the initiation of improvement-oriented actions, finally resulting in improved teaching and development of the teachers’ professional competence. Thereby, characteristics of the organization, the students, and classes as well as the teachers need to be considered. This model serves as a framework for the subsequent overview of the contributions in this volume.
Relevant Conditions for Teachers’ Use of Student Feedback
Authors: Röhl Sebastian , Gärtner Holger 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBased on the findings from research on organizational feedback and data use in schools, this chapter systematizes relevant factors influencing the use of student feedback by teachers in three domains: (1) personal characteristics of feedback recipients (teachers), (2) characteristics of the organization (school), and (3) characteristics of feedback information (data). We identified teachers’ self-efficacy, attribution styles, goal orientations, and age or professional experience as relevant individual characteristics. In addition, teachers’ attitude toward students’ trustworthiness or competence as a feedback provider appeared to be relevant for the use of student feedback. Beyond that, findings on organizational characteristics for teachers’ successful dealing with feedback pointed to the importance of a feedback culture and organizational safety, leadership, supportive measures, and perceived function of feedback as control vs. development. Furthermore, relevant characteristics of feedback information were identified as comprehensibility, valence, and specificity. Although such findings from other fields of research have been known for some time, studies on student feedback concerning these aspects are rare. Finally, practical measures are derived for each of the three domains in order to increase the use of student feedbacks by teachers.
A Reflection on Student Perceptions of Teaching Quality from Three Psychometric Perspectives: CCT, IRT and GT
Authors: Bijlsma Hannah , van der Lans Rikkert , Mainhard Tim , den Brok Perry 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis chapter discusses student perceptions in terms of three psychometric perspectives that dominate contemporary research on teaching quality, namely, Classical Test Theory (CTT), Item Response Theory (IRT) and Generalizability Theory (GT). These perspectives function as being exemplars for the connection between psychometric theories and the different perspectives on “what a perception is” as well as on how and for what purposes student perceptions should be used. The main message of the chapter is that the choice of a psychometric theory is not merely a technical matter, but also has implications for how the nature of perceptions is conceptualized. After presenting and linking each psychometric theory, their strengths and weaknesses in the context of student perceptions of teaching quality and issues on practical implementations are discussed.
Student Perceptions of Teaching Quality: Dimensionality and Halo Effects
Authors: Röhl Sebastian , Rollett Wolfram 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis chapter deals with the factorial structure of survey instruments for student perception of teaching quality. Often, high intercorrelations occur between different theoretically postulated teaching quality dimensions; other analyses point to a single unified factor in student perceptions of teaching quality, seemingly reflecting a “general impression” instead of a differentiated judgment. At the same time, findings from research on social judgment processes and from classroom research indicate that the teachers’ communion (warmth or cooperation) as well as students’ general subject interest can be important biasing factors in the sense of halo effects in student ratings of teaching quality. After presenting an overview of studies on the dimensionality of various survey instruments, we discuss whether aggregated data is impacted by an overall “general impression”. We confirmed this hypothesis using a sample of N = 1056 students from 50 secondary school classes. Moreover, this general impression could be explained at student and class level to a large extent by students’ perception of the teacher’s communion. Student general subject interest showed a medium effect but only at the individual level. These findings indicate that student perceptions of teaching quality dimensions are indeed influenced by a general impression which can be explained largely by teacher’s communion.
Lymphocyte‐to‐C‐Reactive Protein Ratio as a Novel Marker for Predicting Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Takeuchi Masashi , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Hoshino Shota , Matsuda Satoru , Mayanagi Shuhei , Irino Tomoyuki , Fukuda Kazumasa , Nakamura Rieko , Wada Norihito , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal cancer has a poor prognosis because of its rapid progression and early and extensive lymph node metastasis. Simple, objective indicators for predicting long‐term outcomes are needed to select optimal perioperative treatment and appropriate follow‐up for patients with esophageal cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the lymphocyte‐to‐C‐reactive protein ratio (LCR) and the survival of patients with esophageal cancer, by performing time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The results were compared to those of traditional inflammation‐based markers.MethodsThis study enrolled 495 patients who underwent thoracic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer as the primary treatment between 2000 and 2019 in our department. We investigated the predictability of the LCR for oncological outcomes compared to that of other traditional inflammatory markers.ResultsThe 3‐year overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were 72.6% and 57.5%, respectively. Low LCR was significantly associated with higher cancer stage, included depth of invasion (p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001) and cStage (p < 0.001). The LCR had the highest AUC value (0.675) for predicting OS compared to the other examined inflammatory markers. In multivariate analysis, the LCR (optimal cutoff threshold = 19,000) was identified as a significant predictor of death (hazard ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.61–3.12; p < 0.001) and recurrence (hazard ratio, 1.97; 95%CI, 1.48–2.63; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe LCR is novel indicator for oncological outcomes for patients with esophageal cancer and may assist to facilitate personalized multidisciplinary treatments.
Comparison of the effects between MPL and JAK2V617F on thrombosis and peripheral blood cell counts in patients with essential thrombocythemia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Erpeng , Wang Mingjing , Wang Ziqing , Li Yujin , Wang Xueying , Ming Jing , Xiao Haiyan , Quan Richeng , Liu Weiyi , Hu Xiaomei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo assess the effects between MPL and JAK2V617F on the thrombosis risk and peripheral blood cell counts in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), we identified eligible studies from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Seven studies were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. All studies reported the peripheral blood cell counts of ET patients, and three of them reported the eligible thrombotic events. In comparing the effect of MPL versus JAK2V617F on thrombosis, 1257 ET patients (73 MPL + and 1184 JAK2V617F +) were included. MPL-positive (MPL +) ET patients had a higher risk of thrombosis than JAK2V617F-positive (JAK2V617F +) ET patients [RR = 1.80 (1.08–3.01), P = 0.025]. And 3453 ET patients (138 MPL + and 3315 JAK2V617F +) were included in the comparison of peripheral blood cell counts. Platelet counts of MPL + ET patients were higher than that of JAK2V617F + ET patients [WMD = 81.18 (31.77–130.60), P = 0.001]. MPL + ET patients had lower hemoglobin [WMD =  − 11.66 (− 14.32 to − 9.00), P = 0.000] and white blood cell counts [WMD =  − 1.01 (− 1.47 to − 0.56), P = 0.000] than JAK2V617F + ET patients. These findings indicate that the MPL mutation is a high-risk factor for thrombosis in ET patients, and it may be rational to include MPL mutation in the revised IPSET as a criterion for thrombosis prediction scores. And given the differences in peripheral blood, it is necessary to further study whether MPL + ET patients differ from JAK2V617F + ET patients in bleeding and survival.
Partitioning of Fe2O3 in peridotite partial melting experiments over a range of oxygen fugacities elucidates ferric iron systematics in mid-ocean ridge basalts and ferric iron content of the upper mantle
Authors: Davis Fred A. , Cottrell Elizabeth 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBasalts and peridotites from mid-ocean ridges record fO2 near the quartz-fayalite-magnetite buffer (QFM), but peridotite partial melting experiments have mostly been performed in graphite capsules (~ QFM-3), precluding evaluation of ferric iron’s behavior during basalt generation. We performed experiments at 1.5 GPa, 1350–1400 °C, and fO2 from about QFM-3 to QFM+3 to investigate the anhydrous partitioning behavior of Fe2O3 between silicate melts and coexisting peridotite mineral phases. We find spinel/melt partitioning of Fe2O3 ($${D}_{\mathrm{Fe}2\mathrm{O}3}^{\mathrm{spl}/\mathrm{melt}}$$

D

Fe
2
O
3

spl
/
melt

) increases as spinel Fe2O3 concentrations increase, independent of increases in fO2, and decreases with temperature, which is consistent with new and previous experiments at 0.1 MPa. We find $${D}_{\mathrm{Fe}2\mathrm{O}3}^{\mathrm{opx}/\mathrm{melt}}$$

D

Fe
2
O
3

opx
/
melt

= 0.63 ± 0.10 and $${D}_{\mathrm{Fe}2\mathrm{O}3}^{\mathrm{cpx}/\mathrm{melt}}$$

D

Fe
2
O
3

cpx
/
melt

= 0.78 ± 0.30. MORB Fe2O3 and Na2O concentrations are consistent with a modeled MORB source with Fe2O3 = 0.48 ± 0.03 wt% (Fe3+/ΣFe = 0.053 ± 0.003) at potential temperatures (TP) from 1320 to 1440 °C. The temperature-dependence of the $${D}_{\mathrm{Fe}2\mathrm{O}3}^{\mathrm{spl}/\mathrm{melt}}$$

D

Fe
2
O
3

spl
/
melt

function alone allows ~ 40% of the variation in MORB compositions. If we allow $${D}_{\mathrm{Fe}2\mathrm{O}3}^{\mathrm{opx}/\mathrm{melt}}$$

D

Fe
2
O
3

opx
/
melt

and $${D}_{\mathrm{Fe}2\mathrm{O}3}^{\mathrm{opx}/\mathrm{melt}}$$

D

Fe
2
O
3

opx
/
melt

to also vary with temperature by tying them to spinel Fe2O3 through intermineral partitioning, then all the MORB data are within error of the model. Our model Fe2O3 concentration for the MORB source would require that the convecting mantle be more oxidized at a given depth than recorded by continental mantle xenoliths. Our result is supported by thermodynamic models of mantle with Fe3+/ΣFe = 0.03 that predict fO2 of ~ QFM-1 near the garnet-spinel transition, which is inconsistent with fO2 of MORB. Our results support previous suggestions that redox melting may occur between 200 and 250 km depth.
SARS-CoV-2-assoziierter Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum und Weichteilemphysem. Klinische Implikationen anhand einer Fallserie
Authors: Mykoliuk Iurii , Maier Alfred , Lindenmann Jörg , Smolle-Jüttner Freyja-Maria 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDass 2019 neu aufgetretene Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) bewirkt ein breites Spektrum an Symptomen und Verläufen. Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum und Weichteilemphysem sind seltene Komplikationen im Rahmen pulmonaler Beteiligung. Sie entstehen auf Basis der schweren, virusbedingten Lungenveränderungen und werden durch das Erfordernis hoher Beatmungsdrücke aggraviert. Pneumothorax und ektope Luft in Mediastinum und Weichteilen sind damit Indikatoren für gravierende Lungenschäden. Gerade deshalb müssen auch kleine bzw. multipel rekurrierende Pneumothoraxe durch Drainage therapiert werden.
Affinoid Dixmier Modules and the Deformed Dixmier-Moeglin Equivalence
Authors: Jones Adam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe affinoid enveloping algebra $\widehat {U({\mathscr{L}})}_{K}$

U
(
L
)

̂

K

of a free, finitely generated $\mathbb {Z}_{p}$

ℤ

p

-Lie algebra ${\mathscr{L}}$
L
has proven to be useful within the representation theory of compact p-adic Lie groups, and we aim to further understand its algebraic structure. To this end, we define the notion of a Dixmier module over $\widehat {U({\mathscr{L}})}_{K}$

U
(
L
)

̂

K

, a generalisation of the Verma module, and we prove that when ${\mathscr{L}}$
L
is nilpotent, all primitive ideals of $\widehat {U({\mathscr{L}})}_{K}$

U
(
L
)

̂

K

can be described in terms of annihilator ideals of Dixmier modules. Using this, we take steps towards proving that this algebra satisfies a version of the classical Dixmier-Moeglin equivalence.
Evaluation of timber floor in-plane retrofitting interventions on the seismic response of masonry structures by DEM analysis: a case study
Authors: Gubana Alessandra , Melotto Massimo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe seismic response of existing masonry structures is strongly influenced by floor and roof in-plane properties. A strengthening intervention is often needed for traditional timber floors to overcome their low in-plane stiffness and to preserve historical buildings. In this study, the effects of unreinforced and reinforced timber floors on the seismic behaviour of an existing listed masonry building are investigated with dynamic non-linear analyses by means of the Discrete Element Method (DEM). With this approach, the failure processes and collapse sequences of masonry structures can be captured in detail. A previously developed model of the floor cyclic behaviour, based on experimental data, is applied herein to DEM models of the masonry building. Different seismic ground accelerations, different floor types and different floor-to-wall connections are considered. The results highlight the effectiveness of the analysed floor strengthening solution in reducing the out-of-plane displacements of masonry walls. With adequate connections, the reinforced floor is able to transfer the seismic forces to the shear-resistant walls up to the shear-sliding collapse of the structural sidewalls. A comparison with the ideal rigid diaphragm case confirms the good performance of the strengthened floors. The small observed out-of-plane displacements are compatible with the masonry wall capacity, and the reinforced floor hysteretic cycles contribute to dissipate part of the input energy. Moreover, different designs of the connections can also cap the transferred seismic forces to an acceptable level for shear-resistant walls.
Coronary CT angiography derived FFR in patients with left main disease
Authors: Riedl Katharina A. , Jensen Jesper M. , Ko Brian S. , Leipsic Jonathon , Grove Erik L. , Mathiassen Ole N. , Bøtker Hans Erik , Nørgaard Bjarne L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe presence of left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome. The clinical utility of FFRCTtesting for non-invasive physiological assessment in LMCAD remains largely unknown. In this single center observational study LMCAD patients were retrospectively identified between November 2015 and December 2017. We evaluated the relationship between LMCAD diameter stenosis and downstream FFRCTvalues, and the clinical consequences following FFRCTtesting in patients with LMCAD. The composite endpoint (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, unplanned revascularization) was determined over a median follow-up of 1.1 years. LMCAD was registered in 432 of 3202 (13%) patients having coronary CTA. FFRCTwas prescribed in 213 (49%), while 59 (14%) patients were referred directly to invasive angiography or myocardial perfusion imaging. FFRCTwas performed in 195 (45%) patients. LM stenosis severity was inversely related to downstream FFRCTvalues. In patients with simple LMCAD with stenosis ≥ 50%, > 80% had FFRCT> 0.80 in non-diseased proximal and downstream segments (n = 7). No patients with simple LMCAD and FFRCT > 0.80 (n = 20) suffered an adverse clinical outcome. FFRCTtesting in patients with LMCAD is feasible. LM stenosis severity is inversely related to FFRCTvalue. Patients with LMCAD and FFRCT > 0.80 have favorable clinical outcomes at short-term follow-up. Large-scale studies assessing the clinical utility and safety of deferring invasive catheterization following FFRCTtesting in patients with LMCAD are warranted.
Competition effects in EU external aid supply tenders funded with the Pre-accession and Neighbourhood instruments
Authors: García Lafuente Luis Mario , Mochón Sáez Asunción 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates empirically the competition effects on procurement costs for Europe Aid funded supply tenders in countries benefiting from the EU Pre-accession (IPA) and Neighbourhood (ENI) financial instruments. We use a dataset created and curated by us from supply tender dossiers published by Europe Aid. We determine a reference price for each procured lot based on the contracting authority’s requirement to establish a participation tender guarantee. We estimate controlling for potential endogeneity how the entry of new bidders in the tendering procedure affects procurement cost savings regarding this reference price. Finally, we discuss the expected additional savings in the management of these funds that may be obtained by further promoting competition.
Derivational Complexity and Context-Sensitive Rewriting
Authors: Lucas Salvador 
Published: August 2021

AbstractContext-sensitive rewriting is a restriction of rewriting where reduction steps are allowed on specific arguments $$\mu (f)\subseteq \{1,\ldots ,k\}$$

μ
(
f
)
⊆
{
1
,
…
,
k
}

of k-ary function symbols f only. Terms which cannot be further rewritten in this way are called $$\mu $$
μ
-normal forms. For left-linear term rewriting systems (TRSs), the so-called normalization via$$\mu $$
μ
-normalization procedure provides a systematic way to obtain normal forms by the stepwise computation and combination of intermediate $$\mu $$
μ
-normal forms. In this paper, we show how to obtain bounds on the derivational complexity of computations using this procedure by using bounds on the derivational complexity of context-sensitive rewriting. Two main applications are envisaged: Normalization via $$\mu $$
μ
-normalization can be used with non-terminating TRSs where the procedure still terminates; on the other hand, it can be used to improve on bounds of derivational complexity of terminating TRSs as it discards many rewritings.
Yesterday’s Work–Home Conflict and Actigraphically Recorded Sleep-Onset Latency as Predictors of Today’s Cognitive Failure
Authors: Kottwitz Maria Undine , Wehrt Wilken , Gerhardt Christin , Augusto Coelho Diana , Schmutz Damian , Elfering Achim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCognitive failures are errors in routine action regulation that increase with higher mental demands. In particular, in occupations where guidance such as teaching or supervision is essential, cognitive failures harm one’s performance and also negatively impact knowledge transfer. The aim of this study is to investigate yesterday’s work–home conflict (WHC) and objectively assessed sleep-onset latency as antecedents of a next-day increase in cognitive failures. Fifty-three teachers were assessed during a working week, in the morning, after work, and in the evening on each working day, as well as on Saturday morning. Sleep-onset latency was assessed with ambulatory actimetry. The multi-level analyses showed both WHC and sleep-onset latency predict cognitive failures the next working day (controlling for cognitive failures from the previous day, sleep quantity, and leisure time rumination until falling asleep). However, there was no association between yesterday’s WHCs and the nightly sleep-onset latency. Thus, nightly sleep-onset latency did not mediate the effects of yesterday’s WHCs on today’s cognitive failures. Our results highlight the importance of sleep and a good work–life balance for daily cognitive functioning. In order to promote the cognitive functioning of employees as well as occupational safety, good working conditions and recovery should both be considered.
Inhibitory Mechanisms in the Processing of Negations: A Neural Reuse Hypothesis
Authors: Beltrán David , Liu Bo , de Vega Manuel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNegation is known to have inhibitory consequences for the information under its scope. However, how it produces such effects remains poorly understood. Recently, it has been proposed that negation processing might be implemented at the neural level by the recruitment of inhibitory and cognitive control mechanisms. On this line, this manuscript offers the hypothesis that negation reuses general-domain mechanisms that subserve inhibition in other non-linguistic cognitive functions. The first two sections describe the inhibitory effects of negation on conceptual representations and its embodied effects, as well as the theoretical foundations for the reuse hypothesis. The next section describes the neurophysiological evidence that linguistic negation interacts with response inhibition, along with the suggestion that both functions share inhibitory mechanisms. Finally, the manuscript concludes that the functional relation between negation and inhibition observed at the mechanistic level could be easily integrated with predominant cognitive models of negation processing.
Fundamental solutions and Hadamard states for a scalar field with arbitrary boundary conditions on an asymptotically AdS spacetimes
Authors: Dappiaggi Claudio , Marta Alessio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe consider the Klein-Gordon operator on ann-dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime (M,g) together with arbitrary boundary conditions encoded by a self-adjoint pseudodifferential operator on∂Mof order up to 2. Using techniques fromb-calculus and a propagation of singularities theorem, we prove that there exist advanced and retarded fundamental solutions, characterizing in addition their structural and microlocal properties. We apply this result to the problem of constructing Hadamard two-point distributions. These are bi-distributions which are weak bi-solutions of the underlying equations of motion with a prescribed form of their wavefront set and whose anti-symmetric part is proportional to the difference between the advanced and the retarded fundamental solutions. In particular, under a suitable restriction of the class of admissible boundary conditions and setting to zero the mass, we prove their existence extending to the case under scrutiny a deformation argument which is typically used on globally hyperbolic spacetimes with empty boundary.