bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficient Medium-Term Wind Speed Prediction System using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Sankar Sasirekha , Amudha S. , Madhavan P. , Lamba Dev Krishna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
With the day by day exhausting nonrenewable resources, it becomes crucial to focus on the renewable sources of energy and to get the maximum output from them. Wind energy is a major source of energy in many parts of India. Other such renewable sources of energy are solar energy, biomass energy etc. Our major objective during this project was to predict the wind speed for medium-term so as to help wind farms in channelizing the wind energy in an efficient manner and to get the maximum throughput from the wind farms.
Temporary mechanized gate roof support in the YapiTec mine
Authors: Korski J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For more than sixty years in all the world are trials of gateroad temporary mechanized roof supports in mechanized development operation have been conducted unsuccessfully. A case study - temporary mechanized gateroad roof support implemented in one of the entrances/drifts development in the turkish coal mine Yapi Tec Maden from the construction to 12-month practical experiences in practical use as described in the article. The review of gateroad roof support for different purposes is presented in article as a background or circumstances for the described case study. The YapiTec trial of the company own temporary mechanized gateroad roof support is discussed in comparison with second mechanized gateroad face without temporary mechanized roof support and same mining conditions during comparable time.
Tests of electric properties of supply-control system of mining floor-loader
Authors: Niedworok A , Lesiak K , Orzech Ł , Talarek M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tests of electric properties of the supply-control system designed for a floor-loader operated in underground mine workings, are presented in the article. The tests included functionality of the machine power electronics systems, consisting of the inverter controlling the induction motor and the charger of lithium-ion battery. The tests were concentrated on a verification of functional correctness of the system managing an operation of the battery (BMS) and its collaboration with the superordinated floor-loader control system. The obtained test results enabled to verify the accepted technical and functional assumptions of the supply-control system as well as to confirm a possibility of its safe operation in underground conditions (including the zones where an explosion hazard occurs). The supply-control system of the floor-loader is developed within the framework of the HYDKOM 75 project number POIR.04.01.02-00-0102/16, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.
Predicting Sex-Specific Nonfatal Suicide Attempt Risk Using Machine Learning and Data From Danish National Registries
Authors: Gradus Jaimie L , Rosellini Anthony J , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Jiang Tammy , Street Amy E , Galatzer-Levy Isaac , Lash Timothy L , Sørensen Henrik T 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Suicide attempts are a leading cause of injury globally. Accurate prediction of suicide attempts might offer opportunities for prevention. This case-cohort study used machine learning to examine sex-specific risk profiles for suicide attempts in Danish nationwide registry data. Cases were all persons who made a nonfatal suicide attempt between 1995 and 2015 (n = 22,974); the subcohort was a 5% random sample of the population at risk on January 1, 1995 (n = 265,183). We developed sex-stratified classification trees and random forests using 1,458 predictors, including demographic factors, family histories, psychiatric and physical health diagnoses, surgery, and prescribed medications. We found that substance use disorders/treatment, prescribed psychiatric medications, previous poisoning diagnoses, and stress disorders were important factors for predicting suicide attempts among men and women. Individuals in the top 5% of predicted risk accounted for 44.7% of all suicide attempts among men and 43.2% of all attempts among women. Our findings illuminate novel risk factors and interactions that are most predictive of nonfatal suicide attempts, while consistency between our findings and previous work in this area adds to the call to move machine learning suicide research toward the examination of high-risk subpopulations.
Global Commitments to Conserving and Monitoring Genetic Diversity Are Now Necessary and Feasible
Authors: Hoban Sean , Bruford Michael W , Funk W Chris , Galbusera Peter , Griffith M Patrick , Grueber Catherine E , Heuertz Myriam , Hunter Margaret E , Hvilsom Christina , Stroil Belma Kalamujic , Kershaw Francine , Khoury Colin K , Laikre Linda , Lopes-Fernandes Margarida , MacDonald Anna J , Mergeay Joachim , Meek Mariah , Mittan Cinnamon , Mukassabi Tarek A , O'Brien David , Ogden Rob , PALMA-SILVA Clarisse , Ramakrishnan Uma , Segelbacher Gernot , Shaw Robyn E , Sjögren-Gulve Per , Veličković Nevena , Vernesi Cristiano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlobal conservation policy and action have largely neglected protecting and monitoring genetic diversity—one of the three main pillars of biodiversity. Genetic diversity (diversity within species) underlies species’ adaptation and survival, ecosystem resilience, and societal innovation. The low priority given to genetic diversity has largely been due to knowledge gaps in key areas, including the importance of genetic diversity and the trends in genetic diversity change; the perceived high expense and low availability and the scattered nature of genetic data; and complicated concepts and information that are inaccessible to policymakers. However, numerous recent advances in knowledge, technology, databases, practice, and capacity have now set the stage for better integration of genetic diversity in policy instruments and conservation efforts. We review these developments and explore how they can support improved consideration of genetic diversity in global conservation policy commitments and enable countries to monitor, report on, and take action to maintain or restore genetic diversity.
Providing Social Care following Release from Prison: Emerging Practice Arrangements Further to the Introduction of the 2014 Care Act
Authors: Robinson Louise , Tucker Sue , Hargreaves Claire , Roberts Amy , Shaw Jennifer , Challis David 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although prisoners have significant care needs and are particularly vulnerable following release, there have been longstanding concerns about their social care. Among its provisions, the 2014 Care Act defined the responsibilities of local authorities for identifying and meeting the social care needs of prisoners. Here, we report the findings of a national survey of local authorities undertaken in 2016, which explored the early arrangements put in place following the Care Act for prisoners on release. Eighty-eight of 158 local authorities responded, including 81 per cent of those with prisons in their catchment area. Key themes included difficulties with case finding, with a reliance on referrals from other agencies, although provision for those already known to local authorities generally worked well. Other themes were difficulties in sharing assessments and information between local authorities, and problems with care planning and co-ordination with other agencies. We discuss some of the tensions and challenges inherent in implementing the Act and highlight areas requiring attention, including the need for more robust case finding and systems for information transfer. We also suggest measures to strengthen arrangements.
The Causal Role of Three Frontal Cortical Areas in Grasping
Authors: Caprara I , Janssen P 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEfficient object grasping requires the continuous control of arm and hand movements based on visual information. Previous studies have identified a network of parietal and frontal areas that is crucial for the visual control of prehension movements. Electrical microstimulation of 3D shape-selective clusters in AIP during functional magnetic resonance imaging activates areas F5a and 45B, suggesting that these frontal areas may represent important downstream areas for object processing during grasping, but the role of area F5a and 45B in grasping is unknown. To assess their causal role in the frontal grasping network, we reversibly inactivated 45B, F5a, and F5p during visually guided grasping in macaque monkeys. First, we recorded single neuron activity in 45B, F5a, and F5p to identify sites with object responses during grasping. Then, we injected muscimol or saline to measure the grasping deficit induced by the temporary disruption of each of these three nodes in the grasping network. The inactivation of all three areas resulted in a significant increase in the grasping time in both animals, with the strongest effect observed in area F5p. These results not only confirm a clear involvement of F5p, but also indicate causal contributions of area F5a and 45B in visually guided object grasping.
Impact of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Antibody Profile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients
Authors: Tang Juanjie , Grubbs Gabrielle , Lee Youri , Golding Hana , Khurana Surender 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Convalescent plasma (CP) have been used for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but their effectiveness varies significantly. Moreover, the impact of CP treatment on the composition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in COVID-19 patients and antibody markers that differentiate between those who survive and those who succumb to the COVID-19 disease are not well understood. Herein, we performed longitudinal analysis of antibody profile on 115 sequential plasma samples from 16 hospitalized COVID-19 patients treated with either CP or standard of care, only half of them survived. Differential antibody kinetics was observed for antibody binding, immunoglobulin M/immunoglobulin G/immunoglobulin A (IgM/IgG/IgA) distribution, and affinity maturation in “survived” versus “fatal” COVID-19 patients. Surprisingly, CP treatment did not predict survival. Strikingly, marked decline in neutralization titers was observed in the fatal patients prior to death, and convalescent plasma treatment did not reverse this trend. Furthermore, irrespective of CP treatment, higher antibody affinity to the SARS-CoV-2 prefusion spike was associated with survival outcome. Additionally, sustained elevated IgA response was associated with fatal outcome in these COVID-19 patients. These findings propose that treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma should be carefully targeted, and effectiveness of treatment may depend on the clinical and immunological status of COVID-19 patients, as well as the quality of the antibodies in the convalescent plasma.
Greening the cloud: oligopoly-driven institutional transformations of the US electricity grid for commercial and industrial power purchases
Authors: Patchell Jerry , Hayter Roger 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo power cloud data centres (DCs) with renewable energy (RE) Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google and Microsoft negotiated innovative long-term contracts that opened up regional vertically integrated electricity utilities to allow new roles for large-scale suppliers and buyers of electricity. This transformation is explained using Williamson’s framework of institutional change linking the four interdependent institutional levels of embedded values, regulatory environment, (interfirm) governance and resource allocation. This framework is extended geographically by incorporating the regional and national interactions necessary for locating and spatially diffusing RE-driven DCs across the USA based on new power purchases and green tariff contractural agreements.
Technique of open and minimally invasive intrathoracic reconstruction following esophagectomy—an expert consensus based on a modified Delphi process
Authors: Bartella Isabel , Fransen Laura F C , Gutschow Christian A , Bruns Christiane J , van Berge Henegouwen Mark L , Chaudry M Asif , Cheong Edward , Cuesta Miguel A , Van Daele Elke , Gisbertz Suzanne S , van Hillegersberg Richard , Hölscher Arnulf , Mercer Stuart , Moorthy Krishna , Nafteux Philippe , Nilsson Magnus , Pattyn Piet , Piessen Guillaume , Räsanen Jari , Rosman Camiel , Ruurda Jelle P , Schneider Paul M , Sgromo Bruno , Nieuwenhuijzen Grard A , Luyer Misha D P , Schröder Wolfgang 
Published: April 2021

SummaryBackground: In recent years, minimally invasive Ivor Lewis (IL) esophagectomy with high intrathoracic anastomosis has emerged as surgical standard of care for esophageal cancer in expert centers. Alongside this process, many divergent technical aspects of this procedure have been devised in different centers. This study aims at achieving international consensus on the surgical steps of IL reconstruction using Delphi methodology.Methods: The expert panel consisted of specialized esophageal surgeons from 8 European countries. During a two-round Delphi process, a detailed analysis and consensus on key steps of intrathoracic gastric tube reconstruction (IL esophagectomy) was performed.Results: Response rates in Delphi rounds 1 and 2 were 100% (22 of 22 experts) and 83.3% (20 of 24 experts), respectively. Three essential technical areas of intrathoracic gastric tube reconstruction were identified: first, vascularization of the gastric conduit, second, gastric mobilization, tube formation and pull-up, and third, anastomotic technique. In addition, 3 main techniques for minimally invasive intrathoracic anastomosis are currently practiced: (i) end-to-side circular stapled, (ii) end-to-side double stapling, and (iii) side-to-side linear stapled technique. The step-by-step procedural analysis unveiled common approaches but also different expert practice.Conclusion: This precise technical description may serve as a clinical guideline for intrathoracic reconstruction after esophagectomy. In addition, the results may aid to harmonize the technical evolution of this complex surgical procedure and thereby facilitate surgical training.
Oral CBD-rich Cannabis Induces Clinical but Not Endoscopic Response in Patients with Crohn’s Disease, a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Naftali Timna , Bar-Lev Schleider Lihi , Almog Shlomo , Meiri David , Konikoff Fred M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Aims
Despite reports that medical cannabis improves symptoms in Crohn’s disease [CD], controlled studies evaluating disease response are lacking. This study assessed the effect of cannabidiol [CBD]-rich cannabis oil for induction of remission in CD.

Methods
In a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, single-centre trial, patients received orally either cannabis oil containing160/40 mg/ml cannabidiol/tetrahydrocannabinol [CBD/THC] or placebo for 8 weeks. Disease parameters, including the CD activity index [CDAI], and simple endoscopic score for CD [SES-CD], were assessed before and after treatment. In a subgroup of patients, blood samples were collected for CBD and THC plasma levels.

Results
The study included 56 patients, age 34.5 ± 11 years, men/women 30/26 [54/46%],30 in cannabis and 26 in placebo groups. CDAI at recruitment and after 8 weeks was 282 (interquartile range [IQR] 243-342) and 166 [IQR 82–226], and 264 [IQR 234–320] and 237 [IQR 121–271] [p &lt;0.05] in the cannabis and placebo groups, respectively. Median quality of life [QOL] score improved from 74 for both groups at baseline to 91 [IQR 85–102] and 75 [IQR 69–88] after 8 weeks in the cannabis and placebo groups, respectively [p = 0.004]. SES-CD was 10 [IQR 7–14] and 11 [IQR7-14], and 7 [4–14] and 8 [IQR 4–12] [p = 0.75] before and after treatment, in the cannabis and placebo groups, respectively. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], calprotectin) remained unchanged.

Conclusions
Eight weeks of CBD-rich cannabis treatment induced significant clinical and QOL improvement without significant changes in inflammatory parameters or endoscopic scores. The oral CBD-rich cannabis extract was well absorbed. Until further studies are available, cannabis treatment in Crohn’s disease should be used only in the context of clinical trials.
Time Preferences Across Language Groups: Evidence on Intertemporal Choices from the Swiss Language Border
Authors: Herz Holger , Huber Martin , Maillard-Bjedov Tjaša , Tyahlo Svitlana 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDifferences in patience across language groups have recently received increased attention in the literature. We provide evidence on this issue by measuring time preferences of French and German speakers from a bilingual municipality in Switzerland where institutions are shared and socio-economic conditions are very similar across the two language groups. We find that French speakers are significantly more impatient than German speakers, and differences are particularly pronounced when payments in the present are involved. Estimates of preference parameters of a quasi-hyperbolic discounting model suggest significant differences in both present bias (β) and the long-run discount factor (δ) across language groups.
Cardiac mortality in patients randomised to elective coronary revascularisation plus medical therapy or medical therapy alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Navarese Eliano P , Lansky Alexandra J , Kereiakes Dean J , Kubica Jacek , Gurbel Paul A , Gorog Diana A , Valgimigli Marco , Curzen Nick , Kandzari David E , Bonaca Marc P , Brouwer Marc , Umińska Julia , Jaguszewski Milosz J , Raggi Paolo , Waksman Ron , Leon Martin B , Wijns William , Andreotti Felicita 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Aims
The value of elective coronary revascularisation plus medical therapy over medical therapy alone in managing stable patients with coronary artery disease is debated. We reviewed all trials comparing the two strategies in this population.

Methods and results
From inception through November 2020, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and other databases were searched for randomised trials comparing revascularisation against medical therapy alone in clinically stable coronary artery disease patients. Treatment effects were measured by rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals, using random-effects models. Cardiac mortality was the pre-specified primary endpoint. Spontaneous myocardial infarction (MI) and its association with cardiac mortality were secondary endpoints. Further endpoints included all-cause mortality, any MI, and stroke. Longest follow-up data were abstracted. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021225598). Twenty-five trials involving 19 806 patients (10 023 randomised to revascularisation plus medical therapy and 9783 to medical therapy alone) were included. Compared with medical therapy alone, revascularisation yielded a lower risk of cardiac death [RR 0.79 (0.67–0.93), P &lt; 0.01] and spontaneous MI [RR 0.74 (0.64–0.86), P &lt; 0.01]. By meta-regression, the cardiac death risk reduction after revascularisation, compared with medical therapy alone, was linearly associated with follow-up duration [RR per 4-year follow-up: 0.81 (0.69–0.96), P = 0.008], spontaneous MI absolute difference (P = 0.01) and percentage of multivessel disease at baseline (P = 0.004). Trial sequential and sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of the cardiac mortality findings. All-cause mortality [0.94 (0.87–1.01), P = 0.11], any MI (P = 0.14), and stroke risk (P = 0.30) did not differ significantly between strategies.

Conclusion
In stable coronary artery disease patients, randomisation to elective coronary revascularisation plus medical therapy led to reduced cardiac mortality compared with medical therapy alone. The cardiac survival benefit after revascularisation improved with longer follow-up times and was associated with fewer spontaneous MIs.
Characteristics and motives of non-responders in a stepwise cardiometabolic disease prevention program in primary care
Authors: Badenbroek Ilse F , Nielen Markus M J , Hollander Monika , Stol Daphne M , de Wit Niek J , Schellevis François G 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
A high response rate is an important condition for effective prevention programs. We aimed at gaining insight into the characteristics and motives of non-responders in different stages of a stepwise prevention program for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in primary care.

Methods
We performed a non-response analysis within a randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of a stepwise CMD prevention program in the Netherlands. Patients between 45 and 70 years without known CMD were invited for stage 1 of the program, completing a CMD risk score. Patients with an increased risk were advised to visit their general practice for additional measurements, stage 2 of the program. We analyzed determinants of non-response using data from the risk score, electronic medical records, questionnaires and Statistics Netherlands.

Results
Non-response in stage 1 was associated with a younger age, male sex, a migration background, a low prosperity score, self-employment, being single and having lower consultations rates in general practice. Non-response in stage 2 was associated with a low prosperity score, being employed, having no chronic illness, smoking, a normal waist circumference, a negative family history for cardiovascular disease or diabetes and having a lower consultation rate. More than half of the non-responders in stage 2 reported not visiting the GP because they did not expect to have any CMD, despite their increased risk.

Conclusions
To achieve a larger and more equal uptake of prevention programs for CMD, we should use methods adapted to characteristics of non-responders, such as targeted invitation methods and improved risk communication.
Universal Constraints on Protein Evolution in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
Authors: Maddamsetti Rohan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although it is well known that abundant proteins evolve slowly across the tree of life, there is little consensus for why this is true. Here, I report that abundant proteins evolve slowly in the hypermutator populations of Lenski’s long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli (LTEE). Specifically, the density of all observed mutations per gene, as measured in metagenomic time series covering 60,000 generations of the LTEE, significantly anticorrelates with mRNA abundance, protein abundance, and degree of protein–protein interaction. The same pattern holds for nonsynonymous mutation density. However, synonymous mutation density, measured across the LTEE hypermutator populations, positively correlates with protein abundance. These results show that universal constraints on protein evolution are visible in data spanning three decades of experimental evolution. Therefore, it should be possible to design experiments to answer why abundant proteins evolve slowly.