bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of a Polydisperse Ensemble of Ellipsoidal Crystals with Fluctuating Growth Rates in Supercooled Melts
Authors: Nikishina M.A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an analytical solution to the model of the evolution of ellipsoidal crystals with fluctuating growth rates at the intermediate step of bulk phase transition is presented. A complete system of integrodifferential equations describing the problem was derived and analytically solved using the Laplace integral method. The kinetics of supercooling removal in melts has been found. The particle-volume distribution function represents a pike-shaped curve decreasing its maximum with time. It is demonstrated the differences in the distribution function for ellipsoidal and spherical crystals.
The Variation Effect of Mg-doped NPs Prepared by Sol-Gel Method on its Structural Properties and Biological Activities
Authors: Ahmed Duha S. , Ali Noor Q. , Taha Ali A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we reported the synthesis of NiO NPs and Mg doped-NiO NPs using the facile sol-gel method. Besides, the influence of the variation of Mg dopant on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared Mg-NiO NPs was studied. The synthesized Mg-NiO NPs nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of the cubic structure of Mg doped-NiO NPs after doping with the magnesium. The increase in the crystal size was observed with the increase in the concentration of the Mg dopant element. The FESEM images reveal the formation of nickel oxide through the appearance of spherical clusters, while the hybrids appear as wrinkled surface covered with spherical particles of magnesium. The UV-Vis spectrum showed a shift towards shorter wavelengths with an increase in the concentration of the Mg dopant element due to the quantum confinement effect. The hemolysis activity study showed that NiO NPs had a low hemolysis percentage of 1.47% and increased with increasing concentration. While, increasing of the RBC hemolysis (5.9%) after NiO doped with Mg. The antibacterial activity was studied againstS. aureusandP. aeruginosabacteria, and indicated the highest growth inhibition zones of Mg-doped NiO NPs as compared with NiO NPs against ofStaphylococcus aureusandPseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively.
The effect of left ventricle ischemia severity on cardiac performance appeared on ejection fraction using radioactive TC 99m MIBI in comparison with echocardiography
Authors: Mohammed M K , Essa S I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a major causes of heart failure. Heart failure patients have predominantly left ventricular dysfunction (systolic or diastolic dysfunction, or both). Acute heart failure is most commonly caused by reduced myocardial contractility, and increased LV stiffness. We performed echocardiography and gated SPECT with Tc99m MIBI within 263 patients and 166 normal individuals. Left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured. For all degrees of ischemia, there was a significant difference between ejection fraction values measured by SPECT and echocardiography, and there were no significant differences among end systolic volume and end diastolic volume value calculated by two methods for all cases.
The mean value for EDV (ECHO)/EDV (SPECT) was 1.07 ± 0.31 for degree (1, 2); in the degree 3 the mean value was 1.02 ± 0.08, and 1.005 ± 0.07 for degree 4.
The mean value for ESV (ECHO)/ESV (SPECT) was 1.08 ± 0.34 for degree (1, 2); while 1.03 ± 0.12, 1.021 ± 0.128 for degree 3 and 4 respectively.
This study was showed a good relation between left ventricular size and ejection fraction measured by SPECT with Tc99m, and echocardiography.
Study the radioactive concentration for soil samples contaminated with depleted uranium in Al-Nahrawan site at Baghdad governorate using high purity germanium detector
Authors: Essa B. H. , Siyah M.A. , Al-Mashhadani A.H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study is investigating the radioactivity in soil samples at the Al-Nahrawan site. The radiation survey appears there are 3000 square meters area are contaminated with DU in AL-Nahrawan site identified using Geiger–Müller (GM) for radiation survey and gamma spectrometry for 52 soil samples analysis taken from AL-Nahrawan site at different depths (0-70) cm and different locations. The results of gamma analysis using high-purity germanium show that the ratio between 235U/238U is less than 0.00720 (neutral ratio), and it has different values from 0.002-0.00588, and the average value of radioactive nuclides concentration for (238U, 235U and 40K) are (76019.61, 259.55 and 147.5) Bq/kg respectively, these values are higher than the (BG) radioactive concentration levels in Iraq for (238U and 235U) isotopes, and the analysis of 40K concentration appeared in the acceptable limits. The health effects of depleted uranium in the human body it is exposed to many health troubles through the entry of uranium oxide particles.
Laser induced plasma of cadmium oxide: structural, morphological and optical properties
Authors: Hussein Tamara S. , Ahmed Ala F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this study, the effect of grafting with Iron (Fe) ratios (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5) on the structural and optical properties of cadmium oxide films (CdO) was studied, as these films were prepared on glass bases using the method of pulse laser deposition (PLD). The crystallization nature of the prepared films was examined by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), which showed that the synthesis of the prepared films is polycrystalline, and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) images also showed that the increased vaccination with Iron led to an increase in the crustal size ratio and a decrease in surface roughness, The absorption coefficient was calculated and the optical energy gap for the prepared thin films. It was found the absorption decreases and the energy gap decreases with the increase of doping ratio.
Impact of CNT Concentrations on Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of ZnO: CNT Nano composite Films
Authors: Abd - Alsada A.S. , Alias M. F. A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, zinc oxide: carbon nanotube (ZnO: CNT) nano composite films with varying CNT concentrations (0,3,5,10, and 15) wt percent were generated utilizing the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) procedure on clean glass substrates at room temperature. The impact of CNT concentration on the structural, morphological, and optical features of ZnO: CNT nano thin films as deposited was examined. X-ray diffraction was used to evaluate the structure of the generated ZnO: CNT thin films, while an atomic force microscope was used to explore the morphological features of the nano films (AFM) and field emission scan electron microscopy (FESEM). The optical properties of prepared thin films were characterized and studied using UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer. The structures of prepared ZnO: CNT with different concentration of CNT thin films were polycrystalline. ZnO: CNT nano thin films were synthesized in hexagonal phase and the dominate orientation is (101). The crystallite sizes are 32 and 26 nm for (101) and (100)) planes for ZnO and ZnO: 15% CNT nano films respectively. These crystallite size are decreased with increasing CNT (0, 3,5,10 and 15) wt. %. The lowest grain size can be shown for ZnO, while the largest grain size can be seen in ZnO: CNT nano thin with 15% concentration, whereas FESEM micrographs displayed a typically rough, pronounced microstructure, with surface protrusions. The energy gap (Eg) of ZnO: CNT nano thin film with various concentrations is computed. The result analysis shows that Eg decreased with increasing CNT weight concentration. This type of behaviors make the prepared films are good candidate for broad range of applications such as optoelectronic and display devices.
2.4 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna for S-Band Wireless Communications
Authors: Abdulhussein Alaa M. , Khidhir Ali H. , Naser Ahmed A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor any wireless communication, the antenna plays a very important role. The request for this technology is reduced antenna size, weight, and cost with a low profile, high performance, and low return loss (RL). To meet these requirements, the microstrip patch antenna (MPA) can be used. This research represents the design and manufacture of the MPA for the 2.4 GHz applications with very low RL and perfect voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Computer simulation technology (CST) studio is used to design and simulation. The proposed MPA is fabricated on flame retardant (FR-4) material as a substrate. The results show that the MPA is capable to deal with RL of -38.86 dB at the frequency of 2.393 GHz with a bandwidth (BW) of 58 MHz and VSWR of 1.02. The volume of the antenna is 75.85 × 57.23 × 1.6mm3.
Theoretical investigation of the density and the heat capacity of [EMIM][BF4] and its MWCNTs ionanofluids: Effect of temperature and MWCNTs concentration
Authors: Hasen H.M. , Abdulmajeed B. A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The density and specific heat capacity is an important parameter for heat transfer fluids (HTFs) specially which used for cooling or heating purposes. In this study the density of ethyle methyl imidazolium tetrafluoro borate ionicliquids ([EMIM][BF4]) measured experimentally. In addition, the density (ρ) and the specific heat capacity (Cp) of the ionanofluid (INF) were calculated theoretically. The studied INF composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) dispersed in the ionicliquid (IL) [EMIM][BF4] in the concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9%). Scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry measured for the used MWCNTs. The density and the specific heat capacity of pure [EMIM][BF4] and its INFs were plotted versus temperature in a graphs. The results show that the density of [EMIM][BF4] and its INFs decreased linearly with temperature. The density increased by 0.243%-3.968% for 0.5%-9% MWCNTs concentration in INFs, reaching maximum value of 1.329 g.cm-3 at 20 °C. In contrast the specific heat capacity of [EMIM][BF4] and its INFs increased linearly with temperature with an enhancement of about 0.417%-7.99% for 0.5%-9% concentration of MWCNTs reaching maximum value of 1.812 J/g.K at 358.15K with 9%MWCNT concentration. That’s mean the addition of MWCNT cause increasing both of the density and the specific heat capacity of INF.
Synthesis of Polyaniline–Cerium Oxide Nanocomposite for Photodetector Application
Authors: Hassen Maryam M. , MJbrahim Isam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper nanocomposites materials of Polyaniline (PAni) nano-fiber (NFs) and Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by two method; hydrothermal and chemical method respectively. The spin coating method was used to prepare PAni and Pani/CeO2on Si and glass substrates and then screened with XRD, FE-SEM, UV-Vis and as-prepared thin-film photodetectors. The X-ray diffraction pattern of all the prepared films showed the presence of crystalline nature. It was found that the PAni/CeO2films have a cubic crystal structure.. FESEM results proved that the PAni film prepared have nanofiber like structure, while the PAni/CeO2films proved that CeO2NPs fully caped with PAni nanofiber. The UV-Vis spectra showed peaks of PAni 340nm, 651nm and PAni/CeO2320nm, 620 nm and in the energy gap it is noticed that the band gap value decreases as the CeO2 ratios increases where the maximum values of energy gap of B-band and Q-band (1.65 – 2.74) eV. The maximum sensitivity values of the photoconductive detectors were observed at PAni/CeO2(2 vol.%) nanoparticles deposited on n-Si substrate which were approximately (2696.5%, 946.15%, 1402.2%, 1613.9%3837.9%, and 2700%) for wavelengths 360, 465, 510, 595,660 and 965 nm respectively.
Optical Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Parameters in Cadmium by Nd: YAG laser Technique
Authors: Tawfeeq Uday H. , Abbas Ahmed K. , Aadim Kadhim A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was used to estimate the parameters of plasma electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), plasma frequency (fp), Debye length (λD), and Debye number (ND). Understanding how an energy pulsed laser affects these variables is also important. Irradiation of pure cadmium using an Nd: YAG laser pulse with a wavelength(1064)nm and energy ranging from (200-600)millijoules, of frequency (6) Hz. The spectrum of laser-induced plasma was detected under atmospheric pressure. It was discovered that when the energy of the laser pulse rises, the intensity of the CdI and CdII lines increases.
Concentration of heavy metals in the drinking water of Kut city - Iraq and their impact on health
Authors: Al-Yasiri Mohammad Yahya R , Al-Attabi Hadi Dwaich Z. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The quality of drinking water is related to the state of the water supply networks, pollution, and contamination of drinking water with contaminants of both anthropogenic and natural origin. Water samples were collected from 22 different waterworks in Kut, Iraq, and heavy metal concentrations (Pb, Ni, and Zn) were analyzed. In various parts of the city, 22 sampling sites were pre-defined. The results indicated that heavy metal concentrations in water samples did not surpass WHO guidelines (World Health Organization).
The Effect of Working Gases Mixing Ratios on the Synthesis and Characteristics of TiO2/SiO2 Nanocomposite via Closed-Field unbalanced DC Magnetron Co-Sputtering Technique
Authors: Mutesher N. H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The objective of this research is to study the influence of deposition parameters such as gases mixing ratio O2/Ar on the structural and optical properties of the TiO2/SiO2 nanocomposite films synthesized using closed field unbalanced dc magnetron co-sputtering technique. The nanocomposite thin films were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the phase structure, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate Si-O-Si, Ti-O and Si–O–Ti. functional groups. The UV-VIS. absorption spectra of the synthesized films reveal that the indirect energy band gap was found to be 2.75 eV. The mixing ratio of Oxygen and Argon (O2/Ar) gases has a pronounced controlling effect on the structural and optical properties of such nanocomposite.
Radon concentration measurement in water reservoirs for some areas of north Baghdad by RAD7
Authors: Khalaf Salah Q. , Hussien Hayder S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Radon is a naturally occurring, odorless, colorless, radioactive, tasteless, and noble gas. Radon concentrations have been measured by the usage of alpha spectroscopy (RAD-7). The RAD-7 measuring process is based on detecting alpha particles produced from the disintegration of radon and its products using a solid-state alpha detector (usually silicon), and then converting alpha radiation directly to an electrical signal. The radioactivity of radon gas was measured in forty-two samples from reservoir water for different areas north of Baghdad utilizing a RAD7 detector. This study proved that the high value of radon concentrations was less than the permissible limit as recorded by the World Health Organization.
Effect of Adding Nanoparticles Ag2O on Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of PMMA/ Polypropylene Fiber Composites
Authors: Yassien Hussien. A. , Jubier Najwa J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this research, mechanical properties (hardness, impact strength, comparison strength) and thermal conductivity are examined for PMMA/polypropylene fiber composites reinforced with a different weight fraction of Ag2O nanoparticles (0%,0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.2%,0.25 and 0.3%). Samples prepared by Hand Lay-Up Moulding method at room temperature according to the international standard dimensions for each test, results showed a noticeable improvement in the values of mechanical properties and thermal conductivity with increasing the weight fraction of the silver oxide nanoparticles.
Structure, Morphology and Optical Properties of SnO2Nanoparticle Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Technique: Effect of CuO Doping Concentration
Authors: Abdullah H.D. , Al-Taay H.F. , Khalaf M. K. , Oleiwi H. F. , Rahma A. J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTin oxide (SnO2) and doped with various concentrations of copper oxide (CuO) of (3, 5, and 7%) nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple, cost-effective, and nontoxic ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrates. Crystalline structure, surface morphology of the SnO2pure and SnO2:CuO, films have been studied by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Atomic Force Microscope (AEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The effect of CuO doping on the electrical properties of SnO2films was investigated using Hall effect measurments. The optical properties of the prepared films have been characterized by Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. High distribution densily and good growth SnO2and SnO2: CuO nanoparticles on the substrate with an average particles size ranged from 30 to 110 nm. The crystalling and grain size were changed according to the CuO doping ratio. There is a redshift within the UV-Vis spectra was observed with an increasing CuO ratio of (3, 5 and 7%)
Simulation and Numerical Modelling of CIGSSe-Based Solar Cells by AFORS-HET
Authors: Aswad Ammar J. , Hassan Nadeem K. , Ahmed Adnan R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A general equation to determine properties of penternary solar cell based on Cu (In, Ga) (Se, S) 2 (CIGSSe) with a double buffer layer ZnS/Zn0.8Mg0.2O(ZMO) were derived. Numerical analysis of a (CIGSSe) solar cell with a double buffer layer ZnS/ZMO, CdS free absorber layer, were investigated using the AFORS-HET software simulation. Taking into consideration the effect of thickness and doping concentration for the CIGSSe absorption layer, ZnS buffer layer and ZnO:B(BZO) window layer on the electron transport, short circuit current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc); numerical simulation demonstrated that the changes in band structure characteristics occurred. The solar energy conversion efficiency is 28.34%, the filling factor is 85.59%, the open circuit voltage is 782.3 mV, the short circuit current is 42.32 mA. then we take the range of the gradient between the ratio of x and y for the absorption layer, and the best result of Voc, Jsc, FF, Eff equal (838.7 mV, 40.94 mA/cm2, 86.23%, 29.61%) respectively at x= 0, y= 0.26.
Hydrophilic properties of nano-structure silicate synthesis by sol-gel-dipping technique
Authors: Ali Falah H 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nano-structure SiO2 was prepared in this work by use Sol-Gel method. Then, studying optical and structural properties of SiO2, the absorption spectrum was determined in UV region, while nano-structure and morphology was investigated by XRD and AFM respectively. The particle size measured by use AFM Analysis which about (55.12 nm).super hydrophilic was gotten after 1 hour of UV irradiation for the prepared SiO2 thin-film.
Fabrication of Wear Resistance Ni/SiC nano composite Coating by Electro co-deposition
Authors: Salam N , Jaleel M A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we succeeded in obtaining a Ni/SiC nano composite coating using conventional electro deposition by adding different amount of SiC nanoparticles to a nickel-watt bath to be co-deposited. The effect of electro deposition conditions was studied by changing the amount of SiC nanoparticles in the nano composite, and the deposition current density which affects on the participation of SiC nanoparticles in the coating. The morphology and mechanical properties of the electrodeposited nano-composite were studied. The wear behavior of the nano-composite coatings was evaluated on a ball-on-disk test. It was found that the increased micro hardness and wear resistance of the nano-composite coatings increased with increasing content of the SiC nano-particulate in bath.
Studying the effect of diesel Power Generator noise on the publicity in Ramadi city
Authors: Farhan Ahmed Obeed , Salman Raid Khider , Farhan S.S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The current study including investigating the effect of noise pollution produced by the diesel power generators on the public health, in one of Al-Ramadi districts. The measurements were taken using decibel meters within different distances and directions from the power station. The study showed that the noise levels are too high for the residential buildings, especially for the regions in which buildings are stacked together or distributed in a way that the sound wave is improved through the eco caused by this distribution.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of ZnO: Ag2O Nanocomposite for Antifungal Efficacy
Authors: Fayyadh Ali Abdullah , Jaduaa Alzubaidy Muneer H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, biosynthesis zinc and silver oxide nanocomposite (Bs-ZANc) were prepared using an eco-friendly biological synthesis method using silver nitrate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, and Lawsonia inermis (Henna) plant extract with four different concentrations; (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) molar. The detailed characterization of Bs-ZANc was performed using Grazing X-ray diffraction technique (G-XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Zeta Potential (Z.P.), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). In addition to studying the spectroscopic properties using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The result showed good inhibitory efficiency of Bs-ZANc against some types of fungal such as; Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., and Candida Albicans. Further, a comparison was made between Bs-ZANc and Lawsonia inermis (Henna) plant extract only regarding antfungal efficacy.
Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3) using saffron extract
Authors: AL-Husseini A H , Sih B T , Al-Araji A M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared using saffron plant extract, and the prepared particles were diagnosed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray resolution (EDX), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). This method falls within the green chemistry, an environmentally friendly method and at a lower cost than other methods