bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
English-2 The Socio-Political & Economic Contribution of Sufis in Society; A Case of District Muzaffargarh
Authors: Perveen Sajeela , Akhtar Sohail , Niaz Muhammad Usman 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The primary aim of this paper is to explore how Sufis played their positive role and worked to uplift the society through their teachings. This article primarily deals with the socio-economic contribution of Sufis in the society of District Muzaffargarh. The Sufis played an important role in the social construction of the new society as representatives of the Islam. Many well-known Sufis arrived in this region and had done splendid job in the preaching of Islam but also worked for the welfare of the society through their socio-economic support to the people. After the advent of Islam and they proved the torch bearer of Islam during the period of darkness. They worked for the prosperity of the society and abolished all kind of differences among the mankind. Humanism was basic task of their preaching and they created cultural and mutual cooperation and understanding among the people. People became best companion of each other without any discrimination. Muzaffargarh District was an important and well-populated district between the two rivers and the land was fertile. People accepted the message of peace and humanity and Islam spread rapidly. The credit of this dispensation goes to the noble Sufis. This research paper highlights the socio-economic services of Sufis in Muzaffargarh.
English-3 The portrayal of Human Rights in Islam –Multi-perspective disposition
Authors: Ansar Sumbul , Kaukab Syeda Rakhshanda , Uddin Umair Rais 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
This paper briefly sketches the nature, practices, and challenges of human rights from Muslim viewpoints. Historically, Islam is the pioneer of endorsing human rights. However, there are clashes between the Islamic and western concept of human rights, which has categorized human rights into various schools of thoughts. This debate has ignored realism and obscured the real essence of human values. The paper briefly analyzes the potential of human rights principles and their scope to serve as a mediator to improve human rights conditions. Although Muslim countries are facing severe human rights challenges due to social, cultural, political and economic forces, the concept of human values and justice, as portrayed by Islam is universal and has positive genesis to improve the global state of human rights upon embracement.
Flood hydrometeorological situations associated with monsoon floods on the Par River in Western India
Authors: ARCHANA D. PATIL , PRAMODKUMAR S. HIRE 
Published: November 2021

The objective of present work is to understand flood hydrometeorological situations associated with monsoon floods on the Par River, therefore, the analyses of synoptic conditions connected with large floods was carried out. This encompasses analysis of interannual rainfall variability and associated floods, analysis of storm tracts, investigation of normalized accumulated departure from mean (NADM) and evaluation of the relation between El Niño and monsoon rainfall. In order to accomplish above analyses, the annual rainfall data of the Par Basin have been obtained for 118 years from India Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune and Chennai. The annual maximum series (AMS)/stage data were procured for a gauging site namely Nanivahial for 45 years from Irrigation Department of Gujarat State, Ahmedabad. The results indicate that the interannual variability was characterized by increased frequency and magnitude of floods on the Par River primarily after 1930s. Majority of the large floods in the basin were connected with low pressure systems. It is observed that most of the floods were associated with positive departure from mean rainfall in the basin. The NADM graph shows epochal behaviour of high and low rainfall of the basin and floods. The analysis of El Niño and Southern Oscillation indicates that the probability of the occurrence of the floods in the Par Basin is high during the average SST index and majority of the floods in the basin have occurred during above normal conditions of rainfall. The present study can, therefore, prove to be a significant contribution towards the Par-Tapi-Narmada link project of the Government of Gujarat and water divergent projects of the Government of Maharashtra in association with Government of India.
Effect of gender, muscle type and skinfold thickness on myometric parameters in young people
Authors: Mencel Joanna , Jaskólska Anna , Marusiak Jaroslaw , Kisiel-Sajewicz Katarzyna , Siemiatycka Magdalena , Kaminski Lukasz , Jaskólski Artur 
Published: November 2021

Background
The aim of the study was to compare the mechanical properties of three human skeletal muscles: biceps brachii (BB), rectus femoris (RF), and tibialis anterior (TA) at rest measured by myoton device in males (n = 16, mean age 21.2 ± 0.6 years) and females (n = 16; 21.2 ± 0.9 years) and to investigate the influence of skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness (skinfold thickness, SFT) and gender on myometric parameters of the three skeletal muscles.

Methods
We measured the following mechanical and viscoelastic muscle properties using MyotonPRO®: frequency (F [Hz]), decrement (D [log]), stiffness (S [N/m]), relaxation time (R [ms]) and creepability (C [De]). The values of SFT for all selected muscles were assessed by caliper. A mixed-design analysis of variance with gender as between subject comparison was used for assessing the differences between gender and muscles in SFT and each of the myometric parameters separately (F, D, S, R and C). Pearson correlation coefficient or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between SFT and myometric parameters was conducted for males, females and males and females together. The level of statistical significance was set at α ≤ 0.05 with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.

Results
The SFT over the RF, TA, and BB muscles in women was statistically significantly larger compared with that of males. In females and males, the SFT over the RF was larger than over the TA and BB, and the SFT over the TA was larger compared with over the BB. The values of F and S recorded for the TA muscle were the highest among the three muscles, while D, C, and R were lowest in TA but highest in the RF muscle in men and women. The values of F and S were smaller in females than in males. Gender comparison of D, C, and R values showed that only D for the RF was significantly lower in females than in males, and C for the RF and TA was significantly larger in females than in males. Some correlation between SFT and myometric parameters were different between males and females. For example, there was a significant, negative correlation between SFT and F for all muscles in females, and a significant, positive correlation between these parameters for BB and TA (not for RF) in males. For pooled data (males and females together), a negative significant correlation between SFT and F was observed for RF and TA (not significant for BB muscle).

Discussion
It is concluded that the TA compared with the BB and RF has significantly greater F and S but the smallest D and C and the shortest R. Gender and muscle differences in the SFT may affect the measurements of muscle properties using MyotonPRO®. The relationship between SFT and myometric parameters is different in males and females in the RF, TA, and BB muscles. Therefore, the myometric data should be analyzed in males and females separately.
Patient‐Reported Outcome Information Collected from Lupus Patients Using a Mobile Application: Compliance and Validation
Authors: Bell Kristy , Dykas Claire , Muckian Bridget , Williams Brooke , Rainey Hope , Comberg Maggy , Mora Mary , Owen Katherine A. , Lipsky Peter E. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivePatient‐reported outcomes (PROs) can provide critical information concerning the impact of a disease on an individual. Mobile technology to collect PRO data in an electronic format (ePRO) allows for frequent assessment in the person's regular environment. The goal of this study was to assess the compliance with a phone application (app) and validate ePRO information in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsA smartphone app that collects ePRO data from various clinical instruments was developed. Information was collected by both an ePRO and a paper‐administered instrument as part of a multicenter randomized interventional clinical trial of patients meeting American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for the classification of SLE. To determine agreement between PRO information collected in the different formats, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), paired Student's t tests, and Bland–Altman plots were evaluated. Compliance and Cronbach's alpha were also assessed as a measure of survey reliability.ResultsFor the 62 subjects from diverse ancestral backgrounds, compliance with ePRO completion was high (more than 75%). Cronbach alpha values for PROs indicated moderate to high survey reliability. The vast majority (73.4%) of ICC values were indicative of good to excellent reliability between measurement methods. Bland–Altman plots verified method agreement, and 87% of pairwise t tests yielded an insignificant difference between information collected with the different administration methods.ConclusionThe excellent compliance and the high level of consistency between data collected by paper and that collected by electronic methods indicate that the app provides a reliable means of cataloging real‐time changes in PROs in SLE patients.
N‐Type Conjugated Polymer as Multi‐Functional Interfacial Layer for High‐Performance and Ultra‐Stable Self‐Powered Photodetectors Based on Perovskite Nanowires
Authors: Chang Chih‐Yu , Wu Kuan‐Si , Chang Chun‐Ya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh‐performance and long‐term stable self‐powered photodetectors (PDs) based on methylammonium lead iodide nanowires (NWs) are demonstrated by incorporating n‐type conjugated polymer poly{2,5‐bis(2‐dodecylhexadecyl)‐3,6‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)pyrrolo‐[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4(2H,5H)‐dione‐alt‐(E)‐1,2‐bis(3‐cyanothiophen‐2‐yl)ethene} (DPP‐CNTVT) as multi‐functional interfacial layer. Incorporating DPP‐CNTVT with abundant Lewis base functional groups can effectively passivate under‐coordinated Pb2+ defects, enabling perovskite NWs to exhibit remarkable stability and optoelectronic properties. Meanwhile, high electron mobility, together with the proper energy level of DPP‐CNTVT, makes it ideal for use as an electron transport layer. Particularly, by taking advantage of the low bandgap of DPP‐CNTVT, the utilization of low energy photons can be improved. The resulting PDs exhibit responsivity up to 0.50 A W−1, specific detectivity approaching 1014 Jones, and a wide linear dynamic range of nearly 265 dB under zero bias operation, which represent the best results ever reported for self‐powered perovskite PDs. More encouragingly, with the incorporation of an appropriate encapsulation layer, nearly 90% of the initial detectivity of PDs can be secured after 15 300 h of continuous operation in ambient conditions. The application of NWs PDs for solution‐processed reflective‐mode pulse oximetry is also demonstrated. This study provides valuable insights into developing efficient and ultra‐stable self‐powered perovskite PDs through interfacial engineering, which can accelerate the practical applications of this emerging technology.
A Universal Strategy for Constructing Robust and Antifouling Cellulose Nanocrystal Coating
Authors: Yang Wenshuai , Pan Mingfei , Zhang Jiawen , Zhang Ling , Lin Fengcai , Liu Xiong , Huang Charley , Chen Xing‐Zhen , Wang Jianmei , Yan Bin , Zeng Hongbo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSuper‐hydrophilic cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) hold great potential in fabricating antifouling surfaces based on their high‐water binding affinity. However, integrating CNCs as a robust surface coating on substrate still remains a challenge due to its limited surface adhesion property. Herein, inspired by marine bio‐adhesive strategy, a facile yet universal surface coating method is developed for tightly anchoring CNCs on various substrates with an intermediate adhesive layer composed of tannic acid (TA)/polyethylenimine (PEI)/vanadium(V). Introducing V3+ ions in the assembly process significantly reduces the roughness of the TA/PEI/V bio‐glue layer via coordination chemistry, thus achieving a CNCs coating with a highly‐dense structure and outstandingly low root‐mean‐square roughness (≈2 nm). The super‐hydrophilic CNCs coating exhibits universal and outstanding antifouling properties in inhibiting oil adhesion, protein adsorption or cell attachment, and maintaining its structural integrity and wettability over 100 friction cycles. Additionally, the CNCs‐coated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane shows an ultra‐high water flux over 6000 L m–2 h–1 bar–1 and achieves nearly 100% permeating flux recovery ratio for separation of toluene‐in‐water emulsion containing various foulants. This study demonstrates a universal coating method to settle the long‐standing challenge of robust integration of rigid materials to various substrates for broad engineering and environmental applications.
Natural Polymer in Soft Electronics: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Prospects
Authors: Gao Dace , Lv Jian , Lee Pooi See 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPollution caused by nondegradable plastics has been a serious threat to environmental sustainability. Natural polymers, which can degrade in nature, provide opportunities to replace petroleum‐based polymers, meanwhile driving technological advances and sustainable practices. In the research field of soft electronics, regenerated natural polymers are promising building blocks for passive dielectric substrates, active dielectric layers, and matrices in soft conductors. Here, the natural‐polymer polymorphs and their compatibilization with a variety of inorganic/organic conductors through interfacial bonding/intermixing and surface functionalization for applications in various device modalities are delineated. Challenges that impede the broad utilization of natural polymers in soft electronics, including limited durability, compromises between conductivity and deformability, and limited exploration in controllable degradation, etc. are explicitly inspected, while the potential solutions along with future prospects are also proposed. Finally, integrative considerations on material properties, device functionalities, and environmental impact are addressed to warrant natural polymers as credible alternatives to synthetic ones, and provide viable options for sustainable soft electronics.
Lattice Polarity Manipulation of Quasi‐vdW Epitaxial GaN Films on Graphene Through Interface Atomic Configuration
Authors: Liu Fang , Wang Tao , Zhang Zhihong , Shen Tong , Rong Xin , Sheng Bowen , Yang Liuyun , Li Duo , Wei Jiaqi , Sheng Shanshan , Li Xingguang , Chen Zhaoying , Tao Renchun , Yuan Ye , Yang Xuelin , Xu Fujun , Zhang Jingmin , Liu Kaihui , Li Xin‐Zheng , Shen Bo , Wang Xinqiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractQuasi van der Waals epitaxy, a pioneering epitaxy of sp3‐hybridized semiconductor films on sp2‐hybridized 2D materials, provides a way, in principle, to achieve single‐crystal epilayers with preferred atom configurations that are free of substrate. Unfortunately, this has not been experimentally confirmed in the case of the hexagonal semiconductor III‐nitride epilayer until now. Here, it is reported that the epitaxy of gallium nitride (GaN) on graphene can tune the atom arrangement (lattice polarity) through manipulation of the interface atomic configuration, where GaN films with gallium and nitrogen polarity are achieved by forming CONGa(3) or COGaN(3) configurations, respectively, on artificial CO surface dangling bonds by atomic oxygen pre‐irradiation on trilayer graphene. Furthermore, an aluminum nitride buffer/interlayer leads to unique metal polarity due to the formation of an AlON thin layer in a growth environment containing trace amounts of oxygen, which explains the open question of why those reported wurtzite III‐nitride films on 2D materials always exhibit metal polarity. The reported atomic modulation through interface manipulation provides an effective model for hexagonal nitride semiconductor layers grown on graphene, which definitely promotes the development of novel semiconductor devices.
Phosphorus‐Directed Rhodium‐Catalyzed C−H Arylation of 1‐Pyrenylphosphines Selective at the K‐Region
Authors: Sire Charline , Cattey Hélène , Tsivery Anthonia , Hierso Jean‐Cyrille , Roger Julien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractC−H arylation of 1‐pyrenylphosphine derivatives catalyzed by rhodium and directed by a diphenylphosphino group is selectively achieved at the K‐region, i. e. 4‐, 5‐, 9‐, or 10‐position of the pyrene moiety. This peri C−H activation/arylation of pyrenes using (hetero)aryl bromide coupling partners tolerates both electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups on the arene, and provides isolated yields of products between 25% to 90%, including from bulky polyaromatic bromoarene substrates. We achieved investigations directed at the formation and reactivity of pertinent intermediate species in this C−H arylation reaction. The P‐ligand coordination at rhodium was established using 31P NMR and XRD analysis, and we isolated five‐membered rhodacycles as intermediates to the directed C−H functionalization. The data obtained overall supported the occurrence of a cationic rhodium catalytic process. We further described the access to a large class of pyrenylphosphine ligands and their selenated derivatives. Phosphine selenation allows to rapidly estimate from 1JP=Se values the basic character of the ligand in the perspective of their use for coordination. Accordingly, linear P‐coordinated Au(I) gold complexes were isolated, in addition to the variously coordinated Rh(III) complexes. The present methodology significantly extends the scope of polyaromatics that are functionalizable at the K‐Region by direct C−H activation, beyond smaller‐sized naphtalenes and aminopyrenes.magnified image
Thiol‐Functionalized Cellulose Wrapped Copperoxide as a Green Nano Catalyst for Regiospecific Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Application in Rufinamide Synthesis
Authors: Selim Abdul , Neethu K. M. , Gowri Vijayendran , Sartaliya Shaifali , Kaur Sharanjeet , Jayamurugan Govindasamy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the past few decades, click chemistry (CuAAC reaction) has seen tremendous development both in terms of catalyst designing and method development because 1,2,3‐triazoles products have shown enormous applications in various fields. The sought after azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction catalyzed by smaller‐sized (∼7 nm) Cu(I/II) oxide nanoparticles (CuI/IIO NPs) supported by thiol‐functionalized cellulose provided triazole products in excellent yields (90–98%) with remarkable 1,4‐regioselectivity, including the 10 g scale synthesis of a rufinamide drug intermediate. The possible reasons for this exceptional activity are the higher ratio of Cu (I), along with the smaller‐sized and homogeneously dispersed colloidal nature of CuI/IIO NPs. Most importantly, the reaction underwent industrially friendly greener conditions such as aqueous medium, room temperature, and no additives, etc., suggesting promising for practical applications. The as‐prepared catalyst was recycled and reused up to 5 cycles by simply filtering the precipitate 1,2,3‐triazoles products without losing significant activity.
An ultra‐sensitive immunoassay detects and quantifies soluble Aβ oligomers in human plasma
Authors: Liu Lei , Kwak Hyunchang , Lawton Trebor L. , Jin Shan‐Xue , Meunier Angela L. , Dang Yifan , Ostaszewski Beth , Pietras Alison C. , Stern Andrew M. , Selkoe Dennis J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionEvidence strongly suggests that soluble oligomers of amyloid beta protein (oAβ) help initiate the pathogenic cascade of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To date, there have been no validated assays specific for detecting and quantifying oAβ in human blood.MethodsWe developed an ultrasensitive oAβ immunoassay using a novel capture antibody (71A1) with N‐terminal antibody 3D6 for detection that specifically quantifies soluble oAβ in the human brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma.ResultsTwo new antibodies (71A1; 1G5) are oAβ‐selective, label Aβ plaques in non‐fixed AD brain sections, and potently neutralize the synaptotoxicity of AD brain‐derived oAβ. The 71A1/3D6 assay showed excellent dilution linearity in CSF and plasma without matrix effects, good spike recovery, and specific immunodepletion.DiscussionWe have created a sensitive, high throughput, and inexpensive method to quantify synaptotoxic oAβ in human plasma for analyzing large cohorts of aged and AD subjects to assess the dynamics of this key pathogenic species and response to therapy.
Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among veterans experiencing housing insecurity
Authors: Jutkowitz Eric , Halladay Christopher , Tsai Jack , Hooshyar Dina , Quach Lien , O'Toole Thomas , Rudolph James L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionHousing insecure veterans are aging, but the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) in the population is unknown.MethodsWe calculated the prevalence of AD/ADRD diagnoses in 2018 among veterans that experienced homelessness, were at‐risk for homelessness, or were stably housed. We determined acute care (emergency department, hospitalizations, psychiatric hospitalizations), and any long‐term care (nursing home, and community‐based) use by housing status among veterans with an AD/ADRD diagnosis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of AD/ADRD diagnoses for homeless, at‐risk, and stably housed veterans was 3.66%, 13.48%, and 3.04%, respectively. Housing insecure veterans with AD/ADRD used more acute care, and were more likely to have a nursing home admission compared to stably housed veterans. At risk, but not homeless veterans, were more likely to use US Department of Veterans Affairs–paid home and community‐based care than stably housed veterans.DiscussionThe prevalence of AD/ADRD diagnoses is greater among housing insecure veterans than stably housed veterans.
Engagement of vascular early response genes typifies mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Katsel Pavel , Fam Peter , Tan Weilun , Khan Sonia , Gama‐Sosa Miguel , De Gasperi Rita , Roussos Panos , Robinson Ari , Cooper Itzik , Schnaider‐Beeri Michal , Haroutunian Vahram 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionMolecular responses in the brains of persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the earliest transitional state between normal aging and early Alzheimer's disease (AD), are poorly understood.MethodsWe examined AD‐related neuropathology and transcriptome changes in the neocortex of individuals with MCI relative to controls and temporal responses to the mild hypoxia in mouse brains.ResultsSubsets of vascular early response to hypoxia genes were upregulated in MCI prior to the buildup of AD neuropathology. Early activation of pro‐angiogenic hypoxia‐inducible factor signaling in response to mild hypoxia was detected in mouse brains similar to those that were altered in MCI. Protracted responses to hypoxia were characterized by activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)‐protein kinase B (Akt)‐the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways in brain microvessel isolates.DiscussionThese findings suggest that cerebrovascular remodeling is an important antecedent to the development of dementia and a component of the homeostatic response to reduced oxygen tension in aging prior to the onset of AD.