bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic inequalities in birth outcomes: An 11-year analysis in Colombia
Authors: Guarnizo-Herreño Carol C. , Torres Gabriel , Buitrago Giancarlo 
Published: July 2021

Objective
To examine socioeconomic inequalities in birth outcomes among infants born between 2008 and 2018 and assessed trends in inequalities during that period in Colombia, a middle-income country with high levels of inequality emerging from a long internal armed conflict.

Methods
Using birth certificate data in Colombia, we analysed the outcomes of low birth weight, an Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes after birth and the number of prenatal visits among full-term pregnancies. Maternal education and health insurance schemes were used as socioeconomic position (SEP) indicators. Inequalities were estimated using the prevalence/mean of the outcomes across categories of the SEP indicators and calculating the relative and slope indices of inequality (RII and SII, respectively).

Results
Among the 5,433,265 full-term singleton births analysed, there was a slight improvement in the outcomes analysed over the study period (lower low-birth-weight and Apgar<7 prevalence rates and higher number of prenatal visits). We observed a general pattern of social gradients and significant relative (RII) and absolute (SII) inequalities for all outcomes across both SEP indicators. RII and SII estimates with their corresponding CIs revealed a general picture of no significant changes in inequalities over time, with some particular, time-dependent exceptions. When comparing the initial and final years of our study period, inequalities in low birth weight related to maternal education increased while those in Apgar score <7 decreased. Relative inequalities across health insurance schemes increased for the two birth outcomes but decreased for the number of prenatal visits.

Conclusion
The lack of a consistent improvement in the magnitude of inequalities in birth outcomes over an 11-year period is a worrying issue because it could aggravate the cycle of inequality, given the influence of birth outcomes on health, social and economic outcomes throughout the life course. The findings of our analysis emphasize the importance of policies aimed at providing access to quality education and providing a health care system with universal coverage and high levels of integration.
Socioeconomic variation in characteristics, outcomes, and healthcare utilization of COVID-19 patients in New York City
Authors: Zhang Yongkang , Khullar Dhruv , Wang Fei , Steel Peter , Wu Yiyuan , Orlander Duncan , Weiner Mark , Kaushal Rainu 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesThere is limited evidence on how clinical outcomes differ by socioeconomic conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most studies focused on COVID-19 patients from a single hospital. Results based on patients from multiple health systems have not been reported. The objective of this study is to examine variation in patient characteristics, outcomes, and healthcare utilization by neighborhood social conditions among COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe extracted electronic health record data for 23,300 community dwelling COVID-19 patients in New York City between March 1stand June 11th, 2020 from all care settings, including hospitalized patients, patients who presented to the emergency department without hospitalization, and patients with ambulatory visits only. Zip Code Tabulation Area—level social conditions were measured by the Social Deprivation Index (SDI). Using logistic regressions and Cox proportional-hazards models, we examined the association between SDI quintiles and hospitalization and death, controlling for race, ethnicity, and other patient characteristics.ResultsAmong 23,300 community dwelling COVID-19 patients, 60.7% were from neighborhoods with disadvantaged social conditions (top SDI quintile), although these neighborhoods only account for 34% of overall population. Compared to socially advantaged patients (bottom SDI quintile), socially disadvantaged patients (top SDI quintile) were older (median age 55 vs. 53, P<0.001), more likely to be black (23.1% vs. 6.4%, P<0.001) or Hispanic (25.4% vs. 8.5%, P<0.001), and more likely to have chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes: 21.9% vs. 10.5%, P<0.001). Logistic and Cox regressions showed that patients with disadvantaged social conditions had higher risk for hospitalization (odds ratio: 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.46, 1.94]; P<0.001) and mortality (hazard ratio: 1.91; 95% CI: [1.35, 2.70]; P<0.001), adjusting for other patient characteristics.ConclusionSubstantial socioeconomic disparities in health outcomes exist among COVID-19 patients in NYC. Disadvantaged neighborhood social conditions were associated with higher risk for hospitalization, severity of disease, and death.
The effects of the measures against COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity among school-aged children and adolescents (6–17 years) in 2020: A protocol for systematic review
Authors: Hu Donglin , Zhang He , Sun Yingshuang , Li Yongqin 
Published: July 2021

Background
The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has greatly changed people’s daily lives, forcing countries to take actions, such as school shutdown, lockdown, isolation, and social distancing measures. It remains unclear how the closures, cancellations, and restrictions of schools and courses as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic affect the engagement of school-aged children and adolescents in relation to physical activity (PA).

Methods
The articles in the databases of EBSCO (including AMED, CINAHL Plus, Health Business, Health Source MEDLINE with Full Text, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus) published during the period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020 will be retrieved, and the data in the selected articles are extracted, including research methods, demographics, and key results. Search outcomes were reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) will be used to evaluate research quality. Two reviewers are responsible for completing the three tasks, namely selecting the articles that meet the inclusion criteria, extracting data in the articles selected, and evaluating their research quality. All findings, and especially primary outcomes will be summarized in a table format of findings. The results will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence for researchers in this subject area.

Aim
The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on PA in children and adolescents aged 6–17 years during 2020. 1). What impact has the COVID-19 pandemic had on PA levels in school-aged children and adolescents? 2). Investigating changes in the locations of school-aged children’s and adolescents’ PA between the pre-COVID-19 period (January 2020) and the COVID-19 period (December 2020).

Results
We hope that this study will provide government authorities and health professionals with the necessary information in guiding actions and allocating resources, so that the situation of physical inactivity in school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic can be improved, thereby enhancing their physical health.

Protocol registration number
This review was submitted and registered under CRD42020225976 in PROSPERO.
Academic emotions in giving genre-based peer feedback: an emotional intelligence perspective
Authors: Li Mo , Reynolds Barry Lee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Researchers have become interested in the emotion in feedback situations, yet little research has examined peer feedback-giving emotions. Giving feedback is emotionally laden and it is challenging and demanding for feedback givers to manage their emotions. Uncovering how feedback givers regulate their emotions as well as determining what influences them could extend the current understanding of the peer feedback-giving process. Informed by emotional intelligence (EI) (Goleman, Daniel. 1995. Emotional intelligence. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.), a notion describing an individual’s ability to monitor and manage one’s own and others’ emotions, this case study investigated how two Chinese Ph.D. English as a foreign language students utilized EI to regulate their feedback-giving process on research proposal writing. Data was collected from research proposal drafts and revisions, peer feedback, self-reported emotions, interviews, and stimulated recalls. The textual and qualitative data analysis revealed that individual differences existed regarding feedback focus, strategies, and emotions. The findings suggested that the feedback givers adopted different EI patterns to regulate their feedback giving process under the influence of five factors: goals and purposes, prior feedback experience, time constraints, the intimacy of relations, and the feedback givers’ perceived significance of the sections in a research proposal. Practical implications for teachers, supervisors, and students were discussed.
Thermal conductivity of untreated and chemically treated poplar bark and wood
Authors: Vay Oliver , Busquets-Ferrer María , Emsenhuber Gerhard , Huber Christian , Gindl-Altmutter Wolfgang , Hansmann Christian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The thermal insulation properties of bark and wood of a poplar tree (Populus nigra × alba) were investigated using a guarded hot plate device (GHP) and a purpose-built miniature heat flow meter (Mini-HFM). To reduce their density and improve their performance as insulation material, bark and wood were chemically treated. The correlation between thermal conductivity and test temperature as well as between thermal conductivity and material moisture was investigated. By means of the treatment 44 and 34% of the mass of bark and wood, respectively, was removed and the equilibrium moisture content of the both materials decreased significantly. For untreated bark, a thermal conductivity of 0.071 Wm−1 K−1 and 0.140 Wm−1 K−1, respectively, were determined in transverse and axial direction. For wood, measurements showed comparably higher conductivities of 0.078 Wm−1 K−1 and 0.204 Wm−1 K−1 in transverse and axial direction. By reducing density, thermal conductivity of bark decreased up to 24%, whereas for wood reductions between 10 and 35% were found. It was shown that the self-constructed Mini-HFM is a useful and reliable instrument to determine the thermal conductivity on a small wood sample in the three main anatomical directions.
The association between serum vitamin D and mood disorders in a cohort of lipedema patients
Authors: Al-Wardat Mohammad , Alwardat Nuha , Lou De Santis Gemma , Zomparelli Samantha , Gualtieri Paola , Bigioni Giulia , Romano Lorenzo , Di Renzo Laura 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The association between serum Vitamin D (Vit. D) and mood disorders in lipedema patients has not been investigated. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between serum Vit. D, depression and anxiety risk.

Methods
A cross-sectional cohort of lipedema patients were investigated by collecting the clinical and demographic data. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and the Hamilton of Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) were used to evaluating the risk of depression and anxiety. Serum concentrations of Vit. D were measured. The association between Vit. D levels and both HAM-A and HAM-D scores were statistically examined by bivariate and partial correlations.

Results
Forty lipedema patients were enrolled in this study. Around two-thirds of them had a higher depression or anxiety risk, and 77.5% were under the normal serum Vit. D levels. A significant and inverse correlation was observed between serum Vit. D levels and both HAM-D (r=−0.661, p<0.001), and HAM-A (r=−0.496, p=0.001) scores. This strong association was sustained after the statistical model adjusted for the main potential confounding factors (age, body mass index (BMI), disease duration, and lipedema stages). Additionally, serum Vit. D correlated significantly and inversely with BMI (r=−0.647, p<0.001). Moreover, BMI significantly correlated with HAM-D: r=0.560, p<0.001, and HAM-A: r=0.511, p=0.00.

Conclusions
This study suggests a strong correlation between Vit. D levels, depression scores, and anxiety scores in lipedema patients. Our results also demonstrate a strong and direct relationship between BMI, Vit. D levels, depression, and anxiety.
Effect of hydrogen, and vapors of water and organic compounds on the structure of Sr2CuO3
Authors: Bobylev Igor B. , Naumov Sergey V. , Zyuzeva Natalia A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The effect of hydrogen, and vapors of water and the simplest organic compounds of various classes on the structure of strontium orthocuprate (Sr2CuO3) in the temperature range of 150–300 °C has been investigated. At temperatures up to 200 °C, hydrogen and water are embedded in the structure of Sr2CuO3 from the annealing atmosphere. Under these conditions, organic compounds are oxidized to form water followed by hydration of Sr2CuO3. It has been revealed that Sr2CuO3 is a catalyst for oxidation reactions. Water absorption > 2 wt.% provokes hydrolytic decomposition of Sr2CuO3 with the formation of strontium hydroxide and copper-richer cuprates (SrCuO2 and SrCu2O3). At a temperature of 300 °C, organic compounds partially reduce copper, which is also the cause of the decomposition of Sr2CuO3.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[bis(µ2-3,5-bis(1-imidazolyl)pyridine-κ2
N:N′)-(µ2-3-nitrophthalato-k3
O,O′:O″)cadmium(II)] dihydrate, C30H25N11O8Cd
Authors: Yin Wei-Dong , Liu Qian-Long , Zhao Ya-Jing , Gong Xiao-Ru , Li Gui-Lian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
C30H25N11O8Cd, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 17.9344(3) Å, b = 18.2722(3) Å, c = 9.5619(2) Å, V = 3133.44(10) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0345, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0707, T = 293.28(10) K.
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(2-(3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)pyridine-κ2
N:N′)-bis(3,5-dicarboxybenzoato-κ1
O)cobalt(II), C38H30CoN12O14
Authors: Yong-Hua Zhang , Wen Meng-Yao , Yan Ke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
C38H30CoN12O14, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 6.9503(3) Å, b = 7.0244(4) Å, c = 20.1182(9) Å, α = 92.261(4)°, β = 95.206(4)°, γ = 104.600(4)°, V = 944.59(8) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0408, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0910, T = 287 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-ethyl 2-((4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methyleneaminooxy)acetate, C14H13NO5
Authors: Yoo Miri , Koh Dongsoo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
C14H13NO5, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 4.6967(7) Å, b = 10.7175(16) Å, c = 12.945(2) Å, β = 94.827(8)°, V = 649.30(17) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0577, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1302, T = 223(2) K.
Research on nano-concrete-filled steel tubular columns with end plates after lateral impact
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyong , Xia Chang , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper presents thirteen square columns to study the behavior of nano-concrete-filled steel tubular columns with end plates after lateral impact. The failure modes of the square columns subjected to lateral impact damage or not subjected to lateral impact damage were compared. The lateral impact loading height, steel tubular thickness, and column height were set as the test parameters in these tests. The effects of test parameters on the ultimate capacity, initial stiffness, and ductility of columns are discussed in this paper. The bearing capacity of square columns is decreased because of the lateral impact loading which can also be concluded from the test results. And with the steel tube thickness increasing, the bearing capacity and initial stiffness of columns are increased and ductility has no obvious change. However, with the column height increasing, the bearing capacity and stiffness of columns are decreased and ductility is increased. Furthermore, the strain development of the columns under axial compressive loading is also discussed in the paper. The results indicated that the corner of the square column is more easily damaged under compressive loading. According to the test results, the calculated formula is proposed to predict the ultimate capacity of nano-concrete-filled steel tubular columns with end plates after lateral impact. The calculated results have a good agreement with the test results.
Cold Water Immersion Offers No Functional or Perceptual Benefit Compared to a Sham Intervention During a Resistance Training Program
Authors: Wilson Laura J. , Dimitriou Lygeri , Hills Frank A. , Gondek Marcela B. , van Wyk Aléchia , Turek Vlad , Rivkin Taylor , Villiere Alex , Jarvis Paul , Miller Stuart , Turner Anthony , Cockburn Emma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Wilson, LJ, Dimitriou, L, Hills, FA, Gondek, MB, van Wyk, A, Turek, V, Rivkin, T, Villiere, A, Jarvis, P, Miller, S, Turner, A, and Cockburn, E. Cold water immersion offers no functional or perceptual benefit compared to a sham intervention during a resistance training program. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2720–2727, 2021—Cold water immersion (CWI) is regularly used by athletes as a postexercise recovery strategy, but relatively little is understood about potential training adaptations associated with habitual use. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of repeated CWI or a sham intervention on adaptations to a lower body resistance training program. Thirteen men (26 ± 6 years; 83.6 ± 15.7 kg) familiar with resistance training were allocated into a CWI (10 minutes at 10° C) or sham group and completed 2 × 4-week blocks of lower body resistance training. Subjects completed a total of 16 training sessions (2 × session·week−1), with each session immediately followed by their allocated recovery intervention. Measures of perceptual markers, muscle function, and muscle architecture were recorded at baseline, midpoint, and post-training. Data were analyzed using factorial analysis of variances. The training program resulted in significant increases in muscle fibre pennation angle (p = 0.009), isometric peak force (p = 0.018), and 1/4 squat (p < 0.001) with no differences between groups (all p > 0.05). There were no differences in perceptual responses between groups. Despite the popularity of CWI as a postexercise recovery intervention, the findings from the present study demonstrated no functional or perceptual benefit compared with a sham intervention during progressive strength and power training. Furthermore, there was no detrimental impact of CWI on morphological adaptations after 16 exposures. These findings are important for athletes and practitioners wishing to use CWI as an acute recovery strategy after training, without blunting potential training adaptations.
Circadian rhythms of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids and ∆5-steroid sulfates in healthy men
Authors: Turcu Adina F , Zhao Lili , Chen Xuan , Yang Rebecca , Rege Juilee , Rainey William E , Veldhuis Johannes D , Auchus Richard J 
Published: July 2021

Background
Many hormones display distinct circadian rhythms, driven by central regulators, hormonal bioavailability, and half-life. A set of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids (11-oxyandrogens) and pregnenolone sulfate (PregS) are elevated in congenital adrenal hyperplasia and other disorders, but their circadian patterns have not been characterized.

Participants and methods
Peripheral blood was collected every 2 h over 24 h from healthy volunteer men (10 young, 18–30 years, and 10 older, 60–80 years). We used mass spectrometry to quantify 15 steroids, including androstenedione (A4), testosterone (T), 11β-hydroxy- and 11-ketotestosterone (11OHT, 11KT),11β-hydroxy- and 11-ketoandrostenedione (11OHA4, 11KA4), and 4 ∆5-steroid sulfates. Diurnal models including mesor (rhythm adjusted median), peak, and nadir concentrations, acrophase, and amplitude were computed.

Results
11OHA4 followed a rhythm similar to cortisol: acrophase 8:00 h, nadir 21:00 h and were similar in young and old men. 11KT had similar diurnal patterns, but the peak was lower in older than in young men, as was the case for A4. All four steroid sulfates were higher in young vs older men. PregS and 17-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate (17OHPregS) showed sustained elevations between 8:00 and 18:00 h, and nadirs around midnight, while DHEAS and AdiolS displayed minimal diurnal variations. All 4 11-oxyandrogens correlated tightly with cortisol (r from 0.54 for 11OHT to 0.81 for 11OHA4, P  < 0.0001 for all), but very weakly with T, supporting their adrenal origin and ACTH governance.

Conclusions
11-Oxyandrogens, PregS, and 17OHPregS display distinct circadian and age variations, which should be accounted for when used as clinical biomarkers.
The vision of sustainable sport in a backcasting research
Authors: Köves Alexandra , Szathmári Attila , Herr Orsolya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is now becoming widely accepted that our economy has reached the limits both in terms of the carrying capacity of our planet and in terms of bringing real social justice to the table. Degrowth is a research area that aims to transcend mainstream approaches. While moving beyond the growth paradigm would entail serious changes in all areas of social life and Degrowth research extends into most of them, the transformation of sports is not among them. Neither is Degrowth a recognised concept among those who deal with sports. The participatory backcasting research introduced in this paper attempts to fill this void. In the backcasting project, master students of sports economics envisioned the sustainable future of sports and identified potential intervention steps that lead towards such normative states. This paper describes the results and assesses those elements that aim for strong sustainability. The results show that relocalisation and the sharing economy are the most accepted Degrowth concepts in a normative scenario on sustainable sports in this group. At the same time, the paper offers frameworks of thoughts for those who want to move beyond the slogans of sustainability either as responsible citizens or in positions related to the world of sports.
Sensitivity of long‐term EEG monitoring as a second diagnostic step in the initial diagnosis of epilepsy
Authors: Renzel Roland , Tschaler Lucas , Mothersill Ian , Imbach Lukas L. , Poryazova Rosita 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjective: In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and negative predictive value of long‐term EEG (L‐EEG) in patients being assessed for epilepsy, who had already undergone non‐specific standard EEG(s) (S‐EEG). Secondary endpoints of this study were: (1) the correlation of non‐specific changes on EEG with epileptiform patterns on L‐EEG; and (2) the correlation of clinical parameters such as subjective frequency of seizures or epileptogenic lesions on cerebral imaging with epileptiform changes on L‐EEG.Methods: We retrospectively analysed clinical and electrophysiological data of 75 patients, assessed for epilepsy at the University Hospital Zurich, who had undergone an L‐EEG for at least 48 hours, between 2010 and 2015. All patients had already undergone S‐EEG(s) before L‐EEG, which showed no epileptic changes. Furthermore, the association with clinical parameters, such as frequency of presumptive seizures, abnormalities on standard‐EEG, AED intake and cerebral imaging with the final diagnosis, was analysed.Results: Out of 75 patients, 14 (19%) patients were finally diagnosed with epilepsy. In eight of these patients, L‐EEGs showed typical ictal/interictal patterns, with a sensitivity of 57% and negative predictive value of 91%. Neither the subjective frequency of seizures nor potentially epileptogenic lesions on cerebral imaging were associated with a positive epilepsy diagnosis.Significance: In this preselected cohort of patients, who had already undergone a non‐diagnostic S‐EEG, the sensitivity of L‐EEG remained considerable. Nonetheless, our study also revealed a significant false‐negative rate. Based on the high negative predictive value in this study, L‐EEG appears to be most useful at excluding epilepsy. Nevertheless, thorough evaluation of seizure history and clinical findings remain crucial for a reliable diagnosis.