bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setting population-size targets for geese causing socio-economic conflicts
Authors: Johnson Fred A. , Heldbjerg Henning , Nagy Szabolcs , Madsen Jesper 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMost European goose populations have increased exponentially, and this has increasingly brought them into conflict with human activities. To manage this conflict, we used multi-criteria decision analysis to help set population targets for a super-abundant population of greylag geese (Anser anser). We relied on expert elicitation to assess the consequences of varying goose abundance on nine ecological, economic, and societal objectives. Representatives from national governments and from non-governmental organizations then weighted the objectives based on their perceived relative importance, and we used a consensus-convergence model to reach stakeholder agreement on the tradeoffs among objectives. The preferred population targets for two management units represent about a 20% reduction from current abundances, which from a management perspective would require considerable effort above and beyond current population-control measures. We believe that multi-criteria decision analysis can provide a systematic and transparent framework for building consensus among diverse stakeholders in a wide array of human-wildlife conflicts.
Temporal trends in opportunistic citizen science reports across multiple taxa
Authors: Knape Jonas , Coulson Stephen James , van der Wal René , Arlt Debora 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOpportunistic reporting of species observations to online platforms provide one of the most extensive sources of information about the distribution and status of organisms in the wild. The lack of a clear sampling design, and changes in reporting over time, leads to challenges when analysing these data for temporal change in organisms. To better understand temporal changes in reporting, we use records submitted to an online platform in Sweden (Artportalen), currently containing 80 million records. Focussing on five taxonomic groups, fungi, plants, beetles, butterflies and birds, we decompose change in reporting into long-term and seasonal trends, and effects of weekdays, holidays and weather variables. The large surge in number of records since the launch of the, initially taxa-specific, portals is accompanied by non-trivial long-term and seasonal changes that differ between the taxonomic groups and are likely due to changes in, and differences between, the user communities and observer behaviour.
Methods of yield stability analysis in long-term field experiments. A review
Authors: Reckling Moritz , Ahrends Hella , Chen Tsu-Wei , Eugster Werner , Hadasch Steffen , Knapp Samuel , Laidig Friedrich , Linstädter Anja , Macholdt Janna , Piepho Hans-Peter , Schiffers Katja , Döring Thomas F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the face of a changing climate, yield stability is becoming increasingly important for farmers and breeders. Long-term field experiments (LTEs) generate data sets that allow the quantification of stability for different agronomic treatments. However, there are no commonly accepted guidelines for assessing yield stability in LTEs. The large diversity of options impedes comparability of results and reduces confidence in conclusions. Here, we review and provide guidance for the most commonly encountered methodological issues when analysing yield stability in LTEs. The major points we recommend and discuss in individual sections are the following: researchers should (1) make data quality and methodological approaches in the analysis of yield stability from LTEs as transparent as possible; (2) test for and deal with outliers; (3) investigate and include, if present, potentially confounding factors in the statistical model; (4) explore the need for detrending of yield data; (5) account for temporal autocorrelation if necessary; (6) make explicit choice for the stability measures and consider the correlation between some of the measures; (7) consider and account for dependence of stability measures on the mean yield; (8) explore temporal trends of stability; and (9) report standard errors and statistical inference of stability measures where possible. For these issues, we discuss the pros and cons of the various methodological approaches and provide solutions and examples for illustration. We conclude to make ample use of linking up data sets, and to publish data, so that different approaches can be compared by other authors and, finally, consider the impacts of the choice of methods on the results when interpreting results of yield stability analyses. Consistent use of the suggested guidelines and recommendations may provide a basis for robust analyses of yield stability in LTEs and to subsequently design stable cropping systems that are better adapted to a changing climate.
Soil erosion and sediment transport modelling using hydrological models and remote sensing techniques in Wadi Billi, Egypt
Authors: Almasalmeh O. , Saleh Ahmed Adel , Mourad Khaldoon A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractModelling soil erosion and sediment transport are vital to assess the impact of the flash floods. However, limited research works have studied sediment transport, especially in Egypt. This paper employs the HEC-HMS lumped hydrological model to predict the sediment load due to the flood event of 9th March 2014 in Wadi Billi, Egypt. The Modified USLE model has been used to calculate the total upland erosion, while Laursen-Copeland has been used to simulate load streams’ sediment transport potential. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been applied over Landsat 8 image captured on 20th February 2014 using ArcMap 10.5 to determine the vegetation cover based on its spectral footprint. The resulted sedigraph showed accumulation of more than five thousand tons of sediments at the Wadi’s outlet. The results are crucial to design a suitable stormwater management system to protect the downstream urban area and to use flood water for groundwater recharge.
Advances in ethics education in the history classroom: after intersections of moral and historical consciousness
Authors: Löfström Jan , Ammert Niklas , Edling Silvia , Sharp Heather 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUsing the history classroom as a context for ethics and moral education is a long, but also contested, tradition. Recently, more emphasis has been put on how to incorporate ethics education, with this paper exploring the spaces of ethics and moral education in the history classroom. It is argued here that insights from moral philosophy and theories of historical consciousness, but – importantly – also moral psychology and the study of moral emotions, are needed to realise the potential of history teaching and learning to support ethics education. Following this line, three spaces of ethics education in the history classroom are identified in this paper, including: reasoning about the moral quality of historical actors’ conduct; the use of historical empathy (perspective-taking); and reflection of the past’s moral meaning to the present and the future. As an example of how to implement this, a set of stimulus activities is presented that is designed for the classroom and a qualitative analysis of students’ responses that explicate expressions of students’ moral reasoning, perspective-taking, and historical consciousness.
Difference in mood at work and home. An additional indicator of job satisfaction
Authors: Gaucher Renaud , Burger Martijn , Veenhoven Ruut 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNew techniques for multiple moment assessment allow us to assess how people feel at different times of the day. These techniques are mostly used to assess how well people feel during particular activities, such as during work or childcare. In this paper we focus on thedifferencein how well people feel at work and at home. The following questions are addressed: 1) How large is the difference in mood at work and at home? 2) How much does the difference in mood at work and at home vary across kinds of people and occupations? 3) Is the difference in mood at work and at home associated with job satisfaction as measured using common general retrospective ratings or does it tap another aspect of job satisfaction? We explore answers to these questions, using data from a diary study in the Netherlands, done using an e-application of the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) in which 1,410 people provided information about mood experienced in 32,000 episodes. We found that the average difference in mood at work and at home is small in this sample but that it varies across people and occupations. We found a low correlation of the difference in mood with the respondent’s retrospective ratings of their general job satisfaction, which suggests that there is more in the phenomena of job satisfaction than is measured using the usual questions on general job satisfaction. This, as yet unrecognized, aspect of job satisfaction is likely to add to information demands behind common measurements of job satisfaction, that is, to indicate the quality of the work conditions and estimate chances to improve worker performance and reduce turnover by making work more satisfying. We suggest an agenda for research in these areas of possible gains.
Operating an HPC/HTC Cluster with Fully Containerized Jobs Using HTCondor, Singularity, CephFS and CVMFS
Authors: Freyermuth Oliver , Wienemann Peter , Bechtle Philip , Desch Klaus 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHigh performance and high throughput computing (HPC/HTC) is challenged by ever increasing demands on the software stacks and more and more diverging requirements by different research communities. This led to a reassessment of the operational concept of HPC/HTC clusters at the Physikalisches Institut at the University of Bonn. As a result, the present HPC/HTC cluster (named BAF2) introduced various conceptual changes compared to conventional clusters. All jobs are now run in containers and a container-aware resource management system is used which allowed us to switch to a model without login/head nodes. Furthermore, a modern, feature-rich storage system with powerful interfaces has been deployed. We describe the design considerations, the implemented functionality and the operational experience gained with this new-generation setup which turned out to be very successful and well-accepted by its users.
Two novel protocols for optimizing energy consumption in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks using fuzzy logic for monitoring, diagnosis and target tracking
Authors: Koosheshi Kambiz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, we present two novel protocols for optimizing energy consumption in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks for supervising the environment and multi-target detecting and tracking in real large-scale areas. The use of mobile sink in wireless sensor networks, despite its numerous advantages, is impossible in the majority of environments. Hence, by utilization of a novel scheme for duty cycle integrated with fuzzy logic, despite using a fixed base station, the propose protocol can enhance network lifetime even more than those protocols which use mobile sink for data collection. In this protocol, by introducing an unequal clustering method based on fuzzy logic, the possibility of energy holes problem is very far from expectation. Simulation of the proposed protocol through Matlab indicated that the proposed method outperformed other available methods with regard to preventing energy hole. Consequently, network lifetime is enhanced even in large-sized networks.
Community capability building for environmental conservation in Lake Biwa (Japan) through an adaptive and abductive approach
Authors: Kondo Yasuhisa , Fujisawa Eiichi , Ishikawa Kanako , Nakahara Satoe , Matsushita Kyohei , Asano Satoshi , Kamatani Kaoru , Suetsugu Satoko , Kano Kei , Kumazawa Terukazu , Sato Kenichi , Okuda Noboru 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the south basin of Lake Biwa, Shiga, Japan, overgrown aquatic weeds (submerged macrophytes) impede cruising boats and cause unpleasant odors and undesirable waste when washed ashore. To address this socio-ecological problem, Shiga Prefectural Government implemented a public program to remove overgrown weeds and compost them ashore to conserve the lake environment, while coastal inhabitants and occasional volunteers remove weeds from the beaches to maintain the quality of the living environment. However, these effects are limited because of disjointed social networks. We applied an adaptive and abductive approach to develop community capability to jointly address this problem by sharing academic knowledge with local actors and empowering them. The initial multifaceted reviews, including interviews and postal questionnaire surveys, revealed that the agro-economic value of composted weeds declined in historical and socio-psychological contexts and that most of the unengaged public relied on local governments to address environmental problems. These findings were synthesized and assessed with workshop participants, including local inhabitants, governmental agents, businesspeople, social entrepreneurs, and research experts, to unearth the best solution. The workshops resulted in the development of an e-point system, calledBiwa Point, to promote and acknowledge voluntary environmental conservation activities, including beach cleaning. It may contribute to enhancing the socio-ecological capability of communities. Additionally, ethical issues, such as publication of inconvenient truths, undesired interpretation by the researchers, and social constraints in research methods, arose through our research practice.
The Momo Challenge: measuring the extent to which YouTube portrays harmful and helpful depictions of a suicide game
Authors: Kobilke Lara , Markiewitz Antonia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSuicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents (15 to 29 years), who are in a life stage of exceptional vulnerability and susceptibility to depictions of non-suicidal self-injury and suicide. Allegedly, the suicide game Momo Challenge used this vulnerability to demand their players to perform self-harming dares and, ultimately, commit suicide. This study gives insight into the content, engagement rates and community formation of Momo Challenge videos on YouTube. We combine a network analysis (n = 209) with a manual content analysis of the videos (n = 105; 50%). Results show that more than two thirds of the videos include some form of harmful depiction. In addition, videos with a higher extent of harmful depictions are more likely to be engaged with, e.g., through likes (ρ = 0.332, p < 0.001). We discuss how YouTube has responded to the challenge and which implications arise for practice and theory.
The effect of nursing self-care educational intervention on depression in women with breast cancer undergoing post-mastectomy chemotherapy: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Bouya Salehoddin , Barahoie Zeynab , Kiani Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Background and objective:
Depression is one of the most common psychological reactions that patients show during diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of nursing self-care educational intervention on reducing depression in women with breast cancer undergoing post-mastectomy chemotherapy.

Methods:
This quasi-experimental study (pre-test-post-test) was performed on 90 women with breast cancer undergoing post-mastectomy chemotherapy referred to two teaching hospitals in southeastern Iran from September 1, 2019, to December 1, 2020. Patients were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention (nursing self-care educational intervention) and control (routine care) groups. The standard BDI-13 instrument was used to assess depression.

Results:
In this study, the mean age of patients in the intervention and control groups was 46.20 and 44.64, respectively. The results showed that the nursing self-care educational intervention in the intervention group compared to the control group significantly reduced depression in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy after mastectomy (p = 0.001).

Conclusion:
According to the results of the present study, nursing self-care educational intervention can be used as an effective and cost-effective adjunctive therapy along with common treatments to reduce depression in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy after mastectomy.

Highlights
REFLEXIVITY INDEX AND IRRATIONAL ROTATIONS
Authors: MA BINGZHANG , HARRISON K. J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe determine the reflexivity index of some closed set lattices by constructing maps relative to irrational rotations. For example, various nests of closed balls and some topological spaces, such as even-dimensional spheres and a wedge of two circles, have reflexivity index 2. We also show that a connected double of spheres has reflexivity index at most 2.
Prenatal maternal transdiagnostic, RDoC-informed predictors of newborn neurobehavior: Differences by sex
Authors: Gao Mengyu (Miranda) , Ostlund Brendan , Brown Mindy A. , Kaliush Parisa R. , Terrell Sarah , Vlisides-Henry Robert D. , Raby K. Lee , Crowell Sheila E. , Conradt Elisabeth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe examined whether Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)-informed measures of prenatal stress predicted newborn neurobehavior and whether these effects differed by newborn sex. Multilevel, prenatal markers of prenatal stress were obtained from 162 pregnant women. Markers of the Negative Valence System included physiological functioning (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA] and electrodermal [EDA] reactivity to a speech task, hair cortisol), self-reported stress (state anxiety, pregnancy-specific anxiety, daily stress, childhood trauma, economic hardship, and family resources), and interviewer-rated stress (episodic stress, chronic stress). Markers of the Arousal/Regulatory System included physiological functioning (baseline RSA, RSA, and EDA responses to infant cries) and self-reported affect intensity, urgency, emotion regulation strategies, and dispositional mindfulness. Newborns’ arousal and attention were assessed via the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Network Neurobehavioral Scale. Path analyses showed that high maternal episodic and daily stress, low economic hardship, few emotion regulation strategies, and high baseline RSA predicted female newborns’ low attention; maternal mindfulness predicted female newborns’ high arousal. As for male newborns, high episodic stress predicted low arousal, and high pregnancy-specific anxiety predicted high attention. Findings suggest that RDoC-informed markers of prenatal stress could aid detection of variance in newborn neurobehavioral outcomes within hours after birth. Implications for intergenerational transmission of risk for psychopathology are discussed.
Ronald Blythe: ‘Just a voice for his time’
Authors: Snell K. D. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRonald Blythe is often seen as Britain’s finest living rural writer. He has published over thirty books, some of them, like Akenfield and The View in Winter, widely acknowledged as classics, inspiring a film and follow-up books by others. His literary output has been extraordinary: novels, short stories, poetry, rural documentary writing, oral history, ‘parish’ writing, religious books, his own autobiographical work (among a remarkable milieu of creative people), and historical studies ranging from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries. He has also edited a great range of authors and types of writing. Ronald Blythe is especially an East Anglian author, writing about that English region, in whose work the local and the religious are often to the fore. As this famous author approaches one hundred years of age, this article is a forthright academic appreciation of his work, a discussion of its themes and impressive variety, and an analysis of the meanings and importance of his writing to modern readerships.
CARLESON INTERPOLATING SEQUENCES FOR BANACH SPACES OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS
Authors: Lindström Mikael , Mastyło Mieczysław , Mleczko Paweł , Norrbo David , Rzeczkowski Michał 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an approach, based on interpolation theory of operators, to the study of interpolating sequences for interpolation Banach spaces between Hardy spaces. It is shown that the famous Carleson result forH∞can be lifted to a large class of abstract Hardy spaces. A description is provided of the range of the Carleson operator defined on interpolation spaces between the classical Hardy spaces in terms of uniformly separated sequences. A key role in this description is played by some general interpolation results proved in the paper. As by-products, novel results are obtained which extend the Shapiro–Shields result on the characterisation of interpolation sequences for the classical Hardy spacesHp. Applications to Hardy–Lorentz, Hardy–Marcinkiewicz and Hardy–Orlicz spaces are presented.
Classification and photometric redshift estimation of quasars in photometric surveys
Authors: Izuti Nakazono L. M. , Mendes de Oliveira C. , Hirata N. S. T. , Jeram S. , Gonzalez A. , Eikenberry S. , Queiroz C. , Abramo R. , Overzier R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe present a machine learning methodology to separate quasars from galaxies and stars using data from S-PLUS in the Stripe-82 region. In terms of quasar classification, we achieved 95.49% for precision and 95.26% for recall using a Random Forest algorithm. For photometric redshift estimation, we obtained a precision of 6% using k-Nearest Neighbour.
Supermassive Black Hole feedback in early type galaxies
Authors: Forman W. , Jones C. , Bogdan A. , Kraft R. , Churazov E. , Randall S. , Sun M. , O’Sullivan E. , Vrtilek J. , Nulsen P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOptically luminous early type galaxies host X-ray luminous, hot atmospheres. These hot atmospheres, which we refer to as coronae, undergo the same cooling and feedback processes as are commonly found in their more massive cousins, the gas rich atmospheres of galaxy groups and galaxy clusters. In particular, the hot coronae around galaxies radiatively cool and show cavities in X-ray images that are filled with relativistic plasma originating from jets powered by supermassive black holes (SMBH) at the galaxy centers. We discuss the SMBH feedback using an X-ray survey of early type galaxies carried out using Chandra X-ray Observatory observations. Early type galaxies with coronae very commonly have weak X-ray active nuclei and have associated radio sources. Based on the enthalpy of observed cavities in the coronae, there is sufficient energy to “balance” the observed radiative cooling. There are a very few remarkable examples of optically faint galaxies that are 1) unusually X-ray luminous, 2) have large dark matter halo masses, and 3) have large SMBHs (e.g., NGC4342 and NGC4291). These properties suggest that, in some galaxies, star formation may have been truncated at early times, breaking the simple scaling relations.
A compact low-noise frontend for interleaved Rx/Tx arrays at K-/Ka-Band
Authors: Sieganschin Anton , Jaschke Thomas , Jacob Arne F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis contribution deals with a frontend for interleaved receive (Rx)-/transmit (Tx)-integrated phased arrays at K-/Ka-band. The circuit is realized in printed circuit board technology and feeds dual-band Rx/Tx- and single-band Tx-antenna elements. The dual-band element feed is composed of a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) diplexer with low insertion loss, a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a bandpass filter, and several passive transitions. The compression properties of the LNA are identified through two-tone measurements. The results dictate the maximum allowable output power of the power amplifier. The single band feed consists of a SIW with several transitions. Simulation and measurement results of the individual components are presented. The frontend is assembled and measured. It exhibits an Rx noise figure of 2 dB, a Tx insertion loss of ~ 2.9 dB, and an Rx/Tx-isolation of 70 dB. The setup represents the unit cell of a full array and thus complies with the required half-wave spacing at both Rx and Tx.