bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro and ex vivo screening of microRNA combinations with enhanced cell penetrating peptides to stimulate intervertebral disc regeneration
Authors: Ní Néill Tara , Barcellona Marcos N. , Wilson Niamh , O'Brien Fergal J. , Dixon James E. , Curtin Caroline M. , Buckley Conor T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is predominantly caused by degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) and central nucleus pulposus (NP) region. Conservative treatments fail to restore disc function, motivating the exploration of nucleic acid therapies, such as the use of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs have the potential to modulate expression of discogenic factors, while silencing the catabolic cascade associated with degeneration. To deliver these miRNAs, nonviral cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are gaining favor given their low immunogenicity and strong targeting ability. Single miRNA therapies have been investigated for IVD repair, however dual miRNA delivery strategies have not been commonly examined and may augment regeneration.Materials and methodsTransfection of four pro‐discogenic miRNAs (miRNA mimics:140‐5p; 149‐5p and inhibitors: 141‐3p; 221‐3p) and dual delivery of six miRNA pairings was performed using two CPPs, RALA and GET peptide (FLR), in primary rat NP monolayer culture, and in an ex vivo organ culture model of rat caudal discs. Protein expression of discogenic (aggrecan, collagen type II, and SOX9) and catabolic markers (ADAMTS5 and MMP13) were assessed.ResultsMonolayer investigations signified enhanced discogenic marker expression following dual miRNA delivery, signifying a synergistic effect when compared to single miRNA transfection. Utilization of an appropriate model was emphasized in our ex vivo organ culture experiment, revealing the establishment of a regenerative microenvironment characterized by reduced catabolic enzyme activity and enhanced matrix deposition, particularly following concurrent delivery of FLR‐miRNA‐149‐5p mimic and miRNA‐221‐3p inhibitor. Bioinformatics analysis of miRNA‐149‐5p mimic and miRNA‐221‐3p inhibitor identified distinct targets, pathways, and interactions, suggesting a mode of action for this amplified response.ConclusionOur findings suggest the potential of FLR‐miRNA‐149‐5p + miRNA‐221‐3p inhibitor to create an anti‐catabolic niche within the disc to foster regeneration in moderate cases of disc degeneration, which could be utilized in further studies with the overarching aim of developing treatments for LBP.
Skin Diseases in Long‐Distance Runners
Authors: Ahomies Henna , Descamps Vincent , Leclerc‐Mercier Stéphanie , Kluger Nicolas 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLong‐distance running, including both road running and trail/mountain running, has significantly increased in popularity in recent years. The prolonged, repetitive physical activity combined with environmental exposures predisposes runners to a range of dermatological problems. We reviewed the dermatological challenges faced by long‐distance runners, focusing on the prevalence, causes, and prevention of common skin conditions as well as risks related to ultra‐violet radiation. Understanding these skin conditions and the circumstances surrounding running is essential for prevention and effective management. We present the existing literature on (i) environmental, (ii) traumatic or mechanical, (iii) inflammatory and infectious skin diseases, and (iv) the exacerbation of pre‐existing dermatoses in long‐distance running. Special consideration is given to the risk of skin cancer due to ultra‐violet radiation and the photoprotection habits of endurance runners.
Modulation of polypropylene dielectric properties using graphene defect engineering
Authors: Dong Haipeng , Yang Bo , Guo Yin , Nikolaevna Khegay Lyubov , Yan Ming , Song Li , Zhu Baikang , Li Zhi , Lin Yingxue , Chai Shaohua , Zhang Lu , Tao Hengcong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRegulating the dielectric properties of base stations is crucial for advancing 5G technology. This study presents the preparation of a series of graphene/polypropylene (PP) composites by blending various types and concentrations of graphene with PP using a melt blending process. The effect of different graphene types (graphene oxide, multilayer graphene, and exfoliated graphene) and concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%) on the composites was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), impedance analyzer, rotational rheometer, and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA). Results show that high shear force and temperature during preparation ensure the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites. Specifically, the permittivity decreased by up to 18% with the incorporation of 1% multilayer graphene (MGE). The optimal performance was achieved with MGE compared to graphene oxide (GO) and exfoliated graphene (GE), as the composites exhibited enhanced mechanical strength, thermal stability, and lower permittivitys. This work suggests significant application prospects for PP composite materials in the 5G field due to the excellent characteristics of graphene.Highlights
Graphene significantly reduces the permittivity of polypropylene.
Strong interfacial bonding exists between moderate amounts of graphene and PP.
Graphene boosts substrate crystallization to reduce permittivity.
Composite permittivity rises with filler's permittivity increase.
Enhancing thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance of polyvinylidene fluoride composite film with densified filler network by hot imprinting
Authors: Li Xiao‐lei , Ma Chuan‐guo , Xu Ke , Lu Shao‐ning , Dai Pei‐bang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA simple strategy of hot imprinting was proposed to construct a densified filler network for the preparation of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite film with high thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance. First, continuous imprints were obtained by hot pressing on the surface of PVDF fiber film using a metal mesh as a stencil. Magnetic Fe3O4‐modified carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4@CNTs) were then loaded onto the surface of the films using an impregnation method. Finally, the Fe3O4@CNTs/PVDF composite film was fabricated by a three‐layer hot pressing process. The mesh size and filler loading cycles have an important effect on the resulting performance of the composite film. Under the optimal conditions of 1 × 2 mesh size and five loading cycles, the thermal conductivity of the composite film with only 5.16 wt% CNTs content, was 1.91 W/mK, which is an improvement of 51.6% compared to that of the non‐imprinted composite film. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the composite film reached 28.6 dB. This strategy provides a feasible approach for the large‐scale production of high‐performance thermal interface materials.Highlights
Enhancing continuous filler network in PVDF composite film by hot imprinting.
Developing carbon nanotube and Fe3O4 hybrid fillers with a heterogeneous structure.
Achieving significant improvements in TC and EMI SE of the composite film.
Offering large‐scale production methods of high‐performance thermal interface materials.
Automatic MRI‐TRUS Fusion Technique for Transperineal Biopsy Guidance: From Preoperative Planning to Intraoperative Navigation
Authors: Tang Lu , Wu Menglin , Chen Ke , Gao Fan , Zheng Baohui , Zhao Shu , Burstein Pablo D. , Ge Sikai , Zhang Xu , Zhu Jie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTargeted and systematic transperineal biopsy of lesions guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) fusion technique may optimize the biopsy procedure and enhance the detection of prostate cancer. We described the transperineal biopsy guided by an automatic MRI‐TRUS fusion technique, and evaluated the accuracy and feasibility of this method in a prospective single‐center study.MethodsThe proposed method focuses on automating the delineation of prostate contours in both the MRI and TRUS images, the registration and fusion of MRI and TRUS images, the generation and visualiztion of the systematic biopsy cores in their corresponding locations within the 2D and the 3D views, as well as the computation and visualiztion of needle trajectories from preoperative planning to intraoperative navigation. A total of 76 patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer underwent systematic (SBx) and targeted (TBx) biopsies, all performed by a single urologist with more than 10 years of experience. The detection rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) were recorded. We also measured preoperative registration time, duration of the overall surgical procedure, and postoperative complication rates within the first week following the surgery. Descriptive analyses were presented in this study.ResultsPCa was identified in 73.7% (56/76) of the subjects, while csPCa was identified in 61.8% (47/76). The preoperative registration time was 5.0 min (IQR: 4.4–6.0), while the overall surgery duration was 24.8 min (IQR: 23.2–27.2). Postoperatively, 12 patients experienced immediate hematuria, and one patient reported dysuria 1 day following surgery.ConclusionsThe automatic MRI‐TRUS fusion technique for transperineal biopsy is feasible and safe, with preoperative planning to intraoperative navigation it offering convenient and efficient preoperative preparation and surgical procedure.
Self‐Triggered Distributed Model Predictive Control via Path Parameter Synchronization
Authors: Chen Qianqian , Li Shaoyuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the formation tracking problem for multiple mobile robots via self‐triggered distributed model predictive control (DMPC) strategy and path‐parameter communication manner. To ensure the robots follow the desired formation structure along the predefined paths, we establish appropriate tracking error models that form a multi‐agent system. At triggered instants, each agent exchanges a sequence of path parameters representing the robot's position, resolves the optimal control problem (OCP) and subsequently determines the open‐loop phase. Different from existing coordination methodology, the proposed scheme exhibits two essential merits in environments where resources are particularly limited: (1) The tracking task of robots is achieved by designing an appropriate OCP under the DMPC scheme, and the formation task of robots is achieved through the synchronization of one‐dimensional path parameters instead of the multi‐dimensional state information, which demands less communication load; (2) The incorporation of the self‐triggered scheduler acquires the desired control performance with less calculation time, thereby relieving the computational and communication costs. Sufficient conditions are proposed to guarantee the recursive feasibility of the OCP and the closed‐loop stability. Simulation results illustrate the validity of the proposed control algorithm.
The Effects of Artificial Intelligence on the Fashion Industry—Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Transformation
Authors: Bieńkowska Jolanta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTArtificial intelligence (AI) is crucial in the fashion industry nowadays. It facilitates innovation in design, production, e‐commerce, personalisation and supply chain management, improving efficient operations and providing opportunities to support sustainability. The research aimed to identify the current use of artificial intelligence in the fashion industry and its arrangement and determine to what extent AI is used to support fashion sustainability. Data collection and selection were according to PRISMA guidelines and were retrieved from Scopus and WoS (January 2017–October 2024; n = 82 (from 234 identified items)). Data analysis was performed using six steps of thematic analysis, including topic modelling (in the MAXQDA 24 programme). The identified themes revealed the current effects of AI use in the fashion industry (RQ1): data‐centric design, forecasting using big data, and experience‐oriented services. AI technologies are predominantly utilised in fabric production and B2B distribution. Experience‐focused services are enhanced through precise image searches and chatbot support. Platforms like SaaS, generative fashion, and Science4Fashion enable the creation of new designs. Applications such as Style. Me serve as personal stylists, facilitating customised outfit selection and streamlining the purchasing process. The last theme (RQ2) allowed to establish that sustainable development requires innovation based on AI technology. Despite optimistic forecasts, available solutions are only used to a limited extent. The main barrier is that companies put economic goals above sustainable development goals. Models that combine commercial and environmental perspectives are essential in developing beneficial change strategies. Therefore, it is important to monitor progress in this area.
Barriers and Strategies in Implementing Design for Disassembly and Adaptability Principles in Singapore: A Pathway to Circular Economy in the Construction Industry
Authors: Zhan Hanzhang , Hwang Bon‐Gang , Jovan Lim Wei Hern 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAs sustainability becomes crucial in the global construction industry, Design for Disassembly and Adaptability (DfDA) principles are key to advancing a circular economy by reducing waste, conserving resources, and enhancing building adaptability. In Singapore, with its high‐density urban landscape and limited natural resources, the adoption of DfDA principles is especially vital to ensure long‐term environmental and economic resilience. This study investigated barriers to DfDA implementation in Singapore's construction industry, analyzed strategies to address these challenges, and examined differences in perceptions based on professional roles and experience through a literature review, a questionnaire survey, and interviews. Eleven barriers and eight strategies were identified. The top barriers included the lack of practical tools and guidelines, cost and schedule constraints, and negative public perception of reused building components. The most effective strategies included providing financial incentives and awards, developing explicit guidelines and frameworks, and promoting collaborative project delivery methods. Significant differences were observed in perceptions based on respondents' roles and experience. This study advances theoretical understanding by developing a novel systematic framework that integrates barriers and strategies for DfDA implementation and stakeholder dynamics in the construction industry. The findings provide practical guidance for developing targeted measures to promote sustainable building practices. These insights significantly contribute to advancing industry‐wide sustainability initiatives and global sustainable development goals.
Decoration of Autophagy Detecting Nanoparticle with an Anionic Fluorochrome Enhances Multispectral Characterization of Autophagosome Location and Flux
Authors: Akam‐Baxter Eman , Chen Howard H. , Boukhalfa Asma , Yu Ada , Ling Lauren A. , Kung Andrew H. , Bulnes Rodriguez Susana , Yuan Hushan , Josephson Lee , Sosnovik David E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAutophagy is a key biological process that has proven extremely difficult to detect noninvasively. To address this, an autophagy detecting nanoparticle (ADN) was recently developed, consisting of an iron oxide nanoparticle decorated with cathepsin‐cleavable arginine‐rich peptides bound to the near‐infrared fluorochrome Cy5.5. Activation of the probe in autophagolysosomes results in the emission of Cy5.5 fluorescence and provides a measure of autophagosome flux. However, in the early autophagosome ADN fluorescence is silent due to fluorochrome stacking. Here, we introduce to ADN a second non‐cleavable fluorophore that allows the probe to be tracked through all stages of autophagy. The nature of the secondary/tracking fluorophore has a profound effect on the activation of ADN and the emission of Cy5.5 fluorescence. The lead candidate, ADN2 (featuring AZDye546 as the secondary fluorophore) has the highest activation rate and change in Cy5.5 fluorescence. Absorbance and fluorescence spectrophotometry methods show that the negatively charged AZDye546 interacts with the positively charged polyarginine motifs of the Cy5.5‐polyArg activatable fluorophore, resulting in enhanced baseline quenching of the Cy5.5 signal in the nanoprobe. Flow cytometry shows that the activation of ADN2 remains specific for autophagy and is strongly modulated by classical regulators of autophagy (starvation, bafilomycin) and genetic deletion of key autophagy proteins (ATG5, ATG7). ADN2 co‐localized strongly with LC3‐GFP positive autophagosomes and provided readouts of in vivo probe delivery and activation in the hearts of fed/starved mice. ADN2 enhances the ability to image autophagy without genetic transfection of cells/animals and underscores the possible effects for unanticipated interactions between fluorochromes and other moieties on the surface of decorated nanoparticles.
Synergistic Optimization of Buried Interface via Hydrochloric Acid for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhao Xing , Wu Danxia , Yan Huilin , Cui Peng , Qiu Yujie , Fan Bingbing , Yue Xiaopeng , Li Liang , Li Meicheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIncorporating chlorine into the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL) has proven effective in enhancing the interfacial contact between SnO2 and perovskite in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, previous studies have primarily focused on the role of chlorine in passivating surface trap defects in SnO2, without considering its influence on the buried interface. Here, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is introduced as a chlorine source into commercial SnO2 to form Cl‐capped SnO2 (Cl‐SnO2) ETL, aiming to optimize the buried interface of the PSC. The incorporation of HCl into the SnO2 precursor solution works in two key ways. First, it converts the detrimental KOH stabilizer into KCl through an acid‐base reaction. Second, it regulates the crystallization process of the perovskite, reducing PbI2 residues and voids at the buried interface. As a result, the efficiency of the PSC increases from 21.93% to 25.39%, with a certified efficiency of 25.69%, the highest efficiency reported for Cl‐SnO2 ETL‐based PSCs. Moreover, the target PSC exhibits excellent air stability, retaining 90% of its initial efficiency after 2900 h of air exposure, compared to only 56.1% for the control PSC. This investigation highlights the effectiveness of HCl in the synergistic optimization of the buried interface in PSCs.
Resonant Quantum Magnetodielectric Effect in Multiferroic Metal–Organic Framework [CH3NH3]Co(HCOO)3
Authors: Su Na , Liu Shuang , He Yingjie , Liu Yan , Fu Huixia , Chai Yi‐Sheng , Sun Young 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe observation of both resonant quantum tunneling of magnetization (RQTM) and resonant quantum magnetodielectric (RQMD) effect in the perovskite multiferroic metal–organic framework [CH3NH3]Co(HCOO)3.is reported. An intrinsic magnetic phase separation emerges at low temperatures due to the hydrogen‐bond‐modified long‐range super‐exchange interaction, leading to the coexistence of canted antiferromagnetic order and single‐ion (Co2+) magnets. Subsequently, a stair‐shaped magnetic hysteresis loop along the [101] direction characterizing the RQTM appears below the magnetic blocking temperature. More interestingly, the magnetic field dependence of dielectric permittivity exhibits pronounced peaks at the critical fields corresponding to the RQTM, a phenomenon termed the RQMD effect which enables electrical detection of the RQTM. The magnetostriction shows a similar behavior to the magnetodielectric effect at 2 and 5 K, which suggests that the magnetodielectric effect in this multiferroic metal–organic framework is related to the spin‐lattice coupling.
A Lionfish‐Skin‐Inspired Intrinsic Antifouling Coating for Full‐Ocean‐Depth up to 7730 Meters
Authors: Tian Shu , Li Ruiqi , Cao Peizhan , Yu Junyu , Xue Qunji , Lu Guangming , Wang Liping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs marine equipment advances from shallow to deep‐sea environments, the demand for high‐performance antifouling materials continues to increase. The lionfish, a species inhabiting both deep‐sea and shallow coral reefs, prevents fouling organism adhesion via its smooth, mucus‐covered skin, which contains antimicrobial peptides. Inspired by lionfish skin, this work integrates zwitterionic segments with hydration‐based fouling‐release properties and the furan oxime ester structure with intrinsic antibacterial activity to develop a silicone‐based antifouling coating capable of operating from shallow to deep‐sea environments. The coating exhibits excellent antifouling properties in shallow‐water environments, completely inhibiting protein adhesion and reducing bacterial, algae adhesion by up to 33.23% and 85.23%, respectively. displays superior intrinsic bactericidal activity, achieving a 100% bactericidal rate. Field panel immersion tests confirmed the coating's effectiveness in preventing the adhesion of large shallow‐water fouling organisms. After 51 days of immersion at a maximum depth of 7730 meters in the Mariana Trench, no live bacteria are detected on the coating surface, which remained in excellent condition and retained its full bactericidal efficacy. This antifouling coating presents a promising solution for marine equipment across full ocean depths adn expands applications in the marine industry.
High‐Performance and Anti‐Freezing Moisture‐Electric Generator Combining Ion‐Exchange Membrane and Ionic Hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Hanxiao , Qin Liling , Zhou Yuyan , Huang Guiyun , Cai Hui , Sha Jiulong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMoisture‐electric generators (MEGs), which convert moisture chemical potential energy into electrical power, are attracting increasing attention as clean energy harvesting and conversion technologies. However, existing devices suffer from inadequate moisture trapping, intermittent electric output, suboptimal performance at low relative humidity (RH), and limited ion separation efficiency. This study designs an ionic hydrogel MEG capable of continuously generating energy with enhanced selective ion transport and sustained ion‐to‐electron current conversion at low RH by integrating an ion‐exchange membrane (IEM‐MEG). A single IEM‐MEG exhibits a maximum open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.815 V and a short‐circuit current (ISC) of 101 µA at 80% RH. Even at a low RH of 10%, a stable VOC of 0.43 V and ISC of 11 µA can be generated. Moreover, the antifreeze performance of the device is improved by adding LiCl, which significantly expands its operational range in low‐temperature environments. Finally, a simple series‐parallel connection of six IEM‐MEGs can yield an enhanced VOC of 4.8 V and a ISC of ≈0.6 mA, and the scalable units can directly power commercial electronics. This study provides new insights into the design of MEGs that will advance the development of green energy conversion technologies in the future.