bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Az akut promyelocytás leukémia (APL) legújabb kezelési irányelvei az Európai LeukemiaNet legutóbbi ajánlásaival kiegészítve
Authors: Alizadeh Hussain , Illés Árpád 
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. Az akut promyelocytás leukémia (APL) ritka, de jól
gyógyítható leukémiatípus. Az APL-es betegek gondozását centralizáltan, az APL
kezelésében jártas kórházakban kell végezni, ahol elérhető hematológiai intenzív
ellátás. Az APL terápiája az elmúlt két évtizedben rohamosan fejlődött az igen
aktív hatású gyógyszerek, a tretinoin és az arzén-trioxid bevezetésével. Immáron
a hagyományos citotoxikus kemoterápia alkalmazása nélkül kezelhető a betegség. A
legújabb klinikai irányelvek többféle kezelési stratégiát tartalmaznak, ezek egy
része továbbra is alkalmazza a citotoxikus kemoterápiát. Ily módon számos
kezelési lehetőség áll a gyakorló hematológus rendelkezésére, amikor egy új
APL-es beteg ellátását tervezi. Az elmúlt három évtized multicentrikus
vizsgálatai igazolták az ATRA + kemoterápia, majd később a kemoterápiával vagy
anélkül adott ATRA + ATO alkalmazásának hatásosságát. Az APL optimális
kezeléséhez azonban a diagnózis korai felállítása, az agresszív szupportív
beavatkozások bevezetése, a kezeléssel összefüggő szövődmények megfelelő
rendezése és a mérhető reziduális betegség (az MRD) monitorozása is
hozzátartozik. A szerzők az akut promyelocytás leukémia legújabb kezelési
irányelveit foglalják össze.
Summary. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is an uncommon but
highly curable leukemia. Treatment of APL patients should be centralised in
hospitals with proven experience in APL treatment and haematological intensive
care. The treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has evolved rapidly in
the past two decades after the introduction of highly active drugs, including
tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) and arsenic trioxide. It is now possible to
treat this disease without the use of traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Today’s clinical guidelines include multiple regimens, some of which continue to
use cytotoxic chemotherapy. This leaves the practicing oncologist with multiple
treatment options when faced with a new case of APL. Multicenter studies over
the past three decades have demonstrated the efficacy of ATRA plus chemotherapy
and, subsequently, of ATRA plus ATO, with or without chemotherapy. However, the
optimal management of APL also requires early diagnosis, institution of
aggressive supportive measures, appropriate management of treatment-related
complications and monitoring of measurable residual disease (MRD). The authors
summarizes the updated guidelines in the management of acute promyelocytic
leukemia.
Las afinidades meridionales de la flora de los bosques montanos de México
Authors: Rzedowski Jerzy 
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: En la flora de los bosques de coníferas, encinos y mesófilos de montaña de México destacan los elementos fitogeográficos septentrional y meridional; este último se analiza en la presente contribución.
Pregunta: ¿En cuál de los tipos de vegetación enumerados es más manifiesta la afinidad florística meridional?
Grupo estudiado: Fanerógamas (Spermatophyta).
Área de estudio: Principalmente México y Sudamérica.
Métodos: Se realizó la revisión de literatura para integrar una lista de géneros de la flora de nuestro país de distribución esencialmente restringida al continente americano y que están más diversificados en Sudamérica que en México. Se depuró con la consulta de revisiones taxonómicas y de estudios de la filogenia; se aceptaron solamente los de probable origen en el hemisferio sur y pertenecientes a familias de la misma procedencia.
Resultados: Se completó un catálogo de 84 géneros para 39 familias. Para cada uno se proporciona el número de especies conocidas en total y las presentes en México. Se señala su distribución geográfica, mediante la definición de sus extremos boreal y austral.
Conclusiones: Con base en la lista fue posible definir que a) la afinidad meridional es más pronunciada en la flora del bosque mesófilo de montaña que en los de coníferas y encino. b) la mayor parte de los elementos australes encuentra el límite de su distribución en el centro de México, algunos en Chiapas y pocos hasta Canadá. c) Aunque es probable que el arribo de algunos es relativamente reciente, otros estuvieron presentes en México al menos desde el Mioceno temprano.
The coexistence of hemophagocytic syndrome and DRESS syndrome that develops in the course of sepsis in an elderly patient in intensive care unit
Authors: TÜNBEKİCİ Salih , KILINÇER BOZGÜL Şükriye Miray , BOZKURT Devrim 
Published: April 2021

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of mortality in intensive care units. Its mortality increases,
especially with the high number of comorbidities and immunosuppression. Hemophagocytic syndrome
is an uncontrolled cytokine storm that develops in the course of increased inflammatory conditions
such as sepsis. The clinical picture is very wide; because of nonspecific symptoms. For this reason; to
diagnose hemophagocytic syndrome, it must be kept in mind. Mortality in hemophagocytic syndrome
is especially high in intensive care patients. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
syndrome is a rare, infrequent drug reaction. The clinical picture is heterogeneous and symptoms may
be prolonged despite discontinuation of the drug. Overlap of different diagnoses in elderly patients; In
the presence of multiple drug use and chronic diseases, clinical management is difficult and early
initiation of effective treatment can be delayed. In this case report; a 66-year-old male patient who
underwent nephrostomy due to bilateral hydronephrosis and who developed sepsis and HPS in the
follow-up after hospitalization with high fever and complicated with drug reaction with eosinophilia and
systemic symptoms syndrome during treatment is presented.
E-Cigarette Use Among Youths and Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: United States, 2020
Authors: Kreslake Jennifer M. , Simard Bethany J. , O’Connor Katie M. , Patel Minal , Vallone Donna M. , Hair Elizabeth C. 
Published: April 2021

Objectives. To determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected e-cigarette use among young people in the United States. Methods. Data came from a weekly cross-sectional online survey of youths and young adults (aged 15–24 years). Logistic regression analyses measured odds of past-30-day e-cigarette use (n = 5752) following widespread stay-at-home directives (March 14–June 29, 2020), compared with the pre‒COVID-19 period (January 1–March 13, 2020). Logistic regression among a subsample of current e-cigarette users (n = 779) examined factors associated with reduced use following stay-at-home orders. Results. Odds of current e-cigarette use were significantly lower during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the pre‒COVID-19 period among youths aged 15 to 17 years (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54, 0.96) and young adults aged 18 to 20 years (OR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.52, 0.81). E-cigarette users with reduced access to retail environments had higher odds of reporting reduced e-cigarette use (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.14). Conclusions. COVID-19 stay-at-home directives present barriers to e-cigarette access and are associated with a decline in e-cigarette use among young people. Public Health Implications. Findings support the urgent implementation of interventions that reduce underage access to e-cigarettes to accelerate a downward trajectory of youth and young adult e-cigarette use.
The Challenges of Conducting Intrastate Policy Surveillance: A Methods Note on County and City Laws in Indiana
Authors: Sanner Lindsey , Grant Sean , Walter-McCabe Heather , Silverman Ross D. 
Published: April 2021

Policy surveillance is critical in examining the ways law functions as a structural and social determinant of health. To date, little policy surveillance research has focused on examining intrastate variations in the structure and health impact of laws. Intrastate policy surveillance poses unique methodological challenges because of the complex legal architecture within states and inefficient curation of local laws. We discuss our experience with these intrastate policy surveillance challenges in Indiana, a state with 92 counties and several populous cities, a complicated history of home rule, systemically underfunded local governments, and variations in demography, geography, and technology adoption. In our case study, we expended significant time and resources to obtain county and city ordinances through online code libraries, jurisdiction Web sites, and (most notably) visits to offices to scan documents ourselves. A concerted effort is needed to ensure that local laws of all kinds are stored online in organized, searchable, and open access systems. Such an effort is vital to achieve the aspirational goals of policy surveillance at the intrastate level.
Quantifying the Effect of Multiphase Flow on Matrix Acidizing in Oil-Bearing Carbonate Formations
Authors: Elsafih Mohamed , Fahes Mashhad 
Published: April 2021

Summary
It is common to inject acidic stimulation fluids into oil-bearing carbonate formations to enhance well productivity. This process of matrix acidizing is designed to maximize the propagation of wormholes into the formation by optimizing the injection parameters, including acid-injection rate and volume. Previous studies have suggested that saturation conditions, permeability, heterogeneity, temperature, and pressure can significantly affect the design of matrix-acidizing treatments. However, laboratory studies’ results are inconsistent in their conclusions and are mostly limited to water-saturated cores. In this work, we designed a systematic experimental study to evaluate the impact of multiphase flow on the acidizing process when injecting 15 wt% hydrochloric acid (HCl) into crude-oil-saturated Indiana Limestone cores. The results reveal the following: Contrary to published literature for water-saturated cores, acidizing in partially oil-saturated high-permeability cores at high pressure requires less acid volume than in low-permeability cores; lower-pressure acid injection results in more efficient wormhole propagation in low-permeability cores compared to high-pressure acid injection; acidizing in low- and high-permeability cores at low pressure leads to similar efficiency; and wormholing is more effective in partially oil-saturated cores, resulting in multiple parallel branches as compared to inefficient leakoff in water-saturated cores.
AI-Based Estimation of Hydraulic Fracturing Effect
Authors: Erofeev A. S. , Orlov D. M. , Perets D. S. , Koroteev D. A. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryWe studied the applicability of a gradient-boosting machine-learning (ML) algorithm for forecasting of oil and total liquid production after hydraulic fracturing (HF). A thorough raw data study with data preprocessing algorithms was provided. The data set included 10 oil fields with more than 2,000 HF events. Each event has been characterized by well coordinates, geology, transport and storage properties, depths, and oil/liquid rates before fracturing for target and neighboring wells. Each ML model has been trained to predict monthly production rates right after fracturing and when the flows are stabilized. The gradient-boosting method justified its choice with R2 being approximately 0.7 to 0.8 on the test set for oil/total liquid production after HF. The developed ML prediction model does not require preliminary numerical simulations of a future HF design. The applied algorithm could be used as a new approach for HF candidate selection based on the real-time state of the field.
Fixation of microorganisms with paraformaldehyde for TLR stimulation.
Authors: Neves-Costa Ana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are part of the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that evolved to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A variety of PAMPs have been identified, from various microbial components to viral molecules. E.coli (Escherichia coli) has been widely used as a prototype Gram-negative bacteria with the capacity to stimulate TLRs, in particular to elicit TLR4-dependent immune responses. This receptor mainly recognizes an essential component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria: lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vitro stimulation of immune cells for cytokine production can be achieved with the use of commercially-available purified TLR agonists, including LPS. Here we show how to prepare an alternative stimulator of TLR4 in a very fast an inexpensive way, paraformaldehyde-fixed preparations of E. coli. This reagent is a powerful tool for the in vitro activation of TLR4 that can be quantified and therefore used in defined amounts. Moreover, it is a safe reagent (the E.coli cells are fixed) and it is easy to prepare in large quantities and to store. Other microorganisms such as yeasts can also be fixed in this way.
Effects of Low-Dose Naltrexone on Quality of Life in High-Grade Glioma Patients: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Randomized Trial
Authors: Peters Katherine B , Affronti Mary L , Woodring Sarah , Lipp Eric , Healy Patrick , Herndon James E , Miller Elizabeth S , Freeman Maria W , Randazzo Dina M , Desjardins Annick , Friedman Henry S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: At diagnosis and throughout the disease course, patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) experience a diminished quality of life (QOL) and increased fatigue. Naltrexone, an orally semisynthetic opiate antagonist, is FDA-approved for the treatment of heroin/alcohol addiction, and low dose naltrexone (LDN) has been observed to improve QOL and lower fatigue in other neurological illnesses, such as multiple sclerosis. LDN is believed to function as a partial agonist and can lead to shifts in neurochemicals that reduce fatigue. Based on this, we sought to study whether LDN has an impact on QOL and fatigue in patients with HGG. Methods: In a placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we randomized 110 HGG patients to receive placebo (N=56) or LDN 4.5 mg orally at night (N=54). Subjects received LDN or placebo at day 1 of concurrent radiation and temozolomide therapy and continued for 16 weeks. Change from baseline in patient-reported outcomes of QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Brain) and fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue) was assessed. Results: Demographics were WHO grade IV (85%), male (56%), KPS 90-100 (51%), grossly resected (55%), and mean age of 56 years. QOL and fatigue changes between baseline and post concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy were not significantly different between patients receiving LDN or placebo. The adverse event profile for LDN and placebo were similar and attributed to concomitant use of temozolomide. Conclusions: While safe to administer, LDN has no effect on QOL and fatigue in HGG patients during concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. United States National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials.gov NCT01303835, Date 2/25/2011
Assessment and Prediction of Groundwater using Geospatial and ANN modeling
Authors: Dadhich Ankita Pran , Goyal Rohit , Dadhich Pran Nath 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In semi-arid regions the deterioration in groundwater quality and drop in water level upshots the importance of spatio-temporal mapping with geospatial and advanced modeling techniques. In present study, changes in water level, water quality trend patterns and future scenarios of groundwater in 171 villages of Phagi tehsil, Jaipur district was assessed using eight years (2012-2019) groundwater data. Spatial interpolation maps were drawn using kriging method for pre-monsoon season and integrated with three different time series forecasting models (Simple Exponential Smoothing, Holt's Trend Method, ARIMA) and Artificial Neural Network models to ascertain the optimal prediction for groundwater level and quality parameters. Results reveal that the use of ANN model can describe the behavior of groundwater level and quality parameters more accurately than time series forecasting models. In addition, different ANN algorithms were tested to select the best-performing algorithm and ANN15 is found the most accurate one in simulating the magnitude and patterns of pre-monsoon water level data for year 2019 with R2 = 0.98, and NSE = 0.81. The change in groundwater table was observed with more than 4.0m rise in 81 villages during 2012-2013 whereas ANNpredicted results of 2023-2024 infer no rise in water table (>4.0m). Water level drop of more than 6.0m was observed in 16 villages of Phagi tehsil based on predicted results of 2024. Assessment of groundwater quality parameters like Total dissolved solids, chloride, fluoride and nitrate indicate chemically unsuitable groundwater for drinking purpose in most part of the Phagi. ANNpredictions point out excess nitrate content in 58% villages however, Water quality Index reveals unfit groundwater in 74% villages for human consumption in 2024. This time series and projected outcome of groundwater at village level can assist the planners and decision-makers for proper management of groundwater risk areas.
Physical Layer Security for Cooperative NOMA Networks via Nakagami-m Fading Channels
Authors: Alouane Wided Hadj 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security in cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks over Nakagamim fading channels. Both amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) protocols are studied. More particularly, closed-form exact and asymptotic expressions for strictly positive secrecy capacity are provided considering NOMA-AF and NOMA-DF relaying systems. Numerical results are presented to justify the accuracy of the obtained theoretical analysis. These results show that NOMA-AF and NOMA-DF relaying networks have a similar secrecy performance.
Jiaotai Wan exerts antidepressant effects through regulating gut microbiota in rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress
Authors: Wang Yueer , Li Zhu , Feng Man , Li Yue , Ni Tongyao , Xu Yilan , Gao Shuming , Li Lin , Gao Shan , Yu Chunquan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study used 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to determine the effects of Jiaotai Wan on gut microflora of rats experiencing chronic unpredictable mild stress. We randomly divided 135 healthy male rats into nine groups. All groups except the control received chronic unpredictable mild stress. Rats were weighed before being subjected to sucrose preference and open field tests. Rat fecal samples were used for 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing; the results allowed us to determine gut microfloral structure and changes. The stress treatment decreased body weight, sucrose preference, and performance in open field tests from control levels. Beta diversity of gut microflora differed across rat groups. Jiaotai Wan increased Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia abundance, while decreasing Ruminococcaceae abundance. Therefore, Jiaotai Wan may exert antidepressant effects through regulating microbial abundance in the gut.
Sustainable 2G Ethanol Production From Switchgrass Biomass via Co-Fermentation of Pentoses and Hexoses Using Novel Wild Yeasts
Authors: Antunes Felipe A. F. , Rajan Kalavathy , Djioleu Angele , Rocha Thiago M. , Brumano Larissa P. , Melo Yasmin. C. S. , Santos Julio C. , Rosa Carlos A. , Carrier Danielle Julie , Silva Silvio S. da 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The production of second generation (2G) ethanol remains an interesting proposition for the implementation of sustainable and net carbon-neutral energy systems. 2G makes use of renewable lignocellulosic feedstocks, generating fermentable sugars that are converted to ethanol or other bio-based products. To be economically viable, 2G biorefineries must make use of all processing streams, including the less desirable C5 sugar stream. In this work, a strategy of sequential acid and alkaline pretreatment of the lignocellulosic feedstock switchgrass for improvement of fermentable sugar yield, and the subsequent utilization of wild yeasts for co-fermentation of its C5-C6 sugar streams are presented. Hemicellulose-enriched hydrolysates, obtained by dilute acid pretreatment of switchgrass, were fermented by a newly-isolated wild Scheffersomyces parashehatae strain–UFMG-HM-60.1b; corresponding ethanol yield (YPS) and volumetric productivity (QP) were 0.19 g/g and 0.16 g/L h, respectively. Afterwards, the remaining switchgrass cellulignin fraction was subjected to optimized alkaline delignification at 152 ºC for 30 min. The delignified solid fraction was subjected to contiguous enzymatic saccharification and fermentation, releasing a C6 sugar stream in which Saccharomyces cerevisiae 174 strain displayed a productivity of 0.46 g/g (YPS) and 0.70 g/L h (QP), whereas the S. parashehatae UFMG-HM-60.1b presented YPS and QP of 0.29 g/g and 0.38 g/L h, respectively. Upon combining the conversion of hemicellulose (37%) and cellulose-derived sugars (57%), the S. parashehatae strain provided higher yield (94%) than the generic S. cerevisiae (90%). Henceforth, our integrated pretreatment and co-fermentation process provides a pathway for maximum utilization of the switchgrass carbohydrates for 2G ethanol production.
Study the Fuel characteristics of Ethanol and Waste Engine Oil Pyrolytic oil blends
Authors: Patel Nivedita , Shadangi Krushna Prasad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study shows the application of pyrolytic oil derived from Waste Engine oil (WEOPO) as an alternative fuel by blending with Ethanol. For this, the effect of blending of ethanol at 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 %, and 30 % on the compositions and fuel properties were analyzed. The utmost blending was established based on the higher heating value. The pyrolytic oil used for this study was produced at 550 °C which was the optimum pyrolytic temperature. A comparison study of the blended oil was done with commercially available gasoline to observe the similarities in their fuel properties and composition. The study confirmed that ethanol can be blended with WEOPO at 20% by volume to obtain a fuel of a higher heating value of about 44.24 MJ/kg that can be used as fuel. Since, WEOPO contains 65.80% of C4-C12 (gasoline range) hydrocarbon compounds and the rest 31.48 % C11–C15, 11.84 % C15-C19, and 6.94 % >C19 compounds it can be used as a future fuel.