bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religious identity, social space, and discourses of religious education reform in Scotland and Malawi: a Bourdieusian analysis
Authors: Matemba Yonah H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article analyses the complexities of religious identity and stakeholder discourse concerning religious education (RE) reform in Scotland and Malawi. Drawing on Bourdieu’s concept of ‘social space’, it explicates the extent to which religious identity and conflicts over symbolic power in the social space of RE reform engender polarised debates imbricated by entrenched ideological positions because agents’ discourse in the social space draw on elements of their particular culture, tradition, spiritualties, and theologies. A comparative analysis of qualitative data from Scotland and Malawi reveals stakeholders’ reflections, frustrations, and insights on the conflicting nature of religious identity in the discourse of RE reform in a social space where symbolic struggles are inimical to the production of common sense. Despite the data arising from two countries with different socio-cultural contexts—one African and religiously conservative (Malawi), the other European and secular-liberal (Scotland)—the findings reveal similar challenges regarding how agents engage with RE reform in the social space, and the complications that religious identity engenders in that dynamic.
Is academia becoming more localised? The growth of regional knowledge networks within international research collaboration
Authors: Fitzgerald John , Ojanperä Sanna , O’Clery Neave 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is well-established that the process of learning and capability building is core to economic development and structural transformation. Since knowledge is ‘sticky’, a key component of this process is learning-by-doing, which can be achieved via a variety of mechanisms including international research collaboration. Uncovering significant inter-country research ties using Scopus co-authorship data, we show that within-region collaboration has increased over the past five decades relative to international collaboration. Further supporting this insight, we find that while communities present in the global collaboration network before 2000 were often based on historical geopolitical or colonial lines, in more recent years they increasingly align with a simple partition of countries by regions. These findings are unexpected in light of a presumed continual increase in globalisation, and have significant implications for the design of programmes aimed at promoting international research collaboration and knowledge diffusion.
Blockade of fructose transporter protein GLUT5 inhibits proliferation of colon cancer cells: proof of concept for a new class of anti-tumor therapeutics
Authors: Włodarczyk Jakub , Włodarczyk Marcin , Zielińska Marta , Jędrzejczak Bartłomiej , Dziki Łukasz , Fichna Jakub 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite the fact that colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men and women, its current treatment remains unsatisfactory and therefore novel studies proposing new approaches are necessary. A high sugar diet is believed to promote carcinogenesis. Fructose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract by members of the glucose transporter family—GLUT. The aim of the study was to characterize the expression of GLUT5 at mRNA level in CRC patients. Moreover, our goal was to elucidate the molecular role of GLUT5 in CRC and assess whether GLUT5 inhibitor may affect the viability of colon cancer cells.

Methods
The expression of GLUT5 at mRNA level was characterized based on 30 samples from resected colorectal cancers and 30 healthy colonic mucosa specimens from surgical margins. The inhibitory effect of N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrophenyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-amine (MSBNA) was assessed on a colon cancer cell line, HT-29, and normal colon epithelium cells—CCD 841 CoN Cells.

Results
GLUT5 expression was found in 96.7% of cancer specimens and only in 53.3% of healthy mucosa fragments. In cancer tissue, real-time PCR analysis showed almost 2, fivefold (p< 0.001) increase of GLUT5 mRNA expression level compared with the healthy intestinal mucosa. GLUT5 inhibitor, MSNBA (10 µM) significantly decreased the viability of colon cancer cells, while barely affected the viability of normal colon epithelium cells.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that a strong focus should be put on GLUT5 and its inhibitors for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in CRC.
Proximal Extracapsular Tunneling: A Simple Technique for the Management of Impending Cylinder Erosion and Complications Related to Corporal Dilation
Authors: Clavell-Hernández Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Impending cylinder erosion and floppy glans secondary to an undersized penile prosthesis are rare complications that can cause cosmetic deformity and patient discomfort.

Aim
To demonstrate a technique for the management of impending cylinder erosion and floppy glans secondary to cylinder under-sizing.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 6 patients who required the proximal extracapsular tunneling technique during penile prosthesis revision surgery.

Main Outcome Measure
Main outcome was successful placement of a penile prosthesis with proper cylinder placement.

Results
Mean patient age for these 6 patients was 71.2 years (64–86 y). After a mean follow-up of 6.6 months, all 6 patients who underwent this procedure had a functional penile prosthesis without evidence of recurrence.

Conclusion
The proximal extracapsular tunneling technique is a simple approach performed through a single incision that can be used for proper cylinder replacement during penile prosthesis revision surgeries. It may be utilized for the management of impending cylinder erosion and other cases with coporal dilation-related complications in which the surgical pseudo-capsule has already formed around the implant. This technique can be safely performed without the need of a distal counter-incision on the penis.
Data-driven sparse reconstruction of flow over a stalled aerofoil using experimental data
Authors: Carter Douglas W. , De Voogt Francis , Soares Renan , Ganapathisubramani Bharathram 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent work has demonstrated the use of sparse sensors in combination with the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to produce data-driven reconstructions of the full velocity fields in a variety of flows. The present work investigates the fidelity of such techniques applied to a stalled NACA 0012 aerofoil at

$ {Re}_c=75,000 $

at an angle of attack

$ \alpha ={12}^{\circ } $

as measured experimentally using planar time-resolved particle image velocimetry. In contrast to many previous studies, the flow is absent of any dominant shedding frequency and exhibits a broad range of singular values due to the turbulence in the separated region. Several reconstruction methodologies for linear state estimation based on classical compressed sensing and extended POD methodologies are presented as well as nonlinear refinement through the use of a shallow neural network (SNN). It is found that the linear reconstructions inspired by the extended POD are inferior to the compressed sensing approach provided that the sparse sensors avoid regions of the flow with small variance across the global POD basis. Regardless of the linear method used, the nonlinear SNN gives strikingly similar performance in its refinement of the reconstructions. The capability of sparse sensors to reconstruct separated turbulent flow measurements is further discussed and directions for future work suggested.
The inflation of human rights: A deconstruction
Authors: Theilen Jens T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere is widespread anxiety about human rights ‘inflation’: positing too many human rights, it is said, will lead to their devaluation. This article seeks to disentangle the inflation objection from other concerns about rights expansionism and to critically assess it. It considers the scope and implications of the inflation objection by reference to several issues – e.g., which modes of human rights proliferation it covers and which restrictions follow from it – and argues that it is characterized by a formal emptiness since it lacks any specific criteria to indicate which human rights lead to inflation and which do not. The formal emptiness of the inflation objection does not, however, mean that it is politically neutral, for despite its inability to generate closure it does generate a sense of closure by drawing strict boundaries around the corpus of ‘proper’ human rights. This sense of closure, the article argues, entrenches currently dominant (neo)liberal understandings of human rights while generating suspicion of claims to far-reaching social transformation. In light of this, an alternative to the anti-inflation mindset is suggested: a mindset of wonder, which understands human rights claims outside of dominant understandings not as a threat, but as an opportunity to question the status quo.
Complete atrio-ventricular heart block, a not to be forgotten complication in transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect – a case report and review of literature
Authors: Leong Ming Chern , Alwi Mazeni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDevice occlusion of perimembranous ventricular septal defect is gaining popularity with the emergence of newer, softer occluders and improved technical know-how. We report a 26-year-old lady with a moderate size perimembranous ventricular septal defect who had a new onset of bundle branch block shortly after device closure. The patient subsequently developed a complete atrio-ventricular heart block.
Association of Ventilation during Initial Trauma Resuscitation for Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Howard Mary Beth , McCollum Nichole , Alberto Emily C. , Kotler Hannah , Mottla Mary E. , Tiusaba Laura , Keller Susan , Marsic Ivan , Sarcevic Aleksandra , Burd Randall S. , O’Connell Karen J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectives:In the absence of evidence of acute cerebral herniation, normal ventilation is recommended for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this recommendation, ventilation strategies vary during the initial management of patients with TBI and may impact outcome. The goal of this systematic review was to define the best evidence-based practice of ventilation management during the initial resuscitation period.Methods:A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and SCOPUS identified studies from 2009 through 2019 addressing the effects of ventilation during the initial post-trauma resuscitation on patient outcomes.Results:The initial search yielded 899 articles, from which 13 were relevant and selected for full-text review. Six of the 13 articles met the inclusion criteria, all of which reported on patients with TBI. Either end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) or partial pressure carbon dioxide (PCO2) were the independent variables associated with mortality. Decreased rates of mortality were reported in patients with normal PCO2 or ETCO2.Conclusions:Normoventilation, as measured by ETCO2 or PCO2, is associated with decreased mortality in patients with TBI. Preventing hyperventilation or hypoventilation in patients with TBI during the early resuscitation phase could improve outcome after TBI.
The Jewish Ḥāfeẓ: Classical New Persian Literature in the Judeo-Persian Garšūni Literary Tradition
Authors: FARRIDNEJAD SHERVIN 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe immensity of the corpus and diversity of genres of Classical New Persian in Judeo-Persian garb is remarkable, comprising a wide-ranging multitude of genres from translations of the Tanakh and rabbinic works to chronicles, lexicographies, religious poetry, translations of medieval Hebrew poems, and a large corpus of non-Jewish Classical Persian literature transcribed in Hebrew script. Yet, Judeo-Persian literary corpora remain incompletely catalogued as well as unsatisfactorily studied. While detailed studies of the genres of Judeo-Persian literature-in-transcription, as well as comparisons with literature in the common Perso-Arabic script, are still desiderata, this article aims to undertake a preliminary survey of the extant Judeo-Persian versions of the Dīvān of Šams od-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ of Shiraz (d. 792/1390) and address some contextual aspects of its popularity among Iranian Jewry.
Atmosphere‐Ionosphere (A‐I) Coupling as Viewed by ICON: Day‐to‐Day Variability Due to Planetary Wave (PW)‐Tide Interactions
Authors: Forbes Jeffrey M. , Zhang Xiaoli , Heelis Roderick , Stoneback Russell , Englert Christoph R. , Harlander John M. , Harding Brian J. , Marr Kenneth D. , Makela Jonathan J. , Immel Thomas J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCoincident Ionospheric Connections Explorer (ICON) measurements of neutral winds, plasma drifts and total ion densities (:=Ne, electron density) are analyzed during January 1–21, 2020 to reveal the relationship between neutral winds and ionospheric variability on a day‐to‐day basis. Atmosphere‐ionosphere (A‐I) connectivity inevitably involves a spectrum of planetary waves (PWs), tides and secondary waves due to wave‐wave nonlinear interactions. To provide a definitive attribution of dynamical origins, the current study focuses on a time interval when the longitudinal wave‐4 component of the E‐region winds is dominated by the eastward‐propagating diurnal tide with zonal wavenumber s = −3 (DE3). DE3 is identified in winds and ionospheric parameters through its characteristic dependence on local solar time and longitude as ICON's orbit precesses. Superimposed on this trend are large variations in low‐latitude DE3 wave‐4 zonal winds (±40 ms−1) and topside F‐region equatorial vertical drifts at periods consistent with 2‐days and 6‐days PWs, and a ∼3‐day ultra‐fast Kelvin wave (UFKW), coexisting during this time interval; the DE3 winds, dynamo electric fields, and drifts are modulated by these waves. Wave‐4 variability in Ne is of order 25%–35%, but the origins are more complex, likely additionally reflecting transport by ∼20–25 ms−1 wave‐4 in‐situ winds containing strong signatures of DE3 interactions with ambient diurnal Sun‐synchronous winds and ion drag. These results are the first to show a direct link between day‐to‐day wave‐4 variability in contemporaneously measured E‐region neutral winds and F‐region ionospheric drifts and electron densities.
Aquifer Diffusivity Estimation Through Joint Inversion of the Amplitude Ratios and Time Lags of Dominant Frequencies of Fluctuating Head
Authors: Sobolevskaia Valeriia , Cardenas M. Bayani , Hasanov Azar K. , Knappett Peter S. K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis note introduces the estimation of aquifer diffusivity (D) through simultaneous inversion of the attenuation and lag of multiple head fluctuation frequencies due to a dynamic source or boundary, that is, a river. Spectral analysis, with optimized moving time window length and step size, was used to extract the dominant constituents and their attenuation through space; the cross‐power spectral density method was used to determine time lags. The Jacob‐Ferris analytical model was then used for inverting forD. Unlike most similar applications to date, here we propose using all frequencies with robust signal‐to‐noise ratios (five total in our test cases) and both the amplitude attenuation and time lag in the inversion. The method was implemented using observations from wells in the banks of the fluctuating Meghna River in Bangladesh that is connected with a semi‐confined sandy alluvial aquifer. The estimatedDusing the technique provides estimates that are very similar to those from pumping tests. The estimates are more accurate compared to previous implementation of the Jacob‐Ferris model on the same data that used only a dominant frequency's amplitude attenuation or time lag. The workflow and codes for the analysis are provided for straightforward implementation of the robust and cost‐effective method.
Global Economic Structure Transition Boosts Atmospheric Mercury Emissions in China
Authors: Liang Sai , Chang Weicen , Zhou Haifeng , Qi Jianchuan , Li Yumeng , Feng Cuiyang , Wang Shuxiao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs the “world factory,” China has the most massive anthropogenic atmospheric mercury (Hg) emissions in the world along with its intense production activities. The development of global society and economy, including technology development, consumption behavior evolution, population growth, and so on, would significantly affect China's production and thus the Hg emissions. Here we uncover critical global socioeconomic drivers of atmospheric Hg emission changes in China during 2005–2015. Results show that the transition of global economic structures (i.e., production and final demand structures) caused 179 tons of increase in China's atmospheric Hg emissions during this period if other factors remained constant, while the transition of foreign economic structures contributed as much as 83% (149 tons). More importantly, for the first time, we reveal the crucial role of production structure transition in foreign nations. The cumulative effect of foreign production structure transition during this period (93 tons) was larger than that of foreign final demand structure transition (56 tons). It is also far more extensive than the cumulative effect of China's production structure transition (9.5 tons). Previous studies on China's atmospheric Hg emissions driven by global final demand focused more on optimizing consumption behaviors. However, this study proves the significance of a greener global production structure for reducing anthropogenic atmospheric Hg emissions in China, thus implementing the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of minocycline on translocator protein distribution volume in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder
Authors: Attwells Sophia , Setiawan Elaine , Rusjan Pablo M. , Xu Cynthia , Kish Stephen J. , Vasdev Neil , Houle Sylvain , Santhirakumar Apitharani , Meyer Jeffrey H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGliosis is implicated in the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric diseases, including treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD). Translocator protein total distribution volume (TSPO VT), a brain marker mainly reflective of gliosis in disease, can be measured using positron emission tomography (PET). Minocycline reduces gliosis and translocator protein binding in rodents, but this is not established in humans. Here, the ability of oral minocycline to reduce TSPO VT was assessed in TRD. To determine whether oral minocycline, as compared to placebo, can reduce prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and insula TSPO VT in TRD, twenty-one TRD participants underwent two [18F]FEPPA PET scans to measure TSPO VT. These were completed before and after either oral minocycline 100 mg bid or placebo which was administered in a randomized double-blinded fashion for 8 weeks. There was no significant difference between the minocycline and placebo groups on change in TSPO VT within the PFC, ACC, and insula (repeated measures ANOVA, effect of group interaction, PFC: F1,19 = 0.28, P = 0.60; ACC: F1,19 = 0.54, P = 0.47; insula F1,19 = 1.6, P = 0.22). Oral minocycline had no significant effect on TSPO VT which suggests that this dosage is insufficient to reduce gliosis in TRD. To target gliosis in TRD either alternative therapeutics or intravenous formulations of minocycline should be investigated. These results also suggest that across neuropsychiatric diseases in humans, it should be assumed that oral minocycline will not reduce TSPO VT or gliosis unless empirically demonstrated.
Long-term effects of early treatment with SSRIs on cognition and brain development in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Mancini Valentina , Maeder Johanna , Bortolin Karin , Schneider Maude , Schaer Marie , Eliez Stephan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCognitive deficits in individuals at risk of psychosis represent a significant challenge for research, as current strategies for symptomatic treatment are often ineffective. Recent studies showed that atypical cognitive development predicts the occurrence of psychotic symptoms. Additionally, abnormal brain development is known to predate clinical manifestations of psychosis. Therefore, critical developmental stages may be the best period for early interventions expected to prevent cognitive decline and protect brain maturation. However, it is challenging to identify and treat individuals at risk of psychosis in the general population before the onset of the first psychotic symptoms. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), the neurogenetic disorder with the highest genetic risk for schizophrenia, provides the opportunity to prospectively study the development of subjects at risk for psychosis. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to establish if early treatment with SSRIs in children and adolescents with 22q11DS was associated with long-term effects on cognition and brain development. We included 98 participants with a confirmed diagnosis of 22q11DS followed up 2–4 times (age range: 10–32). Thirty subjects without psychiatric disorders never received psychotropic medications, thirty had psychotic symptoms but were not treated with SSRIs, and 38 received SSRIs treatment. An increase in IQ scores characterized the developmental trajectories of participants receiving treatment with SSRIs, even those with psychotic symptoms. The thickness of frontal regions and hippocampal volume were also relatively increased. The magnitude of the outcomes was inversely correlated to the age at the onset of the treatment. We provide preliminary evidence that early long-term treatment with SSRIs may attenuate the cognitive decline associated with psychosis in 22q11DS and developmental brain abnormalities.