bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac angiosarcoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Luo Limin , Zhao Weipeng , Wang Yongshi , Liu Kun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrimary cardiac tumors are extremely rare, among which malignancies comprise about 15–25%. As the most common type of primary cardiac malignancies, angiosarcomas tend to arise in the right heart, especially right atrium. In this case report, we presented a 32‐year‐old female with primary cardiac angiosarcoma in the right atrial appendage detected by transesophageal echocardiography, as it is difficult to display on conventional transthoracic echocardiography.
Diffusion imaging of fornix and interconnected limbic deep grey matter is linked to cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Valdés Cabrera Diana , Smyth Penelope , Blevins Gregg , Emery Derek , Beaulieu Christian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown white matter (WM) and deep grey matter (GM) abnormalities in the limbic system of multiple sclerosis (MS) participants. Structures like the fornix have been associated with cognitive impairment (CI) in MS, but the diffusion metrics are often biased by partial volume effects from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to its small bundle size and intraventricular location. These errors in DTI parameter estimation worsen with atrophy in MS. The goal here was to evaluate DTI parameters and volumes of the fornix, as well as associated deep GM structures like the thalamus and hippocampus, with high‐resolution fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)‐DTI at 3T in 43 MS patients, with and without CI, versus 43 controls. The fornix, thalamus and hippocampus displayed atrophy and/or abnormal diffusion metrics, with the fornix showing the most extensive changes within the structures studied here, mainly in CI MS. The affected fornix volumes and diffusion metrics were associated with thalamic atrophy and atypical diffusion metrics in interconnected limbic GM, larger total lesion volume and global brain atrophy. Lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean and radial diffusivity in the fornix, lower hippocampus FA and lower thalamus volume were strongly correlated with CI in MS. Hippocampus FA and thalamus atrophy were negatively correlated with fatigue and longer time since MS symptoms onset, respectively. FLAIR‐DTI and volumetric analyses provided methodologically superior evidence for microstructural abnormalities and extensive atrophy of the fornix and interconnected deep GM in MS that were associated with cognitive deficits.
“The interpersonal is political”: Understanding the sociological ambivalence created in parent and adult offspring cohabiting relationships
Authors: Halliwell Sherree Dawn , Ackers George Karl 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis article considers the ambivalence generated in familial cohabitation where adult offspring have never left or have returned to live with their parents.BackgroundAmbivalence is commonly used in psychology to describe contradictory emotions at the interpersonal level.MethodA thematically analyzed ethnographic study of eight cohabitating families living in North Wales, in the United Kingdom, explored both generations' perspectives on cohabitation.ResultsAlthough our study found evidence of ambivalence at the interpersonal level, we suggest that this was drawn from a structural contradiction, namely, that although cohabitation was the result of structural issues, such as graduate underemployment and the affordable housing crisis, societal values labeled it the personal consequence of a failed adulthood. This caused these families feelings of shame and guilt that created a barrier blocking the interpersonal negotiations needed to develop more positive living arrangements and family roles. The generational contradictions in values of self, family, and society produced irreconcilable personal and political tensions.ConclusionThis study concludes that two changes are needed to better negotiate ambivalence in family cohabitation. First, the social narrative that responsibilizes young adults for their failure to attain financial and residential independence needs to be challenged. Second, to address current structural contradictions, the social contract on the provision for family social care needs political renegotiation.ImplicationsBuilding on the concept of sociological ambivalence, this article suggests that studies of ambivalence need to take a critical perspective that questions the structural forces that produce and constrain interpersonal familial relationships.
Second‐line interventions for migraine in the emergency department: A narrative review
Authors: Kazi Farnam , Manyapu Mallika , Fakherddine Maha , Mekuria Kumelachew , Friedman Benjamin W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveMillions of patients present to US emergency departments (ED) annually for the treatment of migraine. First‐line treatments, including metoclopramide, prochlorperazine, and sumatriptan, fail to provide sufficient relief in up to one‐third of treated patients. In this narrative review, we discuss the evidence supporting the use of injectable (intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous) medications for patients in the ED who fail to improve sufficiently after treatment with first‐line medication.MethodsWe used the American Headache Society's guideline, “Management of Adults with Acute Migraine in the Emergency Department: The American Headache Society Evidence Assessment of Parenteral Pharmacotherapies,” published in 2016, to identify first‐line medications for migraine. We then conducted a PubMed search to determine whether any evidence supported the use of these medications as second‐line therapy and whether any evidence existed to support the use of injectable therapies not discussed in the guideline as second‐line therapy.ResultsWe identified only scant high‐quality randomized data of second‐line therapy. Therefore, we based our recommendations on medications that have reliably demonstrated efficacy as first‐line treatment of migraine. These medications include injectable non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen. Dihydroergotamine and valproic acid have some data supporting efficacy. More recently, greater occipital nerve blocks (GONBs) have been shown to be efficacious. With the exception of meperidine, opioids have been shown to be not efficacious. Most data published to date demonstrate no role for propofol and ketamine.ConclusionsThere are no evidence‐based second‐line treatments of migraine in the ED setting. For patients with migraine, who fail to improve after treatment with a first‐line medication, it is reasonable to use an intravenous NSAID or intravenous acetaminophen. Alternatively, clinicians adept at performing a GONB may offer this treatment.
Importance of Thai macaque bioresources for biological research and human health
Authors: Srikulnath Kornsorn , Ahmad Syed Farhan , Panthum Thitipong , Malaivijitnond Suchinda 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDuring the past century, macaque bioresources have provided remarkable scientific and biomedical discoveries related to the understanding of human physiology, neuroanatomy, reproduction, development, cognition, and pathology. Considerable progress has been made, and an urgent need has arisen to develop infrastructure and viable settings to meet the current global demand in research models during the so‐called new normal after COVID‐19 era. This review highlights the critical need for macaque bioresources and proposes the establishment of a designated primate research center to integrate research in primate laboratories for the rescue and rehabilitation of wild macaques. Key areas where macaque models have been and continue to be essential for advancing fundamental knowledge in biomedical and biological research are outlined. Detailed genetic studies on macaque bioresources of Thai origin can further facilitate the rapid pace of vaccine discovery.
Suicide attempts among Taiwanese lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adults during the 2018 Taiwan referendum on same‐sex issues
Authors: Wang Ya‐Ching , Chang Shiow‐Ru , Miao Nae‐Fang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo examine suicide attempts and the influencing factors among Taiwanese lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults during the 2018 Taiwanese referendum on same‐sex issues.Research design and methodsThe 2018 Taiwanese referendum was held on November 24. A cross‐sectional online survey was conducted between October 2018 and February 2019. A total of 1012 self‐identified LGBT adults were included in the final sample.ResultsAmong the 1012 Taiwanese LGBT adults, the rates of suicide attempts ranged from 9.1% to 24.4%. A younger age, being a student, having low income, having mental health issues, and having a high level of depressive symptoms were associated with a significantly higher risk of suicide attempts in the participants. Conversely, having a postgraduate degree, having high self‐esteem, and perceiving support from friends and family were associated with a lower risk of suicide attempts.ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate suicide attempts among LGBT individuals and the influencing factors within the context of a same‐sex marriage referendum in an Asian country. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of suicide prevention measures for the LGBT community, particularly during times of increased social stress and conflict between social groups with diverse sexual and gender identities.Clinical relevanceThe results of this study suggest that nurses’ and health‐care providers’ sensitivity toward LGBT patients and their knowledge and skills in providing culturally competent care are key factors in suicide prevention for LGBT adults. Therefore, nurses and health‐care providers must be provided with training courses on culturally competent care.
Botulinum toxin type A treatment is associated with improved social and psychological behavior: A retrospective study
Authors: Sykianakis Dimitris , Stratigos Alexander , Chatziioannou Argiro , Christodoulou Christos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe human face significantly affects the individuals' quality of life, attitude, and mental state. The study of anatomy would always be on the spotlight, as the beauty of the face is desired by humans worldwide. However, age, stress, and negative emotions could lead to stimulation of the corrugator supercilii and procerus muscles in the glabellar region and, subsequently, to alterations in face's characteristics, which could be associated with isolation and avoidance of engaging in social contacts.AimsHere, we aimed to examine the degree to which treatment with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT A) can affect patients' quality of life and mental state.Patients/MethodsThe data collection was performed using 11 questionnaires, which were filled by 83 individuals who underwent BoNT A treatment (sex, 95% female and 5% male; mean age, 48 years).ResultsThe results showed that the treatment with BoNT A improved the patients' social and psychological behavior, and their opinion regarding their appearance. This effect developed within 1 month following completion of the treatment. Moreover, the effect was higher in patients' social behavior and was better in patients aged 40–49 years compared to those aged <40 and ≥49 years.ConclusionsThus, BoNT A treatment could be considered as an important way to improve the social behavior and socialization of individuals by raising their psychology and self‐esteem.
Approach to differentiate between hyaluronic acid skin quality boosters and fillers based on their physicochemical properties
Authors: Kleine‐Börger Linda , Meyer Robert , Kalies Alexander , Kerscher Martina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical indications, applications, and effect of the injectable hyaluronic acid range skin quality boosters (SQBs) are different than those of filler products. Material properties are increasingly being discussed for differentiation and in connection with clinical effects and esthetic indications.AimsThe aim of this study is to evaluate whether SQB products can be differentiated from filler products by their physicochemical material properties.Material and methodsPhysicochemical properties (extrusion force, swelling degree, rheology, and cohesivity) of two SQBs (BELR, JUVVE) were compared with those of fillers (BELB, JUVVT) using the same manufacturing technology.ResultsCohesivity was almost equal for SQBs and fillers. Few statistically significant differences in physicochemical properties were found. Properties of SQBs differed from fillers mainly in their delta of rheological properties and extrusion force.ConclusionIn this study, physicochemical differences between SQB and filler were determined and described, supporting the presence of two categories and their different clinical indications and applications.
Long‐term follow up in two cases of pelvic reconstruction using a combined VRAM flap‐sacrocolpopexy for severe perineal hernia after abdominoperineal resection
Authors: Yamamoto Shotaro , Hamuro Akihiro , Nagahara Hisashi , Motomura Hisashi , Koyama Masayasu , Tachibana Daisuke 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPerineal hernia is an infrequent complication of abdominoperineal resection (APR) and, currently, there is no consensus as to the optimal operative technique. Surgical repair can be achieved by either cerclage or the use of mesh or autologous tissue, and it has been reported that the recurrence rate after repair using autologous tissue is 33%. We present two post‐APR cases of severe perineal hernia with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) which did not improve after repair using mesh. We regenerated the pelvic floor using a vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap and performed a concomitant sacrocolpopexy to fix the POP. Drooping of the perineum and pelvic floor was greatly improved, and the patients have not experienced any recurrence for 6 years. This dual procedure has not been previously mentioned in the literature, and we consider this the first report of its kind.
Teacher Perceptions of and Experiences with Student Menstruation in the School Setting
Authors: Huseth‐Zosel Andrea L. , Secor‐Turner Molly 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMenstrual hygiene management is an important public health issue for adolescents. The objective of this study was to explore teacher perceptions and experiences addressing adolescent menstruation experiences at school and examine their perception of the impact of menstruation on student learning.METHODSTeachers in a Midwest school district participated in an online survey about their perceptions of adolescent school‐based menstruation experiences, including: experience and comfort‐level with providing menstruation assistance, presence of menstrual products in classroom/office for students, perceptions about adolescent school‐based menstruation experiences, and perceptions on the impact of menstruation on student learning.RESULTSTwo hundred and nine teachers participated in this study. Teachers perceived students' school‐based menstruation experiences to be mostly negative, stressful, embarrassing, and focused on concealment. Teachers described school‐based menstruation events as a distraction to learning and responded by offering emotional support and menstrual products, typically purchased by teachers.CONCLUSIONTeachers' negative perception of about menstruation and distractions in the classroom are amplified by social norms associated with overall menstruation‐related stigma. Findings emphasize the importance of educating teachers on how to more positively address student menstruation experiences to foster a more supportive environment conducive to learning for these students.
Does cognitive inflexibility predict violent extremist behaviour intentions? A registered direct replication report of Zmigrod et al., 2019
Authors: Schumann Sandy , Salman Nadine L. , Clemmow Caitlin , Gill Paul 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeZmigrod et al. (2019a, Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 989) demonstrated that lower levels of cognitive flexibility predict a higher willingness to fight and die for the national in‐group. We conducted a registered direct replication of their Study 1. Extending the original study, we examined whether the documented relationship held when a self‐report measure for cognitive flexibility was introduced and when identity fusion was controlled for. We also investigated whether cognitive inflexibility predicts normative pro‐group behaviour intentions.MethodsParticipants (N = 1378) reported in a cross‐sectional survey study their willingness to fight, die and sacrifice themselves for the in‐group and completed the Remote Associates (RAT) as and Wisconsin Card Sorting (WCST) tests. Afterwards, self‐reported cognitive flexibility, identity fusion and normative pro‐group behaviour intentions were assessed.ResultsResults showed a small negative relationship between RAT accuracy rates and willingness to fight and die. WCST accuracy rates were positively related with willingness to die but not correlated with willingness to fight. Self‐report measures of cognitive flexibility were partially positively and partially negatively associated with support for violent extremism. There was further evidence that lower cognitive flexibility predicts higher normative pro‐group behaviour intentions. A mini meta‐analysis, which synthesized findings from the original study and our replication, demonstrated a relatively small negative correlation between cognitive flexibility and support for violent extremism.ConclusionsIn summary, even though not all individual results could be replicated, we confirmed the overall conclusion of the original study: lower cognitive flexibility predicted stronger willingness to fight and die for an in‐group. The findings highlight that it is important to integrate cognitive style in multi‐level frameworks of risk factors of violent extremism. Additionally, our results point out that the validity of different measures of cognitive flexibility, including self‐report tools, must be further examined. Future research that evaluates cognitive flexibility training in the context of CVE/PVE interventions is also encouraged.
Piecing together the eophytes – a new group of ancient plants containing cryptospores
Authors: Edwards Dianne , Morris Jennifer L. , Axe Lindsey , Duckett Jeffrey G. , Pressel Silvia , Kenrick Paul 
Published: November 2021

Summary

The earliest evidence for land plants comes from dispersed cryptospores from the Ordovician, which dominated assemblages for 60 million years. Direct evidence of their parent plants comes from minute fossils in Welsh Borderland Upper Silurian to Lower Devonian rocks. We recognize a group that had forking, striated axes with rare stomata terminating in valvate sporangia containing permanent cryptospores, but their anatomy was unknown especially regarding conducting tissues.

Charcoalified fossils extracted from the rock using HF were selected from macerates and observed using scanning electron microscopy. Promising examples were split for further examination and compared with electron micrographs of the anatomy of extant bryophytes.

Fertile fossil axes possess central elongate cells with thick walls bearing globules, occasional strands and plasmodesmata‐sized pores. The anatomy of these cells best matches desiccation‐tolerant food‐conducting cells (leptoids) of bryophytes. Together with thick‐walled epidermal cells and extremely small size, these features suggest that these plants were poikilohydric.

Our new data on conducting cells confirms a combination of characters that distinguish the permanent cryptospore‐producers from bryophytes and tracheophytes. We therefore propose the erection of a new group, here named the Eophytidae (eophytes).
Use of ofatumumab and eplerenone in post‐transplant recurrence of FSGS
Authors: Jain Namrata G. , Chen Justin K. , Mahajan Ruchi , Kehoe Jacqueline , Singer Pamela , Whyte Dilys , Bomback Andrew S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) predisposes patients for risk of recurrent disease in allografts.MethodsWe report a case of a recipient of an unrelated living donor renal transplant and discuss considerations for utilization of ofatumumab and eplerenone in treatment for recurrent FSGS.ResultsThe recipient was initially managed with scheduled plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and rituximab post‐transplant during index hospitalization. With notable recurrence of FSGS noted on kidney transplant biopsy, she was initially treated with additional plasmapheresis sessions leading to downtrend in proteinuria. The patient was then transitioned to LDL‐A pheresis, which resulted again in uptrend in proteinuria. This prompted return to scheduled plasmapheresis sessions weekly, leading again to a downtrend in proteinuria. Albumin levels remained within normal range throughout her course. Following initiation of eplerenone and ofatumumab, the patient demonstrated normalization of urine protein:creatinine ratio and remission of FSGS recurrence without need for additional apheresis.ConclusionsWith notable risk of recurrence of FSGS in kidney transplants leading to allograft failure, the use of ofatumumab and eplerenone in conjunction should be considered for management to induce remission.
The association between late preterm birth and cardiometabolic conditions across the life course: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yoshida‐Montezuma Yulika , Stone Erica , Iftikhar Saman , De Rubeis Vanessa , Andreacchi Alessandra T. , Keown‐Stoneman Charles , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Brown Hilary K. , de Souza Russell J. , Anderson Laura N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of being born late preterm (34–36 weeks gestation) on cardiometabolic outcomes across the life course is unclear.ObjectivesTo systematically review the association between being born late preterm (spontaneous or indicated), compared to the term and cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adults.Data sourcesEMBASE(Ovid), MEDLINE(Ovid), CINAHL.Study selection and data extractionObservational studies up to July 2021 were included. Study characteristics, gestational age, cardiometabolic outcomes, risk ratios (RRs), odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted.SynthesisWe pooled converted RRs using random‐effects meta‐analyses for diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and body mass index (BMI) with subgroups for children and adults. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale and certainty of the evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach.ResultsForty‐one studies were included (41,203,468 total participants; median: 5.0% late preterm). Late preterm birth was associated with increased diabetes (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.17, 1.32; nine studies; n = 6,056,511; incidence 0.9%; I2 51%; low certainty) and hypertension (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.13, 1.30; 11 studies; n = 3,983,141; incidence 3.4%; I2 64%; low certainty) in children and adults combined. Late preterm birth was associated with decreased BMI z‐scores in children (standard mean difference −0.38; 95% CI −0.67, −0.09; five studies; n = 32,602; proportion late preterm 8.3%; I2 96%; very low certainty). There was insufficient evidence that late preterm birth was associated with increased IHD risk in adults (HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.89, 1.62; four studies; n = 2,706,806; incidence 0.3%; I2 87%; very low certainty).ConclusionsLate preterm birth was associated with an increased risk of diabetes and hypertension. The certainty of the evidence was low or very low. Inconsistencies in late preterm and term definitions, confounding variables and outcome age limited the comparability of studies.