bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical-experimental analysis of a modified G-BOP test to evaluate cracks in weld beads in thin sheets
Authors: Duarte Saulo Moretti Araújo , Abdias Heitor Silva Pereira , Silva José Hilton Ferreira da , Gomes Kelly Cristiane 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the most critical problems related to welding is the occurrence of Hydrogen-Induced Cracking (HIC), and despite all the efforts made to mitigate this defect, it remains present in modern welding industry. Although the Gapped Bead-on-Plate (G-BOP) test is one of the most practical methods for assessing susceptibility to HIC, its application is restricted by the fact that it employs a thick plate as the base metal. Considering that many materials, such as the High-Strength-Low-Alloy (HSLA) steels, are difficult to find commercially in the required thickness, and also the fundamental need to appropriately represent the relationship between base and weld metals, da Silva, Fals and Trevisan \cite{RefG} developed a modified G-BOP test that uses a thinner sheet as the base metal. Thus, the present paper aims to evaluate the ability of the Finite Element Method (FEM) to represent the thermomechanical aspects of the G-BOP test, and then to analyze the modified version proposed by \cite{RefG} using a numerical-experimental approach with the FEM as a support tool in the investigation of HIC phenomena. The results, in addition to consolidating the modified version of the test, corroborate the FEM as an important ally in HIC studies.
Associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with blood pressure and hypertension defined by Chinese and ACC/AHA Guideline: The CHCN-BTH cohort study
Authors: Li Bingxiao , Cao Han , Liu Kuo , Pan Li , Cui Ze , Zhao Wei , Zhang Han , Niu Kaijun , Tang Naijun , Sun Jixin , Han Xiaoyan , Wang Zhengfang , Zhu Huiping , He Huijing , Cao Yajing , Xu Zhiyuan , Meng Ge , Shan Anqi , Sun Yanyan , Peng Wenjuan , Guo Chunyue , Liu Xiaohui , Xie Yunyi , Wen Fuyuan , Zhang Fengxu , Shan Guangliang , Zhang Ling 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background：The association between long-term air pollutants exposure with blood pressure and hypertension defined by 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) Hypertension Guideline is still conflicting. This study was designed to investigate the associations between long-term exposure to air pollutants, blood pressure and hypertension defined by Chinese and ACC/AHA guideline in Chinese adults. Methods: Our study was based on the baseline survey of the Cohort Study on Chronic Disease of Communities Natural Population in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei (CHCN-BTH) from 2017 to 2019. A spatial statistical model was used to assessed three-year (2014-2016) average pollutant concentrations for PM2.5, and other pollutants concentration (PM10, SO2, NO2) was assessed by data of air monitoring stations. Results: A total of 32,135 adults aged 18-80 years were included, each interquartile range (IQR) increment of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 was associated with increases of 0.66mmHg (95%CI: 0.29, 1.03), 040mmHg (0.00, 0.81), 1.38mmHg (0.92, 1.84) and 0.54mmHg (0.16, 0.91) in SBP, respectively. SO2 was associated with increases 0.42mmHg (0.11, 0.72) in DBP. PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 was associated with an 14% (Odds ratio [OR]:1.14, 95%CI:1.06-1.23), 6% (1.06, 1.00-1.13), 9% (1.09, 1.02-1.17) and 8% (1.08, 1.01-1.16) increase of hypertension defined by Chinese guideline. PM2.5 and SO2 was associated with 16% (1.166, 1.093-1.245) and 10% (1.10, 1.03-1.18) increase of hypertension defined by ACC/AHA guideline. Two-pollutants model, traffic-related pollution model and stratiﬁed analysis yielded similar results. Conclusions: We found that long-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2 and SO2 is associated with increase of blood pressure and hypertension defined by both Chinses and ACC/AHA guideline. PM10 is associated with higher SBP and risk of hypertension defined by Chinese guideline.
Anterior Segment Surgeries Performed During the Lockdown Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: bektaşoğlu damla , Çakmak Semih , Kırgız Ahmet , Beşek Nilay Kandemir , Yıldız Burçin Kepez , Yılmaz Fevziye Öndeş , Genç Selim , Yıldırım Yusuf , Demirok Ahmet , Taşkapılı Muhittin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the anterior segment surgeries performed in the coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown period when prevention is at the forefront, in terms of etiology, referral region, demographic characteristics, and surgeries performed.Methods: A total of 144 cases who underwent anterior segment surgeries between 19 March 2020 and1 June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed from archive files. The demographic data and ophthalmological examinations of the patients, the region they were referred from, and the surgeries performed were noted.Results: A total of 144 patients, 49 women (34%) and 95 men (66%), were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 31.30±25.88 (1-86) years. The presenting complaint was in the right eye in 43.7% of the cases, in the left eye in 52.8%, and in both eyes in 3.5% of the cases. While 94.4% of all cases applied from Istanbul, the remaining 5.6% applied from outside the province. Whereas 43.7% of the cases consisted of patients we had followed up previously, 56.3% presented to our hospital for the first time. Our hospital was the first referenced center in only 39.6% of the cases. When evaluated in terms of etiology, corneal perforation (18.1%) was the most common, followed by keratitis (13.2%). The most common surgical intervention was amnion membrane transplantation (19.4%), followed by perforation repair (16.7%).Conclusion: Ophthalmologic surgeries are continuing during the ongoing COVID-19 intervention process. Special algorithms are required to reduce the risk of transmission in terms of COVID-19 and to ensure continuity of health care for ophthalmology patients.
Quantitative Proteomics Analysis to Study the Protective Effects of Nerve Growth Factor on Hippocampal Mitochondria in VD Rats
Authors: Zhang Yanmei , yao yuan , Zhu Runxiu , Aida Niyang , Yuan Jun , Wu Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Vascular dementia (VD) is a kind of clinical syndrome characterized with the impairment cognitive function caused by cerebrovascular disease. Genetics, biochemical, and morphological analyses of cell and animal models, reveal that mitochondria could have roles in this neurodegeneration.
Methods

We used Sprague-Dawley rats to establish VD model, and used the proteomics method based on relative quantification (iTRAQ) to identify the differentially expressed proteins in hippocampus mitochondria.
Results

A total of 33 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the VD rats and the VD rats treated with nerve growth factor groups. And five differentially expressed proteins (Rgs14, Slc7a14, Ppm1l, Kcnj10 and Syngr1) were identified after completing the sham-operate control, VD rats and VD rats treated with nerve growth factor groups, then successfully confirmed by western blot. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the mitochondrial molecular mechanism of VD and the protective effect of nerve growth factor on mitochondrial function of VD rats may be due to different molecular mechanisms.
Conclusion

We estimated that mitochondrial dysfunction may be the onset of VD and key role in the pathological process of VD. This study not only has a deeper understanding of the mitochondrial molecular mechanism of VD, but also is helpful for the screening of drug targets.
The Effect of Different Surface Plasmon Polaritons Shapes on Thin Film Solar Cell Efficiency
Authors: ElKhamisy Khalil , Elagooz Salah , El-Rabaie El-Sayed , Abdelhamid Hamdy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Thin film Si solar cell and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) effects on solar cell efficiency, series resistance and shunt resistance are studied and analyzed in this work. The different surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) shapes and their effects on the optical, electrical properties and therefore on the efficiency of thin film solar cell are studied in this work. This study is introduced using 3D numerical simulation results. The semiconductor and electromagnetic models are incorporated for studying the electrical and optical behaviors of the thin film solar cells, respectively. A 14.76% efficiency is obtained for triangle’ SPPs of about 1.07% of efficiency improvement compared to solar cell of SPPs free. The solar cell electrical parameters also are extracted in this work based on a single diode equivalent model. The series resistance is enhanced for solar cells of equilateral triangle SPP by 3% compared to the non-applied SPPs.
Aberrant salience relationship with first rank s ymptoms.
Authors: Ballerini Andrea , Tortorelli Marta , Marino Paolo , Appignanesi Cristina , Baschirotto Cinzia , Mallardo Luca , Tofani Tommaso , Pietrini Francesco , D'Anna Giulio , Rossi Andrea , Ricca Valdo , Santella Marina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Aberrant salience is the incorrect assignment of salience, significance, or value to different innocuous stimuli that might precede the onset of psychotic symptoms. The present study study aimed to perform a preliminary evaluation of potentially different correlations between the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) score and dimensional or categorical diagnostic approaches.
Methods

168 adult outpatients with a current psychiatric diagnosis were consecutively enrolled. Patients were evaluated using different psychometric scales. ASI was used to evaluate aberrant salience, and to evaluate the association between ASI scores and First Rank Symptoms (FRS), and/or with a psychiatric diagnosis. Principal dichotomic clusters of ASI were identified using the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) method.
Results

Current (16.76 ± 6.02 vs 13.37 ± 5.76; p = 0.001), lifetime (15.74 ± 6.08 vs 13.16 ± 5.74; p = 0.005) and past (15.75 ± 6.01 vs 13.33 ± 5.80; p = 0.009) FRS were the main clusters dichotomizing ASI. The average ASI score did not significantly differ among patients with different diagnoses.
Conclusions

ASI could be used as a tool to identify psychopathological dimensions, rather the categorical diagnoses, in the schizophrenic spectrum.
Gender and Regional Disparities in Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Lun-Jie , Yao Sheng-Yu , Meng Guang-Xiao , Liu Kai-Xuan , Li Hai-Chao , Ding Zi-Niu , Dong Zhao-Ru , Hong Jian-Guo , Chen Zhi-Qiang , Li Tao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRecent studies have identified an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Gender and regional disparities in incidence of HCC in AIH continue to be reported worldwide. Nevertheless, the magnitude of this gap remains unknown.MethodWe searched several databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wangfang Data, CNKI and Sinomed. Incidence rates of HCC in AIH were combined and analyzed following the EBayes method. Incidence rate ratios were pooled to assess the gender differences. The impact of population difference, gender, age, cirrhotic condition was further analyzed with subgroup analysis and linear regression analysis.Result39 studies meeting our eligibility criteria were chosen for the analysis. The pooled incidence rate of HCC in AIH was 3.54 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 2.76–4.55). Pooled IRR for the risk of HCC in male AIH patients compared to female was 2.16 (95%CI = 1.25–3.75), with mild heterogeneity among studies. The pooled HCC incidence rate in AIH by continents was as follows: Europe 2.37 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 1.45–3.88), Asia 6.18 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 5.51–6.93), North America 2.97 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 2.40–3.68), Oceania 2.60 (95%CI = 0.54–7.58). The pooled HCC incidence rate in AIH related cirrhosis by continent was as follows: Europe 6.35 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 3.94–10.22), Asia 17.02 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 11.18–25.91), North America 10.89 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI = 6.69–17.74).ConclusionA higher HCC incidence in AIH was observed among male and in Asian populations. Routine HCC surveillance is cost effective for patients with AIH cirrhosis, especially for those in Asian populations.
ecRESCUE: a novel ecDHFR-regulated RESCUE system with reduced RNA off-targeting activity
Authors: Gao Jianen , Wang Yihan , Li Guo , Li Xiangyang , Wang Yuzhe , Huang Xingxu , Hu Xiaoxiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The currently available RESCUE RNA base editing system demonstrates considerable potential for the treatment of genetic diseases at the transcriptional level. However, the relatively high incidence of off-target events hampers the precise RNA editing, thereby limiting its use in the clinical setting. This study describes a new RNA base editing method, named ecRESCUE, which utilizes inducible stabilization of the protein ecDHFR DD fused at the C-terminal of the original RESCUE system. In vitro experiments in 293T cells showed that the ecRESCUE editor markedly reduced the incidence of off-target single nucleotide polymorphisms without affecting the RNA A-to-I and C-to-U base editing efficiency. Altogether, these results demonstrate that the inducible ecRESCUE system represents an attractive approach to regulate and improve the outcome of the available RNA base editor with reduced off-targeting activity.
Preparation And Characterization Of g-C3N4 @ L-Arginine As A Highly - Efficient And Recyclable Catalyst For The Synthesis of 1, 4-Dihydropyridine, 4H-Chromene, And 2, 3-Dihydro Quinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Tajik Zeinab , Ghafuri Hossein , Ghanbari Nastaran , Hanifehnejad Payman 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, the nanocatalyst of g-C3N4@L-arginine was prepared that synthesis of it in comparison with the synthesis of other catalysts was convenient; initially, this prepared nanocatalyst was evaluated and verified by FT-IR, EDX, XRD, TGA, and FESEM analysis, and in the next step, the performance of nanocatalyst in the synthesis of 1, 4-dihydropyridine, 4H-chromene, and 2, 3-dihydro quinazoline derivatives were examined with high yield. Properties such as high thermal stability, easy separation of reaction media, use in various multicomponent reactions, and reusability have caused that this novel nanocatalyst was changed into a unique catalyst in its own age.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Evaluation of Triazole and Chalcone Conjugate As Antitubercular Agent
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Singh Rakesh , kant Rishi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work was to be combine two pharmocophoric nuclei viz, triazole and chalcone and evaluate their antitubercular activity. Propargylated vanillin was condensed with differently substituted acetophenones to produce various chalcones (3a-c). Propargyl chalcones were then made to react with benzyl azides (2a-d) using the technique of Click chemistry and this reaction yielded triazole-chalcone hybrids (4a-l) in good yields, ranged from 34 to 93%. These hybrids were evaluated for their antitubercular activity, from the results it was found that triazole and chalcone on combination exhibited enhanced bioactivity thereby supported the theory of synergistic effect. The conjugate 4a and 4f were found to be most potent with MIC of 1.6 µg/ml. Molecular docking studies of bioactive compounds were in good congruence with in-vitro studies.
Transcriptome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility genes contributing to hearing impairment
Authors: Xie Chengyong , Niu Yuguang , Ping Jie , Zhang Qian , Zhang Zheng , Wang Yahui , Yang Chenning , Zhou Gangqiao , Li Yuanfeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Hearing impairment (HI) is a growing public health issue of global concern, which may lead to decreased work efficiency, social withdrawal and depression. However, the knowledge of the genetic basis of HI is limited. We conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) on risk of HI by combining an European cohort (578 cases and 583 controls) with a Chinese cohort (89 cases and 209 controls). We identified that 46 genes show transcriptome-wide significant associations with the HI risk in the meta-analyses of the European and the Chinese cohorts (all P < 3.96 ×10− 6). Of these 46 candidate genes, four genes (ARL6IP6, TMEM127, TOMM7 and JAM3) showed nominal evidence of association in both cohorts (all P < 0.05). Among these four genes, two ones (ARL6IP6 and TMEM127) revealed strong, colocalized, and potentially causal associations with HI. Pathway enrichment analyses showed that the ciliary landscape (P = 5.55 × 10− 4), cholesterol biosynthesis (P = 7.09 × 10− 3), glycerophospholipid metabolism (P = 9.65 × 10− 3) and IL-4 (P = 1.11 × 10− 2) signaling pathways are significantly associated with HI. Our findings identified several novel susceptibility genes contributing to HI, and emphasized the power of TWAS in identifying putatively causal genes for common diseases.
A COVID-19 Pretest Probability Calculator
Authors: Hayden Frederick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 presents with a wide variety of symptoms which also vary in severity. Clinical gestalt is required to help distinguish between COVID-19 and other viral illness. As the pandemic heads into the second year, patient compliance with isolation and quarantine precautions is starting to diminish. The COVID-19 Pretest Probability Calculator is proposed to help offer pre-test probability of COVID-19 to assist in medical decision making. Methods: Patient’s presenting with COVID-19 like illness were grouped to high, intermediate, or low pretest probability risk based on total scores from reported criteria, which was correlated with the resulting SARS-CoV-2 PCR nasal swab. The calculator was applied in both a prospective and retrospective fashion. Results: A total of 412 patients were recorded, with a total of 132 positive results. Of low-risk patients, only one patient resulted as positive, while 85% or 111 of total positive results being categorized as high-risk. Overall demonstrated sensitivity was 99% with 50% specificity. Individual criteria were analyzed with anosmia and dysgeusia being the most significant. These symptoms demonstrated 92% specificity, and no low-risk patients reported these symptoms. Conclusion: The COVID calculator demonstrates strong rule-out capability for patients who are low risk. Furthermore, 85% of positive patients were high risk which suggests the need for longer isolation or retesting especially when an alternative diagnosis cannot be established. If a patient reports anosmia or dysgeusia a higher index of suspicion for COVID-19 should be considered.
Prediction of Repeated Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Children With Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Lu Yaheng , Chen Tingting , Wen Yizhou , Si Feifei , Wu Xindan , Yang Yanfeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Repeated intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance prediction is one of the pivotal topics in Kawasaki disease (KD). Those non-responders of repeated IVIG treatment might be improved by an early-intensified therapy to reduce coronary artery lesion and medical costs. This study investigated predictors of resistance to repeated IVIG treatment in KD.Methods: A total of 94 children with IVIG-resistant KD treated at our hospital between January 2016 and August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the therapeutic effect of a second dose IVIG treatment, the children were divided into repeated IVIG-responsive group and repeated IVIG-resistant group, and the clinical and laboratory data were compared. Predictors of repeated IVIG resistance and the optimal cut-off value were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: The laboratory data of the percentage of neutrophils (N%) and levels of serum procalcitonin (PCT), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) on admission were significantly higher in repeated IVIG-resistant group compared with repeated IVIG-responsive group, while levels of serum sodium (Na+) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower (P<0.05). The clinic data showed no significant differences between the two groups. PCT exhibited the largest AUC (0.751) in predicting repeated IVIG resistance in KD compared with N%, Na+, ALB, and NT-proBNP. PCT>1.81ng/ml was an independent predictor of repeated IVIG resistance in KD (OR 4.161, 95% CI 1.441~12.017, P=0.008). Conclusions: Our study illustrates the serum PCT level before initial IVIG treatment could be used to predict repeated IVIG resistance in KD.
A multi-level scenario-based predictive analytics framework to model community mental health—built environment nexus
Authors: Mukherjee Sayanti , Boamah Emmanuel Frimpong , Ganguly Prasangsha , Botchwey Nisha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Understanding the complex community mental health—built environment nexus remains vital to building healthy and sustainable cities. The recent commission report on mental health and sustainable development goals elevates concerns about understanding these complex relationships for informed-policy actions. However, there are limited analytical and methodological frameworks to unpack these relationships. Here, we develop a multi-level scenario-based predictive analytics framework (MSPAF) to address this limitation. We employ rigorously validated interpretable machine learning algorithms and scenario-based sensitivity analyses to explore the relationship between community mental health, and socio-economic/physical aspects of built environment across the US metropolitan areas. Our results suggest that declining socioeconomic conditions (e.g., poverty, low income, unemployment) are significantly associated with increased reported mental health disorders. The results also contribute to the insurance-mental health debate by showing decreased access to public health insurance is associated with increase in reported mental disorders. Finally, adults report increased mental health disorders as travel costs or housing vacancies increase, but this does not hold across all the metropolitan areas, illustrating a mixed effect of built environment’s physical aspects on mental health. We conclude by highlighting future opportunities of incorporating other micro-/macro-level data into the MSPAF framework to examine the mental health—built environment nexus further.
Intracranial Capillary Hemangioma – a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Goel Aimee , Cuthbert Hadleigh , Joseph Jooly , Albanese Erminia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCapillary hemangiomas of the central nervous system are exceedingly rare. These are benign tumour-like lesions that usually occur in the skin and soft tissues of mainly children. We report the case of an extra-axial capillary hemangioma mimicking a tentorial meningioma.Case presentationA 46-year old female patient presented with headaches. Imaging revealed an avidly enhancing tentorial lesion with a wide dural base, features suggestive of a meningioma. Intra-operatively, an extra-axial heavily vascular tumour was found and was radically resected en bloc. Histology revealed thin-walled capillary-sized vessels arranged in closely packed lobules, and a diagnosis of capillary hemangioma was made. At one year follow up, the patient was asymptomatic and no tumour recurrence was noted.ConclusionsA literature review showed that capillary hemangiomas may be misdiagnosed as other extra-axial dural-based lesions such as meningiomas, schwannomas, hemangiopericytomas and inflammatory granulomatous lesions. Diagnosis should be considered especially in radiologically atypical cases. Complete excision is curative. Stereotactic radiosurgery on its own or in conjunction with surgery also achieves good results while partial excision or biopsy alone often leads to recurrence.