bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-compact X-ray binaries as dual-line gravitational-wave sources
Authors: Suvorov A G 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
By virtue of their sub-hour orbital periods, ultra-compact X-ray binaries are promising sources for the space-borne gravitational-wave interferometers LISA, Taiji, and TianQin. Some of these systems contain a neutron star primary, whose spin period can be measured directly via pulse timing, or indirectly through rotational modulations of burst phenomena. It is pointed out here that since actively accreting stars, with spin frequencies in the hundreds of Hz, may continuously emit appreciable gravitational waves due to the presence of accretion-built mountains, toroidal magnetic fields, and/or r-mode oscillations, such binaries are also candidate sources for ground-based interferometers. Two Galactic systems (4U 1728−34 and 4U 1820−30) are identified as being potentially detectable by both LISA and aLIGO simultaneously: a dual-line detection of this sort could provide percent-level constraints on the mass, radius, and internal magnetic field strength of the neutron star. With the Einstein Telescope, we find that at least four of the known ultra-compact binaries become dual-line visible.
RNA N6-methyladenosine modification, spermatogenesis, and human male infertility
Authors: Cai Zhonglin , Niu Yamei , Li Hongjun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the main forms of posttranscriptional modification, and its dysregulation is involved in a series of pathological processes. RNA m6A regulators, which mediate dynamic RNA m6A modification, are expressed in almost all types of testicular cells, including spermatogenetic cells and somatic cells. Cumulative studies have found that knockout of RNA m6A regulators in the testis leads to abnormal metabolism of the target mRNAs, which eventually causes spermatogenetic disorders and infertility. To date, a role for dysregulated RNA m6A modification in human male infertility remains elusive; however, dysregulated expression of RNA m6A regulators in abnormal human semen samples, including oligospermia, asthenozoospermia and azoospermia, has been found. Therefore, we speculate that abnormal RNA m6A methylation may be an important mechanism of male infertility. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding the spatiotemporal expression of RNA m6A regulators in the testes, mechanisms of RNA m6A modification in spermatogenesis and the relation between dysregulated RNA m6A regulators and human male infertility. In addition, we also discuss future directions in studying the molecular mechanism of male infertility and exploring their clinical applications from the viewpoint of RNA m6A modification.
Disparities in Integrase Inhibitor Usage in the Modern HIV Treatment Era: A Population-Based Study in a US City
Authors: Spinelli Matthew A , Hessol Nancy A , Schwarcz Sandra K , Scheer Susan , Gandhi Monica , Chin Hsu Ling 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Integrase inhibitor–based (INSTI) antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are preferred for most people with HIV (PWH). We examined factors associated with INSTI use among PWH in San Francisco who started ART in 2009–2016. PWH who experienced homelessness were less likely, and older PWH were more likely, to use an INSTI.
GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response
Authors: Wang Zemin , Wong Darren Chern Jan , Wang Yi , Xu Guangzhao , Ren Chong , Liu Yanfei , Kuang Yangfu , Fan Peige , Li Shaohua , Xin Haiping , Liang Zhenchang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, and ectopic expression of VaPAT1 enhances cold tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of VaPAT1 during the cold stress response in grapevine. Here, we confirmed the overexpression of VaPAT1 in transformed grape calli enhanced cold tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays highlighted an interaction between VaPAT1 with INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN 3 (VaIDD3). A role of VaIDD3 in cold tolerance was also indicated. Transcriptome analysis revealed VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 overexpression and cold treatment coordinately modulate the expression of stress-related genes including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), a gene encoding a key jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme. Co-expression network analysis indicated LOX3 might be a downstream target of VaPAT1. Both electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase reporter assays showed the VaPAT1-IDD3 complex binds to the IDD-box (AGACAAA) in the VaLOX3 promoter to activate its expression. Overexpression of both VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 increased the transcription of VaLOX3 and JA levels in transgenic grape calli. Conversely, VaPAT1-SRDX (dominant repression) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PAT1-ED causing the loss of the C-terminus in grape calli dramatically prohibited the accumulation of VaLOX3 and JA levels during cold treatment. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of VaPAT1 in the cold stress response in grape by regulating JA biosynthesis.
The Sound of Many Funds Rebalancing
Authors: Chinco Alex , Fos Vyacheslav 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes that computational complexity generates noise. The same asset is often held for completely different reasons by many funds following a wide variety of threshold-based trading rules. Under these conditions, we show it can be computationally infeasible to predict how these various trading rules will interact with one another, turning the net demand from these funds into unpredictable noise. This noise-generating mechanism can operate in a wide range of markets and also predicts how noise volatility will vary across assets. We confirm this prediction empirically using data on exchange-traded funds. (JEL G00, G02, G14).
Received May 28 2019; editorial decision December 16 2020 by Editor Thierry Foucault. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Are neutrophil extracellular traps the link for the cross-talk between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis physiopathology?
Authors: Oliveira Sicília Rezende , de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Schneider Ayda Henriques , Carvalho Valessa Florindo , Machado Caio Cavalcante , Corrêa Jôice Dias , Moura Marcela Faria , Duffles Letícia Fernanda , de Souza Flávio Falcão Lima , Ferreira Gilda Aparecida , Costa Fernando Oliveira , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Taba Júnior Mário , Fukada Sandra Yasuyo , de Oliveira Renê Donizeti Ribeiro , Louzada-Júnior Paulo , Cunha Fernando de Queiroz , Silva Tarcília Aparecida 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it remains poorly understood whether NETs participate in the cross-talk between periodontitis and RA. Herein, we investigated the production of NETs in individuals with periodontitis and RA and its association with clinical parameters. The impact of periodontal therapy on RA and NET release was also assessed.

Methods
The concentration of NETs and cytokines was determined in the saliva and plasma of individuals with early RA (n = 24), established RA (n = 64) and individuals without RA (n = 76). The influence of periodontitis on the production of NETs and cytokines was also evaluated.

Results
Individuals with early RA had a higher concentration of NETs in saliva and plasma than individuals with established RA or without RA. Periodontitis resulted in an increase in the concentration of NETs of groups of individuals without RA and with early RA. The proportion of individuals with high concentrations of IL-6, IL-10 and GM-CSF was higher among individuals with periodontitis than among individuals without periodontitis. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17/IL-25 and IL-28A were particularly high in individuals with early RA. Worse periodontal clinical parameters, RA onset and RA activity were significantly associated with circulating NETs. Periodontal therapy was associated with a reduction in the concentration of NETs and inflammatory cytokines and amelioration in periodontitis and RA.

Conclusion
This study reveals that NETs are a possible link between periodontitis and RA, with periodontal therapy resulting in a dramatic switch in circulating NET levels.
Misreporting of Results of Research in Psychiatry
Authors: Bowcut Jana , Levi Linda , Livnah Ortal , Ross Joseph S , Knable Michael , Davidson Michael , Davis John M , Weiser Mark 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Few studies address publication and outcome reporting biases of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in psychiatry. The objective of this study was to determine publication and outcome reporting bias in RCTs funded by the Stanley Medical Research Institute (SMRI), a U.S. based, non-profit organization funding RCTs in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We identified all RCTs (n = 280) funded by SMRI between 2000 and 2011, and using non-public, final study reports and published manuscripts, we classified the results as positive or negative in terms of the drug compared to placebo. Design, outcome measures and statistical methods specified in the original protocol were compared to the published manuscript. Of 280 RCTs funded by SMRI between 2000 and 2011, at the time of this writing, three RCTs were ongoing and 39 were not performed. Among the 238 completed RCTs, 86 (36.1%) reported positive and 152 (63.9%) reported negative results: 86% (74/86) of those with positive findings were published in contrast to 53% (80/152) of those with negative findings (P &lt; .001). In 70% of the manuscripts published, there were major discrepancies between the published manuscript and the original RCT protocol (change in the primary outcome measure or statistics, change in a number of patient groups, 25% or more reduction in sample size). We conclude that publication bias and outcome reporting bias is common in papers reporting RCTs in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These data have major implications regarding the validity of the reports of clinical trials published in the literature.
The effects of partially replacing animal protein sources with full fat black soldier fly larvae meal (Hermetia illucens) in nursery diets on growth performance, gut morphology, and immune response of pigs
Authors: Crosbie Michelina , Zhu Cuilan , Karrow Niel A , Huber Lee-Anne 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One hundred and forty-four newly weaned pigs (6.74 ± 0.23 kg initial BW; 21 d of age) were used to determine the effect of partially replacing animal protein sources with black solider fly larvae meal (BSFLM) in nursery diets on growth performance, gut morphology, and immune response. After weaning, pigs were placed in 24 pens (six pigs per pen) and pens were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments (study d 0; n = 6), which were fed over three phases (phases I, II, and III were fed for 7, 14, and 21 d, respectively). Two nursery diets were formulated with 25% (LowFF) and 50% (HighFF) of the animal protein sources replaced by full fat BSFLM. Conventional nursery diets including animal protein sources without (CON−) and with antibiotics (220 mg Aureomycin per kg of complete feed; CON+) served as controls. On d 8, two pigs per pen were sacrificed to collect organ weights and for intestinal histomorphological measurements. On d 9 and d 23, two pigs per pen were vaccinated with the novel antigen ovalbumin (OVA). Blood samples were collected on d 9, d 23, and d 38 to assess concentrations of plasma haptoglobin and OVA-specific immunoglobulins G (IgG) and IgG1. On d 38, the same two pigs per pen underwent a dermal hypersensitivity test and skin-fold thickness was measured at 0, 6, 24, and 48 h postintradermal injection with OVA. Pigs fed the CON- had greater ADFI and lower G:F in phase II vs. those fed CON+ and HighFF diets (P &lt; 0.05 and P &lt; 0.05); intermediate ADFI was observed for pigs fed the LowFF diet. Overall in the nursery period, ADG (496 ± 13 g), ADFI (743 ± 23 g), G:F, and final BW (27.61 ± 0.66 kg) were not different among dietary treatments. There were no differences in organ weights, jejunal or ileal villus heights, or crypt depths among dietary treatments. There were no differences in OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, or plasma haptoglobin among dietary treatments at any of the blood sampling times. Although not different, pigs fed the LowFF, HighFF, and CON+ diets had respectively 2.0×, 1.7×, and 1.4× greater dermal hypersensitivity response to OVA versus those fed CON−. Both inclusion levels of BSFLM in nursery diets supported growth performance, gut morphology, and indices of immune function not different from the CON+, which suggest that full fat BSFLM can replace at least 50% of animal protein sources in nursery diets of pigs without any deleterious effects on pig growth.
How Memory Switches Brain Responses of Patients with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Inoue Jun , Matsuo Kayako , Iwabuchi Toshiki , Takehara Yasuo , Yamasue Hidenori 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo characterize the brain responses to traumatic memories in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we conducted task-employed functional magnetic resonance imaging and, in the process, devised a simple but innovative approach—correlation computation between task conditions. A script-driven imagery task was used to compare the responses with a script of the patients’ own traumatic memories and with that of tooth brushing as a daily activity and to evaluate how eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), an established therapy for PTSD, resolved the alterations in patients. Nine patients with PTSD (seven females, aged 27–50 years) and nine age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated in this study. Six patients underwent the second scan under the same paradigm after EMDR. We discovered intense negative correlations between daily and traumatic memory conditions in broad areas, including the hippocampus; patients who had an intense suppression of activation during daily recognition showed an intense activation while remembering a traumatic memory, whereas patients who had a hyperarousal in daily recognition showed an intense suppression while remembering a traumatic memory as a form of “shut-down.” Moreover, the magnitude of the discrepancy was reduced in patients who remitted after EMDR, which might predict an improved prognosis of PTSD.
Supplementation of milk polar lipids to obese dams improves neurodevelopment and cognitive function in male offspring
Authors: Yuan Qi‐chen , Gong Han , Du Min , Mao Xue‐ying 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMilk contains about 4% fat globules with its surface covered by polar lipids. Despite the abundant consumption of dairy products, the biological effects of dietary milk polar lipids on metabolic health have only been sparsely examined. Maternal obesity results in neurodevelopmental disorders and cognitive impairment in offspring. Considering the importance of maternal nutrition, the effects of polar lipids‐enriched milk fat globule membrane (MFGM‐PL) supplementation to dams during pregnancy and lactation on neurodevelopment and its long‐term programming effects on offspring cognition were examined. Female Sprague‐Dawley rats consumed 8‐week control diet (CON) or high‐fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity before mating. Then, female rats were fed CON or HFD with or without the supplementation of 400 mg/kg body weight MFGM‐PL during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were fed 11‐week HFD after weaning. MFGM‐PL supplementation to obese dams suppressed body weight gain and hyperinsulinemia in both dams and offspring. Offspring born to obese dams displayed delayed neurological reflexes development, impaired neurogenesis before weaning, and cognitive impairment in adulthood, which were recovered by maternal MFGM‐PL supplementation. Insulin resistance and aberrant brain‐derived neurotrophic factor signaling were induced in the hippocampus of neonatal and adult offspring due to maternal and progeny HFD, but recovered by maternal MFGM‐PL administration. This study demonstrates that maternal MFGM‐PL supplementation can promote neurodevelopment and exert long‐term effects against HFD‐induced cognitive impairment in offspring via alleviating hippocampal insulin resistance. Hence, MFGM‐PL is a promising ingredient for exerting beneficial programming effects on the brain health of offspring.
Bifunctional protein PCBD2 operates as a co‐factor for hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β and modulates gene transcription
Authors: Tholen Lotte E. , Bos Caro , Jansen Pascal W. T. C. , Venselaar Hanka , Vermeulen Michiel , Hoenderop Joost G. J. , de Baaij Jeroen H. F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) is an essential transcription factor in development of the kidney, liver, and pancreas. HNF1β‐mediated transcription of target genes is dependent on the cell type and the development stage. Nevertheless, the regulation of HNF1β function by enhancers and co‐factors that allow this cell‐specific transcription is largely unknown. To map the HNF1β interactome we performed mass spectrometry in a mouse kidney inner medullary collecting duct cell line. Pterin‐4a‐carbinolamine dehydratase 2 (PCBD2) was identified as a novel interaction partner of HNF1β. PCBD2 and its close homolog PCBD1 shuttle between the cytoplasm and nucleus to exert their enzymatic and transcriptional activities. Although both PCBD proteins share high sequence identity (48% and 88% in HNF1 recognition helix), their tissue expression patterns are unique. PCBD1 is most abundant in kidney and liver while PCBD2 is also abundant in lung, spleen, and adipose tissue. Using immunolocalization studies and biochemical analysis we show that in presence of HNF1β the nuclear localization of PCBD1 and PCBD2 increases significantly. Promoter luciferase assays demonstrate that co‐factors PCBD1 and PCBD2 differentially regulate the ability of HNF1β to activate the promoters of transcriptional targets important in renal electrolyte homeostasis. Deleting the N‐terminal sequence of PCBD2, not found in PCBD1, diminished the differential effects of the co‐factors on HNF1β activity. All together these results indicate that PCBD1 and PCBD2 can exert different effects on HNF1β‐mediated transcription. Future studies should confirm whether these unique co‐factor activities also apply to HNF1β‐target genes involved in additional processes besides ion transport in the kidney.
Dermal fibroblast phagocytosis of apoptotic cells: A novel pathway for wound resolution
Authors: Romana‐Souza Bruna , Chen Lin , Leonardo Trevor R. , Chen Zhenlong , DiPietro Luisa A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe effective clearance of apoptotic cells is an essential step in the resolution of healing wounds. In particular, blood vessel regression during wound resolution produces a significant number of apoptotic endothelial cells (ApoEC) that must be cleared. In considering the fate of ApoEC and the presence of fibroblasts during wound resolution, we hypothesized that fibroblasts might serve as phagocytes involved in endothelial cell removal. The current study investigated whether dermal fibroblasts engulf ApoEC, whether this uptake alters the phenotype of dermal fibroblasts, and the biological molecules involved. In both in vitro and in vivo studies, following ApoEC engulfment, fibroblasts acquired a pro‐healing phenotype (increased cell migration, contractility, α‐smooth muscle actin expression, and collagen deposition). In addition, fibroblast uptake of ApoEC was shown to be mediated in part by the milk fat globule‐EGF factor 8 protein/integrin αvβ5 pathway. Our study demonstrates a novel function of fibroblasts in the clearance of ApoEC and suggests that this capability has significant implications for tissue repair and fibrosis.
Molecular mechanisms of voiding dysfunction in a novel mouse model of acute urinary retention
Authors: Xie Xiang , Chen Huan , Zhang Lanlan , Chan Daniel , Hill Warren G. , Zeidel Mark L. , Yu Weiqun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAcute urinary retention (AUR) is a common urological emergency and affects a significant patient population. The inability to eliminate urine may lead to permanent damage to the bladder’s structure and functioning. However, we know little about the underlying molecular sequelae to the urine retention. To closely mirror the potential high pressures that patients with AUR could experience, we catheterized anesthetized female mice via the urethra and filled the bladder by pumping saline (25 µL/min) into the bladder lumen to 50 cm or 80 cm water pressure. A water column with designated height (50 or 80 cm) was then adjusted to maintain constant pressure in the bladder lumen for 30 minutes. Functional and morphological evaluations were performed from 0 to 24 hours after AUR treatment. Mice exhibited incontinence and overactivity with diminished voiding pressure. Significant injury was confirmed which revealed bladders with disrupted urothelial barrier, edematous lamina propria, and distorted muscle bundles. Bladder smooth muscle (BSM) from pressure‐treated mice have significantly diminished contraction force, suggesting that bladder voiding dysfunction can be attributed to impaired BSM contractility. Indeed, dysregulation of acetylcholine and purinergic signaling pathways were demonstrated, indicating that reduced efficacy of these pathways contributes to impaired BSM contractility. Finally, altered expression of β1‐integrin and extracellular matrix mediated mechanotransduction pathways were detected, suggesting a profound remodeling process. These data demonstrated an easy to perform, quantifiable, and reproducible AUR mouse model, which mimics well the characteristics of human AUR patients, and our data generate new insights into the molecular mechanisms that occur following AUR.
A mouse model of endometriosis that displays vaginal, colon, cutaneous, and bladder sensory comorbidities
Authors: Castro Joel , Maddern Jessica , Grundy Luke , Manavis Jim , Harrington Andrea M. , Schober Gudrun , Brierley Stuart M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEndometriosis is a painful inflammatory disorder affecting ~10% of women of reproductive age. Although chronic pelvic pain (CPP) remains the main symptom of endometriosis patients, adequate treatments for CPP are lacking. Animal models that recapitulate the features and symptoms experienced by women with endometriosis are essential for investigating the etiology of endometriosis, as well as developing new treatments. In this study, we used an autologous mouse model of endometriosis to examine a combination of disease features and symptoms including: a 10 week time course of endometriotic lesion development; the chronic inflammatory environment and development of neuroangiogenesis within lesions; sensory hypersensitivity and altered pain responses to vaginal, colon, bladder, and skin stimulation in conscious animals; and spontaneous animal behavior. We found significant increases in lesion size from week 6 posttransplant. Lesions displayed endometrial glands, stroma, and underwent neuroangiogenesis. Additionally, peritoneal fluid of mice with endometriosis contained known inflammatory mediators and angiogenic factors. Compared to Sham, mice with endometriosis displayed: enhanced sensitivity to pain evoked by (i) vaginal and (ii) colorectal distension, (iii) altered bladder function and increased sensitivity to cutaneous (iv) thermal and (v) mechanical stimuli. The development of endometriosis had no effect on spontaneous behavior. This study describes a comprehensive characterization of a mouse model of endometriosis, recapitulating the clinical features and symptoms experienced by women with endometriosis. Moreover, it delivers the groundwork to investigate the etiology of endometriosis and provides a platform for the development of therapeutical interventions to manage endometriosis‐associated CPP.