bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Diversity and the Abundance ofCorn Planthopper(Hemiptera: Delphacidae)inLampung Province
Authors: Hasibuan R , Fitriana Y , Ratih S , Wibowo L , Aeny T N , Susilo FX , Swibawa I G , Lumbanraja F R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The outbreak of delphacid planthoppers has been detected across corn-growing regions in South Lampung. Survey study was conducted in three corn fields in Natar District, South Lampung Regency. In each study site, five corn plants were randomly sampled. In each sampled plant, one leaf with maximum number of planthoppers was selected for population recording. Based on the morphological identification results, there were two types of corn planthoppers attacking corn fields during sampling periods: the white bellied-planthopper, Stenocranus pacivicus Kirkaldy and Peregrinus maidis Ashmead. During sampling periods, S. pacivicus was most abundant species, while, the Peregrinus planthopper was almost undetectable. There was similar trend peak of density S. pacificus brachypters & nymph and macropters among the three corn fields. The maximum number of S. pacificus brachypters & nymph 412.38 ±23.12 individuals’ leaf−1 was recorded at 70 days after planting (DAP). While the S. pacificus macropters reached the highest population number 43.81 ± 5,76 individuals leaf−1. Extended feeding activity by planthoppers caused the chlorosis and necrosis of the leaf, reduced plant vigor, and stunting, resulting hopperburn symptoms. The results of this study confirm that the explosion of delphacid planthopper sand corn hopperburn are real and become a threat for corn production in Lampung Province.
Characterization Of morfology structure flower from variation cultivars of pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.)
Authors: Ernawiati E , Pratami G D , Setyaningrum E , Ulhaq S S D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Banana is a fruit that is very popular in the community because it is easy to find and available in various types, besides is the price is very affordable, bananas also have a fairly complete nutritional value. One type of banana that is widely used by the community is pisang kepok. Pisang kepok has more diverse cultivars than other types of bananas. These cultivars have different morphological structures, one of which is the flower. Flowers have a role in the breeding of a plant. This study aims to determine the differences in the morphological structure of flowers among the pisang kepok cultivars with each other. The research was carried out in two stages. Frst, field sampling in residential area of Bandar Lampung City, Pesawaran Regency and South Lampung Regency. Second, morphological characterization based on the parameters determined conducted in the Biology Department of the FMIPA Unila Laboratory. The results obtained were cultivar of pisang kepok which had been observed to have almost the same morphological structure except in kepok batu The specific character of pisang kepok batu can be seen in the character of the color of pollen sacs, compound tepal pigmentation, free tepal color, free tepal apex shape and pistil shape.
Isolation and identification entomopathogen fungi as candidate of bioinsecticide from flies and cockroaches’ (Insect vector’s disease)
Authors: Rosa E , Ekowati C.N , Handayani T T , Widiastuti E L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Chemical insecticide has been used for many years to eradicate insects as disease vector, in which causing negative effects not only to those of target insects but also to the environment both in the short and long term. Therefore, it is necessary to determine an alternative biological control of this insect by using natural insecticide (bioinsecticide), such as using fungi as entomopathogen. As microorganism, fungi, contain of bioactive compound with their toxicity could kill the target insect from larvae to adults, called entomopathogen fungi. This entomopathogen fungi are presumably eco-friendly and able to produce toxic compound which can kill target insect such as cyclopeptida destruxin A, B, C, D and desmethyldestruxin B. Two of the fungi which known to be entomopathogenic are Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana. Yet, there should be more others, therefore it is necessary to explore and isolate any potential bio-insecticide of entomopatogen fungi for disease vectors such as from flies (Musca domestica) and cockroach (Periplaneta americana). This study found three isolated fungi from flies (L1, L2, L3). They were Geotrichum sp., Penicillium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Three isolated fungi from cockroach (K1, K2, K3) were also found, they were identified as Aspergillus sp., except for K3 Penicillium sp.
Micropropagation of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var. Rubrum) Using Several Types of Cytokinins
Authors: Karyanti  , Sukarnih T , Rudiyana Y , Hanifah N F , Sa’adah N , Dasumiati  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One of the medicinal plants that is widely cultivated is the red ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var. Rubrum). The plant contains an active compound gingerol that is used as an ingredient for various treatments such as cough and flu. To meet the demand of medicinal and industrial raw materials, quality ginger seeds are needed. One alternative to producing seeds is to use tissue culture technology. This study aimed to obtain the best type and concentration of cytokinins in increasing the multiplication of red ginger shoots in vitro. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the type of cytokinins (BAP, thidiazuron, zeatin, kinetin, and 2ip) and cytokinin concentrations (0, 0.1, and 1 ppm). The results showed that 1 ppm thidiazuron treatment produced the highest number of shoots and the highest shoot length in the first subculture. The responses in the second subculture showed that shoots from thidiazuron, 2ip, and BAP treatment media produced the highest number of shoots, roots, and leaves compared to kinetin and zeatin. Multiplication continued until the sixth subculture, and the best multiplication was found on shoots from 2ip treatment.
Growth and Estimation of Potential Carbon Absorption by Transplantation Branching Coral Reefs on Mahitam and Pahawang Islands of Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province
Authors: Widiastuti E L , Dani S K D , Tugiyono  , Yudha I G , Susanto G N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the growth and survival and carbon uptake of transplanted coral reefs in Mahitam and Pahawang Islands. Mahitam Island transplants were carried out using iron media and Pahawang Island using concrete media. Growth and survival measurements for 24 months were carried out 3 times from the start of planting. In addition, measurements of water quality were also carried out at that location. The amount of carbon in coral reefs was measured using spectrophotometry, where samples of coral reefs were dried first then mashed and dissolved using a solution of H2SO4 and K2Cr2O7 1N. The results showed that the branching coral transplanted for 24 months had an average growth of 17.21 cm on Mahitam Island and 19.97 cm on Pahawang Island. The coral survival was higher on Mahitam Island compared to Pahawang Island with a percentage of 92.14 % and 88.24 %. The organic carbon (C) content of the transplanted coral reefs on Mahitam Island was 1.11 % and on Pahawang Island was 1.01 %. In conclusion, the transplanting of branched coral reefs at Mahitam and Pahawang Islands was said to be successful with high growth and viability. As well as the transplanted coral reefs at the research location can store carbon (C).
Isolation and properties of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria from mangrove sediment, hanura lampung beach
Authors: Putri R , Sumardi  , Irawan B , Agustrina R , Tugiyono  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Mangrove forest area is an area that has good water quality. In the sediments of mangrove forests, there are many types of microbes capable of bioremediating inorganic contaminants such as ammonia and the heavy metal mercury. Isolation of bacteria was carried out using specific nitrification media to obtain ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. The sensitivity test for heavy metal mercury was carried out in the laboratory with 9 combinations of concentrations. The results of bacterial isolation from mangrove forest sediments at Hanura Beach, Lampung, obtained four isolates of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (A1, A1P, A3, and A3P). The sensitivity test for heavy metal mercury showed that the four isolates obtained were able to survive the addition of heavy metal mercury by 0.003 g / L.
Antibacterial effects of Pheretima javanica extract and bioactive chemical analysis using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrum
Authors: Budayatin  , Waluyo J , Wahyuni D , Dafik  
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Pheretima sp is an earthworm from the Oligochaeta group found mostly in Java. The characteristics has segments reaching 95-150 segments. Clitellum is located in segment 14-16. The body fluids contain protein, amino acids and various enzymes. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of bioactive compounds and evaluate antibacterial activity. The method used was maceration, antibacterial test against Salmonella typhi and GCMS analysis to identify bioactive compounds. Antibacterial test showed the inhibition zone diameter ranged from 15 to 20 mm. The identification of bioactive compounds is based on the percentage area, percentage peak height, retention time, molecular weight and pharmacological action. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 50 peaks of compounds. Bioactive compounds which are antibacterial are 1) Nitrogen oxide (N2O) (CAS) Nitrous oxide with an area 2.03%, height 7.36%, retention time 1.361, molecular weight 44.013 g/mol; 2) Acetic acid (CAS) Ethylic acid with an area 17.02%, height 29.03%, retention time 1.789, and molecular weight 60.05 g/mol; 3) Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-(CAS) Isovaleric acid with an area of 3.27%, height 2.04%, 3.456, molecular weight 102.13 g/mol; 4) 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (CAS) with an area 0.95%, height 1.32%, retention time 36.306 and molecular weight 222.24 g/mol.
Analysis of the Effect of Several Types of Shade on the Productivity of Robusta Coffee
Authors: Khusnul K , Suratno  , Asyiah N. I , Hariyadi S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Coffee is a commodity that plays an important role in economic activity and is Indonesia’s leading export which contributes to foreign exchange for the country. The coffee market opportunity is quite potential due to increased export demand and domestic consumption. But when viewed from the development of the number of coffee productivity per year has decreased every year. The decline in coffee productivity was caused by many factors, one of which was the coffee shade plant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the types of coffee shade plants so that they have an impact on the level of coffee productivity. This study used 25 farmers as respondents in Jember Regency and Banyuwangi Regency. Observations on one of the coffee plantations in the Jember area with four different types of shade. The research variables to be measured include biotic factors, abiotic factors and management and productivity of coffee. Data collection used interviews and direct observations on coffee plantations. The results of this study indicate that different types of shade plants have an effect on coffee productivity. The results of measurement of biotic and abiotic factors present in each shade mostly have different results. With different factor levels, it will affect coffee growth which will affect the number of coffee cherries produced so that each type of shade has a different amount of productivity. For one year Gliricidia sepium has an average productivity yield of 2500 kg / hectare, Carica papaya has an average productivity yield of 1000 kg / hectare, Tectona grandis has an average productivity yield of 700 kg / hectare, and Falacataria mollucana has an average productivity of 450 kg / acres. The conclusion of this study is the use of different shade plants affects coffee productivity.
Application of nano electrode Ag/AgCl on potentiometric sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) to verify caffeine
Authors: Yanto F , Royani I , Suheryanto  
Published: January 2021

AbstractCaffeine of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) has been synthesized by the cooling-heating method and to obtain sensor material to detect caffeine. The caffeine is verified through a potentiometric method based on galvanic cells involving anodes and cathodes. MIP of caffeine that has been made function as a cathode or working electrode and the modified of the Ag/AgCl reference electrode that made by reducing the AgCl membrane to nano size (44.45 nm) function as an anode. Then the modified Ag/AgCl reference electrode performance test is compared to the standard AgCl reference electrode. The result has shown the modified Ag/AgCl reference electrode produces linearity of the calibration curve in testing caffeine solutions with a concentration range of 0.1 ppm to 5.0 ppm. Based on the result of the modified Ag/AgCl reference electrode’s test range, we got the linearity coefficient value of 0.9993, with a slope of 0.9693 and an intercept of 0.1306. Generated accuracy calculation resulted in a value of 98.85% and a precision of 0.951%. The result of the lower limit of detection (LoD) was at a concentration of 0.2 ppm and the limit of quantification (LoQ) at a concentration of 0.4 ppm. Thus, it concluded that the modified Ag/AgCl reference electrode has the same or equivalent capability as a standard electrode.
Comparative study of Cladophora sp. cellulose by using FTIR and XRD
Authors: Suciyati S W , Manurung P , Sembiring S , Situmeang R 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCellulose CrystallineCladophorasp. (CCC) was successfully isolated from the freshwater algaeCladophorasp. by used the hydrolysis method. The alkaline treatment can affect the structure of CCC that is showed by the spectrum of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The typical range for lignin does not appear here, which indicates the delignification process using NaOH plus hydrolysis of HCl has succeeded in removing lignin. The spectrum associated with functional group impurity (1800-1050 cm−1) with lipid, protein, and nucleid acid content are still seen after alkaline treatment and acid hydrolysis. Analysis of crystallinity with X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data showed that CCC had the highest crystallinity index on CD-K (93.4%), Cd-P (66.6%), and Cd-S (63.04%). The smallest particle size for each cellulose is Cd-K (9.5 nm), Cd-S (25.23 nm), and Cd-P (49.57 nm). Based on these results, the CCC production fromCladophorasp. using alkaline and acid hydrolysis treatment is enough to get samples with high crystallinity. The CCC product has the potential to be an excellent reinforcing material for biomaterial-based polymer materials.
Simulation of NO2 work function-based sensor signal on ZnO
Authors: Marjunus R. , Kekalenteu D.C. , Riyanto A. , Widanarto W. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Simulation of sensor signal based on the ZnO work function for NO2 gas has been conducted. This research is aimed at approaching the experiment results of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas detection using the ZnO sensor. This study uses three reactions i.e., adsorption-desorption of O2 (oxygen), adsorption-desorption of NO2, and the reaction of O2 and NO2 on ZnO. This simulation has optimized 12 parameter values that are responsible for those reactions. After the optimized values were obtained, the final simulation was reached. The final simulation still cannot perfectly fit the experiment results because of the number of reactions which are used still three reactions. It is predicted, if it is used much more reactions, the simulation could be the same as the experiment results. Although this simulation is still not same as the experiment result, it has a trend as the experiment result. The last result of this model i.e. it can predict the coverage of O atom, O2 molecule, and NO2 molecule.
The Use of SIMCA Method and NIR Spectroscopy with Hand-Held Spectrometers Equipped with Integrating Sphere for Classification of Two Different Indonesian Specialty Coffees
Authors: Suhandy D , Yulia M , Kuroki S , Nakano K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the SIMCA method and NIR spectroscopy for the non-invasive and non-destructive classification of Indonesian specialty coffees that come from two geographical origins: Gayo coffee from Aceh 10 samples and Wamena from Papua 10 samples. All samples were roasted at the same condition (medium roasting at a temperature of 200°C for 10 minutes) and were ground using a home coffee grinder and then sieved using 50 mesh to obtain a homogenous particle size of 297 micrometers. Spectral data in the short and long near infrared range of 650–1650 nm was measured in a diffuse reflectance mode using two handheld spectrometers equipped with an integrating sphere (ISP-REF, Ocean Optics, USA). The result demonstrated that the classification was satisfied with 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
Transition Energy, Spectral Fine Structure, and Absorption Coefficient of Norbixin (9’-cis-6,6’-diapocarotene-6,6’dioic acid) in Different Polar Solvents
Authors: Rahmalia W , Naselia U A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Transition energy, spectral fine structure, and absorption coefficient of norbixin in different polar solvents has been investigated. Eight polar solvents were used for dissolving norbixin separately, including methanol, ethanol, propylene carbonate, acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and dimethyl carbonate. Spectra of norbixin in the resulting solutions were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry at atmosphere condition. The effect of solvents on transition energy was analyzed according to Onsager cavity model and Hansen theory. The approximate absorption coefficient was determined with the Beer-Lambert law. The result show that the UV-visible absorption spectra of norbixin depend onz the solvent. The greater the refraction index of the solvent and the norbixin-solvent dispersion interaction cause the transition energy of norbixin was smaller. The change in spectral fine structure has some relevance or correlation with the solvatochromic effect on π → π* transitions, the intermolecular interactions, and the S2 state of norbixin. The absorbance of norbixin in various solvents, increased linearly with concentration.
Modification of Activated Carbon from Elaeis Guineensis Jacq Shell with Magnetite (Fe3O4) Particles and Study Adsorption-Desorption on Ni(II) Ions in Solution
Authors: Zulaicha A S , Buhani  , Suharso  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Activated carbon coated with magnetite (ACA-Fe3O4) was synthesized in this study. Activated carbon was synthesized using an Elaeis Guineensis Jacq (EGJ) as a raw material followed by physical and chemical activation. Physical activation is carried out by heating at a temperature of 700°C and followed by a reaction with H3PO4 solution as chemical activation. Furthermore, the activated carbon was reacted with a mixture of FeCl3 and FeSO4 solution then followed by the addition of NaOH solution up to a pH of 10. Characterization with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) on ACA-Fe3O4 was done to confirm that magnetite has succeeded to coating on ACA. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Surface Area Method (SBET) confirmed that pore volume and average pore diameter increase with the presence of magnetite. Optimum conditions for Ni(II) ion adsorption with ACA-Fe3O4 was under conditions of 0.5 grams adsorbent, 25 mL of Ni(II) ion solution 100 ppm, and contact time of 1 hour with the acquisition of 99.11%. Adsorption process more suitable with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir adsorption isotherm pattern. Desorption of Ni(II) ion of 70.84% using HCl.
Biogasoline production by zeolite-A catalyzed co-pyrolysis of torrefied cassava root and palm oil
Authors: Simanjuntak W , Pandiangan K D , Sembiring Z , Sihombing I P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, cassava root was subjected to torrefaction pretreatment prior to catalytic pyrolysis, with the main objective to investigate the effect of torrefaction time on chemical composition of bio crude oil (BCO) distillate resulted. For this purpose, the root was torrefied at 200°C for 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The torrefied samples were then mixed with palm oil and then pyrolyzed at 450 °C in the presence of zeolite-A, prepared from rice husk silica (RHS) and food grade aluminum foil, as catalyst. A sample without torrefaction was pyrolyzed in a similar condition for comparison. The bio-crude oil (BCO) obtained was distilled at 150 °C, and the chemical composition of the distillate was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The components of the distillates produced from torrefied samples are composed of mainly C6-C13 hydrocarbons, which are considered as biogasoline, while that produced from the sample without torrefaction was found to contain ketone in addition to hydrocarbon. The experimental results also demonstrate that the chemical compositions of the BCO distillates produced from the samples torrefied at 30, 60, and 90 minutes are not significantly different, but significantly different composition was observed for the sample torrefied at 120 °C.
Isolation and Identification of Terpenoid Compound from Vetiver Grass-Root (Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf) as a Repellent against Termite (Cyrptotermes sp.) through Bioactivity Assay
Authors: Bahri S , Raharjo T T , Ambarwati Y , Nurhasanah  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study reported the isolated compound from vetiver grass-root (Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf) have bioactivity as a repellant against termites. The compounds were extracted by n-hexane solvent using the soxhletation method. The compounds were tested through bioactivity assay using wood pieces added isolated compound as a sample on the final assay, acetone as a blank, and wood pieces without treatment as a control. The result showed that the isolated compound was acquired by separation and purification in the form of colorless oil 0.0225 g. Of the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) assay using eluents of n-Hexane eluent 100%, n-Hexane : DCM 95%, and n-Hexane : Acetone 70%, were obtained a red-purple spot and Rf values which are 0.27, 0.59, and 0.91, respectively. 2-methyl butane-1-amine (C5H13N) was supposed by the structure elucidation of the isolated compound. The molecular weight was 87.1 g/mol as a precursor terpenoid based on the spectrum examination of FTIR and GC-MS. The bioactivity showed that an isolated compound has acted as a repellent against termite (Cryptotermes sp.) with % attractive (0.025 %) and attractiveness index (AI) (-0.039). A negative value of AI indicated that the compound is potential as a repellent against termites.
Utilization of zeolite H-MOR based on bagasse ash silica as a catalyst for the hydrolysis reaction of cassava peel cellulose for glucose production
Authors: Rilyanti M , Faidah U N , Suharso S , Pandiangan K D , Ilim I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Bagasse and cassava peel are waste that can be increased economic value. In this study, we have successfully synthesized zeolite H-MOR from sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) silica using the Steam-Assisted Crystallization (SAC) method at 170°C for 120 hours and determined its catalytic activity on the hydrolysis of cassava peel starch to produce glucose. H-MOR synthesized using LUDOX (commercial silica) was used as a comparison. The results showed that the MOR zeolite synthesized using SCBA and LUDOX silica had a crystallinity of 92.12% and 81.17%, respectively. The cellulose content in cassava peel flour is 57.8%. Optimization of the catalytic test variable showed that the hydrolysis of cellulose occurred at 140°C for 4 hours with a 1: 1 ratio of catalyst and substrate. The glucose concentrations obtained from cellulose hydrolysis using zeolite H-MOR catalyst from SCBA and Ludox were 398.5 ppm and 237.45 ppm with conversion degrees of 60.4% and 61.2%, respectively.