bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bulk observables at 5.02 TeV using quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics
Authors: Alqahtani Mubarak , Strickland Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe compare predictions of 3+1D quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics (aHydroQP) for a large set of bulk observables with experimental data collected in 5.02 TeV Pb–Pb collisions. We make predictions for identified hadron spectra, identified hadron average transverse momentum, charged particle multiplicity as a function of pseudorapidity, the kaon-to-pion ($$K/\pi $$

K
/
π

) and proton-to-pion ($$p/\pi $$

p
/
π

) ratios, identified particle and charged particle elliptic flow, and HBT radii. We compare to data collected by the ALICE collaboration in 5.02 TeV Pb–Pb collisions. We find that, based on available data, these bulk observables are well described by aHydroQP with an assumed initial central temperature of $$T_0=630$$

T
0

=
630

MeV at $$\tau _0 = 0.25$$

τ
0

=
0.25

fm/c and a constant specific shear viscosity of $$\eta /s=0.159$$

η
/
s
=
0.159

, which corresponds to a peak specific bulk viscosity of $$\zeta /s = 0.048$$

ζ
/
s
=
0.048

. In particular, we find that the momentum dependence of the kaon-to-pion ($$K/\pi $$

K
/
π

) and proton-to-pion ($$p/\pi $$

p
/
π

) ratios reported recently by the ALICE collaboration are extremely well described by aHydroQP in the 0–5% centrality class.
E. Schrödinger’s 1931 paper “On the Reversal of the Laws of Nature” [“Über die Umkehrung der Naturgesetze”, Sitzungsberichte der preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, physikalisch-mathematische Klasse, 8 N9 144–153]
Authors: Chetrite Raphaël , Muratore-Ginanneschi Paolo , Schwieger Kay 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe present an English translation of Erwin Schrödinger’s paper on “On the Reversal of the Laws of Nature‘’. In this paper, Schrödinger analyses the idea of time reversal of a diffusion process. Schrödinger’s paper acted as a prominent source of inspiration for the works of Bernstein on reciprocal processes and of Kolmogorov on time reversal properties of Markov processes and detailed balance. The ideas outlined by Schrödinger also inspired the development of probabilistic interpretations of quantum mechanics by Fényes, Nelson and others as well as the notion of “Euclidean Quantum Mechanics” as probabilistic analogue of quantization. In the second part of the paper, Schrödinger discusses the relation between time reversal and statistical laws of physics. We emphasize in our commentary the relevance of Schrödinger’s intuitions for contemporary developments in statistical nano-physics.
Abstract P497: Myocardial Infarct Outcome And Weight Gain In Menopause Mice Are Mitigated During Probiotic Oligofructose Treatment
Authors: Hoyer-Kimura Christina H , Solomon Alice E , Fricks Joshua P , Kathuria Brij , Leber Christian , Salcedo Victoria , Duca Frank , Konhilas John P 
Published: November 2021

The average woman spends over 40% of their life in menopause, during which estrogen’s protective roles are lost and women suffer an increased risk of developing inflammatory pathologies including obesity and worsened cardiovascular disease outcomes. Yet, safe, and effective menopause therapies are still unavailable.
The gut microbiome impacts both metabolic and circulating estrogen homeostasis. A dysbiotic (unhealthy) gut can contribute to pathologies that are also observed during menopause including increased obesity and worsened myocardial infarct (MI) outcomes. We have previously demonstrated that gut manipulation through prebiotics (Oligofructose [OFS]), attenuates myocardial infarct injury, improved glucose tolerance, and reduced weight gain in mice.
We hypothesize that loss of estrogen during menopause results in intestine morphological and microbial changes, worsens MI outcomes and increases weight gain, which can be mitigated with OFS treatment. Menopause was induced in female mice fed a high-fat-diet (HFD, 45% fat) via 4-vinylcycohexane diepoxide intraperitoneal injections (controls were injected with sesame oil), menopause (14+days diestrus) was determined by cytology. Following menopause, mice were treated for 6wks with 10% OFS supplemented into the diet (provided ad libitum; controls were fed HFD food only). Mice underwent 3day permanent ligation prior to sacrifice. We observed that menopause results in increased villi density in the duodenum and ileum, and that menopausal mice had a significant increase in both duodenum villi length and wall thickness. Menopause was associated with a shift in the gut microbiota composition. Relative abundance of Alistipes was reduced in menopausal mice, compared to premenopausal mice, and is restored with OFS treatment. Furthermore, menopausal mice had increased weight gain and infarct size compared to premenopausal mice, and OFS attenuated the differences between menopause and perimenopause weight gain over time and infarct size. Together these data demonstrate menopause is associated with intestinal morphological changes and shifts in the gut microbiome, and that in the presence of OFS infarct size and weight gain in menopausal mice are mitigated.
The Roots of Occasionalism? Causation, Metaphysical Dependence, and Soul-Body Relations in Augustine
Authors: Nawar Tamer 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It has long been thought that Augustine holds that corporeal objects cannot act upon incorporeal souls. However, precisely how and why Augustine imposes limitations upon the causal powers of corporeal objects remains obscure. In this paper, the author clarifies Augustine’s views about the causal and dependence relations between body and soul. He argues that, contrary to what is often thought, Augustine allows that corporeal objects do act upon souls and merely rules out that corporeal objects exercise a particular kind of causal power (that of efficient or sustaining causes). He clarifies how Augustine conceives of the kind of causal influence exercised by souls and bodies.
Return to Sports and Minimum 2-Year Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopy in Elite Athletes With and Without Coexisting Low Back Pain: A Propensity-Matched Comparison
Authors: Jimenez Andrew E. , Owens Jade S. , Monahan Peter F. , Maldonado David R. , Saks Benjamin R. , Sabetian Payam W. , Ankem Hari K. , Lall Ajay C. , Domb Benjamin G. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and return to sports (RTS) after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) have not been established in elite athletes with coexisting low back pain (LBP). Purpose: (1) To report minimum 2-year PROs and RTS rates after primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS in elite athletes with coexisting LBP and (2) to compare clinical results with a propensity-matched control group of elite athletes without back pain. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were reviewed for elite athletes (college and professional) who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAIS and had coexisting LBP between October 2009 and October 2018. Inclusion criteria were preoperative and minimum 2-year follow-up for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale for pain. Exclusion criteria were Tönnis grade >1, hip dysplasia (lateral center-edge angle <18°), and previous ipsilateral hip or spine surgery or conditions. Rates of achieving the minimal clinically importance difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold were recorded in addition to RTS. For the subanalysis, the elite athlete study group was propensity matched to an elite athlete control group without back pain. Results: A total of 48 elite athletes with LBP who underwent primary hip arthroscopy met inclusion criteria, and follow-up was available for 42 (87.5%) at 53.2 ± 31.6 months (mean ± SD). Elite athletes with coexisting LBP demonstrated significant improvements in all recorded PROs and achieved the MCID and PASS for the HOS-SSS at rates of 82.5% and 67.5%, respectively. They also returned to sports at a high rate (75.8%), and 79% of them did not report LBP postoperatively. PROs, rates of achieving the MCID and PASS for the HOS-SSS, and RTS rates were similar between the study group and propensity-matched control group. Conclusion: Elite athletes with coexisting LBP who undergo primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS may expect favorable PROs, rates of achieving the MCID and PASS for the HOS-SSS, and RTS rates at minimum 2-year follow-up. These results were comparable to those of a propensity-matched control group of elite athletes without back pain. In athletes with hip-spine syndrome, successful treatment of their hip pathology may help resolve their back pain.
Epicatechin ameliorative effects on methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity in mice
Authors: Azadnasab Reza , Kalantar Hadi , Khorsandi Layasadat , Kalantari Heibatullah , Khodayar Mohammad Javad 
Published: November 2021

Background Due to the fact that methotrexate is widely used both as an immunosuppressive drug and as a chemotherapy agent, many studies are needed to reduce the side effects of this drug on non-target organs. Purpose This study was designed to investigate the effects of epicatechin (Epi) on MTX (methotrexate)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Research Design After 1 week for adaptation, we randomly divided 42 male Naval Medical Research Institute mice into six groups: (I) control; (II) Epi (100 mg/kg, po); (III) MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) on the fifth day; and (IV, V, and VI) Epi (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, po) + MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) on the fifth day. At day 10, the mice were sacrificed and serum factors, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory cytokines were measured. Results MTX increased activity level of serum enzymes (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), lipid peroxidation marker (malondialdehyde), and inflammatory factors including interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and nitric oxide. Furthermore, MTX decreased glutathione level and activity level of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Epi was able to reduce the destructive effects of oxidative/antioxidant system imbalance and inflammatory reactions and also histopathological damage in MTX intoxicated mice. Epi pretreatment reduced liver dysfunction by improving the antioxidant defense system, anti-inflammatory effects, and alleviation of histopathological damage in MTX hepatotoxicity. Conclusions Accordingly, Epi can be used as a therapeutic agent in hepatotoxicity associated with MTX chemotherapy.
GM-CSF secreting leukemia cell vaccination for MDS/AML after allogeneic HSCT: a randomized, double-blinded, phase 2 trial
Authors: Ho Vincent T. , Kim Haesook T. , Brock Jennifer , Galinsky Ilene , Daley Heather , Reynolds Carol , Weber Augustine , Pozdnyakova Olga , Severgnini Mariano , Nikiforow Sarah , Cutler Corey , Koreth John , Alyea Edwin P. , Antin Joseph H. , Gooptu Mahasweta , Romee Rizwan , Shapiro Roman , Chen Yi-Bin , Rosenblatt Jacalyn , Avigan David , Hodi F. Stephen , Dranoff Glenn , Wu Catherine J. , Ritz Jerome , Soiffer Robert J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVaccination using irradiated, adenovirus transduced autologous myeloblasts to secrete granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GVAX) early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can induce potent immune responses. We conducted a randomized phase 2 trial of GVAX after HSCT for myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts or relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Myeloblasts were harvested before HSCT to generate the vaccine. Randomization to GVAX vs placebo (1:1) was stratified according to disease, transplant center, and conditioning. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis included tacrolimus and methotrexate. GVAX or placebo vaccination was started between day 30 and 45 if there was engraftment and no GVHD. Vaccines were administered subcutaneously/intradermally weekly × 3, then every 2 weeks × 3. Tacrolimus taper began after vaccine completion. A total of 123 patients were enrolled, 92 proceeded to HSCT, and 57 (GVAX, n = 30; placebo, n = 27) received at least 1 vaccination. No Common Toxicity Criteria grade 3 or worse vaccine-related adverse events were reported, but injection site reactions were more common after GVAX (10 vs 1; P = .006). With a median follow-up of 39 months (range, 9-89 months), 18-month progression-free survival, overall survival, and relapse incidence were 53% vs 55% (P = .79), 63% vs 59% (P = .86), and 30% vs 37% (P = .51) for GVAX and placebo, respectively. Nonrelapse mortality at 18 months was 17% vs 7.7% (P = .18), grade II to IV acute GVHD at 12 months was 34% vs 12% (P = .13), and chronic GVHD at 3 years was 49% vs 57% for GVAX and placebo (P = .26). Reconstitution of T, B, and natural killer cells was not decreased or enhanced by GVAX. There were no differences in serum major histocompatibility chain-related protein A/B or other immune biomarkers between GVAX and placebo. GVAX does not improve survival after HSCT for myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01773395.
The evolution of the metazoan Toll receptor family and its expression during protostome development
Authors: Orús-Alcalde Andrea , Lu Tsai-Ming , Børve Aina , Hejnol Andreas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundToll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in immunity and development. They contain leucine-rich repeat domains, one transmembrane domain, and one Toll/IL-1 receptor domain. TLRs have been classified into V-type/scc and P-type/mcc TLRs, based on differences in the leucine-rich repeat domain region. Although TLRs are widespread in animals, detailed phylogenetic studies of this gene family are lacking. Here we aim to uncover TLR evolution by conducting a survey and a phylogenetic analysis in species across Bilateria. To discriminate between their role in development and immunity we furthermore analyzed stage-specific transcriptomes of the ecdysozoansPriapulus caudatusandHypsibius exemplaris, and the spiraliansCrassostrea gigasandTerebratalia transversa.ResultsWe detected a low number of TLRs in ecdysozoan species, and multiple independent radiations within the Spiralia. V-type/scc and P-type/mcc type-receptors are present in cnidarians, protostomes and deuterostomes, and therefore they emerged early in TLR evolution, followed by a loss in xenacoelomorphs. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that TLRs cluster into three major clades: clade α is present in cnidarians, ecdysozoans, and spiralians; clade β in deuterostomes, ecdysozoans, and spiralians; and clade γ is only found in spiralians. Our stage-specific transcriptome and in situ hybridization analyses show that TLRs are expressed during development in all species analyzed, which indicates a broad role of TLRs during animal development.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a clade α TLR gene (TLR-Ca) and a clade β/γ TLR gene (TLR-Cβ/γ) were already present in the cnidarian-bilaterian common ancestor. However, althoughTLR-Cawas conserved in cnidarians,TLR-Cβ/γwas lost during the early evolution of these taxa. Moreover,TLR-Cβ/γduplicated to generateTLR-CβandTLR-Cγin the lineage to the last common protostome-deuterostome ancestor.TLR-Ca, TLR-CβandTLR-Cγfurther expanded generating the three major TLR clades. While all three clades radiated in several spiralian lineages, specific TLRs clades have been presumably lost in other lineages. Furthermore, the expression of the majority of these genes during protostome ontogeny suggests a likely role in development.
The earliest beetle with mouthparts specialized for feeding on nectar is a parasitoid of mid-Cretaceous Hymenoptera
Authors: Batelka Jan , Prokop Jakub 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
During the Mesozoic, there were many insects in several holometabolous orders (Neuroptera, Mecoptera and Diptera) with elongated mouthparts adapted for feeding on nectar. The evolutionary history of the megadiverse order Coleptera, which has a great diversity of mouthparts and feeding strategies, is well documented since early Permian with a significant peak in diversity in the Triassic. Currently, however, there is no evidence that in the Mesozoic these beetles fed on nectar despite the recorded specializations for pollination of flowering plants in several families since the mid-Cretaceous.

Results
Here we describe a new wedge-shaped beetle Melanosiagon serraticornis gen. et sp. nov. from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber attributed to Macrosiagonini (Ripiphoridae: Ripiphorinae), which has elongated galea comparable to that in the extant parasitoid genus Macrosiagon, and a well known example of adaptation for nectar feeding in Coleoptera. Furthermore, Salignacicola gen. nov. is established for Macrosiagon ebboi Perrichot, Nel et Néraudeau, 2004, based on the holotype found in mid-Cretaceous amber from France. Systematic positions of both newly established genera are discussed. A list of potential wasp and bee hosts of Ripiphorinae from the Mesozoic is provided.

Conclusions
This study presents evidence of the earliest occurrence of specialized nectar feeding mouthparts in Coleoptera. Melanosiagon serraticornis is closely related to extant Macrosiagonini. In all genera belonging to subfamily Ripiphorinae the primary larvae are adapted for parasitism on aculeate Hymenoptera (bees and wasps) and adults are associated with blossoms of flowering plants, in terms of their specialized morphology. Adults of Macrosiagon visit blossoms of flowering plants to obtain nectar and lay eggs from which the hatching larvae attack visiting wasps and bees. An association with flowers of some tropical trees is already corroborated in some extant species. Interestingly the larvae of Ripiphorinae are also found in Burmese amber. Thus, both life stages of the mid-Cretaceous Ripiphorinae indicate a close association of this lineage with flowering trees.
Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of D-leaf of seven pineapple varieties differing in N-P-K% contents
Authors: Chen Jing , Zeng Hui , Zhang Xiumei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) is the third most important tropical fruit in China. In other crops, farmers can easily judge the nutritional requirements from leaf color. However, concerning pineapple, it is difficult due to the variation in leaf color of the cultivated pineapple varieties. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms of nutrient transport, accumulation, and assimilation was targeted in this study. We explored the D-leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents, transcriptome, and metabolome of seven pineapple varieties.

Results
Significantly higher N, P, and K% contents were observed in Bali, Caine, and Golden pineapple. The transcriptome sequencing of 21 libraries resulted in the identification of 14,310 differentially expressed genes in the D-leaves of seven pineapple varieties. Genes associated with N transport and assimilation in D-leaves of pineapple was possibly regulated by nitrate and ammonium transporters, and glutamate dehydrogenases play roles in N assimilation in arginine biosynthesis pathways. Photosynthesis and photosynthesis-antenna proteins pathways were also significantly regulated between the studied genotypes. Phosphate transporters and mitochondrial phosphate transporters were differentially regulated regarding inorganic P transport. WRKY, MYB, and bHLH transcription factors were possibly regulating the phosphate transporters. The observed varying contents of K% in the D-leaves was associated to the regulation of K+ transporters and channels under the influence of Ca2+ signaling. The UPLC-MS/MS analysis detected 873 metabolites which were mainly classified as flavonoids, lipids, and phenolic acids.

Conclusions
These findings provide a detailed insight into the N, P, K% contents in pineapple D-leaf and their transcriptomic and metabolomic signatures.
Randomized trial examining the effect of exercise and wellness interventions on preventing postpartum depression and perceived stress
Authors: Lewis Beth A. , Schuver Katie , Dunsiger Shira , Samson Lauren , Frayeh Amanda L. , Terrell Carrie A. , Ciccolo Joseph T. , Fischer John , Avery Melissa D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Approximately 13–19% of postpartum women experience postpartum depression and a majority report at least some stress during the postpartum phase. Traditional interventions such as psychotherapy and antidepressant medications are often not feasible or desirable. The purpose of this study was to examine two low cost, brief, accessible interventions designed to prevent postpartum depression and perceived stress among women at high risk.

Methods
Participants (n = 450) who were on average four weeks postpartum, had a history of depression before pregnancy, and exercised less than 60 min per week were randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions: (1) 6-month telephone-based exercise intervention; (2) 6-month telephone-based wellness/support intervention (e.g., healthy eating, sleep, and perceived stress); or (3) usual care.

Results
Overall, 2.4% of participants met criteria for depression at 6 months and 3.6% at 9 months with no differences between groups. At 6 months following randomization, median symptoms of depression were significantly lower among wellness participants compared to usual care participants (b = − 1.00, SE = 0.46, p = .03). Perceived stress at 6 months post-randomization was significantly lower among exercise vs. usual care participants (b = − 2.00, SE = .98, p = .04) and exercise vs. wellness participants (b = − 2.20, SE = 1.11, p = .04).

Conclusions
The wellness intervention was efficacious for preventing symptoms of depression; however, postpartum depression that met the diagnostic criteria was surprisingly low in all conditions among this at risk sample of postpartum women. Exercise interventions may have a protective effect on perceived stress among women at risk for postpartum depression. Practitioners should consider integrating exercise and wellness interventions into postpartum care.

Trial registration
Clinical Trials Number: NCT01883479 (06/21/2013).
Exploring the association between use of gonadotropin releasing hormones agonists and prostate cancer diagnosis per se and diabetes control in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a nationwide, population-based cohort study
Authors: Lin E. , Garmo Hans , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Adolfsson Jan , Stattin Pär , Zethelius Björn , Crawley Danielle 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormones agonists (GnRH), which are first line treatment for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), increase risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to quantify the association of use of GnRH with diabetes control in PCa men with T2DM.

Methods
Nationwide population-based cohort study in the Swedish National Diabetes Register and Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden 4.1, on the association between GnRH and diabetes control in T2DM men with PCa by comparing T2DM men with PCa vs. without PCa, as well as comparing T2DM men with PCa on or not on GnRH. The primary exposure was use of GnRH. Worsening diabetes control was the primary outcome, defined as: 1) HbA1c rose to 58 mmol/mol or higher; 2) HbA1c increase by 10 mmol/mol or more; 3) Start of antidiabetic drugs or switch to insulin. We also combined all above definitions. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze the association.

Results
There were 5714 T2DM men with PCa of whom 692 were on GnRH and 28,445 PCa-free men with T2DM with similar baseline characteristics. Diabetes control was worse in men with GnRH vs. PCa-free men (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.13–1.34) as well as compared with PCa men without GnRH (HR:1.58, 95% CI: 1.39–1.80), when we defined the worsening control of diabetes by combining all definitions above.

Conclusion
Use of GnRH in T2DM men with PCa was associated with worse glycemic control. The findings highlight the need to closely monitor diabetes control in men with T2DM and PCa starting GnRH.