bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fine‐Tuning of the Sequential Self‐Assembly of Entangled Polyhedra by Exploiting the Side‐Chain Effect
Authors: Domoto Yuya , Nakabayashi Ren , Tsurumi Tasuki , Yamamoto Kidai , Hayashi Hironobu , Nakamura Yosuke , Fujita Makoto 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe control of the sequential self‐assembly processes of highly entangled (Ag3L2)n (n=2,4,6,8) and Ag21L12 coordination polyhedra using side‐chain effects was studied via the introduction of linear or branched side chains into the tripodal ligands. In addition to changes in the intermediate polyhedral species affording the multi‐ pathway process, disruption of the kinetic control of the sequential self‐assembly was observed, thus demonstrating the utility of steric control for the construction of 3D‐entangled molecular materials on the 5 nm scale with high molecular complexity.
Ni(II)‐Directed Supramolecular Metallogel: Stimuli Responsiveness and Semiconducting Device Fabrication
Authors: Singh Surajit , Chhetri Shant , Haldar Debasish 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic gels (MOGs) are a type of supramolecular complex that have become highly intriguing due to their synergistic combination of inorganic and organic elements. We report the synthesis and characterization of a Ni‐directed supramolecular gel using chiral amino acid L–DOPA (3,4‐dihydroxy phenylalanine) containing ligand, which coordinates with Ni(II) to form metal‐organic gels with exceptional properties. The functional Ni(II)‐gel was synthesized by heating nickel(II) acetate hexahydrate and the L–DOPA containing ligand in DMSO at 70 °C. The rheological tests have verified the gel with its mechanical stability, while a SEM image has shown a spherical aggregate morphology. The gel is photo‐responsive in nature and exhibits gel to sol transformation upon adsorption of toxic gases like NH3 or H2S. Notably, electrical conductivity of the gel was observed in electronic metal‐semiconductor (MS) junctions’ devices with a measured conductivity of 0.9×10−6 Sm−1. These devices also exhibited Schottky barrier diode characteristics, underscoring the multifunctional potential of the Ni(II)‐gel.
Developing and Comparing Four Families of Bayesian Network Autocorrelation Models for Binary Outcomes: Estimating Peer Effects Involving Adoption of Medical Technologies
Authors: Chen Guanqing , O'Malley A. James 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDespite the extensive use of network autocorrelation models in social network analysis, network autocorrelation models for binary dependent variables have received surprisingly scant attention. In this paper, we develop four network autocorrelation models for a binary random variable defined by whether the peer effect (also termed social influence or contagion) acts on latent continuous outcomes leading to an indirect effect under a normal or a logistic distribution or on the probability of the observed outcome itself under a probit or a logit link function defining a direct effect to account for interdependence between outcomes. For all models, we use a Bayesian approach for model estimation under a uniform prior on a transformed peer effect parameter () designed to enhance model computation and compare results to those under the uniform prior for . We use simulation to assess the performance of Bayesian point and interval estimators for each of the four models when the model that generated the data is used for estimation (precision assessment) and when each of the other three models instead generated the data (robustness assessment). We construct a United States New England region patient‐sharing hospital network and apply the four network autocorrelation models to study the adoption of robotic surgery, a new medical technology, among hospitals using a cohort of United States Medicare beneficiaries in 2016 and 2017. Finally, we develop a deviance information criterion for each of the four models to compare their fit to the observed data and use posterior predictive p‐values to assess the models' ability to recover specified features of the data. The results find that although the indirect peer effect of the propensity of peer hospital adoption on that of the focal hospital is positive under both latent response autocorrelation models, the direct peer effect of the peer hospital's probability of adopting robotic surgery on the probability of the focal hospital adopting robotic surgery decreases under both mean autocorrelation data models. However, neither of these associations is statistically significant.
Suppression of tobacco thrips with insecticides and survey of grower practices to control this pest in peanut
Authors: Pendleton Brittany , Brandenburg Rick L. , Royals Brian , Reisig Dominic , Jordan David L. , Johnson P. Dewayne , Hare Andrew , Foote Ethan , Malone Sean , Anco Dan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca Hinds) feeding can reduce peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield and vector Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (family Tospoviridae, genus Orthotospovirus). Visible injury caused by tobacco thrips feeding was recorded from 2013 to 2022 at one location in North Carolina when peanut was not treated with insecticide, when imidacloprid or phorate was applied in the seed furrow at planting, and when acephate was applied to peanut approximately 21 days after peanut emergence. A positive linear response for peanut injury caused by tobacco thrips was observed from 2013 through 2022 for non‐treated peanut and peanut treated with imidacloprid and phorate. No difference in injury caused by tobacco thrips was noted for acephate. In a survey of farmers in 2022 cropping cycle, the most popular systemic insecticide applied at planting for this pest in North Carolina and Virginia was imidacloprid. The majority of farmers in these states indicated that control of tobacco thrips was more difficult now than in previous years, and that they made routine applications of acephate to control this pest.
Realization of PVT Independent Current‐Mode CMOS Exponential Circuit
Authors: Abouelezz Mazen M. , Al‐Absi Muneer A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a CMOS current‐mode exponential circuit using CMOS technology. The design is insensitive to process, voltage, and temperature (PVT). The circuit is based on the Tylor series approximation of the exponential function and employs MOSFET operating in saturation. CADENCE Virtuoso tools are used to simulate the proposed design functionality in 0.18 µm of TSMC CMOS technology. The circuit is powered by a 1.25‐volt DC source and has normalized input range of 1. The maximum temperature error of the circuit is 0.13 dB over a range of 100°C. The circuit can be used in applications up to 1.25 MHz of applications.
Parotid Keratocystoma: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytomorphology With Ancillary Testing Results
Authors: Klijanienko Jerzy , Gauthier Arnaud , Brisse Hervé J. , Pierron Gaelle , Orbach Daniel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTKeratocystoma is a rare benign salivary gland tumor described in 1999. Only 14 cases have been reported in the histopathological literature, with three of them having had a preoperative fine needle aspiration (FNA) performed. All cytological diagnoses were not specific.We have seen a 12‐month‐old boy presenting a left parotid mass with facial nerve paralysis. FNA showed the presence of numerous mature squamous cells and some calcifications. The corresponding core needle biopsy showed identical morphologic features with no signs of malignancy. MAML2 FISH was negative, but IRF2BP2/RUNX2 fusion transcript was detected, which confirmed the diagnosis of keratocystoma.Despite its benign nature, keratocystoma should be differentiated from other salivary gland tumors such as Warthin's tumor with squamous cell metaplasia, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, primary vs. metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, and necrotizing sialometaplasia.
Postauricular Approach for Enucleation of Cervical Vagal Schwannomas
Authors: Roh Jong‐Lyel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study evaluates the outcomes of intracapsular enucleation using the retroauricular hairline incision (RAHI) approach for treating cervical vagal schwannomas.MethodsA longitudinal study was conducted on patients with cervical vagal schwannomas. Eleven patients who underwent RAHI‐based enucleation were included. Preoperative imaging was performed using contrast‐enhanced MRI. Postoperative evaluations assessed pain, neurological function, cosmetic outcomes, voice, and swallowing functions.ResultsEleven patients underwent surgery. The median tumor size was 4.6 cm. The median operation time was 42 min, with minimal bleeding. Common complications were earlobe numbness (45%) and temporary vocal cord paralysis (27%), which were resolved within a year. Cosmetic satisfaction was high, with median VAS scores of nine for scars and 10 for facial deformities. No significant dysphagia was found. No recurrences were observed over a median follow‐up of 79 months.ConclusionsIntracapsular enucleation using the RAHI approach is a safe and effective method for treating cervical vagal schwannomas.
Comparative efficacy and safety of PD‐1 versus PD‐L1 inhibitors in breast cancer treatment: A systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Xie Xintong , Chen Lingzhu , Kong Xiangyi , Huo Yujia , Huang Weiyuan , Huang Junjie , Zhang Lin , Jiang Hongnan , Gao Jidong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe comparative efficacy and safety of programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors versus programmed death protein 1 (PD‐1) inhibitors in breast cancer treatment remain inconclusive, as no head‐to‐head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy for breast cancer. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed using major databases and oncology conference proceedings. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) for advanced breast cancer and pathological complete response (PCR) rate for early breast cancer. Secondary outcomes included progression‐free survival (PFS) for advanced breast cancer and incidence of adverse events (AEs). Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, consisting of seven RCTs on early‐stage and 10 on advanced breast cancer. For advanced breast cancer, PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors modestly improved OS compared to chemotherapy, with no significant differences between PD‐1 and PD‐L1 inhibitors. PD‐L1 inhibitors showed greater improvement in PFS compared to PD‐1 inhibitors. The likelihood of AEs of any grade was higher with PD‐L1 inhibitor treatment than with PD‐1 inhibitor treatment. In early breast cancer, combining PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors with chemotherapy inducing higher PCR rates than chemotherapy alone, with PD‐1 inhibitors achieving better outcomes than PD‐L1 inhibitors. PD‐1 inhibitors were linked to slightly higher rates of grade >2 AEs compared to PD‐L1 inhibitors. The findings indicate that PD‐1 inhibitors may offer advantages for advanced breast cancer due to similar OS and a lower rate of AEs. For early breast cancer, PD‐1 inhibitors are recommended given their superior PCR rates.
Arsenic‐Induced Inflammatory Response via ROS‐Dependent Activation of ERK/NF‐kB Signaling Pathways: Protective Role of Natural Polyphenol Tannic Acid
Authors: Mishra Sehal , Botlagunta Mahendran , Rajasekaran Subbiah 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTArsenic (As), a highly toxic metalloid, is present throughout our environment as a result of both natural and human‐related activities. Furthermore, As exposure could lead to a persistent inflammatory response, which may facilitate the pathogenesis of several diseases in various organs. This study was performed to investigate the As‐induced inflammatory response and the underlying molecular mechanisms in vitro. Further, the anti‐inflammatory effects of a natural dietary polyphenol tannic acid (TA) were also explored. In human normal bronchial (BEAS‐2B), adenocarcinoma alveolar basal (A549), and murine macrophages (J774) cell lines, a trivalent form of As (as As3+) exposure markedly induced the expression of various pro‐inflammatory mediators (cytokines and chemokines). Additionally, it was found that As3+ exposure induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activation of the nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐kB) p65 and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathways in BEAS‐2B cells. As expected, the blockade of either ERK1/2 (PD98059) or NF‐kB p65 (IMD0354), or both pathways attenuated As3+‐induced pro‐inflammatory mediators release. Interestingly, pre‐treatment with ROS inhibitor N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated activation of ERK/NF‐kB pathways, suggesting that ROS have a critical role in pathway's activation and subsequent inflammatory response. Further, TA pre‐treatment effectively attenuated As3+‐induced inflammatory response by suppressing ROS production and ERK/NF‐kB signaling pathways activation. Therefore, this study provides scientific evidence for the anti‐inflammatory activities of TA and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Leaf Micromorphological Characteristics of Korean Rush and Their Taxonomic Implications Based on Microscopic Analysis
Authors: Choi Young‐Min , Choi Bokyung , Lee Changyoung , Paik Jin‐Hyub , Jang Tae‐Soo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe genus Juncus L., comprising approximately 310 species, is a perennial herbaceous plant with the highest species diversity among Juncaceae. Although external leaf morphological and anatomical characteristics were used for taxonomic delimitation of Korean Juncus taxa, the micromorphological structure of Juncus is not comprehensively described. Our main objective was to determine whether leaf micromorphological comparisons among the studied Korean Juncus taxa could provide taxonomically informative characteristics. Korean rushes possessed both unifacial and bifacial leaves, although the patterns of cell outlines on the abaxial surfaces of cataphyll and cauline leaves and stems were similar. Leaf and stem epidermal cells were irregularly arranged and exhibited rectangular, rhomboidal, and polygonal shapes. Striations on epidermal cells are common in almost all species of the genus Juncus; however, scaly epicuticular wax is found only in J. setchuensis. The stomatal complexes of the studied Korean Juncus taxa were uniformly paracytic (stomata surrounded by two subsidiary cells), regardless of their occurrence in cataphyll and cauline leaves or on the stem surface. Guard cell length could be important taxonomic characters in Korean Juncus taxa, in accordance with traditional taxonomy, which distinguishes the two subgenera based on morphological characters. Differences in guard cell length and stomatal density were also influenced by external environmental factors but were not clearly correlated with variations in ploidy levels.
Ventricular Discordance as an MRI Phenotype Provides Prognostic Value Among Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Xiang Jin‐Yi , Zhao Yun , Xie Wei‐Hui , An Dong‐Aolei , Chen Bing‐Hua , Wu Rui , Wu Chong‐Wen , Shi Ruo‐Yang , Zhou Yan , Zhao Lei , Lu Min‐Jie , Wu Lian‐Ming 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIn arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), left ventricle‐dominant presentation has poorer outcomes than right‐dominant presentation, suggesting that interventricular functional disparity might play a role in patients' prognosis. However, the prognostic impact of ventricular functional discordance in ACM patients remains unknown.PurposeTo assess whether ventricular functional disparity measured as ventricular discordance index, defined as the ratio of right‐ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) to left‐ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), might reveal prognostic disparities between phenotypes and offer added risk stratification value.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsA total of 222 patients with ACM (mean age 44 ± 16 years, 144 males) from three centers were included.Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, cine imaging.AssessmentVentricular discordance index was calculated using cine‐derived RVEF and LVEF, for which a threshold was determined using Youden J index. Clinically ventricular discordance was defined as ventricular discordance index above the threshold. The major adverse cardiac events (MACE), was defined as sudden cardiac death, appropriate implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator intervention, and aborted cardiac arrest. International task diagnostic force criteria and the 5‐year risk score were evaluated.Statistical TestsThe prognostic implications of ventricular discordance index and clinically ventricular discordance were evaluated using multivariable Cox analysis. P < 0.05 indicated the statistical significance.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 50 months, 81 (37%) patients experienced MACE. The ventricular discordance index was independently associated with MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–1.82). Patients classified under clinically ventricular discordance experienced higher MACE rates and were less likely to meet the task force structural criteria. clinically ventricular discordance was independently associated with MACE (adjusted HR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.36–3.55). Clinically ventricular discordance, LV involvement and the 5‐year risk score in combined reclassified 20.3% of patients compared to 2015 task force classification.Data ConclusionVentricular discordance was associated with MACE in ACM, potentially providing prognostic value beyond the 5‐year risk score.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy5
Simple GCM Simulations of Rainfall Over Northeast Brazil, Part 1: Systematic Effect of Canonical Sea Surface Temperature Patterns
Authors: Hounsou‐Gbo Aubains , Hall Nicholas M. J. , Cardoso Leticia , das Chagas Vasconcelos Junior Francisco , Martins Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe response of February to April (FMA) Northeast Brazil precipitation to tropical sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) patterns is analysed by making ensemble seasonal forecasts with a simple GCM. The physical and dynamical link between the SSTAs and regional precipitation is examined for a set of tropical Pacific and Atlantic SSTAs, both separately and in combination. Five canonical SSTA patterns are considered: El Niño (strong eastern Pacific and moderate central Pacific); La Niña and the tropical North and South Atlantic. The model's anomaly responses to persisted SSTAs correspond quite well to observed precipitation regressions against SSTA timeseries: dry for El Niño and warm North Atlantic, wet for La Niña and warm South Atlantic. Experiments with reversed SSTAs show that model nonlinearity has a drying effect over northeastern South America. Combined tropical Atlantic SSTA patterns result in wet conditions over northern Northeast Brazil for a warm Atlantic or a negative dipole, and dry conditions for the contrary, so the South Atlantic has a greater impact than the North Atlantic. Combining SSTA patterns in the Pacific and Atlantic gives results that are similar to the sum of individual effects, with the stronger Pacific SSTAs exerting more influence despite the model's sensitivity to Atlantic conditions. Dry dynamical experiments with fixed basic states and heating perturbations confirm that interactive moist thermodynamics is crucial for accurately representing continental rainfall responses, even over short timescales. These results are generally promising for applications in operational seasonal forecasting, and this is reported in the companion paper, part 2.
Serum Exosome SERS Assay Based on TiN‐Ag@Ag Sol Composite Substrate and Its Application in the Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Huan , Wu Zhengang , Wei Yingna , Chen Ying , An Xiao jie , Li Jingwu , Wang Zhiwu , Liu Yankun , Wei Hengyong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGastric cancer (GC) is a highly lethal malignancy, seriously threatening people's physical health. Accurate screening of gastric cancer could improve the survival rate of patients. Therefore, exploring noninvasive and efficient cancer screening methods for gastric cancer is of great significance. In the past few years, exosomes have received much attention for their potential in disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, the aim of this study was to explore the detection of serum exosomes via surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique based on TiN‐Ag@Ag sol composite substrate, and its potential application in gastric cancer diagnosis is evaluated. Exosomes were extracted from the serum of 31 GC patients and 31 healthy controls (HC) using an exosome kit. This study used various machine learning algorithms such as principal component analysis linear discriminant analysis (PCA‐LDA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA), support vector machine (SVM), and k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm to analyze SERS spectra, in order to distinguish between HC and GC. The results show that the k‐nearest neighbor algorithm performs the best in HC and GC classification. These results indicate that the combination of SERS and machine learning methods provides a new technological approach for gastric cancer screening. This study offers a new proposal for the universal applicability of analysis and identification with SERS of serum exosomes samples in clinical diagnosis.
Long‐Term Outcomes of Acute Temporal Bone Fractures
Authors: Stanisce Luke , Chryssofos Sophia , Modi Reshma , Raizada Shivani , Watanabe Hiroto , Hunter Krystal , Godil Saniya S. , Solomon Donald H. 
Published: December 2024

Objective(s)To compare the incidence of acute and chronic complications of temporal bone fractures, and identify predictors for post‐injury, audiometrically confirmed hearing loss.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis of patients with acute temporal bone fractures who underwent both in‐hospital and outpatient follow‐up Otolaryngology evaluation at an academic, tertiary‐care institution from January 2002 to January 2023. Otologic outcomes were compared between initial and follow‐up evaluations. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of audiometric hearing loss.Results577 subjects with acute injuries were reviewed; 220 met inclusion criteria. Compared with initial evaluation, the incidence of hemotympanum (57% vs. 5%, p < 0.001), external auditory canal injury (18% vs. 8%, p = 0.01), facial nerve weakness (7% vs. 4%, p = 0.016), and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea (6% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) significantly decreased at follow‐up. There were no differences in rates of subjective hearing loss, tympanic membrane injury, or ossicular disruption. Formal audiograms were performed in 82 subjects. 47 (57%) demonstrated hearing loss, almost half of which were pure sensorineural. Multivariate regression identified age (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.03, p = 0.036), intracranial bleeding (OR: 7.49, p = 0.004), and lateral dural venous sinus thrombosis (OR: 10.5, p = 0.039) as predictors for audiometric loss.ConclusionsTemporal bone fractures are complex injuries often associated with numerous intra‐temporal and extra‐temporal complications. Various otological sequelae persist upon hospital discharge. Yielding insight about the natural history of such injuries, these results aid in patient counseling, identifying subjects at risk for long‐term problems, and necessitating follow‐up.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 2024