bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health first aid USA implementation: Trainee reported quality and impact of training
Authors: Troxel Mary , Anthony Laura G. , Robertson Hillary A. , Anthony Bruno J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the association of training implementation factors (Quality, Impact, Usefulness) with Mental Health First Aid (MHFA)‐targeted outcomes (e.g., increased knowledge, confidence helping someone). Trainees who completed MHFA USA training in 2016 (N = 1003) were surveyed post training about its influence on their thoughts and behaviors, and about implementation factors. Some trainees completed 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups (N = 430,N = 276, respectively). Training Quality, Impact and Usefulness were rated highly. Differences in Quality and Impact across demographic groups were found; trainees from racially and ethnically marginalized backgrounds, and trainees with lower education levels, reported greater effect. Quality and Impact predicted positive changes in MHFA‐targeted constructs such as self‐efficacy, stigma and trainee perceived positive effect of MHFA strategies for those in crisis. Impact predicted positive change in mental health knowledge; this association strengthened over time. Results provide information about acceptability and perceived Impact of MHFA USA training and lead to recommendations for future evaluation and implementation.
Tumor‐derived exosomal PD‐L1 in progression of cancer and immunotherapy
Authors: Rasihashemi Seyed Z. , Rezazadeh Gavgani Erfan , Majidazar Reza , Seraji Parya , Oladghaffari Mobina , Kazemi Tohid , Lotfinejad Parisa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCancer is a gravely important health issue all over the world and has been spreading fast. In recent years immune checkpoint treatment options have been used extensively as a primary line of treatment for different cancer types. PD‐1 and its ligand, PD‐L1, are members of the immune‐checkpoints superfamily. Anti‐PD‐L1 and anti‐PD‐1 antibodies have shown efficacy against different cancer types, but fewer than 30% of patients have shown robust therapeutic responses and, therefore, it is hypothesized that exosomal PD‐L1 is the mechanism to blame for failure in primary immune checkpoint therapy. The identical membrane topology of exosomal PD‐L1 with tumor cell membrane‐type provides the possibility to mimic immunosuppressive effects of tumor cell membrane PD‐L1. In this review, it is discussed whether exosomal PD‐L1 binds to antibodies and hence resistance to immunotherapy will be developed, and targeting exosome biogenesis inhibition can provide a new strategy to overcome tumor resistance to anti‐PD‐L1 therapy. Diagnostic and prognostic values of exosomal PD‐L1 in different cancer types are discussed. Multiple clinical studies conclude that the level of tumor‐derived exosomes (TEXs) as a biomarker for diagnosis could distinguish cancer patients from healthy controls. Elevated exosomal PD‐L1 levels may be predictive of advanced disease stages, cancer metastasis, lower response to anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy, lower overall survival rates, and poor tumor prognosis. These novel findings of TEXs serve as promising therapeutic targets for early diagnosis and prevention of cancer progression.
Evaluating the impact of interprofessional forums on dental medicine students’ collaborative practice skill perception
Authors: Gambacorta Joseph E. , Kruger Jessica S. , Kruger Daniel J. , Antonson Donald E. , Ohtake Patricia J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study evaluates third‐year dental medicine students' perceived competencies related to interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) after completing two exposure level experiences with students from other professions across a large academic health center.MethodsTwo cohorts of D3 dental medicine students (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) completed the Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies Attainment Survey (ICCAS) after participating in in‐person 2.5‐h Interprofessional (IP) Forums in the Fall and Spring semesters. Self‐reported competencies were compared between pre‐and post‐IP Forum ratings and between Fall and Spring.ResultsPrior to the IP Forums, dental medicine students (n = 185) reported perceived skill in the interprofessional competencies to be from Good to Very Good using the ICCAS. After participation in the Fall IP Forum, students’ ICCAS scores increased in all ICCAS subscales with large effect sizes. Students reported a perceived decline in these skills in the four months between Fall and Spring IP Forums and restoration of IP skill levels after participating in a second IP Forum (Spring).ConclusionsParticipation in IP Forums has a positive impact on students' IPCP skill perception. Our data suggest that perceived skill level requires repeated IP learning experiences. If dental medicine students are expected to embrace collaborative practice to enhance patient outcomes, then dental school educators must provide opportunities for students to engage in collaborative practice experiences at all levels of their training.
Children with sickle cell disease and severe COVID‐19 presenting single nucleotide polymorphisms in innate immune response genes – A case report
Authors: Pessoa Natália Lima , Diniz Lilian Martins Oliveira , Andrade Adriana de Souza , Kroon Erna Geessien , Bentes Aline Almeida , Campos Marco Antônio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHere we report three clinical cases of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and severe COVID‐19 who evolved with complications during hospitalization or after discharge. They present single nucleotide polymorphisms in tlr‐7 and tirap genes, identified from 37 patients under 16 years old hospitalized from September 2020 to May 2021 in the Hospital João Paulo II, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. They presented significant complications of SCD as acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration, and pain crisis during hospitalization or up to 2 months after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. They all required transfusion of concentrated red blood cells and hospitalization in a reference hospital to care for children with SCD.
Degradation of red blood cell deformability during cold storage in blood bags
Authors: Islamzada Emel , Matthews Kerryn , Lamoureux Erik S. , Duffy Simon P. , Scott Mark D. , Ma Hongshen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRed blood cells (RBCs) stored in blood bags develop a storage lesion that include structural, metabolic, and morphologic transformations resulting in a progressive loss of RBC deformability. The speed of RBC deformability loss is donor‐dependent, which if properly characterized, could be used as a biomarker to select high‐quality RBC units for sensitive recipients or to provide customized storage timelines depending on the donor. We used the microfluidic ratchet device to measure the deformability of red blood cells stored in blood bags every 14 days over a span of 56 days. We observed that storage in blood bags generally prevented RBC deformability loss over the current standard 42‐day storage window. However, between 42 and 56 days, the deformability loss profile varied dramatically between donors. In particular, we observed accelerated RBC deformability loss for a majority of male donors, but for none of the female donors. Together, our results suggest that RBC deformability loss could be used to screen for donors who can provide stable RBCs for sensitive transfusion recipients or to identify donors capable of providing RBCs that could be stored for longer than the current 42‐day expiration window.
Endoscopic papillectomy for tumors of the minor duodenal papilla: A case series of six patients and literature review
Authors: Yamamoto Kenjiro , Itoi Takao , Iwasaki Eisuke , Tsuchiya Takayoshi , Ishii Kentaro , Tonozuka Ryosuke , Mukai Shuntaro , Nagai Kazumasa , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground/PurposeVarious tumors of the minor duodenal papilla have been reported, most of which are treated by laparotomy. Although early‐stage tumors of the major papilla are increasingly being treated by endoscopic resection with relative ease and low invasiveness, there are only a few reports on endoscopic resection of tumors in the minor papilla.MethodsSix patients with tumors in the minor papilla were treated by endoscopic papillectomy (EP), and their clinical and histopathological data were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe final pathological diagnoses were carcinoma in adenoma in two patients and adenoma, neuroendocrine neoplasm (G1), hyperplastic lesion, and no neoplastic lesion (disappearance of adenoma after biopsy) in one patient each. En bloc resection was performed in five patients and piecemeal resection in one patient. There were no procedure‐related adverse events, such as bleeding, pancreatitis, or perforation. There was one case with a residual lesion, which was treated by ablation therapy, and no recurrences during a mean follow‐up of 12 ± 10.33 months (maximum, 28 months) from the date of EP.ConclusionsEndoscopic papillectomy appears to be an effective minimally invasive treatment for ampullary tumors of the minor duodenal papilla.
Short‐course daily isoniazid and rifapentine for latent tuberculosis infection in people living with HIV who received coformulated bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide
Authors: Liou Bo‐Huang , Cheng Chih‐Ning , Lin Ya‐Ting , Lin Yu‐Jou , Chuang Yu‐Chung , Lin Kuan‐Yin , Liu Wen‐Chun , Lin Shu‐Wen , Kuo Ching‐Hua , Sun Hsin‐Yun , Hung Chien‐Ching 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionShort‐course preventive therapy with 1‐month course of daily administration of isoniazid (300‐mg) plus rifapentine (600‐mg) (1HP) and 3‐month course of weekly administration of isoniazid (900‐mg) plus rifapentine (900‐mg) (3HP) has higher completion rates than 9‐month course of daily isoniazid (9H) for individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We aimed to evaluate the effect, safety and tolerability of 1HP in people living with HIV (PLWH) and LTBI who received coformulated bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF).MethodsPLWH testing positive by interferon‐gamma release assay and having received BIC/FTC/TAF for >2 weeks with plasma HIV RNA load (PVL) <200 copies/ml were enrolled. BIC trough plasma concentrations and cytokine profiles were determined before the first dose (day 1/baseline), 24 h after the 14th (day 15) and 28th (day 29) doses of 1HP. PVL were determined on days 15 and 29 of 1HP and every 3 months subsequently after discontinuation of 1HP.ResultsFrom November 2019 to December 2020, 48 PLWH with LTBI were enrolled. One participant (2.1%) discontinued 1HP on day 15 due to fever and generalized rashes with PVL of 72 copies/ml, which was <50 copies/ml in three subsequent determinations while on BIC/FTC/TAF over the 12 months of follow‐up. The percentages of BIC trough plasma concentrations above the protein‐adjusted 95% effective concentration (paEC95 = 162 ng/ml) were 56.3% and 37.0% on days 15 and 29, respectively. The percentage of PVL <200 copies/ml was 91.7% on day 15, 97.8% on day 29 and 100% at both months 3 and 6. After a median observation of 52 weeks (interquartile range, 51–55), all participants continued BIC/FTC/TAF with a median PVL of 20 copies/ml (range 20–331). Except for the participant who discontinued 1HP because of allergic reactions, none of the participants had relevant symptoms or increases of the cytokine levels assessed between baseline and days 15 and 29 of 1HP.ConclusionsBIC/FTC/TAF in combination with 1HP was well tolerated with a high completion rate. BIC trough plasma concentrations were significantly decreased with concurrent use of 1HP among PLWH with LTBI. While transient viral blips were observed during 1HP without causing subsequent treatment failure, such combination should be applied with caution.
Do agricultural support and cash transfer programmes improve nutritional status?
Authors: Gitter Seth R. , Manley James , Bernstein Jill , Winters Paul 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAgricultural support and cash transfer programmes are both used to improve nutrition outcomes in developing countries. Our review of both programmes based on a literature search of over 22 000 articles in 8 databases has four key findings. First, these programmes often increase total food consumption, but half of agricultural programmes do not measure changes in total food consumption; (2) over 20% of cash transfer programmes fail to improve the quantity of food consumed, though (3) both programme types improved the quality of food consumption. Finally, (4) both programme types show weak evidence of improvements in micronutrients and anthropometric outcomes.
Intestinal viral infections of nSARS‐CoV2 in the Indian community: Risk of virus spread in India
Authors: Maan Harjeet S. , Chaurasia Deepti , Kapoor Garima , Dave Lokendra , Siddiqui Arshi , Pal Savita , Singh Hari O. , Biswas Debasis , Chowdhary Rashmi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn December 2019, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (nSARS‐CoV‐2) virus outbreaks emerged from Wuhan, China, and spread all over the world, including India. Molecular diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID) 19 for densely and highly populated countries like India is time‐consuming. A few reports have described the successful diagnosis of nSARS‐CoV‐2 virus from sewage and wastewater samples contaminated with fecal matter, suggesting the diagnosis of COVID 19 from the same to raise an alarm about the community transmission of virus for implementation of evacuation and lockdown strategies. So far, the association between the detection of virus and its concentration in stool samples with severity of the disease and the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms have been rarely reported. We led the search utilizing multiple databases, specifically PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Google Scholar. We conducted a literature survey on gastrointestinal infection and the spread of this virus through fecal–oral transmission. Reports suggested that the existence and persistence of nSARS‐CoV‐2 in anal/rectal swabs and stool specimens for a longer period of time than in nasopharyngeal swabs provides a strong tenable outcome of gastrointestinal contamination and dissemination of this infection via potential fecal–oral transmission. This review may be helpful to conduct further studies to address the enteric involvement and excretion of nSARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in feces and control the community spread in both COVID‐19 patients ahead of the onset of symptoms and in asymptomatic individuals through wastewater and sewage surveillance as an early indication of infection. The existence of the viral genome and active viral particle actively participate in genomic variations. Hence, we comprehended the enteric spread of different viruses amongst communities with special reference to nSARS‐CoV‐2.
Cations and surfactin serving as signal molecules trigger quorum sensing in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Authors: Liu Na , Chen Bing , Zhao Xiuyun , Wen Jiahong , Qi Gaofu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMicroorganisms including Bacillus can produce signal molecules such as surfactin, resulting in the variation of membrane potential to trigger quorum sensing such as biofilm formation and sporulation in response to the environment stresses. However, biosynthesis of surfactin requires multiple resources such as huge enzyme complex, amino acids, fatty acids, and energy. Insufficient resources in the natural soil environment restrain biosynthesis of surfactin. When surfactin is inadequate, cations in soil might serve as substitutes to regulate quorum sensing. Our results showed that both surfactin and cations could lead to the variation of membrane potential, thus providing signals to trigger the quorum sensing such as growth, biofilm formation, and sporulation in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Neither KinC nor Abh was essential for surfactin or cations to trigger quorum sensing. The cation signaling pathway is only partially dependent on Spo0A, but the surfactin signaling pathway is fully dependent on this global regulator. Compared to surfactin, cations are less effective in promoting biofilm formation, but more effective to trigger sporulation in B. amyloliquefaciens. This study reveals a pathway through which cations regulate the quorum sensing in B. amyloliquefaciens in the case of insufficient surfactin in environment.
Complementary and antagonistic effects of combined glucagon‐like peptide‐2 and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist administration on parameters relevant to short bowel syndrome
Authors: Srikrishnaraj Arjuna , Jeong Hyerin , Brubaker Patricia L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundShort bowel syndrome (SBS) is characterized by malabsorption requiring parenteral nutrition. The intestinotrophic glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐2 receptor agonist, h[Gly2]GLP2, is used to treat patients with SBS. Evidence suggests that GLP‐1 receptor agonists such as exendin‐4 (Ex4) may be beneficial in SBS given their ability to increase intestinal growth and delay gastric emptying (GE).MethodsIntestinal growth, body weight (BW), food intake (FI), GE, gastrointestinal (GI) transit, intestinal permeability, and glucose tolerance were investigated in male and female C57/BL6 mice following vehicle, h[Gly2]GLP2, or Ex4 treatment, alone or in combination at “low,” “medium,” and “high” doses (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 μg/g, respectively).ResultsOnly the h[Gly2]GLP2 low/Ex4 high‐dose combination additively increased small intestinal (SI) weight compared with vehicle and both monoagonists (P < 0.01–0.001), via increased villus height (P < 0.01) and SI length (P < 0.05). This combination had no effects on BW; FI; and fat, liver, spleen, heart, and kidney weights but reduced GI transit (P < 0.001) versus low‐dose h[Gly2]GLP2 monotreatment and abrogated the inhibitory effects of high‐dose Ex4 on GE (P < 0.01) and of low‐dose h[Gly2]GLP2 on intestinal permeability (P < 0.05). Ex4‐induced improvements in glucose homeostasis were maintained upon combination with h[Gly2]GLP2 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that combining specific doses of GLP‐2‐ and GLP‐1 receptor agonists additively improves SI growth and GI transit without detrimental effects on BW, FI, GE, and glucose homeostasis, and may be useful for the treatment of patients with SBS.
Study on semantic‐entity relevance of industrial icons and generation of metaphor design
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Yan Han , Jiaran Niu , Gu Zhifeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry is accompanied by the visualization of industrial information, and the semantic expression of industrial icons plays a crucial role in improving operators' cognitive performance. Taking the production process of a battery production line as the research object, we studied the semantics‐entity relevance of industrial icons based on the concepts of “signifier” and “signified” in metaphorical cognition as well as “topic” and “vehicle.” On this basis, we designed the icons of eight process stations (precleaning, diffusion, coating, screen printing, power testing, etc.) of the battery production line using the metaphor design method. The experimental results show that the icons complying with the law of semantic cognition have high search efficiency. It is concluded that the industrial icons should be designed according to the relevance between functional semantics and entity specific to each production process and that applying such carefully designed industrial icons to industrial information visualization will effectively improve the cognitive performance of operators.
Body size‐ and season‐dependent diel vertical migration of mesozooplankton resolved acoustically in the San Diego Trough
Authors: Gastauer Sven , Nickels Catherine F. , Ohman Mark D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDiel vertical migration (DVM) is a common behavior among marine organisms to balance the trade‐off between surface feeding opportunities and predation‐related mortality risk. Body size is a master trait that impacts predation risk to both visual and nonvisual predators. Acoustic measurements from the autonomous Zooglider revealed size‐dependent DVM behaviors in the San Diego Trough. Dual frequency (200 and 1000 kHz) backscatter, in conjunction with physical properties of the ambient water and optical imaging of zooplankton, were recorded during 12 Zooglider missions over 2 yr. Acoustic size‐categories were identified based on the theoretical scattering properties of dominant taxonomic groups identified optically by the Zoocam. Acoustic modeling suggests that the measured acoustic backscatter in this region is largely dominated by copepods, with appreciable contributions from other taxa. We found that larger organisms migrated deeper (245–227 m) and faster (> 20 m h−1) compared to smaller organisms (156 m, > 15 m h−1). Larger organisms entered the upper layer of the water column later in the evening (0.2–1.5 h later) and descended into deeper water earlier in the morning (0.4–3.7 h earlier) than smaller‐bodied organisms, consistent with body size‐dependent visual predation risk. The variability in daytime depths occupied by small, intermediate, and large‐bodied backscatterers was related to the depth of the euphotic zone, again consistent with light‐dependent risk of predation.
Mitigating the negative effects of service failure through customer identification
Authors: Song Jiaqi (Flora) , Huang Jiexian (Chloe) , Jiang Yuwei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of numerical customer identification (i.e., assigning numbers to identify customers) in the service context on the numbered customers' reaction to service failures. We manipulated numerical identification in different ways (room number, customer number, table number, and order number) and measured customers' tolerance of services across various settings (in a restaurant, a spa, and a café) in four studies. The results demonstrated that after being identified by a number, customers tend to exhibit a higher tolerance of service failures (Studies 1 and 2), and this effect is mediated by a sense of self‐dehumanization among the numerically identified customers (Study 3). Moreover, the investigated effect diminished when customers had heightened individuation (e.g., by disclosing personal information) to buffer against dehumanization (Study 4). Our findings contribute to the underexplored research area on customer identification, broaden the numerical research and dehumanization literature in marketing, and bring practical implications for firms to mitigate the negative effects of service failures and decrease customer dissatisfaction.