bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of a Slewing Motor-Beam System With Coulomb Friction
Authors: Crassidis Agamemnon L. , Mayne Roger W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a sliding mode controller is studied in the experimental control of a flexible undamped beam actuated by a DC motor and including Coulomb friction. A model of the system is described which includes a finite element representation for the beam and a representation for Coulomb friction. The model has been used in the study of closed-loop transient response of the slewing system and predicts the critical factors observed in slewing behavior. Development of the sliding mode controller is based on the nonlinear model of the system. The performance and characteristics of the controller are summarized in a simulation study. The sliding mode controller is particularly effective at eliminating the negative effects of shaft lock-up which tends to result from Coulomb friction and counteracts these nonlinear effects in the presence of modeling uncertainties. The system model includes the interaction that occurs between the DC motor and the slewing beam and a gear train that influences the motor-beam interaction. The effect of motor-beam dynamic interaction is studied for the nonlinear slewing system under sliding mode control. It is found that the motor-beam interaction continues to be an important factor in the closed-loop performance. The paper concludes with a summary of experimental results for the nonlinear control of the motor-beam system.
Bode Integral Constraints and the Zero Spillover Controller in Active Noise and Vibration Control
Authors: Hong Jeongho , Bernstein Dennis S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the success of feedforward techniques, feedback control researchers have begun to explore the relationship between these two control paradigms. The goal of the present paper is to further investigate the relationship between feedforward and feedback control techniques by means of the classical Bode integral constraint on achievable performance. These results provide insight into the phenomenon of spillover which has been widely discussed in the vibration control literature. Specifically, it is shown that a particular feedforward controller called the zero spillover controller avoids spillover by producing perfect disturbance cancellation at every frequency. For readability, we derive the approximate zero spillover controller which is shown to be an optimal feedback controller for an LQG problem with suitable cross weights. Finally, the results are illustrated by means of analytical and numerical examples.
Integrated Optimum Design of Structure and Control System by Modal Analysis
Authors: Kajiwara I. , Tsujioka K. , Nagamatsu A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An approach for integrated optimum design of structure and control system is presented based on modal analysis. This approach consists of two process, namely the process by sensitivity analysis using optimal regulator theory and the process by the complex method in which a control system is composed of a small-order output feedback. In both processes, the design variables of the structural and the control parameters are optimized simultaneously in order to minimize the response due to disturbances of both white noise and colored noise. The integrated optimum design is performed by minimizing the objective function with respect to the response under the constraints of the control cost and the stability of the closed-loop system corresponding to high order natural modes. The validity and the usefulness of the present approach are verified by a vibration control experiment with a steel plate.
Stabilizing and Positioning Control of Inverted Flexible Pendulum by Means of H∞ Servo Control With Partial-State Feedback
Authors: Nishimura Hidekazu , Ohnuki Osamu , Nonami Kenzo , Totani Takayoshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study we formulate H∞ servo compensator where displacement signals are used as the controlled variables and their time derivatives are used as partial-state feedback signals for stabilizing and positioning control of a cart and inverted flexible pendulum system. The feedback loop of the part of the state variables except the controlled variables is added to the feedback loop of the controlled variables in the design of the H∞ compensator. Through this formulation the order of the designed compensator is reduced by the order of the weighting functions for the time derivative signals. By numerical calculations and experiments, we investigate the settling characteristics and the robust stability against a disturbance to the pendulum with two kinds of controllers, the output feedback controller by the displacement feedback and the output feedback controller adding the cart velocity feedback. It is shown that although the displacement-output feedback controller has a big overshoot in the step response and the positioning of the cart is difficult, by means of the partial-state feedback controller with a cart velocity feedback the overshoot can be reduced and stable positioning control of the cart is possible. Also it is verified that the servo compensator is superior to the regulator-based compensator in the settling characteristics.
An ER Long-Stroke Damper: Performance Modelling Under Quasi-Steady Conditions
Authors: Peel David J. , Stanway Roger , Sproston John L. , Bullough William A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A hydraulic piston/cylinder arrangement is connected to an externally located ER valve to provide a controllable vibration damper. This arrangement is analysed and a technique developed to predict the force/velocity characteristics under quasi-steady conditions. The basis of the technique is a generalised non-dimensional presentation of fluid-alone data. In the work described here fluid inertia, compressibility and temperature effects are not included. This limits the application of the results to cases where the excitation frequency is low whilst allowing a clear portrayal of the potential controllability of a long-stroke damping device.
Direct and Inverse Wave Propagation in the Frequency Domain via the Weyl Operator Symbol Calculus
Authors: Fishman Louis 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wave field splitting, invariant imbedding, and phase space methods reformulate the Helmholtz wave propagation problem in terms of an operator scattering matrix characteristic of the modeled environment. The equations for the reflection and transmission operators are first-order in range, nonlinear (Riccati-like), and, in general, nonlocal. The singularity structure of the corresponding Weyl operator symbols plays a crucial role in the development of both direct and inverse wave propagation algorithms.
Least Squares Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity From Field Data
Authors: Bailey K. R. , Fitzpatrick B. G. , Jeffris M. A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present some numerical results of the determination of flow parameters in a groundwater model. The data used in this parameter estimation is from the MADE experiments conducted on Columbus Air Force Base. Our results are based on least squares cost functional with a finite difference scheme used to solve the flow equation.
Nonsmooth Optimization Method for Image Restoration
Authors: Ito Kazufumi , Kunisch Karl 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper we discuss applications of the numerical optimization methods for nonsmooth optimization, developed in [IK1] for the variational formulation of image restoration problems involving bounded variation type energy criterion. The Uzawa’s algorithm, first order augmented Lagrangian methods and Newton-like update using the active set strategy are described.
Identification of the Polyharmonic Vibration From Combination With a Normal Random Noise by the Use of High-Order Moments of Instantaneous-Value Distribution
Authors: Steinwolf Alexander 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Polyharmonic oscillation with multiple frequencies is inherent in many applied problems. However, it rarely exists in the pure form and is often accompanied by a random vibration. Separation of the periodic signal from the actual record measured is usually restricted to determining the harmonic amplitudes only. The paper presents a method for complete identification of polyharmonic process including the phase angles that were unattainable when its period is unknown a priori. The approach is based on the fact that the presence of a periodic component transforms the instantaneous-value probability distribution of the combined signal to the non-Gaussian form. The solution obtained is compared with the results of time domain averaging.
Laser Vibrometry: The Effect of Speckle Size on Doppler Signal Phase and Amplitude Modulation
Authors: Denman Matthew , Halliwell Neil A. , Rothberg Steven J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
When coherent laser light is incident on a surface that is rough on the scale of the optical wavelength a speckle pattern is formed in the light which is backscattered. The performance of Laser Doppler Vibrometers is significantly influenced by changes which occur in the speckle pattern on the instrument’s photodetector. This paper investigates experimentally how the ratio of photodetector size to speckle size affects both the phase and amplitude of the Doppler signal component of the photodetector output.
This speckle induced signal modulation contributes noise in the instrument’s output referred to as speckle noise. Minimisation of speckle noise is essential to lower the Laser Vibrometer noise floor and ensure reliable operation. Experimental data are presented in this paper to explore the combined effects of speckle size, photodetector size and speckle transition speed. Speckle noise is found to be minimised when a compromise in detector position is achieved between the competing effects of speckle size and speckle transition speed.
Impact of acute care surgery model in aspects of patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: result from a single tertiary care center in Thailand
Authors: Laohathai Sirasit , Jaroensuk Jittima , Laohathai Sira , Laohavinij Wasin 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundEven though an acute care surgery (ACS) model has been implemented worldwide, there are still relatively few studies on its efficacy in developing countries, which often have limited capacity and resources. To evaluate ACS efficacy in a developin country, we compared mortality rates and intervention timeliness at a tertiary care center in Thailand among patients with an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH).MethodsThis retrospective study compared two 24-month periods between pre-ACS and post-ACS implementations from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2018. Medical records from consecutive patients with UGIH in the surgical department of Chonburi Hospital, Thailand, were reviewed. The primary outcome was UGIH mortality rate differences between pre-ACS and post-ACS implementations. Differences in complications rate, length of hospital stay (LOS), time to esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and proportion of patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (%EGD) in the same admission were also analyzed using unpaired t-test and Fisher’s exact test. Baseline characteristic differences between the pre-ACS and post-ACS periods were controlled for in multiple linear and logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 421 patients were included (162 pre-ACS and 259 post-ACS). Results showed a mortality rate of 24% in post-ACS compared with 41% in pre-ACS period (p<0.001). Overall complications (38% vs 27%), LOS (6.4 days vs 5.6 days) and time to EGD (44 hours vs 25 hours) were also significantly reduced, whereas %EGD increased (70% vs 89%). After adjusting for covariates, patients in the post-ACS period had lower risk of death (OR 0.54, p=0.040), lower risk of developing respiratory complications (OR 0.52, p=0.036), higher chance of receiving EGD in the same admission (OR 2.94, p<0.001) and shortened time to EGD for 19 hours (p<0.001).DiscussionOur results provide evidence that ACS can be implemented to improve patient outcomes at medical centers in developing countries with limited resources.Level of evidenceTherapeutic/care management, level IV.
The effects of ductal size on the severity of pulmonary hypertension in children with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): a multi-center study
Authors: Chinawa Josephat M. , Chukwu Bartholomew F. , Chinawa Awoere T. , Duru Chika O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common acyanotic heart disease that presents with variable symptoms.

Objectives
This study is therefore aimed at determining the relationship between gender, age, and size of PDA and pulmonary hypertension. This study also seeks to determine the prevalence of elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure in children with PDA.

Patients and methods
A descriptive study of children with patent ductus arteriosus was carried out from 2016 to 2020 in three institutions. The data were analysed with the IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 20 (IBM Corp, Chicago)

Result
The mean ductal size was 3.78 (2.39) mm, with a minimum of 1.0 mm and a maximum size of 10.0 mm. The mean ductal size for males, 4.02 (2.53) mm was comparable with that of the females, 3.61 (2.28) mm (Student T-test = 0.8, 0.4). The mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) of the patients was 43.36 (24.46) mmHg. Also the mean PASP was comparable among the males and the females, 48.37 (26.69) mmHg versus 39.63 (22.16) mmHg (Student T-test = 1.81, p = 0.07). There was no correlation between age and PASP (correlation coefficient = 0.009, p = 0.92). Sixty point two percent (60.2%) (62/103) of children with PDA had pulmonary hypertension. The proportion of males with pulmonary hypertension, 48.39% (30/62) was comparable with that of the females, 51.61% (32/62) (Chi2 = 2.05, p = 0.15) and females are 1.8 times more likely to have pulmonary hypertension as males (odds ratio 1.81, 95% CI 0.8–4.1). There was a positive correlation between ductal size and PASP (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.26, p value = 0.007). Those with moderate and large sized duct tend to have moderate and severe pulmonary hypertension respectively and this is statistically significant. Chi2 = 17.85, p = 0.007

Conclusion
The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in children with PDA is 60.2%. Moderate and large size duct presents with moderate and severe pulmonary hypertension respectively. Females are 1.8 times more likely to have pulmonary hypertension than the males.
Understanding personal asthma action plans
Authors: Henry Heather 
Published: March 2021

Personal asthma action plans are an essential tool to keep people with asthma as well as possible. Heather Henry explains the role of the practice nurse in developing them Personal asthma action plans (PAAPs) are written plans that help people with asthma to self-care and keep themselves as well as possible. PAAPs are usually developed in partnership with the patient or carer in primary care. PAAPs aim to ensure that people with asthma know how to manage their asthma and when to seek help if their condition deteriorates. To manage their asthma adequately at home, patients will need regular education about what asthma is, an understanding of their triggers, how their medications work and managing their devices. The practice nurse can play a key role in developing the PAAP, monitoring asthma control, and subsequently modifying the PAAP if necessary to maintain control of the condition.
Political Complexities of Ethnochoreological Research: The Facets of Scholarly Work on Dance in the Countries of Former Yugoslavia
Authors: Rakočević Selena 
Published: March 2021

As independent scholarly discipline grounded in folkloristics, ethnochoreology was predominantly founded within the state institutions of the socialist regime of former Yugoslavia after World War II and was consequently molded theoretically and methodologically in accordance with the prevailing ideology of the ruling socialist political system. In post-socialist regimes established in former Yugoslavian republics after the 1990s, which led to emerging market economies and caused huge modifications in the official social and educational policies of each country, ethnochoreology continued to be linked with state institutions. At the same time, however, it has been subject to extensive remodeling which included changes within the discipline itself along with its repositioning in the academic and educational system.
This article examines political facets of ethnochoreological research in former Yugoslavian republics, comparing the experiences of many individual dance scholars. Based on interviews with colleagues from Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and Montenegro, the study will explore the general position of ethnochoreologists as well as their attitudes toward the relationships between dance research and the concrete political situations in each of their countries. Questions discussed encompass standpoints about how the political realities we are living in influence the remodeling of ethnochoreology in epistemological and methodological terms, but also its position in academic, educational and research contexts.
A Comprehensive Map of mRNAs and Their Isoforms across All 14 Renal Tubule Segments of Mouse
Authors: Chen Lihe , Chou Chun-Lin , Knepper Mark A. 
Published: March 2021

Significance Statement
There are at least 14 different renal tubule segments, each with characteristic cell types with distinct functions. Although the advent of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has greatly improved our understanding of gene expression in these renal epithelial cell types, detailed mapping of transcripts has been limited by methods that tend to be biased toward transcript ends. Coupling full-length RNA-seq analysis with renal tubule microdissection characterized gene expression along the mouse renal tubule, including mapping of transcript abundance and alternative exon usage. The data provide a comprehensive view of gene expression along the nephron and collecting duct, made available to scientists via a user-friendly web resource.

Background
The repertoire of protein expression along the renal tubule depends both on regulation of transcription and regulation of alternative splicing that can generate multiple proteins from a single gene.

Methods
A full-length, small-sample RNA-seq protocol profiled transcriptomes for all 14 renal tubule segments microdissected from mouse kidneys.

Results
This study identified >34,000 transcripts, including 3709 that were expressed in a segment-specific manner. All data are provided as an online resource (https://esbl.nhlbi.nih.gov/MRECA/Nephron/). Many of the genes expressed in unique patterns along the renal tubule were solute carriers, transcription factors, or G protein–coupled receptors that account for segment-specific function. Mapping the distribution of transcripts associated with Wnk-SPAK-PKA signaling, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone signaling, and cystic diseases of the kidney illustrated the applications of the online resource. The method allowed full-length mapping of RNA-seq reads, which facilitated comprehensive, unbiased characterization of alternative exon usage along the renal tubule, including known isoforms of Cldn10, Kcnj1 (ROMK), Slc12a1 (NKCC2), Wnk1, Stk39 (SPAK), and Slc14a2 (UT-A urea transporter). It also identified many novel isoforms with segment-specific distribution. These included variants associated with altered protein structure (Slc9a8, Khk, Tsc22d1, and Scoc), and variants that may affect untranslated, regulatory regions of transcripts (Pth1r, Pkar1a, and Dab2).

Conclusions
Full-length, unbiased sequencing of transcripts identified gene-expression patterns along the mouse renal tubule. The data, provided as an online resource, include both quantitative and qualitative differences in transcripts. Identification of alternative splicing along the renal tubule may prove critical to understanding renal physiology and pathophysiology.
Selection of pairs for intervarietal crossing of root chicory
Authors: Vyutnova O. M. , Smirnova I. V. , Evseeva E. A. , Polyanina T. Yu. , Ratnikova N. A. , Novikova I. A. 
Published: March 2021

Relevance. Modern agricultural production requires the creation of varieties that combine high productivity, quality, and adaptability. Taking into account the development trends of modern agriculture towards multiplicity, it is necessary to improve and expand the assortment, helping to meet the needs of both large and small producers of agricultural products. Due to the lack of material and human resources in the agricultural sector, there is a clear need for varieties and hybrids adapted to industrial cultivation and storage technologies. Existing zoned varieties of root chicory have a root crop length of 40 cm or more, and the soils of the area of cycoroseeding are mainly heavy in mechanical composition, where the use of digging devices to such a depth is impossible. Production requires varieties with a short root crop, which has the main mass concentrated in the upper part.Methods. The purpose of this work is to identify valuable genotypes in the soil and climate conditions of the non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation among the variety of varieties of chicory root of different ecological and geographical origin for use in the creation of the source material of selection by inter-port crosses.Results. When creating the source material for the selection of root chicory by the method of intervarietal crosses, one of the parents should choose local intrazonal varieties adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the zone (Yaroslavsky, Gavrilov-Yamsky), and the second – off-zonal varieties with economically valuable qualities (short root crop, high yields and chemical-technological indicators, resistance to root rot) and donors of these traits (Kharpachi, Sleszka, BilogorkaOS-2, BilogorkaOS-3, Rexor, Wixor, Luxor).
Influence of agricultural cultivation techniques on the quality of milk thistle fruits
Authors: Kilyanova T. V. , Nemtsev S. N. 
Published: March 2021

Relevance. The research is aimed at developing elements of technology for cultivating milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.). Such elements as the timing and methods of sowing, the seeding rate, and weed control measures are presented here. The research was carried out on leached Chernozem soils of the Middle Volga region in a temperate continental climate.Results. The effectiveness of early spring ordinary crops, allowing to increase the content of oil– up to 33%, protein – up to 16%, was established. The methods used allow to increase the oil harvest from 1 ha by an average of 14%, in comparison with wide-row sowing, which is a significant indicator in the cultivation of the crop. The use of agrotechnical methods of weed control provided an increase in the yield of milk thistle seeds by an average of 0.16 t/ha, in comparison with the control.