bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of the Persian Version of the Professional Self Identity Questionnaire (PSIQ)
Authors: Salari Mina , Amini Mitra , Hayat Ali Asghar , Delavari Somayeh , Zare Soolmaz , Moosavi Mahsa , Jafari Peyman 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Professional identity is a vital component of medical education that affects the future practice of medical students. There is a notice of the lack of a reliable and valid Persian scale to measure the students' readiness for professional identity.Objective: This present study aims to determine whether or not the PSIQ can be adapted for Persian healthcare professions.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among medical students (years of 4-7) in Shiraz medical school. A total of 175 students completed the Persian version of PSIQ using convenience sampling. Categorical confirmatory factor analysis (CCFA) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to investigate the questionnaire's validity and reliability. Moreover, R.3.6.2 software, by using the lavaan and semPlot packages in it, was used for data analysis and the path diagram.Results: The indices of the goodness of fit of the model were used for the professional self-identity, which including root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), Tuker-Lewise index (TLI), and comparative fit index (CFI) ( RMSEA=0.055, CFI=0.996, and TLI=0.994). The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for these three factors of "profession-specific tasks," "generic attributes," and "inter-personal tasks" subscales were 0.762, 0.622, and 0.747, respectively (p-value<0.05). The internal consistency of the whole questionnaire measured by Cronbach's alpha was 0.873. The set of these fit statistics show that the hypothesized three-factor model fits the sample data. Therefore, all nine items were significantly loaded on the three domains (Profession specific tasks, Generic attributes, Interpersonal tasks). Conclusion: The Persian translated version of the PSIQ may be an appropriate, valid and reliable tool for assessing medical students' health professional self-identity attitudes in Iran.
Novel Ductile Enhancement in the Structural Characteristics of External Beam Column Joint with Potassium Activated Green Concrete Technology: An Artistic Establishment of Seismic Challenging Structures
Authors: R Mohana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the beam column joints are the two prominent characteristics which governs the stability of the entire structure constructed in the seismic prone areas. In this paper, the effect of potassium activated geopolymer concrete in the exterior beam column joint application is investigated under low frequency cyclic loading. Numerical analysis has been done by using the finite element software Abaqus and compared with the experimental work. From the load deformation relationship, parametric studies are carried out in the aspects of ductility, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation capacity, drift ratio and cracking pattern. The use of potassium activated geopolymer technology in the exterior beam column joint application resulted in the improved ductility, energy dissipation capacity with superior ultimate load carrying capacity of 1.05% over conventional cement reinforced concrete beam column joints with special confining reinforcement confirmed by IS 13920 due to the enormous polymerisation activated by high molecular potassium ions.2.78% improved energy dissipation capacity of potassium based geopolymer specimen resulted in the lesser number of non structural cracks and 11.26% more deformation under 11.96% enlarged drift ratio than the conventional reinforced concrete specimen. From the observed results it is clearly noted that the implementation potassium activated green polymer technology in the beam column joints possessed enhanced ductility characteristics to protect the structure susceptible to seismic environment and resulted in the innovative, economical and sustainable mode of seismic resistant building construction.
Conceptualization of A Cognitively Enriched Walking Program For Older Adults: A Co-Design Study With Experts and End Users
Authors: Marent Pieter-Jan , Vangilbergen Arwen , Chastin Sebastien , Cardon Greet , Uffelen Jannique G.Z. van , Beeckman Melanie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Research in controlled laboratory settings shows that physical activity programs enriched with cognitive challenges enhance the benefits of physical activity on cognition in older adults. This translational study aimed to conceptualise a real-life, cognitively enriched walking program for older adults (65+) by investigating (a) which cognitive tasks are most suited for cognitive enrichment of a walking program, and (b) how to embed these tasks in a walking program to become feasible, enjoyable and effective.
Methods
A co-design process was followed with input of 34 academic experts and 535 end users. First, an online, three-rounds Delphi process was used to obtain consensus amongst academic experts on the key characteristics that a real-life cognitively enriched walking program should have. Next, end users provided feedback and suggestions on what the experts concluded, and gave more insight into their preferences and concerns by means of an online/telephone survey.
Results
Combined input from experts and end users resulted in a list of recommendations to guide the further development of the cognitively enriched walking program. First, it is important to provide a range of cognitive tasks to choose from. Each of these tasks should (a) provide variation and differentiation, (b) be implemented with increasing levels of difficulty, and (c) be integrated in the walk. Second, divide the walk into three parts: 5–10 minutes brisk walking, cognitive tasks for most of the walk, and 5–10 minutes free walking. Finally, the program should strive for a minimal session frequency of twice a week, include competition occasionally and carefully, ensure safety and keep the walks fun.
Conclusions
The co-design process resulted in recommendations to guide the next steps in the program development process. Additional studies will be performed to improve the enjoyability and feasibility, and to assess the effectiveness of the cognitively enriched walking program to improve cognitive functioning and physical activity in older adults (65+).
The Optimal Spacing Interval Between Principal Shelterbelts of the Farm-shelter Forest Network
Authors: Sun Qinming , Zheng Bo , Liu Tong , Zhu Lekui , Hao Xiaoran , Han Zhiquan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The farm-shelter forest network is a complex grid protection system, with a windbreak that is distinctly different from that of the single shelterbelt. We selected the farm-shelter forest network of a jujube field in the Tarim Basin of northwest China and used a combination of field measurements and wind tunnel tests to determine the optimal spacing interval between principal shelterbelts. The wind speed reductive curve of the farm-shelter forest network showed a gradual wind speed tendency to stability. Therefore, a model was established based on the energy transfer balance between the upper and the lower airflows for a steady wind speed. The prediction error of the model was found to be < 1%. The model results indicated that increasing the spacing interval between principal shelterbelts from 10 H to 20 H, where H is the shelterbelt height, maintained more than 70% of the windbreak effect of the farm-shelter forest network. If the spacing interval between principal shelterbelts were to be increased from 10 H to 20 H, the jujube planting area would be increased by 0.54%. Therefore, a thorough consideration of the windbreak effect of each shelterbelt, the synergistic effects of shelterbelts, the windbreak effects of tall crops, and the effects of temperature and humidity in farm-shelter forest networks indicates that increasing the spacing interval will not only maintain the windbreak effect, but it will also reduce the side effects of shelterbelts, increase the planting area, favor mechanized operation, and improve planting efficiency.
Textile Waste Fibre Regeneration via a Green Chemistry Approach: A Molecular Strategy for Sustainable Fashion
Authors: Sun Xuantong , Wang Xi , Su Fengqiang , Tian Mingwei , Qu Lijun , Perry Patsy , Ovens Huw , Liu Xuqing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fast fashion has been widely criticised for its excessive resource use and high generation of textile. To reduce its environmental impacts, numerous efforts have focused on finding sustainable and eco-friendly approaches to textile recycling. However, waste textiles and fibres are still mainly disposed of in landfills or by incineration and thereby pollute the natural environment, as there is still no effective strategy to separate natural fibres from chemical fibres. Herein, we developed a green chemistry strategy for the separation and regeneration of waste textiles at the molecular level. Cellulose/wool keratin composite fibres and multicomponent fibres were regenerated from waste textiles via ionic liquids. Our strategy attempts to reduce the large amount of waste textiles generated by the fast-developing fashion industry and provide a new source of fibres, which can also address the fossil fuel reserve shortages caused by chemical fibre industries and global food shortages caused by natural fibre production.
Individual Motivation for Completion of Antenatal Care Consultations In The Community Health Center: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ibrahim Juliani , Kashima Saori 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Antenatal care is an intensive program for mother and child, predominantly received from healthcare professionals during pregnancy. Recent studies have shown a high rate of incomplete consultations, while several qualitative and quantitative assessments highlighted the influencing risks and motivational factors. These were performed in an attempt to gain a more comprehensive understanding hence data were collected and consequently evaluated on the basis of competition, using a convergent mixed-methods design.Methods: The data were collected in Makassar, Indonesia, using a sequential explanatory designed that was initially conducted as a quantitative study in the form of a questionnaire for pregnant/reproductive women (n=326), followed by a focus group discussion (FGD), as a qualitative study targeted at people, which includes pregnant/reproductive women and health workers (n=60). To quantitatively evaluate the relationship between each factor and the completion of antenatal care consultations, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the logistic regression model. Similarly, in order to validate the results from the quantitative study and explore the real background in each motivation factor, qualitative analysis was conducted by FGD.Results: In the qualitative analysis, the level of education of the husband and the time allocated to examination were linked with the completion status of antenatal care consultations. Particularly, the women that received accurate and prompt services were more likely to complete the antenatal care consultations [Adjusted OR for additional physical examination:1.90 (95% CI: 1.03–3.48); and OR for additional obstetric physical examination: 9.10 (95% CI: 3.42–24.23)] compared to the women that did not receive. According to the FGD, the quality of health care centers was an important factor for the completion of antenatal care performance, and pregnant women frequently visited Posyandu which is a health post in the community instead of going to the community health center.Conclusions: The main challenges for individual motivation to complete their consultations remain the socio-economic status, lack of knowledge on pregnancy experiences, and the quality of health care centers. These factors need to be considered in order to improve the health policy for adequate services for pregnant women.
Impact of Pneumocystis Pneumonia on Non-HIV Immunocompromised Patient Outcomes
Authors: Yue Ruiming , Peng Shengkun , Hou Yifu , Yang Fuxun , Zhang Xiaoqin , He Hongli , cao Min , Luo Xiaoxiu , Li Tianlong , Huang Xiaobo , Pan Lingai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in non-HIV immunocompromised patients especially solid organ transplant（SOT）recipients. There is a lack of data on the effects of PCP on the outcomes of them.MethodWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 34 non-HIV immunocompromised patients who were diagnosed with PJP by metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) combined with clinical symptoms and CT imaging changes admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to December 2020. We use univariable analysis and multi-logistic regression analysis to screen the main risk factors that affect the prognosis.ResultsA total of 65 patients found Pneumocystis jiroveci through mNGS from the BALF. Among them 34 non-HIV immunocompromised patients who were diagnosed with PCP were included. The mortality rate was 41.2%. Among them, 19 were kidney recipients, 1 liver recipient, 5 cases of connective tissue disease，4 cases of blood system diseases, 5 cases of others (including tumors and skin diseases). The ICU occupancy rate was 85.3%. The univariable analysis between the two groups found that the main risk factors affecting the outcome included age, body mass index (BMI), albumin (ALB), SOFA score on the first day of entering the ICU, the interval time between symptom onset and the start of TMP/SMX treatment, and invasive mechanical ventilation. However, patients who accepted early combination seems to get better outcome.ConclusionOld age, low BMI, hypoalbuminemia, mechanical ventilation, and delayed treatment may be associated with a worse outcome. Early diagnosis and treatment are key factors to improve the outcome of PCP. We should actively correct the malnutrition condition, and give early combination of TMP/SMX and echinocandin therapy may improve the prognosis.
Intrinsic and extrinsic contributions in non-linearity dielectric response of (Bi0.5Na0.3K0.2)TiO3-(Ba0.8Ca0.2)TiO3 based SrTiO3 ceramics driven by Rayleigh model
Authors: Mahmoud Abdelrazek , Babeer Afaf M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pb-free ceramics of [(0.95-x)(Bi0.5Na0.3K0.2)TiO3-0.05(Ba0.8Ca0.2)TiO3 doped x(SrTiO3) (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) were prepared by solid solution technique. The effect of ST content on the crystal structure and morphology of the sintered ceramics were systemically investigated. Crossover phase transition from ferroelectric to relaxor accompanied by changes in the shape of grain morphology were observed by increasing ST-content. The phase crossover is caused by oxygen vacancies and 1attice distortion effect. The electrical properties for virgin and poled samples were investigated. All virgin samples belong (x ≤ 0.15) showed present ferroelectric to relaxor diffused phase transition however ST = 0.2, only relaxor to paraelectric phase transition was detected in whole range of temperature. The poled sample of ST = 0.2 showed present two phase transition similar to (ST ≤ 0.15) denote domain grow caused by domain wall displacement at high amplitude of electric field. The polarization response was studied under sub-switching cyclic of electric fie1ds at different temperatures. The non-linearity behavior showed both of ferroe1ectric and relaxor phase dominated by Rayleigh-type dynamic. The results suggest that in ferroelectric phase, the extrinsic contribution caused by domain wall motion is responsible for majority of dielectric contributions while in relaxor phase, the majority of dielectric contribution are comes from intrinsic contribution caused by lattice distortion effect. Corresponding author: abdelrazek.mahmoud@sci.svu.edu.eg
Methods of Tobacco Harm Reduction Among Smokers in Malawi: Case Study of Chitipa, Ntcheu And Balaka Districts
Authors: Mithi Vita , Dewey Rebecca S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the methods of tobacco harm reduction products used by smokers in Malawi, in an attempt to reduce tobacco harm. The study employed a cross-sectional survey, with both quantitative and qualitative data collection, in 3 districts, one from each region across Malawi. Participants were recruited using the technique of snowball sampling. 1,258 current and ex-smokers were recruited, age range 15–55 years. The sample size for each district was calculated using the standard formula with a 95% confidence interval or significance of p = 0.05. Tobacco harm reduction products, also known as safer nicotine products, are not widely available in Malawi; as such their use is not statistically significant at 5%. However, the following resources were used to reduce tobacco harm: fruits like Malambe (Baobab), Banana, Masau (Jujube), Mtera (local herbs), sweets, chewing gum, fried maize and milk. Solutions: cigarette filters mixed with water, a mixture of pig milk, tobacco and drinking water. In addition, ngirimbo and chingambwe were used in a smokeless way to reduce tobacco harm. Across Malawi, smokers use local tobacco harm reduction products compared to safer nicotine products. This is compounded by the absence of information on safer nicotine products, a lack of service providers, poverty and use of local smokeless tobacco.
Different Methods for Molecular and Rapid Detection of Human Novel Coronavirus
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad H. , Sun Wenli , Cheng Qi 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
While PCR has been recognized as one of the appropriate ways to diagnose infectious
diseases, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) which is a nucleic acid amplification method, can
be considered as an alternative to PCR, and it is faster, cost-effective, and easier to perform than nested PCR.

Patients and Methods:
Keywords were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Institute for Scientific Information
Web of Science, as well as the search engine of Google Scholar. Keywords included PCR, LAMP,
RAA, RPA, Virus and COVID-19.

Results:
LAMP technology has been extensively applied for the detection of human pathogenic bacteria, crop
pests, pathogenic organisms and components in meat products. A new isotheral method, Recombinase polymerase
amplification (RPA), can amplify the DNA as well as RPA. RPA involves benefits of isothermal PCR
as well as simplicity and rapid amplification. Recombinase aided amplification (RAA) assay has been favorably
used in the detection of bacterial and viral pathogens and solved the technical difficulties posed by DNA amplification
methods because it does not need thermal denaturation of the template and involves a low and constant
temperature.

Conclusions:
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, digital PCR, LAMP, nicking endonuclease amplification
reaction, recombinase polymerase amplification, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic
repeats are different nucleic acid amplification tests of COVID-19. LAMP methods can be more specific than
qPCR and immunoassays. The LAMP assay can be applied for rapid detection of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV,
SARS-CoV-2, and influenza, because LAMP is a highly sensitive and specific DNA/RNA amplification technique.
Design of Oleanolic Acid-based Hybrid Compounds as Potential Pharmaceutical
Scaffolds
Authors: Khwaza Vuyolwethu , Oyedeji Opeoluwa Oyehan , Aderibigbe Blessing Atim , Morifi Eric , Fonkui Youmbi Thierry , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Nell Margo , Steenkamp Vanessa 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Infectious diseases, as well as cancer, are the leading causes of death
worldwide. Drug resistance usually results in their treatment requiring a combination of two or more
drugs.

Objective:
Oleanolic-based hybrid compounds were prepared via esterification and characterized
using FTIR, NMR and LC-MS. In vitro antibacterial and in vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed.

Method:
Oleanolic acid was hybridized with selected known pharmaceutical scaffolds via the carboxylic
acid functionality in order to develop therapeutics with increased biological activity. Antibacterial
activity was determined using the micro-dilution assay against selected Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacteria and cytotoxicity using the sulforhodamine B assay.

Results:
Compound 8 displayed potent antibacterial effect against five strains of bacteria, such as
Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Escherichia coli,
with MIC values of 1.25, 0.078, 0.078, 1.25, 1.25 mg/mL when compared to the control, oleanolic
acid (MIC = 2.5 mg/mL). Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity, as determined using the SRB assay,
against selected cancer cells revealed that compound 7 was the most cytotoxic on MDA, DU145, and
MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 69.87 ± 1.04, 73.2 ± 1.08, and 85.27 ± 1.02 μg/mL, respectively,
compared to oleanolic acid with an IC50 > 200 μg/mL.

Conclusion:
Hybridization of oleanolic acid was successful, and further development of these potential
antibacterial compounds with reduced cytotoxicity is therefore warranted.
Safety Behavior Predictors Related to the Food Safety of Greenhouse Products among the Greenhouse Owners Based on Protection Motivation Theory
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Sharifabad Mohammad A. M. , Sardooei Zabihollah A. , Daneshi Salman , Hushmandi Kiavash , Raei Mehdi 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine the safety behavior predictors related to the food safety of greenhouse products among the greenhouse owners of Jiroft city based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a descriptive-correlation approach in 2018 on 228 greenhouse owners. A researcher-made questionnaire that included demographic variables, PMT structures, and safety behavior was administered.

Results:
Of the surveyed greenhouse owners, 98.2% were men. The participants were aged from 21 to 70 years. The mean scores of all PMT constructs other than response costs, and safety behaviors other than that of preventing the prevalence of pests were at a moderate level. The prediction rate of safety behaviors by PMT constructs was 74.4%. Meanwhile, perceived costs' construct (β = −0.349), response efficacy (β = 0.251), and protection motivation (β = 0.424) had important roles.

Conclusion:
Given the predictive power of PMT constructs for safety behaviors related to food safety, educational interventions based on this theory are required.