bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol on Effects of Yoga on Anxiety and Depression among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Disease
Authors: Warghane Roshani Shankarrao , Mahakarkar Manjusha 
Published: December 2021

Background of the Study: The most common endocrine condition among women of reproductive age is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Amenorrhea, hirsutism, infertility, obesity, acne vulgaris, and androgenic alopecia are some of the symptoms. PCOS is a stigmatising condition that has a negative impact on a woman's identity, mental health, and overall quality of life (QOL). In India, this issue has gotten too little attention. PCOS is a hormonal imbalance that affects one out of every ten women of childbearing age. PCOS causes hormonal imbalances and metabolism issues in women, which can have an impact on their overall health and attractiveness. Infertility can also be caused by PCOS, which is a common and treatable condition.
Objectives: 1. To assess the existing level of anxiety and depression among polycystic ovarian disease women. 2. To assess the testosterone level in polycystic ovarian disease women. 3. To assess the effectiveness of yoga on level of anxiety and depression among polycystic ovarian disease women. 4. To associate the level of anxiety with selected demographic variables. 4. To associate the level of depression with selected demographic variables.
Material and Methods: A Experimental one group pre-test and post-test study design was undertaken to assess effectiveness of yoga (Malasana) related to level of anxiety and depression among polycystic ovarian disease women . In this study a total number of 30 women who fulfill the inclusion criteria were selected. Modified anxiety rating scale and modified depression scale was developed to assess effectiveness of yoga (Malasana) related to level of anxiety and depression among polycystic ovarian disease women.
Expected Results: This study is planned to assess the effectiveness of yoga (Malasana) on level of anxiety and depression among polycystic ovarian disease. Hence it is expected to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga (Malasana) on level of anxiety and depression which helps to understand the effectiveness of malasana on anxiety and depression among polycystic ovarian disease women.
Conclusion: The conclusion will be drawn from the results.
Anti -Fungal Activity of Commercially Available Extracts of Garlic (Allium sativum), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Amla (Emblica officinalis): An in vitro Study
Authors: Siddique Mohammad Abu Bakr , Sunil Ladke Vaibhav , D. Shirol Pallavi , M. Kumbhar Gauri , V. Koshy Ajit , Amisha Shah , Ashraf Farhana 
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose: Many innovations are constantly emerging with the advances in modern medicine and also it is occurring in various traditional medicines as they are considered to be safe and economical in current increasing health care financial burden. Due to emerging of MDR (multiple drug resistance) microorganisms and reduce efficacy of Modern medicines researchers and clinicians are required to revisit the traditional and alternative medicines.
Material and Method: Extracts of garlic (Allium sativum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), amla (Emblica officinalis) and honey were prepared at concentration of 1mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 3mg/mL and were tested on different cancdidal species like Candida Albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida Parapsilosis and Candida Krusei and on Fluconazole as a positive control. Disc Diffusion Test for antifungal assay was performed.
Results: The anti-fungal effect was maximum at 3mg/mL concentration for all the herbal extracts. Zone of inhibition for fluconazole, was highest (35.00 ± 1.73). Among herbal extracts zone of inhibition for garlic was maximum (16.67 ± 0.88), followed by turmeric (12.67 ± 1.20), honey (11.00 ± 0.58 ), amla (9.33 ± 0.67 ). Similarly for each dose, comparing the mean zone of inhibition between antifungal groups Tukey test showed significantly (p<0.001) different and lower zone of inhibition in herbal extracts (garlic, turmeric, honey and amla) as compared to fluconazole at all the doses.
Conclusion: Among all the extracts garlic showed maximum efficiency. Also, the results obtained for herbal extracts showed that they were less efficient compared to fluconazole which was used as positive control.
Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-Diabetes Using HbA1c
Authors: Fatima Maryam , Ali Zainab , Zafar Zubia 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a group of metabolic diseases depicted by crippled insulin release by the pancreas and insulin resistance of body tissues.
Objectives: The main objective of the study is to analyse the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes using HbA1c.
Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Islam Medical College Sialkot during 2020 to 2021. A special questionnaire concerning family history and health-related information was filled for all participants by direct interviews with the researchers. People previously diagnosed with diabetes or hemoglobinopathies were ruled out from the study. Blood samples were collected from all subjects using EDTA tubes and centrally analyzed for HbA1c.
Results: The data was collected from 200 patients of both genders. In all, 200 participants were found to be currently diabetic, giving an overall prevalence of current condition to be 24.6% (95% CI 21.90 - 27.49) in the study population. History of disease was reported by 31.5% participants (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: It is concluded that adjustments in platelet files are believed to be measurably connected with diabetes and its intricacies. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes is much higher than previously thought in Pakistan.
To Evaluate the Effectiveness of Awareness Program on Self Care Management among Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy
Authors: Thakare Pratiksha , Ankar Ruchira 
Published: December 2021

Background: Cancer is one of the main life-threatening disease among all diseases. Besides a large number of care efforts dedicated to this disease in the health system, cancer also imposes high costs on society.
Aim of the Study: To evaluate the effectiveness of awareness program on self care management among patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Methods: In this, study participants are a head and neck cancer patient, Interventional approach, The one group pre-test and post-test design. The head and neck cancer patient having an age group of more than 20 years will be included as per inclusion/exclusion criteria. The efficacy of the awareness program on management of self care in undergoing radiotherapy patients will be assessed by a structured knowledge questionnaire and perception questionnaire on radiotherapy. Each test having 20 items and the duration of the test will be 20 min. The pre-test will be assessed first day then the informational booklet on self care management undergoing radiotherapy will be provided to each patient and after seven days post-test will be assessed.
Expected Outcome: Primary outcomes include evaluation of the efficacy of awareness on self care management in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Secondary outcomes involve Association of Knowledge and perception score related to management of self care among radiotherapy receiving patients related to their demographic variable.
Conclusion: The study will be drawn from the results and after that article will be published in the peer-review journal.
Role of Letrozole in Management of Female Infertility; Review Article
Authors: Messawa Maha Fouad , Omar Salma Yousef , Babagi Reem Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

Background: Letrozole is a highly steroidal and selective oral aromatase inhibitor (AI). Serval studies shows that Co-treatment with letrozole significantly reduced gonadotropin consumption and the incidence of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in normal/high responders, with pregnancy outcomes comparable to or better than the other groups. In this article we will be looking at role of letrozole in treatment of infertility
Methodology: A simple systematic review was carried out, searching databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO. The authors extracted qualitative data, and then the author's names, year, study type, methodology, and the result were reported.
Results and Conclusion: Letrozole has effectiveness which is near the usage of the Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin in the numbers of pregnancies per cycle but have much less cost which indicates cost effectiveness of the drug. Furthermore, studies show that administration of the drug is effective in inducing pregnancy, with higher dose more than 5mg and 7.5mg more effective.
A Review on the Reported Antibacterial Activity of 1,3,5-Triazine
Authors: Basak Mrinmoy , Dey Biplab Kumar , Ansari Sajidul Hoque , Laskar Moksood Ahmed , Goswami Priyanka , Jyrwa Rosamund , Gogoi Pal , Choudhury Md. Rejwan Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

Antibiotics are the class of drugs used for bacterial, viral & fungal infection. Antibiotic resistance is the ability of microorganism to withstand themselves against the effects of a drug. Every year antibiotic resistance causes more than 38000 deaths in Thailand, 23000 deaths in USA. In South Asia one new born child dies every 5 minutes from blood stream infection because antibiotics given are ineffective due to bacterial resistance. Now antibiotic resistance is a threat to global health. In this paper, triazene derivatives are kept in concern. Triazines are six-membered, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffold with a wide range of pharmaceutical properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antioxidants, antitubercular, antimalarial and anti-inflammatory. Due to lack of new antibiotics as well older antibiotic are rapidly proving ineffective, derivatives of triazine would be of great significance in future prospective.
Incidence of H. pylori in all Endoscopies Done at Saveetha Medical College over the Last Two Years (2018-2020)
Authors: Kirthika S. , Vinoth M. 
Published: December 2021

Background: H. pylori infection is a major health ailment in most of the developing countries. The infection is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality ranging from chronic gastritis to gastric malignancies. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of H. pylori among patients tested positive for the same in Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam over the period of 2018-2020 and assess the incidence with factors like socioeconomic status, age and sex of the patients.
Objectives:

To determine the incidence of pylori for the patients who tested positive for the same over the period of 2018-2020.
To assess the patients infected with pylori for various factors like age, sex and socioeconomic status.

Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective type of study. The patients who tested positive for H. pylori infection in Saveetha Medical College over the period of 2018-2020 was taken into study. A total of 300 H. pylori infected patients were assessed for various factors like age, sex and socioeconomic status.
Results: Out of 300 patients who tested positive for H.pylori were categorized based on age sex and socioeconomic status. Among 300 infected patients, 230 turned out to be men while only 70 cases seen among women. The prevalence was high among the age group > 60 (n=150; 50%) while the 40-60 recorded the second highest number of cases (30% n=90). 20-40 was the least affected group. Most of the cases were associated with low socioeconomic status, alcohol and smoking which contributes to the increased risk of acquiring the H. pylori infection.
Conclusion: The incidence of H. pylori infection is high among the study group. Hence it is essential to provide prompt treatment and take adequate measures to prevent the risk factors.
Risk Factors for the Formation of Inflammatory Diseases of the Upper Digestive Tract in Children in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
Authors: Boraeva Tatiana Temirbolatovna , Matveeva Ulyana Viktorovna , Revazova Asya Bekovna , Albegova Bela Zakharovna , Arapiev Kharon Beslanovich , Makiev Georgiy Georgievich , Beslaneeva Maryana Vitalyevna , Makhmudova Khairat Rasulovna , Maslova Alina Yuryevna , Mishvelov Artem Evgenevich 
Published: December 2021

In recent years, cases of diseases of the digestive tract among preschool and school-age children have become significantly more frequent. This article analyzes the influence of various factors (heredity, living conditions, age, gender, lifestyle) on the likelihood of morbidity.
Chronic pathology of the upper digestive tract in the vast majority of children begins at preschool age with further significant growth from the moment they attend school. Close attention is required by children whose parents and immediate relatives suffer from gastroenterological diseases.
Modern diagnosis of the disease will reduce the risk of development and progression of the most common pathology of the digestive organs of childhood and avoid the development of severe complications.
Orthopantomography and use of Mandibular Indices for the Evaluation of Gender Distribution in Navi Mumbai Population - A Retrospective, Single Blind Study
Authors: Patil Priyanka Vijay , Kulkarni Manali , Pagare Sandeep , Shetty Naveen , Bhutani Hemant , Gavand Kapil 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The study of forensic sciences often leaves the forensic expert to draw conclusions from any and every material available in determining the identity of the deceased. The initial step in identifying a person is to determine their gender based on their adult skeleton. The human skeleton displays sexual dimorphism, of which the skull is most dimorphic providing an accurateness of 92%. However, in certain situations where the skull may not be found intact, the mandible plays a vital role. The mandible's thick covering of compact bone helps keep it from exploding during a mass tragedy. Dimorphism in the mandible is gender specific and is mainly reflected in its shape and size. The mandible is also easily radiographed and specific linear measurements of the mandibular rami as seen on an OPG are useful indices for gender determination.
Aims: To examine the efficacy of mandibular rami measures such as maximum ramus breadth, maximum ramus height, minimum ramus breadth, condylar height, coronoid height, mandibular body length and gonial angles on the right and left side of an OPG in determining gender.
Materials and methods: 110 digital OPG’s (55 males, 55 females) of a Navi Mumbai population were obtained retrospectively from a reputed dental college and hospital. The OPG’s were taken using Xtropan 2000 OPG machine, 10x12 PSP plates, exposure parameters of 75 Kvp, 8 mas, 13 sec, and KODAK CR 7400 digitizer. Master View 3.0 software was used on the desktop computer to measure the mandibular ramus's width and thickness. Maximum ramus breadth, Maximum Ramus height and lowest ramus breadth of the mandibular rami, as well as the height of the condyle and the coronoid bone, and the length of the mandibular body and gonial angles on the right and left sides of the mouth, were all measured. Using a statistical formula, the measurements were substituted and gender was estimated.
Result: We used the IBM SPSS v 21.0 statistical software for social sciences to do our statistical study. p0.05 was deemed statistically significant, with a 5% margin of error and a 20% margin of error, giving the study an 80 percent power. In the study group, 51 of the 55 men were expected to be males, while 49 of the 55 females were anticipated to be females, while 6 of the 55 females were predicted to be males.
Conclusion: This research shows that the mandibular ramus is a useful tool for determining gender, and digital panoramic imaging yielded the best accurate linear measures. There was considerable sexual dimorphism in the mandibular ramus in the chosen Navi – Mumbai subpopulation, and the combination of 8 factors demonstrated an accuracy of 91.81 percent and was helpful for gender determination.
The Impact of the First Wave of Covid 19 on Orthopaedic Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Jagadeesh B. , Kumaran N. Adhishwar , Gunalan K. , Midhuna K. , Natarajan S. 
Published: December 2021

Background: The Covid 19 was declared a global pandemic that had a sizeable impact on the health care services in the surgical field including the orthopaedic department. There was additionally a decreased accessibility to healthcare personnel and facilities reallocated to manage the Covid patients. The study was mainly conducted to find out the impact of the first wave of COVID-19 on the orthopaedic surgeries.
Aim: The main aim of the study is to find out the alteration in the number, type of surgeries, financial implications, duration of hospital stay, delay in surgery during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Study Design: Retrospective crossectional study.
Methods: All the surgeries conducted in the orthopaedic department in the year 2019 and 2020 following first peak in March including pre-op and post-op COVID cases are included in the study. The procedure conducted, date of admission, date of surgery, date of discharge, investigations done and the cost expenses are the various parameters that are taken into consideration. The results are analysed for each year and comparisons are made using statistical methods.
Results: The comparative analysis of the data collected from the years 2019 and 2020 showed an increase in the duration of hospital stay, delay in surgery, additional expenditure, back log in the number of elective surgeries done during the Pandemic.
Knowledge and Attitude about Immunization Recommended by Government of India and Indian Academy of Paediatrics among Medical Students
Authors: Thiagarajan Diwakar , Mohandoss Vichithra , Sagayaraj M. Benjamin 
Published: December 2021

Background: Immunization being the most cost-effective treatment for preventing disease and extending life, is essential to know about its schedule and be aware of vaccines that are available up to date. Immunization is one of the most important strategies for protecting children from disease.
Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of immunization among medical students recommended by Government of India (NIS) and Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP).
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai among final year MBBS students, Medical Interns using a structured questionnaire. The study was conducted between February 2021 & April 2021.
Results: In a total of 259 study participants, around78(65%) of Medical Interns and 74(52%) of final year MBBS students are aware that as per NIS, BCG vaccine in catch up can be given until 1 year of age.
Conclusion: The degree of knowledge among medical students should be emphasised and various initiatives regarding the knowledge and awareness about immunization among the interns and the medical students should be introduced.
Clinical Profile of Alcoholic Liver Disease in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital and Its Association with Type, Amount and duration of Alcohol Consumption
Authors: Aswathi S. , Vikrannth V. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Alcoholic liver disease is a caused as a result of overconsuming alcohol that damages the liver, leading to inflammation, and scarring. It is often fatal with mortality and morbidity worldwide. Many studies in various countries show contradictory results about the role of amount, type and duration of alcohol exposure in determining the risk to develop ALD. This study aims to evaluate clinical profile of ALD in south Indian population and to correlation of disease severity with alcohol intake.
Material and Methods: A total of 50 patients of ALD were evaluated to correlate their clinical findings, biochemical parameters, prognostic markers (Discriminant function [DF] score, Model for end-stage liver disease [MELD] score and Child-Pugh score) and with their alcohol intake data in form of type, amount and duration of alcohol intake.
Results: Hepatic encephalopathy, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and all three prognostic scores showed a dose-dependent relation with the amount of alcohol intake (p <0.05). The results showed that the duration of alcohol had a positive impact on the results. NLR correlates well with all prognostic markers (p <0.05 for NLR's Spearman correlation with DF score and Child-Pugh Score), more so with MELD score (p <0.0001); and complications like hepatic encephalopathy and hepato-renal syndrome.
Conclusion: In this study we conclude that there is significant dose dependent relation of ALD along with its complications, prognostic markers and NLR with the amount, type and duration of alcohol consumption. Although the type of alcohol consumption didn’t have much influence on the results, amount of intake had a correlation with NLR.
Nickel‐Based Materials for Advanced Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zhou Dingyanyan , Guo Xiaotian , Zhang Qinyi , Shi Yuxin , Zhang Hubing , Yu Chao , Pang Huan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices requires multi‐functional materials. Nickel (Ni)‐based materials are regarded as promising candidates for EES devices owing to their unique performance characteristics, low cost, abundance, and environmental friendliness. This review summarizes the scientific advances of Ni‐based materials for rechargeable batteries since 2018, including lithium‐ion/sodium‐ion/potassium‐ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs/PIBs), lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs), Ni‐based aqueous batteries, and metal–air batteries (MABs). The Ni‐based materials are mainly classified by the various roles of anodes and cathodes for LIBs and SIBs, cathode hosts and separators for LSBs, cathodes for Ni‐based aqueous batteries, and catalysts for MABs, focusing on the relationship between the compositions, structures, and electrochemical performance. Finally, the challenges and prospects of Ni‐based materials for rechargeable batteries are briefly discussed.
Surface Engineering Suppresses the Failure of Biphasic Sodium Layered Cathode for High Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ji Haocheng , Zhai Jingjun , Chen Guojie , Qiu Xiao , Fang Hui , Zhang Taolve , Huang Zhongyuan , Zhao Wenguang , Wang Zhenhui , Chu Mihai , Wang Rui , Wang Chaoqi , Li Rui , Zeng Wen , Wang Xinwei , Xiao Yinguo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the process of upgrading energy storage structures, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as the most promising candidates for large‐scale grid storage systems. However, the difficulty in further improving their specific capacity and lifespan has become a major obstacle to promoting extensive application. Herein, by optimizing synthesis conditions, a biphasic‐Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 cathode that exhibits an ultrahigh capacity of ≈200 mAh g‐1 without the involvement of anion redox reactions is successfully synthesized. Nevertheless, there is significant electrochemical performance degradation because of failure at the cathode‐electrolyte interface as revealed by comprehensive analyses. Further in‐depth research proves that the surface side reactions that occur at high operating voltages and the transition metal dissolution that occurs in low voltage are the root causes of electrode surface failure. Therefore, the metal oxide atomic layer deposition (ALD) protective layer is deliberately chosen to suppress such failures. The coating effectively blocks corrosion of the cathode material by the electrolyte and successfully anchors the transition metal ions on the particle surface. As a result, the cycle stability and rate performance of the electrode are improved considerably. This surface engineering strategy could provide concepts with broad applicability for suppressing the failure of sodium layered cathodes.