bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Cohort for E-health, Environment and DNA (EXCEED) COVID-19 focus
Authors: Lee Paul H. , Guyatt Anna L. , John Catherine , Ali Altaf , Wang Xueyang , Williams Alexander T. , Zhao Bo , Batini Chiara , Bee Catherine , Adams Emma , Melbourne Carl A. , Brightling Christopher E. , Hsu Ron , Bethea Jane , Reeve Nicola , Ntalla Ioanna , Terry Sarah , Pareek Manish , Brunskill Nigel J. , Barwell Julian , Hollox Edward J. , Miola Jose , Wallace Susan E. , Shepherd David J. , Packer Richard , Venn Laura , Wain Louise V. , Free Robert C. , Tobin Martin D. 
Published: December 2021

Background: New data collection in established longitudinal population studies provides an opportunity for studying the risk factors and sequelae of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), plus the indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on wellbeing. The Extended Cohort for E-health, Environment and DNA (EXCEED) cohort is a population-based cohort (N>11,000), recruited from 2013 in Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland. EXCEED includes consent for electronic healthcare record (EHR) linkage, spirometry, genomic data, and questionnaire data. Methods: Between May 2020 and July 2021, a new questionnaire was deployed in EXCEED, which captured COVID-19 symptoms, general physical and mental health, plus socioeconomic and environmental factors during the pandemic. An online system was developed to invite new participants to join EXCEED, with informed consent being provided online. New and existing participants then completed the COVID-19 questionnaire online. A subset of the new questionnaire respondents were invited to participate in COVID-19 serology substudies, using home antibody testing kits. Results: In total, 3,693 participants provided COVID-19 infection status (median age 62.9 (IQR 54.7-69.2), 58.9% female). Trends of monthly incidence proportions of COVID-19 in EXCEED (self-report or symptom-predicted) approximated local and national figures. Regression analysis of 2,768 participants with linked EHR data showed no obvious monotonic relationship between number of chronic diseases (of 16 pre-specified diseases) and COVID-19 infection. There were 2,144 participants with valid results from a kit allowing differentiation between antibodies due to vaccination or infection. Of these, 8.5% had results consistent with previous COVID-19 infection, and 85.9% had evidence of COVID-19 vaccination, but without evidence of infection. Conclusions: Enriching EXCEED with a new COVID-19 questionnaire and serology data may improve understanding of the risk factors, clinical sequelae and broader impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. Controlled access to these data for bona fide researchers is via application to the EXCEED study.
Semiotic Essence of Linguistic Ambiguity in the German Poetic Discourse of the XXI Century
Authors: Dacko D. 
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the problem of the phenomenon of linguistic ambiguity and methods of its resolution in the context of modern German poetic texts, as well as possible communication failures associated with differences in the sociocultural characteristics of the author and recipient. In particular, there are illustrations of ambiguity of the entire poem, when the analyzed concept has a dualistic origin and certain linguo-stylistic means; lexical ambiguity, which main mechanisms are a language game, polysemantic words, chains of key lexical items, allusions; syntactic ambiguity, that is realized through special punctuation and two-way communication, that allowed two different interpretations of the sentence. In addition, the German poetic text is characterized by temporary and permanent types of ambiguity.
As part of the study, it was found that the phenomenon of ambiguity can be resolved due to contextual peculiarities, and situations of communicative failure can be avoided by an increase of the level of linguistic and intercultural competence.
Employee Turnover and Firm Performance: Large-Sample Archival Evidence
Authors: Li Qin , Lourie Ben , Nekrasov Alexander , Shevlin Terry 
Published: December 2021

Employee turnover is a significant cost for businesses and a key human capital metric, but firms do not disclose this measure. We examine whether turnover is informative about future firm performance using a large panel of turnover data extracted from employees’ online profiles. We find that turnover is negatively associated with future financial performance (one-quarter ahead return on assets and sales growth). The negative association between turnover and future performance is stronger for small firms, for young firms, for firms with low labor intensity, when the local labor market is tight, and when the firm is trying to replace departing employees. The negative association disappears when turnover is very low, suggesting that a certain amount of turnover can be beneficial. Consistent with the concern that turnover increases operational uncertainty, we find a positive association between turnover and the uncertainty of future financial performance. Finally, we find a significant association between turnover and future stock returns, suggesting that investors do not fully incorporate turnover information. Our findings answer the call from the Securities and Exchange Commission to determine the importance of turnover disclosure. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
N-polar InGaN nanowires: breaking the efficiency bottleneck of nano and micro LEDs
Authors: Liu Xianhe , Sun Yi , Malhotra Yakshita , Pandey Ayush , Wang Ping , Wu Yuanpeng , Sun Kai , Mi Zetian 
Published: December 2021

The efficiency of conventional quantum well light-emitting diodes (LEDs) decreases drastically with reducing areal size. Here we show that such a critical size scaling issue of LEDs can be addressed by utilizing N-polar InGaN nanowires. We studied the epitaxy and performance characteristics of N-polar InGaN nanowire LEDs grown on sapphire substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. A maximum external quantum efficiency

∼
11
%

was measured for LEDs with lateral dimensions as small as 750 nm directly on wafer without any packaging. The effect of electron overflow and Auger recombination on the device performance is also studied. This work provides a viable approach for achieving high-efficiency nano and micro LEDs that were not previously possible.
High-sensitivity integrated SiN rib-waveguide long period grating refractometer
Authors: Deleau Clement , Seat Han Cheng , Bernal Olivier , Surre Frederic 
Published: December 2021

In this research, we demonstrate a high-sensitivity integrated silicon nitride long period grating (LPG) refractometer based on a rib waveguide with sinusoidally modulated width. While integrated LPG architectures typically achieve ultrahigh sensitivity only over a narrow optical bandwidth using a phase-matching turning-point optimization technique, our sensor exhibits a very high refractometric sensitivity that was designed to remain constant over a broad operational optical spectral bandwidth. The proposed design method relies on multi-modal dispersion tailoring that consists of homogenizing the spectral behaviors of both group and effective indices of the coupling modes. Experimental results are in agreement with numerical simulations, demonstrating not only a sensitivity reaching 11,500 nm/RIU but, more significantly, also that this sensitivity remains almost constant over a broad spectral range of at least 100 nm around 1550 nm. Additional advantages of the proposed sensor architecture encompass a low temperature sensitivity, down to −0.15 nm/K, and simplicity of the fabrication process. These results demonstrate the feasibility of chip-scale photonic integration to achieve both high sensitivity and large dynamic range of the proposed refractometer.
ACCU3RATE: A mobile health application rating scale based on user reviews
Authors: Biswas Milon , Tania Marzia Hoque , Kaiser M. Shamim , Kabir Russell , Mahmud Mufti , Kemal Atika Ahmad 
Published: December 2021

Background
Over the last decade, mobile health applications (mHealth App) have evolved exponentially to assess and support our health and well-being.

Objective
This paper presents an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled mHealth app rating tool, called ACCU3RATE, which takes multidimensional measures such as user star rating, user review and features declared by the developer to generate the rating of an app. However, currently, there is very little conceptual understanding on how user reviews affect app rating from a multi-dimensional perspective. This study applies AI-based text mining technique to develop more comprehensive understanding of user feedback based on several important factors, determining the mHealth app ratings.

Method
Based on the literature, six variables were identified that influence the mHealth app rating scale. These factors are user star rating, user text review, user interface (UI) design, functionality, security and privacy, and clinical approval. Natural Language Toolkit package is used for interpreting text and to identify the App users’ sentiment. Additional considerations were accessibility, protection and privacy, UI design for people living with physical disability. Moreover, the details of clinical approval, if exists, were taken from the developer’s statement. Finally, we fused all the inputs using fuzzy logic to calculate the new app rating score.

Results and conclusions
ACCU3RATE concentrates on heart related Apps found in the play store and App gallery. The findings indicate the efficacy of the proposed method as opposed to the current device scale. This study has implications for both App developers and consumers who are using mHealth Apps to monitor and track their health. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed mHealth scale has shown excellent reliability as well as internal consistency of the scale, and high inter-rater reliability index. It has also been noticed that the fuzzy based rating scale, as in ACCU3RATE, matches more closely to the rating performed by experts.
Studying how state health services delivery policies can mitigate the effects of disasters on drug addiction treatment and overdose: Protocol for a mixed-methods study
Authors: Eisenberg Matthew D. , McCourt Alexander , Stuart Elizabeth A. , Rutkow Lainie , Tormohlen Kayla N. , Fingerhood Michael I. , Quintero Luis , White Sarah A. , McGinty Emma Elizabeth 
Published: December 2021

Background
The United States is experiencing a drug addiction and overdose crisis, made worse by the COVID-19 pandemic. Relative to other types of health services, addiction treatment and overdose prevention services are particularly vulnerable to disaster-related disruptions for multiple reasons including fragmentation from the general medical system and stigma, which may lead decisionmakers and providers to de-prioritize these services during disasters. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. states implemented multiple policies designed to mitigate disruptions to addiction treatment and overdose prevention services, for example policies expanding access to addiction treatment delivered via telehealth and policies designed to support continuity of naloxone distribution programs. There is limited evidence on the effects of these policies on addiction treatment and overdose. This evidence is needed to inform state policy design in future disasters, as well as to inform decisions regarding whether to sustain these policies post-pandemic.

Methods
The overall study uses a concurrent-embedded design. Aims 1–2 use difference-in-differences analyses of large-scale observational databases to examine how state policies designed to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health services delivery influenced addiction treatment delivery and overdose during the pandemic. Aim 3 uses a qualitative embedded multiple case study approach, in which we characterize local implementation of the state policies of interest; most public health disaster policies are enacted at the state level but implemented at the local level by healthcare systems and local public health authorities.

Discussion
Triangulation of results across methods will yield robust understanding of whether and how state disaster-response policies influenced drug addiction treatment and overdose during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results will inform policy enactment and implementation in future public health disasters. Results will also inform decisions about whether to sustain COVID-19 pandemic-related changes to policies governing delivery addiction and overdose prevention services long-term.
Alu element in the RNA binding motif protein, X-linked 2 (RBMX2) gene found to be linked to bipolar disorder
Authors: Laine Pia , Rowell William J. , Paulin Lars , Kujawa Steve , Raterman Denise , Mayhew George , Wendt Jennifer , Burgess Daniel L. , Partonen Timo , Paunio Tiina , Auvinen Petri , Ekholm Jenny M. 
Published: December 2021

Objective
We have used long-read single molecule, real-time (SMRT) sequencing to fully characterize a ~12Mb genomic region on chromosome Xq24-q27, significantly linked to bipolar disorder (BD) in an extended family from a genetic sub-isolate. This family segregates BD in at least four generations with 24 affected individuals.

Methods
We selected 16 family members for targeted sequencing. The selected individuals either carried the disease haplotype, were non-carriers of the disease haplotype, or served as married-in controls. We designed hybrid capture probes enriching for 5-9Kb fragments spanning the entire 12Mb region that were then sequenced to screen for candidate structural variants (SVs) that could explain the increased risk for BD in this extended family.

Results
Altogether, 201 variants were detected in the critically linked region. Although most of these represented common variants, three variants emerged that showed near-perfect segregation among all BD type I affected individuals. Two of the SVs were identified in or near genes belonging to the RNA Binding Motif Protein, X-Linked (RBMX) gene family—a 330bp Alu (subfamily AluYa5) deletion in intron 3 of the RBMX2 gene and an intergenic 27bp tandem repeat deletion between the RBMX and G protein-coupled receptor 101 (GPR101) genes. The third SV was a 50bp tandem repeat insertion in intron 1 of the Coagulation Factor IX (F9) gene.

Conclusions
Among the three genetically linked SVs, additional evidence supported the Alu element deletion in RBMX2 as the leading candidate for contributing directly to the disease development of BD type I in this extended family.
Circulating miR-147b as a diagnostic marker for patients with bacterial sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Trung Ngo Tat , Lien Tran Thi , Sang Vu Viet , Hoan Nghiem Xuan , Manh Nguyen Dang , Thau Nguyen Sy , Quyen Dao Thanh , Hien Tran Thi Thu , Hoan Phan Quoc , Bang Mai Hong , Velavan Thirumalaisamy P. , Song Le Huu 
Published: December 2021

Background
Early diagnosis, precise antimicrobial treatment and subsequent patient stratification can improve sepsis outcomes. Circulating biomarkers such as plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) have proven to be surrogates for diagnosis, severity and case management of infections. The expression of four selected miRNAs (miR-146-3p, miR-147b, miR-155 and miR-223) was validated for their prognostic and diagnostic potential in a clinically defined cohort of patients with sepsis and septic shock.

Methods
The expression of plasma miRNAs was quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in patients with bacterial sepsis (n = 78), in patients with septic shock (n = 52) and in patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF; n = 69) and in healthy controls (n = 82).

Results
The expression of studied miRNA was significantly increased in patients with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. The plasma miR-147b was able to differentiate bacterial sepsis from non-sepsis and septic shock (AUC = 0.77 and 0.8, respectively, p≤ 0.05), while the combination of plasma miR-147b and procalcitonin (PCT) predicted septic shock (AUC = 0.86, p≤ 0.05).

Conclusions
The plasma miR-147b may be an useful biomarker independently or in combination with PCT to support clinical diagnosis of sepsis and equally prognosis of patients with septic shock.
Why do women attend antenatal care but give birth at home? a qualitative study in a rural Ghanaian District
Authors: Alatinga Kennedy A. , Affah Jennifer , Abiiro Gilbert Abotisem 
Published: December 2021

Background
The Sustainable Development Goal Three has prioritised reducing maternal, under-5 and neonatal mortalities as core global health policy objectives. The place, where expectant mothers choose to deliver their babies has a direct effect on maternal health outcomes. In sub-Saharan Africa, existing literature has shown that some women attend antenatal care during pregnancy but choose to deliver their babies at home. Using the Andersen and Newman Behavioural Model, this study explored the institutional and socio-cultural factors motivating women to deliver at home after attending antenatal care.

Methods
A qualitative, exploratory, cross-sectional design was deployed. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 23 women, who attended antenatal care during pregnancy but delivered their babies at home, 10 health workers and 17 other community-level stakeholders. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed.

Results
In line with the Andersen and Newman Model, the study discovered that traditional and religious belief systems about marital fidelity and the role of the gods in childbirth, myths about consequences of facility-based delivery, illiteracy, and weak women’s autonomy in healthcare decision-making, predisposed women to home delivery. Home delivery was also enabled by inadequate midwives at health facilities, the unfriendly attitude of health workers, hidden charges for facility-based delivery, and long distances to healthcare facilities. The fear of caesarean section, also created the need for women who attended antenatal care to deliver at home.

Conclusion
The study has established that socio-cultural and institutional level factors influenced women’s decisions to deliver at home. We recommend a general improvement in the service delivery capacity of health facilities, and the implementation of collaborative educational and women empowerment programmes by stakeholders, to strengthen women’s autonomy and reshape existing traditional and religious beliefs facilitating home delivery.
Prevenção quinquenária na unidade de terapia intensiva em época de pandemia
Authors: Souza Laurindo Pereira , Rosa Silva Maria Luiza Alvarez , Piassi Siqueira Rasna 
Published: December 2021

A prevenção quinquenária é o meio de prevenir o dano para o paciente, atuando nos profissionais de saúde no sentido de evitar fenômenos como o burnout. Objetivou-se descrever a importância da prevenção quinquenária na saúde dos profissionais que atuam na linha de frente às vítimas da COVID-19 em unidade de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo análise reflexiva narrativa explorada no mês de fevereiro a março de 2021 nas bases de dados Pubmed, Lilacs e SciELO e literatura cinzenta. Os resultados do estudo mostraram aumento do número de casos e óbitos decorrentes de COVID-19 no Brasil, onde os números alarmantes contribuíram para alteração do aspecto psicológico dos profissionais envolvidos, tornando-se mais abalados e fragilizados, sendo essencial a implementação de estratégias voltadas a prevenção quinquenária a fim de evitar danos ao paciente. Conclui-se que a prevenção quinquenária e o burnout tem conceitos diferentes, e que ações bem planejadas necessitam serem implementadas agindo diretamente nos profissionais da saúde em seu contexto biopsicossocial podem modificar a relação destes profissionais quanto a atenção/cuidado e consequentemente influenciando no desfecho da saúde dos pacientes.
Atypical ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Presentation in Patients With COVID-19 at a High-Volume Center in New York City
Authors: Alvarez Villela Miguel A. , Alkhalil Ahmad , Weinreich Michael A. , Koslowsky Jonathan , Aoi Shunsuke , Latib M. Azeem 
Published: December 2021

Atypical presentations of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been reported in patients who have COVID-19. We have seen this occurrence in our center in Bronx, New York, where multitudes of patients sought treatment for the coronavirus. We studied the prevalence of atypical STEMI findings among patients with COVID-19 who presented during the first 2 months of the pandemic.
Consistent with previous reports, 4 of our 10 patients with COVID-19 and STEMI had no identifiable culprit coronary lesion; rather, they often had diffuse ST-segment elevations on surface electrocardiograms along with higher levels of D-dimer and inflammatory markers. In contrast, 32 of 33 patients without COVID-19 (97%) had a culprit lesion. The patients with COVID-19 and a culprit lesion more often needed thrombectomy catheterization and administration of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors.
Our study confirms that patients with COVID-19 often have atypical STEMI presentations, including the frequent absence of a culprit coronary lesion. Our findings can help clinicians prepare for these atypical clinical presentations.
Correlation between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score (NFS) with Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI) in patients with NAFLD
Authors: Rachmatullah Tri Ferry , Permatadewi Cecilia Oktaria , Hutami Hesti Triwahyu , Limantoro Charles , Purnomo, MD, PhD Hery Djagat 
Published: December 2021

Background: Cardiovascular-related mortality is a major concern in NAFLD. Advanced fibrosis was known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS) is used to identify the development of liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) is a sign of subclinical cardiovascular complications in NAFLD. The correlation between NAFLD fibrosis score with LVMI in NAFLD patients is not fully established.Objective: To analyze the correlation between NAFLD fibrosis score with LVMI in NAFLD patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study of NAFLD patients in Kariadi Hospital Indonesia. NFS was done using a formula based on clinical and biochemical parameters. LVMI was measured with echocardiography. Pearson’s, Mann-Whitney, and logistic regression were used for analysis.Results: A total of 64 patients with primary NAFLD were enrolled, 54.7% males and 45.3% females. Mean age was 52,8 ± 10,5 years (30-77 years). Based on NFS criteria, high probability group was the highest (50%), followed by intermediate probability group (34,4%) and low probability group (15,6%). Highest increase in LVMI was obtained in the high probability group (93,8%), followed by intermediate probability (59,1%), and low probability group (10%) respectively. There was significant correlation between NFS and LVMI (P 0,002). Logistic regression showed that NFS has a more significant correlation with LVMI compared to gender (P=0,002).Conclusion: NFS is a non‐invasive liver fibrosis scores which independently corelated with Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), a marker of cardiovascular abnormality.