bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Integrated Multi-Omics Data Analysis to Identify 5-gene Signature for Predicting Survival of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Rulin , Wu Junyi , Zhao Yingying , Quan Heng , Xia Dongge , Niu Ziguang , Xu Xiang , Liu Xiaolei , Wu Jun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Due to the poor prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presently, a systemic analysis supported by the multi-omics data is extremely necessary to search for gene markers for the clinical prognostic prediction of HCC. The data on RNA-seq, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and copy number variation (CNV), etc. were downloaded from TCGA, leading to a final of 367 samples, which were divided into training set and testing set randomly. In the training set, both prognosis-related genes and those with SNP or CNV were screened, which were incorporated for feature selection using the random forest method. The testing and GEO verification sets (N = 265) were used to verify the constructed gene-related prognosis model. qPCR was used to detect the expression of 5 genes in clinical specimens. After including genomic variant and prognosis-related genes, we got 78 candidate genes and 5 feature genes (CISH, LHPP, MGMT, PDRG1, and LCAT) eventually through random forest feature selection. The 5-gene signature is an independent prognostic risk factor for HCC patients. In addition, the signature shows good predicting performance and clinical practicality in train- ing set, testing set and external verification set. The results of qPCR based on clinical samples showed that the expression of PDRG1 was increased in colon cancer tissues and the expression of CISH, LHPP, MGMT and LCAT were decreased in colon cancer tissues. We identify the ability of 5-gene signature to serve as an innovative marker of survival prediction for patients with HCC.
The Incidence and Outcomes of Healthcare-associated Respiratory Tract Infections in Non-ventilated Neurocritical Care Patients: Results of a 10-year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ershova Ksenia , Savin Ivan , Khomenko Oleg , Wong Darren , Danilov Gleb , Shifrin Michael , Sokolova Ekaterina , O'Reilly-Shah Vikas N , Lele Abhijit V. , Ershova Olga 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background. The incidence of healthcare-associated respiratory tract infections in non-ventilated patients (NVA-HARTI) in neurosurgical intensive care units (ICU) is unknown. The impact of NVA-HARTI on patient outcomes and differences between NVA-HARTI and ventilator-associated healthcare-associated respiratory tract infections (VA-HARTI) are poorly understood. Our objectives were to report the incidence, hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and mortality in neurosurgical ICU and compare these characteristics between NVA- and VA-HARTI.Methods. This prospective cohort study was conducted in a neurosurgical ICU in Moscow from 2011 to 2020. All patients with ICU LOS >48h were included. Time trends were analyzed for all outcomes. A competing risk model was used for survival and risk analysis.Results. A total of 3,937 ICU admissions were analyzed. NVA-HARTI vs VA-HARTI results were: cumulative incidence 7.2 (6.4-8.0) vs 15.4 (14.2-16.5) per 100 ICU admissions, incidence rate 4.2±2.0 vs 9.5±3.0 per 1000 patient-days in the ICU, median LOS 32 [21; 48.5] vs 46 [28; 76.5] days, median ICU LOS 15 [10; 28.75] vs 26 [17; 43] days, and mortality rates 12.3% (7.9-16.8) vs 16.7% (13.6-19.7). The incidence of VA-HARTI decreased in ten years while NVA-HARTI incidence did not change. VA-HARTI was found to be an independent risk factor of death, odds ratio 1.54 (1.11-2.14), p-value=0.009 while NVA-HARTI was not.Conclusion. Our findings suggest that NVA-HARTI in neurosurgical ICU patients represents a significant healthcare burden with relatively high incidence and associated poor outcomes. NVA-HARTI appeared to be different from VA-HARTI and persisted despite preventive measures; therefore, extrapolating VA-HARTI research findings to NVA-HARTI should be avoided.
CoQ10 Enhances the Efficacy of Airway Basal Stem Cell Transplantation on Bleomycin-induced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Liu Huanbin , Zhang Yidi , Jiang Jinjun , Luo Yulong , Zhao Jingxin , Xu Jian , Xie Yuan , Liao Weiping , Wang Wei , Nie Yichu , Li Shiyue , Deng Wenbin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that airway basal stem cells (BCs) transplantation can ameliorate bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) through lung regeneration promotion. However, BCs under oxidative stress in the alveolar microenvironment are poor in survival, causing unsatisfied efficacy of BCs transplantation. In this study, we investigated whether Coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) counteracts oxidative stress in the alveolar microenvironment, thus improved the efficacy of BCs transplantation for IPF treatment.Methods: The protective effects of CoQ10 on H2O2-induced BCs apoptosis and cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were tested by flow cytometry in vitro. The therapeutic effects of BCs combined with CoQ10 were compared to a single BCs transplantation protocol in IPF treatment after two weeks and were evaluated by parameters including changes of body weight and survival rate, as well as various levels of pulmonary inflammation, α-SMA expression and hydroxyproline (HYP) in IPF mice lung tissues.Results: CoQ 10 preincubation with BCs (10 mM, 24 h) significantly reduced the late apoptosis of BCs and the number of oxidative stressful BCs as a result of H2O2 stimulation (1mM, 6h) in vitro. IPF mice models were constructed through bleomycin (5 mg/Kg) intratracheal instillation. Bleomycin-induced IPF mice showed weight loss continuously and mortality increased progressively during modeling. Serious pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen fiber proliferation, and collagen protein deposition were observed in lung tissues of IPF mice. Though BCs transplantation alone improved indicators above in bleomycin-induced IPF mice to some extent, the combination with CoQ10 improved the transplantation efficacy and obtained better therapeutic effects.Conclusion：CoQ10 blocked H2O2-induced apoptosis of BCs and ROS production in vitro, and enhanced the efficacy of BCs transplantation on bleomycin-induced IPF in mice.
Increased Climate Pressure on the New Agricultural Frontier in the Eastern Amazonia-Cerrado Transition Zone
Authors: Marengo José A. , Jimenez Juan C. , Espinoza Jhan-Carlo , Cunha Ana Paula , Aragão Luiz E. O. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Several large-scale drivers of both anthropogenic and natural environmental changes are interacting nonlinearly in the transition zone between eastern Amazonia and the adjacent Cerrado, considered to be the new Brazilian agricultural frontier. Land-use change for agrobusiness expansion together with climate change in the transition zone between eastern Amazonia and the adjacent Cerrado may have induced a worsening of severe drought conditions over the last decade. The largest warming and drying trends observed over tropical South America during the last four decades are found to be precisely in this eastern Amazonia-Cerrado transition region, where they induce delayed wet-season onset. Here we show that the largest warming and drying trends over tropical South America during the last four decades are observed to be precisely in the eastern Amazonia-Cerrado transition region, with a worsening of severe drought conditions over the last decade. Our results evidence an increase in temperature, vapor pressure deficit, subsidence, dry-day frequency, and a decrease in precipitation, humidity, and evaporation, plus a delay in the onset of the wet season, inducing a higher risk of fire during the dry-to-wet transition season. These findings provide observational evidence of the increasing climatic pressure in this area, which is sensitive for global food security, and the need to reconcile agricultural expansion and protection of natural tropical biomes.
Review Adult Upper-limb Forearm Cystic Lymphangioma (Cystic Hygroma): A Case Report
Authors: Cui Kai , Zhu Yingkang , Lu Fatai , Wang Rui , Zhang Haifei , Liu Zunpeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Cystic lymphangioma that is the most common type of lymphangioma, but it rarely occurs in the forearm. It may show localized invasive behavior, but is benign. Case presentation: A 42-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because she had discovered a right forearm mass approximately 3 years earlier.Ultrasound had shown a subcutaneous hypoechoic strip on the right forearm (nature to be determined). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed characteristics of a lymphangioma with irregular strips, and surrounding irregular small blood vessels showed hypointensity or isointensity relative to the T1-weighted imaging (WI) signals for nearby muscle and hyperintensity on T2WI.Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining showed a dilated cystic space lined with flat endothelial cells, and the cyst wall was rich in mature lymphocytes, smooth muscle, and irregular fatty small cysts.Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of monoclonal antibody D2-40–labeled cystic lymphangioma endothelial cells was performed and showed focal expression of D2-40.Conclusions: The atypicality of clinical symptoms and imaging findings makes preoperative diagnosis difficult, so histological examination is necessary for the diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma. At present, if the disease affects the function or appearance of the body, the ideal treatment is radical resection to reduce recurrence. Incomplete resection causes relapse of the disease.
Pulmonary eosinophilia may indicate onset stage of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: miki mari , Tsujino Kazuyuki , Kawasaki Takahiro , Kuge Tomoki , Yamamoto Yuji , Matuki Takanori , Miki Keisuke , Kida Hiroshi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) both display peripheral eosinophilia and pulmonary infiltration, a condition described as pulmonary eosinophilia, and differentiation is sometimes problematic. This study therefore examined the distinctions between ABPA with and without CEP-like shadows.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study from a single center included 25 outpatients (median age, 65 years) with ABPA diagnosed between April 2015 and March 2019 using criteria proposed by the International Society of Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM). Patients were assigned to either the eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) group or Non-EP group, defined according to findings on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). The EP group included patients with HRCT findings compatible with CEP; i.e., the presence of peripheral consolidation (p-consolidation) or ground-glass opacities (GGO), with no evidence of high-attenuation mucus. The Non-EP group comprised the remaining patients, who showed classical findings of ABPA such as mucoid impaction. Differences between the groups were analyzed.
Results
Baseline characteristics, frequency of a history of CEP (EP, 50% vs. Non-EP, 26%) and tentative diagnosis of CEP (67% vs. 16%) did not differ significantly between groups. Although elevated absolute eosinophil count and Aspergillus-specific immunoglobulin E titers did not differ significantly between groups, the Non-EP group showed a strong positive correlation between these values (R = 0.7878, p = 0.0003). The Non-EP group displayed significantly higher levels of the fungal marker beta-D glucan (median, 11.7 pg/ml; interquartile range, 6.7–18.4 pg/ml) than the EP group (median, 6.6 pg/ml; interquartile range, 5.2–9.3 pg/ml). Both groups exhibited frequent recurrence of shadows on X-rays but no cases in the EP group had progressed to the Non-EP group at the time of relapse.
Conclusions
The ABPA subgroup with imaging findings resembling CEP experienced frequent recurrences, as in typical ABPA. In pulmonary eosinophilia, even if there are no shadows indicating apparent mucous change, the Aspergillus-specific immunoglobulin E level is important in obtaining an accurate diagnosis and in the selection of appropriate therapies for this type of ABPA.
Association of regular leisure-time physical activity with self-reported body mass index and obesity risk among middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Yun-Tsung , Lee Po-Fu , Lin Chi-Fang , Chang Andy , Chung Yu-Chun , Ho Chien-Chang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Through this study, we aimed to determine the association of regular leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with self-reported body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk among middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study and reviewed the data derived from the Taiwan’s National Physical Activity Survey (TNPAS). Responses from 12,687 participants aged 45–108 years from the database were collected in this study. All participants completed a standardized, structured questionnaire that solicitated information regarding their demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, occupation, and self-reported health status), physical activity behaviors (regular/nonregular LTPA), and self-reported anthropometrics (height, weight, and BMI). Multiple linear and logistic regression were used to examine the association between regular LTPA and BMI as well as between regular LTPA and obesity status, respectively.
Results
Regular LTPA was associated with a male preponderance, normal weight, excellent or good self-reported health status, and a lower rate of underweight compared with nonregular LTPA. Regular LTPA was significant negatively associated with underweight (OR = 0.71, p < 0.05), whereas it had no significant relationship with BMI and obesity (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Regular LTPA was associated with a reduced risk of underweight among middle-aged and elderly adults in Taiwan. Further research on the relevant mechanism underlying this phenomenon is warranted.
Combination of Treosulfan, Fludarabine and Cytarabine as Conditioning in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Henderson Samantha O'Hagan , Frietsch Jochen J , Hilgendorf Inken , Hochhaus Andreas , Köhne Claus-Henning , Casper Jochen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Treosulfan and fludarabine (Treo/Flu) were successfully introduced into toxicity-reduced conditioning for SCT. However, the risk of post-SCT relapse remains a matter of concern. We report the results of a novel individual treatment approach with Treo/Flu and cytarabine (Treo/Flu/AraC) conditioning prior to allogeneic SCT in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).Seventy-seven patients (median age 54 years) at high risk of disease relapse due to unfavourable cytogenetics or failure to achieve complete remission prior to SCT were included. Median follow-up was 3.2 years. One-, two- and three-year RFS rates were 47.5%, 40.7%, and 37.3% and OS rates were 59.3%, 49.3%, and 45.4%, respectively. Cumulative incidence of NRM was 10% at 100 days, 18.8% at one year and 20.1% at two years. The cumulative incidence of relapse increased from 34% at one year to 41% after three years. The cumulative incidences of engraftment, chimerism, Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) and toxicities were acceptable and comparable with similar patients conditioned with Treo/Flu or FLAMSA-RIC. In conclusion, Treo/Flu/AraC provides tolerable, feasible and effective conditioning for patients with AML, MDS or MPN, even in advanced disease states. The incidence of NRM and relapse is acceptable in this heavily pre-treated population with high-risk disease. Future research will aim to confirm these initial findings and include a larger number of participants in a prospective trial.
How Do Patients and Physicians Perceive Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) As a Disease? Results From Indian Analysis of ITP World Impact Survey (I-WISh)
Authors: Chakrabarti Prantar , George Biju , Shanmukhaiah Chandrakala , Sharma Lalit Mohan , Udupi Shashank , Ghanima Waleed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is primarily considered a bleeding disorder; its impact on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is under-recognized. We aimed to assess how aligned patient and physician perceptions are regarding ITP-associated symptoms, HRQoL, and disease management in India.Methods: Patients and physicians (hematologists/hemato-oncologists) from India who participated in the global ITP World Impact Survey (I-WISh) were included in this subgroup analysis (survey).Results: A total of 65 patients and 21 physicians were included in this study. Average disease duration from diagnosis-to-survey-completion was 5.3 years. The most severe symptoms reported by patients at diagnosis were menorrhagia (15/19;79%), anxiety surrounding unstable platelet counts (17/28;61%), and fatigue (27/46;59%); these were also the key symptoms they wanted to be resolved. In contrast, physicians perceived petechiae (19/21;90%), bleeding-from-gums [(8/21;86%), and purpura (16/21;76%) as the most common symptoms. While the important treatment goals for patients were healthy blood counts (42/65;65%), improved QoL (35/65;54%), and prevention of worsening of ITP (33/65;51%), physicians’ goals were reduction in spontaneous bleeding (17/21;81%]), better QoL (14/21;67%]), and symptom improvement (9/21;43%). More than half the patients reported that ITP affected their work life/studies, social life, and energy levels, thereby negatively impacting their QoL. Patients were almost entirely dependent on family and friends for support.Conclusions: This survey highlights the substantial discrepancy in patients’ and physicians’ perceptions regarding ITP-associated symptoms and treatment goals in India. Educating physicians on aspects of ITP beyond bleeding, and highlighting patients’ under-recognized symptoms/needs through support-systems may bring about a meaningful change.
The participation in leisure activities and the quality of life of people with psychosis in England: A multi-site cross-sectional study
Authors: Ngamaba Kayonda Hubert , Webber Martin , Xanthopoulou Penny , Chevalier Agnes , Giacco Domenico 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Leisure activities can improve the quality of life in the general population. For people with psychosis, negative symptoms are often a barrier to engaging in leisure social activities. However, we do not know if participation in leisure activities is associated with quality of life in this group and whether psychosocial interventions should aim to increase leisure activities amongst people with psychosis.
Aim

This study aims to investigate whether participation in leisure activities is associated with better quality of life of people with psychosis in England.
Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 6 NHS community mental health trusts. Adults aged 18–65 (N = 533) with a diagnosis of psychosis-related condition (ICD-10 F20-29) were recruited from outpatient secondary mental health services. Several measures were used: Time Use Survey (TUS), Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were conducted.
Results

Participation in at least one leisure activity in the last 7 days was reported by the majority of participants (n = 480, 90%). The average number of weekly leisure activities they attended was M = 2.42 (SE = 0.06). Participants’ quality of life increased with the number of leisure activities they attended. After controlling for socio-demographic factors, participation in leisure activities was positively associated with quality of life in people with psychosis (b = 0.083, SE = 0.035, p = 0.019, 95% CI [0.013 to 0.153]). We found a gender difference: For Males, the association between attendance in leisure activities and quality of life is significantly positive; b = 0.132, SE = 0.041, p = 0.002, 95% CI [0.050 to 0.213]. For females: the association between attendance in leisure activities and quality of life was no significant.
Conclusion

People with psychosis who attend more leisure activities have a higher quality of life. Quality of life was higher amongst males who attended leisure activities. Intervention which helps improve participation in leisure activities may be beneficial for people with psychosis.
Foliar Water Uptake in the Needles of Pinus Torreyana
Authors: Tianshi Emily , Chau Pao C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In semi-arid climate systems that encounter low clouds or fog, many plants have adapted to capture atmospheric moisture on the foliar surface. The natural habitat of Pinus torreyana, the Torrey pine, is restricted to two locales in coastal Southern California that experience substantial fog and low clouds during the dry months of a Mediterranean climate. In this study, droplet contact angles were used to assess surface wettability, and droplet uptake was used to measure the foliar water uptake rate along a needle. We demonstrated that there are only remnants of epicuticular wax on the needle. The results showed that the needle surface of P. torreyana, including under the base sheath, is hydrophilic and capable of direct water uptake. There are small spatial gradients in the uptake pattern, but the variability is high and the statistical significance is not strong. However, the decrease in uptake at higher contact angles can be described by an ordinary linear regression (r2 = 0.45, p = 4 x 10-8). On average, the foliar uptake of the adaxial surface of a one-year-old needle is 2.88 ± 0.60 x 10-2 mg cm–2s–1. In comparison, the uptake rates by the adaxial surfaces of four local broadleaf plants are between 0.05 and 0.6 of that of P. torreyana.
Microbial contribution to post-fire tundra ecosystem recovery over the 21st century
Authors: Bouskill Nicholas J. , Mekonnen Zelalem , Zhu Qing , Grant Robert , Riley William 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Tundra ecosystems have experienced an increased frequency of fire in recent decades, and this trend is predicted to continue throughout the 21st Century. Post-fire recovery is underpinned by complex interactions among microbial functional groups that drive nutrient cycling post-fire. Here we use a mechanistic model to demonstrate an acceleration of the nitrogen cycle post-fire driven by changes in niche space and microbial competitive dynamics. We show that over the first 5-years post-fire, fast-growing bacterial heterotrophs colonize regions of the soil previously occupied by slower-growing saprotrophic fungi. The bacterial heterotrophs mineralize organic matter, releasing organic and inorganic nutrients into the soil. This pathway outweighs new sources of nitrogen and facilitates the recovery of plant productivity. We broadly show here that while consideration of distinct microbial metabolisms related to carbon and nutrient cycling remains rare in terrestrial ecosystem models, they are important when considering the rate of ecosystem recovery post-disturbance and the feedback to soil nutrient cycles on centennial timescales.