bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal variational principles in the infinite-dimensional setting: Existence of minimizers
Authors: Langer Christoph 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe provide a method for constructing (possibly non-trivial) measures on non-locally compact Polish subspaces of infinite-dimensional separable Banach spaces which, under suitable assumptions, are minimizers of causal variational principles in the non-locally compact setting. Moreover, for non-trivial minimizers the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equations are derived. The method is to exhaust the underlying Banach space by finite-dimensional subspaces and to prove existence of minimizers of the causal variational principle restricted to these finite-dimensional subsets of the Polish space under suitable assumptions on the Lagrangian. This gives rise to a corresponding sequence of minimizers. Restricting the resulting sequence to countably many compact subsets of the Polish space, by considering the resulting diagonal sequence, we are able to construct a regular measure on the Borel algebra over the whole topological space. For continuous Lagrangians of bounded range, it can be shown that, under suitable assumptions, the obtained measure is a (possibly non-trivial) minimizer under variations of compact support. Under additional assumptions, we prove that the constructed measure is a minimizer under variations of finite volume and solves the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equations. Afterwards, we extend our results to continuous Lagrangians vanishing in entropy. Finally, assuming that the obtained measure is locally finite, topological properties of spacetime are worked out and a connection to dimension theory is established.
Grenzenlose Freizeit und Arbeit ohne Limit?
Authors: Landowski Mirjam , Mörike Frauke , Feufel Markus A. 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Studie beschäftigt sich mit der Entgrenzung von Arbeit im Arbeitsalltag von Gründer*innen und Mitarbeiter*innen in Berliner Start-ups. Dabei steht die Privatisierung von Arbeitszeit, also das Durchdringen des Arbeitsalltags mit Freizeitaktivitäten, im Zentrum der Betrachtung. Die Daten der Studie basieren auf einer zweiwöchigen ethnografischen Feldforschung in fünf Startups, bei der einzelne Akteur*innen jeweils mehrere Tage durch den Arbeitstag begleitet wurden. Die Ergebnisse skizzieren die individuellen Handlungen und Haltungen der Akteur*innen und zeigen, dass eine Privatisierung von Arbeitszeit ein fester Teil des gelebten Arbeitsalltags ist. Dabei lassen sich unterschiedliche Typen von Freizeithandeln beobachten, die meist durch stets verfügbare digitale Endgeräte wie Mobiltelefone initiiert werden. Durch die methodische Triangulation unterschiedlicher qualitativer Verfahren wird deutlich, dass das Grenzmanagement im Alltagshandeln eine nicht zu unterschätzende, aber oft unterschätzte Gestaltungsaufgabe für Gründer*innen und ihre Mitarbeitenden darstellt. Die Anwendung ethnografischer Methoden im Zusammenspiel mit einem analytischen Fokus auf Freizeitaktivitäten in der Arbeitszeit ermöglicht nicht nur ein mehrschichtiges Verständnis gelebten Alltagshandelns in Start-ups, sondern zeigt auch, dass die Privatisierung des Arbeitskontexts ein relevantes Phänomen darstellt, welches der weiteren Beachtung bedarf.
Silencing of LINC00707 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by modulating miR-338-3p/AHSA1 axis
Authors: Zhang Xiao-rong , Shao Jian-li , Li Heng , Wang Liang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary malignant tumor of the bone, with a high metastatic rate and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is important to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of osteosarcoma and explore new molecular therapeutic targets. Long intergenic nonprotein-coding RNA 707 (LINC00707) is an oncogenic gene in several cancers. In this study, we further clarified its role and regulatory mechanism in osteosarcoma. We found that LINC00707 levels are significantly higher in the osteosarcoma cell lines SW 1353, HOS, U-2 OS, MG-63, and Saos-2 compared to those in human fetal osteoblastic cell line hFOB1.19. LINC00707 silencing suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of MG-63 and Saos-2 cells. Moreover, LINC00707 can act as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-338-3p, and miR-338-3p inhibitor and AHSA1 overexpression alleviated the effect of LINC00707 silencing. In conclusion, we demonstrated high expression of LINC00707 in osteosarcoma cell lines and that silencing LINC00707 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting the miR-338-3p/AHSA1 axis in MG-63 and Saos-2 cells. These findings suggest that LINC00707 may serve as a potential target for osteosarcoma treatment.
Trace element concentrations in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf identified by morphology and DNA barcodes
Authors: Al-Adilah Hanan , Al-Bader Dhia , Elkotb Mohammed , Kosma Ioanna , Kumari Puja , Küpper Frithjof Christian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Even though seaweeds have been considered a nutrient-rich dietary source of minerals in other parts of the world, there is little knowledge about trace element accumulation in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf. The Arabian Gulf is of particular interest due to being an extreme environment, as it features some of the highest temperatures and salinities observed in any marine waters in the world. This study determined the minerals contents using inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 10 of the most common seaweeds of this region (Iyengaria stellata, Padina boergesenii, Chondria sp., Feldmannia indica, Codium papillatum, Sargassum aquifolium, Ulva chaugulii, Ulva tepida and Ulva sp.) supported by morphological and molecular (DNA barcode)-based identification. The finding of U. chaugulii reported here is a new record for Kuwait. Most of the seaweeds were rich in essential minerals including Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe and Zn and their contents were higher than those of other mineral-rich foods. Principal component analysis revealed species-specific distributions of minerals in seaweeds. U. tepida and I. stellata were found to be exceptionally rich in most of the macro- and trace elements along with low As and Se, and thus can be utilized for food and feed applications.
Intersubjectivity and Embodied Communication Systems
Authors: Gentilucci Maurizio , Gianelli Claudia , Campione Giovanna Cristina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Both intersubjectivity and embodied cognitive processes are based on mechanisms for sharing actions, common to the species. The evolution of spoken language and of communication systems in general are good examples of this. In the present review, we propose that, by a process of observation and imitation, the sharing of object-directed actions (i.e., transitive arm/hand actions) and their pantomimes could have been used to progressively construct communication systems capable of representing action meaning (i.e., their goals). Starting from this process of observation and imitation, humans may have constructed progressively more complex communication systems based on iconic and symbolic arm gestures. These communication systems may have gradually been translated into more specific, buccal, gesture-based systems that gave rise to spoken language. In support of these hypotheses, we report evidence showing that the execution and observation of transitive actions and their pantomimes affects the production of phonological units. We describe the effects of the production and observation of symbolic gestures on word pronunciation. Finally, we report evidence that these systems relating gesture to speech have neural correlates in neural circuits located in the frontal cortex, understood to be involved in spoken language..
The Social World Within Reach: Intersubjective Manifestations of Action Completion
Authors: Andrén Mats 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This is a study of the intersubjective recognizability of the ‘proper’ accomplishment of children’s actions: in particular, how the status of actions as properly completed is often actively made recognizable through speech and various modulations of bodily movement. In addition to analyzing how children do this in a number of cases, I argue that these manifestations of action completion are often strongly dependent on typified conventional knowledge, and that conventionality on the side of the signified is a neglected issue in gesture research. The data consists of video recordings of four Swedish children between 24-30 months of age who interact with their parents at home. The analysis is framed in ideas about intersubjectivity and action drawn from Alfred Schutz and Adam Kendon in particular, but also others. These theoretical syntheses are a substantial part of the contribution of this paper.
The ‘All-at-Onceness’ of Embodied, Faceto- Face Interaction
Authors: Quaeghebeur Liesbet 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Much has been written on the cognitive architecture behind verbal interaction, yet little is to be found about how language users successfully produce and understand multimodal expressions: i.e., face-to-face talk involving co-expressive and synchronized facial expressions, gesticulation, gaze, posture, and other bodily means of conveying information. I survey existing theories about this matter - mainly coming from gesture studies - and extend McNeill’s (1992, 2005) intrapersonal language-thought-hand nexus to the interpersonal realm: the speech/gesture unit does not transport thought from one mind into another; rather, embodied interactions constitute shared thoughts. Therefore - opposing the sender-receiver, coding-decoding picture - I argue for the ‘all-at-onceness’ of face-to-face interaction.
Enactivism & Social Cognition: In Search of the Whole Story
Authors: Bruin Leon de , Haan Sanneke de 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although the enactive approach has been very successful in explaining many basic social interactions in terms of embodied practices, there is still much work to be done when it comes to higher forms of social cognition. In this article, we discuss and evaluate two recent proposals by Shaun Gallagher and Daniel Hutto that try to bridge this ‘cognitive gap’ by appealing to the notion of narrative practice. Although we are enthusiastic about these proposals, we argue that (i) it is difficult to see them as continuous with the enactivist notion of direct coupling, and (ii) the failure to account for folk psychological action interpretation suggests that the enactive approach should adopt a broader notion of coupling.
Intersubjectivity at Close Quarters: How Dancers of Tango Argentino Use Imagery for Interaction and Improvisation
Authors: Kimmel Michael 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article explores the prerequisites of embodied ‘conversations’ in the improvisational pair dance tango
argentino. Tango has been characterized as a dialog of two bodies. Using first- and second-person phenomenological methods, I investigate the skills that enable two dancers to move as a super-individual ensemble, to communicate without time lag, and to feel the partner’s intention at every moment. How can two persons - walking in opposite directions and with partly different knowledge - remain in contact throughout, when every moment can be an invention? I analyze these feats through the lens of image schemas such as BALANCE, FORCE, PATH, and UP-DOWN (Johnson 1987). Technique-related discourse - with its use of didactic metaphor - abounds with image-schematic vectors, geometries, and construal operations like profiling. These enable the tango process: from posture, via walking technique and kinetics, to attention and contact skills. Dancers who organize their muscles efficiently - e.g., through core tension - and who respect postural ‘grammar’ - e.g., a good axis - enable embodied dialog by being receptive to their partners and being manoeuvrable. Super-individual imagery that defines ‘good’ states for a couple to stick to, along with relational attention management and kinetic calibration of joint walking, turns the dyad into a single action unit. My further objective is a micro-phenomenological analysis of joint improvisation. This requires a theory to explain dynamic sensing, the combining of repertory knowledge with this, and the managing of both in small increments. Dancers strategically sense action affordances (Gibson 1979) or recognize and exploit them on the fly. Dynamic routines allow them to negotiate workable configurations step-wise, assisted by their knowledge of node points where the elements of tango are most naturally connected and re-routed. The paper closes with general lessons to learn from these highly structured and embodied improvisational skills, especially regarding certain blind spots in current social cognition theory.
New races of rust pathogen on sunflower in Russia
Authors: Araslanova Nina , Antonova Tatiana , Lepeshko Ekaterina , Usatenko Tatiana , Saukova Svetlana , Iwebor Maria , Pitinova Yulya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Over the past two decades, there was observed a widespread of rust on sunflower in some regions of Russia. The identification of the racial structure of Puccinia helianthi populations in Russia has not been done since the early 80s of the last century. At that time, races 100 and 300 were identified. In our recent study, in addition to these races, new biotypes: 700, 710, 722, 772 were identified for the first time. The purpose of this study is to determine the racial identity of 160 P. helianthi isolates collected from 2018 to 2020 in the Rostov, Saratov, and Krasnodar regions. We used eight standard differentiating lines of sunflower: SM-90, SM 29, R-386, HАR-1, HАR-2, HAR-3, HAR-4, HAR-5. Sunflower variety VNIIMK 8883 was used as a differentiator susceptible to all races of the pathogen. In addition to the six races mentioned above, we identified 11 more new races for the first time: 304, 351, 352, 364, 704, 736, 740, 741, 745, 760, 762. Race 700 prevailed among the isolates collected in the Rostov region in 2020; we also identified single specimens of races 760, 762. Thus, 17 races of P. helianthi were found on sunflower in three regions of the Russian Federation. Other races may be also present here, so further research is required.
Twist angle dependent absorption feature induced by interlayer rotations in CVD bilayer graphene
Authors: Zhou Wen-Guang , Leng Yu-Chen , Liu Li-Xiang , Yang Ming-Ming , Liu Wei , Liu Jing-Lan , Zhao Pei , Liu Yi , Wang Long-Long , Shang Ya-Xuan , Li Xiao-Li , Zhao Xiao-Hui , Liu Xue-Lu , Xu Yang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bilayer graphene (BLG) grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) tends to exhibit twisted stacking. The twist angle θ
t in twisted BLG (tBLG) provides a new degree of freedom for engineering its electronic and optical properties. In this paper, we investigate the θ
t-dependent optical absorption in tBLG and deeply understand the electronic structure-optical properties correlations. New absorption peaks, whose wavelengths are modified by θ
t, are observed on the feature of optical contrast (OC) in tBLG. Under the corresponding energy excitation, the Raman G mode in tBLG exhibits a significant enhancement. Furthermore, the results of θ
t obtained by OC absorption peak are verified to be consistent with those by the Raman R mode. All these properties are proved to be related to the energy difference between low-energy Van Hove singularities (E
VHS) in the density of states of tBLGs. This work builds a relation between optical absorption and twist angle, providing a viable method to identifying twist angles in tBLGs.
Hrabanus Maurus’ Post-Patristic Renovation of 1 Maccabees 1:1–8
Authors: Djurslev Christian Thrue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this article, I examine Hrabanus Maurus’ exegesis of the opening verses of 1 Maccabees, which preserves a concise account of Alexander the Great’s career. My main goal is to demonstrate how Hrabanus reinterpreted the representation of the Macedonian king from 1 Maccabees. To this end, I employ transformation theory, which enables me to analyze the ways in which Hrabanus updated the meaning of the biblical text. I argue that Hrabanus turned the negative Maccabean narrative of Alexander into a positive representation that was attractive to contemporary readers. I support this argument by focusing on Hrabanus’ recourse to Latin sources, primarily the late antique authors Jerome, Orosius, and Justin, an epitomist of Roman history. I find that Hrabanus challenged Jerome’s interpretations, neutralized much of Orosius’ negative appraisal of Alexander, and amplified the laudatory passages of Justin, which generated a new image of the ancient king. The present article thus contributes to three fields: medieval exegesis of biblical texts, Carolingian reinterpretation of the patristic heritage, and the reception of Alexander the Great.
The Maternal Body as a Space: Examining the Visuality of Marian Pregnancy in Late Medieval Europe
Authors: Andal Aireen Grace 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This work offers a theoretically informed analysis of the characterization of maternity in religion using a spatial lens. The maternal body as a space is used as an analytical framework to discuss how Mary’s pregnancy is located and spatialized in Christianity. Through examining selected medieval Marian iconography, this work discusses what kind of space Mary’s body represents in the Christian doctrine. Analysis shows three central themes on the characterization of the maternal body as a space: (1) as a transitional space, (2) as a landmark, and (3) as a liminal space. The images of Marian pregnancy show that the maternal body is beyond its biological purpose in the Bible, but serves as a space that enables various interactions and spiritual events. The examination of Mary’s maternal body as a space offers an alternative perspective to discuss Mary’s character as a point of interface for Christian doctrines, biblical periods, and the Scriptures. In many ways, understanding Mary’s maternal body as a space speaks about the complexities and unveiled aspects of maternity’s role in religion. This work hopes to spark further discussions on how the maternal body intersects with spatiality in the context of religion.
Cell assembly formation and structure in a piriform cortex model
Authors: Traub Roger D. , Tu Yuhai , Whittington Miles A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The piriform cortex is rich in recurrent excitatory synaptic connections between pyramidal neurons. We asked how such connections could shape cortical responses to olfactory lateral olfactory tract (LOT) inputs. For this, we constructed a computational network model of anterior piriform cortex with 2000 multicompartment, multiconductance neurons (500 semilunar, 1000 layer 2 and 500 layer 3 pyramids; 200 superficial interneurons of two types; 500 deep interneurons of three types; 500 LOT afferents), incorporating published and unpublished data. With a given distribution of LOT firing patterns, and increasing the strength of recurrent excitation, a small number of firing patterns were observed in pyramidal cell networks: first, sparse firings; then temporally and spatially concentrated epochs of action potentials, wherein each neuron fires one or two spikes; then more synchronized events, associated with bursts of action potentials in some pyramidal neurons. We suggest that one function of anterior piriform cortex is to transform ongoing streams of input spikes into temporally focused spike patterns, called here “cell assemblies”, that are salient for downstream projection areas.
ROLE OF ENGLISH AFFIXOIDS IN MODERN UKRAINIAN, RUSSIAN AND FRENCH
Authors: Samoilenko Olena 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground. The article is devoted to the influence of borrowed affixoids on the wordbuildingsubsystems of the target languages.
Purpose. The aim of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the influence of borrowingsfrom English on the word-building subsystem of the target languages and namely to define the roleof affixoids in productive ways of modern word-building. The aim preconditions the performing ofthe following tasks: analysis of the nature of affixoids; revealing peculiarities of borrowed affixoidsfunctioning in target languages.
Methods. In the article the following methods are used: 1) for detecting the volume andmeaning of the term affixoid the method of the review of the existing literature has been used; 2) forrevealing the constituent parts of the lexical units the method of distributive has been used; 3) fordescribing the peculiarities of quasi-composites and existing word-patterns the methods ofonomasiological and formal analysis have been used.
Results. If one analyses the appearance of the affixoid. -gate, it is necessary to take intoconsideration, that it is formed due to the so-called “intercalated” or “telescopic” formation ofnew words, when one word is “inserted” into another, as a result of which an unusual, occasionalformation appears. In modern Ukrainian and Russian we can reveal the development of newmeaning which is absolutely different from the primary meaning. Some people are even sure that -gate is the synonym of the word scandal.
Borrowing word-forming models is another character feature of language that causes theappearance of quasi-composites. In French, for example, it is possible to observe the interestingphenomenon of borrowing not structural parts, but word-building samples. The presence of “falseEnglishisms” in the French language proves once again that very often not only separate words areborrowed, but also word-forming material.
Discussion. Processes of borrowing influence the target languages in many different ways.The most common of them is direct borrowing, assimilation of concrete lexical units. But recentlythe facts of influence of the source language have become more and more common, so processes ofborrowing have an impact not only on the lexical subsystem of the target language, but also on theword-building level by assimilating productive affixes and affixoids, as well as common wordbuildingpatterns and models. The field of affixoids still requires new linguistic research, especiallyin connection with the processes of borrowing and the tendency of the modern languages tosimplification. It is very important to observe new ways of enriching vocabulary where assimilationof foreign affixoids is becoming more and more productive. The independent functioning ofaffixoids in target languages is also worth describing and analyzing.
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of treatment efficiency in patients with prolactinoma
Authors: Shukyurov S. D. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Prolactinomas are rarely detected in children and are very often characterized by aggressive growth.
Objective. The aim of the study was to increase the effectiveness of drug treatment with prolactin based on the results of clinical and laboratory studies.
Material and methods. In order to determine clinical, laboratory, hormonal, functional and instrumental markers, 63 patients with microprolactinomas and 53 patients with macroprolactinomas were examined. Some biochemical parameters of blood samples, such as TSH, T4, T3, FSH, LH, GH, IGF, ACTH, cortisol and prolactin were studied in healthy individuals, in patients with microprolactinoma and macroprolactinoma 4 times: 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of treatment with cabergoline.
Results. During the study, it was determined that a mean value of FSH in blood samples obtained during hormonal studies conducted before treatment with cabergoline was 4.94 0.41 IU/L, that is slightly lower than that of healthy women (n = 24) who participated in the study (5.49 0.52 IU/L) (p = 0.4037). Statistical analysis within the 6th month of treatment with the appropriate drug showed a reliable decrease in a mean value of LH hormone to 1.93 0.25 IU / L (p = 0.0002, p1 = 0.0232). In biopsies obtained during this study period, the minimum hormone level was 0.1 IU/L, and the maximum 4.18 IU L.
Conclusions. Thus, the treatment of patients with macro- and microprolactinoma using cabergoline can play an important role in correcting their physical, hormonal and other parameters, and will expand the use of its analogs in practical medicine.