bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MANIPULASI CAHAYA UNTUK MENURUNKAN KELIMPAHAN NEMATODA PARASIT TUMBUHAN PADA Pembibitan KOPI
Authors: Swibawa I Gede , Putra Dwisya , Susilo F.X. , Hairiah Kurniatun , Suprayogo Didik 
Published: January 2021

Light manipulation to reduce the plant parasitic nematodes abundance on coffee nursery. Plant parasitic nematode problem on monoculture coffee can be caused not only by the suitable hosts but also by the environmental changes, such as soil water content and soil temperature. A semi-field experiment was conducted in Sumberjaya, West Lampung on May-September 2007 with the aim to study the effect of shading levels and fertilizer levels of coffee nursery on plant parasitic nematodes abundance. The results showed that the shading level treatment on coffee nursery significantly affected the abundance of plant parasitic nematodes but did not affect the free-living nematode abundance. The relationship between the plant parasitic nematode abundance with the shading level is polynomial with the highest nematode abundance (500 individual/300 ml of soil) was under 40% shading level. The increase in shading level indirectly affected the increase in plant parasitic nematode abundance through the increas in of soil water content. Inorganic N, P and K fertilizer at the recommended level for coffee nursery increased the abundance of plant parasitic nematodes from 216 to 282 individual/300 ml of soil. The interaction between the shading level and fertilizer did not significantly affect the plant parasitic nematode abundance.
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN NEMATODA SISTA KENTANG (GLOBODERA SPP.) INDONESIA
Authors: Lisnawita Lisnawita , Sinaga Meity S. , Supramana Supramana , Suastika Gede 
Published: January 2021

The effect of temperature on the development of Indonesian potato cyst nematode. Potato cyst nematode (PCN) is a serious pathogen of potato and is found in most potato producing areas of the world. In Indonesia, PCN was recently discovered and recognized as major constraint on potato. The growth and behaviour of nematodes are affected by the environment. Therefore, determination of the biology of PCN Indonesian populations is urgently needed to manage this pathogens effectively. The effect of temperature on biology factors of four PCN Indonesian populations (North Java 1, North Java 2, West Java, and Central Java) was studied at different temperatures levels (12, 15, 18, 21 and 24ºC) in the growth chamber. The aim of this research was to study the effect of temperature on development of PCN. Observation was conducted on cyst number, reproduction factor (Rf), survival, fecundity and multiplication of PCN. The optimum temperature range for maximum cysts production with the highest reproduction factor, survival, fecundity and multiplication rate for all populations was 15 - 21ºC. The hatching and development of all PCN populations reduced at temperature below 15ºC or above 21ºC.
VARIAN SOMAKLONAL KACANG TANAH RESISTEN SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII HASIL SELEKSI IN VITRO MENGGUNAKAN FILTRAT KULTUR CENDAWAN
Authors: Yusnita Yusnita , Aswidinnoor Hajrial , Megia Rita , Suseno Rusmilah , Sudarsono Sudarsono 
Published: January 2021

Peanut somaclonal variants resistant to Sclerotium rolfsii derived from in vitro selection with fungal culture filtrates. Sclerotium stem rot is one of the most important peanut disease which often caused significant yield loss. The use of peanut cultivars resistant to Sclerotium rolfsii infection is the most efficient way to control the disease. Attempts to obtain peanut lines with tolerance or resistance to Sclerotium stem rot through induction of somaclonal variation and in vitro selection using fungal culture filtrates (CF) have been conducted previously. Somatic embryo (SE) clumps that had been maitained in culture for approximately one year in regeneration medium were exposed onto selective medium containing 30% S. rolfsii CF for three consecutive 1 month –passages, and the SE formed after selection periods were considered to be insensitive to the fungal CF. A number R0 peanut lines have been regenerated from CF-insensitive SE, and their R1 and R2 progenies were grown in a plastic house for evaluation on qualitative and quantitative variant characters. Early identification for tolerance to S. rolfsii was also conducted among R0 peanut lines, and the results have shown enhanced resistance when compared to the original non-selected cultivar. However, further evaluation is needed to study responses of the R1 and R2 progenies of the somaclones against S. rolfsii infection. The objective of this particular study was to evaluate responses of R1 and R2 peanut somaclones derived from fungal CF-insensitif SE against S. rolfsii infection in the plastic house. Results of this experiment showed, a number of resistant somaclonal variants were obtained among R1 and R2 population, which segregated as resistance and susceptible to S. rolfsii infection. The resistance somaclonal variants initially showed stem rot symptoms after inoculation with S. rolfsii with disease score (DS) of 1 to 3. However, as the plants grew and developed, they showed wound-healing process at the lesio and they were able to produce the same or higher number of filled pod as the original non-inoculated peanut plants.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BERBAGAI BAGIAN TANAMAN MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA TANAMAN CABE (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Efri Efri 
Published: January 2021

Effect of extraction from some parts of Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) to suppress anthracnose disease on chili (Capsicum annuum L). The research was conducted to study the effect of extract from some parts of Mengkudu on the growth of anthracnose disease on chilli (Capsicum annuum L). Some extraction of mengkudu parts such as from leaves, flowers and fruits and propineb fungicide were used in this research. Spore suspension of Colletotrichum capsici (108 spore/ml) used to inoculate chili plant one week before extraction of mengkudu (33 day after planting) was applicated. The result showed that application of leaf and flower extraction were effective to suppress disease incidence and severity, but fruit extraction was not effective. However, leaf and flower extraction did not significantly differ with propineb fungicide.
MEKANISME KETAHANAN KENTANG (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM) TERHADAP NEMATODA SISTA KUNING (GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS)
Authors: Fitriyanti Dewi , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Christanti Christanti 
Published: January 2021

Resistance mechanism of potato (Solanum tuberosum) to golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis). The research was conducted from June 2005 to May 2006 in Kepuhharjo, Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The aims of the research were to find the resistance status of 20 potato varieties, role of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in the resistance mechanism and histopathological differences between resistant and susceptible potato varieties to G. rostochiensis. The results showed that two varieties were resistant to G. rostochiensis, i.e, Hertha and Manohara. Thirteen varieties were moderately resistant, i.e; No.30, No.44, No. 5, No.19, Batang Hitam, Agria, Desiree, Berolina, Atlantik, No.095, Cipanas, FLS and Colombus, and five varieties were susceptible, i.e; Kikondo, Granola, Erika, LBR, and Fries. The presence of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in Hertha (resistant variety) and in Granola (susceptible variety) were analized by TLC. In Hertha chlorogenic acid was detected at 4, 5, and 6 days after inoculation (DAI), whereas in Granola it was detected at 1 and 6 DAI. It was assumed that the presence of chlorogenic acid for 3 successively week in Hertha, caused it more resistant than Granola. Cell lignification inhibited G. rostochiensis grow well inside the root tissue of Hertha, whereas in Granola only a few cell was lignified as indicated by less absorption of red colour (safranin) in infected areas. Caffeic acid was not detected either in uninoculated or inoculated of both potato varieties. It indicated that caffeic acid might not be naturally present in Hertha and Granola and nematode infection could not stimulate the production of this compound.
IDENTIFIKASI SURFAKTIN PADA PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS ST1 PENGENDALI EFEKTIF PENYAKIT PUSTUL KEDELAI
Authors: Dirmawati Suskandini Ratih 
Published: January 2021

Identification of surfactin in Pseudomonas fluorescens ST1 which effectively suppres soybean bacterial pustule. Identification of surfactin in Pseudomonas fluorescens ST1 filtrate was conducted in Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, Bogor Agriculture University. The 48 hours cultured suspension of P. fluorescens ST1 with 108 CFU/ml density was centrifuged to obtain the supernatant. The supernatant was analyzed for its surfactin content by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Colum ODS-5 and eluen acetonitril and acetat acid. The result showed that surfactin was producted by P. fluorescens ST1 and this bioactive substance could suppres the bacterial pustule on soybean.
SELEKSI DAN UJI ANTAGONISME TRICHODERMA SPP. ISOLAT TAHAN FUNGISIDA NABATI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Efri Efri , Suharjo Radix , Evizal Rusdi 
Published: January 2021

Screening and testing of isolate of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicides on the growth of P. capsici. The research was conducted at the Plant Disease laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University from March – November 2007. The aim of the research was to find isolate of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicide which still have its capability to inhibit the growth of P. capsici. Completely randomized design with three replicates was used in the research. Data collected in this research were isolates of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicides and inhibition percentage of isolates of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicide on the growth of P. capsici. The data were analysed with anova and continued with LSD test at 5% of significant level. As much as 9 isolates of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicide were found. Three isolates of T. viride could survive in the 100% of tumeric powder (C), east indian galangale powder (A), and clove leaf powder (B). Two isolates of T. harzianum could survive in the 100% of tumeric powder (A) and clove leaf powder (A). One isolate survived in the 90% of east indian galangale powder (D). Two isolates of T. koningii also could survive in the 100% of tumeric powder (A) and clove leaf powder (A). One isolate survived in the 90% of east indian galangale powder (C). All of the isolates inhibited P. capsici. All of the isolates found statistically had the same capability to inhibit the growth of P. capsici.
SOIL NUTRITION MANAGEMENT AND PREDATION BY CHEILOMENES SEXMACULATA (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) IMPACTS ON APHIS GLYCINES (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Hasibuan Rosma , Lumbanraja Jamalam 
Published: January 2021

Soil nutrition management and predation by Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) impacts on Aphis glycines (Homoptera: Aphididae). Understanding how soil nutrient availability and natural enemies impacts on aphid populations are important for soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae), management. Studies were conducted to examine the effect of soil nutrient management and predaceous coccinellid beetle, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabr.), (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on A. glycines population. The plot size of 300 m2 was set up into 12 plots consisting four treatments and three replications. The treatments were the combination of NPK (urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP-36 200 kg ha-1 + KCl 200 kg ha-1) levels, dolomite (4 ton ha-1), compost (10 ton ha-1), and chicken manure (10 ton ha-1). While, the predator’s potential of C. sexmaculata was measured both in the field and laboratory conditions. The results of the studies indicated that soil nutrition treatments had significant effects on the plant performances: leaf numbers; pod numbers; and plant height. In line with this result, there were significant effects of soil nutrient treatments on the amount of plant nutrient: C, N, P, K, C, Ca, and Mg. The positive correlation coefficient was observed between the aphid population and nitrogen content, while the significant negative correlation found on between aphid population and the calcium and magnesium content. Meanwhile, the mean number of soybean aphids (A. glycines) consumed by C. sexmaculata increased from 8.915 to 40.64 aphids, with an average 26.35 ± 3.16 aphids. The mean numbers of aphids consumed by predator were significantly influenced by prey densities. The exclosure study result showed that the densities of A. glycines in caged plants was higher than that in un-caged plants. In the no-cage treatments, natural enemies had complete access to soybean aphids and caused the total reduction (100%) of A. glycines density by the 8th wk sample period. These findings suggest that reducing the amount of synthetic chemical fertilizer NPK can be supplemented with natural organic materials such as composts and chicken manure and natural occurring predator, C. sexmaculata, is an important natural enemy of the soybean aphid.
JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN ASAL TANAH LEBAK DI SUMATERA SELATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI WALANG SANGIT (LEPTOCORISA ORATORIUS (F.))
Authors: TA Effendy , Septiadi Robby , Salim Abdullah , Mazid Abdul 
Published: January 2021

Entomopathogenic fungi from the lowland soil of South Sumatera and their potential as biocontrol agents of Stink Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius (F.)). The purpose of this research was to explore and examine the potential of soil borne entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatera as biological agents of Leptocorisa oratorius (F). Soil used for trapping entomopatogenic fungi, was taken from five locations in South Sumatera. Percentage of nymph mortality was analyzed by using analysis of variance and arranged in Completely Randomized Design. LT50­ of nymph mortality was determined with Probit Analysis. Entomopathogenic fungi found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium sp. Stink bug mortality due to B. bassiana isolates reached 40-73.3% and Metarhizium sp. reached 56.7-70%. The results showed that Metarhizium isolates were more virulent than B. bassiana isolates. The viability of B. bassiana conidia did not decrease during sub-culturing. Sub-culturing did not influence the mortality of stink bug nymph but it prolonged the LT50­ of the stink bug.
SINERGISME CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN Lecanicillium lecanii DENGAN INSEKTISIDA NABATI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFIKASI PENGENDALIAN TELUR KEPIK COKLAT Riptortus linearis PADA KEDELAI
Authors: Prayogo Yusmani 
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research was to study the synergism of entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium lecanii with botanical insecticides to control brown stink bug. The research was carried out in the field experiment station (Kendalpayak) of Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI). Randomized block design (RBD) was used, each treatment was repeated three times. The treatments were three types of botanical insecticides i.e; Aglaia odorata leaf powder (ALP), Annona squamosa seed powder (ASP), and Jatropha curcas seed powder (JSP) of 25, 50 and 75 g/l respectively were combined with the conidia of L. lecanii. The results showed that the addition of botanical insecticides into the media can improve growth and development of the fungus L. lecanii. The higher dose of botanical insecticide in combination with the L. lecanii, the greater efficacy of both agents are in controlling brown stink bug eggs. Synergism of combination of L. lecanii and botanical insecticides were shown from the number of unhatched eggs (above 77%) compared with a single application. The fewer number of brown stink bug eggs hatching, caused the limited number of brown stink bug can developed become adult, resulting reduced soybean seeds and pods damaged. The combination of L. lecanii and botanical insecticides was able to maintain weight of soybean seed up to 35% compared to single treatment (control). The combination of L. lecanii and ASP and JSP botanical pesticides were more synergist compared with combination of L. lecanii with ALP. Dose of 50 g/l botanical pesticide JSP and ALP were combined with the L. lecanii was an optimal dose to control of brown stink bug eggs.
PEMANFAATAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEBAGAI PEMBAWA UNTUK PENINGKATAN KEPADATAN POPULASI TRICHODERMA VIRIDE PADA RIZOSFIR PISANG DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM
Authors: Nurbailis Nurbailis , Martinius Martinius 
Published: January 2021

The aims of the research were to determine the best organic matter as carrier for growth and increasing the density of Trichoderma viride strain TV-T1sk (TV-T1sk) and its influence on Fusarium wilt disease development on banana seedling. This research consisted of two experiments, i.e. (1). Growth testing of TV-T1sk in various organic matter, (2). Various organic matter testing for increasing the density of TV-T1sk in banana rhizosphere and its influence on Fusarium wilt desease development. The treatments were various organic matter, namely rice straw, sugar cane pulp, rice bran+banana plant waste, hull of rice+sugar cane pulp and rice. The variables observed were density and viability of conidia on various organic matter. Propagule density after introduction to banana rhizosphere was determined by observing TV-T1sk propagul from the rizosphere of banana seedling. The influence of density on Fusarium wilt disease development was determined by incubation period, the percentage of symptomized leaves and the intensity of corm damage. The results showed that both sugar cane pulp and rice were the best organic matter for increasing the growth and the density of TV-T1sk after introduction to banana rhizosphere. The density of TV-T1sk propagule on banana rhizophere influenced the development of Fusarium wilt disease.
KARAKTERISTIK PSEUDOMONAS VIRIDIFLAVA: PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK LUNAK DAN EVALUASI VIRULENSINYA PADA KLON ANGGREK PHALAENOPSIS
Authors: Hanudin Hanudin , Rahardjo Indijarto Budi 
Published: January 2021

The objectives of this research were to determine the typical symptoms and isolates chararteristics of Pseudomonas viridiflava as the causal agent of soft rot bacterial disease and to find out orchid Phalaenopsis clones resistant to the disease. The scope of this study included exploration and isolation of the pathogens, pathogenicity, biochemical and LOPAT tests, also screening the Phalaenopsis F1 clones resistant to the pathogen. The results showed that isolates Vd-6, Ph-7 and Ph-18 obtained from Vanda (in Bandung Nursery) and Phalaenopsis orchids respectively, in glass house of Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, were identified as P. viridiflava and highly virulent on tested orchid plants. Typical symptoms were soft rots characterized by moist and watery decay of the whole leaves, which were initiated as small water-soaked lesions and enlarged rapidly to the entire leaves. Based on biochemical and LOPAT tests, the causal organisms were fluorescent green colonies in King’s B medium, not producing levan compound and arginine hydrolase reaction. Pectinolytic activities on potato and tobacco hypersensibility were also positive. According to evaluation test, 10 F1 accecions Phalaenopsis clones (VL 231, VL 232, VL 233, and VL 240; M22.213 and M22.223; 599.201, 599.205, 599.215 and 599.243) were resistant to that pathogen.
SKRINING DAN UJI ANTAGONISME JAMUR TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM YANG MAMPU BERTAHAN DI FILOSFER TANAMAN JAGUNG
Authors: Efri Efri , Prasetyo Joko , Suharjo Radix 
Published: January 2021

Screening and antagonism test of Trichoderma harzianum which are survived on the corn phyllosphere. The research was conducted to find Trichoderma harzianum that could survive on the corn phyllosphere which still have good antagonism capability. Five isolates T. harzianum were used in the research. Spore suspension of each isolate T. harzianum (108 spore/ml) was sprayed to the 21 days after planting corn phyllosphere in the afternoon. Reisolation in order to obtain the isolates which were was conducted in 1 – 22 days after spraying. To the extend that 3 isolates (from T. sprayed before harzianum) that could survive on the corn filosfeer and have the best antagonism capability then collected. Antagonism test was carried out using dual culture method. Phytophthora capsici was used as the antagonism object. The result showed that T. harzianum could survive until 22 days after spraying (DAS) on the last leaves (isolate 1, 2,3 and 5). On the second leaves, T. harzianum could survive 17 DAS Isolate 4 and 5) , and 20 DAS (isolate 5) on the meristem leaves. Antagonism test showed isolate 1 from reisolated from the last leaves (ThRI1), isolate 4 reisolated from the second leaves (ThDI4) dan isolate 5 reisolated from meristem leaves (ThTI5) were 3 isolates that have the best antagonism capability.
PENGIMBASAN KETAHANAN BIBIT PISANG AMBON KUNING TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM DENGAN BEBERAPA JAMUR ANTAGONIS
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Rahayuniati Ruth Feti 
Published: January 2021

Induced resistance of Ambon Kuning cultivar banana seedling to fusarium wilt with antagonistic fungi. A research aiming at knowing the effect of antagonistic fungi supernatant on banana induced resistance, Fusarium wilt development, and banana growth was carried out from July up to December 2008. Randomized Block Design was used with four replicates. Treatments tested were control, with supernatant of Gliocladium virens, Trichoderma harzianum isolated from banana, ginger, and ginseng, Trichoderma koningii, and Fusarium equiseti, applied by injection to banana seedling corm and soaked for five minutes. Variables observed were incubation period, disease severity, Foc population density, germination inhibition, growth component, phenolic compound content, and supporting component. Result of the research indicated that the supernatant of G. virens, T. harzianum, and T. koningii could significantly induce resistance of the seedling showed by increasing the phenolic content such as glycoside, saponin, and tannin. The supernatant of all antagonistic fungi could effectively control the disease showed by lengthening incubation period as 48.71%, decreasing the disease severity as 53.57%, decreasing infection rate as 61.48%, increasing the antagonistic effectivity as 51.26%, decreasing the late population density as 45.35%, and decreasing the inoculum inside the plant as 60-100%. The extract could improve the seedling growth.