bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ISAR Consensus Guidelines on Add-Ons Treatment in In vitro Fertilization
Authors: Malhotra Jaideep , Malhotra Keshav , Kamat Sudesh , Mishra Akansha , Chatterjee Charulata , Nair Seema , Ghosh Pranay , Mehta Rajvi , Bhadraka Harsha , Srinivas Sapna , Kumar Lalith , Mistry Rushika , Goenka Deepak , Kant Gaurav 
Published: November 2021

Study Question:
What are the good practices for the use of ADD-ON Treatments in IVF cycles in INDIA?

What is Already Known:
Add on treatments in IVF are procedures and technologies which are offered to patients in hope of improving the success rates. A lot of add on treatments exist; most of them have limited evidence and data for the Indian patient population is miniscule. These interventions may have limited effects, so it is imperative that any new technology that is offered is evaluated properly and has enough evidence to suggest that it is safe and effective.

Study Design, Size, Duration:
This is the report of a 2-day consensus meeting where two moderators were assigned to a group of experts to collate information on Add on treatments in IVF in INDIA. This meeting utilised surveys, available scientific evidence and personal laboratory experience into various presentations by experts on pre-decided specific topics.

Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods:
Expert professionals from ISAR representing clinical and embryology fields.

Main Results and the Role of Chance:
The report is divided in various components including the health of the Offspring, the various ADD ons available to an ART center, consensus points for each technology & qualifications and trainings for embryologists, the report and recommendations of the expert panel reflect the discussion on each of the topics and try to lay down good practice points for labs to follow.

Limitations, Reasons for Caution:
The recommendations are solely based on expert opinion. Future availability of data may warrant an update of the same.

Wider Implications of the Findings:
These guidelines can help labs across the country to standardise their ART services and improve clinical outcomes, it will also motivate clinics to collect data and report the use of Add ons to the national registry.

Study Funding/Competing Interest(S):
The consensus meeting and writing of the paper was supported by funds from CooperSurgical India.
Prevalence and Clinicopathologic Risk Factors for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase, and ROS-1 Fusion in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Kesri Raghav , Goyal Hari , Gupta Geetanjali , Bharti Deepak , Sharma Richu 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
The purpose of he study was to evaluate the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), and ROS-1 fusions in the patients with metastatic nonsquamous nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and their relation with different demographic and clinical variables.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 87 adult patients >18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of Stage IV metastatic NSCLC. All the patients were studied for EGFR mutations, ALK, and ROS-1 fusions. The outcome measures were the presence of EGFR, ALK, and ROS-1 fusions among the patients with NSCLC and the risk association with age, gender, smoking, and tumor differentiation.

Results:
Out of 87 patients, 26 (29.89%) patients tested positive for EGFR mutations, 4 (4.6%) for ALK, and a single case for ROS-1 fusion. The mean age of the patients who were EGFR positive was significantly younger than the mean age of those without EGFR mutation (56.77 ± 12.01 vs. 66.69 ± 11.34, P = 0.0004). As for the gender, females had significantly more EGFR mutations (53.85% vs. 46.15%, P = 0.013) with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.281 (1.257–8.562). Ex-smokers or nonsmokers showed an increased risk of EGFR mutation with an OR of 87.212 and 38.405 (P < 0.0001). There was no association of histology or grading with EGFR mutation. ALK and ROS-1 showed no significant association with clinical variables (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
EGFR mutation is the most common occurrence in NSCLC, with other minor mutations being ALK fusion and ROS-1 rearrangements. Females, young age, and nonsmoking behavior carry a significantly higher risk of EGFR mutation, which usually confers a good prognosis.
Effect of type 1 tympanoplasty on the quality of life of patients suffering from chronic otitis media (safe type)
Authors: Devi KJ , Singh M , Maan AS , Thomas O , Kaur G , Arya S , Kaur J 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chronic otitis media (COM) remains a major public health issue and is associated with relentless discharge from the ear, pain, significant functional limitation of hearing, leading to communication problems and frequent specialist visits.

Aims:
To assess the improvement in quality of life of patients of COM (safe type) and surgical success in terms of graft uptake and improvement in hearing.

Patients and Methods:
A prospective questionnaire-based outcome study was directed in 100 patients with COM who were treated with Type I Tympanoplasty at our institution between May 2018 and May 2020. All patients were asked to fill Modified Chronic Otitis Media 4 (COM-4) survey before operation and 3 months after operation. Preoperative and postoperative total ear scores, audiological results, postoperative graft uptake were assessed.

Results:
The correlation between preoperative and postoperative assessment by questionnaire was statistically critical (P < 0.001). There was significant improvement in hearing postoperatively (P < 0.001). Effective graft uptake was seen in 80%.

Conclusion:
The current study emphasizes that Type 1 Tympanoplasty fundamentally improves quality of life of patients in terms of physical suffering, hearing loss, emotional distress postoperatively.
Prognostic significance of the metastatic lymph node ratio compared to the TNM classification in stage III gastric cancer
Authors: Gulmez S , Senger A S , Uzun O , Omeroglu S , Ofluoglu C , Sert Z O , Oz A , Polat E , Duman M 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
We aimed to evaluate a comparative analysis of the prognostic value of the metastatic lymph node ratio (LNR) and pN (TNM) in stage III gastric cancer.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 159 stage III gastric cancer patients with curative gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Cutoff values for LNR were designated according to 25%, 50% and 75% percentiles, 0.07, 0.20 and 0.44 respectively. The LNR was divided into four groups as 0 > LNR1 ≤ 0.07; 0.07 > LNR2 ≤0.20; 0.20 > LNR3 ≤0.44; 0.44 > LNR4 ≤1.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 61.1 ± 11.3 years. Male predominance was apparent (73.6%). The 1-year overall survival and recurrence rates were 73.6% and 33.6%, respectively. The univariate cox regression analysis demonstrated age and LNR were the main variables that affected overall survival (OS) (p < 0.05). Harvested lymph nodes less than 16 did not affect OS (p = 0.255). The results of the multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that only LNR was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001), while pN was not (p > 0.05). Similar results, as with overall survival, could not be revealed clearly for disease free survival (DFS).

Conclusions:
LNR was an independent significant prognostic factor and superior to pN staging in predicting OS but not for DFS in stage III gastric cancer patients. The high LNR levels in our research were found to be associated with poor survival rates. The percentile system we used to determine cutoff values may be considered as a reliable method. Similarly, LNR also provides a reliable prognostic parameter in future staging systems to help guide treatment algorithm plans.
Prevalence study for postoperative nausea vomiting
Authors: Canakci E , Catak T , Basar HE , Cebeci Z , Coskun I , Saltali AO , Altinbas A 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Simplified risk models, such as the Apfel score, have been developed to calculate the risk of postoperative nausea-vomiting (PONV) for adult patients. In the absence of any risk factors, PONV risk is assumed to be 10%. While the presence of one of the four risk factors determined as female gender, non-smoking, PONV/car sickness history, and postoperative opioid use is associated with 20% risk for PONV, the risk increases by 20% with the addition of each risk factor, and reaches to 80% if four factors are present.

Aim:
Our aim in this study is to investigate the prevalence of PONV, and whether the scoring systems used for nausea-vomiting in the literature are still valid.

Patients and Methods:
Five groups of patients were included in the study with an Apfel score of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. Each case was taken to the recovery room at the end of the operation. They were observed whether had nausea-vomiting was recorded according to the Abramowitz emesis score.

Results:
While the PONV risk for women is 24.637 times higher than men, the PONV risk of those who had gynecological surgery is 6.27 times higher than that of the other type of surgery. Those who had urological surgery are 0.345 times less than the other type of surgery. Those who had lower abdominal surgery had a risk of PONV of 4.56 times higher than the others. As the duration of the case increases, the risk of PONV increases 1.01 times (P values P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.048, P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion:
As a result, our PONV prevalence is considerably lower than the frequency rates mentioned in the literature. PONV scoring systems need long-term studies with larger populations to be updated.
Mandibular neurofibroma with osseous deformities in a 3-year-old child with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Aloyouny AY , Albagieh HN , Alweteid AS , Alsheddi MA 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder. It is a multisystem neurocutaneous condition represented by multiple benign tumors of the nerves and skin known as neurofibromas and cafe' au lait spots. However, neurofibroma localized in the mandible is rare. We present a case of a 3-year-old, Egyptian girl with NF1. The girl presented with right mandibular swelling of undetermined duration and multiple hyperpigmented spots on the skin. This case report shows the important role of dentists, as demonstrated in the present case, in the diagnosis and management of this disease, since the diagnosis was made during dental consultation and subsequently managed by the team.
Variations in utilization of health facilities for information and services on sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in South-East, Nigeria
Authors: Agu IC , Mbachu CO , Ezenwaka U , Okeke C , Eze I , Arize I , Ezumah N , Onwujekwe O 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Adolescents' sexual and reproductive health has an important influence on a country's long-term national growth. There is a high level of burden due to poor adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) in Nigeria, especially the Ebonyi State. Evidence shows that in the Sub-Saharan African region, most adolescents experience poor access to information and other services relating to their sexual and reproductive health. Many cultures in Africa see matters around sex and sexuality as social taboos.

Aims:
This study aimed to access variations in the utilization of health facilities for sexual and reproductive health information and services among adolescents in the Ebonyi State, Nigeria. This will inform the design of interventions to improve ASRH.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 1,057 in-school and out-of-school adolescents aged 13–18 years were selected using cluster sampling of households from the six selected local government areas (LGAs) in this cross-sectional survey. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were performed alongside stratification analysis. Tabulation, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken. A household wealth index was calculated using the total household consumption calculated divided by the number of people in the household (per capita household consumption). The per capita household consumption was used to categorize the households into socioeconomic quintiles. The variable was used to differentiate key variables into socioeconomic quintile equity analysis.

Results:
A majority of the respondents had never visited any type of health facility to receive either sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information (90.2%) or services (97.1%). The utilization rate of health facilities for SRH information was 9.8% while for other SRH services was 2.8%. The patent medicine vendor (PMV) was the most visited type of facility for SRH information and other services. Schooling was a strong predictor of health facilities' utilization for SRH information (P < 0.01) and other services (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
Utilization of health facilities for information and services among adolescents in the Ebonyi State is very low and favorable toward informal service providers such as PMVs. The establishment and strengthening of the existing youth-friendly centers, school clinics, and occasional outreach programs designed specifically to target adolescents would perhaps improve adolescents' access to adequate information and health facility utilization for sexual, reproductive, and health services.
Comprehensive evaluation of factors that induce gingival enlargement during orthodontic treatment
Authors: Almansob YA , Alhammadi MS , Luo XJ , Alhajj MN , Zhou L , Almansoub HA , Mao J 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Gingival enlargement (GE) is one of the most common soft tissue problems encountered during fixed orthodontic treatment. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting GE in adolescents and young adults, compared with their normal peers.

Subjects and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional comparative study. The sample consisted of 329 subjects (ages 10–30 years) of both genders, which was divided into four main groups: The control group (G0) with no orthodontic treatment; subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment were divided according to treatment duration into G1 (4–12 months), G2 (13–24 months), and G3 (>24 months). The clinical examinations included the level of debris, calculus (simplified oral hygiene), and GE indices. Regression analyses were used to assess the GE association in all the studied groups.

Results:
The mean GE score increased significantly with increased treatment duration (0.42 ± 0.29 for G0 and 1.03 ± 0.52 for G3). GE scores of the lower arch were significantly higher in the anterior segment than in the posterior segment among all treatment groups. Regression analysis revealed that gender, age, oral hygiene, and treatment duration had a significant effect on GE (P < 0.05), while angle classification, overjet, overbite, treatment stage, bracket type, and therapeutic extraction did not show significant associations (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Gender, age, oral hygiene, and treatment duration were the most important risk factors for GE during fixed orthodontic treatment.
High-dose dual therapy versus bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection – A review of the strengths, weaknesses, and proposed solutions
Authors: Hu Chi-Tan 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Helicobacter pylori is the principal cause of peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The first treatment to H. pylori infection is dual therapy (a bismuth compound plus metronidazole). On the launch of omeprazole in 1988, dual therapy became omeprazole and amoxicillin (low dose). The poor H. pylori eradication rates by either bismuth-based or low-dose dual therapy drove more combinations of antibiotics were needed. Antibiotic resistance, especially clarithromycin and metronidazole, has made bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BCQT) a savior for first-line and second-line treatments. However, its complicated dosing regimen commonly causes more adverse events and poor drug compliance. Thus, high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) has been re-arising. This article reviews the strengths and weaknesses of HDDT versus BCQT with proposed solutions.
Case Report: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Basnayake Basnayake Wasala Mudiyanselage Kuma , Somaratne Kaluachchi Gamage Samanthi Kumari , Goonetilleke Chathuri Udeshika , Tilakaratna Pattiniya Markkala Yasoma Indrani , Ranawaka Udaya Kumara 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT.
Several neurological manifestations are recognized in dengue infection, but stroke is a rare complication. We report a case of ischemic stroke in a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever. A 52-year-old previously healthy male presented with a history of fever for 2 days, and left-sided weakness and numbness of sudden onset. MRI scanning showed a right-sided thalamic lacunar infarct. Diagnosis of dengue fever was made based on leuco-thrombocytopenia, positive dengue nonstructural protein-1 (NS-1) antigen, and positive dengue IgM antibodies. Severity of limb weakness correlated with the critical phase of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). He was discharged home with good recovery from neurological symptoms and disability. Strokes are rare in dengue, and are mainly hemorrhagic strokes related to thrombocytopenia. Ischemic stroke is even rarer. More evidence is needed for confirmation of dengue as a pathogenic mechanism of ischemic stroke.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Saudi Residents Regarding Hepatitis E Virus
Authors: Althobaiti Shaima O. , Alhumaidi Ghaida O. , Alwagdani Waad M. , Almaroani Kawther M. , Altowairqi Batool S. , Alhaddad Mahmoud S. , Abdelwahab Sayed F. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT.
Global data, including those from Saudi Arabia, that examined public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward hepatitis E virus (HEV) are limited. This study examined KAP levels of the general population in Saudi Arabia toward HEV. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 768 participants. An Arabic electronic questionnaire that contained demographic data and had 35 questions was used to measure KAP of the participants concerning HEV. Collected data were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. A total of 768 individuals participated in the study, of whom 16.3% (N = 125) were males and 83.7% (N = 643) were females. Study subjects were 18 years and above. Most of the participants were Saudi citizens (95.6%; N = 734), and from Western Saudi Arabia (76.4%; N = 587). Thirty-four percent (N = 261) of the participants had not heard of HEV, and 48% were aware that yellowish skin or eyes are the most important sign of hepatitis. The level of participants’ knowledge about HEV was low (39.5%). However, positive attitudes and practices were apparent and tended to aim at how to avoid becoming infected with HEV. In conclusion, the level of HEV-related knowledge among the participants was low, and their practices and attitudes were aimed at avoiding HEV infection. Awareness campaigns are required to increase the public’s HEV-related knowledge.
Stratiﬁcation as a way to increase germination of switchgrass seeds (Panicum virgatum L.)
Authors: Dryha V. V. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. There is a practical interest in biofuels production from bioomass of perennial cereal grasses such as switchgrass, which is characterized by relatively high yields, low water and fertilization demand, reliable productivity in a wide geographical area, reduced soil erosion, carbon sequestration and improved wildlife habitat. The crop is propagated mainly by seeds, which is characterized by a long dormancy period, which leads to low field germination and uneven germination.
Methods. Laboratory, visual, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical.
Results. The main restraining factor in switchgrass widespread introduction into production and one of the ways to reduce the biological state of rest is stratification. Therefore, the aim of the research was to investigate the influence of seed stratification on the seed vigour and germination depending on the switchgrass varietal characteristics. The article presents the results of research on the seed stratification influence on its vigor and germination depending on varietal characteristics in order to reduce the biological dormancy of seeds and significantly increase germination. Determination of the response of different genotypes to stratification, the effect of low temperature on seed germination was carried out using seeds of four varieties of different groups of maturity: American origin varieties Foresburg — early, Cavein-rock — mid-late, Alamo — late and Ukrainian origin Morozko — midlate. Stratification, i. e. cooling seeds for 7 days at a temperature of 10◦C and germination at a temperature of 20◦C provided a significant increase in seed vigour and seed germination of all studied varieties. On average, the germination energy increased by 5% and germination by 4%. Seeds stratification differently affected seeds quality depending on varietal characteristics, while no natural changes in the seed quality by maturity groups were observed. It was found that stratification had a greater impact on germination energy, with the share of impact being 20%.
Conclusions. Stratification provided a significant increase in seed vigour and germination in all studied varieties. On average, seed vigour increased by 5% and germination by 4%. But this measure does not provide a complete solution to reduce the biological state of seed dormancy.
Separation of switchgrass seeds by aerodynamic properties as a way of quality improvement
Authors: Dryha V. V. , Doronin V. A. , Kravchenko Yu. A. , Doronin V. V. 
Published: November 2021

The article presents the research results on the effect of seed separation (by aerodynamic properties) regime on germination energy and germination in order to reduce the biological dormancy of seeds and significantly improve the quality.
Methods. Laboratory, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical.
Results. With speed increasing in the aspiration column channel from 2.5 to 5.2 m/sec there was a slight change in the 1000-seed weight. There was not dependency in increase in the 1000-seed weight along with increasing air velocity. Thus, if in the control the 1000-seed weight was 1.65 g, then at the maximum 5.2 m/sec air velocity in the aspiration channel it was 1.68 g (SSD0.05 = 0.10 g). Germination energy and seed germination significantly increased in all separation modes except for the mode with 2.50 m/sec air velocity in the aspiration channel. The 1000-seed weight that fell into the waste naturally increased with increasing air velocity in the aspiration channel from 0.15 g to 0.40 g, and germination energy and seed similarity were at the level of 0−1%. Increasing the air speed to 7.87 m/sec provided a significant increase in seed germination energy and germination compared to the control and sorting of seeds at an air speed of 5.6 m/sec and 7.49 m/sec, and waste losses in waste increased by 28.0%.
Conclusions. Separation of switchgrass seeds of different years of vegetation, collected from panicles of different tiers and maturation dates provided a significant increase in its germination energy and germination and can be introduced into production but it does not completely solve the problem of reducing the biological dormancy of seeds.