bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Portugal and antibody maintenance 12 months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Castro Luísa Canto e , Gomes Andreia , Serrano Marta , Pereira Ana Helena , Ribeiro Rita , Napoleão Patrícia , Domingues Inês , Silva Cláudia , Fanczal Júlia , Afonso Ângela , Lopes Andreia , Toader Ionela , de Sousa Maria José Rego , de Sousa José Germano Rego , de Sousa Germano , Mota Maria , Silva-Santos Bruno , Veldhoen Marc , Ribeiro Ruy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Portugal has experienced three distinct SARS-CoV-2 infection waves. We previously documented the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 immunity, measured by specific antibodies, in September 2020, six months after the initial moderate wave. Here we show the seroprevalence changes six months later, up to the second week of March 2021, shortly following the third wave, which was one of the most severe in the world, and two months following the start of the vaccination campaign. A longitudinal epidemiological study was conducted, with a stratified quota sample of the Portuguese population. Serological testing was performed, including ELISA determination of antibody class and titres. The proportion of seropositives, which was 2.2% in September 2020, rose sharply to 17.3% (95% CI: 15.8% – 18.8%) in March 2021. Importantly, circulating IgG and IgA antibody levels were very stable six months after the initial determination and up to a year after initial infection, indicating long-lasting natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, vaccinated people had higher IgG levels from 3 weeks post-vaccination when compared with previously infected people at the same times post-infection.
A Research on the Determination of Phenological and Molecular Characterization in Open-pollinated Genotypes in Walnut
Authors: Sütyemez Mehmet , BOYACI selma , Kuscuoglu Nur , Ozcan Akide , Bukucu Sakir Burak , Yıldırım Esra , Bardak Adem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research was carried out to reveal the phenological and genetic differences between the S-1/1 walnut genotype and 94 F1 genotypes obtained from this genotype with each other and with the maternal parent. In the phenological observations made, it was observed that bud burst in genotypes took 52 days, leafing 50 days, leaf yellowing 31 days, and defoliation date 27 days. When the maternal parent (S-1/1) and the genotypes were compared, it was found that there was a phenological variation of 75.54 % in budburst, 73.41 % in the leafing, 34.05 % in leaf yellowing, and 93.62 % in defoliation date, while the average variation was 69.15 %. In molecular genetic analyzes, 7 ISSR primers were used to determine genetic variations, as a result, 7 monomorphic and 45 polymorphic bands were obtained, and the rate of polymorphism was found to be 86.53 %. The average number of alleles was calculated to be 7.42. In genotypes, the polymorphism information content (PIC) value varied between 0.48 and 0.95, while the average PIC value was calculated to be 0.73. As a result of cluster analysis, it was seen that genotypes were divided into 2 main clusters and 2 subsets. At the end of the study, it was determined that the S-1/1 walnut genotype and F1 genotypes obtained from this genotype have a significant variation both phenologically and genetically.
Filipino Nurses in Cebu City Reveal High Level of Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Willingness in Providing Care to COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Denney Brian , Astor Alexandra , Cabrilles Joanna , Codera Kristiane , Forteza Edzil Marice , Ihara Mugen , Lagudas Mary Farrah , Pesante Kathleen Kaye , Tam Jae Christelle 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading illness and has resulted in a global pandemic. In the Philippines, active cases of COVID-19 are rising and have threatened both local health and healthcare workers given the limited information on this new disease. Despite several studies conducted to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitude, practices, and willingness of nurses to provide care during this pandemic, there are scarce reports regarding Filipino nurses. Thus, our study assessed such criteria in staff nurses across different Cebu hospitals.Methods: This study utilized a descriptive research design using the cross-sectional survey method. A web-based survey and convenience sampling method was adopted to collect the data from Filipino nurses from any hospital in Cebu, of which, 137 participated in the study. A 43-item questionnaire was developed, which was spread out into 5 parts that comprised of the demographic profile, knowledge (15 items), attitude (10 items), practices (9 items), and willingness to care for patients with COVID-19 (9 items). The data was processed and analyzed using inferential statistical tools.Results: Majority of the nurses were females (70.80%), whose ages were 20-25 years old (54.01%), single (89.78%), mostly college degree holder (90.51%), and employed in hospitals for 1-3 years (64.96%). They also rely on the internet (99.27%) as a source of information related to COVID-19. They also displayed an overall knowledge of 65% especially about the COVID-19 causative agent, its transmission, and pathogenesis. Furthermore, the respondents were generally knowledgeable of the various information regarding COVID-19 at a rate of 79.56%. The mean values for attitude, practices, and willingness to provide care were 4.45 (very favorable), 4.65 (always), and 4.52 (very willing) respectively.Conclusions: Generally, the results of our study were favorable across the 5 parts of the survey. Overall knowledge and extent of practice was high, which can be attributed to government efforts of educating healthcare workers and observance of the mandated protocols. In addition, attitude significantly affected the willingness of the nurses to provide care. However, knowledge and practice did not affect the nurses’ willingness as the drawbacks and demands of their occupation outweighed and decreased their willingness.
An Improved Third-order HWCNS for Compressible Flow Simulation on Curvilinear Grids
Authors: Cheng Mingyang , Tang Lingyan , Liu Yu , Zhu Huajun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Due to the very high requirements on the quality of computational grids, stability property and computational efficiency, the application of high-order schemes to complex flow simulation is greatly constrained. In order to solve these problems, the third-order hybrid cell-edge and cell-node weighted compact nonlinear scheme(HWCNS3) is improved by introducing a new nonlinear weighting mechanism. The new scheme uses only the central stencil to reconstruct the cell boundary value, which makes the convergence of the scheme more stable. The application of the scheme to Euler equation on curvilinear grids is also discussed. Numerical results show that the new HWCNS3 achieves the expected order in smooth region, captures discontinuities sharply without obvious oscillation, has higher resolution than the original one and preserves freestream and vortex on curvilinear grids.
Assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-Coronavac Vaccine in the Amazon region of Brazil
Authors: Bichara Carlos David Araújo , Queiroz Maria Alice Freitas , Amoras Ednelza da Silva Graça , Vaz Gergiane Lopes , Vallinoto Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres , Bichara Cléa Nazaré Carneiro , Amaral Isabella Pinheiro Costa , Ishak Ricardo , Vallinoto Antonio Carlos Rosário 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background. The race to develop a protective vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) has raised questions regarding the safety of immunizers, the efficacy in the production of neutralizing antibodies, the longevity of the immune response, especially when related to variables such as sex and age.Objective. The present study evaluated the frequency of seroreactivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac (Sinovac).Method. The study was cross-sectional and involved a total of 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and group 2 of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (RBD - S1).Results. Seroreactivity was above 70% in both groups, with approximately 20% of individuals showing no reactivity. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) showed a significantly different distribution between sexes, but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies was 100% in the age group from 20 to 40 years, reducing significantly with advancing age to 88.9% (41 to 60 years), 78.7% (61 to 80 years) and 58.3% (>80 years).Conclusion. Our results demonstrate a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower efficiency of the humoral immune response among the elderly over 60 years of age, which could be associated with the senescence of the immune system.
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Eyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/hydrolase Gene Family in Poplar
Authors: Cheng Zihan , Zhang Xuemei , Yao Wenjing , Gao Yuan , Zhao Kai , Guo Qing , Zhou Boru , Jiang Tingbo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) plays an important role in the process of plant cell wall reconstruction, and also involved in plants stress resistance. However, its characteristics of XTH family genes have not been reported in poplar. Results: In this study, we found 43 PtrXTH genes from Populus simonii × Populus nigra, and most of them contain two conserved structures (Glyco_hydro_16 and XET_C domain). The promoter regions of the PtrXTH genes contain many cis-acting elements related to growth and development and adverse stresses responses. Collinearity analysis revealed that the XTH family from poplarhave an evolutionary relationship with other five species, including Eucalyptus robusta, Solanum lycopersicum, Glycine max, Arabidopsis, Zea mays and Oryza sativa. Through RNA-Seq analysis, we found that the PtrXTH genes have different expression patterns in the roots, stems and leaves, and many of them are highly expressed in the roots. In addition, we found 11 differentially expressed PtrXTH genes in the roots, 9 in the stems, and 7 in the leaves under salt stress, and verified the accuracy of RNA-Seq analysis by RT-qPCR.Conclusion: All the results indicated that XTH family genes may play an important role in tissue specificity and salt stress response. This study laid a theoretical foundation for further study on the functions of XTH genes in poplar.
Lidocaine Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Induces Cell Apoptosis via Regulating MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT Signalling Pathways
Authors: Wang Xu , Xi Shi-Hang , Li Qin , han ting 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Lidocaine is a commonly used local anesthetic in clinic, which is mainly used for anesthesia and analgesia. Lidocaine has been recently found to have an inhibitory effect on a variety of cancers.Materials and Methods: We used MTT assay and cell proliferation assay to detect the inhibition of lidocaine on proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1) ,cyclinB1, BCL2, BCL-XL, p62, LC3B, p-ERK,p-AKT, ERK and AKT.Results: Lidocaine inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, increased the percentage of G2 / M phase cells , apoptosis and autophagy by reducing the mRNA of CDK1 and cyclinB1, decreasing protein levels of CDK1,cyclinB1,BCL2, BCL-XL, p62, p-ERK and p-AKT protein, and increasing LC3B-II/LC3B-I protein levels.Conclusion: Lidocaine may be a potential candidate for treatment of breast cancer.
Alda-1, an Activator of ALDH2, Protects Cardiac and Neurological Function Postresuscitation by Inhibiting Pyroptosis in Swine
Authors: Diao Mengyuan , Xu Jiefeng , Wang Jiangang , Zhang Minhai , Wu Chenghao , Zhu Ying , Zhang Mao , Hu Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) has been shown to protect the heart and brain from oxidative stress injury, and this effect is related to the inhibition of pyroptosis. In the present study, we hypothesised that the ALDH2 activator N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichloro-benzamide (Alda-1) would mitigate cardiac and neurological injury postresuscitation in a preclinical swine model of CA.MethodsFollowing 8 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, and another 8 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the swine randomly received either Alda-1 (0.88 mg/kg, n = 6) or saline (n=5) after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Hemodynamic parameters and cardiac function were monitored, and serial blood samples were collected postresuscitation to detect biomarkers of cardiac and neurological injury. At 24 hours postresuscitation, first, neurological scores were evaluated, and then, the swine were sacrificed and pyroptosis-related proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress were assessed in heart and brain samples.ResultsCardiac and neurological injury were significantly improved in the Alda-1 group compared with the CPR group postresuscitation. In addition, after treatment with Alda-1, the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, Gasdermin D (GSDMD), and proinflammatory cytokine levels were markedly suppressed. Moreover, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicators of oxidative stress, were also significantly inhibited after Alda-1 administration, which was accompanied by increased ALDH2 activity and protein expression.Conclusion﻿Alda-1 improves cardiac and neurological dysfunction postresuscitation in a swine model of CA, at least partly by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.
Magnitude of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and associated factors among middle aged urban residents in west Ethiopia.
Authors: Feyissa Alemu A , Tamiru Dessalegn , Belachew Tefera 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

People die due to biologically impairment than chronological aging worldwide. Diabetic mellitus is becoming public health problem and undiagnosed diabetes is a challenge for health providers. Nevertheless, the prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed diabetes in west Ethiopian unnoticed at community level.
Objective

To Investigate the magnitude of undiagnosed diabetes(T2DM) and associated factors among middle aged urban residents in west Ethiopia.
Methods

A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in March 01–30, 2019 on 266 undiagnosed middle aged urban residents. Data were collected using questionnaires, anthropometric measures and biomarkers. Fasting blood glucose ≥ 126mg/dl at morning were taken as diabetes. With SPSS version 24 multivariable logistic regression analyses was applied and associated factors at 95%CI with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results

The overall prevalence of undiagnosed diabetic mellitus was 7.14% among urban residents in west Ethiopia. Being having sleep apnea, sedentary life, high (waist circumference, waist to height ratio, BMI, triglycerides, and blood pressure) were significantly associated with elevated fasting blood glucose. On multivariable logistic regression analysis: being high BMI four times (AOR: 4.87; p = 0.049), elevated blood pressure five times (AOR: 5.22; p = 0.005), and sleep apnea (p = 0.023) were associated significantly.
Conclusion

This study revealed undiagnosed diabetes was prevalent and associated to its risk factors in west Ethiopia. Therefore, community based education and early detection were significant to reduce the burden of diabetic mellitus.
Expansion of the Prime editing Modality with Cas9 from Francisella novicida
Authors: Lee Seung Hwan , Oh Yeounsun , Lee Wi-jae , Kim Hanseop , Gwon Lee Wha , Kim Young-Hyun , Park Young-Ho , Kim Chan Hyoung , Lim Kyung-Seob , Song Bong-Seok , Huh Jae-Won , Kim Sun-Uk , Jun Bong-Hyun , Jung Cheulhee 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Prime editing can induce a desired base substitution, insertion, or deletion in a target gene using reverse transcriptase (RT) after nick formation by CRISPR nickase. In this study, we developed a technology that can be used to insert or replace external bases in the target DNA sequence by linking reverse transcriptase to the Francisella novicida Cas9, which is a CRISPR-Cas9 ortholog. Using FnCas9(H969A) nickase, the targeting limitation of existing Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 nickase [SpCas9(H840A)]-based prime editing was dramatically extended, and accurate prime editing was induced specifically for the target genes in human cell line.
Postoperative Outcome in Non-Preterm Infants Under One Year Old in Non-Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Kumba Claudine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Objective : An observational study conducted earlier to determine predictors of postoperative outcome in non-cardiac surgical pediatric patients showed that factors which influenced postoperative evolution were multiple. These included American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, transfusion, age, emergency surgery, and surgery. The objective was to describe in details outcomes in non-preterm children under one year old included in the initial study.
Methods : Secondary analysis of the initial retrospective observational study in 594 patients with a mean age of 90.86±71.80 months. The Ethics Committee approved the study under the registration number 2017-CK-5-R1.
Results : There were 97 non-preterm children included with a mean age of 4.4±3.5 months. Mean weight was 5.1±2.7 kilograms. There were 48 abdominal surgical patients (49.5%), 48 neurosurgical patients (49.5%) and 1 orthopedic surgery patient (1%). 30 patients had intra-operative and or postoperative complications (organ failure or sepsis) (30.9%). The most common intra-operative complication was hemorrhagic shock (5.2%); the most affected system in the postoperative period was the respiratory system in terms of organ failure and pulmonary sepsis with an overall rate of 12.4%; the most common postoperative infection was septicemia (7.2%). The rate of postoperative renal failure was 1%. There were 5 in-hospital deaths (5.2%).
Conclusion : In this cohort of 97 non-preterm infants under one year old, the rate of patients with intra-operative and or postoperative complications was 30.9%. It is time to reconsider integrating goal directed therapies in intra-operative patient management to improve postoperative outcome.
Compulsive buying gradually increased during the first six months of the Covid-19 outbreak
Authors: Maraz Aniko , Yi Sunghwan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: The current Covid-19 situation offers a natural experiment to explore the effect of a chronic stressor on compulsive buying tendencies over an extended period of time. Design: Survey method of sampling every three days a new cohort during the first six months of the Covid-19 pandemic (March-October 2020) in the United States. Participants: Total (clean) sample of N = 1430 (39.3% female, mean age = 36.4 years). Measurements: Online and offline compulsive buying separately, distress, SES, income and age were assessed. Findings: Both online and offline compulsive buying increased during the data collection period (𝜏 = 0.24, 𝜏 = 0.22, respectively, both p < 0.001). High-SES individuals reported the highest tendency for compulsive buying throughout the entire time frame, although the increase in compulsive buying tendencies over time was the highest among the socioeconomically less privileged. Online compulsive buying increased as a result of the CARES Act (first stimulus package) by an effect size of d = 0.33. When entered into a regression model, SES had the strongest effect on compulsive buying after accounting for the effect of distress, income and age (online: ßPSS = 1.3***, ßSES = 5.13***, ßincome = 2.6***, ßage = -0.20*, F(4, 709) = 53.01, R2 = 0.23, RSE = 29.5; offline: ßPSS = 1.45***, ßSES = 4.86***, ßincome = 2.16***, ßage = -0.08 p > 0.4; F(4, 695) = 49.54, R2 = 0.22, RSE = 30.41). The high-income group reported the strongest correlation between distress and compulsive buying (r = 0.67, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.57–0.76). Conclusions: Compulsive buying tendency gradually increased during the first six months of the Covid-19 pandemic especially as a result of the CARES Act.
An update on Rodgers and Chido, the antigenic determinants of human C4
Authors: Giles C.M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Rodgers (Rg) and Chido (Ch) blood groups are antigenic determinants of the fourth component of human complement (C4). Nine determinants have been defined by means of hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) with polyspecific human antiserums. The association of C4A isotypes with Rg and of C4B isotypes with Ch is strong but not complete. Derived amino acid sequences from the C4d region of selected C4 allotypes of known antigenic expression have provided support for the previously reported complex serologic interrelationships. A structural model for antigenic determinants at four polymorphic sites, incorporating sequential and conformational epitopes, was subsequently proposed. Allotype and Rg/Ch data obtained from donors and patients, many with accompanying families, have augmented the model and revealed no exceptions. The antigenic determinants, therefore, make an important contribution to the complex polymorphism of C4.
A review: low-frequency red cell antigens
Authors: Lubenko A. , Contreras M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The study of low-frequency red cell antigens and their corresponding antibodies is an eccentricity in immunohematology. Quite often, antigens that have very low frequencies in one population are not that infrequent in another;1 e.g., the antigens Mur, Hut, and Hil of the MilII phenotype. In addition, “low-frequency” antigens (LFAs) of one ethnic group (e.g., K, Jsa) can have an appreciable incidence in another ethnic group within the same population. Hence, there is no rigid definition as to what constitutes a LFA. Antibodies to LFAs, most of which have little, if any, clinical significance, are most often encountered in autoimmune and hyperimmune states.2 Nevertheless, despite their general clinical irrelevance, LFAs and their antibodies still exert a strong fascination for many red cell serologists.
DNA probe technology in parentage testing
Authors: Walker R.H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Paternity tests involve laboratory procedures on blood samples obtained from the alleged father, mother, and child to determine if the alleged father is the true father. Conclusions are based on the principle that the child inherits half of the characteristics (markers) in his/her blood from each true parent. DNA probe analysis has emerged from the research laboratory and is currently being utilized by laboratories engaged in parentage testing to improve their efficiency in discriminating between fathers and nonfathers. This new technique provides a very powerful tool.
Investigation of transfusion reactions through microcomputer education software
Authors: Hardman P.K. , Hardman J.T. , Brown P.J. , Borek D.A. , Beck M.L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop educational software to simulate laboratory investigation of transfusion reactions. An interactive, branching-style program was developed using, a 256K Personal Computer (International Business Machines, Boca Raton, FL). Over 75 institutions in the United States and Canada are currently using the software in preprofessional and continuing in professional education programs.