bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotype × environment analysis of cowpea grain production in the forest and derived savannah cultivation ecologies
Authors: Nassir A.L. , Olayiwola M.O. , Olagunju S.O. , Adewusi K.M. , Jinadu S.S. 
Published: July 2021

Differential performance of genotypes in different cultivation environments has remained a challenge to farmers and plant breeders, the emphasis being the selection of high yielding and stable genotypes, across similar ecologies. A set of nine cowpea genotypes were cultivated in Ago-Iwoye and Ayetoro, two locations representing high and moderate moisture zones. Plantings were done with the early and late season rains in Ago-Iwoye and mid-late season rains of Ayetoro. Statistical analysis was done to understand genotype reaction to the different environments and the plant and environment factors mediating the performance. The Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model captured 61.30% of the total sum of squares (TSS). The main effects: genotype (G) environment (E) and their interaction (GxE) were significant with the largest contribution of 28.70% by the environment while the interaction and genotype fractionscaptured 20.20% and 12.40%, respectively. The percentage contribution of the main effects and GxE to total sum of squares (TSS) for traits was not consistent. The Genotype plus Genotype-by-Environment (GGE) analysis summarized 91.30% of the variation in genotype performance across environment. The cultivation environments were separated into two, with IT 95M 118 as the vertex genotype in the Ayetoro while TVU 8905 was the topmost genotype in Ago-Iwoye. The two genotypes recorded the highest grain weight per plant (GWPP) but were also the most unstable The stable genotypes IT 95M 120 and IT 86 D 716 flowered relatively late compared to others, are taller, had higher vegetative score and are low grain producers.
Key words: AMMI, drought, GGE, stability, Vigna unguiculata
Credit access and faecal management practices among poultry farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria: Implications for climate change
Authors: Osuntade O.B. , Babalola D.A. 
Published: July 2021

This research identified the sources of credit available and utilized by the respondents, evaluated the socioeconomic factors determining farmers’ access to credit, constraints encountered by respondents and the influence of access to credit on management practices of poultry farmers in Obafemi Owode Local Government of Ogun State. The data collected from 90 poultry farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the logit regression model, to evaluate the socio-economic factors determining the respondents’ access to creditand also to analyze the influence of access to credit on faecal management practices in the study area. The descriptive result showed the farmers earned less than N100, 000 monthly (mean = 61,402±12,127.17, ca. $290) and up to 48% still lacked access to credit. The major use of credit among the farmers was for operational activities (53%) which included waste management. Only 48% of the farmers had access to quality extension service and 46% do not participate in any cooperative. Despite the fact that most of the farmers were aware of impact of farming activities on climate change, about 80% still practiced open dumping of faecal waste without proper treatment because of credit constraint. The logit result (all at p < 0.05) showed that farming experience, farm size, awareness of credit source, cooperative participation, access to extension service and farm income were associated with both access to credit and farmers’ use of appropriate waste management practice. Based on the findings, it is recommended that better waste management practices among poultry farmers should be enhanced by facilitating increased access to credit and this is sine qua non to mitigating climate change.
Key words: climate change, credit access, faecal management, Nigeria, poultry
PERAN PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN ANAK USIA DINI DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Wiwiet Arie Shanty  , Tafonao Talizaro 
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah melihat sejauh mana peran psikologi Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam menyiapkan metode pembelajaran kepada anak usia dini di masa pandemi. Hal ini dikarenakan pembelajaran anak usia dini di masa pandemi covid 19 menjadi perhatian dan tantangan tersendiri bagi guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran. Selain itu, pendidikan pada anak usia dini memerlukan strategi yang cukup memadai. Itulah sebabnya guru dituntut untuk berupaya memahami berbagai problem yang dihadapi dalam mendidik anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui pengamatan langsung oleh peneliti dan wawancara dengan guru dan orang tua wali murid. Proses analisis yang dilakukan adalah menggunakan berbagai sumber literatur baik jurnal, buku, dan bahan referensi lainnya yang terpercaya untuk mendukung analisis penulis. Hasil kajian yang dilakukan menemukan banwa peran psikologi pendidikan agama Kristen di dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran anak usia dini sangat besar karena menentukan metode dan strategi pembelajaran anak usia dini di masa pandemi, yaitu daring dan tatap muka dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan. Psikologi pendidikan di masa pandemi sangat signifikan diterapkan sebagai solusi dalam memahami kebutuhan anak-anak didik baik secara kognitif, afektif, psikomotorik serta spiritual.
Variation in leaf morphology of Quercus pontica natural populations in Turkey
Authors: Yildirim Nebahat , Turna İbrahim 
Published: July 2021

Quercus pontica K.Koch is a relict plant species which is classified as vulnerable (VU) in Turkey. Within the scope of this study it needed to be investigated are there variations in leaf morphological characteristics within and among Q. pontica populations. Variation in leaf traits in relation to seven different natural provinces was identified. In total, 99 individuals were selected, and 30 leaves were collected from each shrub to determine leaf variations in Q. pontica populations. Mean values for petiole length (1.07 cm), leaf length (17.13 cm), lamina length (16.13 cm), leaf width (8.10 cm), leaf area (93.76 cm2), leaf vein angle (54.22 degree), total number of primary veins (38.72), total number of teeth (40.73), petiole ratio (6.34%), relative length of lamina at largest width (50.50%), and percentage of venation (98.65%) were determined in all populations. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences (p< 0.01) among individuals within populations for all leaf characteristics. Variations among populations were detected by cluster analysis and principal components analysis. According to the analysis results, the 11 populations were grouped in three categories. Using correlation analysis, statistically significant relationships between leaf traits were determined. In this study, we detected no significant relationship between environmental factors (altitude, aspect, annual temperature and annual precipitation) and leaf traits. Key words: leaf morphology, Quercus pontica, relict, variation
Belanja Online di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus Ibu-ibu Rumah Tangga di Kota Makassar
Authors: Juniar Andi Maghfirah , Jusrianti Jusrianti 
Published: July 2021

In early 2020 the world was shocked by the outbreak of a new type of virus (SARS-CoV-2) known as Corona virus disease 2019 (abbreviated as Covid-19), whose first case was discovered at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The outbreak of the Covid-19 was known to have entered Indonesia in mid-March 2020, resulting in Indonesia entering the Disaster Emergency Period. The entry of Covid-19 in Indonesia prompted the government to adopt a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy to stop the wider spread of Covid-19. With this policy, people's activities outside the home are limited, and more people's activities are diverted at home, including shopping online through applications. In this context, the ease of shopping online may resulted in consumptive behavior when one can't control him/herself.
This research was conducted between September and November 2020 in the city of Makassar City. Makassar was chosen because based on online observations, many housewives in the Makassar area tend to behave consumptively during the outbreak Covid-19. This can be seen from the habit of shopping online which is supported by technology and the ease of accessing online applications. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observation. Those who participated in this study were ten housewives who had a history of routine shopping online using a shopping application.
The study indicates that the Covid-19 pandemi has limited people's mobility, one of which is social restriction policies issued by the government which has changed many aspect of human life, including their shopping method. This shopping method has changed from direct shopping through which human interaction occurs to more often online shopping, using online shopping applications. Housewives perceive online shopping in various ways, from relating it to the simplicity of shopping; transaction process using advanced technology; to shopping by using online shopping applications. The reasons why online shopping is in favour among housewives during the Covid-19 pandemi are the availability of a variety of offered goods, its convenience and practicality, its safety and comfort, and its discount offers. During the Covid-19 pandemi, this way of shopping intensifies. In addition to its advantages, online shopping also has weaknesses, namely the discrepancy between the appearance of the goods ordered and the reality of the goods received; the purchased goods cannot be received directly because it requires delivery time; vulnerability to damage to goods in the shipping process, and vulnerability to fraud. Therefore, consumers must consider the needs and desires in order to be able to control themselves in shopping because not all the desired items are needed items. In addition, fraud is vulnerable in online shopping. Thus consumers not only have to question the goods to be purchased in as much detail as possible; selective in choosing online stores; but also one must identify the track record of intended online store.
Emotions, communicational process and inclusion of people with disabilities in the work context
Authors: Nogueira Marta Alexandra Gonçalves , De Sousa Célia Maria Adão de Oliveira Aguiar 
Published: July 2021

The general objective of this research focuses on understanding how the labor market integrates people with disabilities (PwD), understanding their emotions and how they manage them throughout the work day, and knowing how communication is processed in the workplace. The following specific objectives were then defined: to know the degree of awareness that disabled workers have about their emotions in their daily interactions in the workplace, and to analyze the communicative interactions of PwD in the work environment.
A mixed methodology was chosen, using qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative methodology used semi-structured interviews, and the quantitative methodology used a questionnaire. The sample was made up of 50 disabled workers and 314 co-workers of the same (n=314), employees of the Auchan Portugal Group.
The results showed that: of the four dimensions under study (General Perception of Hiring, Emotional Intelligence, Interpersonal Communication and Integration/Insertion in the workplace) the great majority of PwD co-workers agreed or totally agreed with the items of the four dimensions, which suggests a positive score with the themes under study, the PwD are able to identify the emotions that most characterize the day-to-day at work, but most disguise the discomfort felt and do not clearly communicate to the other what emotion they felt, most PwD communicate to the other the behavior that caused them discomfort, PwD do not consider the communication channels confusing, most PwD feel integrated in the company and state that no specific adaptation has been made, most of the interviewees suggest a greater sensitivity on the part of the employer and work adapted to the person and his/her disability.
Cantonese as a World Language
Authors: Zeng Jiaqing , Agha Asif 
Published: July 2021

In this paper, I will be comparing different registers of Cantonese from all around the world, mainly focusing on the Pearl River Delta region after the 1800s. Yet my larger purpose is to draw attention to how these different registers relate to the cultural values and social lives of the people living in those places. Max Weinreich, a pioneer sociolinguist and Yiddish scholar once said, “a language is a dialect with an army and a navy (Fishman).” Cantonese is no exception, and the state of this language has been dependent upon four factors: the geographic distribution of the Cantonese-speaking population, the economic development of Cantonese-speaking regions, official status, and international significance.
Restaurateur Lockdown Blues
Authors: Ojha Sukriti , Choo Kah Ying 
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has plunged the Indian restaurant industry into its worst crisis. This research study is a case study analysis on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the restaurant industry in Lucknow, India. Data was gathered through an online survey of Indian respondents residing in Lucknow regarding the changes in their usage of restaurant services (actual and anticipated) before and after the lockdown. Variables compared included: frequency levels of dining out, food delivery, and monthly expenditure on outside food. In addition, the relative importance of three factors- the decline in coronavirus-related deaths, the easing of social distancing measures, and the lifting of mask requirements- on the dining out frequency was analysed. Based on the results, the three variables compared showed statistically significant declines. However, in the case of the three factors influencing dining out frequency, it was discovered that while the decline in deaths did have a statistically significant impact on dining out frequency, none of the factors were considerably important. Taking the results into account, it becomes imperative that restaurants enforce safety guidelines strictly and promote their actions efficiently. Innovative ideas like incorporating bento box services and immunity-boosting dishes may enable restaurants to survive through the crisis.
The Synergistic Effects of Rhamnolipids and Antibiotics Against Bacteria
Authors: Shusterman Ella , Mottahedeh Abigail , McCarthy Merideth 
Published: July 2021

Antibiotics are used to combat bacterial infections by slowing down and preventing the proliferation of bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is a threat to human health, attributed to its overuse and misuse. Altering the membrane permeability to induce antibiotic uptake may be an effective strategy used against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative infectious bacteria. Rhamnolipids (RLs) are biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RLs surface-active properties operate by creating holes in bacterial cell membranes, increasing target cell permeability; allowing antibiotics to penetrate the cell.

Rhamnolipids enhance the effect of antibiotics by targeting the intracellular machinery of bacteria. This project tested the susceptibility of bacteria when exposed to antibiotics with and without the addition of RLs, to quantitatively determine if RLs increase antibiotic potency. By analyzing the zones of inhibition data, the results demonstrated that RLs potentiated the antibiotics. Notably, kanamycin coupled with RLs had the most effect inhibiting bacterial growth.
To further assess rhamnolipid biosynthesis, a BLAST search was performed exclusively on two genes, rhlA and rhlB. These genes code for the production of two proteins necessary for rhamnolipids. The search indicated a 48% correlation with putative proteins found in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Therefore, based on the experimental results and the BLAST analysis, further research should be conducted to explore the possible role of using rhamnolipids as antibiotic enhancers. Specifically, future experiments could focus on isolating the putative proteins of B.pseudomallei to genetically modify E.coli. Furthermore, isolated studies analyzing the genes of proteins to determine their role in the pathogenicity of Burkholderia species.
Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on School Adjustment in Elementary School Aged Children
Authors: Yang Jingyi , Modry-Mandell Kerri L. 
Published: July 2021

Congenital heart disease or congenital heart defect (CHD) is an abnormality of the heart that develops before birth (American Heart Association, 2018). While much is known about how children are physically affected, less is known about the psychological impacts of CHD. In particular, little is known about school adjustment or the process of adapting to the role of a student and to various aspects of the school environment, while failure to adjust can cause academic and social-emotional problems (Lakhani, Jain, & Chandel, 2017). This review aims to investigate how and to what extent having CHD affects school adjustment in elementary school aged children (grades 1-5) (a group oftentimes overlooked as insignificant) and if the severity of CHD in elementary-aged children impacts their ability to adjust in schools. By reviewing literal and studies published in the past 50 years, the review reaches the conclusion that CHD does have negative effects on school adjustment and the severity of CHD positively correlates with difficulty to adjust. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the current studies regarding children with CHD and their relationship to different aspects of school and the school environment as well as propose a study that is multi-site, multi-informant, and multi-method. The result of this review has compelling clinical and theoretical significance, benefiting clinicians and practitioners, teachers and educators, and researchers by bridging the gap between existing and unknown knowledge of elementary-aged children with CHD and their school adjustment.
Exploring the Relationship Between Trees and Human Stress in the Urban Environment
Authors: Townsend Joseph B. , Ilvento Thomas W. , Barton Susan S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe research literature describes a positive relationship between seeing plants and human well-being. More rapid recovery from surgery, reduced incidence of neighborhood crime, increased baby birth weight, and increased trust of neighborhood merchants are among the benefits attributed to exposure to trees and shrubs. This study attempted to find a common explanation for these outcomes. It examined the connection between urban trees and neighborhood stress. Each of the stated outcomes can be attributed, in part, to stress reduction. The literature indicated that stress reduction is one of the consequences of exposure to plants. Stress levels were measured at the block level in Wilmington, Delaware, U.S., by means of a survey mailed to 2,704 residents. Physical conditions were catalogued using an on-site inventory. The survey and inventory demonstrated that the total number of trees on a block has a strong negative relationship with neighborhood stress and a positive relationship with self-reported health. The results suggest that moderation of stress is one of the factors that underlies the beneficial consequences of exposure to green vegetation on inner-city blocks. This research should prove useful to city planners and urban residents alike.
Impact of Nursery Root Pruning and Tree Orientation at Planting on Growth and Anchorage
Authors: Gilman Edward F. , Paz Maria , Harchick Chris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRoot pruning by shaving 12 L container root balls when shifting to 51 L containers did not impactAcer rubrumL. orQuercus virginianaMill. root architecture within the top 12 cm of planted 51 L root balls five years later, despite marked differences at planting, and had no impact on tree height or trunk diameter increase. Root pruning in the nursery did not affect bending stress required to tiltAcertrunks up to five degrees (anchorage) either one, two, or three years after landscape planting. In contrast, anchorage was greater the second year after plantingQuercusthat were root pruned. Rotating trees 180 degrees at planting from their orientation in the nursery had no impact onAcerorQuercusanchorage, tree height, or trunk diameter. Rotating oak (not maple) trees 180 degrees at planting increased root cross-sectional area growing from the hot (south) side of the root ball when trees were rotated at planting.
Differential Environments Influence Initial Transplant Establishment Among Tree Species Produced in Five Container Sizes
Authors: Garcia-Chance Lauren M. , Arnold Michael A. , Denny Geoffrey C. , Carver Sean T. , King Andrew R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEffects of two post-transplant environments were tested on trees grown in five nursery container sizes to determine differences in initial post-transplant growth.Vitex agnus-castusL.,Acer rubrumL. var.drummondii(Hook. & Arn. ex Nutt.) Sarg., andTaxodium distichum(L.) Rich. grown in 3.5 L (#1), 11.7 L (#3), 23.3 L (#7), 97.8 L (#25), and 175.0 L (#45) containers were transplanted in early summer into field plots in College Station, Texas, and Starkville, Mississippi, U.S. Height, trunk diameter, and canopy width measurements were recorded after nursery production and the end of the first growing season to determine initial growth during landscape establishment. Growth ofA. rubrumandT. distichumwere significantly (P≤ 0.05) affected by interactions among container sizes and environments, whileV. agnus-castusdid not demonstrate a difference between environments but were affected by container sizes. Across all species and locations, trees transplanted from smaller container sizes exhibited a greater percent change in growth than the larger container-size trees. Greater percent change in growth measures in the smaller container-size trees during the first growing season may indicate a more rapid establishment time compared to trees from larger containers. Where differential responses to environments occurred, predominantly the beneficial effects of smaller container sizes on post-transplant establishment were accentuated with more stressful establishment conditions.
Forecasting the Effects of Heat and Pests on Urban Trees: Impervious Surface Thresholds and the ‘Pace-to-Plant’ Technique
Authors: Dale Adam G. , Youngsteadt Elsa , Frank Steven D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTrees provide ecosystem services that benefit humans and the environment. Unfortunately, urban trees often do not provide maximum services due to abiotic stress and arthropod herbivores and borers. These problems often originate from trees being planted in unsuitable conditions. Cities are warmer than natural areas because impervious surfaces absorb and reradiate heat. Higher temperatures can increase pest insect abundance and water stress, and reduce street tree condition relative to natural forests. For example, the gloomy scale insect [Melanaspis tenebricosaComstock (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)], a pest of red maple (Acer rubrum) street trees, is more abundant in warmer than cooler urban sites.Acer rubrum, at warmer urban sites with moreM. tenebricosa, are typically in poor condition. Here, researchers demonstrate these relationships and illustrate how impervious surface cover can be used to predict the condition ofA. rubrumstreet trees. Impervious surface thresholds were then developed to define suitable planting sites that can be used by individuals with access to GIS software. Researchers present the ‘Pace-to-Plant’ technique, which can be used by landscape professionals to quickly estimate impervious surface cover around a planting site. These thresholds predict future tree condition based on planting site impervious surface cover. The hope is that more informed planting will minimize pest infestations and maximize the future vigor and performance of street trees.