bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstrução cirúrgica por biomateriais: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Silva Sofia Brandão Torres , Andrade Andressa Ferreira , Figueiredo Bárbara Queiroz de , Freitas Flávia Garcia , Barcelos Luísa Babilônia , Peres Maria Luísa Alves , Silvano Rayane Cristina Neves Dias , Soares Rafael Sávio 
Published: September 2021

Introdução: os biomateriais têm por definição qualquer substância biocompatível, que não seja droga, sintética ou natural, que por um período complete, aumente ou substitua a função de um tecido ou órgão, sendo utilizados em pós trauma. Objetivo: verificar, dentro da literatura existente, quais são os biomateriais disponíveis e suas melhores formas de utilização na reconstrução cirúrgica. Metodologia: consiste em uma revisão integrativa de literatura sobre reconstrução cirúrgica por biomateriais, a partir do estabelecimento das palavras-chave da pesquisa, foi realizado o cruzamento dos descritores “biomateriais”; “materiais biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico”; “enxerto”; “cirurgia plástica/reabilitação”; “bioengenharia”, nas seguintes bases de dados: dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Google Scholar, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e EBSCO Information Services, no mês de agosto de 2021, sendo considerados estudos publicados no período compreendido entre 2008 e 2021. Resultados e discussão: segundo os resultados coletados, a partir dos artigos científicos, há uma grande disponibilidade de biomateriais para reconstrução, onde cada tipo pode beneficiar diferentes indivíduos. Considerando a gama de biomateriais disponíveis, há uma disponibilidade diferente para cada um, mas a finalidade é trazer benefícios ao processo regenerativo aos indivíduos. Conclusão: fica sob responsabilidade do profissional optar pela melhor biomaterial disponível individualmente a cada paciente e condição clínica.
Microbiomes and Resistomes in Biopsy Tissue and Intestinal Lavage Fluid of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yuan Yumeng , Chen Yihuan , Yao Fen , Zeng Mi , Xie Qingdong , Shafiq Muhammad , Noman Sohail Muhammad , Jiao Xiaoyang 
Published: September 2021

Aim: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis, but compositions of microorganisms have been inconsistent in previous studies due to the different types of specimens. We investigated the microbiomes and resistomes of CRC patients with colonic biopsy tissue and intestinal lavage fluid (IVF).Methods: Paired samples (biopsy tissue and IVF) were collected from 20 patients with CRC, and their gut microbiomes and resistomes were measured by shotgun metagenomics. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Bioinformatics (KneadData, Kraken2, and FMAP) and statistical analysis were done using the R (v4.0.2) software.Results: Bacterial diversity in IVF was higher than in tissue samples, and bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were 2,757 in IVF vs. 197 in tissue. β-diversity showed distinct clusters in paired samples. The predominant bacteria in IVF were phylum Proteobacteria, while the predominant bacteria of tissue were phylum Actinobacteria. Twenty-seven representative bacteria were selected to form six bacterial clusters, which showed only Firmicutes Cluster 1, and the Bacteroidetes Cluster 1 were significantly more abundant in the IVF group than those in the tissue group (p &lt; 0.05). The Firmicutes Cluster 2, Bacteroidetes Cluster 2, Pathogen Cluster, and Prevotella Cluster were not significantly different between IVF and tissue (p &gt; 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that some bacteria could have effects on metabolic and inflammatory parameters of CRC patients. A total of 1,295 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were detected in the gut microbiomes, which conferred multidrug resistance, as well as resistance to tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and more. Co-occurrence patterns revealed by the network showed mainly ARG-carrying bacteria to be similar between IVF and tissue, but leading bacteria located in the hub differed between IVF and tissue.Conclusion: Heterogeneity of microbiota is particularly evident when studied with IVF and tissue samples, but bacterial clusters that have close relationships with CRC carcinogenesis are not significantly different, using IVF as an alternative to tissue for gut microbiome, and resistome assessment may be a feasible method.
Novel Morphological Features on CMR for the Prediction of Pathogenic Sarcomere Gene Variants in Subjects Without Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: van der Velde Nikki , Huurman Roy , Hassing H. Carlijne , Budde Ricardo P. J. , van Slegtenhorst Marjon A. , Verhagen Judith M. A. , Schinkel Arend F. L. , Michels Michelle , Hirsch Alexander 
Published: September 2021

Background: Carriers of pathogenic DNA variants (G+) causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can be identified by genetic testing. Several abnormalities have been brought forth as pre-clinical expressions of HCM, some of which can be identified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). In this study, we assessed morphological differences between G+/left ventricular hypertrophy-negative (LVH-) subjects and healthy controls and examined whether CMR-derived variables are useful for the prediction of sarcomere gene variants.Methods: We studied 57 G+ subjects with a maximal wall thickness (MWT) &lt; 13 mm, and compared them to 40 healthy controls matched for age and sex on a group level. Subjects underwent CMR including morphological, volumetric and function assessment. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the determination of predictive CMR characteristics, by which a scoring system for G+ status was constructed.Results: G+/LVH- subjects were subject to alterations in the myocardial architecture, resulting in a thinner posterior wall thickness (PWT), higher interventricular septal wall/PWT ratio and MWT/PWT ratio. Prominent hook-shaped configurations of the anterobasal segment were only observed in this group. A model consisting of the anterobasal hook, multiple myocardial crypts, right ventricular/left ventricular ratio, MWT/PWT ratio, and MWT/left ventricular mass ratio predicted G+ status with an area under the curve of 0.92 [0.87–0.97]. A score of ≥3 was present only in G+ subjects, identifying 56% of the G+/LVH- population.Conclusion: A score system incorporating CMR-derived variables correctly identified 56% of G+ subjects. Our results provide further insights into the wide phenotypic spectrum of G+/LVH- subjects and demonstrate the utility of several novel morphological features. If genetic testing for some reason cannot be performed, CMR and our purposed score system can be used to detect possible G+ carriers and to aid planning of the control intervals.
S-Propargyl-Cysteine Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice Through Activation of Cardiac Insulin Receptor Signaling
Authors: Li Ye , Xie Kui-Fang , Chang Ya-Hong , Wang Cheng , Chen Ying , Wang Ming-Jie , Zhu Yi-Chun 
Published: September 2021

Background: Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as a key signal molecule in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of S-propargyl-cysteine (SPRC), a novel modulator of endogenous H2S, on diabetic cardiomyopathy in db/db diabetic mice.Methods and Results: Vehicle or SPRC were orally administered to 8-month-old male db/db mice and their wild type littermate for 12 weeks. SPRC treatment ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and cardiac systolic dysfunction assessed by histopathological examinations and echocardiography. The functional improvement by SPRC was accompanied by a reduction in myocardial lipid accumulation and ameliorated plasma lipid profiles. SPRC treatment improved glucose tolerance in db/db mice, with fasting blood glucose and peripheral insulin resistance remaining unchanged. Furthermore, insulin receptor signaling involving the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) were elevated and activated by SPRC treatment. Primary neonatal mice cardiomyocytes were cultured to explore the mechanisms of SPRC on diabetic cardiomyopathy in vitro. Consistent with the results in vivo, SPRC not only up-regulated insulin receptor signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes in dose-dependent manner in the basal state, but also relieved the suppression of insulin receptor signaling induced by high concentrations of glucose and insulin. Furthermore, SPRC also enhanced the expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and 3H glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes.Conclusions: In this study, we found a novel beneficial effect of SPRC on diabetic cardiomyopathy, which was associated with activation of insulin receptor signaling. SPRC may be a promising medication for diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Development and Initial Characterization of Cellular Models for COG Complex-Related CDG-II Diseases
Authors: Sumya Farhana Taher , Pokrovskaya Irina D. , Lupashin Vladimir 
Published: September 2021

Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) is an octameric protein complex that orchestrates intra-Golgi trafficking of glycosylation enzymes. Over a hundred individuals with 31 different COG mutations have been identified until now. The cellular phenotypes and clinical presentations of COG-CDGs are heterogeneous, and patients primarily represent neurological, skeletal, and hepatic abnormalities. The establishment of a cellular COG disease model will benefit the molecular study of the disease, explaining the detailed sequence of the interplay between the COG complex and the trafficking machinery. Moreover, patient fibroblasts are not a good representative of all the organ systems and cell types that are affected by COG mutations. We developed and characterized cellular models for human COG4 mutations, specifically in RPE1 and HEK293T cell lines. Using a combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and lentiviral transduction technologies, both myc-tagged wild-type and mutant (G516R and R729W) COG4 proteins were expressed under the endogenous COG4 promoter. Constructed isogenic cell lines were comprehensively characterized using biochemical, microscopy (superresolution and electron), and proteomics approaches. The analysis revealed similar stability and localization of COG complex subunits, wild-type cell growth, and normal Golgi morphology in all three cell lines. Importantly, COG4-G516R cells demonstrated increased HPA-647 binding to the plasma membrane glycoconjugates, while COG4-R729W cells revealed high GNL-647 binding, indicating specific defects in O- and N-glycosylation. Both mutant cell lines express an elevated level of heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Moreover, a quantitative mass-spectrometry analysis of proteins secreted by COG-deficient cell lines revealed abnormal secretion of SIL1 and ERGIC-53 proteins by COG4-G516R cells. Interestingly, the clinical phenotype of patients with congenital mutations in the SIL1 gene (Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome) overlaps with the phenotype of COG4-G516R patients (Saul-Wilson syndrome). Our work is the first compressive study involving the creation of different COG mutations in different cell lines other than the patient’s fibroblast. It may help to address the underlying cause of the phenotypic defects leading to the discovery of a proper treatment guideline for COG-CDGs.
Case Report: Efficiency of Embolization Microcoils for the Repair of Brachiocephalic Vein Perforation During Hemodialysis Catheter Placement
Authors: Hu Ying , Gu Fujia , Yuan Ping , Shi Min , Ma Liang , Zha Yan , Fu Ping 
Published: September 2021

Background: The cuff catheter is one of the most common routes of vascular access in hemodialysis patients, while severe complications can occur during cuff catheter placement, such as bleeding, hematoma, and artery or vein damage. During catheterization, brachiocephalic vein perforation associated with a mediastinal lesion is rare. Open chest repair is effective for brachiocephalic vein perforation during catheter placement, but it entails a risk of potentially lethal trauma. Interventional treatment can be considered to reduce injury in this context, but relevant reports are limited.Case report: Herein, we describe our experience with a 68-year-old male hemodialyzed patient in whom cuff catheter vascular access was required for regular hemodialysis. He complained of mild pain in the left side of his chest during cuff catheter placement. The surgeon immediately checked the location of the catheter. Digital subtraction angiography revealed that the hemodialysis cuff catheter had punctured the mediastinal area from the left brachiocephalic vein. The patient was diagnosed with left brachiocephalic vein perforation (d ≈ 5 mm). Fortunately, the brachiocephalic vein perforation was successfully repaired with two embolization microcoils after comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary consultation.Conclusion: Brachiocephalic vein perforation can be repaired with embolization microcoils during hemodialysis catheter placement, and this method of interventional treatment is safe and effective.
Fingolimod and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Drug Repurposing Study
Authors: Gesualdo Carlo , Balta Cornel , Platania Chiara Bianca Maria , Trotta Maria Consiglia , Herman Hildegard , Gharbia Sami , Rosu Marcel , Petrillo Francesco , Giunta Salvatore , Della Corte Alberto , Grieco Paolo , Bellavita Rosa , Simonelli Francesca , D’Amico Michele , Hermenean Anca , Rossi Settimio , Bucolo Claudio 
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to investigate the interactions between fingolimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) agonist, and melanocortin receptors 1 and 5 (MCR1, MCR5). In particular, we investigated the effects of fingolimod, a drug approved to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, on retinal angiogenesis in a mouse model of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We showed, by a molecular modeling approach, that fingolimod can bind with good-predicted affinity to MC1R and MC5R. Thereafter, we investigated the fingolimod actions on retinal MC1Rs/MC5Rs in C57BL/6J mice. Diabetes was induced in C57BL/6J mice through streptozotocin injection. Diabetic and control C57BL/6J mice received fingolimod, by oral route, for 12 weeks and a monthly intravitreally injection of MC1R antagonist (AGRP), MC5R antagonist (PG20N), and the selective S1PR1 antagonist (Ex 26). Diabetic animals treated with fingolimod showed a decrease of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2), compared to diabetic control group. Fingolimod co-treatment with MC1R and MC5R selective antagonists significantly (p &lt; 0.05) increased retinal VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFA levels compared to mice treated with fingolimod alone. Diabetic animals treated with fingolimod plus Ex 26 (S1PR1 selective blocker) had VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFA levels between diabetic mice group and the group of diabetic mice treated with fingolimod alone. This vascular protective effect of fingolimod, through activation of MC1R and MC5R, was evidenced also by fluorescein angiography in mice. Finally, molecular dynamic simulations showed a strong similarity between fingolimod and the MC1R agonist BMS-470539. In conclusion, the anti-angiogenic activity exerted by fingolimod in DR seems to be mediated not only through S1P1R, but also by melanocortin receptors.
Quantification of CYP3A and Drug Transporters Activity in Healthy Young, Healthy Elderly and Chronic Kidney Disease Elderly Patients by a Microdose Cocktail Approach
Authors: Rattanacheeworn Punyabhorn , Kerr Stephen J , Kittanamongkolchai Wonngarm , Townamchai Natavudh , Udomkarnjananun Suwasin , Praditpornsilpa Kearkiat , Thanusuwannasak Thanundorn , Udomnilobol Udomsak , Jianmongkol Suree , Ongpipattanakul Boonsri , Prueksaritanont Thomayant , Avihingsanon Yingyos , Chariyavilaskul Pajaree 
Published: September 2021

Background: Ageing and chronic kidney disease (CKD) affect pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Since mechanisms are related and remain unclear, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and drug transporter activities were investigated in the elderly with or without CKD and compared to healthy adults using a microdose cocktail.Methods: Healthy young participants (n = 20), healthy elderly participants (n = 16) and elderly patients with CKD (n = 17) received, in study period 1, a single dose of microdose cocktail probe containing 30 µg midazolam, 750 µg dabigatran etexilate, 100 µg atorvastatin, 10 µg pitavastatin, and 50 µg rosuvastatin. After a 14-day wash-out period, healthy young participants continued to study period 2 with the microdose cocktail plus rifampicin. PK parameters including area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax), and half-life were estimated before making pairwise comparisons of geometric mean ratios (GMR) between groups.Results: AUC and Cmax GMR (95% confidence interval; CI) of midazolam, a CYP3A probe substrate, were increased 2.30 (1.70–3.09) and 2.90 (2.16–3.88) fold in healthy elderly and elderly patients with CKD, respectively, together with a prolonged half-life. AUC and Cmax GMR (95%CI) of atorvastatin, another CYP3A substrate, was increased 2.14 (1.52–3.02) fold in healthy elderly and 4.15 (2.98–5.79) fold in elderly patients with CKD, indicating decreased CYP3A activity related to ageing. Associated AUC changes in the probe drug whose activity could be modified by intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity, dabigatran etexilate, were observed in patients with CKD. However, whether the activity of pitavastatin and rosuvastatin is modified by organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B (OATP1B) and of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), respectively, in elderly participants with or without CKD was inconclusive.Conclusions: CYP3A activity is reduced in ageing. Intestinal P-gp function might be affected by CKD, but further confirmation appears warranted.Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/ (TCTR 20180312002 registered on March 07, 2018)
Berberine Alleviates Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Through Modulating Gut Microbiota Mediated Intestinal FXR Activation
Authors: Shu Xiangbing , Li Meng , Cao Ying , Li Chunlin , Zhou Wenjun , Ji Guang , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2021

Berberine is a natural plant alkaloid isolated from a diverse range of genera, it obtains anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and hepatoprotective properties, and is a promising agent for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid receptor and a drug target for NASH, however, the underlying mechanisms of berberine on regulating FXR are still unknown. In the present study, we feed mice with a 12-week high-fat diet with interval dextran sulfate sodium (0.5% in drinking water) diet to induce NASH, and treat the mice with berberine (100 mg/kg per day) via oral gavage for additional 4 weeks. We demonstrate that administration of berberine alleviates steatosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver of NASH mice. We apply 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing to screen the structure of gut microbiota, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis to determine the bile acid profiles. The results show that berberine modulates gut dysbiosis, and specifically increases the relative abundance of Clostridiales, Lactobacillaceae, and Bacteroidale. Berberine modulated microbiomes are associated with bile acid de-conjugation and transformation, which are consistent with the altered bile acid species (e.g., deoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid) upon berberine treatment. BA species that respond to berberine treatment are known FXR agonists, thus we performed quantitative Real Time-PCR and western blot to examine the FXR pathway, and find that berberine up-regulates intestinal FXR and fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) expression, and the secretion of FGF15 further inhibits lipogenesis and nuclear factor-κB activation in the liver. Whereas the beneficial effects of berberine are blunted in FXR knockout mice. Our results reveal that berberine alleviates NASH by modulating the interplay of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism, as well as the subsequent intestinal FXR activation.
ABUNDANCIA POBLACIONAL DE Tetraclita Panamensis (Cirripedia: Tetraclitidae) BAJO DOS DIFERENTES CONDICIONES DE OLEAJE EN ISLA PALMA, PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Lizcano-Sandoval Luis David , Castro Sergio Iván 
Published: September 2021

Las poblaciones de balanos como Tetraclita panamensis están sometidos a factores bióticos y abióticos verticales de la zona intermareal, y también son susceptibles a las condiciones horizontales como el oleaje. Este estudio se enfocó en evaluar la abundancia horizontal y distribución vertical de T. panamensis bajo condiciones de oleaje fuerte y calmado, y de temperatura en Isla Palma (Pacifico Colombiano) como una medida indirecta de su adaptación a dichas condiciones. Se realizaron 30 cuadrantes en la zona occidental y 34 cuadrantes en la zona oriental de manera sistemática, en los que se registraron 1239 y 1156 individuos respectivamente. Las poblaciones de ambos lados de la isla no presentaron diferencias significativas (p= 0,319), esto sugieren que las poblaciones de T. panamesis se encuentran adaptadas a las condiciones de oleaje, mientras que la distribución vertical puede estar influenciada principalmente por las condiciones físicas y biológicas del terreno que reducen los efectos de la temperatura y humedad. Aun faltan estudios que demuestren que el oleaje está afectando el asentamiento y reclutamiento de los balanos en Isla Palma, y también de alguna forma su distribución.
Efecto del tipo de solvente y tamaño de partícula en la determinación de pH en compost
Authors: Delgado Jorge , Carril Victor , Marcelo Guisela , Oblitas Wendoly , Rodriguez Pepe , Incio Fernando , Romero Rolando 
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la metodología para la medición del potencial de iones hidrógeno (pH) en el compost. El diseño fue experimental, ya que a través de experimentos se pretendió llegar a la causa de un fenómeno, en ese sentido el pH, fue sometido a la influencia del volumen y tipo de extractante y el tamaño de partícula. Se encontró las relaciones de dependencia del valor del pH a partir de la variación del tamaño de partícula, el incremento de volumen del solvente, concentración y tipo de solvente. Los tamaños de partícula ensayados fueron de 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 y 2.0 mm. Los solventes empleados fueron agua, cloruro de potasio (KCl) y Cloruro de calcio dihidratado (CaCl2.2H2O) al 0.01 y 0.1molar. Se realizaron 100 mediciones de pH. Los resultados mostraron independencia cuando las condiciones de trabajo fueron 10 gramos de compost, tamaños de partícula entre 1.0 y 2.0 mm, en volúmenes de 100, 125 y 150 ml de CaCl2.2H2O de concentración 0.01 molar. Se concluye que cuando se emplea volúmenes entre 100 y 125 ml del CaCl2 0.01M, con tamaños de partícula de compost entre 1 y 2 mm, los valores del pH, tiende a ser homogéneos.