bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Canadian Rhinology Working Group consensus statement: Biologic therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Thamboo Andrew , Kilty S. , Witterick I. , Chan Y. , Chin C. J. , Janjua A. , Javer A. , Lee J. , Monterio E. , Rotenberg B. , Scott J. , Smith K. , Sommer D. D. , Sowerby L. , Tewfik M. , Wright E. , Desrosiers M. 
Published: March 2021

Background Recent evidence suggests that biologic therapy with targeted activity within the Type 2 inflammatory pathway can improve the clinical signs and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). There remains a population in CRSwNP that despite medical therapy and endoscopic sinus surgery have persistent signs and symptoms of disease. Therefore, biologics, monoclonal antibody agents, could be beneficial therapeutic treatments for these patients. There have been eight randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trails performed for CRSwNP targeted components of the Type 2 inflammatory pathway, notably interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, IL-5R, IL-33, and immunoglobulin (Ig)E. However, there are no formal recommendations for the optimal use of biologics in managing Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) within the Canadian health care environment. Methods A Delphi Method process was utilized involving three rounds of questionnaires in which the first two were completed individually online and the third was discussed on a virtual platform with all the panelists. 17 fellowship trained rhinologists across Canada evaluated the 28 original statements on a scale of 1–10 and provided comments. A rating within 1–3 indicated disagreement, 8–10 demonstrated agreement and 4–7 represented being neutral towards a statement. All ratings were quantitively reviewed by mean, median, mode, range and standard deviation. Consensus was defined by removing the highest and lowest of the scores and using the “3 point relaxed system”. Results After three rounds, a total of 11 statements achieved consensus. This white paper only contains the final agreed upon statements and clear rationale and support for the statements regarding the use of biologics in patients with CRS. Conclusion This white paper provides guidance to Canadian physicians on the use of biologic therapy for the management of patients with CRS, but the medical and surgical regimen should ultimately be individualized to the patient. As more biologics become available and additional trials are published we will provide updated versions of this white paper every few years. Graphical Abstract
The Grey-backed Shrike parents adopt brood survival strategy in both the egg and nestling phases
Authors: Fan Liqing , Gao Lifang , Zhu Zhenqin , Zhang Xiaodan , Zhang Wen , Zhang Haiyang , Li Jianchuan , Du Bo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Great diversity exists in the parenting pattern of altricial birds, which has long been considered as an adaptive response to specific environmental conditions but not to their life-history style.

Methods
We examined the egg-laying and nestling-raising pattern of the Grey-backed Shrike (Lanius tephronotus) that breeds only once a year on the Tibetan Plateau. We compared the dietary composition to that of its sympatric competitor, the Brown-cheeked Laughing Thrush (Trochalopteron henrici) that breeds twice a year.

Results
Female Grey-backed Shrikes produced a fixed clutch size of five, with increasing egg size by their laying sequence. The last offspring in the brood is disadvantageous in the size hierarchy because it hatches later. However, they had the largest fledgling body mass. These findings indicate that Grey-backed Shrikes adopt the brood survival strategy in both the egg and nestling phases. Moreover, males and females exhibit no sexual division in providing parental care as they made an equal contribution to the total amount of food delivered to their brood. This parenting pattern of Grey-backed Shrikes, as well as their dietary items, differ significantly from those of the Brown-cheeked Laughing Thrush.

Conclusions
We suggest that the differentiation in life-history style between sympatric competitors, rather than a behavioral response to specific environmental conditions, plays a decisive role in driving avian parenting strategy diversification.
Comprehensive circRNA-microRNA-mRNA network analysis revealed the novel regulatory mechanism of Trichosporon asahii infection
Authors: Zhang Ming-Wang , Zhu Zhi-Hong , Xia Zhi-Kuan , Yang Xin , Luo Wan-Ting , Ao Jun-Hong , Yang Rong-Ya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Invasive Trichosporon asahii (T. asahii) infection frequently occurs with a high mortality in immunodeficient hosts, but the pathogenesis of T. asahii infection remains elusive. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous noncoding RNA that participate in various disease processes. However, the mechanism of circRNAs in T. asahii infection remains completely unknown.

Methods
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to analyze the expression profiles of circRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs in THP-1 cells infected with T. asahii or uninfected samples. Some of the RNA-seq results were verified by RT-qPCR. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to analyze the differentially expressed mRNAs. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and overexpression experiments.

Results
A total of 46 circRNAs, 412 mRNAs and 47 miRNAs were differentially expressed at 12 h after T. asahii infection. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were primarily linked to the leukocyte migration involved in the inflammatory response, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and the TNF signaling pathway. A competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed with 5 differentially expressed circRNAs, 5 differentially expressed miRNAs and 42 differentially expressed mRNAs. Among them, hsa_circ_0065336 was found to indirectly regulate PTPN11 expression by sponging miR-505-3p.

Conclusions
These data revealed a comprehensive circRNA-associated ceRNA network during T. asahii infection, thus providing new insights into the pathogenesis of the T. asahii-host interactions.
A single-plasmid approach for genome editing coupled with long-term lineage analysis in chick embryos
Authors: Gandhi Shashank , Li Yuwei , Tang Weiyi , Christensen Jens B. , Urrutia Hugo A. , Vieceli Felipe M. , Piacentino Michael L. , Bronner Marianne E. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
An important strategy for establishing mechanisms of gene function during development is through mutation of individual genes and analysis of subsequent effects on cell behavior. Here, we present a single-plasmid approach for genome editing in chick embryos to study experimentally perturbed cells in an otherwise normal embryonic environment. To achieve this, we have engineered a plasmid that encodes Cas9 protein, gene-specific guide RNA (gRNA), and a fluorescent marker within the same construct. Using transfection- and electroporation-based approaches, we show that this construct can be used to perturb gene function in early embryos as well as human cell lines. Importantly, insertion of this cistronic construct into replication-incompetent avian retroviruses allowed us to couple gene knockouts with long-term lineage analysis. We demonstrate the application of our newly engineered constructs and viruses by perturbing β-catenin in vitro and Sox10, Pax6 and Pax7 in the neural crest, retina, and neural tube and segmental plate in vivo, respectively. Together, this approach enables genes of interest to be knocked out in identifiable cells in living embryos and can be broadly applied to numerous genes in different embryonic tissues.
Coronary blood flow influences tolerance to environmental extremes in fish
Authors: Morgenroth Daniel , McArley Tristan , Gräns Albin , Axelsson Michael , Sandblom Erik , Ekström Andreas 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Approximately half of all fishes have, in addition to the luminal venous O2 supply, a coronary circulation supplying the heart with fully oxygenated blood. Yet, it is not fully understood how coronary O2 delivery affects tolerance to environmental extremes such as warming and hypoxia. Hypoxia reduces arterial oxygenation, while warming increases overall tissue O2 demand. Thus, as both stressors are associated with reduced venous O2 supply to the heart, we hypothesised that coronary flow benefits hypoxia and warming tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we blocked coronary blood flow (via surgical coronary ligation) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and assessed how in vivo cardiorespiratory performance and whole-animal tolerance to acute hypoxia and warming was affected. While coronary ligation reduced routine stroke volume relative to trout with intact coronaries, cardiac output was maintained by an increase in heart rate. However, in hypoxia, coronary-ligated trout were unable to increase stroke volume to maintain cardiac output when bradycardia developed, which was associated with a slightly reduced hypoxia tolerance. Moreover, during acute warming, coronary ligation caused cardiac function to collapse at lower temperatures and reduced overall heat tolerance relative to trout with intact coronary arteries. We also found a positive relationship between individual hypoxia and heat tolerance across treatment groups, and tolerance to both environmental stressors was positively correlated with cardiac performance. Collectively, our findings show that coronary perfusion improves cardiac O2 supply and therefore cardiovascular function at environmental extremes, which benefits tolerance to natural and anthropogenically induced environmental perturbations.
Effects of Na+ channel isoforms and cellular environment on temperature tolerance of cardiac Na+ current in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Haverinen Jaakko , Dzhumaniiazova Irina , Abramochkin Denis V. , Hassinen Minna , Vornanen Matti 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Heat tolerance of heart rate in fish is suggested to be limited by impaired electrical excitation of the ventricle due to the antagonistic effects of high temperature on Na+ (INa) and K+ (IK1) ion currents (INa is depressed at high temperatures while IK1 is resistant to them). To examine the role of Na+ channel proteins in heat tolerance of INa, we compared temperature dependencies of zebrafish (Danio rerio, warm-dwelling subtropical species) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, cold-active temperate species) ventricular INa, and INa generated by the cloned zebrafish and rainbow trout NaV1.4 and NaV1.5 Na+ channels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings showed that zebrafish ventricular INa has better heat tolerance and slower inactivation kinetics than rainbow trout ventricular INa. In contrast, heat tolerance and inactivation kinetics of zebrafish and rainbow trout NaV1.4 channels are similar when expressed in the identical cellular environment of HEK cells. The same applies to NaV1.5 channels. These findings indicate that thermal adaptation of ventricular INa is largely achieved by differential expression of Na+ channel alpha subunits: zebrafish that tolerate higher temperatures mainly express the slower NaV1.5 isoform, while rainbow trout that prefer cold waters mainly express the faster NaV1.4 isoform. Differences in elasticity (stiffness) of the lipid bilayer and/or accessory protein subunits of the channel assembly may also be involved in thermal adaptation of INa. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that slow Na+ channel kinetics are associated with increased heat tolerance of cardiac excitation.
Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Presentation and Outcomes in Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases Following Cytoreduction and Chemoperfusion: Persistent Inequalities in Outcomes at a High-Volume Center
Authors: Rieser Caroline J. , Hoehn Richard S. , Zenati Mazen , Hall Lauren B. , Kang Eliza , Zureikat Amer H. , Lee Andrew , Ongchin Melanie , Holtzman Matthew P. , Pingpank James F. , Bartlett David L. , Choudry M. Haroon A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (CRS HIPEC) can offer significant survival advantage for select patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases (CRPM). Low socioeconomic status (SES) is implicated in disparities in access to care. We analyze the impact of SES on postoperative outcomes and survival at a high-volume tertiary CRS HIPEC center.

Patients and Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study examining patients who underwent CRS HIPEC for CRPM from 2000 to 2018. Patients were grouped according to SES. Baseline characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and survival were examined between groups.

Results
A total of 226 patients were analyzed, 107 (47%) low-SES and 119 (53%) high-SES patients. High-SES patients were younger (52 vs. 58 years, p = 0.01) and more likely to be White (95.0% vs. 91.6%, p = 0.06) and privately insured (83% vs. 57%, p < 0.001). They traveled significantly further for treatment and had lower burden of comorbidities and frailty (p = 0.01). Low-SES patients more often presented with synchronous peritoneal metastases (48% vs. 35%, p = 0.05). Following CRS HIPEC, low-SES patients had longer length of stay and higher burden of postoperative complications, 90-day readmission, and 30-day mortality. Median overall survival following CRS HIPEC was worse for low-SES patients (17.8 vs. 32.4 months, p = 0.02). This disparity persisted on multivariate survival analysis (low SES: HR = 1.46, p = 0.03).

Conclusions
Despite improving therapies for CRPM, low-SES patients remain at a significant disadvantage. Even patients who overcome barriers to care experience worse short- and long-term outcomes. Improving access and addressing these disparities is crucial to ensure equitable outcomes and improve patient care.
Checklists for image-guided interventions: a systematic review
Authors: Alexander Harry C , McLaughlin Scott JP , Thomas Robert H , Merry Alan F 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
Safety checklists have improved safety in patients undergoing surgery. Checklists have been designed specifically for use in image-guided interventions. This systematic review aimed to identify checklists designed for use in radiological interventions and to evaluate their efficacy for improving patient safety. Secondary aims were to evaluate attitudes toward checklists and barriers to their use.

Methods:
OVID, MEDLINE, CENTRAL and CINAHL were searched using terms for “interventional radiology” and “checklist”. Studies were included if they described pre-procedural checklist use in vascular/body interventional radiology (IR), paediatric IR or interventional neuro-radiology (INR). Data on checklist design, implementation and outcomes were extracted.

Results:
Sixteen studies were included. Most studies (n = 14, 87.5%) focused on body IR. Two studies (12.5%) measured perioperative outcome after checklist implementation, but both had important limitations. Checklist use varied between 54 and 100% and completion of items on the checklists varied between 28 and 100%. Several barriers to checklist use were identified, including a lack of leadership and education and cultural challenges unique to radiology.

Conclusions:
We found few reports of the use of checklists in image-guided interventions. Approaches to checklist implementation varied, and several barriers to their use were identified. Evaluation has been limited. There seems to be considerable potential to improve the effective use of checklists in radiological procedures.

Advances in knowledge:
There are few reports of the use of checklists in radiological interventions, those identified reported significant barriers to the effective use of checklists.
Team Orienteering with Time-Varying Profit
Authors: Yu Qinxiao , Adulyasak Yossiri , Rousseau Louis-Martin , Zhu Ning , Ma Shoufeng 
Published: March 2021

This paper studies the team orienteering problem, where the arrival time and service time affect the collection of profits. Such interactions result in a nonconcave profit function. This problem integrates the aspect of time scheduling into the routing decision, which can be applied in humanitarian search and rescue operations where the survival rate declines rapidly. Rescue teams are needed to help trapped people in multiple affected sites, whereas the number of people who could be saved depends as well on how long a rescue team spends at each site. Efficient allocation and scheduling of rescue teams is critical to ensure a high survival rate. To solve the problem, we formulate a mixed-integer nonconcave programming model and propose a Benders branch-and-cut algorithm, along with valid inequalities for tightening the upper bound. To solve it more effectively, we introduce a hybrid heuristic that integrates a modified coordinate search (MCS) into an iterated local search. Computational results show that valid inequalities significantly reduce the optimality gap, and the proposed exact method is capable of solving instances where the mixed-integer nonlinear programming solver SCIP fails in finding an optimal solution. In addition, the proposed MCS algorithm is highly efficient compared with other benchmark approaches, whereas the hybrid heuristic is proven to be effective in finding high-quality solutions within short computing times. We also demonstrate the performance of the heuristic with the MCS using instances with up to 100 customers. Summary of Contribution: Motivated by search and rescue (SAR) operations, we consider a generalization of the well-known team orienteering problem (TOP) to incorporate a nonlinear time-varying profit function in conjunction with routing and scheduling decisions. This paper expands the envelope of operations research and computing in several ways. To address the scalability issue of this highly complex combinatorial problem in an exact manner, we propose a Benders branch-and-cut (BBC) algorithm, which allows us to efficiently deal with the nonconcave component. This BBC algorithm is computationally enhanced through valid inequalities used to strengthen the bounds of the BBC. In addition, we propose a highly efficient hybrid heuristic that integrates a modified coordinate search into an iterated local search. It can quickly produce high-quality solutions to this complex problem. The performance of our solution algorithms is demonstrated through a series of computational experiments.
On Cluster-Aware Supervised Learning: Frameworks, Convergent Algorithms, and Applications
Authors: Chen Shutong , Xie Weijun 
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a cluster-aware supervised learning (CluSL) framework, which integrates the clustering analysis with supervised learning. The objective of CluSL is to simultaneously find the best clusters of the data points and minimize the sum of loss functions within each cluster. This framework has many potential applications in healthcare, operations management, manufacturing, and so on. Because CluSL, in general, is nonconvex, we develop a regularized alternating minimization (RAM) algorithm to solve it, where at each iteration, we penalize the distance between the current clustering solution and the one from the previous iteration. By choosing a proper penalty function, we show that each iteration of the RAM algorithm can be computed efficiently. We further prove that the proposed RAM algorithm will always converge to a stationary point within a finite number of iterations. This is the first known convergence result in cluster-aware learning literature. Furthermore, we extend CluSL to the high-dimensional data sets, termed the F-CluSL framework. In F-CluSL, we cluster features and minimize loss function at the same time. Similarly, to solve F-CluSL, a variant of the RAM algorithm (i.e., F-RAM) is developed and proven to be convergent to an [Formula: see text]-stationary point. Our numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed CluSL and F-CluSL can outperform the existing ones such as random forests and support vector classification, both in the interpretability of learning results and in prediction accuracy. Summary of Contribution: Aligned with the mission and scope of the INFORMS Journal on Computing, this paper proposes a cluster-aware supervised learning (CluSL) framework, which integrates the clustering analysis with supervised learning. Because CluSL is, in general, nonconvex, a regularized alternating projection algorithm is developed to solve it and is proven to always find a stationary solution. We further generalize the framework to the high-dimensional data set, F-CluSL. Our numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed CluSL and F-CluSL can deliver more interpretable learning results and outperform the existing ones such as random forests and support vector classification in computational time and prediction accuracy.
Do People Understand the Benefit of Diversification?
Authors: Reinholtz Nicholas , Fernbach Philip M. , de Langhe Bart 
Published: March 2021

Diversification—investing in imperfectly correlated assets—reduces volatility without sacrificing expected returns. Although the expected return of a diversified portfolio is the weighted average return of its constituent parts, the variance of the portfolio is less than the weighted average variance of its constituent parts. Our results suggest that very few people have correct statistical intuitions about the effects of diversification. The average person in our data sees no benefit of diversification in terms of reducing portfolio volatility. Many people, especially those low in financial literacy, believe diversification actually increases the volatility of a portfolio. These people seem to believe that the unpredictability of individual assets compounds when aggregated together. Additionally, most people believe diversification increases the expected return of a portfolio. Many of these people correctly link diversification with the concept of risk reduction but seem to understand risk reduction to mean greater returns on average. We show that these beliefs can lead people to construct investment portfolios that mismatch investors’ risk preferences. Furthermore, these beliefs may help explain why many investors are underdiversified. This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, decision analysis.
A educação das famílias por Ofélia Boisson Cardoso: uma leitura da obra Problemas da Adolescência
Authors: De Almeida Orlando Evelyn , Estevam David Henllyger 
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a partir da análise da obra Problemas da adolescência, publicada em 1961, a contribuição da intelectual Ofélia Boisson Cardoso para a educação das famílias. Metodologicamente, buscamos ler a obra em sua materialidade e em seu conteúdo, visando compreender os saberes que a autora pretendia transmitir a seus leitores. A pesquisa se consolidou na perspectiva da História Cultural, tendo como metodologia a análise do livro como fonte documental privilegiada (LE GOFF, 1990). A partir da análise do impresso podemos concluir como os princípios cristãos, mais especificamente católicos, nortearam a problemática discutida pela autora, possibilitando que suas produções servissem também como instrumento de moralização das famílias brasileiras.