bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latest Classification and Such Functions of Human Hormones
Authors: Kabir Ashraful 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Based on the classification of human hormones, there is no solid idea in most books. In this view, this article could exemplify a concrete solution, especially for medical and university students. Hormones have many life-saving roles in the human body. With the deficiency of hormones, our body might fall into lots of problems. Data analyses of much information from books, articles, online supplements gave different ideas on total hormones. The result suggested that some hormones were secret from the same glands. Out of 110 hormones (when the same hormone came from different sources), exact different types of hormones were 88. Analyzed hormones consisted of four major groups- amine (4 hormones), eicosanoid (4), steroid (15), and peptide were (65) out of 88 endocrine chemicals. The endocrine and reproductive system (56) jointly secreted most of the hormones, and secondly gastrointestinal tract (26 hormones). Besides the organ system or glands, some are come out from the cell, tissue, tissue system, and placenta. This paper also mentions, phenotypically males and females exhibit many differences, hence hormonal analyses; they are more or less the same. For instance, many sex hormones are also present both in males and females. In the future, it needs to enhance more research on the classification of the hormones in the human body.
Difference Between ‘Lung Age’ and Real Age as a Novel Predictor of Postoperative Complications, Long-term Survival for Patients With Esophagus Cancer After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy
Authors: Hong Zhi-Nuan , Weng Kai , Chen Zhen , Peng Kaiming , Kang Mingqiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate whether difference between ‘lung age’ and real age (L-R) could be useful for the prediction of postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).Methods This retrospective cohort study included 625 consecutive patients who had undergone MIE. ‘Lung age’ was determined by the calculation method proposed by Japanese Respiratory Society. According to L-R, patients were classified into three groups: group A: L-R≦ 0 (n =104), group B:15>L-R>0 (n =199), group C:L-R≥15 (n = 322). Clinicopathological factors, postoperative complications evaluated by comprehensive complications index (CCI) and overall survival were compared between the groups. A CCI value >30 indicated a severe postoperative complication.Results Male, smoking status, smoking index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, lung age, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s were associated with group classification. CCI values, postoperative hospital stays, and hospital cost were significantly different among groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that L-R, coronary heart disease, 3-field lymphadnectomy were significant factors for prediction of CCI value>30. Regarding overall survival, there was a significant difference between group A and group B+C (log rank test: P= 0.03). Conclusions Esophageal cancer patients with impaired pulmonary function had a higher risk of severe postoperative complications and poorer prognosis than those with normal pulmonary function. Difference between ‘lung age’ and ‘real age’ is a novel predictor of severe postoperative complications and long-term survival and has extensive clinical value.
Investigations on the changed intensity shot peening specimens machined from SS304: process characterization, fatigue modeling and failure analyses
Authors: YANG Shun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Characterization on the surface morphology, residual stress relaxation and fatigue life prediction of the changed intensity shot peening specimens machined from SS304 were carried out. The present work aims, first and foremost, to model the fatigue performance of shot peening specimens machined from SS304 in extra-low-, low- and high-cycle regime by clarifying the relaxation life component and fatigue life component with the total failure life, thereby successfully evaluating the fatigue performance of un-/0.1 mmA-/0.25 mmA-/0.4 mmA-peened components with satisfactory results in the whole cycle regime. It is, therefore, essential to provide a precise definition of the master life diagram on the purpose of evaluating the fatigue performance of shot peening components in service by linear interpolation of shot peening intensities considering the engineering applicability. Additionally, the characterization of multiple-fatigue crack initiation to failure was also identified by fractography analysis, which reasonably illustrated the non-conservative life prediction in the high-cycle regime.
Physical activity associates with enhanced immunogenicity of an inactivated virus vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Authors: Gualano Bruno , Lemes Italo , Silva Rafael , Pinto Ana , Mazzolani Bruna , Smaira Fabiana , Sieczkowska Sofia , Aikawa Nadia , Pasoto Sandra , Medeiros-Ribeiro Ana , Saad Carla , Yuk Emily , Silva Clovis , Swinton Paul , Hallal Pedro , Roschel Hamilton , Bonfa Eloisa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Immunocompromised individuals show lower vaccine immunogenicity, which may be modulated by physical activity. This prospective cohort study within a phase-4 vaccination trial investigated whether physical activity is associated with enhanced immunogenicity of Coronavac (SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) (n=898) and non-ARD (n=197) individuals without pre-existing immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 after receiving a two-dose vaccine schedule. Seroconversion rates of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG (SC), geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (GMT), factor-increase in GMT (FI-GMT), frequency of neutralizing antibody (NAb), and median neutralizing activity were assessed. After controlling for covariates, active patients (≥150 min/week) exhibited greater SC (OR: 1.4 [95%CI: 1.1-2.0]), GMT (32% [95%CI: 8.8-60) and FI-GMT (33% [95%CI: 9.6-63%]) vs. inactive. Cluster analysis (physical activity/sedentary status) revealed greater GMT (43.0% [95% CI: 11.0-84.0%) and FI-GMT (48.0% [95%CI: 14.0-92.0%]) in active/non-sedentary (≥150 min/week/<8h/day) vs. inactive/sedentary (<150 min/week/>8h/day) ARD. A dose-response was observed, with greater benefits for ≥350 min/week of physical activity (OR: 1.6 [95%CI: 1.1-2.4]; 41% [95%CI: 10-80%]; 35% [95%CI: 4.3-74], for SC, GMT, and FI-GMT, respectively). Greater SC (OR: 9.9 [95%CI: 1.1-89.0]) and GMT (26% [95%CI: 2.2-56.0%]) were observed in active vs. inactive non-ARD. A physically active lifestyle may enhance SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity, a finding of particular clinical relevance for immunocompromised individuals.
Loss of ASPM Disrupts Female Folliculogenesis in Mice
Authors: Mori Miyuki , Tando So , Ogi Hiroshi , Fujimori Akira , Itoh Kyoko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The abnormal spindle-like, microcephaly-associated (ASPM) gene is a causative gene of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) 5 in humans, which is characterized by a reduction in brain volume. It was previously reported that truncated ASPM proteins in transgenic mice caused major defects in the germline, a severe reduction in ovary weight and the number of follicles accompanied by reduced fertility. However; it remains unknown whether a loss of ASPM induces abnormal ovarian function, resulting in female infertility. Methods: In order to assess the ovary function, we examined vaginal smear cytology from the age of 7 weeks to 100 weeks in CAG-mediated Cre-loxP conditional Aspm-/- knockout mice and control female mice. In addition, we evaluated the ovarian size, fibrosis ratio and the number of follicles (primordial, primary, secondary, antral and atretic follicles) in mice from 15 weeks to 100 weeks old by image analyses. Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The size of the ovary was significantly reduced in Aspm knockout mice at 15-20 weeks, 40-50 weeks and 70-80 weeks old. compared with the control mice. Furthermore, at all stages, we found a severe decrease in the number of developing follicles at 10-15 weeks, 40-50 weeks and 70-80 weeks old, accompanied by disrupted cyclic changes of vaginal cytology. Conclusion: The results showing that folliculogenesis was significantly decreased and associated with abnormal vaginal cytology in Aspm knockout female ovaries suggested that ASPM might play an important role in the folliculogenesis and estrous cyclicity of the postnatal ovary.
Removal of Ions From Produced Water Using Powder River Basin Coal
Authors: Huang Zaixing , Liu Fang-Jing , Tang Mingcheng , Gao Yangyan , Bagley David , He Xin , Goroncy Alexander , Fan Maohong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Although becoming less attractive as an energy source, coal has significant potential for other, more sustainable uses including water treatment. In this study, we present a simple approach to treat water that was produced during oil production and contained a total dissolved solids (TDS) content of over 150 g/L using Powder River Basin (PRB) coal. PRB coal used as packing material in a flow-through column effectively removed 60-80% of the cations and anions simultaneously. Additionally, 71-92% of the total organic carbon in the produced water was removed as was all of the total suspended solids. The removal mechanisms of both cations and anions were investigated. Cations were removed by ion exchange with protons from oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxylic and phenolic hydroxyl groups. Anions, mainly Cl-1, appeared to be removed through either the formation of resonance structures as a result of delocalization of electrons within coal molecules or through ion-π interactions. We propose that coal is a “pseudo-amphoteric” exchange material that can remove cations and anions simultaneously by exchanging ions with both ionized and non-ionized acids that are ubiquitous in coal structure or resonance effect.
A kinetic theory of the pulsational mode of gravitational collapse in star-forming molecular clouds
Authors: Challam Dawroichuh , Karmakar Pralay Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A kinetic theory formulation of the pulsational mode of gravitational collapse (PMGC) in a complex unmagnetized self-gravitating partially ionized dense molecular cloud (DMC) is proposed. Applying a linear normal mode analysis, a quintic linear dispersion relation with a unique set of multi-parametric plasma-dependent coefficients is obtained. The reliability of the calculation scheme is validated in light of the various predictions available in the literature. It is then numerically analyzed in the parametric windows of judicious realistic input values. Our results indicate that the dust mass, equilibrium electron density, and equilibrium ion density act as destabilizing agencies to the PMGC evolution. In contrast, the dust charge number, equilibrium dust density, and dust temperature act as stabilizing agencies. The oscillatory and propagatory features of the PMGC are illustratively explained and comparatively validated in accordance with the observed astrophysical scenarios. This paper ends up with a brief highlight of the non-trivial implications and applications of the results actualizable in the self-gravitational collapse mechanism leading to varied structure formation processes in the mysterious astrocosmic universe.
Comparative transcriptome profiling provides insights into different photosynthetic responses in two tall fescue cultivars under low-light stress
Authors: Long Si , Liu Qian , Guo Huan , Li Xuan , You Xiangkai , Liu Bowen , Gao Shuanghong , Wen Suyun , Liu Tie-Yuan , Xu Yuefei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) is a primary cool-season forage and turfgrass, low-light (LL) stress is a primary limiting factor for turfgrass growth. Studies on two tall fescue cultivars, Arid 3 and Airlie, showed that Airlie is more susceptible to LL stress than Arid 3. However, the underlying susceptibility mechanism is obscure.
Results

In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptional changes of two tall fescue cultivars under LL stress. The two cultivars differed in growth characteristics, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence. A total of 136925 unigenes were obtained from our RNA-sequencing. There were 24944 and 30816 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LL stress and the control in Arid 3 and Airlie, respectively. Meanwhile, there were 20599 DEGs detected between Arid 3 and Airlie under the control, and under LL stress the DEGs between two cultivars were 20783. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis suggested that the DEGs are mainly involved in ‘cell prat’ and ‘glutathione metabolism’. These results indicated that LL stress affects the expression of phytochrome-interacting factor 5 (PIF5), constitutively photomorphogenic 1 (COP1), phytochrome A (PhyA), and phytochrome B (PhyB) in tall fescue, which are vital transcription factors. Genes related to chlorophyll metabolism and photosynthesis were also affected by LL stress, and were significantly differentially expressed between the two cultivars.
Conclusions

This study reveals two tall fescue cultivars develop different physiological and transcriptional changes to cope with LL stress, and provides an insight into different photosynthetic responses in two tall fescue cultivars responds to LL stress.
Relationship between eating behavior, quality of life and weight regain in women after bariatric surgery
Authors: Berino Talita Nogueira , Reis Aline Leão , Carvalhal Manuela Maria de Lima , Dias Jeane Lorena Lima , Teixeira Rachel Coêlho Ripardo , Gomes Daniela Lopes 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

PurposeEvaluate the relationship between eating behavior, perception of Quality of Life (QOL) and weight regain in women after 24 months of bariatric surgery.MethodsTransversal study carried out with 50 adult women. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, eating behavior (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - TFEQ-21) and perception of QOL (Item Short Form Healthy Survey - SF-36) data were collected.ResultsIn 60% (n = 30) there was weight regain (≥ 15%), with a mean weight regain of 23.3% (± 18.4). Emotional eating was the most frequent pattern (p = 0.047) in groups with and without weight regain. Regarding QOL, the functional capacity and limitation due to physical aspects domains had a better perception (p < 0.0001). Women without weight regain showed a better perception of the functional capacity aspects (p = 0.007), limitation due to physical aspects (p = 0.044), social aspects (p = 0.048) and general physical components (p = 0.016). Weight regain was associated with uncontrolled eating habits (p = 0.041) and also had an inverse association with the perception of QOL in physical components (p = 0.008).ConclusionWeight regain can damage the perception of QOL, especially physical capacity. Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the behavior of people who have undergone BS, in order to prevent weight regain and QOL damage.Level III - Case-control analytic study.
The Predictive Power of State-Level Health Care Utilization for Unintentional Fatal Fall Rates
Authors: Crowson Matthew Gordon , Beyea Jason A. , Cottrell Justin , Karmali Faisal , Lampasona Giovanni , Saunders James E. , Lewis Richard F 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo examine the predictive power of state-level care utilization and longitudinal trends in mortality from unintentional falls amongst different demographic and geographic strata.Study DesignNationwide, retrospective cohort study.SettingWeb-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) database.MethodsThe exposure was death from an unintentional fall as determined by the United States Centers for Disease Control. Outcomes included aggregate and trend crude and age adjusted death rates. Health care utilization, reimbursement, and cost metrics were also compared.ResultsOver 2001 to 2018, 465,486 total deaths due to unintentional falls were recorded with crude and age-adjusted rates of 8.42 and 7.76 per 100,000 population. Comparing age-adjusted rates, males had a significantly higher age-adjusted death rate (9.89 vs. 6.17; p < 0.00001), but both male and female annual age-adjusted mortality rates are expected to rise (Male: +0.25 rate/year, R 2 = 0.98; Female: +0.22 rate/year, R 2 = 0.99). There were significant increases in death rates commensurate with increasing age, with the adults aged 85 years or older having the highest aggregate (201.1 per 100,000) and trending death rates (+ 8.75 deaths per 100,000/year, R 2 = 0.99). Machine learning algorithms using health care utilization data were accurate in predicting state-level age-adjusted death rates.ConclusionIn the United States from 2001 through 2018, older adults carried the highest death rate from unintentional falls and this rate is forecasted to accelerate. Machine learning models have high accuracy in predicting state-level age-adjusted mortality rates from health care utilization data.
Predictors of welfare dependency at 1, 3 and 5 years after first visit to a jobs and benefits office due to mental health related sickness absence: A Danish cohort study
Authors: Hannerz Harald , Flyvholm Mari-Ann 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

The cost of mental ill health in the EU-28 nations was estimated at approximately 4.1% of the total gross domestic products (GDP). Improved rates of return to sustainable employment among people who are sick-listed due to mental ill health would decrease spending on welfare benefits and costs associated with lost productivity. The present cohort study provides statistical information that may be helpful in the design and prioritizing of efforts aimed at reducing the burden of sickness absence due to mental ill health among employees in the general working population of Denmark. Our primary aim was to estimate odds of receiving health and non-health related welfare benefits, respectively, (compared to being self-reliant) at 1, 3 and 5 years after a first visit to a jobs and benefits office due to mental health related sickness absence, as a function of industrial sector and job group skill level at baseline. A secondary aim was to analyse these odds as a function of baseline age, gender, type of mental ill health, family type and employment status.
Methods

The study population consisted of all 20–54 year-old persons on long-term sickness absence due to mental health problems in 21 Danish municipalities in 2010–2012 (N = 19,660). Odds ratios were estimated by use of multinomial logistic regression. The outcomes were ascertained through national registers.
Results

We did not find any statistically significant association between baseline industrial sector or job group skill level and welfare dependency at follow-up. In the secondary analyses, the estimated odds of health and non-health related welfare dependencies at follow-up tended to increase with unemployment, age, being single and being on sick leave due to self-reported anxiety or depression versus stress/burnout at baseline. The odds ratios for welfare dependencies among men versus women were not statistically significant.
Conclusions

We did not find any significant association between baseline industrial sector or job group skill level and welfare dependencies at 1, 3 or 5-year follow-up after first visit to a jobs and benefits office due to mental health related sickness absence in Denmark.
Evaluating the volatilization behavior of PAHs in oil-based residues from drilling cuttings of different thicknesses based on the C-history method
Authors: Wang Shu , Qin Jihong , Xie Bingxin , Sun Hui , Li Xin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Drilling cuttings, the primary byproduct generated from the exploration and mining of shale gas, are potentially hazardous types of waste that seriously deplete land resources and pose environmental safety problems. In this paper, oil-based drilling debris is used as a typical porous medium phase solid waste, and the law and characteristics of unsteady diffusion and release of PAHs are studied under the specific situation of oil-based drilling debris with different thicknesses as the "source". The results showed that(1) Thickness has a greater influence on the diffusion and release law of PAHs from oil-based drilling cuttings residues, the diffusion release of PAHs increases with the increase of sample thickness. (2) The thickness of the porous media source is the main influencing factor of the PAHs diffusion and release diffusion related parameters. The higher the thickness, the diffusion coefficient Dm increases with the increase in thickness. The distribution coefficient K and the initial diffusible release concentration Cm0 change in a similar manner, and both increase with the thickness.
Intravenous insulin administration preparation for myocardial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose viability imaging has the potential to reduce radiation exposure dose
Authors: Chen Yangchun , Wang Qingqing , Huang Peihao , Wang Yuehui , Chen Yuxuan , Zhuo Huilin , Dai Ruozhu , Wang Huoqiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose

This study aimed to identify and validate the optimal 18F-FDG activity and acquisition time for cardiac viability imaging with intravenous insulin administration based on a fixed 18F-FDG activity.
Methods

Cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) images from 30 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were retrospectively reconstructed into 900, 360, 180, 90, and 45 s durations. An optimal product of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) of the myocardium and segmental uptake (SU) and acquisition time (MSAT) was determined through a receiver operating characteristic curve. The optimal acquisition time (OAT) was equal to MSAT divided by mean SUV of the myocardium (MyoSUV) and validated in another 26 patients with CAD.
Results

The MyoSUV, mean SUV of the blood, SU, and their biases on reconstructed image durations of 90, 180, and 360 s were equivalent to those on an image duration of 900 s. The optimal MSAT was 848.2. In the validation group, the OAT was 129 ± 76 s (95% confidence interval, 99–160), approximately one-third of the usual acquisition time. The MyoSUV and SU were equivalent for the difference (0.15 ± 0.21, P < 0.001; −0.01 ± 0.03, P < 0.001) between PET image duration of OAT and 600 s (7.71 ± 3.01 vs. 7.56 ± 2.94, 67.1 ± 15.4% vs. 67.7 ± 15.6%).
Conclusion

Intravenous insulin administration preparation has the potential to reduce radiation exposure and acquisition time of cardiac 18F-FDG viability imaging without losing the accurate measurement of MyoSUV and SU when reaching an OAT.