bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Expression of DSCAM Guides the Patterning of Retinal Axons Along Their Path and at Their Target in the Developing Xenopus Visual System
Authors: Santos Rommel Andrew , Rio Rodrigo Del , Alvarez Alexander Delfin , Romero Gabriela , Vo Brandon Zarate , Cohen-Cory Susana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background The Xenopus retinotectal circuit is organized topographically, where the dorsal-ventral axis of the retina maps respectively on to the ventral-dorsal axis of the tectum; axons from the nasal-temporal axis of the retina project respectively to the caudal-rostral axis of the tectum. Studies throughout the last two decades have shown that mechanisms involving molecular recognition of proper termination domains are at work guiding topographic organization. Such studies have shown that graded distribution of molecular cues is important for topographic mapping. However, the molecular cues organizing topography along the developing optic nerve, and as retinal axons cross the chiasm and navigate towards their target in the tectum, remain unknown. Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) has been characterized as a key molecule in axon guidance, making it a strong candidate involved in the topographic organization of retinal fibers along the optic path.Methods Using a combination of whole-brain clearing and immunohistochemistry staining techniques we characterized DSCAM expression and the projection of ventral and dorsal retinal fibers starting from the eye, followed to the optic nerve into the chiasm, and into the terminal target in the optic tectum in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We also assessed the effects of DSCAM on the establishment of retinotopic maps through spatially and temporally targeted DSCAM knockdown on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with axons innervating the optic tectum. Results Highest expression of DSCAM was localized to the ventral posterior region of the optic nerve and chiasm; this expression pattern coincides with ventral fibers derived from ventral RGCs. Downregulating DSCAM levels affected the segregation and proper sorting of medial axon fibers, derived from ventral RGCs, within the tectal neuropil, indicating that DSCAM plays a role in retinotopic organization. ConclusionThese findings together with the observation that DSCAM immunoreactivity accumulates on the primary dendrites of tectal neurons indicates that DSCAM exerts multiple roles in coordinating retinotopic order and connectivity in the developing vertebrate visual system.
Dynamic changes of serotonin levels induces depression-like behaviour in mice with high-fat diet
Authors: Chen Yan , Chen Lifang , Gong Tingting , Liu Haotian , Wang Shengfeng , Fang Yunxia , Zhang Yongyong , shan Weiguang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction of SSRI as the first-line pharmacotherapy options for depression, which purpose is to increase the concentrations of 5-HT in brain and help reduce depressive symptoms. However, there are still many limitations to the effectiveness of these treatment strategies, 30-40% of patients do not respond to treatment at all, and even suicide occurs. In the present study, we revealed that increasing brain 5-HT concentration is not the best treatment options. When we injected sufficient amounts of 5-HT into the lateral ventricular region of mice, it actually caused depression-like behavior in the animals. The second study on high-fat fed induces depressive symptoms in mice demonstrated that 5-HT concentration in brain showed a tendency to increase first and then decrease. Both experiments indicated that if SSRI are administrated to the patient in the acute phases of depression, it may lead to exacerbation of mental disorders or suicidal tendencies.
Permeable Asphalt Hydraulic Conductivity and Particulate Matter Separation With XRT
Authors: Marchioni Mariana , Fedele Roberto , Raimondi Anita , Sansalone John , Becciu Gianfranco 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Permeable asphalt (PA) is a composite material with an open graded mix design that provides a pore structure facilitating stormwater infiltration. PA is often used as a wearing course for permeable pavements and on roadways to reduce aquaplaning and noise pollution. The pore structure functions as a filter promoting particulate matter (PM) separation. The infiltrating flow characteristics are predominately dependent on pore diameter and pore interconnectivity. X-Ray microTomography (XRT) has been successfully used to estimate these parameters that are otherwise difficult to obtain through conventional gravimetric methods. The pore structure parameters allow modeling of hydraulic conductivity (k) and filtration mechanisms; required to examine the material behavior for infiltration and PM separation. Pore structure parameters were determined through XTR for three PA mixtures. The Kozeny-Kovàv model was implemented to estimate k. PM separation was tested using a pore-to-PM diameter categorical model. This filtration mechanism model was validated with data using rainfall simulation. The filtration model provided a good correlation between measured and modeled data. The identification of filtration mechanisms and k facilitate the design and evaluation of permeable pavement systems as a best management practice (BMP) for runoff volume and flow as well as PM and PM-partitioned chemical separation.
Distribution characteristics, source identification, and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of the salt lakes in the Ordos Plateau, China
Authors: Zhang Shengyin , Zhang Shuncun , Chen Yongxin , Chen Bo , Lei Tianzhu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Salt lakes have a significant effect on the regional climate, environment, and ecology in semi-arid regions characterized by lower rainfall and high evaporation. However, under the stresses of global change and human disturbance, anthropogenic pollution is the main factor threatening the lake ecological environment. Surface sediment samples collected from four salt lakes in the Ordos Plateau were used to investigate the salinity, concentration, pollution status, potential sources of heavy metals, and influencing factors. The surface sediments of Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond were weakly alkaline (pH < 9) owing to Na2SO4, whereas those of Chaigannaoer and Hongjiannao were strongly alkaline (pH > 9) owing to Na2CO3. The concentration range of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in the sediment samples collected from the salt lake in the Ordos followed the order of Cr > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Cd. The Cr values were higher in Chagannaoer and Hongjiannao, but the Ni, Cu, and Zn values were higher in Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) consistently indicated that Cr posed the greatest potential ecological risk and that Ni, Cu, and Zn pollution was more severe in Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond than in Chagannaoer or Hongjiannao. However, Er and RI indicated these heavy metals were a low risk to the environment. Risk assessment code (RAC) revealed that Pb and Cr exhibited no mobility and had low potential bioavailability risk, although Zn, Ni, and As were categorized as medium risk. Cu had the highest mobility and high risk. Principal component analysis for Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond revealed that the source of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb might be associated with water - soluble elements in aqueous migration, and the source of Cr, Pb, and As might be lithospheric minerals carried by dust storms. Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb in Chagannaoer and Hongjiannao may be derived from surface runoff, and chemicals from these sources may eventually accumulate in sediments. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that pH was the main environmental factor controlling the distribution of heavy metals in Chagannaoer and Hongjiannao.
AS REDES GEOGRÁFICAS NA ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO DE MEL EM SERGIPE
Authors: SILVA Maria do Socorro Ferreira da , SILVA Edimilson Gomes da , SOUZA Rosemeri Melo e 
Published: December 2021

A apicultura é uma atividade que auxilia na conservação da biodiversidade e gera fonte de renda para os apicultores. Esse trabalho visa analisar a produção de mel em Sergipe a partir das redes geográficas. A pesquisa foi realizada através de levantamento bibliográfico; entrevistas com representantes da Federação dos Apicultores de Sergipe, com Associações de Apicultores e apicultores; e, pesquisa de campo nos apiários e territórios com potencial fitogeográfico. A configuração espacial das redes geográficas em Sergipe é composta pelas redes de produção; técnica-científica, informacional e financeira; e, de comercialização as quais ultrapassam os limites territoriais sergipanos alcançando a Bahia. As evidências apontam a necessidade de estratégias para melhorar o funcionamento das redes, promovendo a articulação entre seus nós de modo que não exclua os pequenos produtores.
LA UTOPÍA DE LA CIUDADANÍA UNIVERSAL: LOS DERECHOS DE LAS MINORÍAS SEXUALES HETERODOXAS
Authors: SUBERVIOLA Enrique Viana , SALINAS Víctor Fernández 
Published: December 2021

La homosexualidad ha experimentado diversas condiciones legales y sociales a lo largo de la historia. El proceso no ha sido lineal, de forma que se han sucedido épocas de aceptación social con épocas de oscurantismo intolerante. El presente estudio analiza la evolución legal de la homosexualidad en la historia y su relación con la utopía de la consecución de la ciudadanía universal y la igualdad del género humano. La adquisición de los derechos de las minorías fortalece a la sociedad en su conjunto y el pensamiento utópico alimenta la constancia necesaria para poder convertir a nuestras sociedades en entornos igualitarios y justos.
Do Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Heart Failure in
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes?
Authors: Fatehi Mohammad , Hassanabad Mortaza Fatehi , Hassanabad Ali Fatehi 
Published: December 2021

:
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DDP-4Is) or gliptins have been extensively studied in
recent years. These studies have shown the safety and efficacy of gliptins in managing hyperglycemia
in diabetic patients. However, there is an ongoing debate on whether DDP-4Is are associated
with a higher risk for developing heart failure. It is expected that long-term data from patients
who are currently prescribed DDP-4Is will provide a clearer understanding of their potential benefits.
This should also help guide the development of future guidelines. The focus of this perspective
is on associations between the “use of DPP-4Is” and “increased risk of heart failure”. Thus, we examine
several key publications and reviews on clinical trials on this class of oral antidiabetic medications.
For this communication, the pertinent literature has been critically analyzed to provide an
evidence-based overview of the evolving concept of DPP-4Is-induced risk of heart failure.
Formulation and Evaluation of Liposomal Drug Delivery System for Sulfasalazine
Authors: Puchakayala Shruthi , Sailaja Abbaraju Krishna 
Published: December 2021

Aim:
Aim of the current study is to prepare and characterize sulfasalazine-loaded liposomes to improve the bioavailability of the drug and to lessen the adverse effects of the drug.

Background:
Diseases like inflammatory bowel disease can be treated by anti-inflammatory agents like “Sulfasalazine,” It can also be used to treat ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The biological half-life of sulfasalazine is 5-10hr; as in the case of conventional therapy, there is a chance of missing the dose. Therefore, frequent administration of drugs is essential to maintain the desired steady-state level. The side effects are thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia, bone marrow depression, folic acid deficiency, impairment of male fertility (Oligospermia), intestinal nephritis due to 5-ASA, diarrhoea, headache, and skin rashes. The bioavailability of sulfasalazine is 15%. This work was undertaken to enhance bioavailability and decrease the side effects.

Objective:
The main objective of the study is to improve the solubility of sulfasalazine by formulating a liposomal drug delivery system. The major objective is to develop a liposomal formulation with good stability and the highest entrapment efficiency.

Methods:
Liposomes were produced by the thin-film hydration method. Nine formulations of liposomes were prepared by varying the concentrations of soya lecithin and cholesterol and changing the drug ratio. The obtained liposomes were characterized for surface morphology, FTIR, particle size, zeta potential, drug content, entrapment efficiency, and in-vitro diffusion studies.

Results:
Among the nine formulations of liposomes, F3 was found to be the best formulation with an entrapment efficiency of 97.8% and a zeta potential value of -37.2mV. Liposomes followed first-order kinetics with a non-fickian diffusion pathway.

Conclusions:
Sulfasalazine loaded liposomes were prepared with good stability and the highest entrapment efficiency.
Effects of Game Mode in Multiplayer Video Games on Intergenerational Social Interaction: Randomized Field Study
Authors: Zahn Carmen , Leisner David , Niederhauser Mario , Roos Anna-Lena , Iseli Tabea , Soldati Marco 
Published: December 2021

Background
Maintaining social relationships is a basic human need and particularly essential in old age, including when living in a retirement home. Multiplayer video games can promote positive social interactions among players from different generations while playing. Yet, such facilitation of positive social interactions depends on specific game design. To systematically investigate the effects of game design on social interaction between seniors and their coplayers, the game Myosotis FoodPlanet was developed in this study, and the impacts of 3 different game modes on social interaction were compared in a controlled field trial.

Objective
This study aims to compare the effects of 3 different game modes (competitive, cooperative, and creative) on social interactions (verbal and nonverbal communication) between seniors and their younger coplayers.

Methods
This study was conducted in a Swiss retirement home as a controlled field trial. Participants were residents of the retirement home (N=10; mean age 84.8 years, SD 5.9 years) and played in pairs with their caregivers. Each pair played 3 game modes in random order. This resulted in 30 game sequences of 20 minutes each. A within-subject design was applied with game mode as the within-factor and social interaction as the outcome variable. To assess the quality of social interaction, 30 video-recorded game sequences were analyzed based on an event sampling method.

Results
Analysis of variance for repeated measurements revealed significant effects: there was significantly more verbal communication in the creative mode than in the cooperative mode (P=.04) with a strong effect size (Cohen f=0.611). An examination of verbal communication revealed more game-related communication in the creative mode than in the cooperative mode (P=.01) and the competitive mode (P=.09) with marginally significant effects and strong effect sizes (Cohen f=0.841). In addition, significantly more biography-related communication occurred in the creative mode than in the cooperative mode (P=.03), with a strong effect size (r=0.707). Regarding nonverbal communication (eg, laughing together), analysis of variance for repeated measurements showed significant differences among the game modes (P=.02) with a strong effect size (Cohen f=0.758). Results showed that there was significantly more laughing together in the competitive mode (competitive>cooperative>creative).

Conclusions
The results show that game mode can be an important factor for shaping the social interactions of players playing together. Compared with other modes, creative game modes can increase verbal communication. In contrast, competitive modes may stimulate more laughing together. This has important implications for game design and the use of computer games to promote social interaction between seniors and their coplayers in practice.
Review of Mobile Apps for Women With Anxiety in Pregnancy: Maternity Care Professionals’ Guide to Locating and Assessing Anxiety Apps
Authors: Evans Kerry , Donelan Jasper , Rennick-Egglestone Stefan , Cox Serena , Kuipers Yvonne 
Published: December 2021

Background
Mental health and pregnancy apps are widely available and have the potential to improve health outcomes and enhance women’s experience of pregnancy. Women frequently access digital information throughout their pregnancy. However, health care providers and women have little information to guide them toward potentially helpful or effective apps.

Objective
This review aimed to evaluate a methodology for systematically searching and reviewing commercially available apps that support pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety in order to assist maternity care professionals in identifying resources that they could recommend for these women.

Methods
A stepwise systematic approach was used to identify, select, describe, and assess the most popular and highly user-rated apps available in the United Kingdom from January to March 2021. This included developing a script-based search strategy and search process, writing evaluation criteria, and conducting a narrative description and evaluation of the selected apps.

Results
Useful search terms were identified, which included nonclinical, aspirational, and problem-based phrases. There were 39 apps selected for inclusion in the review. No apps specifically targeted women with anxiety in pregnancy. Of the 39 apps included in the review, 33 (85%) focused solely on mind-body techniques to promote relaxation, stress reduction, and psychological well-being. Only 8 of the 39 (21%) apps included in the review reported that health care professionals had contributed to app development and only 1/39 (3%) provided empirical evidence on the effectiveness and acceptability of the app. The top 12/39 (31%) apps were evaluated by 2 independent reviewers using the developed criteria and scores. There was a small negative correlation between the reviewers’ scores and app user rating scores, with higher user rating scores associated with lower reviewer scores.

Conclusions
App developers, publishers, and maternity care professionals should seek advice from women with lived experience of anxiety symptoms in pregnancy to locate, promote, and optimize the visibility of apps for pregnant women. There is a lack of resources that provide coping strategies based on current evidence for the treatment of anxiety in pregnancy. Maternity care providers are limited in their ability to locate and recommend acceptable and trustworthy apps because of the lack of information on the evidence base, development, and testing of apps. Maternity care professionals and women need access to libraries of trusted apps that have been evaluated against relevant and established criteria.
Workarounds in Electronic Health Record Systems and the Revised Sociotechnical Electronic Health Record Workaround Analysis Framework: Scoping Review
Authors: Blijleven Vincent , Hoxha Florian , Jaspers Monique 
Published: December 2021

Background
Electronic health record (EHR) system users devise workarounds to cope with mismatches between workflows designed in the EHR and preferred workflows in practice. Although workarounds appear beneficial at first sight, they frequently jeopardize patient safety, the quality of care, and the efficiency of care.

Objective
This review aims to aid in identifying, analyzing, and resolving EHR workarounds; the Sociotechnical EHR Workaround Analysis (SEWA) framework was published in 2019. Although the framework was based on a large case study, the framework still required theoretical validation, refinement, and enrichment.

Methods
A scoping literature review was performed on studies related to EHR workarounds published between 2010 and 2021 in the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, or IEEE databases. A total of 737 studies were retrieved, of which 62 (8.4%) were included in the final analysis. Using an analytic framework, the included studies were investigated to uncover the rationales that EHR users have for workarounds, attributes characterizing workarounds, possible scopes, and types of perceived impacts of workarounds.

Results
The SEWA framework was theoretically validated and extended based on the scoping review. Extensive support for the pre-existing rationales, attributes, possible scopes, and types of impact was found in the included studies. Moreover, 7 new rationales, 4 new attributes, and 3 new types of impact were incorporated. Similarly, the descriptions of multiple pre-existing rationales for workarounds were refined to describe each rationale more accurately.

Conclusions
SEWA is now grounded in the existing body of peer-reviewed empirical evidence on EHR workarounds and, as such, provides a theoretically validated and more complete synthesis of EHR workaround rationales, attributes, possible scopes, and types of impact. The revised SEWA framework can aid researchers and practitioners in a wider range of health care settings to identify, analyze, and resolve workarounds. This will improve user-centered EHR design and redesign, ultimately leading to improved patient safety, quality of care, and efficiency of care.
Pengaruh puasa intermiten 5:2 terhadap kadar malondialdehida pada karyawan pria dewasa dengan obesitas
Authors: Yudhistina Karima , Prafiantini Erfi , Hardiany Novi Silvia 
Published: December 2021

Effect of intermittent fasting 5:2 on plasma malondialdehyde levels in adult male employees with obesityBackground: Obesity is a major risk factor for various non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In obesity, the free radical product will be produced, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) which plays a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Intermittent fasting (IF) is an alternative way to reduce free radical levels in the body therefore it can prevent complications of obesity. However, the effect of IF on MDA level in an obese adult male in Jakarta has not been reported.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of IF on malondialdehyde levels in adult male employees with obesity in Jakarta.Methods: This study used a randomized controlled clinical trial. The subjects were men aged 19-59 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, divided into fasting and control groups, each group consists of 25 subjects. Intermittent fasting 5:2 is calorie restriction up to 20-25% was done every Monday and Thursday, and not allowed to eat and drink during 14 hours of fasting. Before the intervention, both groups were given education about balanced nutrition. Association of intermittent fasting with MDA and catalase was analyzed by means of difference formula with a significance limit of 5%.Results: MDA levels post-intervention significantly decreased compared to the pre-intervention both in the fasting group [1,3(0,9-2) nmol/mL to 0,4(0,3-0,6) nmol/mL] and in the control groups [1,4(0,9-1,9) nmol/mL to 0,5(0,3-0,7) nmol/mL]. MDA level post-intervention in the fasting group was significantly lower (p<0,05) compared to the control group.Conclusions: Intermittent fasting 5:2 during 8 weeks can decrease MDA levels in adult males with obesity in Jakarta.