bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolution of the Expert Council on the new approach to drug therapy for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Kaidarova Dilyara , Shatkovskaya Oxana , Dushimova Zaure , Ongarbayev Bakytzhan 
Published: May 2021

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in the male population. The widespread introduction of modern diagnostic methods and the determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels have increased the number of detected cases of localized and locally advanced PC forms. However, in some patients treated with radical methods and long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the disease continues to progress in the form of an increase in PSA levels with castration testosterone values and with no distant metastases. Such a course of the disease is referred to as non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC).
Purpose: The article reports the results of a meeting of the Expert Council arranged by the Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology on December 25, 2020, on non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer diagnostics and treatment.
Results: Large clinical studies highlight the critical importance of controlling the PSA doubling time as the main prognostic factor for an unfavorable outcome to increase patient survival and prevent the development of distant metastases.
Based on the results of large randomized studies, experts recommended using new-generation androgen receptor antagonists in combination with ongoing ADT to improve the clinical outcomes in nmCRPC patients at high risk of metastatic progression. The Expert Council was presented with the data of a registration clinical study on darolutamide efficacy and safety.
The advantages of introducing this drug into clinical practice to expand the choice of therapeutic options were identified.
Personalized adjustment of a treatment regimen will increase the treatment efficacy and ensure higher survival in this category of patients.
Conclusion: Increasing survival as the main objective in treating nmCRPC patients requires improved diagnostics through regular controlling of testosterone and PSA levels, calculation of PSA doubling time, and the use of radiological diagnostic methods to rule out distant metastases. The choice of therapy in patients at high risk of metastasis shall consider the patient’s status and the treatment efficacy and safety balance.
Nghiên cứu tác dụng kích thích miễn dịch của đông trùng hạ thảo banikha trên động vật thực nghiệm
Authors: Hồng Nguyễn Thị , Gấm Nguyễn Thị Hồng , Khánh Trần Hiền , Thắng Nguyễn Toàn Thiện , Hạnh Võ Thị Mỹ , Anh Phạm Thị Vân , Hằng Đinh Thị Thu 
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm đánh giá tác dụng kích thích miễn dịch của Đông trùng hạ thảo Bankikha trên động vật bị gây suy giảm miễn dịch bằng cyclophosphamid. Chuột nhắt được chia ngẫu nhiên vào 5 lô, mỗi lô 10 con: lô chứng sinh học, lô mô hình, lô chứng dương (levamisol) và Đông trùng hạ thảo Banikha liều 0,77 g/kg/ngày và 2,31 g/kg/ngày. Chuột nhắt được tiêm màng bụng cyclophosphamid liều 200 mg/kg để gây suy giảm miễn dịch. Các chỉ số đánh giá gồm có trọng lượng lách và tuyến ức tương đối, số lượng bạch cầu chung ở máu ngoại vi, phản ứng bì với kháng nguyên OA, nồng độ IL-2, TNF-α, IgM ở máu ngoại vi và giải phẫu bệnh vi thể lách và tuyến ức. Kết quả cho thấy Đông trùng hạ thảo Banikha liều 0,77 g/kg/ngày có tác dụng kích thích miễn dịch rõ rệt; trong khi đó, Đông trùng hạ thảo Banikha liều 2,31 g/kg/ngày chỉ có xu hướng kích thích miễn dịch trên chuột nhắt trắng bị gây suy giảm miễn dịch bằng cyclophosphamid.
O PODER LEGISLATIVO COMO OBJETO DE ESTUDO DA CIÊNCIA POLÍTICA EM PERIÓDICOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: De Barros Antonio Teixeira , Silva Lucas Emanuel 
Published: May 2021

O artigo analisa a produção bibliográfica sobre o Poder Legislativo nos principais periódicos de Ciência Política no Brasil, com base na seguinte questão: qual a relevância dos temas atinentes ao Poder Legislativo na produção científica desses periódicos? A pesquisa, de cunho exploratório, propõe-se a mapear a relevância do Poder Legislativo como objeto de estudo nos artigos publicados por esses periódicos, considerando aspectos como: a) as temáticas estudadas; b) metodologias utilizadas; c) enfoques teóricos; d) perfil dos autores; e) instituições aos quais os pesquisadores são vinculados; (f) cooperação autoral. A metodologia empregada se baseia em levantamento documental de todos os artigos publicados em periódicos classificados nos estratos superiores do sistema Qualis ao longo de 33 anos (1984-2016). Os principais resultados mostram que o legislativo ainda é um tema pouco estudado pela ciência política brasileira. Apesar disso, trata-se de uma produção qualificada, concentrada em revistas “A” do Qualis. A produção é predominantemente individual, de autores masculinos, doutores. A produção interinstitucional também é escassa, assim como as pesquisas financiadas. Prevalecem pesquisas qualitativas, como análise documental, estudos bibliográficos e de casos. A área com maior expressão é a de políticas públicas. O referencial teórico predominante são os estudos legislativos, reforçando as influências estadunidenses no campo da ciência política brasileira, no que se refere às temáticas legislativas.
The Chromite Deposits of Selukwe, Rhodesia
Authors: Cotterill P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The rock types and the structure of the Selukwe area are briefly described. The chromiferous peridotite intrusions were involved in an orogeny, metasomatized, and partly eroded before Bulawayan sediments were deposited. In a subsequent late Bulawayan orogeny a large nappe formed and the peridotites were further sheared and metasomatized. The Pre-Shamvaian rocks in the Selukwe district lie in the eroded remnant of the inverted lower limb of the nappe.
Chromite deposits formed by magmatic segregation as cumulate layers on definite horizons in the differentiating ultrabasic intrusion. Thick layers accumulated in down-warps of the chamber floor. Primary magmatic textures and structures occur in the chromite layers. Two types of chromite ore grain are recognized—"main crop" forming the bulk of the ore similar in form to some varieties of "Alpine" type ore grains; and "second crop" grains similar in habit to "Stratiform" type grains.
At least twice after accumulation, metasomatism of sheared chromite and peridotite has modified the chemical constitution of the chromite ores and of the peridotites.
Typical chromitites are rich in Cr and Mg and poor in Fe, Al, and Mn. A few are rich in Cr, Fe, Al, and Mn, and poor in Mg.
The Selukwe deposits show primary characteristics of both Alpine and Stratiform type deposits.
Summary of the Symposium on Magmatic Ore Deposits
Authors: Michener C. E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The symposium on magmatic ore deposits was a well balanced program. Thirteen papers on oxide ores were presented, two of which were the result of experimental laboratory work. Nine papers on magmatic sulfides were read, two of which were also the result of experimental laboratory work.
The symposium has confirmed the concept of the separation and emplacement of mineral products from a fluid magma. It would appear from the evidence that the case for oxide ores is better and more secure than the case for sulfide ores. The former results in a more orderly progression in the reaction products during the crystallization of the magma. This is not so readily apparent in the case of sulfide ores. For example, the sulfides in the Bushveld occur mainly in the Merensky Reef and in the Vlakfontein pipes, neither of which are at the base of the irruptive. At Sudbury and Muskox the sulfides occur at the base of both, but appear to have arrived there by different mechanisms. The sulfide deposits as we know them appear to have been subject to more variance and have produced a greater variety of results all stemming from a seemingly common set of conditions. Perhaps with more work we will be able to rationalize these mechanisms. This now seems to be the problem concerning us rather than the question of whether or not the process of magmatic separation is or is not valid.
Abortion and Infanticide in Polish American Detroit and Hamtramck, 1900–1960: A Preliminary Look
Authors: Majewski Karen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Using death certificates, newspaper reports in Polish and English, birth records, and police reports, this study examines the historical experience of Polish immigrant and second-generation women as they faced the problem of unwanted pregnancies in the early to mid-twentieth century before Roe v. Wade. Focusing on the Polish communities of Detroit and Hamtramck, Michigan, it attempts to create a fuller understanding of the women who sought abortions or resorted to neonaticide, the methods and resources they utilized, the attitudes of the community and church that formed a backdrop to their decisions, and the public consequences they faced. It also looks at local abortion providers: midwives, doctors, pharmacists, and neighbors, including those who were criminally prosecuted. Finally, the Polonian experience is placed within the context of existing historical research on contraception, illegal abortion, and infanticide, particularly as it impacted working-class and immigrant women.
Single staff cystectomy in a low-volume center: Oncological outcomes and complications
Authors: Baumeister Philipp , Galioto Davide , Moschini Marco , Lonati Chiara , Zamboni Stefania , Afferi Luca , Stucki Patrick , Danuser Hansjörg , Lehnick Dirk , Mordasini Livio , Mattei Agostino 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Radical cystectomy (RC) with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is a complex surgical procedure, associated with substantial perioperative complications. Previous studies suggested reserving it to high-volume centers in order to improve oncological and perioperative outcomes. However, only limited data exist regarding low-volume centers with highly experienced surgeons. We aimed to assess oncological and perioperative outcomes after RC performed by experienced surgeons in the low-volume center of Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, CH.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 158 patients who underwent RC and PLND performed between 2009 and 2019 at a single low-volume center by three experienced surgeons, each having performed at least 50 RCs. Complications were graded according to the 2004 modified Clavien-Dindo grading system.
Results: A total of 110 patients (70%) received an incontinent urinary diversion (ileal conduit or ureterocutaneostomy) and 48 patients (30%) received a continent urinary diversion (ileal orthotopic neobladder, ureterosigmoidostomy, or Mitrofanoff pouch). Median operating time was 419 minutes (interquartile range [IQR] 346–461). Overall, at RC specimen, 71.5% of patients had urothelial carcinoma ,12.6% squamous, 3.1% sarcomatoid, 1.2%glandular, and 0.6% small cell carcinoma. Median number of lymph nodes removed was 23 (IQR 16–29.5). Positive margins were found in eight patients (5.1%). Overall, five-year survival rate was 52.4%. The complication rate was 56.3%: 143 complications were found in 89 patients, 36 (22.8%) with Clavien ≥3. The 30-day mortality rate was 2.5%.
Conclusions: RC could be safely performed in a low-volume center by experienced surgeons with comparable outcomes to high-volume centers.
De participantenvennootschap: gedachten over een mogelijke nieuwe rechtsvorm
Authors: Garcia Nelen S.B. 
Published: May 2021

De participantenvennootschap: gedachten over een mogelijke nieuwe rechtsvorm
In deze bijdrage beschrijft de auteur een toekomstperspectief dat geschetst wordt in zijn proefschrift. De ‘participantenvennootschap’ is een mogelijke nieuwe rechtsvorm, waarbinnen ook andere stakeholders dan aandeelhouders inspraak gegeven wordt in de vennootschappelijke besluitvorming. Het doel hiervan is een ondernemingsvorm te creëren met oog voor alle betrokkenen en maatschappelijke belangen.
Het Monitoring Rapport Corporate Governance Code over boekjaar 2019: tijd voor vernieuwing?
Authors: Rietveld S. 
Published: May 2021

Het Monitoring Rapport Corporate Governance Code over boekjaar 2019: tijd voor vernieuwing?
In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur het op 14 december 2020 gepubliceerde Rapport monitoring boekjaar 2019 van de Monitoring Commissie Corporate Governance Code. In dit Rapport wordt verslag gedaan over de Corporate Governance Code 2016 en de naleving daarvan over boekjaar 2019. Daarnaast besteedt de Monitoring Commissie aandacht aan enkele specifieke governance-onderwerpen en geeft zij guidance bij het begrip beloningsverhoudingen.
ON THE ABSOLUTE SUMMABILITY FACTORS OF TYPE $(A, B)$
Authors: SEYHAN HIKMET 
Published: May 2021

In this paper we establish a relation between the $\phi-|\bar N_{, p_n};\delta|_k$ and $\psi-|\bar N_{, q_n};\delta|_k$ summability methods, which generalizes a result of Mishra [2].
Mapeamento da percepção dos clientes internos sobre a qualidade dos processos: estudo de caso na indústria automotiva
Authors: Logiúdice Renato , Pacchini Athos Paulo Tadeu , Lucato Wagner Cezar 
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a percepção dos clientes dos processos internos de uma indústria metalúrgica de grande porte dedicada à manufatura de autopeças. A avaliação foi feita considerando os seguintes aspectos: conformidade, prazos e atendimento. Diversos estudos têm analisado as cadeias de suprimento, mas poucos têm proposto a identificação dos pontos a serem melhorados de forma colaborativa dentro da empresa. Um estudo de caso foi realizado e pontos críticos foram encontrados nos elos clientes-provedor interno da cadeia de suprimentos. Nessa avaliação, setores considerados como relevantes nesse ramo de atividade, como Ferramentaria e Compras, apresentaram os piores resultados em fatores de desempenho de prazos. Já a Ferramentaria mostrou-se deficiente no quesito atendimento na prestação dos serviços.
A Potential Relationship Between Estrogen Receptors Polymorphisms, Sperm Function and in vitro Fertilization Success: A Preliminary Study*
Authors: Talarczyk-Desole Joanna , Andrusiewicz Mirosław , Chmielewska Małgorzata , Berger Anna , Pawelczyk Leszek , Jędrzejczak Piotr , Kotwicka Małgorzata 
Published: May 2021

Summary

Background
Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and 2 (ESR2) play an important role in regulating fertility in the human reproductive system. Polymorphisms of these receptor genes have been implicated in male infertility in both Chinese and Caucasian populations. However, studies have produced inconsistent results. Spermatozoa defects that result in conception deficiencies could be related to estrogens, their receptors, or genes involved in estrogen-related pathways. This study aims to explore the potential association between the ESR1 and the ESR2 polymorphisms in relation to semen parameters of Caucasian males as well as fertilization success.

Materials/Methods
A total of 116 males were included in this study. Forty couples underwent conventional in vitro fertilization, while 76 couples were treated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Standard semen analyses were performed according to the World Health Organization criteria. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms were used to determine genotype and allele distributions.

Results
A strong association between the ESR1 rs2234693 recognized by PvuII enzyme, genotype/allele distribution and fertilization success was shown. The T allele occurrence was significantly lower in the case of fertilization failure (p = 0.02). Additionally, the TT genotype was absent in the same group (p=0.02). In the case of the remaining analyzed polymorphisms, little to no interdependence of genotype/allele distribution and fertilization success was noted.

Conclusions
Apart from ESR1 rs2234693, the study failed to demonstrate that fertilization success was associated with the selected polymorphisms. In most cases, we did not discover a relationship between both estrogen receptors polymorphisms and sperm function.
PCLINES, A Parametric Lines Development Program for the Home Computer
Authors: Martin David E. 
Published: May 2021

An Excel© spreadsheet lines development program has been written for a home computer and is available to conference attendees. The program utilizes B-Spline parametric formulations for planar curve definition of the traditional hull lines: body, waterlines and buttocks. The user establishes the basic hull outline, in BSpline curves, by inputting bow and stern overhangs, freeboard at selected points, the draft of the canoe body at selected points, the beam on deck at selected points, and the maximum beam at the waterline. By judicious selections the user will see the resulting hull outline in profile and plan views, and can easily adjust these inputs to gain the desired hull outline. The user works with actual points on the hull rather than B-Spline vertices.
The hull lines are then developed by the Excel program which establishes the hull form defined by the above outlines and satisfying inputs of the conventional hull form parameters: Center of Buoyancy, (Lcb) Center of Floatation, (Lcf) Prismatic Coefficient, (Cp), Maximum Section Coefficient, (Cm) and the Water-plane Coefficient, (Cwp). The lines development is accomplished in two steps.
First, the user employs the Excel Solver to establish a waterline, and Sectional Area curve that satisfy the above parameters. The program accomplishes this by varying the draft at stations two and eight, which adjusts the shape of the center-plane curve without changing the draft, Tc. The solver ensures a “fair” waterline by minimizing the “bending” criterion of the waterline: that is, by minimizing the sum of the squares of d2y/du2 and d2x/du2. Here, y and x are defined by B-Spline formulations in the parameter “u”. The vertices of the B-Spline functions are varied by the Excel Solver to find the minimum bending criterion.
Second, with the Section Area and waterline beam established for each station, the program establishes the shape of each station body curve which satisfies the section area, draft, freeboard and beams on deck and waterline. Fairness is again established by minimizing the “bending” criterion.
Since there are no section areas for stations 10 and the transom, a scheme for constructing a transomgeometrically similar to station 9.5 is provided. Station 10 is established by fairing to the transom.
The program can establish a round bottom hull in about a minute and a half after the input parameters are entered. It is essential however that the hull form parameters be selected judiciously. Clearly Lcb and Lcf must be compatible, and the hull outline must be reasonable in order to gain a fair hull. In this regard the user is provided with automatic input of six different hull shapes that provide good starting points for a design effort. Thus, in a matter of minutes the user can examine an alternate hull shape while keeping selected hull form parameters constant.
Système de gouvernance et stratégie de capital risque industriel des groupes français
Authors: Brinette Souad , Khemiri Sabrina , Benkraiem Ramzi , Miloudi Anthony 
Published: May 2021

Nous étudions l’incidence des mécanismes de gouvernance sur les décisions stratégiques prises par les dirigeants, en particulier celles liées au capital risque industriel (CRI). Ce thème peu débattu par la littérature traitant du marché français mérite d’être approfondi. Notre étude englobe toutes les opérations de CRI initiées par les entreprises du SBF 120 sur la période 2000-2018. Nos principaux résultats mettent en exergue le rôle joué par la structure de propriété, les ressources spécifiques ainsi que le profil de l’actionnariat dans la réalisation des opérations de CRI. Ainsi, ce travail contribue à l’enrichissement du débat sur l’utilité de ces véhicules de financement de l’innovation pour l’économie française.
Communication externe sur les Accords-Cadres Internationaux : entre coopération, légitimité et nouvelles tensions sociales
Authors: Negre Emmanuelle , Verdier Marie-Anne 
Published: May 2021

Cette étude vise à identifier les enjeux de la communication externe relative à la signature d’Accords-Cadres Internationaux (ACIs) négociés entre multinationales et Fédérations Syndicales Internationales (FSI). Elle se base sur une étude qualitative reposant principalement sur 59 entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès d’entreprises françaises signataires d’ACIs. Les résultats montrent que la communication externe sur ces accords s’inscrit dans des logiques de coopération et de légitimité qui, de par les multiples tensions sociales qu’une telle communication suscite, se solde par une communication prudente revendiquée par les multinationales du fait des risques qu’elle peut générer.
La collection « Les Singuliers » (2000-2015). La vie et l’oeuvre au XXIe siècle1
Authors: Barraband Mathilde 
Published: May 2021

L’article s’intéresse à la collection « Les Singuliers » parue aux éditions Les Flohic puis aux éditions Argol. Son éditrice et maîtresse d’oeuvre, Catherine Flohic, qui a d’abord fait ses armes dans une maison d’édition dédiée à la valorisation du patrimoine régional français, a créé en 2000 cette collection d’entretiens illustrés, qui mettent en vedette un écrivain interrogé par un proche ou un critique, dans le but de « remonte[r] le cours d’une vie à l’oeuvre ». Cette collection paraît ainsi particulièrement intéressante pour interroger la patrimonialisation de la littérature contemporaine et plus spécifiquement de l’écrivain contemporain.
Depression-related stigma among primary care providers
Authors: Kluemper Andrew , Heath Lauren , Loeb Danielle , Kroehl Miranda , Trinkley Katy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in the United States and is often treated in primary care settings. Despite its prevalence, depression remains underdiagnosed and undertreated for a variety of reasons, including stigma. This may result in suboptimal management of depression. Studies evaluating stigma in US primary care providers (PCP) are scarce. The main objective of this study was to describe stigma in a cohort of PCPs.

Methods
We utilized a validated questionnaire to measure stigma (score range 15 to 75 with lower scores indicating lower stigma levels). PCPs in 2 academic internal medicine clinics were sent an electronic questionnaire and received a small monetary incentive for responding. In addition to the stigma survey, we collected demographic data, including age, provider type, gender, and other data related to social proximity to mental illness. To describe stigma, differences in stigma between provider characteristics were evaluated using t tests and ANOVA tests as appropriate.

Results
Of 107 PCPs, 71 responded (66.4% response rate). Male responders displayed higher stigma scores than females (31.8 vs 27.4, P = .0021). Medical residents displayed higher stigma scores than nonresidents (31.3 vs 27.2, P = .0045). Providers with personal exposure to mental illness and those who reported they frequently treated depression had less stigma.

Discussion
Overall, a range of stigma was present among PCPs surveyed. Higher levels of stigma were found in men, medical residents, those without personal exposure to mental illness, younger PCPs, and those who reported treating depression less frequently. Future studies should utilize larger sample sizes and focus on the impact of stigma on quality of care.