bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sichere Immobilisation von Kraftwerksnebenprodukten
Authors: Tigges Bastian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKraftwerke erzeugen nicht nur Strom, sondern auch wertvolle Nebenprodukte. Um diese sicher und sinnvoll aufzubereiten, ist eine homogene Mischung gefragt. Pflugschar‐Mischer sind für diese Anwendung seit vielen Jahren im Einsatz.
Fernüberwachung von Anlagen mit virtueller Datenbrille
Authors: Stenzel Holger 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn einem Pilotprojekt in Troisdorf testet der Spezialchemie‐Hersteller ‐Kuraray, wie industrielle Prozesse mit modernen 5G‐Technologien effizienter und umweltschonender gestaltet werden können. Ziel des Projekts ist es, die mit dem bisherigen 4G‐Standard nicht realisierbare sichere Fernwartung von Anlagen per MR‐Brille oder ein intelligentes Leitsystem für Flurförderfahrzeuge in der Praxis zu testen.
Die Lehren einer Staubexplosion
Authors: Schlüter Kai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDass bei der Beladung und Entleerung von Big Bags elektrostatische Aufladung entstehen kann, ist bereits vielen Firmen und deren Mitarbeitern bewusst. Jedoch wird vielerorts unterschätzt, welche Gefahren damit einher gehen und welche Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu treffen sind.
Panel‐PC und Laptop ade
Authors: Drescher Werner 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn der hoch vernetzten, sensorgesteuerten und mit smarten Funktionen ausgestatteten digitalen Fabrik scheinen viele der Panel PCs, die heute im Einsatz sind, nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Die Ergänzung des HMI zunächst durch Laptops und neuerdings durch Rugged Tablets sind ein entscheidender Faktor, um die Produktion zu modernisieren und wirtschaftliche Vorteile zu realisieren.
Organocatalytic Enantioselective [8+4] Cycloadditions of Isobenzofulvenes for the Construction of Bicyclo[4.2.1]nonanes
Authors: Zhao Jianhong , Zheng Xing , Gao Yan‐Shan , Mao Jia , Wu Shu‐Xiao , Yang Wu‐Lin , Luo Xiaoyan , Deng Wei‐Ping 
Published: August 2021

Main observation and conclusionThe [8+4] cycloaddition of indene‐2‐carbaldehydes with indole‐2,3‐quinodimethanes and pyrrolidone‐3,4‐dienes is described, affording indole and pyrrolidone annulated bicyclo[4.2.1]nonanes in a highly peri‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselective fashion in the presence of a secondary amine catalyst. This reaction, which proceeds through catalytically generated isobenzofulvenes, represents the first asymmetric version of high‐order [8+4] cycloaddition.
A single‐arm, multicenter, open‐label phase 2 trial of surufatinib in patients with unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancer
Authors: Xu Jianming , Bai Yuxian , Sun Huichuan , Bai Chunmei , Jia Ru , Li Yi , Zhang Wenjie , Liu Lei , Huang Cheng , Guan Mei , Zhou Jinghong , Su Weiguo 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundSeveral clinical studies of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF/VEGFR) therapy as a second‐line treatment for biliary tract cancer (BTC) have shown modest efficacy. In this study, surufatinib was evaluated as a second‐line VEGFR therapy in patients with BTC.MethodsThis was a single‐arm, multicenter, open‐label phase 2 study conducted in China. The study enrolled eligible patients with BTC, who had received surufatinib monotherapy as second‐line treatment, at a dose of 300 mg, once daily, in 28‐day cycles. Tumor assessments were performed every 8 weeks (±7 days) according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1.ResultsAs of November 30, 2018, 39 patients with BTC, including 29 (74.4%) with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 5 (12.8%) with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and 5 (12.8%) with gallbladder cancer, were enrolled and treated with surufatinib. The 16‐week progression‐free survival rate was 46.33% (95% CI, 24.38‐65.73), with median progression‐free survival of 3.7 months and median overall survival of 6.9 months. In addition, results from subgroup and post hoc analyses revealed that patients with the proper tumor locations or appropriate levels of serum biomarkers might receive greater clinical benefits. The top 3 treatment‐related adverse events with severity of grade ≥3 included blood bilirubin increased (20.5%), hypertension (17.9%), and proteinuria (12.8%).ConclusionsWhen applied in the treatment of patients with BTC, surufatinib monotherapy has offered moderate clinical efficacy and shown expected tolerability and safety profiles.
Computational tongue color simulation in tongue diagnosis
Authors: Chen Hung‐Shing , Chen Shih‐Ming , Jiang Chen‐Yu , Zhang Yi‐Chen , Lin Chia‐Yu , Lin Chia‐En , Lee Jen‐Ai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTongue color is one of the important indices for tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine. This study aims to analyze tongue colors of computational tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine using scientific quantification and computational simulation. The tongue color data are established according to the experiment in which the doctors who use Chinese traditional medicine assessed standard Munsell color charts under the standard lighting environment. Tongue color is classified into six color names, which are pale red, light red, red, crimson, dark red, and purple. The doctors assessed Munsell color charts to find the corresponding color charts' distributions of each color name in tongue color. The hue‐lightness‐chroma data of the chosen Munsell color charts were transformed to CIE xyY using the look‐up table computation, then further were converted to CIELAB values and sRGB data. Based on the 95% confidence ellipses formed on CIELAB (a*,b*) plane and CIELAB (C*,L*) plane, the comparisons between tongue colors and general colors were analyzed. The computational tongue image simulation combining the elements of color, texture, and moisture was successfully established. This computational simulation method could potentially become a useful tool for teaching and learning diagnoses in the education of Chinese medicine.
Concurrency control for real‐time and mobile transactions: Historical view, challenges, and evolution of practices
Authors: Chaudhry Natalia , Yousaf Muhammad Murtaza 
Published: August 2021

SummaryRecently, mobile computing has changed the way that spatial data and GIS are processed. Unlike wired and stand‐alone GIS, now the trend has been switched from offline to real‐time data processing using location aware services, such as GPS technology. The increased usage of location aware services in multiuser real‐time environment has made transaction management incredibly significant. If the simultaneous query operations on the same data item are not handled intelligently then this results in data inconsistency issue. Concurrency control protocol is one of the primary aspects that helps in overcoming this issue a in multiuser environment. To the best of our knowledge, the impact of technological advancements on concurrency control has not been thoroughly studied in the literature. In this article, we explored the literature on concurrency control algorithms in depth with respect to real‐time applications and the applications with moving objects. We defined a taxonomy of concurrency control solutions and assessed the maturity of these solutions in the light of characteristics of real‐time and mobile environment. We compared the most recent developments made in the literature and presented meaningful insights. Challenges are also identified and discussed, which can assist in doing research in this domain in future.
Directly and Indirectly Acting Photoinitiating Systems for Ring‐Opening Polymerization of ϵ‐Caprolactone
Authors: Bener Semira , Yilmaz Gorkem , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDirectly and indirectly acting photoinitiating systems for cationic ring opening polymerization (ROP) of ϵ‐caprolactone (ϵ‐CL) by using diphenyl iodonium salt (DPI) in the presence of benzyl alcohol were studied and mechanistic details were evaluated. In the direct system, the polymerization is initiated by a Brønsted acid formed upon UV irradiation of DPI. Polymerizations by indirectly acting photoinitiating systems proceeding via electron transfer reactions of photochemically formed electron donor radicals or excited states of polynuclear aromatic compounds with DPI were investigated. It was demonstrated that polymerizations proceed in a controlled manner by an activated monomer (AM) mechanism. Applicability of the photoinitiation to the other lactone monomers was validated on the example of δ‐ valerolactone (δ‐VL).
Clinical significance of spatiotemporal transcriptional bursting and control
Authors: Wang Diane Catherine , Wang Xiangdong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of technologies provides the potential to perform real‐time visualization of transcriptional bursting patterns, superenhancer formation and sensitivity to perturbation, and interactions between enhancers, promoters, and regulators during the burst. The transcriptional bursting‐induced fluctuation can modify cell capacities, cell–cell communications, cell responses to microenvironmental changes, and forms of cell death. A large number of clinical and translational studies describe the existence of heterogeneity among cells, tissues, and organs but mechanism‐based understanding of how and why the heterogeneity exists and how it is formed. The transcriptional bursting, fluctuation, and control determine the development of heterogeneity and optimize cell functions in the cell development and differentiation, contribute to the initiation of cell dysfunction and tumorigenesis in response to environments, and development/evolvement of hyper/hyposensitivity to drugs. Spatiotemporal monitoring of transcriptional bursting and control provides a new insight and deeper understanding of spatiotemporal molecular medicine by integrating the transcriptional positioning and function with cell phenotypes, cell–cell communication, and clinical phenomes.
Rainforest conversion to monocultures favors generalist ants with large colonies
Authors: Kreider Jan J. , Chen Ting‐Wen , Hartke Tamara R. , Buchori Damayanti , Hidayat Purnama , Nazarreta Rizky , Scheu Stefan , Drescher Jochen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe conversion of natural ecosystems to agricultural land is one of the most important drivers of biodiversity decline worldwide, particularly in the tropics. Species loss is typically trait‐associated, leading to filtering of disturbance‐resistant species during community assembly, which affects ecosystem functioning and evolutionary potential of communities. To understand the ecological and phylogenetic impact of rainforest conversion to agricultural systems, we combine analysis of nesting habit, feeding habit, colony size, and body size of canopy ants (Formicidae) with a phylogenetic analysis of species collected in four land‐use systems in Sumatra, Indonesia: (1) lowland tropical rainforest, (2) jungle rubber (extensive rubber agroforest), and smallholder plantations of (3) rubber and (4) oil palm. Canopy ant communities in these land‐use systems differed in trait composition, with a larger proportion of generalist nesting and generalist‐omnivore feeding species in oil palm compared to rainforest and a larger proportion of generalist nesters and species with large colonies (>1000 individuals) in rubber than in rainforest. Traits of canopy ant communities in jungle rubber were more similar to those in rainforest than to those in rubber and oil palm plantations. In rainforest, mean pairwise phylogenetic distance was lower than expected for random community assembly, but did not differ from random in the other land‐use systems. Of the traits nesting habit, feeding habit, and colony size, only feeding habit exhibited phylogenetic signal. Our results show that rainforest conversion to agricultural systems is accompanied by shifts in trait composition of canopy ant communities. Further, our results argue against environmental filtering of closely related canopy ant species as the major community assembly mechanism in plantation systems, but suggest that the Sumatran lowland rainforests harbor recently diverged endemic ant species that are particularly vulnerable to rainforest conversion to agricultural systems. Given the importance of ants for tropical ecosystems, the ecological differences among ant communities along the land‐use gradient might have important consequences for ecosystem functioning and services in plantation systems.
Vulnerability of grassland seed banks to resource‐enhancing global changes
Authors: Eskelinen Anu , Elwood Elise , Harrison Susan , Beyen Eva , Gremer Jennifer R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSoil seed banks represent reservoirs of diversity in the soil that may increase resilience of communities to global changes. Two global change factors that can dramatically alter the composition and diversity of aboveground communities are nutrient enrichment and increased rainfall. In a full‐factorial nutrient and rainfall addition experiment in an annual Californian grassland, we asked whether shifts in aboveground composition and diversity were reflected in belowground seed banks. Nutrient and rainfall additions increased exotic and decreased native abundances, while rainfall addition increased exotic richness, both in aboveground communities and seed banks. Under nutrient addition, forbs and short‐statured plants were replaced by grasses and tall‐statured species, both above and below ground, and whole‐community responses to the treatments were similar. Structural equation models indicated that especially nutrient addition effects on seed banks were largely indirect via aboveground communities. However, rainfall addition also had a direct negative effect on native species richness and abundance of species with high specific leaf area (SLA) in seed banks, showing that seed banks are sensitive to the direct effects of temporary increases in rainfall. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of seed banks in annual, resource‐poor grasslands to shifts in compositional and trait changes in aboveground communities and show how invasion of exotics and depletion of natives are critical for these above‐belowground compositional shifts. Our findings suggest that seed banks have limited potential to buffer resource‐poor annual grasslands from the community changes caused by resource enrichment.
A pair of noncompeting neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies protecting from disease in a SARS‐CoV‐2 infection model
Authors: Peter Antonia Sophia , Roth Edith , Schulz Sebastian R. , Fraedrich Kirsten , Steinmetz Tobit , Damm Dominik , Hauke Manuela , Richel Elie , Mueller‐Schmucker Sandra , Habenicht Katharina , Eberlein Valentina , Issmail Leila , Uhlig Nadja , Dolles Simon , Grüner Eva , Peterhoff David , Ciesek Sandra , Hoffmann Markus , Pöhlmann Stefan , McKay Paul F. , Shattock Robin J. , Wölfel Roman , Socher Eileen , Wagner Ralf , Eichler Jutta , Sticht Heinrich , Schuh Wolfgang , Neipel Frank , Ensser Armin , Mielenz Dirk , Tenbusch Matthias , Winkler Thomas H. , Grunwald Thomas , Überla Klaus , Jäck Hans‐Martin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTRIANNI mice carry an entire set of human immunoglobulin V region gene segments and are a powerful tool to rapidly isolate human monoclonal antibodies. After immunizing these mice with DNA encoding the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 and boosting with spike protein, we identified 29 hybridoma antibodies that reacted with the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein. Nine antibodies neutralize SARS‐CoV‐2 infection at IC50 values in the subnanomolar range. ELISA‐binding studies and DNA sequence analyses revealed one cluster of three clonally related neutralizing antibodies that target the receptor‐binding domain and compete with the cellular receptor hACE2. A second cluster of six clonally related neutralizing antibodies bind to the N‐terminal domain of the spike protein without competing with the binding of hACE2 or cluster 1 antibodies. SARS‐CoV‐2 mutants selected for resistance to an antibody from one cluster are still neutralized by an antibody from the other cluster. Antibodies from both clusters markedly reduced viral spread in mice transgenic for human ACE2 and protected the animals from SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced weight loss. The two clusters of potent noncompeting SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibodies provide potential candidates for therapy and prophylaxis of COVID‐19. The study further supports transgenic animals with a human immunoglobulin gene repertoire as a powerful platform in pandemic preparedness initiatives.
Cooperativity in Transition Metal Tetrylene Complexes
Authors: Somerville Rosie J. , Campos Jesús 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCooperative reactivity between transition metals and ligands, or between two metals, has created significant opportunities for the development of new transformations that would be difficult to carry out with a single metal. Here we explore cooperativity between transition metals and divalent heavier group 14 elements (tetrylenes), a less‐explored facet of the field of cooperativity. Tetrylenes combine their strong σ‐donor properties with an empty p‐orbital that can accept electron density. This ambiphilicity has allowed them to form metal tetrylene and metallotetrylene complexes that place a reactive site adjacent to the metal. We have selected examples to demonstrate what has been achieved so far regarding cooperative reactivity, as this already spans metal‐, tetrylene‐ or multi‐site‐centred bond cleavage, cycloaddition, migration, metathesis, and insertion. We also highlight some challenges that need to be overcome for this cooperativity to make it to catalysis.
Compounds Combining a Macrocyclic Building Block and Flexible Side‐Arms as Carbohydrate Receptors: Syntheses and Structure‐Binding Activity Relationship Studies
Authors: Amrhein Felix , Mazik Monika 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA series of new representatives of compounds combining a macrocyclic building block and flexible side‐arms were prepared and their ability to act as carbohydrate receptors evaluated. The target compounds were obtained by multi‐step syntheses, which included the preparation of numerous precursors as well as the isolation of a large number of by‐products. The structure‐binding activity relationship studies comprise, in particular, the variation of the side‐arms in order to demonstrate the importance of the presence of a hydrogen bond donor in these units for the effective complexation of carbohydrates. Based on the findings of our previous studies, the variation of the bridge units is limited to benzene‐ and pyrrole‐based moieties, whereby the use of the last‐mentioned bridge type was expected to produce more effective systems. This assumption was confirmed by 1H NMR titrations and isothermal titration calorimetry.
Direct numerical simulation of a pulsatile flow in a stenotic channel using immersed boundary method
Authors: Mirfendereski Siamak , Park Jae Sung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA three‐dimensional direct numerical simulation model coupled with the immersed boundary method has been developed to simulate a pulsatile flow in a planar channel with single and double one‐sided semicircular constrictions. For relevance to blood flow in large arteries, simulations have been performed at Reynolds numbers of 750 and 1000. Flow physics and resultant wall shear stress (WSS)‐based hemodynamic parameters are presented. The instantaneous vortex dynamics, mean flow characteristics, and turbulent energy spectra are evaluated for flow physics. Subsequently, three WSS‐based parameters, namely the time‐averaged WSS, oscillatory shear index, and relative residence time, are calculated over the stenotic wall and correlated with flow physics to identify the regions prone to atherosclerotic plaque progression. Results show that the double stenotic channel leads to high‐intensity and broadband turbulent characteristics downstream, promoting critical values of the WSS‐based parameters in the post‐stenotic areas. In addition, the inter‐space area between two stenoses displays multiple strong recirculations, making this area highly prone to atherosclerosis progression. The effect of stenosis degree on the WSS‐based parameters is studied up to 60% degree. As the degree of occlusion is increased, larger regions are involved with the nonphysiological ranges of the WSS‐based parameters.
RBM10‐TFE3 fusions: A FISH‐concealed anomaly in adult renal cell carcinomas displaying a variety of morphological and genomic features: Comprehensive study of six novel cases
Authors: Di Mauro Ilaria , Dadone‐Montaudie Bérengère , Sibony Mathilde , Ambrosetti Damien , Molinie Vincent , Decaussin‐Petrucci Myriam , Bland Vincent , Arbaud Claire , Cenciu Béatrice , Arbib François , Just Pierre‐Alexandre , Derman Jonathan , Rioux‐Leclercq Nathalie , Pedeutour Florence ,   the CARARE French Network
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe accurate diagnosis of Xp11‐translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in adults is challenging. TFE3 (located on chromosome X) fuses with a partner gene generally located on another chromosome. In rare cases TFE3 may fuse with a neighboring gene: RBM10. Because TFE3 false‐positive immunostaining is a common pitfall in many laboratories, demonstration of the chromosomal rearrangement is required in order to ascertain the diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)—that has been considered as the gold standard method—reaches its limits for detecting small Xp11 paracentric inversions. We performed a comprehensive clinical, histological and genomic study of six novel cases of RCC with RBM10‐TFE3 fusion. Using FISH, TFE3 rearrangement was equivocal in one case and negative in others. RBM10‐TFE3 fusion was discovered using targeted RNA sequencing (RNASeq). As all the previously reported cases (mean age: 50), the six patients were adults (mean age: 42), suggesting an epidemiologic difference between RBM10‐TFE3 RCC and tumors harboring some other partner genes, such as ASPSCR1 that rather occur in children. Array‐comparative genomic hybridization showed several alterations, notably a gain of 17q in four cases with papillary features and loss of 3p in one case with clear cells. Our study demonstrates that, though rare among adult cases of RCC, RBM10‐TFE3 fusion is not exceptional and warrants appropriate molecular detection. Notably, it would be worthy to systemically investigate by RNASeq challenging RCC with type‐2 papillary features and 17q gain.