bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Coronal Line Spectrum of the Iron Nova V3666 Ophiuchi
Authors: Rudy Richard J. , Subasavage John P. , Mauerhan Jon C. , Varakian Matthew , Rossano George S. , Puetter R. C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Optical and infrared spectroscopy are presented for the classical nova V3666 Ophiuchi (Nova Ophiuchi 2018 No.3) from 11 months after its outburst. At that epoch, V3666 Oph displayed an [Fe x] λ0.6375 emission line stronger than Hα and nearly a factor of 3 larger, relative to Hα, than in any nova observed previously. The [Fe x] feature, with an equivalent width exceeding 1300 Å, was enormously strong relative to the continuum emission as well. V3666 Oph also reached a state of high excitation for an Fe ii type nova, displaying coronal lines of [Fe xi], [S ix], and [Ar x], and permitted features that can be identified with the C vi (8–7), (9–8), and (10–9) transitions. In addition to [Fe x] and [Fe xi], V3666 Oph also displayed bright lines of [Fe vii], indicating that the prominent iron features were not confined to a single or narrow range of ionization states. Modeling the emission line spectrum of V3666 Oph with the photoionization code Cloudy indicated that the bulk of the emission line gas was matter-bounded, severely reducing the amount of low ionization gas and resulting in coronal lines that were very strong in comparison to lines such as H i and He i, and the familiar low excitation forbidden lines of nitrogen and oxygen. Such matter-bounded regions are observationally rare in novae since they are both faint and short-lived, offering a plausible explanation for why [Fe x] λ0.6375 had not be seen at this strength previously.
OGLE-2018-BLG-0567Lb and OGLE-2018-BLG-0962Lb: Two Microlensing Planets through the Planetary-caustic Channel
Authors: Kil Jung Youn , Han Cheongho , Udalski Andrzej , Gould Andrew , Yee Jennifer C. ,   and, Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Zhu Wei , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radek , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzystof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin ,   (The OGLE Collaboration)
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present the analyses of two microlensing events, OGLE-2018-BLG-0567 and OGLE-2018-BLG-0962. In both events, the short-lasting anomalies were densely and continuously covered by two high-cadence surveys. The light-curve modeling indicates that the anomalies are generated by source crossings over the planetary caustics induced by planetary companions to the hosts. The estimated planet/host separation (scaled to the angular Einstein radius θ
E) and mass ratio are (s, q × 103) = (1.81 ± 0.02, 1.24 ± 0.07) and (s, q × 103) = (1.25 ± 0.03, 2.38 ± 0.08), respectively. From Bayesian analyses, we estimate the host and planet masses as

(

M

h

,

M

p

)
=
(

0.25

−
0.13

+
0.27

M

⊙

,

0.32

−
0.17

+
0.34

M

J

)

and

(

M

h

,

M

p

)
=
(

0.54

−
0.28

+
0.33

M

⊙

,

1.34

−
0.70

+
0.82

M

J

)

, respectively. These planetary systems are located at a distance of

7.06

−
1.15

+
0.93

kpc

for OGLE-2018-BLG-0567 and

6.50

−
1.75

+
1.06

kpc

for OGLE-2018-BLG-0962, suggesting that they are likely to be near the Galactic bulge. The two events prove the capability of current high-cadence surveys for finding planets through the planetary-caustic channel. We find that most published planetary-caustic planets are found in Hollywood events in which the source size strongly contributes to the anomaly cross-section relative to the size of the caustic.
An Empirical Bayesian Approach to Limb Darkening in Modeling WASP-121b Transit Light Curves
Authors: Yang Fan , Long Richard J. , Liu Ji-feng , Shan Su-su , Guo Rui , Zhang Bo , Yi Tuan , Zheng Ling-Lin , Zhao Zhi-Chao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present a novel, iterative method using an empirical Bayesian approach for modeling the limb-darkened WASP-121b transit from the TESS light curve. Our method is motivated by the need to improve R

p
/R
* estimates for exoplanet atmosphere modeling and is particularly effective with the limb-darkening (LD) quadratic law requiring no prior central value from stellar atmospheric models. With the nonlinear LD law, the method has all the advantages of not needing atmospheric models but does not converge. The iterative method gives a different R

p
/R
* for WASP-121b at a significance level of 1σ when compared with existing noniterative methods. To assess the origins and implications of this difference, we generate and analyze light curves with known values of the LD coefficients (LDCs). We find that noniterative modeling with LDC priors from stellar atmospheric models results in an inconsistent R

p
/R
* at a 1.5σ level when the known LDC values are the same as those previously found when modeling real data by the iterative method. In contrast, the LDC values from the iterative modeling yield the correct value of R

p
/R
* to within 0.25σ. For more general cases with different known inputs, Monte Carlo simulations show that the iterative method obtains unbiased LDCs and correct R

p
/R
* to within a significance level of 0.3σ. Biased LDC priors can cause biased LDC posteriors and lead to bias in the R

p
/R
* of up to 0.82%, 2.5σ for the quadratic law and 0.32%, 1.0σ for the nonlinear law. Our improvement in R

p
/R
* estimation is important when analyzing exoplanet atmospheres.
Observations with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument. X. Preliminary Orbits of K-dwarf Binaries and Other Stars
Authors: Horch Elliott P. , Broderick Kyle G. , Casetti-Dinescu Dana I. , Henry Todd J. , Fekel Francis C. , Muterspaugh Matthew W. , Willmarth Daryl W. , Winters Jennifer G. , van Belle Gerard T. , Clark Catherine A. , Everett Mark E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper details speckle observations of binary stars taken at the Lowell Discovery Telescope, the WIYN telescope, and the Gemini telescopes between 2016 January and 2019 September. The observations taken at Gemini and Lowell were done with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI), and those done at WIYN were taken with the successor instrument to DSSI at that site, the NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Star and Speckle Imager (NESSI). In total, we present 378 observations of 178 systems, and we show that the uncertainty in the measurement precision for the combined data set is ∼2 mas in separation, ∼1°–2° in position angle depending on the separation, and ∼0.1 mag in magnitude difference. Together with data already in the literature, these new results permit 25 visual orbits and one spectroscopic-visual orbit to be calculated for the first time. In the case of the spectroscopic-visual analysis, which is done on the ternary star HD 173093, we calculate masses with a precision of better than 1% for all three stars in that system. Twenty-one of the visual orbits calculated have a K dwarf as the primary star; we add these to the known orbits of K-dwarf primary stars and discuss the basic orbital properties of these stars at this stage. Although incomplete, the data that exist so far indicate that binaries with K-dwarf primaries tend not to have low-eccentricity orbits at separations of one to a few tens of astronomical units, that is, on solar system scales.
Thermal Desorption of Astrophysically Relevant Ice Mixtures of Acetaldehyde and Acetonitrile from Olivine Dust*
Authors: Corazzi Maria Angela , Brucato John Robert , Poggiali Giovanni , Podio Linda , Fedele Davide , Codella Claudio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Millimeter and centimeter observations are discovering an increasing number of interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs) in a large variety of star-forming sites, from the earliest stages of star formation to protoplanetary disks and in comets. In this context it is pivotal to understand how the solid-phase interactions between iCOMs and grain surfaces influence the thermal desorption process and, therefore, the presence of molecular species in the gas phase. In the laboratory, it is possible to simulate the thermal desorption process, deriving important parameters such as the desorption temperatures and energies. We report new laboratory results on temperature-programmed desorption from olivine dust of astrophysical relevant ice mixtures of water, acetonitrile, and acetaldehyde. We found that in the presence of grains, only a fraction of acetaldehyde and acetonitrile desorb at about 100 K and 120 K, respectively, while 40% of the molecules are retained by fluffy grains of the order of 100 μm up to temperatures of 190–210 K. In contrast with the typical assumption that all molecules are desorbed in regions with temperatures higher than 100 K, this result implies that about 40% of the molecules can survive on the grains enabling the delivery of volatiles toward regions with temperatures as high as 200 K and shifting inwards the position of the snow lines in protoplanetary disks. These studies offer a necessary support to interpret observational data and may help our understanding of iCOM formation, providing an estimate of the fraction of molecules released at various temperatures.
BIOVERA-Tree: tree diversity, community composition, forest structure and functional traits along gradients of forest-use intensity and elevation in Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Monge González María , Weigelt Patrick , Guerrero-Ramírez Nathaly , Craven Dylan , Castillo-Campos Gonzalo , Krömer Thorsten , Kreft Holger 
Published: June 2021

Here, we describe BIOVERA-Tree, a database on tree diversity, community composition, forest structure, and functional traits collected in 120 forest plots distributed along an extensive elevational gradient in Veracruz State, Mexico. BIOVERA-Tree includes information on forest structure from three levels of forest-use intensity, namely old-growth, degraded, and secondary forest, replicated across eight elevations from sea-level to near the tree line at 3500 m and on size and location of 4549 tree individuals with a diameter at breast height ≥ 5 cm belonging to 216 species, 154 genera, and 80 families. We also report measurements of eight functional traits, namely wood density for 143 species, maximum height for 216 species and leaf traits including: specific leaf area, lamina density, leaf thickness, chlorophyll content, and leaf area for 148 species and leaf dry matter content for 145 species.
BIOVERA-Tree is a new database comprising data collected in a rigorous sampling design along forest-use intensity and elevational gradients, contributing to our understanding of how interactive effects of forest-use intensity and elevation affect tree diversity, community composition, and functional traits in tropical forests.
ROP Defense Using Trie Graph for System Security
Authors: Zhu Alex Yao Chu , Yan Wei Qi , Sinha Roopak 
Published: June 2021

Most Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) / Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) cannot defend the attacks from a Return Oriented Program (ROP) which applies code reusing and exploiting techniques without the need for code injection. Malicious attackers chain a short sequence as a gadget and execute this gadget as an arbitrary (Turing-complete) behavior in the target program. Lots of ROP defense tools have been developed with satisfactory performance and low costs overhead, but malicious attackers can evade ROP tools. Therefore, it needs security researchers to continually improve existing ROP defense tools, because the defense ability of target devices, such as smartphones is weak, and such devices are being increasingly targeted. Our contribution in this paper is to propose an ROP defense method that has provided a better performance of defense against ROP attacks than existing ROP defense tools.
Effectiveness of Pile Relief Device with Special Reference to Hemorrhoids and Fissure in Ano among General Population - A Clinical Study
Authors: Suri Hitender , Suri Deepika , Bansal Kamalpreet , Suri Sauvik , Ghodke Virendera , Kaur Gurjeet 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Hemorrhoids and fissure are one of the most common anorectal problems. It is reported that 1 in 5 patients suffers hemorrhoids and fissure during their lifetime.

Aim and Objectives:
To study the effectiveness of “pile relief device” in the management of hemorrhoids and fissures among patients attending outpatient department.

Methodology:
Hence, a clinical study has been carried out among 1000 patients at Rana Piles Hospital, Sirhind (Punjab), to treat the fissures and hemorrhoids by a cryotherapy device called Pile Relief Device.

Results:
The result shown that there is significant regression of haemorrhoidal pile mass, healing of fissure mucosa, and no anal stenosis.

Conclusion:
The results were shown that the Pile Relief Device is effective over today's conventional line of treatment.
Influence of Heat Treatment on Muscle Recovery after Skeletal Muscle Injury in Rats
Authors: El-Sheikh Amal Ahmed , El-Kordy Eman Ali , Issa Sara Alaa 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Muscle injuries represent a great part of athletic injuries. The repairing of skeletal muscle after injury is highly influenced by its regenerative response that may be affected by thermotherapy.

Aim:
This research examined the consequence of heat therapy on muscle recovery after skeletal muscle injury in rats.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-five male adult albino rats were classified into three groups: control, cardiotoxin-injected without heat (nonheating group), and cardiotoxin-injected with heat (heating group). Muscle injury was caused by the injection of cardiotoxin intramuscularly into the tibialis anterior muscles. Heating treatment (40°C for 20 min) was started immediately after the injury. Subsequent observations were performed at day 1, 3, and 7 after injury, including histological imaging and vimentin immunostaining expression.

Results:
In the heating group, the regenerating myotubes, having two or more central nuclei, first looked at 3 days after muscle injury, while in the nonheating group, the regenerating fibers were first observed at 7 days after muscle injury. Immunohistochemically, the vimentin reactions were absent in control muscle fibers but were identified in regenerating muscle fiber of the heating group earlier than in the nonheating group.

Conclusion:
Starting of heat treatment immediately after muscle injury promoted the regeneration of muscle fibers.
Antimicrobial resistance patterns of phenotype Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing bacterial isolates in a referral hospital in northern Tanzania
Authors: Kajeguka Debora C. , Nambunga Petro P. , Kabissi Frank , Kamugisha Benjamin , Kassam Nancy , Nyombi Balthazar , Mataro Chacha , Maro Venance , Chilongola Jaffu O. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Production of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) by bacteria is a chronic problem in a health care set up. In order to have adequate information for treatment of bacterial infections especially ESBL producing isolates, it is crucial to understand the trends in the antibiotic-resistance pattern, occurrence and their geographical spread. The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern among phenotype ESBL producing isolates in northern Tanzania.Methods: From July 2013 to January 2014, urine, pus and blood samples were collected from patients suspected to have bacterial infections at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Moshi, Tanzania. The isolates were identified based on standard laboratory procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out using various antimicrobial discs as per the recommendations of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute.Results: A total of 330 specimens were collected. They consisted of 46 urine, 264 pus (from wound) and 20 blood samples. Among isolated bacteria, ESBL producers were 29.7% (98) and non-producers were 70.5% (232). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most isolated bacteria and dominant ESBL producers. ESBL production was highly associated with moderate condition at discharge and longer periods of admission. More than 60% of the ESBL producing E. coli were resistant to ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, amoxycilin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamycin. More than 80% of ESBL producing K. pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis were resistant to ceftazidime and cefotaxime. Fifty four percent of ESBL producing K. pneumonia were resistant to gentamycin.Conclusion: This study shows that ESLB phenotypes among Gram-negative bacteria are common among patients attending a tertiary hospital in northern in Tanzania. The findings suggest that clinical microbiology laboratories should take into account the diagnosis of ESBL producers in order to define the degree of the problem so as to establish a proper treatment protocol.
Rift Valley fever potential mosquito vectors and their infection status in Ngorongoro District in northern Tanzania
Authors: Mhina Athanas D. , Kasanga Christopher J. , Sindato Calvin , Karimuribo Esron D. , Mboera Leonard E.G. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonotic disease. Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) has been isolated from more than 40 species of mosquitoes from eight genera. This study was conducted to determine the abundance of potential mosquito vectors and their RVFV infection status in Ngorongoro District of northern Tanzania.Methods: Adult mosquitoes were collected outdoors using the CDC light traps baited with carbon dioxide in five randomly selected villages namely, Meshili, Malambo, Osinoni, Endulen and Nainokanoka. The study was carried out towards the end of rainy season in May 2013. The traps were set in proximity to potential breeding sites and cattle kraals. The collected mosquitoes were identified to genus and species using morphological keys. They were tested for RVFV RNA using real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).Results: A total of 2,094 adult mosquitoes belonging to three genera and nine species were collected. Most of them (87.5%) were collected in Meshili, followed by Malambo (8.2%) and Osinoni (4%) villages. No single mosquito was collected in Nainokanoka or Endulen. The nine species collected were Culex pipiens complex, Cx. antennatus, Cx. tigripes, Cx. annulioris, Cx. cinereus, Anopheles arabiensis, An. squamosus, An. pharoensis and Mansonia uniformis. No RVFV RNA was detected in the mosquito specimens.Conclusion: Various RVFV potential mosquito species were collected from the study villages. These mosquito vectors were heterogeneously distributed in the district suggesting a variation in RVF transmission risk in the study area.
Anaemia prevalence and factors associated with haemoglobin change following radiotherapy in individuals with cancers at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Tanzania
Authors: Makubi Abel , Shiyo Andrew , Kahesa Crispin 
Published: June 2021

Background: Despite the fact that anaemia is common worldwide, limited studies have been done in most developing countries to estimate its prevalence and factors associated with haemoglobin change in patients with cancers receiving radiotherapy. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. All individuals with cancers who were admitted in the wards for radiation treatment from August to December 2013 were included. Information on social-clinical characteristics, cancer type and associated factors as well as haemoglobin level before and after radiation were obtained. The prevalence of anaemia was determined as a proportion and linear regression was used to determine factors associated with haemoglobin change.Results: A total of 230 study subjects were available for analysis, of whom 82% were females. The overall mean age was 50±14 years. Most of the subjects (44%) were residing in the coastal regions, 50% had never attended school and 77% had no formal employment. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 77% before and 82% after radiotherapy. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that history of blood transfusion (beta-coefficient= 1.193; p=0.004) was the only factor associated with absolute change in haemoglobin.Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia was high, regardless of the cancer type. Blood transfusion appeared to have a positive change in haemoglobin following radiotherapy. Awareness should be increased to provide early detection of the condition with appropriate corrective measures.
Renal dysfunction among adult patients in Mwanza, Tanzania: prevalence, outcomes and associated factors
Authors: Kilonzo Semvua B. , Seiffudin Abdulraassul T. , Bakshi Fatma A. , Gunda Daniel W. 
Published: June 2021

Background: The prevalence and mortalities due to renal diseases is estimated to be high in sub-Saharan Africa. Little is known about these conditions among the hospitalized adult-patients in Tanzania. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude, associated factors and outcomes of renal dysfunction among the inpatients at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania.Methods: This was both analytical cross section (for determining the prevalence and predictors) and prospective cohort (for determining the outcomes) study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected from all adult inpatients. For those patients with initial estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) of <60mls/min/1.73m2, a repeat creatinine test was done after 3-months to diagnose the chronic kidney disease.Results: Out of 637 patients, 48.2% were females and the median age was 45 years. Twenty-eight percent of the study population had renal dysfunction. The prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease was 41/59 (69.5%). The odds of having renal dysfunction was strongly predicted by older age (p=0.009), female sex (p=0.004), heart failure (p<0.001), diabetes (p=0.04), decreased urine output (p<0.001) and proteinuria (p=0.004). Mortality, both in-hospital (3.23 [2.19–4.74] p<0.001) and at 1-month post-discharge (3.07[2.13-4.41], p<0.001) was found to be significantly higher in patients with renal dysfunction.Conclusion: Our study has demonstrated a high magnitude of renal dysfunction and associated mortalities. This strongly emphasizes the need to increase awareness among clinicians in sub-Saharan Africa on renal diseases so as to pro-actively screen, prevent, diagnose and early treatment of renal dysfunction among hospitalized patients.