bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting the CCR6/CCL20 Axis in Entheseal and Cutaneous Inflammation
Authors: Shi Zhenrui , Garcia‐Melchor Emma , Wu Xuesong , Getschman Anthony E. , Nguyen Mimi , Rowland Douglas J. , Wilson Machelle , Sunzini Flavia , Akbar Moeed , Huynh Mindy , Law Timothy , Raychaudhuri Smriti K. , Raychaudhuri Siba P. , Volkman Brian F. , Millar Neal L. , Hwang Sam T. 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the involvement of the CCR6/CCL20 axis in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis (PsO) and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.MethodsFirst, we quantified CCL20 levels in peripheral blood and synovial fluid from PsA patients and examined the presence of CCR6+ cells in synovial and tendon tissue. Utilizing an interleukin‐23 minicircle DNA (IL‐23 MC) mouse model exhibiting key features of both PsO and PsA, we investigated CCR6 and CCL20 expression as well as the preventive and therapeutic effect of CCL20 blockade. Healthy tendon stromal cells were stimulated in vitro with IL‐1β to assess the production of CCL20 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of conditioned media from stimulated tenocytes in inducing T cell migration was interrogated using a Transwell system.ResultsWe observed an up‐regulation of both CCR6 and CCL20 in the enthesis of IL‐23 MC–treated mice, which was confirmed in human biopsy specimens. Specific targeting of the CCR6/CCL20 axis with a CCL20 locked dimer (CCL20LD) blocked entheseal inflammation, leading to profound reductions in clinical and proinflammatory markers in the joints and skin of IL‐23 MC–treated mice. The stromal compartment in the tendon was the main source of CCL20 in this model and, accordingly, in vitro activated human tendon cells were able to produce this chemokine and to induce CCR6+ T cell migration, the latter of which could be blocked by CCL20LD.ConclusionOur study highlights the pathogenic role of the CCR6/CCL20 axis in enthesitis and introduces the prospect of a novel therapeutic approach for treating patients with PsO and PsA.
The usage of composite nanomaterials in biomedical engineering applications
Authors: Akgöl Sinan , Ulucan‐Karnak Fulden , kuru Cansu İlke , Kuşat Kevser 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNanotechnology is still developing over the decades and it is commonly used in biomedical applications with the design of nanomaterials due to the several purposes. With the investigation of materials on the molecular level has increased the develop composite nanomaterials with exceptional properties using in different applications and industries. The application of these composite nanomaterials is widely used in the fields of textile, chemical, energy, defense industry, electronics, and biomedical engineering which is growing and developing on human health. Development of biosensors for the diagnosis of diseases, drug targeting and controlled release applications, medical implants and imaging techniques are the research topics of nanobiotechnology. In this review, overview of the development of nanotechnology and applications which is use of composite nanomaterials in biomedical engineering is provided.
Recent Advances in Aerobic Photo‐Oxidation of Methanol to Valuable Chemicals
Authors: Shi Quanquan , Wei Xuejiao , Raza Ali , Li Gao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe oxidation of photocatalytic methanol into valuable chemicals is of considerable importance to the growth of the chemical industry. TiO2 has been proven to be a catalyst for methanol photocatalytic oxidation to valued chemicals (e. g. methyl formate and dimethoxymethane) at room temperature with an inferior activity. Recently, it has become a hot research topic due to its low interaction temperature with fewer by‐products. Further, the introduction of IB metal particles (i. e. Cu, Ag, and Au) upon the surface of titania can drastically enhance the catalytic activity in the photo‐oxidation, which is mainly due to metal nanoparticles can optimally enhance the efficiency of the isolation of photo‐generated holes and electrons as well as dissociate oxygen molecules. Herein, we review recent progress of the photocatalysis of methanol toward the production of chemicals over different photocatalysts (e. g., TiO2P25, M NPs/TiO2, where M=CuO, Ag2O, Au, PtO, etc). Moreover, we also glean an understanding of the catalytic mechanism and conversion pathway at play, which is confirmed by STM, in‐situ ATR‐IR, DFT simulations, etc. The reaction pathway of photo‐oxidation is different from that in the thermal process. A pivotal intermediate is absorbed formaldehyde (HCHO*), which is formed via an oxidative dehydrogenation over the redox sites of catalysts. Then the generated HCHO* directly reacts with neighboring methanol to give methyl formate (on redox sites) and dimethoxymethane (on acidic sites through a scrambling movement).
Critical Review on the Unique Interactions and Electroanalytical Challenges Related to Cathodes ‐ Solutions Interfaces in Non‐Aqueous Mg Battery Prototypes
Authors: Attias Ran , Sharon Daniel , Goffer Yosef , Aurbach Doron 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRechargeable batteries based on Mg metal anodes may be a promising alternative to current Li‐ion battery systems. However, the development of practical rechargeable Mg batteries (RMBs) is hindered by the absence of cathode materials that can reversibly intercalate Mg ions with a reasonably fast kinetic, while still exhibiting high capacity and high working voltages. In this minireview we summarize our recent progress in understanding cathodes/electrolyte solutions interfaces in non‐aqueous Mg systems. While most studies in the field of cathode materials for RMBs focus on the solid‐state diffusion phenomena of the bare Mg ion within the solid hosts, this minireview summarizes several important findings that demonstrate how the electrochemical response of the cathode material is also significantly influenced by the solution chemistry and structure. We provide a comprehensive description of the sequential steps taking place in the electrochemical intercalation reactions, with an emphasis on the charge transfer process across the solution/electrode interfaces. We discuss the different manner in which the electrolyte solutions′ chemical characteristics can impact each step of the intercalation process and why this information is important for the development of new cathode materials for rechargeable Mg batteries. We believe that these types of fundamental investigations are crucial steps for the realization of this interesting battery technology.
Performance evaluation of SDAGM‐coated microproppants in hydraulic fracturing using the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Han Yanhui , Liang Feng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHydraulic fracturing has become a standard stimulation technology to enhance hydrocarbon production in unconventional reservoirs in recent decades. During organic‐rich tight carbonate reservoir stimulation, extensive microfractures will be created and pre‐existing microfractures will be opened in the far‐field during hydraulic fracturing, but they tend to close after the release of hydraulic pressure due to the larger sizes of the conventional proppants not fitting into the microfractures. The well productivity will be further enhanced if these microfractures can be held open during production, like the primary hydraulic fractures supported by proppants. Based on this idea, industry has introduced microproppants into the pad or pre‐pad fluid so that they can be placed into opened microfractures during hydraulic fracturing. In this work, we propose further enhancing the stimulation efficiency by introducing solid delayed acid generating materials (SDAGM)‐coated microproppants into the stimulation for the dual function of keeping microfractures open, and, through subsequent reactions of the coating materials with the carbonate formation, creating extra void space inside the microfractures. To prove this concept and help select the appropriate microproppant coating plan, lattice Boltzmann simulation is performed to measure the hydraulic conductivity of the stimulated microfractures under different scenarios that represent corresponding stimulation treatment schemes. The simulations showed that fracture conductivity of the microfractures can be significantly improved by placing SDAGM‐coated microproppant into them. Using the mixed uncoated and SDAGM‐coated microproppants (Scheme II) may have better fracture conductivity improvement than using the coated microproppant alone (Scheme I).
Use of a Removable Backbone Modification Strategy to Prevent Aspartimide Formation in the Synthesis of Asp Lactam Cyclic Peptides†
Authors: Cui Tingting , Chen Junyou , Zhao Rui , Guo Yanyan , Tang Jiahui , Li Yulei , Li Yi‐Ming , Bierer Donald , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionThe synthesis of an Asp lactam derivative of A‐183, a selective inhibitor of Factor 7a with good anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity, is described. Our synthesis depends on the use of a removable backbone modification (RBM) strategy to prevent aspartimide formation, which thwarted all attempts to synthesize this target using direct solid‐phase peptide synthesis. Validation of the RBM strategy in the synthesis of a second Asp lactam derivative was also accomplished. The RBM strategy is therefore proposed as a general method for the synthesis of Asp lactam cyclic peptides.
Performance of diploid and interploid hybrids of St. Augustinegrass under moderate shade
Authors: Meeks Meghyn , Chandra Ambika 
Published: June 2021

AbstractShadetolerance is an important factor for cultivar selection in urban areas. Diploid (2n = 2x = 18) cultivars of St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] with moderate to high shade tolerance have been popular choices for residential and commercial landscapes in the southern United States. This study evaluated 26 elite drought resistant diploid and interploid (polyploid × diploid) hybrids and four commercial cultivars under 75% continuous shade from 20 June 2017 through 30 Oct. 2018. Biweekly data were collected during the growing season for percent green cover, visual turfgrass quality, canopy color, shoot density, and daily leaf elongation rates (DER; mm d–1). Spring greenup was rated annually, and to gray leaf spot incidence was rated when naturally occurring. All genotypes lost green cover through 2017, and greenup was delayed transitioning into the summer of 2018 when most diploids struggled to recover from disease, shade, and winter injury whereas, on an average, interploid hybrids reached up to 84.0% green cover. Daily leaf elongation rates were lower for diploids than polyploids in both years. Turfgrass quality, color, and density generally declined under shade as expected. Overall, three interploid hybrids (DALSA 1329, 1404, and 1406) were the top performers demonstrating good retention of turfgrass performance traits and reduced DER under shade.
Further development of a liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry‐based strategy for analyzing eight biomarkers in human urine indicating toxic mushroom or Ricinus communis ingestions
Authors: Bambauer Thomas P. , Wagmann Lea , Weber Armin A. , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecently, we presented a strategy for analysis of eight biomarkers in human urine to verify toxic mushroom or Ricinus communis ingestions. However, screening for the full panel is not always necessary. Thus, we aimed to develop a strategy to reduce analysis time and by focusing on two sets of analytes. One set (A) for biomarkers of late‐onset syndromes, such as phalloides syndrome or the syndrome after castor bean intake. Another set (B) for biomarkers of early‐onset syndromes, such as pantherine–muscaria syndrome and muscarine syndrome. Both analyses should be based on hydrophilic‐interaction liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry (MS)/MS (HILIC‐HRMS/MS). For A, urine samples were prepared by liquid–liquid extraction using dichloromethane and subsequent solid‐phase extraction of the aqueous supernatant. For B urine was precipitated using acetonitrile. Method A was validated for ricinine and α‐ and β‐amanitin and method B for muscarine, muscimol, and ibotenic acid according to the specifications for qualitative analytical methods. In addition, robustness of recovery and normalized matrix factors to matrix variability measured by urinary creatinine was tested. Moreover, applicability was tested using 10 urine samples from patients after suspected mushroom intoxication. The analytes α‐ and β‐amanitin, muscarine, muscimol, and ibotenic acid could be successfully identified. Finally, psilocin‐O‐glucuronide could be identified in two samples and unambiguously distinguished from bufotenine‐O‐glucuronide via their MS2 patterns. In summary, the current workflow offers several advantages towards the previous method, particularly being more labor‐, time‐, and cost‐efficient, more robust, and more sensitive.
During capsaicin‐induced central sensitization, brush allodynia is associated with baseline warmth sensitivity, whereas mechanical hyperalgesia is associated with painful mechanical sensibility, anxiety and somatization
Authors: Meeker Timothy J. , Schmid Anne‐Christine , Liu Yiming , Keaser Michael L. , Dorsey Susan G. , Seminowicz David A. , Greenspan Joel D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundMechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia incidence varies considerably amongst neuropathic pain patients. This study explored whether sensory or psychological factors associate with mechanical hyperalgesia and brush allodynia in a human experimental model.MethodsSixty‐six healthy volunteers (29 male) completed psychological questionnaires and participated in two quantitative sensory testing (QST) sessions. Warmth detection threshold (WDT), heat pain threshold (HPT) and suprathreshold mechanical pain (STMP) ratings were measured before exposure to a capsaicin‐heat pain model (C‐HP). After C‐HP exposure, brush allodynia and STMP were measured in one session, whilst mechanical hyperalgesia was measured in another session.ResultsWDT and HPT measured in sessions separated by 1 month demonstrated significant but moderate levels of reliability (WDT: ICC = 0.5, 95%CI [0.28, 0.77]; HPT: ICC = 0.62, 95%CI [0.40, 0.77]). Brush allodynia associated with lower WDT (z = −3.06, p = 0.002; ϕ = 0.27). Those with allodynia showed greater hyperalgesia intensity (F = 7.044, p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.107) and area (F = 9.319, p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.163) than those without allodynia. No psychological self‐report measures were significantly different between allodynic and nonallodynic groups. Intensity of hyperalgesia in response to lighter mechanical stimuli was associated with lower HPT, higher STMP ratings and higher Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire scores at baseline. Hyperalgesia to heavier probe stimuli associated with state anxiety and to a lesser extent somatic awareness. Hyperalgesic area associated with lower baseline HPT and higher STMP ratings. Hyperalgesic area was not correlated with allodynic area across individuals.ConclusionsThese findings support research in neuropathic pain patients and human experimental models that peripheral sensory input and individual sensibility are related to development of mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia during central sensitization, whilst psychological factors play a lesser role.SignificanceWe evaluated differential relationships of psychological and perceptual sensitivity to the development of capsaicin‐induced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. Fifty percent of healthy volunteers failed to develop mechanical allodynia. Baseline pain sensitivity was greater in those developing allodynia and was related to the magnitude and area of hyperalgesia. State psychological factors, whilst unrelated to allodynia, were related to mechanical hyperalgesia. This supports that the intensity of peripheral sensory input and individual sensibility are related to development of mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia during central sensitization, whilst psychological factors play a lesser role.
Eco‐environmental benefits analysis of EcoPartnerships program of production technology of calcium carbonate from lime mud produced by alkaline papermaking
Authors: Geng Chao , Ma Tao , Liu Jianguo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLime mud (LM) is a kind of industrial solid waste produced in alkali recovery in papermaking industry. LM is a global environmental challenge that both China and the United States are facing. With the support of the EcoPartnership Program under the 10‐year Sino‐US Energy and Environment Cooperation Framework, China Sun Paper Joint Stock Co., Ltd. has successfully formed a partnership with America Mineral Technologies Inc. (MTI). MTI has applied the production technology of calcium carbonate from LM produced by alkaline papermaking (PTCC) to the Sun Paper Company. Compared with the traditional treatment technology of LM in Sun Paper Company, the reduction efficiency of the PTCC technology can reach 97.99%. The waste residue is relatively more stable and poses less threat to the environment than traditional technology. The energy consumption is low, and 4.15 kgce can be saved by treating per ton of LM. It does not release carbon dioxide to the environment, but consumes 0.485 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of LM on the contrary. Because the calcium carbonate produced can be used as a product, RMB 531 yuan can be saved in the treatment of each ton of LM. The PTCC process is conducive to the coordinated development of economic, environmental, and social benefits, and realizes the sustainable development of the paper industry.
Daphnia magna Gut-Specific Transcriptomic Responses to Feeding Inhibiting Chemicals and Food Limitation
Authors: Campos Bruno , Piña Benjamín , Barata Carlos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Transcriptomic responses combined with apical adverse ecologically relevant outcomes have proven to be useful to unravel and anchor molecular mechanisms of action to adverse outcomes. This is the case for feeding inhibition responses in the model ecotoxicological species Daphnia magna. The aim of the present study was to assess the transcriptomic responses in guts dissected from D. magna individuals exposed to concentrations of selected compounds that inhibit feeding and compare them with the responses associated to 2 levels of food restriction (low food and starvation). Chemical treatments included cadmium, copper, fluoranthene, λ-cyhalothrin, and the cyanotoxin anatoxin-a. Although the initial hypothesis was that exposure to chemical feeding inhibitors should elicit similar molecular responses as food limitation, the corresponding gut transcriptomic responses differed significantly. In moderate food limitation conditions, D. magna individuals increased protein and carbohydrate catabolism, likely to be used as energetic sources, whereas under severe starving conditions most metabolism-related pathways appeared down-regulated. Treatment with chemical feeding inhibitors promoted cell turnover–related signaling pathways in the gut, probably to renew tissue damage caused by the reported oxidative stress effects of these compounds, and inhibited the transcription of gut digestive gene enzymes and energetic metabolic pathways. We conclude that chemical feeding inhibitors, rather than mimicking the physiological response to low- or no-food conditions, cause specific toxic effects, preventing Daphnia both from feeding and from adjusting its metabolism to the resulting low energy intake. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2510–2520. © 2021 SETAC
Application of graphene oxide in the adsorption and extraction of bioactive compounds from lemon peel
Authors: Sharif Nasirian Valeh , Shahidi Seyed‐Ahmad , Tahermansouri Hasan , Chekin Fereshteh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe bioactive compounds like rutin, naringin, and gallic acid have been separated from lemon peel by graphene oxide (GO). The different influences such as pH values and separation conditions were investigated. Moreover, the samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, UV‐Vis spectroscopy, and high‐performance liquid chromatography. The findings of high‐performance liquid chromatography revealed that the adsorbed proportion of rutin by GO was more than naringin and gallic acid so that 66.7% of rutin, 34% of naringin, and 19% of gallic acid from the extract were remarkably adsorbed and separated. Besides, adsorption percentage of these materials by GO was considered 74.8% after five cycles of adsorption–desorption process. On the other hand, we carried out batch experiments in order to study the adsorption mechanism of rutin on the GO since rutin was the highest quantity of bioactive substance in lemon peel. Pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm were the best models for describing adsorption process of rutin by GO. Adsorption capacity of rutin by GO was obtained about 21.08 mgg−1. In addition, the physical adsorption of rutin by GO was confirmed by Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm. This research confirmed that this method for separation of flavonoids is simple and less cost.
Dysphagia profiles after primary transoral robotic surgery or radiation for oropharyngeal cancer: A registry analysis
Authors: Barbon Carly E. A. , Yao Christopher M. K. L. , Alvarez Clare P. , Goepfert Ryan P. , Fuller Clifton D. , Lai Stephen Y. , Gross Neil D. , Hutcheson Katherine A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the physiologic swallowing impairments (MBSImP™©) associated with safety/efficiency impairments (DIGESTsafety/DIGESTefficiency grades) at 3–6 months after transoral robotic surgery (TORS) or radiation therapy (RT).Study DesignSecondary analysis of registry data.SettingSingle, academic institution.MethodsTwo hundred and fifty‐seven patients with HPV+ oropharynx cancer were stratified by primary treatment (75 TORS, 182 RT). Modified barium swallow studies were analyzed at baseline and 3–6 months using MBSImP scores and DIGESTsafety/DIGESTefficiency grades. DIGESTsafety/DIGESTefficiency grades and MBSImP were compared groupwise and associations between DIGESTsafety/DIGESTefficiency grades and MBSImP were explored by ordinal logistic regression. Exploratory analyses were stratified by multimodality treatment.ResultsNeither DIGESTsafety/DIGESTefficiency differed significantly between groups at baseline or 3–6 months. Laryngeal vestibule closure was impaired more frequently in the RT group (RT: 41% vs. TORS: 27%; p = 0.02) while the TORS group had significantly more pharyngeal contraction impairment (63%; p < 0.001) compared to RT at 3–6 months.ConclusionThe results suggest a focal injury associated with DIGESTsafety/DIGESTefficiency post‐TORS in contrast to a low‐level diffuse physiologic impairment associated with post‐RT dysphagia.