bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot study of the efficacy of an adventure therapy programme on borderline personality disorder: A pragmatic controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mendo‐Cullell Mariona , Arenas‐Pijoan Laura , Forné Carles , Fernández‐Oñate David , Ruiz de Cortázar‐Gracia Natalia , Facal Carmen , Torrent Aurora , Palacios Roberto , Pifarré Josep , Batalla Iolanda 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAdventure therapy (AT) is a therapeutic intervention that has demonstrated effectiveness in different populations, but there are no studies on this therapy in borderline personality disorder (BPD). The objective of this study was to assess the response to AT in comparison with treatment as usual (based on cognitive‐behavioural therapy) in patients with BPD. Regarding the comparison of the differences post‐therapy–pre‐therapy between both groups, some metabolic variables improved more in the AT group, with medium–large effect sizes. Almost all psychometric variables evolved better in the AT group, with negligible effects. AT could be considered in BPD treatment because it results in healthier lifestyle habits and increases functionality and quality of life in patients who are prone to self‐destruction. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human myeloma cell‐ and plasma‐derived extracellular vesicles contribute to functional regulation of stromal cells
Authors: Reale Antonia , Carmichael Irena , Xu Rong , Mithraprabhu Sridurga , Khong Tiffany , Chen Maoshan , Fang Haoyun , Savvidou Ioanna , Ramachandran Malarmathy , Bingham Nicholas , Simpson Richard J. , Greening David W. , Spencer Andrew 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCirculating small extracellular vesicles (sEV) represent promising non‐invasive biomarkers that may aid in the diagnosis and risk‐stratification of multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable blood cancer. Here, we comprehensively isolated and characterized sEV from human MM cell lines (HMCL) and patient‐derived plasma (psEV) by specific EV‐marker enrichment and morphology. Importantly, we demonstrate that HMCL‐sEV are readily internalised by stromal cells to functionally modulate proliferation. psEV were isolated using various commercial approaches and pre‐analytical conditions (collection tube types, storage conditions) assessed for sEV yield and marker enrichment. Functionally, MM‐psEV was shown to regulate stromal cell proliferation and migration. In turn, pre‐educated stromal cells favour HMCL adhesion. psEV isolated from patients with both pre‐malignant plasma cell disorders (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance [MGUS]; smouldering MM [SMM]) and MM have a similar ability to promote cell migration and adhesion, suggesting a role for both malignant and pre‐malignant sEV in disease progression. Proteomic profiling of MM‐psEV (305 proteins) revealed enrichment of oncogenic factors implicated in cell migration and adhesion, in comparison to non‐disease psEV. This study describes a protocol to generate morphologically‐intact and biologically functional sEV capable of mediating the regulation of stromal cells, and a model for the characterization of tumour‐stromal cross‐talk by sEV in MM.
Recovery in glioblastoma multiforme during inpatient rehabilitation is equivalent in first versus repeat resection: A 10‐year retrospective analysis
Authors: Chowdhury Nasim , Scott Charles , O'Dell Michael W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundInpatient rehabilitation improves function in people with brain tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) but there are limited data on the impact of multiple resections on outcomes. We hypothesize that outcomes will be more favorable for those patients with a single resection when compared to those with more than one resection.ObjectiveTo examine functional outcomes in inpatient rehabilitation for people with GBM who underwent one or more resections prior to admission.DesignRetrospective analysis.SettingInpatient rehabilitation unit within a large, urban, academic medical center.ParticipantsPatients who were admitted to our institution for the treatment of initial GBM or GBM recurrence necessitating surgical resection or repeat resection.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome Measure(s)Total FIM Change, Total Functional Independence Measure (FIM) Efficiency, Motor and Cognitive FIM efficiency, and proportion discharged home.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2016, 94 persons with GBM were admitted. Eight were readmissions classified as “repeat” and another seven transferred to the medical floor and excluded. Of the 79 patients included, 56 were first and 23 second resections, with a group mean age of 62.7 + 12.2 years and were 51% male. On analysis of covariance, change in FIM score from admission to discharge was insignificant between groups, adjusted for age and acute care length of stay (17.1 vs. 17.4, F[1, 75] = 0.027, P = .871). Likewise, the proportion of home discharge was not significant between groups (chi‐square, 75.0% vs. 78.3%, P = .758).ConclusionsPatients who have undergone second resections for GBM are reasonable candidates for admission to the inpatient rehabilitation units despite carrying a poor prognosis and having multiple exposures to surgical morbidity. Factors to take into account are that candidates considered for a second resection may be relatively younger or healthier and therefore may perform better from a functional standpoint. In addition, postoperative steroid administration may play a role in the similarities the authors noted. A larger, multicenter study should validate our findings (limited by sample size and a single location) and identify factors predicting a successful outcome.
Strain‐induced post‐curing of acrylate networks
Authors: Maassen Eveline E. L. , Anastasio Rosaria , Poto Serena , Cardinaels Ruth , Sijbesma Rint P. , van Breemen Lambèrt C. A. , Heuts Johan P. A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mechanical properties and network structure of photocurable polymers are strongly dependent on processing conditions. Here it is reported that highly crosslinked acrylate systems undergo unexpected additional post‐curing during DMTA measurements, resulting in an increase in glass‐transition temperature (Tg). A detailed study of the conditions under which this increase in Tg takes place unequivocally shows that a small (0.1%) oscillatory strain applied above Tg is responsible for additional cross‐linking reactions. The effect of strain‐induced post‐curing is confirmed by applying post‐curing treatments under oscillatory shear strain in rheological tests. Different acrylate systems were characterized and the results show that the strain induced post‐curing depends on the network structure of the polymer. In polymer networks with an initial high crosslink density the effect is pronounced while in polymers with an initial lower crosslink density no shift in Tg is observed.
Study of the anticancer effects of a helium plasma jet combined with four anticancer drugs on 3D bladder tumour spheroids
Authors: Zhang Jishen , Li Bing , Xu Shengduo , Liu Dingxin , Zhang Hao , Xu Dehui , Guo Li , Kong Michael G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCurrent studies of cold atmospheric plasma cancer therapy mainly focus on the application of plasma alone and neglect the application of plasma combined with traditional therapeutic techniques. In this paper, the anticancer effects of a plasma jet combined with four clinical anticancer drugs (cisplatin, methotrexate, adriamycin and paclitaxel) on three‐dimensional bladder tumour spheroids (T24 cells) were studied. The results show that all four drugs had little impact on the liquid‐phase oxidative pressure induced by the plasma jet, and anticancer effects from strong to weak were as follows: Plasma jet + paclitaxel, plasma jet + adriamycin, plasma jet + cisplatin, plasma jet and plasma jet + methotrexate. Our research indicates that plasma exhibits selectivity in combination with particular anticancer drugs.
Visualising an invisible symbiosis
Authors: McGaley Jennifer , Paszkowski Uta 
Published: February 2021

Societal Impact StatementDespite the vast abundance and global importance of plant and microbial species, the large majority go unnoticed and unappreciated by humans, contributing to pressing issues including the neglect of study and research of these organisms, the lack of interest and support for their protection and conservation, low microbial and botanical literacy in society, and a growing disconnect between people and nature. The invisibility of many of these organisms is a key factor in their oversight by society, but also points to a solution: sharing the wealth of visual data produced during scientific research with a broader audience. Here, we discuss how the invisible can be visualised for a public audience, and the benefits it can bring.SummaryWhether too small, slow or concealed, the majority of species on Earth go unseen by humans. One such rather unobservable group of organisms are the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, who form beneficial symbioses with plants. AM symbiosis is ubiquitous and vitally important globally in ecosystem functioning, but partly as a consequence of its invisibility, it receives disproportionally little attention and appreciation. Yet AM fungi, and other unseen organisms, need not remain overlooked: from decades of scientific research there exists a goldmine of visual data, which if shared effectively we believe can alleviate the issues of low awareness. Here, we use examples from our experience of public engagement with AM symbiosis as well as evidence from the literature to outline the diverse ways in which invisible organisms can be visualised for a broad audience. We highlight outcomes and knock‐on consequences of this visualisation, ranging from improved human mental health to environmental protection, making the case for researchers to share their images more widely for the benefit of plants (and fungi and other overlooked organisms), people and planet.
Artificial intelligence as ally in hazard analysis
Authors: Garvin Thomas , Kimbleton Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHazard analysis techniques have been around for many years, and have proven effective in the prevention of incidents and no doubt the saving of lives. Process hazard analysis (PHA) is now fairly robust and regulated, focused on overarching risks associated with the safe handling of hazardous materials and approaches to engineer‐out such risks. Occupational hazard analysis (OHA) is keenly focused on human activity, and personal protection in hazardous working conditions. Both approaches are critical ‐ but are often carried out separately, by different parts of an organization, which could result in an incomplete picture of the full set of operational risks in the field. Developing a holistic picture of both past and present dangers calls for a deep exploration of evidence. HAZOPs, PHA's, incident records and investigations provide expert analysis of hazards and mitigating strategies. Near‐miss reports and safety observations add a large amount of information as well; the reporting frequency of these “leading indicators” can be both a blessing and a curse, as time and available resources constrain the ability to analyze and detect hazard signals within. As important as analyzing the historical record is for lessons learned, the more recent observations could indicate new hazards or highlight concerning trends. These could feed valuable “real time” information back to operations and maintenance teams to improve risk assessments and task planning. Enter artificial intelligence (AI) as a means to analyze the large amount of written hazard analyses, reports and observations to quickly extract insights around hazardous conditions, activities, incident causes and risk mitigation measures. Trained to understand concepts and contexts in both process and personal safety, AI can provide a natural‐language information exploration environment for scanning thousands of documents in seconds and present common themes and related records. Not unlike us humans, AI learns from the past, informs the present and can help reduce risks in the future.
The effects of resveratrol supplementation on PPARα, p16, p53, p21 gene expressions, and sCD163/sTWEAK ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double‐blind controlled randomized trial
Authors: Toupchian Omid , Abdollahi Shima , Salehi‐Abargouei Amin , Heshmati Javad , Clark Cain C. T. , Sheikhha Mohammad Hasan , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Mozaffari‐Khosravi Hassan 
Published: February 2021

The present study sought to evaluate the effect of resveratrol supplementation on mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα), p53, p21, p16, and serum levels of cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163) to TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this double‐blind randomized controlled trial, 71 patients were randomly assigned to receive either 1,000 mg of trans‐resveratrol or placebo (methyl cellulose) for 8 weeks. Expression levels of genes of interest, and serum levels of sCD163 and sTWEAK were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Resveratrol supplementation significantly increased mRNA expression levels of p53 and p21 genes, compared with the placebo group (fold change of p53 = 1.29, p = .04; fold change of p21 = 1.46, p = .006). However, no significant effect on expression levels of PPARα and p16 genes was observed after supplementation. In addition, resveratrol significantly reduced serum levels of sCD163/sTWEAK ratio compared with the placebo group (p = .003). Resveratrol supplementation resulted in significant changes in p53 and p21 genes expression, while serum levels of sCD163/sTWEAK ratio also improved in the resveratrol group, without any significant change in adjusted sCD163 levels. More research is needed to confirm the beneficial effects of resveratrol for patients with diabetes.
Theoretical mechanistic study of nickel‐catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov hydroarylation of alkenes
Authors: Li Jing , Guan Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed hydroarylation of alkenes can provide various Markovnikov products, but so‐called anti‐Markovnikov additions to alkenes are rarely reported. Here, a divalent nickel hydride complex catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov reductive cross‐coupling of styrene and aryl iodide has been investigated using density functional theory. The reaction occurs via the regio‐determining hydronickelation, the oxidative addition of the CI bond to Ni(II) center, and the rate‐determining reductive elimination of hydroarylation product. The electronic processes were investigated with a fragment molecular orbital analysis to understand the origin of anti‐Markovnikov selectivity and successive oxidative addition and reductive elimination steps.
Effect of transdermal estrogen dose regimen for endometrial preparation of frozen‐thawed embryo transfer on reproductive and obstetric outcomes
Authors: Ogawa Tatsuyuki , Kasai Tsuyoshi , Ogi Maki , Fukushima Jiro , Hirata Shuji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposePrevious studies have reported different methods of estrogen administration during endometrial preparation for frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET). This study aimed to investigate a beneficial regimen of transdermal estrogen administration for FET.MethodsWe investigated the reproductive and obstetric outcomes of FET by comparing the increasing dose (ID) group that mimics changes in serum estradiol during the menstrual cycle and the constant dose (CD) group. Transdermal patches were used for estrogen administration in both groups. In our hospital, we targeted 315 cycles of the ID group in which FET was performed in 2017 and 324 cycles of the CD group in which FET was performed in 2018. In all cases, single embryo transfer was performed.ResultsAll were singleton pregnancies. There was no difference in clinical pregnancy rate (28.9% vs 28.2%, P =.837) and live birth rate (17.3% vs 21.4%, P =.201) between the ID and CD groups. Spontaneous abortion rate was significantly lower in the CD group than in the ID group (37.2% vs 23.0%, P =.041). There was no difference in obstetrical outcomes.ConclusionsIt was considered that the simple CD regimen may be more beneficial than the complicated ID regimen.
The role of pituitary gonadotropins and intraovarian regulators in follicle development: A mini‐review
Authors: Orisaka Makoto , Miyazaki Yumiko , Shirafuji Aya , Tamamura Chiyo , Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Tsang Benjamin K. , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe process of follicle development is tightly regulated by pituitary gonadotropins (follicle‐stimulating hormone [FSH] and luteinizing hormone [LH]) and intraovarian regulators (eg, steroids, growth factors, and cytokines).MethodsThis review outlines recent findings on the mechanisms of human follicle development, based on the research on animal models such as mice, rats, cows, and sheep.Main findingsPhosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and anti‐Müllerian hormone are involved in primordial follicle activation during the gonadotropin‐independent phase. The intraovarian regulators, such as androgen, insulin‐like growth factor system, activin, oocyte‐derived factors (growth differentiation factor‐9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15), and gap junction membrane channel protein (connexin), play a central role in the acquisition of FSH dependence in preantral follicles during the gonadotropin‐responsive phase. Antral follicle development can be divided into FSH‐dependent growth and LH‐dependent maturation. The indispensable tetralogy for follicle selection and final maturation of antral follicles involves (a) acquisition of LH dependence, (b) greater capacity for E2 production, (c) activation of the IGF system, and (d) an antiapoptotic follicular microenvironment.ConclusionWe reproductive endocrinologists should accumulate further knowledge from animal model studies to develop methods that promote early folliculogenesis and connect to subsequent gonadotropin therapy in infertile women.
Finite horizon robust synthesis using integral quadratic constraints
Authors: Buch Jyot , Seiler Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe present a robust synthesis algorithm for uncertain linear time‐varying (LTV) systems on finite horizons. The uncertain system is described as an interconnection of a known LTV system and a perturbation. The input–output behavior of the perturbation is specified by time‐domain Integral Quadratic Constraints (IQCs). The objective is to synthesize a controller to minimize the worst‐case performance. This leads to a nonconvex optimization. The proposed approach alternates between an LTV synthesis step and an IQC analysis step. Both inducedand terminal Euclidean norm penalties on output are considered for finite horizon performance. The proposed algorithm ensures that the robust performance is nonincreasing at each iteration step. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated using numerical examples.
Remote sensing liana infestation in an aseasonal tropical forest: addressing mismatch in spatial units of analyses
Authors: Chandler Chris J. , van der Heijden Geertje M. F. , Boyd Doreen S. , Cutler Mark E. J. , Costa Hugo , Nilus Reuben , Foody Giles M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe ability to accurately assess liana (woody vine) infestation at the landscape level is essential to quantify their impact on carbon dynamics and help inform targeted forest management and conservation action. Remote sensing techniques provide potential solutions for assessing liana infestation at broader spatial scales. However, their use so far has been limited to seasonal forests, where there is a high spectral contrast between lianas and trees. Additionally, the ability to align the spatial units of remotely sensed data with canopy observations of liana infestation requires further attention. We combined airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR data with a neural network machine learning classification to assess the distribution of liana infestation at the landscape‐level across an aseasonal primary forest in Sabah, Malaysia. We tested whether an object‐based classification was more effective at predicting liana infestation when compared to a pixel‐based classification. We found a stronger relationship between predicted and observed liana infestation when using a pixel‐based approach (RMSD = 27.0% ± 0.80) in comparison to an object‐based approach (RMSD = 32.6% ± 4.84). However, there was no significant difference in accuracy for object‐ versus pixel‐based classifications when liana infestation was grouped into three classes; Low [0–30%], Medium [31–69%] and High [70–100%] (McNemar’s χ2 = 0.211, P = 0.65). We demonstrate, for the first time, that remote sensing approaches are effective in accurately assessing liana infestation at a landscape scale in an aseasonal tropical forest. Our results indicate potential limitations in object‐based approaches which require refinement in order to accurately segment imagery across contiguous closed‐canopy forests. We conclude that the decision on whether to use a pixel‐ or object‐based approach may depend on the structure of the forest and the ultimate application of the resulting output. Both approaches will provide a valuable tool to inform effective conservation and forest management.
Development of an optimized and scalable method for isolation of umbilical cord blood-derived small extracellular vesicles for future clinical use
Authors: Cardoso Renato M. S. , Rodrigues Silvia C. , Gomes Claudia F. , Duarte Filipe V. , Romao Maryse , Leal Ermelindo C. , Freire Patricia C. , Neves Ricardo , Simões-Correia Joana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are a promising therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine. These particles were shown to accelerate wound healing, through delivery of regenerative mediators, such as microRNAs. Herein we describe an optimized and upscalable process for the isolation of EV smaller than 200 nm (sEV), secreted by umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB-MNC) under ischemic conditions and propose quality control thresholds for the isolated vesicles, based on the thorough characterization of their protein, lipid and RNA content. Ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography (UF/SEC) optimized methodology proved superior to traditional ultracentrifugation (UC), regarding production time, standardization, scalability, and vesicle yield. Using UF/SEC, we were able to recover approximately 400 times more sEV per mL of media than with UC, and upscaling this process further increases EV yield by about 3-fold. UF/SEC-isolated sEV display many of the sEV/exosomes classical markers and are enriched in molecules with anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacity, such as hemopexin and miR-150. Accordingly, treatment with sEV promotes angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling, in vitro. In vivo, UCB-MNC-sEV significantly accelerate skin regeneration in a mouse model of delayed wound healing. The proposed isolation protocol constitutes a significant improvement compared to UC, the gold-standard in the field. Isolated sEV maintain their regenerative properties, whereas downstream contaminants are minimized. The use of UF/SEC allows for the standardization and upscalability required for mass production of sEV to be used in a clinical setting.