bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polen unter anderen. Literarische Außen- und Innenansichten der polnischen Arbeits- migration in Großbritannien seit 2004
Authors: Uffelmann Dirk 
Published: February 2021

SummaryPerspectives on the lives of migrants in their host countries tend to be bicultural, which is at odds with the multiethnic reality of British industrial cities, especially with London’s low-paid sector. This paper proposes migrant literature as an antidote to bicultural restrictions. It endeavors to provide a comparative reading of writings by Polish migrant authors about interactions with other migrants in Britain and other migrant writers’ perceptions of Poles. The corpus consists of post-accession texts and includes, among others, books by A. M. Bakalar, Gosia Brzezińska, Grzegorz Kopaczewski, Daniel Koziarski, Adam Miklasz, Jarek Sępek, and Daniel Zuchowski on the one hand, and Marina Lewycka and Aleksandrs Ruģēns (alias Vilis Lācītis alias William B. Foreignerski), on the other. Given that the authors in question draw on diverse—Polish, British, Ukrainian, Latvian, and other East European—traditions of cultural and/or economic Othering, this paper scrutinizes both the mutual Orientalizing tendencies and the transnationalizing trajectories involved.
Hydrothermal route for the synthesis of manganese ferrite nanoparticles and photocatalytic activity evaluation for the degradation of methylene blue dye
Authors: Ata Sadia , Shaheen Ifra , Majid Farzana , Bibi Ismat , Ijaz-ul-Mohsin  , Jilani Kashif , Slimani Yassine , Iqbal Munawar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) was prepared via hydrothermal route and characterized by advanced techniques. The photocatalytic activity (PCA) was evaluated by degrading methylene blue (MB) dye under UV irradiation. The effect of process variables such as catalyst dose, UV exposure time and pH was studied for maximum degradation of dye at optimum conditions. The MnFe2O4 showed face centered cubic structure and average particle size of 23.98 nm. The lattice constant, lattice strain, ionic radii (rA & rB), bonding angles and hoping lengths of MnFe2O4 were recorded to be 0.8467 nm, 0.08, 1.66, 0.766, 1.833 and 2.116 Å, respectively. The MnFe2O4 showed promising PCA and at optimum conditions of process variable, up to 99% MB dye degradation was achieved. The PCA was found dependent to catalyst dose, UV exposure time and pH. Results revealed that the hydrothermal rout is feasible route for the preparation of MnFe2O4 ferrite in nano size and the PCA revealed the potential application of MnFe2O4 ferrite to degrade dye in textile wastewater.
Robustness to Noise in the Auditory System: A Distributed and Predictable Property
Authors: Souffi S. , Lorenzi C. , Huetz C. , Edeline J.-M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground noise strongly penalizes auditory perception of speech in humans or vocalizations in animals. Despite this, auditory neurons are still able to detect communications sounds against considerable levels of background noise. We collected neuronal recordings in cochlear nucleus (CN), inferior colliculus (IC), auditory thalamus, and primary and secondary auditory cortex in response to vocalizations presented either against a stationary or a chorus noise in anesthetized guinea pigs at three signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs; −10, 0, and 10 dB). We provide evidence that, at each level of the auditory system, five behaviors in noise exist within a continuum, from neurons with high-fidelity representations of the signal, mostly found in IC and thalamus, to neurons with high-fidelity representations of the noise, mostly found in CN for the stationary noise and in similar proportions in each structure for the chorus noise. The two cortical areas displayed fewer robust responses than the IC and thalamus. Furthermore, between 21% and 72% of the neurons (depending on the structure) switch categories from one background noise to another, even if the initial assignment of these neurons to a category was confirmed by a severe bootstrap procedure. Importantly, supervised learning pointed out that assigning a recording to one of the five categories can be predicted up to a maximum of 70% based on both the response to signal alone and noise alone.
Interlimb Transfer of Reach Adaptation Does Not Require an Intact Corpus Callosum: Evidence from Patients with Callosal Lesions and Agenesis
Authors: Tilsley Penelope A. , Romaiguère Patricia , Tramoni Eve , Felician Olivier , Sarlegna Fabrice R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGeneralization of sensorimotor adaptation across limbs, known as interlimb transfer, is a well-demonstrated phenomenon in humans, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Theoretical models suggest that interlimb transfer is mediated by interhemispheric transfer of information via the corpus callosum. We thus hypothesized that lesions of the corpus callosum, especially to its midbody connecting motor, supplementary motor, and premotor areas of the two cerebral hemispheres, would impair interlimb transfer of sensorimotor adaptation. To test this hypothesis, we recruited three patients: two rare stroke patients with recent, extensive callosal lesions including the midbody and one patient with complete agenesis. A prismatic adaptation paradigm involving unconstrained arm reaching movements was designed to assess interlimb transfer from the prism-exposed dominant arm (DA) to the unexposed non-dominant arm (NDA) for each participant. Baseline results showed that spatial performance of each patient did not significantly differ from controls, for both limbs. Further, each patient adapted to the prismatic perturbation, with no significant difference in error reduction compared with controls. Crucially, interlimb transfer was found in each patient. The absolute magnitude of each patient’s transfer did not significantly differ from controls. These findings show that sensorimotor adaptation can transfer across limbs despite extensive lesions or complete absence of the corpus callosum. Therefore, callosal pathways connecting homologous motor, premotor, and supplementary motor areas are not necessary for interlimb transfer of prismatic reach adaptation. Such interlimb transfer could be mediated by transcallosal splenium pathways (connecting parietal, temporal and visual areas), ipsilateral cortico-spinal pathways or subcortical structures such as the cerebellum.
Best practices to ensure robust investigation of circular RNAs: pitfalls and tips
Authors: Dodbele Samantha , Mutlu Nebibe , Wilusz Jeremy E 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPre‐mRNAs from thousands of eukaryotic genes can be non‐canonically spliced to generate circular RNAs (circRNAs) that have covalently linked ends. Most mature circular RNAs are expressed at low levels, but some have known physiological functions and/or accumulate to higher levels than their associated linear mRNAs. These observations have sparked great interest into this class of previously underappreciated RNAs and prompted the development of new experimental approaches to study them, especially methods to measure or modulate circular RNA expression levels. Nonetheless, each of these approaches has caveats and potential pitfalls that must be controlled for when designing experiments and interpreting results. Here, we provide practical advice, tips, and suggested guidelines for performing robust identification, validation, and functional characterization of circular RNAs. Beyond promoting rigor and reproducibility, these suggestions should help bring clarity to the field, especially how circular RNAs function and whether these transcripts may sponge microRNAs/proteins or serve as templates for translation.
Exercise and Physical Activity Counseling Needs among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients
Authors: Herliani Yusshy Kurnia , Rahayu Urip , Harun Hasniatisari 
Published: February 2021

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has decreased in recurrent cardiac events. However, information related the needs of cardiac rehabilitation patients such as exercise and physical activities counseling are very limited. This study aims to identify the needs of cardiac rehabilitation patients such as exercise, physical activity counselling, and the relationship between them. It also applied a quantitative approach combined with a descriptive correlational method. 38 cardiac rehabilitation patients were recruited as samples and were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Data collection was performed using questionnaires filled out by the respondents (with a retrospective technique) at the end of the CR program, and the results were evaluated through descriptive correlational statistics. The results revealed that patients with CR required exercise (92.1%) and nurses' counseling for physical activities (86.9%). It also indicates that there is a statistically positive relationship between exercise and physical activities counseling among CR patients (r = 0.485, p < 0.01). Consequently, most CR patients desire nurses to take part in their exercise and physical activities. The needs of CR patients on exercise and physical activity counseling were correlated positively. Therefore, information regarding exercise and physical activity for CR patients should be provided simultaneously to complement each other.
Early Childhood Health-Protective Behavior Against Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Households
Authors: Hermawati Bertakalswa , Indarjo Sofwan , Mukti Farah Azizah , Ramadhanty Hauna Anja , Rahayu Fitriana Dwi 
Published: February 2021

Children who live in agricultural, coastal, and industrial areas are at risk of experiencing diseases due to their exposure to environmental tobacco smoke because a lot of smokers live in these areas. The objective of this study is to determine the differences in health-protective behavior of parents who have children in the geographical residence.
The study used a quantitative approach, cross-sectional design, and purposive sampling. There are 175 parents with children under five years who live in coastal, agricultural, and industrial areas in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire. The dependent variable was the health-protective behavior of parents with children against exposure to cigarette smoke, while the independent variable was the geographical residence. The one-way ANOVA test was used to measure differences in the health-protective behavior of parents living in these areas. The results showed that there was no difference in the parental health-protective behavior in an agricultural, coastal, and industrial region (p=0.091, p>0.05). In conclusion, the respondents exhibit health-protective behavior that dies not fully control exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
Deconvolution of TEOS/TEVS Xerogel by Single or Dual Organic Catalyst Addition
Authors: Sumardi Anna , Elma Muthia , Lestari Aptar Eka , Assyaifi Zaini Lambri , Darmawan Adi , Syauqiah Isna , Rampun Erdina Lulu Atika , Mawaddah Yanti , Wati Linda Suci 
Published: February 2021

Currently, xerogel has been applied as a filtration material, especially in membrane desalination. However, the xerogel matrix structure for desalination have to be designed properly in order to allow rejection of salt and obtain good hydro-stability, thus, silica precursor in the form of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate)/TEVS (triethoxy vinyl silane) and organic acid catalyst are suitable material for fabrication. The aim of this study is therefore to fabricate and perform deconvolution of TEOS/TEVS xerogel by adding single or dual catalyst, using FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and Fityk software. The xerogel was fabricated by dried silica sol and calcined using RTP technique (rapid thermal processing) at 450 °C. Prior to this fabrication, the silica sol was synthesized by sol gel method, using a mixture of silica precursor TEOS/TEVS, ethanol solvent, and varied addition of single catalyst (citric acid) as well as dual catalyst (citric acid + ammonia) for 2 hours, at 50 °C. Subsequently, the xerogel was characterized by FTIR and the deconvolution was obtained through Gaussian approach, with Fityk software. All TEOS/TEVS xerogel samples indicated existence of silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si) and silica-carbon (Si-C) functional groups. The xerogel deconvolution of TEOS/TEVS using single catalyst exhibit a peak area ratio of Si-OH/Si-O-Si, and this is similar to the dual catalyst counterpart of 0.24 (unit area) and 1.86 (unit area), for Si-C area ratio. This shows the addition of single catalyst was enough to produce deconvolution in TEOS/TEVS xerogel, dominated by siloxane functional group and carbon bonds with the ability to enhance membrane material hydro-stability’s fabrication.
Effect of visceral manipulation on forward head posture in subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain – a pilot study
Authors: Yangdol Sonam , Gandhi Balaji 
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: Forward head posture is considered to be the most common musculoskeletal postural imbalance causing protrusion of head anterior to trunk. Internal organs are inter-connected and attached posteriorly to the spine through the support membranes. Tension in these support membranes may further cause mechanical restrictions, thereby affecting the mobility of the visceral organ and associated musculoskeletal structure in a two-way mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of organ-specific visceral manipulation on posture, disability, strength, and pain in subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain. According to this study hypothesis visceral manipulation aim to explore the effect of organ-specific fascia manipulation on posture, disability, strength, and pain in subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Five subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain with forwarding head posture were recruited using a convenience sampling method. This study was conducted in a Physiotherapy department of a recognized multi-specialty hospital, Mohali. Subjects were referred after diagnosis from chronic neck pain from the departments. A single session of placebo visceral manipulation was administered in the first week, followed by a single session of visceral manipulation of the pleural dome and pericardial ligaments in the second week. Posture screen mobile application (posture), Pressure biofeedback unit (muscular activation), Neck Disability Index, and Visual Analog Scales were used to measure the pre and post outcomes. RESULT: Between-group comparison of the outcome showed a statistically significant difference in the VAS (p=0.001), Posture screening application (p=0.02), and NDI (p=0.07). No significant changes were observed in the strength outcome. CONCLUSION: Single session of visceral manipulation for the pleural dome and pericardial ligaments may benefit in improving the forward head posture, neck disability and reducing the pain.
‘What Kind of Education System are We Offering’: The Views of Education Professionals on School Refusal
Authors: Devenney Roisin , O'Toole Catriona 
Published: February 2021

In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the issue of school refusal, particularly given the adverse effects on young people’s social, emotional and educational development. School refusal is understood differently within contemporary literature; as a symptom of an underlying mental illness or disorder, or alternatively, as a signal that all is not well in the young person’s world. These varying construal’s have important implications for education responses to school refusal. This study explores education professionals' views and experiences of school refusal within second level schools in Ireland. The findings from seventeen in-depth interviews highlight the complex nature of school refusal and unique challenges it presents for professionals, young people and parents. Key themes include emotional and psychological distress experienced by young people and their exposure to adverse childhood experiences and trauma; the influence of family socio economic status and unequal access to support services and resources; the pressures for academic achievement and resulting conflictual relationships within the school environment and between home and school. This study highlights the need for trauma-informed approaches in schools and urges future research to consider school refusal within wider debates on social justice and the goals and purposes of education.
Legal Protection of Competition in the Emerging Digital Markets
Authors: Egorova M. A. , Kozhevina O. V. , Kinev A. Yu. 
Published: February 2021

At a new stage in the development of digitalization, the main challenge is the expotential growth of quantity, quality, diversity of links between citizens, organizations, development institutions and legal regulation, public authorities. Interrelations are dynamic and unstable due to a number of factors because of insufficient synchronization between all elements of socio-economic systems and institutions.The paper examines topical issues of competition law in terms of legal regulation of digital markets. The authors provide for the legal interpretation of the digital market. Key aspects of legal regulation of digital markets are defined. The authors propose instruments of legal regulation of emerging digital markets for the Russian Federation. Their proposals are based on generalization of European experience and practice of the OECD countries.The authors substantiate that widespread digitalization threatens to monopolize economic relations. And this is monopolization of a new, not classical character. Therefore, it is important to identify properly the forms and methods of legal protection of competition in specific digital markets.Based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that the development of the digital economy and the formation of new market relations establish prerequisites for the improvement of antimonopoly regulation, legal rules unification for the protection of competition in global digital markets. Digital markets differ from traditional ones. Therefore, they need special legal regulation. The practice of antimonopoly regulation in the OECD countries should be considered in the context of their consistency with Russian legislative conditions.
Mifepristone safety and efficacy in preinduction of labor: an observational study
Authors: Tejaswi Thota Sai , Bidri Shailaja R. 
Published: February 2021

Background: When the continuation of pregnancy adversely affecting the mother and fetus, termination of pregnancy is planned. Mifepristone as a method of pre-inducing agent in late pregnancy by increasing sensitivity of the uterus to the actions of prostaglandins and increasing uterine contractility. Objective of this study is to know the efficacy of mifepristone as a preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labor.Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 130 pregnant women are included and divided into two groups i.e. study group(n=65), has received tab mifepristone 200 mg and control group (n=65) has not received any drug. After the end of 24 hours, Bishops score in both the groups are assessed and those not in labor or with unfavourable cervix are administered with intracervical dinoprostone gel every 6 hourlies for maximum of 3 doses or until pregnant woman entered into active labor. Statistical analysis regarding improvement in Bishops score, induction active phase interval, induction delivery interval is observed.Results: After 24 hours, observation in the mean Bishops score has showed significant improvement in the study group (72.33%), when compared to control group (54.58%). % woman has gone into spontaneous labor in study group (61.5%), and in control group (75.4%). Induction to active phase time duration is less in study group with mean (10.53), and in control group (17.4). Induction to delivery time duration is also less in study group with mean (15.100) when compared to control group (22.100). 67.7% of patients has delivered by vaginally in study group, and in control group 41%.Conclusions: Tab. mifepristone 200 mg has a pre inducing agent for cervical ripening, shown better improvement in Bishops score within 24-48 hours and decreases time duration from induction to active phase and induction to delivery.
Impact of chronic kidney disease on fetomaternal outcome: a case report
Authors: Khairnar Neha , Bora Ananya , Bava Amarjeet Kaur 
Published: February 2021

Chronic kidney disease is a heterogenous group of disorders resulting from anatomical and physiological alterations in the kidney. Pregnancy might accelerate the renal disease-causing progression of renal failure, development of preeclampsia, anemia. This increases the risk of adverse fetomaternal outcomes including prematurity, fetal growth restriction, fetal deaths and development of hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, renal failure in the mother. Chronic kidney disease affects approximately 3% of pregnant women. This study was carried out to assess the course of chronic kidney disease in pregnancy and the effect it has on the fetal outcome. A case of chronic kidney disease presenting to the OBGY emergency unit was studied. a detail history was taken and examination was done. Baseline antenatal investigations were carried out. Special tests including renal Doppler, ophthalmoscopic examination, ECG, were done to assess the renal function. Treatment was started for control of hypertension and further progression of the disease. Pregnancy has adverse outcome when associated with acute kidney injury. Maternal hypertension and proteinuria are the major predisposing factors. Prematurity is one of the commonest fetal complications apart from growth restriction. Chronic kidney disease in pregnancy requires a multidisciplinary approach involving experienced obstetricians, nephrologists, radiologists, intensivists and neonatologists. The etiology, degree of renal dysfunction, development of additional obstetric complications determines the prognosis. Supportive therapy in the early course of the disease and timely definitive management as per the etiology is found to improve the feto-maternal outcome.
Isolated fallopian tube torsion
Authors: N. S. Bandamma , Prabhudev Prema , . Pooja 
Published: February 2021

Fallopian tube torsion is a rare cause of acute abdomen, occurring commonly in females of reproductive age. It lacks pathognomonic symptoms, signs, or imaging features, thus causing delay in surgical intervention. Current study report one case of isolated fallopian tube torsion in adolescent girl. In this case a 13 year old patient presented with acute pain in the right iliac region associated with 3 episodes of vomiting for one day and severe tenderness on examination. Laparoscopy revealed right sided twisted fallopian tube associated with gangrenous fimbrial end. The tube was untwisted and salpingectomy done. Salpingectomy was done as the tube was gangrenous. Fallopian tube torsion, though rare, should be considered in women of reproductive age with unilateral pelvic pain. Early diagnostic laparoscopy is important for an accurate diagnosis and could prevent the rupture of the gangrenous tube.