bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-MDA5 juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with second-degree heart block but no skin or lung involvement: a case report
Authors: Ryan Meghan E. , Cortez Daniel , Dietz Kelly R. , Karachunski Peter , Binstadt Bryce A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and autoantibodies directed against melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) characteristically have interstitial lung disease, severe cutaneous involvement, arthritis, and relatively mild myositis. Cardiac involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy can occur and has been associated with anti-signal recognition particle and anti-polymyositis-scleroderma autoantibodies, but not with anti-MDA5 autoantibodies.

Case presentation
A 14-year-old male presented with weakness, second-degree heart block, arthritis, and hematologic cytopenias. Imaging and biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, and he had high titer anti-MDA5 autoantibodies. There were no cutaneous or pulmonary abnormalities. While on prednisone and methotrexate, the patient’s heart block improved from second- to first-degree and the cytopenias resolved. Persistent myositis prompted the addition of intravenous immunoglobulin. Seven months into the disease course, the arthritis and myositis are in remission and the patient is no longer taking corticosteroids.

Conclusions
We report a novel case of a patient with juvenile idiopathic myositis who lacked the typical cutaneous and pulmonary findings associated with anti-MDA5 positivity, but who had cardiac conduction defects. This report broadens the clinical spectrum of anti-MDA5-associated inflammatory myopathy.
Deriving invariant checkers for critical infrastructure using axiomatic design principles
Authors: Yoong Cheah Huei , Palleti Venkata Reddy , Maiti Rajib Ranjan , Silva Arlindo , Poskitt Christopher M 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCyber-physical systems (CPSs) in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack, motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations ofinvariants, i.e. logical properties over sensor and actuator states that should always be true. Many approaches for identifying invariants attempt to do so automatically, typically using data logs, but these can miss valid system properties if relevant behaviours are not well-represented in the data. Furthermore, as the CPS is already built, resolving any design flaws or weak points identified through this process is costly. In this paper, we propose a systematic method for deriving invariants from an analysis of a CPSdesign, based on principles of the axiomatic design methodology from design science. Our method iteratively decomposes a high-level CPS design to identify sets of dependentdesign parameters(i.e. sensors and actuators), allowing for invariants and invariant checkers to be derived in parallel to the implementation of the system. We apply our method to the designs of two CPS testbeds, SWaT and WADI, deriving a suite of invariant checkers that are able to detect a variety of single- and multi-stage attacks without any false positives. Finally, we reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of our approach, how it can be complemented by other defence mechanisms, and how it could help engineers to identify and resolve weak points in a design before the controllers of a CPS are implemented.
Survey on the indexes of health equity in the physical environment and infrastructures of Kermanshah province, Iran
Authors: Reshadat Sohyla , Saeidi Shahram , Zangeneh Alireza , Almasi Ali , Rahimi Naderi Samira , Teimouri Ramin , Teimouri Raziyeh , Gholami Kiaee Kobra , Khezeli Mehdi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundHealth equity is directly associated with the proper distribution of resources, the existence of infrastructures, and the balanced physical environment. The present study aimed to survey the indexes of health equity in the physical environment and infrastructures of Kermanshah province based on the national indexes.ResultsThe results revealed that access to transportation, health centers, solid waste management, and green and sports per capita had the least distance from the negative ideal whereas the noise pollution index had the greatest distance. However, house hygiene and air pollution indexes were within the negative and positive ideal ranges.ConclusionsThe health equity indexes were not distributed equitably across counties and geographical regions of Kermanshah province.
Examining the connection among national tourism expenditure and economic growth in Algeria
Authors: Sari Hassoun Salah Eddine , Adda Khayereddine Salim , Sebbane Asma Hadjira 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTourism is one of the most important sectors for several researchers and decision makers, due to its influence on the world economic growth in the twenty-first century, making it as a source of competition between countries to a global industry for its effective strategic role in the development of countries. In this paper, we used two variables natural logarithm of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and natural logarithm of per capita international and national tourism expenditure (ITE) to study the relationship between the tourism sector and economic growth in Algeria over the period of 1995–2017. We established with the unit root test with and without breakpoint that the variables are stationary in the first difference and there is a structural break in (ITE) and (GDP). Thus, with the presence of a breakpoint, we employed the methodology of Gregory–Hansen to avoid such issue, but we found that there was no evidence of cointegration with breakpoint, so then we used the vector autoregressive model (VAR). The model showed that the tourism sector has a positive and insignificant coefficient on the economic growth, while the economic growth factor has a positive and significant on the tourism sector. In the short run, there was a one-way causality from GDP to ITE at the level of 1%, confirming the economic-driven tourism growth hypothesis. Also, we found with Breitung and Candelon causality that there was same causality at the level of 10%.
Chronic Dizziness
Authors: Cha Yoon-Hee 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Determining the etiology of disorders that manifest with chronic dizziness can seem a daunting task, but extracting some basic elements of the patient’s history can reduce the differential diagnosis significantly. This includes determining initial triggers, timing of symptoms, associated features, and exacerbating factors. This article covers distinct causes of chronic dizziness including persistent postural perceptual dizziness, mal de débarquement syndrome, motion sickness and visually induced motion sickness, bilateral vestibulopathy, and persistent dizziness after mild concussion.

RECENT FINDINGS
To date, none of the disorders above has a cure but are considered chronic syndromes with fluctuations that are both innate and driven by environmental stressors. As such, the mainstay of therapy for chronic disorders of dizziness involves managing factors that exacerbate symptoms and adding vestibular rehabilitation or cognitive-behavioral therapy alone or in combination, as appropriate. These therapies are supplemented by serotonergic antidepressants that modulate sensory gating and reduce anxiety. Besides expectation management, ruling out concurrent disorders and recognizing behavioral and lifestyle factors that affect symptom severity are critical issues in reducing morbidity for each disorder.

SUMMARY
Many syndromes of chronic dizziness can be diagnosed by recognition of key features, although many symptoms overlap between these groups. Symptoms may be manageable and improve with time, but they are often incompletely relieved.
Athletic Play Surfaces and Injury Risk
Authors: Yurgil Jacqueline L. , Meredith T. Jason , Martin Peter Mitchell 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Advancements in technology and the economic desires to maximize use of athletic playing surfaces have led to the development of various playing surfaces across the spectrum of sports. Each of these surfaces possesses specific safety profiles which are sport and population specific. Despite the growing medical literature on outdoor playing surfaces, inconsistent data exist on both orthopedic injuries and general medical concerns, such as surface component exposure toxicity and infection risk. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of data regarding various indoor playing surfaces and their effects on injury risk; this is an area ripe for further medical investigation. Understanding the differences in various play surfaces and their associated injury and health concerns is crucial for all medical staff providing care to athletes across the spectrum of skill and competition.
Life cycle assessment of seabass and meagre in marine cage farming: From feeding plant to harvesting
Authors: KONSTANTINIDIS EVANGELOS , PERDIKARIS COSTAS , GANIAS KONSTANTINOS 
Published: April 2021

Aquaculture is related to environmental impacts locally and globally. The purpose of this study was to identify environmental hotspots in fish feeds of various granulations in seabass and meagre farming, by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), given that recent studies suggested fish feed as the predominant factor affecting environmental impacts in marine fish farming. This, in turn enabled a detailed comparison of the environmental performance throughout the rearing cycle, in both species. LCA was applied on the production process of fish feeds taking into account the amount of raw materials, heat and energy needed for the production of feed. Similarly, LCA was applied in cage farms in Greece, involving the amount of feeds per size class, energy and fuel needed for the production of one tonne of seabass and meagre, respectively. The smaller size feed (SSF) class distributed to the fry, performed better compared to medium (MSF) and large size feed (LSF) classes provided to juveniles/adults, in relation to various environmental impact indicators. In medium and large size feeds, the main negative contributor was the use of sunflower meal, while small size feed affected these indicators through higher electricity demands and the inclusion of higher fishmeal level. The comparison between seabass and meagre revealed that meagre had significantly lower impact in all eighteen environmental impact indicators. This should be attributed to the reduced feed conversion ratio and the lower fry requirements compared to seabass. Improvements in cultivation methods of raw materials, optimized reductions in the inclusion of marine origin raw materials and improved feeding management could contribute to the overall ecological sustainability of the sector.
Paramedics working in general practice: a scoping review
Authors: Xi David , McCombe Geoff , Agarwal Gina , Booker Matthew , Cullen Walter , Bury Gerard , Barry Tomás 
Published: April 2021

Background: The term ‘paramedic’ has traditionally related to a healthcare professional trained to provide pre-hospital emergency care; however, paramedics are increasingly taking on novel additional non-emergency roles. General practice is facing unprecedented demand for its services related to rising expectations, an aging society and increased prevalence of chronic disease. Paramedics may be recruited to work in general practice to meet some of these demands. We undertook a scoping review to map the current literature considering paramedics working in general practice and inform follow-on research. Methods: We employed the six-stage scoping review framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. Our research question was ‘to identify the scope of practice, nature of training/qualifications, challenges faced, and impacts of paramedics working in general practice’. Results: After searching PUBMED (Medline, n = 487), EMBASE (n = 536) and the Cochrane Library (n = 0) in June 2020, we identified eleven full-text articles that met our inclusion criteria. The literature suggests that paramedics have diverse skills that enable roles within general practice, some of which are context specific. Additional training is considered necessary to facilitate the transition from emergency care to general practice. We found no research that quantitatively assessed the impact of paramedics working in general practice on healthcare expenditure or patient health outcomes. Conclusions: There is a paucity of empiric scientific literature considering paramedic working in general practice. Further research is needed to inform training pathways, the structure of clinical practice and to measure outcomes.
A living mapping review for COVID-19 funded research projects: six-month update
Authors: Norton Alice , Bucher Adrian , Antonio Emilia , Advani Nicole , Grund Henrike , Mburu Sheila , Clegg Emma , Gollish Marguerite , Jabin Nusrat , Scott Laura , Boily-Larouche Genevieve , Lay A. Morgan , Carson Gail , Tufet Bayona Marta 
Published: April 2021

Background:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in an unprecedented research response, demonstrating exceptional examples of rapid research and collaboration. There is however a need for greater coordination, with limited resources and the shifting global nature of the pandemic resulting in a proliferation of research projects underpowered and unable to achieve their aims.Methods:The UK Collaborative on Development Research (UKCDR) and Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness (GloPID-R), two funder coordination groups have collaborated to develop a live database of funded research projects across the world relating to COVID-19. Drawing data continually from their members and further global funding bodies, as of 15thJanuary 2021 the database contains 7,778 projects, funded by 101 funders, taking place across 136 countries representing an investment of at least $3.8 billion. To our knowledge it is one of the most comprehensive databases. The database is aligned to the World Health Organisation (WHO) Global Research Roadmap: 2019 Novel Coronavirus. It is being used by the WHO, governments and multi-lateral policy makers, research funders and researchers.This living mapping review aims to supplement the database by providing an open accessible and frequently updated resource summarising the characteristics of the COVID-19 funded research portfolio. Both descriptive and thematic analysis will be presented and updated frequently to aid interpretation of the global COVID-19 funded research portfolio.Results:In this version three analysis we provide an updated detailed descriptive analysis of the database (three months after version two) and focus our thematic analysis on research gaps, research areas in need of coordination, study populations and research locations (with a focus on resource-limited countries).Conclusions:As the global funding response to COVID-19 plateaus, this living mapping review helps both funders and researchers to prioritise resources to areas where there is continued unmet research need.
Limited progression of subclinical Dupuytren’s disease
Authors: van den Berge Bente A. , Werker Paul M. N. , Broekstra Dieuwke C. 
Published: April 2021

Aims With novel promising therapies potentially limiting progression of Dupuytren’s disease (DD), better patient stratification is needed. We aimed to quantify DD development and progression after seven years in a population-based cohort, and to identify factors predictive of disease development or progression. Methods All surviving participants from our previous prevalence study were invited to participate in the current prospective cohort study. Participants were examined for presence of DD and Iselin’s classification was applied. They were asked to complete comprehensive questionnaires. Disease progression was defined as advancement to a further Iselin stage or surgery. Potential predictive factors were assessed using multivariable regression analyses. Of 763 participants in our original study, 398 were available for further investigation seven years later. Results We identified 143/398 (35.9%) participants with DD, of whom 56 (39.2%) were newly diagnosed. Overall, 20/93 (21.5%) previously affected participants had disease progression, while 6/93 (6.5%) patients showed disease regression. Disease progression occurred more often in patients who initially had advanced disease. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that both ectopic lesions and a positive family history of DD are independent predictors of disease progression. Previous hand injury predicts development of DD. Conclusion Disease progression occurred in 21.5% of DD patients in our study. The higher the initial disease stage, the greater the proportion of participants who had disease progression at follow-up. Both ectopic lesions and a positive family history of DD predict disease progression. These patient-specific factors may be used to identify patients who might benefit from treatment that prevents progression. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):704–710.
A clinical review of robotic navigation in total knee arthroplasty: historical systems to modern design
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Horan Timothy , Molloy Robert M. , Bloomfield Michael R. , Patel Preetesh D. , Piuzzi Nicolas S. 
Published: April 2021

Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) has shown improved reproducibility and precision in mechanical alignment restoration, with improvement in early functional outcomes and 90-day episode of care cost savings compared to conventional TKA in some studies. However, its value is still to be determined. Current studies of RA-TKA systems are limited by short-term follow-up and significant heterogeneity of the available systems. In today’s paradigm shift towards an increased emphasis on quality of care while curtailing costs, providing value-based care is the primary goal for healthcare systems and clinicians. As robotic technology continues to develop, longer-term studies evaluating implant survivorship and complications will determine whether the initial capital is offset by improved outcomes. Future studies will have to determine the value of RA-TKA based on longer-term survivorships, patient-reported outcome measures, functional outcomes, and patient satisfaction measures.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:252-269. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200071
Are Researchers Addressing Cancer Treatment and Survivorship Among People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the U.S.? A Scoping Review
Authors: Samtani Grace , Bassford Tamsen L. , Williamson Heather J. , Armin Julie S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (PWIDD) often encounter barriers in the health care system when seeking general and specialized medical care. Literature has shown that PWIDD experience a lack of proper screening for and prevention of cancer compared to the general population. However, less is known regarding the cancer care and survivorship of PWIDD, especially in the United States. In this review, we examine what is currently known about the primary, psychosocial, and palliative care of PWIDD diagnosed with cancer. Our analyses reveal an immediate need for improvement in caregiver support, collaboration among health care providers, and ethical approaches to information disclosure for this population, as well as the establishment of more reliable standards of care through additional research with PWIDD.
Improvement of the coherent model function for S-branch Raman linewidth determination in oxygen
Authors: Hölzer Jonas I. , Meißner Christian , Seeger Thomas 
Published: April 2021

Determination of S-branch Raman linewidths of oxygen from picosecond time-domain pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (RCARS) measurements requires consideration of coherence beating. We present an optimization of the established model for fitting the coherence decay in oxygen, which leads to an improvement in Raman linewidth data quality, especially for the challenging small signal intensity and decay constant regime, enabling the application for low oxygen concentrations. Two modifications to the fitting procedure are discussed, which aim at reliably fitting the second coherence beat properly. These are evaluated statistically against simulated decay traces, and weighing the data by the inverse of the data magnitude gives the best agreement. The presented temperature dependent

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S-branch Raman linewidth from the modified model shows an improved data quality over the original model function for all studied temperatures.

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linewidths of oxygen in air for the temperature range from 295 K to 1900 K demonstrate applicability to small concentrations. Use of the determined RCARS

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S-branch linewidth instead of regularly used Q-branch derived linewidths leads to a lowering in evaluated RCARS temperature by about 21 K, thereby, a much better agreement with thermocouple measurements.
OrganiCam: a lightweight time-resolved laser-induced luminescence
imager and Raman spectrometer for planetary organic material
characterization
Authors: Gasda Patrick J. , Wiens Roger C. , Reyes-Newell Adriana , Ganguly Kumkum , Newell Raymond T. , Peterson Charles , Sandoval Benigno , Ott Logan , Adikari Samantha , Voit Seychelles , Clegg Samuel M. , Misra Anupam K. , Acosta-Maeda Tayro E. , Quinn Heather , Sharma Shiv K. , Dale Magdalena , Love Steven P. , Maurice Sylvestre 
Published: April 2021

OrganiCam is a laser-induced luminescence imager and spectrometer designed for standoff organic and biosignature detection on planetary bodies. OrganiCam uses a diffused laser beam (12° cone) to cover a large area at several meters distance and records luminescence on half of its intensified detector. The diffuser can be removed to record Raman and fluorescence spectra from a small spot from 2 m standoff distance. OrganiCam’s small size and light weight makes it ideal for surveying organics on planetary surfaces. We have designed and built a brassboard version of the OrganiCam instrument and performed initial tests of the system.
High-energy nanosecond parametric source at 2.7  µm
Authors: Xiao X. , Nees J. A. , Jovanovic I. 
Published: April 2021

We report a high-energy nanosecond

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-based optical parametric oscillator
and amplifier system driven by a 1064-nm, injection-seeded,

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-switched Nd:YAG laser to provide
mid-infrared pumping for few-cycle optical parametric chirped-pulse
amplification operating in the long-wave infrared spectral regime. An
output energy of 10.5 mJ at 2726 nm was obtained from the final power
amplifier with a spectral width of 2.8 nm, pulse duration of 1.2 ns,
and

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value of 2.4. The parametric source
provides for the second mode of operation, where 10-ns pulses are
produced by disabling the electro-optic slicing that enables the 1-ns
mode. For 10-ns operation, the source produced energy of 25 mJ with a

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value of 2.8.