bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perkutane, antegrade K-Draht-Osteosynthese bei Fingergrundgliedfrakturen: Vergleich zwischen frühfunktioneller und statischer Nachbehandlung
Authors: Ederer Ines Ana , von Fraunberg Johannes , Kolbenschlag Jonas , Nusche Andreas , Daigeler Adrien , Medved Fabian 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Diese retrospektive Studie vergleicht die klinischen Ergebnisse der frühfunktionellen Nachbehandlung mit den Ergebnissen mittels 6-wöchiger Schienenruhigstellung nachbehandelter Fingergrundgliedfrakturen nach perkutaner, antegrader K-Draht-Osteosynthese.
Patienten und Methoden Von insgesamt 90 Patienten, die zwischen 2010 und 2017 aufgrund einer isolierten Fingergrundgliedfraktur nach geschlossener Reposition mittels perkutaner, antegrader K-Draht-Osteosynthese operativ versorgt wurden, konnten 46 (17 Frauen und 29 Männer mit einem mittleren Alter von 42,8 Jahren) im Mittel nach 18,5 Monaten nachuntersucht werden. Bei 28 Patienten war eine frühfunktionelle, bei 18 eine statische Nachbehandlung erfolgt. Beide Gruppen unterschieden sich nicht statistisch signifikant bzgl. des Alters, der Geschlechtsverteilung, der Frakturlokalisation und -morphologie, des Unfallmechanismus und der Dauer der Operation. Bei der Nachuntersuchung wurde die aktive und passive Beweglichkeit des operierten Fingers (total active motion [TAM] und total passive motion [TPM], Fingerkuppen-Hohlhand-Abstand [FKHA], Nagelrand-verlängerter-Handrückenebenen-Abstand [NHREA]) und des korrespondierenden, unverletzten Fingers der Gegenseite gemessen und in Relation zueinander gesetzt (TAMrel, TPMrel). Des Weiteren wurde die Kraft bei verschiedenen Griffformen bestimmt und in Relation zur Kraft der unverletzten Gegenseite gesetzt. Intra- und postoperative Komplikationen, der DASH-Score und die Zeit bis zur Wiederaufnahme der Arbeitstätigkeit wurden erfasst.
Ergebnisse Keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Gruppen konnten bzgl. der Häufigkeit von Komplikationen und notwendiger Revisionen, der Fingerbeweglichkeit und Kraft festgestellt werden. Patienten mit aktiver Nachbehandlung kehrten im Vergleich zu Patienten mit statischer Nachbehandlung jedoch signifikant früher an ihre Arbeitsplätze zurück (2,5 vs. 9,0 Wochen nach operativer Versorgung, p = 0,035). Der DASH-Score in der Gruppe mit aktiver Nachbehandlung war mit 1,7 Punkten etwas niedriger als in der Gruppe mit statischer Nachbehandlung mit 2,5 Punkten (p = 0,269).
Schlussfolgerung Patienten mit frühfunktioneller Nachbehandlung waren signifikant kürzer arbeitsunfähig. Zum Nachuntersuchungszeitpunkt fand sich kein Unterschied in der globalen Fingerbeweglichkeit beider Gruppen. Bei gegebener Compliance kann auf eine postoperative Ruhigstellung verzichtet werden.
Daten richtig interpretieren
Authors: Fessler Jenny S. , Fröhlich Martin R. , Angerer Alfred , Bode Karsten 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungUm Kennzahlen richtig lesen und interpretieren zu können, bedarf es einer Routine und guter Zusammenarbeit mit den Schnittstellen, etwa dem Controlling. Nur so können Pflegeprozesse aktiv gesteuert und verbessert werden.
Provider Perspectives on the Acceptability, Appropriateness, and Feasibility of Teleneonatology
Authors: Fang Jennifer L. , Umoren Rachel , Whyte Hilary , Limjoco Jamie , Makkar Abhishek , Yankanah Rosanna , McCoy Mike , Lo Mark D. , Colby Christopher E. , Herrin Jeph , Jacobson Robert M. , Demaerschalk Bart M. 
Published: September 2021

Objective We aimed to measure provider perspectives on the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of teleneonatology in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and community hospitals.
Study Design Providers from five academic tertiary NICUs and 27 community hospitals were surveyed using validated implementation measures to assess the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of teleneonatology. For each of the 12 statements, scale values ranged from 1 to 5 (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree), with higher scores indicating greater positive perceptions. Survey results were summarized, and differences across respondents assessed using generalized linear models.
Results The survey response rate was 56% (203/365). Respondents found teleneonatology to be acceptable, appropriate, and feasible. The percent of respondents who agreed with each of the twelve statements ranged from 88.6 to 99.0%, with mean scores of 4.4 to 4.7 and median scores of 4.0 to 5.0. There was no difference in the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of teleneonatology when analyzed by professional role, years of experience in neonatal care, or years of teleneonatology experience. Respondents from Level I well newborn nurseries had greater positive perceptions of teleneonatology than those from Level II special care nurseries.
Conclusion Providers in tertiary NICUs and community hospitals perceive teleneonatology to be highly acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for their practices. The wide acceptance by providers of all roles and levels of experience likely demonstrates a broad receptiveness to telemedicine as a tool to deliver neonatal care, particularly in rural communities where specialists are unavailable.
Key Points
Pyrroloimidazolediones Derived from Aminomalonates and Benzaldehydes
Authors: Moloney Mark G. , O’Shaughnessy Lewis , Hutchinson Charles , Waldron Adam , Christensen Kirsten E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBicyclic lactams can be prepared from diethyl aminomalonate and substituted benzaldehydes by formation of a dimerised imidazolidine cycloadduct followed by a Dieckmann ring closure. The resulting N,N-heterocycles are metal-chelating but show no antibacterial activity.
Dynadesis for Treatment of Dynamic Scaphoid Instability with 20-Year Results
Authors: Seradge Houshang , Parker Winfred , Seradge Carrie , Steppe Cyrus , McKenzie Ashley 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Even though the scapholunate interosseous ligament is the most common wrist ligament injury, its treatment remains a challenge for hand surgeons. We report on a surgical treatment (Dynadesis) for dynamic scaphoid instability (DSI) with a 20-year follow-up period.
Description of Technique Dynadesis utilizes antagonist forearm muscles in order to synergistically provide dynamic stabilization to the scaphoid when the wrist is loaded. It is a tendon-to-tendon transfer with the following two components: 1) Dorsal—The extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) is passed through a hole in the reduced, distal scaphoid, providing the scaphoid with an independent extension force. 2) Volar—A dynamic checkrein is created by tension-locking the ECRL tendon around the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon. The portion of the FCR distal to the scaphoid tethers and tightens with contracture of the ECRL and FCR muscles.
Patients and Methods Twenty patients (21 wrists) were treated with Dynadesis and reevaluated 20 years later (range: 20–27 years).
Results Average grip strength improved by 8 kg. The average wrist flexion-extension arc decreased by 3°. Wrist X-rays showed no radiocarpal arthritis. On the Mayo wrist score, 81% reported excellent to good results (average: 89). Pain levels improved by 90%, with 76% of patients reporting no pain. All patients (100%) were satisfied with their results and would recommend the procedure.
Conclusions Dynadesis is specifically designed for the treatment of DSI. It avoids the eventual complication of osteoarthritis and does not sacrifice wrist motion. A predictable and satisfactory long-term result is obtainable with correct patient selection based on clinical staging and arthroscopic findings.
Cranial and Spinal Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Pathological Enigma
Authors: Yeole Ujwal , Rao K. V.L. Narsinga , Beniwal Manish , Sivakoti Sumitra , Santosh Vani , Somanna Sampath 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) arises from nerve sheaths, mostly seen in peripheral nerves but rare in craniospinal nerves. The information available in the literature to build up treatment strategy and improve clinical outcomes is scarce. We are reviewing cases from our institute, with emphasis on radiological features for early differentiation from its benign variants.

Methods We analyzed pathologically diagnosed cases retrospectively from January 2007 to December 2018 at our institute. Clinicoradiological details and treatment parameters were collected from medical records for evaluation. Each case was contacted telephonically for final clinical follow-up at the time of writing the manuscript.

Results A total of seven cases of MPNST were diagnosed in the last 10 years. It included four intracranial and three spinal cases. The mean age for the cohort was 34.3 years, with five females. We could achieve gross total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection in four (57.1%) and two (28.6%) cases, respectively. We could achieve an overall survival of 57.1% in the average follow-up of 28.2 months (range: 8–84 months).

Conclusion MPNST is a rare tumor with a bad prognosis. Radical surgical resection is the mainstay of the treatment, but it is not always possible to achieve it because of the inaccessible location and large size of lesions. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging; however, few radiological findings may give a clue toward it. As a disease entity overall, it has a poor outcome with a high rate of fatality.
Vidian Canal as a Transcranial Landmark: Anatomy, Technique, and Illustrative Cases
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , McKenzie Daniel M. , Pelargos Panayiotis E. , Palejwala Ali H. , Dunn Ian F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective The vidian nerve can be accessed in transcranial approaches in carefully selected patients to ensure its preservation and to serve as a landmark for sphenoid sinus entry. This report is to review a technique, evaluate it in laboratory settings, and present two illustrative cases.
Design The study involves cadaveric dissection and illustrative cases.
Setting The study conducted in a cadaveric dissection laboratory.
Participants The object of the study is one cadaveric head and two illustrative clinical cases.
Main Outcome Measures Two cases using this approach were illustrated, and a cadaver dissection was performed in a step-by-step fashion.
Results: The vidian canal can be accessed by drilling the anterolateral triangle. Two illustrated cases were presented; in one, the vidian nerve was used as part of a corridor to access the sphenoid sinus for tumor delivery, and in the other, the technique was used to find and preserve the vidian nerve during transcranial resection.
Conclusion Careful identification of the vidian canal in transcranial surgery is a beneficial technique in carefully selected cases which allows identification of the nerve both for its preservation in selected cases and to create the vidian–maxillary corridor for tumor resection. Knowing the anatomy and pneumatization variants is important in the surgical approach.
A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Virtual Versus Direct Airway Assessment in the Preoperative Period in Patients Presenting for Neurosurgery: A Quest for Safer Preoperative Practice in Neuroanesthesia in the Backdrop of the COVID-19 Pandemic!
Authors: Hrishi Ajay Prasad , Prathapadas Unnikrishnan , Praveen Ranganatha , Vimala Smita , Sethuraman Manikandan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives Neurosurgical patients with cervical spine pathologies, craniofacial and craniovertebral junction anomalies, recurrent cervical spine, and posterior fossa surgeries frequently present with an airway that is anticipated to be difficult. Although the routine physical evaluation is nonaerosol-generating, Mallampati scoring, mouth opening, and assessment of lower cranial nerve function could potentially generate aerosols, imposing a greater risk of acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Moreover, airway evaluation requires the patient to remove the mask, thereby posing a greater risk to the assessing anesthesiologist. Thus, we designed this study to evaluate the efficacy of virtual airway assessment (VAA) done via telemedicine in comparison to direct airway assessment (DAA), and assess the feasibility of VAA as a part of the preanesthetic evaluation (PAE) of patients presenting for neurosurgery in the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods A total of 55 patients presenting for elective neurosurgical procedures were recruited in this prospective, observational study. The preoperative assessment of the airway was first done by a remote anesthetist via an encrypted video call, using a smartphone which served the purpose of telemedicine equipment, followed by a direct assessment by the attending anesthetist. The following parameters were assessed: mouth opening (MO), presence of any anomalies of tongue and palate, Mallampati classification (MPC) grading, thyromental distance (TMD), upper lip bite test (ULBT), neck movements, and Look-Evaluate-Mallampati-Obstruction-Neck mobility (LEMON) scoring system.

Statistical Analysis Demographic parameters were expressed as mean ± SD. Agreement between the values obtained by VAA and DAA parameters were analyzed with the Kappa test.

Results We observed a “perfect agreement” between the DAA and VAA with regard to MO. Assessment of ULBT, neck movements, and the LEMON score had an overall “almost perfect agreement” between the DAA and VAA. We also observed a “substantial agreement” between VAA and DAA during the assessment of MPC grading and TMD.

Conclusion Our study shows that PAE and VAA via telemedicine can reliably be used as an alternative to direct physical preanesthetic consultation in the COVID-19 scenario. This could reduce unnecessary exposure of anesthesiologists to potential asymptomatic COVID-positive patients, thereby protecting the available skilled workforce, without any significant compromise to patient care.
Identifying Poor Adherence in Outpatients with Bipolar Disorder: A Comparison of Different Measures
Authors: Chauhan Nidhi , Chakrabarti Subho , Grover Sandeep 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective Unlike schizophrenia, comparisons of different methods of estimating inadequate adherence in bipolar disorder (BD) are scarce. This study compared four methods of identifying inadequate adherence among outpatients with BD.

Materials and Methods Two self-reports, the Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ) and the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10), clinician ratings employing the Compliance Rating Scale (CRS), mood-stabilizer levels, and clinic-based pill counts were compared at intake in 106 outpatients with BD and after 6 months of follow-up (n = 75).

Statistical Analysis Rates of nonadherence were determined for each method. The ability to detect inadequate adherence was based on sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV), and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR positive and LR negative). Correlation coefficients and Cohen's kappa values were used to determine the agreement between measures. Correlation coefficients were also used to evaluate the determinants of inadequate adherence

Results The MAQ and the DAI-10 (cut-off score of two) yielded higher rates of nonadherence (35–47%) than the other methods. They were better at detecting adherence (specificity, 34–42%; PPV, 40–44%; and LR negative, 0.70–0.96) than other measures and had moderate ability to identify nonadherence compared with them (sensitivity, 63–73%; NPV, 54–70%; and LR positive, 1.02–1.16). They were associated with several established predictors of nonadherence. The MAQ and DAI-10 scores and the MAQ and CRS scores were modestly correlated. Multivariate analysis showed that 20% of the variance in the DAI-10 scores was explained by the MAQ scores. Despite their low yield, serum levels had a high sensitivity (88%) and higher accuracy (55%) in identifying inadequate adherence. CRS ratings and pill counts had high sensitivity but low specificity to detect inadequate adherence.

Conclusion Self-reports appeared to be the most efficient method of ascertaining inadequate adherence among outpatients with BD. However, since none of the measures were adequate by themselves, a combination of different measures is more likely to maximize the chances of identifying inadequate adherence among these patients.
News media coverage of COVID-19 public health and policy information
Authors: Mach Katharine J. , Salas Reyes Raúl , Pentz Brian , Taylor Jennifer , Costa Clarissa A. , Cruz Sandip G. , Thomas Kerronia E. , Arnott James C. , Donald Rosalind , Jagannathan Kripa , Kirchhoff Christine J. , Rosella Laura C. , Klenk Nicole 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring a pandemic, news media play a crucial role in communicating public health and policy information. Traditional newspaper coverage is important amidst increasing disinformation, yet uncertainties make covering health risks and efforts to limit transmission difficult. This study assesses print and online newspaper coverage of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 for March 2020, when the global pandemic was declared, through August 2020 in three countries: Canada (with the lowest per-capita case and death rates during the study timeframe), the United Kingdom (with a pronounced early spike), and the United States (with persistently high rates). Tools previously validated for pandemic-related news records allow measurement of multiple indicators of scientific quality (i.e., reporting that reflects the state of scientific knowledge) and of sensationalism (i.e., strategies rendering news as more extraordinary than it really is). COVID-19 reporting had moderate scientific quality and low sensationalism across 1331 sampled articles in twelve newspapers spanning the political spectrums of the three countries. Newspapers oriented towards the populist-right had the lowest scientific quality in reporting, combined with very low sensationalism in some cases. Against a backdrop of world-leading disease rates, U.S. newspapers on the political left had more exposing coverage, e.g., focused on policy failures or misinformation, and more warning coverage, e.g., focused on the risks of the disease, compared to U.S. newspapers on the political right. Despite the generally assumed benefits of low sensationalism, pandemic-related coverage with low scientific quality that also failed to alert readers to public-health risks, misinformation, or policy failures may have exacerbated the public-health effects of the disease. Such complexities will likely remain central for both pandemic news media reporting and public-health strategies reliant upon it.
Model-driven mitigation measures for reopening schools during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McGee Ryan Seamus , Homburger Julian R. , Williams Hannah E. , Bergstrom Carl T. , Zhou Alicia Y. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
As the COVID-19 pandemic drags on, we need strategies for reopening those schools that have remained closed. We developed stochastic network models to study the risks associated with returning to in-person learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to explore the value of mitigation measures in reducing these risks. Our models indicate that the risk of school outbreaks increases as community prevalence increases, and that secondary schools pose greater control challenges than primary schools. The models reveal that a number of measures can help substantially: dividing students into multiple cohorts who attend school on an alternating basis, frequently testing teachers and students, and vaccinating teachers and staff. Basic transmission control strategies such as mask use, social distancing, and ventilation remain essential.
Discourse markers at the peripheries of syntax, intonation and
turns
Authors: Degand Liesbeth , Crible Ludivine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, we analyze to what extent the type
of unit influences the position and function of discourse markers
(DMs). By comparing DM use across peripheries and across units, we
aim to identify which linguistic level (syntax, intonation, turns)
is most functionally and cognitively motivated. Our corpus-based
analysis reveals that clauses best account for the systematic
variation of DMs: initial uses are dedicated to marking discourse
relations, medial uses express the speaker’s subjectivity and final
uses call out to the addressee. The distribution of DMs in turns is
fairly similar but this interactional unit is not fine-grained
enough. Intonational peripheries, in turn, seem to perform other
functions that are not reflected in a systematic variation of DM
uses.
What is (and could be) thick description in academic writing research?
Authors: Tardy Christine M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
One hallmark of ethnographic research is its use of thick description, a concept often associated with the use of multiple sources of data, collected over time, ideally aiding the researcher in understanding participants’ perspectives on the data. This chapter explores the roots of thick description in ethnographic research, and then reviews how thick description has been used in studies of academic writing through close analysis of 21 studies published in international journals. The chapter concludes by considering the implications of varying interpretations and enactments of thick description as well as the potential role of thick participation in helping researchers achieve thick description.
Learning Description-Based Representations for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning via Attentive CNN
Authors: Zhou Xiaojie , Zhai Pengjun , Fang Yu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKnowledge graphs have played a significant role in various applications and knowledge reasoning is one of the key tasks. However, the task gets more challenging when each fact is associated with a time annotation on temporal knowledge graph. Most of the existing temporal knowledge graph representation learning methods exploit structural information to learn the entity and relation representations. By these methods, those entities with similar structural information cannot be easily distinguished. Incorporating other information is an effective way to solve such problems. To address this problem, we propose a temporal knowledge graph representation learning method d-HyTE that incorporates entity descriptions. We learn structure-based representations of entities and relations and explore a deep convolutional neural network with attention to encode description-based representations of entities. The joint representation of two different representations of an entity is regarded as the final representation. We evaluate this method on link prediction and temporal scope prediction. Experimental results showed that our method d-HyTE outperformed the other baselines on many metrics.
Research on Named Entity Recognition Method Based on Improved LSTM-CRF Model
Authors: Gan Yong , Jia Dongwei , Wang Yifan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Because the computer cannot directly understand the text corpus in the NLP task, the first thing to do is to represent the characteristics of the natural language numerically, and the word vector technology provides a good way to express it. Because Word2vec considers context and has fewer dimensions, it is now more popular words embedded. However, due to the particularity of Chinese, word2vec cannot accurately identify the polysemy of words. In this paper, a lightweight and effective method is used to merge vocabulary into character representation. This approach avoids designing complex sequence modeling architectures. for any neural network model, simply fine-tuning the character input layer can introduce vocabulary information. The model also uses the modified LSTM to bridge the enormous LSTM and the Transformer model. The interaction between input and context provides a richer modeling space that significantly improves testing on all four public datasets.