bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT PADA AYAM MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR
Authors: Bere Jeremias , Dedy Irawan Joseph , Ariwibisono FX 
Published: March 2021

Komoditas ayam di indonesia mempunyai prospek pasar yang sangat baik karena didukung oleh karakteristik produk yang dapat diterima oleh semua lapisan masyarakat, karena harga daging ayam yang relatif lebih murah (dibandingkan dengan daging sapi maupun kambing) dengan akses yang mudah diperoleh karena sudah menyebar di seluruh wilayah tanah air. Oleh karena itu, banyak masyarakat yang memanfaatkan ternak ayam sebagai ladang bisnisnya. Permasalahan utama yang merupakan tantangan terberat di peternakan ayam adalah munculnya penyakit, sehingga pengelolaanya perlu dilakukan secara efisien dan professional.
Oleh sebab itu, dalam penelitian ini dibangun suatu sistem pakar diagnosis penyakit pada ayam berdasarkan pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari seorang pakar. Sistem pakar yang dibangun berbasis website menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan basis data MySql. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode certainty factor, diamana duganakannya metode ini untuk menggambarkan tingkat keyakinan pakar terhadap suatu masalah. Data yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun sistem pakar ini adalah data penyakit ayam beserta gejalanya.
Dari hasil pengujian yang di lakukan terhadap 11 orang responden, yaitu 10 user dan 1 orang pakar, didapatkan hasil 34% user sangat setuju, 44% user setuju, 18% user kurang setuju, dan 4% user tidak setuju. Dan pengujian yang ditujukan terhadap pakar didapatkan hasil presentase dari 2 penyakit dengan 10 gejala adalah 100% sedangnkan di sitem pakar diagnosa penyakit ayam menunjukan presentase 67,744% pada penyakit gumbro dengan jumlah 5 gejala dan presentase 69,706% pada penyakit mareks dengan jumlah 5 gejala.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PADI AQUAPONIC BERBASIS IoT(Internet of Things)
Authors: Wahyudi Desvianty Ayu , Adi Wibowo Suryo , Primaswara P Renaldi 
Published: March 2021

Padi Aquaponic adalah sistem pertanian dengan metode menanam padi dan memelihara ikan dengan memanfaatkan kotoran ikan sebagai nutrisi pada padi. Dalam budidaya padi Aquaponic sering dijumpai permasalahan, sampai saat ini sistem padi Aquaponic masih dilakukan secara manual seperti memantau keadaan dari aliran pompa air, kelembaban tanah, kekeruhan air kolam dan pengendalian hama padi.
Dari permasalahan yang diuraikan diatas untuk itu dikembangkanlah sistem padi Aquaponic dengan konsep IoT (Internet Of Things) dapat dilakukan monitoring jarak jauh pada hardware atau alat menggunakan website dengan bantuan akses internet. Disamping itu ditambahkanya motor servo sebagai aktuator kendali buka dan tutup agar kabut dari pestisida yang dihasilkan oleh mist maker. Sistem kendali tersebut juga diterapkan sama dengan sistem pemberian pakan pada ikan, dengan pengaturan waktu pada modul RTC (Real Time Clock). Kemudian dibuat pula filtering air kolam otomatis jika terdeteksi air kolam keruh.
Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa rata -rata persentase error pada sensor kelembaban 3.49% dan sensor debit 3.16%. Dari hasil pengujian kamera ESP32-Cam dapat diketahaui bahwa nilai IP yang diberikan sama / tetap. Website berjalan dengan baik di berbagai browser web (Opera, Google Chrome dan Microsoft Edge) karena aplikasinya merupakan website responsive yang dibuat menggunakan pemrograman PHP.
Perbandingan Hubungan Pola Asuh Orangtua dengan Perkembangan Sosial Emosi Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Lesmana Rini , Marthina Yvonne , Septiana Yorisye 
Published: March 2021

Tumbuh kembang anak pada usia prasekolah terdiri dari 4 aspek yaitu aspek kognitif, bahasa, motorik, dan yang terpenting, sosial-emosi. Aspek sosial-emosi sangat dipengaruhi oleh pola asuh orangtua. Terdapat 3 tipe pola asuh orangtua yaitu tipe otoriter, demokrasi, dan permisif. Pola asuh dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yang paling penting adalah sosial ekonomi dan pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orangtua dengan perkembangan sosial emosi anak serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pola asuh orangtua. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik purposive stratified random sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 108. Sampel penelitian ini adalah orangtua murid dari 5 TK di Jakarta T.A. 2019/2020. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah PSDQ (Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaires) untuk mengukur pola asuh orangtua dan ASQ:SE (Age and Stages Questionnaires: Social Emotional) untuk mengukur perkembangan sosial emosi anak. Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya hubungan pola asuh orangtua dengan perkembangan sosial emosi anak (p= 0.004). Pola asuh yang baik akan menghasilkan perkembangan sosial emosi anak normal lebih banyak dan sebaliknya. Didapatkan juga adanya pengaruh status sosial ekonomi orangtua terhadap pola asuh orangtua (p= 0.002). Semakin rendah tingkat sosial ekonomi maka pola asuh cenderung otoriter dan sebaliknya.
The Impact of Perceptions of Policy Dissemination, Communication, and Motivation on National Character Knowledge of Primary School Teachers
Authors: Mubarok Husni , Akbar Ma’ruf , Boeriswati Endry 
Published: March 2021

This study measures perceptions of policy dissemination, communication, and teacher motivation on knowledge of primary school teachers' nationality character. The survey method with structural equation models was used involving 144 primary school teachers in Pati, Central Java, Indonesia. The instruments were in the form of questionnaires on national character knowledge, policy dissemination, communication, and teacher motivation. The concern in this study is the cognitive abilities of primary school teachers in the form of knowledge of national characters and non-cognitive abilities in the form of policy dissemination, communication, and motivation. The study results indicated an influence of policy dissemination, communication, and motivation on primary school teachers' national character knowledge. Primary school teacher motivation provided a significant positive value on the teacher's nationality character's experience. In addition to the influence of non-cognitive abilities on cognitive abilities, there was also a positive influence between the non-cognitive abilities of primary school teachers. This study recommends that policymakers, including school principals, have an excellent opportunity to succeed in national character education, including character education in general, if policy dissemination is implemented optimally and appropriately to primary school teachers as educators.

Received: 12 January 2021 / Accepted: 16 February 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021
Noncytotoxic Inhibition of the Immunoproteasome Regulates Human Immune Cells In Vitro and Suppresses Cutaneous Inflammation in the Mouse
Authors: Ah Kioon Marie Dominique , Pierides Michael , Pannellini Tania , Lin Gang , Nathan Carl F. , Barrat Franck J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inhibitors of the immunoproteasome (i-20S) have shown promise in mouse models of autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection. In this study, we used a novel inhibitor of the immunoproteasome, PKS3053, that is reversible, noncovalent, tight-binding, and highly selective for the β5i subunit of the i-20S to evaluate the role that i-20S plays in regulating immune responses in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to irreversible, less-selective inhibitors, PKS3053 did not kill any of the primary human cell types tested, including plasmacytoid dendritic cells, conventional dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells, all of which expressed genes encoding both the constitutive proteasome (c-20S) and i-20S. PKS3053 reduced TLR-dependent activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, decreasing their maturation and IFN-α response and reducing their ability to activate allogenic T cells. In addition, PKS3053 reduced T cell proliferation directly and inhibited TLR-mediated activation of conventional dendritic cells and macrophages. In a mouse model of skin injury that shares some features of cutaneous lupus erythematosus, blocking i-20S decreased inflammation, cellular infiltration, and tissue damage. We conclude that the immunoproteasome is involved in the activation of innate and adaptive immune cells, that their activation can be suppressed with an i-20S inhibitor without killing them, and that selective inhibition of β5i holds promise as a potential therapy for inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis.
High-Resolution Ultrasound Study of Morphological Changes of the Pylorus in the Postoperative Cases of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: Guria Mriganka , Ghosh Dipak , Bisth Janki , Basu Swadha Priya , Saha Kaushik 
Published: March 2021

Aims:
The aim of this study was to find & compare the pyloric Canal Length (CL), Pyloric muscle thickness (MT) by using the High Resolution Ultrasonography (HRUS) in Preoperative & postoperative period (after Ramstedt Pyloromyotomy) for Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS).

Methods:
From January 2018 to June 2019, we have performed HRUS for 40 patients of clinically diagnosed cases of IHPS. & Ultrasonography machine: Phillips HD 7 machine & Alpinion E-CUBE with 3-12MHz linear probe, 3.5-5 MHz curvilinear probe and 5-7.5 MHz sector probe were used. The sonographic criteria for positive IHPS are Pyloric muscle thickness (MT) > 3 mm, pyloric Canal length (CL) >14 mm. Postoperative MT & CL at 2 month, 4 month & 6 month were determined and results were analysed with the preoperative pyloric parameters. Statistical analysis used: Mean and standard deviation of values were obtained by using Microsoft excel and statistical significance was analysed by regression study of grouped variables showing p – value by Microsoft excel.

Results:
Pyloric parameters (MT & CL ) gradually attain normal values over months and 80 % of patients showed resolution of pyloric MT & CL values by 6 months. MT assessment shows statistical significance at six months scan ( p- value <0.05).

Conclusions:
Serial postoperative HRUS in IHPS cases show gradual ( mostly by 6 months) resolution of pyloric parameters ( MT & CL ) to normal. MT appears to be a consistent parameter for serial assessment.
Technology and social cohesion: deploying artificial intelligence in mediating herder-farmer conflicts in Nigeria
Authors: Oyekan Adeolu Oluwaseyi 
Published: March 2021

This paper argues for the role of technology, such as artificial intelligence, which includes machine learning, in managing conflicts between herders and farmers in Nigeria. Conflicts between itinerant Fulani herders and farmers over the years have resulted in the destruction of lives, properties, and the displacement of many indigenous communities across Nigeria, with devastating social, economic and political consequences. Over time, the conflicts have morphed into ethnic stereotypes, allegations of ethnic cleansing, forceful appropriation and divisive entrenchment of labels that are inimical to national existence. The reality of climate change and increased urbanization suggest that conflicts are likely to exacerbate over shrinking resources in the near future. Finding solutions to the conflicts, therefore requires innovative thinking capable of addressing the limits of past approaches. While mindful of the human and political dimension of the conflicts, I argue using the method of philosophical analysis that technology possesses the capacity for social transformation, and make a case for the modernization of grazing culture and the curbing of crossborder grazing through machine learning (ML) and other forms of artificial intelligence. Machine Learning represents a transformative technology that addresses the security challenges of irregular migration, accommodates the nomadic and subsistent mode of farming associated with the conflicting parties while enabling a gradual but stable transition to full modernization. I conclude that machine learning holds many prospects for minimizing conflicts and attaining social cohesion between herders and farmers when properly complemented by other mechanisms of social cohesion that may be political in nature.
The Role of National Farmers Helps Line in Agricultural Information Dissemination Among Crop Farmers in Nigeria: A Case Study of Farmers Help Line Centre, NAERLS ABU Zaria
Authors: Bashir Mohammed Bawuro , Adam Ali Goni , Abubakar Jamila Abdulkadir , Faruk Aliyu Umar , Garuba Halimat Suraj , Francis Nyayekonung Bege 
Published: March 2021

The study examined the role of national farmers helpline in agricultural information dissemination among crop farmers in Nigeria, with the specific objectives to identify the various sources of information on agricultural practices available to the farmers and identify the various information disseminated to the farmers from the National Farmers Helpline. One Thousand farmers were randomly selected from the farmers who frequently call the Helpline Centre from the database of NAERLS across the six geo-political zones of Nigeria; to source the required information. Some of the crop farmers were contacted through phone calls, SMS, and social media platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp while some were through administration of questionnaires and face to face discussion. Data sourced were subjected to descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and percentage for analysis and were presented in tables and charts. The findings reveal that the Farmers Help Line Centre, NEARLS supply farmers around the country with all the necessary information on cultural practices, access to improved seed varieties, fertilizer and application, pest and disease management practices, weed management practices, marketing strategies, post-harvest activities, management of farm tools and machineries and also information on Government policies on agriculture. It is recommended that stakeholders of National Farmers Help Line ensure the sustainability of its services by including other Nigerian languages to have a larger coverage and not limiting spoken languages to only the major Nigerian languages (English, Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo and Nigerian pidgin); and also extend their services to West African countries and other parts of the globe at large.
Key words: Agriculture, information, dissemination and crop farmers
A step-by-step integration of isiZulu mood as a grammatical feature into secondary school level creative writing
Authors: Mndawe Isaac 
Published: March 2021

This article proposes how to infuse grammatical features, isiZulu moods in particular, into the creative writing processes at Senior and Further Education and Training (SP and FET) Phases. IsiZulu moods are grammatical features that are underused by teachers in the teaching of isiZulu creative writing. This study would help isiZulu teachers to acquire adequate language teaching skills and techniques, thus learning the proper application of grammatical feature. IsiZulu teachers would shift from teaching grammar as a standalone to communicative language teaching. The main method of investigation was the review of literature on the teaching of grammar, such as the works of Harry Noden, Image Grammar, isiZulu textbooks and methodology books used for language teaching. The Departmentof Education curriculum documents were analysed and discussed systematically. We have observed that the presentation of moods in most isiZulu of school textbooks is technical in that it focuses on their morphological structure and less on their semantic and syntacticstructures. The syllabus is not explicit why grammatical feature, such as mood, should be studied and how learners can apply the different moods in their creative writing activities. We argue that learning how to use isiZulu moods could improve learners’ quality of writing and enable them to write effective texts.
Keywords: Creative writing; writing skills; isiZulu grammar; sentences; moods
Resistencia a desinfectantes y su relación con la resistencia a los antibióticos
Authors: Chacón Jiménez Luz , Rojas Jiménez Keilor 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: sistematizar los principales mecanismos de acción de los desinfectantes y describir mecanismos de resistencia comunes entre biocidas y antibióticos.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos entre 2000 y julio de 2019, sobre la relación entre la resistencia a biocidas y a los antibióticos, utilizando como palabras clave “antibiotic”, “biocide”, “resistance” y “bacteria”, en las bases de datos PubMed y Google Scholar.
Conclusiones: existe numerosa evidencia científica que indica la relación entre bacterias resistentes a los desinfectantes y la adquisición de resistencia a los antibióticos, lo que implica un replanteamiento del uso de esas sustancias en diferentes contextos clínicos, con el fin de minimizar el impacto que puedan tener en la selección de microorganismos multirresistentes a los antibióticos.
Descriptores: bacterias, desinfectantes, resistencia, antibióticos.
Interventions to Influence the Use of Antibiotics for Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Thompson Wade , McCormack Suzanne 
Published: March 2021

Thirteen systematic reviews (SRs) were identified. Two of these SRs addressed delayed antibiotic prescribing and 12 of these SRs investigated family medicine interventions. Delayed antibiotic prescribing reduced antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) compared to immediate prescribing and did not appear to impact patient satisfaction or re-consultation rates; however, there was less evidence on clinical outcomes, health care utilization, or antibiotic resistance. One systematic review concluded that there was no difference between delayed and immediate antibiotics for many clinical outcomes, but that immediate antibiotics may modestly improve symptoms for acute otitis media (AOM) and sore throat compared with delayed antibiotics.
Various family medicine interventions were evaluated; however, there were generally few relevant primary studies in each of these reviews for most of the interventions. Rapid or point-of-care tests to guide the treatment of URTIs appeared to reduce antibiotic prescribing compared to control or usual care; however, there was relatively little evidence on clinical outcomes for these tests. One systematic review on procalcitonin-guided treatment suggested that this intervention led to no difference in the number of days with restricted activities or rates of treatment failure compared to control, while another systematic review found that C-reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care tests to guide antibiotic prescribing resulted in no difference in recovery or time to resolution of the symptoms; however, this was based on only 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Evidence was mixed on different patient- or provider-directed interventions, such as education, training, and tools. In some of the primary studies from the eligible SRs, these interventions reduced antibiotic prescribing; while in others, they had no effect on antibiotic prescribing.
Empirical Likelihood Ratio Test for Seemingly Unrelated Regression Models
Authors: Wei Chuanhua , Ma Xiaoxiao 
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the problem of testing independence of equations in a seemingly unrelated regression model. A
novel empirical likelihood test approach is proposed, and under the null hypothesis it is shown to follow asymptotically a
chi-square distribution. Finally, simulation studies and a real data example are conducted to illustrate the performance of
the proposed method.
Non-Typhoidal Salmonellosis: A Major Concern for Poultry Industry
Authors: Pandey Mamta , Sharath Kumar Goud Emmagouni 
Published: March 2021

Salmonella is the most important gastrointestinal pathogen distributed ubiquitously. The major serovars involved in Non-typhoidal salmonellosis are S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. In the viewpoint of ban in the export and import of the Salmonella contaminated poultry food and poultry products, the need for rapid detection and mitigation of Salmonella has increased mani-folds. The major problem associated with its control is the growing incidence of antimicrobial resistance, which has been reported worldwide in the recent years. From causing self limiting gastroenteritis they have found to be responsible for several fatal diseases like endocarditis, meningitis, lung infestations, appendicitis, pneumonia, and cerebral abscess in human beings. Targeting several proteins such as adhesive proteins, lipoproteins, outer membrane proteins (Omps) etc. as vaccine candidates may pave a way in its control. So, continuous monitoring using one health approach and development of effective treatment and control strategies are critical.
La transformación hacia experiencias expandidas en educación superior: curso #UAMskills de identidad digital
Authors: González-Patiño Javier , Esteban-Guitart Moisés 
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se analiza la transformación de un curso de educación superior de la UAM, que durante años se desarrolló de manera presencial, en experiencia de aprendizaje remoto expandido, es decir, mediado por el espacio y cultura digital. La aproximación pedagógica de la personalización educativa—diversificación de recursos, estrategias y actuaciones para facilitar que los aprendices otorguen sentido y valor personal a los aprendizajes—ha sido fundamental para orientar el proyecto de investigación acción que aquí se presenta. Se han incorporado actividades de carácter abierto, usando herramientas y plataformas de la web social, que han habilitado a los participantes, constituidos como comunidad de práctica, a crear conocimiento antes, durante y después de las sesiones síncronas, así como, difundirlo en redes, conversar con otros interesados externos y recuperarlo con posterioridad. En las conclusiones se pone de manifiesto como articular la diversidad cultural y de trayectorias de participación en el actual escenario social de complejidad e incertidumbre, legitima la relevancia de la personalización educativa para facilitar aprendizajes situados y con sentido, desarrollando experiencias expandidas, flexibles y distribuidas en torno a una narrativa transmedia que naturalice la cultura digital en lo que a oportunidades y procesos de aprendizaje se refiere.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the transformation of a higher education course at the Autonomous University of Madrid from physical teaching to an expanded remote learning experience, mediated by digital culture and space. The pedagogical approach of personalized education—based on providing resources, strategies and actions to facilitate learners to make sense and personal value to learning—has been central in orienting the action research project presented here. Open and connected activities have been incorporated, promoting the use of tools and platforms of the social web which have enabled participants, constituted as a community of practice, to create knowledge before, during and after synchronous sessions, as well as spread it in networks, converse with other external stakeholders and recover it later. The conclusions display how articulating cultural diversity and participatory pathways in the current social scene of complexity and uncertainty, legitimizes the relevance of personalized education to facilitate situated and meaningful learning, developing expanded, flexible and distributed experiences around a transmedia narrative that naturalizes digital culture in terms of learning opportunities and processes.