bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Macrophage Extracellular Traps Predict Postoperative Recurrence in Resectable Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Xu Shuai-Shuai , Li Hao , Li Tian-Jiao , Li Shuo , Xia Huan-Yu , Long Jiang , Wu Chun-Tao , Wang Wen-Quan , Zhang Wu-Hu , Gao He-Li , Han Xuan , Ye Long-Yun , Lin Xuan , Xu Hua-Xiang , Yu Xian-Jun , Liu Liang 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundExtracellular traps (ETs) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells can contribute to disease progression. The clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages and related extracellular traps in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of tumor infiltration and ET formation by neutrophils and macrophages in pNETs.MethodsA total of 135 patients with radical resection of nonfunctional pNETs were analyzed retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were utilized to stain tumor tissue sections. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) of subgroups determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis was compared with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was established to predict 3-year RFS.ResultsPatients with high tumor-infiltrating neutrophils or macrophages or positive expression of neutrophils ETs or macrophage ETs displayed worse RFS (all p&lt;0.05). Moreover, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that neutrophil and macrophage infiltration and ETs were independent prognostic factors for RFS (all p&lt;0.05). A combined parameter including WHO grade, TNM stage, tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages, and neutrophil and macrophage ETs had the highest C-index (0.866) and lowest Akaike information criteria (326.557). The calibration plot of nomogram composed of the combined parameter exhibited excellent prognostic values for 3-year RFS.ConclusionsInfiltration and ETs by neutrophils and macrophages can be used as biological indicators of patient prognosis, suggesting the treatment potential for targeting those in nonfunctional pNETs.
Adiponectin/AdipoR1 Axis Promotes IL-10 Release by Human Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Ramos-Ramírez Patricia , Malmhäll Carina , Tliba Omar , Rådinger Madeleine , Bossios Apostolos 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundAdiponectin is an important immunomodulatory mediator in inflammatory conditions. While we previously showed that adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is expressed in murine regulatory T cells (Tregs), its expression in human Tregs remain unknown. Here, we examined the expression of AdipoR1 in human Tregs and whether its ligand, globular adiponectin (gAd) affects the Treg ability to secrete IL-10 and the role of Type 2 (T2) inflammation in such process.MethodsHuman Tregs from peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry for AdipoR1, Helios and IL-10 expression. CD4+ T cells enriched from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in the presence or the absence of gAd or the chemical adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoRon, or in a T2 cytokine milieu. Flow cytometry was then used to assess intracellular IL-10, IL-10 secreting cells, FOXP3 and Helios expression, and phosphorylated p38 MAP kinase (MAPK). IL-10 levels in CD4+ T cell supernatants were quantified by ELISA.ResultsWe found that a subset of human Tregs expressed AdipoR1. Importantly, more Helios- cells expressed AdipoR1 than Helios+ cells. Likewise, there was a higher frequency of IL-10+ cells within Helios- AdipoR1+ Tregs compared to Helios+ AdipoR1+ Tregs. In contrast, the IL-10 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was higher in Helios+ AdipoR1+ Tregs compared to Helios-AdipoR1+ Tregs. When human CD4+ T cells were treated with gAd or AdipoRon, a significant increase in IL-10 secretion, FOXP3 expression, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation was observed in Helios- AdipoR1+ Tregs. Interestingly, gAd under T2 cytokine milieu significantly increased the intracellular levels of IL-10, mainly in Helios+ AdipoR1+ Tregs, and IL-10 levels in supernatants of CD4+ T cells.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings suggest that adiponectin/AdipoR1 axis promotes IL-10 release by Tregs, mainly in Helios- Tregs, and the effect was amplified by T2 inflammation in Helios+ Tregs.
Diagnostic Performance of Vascular Permeability and Texture Parameters for Evaluating the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ji Wenbing , Wang Jian , Zhou Rongzhen , Wang Minke , Wang Weizhen , Pang Peipei , Kong Min , Zhou Chao 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive type of cancer, associated with poor prognosis. The development of an accurate and non-invasive method to evaluate the pathologic response of patients with ESCC to chemoradiotherapy remains a critical issue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the importance of vascular permeability and texture parameters in predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in patients with ESCC.MethodsThis prospective analysis included patients with T1–T2 stage of ESCC, without either lymphatic or metastasis, and distant metastasis. All patients underwent surgery having received two rounds of NACRT. All patients underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) twice, i.e., before the first NACRT and after the second NACRT. Patients were assessed for treatment response at 30 days after the second NACRT. Patients were divided into the complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) groups based on their responses to NACRT. Vascular permeability and texture parameters were extracted from the DCE-MRI scans. After assessing the diagnostic performance of individual parameters, a combined model with vascular permeability and texture parameters was generated to predict the response to NACRT.ResultsIn this study, the CR and PR groups included 16 patients each. The volume transfer constant (Ktrans), extracellular extravascular volume fraction (ve), and entropy values, as well as changes to each of these parameters, extracted from the second DCE-MRI scans, showed significant differences between the CR and PR groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of Ktrans, ve, and entropy values showed good diagnostic ability (0.813, 0.789, and 0.707, respectively). A logistic regression model combining Ktrans, ve, and entropy had significant diagnostic ability (AUC=0.977).ConclusionsThe use of a combined model with vascular permeability and texture parameters can improve post-NACRT prognostication in patients with ESCC.
The Value of PETRA in Pulmonary Nodules of <3 cm Among Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Feng Hui , Shi Gaofeng , Liu Hui , Du Yu , Zhang Ning , Wang Yaning 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the visibility of different subgroups of lung nodules of &lt;3 cm using the pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA) sequence on 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with that obtained using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).MethodsThe appropriate detection rate was calculated for each of the different subgroups of lung nodules of &lt;3 cm. The mean diameter of each detected nodule was determined. The detection rates and diameters of the lung nodules detected by MRI with the PETRA sequence were compared with those detected by computed tomography (CT). The sensitivity of detection for the different subgroups of pulmonary nodules was determined based on the location, size, type of nodules and morphologic characteristics. Agreement of nodule characteristics between CT and MRI were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa test.ResultsThe CT scans detected 256 lung nodules, comprising 99 solid nodules (SNs) and 157 subsolid nodules with a mean nodule diameter of 8.3 mm. For the SNs, the MRI detected 30/47 nodules of &lt;6 mm in diameter and 52/52 nodules of ≥6 mm in diameter. For the subsolid nodules, the MRI detected 30/51 nodules of &lt;6 mm in diameter and 102/106 nodules of ≥6 mm in diameter. The PETRA sequence returned a high detection rate (84%). The detection rates of SN, ground glass nodules, and PSN were 82%, 72%, and 94%, respectively. For nodules with a diameter of &gt;6 mm, the sensitivity of the PETRA sequence reached 97%, with a higher rate for nodules located in the upper lung fields than those in the middle and lower lung fields. Strong agreement was found between the CT and PETRA results (correlation coefficients = 0.97).ConclusionThe PETRA technique had high sensitivity for different type of nodule detection and enabled accurate assessment of their diameter and morphologic characteristics. It may be an effective alternative to CT as a tool for screening and follow up pulmonary nodules.
Adiponectin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Apoptosis by Regulating the Cx43/PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Liu Luqian , Yan Meijuan , Yang Rui , Qin Xuqing , Chen Ling , Li Li , Si Junqiang , Li Xinzhi , Ma Ketao 
Published: May 2021

Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is a crucial factor leading to myocardial dysfunction. Adiponectin (APN) has a cardiomyocyte-protective impact. Studies have shown that the connexin43 (Cx43) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways play an important role in the heart, but whether APN plays a protective role by regulating these pathways is unclear. Our study aimed to confirm whether APN protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and to explore whether it plays an important role through regulating the Cx43 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In addition, our research aimed to explore the relationship between the Cx43 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In vitro experiments: Before H9c2 cells were treated with LPS for 24 h, they were pre-treated with APN for 2 h. The cytotoxic effect of APN on H9c2 cells was evaluated by a CCK-8 assay. The protein levels of Bax, Bcl2, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, Cx43, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT and p-AKT were evaluated by Western blot analysis, and the apoptosis rate was evaluated by flow cytometry. APN attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by LPS. LPS upregulated Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 and downregulated Bcl2 in H9c2 cells; however, these effects were attenuated by APN. In addition, LPS upregulated Cx43 expression, and APN downregulated Cx43 expression and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. LPS induced apoptosis and inhibited PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in H9c2 cells, and these effects were attenuated by Gap26 (a Cx43 inhibitor). Moreover, the preservation of APN expression was reversed by LY294002 (a PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor). In vivo experiments: In C57BL/6J mice, a sepsis model was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS, and APN was injected into enterocoelia. The protein levels of Bax, Bcl2, cleaved caspase-3, and Cx43 were evaluated by Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect Cx43 expression and localization in myocardial tissue. LPS upregulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and downregulated Bcl2 in sepsis; however, these effects were attenuated by APN. In addition, the expression of Cx43 was upregulated in septic myocardial tissue, and APN downregulated Cx43 expression in septic myocardial tissue. In conclusion, both in vitro and in vivo, the data demonstrated that APN can protect against LPS-induced apoptosis during sepsis by modifying the Cx43 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
Chronic High Risk Prescription Opioid Use Among Persons With HIV
Authors: Ventuneac Ana , Hecht Gavriella , Forcht Emily , Duah Bianca A. , Tarar Shafaq , Langenbach Blanche , Gates Jay , Cain Demetria , Rendina H. Jonathon , Aberg Judith A. , Perlman David C. 
Published: May 2021

Persons with HIV (PWH) are a population at risk for adverse sequelae of opioid use. Yet, few studies have examined correlates of chronic high risk opioid use and its impact on HIV outcomes. Trends in prescribing patterns and identification of factors that impact the use of opioid prescriptions among PWH are crucial to determine prevention and treatment interventions. This study examined electronic medical records (EMR) of patients receiving HIV care to characterize prescribing patterns and identify risk factors for chronic high risk prescription opioid use and the impact on HIV outcomes among PWH in primary care from July 1, 2016–December 31, 2017. EMR were analyzed from 8,882 patients who were predominantly male and ethnically and racially diverse with half being 50 years of age or older. The majority of the 8,744 prescriptions (98% oral and 2% transdermal preparations) given to 1,040 (12%) patients were oxycodone (71%), 8% were morphine, 7% tramadol, 4% hydrocodone, 4% codeine, 2% fentanyl, and 4% were other opioids. The number of monthly prescriptions decreased about 14% during the study period. Bivariate analyses indicated that most demographic and clinical variables were associated with receipt of any opioid prescription. After controlling for patient socio-demographic characteristics and clinical factors, the odds of receipt of any prescription were higher among patients with pain diagnoses and opioid use and mental health disorders. In addition, the odds of receipt of high average daily morphine equivalent dose (MED) prescriptions were higher for patients with pain diagnoses. Lastly, patients with substance use disorders (SUD) had an increased likelihood of detectable viral load compared to patients with no SUD, after adjusting for known covariates. Our findings show that despite opioid prescribing guidelines and monitoring systems, additional efforts are needed to prevent chronic high risk prescriptions in patients with comorbid conditions, including pain-related, mental health and substance use disorders. Evidence about the risk for chronic high risk use based on prescribing patterns could better inform pain management and opioid prescribing practices for patients receiving HIV care.
What Does the Public Know About Varying Depression Severity?–Results of a Population Survey
Authors: Makowski Anna Christin , Härter Martin , Schomerus Georg , von dem Knesebeck Olaf 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: In this study, we examine the public’s knowledge about different levels of depression severity in Germany.Methods: Data stem from a national telephone survey in Germany. A total of 1,009 persons participated, response rate was 46.8%. A vignette was presented with signs of mild, moderate or severe depression. Participants were asked what they think the person has, which persons and services are helpful and how effective different treatment options are. Differences between the three vignettes were tested with 95% confidence intervals and χ2-tests.Results: 55.3% of the respondents identified depression as the health problem in question. Participants who heard the vignette with moderate symptomatology recognized depression more often. Across groups, a general practitioner was named most frequently concerning helpful persons/services. Effectiveness of psychotherapy received high levels of approval, online therapy and books were less often rated as effective. There were only few significant differences between the three vignettes.Conclusions: This is the first study examining public depression literacy for different severity levels. Small differences between severity levels indicate a lack of knowledge, which may have adverse consequences for adherence to treatment, especially for mild depression.
Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot, Chaenomeles superba Lindl. and Cornus mas L. Leaf Extracts as Natural Preservatives for Pork Meat Products
Authors: Efenberger-Szmechtyk Magdalena , Gałązka-Czarnecka Ilona , Otlewska Anna , Czyżowska Agata , Nowak Agnieszka 
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using Aronia melanocarpa, Chaenomeles superba, and Cornus mas leaf extracts as natural preservatives for pork meat products. Pork sausages were stored in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) (80% N2 and 20% CO2) at 4 °C for 29 days. The total psychrotrophic counts (TPC) were determined during the storage period, along with the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The extracts improved the microbial quality of the meat products but to a lesser extent than sodium nitrate (III). They reduced the amounts of Enterobacteriaceae and LAB. The A.melanocarpa leaf extract showed the strongest preservative effect. The bacterial biodiversity of the meat products was investigated based on high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Two predominant bacteria phyla were identified, Proteobacteria and Firmucutes, mostly consisting of genera Photobacterium, Brochothrix, and Carnobacterium. The extracts also influenced microbial community in sausages decreasing or increasing bacterial relative abundance. The extracts significantly inhibited lipid oxidation and improved the water-holding capacity of the meat, with C. superba extract showing the strongest influence. In addition, A. melanocarpa and C. superba improved the redness (a*) of the sausages. The results of this study show that A. melanocarpa, C. superba, and C. mas leaf extracts can extend the shelf life of meat products stored in MAP at 4 °C.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practice in Ireland: a seroprevalence study
Authors: O'Callaghan Michael E , Ryan Elizabeth , Walsh Cathal , Hayes Peter , Casey Monica , O'Dwyer Pat , Culhane Aidan , Duncan John W , Harrold Pat , Healy Jarlath , Kerin Emmet , Kelly Eimear , Hanrahan Conor , Lane Ger P , Lynch Bernie , Meaney Paraic , O'Connell Billy , Galvin Jim , Kennedy Norelee , Burke Paul , O'Connell Nuala H , Dunne Colum P , Glynn Liam G 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody testing in community settings may help us better understand the immune response to this virus and, therefore, help guide public health efforts.AimTo conduct a seroprevalence study of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in Irish GP clinics.Design & settingParticipants were 172 staff and 799 patients from 15 general practices in the Midwest region of Ireland.MethodThis seroprevalence study utilised two manufacturers’ point-of-care (POC) SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M (IgM)—IgG combined antibody tests, which were offered to patients and staff in general practice from 15 June to 10 July 2020.ResultsIgG seroprevalence was 12.6% in patients attending general practice and 11.1% in staff working in general practice, with administrative staff having the lowest seroprevalence at 2.5% and nursing staff having the highest at 17.6%. Previous symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and history of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test were associated with higher seroprevalence. IgG antibodies were detected in approximately 80% of participants who had a previous PCR-confirmed infection. Average length of time between participants’ positive PCR test and positive IgG antibody test was 83 days.ConclusionPatients and healthcare staff in general practice in Ireland had relatively high rates of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 compared with the national average between 15 June and 10 July 2020 (1.7%). Four-fifths of participants with a history of confirmed COVID-19 disease still had detectable antibodies an average of 12 weeks post-infection. While not proof of immunity, SARS-CoV-2 POC testing can be used to estimate IgG seroprevalence in general practice settings.
PENGARUH STORE ATMOSPHERE DAN PERSEPSI HARGA TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN DENGAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI PEMEDIASI (Studi Pada Warong Kobong di Kota Manado)
Authors: Bataha Elza M. , Mananeke Lisbeth , Ogi Imelda W. J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract : The research aims to review effect of Store Atmosphere and Price Perception On Consumer Buying Interest with Customer Satisfaction as a mediator on Warong Kobong in Manado. The population of the research were all customers in Warong Kobong. Sampling was carried out based on Issac Michael table 272 respondent and analysed with path analysis. The results showed that the Store Atmosphere have positive and significant impact on Consumer Buying Interest. Price Perception no significant on Consumer Buying Interest. Store Atmosphere and Price Perception have positive and significant on Consumer Satisfaction. Consumer Satisfaction have positive and significant on Consumer Buying Interest. Warong Kobong still must remain develop Price Perception to attract Consumer buying interest in Warong Kobong. Keywords: Store Atmosphere, Price Perception, Cunsomer Satisfaction, Consumer Buying Interest.
Pengaruh Brand Trust, Persepsi Konsumen Dan Saluran Distribusi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Mobil Merek Honda Di PT. Deli Kencana Medan Idk 1
Authors: Sinambela Benni Eden , Zay Frangky , Simatupang Okapril , Franzella Pinem Sony , Lawolo Yoko Alex Bio , Simbolon Viktor , Sibarani Hendra Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract : Brand trust is the main thing in purchasing decision making, and this is followed by consumer perceptions and how the process of distribution channels that consumers expect after purchasing Honda car products at the company. The research approach used is quantitative research. The population in the study was 150 respondent and using the Slovin formula obtained a sample of 109. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Methods of data collection by interview, questionnaire and documentation study. The hypothesis partially and simultaneously has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions by using a comparison of the value of tcount> ttable> and Fcount> Ftable.Abstrak: Kepercayaan merek merupakan hal yang utama dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian, dan hal tersebut diikuti dengan persepsi konsumen dan bagaimana proses saluran distribusi yang diharapkan konsumen setelah melakukan pembelian produk mobil merek Honda di perusahaan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian sebanyak 150 responden dan dengan menggunakan rumus slovin diperoleh sampel sebanyak 109. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, kusioner dan studi dokumentasi. Hipotesis secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian dengan menggunakan perbandingan nilai thitung > ttabel > dan Fhitung > Ftabel.Keywords: Brand Trust, Consumer Perception, Distribution Channels, Consumer Decisions