bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of re-election on development in India: a comparative analysis of leading and lagging states
Authors: Misra Biswa Swarup 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine political accountability to the voter in India by studying re-election patterns in 14 major states categorized as leading and lagging during the period 1952–2015.

Design/methodology/approach
This study has computed a state-wise re-election index by taking the ratio of the number of constituencies exhibiting re-election in four consecutive terms during 1952–1999 to the total number of constituencies in the state. The time-invariant re-election index as of the year 1999 is used to estimate the impact of the re-election on per capita state income during 2001–2015. This paper has used the correlated random effects estimation procedure that considers the state-specific unobserved factors while using a time-invariant regressor to ascertain the impact of re-election.

Findings
This study finds that persistent re-election does not seem to lead to better development outcomes. When this study computes the re-election index by excluding constituencies that are underdeveloped both in the economic and social spheres, this paper finds the asymmetric impact of re-election for the leading and the lagging states. The findings suggest that historical institutions in the laggings states could be driving the empirical results. The empirical findings are corroborated by the relatively poor availability of basic amenities in constituencies exhibiting persistent re-election when compared to the state average.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that the provision of re-election without term limits may need to be revisited in the lagging states for better political accountability.

Originality/value
First, the authors study the pattern of constituency-wise re-election to compute state-wise re-election index to capture persistent re-election. Second, the authors assess the development status of a constituency by mapping it to the development indicators of the district in which the constituency is located. This paper considers both economic as well social indicators of development. Third, the time-invariant nature of the re-election index helps to address reverse causality while studying the impact of re-election on development. Fourth, the authors use a novel econometric methodology to study the impact of the re-election on development given the time-invariant characteristic of the re-election index.
Prediction of unregulated energy usage in office buildings
Authors: Frimpong Emmanuel , Twumasi Elvis 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe paper presents a technique for predicting the energy consumption of unregulated energy loads (UELs) in office buildings. It also presents an approach for determining a set of optimum values required by the technique.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed technique uses the optimum power drawn and optimum usage period in three modes of device operation, for the prediction. The usage modes are active mode, idle (low active) mode and off mode. The optimum powers and usage times are inserted into a linear mathematical equation to predict the energy consumption. Regarding the approach for determining the optimum values, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is applied to a range of values obtained from field measurements. The proposed prediction method and approach for determining optimum values were tested using data of energy consumption of UELs in a case study facility.FindingsTest results show that the method for predicting the energy consumption of UELs in offices is highly accurate and suitable for adoption by energy modelers, building designers and building regulatory agencies. The approach for determining the optimum values is also effective and can aid the establishment of workable benchmark values.Originality/valueA new and simple model has been developed for the prediction of unregulated energy. A method for determining a set of optimum values of power and usage periods required by the model has also been developed. Furthermore, optimum values have been suggested that can be fine-tuned for use as benchmark values. The proposed approaches are the first of their kind.
Impact of economic growth on carbon emissions in selected West African countries, 1980–2019
Authors: Osadume Richard , University Edih O. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis study investigated the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions on selected West African countries between 1980 and 2019. Simon-Steinmann's economic growth model provides the relevant theoretical foundation. The main objective of this study was to ascertain whether economic growth will impact carbon emissions.Design/methodology/approachThe study selected six-sample countries in West Africa and used secondary data obtained through the World Bank Group online database covering the period 1980–2019, employing panel econometric methods of statistical analysis.FindingsThe outcome indicates that the independent variable showed a positively significant impact on the dependent variable for the pooled samples in the short-run, with significant cointegration.Research limitations/implicationsThe study concluded that economic growth significantly impacts the emissions of carbon, and a 1% rise in economic growth will result to 3.11121% unit rise in carbon emissions.Practical implicationsPolicy implementation should encourage the use of energy efficient facilities by firms and government and the establishment of carbon trading hubs.Social implicationsFailure by governments to heed the recommendations of this research will result to serious climate change issues on economic activities with attendant consequences on human health within the region and globally.Originality/valueThis is one of the comprehensive works on subject covering the West African region within the continent.
Mental health innovative solutions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rocha André , Almeida Fernando 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explore worldwide innovative solutions that have been proposed to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on people’s mental health.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative methodology is adopted, which performs an exploratory study considering the innovative projects identified by the Observatory for Public Sector Innovation framework. Additionally, the analysis of the relevance and characteristics of these projects are explored considering a multidimensional framework composed of five dimensions: novelty level; social need; improvement of society; sector neutrality; and level of emergence.

Findings
The findings reveal that the number of projects in the field of mental health is low, despite their strong relevance to their communities. These projects arise from a strong social need to protect especially the most vulnerable groups in this pandemic and involve a large number of partners in the public sector, business and civil society. The role of volunteering in the revitalization and growth of these initiatives is also recognized.

Originality/value
This study is relevant in both the theoretical and practical dimensions. It allows the exploration of these projects considering the dimensions of social innovation and offers practical implications that allow these projects to be replicated in other countries and regions.
Design-driven innovation: exploring new product development in the home appliances and furniture industry
Authors: Conti Emanuela , Chiarini Andrea 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the phases of new product development within the design-driven innovation (DDI) process, the role of designers and collaborators in the process and how this process relates to some quality principles.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a qualitative approach using Gioia methodology. In particular, four Italian manufacturing companies in the home appliances and furniture industry were selected, and data mainly collected through direct interviews were analysed through content analysis.FindingsThe new product development related to DDI includes the following phases: the company brief, the designer research, the concept of the designer, the design, legal protection, prototyping, production and the market launch. Designers play a strategic role in the above phases of DDI, but other actors also cooperate and some quality principles affect positively on the process. This study proposes a model for a DDI process in the home appliances and furniture sector.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this exploratory study was conducted on only four companies, it advances the DDI research in relation to new product development.Practical implicationsThis study makes recommendations to entrepreneurs and managers on how to innovate successfully and to effectively manage designers and collaborators to ensure competition.Social implicationsThis analysis highlights that design-based innovation contributes to improving the quality of life of consumers.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first qualitative study to examine the phases of new product development in DDI process, the actors involved and relationship to quality principles for the Italian home appliances and furniture sector.
The role of social media in strengthening civic engagement in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Ahmed Allam , Gibreel Omer 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis article explores the current trends in civic engagement in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region after a decade of social media growth in the region.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is based on a case studies approach. In these case studies, the authors use an exploratory approach to case study research. The authors employ a mixed-method approach to exploring the development of civic engagement in the MENA region.FindingsThe study’s finding shows that the MENA region's social media growth has enabled digital natives to play a vital role in enriching and empowering their communities and their lives.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper could have explored more examples from around the MENA region.Practical implicationsThe paper's practical significance is the understanding that the ground is shifting around Internet access and how digital natives in the MENA region are employing it for their civic engagement initiative. It is an important indication that the MENA region's next innovation could be in the civic engagement arena. Unlike their parents, who are digital immigrants, these young and energetic digital natives are out to shape all aspects of their lives. Paving the way for more innovative and creative ways of civic engagement in the MENA region.Originality/valueThe paper explores civic engagement development in the MENA region, shedding light on the issues concerning MENA region youth such as cleaning the environment, waste and food recycling, combating extremism, developing education curricula and even promoting peace. The paper's value is that it gives an update on civic engagement in the MENA region.
Interrelationship of soil moisture and temperature to sylvatic plague cycle among prairie dogs in the Western United States
Authors: PAULING Cassandra D. , FINKE Deborah L. , ANDERSON Deborah M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPlague, caused by Yersinia pestis, is a flea‐borne disease that is endemic in areas throughout the world due to its successful maintenance in a sylvatic cycle, mainly in areas with temperate climates. Burrowing rodents are thought to play a key role in the enzootic maintenance as well as epizootic outbreaks of plague. In the United States, prairie dogs (Cynomys), rodents (Muridae), and ground squirrels (Spermophilus) are susceptible to infection and are parasitized by fleas that transmit plague. In particular, prairie dogs can experience outbreaks that rapidly spread, which can lead to extirpation of colonies. A number of ecological parameters, including climate, are associated with these epizootics. In this study, we asked whether soil parameters, primarily moisture and temperature, are associated with outbreaks of plague in black‐tailed prairie dogs and Gunnison's prairie dogs in the Western United States, and at what depth these associations were apparent. We collected publicly available county‐level information on the occurrence of population declines or colony extirpation, while historical soil data was collected from SCAN and USCRN stations in counties and states where prairie dogs have been located. The analysis suggests that soil moisture at lower depths correlates with colony die‐offs, in addition to temperature near the surface, with key differences within the landscape ecology that impact the occurrence of plague. Overall, the model suggests that the burrow environment may play a significant role in the epizootic spread of disease amongst black‐tailed and Gunnison's prairie dogs.
Luku Alkali Syenite in the Hongge Ore District, SW China: Geochemistry, Geochronology and Metallogenic Significance
Authors: ZHOU Jiayun , LIU Yingdong , XU Li , ZHU Zhimin , GONG Daxing , JIANG Xiaoli 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLuku alkali syenite is distributed throughout the southern end of the Hongge basic‐ultrabasic intrusion in Panzhihua, Sichuan, SW China. Using LA‐ICP‐MS, the alkali syenite intrusion yielded a zircon U‐Pb age of 264.5 ± 1.6 Ma, concordant with the ages of the E'meishan large igneous province (260 Ma). The intrusion displayed silica‐saturated, Al‐adequate and alkali‐rich signatures, with SiO2 62.07%–64.04%, Al2O3 16.26%–16.79% and Na2O + K2O 9.17%–9.91% (averaging 9.31%). The rock falls into the alkaline zone on the SiO2‐A.R. diagram, as well as in the potassium zone on the K2O‐Na2O diagram, indicating a potassium alkaline rock. The rock has a low total REE concentration and showed enrichment in LREE (LREE/HREE = 7.06–7.95), typical negative Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.73–0.80), trace element deficiencies in LILEs (Ba, K, Sr, Zr) and enrichment in HFSEs (Th, U, Nd, Sm, Ta and Nb), displaying crust and mantle element information. Zircons show a strong positive Ce anomaly and negative Eu anomaly, similar to the characteristics of crustal source magmatic zircon, however the (Lu/Gd)N ratio ranges from 1.48 to 3.17, and the (Yb/Sm)N ratio ranges from 38.49 to 77.15, which are similar to the characteristics of mantle‐derived magmatic zircon. In the La/Yb‐δEu correlation diagram, the data plots near the boundary between crust type and crust‐mantle type. From the combined ‘trinity’ spatiotemporal relationship of Indosinian intermediate‐acid alkali intrusive rocks in the Panxi area with E'meishan basalt and basic‐ultrabasic intrusive rocks, the regional tectonic evolution and the partial melting model of the most intraplate magma sources, we believe that the Luku alkali syenite in Sichuan was formed from the partial melting of a crust‐mantle source material, due to underplating of the mantle plume basic magma.
Geochronology and Geochemistry of Late Triassic Intrusive Rocks in the Xiuyan Area, Liaodong Peninsula, Eastern North China Craton: Petrogenesis and Implications for Lithospheric Thinning
Authors: ZHANG Yanfei , DONG Yang , XIAO Rongge , LIU Jingdang , ZHAO Baoju 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe timing and mechanisms of lithospheric thinning and destruction of the North China Craton (NCC) remain controversial, and the overall geodynamics of the process are poorly understood. This paper documents Late Triassic igneous rocks including monzogranite, gabbro, and diorite from the Xiuyan District on the Liaodong Peninsula in the eastern NCC, which have LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb ages of 229.0 ± 0.4 Ma, 216.2 ± 0.9 Ma, and 210.6 ± 2.0 Ma, respectively. Monzogranite shows high‐SiO2adakite affinity, negative∊Hf(t) values (–20.6 to –17.9), and oldTDM2ages (3.53–3.29 Ga), suggesting that their parental magma was derived from thickened Paleoarchean mafic lower crust and minor mantle materials that were also involved their generation. Gabbro is ultrapotassic, strongly enriched in LREEs and LILEs, depleted in HFSEs, and has evolved zircon Hf isotopes with negative∊Hfof –10.04 to –5.85 and oldTDM2ages (2.59 –2.22 Ga). These are diagnostic signatures of a crustal component, but their high contents of MgO, Cr, Co, Ni indicate that the primary magma originated from enriched mantle. Diorite is enriched in LILEs and LREEs, depleted in HFSEs (with negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies), and contains negative∊Hf(t) values (–13.64 to –11.01). Compared with the gabbro, the diorite is relatively enriched in Nb, Ta and HREEs, and also contains youngerTDM2ages (2.11–1.94 Ga), suggesting that the diorite was formed by mixing between ancient lower crust‐derived felsic magmas and asthenospheric mantle‐derived magmas. Field observations, geochronology, geochemistry, and zircon Lu‐Hf isotopes indicate that Late Triassic magmatism and tectonic activity resulted from deep subduction of the Yangtze Craton beneath the NCC in the Xiuyan area. This phase of tectonic activity was completed in the eastern NCC by the Late Triassic (216 Ma), and was subsequently followed by lithospheric thinning that began in the Late Triassic.
Strengthening protection of endemic wildlife threatened by the international pet trade: The case of the Australian shingleback lizard
Authors: Heinrich S. , Toomes A. , Shepherd C. R. , Stringham O. C. , Swan M. , Cassey P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnsustainable wildlife trade threatens an increasing number of species globally. Australia has a particularly rich and endemic herpetofauna, which is coveted on the international pet market. While Australia implements domestic protection of most of its native species, there is little to no regulation of international trade once live animals have been smuggled out of the country. This is a threat for a variety of rare, unique and/or range‐restricted species, subspecies and locality morphs. One of these species is the shingleback lizard (Tiliqua rugosa).We compiled Australian seizure data and international online trade data pertaining to shinglebacks. We found all four subspecies in trade across Asia, Europe and North America. Here we provide evidence that all four shingleback subspecies are illegally extracted from the wild in Australia and smuggled to international destinations, where they are sold and distributed globally.While shinglebacks are a protected species in Australia and can only be exported legally under a federal permit, their import into, and trade between, other countries is often not illegal, even in the absence of such a permit. These contradictory legal frameworks apply to the majority of nationally protected native fauna and must be addressed by each importing country on an individual basis; that is, by changing their legislation to cover and protect species that are nationally protected in their native range. Meanwhile, however, we argue that listingT. rugosain Appendix III of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora is a meaningful way to provide other countries with the legal means to confiscate illegally exported shinglebacks from Australia. Our findings and recommendations are directly relevant for potential future Appendix III consideration of other nationally protected species that are found in international trade.
De‐Naturalizing the Novice: A Critique of the Theory of Language Socialization
Authors: Berman Elise , Smith Benjamin 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis article critiques the concept “novice” in the language socialization paradigm. Although rarely theorized, the concept “novice” has framed what is seen as an event of language socialization: it must include at least one person who has not yet acquired some socially valuable characteristic or skill. Conversely, we propose that novicehood is not a natural category: agents who appear as “novices” only do so relative to ideological worlds in which they are made to appear relatively incapable. We then go on to consider three consequences of this reformulation: agents and objects of socialization do not have to be human, socialization does not necessarily lead “upward” towards expertise, and the linguistic mediation of these processes does not always summon agents towards maturity. This critique leads us to propose a theory that both includes a broader range of socializable agents and connects socialization to questions of power and exclusion. [language socialization, novice, ideology, life course, race]
Liminality (Re‐)Realized in the Psychedelic Rave
Authors: Kyriakopoulos Leandros 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARYThe literature concerning rave parties uses Victor Turner’s concept of liminality to consider the hours‐long dancing to electronic dance music as a state of ambiguity that potentializes sociopolitical change. Liminality seemingly corresponds to the performances in question since they entail a serious play with stimulants and hallucinogens. Yet, what if the experiences unfolding within the rave space circuses are not exclusive to the event but rather circulate as images and fantasy echoing the fables of modernity? The article traces manifestations of the journey—a crucial narrative in the psychedelic rave—to situate the event in our techno‐mediated worlds. In light of how designer drug experiences multiply in different social settings, the mobility to dreamworlds in exotic destinations prompts me to question whether liminality creates the space for “transformational experiences.” Instead, I examine how it reifies the modern ideals of adventurous traveling, aesthetic intimacy, and individualized self‐discovery, resonating an oncoming modernity.
Outpatient Foley catheter induction protocol provides clinical and cost benefits
Authors: Washburn Mary C. , Washburn Mark , Hong Christina , Roth Patrick , Richter Paula 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundObstetric induction procedures are expensive, and little is known of the specific difference in cost between inpatient and outpatient protocols for these procedures.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the difference in health care costs, maternal and neonatal morbidity, and cesarean birth rates for inpatient versus outpatient Foley induction protocols.Material and methodsWe conducted a retrospective study using deliveries from 2013 to 2015 that received an outpatient or inpatient Foley catheter induction. Inductions were matched by race, parity, and maternal age. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression to test the association between type of induction, length of stay, and cost. Maternal and neonatal factors and cesarean rates were also considered.ResultsA total of 163 outpatient Foley inductions were matched 1:1 to inpatient inductions. Outpatient inductions were more likely to have a shorter length of hospitalization from admission to discharge (a 7.17‐hour difference, 95% CI, 71.00, 77.59) and lower costs of hospitalization ($408 per patient, 95% CI, 4305, 4714). In the univariate analysis, there was no difference in rate of cesarean birth (OR 0.95, 95% CI, 0.61, 1.48). However, in the multivariate analysis, there was a decreased rate of cesarean for outpatient inductions (OR 0.5, 95% CI, 0.26, 0.97).ConclusionsOutpatient Foley catheter induction appears to be a safe, cost‐effective method for induction of labor. Generating protocols allowing patients to receive quality care in an outpatient setting is increasingly important in current health care environments.