bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Wide Suture Suspension Platysmaplasty, a revised technique for neck rejuvenation: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Robenpour Manoocher , Fuchs Orenbach Shir , Hadash‐Bengad Reut , Robenpour Ophir , Heller Lior 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundRestoration of an esthetic neck contour is an integral component of facial rejuvenation. The corset platysmaplasty and the suture suspension neck lift were introduced by Feldman in 1990 and by Giampapa in 1995, respectively. Both techniques are routinely used in current practice with satisfactory and long‐lasting results. However, some patients who have undergone the suture suspension platysmaplasty report long‐term discomfort, excessive neck tightening, and recurrence of deformity.ObjectiveTo achieve an improvement in the Cervicomental (CM) angle and other parameters in patients with a difficult neck and to reduce the probability of long‐term discomfort, excessive neck tightening, and a recurrence of deformity. The author developed a new technique that includes a very wide suture suspension with no interlocking. We hereby present a revised suture suspension technique—The Wide Suture Suspension Platysmaplasty.MethodsBetween the years 2015 and 2017, the senior author performed 286 face and neck rejuvenation surgeries with or without blepharoplasty. Of these cases, 35 patients with a heavy neck were chosen for the new Wide Suture Suspension Technique. This was a single surgeon retrospective cohort study. Patients were photographed in a lateral view preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Pre‐ and postoperative photographs were compared in four measured parameters: the cervicomental angle, the jowl angle, the horizontal distance between the mentum and the cervicomental angle and the vertical distance between the mentum and the cervicomental angle.ResultsThe Wide Suture Suspension Platysmaplasty resulted in pleasing esthetics, with minimal complications in patients with difficult necks. The cervicomental angle decreased by 42° (P < .0001), the jowl angle increased by 12° (P < .0001), the horizontal distance between the mentum and the cervicomental angle rose by 12.4% and the vertical distance between the mentum and the cervicomental angle was reduced by 34.5%.ConclusionThe Wide Suture Suspension Platysmaplasty resulted in improved esthetics, as demonstrated by objective measurements. None of the patients in this series had any secondary intervention during the follow‐up period. Particularly in the case of a difficult neck, surgeons should consider this technique.
Poor long‐term prognosis in patients admitted with strong suspicion of acute myocardial infarction but discharged with another diagnosis
Authors: Lindahl B. , Ljung L. , Herlitz J. , Alfredsson J. , Erlinge D. , Kellerth T. , Omerovic E. , Ravn‐Fischer A. , Sparv D. , Yndigegn T. , Svensson P. , Östlund O. , Jernberg T. , James S. K. , Hofmann R. ,   for the DETO2X‐SWEDEHEART Investigators
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundCharacteristics and prognosis of patients admitted with strong suspicion of myocardial infarction (MI) but discharged without an MI diagnosis are not well‐described.ObjectivesTo compare background characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes in patients discharged with or without MI diagnosis.MethodsThe DETermination of the role of Oxygen in suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction (DETO2X‐AMI) trial compared 6629 patients with strong suspicion of MI randomized to oxygen or ambient air. The main composite end‐point of this subgroup analysis was the incidence of all‐cause death, rehospitalization with MI, heart failure (HF) or stroke during a follow‐up of 2.1 years (median; range: 1–3.7 years) irrespective of randomized treatment.Results1619 (24%) received a non‐MI discharge diagnosis, and 5010 patients (76%) were diagnosed with MI. Groups were similar in age, but non‐MI patients were more commonly female and had more comorbidities. At thirty days, the incidence of the composite end‐point was 2.8% (45 of 1619) in non‐MI patients, compared to 5.0% (250 of 5010) in MI patients with lower incidences in all individual end‐points. However, for the long‐term follow‐up, the incidence of the composite end‐point increased in the non‐MI patients to 17.7% (286 of 1619) as compared to 16.0% (804 of 5010) in MI patients, mainly driven by a higher incidence of all‐cause death, stroke and HF.ConclusionsPatients admitted with a strong suspicion of MI but discharged with another diagnosis had more favourable outcomes in the short‐term perspective, but from one year onwards, cardiovascular outcomes and death deteriorated to a worse long‐term prognosis.
Can supervisor support improve daily employee well‐being? Evidence of supervisor training effectiveness in a study of veteran employee emotions
Authors: Mohr Cynthia D. , Hammer Leslie B. , Brady Jacquelyn M. , Perry MacKenna L. , Bodner Todd 
Published: February 2021

Workplace supportive supervisor interventions offer an effective, though underutilized mechanism to bolster employee well‐being, which may have important benefits particularly for understudied groups such as military veterans in the civilian workforce. The present study employed a two‐wave daily diary study to test the effectiveness of a supportive supervisor training on positive and negative emotions of veteran employees. Daily diaries are instrumental to understanding well‐being, in that they accurately capture emotions as they are experienced without retrospective biases that reflect more global emotional assessments. Each wave (baseline and 6 months later) comprised emotion reports over 32‐day periods. Thirty‐five organizations were randomized into intervention and control groups; 144 veterans (91% men) participated in the daily diaries at baseline. The training significantly improved well‐being facets including improvements in unactivated positive (i.e., calm) emotions at follow‐up. Two significant moderation effects were also revealed for PTSD screening. For veteran employees with positive PTSD screens, the intervention functioned to reduce negative emotions. For those employees with negative PTSD screens, the intervention enhanced positive emotions. Our work highlights the benefit of workplace supervisor support to positive and negative employee mood.Practitioner points

Our supervisor support training represents an evidence‐based programme that improves employee positive emotions.

Positive emotions were increased among veterans who did not screen positive for PTSD (i.e., most veterans).

Veterans with positive PTSD screens may benefit from enhanced supervisor support resulting in a reduction of negative emotions, providing supportive evidence for supervisor mental health awareness training.
Consumer noticeability of performance differences in battery powered devices
Authors: Dempsey Nancy , Iveson Raymond 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn U.S. households alone, approximately 1.1 billion devices are powered by disposable, primary (single‐use) batteries. About one‐third of these devices are driven by constant resistance (cR) electronics whereby the performance of these devices is dependent on the load voltage provided by the battery, unlike constant current (cI) and constant power (cP) devices where device performance is regulated electronically to be largely similar throughout the life of the battery and regardless of the load voltage provided by the battery. Performance signals provided by cR devices can include movement (as with motorized toys), vibration (as with toothbrushes and grooming devices), light intensity (as with flashlights), and sound (as with a multitude of devices). In typical cR devices, performance signals will change and decrease as battery load voltage decreases. This exploratory study demonstrated that typical users of cR devices were able to perceive decreasing performance of a variety of cR devices as battery load voltage decreased. Furthermore, data acquired from panelists regarding likelihood of changing batteries due to decreased device performance suggests that consumers were prone to battery changeout at a performance threshold above the electronic/device cutoff in cR devices.Practical applicationsThe results of the present work showed that untrained, naive panelists could determine performance differences in cR devices supplied with varying load voltage and suggests consumers may be willing to sacrifice battery longevity for device performance in devices where the performance varies with the state of battery power supply. These data could provide important guidance to device manufacturers (OEMS; Original Equipment Manufacturers) for design of less variably performing cR devices and to battery manufacturers for design of batteries with higher running voltages. Most importantly, the results of this study suggest that both battery and device manufacturers should focus on balancing between better device performance and longer device‐battery service life for cR devices rather than singular focus on device‐battery service life. Although placed in the United States, the methodology and results could have implications for both battery and cR device design globally.
Mates Matter: Gametophyte Kinship Recognition and Inbreeding in the Giant Kelp,Macrocystispyrifera(Laminariales, Phaeophyceae)
Authors: Camus Carolina , Solas Maribel , Martínez Camila , Vargas Jaime , Garcés Cristóbal , Gil‐Kodaka Patricia , Ladah Lydia B. , Serrão Ester A. , Faugeron Sylvain 
Published: February 2021

Inbreeding, the mating between genetically related individuals, often results in reduced survival and fecundity of offspring, relative to outcrossing. Yet, high inbreeding rates are commonly observed in seaweeds, suggesting compensatory reproductive traits may affect the costs and benefits of the mating system. We experimentally manipulated inbreeding levels in controlled crossing experiments, using gametophytes from 19 populations of Macrocystis pyrifera along its Eastern Pacific coastal distribution (EPC). The objective was to investigate the effects of male–female kinship on female fecundity and fertility, to estimate inbreeding depression in the F1 progeny, and to assess the variability of these effects among different regions and habitats of the EPC. Results revealed that the presence and kinship of males had a significant effect on fecundity and fertility of female gametophytes. Females left alone or in the presence of sibling males express the highest gametophyte size, number, and size of oogonia, suggesting they were able to sense the presence and the identity of their mates before gamete contact. The opposite trend was observed for the production of embryos per female gametes, indicating higher costs of selfing and parthenogenesis than outcrossing on fertility. However, the increased fecundity compensated for the reduced fertility, leading to a stable overall reproductive output. Inbreeding also affected morphological traits of juvenile sporophytes, but not their heatwave tolerance. The male–female kinship effect was stronger in high‐latitude populations, suggesting that females from low‐latitude marginal populations might have evolved to mate with any male gamete to guarantee reproductive success.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous continuous rate infusion and repeated intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine in standing horses
Authors: Shane Sarah E. , Langston Vernon C. , Wills Robert W. , Denney William S. , Knych Heather , Fontenot Robin L. , Meyer Robert E. , Natalini Claudio C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn ideal dexmedetomidine protocol has yet to be determined for standing sedation in horses. It was hypothesized that an IV bolus followed by CRI dexmedetomidine would have a quicker increase in plasma concentrations compared with repeated IM injections. In a crossover design, eight adult, female horses were randomly placed into two groups: the CRI group (IV bolus dexmedetomidine at 0.005 mg/kg followed by a CRI at 0.01 mg/kg/h for 15 min then 0.005 mg/kg/h for 60 min) and the IM group (dexmedetomidine at 0.01 mg/kg, followed by 0.005 mg/kg in 30‐min intervals for 60 min). Clearance and elimination half‐life were 134 ± 67.4 ml/kg/min and 44.3 ± 26.3 min, respectively, in the CRI group, and apparent clearance and half‐life were 412 ± 306 ml/kg/min (Cl/F) and 38.9 ± 18.6 min, respectively, in the IM group. Analgesia was evaluated using mechanical pressure threshold. Intravenous dexmedetomidine produced faster onset of sedation and increased pressure threshold compared with IM administration. Individual horses had a large variability in dexmedetomidine plasma concentrations between CRI and IM administration. The odds of a decreased GI motility following IV administration was 12.34 times greater compared with IM administration.
Diel rhythmicity of alcohol‐induced intoxication in the honeybee workers
Authors: Miler K. , Opalek M. , Ostap‐Chec M. , Stec D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAmong the honeybee workers, extranidal foragers are more rhythmic in their diel activity and more likely to encounter alcohol than intranidal nurses. Foragers are more active and potentially exposed to alcohol during the day, while nurses work around the clock and probably never encounter alcohol. Here, we took advantage of these differences and checked for a connection between the effects of alcohol and period of the day. We hypothesized that foragers would show higher intoxication resistance to alcohol than nurses during the day. Furthermore, we hypothesized that only in foragers the intoxication resistance to alcohol would be different between day and night. We detected higher intoxication resistance to alcohol in older, forager‐age bees, than in younger, nurse‐age bees during the day, which confirmed the first hypothesis. However, the intoxication resistance differed between day and night in both worker types, which provided no support for the second hypothesis. Surprisingly, we found the intoxication resistance to be highest during the night in both types of workers. Reported differences in the intoxication resistance showed no relation to differences in alcohol absorption between day and night, thus the exact mechanistic explanation for the diel oscillation in alcohol influence on bees remained unclear.
Assessing the role of competitive processes in mediating the range expansions of tropical vagrant fish
Authors: Taylor Thomas , Figueira Will F. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate change is promoting fast poleward expansion in many tropical marine fish species. With projected increases in sea surface temperatures, there is significant scope for increased range expansions in the future. However, the strength and consequences of density‐driven competitive interactions between vagrant and resident fishes are largely unknown. Here, we investigate how the density effects resulting from the addition of tropical fishes to temperate assemblages may alter patterns of habitat and behaviour usage by both tropical vagrant and temperate resident species. We explore these impacts for two ecologically similar (diet, habitat and behaviour) pairs of vagrant and resident species (the territorial species Stegastes gascoynei and Parma microlepis, and the shoaling species Abudefduf vaigiensis and Atypichthys strigatus, respectively). We compare situations where the other member of each of these ecological pairs was present or absent. There was a shift in the type and structural complexity of habitat occupied, with all species displaying some characteristics of occupying seemingly less‐preferred habitats in the presence of their pair species than without them. Behavioural effects were only apparent for the territorial species, which had altered feeding and vigilance patterns in the presence of their pair. These data indicate that the increased density of ecologically similar fish which results from the annual arrival of vagrant fishes is likely driving shifts away from optimal habitat usage and alterations in activity of both residents and vagrants, suggesting resource competition. The degree to which this competition was evident depended on the life history of the species, being stronger for the more territorial species. While similar research on additional species would be required to determine to what degree these results could be generalised to other territorial or shoaling species, this work suggests to highlight the important role that competition will play in determining both the ability of the vagrant species to become established within temperate communities, as well as the impact they may have once they have done so.
Could coexistence of open‐source and proprietary platforms be an equilibrium outcome?
Authors: Chou Chung‐Hui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCoexistence of open‐source (OS) and proprietary (PP) platforms observed in several industries motivates us to study the equilibrium structure of a two‐sided market when platforms can commit to OS strategically. This paper considers a symmetric market with simultaneous arrival of content providers and hardware users, and discovers that coexistence of OS and PP platforms is the unique equilibrium outcome in which the PP platform prefers to commit to a license fee before hardware price competition. The above result delivers three contributions to the literature of two‐sided markets. First, the OS platform owns more content provision, but gets a smaller share in the hardware device market. Second, OS commitments may induce coexistence of asymmetric platforms as well as network size or price commitments do which were presented in literature. Third, social welfare increases with the numbers of OS platforms; whereas consumers’ surplus decreases with them.
Mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, and chronology of the Murrili (H5) meteorite fall: The third recovered fall from the Desert Fireball Network
Authors: Anderson S. , Benedix G. K. , Forman L. V. , Daly L. , Greenwood R. C. , Franchi I. A. , Friedrich J. M. , Macke R. , Wiggins S. , Britt D. , Cadogan J. M. , Meier M. M. M. , Maden C. , Busemann H. , Welten K. C. , Caffee M. W. , Jourdan F. , Mayers C. , Kennedy T. , Godel B. , Esteban L. , Merigot K. , Bevan A. W. R. , Bland P. A. , Paxman J. , Towner M. C. , Cupak M. , Sansom E. K. , Howie R. , Devillepoix H. , Jansen‐Sturgeon T. , Stuart D. , Strangway D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMurrili, the third meteorite recovered by the Desert Fireball Network, is analyzed using mineralogy, oxygen isotopes, bulk chemistry, physical properties, noble gases, and cosmogenic radionuclides. The modal mineralogy, bulk chemistry, magnetic susceptibility, physical properties, and oxygen isotopes of Murrili point to it being an H5 ordinary chondrite. It is heterogeneously shocked (S2–S5), depending on the method used to determine it, although Murrili is not obviously brecciated in texture. Cosmogenic radionuclides yield a cosmic ray exposure age of 6–8 Ma, and a pre‐atmospheric meteoroid size of 15–20 cm in radius. Murrili’s fall and subsequent month‐long embedment into the salt lake Kati Thanda significantly altered the whole rock, evident in its Mössbauer spectra, and visual inspection of cut sections. Murrili may have experienced minor, but subsequent, impacts after its formation 4475.3 ± 2.3 Ma, which left it heterogeneously shocked.
Reimagining Mathematics: The Role of Mental Imagery in Explaining Mathematical Calculation Skills in Childhood
Authors: Bates Kathryn E. , Gilligan‐Lee Katie , Farran Emily K. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTEvidence for associations between spatial skills and mathematics has led to the argument that spatial visualization plays a role in mathematical calculation. However, there is no single accepted definition of what spatial visualization encompasses. Here, we investigated spatial visualization in the context of a mental imagery framework. We applied a component model of mental imagery, involving image generation, image maintenance, image transformation (measured using mental rotation), and image scanning, to determine associations between each component and mathematical calculation ability in primary school children (N = 92, age 6–11 years). We found that, after accounting for age, only mental rotation explained significant variation in mathematical calculation. Our findings advance theoretical understanding by demonstrating that spatial visualization definitions, applied to mathematics, should be refined to focus on transformation. This highlights the practical implication that transformation strategies are promising targets for future intervention work, rather than broad visualization strategies.
Active learning method for risk assessment of distributed infrastructure systems
Authors: Tomar Agam , Burton Henry V. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEvent‐based methods are commonly used to assess the risk to distributed infrastructure systems. Stochastic event‐based methods consider all hazard scenarios that could adversely impact the infrastructure and their associated rates of occurrence. However, in many cases, such a comprehensive consideration of the spectrum of possible events requires high computational effort. This study presents an active learning method for selecting a subset of hazard scenarios for infrastructure risk assessment. Active learning enables the efficient training of a Gaussian process predictive model by choosing the data from which it learns. The method is illustrated with a case study of the Napa water distribution system where a risk‐based assessment of the post‐earthquake functional loss and recovery is performed. A subset of earthquake scenarios is sequentially selected using a variance reduction stopping criterion. The full probability distribution and annual exceedance curves of the network performance metrics are shown to be reasonably estimated.
Strandings provide insight into social group structure of Atlantic white‐sided dolphins
Authors: Pugliares‐Bonner Katie R. , LaSpina Kate , Rose Kathryn S. , Travis Steven E. , Cammen Kristina M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAtlantic white‐sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) are highly social odontocetes with a poorly understood tendency to mass strand. With limited capacity to study social ecology in the open ocean, mass strandings provide an opportunity to improve our understanding of group structure. Our study of 32 mass stranding events that occurred on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, between 1999 and 2009 identifies aspects of social ecology that vary across the year. A greater number of mass stranding events occurred outside of the breeding season and there was evidence of age‐structuring during the breeding season. We find generally low average intragroup pairwise relatedness assessed across eight microsatellite loci in a subset of 16 mass stranding events. Mass stranded groups do not show higher than expected relatedness when compared to a baseline estimate derived from single‐stranded individuals. Overall, our integration of genetic estimates of relatedness with data on sex and maturity‐class from stranded specimens suggests that Atlantic white‐sided dolphins fall near the more fluid end of the continuum from short‐term, highly fluid social associations to long‐term, stable groups represented among the odontocetes. Despite their tendency to mass strand, stable, kin‐based associations are not a defining feature of social group structure in this species.