bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary immune response to blood group antigens in burned children
Authors: Bacon N. , Patten E. , Vincent J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) are generally attributed to an anamnestic immune response. Case reports of DHTRs due to a primary immune response are rare. Transfusion reactions occurring in patients on the pediatric burn unit from 1981 to September 1988 were reviewed, and additional information was obtained for patients for whom a DHTR was documented. Of 62 transfusion reactions, 11 were classified as a primary immune response (DHTR), with either a positive antibody screen, a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT), or both. None of the 11 patients included in the study had been previously transfused or pregnant. The average number of units transfused prior to antibody identification was 19. The average time elapsed between the first transfusion and antibody identification was 3.6 weeks. Anti-K and anti-E were the most frequently identified. Three patients had a decrease in hemoglobin (average 1.5 g/dL) and hematocrit at the time that a positive DAT was detected. Such changes could not be demonstrated for the remaining eight patients. The conclusion was that a DHTR may be caused by a primary immune response in burned children more often than expected, but DHTR signs and symptoms are often not apparent due to the complications of burn trauma.
Immunohematology
1991;1:8–11.
The sensitivity of antibody detection testing using pooled versus unpooled reagent red cells
Authors: Shulman I.A. , Nakayama R. , Calderon C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Because the sensitivity of antibody detection testing may be reduced when pooled reagent red blood cells (RBCs) are used, the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) prohibits the use of pooled reagent RBCs when performing pretransfusion antibody detection testing. This restriction imposed upon the use of pooled reagent RBCs is based, at least in part, on the belief that pooled reagent RBCs are less likely to detect clinically significant antibodies than are sets of unpooled reagent RBCs. Little data, however, have been published to support this contention. In the present study, the data show a decreased sensitivity for antibody detection when pooled reagent RBCs are used. This reduced sensitivity could result in failure to detect some clinically significant RBC alloantibodies, which might result in the occurrence of overt hemolytic transfusion reactions, especially if an indirect antiglobulin test is not performed at the time blood is crossmatched.
Immunobematology
1991;1:16–19.
Phosphatidylinositol-linked red blood cell membrane proteins and blood group antigens
Authors: Telen M.J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A new class of membrane proteins has recently been described. Unlike integral membrane proteins, which traverse the membrane with one or more hydrophobic peptide domains, the peptide domains of these more newly described proteins are entirely extracellular and are anchored to the cell membrane via a phosphatidylinositol-glycan (GPI) anchor. Erythrocyte membrane proteins of this class include proteins with diverse functions; several, however, are complement regulatory proteins. Moreover, it is the lack of expression of GPI-anchored proteins that is responsible for manifestations of the acquired hematologic disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Recently, several investigators have also demonstrated that a number of erythrocyte blood group antigens reside on this class of proteins. These antigens include those of the Cromer blood group, JMH, Holley/Gregory, Cartwright, and Dombrock. The biochemical basis for the Cromer, JMH, and Holley/Gregory antigens have so far been partly delineated.
Immunohematology
1991;7:65–72.
Antibody detection using pooled sera and a solid phase system
Authors: Beck M.L. , Hardman J.T. , Briseño A.M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of substituting the lmmucor CaptureTM-R solid phase (SP) antibody detection system for our routine donor antibody screen. Our routine procedure (RP) used a 12-drop pool of six donor sera and one drop of pooled reagent red cells. with 37°C incubation and indirect antiglobulin test readings. The SP system was used according to the manfacturer’s directions except that one drop of the pooled sera (rather than an individual serum) was added to each microwell. In parallel tests of 888 donor
pools and of 70 stored sera containing known alloantibodie with SP were comparable to results with RP. After implementation of SP for donor antibody detection, 1,135 donor pools were tested. Results with SP appeared satisfactory when compared to previous records. We concluded that the Immucor CaptureTM-R system can be used for antibody detection using pooled donor sera.
Immunobematology
1991; 7:73-75
Microcomputer-generated antigen panel worksheets
Authors: Rose R.R. , Helgeson M.A. , Skradski K.J. , Polesky H.F. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Many antibody identifications require testing with cells of rare or uncommon phenotypes. To expedite the resolution of these identifications, we developed a microcomputer database using Lotus 123™ to enter antigen phenotypes from our frozen cell inventory. Data is entered into a customized screen input form and automatically copied to the database. The use of an input form protects the database from inadvertent errors made while entering data. The database can be searched for any combination of red cell phenotypes. When found, the selected cells are extracted to a predesigned worksheet. Panel worksheet forms are created with Allways™, a software program used in conjunction with Lotus 123™. Allways™ is specifically designed to generate quality printouts with a laser printer. The program has many formatting features that simplify horizontal and vertical ruling for the worksheet. In addition, the program provides degrees of shading to highlight specific antigens or entire columns or rows of information. Once the worksheet template has been designed, it is automatically saved with the database file. More than one worksheet template can be stored in the database file. This program reduces the amount of time spent searching through records to find the necessary cells for testing. It also reduces potential error in hand copying antigen phenotypes to a worksheet. This application can also be used for HLA panels.
Evaluation of patients with positive direct antiglobulin tests and nonreactive eluates discovered during pretransfusion testing
Authors: Clark J.A. , Tanley P.C. , Wallas C.H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Charts from a series of 679 hospital patients with positive direct antiglobulin tests (DATs) were reviewed. Sixty-three adult patients who demonstrated positive DATs due to IgG only but with nonreactive eluates were selected for further retrospective evaluation. Those patients were noted to fall into four distinct categories: autoimmune diseases including SLE, renal diseases, multiple myeloma, and miscellaneous diseases. In 16 patients for whom serum IgG levels were available, a significant correlation existed between the strength of the DAT reaction and the serum IgG concentration. Several mechanisms that could be responsible for these findings are discussed.
Immunohematology
1992;8:9–12.
Immune hemolytic anemia following heart-lung transplantation
Authors: Perlman E.J. , Shirey R.S. , Farkosh M. , Kickler T.S. , Ness R.M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Immune hemolytic anemia due to minor ABO incompatibility between recipient and donor is a well-recognized occurrence in kidney and liver transplantation, In some cases, the responsible antibodies have been shown to be derived from the donor passenger lymphocytes using Gm allotyping. We report a case of acute, transient hemolysis following heart-lung transplantation in which serologic and Gm allotype studies confirmed the etiology of hemolysis.
Immunohematalogy
1992;8:38–40
Development and initial validation of the Odense Child Trauma Screening: a story stem screening tool for preschool and young schoolchildren
Authors: Løkkegaard Sille Schandorph , Elmose Mette , Elklit Ask 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Early identification of young children exposed to trauma who are at risk of developing post-trauma symptomatology such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or other emotional or behavioral problems is important for allocating appropriate treatment and preventing long-term consequences. However, assessment of young children exposed to trauma is challenging because children may not be able to talk about their trauma or trauma reactions. Story stem tools combine storytelling and play to access the internal world of young children and can be used in the assessment of children exposed to trauma.

Objective:
To examine reliability and validity of a new story stem tool, the Odense Child Trauma Screening (OCTS). OCTS was developed to screen for play-based behavior and narrative representations indicative of traumatization in preschool and young schoolchildren.

Method:
Forty-nine Danish children aged 4.5–8.9 years (M = 6.6, SD = 1.2) participated in the OCTS. Participants included a risk sample of 31 children exposed to traumas and a community sample of 18 children. Caregivers were interviewed about child symptoms of PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and answered the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The community sample completed OCTS test-retests.

Results:
Interrater reliability proved excellent (ICC = .96-1.00). Test-retest reliability was acceptable (ICC = .66). Significant moderate correlations were found between the OCTS total score and scales of PTSD, MDD and RAD and the SDQ Total Difficulties Scale. The ability of the OCTS to discriminate between children from the risk and community sample was good.

Conclusions:
The study provided preliminary evidence of reliability and validity of the OCTS as a screening tool for young children exposed to trauma. OCTS shows promise as a standardized, age-appropriate informant-based screening measure applicable for clinical assessment.
Hypothesis: Designation of Liposomal Scavenger System for Fight against
2019-nCoV
Authors: Bagherani Nooshin , Smoller Bruce R. 
Published: June 2021

:
2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 virus, is a member of the family Coronaviridae, which is
responsible for the current pandemic of disease COVID-19. It is the seventh member of the family
Coronaviridae which infects humans, after 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1, SARS-CoV and Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Fever, dry cough and severe pneumonia are seen as
common symptoms at the early stages of COVID-19. Some cases progress to acute respiratory stress
syndrome, septic shock, organ failure, and death.

The development of an effective treatment or vaccination for treating or preventing this lethal condition
is an urgent need in order to fight this crisis. Up to now, some effective vaccines with different
efficacy profiles have been introduced. Herein, we have theoretically designed a scavenger system for
gathering 2019-nCoVs, breaking them, and re-introducing them to the immune system.
Analysis of Population Differences in Digital Conversations About Cancer Clinical Trials: Advanced Data Mining and Extraction Study
Authors: Perez Edith A , Jaffee Elizabeth M , Whyte John , Boyce Cheryl A , Carpten John D , Lozano Guillermina , Williams Raymond M , Winkfield Karen M , Bernstein David , Poblete Sung 
Published: June 2021

Background
Racial and ethnic diversity in clinical trials for cancer treatment is essential for the development of treatments that are effective for all patients and for identifying potential differences in toxicity between different demographics. Mining of social media discussions about clinical trials has been used previously to identify patient barriers to enrollment in clinical trials; however, a comprehensive breakdown of sentiments and barriers by various racial and ethnic groups is lacking.

Objective
The aim of this study is to use an innovative methodology to analyze web-based conversations about cancer clinical trials and to identify and compare conversation topics, barriers, and sentiments between different racial and ethnic populations.

Methods
We analyzed 372,283 web-based conversations about cancer clinical trials, of which 179,339 (48.17%) of the discussions had identifiable race information about the individual posting the conversations. Using sophisticated machine learning software and analyses, we were able to identify key sentiments and feelings, topics of interest, and barriers to clinical trials across racial groups. The stage of treatment could also be identified in many of the discussions, allowing for a unique insight into how the sentiments and challenges of patients change throughout the treatment process for each racial group.

Results
We observed that only 4.01% (372,283/9,284,284) of cancer-related discussions referenced clinical trials. Within these discussions, topics of interest and identified clinical trial barriers discussed by all racial and ethnic groups throughout the treatment process included health care professional interactions, cost of care, fear, anxiety and lack of awareness, risks, treatment experiences, and the clinical trial enrollment process. Health care professional interactions, cost of care, and enrollment processes were notably discussed more frequently in minority populations. Other minor variations in the frequency of discussion topics between ethnic and racial groups throughout the treatment process were identified.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the power of digital search technology in health care research. The results are also valuable for identifying the ideal content and timing for the delivery of clinical trial information and resources for different racial and ethnic groups.
Usability, Acceptability, and Safety Analysis of a Computer-Tailored Web-Based Exercise Intervention (ExerciseGuide) for Individuals With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Multi-Methods Laboratory-Based Study
Authors: Evans Holly EL , Forbes Cynthia C , Galvão Daniel A , Vandelanotte Corneel , Newton Robert U , Wittert Gary , Chambers Suzanne , Vincent Andrew D , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Girard Danielle , Brook Nicholas , Short Camille E 
Published: June 2021

Background
Digital health interventions such as tailored websites are emerging as valuable tools to provide individualized exercise and behavioral change information for individuals diagnosed with cancer.

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate and iteratively refine the acceptability and usability of a web-based exercise intervention (ExerciseGuide) for men with metastatic prostate cancer and determine how well individuals can replicate the video-based exercise prescription.

Methods
A laboratory-based multi-methods design was used, incorporating questionnaires, think-aloud tests, interviews, and movement screening among 11 men aged 63 to 82 years with metastatic prostate cancer. Overall, 9 participants were undergoing androgen deprivation therapy, and 2 were completing chemotherapy. Data were collected in two waves, with changes made for quality improvement after participant 5.

Results
The intervention’s usability score was deemed moderate overall but improved after modifications (from 60, SD 2.9 to 69.6, SD 2.2 out of 100). Overall, the participants found the intervention acceptable, with scores improving from wave 1 (24.2, SD 1.1 out of 30) to wave 2 (26.3, SD 2.1 out of 30). The personalized multimodal exercise prescription and computer-tailored education were seen as valuable. After wave 1, website navigation videos were added, medical terminology was simplified, and a telehealth component was included after expert real-time telehealth support was requested. Wave 2 changes included the added variety for aerobic exercise modes, reduced computer-tailoring question loads, and improved consistency of style and grammar. Finally, the participants could replicate the resistance exercise videos to a satisfactory level as judged by the movement screen; however, additional technique cueing within the videos is recommended to address safety concerns.

Conclusions
The acceptability and usability of ExerciseGuide were deemed satisfactory. Various problems were identified and resolved. Notably, the participants requested the inclusion of personalized expert support through telehealth. The resistance training algorithms were shown to provide appropriate content safely, and the users could replicate the exercise technique unaided to a satisfactory level. This study has optimized the ExerciseGuide intervention for further investigation in this population.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12618001978257; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12618001978257
Avaliação de sonolência e qualidade de vida de docentes universitários atuantes na área da saúde em uma universidade do extremo sul catarinense
Authors: De Souza Magson , Salvaro Maria Salete , Gulbis Karina Cardoso , Dagostin Valdemira Santina , Tessmann Mágada 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e do sono de docentes universitários. Métodos: O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado elaborado pelo pesquisador, Instrumento de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-BREF) e Escala de Sonolência de Epworth em português do Brasil. Resultados: Quando avaliada a qualidade de vida, o melhor escore esteve no domínio Meio ambiente (74,10%), seguidos pelas relações sociais (69,10%), psicológico (64,30%) e pior escore no domínio físico (59,50%), confirmando as hipóteses primárias. Quanto a avaliação da sonolência 39,06% alcançaram 1-6 pontos (normal), 18,75% de 7-8 pontos (media) e 42,18% (anormal ou patológica) de 9 a 24 pontos, sendo que os maiores percentuais de chances de cochilar surgiram com 46% na situação deitado a tarde para descansar não confirmando a hipótese que era deitado a tarde sem bebida alcoólica. Conclusão: Quanto a qualidade vida no domínio encontra-se energia e fadiga, sono e repouso, mobilidade, atividades da vida, dependência de medicação e capacidade de trabalho. Nos domínios físicos, inclui-se sentimentos positivos/negativos, pensar, aprender, concentração, autoestima e aparência e espiritualidade. No domínio relações sociais o suporte social e atividade sexual e no quarto domínio inclui-se segurança física e proteção, ambiente no lar, recursos financeiros, cuidados de saúde e sociais.
Exploration of CoachEye Application Features to Improve Feedback During Physical Education
Authors: Danis Ajau , Zulkifli Ahmad Fahim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to explore the CoachEye movement analysis application features most preferred to enhance engagement and learning experience among learners. This study adopted the mixed-method research design comprising both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Participants consisted of 30 undergraduate physical and health education major students ages between 20-26 years (16 males and 14 females respectively). The qualitative data were gathered via focus group discussions (i.e., 6 sessions, 5 participants/session) while quantitative data were collected through a modified TSCI questionnaire at the beginning and end of this study. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS (version 26.0) using tests such as descriptive statistics (e.g., means, standard deviation, percentage) and inferential statistics to determine the relationship between variables. The paired sample t-test was also used to compare mean values between pre-and-post intervention while graph and table were utilised to demonstrate behavioural changes. The phenomenological approach was used to gather qualitative data and analysed using Consider.ly software. The participants' knowledge and perceptions towards technology-assisted physical education improve across intervention with greater efficacy (7.47 ± 0.64) at the post compared to pre-intervention (6.57 ± 0.4). With regards to features, positive values associated with the abilities to analyse movements and identification of correct and false techniques while negative values associated with confusion and lack of confidence. This study demonstrated the addition of technology was generally effective to complement teaching and learning. Nonetheless, issues such as practice time, personal preferences, and digitised perceptions serve as future challenges in this topic.

Keywords: CoachEye analysis, Feedback, Mobile application, Physical education, Teaching and learning
Liability Framework for Cognitive Computing in Healthcare: Standing at the Crossroad
Authors: Saripan Hartini , Mohd Shith Putera Nurus Sakinatul Fikriah , Abdullah Sarah Munirah , Abu Hassan Rafizah , Abd Ghadas Zuhairah Ariff 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Digitization across the healthcare industry has witnessed the advent of emerging Cognitive Computing (CC) healthcare technologies that improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, predict illnesses, automate routine healthcare tasks, and refine processes and care beyond human capabilities. Increased adoption of this technology can be attributed to its ability of processing enormous amounts of data promptly in addressing specific queries and producing customized intelligent recommendations. While CC’s transformative technologies offer profound benefits to the healthcare industry, it also carries an unpredictable burden of risk and mistakes with damaging consequences to patients. At this juncture, CC’s legal place in healthcare is largely undefined as the applicable liability framework is ambiguous. CC fits into the traditional liability rules in a piecemeal manner; however a single theory of recovery sufficiently addressing the potential liability questions arising from a computer system capable of practicing medicine and possessing the ability of parsing through enormous data for better patient outcomes is absent. The present research therefore sets out to chart the analysis of cases involving emerging medical technologies comparable to CC, in hope of examining ways in which the traditional theories of liability is projected to develop in adapting to this novel contrivance. A doctrinal and case study methods formed an integrated qualitative approach adopted by this research in opting the deployment of emerging medical technologies akin to CC and the bearing it has on the imposition of liability in the United States. CC’s potential contributions to healthcare are revolutionary, however its legal repercussions are just as alarming and therefore demands for more discussion in addressing the concerns.

Keywords: Cognitive computing and law, Cognitive computing and legal liability