bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of sinapic acid and sinapine‐derived flavor‐active compounds using a factorial‐based pressurized high‐temperature processing
Authors: Nandasiri Ruchira , Zago Erika , Thiyam‐Holländer Usha , Eskin Neason Akiva Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDe‐oiled canola meals are sources of protein‐containing flavor‐active phenolic compounds. Conventional canola oil processing utilizes an excess amount of solvents and is associated with the release of high‐intensity bitter flavor‐active phenolic compounds, limiting the use of the canola meal. Recent advances in the extraction and isolation of the bitter favor‐active phenolic compounds from canola by‐products produce protein isolates, however, would benefit the industry by producing a side‐stream ingredient rich in phenolics. High temperature and pressure‐aided processing, namely the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was investigated to extract the flavor‐active bitter molecules from the canola meal. The extractability of flavor‐active phenolic compounds including the major sinapates, kaempferol derivatives, and other thermo‐generative compounds including thomasidioc acid (TA) was evaluated. The effects of temperature, solvent extractant and concentration, and the particle size of the meal were examined on the extraction efficiency of these phenolic compounds. Extraction temperature (180°C) was the primary determinant (p < 0.05) for the attenuation of major sinapates including sinapine and sinapic acid. Both ethanol and methanol extractants at a concentration of 70% (v/v) significantly (p < 0.05) extracted the flavor‐active phenolic compounds. The pressurized high temperature through optimized ASE conditions attenuated the bitter undesirable flavor‐active phenolic molecules from canola meal, thereby facilitating a potential value‐added phenolic‐rich by‐product.
Effect of cu content on Ce‐doping CuO/ZrO2 catalysts for low‐temperature hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethanol
Authors: Ding Jian , Wang Meihui , Liu Huimin , Guo Xiaohui , Yu Gewen , Wang Yaxiong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn order to solve the Cu sintering in dimethyl oxalate (DMO) hydrogenation to ethanol, the reaction temperature should be kept at a low value, however, which is unable to show excellent catalytic performance. Herein, the reaction temperature decreased significantly from above 260 to 220°C over Ce‐doping Cu/ZrO2 catalyst, which retained high catalytic efficiency with little influence on the catalyst structure after 96 h on stream. Besides, the structure and performance were changed greatly by adjusting the Cu content. For example, the ethanol selectivity can reach 96.1% based on the 100% conversion of DMO over Ce‐doping Cu/ZrO2 catalysts with 40% content of Cu. Based on systematic characterization, the catalyst possessed higher exposed Cu surface area along with the proper amount of medium acidic sites, avoiding the strong ones that could bring about a series of by‐products. As a result, the formed synergistic effects between Cu sites and medium acidic sites provided the active sites with high efficiency for ethanol synthesis.
Application of factorial experimental design to optimize radiation‐synthesized and biodegradable super water absorbent based on cassava starch and acrylic acid
Authors: Gallardo Alvin Kier R. , Relleve Lorna S. , Barba Bin Jeremiah D. , Cabalar Patrick Jay E. , Luna John Andrew A. , Tranquilan‐Aranilla Charito , Madrid Jordan F. , Abad Lucille V. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSuper water absorbent (SWA) for agricultural applications must be optimized to withstand diminishing consequences in real soil system. A 33 × 12 full factorial design and soil water retention experiments were explored to optimize agricultural SWA made from acrylic acid (AA) and cassava starch. Four synthesis parameters such as degree of neutralization (DN), AA concentration, cassava starch concentration, and absorbed dose affecting the gel properties of SWA were investigated in the experimental design. The results showed that AA concentration and DN has strong interaction effects toward the degree of swelling (DS), gel fraction (GF), and gel strength (GS) of SWA. The soil water retention of SWA reduces with time due to microbial degradation and multivalent cations present in the soil. The optimum formulation is 20% AA 10% Starch 30% DN 10 kGy has predicted values (176 ± 68 g/g DS, 93 ± 5% GF, and 137 ± 23 kPa GS) close to the experimental values (132 ± 0.2 g/g DS, 91 ± 0.2% GF, and 141 ± 88 kPa GS). The chosen optimized formulation is 20% AA 7.5% starch 30% DN 20 kGy with 46% biodegradability after 218 days and stable soil water retention compared to commercial SWAs.
Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children with traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Feng Lu , Lin Lili , Wang Shouchuan , Zhao Xia , Dai Qigang , Wang Lei , Yang Yan , Xu Ling , Liu Yuling , An Li , Shen Cunsi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAllergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases in children and it can lead to physical and mental health problems. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in understanding the phenotypes and treatment of AR. However, there are currently no normative clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of AR in children. The study aimed to develop an evidence‐based CPG for the treatment of AR in children with TCM. Systematic literature research, expert questionnaire, and clinical evaluation after three rounds of surveys were adopted to form recommendations for treating children with AR using the Delphi method. Depending on the clinical manifestations, we finally recommended two decoctions with two Chinese patent medicines for an acute attack of AR and two decoctions for a chronic period of AR. For the acute attack of AR in children, Xinyi Qingfei decoction, Wenfei Zhiliu decoction, Xinqin granules, and Xinyi Biyan pills were suggested, whereas for the chronic period of AR, Buzhong Yiqi and Jingui Shenqi decoctions were recommended. The four external treatment methods suggested for the prevention and care of AR were body acupuncture, moxibustion, auricular point pressing, and acupoint application. The recommended levels of the suggested TCM strategies ranged from Grade B to D, indicating the weakness of the recommendations. TCM has the potential to offer new insights into phenotypes and the management of AR worldwide; however, more high‐quality clinical studies are needed to improve the quality of evidence.
Are mortgage loan closing delay risks predictable? A predictive analysis using text mining on discussion threads
Authors: Goldberg David M. , Zaman Nohel , Brahma Arin , Aloiso Mariano 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLoan processors and underwriters at mortgage firms seek to gather substantial supporting documentation to properly understand and model loan risks. In doing so, loan originations become prone to closing delays, risking client dissatisfaction and consequent revenue losses. We collaborate with a large national mortgage firm to examine the extent to which these delays are predictable, using internal discussion threads to prioritize interventions for loans most at risk. Substantial work experience is required to predict delays, and we find that even highly trained employees have difficulty predicting delays by reviewing discussion threads. We develop an array of methods to predict loan delays. We apply four modern out‐of‐the‐box sentiment analysis techniques, two dictionary‐based and two rule‐based, to predict delays. We contrast these approaches with domain‐specific approaches, including firm‐provided keyword searches and “smoke terms” derived using machine learning. Performance varies widely across sentiment approaches; while some sentiment approaches prioritize the top‐ranking records well, performance quickly declines thereafter. The firm‐provided keyword searches perform at the rate of random chance. We observe that the domain‐specific smoke term approaches consistently outperform other approaches and offer better prediction than loan and borrower characteristics. We conclude that text mining solutions would greatly assist mortgage firms in delay prevention.
Production of photochromic nanocomposite film via spray‐coating of rare‐earth strontium aluminate for anti‐counterfeit applications
Authors: Mokhtar Omnia M. , Attia Yasser A. , Wassel Ahmed R. , Khattab Tawfik A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNew photochromic film was developed toward the preparation of anti‐counterfeiting documents utilizing inorganic/organic nanocomposite enclosing a photoluminescent inorganic pigment and a polyacrylic binder polymer. To generate a translucent film from pigment/polyacrylic nanocomposite, the phosphorescent strontium aluminum oxide pigment should be well‐dispersed in the solution of the polyacrylic‐based binder without agglomeration. The photochromic nanocomposite was applied efficiently onto commercial cellulose paper documents utilizing the effective and economical spray‐coating technology followed with thermofixation. A homogeneous photochromic film was immobilized onto cellulose paper surface to introduce a transparent film changing to greenish‐yellow upon exposure to ultraviolet light as depicted by CIE coloration measurements. The photochromic effect was monitored at lowest pigment concentration (0.25 wt%). The spray‐coated paper documents exhibit two absorbance bands at 256 and 358 nm, and two fluorescence peaks at 433 and 511 nm. The morphologies of the spray‐coated documents were explored. The spray‐coated paper sheets showed a reversible photochromic effect without fatigue under ultraviolet irradiation. The rheology of the produced photochromic composites as well as the mechanical properties and photostability of the spray‐coated documents were studied.
New chemiluminescent method of levofloxacin and ofloxacin determination based on terbium (III)‐sensitized fluoroquinolone–KBrO3 reaction
Authors: Kaczmarek Małgorzata , Staninski Krzysztof , Stodolny Mikołaj 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFluoroquinolones can be oxidized with some agents, in this study selected fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin and enrofloxacin) were oxidized with potassium bromate in the presence of terbium (III) ions. According to the kinetic and spectral analysis of chemiluminescence emitted by the above systems, the terbium (III) ions were the only emitter. The excitation of the lanthanide ion was a result of the process of energy transfer from the products of fluoroquinolones oxidation to Tb(III) ions. The highest intensity of chemiluminescence was obtained for levofloxacin and ofloxacin containing an alkoxy substituent at C‐8 in the quinoline ring. The chemiluminescence intensity was correlated linearly (r = 0.9994) with the concentration of ofloxacin (or levofloxacin) in the range 1 × 10−6 to 4 × 10−5 mol L−1; the detection limit was 3 × 10−7 mol L−1 for both fluoroquinolones. In the optimized conditions, the chemiluminescence of the levofloxacin (or ofloxacin)–Tb(III)–KBrO3–H2SO4 systems was used to determine these compounds in a mixture of fluoroquinolones and in pharmaceuticals.
Microfluidic chip‐based single‐cell cloning to accelerate biologic production timelines
Authors: Diep Jonathan , Le Huong , Le Kim , Zasadzinska Ewelina , Tat Jasmine , Yam Pheng , Zastrow Ryan , Gomez Natalia , Stevens Jennitte 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCell line development (CLD) represents a critical, yet time‐consuming, step in the biomanufacturing process as significant resources are devoted to the scale‐up and screening of several hundreds to thousands of single‐cell clones. Typically, transfected pools are fully recovered from selection and characterized for growth, productivity, and product quality to identify the best pools suitable for single‐cell cloning (SCC) using limiting dilution or fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS). Here we report the application of the Berkeley Lights Beacon Instrument (BLI) in an early SCC process to accelerate the CLD timeline. Transfected pools were single‐cell cloned when viabilities reached greater than 85% or during selection when viabilities were less than 30%. Clones isolated from these accelerated processes exhibited comparable growth, productivity, and product quality to those derived from a standard CLD process and fit into an existing manufacturing platform. With these approaches, up to a 30% reduction in the overall CLD timeline was achieved. Furthermore, early process‐derived clones demonstrated equivalent long‐term stability compared with standard process‐derived clones over 50 population doubling levels (PDLs). Taken together, the data supported early SCC on the BLI as an attractive approach to reducing the standard CLD timeline while still identifying clones with acceptable manufacturability.
Fragility of randomized trials supporting cancer drug approvals stratified by approval pathway and review designations
Authors: Wilson Brooke E. , Desnoyers Alexandra , Nadler Michelle B. , Tibau Ariadna , Amir Eitan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt has been suggested that the results from fragile trials are less likely to translate into benefit in routine clinical practice.MethodsWe searched the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) archives to identify drug approvals for solid organ malignancies between 2010 and 2019. We calculated the Fragility Index (FI) supporting each approval, using methods to account for time‐to‐event. We compared FI and trial and approval characteristics using Mann‐Whitney U and Kruskal‐Wallis test. Using logistic regression, we examined study characteristics associated with withdrawal of consent or lost to follow‐up (WCLFU) exceeding the calculated FI.ResultsThe median FI among 125 included studies was 23 (range 1–322). The FI was ≤10 in 35 studies (28%), 11–20 in 21 (17%), and >20 in 69 (55%). The median FI/Nexp was 7.7% (range 0.1–51.7%). The median FI was significantly lower among approvals processed through the accelerated vs regular pathway (5.5 vs 25, p = 0.001), but there was no difference in median FI/Nexp. The WCLFU exceeded FI in 42% of studies. Overall survival endpoints were more likely to have a WCLFU exceeding FI (OR 3.16, p = 0.003). WCLFU exceeding FI was also associated with a lesser magnitude of effect (median HR 0.69 vs 0.55, p < 0.001). In a sensitivity analysis including only studies with 1:1 randomization, 51% of studies had WCLFU >FI.ConclusionThe median FI among all trials was 23, and WCLFU exceeded FI in 42%. Comparative trials in solid tumors supporting approval through the accelerated pathway are more fragile compared to trials approved through the regular pathway, an observation likely explained by a lower sample size in the experimental arm.
Comparison on physicochemical properties of mung bean flour and isolated starch under different level of high static pressure
Authors: Liu Zhenyu , Fu Yongxia , Zhang Jing , Shen Qun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesMung bean has high nutritional value for consumers, but its native form with poor physicochemical properties limited uses for food production. Mung bean flour (MBF) contains starch and nonstarch components including proteins, lipids, and fibers. Nonstarch components possibly cause the physicochemical properties of MBF to be different from those of mung bean starch (MBS). Thus, effect of high‐hydrostatic pressure (HHP) (300, 450, and 600 MPa) processing on the structural, thermal, pasting, and rheological properties of MBF and MBS was investigated.FindingsResults showed that MBF and MBS exhibited various properties under the same HHP treatment. With increasing pressure, the Maltese cross and relative crystallinity of MBS disappeared more significantly than MBF, indicating more severe gelatinization. Furthermore, MBF was seen to have more short‐range ordered structure than MBS. The peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), and breakdown viscosity (BV) of MBF were lower than just the MBS only. MBF contained protein, lipid, and fiber, which could compete with starch to absorb water in the food gel systems, thus hindered the swelling and gelatinization of starches. And amylose–lipid complexes were formed in HHP‐treated MBF which could enhance the gel network cross‐linking, with lower tan δ (loss modulus/storage modulus).ConclusionsNonstarch polymers in MBF might protect starch granules from gelatinization under HHP, obvious differences were observed in the thermal, pasting, and rheological properties between HHP‐treated MBS and MBF, and physicochemical properties were greatly related to structural properties of them.Significance and noveltyOverall, HHP as a nonthermal processing technique has potential to modify legume flour with a range of properties into diverse food products.
New‐onset guttate psoriasis secondary to COVID‐19
Authors: Rouai Meriem , Rabhi Faten , Mansouri Nada , Jaber Kahena , Dhaoui Raouf 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), is associated with flares of psoriasis in patients with well‐documented disease. Both viral infection and medications used for treatment, like hydroxychloroquine, were incriminated. Herein, we report the case of a 25‐year‐old male patient who presented a first‐onset guttate psoriasis following a COVID‐19 infection. We have not found previous descriptions of de novo guttate psoriasis post‐COVID‐19.
MXene Enables Stable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase for Si@MXene Composite with Enhanced Cycling Stability
Authors: Zhou Hao , Cui Cong , Cheng Renfei , Yang Jinxing , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSilicon (Si) has been gaining considerable attention in the field of Li‐ion batteries although unstable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI), extreme volume changes and inferior conductivity hinder its practical application. Herein, ultrasonic‐assisted electrostatic self‐assembly of fluidic colloidal coprecipitation of MXene wrapped Si nanoparticles (Si@MXene) is proposed. Utilizing the natural negatively charged MXene to capture positive‐charged Si nanoparticles, the homogeneous Ti3C2Tx MXene coating on Si nanoparticles prevents the nanoparticles from directly contacting the electrolyte and thus enables the formation of a stable SEI film on the composite particulates. Due to the elimination of unstable solid‐electrolyte interphase on the surface of Si nanoparticles, Si@MXene delivers high capacity and excellent retention stability of 94 % after 100 cycles. The strategy demonstrated here offers the rational design of MXene‐coated Si anodes with high capacity and superior cycling stability.
Construction of Coplanar Bicyclic Backbones for 1,2,4‐Triazole‐1,2,4‐Oxadiazole‐Derived Energetic Materials
Authors: Cao Wenli , Dong Wenshuai , Lu Zujia , Bi Yufan , Hu Yong , Wang Tingwei , Zhang Chao , Li Zhimin , Yu Qiyao , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCombining different nitrogen‐rich heterocycles into a molecule can fine‐tune its energetic performance and physical properties as well as its safety for use in energetic materials. Here, 1,2,4‐oxadiazole was incorporated into 1,2,4‐triazole to construct new energetic backbones. 3‐(5‐Amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐amine (5) was designed and synthesized. Nitramino‐functionalized N‐(5‐(5‐amino‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)nitramide (6) and N‐(5‐(5‐(nitramino)‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)nitramide (7) were also obtained, and two series of corresponding nitrogen‐rich salts were prepared, leading to the creation of new energetic compounds. All derivatives were fully characterized, and five of them were further confirmed by X‐ray diffraction. The theoretical calculations, energetic performance, safety, and the main decomposition gaseous products of 1,2,4‐triazole‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole‐derived energetic materials were studied. Compound 7 and its dihydroxylammonium salt (7 c) exhibited prominent detonation performance comparable to that of RDX while possessing satisfying thermal stabilities and mechanical sensitivities.
Commercial Integrated Permeate Channel Ultrafiltration Membranes: Design, Modeling and Performance
Authors: Aerts Peter E. M. , Brüss Ulrich , Richter Steffen , Rehman Usman , Audenaert Wim , van Hoof Stephan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSubmerged ultrafiltration membranes for use in wastewater treatment have been practiced for several decades and is becoming the standard for water reuse applications. In this paper, the characteristics of the unique and robust Integrated Permeate Channel (IPC®) membrane are presented for membrane bioreactor (MBR) applications. The design choices made during the 10‐year development of the IPC® membrane translate in key product attributes that the end users are looking for: a high capacity of clean permeate per footprint at the lowest cost of total ownership over the lifetime of the product.
Which model? Comparing fermentation kinetic expressions for cream cheese production
Authors: Guo Shiying , Li Bing , Yu Wei , Wilson David I. , Young Brent R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractKnowing the time‐dependent concentrations of biomass, lactose, and lactic acid is crucial for the optimal production of cream cheese. This paper reviews the commonly used kinetic models for cream cheese fermentation and assesses their performance using cross‐validation, Akaike information criterion, and the coefficient of determination using laboratory data. The product inhibition model called the Boulton Model gives the best prediction. This model is a valuable instrument for cream cheese research.
pH‐Controlled Efficient Conversion of Hemicellulose to Furfural Using Choline‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents as Catalysts
Authors: Arora Shalini , Gupta Neeraj , Singh Vasundhara 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe valorization of hemicellulose isolated from lignocellulosic biomass (wheat straw, rice husk, and bagasse) to furfural was achieved by pH‐controlled acid catalysis using choline‐based Brønsted acidic (BA) and natural acidic (NA) deep eutectic solvents (DES) serving both as catalyst and solvent. The effect of pH variation on the catalytic activity of various BADES and NADES prepared in 1 : 1 molar ratio was observed, and choline chloride/p‐toluene sulfonic acid (ChCl/p‐TSA) was found to be the best with lower pH value of 1.0. The yield of furfural decreased from 85 to 51 % with increase in pH from 1.0 to 3.0. The molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor to acceptor components was varied from 1 : 1 to 1 : 9 to achieve the lowest possible pH values of the DESs and to increase the furfural yield. Further optimization of reaction conditions was also done in terms of DES loading, time of reaction, and temperature using the model DES to achieve higher furfural yield. The best results were obtained using 5 mmol DES at pH 1.0 in 1.5 h at 120 °C. ChCl/p‐TSA and ChCl/oxalic acid among BADES and ChCl/levulinic acid among NADES investigated in this work yielding 85 % furfural were found to be most efficient. The reported methodology is advantageous in terms of using bio‐based green solvents, mild reaction conditions, and efficient scale‐up of the reaction. The DESs were found to be efficiently recyclable up to five consecutive runs for the process.