bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulatory action of Moringa oleifera Lam. on L-arginine induced acute pancreatitis
Authors: Omayone Tosan Peter , Ijomone Omamuyovwi Meashack , Oloyede Solomon Babatunde , Okunola Salihaat Toyin , Aigoro Zainab Oluwabukola , Esukpa Victory Uwuma , Dinakin Samuel Oluwaseun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with high morbidity and mortality. This study investigates the effect of Moring oleifera (MO) on L-arginine-induced AP in Wistar rats.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Control, AP, Magnesium groups, all fed with standard rat diet, MO leaf groups (5% MLF and 15% MLF), and MO seed groups (5% MSD and 15% MSD) were fed with five or 15% MO leaf or seed supplemented diet for four weeks prior to induction of AP. AP was induced by administration of double doses of L-arginine (320 mg/100 g i.p.) at 1 h interval. All animals were sacrificed 72 h thereafter.

Results
Weekly mean feed consumption and body weight were significantly higher in MO groups compared to the control. Amylase level, MDA, MPO, and NO were significantly higher in the AP group than in the control but decreased in Mg and MO groups. While CAT, SOD, GSH, and SH-group were significantly depleted in AP groups, which was attenuated in MO groups. Rats in AP groups showed severe inflammation, necrosis, and edema. These effects were significantly improved in MO groups resulting in lower histological scores compared to the AP group.

Conclusions
Pretreatment with MO could attenuate AP via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action.
The relative exponential growth rate of subgroups of acylindrically hyperbolic groups
Authors: Schesler Eduard 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new invariant of finitely generated groups, the ambiguity function, and we prove that every finitely generated acylindrically hyperbolic group has a linearly bounded ambiguity function.
We use this result to prove that the relative exponential growth rate

lim

n
→
∞

⁡

|

B
H
X

⁢

(
n
)

|

n

\lim_{n\to\infty}\sqrt[n]{\lvert\vphantom{1_{1}}{B^{X}_{H}(n)}\rvert}

of a subgroup 𝐻 of a finitely generated acylindrically hyperbolic group 𝐺 exists with respect to every finite generating set 𝑋 of 𝐺 if 𝐻 contains a loxodromic element of 𝐺.
Further, we prove that the relative exponential growth rate of every finitely generated subgroup 𝐻 of a right-angled Artin group

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

exists with respect to every finite generating set of

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

.
Trauma-induced complete pacemaker lead fracture 8 months prior to hospitalization: A case report
Authors: Xu Yi , Chen Xiaoming , Feng Jianyi , Guo Jun , Li Zicheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Trauma-induced complete lead fracture is a rare complication of pacemaker implantation. Only a few cases have been previously reported. Common treatment included replacement of pacemaker and/or extraction of fractured lead. In this report, however, we describe this unique case of complete traumatic pacemaker lead fracture. The patient had her right-ventricular lead fractured after a bicycle accident and had lived with the fractured lead for 8 months prior to her hospitalization. After examinations, she was treated with a relatively conservative strategy. The pacemaker and fractured lead were left for further observation and follow-up.
Properties of critical and subcritical second order self-adjoint linear equations
Authors: Jekl Jan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We discuss critical and subcritical linear second-order difference equations, and we observe several identities and inequalities which such equations satisfy depending on their coefficients. Later, we investigate the limit behaviour depending on the coefficients of solutions and of the sequences which appear when finding said solutions. We will see that certain identity is preserved in limit under weaker assumptions. Finally, we investigate a class of fourth-order linear difference equations and show that they are always 1-critical.
Disjoint topological transitivity for weighted translations generated by group actions
Authors: Chen Chung-Chuan , Tabatabaie Seyyed Mohammad , Mohammadi Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this note, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for weighted translations, generated by group actions, to be disjoint topologically transitive in terms of the weights, the group element and the measure. The characterization of disjoint topological mixing is obtained as well. Moreover, we apply the results to the quotient spaces of locally compact groups and hypergroups.
Effect of nano-silica as cementitious materials-reducing admixtures on the workability, mechanical properties and durability of concrete
Authors: Liu Changjiang , Su Xin , Wu Yuyou , Zheng Zhoulian , Yang Bo , Luo Yuanbing , Yang Jingwei , Yang Jiangying 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nano-silica (NS) is one of the most important nanomaterials in recent years. It is used as a new cement-based composite reinforcement in building materials because of its high volcanic ash activity. In order to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, combined with the research idea of cementitious materials-reducing admixture for concrete, under the condition of reducing the amount of cement in concrete by 20%, the influence of different dosages of NS on the setting time and mechanical properties of concrete was analyzed. In addition, the shrinkage performance, impermeability, and resistance to chloride-ion permeability of concrete were also studied. The results show that under the same curing conditions and ages, when the NS dosage is 2.5%, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the specimen after 28 days of curing are the highest, reaching 40.87 and 3.8 MPa, which show an increase by 6.6 and 15.15%. The shrinkage performance of concrete increases with the increase in NS dosage. In addition, when the NS dosage is 2.0%, the durability of concrete has also been greatly improved. The impermeability of concrete increased by 18.7% and the resistance to chloride-ion permeability increased by 14.7%. Through microscopic analysis it was found that NS can promote the hydration reaction, generate more hydration products such as calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H), enhance the interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the aggregate, and form a closer interfacial transition zone. Moreover, the addition of NS also reduces the cumulative pore volume in concrete, refines the pore size, and makes the internal structure of concrete denser.
Awareness-Dependent Normalization Framework of Visual Bottom-up Attention
Authors: Wang Shiyu , Huang Ling , Chen Qinglin , Wang Jingyi , Xu Siting , Zhang Xilin 
Published: October 2021

Although bottom-up attention can improve visual performance with and without awareness to the exogenous cue, whether they are governed by a common neural computation remains unclear. Using a modified Posner paradigm with backward masking, we found that the cueing effect displayed a monotonic gradient profile (Gaussian-like), both with and without awareness, whose scope, however, was significantly wider with than without awareness. This awareness-dependent scope offered us a unique opportunity to change the relative size of the attention field to the stimulus, differentially modulating the gain of attentional selection, as proposed by the normalization model of attention. Therefore, for each human subject (male and female), the stimulus size was manipulated as their respective mean attention fields with and without awareness while stimulus contrast was varied in a spatial cueing task. By measuring the gain pattern of contrast-response functions on the spatial cueing effect derived by visible or invisible cues, we observed changes in the cueing effect consonant with changes in contrast gain for visible cues and response gain for invisible cues. Importantly, a complementary analysis confirmed that subjects' awareness-dependent attention fields can be simulated by using the normalization model of attention. Together, our findings indicate an awareness-dependent normalization framework of visual bottom-up attention, placing a necessary constraint, namely, awareness, on our understanding of the neural computations underlying visual attention.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBottom-up attention is known to improve visual performance with and without awareness. We discovered that manipulating subjects' awareness can modulate their attention fields of visual bottom-up attention, which offers a unique opportunity to regulate its normalization processes. On the one hand, by measuring the gain pattern of contrast-response functions on the spatial cueing effect derived by visible or invisible cues, we observed changes in the cueing effect consonant with changes in contrast gain for visible cues and response gain for invisible cues. On the other hand, by using the normalization model of attention, subjects' awareness-dependent attention fields can be simulated successfully. Our study supports important predictions of the normalization model of visual bottom-up attention and further reveals its dependence on awareness.
Response of Forest to Climatic Events and Human Management at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
Authors: Aber James S. , Wallace Juliet , Nowak Matthew C. 
Published: October 2021

Characteristics and temporal changes in forest cover from 1987 to 1997 were documented on the basis of remote sensing for two study forests at Fort Leavenworth, northeastern Kansas. Eight Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) datasets from the month of July cover the study period, which included a major drought in 1988-1989 and flooding along the Missouri River in 1993. Other data sources included kite aerial photographs, digital orthophotos, tree-ring cores, climatic records, and ground observations. Three study areas were evaluated from Landsat TM datasets: (1) the entire Fort Leavenworth area; (2) an upland, hardwood forest composed mainly of oaks; and (3) a bottomland, softwood forest dominated by cottonwood. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values were derived from these three study sets and subjected to image differencing and principal-component analysis. The TM band 5:4 ratio was also analyzed for the two study forests. Values and trends derived from Landsat imagery were compared to data on tree-ring growth in upland oaks and regional climatic events.
Annual growth of tree rings in upland oaks is tied closely to precipitation and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI); however, changes in NDVI values lag one to two years behind the onset of climatic events, particularly drought episodes. During the first year of drought (1988), vegetation cover in the upland and bottomland forests reacted in different ways: with a slight decline in the upland forest and a slight increase in the bottomland forest. The increased vegetation in the bottomland forest presumably resulted from more understory growth in dry hollows and potholes. In the second year of drought (1989), both forests suffered a marked decline in vegetation cover. NDVI values reached their minima for all categories (whole area, upland forest, and bottomland forest) in 1990, even though precipitation and tree-ring growth increased substantially that year. We conclude that changes in Landsat-derived NDVI values are out of phase with climatic events and variations in tree-ring growth for both upland and bottomland forests in northeastern Kansas and northwestern Missouri.
Overall change (1987 to 1997) for NDVI values is down slightly for all categories of evaluation. This probably reflects reduced precipitation throughout the study period compared to the long-term average. Changes in vegetation took place mainly on the forest margins. Such changes are thought to result from microclimatic stress at forest edges. The bottomland study forest also was impacted by severe flooding in 1993. Routine human activities may have resulted in minor changes along the margins of both study forests. The bottomland forest was affected by intentional burning of the adjacent prairie in April 2000. Cottonwood trees at the forest edge were killed or injured by the prairie fire, which penetrated the forest understory some distance.
Features and relationships of metabolic syndrome components in men with androgen deficiency. Part 1. Are body composition parameters, sex hormone levels and blood pressure interrelated?
Authors: Pavlova Z. Sh. , Grevina V. Yu. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Currently, a shortage of studies demonstrating the relationship between body composition disorders in men with excess adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome (MS), depending on the level of testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), anthropometric parameters, or blood pressure (BP) has been noted.Aim: to examine a relationship between disturbed anthropometric parameters, level of sex hormones and BP in men with MS.Materials and Methods. There were enrolled 64 overweight men to the study. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the body mass index (BMI): group 1 – with overweight (n = 24), group 2 – with the first degree of obesity (n = 21), group 3 – with the second and third degree of obesity (n = 19). A correlation analysis was carried out between the data of bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and laboratory data, as well as additionally assessing the level of inter-group difference.Results. Our study allowed to find the relationship between the parameters of body composition in men with overdeveloped adipose tissue and MS that was coupled to the level of testosterone, estradiol, SHBG, anthropometric parameters as well as blood pressure indicators. A moderate negative correlation was observed across entire patient sample between the testosterone level and several anthropometric parameters: waist circumference (WC), WC/hip circumference and BMI (p < 0.05). A weak negative correlation was found between the level of testosterone, fat mass (FM) and the proportion of FM in the general sample. A weak negative correlation between systolic BP and testosterone level throughout the patient sample was found, but a moderate negative correlation was observed solely in group 3. A positive weak correlation was found between testosterone and estradiol level in the general sample as well as in group 2, whereas in group 1 it was moderate. In contrast, in group 3 such a correlation was negative and weak. A positive correlation can be also traced between testosterone and SHBG level particularly being moderate in the entire sample as well as in groups 1 and 2, and noticeable in group 3.Conclusion. The relationship was revealed between the parameters of body composition in men with excessive adipose tissue and MS related to testosterone, estradiol, SHBG level as well as anthropometric parameters and ВР corroborating systematic and multi-layered nature underlying obesity.
Approaches to Interstate Interaction of Circumpolar Countries in the Development of the Arctic
Authors: Didenko N. I. , Skripnuk D. F. , Konakhina N. A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: is to suggest recommendations on the problems of cooperation of circumpolar countries in the Arctic based on the analysis and accumulates the existing economic concepts of interstate interaction.Methods: the work used the methods of classification, induction and deduction, generalization, structuring, statistical and logical analysis, system analysis, algorithmization. The research is based on the using the elements of empirical and theoretical methods for economic reality research.Results: the study presents the development of theoretical approaches to issues of interstate interaction in existing economic schools. The authors studied the experience of interstate cooperation in sphere of Arctic territory exploration and development. Based on basic theories, the existing theoretical and practical approaches of interstate interaction of circumpolar countries are summarized. Taking into account the dynamics of foreign trade turnover of circumpolar countries, the authors suggested the model of interstate interaction.Conclusions and Relevance: the development of conceptual provisions for interstate interaction for Arctic development allows us to take into account the main arising risks of the development process. It should be noted, that the main basic conceptual point of interstate interaction of countries in sphere of the Arctic development is the factor of "economic person" behavior within the neoclassical theory. This approach allows us to take into account the possibilities of interstate interaction, both from the point of view of openness of economic systems, and from the point of view of conflicts of interests of participants and the consequences of climate change. The suggested dynamic model of circumpolar countries interaction is based on the factors of multi-sided cooperation of various stakeholders as the main institution for the development of Arctic policy of circumpolar countries. It allows to consider the main risks arising during the of Arctic territories development.
Improving methods for assessing economic security at the micro level in the context of digitalization
Authors: Vyakina I. V. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: the article aims at using additional functionalities of the digital economy and modern information systems to develop new analytical tools for monitoring economic security and identifying company risks. Methods: the article uses traditional methods of scientific analysis, economic and mathematical statistics. Moreover, the author proposes the new approaches, which develop a methodology for diagnosing economic security factors at the region level and micro level using additional functional capabilities of digital economy and modern information systems.Results: based on the analysis of existing methods for assessing economic security at the micro level, urgent methodological problems of assessing the economic security have identified. New approaches have developed for diagnosing the economic security of a company. They base on the use of search capabilities and functionality of modern information systems. The paper presents the author's methodology for assessing possible strategic advantages due to integration processes and cooperation, and it has tested on the example of the Tver region.Conclusions and Relevance: new methods for diagnosing the qualitative characteristics of the development potential and risks of a company consider as a management tool that provides the administration of an economic entity with the opportunity to conduct diagnostics in the system: potential-risk and identify competitive advantages and the most significant risks and threats to development. Such a presentation of opportunities and threats helps to substantiate a set of targeted management decisions aimed at using competitive advantages and eliminating or neutralizing threats and risks. In this case, modern information technologies make it possible to provide an information-empirical basis for research, achieve the set goals and solve the problem of the results reliability.
Efekty obciążeń regulacyjnych i fiskalnych sektora bankowego dla akcji kredytowej banków przed pandemią COVID-19 i w trakcie jej trwania
Authors: Czechowska Iwona Dorota , Lipiński Czesław , Sikorski Jacek , Stawska Joanna , Zatoń Wojciech 
Published: October 2021

Publikacja ma charakter monografii opisującej kompleksowo kwestię obciążeń regulacyjnych i fiskalnych sektora bankowego i ich konsekwencje dla poziomu kredytowania w perspektywie czasowej – przed pandemią COVID-19 i w trakcie jej trwania. Stanowi kompendium wiedzy z dziedziny szeroko pojętych finansów, o istocie i mechanizmach funkcjonowania zewnętrznych obciążeń sektora bankowego oraz wiążących się z nimi problemach. Autorzy podejmują próbę ukazania tego typu regulacji w kontekście bezpieczeństwa i stabilności finansowej systemu bankowego, a także w szerszym ujęciu systemu finansowego. Przedstawiają aktualny (na 2021 rok) stan obciążeń, zwracając uwagę na określone instrumenty polityki fiskalnej i regulacyjnej. Za pomocą modelu ekonometrycznego dokonują operacjonalizacji głównego celu opracowania, którym jest określenie i analiza wpływu obciążeń zewnętrznych na potencjał udzielania kredytów przez sektor bankowy, a także próba wskazania scenariuszy bazowych.
W dotychczasowych badaniach rzadko podejmowano próby łączenia wymagań regulacyjnych i fiskalnych w kontekście m.in. pogłębionej analizy wymagań w zakresie należności nieobsługiwanych – Non-Performing Loans. Przeważały publikacje monotematyczne, skoncentrowane na wąskim ujęciu tego typu obciążeń zewnętrznych. Oryginalne w tej publikacji jest zebranie informacji na temat wymagań regulacyjnych i fiskalnych wobec sektora bankowego, a zwłaszcza przedstawienie tego zagadnienia w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Jest to jedna z pierwszych pozycji ujmujących w sposób tak kompleksowy i wieloaspektowy tego typu problematykę.
*
„Recenzowane opracowanie jest napisane poprawnie, bez jakichkolwiek błędów, co potwierdza gruntowną wiedzę i rozpoznanie Autorów w podjętej tematyce. Jest wzorcowym przykładem połączenia teorii i empirii w odniesieniu do oceny zachowań instytucji finansowych w obliczu nietypowych warunków występujących na rynku, a spowodowanych pandemią COVID-19.
Do głównych zalet monografii należy zaliczyć:
– bardzo dobre rozpoznanie literatury w zakresie bankowości i regulacji finansowych,
– umiejętność korzystania z publikowanych zasobów informacyjnych,
– stworzenie modelu ekonometrycznego oraz przeprowadzenie badań empirycznych i prognozowania przyszłych zachowań w postaci scenariuszy,
– ocena opracowanych scenariuszy pod względem ich potencjalnego wystąpienia w praktyce,
– poprawność formalna opracowania, w praktyce,
– dobry styl, właściwa terminologia, solidne przygotowanie tekstu.
Podsumowując, jest to wartościowa, aktualna pozycja potwierdzająca dobre przygotowanie merytoryczne badaczy oraz ich wrażliwość na zmianę warunków i czynników na rynku”.
Z recenzji prof. K. Brzozowskiej

Monografia finansowana ze środków Dziekana Wydziału Ekonomiczno-Socjologicznego. Praca powstała w wyniku realizacji projektu badawczego nr UMO-2017/26 / D / HS4 / 00954 finansowanego ze środków Narodowego Centrum Nauki.
Diagnóstico de la Situación de las Mipymes del Sector Agropecuario en Yucatán
Authors: Moo Novelo Carlos Antonio , Hernández Cuevas Francisco Iván , Mex Arriaga Fredi Israel 
Published: October 2021

El artículo muestra las deficiencias administrativas y organizacionales que presentan las MIPYMES ubicadas en el sector agropecuario del estado de Yucatán, así como también las principales variables que inciden en su posibilidad de crecimiento económico.
OBJETIVO: Identificar la situación administrativa que predomina en las microempresas agropecuarias en nueve municipios del estado de Yucatán, y que permita determinar los principales problemas que se presentan en su administración y organización.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: En este caso en particular se realizó la selección de las empresas a través del muestreo no aleatorio y por conveniencia en diversas partes del estado de Yucatán, debido a que se tuvo contacto previo con los dueños de las empresas a los cuales se les aplicó el cuestionario de los municipios donde se realizó el estudio.
RESULTADOS: De los principales resultados obtenidos destaca que el 77% de las empresas son de tamaño micro y el 23% son pequeñas, además el 55.5% de las empresas tienen una estructura orgánica establecida, pero no la siguen, mientras que el 44.5% de ella dijo no tener definido una estructura orgánica para su empresa.
CONCLUSIONES: Es evidente que la carencia de una estructura organizativa bien establecida genera dificultades a las MIPYMES, para poder potencializar sus actividades, ya que, al evitar el ciclo administrativo en estas empresas, carecen de rumbo y tienen bien planificado hasta donde quieren llegar.