bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significant duration predictive models developed from strong‐motion data of thrust‐faulting earthquakes recorded in Mexico City
Authors: López‐Castañeda Alhelí S. , Reinoso Eduardo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPredictive models for estimating strong‐motion duration in sites characterized by soft‐soil profiles are presented in this paper. The models were developed using a strong‐motion database that includes observations from subduction interface earthquakes that occurred from 1989 to 2020 and recorded in Mexico City, which is located at source‐to‐site distances up to 600 km. A linear mixed‐effects regression model, which is a statistical fitting procedure that allows to consider the correlation structure of grouped data, was used to develop the predictive models. Relative significant duration was selected to measure strong‐motion duration. This measure can be directly associated with the accumulation of energy of the ground movement. The proposed predictive models relate relative significant duration with moment magnitude, either hypocentral distance or closest distance to the rupture plane, and dominant period of the soil. Regression analyses were performed grouping the ground‐motion data by both seismic event and site class. Model assumptions, such as homoscedasticity, normality, and linearity of effects, were verified from residual analyses. From the results, the expected value of the natural logarithm of relative significant duration was found to be ∼1.2 times greater for an earthquake with a moment magnitude equal to 8.0 than for one of 6.0. An insightful discussion about the sources and character of the uncertainties detected in the proposed predictive models is also presented in this study. The predictive models proposed in this paper are of valuable application in seismic and structural engineering because they allow to circumscribe properly the dimension and randomness of strong‐motion duration.
‘Fluvial geomorphology and environmental design’: Restitution for damage, rehabilitation, restoration or rewilding?
Authors: Newson Malcolm 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGregory's pioneering work on progressive river channel change, driven in England by both natural and anthropogenic forces, helped to guide major concepts and roles for fluvial geomorphology. It opened the door to a steep rise of applied fluvial geomorphology and a bigger role in public policy and river basin management.The channel change paradigm spans the millennia; by the late 20th century, the extent of Anthropocene harm to rivers justified both a radical label as ‘damage’ and a professional focus to prescribe remedies. Imitating engineering, then dominant in river management, Gregory favoured the term ‘design’. The damage principally impacted river habitat and increasing collaboration with freshwater ecologists in the restitution of damage became part of the international move to ‘river science’. European legislation strengthened the legal status of physical habitat in overall river quality.In the 21st century fluvial geomorphology has both strengthened and diversified further within ‘river science’, but also gaining social, behavioural, even political, insights through ‘citizen science’ and the ‘co‐design’ of river corridor projects with communities. The professional challenges of the climate and biodiversity emergencies return us to Gregory's question, ‘how applied should we become?’ The increasingly public profiles of, for example, flood risk policy require river scientists to participate in recommending and co‐designing options such as rehabilitation, restoration and rewilding. The separate and joint contributions of these options are discussed through the geomorphological prism. Progressive and episodic channel changes will increase as the drivers and remedies interact; we must play a role in scenario setting and adaptive management, promoting workable collaboration between natural and social sciences, especially in the contested field of design.
DEEDSP: Deadline‐aware and energy‐efficient dynamic service placement in integrated Internet of Things and fog computing environments
Authors: Sri Raghavendra Meeniga , Chawla Priyanka , Singh Gill Sukhpal 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFog computing has become adaptable and also as a promising infrastructure for providing elastic resources at the edge of the network. Fog computing reduces the transmission latency and consumption of bandwidth while processing the incoming requests from various Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Moreover, fog computing can support and facilitate geographically distributed applications with low and predictable latency. However, this technology also has significant research issues in its current stage such as successful implementation of service location models. In this article, we propose a deadline‐aware and energy‐efficient dynamic service placement (DEEDSP) technique for fog computing that supports the placement of IoT based services. Further, hyper‐heuristic algorithm based energy‐efficient service placement technique is proposed to balance the energy‐delay trade‐off based on different service placement decision criteria (eg, minimum response time or energy consumption). The proposed algorithm is able to dynamically minimize the energy consumption of the system while ensuring that the response time satisfies a given time constraint. Finally, the proposed technique is evaluated in simulated fog computing environment and experimental results show that this technique performs better than state‐of‐the‐art placement techniques in terms of energy and latency.
Geographic variation in management of patients with placenta accreta spectrum: An international survey of experts (GPASS)
Authors: Brown Alec D. , Hart Jessica M. , Modest Anna M. , Hess Philip E. , Abbas Ahmed M. , Nieto‐Calvache Albaro J. , Bhide Amarnath , Lim Boon , Dunjin Chen , Palacios‐Jaraquemada José , Sentilhes Loïc , Soma‐Pillay Priya , Aryananda Rozi A. , Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Wang Shan , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Shainker Scott A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe global geographic variations in the diagnosis and management of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).MethodsAn international cross‐sectional study was conducted among PAS experts practicing at medical institutions in member states of the United Nations. Survey questions focused on diagnostic evaluation and management strategies for PAS.ResultsA total of 134 centers participated. Participating centers represented each of the United Nations' designated regions. Of those, 118 (88%) reported practicing in a medium‐volume or high‐volume center. First‐trimester PAS screen was reported in 35 (26.1%) centers. Respondents consistently implement guideline‐supported care practices, including utilization of ultrasound as the primary diagnostic modality (134, 100%) and implementation of multidisciplinary care teams (115, 85.8%). Less than 10% of respondents reported routinely managing PAS without hysterectomy; these centers were predominantly located in Europe and Africa. Antepartum management and availability of mental health support for PAS patients varied widely.ConclusionWorldwide, there is a strong adherence to PAS care guidelines; however, regional variations do exist. Comparing variations in care to outcomes will provide insight into the clinically significant practice variability.
Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography as a tool for three‐dimensional in vivo quantification of healthy epidermis: A pilot study
Authors: Chauvel‐Picard Julie , Bérot Vincent , Tognetti Linda , Orte Cano Carmen , Fontaine Margot , Lenoir Clément , Pérez‐Anker Javiera , Puig Susana , Dubois Arnaud , Forestier Sandra , Monnier Jilliana , Jdid Randa , Cazorla Gabriel , Pedrazzani Mélanie , Sanchez Antoine , Fischman Sébastien , Rubegni Pietro , del Marmol Véronique , Malvehy Joseph , Cinotti Elisa , Perrot Jean L. , Suppa Mariano 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEpidermal three‐dimensional (3D) topography/quantification has not been completely characterized yet. The recently developed line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT) provides real‐time, high‐resolution, in‐vivo 3D imaging of the skin. This pilot study aimed at quantifying epidermal metrics (epidermal thicknesses, dermal‐epidermal junction [DEJ] undulation and keratinocyte number/shape/size) using 3D LC‐OCT. For each study participant (8 female, skin‐type‐II, younger/older volunteers), seven body sites were imaged with LC‐OCT. Epidermal metrics were calculated by segmentations and measurements assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) when appropriate. Thicknesses of epidermis/SC, DEJ undulation and keratinocyte nuclei volume varied across body sites. Evidence of keratinocyte maturation was observed in vivo: keratinocyte nuclei being small/spherical near the DEJ and flatter/elliptical near the skin surface. Skin microanatomy can be quantified by combining LC‐OCT and AI. This technology could be highly relevant to understand aging processes and conditions linked to epidermal disorders. Future clinical/research applications are to be expected in this scenario.
Application of Sigma metrics in the quality control strategies of immunology and protein analytes
Authors: Luo Yanfen , Yan Xingxing , Xiao Qian , Long Yifei , Pu Jieying , Li Qiwei , Cai Yimei , Chen Yushun , Zhang Hongyuan , Chen Cha , Ou Songbang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSix Sigma (6σ) is an efficient laboratory management method. We aimed to analyze the performance of immunology and protein analytes in terms of Six Sigma.MethodsAssays were evaluated for these 10 immunology and protein analytes: Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Immunoglobulin A (IgA), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Complement 3 (C3), Complement 4 (C4), Prealbumin (PA), Rheumatoid factor (RF), Anti streptolysin O (ASO), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and Cystatin C (Cys C). The Sigma values were evaluated based on bias, four different allowable total error (TEa) and coefficient of variation (CV) at QC materials levels 1 and 2 in 2020. Sigma Method Decision Charts were established. Improvement measures of analytes with poor performance were recommended according to the quality goal index (QGI), and appropriate quality control rules were given according to the Sigma values.ResultsWhile using the TEaNCCL, 90% analytes had a world‐class performance with σ>6, Cys C showed marginal performance with σ<4. While using minimum, desirable, and optimal biological variation of TEa, only three (IgG, IgM, and CRP), one (CRP), and one (CRP) analytes reached 6σ level, respectively. Based on σNCCL that is calculated from TEaNCCL, Sigma Method Decision Charts were constructed. For Cys C, five multi‐rules (13s/22s/R4s/41s/6X, N = 6, R = 1, Batch length: 45) were adopted for QC management. The remaining analytes required only one QC rule (13s, N = 2, R = 1, Batch length: 1000). Cys C need to improve precision (QGI = 0.12).ConclusionsThe laboratories should choose appropriate TEa goals and make judicious use of Sigma metrics as a quality improvement tool.
Roles of extracellular vesicles in the aging microenvironment and age‐related diseases
Authors: Yin Yujia , Chen Huihui , Wang Yizhi , Zhang Ludi , Wang Xipeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCellular senescence is a persistently hypoproliferative state with diverse stressors in a specific aging microenvironment. Senescent cells have a double‐edged sword effect: they can be physiologically beneficial for tissue repair, organ growth, and body homeostasis, and they can be pathologically harmful in age‐related diseases. Among the hallmarks of senescence, the SASP, especially SASP‐related extracellular vesicle (EV) signalling, plays the leading role in aging transmission via paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. EVs are successful in intercellular and interorgan communication in the aging microenvironment and age‐related diseases. They have detrimental effects on downstream targets at the levels of immunity, inflammation, gene expression, and metabolism. Furthermore, EVs obtained from different donors are also promising materials and tools for antiaging treatments and are used for regeneration and rejuvenation in cell‐free systems. Here, we describe the characteristics of cellular senescence and the aging microenvironment, concentrating on the production and function of EVs in age‐related diseases, and provide new ideas for antiaging therapy with EVs.
Trans‐10 18:1 in ruminant meats: A review
Authors: Alves Susana P. , Vahmani Payam , Mapiye Cletos , McAllister Tim A. , Bessa Rui J. B. , Dugan Michael E. R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTrans(t) fatty acids (TFA) from partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (i.e., industrialtrans) have been phased out of foods in many countries due to their promotion of cardiovascular disease. This leaves ruminant‐derived foods as the main source of TFA. Unlike industrial TFA where catalytic hydrogenation yields a broad distribution of isomers, ruminant TFA are enzymatically derived and can result in enrichment of specific isomers. Comparisons between industrial and ruminant TFA have often exonerated ruminant TFA due to their lack or at times positive effects on health. At extremes, however, ruminant‐sourced foods can have either high levels oft10‐ ort11‐18:1, and when considering enriched sources,t10‐18:1 has properties similar to industrial TFA, whereast11‐18:1 can be converted to an isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (cis(c)9,t11‐conjugated linoleic acid), both of which have potential positive health effects. Increasedt10‐18:1 in meat‐producing ruminants has not been associated with negative effects on live animal production or meat quality. As such, reducingt10‐18:1 has not been of immediate concern to ruminant meat producers, as there have been no economic consequences for its enrichment; nevertheless at high levels, it can compromise the nutritional quality of beef and lamb. In anticipation that regulations regarding TFA may focus more ont10‐18:1 in beef and lamb, the present review will cover its production, analysis, biological effects, strategies for manipulation, and regulatory policy.
Biomimetic Graphene/Spongin Scaffolds for Improved Osteoblasts Bioactivity via Dynamic Mechanical Stimulation
Authors: Semitela Ângela , Carvalho Sara , Fernandes Cristiana , Pinto Susana , Fateixa Sara , Nogueira Helena I. S. , Bdikin Igor , Completo António , Marques Paula A. A. P. , Gonçalves Gil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiomimetics offers excellent prospects for design a novel generation of improved biomaterials. Here the controlled integration of graphene oxide (GO) derivatives with a 3D marine spongin (MS) network is explored to nanoengineer novel smart bio‐based constructs for bone tissue engineering. The results point out that 3D MS surfaces can be homogeneously coated by layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly of oppositely charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) and GO. Notably, the GOPEI@MS bionanocomposites present a high structural and mechanical stability under compression tests in wet conditions (shape memory). Dynamic mechanically (2 h of sinusoidal compression cyclic interval (0.5 Hz, 0–10% strain)/14 d) stimulates GOPEI@MS seeded with osteoblast (MC3T3‐E1), shows a significant improvement in bioactivity, with cell proliferation being two times higher than under static conditions. Besides, the dynamic assays show that GOPEI@MS bionanocomposites are able to act as mechanical stimulus‐responsive scaffolds able to resemble physiological bone extracellular matrix (ECM) requirements by strongly triggering mineralization of the bone matrix. These results prove that the environment created by the system cell‐GOPEI@MS is suitable for controlling the mechanisms regulating mechanical stimulation‐induced cell proliferation for potential in vivo experimentation.
Visible Light Induced Conventional Step‐Growth and Chain‐Growth Condensation Polymerizations by Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
Authors: Kiliclar Huseyin Cem , Gencosman Emirhan , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA novel visible light induced step‐growth polymerization by electrophilic aromatic substitution between photochemically generated carbocations and dimethoxybenzene nucleophile is described. Conventional step‐growth polymerization and chain‐growth condensation polymerization (CCP) mechanisms are presented. It is found that by changing the molar ratios of the monomers slightly, the CCP mechanism becomes operative and relatively higher molecular weight polymers are obtained because of the higher reactivity of the end groups of the intermediates and oligomers than that of the monomers. The possibility of grafting onto polymers containing epoxide at their side chains by photoinduced chain end activation of poly(dimethoxyphenylene methylene) is demonstrated. This study is expected to promote potential applications of the combination of photoinduced electron transfer reactions and CCP in macromolecular synthesis and material science.
Pragmatic Approach on Neuroimaging Techniques for the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonisms
Authors: Peralta Cecilia , Strafella Antonio P. , van Eimeren Thilo , Ceravolo Roberto , Seppi Klaus , Kaasinen Valtteri , Arena Julieta E. , Lehericy Stephane ,   the International Parkinson Movement Disorders Society‐Neuroimaging Study Group
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundRapid advances in neuroimaging technologies in the exploration of the living human brain also apply to movement disorders. However, the accurate diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian disorders (APDs) still remains a challenge in daily practice.MethodsWe review the literature and our own experience as the Movement Disorder Society–Neuroimaging Study Group in Movement Disorders with the aim of providing a practical approach to the use of imaging technologies in the clinical setting.ResultsThe enormous amount of articles published so far and our increasing recognition of imaging technologies contrast with a lack of imaging protocols and updated algorithms for differential diagnosis. The distinctive pathological involvement in different brain structures and the correlation with imaging findings obtained with magnetic resonance, positron emission tomography, or single‐photon emission computed tomography illustrate what qualitative and quantitative measures may be useful in the clinical setting.ConclusionWe delineate a pragmatic approach to discuss imaging technologies, updated imaging algorithms, and their implications for differential diagnoses in PD and APDs.
Three‐dimensional analytical continuum model for axially loaded noncircular piles in multilayered elastic soil
Authors: Li Xiancheng , Zhou Hang , Liu Hanlong , Chen Zhixiong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo investigate the settlement response, load transfer behavior, and geometric effect of noncircular piles, a general three‐dimensional (3D) analytical continuum model for axially loaded noncircular pile‐multilayered homogeneous soil systems is presented. In the analysis, both the vertical and horizontal soil displacement fields are considered, and the variations of the soil displacement components are described by the three displacement transfer functions along the x, y, and z directions. The governing differential equations of noncircular piles and soil are derived by applying the principle minimum potential energy and variational method to the pile‐soil system. A complex variable function conformal mapping technique is introduced to overcome the complex boundary conditions of the transfer functions. Then, the numerical solutions of all the governing differential equations are simultaneously solved following an iterative algorithm. The reliability of this approach is validated by comparing some pile and soil responses with the results from existing analytical solutions or a rigorous finite element analysis. Differences in the settlement response and the axial force distribution between noncircular and circular piles are observed. In addition, the pile shaft resistance along the perimeter of the cross‐sections shows that a greater load is required in order to fully mobilize the ultimate resistance of the noncircular piles. We also compare the stress () contours of some typical noncircular piles with a circular pile, which provides useful insights into the geometric effect.
Preparation and Crystallization of Magnetic Glass‐Ceramics from the Residues after Sulfur Release and Iron Recovery from Copper Ore Tailings with Varied CaO Content
Authors: Luo Bing , Peng Tongjiang , Sun Hongjuan , Hui Tao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo comprehensively reuse copper ore tailings (COT), the fabrication of glass‐ceramics by the direct sintering method was investigated, where the residues after sulfur release and iron recovery from copper ore tailings were used as raw materials. The effect of the CaO added on the fabrication of glass‐ceramics was emphasized. After analysis of chemical composition and thermodynamics, crystallization kinetics were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and fitted to the Kissinger equation. The crystal phase and microstructure of sintered glass‐ceramics heated between 1080 °C and 1100 °C were estimated by X‐Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. Furthermore, the effects of the addition of CaO on the properties of the sintered glass‐ceramics have been discussed. The results showed that the magnetic glass‐ceramics were sintered by the residues successfully, the color of which was lighter than that of glass‐ceramics sintered by raw materials before iron recovery. According to the XRD analysis, hedenbergite, wollastonite and sekaninaite were formed with traces of maghemite and quartz. In terms of crystallization kinetics and sintering results, a decrease in the activation energies of crystallization and in sintering temperature were observed for an increase in the addition of CaO of up to 10 wt.%. Moreover, the properties of the sintered glass‐ceramics, including bulk density, linear shrinkage and flexural strength, were enhanced, while water absorption and true density were reduced with the increase of the amount of CaO added.
Hygrothermal vibration of a laminated sandwich plate with magnetostrictive faces and a homogeneous core
Authors: Zenkour Ashraf M. , El‐Shahrany Hela D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHygrothermal forced vibration and damping analyses of a simply supported symmetric laminated composite plate with homogeneous core and magnetostrictive layers are examined using the exponential displacement model in this article. Three hygrothermal environment distribution types are investigated: uniform, linear and nonlinear rises in the present analysis. The equations of motion for laminated rectangular plates subjected to hygrothermal loads and in‐plane forces in x and y directions are developed through Hamilton's principle. The closed‐form solution is arrived at based on Navier's technique to analyze the hygrothermal effect on the vibrational behavior of the structure. Some parametric examples are presented to discuss the effects of the smart layer location, lamination schemes, mode number, aspect ratio, thickness ratio, feedback gain control value, in‐plane forces, core thickness‐to‐fiber reinforced layer thickness ratio, magnetostrictive layer thickness to fiber‐reinforced layer thickness ratio, temperature and moisture changes on vibration response of the proposed model. The study results illustrate that the high hygro ratio weakens the plate stiffness, and accordingly, the amplitude of the deflection increases with raising the moisture and/or temperature. The numerical results emphasize the strong role of the feedback control gain values and the smart layer position in controlling the system vibration. The largest deflections and highest damping time interval happen in the uniform temperature distribution and moisture concentration case. Moreover, the vibration frequencies of the thin smart plates are smaller than the thick ones.