bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ and professionals’ views related to ethical issues in precision medicine: a mixed research synthesis
Authors: Erdmann Anke , Rehmann-Sutter Christoph , Bozzaro Claudia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Precision medicine development is driven by the possibilities of next generation sequencing, information technology and artificial intelligence and thus, raises a number of ethical questions. Empirical studies have investigated such issues from the perspectives of health care professionals, researchers and patients. We synthesize the results from these studies in this review.

Methods
We used a systematic strategy to search, screen and assess the literature for eligibility related to our research question. The initial search for empirical studies in five data bases provided 665 different records and we selected 92 of these publications for inclusion in this review. Data were extracted in a spreadsheet and categorized into different topics representing the views on ethical issues in precision medicine.

Results
Many patients and professionals expect high benefits from precision medicine and have a positive attitude towards it. However, patients and professionals also perceive some risks. Commonly perceived risks include: lack of evidence for accuracy of tests and efficacy of treatments; limited knowledge of patients, which makes informed consent more difficult; possible unavailability of access to precision medicine for underprivileged people and ethnic minorities; misuse of data by insurance companies and employers, potential of racial stigmatization due to genetic information; unwanted communication of incidental findings; changes in doctor-patient-relationship through focusing on data; and the problem that patients could feel under pressure to optimize their health.

Conclusions
National legislation and guidelines already minimize many risks associated with precision medicine. However, from our perspective some problems require more attention. Should hopes for precision medicine’s benefits be fulfilled, then the ethical principle of justice would require an unlimited access to precision medicine for all people. The potential for autonomous patients’ decisions must be greatly enhanced by improvements in patient education. Harm from test results must be avoided in any case by the highest possible data security level and communication guidelines. Changes in the doctor-patient relationship and the impact of precision medicine on the quality of life should be further investigated. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of precision medicine should be further examined, in order to avoid malinvestment.
The face of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples of two Iranian teaching hospitals
Authors: Sanikhani Rahimeh , Moeinirad Mohammad , Solgi Hamid , Hadadi Azar , Shahcheraghi Fereshteh , Badmasti Farzad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has emerged as a pathogen of global concern. In this study, both phenotypic and genotypic tests were used to detect hvKp. Antimicrobial resistance profiles and clonal relatedness of clinical isolates were also determined. We found that 34.2% (163/477) of the isolates were tellurite resistant, and among them 102 hvKp isolates detected with iucA or iutA or peg-344 as molecular markers. The blaSHV (80.4%), followed by blaCTX-M-15 (76.5%) and blaTEM (67.6%), blaOXA-48 (53.9%), and blaNDM-1 (32.3%) were detected, while blaKPC-1 was not present in any hvKp isolates. It was found that the majority of hvKp isolates belonged to capsular serotype K20 and ompK36 group C, which is related to clonal group (CG) 23 (e.g. ST23). A high percentage of multidrug-resistant hvKp (76.6%) and high resistance to imipenem (67%) indicated a serious problem that should be addressed in the clinical setting.
Circular RNA circRNF13 inhibits proliferation and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via SUMO2
Authors: Mo Yongzhen , Wang Yumin , Zhang Shuai , Xiong Fang , Yan Qijia , Jiang Xianjie , Deng Xiangying , Wang Yian , Fan Chunmei , Tang Le , Zhang Shanshan , Gong Zhaojian , Wang Fuyan , Liao Qianjin , Guo Can , Li Yong , Li Xiaoling , Li Guiyuan , Zeng Zhaoyang , Xiong Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely expressed in human cells and are closely associated with cancer development. However, they have rarely been investigated in the context of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods
We screened a new circRNA, circRNF13, in NPC cells using next-generation sequencing of mRNA. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to detect circRNF13 expression in 12 non-tumor nasopharyngeal epithelial (NPE) tissues and 36 NPC samples. Cell proliferation was detected using MTT and flow cytometry assays, and colony formation capability was detected using colony formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed using wound-healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Cell glycolysis was analyzed using the Seahorse glycolytic stress test. Glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) ubiquitination and SUMOylation modifications were analyzed using co-immunoprecipitation and western blotting. CircRNF13 and Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 2 (SUMO2) interactions were analyzed using RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. Finally, to test whether circRNF13 inhibited NPC proliferation and metastasis in vivo, we used a xenograft nude mouse model generated by means of subcutaneous or tail vein injection.

Results
We found that circRNF13 was stably expressed at low levels in NPC clinical tissues and NPC cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that circRNF13 inhibited NPC proliferation and metastasis. Moreover, circRNF13 activated the SUMO2 protein by binding to the 3′- Untranslated Region (3′-UTR) of the SUMO2 gene and prolonging the half-life of SUMO2 mRNA. Upregulation of SUMO2 promotes GLUT1 degradation through SUMOylation and ubiquitination of GLUT1, which regulates the AMPK-mTOR pathway by inhibiting glycolysis, ultimately resulting in the proliferation and metastasis of NPC.

Conclusions
Our results revealed that a novel circRNF13 plays an important role in the development of NPC through the circRNF13-SUMO2-GLUT1 axis. This study implies that circRNF13 mediates glycolysis in NPC by binding to SUMO2 and provides an important theoretical basis for further elucidating the pathogenesis of NPC and targeted therapy.
A mass casualty incident of infectious diseases at the port of Hamburg: an analysis of organizational structures and emergency concepts
Authors: Klein Angelina , Heuser Julian , Henning Esther , Sprössel Nadine , Kordsmeyer Ann-Christin , Oldenburg Marcus , Mojtahedzadeh Natascha , Heidrich Jan , Militzer Kristina Carolin , Belz Lukas , von Münster Thomas , Harth Volker , Ehlers Lena , de Boer Jens , Kleine-Kampmann Scarlett , Boldt Matthias , Dirksen-Fischer Martin , Haralambiev Lyubomir , Gümbel Denis , Ekkernkamp Axel , Bakir M. Sinan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe project “ARMIHN” (Adaptive Resiliency Management in Port) focuses on strengthening the capability to act in a mass casualty incident (MCI) due to an outbreak of infectious diseases (MCI-ID). In addition to the current threat from the COVID-19 pandemic and associated outbreaks on cruise ships, previous MCI-ID were especially caused by pathogens such as Influenza virus or Norovirus. The first step was, to get an overview of processes and resources using the example of the Port of Hamburg, and to show the associated interaction of involved parties. This will serve as a basis for developing an operational strategy and offers the opportunity to optimize current work processes.MethodsA selective literature research using specified key words was performed and existing MCI concepts were received from local authorities. Identified structures and processes were analyzed in a multiple step process and also brought together through discussions in workshops with involved organizations and other experts. Additionally, the distances between the nearest rescue stations and selected hospitals from the Port of Hamburg were analyzed.ResultsThe current available concepts are proven, but an adaptation to an MCI-ID shows opportunities for a further cross-organizational development. The organizational structure of an MCI-ID in the Port of Hamburg was described, including a large number of involved organizations (n = 18). There are 17 involved fire and rescue stations and the port can be reached from these locations within 6 to 35 min. Based on their specialist expertise, 14 of the 31 listed clinics were selected.ConclusionThe purpose of the study was to provide an analysis of the current situation and show how involved parties would cope an MCI. A description of processes and resources at the Port of Hamburg will be used when designing a management plan for responding to an MCI-ID.
CIRP promotes the progression of non-small cell lung cancer through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling via CTNNB1
Authors: Liao Yi , Feng Jianguo , Sun Weichao , Wu Chao , Li Jingyao , Jing Tao , Liang Yuteng , Qian Yonghui , Liu Wenlan , Wang Haidong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Cold-inducible RNA binding protein (CIRP) is a newly discovered proto-oncogene. In this study, we investigated the role of CIRP in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using patient tissue samples, cultured cell lines and animal lung cancer models.

Methods
Tissue arrays, IHC and HE staining, immunoblotting, and qRT-PCR were used to detect the indicated gene expression; plasmid and siRNA transfections as well as viral infection were used to manipulate gene expression; cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell migration and invasion analysis, soft agar colony formation assay, tail intravenous injection and subcutaneous inoculation of animal models were performed to study the role of CIRP in NSCLC cells; Gene expression microarray was used to select the underlying pathways; and RNA immunoprecipitation assay, biotin pull-down assay, immunopurification assay, mRNA decay analyses and luciferase reporter assay were performed to elucidate the mechanisms. The log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test, independent sample T-test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, Spearman rank test and two-tailed independent sample T-test were used accordingly in our study.

Results
Our data showed that CIRP was highly expressed in NSCLC tissue, and its level was negatively correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients. By manipulating CIRP expression in A549, H460, H1299, and H1650 cell lines, we demonstrated that CIRP overexpression promoted the transition of G1/G0 phase to S phase and the formation of an enhanced malignant phenotype of NSCLC, reflected by increased proliferation, enhanced invasion/metastasis and greater tumorigenic capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome sequencing further demonstrated that CIRP acted on the cell cycle, DNA replication and Wnt signaling pathway to exert its pro-oncogenic action. Mechanistically, CIRP directly bound to the 3′- and 5′-UTRs of CTNNB1 mRNA, leading to enhanced stability and translation of CTNNB1 mRNA and promoting IRES-mediated protein synthesis, respectively. Eventually, the increased CTNNB1 protein levels mediated excessive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its downstream targets C-myc, COX-2, CCND1, MMP7, VEGFA and CD44.

Conclusion
Our results support CIRP as a candidate oncogene in NSCLC and a potential target for NSCLC therapy.
SHOX2 cooperates with STAT3 to promote breast cancer metastasis through the transcriptional activation of WASF3
Authors: Teng Yong , Loveless Reid , Benson Elayne M , Sun Li , Shull Austin Y , Shay Chloe 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Metastasis is most often the root cause of cancer-related death. Human short stature homeobox 2 (SHOX2), a homeodomain transcription factor, is a novel inducer of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells, though its exact role and underlying mechanisms in metastasis are not well understood.

Methods
TCGA analysis was performed to identify the clinical relevance of SHOX2 in breast cancer. Gene depletion was achieved by short hairpin RNA and small interfering RNA. Molecular regulations and alterations were assessed by Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with qPCR (ChIP-qPCR), and ChIP/re-ChIP. The impact of SHOX2 signaling on tumor growth and metastasis was evaluated in orthotopic breast tumor mice.

Results
The expression level of SHOX2 is strongly associated with poor distant metastasis-free survival in breast cancer patients and inactivation of SHOX2 suppresses breast tumor growth and metastasis in mice. In breast cancer cells, SHOX2 directly activates Wiskott-Aldridge syndrome protein family member 3 (WASF3), a metastasis-promoting gene, at the transcriptional level, leading to a significant increase in metastatic potential. Mechanistically, SHOX2 activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and recruits it to the WASF3 promoter, where STAT3 cooperates with SHOX2 to form a functional immunocomplex to promote WASF3 transcriptional activity in breast cancer cells. WASF3 knockdown abrogates SHOX2-induced metastasis, but not SHOX2-dependent tumorigenesis.

Conclusions
These findings provide a critical link between the SHOX2-STAT3-WASF3 signaling axis and metastasis and suggest that the targeting of this signaling node may represent a valuable alternative strategy for combating breast cancer metastasis.
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of the veno-arterial PCO2 gap
Authors: Ltaief Zied , Schneider Antoine Guillaume , Liaudet Lucas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2021. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from https://link.springer.com/bookseries/8901.
Acute kidney injury in ECMO patients
Authors: Ostermann Marlies , Lumlertgul Nuttha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2021. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from https://link.springer.com/bookseries/8901.
Management of acute metabolic acidosis in the ICU: sodium bicarbonate and renal replacement therapy
Authors: Yagi Kosuke , Fujii Tomoko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2021. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from https://link.springer.com/bookseries/8901.
Comprehensive versus standard care in post-severe acute kidney injury survivors, a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Thanapongsatorn Peerapat , Chaikomon Kamolthip , Lumlertgul Nuttha , Yimsangyad Khanitha , Leewongworasingh Akarathep , Kulvichit Win , Sirivongrangson Phatadon , Peerapornratana Sadudee , Chaijamorn Weerachai , Avihingsanon Yingyos , Srisawat Nattachai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, there is a lack of evidence to guide optimal care for acute kidney injury (AKI) survivors. Therefore, post-discharge care by a multidisciplinary care team (MDCT) may improve these outcomes. This study aimed to demonstrate the outcomes of implementing comprehensive care by a MDCT in severe AKI survivors.MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled trial conducted between August 2018 to January 2021. Patients who survived severe AKI stage 2–3 were enrolled and randomized to be followed up with either comprehensive or standard care for 12 months. The comprehensive post-AKI care involved an MDCT (nephrologists, nurses, nutritionists, and pharmacists). The primary outcome was the feasibility outcomes; comprising of the rates of loss to follow up, 3-d dietary record, drug reconciliation, and drug alert rates at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included major adverse kidney events, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and the amount of albuminuria at 12 months.ResultsNinety-eight AKI stage 3 survivors were enrolled and randomized into comprehensive care and standard care groups (49 patients in each group). Compared to the standard care group, the comprehensive care group had significantly better feasibility outcomes; 3-d dietary record, drug reconciliation, and drug alerts (p < 0.001). The mean eGFR at 12 months were comparable between the two groups (66.74 vs. 61.12 mL/min/1.73 m2,p = 0.54). The urine albumin: creatinine ratio (UACR) was significantly lower in the comprehensive care group (36.83 vs. 177.70 mg/g,p = 0.036), while the blood pressure control was also better in the comprehensive care group (87.9% vs. 57.5%,p = 0.006). There were no differences in the other renal outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionsComprehensive care by an MDCT is feasible and could be implemented for severe AKI survivors. MDCT involvement also yields better reduction of the UACR and better blood pressure control.Trial registrationClinicaltrial.gov: NCT04012008 (First registered July 9, 2019).
Prevalence trends of depression and anxiety symptoms in adults with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes 1995–2019: The HUNT studies, Norway
Authors: Bojanić Ivana , Sund Erik R. , Sletvold Hege , Bjerkeset Ottar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms of depression and anxiety are common in adults with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes mellitus (DM). The literature on depression and anxiety in CVDs and DM populations is extensive; however, studies examining these relationships over time, directly compared to adults without these conditions, are still lacking. This study aimed to investigate trends in depression and anxiety symptom prevalence over more than 20 years in adults with CVDs and DM compared to the general population.MethodsWe used data from the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway, including adults (≥ 20 years) from three waves; the HUNT2 (1995–97; n = 65,228), HUNT3 (2006–08; n = 50,800) and HUNT4 (2017–19; n = 56,042). Depressive and anxiety symptom prevalence was measured independently by the Hospital Anxiety and Depressions scale (HADS) in sex-stratified samples. We analyzed associations of these common psychological symptoms with CVDs and DM over time using multi-level random-effects models, accounting for repeated measurements and individual variation.ResultsOverall, the CVDs groups reported higher levels of depression than those free of CVDs in all waves of the study. Further, depressive and anxiety symptom prevalence in adults with and without CVDs and DM declined from HUNT2 to HUNT4, whereas women reported more anxiety than men. Positive associations of depression and anxiety symptoms with CVDs and DM in HUNT2 declined over time. However, associations of CVDs with depression symptoms remained over time in men. Moreover, in women, DM was associated with increased depression symptom risk in HUNT2 and HUNT4.ConclusionsDepression and anxiety symptoms are frequent in adults with CVDs. Further, our time trend analysis indicates that anxiety and depression are differentially related to CVDs and DM and sex. This study highlights the importance of awareness and management of psychological symptoms in CVDs and DM populations.
Using airborne vector magnetic data to calculate the projection of the magnetic anomaly vector onto a normal geomagnetic field
Authors: Xie Rukuan , Xiong Shengqing , Duan Shuling , Wang Jinlong , Wang Ping , Luo Yao , Liu Haojun , Fan Zhengguo 
Published: August 2021

The total-field magnetic anomaly [Formula: see text] is an approximation of the projection [Formula: see text] of the magnetic anomaly vector [Formula: see text] onto the normal geomagnetic field [Formula: see text]. However, for highly magnetic sources, the approximation error of [Formula: see text] cannot be ignored. To reduce the error, we have developed a method for calculating [Formula: see text] by using airborne vector magnetic data based on the vector relationship of geomagnetic field [Formula: see text]. The calculation uses the magnitude of the vectors [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] through a simple approach. To ensure that each magnitude has the same level, we normalize the magnitude of [Formula: see text] using the total-field magnetic data measured by the scalar magnetic sensor. The method is applied to the measured airborne vector magnetic data at the Qixin area of the East Tianshan Mountains in China. The results indicate that the calculated [Formula: see text] has high precision and can distinguish the approximation error of approximately 0.1 nT. We also analyze the characteristics of the approximation error that are caused by the effects of different total magnetization inclinations. These error characteristics are used to predict the total magnetization inclination of a 2D magnetic source based on the measured airborne vector magnetic data.
Seismic imaging of the Caosiyao giant porphyry molybdenum deposit using ambient noise tomography
Authors: Chen Guoxiong , Cheng Qiuming , Luo Yinhe , Yang Yingjie , Xu Hongrui , Deng Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2021

As a new emerging seismic method for delineating subsurface structure, the potential of ambient noise tomography (ANT) is investigated for mineral deposit targeting at the exploration scale. This passive seismic technique is used to image the subsurface 3D S-wave velocity of the Caosiyao porphyry molybdenum deposit in the North China Craton. Intriguingly, the key structures of this giant porphyry mineral system down to the depth of 2 km are characterized by distinct S-wave velocity anomalies, with ore deposition sites and fluid pathways (faults) characterized by distinct velocity lows, whereas fluid drivers (granites) generate velocity highs. The 3D S-wave velocity anomalies, along with seismic reflection profile and potential field data, allow us to delineate the deep-seated ore-controlling structures such as fault systems, granitic plutons, and even ore deposition sites under thickly covered sediments in the study area. The results suggest that the occurrence of the Caosiyao ore deposit is closely related to the huge amount of magma fluid intruding along the channel of the Datong-Shangyi fault at a depth of >2 km. Our study demonstrates that the ANT technique has the accuracy and resolution needed for mineral exploration targeting at the deposit scale, with a relatively lower environmental impact as well as lower cost than active-source seismology.