bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vacancies and substitutional defects in multicomponent diboride Ti0.25Zr0.25Hf0.25Ta0.25B2: first-principle study
Authors: Matas Martin , Farhadizadeh Alireza , Houska Jiri 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study the hard and electrically conductive multicomponent diboride Ti0.25Zr0.25Hf0.25Ta0.25B2 with high thermal stability by ab-initio calculations. We focus on the effect of defects (either vacancies or C atoms, both relevant for numerous experiments including our own) on material characteristics. Different types, concentrations and distributions of defects were investigated, and the configurations leading to the lowest formation energies were identified. We show that the replacement of B by C is more unfavorable than the formation of B vacancies. We show that vacancies prefer to coalesce into a larger planar void, minimizing the number of broken B–B bonds and the volume per atom, while carbon substitutions at boron sites do not prefer coalescence and tend to minimize the number of C–C bonds. We show the effect of vacancies on mechanical and electronic properties, and use the results to explain experimental data.
Spectrometry of pulsed photon radiation
Authors: Behrens Rolf , Zutz Hayo , Busse Julian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe energy distribution (spectrum) of pulsed photon radiation can hardly be measured using active devices, therefore, a thermoluminescence detector (TLD)-based few-channel spectrometer is used in combination with a Bayesian data analysis to help resolve this problem. The spectrometer consists of 30 TLD layers interspaced by absorbers made of plastics and metals with increasing atomic numbers and thickness. Thus, the main idea behind the device is the deeper the radiation penetrates—the higher the radiation’s energy when the radiation impinges perpendicular to the front of the spectrometer. From the doses measured in the TLD layers and from further prior available information, the photon spectrum is deduced using a Bayesian data analysis leading to absolute spectra and doses including their uncertainties and coverage intervals. This spectrometer was successfully used in two different scenarios, i.e. for the spectrometry of the radiation field two different industrial type open beam pulsed x-ray generators and secondly in three different radiation fields of a medical accelerator.
Modeling Payne effect on basis of linearization of a visco-hyperelastic model
Authors: Bouzidi Safia , Bechir Hocine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present work concerns the modeling of the Payne effect in nonlinear viscoelasticity. This effect is a characteristic property of filled elastomers. Indeed, under cyclic loading of increasing amplitude, a decrease is shown in the storage modulus and a peak in the loss modulus. In this study, the Payne effect is assumed to arise from a change of the material microstructure, i.e. the thixotropy. The so-called intrinsic time or shift time was inferred from solving a differential equation that represents the evolution of a material’s microstructure. Then, the physical time is replaced by the shift time in the framework of a recent fractional visco-hyperelastic model, which was linearized in the neighborhood of a static pre-deformation. As a result, we have investigated the effects of static pre-deformation, frequency, and magnitude of dynamic strain on storage and loss moduli in the steady state. Thereafter, the same set of parameters identified from the complex Young’s modulus was used to predict the stress in the pre-deformed configuration. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proposed model is reasonably accurate in predicting Payne effect.
Core–shell Cu@C@ZIF-8 composite: a high-performance electrode material for electrochemical sensing of nitrite with high selectivity and sensitivity
Authors: Gao Feng , Tu Xiaolong , Yu Yongfang , Gao Yansha , Zou Jin , Liu Shuwu , Qu Fengli , Li Minfang , Lu Limin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Herein, an efficient electrochemical sensing platform is proposed for selective and sensitive detection of nitrite on the basis of Cu@C@Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (Cu@C@ZIF-8) heterostructure. core–shell Cu@C@ZIF-8 composite was synthesized by pyrolysis of Cu-metal-organic framework@ZIF-8 (Cu-MOF@ZIF-8) in Ar atmosphere on account of the difference of thermal stability between Cu-MOF and ZIF-8. For the sensing system of Cu@C@ZIF-8, ZIF-8 with proper pore size allows nitrite diffuse through the shell, while big molecules cannot, which ensures high selectivity of the sensor. On the other hand, Cu@C as electrocatalyst promotes the oxidation of nitrite, thereby resulting high sensitivity of the sensor. Accordingly, the Cu@C@ZIF-8 based sensor presents excellent performance for nitrite detection, which achieves a wide linear response range of 0.1–300.0 μM, and a low limit of detection of 0.033 μM. In addition, the Cu@C@ZIF-8 sensor possesses excellent stability and reproducibility, and was employed to quantify nitrite in sausage samples with recoveries of 95.45%–104.80%.
Enhanced switching ratio of sol–gel-processed Y2O3 RRAM device by suppressing oxygen vacancy formation at high annealing temperatures
Authors: Kim Kyoungdu , Lee Changmin , Lee Won-Yong , Kim Do Won , Kim Hyeon Joong , Lee Sin-Hyung , Bae Jin-Hyuk , Kang In-Man , Jang Jaewon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sol–gel-processed Y2O3 films were used as an active-channel layer for resistive switching memory (RRAM) devices. The influence of post-annealing temperature on structural, chemical, and electrical properties was studied. Y2O3-RRAM devices comprising electrochemically active metal electrodes, Ag, and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes exhibited the conventional bipolar RRAM device operation. The fabricated Ag/Y2O3/ITO RRAM devices, which included 500 °C-annealed Y2O3 films, exhibited less oxygen vacancy and defect sites, reduced the leakage current, increased the high-/low-resistance state ratio of more than 105, and provided excellent nonvolatile memory properties without significant deterioration for 100 cycles and 104 s.
Micromotion minimization using Ramsey interferometry
Authors: Higgins Gerard , Salim Shalina , Zhang Chi , Parke Harry , Pokorny Fabian , Hennrich Markus 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We minimize the stray electric field in a linear Paul trap quickly and accurately, by applying interferometry pulse sequences to a trapped ion optical qubit. The interferometry sequences are sensitive to the change of ion equilibrium position when the trap stiffness is changed, and we use this to determine the stray electric field. The simplest pulse sequence is a two-pulse Ramsey sequence, and longer sequences with multiple pulses offer a higher precision. The methods allow the stray field strength to be minimized beyond state-of-the-art levels. Using a sequence of nine pulses we reduce the 2D stray field strength to (10.5 ± 0.8) mV m−1 in 11 s measurement time. The pulse sequences are easy to implement and automate, and they are robust against laser detuning and pulse area errors. We use interferometry sequences with different lengths and precisions to measure the stray field with an uncertainty below the standard quantum limit. This marks a real-world case in which quantum metrology offers a significant enhancement. Also, we minimize micromotion in 2D using a single probe laser, by using an interferometry method together with the resolved sideband method; this is useful for experiments with restricted optical access. Furthermore, a technique presented in this work is related to quantum protocols for synchronizing clocks; we demonstrate these protocols here.
Switchable and tunable linear cavity erbium-doped fiber laser based on FBGs embedded in Sagnac rings
Authors: Yan Gangxiao , Zhang Weihua , Li Peng , Jiang Qiuhao , Wu Meng , Tong Zhengrong , Wang Xue 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A switchable and tunable erbium-doped fiber laser with a linear cavity based on fiber Bragg gratings embedded in Sagnac rings is proposed and experimentally verified. Due to the stress birefringence effect and the polarized hole burning effect, which are introduced into the single-mode fiber in the polarization controllers (PCs) by the PCs, the designed laser can achieve seven kinds of laser-states output including three kinds of single-wavelength laser states, three kinds of dual-wavelength laser states and one kind of triple-wavelength laser state. The optical signal-to-noise ratios of the output wavelengths are all higher than 52 dB, and the wavelength shifts are all less than 0.04 nm. Furthermore, the temperature tuning of the wavelength range is also researched, which is about 1.2 nm. Due to advantages, such as low cost, simple structure, easy switching and multiple laser states, the designed laser has great application potential in laser radar, optical fiber sensing and so on.
Photonic-crystal-based design and FDTD simulation of all-optical NAND and NOR gates with improved contrast ratio
Authors: Anusooya V , Ponmalar S , Manikandan M S K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The proposed research reports the simulation of a photonic crystal (PhC) ring-resonator-based full-optical NAND and NOR gate design. The designed structure comprises a 18 × 30 square lattice dielectric silicon rod-type PhC with a refractive index of n = 3.46. An interatomic distance ‘a’ of 560 nm, radius ‘r’ of 0.21a (0.133 μm) and input wavelength λ = 1550 nm with an input signal amplitude of 1 volt are used in this design. The proposed structure provides two large band gaps in Transverse Electric polarized mode in the ranges of 1342–1980 nm and 758–779 nm. Similar parameters are used for both NAND and NOR logic gate designs. The functionality of the proposed full-optical gates depends on the ring resonator principle and the intensity of the incident light. Numerical analysis of the simulation is based on the finite difference time domain method, whereas band gap analysis is performed using the plane wave expansion method.
Annihilation diagram contribution to charmonium masses *
Authors: Zhang Renqiang , Sun Wei , Chen Feiyu , Chen Ying , Gong Ming , Jiang Xiangyu , Liu Zhaofeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, we generate gauge configurations with

dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices. The mass shift of

and

charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly in a manner of unitary theory. The distillation method is adopted to treat the charm quark annihilation diagrams at a very precise level. For

charmonia, the charm quark annihilation effect barely changes the

mass, but lifts the

mass by approximately 3–4 MeV. For

charmonia, this effect results in positive mass shifts of approximately 1 MeV for

and

, but decreases the

mass by approximately 3 MeV. We did not obtain a reliable result for the mass shift of

. In addition, we observed that the spin averaged mass of the spin-triplet

charmonia is in good agreement with

, as expected by the non-relativistic quark model and measured by experiments.
Design of an edge TV Thomson scattering diagnostic system on EAST
Authors: Ren M.F. , Zang Q. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study of the edge plasma has significant effect for the performance improvement of magnetic confinement. However, the Thomson scattering system, which has been used to provide electron temperature and electron density on EAST, do not meet the requirements for the edge plasma measurements in measurement region, spatial and spectral resolution. Herein, a TV Thomson scattering diagnostic system has been constructed for the measurements of edge electron temperature and electron density profiles on EAST. A new laser system, optical collection system and data acquisition system are designed to enable the TV Thomson system operate at the measurement region of 0.65–1.1 ρ (“ρ” is the unitary radius in flux coordinate) with spectral resolution of 5 nm and spatial resolution as low as 2 mm. And the theoretical analysis proves that the system has the measurability at electron temperature of 20–1000 eV and density beyond 0.2 × 1019 m-3, which fulfills research of the pedestal microstructure on EAST. The establishment of the edge TV Thomson system can create the conditions for the edge physical study on EAST.
Characterization of a medium-sized CLLB scintillator: single neutron/gamma detector for radiation monitoring
Authors: Pino F. , Fontana C.L. , Delgado J. , Fabris D. , Nebbia G. , Turcato M. , Brunelli D. , Pancheri L. , Quaranta A. , Moretto S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of a single neutron/gamma detector is an interesting solution to detect and identify gamma emitters and also special nuclear materials (SNM), being able to discriminate between the two kinds of particles and also to perform good-resolution gamma spectroscopy.
In this framework, we present a comprehensive characterization of a medium sized (2" × 2") CLLB (Cs2LiLaBr6:Ce) scintillation detector, in order to give the necessary information to assess its deployment in applications regarding homeland security and radiation monitoring. In particular, the parameters studied are: energy resolution, full-energy peak gamma efficiency, time resolution, thermal neutron/gamma discrimination capability, decay time of the signals, high counting rate performance and minimum detectable activities (of 137Cs and 252Cf sources). We employed digital nuclear electronics combined with a pulse shape discrimination algorithm to acquire and analyze the data. We compared our results with reported data for smaller CLLB scintillators, finding good agreement. Experiments were combined with Monte Carlo simulations (using GEANT4 v10.6.0 and MCNP5 v1.60) in order to complement the characterization. The obtained results suggest that the 2” × 2” CLLB detector offers better performance with respect to other scintillators of the same size such as NaI(Tl), CsI, CeBr, etc. which are commonly used in a radiation monitoring systems.
Underlying drivers of decade-long fluctuation in the global mean sea-level rise
Authors: Cha Hyeonsoo , Moon Jae-Hong , Kim Taekyun , Song Y Tony 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNatural climate variability can mask the background trend of global mean sea-level (GMSL) caused by global warming. Recent advances in satellite measurements and ocean heat-content estimates have enabled the monitoring of GMSL budget components and provide insights into ocean effects on the Earth’s energy imbalance and hydrology. We observed a decadal fluctuation in GMSL rise, which coincides with an increasing trend in the 2010s after the warming ‘hiatus’ during the 2000s, and demonstrated that the rate of sea-level rise can be attributed to climate-related decadal fluctuations in ocean heat storage and hydrology. Since ∼2011, the decadal climate variability has resulted in additional ocean mass gain (271 ± 89 Gt yr−1) from glacier-free land water storage and increased ocean heat uptake (0.28 ± 0.17 W m−2), increasing the GMSL rise rate by 1.4 ± 0.4 mm yr−1. The suggested estimates of sea-level and Earth’s energy budgets highlight the importance of natural variability in understanding the impacts of the ongoing sea-level rise.
Environmental attitudes among students of Early Childhood Education program in University of Jember
Authors: Saputri S W D , Budyawati L P I , Aisiyah L N , Widiastuti R Y , Atika A N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to describe the environmental attitudes of students of Early Childhood Education (ECE) program in University of Jember. Descriptive quantitative approach with survey method were employed. For data collection, the Environmental Attitude Scale were distributed to 102 students of ECE program in University of Jember from 2nd, 4th and 6th semester, with age ranged from 19 – 23 years old. Analysis were done based on mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum score computation with N=101. The results of this study indicated that (1) Most students of ECE program in University of Jember have general positive environmental attitude, (2) The energy saving is the most concerned environmental issues among the students, and waste products get the least attention. Some additional findings and limitations are discussed.
Masterplan review Kendari heart special hospital-Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Partogi A , Siahaan U , Eni S P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Health problems are a serious problem for all regions in Indonesia, in this case the provision of adequate health facilities to special / specialist hospital services, which have not been evenly distributed to the districts. To overcome this problem, the Southeast Sulawesi Regional Government plans to build a special heart hospital in the city of Kendari, starting from June 2018 to January 2020 through the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Government’s Regional Budget. The aim of the construction of the Kendari Heart Special Hospital is to provide health facilities in the capital city of Southeast Sulawesi Province, namely Kendari, specifically for heart disease, which will then become a Class A special government hospital in the Southeast Sulawesi Province area. The hospital planning concept is environmentally sustainable development. A review of the hospital’s master plan has been made, starting from the planning stage to land use, space utilization and resource utilization and the survival of the surrounding ecosystem. This research is intended to see the fulfilment of hospital standards that are appropriate as provincial level hospitals, as well as to assess development standards, health standards, environmental standards and review development concepts that refer to the concept of sustainable development.
Performance evaluation of sub ground passive cooling system with Ecotech software simulation (Case study: Pasio Christi Church at Cibunut, Kuningan, West Java)
Authors: Musdinar I , Ardli R A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The church in Cibunut, Kuningan, West Java has implemented a sub ground passive cooling system in its renovated building in 2018. This sub ground passive cooling system has not been widely applied in tropical regions, however the church is trying to implement it. This system is supported by making air wells and flowing cold air through distribution pipes into the room. Because not many people have implemented this system, performance evaluation through an ecotect software simulation is used to determine the success of the system in cooling the room. The research was carried out with the following steps: (i) Data collection in the form of CAD drawings of Cibunut Church building, (ii) Simulation using ecotect software, and (iii) Analysis of simulation results with thermal comfort standards in the tropics. The results of this study are conclusions from the results of simulations and analyzes, as an illustration in applying of the sub ground passive cooling system. This research helps illustrate the difference between buildings that have not applied sub ground passive cooling and buildings that have applied sub ground passive cooling.
Perspectives in evaluating pedestrian facility within transit-oriented development context
Authors: Prayogi L , Sari Y , Prima T S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pedestrian facility is widely agreed an important component of transit-oriented development (TOD). The availability and quality of pedestrian facility relates to and affects other aspects of TOD. This article explores the role of pedestrian facility within TOD. This article is written through a literature review on the available body of knowledge regarding evaluation of pedestrian facility by using the concept of TOD as the base and framework for the literature review. It is found that the physical and perceived quality of the pedestrian facility are to be evaluated. It is found that there are some aspects to be evaluated network wide and some other aspects to be evaluated segment wide. Evaluated objects of the mentioned aspects can be analysed using various techniques and tools, including space syntax analysing using DepthMapX and other analysis using spatial analysis softwares. It is concluded that in order to comprehensively evaluate pedestrian facility within TOD context, various types of evaluation need to be carried out.
Social and physical processes in production of urban public spaces case: Development of RPTRAs in East Jakarta
Authors: Simatupang S , Widati G , Erwin B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Public spaces in the big city of Jakarta are decreasing from year to year due to the ever expanding physical development. However, since 2015 until October 2019 290 RPTRA units had been built in DKI Jakarta where previously public spaces have not been paid much attention to and have always been defeated by more commercial developments. The objectives of this study are to find what structuring forces affect, who actors were involved in the production of those public spaces, and how they affect physical public spaces at all stages of physical life cycle in different RPTRAs. For those objectives this study used an analytical framework of institutionalist understanding and used descriptive qualitative descriptive approach and chose 4 RPTRAs in East Jakarta as case studies. The results of case studies show there are the structuring forces and the different actors operating in each RPTRA but what are structuring forces and who are the actors are relatively the same in each RPTRA. The results of this study suggest that urban design practitioners need to have greater understanding of the social processes guiding the production of public spaces and need to incorporate such understanding into their practice.
Characteristics of the fortress of Wuna City as a UNESCO cultural heritage
Authors: Suhi L O M R , Ali A , Setiadi G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study uses library research. The data used in this research is secondary data. The data collection technique is carried out by reading, studying, and recording various literature or reading materials, in the form of report documents such as the 2018 Wuna City Fortress Mapping Report by the South Sulawesi Cultural Heritage Conservation Center (BPCB), books, journals, articles, etc, that are relevant to the characteristics of the Fortress of Wuna City which will be related to the theory of the provisions of the OUV (Outstanding Universal Values) assessment by UNESCO. The result shows that the area of the Fortress of Wuna City reaches 265 Ha, so it can be categorized as a monument viz an element or structure. The result of UOV analysis (on the 2nd criterion) shows the value of fort architecture as a strong defense system from enemy attacks. This fort is in the form of a labyrinthine tunnel, built on 2 cliff sides while the slope is between 45–90° with a maximum height of 17.48 m from the ground. On top of the fort’s wall structure, there are 23 bastions as a place to guard the royal soldiers. Apart from that, the fortress of Wuna City also shows the value of urban planning. The people of Muna have known ‘the city’ since 1538. In addition to the fort, supporting facilities that show modern knowledge today is also found in the site.