bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide association study of stage III/IV grade C periodontitis (former aggressive periodontitis) in a Spanish population
Authors: de Coo Alicia , Cruz Raquel , Quintela Inés , Herrera David , Sanz Mariano , Diz Pedro , Rodríguez Grandío Segundo , Vallcorba Nuria , Ramos Isabel , Oteo Alfonso , Serrano Cristina , Esmatges Alejandro , Enrile Francisco , Mateos Leopoldo , García Roberto , Álvarez‐Novoa Pablo , Noguerol Blas , Zabalegui Ion , Blanco‐Moreno José , Alonso Ángel , Lorenzo Ramón , Carracedo Angel , Blanco Juan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo identify loci associated with stages III/IV, grade C periodontitis (PIII/IV‐C) through a genome‐wide association study (GWAS).Materials and Methods441 Caucasian Spanish PIII/IV‐C cases from the SEPA Network of Research Clinics and 1141 controls from the Banco Nacional de ADN were genotyped with “Axiom Spain Biobank Array,” which contains 757836 markers, including rare and low‐frequency Spanish variants. The analysis of the individual association and subsequently the gene‐level analysis with Sequence Kernel Association Test (SKAT) were carried out adjusting for age, sex and PC1 covariates. Pathway Analysis was additionally performed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software on the top associated genes.ResultsIn the individual analyses, no genome‐wide significant signals were detected. However, 8 SNPs of 8 loci reached suggestive evidence of association with PIII/IV‐C, including FAT3 rs35709256, CSNK1G2 rs4807188, MYH13 rs2074872, CNTN2 rs116611488, ANTXR1 rs4854545, 8p23.2 rs78672540, ANGPT1 rs13439823 and PLEC rs11993287 (p < 5 × 10−6). SKAT analysis identified other interesting signals at CNTN2, FBXO44, AP1M2, RSPO4, KRI1, BPIFB1 and INMT, although their probability does not exceed the multiple‐test correction. IPA indicated significant enrichment of pathways related to cAMP, IL‐2, CD28, VDR/RXR and PI3K/Akt. ConclusionsGWAS found no SNPs significantly associated with PIII/IV‐C.
Fathering and masculine norms: Implications for the socialization of children's emotion regulation
Authors: Cherry Kathryn E. , Gerstein Emily D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEmotion regulation skills are important across the lifespan for psychological and interpersonal functioning. Research on children's emotion regulation skill development often examines parent socialization of emotion. However, this research has focused on mothers, neglecting fathers' roles in emotionally socializing children. This is concerning because traditional Western masculine norms include restricted emotionality, and conformity to these norms relates to emotion dysregulation. Fathers' views on masculinity are likely to impact their parenting attitudes and behavior and therefore relate to their socialization of children's emotion regulation. Research and theory need to include fathers from a variety of cultural backgrounds and family constellations in order to better understand the relation between masculinity and fathering behavior, particularly fathers' beliefs and behaviors toward socializing their children's emotion regulation. This review also discusses implications for prevention and intervention work with fathers and children, as well as key methodological issues and future directions for research and policy.
Factors associated with concordance between POLST orders and current treatment preferences
Authors: Hickman Susan E. , Torke Alexia M. , Sachs Greg A. , Sudore Rebecca L. , Tang Qing , Bakoyannis Giorgos , Heim Smith Nicholette , Myers Anne L. , Hammes Bernard J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPOLST is widely used to document the treatment preferences of nursing facility residents as orders, but it is unknown how well previously completed POLST orders reflect current preferences (concordance) and what factors are associated with concordance.ObjectivesTo describe POLST preference concordance and identify factors associated with concordance.DesignChart reviews to document existing POLST orders and interviews to elicit current treatment preferences.SettingPOLST‐using nursing facilities (n = 29) in Indiana.ParticipantsNursing facility residents (n = 123) and surrogates of residents without decisional capacity (n = 152).MeasurementsConcordance was determined by comparing existing POLST orders for resuscitation, medical interventions, and artificial nutrition with current treatment preferences. Comfort‐focused POLSTs contained orders for do not resuscitate, comfort measures, and no artificial nutrition.ResultsOverall, 55.7% (123/221) of residents and 44.7% (152/340) of surrogates participated (total n = 275). POLST concordance was 44%, but concordance was higher for comfort‐focused POLSTs (68%) than for non‐comfort‐focused POLSTs (27%) (p < 0.001). In the unadjusted analysis, increasing resident age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07, p < 0.01), better cognitive functioning (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.13, p < 0.01), surrogate as the decision‐maker (OR 2.87, OR 1.73–4.75, p < 0.001), and comfort‐focused POLSTs (OR 6.01, 95% CI 3.29–11.00, p < 0.01) were associated with concordance. In the adjusted multivariable model, only having an existing comfort‐focused POLST was associated with higher odds of POLST concordance (OR 5.28, 95% CI 2.59–10.73, p < 0.01).ConclusionsLess than half of all POLST forms were concordant with current preferences, but POLST was over five times as likely to be concordant when orders reflected preferences for comfort‐focused care. Findings suggest a clear need to improve the quality of POLST use in nursing facilities and focus its use among residents with stable, comfort‐focused preferences.
Reasons for discordance and concordance between POLST orders and current treatment preferences
Authors: Hickman Susan E. , Torke Alexia M. , Heim Smith Nicholette , Myers Anne L. , Sudore Rebecca L. , Hammes Bernard J. , Sachs Greg A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe reasons for discordance between advance care planning (ACP) documentation and current preferences are not well understood. The POLST form offers a unique opportunity to learn about the reasons for discordance and concordance that has relevance for POLST as well as ACP generally.DesignQualitative descriptive including constant comparative analysis within and across cases.SettingTwenty‐six nursing facilities in Indiana.ParticipantsResidents (n = 36) and surrogate decision‐makers of residents without decisional capacity (n = 37).MeasurementsA semi‐structured interview guide was used to explore the reasons for discordance or concordance between current preferences and existing POLST forms.FindingsReasons for discordance include: (1) problematic nursing facility practices related to POLST completion; (2) missing key information about POLST treatment decisions; (3) deferring to others; and (4) changes over time. Some participants were unable to explain the discordance due to a lack of insight or inability to remember details of the original POLST conversation. Explanations for concordance include: (1) no change in the resident's medical condition and/or the resident is unlikely to improve; (2) use of the substituted judgment standard for surrogate decision‐making; and (3) fixed opinion about what is “right” with little to no insight.ConclusionParticipant explanations for discordance between existing POLST orders and current preferences highlight the importance of adequate structures and processes to support high quality ACP in nursing facilities. Residents with stable or poor health may be more appropriate candidates for POLST than residents with a less clear prognosis, though preferences should be revisited periodically as well as when there is a change in condition to help ensure existing documentation is concordant with current treatment preferences.
Expanding our international reach: Trends in the development of systemic family therapy training and implementation in Africa
Authors: Asiimwe Ronald , Lesch Elmien , Karume Michelle , Blow Adrian J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFamily therapy is growing around the world including in many parts of Africa. Although the African continent has many mental and family health needs that family therapists are well‐suited to treat, barriers to the widespread application of family therapy on the African continent remain. In this article, we review the current state of systemic family therapy (SFT) in Africa. Drawing from existing literature, we discuss past, current, and future trends, including challenges related to the training and implementation of SFT in Africa. We devote sections of this article to discussing the historical and cultural context, including the fit for family therapy, along with ongoing initiatives in various African countries, using examples from three African countries. We emphasize and discuss the influence of Western models of family therapy in informing family therapy research, training, and implementation in Africa and discuss implications for the African context.
Estimation of price and income elasticity of residential water demand in the Czech Republic over three decades
Authors: Ščasný Milan , Smutná Šarlota 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper contributes to residential water demand literature by providing price and income elasticity estimates for a country which has undergone deep structural, institutional and economic changes. We analyze short‐run and long‐run residential water demand using household‐level data for the Czech Republic for the period of 1993–2016, during which the price of water nearly tripled, consumption decreased by a third, and families became considerably richer. Our estimates of price and income elasticity indicate low responsiveness of households to changes of these factors. Income elasticity is about +0.16 and it is robust across models. The short‐run price elasticity is about −0.22, on the low end of estimates derived for other developed economies. Long‐run price elasticity is around −0.30. While households were more price responsive during the period of economic transformation, they became completely unresponsive during the later economic boom.
Identifying and selecting effective graphic health warnings to prevent perceptual wearout on tobacco packaging and in advertising
Authors: Burton Scot , Andrews J. Craig , Netemeyer Richard G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGraphic visual health warnings (GHWs) on cigarette packaging are used in more than 120 countries globally. Because there are concerns about the effectiveness of using the same visual warnings over many years due to wearout, a primary issue is how to identify the most effective visual stimuli. Adolescent smokers and nonsmokers provided more than 2000 ratings of different visual warnings. Cluster analysis and follow‐up analyses are used to identify a high‐performing visual stimuli group from the larger group of GHWs. Subsequent analyses also show that compared to other pictorial stimuli, the high‐performing group is perceived as effective in preventing adolescent smoking initiation and adolescent smokers' motivation to quit. These findings addressing the selection and evaluation of high‐performing visual warnings have implications for global health and public policy communities through identification of pictorial warnings that can be most effective in impacting smoking‐related outcomes for adolescents.
Dreaming inBlack:Middle‐class Blacks' aspirational consumption
Authors: Claytor Cassi Pittman 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhen Blacks think about making it big, do they wish for the same types of things as other Americans? How does their race affect what makes it onto their wish lists? Drawing on interviews with 54 middle‐class Black New Yorkers this paper investigates their imagined future consumption. The findings reveal that for most middle‐class Blacks their combined race and class status influenced how they envisioned their aspirational consumption. By analyzing their aspirational consumption, it became clear that they were embedded in a materialistic society that links the achievement of the American Dream with the acquisition of specific things. Yet for many middle‐class Blacks their aspirational consumption also departed from traditional individualist goals, as their commitment to racial uplift was evident in their aspirational consumption. However, there was a small group for whom the pleasure and status that comes from the acquisition of material possessions weighted heavily in their consumption fantasies.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy acts as an alternative method in treating injection‐induced nodules
Authors: Wang Hayson Chenyu , Zhai Haixin , Chen Cheng , Ren Xinyu , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCosmetic injection‐induced nodules are tricky to handle in the clinic.AimsWe reported a case of injection‐induced nodule receiving the experimental treatment of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT).PatientA woman presented with multiple red solid nodules on the neck after receiving mesotherapy conducted by syringe. Ultrasound examination showed multiple thickened inflammatory skin tissues on the neck. Pathological biopsy results showed epithelioid granulomas in the dermis, within which there were degenerative necrosis and foreign bodies in the center and multinucleated giant cells around. The bacteria tests remained negative. Diagnosed with foreign body granuloma, the patient rejected the resection or steroids, but willingly took the experimental treatment of HOT instead. After one month, the patient's ultrasound examination showed that the lesion's local hardness got significantly reduced, and the local blood flow increased, indicating the condition improved.ResultsAlthough the patient's nodule has not been eliminated, some improvements have been achieved. So far there has no case report on HOT treating injection‐induced nodules in the literature.ConclusionHOT may be considered as a potential alternative when other treatment options cannot be implemented. More research is needed in this field.
Daily stress reactivity: The unique roles of personality and social support
Authors: Kaurin Aleksandra , Wright Aidan G. C. , Kamarck Thomas W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe processes through which social support exerts its influence in daily life are not well understood. Arguably, its salutary effects as an environmental variable might be construed as shared effects of personality.MethodTo test this possibility, we investigated the unique and shared effects of personality and social support on daily stressor exposure (social conflict, task strain) and on the within‐person association of stressor exposure with perceived stress. A community‐sample of N = 391 adults completed an ambulatory assessment protocol for two 2‐day periods with fixed hourly intervals spread across 16 hr.ResultsConsistent with our preregistered hypotheses, multilevel structural equation models returned that both, personality and perceived social support, predicted daily stressor exposure and moderated within‐person effects of daily stressors on perceived stress. In contrast to our hypotheses, received social support had no effect on daily stress processes. When Extraversion, Neuroticism, and social support were added as joint predictors, Neuroticism and Extraversion were related to stressor exposure, and further moderated the within‐person link between stressor exposure and stress experience, while perceived social support had an incremental beneficial effect on social conflict exposure and stress appraisal.ConclusionSocial support does not increment the well‐established relationships between Neuroticism or Extraversion and stress reactivity.
Intra‐Horizon expected shortfall and risk structure in models with jumps
Authors: Farkas Walter , Mathys Ludovic , Vasiljević Nikola 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present article deals with intra‐horizon risk in models with jumps. Our general understanding of intra‐horizon risk is along the lines of the approach taken in Boudoukh et al. (2004); Rossello (2008); Bhattacharyya et al. (2009); Bakshi and Panayotov (2010); and Leippold and Vasiljević (2020). In particular, we believe that quantifying market risk by strictly relying on point‐in‐time measures cannot be deemed a satisfactory approach in general. Instead, we argue that complementing this approach by studying measures of risk that capture the magnitude of losses potentially incurred at any time of a trading horizon is necessary when dealing with (m)any financial position(s). To address this issue, we propose an intra‐horizon analogue of the expected shortfall for general profit and loss processes and discuss its key properties. Our intra‐horizon expected shortfall is well‐defined for (m)any popular class(es) of Lévy processes encountered when modeling market dynamics and constitutes a coherent measure of risk, as introduced in Cheridito et al. (2004). On the computational side, we provide a simple method to derive the intra‐horizon risk inherent to popular Lévy dynamics. Our general technique relies on results for maturity‐randomized first‐passage probabilities and allows for a derivation of diffusion and single jump risk contributions. These theoretical results are complemented with an empirical analysis, where popular Lévy dynamics are calibrated to the S&P 500 index and Brent crude oil data, and an analysis of the resulting intra‐horizon risk is presented.
Liberalism and the Common Good
Authors: Rusch Benjamin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTheorists with strongly communal understandings of the common good frequently criticize the modern liberal state for failing to provide for the common good and for interfering with local communities. These critics, however, are less clear about what role, if any, the state should play in modern life. In order to trace a middle ground between liberal attempts to justify the state and too hasty communitarian condemnations of it, I develop a two-tiered theory of political justification. All political justification is to be seen in relationship to the common good of a community. While only local communities have a common good and a direct claim to political authority, the state can still have an indirect and derivative authority. After examining how this theory applies to thinkers such as Alasdair MacIntyre, Michael Sandel, and Charles Taylor, I propose an appropriate model for the relationship between local communities and the state.
Towards the development of a national patient transfer document between residential and acute care—A pilot study
Authors: Tuohy Dympna , Fahy Anne , O'Doherty Jane , Meskell Pauline , O'Reilly Pauline , O'Brien Brid , Murphy Jill , Doody Owen , Graham Margaret , Barry Louise , Kiely Michelle , O'Keeffe Jonathon , Dewing Jan , Lang Deirdre , Coffey Alice 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundA lack of standardisation of documentation accompanying older people when transferring from residential to acute care is common and this may result in gaps in information and in care for older people. In Ireland, this lack of standardisation prompted the development of an evidence based national transfer document.ObjectivesTo pilot a new national transfer document for use when transferring older people from residential to acute care and obtain the perceptions of its use from staff in residential and acute care settings.MethodsThis was a pre‐ and post‐study design using purposive sampling following the STROBE guidelines. The pilot was conducted in 26 sites providing residential care and three university hospitals providing acute care. Pre‐pilot questionnaires focused on current documentation and were distributed to staff in residential care (n = 875). A pilot of the new paper‐based transfer document was then conducted over three months and post‐pilot questionnaires distributed to staff from both residential and acute care settings (n = 1085). The findings of the pilot study were discussed with multidisciplinary expert advisory and stakeholder groups who recommended some revisions. This consensus informed the development of the final design of the new revised transfer document.ResultsPre‐pilot: 23% response rate; 83% (n = 168) participants agreed/strongly agreed that existing documentation was straightforward to complete but could be more person‐centred. Post‐pilot: 11% response rate; 75% (n = 93) of participants agreed/strongly agreed that the new transfer document promoted person‐centred care but recommended revisions to the new document regarding layout and time to complete.ConclusionsThis study highlighted some of the challenges of providing safe, effective and relevant transfer information that is feasible and usable in everyday practice.Implications for practiceStandardisation and being person‐centred are important determining factors in the provision of relevant up to date information on the resident being transferred.
Simultaneous knockout of multiple LHCF genes using single sgRNAs and engineering of a high‐fidelity Cas9 for precise genome editing in marine algae
Authors: Sharma Amit K. , Nymark Marianne , Flo Snorre , Sparstad Torfinn , Bones Atle M. , Winge Per 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe CRISPR/Cas9 system is an RNA‐guided sequence‐specific genome editing tool, which has been adopted for single or multiple gene editing in a wide range of organisms. When working with gene families with functional redundancy, knocking out multiple genes within the same family may be required to generate a phenotype. In this study, we tested the possibility of exploiting the known tolerance of Cas9 for mismatches between the single‐guide RNA (sgRNA) and target site to simultaneously introduce indels in multiple homologous genes in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. As a proof of concept, we designed two sgRNAs that could potentially target the same six light‐harvesting complex (LHC) genes belonging to the LHCF subgroup. Mutations in up to five genes were achieved simultaneously using a previously established CRISPR/Cas9 system for P. tricornutum. A visible colour change was observed in knockout mutants with multiple LHCF lesions. A combination of pigment, LHCF protein and growth analyses was used to further investigate the phenotypic differences between the multiple LHCF mutants and WT. Furthermore, we used the two same sgRNAs in combination with a variant of the existing Cas9 where four amino acids substitutions had been introduced that previously have been shown to increase Cas9 specificity. A significant reduction of off‐target editing events was observed, indicating that the altered Cas9 functioned as a high‐fidelity (HiFi) Cas9 nuclease.
Plant heat stress: Concepts directing future research
Authors: Jagadish S.V. Krishna , Way Danielle A. , Sharkey Thomas D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPredicted increases in future global temperatures require us to better understand the dimensions of heat stress experienced by plants. Here we highlight four key areas for improving our approach towards understanding plant heat stress responses. First, although the term ‘heat stress’ is broadly used, that term encompasses heat shock, heat wave and warming experiments, which vary in the duration and magnitude of temperature increase imposed. A greater integration of results and tools across these approaches is needed to better understand how heat stress associated with global warming will affect plants. Secondly, there is a growing need to associate plant responses to tissue temperatures. We review how plant energy budgets determine tissue temperature and discuss the implications of using leaf versus air temperature for heat stress studies. Third, we need to better understand how heat stress affects reproduction, particularly understudied stages such as floral meristem initiation and development. Fourth, we emphasise the need to integrate heat stress recovery into breeding programs to complement recent progress in improving plant heat stress tolerance. Taken together, we provide insights into key research gaps in plant heat stress and provide suggestions on addressing these gaps to enhance heat stress resilience in plants.