bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Наблюдения искусственных космических объектов в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории на Зеркальном Телескопе им. акад. Г.А. Шайна
Authors: Румянцев Василий Владимирович , Бирюков Вадим Владимирович 
Published: December 2021

В статье приводится обзор исследований искусственных объектов околоземного космического пространства, проводимых на ЗТШ с 2005 г. по настоящее время. Одна из целей исследования состояла в отработке методики наблюдений и каталогизации малоразмерных объектов (~10–25 см) с блеском 18–20m, находящихся в геостационарной области. Несмотря на сильное ограничение наблюдательного времени, использование ЗТШ для решения данной задачи было достаточно эффективно. Показано, что в геостационарной области возможно успешно проводить обнаружение и каталогизацию малоразмерных объектов даже с телескопом с малым полем зрения (~8–12 угл. мин.).
Для решения задач поиска слабых, сильно переменных, “динамичных” объектов был создан новый современный прибор – панорамный ПЗС-фотометр, размещаемый в прямом фокусе ЗТШ. С 2011 по 2021 гг. на ЗТШ проводились наблюдения далеких КА “Спектр-Р”, Gaia, “Спектр-РГ” и Mars-2020. Особое внимание уделено российской астрофизической обсерватории “Спектр-РГ”, находящейся на галоцентрической орбите вокруг точки Лагранжа L2 системы Солнце – Земля. Наблюдения за этим научным аппаратом продолжаются до сих пор. Точность получаемых астрометрических оценок такова, что медианные среднеквадратичные ошибки положения составляют 0.055'' и 0.075'' по RA и Decl соответственно. КА Mars-2020, находясь на траектории полета к Марсу, наблюдался на расстоянии вплоть до 6.5 млн км как объект 21.8m.
Задача наблюдений далеких КА остается актуальной для распознавания искусственных объектов среди многочисленных естественных, открываемых в ближнем околоземном пространстве.
Teori Inflasi
Authors: Jamal Nur Shinta 
Published: December 2021

Kata bank dari kata banque dalam bahasa prancis, dan dari banco dalam bahasa italia, yang berarti peti/lemari atau bangku. Kata peti atau lemari menyiratkan fungsi sebagai tempat menyimpan benda-benda berharga, seperti peti emas, peti berlian, peti uang dan sebagainya. Dalam al-Quran, istilah bank tidak disebutkan secara eksplisit. Tetapi jika yang dimaksud adalah sesuatu yang memiliki unsur-unsur seperti struktur, manajemen, fungsi, hak dan kewajibanmaka semua itu disebutkan dengan jelas, seperti zakat, sadaqah, ghanimah (rampasan perang), bai’ (jual beli), dayn (utang dagang), mall (harta) dan sebagainya, yang memiliki fungsi yang dilaksanakan oleh peran tertentu dalam kegiatan.Lembaga keuangan bukan bank adalah lembaga keuangan yang menghimpun dana dengan cara mengeluarkan surat berharga dan menyalurkannya ke dalam masyarakat. Proses penyaluran dapat terjadi secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung. Lembaga keuangan bukan bank bertujuan untuk membiayai investasi perusahaan-perusahaan.
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF MACHINE PARTS BASED ON THE COMBINED INFLUENCE OF STRONG MAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Kovalevskyу S. , Kovalevska О. , Lupa Yu. 
Published: December 2021

Magnetic treatment is a promising method of hardening. Metal exposed to alternating magnetic fields changes the performance properties of the surface layer of a combination of magnetic and ultrasonic effects, provides a combined method of processing and strengthening surfaces of machine parts, which eliminates the main disadvantages of magnetic and electrical hardening — instability of physical and mechanical properties of this layer with detail.
The purpose of the work is to investigate the possibility of improving the performance of machine parts based on the combined effect of strong magnetic fields.
The study of the use of a uniform flux of magnetic fields generated by powerful permanent magnets was performed to affect the material volume of non-grinding plates of the cutting tool CNMG_120508E-M. The effect of uniform magnetic flux is initiated as a result of resonant oscillations of the sample caused by broadband exposure of equal amplitude by means of a "white noise" generator and a piezo emitter.
The authors found that as a result of volumetric strengthening of non-grinding plates of carbide cutting tools, by exposure to polyfrequency oscillations in the form of a broadband frequency spectrum of equal amplitudes, a significant reduction in dimensional wear of the plates is achieved. Adding mechanical vibrations to the samples in a uniform constant magnetic field allowed to achieve volumetric hardening of the samples from 150 HB to 240 ÷ 250 HB, ie 60 ÷ 65% in 10—12 minutes, which is the hardening of the samples by 5—6% in one minute.
The work on determining the relationship of changing properties with processing time, frequency range, amplitude and other modes to find the optimal values ​​of processing parameters, has great prospects for the ability to obtain a set of performance characteristics, control external and internal properties of products.
CONSTRUCTION OF ROTOR ANGLE IDENTIFIER IN VECTOR CONTROL SYSTEMS OF DOUBLE FEED MACHINES
Authors: Klyuyev О. , Sadovoi A. , Sokhina Y. 
Published: December 2021

In asynchronous electric drives with vector control on the rotor, it is necessary to calculate the value of the sine and cosine of the angle of rotation of the rotor relative to the stator to form control actions. When using angle sensors, complex structural tasks can arise — placement and reliable mounting of the sensor on the shaft and, accordingly, the task of the overall layout of the unit. For high-power machines, the tasks of developing and creating the design of the sensor itself arise. If serial rotor angular position sensors can be used, the task of placing and mounting the sensor is no less difficult. In these cases it is necessary to deduce the second end of a shaft from the case of the engine with contact rings that complicates its design. Therefore, the urgent need to create more reliable electric drives with vector control systems on the rotor is the synthesis of identifiers of the angle of rotation of the rotor.
Identifiers are known whose calculation algorithms are based on determining the projections of the flow coupling vectors. In the work with the use of coordinate transducers of projections of stator or rotor current vectors and equations of electromagnetic circuits of an asynchronous machine, the synthesis and subsequent analysis of the properties of the rotor position angle identifier in vector control systems of dual power machines is performed. New equations of the identifier of flux couplings are received, its stability is investigated and on conditions of stability types of electric drives in which it is possible to apply the offered identifier are defined. The stability of the vector control system and sufficient identification accuracy when using the proposed equations and functions are confirmed by the method of mathematical modeling of the recommended electric drive systems in different operating modes.
Comparative characteristic of the ways of development of the Kaniv natural reserve and “Khortytsia” national reserve
Authors: Pustovalov V. 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to assess the degree of development of the Kaniv reserve from the point of view of the modern concept of development of the reserve management.
The methodology. In the research we used a historical approach, a systematic approach, a comparative method was used as a main one. It is the comparative method that makes it possible to assess the state of reserves and their development prospects, to determine their strengths and weaknesses.
The results. On the example of the Kaniv natural reserve, there are significant gaps in the systemic development of the organization of the work of the reserve. Kaniv reserve was founded on July 30, 1923, and Khortytsia national reserve — much later, in 1965. Both reserves are characterized by the presence of a significant number of both natural and historical and cultural sites. However, the history of the creation of the two institutions was different. If the initial stage of their existence in both cases was characterized by the complexity of nature conservation and works on the protection of monuments, then in further history one can find differences in attitudes towards historical and cultural monuments and their research.
The scientific novelty of the article lies in the identification of shortcomings and omissions in the vector of development of nature reserves in Ukraine, in particular, Kaniv natural reserve.
The Khortytsia national reserve retains its complexity and constantly improves the forms of study and popularization of historical and cultural monuments and their museums. Unfortunately, there is no museum in the Kaniv reserve and in general archaeological monuments are not used in the excursion work of the reserve. This article studies this problem and suggests the ways to resolve it.
The practical significance of the article is to determine the possibilities of intensifying and improving the work of the reserve, in particular, increasing the level of tourism potential.
Style evolution of Sting’s creativity
Authors: Stetskovych O. 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to outline the evolutionary vector of the style evolution of G. M. T. Sumner’s (Sting) creativity.
The methodology. The study is based on the comprehensive use of systematic, historical and cultural approaches, as well as methods of periodization and genre-style analysis.
The results. The article analyzes the work of one of the recognized masters of world popular music — English musician G. M. T. Sumner, better known by the stage name Sting.
The topicality of the chosen topic is due to the artistic and socio-cultural significance and genre and stylistic diversity of Sting’s creative work, which in the research space of modern musicology still remain poorly understood.
The article considers the preconditions for the formation of Sting’s authorial style, reveals the key stylistic trends that shaped his individual authorial style, and highlights the personal and professional-artistic criteria of his creative activity. Embodying in one person the guise of a composer, poet, singer, guitarist and actor, G. M. T. Sumner (Sting) is a shining example of a modern universal artist. He illustrates by his own example typical genre-style metamorphoses of mass music of the late XX — early XXI century, revealing new paradigms of modern world music art.
The stylistic evolution of Sting’s creativity is substantiated in accordance with the proposed concept of periodization of his creative activity. The main periods of the artist’s creative activity are outlined: 1) early (1977–1990); 2) mature (1991–2012) and 3) late (since 2013). The stylistic priorities inherent in each of these periods are described. The uniqueness and originality of Sting’s authorial artistic style lies in the peculiarity of his artistic thinking, which to some extent is based on the concept of stylistic pluralism.
The stylistic evolution of Sting’s works represents his appeal to various stylistic models of modern mass music (rock, jazz, pop, reggae). At the same time, the artist’s stylistic search goes far beyond popular music, extending to the spheres of academic and ethnic musical traditions.
The scientific novelty of this article is that this study for the first time reveals the stylistic evolution of Sting’s works, its periodization and identifies the main stages, identifies the leading genre and style features of the artist’s works and the characteristics of his artistic thinking.
The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using its materials and conclusions in further research on this issue, in performing and pedagogical practice (in the courses “Music of the XX century”, “History and theory of modern music”, “History of rock music”, etc.).
DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Authors: Malikov R. 
Published: December 2021

This article examines the process models of business processes of gas distribution stations (GDS), which would be a symbiosis of digital twins and artificial intelligence. The basis of the system could be a mathematical model of the plant, taking into account the operating parameters, which is able to determine the response of the equipment to various operating loads and predict the periods of trouble-free operation. The system could also provide for methods of simulation of physical processes to determine the optimal operating modes and boundary conditions for their operation.
Reengineering means that we are moving to the operation of the main GDS equipment according to the actual technical condition, and not according to the operating time, as is happening now.
PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF ROBOTIC DELIVERY OF THE LAST MILE. THE RELEVANCE OF THE PROBLEM AND THE CONCEPT OF THE SOLUTION. PART I.
Authors: Khamukov Yu. , Kanokova M. 
Published: December 2021

The express delivery market in recent years has been growing at the level of 3-4%, and even in these conditions, not only is it not saturated, but the demand for it is growing. According to Oxford Economics, the growth of the air cargo market, which determines the volume of the express delivery market, accelerated at times up to 7% per year from 2013 to 2018 [1].
The biggest changes took place in 2016-17 due to a technological breakthrough in the field of logistics with the introduction of services such as drone delivery, processing orders on the blockchain, calculation of the delivery mode using artificial intelligence, etc. It was expected that due to the growing demand on fast delivery guaranteed, the number of express delivery employees worldwide will grow to 4.5 million over the next few years. But the coronavirus pandemic has accelerated this process.
In the study “The Future of Freight Transportation. How new technologies and new thinking can change the movement of goods”, presented by the international network of consulting companies Deloitte in 2017, states that carriers have already solved many of the problems associated with the transportation of goods. But the “last mile delivery” stage has remained limiting the development of the delivery service. At this stage, companies suffer losses due to the concentration of logistics, algorithmic and kinematic tasks that cannot be automated with modern means and technologies for replacing human labor.
Consequently, the use of alternative, unconventional technologies at this stage is a key condition for the mass development of delivery.
Évolution des fractures ouvertes non ostéosynthésées du calcanéus. À propos de 15 cas
Authors: Galliot F. , Capdevielle P. , Hennequin L. , Schmitz A. , Bartlomiejczyk S. , Lajoinie L. , Mainard D. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: La fracture ouverte du calcanéus est une entité rare qui survient le plus souvent lors de traumatismes à haute énergie chez des patients jeunes. La prise en charge est une urgence et reste difficile compte tenu des lésions des parties molles souvent associées et des complications fréquentes qui en découlent. Une ostéosynthèse dans ce contexte est risquée. Il semblait donc intéressant d’analyser les résultats fonctionnels et radiologiques des patients pris en charge sans ostéosynthèse primaire ou secondaire.Matériels et méthodes: Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective, monocentrique. Tous les patients ayant présenté une fracture ouverte du calcanéus non synthésée sur une période de cinq ans ont été inclus. Un bilan radiologique complet était systématiquement réalisé en préopératoire (comprenant scanner injecté et radiographies) et durant le suivi. La classification de Sanders permettait d’analyser la fracture. Tous les patients étaient revus au recul minimal d’un an. Les scores fonctionnels comme le score de l’AOFAS, le MFS et le SF12 ont été utilisés. L’angle de Boehler a également été mesuré et les complications relevées.Résultats: Quinze patients répondaient aux critères d’inclusion, dont dix hommes et cinq femmes. La moyenne d’âge était de 41 ans. Le recul moyen est de 40 mois. Il s’agissait le plus souvent de fractures Gustilo 2 et de type Sanders 2. Toutes les fractures ont consolidé. Le score AOFAS moyen est de 57,5, le MFS moyen à 60 et le SF12 à 42,5. On retrouvait un taux de complication de 20 %, avec deux cas d’infection et un cas de désunion de cicatrice.Conclusion: Nous proposons, dans les cas de fracture ouverte du calcanéus, de ne pas réaliser systématiquement une ostéosynthèse primaire ou secondaire. Les résultats fonctionnels semblent moins bons qu’après une ostéosynthèse, mais les complications notamment infectieuses sont moindres.
Level	of	Inclusive	Leadership	Qualities	of	a	Leader:	A	Perceptions	of	the	Teachers	of	Tertiary	Institutions	in	Sindh	Pakistan
Authors: Oad Lubna , Khan Alwi S Khurram 
Published: December 2021

In	this	study,	teachers'	perceptions	of	leaders'	inclusive	leadership	skills	were	examined	to	improve
their	work	performance.	This	study	employed	a	survey	research	design	of	a	quantitative	approach.	A	sample	of	389
teachers	of	public	universities	of	Sindh,	Pakistan,	was	drawn	through	a	stratified	random	sampling	technique.	This
study	revealed	that	the	heads	could	play	a	fundamental	role	in	teachers' job	performance	by	facilitating	need-based
intervention	based	on	teachers'	capacities	and	innovative	attitudes.	However,	the	study	findings	suggest	a	shift	in
the	university's	organizational	structure	by	listening	openly	and	being	accessible,	available	in	diverse	situations.
Further,	the	null	hypothesis	was	accepted	that	both	genders	have	the	same	opinions	about	the	level	of	inclusive
leadership	qualities	and	viewed	that	heads' Inclusive	leadership	(IL)	style	can	enhance	proactive	behavior	of	faculty
members.	Researchers	found	the	theoretical	and	practical	implications	for	future	studies.
Results of Comprehensive Geophysical Studies on the Search for Crypts on the Territory of Suburban Necropolis of Tauric Chersonese in the Karantinnaya Balka
Authors: Glazunov Vladimir , Ageev Alexey , Gorelik Gleb , Sarapulkina Tatyana 
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of comprehensive studies carried out by the research team of Saint Petersburg Mining University in cooperation with the specialists from the State Museum-Preserve "Tauric Chersonese" in 2019. The purpose of the work was to discover and map antique and medieval crypts (ancient burial structures) on the territory of suburban necropolis of Tauric Chersonese in the Karantinnaya balka. The complex of geophysical methods included continuous ground penetrating radar sounding at two center frequencies of 350 and 500 MHz and contactless electrical tomography. To minimize spatial errors in the process of studies, topographic and geodetic works were carried out. For the first time wave electromagnetic effects were identified, which indicated the positions of hidden underground crypts. Geological factors were established that are favorable for cutting crypts in the layered thickness of Sarmatian limestones. The obtained results allowed to justify the feasibility of continuing geophysical works at the necropolis in order to study interior space of the discovered crypts and to determine the boundaries of archaeological heritage.
Levels of Cadmium (Cd) in Urine in Passive Smokers
Authors: Nurhayana Nurhayana 
Published: December 2021

Smoking is a familiar activity in daily life. The existence of filters on cigarettes, causes the danger of cigarette smoke to be felt more by passive smokers. One of the content of cigarette smoke is cadmium (Cd) which is one of the environmental pollutants that are harmful and accumulate in the tissues of living things. The purpose of this study is to measure and describe the levels of Cadmium (Cd) in the urine of passive smokers in RT 03 RW 06 Gandekan Hamlet, Harjosari, Bawen District, Semarang Regency. Using observational (non-experimental) research design with descriptive research criteria. The number of samples of 12 urine from the community of RT 03 RW 06 Gandekan Hamlet, Harjosari, Bawen Subdistrict, Semarang Regency. The results of the examination of Cadmium Levels (Cd) on the 13 samples of passive smoker urine in gandekan RT 01 RW 06 Harjosari Subdistrict, Bawen Subdistrict, Semarang District received the highest level of 0.074 mg/L and the lowest result -0.005 mg/L. Differences in cadmium levels in the passive smoker urine were caused by several factors such as age, environment, health status, occupation, and consumption of antioxidants and milk. Cadmium (Cd) levels in the urine of all passive smokers were in the normal category (2mg/L).
Crack prediction in beam-like structure using ANN based on frequency analysis
Authors: Seguini Meriem , Djamel Nedjar , Djilali Boutchicha , Khatir Samir , Abdel Wahab Magd 
Published: December 2021

The dynamic experimental and numerical analysis of cracked beams has been studied with the aim of quantifying the influence of depth crack on the dynamic response of steel beams. Artificial Neural Method ANN has been used where a numerical simulation was improved in Matlab. A finite element model has also been developed by using the Ansys software, and the obtained results were compared with exact crack length. The study takes into account different hidden layer values in order to determine the sensitivity of the predicted crack depth. The results show that the response of the beam (frequencies) is strongly related to the crack depth which significantly affects the beam behavior, especially when the crack is very deep where the ANN allows us to identify the crack in lower computational time. Based on the provided results, we can detect that the effect of hidden layer size can affect the results.