bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the effect of supported synergistic catalyst with intumescent flame retardant in polypropylene
Authors: Peng Hongmei , Yang Qi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, cerium nitrate supported silica was prepared as a new type of catalytic synergist to improve the flame retardancy in polypropylene. When 1% of Ce(NO3)2 supported SiO2 was added, the vertical combustion performance of UL-94 of polypropylene composites was improved to V-0, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was increased to 33.5. From the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the residual carbon of C and D was increased by about 6% at high temperature compared with B. When adding supported catalyst, the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) were significantly reduced according to the microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), the HRR of sample E with 2% synergist was the lowest. The combustion behaviors of intumescent flame retardant sample B and sample D were analyzed by cone calorimeter test (CCT), the HRR of sample D with supported synergist was significantly reduced, and the PHRR decreased from 323 kW/m2 to 264 kW/m2. The morphologies of the residue chars after vertical combustion of polypropylene composites observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) gave positive evidence that the supported synergist could catalyze the decomposition of intumescent flame retardants into carbon, which was the main reason for improving the flame retardancy of materials.
Stereoselective organocascades: from fundamentals to recent developments
Authors: Massolo Elisabetta , Benaglia Maurizio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Reaction sequences where more bonds are sequentially formed (cascade reactions) may be started either by a stoichiometric or by a catalytic reagent, and proceed in an enantio- diastereo- or non-stereo- selective manner. A wide variety of such strategies has been developed, including both stoichiometric and catalytic ones.
Within the widely developed cascade reactions field, this chapter is not meant to be omni-comprehensive, but to offer an as much as possible complete overview on organocatalytic stereoselective methods. We embrace the more general definitions by Tietze and Denmark, considering as cascade reactions all those one-pot processes that involve two or more bond formations, where each subsequent step is enabled by a structural change caused by the previous one. We will include both two- and multi-component reactions where one or more organocatalysts may be responsible either for all or just some of the occurring transformations. Organocascades will be reported according to the number of involved catalytic cycles.
In the following paragraphs, only cascade reactions that are stereoselective by means of a chiral catalyst will be considered. It will be shown that multiple possibilities, relying on different catalysis modes, are available to achieve the same reaction sequence.
The smallest singular value of certain Toeplitz-related parametric triangular matrices
Authors: Solary Maryam Shams , Kovačec Alexander , Capizzano Stefano Serra 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Let L be the infinite lower triangular Toeplitz matrix with first column (µ, a
1, a
2, ..., ap
, a
1, ..., ap
, ...)
T
and let D be the infinite diagonal matrix whose entries are 1, 2, 3, . . . Let A := L + D be the sum of these two matrices. Bünger and Rump have shown that if p = 2 and certain linear inequalities between the parameters µ, a
1, a
2, are satisfied, then the singular values of any finite left upper square submatrix of A can be bounded from below by an expression depending only on those parameters, but not on the matrix size. By extending parts of their reasoning, we show that a similar behaviour should be expected for arbitrary p and a much larger range of values for µ, a
1, ..., ap
. It depends on the asymptotics in µ of the l
2-norm of certain sequences defined by linear recurrences, in which these parameters enter. We also consider the relevance of the results in a numerical analysis setting and moreover a few selected numerical experiments are presented in order to show that our bounds are accurate in practical computations.
Examining the Role of Deception on Employees’ Threat Appraisal Process, Coping Appraisal Process and Unethical Behavior in Organization
Authors: Jannat Taslima , Omar Nor Asiah , Shah Alam Syed 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine whether deception influences unethical behavior, employee perceptions of threat, and their coping appraisal processes. It also examines the role of deception in influencing employees' threat appraisal and coping appraisal processing. Using the structural equation model (PLS-SEM), this study reveals a strong relationship between deception, unethical behavior, employees' perceived threat appraisal process, and the coping appraisal process. The empirical findings suggest that deception is a common practice in organizations and significantly influences unethical behavior. This study also finds that deception plays a crucial role in reducing employees' perceptions of threat regarding negative outcomes for engaging in unethical behavior while significantly influencing employees' perceived coping appraisal process, which suggests that deceptive behavior can protect them from the threat of detection their unethical behavior. The findings provide new insights into the relationship among deception, employees' perceived threat appraisal process, coping appraisal process, and unethical behavior and paves the way for further research in this area.JEL Classification: L3, M1, M10, M14, M48How to Cite:Jannat, T., Omar, N. A., & Alam, S. H. (2021). Is Deception an Antecedent for Employees’ Cognitive Appraisal Proceses and Unethical Behavior?. Etikonomi, 20(1), 153 – 168. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i1.15433.
Comparison of Takaful & Non-Takaful Insurance Companies of Pakistan Under Pre, During & Post Economic Crisis 2008
Authors: AsadUllah Muhammad , Hassan Masood , Siddiqui Zehra Alam 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of profitability of Takaful Insurance and Non-Takaful Insurance companies under the tenure of pre, during, and post-financial crisis. The stimulus of this study was the absence of research on this topic. The profitability is measured using Return on Assets whereas macro-economic variables i.e. GDP and Inflation and industry-specific variables i.e. Liquidity, Leverage, and Size are used as independent variables. Panel regression results indicated that macro-economic variables had an insignificant impact on the profitability of the Insurance sector under all three phases, whereas industry-specific variables have a miscellaneous impact on profitability. Takaful insurance companies have better liquidity management than the Non-Takaful insurance companies under post-economic crisis tenure too as they get better returns in terms of profitability. It is concluded that insurance companies’ sectors i.e. Takaful-insurance companies and Non-Takaful Insurance companies should emphasize their internal or industry-specific indicators for their stability.JEL Classification: H8, F0, L1, M2How to Cite:AsadUllah, M., Hassan, M., & Siddiqui, Z. A. (2021). Comparison of Takaful and Non-Takaful Insurance Companies of Pakistan: Under Pre, During, and Post Economic Crisis 2008 . Etikonomi, 20(1), 201 – 212. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i117325.
Immediate Effects of Prophylactic Therapeutic Massage on Pain Tolerance and Threshold
Authors: Knight Kyle , Napier Erin 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: This study is meant to determine the immediate effects of therapeutic massage on pain tolerance and threshold.

Methods: Fourteen subjects were recruited from a sample of convenience. Subjects were randomized to have either the massage or no-massage protocol on their initial visit with the remaining protocol on their following visit. All subjects completed two sessions with the pain-eliciting test, one with the massage protocol and one with the no-massage protocol.

Results: All 14 subjects achieved a higher pain tolerance during the massage protocol compared to their own no-massage protocol. The pain tolerance difference between protocols was calculated by a paired T-Test (p value 0.0003) to be a significant difference. No significant difference was found for pain threshold between protocols.

Discussion: It appears that therapeutic massage does have a likelihood of increasing pain tolerance when subjects are submitted to a painful stimulus immediately post-massage. This study validates the use of therapeutic massage as an adjunct treatment to improve pain tolerance before a potentially painful procedure.

Conclusion: Prophylactic massage was shown to allow healthy participants to achieve a higher pain tolerance when subjected to a pain-eliciting test immediately after the massage was received.
E-COMMERCE: PERSPECTIVAS LOGÍSTICAS DE OFERTANTES E DEMANDANTES ACADÊMICOS DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO NA CIDADE DE CAMPINA GRANDE – PB
Authors: Andrade Glauber Gleytson Gomes , Ferreira Thiago Costa , Lucena Fábio De Oliveira 
Published: February 2021

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-hyphenate: auto;">Cada vez mais os consumidores buscam por empresas que atendam suas necessidades de forma ampla, com comodidade e que possuam práticas sustentáveis. A modalidade de vendas de produtos e serviços através do ambiente virtual possibilita a utilização de menos recursos naturais, redução de custos para as empresas e o alcance de sua vantagem competitiva. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os desafios logísticos do <em>business-to-consumer</em> com respeito às atividades, fluxos operacionais e informacionais e desafios na perspectiva dos ofertantes e demandantes acadêmicos de Administração de uma instituição privada de Campina Grande – PB. A pesquisa se caracteriza como qualiquantitativa, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas às empresas fornecedoras e prestadoras de serviços relacionadas ao comércio eletrônico, e aplicação de questionários à discentes do curso de Administração que realizam/realizaram compras no ambiente virtual. Os resultaram permitiram a identificação de pontos críticos no processo logístico das vendas virtuais e como afetam nas operações das empresas e na satisfação do cliente final. </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-hyphenate: auto;" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">E-commerce</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">: perspectivas logísticas de ofertantes e demandantes acadêmicos de Administração na cidade de Campina Grande – PB.</span></strong></p>
A Review on Prevention, Transmission and Symptoms of the Covid-19
Authors: Mohammadi Hamid , Ehteshaminia Yahya , Mahdavi Seif Ali 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus belongs to a family of viruses that can cause symptoms such as pneumonia, fever, shortness of breath and lung infection. On December 29, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) coined the term New Coronavirus 2019 to refer to a coronavirus that affects the lower respiratory tract of patients with pneumonia in Wuhan, China. The new coronavirus was first identified in Wuhan, among a number of patients with an unknown form of viral pneumonia who also had a history of Huanan seafood market.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the websites of PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran were searched and related articles were reviewed.
Results: Symptoms of COVID-19 occur after a period of 2 to 10 days and the period of symptoms resulting in death of patients varied between 6 to 41 days. Common symptoms at the onset of the disease are fever, cough, and fatigue. Each carrier is reported to infect an average of 3.77 others.
Conclusion: Regarding the way of transmission of viral diseases of the upper respiratory tract, such as COVID-19, i.e., the transmission by respiratory droplets as well as close communication between individuals, solutions have been recommended by experts. Researchers are suggesting not touching the T-zone on the face, using a mask and following the principles of social distancing are the most effective ways to control the disease. Due to the lack of definitive treatment or effective vaccine for COVID-19 so far, following these principles has a significant role in combating this pandemic.
Microeconometric modeling of rent as a measure of natural resource scarcity: regularity and technical change, scale, and functional form sensitivity under partial static equilibrium
Authors: Escalante Andrés 
Published: February 2021

Esta investigación tiene dos objetivos. El primero consiste en evaluar la sensibilidad estadística de la renta como medida de escasez de un recurso natural, hacia las especificaciones econométricas de la función de costo variable, de la que puede derivarse, con el fin de examinar si los supuestos para formular el modelo econométrico generan diferencias estadísticamente relevantes en la renta estimada. El segundo objetivo de la investigación consiste en determinar si las decisiones ejecutivas de investigación y la consistencia teórica del modelo afectan el contenido informacional de la renta, como medida de escasez de dicho recurso. La muestra consiste en series de tiempo de 1953 a 1985 de la industria de asbestos en Canadá. Se evidencia que estas decisiones sí generan diferencias pero no como para afectar la consistencia informacional de la renta. En particular, los resultados empíricos revelan una sensibilidad de la renta ante los supuestos sobre la escala de operaciones y el cambio tecnológico y sobre todo ante las propiedades de regularidad. La consistencia informacional de la renta resulta de su movimiento unidireccional a través de las variaciones en el modelo original y que en esta oportunidad estaría sugiriendo una mayor escasez a lo largo de la muestra.
¿Puede ser un gerente un líder-coach?
Authors: García Vega Silvia 
Published: February 2021

En los últimos años, la palabra coaching se escucha cada vez más fuerte en el ámbito organizacional. Las empresas están dispuestas a invertir mucho dinero para contratar coaches que ayuden a “cambiar” a sus gerentes, con el fin de convertirlos en mejores jefes, capaces de superar los resultados esperados en cuanto a metas y en cuanto a personas. Sin embargo, un proceso de coaching no busca cambiar al otro mediante instrucciones de “cómo se deben hacer las cosas”: el propósito es que el gerente descubra por sí mismo su potencial y el mundo de posibilidades que tiene a su alcance para lograr sus objetivos, apalancándose en sus fortalezas.
Un viejo, un nuevo desafío: el antilibertarianismo global
Authors: Palmer Tom 
Published: February 2021

Un espectro está atormentando al mundo: el espectro de los movimientos antilibertarios radicales, cada uno luchando con los demás como escorpiones en una botella y todos compitiendo para ver cuál puede desmantelar las instituciones de la libertad más rápido. De diversas maneras, tales movimientos están desafiando los valores y principios libertarios en el mundo, especialmente en Europa, en los Estados Unidos y en partes de Asia, pero su influencia se siente en todas partes.
Business analytics: una ventaja competitiva en la toma de decisiones para empresas inteligentes
Authors: Armas Jimmy 
Published: February 2021

Business analytics se define como el proceso para realizar análisis estadísticos más profundos de la información, utilizando algoritmos y datos históricos para hacer una predicción sobre el rendimiento futuro de un producto o servicio de la empresa. Este proceso contribuye eficientemente en la estrategia organizacional en la toma de decisiones, y, de ese modo, también en la automatización y optimización de los procesos de una compañía.
Reseña de tesis doctorales
Authors: Escalante Andrés 
Published: February 2021

La gestión por procesos en su papel de estrategia generadora de ventaja competitiva aplicada a los enfoques de asociatividad de las mypes: caso peruano, por Fernando Sotelo Raffo, Director académico del área de Ciencias de la UPC.
Identificación de patrones de innovación estratégica a través de nuevos modelos de negocio en una economía en desarrollo. Casos de business innovation en Perú con impacto global, por Guillermo Tomás Quiroga Persivale, Director de la Escuela de Postgrado de la UPC.
Simulating Drillstring Dynamics Motion and Post-Buckling State with Advanced Transient Dynamics Model
Authors: Chen Wei , Shen Yuelin , Chen Rongbing , Zhang Zhengxin , Rawlins Sheldon Andre 
Published: February 2021

SummaryAs drilling sections become deeper and longer, transferring more weight downhole to improve rate of penetration is the primary concern for the operator. Drillstring dynamics and buckling are some primary limiters for drilling efficiency. Aggressive drilling parameters may lead to severe downhole dynamics, which leads to cutter breakage and tool damage. When axial compression exceeds a certain threshold, the drillstring buckles sinusoidally inside the wellbore first, followed by helical buckling. Buckling leads to accelerated joint wear, tool fatigue failures, and lower drilling efficiency. To better manage drillstring dynamics and buckling, we propose a method of simulating drillstring dynamics motion and postbuckling state using an advanced transient dynamics model.An analysis methodology was developed on the basis of the finite element transient dynamics model. The model captures the enriched physics of drillstring dynamics and loading: the large deformation of buckled drillstring, the strong nonlinearity of contact and friction forces, and the dynamically triggered instability caused by drilling rotation. Transient dynamics simulations are conducted for drillstring with the actual well trajectory and rotation speed. The weight on bit (WOB) is ramped up gradually, and the drillstring deformation is monitored to detect the onset of buckling or dynamics instability.To conduct the model validation, the buckling inception loads predicted by the model are compared against the analytical equation of critical buckling loads. A field extended reach drilling (ERD) job was simulated by the model. The downhole weight and torque data from the measurement-while-drilling (MWD) tool was used to validate the weight transfer prediction by the model. Most existing buckling theories use the analytical equations of critical buckling load, which were normally derived on the basis of the idealized assumptions, such as perfect wellbore shape and uniform tubular geometry. The proposed method simulates the drillstring behaviors in the field drilling conditions and aims to capture effects of wellbore friction and string rotation. The transient dynamics model is capable of simulating drillstring dynamics movement (whirling and snaking) and weight lockup under severe helical buckling. An automatic method is proposed to interpret the drillstring behaviors from the simulation results. Using the transient dynamics model, the procedure presented in this article can simulate the dynamics and buckling behaviors of drillstring and help mitigate associated risks in well-planning and execution phases.
Improved Calculation of Wellblock Pressures for Numerical Simulation of Non-Newtonian Polymer Injection
Authors: Tai Irfan , Giddins Marie Ann , Muggeridge Ann 
Published: February 2021

Summary
The viability of any enhanced-oil-recovery project depends on the ability to inject the displacing fluid at an economic rate. This is typically evaluated using finite-volume numerical simulation. These simulators calculate injectivity using the Peaceman method (Peaceman 1978), which assumes that flow is Newtonian. Most polymer solutions exhibit some degree of non-Newtonian behavior resulting in a changing polymer viscosity with distance from the injection well. For shear-thinning polymer solutions, conventional simulations can overpredict injection-well bottomhole pressure (BHP) by several hundred psi, unless a computationally costly local grid refinement is used in the near-wellbore region.
We show theoretically and numerically that the Peaceman pressure-equivalent radius, based on Darcy flow, is not correct when fluids are shear thinning, and derive an analytical expression for calculating the correct radius. The expression does not depend on any particular functional relationship between polymer-solution viscosity and velocity. We test it using the relationship described by the Meter equation (Meter and Bird 1964) and the Cannella et al. (1988) correlation. Numerical tests indicate that the solution provides a significant improvement in the accuracy of BHP calculations for conventional numerical simulation, reducing or removing the need for expensive local grid refinement around the well when simulating the injection of fluids with shear-thinning non-Newtonian rheology.
In-hospital emergencies versus out-of-hospital emergencies admitted to ICU: is the outcome different? An observational study
Authors: Cauchois Emi , Bourenne Jérémy , Saux Audrey Le , Bouzana Fouad , Tilmont Antoine , Allez Charlotte , Pauly Vanessa , Gainnier Marc , Carvelli Julien 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Rapid Response Systems (RRS) are now commonly implemented throughout hospital health systems to manage in-hospital emergencies (IHE). There is limited data on characteristics and outcomes of such patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). The goal was to determine whether the hospital mortality of ICU patients was different depending on their admission pathway: in-hospital via rapid response teams (RRT), or out-of-hospital emergencies (OHE) via prehospital emergency medical systems. Results: Out of 422 ICU admissions (Timone University Hospital ICU), 241 patients were retrospectively (2019-2020) included: 74 IHE versus 167 OHE. In-hospital mortality rates did not differ between both cohorts (n = 31(42%) vs. 63(39%) respectively, NS). IHE patients were older and had more comorbidities (immunosuppression and ongoing malignancy). OHE patients had more severe organ failures at presentation with more frequent mechanical ventilation support. Independent global hospital mortality risk factors were ongoing malignancy (OR = 10.4 [2.7-40], p < 0.001), SAPS II (OR = 1.05 [1.03-1.08], p < 0.0001) and SOFA scores (OR = 1.14 [1.01-1.3], p < 0.05), hemorrhagic stroke as admission diagnosis (OR = 8.4 [2.7-26], p < 0.001), and arterial lactate on arrival (OR = 1.11 [1.03-1.2], p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study provides a thorough and comprehensive analysis of characteristics and outcomes of ICU admissions following a mature rapid response activation system, compared to the “conventional” out-of-hospital admission pathway. Despite the more vulnerable background of IHE patients, hospital mortality does not differ, supporting the use of early RRS to identify deteriorating ward patients. Take-home message: Hospital mortality does not differ between in-hospital emergencies admitted to intensive care unit and conventional out-of-hospital admissions, supporting the use of early rapid response systems and the importance of early intensive care unit admission.