bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive characteristics of the giant gurami sago strain (Osphronemus goramy Lacepède, 1801): basic knowledge for a future hatchery development strategy
Authors: Azrita Azrita , Syandri Hafrijal , Aryani Netti 
Published: September 2021

Background: The giant gourami sago strain (Osphronemus goramy Lacepède) has been approved in 2018 as a candidate for freshwater aquaculture in Indonesia. However, information on the species’ reproduction is minimal. This study analyzed the reproductive characteristics of the gourami sago strain broodfish to provide basic knowledge for a future hatchery development strategy. Methods: A total of 10 female and 10 male mature gourami sago strain broodfish were measured for body weight and length, and were evaluated for their reproductive characteristics. Breeding fish were spawned naturally in a 2×1×0.6 m concrete pond with a male-female sex ratio of 1:1. Egg weight and diameter were measured in 25 eggs per female using, respectively, ACIS AD- 600i scales with 0.01 g accuracy, and a microscope (Labo model L-711) using Canon Digital Camera Software 3 . Semen was collected using plastic syringes in 3 mL aliquots, then placed in an insulated ice-cooled container, and analyzed within two hours of collection. Results: Average weights of female and male broodfish before spawning were 2180±159.78 g and 3060±134.99 g, respectively. The relative fecundity and egg diameter were 1029±36 eggs kg-1 and 2.42±0.05 mm, respectively. The hatching rate and embryo survival to an eyed-egg stage were respectively 76.40±2.27% and 94.76±0.42%. Sperm characteristics showed that volume was 0.60±0.12 ml kg-1 and percentage of motile sperm was 70.04±2.27%. Female broodfish weight after spawning was strongly correlated with the weight before spawned (r2 = 0.999) and absolute fecundity was also strongly correlated with female broodfish weight before spawning (r2= 0.921). Sperm concentration was moderately correlated with sperm motility (r2 = 0.556) and duration of sperm motility (r2 = 0.502). Conclusions: The gourami sago strain broodfish has suitable reproductive characteristics for the development of hatcheries. Successful natural spawning should be followed by larval weaning and feeding technology to increase growth and survival.
Hearing aid through skin sensory for profound deaf people
Authors: Suppiah Yasothei , Maruthan M Chandran , Abas Fazly Salleh 
Published: September 2021

An individual with profound deafness or total hearing loss has a hearing threshold of 80dB or more. The ineffectiveness of hearing aids, surging costs and complex surgeries for cochlear implants have discouraged many to opt for these types of treatments. Hence, this research aims to provide an alternative hearing aid that stimulates “hearing” through the skin sensory, which is more affordable and accessible for the profoundly deaf or total hearing loss community. We have developed four initial vibrating transducers with single spectrum, which are strapped to a belt. The transducers pick up audible sounds through a microphone, amplifies the sound to a high-level signal, stimulating a vibration pattern on the human skin sensory. The belt was tested on 30 random people who identified as normal, partial, and profoundly deaf. When the belt was strapped to the individual’s waist, audible sound was played (stimulus) and the individual was asked whether he/she can feel a stimulation or vibration on their skin, and if so, state the sound source direction. Based on the test, all individuals were able to feel the vibrating stimulation on their skin, and they were also able to state the directions accurately. The various vibrating pattern that stimulates the human sensory system for the profoundly deaf can be learned over time, which could serve as useful information. However, interpreting and identifying the different types of vibrating pattern perceived through the skin remains a huge challenge for profoundly deaf people. As hearing through skin sensory is a very new area of research, there are very limited research articles published in this field. Thus far, this is the first study to evaluate the method of audio spectrum to develop hearing aid through skin sensory.
Integration of HIV and sexual and reproductive health in the era of anti-retroviral-based prevention: findings from assessments in Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe
Authors: Kachale Fannie , Mahaka Imelda , Mhuriro Fatima , Mugambi Mary , Murungu Joseph , Ncube Barbra , Ncube Getrude , Ndwiga Albert , Nyirenda Rose , Otindo Violet , Carter Anna , Dunbar Megan , Fleischman Janet , Rodrigues Jessica , Segal Kate 
Published: September 2021

Background: Though substantial progress has been made to curb the HIV epidemic, high rates of new HIV infections persist among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa, reflecting critical gaps in reaching them with integrated HIV prevention and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. With the scale-up of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and multiple novel HIV prevention products on the horizon, countries have a unique opportunity to expand innovative approaches to deliver comprehensive, integrated HIV/SRH services. Methods: This article is a comparative analysis of findings from rapid landscaping analyses in Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe to highlight cross-country trends and context-specific realities around HIV/SRH integration. The analyses in Kenya and Zimbabwe were completed by Ministries of Health (MOH) and the HIV Prevention Market Manager project and include 20 health facility assessments, 73 key informant interviews and six community dialogues. In Malawi, the analysis was completed by the MOH and Georgetown University Center for Innovation in Global Health and includes 70 key informant interviews and a review of national policies and program implementation in Blantyre. Findings were validated through a review of literature and policies in each country. Results: The policy environment in all three countries is conducive to HIV/SRH integration, though operationalization continues to present challenges, with most policies preceding and not accounting for oral PrEP rollout. National coordination mechanisms, youth-friendly health services and prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs are promising practices, while siloed and resource-constrained health systems, limited provider capacity, lack of support for demand generation and structural factors exacerbate barriers to achieving integration. Conclusions: As new HIV prevention products are introduced, demand for integrated HIV/SRH services is likely to grow. Investing in HIV/SRH integration can help to ensure sustainable, government-led responses to the HIV epidemic, streamline service delivery and improve the health outcomes and lives of AGYW.
Brás Cubas: um estudo na construção do defunto autor na Literatura e no Cinema
Authors: Canellas de Freitas Bruna Canellas 
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, nos dedicamos a desenvolver um diálogo comparativo entre o romance Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas (1881), do autor oitocentista Machado de Assis, e sua adaptação cinematográfica Memórias Póstumas (2001), do diretor e roteirista André Klotzel (com diálogos de José Torero). Considerando a potência significativa do texto literário, mediante as escolhas efetuadas na releitura fílmica, temos à vista que o cineasta precisou enfrentar o desafio de transpor a complexa construção do defunto autor como o narrador machadiano em Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas – por ser aclamado como o projeto literário machadiano que revolucionou o modelo de romance no Brasil
Letramentos, linguagens e mídias digitais
Authors: Santos Honorato da Silva Ana Márcia , Gomes Geam Karlo 
Published: September 2021

Resenha da obra Letramentos, mídias, linguagens, publicado em 2019 pelos pesquisadores: Roxane Rojo e Eduardo Moura em que apresentam como as diferentes linguagens se fazem necessárias para ampliação das práticas de letramentos através da interação e conexão promovidas pelas mídias com o uso de diferentes tecnologias digitais.
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of three species of Cornukaempferia in Thailand
Authors: CHUMROENPHAT THEERAPHAN , Saensouk Surapon , SAENSOUK PIYAPORN 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Chumroenphat T, Saensouk S, Saensouk P. 2021. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of three species of Cornukaempferia in Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 4036-4044. Genus Cornukaempferia (Zingiberaceae) were used as medicinal plants in Thailand. Cornukaempferia has never been reported the chemical compounds and antioxidant activity before. This study was designed to identify the chemical composition and antioxidant activities in root, rhizome, stem, and leaves of Cornukaempferia aurantiflora, C. larsenii, and C. longipetiolata. DPPH scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays assessed the chemical composition and antioxidant activity. The results showed that total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) found different plant parts obtained in this study were in the order of root>rhizomes>leaves>?stems. The C. aurantiflora had a high TPC of 416.39 mg GAE/g dry weight, while individual phenolics, such as vanillic acid at 256.90 mg/g dry weight, showed high contents in the leaf part. For C. larsenii, TFC and individual flavonoids, such as catechin, have high 62.52 and 56.47 mg/100g dry weight values in the roots, respectively. The antioxidant activities in different species of different plant parts (DPPH: root>leaves?> rhizomes?>?stems; FRAP: leaves?>root>?rhizomes?>?stems). The genus Cornukaempferia is a rich source of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the genus Cornukaempferia will be used as medicine and food to produce products with health benefits in the future.
Kilowatt power scaling of an intrinsically low Brillouin and thermo-optic Yb-doped silica fiber [Invited]
Authors: Hawkins T. W. , Dragic P. D. , Yu N. , Flores A. , Engholm M. , Ballato J. 
Published: September 2021

The performance of optical fibers is dependent on both the fiber design
and the materials from which it is made. While much of the development
over the past few decades has focused on fiber geometry and
microstructuring, more recent analyses have shown clear benefits of
addressing parasitic nonlinearities at the origins of their
light–matter interactions. Reported here are results on intrinsically
low Brillouin and thermo-optic core fibers, fabricated using modified
chemical vapor deposition. Specifically, fibers in the Yb-doped

A

l

2

O

3

−

P

2

O

5

−

B

2

O

3

−

S
i

O

2

system are developed based on how
each glass constituent affects the material parameters that enable
both stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and transverse mode
instability (TMI). One fiber, developed to be very heavily doped,
exhibited thermo-optic and Brillouin gain coefficients up to

∼

3

d
B

and 6 dB below conventional laser
fibers, respectively. A second fiber, designed to approximate a
commercial double-clad laser fiber, which necessitated lower doping
levels, was output power scaled to over 1 kW with an efficiency over
70% and no observed photodarkening under conventional testing. Design
curves for the enabling material properties that drive TMI and SBS
also are provided as functions of compositions as a tool for the
community to further study and develop intrinsically low-nonlinearity
fiber lasers.
High-peak-power electro-optically Q-switched laser with a gradient-doped Nd:YAG crystal
Authors: Wei Meng-En , Cheng Ting-Qing , Dou Ren-Qin , Zhang Qing-Li , Jiang Hai-He 
Published: September 2021

We report on a high-peak-power electro-optically

Q

-switched laser emitting a near-diffraction-limited beam profile at 1064 nm by using a gradient-doped Nd:YAG crystal. The gradient-doped crystal features a unique combination of a reduced thermal lens effect through effectively spreading the heat load distribution within its volume. Its performance is compared with those of Nd:YAG crystals with uniform volume doping distribution operating in the

Q

-switched regime with the same laser configuration, demonstrating the higher average and peak power achievable with the gradient-doped crystal. The maximum average output power amounts to 6.9 W at a pulse repetition rate of 2 kHz, which corresponds to a maximum peak power of

∼

585

k
W

. Compared to homogeneous dopant crystals, the slope efficiency and average output power increased by 30.8% and 21.1%, respectively.
Update: Gender differences in CABG outcomes—Have we bridged the gap?
Authors: Matyal Robina , Qureshi Nada Qaisar , Mufarrih Syed Hamza , Sharkey Aidan , Bose Ruma , Chu Louis M. , Liu David C. , Senthilnathan Venkatachalam , Mahmood Feroze , Khabbaz Kamal R. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Appreciation of unique presentation, patterns and underlying pathophysiology of coronary artery disease in women has driven gender based risk stratification and risk reduction efforts over the last decade. Data regarding whether these advances have resulted in unequivocal improvements in outcomes of CABG in women is conflicting. The objective of our study was to assess gender differences in post-operative outcomes following CABG.

Methods
Retrospective analyses of institutional data housed in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) database for patients undergoing CABG between 2002 and 2020 were conducted. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to investigate gender differences in post-operative outcomes. P-values were adjusted using Bonferroni correction to reduce type-I errors.

Results
Our final cohort of 6,250 patients had fewer women than men (1,339 vs. 4,911). more women were diabetic (52.0% vs. 41.2%, p<0.001) and hypertensive (89.1% vs. 84.0%, p<0.001). Women had higher adjusted odds of developing ventilator dependence >48 hours (OR: 1.65 [1.21, 2.45], p = 0.002) and cardiac readmissions (OR: 1.56 [1.27, 2.30], p = 0.003). After adjustment for comorbidity burden, mortality rates in women were comparable to those of age-matched men.

Conclusion
The findings of our study indicate that despite apparent reduction of differences in mortality, the burden of postoperative morbidity is still high among women.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among homeless people living rough, in shelters and squats: A large population-based study in France
Authors: Loubiere Sandrine , Monfardini Elisabetta , Allaria Camille , Mosnier Marine , Allibert Agathe , Ninove Laetitia , Bosetti Thomas , Farnarier Cyril , Hamouda Ilyes , Auquier Pascal , Mosnier Emilie , Tinland Aurélie 
Published: September 2021

Background
Overcrowded housing, as well as inadequate sanitary conditions, contribute to making homeless people particularly vulnerable to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection among people experiencing homelessness on a large city-wide scale in Marseille, France, taking into account different types of accommodation.

Methods
A consortium of outreach teams in 48 different locations including streets, slums, squats, emergency or transitional shelters and drop-in centres participated in the inclusion process. All participants consented to have a validated rapid antibody assay for immunoglobulins M (IgM) and G (IgG) and to answer a questionnaire on medical health conditions, comorbidities, and previous COVID-19 symptoms. Information on their housing conditions since the COVID-19 crisis was also collected from the participants.

Results
From June 01 to August 05, 2020, 1,156 homeless participants were enrolled in the study and tested. The overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies was 5.6% (95%CI 2.3–7.0), ranging from 2.2% in people living on the streets to 8.1% in people living in emergency shelters (P = 0.009). Around one third of the seropositive participants reported COVID-19 symptoms. Compared to the general population in Marseille (3.6%), the homeless population living in the same urban area experienced a significantly increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (|z| = 3.65 > 1.96).

Conclusion
These findings highlight the need for regular screening among the homeless to prevent clustering in overcrowded or inadequate accommodations. It is also necessary to provide essential resources to keep homeless people healthy, the vast majority of whom have cumulative risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vizsgálatok a kriminalizálódott magyar NEET fiatalok körében
Authors: Sánta Tamás 
Published: September 2021

The study is a transcript of a lecture given by the Partium Christian University in February 2020 in Oradea at the conference entitled “from Cradle to University” in the Carpathian Basin. The topic of the lecture and the subject of the empirical study is a group of young people who have been criminalized within the Hungarian NEET (Not in Employment, Education or Training) youth group. In the introduction of the paper, the concept of NEET will be defined, and briefly discussed the specifics of the study group. In the methodological part, the research methods are presented, followed by a partial presentation of the research results, which focuses primarily on the vision of criminalized Hungarian NEET youth. Empirical data from the research point in the direction that a significant part of the members of the study group, despite the fact that some of the group members face even long-term imprisonment, still they can see a more positive and successful future in front of them.
State of aquatic invasive species in tropical India: An overview
Authors: Singh Atul K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
India, a megadiverse tropical country is grappling with the rising trend of aquatic invasions. Out of 532 introduced non-native fish, 16 species of freshwater aquaculture and aquarium were assessed invasive by using a risk assessment protocol, ‘Fish Invasiveness Screening Test’. Six major identified invasion pathways of the aquatic invasive species were inadvertent or deliberate releases, escapes, contaminants from hatcheries, river corridors, stowaways and unaided introductions. Invasion mechanism further elucidated the factors promoting successful invasion in freshwater ecosystems. For predictive future performance of invasive fish, the concrete and predictive values based on mean abundance by weight was calculated. Over 28.67% and 29.02 % persistent increased yield of the invasive Tilapia and Common Carp respectively was predicted in the Ganga river in the coming decades. Single species Tilapia invasion facilitated multiple species fish invasion, manifesting in invasion meltdown. The trophic changes due to fish invasion exhibited biotic homogenization with trophic downgrading. Aquatic invasive species were found highly competitive interacting with native species causing serious biodiversity loss, health hazards, and economic damage consequently affecting the ecosystem services. In spite of available regulatory approaches and guidelines to manage aquatic invasive species, fish invasion has been on the rise. This paper suggests modifications and stringent implementation of the existing regulatory mechanisms besides adopting linkages, cutting-edge research on invasion science and modern molecular containment tools for effective management.
Distribution of alien invasive species in aquatic ecosystems of the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Raj Smrithy , Prakash Pranav , Reghunath Rajesh , Tharian Josin C. , Raghavan Rajeev , Kumar Appukuttannair Biju 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present results of the first major attempt to record the distribution of aquatic alien species in the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot using Geographical Information System. A total of 32 alien species, including four macrophytes (Salvinia molesta, Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes and Cabomba furcata) and 28 fish were recorded from the southern part of the Western Ghats. Seven of these have established natural populations and are invasive, which includes Oreochromis mossambicus, O. niloticus (Cichlidae), Poecilia reticulata, Gambusia affinis (Poeciliidae), Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Loricariidae), Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae) and Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae). Oreochromis mossambicus is the most extensively distributed invasive fish in the region. Major reservoirs serve as a spawning hub for species such as C. gariepinus and C. carpio. Significant pathways for the establishment of most alien species in Western Ghats were aquarium trade and aquaculture. Given the increasing records of alien species and proliferation of invasive species in the southern region of the Western Ghats, urgent research and policy interventions are suggested, including the development of a comprehensive database on distribution, trade, invasion biology, as well as determining both short-term and longterm impacts on endemic fauna.
Invasion and potential risks of introduced exotic aquatic species in Indian islands
Authors: Raghunathan C. , Mondal T. , Chandra K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
India is endowed with a wide range of ecosystems, of which oceanic island ecosystems viz. Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep are unique and ecologically fragile because of the high degree of endemism in species composition. Altogether 25 species under different faunal groups such as cnidarians, polychaetes, cirripedes, mollusks, and ascidians are reported as invasive species in Indian islands, of which 24 species are found in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, while 4 species are available in Lakshadweep. Ship-mediated invasions, especially ballast water discharge and ship-hull fouling, are the major source of invasions as these islands are located in the vicinity of the international sea route. In the present paper, we have represented these non-native species of fauna and flora to discriminate and identify them as non-native or invasive. This study deals with the diversity and distribution of aquatic invasive species in islands and their detrimental impact on the island ecosystem.
Management of alien aquatic invasive species: Strategic guidelines and policy in India
Authors: Singh Atul K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The present article is aimed at understanding current policies and implementation strategies for the management of aquatic invasive species in India and identifying opportunities for improvement. Existing management approaches and policies have briefly been put into place concerning fish introductions and aquatic invasive species, but looking at their effectiveness, it is argued that mitigating the negative impacts caused by invasive species should be at the core for their successful management. International institutions have explicitly recognized the need to contain and eradicate biological invasions and have set of relevant guidelines and enforcements. In India, risk assessment, risk management, quarantine, biosecurity and regulatory mechanisms have been developed and implemented to filter fish introductions and consequently check aquatic invasions. Nevertheless, invasive species introduced into the inland waters are emerging as ‘chronic risks’ to the aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem services. It is imperative that these emerging issues are put on the National Agenda and Action Plan to regulate fish invasions and minimise their adverse impacts. A National Policy on prevention and control of aquatic invasive species is urgently needed to deal with nuisance and harmful impacts. Some future needs have also been suggested to tackle this issue.