bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Dependence of Galactic Properties Traced by Lyα Forest Absorption: Diversity among Galaxy Populations
Authors: Momose Rieko , Shimasaku Kazuhiro , Kashikawa Nobunari , Nagamine Kentaro , Shimizu Ikkoh , Nakajima Kimihiko , Terao Yasunori , Kusakabe Haruka , Ando Makoto , Motohara Kentaro , Spitler Lee 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to shed light on how galactic properties depend on the intergalactic medium (IGM) environment traced by the Lyα forest, we observationally investigate the IGM–galaxy connection using the publicly available 3D IGM tomography data (CLAMATO) and several galaxy catalogs in the COSMOS field. We measure the cross-correlation function (CCF) for 570 galaxies with spec-z measurements and detect a correlation with the IGM up to 50 h
−1 comoving Mpc. We show that galaxies with stellar masses of 109−1010
M
⊙ are the dominant contributor to the total CCF signal. We also investigate CCFs for several galaxy populations: Lyα emitters (LAEs), Hα emitters (HAEs), [O iii] emitters (O3Es), active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), and we detect the highest signal in AGNs and SMGs at large scales (r ≥ 5 h
−1 Mpc), but in LAEs at small scales (r < 5 h
−1 Mpc). We find that they live in various IGM environments—HAEs trace the IGM in a similar manner to the continuum-selected galaxies, but LAEs and O3Es tend to reside in higher-density regions. Additionally, LAEs’ CCF is flat up to r ∼ 3 h
−1 Mpc, indicating that they tend to avoid the highest-density regions. For AGNs and SMGs, the CCF peak at r = 5−6 h
−1 Mpc implies that they tend to be in locally lower-density regions. We suspect that it is due to the photoionization of IGM H i by AGNs, i.e., the proximity effect.
Revealing Efficient Dust Formation at Low Metallicity in Extragalactic Carbon-rich Wolf-Rayet Binaries
Authors: Lau Ryan M. , Hankins Matthew J. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Bond Howard E. , De Kishalay , Jencson Jacob E. , Moffat Anthony F. J. , Smith Nathan , Williams Peredur M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present Spitzer/InfraRed Array Camera observations of dust formation from six extragalactic carbon-rich Wolf-Rayet (WC) binary candidates in low-metallicity (Z ≲ 0.65 Z
⊙) environments using multiepoch mid-infrared (IR) imaging data from the SPitzer InfraRed Intensive Transients Survey (SPIRITS). Optical follow-up spectroscopy of SPIRITS 16ln, 19q, 16df, 18hb, and 14apu reveals emission features from C iv
λ5801−12 and/or the C iii–iv
λ4650/He ii
λ4686 blend that are consistent with early-type WC stars. We identify SPIRITS 16ln as the variable mid-IR counterpart of the recently discovered colliding-wind WC4 + O binary candidate, N604-WRXc, located in the subsolar metallicity NGC 604 H ii region in M33. We interpret the mid-IR variability from SPIRITS 16ln as a dust-formation episode in an eccentric colliding-wind WC binary. SPIRITS 19q, 16df, 14apu, and 18hb exhibit absolute [3.6] magnitudes exceeding that of one of the most IR-luminous dust-forming WC systems known, WR 104 (M
[3.6] ≲ −12.3). An analysis of dust formation in the mid-IR outburst from SPIRITS 19q reveals a high dust production rate of

M
⊙ yr−1, which may therefore exceed that of the most efficient dust-forming WC systems known. We demonstrate that efficient dust formation is feasible from early-type WC binaries in the theoretical framework of colliding-wind binary dust formation if the systems host an O-type companion with high mass-loss rates (

M
⊙ yr−1). This efficient dust formation from early-type WC binaries highlights their potential role as significant sources of dust in low-metallicity environments.
Review of the Particle Background of the Athena X-IFU Instrument
Authors: Lotti Simone , D’Andrea Matteo , Molendi Silvano , Macculi Claudio , Minervini Gabriele , Fioretti Valentina , Laurenza Monica , Jacquey Christian , Piro Luigi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
X-ray observations are limited by the background, due to the intrinsic faintness or diffuse nature of the sources. The future Athena X-ray observatory has among its goals the characterization of these sources. We aim at characterizing the particle-induced background of the Athena microcalorimeter, in both its low- (soft protons) and high-energy (galactic cosmic rays—GCR) induced components, to assess the instrument capability to characterize background-dominated sources such as the outskirts of clusters of galaxies. We compare two radiation environments, namely the L1 and L2 Lagrangian points, and derive indications against the latter. We estimate the particle-induced background level on the X-IFU microcalorimeter with Monte Carlo simulations, before and after all of the solutions adopted to reduce its level. Concerning the GCR-induced component, the background level is compliant with the mission requirement. Regarding the soft-proton component, the analysis does not predict dramatically different backgrounds in the L1 and L2 orbits. However, the lack of data concerning the L2 environment labels it as very weakly characterizable, and thus we advise against choosing it as the orbit for X-ray missions. We then use these background levels to simulate the observation of a typical galaxy cluster from its center out to 1.2 R
200 to probe the characterization capabilities of the instrument out to the outskirts. We find that without any background reduction, it is not possible to characterize the properties of the cluster in the outer regions. We also find no improvement in the observations when carried out during the solar maximum with respect to solar minimum conditions.
In Situ Heating of the Nightside Martian Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere: The Role of Solar Wind Electron Precipitation
Authors: Niu D.-D. , Cui J. , Gu H. , Wu X. -S. , Cao Y. -T. , Dai L.- K. , Wu M. -Y. , Zhang T. -L. , Rong Z. -J. , Wei Y. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the absence of solar radiation, precipitating electrons from the solar wind (SW) are generally thought to be the dominant source of energy deposition in the nightside Martian upper atmosphere, creating a patchy ionosphere and possibly also affecting the nightside thermal budget of various neutral and ionized species. Previous model calculations have not taken into account in situ heating via SW electron impact. In the present study, we utilize extensive measurements made by several instruments on board the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft, in order to perform data-driven computations of the nightside neutral, ion, and electron heating rates. Considering the large range of energetic electron intensity observed on the nightside of Mars, we divide the entire data set into two subsamples, either with or without energetic electron depletion, a notable feature of the nightside Martian ionosphere. Our calculations indicate that in situ nightside neutral heating is dominated by exothermic chemistry and Maxwell interaction with thermal ions for regions with depletion, and by direct SW impact for regions without. Collisional quenching of excited state species produced from a variety of channels, such as electron impact excitation, dissociation, and ionization, as well as

dissociative recombination, makes a substantial contribution to neutral heating, except during depletion. For comparison, nightside ion heating is mainly driven by energetic ion production under all circumstances, which occurs mainly via ion-neutral reaction O+ + CO2 and CO2
+ predissociation.
3D Magnetothermal Simulations of Tangled Crustal Magnetic Field in Central Compact Objects
Authors: Igoshev Andrei P. , Gourgouliatos Konstantinos N. , Hollerbach Rainer , Wood Toby S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Central compact objects (CCOs) are young neutron stars emitting thermal X-rays with bolometric luminosities L
X in the range of 1032–1034 erg s−1. Gourgouliatos, Hollerbach, and Igoshev recently suggested that peculiar emission properties of CCOs can be explained by tangled magnetic field configurations formed in a stochastic dynamo during the proto–neutron star stage. In this case the magnetic field consists of multiple small-scale components with negligible contribution of global dipolar field. We study numerically three-dimensional magnetothermal evolution of tangled crustal magnetic fields in neutron stars. We find that all configurations produce complicated surface thermal patterns that consist of multiple small hot regions located at significant separations from each other. The configurations with initial magnetic energy of (2.5–10) × 1047 erg have temperatures of hot regions that reach ≈ 0.2 keV, to be compared with the bulk temperature of ≈ 0.1 keV in our simulations with no cooling. A factor of two in temperature is also seen in observations of CCOs. The hot spots produce periodic modulations in light curve with typical amplitudes of ≤9%–11%. Therefore, the tangled magnetic field configuration can explain thermal emission properties of some CCOs.
The Fast-evolving Type Ib Supernova SN 2015dj in NGC 7371
Authors: Singh Mridweeka , Misra Kuntal , Valenti Stefano , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Pastorello Andrea , Srivastav Shubham , Gangopadhyay Anjasha , Dastidar Raya , Tomasella Lina , Arcavi Iair , Benetti Stefano , Callis Emma , Cappellaro Enrico , Elias-Rosa Nancy , Howell D. Andrew , Kim Sang Chul , McCully Curtis , Tartaglia Leonardo , Terreran Giacomo , Turatto Massimo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present the detailed optical evolution of a Type Ib SN 2015dj in NGC 7371, using data spanning up to ∼170 days after discovery. SN 2015dj shares similarity in light-curve shape with SN 2007gr and peaks at M

V
= −17.37 ± 0.02 mag. Analytical modeling of the quasi bolometric light curve yields 0.06 ± 0.01 M
⊙ of 56Ni, ejecta mass

M
⊙, and kinetic energy

erg. The spectral features show a fast evolution and resemble those of spherically symmetric ejecta. The analysis of nebular phase spectral lines indicates a progenitor mass between 13–20 M
⊙, suggesting a binary scenario.
The UBV Color Evolution of Classical Novae. IV. Time-stretched (U − B)0–(M

B
− 2.5 log f
s) and (V − I)0–(M

I
− 2.5 log f
s) Color–Magnitude Diagrams of Novae in Outbursts
Authors: Hachisu Izumi , Kato Mariko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Light curves and color evolutions of two classical novae can be largely overlapped if we properly squeeze or stretch the timescale of a target nova against that of a template nova by

. Then, the brightness of the target nova is related to the brightness of the template nova by

, where M[t] is the absolute magnitude and a function of time t, and f
s is the ratio of timescales between the target and template novae. In the previous papers of this series, we show that many novae broadly overlap in the time-stretched (B − V)0–

color–magnitude diagram. In the present paper, we propose two other (U − B)0–

and (V − I)0–

diagrams and show that their tracks overlap for 16 and 52 novae, respectively. Here (U − B)0, (B − V)0, and (V − I)0 are the intrinsic U − B, B − V, and V − I colors and not changed by the time stretch, and M

B
, M

V
, and M

I
are the absolute B, V, and I magnitudes. Using these properties, we considerably refine the previous estimates of their distance and reddening. The obtained distances are in reasonable agreement with those of the Gaia Data Release 2 catalog.
A VLA Census of the Galactic H II Region Population
Authors: Armentrout W. P. , Anderson L. D. , Wenger Trey V. , Balser Dana S. , Bania T. M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Milky Way contains thousands of H ii region candidates identified by their characteristic mid-infrared morphology, but lacking detections of ionized gas tracers such as radio continuum or radio recombination line emission. These targets thus remain unconfirmed as H ii regions. With only ∼2500 confirmed H ii regions in the Milky Way, Galactic surveys are deficient by several thousand nebulae when compared to external galaxies with similar star formation rates. Using sensitive 9 GHz radio continuum observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, we explore a sample of H ii region candidates in order to set observational limits on the actual total population of Galactic H ii regions. We target all infrared–identified “radio-quiet” sources from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Catalog of Galactic H ii regions between 245° ≥ ℓ ≥ 90° with infrared diameters less than 80′′. We detect radio continuum emission from 50% of the targeted H ii region candidates, providing strong evidence that most of the radio-quiet candidates are bona fide H ii regions. We measure the peak and integrated radio flux densities and compare the inferred Lyman continuum fluxes using models of OB stars. We conclude that stars of approximately spectral type B2 and earlier are able to create H ii regions with similar infrared and radio continuum morphologies as the more luminous H ii regions created by O stars. From our 50% detection rate of “radio-quiet” sources, we set a lower limit of ∼7000 for the H ii region population of the Galaxy. Thus the vast majority of the Milky Way’s H ii regions remain to be discovered.
thornado-hydro: A Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Supernova Hydrodynamics with Nuclear Equations of State*
Authors: Pochik David , Barker Brandon L. , Endeve Eirik , Buffaloe Jesse , Dunham Samuel J. , Roberts Nick , Mezzacappa Anthony 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes algorithms for nonrelativistic hydrodynamics in the toolkit for high-order neutrino radiation hydrodynamics (thornado), which is being developed for multiphysics simulations of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) and related problems with Runge–Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG) methods. More specifically, thornado employs a spectral-type nodal collocation approximation, and we have extended limiters—a slope limiter to prevent nonphysical oscillations and a bound-enforcing limiter to prevent nonphysical states—from the standard RKDG framework to be able to accommodate a tabulated nuclear equation of state (EoS). To demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithms with a nuclear EoS, we first present numerical results from basic test problems in idealized settings in one and two spatial dimensions, employing Cartesian, spherical-polar, and cylindrical coordinates. Then, we apply the RKDG method to the problem of adiabatic collapse, shock formation, and shock propagation in spherical symmetry, initiated with a 15 M
⊙ progenitor. We find that the extended limiters improve the fidelity and robustness of the RKDG method in idealized settings. The bound-enforcing limiter improves the robustness of the RKDG method in the adiabatic collapse application, while we find that slope limiting in characteristic fields is vulnerable to structures in the EoS—more specifically, in the phase transition from nuclei and nucleons to bulk nuclear matter. The success of these applications marks an important step toward applying RKDG methods to more realistic CCSN simulations with thornado in the future.
The Infrared Spectrum of Protonated C70
Authors: Palotás Julianna , Martens Jonathan , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the detection of C60, C70, and

in the interstellar medium, fullerenes are currently the largest molecules identified in space. The relatively high proton affinities of C60 and C70 support the hypothesis that protonated fullerenes may also be abundant in the interstellar matter. Here, we present the first experimental vibrational spectrum of C70H+, recorded in the gas phase. The attachment of a proton to C70 causes a drastic symmetry lowering, which results in a rich vibrational spectrum. As compared to C60, where all C-atoms are equivalent due to the icosahedral symmetry, C70 belongs to the D5h
point group and has five nonequivalent C-atoms, which are available as protonation sites. Combined analysis of the experimental spectrum and spectra computed at the density functional theory level enables us to evaluate the protonation isomers being formed. We compare the IR spectra of C60H+ and C70H+ to IR emission spectra from planetary nebulae, which suggests that a mixture of these fullerene analogs could contribute to their IR emission.
S’affranchir de l’androcentrisme dans le théâtre colombien : de la « crise de la masculinité » aux masculinités critiques
Authors: Serban Gabriella 
Published: March 2021

Cet article étudie les mutations observables dans la représentation des masculinités, à partir des années 1990, dans le théâtre colombien. En s’appuyant sur des textes notamment de Fabio Rubiano et Ana María Vallejo, il s’agit de répondre à la question suivante : comment rendre à sa particularité une question marquée par sa propension à l’hypertrophie et la neutralisation ? Ce corpus permet ainsi d’interroger les enjeux et écueils des différentes stratégies esthétiques qui œuvrent à penser les masculinités. Cela aboutit à la proposition d’outils conceptuels pour discerner ce qui relève d’une simple mutation de l’androcentrisme ou de son profond ébranlement. Dans le premier cas, celui de la « crise de la masculinité », la question est abordée sous un angle ontologique et tend à reconduire la figure universelle du héros tragique, vêtu d’atours désormais postmodernes. Dans le deuxième, celui des « masculinités critiques », une profonde remise en question de cette vue totalisatrice s’opère, en procédant notamment à un reclassement du masculin dans l’économie de l’écriture. Cela nous permettra de conclure sur le constat d’un type de théâtre original, constituant une alternative possible aux propositions postdramatiques, que nous appelons ici « interstitiel ».
Principios legitimadores de la matriz ideológica doctrinaria de la derecha chilena, 1973‑tiempo presente
Authors: Olguín Olate Jorge 
Published: March 2021

A partir de una metodología fundamentada en biografías, autobiografías y testimonios de una serie de actores civiles y militares de la última dictadura civil militar, se pretende demostrar que la derecha chilena es una ideología que se operacionaliza en una serie de principios legitimadores de origen católico escolástico, tales como: orden, derecho a rebelión, propiedad privada, desigualdad, antimarxismo, subsidiariedad, bien común, entre otros. Cuando esos principios se ven amenzados, se pueden reactualizar bajo nuevos enfoques, como aconteció con el neoliberalismo que los reinterpretó para una nueva derecha que se instaló en el poder en 1973, y que actualmente, gobierna Chile.
Un courant singulier au sein du conservatisme états‑unien ?
Authors: Bourgois Pierre 
Published: March 2021

Le néoconservatisme américain a reçu une attention considérable ces dernières années. On associe effectivement, à ce courant de pensée, la politique étrangère « agressive » menée par l’administration de George W. Bush au Moyen-Orient au début des années 2000. Le néoconservatisme est en réalité un mouvement bien plus ancien, dont la genèse demeure relativement « complexe ». D’une manière générale, on peut distinguer deux principales générations au sein du courant, l’une durant la Guerre froide et l’autre, à partir du milieu des années 1990. Notre travail vise à analyser, en détail, cette seconde génération du néoconservatisme, de son renouveau peu après la fin de la Guerre froide à son déclin progressif, notamment dans les années suivant le mandat de George W. Bush. Plus particulièrement, il s’agit de questionner son positionnement au sein des autres familles du conservatisme états-unien. À ce titre, le néoconservatisme semble développer une vision particulière des affaires intérieures comme internationales, faisant de lui un mouvement « à part » des autres courants conservateurs.
Des dieux parmi les hommes : l’installation des « statues de culte » en Grèce ancienne
Authors: Pirenne-Delforge Vinciane 
Published: March 2021

La pluralité des dieux grecs et l’anthropomorphisme qui en caractérise la représentation ont donné lieu à la production de milliers de statues, dont une partie peuple aujourd’hui nos musées. Mais quel était le statut de ces statues dans le contexte qui les a vu naître ? Qu’en est-il, parmi elles, des prétendues « statues de culte » ? La notion doit être interrogée en la replaçant dans le cadre de la représentation que les Grecs se faisaient de leurs dieux et de la manière dont ils entraient en communication avec eux par les rituels.
Les fondations mésopotamiennes, conservatoire pour l’étude des textiles
Authors: Thomas Ariane , Moulherat Christophe 
Published: March 2021

Le département des Antiquités orientales du musée du Louvre conserve des objets sur lesquels subsistent des textiles sous une forme minéralisée qui font actuellement l’objet d’une étude globale inédite. Nous présentons ici l’étude des textiles conservés sur les clous de fondation de la IIe dynastie de Lagash (fin du IIIe millénaire avant J.-C. ; Mésopotamie méridionale).
La Dame à la licorne, sa conservation et l’évaluation colorimétrique du nettoyage
Authors: Taburet-Delahaye Élisabeth , Déjean Raphaëlle , Reyer Dominique de , Nowik Witold 
Published: March 2021

Les six tapisseries de la tenture de La Dame à la licorne forment un ensemble exceptionnel à bien des égards : une iconographie abondamment commentée, une histoire mouvementée, une qualité d’exécution remarquable. Malgré la grande vigilance déployée à leur égard, leur état nécessitait des interventions de conservation qui devaient également orienter les choix muséographiques de la salle rénovée. Des analyses colorimétriques ont permis d’apprécier l’efficacité du lavage préconisé en raison de leur état sanitaire, mais également de définir un référentiel pour le suivi futur de leur état de surface.
Étude d’un paravent du China Trade conservé aux Archives nationales
Authors: Bechstedt Janin , Dal-Prà Patricia , Gascuel Hélène , Maillet Stéphanie , Meuleau Sabine 
Published: March 2021

Le musée des Archives nationales conserve un paravent (n° inv. AE/Vla/15) orné de peintures chinoises d’exportation (China Trade) qui porte l’estampille d’un ébéniste parisien de la fin du xviiie siècle. Son état préoccupant a conduit les Archives à commander, en novembre 2012, une étude technique préalable à la restauration accompagnée d’une proposition de traitement. Celle-ci a été confiée à Patricia Dal-Prà et à Janin Bechstedt et a été réalisée dans les ateliers du C2RMF dont le département Recherche a effectué les analyses scientifiques. Elle a été complétée en 2013 par une étude iconographique menée par Hélène Gascuel.
« Instruire par les yeux. » Une documentation graphique précoce dans le domaine des antiques (xviiie-xixe siècles)
Authors: Bourgeois Brigitte 
Published: March 2021

L’article s’attache au développement précoce d’une documentation signalant l’étendue des restaurations, dans des publications de sculpture et de céramique antiques durant la première moitié du xixe siècle. À l’origine de cette exigence exemplaire, on trouve des milieux érudits comptant parmi leurs rangs Winckelmann, Heyne, Millin, Millingen et le comte de Clarac. Une importance particulière a été accordée au rôle de l’image dans cette démarche de partage des connaissances, aux enjeux épistémologiques et éthiques clairement énoncés.