bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staged radiosurgery in the managment of patients with brain metastases
Authors: Osinov I. K. , Golanov A. V. , Banov S. M. , Artemenkova A. E. , Kostuchenko V. V. , Dalechina A. V. 
Published: May 2021

The study objective is to present the results of the treatment of metastatic brain patients by the staged radiosurgery with the Gamma Knife.Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis included 31 patients (13 men and 18 women) with brain metastases, whose radiosurgery treatment was carried out in 2 sessions. The operation was contraindicated in all patients due to the risk of neurological deficits or due to the high anesthesiological risk.Results. Local control of metastases growth was achieved in 31 (96.9 %) of 32 foci 3 months after treatment, and in 92.5 and 83.8 %, after 6 and 12 months, respectively. The age <50 years were associated with higher progression-free survival respectively. The median time of grade I–II radiation complications was 3.0 months, complications were observed in 11 (45.8 %) of 24 patients. Radiation complications of grade II (perifocal edema) were observed in 8 (33.3 %) patients, grade III (radionecrosis) – in 2 (8.3 %) patients. Overall survival at 6 and 12 months was 55.6 and 40.8 %, respectively (median 6.9 months), in patients receiving antitumor drug treatment – 80.0 and 56.8 %, respectively. All patients who did not received antitumor drug therapy died within 6 months.Conclusion. Two-stage radiosurgery, carried out in 2 sessions with an interval of 2–4 weeks, provides satisfactory local control with an acceptable level of post-radiation complications. This method of treatment can be used in patients with large brain metastases who are not subject to surgical treatment.
Radiosurgical treatment of patients with intracranial pilocytic astrocytomas
Authors: Trunin Yu. Yu. , Golanov A. V. , Konovalov A. N. , Pronin I. N. , Zagirov R. I. , Shishkina L. V. , Ryzhova M. V. , Serova N. K. , Mazerkina N. A. , Khukhlaeva E. A. , Kadyrov Sh. U. , Igoshina E. N. , Antipina N. A. , Kostyuchenko V. V. 
Published: May 2021

The study objective is to assess the outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgical treatment (SRS) in patients with pilocytic astrocytomas after non-radical surgery and after continued tumor growth.Materials and methods. The report includes 56 patients (37 males and 19 females) who have undergone SRS in N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery from March 2005 to January 2018.Results. The majority of patients (75 %) were children. Almost 43 % of patients underwent SRS as part of the primary treatment after biopsy or incomplete removal, other patients – in the event of continued tumor growth after non-total surgery. Tumors involved the cerebellum (41 %), brainstem (23 %), thalamus (19.6 %) and cerebral hemispheres (16.1 %). The median tumor volume was 1.9 cm3 (0.14–19.00 cm3), 23 % of patients had cysts in the tumor. The prescribed dose was 12 to 22 Gy (median 18 Gy) over 50–80 % isodose line. The follow-up was available for 54 (96.4 %) patients. The median follow-up was 67 months (3–151 months). All patients were alive at the end of the follow-up examination. In 14 (25 %) patients, the development of pseudo-progression (PSP) was noted. The median detection of PSP is 11 months (3–65 months). Of these, in 7 (50 %) patients PSP was accompanied by clinical deterioration: in 5 – an increase in general cerebral symptoms and in 1 patient – an episode and an increase in cerebellar symptoms. Eight (57 %) patients with PSP were reoperated: 4 underwent removal of the tumor, 4 – emptying of the cyst and placement of the Ommaya reservoir, which led to regression of the existing symptoms. No other toxicity was observed in patients. At the time of the completion of the follow-up examination (with a given median follow-up), no relapses were detected. There was no clinical deterioration after SRS.Conclusion. Radiosurgical treatment is an effective and safe method of radiation treatment for patients with primary pilocytic astrocytomas and recurrent pilocytic astrocytomas, providing control over tumor growth in all patients with a low risk of complications.
The quantitative evaluation of cortico-spinal tract involvement in malignant intracerebral tumors
Authors: Ermolaev A. Yu. , Kravets L. Ya. , Klyuev E. A. , Yashin K. S. , Lobanova E. V. , Medyanik I. A. 
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was development of the method for preoperative quantitative evaluation of pyramidal tract and tumor relationship in malignant intracerebral tumors.Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis of 62 patients underwent surgery at the Department of Neurosurgery of Privolzhsky Research Medical University in 2017–2019, was performed. The patients were divide in 3 groups: metastatic brain tumor (n = 16); contrast-enhanced gliomas (grade III–IV); contrast-nonenhanced gliomas (grade II–III). The following protocol was implemented for all patients: preoperative DTI-tractography; intraoperative direct subcortical electrical stimulation with fixation of the minimum current intensity at receiving the motor response; pre- and postoperative motor function assessment using MRC-scale. Tract Involvement Index (TII) based on the ratio of the perimeter of the part of the tract involvement in pathological MRI-signal to its cross-section area was calculated using image processing of preoperative MRI and MRI-tractography data.Results. The association between TII values (from 0 to 1.75) and the severity of pre-operative paresis was demonstrated. We have discovered that the greater value of the pyramidal TII was corresponded to the greater severity of the paresis in MRC (p <0.001, n = 62). The analysis of TII values and intraoperative motor direct subcortical mapping results showed an increase in risk of contact with a tract at higher TII value (B0 = −1.6; Bi = 6.61; χ2 = 30.53; n = 62, p <0.001). The TII demonstrates better prognostic value in patients without radiation therapy in anamnesis.Conclusions. The method for preoperative quantitative evaluation of pyramidal tract and tumor relationship using TII calculation can provide additional information for planning surgical treatment in patients with intracerebral tumors without radiation treatment in the history.
Results of surgical treatment of patients with basilar invagination associated with type I Chiari malformation
Authors: Epifanov D. S. , Lebedev V. B. , Zuev A. A. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Each of the pathologies is rare and can lead to compression of the brainstem and spinal cord, with the development of a “mixed” clinical picture. The tactics of treating such patients differs from one author to another.The objective is to present the author’s experience in treating patients with basilar invagination associated with type I Chiari malformation and to analyze the literature on the methods of surgical treatment of this pathology.Materials and methods. From 2014 to 2019, 3 patients with a basilar invagination and type I Chiari malformation were surgically treated at the N. I. Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center. Indications for surgical intervention were long-term progressive neurological disorders, lack of effect from conservative therapy. Patients underwent anterior transnasal and posterior decompression of nerve structures followed by stabilization.Results. All patients were evaluated 12 months after surgery. All patients in neurological status showed positive dynamics. According to magnetic resonance imaging of the craniovertebral junction, 2 patients showed positive dynamics: regression of the myelopathy, a decrease in the diameter of the syringomyelic cyst.Conclusion. The criteria for anterior transnasal decompression are the predominance of bulbar disorders and / or paresis in the extremities in the clinical picture; posterior decompression of nerve structures, indicated in the presence of specific symptoms of type I Chiari malformation and / or syringomyelia. Taking into account the results of the latest published studies it can be assumed that stabilization is a necessary option in the treatment of patients with this pathology.
Endoscopic skull base reconstruction of large defects: retrospective analysis of 30 cases
Authors: Shelesko E. V. , Chernikova N. A. , Kravchuk A. D. , Zinkevich D. N. , Belov A. I. 
Published: May 2021

Background. Endoscopic skull base reconstruction of large defects is a difficult issue in neurosurgery, as there are problems associated with a wide dural resection, intra-arachnoid dissection (due to removal of the meningocele or resection of an intracranially spreading tumor), and exposure to high-flow cerebrospinal fluid within the cisterns. But perhaps the most significant influence is the larger nonvascularized reconstructive bed – cerebrospinal fluid on one side and sinus cavity (air) on the other.The study objective is to analyze our own experience in treating patients with large defects of the skull base and, based on the results obtained, to optimize the method of reconstruction.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 30 cases of reconstruction of large defects of skull base of various etiologies. The results of surgery in the early and late postoperative period were evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using the exact Fisher criterion and the analysis of arbitrary contingency tables using the chi-square criterion. A literature review was conducted to compare the data obtained with the results of other studies.Results. In the group of patients (n = 16) for whom reconstruction was performed only with free transplants the effectiveness of reconstruction was 75 %. In the group of patients (n = 14) who underwent the last stage of reconstruction using a vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flap, the plastic surgery efficiency was 100 %. According to statistical analysis, there is a relationship between the choice of transplant type and the multilayer technique (p <0.05). The use of lumbar drainage did not affect the recurrence of cerebrospinal fluid leak in the postoperative period (p >0.05).Conclusion. Endoscopic skull base reconstruction can be effectively used for defects of the skull base >1.5 cm. When choosing the technique of reconstruction of large defects of the skull base, preference should be given to multilayer plastic using vascularized flaps. The use of lumbar drainage for reconstruction of large defects is a justified method in the case of a clear definition of indications for its use, based on a comparison of the possible benefits and risks associated with the invasiveness of the method.
SELF-ASSESSMENT REPORTS FOR ACADEMIC PROGRESS: EVIDENCE FROM BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FACULTIES OF HEIs IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY
Authors: Shaikh Sadia , Jariko Mushtaque Ali , Sultan Muhammad Faisal , Qureshi Muhammad Asif , Mushtaque Tania Memon 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the study: Quality Enhancement Cells (QECs) are prudent and play a dynamic role in the advancement of quality in higher education. This study examined the role and significance of QEC's in HEIs in an emerging economy like Pakistan.
Methodology: This study is conducted on the perceived benefits of Self-Assessment Reports (SARs) to have an initial guideline for further investigation on the role of QECs. The research model for this study has been formulated from the outcomes of SARs devised in a previous similar study. The model was evaluated through quantitative analysis using SmartPLS, determining SARs benefits associated with academia and students.
Main Findings: The empirical findings indicated that faculty perception regarding SARs and their benefits are positive and the relationship between the assessed variables is significant.
Applications of this study: The study findings will benefit the policymakers in HEIs to induct SARs as an organizational development tool.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is novel in its nature as limited research work regarding SAR and QEC evaluation in Pakistan has hindered the research-related activities and strategic planning in this area.
CULTURAL EROSION AND CULTURAL MEMORY IN TAUFIQ RAFAT’S ARRIVAL OF THE MONSOON
Authors: Tabassum Farhana , Akram Nazia , Meo Hafsa Karamat 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the study: This study focuses on analyzing and locating the cultural images and the elements which present the idea of cultural erosion, and with the lens of cultural memory evokes the idea of identity, and nostalgia in Taufiq Rafat’s poetry.
Methodology: This research is qualitative in design. To explore the concepts of cultural memory and cultural erosion Purposive sampling is used for the selection of the poems. For analysis, textual and descriptive methods of analysis are used. Jan Assmann's (cultural theorist and archaeologist) theory of cultural memory serves as a theoretical framework for this study.
Main Findings: From the analysis, it is explored that Rafat’s poetry discerns the concepts of cultural erosion and cultural memory. In the majority of his poems, few dominant images are used repeatedly to strengthen the notion of memory and yearning for the past such as time (clock), the flow of time which is fleeting and nontransient. He not only laments on cultural erosion but also keeps his personal and social memories, traditions, ancient civilizations, rituals, and objects alive so that they could be transferred to the next generations to establish mnemonics.
Applications of the study: This research may be beneficial to those studying Anthropology, Culture Studies, History, South Asian Literature, and Sociology. Furthermore, the interpretation of major symbols and images related to the culture, and history which evoke cultural memory, and erosion will pave the way for the deconstruction of symbols in poetry.
The novelty of the study: Rafat’s poetry is enriched with natural and romantic images, the depiction of beauty and culture about which many studies are available. The significance of this study lies in the fact that the concept of cultural memory from his poems has been evoked and analyzed.
Using Peer Tutoring To Enhance Pre-Service Teachers Performance In Physics.
Authors: Osei-Himah Valentina 
Published: May 2021

The study used peer tutoring to teach pre-service teachers to improve their performance in physics at Atebubu College of Education in Ghana. To achieve the purpose of the study an action research design was used. A total number of 140 were purposively selected. Quantitative data was collected from pre-service teachers using achievement test and questionnaire as the main research instruments. Through the analysis of the quantitative data using percentages, means, standard deviation, it was found that the pre-service teachers’ performance in physics was enhanced as a result of the peer tutoring method adopted for the study. It was recommended that, Science tutors at the Colleges of Education are encouraged to adapt to the teaching and learning of scientific concepts through peer tutoring means as the findings of the study has shown that peer tutoring teaching and learning of physics help reduce students’ forgetfulness and recitation of scientific concepts.
In The Mid of Closure Lies Opportunity: Live Experiences of the Tourism Displaced Workers
Authors: A. Mijares Leigh Anne , G. Rodriguez Darryl 
Published: May 2021

Boracay Island, Philippines is known for being a world’s beach destination. However, rapid infrastructures development and wanton disregard to the physical environment eventually lead to a six-month temporary closure of the Island for rehabilitation purposes based on Presidential Proclamation No. 475. As a consequence, emergence of displaced workers in the Island occurred. In this paper, the researchers aimed to know the perceptions of the displaced workers in terms of their stances, feelings and opportunities relative to the issue. The researchers used Phenomenological study, a qualitative research, to deeply know the lived experiences of the displaced tourism workers in Boracay. Key informants were selected through purposive sampling. This study evinced that the displaced workers carry on their indomitable spirits of survival. Hence, the displaced workers were amenable of the closure of the Island for the preservation for the next generation. Moreover, they established business in their respective places, while others are looking for new opportunities. Nevertheless, they still have plans to go back to the Island because of innermost and better opportunities that await them. It is strongly recommended that all stakeholders must strictly enforce environmental laws owing to the fact that the main attraction of Boracay is their pristine nature; without it, everything about Boracay goes nil.
Prise en charge anesthésiologique des abdomens aigus chirurgicaux chez l’adulte au département d’anesthésie réanimation et de médecine d’urgence du CHU Gabriel Toure.
Authors: ALMEIMOUNE Abdoulhamidou , Madane Thierno Diop , Moustapha MANGANE , Seidou Alaji DÉMBELE , Mahamadoun COULIBALY , Youssouf SOGOBA , Chiad mahamadoun CISSE Abdoulaye , KOITA Siriman , SANGARE Harouna , Yattara Sidy , KOITA Siriman , TRAORE Aliou , André KASSOGUE , Boubacar DIALLO , Bah Amadou , Konaté Madiassa , B. Sidibe Yoro , Djibo Mahamane DIANGO 
Published: May 2021

The anesthesiological management of acute surgical abdomens remains a delicate exercise for anesthesiologists and resuscitators, given the major volume disturbances, the delay in diagnosis with its corollary of septic shock, and the dysfunction of the emergency departments with which they are confronted. The objectives of this work were to study clinical and anesthesiological aspects, as well as intraoperative morbidity and mortality related to acute surgical abdomens. We conducted a prospective 12-month study. In this study was included Any patient received in the emergency room of the C.H.U Gabriel Touré in whom the diagnosis of acute surgical abdomen had been retained on the basis of clinical and paraclinical signs who agreed to participate. Results: During our study period, acute surgical abdomens represented 631/1335 cases of all emergency surgeries. Fifty-six of them were referred to intensive care immediately after surgery. Peritonitis represented 376 cases (61%) followed by intestinal obstruction (135/631), appendicitis (76/631) and hemoperitoins (33/631). The clinical presentation on admission was dominated by signs of hypovolemic and infectious delay. The average hemoglobin level was 12.03g / dl. Renal impairment (clearance <50 ml / ml) was detected in 50 patients. The mean operating time was 134.32 min regardless of the diagnosis. In the intensive care group, the reason for admission was dominated by states of shock 24 out of 56 cases (i.e. 42.9%), delayed awakening 5/56 cases, bronchial inhalation 4/56, cardio circulatory arrest 2/56 . In this group 14 patients received artificial ventilation ≥12h. Vasoactive support coupled with macromolecular filling was required in 17/56 cases. Eleven patients were reoperated x 25 during their stay in intensive care. The major postoperative complications were septic shock in 11 cases, hemorrhagic shock in 6 cases and 1 cardiogenic shock. The overall mortality from acute surgical abdomens was 2.24% patients (30 patients). Conclusion: The management of abdominal surgical emergencies must be multidisciplinary in order to further reduce the morbidity and mortality rate which remains significant today.
Keywords: Anesthesia, perioperative, abdominal surgical emergency, Gabriel Touré University Hospital
Lung cancer - statistical analysis data from 2016 to 2019 in Shtip, Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Zhu Jihe , Arsovska Blagica , Kozovska Kristina 
Published: May 2021

According to the data of the World Health Organization, globally, in 2018, 18 million new cases of cancer were registered, of which 2.09 million (11.6%) were diagnosed with lung cancer and 9.6 million deaths, of which 1.76 million (18.4) are in lung cancer. The overall standardized incidence rate by age is 25% higher in men than in women. Statistical data taken from the Center for public health – Shtip, shows that lung cancer is more common in men and more common in people aged 55-65, while in women there is no dominance of a certain age group. The total number of newly registered cases of lung cancer in Stip for 2016 is a total of 25. In 2017 the total number is 35 of which 30 of the patients are men, most of them are aged 55 to 65 years. In 2018 the total number is 22. The total number of newly registered cases of lung cancer in Shtip for 2019 is 7 of which are all registered in men, most are aged 45 to 54 and 65 to 75 years. Due to the frequency of this type of cancer, it is important to raise the awareness in people to prevent or detect the disease early, which improves the chances for a better prognosis and a better outcome of treatment.
Communication Conflictuelle De Fin De Regne En RDC.
Authors: Mukwege Buhendwa Vincent 
Published: May 2021

La transition politique survenue en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), en janvier 2019, fut le résultat- inespéré- de nombreux affrontements. Dans cette bataille rangée, quatre types de belligérants, armés jusqu’aux dents, repartis en « variables », étaient déterminés à marquer, de leurs empreintes, ce tournant politique, unique en son genre. D’une part, les « Variables Internes Favorables au Glissement » ont été appuyées, de l’extérieur, par les « Variables Externes Favorables au Glissement ». D’autre part, ce duo du statu quo se frottait constamment à la résistance farouche des « Variables Internes Défavorables au Glissement», appuyées, de l’extérieur, par les « Variables Externes Défavorables au Glissement ». Les résultats de cette étude retracent un essai de chronique de ces affrontements où les locuteurs/acteurs ont joint l’acte à la parole, de la fermeture de la Maison Schengen de Kinshasa à l’investiture de Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo (Fatshi), dit « élu Président » de la République. Le point d’orgue de ces affrontements marque plutôt le dénouement d’une conflictualité qui aurait pu dégénérer en une crise post-électorale aux dimensions incommensurables, mais qui plutôt, par un tour de manœuvre, a privilégié une vérité socialement (re)construite, au regard des réalités et impératifs du moment, par ailleurs inhérents à la realpolitik.