bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeling Valued and Adding Value: A Participatory Action Research Project on Co-creating Practices of Social Inclusion in Kindergartens and Communities
Authors: Heimburg Dina von , Langås Susanne Vollan , Ytterhus Borgunn 
Published: April 2021

Background:Contemporary public health problems connect to the social determinants of health, with a growing recognition of social inclusion as imperative to sustainable development. In this quest for social inclusion, early childhood and families are of particular interest. Although co-creation is suggested as viable path to support well-being, less is known how social inclusion might be co-created in practice. The aim of this study was to explore how Participatory Action Research (PAR) can be a tool for transformative practices in a local community, pointing to kindergartens as meeting places for recognizing social inclusion as a common value in early childhood.Methods:A qualitative PAR study was embedded in a Norwegian municipality as an integrated part of their local public health work. The study involved a wide range of participants and stakeholders in three kindergartens and the wider community. Together, we explored potentials for co-creating social inclusion to achieve well-being through cycles of transformative actions and reflections. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to generate patterns and themes in the data.Results:The participants formulated and took on ownership to an inclusive agenda through the PAR-process. Acts of inclusion was framed by an intersection between political aims of achieving health and well-being for all and public value co-creation unfolding at the level of the place, in the context of the Norwegian welfare regime. To feel valued and adding value was seen as important aspects for social inclusion. Four themes were generated from analysis; (1) Co-creating a shared vision of inclusive communities, (2) Becoming aware and empowered through caring, sharing and collaboration, (3) Places and spaces of inclusiveness in kindergartens and beyond, and (4) Valuing and practicing inclusion, and signs of transformative change.Conclusions:Through the PAR process, parents, kindergartens employees, community members and policy makers appear to have opened a creative toolbox for inclusive and transformational change through formulating and co-creating inclusion and well-being as public values. The results suggest that local actors might support adaptive social systems to taking on relational responsibility for inclusive processes and outcomes in the pursuit of well-being for all.
The Impacts of Flattening Fiscal Reform on Health Expenditure in China
Authors: Hao Jun , Tang Chengxiang , Zhu Junli , Jiang Jiayi 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:A number of provinces have implemented a fiscal reform of flattening government since the first decade of this century in China. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the influences of this government fiscal reform on county-level health expenditure. We also bring forward policy suggestions for improving county-level fiscal system and healthcare delivery.Methods:We collected a novel longitudinal county-level data from 2003 to 2010, including counties' socioeconomic data, fiscal revenue, and health expenditure. Jilin Province, Hebei Province, and Anhui Province were selected as representative samples for this policy evaluation. The study employed a time-varying difference-in-difference model specification to investigate the impacts of flattening fiscal reform on health expenditure.Results:The analyses find that the fiscal system reforms of the three provinces have a significantly positive impact on the health expenditure of county-level governments. However, we find no policy effects on the proportion of health expenditure to fiscal expenditure of county-level governments. The estimation results are robust after controlling several background variables.Conclusion:The results yield important policy insights that public finance and its reform significantly impacts health expenditures in China. The government may still need to strengthen the transfer payment system to guarantee the social welfare provision in healthcare.
Hemodynamic parameters and vessel tortuosity: an investigation with a mesenterial vascular network
Authors: Annunziata Roberto , Reglin Bettina , Pries Axel , Trucco Emanuele 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The effect of hemodynamic parameters on vessel tortuosity remains un-clear. Here we investigate the correlation of tortuosity with a set of hemodynamicparameters in a mesenterial vascular network.Methods: A mesenterial vascular network of 389 vessels (131 arteries, 132 veins, and 126 capillaries) was imaged. Eleven hemodynamic parameters were measured (pressure, wall shear stress, diameter, blood velocity and flow, viscosity, haematocrit, partial oxygen saturation, oxygen saturation, wall thickness, and local vessel density). Tortuosity was assessed quantitatively with a validated algorithm and correlation computed with subsets of hemodynamic parameters selected by a lasso regressor.Results: Results suggest that tortuosity is related to pressure, wall shear stress, diameter, blood velocity, viscosity, partial but not full oxygen saturation, and wall thickness for the arteries; diameter, blood flow, hematocrit, and density for the veins; and viscosity (but not hematocrit), partial and full oxygen saturation, and density for the capillaries. The combination of hemodynamic parameters correlating best with tortuosity is the set of all parameters except density (r = 0.64, p < 0.01), using as tortuosity definition the set of tortuosity features (geometric measures) correlating best with a single hemodynamic factor for the arteries.Conclusion: This pilot suggests two general conclusions. First, the quantitative definition of tortuosity (i.e., the set of geometric features adopted) should be tuned to the specific data and problem considered. Second, tortuosity is caused by a combination of hemodynamic factors, not a single one.
Influence of benzalkonium chloride on tear film lipid layer stability: a molecular level view by employing in silico modeling
Authors: Riedlova Kamila , Melcrova Adela , Olzynska Agnieszka , Daull Philippe , Garrigue Jean-Sebastien , Cwiklik Lukasz 
Published: April 2021

Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is a mixture of aliphatic C12 and C14 quaternary ammoniums. These molecules are traditionally used to preserve eye drops because of their bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties. The compounds of BAK have an amphiphilic character, hence it can be assumed that on the ocular surface they can interact and alter the properties of the tear film lipid layer (TFLL). Indeed, BAK was demonstrated to decrease the breakup time in patients, which is a hallmark of TFLL destabilization. The amphiphilic and water-soluble C12 and C14 BAK molecules are expected to act predominantly at the aqueous-lipid interface that, as we have demonstrated earlier, is populated mostly by polar lipids.7,8 Notably, these BAK species are short-chain analogues of cetalkonium chloride (CKC) that, as we have shown previously, interact with the TFLL model, improving its stability. We hypothesize that by influencing polar lipids, BAK (C12 and C14) can alter the details of molecular-level interactions between individual species of TFLL and indirectly influence the macroscopic behavior of the film, in particular its organization and stability.
A socioeconomic evaluation of early-stage and moderate glaucoma patients
Authors: Lindžiūtė Miglė , Janulevičienė Ingrida 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare costs related to glaucoma treatment for early- and moderate-stage glaucoma patients.
Design: Descriptive observational study.
Methods: The study was conducted at the Eye Clinic in the Hospital of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos in Lithuania. An original questionnaire was administered to 80 open-angle glaucoma patients. Data regarding the age, gender, living area, occupation, income, concomitant diseases, frequency of outpatient visits, use of topical antiglaucoma and other medications, treatment and transportation costs were collected. The Hodapp classification was used to divide patients into two main groups of early- and moderate-stage glaucoma according to visual field loss. Results with p < 0.05 were interpreted as statically significant.
Results: There were 37 patients with early-stage glaucoma and 43 patients with moderate glaucoma. Moderate-stage glaucoma patients were 73 (± 8) years old, while patients with early-stage glaucoma were 63 (± 11) years old, (p < 0.001). Early-stage glaucoma patients visited their ophthalmologist 2.5 (± 1.5) times per year, while patients with moderate glaucoma had 4.4 (± 2.7) outpatient visits per year (p < 0.001). Patients with early-stage glaucoma used 1.8 (± 0.9) medications, while patients with moderate glaucoma used 2.9 (± 0.9) medications (p < 0.001). Combined costs for treatment and transportation totaled an average of 4.7% of patient income. Patients that were in the early stages of glaucoma spent about 3.2% of their annual income for glaucoma care and transportation, while patients with moderate-stage glaucoma spent about 5.9% of their income (p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Moderate-stage glaucoma patients had significantly higher expenses related to glaucoma than early-stage glaucoma patients. Costs related to glaucoma comprised a significantly greater part of the income of patients who were retired than patients who were employed.
On the recovery of the stress-free configuration of the human cornea
Authors: Pandolfi Anna , Montanino Andrea 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The geometries used to conduct numerical simulations of the biomechanics of the human cornea are reconstructed from images of the physiological configuration of the system, which is not in a stress-free state because of the interaction with the surrounding tissues. If the goal of the simulation is a realistic estimation of the mechanical engagement of the system, it is mandatory to obtain a stress-free configuration to which the external actions can be applied.
Methods: Starting from a unique physiological image, the search of the stress-free configuration must be based on methods of inverse analysis. Inverse analysis assumes the knowledge of one or more geometrical configurations and, chosen a material model, obtains the optimal values of the material parameters that provide the numerical configurations closest to the physiological images. Given the multiplicity of available material models, the solution is not unique.
Results: Three exemplary material models are used in this study to demonstrate that the obtained, non-unique, stress-free configuration is indeed strongly dependent on both material model and on material parameters.
Conclusion: The likeliness of recovering the actual stress-free configuration of the human cornea can be improved by using and comparing two or more imaged configurations of the same cornea.
STUDIES ON CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE MEKONG DELTA REGION OF VIET NAM FROM 1975 TO PRESENT ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Pham Khanh Tiet 
Published: April 2021

Using the research method of overview, this article presents an overview of studies on culture in the sustainable development in the Mekong Delta region of Viet Nam from 1975 to present. Research results show that the works in Viet Nam from 1975 to present mainly emphasize on ecological, economic, political and social issues; however, the issue of culture in the Mekong Delta sustainable development has not been paid much attention to in-depth research, so there has not been a separate project to systematically assess the current situation of cultural impacts of the Mekong Delta, as well as ideas and solutions to improve the effectiveness of the positive impact of culture in sustainable development in the Mekong Delta region. On the basis of identifying the achieved achievements, the article proposes research prospects in terms of theory and practice of cultural issues in sustainable development in the Mekong Delta region.
Optimasi Substitusi Saus Tomat dengan Ekstrak Buah Semu Jambu Monyet pada Formulasi Bumbu Marinasi Steak
Authors: Susanti Siti , Bintoro Valentinus Priyo , Hintono Antonius , Zuniati Neti , Arifan Fahmi 
Published: April 2021

Ekstrak buah semu jambu monyet (EBSJM) sebagai bumbu marinasi menjadi salah satu aplikasi pemanfaatan jambu monyet di bidang pangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan level optimum EBSJM sebagai pensubstitusi saus tomat dalam formula bumbu marinasi ditinjau dari karakteristik fisikomikia dan hedoniknya. Empat level konsentrasi EBSJM dengan lima kali perulangan (0, 5, 10, dan 15%) dari proporsi saus tomat (v/v) ditetapkan dalam formula bumbu marinasi untuk menu steak. Produk bumbu steak untuk masing-masing formula selanjutnya dikarakterisasi fisikokimianya. Uji hedonik dilakukan dengan mengaplikasikan bumbu pada daging ayam yang diolah sebagai steak. Substitusi EBSJM pada saus tomat mempengaruhi karakteristik fisikokimia (viskositas, pH, kadar air, dan total padatan) bumbu marinasi dan karakteristik hedonik (rasa dan tekstur) pada steak sebagai hasil aplikasi dari bumbu tersebut. Viskositas dan total padatan makin meningkat sedangkan kadar air makin menurun pada substitusi lebih dari 5% (p<0,05). Penurunan pH bumbu makin bertambah seiring dengan penambahan substitusi hingga 10% (p<0,05). Uji hedonik menunjukkan substitusi 5% menghasilkan steak ayam yang paling disukai dari segi tekstur dan rasa (p<0,05). Substitusi saos tomat dengan EBSJM 5% menghasilkan produk bumbu marinasi untuk steak yang kental, asam, pekat dan paling disukai. Kata kunci : Ekstrak; bumbu; jambu monyet; marinasi Optimation on the Substitution of Tomato Sauce with Cashew Apple Extract in Formulation of Steak Marinade Seasoning ABSTRACTExtracts of cashew apple (EBSJM) as marinade seasoning is one of the applications of cashew apple utilization in the food sector. Study was aimed to determine the optimum level of EBSJM as a substitute for sauce in the marination seasoning formula reviewed from its physical and hedonic characteristics. Four levels of EBSJM concentration with five iterations (0, 5, 10, and 15%) of the sauce proportion (v/v) was defined in the marinade seasoning for steak. Steak seasoning products for each formula were further characterised by physicalochemistry. EBSJM substitution to tomato sauce affected the viscosity, pH, moisture content, and total solids of marinade seasoning and hedonic characteristics (taste and texture) in the steak as a result of the application of the seasoning. Viscosity and total solids increased while water levels decreased at substitutions by more than 5% (p<0.05). The decrease in seasoning pH increased in line with the addition of substitutions up to 10% (p<0.05). Hedonic tests showed a 5% substitution resulting in the most preferred chicken steak in terms of texture and taste (p<0.05). The substitution of tomato sauce with EBSJM 5% obtained the marinade products for steaks that were dense, sour, concentrated, and most preferred. Keywords: Cashew apple; extracts; margination; seasonings
Maintenance Costs and Advanced Maintenance Techniques: Survey and Analysis
Authors: Thomas Douglas S , Weiss Brian 
Published: April 2021

The costs/benefits associated with investing in advanced maintenance techniques is not well understood. Using data collected from manufacturers, we estimate the national losses due to inadequate maintenance and make comparisons between those that rely on reactive maintenance, preventive maintenance, and predictive maintenance. The total annual costs/losses associated with maintenance is estimated to be on average $222.0 billion, as estimated using Monte Carlo analysis. Respondents were categorized into three groups and compared. The first group is the top 50 % of respondents that rely on reactive maintenance, measured in expenditures. The remaining respondents were split in half based on their reliance on predictive maintenance. The top 50 % of respondents in using reactive maintenance, measured in expenditures, compared to the other respondents suggests that there are substantial benefits of moving away from reactive maintenance toward preventive and/or predictive maintenance. The bottom 50 %, which relies more heavily on predictive and preventive maintenance, had 52.7 % less unplanned downtime and 78.5 % less defects. The comparison between the smaller two groups, which rely more heavily on preventive and predictive maintenance, shows that there is 18.5 % less unplanned downtime and 87.3 % less defects for those that rely more on predictive than preventive.
Aprendiendo educación económica y financiera como habilidad básica en la sociedad moderna en enseñanza remota
Authors: Valbuena-Duarte Sonia , Heras Rambal Mónica del Amparo 
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo socializa una investigación cuyo objetivo busca fomentar una competencia básica necesaria en la sociedad moderna, como lo es la educación económica y financiera, promoviendo además la argumentación y la resolución de problemas en temas de economía y finanzas con niños de ocho años de edad en promedio. La investigación con un enfoque cualitativo y diseño de investigación acción, se recolectó información a través de observación participante, cuestionarios y análisis de datos aplicados a niños de tercer grado de escolaridad perteneciente a una institución de carácter oficial de un municipio del norte colombiano. A partir de los análisis realizados se diseña e implementa una estrategia basada en un recurso tecnológico de uso libre. Los resultados revelan que los estudiantes se enfrentan y resuelven los problemas relativos con la educación económica y financiera de forma más segura y organizada y con mejores resultados cuando desarrollan una estrategia de resolución, lo cual impacta también su nivel argumentativo mostrando evolución y mayor apropiación de contenidos en relación con la educación económica y financiera. Al ponderar los niveles argumentativos se logran mayor desarrollo en competencias para comprender, decidir de manera razonada y responsable, administrar eficientemente los recursos y planear las metas a corto y largo plazo. Concluyendo que la educación económica y financiera puede empezarse a temprana edad en las instituciones educativas obteniéndose resultados favorables para la formación de ese futuro ciudadano de la sociedad moderna.
Una vivencia escolar para la construcción de ciudadanía, derecho al buen trato ya la integridad personal
Authors: Muñoz Muñoz Cristian Fernan 
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las situaciones cotidianas que son percibidas por los estudiantes del grado primero como vulneradoras de los Derechos Humanos (DH) de una Institución Educativa Pública, facilitandosu restitución através de una propuesta didáctica. Para tal fin, el problema es abordado desde la teórica educativa para la ciudadanía y la democraciadonde se resalta la importancia de la formación ciudadana para la transformación del actuar en sociedad.El diseño metodológico se fundamenta en la investigación acción educativa con procesos de reflexión acción reflexión, hasta construir un caso semireal, donde se prioriza las situacionesque percibe el grupo. Se abordó desde la observación participante y la producción de los estudiantes. Como resultado se identificó el derecho a la integridad y el buentrato como los más vulnerados.A partir de este derecho se elaboró una propuesta didáctica para promover sureconocimiento y restitución, a través de la estrategia pedagógica de estudio decaso, en las áreas de ciencias sociales y competenciasciudadanas.Los principales agentesvulneradores son las familias, los compañeros en la escuela y vecindario y en algunos casos auto vulneración.El mayor logro con el trabajo didáctico es el autorreconocimiento de los niños como sujetos de derechos, y las expresiones cotidianas deconvivencia como el autorespeto, el respeto a la diferencia, la valoración de símismos y de los demás.
Anggara Kasih : Hujan dalam Serat Pawarsakan dan Mitos yang Melekat di Masyarakat
Authors: Dhea Andini Agni , Utami Respati Retno 
Published: April 2021

Penanggalan Jawa merupakan salah satu wujud kebudayaan masyarakat lampau yang sudah sepatutnya untuk diketahui. Penanggalan tersebut tertulis dalam karya sastra lama yang berupa naskah dan dinilai sangat luhur. Salah satu contoh naskah yang berisi penanggalan Jawa adalah Serat Pawarsakan karya R. Ng. Ranggawarsita. Dalam naskah tersebut terdapat penanggalan Jawa mengenai hujan yang didasarkan pada hari Anggara Kasih. Namun sayangnya penanggalan Jawa terkait hujan ini tidak banyak diketahui oleh masyarakat Jawa, terlebih para pemuda generasi milenial. Padahal dengan hari Anggara Kasih tersebut dapat mengungkap berbagai hal di sekeliling yang berkaitan dengan alam. Hal tersebut antara lain adalah bencana banjir dan penyakit yang banyak diderita oleh masyarakat beserta obatnya. Di luar naskah Anggara Kasih memiliki mitos yang cukup kental dan dipercaya oleh masyarakat tertentu, utamanya berkaitan dengan turunnya hujan. Dengan demikian penelitian ini dilakukan untuk: (1) Mengetahui hujan berdasarkan hari Anggara Kasih dalam Serat Pawarsakan, dan (2) Mengetahui mitos hari Anggara Kasih bagi masyarakat Jawa. Dengan objek penelitian berupa naskah maka penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan menggunakan teori serta pendekatan filologi untuk mengungkap hujan di dalam Serat Pawarsakan. Sedangkan untuk mengungkap mitos digunakan pendekatan antropologi. Dalam ranah filologi Serat Pawarsakan dideskripsikan, ditransliterasi, diterjemahkan, dan selanjutnya disunting. Data dalam naskah berupa teks yang berkaitan dengan tujuan penelitian dicatat dan selanjutnya dianalisis. Kemudian mengenai mitos hari Anggara Kasih akan dikaji dengan cara studi pustaka di luar naskah dan dilengkapi dengan wawancara. Hal ini untuk mengungkap makna yang tersimpan pada hari Anggara Kasih dalam perspektif orang Jawa. Data yang didapatkan adalah hari Anggara Kasih pada setiap bulannya memiliki makna tersendiri sebagai penanda musim. Adapun tanda tersebut adalah berupa datangnya musim kemarau atau penghujan, puncak musim penghujan, maupun pergantian musim. Hal ini selaras dengan mitos yang berkembang di masyarakat.
Der Refugee District in Belgrad
Authors: Seichter Cosima Zita , Neßler Miriam , Knopf Paul 
Published: April 2021

Durch internationale Fluchtbewegungen über die sogenannte Balkanroute bildete sich in Serbiens Hauptstadt Belgrad in den letzten Jahren ein sogenannter Refugee District heraus. Im Kontext von Migration und Flucht werden dabei zahlreiche Spannungsfelder auf unterschiedlichen räumlichen und politischen Ebenen sichtbar. Für Flüchtende kreieren diese eine Situation, die von Stillstand, Ausweglosigkeit, Kontrolle, Gefahr und Verdrängung geprägt ist. Allerdings führen die Vielschichtigkeit und die Diversität unterschiedlicher Akteur*innen, die bezüglich der Situation von Flüchtenden auf der Balkanroute wirkmächtig sind, auch zu Nischen, Widerständigkeiten und der Möglichkeit (neuer) Allianzen. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine kollektive Praktik der Nicht-Bewegung im Widerstand gegen die Unterdrückung und für globale Bewegungsfreiheit.