bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unified model for the prediction of consecutivesolid–liquidfiltration and expression at the constant pressure
Authors: Vorobiev Eugene 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUnified nonlinear model is proposed for the prediction of consecutive solid–liquid filtration and expression at the constant pressure. This model is based on the Darcy–Terzaghi filtration‐consolidation equations modified to consider power‐law pressure dependence of the specific cake resistance, and transforming Darcy law to the linear form. The model considers nonuniform structure of compressible filter cakes obtained by filtration and following expression. The profiles of local compressive pressure and local cake characteristics are simulated and compared for different moderately and highly compressible filter cakes (H.K. kaolin, CaCO3, silica, activated sludge) based on the analytical and numerical solutions of the model. It is shown that the behavior of solid–liquid expression depends from the initial structure of compressed materials. Consolidation ratioUof the filter cakes with initially nonuniform structure formed by filtration differs from that of semi‐solid materials with initially uniform structure. Different methods of determination of consolidation coefficient are analyzed and compared for nonuniformly structured filter cakes.
The association between mosaicism type and cognitive and behavioral functioning among males with fragile X syndrome
Authors: Meng Lu , Kaufmann Walter E. , Frye Richard E. , Ong Katherine , Kaminski Jennifer W. , Velinov Milen , Berry‐Kravis Elizabeth 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMosaicism in fragile X syndrome (FXS) refers to two different FMR1 allele variations: size mosaicism represents different numbers of CGG repeats between the two alleles, such that in addition to a full mutation allele there is an allele in the normal or premutation range of CGG repeats, while methylation mosaicism indicates whether a full‐mutation allele is fully or partially methylated. The present study explored the association between mosaicism type and cognitive and behavioral functioning in a large sample of males 3 years and older (n = 487) with FXS, participating in the Fragile X Online Registry with Accessible Research Database. Participants with methylation mosaicism were less severely cognitively affected as indicated by a less severe intellectual disability rating, higher intelligence quotient and adaptive behavior score, and lower social impairment score. In contrast, the presence of size mosaicism was not significantly associated with better cognitive and behavioral outcomes than full mutation. Our findings suggest that methylation mosaicism is associated with better cognitive functioning and adaptive behavior and less social impairment. Further research could assess to what extent these cognitive and behavioral differences depend on molecular diagnostic methods and the impact of mosaicism on prognosis of individuals with FXS.
A Universal Boronate‐Affinity Crosslinking‐Amplified Dynamic Light Scattering Immunoassay for Point‐of‐Care Glycoprotein Detection
Authors: Chen Jing , Hao Liangwen , Hu Jiaqi , Zhu Kang , Li Yu , Xiong Sicheng , Huang Xiaolin , Xiong Yonghua , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a universal boronate‐affinity crosslinking‐amplified dynamic light scattering (DLS) immunoassay for point‐of‐care (POC) glycoprotein detection in complex samples. This enhanced DLS immunoassay consists of two elements, i.e., antibody‐coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNP@mAb) for target capture and DLS signal transduction, and phenylboronic acid‐based boronate‐affinity materials as crosslinking amplifiers. Upon the addition of targets, glycoproteins are first captured by MNP@mAb and amplified by target‐induced crosslinking stemming from the selective binding between the boronic acid ligand and cis‐diol‐containing glycoprotein, thereby resulting in a remarkably increased DLS signal in the average nanoparticle size. Benefiting from the multivalent binding and fast boronate‐affinity reaction between glycoproteins and crosslinkers, the proposed immunosensing strategy has achieved the ultrasensitive and rapid quantitative assay of glycoproteins at the fM level within 15 min. Overall, this work provides a promising and versatile design strategy for extending the DLS technique to detect glycoproteins even in the field or at POC.
Effect of UV light polymerization time on the properties of plastic crystal composite polyacrylate polymer electrolyte for all solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Shujian , Lu Yang , He Kewu , Meng Xianghui , Que Lanfang , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo solve the issues of low ionic conductivity, poor interfacial stability, and weak mechanical strength in the current polymer electrolytes, herein, the UV curing method is proposed to in‐situ polymerize the plastic crystal composite solid polymer electrolyte (S‐PCCE). By using ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) as polymerization monomer, in conjunction with the butadiene nitrile and other additives, the S‐PCCE is prepared under ultraviolet light. The S‐PCCE shows improved ionic conductivity than other solid electrolyte materials. The ionic conductivity at room temperature can reach 0.98 × 10−3 S/cm, and it can reach 2.8 × 10−3 S/cm at 55°C, which is beneficial to achieve high battery performance. The LiFePO4/S‐PCCE/Li battery has a high initial discharge specific capacity of 150.4 mAh/g at 0.2C, and the highest discharge specific capacity can reach 162.5 mAh/g. Moreover, after 100 cycles, the battery can still maintain a high discharge specific capacity of 154.2 mAh/g, with a Coulomb efficiency of 98.4%. At the same time, the electrolyte has excellent high‐temperature adaptability, and can still work stably at 55°C with improved ionic conductivity. The superior performance of this material indicates that the plastic crystal composite polyacrylate solid electrolyte based on UV curing method can be used to prepare a high‐performance lithium‐ion battery, and this technology can also be compatible with existing lithium‐ion battery equipment.
New Highly Stable Ionic Compounds Composed of Multivalent Graphene Quantum Dot Anions and Alkali Metal Cations
Authors: Chul Lim Hong , Kim Min‐Cheol , Kim Ayoung , Park Eunji , Park Yunjae , Chang Rakwoo , Hong Jong‐In , Park Kyung‐Won , Shin Ik‐Soo , Kim Hansu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDeveloping electrolytes with new chemical structures that simultaneously satisfy excellent ionic conductivity, chemical stability, and thermal stability is an indispensable prerequisite for studying next‐generation electrochemical. Herein, we propose a new class of ionic compounds consisting of graphene quantum dots (GQD) polyanions with alkali metal cations. The synthesized solid salts readily dissolve in various solvents ranging from water to carbonates allowing highly conductive liquid electrolytes for electrochemical systems. Molecular dynamics simulation with the electrochemical characterization reveals that the ionic compounds provide highly abundant free metal cations with highly stable GQD polyanions, and negligible ion pairs in solution. The lithium salt (Li‐GQD) shows higher lithium transference number than the conventional LiPF6 electrolyte, which improves the interfacial stability of Li metals and leads to a decrease in overvoltage at a high C‐rate in battery performance. The Li‐GQD electrolyte solution offers a wide electrochemical window of −0.2−5 V, which can reliably apply to various electrode materials (graphite, Li4Ti5O12, and LiCoO2). Prussian blue thin film utilizing K‐GQD as electrolyte shows significantly improved electrochromic behaviour and higher K+ cation mobility than other controls using conventional electrolytes. We expect our study on the GQD ionic complex to be another signpost for exploring an innovative electrolyte for electrochemical devices.
Ginger and its constituents: Role in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Lashgari Naser‐Aldin , Momeni Roudsari Nazanin , Khayatan Danial , Shayan Maryam , Momtaz Saeideh , Roufogalis Basil D. , Abdolghaffari Amir Hossein , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), with obscure etiology, are rising and are of worldwide concern. Of the various components of IBD pathogenesis and progression, irritation appears to play a major part. Investigations on the molecular and cellular pathways that activate the IBD provide the focus for the development of useful therapies. Ginger (the rhizome ofZingiber officinale) has a broad spectrum of clinical applications due to its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative functions. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the key pathogenic factors in many diseases, including IBD. The most established components of ginger are phenolic compounds called gingerols. A wide range of pharmacological activities of the potential therapeutic benefit ofZ. officinalehave been detailed. In this regard, the anti‐inflammatory activity of ginger has been documented by many researchers. It was shown that ginger is a potent inhibitor of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB), signal transducer of activators of transcription (STATs), Nod‐like receptor family proteins (NLRPs), toll‐like receptors (TLRs), mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPKs), and mTOR (mTOR) pathways, as well as inhibiting various pro‐inflammatory cytokines. In the present report, the potential application of ginger in the management of IBD is reviewed in detail, with an emphasis on the relevant properties of ginger and its bioactive components. The significance of the functions, side effects, and delivery of ginger to the digestive system for particular application in IBD are also considered.
Selection of M2+‐Independent RNA‐Cleaving DNAzymes with Side‐Chains Mimicking Arginine and Lysine
Authors: Paul Somdeb , Wong Antonio A. W. L. , Liu Leo T. , Perrin David M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSequence‐specific cleavage of RNA by nucleic acid catalysts in the absence of a divalent metal cation (M2+) has remained an important goal in biomimicry with potential therapeutic applications. Given the lack of functional group diversity in canonical nucleotides, modified nucleotides with amino acid‐like side chains were used to enhance self‐cleavage rates at a single embedded ribonucleoside site. Previous works relied on three functional groups: an amine, a guanidine and an imidazole ensconced on three different nucleosides. However, to date, few studies have systematically addressed the necessity of all three modifications, as the value of any single modified nucleoside is contextualized at the outset of selection. Herein, we report on the use of only two modified dNTPs, excluding an imidazole, i. e. 5‐(3‐guanidinoallyl)‐2’‐dUTP (dUgaTP) and 5‐aminoallyl‐2′‐dCTP (dCaaTP), to select in‐vitro self‐cleaving DNAzymes that cleave in the absence of M2+ in a pH‐independent fashion. Cleavage shows biphasic kinetics with rate constants that are significantly higher than in unmodified DNAzymes and compare favorably to certain DNAzymes involving an imidazole.
Corpus callosum hematoma, as a rare complication of COVID‐19
Authors: Hamad Mohammad Khair , Takruri Dima Hamed , Patro Satya Narayana , Habib Mhd Baraa , Verma Vishwajit 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 46‐year‐old gentleman had a complicated course of COVID‐19 pneumonia. Despite the recovery of the respiratory status, he developed corpus callosum hematoma and critical illness neuropathy/myopathy. The clinical situation became more complicated by developing pulmonary embolism that required anticoagulation. Fortunately, the patient made a good recovery.
The limits of diagnosis of testicular torsion in the child: Medicolegal implications in clinical practice
Authors: Aquila Isabella , Abenavoli Ludovico , Sacco Matteo Antonio , Ricci Pietrantonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTesticular torsion is a pediatric urological emergency. We report a case of testicular torsion that occurred in a 10‐year‐old child. The case shows that it is a disease with risk of medicolegal litigation. We demonstrate the role of proper triage, and we analyze the limits and critical points for diagnosing it.
Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Modified V6O13 Nanostructure Hybrids with High Pseudo‐Capacitance Contribution as Cathode for High‐Rate Lithium Storage
Authors: Wu Meng , Zhu Kongjun , Yao Zhongran , Liang Penghua , Zhang Jie , Rao Yu , Zheng Hongjuan , Shi Feng , Yan Kang , Liu. Jinsong , Wang Jing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe ever‐presenting challenges of poor electrical conductivity, sluggish lithium‐ion transmission, and unstable structure block the applications of high‐energy V6O13 in practical lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, reduced graphene oxide‐modified V6O13 (V6O13@rGO) nanostructure hybrids with high electrical conductivity and stable structure were in‐situ manufactured using a facile hydrothermal route. The incorporation of rGO lamina into the V6O13 nanosheet could effectively optimize the structure of the nanocomposite, thereby remarkably improving its electron conductivity and structural stability. In parallel, the high pseudo‐capacitance contribution ratio of the hybrid showed fast Li+ storage behavior, resulting in admirable rate capability (194.2 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1). Furthermore, under a large current density of 2000 mA g−1, the hybrids exhibited a satisfying discharge capacity of 150.2 mAh g−1 and a superior capacity retention of 76.6 % after 250 cycles. The performances of V6O13@rGO are much better than those in pure phase. Evidently, the V6O13@rGO two‐dimensional nanosheet has a prospective value for next‐generation LIBs cathode materials with satisfying rate and cyclability.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission Leading to White Light Emission in Diphenylbenzofulvene Derivatives
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Clara B. , Peixoto Mariana , Gomes Carla , Pineiro Marta , Seixas de Melo J. Sérgio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe search for a unique molecular system able to efficiently emit in the total visible range of the electromagnetic spectra, i. e., white light emission (WLE), is a topic of intense research. We here show that aggregates formed by diphenylbenzofulvene (DPBF) derivatives are from two to four orders of magnitude more emissive than their monomers. From a simple strategy, involving structural modification of a DPBF propelled shape core, a close match with the pure white light emission coordinates is obtained with a combination of two derivatives in films, with featured solid‐state emission, without involvement of D−A groups or energy transfer processes.
Crystal Channel Engineering for Rapid Ion Transport: From Nature to Batteries
Authors: Mei Jun , Liao Ting , Sun Ziqi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIon transport behaviours through cell membranes are commonly identified in biological systems, which are crucial for sustaining life for organisms. Similarly, ion transport is significant for electrochemical ion storage in rechargeable batteries, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Rapid ion transport can be well achieved by crystal channels engineering, such as creating pores or tailoring interlayer spacing down to the nanometre or even sub‐nanometre scale. Furthermore, some functional channels, such as ion selective channels and stimulus‐responsive channels, are developed for smart ion storage applications. In this review, the typical ion transport phenomena in the biological systems, including ion channels and pumps, are first introduced, and then ion transport mechanisms in solid and liquid crystals are comprehensively reviewed, particularly for the widely studied porous inorganic/organic hybrid crystals and ultrathin inorganic materials. Subsequently, recent progress on the ion transport properties in electrodes and electrolytes is reviewed for rechargeable batteries. Finally, current challenges in the ion transport behaviours in rechargeable batteries are analysed and some potential research approaches, such as bioinspired ultrafast ion transport structures and membranes, are proposed for future studies. It is expected that this review can give a comprehensive understanding on the ion transport mechanisms within crystals and provide some novel design concepts on promoting electrochemical ion storage capability in rechargeable batteries.
Modulation of the Conformational Space of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA Quadruplex RG‐1 by Cellular Components and the Amyloidogenic Peptides α‐Synuclein and hIAPP
Authors: Mukherjee Sanjib K. , Knop Jim‐Marcel , Winter Roland 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGiven the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which particularly threatens older people with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and dementia, understanding the relationship between Covid‐19 and other diseases is an important factor for treatment. Possible targets for medical intervention include G‐quadruplexes (G4Qs) and their protein interaction partners. We investigated the stability and conformational space of the RG‐1 RNA‐G‐quadruplex of the SARS‐CoV‐2 N‐gene in the presence of salts, cosolutes, crowders and intrinsically disordered peptides, focusing on α‐Synuclein and the human islet amyloid polypeptide, which are involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) and type‐II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respectively. We found that the conformational dynamics of the RG‐1 G4Q is strongly affected by the various solution conditions. Further, the amyloidogenic peptides were found to strongly modulate the conformational equilibrium of the RG‐1. Considerable changes are observed with respect to their interaction with human telomeric G4Qs, which adopt different topologies. These results may therefore shed more light on the relationship between PD as well as T2DM and the SARS‐CoV‐2 disease and their molecular underpinnings. Since dysregulation of G4Q formation by rationally designed targeting compounds affects the control of cellular processes, this study should contribute to the development of specific ligands for intervention.
Highly Regioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrodeuteration of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes
Authors: Reyes Albert , Torres Emanuel Rivera , Vang Zoua Pa , Clark Joseph R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCatalytic transfer hydrodeuteration of unactivated alkenes is challenging because of the requirement that chemically similar hydrogen and deuterium undergo selective insertion across a π‐bond. We now report a highly regioselective catalytic transfer hydrodeuteration of unactivated terminal alkenes across a variety of heteroatom‐ or heterocycle‐containing substrates. The base‐metal‐catalyzed reaction is also demonstrated on two complex natural products. Reaction studies indicate modular conditions that can also be extended to perform either an alkene transfer hydrogenation or transfer deuteration.
On Inventing Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC): Forming C—C Bond from Two Different C—H Bonds
Authors: Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: December 2021

Comprehensive SummaryConstructing C—C bonds is central to the synthesis of all chemical products. While conventional C—C bond formation methods always require one or two functional groups, 20 years ago, our establishment of the concept of Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC), wherein C—C bonds are directly formed from two different C—H bonds via the “formal” removal of two H atoms, has revolutionized chemical synthesis and has become one of the most active research subjects in chemistry. This perspective article will provide an insight of the origin of this concept and its early development in our laboratory.
What are your favorite scientific discoveries from your lab?Over the past 30 years, we have made many discoveries. The most important ones are the developments of various Grignard‐type reactions in water which contradict textbook knowledge, the Aldehyde‐Alkyne‐Amine (A3) coupling, the Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling that forms C—C bond from two C—H bonds, and the umpolung of carbonyl as organometallic reagent surrogate that allows to carry out organometallic reactions without using stoichiometric organometallic reagents.Did you plan to be a chemist when you were young?Not really. I was planning to be an artist when I was young but really felt deep affection for chemistry after I entered college.How did you get into Green Chemistry?When I was a graduate student, I became fascinated about natural product synthesis. However, I felt that most reported total syntheses are very lengthy and difficult. As a result, I have been constantly asking myself: can we have novel chemistry to simplify organic syntheses? By coincidence, this was also during the dawn of Green Chemistry, which has the same philosophy.Besides chemistry, what are your hobbies?Besides chemistry research, I still have an eye on art. Also, I enjoy reading philosophy books, traveling and meeting people from different walks of life.What advice do you give to young academics?Be unique, creative and different from others. These might be difficult to do at the beginning but they will be beneficial in the long run.In your personal view, what are the important future developments for chemistry?As chemistry is the central science, important future developments will mostly arise from interdisciplinary areas. These are already occurring between biology and chemistry, environment and chemistry, materials and chemistry, energy and chemistry, but will also be between chemistry and some emerging fields. One of them is with artificial intelligence. Currently, it requires a great amount of time and effort to carry out a large number of experiments for most reactions, Artificial intelligence can greatly change and simplify future chemistry research.
Fever and electrocoagulation syndrome after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection for patients with immunosuppressants and steroids
Authors: Yamamoto Shumpei , Kinugasa Hideaki , Yamasaki Yasushi , Hirai Mami , Ako Soichiro , Takei Kensuke , Igawa Shoko , Yasutomi Eriko , Oka Shohei , Ohmori Masayasu , Inokuchi Toshihiro , Harada Keita , Hiraoka Sakiko , Nouso Kazuhiro , Tanaka Takehiro , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesTransient fever and electrocoagulation syndrome after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remain a challenge. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors of post‐ESD fever and post‐ESD coagulation syndrome (PECS), focusing on the involvement of immunosuppressive drugs and steroids (IM).MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 510 patients who underwent colorectal ESD at Okayama University Hospital from 2015 to 2020. The incidence rate, clinical outcome, and factors associated with post‐ESD fever and PECS were investigated.ResultsPost‐ESD fever and PECS occurred in 63 patients (12.4%) and 43 patients (8.4%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status ≥3, the use of immunosuppressants or prednisolone ≥5mg (IM group), and injury to muscle layer/perforation were significantly associated with post‐ESD fever. In PECS, IM group, tumors located on the right side, treatment time ≥60 min, injury to the muscle layer, and multiple lesions were independent risk factors. Both post‐ESD fever and PECS improved conservatively in the IM group, and no serious complication was observed.ConclusionsThe use of IM was a risk factor for both post‐ESD fever and PECS. However, there were no serious complications in colorectal ESD for patients taking IM.