bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A subpopulation of arenavirus nucleoprotein localizes to mitochondria
Authors: Baggio Francesca , Hetzel Udo , Nufer Lisbeth , Kipar Anja , Hepojoki Jussi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractViruses need cells for their replication and, therefore, ways to hijack cellular functions. Mitochondria play fundamental roles within the cell in metabolism, immunity and regulation of homeostasis due to which some viruses aim to alter mitochondrial functions. Herein we show that the nucleoprotein (NP) of arenaviruses enters the mitochondria of infected cells, affecting the mitochondrial morphology. Reptarenaviruses cause boid inclusion body disease (BIBD) that is characterized, especially in boas, by the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) comprising reptarenavirus NP within the infected cells. We initiated this study after observing electron-dense material reminiscent of IBs within the mitochondria of reptarenavirus infected boid cell cultures in an ultrastructural study. We employed immuno-electron microscopy to confirm that the mitochondrial inclusions indeed contain reptarenavirus NP. Mutations to a putative N-terminal mitochondrial targeting signal (MTS), identified via software predictions in both mamm- and reptarenavirus NPs, did not affect the mitochondrial localization of NP, suggesting that it occurs independently of MTS. In support of MTS-independent translocation, we did not detect cleavage of the putative MTSs of arenavirus NPs in reptilian or mammalian cells. Furthermore, in vitro translated NPs could not enter isolated mitochondria, suggesting that the translocation requires cellular factors or conditions. Our findings suggest that MTS-independent mitochondrial translocation of NP is a shared feature among arenaviruses. We speculate that by targeting the mitochondria arenaviruses aim to alter mitochondrial metabolism and homeostasis or affect the cellular defense.
Evaluation of a custom QIAseq targeted DNA panel with 164 ancestry informative markers sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq
Authors: Truelsen D. , Freire-Aradas A. , Nazari M. , Aliferi A. , Ballard D. , Phillips C. , Morling N. , Pereira V. , Børsting C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroduction of new methods requires meticulous evaluation before they can be applied to forensic genetic case work. Here, a custom QIAseq Targeted DNA panel with 164 ancestry informative markers was assessed using the MiSeq sequencing platform. Concordance, sensitivity, and the capability for analysis of mixtures were tested. The assay gave reproducible and nearly concordant results with an input of 10 and 2 ng DNA. Lower DNA input led to an increase in both locus and allele drop-outs, and a higher variation in heterozygote balance. Locus or allele drop-outs in the samples with less than 2 ng DNA input were not necessarily associated with the overall performance of a locus. Thus, the QIAseq assay will be difficult to implement in a forensic genetic setting where the sample material is often scarce and of poor quality. With equal or near equal mixture ratios, the mixture DNA profiles were easily identified by an increased number of imbalanced heterozygotes. For more skewed mixture ratios, the mixture DNA profiles were identified by an increased noise level. Lastly, individuals from Great Britain and the Middle East were investigated. The Middle Eastern individuals showed a greater affinity with South European populations compared to North European populations.
Associations of kidney tests at medical facilities and health checkups with incidence of end-stage kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yoshimura Ryuichi , Yamamoto Ryohei , Shinzawa Maki , Kataoka Rie , Ahn Mina , Ikeguchi Nami , Wakida Natsuki , Toki Hiroshi , Moriyama Toshiki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNo study has assessed the association between no health checkup and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This retrospective cohort study, including 69,147 adults aged ≥ 40 years in Japan who were insured by the National Health Insurance and the Late-Stage Medical Care System for the Elderly, assessed the associations of kidney tests at medical facilities and health checkups with incident ESKD. The main exposure was the histories of kidney tests using dipstick urinalysis and/or serum creatinine measurement at medical facilities and checkups in the past year: “checkups,” “no kidney test (without checkup),” and “kidney tests (without checkup)” groups. During the median observational period of 5.0 years, ESKD was observed in 246 (0.8%) men and 124 (0.3%) women. The “no kidney test” group was associated with ESKD in men (adjusted subhazard ratio of “no kidney test” vs. “checkups”: 1.66 [95% confidence interval, 1.04–2.65], but not in women. Age-specific subgroup analyses identified the “no kidney test” group as a high-risk population of ESKD in elderly men (1.30 [0.70–2.41] and 2.72 [1.39–5.33] in men aged 40–74 and ≥ 75 years, respectively). Elderly men with no kidney test at medical facilities and no health checkup were at higher risk of ESKD.
Unified left eigenvector (ULEV) for blind source separation
Authors: Naghsh Erfan , Danesh Mohammad , Beheshti Soosan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA joint analysis method is proposed for source separation from multiple datasets. In this method, sources with the greatest impact on the multiple datasets are identified and then are sequentially separated. The method utilizes the advantage of structure singular value decomposition through a novel approach that extracts only one unified left eigenvector. The Lagrangian multipliers are determined in two steps. In the first step, a projection procedure on optimal subspaces provides dimension reduction through singular value decomposition. In the second step, the number of main sources is automatically derived by minimizing the mean square error between the desired noiseless eigenvalues and estimated eigenvalues of the observations. The results show that the highest accuracy in source separation belongs to the proposed unified left eigenvector (ULEV) method compared to some of most popular approaches including ICA, jICA, MCCA and jICA+MCCA.
A non‐intrusive load state identification method considering non‐local spatiotemporal feature
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Li Yong , Duan Jing , Duan Yilong , Guo Yixiu , Cao Yijia , Rehtanz Christian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a non‐intrusive method for identifying the load state of a distribution network. The method focuses on continuously varying loads. By considering the load on‐off state switching points and the continuous features at on state, a deep convolutional method considering non‐local spatiotemporal features is proposed. The addition of an attention component to the convolutional network enhances the non‐local feature extraction capability of the convolutional network. Ultimately, the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated in an experimental setting. In addition, this paper demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively integrate switching point features as well as persistent features through neural network visualization techniques.
SF6 decomposition and insulation condition monitoring of GIE: A review
Authors: Zeng Fuping , Li Haotian , Cheng Hongtu , Tang Ju , Liu Yilu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe statistics of the Conference International des Grands Reseaux Electriques (CIGRE) indicate that the operational reliability of SF6 gas‐insulated equipment (GIE) is very high; however, the failure rate of the GIE in operation is much higher than that of the IEC standard, and the fault occurs frequently in the GIE at a high voltage level. The reason is due to the complex and strong on‐site electromagnetic interference environment and fully enclosed structure of GIE. The key method and technology for effective on‐line monitoring and fault diagnosis of GIE are still lacking. Given the partial strong electromagnetic energy and high temperature induced by early latent insulation faults in the equipment, SF6 gas insulation presents different degrees of decomposition. The decomposition products mainly include SO2F2, SOF2, SO2, HF, and H2S. The decomposition characteristics of SF6 are closely related to the property of insulation faults. At present, this area is attracting attention from the power industry and research institutes. This study summarises the current research on SF6 decomposition component analysis (DCA). The content mainly includes the latest progress of SF6 decomposition characteristics and mechanism under fault conditions, and fault diagnosis methods based on decomposition components.
Integrated busbar protection scheme utilizing a numerical technique based on coherence method
Authors: Mahmoud R. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA Busbar (BB) is one of the most important elements of a power system, which links a variety of elements such as generators, power transformers, transmission lines and loads. The BB fault current magnitude is very large, which has to be immediately cleared in order to minimize the failure in the power system, and to avoid the CT saturation effects. This paper presents a novel BB protection scheme based on closed‐tripping characteristics of coherence coefficients computed for BB current signals. Three‐phase current signals of each circuit connected to the protected busbar are measured for calculating nine cross‐coherence coefficients. These coefficients are compared with each other and with a pre‐determined threshold value to identify the fault location, classification and direction discrimination, as well as to differentiate the internal and external faults with CT saturation extent. The scheme is tested under different types of external and internal faults with variations of faulty phase(s), fault locations, fault resistances, fault inception angles, and power flow angles. ATP platform is used for power system simulation, and MATLAB software is applied to validate the proposed protection algorithm. The simulation results prove that the scheme is fast, where its operating time is within a sub‐cycle time range, and it has the ability to discriminate between internal and external faults with/without CT saturation condition. Moreover, the numerical technique is immune to CT saturation effect, and it is simple, effective, secure, reliable, stable and feasible.
Planetary nebulae in Gaia EDR3: Central star identification, properties, and binarity
Authors: González-Santamaría I. , Manteiga M. , Manchado A. , Ulla A. , Dafonte C. , López Varela P. 
Published: October 2021

Context. The Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3), published in December 2020, features improved photometry and astrometry compared to that published in the previous DR2 file and includes a substantially larger number of sources, of the order of 2000 million, making it a paradigm of big data astronomy. Many of the central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe) are inherently faint and difficult to identify within the field of the nebula itself. Gaia measurements may be relevant not only in identifying the ionising source of each nebula, but also in the study their physical and evolutionary properties.
Aims. We demonstrate how Gaia data mining can effectively help to solve the issue of central star misidentification, a problem that has plagued the field since its origin. As we did for DR2, our objective is to present a catalogue of CSPNe with astrometric and photometric information in EDR3. From that catalogue, we selected a sample of stars with high-quality astrometric parameters, on which we carried out a more accurate analysis of CSPNe properties.
Methods.GaiaGBP − GRP colours allow us to select the sources with sufficient temperatures to ionise the nebula. In order to estimate the real colour of a source, it is important to take into account interstellar extinction and, in the case of compact nebulae, nebular extinction when available. In addition, distances derived from EDR3 parallaxes (combined with consistent literature values) can be used to obtain nebular intrinsic properties from those observed. With this information, CSPNe can be plotted in an Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. From information on the spectral classification of the CS (from the literature) and evolutionary models for post-AGB stars, their evolutionary state can then be analysed. Furthermore, EDR3 high-quality astrometric data enable us to search for objects comoving with CSs in the field of each nebula by detecting sources with parallaxes and proper motions similar to those of the CS.
Results. We present a catalogue of 2035 PNe with their corresponding CS identification from among Gaia EDR3 sources. We obtain the distances for those with known parallaxes in EDR3 (1725 PNe). In addition, for a sub-sample (405 PNe) with the most accurate distances, we obtain different nebular properties such as their Galactic distribution, radius, kinematic age, and morphology. Furthermore, for a set of 74 CSPNe, we present the evolutionary state (mass and age) derived from their luminosities and effective temperatures from evolutionary models. Finally, we highlight the detection of several wide binary CSPNe through an analysis of the EDR3 astrometric parameters, and we contribute to shedding some light on the relevance of close binarity in CSPNe.
Treatment of the uncontrolled landfill of Casablanca city by naturals materials
Authors: Ghazali Sara , Laamyem Abdelghani 
Published: October 2021

This work treats the leachate from the uncontrolled landfill of Casablanca city using the infiltration-percolation technique. To do this, we carried out a comparative study of the filtrations on different matrices to choose the best filtering medium. We used silt, fly ash, bottom ash, agricultural soil and sea sands from the Casablanca coast.
The parameters studied are: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH and heavy metals. The results obtained from adsorption technique show that these matrices used can be an effective adsorbent for the reduction of physicochemical parameters and the elimination of heavy metals.
A revaluation of the filtering sludge made in the field of pottery. The results observed are satisfactory at all levels, whether in the reuse of this liquid waste, in the field of irrigation or the recycling of filter matrices.
An achromatic pump–probe setup for broadband, few-cycle ultrafast spectroscopy in quantum materials
Authors: Amuah Emmanuel B. , Johnson Allan S. , Wall Simon E. 
Published: October 2021

In this work, we present an achromatic pump–probe setup covering the visible (VIS) to near-infrared (NIR) wavelength regions (500–3000 nm) for few-cycle pulses. Both the pump and probe arms can work either in the VIS or the NIR wavelength regions, making our setup suitable for multi-color, broadband pump–probe measurements. In particular, our setup minimizes time-smearing due to the phase front curvature, an aspect of ultrafast spectroscopy that has been missing from previous works and allowing us to achieve sub-20-fs temporal resolution. We demonstrate the capabilities of our setup by performing measurements on Pr0.5Ca1.5MnO4. We pump and probe in both wavelength regions with a range of pump fluences and demonstrate how the observed dynamics depend strongly on the probe wavelength. Furthermore, the observation of a 16.5 THz phonon demonstrates the high temporal resolution of the setup.
A microfluidic chip integrated with 3D sidewall electrodes and wavy microchannel for cell focusing and separation
Authors: Huang Liang , Wang Guiqiang , Zhan Guoqin , Pei Pei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cell focusing and separation is a prerequisite for several biological applications. Among these technologies that can achieve the operation, dielectrophoresis (DEP) has been widely used due to its non-contact, label-free and easy-to-operate advantages. In this paper, we designed a microchip that integrates 3D electrodes and wavy microchannel for cell focusing and separation. The 3D electrodes act as not only the electrodes but also as the microchannel walls. The wavy microchannel enables 3D electrodes to generate electric field gradient required by DEP force in the entire microchannel. Cells can be focused and separated under the synergistic effect of DEP and fluidic forces. We have demonstrated the feasibility of the microchip through numerical simulations and experiments. And we validated our approach by demonstrating focusing and separation of A549 and HeLa cells. According to the electrical differences of cells, in the range of 61–99 kHz, the two types of cells can be focused into three streams under the action of positive and negative DEP force to achieve cell separation. With the increase of the voltage amplitude to 10 V, the width of the cell streams was focused to about 30 μm, which can improve the effect of cell separation, the separation efficiency of A549 and HeLa can reach 91.2% and 95.1%, respectively. The proposed microchip is expected to provide a new pathway for designing an effective cell focusing and separation platform.
Soliton dimer–soliton scattering in coupled quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates
Authors: Hegde Gautam , Nayak Pranay , Ghosh Ratheejit , Nath Rejish 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We discuss scattering between a bright soliton and a soliton dimer in coupled quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates. The dimer is formed by each soliton from both tubes due to the attractive inter-layer dipole–dipole interaction. The dipoles within each tube repel each other, and a stable, bright soliton is stabilized via attractive contact interactions. In general, the scattering is inelastic, transferring the kinetic energy into internal modes of both soliton dimer and single soliton. Our studies reveal rich scattering scenarios, including dimer–soliton repulsion at small initial velocities, exchange of atoms between dimer and single soliton and soliton fusion at intermediate velocities. Interestingly, for some particular initial velocities, the dimer–soliton scattering results in a state of two dimers. At large initial velocities, the scattering is elastic as expected.
Transparent ultra-broadband absorber based on a tree seedling composite structure
Authors: Lyu Zhou , Zhang Binzhen , Duan Junping , Yang Yuhua , Liu Rui , Wei Yiqing , Liu Jingwen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, we design, analyze and process an ultra-broadband absorption optical transparent metamaterials absorbing device. The simulation results show that within the 13.68–71.6 GHz frequency range, the devicereaches more than 90% absorptivity, and that transverse magnetic waves and transverse waves under a large angle of polarization and incident angle can obtain high absorption performance. Therefore the device has the perfect performance of polarization insensitivity and wide angle of incidence. The absorbing mechanism is analyzed by using the equivalent medium theory, and the theoretical results are in good agreement with the simulation results. Because of its advantages of wideband absorption, high transparency, lightweight, and easy availability, the deive has important application value in practical civil and military fields, such as electromagnetic interference, electromagnetic compatibility, super lens, invisibility cloak, solar cell device design and so on.
Higher order modal dynamics of the flexural ultrasonic transducer
Authors: Feeney Andrew , Kang Lei , Dixon Steve 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The flexural ultrasonic transducer (FUT) consists of a piezoelectric ceramic bonded to an edge-clamped elastic plate, for both generation and detection of ultrasound waves. It is typically employed for proximity measurement, such as in automotive parking systems, and for flow measurement in gases and liquids. Conventional industrial applications have generally incorporated FUTs with resonance frequencies up to around 50 kHz. However, there have been recent advances in the understanding of the FUT, both in terms of fabrication and operation, enabling the potential for measurement in a wider range of applications, including those of elevated pressure, temperature, and requiring multiple operating frequencies. Ultrasound measurement with FUTs at frequencies greater than 50 kHz is desirable in a range of applications, including gas and water metering in petrochemical plants, district heating, and power industries. The major restricting limitation of designing transducers to operate at these higher frequencies has been a relatively poor understanding of these transducers work, including optimisation of design and performance, and the few reports into how different modes of a FUT can be utilised for practical and reliable measurement. In this study, the higher order modal dynamics of the FUT are investigated through measurement of high frequency ultrasound waves in air, for different fundamental operating modes. A combination of experimental techniques is applied, comprising electrical impedance analysis and laser Doppler vibrometry. The experimental research is supported by analytical solutions to reveal complex higher order modal dynamics of the FUT. This investigation represents further development in widening the industrial application potential of the FUT.
Innovative nanochemotherapy for overcoming cancer multidrug resistance
Authors: Tan Hong , Zhang Mengyu , Wang Yuqing , Timashev Peter , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Shouwen , Liang Xing-Jie , Li Fangzhou 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon in which drug-resistant tumor cells are resistant to multiple other unexposed antitumor drugs with different structures and targets. MDR of cancer is a primary cause of clinical chemotherapy failure. With the progress of nanotechnology in the medical field, more and more research works have developed many nanotechnology-based strategies to challenge drug resistance. This review details the recent studies at the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology utilizing various nanochemotherapy strategies for overcoming chemotherapy resistance of tumor. We discuss the benefits and limitations of the diverse strategies, as well as possible ways to overcome these limitations. Importantly, in order to combat cancer chemotherapy resistance with nanomedicine, the mechanisms of drug endocytosis and subsequent fate need to be explored and focused on. In the meanwhile, due to the complexity and diversity of chemotherapy resistance mechanisms, the development of more intelligent and controllable nanodrugs may have greater scope for clinical application.
Flexible core/shelled PPy@PANI nanotube porous films for hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Gaini , Zhang Jianhua , Li Wenbin , Wang Jingjing , Li Xifei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Flexibility of the films and the limited ion transport in the vertical direction of film highly restrict the development of flexible supercapacitors. Herein, we have developed hybrid porous films consisting of N-doped holey graphene nanosheets (NHGR) with abundant in-plane nanopores and the vertically aligned polyaniline nanowires arrays on polypyrrole nanotubes (PPy@PANI) via a two-step oxidative polymerization strategy and vacuum filtration. The rational design can efficiently shorten the diffusion path of electrons/ions, alleviate volume variation of electrodes during cycling, enhance electric conductivity of the hybrids, and while offer abundant active interfacial sites for electrochemical reaction. Benefiting from the distinctive structural and compositional merits, the obtained PPy@PANI/NHGR film electrode manifests an excellent electrochemical properties in terms of specific capacity (1348 mF cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2), rate capability (81.2% capacitance retention from 1 to 30 mA cm−2), and cycling stability (capacitance retention of 73.7% at 20 mA cm−2 after 7000 cycles). Matched with NHGR negative electrode, the assembled flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor displays a remarkable areal capacitance of 359 mF cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2, maximum areal energy density of 112.2 μWh cm−2 at 3.747 mW cm−2, and good flexibility at various bending angles while preserving stable cycling performance. The result shows the PPy@PANI/NHGR film with high flexibility and 3D ions transport channels is highly attractive for flexible energy storage devices.