bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of the new CryoPop® cryotherapy device for cervical dysplasia in low- and middle-income countries: study protocol for a multicenter open-label non-inferiority clinical trial with historical controls
Authors: Yogeshkumar S. , Anderson Jean , Lu Enriquito , Kenyi Edward , Mensa Margaret , Thaler Katrina , Antartani Ramalingappa , Donimath Kasturi , Patil Basavaraj , Chikaraddi Santosh , Bidri Shailaja , Biradar Aruna , Gudadinni Muttappa R. , Lokare Laxmikant , Yenokyan Gayane , Bellad Mrutyunjaya B. , Goudar Shivaprasad S. , Derman Richard , Revankar Amit , Patil Hema , Wani Ramadevi , Kangle Ranjit , Chavan Ramesh Y. , Nagmoti Mahantesh B. , Kabadi Yogendra M. , Reddy Purushotham , Vernekar Sunita , Hipparagi Surekha , Patil Vijayalaxmi , Dalal Anita 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, affecting mainly women residing in low- and middle-income countries. Progression from a pre-invasive phase to that of an invasive phase generally takes years and provides a window of opportunity to screen for and treat precancerous lesions.

Methods
This study is being conducted at four sites in north Karnataka, India. Community sensitization activities have been organized in the study areas to create awareness among stakeholders, including elected representatives, physicians, health care workers, and potential participants. Organized community based as well as hospital-based screening is being conducted using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Screen positive women are referred to respective study hospitals for colposcopy and directed biopsy. Participants with confirmed high-grade cervical dysplasia (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or HSIL) who fit all other eligibility criteria will be recruited to the study and will receive cryotherapy using CryoPop®, an innovative new cryotherapy device.

Discussion
There is a need to develop an inexpensive, simple, and effective cryotherapy device for use by frontline health care providers at locations where screening and timely treatment can be given, accelerating access to cervical cancer prevention services and minimizing loss to follow-up of women with precancerous lesions who need treatment.

Trial registration
Clinical Trial Registry - India CTRI/2019/01/017289 ClinicalTrials.Gov number NCT04154644. Registered on November 6, 2019.
Does virtual reality increase the efficacy of psychotherapy for young adults with mild-to-moderate depression? A study protocol for a multicenter randomized clinical trial
Authors: Montesano Adrián , Medina Joan C. , Paz Clara , García-Mieres Helena , Niño-Robles Noelia , García-Grau Eugeni , Crespillo Josep Cañete , García-Gutiérrez Alejandro , Alabèrnia-Segura Miquel , Feixas Guillem 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The improvement of psychological treatments for depression in young adults is a pressing issue highlighted in the literature. Its relevance is determined not only because young adults are underrepresented in research, but also to prevent chronic severe mental health disorders later in life. Engagement is considered a key factor for a good therapeutic outcome, especially among young patients. In this sense, virtual reality could be particularly suited to engage young adults in the therapy process. This project aims to improve the psychological treatment of mild-to-moderate depression in young adults by testing out the efficacy of virtual reality-enhanced personal construct therapy (PCT-VR), as compared to personal construct therapy alone (PCT) and to the reference standard cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). In contrast to CBT, PCT neither educates patients about depression nor gives them directions on the changes to be made in their dysfunctional behaviors or cognitions. Rather, PCT explores the coherence (or conflicts) of thoughts and behaviors with respect to the person’s sense of identity and focuses on meaning-making processes.

Methods
The efficacy of this innovative intervention (PCT-VR) will be compared to PCT and to CBT in a randomized clinical trial. The study includes an appraisal of therapists’ adherence and independent assessments to preserve internal validity. The Beck Depression Inventory-II is the primary outcome measure for calculating both statistical and clinical significance, but other outcomes will also be assessed (e.g., functioning, well-being, anxiety, stress) at pre- and post-therapy and at 6-month follow-up. The trial will be conducted in a naturalistic context, mostly at the usual health care center of each patient. A sample of 225 participants is targeted to reach enough statistical power to accomplish the goals of the study.

Discussion
We expect that providing evidence for PCT-VR will widen the repertoire of evidence-based technology-based psychotherapeutic interventions for young adults and contribute to the prevention of deteriorating courses of the disorder.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04321525. Registered on 18 February 2020
Effect of traditional Chinese medicine formula Guilu Xian on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer outcome in older women with low prognosis: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, randomized double-blind study
Authors: Ma Yingjie , Cao Xianling , Song Jingyan , Gao Dandan , Wang Xinlei , Li Li , Sun Zhengao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction
In recent years, the prevalence of infertility has significantly increased and has become a global reproductive health problem. The female ovarian reserves have been shown to decrease progressively with an increase in age. Besides, the rate of embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy also decreases. Traditional Chinese medicine has been widely applied in assisted reproductive technology. It is reported to have a significant influence on improving the quality of oocytes, improving endometrial receptivity, increasing clinical pregnancy rate, reducing pregnancy-related complications, etc. Therefore, this study will investigate the effect of Guilu Xian, a traditional Chinese medicine formula on IVF-ET outcome in older women with low prognosis.

Methods and analysis
This trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized double-blind clinical trial. A total of 120 infertile patients with low prognosis and receiving IVF or ICSI in 3 public hospitals in China will be randomly divided into two parallel groups: Guilu Xian group (n = 60) and placebo group (n = 60). Patients in both groups will be treated with antagonist regimens to promote ovulation, and all the patients will be required to take the medication from the 2nd to 4th day of the menstrual cycle to the day of egg retrieval. A comparison of the total number of oocytes obtained, the fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate, embryo quality, embryo implantation rate, and early spontaneous abortion rate between the experimental group and the placebo group will be performed.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trials Registry ChiCTR1900028255. Registered on 16 December 2019.
The role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in gestational diabetes mellitus susceptibility: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Sai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common disease during pregnancy. The association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with GDM is still controversial. This study aimed to assess the associations between VDR polymorphisms and GDM risk.

Methods
We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase electronic database for all eligible studies published from Jan 1, 1980 to December 31, 2020 to conduct a Meta-analysis. We analyzed four VDR polymorphisms: BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236), and FokI (rs2228570). Inclusion Criteria: (1) The data can be evaluated; (2) case–control study; and (3) meeting the Hardy–Weinberg’s law. Exclusion criteria: (1) Insufficient or extractable data; (2) Severe publication bias in the data; and (3) duplicate publications. We eventually included 15 studies in seven articles, including 2207 cases and 2706 controls.

Results
We eventually included 15 studies in seven articles, including 2207 cases and 2706 controls. The data showed that ApaI (rs7975232) VDR gene polymorphism was related with the risk of GDM for the comparison of CC vs AA and recessive model in overall population and FokI (rs2228570) VDR gene polymorphism was associated with the risk of GDM for recessive model in overall population. BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphism was not related with the risk of GDM in overall population. However, in the analysis of subgroups grouped by race, BsmI (rs1544410) has certain correlations. And, the data suggested the TaqI (rs731236) polymorphism was not associated with GDM.

Conclusion
Based on the meta-analysis, VDR ApaI (rs7975232) and FokI (rs2228570) polymorphisms increase susceptibility to GDM. In the future, it can be used to diagnose and screen molecular biomarkers for GDM patients.
Mangifera indica as propolis source: what exactly do bees collect?
Authors: Popova Milena , Trusheva Boryana , Ilieva Nia , Thanh Le Nguyen , Lien Nguyen Thi Phuong , Bankova Vassya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective
The mango tree Mangifera indica is known as one of the botanical sources of propolis in Tropical regions. There are two different materials which bees can collect from a mango tree to produce propolis: the resin of the tree bark, and the latex found on the fruits. We performed the study of the chemical profile of mango resin in comparison with propolis in order to clarify its importance as propolis source.

Results
We compared the chemical profiles (by GC–MS analysis of ethanol extracts after silylation) of the resin and samples of propolis: of stingless bees (3 Vietnames, 2 Indonesian), and one of Apis mellifera from Thailand. In the resin and all propolis samples, 25 compounds were identified: fatty acids, cardanols (alk(en)yl phenols), cardols, anacardic acids, triterpene alcohols and ketones, cycloartane type triterpenic acids. All samples have the same qualitative composition but there are important quantitative differences. Considering literature data on mango latex, we conclude that bees of different species, make use of the two propolis sources offered by mango: bark resin and fruit latex, in different proportions. We also confirmed for the first time the presence of alk(en)yl phenols and anacardic acids in the tree bark resin of mango.
Simultaneous traumatic dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon and long peroneal tendon: a case report
Authors: Riecke Johannes , Müller Max , Bölderl Andreas , Genelin Konstantin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Viewing the existing literature, one can find several documents about dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Clinical findings, diagnostics, and therapy are well described. Instead, the list of documents describing dislocations of the posterior tibial tendon is short. We found no case in which a dislocation of both long peroneal tendon and posterior tibial tendon is described.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 29-year-old male patient who sustained an ankle injury after a fall at a boulder gym. He admitted himself with severe pain, tenderness, and swelling of his left ankle. Dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon and simultaneous dislocation of the long peroneal tendon was diagnosed using x-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Transosseous suture repair with periosteal augmentation of the flexor retinaculum was performed at the medial malleolus. At the lateral malleolus, transosseous suture was used to repair the superior retinaculum. The ankle was immobilized following surgery. The patient underwent physical therapy afterwards. The treatment resulted in good recovery, and the patient returned to the same level of performance at rock climbing.

Conclusion
Our novel finding is that simultaneously sustained dislocations of the posterior tibial tendon and the long peroneal tendon may occur and can be successfully treated as if each injury is treated individually. Level of evidence Level V, case report.
Delirium and other neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 infection in people with preexisting psychiatric disorders: a systematic review
Authors: van Reekum Emma A. , Rosic Tea , Sergeant Anjali , Sanger Nitika , Rodrigues Myanca , Rebinsky Reid , Panesar Balpreet , Deck Eve , Kim Nayeon , Woo Julia , D’Elia Alessia , Hillmer Alannah , Dufort Alexander , Sanger Stephanie , Thabane Lehana , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Samaan Zainab 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Psychiatric disorders increase risk of neuropsychiatric disease and poor outcomes, yet little is known about the neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 in the psychiatric population. The primary objective is to synthesize neuropsychiatric outcomes of COVID-19 in people with preexisting psychiatric disorders.

Methods
Data were collected during an ongoing review of the impact of pandemics on people with existing psychiatric disorders. All study designs and gray literature were included. Medline, PsychInfo, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MedRx were searched from inception to September 1 2020. Risk of bias was assessed using a published tool that can accommodate all study types. Two independent authors screened the studies and extracted data. Data were narratively synthesized, as there were insufficient data to meta-analyze. Evidence was appraised according to GRADE.

Results
Four case reports were included, comprising 13 participants from three countries. Many large-sample, relevant papers were omitted for not reporting psychiatric history, despite reporting other comorbidities. Included participants (n = 13) were hospitalized with COVID-19 and appeared to meet criteria for delirium. Myoclonus, rigidity, and alogia were also reported. The most commonly reported preexisting psychiatric diagnoses were mood disorders, schizophrenia, and alcohol use disorder.

Conclusions
People with preexisting psychiatric disorders may experience delirium, rigidity, myoclonus, and alogia during COVID-19 infection; although higher quality and longitudinal data are needed to better understand these phenomena. Relevant COVID-19 literature does not always report psychiatric history, despite heightened neuropsychiatric vulnerability within this population.
Trial Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020179611).
Case series: coronavirus disease 2019 infection as a precipitant of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: two case reports
Authors: Kurian Christine J. , French Zachary , Kukulich Patrick , Lankiewicz Matthew , Ghimire Sushil , Maarouf Omar H. , Rizk Sanaa , Rhoades Ruben 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is an exceedingly rare thrombotic microangiopathy caused by accelerated activation of the alternative complement pathway.

Case presentation
Here, we report two cases of patients presenting with suspected atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome precipitated by coronavirus disease 2019 infection. The first patient, a 25-year-old Hispanic male, had one prior episode of thrombotic microangiopathy presumed to be atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome precipitated by influenza A, and re-presented with thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, nonoliguric renal failure, and normal ADAMTS13 activity, with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 positivity. The second patient, a 31-year-old Caucasian female, had no personal history of thrombotic microangiopathy, though reported a family history of suspected atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. She presented with similar laboratory derangements, oliguric renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 positivity. Both patients were treated with eculizumab with complete resolution of their hematologic and renal complications.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this represents the largest case series of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome precipitated by coronavirus disease 2019 in adults.
Parsonage–Turner syndrome following coronavirus disease 2019 immunization with ChAdOx1-S vaccine: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Vitturi Bruno Kusznir , Grandis Marina , Beltramini Sabrina , Orsi Andrea , Schenone Angelo , Icardi Giancarlo , Durando Paolo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Parsonage–Turner syndrome is an acute peripheral neuropathy that affects the upper brachial plexus region. Previously published reports demonstrate that the condition can be triggered by surgery, infection, autoimmune diseases, strenuous exercise, trauma, radiation, and vaccination. Parsonage–Turner syndrome has already been reported in three other patients who were vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 51-year-old Caucasian man without comorbidities who received the first dose of the ChAdOx1-S recombinant vaccine (Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca, Oxford, UK) against coronavirus disease 2019 and was diagnosed with Parsonage–Turner syndrome. A few days after getting vaccinated, the patient reported a progressive increase in pain in the region of vaccine administration. One month later, the shoulder pain was followed by symptoms of hypoesthesia and muscle weakness on abduction and elevation of the left upper limb. Neurological examination revealed an atrophy of the proximal muscles of the left upper limb, accompanied by paresis of the left deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and infraspinatus muscles. Electroneuromyography carried out 3 months after the onset of symptoms showed signs consistent with brachial plexus neuritis. The adverse reaction has been properly reported to the Italian Pharmacovigilance System (Italian Medicines Agency—Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco.

Conclusion
The increased awareness of such association is essential for early identification and diagnosis and, thus, better clinical outcomes.
Urban flood susceptibility evaluation and prediction during 2010–2030 in the southern watersheds of Mashhad city, Iran
Authors: Heidari Elham , Mahmoudzadeh Amir , Mansouri Daneshvar Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundUrban flood susceptibility evaluation (FSE) can utilize empirical and rational procedures to focus on the urban flood evaluation using physical coefficients and land-use change ratios. The main aim of the present paper was to evaluate a flood susceptibility model in the southern watersheds of Mashhad city, in Iran, for 2010, 2020, and 2030. The construction of the model depended on the utilization of some global datasets to estimate the runoff coefficients of the watersheds, peak flood discharges, and flood susceptibility evaluations.Results and conclusionsBased on the climatic precipitation and urban sprawl variation, our results revealed the mean values of the runoff coefficient (Cr) from 0.50 (2010) to 0.65 (2030), where the highest values of Cr (> 0.70) belonged to the watersheds with real estate cover, soil unit of the Mollisols, and the slope ranges over 5–15%. The averagely cumulative flood discharges were estimated from 2.04 m3/s (2010) to 5.76 m3/s (2030), revealing an increase of the flood susceptibility equal 3.2 times with at least requirement of an outlet cross-section by  > 46 m2in 2030. The ROC curves for the model validity explained AUC values averagely over 0.8, exposing the very good performance of the model and excellent sensitivity.
Validating clinical characteristics of primary failure of eruption (PFE) associated with PTH1R variants
Authors: Grippaudo Cristina , D’Apolito Isabella , Cafiero Concetta , Re Agnese , Chiurazzi Pietro , Frazier-Bowers Sylvia A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a hereditary condition, and linkage with variants in the PTH1R gene has been demonstrated in many cases. The clinical severity and expression of PFE is variable, and the genotype–phenotype correlation remains elusive. Further, the similarity between some eruption disorders that are not associated with PTH1R alterations is striking. To better understand the genotype–phenotype correlation, we examined the relationship between the eruption phenotype and PTH1R genotype in 44 patients with suspected PFE and 27 unaffected relatives. Sanger sequencing was employed to analyze carefully selected PFE patients. Potential pathogenicity of variants was evaluated against multiple genetic databases for function prediction and frequency information.

Results
Mutational analysis of the PTH1R coding sequence revealed 14 different variants in 38 individuals (30 patients and 8 first-degree relatives), 9 exonic and 5 intronic. Their pathogenicity has been reported and compared with the number and severity of clinical signs. In 72.7% of patients with pathogenic variants, five clinical and radiographic criteria have been found: involvement of posterior teeth, involvement of the distal teeth to the most mesial affected, supracrestal presentation, altered vertical growth of the alveolar process and posterior open-bite. In cases with mixed dentition (3), the deciduous molars of the affected quadrant were infraoccluded.

Discussion
The probability of an affected patient having a PTH1R variant is greater when five specific clinical characteristics are present. The likelihood of an eruption defect in the absence of specific clinical characteristics is rarely associated with a PTH1R mutation.

Conclusions
We report here that systematic clinical and radiographic observation using a diagnostic rubric is highly valuable in confirming PFE and offers a reliable alternative for accurate diagnosis.
Ionic liquid-based multi-stage sugaring-out extraction of lactic acid from simulated broth and actual lignocellulosic fermentation broth
Authors: Zhou Xu , Sun Yaqin , Zhan Hongjun , Liu Haijun , Wang Xiaoyan , Xu Yang , Li Yi , Xiu Zhilong , Tong Yi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this study, ionic liquid-based sugaring-out extraction was developed to separate lactic acid from the synthetic solution and actual lignocellulosic fermentation broth. Except for [EOHmim]BF4, the ILs with BF4− and OTF− anion can form aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) with the aid of saccharides. With the same kind of saccharides, the ATPS formation ability of ILs could be promoted by increasing the side-chain length of ILs in the order of [Hmim]BF4 ≈ [Bmim]BF4 ˃ [Emim]BF4 due to the decrease in ILs’ kosmotropicity. On the other hand, for the same type of ILs, an ATPS was formed more easily with glucose than with xylose. When IL concentration varied from 35% (w/w) to 40% (w/w) at a low glucose concentration of 15% (w/w), an interesting phase reversal was observed. When lactic acid was undissociated at pH 2.0, 51.8% LA and 92.3% [Bmim]BF4 were partitioned to the top phase, and 97.0% glucose to the bottom phase using an ATPS consisting of 25% (w/w) glucose and 45% (w/w) IL. The total recovery of LA would increase to 89.0% in three-stage sugaring-out extraction from synthetic solution. In three-stage sugaring-out extraction from the filtered and unfiltered fermentation broth obtained via simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) of acid-pretreated corn stover by the microbial consortium, the total recovery of LA was 89.5% and 89.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the total removal ratio of cells and pigments from the unfiltered broth was 68.4% and 65.4%, respectively. The results support IL-based sugaring-out extraction as a potential method for the recovery of lactic acid from actual fermentation broth.
Graphical Abstract