bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Using Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients’: A ‎Retrospective, ‏Multi-Centric Cohort Study
Authors: Salehi Mohammadreza , Mehni Mahdi Barkhori , Akbarian Mohammadmehdi , Ghazi Samrand Fattah , Rad Nasim Khajavi , Moghaddam Omid Moradi , Moghaddam Saeed Reza Jamali , Emam Masoumeh Hosseinzadeh , Abtahi Sayed Hamidreza , Moradi Maryam , Ghiasvand Fereshteh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: To access the effect of Intravenous immunoglobulin ‎‎(IVIG) in critically ill corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.Method: In this retrospective matched cohort study, records of three tertiary centers with large number of COVID-19 admissions were evaluated and used. Based on treatment options, ‎patients were divided into two groups, standard COVID-19 treatment (109 patients) and IVIG treatment (74 patients) patients. Also, the effect of IVIG in different dosages was evaluated. Patients with IVIG treatment were divided into three groups of ‎low (0.25 gr/kg), medium (0.5 gr/kg), and high (1 gr/kg) dose. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and ‎One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the ‎outcomes between two groups, including duration of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and mortality rate.‎Result: The duration of hospitalization in the IVIG group ‎were significantly longer than standard treatment (13.74 days vs. 11.10 days, p<0.05). There was not a significant difference between the two groups in ICU length of stay, number of intubated patients and duration of mechanical ventilation (P>0.05).‎ Also initial ‎outcomes in IVIG subgroups were compared separately with the standard ‎treatment group. The results indicated that only the duration of hospitalization ‎in the IVIG subgroup with medium dose is significantly longer than the standard ‎treatment group (P<0.01).Conclusion: Using IVIG is not beneficial for COVID-19 patients based on no remarkable differences in duration of hospitalization, ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and even mortality rate.
Retrospective Analysis of PSMA PET/CT Thyroid Incidental Uptake in Adults: Incidence, Diagnosis and Treatment/outcome in a Tertiary Cancer Referral Center and an Academic Hospital
Authors: Piek Marceline W , de Vries Lisa H. , Donswijk Maarten , de Keizer Bart , de Boer Jan Paul , Lodewijk Lutske , Leeuwaarde Rachel S. van , Vriens Menno R. , Hartemink Koen J. , Ploeg Iris M.C. van der 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose A prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) thyroid incidentaloma (PTI) is an unexpected, PSMA-avid thyroid lesion, newly detected during the investigation of an unrelated condition using PSMA PET/CT. The aim of this study is to examine the incidence and clinical significance of PTI and the associated management strategies since the implementation of the PSMA PET/CT scan. Methods This study involves a retrospective cohort study of 61 PTI cases depicted on PSMA PET/CT scans performed between January 2016 and July 2021, almost exclusively for (re)staging prostate cancer. The medical records of the included cases were retrospectively reviewed and data of the PSMA PET/CT scans, primary malignancy, thyroid diagnostics, treatment and follow-up were collected. Results PTI was reported in 1.1% of the oncologic PSMA PET/CT scans included in this study. Two PTI cases had a histologically proven thyroid cancer, one a benign thyroid lesion and one a metastasis of a renal cell carcinoma. In none of the cases in whom any form of further thyroid work-up was withheld, the PTI became clinically relevant during follow-up (median 1.8 years (1.1-3.3)). Six patients (10%) died due to their primary cancer.Conclusion The incidence of thyroid incidentalomas on PSMA PET/CT was low (1.1%) in this large, two-center experience. Less than half of the PTI cases were analyzed and the risk of malignancy, despite being low, was not negligible. The clinical outcome was good using a standard diagnostic work-up for PTI, while the prognosis of the patient was determined by the primary malignancy. The consideration to analyze and treat PTI cases should be part of the shared decision making in cancer patients.
Ethnobotanical study of wild edible plants used by Meinit Ethnic Community at Bench-Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yimer Abebe , Forsido Sirawdink Fikereyesus , Addis Getachew , Ayelgn Abebe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Meinit sociocultural community have a long tradition of using wild edible plants (WEPs) for food, spice, medicine and income generation. These locally collected wild edibles are consumed during food scarcity and as supplement to staple food. WEPs also provide cheaper source of dietary energy, vitamins and micronutrients for rural subsistence farmers. However, the utilization and management of WEPs have been declining due to dietary shift, climatic and anthropogenic factors. Despite the rich botanical diversity and ample traditional knowledge on the use of WEPs by the Meinit sociocultural community, the ethnobotanical documentation of WEPs is very scant. Therefore, the study aimed to record an ethnobotanical investigation of WEPs used by the Meinit sociocultural community.
Methods

Focused group discussion(FGD), key informants’(KI) interview using semi-structured interview questions, guided field walk, preference ranking and pairwise comparisons were applied during ethnobotanical study of WEPs. Descriptive statistics were used for data analyses.
Results

A total of 66 WEPs species from 34 families were recorded. Asteraceae (seven species) contributed to the highest number of species followed by Fabaceae (six species), Amaranthaceae and Moraceae (five species each); among which 28 species were herbs ,14 were shrubs, 13 were climbers and 11 were trees. The WEPs are gathered from farm, fallow land, woodland, grassland and forest. The WEPs were consumed as raw, boiled, stewed, baked and local beverage. Boiling was frequently used in traditional cooking practice for leafy vegetables, roots and tubers. Soup or local dish prepared from wild edible vegetables and accompanied with porridge or flatten bread is relished by the community.
Conclusion

The study districts have rich resource of WEPs and untapped traditional knowledge associated with the use of these plants for food, medicine and income generation. However, the availability of the WEPs and their traditional knowledge have been declining from time to time.
RF/Analog and Linearity Performance Evaluation of Lattice-Matched ultra-thin AlGaN/GaN Gate Recessed MOSHEMT with Silicon Substrate
Authors: Khan Abdul Naim , JENA KANJALOCHAN , Routray Soumya Ranjan , Chatterjee Gaurav 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this article, the Authors have demonstrated and analyzed various analog/RF and linearity performance of a AlGaN/GaN gate recessed MOSHEMT (GR-MOSHEMT) grown on a Si substrate with mathematical modeling based TCAD simulation. Specifically, a Al2O3 dielectric GR-MOSHEMT has shown tremendous potential in terms of AC/DC figure of merits (FOM’s) such as low leakage current, high transconductance, high Ion/Ioff current ratio and excellent linear properties corresponding to conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT and MOSHEMT. The figure-of-merit metrics such as VIP2, VIP3, IIP3 and IDM3 are performed for different drain to source voltages (VDS) of 2.5V, 5V and 10V. All the modeling and simulation results are generated by Commercial Silvaco TCAD and found to be satisfactory in terms of high frequency and power applications. The present GR-MOSHEMT device shows a superior performance with a threshold voltage of 0.5V, Current density of 888 mA, high transconductance of 225 mS/mm and high unit gain cut-off frequency of 0.91GHz. The results of the developed AlGaN/GaN GR-MOSHEMT considerably improves the device performance and also suitable for high power distortion less RF applications.
An Adaptive Genetic Algorithm-based Background Elimination Model for English Text
Authors: Xiaohui Tang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an adaptive genetic algorithm is used to conduct an in-depth study and analysis of English text background elimination, and a corresponding model is designed. The curve results after the initial character editorialization are curved and transformed, and the adaptive genetic algorithm is used for the transformation to solve the influence of multiple inflection points of curve images on feature extraction. Then, using the minimum deviation method, the error values of the input characters and the sample set in the spatial coordinate system are calculated, and the deviation values of the angle and the straight line are used to match the characters with the smallest deviation value to match the highest degree. A genetic algorithm is introduced to iterate the feature sets of angles and line segments, and the optimal features are finally derived in the process of cross evolution of generations to improve the recognition accuracy. And the character library is used as input items for average grouping for experiments, and the obtained feature sets are put into the position matrix and compared with the samples in the database one by one. It is found that the improved stroke-structure feature extraction algorithm based on a genetic algorithm can improve the recognition accuracy and better accomplish the recognition task with better results compared to others. Finally, by analyzing the limitations and characteristics of traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm and differential evolution algorithm, and giving full play to the advantages and applicability of different algorithms, a new differential evolution particle swarm algorithm with better performance and more stable performance is proposed. The algorithm is based on the PSO algorithm, and when the population update of the PSO algorithm is stagnant and the search space is limited, the crossover and mutation operations of the DE algorithm are used to perturb the population, increase the diversity of the population, and improve the global optimization ability of the algorithm. The algorithm is tested on a common dataset for text mining to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm.
Soil moisture data using citizen science technology cross-validated by satellite data
Authors: Karamouz Mohammad , Ebrahimi Elham , Ghomlaghi Arash 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Soil moisture represents many attributes of the geo-hydrological cycle and the climate system. Citizen science through social media as an emerging tool could be utilized to collect soil moisture data. A pilot study area was selected in Shahriar, Iran. A user interface and a sampling process (use of citizen science by subscribers) were designed to analyze the subjective and gravimetric soil moisture data. Furthermore, explanatory moisture condition (EMC), a new initiative to consider land use in soil moisture information from vegetation cover, was evaluated. A statistical artificial neural network was used for quantifying subjective data, and soil moisture layouts were produced by utilizing the ordinary kriging (OK) method. For cross-validating, the land surface temperature data from the MODIS satellite were retrieved. A platform for the region with 200 m grids resolution to collect daily soil moisture at eight ungauged stations is proposed to utilize subjective data from the subscribers and cross-validated with satellite data. A virtual station at the centroid of the pervious part of the study area was selected as a reference station for data collection daily or weekly to generate soil moisture time series. The results showed a high potential of utilizing satellite and citizen science data for real-time estimation of scarce soil moisture data in developing regions.
Water, sanitation, and hygiene in healthcare centres: appraisal in a pandemic
Authors: Odjegba Enovwo E. , Bankole Abayomi O. , Layi-Adigun Barakat O. , Dada Victoria O. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities in Primary Healthcare Centres (PHCs) and water source quality in parts of Southwestern Nigeria was conducted. Sixty-one PHCs in urban and rural areas were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. A WASH profile of the PHCs was conducted based on the water source type, type of toilet facilities, and handwashing practice using the Joint Monitoring Programme service ladder for monitoring WASH services in healthcare facilities. Water sources were tested for pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, chloride, nitrate, and E. coli. Boreholes and hand-dug wells are the most prevalent water source type, and flush toilets and pit latrines are the major types of toilet facilities used. All but two PHCs engaged in handwashing practices. Water quality analysis results showed that chloride, nitrate, and turbidity were within the WHO drinking-water standards. Poor water quality and sanitation practices could expose health staff and patients to healthcare-associated infections. The study recommends the construction of safe, secure and accessible water sources and toilet facilities, provision of water treatment facilities, and the training of staff and patients on the significance of handwashing practices.
Evaluating the biological efficacy of a ballast water management system using filtration and electro-catalysis with an accurate definition of holding time
Authors: Wu Huixian , Cheng Fangping , Wang Qiong , Chen Yan , Yuan Lin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We employed a mesoscale experimental system and enriched natural plankton communities to investigate the efficacy of a type of ballast-water management system (BWMS) that uses a combination of filtration and electro-catalysis as the treatment technology. The water samples were collected immediately after treatment and at discharge to measure the biological efficiency of this BWMS. The main hydro chemical parameters, the TRO concentration and the plankton species composition before and after the ballast treatment process, were measured. After treatment, the concentration of TRO remained at a high level of 1.690 ± 0.573 (SD) mg/L. The biological efficacy of ballast water after treatment at holding times of 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, and 50 min were measured. Holding time significantly impacted the biological efficacy. The discharged, treated water satisfied the D-2 standard of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) after 50 minutes of holding time.
Better Performance with Transformer: CPPFormer in the Precise
Prediction of Cell-penetrating Peptides
Authors: Xue Yuyang , Ye Xiucai , Wei Lesong , Zhang Xin , Sakurai Tetsuya , Wei Leyi 
Published: September 2021

:
Owing to its superior performance, the Transformer model, based on the 'Encoder-
Decoder' paradigm, has become the mainstream model in natural language processing.
However, bioinformatics has embraced machine learning and has led to remarkable progress
in drug design and protein property prediction. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are a type
of permeable protein that is a convenient 'postman' in drug penetration tasks. However, only
a few CPPs have been discovered, limiting their practical applications in drug permeability.
CPPs have led to a new approach that enables the uptake of only macromolecules into cells
(i.e., without other potentially harmful materials found in the drug).
Most previous studies have utilized trivial machine learning techniques and hand-crafted
features to construct a simple classifier. CPPFormer was constructed by implementing the
attention structure of the Transformer, rebuilding the network based on the characteristics
of CPPs according to their short length, and using an automatic feature extractor with a
few manually engineered features to co-direct the predicted results. Compared to all previous
methods and other classic text classification models, the empirical results show that
our proposed deep model-based method achieves the best performance, with an accuracy
of 92.16% in the CPP924 dataset, and passes various index tests.
Therapeutic Targets for Phenolic Compounds from Agro-industrial
By-products against Obesity
Authors: de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea María , Fernández-Ochoa Álvaro , del Carmen Villegas-Aguilar María , Arráez-Román David , Segura-Carretero Antonio 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Obesity is considered a global epidemic. This disorder is associated
with several health effects, such as metabolic disturbances that need both prevention
and treatment actions. In this sense, bioactive secondary metabolites can be obtained
from cheap sources such as agro-industrial waste, providing a sustainable alternative
against obesity. Among these secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds present a common
chemical structure core with different substitutions that provide them with biological
properties such as antioxidant, inflammatory, and anti-aging capacities.

Objective:
The aim of this review is to compile anti-obesity therapeutic targets for phenolic compounds
from agro-industrial by-products.

Method:
Scientific information has been obtained
from different databases, such as Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar, in order to
select the available full-text studies conducted in the last few years. Results

Results:
This review shows that peel, seed, pomace and other byproducts from agro-industry have different effects inhibiting enzymes related to lipid or glucose metabolism and modulating biomarkers, genes and gut microbiota in animal models.

Conclusion:
Revalorizing actions of
agro-industrial byproducts in the prevention or treatment of obesity or associated disorders
can be considered to develop new high value products that act on lipid, glucose and
energy metabolisms, oxidative stress, inflammation, adipose tissue or gut microbiota.
However, further human studies are needed in order to establish the optimal administration
parameters.
Peptide Based Therapy for Neurological Disorders
Authors: Yadav Asmita , Pandey Damini , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Rachana  
Published: September 2021

:
Peptides are small molecules composed of amino acids linked together by peptide
bonds. The targeted action of these peptides along with their magnificent ability to reach locations
in the body that are complicated to access, is being considered of tremendous potential in disease
modifying therapies. Synthetic as well as natural peptides like Carnosine are currently under research
for the treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders (NDDs). Peptide based vaccines are currently
under immense research for diseases like dementia. Toxicity of peptide-based drugs towards
eukaryotic cells due to their increased haemolytic activity is of major concern and this is being
tackled by introducing modifications into the peptide structure. Some crucial peptide inhibitors
currently in use for neurodegenerative disorders include Aβ (16-20) KLVFF for Alzheimer’s disease,
NAPVSIPQ (NAP) for Parkinson’s disease, towards eukaryotic cells Vasoactive Intestinal
Peptides (VIP) for Huntington’s disease, Polyglutamine Binding Peptide-1(QBP1) for Dentatorubral-
pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA). Certain peptides are involved in inhibition of Mitochondrial
Permeability Transition (MPT) that plays a prominent part in the materialization of neurodegenerative
diseases, one such example of peptides being Ba-V which is obtained from Bothrops atrox
snake venom. New therapeutic peptides are being identified using bioinformatics tools like High
Throughput Screening (HTS). These tools are being used to explore the selectivity, stability, extent
of immune response and toxic side effects of peptides. Apart from neurodegenerative diseases, the
potential of bioactive peptides is also being tested against cancer, diabetes and microbes. This review
focuses on the recent advances in peptide therapeutics and novel peptides discovered for the
treatment of NDs.
The Value of Arterial Spin Labeling Imaging in the Classification and
Prognostic Evaluation of Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Wang Jianing , Li Jia , Yin Xiaoping , Zhou Huan , Zheng Yating , Ma Xi , Liu Huaijun 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
This study aims to investigate the correlation between cerebral blood flow
(CBF) values and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
(HIE), the relationship between early CBF value changes and the prognosis of neonatal
HIE, and the consistency between the clinical grading and magnetic resonance (MR) grading of
HIE.

Methods:
Forty neonates with HIE were scanned using the three-dimensional arterial spin labeling
(ASL) sequencing of the cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). These newborns were classified
as having mild, moderate and severe HIE, according to the clinical grading, and as being normal
or having mild, moderate, or severe HIE, according to the MRI grading. Then, the consistency
of these two grading systems was compared. Afterwards, the differences in the CBF values of neonates
in groups with mild, moderate and severe HIE were compared. In addition, these neonates
were grouped according to their NBNA scores. A score of ≥35 was considered a good prognosis,
while a score of ≤35 was considered a poor prognosis. The differences in CBF values between these
two groups were compared, and the correlation between the CBF values and NBNA scores was
determined.

Results:
There was a strong consistency between the evaluation results for the clinical grading and
MR grading (kappa value = 0.672, P<0.001). The differences in CBF values for the basal ganglia
(BG) area and thalamus, and the differences in NBNA scores for groups with mild, moderate, or severe
HIE were statistically significant (P<0.05). The differences between the poor prognosis group
and the good prognosis group, in terms of the CBF values for the BG area and thalamus, and the
NBNA scores were statistically significant (P<0.05). The CBF values in the BG region and thalamus
were closely and negatively correlated with the NBNA scores.

Conclusion:
Early CBF values in the BG area and thalamus can objectively and visually reflect the
severity of the HIE, and be used to predict the outcome of functional brain damage, allowing early
neuroprotective treatment to be initiated. The higher the perfusion in the BG region and thalamus,
the lower the NBNA score, and the worse the prognosis would likely be. ASL combined with the
NBNA score provides a more comprehensive classification for HIE and a more accurate assessment
of the clinical prognosis, providing more medical imaging information for early clinical treatment.