bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐Life experience with hydroxyurea in patients with sickle cell disease: Results from the prospective ESCORT‐HU cohort study
Authors: de Montalembert Mariane , Voskaridou Ersi , Oevermann Lena , Cannas Giovanna , Habibi Anoosha , Loko Gylna , Joseph Laure , Colombatti Raffaella , Bartolucci Pablo , Brousse Valentine , Galactéros Frédéric ,   All ESCORT HU Investigators
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeveral controlled studies have evidenced good efficacy and short‐term and mid‐term safety profiles for hydroxyurea (HU), which has become the cornerstone for prevention of sickle‐cell disease (SCD)‐related vaso‐occlusive crises. However, there are few large‐scale reports on its long‐term use and certain caregivers and patients have concerns about its safety. Following the licensing of HU in Europe for children and adults with severe forms of SCD, ESCORT‐HU was designed as a Phase IV observational cohort study. It included 1906 participants, of whom 55% were adults. The most common hemoglobin (Hb) genotypes were HbSS (84.7%) and HbSβ+ (7.0%). The median duration of follow‐up was 45 months, for a total of 7309 patient‐years of observation. The dose of HU after 1 year was 20.6 mg/kg/d for children and 16.3 mg/kg/d for adults. There was a statistically significant decrease in the number of vaso‐occlusive episodes lasting >48 h, acute chest syndrome episodes, hospitalizations, and the percentage of patients requiring blood transfusions within the first 12 months relative to the year before enrolment. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were the most commonly reported adverse effects. No new HU toxicity was identified. Overall, 125 pregnancies were reported in 101 women and no malformations were observed in the neonates. There were 12 pregnancies for partners of male patients treated with HU. One case of fatal myelodysplastic syndrome was reported, for which a causal association with HU could not be excluded. This cohort study of patients with SCD highlights the positive benefit‐to‐risk ratio of HU in children and adults.
A fluorinated chitosan‐based QuEChERS method for simultaneous determination of 20 organophosphorus pesticide residues in ginseng using GC–MS/MS
Authors: Yao Yunheng , Bai Longlv , Tian Haifeng , Wu Xinzi , Zhang Nianjie , Wu Lunpeng , Jia Yifan , Ren Xiuli 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, a new fluorinated methacrylamide (MACF) was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent in the dispersive solid‐phase extraction for the effective determination and extraction of 20 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) from ginseng samples using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe) method coupled with GC–MS/MS. The properties of MACF were characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and high‐resolution 19F NMR. MACF, chitosan, primary and secondary amine, octadecylsilane, graphitized carbon black, Z‐Sep, Z‐Sep+, and EMR‐Lipid were compared in terms of extraction efficiency. The best results were obtained when MACF was used. Matrix‐matched calibration was employed for quantification. All the OPPs exhibited good linearity (r2 > 0.9969) with the concentration at their respective concentration ranges. The limits of detection were 1.5–3.0 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification were 5.0–10.0 μg/kg. The trueness of the 20 pesticides at four spiked levels ranged from 86.1 to 111.1%, and the relative standard deviation was less than 11.3%. The modified QuEChERS method using MACF as the adsorbent was sensitive, reliable, and cost‐effective and could be used for the determination of 20 OPP residues in ginseng.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement has not helped bridge the racial disparity gap
Authors: Postalian Alexander , Krajcer Zvonimir 
Published: July 2021

Key Points
Differences in health outcomes by race and income are a significant public health problem.
The authors determined that the advent of TAVR has not significantly bridged the racial inequity gap for patients with aortic stenosis, probably because low‐income individuals have similarly limited access to both TAVR and SAVR.
Efforts to reduce this inequality must continue, and much more impactful changes than the introduction of a new procedure will be required.
Development of thalamus mediates paternal age effect on offspring reading: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Xia Zhichao , Wang Cheng , Hancock Roeland , Vandermosten Maaike , Hoeft Fumiko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe importance of (inherited) genetic impact in reading development is well established. De novo mutation is another important contributor that is recently gathering interest as a major liability of neurodevelopmental disorders, but has been neglected in reading research to date. Paternal age at childbirth (PatAGE) is known as the most prominent risk factor for de novo mutation, which has been repeatedly shown by molecular genetic studies. As one of the first efforts, we performed a preliminary investigation of the relationship between PatAGE, offspring's reading, and brain structure in a longitudinal neuroimaging study following 51 children from kindergarten through third grade. The results showed that greater PatAGE was significantly associated with worse reading, explaining an additional 9.5% of the variance after controlling for a number of confounds—including familial factors and cognitive‐linguistic reading precursors. Moreover, this effect was mediated by volumetric maturation of the left posterior thalamus from ages 5 to 8. Complementary analyses indicated the PatAGE‐related thalamic region was most likely located in the pulvinar nuclei and related to the dorsal attention network by using brain atlases, public datasets, and offspring's diffusion imaging data. Altogether, these findings provide novel insights into neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the PatAGE effect on reading acquisition during its earliest phase and suggest promising areas of future research.
Did the ACA's “guaranteed issue” provision cause adverse selection into nongroup insurance? Analysis using a copula‐based hurdle model
Authors: Marra Giampiero , Radice Rosalba , Zimmer David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrior to the Affordable Care Act (ACA), insurance companies could charge higher premiums, or outright deny coverage, to people with preexisting health problems. But the ACA's “guaranteed issue” provision forbids such price discrimination and denials of coverage. This paper seeks to determine whether, after implementation of the ACA, nongroup private insurance plans have experienced adverse selection. Our empirical approach employs a copula‐based hurdle regression model, with dependence modeled as a function of dimensions along which adverse selection might occur. Our main finding is that, after implementation of the ACA, nongroup insurance enrollees with preexisting health problems do not appear to exhibit adverse selection. This finding suggests that the ACA's mandate that everyone acquire coverage might have attracted enough healthy enrollees to offset any adverse selection.
Developing machine learning‐based snow depletion curves and analysing their sensitivity over complex mountainous areas
Authors: Hou Jinliang , Huang Chunlin , Chen Weijing , Zhang Ying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA snow depletion curve (SDC), the relationship between snow mass (e.g., snow depth [SD]) and fractional snow cover area (SCF), is essential to parameterize the effect of snowpack within a physically based snow model. Existing SDCs are constructed using traditional statistic methods may not be applicable in complex mountainous areas. In this study, we developed an information fusion framework to define the relationship between SCF and SD as well as 12 auxiliary factors by using a traditional statistical method and four prevailing machine learning (ML) algorithms, which have comprehensively considered the variable conditions that cause spatiotemporal heterogeneity of snow cover. We also performed a single‐dimensional sensitivity analysis to investigate the physical rationality of the newly developed SDCs. The Northern Xinjiang, Northwest China, is selected as the study area, and the data from 46 meteorological stations covering five snow seasons from 2010 to 2015 are used. The results illustrated that ML techniques can be used to establish high‐accuracy and robust SDCs for complex mountainous areas. Compared with SDCs constructed by traditional statistical, the performance of the four ML‐based SDCs is significantly improved, the RMSE values can be reduced by 50%, R2 above 0.75, and an average relative variance close to 0. ML‐based SDCs predicted SCF values showed a range of sensitivities to different input variables (e.g., Land surface temperature, aspect, longwave radiation and land cover type), in addition to SD, that were physically representative of effects that snow cover is sensitive to. Moreover, the complexity of SDCs can be reduced by removing insensitive input variables.
Identification of earthworm species in sand‐topdressed hybrid bermudagrass golf tees
Authors: Boyle Paige , Savin Mary , Richardson Michael , Karcher Douglas E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOn golf courses, casting – the egestion of feces – by earthworms on the turfgrass surface can affect playability, growth, and maintenance. The earthworm species responsible for surface casting vary depending on location, climate and weather, soil texture, and turfgrass management practices. The objective of this study was to determine earthworm density and species composition in native soil and sand‐based golf tees managed under different sand topdressing rates (heavy at 2.54 cm yr–1 or light at 0.64 cm yr–1) in Fayetteville, AR. Earthworms were collected December 2016 by hand sorting and identified using DNA extraction and sequencing. Light sand topdressing resulted in significantly greater earthworm density. Soil rootzone did not affect earthworm density, which may have resulted from variability in earthworm populations sampled. All communities were comprised primarily of Diplocardia spp.; however, lightly topdressed treatments included Bimastos parvus (Eisen, 1874) and both topdressing treatments included Microscolex phosphoreus (Dugès, 1837). Amynthas spp. were present in all treatments except the heavily topdressed native soil treatment.
Recessive white plumage color mutation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) revealed morphological variations in the oropharyngeal roof structures, accompanied by behavioral differences
Authors: Sayed Ramy K. A. , El Shoukary Ramadan D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGenetic background of experimental animals contributes mainly to the variations in the experimental outcomes. Therefore, quails of two lines of plumage color (brown and recessive white) were studied to investigate the impact of plumage color mutations on the morphological structures of the oropharyngeal roof and also on the ingestive behavior and quail performance. Feeding intake and feed conversion ratio were higher in the brown quails, associated with nonsignificant increase of the live body weight and body weight gain. In the recessive white quails, ingestive behaviors revealed significant declines. The roof of the oropharynx roof was significantly longer in the recessive white quails; however, the upper beak was significantly longer and narrower in the brown ones. The length of the palate and pharynx showed nonsignificant increase in the recessive white quails. The median palatine ridge was formed of rostral continuous and caudal interrupted parts, and the lengths of these parts were slightly higher in the recessive white quails, meanwhile the lateral palatine ridge length showed a slight increase in the brown birds. Openings of intraepithelial glands were more numerous in the recessive white quails. The brown quails demonstrated more detectable and larger caudally directed conical shaped palatine and pharyngeal papillae, in addition to more considerable palatine salivary glands openings. The infundibular cleft was significantly wider in the recessive white quails, where its edges were characterized by lack of the pharyngeal papillae. The findings of this study will be beneficial for the breeders during selection the suitable quail lines for meat production purposes.
Starch‐based antifungal edible coatings to control sour rot caused by Geotrichum citri‐aurantii and maintain postharvest quality of ‘Fino’ lemon
Authors: Soto‐Muñoz Lourdes , Martínez‐Blay Victoria , Pérez‐Gago María B , Fernández‐Catalán Asunción , Argente‐Sanchis Maricruz , Palou Lluís 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTwo edible coating (EC) emulsions based on potato starch (F6 and F10) alone or formulated with sodium benzoate (SB, 2% w/w) (F6/SB and F10/SB) were evaluated to maintain postharvest quality of cold‐stored ‘Fino’ lemons and control sour rot on lemons artificially inoculated with Geotrichum citri‐aurantii. Previous research showed the potential of these ECs to improve the storability of ‘Orri’ mandarins and reduce citrus green and blue molds caused by Penicillum digitatum and Penicillium italicum, respectively.RESULTSThe coatings F6/SB and F10/SB significantly reduced sour rot incidence and severity compared to uncoated control samples on lemons incubated at 28 °C for 4 and 7 days. The F6/SB coating reduced weight loss and gas exchange compared to uncoated fruit after 2 and 4 weeks of storage at 12 °C plus a shelf life of 1 week at 20 °C, without adversely affecting the lemon physicochemical quality.CONCLUSIONOverall, the F6/SB coating formulation, composed of pregelatinized potato starch, glyceryl monostearate, glycerol, emulsifiers and SB, with a total solid content of 5.5%, showed the best results in reducing citrus sour rot and maintaining the postharvest quality of cold‐stored ‘Fino’ lemons. Therefore, it showed potential as a new cost‐effective postharvest treatment suitable to be included in integrated disease management programs for citrus international markets with zero tolerance to chemical residues. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Telemonitoring via Questionnaires Reduces Outpatient Healthcare Consumption in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wijers Anke , Hochstenbach Laura , Tissingh Gerrit 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is best managed by neurologists, traditionally including frequent doctor–patient contact. Because of a rise in PD prevalence and associated healthcare costs, this personnel‐intensive care may not be future proof. Telemedicine tools for home monitoring have shown to reduce healthcare consumption in several chronic diseases and also seem promising for PD.ObjectiveTo explore whether telemonitoring can reduce outpatient healthcare consumption in PD.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study with 116 outpatients with PD who used the telemedicine tool “myParkinsoncoach.” The tool involved periodic monitoring, feedback, knowledge modules, and text message functionality. Retrospective data about PD‐related healthcare consumption in the year before and after introduction of the tool were retrieved from the hospital information system. Additional data about tool‐related activities performed by nursing staff were logged prospectively for 3 months.ResultsThere was a 29% reduction in the number of outpatient visits (P < 0.001) in the year after introduction of the tool compared with the year before. A 39% reduction was seen in overall PD‐related healthcare costs (P = 0.001). Similar results were found for patients ≥70 years old. Nursing staff spent on average 15.5 minutes per patient a month on monitoring the tool and follow‐up activities.ConclusionsStudy results demonstrate a significant reduction in PD‐related healthcare consumption using telemonitoring. Notably, these results were also found in elderly patients. Further research is needed to confirm these findings, preferably taking a broader perspective on healthcare consumption and within a larger, multicenter and prospective setup.
Same‐day discharge across FPMRS surgical cases is safe and feasible: A 10‐year single‐surgeon experience
Authors: Zillioux Jacqueline , Werneburg Glenn T. , Goldman Howard B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionEnhanced recovery after surgery protocols and increased attention to value‐based care have led to the reconsideration of routine postoperative admission in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) cases. We aimed to assess trends in same‐day discharge (SDD) and associated readmissions and emergency room visits in a single‐surgeon 10‐year experience.MethodsThe electronic medical record was queried for 30‐day outcomes (readmission and emergency department visits with associated indications) for all cases performed between June 2010 and August 2020 by a single FPMRS surgeon. Non‐FPMRS specialty cases were excluded. Patient characteristics and 30‐day outcomes were compared based on SDD status for the overall cohort as well as the subset of cases traditionally involving an overnight stay (i.e., robotic transabdominal, apical prolapse repair).Results1793 surgeries were identified and analyzed, including 357 apical prolapse repairs, 370 slings, 392 neuromodulation and 114 complex mesh excisions. The majority (79.1%) had SDD. For admitted patients, mean length of stay was 1.5 (1.3) days. Among cases traditionally involving overnight stay, rates of SDD were significantly higher in 2020 than 2010 (84% vs. 32%, p < 0.001), and increased over time. Overall rates of 30‐day readmission and ED visits were low (1.9% and 2.6%, respectively) and did not differ based on SDD status (p = 0.76). Readmissions occurred at mean 11.6 (7.0) days, most commonly for urinary tract infection (13/34).ConclusionsSDD is not associated with increased 30‐day readmission or ED visits across a wide breadth of FPMRS cases. SDD is safe and feasible in the majority of FPMRS cases.
Registration of ‘Lang‐MN’ hard red spring wheat
Authors: Anderson J.A. , Wiersma J.J. , Reynolds S.K. , Conley E.J. , Caspers R. , Linkert G.L. , Kolmer J.A. , Jin Y. , Rouse M.N. , Dill‐Macky R. , Smith M.J. , Dykes L. , Ohm J.‐B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFusarium head blight continues to be a threat to spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the north‐central region of the United States. ‘Lang‐MN’ (Reg. no. CV‐1182, PI 687038) hard red spring wheat was released by the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in 2017 because it combines the best available Fusarium head blight resistance with high grain yield, grain protein concentration, and good end‐use quality characteristics. Lang‐MN is a mid‐late maturity cultivar that also has acceptable lodging resistance despite its above average plant height owing to its lack of the semi‐dwarfing genes Rht‐B1 or Rht‐D1 but presence of Rht24. Lang‐MN has good resistance to the prevalent races of leaf rust, stripe rust, and stem rust and is well adapted to the north‐central United States.
Autonomous 3D geometry reconstruction through robot-manipulated optical sensors
Authors: Mineo Carmelo , Cerniglia Donatella , Ricotta Vito , Reitinger Bernhard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany industrial sectors face increasing production demands and the need to reduce costs, without compromising the quality. The use of robotics and automation has grown significantly in recent years, but versatile robotic manipulators are still not commonly used in small factories. Beside of the investments required to enable efficient and profitable use of robot technology, the efforts needed to program robots are only economically viable in case of large lot sizes. Generating robot programs for specific manufacturing tasks still relies on programming trajectory waypoints by hand. The use of virtual simulation software and the availability of the specimen digital models can facilitate robot programming. Nevertheless, in many cases, the virtual models are not available or there are excessive differences between virtual and real setups, leading to inaccurate robot programs and time-consuming manual corrections. Previous works have demonstrated the use of robot-manipulated optical sensors to map the geometry of samples. However, the use of simple user-defined robot paths, which are not optimized for a specific part geometry, typically causes some areas of the samples to not be mapped with the required level of accuracy or to not be sampled at all by the optical sensor. This work presents an autonomous framework to enable adaptive surface mapping, without any previous knowledge of the part geometry being transferred to the system. The novelty of this work lies in enabling the capability of mapping a part surface at the required level of sampling density, whilst minimizing the number of necessary view poses. Its development has also led to an efficient method of point cloud down-sampling and merging. The article gives an overview of the related work in the field, a detailed description of the proposed framework and a proof of its functionality through both simulated and experimental evidences.
New drawbead tester and numerical analysis of drawbead closure force
Authors: Gil Imanol , Mendiguren Joseba , Galdos Lander , Mugarra Endika , Saenz de Argandoña Eneko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCurrently, a great deal of controversy exists regarding the real forces generated in drawbeads during sheet metal forming processes. The present work focuses on the analysis of the uplift force. First, a detailed literature review is carried out to analyse previous experimental procedures used to measure uplift forces. It is found that previous setups do not perfectly replicate the real geometry of industrial drawbeads. In order to obtain reliable forces, an experimental drawbead tester capable of adequately replicating industrial drawbeads is developed. Later, a variety of steels ranging from mild steels to 3rd-generation ultra-high-strength steels are tested and reliable uplift and also restraining force values are obtained. The main purpose of the work is to share with the research community reliable experimental data that allows precise evaluation of the accuracy of current drawbead models and that supports the generation of new numerical and equivalent drawbead models. In parallel to the experimental procedure, a step forward in the understanding of the drawbead closing phenomena is also achieved through a 2D numerical model. The main purpose of the model is to identify the variables that greatly affect uplift force. Going beyond previous studies, in which some variables were analysed, the present work covers, in a holistic manner, the impact that material properties, the geometry of drawbeads and contact behaviour between sheet and drawbead have on the uplift force. It is determined that surprisingly minor geometrical deviations in the drawbead nominal geometry have a large impact on the uplift force.
Fear and loathing in VR: the emotional and physiological effects of immersive games
Authors: Lemmens Jeroen S. , Simon Monika , Sumter Sindy R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCompared to traditional screen-based media, virtual reality (VR) generally leads to stronger feelings of presence. The current study aimed to investigate whether playing games in VR resulted in a stronger sense of presence than playing on a TV, and whether these feelings of presence affected players’ emotional and physiological responses to the games. Two experiments were conducted among 128 students, comparing the effects of playing either a survival horror game (N = 59) or a first-person shooter (N = 69) on a TV or in VR on physiological and subjective fear, hostility and enjoyment. Results showed that playing games in VR resulted in a stronger sense of presence, lower heart rate variability and a stronger subjective sense of fear. The feeling of presence thereby mediated the effects of VR on fear. The effects of playing a first-person shooter in VR on hostility were mixed, and gaming in VR was not more enjoyable than on TV. Regardless of the type of game or display medium, hostility increased significantly post-play. This study provides evidence that commercial VR games can affect feelings of presence and the physiological and emotional state of players.