bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enjeux et perspectives en éducation thérapeutique du patient : des soignants formés en sciences de l’éducation
Authors: Baeza Carole 
Published: May 2021

Du fait du développement des formations initiales et continues en éducation thérapeutique, la question de la professionnalisation des soignants est devenue un nouvel enjeu social. En effet, la toute dernière loi de santé publique du 21 juillet 2009 reconnaît l’éducation thérapeutique du patient comme une discipline à part entière et ainsi, promeut une éducation du soin complémentaire à l’offre médicale actuelle. Des soignants soucieux d’élargir leurs pratiques curatives aux dimensions caratives font le choix de s’inscrire dans des formations à dominante éducative et notamment, pour ce qui nous concerne ici, en Sciences de l’éducation. Nous sommes en présence d’un changement de paradigme puisque l’éducation thérapeutique nous amène à jeter des ponts entre la clinique du sujet (une rencontre en parité pour construire des savoirs de protection et d’auto-soin au bénéfice du patient) et les soins curatifs (la connaissance de la maladie et le traitement). Pour un soignant, l’éducation l’amène à reconsidérer sa pratique d’accompagnement, le chemin qu’il doit partager avec le patient dans l’élaboration et le vécu de son itinéraire de soin. Pour mieux comprendre ces enjeux et le devenir de soignants formés en Sciences de l’éducation, nous avons mené une étude qualitative auprès des deux premières promotions d’étudiants soignants nouvellement diplômés pour les années 2008/2010 à l’université de Rouen. Nous esquisserons leurs « mouvements » professionnels et identitaires autour de l’exercice de cette nouvelle activité.
Par-delà l’adéquationnisme méthodologique. Revisiter les médiations entre formation et emploi
Authors: Frétigné Cédric 
Published: May 2021

Le texte entreprend d’analyser les tenants et aboutissants d’une forme continuée d’« adéquationnisme méthodologique » qui organise encore une partie de la recherche et informe toujours les politiques publiques en matière d’articulation entre formation et emploi. La première partie rend compte de la postérité de l’esprit adéquationniste dans les travaux conduits dans le domaine des relations formation-emploi. Elle précise dans quelle mesure il est structurant des politiques publiques d’emploi en direction des demandeurs d’emploi, repère les impasses et rend compte des motifs pour lesquels les décideurs politiques et responsables administratifs continuent à s’y référer. Ensuite, deux approches alternatives sont détaillées. Toutes deux sont centrées sur la « socialisation professionnelle ». Elles s’attachent à rester hors de prise de l’adéquationnisme méthodologique.
La situation d’enseignement-apprentissage : caractères contextuels et construits
Authors: Bru Marc , Clanet Joël 
Published: May 2021

La situation rend compte de nombre de conditions et de processus (sociaux, psychologiques, organisationnels, matériels…) dans et avec lesquels se déploient les pratiques enseignantes dans leurs relations aux conduites d’apprentissage. Parmi les dimensions dynamiques caractérisant la situation, nous avons repéré que certaines d’entre elles étaient davantage organisatrices de configurations de pratiques que les autres : la gestion temporelle, la tâche en jeu et les interactions maître-élèves(s) et élève-maître. Des modalités interactives à l’initiative du maître, en lien avec certains degrés de difficulté rencontrée par les élèves face à la tâche proposée par l’enseignant permettent par exemple d’expliquer le degré de maîtrise de la lecture en fin d’année scolaire. La situation ne saurait donc se résumer aux seules données contextuelles caractérisant les conditions dans lesquelles s’actualisent des conduites d’enseignement et/ou d’apprentissage car la situation est construite par les acteurs et tout particulièrement par celui qui porte la charge de la faire fonctionner : l’enseignant.
Loris Malaguzzi, un pédagogue contemporain
Authors: Dubois Emilie 
Published: May 2021

Depuis 1963, la ville de Reggio Emilia, au Nord de l’Italie, est le théâtre d’une expérience originale en matière d’éducation préscolaire. Un véritable réseau de trente-quatre institutions d’accueil municipal (crèches et écoles maternelles) s’est créé en mettant au point une pédagogie toute particulière, une pédagogie souvent décrite comme alternative. Loris Malaguzzi (1920-1994), le fondateur de cette approche, très inspiré par les grandes figures de l’Éducation nouvelle, toujours à la recherche de nouveaux possibles pour la réalisation de son rêve pédagogique, à la pointe des nouveautés scientifiques en matière d’éducation enfantine, a mené un véritable combat pour offrir aux enfants de sa ville des institutions de très haute qualité. Alors, qui était vraiment ce personnage, au cœur de ce grand succès pédagogique ? Allons à la rencontre de ce pédagogue hors du commun, qui a mis au point un système alternatif qui fonctionne, mais surtout qui dure depuis plus de quarante-cinq ans.
Introduction : Pour un programme d’inspiration cavellienne d’analyse des séries TV
Authors: Corcuff Philippe , Laugier Sandra 
Published: May 2021

Cet article introductif propose un aperçu synthétique des apports de Stanley Cavell dans ses dialogues entre philosophie et cinéma. Il insiste sur le roc de l’ordinaire (dans le sillage d’Emerson, Thoreau, Wittgenstein et Austin), sur les liens entre perfectionnisme moral et radicalité démocratique, sur sa portée éducative et auto-éducative, ainsi que sur l’importance de considérer les cultures ordinaires (cinéma, séries TV, etc.) comme de véritables arts démocratiques. Il dessine ensuite ce que pourraient être certains axes d’un programme d’inspiration cavellienne d’étude des séries TV pour la philosophie et les sciences sociales. Enfin, il présente les différentes contributions de ce numéro de TV/Series consacré à « Perfectionnisme et séries télévisées. Hommage à Stanley Cavell (1926-2018) ».
Bons voisinages dans Show me a hero
Authors: Wahnich Sophie 
Published: May 2021

La mini-série Show Me a Hero, est un produit HBO crée par David Simon et réalisée par Paul Haggis. La ségrégation y est mise en scène à Yonkers, ville du nord de l’Etat de New York, voisine de New York City. Le regard porté sur le voisinage se fait sur plusieurs échelles spatiales et plusieurs représentations temporelles entre un passé proche, celui des années 1980 qui sont celles de l’intrigue, notre présent qui motive la réalisation de cette mini-série, les traces d’un passé tragique plus lointain.L’article explicite pourquoi cette mini-série peut faire partie de la liste que Stanley Cavell donnait à ses étudiants pour définir le perfectionnisme sans donner de définition. Sont ainsi examinés les politiques publiques de déségrégation comme processus du perfectionnisme collectif, mais aussi les trajectoires de rédemption de personnages qui soit refusent les housing projects soit en ont cruellement besoin. La question des visages et des émotions qui traversent les sujets pensants est à cet égard déterminante pour comprendre comment le jugement réflexif est aussi un jugement par les émotions qui font basculer les trajectoires individuelles. Des victimes peuvent se ressaisir de leur vie, se politiser, ou simplement se « perfectionner », des personnages terrifiants peuvent aussi devenir aimables. Il s’agit de comprendre la compétence perfectionniste d’une communauté d’habitants.
Doit-on regarder Mad Men ?
Authors: Mena Ignasi , Ramoneda Toni 
Published: May 2021

Cet article explore des concepts centraux du perfectionnisme moral de Stanley Cavell à partir d’une question : qu’est-ce que cela veut dire regarder Mad Men dans l’intimité ? La représentation de l’ordinaire, de la famille, de l’âge adulte, du genre ou des questions sociales proposée par la série de Mathew Wiener n’appelle pas tant à une critique de ce monde qu’à l’acceptation, ou au partage, de ce qui est montré à l’écran. Cette Amérique représentée – ses mots, ses actes, ses péchés - est-elle un endroit que le public peut appeler chez lui ? Afin de répondre, le public doit suivre la vie de Don Draper, et finalement découvrir que Draper n'est pas une essence mais une quête - de lui-même, de sa maison. On peut alors dire que Mad Men confronte les téléspectateurs à l'irréalité de leur (celui de tout le monde) présent, en montrant qu'un nouveau Draper, ou une nouvelle Amérique, apparaît « là-bas », loin, parce que nous ne sommes pas capables de le voir (le vivre, le créer) ici, près de nous, dans l’intimité.
Black Mirror (S03E01) ou de l'imperfectionnisme moral à l'écran. Quelles voies pour une vie bonne et connectée ?
Authors: Allard Laurence 
Published: May 2021

Cet article voudrait s'attarder sur un épisode bien connu la série britannique Black Mirror, créée Charlie Brooker et diffusée sur Channel 4 (2011-2014), puis sur Netflix (2016-), « Nosedive » (ou « Chute libre »), premier épisode de la troisième saison (2016). Nous nous attacherons en particulier à typifier les formes de vie socio-numériques qui y sont caricaturées suivant une prospective d'imperfectionnisme moral. Cet horizon d'imperfectionnisme moral vient questionner la vision de Stanley Cavell de constituer les relations interpersonnelles comme substrat nécessaire à la possibilité de transformation de notre société. Nous proposerons une voie/voix critique permettant échapper à une passive consommation de la dystopie au profit d'un « contre-faire » et d'une re-fabrication d'un autre monde connecté possible écologiquement soutenable.
LANCISI E I 'LANCISIANI'. SAPERE MEDICO E DIVULGAZIONE NELLA ROMA DEL SETTECENTO
Authors: Borghi Luca 
Published: May 2021

The kaleidoscopic figure of Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654-1720), one of the most remarkable physicians, scientists and scholars in modern Italy, can be a lucky gateway into eighteenth-century Rome – a surprising place for its intellectual vivacity, sometimes unprejudiced and always open to the most innovative expectations. The Medical Library he founded, one of the oldest and most important in the world, is only the most concrete among the many contributions that Lancisi gave to the dissemination and growth of medical knowledge of his time. His studies in the field of hygiene and the fight against malaria, his efforts to eradicate fears and popular superstitions caused by the ‘sudden deaths’, the enhancement of new forms of teaching such as the use of anatomical theatres, the active participation to the life of scientific and literary academies of Europe, are all revealing features, which make Lancisi a figure of lasting and widespread interest three centuries after his death. A figure who, according to his first biographer, was so outstanding «in the knowledge of sciences, and in the competence to explain them» that he aroused «the applause, even among the commoners, and the young people».
LA MEDICINA NEL <em>CAFFÈ</em>
Authors: Gaspari Gianmarco 
Published: May 2021

The magazine of Milan Enlightenment had an open attitude to the new knowledge spreading through Europe and was committed towards the dissemination of the so-called «useful studies». This implied that themes related to medicine were widely present among its articles, which recognized the central role of medicine in social life and presented it as both the inescapable premise of the ‘well-being’ of individuals and the population at large, and the aim of any good administration. Il Caffè decisively stands for ‘new’ medicine, the one that best takes into account the progress of studies, and that values the constant updating of its practitioners; medicine to be considered as science rather than experience. Thanks to all these elements, together with its inclusion in the complex system of scientific knowledge (inherently subject to constant verification), the lively formula of erudite entertainment opens, in more than one case, to concrete results, as in Pietro Verri’s article Sull’innesto del vaiuolo (On smallpox grafting); here, the author resolutely places the Caffè in favor of the still suspect practice of inoculation. Furthermore, even though it is Pietro Verri again who offers a wide-ranging nomenclature framework (with the article La medicina), undoubtedly most of the contributors are involved in dealing with these issues with an almost revolutionary narrative writing; certainly the model is English educational journalism, but with an incisiveness that also pays attention to the emerging sensiblerie, especially the «diseases of imagination» and those from which «more or less every man suffers without exactly distinguishing the cause».
Ameloblasts in Health and Disease
Authors: Tamgadge Sandhya , Tamgadge Avinash , Agre Bhagyashree 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ameloblasts are highly sensitive enamel-forming cells. They are derived from ectoderm and undergo a series of transformative changes in their life cycle. The functional efficiency of ameloblasts depends on various factors such as intracellular and extracellular environment, epithelial–mesenchymal interactions, and genetic control. Enamel formation is a well-organized event in the life cycle of ameloblasts. Normal enamel formation is the sign of healthy ameloblasts. The well-being of ameloblasts would be under threat in multiple situations. Internal regulatory mechanisms that are influenced by genetic mutations will lead to abnormal behavior of the cell. Environmental factors such as trauma, infection, exposure to chemicals, nutritional deficiencies, and hormonal dysregulation would affect the cell's normal behavior, which leads to abnormal enamel production. In this article, factors affecting the health of ameloblasts are described briefly.
Possible Association between Benign Migratory Glossitis and Fissured Tongue with Psoriasis
Authors: Rodriguez-Archilla Alberto , El-Ouastani Saliha 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disease that affects approximately 2% of the population. It is related to geographic tongue (GT) because both present similar clinical, histopathological, and genetic patterns, suggesting that GT could represent an oral manifestation of psoriasis. The objective of this study is to assess the possible relationship between psoriasis and its possible oral manifestations such as GT and/or fissured tongue (FT). A search for the articles on psoriasis and tongue or oral mucosa was performed in the next electronic databases: PubMed (MEDLINE and Cochrane Library), Web of Science, and Spanish Medical Index (SMI). From 175 potentially eligible articles, 151 were excluded for the several reasons: articles without full-text availability (119) and studies without clinical or usable data (32). Finally, 24 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The data were analyzed using the statistical software RevMan 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). For dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Among patients with psoriasis, 8.6% had a GT and 28.2% had a FT. Psoriasis patients were more likely to present both GT (OR: 3.61, P < 0.001) or FT (OR: 2.84, P < 0.001). Regarding the expression of histocompatibility antigens, patients with psoriasis and GT more frequently expressed type B13 and B57 antigens, whereas controls without psoriasis or GT showed more types B15, B17, B40, B58, C04, Cw6, DR5, and DRw6 antigens. Geographical tongue and FT are most often observed in patients with psoriasis.
Workplace Violence among Dental Surgeons - A Survey
Authors: Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Ramani Pratibha , Sukumaran Gheena , Ramasubramanian Abilasha , Karunagaran Monica , Hannah R. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Workplace violence is a multi-causal, multifaceted, public health, legal and social problem faced by all occupations worldwide. Recently, there has been an increase in the prevalence of workplace violence against doctors. Even though the government has attempted to address these problems in India, doctors are still experiencing violence in their workplaces.

Aim:
The aim of this survey was to determine the prevalence and awareness of workplace violence among dental surgeons.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among the dental surgeons. A self-administered questionnaire containing 15 questions was made and validated. A Web-based questionnaire was developed using Google forms and was circulated. A total of 112 responses were obtained. Questions were answered with “yes” “no” or by marking the correct responses. Frequency analysis and percentage analysis were done with the obtained results.

Results:
Our study showed that 74.1% of the participants heard about the workplace violence and 30.4% faced violence in their clinic. The nature of the violence was physical in 0.9%, verbal in 39.3%, and sexual in 0.9% among the participants who faced violence. A total of 92.9% of the participants reported that they require policies and guidelines against this workplace violence.

Conclusion:
Dental surgeons should have proper knowledge about the work-related violence and methods to control this violence. Policies, procedures, and intervention strategies should be undertaken to manage this alarming issues.
Automated Follicular Assessment Using a Novel Two-dimensional Ultrasound-based Solution
Authors: Firtion Celine , Ramachandran Ganesan , Prakash Sindhu P. Nellur , Hiwale Sujitkumar , Vajinepalli Pallavi , Manyam Indira , Gunasheela Devika 
Published: May 2021

Background:
High intra- and interobserver variability in the follicular assessment using two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) is still a concern. To solve this issue, we have developed a novel software solution, which automatically provides follicles' count and their diameters using 2D US images obtained by a manual sweep of an ovary. The primary objective of this study was to compare the result of the automated solution with a manual 2D US-based assessment.

Methods:
In the first phase, multiple follicular US sweeps were collected from 54 subjects; these sweeps were used to develop the software. In the second phase, data from 10 subjects were collected for validation of the developed solution. During each phase, for follicles ≥5 mm, their count and diameters were recorded by the sonologist using 2D US.

Results:
For the total follicle count, a high correlation (0.787) was observed between the solution and manual assessment. The 95% limits of agreement between the two methods were in the range of 4.232 to −4.258. The two methods had an excellent correlation (0.817) for the measurement of mean follicular diameter. However, the solution had a tendency to underestimate the mean diameter by an average of 1.725 mm (±2.16 mm). The limits of agreement between the two methods for mean diameter measurement were from 2.508 to −5.960 mm.

Conclusion:
This study validates the feasibility of our solution for automatic assessment of follicle count and diameter with accuracy comparable to the 2D US-based manual assessment. We further observed that the solution's performance is better than known intra- and interobserver variability of the manual assessment. We recommend further validation of the solution to confirm these initial results and potential time gain with an automated assessment.
Response of Proinflammatory Cytokine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha to Moderate Physical Activity in Nondiabetic Hypertensives and Type 2 Diabetic Hypertensives
Authors: Gupta Barkha , Sharma Sonali , Bhandari Sudhir , Bhardwaj Sonal , Ahmed Asrar 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, particularly in patients of diabetes mellitus. Management of hypertension is one of the critical components of comprehensive clinical management of diabetics.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of physical activity on systemic inflammation in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with hypertension.

Methods:
A total of 100 participants of either gender aged 40–69 years of Stage 2 essential hypertension were included in the study and assigned to 12 weeks of moderate physical activity (walking 10,000 steps/day). These study participants were further divided into two groups: type 2 diabetic (n =66) and nondiabetic (n = 34) hypertensives. Anthropometric parameters were noted and biochemical variables estimated at baseline and postintervention and evaluated statistically.

Results:
Twelve weeks of walking resulted in improved levels of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were reduced from 168.98 ± 3.76 to 154.29 ± 7.48 mmHg and from 103.38 ± 2.46 to 89.08 ± 3.62 mmHg, respectively. Body weight and body mass index were reduced from 69.8 ± 7.09 to 68.3 ± 6.53 kg and 23.21 ± 3.35 to 22.70 ± 3.16 kg/m2, respectively. A significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (Group 1: 8.36% ± 1.83% vs. 7.74% ± 1.82%; Group 2: 5.56% ± 0.4% vs. 5.09% ± 0.19%) was found. A significant reduction in TNF-α levels in hypertensives with diabetes and a significant (P < 0.0001) decrease in nondiabetic hypertensive participants (Group 1: 1.38 ± 0.701 vs. 1.068 ± 0.657 pg/ml; Group 2: 1.341 ± 0.749 vs. 0.894 ± 0.601 pg/ml, respectively; pre vs. postP < 0.0001) were observed, respectively.

Conclusion:
Regular moderate physical activity induces anti-inflammatory state in hypertensives by reducing levels of proinflammatory marker TNF-α. It also resulted in good glycemic control and improvement in BP and has health beneficial effects.
Methanol extract of Aruncus dioicus exerts antidiabetic effect via PCSK9/LDLR pathway
Authors: Gong Li , Yang Qing , Huang Yinluan , Xie Shaoyan , Zeng Chao , Liu Yuzhou 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of Aruncus dioicus, and the underlying mechanism(s).
Methods: Twenty-four adult female albino mice were randomly assigned to four groups of six mice each: normal control group, diabetic control group and two treatment groups. With the exception of normal control group, the diabetic control and treatment groups consisted of leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) type 2 diabetic mice. The diabetic control group was not treated, while the treatment groups received 200 or 400 mg/kg extract/day orally for 4 weeks. The effect of the extract on fasting blood glucose (FBG), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), glycogen and lipid profiles were determined. The expressions of PCSK9, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and glucokinase (GCK) were determined in liver tissues using western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was significantly and dose-dependently reduced in the treatment groups, relative to diabetic control group at different time-points (p < 0.05). Total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly higher in the diabetic control group than in normal control group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with methanol extract of A. dioicus significantly and dose-dependently reversed the changes in the levels of these parameters (p < 0.05). The expressions of LDLR and GCK were significantly down-regulated in diabetic control group, when compared with normal control group, but their expressions were significantly dose-dependently upregulated in the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Treatment with the extract significantly and dose-dependently down-regulated PCSK9 expression (p < 0.05). Liver injury characterized by large distended lipid droplets and fat accumulation was seen in diabetic mice, but treatment with methanol extract of A. dioicus significantly reversed the histopathological changes induced by DM.
Conclusion: These results indicate that the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of A. dioicus is exerted via a mechanism involving PCSK9/LDLR pathway.