bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stance complement clauses controlled by verbs in academic research papers
Authors: Kozáčiková Zuzana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper explores stance complement clauses in the genre of academic discourse, analysing stance complement clauses controlled by verbs in economics research articles written in English by non-native writers. Following Biber’s taxonomy (2006) of common lexico-grammatical features used for stance analyses, the results of the study show that epistemic verbs of certainty and likelihood are an important means of communicating knowledge in this genre and thus, form an inseparable part of academic research writing. Moreover, the study seeks to analyse the contrast between stance to-infinitives and stance that-clauses in the studied corpus. While stance that-clauses relate mainly to the category of certainty; on the contrary, stance to-infinitive clauses are consciously or subconsciously chosen to lessen the risk of a face-threatening act and typically refer to writers’ sensory experience (e.g. verbs such as seem, appear, etc.). The findings suggest that research papers from the field of economics demonstrate a clear preference for factive verbs over non-factive verbs.
Gender identities in e-shop perfume descriptions
Authors: Nemčoková Katarína , Kráľová Zdena , Holíková Aneta , Sampey Daniel P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Perfume descriptions serve as an important persuasive tool in fragrance advertising. Scents traditionally elude clear verbal description, yet perfumes are nowadays frequently sold online, with no direct olfactory experience on the part of the consumer at the point of purchase. The products are thus often represented by metaphorical means depicting a desirable experience or portraying attractive identities of wearers, including stereotypical images of men and women. This article analyses 80 e-shop fragrance descriptions equally divided among adverts targeted at males and females. The sample texts were collected randomly from British and American e-shops, with the primary research objective to determine how male and female identities are reflected in these descriptions. The method of discourse analysis was applied and the AntConc 3.4.4 toolkit was used to calculate the frequency of words and their collocations. It was found that current female perfume descriptions on e-shops generally suppress gender stereotypes quite successfully, while gender stereotyping is more prominent in male perfume descriptions. The possible causes as well as ramifications of this disparity are also discussed.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE STATURE FROM HAND ANTHROPOMETRY AMONG ILOCANO POPULATION IN PHILIPPINES FOR PERSON IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Moorthy T.Nataraja 
Published: June 2021

Stature determination aids the person identification during forensic investigation. The human hand research is the current topic of interest among forensic scientist, forensic medicine experts and anthropologists. Based on sample size analysis, the study involved consented 60 males and 60 females, age ranged from 18 to 55 years old. Stature and hand lengths measurements were made with Stadiometer and Vernier Calipers for analysis. From each participant, ten hand length measurements, five from left and five from right hands were taken. The five length measurements in left hand are the inter-distance between the distal traverse crease of the wrist (LH) and tip of thumb (T), index finger (I), middle finger (M), ring finger (R) & little finger (L), as abbreviated LHT, LHI, LHM, LHR and LHL. Similarly, the right hand lengths indicated as RHT, RHI, RHM, RHR, and RHL. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS software, version 23 and column chart. The information about age, gender, name, and place of origin of the participants was coded for easy reference. This study finally developed regression equations to determine stature from hand anthropometry among Ilocano population in Philippines for person identification
Pengaruh Kadar Suspensi Pati Kulit Pisang Kepok pada Kinetika Reaksi Proses Hidrolisis
Authors: Neneng Purnamawati  
Published: June 2021

Banana peel is one of the wastes that can pollute the environment so it needs to be utilized. One of the ingredients in kepok banana peels is starch (carbohydrates). Banana peel starch can be converted into glucose by hydrolysis method. This study aimed to find out the effect of banana peel starch suspension levels on the reaction kinetics of the hydrolysis process. The hydrolysis process used 2 N oxalic acid with reaction times of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes and the levels of suspension of kepok banana peel starch (gr/mlcamp) were 10/250, 20/250 and 30/250. The results showed that the optimum results were obtained at a suspension content of 10/250 gr/ml with a reaction conversion reaching 35% at a time of 50 minutes at a constant temperature of 100°C.
Keywords : Hydrolysis, Banana Kepok, Reaction Kinetics
A ESCURIDÃO E A MADRESSILVA: MANIFESTAÇÕES LÍRICAS NA NARRATIVA DE QUENTIN COMPSON EM O SOM E A FÚRIA, DE WILLIAM FAULKNER
Authors: Silva Claudimar Pereira da 
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo objetiva a análise da narrativa de Quentin Compson, no romance O som e a fúria (2004), do escritor americano William Faulkner, no que tange Ã s teorias da narrativa poética propostas por Jean-Yves Tadié (1978) e Ralph Freedman (1971). Assim, pretende-se analisar o modo como estrutura-se a voz lírica de Quentin, por meio das técnicas de fluxo de consciência e monólogo interior, pela verticalização sintática, pela projeção lírica do narrador nos espaços e pelo recurso Ã s imagens, símbolos e metáforas, articuladas Ã diegese.
ORGULHO E PRECONCEITO E A MILÍCIA
Authors: Faria Marcella de Melo 
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem como finalidade identificar e analisar no romance Orgulho e Preconceito de Jane Austen, publicado em 1813, elementos do ambiente histórico, político e social da época, desencadeados pelos acontecimentos relacionados Ã milícia inglesa. Para tanto, descreveu-se brevemente o contexto das guerras napoleônicas e adotou-se, como linha de pensamento teórico, os pressupostos do New Historicism, associados metodologicamente Ã s bases da análise de conteúdo. O resultado permitiu concluir que Austen, diferente da característica atribuída a sua obra pela crítica - “escrita para mocinhas” - também escreveu sobre a política de sua época, como demonstrou no romance enfocado neste estudo.
O FEMINISMO NA LITERATURA: A IMPORTÃ‚NCIA DA VISIBILIDADE DA MULHER NO ENSINO DE LITERATURA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA ATRAVÉS DO TEXTO COMPANHEIRAS DE ENEIDA DE MORAES
Authors: Neves Jesssica Carolina de Souza , De Souza Luana Beatriz Rodrigues , Requena Pamella Cristina 
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma prática docente de letramento literário por meio da crônica Companheiras, da escritora Eneida de Moraes, com a aplicação da sequência básica proposta por Rildo Cosson (2014) e das propostas da interação com o texto literário. Especificamente, o foco da pesquisa-bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo consiste em uma proposta de aplicação de um projeto de leitura para turmas de Ensino Médio. Com intuito de mostrar a relevância da autoria e do protagonismo feminino nos estudos de literatura na educação básica, objetivando sistematizar prática de leitura motivacional que gere resultados satisfatórios quanto Ã interpretação da obra literária. Visto que o primeiro contato no que tange ao desenvolvimento do indivíduo como leitor, na maioria das vezes, ocorre nas escolas. Ainda sob o ponto de vista teórico, busca-se entender as vozes das mulheres na literatura e trazer práticas de leitura segundo os estudos de Duarte (2003), Cosson (2014), Hollanda (1993),Cândido (1989)e em que medida o trabalho com o texto literário pode corroborar na aquisição de múltiplas linguagens pelos discentes. O poder humanizador que o texto literário possui sobre o indivíduo.Por fim, buscou-se promover uma sequência didática humanizada, com vozes femininas, dialogando com os estudos culturais.
O PERIGO DA MULHER ÚNICA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A IDEIA DE FEMININO EM A HISTORIADORA OBSTINADA, DE CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE
Authors: Castro de Oliveira Maria de Jesus 
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo ressaltar algumas das ideias propostas pela escritora nigeriana Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie em duas conferências suas e relacioná-las com a concepção de mulher em seu sentido europeu e pós-colonial, postas, a partir das observações pontuais da própria escritora quanto Ã s semelhanças e diferenças entre o feminino nas duas concepções. Adiante, analisamos o conto “A historiadora obstinada”, da mesma autora e apontamos os elementos que contribuem para assinalar a ideia de mulher no contexto africano, mais precisamente nigeriano, e como essa mulher possui traços próprios, que revelam uma experiência peculiar de algum modo similar Ã mulher europeia e distinta em relação Ã mesma, tomando como base a contribuição teórica de Elizabeth Badinter, Joan Scott e Gayatri C. Spivak. Por fim, sugerimos como o conto problematiza a situação da mulher no contexto pós-colonial e como essa mulher se coloca numa posição paradoxal, entre a permanência no lugar de origem e a sua saída desse espaço cultural.
An Evolutionary Cognitive Approach to Comparative Fascist Studies: Hypermasculinization, Supernormal Stimuli, and Conspirational Beliefs
Authors: Ambasciano Leonardo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
After summarizing Roger Griffin’s Fascism: An Introduction to Comparative Fascist Studies (2018), I describe the academic subfield of Comparative Fascist Studies (CFS). I argue that CFS could be strengthened by integrating it with cognitive science, evolutionary psychol­ogy, and religious studies. That biocultural integration would make it more effective as both a scholarly endeavour and an antifascist vaccine for democratic societies. I explain the role of traditional mass media and digital social media in the rise of dominance-style leadership and radical-right populism, construct a neurosociological revision of the CFS concept of fascism as a “political religion,” and characterize ultranationalism as a set of maladaptive supernormal stimuli. These revisions of CFS aim at providing a cross-disciplinary frame­work able to explain the spread of alt-right conspiracy theories online and offline.
Imagination in the Generation of Pictures and Interpersonal Scenarios
Authors: Oatley Keith 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In Imagination, Jim Davies explains that most humans have mental imagery: an ability to make pictures in the mind without immediate perceptual input-as we do when we dream. Davies writes programs that enable computers to do something similar. Given a few words of description, a computer can generate pictures with several objects arranged in appropriate ways. Jonathan Gilmore’s Apt Imaginings is about whether engagement in works of fiction is continuous or discontinuous with how we deal with people and objects in everyday life. He argues for discontinuity. In constructing a critical framework within which to evaluate these two books, I use Kenneth Craik’s theory of mental models. Craik’s theory enables us to understand how we humans have evolved to imagine possible futures, to plan and to act in relation to them, and also to imagine what might be going on in other people’s minds.
Investigating violence against Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs): a mixed methods study from rural North Karnataka, India
Authors: Rao Lavanya , Prakash Ravi , Rai Prathibha , Tharakan Mallika , DL Kavitha , Kar Arin , HL Mohan , Jayanna Krishnamurthy 
Published: June 2021

Background Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) are female community health workers who primarily work to improve local reproductive, maternal, neonatal, and child health across India. As ASHAs often hail from patriarchal environments and are positioned at the bottom of the healthcare hierarchy, they are vulnerable to experiencing different forms of violence from the various individuals that they interact with. There is a gap in knowledge about the violence ASHAs experience. The purpose of this study was to assess the working condition of ASHAs, the extent and types of violence they experienced, and the corresponding perpetrators of this violence in two districts of Northern Karnataka. Methods Using a mixed methods approach, we first surveyed 396 ASHAs to characterize their experiences of violence. We then conducted in-depth interviews with 16 ASHAs to elaborate on survey findings. Data was analyzed using quantitative prevalence statistics and qualitative thematic analysis. Results The majority of ASHAs reported economic (88%) or emotional violence (73%), while many ASHAs reported sexual (32%) or physical violence (26%). ASHAs reported high levels of economic violence from their beneficiaries and their beneficiaries’ families (64%), emotional violence from their co-workers (44%), and physical and sexual violence from their husbands (17% and 12% respectively). Mixed methods findings revealed that violence was often rooted from their low positioning on the healthcare hierarchy, a lack of respect from community members, and limited autonomy at home. Conclusions Evidence from this study suggests that violence perpetrated against ASHAs is highly prevalent, diverse in forms, and often arises from the ASHA’s immediate circles. Interventions aiming to decrease violence against ASHA workers requires multi-level approach, with collaborative components empowering ASHAs, sensitizing ASHA families and co-workers, implementing regulations at the health facility level, and increasing community-wide respect for ASHAs and their role in the health care.
Economic burden of pain in back and extremities in the adult population: a community-based estimate in rural Gadchiroli, India
Authors: Bang Anand A. , Bhojraj Shekhar Y. , Deshmukh Mahesh , Kalkotwar Sameer , Joshi Vinay R. , Yarmal Tushar , Bang Abhay T. 
Published: June 2021

Background Population-based estimates of economic burden due to pain in the back and extremities (PBE) are lacking from rural India. We aimed to estimate the burden by measuring the annual cost of: (i) medical consultation, (ii) purchasing medications, and (iii) work-days lost due to PBE in a rural adult population in Gadchiroli, India. Methods This population-based recall study was conducted in two villages randomly selected from a cluster of 7 eligible villages in Gadchiroli district in India. All adults ≥20 years in these villages were surveyed by trained community health workers in January 2010 by making household visits. The data were collected using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire on the history of PBE and the consequent economic cost of pain during the previous 12 months. Results Out of the 2535 eligible adults in two villages, 2259 (89%) were surveyed. Among these, 1876 (83%) had an episode of PBE in the preceding 12 months, 617 (27%) sought medical consultation and 1535 (68%) purchased medicines. Total expenditure in the study population (2259) over 12 months for PBE was 62,880 Indian Rupees, INR ($1298.6 at the annual mean currency conversion rate of $1 = 48.422 INR for the study year of 2009) on medical consultation and 855,203 INR ($17661.45) for purchasing medicines. Total 833 participants lost 24,205 work-days due to PBE. The mean work-days lost per adult participant were 11 days. The total estimated wages lost at the rate of 100 INR ($2.09) per day were 24,20,500 INR ($49987.6). The total cost of PBE in these two villages over 12 months was 33,38,583 INR ($68947.6) or 1317 INR ($27.19) per adult in the population. The mean annual economic loss due to PBE per symptomatic adult was 1789 INR ($36.94) which was 4.9% of the annual per capita income of 36286 INR ($725.72) for Gadchiroli in 2009-10. Women and the higher age groups were more likely to lose days at work due to PBE as well as experience higher out-of-pocket expenditure on treatment of PBE. Conclusions This study showed substantial economic burden due to PBE in rural Gadchiroli. There is need to develop interventions to reduce the pain, loss of work-days and the out-of-pocket expenditure on medical consultation and purchasing medicines.
Aspek Hukum Dalam Pelaksanaan Pengiriman Barang
Authors: Nuswardhani Nuswardhani , Izziyana Wafda Vivid 
Published: June 2021

kemajuan teknologi khususnya di era E-Commerce, saat ini sangatlah berkembang pesat. Pengangkutan adalah mengangkut, membawa barang dari satu tempat pemuatan sampai ketempat tujuan yang akan dituju oleh pengangkut. Sedangkan perjanjian adalah suatu peristiwa/perbuatan hukum dimana seorang mengikatkan dirinya kepada orang lain untuk mengikatkan suatu hal (pasal 1313 KUH perdata).Maka dari itu perjanjian pengangkutan adalah suatu peristiwa dimana pengangkut dengan pengirim telah mengikat untuk melakukan pengiriman barang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif. aspek hukum Pengiriman barang dilaksanakan dengan melalui perjanjian antara pengangkut dan pengirim. Sebelum melakukan perjanjian pengiriman barang pengangkut dan pengirim harus memenuhi syarat sahnya perjanjian yang terdapat dalam pasal 1320 KUH Perdata yaitu : kesepakatan, kecakapan, hal tertentu, suatu sebab yang halal. pengirim tidak bisa merubah isi perjanjiannya beserta ketentuan-ketentuan dalam pengiriman barang yang telah dibuat oleh pengangkut. pengirim hanya dapat membaca, memahami isi ketentuan dalam perjanjian pengiriman barang. perjanjian pengiriman barang tersebut memberlakukan asas konsensualisme dimana setelah terjadi kesepakatan antara pengirim dan pengangkut maka pada saat itulah barang dapat dikirim ke tempat tujuan dengan selamat. terjadilah hubungan hukum antara pengirim dan pengangkut yang menimbulkan hak dan kewajiban secara timbal balik. kewajiban tersebut harus dipenuhi oleh kedua pihak secara timbal balik Jika ada salah satu pihak melakukan kesalahan dan kesalahan tersebut yang diakibatkan karena tidak dipenuhinya kewajiban sesuai dengan perjanjian maka ia harus bertanggung jawab berdasarkan wan prestasi dan jika ada salah satu pihak yang tidak mentaati peraturan yang berlaku dalam pengiriman barang maka ia dapat dipertanggung jawabkan berdasarkan perbuatan melawan hukum. penyelesaiannya jika salah satu pihak melakukan kesalahan, maka pihak yang bersangkutan harus mengganti kerugian sesuai dengan kesepakatan.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Petani Jagung di Desa Perbesi Kecamatan Tiga Binanga Kabupaten Karo
Authors: Silalahi Yoshua Putra Pratama , Saleh Khairul , Lubis Mitra Musika 
Published: June 2021

The objectives of this study to determine the effect of production, land area, fertilizer costs and labor costs on the income of corn farmers in Perbesi Village, Tiga Binanga District, Karo Regency. The research was conducted using sampling techniques by purposive sampling. Prasurvey data collection as many as 427 farmers in Perbesi Village had 1-2 Ha of corn planting area so 10% of the total population was 43 farmers as samples. The results showed that simultaneously production, land area, labor costs and fertilizer costs affected the income of corn farmers in Perbesi Village, Tigabinanga District (Fcount 26.768> Ftable 2.62). Partially the production variable has significant effect (thit 2.271), land area has no significant effect –(0.868), fertilizer costs have significant effect (3.326) and labor costs (-0.875) have no significant effect on the income of corn farmers in Perbesi village, Tigabinanga district with t table 1.68959. Simultaneously all variables affect the income of corn farmers in Perbesi Village, while partially the production and cost of fertilizers have significant effect while land area and labor costs do not.
Pengaruh Psychological Capital terhadap Individual Readiness for Change pada Karyawan Sales
Authors: Ningrum Oktaviani Aditia , Salendu Alice 
Published: June 2021

Faktor penting keberhasilan inisiatif perubahan adalah kesiapan individu menghadapi perubahan. Perubahan organisasi yang dilakukan PT STI melalui inisiatif Optimus menuntut karyawan untuk siap dalam menghadapi perubahan yang terjadi. Kesiapan individu dalam menghadapi perubahan dapat ditingkatkan melalui peningkatan psychological capital yang dimiliki individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengetahui pengaruh modal psikologis terhadap kesiapan individu menghadapi perubahan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 123 orang karyawan sales di divisi area operation PT. STI. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah skala individual readiness for change (α=0,939) yang dikembangkan oleh Holt, Armenakis, Field dan Harris (2007) dan skala psychological capital questionnaire (α= 0,922) yang dikembangkan oleh Luthans dkk (2007). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan secara simultan, keempat dimensi psychological capital berkorelasi positif dengan individual readiness for change dengan nilai r= 0,520. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan simple linear regression menunjukkan nilai r2 = 0,270 maka 27% variasi dari readiness for change dapat dijelaskan oleh psychological capital dan 73% dijelaskan oleh sebab lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menujukkan Psychological capital secara signifikan dapat memprediksi readiness for change dengan F=10,923, sig=0.000.
PERANCANGAN PERPUSTAKAAN UMUM DI SAWAHLUNTO DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR KONTEKSTUAL
Authors: Wendri Rahmat , S Mira Dharma , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: June 2021

Sawahlunto merupakan salah satu kota di provinsi Sumatera Barat yang terkenal dengan bangunan- bangunan Belandanya dan juga salah satu aset di Indonesia yang telah di tetapkan menjadi kota pusaka dan warisan dunia oleh Unesco pada tahun 2019. Akan tetapi kota Sawahlunto tidak memiliki perpustakaan umum yang layak, dikarenakan perpustakaan umum sebelumnya tidak mepunyai fasilitas-fasilitas yang memadai dan tidak dapat menampung kegiatan-kegiatan masyarakat dalam mencari informasi. Tujuan dari perancangan perpustakaan umum ini agar mampu memberikan fasilitas dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat dan memudahkan masyarakat dalam mencari informasi yang mereka inginkan, serta dengan penerapan arsitektur kontekstual dapat menjaga dan memperkuat karakter kota pusaka Sawahlunto dan juga bangunan-bangunan yang ada di lingkungan sekitarnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa pengamatan, wawancara dan data literatur. Pada perancangan ini menerapkan konsep Alam Takambang jadi Guru yang didapatkan dari keterkaitan fungsi serta tema pada rancangan yang diterapkan pada gubahasan massa dan fasad bangunan.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FUNGSI WISATA SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BUMI PERKEMAHAN SIBOLANGIT
Authors: Rambe Yunita Syafitri 
Published: June 2021

Kawasan Perkemahan Sibolangit merupakan suatu Kawasan Ruang Terbuka sebagai daerah resapan pada Kawasan Kecamatan Sibolangit. Pada saat ini, perkemahan Sibolangit selain dijadikan daerah bagi perkemahan juga dibuka untuk pengunjung dan wisatawan umum. Kawasan perkemahan Sibolangit mempunyai topografi yang berbukit-bukit, terdapat sungai dan pohon-pohon. Pada saat ini, sudah mulai bermunculan beberapa bangunan yang dibangun tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan lahan. Padahal sebuah Kawasan wisata diperlukan suatu strategi dalam pengembangannya. Usaha pariwisata yang baik adalah usaha pariwisata yang memperhatikan kekhasan, keunikan, keanekaragaman serta kebutuhan manusia untuk berwisata. Dari latar belakang yang ada, maka diperlukannya suatu analisis kelayakan sebagai suatu strategi dalam pengembangan Kawasan perkemahan Sibolangit sebagai suatu Kawasan wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan metode SWOT untuk mengetahui kendala, ancaman eksternal, prospek yang menghasilkan strategi untuk dijadikan konsep pengembangan yang baik. Luaran dari penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar dalam strategi konsep pengembangan Kawasan Perkemahan Sibolangit dan juga diharapkan dapat berguna bagi penelitian lainnya.