bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRYPANOSOMA spp. in captive primates in a brazilian zoo
Authors: Jose dos Santos Wesley , Maisa Guiraldi Livia , Dos Santos Paixão Marques Mirian , Fernanda Alves-Martin Maria , Pacheco Sanchez Gabriela , Barbosa da Silva Daniela , Bodelao Richini-Pereira Virginia , Suemi Kurokawa Cilmery , Baldini Lucheis Simone 
Published: July 2021

Captive animals, despite the constant care provided, are susceptible to infections from different sources. We herein report the natural trypanosome infection of 11 (28.2% positive) out of 39 non-human primates from 13 different species, in a Brazilian zoological park. Immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) ruled out Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. However, sequencing performed with positive samples employing hsp70 primers revealed similarities from 86% to 88% to diverse trypanosomes, including T. cruzi, Trypanosoma grayi, Trypanosoma lewisi, Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma vivax. We believe that the low similarity values obtained by sequencing reflect the difficulties in the molecular identification of trypanosomes, which share a large portion of their genetic material; this similarity may also preclude the diagnosis of co-infection by more than one trypanosome species. Thus, our study demonstrates the presence of diverse trypanosomes in primates, which are susceptible to infection by these parasites. Mechanical devices such as windows and bed nets, etc., are required to avoid vector insects in these environments, in addition to preventive quarantining of animals recently introduced into zoos. Therefore, investigation of the parasites in both the animals already residing in the zoo and those being introduced is of paramount importance, although no easy task.
KEY WORDS: Non-human primates; monkey; diagnosis; trypanosomes.
تحليل محتوى رسائل الماجستير في المناهج وطرائق التدريس العامة بجامعة ميسان للأعوام من 2018 إلى 2020
Authors: الغضبان سلام ناجي باقر 
Published: July 2021

تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى التعرف على خصائص تحليل محتوى رسائل الماجستير في المناهج وطرائق التدريس العامة للأعوام من 2018 الى 2020، بلغ حجم العينة (41) رسالة في تخصص المناهج وطرائق التدريس العامة، أعدت الباحثة بطاقة تحليل محتوى تضمنت اربعة مجالات ويضم كل مجال عدد من المحاور، وأظهرت النتائج ان استخدام اللغة العربية في كتابة الرسائل بنسبة(95%)،وكان الاشراف المنفرد على الرسائل أعلى من الاشراف المشترك اذ بلغت نسبته (51%) ، وبلغت نسبة الاشراف في تخصص المناهج وطرائق التدريس العامة(44%) وهي أعلى من باقي التخصصات في طرائق التدريس المشرفة على الرسائل، كما اتضح ان وزارة التربية اكثر الجهات استهدافاً في الرسائل وبنسبة(80%)، وان طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة اكثر الفئات استهدافاً وبنسبة(29%) تليها المرحلة الابتدائية وبنسبة(20%) أما باقي الفئات فكانت نسبتها أقل، وان جنس العينة من الذكور والاناث بلغت (43%) اما الاناث(41%) بينما نسبة الذكور بلغت(16%)، واعتمدت الطريقة قصدية في اختيار العينات بنسبة(61%)، وبلغت نسبة مادتي اللغة الانكليزية والرياضيات (44%) كأعلى نسبة من باقي المواد التي تناولتها الرسائل، وتم استخدام دراسات سابقة عربية واجنبية في الرسائل بنسبة(78%)، واتضح ان منهجية الرسائل في معظمها تجريبية وبنسبة(73%)، وان اكثر المتغيرات التجريبية المستقلة دراسة في استراتيجيات التدريس وبنسبة(93%)، اما اكثر المتغيرات التابعة التجريبية دراسة هو التحصيل وبنسبة (67%)، وان جميع الرسائل التجريبية اعمدت تصميم المجموعتين المتكافئتين، واتضح ان اكثر فروع المنهج الوصفي استخداماً هو المسحي وبنسبة(64%)، كما يلاحظ ان اكثر الادوات استخداماً هو الاختبار التحصيلي وبنسبة(49) مجموع الادوات الكلي، وان (98%) من الادوات هي من اعداد الباحثين، وان في (76%) من الرسائل تم استخدام اداتين، واتضح ان (85%) من الرسائل استخدمت الاحصائيين الوصفي والاستدلالي في معالجة البيانات، كما اتضح ان جميع الرسائل تضمنت مصادر عربية واجنبية.
دور ممارسات التسويق الاستباقي في تعزيز ابعاد ريادة المؤسسات المصرفية/ دراسة تطبيقية في المصرف العراقي للتجارةTBI )) .
Authors: هادي هادي حمد , عبود سليم رشيد 
Published: July 2021

يسعى البحث الى بيان تأثير ممارسات التسويق الاستباقي في تعزيز ابعاد ريادة المؤسسات المصرفية بشكل عام والمصارف عينة البحث ( المصرف العراقي للتجارة)، وقد تمثل الهدف الرئيسي للبحث في التعرف على تأثير التسويق الاستباقي بممارساتها (ابداع المنتج، ادارة المخاطر ، التعرف على السوق، التركيز على الزبائن) واستخدامها من اجل تعزيز وتطبيق ابعاد ريادة المؤسسة المصرفية (التخطيط المسبق، الكفاءة، الفاعلية ) ، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف قد اعتمد الباحث على المنهجين الوصفي والتحليلي لغرض تحليل انموذج وفرضيات البحث وتحديد العلاقات المنطقية بين متغيرات الدراسة ، اذا عد البحث ممارسات التسويق الاستباقي متغيرا مستقلا (ابداع المنتج، ادارة المخاطر ، التعرف على السوق، التركيز على الزبائن) وتم اعتماد ابعاد رضا الزبائن متغيرا معتمدا ، وقد تم اختيار عدد من المصرف المصرف العراقي للتجارة العامل في محافظة كربلاء لاختبار هذه الدراسة من خلال استمارة الاستبانة بوصفها اداة اساسية في جمع البيانات المختلفة بالجانب الميداني وشملت ( 48) فردا من مديري المصارف واقسامها ووحداتها فضلا عن المقابلات الشخصية.
وقد تم استخدام معامل الارتباط البسيط لقياس علاقة الارتباط بين المتغيرات واختبار ( Z) لاختبار معنوية العلاقة وتحليل الانحدار المتعدد ( Multiple Regression Anlysis) واختبار ( F) لتحيد معنوية معادلة الانحدار كما وتم استخدام ( R2) لتفسير مقدار تأثير المتغيرات المستقلة في المتغير التابع.
Juan Orrego Salas: Cien Años de un Compositor Cervantino
Authors: Piñero Gil Carmen Cecilia 
Published: July 2021

La figura del compositor chileno Juan Orrego Salas (Santiago de Chile, 18 de enero de 1919-Bloomington, Indiana, E.E.U.U., 24 de noviembre de 2019) se alza como una de las personalidades más importantes, influyentes y referenciales de la creación sonora académica de Iberoamérica en el siglo XX. Testigo y coautor del florecimiento de la composición latinoamericana y de los foros panamericanos, Orrego Salas pertenece a la segunda oleada de grandes creadores iberoamericanos del siglo XX que – junto a compositores como el argentino Alberto Ginastera o el panameño Roque Cordero – proyectaron y trascendieron el marco nacionalista al que la música latinoamericana se había visto constreñida después de Heitor Villa-Lobos, los mexicanos Carlos Chávez y Silvestre Revueltas o los cubanos Amadeo Roldán y Alejandro García Caturla. En Orrego Salas confluyen compositor, musicólogo, docente, gestor y crítico musical además de un verdadero adalid de la promoción de la música latinoamericana como fundador del LAMC (Latin American Music Center) en Bloomington, perteneciente a la norteamericana Universidad de Indiana. Un importante rasgo de la personalidad de éste creador chileno es su “españolidad” vertida en varias obras de su catálogo compositivo entre las que destaca la cervantina Palabras de Don Quijote. El presente artículo, producto de dos artículos anteriores que sobre Juan Orrego Salas tuve ocasión de llevar a cabo, pretende ser un homenaje a este factotum musical con motivo del año de su centenario y fallecimiento, 2019. En la primera parte se realiza un breve recorrido por su figura musical cuya pertinencia se explica por el incomprensible desconocimiento que de la creación musical iberoamericana y sus figuras se tiene, en ocasiones, no solo en geografías no americanas sino en los propios países de Latinoamérica. La segunda, y más extensa parte de este escrito, consiste en un análisis de Palabras de don Quijote en la que el compositor chileno proyecta su devoción por el universal autor de Don Quijote de La Mancha, al tiempo que hace suyos los valores del “caballero andante” para transitar su recorrido vital como hombre y creador, ejemplo de honestidad y coherencia ética e intelectual.
PENERIMAAN MAHASISWA BARU BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA UNIVERSITAS KARYADARMA KUPANG
Authors: Maria Dina , Henuk Hildayanti 
Published: July 2021

New Student Admission Information System at Karyadarma University has not used a web-based information system. This information system is an information system used to facilitate the registration administration process so as to make it easier for the Admissions Committee at the University of Kupang Karyadarma. In developing the New Student Admission Information System using the Laravel framework method. This information system uses the PHP programming language and MYSQL database server. The system testing method uses blackbox and usability testing. The results of this study are a website-based New Student Admission Information System that can help the ongoing performance. The results of testing the software that was developed obtained a functionality value of 1 (Good), testing the usability aspect obtained results with a percentage of 94.66% (Very Eligible).
Klasifikasi Tekstur Serat Kayu pada Citra Mikroskopik Veneer Memanfaatkan Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Alamgunawan Suriani , Kristian Yosi 
Published: July 2021

Convolutional Neural Network sebagai salah satu metode Deep Learning yang paling sering digunakan dalam klasifikasi, khususnya pada citra. Terkenal dengan kedalaman dan kemampuan dalam menentukan parameter sendiri, yang memungkinkan CNN mampu mengeksplor citra tanpa batas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti klasifikasi tekstur serat kayu pada citra mikroskopik veneer dengan CNN. Model CNN akan dibangun menggunakan MBConv dan arsitektur lapisan akan didesain menggunakan EfficientNet. Diharapkan dapat tercapai tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dengan penggunaan jumlah parameter yang sedikit. Dalam penelitian ini akan mendesain empat model arsitektur CNN, yaitu model RGB tanpa contrast stretching, RGB dengan contrast stretching, Grayscale tanpa contrast stretching dan Grayscale dengan contrast stretching. Proses ujicoba akan mencakup proses pelatihan, validasi dan uji pada masing-masing input citra pada setiap model arsitektur. Dengan menggunakan penghitungan softmax sebagai penentu kelas klasifikasi. SGD optimizer digunakan sebagai optimization dengan learning rate 1e-1. Hasil penelitian akan dievaluasi dengan menghitung akurasi dan error dengan menggunakan metode F1-score. Penggunaan channel RGB tanpa contrast stretching sebagai citra input menunjukkan hasil uji coba yang terbaik.
Information Extraction Berbasis Rule Untuk Soal Ujian
Authors: Soenardjo Stefanus Nico , Gunawan Gunawan 
Published: July 2021

Proses information extraction dapat dilakukan pada beberapa macam media, seperti artikel berita, tanya jawab dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melakukan information extraction pada media soal ujian yang dilengkapi dengan jawaban.
Pendekatan pengolahan informasi yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah information extraction berbasis rule. Informasi yang hendak digali adalah informasi data soal ujian beserta jawabannya. Inputan dalam penelitian ini pasangan file soal dan jawaban milik Cambridge. Ada beberapa mata pelajaran yang digunakan, yaitu Biologi, Matematika dan Ekonomi. Jenis soal yang digunakan juga ada beberapa macam, yaitu pilihan ganda dan esai. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bisa menjadi media pembelajaran.
Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan sebanyak 100 pasang data soal dan ujian. Sistem akan menerima 2 inputan file dengan format PDF. Kedua file ini merupakan pasangan soal dan jawaban. Proses yang diakukan adalah file akan dirubah menjadi 2, yaitu file HTML dan file PNG. File HTML mengandung semua teks soal dan file PNG mengandung semua gambar dari soal. Sistem akan mengambil teks dan gambar dari masing-masing soal dan jawaban berdasrkan rule yang sudah ditentukan. Penentuan rule dilakukan secara manual dengan mempelajari pola-pola data yang tedapat dalam tag HTML. Setelah proses ekstraksi, soal dan jawaban ini dipasangkan sesuai dengan nomor urutnya masing-masing. Pasangan soal dan jawaban ini kemudian akan disimpan ke dalam database. Dari hasil penelitian, tingkat akurasi yang didapatkan adalah sekitar 46%. Kendala utama yang dihadapi adalah format soal dan jawaban yang tidak strandar sehingga menimbulkan kesulitan dalam proses ekstraksi informasi.
Crystals, Crystallization, and Crystallography in Hegel, Stendhal, and Ruskin
Authors: Dhanawade Anirudha 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
In the nineteenth century, various and very different writers and thinkers became fascinated by crystals and by the developing science of crystallography. This article sets out to explore and explain why this might have been the case. In order to do so, it examines the treatment of crystals in works by Hegel, Stendhal, and John Ruskin and looks at the influence of crystallographic science on these texts. It argues that, despite their many differences and divergent concerns, nineteenth-century writers often seized on images of crystal and crystallization for strikingly similar reasons that can be attributed in part to the development and dissemination of crystallography in the period. Across disparate discourses, crystals symbolized both metamorphosis and a radical resistance to change and offered a picture of a world constituted out of the tension between the opposing forces of transformation and stasis. The article contributes to the study of the influence of science on nineteenth-century writers. But it also suggests how the history of science and the study of the representation of specific materials such as crystal can be used to read across and identify relationships between ostensibly quite dissimilar dimensions of nineteenth-century culture.
“The Penalties of Greatness”: The Heiress in Susan Ferrier’s The Inheritance
Authors: Dashwood Rita J. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
This article analyzes Susan Ferrier’s portrayal of her young heroine, Gertrude, in her second novel, The Inheritance (1824). Gertrude is the apparent heiress of an estate valued at £20,000 that she inherits in the second half of the novel. Ferrier’s choice of heroine is a fascinating one, given that her novel was published decades before the 1882 Married Women’s Property Act, a watershed moment that significantly contributed to the legitimization of female ownership of property. The emancipatory potential in Ferrier’s attribution of such wealth and power to her female heroine is, however, counteracted by the ending of the novel, in which Gertrude loses her material possessions after it is revealed that she is not the lawful inheritor of the estate. Ferrier’s decision to assign that power to her heroine only to take it away from her is, I argue, revealing of the two incompatible goals that she sets for herself with this novel. While on one hand she seeks to legitimize female ownership of property with her choice of heroine, she also uses that character to convey the religious idea that a life led in the pursuit of materialism and worldly pleasures is a frivolous and corruptive one.
A Cataclysm of Steam and Iron: The Shadow of Meudon and the Visualized Fear of the Railroad in Daumier’s Les Chemins de fer (1843–58)
Authors: Ostergaard Tyler E. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The lithographic caricatures of Honoré Daumier are among the earliest and most frequent depictions of the railroad in French visual culture. Those for Le Charivari and La Caricature show a complex and shifting reaction to the introduction of the railroad that has remained unanalyzed by scholars. This essay will argue that Daumier’s works were dramatically altered by the Meudon rail accident (1842) and that the severity of the accident, its early occurrence, and its proximity to Paris all shifted Daumier’s perception of the railroad and made a lasting impact on his conception of the railroad. Where his early images downplay or laugh at the danger of the railroad, his later images show the railroad as dangerous and violent and cast doubt on the progressive promises advanced by supporters of industrialization. Rather than expressing a Luddite sentiment, Daumier focused on the human cost of the new technology and used his images to critique the technocratic promises of the French government of the July Monarchy and the Second Empire while avoiding official censorship.
Majority rule and human rights: identity and non-identity in SAS v France
Authors: Nicholson Matthew 
Published: July 2021

This article considers the July 2014 decision of the European Court of Human Rights in SAS v France in which the court upheld the legality of a ban on the wearing of the burqa and niqab in public places. Exploring the connection between SAS and a related trend of deference to the will of the national community in the court’s jurisprudence, it relies on Joseph Slaughter’s work to argue that the decision is best explained on the basis of what Theodor Adorno termed ‘identity thinking’ which, in a human rights context, involves the conceptualisation of human identity as something existing in and defined by the community rather than the individual. Drawing on the work of Franz Neumann, Otto Kirchheimer and Peter Mair, the article reflects on the social and political function of the ECtHR in the light of SAS and argues for an alignment between international human rights practice and the ‘non-identity thinking’ that Adorno advocated.
The right to education for young people excluded from mainstream in a divided society
Authors: O'Lynn Patricia 
Published: July 2021

This paper offers a rights-based analysis of the equity of educational experience allocated to young people excluded from school in Northern Ireland. Using Tomaševski’s ‘4As scheme’ as a conceptual guide, the availability, accessibility, acceptability and adaptability of alternative education provision is examined. The article begins with a brief overview of the contextual landscape within which the sector operates, alluding to the definitional and procedural difficulties that have hindered the delivery of equitable alternative education services to date, before an examination of the current legal architecture within which the right to education may be given further realisation is detailed. The latter part of the article considers the extent to which the organisation, management and delivery of the EOTAS sector is rights-compliant, before concluding that the right to education, as it stands under domestic and international law, does not extend far enough to ensure and protect the educational entitlements of children excluded from school.
Do constructive trusts deter disloyalty?
Authors: Hicks Andrew 
Published: July 2021

Constructive trusts of disloyal fiduciary gain often are justified by the argument of deterrence. For there to be effective deterrence, two conditions must be satisfied: first, potentially disloyal fiduciaries must be sufficiently informed, directly or indirectly, of the properties of the constructive trust; secondly, fiduciaries must respond by accurately weighing the costs/benefits of disloyalty and other options before choosing the option that maximises their self-interest. Typically, one or both of these conditions will not be satisfied. Drawing upon insights from the behavioural sciences we find that fiduciaries contemplating disloyalty generally cannot be expected to be cognisant of the properties of the constructive trust and therefore cannot be influenced by them. Even when known, such properties will not necessarily influence fiduciary behaviour due to the way well-informed fiduciaries are likely to perceive and process the risk that their disloyalty will be detected. The deterrence gains generated by the recognition of a constructive trust are therefore likely to be negligible.
The UK out, Social Europe in? Rethinking EU social integration in the wake of Brexit
Authors: Polomarkakis Konstantinos Alexandris 
Published: July 2021

This article considers the impact of Brexit on the future of Social Europe. Through recourse to key moments in the history of European social integration, where Britain more often than not vehemently opposed any coming together, its role as an important veto player in EU social policy-making is established. With the UK set to leave the Union, the option for further social integration is no longer inconceivable. It is featured as one of the possible scenarios in the Reflection Paper on the Social Dimension of Europe, and recent developments, such as the European Pillar of Social Rights, together with its accompanying initiatives, appear to lay the groundwork towards that. The article concludes that, although the realisation of Social Europe is more likely post-Brexit, there are other Member States willing to take over the UK’s role and act as veto players on their own terms.
Liability threshold for damages in public procurement: the EFTA Court’s Fosen-Linjen saga
Authors: Sanchez-Graells Albert 
Published: July 2021

In this case comment, I explore the two EFTA Court Judgments in the Fosen-Linjen saga and their opposing views on the interaction between EU/EEA rules on procurement remedies and the more general principle of state liability for breaches of EU/EEA law. I review the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and, in particular, the perceived inconsistencies between the two 2010 judgments in Strabag and Spijker, which featured very prominently in the legal arguments submitted to the EFTA Court in both Fosen-Linjen cases. I also use the benchmark of the UK Supreme Court's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority judgment to support the view that Spijker reflects the correct understanding of EU/EEA law and that there should be no further debate about it. I submit that the Court of Justice of the European Union would be well-advised to (re)confirm the position enshrined in Spijker at the earliest opportunity, to avoid any perpetuation of this debate in the context of EU/EEA public procurement law.
Los espectros del ser entre Heidegger y Derrida
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Pablo Bernardo 
Published: July 2021

En este texto se lleva a cabo una lectura de la obra de Martin Heidegger y Jacques Derrida tomando como eje la noción de “espectralidad”. Se comprueba cómo ambos autores comprenden el pasado como aquello que debe ser herededado desde la creación y no simplemente como algo que se recibiría pasiva o mecánicamente. El espectro, por tanto, es este “origen” que “no es” y que se entrega como porvenir, como tarea. Sin embargo, es precisamente esta coincidencia la que distancia absolutamente el pensamiento de Derrida de la experiencia heideggeriana de la imposibilidad del espectro, es decir, de la aporía de su identidad.
Caminar de cabeza.
Authors: Del Buey Cañas Ramón 
Published: July 2021

En Filósofos de paseo, Ramón del Castillo analiza la relación entre pensar y caminar a partir de los casos de estudio representados por nueve filósofos y escritores: Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Adorno, Wittgenstein, Sartre, Fowles y Walser. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto examinar esta aproximación y aportar una serie de comentarios críticos al respecto. Para ello, expondré las ideas principales de cada capítulo del libro, y examinaré las hipótesis de lectura que estos proponen. En paralelo, realizaré consideraciones valorativas a propósito de dichas reflexiones, y argumentaré mi posición con respecto a las tesis sostenidas en la obra en cuestión.
New Horizons for Shipbuilding Process Improvement
Authors: Inozu Bahadir , Niccolai M. J. , Whitcomb Clifford A. , MacClaren Brian Brian , Radovic Ivan Ivan , Bourg David David 
Published: July 2021

“In 2004, we start an Initiative --Lean Six Sigma Initiative to achieve our Op Ex Goals. We will be conducting a number of on boarding sessions for Six Sigma with senior leaders in DOD, NAVY, and most importantly Defense Contractors. We will require Six Sigma training for direct reports.”
John Young, ASN (RDA)
The announcement of NAVSEA’s Lean Six Sigma initiative has ushered in a new era in the ways that naval combatants are designed, built, and operated. As the Navy’s budgetary constraints increase in the coming years, the challenges they face in the 21st century will grow. New levels of process performance are mandated. This paper first highlights the opportunities that the Lean Six Sigma roadmap brings to shipbuilding process improvement and then details the efforts to adopt Lean Six Sigma and align it with the continuous improvement initiative at NGSS. Aspects of management strategy, Design for Six Sigma, replicating process improvements as part of integrating Lean Six Sigma with Knowledge Management are discussed.