bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administrative services in the sphere of economic competition
Authors: Kozhevnikov V.O. 
Published: December 2021

The article considers the issues of administrative services provided by the bodies of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine and other bodies of public administration in the field of application of the legislation on protection of economic competition.
The range of subjects of public services in the field of application of the legislation on protection of economic competition to which it is offered to carry bodies of the Antimonopoly committee of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine is defined.
The list of services provided by the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine is determined. These include:
1) granting permission for concentration;
2) granting permission to coordinate actions;
3) issuance of additional copies of certified copies of decisions on issues provided for in part two of Article 34 of the Law of Ukraine "On Protection of Economic Competition";
4) preliminary conclusions on the qualification of actions (Article 14 of the Law of Ukraine "On Protection of Economic Competition");
5) preliminary conclusions on concentration, concerted actions.
It is proposed to extend the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Services" to services provided by the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine insofar as it does not contradict the legislation on protection of economic competition. Proposals have been developed to amend the Regulations on the procedure for submitting applications to the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine for prior obtaining a permit for concentration of economic entities in terms of clarifying the subjects of application for a concentration permit. Administrative services of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine are service activities of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine defined by normative legal acts aimed at meeting the private needs (interests) of business entities in the field of legal relations arising in connection with the application of legislation on protection of economic competition. related to the protection of their legitimate rights and interests). The administrative service of the bodies of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine is provided exclusively on the basis of the application of the relevant business entity. Based on the results of the administrative service, the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine provides the subject of the application with an administrative act (permit) or a document.
Reforming Constitutional Justice in Ukraine
Authors: Volska I.V. 
Published: December 2021

This article is swamped by the reform of the constitutional justice, which is envisaged by the strategy of development of the system of justice and constitutional justice for 2021 - 2023. The Constitutional Court of Ukraine is a body of constitutional jurisdiction, which provides the rule of the Constitution of Ukraine, solves the issue of the constitution of the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine and in the Constitution provided by the Constitution of other acts, carries out an official interpretation of the Constitution of Ukraine, as well as other powers in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine.
Independent and impartial constitutional legal proceedings are a guarantee of sustainable development of society and the state, a guarantee of observance of human rights and freedoms and citizens, rights and legitimate interests of legal entities, interests of the state, the growth of welfare and quality of life, creating an effective and equitable solution to legal disputes on the principles of the rule of law.
It is analyzed how the procedure for the selection of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and its legal status will change. The result of the strategy should be effective constitutional justice, which will ensure a fair consideration of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the adoption of substantiated decisions and conclusions. Judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine should be virtuous lawyers with a recognized level of professional competence and have high moral qualities, remaining free of any political influence and accountable only to society.
The state should ensure the independence and integrity of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, including through sufficient funding and creating proper conditions for the Constitutional Court of Ukraine.
Types of constitutional responsibilities of man and citizen in Ukraine and in the European Union
Authors: Hretsa S.M. 
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the range of responsibilities of man and citizen in Ukraine and the European Union, the formation of an approach to their classification. The following range of human responsibilities in the EU have been identified: equality between women and men in terms of pay; non-discrimination; respect for human dignity; receiving compulsory education; completion of compulsory school education. The following range of responsibilities of an EU citizen has been identified: to perform military service in relation to one of the EU member states; to be registered as conscripts in one of the EU member states. Such a range of human responsibilities has been established in Ukraine (strict observance of the Constitution of Ukraine and laws of Ukraine; non-encroachment on the rights and freedoms, honor and dignity of others; responsibilities in marriage and family; parents are obliged to maintain children until they reach adulthood adult children are obliged to take care of their disabled parents; to obtain a complete general secondary education; not to harm nature, cultural heritage; to compensate for damages; to pay taxes and fees in the manner and amount prescribed by law) and the duties of a citizen of Ukraine (protection of the Fatherland, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine; respect for the state symbols of Ukraine). According to these criteria, the responsibilities of man and citizen are classified into the following groups: criterion "subject": 1) human responsibilities; 2) responsibilities of a citizen; by the criterion of "form of implementation": 1) individual; 2) collective; by the criterion of "content": 1) economic; 2) social; 3) cultural; 4) political; 5) others; according to the criterion of "source" of consolidation: 1) enshrined in the founding treaties of the EU; 2) enshrined in international (additional) EU agreements with international organizations and other countries; 3) enshrined in regulations, directives, recommendations; conclusions; 4) contained in the decision of the Court of Justice, the conclusions of the Court of Justice; 5) contained in the national legislation of the EU member states, third countries; 6) according to the criterion of the circle of subjects in relation to which they are assigned: 1) in relation to other people; 2) in relation to the world community; 3) in relation to future generations.
Theoretical approaches to the definition and legal regulation of artificial intelligence
Authors: Kornieieva S.R. 
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of approaches to the legal regulation of artificial intelligence. At present time, issues of regulation of artificial intelligence and its impact on the exercise and protection of human rights are being at the stage of active development in the studies of scholars, mainly from European countries, and are less covered in scientific studies of scholars in Ukraine and other countries of the former Soviet Union. Given the trends of rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies, it can be presumed, that in the nearest future this topic will become the focus of many scholars in jurisprudence. In order to determine the place of artificial intelligence technologies in the legal system, it was conducted a general analysis of approaches to the legal regulation of this technology.
The analysis provides the review of the structure of legal regulation on the example of scientific developments and conclusions of the Council of Europe, as well as provides alternative approaches to definition of the subject-object nature of the concept of "artificial intelligence". Some scholars suggest legal regulation of "artificial intelligence" as an object of legal relations which is fully made and controlled by human. Other scholars suggest that "artificial intelligence" should be given subjective legal capacity, considering it as an autonomous and capable of taking responsibility for its own actions. The article provides the analysis the basis and possible consequences of the implementation of these two approaches in legal systems. The article also covers the rights and responsibilities of developers, owners and people who use artificial intelligence. The article partially covers the hybrid model of legal relations, in which part of public relations is exercised without human being.
It also defines the positive and negative consequences of the application of the approaches proposed by scholars.
The author emphasizes the low amount of studies concerning legal approaches and the lack of unified approach that could be applied in practice.
Jabalíes, cerdos y ritualidad en el Japón Pre y Protohistórico
Authors: Muñoz Fernández Irene M. 
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo analiza el papel de los suidos en la ritualidad protohistórica japonesa, tomando como base la aparición de una serie de restos óseos de estos animales en contextos rituales y/o con indicios de consumo ritual, especialmente en los periodos Jōmon (ca. 10,500-300 a.n.e.) y Yayoi (1,000-900 a.n.e.-250-300 d.n.e.),.
Pero antes de entrar de lleno en la problemática de estos ejemplares, es necesario realizar una retrospectiva del papel de dichos animales en el archipiélago japonés desde la Prehistoria, así como de la propia domesticación del cerdo en el continente asiático y su difusión por Asia Oriental hasta llegar a las islas japonesas. A este respecto, hay que tener en cuenta que existen tres ámbitos de estudio diferenciado en lo referente a los suidos en el archipiélago japonés: Hokkaidō, el archipiélago de las Ryūkyū y las islas de Kyūshū Honshū y Shikoku.
Optimisation of Modelling of Finite Element Differential Equations with Modern Art Design Theory
Authors: Liu Fugen , Zhang Tenghao , Alghazzawi Daniyal M. , Soltan Mohamed Abdeldayem Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A bridge structure is one of the most expressive forms of art design. The artistic expression of bridge structure combines different concepts of structural design and architectural art design. Finite element differential equations are widely used in bridge art design theory and based on these features, the paper adopts the bridge modal parameter recognition algorithm and uses the finite element model to modify and realise the bridge's artistic design. The simulation results show the feasibility of the author's attempt to use the finite element differential equation as the bridge structure art design carrier. After the finite element differential equation modelling, the bridge art structure correction is highly consistent with the experimental results.
The academization of the health professions in Austria: facts and figures / Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe in Österreich: Zahlen und Fakten
Authors: Mériaux-Kratochvila Silvia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dieser Beitrag stellt die Ausbildungssystematik der Gesundheitsberufe in Österreich vor sowie die Ausgangssituation für deren Akademisierung. Er zeigt weiter die förderlichen und hinderlichen Faktoren auf, die zum heutigen Status quo geführt haben. Aktuelle Zahlen geben einen Überblick zur statistischen Entwicklung; ein Fazit zieht eine insgesamt positive Bilanz zum Prozess und Stand der Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe in Österreich. Für die konsequente Umsetzung des gesamten Bologna-Zyklus’ mit konsekutivem Master und der Möglichkeit zum PhD für die Gesundheitsberufe sind aber noch wesentliche Schritte zu gehen. Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Vortrag mit dem gleichen Titel gehalten am VFWG-Symposium «Bachelor-Studiengänge in Österreich und der Schweiz: Modelle für die Therapie- und Pflegeberufe in Deutschland?» vom 8. September 2021.
Thoughts on law, money, spirit and headwinds in academization in Switzerland / (K)Ein Wunschkind, das Karriere macht - Gedanken zu Gesetz, Geld, Geist und Gegenwind bei der Akademisierung in der Schweiz
Authors: Sottas Beat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dieser Beitrag stellt die Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe in der Schweiz im historischen und politischen Kontext dar. Damalige und immer noch angeführte Pro- und Contra-Argumente zur Akademisierung werden aufgeführt. Ein Eins-zu-Eins-Vergleich mit Deutschland ist nicht möglich, aber einige Reflexionspunkte lassen sich für das Formulieren von Strategien nutzen: Aufgabenverteilung zwischen Mediziner/-innen und Therapie- und Pflegeberufen; politischer Wille mit Visionen für die Verbindung von Bildungs- und Gesundheitswesen, finanzielle Anreize mit Zielvorgaben. Aber auch die Fachhochschulen und Beruf(sverbände) müssen ihren Beitrag leisten. Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Vortrag mit dem gleichen Titel gehalten am VFWG-Symposium «Bachelor-Studiengänge in Österreich und der Schweiz: Modelle für die Therapie- und Pflegeberufe in Deutschland?» vom 8. September 2021.
Efficiency and equity – The Swedish economy in comparison to other countries at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Czarny Bogusław , Czarny Elżbieta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractReferring to economic ideals of efficiency and equity, we are comparing the state of the Swedish economy in the early 21st century to the situation in other countries, especially the other Nordic countries, the United States (US), and Poland. After presenting the basic facts about Nordic countries we examine the issue of economic efficiency. In addition to gross domestic product (GDP) we use the Human Development Index (HDI), the findings of the economics of happiness, and the number of registered triadic patent families as measures of efficiency. Then we analyze the issue of equity. We use the Gini coefficient, the extent of poverty, the level of unemployment, and the level of intergenerational mobility of earnings as measures of equity.The analysis reveals that inhabitants of Sweden and the other Nordic countries have been achieving some of the best economic results in the world. This applies to the level of GDP per capita in these countries, to the capability of inhabitants to utilize their full potential, and to their life satisfaction. These countries’ ability to create innovation is impressive. At the same time, Nordics have successfully reduced the scale of social inequalities and ensured relatively equal opportunities for all citizens. This is evidenced by low income inequality, low unemployment, and low poverty rate in these countries.Sweden and the other Nordic countries are superior to the US both in terms of efficiency and equity. Poland, on the other hand, lags far behind Nordics, as well as the US, in terms of efficiency, as exemplified by the relatively low GDP per capita and very low innovation in Poland. In terms of equity, however, Poland loses to Nordics but seems to win to the US.
Effect of water quality on the spatial distribution of charophytes in the Peshawar Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khuram Izaz , Ahmad Nadeem , Barinova Sophia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe presented research was conducted in 2018–2019 in the Peshawar Valley, Pakistan, to study for the first time the effect of water quality on the spatial distribution of charophytes. A total of six taxa of charophytes were found at 41 sites in the Peshawar Valley along the banks of seven rivers, 16 streams and two wetlands:Chara brauniiC.C.Gmelin,C. connivensSalzmann ex A. Braun,C. contrariaA. Braun ex Kützing,C. globularisThuiller,C. vulgarisLinnaeus, andNitellopsis obtusa(Desvaux) J. Groves.Chara vulgariswas the most abundant species, followed byC. globularis, andC. contraria. Water pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) were within the permissible limits for Pakistan, while water temperature, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and resistivity showed deviations. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that DO affectedChara vulgaris,pH and resistivity affectedC. braunii, C. connivensandC. globularis, temperature and ORP affectedC. contrariaandNitellopsis obtusa.Furthermore, CCA showed that TDS, EC, and salinity had no effect on the spatial distribution ofChara contraria,C. vulgarisandNitellopsis obtusa.Chara contrariaandNitellopsis obtusashould be protected under VU (Vulnerable) status (IUCN) along with their habitats.
Tunisian inland water microflora as a source of phycobiliproteins and biological activity with beneficial effects on human health
Authors: Gharbi Khaled , Fathalli Afef , Essid Rym , Fassatoui Chiheb , Romdhane Mohamed Salah , Limam Ferid , Rejeb Jenhani Amel Ben 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ten monoclonal microalgal cultures were obtained from several Tunisian inland water bodies, and their dichloromethane and methanolic extracts were screened for antibacterial, antileishmanial, and antioxidant properties, as well as phycobiliprotein production capacity. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii has been shown to synthesize high levels of phycocyanin and may be an effective alternative source to other sources used for commercial production of phycocyanin. Chroococcus sp. and Leptolyngbya sp1. exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity against DPPH (IC50 = 212.15 and 263.91 μg ml−1, respectively), indicating their promising potential for use as new effective and non-toxic antioxidants. Furthermore, Dunaliella sp. showed an interesting antileishmanial activity against the pathogens Leishmania infantum and Leishmania major (IC50 = 151 and 284 μg ml−1, respectively), thus representing a good candidate for use against cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia, a country endemic to these diseases where thousands of new cases are registered every year. These results suggest that the strains of microalgae featured in this work have the potential to serve as natural alternative, safe and sustainable sources of high value-added products that could be used to improve the final biomass value.
Growth pattern, mortality and reproductive biology of common sole,Solea solea(Linneaus, 1758), in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey
Authors: Kahraman Abdullah Ekrem , Yıldız Taner , Uzer Uğur , Çanak Özgür 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe study deals with the growth pattern, mortality, and reproduction of common sole,Solea solea(Linneaus, 1758), from the Sea of Marmara (Turkey). A total of 580 fish specimens were sampled monthly from October 2017 to September 2018. The total length of all sampled individuals ranged from 11.1 to 29.5 cm, corresponding to ages from 1 to 3 years. The length–weight relationship was expressed as W = 0.022 TL2.6838, where the slope indicated negative allometric growth. Growth parameters wereL∞= 33.7 cm,k= 0.48, andt0= −0.18 for all samples. A seasonally oscillating growth model, indicating the amplitude of oscillations, revealed an important seasonal growth pattern. Total, natural, and fishing mortality rates were calculated as 1.42, 0.47, and 1.01, respectively. The exploitation ratio (E = 0.68) indicates that the fishing pressure on the common sole in the Sea of Marmara was high. The sex ratio (♀/♂) was 1.18. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) for females showed that two main spawning seasons were observed: one in spring (May) and one in autumn (September–October). Sizes at the onset of sexual maturity were estimated for both females and males at 21.6 and 18.6 cm, respectively.
Efeito comportamental em modelos experimentais de depressão por microinjeções do peptídeo liberador de gastrina via intra nucleus accumbens
Authors: Almeida Rodrigo de , Henna Neto Jorge , Silva Eduardo Ernani Piazza da 
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O Transtorno Depressivo Maior é uma condição médica comum na população, que pode atingir não somente a capacidade mental, mas também a capacidade física, causando inclusive incapacidade laboral. A sua causa ainda permanece desconhecida, apesar de algumas teorias terem ganhado espaço, como as hipóteses da neurogênese e da neuroplasticidade, que surgiram num contexto onde a clássica hipótese das monoaminas já não explica todos os casos. Nesse contexto, uma forte associação entre a hiperatividade do eixo hipotálamo-pituitária-adrenal, bem como dos hormônios do trato gastrointestinal, foram destacados em estudos, levantando a hipótese de a depressão ter fatores metabólicos associados, levando inclusive a caracterização de doença metabólica segundo alguns autores. Objetivos: Desta forma, o presente estudo busca analisar o feito comportamental do hormônio do trato gastrointestinal GRP tendo em vista as evidências presentes sobre a possível relação deste com a fisiopatologia da depressão. Método: Foram selecionados 20 camundongos Swiss para realização do procedimento da derrota social, análise com teste do nado forçado e intervenção com Fluoxetina no controle e GRP no experimental. Resultados: O estresse de derrota social aumentou o tempo de imobilidade no teste do nado forçado em 13 segundos nos camundongos submissos, a injeção de GRP reduziu o tempo de imobilidade com uma diferença de 78 segundos para o grupo controle tratado com Fluoxetina. Conclusão: Assim, o GRP, comparado aos outros hormônios estudados na depressão apresentou efeito positivo no quadro depressivo e possível terapia para seu tratamento.
MICROBE PATTERN AND RISK FACTORS OF DEEP NECK ABSCESS PATIENTS IN ATMA JAYA HOSPITAL
Authors: Hartedja Kendrick Klaudius , Yue Ricky , Moehario Lucky H. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Deep neck abscess is a pus accumulation in the space and tissue of the cervical fascia caused by an infection and has the potential for several complications. Appropriate use of antibiotics can prevent these complications, but long culture time has been a main concern. Diabetes and oral hygiene are identified as commonly found risk factors for deep neck abscess. This study aims to analyze patients’ characteristics and the usage of antibiotics in treating deep neck abscess patients in Atma Jaya Hospital as well as assessing the effect of diabetes and oral hygiene as the causes for deep neck abscess.
Methods: This was a cohort retrospective, descriptive analytic study. The samples were from 23 deep neck abscess patients undergoing treatment in Atma Jaya Hospital and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Chi square and Fisher exact test were used to determine the significance effect of diabetes and higiene oral in relation to deep neck abscess.
Results: There were more male patients than female patients with age range 20-30 years old. Streptococcus viridans and Streptococcus pyogenes were the most common bacteria causing deep neck abscesses. Metronidazole, gentamicin and ceftriaxone were the most widely used antibiotics and it had shown great compatibility to fight against germs found in this disease. Statistical test results on the effect of oral hygiene oral to submandibular abscesses, peritonsillar, and Ludwig’s angina were p(AS)=0.605, p(AP)=1.000, and p(LA)=1.000, while of diabetes were p(AS)=0.685, p(AP)=0.657, and p(LA)=1.000.
Conclusion: Deep neck abscess tends to occur in male patients of productive age. Metronidazole, gentamicin and ceftriaxone were the recommended empiric antibiotics. There was no significant relationship between oral hygiene and diabetes on the occurrence of deep neck abscesses.