bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and associated factors of poor medication adherence among diabetic and hypertensive patients visiting public health facilities in Ethiopia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shimels Tariku , Asrat Kassu Rodas , Bogale Gelila , Bekele Mahteme , Getnet Melsew , Getachew Abrham , Shewamene Zewdneh , Abraha Mebratu 
Published: April 2021

Objective
This study aims to assess the magnitude and associated factors of poor medication adherence among diabetic and hypertensive patients visiting public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A multi-site cross-sectional design was conducted from 1st through 30th of August 2020 at public health facilities of the study area. Adult outpatients with T2DM and hypertension visiting hospitals and health centers were included in the study. A proportion to size allocation method was used to determine the required sample size per facility. Data was collected using the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze data. A 95% confidence interval and p≤0.05 statistical significance was considered to determine factors associated with poor medication adherence.

Results
A total of 409 patients were included in the present study. About 57% of the patients reported that the COVID-19 pandemic has posed negative impacts on either of their follow-up visits, availability of medications, or affordability of prices. And, 21% have reported that they have been affected in all aspects. The overall magnitude of poor medication adherence was 72%. Patients with extreme poverty were more likely to have good medication adherence (AOR: 0.59; 95%C.I: 0.36–0.97), whereas attendance to a health center (AOR: 1.71; 95%C.I: 1.02–2.85), presence of comorbidity (AOR: 2.05; 95%C.I: 1.13–3.71), and current substance use history (AOR: 11.57; 95%C.I: 1.52–88.05) predicted high odds of poor adherence.

Conclusion
Over a three-fourth of the patients, in the study setting, have poor adherence to their anti-diabetic and antihypertensive medications. Health facility type, income level, comorbidity, and current substance use history showed a statistically significant association with poor adherence to medication. Stakeholders should set alternative strategies as perceived impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on medication adherence are high in the study area.
Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on broiler growth performance: A meta-analysis
Authors: Feng Chao , Wuren Qiqige , Zhang Xinyu , Sun Xiaoying , Na Qin 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveA meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of dietary chromium picolinate (CrPic) supplementation on broiler growth performance and to determine whether such effects are regulated by broiler strains, sex, environmental stress, or contextual factors including study area and years.MethodsEligible studies were identified by searching the Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online databases. Weighted average differences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed with a random-effects model. We performed subgroup analysis stratified by study area, published years, broiler strains and sex, and environmental stress. Publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test method. A total of 15 studies eligible for inclusion.ResultsThe results indicated that CrPic supplementation significantly improved broiler growth performance and subgroup analysis confirmed this conclusion. We also found that Ross 308 or male broilers might be more sensitive to CrPic supplementation and showed better growth performance. A model was used to obtain the amount of chromium addition under the optimal growth performance, which suggested that the maximum value of average daily gain (ADG) was reached when chromium addition was 1810 μg/kg. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed low sensitivity and high stability of the meta-analysis.ConclusionsCrPic supplementation had a positive effect on the growth performance of broilers, and this meta-analysis provides a more accurate value of chromium addition, which may be beneficial for the practice of the broiler industry.
1997-2017 : An assessment of two decades of immigration in Belgium
Authors: Vause Sophie 
Published: April 2021

Résumé
Aujourd’hui plus qu’hier, présenter des chiffres clairs sur l’immigration constitue une nécessité, mais également un défi. Cet article tente de démêler quelques chiffres-clés pour apporter un éclairage sur les flux récents d’immigration et d’asile en Belgique. Ces dernières années, le nombre d’entrées d’étrangers a atteint un niveau historiquement élevé. En 2017, près de 140 000 immigrations internationales ont été enregistrées. Les citoyens de l’UE représentent plus de la moitié de ces immigrations. Derrière une tendance migratoire globalement en hausse depuis la fin des années 1990, des logiques migratoires assez contrastées peuvent être dégagées. Depuis 2014 par exemple, les Français se font devancer par les Roumains dans les immigrations étrangères vers la Belgique, depuis lors en tête de classement. Depuis plus de cinquante ans l’immigration marocaine figure parmi les principaux flux d’immigration, mais cette migration ancienne est freinée récemment par un regroupement familial rendu plus difficile. Les immigrations de Syriens enregistrées en Belgique ont par contre fortement augmenté, plaçant la Syrie dans le top cinq des pays d’origine des immigrants en 2016 et 2017.
Abstract
Today more than yesterday, presenting clear immigration Figures is a necessity, but also a challenge. This article aims to unravel some key Figures to shed light on recent immigration and asylum flows in Belgium. In recent years, the number of entries of foreigners in Belgium has reached a historically high level. In 2017, nearly 140,000 international immigrants were registered. EU citizens accounted for more than half of these immigrants. Behind a migration trend that has been on the rise since the end of the 1990s, contrasting migratory patterns can be identified. Since 2014, for example, the French have been more numerous than Romanians among foreign immigrants to Belgium and have been at the top of the list ever since. For more than fifty years Moroccan immigration has been one of the main immigration flows, but this long‐standing migration has recently been slowed down by family reunification, which has become more difficult. Registered Syrian immigration to Belgium has risen sharply, placing Syria in the top five countries of origin of immigrants in 2016 and 2017.
A study of acute toxicity of dry extracts of the earth almond (chufa) tubers and herb
Authors: Marchyshyn S. M. , Slobodianiuk L. V. , Ivasiuk I. M. 
Published: April 2021

The aim of the work – to study the acute toxicity of dry extracts obtained from herb and tubers of the earth almond.
Materials and methods. The objects of research were dry extracts obtained from herb and tubers of the Cyperus esculentus L. (chufa). Acute toxicity of dry extracts, obtained from the earth almond herb and tubers, was studied with V. B. Prozorovskyi’s method on 42 white nonlinear mice of both sexes weighing 21–25 g, divided into groups (each comprising 3 males and 3 females). The studied extracts were administered once intraperitoneally in doses of 1000 mg/kg, 3000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg. The animals were observed for 14 days.
Results. Single intraperitoneal administration of dry extracts obtained from herb and tubers of the earth almond at doses of 1000 mg/kg, 3000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg did not affect the dynamics of mice’s body weight in comparison with the control group. Experimental and control animals gained weight in accordance with physiological norms. External examination of the animals showed no signs of pathological changes in their condition: the hair and skin were clean, the subcutaneous layer of adipose tissue was moderate, signs of skin damage and inflammatory lesions were not observed on the mucous membranes. Besides, visual estimation of the internal organs condition showed no signs of pathological changes.
Conclusions. According to the results of acute toxicity determination based on the classification by K. K. Sydorov, dry extracts obtained from herb and tubers of the earth almond, can be attributed to class VI toxicity – almost harmless substances, LD50 >5000 mg/kg.
Determination of content of indole alkaloids in cell biomass of Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. ex Kurz tissue culture
Authors: Bieda O. A. , Konvaliuk I. I. , Mozhylevska L. P. , Lukashov S. S. , Kunakh V. A. , Yarmoluk S. M. 
Published: April 2021

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common human diseases, hence, the production of cardiological (in particular, anti-arrhythmic) medications from the natural sources is an ever-actual task. Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. is a tropical fruticose plant that is able to produce and concentrate indole alkaloids, especially ajmaline and its derivatives, which are the most effective medications against ventricular arrhythmia with low side effects.
Aim of the study. Determination of the qualitative and quantitative content of indole alkaloids in cell biomass of Rauwolfia serpentina tissue culture, obtained by the prolonged in vitro growth.
Materials and methods. Object: cell biomass of Rauwolfia serpentina tissue culture (K-27 strain), obtained by methods of long-term cell selection in vitro. Alkaloids content determination: TSQ Vantage LC-MS (ThermoFischer Scientific).
Results. 20 indole alkaloids are found in cell biomass of Rauwolfia serpentina tissue culture (K-27 strain). The highest content is registered for ajmaline and its derivatives (0.690 % mass. for ajmaline). The contents of reserpine and yohimbine were found to be as low as 0.009 % and 0.020 %, respectively.
Conclusions. It is established that the content of indole alkaloids is higher in K-27 strain in comparison to natural plant and is stable over more than 30 years of its growth. Total alkaloids content was found to be 2.8 % of dry cell biomass, and total ajmaline-type alkaloids content (including ajmaline) was found to be 1.6 % of dry cell biomass. In contrast, the total alkaloid contents in the natural plant material is reported to be in the range of 0.8–1.3 %.
Assessment of the Impact of Experience Marketing Dimensions on City Loyalty
Authors: Zikienė Kristina , Gagiškytė Laura 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article aims to identify the importance of experience marketing dimensions for city residents’ and visitors’ loyalty. The theoretical part of this article analyses the concepts of experience and city marketing, city customers and their importance to the city, and distinguishes the main dimensions of experience marketing in the city. During the quantitative research, the impact of experience marketing dimensions on the loyalty of Kaunas city residents and visitors was determined. Also, using regression analysis the relation between the evaluation of experience marketing dimensions of Kaunas city residents and visitors and the behavioural and attitudinal loyalty was established.
Using water wall like air humidifier
Authors: Čákyová Katarína , Vranay František , Vranayová Zuzana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper presents experimental results of the study of falling water film evaporation from water wall. The contribution is divided into several parts. The introduction is devoted to the theoretical part of the use, then the prototype of the water wall is presented and its most important parts are described. In order to verify the humidification performance of the water wall, experimental verification under laboratory conditions (climate chamber) was chosen. One task for the definition of water wall evaporation potential is to determine and develop the measuring system, which is clearly defined in article. The present document describes the methodology and boundary conditions during experiments. Plate heat exchanger ensured a water temperature in the system approximately 23 °C hot during all measurements. A total of 4 measurements were performed at different air temperatures and relative humidity. The results showed that at different temperatures and relative humidity of air, the water wall has a different humidification performance.
Diseños epidemiológicos y dinámica de producción científica en los trabajos de grado de una facultad de odontología colombiana
Authors: Rodríguez Martha Juliana , Sánchez Juan José , Concha-Sánchez Sonia Constanza 
Published: April 2021

Determinar el diseño de estudio epidemiológico y la dinámica de producción científica en los trabajos de grado presentados como requisito de grado de los programas de pregrado y posgrado de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Santo Tomás Seccional Bucaramanga.Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con la totalidad de los trabajos de grado de la Facultad de Odontología publicados en el Repositorio Institucional. Se incluyó la información proveniente del “registro completo del ítem” de los 479 trabajos que no estuvieran repetidos y que su fecha de publicación fuera posterior a 2014. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: disponibilidad en texto completo, número de estudiantes, nombre del director, nivel de escolaridad del mismo, número de codirectores, nivel de escolaridad del primer codirector, año de publicación, programa académico, tipo de estudio y divulgación en revistas científicas. Se calcularon frecuencias y proporciones para las variables cualitativas, y medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para las cuantitativas.Se evidenció que 338 (71,0%) trabajos de grado fueron publicados por pregrado y 360 (75,6%) estaban disponibles en texto completo. Se encontró que 252 (52,9%) correspondían a estudios observacionales; de estos, 237 (94,1%) eran de corte transversal. Más de la mitad de los trabajos de grado fueron dirigidos por docentes con maestría. Trece (2,7%) trabajos de grado fueron publicados en nueve revistas científicas de las cuales seis eran colombianas.El diseño epidemiológico más utilizado en los trabajos de grado fue el observacional de corte transversal al verse reflejado en 237 (94,1%) documentos.
El imaginario artístico de “lo vasco”. Prácticas y políticas culturales a finales del siglo XX
Authors: Lekuona Mariscal Ane 
Published: April 2021

El artículo analiza el cruce iniciado a partir de los años de la transición entre el discurso cultural del Gobierno Vasco y la difusión reiterada del lenguaje plástico de los escultores que habían participado en los años sesenta en el grupo guipuzcoano Gaur. Se estudian las razones que motivaron esta unión entre las directrices políticas y el imaginario artístico, así como los cambios que se han ido produciendo hasta la actualidad y sus efectos. Por otra parte, se analiza la relación entre dicho fenómeno y la configuración de la historia del arte del País Vasco de la segunda mitad del siglo xx.
Antibacterial Activities of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) Fruit Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae
Authors: Milanda Tiana , Barliana Melisa I. , Rosidah Rosidah , Kusuma Arif S.W 
Published: April 2021

Medinilla speciosa (M. speciosa) Blume is a plant originating from Mount Muria, Kudus District, Central Java, Indonesia. Its fruit has been used by the local community to treat mouth sores, diarrhea, inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, cancer, bacterial infection and nutrients for pregnant women. However, the antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and Shigella dysentriae (S. dysentriae) is yet unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activities of M. speciosa fruit extracts against clinical strain of S. typhi and S. dysentriae. Plant determination and sample preparation were conducted. The fruits of M. speciosa were extracted by gradual maseration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents. Phytochemicals were screened by Fransworth method. Antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values and comparison study of antibacterial activity were determined. The results showed that all of the extracts exhibited antibacterial activities, with the greatest activity shown by the methanol extract. This extract was more effective against S. dysenteriae than S. typhi, as evidenced by the largest inhibition diameter and lowest MIC (25 mg/mL) and MBC (50 mg/mL) values. With regard to the results of phytochemical screening, the antibacterial activity of methanol extract could be due to the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quinones, saponins and tannins. From the comparative antibacterial activity value indicated that in order to give the same inhibition diameter with 1 ppm of chloramphenicol, 312.3 ppm methanol extract is needed. It can be conclude that M. speciosa fruit has a potential to be developed as natural antibacterial agent, especially to treat bacillary dysentery
SELF-TIMED LOOK UP TABLE FOR ULAs AND FPGAs
Authors: Tyurin S. F. , Skornyakova A. Yu. , Stepchenkov Y. A. , Diachenko Y. G. 
Published: April 2021

Context. Self-Timed Circuits, proposed by D. Muller on the rise of the digital era, continues to excite researchers’ minds. These circuits started with the task of improving performance by taking into account real delays. Then Self-Timed Circuits have moved into the field of green computing. At last, they are currently positioned mainly in the field of fault tolerance. There is much redundancy in Self-Timed Circuits. It is believed that Self-Timed Circuits approaches will be in demand in the nano-circuitry when a synchronous approach becomes impossible. Strictly Self-Timed Circuits check transition process completion for each gate’s output. For this, they use so-called D. Muller elements (C-elements, hysteresis flip-flops, G-flip-flops). Usually, Self-Timed Circuits are designed on Uncommitted Logic Array. Now an extensive base of Uncommitted Logic Array Self-Timed gates exists. It is believed that SelfTimed Circuits are not compatible with FPGA technology. However, attempts to create self-timed FPGAs do not stop. The article proposes a Self-Timed Lookup Table for the Self-Timed Uncommitted Logic Array and the Self-Timed FPGA, carried out either by constants or utilizing additional memory cells. Authors proposed 1,2 – Self-Timed Lookup Table and described simulation results.
Objective. The work’s goal is the analysis and design of the Strictly Self-Timed universal logic element based on Uncommitted Logic Array cells and pass-transistors circuits.
Methods. Analysis and synthesis of the Strictly Self-Timed circuits with Boolean algebra. Simulation of the proposed element in the CAD “ARC”, TRANAL program, system NI Multisim by National Instruments Electronics Workbench Group, and layout design by Microwind. The reliability theory and reliability calculations in PTC Mathcad.
Results. Authors designed, analyzed, and proved the Self-Timed Lookup Table’s workability for the Uncommitted Logic Arrays and FPGAs. Layouts of the novel logic gates are ready for manufacturing.
Conclusions. The conducted studies allow us to use proposed circuits in perspective digital devices.
UNIVERSAL METHOD FOR COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF THRESHOLD PHENOMENON IN THE NONSTEADY BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors: Perevaryukha A. Yu. 
Published: April 2021

Context. In modern conditions occur abrupt changes in ecosystems. The species composition of Caspian Sea is changing rapidly. The dynamics of populations acquires an extreme character with the development of rapid invasions. The mathematical description of scale transformations requires new modeling methods. Complicated population regimes of changes have features of the threshold phenomenon in process of its development.
Objective. We set the goal of computational modeling of practically important scenarios – groups of situations that relate to extreme and transitional dynamics of ecosystems, like outbreaks at the onset of dangerous invasions. We are developing a method that, on the basis of the survival model of generations, will conduct a description of sudden transitions to rapid but limited outbreak of numbers or, on contrary, a collapse of stocks like Atlantic cod in 1992 or Peruan anchovy Engraulis ringens in 1985. The purpose of our modeling is to improve the accuracy of forecasts of the population size when experts are estimates a rational strategy for the exploitation of biological resources.
Method. Situations of abrupt but short-term changes in population processes cannot be calculated by traditional mathematical models and expressed in terms of asymptotic dynamics – closed limit trajectory sets. The basis of the idea of the method proposed by us is the formalization of nonlinear efficiency of reproduction, which changes in a threshold manner only in strictly defined environmental conditions. We use continuous-discrete time in the model for early ontognosis of the cod fish and insect pests. The method with triggers allows us to take into account in simulation experiments logic and motivation of making decisions by experts, people who manage the strategy of exploiting biological resources. Models assess variability for development of situations
Results. We have implemented new method of bounded trigger functionals into hybrid system of the equations, that acting in selected specific states of biosystems. Analysis of new model scenarios with modifications of functionals in the basic hybrid system for extreme situations in fish and insect pests is carried out.
Conclusions. We consider the method to be universal, since selection of the functional can be adapted to a wide class of models using differential equations on a fixed interval.
From practitioner to patient - My COVID journey
Authors: Metsing Nthabiseng 
Published: April 2021

It was on Wednesday the 24th of June when I started to feel fluish. Considering the pandemic that the world is currently facing, my first thought was that it may be COVID-19 yet there was another part of me that dismissed it. Within a few hours of these first symptoms, my throat felt like I had swallowed a ball of fire, I was coughing, had a severe headache, and I was feeling very cold despite sitting in front of the heater.
I self-medicated and went to bed early and took a decision to self-isolate for 7 days. The next day I woke up feeling much better, so I told myself it may not be COVID-19 since it responded to the previous night's remedies. I continued using some over-the-counter preparations, however on Friday I woke up and realized I lost my senses of taste and smell and I had no appetite. By Saturday I started to feel weak and lethargic and I couldn't even get myself out of bed. I tried to eat but food nauseated me.
Perforation of the palate - A report of two Syphilitic Gumma cases
Authors: Titinchi Fadi , Behardien Nashreen , Morkel Jean , Opperman Johan 
Published: April 2021

Syphilis has recently shown resurgence in its incidence especially in immune-compromised patients. We present two cases of tertiary syphilis in middle-aged males with large perforations in the hard and soft palates, one of which had Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection. Diagnosis was initially difficult due to non-specific features mimicking other conditions such as perforation of cocaine abuse aetiology, neoplastic conditions, sarcoi-dosis, fungal infections, bacterial infections other than Treponema pallidum and Wegeners granulomatosis. With special investigations including Anti-Treponema Immunohistochemistry and histology, however, a definitive diagnosis of syphilitic gumma was reached. Intravenous penicillin was the mainstay of management along with treatment of the underlying medical conditions. A removable acrylic obturator was used to close the oro-nasal fistula to improve swallowing and speech. Syphilis should be included as a differential diagnosis in cases of palatal perforation.