bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early course of newly diagnosed moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis in Korea: Results from a hospital‐based inception cohort study (MOSAIK)
Authors: Yoon Jin Young , Cha Jae Myung , Lee Chang Kyun , Park Young Sook , Huh Kyu Chan , Shin Jeong Eun , Kim You Sun , Eun Chang Soo , Yoon Soon Man , Cheon Jae Hee , Park Young Soo , Ye Byong Duk , Lee YoungJa , Kim Youngdoe , Kim Hyo Jong ,   the MOSAIK study group of the Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases (KASID)
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and AimNo inception cohort study has ever evaluated the early course of moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis (UC) within 1 year of diagnosis in the non‐Caucasian population. We aimed to investigate the early clinical course of moderate‐to‐severe UC patients in terms of remission, relapse, UC‐related hospitalizations, colectomy, mortality, and overall use of medications.MethodsIn the MOSAIK inception cohort, which is an ongoing multicenter, prospective, hospital‐based, observational cohort, 354 patients with moderate‐to‐severe UC were followed up for 1 year. Main outcomes of UC and predictive factors for medication use over the course of 1 year were evaluated.ResultAmong 354 patients, 276 (78.0%) patients were followed up for 1 year. The rates of remission, relapse, UC‐related hospitalizations, and proximal disease extension were 95.3%, 39.6%, 15.2%, and 12.3%, respectively. Systemic corticosteroids, thiopurines, and biologics were administered to 61.2%, 30.4%, and 10.5% of patients, respectively, throughout 1 year. One year after, 58.2% patients experienced remission or mild endoscopic activity. Overall disease courses did not show much difference according to moderate or severe disease activity at baseline. In addition, no colectomy and mortality were observed for 1 year. Predictive factors for medication use included disease severity, disease extent, endoscopic severity, and presence of periappendiceal inflammation at baseline for corticosteroid, disease extent and initial corticosteroid use for thiopurine, and only initial corticosteroid use for biologics.ConclusionKorean patients with moderate‐to‐severe UC may have more favorable early outcomes than Western patients. However, outcomes of them need to be further looked into for a longer time.
SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody detection in skilled nursing facility residents
Authors: White Elizabeth M. , Saade Elie A. , Yang Xiaofei , Canaday David H. , Blackman Carolyn , Santostefano Christopher M. , Nanda Aman , Feifer Richard A. , Mor Vincent , Rudolph James L. , Gravenstein Stefan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the frequency and timing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibody detection in a convenience sample of skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents with and without confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.DesignRetrospective analysis of SNF electronic health records.SettingQualitative SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody test results were available from 81 SNFs in 16 states.ParticipantsSix hundred and sixty nine SNF residents who underwent both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody testing for SARS‐CoV‐2.MeasurementsPresence of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies following the first positive PCR test for confirmed cases, or first PCR test for non‐cases.ResultsAmong 397 residents with PCR‐confirmed infection, antibodies were detected in 4 of 7 (57.1%) tested within 7–14 days of their first positive PCR test; in 44 of 47 (93.6%) tested within 15–30 days; in 182 of 219 (83.1%) tested within 31–60 days; and in 110 of 124 (88.7%) tested after 60 days. Among 272 PCR negative residents, antibodies were detected in 2 of 9 (22.2%) tested within 7–14 days of their first PCR test; in 41 of 81 (50.6%) tested within 15–30 days; in 65 of 148 (43.9%) tested within 31–60 days; and in 9 of 34 (26.5%) tested after 60 days. No significant differences in baseline resident characteristics or symptoms were observed between those with versus without antibodies.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that vulnerable older adults can mount an antibody response to SARS‐CoV‐2, and that antibodies are most likely to be detected within 15–30 days of diagnosis. That antibodies were detected in a large proportion of residents with no confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection highlights the complexity of identifying who is infected in real time. Frequent surveillance and diagnostic testing based on low thresholds of clinical suspicion for symptoms and/or exposure will remain critical to inform strategies designed to mitigate outbreaks in SNFs while community SARS‐CoV‐2 prevalence remains high.
The Shadow Margins of Labor Market Slack
Authors: FABERMAN R. JASON , MUELLER ANDREAS I. , ŞAHIN* AYŞEGÜL , TOPA GIORGIO 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe use a mix of new and existing data to develop the Aggregate Hours Gap (AHG), a novel measure of labor market underutilization. Our measure differentiates individuals by detailed categories of labor market participation and uses data on their desired work hours as a measure of their potential labor supply. We show that desired hours vary widely by demographics and detailed labor force status, and that the gap between desired and actual work hours is strongly positively correlated with reported search effort. The AHG suggests a more sluggish labor market recovery since the Great Recession than either the official unemployment rate or alternative measures of labor market underutilization. Modest amounts of underutilization among the part‐time employed and a substantial degree of underutilization among those out of the labor force account for the disparity. The AHG also does well in accounting for wage movements over our sample period.
Bond Risk Premia and The Exchange Rate
Authors: HOFMANN BORIS , SHIM ILHYOCK , SHIN HYUN SONG 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn emerging market economies, currency appreciation goes hand in hand with compressed sovereign bond spreads, even for local currency sovereign bonds. This yield compression comes from a reduction in the credit risk premium. Crucially, the relevant exchange rate involved in yield compression is the bilateral U.S. dollar exchange rate, not the trade‐weighted exchange rate. Our findings highlight endogenous co‐movement of bond risk premia and exchange rates through the portfolio choice of global investors who evaluate returns in dollar terms.
A Further Look at the Propagation of Monetary Policy Shocks in HANK
Authors: ALVES FELIPE , KAPLAN GREG , MOLL BENJAMIN , VIOLANTE GIOVANNI L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe provide quantitative guidance on whether and to what extent different elements of Heterogeneous Agent New Keynesian (HANK) models amplify or dampen the response of aggregate consumption to a monetary policy shock. We emphasize four findings. First, the introduction of capital adjustment costs does not affect the aggregate response, but does change the transmission mechanism so that a larger share of indirect effects originates from equity prices rather than from labor income. Second, incorporating estimated unequal incidence functions for aggregate labor income fluctuations leads to either amplification or dampening, depending on the data and estimation methods. Third, distribution rules for monopoly profits that allocate a larger share to liquid assets lead to greater amplification. Fourth, assumptions about the fiscal reaction to a monetary policy shock have a stronger effect on the aggregate consumption response than any of the other three elements.
Left behind parents: A qualitative study on the experience of parental abduction of a child in Portugal
Authors: Tavares Ana , Crespo Carla , Ferreira Luana , Ribeiro Maria T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractParental abduction of a child occurs when the child is removed, by one parent, from the custody of the other parent or legally appointed guardians. The absence of the child has a profound impact on family members and significantly affects their lives. Also, parental abduction of a child is a relevant social problem which calls for further understanding. The aim of this research was to characterize the experiences of left behind parents in the context of parental abduction of a child. The data for this exploratory qualitative study were analyzed through thematic analysis of the semi‐structured interviews carried out with eight male participants in Portugal. Participants' perceptions were organized around three main themes: the impact of this adverse event on different areas of their lives, recovery strategies, and perspectives regarding the future. Findings and their implications for professionals working with these families are discussed in light of the ambiguous loss and ambiguous boundaries frameworks.
Acute isolated trigeminal neuropathy following calcium hydroxylapatite‐based soft tissue filler injection: A case report
Authors: Mingazova Leniza , Karpova Elena , Murakov Stanislav , Orlova Olga , Golubev Valery , Cotofana Sebastian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundSoft tissue filler injections are frequently performed with a relatively low number of severe adverse events reported. While venous complications have been described, the majority of adverse events are generally associated with the arterial vascular system. Intra‐arterial product application can present with pain, skin discoloration, and potential tissue loss and/or injection related visual compromise.AimWe present the clinical case and the consecutive symptomology of a 39‐year‐old woman injected with calcium hydroxylapatite at the zygomatic arch with five perpendicular needle (27G 12mm) supraperiosteal bolus injections of 0.2 cc per site.MethodsImmediately after the injections, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness occurred. Additionally, left‐sided loss of sensation of her face, scalp, oral, and nasal mucosa occurred, with absence of left corneal reflex and ipsi‐lateral ear congestion. Subsequently, left‐sided masseteric atrophy and dysphagia occurred.ResultsOne year after the injection procedure the sensory loss of her facial skin and scalp persisted, while the other symptoms improved. Medications involved in the symptomatic (not causal) partial recovery process were Dexamethasone, Vitamin B complex, Vinpocetine, Pentoxifyllin, and Thioctic acid.ConclusionThe symptoms presented and the time‐related relationship to the injection procedure increases the likeliness of an association between the administration of the calcium hydroxylapatite product and a lesion of the trigeminal ganglion. The resulting symptoms can altogether be related to the functions of the ganglion. The connecting pathway between the injection site and the ganglion can be explained by the arterial vascular pathway.
Evaluation of evidence for exercise intervention in patients with cancer‐related fatigue during chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Song Jihong , Wang Tao , Wang Yujie , Hong Jinsheng , Li Rong , Niu Sitian , Zhuo Litao , Li Xiaomei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAim and objectivesThis systematic review evaluated evidence quality for exercise intervention in patients with cancer‐related fatigue (CRF) during chemoradiotherapy to provide evidence‐based clinical guidance.BackgroundCancer‐related fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. There is mounting evidence suggests exercise can relieve CRF and clinical practice guidelines for its management have been published in several countries. However, more specific exercise programmes need to be extracted to guide the clinical practice.DesignThe review was presented by PRISMA guidelines. Research questions and strategies were established using evidence‐based nursing criteria. Eleven websites and databases were searched. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II, the JBI literature quality assessment tool, and the JBI evidence pre‐classification and evidence recommendation level system were used.ResultsThirteen systematic reviews, four guidelines and one evidence summary were included. The overall guideline quality score was 5.71, indicating high quality, with the following average scores on the six dimensions: scope and purpose, 86.81%; stakeholder group, 71.53%; rigour of the writing, 76.56%; clarity of presentation, 88.19%; applicability, 68.23%; and independence, 72.92%. We summarised 18 pieces of evidence including screening and assessment of CRF and exercise risk, health education, sports programme, sports protection and termination index. There were 12, 1, 1 and 4 pieces of evidence in grades I, II, III and IV, respectively. The evidence recommendation was strong for 15 and weak for three articles.ConclusionAlthough a normal adult exercise intensity level is considered safe for patients during chemoradiotherapy, our synthesis suggests that 18 pieces of evidence shall be followed. Future research should focus on more cancer types and more targeted exercise programme design.Relevance to clinical practiceCancer‐related fatigue status and exercise risk should be screened and evaluated throughout exercise interventions. Interventions should be individualised, initiated at a low intensity and duration, and increased progressively.
The components of personal passports for people living with dementia in an acute healthcare setting: an integrative review
Authors: Beattie Fiona , Kerr Lisa , Larkin John , Cawley Des 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo explore the components of personal passports for people living with dementia in an acute healthcare setting.BackgroundGlobally, supporting people with dementia poses a prominent health and social care challenge. Importance for people with dementia in an acute healthcare setting includes social relationships and communication with healthcare staff. A personal passport is an international initiative designed to support the personhood of the person living with dementia.MethodsThis integrative review is based on the methodology of Whittmore and Knafl (2005). The Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and checklist were adhered to. A database search of PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and EBSCO databases was systematically performed.ResultsThis integrative review identified nine research studies on the components of personal passports that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A constant comparative method of data analysis identified five key pivotal themes: person‐centredness, communication, family/carer involvement, education and leadership.ConclusionThe use of personal passports supports the provision of person‐centred care for people living with dementia through enhancing the well‐being of both the person and their families/caregivers.Relevance to clinical practicePersonal passports are an important document and should be determined by the person with dementia, their care needs and the caregiver's role in meeting these needs.
Leadership self‐perception of clinical nurses at the bedside: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Booher Lydia , Yates Erica , Claus Stacey , Haight Kelly , Burchill Christian N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAim & ObjectiveExplore leadership self‐perception of clinical nurses at the bedside and their perception of leadership on patient care and outcomes.BackgroundAccording to Institute of Medicine Future of Nursing Report, nurses are called to exhibit leadership at every level. Published research on nursing leadership is primarily focused on formal leaders. Research examining leadership at the clinical nurse level has either tested application of a particular leadership model or studied nurses who have been identified as informal clinical leaders. We took an inductive approach without any prior knowledge if participating clinical nurses viewed themselves as leaders.DesignDescriptive qualitative method was used.MethodsFour focus groups were conducted with a total of 20 clinical nurses from 2 hospitals within an integrated health system using a convenience sampling method until saturation was reached. The Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ) was used to report findings.ResultsAll participants identified qualities they admired in leaders. Fifty percent did not initially view themselves as leaders until they realised that they often demonstrated those same leadership qualities in providing nursing care to patients and families. Participants struggled to make a connection between their leadership at the bedside and patient outcomes.ConclusionsClinical nurses assume a formal title is required to be a leader. Findings from this study imply that leadership attributes required at point of care are embedded in the nursing practice and look similar to servant leadership.Relevance to clinical practiceLeadership is in the nature of nursing practice, and more work is required to increase awareness that every nurse is a leader. Further efforts need to be pursued to help clinical nurses become self‐aware they are leaders in order to impact patient outcomes and transform health care from bottom‐up and inside‐out.
The Influence of Age and Facial Expression (Eye Open/Closed) On Maxillary Dental and Gingival Display
Authors: Bidra Avinash S. , Persenaire Mitchell , Kuo Chia‐Ling 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeTo assess if there are any differences in maxillary dentogingival exposure between different facial expressions (maximum smile with eyes open and eyes closed), age groups and both sexes.Material and MethodsDigital photographs of the lower third of the face of 120 subjects, belonging to 6 different age groups were taken. There were 20 subjects in each of the 6 age groups (20‐30, 30‐40, 40‐50, 50‐60, 60‐70, and 70‐80) which were comprised of 80 women and 40 men. Two standardized images of each subject were taken, one of maximum smile with eyes open, and the second of maximum smile with eyes closed. These 240 images were used to quantify a dentogingival exposure ratio (DER) for each tooth spanning the second bicuspids on either side, using standardized measurement techniques. Additionally, incidence of interdental papilla visibility was studied in a binary manner, and all data were studied with respect to various covariables of age, sex and type of facial expression using a generalized linear mixed effects model. A p‐value < 0.05 was determined to be statistically significant.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between the dentogingival exposure ratio (DER) for all images with eyes open and eyes closed per tooth location studied, across all age groups (p ≤ 0.001) and both sexes, suggesting that subject images of smiles with eyes closed had significantly higher dentogingival exposure. There was a decreasing trend of DER with increasing age groups when eyes were open (p = 0.005) and when eyes were closed (p = 0.042), suggesting that older subjects had lower dentogingival exposure. With respect to sex, there was no statistically significant difference in mean DER between males and females, when eyes were open (p = 0.430) and closed (p = 0.351). The incidence of interdental papilla exposure also differed significantly between images with eyes open and eyes closed across all age groups (p ≤ 0.001). However, the incidence of interdental papilla exposure decreased with age, only in images with eyes open (p < 0.001) but was not statistically significant among images with eyes closed (p = 0.127). With respect to sex, there was a significant difference in incidence of interdental papilla exposure in images with eyes open (p = 0.029) but no significant difference when eyes were closed (p = 0.782).ConclusionsMaxillary dentogingival exposure decreases with increasing age and is significantly higher when recording maximum smile with eyes closed, for all age groups and both sexes. As this is a simple and clinically reproducible facial expression, incorporating patient's maximum smiling images with eyes closed may be routinely necessary for complete and accurate data collection for prosthodontic treatment planning purposes.
Proteinuria in dogs with gallbladder mucocele formation: A retrospective case control study
Authors: Lindaberry Crystal , Vaden Shelly , Aicher Kathleen M. , Seiler Gabriela , Robertson James , Cianciolo Rachel , Yang Ching , Gookin Jody L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundProteinuria is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality in dogs. An association between proteinuria and gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs is unknown.ObjectiveDetermine if gallbladder mucocele formation or clinicopathologic comorbidities are associated with proteinuria.AnimalsTwenty‐five dogs with mucocele formation and 25 breed and age‐matched control dogs from a prior study.MethodsRetrospective case control study. Proteinuria defined by calculated urine dipstick protein concentration (mg/mL) to urine specific gravity (USG) ratio. Clinicopathologic findings, postcosyntropin cortisol concentration, thyroid function profile, and illness severity score were recorded.ResultsMedian urine dipstick protein concentration to USG ratio and number of dogs having a ratio ≥1.5 were significantly higher for dogs with mucocele formation compared to control dogs. Proteinuria was not significantly associated with CBC or serum biochemistry profile abnormalities but increased in relation to severity of illness.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceGallbladder mucocele formation is significantly associated with proteinuria in dogs. Diagnosis and treatment of proteinuria in dogs with mucocele formation might minimize long term kidney morbidity in these patients.
Distributional Learning of Speech Sounds: An Exploratory Study Into the Effects of Prior Language Experience
Authors: Chládková Kateřina , Šimáčková Šárka 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDistributional learning is typically understood as (unattended) tracking of stimulus probabilities. Distributional training with speech yields mixed results and the influencing factors have not yet been fully investigated. This study explored whether prior linguistic experience could have an effect on distributional learning outcomes. Czech and Greek adults, whose native languages contain and lack abstract length categories, respectively, were exposed to novel vowels falling into unimodal or bimodal distributions along the durational dimension. A trending interaction suggested that the Czechs and the Greeks might have been affected differently by the distributional exposure. Improved discrimination of the “trained” contrast was observed in bimodally exposed Czechs (whose prior expectations about length categories could guide learning) and, rather surprisingly, in unimodally exposed Greeks (who, lacking any expectations, might have listened in a noncategorical, auditory mode). Prior linguistic experience could thus affect whether and how experienced language users exploit new distributional speech statistics. This proposal needs to be assessed in future studies.