bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does optimized adherence support improve treatment outcomes in RR / MDR-TB patients on 18-20 months regimen in Tbilisi, Georgia?
Authors: Jomidava Tinatin , Khogali Mohammed , Sereda Yuliia , Avaliani Zaza , Davitashvili Malkhaz , Madzgharashvili Mikheil , Tukvadze Nestan , Chaphurishvili Lali , Chincharauli Mamuka , Kipiani Maia 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Adherence to second-line antituberculosis drug is challenging. A combination of strategies needs to be implemented to achieve adherence. In Georgia an optimized adherence support (OAS) – a package of education, psychosocial support and adherence counselling – was added to the already existing package of adherence support (supervised treatment, adherence incentives, transport cost reimbursement) to improve adherence and increase treatment success. We assessed the additive benefits of OAS on adherence and treatment outcomes.
Methodology: This was a before and after cohort study using routine programme data in the National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases in Tbilisi. All adult rifampicin- and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) patients enrolled for treatment under directly observed therapy in the NCTLD during the period before (June 2015 – January 2016) and after (June 2017 – January 2018) were included in the study. Primary outcomes were: i) adequate adherence defined as ≥ 85% of days covered by TB medication during the whole treatment period; ii) final treatment outcomes.
Results: Of 221 RR/MDR-TB, most patients were male (76%, N = 167) with a mean age of 41 ± 14 years. Adherence data was available for 111 patients in the ‘before’ and 97 patients in the ‘after’ cohort. Adequate adherence was achieved by 62% (69/111) in the ‘before’ and 70% (68/97) in the ‘after’ cohort (p = 0.290). Overall treatment success was 64% (73/114) and 63% (67/107) in the ‘before’ and ‘after’ cohorts respectively (p = 0.937).
Conclusions: Implementation of OAS had modest effect on adherence and had no additive benefits on treatment outcomes among RR/MDR-TB patients on 18-20 months regimen.
Game-Based Quality Improvement Teaching: Using Taters in Nursing Education
Authors: Kranz Clare , Macali Jennifer , Phengphoo Saifon , Schvaneveldt Nena , Patterson Brandon , Guo Jia-Wen 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Quality improvement (QI) is difficult to teach in the classroom; therefore, nursing students are often under-prepared to participate in such projects after graduation. The Plan-Do-Study-Act method is commonplace in QI instruction and is often used in nursing. This study proposed and evaluated a gameful learning approach to improve understanding and engagement of a QI process using Potato Head figures.

Method:
An observational design was utilized. Following classroom activity, students self-selected to join focus groups to discuss gameful learning experiences in learning QI techniques. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:
Overall, learners found the activity was effective in teaching QI. Positive and negative themes were identified, including fun and competitive, interactive and communication, and teamwork; disconnection between QI topic and game, and unclear instruction, respectively.

Conclusion:

Using gameful learning helped students understand and engage with QI projects that may translate to clinical practice for new graduate nurses.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(10):590–593.]
Self-Reported Compliance with Personal Preventive Measures among Office Workers After Work Resumption during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Pakistan
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Sohail Aruba , Shah Mir Umer Farooq Alam , Khurshid Maman , Yasmin Farah , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT.
As the lockdowns have been lifted to relieve pressure on the economy, strict adherence to personal preventive measures (PPMs) in offices is essential to control the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated self-reported compliance with three PPMs among a sample of office workers in Karachi, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey with participants were adult office workers who had resumed work in Karachi, Pakistan. All full-time employees aged ≥ 18 years who had resumed work in the offices were invited to complete the survey. Of 487 workers who were invited, 411 (84.4%) completed the survey between March 1 and March 20, 2021. We examined the effects of sociodemographic factors, individual-level factors, interpersonal-level factors, and social-structural–level factors using logistic regression models. Of the total sample, 192 (46.7%) reported always wearing a face mask in the workplace. Self-reported sanitizing of hands (46.0%) was comparable to use of face masks, whereas avoiding crowded places (21.2%) was less common. Perceived effectiveness of individual preventive measures (adjusted odds ratios [AORs] from 1.19 to 1.42; confidence intervals (CIs) 1.04–1.37 to CI 1.18–1.71), perceived effectiveness of governmental preventive measures (AORs from 1.23 to 1.39 CI 1.02–1.47 to CI 1.12–1.72), and number of preventive measures implemented by the office (AORs from 1.20 to 1.26 CI 1.09–1.31 to CI 1.13–1.39) were associated with self-reported compliance with PPMs. Perceived preparedness of medical system in Karachi (AOR 1.44, CI 1.08–1.93) was only associated with self-reported sanitizing of hands. Reduced compliance to PPMs was observed; hence, efforts need to be made to ensure strict adherence to PPMs.
Case Report: Molecular Detection and Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi in Ocular Tissue from Donors with Chagas Disease
Authors: Alí Santoro Gianfranco , Starcenbaum Bouchez Marta I. , Cittadino Elisabeth , Drago Sofía Belén , Leguizamón María Susana , Burgos Juan M. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT.
Corneal transplantation is the most frequent transplant worldwide. Tissue characteristics allow storage and transport, even between continents, increasing its accessibility around the world. Donor infection with Trypanosoma cruzi is not defined as a corneal discarding factor, although the transplant is not recommended preventively, as in any infectious diseases. Herein, by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) strategies, we analyzed parasite presence in ocular tissue from 10 deceased donors with Chagas diseases. Among them, positive findings were obtained in corneas, scleras, and eye muscle samples of three, two, and one donor, respectively. Moreover, among the six T. cruzi defined populations, TcV and TcVI parasites were found in some samples based on group-specific amplification strategies. Our findings point out the actual possibility of T. cruzi transmission due to corneal transplantation and makes donor’s serological status knowledge mandatory regardless of graft provenance. Failing that, we suggest a posttransplant follow-up of recipients from seropositive donors.
Da interpretação à compreensão
Authors: Pauliukonis Aparecida Lino , Feres Beatriz dos Santos , Gouvêa Lúcia Helena Martins , Ribeiro Patricia Ferreira Neves , Monnerat Rosane Santos Mauro 
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo contempla a temática da compreensão e da interpretação, sob novos olhares contemporâneos. O trabalho trata da relação entre os componentes internos e os componentes externos ao enunciado, consoante princípios de teorias da enunciação. Em uma parte inicial, apresenta-se a dinâmica interacional do ato de comunicação, entre sujeitos sociais e discursivos, regido por bases contratuais; depois, discute-se a função dos saberes de conhecimento e dos saberes de crença como fonte para a criação dos imaginários sociais e discursivos. Com base na noção de que compreender é uma operação mais globalizante e que interpretar consiste em um conjunto de operações inferenciais, faz-se uma abordagem mais atual do conceito de inferência, a partir dos dois tipos propostos por Charaudeau (2019): inferência centrípeta interna ou estrutural e inferência centrífuga externa, ou situacional e interdiscursiva. Ao final, propõe-se uma aplicação das noções teóricas apresentadas, por meio de uma análise dos variados tipos de inferência presentes em um corpus de mídia digital.
Topicalidade em comentários on-line do Instagram
Authors: Fávero Leonor Lopes , Dias Ana Rosa Ferreira , Lima Geralda de Oliveira Santos , Taffarello Maria Cristina de Moraes , Andrade Maria Lúcia da Cunha Victório de Oliveira , Lins Maria da Penha Pereira , Galvão Marise Adriana Mamede , Capistrano Júnior Rivaldo 
Published: October 2021

O trabalho objetiva examinar como os internautas gerenciam o tópico discursivo em comentários postados em redes sociais, assumindo o pressuposto de que as características e especificidades relativas às formas de interação e de participação em sites de mídias sociais possibilitam a ocorrência de diferentes formas de organização tópica. O corpus selecionado para a análise é constituído por uma charge publicada na Folha de S. Paulo, replicada também nas redes sociais, e as postagens reativas dos internautas, encontradas em espaços de comentários do Instagram. Para o cumprimento do objetivo, o artigo organiza-se em três seções que abordam, respectivamente: a diacronia dos estudos sobre topicalidade; o quadro teórico que respalda as análises, delimitado a estudos que tratam da interação em ambiente virtual; e, por fim, a análise, propriamente dita, das interações do tipo (dis-)liking content, selecionadas das postagens reativas do Instagram. Como conclusão, pode-se afirmar que os comentários poligeridos apontam para uma topicalidade dinâmica, com diferentes focalizações pautadas pela concernência, e que incita as múltiplas interações e o estabelecimento de redes temáticas complexas.
EFEKTIFITAS PELATIHAN DETEKSI DINI KARIES GIGI MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BOOKLET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN IBU PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TELING ATAS KOTA MANADO
Authors: Ratuela Jeineke E. 
Published: October 2021

Penyebab timbulnya penyakit gigi dan mulut terutama karies gigi pada masyarakat salah satunya yaitu faktor perilaku dan sikap mengabaikan kebersihan gigi dan mulut.. Pendidikan kesehatan gigi melalui pelatihan merupakan salah satu intervensi untuk merubah perilaku ibu dari tidak tahu menjadi tahu dan dari tidak sehat menjadi sehat guna mencapai derajad kesehatan gigi anak setinggi-tingginya. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui efektifitas pelatihan tentang deteksi dini karies gigi menggunakan booklet dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu pada siswa SD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Teling Atas Kota Manado. Metode : yaitu metode analitik true experiment (eksperimen sungguhan) dengan rancangan “One Group Pretest-Posttest”.Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Accidental sampling berjumlah 78 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan uji paired samples T Test. Hasil penelitian : responden sebelum diberikan pelatihan paling banyak memiliki pengetahuan cukup yaitu sebanyak 55 responden (71%) dan sesudah pelatihan pengetahuan responden meningkat menjadi baik sebanyak 78 responden (100%). Berdasarkan analisis data pengetahuan responden sebelum (Pre Test) pelatihan tentang deteksi dini karies gigi diperoleh nilai mean sebesar 17,47 dengan standar deviasi sebesar 2.577, dan sesudah (Post Test) diperoleh nilai mean sebesar 25,56, dengan standar deviasi sebesar 1.039 dan thitung sebesar -26.532 serta p= 0,000 < 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan pengetahuan responden sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan. Kesimpulan : terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan deteksi dini menggunakan media booklet yang berarti bahwa pelatihan tentang deteksi dini karies gigi menggunakan booklet sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu pada siswa SD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Teling Atas Kota Manado.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG MAKANAN KARIOGENIK DENGAN INDEKS DMF-T PADA SISWA KELAS VII A SMPN 4 PINELENG KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Tahulending Anneke A , Rugo Gracia Talia 
Published: October 2021

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya karies gigi adalah kebiasaan menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti menyikat gigi, penggunaan fluor, mengatur pola makan misalnya kebiasaan mengkonsumsi makanan jenis kariogenik seperti makanan yang manis dan mudah melekat yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies gigi, dan deteksi dini terhadap karies gigi. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan pengetahuan tentang makanan kariogenik dengan indeks DMF-T pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 4 Pineleng. Metode : penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu berjumlah 30 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan adalah semua total polulasi yaitu 30 siswa di kelas VII A. Alat ukur yang menggunakan kuesioner yang terstruktur dan telah di uji validitas dan format pemeriksaan DMF-T. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian : dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square dengan df = 1, diperoleh hasil p=0,000. Dengan menggunakan tingkat kemaknaan 95% (α=0,05), maka nilai p= 0,000 < 0,005 . Kesimpulan : Hipotesis H1 diterima, yaitu terdapat hubungan pengetahuan tentang makanan kariogenik dengan indeks DMF-T pada siswa kelas VII A SMPN 4 Pineleng Kabupaten Minahasa dimana rata-rata siswa yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik maka nilai DMF-T nya cenderung baik sedangkan siswa dengan tingkat pengetahuan kurang maka nilai DMF-T nya cenderung kurang baik. Saran kepada siswa agar tetap meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang jenis makanan kariogenik sehingga siswa dapat mengurangi jumlah konsumsi makanan kariogenik yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies gigi dan setelah selesai makan harus berkumur-kumur atau sikat gigi.
PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT GIGI TENTANG METODE STERILISASI DENGAN PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI SILANG DI POLI GIGI PUSKESMAS RANOTANA WERU DI KOTA MANADO
Authors: Raule Jean Henry 
Published: October 2021

Dalam Praktek pelayanan Kesehatan prinsip Sterilisasi merupakan hal yang mutlak di lakukan, Sterilisasi merupakan rangkaian suatu proses yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan semua bentuk kehidupan mikro Organisme (bakteri, jamur, parasit, dan virus termasuk spora). Perawat gigi berkewajiban menghindari atau mencegah infeksi silang dalam prakteknya dengan cara melakukan sterilisasi pada alat kesehatan gigi dengan tepat dengan benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan pengetahuan perawat gigi tentang metode sterilisasi dengan pencegahan infeksi silang di poli gigi puskesmas di kota Manado. Metode penelitian ini adalah Survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study dimana data dikumpulkan dalam waktu bersamaan. Populasi penelitian pada perawat gigi yang bekerja di 7 puskesmas yang berjumlah 16 orang, sampel yang diambil yaitu total populasi. Alat ukur menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan lembar checklist tindakan. Hasil uji correlation spearman’s rho pada taraf signifikansi pemaknaan 99% (α = 0.01), diperoleh nilai (p) = 0.001 (0.001 < α 0.01) yang artinya terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan tentang metode sterilisasi dengan pencegahan infeksi silang, dengan koefisien korelasi 0.741 yang mempunyai kekuatan hubungan yang kuat. Kolerasi antara variable ini berada pada arah korelasi positif, dimana semakin tinggi pengetahuan tentang sterilisasi semakin baik juga tindakan pencegahan infeksi silang.
SARS-CoV-2 assessment of non-healthcare workers: The potential role of work safety recommendations
Authors: Sousa-Pinto Bernardo , Costa Rui , Veiga-Fernandes Henrique , Dias Cláudia , Vidigal António , Araújo Alípio , Certal Ana , Castro António , Parreira António , Arenga Joaquim , Marques Nuno , Cortez Patrícia , Fonseca João , Pereira Ana 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionRecommendations have been issued to prevent workplace-related SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. To discuss their impact, we assessed non-healthcare workers of a company which implemented such recommendations from early on. .Material and methodsWe performed molecular and serological tests to SARS-CoV-2 in workers of a Portuguese electrical company, in June 2020. Workers were also subject to an epidemiological survey. .ResultsA total of 1359 workers (out of 5850) underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing and answered the survey. Twenty-five participants (1.8%) had positive testing results.ConclusionsWe observed low frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a company that early on implemented policies to decrease COVID-19 risk.
Imigran Jepun di Sabah Pasca Perang Dunia Kedua: Satu Tinjauan dari Aspek Hubungan Etnik
Authors: Abdul Rahim Md. Saffie 
Published: October 2021

Kedatangan pemodal Jepun pada tahun 1884 menjadi titikÂ permulaan kewujudan minoriti imigran Jepun di Sabah. Imigran Jepun yangÂ bermigrasi membawa bersama dialek bahasa serta budaya yang pelbagaiÂ dan berbeza dengan masyarakat di Sabah. Tambahan pula pelbagai peristiwaÂ semasa yang melibatkan Jepun seperti Perang Cina-Jepun 1894â€“1895,Â Perang Cina-Jepun 1937â€“1945 dan pendudukan mereka di Asia TenggaraÂ (1941â€“1945) menyebabkan sentimen anti-Jepun sentiasa berlaku. WalaupunÂ selepas perang dan setelah Sabah mencapai kemerdekaan, hubungan etnikÂ masyarakat Jepun di Sabah tetap terjalin akrab. Jumlah masyarakat JepunÂ pasca Sabah merdeka, sama ada sebagai pelawat atau pemastautin mengalamiÂ peningkatan yang berterusan. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan menganalisisÂ hubungan etnik imigran Jepun di Sabah bermula dari tahun 1945 hinggaÂ 1980-an. Penyelidikan ini disempurnakan dengan menggunakan kajianÂ perpustakaan dan temu bual. Kaedah penyelidikan perpustakaan dilakukanÂ melalui sumber primer dalam bentuk dokumen bertulis dan surat khabarÂ yang diperoleh daripada Arkib Negeri Sabah dan British National ArchivesÂ (London). Temu bual digunakan bagi membolehkan usaha dokumentasiÂ fakta yang tidak terdapat dalam bentuk sumber penulisan diperoleh. MelaluiÂ analisis dan kaedah penyelidikan yang digunakan, kajian ini mendapatiÂ masyarakat Jepun di Sabah tidak bersifat asimilasi sepenuhnya tetapi hanyaÂ bersifat masyarakat majmuk sahaja.
Etika Kerja Etnik Bugis di Sabah: Satu Kajian di Organisasi Awam Bugis Work Ethics: A Study on Public Organization
Authors: TAMBY OMAR AISHAH , AMAT ASMIATY 
Published: October 2021

Kepelbagaian etnik dalam organisasi merupakan perkara utama yang sering kali menjadi perbincangan di peringkat pengurusan sumber manusia. Setiap etnik tersebut telah membentuk satu nilai, kepercayaan dan pandangan yang tersendiri terhadap pelaksanaan tugas yang dilakukan di tempat kerja. Etnik Bugis merupakan salah satu etnik yang terdapat di Sabah dan secara tidak langsung menjadi penyumbang terhadap tenaga kerja dalam organisasi awam. Kepelbagaian etnik tersebut memerlukan seorang pengurus yang peka terhadap etika kerja setiap etnik kerana ia mampu menyumbang kepada kecemerlangan organisasi. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti etika kerja etnik Bugis serta perbezaan etika kerja antara lelaki dan perempuan. Seramai 144 orang pekerja yang bekerja di organisasi awam sekitar Kota Kinabalu dipilih secara rawak sebagai responden kajian. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah soal selidik. Borang soal selidik mengandungi demografi responden dan juga Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (MWEP) yang diperkenalkan oleh Miller et al. (2002). Data akan dikumpul dan dianalisis menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa etika kerja etnik Bugis adalah bekerja keras ketika melakukan sesuatu pekerjaan. Selain itu, tidak terdapat perbezaan etika kerja antara lelaki dan perempuan etnik Bugis. Akhir sekali, hasil kajian ini dapat menyumbang kepada perancangan strategik sumber manusia terhadap satu garis panduan etika kerja yang boleh diamalkan oleh setiap individu dalam organisasi.Â Ethnic diversity in the organization has been discussed widely in human resource management. Diversity in workplaces may form various beliefs, values and perceptions that affect the way staff perform their task. The Bugis is one of the ethnic groups in Sabah that contribute to the workforce in public organizations. Thus, ethnic diversity in the organization requires a manager to be aware of their work ethic because it can impact on an organization is performance. This study aims to identify the Bugis work ethic and determine the work ethic differences between man and women. A total of 144 public organization workers in Kota Kinabalu were randomly selected as respondents. This study used a quantitative approach with questionnaire method. The questionnaire encompassed respondent demographic and Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (WEP) by Miller et al. (2002). Data was collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The results showed that the Bugis people are hardworking. In addition, there is no differences in work ethic between man and women. Finally, the results may contribute to the human resources strategic planning for ethical guidelines that can be practiced by every individual in the organization
The Pattani Malay Identity in Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam - Identiti Melayu Pattani dalam Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam
Authors: P. VEERAMUTHU SARAVANAN 
Published: October 2021

This study is an examination of the portrayal of the Pattani Malay identity in the Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam anthology by Abdul Razak Panaemalae. Ten short stories by the writer are analysed with specific focus on how this identity is presented or reflected through the characters based on the model of identity advocated by Phinney (1989). Four dimensions of identity - religion, language, economy, and politics - are highlighted in the discussion. Abdul Razakâ€™s stories present the perspective of the Pattani Malay community manifested through the â€˜world viewâ€™ of youths entrenched in the dominant Thai culture. Analysis of the stories indicated that the Malay identity is still prevalent in the community. The cultural markers of language identity and religion identity are also ascertained. This indicated that the writer subscribed to the tenet of â€˜gentem lingua facitâ€™ or â€˜language reflects nationâ€™.Â Â Kajian ini berkisar kepada pemaparan identiti Melayu Pattani dalam kumpulan cerpen Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam. Unit analisis kajian ini terdiri daripada sepuluh buah cerpen nukilan Abdul Razak Panaemalae dalam Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam. Aspek kajian bertumpu kepada citra identiti Melayu Pattani yang digambarkan melalui watak-watak yang menggerakkan cerita dalam rangkaian cerpen tersebut. Penelitian ini disandarkan kepada teori kajian identiti yang disarankan dalam model identiti Phinney (1989). Perbincangan dibahagikan kepada beberapa dimensi identiti iaitu agama, bahasa, budaya, ekonomi dan politik. Tuntasnya, nukilan Abdul Razak memperlihatkan identiti masyarakat Melayu Pattani dari sudut â€˜world viewâ€™ generasi muda yang kini berada dalam lingkungan budaya Thai yang dominan. Analisis cerpen-cerpen ini menunjukkan bahawa identiti MelayuÂ masih jelas. Selain itu, dua petanda budaya (cultural marker) dikesan iaitu identiti bahasa dan identiti agama. Hal ini membuktikan bahawa penulis berpegang kepada â€œgentem lingua facitâ€, istilah Latin yang bermaksud â€œbahasa menunjukkan bangsa.â€