bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Analysis in Indonesia's Legislation Regarding Political Laws
Authors: Erlina Erlina , Normadilla Nika 
Published: January 2021

This paper examines Indonesia's current legislation on politics, inter alia, Political Parties Law, Election Law, and Parliament Law, by using gender analysis. This paper considers how these laws ensure equitable access, participation, control, and benefits for men and women. Under the justice and gender equality approach, these laws are not optimal, especially under the control and benefit indicators. In this context, Political Parties Law contributes more to the indicator of access, while Electoral Law provides access and participation indicators. At the same time, Parliament Law is expected to contribute the most to the control and benefit indicators. However, it is regrettable that Parliament Law does not comply with these two indicators. Also, the Constitutional Court's interpretation was not followed in a series of legislative revisions of Parliament Law. Therefore, the gender approach in the legislative revision of these three laws should be encouraged to benefit from social life with more just and non-discriminatory. It should also provide equal opportunity for every citizen to gain access, participatory rights, control, and benefits in development. Hence, it is inevitable to the importance of the government commitment in gender mainstreaming in policy, harmonization, and synchronization of laws and regulations.
KEYWORDS: gender justice and equality, political laws, women's representation.
Risk Mitigation of Disease Pandemic in the Indonesian Banking Industry: In Response to COVID-19
Authors: Mentari Nikmah , Putri Uni Tsulasi 
Published: January 2021

As an intermediary institution, the banking industry plays a critical function in the economy. Unpredictable conditions such as disease pandemic, exemplified from the unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak, result in loss to the banking industry due to the weakening of the national economy. In the future, then, the banking industry requires early preventive action for a similar case through specific risk mitigation towards disease pandemic. This paper aims to discuss the urgency of the risk mitigation towards the pandemic in the banking industry, following the risk mitigation scheme in facing the pandemic with its relevant regulation. This paper shows that the pandemic's responsive risk mitigation has become essential to strengthen the banking’s intermediary function and performance during the pandemic. The existing risk mitigation regulation solely relates to the non-performing loan in normal conditions. In the meantime, disease pandemic like COVID-19 is excluded because it is beyond the normal situation. Its adverse impact has leveraged more significant extent due to emergency conditions. In case of a disease pandemic, the bank can soon take early preventive action before the pandemic strikes within the domestic territory without waiting for central government-specific regulation, but it should. However, it remains practiced under the relevant laws.
KEYWORDS: Risk Mitigation, Disease Pandemic, COVID-19, Banking Industry, Indonesia.
Palliative Care Needs among Patients with Advanced Illnesses in Bhutan
Authors: Laabar Tara Devi , Saunders Christobel , Auret Kirsten , Johnson Claire E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Palliative care improves the quality of lives of patients and families affected by life-limiting illnesses through the prevention and relief of suffering. While palliative care is well established in developed countries, it is inadequate or non-existent in most developing countries. Palliative care is an emerging concept in Bhutan, a tiny Himalayan Kingdom. A small community palliative care service is available in the national referral hospital with three dedicated inpatient palliative care beds. This study explored the needs for palliative care among patients diagnosed with advanced illnesses and is a component of a larger project aimed to inform a suitable palliative care model for the country.Methods This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. A survey, using a structured questionnaire including the EORTC QLQ-C30, was carried out among patients with advanced illness in hospitals, primary care units and communities across the country. Purposeful and snowball sampling strategies were used to recruit study participants.Results Seventy (76%), out of 93 eligible patients, agreed to participate in the survey. Participants reported low to moderate scores on physical, role, emotional, cognitive and social functioning, a moderate score for the global health/ quality of life scale and moderately high (worse) scores in symptoms including fatigue, pain, insomnia, loss of appetite and the financial impact from the disease.Conclusions The symptom burden experienced by patients affected by terminal and advanced illnesses demonstrates the need for palliative care in Bhutan. These findings will help inform the development of a public health-focused palliative care model, modified to the Bhutanese context, as recommended by the World Health Organization.
Tree stands of Scots pine and Norway spruce state assessment using hemispherical photography by Fish-eye lens and subsequent analysis of the digital images
Authors: Алексеев А.С. , Чернов И.М. , Никифорчин И.В. , Иванова Е.А. 
Published: January 2021

На примере чистых и смешанных древостоев хвойных пород с преобладанием сосны обыкновенной и ели европейской было проведено поисковое исследование возможностей определения состояния древостоев на основе цифровой полусферической съемки полога леса снизу вверх объективом типа «Рыбий глаз» и последующей обработки полученных изображений. Исследования были проведены на 25 пробных площадях, заложенных по европейской методике мониторинга состояния лесов ICP-Forest с регулярным их размещением по территории. На пробных площадях традиционным наземным методом были визуально определены такие показатели состояния древостоев как средние дефолиация верхней 1/3 части кроны деревьев, дефолиация всей кроны деревьев и класс повреждения древостоев. На этих же пробных площадях были получены снимки древесного полога объективом для полусферической съемки «Рыбий глаз», которые были обработаны с помощью программы открытого доступа Gap Light Analyzer. Методами регрессионного и дисперсионного анализа были установлены статистически достоверные связи между показателями состояния древостоев и их индексом листовой поверхности, полученным при обработке цифровых изображений. Показатели состояния древостоев и их индекс листовой поверхности связаны обратной зависимостью с коэффициентами детерминации от 79,8 до 87,4%. Полученные результаты позволяют в принципе разработать измерительную методику оценки состояния древостоев, обладающую свойствами объективности, технологичности, экономичности и точности. Основной целью такой методики является удаление из оценок состояния древостоев субъективного подхода, свойственного всем визуальным определениям.
On the example of pure and mixed stands of coniferous species with a predominance of Scots pine and Norway spruce, a search study was conducted to determine the state of stands based on digital hemispherical shooting of the forest canopy from bottom to top with a Fish-eye lens and subsequent processing of the images obtained. The research was carried out on 25 test areas laid down according to the European method of monitoring the state of forests ICP-Forests. On the test areas land-based method to identify indicators of the status of the forest as the average defoliationof upper 1/3 part of the trees, defoliation of all trees and the class of damage of forest stands. At the same test areas, images of the tree canopy were obtained with a Fish-eye hemispherical lens, which were processed using the Gap Light Analyzer open access program. Using regression and variance analysis methods, statistically significant relationships were established between indicators of the state of stands and their leaf area index with determination coefficient from 79,8 to 87,4%. The results obtained allow us to develop a methodology for assessing the state of stands, which are usually determined visually with a high degree of subjectivity, by measuring.
Health Assessment Based on D-S Evidence Theory of Equipment
Authors: Sun Tanghui , Liu Bailin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Prognosis and Health Management (PHM) is the important technical means to achieve condition based maintenance(CBM), and Health assessment is the important part of the PHM system. PHM is widely used in aerospace area, But it lacks application in ground field, In order to improve the accuracy of self-propelled gun system health assessment, taking a certain self-propelled gun system as the object, in this paper, takes self-propelled gun as an example, divide it’s health status into 5 levels, for equipment that fails the test, it can be directly determined to be in a fault state; for equipment that has passed the test, and come up with a model of health assessment that based on D-S evidence theory, first, Select the health indicators which can comprehensively represent the status of propelled artillery, and use the normalized quantization method to Process the data. Then, employ the D-S evidence theory to make the integrated decision on the membership of each health parameter after treatment, finally, determine the ultimately health status of self-propelled artillery, the rationality of the method is verified by experiments.
Data Visualization Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic Situation
Authors: Yang Tao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has brought immeasurable losses and huge impact to the world. For human health, many Centres for Disease Control(CDC) in various countries around the world are actively collecting data and doing a good job in virus prevention and control. The real-time release of the epidemic situation, with analysis and prediction, is a very effective method to combat the epidemic. By studying the situation of epidemic data, based on Jupyter Notebook, this paper gives the visual analysis process of COVID-19 epidemic data, and carries out specific analysis and implementation. And then it estimates the coronavirus converges roughly using sigmoid fitting. Although the sigmoid fitting tend to underestimate the curve, its actual value tend to be more than sigmoid curve estimation. The proposed data visualization analysis method could effectively display the status of the COVID-19 epidemic situation, hoping to help control and reduce the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic.
The clinical significance of computer capillaroscopy for differential diagnosis of the respiratory tract diseases in children
Authors: Mizernitsky Yu. L. , Melnikova I. M. , Udaltsova E. V. 
Published: January 2021

Computerized capillaroscopy of the nail bed is a non-invasive and most accessible method for studying microcirculation parameters in children; it is effectively used in a wide variety of pediatric pathologies. However, there are only few studies in this promising direction in children with acute and chronic bronchopulmonary diseases.Objective. To evaluate the morpho-functional features of capillary blood flow in children with the respiratory system diseases of infectious and allergic genesis and to evaluate their clinical significance.Materials and method. 238 children aged from 2 to 17 years with acute and chronic respiratory diseases were examined in the in-patient and outpatient hospitals. Along with traditional clinical methods all patients underwent computerized capillaroscopy of the nail bed to assess the morphological and functional state of the microvasculature.Results. Children with allergic diseases of the respiratory tract are characterized not only by pronounced structural changes in the capillaries in the form of weak differentiation at the level of capillaries of the third tier, but also by functional disorders of the capillary bed. They include a change in the parameters of all parts of the capillary and a marked increase in the length of the perivascular zone, interconnected with the activity level of chronic allergic inflammation. These changes were most pronounced in patients with bronchial asthma. The patients with infectious diseases of the respiratory system are characterized by a change in microcirculation parameters predominantly in the venous section of the capillaries, they are more pronounced in patients with lower respiratory tract diseases rather than with upper respiratory tract diseases.Conclusion. Structural and morpho-functional changes in microcirculation revealed by computerized nail capillaroscopy of the nail bed can be used as additional differential diagnostic criteria in the algorithms for the diagnosis of allergic diseases of the respiratory tract, which will contribute to the early detection of this pathology and timely therapy.
Pre-clinical Impact of the Synergistic Mechanism of Daptomycin and Ceftaroline on Patients with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Infections
Authors: Eliazar Jennyflore , Johnson Tevin , Chbib Christiane 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Our study aims at assessing the pre-clinical impact of the synergistic
mechanism of Daptomycin (DAP) and Ceftaroline (CFT) on patients with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus Bacteremia infections (MRSAB).

Methods:
A systematic overview was conducted by searching PubMed, Oxford academic, and
Cochrane library up to June 2020. Study selection and data extraction: All English- language clinical
trials, in vitro studies, and case reports related to the synergistic drug therapy for MRSAB.

Results:
In the case of MRSAB infections, we examined two different in vitro studies that showed
effective synergism with DAP and CFT. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) range observed
for each is as follow: DAP 0.125-1 mg/L, CFT 0.38-1 mg/L, DAP + CFT 0.094-0.5 mg/L,
vancomycin (VAN) 0.75-2 mg/L, VAN + CFT 0.25-2 mg/L. DAP + CFT combination displayed
the most efficacy with the lowest MIC. The statistical analysis performed showed that DAP + CFT
obtained significantly lower fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) values (0.941 ± 0.328) compared
with VAN + CFT. In vitro activities of regimens tested on DAP non-susceptibility and VAN
intermediate after 96 hours showed DAP 8.29 ± 0.03a log10 CFU/mL, VAN 6.82 ± 0.04a log10
Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/mL, CFT 4.63 ± 0.19a log10 CFU/mL, DAP + CFT 1.15 ± 0.20b log10
CFU/mL, VAN + CFT 3.18 ± 0.49a log10 CFU/mL. (a meaning significantly different than DAP
plus CFT, P<equal to 0.001b meaning therapeutic enhancement combination was defined as ≥ 2
log10 CFU/ml reduction over the most active single agent). Based on these results, although DAP
was not susceptible, the Colony Forming Unit (CFU) for DAP and CFT had the best therapeutic results.

Conclusion:
In vitro studies have shown that a combination DAP and CFT is more efficacious
than the combination of VAN and CFT in MRSA bacteremia infections. The synergic effects of
DAP (bactericidal) and CFT (bactericidal) is statistically significant, in recent trials, warranting
promising evidence for its use in complicated bacteremia infection.
Computational Insight into the Binding Mechanism of Pyrazinoic Acid to RpsA Protein
Authors: Rehman Ashfaq Ur , Ali Saadat , Rafiq Humaira , Rasheed Salman , Nouroz Faisal , Wadood Abdul 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Resistance to the critical first line anti-tubercular drug, Pyrazinamide, is a
significant obstacle to achieving the global end to tuberculosis targets. Approximately 50% of multidrug-
resistant tuberculosis and over 90% of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis strains are also
Pyrazinamide resistant. Pyrazinamide is a pro-drug that reduces the duration of tuberculosis therapy
time by 9-12 months, while used as an anti-biotic in the 1st- & 2nd-line tuberculosis treatment
regimens. Pyrazinamidase is an enzyme encoded by pncA gene, which is responsible for the amide
hydrolysis of pyrazinamide into active pyrazinoic acid. Pyrazinoic acid can inhibit trans-translation
by binding to ribosomal protein S1 and competing with tmRNA, the natural cofactor of ribosomal
protein S1. Although pncA mutations have been commonly associated with pyrazinamide resistance,
a small number of resistance cases have been associated with mutations in ribosomal protein
S1. Ribosomal protein S1was recently identified as a possible target of pyrazinamide based on
its binding activity to pyrazinoic acid and the capacity to inhibit trans-translation.

Objective:
Despite the critical role played by pyrazinamide, its mechanisms of action are not yet
fully understood. Therefore, this study is an effort to explore the resistance mechanism toward pyrazinamide
drug in Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis.

Methods:
An extensive molecular dynamics simulation was performed using the AMBER software
package. We mutated residues of the binding site (i.e., F307A, F310A, and R357A) in the RpsA S1
domain to address the drug-resistant mechanism of RpsA in complex that might be responsible for
pyrazinamide resistance.

:
Moreover, it is challenging to collect the drug mutant to combine the complex of a protein by single-
crystal X-ray diffraction. Thus, the total three structures were prepared by inducing mutations
in the wild-type protein using PyMol.

Results:
The dynamic results revealed that a mutation in the binding pocket produced pyrazinamide
resistance due to the specificity of these residues in binding pockets, which resulted in the
scarcity of hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interaction with pyrazinoic acid, increasing the CAdistance
between the binding pocket residues as compared to wild type RpsA that led to structural
instability.

Conclusion:
The overall dynamic results will provide useful information behind the drug resistance
mechanism to manage tuberculosis and also helps in better management for future drug resistance.
The Effect of Relaxation Technique (Jacobsen and Benson) on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Akbari Ali , Ahmadi Forouzan , Jalili Ebrahim , Khazaei Salman 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that affects the central nervous
system. Depression, anxiety and stress are the most common psychiatric comorbidities in MS,
which can have adverse consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of relaxation
(Jacobson and Benson) technique on depression, anxiety and stress in MS patients.

Methods:
This clinical trial was conducted since December 2016 to March 2017 in the Multiple
Sclerosis Association and the Neurology Clinic of Farshchian Hospital (Sina) in Hamadan. Sixty
patients with multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned to two experimental (n=30) and control
(n=30) groups. The control group received routine care and experimental group received the relaxation
technique (Jacobson and Benson) in 8 sessions of 60-minute twice a week for 4 weeks in addition
to receiving routine care. The DASS-21 scale was completed by samples before and after the
intervention.

Results:
Results of the study showed that in the intervention group, the scores of depression, anxiety
and stress after using relaxation (Jacobson and Benson) was decreased significantly (P<0.05), while
in the control group no significant decrease was observed (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that relaxation (Jacobson and Benson) is effective in
reducing depression, anxiety and stress in patients with multiple sclerosis. Therefore, in addition
to prescribing medication, it is suggested that complementary therapies be performed for these
patients.
Cellular Senescence and COVID-19
Authors: Chowdhury Farhan Rahman , Islam Tofazzal 
Published: January 2021

:
Older adults are at a higher risk of developing serious illness and mortality from
COVID-19. Among a multitude of factors, cellular senescence associated with ageing, obesity, cardiovascular
diseases, and diabetes seems to be statistically correlated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections
and mortality. Surface proteins such as vimentin and CD26 that are differentially expressed
on senescent cells seem important for SARS-CoV-2 attachment and internalization. Potential
therapeutic agents against this novel virus also exhibit senolytic and anti-inflammatory actions,
implicating that their beneficial effects could, in part, be attributed to their senescent cell removal
and the associated inflammatory phenotype neutralizing properties. Elucidating the underlying
molecular mechanisms that connect cellular senescence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection
might help direct towards development of effective therapeutics for elderly patients of COVID-19.
O conceito de pessoa com deficiência e a proposta de um diálogo de cortes: análise do seu significado na Corte Interamericana de direitos humanos e na jurisprudência dos tribunais superiores brasileiros
Authors: Albaine Farias da Costa Flávia 
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar os conceitos de pessoa com deficiência no âmbito da jurisprudência da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e dos Tribunais Superiores Brasileiros, mormente o Supremo Tribunal Federal e Superior Tribunal de Justiça. A partir desse estudo inaugural, os conceitos serão comparados, a fim de determinar se há relação entre eles e, sendo a resposta positiva, se essa relação é de refutação/afastamento conceitual ou de complementação. Para tanto, empregar-se-á a metodologia da hermenêutica constitucional concretizadora. Durante a análise, serão revisitados institutos como o modelo médico e o modelo social de verificação da deficiência, além da teoria das incapacidades, correlacionando-os com as novas leituras conferidas aos direitos fundamentais.
“... Cada instituição fica meio com a cara da população a que serve ...”: entrevista com Cândido Espinheira Filho
Authors: Martins Laércio Melo 
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:A presente entrevista tratou sobre a relação entre o Direito e a Psiquiátria, bem como da trajetória da Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira.Cândido Espinheira Filho é médico. Chefe de equipe de saúde mental da direção geral do INAMPS (1979/1983). Presidente do Conselho Técnico Administrativo da Colônia Juliano Moreira (1981/82). Gerente do Programa de Aperfeiçoamento da Assistência Psiquiátrica do INAMPS/CONASP (1982/83) e Diretor do Hospital Pinel e Coordenador da Campanha Nacional de Saúde Mental na Região Sudeste (1989/90). Membro da Coordenação de Saúde Mental do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (1991/93). Coordenador Municipal de Saúde Mental de Paracambi (1992/93). Presidente do Fundo Municipal de Desenvolvimento Social – Fundo Rio (1995/96). Coordenador de Saúde da Área de Planejamento 4 do Município do Rio de Janeiro (2001). Vice-diretor e Gerente Médico do Instituto Municipal Nise da Silveira (2001/2006).