bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of Smartphone Accelerometry for the Evaluation of Sit-To-Stand Performance and Lower-Extremity Function in Older Adults
Authors: Song Yuwei , Begum Momotaz , Arthanat Sajay , LaRoche Dain P. 
Published: August 2021

This study tested the concurrent and construct validity of smartphone accelerometry measurement of sit-to-stand (STS) performance in individuals aged 65–89 years. Normal and fast STS times were recorded by smartphone accelerometer, force plate, and video motion systems concurrently, and isokinetic knee extension power and STS whole-body power were obtained. Normal and fast speed STS times from a smartphone accelerometer agreed closely with force plate and motion system methods (mean difference = 0.04 s). Normal and fast STS times were inversely related to isokinetic knee extension power (r = −.93, p < .001 and r = −.82, p < .001, respectively) and STS whole-body power (r = −.76, p < .001 and r = −.70, p < .001, respectively). The STS time obtained from a smartphone accelerometer was equivalent to the established, precise measures of STS time and was related to lower-extremity power, making it a potentially useful metric of lower-extremity function.
A model involving amphibolite lower crust melting and subsequent melt extraction for leucogranite generation
Authors: Wang Liqiang , Cheng Wenbin , Gao Teng , Wang Yong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the southern Tibetan Plateau, leucogranites are dominantly distributed in the Himalayan orogenic belt with minor occurrences in the southern Lhasa subterrane. In this paper, we report the first Miocene Anglonggangri leucogranites in the northern Lhasa subterrane. This finding provides important constraints on both leucogranite petrogenesis and the tectono-magmatic evolution of the Lhasa terrane. The Anglonggangri leucogranites include biotite-muscovite granite and slightly younger garnet-muscovite granite and pegmatite. Zircon U-Pb and muscovite 40Ar-39Ar dating of these leucogranites yields Miocene ages of 11.1–10.2 Ma. The biotite-muscovite and garnet-muscovite granites are characterized by high SiO2 (72.3–74.4 wt.%) and Al2O3 contents (14.4–15.4 wt.%) and are peraluminous. The biotite-muscovite granite displays geochemical signatures with high Sr/Y (29.2–81.0) and (La/Yb)N (37.5–98.9) ratios, low Y (4.30–7.22 ppm) and Yb contents (0.26–0.47 ppm), low to moderate initial (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios (0.7085–0.7192), and moderate εNd(t) values (−10.17 to −6.94). Furthermore, they also exhibit radiogenic Pb isotope and variable zircon εHf(t) values (−9.6 to +4.4) with Proterozoic Nd (1.1–1.4 Ga) and Hf model ages (0.8–1.7 Ga). By comparison, the garnet-muscovite granite has lower CaO, MgO, TiO2, and total FeO contents and is enriched in Rb (380–466 ppm) and depleted in Sr (24.1–38.5 ppm) and Ba (30.7–58.6 ppm) and further characterized by a significant rare earth element (REE) tetrad effect and non-charge and radius-controlled (CHARAC) trace element behaviors. The garnet-muscovite granite shows a negative Eu anomaly and positive correlations among Sr and Eu, Sr and Ba, and Th and light rare earth elements (LREEs). Pegmatite comprising Nb-Ta oxides and cassiterite occurs in the garnet-muscovite granite. Geochronological and geochemical characteristics of the Anglonggangri leucogranites indicate that the magma of the biotite-muscovite granite was derived from partial melting of amphibolite lower crust contaminated with Proterozoic-Archean upper crustal materials. The garnet-muscovite granite was generated through melt extraction from the biotite-muscovite granite crystal mush. These results confirm that partial melting of the amphibolite lower crust not only occurred in the southern and central Lhasa subterranes but also in the northern Lhasa subterrane.
Preoperative clinical model to predict myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery: a retrospective analysis from the MANAGE cohort in a Spanish hospital
Authors: Serrano Ana Belen , Gomez-Rojo Maria , Ureta Eva , Nuñez Monica , Fernández Félix Borja , Velasco Elisa , Burgos Javier , Popova Ekaterine , Urrutia Gerard , Gomez Victoria , del Rey Jose Manuel , Sanjuanbenito Alfonso , Zamora Javier , Monteagudo Juan Manuel , Pestaña David , de la Torre Basilio , Candela-Toha Ángel 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo determine preoperative factors associated to myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) and to develop a prediction model of MINS.DesignRetrospective analysis.SettingTertiary hospital in Spain.ParticipantsPatients aged ≥45 years undergoing major non-cardiac surgery and with at least two measures of troponin levels within the first 3 days of the postoperative period. All patients were screened for the MANAGE trial.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe used multivariable logistic regression analysis to study risk factors associated with MINS and created a score predicting the preoperative risk for MINS and a nomogram to facilitate bed-side use. We used Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator method to choose the factors included in the predictive model with MINS as dependent variable. The predictive ability of the model was evaluated. Discrimination was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration was visually assessed using calibration plots representing deciles of predicted probability of MINS against the observed rate in each risk group and the calibration-in-the-large (CITL) and the calibration slope. We created a nomogram to facilitate obtaining risk estimates for patients at pre-anaesthesia evaluation.ResultsOur cohort included 3633 patients recruited from 9 September 2014 to 17 July 2017. The incidence of MINS was 9%. Preoperative risk factors that increased the risk of MINS were age, American Status Anaesthesiology classification and vascular surgery. The predictive model showed good performance in terms of discrimination (AUC=0.720; 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.75) and calibration slope=1.043 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.18) and CITL=0.00 (95% CI: −0.12 to 0.12).ConclusionsOur predictive model based on routinely preoperative information is highly affordable and might be a useful tool to identify moderate-high risk patients before surgery. However, external validation is needed before implementation.
Manual Therapy for Fibrosis-Related Late Effect Dysphagia in head and neck cancer survivors: the pilot MANTLE trial
Authors: Hutcheson Katherine , McMillan Holly , Warneke Carla , Porsche Christine , Savage Kiara , Buoy Sheila , Wang Jihong , Woodman Karin , Lai Stephen , Fuller Clifton 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionLate dysphagia that develops or persists years after head and neck cancer (HNC) is a disabling survivorship issue. Fibrosis is thought to stiffen connective tissues and compress peripheral nerve tracts, thereby contributing to diminished strength, flexibility, and in some cases denervation of swallowing muscles. Manual therapy (MT) is used in cancer survivors for pain and other indications, but it is unknown if increasing blood flow, flexibility and cervical range of motion (CROM) in the head and neck may improve late dysphagia.Methods and analysisManual Therapy for Fibrosis-Related Late Effect Dysphagia (MANTLE) is a National Cancer Institute-funded prospective single-arm pilot trial evaluating the feasibility, safety and therapeutic potential of MT in patients with late dysphagia after radiotherapy (RT) for HNC. Disease-free survivors ≥2 years after curative-intent RT for HNC with at least moderate dysphagia and grade ≥2 Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 fibrosis are eligible. The target sample size is 24 participants who begin the MANTLE programme. MANTLE is delivered in 10 MT sessions over 6 weeks with an accompanying home exercise programme (HEP). Patients then transition to a 6-week post-washout period during which they complete the HEP and then return for a final post-washout evaluation. Feasibility (primary endpoint) and safety will be examined. Serial assessments include CROM, modified barium swallow studies, quantitative MRI, electromyography (optional) and patient-reported outcomes as secondary, tertiary and exploratory endpoints.Ethics and disseminationThe research protocol and informed consent document was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication that will be made publicly available on PubMed Central on acceptance for publication, in compliance with NIH public access policy.Trial registration numberNCT03612531.
Opioid-induced constipation: a stepwise treatment algorithm feasibility study
Authors: Davies Andrew Neil , Leach Charlotte , Butler Claire , Patel Shuchita Dhwiren , Shorthose Kate , Batsari Kabir 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundOpioid-induced constipation (OIC) is frequently undertreated in patients with advanced cancer. Our hypothesis is that the use of a stepwise treatment algorithm, supported by regular patient-reported outcome measures, should improve the management of OIC. The aim of this feasibility study was to determine whether a definitive study could be successfully completed.MethodsPatients with OIC (Rome Foundation diagnostic criteria positive), and a Bowel Function Index (BFI) score of ≥30, were recruited to the study. The study involved weekly assessments, and decisions about management were based on the current BFI score (and the tolerability of the current treatment). Management was based on a four-step treatment algorithm, developed from recent international guidelines.ResultsOne hundred patients entered the study, and 79 patients completed the study. Fifty-seven (72%) participants responded to treatment, with 34 (43%) participants having a ‘complete’ response (ie, final BFI<30) and 23 (29%) participants having a ‘partial’ response (ie, change in BFI≥12). In participants with a complete response, 73.5% were prescribed conventional laxatives, 12% were prescribed a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist (PAMORA) and 14.5% were prescribed a PAMORA and conventional laxative.DiscussionThe feasibility study suggests that a definitive study can be successfully completed. However, we will amend the methodology to try to improve participant recruitment, participant retention and adherence to the treatment algorithm. The feasibility study also suggests that the use of the BFI to monitor OIC, and the use of a treatment algorithm to manage OIC, can result in clinically important improvements in OIC.Trial registration numberNCT04404933
Clinicopathological characteristics and genetic variations of uterine tumours resembling ovarian sex cord tumours
Authors: Ye Shan , Wu Jing , Yao Lingli , He Jie 
Published: August 2021

AimsTo investigate the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of uterine tumours resembling ovarian sex cord tumours (UTROSCTs) and the value of molecular diversity in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.MethodsFive patients with UTROSCT were enrolled, and their clinical data, pathological morphologies, immunophenotypes and molecular features were analysed. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation forNCOA1,NCOA2,NCOA3,JAZF1andPHF1and next-generation sequencing for 27 homologous recombination/repair (HRR) pathway genes were performed on five and three UTROSCT specimens, respectively.ResultsAll five patients were treated for abnormal uterine bleeding and grossly presented with intrauterine polyps. Under a microscope, tumour cells grew diffusely and presented a cordlike arrangement and glandular duct-like structures, with nuclei ranging from round to oval, vesicular chromatin and visible nucleoli in some cases. The mitotic count was less than 3/10 high-power fields. Immunohistochemistry showed sex cord, epithelial cell and smooth muscle cell biomarkers and diffuse, strong staining for B cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2).NCOA1andNCOA3rearrangements were identified in 80% (4/5) of the cases.JAZF1andPHF1rearrangements were not detected in any of five patients. HRR pathway gene mutations were detected in all three patients, includingFANCE,ATRandARID1Amutations in one case each.ConclusionUTROSCT is a rare mesenchymal tumour, and biopsy specimens are easily misdiagnosed. UTROSCT diagnosis requires the combined use of biomarkers and molecular detection. BCL-2 has potential diagnostic value as a marker. UTROSCT can have mutations related to the HRR pathway, suggesting that this tumour type may be sensitive to platinum/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors.
We need to work differently in a crisis: peer-professional leadership to redesign physicians’ work
Authors: Woiceshyn Jaana , Huq Jo-Louise , Kannappan Sunand , Fabreau Gabriel , Minty Evan , Pendharkar Sachin , Bharwani Aleem 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundUnderstanding physician leadership is critical during pandemics and other health crises when formal organisational leaders may be unable to respond expeditiously. This study examined how physician leaders managed to quickly design a new model for acute-care physicians’ work, adopted across four large hospitals in a public health authority in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe research employed a qualitative case study methodology, with inductive analysis of interview transcripts and documents. Shortly after a physician work model redesign, we interviewed key informants: the physician leaders and others who participated in or supported the model’s development. Participants were chosen based on their leadership role and through snowballing. All those who were approached agreed to participate.ResultsA process model describes leadership actions during four phases of work model development (priming, early planning, readying for operations and transition). These actions were: (1) recognising the threat, (2) committing to action, (3) forming and organising, (4) building and relying on relationships, (5) developing supporting processes and (6) designing functions and structure. We offer three additional contributions to knowledge about leadership in a time of crisis: (1) leveraging peer-professional leadership to initiate, formalise and organise change processes, (2) designing a new work model on existing and emerging evidence and (3) building and relying on relationships to unify various actors.ConclusionsThe model of peer-professional leadership can deepen understanding of how to lead professionals. Our findings could assist peer-professional and organisational leaders to encourage quick redesign of professionals’ work in response to new phases of the COVID-19 pandemic or other crises.
Post-Newtonian properties of EMRI with power law potential
Authors: Gandevikar Chinmay N. , Solanki Divyesh N. , Dey Dipanjan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere are many astrophysical scenarios where extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) binaries can be surrounded by inhomogenous matter distribution. The distribution of mass can affect the dynamical properties (e.g. orbital frequency, average energy radiation rate, etc.) of the EMRI. In this matter distribution, instead of Kepler–Newton potential, one may consider a more general form of potential i.e. power law potential. Moreover, due to the power law potential, at the Newtonian order itself, the velocity profile of test particles does not fall as much as that predicted by Kepler–Newton potential and this feature of the velocity profile may be observationally important. In this study, we have obtained the first post-Newtonian (1PN) expressions for dynamical quantities and the average energy radiation rate from the circular orbit EMRI which is surrounded by a matter distribution. We show that the energy radiation rate and orbital frequency of EMRI can be significantly different in the presence of power law potential as compared to that in the Kepler–Newton potential, signatures of which may be observed in gravitational waves from EMRI.
The Efficacy of Ozone Prolotherapy Compared to Intra-Articular Hypertonic Saline Injection in Reducing Pain and Improving the Function of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Farpour Hamid reza , Ashraf Alireza , Hosseini Seyed Saeed 
Published: August 2021

Background. Knee osteoarthritis is a common disease that is associated with chronic pain and disability in patients. Prolotherapy is a complementary therapeutic approach for improving pain and function in patients with osteoarthritis. We aimed to compare the effect of hypertonic saline with ozone plus hypertonic saline in improving the symptoms of osteoarthritis in the patients. Materials and Method. In this clinical trial, thirty-four adults with painful primary knee osteoarthritis for at least three months were randomized to two groups: ozone plus hypertonic saline 5% and hypertonic saline 5% alone. Prolotherapy and thrice follow-up with two-week intervals were done. The outcome measures included Oxford Knee Scale (OKS), Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS), which were obtained from the patients before the injection and after the 2nd and 4th weeks after the start of the study. Results. The mean age of the participants was 60.12 ± 7.54 years. There were no statistically significant differences between demographic characteristics before the injection between the two groups (

p

> 0.05). The results showed that VAS and OKS values decreased over time (

p

< 0.001) in each group, but there was no significant difference in the reduction of those between the two treatment groups (

p

= 0.734 and

p

= 0.734, respectively). Both interventions improved the mean values of WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness, WOMAC act, and WOMAC total. However, there was no significant difference in WOMAC pain reduction rate (

p

= 0.465), WOMAC stiffness rate (

p

= 0.656), WOMAC act rate (

p

= 0.376), and WOMAC total rate between the two methods (

p

= 0.528). Conclusion. The results showed that intra-articular prolozone therapy and hypertonic saline injection can lead to improvement of pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis at the same status without any significant difference.
The Effect of Exercise and Learning Therapy on Cognitive Functions and Physical Activity of Older People with Dementia in Indonesia
Authors: Juniarti Neti , Al’Adawiyah MZ Ihda , Sari Citra Windani Mambang , Haroen Hartiah 
Published: August 2021

Background. This study aims to analyze the effect of exercise and learning therapy on the cognitive functions and daily physical activities of older people with dementia in Indonesia. Methods. This was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. Samples were selected using nonrandom sampling methods and were then randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The study population was older people with mild-to-moderate dementia, and the sample number was 90 people. The intervention group received an Indonesian physical exercise program for older people and reading therapy through 12 sessions over four weeks. The intervention was led by a community health volunteer who has been trained and certified. Results. The mean score for cognitive function in the intervention group showed significant increase between pre- and postintervention, with

p
value
<
0.
001

, and there was no significant difference in the control group before and after intervention, with a

p
value of 0.
198

. Further, the Mann–Whitney test showed that there were significant differences in the mean scores for cognitive function between the intervention and control groups with

p
value
<
0.
001

and a 95% confidence level. Conclusion. Based on the results, the Indonesian older people exercise program and reading aloud activity had a positive effect on the cognitive function of older people with dementia.
Numerical Investigation of the Trailing Edge Shape on the Added Damping of a Kaplan Turbine Runner
Authors: Ming Zhang , Mbango-Ngoma P. A. , Xiao-zhen Du , Qing-Guang Chen 
Published: August 2021

Hydraulic turbine runners experience high excitation forces in their daily operations, and these excitations may cause resonances to runners, which may induce high vibrations and shorten the runner's lifetimes. Increasing the added damping of runners in water can be helpful to reduce the vibration level during resonances. Some studies have shown that the modification of the trailing edge shape can be helpful to increase added damping of hydrofoils in water. However, the influence of blade trailing edge shape on the added damping of hydraulic turbine runners has been studied in a limited way before. Due to the difficulties to study this problem experimentally, the influence of blade trailing edge shape on a Kaplan turbine runner has been studied numerically in this paper and the one-way FSI method was implemented. The performances of three different turbulence models, including the

k
−
ϵ

,

k
−
ω

SST

, and transition SST models, in the added damping simulation of the NACA 0009 hydrofoil were evaluated by comparing with the available results of the two-way FSI simulation in the references. Results show that, unlike the significantly different performances in the two-way FSI method, the performances of all the turbulence models are very close in the one-way FSI method. Then, the

k
−
ϵ

turbulence model was applied to the added damping simulation of a Kaplan turbine runner, and results show that the modification of the blade trailing edge shape can be helpful to increase the added damping to some extent.
Targeting Notch Inhibitors to the Myeloma Bone Marrow Niche Decreases Tumor Growth and Bone Destruction without Gut Toxicity
Authors: Sabol Hayley M. , Ferrari Adam J. , Adhikari Manish , Amorim Tânia , McAndrews Kevin , Anderson Judith , Vigolo Michele , Lehal Rajwinder , Cregor Meloney , Khan Sharmin , Cuevas Pedro L. , Helms Jill A. , Kurihara Noriyoshi , Srinivasan Venkat , Ebetino Frank H. , Boeckman Robert K. , Roodman G. David , Bellido Teresita , Delgado-Calle Jesus 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Systemic inhibition of Notch with γ-secretase inhibitors (GSI) decreases multiple myeloma tumor growth, but the clinical use of GSI is limited due to its severe gastrointestinal toxicity. In this study, we generated a GSI Notch inhibitor specifically directed to the bone (BT-GSI). BT-GSI administration decreased Notch target gene expression in the bone marrow, but it did not alter Notch signaling in intestinal tissue or induce gut toxicity. In mice with established human or murine multiple myeloma, treatment with BT-GSI decreased tumor burden and prevented the progression of multiple myeloma-induced osteolytic disease by inhibiting bone resorption more effectively than unconjugated GSI at equimolar doses. These findings show that BT-GSI has dual anti-myeloma and anti-resorptive properties, supporting the therapeutic approach of bone-targeted Notch inhibition for the treatment of multiple myeloma and associated bone disease.

Significance:
Development of a bone-targeted Notch inhibitor reduces multiple myeloma growth and mitigates cancer-induced bone destruction without inducing the gastrointestinal toxicity typically associated with inhibition of Notch.