bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Analysis of Audit Partner Rotation†
Authors: Pittman Jeffrey , Wang Lin , Wu Donghui 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTFocusing on mandatory partner rotations, we examine the importance of within‐firm network connections to the selection of successor partners and the impact of those connections on post‐rotation audit performance. Using data from China, we track partners' history and identify incumbent‐successor connections stemming from jointly conducted prior engagements. Although these connections can enhance incumbent‐successor information transfers and thus post‐rotation audit performance, they may also pose a threat to quality by compromising the successor's independence. Among the pool of replacement candidates, we find that individuals with stronger connections with the incumbent are more likely to be appointed as successors. This finding is more pronounced when the audit engagement is more complex, client‐specific knowledge is not readily available to the succeeding partner, and the engagement is more valuable to the audit firm. We also document that successor‐incumbent connections are associated with equal or better post‐rotation audit quality and fewer client defections. These results suggest that the benefits of network‐based successor selection may outweigh its costs. By enriching our understanding of the partner transition process, this study contributes to the public policy discourse on partner rotation.
Balancing the story of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A narrative review of the literature on strengths
Authors: Flannigan Katherine , Wrath Andrew , Ritter Chantel , McLachlan Kaitlyn , Harding Kelly D. , Campbell Alanna , Reid Dorothy , Pei Jacqueline 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor many years, researchers have explored the complex challenges experienced by individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). This research has been important for documenting the brain‐ and body‐based impacts of prenatal alcohol exposure and the psychosocial vulnerabilities and environmental adversities frequently associated with FASD. It has also supported advocacy efforts and highlighted the necessity of providing FASD services and supports. However, with the focus on deficits and needs, there is a considerable gap in the literature on the strengths and successes of individuals with FASD. The lack of strengths‐based FASD research has likely perpetuated the stress and stigma experienced by individuals with FASD and their families. Thus, there is a critical need to shift the direction of the field. Here we provide a narrative review of the literature on strengths in FASD. Our goals are to: (1) understand the state of strengths‐based research related to individuals with FASD across the lifespan, and (2) describe positive characteristics, talents, and abilities of individuals with FASD that may be cultivated to promote their fulfillment and well‐being. We identified a total of 19 studies, most of which were conducted to explore the lived experiences of adults with FASD. This preliminary but critical body of evidence highlights the intrinsic strengths of individuals with FASD, including strong self‐awareness, receptiveness to support, capacity for human connection, perseverance through challenges, and hope for the future. Despite the importance of this emerging evidence, appraisal of the literature indicates a need for more intentional, methodologically rigorous, participatory, and theory‐driven research in this area. Findings from this study, including the identified gaps in the literature, can be used to inform research, practice, and policy to meaningfully advance the field of FASD and promote positive outcomes in this population.
Moderate blood alcohol and brain neurovulnerability: Selective depletion of calcium‐independent phospholipase A2, omega‐3 docosahexaenoic acid, and its synaptamide derivative as a potential harbinger of deficits in anti‐inflammatory reserve
Authors: Schreiber Jennifer A. , Tajuddin Nuzhath F. , Kouzoukas Dimitrios E. , Kevala Karl , Kim Hee‐Yong , Collins Michael A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundRepetitive, highly elevated blood alcohol (ethanol) concentrations (BACs) of 350 to 450 mg/dl over several days cause brain neurodegeneration and coincident neuroinflammation in adult rats localized in the hippocampus (HC), temporal cortex (especially the entorhinal cortex; ECX), and olfactory bulb (OB). The profuse neuroinflammation involves microgliosis, increased proinflammatory cytokines, and elevations of Ca+2‐dependent phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and secretory PLA2 (sPLA2), which both mobilize proinflammatory ω‐6 arachidonic acid (ARA). In contrast, Ca+2‐independent PLA2 (iPLA2) and anti‐inflammatory ω‐3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid regulated primarily by iPLA2, are diminished. Furthermore, supplemented DHA exerts neuroprotection. Given uncertainties about the possible effects of lower circulating BACs that are common occurring during short‐ term binges, we examined how moderate BACs affected the above inflammatory events, and the impact of supplemented DHA.Methods and resultsYoung adult male rats sustaining upper‐moderate BACs (~150 mg/dl) from once‐daily alcohol intubations were sacrificed with appropriate controls after 1 week. The HC, ECX and OB were quantitatively examined using immunoblotting, neurodegeneration staining, and lipidomics assays. Whereas neurodegeneration, increases in cPLA2 IVA, sPLA2 IIA, and ARA, and microglial activation were not detected, the HC and ECX regions demonstrated significantly reduced iPLA2 levels. Levels of DHA and synaptamide, its anti‐inflammatory N‐docosahexaenoylethanolamide derivative, also were lower in HC, and DHA supplementation prevented the iPLA2 decrements in HC. Additionally, adult mice maintaining upper‐moderate BACs from limited alcohol binges had reduced midbrain iPLA2 levels.ConclusionsThe apparently selective depletion by moderate BACs of the metabolically linked anti‐inflammatory triad of hippocampal iPLA2, DHA, and synaptamide, and of iPLA2 in the ECX, potentially indicates an unappreciated deficit in brain anti‐inflammatory reserve that may be a harbinger of regional neurovulnerability.
Political and economic determinants of export restrictions in the agricultural and food sector
Authors: He Xi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUtilizing a rich export restriction database that covers 527 agricultural products at the six‐digit Harmonized System (HS) code level in 168 countries from 2005 to 2015, this article investigates the political and economic determinants of countries’ export restriction decisions. Empirical analysis shows that a one standard deviation increase in a commodity's market power increases the probability of an export restriction on that commodity by 5.5%, and a one standard deviation increase in a country's number of Regional Trade Agreement (RTA) partners decreases the probability of an export restriction by 6.0%. There is also evidence that higher market power of the downstream sector, which purchases inputs from the upstream sector, leads to a higher probability of export restrictions in the upstream sector. Macroeconomic variables, including urbanization rate, agricultural land per capita, and weather variables, are also important determinants of export restrictions. This article highlights the potential role of RTAs and competitive market structure in both the sector of interest and its downstream sector in disciplining export restrictions.
Circ_0037078 promotes trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis by miR‐576‐5p/IL1RAP axis
Authors: Zou Hong , Mao Qinghua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) is a common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Recent studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a pathological role in PE. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the action and mechanism of circ_0037078 in PE process.MethodsThe quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot were used to determine the expression levels of RNAs and genes. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis were evaluated by using cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), colony formation, transwell, and tube formation assays, respectively. The target relation between miR‐576‐5p and IL1RAP (Interleukin‐1 receptor accessory protein) and circ_0037078 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays.ResultsCirc_0037078 expression was higher in placental tissues of patients with PE than that of normal control. Knockdown of circ_0037078 led to an enhancement of the proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in trophoblast cells. Mechanistically, circ_0037078 acted as a sponge for miR‐576‐5p, thus elevating the expression of IL1RAP, which was targeted by IL1RAP. Further rescue experiments suggested that miR‐576‐5p inhibition reversed the effects of circ_0037078 knockdown on above behaviors of trophoblast cells. Moreover, miR‐576‐5p overexpression enhanced the proliferative, migratory, invasive, angiogenic phenotypes of trophoblast cells, which were attenuated by IL1RAP up‐regulation.ConclusionCirc_0037078 knockdown promotes trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro by miR‐576‐5p/IL1RAP axis, providing a novel insight into the etiology of PE.
miR‐146a enhances regulatory T‐cell differentiation and function in allergic rhinitis by targeting STAT5b
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yang Yujuan , Guo Jing , Cui Limei , Yang Liping , Li Yumei , Mou Yakui , Jia Chuanliang , Zhang Luo , Song Xicheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNA (miR)‐146a, as an important immune regulatory factor with an anti‐inflammatory effect, plays a crucial role in regulatory T‐cell (Tregs) differentiation and function in allergic rhinitis (AR). The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism employed by miR‐146a to control Treg differentiation and function in AR.MethodsExpression of miR‐146a and STAT5b in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and nasal mucosa from patients with AR was detected by qPCR and Western blotting. Tregs were quantified by flow cytometry in miR‐146a knockdown or STAT5b knockdown PBMCs. FOXP3, IL‐10, and TGF‐β levels were detected by Western blotting or ELISA in miR‐146a knockdown or STAT5b overexpressing PBMCs, as well as in STAT5b knockdown PBMCs overexpressing miR‐146a. The effect of miR‐146a on STAT5b was observed by luciferase assay and knockdown experiments.ResultsLevels of miR146a and STAT5b in the nasal mucosa or PBMCs were significantly lower in the AR group than in the control group. There were significantly fewer Tregs in miR‐146a knockdown or STAT5b knockdown PBMCs compared to control PBMCs. Expression of FOXP3, IL‐10, and TGF‐β was decreased in the miR‐146a knockdown group but increased in the STAT5b overexpression group. In contrast, miR‐146a overexpression increased the levels of these factors, but knockdown of STAT5b significantly inhibited this effect. Luciferase assay and knockdown experiments showed that miR‐146a bound directly to STAT5b.ConclusionsmiR‐146a enhances Treg differentiation and function in AR by positively targeting STAT5b.
Performance, clinical utility, and cost‐effectiveness of selective use of staging investigations in early breast cancers
Authors: James Justin , Teo Melanie , Ramachandran Vivekananda , Law Michael , Cheng Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundInternational guidelines do not recommend routine staging of EBCs. However, most clinicians still perform staging investigations (SI) selectively for several reasons. We examined our practice of selective use of SI to determine its performance, clinical utility, and cost‐effectiveness.MethodsWe performed this retrospective study on patients who had treatment for AJCC stage I or stage II breast cancer through Eastern health Breast and cancer centre, Melbourne, for 50 months from January 2012.ResultOur practice of selective use resulted in SI in 41% of all EBCs (95% CI 37–46%). Overall yield was 3% (95% CI 0.4–5.4%) with a false positive rate of 22% (95% CI 1628%) and a false‐negative rate of 45% (95% CI 11–79%). The sensitivity of SI is 55% (95% CI 21–89%) with a negative predictive value of 97% (95% CI 94.8–99.9%). None of the treatment components was found to be significantly changed based on findings on SI. There was no significant difference in all‐cause mortality or new distant recurrence in the staged and non‐staged groups. Identification of six new metastases cost at least 422 021 AUD. The approximate cost to stage one EBC is 2069 AUD. ‘Number needed to scan’ to detect one new metastasis is 34 at the expense of 70337AUD.ConclusionSelective use of SI results in better yield. However, the clinical utility of these results is not significant. It is debatable if this level of expenditure is cost‐effective. Our results point to a need for change in practice.
Long‐term colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after adenoma removal in women and men
Authors: Jodal Henriette C. , Klotz Dagmar , Herfindal Magnhild , Barua Ishita , Tag Petter , Helsingen Lise M. , Refsum Erle , Holme Øyvind , Adami Hans‐Olov , Bretthauer Michael , Kalager Mette , Løberg Magnus 
Published: October 2021

SummaryBackgroundWomen and men with colorectal adenomas are at increased risk of colorectal cancer and colonoscopic surveillance is recommended. However, the long‐term cancer risk remains unknown.AimsTo investigate colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after adenoma removal in women and menMethodsWe identified all individuals who had adenomas removed in Norway from 1993 to 2007, with follow‐up through 2018. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and incidence‐based mortality ratios (SMR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for colorectal cancer in women and men using the female and male population for comparison. We defined high‐risk adenomas as ≥2 adenomas, villous component, or high‐grade dysplasia.ResultsThe cohort comprised 40 293 individuals. During median follow‐up of 13.0 years, 1079 women (5.5%) and 866 men (4.2%) developed colorectal cancer; 328 women (1.7%) and 275 men (1.3%) died of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer incidence was more increased in women (SIR 1.64, 95% CI 1.54‐1.74) than in men (SIR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05‐1.19). Colorectal cancer mortality was increased in women (SMR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02‐1.26) and reduced in men (SMR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71‐0.89). Women with high‐risk adenomas had an increased risk of colorectal cancer death (SMR 1.37, 95% CI 1.19‐1.57); women with low‐risk adenomas (SMR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76‐1.07) and men with high‐risk adenomas had a similar risk (SMR 0.89, 95% CI 0.76‐1.04), while men with low‐risk adenomas had reduced risk (SMR 0.70, 95% CI 0.59‐0.84).ConclusionsAfter adenoma removal, women had an increased risk of colorectal cancer death, while men had reduced risk, compared to the general female and male populations. Sex‐specific surveillance recommendations after adenoma removal should be considered.
Influence of fibrolytic enzymes in total mixed ration containing urea‐molasses‐treated sugarcane bagasse on the performance of lactating Holstein–Friesian crossbred cows
Authors: Lunsin Ratchataporn , Pilajun Ruangyote , Cherdthong Anusorn , Wanapat Metha , Duanyai Somporn , Sombatsri Prapatsorn 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of fibrolytic enzyme on nutrient utilization and milk production in dairy cows. Four multiparous early‐to‐mid‐lactation Holstein–Friesian crossbred cows were randomly allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Cows were fed a balanced total mixed ration (TMR) on a dry matter (DM) basis containing 0, 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 g/kg DM of fibrolytic enzyme in TMR, where the TMR comprises 60% concentrate supplemented with a fibrolytic enzyme at 0, 2, 4, and 6 g/kg DM of concentrate, and 40% urea‐molasses‐treated sugarcane bagasse (UMSB) was used as a roughage source. Fibrolytic enzyme supplementation in TMR containing UMSB did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) of dairy cows (p > 0.05). There was a quadratic effect of fibrolytic enzyme levels on the digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (p < 0.05), and the maximal response was reached at 1.2–2.4 g/kg DM of fibrolytic enzyme added in the TMR. Furthermore, 3.5% fat‐corrected milk, milk fat, total volatile fatty acids, and propionic acid were greater in a cow fed with 1.2–2.4 g/kg DM of fibrolytic enzyme, resulting in a lower ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid (p < 0.05). In conclusion, adding a fibrolytic enzyme in TMR containing UMSB improved nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, and milk production of lactating dairy cows.
‘Faking it’: Exploring adolescent perceptions of depression (in)authenticity and ‘attention seeking’
Authors: Dixon‐Ward Katharina C. , Chan Stella W. Y. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesAttitudes towards peers who are not perceived to be legitimately depressed, or whose depression ‘authenticity’ is questioned, represent a current gap in adolescent depression stigma research. This research study, therefore, investigated how perceptions of depression inauthenticity are framed in adolescent Reddit communities.MethodsThis observational study used an internet‐mediated, qualitative methodology to analyse forum posts from April 2019 to January 2020 on three adolescent‐based subreddits. Posts were extracted using the Baumgartner Reddit Corpus. Identifiable information was removed to protect anonymity.ResultsInductive thematic analysis identified two overarching themes, namely, public stigma and self‐stigma associated with depression inauthenticity. Public stigma could be further dissected into five subthemes: (i) dichotomy between ‘real’ and ‘fake depression’; (ii) aggression towards ‘fakers’; (iii) stereotypes; (iv) attention; and (v) diagnosis. On the other hand, the theme of self‐stigma consisted of subthemes: (i) self‐doubt and (ii) validation and invalidation.ConclusionsAdolescents framed a dichotomy between so‐called ‘real’ and ‘fake depression’, with hostility directed at peers perceived to be ‘fake depressed’. Perceptions of depression inauthenticity were confused and inconsistent. Public and self‐stigma towards depression inauthenticity enforced barriers to help‐seeking. While future research should investigate to what extent these observations based on online forums mimic stigma in real‐life settings, our findings have highlighted the needs for ‘fake depression’ stigma to be addressed by adolescent depression literacy and stigma interventions. Recent movements towards reconceptualizing depression as a dimensional construct may help to challenge these stigmatizing views of a dichotomy between ‘real’ and ‘fake’ depression.Practitioner points

There is widespread stigma concerning perceived inauthenticity related to depression in these online adolescent communities, with vitriol targeted at peers perceived to be so‐called ‘fake depressed’.

Adolescent depression literacy and stigma programmes should tackle stigma towards perceived inauthenticity and promote the message that all adolescent distress deserves attention and help. This involves challenging perceptions that only supposedly ‘authentic’, diagnosed, or diagnosable, depression is worthy of attention and support.

Prevention Programmes should work to mitigate barriers to help‐seeking posed by misunderstandings that distress which is kept secret is more ‘authentic’, and tackle gender and age stereotypes surrounding perceived inauthenticity.

There is a need for clinically approved online resources targeted at adolescents who feel unsure about whether their symptoms could be indicators of depression, and to make professional advice and help more accessible for young people.
The role of dialecticism in objective and subjective attitudinal ambivalence
Authors: Luttrell Andrew , Petty Richard E. , Chang Jen‐Ho , Togans LaCount J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough attitudes are often considered positive or negative evaluations, people often have both positive and negative associations with a target object or issue, and when people are ambivalent, they are typically presumed to find the experience aversive because they are motivated to hold clear, univalent attitudes. Cross‐cultural research, however, has shown cultural variation in the propensity for dialectical thinking, which is characterized by a tolerance for contradiction. Two studies examined the role of dialectical thinking tendencies in the occurrence of attitudinal ambivalence and how much people subjectively experience their state of ambivalence. Study 1 measured individual differences in dialectical thinking within a culture, and Study 2 compared participants across two cultures (United States and Taiwan) that differ in dialecticism. Across studies, greater dialectical thinking was associated with holding both positive and negative evaluations of the same topic (objective ambivalence) and weaker correlations between objective ambivalence and subjective reports of being conflicted (subjective ambivalence).
The influence of tectonic activity on clathrate destabilisation: Microthermometry and Raman insights from seep carbonates in the Alps‐Apennines tectonic knot
Authors: Ceriani Andrea , Arboit Francesco , Di Giulio Andrea , Decarlis Alessandro , Steuber Thomas , Amadori Chiara , Al Suwaidi Aisha 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe formation of carbonate build‐ups associated with seafloor methane vents – where microbially mediated sulphate‐dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane produces alkalinity – is well documented in modern marine environments and in the geologic record. However, the triggering event(s) behind the processes leading to hydrocarbon disequilibrium, seeping and consequent deposition of seep‐carbonates remain poorly constrained. This contribution characterises the salinity, geochemistry and temperature framework of a suit of fluid inclusions from hydrocarbon‐derived seep‐carbonate veins, collected from the Marmorito Formation in the Monferrato Hills, NW Italy. The datasets yield evidence of three different precipitation events, which comprise porous structures composed of well bladed calcites and aggregated spherules of aragonite. Fluid inclusions analysis shows the presence of a heterogeneous entrapment of immiscible fluids proving the paleo‐dissolution of a suite of complex hydrocarbons, which have a wide range of closing temperature starting at ca. 60°C. These physical and chemical conditions are considered to indicate seep‐carbonate deposition driven by disequilibrium of hydrocarbon‐bearing compounds at temperatures much warmer than the background ambient bottom waters (ca. 1 to 5°C) due to the influence of the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene tectonic compression at the junction of the southern Alps and Apennines.