bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term monitoring of two snake species reveals immune–endocrine interactions and the importance of ecological context
Authors: Spence Austin R. , French Susannah S. , Hopkins Gareth R. , Durso Andrew M. , Hudson Spencer B. , Smith Geoffrey D. , Neuman‐Lee Lorin A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhile there is huge promise in monitoring physiological parameters in free‐living organisms, we also find high amounts of variability over time and space. This variation requires us to capitalize on long‐term physiological monitoring to adequately address questions of population health, conservation status, or evolutionary trends as long‐term sampling can examine ecoimmunological and endocrine interactions in wild populations while accounting for the variation that often makes ecophysiological field studies difficult to compare. In this study, we tested how immune efficacy and endocrinology interact while accounting for ecological context and environmental conditions in two snake species. Specifically, we measured bacterial killing ability, steroid hormones, and morphological characteristics in multiple populations of the Western Terrestrial Gartersnake (Thamnophis elegans) and Common Gartersnake (T. sirtalis) for multiple seasons over 6 years. Leveraging this long‐term dataset, we tested how a broad immune measure and endocrine endpoints interact while accounting for individual traits, sampling date, and environmental conditions. Across both species, we found bacterial killing ability to be directly related to corticosterone (CORT) and temperature and greater overall in the spring compared to the fall. We found CORT and testosterone yielded relationships with individual sex, sampling temperature, and time of year. Wild populations can exhibit high amounts of variation in commonly collected physiological endpoints, highlighting the complexity and difficulty inherent in interpreting single endpoints without taking ecological and environmental conditions into account. Our study emphasizes the importance of reporting the environmental conditions under which the sampling occurred to allow for better contextualization and comparison between studies.
lncRNA MCM3AP‐AS1 inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer via the miR‐19a‐3p/FOXF2 axis
Authors: Dai Wenxin , Zeng Wangyuan , Lee Dongwon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNA MCM3AP antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA MCM3AP‐AS1) has a regulatory role in the development of diverse malignancies, whereas its role and mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not yet clear.MethodsThe relative expression of MCM3AP‐AS1, miR‐19a‐3p and forkhead box F2 (FOXF2) mRNA in 53 cases of CRC and its adjacent normal tissues, human normal colonic mucosal cells (FHC cells) and CRC cell lines was examined by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and the changes of cell multiplication and migration were examined by the cell counting kit‐8 method, EdU test, and scratch‐healing test, respectively. Bioinformatics, dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and a RNA immunoprecipitation experiment were adopted to predict and verify the relationship between MCM3AP‐AS1 and miR‐19a‐3p; bioinformatics and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay were adopted to predict and verify the relationship between miR‐19a‐3p and FOXF2. Western blotting was executed to examine the effects of MCM3AP‐AS1 overexpression or knockdown on FOXF2 protein expression.ResultsMCM3AP‐AS1 expression was down‐modulated in CRC, and its dysregulation was linked to unfavorable pathological characteristics. MCM3AP‐AS1 significantly impeded the multiplication and migration of CRC cells. MCM3AP‐AS1 was recognized as a molecular sponge to suppress miR‐19a‐3p expression, and FOXF2 was a target gene of miR‐19a‐3p. MCM3AP‐AS1 positively modulated FOXF2 expression, and its biological effect was dependent the on miR‐19a‐3p/FOXF2 axis.ConclusionsMCM3AP‐AS1 can inhibit CRC promoting by modulating the miR‐19a‐3p/FOXF2 axis.
Long non‐coding RNA SNHG8 promotes prostate cancer progression through repressing miR‐384 and up‐regulating HOXB7
Authors: Shi Zhenfeng , Zhang Hao , Jie Situ , Yang Xiaojian , Huang Qunxiong , Mao Yunhua , Zhang Yan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundMultiple long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to function as vital regulators in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). In the present study, we aimed to probe the function of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (SNHG8) in PCa progression.MethodsA quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were utilized to measure SNHG8, microRNA‐384 (miR‐384) and homeobox B7 (HOXB7) expression. Call‐couting kit‐8 and bromodeoxyuridine experiments were employed to evaluate PCa cell proliferation. Transwell experiments were performed to detect PCa cell migration and invasion. Dual‐luciferase reporter experiments and RNA immunoprecipitation experiments were conducted to determine the targeting relationships among miR‐384, SNHG8 and HOXB7.ResultsSNHG8 was up‐regulated in PCa tissues and cells. Silencing of SNHG8 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells. SNHG8 functioned as a molecular sponge to repress miR‐384. The effects of SNHG8 knockdown on PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion were counteracted by miR‐384 inhibition. HOXB7 was confirmed to be a target gene of miR‐384. SNHG8 knockdown repressed HOXB7 expression via targeting miR‐384.ConclusionsSNHG8 promotes PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion via decoying miR‐384 and up‐regulating HOXB7.
Secure intravariceal sclerotherapy with red dichromatic imaging decreases the recurrence rate of esophageal varices: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Furuichi Yoshihiro , Abe Masakazu , Kasai Yoshitaka , Takeuchi Hirohito , Yoshimasu Yuu , Itoi Takao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundRed dichromatic imaging (RDI) is next‐generation image‐enhanced endoscopy technique released in July 2020. We previously reported that RDI can predict esophageal varices (EV) depth and decrease their recurrence rate by accurate intravariceal injections during endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) using unreleased prototype RDI endoscope. In this study, we analyzed whether RDI improves the overall survival (OS) rate and whether it is more accurate independent predictor of EV recurrence than white light imaging (WLI), using propensity score matching.MethodsA total of 179 patients were enrolled. Patients were matched for age, platelet count, liver function, EV size, luminal diameter, and EV depth using propensity score matching, and 78 patients (RDI, 39; WLI, 39) were finally matched. Primary endpoints were OS and recurrence rates. Secondary endpoints were success rate of intravariceal injection, operating time, incidence of adverse events (AEs), and predictors associated with OS and recurrence rates.ResultsThere was no difference in OS (P = .193), but the cumulative recurrence rate in the RDI group was significantly lower than in the WLI group (P = .002). Success rates of intrainjection, operating time, and incidence of AEs were better in the RDI group (p = 0.035, .026, and .0019, respectively). Independent predictors associated with recurrence rate by Cox proportional regression were RDI function and luminal diameter (P < .001 and .017, respectively).ConclusionRDI did not improve OS but decreased the recurrence rate. Independent predictors of recurrence rate were RDI and luminal diameter, resulting from secure intravariceal injections in EIS.
Characterizing the alkaptonuria joint and spine phenotype and assessing the effect of homogentisic acid lowering therapy in a large cohort of 87 patients
Authors: Ranganath Lakshminarayan R. , Khedr Milad , Vinjamuri Sobhan , Gallagher James A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA large alkaptonuria (AKU) cohort was studied to better characterize the poorly understood spondyloarthropathy of rare disease AKU. Eighty‐seven patients attended the National Alkaptonuria Centre (NAC) between 2007 and 2020. Seven only attended once. Fifty‐seven attended more than once and received nitisinone 2 mg daily. Twenty‐three attended at least twice without receiving nitisinone. Assessments included questionnaire analysis, 18FPositron emission tomography computerised tomography (PETCT), as well as photographs of ochronotic pigment in eyes and ears at baseline when 2 mg nitisinone was commenced and yearly thereafter. Blood and urine samples were collected for chemical measurement. The prevalence of ochronosis, as well as pain, PETCT and combined pain and PETCT scores, was greatly increased at 90.5%, 85.7%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Joint pain scores were greatest in proximal joints in upper and lower limbs. PETCT joint scores were higher in proximal joints in upper limb but higher in distal joints in the lower limb. Spine pain scores were highest in lumbar, followed by cervical, thoracic, and cervical regions at 77.4%, 59.5%, 46.4%, and 25%, respectively. PETCT spine scores were highest in thoracic followed by lumbar, cervical, and sacroiliac regions at 74.4%, 70.7%, 64.6%, and 47.8% respectively; ochronosis associated closely with spondyloarthropathy scores (R = .65; P < .0001). Nitisinone reversed ochronosis significantly, with a similar pattern of decreased joint and spine disease. Spondyloarthropathy is a highly prevalent feature in this NAC cohort. Ochronosis appears to be associated with spondyloarthropathy. Nitisinone decreases ochronosis and had a similar nonsignificant effect pattern on spondyloarthropathy.
Quantifying the operation of sinusoidal mass filters
Authors: Huntley Adam P. , Reilly Peter T.A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEven though sinusoidal quadrupole mass filters have been around for more than 50 years, the relationships defining resolution, resolving power, and transmission from the applied voltages have not been rigorously quantified or discussed. Traditional quadrupole mass filter theory implies that voltages are scanned at constant direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) voltage ratios with the scanline passing through the origin of the voltage stability diagram. A prominent feature of constant voltage ratio scans is constant baseline theoretical resolving power (m/Δm) that is the same for all masses. Commercial quadrupole instruments rarely scan at constant resolving power because ion transmission increases with mass. Instead, they scan at constant resolution, meaning that the mass window width is fixed. Constant resolution mass scans are preferred because ion transmission does not change with mass. Commercial mass filter systems create constant resolution scans by linearly changing the DC and AC voltages at a fixed ratio in the presence of an additional negative DC voltage offset. This manuscript systematically quantifies the effects of the DC and AC voltages on resolution, resolving power, pseudopotential well depth, and transmission. To quantify these properties, recently developed spreadsheet tools that calculate the laboratory frame stability of ions from the matrix solutions of Hill's equation were used. Voltage scanning methods and their effects on theoretically determined transmission and sensitivity will be discussed.
Emotion suppression and perceptions of interpersonal citizenship behavior: Faking in good faith or bad faith?
Authors: Lam Catherine K. , Walter Frank , Lawrence Sandra A. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryTeammates' perceptions of person‐focused interpersonal citizenship behavior (ICB) are important for effective teamwork, and a member's emotion suppression may critically influence others' respective perceptions. The existing research is inconclusive, however, whether emotion suppression is helpful or harmful in this regard. This ambiguity hampers our understanding of the development of ICB perceptions within work teams, and it creates uncertainty as to whether members' emotion suppression is beneficial or detrimental for themselves and the overall team. Hence, we examine a model that specifies important boundary conditions for the emotion suppression–ICB perception linkage. We illustrate a three‐way interactive relation across two studies, such that a member's emotion suppression is positively or negatively associated with a teammate's person‐focused ICB perceptions, depending on both the dyadic interaction context (i.e., relationship conflict) and the overall team context (i.e., goal interdependence). Beyond creating new knowledge on the origins of ICB perceptions, these results reconcile prior, seemingly contradictory perspectives on the role of emotion suppression by explicating when this emotion regulation strategy appears as either “faking in good faith” or “faking in bad faith.” Moreover, reiterating our findings' relevance, we link others' ICB perceptions with members' receipt of ICB from their teammates as well as team performance.
Creativity and paternalistic leadership in a developing country's restaurants: The role of job embeddedness and career stage
Authors: Khorakian Alireza , Baregheh Anahita , Eslami Ghasem , Yazdani Narjes , Maharati Yaghoob , Jahangir Mostafa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between paternalistic leadership and employee creativity in the tourism and hospitality industry, considering the mediating role of job embeddedness and the moderating role of career stage based on Social Exchange Theory and Conservation of Resources Theory. A paired survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to evaluate the research variables targeting managers and chefs of restaurants in a developing country. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling has been used. Findings demonstrate that job embeddedness has a positive effect on creativity as well as a mediating role between moral and benevolence leadership and creativity. Moreover, employees' career stage is positively linked to job embeddedness and creativity. This study contributes to the existing literature by studying the role that job embeddedness and career path play on employee creativity. Thus, reflecting on how the tourism and hospitality industry can be more innovative, considering the specific sociocultural features given that the study is conducted in a tourist city in a developing country.
A Pilot Study of the Efficacy of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Treating Posttraumatic Psychopathology: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: O'Donnell Meaghan L. , Lau Winnie , Chisholm Katherine , Agathos James , Little Jonathon , Terhaag Sonia , Brand Rachel , Putica Andrea , Holmes Alexander C. N. , Katona Lynda , Felmingham Kim L. , Murray Kim , Hosseiny Fardous , Gallagher Matthew W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) is an intervention that targets common mechanisms that maintain symptoms across multiple disorders. The UP has been shown to be effective across many disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive episode (MDE), and panic disorder, that commonly codevelop following trauma exposure. The present study represented the first randomized controlled trial of the UP in the treatment of trauma‐related psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety symptoms. Adults (N = 43) who developed posttraumatic psychopathology that included PTSD, MDE, or an anxiety disorder after sustaining a severe injury were randomly assigned to receive 10–14 weekly, 60‐min sessions of UP (n = 22) or usual care (n = 21). The primary treatment outcome was PTSD symptom severity, with secondary outcomes of depression and anxiety symptom severity and loss of diagnosis for any trauma‐related psychiatric disorder. Assessments were conducted at intake, posttreatment, and 6‐month follow‐up. Posttreatment, participants who received the UP showed significantly larger reductions in PTSD, Hedges’ g = 1.27; anxiety, Hedges’ g = 1.20; and depression symptom severity, Hedges’ g = 1.40, compared to those receiving usual care. These treatment effects were maintained at 6‐month follow‐up for PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptom severity. Statistically significant posttreatment loss of PTSD, MDE, and agoraphobia diagnoses was observed for participants who received the UP but not usual care. This study provides preliminary evidence that the UP may be an effective non–trauma‐focused treatment for PTSD and other trauma‐related psychopathology.
Brown Bear Density and Estimated Harvest Rates in Northwestern Alaska
Authors: Schmidt Joshua H. , Robison Hillary L. , Parrett Lincoln S. , Gorn Tony S. , Shults Brad S. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTHuman‐caused mortality in general, and unregulated hunting in particular, have been implicated in reductions in brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations throughout much of their range. In northwestern Alaska, USA, bear densities have not been assessed in 20 years while harvest regulations have been liberalized, raising concerns that broad undetected population declines might occur. We used a modified mark‐resight approach to estimate brown bear density during 2005–2018 in 4 subareas throughout the region. We also summarized harvest information for each subarea and used our survey results to estimate harvest rates. We estimated densities for independent bears assuming constant or heterogeneous probabilities of detection and occurrence. We present the results of the constant model for more direct comparison with past work and the heterogeneity model results to provide estimates of density that are less likely to be negatively biased. Using the constant model, we estimated the density of independent bears was 17.0, 49.2, 24.9, and 19.4/1,000 km2 on portions of the Seward Peninsula, the lower Noatak River, the upper Noatak River, and Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, respectively. These estimates are broadly similar to those from past work in interior and northwestern Alaska, with the exception of the lower Noatak River subarea where our estimates are the highest reported for a bear population in northern Alaska. We estimated that the harvest rate on the Seward Peninsula was approximately 5.2% or 7.7% on average, depending upon the model used. In the remaining areas, we estimated annual harvest rates were <2.5%, well within sustainability guidelines from past work. Overall, our results suggest that brown bear densities are similar or somewhat higher than in the past in much of northwestern Alaska and that current harvest rates are sustainable in most areas, except perhaps the Seward Peninsula. Ongoing survey work will be useful for further evaluating the assumptions of the modified mark‐resight survey approach, assessing population trajectory, and determining the effect of harvest on brown bear populations. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Lifestyle psychiatry for depression and anxiety: Beyond diet and exercise
Authors: Piotrowski Madison C. , Lunsford Julia , Gaynes Bradley N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThere are a range of lifestyle factors which can negatively affect both a person's physical and mental health, and there is increasing evidence that therapeutic lifestyle change can be useful for the prevention and treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. The six core features of lifestyle medicine—regular physical activity, a whole food and plant predominant diet, restorative sleep, stress management, avoidance of substance abuse, and positive social connection—are important foci for mental health providers trying to help patients make meaningful lifestyle changes to improve their well‐being. Alongside these elements, there are likely many other aspects of lifestyle important to mental health. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of five potential lifestyle targets which may play a role in the development and treatment of depression and anxiety, including financial stability, time in nature, pet ownership, materialistic values, and the use of social media. The paper will explore the evidence that these factors contribute to the burden of depression and anxiety in the modern world and will review the potential mechanisms of these effects and clinical implications of interventions targeting these factors.
Albumin‐PEG‐Based Biomaterial for Laser‐Tissue Soldering and Its Real‐Time Monitoring With Swept‐Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Alam Zoya , Mohan Muktesh , Pal Kaustav , Poddar Raju 
Published: January 2021

Background and ObjectivesThe study presents a noninvasive, real‐time monitoring technique for the cross‐sectional imaging of the laser‐tissue soldering process with a swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) system. The study also aims at performing a comparative study of the laser‐tissue soldering (LTS) process using optimized compositions of albumin as solder biomaterials.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe experimental study was conducted both ex vivo and in vivo to assess the superiority of the LTS process over conventional methods using a noninvasive imaging tool. In our attempt to combine the two techniques into one diagnostic tool, we have used the SSOCT system for a thoroughgoing investigation of the process in real‐time. Laser‐assisted tissue soldering was performed using a pulsed near‐infrared (NIR) laser with a central wavelength of 980 nm, an output power of 5 W, and beam diameter (1/e
2) of 6 mm. Here, the SSOCT system has been utilized to observe and analyze the transitions taking place in real‐time without disrupting the process. For the comparative study, we have used serum albumin in a 70% w/v concentration and albumin‐PEG conjugate in a 6:1 ratio as soldering materials. Different stages of the laser interaction process were monitored with OCT B‐scans of the incision area. Also, the basis of biomaterial‐tissue interaction was studied with the help of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the soldering materials.ResultsFTIR spectrum alludes to the fact that the intertwining of the soldering biomaterial with tissue collagen creates adhesion. Biomaterial serum albumin with 70% w/v concentration as soldering material demonstrates complete sealing of tissue at the incision with 3 minutes of laser irradiation. SSOCT B‐scans have been useful in imaging the incision noninvasively at different stages.ConclusionBoth ex vivo and in vivo demonstration of the LTS process were presented with a clinical resemblance. OCT can be of great value to determine the wound contraction in case of incisional wounds or sealed wounds produced by the LTS procedure. Also, volumetric measurements of percentage reduction in wound area can be done with OCT. SSOCT system can be a potential imaging modality for real‐time noninvasive imaging of surgical procedures like LTS. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC