bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INCIDENCIA DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN TERRITORIAL EN LA MOVILIDAD COTIDIANA DE MUJERES
Authors: Ulloa-Chacha Karla Monserrath 
Published: December 2021

Las condiciones de movilidad de los ciudadanos no son equitativas, están atravesadas por diversos factores como el nivel socio-económico, las capacidades motrices, la edad y el género. Esta investigación se enfoca en la movilidad en transporte público de mujeres que residen en un barrio precario de Cuenca: la Ciudadela Jaime Roldós; se estudia la incidencia de la distribución territorial en sus desplazamientos. Para ello, se analiza, mediante entrevistas semi – estructuradas y cartografía social, de qué forma perciben sus recorridos en autobús al atravesar la ciudad. Se encuentra que el defciente servicio de transporte público produce viajes extensos, lo que provoca que las entrevistadas inviertan mucho tiempo en movilizarse. Así también, la percepción de inseguridad constante, el acoso y violencia sexual es un factor que defne sus viajes; no obstante, prefieren el autobús por su economía. Estudios como este permiten visibilizar que las condiciones de movilidad aún están lejos de ser equitativas para todos los ciudadanos.
Palabras clave: Transporte público, derecho a la ciudad, movilidad cotidiana, barrio precario, equidad de género
AbstractThis thesis focuses on the daily mobility on public transportation of women residing in a precarious neighborhood of Cuenca. The incidence of territorial distribution on displacements was studied. To achieve this, an analysis, through semi - structured interviews and social cartography on how they perceive their bus routes when crossing the city, was carried out. It was found that poor public transport service produced extensive travel, which caused respondents to spend a lot of time to get around. Likewise, the perception of constant insecurity,harassment and sexual violence was a factor that defned their travels. Yet, they preferred bus service for its economy.
Keywords: Public transport, right to the city, daily mobility, slum, gender equality.
Leukotriene B4 Is a Major Determinant of Leukocyte Recruitment During Otitis Media
Authors: Heo Kyung Wook , Pak Kwang , Kurabi Arwa , Ryan Allen F. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundPathogens of otitis media (OM) induce inflammatory responses in the middle ear (ME), characterized by mucosal hyperplasia, leukocyte infiltration, and inflammatory mediators, including arachidonic acid metabolites. We studied the role of the eicosanoid leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in OM.MethodsExpression of LTB4-related genes was evaluated by gene array and single-cell RNA-Seq in MEs infected with nontypeableHaemophilus influenzae(NTHi). An inhibitor of LTB4 receptor 1 (i.e. U75302) was also used to block LTB4 responses.ResultsME expression of LTB4-related genes was observed by gene arrays and scRNA-Seq. However, not all genes involved in LTB4 generation occurred in any one specific cell type. Moreover, LTB4 receptor inhibition significantly reduced mucosal hyperplasia and virtually eliminated leukocyte infiltration.ConclusionsME expression of LTB4-related genes suggest a functional role in OM disease. The fact that LTB4-generation is spread across different cell types is consistent with a transcellular pathway of eicosanoid biosynthesis involving cell-to-cell signaling as well as transfer of biosynthetic intermediates between cells. The dramatic reduction in ME leukocyte infiltration caused by U75302 indicates that LTB4 plays a major role in ME inflammatory cell recruitment, actingviathe LTB4R1 receptor. Given that there are many other chemotactic factors that occur in the ME during OM, the ability of LTB4 to activate leukocytes and stimulate their extravasation may explain the effects of inhibition. Reduction in mucosal hyperplasia due to U75302 administration may be secondary to the reduction in leukocytes since LTB4R1 is not expressed by mucosal epithelial or stromal cells. The results suggest that LTB4 receptor antagonists could be useful in treating OM.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Acquired Coronary Fistulas After Successful Revascularization of Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Fan Rong , Tan Haipeng , Song Yanan , Yao Wang , Fan Min , Huang Zheyong , Ge Junbo 
Published: December 2021

Background and Objectives: Acquired coronary fistulas (ACFs) are rare coronary artery abnormalities in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO). It has been found after revascularization, and it may cause fluster during the CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI). How to distinguish between ACFs and coronary perforation (CP) is very important for CTO operators. Chronic total occlusion reopening may reveal the microchannel of the adventitial vascular layers. Some of ACFs have been seen after revascularization. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of ACFs after successful CTO PCI.Methods: The clinical and procedural characteristics, medical history, and findings in electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, and coronary angiography were collected from 2,169 consecutive patients undergoing CTO PCI between January 2018 and December 2019 and analyzed retrospectively.Results: About 1,844 (85.02%) underwent successful CTO PCI with complete revascularization. Acquired coronary fistulas were found in 49 patients (2.66%): the majority of patients with ACFs were men (81.63 vs. 60.78%; p = 0.016) and younger (62.8 vs. 66.69 years; p = 0.003), and had a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or Q-wave (69.39 vs. 54.21%; p = 0.035); 38 (77.55%) patients had multiple fistulas (≥3), and ACFs affected multiple branches of the CTO vessel (≥3) in 29 (59.18%) patients. None had pericardial effusion, tamponade, and hemodynamic abnormality before or after PCI.Conclusion: Acquired coronary fistulas after successful CTO PCI are mainly present in young and male patients with a history of MI, and they often involve multiple fistulas and distal CTO vessels.
A Preoperative Nomogram for the Prediction of High-Volume Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Peiliang , Liang Faya , Ruan Jingliang , Han Ping , Liao Jianwei , Chen Renhui , Luo Baoming , Ouyang Nengtai , Huang Xiaoming 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundHigh-volume lymph node metastasis (HVLNM, equal to or more than 5 lymph nodes) is one of the adverse features indicating high recurrence risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and is recommended as one of the indications of completion thyroidectomy for patients undergoing thyroid lobectomy at first. In this study, we aim to develop a preoperative nomogram for the prediction of HVLNMs in the central compartment in PTC (cT1-2N0M0), where preoperative imaging techniques perform poor.MethodsFrom October 2016 to April 2021, 423 patients were included, who were diagnosed as PTC (cT1-2N0M0) and underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic central compartment neck dissection in our center. Demographic and clinicopathological features were recorded and analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was developed based on multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong the included patients, 13.4% (57 cases) were found to have HVLNMs in the central compartment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (&lt;/=35 years vs. &gt;35 years), BRAF with V600E mutated, nodule diameter, and calcification independently predicted HVLNMs in the central compartment. The nomogram showed good discrimination with an AUC of 0.821 (95% CI, 0.768–0.875).ConclusionThe preoperative nomogram can be used to quantify the probability of HVLNMs in the central compartment and may reduce the reoperation rate after thyroid lobectomy.
Evaluation of Bone Marrow Texture and Trabecular Changes With Quantitative DCE-MRI and QCT in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbit Models
Authors: Chen Pianpian , Zha Yunfei , Wang Li , Li Liang , Hu Lei , Xing Dong , Liu Baiyu , Yang Liu , Yang Qi , Liu Changsheng , Liu Huan , Liu Weiyin 
Published: December 2021

PurposeTo investigate whether the microvascular permeability of lumbar marrow and bone trabecular changes in early-stage diabetic rabbits can be quantitatively evaluated using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), quantitative computed tomography, and texture-analyzed permeability parameter Ktrans map of DCE-MRI.Materials and MethodsThis prospective study included 24 rabbits that were randomly assigned to diabetic (n = 14) and control (n = 10) groups. All rabbits underwent sagittal MRI of the lumbar region at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after alloxan injection. Pearson correlation coefficient was performed to determine the correlation between permeability parameter and bone mineral density (BMD). Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the changes in lumbar BMD over time in each group and the texture parameters of diabetic rabbit lumbar marrow at different time points. Mann–Whitney U rank sum test was used to compare the differences of each index between the two groups and calculate the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsBMD was correlated with Ktrans, Kep, and Ve but not with Vp. At weeks 0–16, the BMD of the rabbits in the diabetic and normal groups was not statistically significant, but the change in BMD showed an overall downward trend. For texture analysis, entropy, energy, and Uniformized positive pixel (UPP) parameters extracted from the Ktrans map showed significant differences from week 0 to 16 between the two groups. The identification ability at 8–12 weeks was higher than that at 12–16 weeks, and the AUCs were 0.734, 0.766, and 0.734, respectively (P &lt; 0.05 for all).ConclusionsThe changes in BMD measured using quantitative computed tomography occurred later than those measured using bone trabecular morphometry. Texture analysis parameters based on DCE-MRI quantitative parameter Ktrans map are feasible to identify early changes in lumbar marrow structure in diabetic rabbits.
Longitudinal Variations of M. tuberculosis-Induced IFN-γ Responses in HIV-Negative Pregnant Women Exposed to Tuberculosis
Authors: Ranaivomanana Paulo , Ratovoson Rila , Razafimahatratra Crisca , Razafimahefa Arimanitra , Hoffmann Jonathan , Herindrainy Perlinot , Rakotonirina Julio , Rakotosamimanana Niaina 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionPregnancy triggers an alteration of the immune functions and increases the risk of developing the active tuberculosis (TB) symptoms in exposed women. The effect of pregnancy on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific immune responses used for most of the TB immunodiagnostic assays is not well documented. Here we investigated the changes in the M. tuberculosis-specific IFN-γ production in age-matched pregnant and non-pregnant women according to their TB exposition status.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study on HIV-seronegative pregnant and non-pregnant women with compatible pulmonary TB symptoms addressed to TB healthcare facilities in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Active pulmonary TB was bacteriologically assessed with culture from sputum samples. Clinical data and blood samples were collected at inclusion and after 6 months of follow-up for each individual included. Whole blood samples were stimulated with QuantiFERON TB-Gold Plus (QFT-P) assay antigens. Plasma IFN-γ concentrations were then assessed by ELISA.ResultsA total of 284 women were investigated for the study including 209 pregnant women without confirmed TB (pNTB), 24 pregnant women with bacteriologically confirmed active TB (pATB), 16 non-pregnant women with active TB (ATB), and 35 non-pregnant healthy donors (HC). At inclusion, IFN-γ responses are lower in the pregnant women compared to their age-matched non-pregnant counterparts and independently of their TB status. Among the pregnant women, higher concentrations of M. tuberculosis-specific IFN-γ were observed in those exposed to TB, but with a lower magnitude in the active TB compared to the latently infected pregnant women (p &lt; 0.05 with TB1 and p &lt; 0.01 with TB2). After 6 months of follow-up, the M. tuberculosis-specific IFN-γ responses return to their baseline concentrations except for the pregnant women treated for TB for which none of the QFT-P positive reversed to negative (0%, 0/10) at the end of their TB treatment.ConclusionThese results support the concept of specific immune priorities characterized by a concomitant reduction in inflammatory immunity during pregnancy and corroborate the important role of activating the M. tuberculosis-specific immune responses to control the infection when the pregnant women are exposed to the pathogen.
Elevated De Ritis Ratio Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pranata Raymond , Huang Ian , Lim Michael Anthonius , Yonas Emir , Vania Rachel , Lukito Antonia Anna , Nasution Sally Aman , Siswanto Bambang Budi , Kuswardhani Raden A. Tuty 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to assess whether elevated De Ritis ratio is associated with poor prognosis in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and EuropePMC databases up until September 17, 2021. De Ritis ratio is also known as Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase (AST/ALT) ratio. The main outcome was poor prognosis, a composite of mortality, severity, the need for ICU care, and intubation. The effect measure was odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences. We generated sensitivity and specificity, negative and positive likelihood ratio (NLR and PLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under curve (AUC).Results: There were eight studies with 4,606 patients. De Ritis ratio was elevated in 44% of the patients. Patients with poor prognosis have higher De Ritis ratio [mean difference 0.41 (0.31, 0.50), p &lt; 0.001; I2: 81.0%] and subgroup analysis showed that non-survivors also have higher De Ritis Ratio [mean difference 0.47 (0.46, 0.48), p &lt; 0.001; I2: 0%]. Elevated De Ritis ratio was associated with poor prognosis [OR 3.28 (2.39, 4.52), p &lt; 0.001; I2: 35.8%]. It has a sensitivity of 55% (36–73), specificity of 71% (52–85), PLR 1.9, NLR.63, DOR of 3 (2–4), and AUC of.67 (0.63–0.71). The posterior probability of poor prognosis was 38% if De Ritis is elevated, while 17% if De Ritis is not elevated.Conclusion: Elevated De Ritis ratio is associated with poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO ID: CRD42020216634.
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Setting in COVID-19-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Comparison Between Electrical Impedance Tomography, PEEP/FiO2 Tables, and Transpulmonary Pressure
Authors: Gibot Sébastien , Conrad Marie , Courte Guilhem , Cravoisy Aurélie 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The best way to titrate the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome is still matter of debate. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique that could guide PEEP setting based on an optimized ventilation homogeneity.Methods: For this study, we enrolled the patients with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), who required mechanical ventilation and were admitted to the ICU in March 2021. Patients were monitored by an esophageal catheter and a 32-electrode EIT device. Within 48 h after the start of mechanical ventilation, different levels of PEEP were applied based upon PEEP/FiO2 tables, positive end-expiratory transpulmonary (PL)/ FiO2 table, and EIT. Respiratory mechanics variables were recorded.Results: Seventeen patients were enrolled. PEEP values derived from EIT (PEEPEIT) were different from those based upon other techniques and has poor in-between agreement. The PEEPEIT was associated with lower plateau pressure, mechanical power, transpulmonary pressures, and with a higher static compliance (Crs) and homogeneity of ventilation.Conclusion: Personalized PEEP setting derived from EIT may help to achieve a more homogenous distribution of ventilation. Whether this approach may translate in outcome improvement remains to be investigated.
Out-of-Hospital Emergencies in Children Under Palliative Home Care
Authors: Hauch Holger , El Mohaui Naual , Wolff Johannes E. A. , Vaillant Vera , Brill Sabine , Schneck Emmanuel , Ströter Natascha , Sibelius Ulf , Kriwy Peter , Berthold Daniel 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Specialized palliative home care (SPHC) enables children and adolescents with life-limiting illnesses and complex needs to receive care at home. In addition to controlling symptoms and stabilizing the psychosocial situation, crisis anticipation is a component of SPHC. Since the establishment of the reporting SPHC team, parents have called for additional help from emergency medical services (EMS) in emergency situations with unexpected frequency. Children with life limiting diseases could undergo invasive procedures and unhelpful treatments with uncertain consequences. The questions arose as to which factors led to the involvement of the EMS in a palliative situation, what therapy was performed and what outcome could be reached.Methods: Records of the pediatric SPHC patients and EMS call-outs in these children of the reporting SPHC-team in the central region of Hesse, Germany (population: 1.1 million) were retrospectively analyzed from 01.11.2014 to 01.05.2021. The causes of the call-outs, the existence of an emergency agreement, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) score, EMS therapy and outcome were examined. Patient data included age, palliative-justifying diagnosis, duration and intensity of care, place of death and median overall survival (MOS) and palliative SHPC treatment.Results: In total, 172 patients were analyzed during the study period. There were 27 EMS calls for a total of 20 patients/families (= EMS group). Palliative illness or a complication was the most frequent cause of call-outs. The patients in the EMS group were significantly less likely to have a DNR order, required more home visits and telephone calls and were under SPHC care for longer. There was a significantly higher proportion of crisis interventions at home visits. The children in the EMS group died less often from the underlying disease. Of the remaining 152 patients (= non-EMS group), a significantly higher proportion had a European home country.Conclusions: Despite the introduction of the SPHC, parents still call the EMS. Good cooperation and joint training should be sought to prepare all those involved for future call-outs.
Adherence and Psychosocial Well-Being During Pandemic-Associated Pre-deployment Quarantine
Authors: Bühler Antje , Willmund Gerd-Dieter 
Published: December 2021

Background: With the purpose of preventing SARS-Cov-2 traveling with the troops, pre-deployment and post-deployment quarantine are mandatory for the German military. This study investigates which factors could be addressed in order to facilitate adherence and mental health during isolation.Method: Six hundred three soldiers completed questionnaires at the beginning and at the end of pre-deployment quarantine: Mini-SCL (BSI), Perceived Social Support (FSozU-K22), Unit Cohesion, Military Quarantine Adherence Questionnaire (MQAQ), and quarantine-associated factors including informedness about Covid-19, perceived individual risk, benefit of quarantine, clarity of quarantine protocol, need of intimacy, social norms, stigma, practicality of the quarantine, financial disadvantages, boredom, and health promoting leadership.Results: Using stepwise regression analyses, up to 57% of the quarantine adherence was explained by social norms, boredom, perceived benefit/effectiveness of the quarantine, clear communication of the quarantine protocol and perceived risk of an infection, with social norms explaining 43%. In respect to mental health (Mini-SCL) at the beginning of quarantine, only 15% is explained by being in a partnership, (un)fulfilled need for bonding/intimacy, perceived unit cohesion, and perceived social support. Up to 20 % of the variance in mental health at the end of quarantine is explained by accumulated days of isolation before pre-deployment quarantine, age, clear communication of the quarantine protocol, perceived social support, fulfilled need for bonding/intimacy and perceived stigma. Mental health and quarantine adherence did correlate significantly, but to a slight extent. No differences between the beginning and the end of pre-deployment quarantine were found for the overall group in respect to mental health, quarantine adherence, perceived social support and perceived unit cohesion, while their trajectories differed for different subgroups including age, gender, rank, and accumulated days of quarantine: With increasing accumulated days of isolation prior to pre-deployment quarantine, mental health declined over the course of quarantine, though to a small degree.Conclusion: Findings suggest that addressing the norms of fellow soldiers and dependents alike could contribute to quarantine adherence in pre-deployment quarantine. Ongoing research should examine long-term effects on mental health, including these of accumulated days of quarantine, also taking into account post-deployment quarantine.
CASSEGRAIN TYPE DUAL-REFLECTOR ANTENNA CALCULATION METHOD
Authors: СОМОВ А.М. , КАБЕТОВ Р.В. 
Published: December 2021

Предложен способ расчета двухзеркальной антенны Кассегрена, отличающийся введением виртуального дополнительного облучателя для повышения точности расчетов направленных свойств и шумовой температуры. Приведен пример расчета антенны.
A method for calculating a two-reflector Cassegrain antenna is proposed, characterized by the introduction of a virtual additional irradiator to increase the accuracy of calculations of directional properties and noise temperature. An example of the antenna calculation is given.
Gênero cordel: uma sequência didática como “troféu”
Authors: Carvalho Ladmires Luiz Gomes de , Silva Andréa Jane da , Holanda Maria Fabiana Medeiros de 
Published: December 2021

Resumo:
A necessidade de se trabalhar a escrita em sala de aula tomando como base os diversos gêneros textuais, coloca os professores diante da decisão de qual gênero levar para suas aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Assim sendo, pensando no aspecto da relevância cultural do cordel para o Nordeste, decidimos empreender um estudo sobre esse gênero. Nosso objetivo neste artigo é fazer um recorte de um estudo mais amplo com vistas a apresentar a análise de um trabalho com uma Sequência Didática. Dessa forma, apresentamos as etapas dessa sequência didática realizada numa turma de 9º ano de uma escola pública de Natal. Os resultados da análise nos mostram que se trata de um gênero fecundo para se trabalhar em nosso contexto, uma vez que instiga e motiva os alunos em seus processos de leitura e de escrita promovendo o desenvolvimento dessas habilidades.
Palavras-chave: Ensino de leitura e de escrita; Literatura de cordel; Sequência didática.
Investigation of features for prediction modeling of nanoscale conduction with time-dependent calculation of electron wave packet
Authors: Muraguchi Masakazu , Nakaya Ryuho , Kawahara Souma , Itoh Yoshitaka , Suko Tota 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A model to predict the electron transmission probability from the random impurity distribution in a two-dimensional nanowire system by combining the time evolution of the electron wave function and machine learning is proposed. We have shown that the intermediate state of the time evolution calculation is advantageous for efficient modeling by machine learning. The features for machine learning are extracted by analyzing the time variation of the electron density distribution using time evolution calculations. Consequently, the prediction error of the model is improved by performing machine learning based on the features. The proposed method provides a useful perspective for analyzing the motion of electrons in nanoscale semiconductors.