bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating educational interventions to increase breast density awareness among Latinas: A randomized trial in a Federally Qualified Health Center
Authors: Ridgeway Jennifer L. , Jenkins Sarah M. , Borah Bijan J. , Suman Vera J. , Patel Bhavika K. , Ghosh Karthik , Rhodes Deborah J. , Norman Aaron , Ramos Edna P. , Jewett Matt , Gonzalez Crystal R. , Hernandez Valentina , Singh Davinder , Sosa Miranda , Radecki Breitkopf Carmen , Vachon Celine M. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe objective of this randomized trial was to evaluate the short‐term effect of bilingual written and interpersonal education regarding mammographic breast density (MBD).MethodsLatinas aged 40 to 74 years who were presenting for screening mammography were recruited and randomized 1:1:1 to receive a letter with their mammogram and MBD results (usual care [UC]), a letter plus a brochure (enhanced care [ENH]), or a letter plus a brochure and telephonic promotora education (interpersonal care [INT]). Surveys were administered at enrollment (T0) and 2 weeks to 6 months after intervention delivery (T1). Differences were assessed with χ2, Kruskal‐Wallis, and McNemar tests and pairwise comparisons as appropriate. INT metrics and audio recordings were analyzed with descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis.ResultsBetween October 2016 and October 2019, 943 of 1108 Latina participants (85%) completed both surveys. At T1, INT participants were more likely (P < .001) to report seeing their MBD results in the letter (70.2%) than UC (53.1%) or ENH participants (55.1%). The percentage of INT women who reported speaking with a provider about MBD (29.0%) was significantly greater (P < .001) than the percentage of UC (14.7%) or ENH participants (15.6%). All groups saw significant (P < .001) but nondifferential improvements in their knowledge of MBD as a masking and risk factor. In the INT group, the promotora delivered education to 77.1% of the 446 participants randomized to INT and answered questions at 28.3% of the encounters for an average of $4.70 per participant.ConclusionsAmong Latinas in a low‐resource setting, MBD knowledge may increase with written or interpersonal education, but with modest investment, interpersonal education may better improve MBD awareness and prompt patient‐provider discussions.
An adaptive self‐scheduling loop scheduler
Authors: Dennis Booth Joshua , Allen Lane Phillip 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMany shared‐memory parallel irregular applications, such as sparse linear algebra and graph algorithms, depend on efficient loop scheduling (LS) in a fork‐join manner despite that the work per loop iteration can greatly vary depending on the application and the input. Because of the importance of LS, many different methods (e.g., workload‐aware self‐scheduling) and parameters (e.g., chunk size) have been explored to achieve reasonable performance, and many of these methods require expert prior knowledge about the application and input before runtime. This work proposes a new LS method that requires little to no expert knowledge to achieve speedups close to those of tuned LS methods by self‐managing chunk size based on a heuristic of throughput and using work‐stealing to recover from workload imbalances. This method, named iCh, is implemented into libgomp for testing. It is evaluated against OpenMP's guided, dynamic, and taskloop methods and is evaluated against BinLPT and generic work‐stealing on an array of applications that includes: a synthetic benchmark, breadth‐first search, K‐Means, the molecular dynamics code LavaMD, and sparse matrix‐vector multiplication. On a 28 thread Intel system, iCh is the only method to always be one of the top three LS methods. On average across all applications, iCh is within of the best method and is even able to outperform other LS methods for breadth‐first search and K‐Means.
An extendable asymmetric boost multi‐level inverter with self‐balanced capacitors
Authors: Karimi Mahdi , Kargar Paria , Varesi Kazem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a basic asymmetric boost 35‐level inverter topology that can be extended to earn higher gains and levels. The proposed structure benefits from following advantages: extendibility, voltage boosting capability, natural voltage balancing of capacitors, low average voltage stress on semiconductors and large ratio of number of steps to components. The impulse charging current of capacitor(s) is suppressed by small inductor(s), which is bypassed by a diode during discharging mode. The low magnitude (accordingly small size, low price and low weight) and balanced output powers of VX and VY sources are other important profits of proposed topology. The input DC sources can be realized by batteries or combination of PVs and dc–dc converters. This paper also proposes an algorithm for deciding the magnitude of DC sources, which maximizes the number of steps. The gain and steps can be further increased by adding more cascaded switched‐capacitor cells (CSCCs). Due to large number of levels, the output voltage quality of proposed structure is high, which helps to remove or downsize the ac‐side filter. The laboratory‐scaled prototype of converter (feeding a R–L load) has been implemented. The comparison and experimental results approve superiority and correct performance of proposed topology.
Cross‐layered energy optimization with MAC protocol based routing protocol in clustered wireless sensor network in internet of things applications
Authors: Ajmi Nader , Msolli Amina , Helali Abdelhamid , Lorenz Pascal , Mghaieth Ridha 
Published: December 2021

SummaryIn the present situation, there is a huge research gap and development present in the creation and utilization of smart environment due to the development of wireless sensor network (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT). The disadvantage of the earlier models and present systems is it consumes more power and there is a presence of network monitoring issues. Here, there is a need of developing a model which solves both this issues for the real time environment. So, in this paper, we developed a novel model which is a cross‐layered energy optimization‐based Medium Access Control (CEO‐MAC) protocol to overcome those issues. Our model considers the optimal design of the network and MAC layer. Its focus is on the CEO‐MAC routing model, cross‐layer MAC model, cross‐layer energy optimization model, and intercluster/intracluster MAC operational model. This model is briefly analyzed and simulated using Network Simulator 2 (NS2) software, which is the discrete event simulator that works using C++ and Tcl languages. Our protocol is simulated and compared with the present models such as TDL, CMISO, and PCL‐IDA protocols.
Multiple‐input symbol generalised differential Golden code modulation
Authors: Omondi Gevira , Xu Hongjun , Akuon Peter , Pillay Narushan 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThe receiver of a conventional differential modulation scheme performs detection without knowledge of the channel state information (CSI). This results in a 3 dB performance loss compared to coherent modulation. In order to enhance this error performance, generalised differential modulation is utilised. This paper extends the generalised differential modulation scheme to multiple‐input symbol Golden code (MIS‐GC) and proposes a multiple‐input symbol generalised differential Golden code (MIS‐GD‐GC) scheme. This scheme improves the error performance when compared to conventional differential MIS‐GC and achieves a diversity order of 2lNr compared to the conventional Golden code, where l ≥ 1 is an integer, Nr is the number of receive antennas and 2l represents the number of multiple‐input symbols in the MIS‐GC system. We also derive the average bit error probability for the MIS‐GD‐GC scheme. The simulations of bit error rate (BER) compare very well to the derived theoretical bounds and show that the BER of MIS‐GD‐GC draws closer to that of coherent MIS‐GC as the frame length increases. For instance, at a frame length of
, the error performance gap between MIS‐GD‐GC and its coherent counterpart is only 0.4 dB.
Habitat characteristics and climatic factors influence microhabitat selection and arthropod community structure in a globally rare central Appalachian shale barren
Authors: Landsman Andrew P. , Thiel Clara R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

The central Appalachian shale barrens, a globally unique habitat type restricted to the eastern United States, presents an insular and physiologically stressful environment with sparse vegetation and extreme ground surface and air temperatures. Despite the high levels of plant species endemism within these systems, information on invertebrate communities and habitat preferences is extremely limited.

Through this study, we aimed to better understand a shale barren arthropod community, microhabitat selection, and the influence of habitat characteristics and climatic factors. We employed pitfall traps to sample epigeic arthropods during the 2016 growing season in a shale barren habitat.

Arthropod community composition was driven by overstory trees, mediated through accumulated leaf litter and availability of shaded microhabitats. Ambient air temperature also influenced the surface activity of various taxa with spiders decreasing at higher temperatures and ants, crickets, flies, and harvestmen all increasing in relative abundance.

Habitat integrity of the central Appalachian shale barrens is threatened by forest succession and mesophication, encroaching invasive plant species, and rising ambient air temperatures, all of which can alter the extent of overstory vegetation and availability of shaded microhabitats. These biotic and physical pressures will subsequently affect epigeic arthropod community composition, depending on adaptive capacity of individual taxa.

To the authors’ knowledge, these findings constitute only the second published work on arthropod communities and the first to focus on epigeic taxa in this globally rare habitat type. Continued conservation of these unique, insular habitats and their adapted inhabitants requires a multifaceted approach that considers current and future conditions.
Improved correlation between foundation and free‐field ground motions through strong motion recordings and kinematic soil–structure interaction analyses
Authors: Sotiriadis Dimitris , Klimis Nikolaos , Margaris Basil , Sextos Anastasios , Pelekis Panayotis 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present study explores the effect of soil–structure interaction (SSI) on the foundation motion as recorded at accelerometric stations located at the basement of buildings through a large dataset employed from sites where both foundation and free‐field ground motion recordings are available. The significance of such instrumentation is highlighted, in terms of assessing the high frequency filtering that occurs at the foundation level and its potential implication on ground motion prediction models (GMPMs) that are produced with these datasets. Based on the recorded data, analytical expressions relating foundation, and free‐field motion intensity measures, which have been produced in a previous work, are verified. A sub‐structure analysis procedure is extended to include the site and building characteristics of the recorded data. Nonlinear regression analyses are performed, utilizing numerous analysis results, to derive improved, robust analytical expressions, as well as, to include building characteristics. Residual analysis is performed to assess possible bias due to other variables, as well. The produced analytical expressions are validated against the recorded data and compared to the existing expressions in terms of prediction errors. The produced analytical expressions can be utilized for correcting motions recorded at the basement level of buildings to obtain estimates of free‐field ground motions. The latter being “building‐free” is most appropriate for the development of new generation GMPMs that are not biased by the influence of kinematic and inertial interaction. The impact of correcting ground motion data through the proposed analytical expressions is discussed through their implementation on recently published strong motion dataset.
Simulation study of compound parabolic collector‐based solar water heating system with thermal energy storage
Authors: Christopher S. , Kumaresan V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSolar water heating (SWH) systems becomes increasingly popular in modern buildings, due to significant reduction in energy consumption in heating applications. In this work, an active SWH is modeled using TRNSYS software for climatic conditions of Chennai, India, employing an external compound parabolic concentrator solar collector and stratified thermal storage system (STESS). The performance parameters are estimated on the basis of monthly and annual averaged solar fractions (SF) by varying the collector area, mass flow rate, various controller strategies, and STESS geometry. The simulated studies have specified the ability of the optimized system to supply the hot water demand of 280 L d−1 at 60°C, attaining a SF of 0.97. This design strategy can be implemented for the development of an efficient SWH system, utilizing zero energy consumption from conventional resources. The proposed TRNSYS model has been validated using experimental data under similar test conditions. An influence of placing XCPC under evacuated tubes is simulated, resulting 5% improvement in energy gained over an evacuated tube solar collector without XCPC.
Preparation of blueberry anthocyanin liposomes and changes of vesicle properties, physicochemical properties, in vitro release, and antioxidant activity before and after chitosan modification
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Lulu , Wang Xi , Lu Baojun , Zhang Jing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe preparation of blueberry anthocyanin liposomes (BAL) was optimized by response surface methodology. Then, chitosan was used to modify BAL and the environmental stability, in vitro release, and antioxidant activity studies of anthocyanin liposome (An‐Lip), and chitosan‐modified anthocyanin liposome (CS‐An‐Lip) was studied. The results showed that the particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of BAL were 210.7 ± 1.8 nm, ‐ 20.0 ± 1.0 mV, and 82.13%, respectively. After chitosan modification, the encapsulation efficiency and zeta potential of anthocyanin liposomes were improved. The results of environmental stability analysis showed that under certain conditions, the addition of chitosan could stabilize the color characteristics of anthocyanins and the loading amount of anthocyanins (LC%). In vitro release and simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiments showed that the addition of chitosan not only prolonged the sustained‐release time of anthocyanins, but also prolonged the residence time of anthocyanins in vivo, giving full play to the drug effect. In addition, the antioxidant activity test results showed that CS‐An‐Lip increased the antioxidant activity of anthocyanins.
Development of Graphene‐Based Materials in Bone Tissue Engineaering
Authors: Pan Xiaoling , Cheng Delin , Ruan Changshun , Hong Yonglong , Lin Cheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBone regeneration‐related graphene‐based materials (bGBMs) are increasingly attracting attention in tissue engineering due to their special physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this review is to quantitatively analyze mass academic literature in the field of bGBMs through scientometrics software CiteSpace, to demonstrate the rules and trends of bGBMs, thus to analyze and summarize the mechanisms behind the rules, and to provide clues for future research. First, the research status, hotspots, and frontiers of bGBMs are analyzed in an intuitively and vividly visualized way. Next, the extracted important subjects such as fabrication techniques, cytotoxicity, biodegradability, and osteoinductivity of bGBMs are presented, and the different mechanisms, in turn, are also discussed. Finally, photothermal therapy, which is considered an emerging area of application of bGBMs, is also presented. Based on this approach, this work finds that different studies report differing opinions on the biological properties of bGBMS due to the lack of consistency of GBMs preparation. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more standards in fabrication, characterization, and testing for bGBMs to further promote scientific progress and clinical translation.
Cortical iron mediates age‐related decline in fluid cognition
Authors: Howard Cortney M. , Jain Shivangi , Cook Angela D. , Packard Lauren E. , Mullin Hollie A. , Chen Nan‐kuei , Liu Chunlei , Song Allen W. , Madden David J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBrain iron dyshomeostasis disrupts various critical cellular functions, and age‐related iron accumulation may contribute to deficient neurotransmission and cell death. While recent studies have linked excessive brain iron to cognitive function in the context of neurodegenerative disease, little is known regarding the role of brain iron accumulation in cognitive aging in healthy adults. Further, previous studies have focused primarily on deep gray matter regions, where the level of iron deposition is highest. However, recent evidence suggests that cortical iron may also contribute to cognitive deficit and neurodegenerative disease. Here, we used quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to measure brain iron in 67 healthy participants 18–78 years of age. Speed‐dependent (fluid) cognition was assessed from a battery of 12 psychometric and computer‐based tests. From voxelwise QSM analyses, we found that QSM susceptibility values were negatively associated with fluid cognition in the right inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral putamen, posterior cingulate gyrus, motor, and premotor cortices. Mediation analysis indicated that susceptibility in the right inferior temporal gyrus was a significant mediator of the relation between age and fluid cognition, and similar effects were evident for the left inferior temporal gyrus at a lower statistical threshold. Additionally, age and right inferior temporal gyrus susceptibility interacted to predict fluid cognition, such that brain iron was negatively associated with a cognitive decline for adults over 45 years of age. These findings suggest that iron may have a mediating role in cognitive decline and may be an early biomarker of neurodegenerative disease.
The impact of hepatitis B vaccination in the United States, 1999–2018
Authors: He Wen‐Qiang , Guo Guan Nan , Li Chenxi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Hepatitis B vaccine has been included in the infant immunization schedule since 1991 in the United States. We aimed to assess its effectiveness against HBV infection and its impact on mortality.

Approach and Results
The study population was participants aged 6+ years with an HBV vaccination history and an HBV serologic test from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2018. Participants aged 18+ years with linked mortality records from 1999–2014 were followed for mortality analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compute vaccine effectiveness (VE) overall, by year of birth, and by age. Cox regression was used to estimate HRs for all‐cause, cancer‐related, and cardiovascular disease–related mortality. A total of 64,107 participants were included in the main analysis, with 29,600 (40.7%) having completed HBV vaccination (three or more doses, vaccinated). The highest vaccination uptake was found among those born after 1991, at 86.5%. Vaccinated participants had higher prevalence of vaccine‐induced immunity than the unvaccinated (47.2% vs. 7.4%). Among those born after 1991, VE was found at 58% (95% CI, 18%–79%) overall and 85% for those aged ≥20 years (mean age, 22), whereas no effect was found among those born prior to 1990. HBV vaccination was associated with reduced risk of all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68–0.90) and cancer‐related mortality (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58–1.00) but not for cardiovascular disease–related mortality.

Conclusions
In the universal infant vaccination era, the HBV vaccine has shown substantial effectiveness against HBV infection and maintained strong protection for 20 years. It was also associated with reduced risk of all‐cause and cancer‐related mortality.
Changing the conversation: A culturally responsive perspective on executive functions, minoritized children and their families
Authors: Miller‐Cotto Dana , Smith Leann V. , Wang Aubrey H. , Ribner Andrew D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHow might we shift language about executive functions and self‐regulation for minoritized children and families to be more culturally sensitive? The objective of this essay is to offer a culturally responsive perspective on executive functions for minoritized children and their families, while also identifying myths and counterarguments to advance the research in this field for the benefit of minoritized populations.
Microarray expression profile of genes in rats subjected to spinal cord ischemia
Authors: Dan Qi‐Qin , Hu Yue , Jin Hua 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveSpinal cord ischemia is a common disease with a high mortality and morbidity. It will induce the motor and sensory deficits, which bring heavy burden to the patient, family and society. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated and the treatment is far from satisfaction. How to search the key moleculares from multiple genes, after spinal cord ischemia may provide the basic orientation for gene therapy in future clinic trial.MethodsHere, sixteen male rats were employed and randomly divided into the sham and spinal cord ischemia group. Aorta blocking was performed to establish the spinal cord ischmic model. Microarray technique was applied to select the differentially expressed genes between the spinal cord ischemia and sham group in spinal cord tissues at 72 h post operation. Gene ontology analysis, including biological process, cellular component and molecular function, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Genomes were adopted to analyze the function and pathway of the differentially expressed genes following spinal cord ischemia.ResultsSpinal cord ischemic model was successfully established indicated by disappearing of the caudal pulse. Microassay analysis showed that there were 3984 up‐regulated genes and 3513 down‐regulated genes in spinal cord after ischemia. Of these, neurodegeneration, oxidativve, inflamation have been involved, and various functions and pathways, such as signal pathway of ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation pathway have been involved in these differentially expressed genes.ConclusionOur results revealed a network of multiple genes involving in neurodegeneration, oxidative, and inflammation exerts main influnce in the spinal cord after ischemia. These findings will provide potentially novel understanding for the treatment of spinal cord ischemia.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy promotes the improvement of neurological recovery in rats with traumatic brain injury associated with TrkB activation
Authors: Dan Qi‐Qin , Li Ting‐Ting , Liu Fei 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundHyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has been proven to promote restoration of nerve function after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the molecular mechanism is unclear.MethodsIn this study, Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats were adopted. The rats were randomly divided into Sham operation group, TBI group and TBI with HBO therapy group. Then movement and balance function of animals were observed by neurological severity scores (NSS). TUNEL staining was also used to detect the neuronal apoptosis. RT‐PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot (WB) were employed to detect TrkB expression in the mRNA and protein level.ResultsThe NSS scores showed that TBI deteriorated the motor function at 3 days (d), 7 d and 14 d post operation and accelerated apoptosis in the hippocampus. HBO treatment significantly improved the neurological function and suppressed cell apoptosis which is associated with increased of level TrkB expression.ConclusionWe confirmed HBO therapy can promote neurological functional recovery in TBI rats involving TrkB signal pathway.