bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing an Algorithm for Urban Flood Management With the Aim of Reducing Damage and Costs Using the Concept of Conditional Value at Risk&nbsp;
Authors: Firoozabadi Pedram Eshaghieh , nazif sara , Hosseini Seyed Abbas , Yazdi Jafar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Flooding in urban area affects the lives of people and could cause huge damages. In this study, a model is proposed for urban flood management with the aim of reducing the total costs. For this purpose, a hybrid model has been developed using SWMM and a quasi-two-dimensional model based on the cellular automata (CA) capable of considering surface flow infiltration. Based on the hybrid model outputs, the best management practices (BMPs) scenarios are proposed. In the next step, a damage estimation model has been developed using depth-damage curves. The amount of damage has been estimated for the scenarios in different rainfall return periods to obtain the damage and cost- probability functions. The conditional value at risk (CVaR) are estimated based on these functions which is the basis of decision making about the scenarios. The proposed model is examined in an urban catchment located in Tehran, Iran. In this study, five scenarios have been designed on the basis of different BMPs. It has been found that the scenario of permeable pavements has the lowest risk. The proposed model enables the decision makers to choose the best scenario with the minimum cost taking into account the risk associated with each scenario.
Results of Endovascular Therapy of Ureteroarterial Fistulas: A Single Center Experience&nbsp;
Authors: Simon Bjoern , Neubauer Jakob , Schoenthaler Martin , Hein Simon , Bamberg Fabian , Maruschke Lars 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Ureteroarterial fistula (UAF) is a rare but potentially life threatening disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of endovascular therapy for UAF treatment.Methods This retrospective case series evaluates a single center experience of percutaneous stent graft angioplasty and/or coil embolization for UAF. Patient follow-up included technical and early clinical success, complications and revisional procedures. Results We identified 17 UAF in 16 consecutive patients (12 male, 4 female, mean age 69.8 ±11.3 years) who underwent endovascular UAF therapy at our tertiary hospital. All patients presented with hematuria. 5/17 presented with flank pain, in 7 of 17 cases patients were in hypovolemic shock. Risk factors of UAF included chronic indwelling ureteral stents in all ﬁstulas, pelvic exstirpatory surgery in 13 cases. In 6 cases stent grafts were placed from the common iliac artery (CIA) to the external iliac artery (EIA) following coil embolization of the proximal internal iliac artery (IIA). Stent graft placement without previous coil embolization was performed in 10 fistulas. In one case only coil embolization of the IIA was performed. Mean follow-up was 654 (range: 1 – 3269) days. All procedures were technically successful and no procedure related deaths occurred during follow-up. During the initial hospital stay hematuria disappeared in 14/17 cases. Overall, four patients suffered recurrent hematuria, which in three cases resolved after a secondary intervention. One recurrent UAF related death occurred during follow-up 229 days after initial treatment.Conclusion Endovascular therapy proves to be a safe and efficient method in UAF treatment.Evidence-based medicineLevel 4, case series.
Electrospinning Synthesis of Fe3O4/Eu(DBM)3phen/PVP Multifunctional Microfibers and Their Structure, Luminescent and Magnetic properties
Authors: Qin Ruifei , liu lina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Multifunctional Fe3O4/Eu(DBM)3phen/PVP ((DBM: dibenzoylmethane, phen: 1,10-phenanthroline, PVP: polyvinyl pyrrolidone) microfibers were constructed by simple electrospinning process. The structure and morphology of the microfibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The diameters of pure PVP microfibers and the microfibers doped only with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were uniformly distributed, with an average size of about 360 nm. When 3% Eu(DBM)3phen complex and Fe3O4 NPs were both added to the precursor for electrospinning, the microfibers became very inhomogeneous in diameter. The photoluminescent properties of pure Eu(DBM)3phen complex and composite microfibers were also studied. The characteristic emission peaks of Eu3+ appeared in the composite microfibers. The intensities of emission and excitation spectra gradually decrease with adding more Fe3O4 NPs. The unit mass of the pure europium complex in some composite microfibers gave stronger luminescence than the pure europium complex. The fluorescence lifetime of 5D0 state in the composite microfibers is longer than that of pure europium complex. Additionally, the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 NPs and the composite microfibers were investigated. Fe3O4 NPs and composite microfibers were both superparamagnetic. The saturation magnetization of the composite microfibers was smaller than that of pure Fe3O4 NPs.
Longitudinal Association Between Parental-to-child-maltreatment and Self-reported Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symtoms in Pakistani Adolescents
Authors: Lakhdir Maryam Pyar Ali , Peerwani Ghazal , Soomar Salman Muhammad , Nathwani Apsara Ali , Farooq Salima , Ali Naureen Akber , Khaliq Asif , Kadir Muhammad Masood , Azam Syed Iqbal 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Parent-to-child maltreatment is considered to be one of the risk factors for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symtoms but this hypothesis has not been adequately tested in Pakistani settings. Aim: This study aimed to examine the association between parent-to-child maltreatment and the risk of developing GAD symptoms among adolescents.Methods: The association of none to rare, occasionally and frequently parent-to-child maltreatment with the incidence of GAD symptoms was investigated in a sample of 800 adolescents aged 11-17 years who were followed for a period of 2 years. Parent-to-child maltreatment was assessed using ICAST-C (International child abuse screening tool) whereas GAD Symptoms was determined by SCARED (Screen for children anxiety related disorders). Cox Proportional Algorithm was used to estimate risk ratios.Results: Forty-two percent of frequently maltreated children developed GAD symptoms compared to nine percent of none to rare maltreated children. Among children with both uneducated parents, frequently maltreatment was associated with 7.31 (2.20-24.04) times the risk of GAD symptoms as compared to none to rare maltreatment. Conclusion: The frequency of parent-to-child maltreatment is significantly associated with an increased risk of development of GAD symptoms in which parental education plays a crucial role, hence evaluation for the GAD symptoms should be a priority for adolescents with history of occasionally to frequently parent-to-child maltreatment. Parents should be imparted awaress about the ultimate consequences of child maltreatement.
Salvage Surgical Resection After Linac-based Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Radiotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Brain Metastasis
Authors: Matsuda Ryosuke , Morimoto Takayuki , Tamamoto Tetsuro , Inooka Nobuyoshi , Ochi Tomoko , Miyasaka Toshiteru , Yamaki Kaori , Miura Sachiko , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Tamura Kentaro , Yamada Shuichi , Nishimura Fumihiko , Motoyama Yasushi , Nakagawa Ichiro , Park Young-Su , Hasegawa Masatoshi , Nakase Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of salvage surgical resection (SSR) after stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS/fSRT) for brain metastasis.Methods: Between November 2009 and December 2018, we treated 427 consecutive patients with 919 lesions with SRS/fSRT for newly diagnosed brain metastasis at our hospital. During the follow-up period, we treated 19 consecutive patients who underwent 21 SSRs for recurrence, radiation necrosis (RN), and cyst formation after SRS/fSRT for newly diagnosed brain metastasis. Two patients underwent multiple surgical resections. Brain metastasis originated from the lung (n=15, 78.9%), breast (n=3, 15.7%), and colon (n=1, 5.2%). Results: The median time from initial SRS/fSRT to SSR was 14 months (range: 2–96 months). The median follow-up after SSR was 15 months (range: 2–76 months). The range of tumor volume at initial SRS/SRT was 0.121–21.459 cm3 (median: 2.188 cm3). Histopathological diagnosis after SSR was recurrence, RN and cyst formation in 13 and 6 cases, respectively. The median survival time from SSR and from initial SRS/SRT was 17 months and 74 months, respectively. The cases with recurrence had a significantly shorter survival time than those without recurrence (p=0.0453).Conclusion: The patients treated with SRS/fSRT for brain metastasis need long-term follow-up. SSR is a safe and effective treatment for the recurrence, RN, and cyst formation after SRS/fSRT for brain metastasis.
Identification of Methylation Biomarkers for Early Detection of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Pu Yiyi , Li Chao , Yuan Haining , Wang Xiaoju 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: DNA methylation has been widely used for development of cancer diagnosis biomarker. However, the clinical translational rate is low. Databases, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), offer great opportunities for DNA methylation biomarker identification. By taking advantage of the public databases, we aimed to identify cancer specific biomarkers based on DNA methylation level for early detection purpose. Results: We performed a pan-cancer methylation analysis using datasets from TCGA and validated the results using GEO datasets. To identify early-diagnosis biomarkers, we focused on the localized tumors, and identified the biomarkers that can effectively distinguish the localized tumors from normal tissues. After comparing biomarkers for all cancer types, we identified a large group of cancer specific biomarkers. Within all 26 prostate cancer specific biomarkers selected, we confirmed three biomarker sets by multiplex analysis. First, 7 biomarkers (cg26140475, cg24891312, cg24522654, cg21359747, cg03254336, cg12697139, cg19034132) could detect localized prostate tumors from normal tissues (AUC > 0.9). Second, 9 biomarkers (cg17220055, cg26140475, cg24891312, cg09853702, cg22400059, cg16736279, cg27639613, cg06011086, cg00664697) could distinguish between low and high Gleason score prostate tumors (AUC = 0.79). Last, a single biomarker (cg26140475) completely separated prostate tumor from other urinary tumors (AUC = 1). Conclusions: Our study identified and validated a panel of methylation-based biomarkers which could be used for prostate cancer early diagnosis.
Integrative Analysis of Dna Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles to Explore Potential Biomarkers of Glioblastoma
Authors: Rahmati Yazdan , Najafi Sajad , Alivand Mohammad-Reza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most common, most invasive, and malignant type of primary brain tumor with poorly prognosis and poorly survival rate. Using GSE22891 the expression and methylation status of same GBM patients was evaluated to explore key epigenetic genes in GBM. Using |log2FC| > 1 and FDR < 0.05 as the threshold, DEGs including 4910 downregulated and 2478 upregulated were screened and by |log2FC| > 0.2 and p.value < 0.05, 3223 DMCs were detected. By merging the results of DEGs and DMCs, 643 genes were selected for network analysis by WGCNA, and based on expression values three modules and by methylation values, one module was selected. Using STRING and Cytoscape, PPI network of genes of all modules were constructed separately. According to the PPI network, core genes were picked out. The expression status of core genes was evaluated using GSE77043, GSE42656, GSE30563, GSE22891, GSE15824, and GSE122498, and 50 genes were validated. The methylation status of 50 genes was explored using GSE50923, GSE22891, and GSE36245, and finally, 12 hub genes including ARHGEF7, RAB11FIP4, PPP1R16B, OLFM1, CLDN10, BCAT1, C1QB, C1QC, IFI16, NUP37, PARP9, and PCALF were selected. Using GEPIA database, the expression and survival plot, and using cBioportal the scatterplot of methylation versus expression of 12 hub genes were extracted based on TCGA. To determine the diagnostic values of the hub genes, the ROC curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were extracted based on GSE22891.
Assessing fish diversity of Merbok Estuary and adjacent marine waters by DNA taxonomy: towards building comprehensive DNA barcode reference library
Authors: Abidin Danial Hariz Zainal , Nor Siti Azizah Mohd. , Lavoué Sébastien , Rahim Masazurah A. , Jamaludin Noorul Azliana , Akib Noor Adelyna Mohammed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Merbok Estuary comprises one of the largest remaining mangrove forests in Peninsular Malaysia. Its value is significant as it provides both direct and indirect services to local and global communities. It also offers a unique opportunity to study the structure and functioning of mangrove ecosystems. However, its biodiversity is still partially described, limiting its research value. Recent inventories based on morphological examination, documented 138 fish species residing, frequenting or subject to entering the Merbok Estuary. Using a molecular approach, we assessed the fish diversity of the Merbok Estuary and its adjacent waters in DNA barcoding 350 specimens assignable to 135 species initially identified based on morphology. Our results revealed the presence of 140 MOTUs, 130 of them are congruent with morphology-based species delimitation. In two cases, barcodes did not permit to differentiate between two morphotypes while they unveiled cryptic diversity within six other species, calling for further taxonomic investigations. This study provides a comprehensive core-list of fish taxa in Merbok Estuary, demonstrating the advantages of combining morphological and molecular evidence to describe diverse but still poorly studied tropical fish communities. It also delivers a large DNA reference collection for brackish fishes occurring in this region which will facilitate further biodiversity-oriented research studies and management activities.
A rebinding-assay for measuring extreme kinetics using label-free biosensors
Authors: Quinn John G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In vitro kinetic measurements allow mechanistic characterization of binding interactions and are particularly valuable throughout drug discovery, from confirmation of on-target binding in early discovery to fine-tuning of drug-binding properties in pre-clinical development. Early chemical matter often exhibits transient kinetics, which remain challenging to measure in a routine drug discovery setting. For example, characterization of irreversible inhibitors has classically relied on the alkylation rate constant, yet this metric fails to resolve its fundamental constituent rate constants, which drive reversible binding kinetics and affinity complex inactivation. In other cases, extremely rapid association processes, which can approach the diffusion limit, also remain challenging to measure. To address these limitations, a practical kinetic rebinding assay is introduced that may be applied for kinetic screening and characterization of compounds. The new capabilities afforded by this probe-based assay emerge from mixed-phase partitioning in a flow-injection-injection configuration and has been implemented using label-free biosensing. A finite element analysis-based biosensor model, simulating inhibition of rebinding within a crowded hydrogel milieu, provided surrogate test data that enabled development and validation of an algebraic model for estimation of kinetic interaction constants. An experimental proof-of-principle demonstrating estimation of the association rate constant, decoupled from the dissociation process, provided further validation.
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel 1, 4-naphthoquinone Derivatives
Authors: Elkanzi Nadia , Hrichi Hajer , Bakr Rania B. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The synthesis of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives has attracted prominent interest in the field of medicinal chemistry since these compounds exhibit potent pharmacological activity as antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, and anticancer. Herein, a series of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives 4-7, 8a-c, and 9a-d containing heterocyclic moieties were synthesized in good yields and characterized by spectral and elemental analyses. All the new synthesized compounds were subjected to in-vitro antimicrobial testing against gram-positive, gram-negative, and fungal strains by calculating the average of the zone of inhibition. The antimicrobial results showed that compounds 8b, 9b, and 9c displayed the highest efficacy against both bacterial and fungal strains. Further studies have been conducted to estimate the antioxidant activity of the compounds using DPPH scavenging assay. The obtained results revealed that compounds 9d, 9a, 9b, 8c, and 6 exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity. Docking studies of the most active antimicrobial compounds within GLN- 6-P, recorded good scores with several binding interactions with the active site.
Stray Light Characterization With Ultrafast Time-of-flight Imaging
Authors: Clermont Lionel , Uhring Wilfried , Georges Marc 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Understanding stray light (SL) is a crucial aspect in the development of high-end optical instruments, for instance space telescopes. As it drives image quality, SL must be controlled by design and characterized experimentally. However, conventional SL characterization methods are limited as they do not provide information on its origins. The problem is complex due to the diversity of light interaction processes with surfaces, creating various SL contributors. Therefore, when SL level is higher than expected, it can be difficult to determine how to improve the system. We demonstrate a new approach, ultrafast time-of-flight SL characterization, where a pulsed laser source and a streak camera are used to record individually SL contributors which travel with a specific optical path length. Furthermore, the optical path length offers a means of identification to determine its origin. We demonstrate this method in an imaging system, measuring and identifying individual ghosts and scattering components. We then show how it can be used to reverse-engineer the instrument SL origins.
The Photoprotective Properties of α-Tocopherol Phosphate Against Long-Wave UVA1 (385 nm) Radiation in Keratinocytes in Vitro
Authors: Saleh Mais , Lawrence Karl P , Jones Stuart. A , Young Antony 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Long-wave UVA1 radiation (375 nm – 400 nm) is often ignored when assessing sun protection due to its low sunburning potential, but it generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is poorly attenuated by sunscreens. This study aimed to investigate if α-tocopherol phosphate, (α-TP) a promising new antioxidant, could protect against long-wave UVA1 induced cell death and scavenge UVA1 induced ROS in a skin cell model. HaCaT keratinocytes cell viability (24 h) was assessed with Alamar blue® and neutral red assays. Radical scavenging efficacy of α-T and α-TP in vitro was monitored by the dichlorodihydrofluorescein (H2DCFDA) ROS detection assay over 2 h. The mechanism of α-TP ROS scavenging was determined using chemical DPPH and ORAC assays.In HaCaT keratinocytes, irradiated with 226 J/cm2 UVA1 in low-serum (2%, starved) cell culture medium, pretreatment with 80 µM α-TP significantly enhanced cell survival (88%, Alamar blue) compared to control, whereas α-T pre-treatment had no effect survival (70%, Alamar blue). Pre-treatment of cells with 100 μM α-TP or 100 μM α-T before 57 J/cm2 UVA1 also significantly reduced ROS generation over 2 h (24.1% and 23.9% respectively) compared to the control. However, α-TP displayed weak antioxidant activity in cell free assays suggesting its photoprotection was due to bioconversion to α-T by cellular phosphatases.Treatment with α-TP prevented long-wave UVA1 induced cell death and scavenged UVA1 induced ROS in skin cells when added to the starved cell culture medium before UVA1 exposure by bioconversion into α-T.
Quality of Life in Urologic Cancer Patients: Importance of and Satisfaction With Specific Quality of Life Domains
Authors: Leuteritz Katja , Richter Diana , Mehnert-Theuerkauf Anja , Stolzenburg Jens-Uwe , Hinz Andreas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PurposeQuality of life (QoL) has been the subject of increasing interest in oncology. Most examinations of QoL have focused on health-related QoL while other factors often remain unconsidered. Moreover, QoL questionnaires implicitly assume that the subjective importance of the various QoL domains is identical from one patient to the next. The aim of this study was to analyze QoL in a broader sense, considering the subjective importance of the QoL components.MethodsA sample of 173 male urologic patients was surveyed twice: once while hospitalized (t1) and once again three months later (t2). Patients completed the Questions on Life Satisfaction questionnaire (FLZ-M), which includes satisfaction and importance ratings for eight dimensions of QoL. A control group was taken from the general population (n = 477).ResultsHealth was the most important QoL dimension for both the patient and the general population groups. While satisfaction with health was low in the patient group, the satisfaction ratings of the other seven domains were higher in the patient group than in the general population. The satisfaction with the domain partnership/sexuality showed a significant decline from t1 to t2. Multiple regression analyses showed that the domains health and income contributed most strongly to the global QoL score at t2 in the patient group. ConclusionsHealth is not the only relevant category when assessing QoL in cancer patients; social relationships and finances are pertinent as well. Importance ratings contribute to a better understanding of the relevance of the QoL dimensions for the patients.
Random CNN Structure – Tool to Increase Generalization Ability in Deep Learning
Authors: Swiderski Bartosz , Osowski Stanislaw , Gwardys Grzegorz , Kurek Jaroslaw , Slowinska Monika , Lugowska Iwona 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a novel approach to designing the CNN structure of improved generalization capability in the presence of a small population of learning data. In contrast to the classical methods for building CNN, we propose to introduce some randomness in the choice of layers with a different type of nonlinear activation function. Image processing in these layers is performed using either the ReLU or the softplus function. This choice is random. The randomness introduced into the network structure can be interpreted as a special form of regularization. Experiments performed in the recognition of images belonging to either melanoma or non-melanoma cases have shown a significant improvement in the average quality measures, such as the accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and the area under the ROC curve.