bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombinant fibroblast growth factor‐18 (sprifermin) enhances microfracture‐induced cartilage healing
Authors: Hendesi Honey , Stewart Suzanne , Gibison Michelle L. , Guehring Hans , Richardson Dean W. , Dodge George R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPosttraumatic osteoarthritis is a disabling condition impacting the mostly young and active population. In the present study, we investigated the impact of intra‐articular sprifermin, a recombinant truncated fibroblast growth factor 18, on the outcome of microfracture treatment, a widely used surgical technique to enhance cartilage healing at the site of injury. For this study, we created a cartilage defect and performed microfracture treatment in fetlock joints of 18 horses, treated joints with one of three doses of sprifermin (10, 30, or 100 μg) or with saline, hyaluronan, and evaluated animals functional and structural outcomes over 24 weeks. For primary outcome measures, we performed histological evaluations and gene expression analysis of aggrecan, collagen types I and II, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in three regions of interest. As secondary outcome measures, we examined animals' lameness, performed arthroscopic, radiographic, and computed tomography (CT) scan imaging and gross morphology assessment. We detected the highest treatment benefit following 100 μg sprifermin treatment. The overall histological assessment showed an improvement in the kissing region, and the expression of constitutive genes showed a concentration‐dependent enhancement, especially in the peri‐lesion area. We detected a significant improvement in lameness scores, arthroscopic evaluations, radiography, and CT scans following sprifermin treatment when results from three dose‐treatment groups were combined. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, an enhancement on microfracture outcomes following sprifermin treatment suggesting a cartilage regenerative role and a potential benefit of sprifermin treatment in early cartilage injuries.
Limb preference impacts single‐leg forward hop limb symmetry index values following ACL reconstruction
Authors: Farmer Brooke , Anderson Dillon , Katsavelis Dimitrios , Bagwell Jennifer J. , Turman Kimberly A. , Grindstaff Terry L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFollowing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction limb dominance for performing tasks is not considered when making rehabilitation progression decisions. The purpose of this study was to determine if strength and functional outcomes differ between individuals who injured their preferred or nonpreferred jumping limb and to determine if these same outcomes differ between individuals who injured their preferred or nonpreferred limb used to kick a ball. A secondary purpose was to determine the association of quadriceps strength and single‐leg forward hop performance with patient self‐reported function. Forty individuals with ACL reconstruction (age = 20.0 ± 4.6 years, height = 174.2 ± 12.7 cm, mass = 71.2 ± 12.7 kg, time since surgery = 5.3 ± 0.8 months) were included in the study. Primary outcome measures included, International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC) scores, quadriceps limb symmetry index (LSI) values, and single‐leg forward hop LSI values. Limb preference was defined two ways, kicking a ball and performing a unilateral jump. There were no significant differences between groups based on injury to the preferred limb to kick a ball for any of the outcome variables. Individuals who injured their nonpreferred jumping limb demonstrated significantly (p = 0.05, d = 0.77) lower single‐leg forward hop LSI values (81.1% ± 19.5%) compared to individuals who injured their preferred jumping limb (94.1% ± 12.6%), but demonstrated no differences in IKDC scores or quadriceps LSI values. Quadriceps LSI and single‐leg forward hop LSI explained 73% of the variance in IKDC scores, but quadriceps LSI had the strongest association (r = 0.790). These findings suggests that limb preference influences single forward hop LSI values and should be considered following ACL reconstruction.
Development and validation of an analytical method for quantitative determination of three potentially genotoxic impurities in vildagliptin drug material using HPLC‐MS
Authors: Al‐Sabti Bashar , Harbali Jehad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA novel high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method was developed to determine the quantities of pyridine, 4‐dimethylaminopyridine, andN,N‐dimethylaniline impurities in vildagliptin drug material. These impurities are reactive bases that may be used in synthesis of vildagliptin pharmaceutical ingredients. They are considered as potentially genotoxic impurities since they contain electrophilic functional groups. Therefore, these impurities should be monitored at the allowed limits in vildagliptin. Hence a high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify the amounts of these impurities in vildagliptin. The column was KROMASIL CN (250 mm × 3.9 mm, 3.5 μm) in reversed‐phase mode. The mobile phase was a mixture of water–methanol (55:45) containing 2.5 mM ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid. The mass spectrometer was used to detect the amounts of impurities using selected ionization monitoring mode atm/z = 80, 122, and 123 for pyridine,N,N‐dimethylaniline, and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine, respectively. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min. The sensitivity of the method was excellent at levels very less than the allowed limits. The method had excellent linearity in the concentration ranges of limit of quantification–150% of the permitted level with coefficients of determination above 0.9990. The recovery ratios were in the range of 93.70–108.63%. Results showed good linearity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, robustness, and solution stability.
Botulinum toxin for chronic parotid sialadenitis: A case series and systematic review
Authors: Strohl Madeleine P. , Chang Chia‐Fan , Ryan William R. , Chang Jolie L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate salivary gland chemodenervation with botulinum toxin in chronic parotid sialadenitis.MethodsPatients who underwent parotid gland chemodenervation for chronic sialadenitis due to duct stenosis refractory to siaendoscopy were reviewed (case series). Additionally, a systematic review of the literature on botulinum toxin injection for chronic parotid sialadenitis was performed. Inclusion criteria included studies containing original data on botulinum toxin injections in patients with chronic sialadenitis symptoms.ResultsSialadenitis symptoms from 10 patients with 13 affected parotid glands were examined. All had duct stenosis diagnosed on sialendoscopy, refractory sialadenitis symptoms, and received parotid onabotulinum toxin injection(s) (median dose 65U). Of patients with 3‐month follow‐up, 78% reported significant improvement in symptoms. Mean Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) Score improved at 3 months post‐injection (47‐25.9, P = .039) with significant reduction in gland pain frequency and gland swelling severity. No patients had a facial nerve paralysis or increased xerostomia. With the systematic review, 518 abstracts were reviewed and 11 studies met inclusion criteria and included case series or case reports with a total of 40 patients treated with botulinum toxin for chronic parotitis. Thirty‐four out of a total of 35 patients in the studies (97%) reported complete (9, 26%) or partial (25, 71%) improvement in sialadenitis symptoms with minimal complications.ConclusionParotid gland chemodenervation with botulinum toxin is a minimally invasive treatment option for symptomatic chronic sialadenitis refractory to medical treatment or sialendoscopy. Botulinum toxin injections alleviate gland pain and swelling associated with salivary obstruction and provide an alternative to parotidectomy for recurrent sialadenitis.Level of evidence: 4.
Reproductive Strategy of a Continental Shelf Lane Snapper Population from the Southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Trejo-Martínez Jorge , Brulé Thierry , Morales-López Natalia , Colás-Marrufo Teresa , Sánchez-Crespo Manuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Reproductive strategy in snapper seems directly related to whether a population or a species occurs over a continental or insular habitat. Since studies on Lane Snapper Lutjanus synagris reproduction have been mostly focused on populations associated with islands, the purpose of this work was to assess the reproductive strategy of a continental shelf population. Specimens (n = 1,165) sampled in the southern Gulf of Mexico along the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula between February 2008 and April 2010 were analyzed through histological examination of gonads. A male-biased overall sex ratio was observed, with females being preponderant in larger size-classes. As expected, the Yucatan population displayed the typical continental pattern of sexual maturity and reproductive seasonality. Percentage of maximum size at first maturity was less than 41% for both females and males, and the species reproduced in shallow waters (7–26-m depth) all along the Yucatan coast, mainly between March and July, with spawning peaks observed in May and July. Lane Snapper exhibit asynchronous oocyte recruitment and batch spawning. Results of this study were compared with reproductive data available from both island and continental Lane Snapper populations. It was observed that Lane Snapper populations do not always conform to the pattern of reproductive seasonality and/or size at sexual maturity with regard to habitat type. This study contributes new information concerning the Lane Snapper’s reproductive strategy with regard to habitat type and depth and offers valuable information for the establishment of management strategies designed for Lane Snapper from the southern Gulf of Mexico.
Combined 23Na and 13C imaging at 3.0 Tesla using a single‐tuned large FOV birdcage coil
Authors: Kaggie Joshua D. , Lanz Titus , McLean Mary A. , Riemer Frank , Schulte Rolf F. , Benjamin Arnold J. V. , Kessler Dimitri A. , Sun Chang , Gilbert Fiona J. , Graves Martin J. , Gallagher Ferdia A. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeAn unmet need in carbon‐13 (13C)‐MRI is a transmit system that provides uniform excitation across a large FOV and can accommodate patients of wide‐ranging body habitus. Due to the small difference between the resonant frequencies, sodium‐23 (23Na) coil developments can inform 13C coil design while being simpler to assess due to the higher naturally abundant 23Na signal. Here we present a removable 23Na birdcage, which also allows operation as a 13C abdominal coil.MethodsWe demonstrate a quadrature‐driven 4‐rung 23Na birdcage coil of 50 cm in length for both 23Na and 13C abdominal imaging. The coil transmit efficiencies and maps were compared to a linearly driven 13C Helmholtz‐based (clamshell) coil. SNR was investigated with 23Na and 13C data using an 8‐channel 13C receive array within the 23Na birdcage.ResultsThe 23Na birdcage longitudinal FOV was > 40 cm, whereas the 13C clamshell was < 32 cm. The transmit efficiency of the birdcage at the 23Na frequency was 0.65 µT/sqrt(W), similar to the clamshell for 13C. However, the coefficient of variation of 23Na‐ was 16%, nearly half that with the 13C clamshell. The 8‐channel 13C receive array combined with the 23Na birdcage coil generated a greater than twofold increase in 23Na‐SNR from the central abdomen compared with the birdcage alone.DiscussionThis 23Na birdcage coil has a larger FOV and improved uniformity when compared to the widely used clamshell coil design while also providing similar transmit efficiency. The coil has the potential to be used for both 23Na and 13C imaging.
Magnetic resonance angiography and perfusion mapping by arterial spin labeling using Fourier transform–based velocity‐selective pulse trains: Examination on a commercial perfusion phantom
Authors: Xu Feng , Zhu Dan , Fan Hongli , Lu Hanzhang , Liu Dapeng , Li Wenbo , Qin Qin 
Published: May 2021

PurposeBenchmarking of flow and perfusion MR techniques on standardized phantoms can facilitate the use of advanced angiography and perfusion‐mapping techniques across multiple sites, field strength, and vendors. Here, MRA and perfusion mapping by arterial spin labeling (ASL) using Fourier transform (FT)–based velocity‐selective saturation and inversion pulse trains were evaluated on a commercial perfusion phantom.MethodsThe FT velocity‐selective saturation–based MRA and FT velocity‐selective inversion–based ASL perfusion imaging were compared with time‐of‐flight and pseudo‐continuous ASL at 3 T on the perfusion phantom at two controlled flow rates, 175 mL/min and 350 mL/min. Velocity‐selective MRA (VSMRA) and velocity‐selective ASL (VSASL) were each performed with three velocity‐encoding directions: foot–head, left–right, and oblique 45°. The contrast‐to‐noise ratio for MRA scans and perfusion‐weighted signal, as well as labeling efficiency for ASL methods, were quantified.ResultsOn this phantom with feeding tubes having only vertical and transverse flow directions, VSMRA and VSASL exhibited the dependence of velocity‐encoding directions. The foot–head‐encoded VSMRA and VSASL generated similar signal contrasts as time of flight and pseudo‐continuous ASL for the two flow rates, respectively. The oblique 45°–encoded VSMRA yielded more uniform contrast‐to‐noise ratio across slices than foot–head and left–right‐encoded VSMRA scans. The oblique 45°–encoded VSASL elevated labeling efficiency from 0.22‐0.68 to 0.82‐0.90 through more uniform labeling of the entire feeding tubes.ConclusionBoth FT velocity‐selective saturation–based VSMRA and FT velocity‐selective inversion–based VSASL were characterized on a commercial perfusion phantom. Careful selection of velocity‐encoding directions along the major vessels is recommended for their applications in various organs.
Robust RF shimming and small‐tip‐angle multispoke pulse design with finite‐difference regularization
Authors: Paez Adrian , Gu Chunming , Cao Zhipeng 
Published: May 2021

PurposeA new regularizer is proposed for the magnitude least‐squares optimization algorithm, to ensure robust parallel transmit RF shimming and small‐tip‐angle multispoke pulse designs for ultrahigh‐field MRI.MethodsA finite‐difference regularization term is activated as an additional regularizer in the iterative magnitude‐least‐squares based pulse design algorithm when an unwanted flip angle null distribution is detected. Both simulated and experimental maps from different transmit arrays and different human subjects at 7 T were used to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The algorithm was further demonstrated in experiment with dynamic multislice RF shimming for a single‐shot gradient‐echo EPI for human functional MRI at 7 T.ResultsThe proposed finite‐difference regularizer effectively prevented excitation null to be formed for RF shimming and small‐tip‐angle multispoke pulses, and improved the latter with a monotonic trade‐off relationship between flip angle error and RF power. The proposed algorithm was demonstrated to be effective with several head‐array geometries by simulation and with a commercial head array with 12 healthy human subjects by experiment. During a functional MRI scan at 7 T with dynamic RF shimming, the proposed algorithm ensured high image SNR throughout the human brain, compared with near‐complete local signal loss by the conventional magnitude‐least‐squares algorithm.ConclusionUsing finite‐difference regularization to avoid unwanted solutions, the robustness of RF shimming and small‐tip‐angle multispoke pulse design algorithms are improved, with better flip angle homogeneity and a monotonic trade‐off relationship between flip angle error and RF power.
Management of recent onset tendon‐related pain in a primary contact setting: A survey of practice
Authors: Mitham Kieran , Mallows Adrian , Yeowell Gillian , Littlewood Chris 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundTendon‐related pain is a common and debilitating condition that affects a wide range of people. To inform future research, it is important to understand healthcare professional's current practice.ObjectivesTo describe the practice of First Contact Practitioners (FCPs) and Other Clinicians (OCs) for recent onset tendon pain in a primary contact setting. The secondary aim was to understand if practice differed between the locations of pain.DesignCross‐sectional online surveyMethodThe online survey asked for responses relating to one scenario of shoulder pain and one of Achilles pain. Except location of pain, the scenarios were identical. Responses were collected over a four‐week period to December 2020. The Chi‐Square test was used to analyse the difference in proportion of responses between FCPs and OCs, and between locations of pain.Results118 responses were received. Rotator Cuff Related Shoulder Pain (RCRSP) was preferred by 64/118 (54.2%) for the shoulder scenario. Achilles tendinopathy was the preferred term by 86/103 (83.5%) for the Achilles. FCPs were more likely to advise NSAIDs for both shoulder (p = 0.006) and Achilles (p = 0.046) scenarios than OCs. Amended duties were more likely to be advised for manual workers for the shoulder scenario compared to Achilles (p = <0.0001).ConclusionThere were similarities in the management of recent onset tendon‐related pain; the majority of respondents recommended against further investigations, steroid injections, and recommended exercise. Understanding whether these approaches are clinically effective requires further investigation.
The relationships between paediatric nurses' social support, job satisfaction and patient adverse events
Authors: Khatatbeh Haitham , Al‐Dwaikat Tariq , Oláh András , Onchonga David , Hammoud Sahar , Amer Faten , Prémusz Viktória , Pakai Annamária 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore the relationships of family, co‐worker and manager support with paediatric nurses' satisfaction and their perception of adverse events. Furthermore, this study aimed to assess the job satisfaction, social support and the perceived patient adverse events.DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional correlational design.MethodsA convenient sample of 225 paediatric nurses was selected from nine hospitals in Jordan. Both the Pearson correlations and multiple regression tests were used in the analysis. The study was prepared and is reported according to the STROBE checklist.ResultsSignificant and positive correlations were found between paediatric nurses' job satisfaction and the social support they receive. Significant negative correlations were also found between adverse events and both family and manager support. The multiple regression results showed that manager support is a significant negative predictor of both pressure ulcers and patient falls, and family support significantly predicted paediatric nurses' job satisfaction.
Linear Multiselenium Interactions in Dicationic Oligomers of 1,5‐(Diselena)canes: Behavior of Semc σ(mcc‐nee) (6≤mc≤16) Elucidated with QTAIM Dual Functional Analysis
Authors: Hayashi Satoko , Nishide Taro , Nagata Kengo , Nakanishi Waro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe intrinsic dynamic and static nature mc center‐ne electron interactions of the σ‐type σ(mcc‐nee) were elucidated for the Se‐Se interactions in dicationic oligomers of Se(CH2CH2CH2)2Se (1 (Se, Se)) [n2+ (Se, Se): n=1–8], especially for mc≥6, where n2+ (Se, Se: n=1–8) are abbreviated by n2+ (n=1–8), respectively. QTAIM dual functional analysis (QTAIM‐DFA) was applied to the interactions. Perturbed structures generated using coordinates derived from the compliance constants (Cii) were employed for QTAIM‐DFA. Each Se‐*‐Se in 12+ and 22+ has the nature of CT‐TBP (trigonal bipyramidal adduct formation through CT) and Cov‐w (weak covalent), respectively, which supply the starting points of the investigations. The asterisk emphasizes the existence of a bond critical point on the interaction. All Se‐*‐Se in 32+ are classified by the regular closed shell (r‐CS) interactions and characterized as CT‐MC (molecular complex formation through CT), which are denoted as r‐CS/CT‐MC, except for the central interaction, of which nature is r‐CS/CT‐TBP. Most interactions in 42+–82+ are r‐CS/t‐HBwc (typical‐HB with covalency) but some are pure‐CS/t‐HBnc (t‐HB with no covalency). The linear Se2n2+ interactions in 22+–82+ seem close to those without any limitations, since the nature of Se‐*‐Se inside and outside of (CH2CH2CH2)2 are very similar with each other. The linear Se2n2+ interactions in 32+–82+ are shown to be analyzed as σ(mcc‐nee: 6≤mc≤16), not by the accumulated σ(3c–4e).
Prostate cancer patient‐derived organoids: detailed outcome from a prospective cohort of 81 clinical specimens
Authors: Servant Raphaëlle , Garioni Michele , Vlajnic Tatjana , Blind Melanie , Pueschel Heike , Müller David C , Zellweger Tobias , Templeton Arnoud J , Garofoli Andrea , Maletti Sina , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Rubin Mark A , Seifert Helge , Rentsch Cyrill A , Bubendorf Lukas , Le Magnen Clémentine 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPatient‐derived organoids (PDOs) represent promising preclinical models in various tumor types. In the context of prostate cancer (PCa), however, their establishment has been hampered by poor success rates, which impedes their broad use for translational research applications. Along with the necessity to improve culture conditions, there is a need to identify factors influencing outcomes and to determine how to assess success versus failure in organoid generation. In the present study, we report our unbiased efforts to generate PDOs from a cohort of 81 PCa specimens with diverse pathological and clinical features. We comprehensively analyzed histological features of each enrolled sample (Gleason score, tumor content, proliferation index) and correlated them with organoid growth patterns. We identified improved culture conditions favoring the generation of PCa organoids, yet no specific intrinsic tumor feature was broadly associated with sustained organoid growth. In addition, we performed phenotypic and molecular characterization of tumor–organoid pairs using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and targeted sequencing. Morphological and immunohistochemical profiles of whole organoids altogether provided a fast readout to identify the most promising ones. Notably, primary samples were associated with an initial take‐rate of 83% (n = 60/72) in culture, with maintenance of cancer cells displaying common PCa alterations, such as PTEN loss and ERG overexpression. These cancer organoids were, however, progressively overgrown by organoids with a benign‐like phenotype. Finally, out of nine metastasis samples, we generated a novel organoid model derived from a hormone‐naïve lung metastasis, which displays alterations in the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β‐catenin pathways and responds to androgen deprivation. Taken together, our comprehensive study explores determinants of outcome and highlights the opportunities and challenges associated with the establishment of stable tumor organoid lines derived from PCa patients. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.