bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hearing the unheard voice‐puberty experiences of young Pakistani men: A qualitative study
Authors: Shivji Noureen A. , Lymn Joanne S. , Meade Oonagh , Watts Kim 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionPuberty experiences of male adolescents can have significant impacts on physical and psychological health outcomes. This qualitative study explored the puberty experiences of young males in Pakistan, as there are limited accounts of what shapes these puberty experiences, especially for adolescent males living in a restrictive culture.MethodsTwenty‐two young Pakistani men (aged 18–21 years) from two urban sites in Karachi participated in individual face‐to‐face (n=19) and Skype (n=3) interviews. Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted using an inductive approach to identity and examine the patterns emerging from the data.ResultsParticipants described puberty as a challenging phase for which they were unprepared with a combination of various socio‐cultural factors exposing them to negative impacts. As a result, young men expressed feelings of anxiety, embarrassment and isolation. Societal and gender norms around masculinity, sexuality and the roles and responsibilities of young men had a significant impact on how participants experienced puberty. While negative reactions towards puberty were dominant, participants described adopting coping strategies (e.g. social support) to help them deal with negative experiences.ConclusionsFindings highlight the significance of culturally appropriate puberty education and various facilitating factors that may improve the puberty experiences for future young men. While extending current literature, this study also identifies key factors that could inform the development of health promotion programmes, which may aid adolescent males’ puberty transition and positively influence their long‐term health, well‐being and identity.
Disclosing a Diagnosis in the Workplace: Perspective of People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Gill Laura , Hynes Sinéad M. 
Published: February 2021

Background:Early withdrawal from the workforce is associated with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), with employment retention rates also lower than in the general population. Despite legal requirements, equality in the workplace for people with MS has not been achieved. Disclosure of multiple sclerosis at work is essential for the implementation of accommodations enabling employment retention.Method:An interpretive descriptive study explored participants’ decision to disclose or not disclose their diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and the implications this had on work participation and working relationships. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data from 6 participants.Results:Three themes were identified, using a reflective approach to analysis, from the data: (a) Accommodations; (b) Workplace Relationships; and (c) Balancing Work and Home Life. Participants had mixed experiences of disclosing their diagnosis. Findings supported the implementation of workplace accommodations including physical, cognitive, and structural supports. Concealment of MS was associated with fear of workplace stigmatisation.Conclusion:Disclosure is multidimensional and subjective. It is based on personal, systematic, and social factors. This study was limited by the small number of participants and not including stakeholders in the creation of the topic guide. The results are important for those involved in supporting people with multiple sclerosis to remain in the workplace.
No differences in muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of wheat protein, milk protein, and their protein blend in healthy, young males
Authors: Pinckaers Philippe J.M. , Kouw Imre W.K. , Hendriks Floris K. , van Kranenburg Janneau M.X. , de Groot Lisette C.P.G.M. , Verdijk Lex. B. , Snijders Tim , van Loon Luc J.C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPlant-derived proteins have been suggested to have less anabolic properties when compared with animal-derived proteins. Whether blends of plant- and animal-derived proteins can compensate for their lesser anabolic potential has not been assessed. The present study compares post-prandial muscle protein synthesis rates following the ingestion of milk protein with wheat protein or a blend of wheat plus milk protein in healthy, young males. In a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group design, 36 males (23 (sd 3) years) received a primed continuous L-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine infusion after which they ingested 30 g milk protein (MILK), 30 g wheat protein (WHEAT) or a 30 g blend combining 15 g wheat plus 15 g milk protein (WHEAT+MILK). Blood and muscle biopsies were collected frequently for 5 h to assess post-prandial plasma amino acid profiles and subsequent myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Ingestion of protein increased myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in all treatments (P < 0·001). Post-prandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates did not differ between MILK v. WHEAT (0·053 (sd 0·013) v. 0·056 (sd 0·012) %·h−1, respectively; t test P = 0·56) or between MILK v. WHEAT+MILK (0·053 (sd 0·013) v. 0·059 (sd 0·025) %·h−1, respectively; t test P = 0·46). In conclusion, ingestion of 30 g milk protein, 30 g wheat protein or a blend of 15 g wheat plus 15 g milk protein increases muscle protein synthesis rates in young males. Furthermore, muscle protein synthesis rates following the ingestion of 30 g milk protein do not differ from rates observed after ingesting 30 g wheat protein or a blend with 15 g milk plus 15 g wheat protein in healthy, young males.
RESTORING THE IMAGE OF FRANCE IN BRITAIN, 1944–1947
Authors: FAUCHER CHARLOTTE 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAt the end of the Second World War, British society's hostility and resentment towards France's military defeat and the French state's collaboration with Germany were strong. In order to deflate this enmity and thus prepare the ground to forge western European co-operation, the French and British governments co-operated and developed gendered public and media strategies within which citizens, and, in particular, former female resistance fighters, were central to the dissemination of positive images of France. This article takes seriously these strategies and adds nuance to understandings of modern foreign policy in terms of methods and actors. The article elaborates on neglected agents of diplomacy, such as female members of civil society, and the significance of rhetoric, gendered performance, and appearances that contributed to the restoration of the image of France in Britain. By doing so, the article also sheds light on the efforts of French and British authorities to construct a narrative of binational unity that disrupted the tenacious idea that Britain had fought alone during the war.
Feeding habits shape infection levels by plerocercoids of the tapeworm Triaenophorus crassus in muscle of a sympatric pair of whitefish in an oligotrophic lake
Authors: Kashinskaya E.N. , Vlasenko P.G. , Bochkarev N.A. , Andree K.B. , Solovyev M.M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lake Teletskoye (West Siberia, Russia) is inhabited by a sympatric pair of whitefish, with each member of the pair being characterized by different feeding habits. Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Gmelin, 1789) is a large ‘benthivorous’ form, while C. l. pravdinellus (Dulkeit, 1949) is a small ‘planktivorous’ form. Fish were collected from the end of August to the middle of September in 2017 and 2019–2020 in the north part of Lake Teletskoye. For the ‘benthivorous’ form the prevalence, intensity and abundance of T. crassus ranged from 22.4% to 51.9%, 1.9–2.8 and 0.4–1.3, respectively, whereas the same indices for the ‘planktivorous’ form ranged from 94.7% to 97.5%, 4.2–4.8 and 4.0–4.7, respectively. The level of prevalence of infection and abundance of T. crassus in muscle was relatively stable among studied years for both forms. The level of prevalence was higher in the years 2019 and 2020 than in 2017 for the ‘benthivorous’ form, whereas for the ‘planktivorous’ form this index did not change during the studied years. For the first time, a partial sequencing of the cox1 gene (593 bp) for T. crassus was sequenced. All 15 plerocercoids of T. crassus were represented by four haplotypes.
Grounded procedures of separation in clinical psychology: what's to be expected?
Authors: Haberkamp Anke , Schmidt Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The hypothesis of grounded procedures of separation predicts accentuated effects in individuals with psychiatric disorders, for example, obsessive-compulsive disorders with washing compulsion. This could provide a vantage point for understanding cognitive processes related to specific disorders. However, fully exploring it requires updated experimental designs, including extensive control conditions, exclusion of alternative explanations, internal replications, and parametric variation to strengthen internal validity.
Proper understanding of grounded procedures of separation needs a dual inheritance approach
Authors: Schubert Thomas W. , Grüning David J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Grounded procedures of separation are conceptualized as a learned concept. The simultaneous cultural universality of the general idea and immense diversity of its implementations might be better understood through the lens of dual inheritance theories. By drawing on examples from developmental psychology and emotion theorizing, we argue that an innate blueprint might underlie learned implementations of cleansing that vary widely.
The lack of robust evidence for cleansing effects
Authors: Ropovik Ivan , Sparacio Alessandro , IJzerman Hans 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe pattern of data underlying the successful replications of cleansing effects is improbable and most consistent with selective reporting. Moreover, the meta-analytic approach presented by Lee and Schwarz is likely to find an effect even if none existed. Absent more robust evidence, there is no need to develop a theoretical account of grounded procedures.
It's a matter of (executive) load: Separation as a load-dependent resetting procedure
Authors: Ponsi Giorgia , Era Vanessa , Fini Chiara , Falcinelli Ilenia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lee and Schwarz made considerable theoretical advances in the psychology of cleansing by proposing that cleaning actions might serve as separation procedures between two psychological entities. Here, we propose that the effectiveness of the separation process may be modulated by the available amount of executive resources, and that separation may operate as a load-dependent resetting procedure.
Developmental antecedents of cleansing effects: Evidence against domain-generality
Authors: Gerdin Emily , Venkatesh Shruthi , Rottman Joshua , DeJesus Jasmine M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lee and Schwarz propose grounded procedures of separation as a domain-general mechanism underlying cleansing effects. One strong test of domain generality is to investigate the ontogenetic origins of a process. Here, we argue that the developmental evidence provides weak support for a domain-general grounded procedures account. Instead, it is likely that distinct separation procedures develop uniquely for different content domains.
Considerations of the proximate mechanisms and ultimate functions of disgust will improve our understanding of cleansing effects
Authors: Tybur Joshua M. , Lieberman Debra 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo understand the consequences of cleansing, Lee and Schwarz favor a grounded procedures perspective over recently developed disgust theory. We believe that this position stems from three errors: (1) interpreting cleansing effects as broader than they are; (2) not detailing the proximate mechanisms underlying disgust; and (3) not detailing adaptive function versus system byproducts when developing the grounded procedures perspective.
Cleansing and separation procedures reflect resource concerns
Authors: Schnall Simone , Henderson Robert K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We propose that procedures of separation have two functions, namely first, to establish the integrity of individual parts, and second, to make previously joint entities discreet and therefore countable. This allows taking stock of available resources, including evaluating the use of individual objects, a process that is especially adaptive under conditions of threat of contagious disease and resource scarcity.
Speech production factors and verbal working memory in children and adults with developmental language disorder
Authors: Poll Gerard H. , Miller Carol A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVerbal working memory (VWM) deficits are common in individuals with developmental language disorder (DLD) but are not well understood. This study evaluated how both memory and language production factors influence VWM performance in children and adults with DLD, focusing on the influence of serial position, phonological activation (PA), and lexical frequency. Participants were 30 children with DLD and 26 with typical language, and 21 adults with DLD and 23 with typical language. The participants completed a listening span task in which they were asked to recall the final words of sentences in sets of increasing size. Responses (dependent variable) were coded as correct, incorrect, or no response. Final words were coded for frequency, serial position within the set, and PA (number of occurrences of the initial phoneme, vowel, and whole word in the task). These variables, along with age and language status, were entered as predictors in mixed-effects multinomial regression models. Extreme serial position, greater PA, and higher frequency reduced incorrect and no responses. These effects were attenuated for the DLD group, and the effect of greater PA varied with set size. The findings suggest that for individuals with DLD, VWM performance is affected by more limited effective language experience and by the dynamic task demands.
Prolonged interval time between blastocyst biopsy and vitrification compromised the outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: Xiong Shun , Liu Jun Xia , Liu Dong Yun , Zhu Jia Hong , Hao Xiang Wei , Wu Li Hong , Gao Yang , Li Jing Yu , Huang Guo Ning 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThis study aimed to evaluate to what extent the different interval times between trophectoderm (TE) biopsy and vitrification influence the clinical outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles. Patients who underwent frozen embryo transfer (FET) after PGT between 2015 and 2019 were recruited. In total, 297 cycles with single day 5 euploid blastocyst transfer were included. These cycles were divided into three groups according to the interval times: <1 h group, 1–2 h group, and ≥2 h group. Blastocyst survival, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and ongoing pregnancy rates were compared. The results showed that, in PGT-SR cycles, survival rate in the ≥2 h group (96.72%) was significantly lower than in the <1 h group (100%, P = 0.047). The clinical pregnancy rate in the ≥2 h group was 55.93%, significantly lower than in the <1 h group (74.26%, P = 0.017). The ongoing pregnancy rates in the 1–2 h group and the ≥2 h group were 48.28% and 47.46%, respectively, significantly lower than that in the <1 h group (67.33%, P < 0.05). The miscarriage rate in the 1–2 h group was 18.42%, significantly higher than that in the <1 h group (5.33%, P = 0.027). In PGT-A cycles, the clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates in the <1 h group were 67.44% and 53.49%, respectively, higher than that in the 1–2 h group (52.94%, 47.06%, P > 0.05) and the ≥2 h group (52.63%, 36.84%, P > 0.05). In conclusion, vitrification of blastocysts beyond 1 h after biopsy significantly influences embryo survival and clinical outcomes and is therefore not recommended.
High prevalence of ascending aortic dilation in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta
Authors: Rinnström Daniel , Dellborg Mikael , Thilén Ulf , Sörensson Peder , Nielsen Niels-Erik , Christersson Christina , Johansson Bengt 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground:Ascending aortic dilation is a feared complication in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta, as the condition is associated with life-threatening complications such as aortic dissection and rupture. However, the data are currently limited regarding factors associated with ascending aortic dilation in these patients.Methods and results:From the national register of congenital heart disease, 165 adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with repaired coarctation of the aorta, and echocardiographic data on aortic dimensions, were identified (61.2% male, mean age 35.8 ± 14.5 years). Aortic dilation (aortic diameters > 2 SD above reference mean) was found in 55 (33.3%) of the 165 included patients, and was associated with manifest aortic valve disease in univariable logistic regression analysis (OR 2.44, 95% CI [1.23, 4.83]).Conclusions:Aortic dilation is common post-repair of coarctation of the aorta, and is associated with manifest aortic valve disease and thus indirectly with the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve. However, no association was found between aortic dilation and age or blood pressure.
Prevalence of specialised palliative care consultation for eligible children within a paediatric cardiac ICU
Authors: Delgado-Corcoran Claudia , Bennett Erin E. , Bodily Stephanie A. , Wawrzynski Sarah E. , Green Danielle , Moore Dominic , Cook Lawrence J. , Olson Lenora M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjective:Retrospectively apply criteria from Center to Advance Palliative Care to a cohort of children treated in a cardiac ICU and compare children who received a palliative care consultation to those who were eligible for but did not receive one.Methods:Medical records of children admitted to a cardiac ICU between January 2014 and June 2017 were reviewed. Selected criteria include cardiac ICU length of stay >14 days and/or ≥ 3 hospitalisations within a 6-month period.Measurements and Results:A consultation occurred in 17% (n = 48) of 288 eligible children. Children who received a consult had longer cardiac ICU (27 days versus 17 days; p < 0.001) and hospital (91 days versus 35 days; p < 0.001) lengths of stay, more complex chronic conditions at the end of first hospitalisation (3 versus1; p < 0.001) and the end of the study (4 vs.2; p < 0.001), and higher mortality (42% versus 7%; p < 0.001) when compared with the non-consulted group. Of the 142 pre-natally diagnosed children, only one received a pre-natal consult and 23 received it post-natally. Children who received a consultation (n = 48) were almost 2 months of age at the time of the consult.Conclusions:Less than a quarter of eligible children received a consultation. The consultation usually occurred in the context of medical complexity, high risk of mortality, and at an older age, suggesting potential opportunities for more and earlier paediatric palliative care involvement in the cardiac ICU. Screening criteria to identify patients for a consultation may increase the use of palliative care services in the cardiac ICU.
Capital structure choices, pension fund allocation decisions and the rational pricing of liability streams
Authors: Martellini Lionel , Milhau Vincent 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces an integrated asset-liability management model that allows for the joint quantitative analysis of capital structure choices, pension fund allocation decisions and rational pricing of liabilities. We confirm that capital structure decisions have a substantial impact on the value of pension claims, and we provide a quantitative assessment of the mispricing induced by the use of an arbitrary regulatory discount rate. We also present a quantitative assessment of the asset substitution effect implied by a change in the pension fund allocation to risky assets taking place after the corporate and pension obligation claims have been issued.
Mandatory reporting legislation in Canada: improving systems for patient safety?
Authors: Milligan C. , Allin S. , Farr M. , Farmanova E. , Peckham A. , Byrd J. , Misfeldt R. , Baker G. R. , Marchildon G. P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPatient safety is a complex systems issue. In this study, we used a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature and a case study of provincial and territorial legislation in Canada to explore the influence of mandatory reporting legislation on patient safety outcomes in hospital settings. We drew from a conceptual model that examines the components of mandatory reporting legislation that must be in place as a part of a systems governance approach to patient safety and used this model to frame our results. Our results suggest that mandatory reporting legislation across Canada is generally designed to gather information about – rather than respond to and prevent – patient safety incidents. Overall, we found limited evidence of impact of mandatory reporting legislation on patient safety outcomes. Although legislation is one lever among many to improve patient safety outcomes, there are nonetheless several considerations for patient safety legislation to assist in broader system improvement efforts in Canada and elsewhere. Legislative frameworks may be enhanced by strengthening learning systems, accountability mechanisms and patient safety culture.
Superthermal Proton and Electron Fluxes in the Plasma Sheet Transition Region and Their Dependence on Solar Wind Parameters
Authors: Stepanov N. A. , Sergeev V. A. , Sormakov D. A. , Andreeva V. A. , Dubyagin S. V. , Ganushkina N. , Angelopoulos V. , Runov A. V. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo study further the factors and mechanisms controlling 10–150 keV particle fluxes in the inner magnetosphere, we investigate empirically their behavior in the nightside transition region (6–14 Re) depending on solar wind parameters taken at different time lags. We aim to establish the hierarchy of predictors (V, N, Pd, Ekl = VByz sin2(θ/2), etc.) and the optimal range of their time delays, both depending on the distance and local time. We use THEMIS 5‐min averaged observations of energetic proton and electron fluxes in 2007–2018 near the plasma sheet midplane and build regression models exploring the combination of predictors, taken at time delays up to 24 h. The model obtained shows that protons and electrons are controlled differently by solar wind parameters: electrons are influenced equally by Vsw and Ekl, whereas protons are controlled mostly by Vsw and Pd and less by Ekl. We found that a wide range of time delays is involved depending on distance and particle energy. Specifically, the Ekl affects the energetic fluxes with time delays up to 24 h (or more), exhibiting the long delays in the innermost regions. As regards the mechanism of Vsw influence, the Vsw‐related flux changes are large and, to a large extent, established on the route of the energy flow from solar wind to the plasma sheet and, eventually, the inner magnetosphere. We also identified a new parameter, NBL = VByz cos2(θ/2), which helps to reveal the loss processes in the plasma sheet transition region.