bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccination intention among healthcare workers in Vietnam
Authors: Huynh Giao , Tran Thien Thuan , Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Pham Le An 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
To assess the acceptance of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine among healthcare workers at two general hospitals in Vietnam when it is available.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling from January to February 2021 among 410 healthcare workers at two general hospitals in Vietnam via a self-administered questionnaire. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of vaccine acceptance including the demographic factors, COVID-19 knowledge, and vaccine beliefs based on the domains of Health Belief Model.

Results:
Among 410 healthcare workers, 76.10% showed vaccination willingness. Predictors of acceptance were determined that the group reporting as “vaccine acceptance” was more likely to be positive towards the perceived susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 (OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.48-4.06, P<0.05), perceived benefits of vaccination, and cues to action (OR 4.36; 95% CI 2.35-8.09, and OR 5.49; 95% CI 2.84-10.61, respectively, all P<0.001), but less likely to have the perceived barriers to vaccination (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.09-0.38; P<0.001) compared with the no acceptance group. Besides, people who had a good knowledge regarding the severity of illness were 3.37 times more likely to have identified as vaccine acceptance (OR 3.37; 95% CI 1.04-10.86, P<0.05). The demographic factors were also associated with willingness to receive the vaccine, with participants who were staff and received COVID-19 information from relatives were less likely to accept the vaccine over those who were doctors and not receiving information from relatives (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.13-0.96, and OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17-0.78, respectively, all P<0.05).

Conclusions:
A rate of willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 was relatively high with discrepancies between occupation, receiving information from relatives, knowledge toward the severity of illness, and the elements of Health Belief Model. The findings will provide information for the management authorities to develop relevant interventions to promote COVID-19 vaccination uptake.
Severe dengue associated with aseptic meningitis, acute kidney injury, and sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Diniz Renan GM , dos Santos Elaine C , Chagas Gabriel CL , Daher Elizabeth F 
Published: April 2021

Rationale:
Dengue is the most important human arboviral disease. Neurological manifestations occur rarely in dengue. To the best of our knowledge, there is only one reported case of dengue-associated sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in Brazil untill now.

Patient concerns:
A 42-year-old man was presented to the emergency department with unconsciousness and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Diagnosis:
Dengue-associated aseptic meningitis, acute kidney injury, and SSNHL.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with anticonvulsants and thiamine and underwent mechanical ventilation. He received combined ceftriaxone and acyclovir, which were later switched to meropenem, acyclovir and ampicillin empirically until culture results became available. He also required hemodialysis and plasmapheresis sessions and fresh frozen plasma and buffy coat transfusions until definitive diagnosis.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged after improvement of his general condition and of his blood test results, but hearing loss remained. A six-month follow-up visit showed persistent deafness.

Lessons:
Dengue should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients from dengue-endemic areas presenting an acute febrile disease with neurological manifestations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported case of dengue-associated SSNHL, suggesting an association between dengue and development of SSNHL.
Protective effects of rice bran hydrolysates on heart rate variability, cardiac oxidative stress, and cardiac remodeling in high fat and high fructose diet-fed rats
Authors: Senaphan Ketmanee , Kukongviriyapan Upa , Suwannachot Pisit , Thiratanaboon Geerasak , Sangartit Weerapon , Thawornchinsombut Supawan , Jongjareonrak Akkasit 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
To examine the ameliorative effect of rice bran hydrolysates (RBH) on metabolic disorders, cardiac oxidative stress, heart rate variability (HRV), and cardiac structural changes in high fat and high fructose (HFHF)-fed rats.

Methods:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were daily fed either standard chow diet with tap water or an HFHF diet with 10% fructose in drinking water over 16 weeks. RBH (500 and 1 000 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to the HFHF-diet-fed rats during the last 6 weeks of the study period. At the end of the treatment, metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, HRV, and cardiac structural changes were examined.

Results:
RBH administration significantly ameliorated metabolic disorders by improving lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, and hemodynamic parameters. Moreover, RBH restored HRV, as evidenced by decreasing the ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power of HRV, a marker of autonomic imbalance. Cardiac oxidative stress was also mitigated after RBH supplementation by decreasing cardiac malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl, upregulating eNOS expression, and increasing catalase activity in the heart. Furthermore, RBH mitigated cardiac structural changes by reducing cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in HFHF-diet-fed rats.

Conclusions:
The present findings suggest that consumption of RBH may exert cardioprotective effects against autonomic imbalances, cardiac oxidative stress, and structural changes in metabolic syndrome.
Aloin attenuates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress
Authors: Kale Aarti S. , Wadkar Avinash R. , Mahajan Umesh B. , Birari Lalit A. , Belemkar Sateesh , Goyal Sameer N. , Ojha Shreesh , Surana Sanjay J. , Patil Chandragouda R. , Patil Kalpesh R. 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
To investigate the effect of aloin against chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats.

Methods:
Rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: Group I (normal control), Group II (sham-operated), Group III (CCI control) and Group IV, V, VI, and VII, which underwent CCI surgery and then were administered with aloin (5 mg/kg, p.o.; 25 mg/kg, p.o.; 125 mg/kg, p.o.) and gabapentin (50 mg/kg, p.o.), respectively for 14 days. Peripheral neuropathy was induced by silk ligatures (4-0) loosely placed around the sciatic nerve. Nociceptive thresholds against mechanical stimuli (Von-Frey filaments) and thermal stimuli (12 °C and 40 °C) were measured at mid-plantar paw region ipsilateral to the compressed nerve on day-3, 7, 11, and 14. The concentration of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β was estimated at day-7. At day 14, motor nerve conduction velocity was determined under urethane anesthesia (1.25 g/kg). Oxidative stress parameters (malondiadehyde, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) were estimated in sciatic nerve homogenates at day 14. Representative nerve samples were processed for histological investigations.

Results:
Aloin significantly reduced CCI-induced mechanical and thermal allodynia. It also improved motor nerve conduction velocity and decreased oxidative stress in nerve tissues. In addition, it decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and restored the histoarchitecture of compressed sciatic nerve.

Conclusions:
Aloin mitigates CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the afflicted sciatic nerve.
Honokiol attenuates oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes via activating AMPK signaling
Authors: Choi Yung Hyun 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
To investigate the effect of honokiol on oxidative damage in HaCaT human keratinocytes.

Methods:
HaCaT cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), following pretreatment with various concentrations of honokiol. The alleviating effects of honokiol on HaCaT cell viability and cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, mitochondrial dynamics, and inhibition of adenosine triphoaphate production against H2O2 were investigated. Western blotting analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of specific proteins.

Results:
Honokiol suppressed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by blocking abnormal ROS accumulation. Honokiol also prevented apoptosis by inhibiting loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol, decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and reducing the activity of caspase-3 in H2O2-stimulated HaCaT cells. In addition, honokiol attenuated H2O2-induced reduction of adenosine triphosphate content, and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was markedly promoted by honokiol in H2O2-stimulated cells. Importantly, the anti-apoptosis and anti-proliferative activity of honokiol against H2O2 was further enhanced by adding an activator of AMPK, indicating that honokiol activated AMPK in HaCaT keratinocytes to protect against oxidative damage.

Conclusions:
The present results indicate that honokiol may be useful as a potential therapeutic agent against various oxidative stress-related skin diseases.
Case Report: Atypical Presentation of Visceral Leishmaniasis: Two Cases from Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Rezika , Fikre Helina , Mekonnen Tigist , Abebe Bewketu , Yeshanew Arega , Diro Ermias , van Griensven Johan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Leishmania donovani complex. Atypical cases of leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection have been documented in case reports, mostly associated with gastrointestinal tract, kidney, and skin involvement. We report two VL cases with atypical localizations not reported from east Africa before, both diagnosed and treated at the Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center, Gondar, Ethiopia. The first case was an HIV-infected patient with scrotal and penile involvement. Leishmania parasites were detected in the spleen and the scrotum. The second case was an immunocompetent individual with esophageal, laryngeal, and pharyngeal involvement and facial lesions. Leishmania parasites were detected in the spleen, skin, and esophageal biopsies. Current evidence suggests atypical presentation can occur in patients irrespective of their HIV status. Therefore, we suggest a high index of suspicion for VL among clinicians working in endemic areas of Ethiopia.
CCR5 HIV-1 receptor predominance in adult male prepuce; the major entry route for HIV-1 in indigenous black males in zambia?
Authors: Mukape Mukape , Kafumukache Elliot Bufuku , Trevor Kaile 
Published: April 2021

HIV-1 entry requires not only CD4 molecule but also CCR5 (CD 195) and CXCR4 (CD 184) coreceptors. A number of randomised controlled trials in Africa have reported that male circumcision (MC) reduces the risk of HIV-1 acquisition by up to 60%. Other studies have reported that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) increase the risk of infection by HIV via an inflammatory recruitment of more HIV target cells to the foreskin. Our aim was to compare the density of HIV-1 co-receptors (CCR5 and CXCR4) in naïve penile prepuce of neonates and penile prepuce of adults with and without history of ulcerative STIs at Male Circumcision Centres in Lusaka, Zambia. Twenty (20) fresh foreskin samples were included: five (5) from neonates, ten (10) from adult males without history of ulcerative STIs and five (5) from adult males with a history of ulcerative STIs. Immediately following MC, fresh foreskin specimens were fixed using 10% normal buffered formalin and transported to University Teaching Hospital (UTH) where tissues were processed and stained with anti-CD 195 and anti-CD 184 antibodies. Neonatal penile foreskin co-receptor mean density for CCR5 and CXCR4 was 13±5.148/mm2 and 7±1.581/mm2 respectively. CCR5 mean density of adults without past history of ulcerative STIs was 42.1±11.874/mm2 while those with history of ulcerative STIs was 78.6±13.520/mm2. Densities of CCR5 were all statistically significant with both having Pvalue of 0.000. CXCR4 mean density was 18.6±4.812/mm2 in adults without past history ofulcerative STIs and 23.4±4.393/mm2 in those with history of ulcerative STIs giving an insignificant P-value of 0.084. It could be concluded that CCR5 co-receptors provide major entry route for HIV-1 in male adults and that CCR5 seemed to be mobilized more than CXCR4 to the prepuce during inflammation. This supports evidence that MC reduces CCR5 co-receptors for acquisition and transmission of R5 strains of HIV-1.Key words: HIV, CCR5, CD 195, CD 184.
Preventive and regenerative responses to 1- isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) butane in annular puncture – induced model of rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Ogunlade B. , Adelakun S.A. , Fidelis O.P. , Owolabi F.M. 
Published: April 2021

This study aimed at investigating the preventive and rejuvenating capacity of 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) butanein annular punctured intervertebral disc degeneration in rabbit model.Twentyfive New Zealand white rabbits (1.5 to 3.0 kg each) underwent annular puncture.Group 1 received 50 mg/kg of phosphate-buffered saline orally for 8 weeks (non-punctured group); group 2 received 50 mg/kg phosphate-buffered salinesolution immediately after puncture for 8 weeks (model saline group I); group 3 received 50 mg/kg phosphate-buffered salinesolution after 8 weeks of puncture for another 8 weeks (model saline group II); group 4 received the oral administration of 450 mg/kg of 1-isothiocyanato-4- (methylsulfinyl) Butane solution immediately after puncture for 8 weeks; group 5 received the oral administration of 450 mg/kg of 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) Butane solution after 8 weeks of puncture for another 8 weeks.Serial X-rays were performed at 0, 8 and 16weeks for the disc height. Upon sacrifice, the whole spinal column and discs were extracted and analyzed for various histological staining techniques (H&E and HVG), biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. There wasdecreased in disc height in the X- ray and was significantly prevented and regenerated after the administration of 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) Butane solution. The histological grade, collagen type 1 and 2, aggrecan, and matrix metalloprotease-13 mRNA expression and histological analysiswere definitive in the degeneration processes thereby affirming the X-ray data. This study therefore ascertain that 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) Butane had anabolic effects on degenerated disc and could provide valuable information for consideration in clinical trials.Keywords: Low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration, 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) Butane,histology.
Length of orbital margins of dry skulls in a local Pakistani population
Authors: Rasheed Ammara , Hina Mohtasham , Kuraishi Raafea Tafweez 
Published: April 2021

Orbit is an important bony cavity which lodges eyeball and associated structures for our fundamental sense of vision. Knowledge regarding accurate morphometric measurements of its margins and depth will help in diagnosis and treatment plans of various optic functions. Previous studies showed racial differences in different populations we want to collect data in local population of Asian region as we are lacking data in this region. This study was carried out on 64 bony orbits of 32 dry Asian human skulls. Measurements from right and left bony orbits were taken by digital vernier calipers in millimeters and entered in SPSS 18.0 for calculation of mean and standard deviation.Results were obtained from different orbital margins. Right superior, inferior, medial and lateral orbital margins showed results as 31.30 ± 2.329 mm, 33.59 ± 3.35 mm, 29.57 ± 2.28 mm and 28.37 ± 2.023 mm respectively. While left superior, inferior, medial and lateral orbital margins were 30.944 ± 2.1080 mm, 31.19 ± 2.54 mm, 29.567 ± 2.36 mm and 28.14 ± 2.286 mm respectively. Right sided depth from optic canal to frontomaxillary suture was 41.40 ± 2.88 and left sided depth was 39.93 ± 3.33 mm. Data collected in Asian population showed differences from other races. This study covers important area regarding helpful in surgeries of this region as precise measurements could avoid injuries and postoperative complications.Key Words: Orbital Margin, Pakistan
The dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language: Butchers’ terminologies to the rescue?
Authors: Olajuyin O.A. , Olajide T.G. , Akanbi T.A. , Ikotun R.O. 
Published: April 2021

The need to replace foreign-language medical terms with indigenous terms has prompted researchers to search for indigenous equivalents of the foreign medical terms. This study which focused on the dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language was an attempt to examine the adoptability of butchers’ terminologies as descriptive anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs. Practising butchers in the South West Nigeria were interviewed on their terminologies for cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs and the basis for each terminology. The butchers’ terminologies, in Yorùbá language were critically appraised for adoptability as anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs. The study observed that cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs were grossly similar to those of humans. Majority (65%) of the cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs are named by the butchers’ in traditional Yorùbá terminologies. The butchers’ terminologies were etymologically derived based on pre-existing concepts similar to the modern terminologies derived from the ancient Greek and Latin words. About 25% of the butchers’ terminologies were the same with some human anatomical terminologies which were in use by the health care professionals. The terminologies concur with the cultural attitudes of the Yorùbá with reference to the private parts of the human body and majority (80%) of the butchers’ terminologies is simple and familiar to the people. Given these characteristic features, we concluded that the butchers’ terminologies are strongly adoptable as descriptive anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs and may resolve the dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language. The findings may form a baseline for future studies on the translation of anatomical terminologies to Yorùbá language.
Key words: Anatomical terms; Butchers terms; Abdomino-thoracic organs; Yorùbá language.
Neuroprotective potentials of Lycopersicon esculentum fruit extract on cadmium-induced toxicity in postnatal developing cerebellum of rats
Authors: Ohiorenuan Imosemi Innocent , Wuraola Mustapha Olufunke 
Published: April 2021

The neuroprotective potemtials of Lycopersicon esculentum fruit extract on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in postnatal developing cerebellum of rats. Twenty-five pregnant Wistar rats (110-200g) were divided into five groups (n=5) and used for the experiment. Group I served as control and received water, Group II received 0.5mg/kg of Cadmium only, Group III received 50mg/kg aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum only, Group IV received 0.5mg/kg body weight of cadmium+50mg/kg aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum and Group V received 0.5mg/kg of cadmium +200mg/kg of vitamin C, orally from the first day of gestation to postnatal day 21. Lycopersicon esculentum was administered one hour before the administration of cadmium. Neurobehavioural tests was done on the pups of day 21. Then, pups of day 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 were weighed, sacrificed and their brains dissected out, weighed with the cerebellum preserved for biochemical and histomorphological evaluations. Data were analysed using ANOVA at p < 0.05. Cadmium-treated rats showed significant decreased in body and brain weight, decreased time spent on the forelimb grip, increased negative geotaxis, increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), and decreased glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the developing cerebellum. Histologically, there was persistent external granular layer (EGL), reduced molecular layer (ML) thickness and increased astrocytes population in the cerebellar cortex of cadmium-treated day 21pups. Lycopersicon esculentum extract and vitamin C reversed the behavioural and morphological alterations induced by cadmium toxicity. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress, behavioural deficit and morphological alterations in the postnatal developing cerebellum of rat was ameliorated by Lycopersicon esculentum fruit extracts as such may be a potential neuroprotective agent.
Key words: Cadmium - oxidative stress - Lycopersicon esculentum – Neurobehaviour - Developing cerebellar cortex
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN JOB-HOPPING ATTITUDE AND TURNOVER BEHAVIOR: A JOB SATISFACTION PERSPECTIVE IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Ali Md. Chapol , Islam K. M. Anwarul , Chung Soojin , Zayed Nurul Mohammad , Islam Mohammad Rakibul 
Published: April 2021

A worker is a company’s principal power base. Recently, the employment and turnover rates of employees have risen very high for several reasons. It was still a matter of great importance to organizations. This study focuses on the multiple reasons for work saving and turnover behaviors at different workers levels in Bangladesh. This research focuses on various factors. Through this hypothesis, the key methods to determine the independent variables are studied, including worker satisfaction, job quality, employee facilities, and employee dependent variables, employment and turnover rates. A correlation between the independent and dependent variables has been identified. A survey of 150 respondents working at various levels in Bangladeshi organizations was performed with the hypothesis-based questioner. The data obtained through the survey and statistically analyzed using tools for data analysis (SPSS). In this study, the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables was analyzed through descriptive statistics, reliability analysis and inference analysis. The study of linear and multi-linear regression on these parameters indicates the purpose of the reversal. Based on the results; the theoretical issues will be validated. This study explores the key explanation for this and establishes a research paradigm to minimize Bangladesh’s high turnover.
JEL Classification Codes: J62, J28, J63.
Terra, Teto e Trabalho: Direitos Humanos e a Doutrina Social da Igreja do Papa Francisco
Authors: Castro Chaves Robson Ribeiro de Oliveira 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo visa analisar os discursos do Papa Francisco em seu pontificado e sua proposta de atualização da Doutrina Social da Igreja à nossa realidade. Buscar-se-ão em seus pronunciamentos e documentos pontifícios dados pertinentes ao tema e seus desdobramentos no campo ético-político-social atrelando esta realidade aos direitos humanos. Analisar-se-á o tema Terra, Teto e Trabalho – os três T’s – e suas realidades na Igreja, na sociedade e no desenvolvimento humano integral. Buscar-se-á, ainda, refletir sobre a realidade da economia capitalista que não colabora para o desenvolvimento humano. O capitalismo atual que mata e legitima uma competição desenfreada em prol do lucro. Assim, frente aos dados apresentados, observar-se-á a relação do indivíduo com a economia, sua afinidade e dependência do sistema capitalista. Por fim, apresentar-se-á a relação do Papa Francisco e os direitos humanos e seu papel primordial para com os mais frágeis e desfavorecidos. Palavras-chave: Doutrina Social da Igreja. Direitos Humanos. Papa Francisco. Terra.