bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfil epidemiológico e clínico dos pacientes submetidos a artroplastia total do joelho
Authors: Loures Fabrício Bolpato , Góes Rogério Franco de Araújo , Gusmão Caio Veloso , Albuquerque Rodrigo Sattamini Pires e , Labronici Pedro José 
Published: April 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Definir o perfil epidemiológico e as comorbidades associadas dos pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ) em dois hospitais de referência.
Métodos Durante o estudo observacional transversal, foram avaliados 294 pacientes submetidos à ATJ em 2 hospitais de atenção terciária. Coletou-se, por entrevista direta, o diagnóstico das comorbidades auto-relatadas. Foram calculados o índice de comorbidades funcionais (do inglês Functional Comorbidity Index, FCI) e o índice modificado de cinco fatores de fragilidade (do inglês 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index, mFI-5). Avaliou-se a incidência das comorbidades e a relação destas com os índices calculados.
Resultados A maioria dos pacientes da amostra foram mulheres (p = 0,000) entre a sétima e oitava décadas de vida. A hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi a patologia mais comum, seguida de obesidade e diabetes mellitus. O ICF apresentou uma relação direta com sexo feminino (p = 0,038) e a obesidade (p < 0,001). O mFI-5 apresentou relação somente com a obesidade (p = 0,022), e demonstrou uma chance maior de complicações nesse grupo.
Conclusão Os pacientes submetidos à ATJ são essencialmente portadores de comorbidades clínicas que podem influenciar negativamente os resultados funcionais e comprometer a segurança do procedimento. A identificação dos fatores de risco pode contribuir para a segurança e melhor seleção dos candidatos a ATJ.
Circulating Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans as Biomarkers in Health and Disease
Authors: Lepedda Antonio Junior , Nieddu Gabriele , Piperigkou Zoi , Kyriakopoulou Konstantina , Karamanos Nikolaos , Formato Marilena 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play key roles in regulating cell behavior, cell signaling, and cell matrix interactions in both physiological and pathological conditions. Their soluble forms from glycocalyx shedding are not merely waste products, but, rather, bioactive molecules, detectable in serum, which may be useful as diagnostic and prognostic markers. In addition, as in the case of glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma, they may be specifically expressed by pathological tissue, representing promising targets for immunotherapy. The primary goal of this comprehensive review is to critically survey the main findings of the clinical data from the last 20 years and provide readers with an overall picture of the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating HSPGs. Moreover, issues related to the involvement of HSPGs in various pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, thrombosis, diabetes and obesity, kidney disease, cancer, trauma, sepsis, but also multiple sclerosis, preeclampsia, pathologies requiring surgery, pulmonary disease, and others will be discussed.
Development of Molecules Antagonizing Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans
Authors: Gerlza Tanja , Trojacher Christina , Kitic Nikola , Adage Tiziana , Kungl Andreas J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHeparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) occur in almost every tissue of the human body and consist of a protein core, with covalently attached glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide chains. These glycosaminoglycans are characterized by their polyanionic nature, due to sulfate and carboxyl groups, which are distributed along the chain. These chains can be modified by different enzymes at varying positions, which leads to huge diversity of possible structures with the complexity further increased by varying chain lengths. According to their location, HSPGs are divided into different families, the membrane bound, the secreted extracellular matrix, and the secretory vesicle family. As members of the extracellular matrix, they take part in cell–cell communication processes on many levels and with different degrees of involvement. Of particular therapeutic interest is their role in cancer and inflammation as well as in infectious diseases. In this review, we give an overview of the current status of medical approaches to antagonize HSPG function in pathology.
Defining Data Migration Across Multidisciplinary Ambulatory Clinics Using Participatory Design
Authors: MacKenzie Brianne , Anaya Gabriel , Hu Jinwei , Brickman Arlen , Elkin Peter L. , Panesar Mandip 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to develop an institutional approach for defining data migration based on participatory design principles.
Methods We outline a collaborative approach to define data migration as part of an electronic health record (EHR) transition at an urban hospital with 20 ambulatory clinics, based on participatory design. We developed an institution-specific list of data for migration based on physician end-user feedback. In this paper, we review the project planning phases, multidisciplinary governance, and methods used.
Results Detailed data migration feedback was obtained from 90% of participants. Depending on the specialty, requests for historical laboratory values ranged from 2 to as many as 145 unique laboratory types. Lookback periods requested by physicians varied and were ultimately assigned to provide the most clinical data. This clinical information was then combined to synthesize an overall proposed data migration request on behalf of the institution.
Conclusion Institutions undergoing an EHR transition should actively involve physician end-users and key stakeholders. Physician feedback is vital for developing a clinically relevant EHR environment but is often difficult to obtain. Challenges include physician time constraints and overall knowledge about health information technology. This study demonstrates how a participatory design can serve to improve the clinical end-user's understanding of the technical aspects of an EHR implementation, as well as enhance the outcomes of such projects.
Fraturas atípicas do fêmur associadas ao uso crônico de bisfosfonatos: Uma série de casos de 66 pacientes
Authors: Falotico Guilherme Guadagnini , Cunza Jose Fernando Flores , Ferreira Gabriel Ferraz , Oliveira Victor Otávio , Oksman Daniel , Arliani Gustavo Gonçalves 
Published: April 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Descrever os resultados de uma série de pacientes tratados cirurgicamente com diagnóstico de fratura femoral atípica associada ao uso de bisfosfonatos, assim como correlacionar o tempo de uso prévio da medicação com o tempo de consolidação da fratura e comparar o tempo de consolidação das fraturas completas e incompletas.
Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional e retrospectivo de 66 pacientes com diagnóstico de fratura atípica do fêmur associada ao uso crônico de bisfosfonatos. Os pacientes foram submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico ortopédico em hospital de referência no período de janeiro de 2018 a março de 2020.
Resultados Os pacientes incluídos no estudo eram todos do sexo feminino, com dois casos bilaterais. A consolidação da fratura ocorreu em todos os casos com tempo médio de 2,3 meses e seguimento de 5,8 meses. O tempo médio de uso de bisfosfonatos foi de 7,8 anos. Não houve correlação do tempo de uso prévio de bisfosfonatos com o tempo de consolidação das fraturas. Houve uma diferença do tempo de consolidação entre as fraturas completas e incompletas.
Conclusão Houve consolidação após tratamento cirúrgico com haste cefalomedular longa em todos os pacientes do presente estudo, sendo o tempo de consolidação maior nas fraturas completas em relação às incompletas, e não houve correlação entre o tempo de uso prévio de bisfosfonatos e o tempo de consolidação.
Nível de evidência Nível IV, série de casos
Management of Early Menopause/Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in Women with or at High Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Brennan Annabelle , Hickey Martha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe global incidence of breast cancer is increasing, as is the efficacy of treatments. Consequently, increasing survival rates reinforce the importance of survivorship issues, including posttreatment menopausal symptoms, sexual function, and mental health and well-being. Breast cancer patients can experience a range of menopausal symptoms associated with their treatment. Most commonly women may experience vasomotor symptoms, including hot flushes and night sweats. Particularly for women on maintenance tamoxifen therapy, up to 80% will experience hot flushes, with almost one-third of these women reporting severe symptoms. Breast cancer patients may also experience genitourinary symptoms of menopause, which may include vaginal dryness and irritation, dyspareunia, and dysuria. Hormonal therapy has long been established as the most effective treatment for vasomotor symptoms. However, the hormonal nature of breast malignancies renders systemic hormone therapies unsuitable for these patients, posing a unique treatment challenge, which may result in clinicians not feeling confident to manage them. Consequently, this review outlines pharmacological and nonpharmacological options for women with bothersome menopausal symptoms after breast cancer treatment and provides practical, evidence-based guidance for clinicians.
Bacterial-induced pH shifts link individual cell physiology to macroscale collective behavior
Authors: Dharanishanthi Veeramuthu , Orgad Amit , Rotem Neta , Hagai Efrat , Kerstnus-Banchik Jeny , Ben-Ari Julius , Harig Tim , Ravella Srinivasa Rao , Schulz Stefan , Helman Yael 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Individual cells within a community often need to respond to changing environmental conditions at the population level. Accordingly, bacteria have evolved a large array of regulatory mechanisms that enable them to quickly reprogram behavior in a coordinated manner. Unraveling these mechanisms provides valuable information regarding collective behavior in the bacterial world. Herein, we show that by modulating the environmental pH levels, bacterial colonies reflect the nutritional status of the environment and accordingly regulate a collective form of surface motility. We further show that in mixed populations, neighboring bacterial species can change the outcome of such regulation through pH modification and thus affect the community’s spatial organization.
Erionota thrax (banana skipper).
Authors: Cock Matthew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The pest status of E. thrax was described early in the 20th Century (Dammerman, 1919, 1929). According to Corbet and Pendlebury (1992) the very similar Erionota torus has the same life history, and some of the records in the literature may relate to this species. For example, Zhang (1994) mentioned Hong Kong and the Chinese province of Guangdong, where only E. torus is known (Hill et al., 1978; Johnston and Johnston, 1980).
Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail).
Authors: Buddenhagen Chris 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

S. parviflora is a variable, self-compatible, rhizomatous, C4 plant with a short lived seed bank, commonly regarded as an agricultural weed both in its native and introduced range (Rabinowitz and Rapp, 1981; Pensiero, 1999; Mollard et al., 2007; Mollard and Insausti, 2011; Randall, 2012). It often colonizes cultivated and disturbed soils or waste places including seasonally wet sites and salt marshes (Hubbard, 1954; Leithead et al., 1971; Pott and Pott, 2004; Edgar and Connor, 2010). It can contaminate wool (Ryves et al., 1996), seed crops, especially those of grasses such as dryland rice, lawn seed and Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) (Silveira Filho and Aquino, 1983; Wehtje et al., 2008; Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, 2011) and degrade and dominate sod and pastures (including alfalfa), lowering hay quality, a problem because it can cause lesions in livestock (Murphy et al., 1992; Arregui et al., 2001; Muller and Via, 2012). Land infested with it might be considered to have lower value because of poor pasture. It is regarded as a member of the alien flora of Chile (Ugarte et al., 2011).
Bruchus pisorum (pea weevil).
Authors: Wale Melaku 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The pea weevil is a small insect (up to 5 mm long) with good flight possibilities. The adults may fly up to 5 km in search of pea flowers. The larvae develop within a single pea seed; the pupae and newly emerged adults also remain there, so the pest is easily spread all over the world in seed (grain) trade. This is the reason why the pest can be found everywhere that pea is cultivated. It may be invasive in tropical, subtropical and warmer parts of temperate zones. It only has one generation per year, but is a prevalent pest on pea in many countries, causing considerable damage. Infestation by the pest causes economic losses, partly due to the direct loss of seed contents consumed by the pest and partly due to the fact that weevil-damaged seed has a lower germination rate and fetches a lower unit price.
Castanea mollissima (hairy chestnut).
Authors: Praciak Andrew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

C. mollissima has been cultivated for its nuts by the Chinese for at least 2500 years. The tree grows under a wide variety of environmental conditions, is drought- and flood-tolerant, and is very resistant to chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), which is a serious disease of Castanea species. In recent years, Chinese chestnut has been planted on a large scale in rural areas of China and on a smaller scale in the USA (Wallace, 1995), where Warmund (2011) considered it to have potential as a niche crop in the central states. In 1995, approximately 245,000 t of nuts were produced in China, of which 51,000 t came from Shandong Province and 29,000 t from Hubei Province. Overall, mean nut production in China increased from 225 kg/ha during the 1980s to 335 kg/ha in the 1990s, with yields of up to 1500 kg/ha being recorded widely (Zheng, 1985; Gao, 1997).
Enabling covariational reasoning in Einstein’s formula for photoelectric effect
Authors: Sokolowski Andrzej 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Research has identified several students’ misinterpretations of the principles of the photoelectric effect (PE). Students cannot interpret the formula using the graph’s context despite the linear dependence inherited in it. Many studies pointed out that the graphical representation of kinetic energy of the ejected electrons versus frequency of incident photons is unclear when a blend of mathematical and scientific reasoning is applied. While research suggests various ways to help improve the understanding, little attention is given to the algebraic structure of the equation

K

Max

=
h
f
−

W

o

and its corresponding graphical representation. Detailed scrutiny revealed that some phases of the PE’s algebraic expression do not support its visual representation. This paper suggests a more consistent alignment of the rules of mathematics with the PE process. This suggestion emerged as an alternative algebraic representation of the law of conservation of energy in the form of a piecewise linear function. It is hypothesized that such covariational relation between photons’ frequency and the ejected electrons’ kinetic energy is more consistent with observable phenomena behaviour and students’ mathematics knowledge. While formulating the law of conservation of energy, a physics simulation, The Photoelectric Effect (http://phet.colorado.edu), was used. The process of mathematical modelling of the PE that concluded with a covariational relation of the kinetic energy of ejected electrons was delivered to a group of 20 (N = 20) high school physics students. A didactical outline of the instructional unit is included.
From sleep medicine to medicine during sleep–a clinical perspective
Authors: Bar Nitai , Sobel Jonathan A , Penzel Thomas , Shamay Yosi , Behar Joachim A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective. In this perspective paper, we aim to highlight the potential of sleep as an auspicious time for diagnosis, management and therapy of non-sleep-specific pathologies. Approach. Sleep has a profound influence on the physiology of body systems and biological processes. Molecular studies have shown circadian-regulated shifts in protein expression patterns across human tissues, further emphasizing the unique functional, behavioral and pharmacokinetic landscape of sleep. Thus, many pathological processes are also expected to exhibit sleep-specific manifestations. Modern advances in biosensor technologies have enabled remote, non-invasive recording of a growing number of physiologic parameters and biomarkers promoting the detection and study of such processes. Main results. Here, we introduce key clinical studies in selected medical fields, which leveraged novel technologies and the advantageous period of sleep to diagnose, monitor and treat pathologies. Studies demonstrate that sleep is an ideal time frame for the collection of long and clean physiological time series data which can then be analyzed using data-driven algorithms such as deep learning. Significance.This new paradigm proposes opportunities to further harness modern technologies to explore human health and disease during sleep and to advance the development of novel clinical applications – from sleep medicine to medicine during sleep.
A comparative study of internal kink stability in EU DEMO designs with negative and positive triangularity
Authors: Zhou Lina , Liu Yueqiang , Siccinio Mattia , Fable Emiliano , Wu Tingting , Kurki-Suonio Taina , Varje Jari , Liu Deyong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Internal kink (IK) instability is investigated for European demonstration fusion reactor (EU DEMO) plasmas in both negative triangularity (NT) and positive triangularity (PT) configurations. For NT plasmas, the IK becomes more unstable as an ideal conformal wall moves away from the plasma boundary, with the mode growth rate saturating at the wall radial location of about

b

/

a

=
1.5

, where a is the plasma minor radius and b the wall radial location. The plasma resistivity destabilizes the IK mode. The effect of sub-sonic toroidal plasma flow is sufficiently weak and can thus be ignored for these EU DEMO equilibria. These results are consistent with those for PT plasmas, albeit with larger mode growth rate in the NT configuration. Both perturbative and self-consistent magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD)-kinetic hybrid calculations predict (partial) stabilization of the IK modes in both NT and PT configurations, with inclusion of various kinetic contributions. Precessional drift motion of trapped fusion-born alphas in EU DEMO produces weak stabilization to the IK mode. Stronger stabilization occurs with the toroidal precession of trapped thermal particles (ions and electrons) and the bounce-transit motion of thermal ions. The stabilization is similar between the NT and PT configurations, due to the similarity of the mode eigenfunction (occupying a nearly circular region in the plasma core) despite the sign difference in the triangularity. The non-perturbative MHD-kinetic hybrid model predicts much less stabilization of the mode than the perturbative model, primarily due to the self-consistent determination of the mode eigenvalue in the former. Generally, no significant difference in the IK mode stability is found between the NT and PT plasmas in EU DEMO.
Anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Authors: Bister Teresa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The search for anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic rays of the highest energies is essential in the ongoing effort to identify their sources. After more than 15 years of operation, the exposure of the Pierre Auger Observatory exceeds 100,000 km2 sr yr and several important scientific findings regarding anisotropy studies on various angular scales have been reported. In the large-scale regime, a dipolar modulation above an energy threshold of 8 EeV was discovered with a significance exceeding the 5σ confidence level. The dipole exhibits an amplitude of

6.6

−
0.8

+
1.2

%

and its maximum points 125° away from the Galactic center, thus providing observational evidence for an extragalactic origin of the highest-energy cosmic rays. The analysis of the equatorial component was extended to lower energies down to 0.03 EeV where the dipole phase changes towards the Galactic center. At the highest energies, searches for small- and intermediate-scale anisotropies were performed. A model-independent search for overdensities as well as a correlation study with the direction of the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus A was conducted. Additionally, comparisons to four catalogs of candidate sources were performed using a maximum likelihood analysis. The comparison of the cosmic-ray arrival directions to a sample of starburst galaxies results in the highest post-trial significance, which lately surpassed the 4.5σ confidence level above 38 EeV. This review provides an overview of the Pierre Auger Collaboration’s most important findings concerning anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.
Quintessential inflation in Palatini gravity
Authors: Verner Sarunas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study a model of quintessential inflation in the context
of Palatini gravity. As a representative example, we consider the
Peebles-Vilenkin model of quintessential inflation with a small
non-minimal coupling to gravity, which is consistent with the most
recent Planck measurements. At the end of inflation, the inflaton
field passes through a tachyonic region and it leads to explosive
particle production through the tachyonic preheating process. After
preheating, the Universe becomes dominated by the kinetic energy of
the inflaton and enters a period of kination. Eventually, the total
energy density of the Universe becomes dominated by radiation,
resulting in reheating. We find that the model predicts the
reheating temperature values TRH∼𝒪(103 -
108) GeV, which is significantly above the temperature of
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. Following reheating, the inflaton field
rolls down the quintessence potential until it freezes. Since the
quintessence remains frozen until the present day, the residual
potential energy density at this field value explains the observed
dark energy density.
Neutrino scattering off a black hole surrounded by a magnetized accretion disk
Authors: Dvornikov Maxim 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study the neutrino scattering off a rotating black hole
with a realistic accretion disk permeated by an intrinsic magnetic
field. Neutrino trajectories in curved spacetime as well as the
particle spin evolution in dense matter of an accretion disk and in
the magnetic field are accounted for exactly. We obtain the fluxes
of outgoing ultrarelativistic neutrinos taking into account the
change of the neutrino polarization owing to spin
oscillations. Using the conservative value of the neutrino magnetic
moment and realistic radial distributions of the matter density and
the magnetic field strength, we get that these fluxes are reduced by
several percent compared to the case when no spin oscillations are
accounted for. In some situations, there are spikes in the neutrino
fluxes because of the neutrino interaction with the rotating plasma
of an accretion disk. Taking into account the uncertainties in the
astrophysical neutrino fluxes, the predicted effects turn out to be
quite small to be observed with the current neutrino telescopes.