bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of coir fibres on strength, thickness and cost of PMGSY roads
Authors: Mittal Ayush 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present study discusses about the effect of adding coir fibres in poor soil in various percentages (i.e. 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.60%, 0.90%, 1.20% and 1.5%) on the strength, thickness and cost of low volume rural roads under PMGSY. Soil sample comes under clay of high compressibility (CH) category and contains substantial amount of finer particles. Laboratory California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and compaction tests are performed for various reinforcement conditions. Upto 0.90% fibre reinforcement, improvement in CBR and dry density is reported and beyond that it decreases. The thickness of pavement is determined as per design catalogues provided in IRC:SP:72-2015. Maximum cost reduction of 21% and 19% in pavement construction corresponding to traffic category T-6 and T-9, respectively, is reported when reinforced with 0.90% coir fibres.
Sustainable use of polypropylene fibers and palm oil fuel ash in the production of geopolymer concrete
Authors: Adapala Bala Gopal , Kumar Jagarapu Durga Chaitanya , Jeelani Syed Hamim , Sarath Chandra Kumar B. , Eluru Arunakanthi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGeopolymer concrete is an innovative advance in the world, in this concrete cement is fully substituted with pozzolanic materials like fly ash and GGBS. In this present study fly ash is replaced with POFA (Palm oil fuel ash) up to 25% (0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%), 10% of stone dust is replaced with sand. In addition to the above materials, 0.2% of polypropylene fibers were added to the volume of concrete. 2.5 ratio of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solutions are added as Alkali activators for 10M molarity. Initially, the specimens are oven cured 80° C for about 24hrs and after that leave for ambient curing. All the specimens stood tested after 7 and 28 days of ambient curing. The prepared POFA based geopolymer was tested for all types of mechanical properties, like compressive strength, split tensile strength, bending strength and load deflection curve. All these properties are compared with the nominal concrete.
RCC chimney for 800Mw thermal power plant
Authors: Krishna Tulasi Sai , Chowdary CH Mallika 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A Chimney is an industrial structure used to ventilate hot flue gases from the furnace to the outside living atmosphere.The Chimneys are typically vertical, or as near as possible to vertical, to ensure that the gases flow smoothly. As a result of the procedure of chimney is ability to handle Dead load, Wind load, Earthquake load and Temperature load. In this research, achimney is starting from basic calculations to analytical calculations. A Chimney analysis for the thermal power plant, the location wastaken as Vijayawada, (AP). Where as the basic wind speed and seismic zone were considered only in that particular location. Analysis was about how to calculate the height, calculating area and volumeif the thermal plant generates 800MW power. Analysis was calculated by using Indian code IS 4998-2015.in manual and software. STAAD Pro and ANSYS are the softwares used for the validation.
Review of structural health monitoring attributes optimization with multiple regression and teaching learning based optimization
Authors: Khaira Ashish , Dwivedi Ravi K. , Jain Sanjay 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It was observed in reviewed literature that researchers preferred Weibull analysis for analyzing failure, as it is a generalized uncertainty failure model, based on variable failure rate in structural health monitoring (SHM). Apart from this, in real-life situations, it is difficult to get all the required data for the standard objective function, therefore, some researchers used some pre-existed values in place of unavailable ones, but it usually leads to error. To reduce this error, this research work reviewed Multiple Regression and Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO). This review suggested combining Multiple Regression and Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) for successful structural health monitoring (SHM).
Effect of ball powder ratio on microstructure and compressive behaviour of porous Ti-4wt %Al alloy
Authors: Singh Pradeep , Agarwal P. , Shakya J.P. , Mondal D.P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ti and Al powders were milled in the weight proportion 24:1 using horizontal planetary ball mill. The ratio of ball to powder amounts (BPR) was varied (10, 15, and 20) in the milling process. Powder mixture milled with different BPRs were characterized by the XRD and FESEM to probe the evolution of phase and particles shape and size. Further, these mixtures were used to make porous cylindrical samples through space holder method. The used space holder amount was 60 v%. Compression test of the samples were performed on Universal Testing Machine. It was analysed that crystallite size, shape and size of the powder particles considerably affected by the used ball to powder ratio.XRD confirms that phase formation is invariant with the BPR. The observed relative density is about 10% higher than the used space holder content. Porous sample synthesized by the powder milled with 15 BPR has higher plastic collapse stress and energy absorption capacity as compared to the samples made of the powder milled with 10 and 20 BPRs.
Harmonic analysis of annular sector sandwich plate using FEM
Authors: Kumar M , Narwariya M , Sharma A K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In present study, vibration and harmonic behaviors of annular sector sandwich plate of two orthotropic composite materials are analyzed using FEM technique. Sandwich plate made of two face sheet and one core sheet in middle has been modelled using an ANSYS APDL FEM tool. A suitable finite element model is developed and proposed based on first order shear deformation theory. The model has been discretized using appropriate elements i.e. 8-node solid 185 for core sheet and SOLSH190 for face sheet from the ANSYS element library. Effect of varying face sheet thickness is demonstrated on vibration as well as harmonic behaviors of sandwich plate and related findings are discussed briefly. Effect of sector angle has also been demonstrated. The authenticity of the proposed methodology has been verified by comparing the simulation results with available literature. It can be observed that the results obtained are in good propinquity and presently proposed model shows the results with adequate accuracy.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir welded interstitial-free steel using WC tool
Authors: Sinha Mrinmoy , Kumar Atul , Tripathi Ajay , Chourasiya Surendra Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the present work, interstitial-free steel plates were joined using friction-stir welding. The weld integrity was found to be in excellent condition. This work emphasises the evolution of microstructure and the enhancement of mechanical properties by friction-stir welding. The microstructural characterisation using optical image microscopy revealed the refinement of grains in the nugget zone. Vicker’s hardness test stopped to a maximum of ~91 VHN in the nugget zone compared to ~40 VHN in the base material. The tensile test of the welded sample concluded that the samples fractured in the region away from the nugget zone and towards the base material. The results are conclusive that friction-stir welding is an excellent approach for joining interstitial-free steel components for automotive applications.
Optimization of wear and frictional parameters using IWO and PSO algorithms
Authors: Reddy Vajarala Venkata , Mandava Ravi Kumar , Kumar Deepak , Pachore Vijay , Kumar Vikas , Rama Koteswara Rao V. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the mechanical industries the tribological studies namely, wear rate (WR) and coefficient of friction (COF) are playing a significant role. Therefore, identifying the optimal parameters of wear and coefficient friction is a challenging task. To overcome this difficulty, in the present research work, the authors are using various non-traditional algorithms such as Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms. The non-linear equation has been developed for T6-heat treated Al 7075/SiC/FA MMC’s using response surface methodology. The three independent factors such as sliding velocity (SV), applying load (AL), and sliding distance (SD) are used to optimize the WR and COF. Finally, the performances of the established algorithms are verified in terms of their capability to develop the optimum solution.
Creep behaviour analysis of brass bar on variable temperature
Authors: Danish Iqbal Md , Chauhan Premanand S , Sharma Avadesh K , Pandit Prem Prakash 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the behaviour of Creep of Brass bar at different temperatures i.e. 300°C, 500°C and 600°C. It is necessary to perceive the behaviour of creep of Brass bar at different temperature conditions because this copper and its alloy are used in several high temperature applications. Results indicate that temperature has significant effect on the rate of deformation and life of component.
An Android-based COVID Case Monitoring Application Using a Geographic Information System to Educate the Public to be More Aware of COVID-19 Spreads
Authors: Febriansyah M C , Raiz M E , Zulfikar R , Agustia R D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to monitor the spread of Covid-19 cases. The monitoring process takes advantage of geolocation to detect the level of the spread of Covid in an area. Geographical information system utilization is used for mapping areas that have Covid cases. To notify users of the use of geolocation sensors, it is used to notify system users within a certain radius that the area entered is in an active zone for the spread of Covid-19. To carry out the tracing and tracking process, each Covid-19 patient will be reported to the system by recording their telephone number. Therefore, the patient’s movement will be detected whether he complies with the protocol by isolating independently or violating the protocol by exiting the quarantine area. Geolocation sensors and telephone number recording will involve a smartphone device so that the system built will be mobile-based. The software development method used the waterfall method, which consists of requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance. This study is a product design prototype application for monitoring mobile phone-based covid cases using a geographic information system approach.
Designing a Web-based Online Attendance Information System Application
Authors: Iffan M , Dewantara M I , Ferdiansyah D , Alexander A J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
During the current pandemic, many people are working at home or studying online and sometimes have difficulty making absences. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a web-based online attendance information system application. The method used in this design was an online questionnaire and interviews to obtain relevant information regarding the attendance list of people who work at home and learn online. The results of this study are an online absence web with several features such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) location of the person who did the absences online, the face of the absent person, and other features. The conclusion obtained in this study is that the existence of web-based online absences can make it easier for people who work at home and learn online to do absences because it is easy and can be done anywhere as long as they have internet access. The benefit of designing a web-based online attendance information system application is the accuracy in providing information to offices and educational institutions. This aims to tackle fraud or falsification of attendance. Online attendance is very much needed and can make it easier for workers and students to do attendance and make it easier for admins to monitor attendance.
Comparison of Physical and Numerical Model on Dam Break Flood Wave Propagation in Horizontal Channel
Authors: Pratiwi V , Kusuma M S B , Kardhana D , Farid M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents experimental results and the development of a numerical model for simulating dam break flood wave propagation. Floods caused by dam breaks have special flow characteristics due to potential energy caused by upstream and downstream elevation differences, and very high flow rates, from the collapse of the dam wall. The physical model is built on a horizontal channel, with 10 meters length and 1-meter width. The reservoirs used are upstream and downstream. Channels used are made of steel materials with negligible friction. The building used is made from wood with a volume of 10x10x40 cm. Flood wave propagation is modelled as a flash flood due to the mass movement of water in large quantities with the sudden opening of water gates. As the initial conditions, the door will be closed. On the upstream of the door, given the initial conditions of water level. Physical models result is used as calibration of numerical models. The developed numeric model is open foam that produces 3D modeling. The result of the physical model and numerical model show the highest flow velocity and good agreement of the pattern of flow velocity profiles during the first 3 seconds. The comparison of the Numerical model and Physical Model indicates whether the numerical model is feasible for use in dam-break modeling. For better results, it is necessary to develop a further model. Solutions to this physical and numerical model can be part of the mitigation effort in case the disaster phenomenon occurs.
Line Learning Software to Improve Learning Interest
Authors: Juanda  , Wessels I E , Amelia L , Irmayanti  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The internet’s role has become crucial. Even when the current Covid-19 is occurring, internet use cannot be avoided. One of the most effective internet services during this pandemic is in education, wherewith the internet can make interactions between teachers and students remotely. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design online learning applications in Indonesia. This research used the Waterfall method. This method explains the needs of application software in the process of maintaining this application. This application acts as a platform that can help teachers and students. This application provides the teaching staff the freedom to give the material that all students can access freely. This study’s result is an online learning application created as efficiently and effectively as possible for use by teaching staff and their students.
The Analysis Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Bolt Anchor Bushing in Cessna Caravan Type 208B
Authors: Suroso Indreswari 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Bolt Anchor Bushing is a component contained in an aircraft in the form of a cylindrical iron tube in which there is rubber. Bolt Anchor bushing functions as a bearing between moving and immovable components. This is done so that aircraft components can carry out their functions properly and safely. Bolt Anchor Bushing must be sturdy and strong for the shaft elements and the machine to work properly. If the Bolt Anchor bushing does not work properly, it will affect how the component system works. The methods in this research were observation, interviews, quotes with journals, and testing of chemical composition and microstructure. The results of characteristics Bolt Anchor bushing include medium carbon steel with 0.42% Carbon and 93.98% Fe mixture of Nickel 1.91% Ni. Bolt Anchor Bushing has the characteristics of being resilient and corrosion resistant. The results of the microstructure on the outer, middle and inner surface of the bolt anchor bushing consist of ferrite and pearlite phases. The colour of ferrite phase is light and the dark is colour of pearlite phase. The ferrite phase is stable at low temperatures, solubility is limited and can be with Fe3C or cementite. The pearlite phase is in ferrite and Fe3C. In this study, the bushing consisted of Fe-Ni. It has the properties of high hardness, ductility, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance.
Quantifying uncertainties in climate data: measurement limitations of naturally ventilated thermometer screens
Authors: Harrison R Giles , Burt Stephen D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Climate science depends on accurate air temperature measurement. To achieve this, well ventilated thermometers protected from direct sunlight and precipitation are needed, commonly through using louvred enclosures known as screens or shields. Maintaining good natural ventilation is critical for accurate measurements. Ventilation effects on air temperature uncertainties are quantified here using an aspirated thermometer as a reference, for air temperatures spanning −2.8 °C to 35.5 °C. Of 81462 5 min mean temperature values obtained, 50% were within ±0.07 °C of the reference and only 2% lay beyond −0.66 °C to 0.47 °C, where negative values represent the naturally ventilated screen thermometer underestimating air temperature. Larger absolute differences arose from a combination of radiation exchange and time response effects, which are separated here. Firstly, using 20s data, the exponential time response of the naturally ventilated thermometer is shown to vary with wind speed u as u
−0.5, and exceeds the conventional 1 min averaging time for wind speeds up to 5 ms−1 (at 2 m height), increasing to at least 15 min when calm. Secondly, radiation exchange effects (both by day and by night) dominated at low wind speeds (<1 ms−1 at 2 m height). Insufficient time response damps recording of temperature extremes, potentially also influencing climatological means. A new method to reduce the uncertainties is presented. This reduces negative skew in the temperature bias from −1.05 to −0.26, and, for almost 90% of the data, also reduces the spread.
Silica Exposure Estimates in Artificial Stone Benchtop Fabrication and Adverse Respiratory Outcomes
Authors: Glass Deborah C , Dimitriadis Christina , Hansen Jessy , Hoy Ryan F , Hore-Lacy Fiona , Sim Malcolm R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Silicosis is being increasingly reported among young stonemasons in the artificial stone (AS) benchtop fabrication and installation industry. Respiratory health screening, which included a job and exposure history, a chest X-ray (CXR), a respiratory health questionnaire, and gas transfer testing, were offered to stonemasons in Victoria, Australia. Workers typically reported a variety of tasks, including cleaning and labouring, which made exposure assessment complex. We estimated the relative respirable crystalline silica exposure intensity of each job from the proportion of time using AS and the proportion of time doing dry work (work without water suppression). The relative average intensity of exposure for up to five jobs was calculated. Cumulative exposure was calculated as the sum of the duration multiplied by intensity for each job. Installers and factory machinists (other than computer numeric control operators) were the most likely to report dry work with AS, and so had a greater average intensity of exposure. Exposure intensity and cumulative exposure were associated with increased odds of an ILO (International Labour Organisation) CXR profusion major category of ≥1 and with dyspnoea. Exposure duration was also associated with ILO profusion category. In multivariate analyses of health outcomes, only job type was associated with the ILO profusion category. For both most recent and longest-duration job types, when compared to the lowest exposure group, factory machinists were more likely to have an ILO category ≥1. This suggests that intensity of exposure estimated from the proportion of time dry cutting and proportion of time working on AS can predict the risk of adverse respiratory outcomes for workers in this industry.
Olfactory Information Storage Engages Subcortical and Cortical Brain Regions That Support Valence Determination
Authors: Strauch Christina , Hoang Thu-Huong , Angenstein Frank , Manahan-Vaughan Denise 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) delivers sensory information to the piriform cortex (PC) and other components of the olfactory system. OB-PC synapses have been reported to express short-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity, whereas long-term potentiation (LTP) of the anterior PC (aPC) occurs predominantly by activating inputs from the prefrontal cortex. This suggests that brain regions outside the olfactory system may contribute to olfactory information processing and storage. Here, we compared functional magnetic resonance imaging BOLD responses triggered during 20 or 100 Hz stimulation of the OB. We detected BOLD signal increases in the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), PC and entorhinal cortex, nucleus accumbens, dorsal striatum, ventral diagonal band of Broca, prelimbic–infralimbic cortex (PrL-IL), dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, and basolateral amygdala. Significantly stronger BOLD responses occurred in the PrL-IL, PC, and AON during 100 Hz compared with 20 Hz OB stimulation. LTP in the aPC was concomitantly induced by 100 Hz stimulation. Furthermore, 100 Hz stimulation triggered significant nuclear immediate early gene expression in aPC, AON, and PrL-IL. The involvement of the PrL-IL in this process is consistent with its putative involvement in modulating behavioral responses to odor experience. Furthermore, these results indicate that OB-mediated information storage by the aPC is embedded in a connectome that supports valence evaluation.
GAD65Cre Drives Reporter Expression in Multiple Taste Cell Types
Authors: Larson Eric D , Vandenbeuch Aurelie , Anderson Catherine B , Kinnamon Sue C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In taste buds, Type I cells represent the majority of cells (50–60%) and primarily have a glial-like function in taste buds. However, recent studies suggest that they have additional sensory and signaling functions including amiloride-sensitive salt transduction, oxytocin modulation of taste, and substance P mediated GABA release. Nonetheless, the overall function of Type I cells in transduction and signaling remains unclear, primarily because of the lack of a reliable reporter for this cell type. GAD65 expression is specific to Type I taste cells and GAD65 has been used as a Cre driver to study Type I cells in salt taste transduction. To test the specificity of transgene-driven expression, we crossed GAD65Cre mice with floxed tdTomato and Channelrhodopsin (ChR2) lines and examined the progeny with immunochemistry, chorda tympani recording, and calcium imaging. We report that while many tdTomato+ taste cells express NTPDase2, a specific marker of Type I cells, we see some expression of tdTomato in both Gustducin and SNAP25-positive taste cells. We also see ChR2 in cells just outside the fungiform taste buds. Chorda tympani recordings in the GAD65Cre/ChR2 mice show large responses to blue light. Furthermore, several isolated tdTomato-positive taste cells responded to KCl depolarization with increases in intracellular calcium, indicating the presence of voltage-gated calcium channels. Taken together, these data suggest that GAD65Cre mice drive expression in multiple taste cell types and thus cannot be considered a reliable reporter of Type I cell function.