bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual and acoustic feedback on the support reaction for upper and lower extremities: a case study of a female patient after a stroke
Authors: Isakova E. V. , Egorova Yu. V. 
Published: April 2021

Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability worldwide. The consequences of a stroke can include various disorders, namely, motor, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders, which, in their turn, lead to a decreased daily life activities and self-care ability, and affect quality of life of the patients. This article describes a clinical case of the implementation of a new comprehensive program for neurorehabilitation treatment in a female patient in the early recovery period from ischemic stroke with spastic hemiparesis, moderate cognitive impairment and affective disorders. The neurorehabilitation program is based on the use support reaction biofeedback through auditory and visual channels. Classical static and dynamic stabilometric trainings were sequentially used in the patient standing on the platform, as well as exercises with a force joystick for the upper limb in the sitting position. The multifaceted program also included classes with a speech therapist/neuropsychologist, as well as physical therapy with an instructor. The treatment resulted in an improvement in the patient's general condition, restoration of the upper limb movement function, normalization of cognitive functions, and regression of affective disorders. The treatment-related effects were persistent, and the assessment of the neurological status at 3 months' follow-up showed no deterioration of neurological symptoms. Thus, the multifaceted rehabilitation treatment based on the combination of increased physical activity and sensory stimulation, as well as cognitive tasks, may facilitate good recovery after a stroke.
Compétitivité et emplois à la production dans les secteurs bovins français
Authors: CHATELLIER Vincent , PERROT Christophe , BEGUIN Emmanuel , MORAINE Marc , VEYSSET Patrick 
Published: April 2021

Dans un contexte caractérisé par l’existence de difficultés d’ordre économique, social et environnemental, cette communication a pour ambition de présenter, de façon synthétique, un état des lieux chiffré des secteurs bovins (lait et viande) français. Elle s’appuie pour ce faire sur l’utilisation de différentes sources d’informations disponibles, dont les données des douanes, du Réseau d’Information Comptable Agricole et de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole. Les deux premières parties abordent la question de la dynamique des marchés en produits laitiers et en viande bovine (production, consommation et échanges) en distinguant successivement le marché extérieur (compétitivité externe au cours de la période 2000-2019) puis le marché intérieur (adéquation entre l’offre et la demande, utilisateurs finaux des produits) ; une analyse portant sur la différenciation de l’offre permet également d’aborder la place des différents signes de qualité et de nouvelles formes de démarcations commerciales s’appuyant sur une référence au territoire. Les deux dernières parties traitent de l’évolution de l’organisation de la production, en s’intéressant d’abord à la compétitivité des exploitations françaises sur longue période (1990-2018), puis aux emplois dans les exploitations (renouvellement des générations ou plutôt des actifs, transformation des formes d’installation).
3D Numerical Model for Hydraulic Fracture Propagation in Tight Ductile Reservoirs, Considering Multiple Influencing Factors via the Entropy Weight Method
Authors: Ju Yang , Wu Guangjie , Wang Yongliang , Liu Peng , Yang Yongming 
Published: April 2021

Summary
In this paper, we introduce the entropy weight method (EWM) to establish a comprehensive evaluation model able to quantify the brittleness of reservoir rocks. Based on the evaluation model and using the adaptive finite element-discrete element (FE-DE) method, a 3D model is established to simulate and compare the propagation behavior of hydraulic fractures in different brittle and ductile reservoirs. A failure criterion combining the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion and the Rankine tensile criterion is used to characterize the softening and yielding behavior of the fracture tip and the shear plastic failure behavior away from the crack tip during the propagation of a fracture. To understand the effects of rock brittleness and ductility on hydraulic fracture propagation more intuitively, two groups of ideal cases with a single failure mode are designed, and the fracture propagation characteristics are compared and analyzed. By combining natural rock core scenarios with single failure mode cases, a comprehensive evaluation index BIf for reservoir brittleness and ductility is constructed. The simulation experiment results indicate that fractures in brittle reservoirs tended to form a complex network. With enhanced ductility, the yielding and softening of reservoirs hamper fracture propagation, leading to the formation of a simple network, smaller fracture area (FA), larger fracture volume, and the need for higher initiation pressure. The comprehensive index BIf can be used to define brittleness or ductility as the dominant factor of fracturing behavior. That is, 0 &lt; BIf ≤ 0.46 indicates that the reservoir has enhanced ductility and ductile fracturing prevails; 0.72 &lt; BIf &lt; 1 indicates that the reservoir has enhanced brittleness and brittle fracturing prevails; and 0.46 &lt; BIf ≤ 0.72 means a transition from brittle to ductile fracturing. Based on fitting analysis results, the relationship between the calculated FAr and BIf is constructed to quantify the influence of reservoir brittleness and ductility on fracturing. The study provides new perspectives for designing, predicting, and optimizing the fracturing stimulation of tight reservoirs with various brittleness and ductility.
Identification of differentially expressed genes triggered by aberrant methylation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using integrated bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Chen Shuaijun , Zhang Jun , Ma Wanli , Ye Hong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a relentlessly progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease all over the world, and specific pathogenesis is still not well understood. DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mechanism, which likely contributes to the progress of IPF. The purpose of this study is to identify aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in IPF and to explore the underlying mechanisms of IPF by using integrated bioinformatics analysis.Methods Gene expression profiles and gene methylation profiles were downloaded and analyzed to identify the aberrantly methylated‐differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING), and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to evaluate the function of DEGs. RT-PCR was used to verify the mRNA levels of DEGs in mice with pulmonary fibrosis.Results By analyzing the differentially expressed genes of the three IPF expression profiles, and taking the intersection, we got 143 co-upregulated genes and 104 co-downregulated genes; GO and KEGG pathway analysis of the DEGs suggested these genes involved in the extracellular matrix organization, multicellular organismal homeostasis. Combining the sequencing data of two IPF methylation chips, we have identified genes that may be regulated by methylation in IPF. Finally, we obtained the mRNA expression of DEGs using a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis.Conclusions Through integrated analysis and experimental verification, we found a series of biomarkers that were regulated by methylation should be potential therapeutic targets for IPF.
COVID19 admission risk tools should include multi-ethnic age structures, multimorbidity and deprivation metrics for air pollution, household overcrowding, housing quality and adult skills
Authors: Soltan Marina A. , Varney Justin , Sutton Benjamin , Melville Colin R. , Lugg Sebastian T. , Parekh Dhruv , Carroll Will , Dosanjh Davinder , Thickett David R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background-Ethnic minorities account for 34% of critically ill COVID-19 patients despite constituting 14% of the UK population. Internationally, researchers have called for studies to understand deterioration risk factors to inform clinical risk tool development. Methods-Multi-centre cohort study of hospitalised COVID-19 patients (n=3671) exploring determinants of health, including Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) sub-indices, as risk factors for presentation, deterioration and mortality by ethnicity. Receiver operator characteristics were plotted for CURB65 and ISARIC4C by ethnicity and area under the curve (AUC) calculated.Results-Ethnic minorities were admitted with higher Charlson Comorbidity Scores than age, sex and deprivation matched controls and from the highest IMD sub-indices of at least one deprivation form: Indoor Living Environment(LE), Outdoor LE, Adult Skills and Wider Barriers to Housing and Services. Admission from the highest sub-indices of these deprivation forms was associated with multilobar pneumonia on presentation and ITU admission. AUC did not exceed 0.7 for CURB65 or ISARIC4C among any ethnicity except ISARIC4C among Indian patients 0.83 (0.73-0.93). Ethnic minorities presenting with pneumonia and low CURB65(0-1) had higher mortality than Caucasians (22.6% vs.9.4%; p<0.001); Africans were at highest risk (38.5%; p=0.006), followed by Caribbean (26.7%; p=0.008), Indian (23.1%; p=0.007) and Pakistani (21.2%; p=0.004).Conclusions-Ethnic minorities exhibit higher multimorbidity despite younger age structures and disproportionate exposure to unscored risk factors: obesity and deprivation. Household overcrowding, air pollution, housing quality and adult skills deprivation are associated with multi-lobar pneumonia on presentation and ITU admission which are mortality risk factors. Risk tools need to reflect risks predominantly affecting ethnic minorities.
Longitudinal modeling of fasting blood sugar variation over time among adult diabetic patients in case of Adama hospital medical college
Authors: Abdulahi Abdulmenan Mohammed , Aguade Aragaw Eshetie , Yohannis Hunachew Kibret 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. Despite the fact that most international association/organization gave attention toward diabetes control and prevention by healthy professional, still diabetes and its complication such as cardio vascular, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves become a major cause of premature death and disability across the world. The overall aim of this study is assessing fasting blood sugar variation over time and its determinant among diabetic patients. Methods: Data were obtained from Adama Hospital Medical College diabetic patients who have been active in the follow-up treatment from September 1, 2018 to August 30, 2019. The data consists of basic demographic and clinical characteristics of 312 DM patients were selected using simple random sampling techniques and of whom 177 were males and the rest 135 were females. The linear mixed effect model for longitudinal data analysis was used by taking the correlation between Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) level of patients into account. Linear mixed model, random intercept and slope models were used for feting the data. Results: The results from the linear mixed model with unstructured co-variance structure showed that for one-month change in time decreases log FBS level by 0.0111267 mg/dl. While a unit increase in Body Mass Index (BMI) of a patient on treatment, the log FBS level was increased by 0.0434 mg/dl. Similarly, a unit increase in Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), the log FBS level was increased by 0.0004749 mg/dl. Being tertiary and secondary level of education decreases logFBS level by 0.0058844 and 0.0055161 respectively compared with patients with no education.Conclusion: Age, Educational status, Dietary type, Drug type, History of hypertension, BMI, DBP, Time, interaction effect of Age, history of hypertension, Dietary type, other comorbidity at baseline with time were the significant determinant for the change in mean FBS level of the diabetes patients over time. Based on the findings of our study and WHO recommendation, maintaining of healthy body weight, by taking healthy diet along with lower blood glucose level is essential to control blood sugar in body and to prevent long term complication.
When positive is negative: The moderating role of DT on the relationship between micro-daily events and counterproductive work behavior
Authors: Silva Daniel , Junça-Silva Ana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The workplace is a context, in which, individuals experience diverse types of micro daily events. Taking into account the personality traits, emotions vary, as does the perception of micro daily events. This study examined the three dimensions of the dark triad personality (machiavelism, psychopathy, and narcissism) as moderators of the relationship between micro-daily events, positive and negative, and counterproductive work-related behaviors. To achieve this goal, 205 working adults took part in this study. The results showed that: (1) daily micro-events predicted CWB’s, in particular, when the ratio of daily micro-events was positive, the CWB’s decreased; (2) the dark triad moderated the relation between micro daily-events and CWB’s, such that CWB’s decreased as the ratio of daily micro-events increased for individuals with high and moderate DT levels. Such results proved to be fundamental for a better understanding of the behavior of employees in organizations, as well as the impact of daily events in the organizational environment. The implications for theory and practice were discussed.
Mask-wearing and social distancing: Evidence from a video-observational and natural-experimental study of public space behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liebst Lasse Suonperä , Ejbye-Ernst Peter , Bruin Marijn , Thomas Josephine , Lindegaard Marie Rosenkrantz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Face masks have been widely employed as a personal protective measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns remain that masks create a false sense of security that reduces adherence to other public health measures, including social distancing. This paper tested whether mask-wearing was negatively associated with social distancing compliance. In two studies, we combined video-observational records of public mask-wearing in two Dutch cities with a natural-experimental approach to evaluate the effect of an area-based mask mandate. We found no observational evidence of an association between mask-wearing and social distancing, but found a positive link between crowding and social distancing violations. Our natural-experimental analysis showed that an area-based mask mandate did not significantly affect social distancing or crowding levels. Our results alleviate the concern that mask use reduces social distancing compliance or increases crowding levels. On the other hand, crowding reduction may be a viable strategy to mitigate social distancing violations.
Determining environmental risk and source of heavy metal(loid)s in the surrounding farmland soil of a zinc smelter in water source area, Northwest China
Authors: Lu Xinwei , Zhuang Sukai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Risk and source of heavy metal(loid)s (As, Cu, Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, V, and Zn) were determined in the surrounding farmland soil of a zinc smelter in the water source area of the Mid–route of South–North Water Transfer Project of China to explore the impact of smelting activity on local environment. The heavy metal(loid)s contents were analyzed by X–ray fluorescence spectrometry and their pollution levels and ecological risks were assessed by geoaccumulation index, Nemerow synthetic pollution index and potential ecological risk index. The possible sources of the heavy metals(loid)s were identified by multivariate statistical analysis methods. The mean contents of the heavy metal(loid)s in the farmland soil were above the local soil background values except Mn. The contents of As, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni in the downwind direction soil decreased with the distance increasing between the sampling site and the zinc smelter. The investigated soils were moderately to seriously polluted by heavy metal(loid)s and the heavy metal(loid)s presented moderately ecological risk as a whole. As, Cu, Pb, and Zn mainly originated from zinc smelting activities. Cr, Mn, and V primarily derived from natural source. Ni mainly came from zinc smelting activities, partly from natural source. The zinc–smelting activity influenced the heavy metal(loid)s content, particularly Zn and Pb, in the surrounding farmland soil. The local government should strengthen the cooperative monitoring of heavy metal(loid)s in farmland and agricultural products, as well as pollutant emission monitoring and control.
Observation of hybrid higher-order skin-topological effect in non-Hermitian topolectrical circuits
Authors: Zou Deyuan , Chen Tian , He Wenjing , Bao Jiacheng , Lee Ching Hua , Sun Houjun , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Robust boundary states epitomize how deep physics can give rise to concrete experimental signatures with technological promise. Of late, much attention has focused on two distinct mechanisms for boundary robustness - topological protection, as well as the non-Hermitian skin effect. In this work, we report the first experimental realizations of hybrid higher-order skin-topological effect, in which the skin effect selectively acts only on the topological boundary modes, not the bulk modes. Our experiments, which are performed on specially designed non-reciprocal 2D and 3D topolectrical circuit lattices, showcases how non-reciprocal pumping and topological localization dynamically interplays to form various novel states like 2D skin-topological, 3D skin-topological-topological hybrid states, as well as 2D and 3D higher-order non-Hermitian skin states. Realized through our highly versatile and scalable circuit platform, theses states have no Hermitian nor lower-dimensional analog, and pave the way for new applications in topological switching and sensing through the simultaneous non-trivial interplay of skin and topological boundary localizations.
Towards PHA production from wastes: The bioconversion potential of different activated sludge and food industry wastes into VFAs through acidogenic fermentation
Authors: Montiel-Jarillo Gabriela , Gea Teresa , Artola Adriana , Fuentes Javier , Carrera Julián , Suárez-Ojeda Maria Eugenia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Acidogenic fermentation of wastes produces volatile fatty acid (VFA)-rich streams that can be used as low-cost carbon sources for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production. In this study, an inoculum collected from an anaerobic reactor of a municipal WWTP was conditioned to suppress methanogenic activity. The heat-shock conditioning method of the inoculum proved to be more efficient than acid and alkaline conditioning methods for methanogen inhibition. Then, the pre-conditioned inoculum was used to determine the acidogenic potential of different wastes: three waste activated sludge (WAS) samples generated at different sludge retention times (SRTs, 2, 7 and 14 days), olive mill wastewater (OMW), glycerol, apple pomace (AP) and winterization oil cake (WOC). Batch tests were performed in quintuplicate at 37°C and pH 7. A higher degree of acidification was observed for high-rate activated sludge (2 days of SRT) (69%), followed by olive mill wastewater (OMW) (43%), while the lowest was for glycerol (16%). The results for the winterization oil cake (WOC) samples interestingly elucidated a high content of propionic acid with a high odd-to-even ratio (0.86) after fermentation. Feeding the VFA profile obtained from WOC into a PHA production system led to a significant production of 0.64 g PHA g− 1 C with 30% polyhydrobutyrate (PHB) to 69% polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) as monomeric units of HB-co-HV, decoupling the need for a related carbon source for co-polymer production.
The Impact of Symptom Severity on Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Narcolepsy
Authors: Li Chenyang , Shang Shaomei , Dong Xiaosong , Zhang Jun , Wang Xiaoling , Zhang Wei , Gao Yinghui , Yi Huijie , Han Fang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Narcolepsy has deleterious implications on daily life. However, few studies have fully assessed the severity of pentad symptoms of Chinese adults with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), as well as the relation with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It is still not clear how the global functioning of patients with NT1 are affected by these pentad symptoms and which does specific symptom affect HRQoL. This is the first study to assess the pentad symptom severity and its correlation with HRQoL in patients with NT1.Methods: Our cross-sectional study is to assess the pentad symptom severity and its correlation with HRQoL in patients with NT1. A total of 174 patients with NT1 were recruited. They completed Narcolepsy Severity Scale (NSS) and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) including five dimensions (EQ-5D utility values) and a visual analog scale (EQ-5D VAS). The relation between severity of symptoms and HRQoL dimensions was assessed by Pearson correlation analyses. Logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors of HRQoL. Nomogram was established based on results of independent predictors factors on logistic regression analyses. Results: The scores for NSS, EQ-5D utility values and EQ-5D VAS were 29.89±10.08, 0.78±0.09 and 64.30±19.84 in patients with NT1 respectively. NSS score showed a significantly correlation with self-care (r=0.157, P<0.05), usual activities (r=0.236, P<0.01), pain/discomfort (r=0.174, P<0.05), anxiety/depression (r=0.2, P<0.01) and EQ-5D utility values (r=-.261, P<0.01). EDS (excessive daytime sleep), cataplexy, hallucinations, paralysis and disrupted nocturnal sleep (DNS) were significant associated to EQ-5D VAS (r ranged from -0,154 to -0.354, P<0.05). EDS (OR=-0.297, 95% CI -1.892- -0.634) and DNS (OR=-0.16, 95% CI -0.7307- -0.446) were predictors of HRQoL. Regards the NSS scores, NSS score (OR=-0.360, 95% CI -0.979- -0.438) and treated (OR=0.215, 95% CI 3.567-16.188) were predictors of the metrics of HRQoL. The C-indices of the nomogram was 0.726 (95% CI 0.686-0.766). Conclusion: The severity of symptoms could disrupt self-care and usual activities and increase pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. NSS score could be used for predicting HRQoL, but with a modest precision.