bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole‐cell biocatalysis: Advancements toward the biosynthesis of fuels
Authors: Madavi Tanushree Baldeo , Chauhan Sushma , Keshri Anushri , Alavilli Hemasundar , Choi Kwon‐Young , Pamidimarri Sudheer D. V. N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe availability of robust microbial systems has facilitated the implementation of greener technology replacing existing less sustainable chemical technologies. Whole‐cell biocatalysis has empowered the biological production of chemicals and biofuels, replacing labor‐intensive traditional chemical catalysis. Whole‐cell biocatalysis offers new avenues to use sustainable raw/waste biomass as a substrate for biotransformation into industrially important compounds. Using a native or non‐native microbial cell system as a chassis for developing a suitable cell catalyst requires multiple‐level adjustments owing to the target product. Enzymes, the critical entity of biocatalysis, are an important factor influencing biocatalysis efficiency; whole cells provide optimal conditions to the enzymes or enzyme cascades for maximum productivity. Advancements in system biology and metabolic engineering techniques have led to the rational design of whole‐cell catalysts for the suitable production of green fuels. Traditional enzyme catalysts are limited by issues such as enzyme stability and repeatability, laborious downstream processing and enzyme production technicalities, but whole‐cell biocatalysis could bypass those bottlenecks. Thus, the application of whole cells in the catalysis and production of fuels has progressed greatly in the past couple of decades. This review focuses on detailing the concept of whole‐cell biocatalysis and its advances in the production of biofuels such as alcohols and fatty acid‐based, terpenoid‐derived and carbon‐free fuels. The technical advancements in various hosts such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Corynebacterium glutamicum and Synechococcus elongatus to establish whole‐cell biocatalysis are summarized. In addition, system engineering toward the optimum production of various biofuels is added to the discussion. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Interventions supporting health‐related routines for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic literature review
Authors: St. Joseph Stephanie , Machalicek Wendy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis systematic literature review evaluates research on interventions to increase successful participation in medical procedures and health‐promoting routines by children and youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Electronic database searches of Eric, PsycInfo, and MEDLINE and ancestral review were conducted to identify studies published between 1968 and 2020. Across the 24 studies meeting inclusion criteria, a variety of behavioral interventions have been implemented to prevent or decrease challenging behavior and increase participation during medical procedures and health‐promoting routines. The results are discussed in relation to (a) participants and intervention setting, (b) intervention procedures and targeted behavior, (c) the rigor of the study methodology according to Reichow's Evaluative Method, and (d) outcomes including magnitude of intervention effect. Findings demonstrate that dental or medical examinations, blood draws, toothbrushing, and handwashing were the most often targeted procedures or routines. Behavioral intervention packages including strategies such as video‐modeling and positive reinforcement were generally effective in increasing successful completion of medical procedures and health promoting routines. However, most studies have focused on early childhood and fail to reflect the support and educational needs of individuals with IDD across the lifespan. We discuss future research directions.
Client–therapist closeness–distance dynamics as a pathway for understanding changes in the alliance during psychodynamic therapy
Authors: Egozi Sharon , Tishby Orya , Wiseman Hadas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study examines how changes in clients’ and their therapists’ perceptions of the therapeutic distance relate to changes in their reported alliance. Alliance is commonly measured using self‐report questionnaires that provide information regarding the partners’ bond and collaboration, but do not reflect the interactions or events underlining them. We developed the Observer Version of the Therapeutic Distance Scale (TDS‐O; Egozi et al., 2020) to assess components of the therapeutic relationship, including closeness–distance dynamics, autonomy and engagement. Sixty‐seven clients and their 27 therapists completed the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) and underwent Relationship Anecdote Paradigm (RAP) interviews in which they related narratives about their experiences with each other three times during psychodynamic therapy (after sessions 5, 15 and 28). The clients’ and their therapists’ narratives were rated on the TDS‐O. Clients’ and therapists’ decrease in their sense that the partner was too distant correlated with WAI increase, as did therapists’ decrease in their opinion that the client was too close. Increases in both partners’ engagement was also related to WAI increase. A clinical example of a successful case demonstrates these changes and highlights significant moments that might contribute to positive change. The study establishes the relationship between the alliance and therapeutic distance, and reveals discrepancies in the experiences of clients and therapists. Tracking therapeutic distance has the potential to refine therapists’ attunement to their clients’ emotional needs.
Ribosome ADP‐ribosylation: A mechanism for maintaining protein homeostasis in cancers
Authors: Ni Jie , Gao Jiayin , Li Qin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA recent study suggests that ribosome MARylation in cancers maintains proteostasis by reducing protein synthesis and preventing toxic protein aggregation. Mechanistically, NMNAT‐2 is a cytosolic NAD+ synthase that supports the catalytic activity of PARP‐16, which mediates ribosomal proteins MARylation. Ribosomal protein MARylation regulates polysomes assembly or function through the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) stem‐loop secondary structures in mRNAs, resulting in reduced protein synthesis and preventing toxic protein aggregation, thus supporting the growth of cancer cells during accelerated cell growth. When PARP‐16 or NMNAT‐2 is deleted, the stem‐loop element in the 3′‐UTRs of mRNAs increases polysome loading, enhances protein synthesis, promotes toxic protein aggregation, leading to inhibited cancer cell growth. Collectively, ribosome MARylation provides us with an exciting and scientific direction for us to understand cancers.
Corn productivity and profitability in raised stale seedbed systems with and without cover crops
Authors: Spencer Gene Dave , Krutz Larry Jason , Locke Martin , Gholson Drew M. , Bryant Corey , Mills Brian E. , Henry William Brien , Golden Bobby 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCover crops are promoted for reducing the negative environmental effects of high‐input row‐crop production; however, cover crop adoption in the mid‐southern United States is low, partly because of a perceived increase in risk. The objective of this research was to determine if cover crops cost‐effectively improved the productivity and water use of corn (Zea mays L.) in raised stale seedbed systems. The effects of four cover crops, namely Austrian winter pea [Pisum sativum var. arvense (L.) Poiret], crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), cereal rye (Secale cereal L.), and tillage radish (Raphanus sativus L.), in a raised stale seedbed environment on corn grain yield, net returns, and water use efficiency (WUE) were investigated at Stoneville, MS, on a Commerce very fine sandy loam soil (fine‐silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquept). A cover crop preceding corn maintained or decreased yield, net returns, and WUE. Cover crops had no effect on corn grain yield in any year, except for 2017, in which Austrian winter pea and cereal rye decreased yield by 37 and 45%, respectively. Tillage radish never affected net returns; however, the inclusion of Austrian winter pea, crimson clover, or cereal rye reduced net returns by up to 57% in two of four years. Cover crops either maintained or decreased WUE by up to 44%. In the 4 yr of this research, the inclusion of a cover crop in a raised stale seedbed system only maintained or decreased corn grain yield, net returns, and WUE.
Simple, Economical Methods for the Culture of Green Algae for Energy Harvesting from Photosynthesis in a Microfluidic Environment
Authors: Kuruvinashetti Kiran , Rahimi Soroush , Pakkiriswami Shanmugasundaram , Packirisamy Muthukumaran 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOngoing technological advancements continually increase the demand for energy. Among various types of energy harvesting systems, biologically based systems have been an area of increasing interest for the past couple of decades. Such systems provide clean, safe power solutions, mainly for low‐ and ultra‐low‐power applications. The microphotosynthetic power cell (μPSC) is one such system that make use of photosynthetic living cells or organisms to generate power. For strong performance, μPSC technology, because of its interdisciplinary nature, requires optimal engineering of both electrochemical cell design and the culture conditions of the photosynthetic microorganisms. We present here a simple, economical culture method for the photosynthetic microorganism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii suitable for the application of this biologically based power system in any geographical location. This article provides a series of protocols for preparing materials and culture medium designed to facilitate the culture of a suitable C. reinhardtii strain even in a non‐biological laboratory. Possible challenges and methods to overcome them are also discussed. Cultured C. reinhardtii perform sufficiently well that they have already been successfully utilized to generate power from a μPSC, generating a peak power of 200 μW from just 2 ml of exponential‐phase algal culture in a μPSC with an active electrode surface area of 4.84 cm2. The μPSC thus has potentially broad applications in low‐ and ultra‐low‐power devices and sensors. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 26 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Algal growth conditions and algal growth chamber fabricationBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of Tris‐acetate‐phosphate (TAP) nutrient mediumBasic Protocol 3: Preparation of suspension algal culture from algal strainBasic Protocol 4: Preparation of stock culture plates (algal strain) from suspension algal culture
How to translate the knowledge of COVID‐19 into prevention of Omicron variants
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Powell Charles A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOmicron variants are part of the “COVID‐19 variants of concerns” and have the potential to spread around the world rapidly and can harm human life. We can anticipate that the endemic state of COVID‐19 will be characterized by development of new strains with surges that will predominate in unvaccinated and immunodeficient populations. Thus, there will be an important role for promoting vaccinations, boosters and accessible testing to prevent disease transmission and to rapidly detect surges. There is an urgent need to explore the virology and biology of Omicron variants, define clinical phenomes and therapies, monitor dynamics of genetic changes and translate the knowledge of COVID‐19 into new variants. Clinical and translational medicine will be impactful in addressing these challenges by providing new insights for understanding and predicting new variants‐associated transmissibility, disease severity, immune escape, diagnostic, or therapeutic failure.
Blunted sFasL signalling exacerbates TNF‐driven neutrophil necroptosis in critically ill COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Schweizer Tiziano A , Mairpady Shambat Srikanth , Vulin Clement , Hoeller Sylvia , Acevedo Claudio , Huemer Markus , Gomez‐Mejia Alejandro , Chang Chun‐Chi , Baum Jeruscha , Hertegonne Sanne , Hitz Eva , Scheier Thomas C , Hofmaenner Daniel A , Buehler Philipp K , Moch Holger , Schuepbach Reto A , Brugger Silvio D , Zinkernagel Annelies S 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesCritically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients are characterised by a severely dysregulated cytokine profile and elevated neutrophil counts, impacting disease severity. However, it remains unclear how neutrophils contribute to pathophysiology during COVID‐19. Here, we assessed the impact of the dysregulated cytokine profile on the regulated cell death (RCD) programme of neutrophils.MethodsRegulated cell death phenotype of neutrophils isolated from critically ill COVID‐19 patients or healthy donors and stimulated with COVID‐19 or healthy plasma ex vivo was assessed by flow cytometry, time‐lapse microscopy and cytokine multiplex analysis. Immunohistochemistry of COVID‐19 patients and control biopsies were performed to assess the in situ neutrophil RCD phenotype. Plasma cytokine levels of COVID‐19 patients and healthy donors were measured by multiplex analysis. Clinical parameters were correlated to cytokine levels of COVID‐19 patients.ResultsCOVID‐19 plasma induced a necroptosis‐sensitive neutrophil phenotype, characterised by cell lysis, elevated release of damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), increased receptor‐interacting serine/threonine‐protein kinase (RIPK) 1 levels and mixed lineage kinase domain‐like pseudokinase (MLKL) involvement. The occurrence of neutrophil necroptosis MLKL axis was further confirmed in COVID‐19 thrombus and lung biopsies. Necroptosis was induced by the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFRI)/TNF‐α axis. Moreover, reduction of soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) levels in COVID‐19 patients and hence decreased signalling to Fas directly increased RIPK1 levels, exacerbated TNF‐driven necroptosis and correlated with disease severity, which was abolished in patients treated with glucocorticoids.ConclusionOur results suggest a novel role for sFasL signalling in the TNF‐α‐induced RCD programme in neutrophils during COVID‐19 and a potential therapeutic target to curb inflammation and thus influence disease severity and outcome.
The unexpected contribution of conventional type 1 dendritic cells in driving antibody responses
Authors: Steiner Thiago M , Heath William R , Caminschi Irina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAntibodies are hallmarks of most effective vaccines. For successful T‐dependent antibody responses, conventional dendritic cells (cDC) have been largely attributed the role of priming T cells. By contrast, follicular dendritic cells and macrophages have been seen as responsible for B cell activation, due to their strategic location within secondary lymphoid tissues and capacity to present native antigen to B cells. This review summarizes the mounting evidence that cDC can also present native antigen to B cells. cDC2 have been the main subset linked to humoral responses, based largely on their favorable location, capacity to prime CD4+ T cells, and ability to present native antigen to B cells. However, studies using strategies to deliver antigen to receptors on cDC1, reveal this subset can also contribute to naïve B cell activation, as well as T cell priming. cDC1 location within lymphoid tissues reveals their juxtaposition to B cell follicles, with ready access to B cells for presentation of native antigen. These findings support the view that both cDC1 and cDC2 are capable of initiating humoral responses provided antigen is captured by relevant surface receptors attuned to this process. Such understanding is fundamental for the development of innovative humoral vaccination approaches.
Passive solute separation in AC electroosmosis including surface charge‐coupled hydrodynamic slip effects
Authors: Huang Hsin‐Fu , Kuo Ju‐En , Huang Kun‐Hao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSeparation of electrically neutral, mutually noninteracting passive solutes via AC electroosmotic slit channel flows is investigated for general asymmetric wall surface zeta potentials and apparent hydrodynamic slip lengths. We consider the nontrivial coupling between the surface potentials (or charge densities) and the apparent slip lengths, and focus our attention on the occurrence of a so called “crossover phenomenon” for separating out the slow diffusers when both slow and fast diffusers are present. Results show that regardless of the potential‐slip coupling, wider bandwidths become available for crossover phenomenon to occur when the electroosmotic velocity gradient (magnitude) is greater. Contrarily, plug‐like velocity profiles inhibit crossover phenomenon, and the potential‐slip parametric combinations leading to such profiles can be easily identified by the conditions for minimal transport enhancement reported in recent literature. When separating out the slow diffuser or crossover phenomenon is desired, we recommend incorporating significant asymmetry in the surface potential and apparent slip boundary conditions such that the operating frequency and flow oscillation amplitude may be lowered to more practical values. Our results also agree with and strengthen the physical picture for explaining crossover phenomenon in macroscopic pressure‐driven oscillatory flows.
Paper‐based open microfluidic platform for protein electrophoresis and immunoprobing
Authors: Hennig Stefan , Shu Zhe , Gutzweiler Ludwig , Koltay Peter , von Stetten Felix , Zengerle Roland , Früh Susanna M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProtein electrophoresis and immunoblotting are indispensable analytical tools for the characterization of proteins and posttranslational modifications in complex sample matrices. Owing to the lack of automation, commonly employed slab‐gel systems suffer from high time demand, significant sample/antibody consumption, and limited reproducibility. To overcome these limitations, we developed a paper‐based open microfluidic platform for electrophoretic protein separation and subsequent transfer to protein‐binding membranes for immunoprobing. Electrophoresis microstructures were digitally printed into cellulose acetate membranes that provide mechanical stability while maintaining full accessibility of the microstructures for consecutive immunological analysis. As a proof‐of‐concept, we demonstrate separation of fluorescently labeled marker proteins in a wide molecular weight range (15–120 kDa) within only 15 min, reducing the time demand for the entire workflow (from sample preparation to immunoassay) to approximately one hour. Sample consumption was reduced 10‐ to 150‐fold compared to slab‐gel systems, owing to system miniaturization. Moreover, we successfully applied the paper‐based approach to complex samples such as crude bacterial cell extracts. We envisage that this platform will find its use in protein analysis workflows for scarce and precious samples, providing a unique opportunity to extract profound immunological information from limited sample amounts in a fast fashion with minimal hands‐on time.
Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry as a tool for the noninvasive target metabolomic analysis of underivatized amino acids for evaluating embryo viability in assisted reproduction
Authors: Skrutková Langmajerová Monika , Pelcová Marta , Vedrová Pavla , Celá Andrea , Glatz Zdeněk 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMonitoring metabolite uptake and excretion in the culture medium is a noninvasive technique that is used for the metabolic study of cleaving embryos after in vitro fertilization. Low sample consumption, the versatility of the detection, and optimal sensitivity and selectivity are essential elements for extracellular metabolome analyses, and can be conveniently achieved by combining CE with mass spectrometric detection. This paper reports a method for amino acid determination in a limited volume sample (8 μL) of spent culture media collected after the cultivation of in vitro fertilized embryos. Special attention was focused on the sample preparation procedure. The sample was processed with acetonitrile, which facilitates online sample preconcentration via field‐amplified sample stacking, and undesired sample evaporation was significantly reduced by the simultaneous addition of dimethyl sulfoxide. Key parameters that affected electrophoretic separation and mass spectrometric detection were investigated, including the type of buffers and organic solvent, optimization of their concentrations, and finally the settings for their ionization. The separation and quantification of 19 amino acids were achieved using 15% acetic acid as the background electrolyte with a sheath liquid consisting of an equimolar mixture of methanol and water. The applicability of the optimized system was demonstrated by determining the amino acid profile in 40 samples of spent cultivation medium in this pilot study. This developed method also has great potential for amino acid analyses in minute sample volumes of other biological matrices.
Various methodologies to improve the energy efficiency of a compressed air energy storage system
Authors: Mitra Subholagno , Mahato Anil C. , Nag Abhijit , Kumar Dharmendra 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntermittency characteristic of renewable energy sources can be resolved using an energy storage technology. The function of the energy storage system is to store the excess energy that is produced from various renewable energy sources during the off‐peak hours and releases the same energy during the peak hours. The energy that is produced from the renewable energy sources can be stored in different forms such asMechanical, Electrical, Electrochemical, Thermal, Chemical energyetc. Among all these forms of stored energy, a CAES technology under theMechanicalform of energy is the most cost effective for the bulk energy storage purpose. It involves a combined operation of various components such as Compressor/Expander, Gas turbine, combustion chambers, heat exchangers, generator unit, and underground compressed air storage. This article focuses to review the detail of various CAES systems such as D‐CAES, A‐CAES, I‐CAES etc. Additionally, it presents various technologies that are used to improve the energy efficiency and applicability of the CAES system. It is found that a maximum RTE of the C‐CAES, A‐CAES, and I‐CAES are 54%, 71%, and 80%, respectively. In addition, the RTE of the modified CAES systems such as LP‐CAES, PH‐CAES, and SC‐CAES are about 90%, 80%, and 60 to 80%, respectively.
Historical data of geoelectric field observations in Japan
Authors: Nagamachi Shingo , Arita Shin , Hirota Eiji 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Kakioka Magnetic Observatory (KMO) of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) made geoelectric field observations at Kakioka, Memambetsu and Kanoya from 1932, 1949 and 1948, respectively, until February 2021, when observations at all three sites were terminated. The digital numerical data are available on the KMO website, although not all observation periods are covered. In this article, we introduce the available datasets and summarize the metadata regarding the observations, such as the electrodes, recording system, maintenance methods and data processing.