bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Side-group-mediated thermoelectric properties of anthracene single-molecule junction with anchoring groups
Authors: Ramezani Akbarabadi Saeideh , Rahimpour Soleimani Hamid , Bagheri Tagani Maysam 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCharge transfer characteristics of single-molecule junctions at the nanoscale, and consequently, their thermoelectric properties can be dramatically tuned by chemical or conformational modification of side groups or anchoring groups. In this study, we used density functional theory (DFT) combined with the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism in the linear response regime to examine the thermoelectric properties of a side-group-mediated anthracene molecule coupled to gold (Au) electrodes via anchoring groups. In order to provide a comparative inspection three different side groups, i.e. amine, nitro and methyl, in two different positions were considered for the functionalization of the molecule terminated with thiol or isocyanide anchoring groups. We showed that when the anchored molecule is perturbed with side group, the peaks of the transmission spectrum were shifted relative to the Fermi energy in comparison to the unperturbed molecule (i.e. without side group) leading to modified thermoelectric properties of the system. Particularly, in the thiol-terminated molecule the amine side group showed the greatest figure of merit in both positions which was suppressed by the change of side group position. However, in the isocyanide-terminated molecule the methyl side group attained the greatest thermoelectric efficiency where its magnitude was relatively robust to the change of side group position. In this way, different combinations of side groups and anchoring groups can improve or suppress thermopower and the figure of merit of the molecular junction depending on the interplay between charge donating/accepting nature of the functionals or their position.
The microRNA analysis portal is a next-generation tool for exploring and analyzing miRNA-focused data in the literature
Authors: Pirrò Stefano , Matic Ivana , Colizzi Vittorio , Galgani Andrea 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMicroRNAs constitute a class of noncoding small RNAs involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of many biological pathways. In recent years, microRNAs have also been associated with regulation across kingdoms, demonstrating that exogenous miRNAs can function in mammals in a fashion similar to mammalian miRNAs. The growing interest in microRNAs and the increasing amount of literature and molecular and biomedical data available make it difficult to identify records of interest and keep up to date with novel findings. For these reasons, we developed the microRNA Analysis Portal (MAP). MAP selects relevant miRNA-focused articles from PubMed, links biomedical and molecular data and applies bioinformatics modules. At the time of this writing, MAP represents the richest, most complete and integrated database focused on microRNAs. MAP also integrates an updated version of MirCompare (2.0), a computational platform used for selecting plant microRNAs on the basis of their ability to regulate mammalian genes. Both MAP and MirCompare functionalities were used to predict that microRNAs from Moringa oleifera have putative roles across kingdoms by regulating human genes coding for proteins of the immune system. Starting from a selection of 94 human microRNAs, MirCompare selected 6 Moringa oleifera functional homologs. The subsequent prediction of human targets and areas of functional enrichment highlighted the central involvement of these genes in regulating immune system processes, particularly the host-virus interaction processes in hepatitis B, cytomegalovirus, papillomavirus and coronavirus. This case of use showed how MAP can help to perform complex queries without any computational background. MAP is available at http://stablab.uniroma2.it/MAP.
Relationship between Azores High and Indian summer monsoon
Authors: Yadav Ramesh Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA dominant mode of interannual variability of Indian summer monsoon rainfall shows west-east dipole pattern with above normal rainfall towards west and central India and subdued rainfall towards the east and northeast India, and is related to the vigorous Azores High. The vigorous Azores High is accompanied by enhanced subsidence resulting in well-built widespread upper-troposphere convergence. This forms the meridional vorticity dipole consisting of anomalous cyclonic and anti-cyclonic circulation at 30°N and 50°N, respectively, and boosts the Rossby wave source. The cascading down Rossby wave train imposes successive negative, positive and negative Geopotential height (GPH) anomalies over north Mediterranean, northwest and northeast of India, respectively. The negative GPH anomaly at the north Mediterranean increases the Asian jet towards the Caspian Sea, strengthening the monsoon circulation through the ‘silk-road’ pattern. While, the dipole GPH anomaly north of India shift the Tibetan High westwards, triggering monsoon activity towards the west.
Switchable electronic and enhanced magnetic properties of CrI3 edges
Authors: Yang Guohui , Wang Rui , Ge Mei , Guo Miaomiao , Wang Jicui , Ma Rongrong , Zhang Junfeng , West Damien , Zhang Shengbai 
Published: April 2021

The first-principles calculations with spin–orbit coupling suggest that, the thermodynamic stabilities of CrI3 nano ribbon can be understood through the octahedron ligand field and electron counting model.
Comprehensive phylogeny of Konosirus punctatus (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) based on transcriptomic data
Authors: Lou Fangrui , Qiu Shengyao , Tang Yongzheng , Wang Zhiyang , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Konosirus punctatus is an important species for the structure of marine ecosystems. Meanwhile, it is a native species in the northwest Pacific Ocean and supports important commercial fishery. In the present study, we generated the whole transcriptome of K. punctatus from combined tissues (muscle, liver, gill, heart, kidney, swim bladder and sexual gland) using Illumina RNA-seq technology and a total of 46087110 clean reads were obtained, corresponding to 6531521430 nucleotides. Meanwhile, 10000 clean reads were randomly selected and compared with NT database to examine the possible contamination. Results showed that 6754 clean reads were distributed among some species closely related with K. punctatus, indicating no-pollution. De novo assembly was performed and all clean reads were assembled to produce 71610 longest unigenes with an N50 of 906 bp. Among all the unigenes, 43974 unigenes were annotated in at least one database and 3172 unigenes were annotated in all databases. All unigenes were further analyzed to predict the gene structure and we have obtained a total of 54864 coding sequences (CDSs) and 17326 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Saturation analyses were applied to evaluate the accuracy of gene expression and we hypothesized that the detection of gene expression might be effective. Finally, single-copy orthologous genes were applied to construct the phylogenetic relationship of K. punctatus. Results showed that K. punctatus diverged from the common ancestor with Alosa alosa, Alosa pseudoharengus and Sardina pilchardus at approx. 61.16–92.52 MYA. The present study will provide a foundational molecular information for the biological research of K. punctatus.
Complexity-Dependent Modulations of Beta Oscillations for Verbal and Nonverbal Movements
Authors: De Nil Luc , Isabella Silvia , Jobst Cecilia , Kwon Soonji , Mollaei Fatemeh , Cheyne Douglas 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe planning and execution of motor behaviors require coordination of neurons that are established through synchronization of neural activity. Movements are typically preceded by event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the beta range (15–30 Hz) primarily localized in the motor cortex, while movement onset is associated with event-related synchronization (ERS). It is hypothesized that ERD is important for movement preparation and execution, and ERS serves to inhibit movement and update the motor plan. The primary objective of this study was to determine to what extent movement-related oscillatory brain patterns (ERD and ERS) during verbal and nonverbal tasks may be affected differentially by variations in task complexity.MethodSeventeen right-handed adult participants (nine women, eight men;Mage= 25.8 years,SD= 5.13) completed a sequential button press and verbal task. The final analyses included data for 15 participants for the nonverbal task and 13 for the verbal task. Both tasks consisted of two complexity levels: simple and complex sequences. Magnetoencephalography was used to record modulations in beta band brain oscillations during task performance.ResultsBoth the verbal and button press tasks were characterized by significant premovement ERD and postmovement ERS. However, only simple sequences showed a distinct transient synchronization during the premovement phase of the task. Differences between the two tasks were reflected in both latency and peak amplitude of ERD and ERS, as well as in lateralization of oscillations.ConclusionsBoth verbal and nonverbal movements showed a significant desynchronization of beta oscillations during the movement preparation and holding phase and a resynchronization upon movement termination. Importantly, the premovement phase for simple but not complex tasks was characterized by a transient partial synchronization. In addition, the data revealed significant differences between the two tasks in terms of lateralization of oscillatory modulations. Our findings suggest that, while data from the general motor control research can inform our understanding of speech motor control, significant differences exist between the two motor systems that caution against overgeneralization of underlying neural control processes.
DualPathGAN: Facial reenacted emotion synthesis
Authors: Kong Jiahui , Shen Haibin , Huang Kejie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFacial reenactment has developed rapidly in recent years, but few methods have been built upon reenacted face in videos. Facial‐reenacted emotion synthesis can make the process of facial reenactment more practical. A facial‐reenacted emotion synthesis method is proposed that includes a dual‐path generative adversarial network (GAN) for emotion synthesis and a residual‐mask network to impose structural restrictions to preserve the mouth shape of the source person. To train the dual‐path GAN more effectively, a learning strategy based on separated discriminators is proposed. The method is trained and tested on a very challenging imbalanced dataset to evaluate the ability to deal with complex practical scenarios. Compared with general emotion synthesis methods, the proposed method can generate more realistic facial emotion synthesised images or videos with higher quality while retaining the expression contents of the original videos. The DualPathGAN achieves a Fréchet inception distance (FID) score of 9.20, which is lower than the FID score of 11.37 achieved with state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Fast ISAR imaging method for complex manoeuvring target based on local polynomial transform‐fast chirp Fourier transform
Authors: Liu Fengkai , Feng Cunqian , Huang Darong , Guo Xinrong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn ISAR imaging, echo signals of complex manoeuvring targets have to be modelled as multi‐component cubic phase signals (m‐CPS). In this condition, the Doppler diffusion will seriously affect the quality of ISAR imaging. Herein, a complex manoeuvring target imaging method based on local polynomial transform‐fast chirp Fourier transform (LPT‐FCFT) is proposed. In this method, the instantaneous frequency and the quadratic chirp rate of the echo signal are estimated by local polynomial transformation, then the chirp rate and the amplitude are estimated by fast chirp Fourier transform, and finally the high‐resolution ISAR image of the complex manoeuvring target is obtained by CLEAN technology. Compared with the traditional method, the proposed method has the advantages of less computational complexity, clearer imaging results and better anti‐noise performance. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
Sparse representation based direction‐of‐arrival estimation in nonuniform noise via tail minimisation
Authors: Zeng Cao , Fang Yunfei , Li Jun , Liu Minti , Li Shidong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDOA estimation based on sparse representation in a non‐uniform noise environment is proposed using a tail minimisation technique. The noise‐free covariance matrix is modelled as diagonal and off‐diagonal components relating to incoming signals. In order to combat coherent signals, the auto‐ and cross‐correlation entries of the incident signal are considered separately by using the least square (LS) criterion. Subsequently, from the perspective of difference co‐array a vectorised covariance matrix is obtained to emulate the received signal similar to the output of a single snapshot. The effect of non‐uniform noise is significantly mitigated via a removal operation. A tail minimisation scheme that is capable of deriving sharper spectra peaks is then applied to detect the DOAs. The proposed approach has the advantages of a larger virtual array aperture beneficial to DOA estimations of uncorrelated and/or coherent signals. The technique can suppress false spectral peaks to a certain extent and is also computationally effective. Numerical simulation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Transient small-scale brightenings in the quiet solar corona: A model for campfires observed with Solar Orbiter
Authors: Chen Yajie , Przybylski Damien , Peter Hardi , Tian Hui , Auchère F. , Berghmans D. 
Published: April 2021

Context. Recent observations by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board Solar Orbiter have characterized prevalent small-scale transient brightenings in the corona above the quiet Sun termed campfires.
Aims. In this study we search for comparable brightenings in a numerical model and then investigate their relation to the magnetic field and the processes that drive these events.
Methods. We used the MURaM code to solve the 3D radiation magnetohydrodynamic equations in a box that stretches from the upper convection zone to the corona. The model self-consistently produces a supergranular network of the magnetic field and a hot corona above this quiet Sun. For the comparison with the model, we synthesized the coronal emission as seen by EUI in its 174 Å channel, isolated the seven strongest transient brightenings, and investigated the changes of the magnetic field in and around these in detail.
Results. The transients we isolated have a lifetime of about 2 min and are elongated loop-like features with lengths around 1 Mm to 4 Mm. They tend to occur at heights of about 2 Mm to 5 Mm above the photosphere, a bit offset from magnetic concentrations that mark the bright chromospheric network, and they reach temperatures of above 1 MK. As a result, they very much resemble the larger campfires found in observations. In our model most events are energized by component reconnection between bundles of field lines that interact at coronal heights. In one case, we find that untwisting a highly twisted flux rope initiates the heating.
Conclusions. Based on our study, we propose that the majority of campfire events found by EUI are driven by component reconnection and our model suggests that this process significantly contributes to the heating of the corona above the quiet Sun.
Three microlensing planets with no caustic-crossing features
Authors: Han Cheongho , Udalski Andrzej , Kim Doeon , Lee Chung-Uk , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Jung Youn Kil , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radosław , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin , Gromadzki Mariusz 
Published: April 2021

Aims.We search for microlensing planets with signals exhibiting no caustic-crossing features, considering the possibility that such signals may be missed due to their weak and featureless nature.Methods.For this purpose, we reexamine the lensing events found by the KMTNet survey before the 2019 season. From this investigation, we find two new planetary lensing events, KMT-2018-BLG-1976 and KMT-2018-BLG-1996. We also present the analysis of the planetary event OGLE-2019-BLG-0954, for which the planetary signal was known but no detailed analysis had previously been presented. We identify the genuineness of the planetary signals by checking various interpretations that can generate short-term anomalies in lensing light curves.Results.From Bayesian analyses conducted with the constraint from available observables, we find that the host and planet masses are (M1,M2) ~ (0.65 M⊙, 2 MJ) for KMT-2018-BLG-1976L, ~(0.69 M⊙, 1 MJ) for KMT-2018-BLG-1996L, and ~(0.80 M⊙, 14 MJ) for OGLE-2019-BLG-0954L. The estimated distance to OGLE-2019-BLG-0954L, 3.63−1.64+1.22kpc, indicates that it is located in the disk, and the brightness expected from the mass and distance matches the brightness of the blend well, indicating that the lens accounts for most of the blended flux. The lens of OGLE-2019-BLG-0954 may be resolved from the source by conducting high-resolution follow-up observations in and after 2024.
Autismus-Spektrum-Störung
Authors: Freitag Christine M. 
Published: April 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIn der überarbeiteten Version der Internationalen Klassifikation von Erkrankungen, der ICD-11, wird das Krankheitsbild Autismus-Spektrum-Störung (ASS) neu eingeführt. ASS nach ICD-11 umfasst die ehemaligen Diagnosen frühkindlicher Autismus und Asperger-Syndrom nach ICD-10. Zahlreiche weitere Änderungen sieht die überarbeitete ICD-11-Version vor, die in dem vorliegenden Artikel zusammengefasst werden. Die aktuelle AWMF-S3-Leitlinie, Teil 1 Diagnostik, zu Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen im Kindes-, Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter kann mit kleinen Anpassungen weiterhin eingesetzt werden. Im zweiten Teil des Artikels werden wesentliche aktuelle Aspekte hinsichtlich möglicher verhaltenstherapeutischer und medikamentöser Intervention zusammengefasst, die im zweiten Teil zur Therapie der AWMF-S3-Leitlinie zu Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen im Kindes-, Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter enthalten sein werden. Der Teil Therapie der Leitlinie wird im Frühjahr 2021 nach abschließender Zustimmung der beteiligten Fachgesellschaften online über AWMF.org zugänglich sein.
Antibiotikaeinsatz beim akuten Durchfall des Hundes – Übersicht potenzieller Risiken, Indikationen und Alternativen
Authors: Werner Melanie , Unterer Stefan 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungAntibiotika werden bei Hunden mit Magen-Darm-Problemen wie akutem Durchfall (AD) in Deutschland häufig eingesetzt. In Einklang mit den weltweiten Bemühungen, den Antibiotikaeinsatz einzuschränken, soll diese Literaturübersicht einen Überblick über den rationalen und sinnvollen Einsatz von Antibiotika beim AD liefern. Antibiotika können zu gastrointestinalen Nebenwirkungen, negativen Auswirkungen auf die intestinale Mikrobiota und zur Entstehung von Resistenzen führen. Es gibt auch Hinweise darauf, dass chronische immunologische Erkrankungen durch die Verabreichung von Antibiotika ausgelöst werden können. Daher sollten sie bei unkompliziertem AD ohne Anzeichen einer Sepsis oder einer systemischen Entzündungsreaktion nicht verabreicht werden. Darüber hinaus spielen enteropathogene Bakterien bei der Ätiologie akuter Durchfälle beim Hund kaum eine Rolle. Bei bestimmten Krankheitsbildern, wie dem akuten hämorrhagischen Durchfallsyndrom, wird eine Antibiotikatherapie nur dann empfohlen, wenn Hinweise auf eine bakterielle Translokation mit nachfolgender Sepsis vorliegen. Dagegen ist die Gabe von Antibiotika bei der Parvovirose aufgrund der immunologischen Inkompetenz des Hundes, die durch die hochgradige Neutropenie verursacht wird, unumgänglich.
Prophylaxe der kaninen Parvovirose
Authors: Bergmann Michèle , Freisl Monika , Hartmann Katrin 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Impfung ist die wichtigste Maßnahme zum Schutz vor kaniner Parvovirose. Daher zählt die Impfung gegen das kanine Parvovirus (CPV) zu den Core-Komponenten der Hundeimpfung. Modifizierte Lebendvakzinen (MLV) haben sich als sehr wirksam und zugleich sicher erwiesen. Sie bieten einen zuverlässigen Schutz, der bereits nach wenigen Tagen eintritt und viele Jahre anhält. MLV enthalten keine Adjuvanzien; sie sind hinsichtlich ihres allergenen und toxischen Potenzials Impfstoffen mit inaktiviertem CPV in aller Regel überlegen. Aus diesen Gründen werden MLV Impfstoffen aus inaktivierten Viren vorgezogen. In Deutschland und in den meisten anderen Ländern Europas sind heute ausschließlich MLV auf dem Markt verfügbar. Sie enthalten attenuiertes CPV-2 oder (seltener) CPV-2b und bieten einen kreuzprotektiven Schutz gegen die für den Hund im Feld relevanten Varianten CPV-2a, -2b, -2c. Wiederholungsimpfungen bei adulten Hunden mit MLV sollten frühestens alle 3 Jahre oder in längeren Intervallen (nach Bedarf bei fehlenden Antikörpern) durchgeführt werden. Dies gilt selbst dann, wenn der verwendete Impfstoff nur für eine 1- oder 2-Jahres-Intervall zugelassen ist. MLV-Produkte werden zur Impfung gesunder Hunde ab der 4. bis 6. Lebenswoche empfohlen. Ein Nachteil von MLV besteht in einer potenziellen Interferenz mit der Parvovirosediagnostik.
Neue Arzneimittel für Kleintiere 2020
Authors: Emmerich Ilka Ute 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2020 kam für Kleintiere ein neuer Wirkstoff auf den deutschen Tierarzneimittelmarkt: das ACTH-Analogon Tetracosactid zur Beurteilung der Nebennierenrindenfunktion bei Hunden. Zwei Wirkstoffe erhielten eine Tierartenerweiterung: Das dissoziative Anästhetikum Ketamin wurde auch für Hamster, Mäuse und Ratten zugelassen und das osmotische Laxans Lactulose auch für Hunde und Katzen. Auf den Markt kamen weiterhin 2 neue Wirkstoffkombination (Mometason + Terbinafin + Florfenicol, Sarolaner + Moxidectin + Pyrantel), ein Wirkstoff (Tetracain) in einer neuen Darreichungsform, ein Wirkstoff (Lidocain) in einer neuen Anwendungsart und eine kristalloide bilanzierte Vollelektrolytlösung mit einem potenziellen Basenexzess (BEpot) von 0 mmol/l für Kleintiere.