bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Salinity on the Survival and Growth of Juvenile Coregonus Ussuriensis Berg
Authors: Huang Tianqing , Liu Enhui , Gu Wei , Wang Bingqian , Dong Fulin , Zou Zuoyu , Xu Gefeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To explore the suitable salinity range of Coregonus ussuriensis Berg, we investigated the effect of induced salinity change in captivity on C. ussuriensis with an initial body weight of 35 ± 1.5 g. After 30 days of salinity acclimation, the survival, growth performance, blood biochemical profiles, antioxidative capacity, and tissue structure of juveniles under four salinity conditions (8‰, 16‰, 24‰, and 32‰) were investigated. Our results revealed that serum penetration, blood glucose, and serum Na+, Cl−, and Mg2+ gradually increased with increasing salinity until 32‰ salinity, when a significant difference was observed, whereas the K+ concentration showed a downward trend. The tissue sections showed that under high salinity (32‰), the liver and gill tissues of the fish were severely damaged and the vacuolation was serious. The levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and serum cortisol gradually increased with increasing salinity. A gene expression analysis showed that the increase in salinity induced higher expression of stress-, growth-, and inflammation-related genes (HSP70, Gh and Igf-1, and IL-1β, respectively). The downregulation of stress-related gene expression at 32‰ salinity may indicate that this level of salinity exceeded the regulatory capacity of C. ussuriensis. We concluded that C. ussuriensis may survive in an estuary under 0–24‰ salinity. Our findings provide insights into the physiological adaptation of C. ussuriensis to salinity change. These results could improve our knowledge of the stress response and resilience of estuarine fish to hyposalinity and hypersalinity stress.
Single Versus Multiple Doses of Tocilizumab in Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Two-center, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Juhani Ohoud Al , Salah Khalid Bin , Koryem Ghazwa , Eljaaly Khalid , Essa Mohammed Al , Kharbosh Abdullah , Harbi Feras Al , Abuzaid Maram , Bilal Sarah Al , Magthali Alaa , Alsohemi Samia , Alshabasy Adel , Albossiry Hyatham , Abodeif Mohammed , Alshehri Asma , Vishwakarma Ramesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: In COVID-19 patients, increased IL-6 levels have been associated with poor disease prognosis. The use of tocilizumab shown to be effective in treating COVID-19 with varying success. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using a single dose of tocilizumab compared with multiple doses in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Methods:This study is a two-center, retrospective cohort, in which patients who received tocilizumab and were admitted to the ICU at two tertiary hospitals from March 1st, 2020, until January 31st, 2021were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on the number of doses of tocilizumab they received. Furthermore, we gathered additional data from the patients, such as but not limited to demographic data, vital signs, and laboratory markers. Multivariable logistic and generalized linear regression were used. We considered a P value of < 0.05 statistically significant. Results: Two hundred sixty-one patients were included in this study; 72.4% received a single dose of tocilizumab, while the rest (27.6%) had received multiple doses. Most of the patients were male, with an average age of 59.2. After adjusting for possible confounders, the 30-day mortality (HR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.48-1.75 p = 0.79) and in-hospital mortality (HR 0.69; 95% CI, 0.36-1.31 p = 0.25) were not significantly different between the two groups. On the flip side, patients who received multiple doses of tocilizumab have higher odds of secondary infection compared with a single dose (OR 3.06; 95% CI, 1.18-7.89 p = 0.02).Conclusion: Multiple doses of tocilizumab were not associated with a statistically significant difference in ICU and hospital mortality in critically ill patients infected with COVID-19. In contrast, it was associated with higher odds of secondary infections compared to a single dose.
Description of an Integrated and Dynamic System to Efficiently Deal with a Raging COVID-19 Pandemic Peak
Authors: Agnoletti Vanni , Gamberini Emiliano , Circelli Alessandro , Martino Costanza , Santonastaso Domenico Pietro , Bolondi Giuliano , Bastoni Giorgia , Spiga Martina , Ceccarelli Paola , Montaguti Luca , Catena Fausto , Lusenti Carlo , Altini Mattia , Russo Emanuele 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo describe an innovative and functional method to deal with the increased COVID-19 pandemic-related intensive care unit bed requirements.MethodsWe describe the emergencial creation of integrated system of internistic ward, step-down unit and intensive care unit, physically located in reciprocal vicinity at the same floor. The run under the control of a single intensive care staff, sharing clinical protocols and informatic system, following a single director supervision. The intention was to create a dynamic and flexible system, allowing for rapid and fluid patient admission/discharge, depending on the requirements due to the third Italian peak of COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021.Results142 COVID-19 patients and 66 non-COVID-19 patients were admitted, no critical patient was left unadmitted and no COVID-19 severe patients referring to our centre had to be redirected to other hospitals due to bed saturation. This system allowed shorter hospital length-of-stay in general wards (5.9 ± 4 days) than in other internistic COVID-19 wards and an overall mortality in line with those reported in literature despite the peak raging.ConclusionThis case report shows the feasibility and the efficiency of this dynamic model of hospital rearrangement to deal with COVID-19 pandemic peaks.
Genomic Regions Controlling Yield-related Traits in Spring Wheat: A Mini Review and a Case Study for Rainfed Environments in Australia and China
Authors: Liu Hui , Mullan Daniel , Zhao Shancen , Zhang Yong , Ye Jun , Wang Yong , Zhang Aimin , Zhao Xiaoqing , Liu Guannan , Zhang Chi , Chan Kenneth , Lu Zhanyuan , Yan Guijun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Breeding high-yield wheat varieties performing well in target environment is economically important. This study conducted a mini review of genome-wide association study (GWAS) outcomes on wheat yield-related traits reported in recent years, and performed GWAS in six individual environments to identify major alleles and their candidate genes responsible for wheat yield-related traits in Australia and North China where rainfed farming system is adopted. A panel of 228 spring wheat varieties were used. A double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) protocol was performed to generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker data. A total of 223 significant marker-trait association (MTAs) for yield traits, and 46 candidate genes for the major or consistent MTAs were identified. A phenomenon seldom reported in previous studies was that MTA clustered chromosome segments and gene clusters responsible for the trait were found across the genome, which suggested that marker-assisted selection (MAS) or transgenic method targeting a single gene might not be as effective as MAS targeting a much larger genomic region (GR) where all the genes or gene clusters underlying the GR play important roles.
Drug-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria Detection with the Combination of Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Ciloglu Fatma Uysal , Caliskan Abdullah , Saridag Ayse Mine , Kilic Ibrahim Halil , Tokmakci Mahmut , Kahraman Mehmet , Aydin Omer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Over the past year, the world's attention has focused on combating COVID-19 disease, but the other threat waiting at the door - antimicrobial resistance should not be forgotten. Although making the diagnosis rapidly and accurately is crucial in preventing antibiotic resistance development, bacterial identification techniques include some challenging processes. To address this challenge, we proposed a deep neural network (DNN) that can discriminate antibiotic-resistant bacteria using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Stacked autoencoder (SAE)-based DNN was used for the rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) bacteria using a label-free SERS technique. The performance of the DNN was compared with other traditional classifiers. Since the SERS technique provides high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data, some subtle differences were found between MRSA and MSSA in relative band intensities. SAE-based DNN can learn features from raw data and classify them with an accuracy of 97.66%. Moreover, the model discriminates bacteria with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99. Compared with other traditional classifiers, SAE-based DNN was found superior in accuracy and AUC values. The obtained results are also supported by statistical analysis. These results demonstrate that deep learning has great potential to characterize and detect antibiotic-resistant bacteria by using SERS spectral data. The proposed method is a label-free, easy implemented, and reliable technique with high sensitivity for clinical use.
Reversing sintering effect of Ni particles on γ-Mo2N via strong metal support interaction
Authors: Lin Lili , Liu Jinjia , Liu Xi , Gao Zirui , Rui Ning , Yao Siyu , Zhang Feng , Wang Maolin , Liu Chang , Han Lili , Yang Feng , Zhang Sen , Wen Xiaodong , Senanayake Sanjaya , Rodriguez Jose , Ma Ding 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The reverse sintering effect of Ni particles under thermal treatment has been observed in the Ni/γ-Mo2N catalysts. The ab initio molecular dynamic simulation has demonstrated the redispersion of metallic Ni particles into under-coordinated two-dimensional Ni clusters over γ-Mo2N is a thermodynamically favorable process. Utilizing pre-synthesized 4 nm Ni nanoparticles as the loaded particles, a Ni-4nm/γ-Mo2N model catalyst was synthesized and used to study the reverse sintering effect by the combination of multiple in-situ characterization methods, including in-situ quick XANES and EXAFS, ambient pressure XPS and environmental SE/STEM etc. The theoretical and experimental studies both confirmed the reverse sintering effect in the Ni-γ-Mo2N system is driven by the strong metal-support interaction between Ni and γ-Mo2N. The potential application of the reverse sintering effect in heterogeneous catalysis has been realized using the high temperature favored CO2 hydrogenation reaction. The under-coordinated two-dimensional layered Ni clusters on molybdenum nitride support generated from the Ni-4nm/γ-Mo2N has been demonstrated to be a thermally stable catalyst in 50 h stability test, and exhibits a remarkable catalytic selectivity reverse compared with traditional Ni based catalyst, leading to a chemo-specific CO2 hydrogenation to CO.
Reconstruction of the Diaminopimelic Acid Pathway to Promote L-lysine Production in Corynebacterium Glutamicum
Authors: Liu Ning , Zhang Ting-Ting , Rao Zhi-Ming , Zhang Wei-Guo , Xu Jian-Zhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background: The dehydrogenase pathway and the succinylase pathway are involved in the synthesis of L-lysine in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Despite the low contribution rate to L-lysine production, the dehydrogenase pathway is favorable for its simple steps and great potentials to increase the production of L-lysine. Results: The aim of this work is to enhance the carbon flux in dehydrogenase pathway to promote L-lysine production. Firstly, the effect of ammonium (NH4+) concentration on L-lysine biosynthesis was investigated, and the results indicated that the biosynthesis of L-lysine can be promoted in high NH4+ environment. In order to reduce the requirement of NH4+, the nitrogen source regulatory protein AmtR was knocked out, resulting in an 8.5% increase in L-lysine production (i.e., 52.3±4.31 g/L). Subsequently, the dehydrogenase pathway was upregulated by blocking or weakening tetrahydrodipicolinate succinylase (DapD)-coding gene dapD and overexpressing the ddh gene to further enhance L-lysine biosynthesis. The final strain XQ-5-W4 could produce 189±8.7 g/L L-lysine with the maximum specific rate (qLys,max.) of 0.35±0.05 g/(g·h) in a 5-L jar fermenter. Conclusions: The L-lysine titer and qLys,max achieved in this study is about 25.2% and 59.1% higher than that of the original strain without enhancement of dehydrogenase pathway, respectively. The results indicated that the dehydrogenase pathway could serve as a breakthrough point to reconstruct the diaminopimelic acid (DAP) pathway and promote L-lysine production.
Gold nanoparticle fortified bamboo biochar Nanocomposite
Authors: Toppo Aditya lawerence , Jujjavarapu Satya Eswari 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gold nanoparticles due to their specific properties and function have found uses in the field of engineering to medical sciences. The Gold nanoparticles are always used in conjugation with other chemicals, metals, proteins, and other organic materials. The addition of other conjugates enhances the properties of Gold nanoparticles. As the insertion of metal nanoparticles into an organic matrix effectively increases the specific surface area of such materials, thereby enhancing the desired properties of the material. The term nanocomposite(NCs) is used for material containing an inorganic moiety, with at least one dimension in a nanometre range of 1–100 nm(nanoparticles ) and other materials like metal, ceramics, and polymers. The term “Bionanocomposite" (BNCs)has been assigned to nanocomposites containing a component of biological origin in the mixture. In this work, Bamboo (Bambusa bambos) was used as the organic matrix for the preparation of gold nanoparticle biochar (Au-NPs/BC) nanocomposite. The one-step synthesis approach was used for the treatment of Bamboo with Auric Chloride Salt at room temperature. In addition to the above process, the bamboo was also pyrolyzed at low temperature after treatment, which helped further to reduce the overall cost of the method. This made the method of preparation of the nanocomposite low cost and eco-friendly. Various analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and UV–Vis spectroscopy methods were used for the characterization of the synthesized nanocomposite. This nanocomposite was used for the preparation of electrodes and its electrical conductivity was tested. In this method, the nanocomposite was prepared in a good amount via a very simple methodology. The characterization revealed the presence of gold in the nanocomposite, which confirms that this method can be used for the preparation of the (Au-NPs/BC) nanocomposite.
Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Study Based on Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Patients with Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Wang Yi , Han Wenhui , Yan Tingqin , Lu Weizhao , Zhou Jian , Xie Yuanzhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the altered brain spontaneous activity in acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) using resting-state amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF).Methods: Eighteen AACG patients and eighteen age, gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in the rs-fMRI scans. Two sample t tests were performed to observe the ALFF changes between AACG and HC. The correlations between ALFF values and the ophthalmologic measurements were analyzed.Results： Compared with HC，AACG patients showed decreased ALFF in the right lingual gyrus, right supra marginal gyrus , left precuneus，left medial superior frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal gyrus , left middle frontal gyrus. Meanwhile AACG patients showed increased ALFF in the right lobule crus2 of cerebellar hemisphere , left V1, right cuneus. In this study, no correlation between brain regions with abnormal ALFF value and intraocular pressure was found.Conclusion: AACG patients have abnormal brain spontaneous activity in the visual, sensual, motional and emotional areas, which provides a new insight into the neuropathological mechanism and treatment of AACG.
Ranitidine Use and Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Adami Hans-Olov , Andersen Ina Trolle , Heide-Jørgensen Uffe , Chang Ellen , Nørgaard Mette , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ranitidine was removed from several markets following discovery that the drug was contaminated with N-nitrosodimethylamine, a suspected human carcinogen. However, evidence of increased cancer risk following ranitidine use remains inconclusive. According to our a priori hypothesis, ranitidine increases the risk of esophageal, stomach, liver and pancreatic cancer. We used the nationwide Danish Prescription Registry, to create a cohort of incident ranitidine users with two active comparator cohorts comprising users of other histamine-2 receptor blockers (H2RBs) and users of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Record linkage allowed virtually complete follow-up through 2018. All Danish residents aged 18 years or older with a first prescription of ranitidine, other H2RBs or PPIs in 1996 through 2008. Incidence of esophageal, stomach, liver or pancreatic cancer. We used Cox analyses, with propensity-score weighting to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 10-year cumulative risk with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We ascertained 276 newly diagnosed esophageal, 342 stomach, 133 hepatocellular, and 517 pancreatic cancers among ranitidine users during follow-up (median 14 years). In comparison with use of other H2RBs or PPIs, we found no consistent evidence of increased HRs or excess 10-year cumulative risk of any upper gastrointestinal cancer following ranitidine use. We observed no association after restriction to subjects with at least 5 or 10 prescriptions or those with 10 prescriptions and at least 10 years of follow-up. Our large prospective study using high-quality prescription and cancer incidence data, with two active comparator groups, provided no compelling evidence that ranitidine increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers.
An Extended Spring-mass Model of Single-lap Multi-bolt Composite Joints Considering Assembly Gap and Gap Shimming
Authors: yang yuxing , Bao Yongjie , Wang Jinlong , Du Fengming 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To investigate the effect of assembly gap and shim on single-lap multi-bolt composite joint stiffness, an analytical model based on the spring-mass method was proposed, which converted the multi-bolt joints into individual single-bolt joint based on premise that there are no overlap regions of the highly stressed portions for adjacent holes. The proposed model considers the conical and spherical stress envelope and gradual elimination phenomenon of the bolt-hole clearances for multi-bolt joints. Meantime, an effective-to-equivalent gap area method was proposed to calculate the joint stiffness for situations with arbitrary assembly gap shape. Both experiment and finite element method for three-bolt joints were used to validate the proposed model with different situations of assembly gap and/or shim. The relative error of the shear stiffness between the analytical model and experiment is 0.31%, while that of the bolt stiffness is 19.8%. After that, four interested situations with different assembly gap and/or shims were discussed, and the maximum relative error of the shear stiffness between the analytical model and the finite element model is17.0%, while that of the bolt stiffness is 15.8%. Taking into account the complexity of composite material and that of assembly gap and gap shimming, the proposed analytical model is effective to predict the stiffness of the single-lap multi-bolt composite joints subjected to single-shear loading.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potentials of Non-cytotoxic Extracts of Corticolous Lichens Sampled in Armenia
Authors: Sargsyan Razmik , Gasparyan Arsen , Tadevosyan Gohar , Panosyan Hovik 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to wide range of secondary metabolites, lichens were used from antiquity as sources of colorants, perfumes and medicaments. This research focuses on exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of methanol, ethanol, acetone extracts and aqueous infusions of corticolous lichens sampled from Armenia. Methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts from all tested lichens were active against Gram-positive bacterial strains. The most effective solvent to retrieve antimicrobial compounds was methanol. Aqueous infusions of tested lichens didn’t show any significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for methanol extract of Ramalina sinensis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extract of Ramalina sinensis were 0.9 to 1.8 mg mL-1. Pseudevernia furfuracea demonstrated antifungal activity (Ø 12 mm). Methanol extract of Parmelia sulcata demonstrated largest DPPH radical scavenging activity (71%). The cytotoxicity was measured on human HeLa (cervical carcinoma) cell lines using microculture tetrazolium test assay. The IC50 values estimated for methanol extracts of Peltigera praetextata, Evernia prunastri, R. sinensis and R. farinacea species in HeLa cell line were within 1.8-2.8 mg mL-1 and considered as non-cytotoxic. Obtained results suggest that studied lichens can be prospective in biotechnologies as alternative sources of antimicrobial and antioxidant substances.
The Utilization of IoT and Remote Sensor Organizations and Their Application in Agriculture for the Improvement of Yield Productivity in India
Authors: Ghutke Pratik C. , Agrawal Rahul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the growth of mortal civilization, agriculture plays a key role. People are trying giving additional attempt also special approaches to multiply food exhibition because of the increased demand for food. One such initiative is the use of various technologies for agriculture. As IoT sensors are capable of providing agricultural field information and then acting on the basis of freak input, smart farming is an emerging term. The rising necessity of nourishment, in regards with aggregate and excellence, has increased the demand for the agricultural sector to intensify and industrialize. The IoT is a extremely encouraging household of automations having competent in providing numerous solutions for agricultural modernization. In this work, the evolution of a intelligent plantation structure using the trump card of revolutionary mechanization including Arduino Uno, Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Network is proposed. The feature of this paper is the development of a system is used to control temperature, humidity, humidity and also the intervention of animals through sensors to kill crops in the agricultural sector using the Arduino board In the event of any difference, following environmental conditions making use of using 3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi modules are considered as major ingredient in achieving the yield of productive crops, and sending the SMS notification and an application notification designed similar towards producer's smart phone making use of 3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi modules. There are several research problems related to sensors and their networks because of the significance of sensor technology. Some of the major sensor network issues for which several solutions have been suggested by researchers are energy constraints, limited processing power, small memory and data security. The work mainly focuses in exploring the need for wireless sensors in different fields of agriculture also tells the recent advancement in the IoT market, need of automation in agriculture sector also what all challenges farmers are facing using IoT.