bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical differences between central and peripheral chondrosarcomas
Authors: Laitinen Minna K. , Evans Scott , Stevenson Jonathan , Sumathi Vaiyapuri , Kask Gilber , Jeys Lee M. , Parry Michael C. 
Published: May 2021

Aims Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary sarcoma of bone: conventional chondrosarcoma accounts for 85% of all cases. Conventional chondrosarcoma may be central or peripheral. Most studies group central and peripheral chondrosarcomas together, although there is growing evidence that their clinical behaviour and prognosis differ. The aims of this study were to analyze any differences in characteristics between central and peripheral chondrosarcomas and to investigate the incidence and role of different syndromes. Methods Data from two international tertiary referral sarcoma centres between January 1995 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The study population consisted of 714 patients with surgically treated conventional chondrosarcoma of the pelvis and limbs. Results In patients with Ollier’s disease and Mafucci’s syndrome, 12/20 (60%) and 2/5 (60%) of malignancies, respectively, were in the limbs, most frequently in the proximal humerus, proximal tibia, and in the hands and feet. In patients with hereditary multiple exostosis (HME), 20/29 (69.0%) of chondrosarcomas were in the pelvis and scapula, specifically in the ilium in 13/29 (44.8%) and the scapula in 3/29 (10.3%). In central chondrosarcoma, survival of patients with Ollier’s disease and non-syndromic patients was the same (p = 0.805). In peripheral chondrosarcoma, survival among HME patients was similar (p = 0.676) in patients with tumours of the pelvis and limbs. Conclusion Both central and peripheral chondrosarcoma have specific characteristics. HME is frequently seen in patients with a peripheral chondrosarcoma, in whom tumours are commonly located in the ilium and scapula. The incidence of Ollier’s disease is uncommon in patients with a central chondrosarcoma. Disease-specific survival is equal in different subtypes after adjustment for histological grade. The local recurrence-free survival is the same for different locations and subtypes after adjustment for surgical margin. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(5):984–990.
Two-year RSA migration results of symmetrical and asymmetrical tibial components in total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Koster Lennard A. , Meinardi Joris E. , Kaptein Bart L. , Van der Linden - Van der Zwaag Enrike , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. 
Published: May 2021

AimsThe objective of this study was to compare the two-year migration pattern and clinical outcomes of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with an asymmetrical tibial design (Persona PS) and a well-proven TKA with a symmetrical tibial design (NexGen LPS).MethodsA randomized controlled radiostereometric analysis (RSA) trial was conducted including 75 cemented posterior-stabilized TKAs. Implant migration was measured with RSA. Maximum total point motion (MTPM), translations, rotations, clinical outcomes, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were assessed at one week postoperatively and at three, six, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.ResultsA linear mixed-effect model using RSA data of 31 asymmetrical and 38 symmetrical TKAs did not show a difference in mean MTPM migration pattern of the tibial or femoral components. Mean tibial component MTPM at two years postoperative of the asymmetrical TKA design was 0.93 mm and 1.00 mm for the symmetrical design. For the femoral component these values were 1.04 mm and 1.14 mm, respectively. No significant differences were observed in other migration parameters or in clinical and PROM measurements.ConclusionThe TKA design with an asymmetrical tibial component has comparable component migration with the proven TKA with a symmetrical tibial component. This suggests the risk of long-term aseptic loosening of the two designs is comparable. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(5):855–863.
Can MRI be used as a safe and expedient option for calculating Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score for patients with metastatic spinal cord compression?
Authors: Hurley Patrick , Azzopardi Christine , Botchu Rajesh , Grainger Melvin , Gardner Adrian 
Published: May 2021

Aims The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of using MRI scans to calculate the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) in patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC). Methods A total of 100 patients were retrospectively included in the study. The SINS score was calculated from each patient’s MRI and CT scans by two consultant musculoskeletal radiologists (reviewers 1 and 2) and one consultant spinal surgeon (reviewer 3). In order to avoid potential bias in the assessment, MRI scans were reviewed first. Bland-Altman analysis was used to identify the limits of agreement between the SINS scores from the MRI and CT scans for the three reviewers. Results The limit of agreement between the SINS score from the MRI and CT scans for the reviewers was -0.11 for reviewer 1 (95% CI 0.82 to -1.04), -0.12 for reviewer 2 (95% CI 1.24 to -1.48), and -0.37 for reviewer 3 (95% CI 2.35 to -3.09). The use of MRI tended to increase the score when compared with that using the CT scan. No patient having their score calculated from MRI scans would have been classified as stable rather than intermediate or unstable when calculated from CT scans, potentially leading to suboptimal care. Conclusion We found that MRI scans can be used to calculate the SINS score reliably, compared with the score from CT scans. The main difference between the scores derived from MRI and CT was in defining the type of bony lesion. This could be made easier by knowing the site of the primary tumour when calculating the score, or by using inverted T1-volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination MRI to assess the bone more reliably, similar to using CT. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(5):971–975.
Adolescent mid-shaft clavicular fracture displacement does not predict nonunion or inferior functional outcome at long-term follow-up
Authors: Ng Nathan , Nicholson Jamie A. , Chen Pengchi , Yapp Liam Z. , Gaston Mark S. , Robinson C. Mike 
Published: May 2021

Aims The aim of this study was to define the complications and long-term outcome following adolescent mid-shaft clavicular fracture. Methods We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 677 adolescent fractures in 671 patients presenting to our region (age 13 to 17 years) over a ten-year period (2009 to 2019). Long-term patient-reported outcomes (abbreviated version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score and EuroQol five-dimension three-level (EQ-5D-3L) quality of life score) were undertaken at a mean of 6.4 years (1.2 to 11.3) following injury in severely displaced mid-shaft fractures (Edinburgh 2B) and angulated mid-shaft fractures (Edinburgh 2A2) at a minimum of one year post-injury. The median patient age was 14.8 years (interquartile range (IQR) 14.0 to 15.7) and 89% were male (n = 594/671). Results The majority of fractures were mid-shaft (n = 606) with angulation (Edinburgh 2A2, n = 241/606, 39.8%) or displacement (Edinburgh 2B1/2, n = 263/606, 43.4%). Only 7% of the displaced mid-shaft fractures underwent acute fixation (n = 18/263). The incidence of refracture over ten years following nonoperative management of mid-shaft fractures was 3.2% (n = 19/588) and all united without surgery. Fracture type, severity of angulation, or displacement were not associated with refracture. One nonunion occurred following nonoperative management in a displaced mid-shaft fracture (0.4%, n = 1/245). Of the angulated fractures, 61 had angulation > 30°, of which 68.9% (n = 42/61) completed outcome scores with a median QuickDASH of 0.0 (IQR 0.0 to 0.6), EQ-5D-3L 1.0 (1.0 to 1.0), and 98% satisfaction with shoulder function. For the displaced fractures, 127 had displacement beyond one cortical width of bone for which completed outcome scores were provided in 72.4% (n = 92/127). Of these 15 had undergone acute fixation. Following nonoperative treatment, the median QuickDASH was 0.0 (IQR 0.0 to 2.3), EQ-5D-3L 1.0 (1.0 to 1.0), and satisfaction with shoulder function was 95%. There were no significant differences in the patients’ demography or functional outcomes between operative and nonoperative treatments. Conclusion Nonoperative management of adolescent mid-shaft clavicle fractures results in excellent functional outcomes at long-term follow-up. Nonunion is exceptionally rare following nonoperative management and the relative indications for surgical intervention in adults do not appear to be applicable to adolescents. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(5):951–957.
Implementation of a volunteer contact tracing program for COVID-19 in the United States: A qualitative focus group study
Authors: Shelby Tyler , Hennein Rachel , Schenck Christopher , Clark Katie , Meyer Amanda J. , Goodwin Justin , Weeks Brian , Bond Maritza , Niccolai Linda , Davis J. Lucian , Grau Lauretta E. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundContact tracing is an important tool for suppressing COVID-19 but has been difficult to adapt to the conditions of a public health emergency. This study explored the experiences and perspectives of volunteer contact tracers in order to identify facilitators, challenges, and novel solutions for implementing COVID-19 contact tracing.MethodsAs part of a study to evaluate an emergently established volunteer contact tracing program for COVID-19 in New Haven, Connecticut, April-June 2020, we conducted focus groups with 36 volunteer contact tracers, thematically analyzed the data, and synthesized the findings using the RE-AIM implementation framework.ResultsTo successfullyreachcases and contacts, participants recommended identifying clients’ outreach preferences, engaging clients authentically, and addressing sources of mistrust. Participants felt that theeffectivenessof successful isolation and quarantine was contingent on minimizing delays in reaching clients and on systematically assessing and addressing their nutritional, financial, and housing needs. They felt that successfuladoptionof a volunteer-driven contact tracing model depended on the ability to recruit self-motivated contact tracers and provide rapid training and consistent, supportive supervision. Participants noted thatimplementationcould be enhanced with better management tools, such as more engaging interview scripts, user-friendly data management software, and protocols for special situations and populations. They also emphasized the value of coordinating outreach efforts with other involved providers and agencies. Finally, they believed that long-termmaintenanceof a volunteer-driven program requires monetary or educational incentives to sustain participation.ConclusionsThis is one of the first studies to qualitatively examine implementation of a volunteer-run COVID-19 contact tracing program. Participants identified facilitators, barriers, and potential solutions for improving implementation of COVID-19 contact tracing in this context. These included standardized communication skills training, supportive supervision, and peer networking to improve implementation, as well as greater cooperation with outside agencies, flexible scheduling, and volunteer incentives to promote sustainability.
What influences uptake and early adherence to Option B+ (lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV positive pregnant and breastfeeding women) in Central Uganda? A mixed methods study
Authors: Mukose Aggrey David , Bastiaens Hilde , Makumbi Fredrick , Buregyeya Esther , Naigino Rose , Musinguzi Joshua , Van Geertruyden Jean-Pierre , Wanyenze Rhoda K. 
Published: May 2021

Background
High uptake and optimal adherence to Option B+ antiretroviral therapy (ART) increase effectiveness in averting mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Option B+ ART uptake, early adherence, and associated factors need to be evaluated in Central Uganda.

Methods
A mixed approaches study was carried out in six health facilities in Masaka, Mityana, and Luwero districts from October 2013 to February 2016. Questionnaires were administered to 507 HIV positive pregnant females seeking antenatal care services. Key informant interviews were conducted with 54 health providers, and in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 57 HIV positive women on Option B+ ART. Quantitative data were analyzed using log-binomial regression model to determine factors associated with optimal adherence (taking at least 95% of the prescribed ART), while thematic analysis was used on qualitative data.

Results
Ninety one percent of women (463/507) received a prescription of life long ART. Of these, 93.3% (432/463) started swallowing their medicines. Overall, 83% of women who received ART prescriptions (310/374) felt they were ready to initiate ART immediately. Main motivating factors to swallow ART among those who received a prescription were women’s personal desire to be healthy (92.3%) and desire to protect their babies (90.6%). Optimal adherence to ART was achieved by 76.8% (315/410). Adherence was higher among females who were ready to start ART (adj. PR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.15–8.79) and those who had revealed their HIV positive result to someone (adj. PR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04–1.46). Facilitators of ART uptake from qualitative findings included adequate counseling, willingness to start, and knowing the benefits of ART. Reasons for refusal to start ART included being unready to start ART, fear to take ART for life, doubt of HIV positive results, and preference for local herbs. Reasons for non-adherence were travelling far away from health facilities, fear of side effects, non-disclosure of HIV results to anyone, and perception that the baby is safe from HIV infection post-delivery.

Conclusions
Uptake of Option B+ ART was very high. However, failure to start swallowing ART and sub-optimal adherence are a major public health concern. Enhancing women’s readiness to start ART and encouraging HIV result revelation could improve ART uptake and adherence.
Application of data mining technology in detecting network intrusion and security maintenance
Authors: Zhu Yongkuan , Gaba Gurjot Singh , Almansour Fahad M. , Alroobaea Roobaea , Masud Mehedi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to correct the deficiencies of intrusion detection technology, the entire computer and network security system are needed to be more perfect. This work proposes an improved k-means algorithm and an improved Apriori algorithm applied in data mining technology to detect network intrusion and security maintenance. The classical KDDCUP99 dataset has been utilized in this work for performing the experimentation with the improved algorithms. The algorithm’s detection rate and false alarm rate are compared with the experimental data before the improvement. The outcomes of proposed algorithms are analyzed in terms of various simulation parameters like average time, false alarm rate, absolute error as well as accuracy value. The results show that the improved algorithm advances the detection efficiency and accuracy using the designed detection model. The improved and tested detection model is then applied to a new intrusion detection system. After intrusion detection experiments, the experimental results show that the proposed system improves detection accuracy and reduces the false alarm rate. A significant improvement of 90.57% can be seen in detecting new attack type intrusion detection using the proposed algorithm.
Simultaneous effects of Brownian motion and thermophoretic force on Eyring–Powell fluid through porous geometry
Authors: Hussain Farooq , Subia Gener S. , Nazeer Mubbashar , Ghafar M. M. , Ali Zulfiqar , Hussain A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current study addresses the influences of Brownian motion and thermophoretic force on non-Newtonian fluid flow. Eyring–Powell fluid serves as the base fluid for heat and mass transfer through a porous channel. Buongiorno model for nanofluid is incorporated into the convection–diffusion equation to investigate the random motion of tiny spherical particles. Additional contributions of viscous dissipation and thermal radiation have also been applied by formulating two different types of flows. A system of nonlinear coupled differential equations is solved with the help of the “regular perturbation method”. For the limiting case, a numerical solution is obtained to validate the computational results with existing literature and it is found to be in complete agreement. Eventually, it is inferred that the heat transfer rate dominates in nanofluid flow due to the moving plate, while the mass transfer is more prominent in generalized Couette nanoflow of Eyring–Powell fluid.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Artikel Jurnal Nasional Terakreditasi dan Internasional Bereputasi Sebagai Implementasi Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 Di Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Authors: Sukendar Astria Yulia Satyarini , Raissa Amanda , Michael Tomy 
Published: May 2021

A journal is a scientific work that is owned by one or several people who are competent in their field and published by an agency (institution). Journals have an urgency for the world of education, especially at the tertiary level. Journals are always renewable because each year there will be new journals that can be used as references to write scientific papers or scientific papers. This is the reason why it is very important for education actors to know and understand about accredited national journals and international journals. The existence of training on the making of accredited and internationally reputed journal articles is an implementation of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. Keywords: Journal Training, Accredited National Journal, International Journal Abstrak:Jurnal merupakan karya ilmiah yang dimiliki oleh seorang atau beberapa orang yang berkompeten di dalam bidangnya dan diterbitkan oleh suatu instansi (lembaga). Jurnal memilki urgensi bagi dunia pendidikan khususnya di tingkat perguruan tinggi. Jurnal selalu bersifat terbarukan karena setiap tahunnya akan ada jurnal-jurnal baru yang dapat dijadikan referensi untuk menulis suatu karya ilmiah atau pun tulisan ilmiah. Hal ini menjadi alasan mengapa sangat penting seorang pelaku pendidikan untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang jurnal nasional terakreditasi mau pun jurnal internasional. Adanya pelatihan pembuatan artikel jurnal nasional terakreditasi dan internasional bereputasi ini sebagai implementasi dari Undang–Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Kata kunci: Pelatihan Jurnal, Jurnal Nasional Terakreditasi, Jurnal Internasional Bereputasi
Mewujudkan Akses Terhadap Hukum Bagi Masyarakat Melalui Penyuluhan Serta Konsultasi Hukum Di Kelurahan Jatimulya, Depok
Authors: Wijaya Endra , Bachri Rifkiyati , Apriani Luh Rina , Rosida Nina , Wardani Aprilia , Padayanti Kris 
Published: May 2021

Some people of Jatimulya Village, Cilodong, Depok, West Java, still could not understand clearly and faced difficulty in accessing law or legal instrument. Regarding to that, university through its faculty of law could take a part to overcome such condition. The faculty of law is able to conduct a kind of community service activity, namely socialization and public legal consultation. This study is based on information collected during the socialization and public legal consultation was held by Faculty of Law Pancasila University in Jatimulya Village. This study concludes that through the socialization and public legal consultation, the synergy between society, local government, and higher education institution could be tightened and also it would help the realization of better access to justice for all. Keywords: access to justice; public legal consultation; socialization Abstrak:Sebagian warga masyarakat Kelurahan Jatimulya, Cilodong, Depok, Jawa Barat, masih kesulitan dalam memahami hukum dan mengakses hukum. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, perguruan tinggi, terutama melalui fakultas hukumnya, bisa melakukan kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi hukum massal bagi warga masyarakat. Hal seperti inilah yang telah dilakukan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pancasila. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi hukum massal ternyata bisa membawa dampak yang positif bagi pihak masyarakat yang masih belum begitu paham terhadap hukum, pihak pemerintah daerah sebagai otoritas penyedia layanan publik, dan juga bagi pihak institusi perguruan tinggi, khususnya fakultas hukum. Sinergi ketiga pihak tersebut dalam mewujudkan akses hukum yang baik pun dapat dibantu melalui kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi hukum massal. Kata kunci: akses terhadap hukum; konsultasi hukum massal; penyuluhan hukum
Prognostic Communication Between Oncologists and Parents of Children With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Kaye Erica C. , Stall Melanie , Woods Cameka , Velrajan Srilakshmi , Gattas Melanie , Lemmon Monica , Baker Justin N. , Mack Jennifer W. 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Parents of children with cancer perceive deficits in quality of prognostic communication. How oncologists disclose information about disease progression and incurability and how prognostic communication impacts parental understanding of prognosis are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to (1) characterize communication strategies used by pediatric oncologists to share prognostic information across a child’s advancing illness course and (2) explore relationships between different communication approaches and concordance of oncologist-parent prognostic understanding.

METHODS:
In this prospective, longitudinal, mixed-methods study, serial disease reevaluation conversations were audio recorded across an advancing illness course for children with cancer and their families. Surveys and interviews also were conducted with oncologists and caregivers at specific time points targeting disease progression.

RESULTS:
Seventeen children experienced advancing illness on study, resulting in 141 recordings (40 hours). Fewer than 4% of recorded dialogue constituted prognostic communication, with most codes (77%) occurring during discussions about frank disease progression. Most recordings at study entry contained little or no prognosis communication dialogue, and oncologists rated curability lower than parents across all dyads. Parent-oncologist discordance typically was preceded by conversations without incurability statements; ultimately, concordance was achieved in most cases after the oncologist made direct statements about incurability. Content analysis revealed 3 distinct patterns (absent, deferred, and seed planting) describing the provision of prognostic communication across an advancing pediatric cancer course.

CONCLUSIONS:
When oncologists provided direct statements about incurability, prognostic understanding appeared to improve. Further research is needed to determine optimal timing for prognostic disclosure in alignment with patient and family preferences.