bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel intronic circular RNA, circGNG7, inhibits head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by blocking the phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 at Ser78 and Ser82
Authors: Ju Houyu , Hu Zhenrong , Wei Dongliang , Huang Jinyun , Zhang Xinyi , Rui Mengyu , Li Zhi , Zhang Xiaomeng , Hu Jingzhou , Guo Wei , Ren Guoxin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing evidence that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant role in pathological processes including tumorigenesis. In contrast to exonic circRNAs, which are the most frequently reported circRNAs in cancer so far, the studies of intronic circRNAs have been greatly lagged behind. Here, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role of intronic circRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsWe conducted whole‐transcriptome sequencing with four pairs of primary tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from HNSCC patients. Then, we characterized circGNG7 expression in HNSCC tissues and cell lines and explored its association with the prognosis of HNSCC patients. We also identified interactions between circGNG7 and functional proteins, which alter downstream signaling that regulate HNSCC progression.ResultsIn this study, we identified a new intronic circRNA, circGNG7, and validated its functional roles in HNSCC progression. CircGNG7 was predominately localized to the cytoplasm, and its expression was downregulated in both HNSCC tissues andCAL27, CAL33, SCC4, SCC9, HN6, and HN30 cells. Low expression of circGNG7 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. Consistent with this finding, overexpression of circGNG7 strongly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, in vitro migration, and in vivo tumor growth. Mechanistically, the expression of circGNG7 in HNSCC cells was regulated by the transcription factor SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4). Importantly, we discovered that circGNG7 could bind to serine residues 78 and 82 of the functional heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), occupying its phosphorylation sites and hindering its phosphorylation, which reduced HSP27‐JNK/P38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) oncogenic signaling. Downregulation of circGNG7 expression in HNSCC increased HSP27‐JNK/P38 MAPK signaling and promoted tumor progression.ConclusionsOur results revealed that a new intronic circRNA, circGNG7, functions as a strong tumor suppressor and that circGNG7/HSP27‐JNK/P38 MAPK signaling is a novel mechanism by which HNSCC progression can be controlled.
Merestinib monotherapy or in combination for japanese patients with advanced and/or metastatic cancer: A phase 1 study
Authors: Doi Toshihiko , Yamamoto Noboru , Naito Yoichi , Kuboki Yasutoshi , Koyama Takafumi , Piao Yongzhe , Tsujimoto Naoto , Asou Hiroya , Inoue Koichi , Kondo Shunsuke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis phase 1, multi‐center, nonrandomized, open‐label, dose‐escalation study consisted of Part A wherein merestinib 80 or 120 mg (40‐mg tablets) was administered orally QD during a 28‐day cycle to patients diagnosed with solid tumors and Part B wherein merestinib 80 mg (40‐mg tablets) was administered orally QD, and cisplatin 25 mg/m2 + gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 administered IV on Day 1 and Day 8 of a 21‐day cycle (for a maximum of eight cycles) to patients diagnosed with biliary tract carcinoma (BTC). Nineteen patients were screened and 18 patients were (Part A, n = 10; Part B, n = 8) enrolled in the trial and received treatment. All patients in Parts A and B were from Japan and were within an age range of 43–73 years, with an ECOG PS of 0.1. No dose‐limiting toxicity or deaths were experienced in the study. Dose‐limiting toxicity equivalent toxicity of Grade 4 platelet count decreased (n = 1) and was observed in Part B. In Part A, treatment‐related Grade ≥3 TEAEs were reported in one patient (PT: ALT increased and AST increased), while in Part B, five patients reported treatment‐related Grade ≥3 TEAEs with four of the five patients reporting an event of neutrophil count decreased. No complete response was reported in either Part. One patient in Part B reported partial response while four patients in each part reported stable disease. Merestinib monotherapy was concluded to be tolerable in Japanese patients, and its combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine is a tolerable regimen for Japanese patients with BTC.Trial registration: NCT03027284 (ClinicalTrials.gov) registered on 23 January 2017.
TET‐Like Oxidation in 5‐Methylcytosine and Derivatives: A Computational and Experimental Study
Authors: Jonasson Niko S. W. , Janßen Rachel , Menke Annika , Zott Fabian L. , Zipse Hendrik , Daumann Lena J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe epigenetic marker 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) is an important factor in DNA modification and epigenetics. It can be modified through a three‐step oxidation performed by ten‐eleven‐translocation (TET) enzymes and we have previously reported that the iron(IV)‐oxo complex [Fe(O)(Py5Me2H)]2+ (1) can oxidize 5mC. Here, we report the reactivity of this iron(IV)‐oxo complex towards a wider scope of methylated cytosine and uracil derivatives relevant for synthetic DNA applications, such as 1‐methylcytosine (1mC), 5‐methyl‐iso‐cytosine (5miC) and thymine (T/5mU). The observed kinetic parameters are corroborated by calculation of the C−H bond energies at the reactive sites which was found to be an efficient tool for reaction rate prediction of 1 towards methylated DNA bases. We identified oxidation products of methylated cytosine derivatives using HPLC‐MS and GC‐MS. Thereby, we shed light on the impact of the methyl group position and resulting C−H bond dissociation energies on reactivity towards TET‐like oxidation.
Knockdown of YKL‐40 inhibits angiogenesis through regulation of VEGF/VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 signaling in endometrial cancer
Authors: Chen Hong‐Yan , Zhou Zhao‐Yu , Luo Yan‐Lu , Luo Qin , Fan Jiang‐Tao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStudies have demonstrated that small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting YKL‐40 (siYKL‐40) inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induces antiapoptotic abilities of endometrial cancer (EC) HEC‐1A cells. However, its effect on angiogenesis is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of YKL‐40 in endometrial cancer and the related molecular mechanisms. YKL‐40 was knocked down by transfection with siYKL‐40 and the effects on angiogenesis, cell viability, and signaling pathways were investigated. The results showed that siYKL‐40 inhibited VEGFA levels and tube formation in endothelial cells. Additionally, inhibition of YKL‐40 decreased the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphorylated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2), and phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Furthermore, a nude mice xenograft model of EC showed that siYKL‐40 inhibited tumor growth. Inhibition of YKL‐40 led to suppression of angiogenesis and reduction of microvessel density through VEGF/VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 signaling in endometrial cancer cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated novel molecular mechanisms for role of YKL‐40 in EC.
This is the best generation, for now
Authors: Butman Samuel M. 
Published: September 2021

Key Points
In coronary bifurcation stenting, second‐generation stents appear equal in safety and efficacy.
The above statement is written with some trepidation given that only retrospective registry data are available.
Further improvements in bifurcation interventions are yet to come and should only make interventions easier, safer, with even better long‐term outcomes.
Ru0.05Ce0.95O2 Solid Solution Derived Ru Catalyst Enables Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of m‐Cresol to Toluene
Authors: Fu Desen , Wu Xiaoxia , Cui Beilei , Guo Yonghua , Wang Hua , Han Jinyu , Ge Qingfeng , Zhu Xinli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of biomass lignin‐derived phenolic compounds to aromatics is a demanding reaction. Oxophilic Ru based catalysts can catalyze direct deoxygenation but suffer from competing C−C hydrogenolysis to CH4 at 350 °C and hydrogenation of phenyl ring at 250 °C under atmospheric pressure. In this work, a solid solution Ru0.05Ce0.95O2 catalyst was hydrothermally synthesized, characterized and tested for HDO of m‐cresol. The Ru species is highly dispersed in the solid solution as isolated atoms and/or subnanometer clusters as a result of strong Ru−O−Ce interaction, and the catalyst shows high concentration of oxygen vacancies. In contrast to nonselective Ru/SiO2, Ru0.05Ce0.95O2 selectively catalyzes deoxygenation to toluene while significantly inhibits C−C hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation. Moreover, the overall intrinsic HDO rate on Ru0.05Ce0.95O2 is 2.2 and 8.8 times higher than those on Ru/CeO2 and Ru/SiO2, respectively. The Ru−OV−Ce sites were proposed to be the active sites for deoxygenation. Inhibition of C−C hydrogenolysis and phenyl hydrogenation can be ascribed to the reduced size of the Ru ensembles due to the strong interaction in the solid solution.
A Synergistic Magnetically Retrievable Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Metal Oxide Catalyst for Scalable Selective Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones
Authors: Mittal Rupali , Awasthi Satish Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a synergistic silica coated magnetic Fe3O4 catalyst functionalized with nitrogen rich organic moieties and immobilized with cobalt metal ion (FNP‐5) for selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones using tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant. The catalyst was rigorously characterized via several techniques which delineate its core‐shell structure, magnetic behavior, phase and crystal structure. The Co(III) acts as the active catalytic center for selective oxidation reaction. The control reactions revealed radical mechanistic pathway assisted by the synergism induced by the inorganic‐organic hybrid nature of FNP‐5. The other features of current protocol involve neat reaction conditions, high TOF values, scalability of product and low E‐factor value (1.92). Moreover, FNP‐5 could be effortlessly separated via an external magnet, displays recyclability over eight catalytic cycles and exhibits structural integrity even after rigorous use. Overall, these results manifest the understanding of synergistic architectures as sustainable surrogates for selective oxidation reactions.
Electrostatic Self‐Assembly of CoSe2 HBs/Ti3C2Tx Composites for Long‐cycle‐life Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Li , Liu Weizhe , Ma Quanhu , Xu Yongtai , Liu Ziqiang , Wang Gaowei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSodium ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as one of the most promising energy storage devices owing to lower cost and higher energy/power density. However, limited cycling life and poor rate capability of selectable materials restrict their worldwide application. To regulate the material's structure at the nanoscale, reducing volume expansion and increasing the intrinsic conductivity are two positive strategies to deal with these issues. Herein, CoSe2 Hollow Boxes/Ti3C2Tx flakes composites (CoSe2 HBs/Ti3C2Tx) is designed and fabricated based on electrostatic self‐assembly. Benefitting from the structural and compositional advantages, synergistic effects between the high conductivity and large layer spacing structure of Ti3C2Tx and the high capacity CoSe2 is observed. The CoSe2 HBs/Ti3C2Tx composites exhibit excellent rate capability (Average specific capacities of CoSe2 HBs/Ti3C2Tx are 225.8, 210.5, 194.6, 169.9, 153.2, and 135.8 mAh g−1 at current densities of 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 mA g−1, respectively, and it could rapidly assume a reversible capacity when the current density changed back to small value, 199.1 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1), exceptional cycling life (3000 cycles), and ∼100 % high coulombic efficiency. Such composites can be considered as another promising candidate for high performance energy storage devices.
The Introduction of a Cysteine Residue Modulates The Mechanical Properties of Aromatic‐Based Solid Aggregates and Self‐Supporting Hydrogels
Authors: Diaferia Carlo , Rosa Elisabetta , Balasco Nicole , Sibillano Teresa , Morelli Giancarlo , Giannini Cinzia , Vitagliano Luigi , Accardo Antonella 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPeptide‐based hydrogels, originated by multiscale self‐assembling phenomenon, have been proposed as multivalent tools in different technological areas. Structural studies and molecular dynamics simulations pointed out the capability of completely aromatic peptides to gelificate if hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces are opportunely balanced. Here, the effect produced by the introduction of a Cys residue in the heteroaromatic sequence of (FY)3 and in its PEGylated variant was evaluated. The physicochemical characterization indicates that both FYFCFYF and PEG8‐FYFCFYF are able to self‐assemble in supramolecular nanostructures whose basic cross‐β motif resembles the one detected in the ancestor (FY)3 assemblies. However, gelification occurs only for FYFCFYF at a concentration of 1.5 wt%. After cross‐linking of cysteine residues, the hydrogel undergoes to an improvement of the rigidity compared to the parent (FY)3 assemblies as suggested by the storage modulus (G’) that increases from 970 to 3360 Pa. The mechanical properties of FYFCFYF are compatible with its potential application in bone tissue regeneration. Moreover, the avalaibility of a Cys residue in the middle of the peptide sequence could allow the hydrogel derivatization with targeting moieties or with biologically relevant molecules.
Composing NLO Chromophore as a Puzzle: Electrochemistry‐based Approach to Design and Effectiveness
Authors: Dudkina Yulia B. , Kalinin Alexey A. , Fazleeva Guzel M. , Sharipova Sirina M. , Islamova Liliya N. , Dobrynin Alexey B. , Islamov Daut R. , Levitskaya Alina I. , Balakina Marina Yu. , Budnikova Yulia H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of D‐π‐A, D‐π‐D′‐π‐A, D‐π‐A′‐π‐A nonlinear optical chromophores with vinylene π‐electron bridges or bridges with π‐deficient/π‐excessive heterocyclic moieties along with the corresponding precursors D‐vinylene, D‐π‐D′, D′‐π‐A, D‐π‐A′ and A′‐π‐A are synthesized and studied both experimentally and computationally. The effect of the heterocycle in the π‐electron bridge on the oxidation/reduction potentials and the energy gap (ΔEel) is investigated in detail. The properties of the D‐π‐A′(D′)‐π‐A chromophores are shown to correlate with those of building blocks: the oxidation potential is determined by the D‐vinylene, and the reduction potential is determined by A′(D′)‐π‐A truncated compounds. The contribution of the acceptor to the oxidation potential of chromophores in comparison with those of the precursors was estimated and analyzed in terms of electronic communication between the end groups. A good correlation between the ΔEel and the chromophores’ first hyperpolarizability is revealed.
Mirror‐Image Cofacial Coronene Dimers Characterized by CD and CPL Spectroscopy: A Twisted Bilayer Nanographene
Authors: Uehara Keiji , Kano Haruka , Matsuo Kyohei , Hayashi Hironobu , Fujiki Michiya , Yamada Hiroko , Aratani Naoki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBilayer graphene (BLG), which changes its electronic properties significantly depending on the interplanar distance and rotation angle, is a hot research topic. We successfully synthesized discrete BLG models by bridging two coronenes with a 1,8‐naphthalene linkage (C2). Owing to the large rotational energy, the syn‐ and anti‐atropisomers of C2 could be isolated. X‐ray crystallographic analysis revealed that the syn‐form (C2S) is an AB stacking type and the anti‐form (C2A) is a chiral twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) type. Therefore, the anti‐form of C2 was optically resolved and characterized by circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy. The Cotton effect was observed in the CD spectra at the longest absorption wavelength, and the corresponding bisignate CPL spectra were observed. The dissymmetry factors |glum| of C2A were found to be 2.0×10−3 at 435 nm and 1.2×10−3 at 450 nm.
Determining the Phase Separation Characteristics of Plant Proteins
Authors: Liu Qing , Liu Yang , Li Qi , Qian Weiqiang , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEukaryotic cells contain numerous membrane‐bound and membraneless organelles that provide spatiotemporal control for diverse biological processes. The liquid–liquid phase separation of proteins has been proposed as the driving force behind the formation of membraneless organelles. Here, we describe a method to determine the phase separation activities of proteins in plants. This basic method includes protocols for an in vivo fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assay in Nicotiana benthamiana using transient expression, an in vitro liquid droplet reconstitution assay using purified recombinant proteins, and an in vivo fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assay in Arabidopsis thaliana using stable transgenic plants. With these assays, the phase separation characteristics of a protein can be determined. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Detection of protein phase separation activities in N. benthamianaSupport Protocol: Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assayBasic Protocol 2: Detection of protein phase separation in vitroBasic Protocol 3: Detection of protein phase separation in stable transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants
Enhanced vibrational resonance by an amplitude modulated signal in a nonlinear dissipative two‐fluid plasma model
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari B. , Amutha K. , Chinnathambi V. , Rajasekar S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe phenomenon of vibrational resonance is studied in a nonlinear dissipative two‐fluid plasma model with an asymmetric single‐well and double‐well potentials driven by an amplitude modulated (AM) signal. The external signal consisting of a low‐frequency () component and two high‐frequencies () and () components with . First, the approximate analytical expression for the response amplitude Q at the low frequency is obtained by means of direct separation of the slow and fast motions. We verified the theoretical results by numerical simulation using fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method and found it is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. We show the enhanced response amplitude at the low frequency , showing more number of resonance peaks, a non‐decay of the response amplitude and hysteresis, and a jump phenomenon on the response amplitude curve due to the AM signal. In addition, we studied the effect of nonlinear dissipation on the response amplitude curve. By exploring the phase portrait and the bifurcation diagram, we explain the resonance mechanism and account for the other features of the resonance curve.
Cytologic diagnosis of “atypical” in serous fluid cytopathology. Approach of the international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology
Authors: Chandra Ashish , Schmitt Fernando 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDiagnostic uncertainty may occur with almost any entity on cytological evaluation, depending on the quality and quantity of the provided sample. In serous fluid cytopathology, until recently, there had been no defined or agreed criteria for atypia and suspicious categories. Historically, the two descriptive terms appear to have been used almost interchangeably. The international system for serous fluid cytopathology is the first attempt by an expert international authorship to suggest the scenarios in which these terms are used and propose some diagnostic criteria and clinical management strategies.
Adult facilitation becomes competition as juvenile soapberry bugs age
Authors: Cenzer Meredith 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntraspecific interactions can change from facilitative to competitive depending on the organism's ontogeny. In plant‐feeding insects, host plant defenses can be strengthened or weakened by insect feeding and can therefore be important for determining whether two insects feeding on the same plant help or harm each other's fitness. Here, I conducted two experiments looking at the direct effect of a physical seed defense and the role of intraspecific facilitation in reducing the effects of that defense for juveniles of the red‐shouldered soapberry bug. I demonstrate that juveniles are severely inhibited by the tough seed coat of their host plant, leading to high mortality early in development. Adults, in contrast, can create holes through which younger individuals could potentially feed. I manipulated whether or not seeds were fed on by adults on two host plant species: a well‐defended native host and a poorly defended introduced host. Survival in the first week of development was dramatically improved by prior adult feeding, and this facilitation was stronger on the well‐defended host plant. However, the benefits of prior adult feeding ceased after the first week of development and shifted to having a negative effect on survival, development time, and body size. These results indicate that ontogeny is a key factor determining the effects of plant defenses and the strength and direction of intraspecific interactions across multiple host plant species.
Manduca sexta experience high parasitoid pressures in the field but minor fitness costs of consuming plant secondary compounds
Authors: Jacobsen Deidra J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Plant‐herbivore coevolutionary interactions have led to a range of plant defenses that minimize insect damage and a suite of counter adaptations that allow herbivores to feed on defended plants. Consuming plant secondary compounds results in herbivore growth and developmental costs but can have beneficial effects such as deterrence or harm of parasitoid enemies. Therefore, the role of secondary compounds on herbivore fitness must be considered in the context of the abundance and level of harm from natural enemies and the costs herbivores incur feeding on plant secondary compounds.

In this study, I combined field measurements of Cotesia congregata wasp parasitism pressure with detailed measurements of the costs of plant secondary compounds across developmental stages in the herbivore host, Manduca sexta.

I show that C. congregata parasitoids exert large negative selective pressures, killing 31%–57% of M. sexta larvae in the field. Manduca sexta developed fastest during instars most at risk for parasitoid oviposition but growth was slowed by consumption of plant secondary compounds. The negative effects of consuming plant secondary compounds as larvae influenced adult size traits but there were no immune, survival, or fecundity costs.

These results suggest that developmental costs experienced by M. sexta herbivores consuming defensive compounds are minor in comparison to the strong negative survival pressures from abundant parasitoid enemies.