bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel stability and passivity analysis for three types of nonlinear LRC circuits
Authors: Ates Muzaffer , Kadah Nezir 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the global asymptotic stability and strict passivity of three types of nonlinear RLC circuits are investigated by utilizing the Lyapunov direct method. The stability conditions are obtained by constructing appropriate Lyapunov function, which demonstrates the practical application of the Lyapunov theory with a clear perspective. The meaning of Lyapunov functions is not clear by many specialists whose studies based on Lyapunov theory. They construct Lyapunov functions by using some properties of Lyapunov functions with much trial and errors or for a system choose candidate Lyapunov functions. So, for a given system Lyapunov function is not unique. But we insist that Lyapunov (energy) function is unique for a given physical system. In this study we highly simplified Lyapunov’s direct method with suitable tools. Our approach constructing energy function based on power-energy relationship that also enable us to take the derivative of integration of energy function. These aspects have not been addressed in the literature. This paper is an attempt towards filling this gap. The results are provided within and are of central importance for the analysis of nonlinear electrical, mechanical, and neural systems which based on the system energy perspective. The simulation results given from Matlab successfully verifies the theoretical predictions.
A Time Marching Integration for Semianalytical Solutions of Nonlinear Oscillators Based on Synchronization
Authors: Yao R. Z. , Chen Y. M. , Liu Q. X. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An efficient method is proposed in this study for solving the semi-analytical solutions of periodic responses of nonlinear oscillators. The basic ideas come from the fact that any periodic response can be described by Fourier series. By transforming the Fourier series into a system of harmonic oscillators, we thus establish an efficient numerical scheme for tracking the periodic responses, as long as a synchronized motion can be achieved between the system of harmonic oscillators and the nonlinear oscillators considered. The presented method can be implemented by conducting time marching integration only, but it is capable of providing semi-analytical solutions straightforwardly. Different from some widely used methods such as harmonic balance method and its improved forms, this method can solve solutions involving high order harmonics without incorporating any tedious derivations as it is totally a numerical scheme. Several typical oscillators with smooth as well as nonsmooth nonlinearities are taken as numerical examples to test the validity and efficiency.
Clinical supervisors’ perceptions of podiatry students’ preparedness for clinical placement and graduates’ preparedness for podiatry practice in Australia: An exploratory study
Authors: Reynolds Katrina , McLean Michelle 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Little is known about Australian podiatry students’ preparedness for clinical placement and graduates’ preparedness for clinical practice. This qualitative study explored clinical supervisors’ perceptions of podiatry students’ and graduates’ preparedness-related challenges and their recommendations for improvement.Methods: Eleven registered podiatrists who had supervised or were still supervising students were interviewed. Transcribed interviews were thematically analysed. Benner’s (1984) stages of clinical competence from novice to expert informed the study.Results: Clinical supervisors were divided about students’ preparedness for clinical placements, with their perceptions ranging from generally prepared (n = 2) to unsure (n = 5) to unprepared (n = 4). They commented on junior versus senior students, institutional differences and specific clinical skill deficiencies, e.g., scalpel debridement and patient communication skills. Perceived challenges for students on placement included poorly developed clinical skills and low self-efficacy, both stemming primarily from insufficient hands-on experience. Participants suggested that for improved placement preparedness, students required better quality clinical experiences and communication skills training. Being work-ready, which most graduating Australian podiatrists were reported to be, involved being safe and self-efficacious. Participants also suggested that a supportive clinical environment, an internship and more advanced interpersonal skills would facilitate preparedness. Conclusion: In terms of Benner’s (1984) framework, during training, podiatry students should be considered novices, and they should be considered advanced beginners on graduation. An entry-level graduate should not be expected to be competent across all areas of clinical practice. Hands-on clinical practice during placements was needed for moving successfully through Benner’s (1984) stages of clinical competence. While clinical supervisors believed that podiatry training generally prepared students for clinical practice immediately following graduation, they asserted that manual clinical and communication skills improvement is required for clinical placements.
Detection of subclinical rheumatic heart disease in children using a deep learning algorithm on digital stethoscope: a study protocol
Authors: Ali Fatima , Hasan Babar , Ahmad Huzaifa , Hoodbhoy Zahra , Bhuriwala Zainab , Hanif Muhammad , Ansari Shahab U , Chowdhury Devyani 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionRheumatic heart diseases (RHDs) contribute significant morbidity and mortality globally. To reduce the burden of RHD, timely initiation of secondary prophylaxis is important. The objectives of this study are to determine the frequency of subclinical RHD and to train a deep learning (DL) algorithm using waveform data from the digital auscultatory stethoscope (DAS) in predicting subclinical RHD.Methods and analysisWe aim to recruit 1700 children from a group of schools serving the underprivileged over a 12-month period in Karachi (Pakistan). All consenting students within the age of 5–15 years with no underlying congenital heart disease will be eligible for the study. We will gather information regarding sociodemographics, anthropometric data, history of symptoms or diagnosis of rheumatic fever, phonocardiogram (PCG) and electrocardiography (ECG) data obtained from DAS. Handheld echocardiogram will be performed on each study participant to assess the presence of a mitral regurgitation (MR) jet (>1.5 cm), or the presence of aortic regurgitation (AR) in any view. If any of these findings are present, a confirmatory standard echocardiogram using the World Heart Federation (WHF) will be performed to confirm the diagnosis of subclinical RHD. The auscultatory data from digital stethoscope will be used to train the deep neural network for the automatic identification of patients with subclinical RHD. The proposed neural network will be trained in a supervised manner using labels from standard echocardiogram of the participants. Once trained, the neural network will be able to automatically classify the DAS data in one of the three major categories—patient with definite RHD, patient with borderline RHD and normal subject. The significance of the results will be confirmed by standard statistical methods for hypothesis testing.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been taken from the Aga Khan University, Pakistan. Findings will be disseminated through scientific publications and to collaborators.Article focusThis study focuses on determining the frequency of subclinical RHD in school-going children in Karachi, Pakistan and developing a DL algorithm to screen for this condition using a digital stethoscope.
Effect of smoke-free legislation on respiratory health services use in children with asthma: a population-based open cohort study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: To Teresa , Fong Ivy , Zhu Jingqin , McGihon Rachel , Zhang Kimball , Terebessy Emilie 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveThis study will add to existing literature by examining the impact of smoke-free legislation in outdoor areas among children with asthma. We aimed to examine the effect of the 2015 Smoke-Free Ontario Act (SFOA) amendment, which prohibited smoking on patios, playgrounds and sports fields, on health services use (HSU) rates in children with asthma.MethodsWe conducted a population-based open cohort study using health administrative data from the province of Ontario, Canada. Each year, all Ontario residents aged 0–18 years with physician diagnosed asthma were included in the study. Annual rates of HSU (emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalisations and physician office visits) for asthma and asthma-related conditions (eg, bronchitis, allergic rhinitis, influenza and pneumonia) were calculated. Interrupted time-series analysis, accounting for seasonality, was used to estimate changes in HSU following the 2015 SFOA.ResultsThe study population ranged from 618 957 individuals in 2010 to 498 812 in 2018. An estimated average increase in ED visits for asthma in infants aged 0–1 years of 0.42 per 100 individuals (95% CI: 0.09 to 0.75) and a 57% relative increase corresponding to the 2015 SFOA was observed. A significant decrease in ED visits for asthma-related conditions of 0.19 per 100 individuals (95% CI: −0.37 to –0.01) and a 22% relative decrease corresponding to the 2015 SFOA was observed.ConclusionBased on the observed positive effect of restricting smoking on patios, playgrounds and sports fields on respiratory morbidity in children with asthma, other jurisdictions globally should consider implementing similar smoke-free policies.
Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Corney Kayla B , Pasco Julie A , Stuart Amanda L , West Emma C , Quirk Shae E , Azimi Manavi Behnaz , Williams Lana J 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease has a high prevalence and a substantial impact on society, as well as the individual. Findings from clinical studies to date, suggest that multiple factors are likely to contribute to the variability seen in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. However, despite this accumulating evidence, current identified factors do not explain the full extent of disease onset. Thus, the role of additional factors needs to be explored further.One such factor is exposure to adverse childhood experiences. However, the degree of this association is unknown. This systematic review will examine the literature investigating the associations between adverse childhood experiences and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.Methods and analysisArticles investigating associations between exposure to adverse childhood experiences and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease will be identified systematically by searching CINAHL, MEDLINE and PsycInfo using Ebscohost. No restrictions on date of publication will be applied. The search strategy will be built combining the main key elements of the Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcomes inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis is planned and statistical methods will be used to identify and control for heterogeneity, if possible. The development of this protocol was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols.Ethics and disseminationOnly published data will be used for this study, thus, ethical approval will not be required. Findings of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal, and presented at national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020191439.
Pooled safety analysis of tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Levine John E , Grupp Stephan A , Pulsipher Michael A , Dietz Andrew C , Rives Susana , Myers G Douglas , August Keith J , Verneris Michael R , Buechner Jochen , Laetsch Theodore W , Bittencourt Henrique , Baruchel Andre , Boyer Michael W , De Moerloose Barbara , Qayed Muna , Davies Stella M , Phillips Christine L , Driscoll Timothy A , Bader Peter , Schlis Krysta , Wood Patricia A , Mody Rajen , Yi Lan , Leung Mimi , Eldjerou Lamis K , June Carl H , Maude Shannon L 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundTisagenlecleucel, an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, has demonstrated efficacy in children and young adults with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in two multicenter phase 2 trials (ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT02435849(ELIANA) andNCT02228096(ENSIGN)), leading to commercialization of tisagenlecleucel for the treatment of patients up to age 25 years with B-ALL that is refractory or in second or greater relapse.MethodsA pooled analysis of 137 patients from these trials (ELIANA: n=79; ENSIGN: n=58) was performed to provide a comprehensive safety profile for tisagenlecleucel.ResultsGrade 3/4 tisagenlecleucel-related adverse events (AEs) were reported in 77% of patients. Specific AEs of interest that occurred ≤8 weeks postinfusion included cytokine-release syndrome (CRS; 79% (grade 4: 22%)), infections (42%; grade 3/4: 19%), prolonged (not resolved by day 28) cytopenias (40%; grade 3/4: 34%), neurologic events (36%; grade 3: 10%; no grade 4 events), and tumor lysis syndrome (4%; all grade 3). Treatment for CRS included tocilizumab (40%) and corticosteroids (23%). The frequency of neurologic events increased with CRS severity (p<0.001). Median time to resolution of grade 3/4 cytopenias to grade ≤2 was 2.0 (95% CI 1.87 to 2.23) months for neutropenia, 2.4 (95% CI 1.97 to 3.68) months for lymphopenia, 2.0 (95% CI 1.87 to 2.27) months for leukopenia, 1.9 (95% CI 1.74 to 2.10) months for thrombocytopenia, and 1.0 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.87) month for anemia. All patients who achieved complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery experienced B cell aplasia; however, as nearly all responders also received immunoglobulin replacement, few grade 3/4 infections occurred >1 year postinfusion.ConclusionsThis pooled analysis provides a detailed safety profile for tisagenlecleucel during the course of clinical trials, and AE management guidance, with a longer follow-up duration compared with previous reports.
Non-invasive assessment of plasma parameters inside an ion thruster combining optical emission spectroscopy and principal component analysis
Authors: Nauschütt Benny T. , Chen Limei , Holste Kristof , Klar Peter J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present a non-invasive approach for determining plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density inside a radio-frequency ion thruster (RIT) using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA). Instead of relying on a theoretical microscopic model of the plasma emission to extract plasma parameters from the OES, an empirical correlation is established on the basis of conducting simultaneous OES and Langmuir diagnostics. The measured reference spectra are simplified and a PCA is performed. The PCA results are correlated with the plasma parameters of the Langmuir measurements yielding a one-to-one correspondence. This correlation allows us to derive the plasma parameters by analysis of a non-invasively determined emission spectrum without additional Langmuir measurements. We show how the plasma parameters can be calculated from OES measurements using this correlation. Under the assumption that the electronic system thermalizes on much shorter time scales than the period of the RF signal driving the thruster, we can also use time-resolved spectral data to determine the time evolution of plasma parameters. In future, this method may contribute to shorter test and qualification times of RITs and other ion thrusters.
Exact Forecasting for COVID-19 Data: Case Study for Turkey
Authors: Dinçkal Çiğdem 
Published: August 2021

The novel coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) with the first clinical case emerged in the city of Wuhan in China in December 2019. Then it has spread to the entire world in very short time and turned into a global problem, namely, it has rapidly become a pandemic. Within this context, many studies have attempted to predict the consequences of the pandemic in certain countries. Nevertheless, these studies have focused on some parameters such as reproductive number, recovery rate and mortality rate when performing forecasting.This study aims to forecast COVID-19 data in Turkey with use of a new technique which is a combination of classical exponential smoothing and moving average. There is no need for reproductive number, recovery rate and mortality rate computation in this proposed technique.Simulations are carried out for the number of daily cases, active cases (those are cases with no symptoms), daily tests, recovering patients, patients in the intensive care unit, daily intubated patients, and deaths forecasting and results are tested on Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) criterion.It is shown that this technique captured the system dynamic behavior in Turkey and made exact predictions with the use of real time dataset.
Study on Model Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm vs. Filter Back Projection Algorithm for Diagnosis of Acute Cerebral Infarction Using CT Images
Authors: Tang Songlin , Liu Yan , Wang Zhifu , Liu Yajie , Liu Huafei 
Published: August 2021

The aim was to explore the application value of computed tomography (CT) perfusion (CTP) imaging based on the iterative model reconstruction (IMR) in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction (ACI). 80 patients with ACI, admitted to hospital, were selected as the research objects and divided randomly into a routine treatment group (group A) and a low-dose group (group B) (each group with 40 patients). Patients in group A were scanned at 80 kV–150 mAs, and the traditional filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm was employed to reconstruct the images; besides, 80 kV–30 mAs was adopted to scan the patients in group B, and the images were reconstructed by IMR1, IMR2, IMR3, iDose4 (a kind of hybrid iterative reconstruction technology), and FBP, respectively. The application values of different algorithms were evaluated by CTP based on the collected CTP images of patients and detecting indicators. The results showed that the gray and white matter CT value, SD value, SNR, CNR, and subjective image scores of patients in group B were basically consistent with those of group A (

p

> 0.05) after the IMR1 reconstruction, and the CT and SD of gray and white matter in patients from group B reduced steeply (

p

< 0.05), while SNR and CNR increased dramatically after IMR2 and IMR3 reconstruction in contrast to group A (

p

< 0.05). Furthermore, the cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), mean transit time (MTT) of contrast agent, and time to peak (TTP) of contrast agent in patients from group B after iDose4 and IMR reconstruction were basically the same as those of group A (

p

> 0.05). Therefore, IMR combined with low-dose CTP could obtain high-quality CTP images of the brain with stable perfusion indicators and low radiation dose, which could be clinically applied in the diagnosis of ACI.
A Note on the Primitive Roots and the Golomb Conjecture
Authors: Hou Yiwei , Wang Hongyan 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we use the elementary methods and the estimates for character sums to prove the following conclusion. Let

p

be a prime large enough. Then, for any positive integer

n

with

p

1
/
2

+
ɛ

≤
n
<
p

, there must exist two primitive roots

α

and

β

modulo

p

with

1
<
α
,
β
≤
n
−
1

such that the equation

n
=
α
+
β

holds, where

0
<
ɛ
<

1
/
2

is a fixed positive number. In other words,

n

can be expressed as the exact sum of two primitive roots modulo

p

.
Toeplitz Operators with

I
M
O

s

Symbols between Generalized Fock Spaces
Authors: Zhang Yiyuan , Cao Guangfu , He Li 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we study the mapping properties of Toeplitz operators

T

f

associated with

IMO

s

symbols

f

acting between two generalized Fock spaces

F

φ

p

, where

1
<
s
≤
∞

. We characterize bounded or compact Toeplitz operators

T

f

from one generalized Fock space

F

φ

p

to another

F

φ

q

, respectively, in four cases.
Combined Inhibition of SHP2 and CXCR1/2 Promotes Antitumor T-cell Response in NSCLC
Authors: Tang Kwan Ho , Li Shuai , Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Jen Jayu , Han Han , Guidry Kayla , Chen Ting , Hao Yuan , Fedele Carmine , Zebala John A. , Maeda Dean Y. , Christensen James G. , Olson Peter , Athanas Argus , Loomis Cynthia A. , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Wong Kwok-Kin , Neel Benjamin G. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

SHP2 inhibitors (SHP2i) alone and in various combinations are being tested in multiple tumors with overactivation of the RAS/ERK pathway. SHP2 plays critical roles in normal cell signaling; hence, SHP2is could influence the tumor microenvironment. We found that SHP2i treatment depleted alveolar and M2-like macrophages, induced tumor-intrinsic CCL5/CXCL10 secretion, and promoted B and T lymphocyte infiltration in Kras- and Egfr-mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, treatment also increased intratumor granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (gMDSC) via tumor-intrinsic, NFκB-dependent production of CXCR2 ligands. Other RAS/ERK pathway inhibitors also induced CXCR2 ligands and gMDSC influx in mice, and CXCR2 ligands were induced in tumors from patients on KRASG12C inhibitor trials. Combined SHP2 (SHP099)/CXCR1/2 (SX682) inhibition depleted a specific cluster of S100a8/9hi gMDSCs, generated Klrg1+ CD8+ effector T cells with a strong cytotoxic phenotype but expressing the checkpoint receptor NKG2A, and enhanced survival in Kras- and Egfr-mutant models. Our results argue for testing RAS/ERK pathway/CXCR1/2/NKG2A inhibitor combinations in patients with NSCLC.

Significance:
Our study shows that inhibiting the SHP2/RAS/ERK pathway triggers NFκB-dependent upregulation of CXCR2 ligands and recruitment of S100A8hi gMDSCs, which suppress T cells. Combining SHP2/CXCR2 inhibitors blocks gMDSC immigration, resulting in enhanced Th1 polarization, induced CD8+KLRG1+ effector T cells with high cytotoxic activity, and improved survival in multiple NSCLC models.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1
Proust contra a Degradação: gênese, infortúnios e redenção de um livro
Authors: Nogueira-Pretti Luciana Persice 
Published: August 2021

Esse artigo retraça os caminhos e descaminhos da obra Proust contra a Degradação, de Joseph Czapski (1896-1993), e os percalços de sua redação, transmissão e publicação. Esse livro transita entre memória, ensaio e testemunho histórico, e transcreve uma série de conferências proferidas entre 1940 e 1941, no interior de um gulag siberiano, sobre Proust, seu romance, e seu poder “salvador” (de acordo com o próprio autor). Livro que espelha, em certa medida, seu autor, sobrevive a perdas e esquecimentos. O autor, que é escritor, artista plástico e crítico de arte, pretendia, com ele, “fazer um tributo à literatura francesa“, mas seu belo ensaio é eclipsado por imperativos ideológicos. Escrito (manuscrito) em 1941, perdido, reescrito (em tapuscritos) entre 1943 e 1944, publicado parcialmente num jornal francês em fins de 1943, traduzido e publicado na Polônia, em 1948, e, finalmente, publicado integralmente por uma editora suíça em 1987 – para voltar a ser esquecido, durante um quarto de século, até sua redenção a partir de 2011. Convidamos à leitura da saga de um livro, que reflete seu tempo e seu contexto.

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