bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-fluorine surface modification of acetylated birch for improved water repellence
Authors: Yin Haiyan , Sedighi Moghaddam Maziar , Tuominen Mikko , Dėdinaitė Andra , Wålinder Magnus , Swerin Agne 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, a non-fluorinated surface treatment, i.e., hydrophobized silicone nanofilaments, was applied on both birch and acetylated birch wood samples via a gas-phase based reaction. A superhydrophobic behavior was observed on both the surface-modified samples as revealed by the static water contact angles (CAs) greater than 160°, also valid for samples prepared with the shortest reaction time of 1 h. The dynamic wettability behavior of the samples was studied by a multicycle Wilhelmy plate method. The surface-modified acetylated birch exhibited a pronounced enhanced water resistance, resulting in very low water uptake of 3 ± 1 wt% after 100 cycles, which was not only about 29 and 5 times lower than that of the non-surface-modified birch and acetylated birch, respectively, but also three times lower than that of the surface-modified birch. Moreover, the aesthetic appearance of the acetylated wood was maintained as the surface modification only resulted in a small color change. This work shows the potential of preparing super water-repellent wood by non-fluorinated surface modification.
A numerical study on combined baffles quick-separation device
Authors: Dehdarinejad Ehsan , Bayareh Morteza , Ashrafizaadeh Mahmud 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The transfer of particles in laminar and turbulent flows has many applications in combustion systems, biological, environmental, nanotechnology. In the present study, a Combined Baffles Quick-Separation Device (CBQSD) is simulated numerically using the Eulerian-Lagrangian method and different turbulence models of RNG k-ε, k-ω, and RSM for 1–140 μm particles. A two-way coupling technique is employed to solve the particles’ flow. The effect of inlet flow velocity, the diameter of the splitter plane, and solid particles’ flow rate on the separation efficiency of the device is examined. The results demonstrate that the RSM turbulence model provides more appropriate results compared to RNG k-ε and k-ω models. Four thousand two hundred particles with the size distribution of 1–140 µm enter the device and 3820 particles are trapped and 380 particles leave the device. The efficiency for particles with a diameter greater than 28 µm is 100%. The complete separation of 22–28 μm particles occurs for flow rates of 10–23.5 g/s, respectively. The results reveal that the separation efficiency increases by increasing the inlet velocity, the device diameter, and the diameter of the particles.
EVA 2.0: Emotional and rational multimodal argumentation between virtual agents
Authors: Rach Niklas , Weber Klaus , Yang Yuchi , Ultes Stefan , André Elisabeth , Minker Wolfgang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Persuasive argumentation depends on multiple aspects, which include not only the content of the individual arguments, but also the way they are presented. The presentation of arguments is crucial – in particular in the context of dialogical argumentation. However, the effects of different discussion styles on the listener are hard to isolate in human dialogues. In order to demonstrate and investigate various styles of argumentation, we propose a multi-agent system in which different aspects of persuasion can be modelled and investigated separately. Our system utilizes argument structures extracted from text-based reviews for which a minimal bias of the user can be assumed. The persuasive dialogue is modelled as a dialogue game for argumentation that was motivated by the objective to enable both natural and flexible interactions between the agents. In order to support a comparison of factual against affective persuasion approaches, we implemented two fundamentally different strategies for both agents: The logical policy utilizes deep Reinforcement Learning in a multi-agent setup to optimize the strategy with respect to the game formalism and the available argument. In contrast, the emotional policy selects the next move in compliance with an agent emotion that is adapted to user feedback to persuade on an emotional level. The resulting interaction is presented to the user via virtual avatars and can be rated through an intuitive interface.
Investigating GNSS multipath effects induced by co-located Radar Corner Reflectors
Authors: Fuhrmann Thomas , Garthwaite Matthew C. , McClusky Simon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Radar Corner Reflectors (CR) are increasingly used as reference targets for land surface deformation measurements with the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique. When co-located with ground-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) infrastructure, InSAR observations at CR can be used to integrate relative measurements of surface deformation into absolute reference frames defined by GNSS. However, CR are also a potential source of GNSS multipath effects and may therefore have a detrimental effect on the GNSS observations. In this study, we compare daily GNSS coordinate time series and 30-second signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) observations for periods before and after CR deployment at a GNSS site. We find that neither the site coordinates nor the SNR values are significantly affected by the CR deployment, with average changes being within 0.1 mm for site coordinates and within 1 % for SNR values. Furthermore, we generate empirical site models by spatially stacking GNSS observation residuals to visualise and compare the spatial pattern in the surroundings of GNSS sites. The resulting stacking maps indicate oscillating patterns at elevation angles above 60 degrees which can be attributed to the CR deployed at the analysed sites. The effect depends on the GNSS antenna used at a site with the magnitude of multipath patterns being around three times smaller for a high-quality choke ring antenna compared to a ground plane antenna without choke rings. In general, the CR-induced multipath is small compared to multipath effects at other GNSS sites located in a different environment (e. g. mounted on a building).
Numerical study of the stock market crises based on mean field games approach
Authors: Trusov Nikolai V. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present an approach to describe the stock market crises based on Mean Field Games (MFGs) and Optimal Control theory with a turnpike effect. The impact of the large amount of high-frequency traders (HFTs) can be modeled via a mean field term. We introduce the turnpike as a function that relies on the changes of the asset share price. An MFG is a coupled system of PDEs: a Kolmogorov–Fokker–Planck equation, evolving forward in time, and a Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation, evolving backwards in time. The ill-posedness of this system comes from a turnpike effect. The numerical solution of an extremal problem that is dual to a PDE system is presented. We apply this approach to describe the Chinese stock market crash in 2015 considering the representative stock of CITIC Securities (ticker 600030). We consider HFTs that form a dominating bull and bear market. As a result, the bull strategy imitators do not make any profit.
Metaphorical thinking in our literary experiences of J.D. Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye”
Authors: Rasse Carina , Gibbs Raymond W. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article explores how literary texts, in this case the novel “Catcher in the Rye” by J.D. Salinger, elicit metaphorical thinking as a major part of readers’ interpretive experiences. Our main argument is that metaphorical thinking does not arise only given our encounter with individual verbal metaphors, but emerges in various ways as part of our habitual forms of imaginative metaphorical understandings. Metaphorical thinking is closely linked to embodied simulation processes by which readers project themselves imaginatively into the lives of story characters. Embodied simulation processes capture readers’ rich phenomenological characteristics (e.g., immersion, absorption, transportation) of literary experience. Metaphorical thinking unfolds in hierarchical layers across different time spans during literary reading.
Familial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis in an unusual and usual sites and dramatic improvement with the treatment of acetazolamide, sevelamer and topical sodium thiosulfate
Authors: Emecen Sanli Merve , Kilic Ayse , Aktasoglu Ekin , Inci Asli , Okur Ilyas , Ezgu Fatih , Tumer Leyla 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Familial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis is a rare disorder characterized by hyperphosphatemia with recurrent ectopic periarticular calcifications, in addition to other visceral and vascular manifestations, without any inflammatory or neoplastic disorder. The available treatment strategies are limited. Here we report an eight year old female patient with recurrent lesions under the chin, and bilateral hips which are painful and improving of the size of the lesions and hyperphosphatemia.

Case presentation
The patient was started to the treatment with peroral acetazolamide however the lesion did not regress but a new lesion appeared then we added sevelamer and topical sodium thiosulfate treatment for three months. After the three months of the combination treatment the lesions, there were no pain, no hyperphospahtemia regression/disappearance of the lesions.

Conclusions
This combination treatment or topical sodium thiosulfate use only may be a novel treatment strategy for the patients prospective controlled trials are needed.
Asymptomatic pituitary apoplexy induced by corticotropin-releasing hormone in a 14 year-old girl with Cushing’s disease
Authors: Fonseca Liliana , Borges Duarte Diana , Freitas Joana , Oliveira Maria João , Ribeiro Isabel , Amaral Cláudia , Borges Teresa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Pituitary apoplexy is a rare complication of Cushing’s disease (CD), especially in the paediatric age and even more rarely it can occur following anterior pituitary stimulation tests.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 14-year-old girl who was admitted to our Hospital for evaluation of a possible Cushing’s syndrome (CS). Her symptoms and initial laboratory tests were suggestive of CD. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a microadenoma of the pituitary gland. As part of her evaluation she was submitted to a corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test. Two and a half months later the patient was re-evaluated and presented with both clinical improvement of CS, biochemical resolution of hypercortisolism and tumour size reduction in the MRI, also evidencing a haemorrhagic component favouring the diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy after CRH stimulation test. The patient denied any episodes of severe headache, nausea, vomiting or visual changes.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, the authors report the first case of a pituitary apoplexy after a CRH stimulation test in the paediatric age.
Oral glucose tolerance response curve predicts disposition index but not other cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adolescents
Authors: Hoffman Robert P. , Copenhaver Melanie M. , Zhou Danlei , Yu Chack-Yung 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
In obese adults the shape of the glucose response curve during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) predicts future type 2 diabetes. Patients with an incessant increase or monophasic curves have increased risk compared to those with biphasic curves. Since type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, we studied whether differences in OGTT response curve are associated with differences in cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adolescents across a wide body mass index (BMI) range.

Methods
Sixty-nine (33F/36M), white adolescents (age: 15.2 ± 1.7 years; BMI: 21.5 ± 4.7 kg/m2; mean ± SD) were studied. Risk factors measured included percent body fat, blood pressure, lipids, augmentation index, reactive hyperemia, endothelin 1, plasminogen activator 1, inflammatory markers (interleukin 6, c-reactive protein), insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity (Matusda index), and disposition index (DI).

Results
Thirty-two subjects had biphasic responses; 35 subjects had monophasic responses and two females had incessant increases. Sex did not affect the frequency of responses. Glucose area under the curve during OGTT was greater in those with a mono vs. biphasic curves (p=0.01). Disposition index was markedly lower in subjects with a monophasic curve than in those with a biphasic curve (3.6 [2.3–5.0] vs. 5.8 [3.8–7.6], median [25th, 75th%] p=0.003). Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio was higher in subjects with a monophasic curve (p=0.046).

Conclusions
The decreased disposition index indicates that in healthy adolescents a monophasic response to OGTT is due to decreased insulin secretion relative to the degree of insulin resistance present. This was not associated with differences in most other cardiometabolic risk markers.

Trial registration

Clinical Trials.gov, NCT02821104.
Invisible burden of COVID-19: enzyme replacement therapy disruptions
Authors: Kahraman Ayça Burcu , Yıldız Yılmaz , Çıkı Kısmet , Akar Halil Tuna , Erdal İzzet , Dursun Ali , Tokatlı Ayşegül , Sivri Hatice Serap 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) constitute an important group of metabolic diseases, consisting of approximately 60 disorders. In some types of lysosomal diseases, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is administered intravenously in weekly or biweekly doses. Unfortunately, scheduled ERT during COVID-19 was disrupted. We considered the possibility of adverse outcomes caused by the disruption in the treatment of patients with lysosomal storage disorders.

Methods
During the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a questionnaire that was delivered via Internet to assess how this vulnerable patient group was affected by the pandemic in terms of their access to treatment and their disease-related symptoms.

Results
The questionnaire was filled out by 75 patients. There were 35 patients whose treatment dose was missed because of COVID-19. The most common reason for skipping treatment was not wanting to go to the hospital for fear of contracting COVID-19. These 35 patients missed a median of four doses of ERT (range: 1–16 dosages). Twenty-one patients (60%) claimed that they were affected physically by not taking ERT (20 mucopolysaccaridoses, 1 Fabry disease), whereas 14 (40%) did not.

Conclusions
Interruption of ERT during the COVID-19 pandemic may have significant consequences. It may be beneficial to switch to home treatment or reserve dedicated facilities. With proper planning and management, the treatment disruptions of this particular group can be avoided.
Effect of anthropogenic activity on mammal activity patterns in two ecosystems
Authors: Pérez-Irineo Gabriela , Hernández-Sánchez Alejandro , Santos-Moreno Antonio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Adaptations in species activity patterns allow animals to avoid risks generated by human activities and domestic and feral species. We aimed to evaluate the effect of anthropogenic activity on mammal activity patterns in two tropical ecosystems -semi-evergreen forest and cloud forest-, and its temporal variation in the Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico. We expected mammal activity patterns to show significant differences from activity patterns of humans and domestic species. From July 2014 to June 2015, we placed camera traps in 23 sites in a semi-evergreen forest and 23 sites in a cloud forest. We estimated the activity level of each species and calculated the activity overlap between wild species and humans and domestic species in each season. We recorded a total of 16 species of wild mammals, four domestic species, and obtained 738 human records. We found no evidence of an effect of anthropogenic activity on the activity patterns of wild mammals: we found similar activity levels between seasons and ecosystems, and moderate to high overlap between the activity patterns of some wild mammal species and of humans and domestic species. Low human population density, human activity temporal dynamics, and the plasticity of wild species could explain the results of our study.
Altitude, shading, and management intensity effect on Arabica coffee yields in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Anhar Ashabul , Abubakar Yusya , Widayat Heru Prono , Muslih Ali Muhammad , Romano  , Baihaqi Akhmad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The productivity of Arabica coffee in the Gayo Highlands, Aceh, Indonesia is far below its potential because of climate change and inadequate agricultural practices. To develop a strategy on sustainable coffee yield and improvements of smallholder farming systems, we investigated coffee productivity in three classes of shade densities and three classes of total management intensities index (TMI) along six altitude gradients (1,000–1,600 m above sea level) over 234 farmers’ plots. Coffee productivity was significantly affected by altitude, shade density, and TMI. Our results showed a stronger positive altitudinal effect with coffee productivity in middle and higher altitudes than in lower altitudes and were related to shade density and TMI. Increasing elevation of coffee plantation from lower to middle altitudes and shade from low to medium density increased in coffee productivity but further increase to higher altitude seemed to depress coffee productivity. Increasing TMI positively increased coffee productivity across altitudes. Shade density and TMI played significant roles in coffee productivity in lower altitudes; therefore, coffee farmers have to increase the shade to medium or higher density and at the same time improve plantation management to medium or high TMI.
Clinical significance of serum homocysteine as a biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Ye Bin , Zhu Xiangying , Zeng Zhifu , Ji Xiaozhen , Ji Meixia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum homocysteine (Hcy) as a biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods
Fifty-five T2DM patients with DN and 51 T2DM patients without DN were prospectively recruited from January 2016 to May 2020 in our hospital. The serum Hcy was tested by electrochemiluminescence assay in DN and T2DM groups and compared. The diagnostic efficacy of serum Hcy as a biomarker for early diagnosis of DN was evaluated by calculating the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC).

Results
The serum levels of Hcy were 15.49 ± 5.40 and 9.23 ± 3.15 μmol/L for DN and T2DM patients, respectively, with statistical difference (t = 7.21, P < 0.001). In the DN group, the serum Hcy levels for patients with hyperfiltration, intermittent proteinuria, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria and uremic were 10.99 ± 2.57, 13.90 ± 2.86, 15.38 ± 4.77, 18.98 ± 4.36 and 23.31 ± 5.22 μmol/L, respectively, which indicated that serum Hcy levels in DN were higher than those of T2DM patients and correlated with patient’s renal damage. Using the serum Hcy level as the reference, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 84.31 (71.41–92.98)%, 74.55 (61.00–85.33)% and 0.85 (0.78–0.92)%, respectively, with the cutoff value of 12.08 between DN and T2DM. The serum Hcy also had relatively good differential diagnostic efficacy between different DN stages with high sensitivity, specificity and AUC.

Conclusion
Serum Hcy was obviously elevated in DN compared to T2MD and correlated with the renal damage severity, which can be applied as a potential serological marker for early diagnosis of DN.
Stability of stochastic differential equations driven by multifractional Brownian motion
Authors: El Barrimi Oussama , Ouknine Youssef 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Our aim in this paper is to establish some strong stability results for solutions of stochastic differential equations driven by a Riemann–Liouville multifractional Brownian motion. The latter is defined as a Gaussian non-stationary process with a Hurst parameter as a function of time. The results are obtained assuming that the pathwise uniqueness property holds and using Skorokhod’s selection theorem.
Single-endoscopist Experience: ERCP Results, Complications, and Related factors
Authors: KARAOĞULLARINDAN Ümit 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background / Aims: This study aimed to report our single-endoscopist endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) experience, including ERCP success rate, complication rates and factors affecting them.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective data were collected from 573 patients who underwent ERCP from 2018 to 2020 at our clinic. Patients aged under 18 years, patients who had previously undergone ERCP at another center, patients using rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, patients with sedation-related complications , and patients using pancreatoxic medication were not included.
Results: The average age of the 573 patients included in the study was calculated as 58.6 (min. 18 - max. 104) years. In the examination of the success of cannulation, target duct was intubated in 93.9% (538/573) of the patients. In our study, the rate of post ercp pancreatitis was seen 7% , post ercp bleeding was observed as 1.2% , the rate of post ercp cholangitis was 0.9% , the post ercp perforation rate was 0.5% .When we compared the complications between successful and unsuccessful groups, there was a statistically significant difference in perforation and cholangitis (p
Demir Eksikliği Anemisi Nedeniyle Endoskopi ve Kolonoskopi Yapılan Hastalarda Malignite Sıklığının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKKUZU Mustafa Zanyar , SEZGİN Orhan , YARAŞ Serkan , ÖZDOĞAN Osman , RIZAOĞLU BALCI Hatice , AYDIN Ferzan , ÜÇBİLEK Enver , ALTİNTAS Engin , ATES Fehmi 
Published: April 2021

Giriş ve Amaç
Anemilerin çoğu gibi demir eksikliği anemisi de kendi başına bir hastalık değildir ve etyolojinin her hastada araştırılıp ortaya konması gerekmektedir. Demir eksikliği anemisi yaş gruplarına göre etyolojik nedenlerin sıklığı değişmektedir. Demir eksikliği anemisinin en önemli sebebi premenapozal kadınlarda menstrüel kanamalar iken; postmenapozal kadınlar ve erişkin erkeklerde ise gastrointestinal sistemden olan kronik kan kayıpları oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada demir eksikliği nedeniyle endoskopi ve kolonoskopi yaptığımız hastaların malignite sıklığını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Materyal ve Metod
2018 Aralık ve 2019 Temmuz ayları arasında demir eksikliği anemisi etyoloji taraması nedeniyle kolonoskopi ve endoskopi yaptığımız hastalarımızı çalışmaya aldık. Kolonoskopi uygun hazırlık sonrası terminal ileum da değerlendirilecek şekilde uygulanmıştı. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, anamnez bilgileri ve işlem sonuçlarına dosyaları araştırılarak geriye dönük olarak incelendi.

Bulgular
Bu sürede demir eksikliği anemisi nedeniyle 142 hastada kolonoskopi yapılmıştı. Bunların 130’una endoskopi de yapılmıştı. Hastaların %52,81’i erkek ve %47,18‘i kadındı. Erkeklerin yaş ortalaması 61,4±11,8, kadınların yaş ortalaması 55,2 ± 13,6 idi. Bunlardan %15,5 hastada kolonda polip saptandı ve bunların % 80,5'i adenomatöz polipti. % 7 hastada kolonda karsinom saptandı. Bu hastaların toplam %57,7’ünde de mide adenokanseri, ülser, gastrit, özofajit, özofagus varisi, polip ve özofafit gibi anemiyi açıklayabilecek patoloji saptandı. Toplam %64,8 hastada anemiyi açıklayabilecek ya endoskopik bulgu ya da kolonoskopik bulgu mevcuttu.

Tartışma ve Sonuç
Demir eksikliği anermisi labaratuar çalışmaları ile doğrulandıktan ve diyete bağlı demir eksikliği, demir ihtiyacında artış ve gastrointestinal sistem dışı kan kaybına bağlı anemi dışlandıktan sonra, gastrointestinal traktüsün endoskopik incelemesine geçilmelidir. Bu çalışmada olguların %15,5’inde kolonda polip , %7,04 hastada da adenokarsinom tespit ettik. Midede de %0,7 adenokarsinom tespit edildi. Bu da demir eksikliği anemisi etiyolojisinde hem endoskopi hem de kolonoskopinin önemini göstermektedir.