bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellular-level phenotyping of tumor-immune microenvironment (TiME) in patients in vivo reveals distinct inflammation and endothelial anergy signatures
Authors: Sahu Aditi , Tembo Teguru , Kose Kivanc , Santella Anthony , Alfonso Anabel , Li Madison , Cordova Miguel , Gill Melissa , Fox Christi , Gonzalez Salvador , Wang Amber Weiching , Kurtansky Nicholas , Chandrani Pratik , Kumar Piyush , Yin Shen , Jilani Haaris , Mehta Paras , Navarrete-Dechent Cristian , Peterson Gary , King Kimeil , Dusza Stephen , Yang Ning , Li Shuaitong , Phillips William , Rossi Anthony , Halpern Allan , Deng Liang , Pulitzer Melissa , Marghoob Ashfaq , Chen Chih-Shan Jason , Rajadhyaksha Milind 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImmunotherapies have shown unprecedented clinical benefits in several malignancies1–3. However, clinical responses remain variable and unpredictable, indicating the need to develop predictive platforms that can improve patient stratification4. Phenotyping of tumors into hot, altered, or cold5 based on assessment of only T-cell infiltration in static tumor biopsies provides suboptimal prediction of immunotherapy response6,7. In vivo dynamic mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment such as tumor angiogenesis and leukocyte trafficking5,8,9 also play a central role in modulating anti-tumor immunity and therefore immunotherapy response. Here, we report novel tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) phenotyping in vivo in patients with non-invasive spatially-resolved cellular-level imaging based on endogenous contrast. Investigating skin cancers as a model, with reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) imaging10, we determined four major phenotypes with variable prevalence of vasculature (Vasc) and inflammation (Inf) features: VaschiInfhi, VaschiInflo, VascloInfhi and Vascmed/hiInflo. The VaschiInfhi phenotype correlates with high immune activation, exhaustion, and vascular signatures while VaschiInflo with endothelial anergy and immune exclusion. Automated quantification of TiME features demonstrates moderate-high accuracy and correlation with corresponding gene expression. Prospectively analyzed response to topical immunotherapy show highest response in VascloInfhi, and reveals the added value of vascular features in predicting treatment response. Our novel in vivo cellular-level imaging and phenotyping approach can potentially advance our fundamental understanding of TiME, develop robust predictors for immunotherapy outcomes and identify novel targetable pathways in future.
Fresh insights into Mediterranean biodiversity: Environmental DNA reveals spatio-temporal patterns of stream invertebrate communities on Sicily
Authors: Hupało Kamil , Schmidt Saskia , Macher Till-Hendrik , Weiss Martina , Leese Florian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Mediterranean region with its islands is among top biodiversity hotspots. It houses numerous freshwater taxa with a high rate of endemism, but is heavily impacted by anthropogenic pressures and global climate change. To conserve biodiversity, reliable data on species and genetic diversity are needed especially for the scarcely known insular freshwater ecosystems. Environmental DNA metabarcoding provide a straight-forward opportunity to assess aquatic biodiversity. Therefore, we conducted the first eDNA metabarcoding study in one stream catchment on Sicily. Specifically, we aimed to i) investigate spatial diversity patterns of macroinvertebrate communities, ii) assess seasonal changes, and iii) check if dispersal barriers can be identified. Water samples were taken at 27 different sites in two seasons and eDNA metabarcoding performed using the COI gene. In total, we detected 98 macroinvertebrate species, including 28 taxa potentially new to Sicily. Exact sequence variant (ESV) and species composition data showed that diversity differed between seasons with less taxa detected in winter. We also detected a dispersal barrier, which had a stronger effect in autumn. Our findings show that eDNA metabarcoding provides valuable information on Sicilian freshwater biodiversity. We therefore encourage its application for understudied regions to better understand the state and dynamics of freshwater biodiversity.
Enhancing business community disaster resilience. A structured literature review of the role of dynamic capabilities
Authors: Sinha Rageshree , Ola Akinyo 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the current literature reviews to contribute to the study of organisational resilience. The study intends to understand the role of dynamic capability flow in creating more resilient business communities. The study tries to relate to how continuous learning enables business communities to plan for, respond to and bounce back from disasters.Design/methodology/approachA structured literature review of 38 empirical studies indicates organisational resilience and highlights the dynamic attributes of organisational resilience and the importance of knowledge interactions and information sharing.FindingsContinuous learning results in complex dynamic capability manifested through research and innovations, technological implementations, social learnings and community knowledge sharing. This clearly emphasises the role of dynamic capabilities in fostering disaster resilience in organisations and business communities.Research limitations/implicationsResearch limitations on continuous learning can be cited as to incorporate case study methods related to organisational experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic while also reviewing digital knowledge transfer strategies and influencing factors.Practical implicationsThe study for fostering resilience in the business ecosystem needs to be embedded in the continuous learning process, and it also includes knowledge sharing and collaboration, both externally and internally, for the business community.Social implicationsSocial implications for this study relate to the seamless flow of the knowledge transfer and knowledge sharing process. The dynamic process of organisational and the business community resilience is a key outcome of this knowledge sharing and knowledge transfer process.Originality/valueA conceptual framework was developed from the review, emphasising how dynamic capabilities through continuous learning enhance business community resilience.
Social sustainability in Public–Private Partnership projects: case study of the Northern Beaches Hospital in Sydney
Authors: Wang Kun , Ke Yongjian , Liu Tingting , Sankaran Shankar 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present evidence to the heated debate “whether Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model should be introduced into the hospitals” and, if so, how to promote the social sustainability of such PPP projects.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has established an analytical framework to analyse the social sustainability of PPP projects. Using content analysis method, a single case study was carried out on the Northern Beaches Hospital in Sydney, Australia.FindingsThe results show that there are many problems related to social sustainability in the project, due to which employees and patients were exposed to most of them. Some recommendations are provided, including to strengthen the supervision of the project, provide sufficient information, establish communication channels and stakeholder participation, improve hospital policies and procedures, and strengthen government support.Practical implicationsThis paper can provide guidance for the stakeholders in a partnership, including the public and private sectors, to analyse the social sustainability implications, and then plan and implement hospital PPP projects to achieve social sustainability goals. Meanwhile, it can also provide important reference for the employees, patients, local community and society to assess social sustainability issues, and provide relevant inputs to inform decision-makers in the development, delivery and management of hospital projects.Originality/valueThe research will contribute to knowledge of social sustainability of hospital PPP projects. The proposed analytical framework can be used to analyse and assess the social sustainability of such projects from the perspective of stakeholders.
Life cycle assessment of earthen materials for low-cost housing a comparison between rammed earth and fired clay bricks
Authors: Nouri Hamed , Safehian Majid , Mir Mohammad Hosseini Seyed Majdeddin 
Published: June 2021

PurposeAlthough the use of diverse types of bricks as the primary construction materials has been considered for many years, vernacular earthen materials are also widely used for construction with low potential environmental impacts in developing countries. In this study, the life cycle of two types of building materials for wall building is investigated.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, life cycle carbon emissions (LCCO2) are compared and embodied energy calculation for rammed earth and fired clay bricks as two construction materials. The complete construction chain using rammed earth, as a modern norm, and fired clay bricks, as the most common construction materials in buildings, is investigated in this research.FindingsStudies on the constructions in Kashan city in the north of Isfahan province, Iran, as a case study, showed that replacing the fired bricks with rammed earth would reduce the CO2 emissions up to 1,245 kg/ton and 4,646 MJ/ton (i.e. more than 95%) of the embodied energy. It also shows that the choice of building materials should be important for building practitioners to consider the environmental impact.Originality/valueThis paper provide life cycle assessment of building materials. The findings of this study help builders and owner to choose sustainable building materials.
Applying quality concepts to achieve environmental sustainability in the freight transport sector – reviewing process management and lean
Authors: Navarro Priscilla 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to revisit lean manufacturing and process management to review how these have targeted environmental sustainability and determine whether these have the potential to achieve environmental sustainability in small- and medium-sized companies within the freight transport sector.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology for this paper was divided into three steps. The first step involved a narrative literature review, including previously designed search strings. The second step involved a snowball approach, where the identification of new sources departed from previously selected articles. The third step included a completing narrative review to search for the most recent articles published related to the purpose. The analysis was based on the identification of benefits, challenges and the potential of lean and process management to deal with environmental demands among transport companies.

Findings
The findings suggest a potential of lean and process management for achieving environmental sustainability, if adapted appropriately. The potential is on the operative and strategic levels, respectively.

Research limitations/implications
This study included two of the concepts from the quality movement from a literature perspective. Hence, there is a need for research to evaluate these results empirically. Additionally, other aspects should be studied within the quality movement for achieving environmental sustainability.

Originality/value
This paper aims to be a basis and a path for further theoretical and empirical research for the quality movement to support environmental sustainability. This paper particularly aims to fill part of the gap in the literature on how the freight transport sector can enhance environmental sustainability in its operations.
The financial impacts of information systems security breaches on publicly traded companies: reactions of different sectors
Authors: Tayaksi Cansu , Ada Erhan , Kazancoglu Yigit , Sagnak Muhittin 
Published: June 2021

PurposeToday, information systems and technology provides a wide set of tools for companies to increase the efficiency of their businesses. Although technology offers many benefits to businesses, it also brings risks as the information systems security breaches. Security breaches and their financial impact is a constant concern of the researchers and practitioners. This paper explores information systems breaches and their financial impacts on the publicly traded companies in different sectors.Design/methodology/approachAfter a comprehensive data collection process, data from 192 events are analyzed by employing Event Study Methodology and a comparison of the results between the four highly affected sectors (Consumer Goods, Technology, Financial and Communications) is presented. The abnormal returns on the prices of stocks after the events are calculated with the Market Model. Also, the results of the Market Adjusted Model and Mean Adjusted Model are presented to support the results.FindingsWhile information systems security breaches have a significant negative impact on the Financials and the Technology sectors for all the event windows in the study ([−5, 0], [−5, 1], [−5, 5], and [−5, 10]), the significant negative impact is observed only on the [−5, 5] and [−5, 10] event windows for the Consumer Goods sector. No significant negative impact is observed in the Communications sector, in fact, the cumulative abnormal returns are positive for this sector.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper to provide evidence about the financial impacts of the information systems breaches for businesses in different sectors. While there are studies that have previously focused on the information systems breaches and their financial impacts on businesses, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that compares this effect between the four highly impacted sectors. With a relatively larger sample size and broader event windows than the past studies in the literature, statistical evidence is provided to managers to justify their investments in information security and build preventive measures to secure the market value of their firms.
Indoor PM2.5 concentrations of pre-schools; determining the effective factors and model for prediction
Authors: Baharfar Yasser , Mohammadyan Mahmoud , Moattar Faramarz , Nassiri Parvin , Behzadi Mohammad Hassan 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to present the most influential factors on classroom indoor PM2.5 (Particulate Matter < 2.5 µ), determining the level of PM2.5 concentration in five pre-schools located in the most densely populated district of the Tehran metropolitan area (district 6) as a case study to consider the children's exposure to air pollutants and introducing a suitable model, for the first time, to predict PM2.5 concentration changes, inside pre-schools.Design/methodology/approachIndoor and outdoor classes PM2.5 concentrations were measured using two DUSTTRAK direct-reading instruments. Additional class status information was also recorded; concurrently, urban PM2.5 concentrations and meteorological data were obtained from the fixed monitoring stations and Meteorological Organization. Then, the predicted concentrations of the indoor PM2.5, from introduced multiple linear regression model via SPSS, compared with the nearest urban air pollution monitoring stations data.FindingsThe average outdoor PM2.5 concentration (43 ± 0.32 µg m−3) was higher than the mean indoor (32 ± 0. 21 µg m−3), and both were significantly (p < 0.001) surpassing the 24-h EPA standard level. The indoor PM2.5 concentrations had the highest level in the autumn (48.7 µg m−3) and significantly correlated with the outdoor PM2.5 (r = 0.94, p < 0.001), the number of pupils, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and open area of the doors and windows (p < 0.001). These parameters, as the main determinants, have led to present a 7-variable regression model, with R2 = 0.705, which can predict PM2.5 concentrations in the pre-school classes with more than 80% accuracy. It can be presumed that the penetration of outdoor PM2.5 was the main source of indoor PM2.5 concentrations.Research limitations/implicationsThis study faced several limitations, such as accessibility to classrooms, and limitations in technicians' numbers, leading to researchers monitoring indoor and outdoor PM concentrations in schools once a week. Additionally, regarding logistical limitations to using monitoring instruments in pre-schools simultaneously, correction factors by running the instruments were applied to obtain comparable measurements.Originality/valueThe author hereby declares that this submission is his own work and to the best of its knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person.
COVID‐19: long covid and its societal consequences
Authors: Brüssow Harald , Timmis Kenneth 
Published: June 2021

SummaryCOVID‐19 is an acute, highly transmissible respiratory infection that is potentially lethal, but often mild, sometimes asymptomatic, especially in the young. However, it has become clear that, in some patients, there may be sequelae involving tissues other than the lung, resulting in other types of morbidity, and sometimes longer term consequences that are often termed ‘long covid’. In this Lilliput, we summarize recent findings about COVID‐19 sequelae, with a particular focus on long covid. We also discuss some of the long scars that COVID‐19 and long covid will collectively leave on society that we term Societal Long Covid.
Structural anatomy and morphometric analyses of sacra in greyhounds
Authors: Ismail Sa'ad M. Y. , Murray Christina M. , Stevenson Mark A. , Yen Hung‐Hsun , Adamu James Y. , Davies Helen M. S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted to provide structural and morphological data on the sacra of greyhounds. Descriptive quantitative investigation was carried out on 171 sacra of greyhound`s cadavers and then classified into standard and fused sacra based on the number of fused sacral vertebrae. The weight, length and width of sacrum of sacra were measured. Both standard (59%) and fused sacra (41%) were identified. The average length and width of the standard sacrum were found to be 46.14 ± 2.53 mm and 57.89 ± 3.54 mm, respectively. The sacral length was 1.61‐mm longer in males (p < .01), and the sacral width was 0.46‐mm shorter in males but not significant (p = .51). The average weight of a standard sacrum was 26.54 ± 4.55 g and was 1.18 g heavier in males but not statistically significant (p = .24). Results showed that one‐kilogram increase in the body mass was associated with a 0.3 mm (p < .001) increase in sacral length, and a 0.54 mm (p < .001) increase in sacral width, respectively. The morphological data of the standard and fused sacra provided in this study might help the veterinary community to improve treatment and rehabilitation and help the trainer to design the right training protocol for racing greyhounds. In addition, the results of this study are a step to understand the sacrum’s functions and how the greyhound's body functions and future studies are required to investigate the biological importance of these findings.
Abandonment, Agency, Control: Migrants’ Camps in Ventimiglia
Authors: Aru Silvia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article examines the governance mechanisms regulating migrants’ presence in Ventimiglia—an Italian city on the north‐west border—and migrants’ agency, following the reintroduction of French border controls in 2015. The study looks at different kinds of camps: the formal one run by the Red Cross and the makeshift camps and settlements that sprang up over time. This work contributes to the academic debate on the interplay between migrants and border regimes by arguing two fundamental points. First, migration governance changed the nature of the makeshift settlements, pushing them from being spaces of autonomy, however precarious, to ones characterised more by exclusion and uncertainty. Second, the relationship between formal and informal spaces and migrants’ agency is ambiguous and changes over time. Using a diachronic perspective and without underestimating migrants’ agency, this paper denounces the inadequacy, fragility and violence of the border regime which migrants move into and within.
Risk of severe COVID‐19 in patients treated with IBD medications: a French nationwide study
Authors: Meyer Antoine , Semenzato Laura , Zureik Mahmoud , Weill Alain , Carbonnel Franck , Dray‐Spira Rosemary 
Published: June 2021

SummaryBackgroundRecently, the SECURE‐IBD study, based on a physician‐reported registry, suggested that thiopurines, either alone or combined with anti‐TNF, may increase risk of severe COVID‐19.AimsTo compare the risk of severe COVID‐19 according to IBD medications in a large and unselected population.MethodsUsing the French national health data system, the risks of hospitalisation and of death or mechanical ventilation for COVID‐19 from 15 February 2020 to 31 August 2020 in IBD patients were compared according to IBD treatment (immunomodulators and biologics), using multivariable Cox models adjusted for socio‐demographic characteristics, budesonide/corticosteroids and aminosalicylates use, and comorbidities.ResultsAmong 268 185 IBD patients, 600 were hospitalised for COVID‐19 and 111 of them died or were mechanically ventilated (including 78 deaths). In multivariable analysis, the risk of hospitalisation for COVID‐19 did not differ according to IBD treatment category, with adjusted Hazard Ratios (aHR, unexposed patients used as reference) of 0.94 (95%CI: 0.66‐1.35) for immunomodulator monotherapy, 1.05 (0.80‐1.38) for anti‐TNF monotherapy, 0.80 (0.38‐1.69) for anti‐TNF combination therapy, 1.06 (0.55‐2.05) for vedolizumab and 1.25 (0.64‐2.43) for ustekinumab. Similarly, the risk of death or mechanical ventilation for COVID‐19 did not differ according to IBD treatment.ConclusionsImmunomodulators and biologics prescribed in patients with IBD do not appear to increase the severity of COVID‐19 infection.