bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin exerts a protective effect against obesity and liver injury induced by an atherogenic diet
Authors: Antona María Eugenia , González Paula Mariela , Ramos Cecilia , Cabrera Joaquín , Olano Carolina , Morales Celina , Zago Valeria , Steimetz Tammy , Puntarulo Susana , Friedman Silvia María , Macri Elisa Vanesa 
Published: December 2021

Background: Curcumin (Cur) is a natural yellow polyphenol extracted from the turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa). Cur is known for its potential therapeutic properties as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and anti-mutagenic, although some of these biological activities remain unproven. Epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between high-fat diets and diet-related chronic diseases. We hypothesized that some adverse effects of consuming atherogenic or high-fat diets (AD) can be ameliorated by Cur supplementation. Using an experimental model of rats, this study investigated the significance of Cur when it is given as a supplement in an AD.Methods: Healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Controls (C) received a standard diet and experimental rats were fed with AD or AD+Cur for 5 weeks. Cur (100 mg/kg body weight) was given orally daily, plus piperine (5 mg/kg body weight). The effect of Cur supplementation was studied on zoometrics, visceral fat content, serum lipids profile, hepatosteatosis, liver function and oxidative status. Results: Diets did not alter energy consumption. As compared to the other groups, AD+Cur group showed a lower total visceral fat content, percentage of perirenal, mesenteric, and pelvic fat, and body weight gain (P< 0.05). Serum total cholesterol (P<0.0001), non-HDL-C (P<0.0001) levels were significantly higher in AD groups as compared with C. Serum triglycerides and HDL-C levels remained similar among groups (P>0.05). AD induced a liver injury with macrovesicular steatosis and portal inflammation. AD+Cur rats presented microvesicular steatosis with no inflammation, achieving the lowest level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT; P<0.0001) and reductions of aspartate aminotransferase (AST; P<0.0001). Liver homogenates from AD+Cur showed that Cur supplementation reduced the dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) oxidation rate induced by AD by 25 % and deferoxamine and superoxide dismutase inhibited DCFH-DA. Conclusion: Cur as a dietary supplement showed a protective effect against obesity and inflammation, but its cardioprotective ability remained unproved. Cur may develop as a promising therapeutic agent for liver diseases induced by oxidative stress. This study provides supporting evidence to confirm the beneficial effects of curcumin from the point of view of functional food science. Keywords: curcumin, liver injury, ROS, atherogenic diet, visceral fat, obesity
Hybrid threats as an object of educational practices in the cultural and artistic sphere of Ukraine (based on the experience of the Erasmus + project "Academic Counteraction to Hybrid Threats - #WARN" 610133-EPP-1-2019-1-FI-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP")
Authors: Vedeneev Dmytro , Kopievska Olga 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the article. Investigate and summarize the experience of the National Academy of Culture and Arts Management in preparing graduates for the formation of special competencies that will professionally counteract hybrid threats in the socio-cultural sphere of Ukraine, acquaint them with methods of diagnosing and analyzing relevant hazards, organizational and legal bases, forms and methods countering threats, security of the national cultural and humanitarian sphere as a component of management of socio-cultural activities. Methodology. Dialectical and structural-system approaches, general scientific methods of abstraction, classification, and comparison are used. A synergetic approach to the theory of security science, structural-functional and system-situational methods of management science are applied. Methods of scientific analysis and scientometrics, empirical-cognitive method of pedagogical science are involved. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the organizational and methodological bases of the introduction of studying modern views on the essence of unconventional (hybrid) confrontation in the maintenance and algorithm of preparation of experts of a master's level on the management of sociocultural activity are investigated. Conclusions. The development of tools for the destructive impact on the socio-cultural sphere of sovereign states (societies) in the arsenal of "hybrid wars" encourages the introduction of management training for the socio-cultural sphere, development, and implementation of specialized courses to acquire special competencies that will allow future cultural and civilizational matrix as the basis of the viability of states and peoples. It is advisable to introduce structural and logical teaching of theoretical knowledge and practical skills on combating hybrid threats at different levels of higher education. It seems important to develop and implement cultural practices, training, and game components that will develop critical, creative, creative thinking while forming in future managers of socio-cultural activities skills to prevent destructive influences on the socio-cultural sphere.
Key words: hybrid threats, hybrid war, national and information security, teaching methods, training and game practice, management of socio-cultural activities.
Application of dynamic programming approach to computation of atomic functions
Authors: Makarichev Victor , Kharchenko Vyacheslav 
Published: December 2021

The special class of atomic functions is considered. The atomic function is a solution with compact support of linear differential functional equation with constant coefficients and linear transformations of the argument. The functions considered are used in discrete atomic compression (DAC) of digital images. The algorithm DAC is lossy and provides better compression than JPEG, which is de facto a standard for compression of digital photos, with the same quality of the result. Application of high precision values of atomic functions can improve the efficiency of DAC, as well as provide the development of new technologies for data processing and analysis. This paper aims to develop a low complexity algorithm for computing precise values of the atomic functions considered. Precise values of atomic functions at the point of dense grids are the subject matter of this paper. Formulas of V. O. Rvachev and their generalizations are used. Direct application of them to the computation of atomic functions on dense grids leads to multiple calculations of a great number of similar expressions that should be reduced. In this research, the reduction required is provided. The goal is to develop an algorithm based on V. O. Rvachev’s formulas and their generalizations. The following tasks are solved: to convert these formulas to reduce the number of arithmetic operations and to develop a verification procedure that can be used to check results. In the current research, methods of atomic function theory and dynamic programming algorithms development principles are applied. A numerical scheme for computation of atomic functions at the points of the grid with the step, which is less than each predetermined positive real number, is obtained and a dynamic algorithm based on it is developed. Also, a verification procedure, which is based on the properties of atomic functions, is introduced. The following results are obtained: 1) the algorithm developed provides faster computation than direct application of the corresponding formulas; 2) the algorithm proposed provides precise computation of atomic functions values; 3) procedure of verification has linear complexity in the number of values to be checked. Moreover, the algorithms proposed are implemented using Python programming language and a set of tables of atomic functions values are obtained. Conclusions: results of this research are expected to improve existing data processing technologies based on atomic functions, especially the algorithm DAC, and accelerate the development of new ones.
PENINGKATAN STATUS GIZI ANAK SEKOLAH MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN PMT-AS BERBASIS PANGAN LOKAL
Authors: Chandradewi AASP , Adiyasa I Nyoman 
Published: December 2021

Pemberian Makanan Tambahan pada anak sekolah (PMT-AS) berupa jajanan dalam pelaksanaannya banyak ditemui hambatan terutama aspek-aspek penting dalam PMT diantaranya keterampilan dalam penggunaan bahan pangan lokal masih terbatas, kurang bervariasi serta standar gizi makanan jajanan yang disajikan masih memerlukan peningkatan.Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan status gizi anak sekolah melalui pendampingan PMT-AS berbasis pangan lokal. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di SDN1 Karang Bayan dengan jumlah sasaran 10 orang ibu rumah tangga dan 20 orang anak SD. Pendapingan dilakukan tiga kali dengan metode praktek dan ceramah. Untuk mengetahui hasil pendampingan dilakukan penilaian terhadap pengetahuan dan ketrampilan ibu tentang PMT dan produk yang dihasilkan. Produk hasil praktek diberikan kepada anak selama 3 bulan, penilaian status gizi anak menggunakan Z-skor. Untuk menganalisis dampak pendampingan terhadap pengetahuan dan ketrampilan ibu dan status gizi anak dengan mempergunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan ada peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dari 52 menjadi 75 dan secara signifikan bermakna (p=0.005), begitu pula dengan status gizi anak dari gizi kurang menjadi normal (p=0.000). Pendampingan pada ibu dalam pembuatan biscuit untuk PMT dapat meningkatkan asupan zat gizi anak sekolah sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan status gizi
Reseña del libro: Aprender y educar sin agotarse. Abordajes desde la Pedagogía Sistémica
Authors: De Piano Rafael 
Published: December 2021

Aprender y educar sin agotarse. Abordajes desde la Pedagogía Sistémica trata dos cuestiones paradigmáticas del campo educativo. Investiga en profundidad las situaciones de estancamiento e impotencia que llevan a un estudiante a abandonar su carrera universitaria. Se pregunta ¿por qué algunos estudiantes frente a las mismas circunstancias logran superar los obstáculos y otros no? ¿Cómo acompañar ese proceso de modo que resulte una experiencia de oportunidad antes que una frustración?
Al mismo tiempo, el trabajo aborda herramientas para docentes de diversos niveles de enseñanza que hoy viven las múltiples tensiones de la vida escolar. Situaciones que se cifran en una pregunta, ¿cómo ubicarse frente al fantasma del burnout que amenaza el trabajo pedagógico?
Structural and functional analysis of reconnaissance and fire system and decomposition of its functions and subsystems
Authors: Maistrenko O. , Karavanov O. , Shcherba A. 
Published: December 2021

It is established that the role of reconnaissance and fire systems in the implementation of enemy fire damage in military conflicts occurring at the beginning of the XXI century. Increased to 75%. However, it was found that the effectiveness of these systems depends on the quality of their equipment. The main factors that are often not taken into account in the acquisition are the possibility, interoperability, stability of each element, the impact of elements on the stability of each other and the functioning of the RVS as a whole. The analysis of recent research and publications has shown that as of today, the approaches to determining the composition of reconnaissance fire systems taking into account these factors are not justified.
Given the above, it was decided to conduct a structural and functional analysis of the reconnaissance fire system and the decomposition of its functions and subsystems. To this end, based on the method of cluster analysis, an algorithm for combining a set of tasks performed by reconnaissance and fire systems into groups has been developed and substantiated. The method of expert evaluation was used to obtain substantiated data on the implementation of such a merger.
According to the proposed algorithm, the main tasks were first identified, which involve reconnaissance and fire systems. Subsequently, an expert group was formed and the coefficient of relative competence of each member of the expert group was determined. The experts were then asked to combine the identified tasks according to their characteristics into an arbitrary number of groups. After processing the opinions of experts, 10 characteristic groups were identified. Finally, the experts were asked to combine the obtained groups in such a way that each association consisted of similar objects and the objects of different associations differed significantly.
The results of the work revealed the functional interconnectedness of the tasks, processes and subsystems of the reconnaissance and fire system. It is also established that a typical reconnaissance fire system will consist of three subsystems (control, reconnaissance and fire influence), which perform specific functions for each of them.
A Facile Method to Synthesize 3D Pomegranate-like Polydopamine Microspheres
Authors: Ghorbani Farnaz , Ghalandari Behafarid , Liu Chaozong 
Published: December 2021

Nanospheres have found versatile applications in the biomedical field; however, their possible harmful effects on immune and inflammatory systems are also a crucial concern. Inspired by a pomegranate structure, we demonstrated a novel structure for the nanostructured microspheres to overcome the drawbacks of nanospheres without compromising their merits. In this study, 3D pomegranate-like polydopamine microspheres (PDAMS) were synthesized by self-oxidative polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride. Herein, controlling the pH during polymerization led to synthesizing homogeneous agglomerated nano-sized spheres (400–2000 nm) and finally forming tunable and monodisperse micron-sized particles (21 µm) with uniform spherical shape porous microstructure. PDAMS interaction with the potential targets, Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), Decorin, and Matrilin-1, was investigated via molecular calculations. Theoretical energy analysis revealed that PDAMS interaction with BMP2, Decorin, and Matrilin-1 is spontaneous, so that a protein layer formation on the PDAMS surface suggests application in bone and cartilage repair. It was also observed that PDAMS presented in-vitro degradation within 4 weeks. Here, disappearance of the UV-VIS spectrum peak at 280 nm is accompanied by the degradation of catechol groups. Pomegranate-like PDAMS support the biomimetic formation of hydroxyapatite-like layers, making them appropriate candidates for hard tissue applications. Herein, the appearance of peaks in XRD spectrum at 31.37, 39.57, 45.21, and 50.13° attributed to hydroxyapatite-like layers formation. All these results demonstrated that self-oxidative polymerization under a controllable pH can be a green and straightforward technique for preparing the pomegranate-like PDAMS and providing an innovative basis for further pre-clinical and clinical investigations.
DNA Origami-Templated Bimetallic Nanostar Assemblies for Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Kaur Vishaldeep , Sharma Mridu , Sen Tapasi 
Published: December 2021

The abundance of hotspots tuned via precise arrangement of coupled plasmonic nanostructures highly boost the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal enhancements, expanding their potential applicability to a diverse range of applications. Herein, nanoscale assembly of Ag coated Au nanostars in dimer and trimer configurations with tunable nanogap was achieved using programmable DNA origami technique. The resulting assemblies were then utilized for SERS-based ultra-sensitive detection of an important neurotransmitter, dopamine. The trimer assemblies were able to detect dopamine with picomolar sensitivity, and the assembled dimer structures achieved SERS sensitivity as low as 1 fM with a limit of detection of 0.225 fM. Overall, such coupled nanoarchitectures with superior plasmon tunability are promising to explore new avenues in biomedical diagnostic applications.
Optimized Interfaces in Anti-Perovskite Electrolyte-Based Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries for Enhanced Performance
Authors: Yu Pengcheng , Ye Yu , Zhu Jinlong , Xia Wei , Zhao Yusheng 
Published: December 2021

Solid-state lithium metal batteries have attracted broad interest as a promising energy storage technology because of the high energy density and enhanced safety that are highly desired in the markets of consumer electronics and electric vehicles. However, there are still many challenges before the practical application of the new battery. One of the major challenges is the poor interface between lithium metal electrodes and solid electrolytes, which eventually lead to the exceptionally high internal resistance of the cells and limited output. The interface issue arises largely due to the poor contact between solid and solid, and the mechanical/electrochemical instability of the interface. In this work, an in situ “welding” strategy is developed to address the interfacial issue in solid-state batteries. Microliter-level of liquid electrolyte is transformed into an organic–inorganic composite buffer layer, offering a flexible and stable interface and promoting enhanced electrochemical performance. Symmetric lithium–metal batteries with the new interface demonstrate good cycling performance for 400 h and withstand the current density of 0.4 mA cm−2. Full batteries developed with lithium–metal anode and LiFePO4 cathode also demonstrate significantly improved cycling endurance and capacity retention.
Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Postoperative Headache After Stanford Type a Acute Aortic Dissection Surgery
Authors: Wang Dashuai , Le Sheng , Luo Jingjing , Chen Xing , Li Rui , Wu Jia , Song Yu , Xie Fei , Li Ximei , Wang Hongfei , Huang Xiaofan , Ye Ping , Du Xinling , Zhang Anchen 
Published: December 2021

Background: Postoperative headache (POH) is common in clinical practice, however, no studies about POH after Stanford type A acute aortic dissection surgery (AADS) exist. This study aims to describe the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of POH after AADS, and to construct two prediction models.Methods: Adults who underwent AADS from 2016 to 2020 in four tertiary hospitals were enrolled. Training and validation sets were randomly assigned according to a 7:3 ratio. Risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Nomograms were constructed and validated on the basis of independent predictors.Results: POH developed in 380 of the 1,476 included patients (25.7%). Poorer outcomes were observed in patients with POH. Eight independent predictors for POH after AADS were identified when both preoperative and intraoperative variables were analyzed, including younger age, female sex, smoking history, chronic headache history, cerebrovascular disease, use of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, more blood transfusion, and longer cardiopulmonary bypass time. White blood cell and platelet count were also identified as significant predictors when intraoperative variables were excluded from the multivariate analysis. A full nomogram and a preoperative nomogram were constructed based on these independent predictors, both demonstrating good discrimination, calibration, clinical usefulness, and were well validated. Risk stratification was performed and three risk intervals were defined based on the full nomogram and clinical practice.Conclusions: POH was common after AADS, portending poorer outcomes. Two nomograms predicting POH were developed and validated, which may have clinical utility in risk evaluation, early prevention, and doctor-patient communication.
Syk-MyD88 Axis Is a Critical Determinant of Inflammatory-Response in Activated Macrophages
Authors: Yi Young-Su , Kim Han Gyung , Kim Ji Hye , Yang Woo Seok , Kim Eunji , Jeong Deok , Park Jae Gwang , Aziz Nur , Kim Suk , Parameswaran Narayanan , Cho Jae Youl 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundInflammation, a vital immune response to infection and injury, is mediated by macrophage activation. While spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) are reportedly involved in inflammatory responses in macrophages, their roles and underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.MethodsHere, the role of the MyD88-Syk axis and the mechanism by which Syk and MyD88 cooperate during macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses are explored using knockout conditions of these proteins and mutation strategy as well as flowcytometric and immunoblotting analyses.ResultsSyk rapidly activates the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway is abolished in Syk−/− RAW264.7 cells. MyD88 activates Syk and Syk-induced activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells but Syk-induced inflammatory responses are significantly inhibited in MyD88−/− RAW264.7 cells. MyD88 interacts with Syk through the tyrosine 58 residue (Y58) in the hemi-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) of MyD88, leading to Syk activation and Syk-induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Src activates MyD88 by phosphorylation at Y58 via the Src kinase domain. In addition, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) activation and Rac1-induced formation of filamentous actin (F actin) activate Src in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the MyD88-Syk axis is a critical player in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses, and its function is promoted by an upstream Src kinase activated by Rac1-generated filamentous actin (F-actin).
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of As Cast (Al7.5Co21.9Cr10.9Ti5.0Fe21.9Ni32.8)100-xCux High-Entropy Alloys
Authors: Li Jiajun , Dong Yu , Wang Zemin , Liu Min , Ding Yi , Fu Bin , Wang Zhanyong 
Published: December 2021

This study focused on the role of Cu in the microstructure characteristics and tensile properties of novel L12-strengthened multicomponent high-entropy alloys (HEAs). A series of as-cast (Al7.5Co21.9Cr10.9Ti5.0Fe21.9Ni32.8)100-xCux (x = 0.5, 2.5, 5.0) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were prepared. The microstructures and mechanical properties of HEAs were investigated using X-ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope, and atom probe tomography. The XRD patterns of HEAs confirmed that all HEAs consisted of the FCC phase and the L12 phase. As Cu content increased, the dendritic was gradually coarsened. The spherical L12 size decreased, and number density increased in the interdendritic regions (ID). The L12 mainly contained Ni, Ti, Al, and Cu. The acicular L12 size increased and was continuously distributed in the dendritic regions (DR) as the Cu content increased gradually. The ultimate strength and elongation decreased from 1,002 MPa, 20.0% to 906 MPa, 13.1%, respectively. The segregation rates of Ti, Cu, and Al increased in the DR and ID. The L12 nano-precipitates in the DR become denser and finer, while the L12 islets in the ID region increase and elongate. Large lattice distortion caused by Cu addition weakens the strength of the L12-FCC phase boundary, leading to the premature fracture of the three HEAs, which were the main reasons for the decreases in strength and ductility as Cu content increased.