bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in wastewater treatment plant workers and surrounding residents — the AWARE Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Molina Daloha , Berglund Fanny , Blaak Hetty , Flach Carl-Fredrik , Kemper Merel , Marutescu Luminita , Gradisteanu Gratiela Pircalabioru , Popa Marcela , Spießberger Beate , Weinmann Tobias , Wengenroth Laura , Chifiriuc Mariana Carmen , Larsson D. G. Joakim , Nowak Dennis , Radon Katja , de Roda Husman Ana Maria , Wieser Andreas , Schmitt Heike 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo investigate
whether wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) workers and residents living in close proximity to a WWTP have elevated carriage rates of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, as compared to the general population. From 2018 to 2020, we carried out a cross-sectional study in Germany, the Netherlands, and Romania among WWTP workers (N = 344), nearby residents (living ≤ 300 m away from WWTPs; N = 431) and distant residents (living ≥ 1000 m away = reference group; N = 1165). We collected information on potential confounders via questionnaire. Culture of participants’ stool samples was performed with ChromID®-ESBL agar plates and species identification with MALDI-TOF–MS. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for carrying ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL-EC). Sensitivity analyses included stratification by country and interaction models using country as secondary exposure. Prevalence of ESBL-EC was 11% (workers), 29% (nearby residents), and 7% (distant residents), and higher in Romania (28%) than in Germany (7%) and the Netherlands (6%). Models stratified by country showed that within the Romanian population, WWTP workers are about twice as likely (aOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.22–4.50) and nearby residents about three times as likely (aOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.80–5.59) to be ESBL-EC carriers, when compared with distant residents. In stratified analyses by country, we found an increased risk for carriage of ESBL-EC in Romanian workers and nearby residents. This effect was higher for nearby residents than for workers, which suggests that, for nearby residents, factors other than the local WWTP could contribute to the increased carriage.
A tractable multi-leader multi-follower peak-load-pricing model with strategic interaction
Authors: Grimm Veronika , Nowak Daniel , Schewe Lars , Schmidt Martin , Schwartz Alexandra , Zöttl Gregor 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile single-level Nash equilibrium problems are quite well understood nowadays, less is known about multi-leader multi-follower games. However, these have important applications, e.g., in the analysis of electricity and gas markets, where often a limited number of firms interacts on various subsequent markets. In this paper, we consider a special class of two-level multi-leader multi-follower games that can be applied, e.g., to model strategic booking decisions in the European entry-exit gas market. For this nontrivial class of games, we develop a solution algorithm that is able to compute the complete set of Nash equilibria instead of just individual solutions or a bigger set of stationary points. Additionally, we prove that for this class of games, the solution set is finite and provide examples for instances without any Nash equilibria in pure strategies. We apply the algorithm to a case study in which we compute strategic booking and nomination decisions in a model of the European entry-exit gas market system. Finally, we use our algorithm to provide a publicly available test library for the considered class of multi-leader multi-follower games. This library contains problem instances with different economic and mathematical properties so that other researchers in the field can test and benchmark newly developed methods for this challenging class of problems.
Disentangling the effect of climatic and hydrological predictor variables on benthic macroinvertebrate distributions from predictive models
Authors: Irving Katie , Jähnig Sonja C. , Kuemmerlen Mathias 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLotic freshwater macroinvertebrate species distribution models (SDMs) have been shown to improve when hydrological variables are included. However, most studies to date only include data describing climate or stream flow-related surrogates. We assessed the relative influence of climatic and hydrological predictor variables on the modelled distribution of macroinvertebrates, expecting model performance to improve when hydrological variables are included. We calibrated five SDMs using combinations of bioclimatic (bC), hydrological (H) and hydroclimatic (hC) predictor datasets and compared model performance as well as variance partition of all combinations. We investigated the difference in trait composition of communities that responded better to either bC or H configurations. The dataset bC had the most influence in terms of proportional variance, however model performance was increased with the addition of hC or H. Trait composition demonstrated distinct patterns between associated model configurations, where species that prefer intermediate to slow-flowing current conditions in regions further downstream performed better with bC–H. Including hydrological variables in SDMs contributes to improved performance, it is however, species-specific and future studies would benefit from hydrology-related variables to link environmental conditions and diverse communities. Consequently, SDMs that include climatic and hydrological variables could more accurately guide sustainable river ecosystem management.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-reinforced ceramic nanocomposites for aerospace applications: a review
Authors: Ramachandran Karthikeyan , Boopalan Vignesh , Bear Joseph C. , Subramani Ram 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdvances in the nanotechnology have been actively applied to the field of aerospace engineering where there is a constant necessity of high durable material with low density and better thermo-mechanical properties. Over the past decade, carbon nanotubes-based composites are widely utilised owing to its fascinating properties resulting in series of multidisciplinary industrial applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are rolled up sheets of carbon in nanoscale which offers excellent thermal and mechanical properties at lower density which makes them suitable reinforcement for composites in aerospace applications. Owing to its high Young’s modulus and chemically inert behaviour, CNTs are forefront of material research with applications varying from water purification to aerospace applications where applicational sector remains a mystery. Although there has been numerous research on the CNTs-based materials, there are only limited studies focusing on its utilisation for the field of aerospace engineering. As a result, in this review, we intend to cover the processing and synthesis techniques, thermal and mechanical properties as well as few industrial applications of CNTs-reinforced ceramic composites. Further, any potential development in additive manufacturing-based technique for fabricating CNT/ceramics and its applications in aerospace industries have been highlighted.
Barriers to implementing adaptable housing: architects’ perceptions in Finland and Denmark
Authors: Tarpio Jyrki , Huuhka Satu , Vestergaard Inge 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdaptability is one key aspect in making housing more sustainable. One major approach to adaptability is internal transformability of buildings, i.e. the possibility to make modifications to the spaces and their equipment within the existing building envelope. This aspect is often taken into consideration in the design and implementation of office buildings. However, in housing the situation is different, and internal transformability is very seldom implemented in apartment buildings. There is a lack of studies for the reasons for this. In this article we take a look at the barriers to internal transformability of apartment buildings in two Nordic countries, Finland and Denmark. We compare the situations in both countries, and highlight their similarities and differences. The research is based on interviews of Finnish and Danish architects who have been involved in designing such buildings within the last 20 years. The interviews show that the disinterest of housing developers has been the main barrier to implementing internal transformability. Another important barrier is the developers’ cost-optimization. Secondary barriers were related to lack of solutions in building services that would support internal transformability. Additionally, secondary barriers were related to common construction techniques, regulations, and building conventions. Major barriers were similar in both countries. However, some differences in the secondary and other barriers between the two countries also exist.
Nietzsche on the passions and self-cultivation: contra the Stoics and Spinoza
Authors: Ansell-Pearson Keith 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough the literature on Nietzsche is now voluminous one area where there has surprisingly been very little research concerns Nietzsche on the passions. This essay aims to correct this neglect. My focus is on illuminating Nietzsche on the passions in relation to his primary teaching on self-cultivation. To illuminate his position, I focus attention on examining his relation to Stoic teaching on the passions. If for Nietzsche the Christian mind-set involves a disturbing pathological excess of feeling, the Stoic way of living results for him in a petrified of life devoid of movement and growth. After a consideration of his relation to Stoic teaching I then examine his relation to Spinoza on the emotions or affects. Whilst I acknowledge the affinities between the two thinkers and their criticisms of Stoic teaching, I maintain that it is an error to seek to construe Nietzsche and Spinoza as having an identical teaching on the passions. In the final section of the essay, I provide an appreciation of Nietzsche’s recommendation that instead of demonising the passions in the manner of the Christian psyche and its legacy, or extirpating our passions as recommended by the Stoics, we need to learn how to transform them into joys or delights.
Stretching and Rotation of Planar Quasiconformal Mappings on a Line
Authors: Hirviniemi Olli , Prause István , Saksman Eero 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, we examine stretching and rotation of planar quasiconformal mappings on a line. We show that for almost every point on the line, the set of complex stretching exponents (describing stretching and rotation jointly) is contained in the disk $ \overline {B}(1/(1-k^{4}),k^{2}/(1-k^{4}))$

B

¯

(
1
/
(
1
−

k

4

)
,

k

2

/
(
1
−

k

4

)
)
. This yields a quadratic improvement over the known optimal estimate for general sets of Hausdorff dimension 1. Our proof is based on holomorphic motions and estimates for dimensions of quasicircles. We also give a lower bound for the dimension of the image of a 1-dimensional subset of a line under a quasiconformal mapping.
Ambiguity aversion: bibliometric analysis and literature review of the last 60 years
Authors: Bühren Christoph , Meier Fabian , Pleßner Marco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe conduct a bibliometric analysis and review the literature of the last six decades on ambiguity aversion. Comparing trends in theoretical, experimental, and empirical contributions, our study presents the main aspects that are discussed in this literature. We show the increasing relevance of ambiguity aversion for decision-making research and discuss factors influencing attitudes on ambiguity. Our literature review reveals unsolved problems in the research on ambiguity and gives an outlook on new ventures for future research.
Hybrid manufacturing of topology optimized machine tool parts through a layer laminated manufacturing method
Authors: Helfesrieder Nico , Neubauer Michael , Lechler Armin , Verl Alexander 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLoad-oriented lightweight structures are commonly designed based on topology optimization. For machine tool parts, they enable the reduction of moving masses and therefore increase the resource and energy efficiency of production systems. However, this usually results in complex part structures that are difficult or impossible to produce using conventional manufacturing methods. In this paper, a hybrid layer laminated manufacturing (LLM) method is proposed enabling manufacturing of topology-optimized machine tool parts. The method is referred to as hybrid, as the subtractive structuring of metal sheets is combined with the additive joining of the sheets by adhesive bonding. This enables enclosed inner cavities without support structures, which are used to approximate the optimal density distribution from a topology optimization via manufacturing. The proposed LLM method is validated on the basis of a bearing block of a ball screw feed drive. A experimental study in the time and frequency domain on a test rig confirms the principle suitability of the LLM method for the production of industrial applicable lightweight components.
Surface reconstruction establishing Mott-Schottky heterojunction and built-in space-charging effect accelerating oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Kang Yao , Wang Shuo , Hui Kwan San , Wu Shuxing , Dinh Duc Anh , Fan Xi , Bin Feng , Chen Fuming , Geng Jianxin , Cheong Weng-Chon Max , Hui Kwun Nam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStructural reconstruction of nanomaterials offers a fantastic way to regulate the electronic structure of active sites and promote their catalytic activities. However, how to properly facilitate surface reconstruction to overcome large overpotential that stimulate the surface reconstruction has remained elusive. Herein, we adopt a facile approach to activate surface reconstruction on Ni(OH)2 by incorporating F anions to achieve electro-derived structural oxidation process and further boost its oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. Ex situ Raman and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy studies indicate that F ions incorporation facilitated surface reconstruction and promotes the original Ni(OH)2 transformed into a mesoporous and amorphous F-NiOOH layer during the electrochemical process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveals that this self-reconstructed NiOOH induces a space-charge effect on the p-n junction interface, which not only promotes the absorption of intermediates species (*OH, *O, and *OOH) and charge-transfer process during catalysis, but also leads to a strong interaction of the p-n junction interface to stabilize the materials. This work opens up a new possibility to regulate the electronic structure of active sites and promote their catalytic activities.
The Shape of Data: a Theory of the Representation of Information in the Cerebellar Cortex
Authors: Gilbert Mike 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a model of rate coding in the cerebellar cortex. The pathway of input to output of the cerebellum forms an anatomically repeating, functionally modular network, whose basic wiring is preserved across vertebrate taxa. Each network is bisected centrally by a functionally defined cell group, a microzone, which forms part of the cerebellar circuit. Input to a network may be from tens of thousands of concurrently active mossy fibres. The model claims to quantify the conversion of input rates into the code received by a microzone. Recoding on entry converts input rates into an internal code which is homogenised in the functional equivalent of an imaginary plane, occupied by the centrally positioned microzone. Homogenised means the code exists in any random sample of parallel fibre signals over a minimum number. The nature of the code and the regimented architecture of the cerebellar cortex mean that the threshold can be represented by space so that the threshold can be met by the physical dimensions of the Purkinje cell dendritic arbour and planar interneuron networks. As a result, the whole population of a microzone receives the same code. This is part of a mechanism which orchestrates functionally indivisible behaviour of the cerebellar circuit and is necessary for coordinated control of the output cells of the circuit. In this model, fine control of Purkinje cells is by input rates to the system and not by learning so that it is in conflict with the for-years-dominant supervised learning model.
Pointwise monotonicity of heat kernels
Authors: Alonso-Orán Diego , Chamizo Fernando , Martínez Ángel D. , Mas Albert 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper we present an elementary proof of a pointwise radial monotonicity property of heat kernels that is shared by the Euclidean spaces, spheres and hyperbolic spaces. The main result was discovered by Cheeger and Yau in 1981 and rediscovered in special cases during the last few years. It deals with the monotonicity of the heat kernel from special points on revolution hypersurfaces. Our proof hinges on a non straightforward but elementary application of the parabolic maximum principle. As a consequence of the monotonicity property, we derive new inequalities involving classical special functions.
Experimental study on rock-breaking mechanism of micro-coring PDC bit
Authors: Huang Shengsong , Gao Qingchun , Ye Xian , Yang Yingxin , Huang Kuilin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, in order to study the rock-breaking mechanism of the micro-coring PDC bit, a series of unit breaking experiments containing 2 breaking forms (static-pressure breaking and fracture breaking) are conducted on core columns of sandstone, limestone, and granite. Besides, a full-sized micro-coring PDC bit with a diameter of 152.4 mm is designed and manufactured and is used to conduct an indoor experiment on multiple sized sandstone core columns. The unit breaking experiment results show that ROP (rate of penetration) of the fracture breaking is higher than the static-pressure breaking. The indoor experiment results of the full-sized bit show that ROP of the micro-coring PDC bit is 49–112% higher than the conventional bit and that the diameter of core column shows greater influence on ROP, while the height of the column shows smaller. Moreover, the micro-coring PDC bit realizes volumetric fracture on all of the three types of rock samples. Since volumetric fracture produces large rock debris, the rock-breaking efficiency and ROP of the micro-coring PDC bit will be improved significantly.
Self-Assembled Nanomicelles of Affibody-Drug Conjugate with Excellent Therapeutic Property to Cure Ovary and Breast Cancers
Authors: Xia Xuelin , Yang Xiaoyuan , Huang Wei , Xia Xiaoxia , Yan Deyue 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAffibody molecules are small non-immunoglobulin affinity proteins, which can precisely target to some cancer cells with specific overexpressed molecular signatures. However, the relatively short in vivo half-life of them seriously limited their application in drug targeted delivery for cancer therapy. Here an amphiphilic affibody-drug conjugate is self-assembled into nanomicelles to prolong circulation time for targeted cancer therapy. As an example of the concept, the nanoagent was prepared through molecular self-assembly of the amphiphilic conjugate of ZHER2:342-Cys with auristatin E derivate, where the affibody used is capable of binding to the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Such a nanodrug not only increased the blood circulation time, but also enhanced the tumor targeting capacity (abundant affibody arms on the nanoagent surface) and the drug accumulation in tumor. As a result, this affibody-based nanoagent showed excellent antitumor activity in vivo to HER2-positive ovary and breast tumor models, which nearly eradicated both small solid tumors (about 100 mm3) and large established tumors (exceed 500  mm3). The relative tumor proliferation inhibition ratio reaches 99.8% for both models.
A Graph Mining Approach for Ranking and Discovering the Interesting Frequent Subgraph Patterns
Authors: Ur Rehman Saif , Liu Kexing , Ali Tariq , Nawaz Asif , Fong Simon James 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGraph mining is a well-established research field, and lately it has drawn in considerable research communities. It allows to process, analyze, and discover significant knowledge from graph data. In graph mining, one of the most challenging tasks is frequent subgraph mining (FSM). FSM consists of applying the data mining algorithms to extract interesting, unexpected, and useful graph patterns from the graphs. FSM has been applied to many domains, such as graphical data management and knowledge discovery, social network analysis, bioinformatics, and security. In this context, a large number of techniques have been suggested to deal with the graph data. These techniques can be classed into two primary categories: (i) a priori-based FSM approaches and (ii) pattern growth-based FSM approaches. In both of these categories, an extensive research work is available. However, FSM approaches are facing some challenges, including enormous numbers of frequent subgraph patterns (FSPs); no suitable mechanism for applying ranking at the appropriate level during the discovery process of the FSPs; extraction of repetitive and duplicate FSPs; user involvement in supplying the support threshold value; large number of subgraph candidate generation. Thus, the aim of this research is to make do with the challenges of enormous FSPs, avoid duplicate discovery of FSPs, and use the ranking for such patterns. Therefore, to address these challenges a new FSM frameworkA RAnkedFrequent pattern-growthFramework (A-RAFF) is suggested. Consequently, A-RAFF provides an efficacious answer to these challenges through the initiation of a new ranking measure called FSP-Rank. The proposed ranking measure FSP-Rank effectively reduced the duplicate and enormous frequent patterns. The effectiveness of the techniques proposed in this study is validated by extensive experimental analysis using different benchmark and synthetic graph datasets. Our experiments have consistently demonstrated the promising empirical results, thus confirming the superiority and practical feasibility of the proposed FSM framework.
An Adoptable Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Analysis to Select a Best Hair Mask Product-Extended Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method
Authors: Narayanamoorthy Samayan , Brainy J. V. , Manirathinam Thangaraj , Kalaiselvan Samayan , Kureethara Joseph Varghese , Kang Daekook 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHair masks (HMs) act as one of the solutions for most of the hair problems like dandruff, frizziness, breakage, premature- greying and so on. Due to its various benefits, HM products are acquiring more popularity among the individuals. As there are different varieties of HM products available in the market, the confusion arises in choosing a HM which suits the individual’s hair profile and causes less side effects. Here, we have employed multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) combined with fuzzy set theory to obtain better results. We used the extended Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method based on trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy set (TIT2FS) in this research paper to handle vagueness and complexity in real-world problems. For determining the objective weights of the criteria, we used the entropy method of weight finding. An example of selecting a hair mask product (HMP) among four alternatives based on five criteria is provided to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method. In comparison to other MCDM methods, the approach yielded more practical results. By doing a sensitive study, the method’s stability is also assessed.