bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hot Jupiter formation in dense clusters: secular chaos in multiplanetary systems
Authors: Wang Yi-Han , Perna Rosalba , Leigh Nathan W C , Shara Michael M 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Exoplanetary observations reveal that the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters is correlated with star clustering. In star clusters, interactions between planetary systems and close flyby stars can significantly change the architecture of primordially coplanar, circular planetary systems. Flybys can impact hot Jupiter formation via activation of high-eccentricity excitation mechanisms such as the Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai (ZLK) effect and planet–planet scattering. Previous studies have shown that, for a two-planet system, close flybys, especially at high incidence angles, can efficiently activate the ZLK mechanism, thus triggering high-eccentricity tidal migration and ultimately form hot Jupiters. Here, we extend our previous study with a multiplanet (triple) system. We perform high-precision, high-accuracy few-body simulations of stellar flybys and subsequent planetary migration within the perturbed planetary systems using the code spacehub. Our simulations demonstrate that a single close flyby on a multiplanet system can activate secular chaos and ultimately lead to hot Jupiter formation via high-eccentricity migration. We find that the hot Jupiter formation rate per system increases with both the size of the planetary system and the mass of the outer planet, and we quantify the relative formation fractions for a range of parameters. Hot Jupiters formed via secular chaos are expected to be accompanied by massive companions with very long periods. Our study further shows that flyby-induced secular chaos is preferred in low-density clusters where multiplanet systems are more likely to survive, and that it contributes a significant fraction of hot Jupiter formation in star clusters compared to the flyby-induced ZLK mechanism.
Loss of MED12 activates the TGFβ pathway to promote chemoresistance and replication fork stability in BRCA-deficient cells
Authors: Jackson Lindsey M , Dhoonmoon Ashna , Hale Anastasia , Dennis Kady A , Schleicher Emily M , Nicolae Claudia M , Moldovan George-Lucian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Understanding chemoresistance mechanisms in BRCA-deficient cells will allow for identification of biomarkers for predicting tumor response to therapy, as well as the design of novel therapeutic approaches targeting this chemoresistance. Here, we show that the protein MED12, a component of the Mediator transcription regulation complex, plays an unexpected role in regulating chemosensitivity in BRCA-deficient cells. We found that loss of MED12 confers resistance to cisplatin and PARP inhibitors in both BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient cells, which is associated with restoration of both homologous recombination and replication fork stability. Surprisingly, MED12-controlled chemosensitivity does not involve a function of the Mediator complex, but instead reflects a distinct role of MED12 in suppression of the TGFβ pathway. Importantly, we show that ectopic activation of the TGFβ pathway is enough to overcome the fork protection and DNA repair defects of BRCA-mutant cells, resulting in chemoresistance. Our work identifies the MED12-TGFβ module as an important regulator of genomic stability and chemosensitivity in BRCA-deficient cells.
FARS2 deficiency in Drosophila reveals the developmental delay and seizure manifested by aberrant mitochondrial tRNA metabolism
Authors: Fan Wenlu , Jin Xiaoye , Xu Man , Xi Yongmei , Lu Weiguo , Yang Xiaohang , Guan Min-Xin , Ge Wanzhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are linked to diverse diseases. However, the precise mechanisms by which these mutations affect mitochondrial function and disease development are not fully understood. Here, we develop a Drosophila model to study the function of dFARS2, the Drosophila homologue of the mitochondrial phenylalanyl–tRNA synthetase, and further characterize human disease-associated FARS2 variants. Inactivation of dFARS2 in Drosophila leads to developmental delay and seizure. Biochemical studies reveal that dFARS2 is required for mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation, mitochondrial protein stability, and assembly and enzyme activities of OXPHOS complexes. Interestingly, by modeling FARS2 mutations associated with human disease in Drosophila, we provide evidence that expression of two human FARS2 variants, p.G309S and p.D142Y, induces seizure behaviors and locomotion defects, respectively. Together, our results not only show the relationship between dysfunction of mitochondrial aminoacylation system and pathologies, but also illustrate the application of Drosophila model for functional analysis of human disease-causing variants.
Peer-Delivery of a Gender-Specific Smoking Cessation Intervention for Women Living in Disadvantaged Communities in Ireland We Can Quit2 (WCQ2)—A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hayes Catherine B , Patterson Jenny , Castello Stefania , Burke Emma , O’Connell Nicola , Darker Catherine D , Bauld Linda , Vance Joanne , Ciblis Aurelia , Dobbie Fiona , Loudon Kirsty , Devane Declan , Dougall Nadine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe Can Quit” (WCQ) is community-based stop-smoking program delivered by trained community facilitators, based on the socio-ecological framework and developed using a Community-based Participatory Research approach, targeting women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged (SED) areas of Ireland.Aims and MethodsThe We Can Quit2 (WCQ2) pilot trial assessed the feasibility of WCQ. A pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial with a process evaluation WCQ2, was conducted in four matched pairs of SED districts (8–10 000 women per district). Districts were independently randomized to WCQ (group support + nicotine replacement therapy), or to individual support delivered by health professionals. Participants were adult women smokers interested in quitting, who were living or working in trial districts. Recruitment of districts and 194 women in four waves (49 women per wave); retention at 12 weeks and 6 months; fidelity to intervention delivery and acceptability of trial-related processes were assessed. Validated smoking abstinence at 12-week and 6-month post-intervention was recorded, missing data assumed as continued smoking.ResultsEight districts were recruited. 125/188 (66.5%) eligible women consented. The 49 women target was reached in wave4. Retention at 12 weeks was (Intervention [I]: 55.4%; Control [C]: 51.7%), at 6 months (I: 47.7%; C: 46.7%). Smoking abstinence at 12 weeks was (I: 23.1%, [95% CI: 14.5 to 34.7]; C: 13%, [95% CI: 6.9 to 24.1]). 83.8% of session activities were delivered. Trial-related processes were acceptable to facilitators. Low literacy was highlighted as a barrier for participants’ acceptability.ConclusionsWCQ was feasible to deliver by trained facilitators and indicated a positive direction in abstinence rates. Low literacy will need to be addressed in a future trial design.ImplicationsThis pilot trial showed that a stop-smoking intervention tailored to a group of women smokers living in SED areas which was delivered by trained local women within their local communities was feasible. Furthermore, although not formally compared, more WCQ women were abstinent from smoking at the end of treatment. The results are relevant to enhance the design of a fully powered effectiveness trial, and provide important evidence on the barriers to deliver a tailored smoking cessation service to SED women smokers in Ireland.
Metric Spaces
Authors: Davidson James 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter introduces and illustrates the concept of a metric (distance measure), and the definition of a metric space. Open, closed, and compact sets are discussed in a general context, and the concepts of separability and completeness introduced. It goes on to look at mappings on metric spaces, examines the important case of function spaces, and treats the Arzelà–Ascoli theorem.
Conditioning
Authors: Davidson James 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter deals in depth with the concept of conditional expectation. This is defined first in the traditional “naïve” manner, and then using the measure theoretic approach. A comprehensive set of properties of the conditional expectation are proved, generalizing several results of Ch. 9, and then multiple sub‐σ‎‐fields and nesting are considered, concluding with a treatment of conditional distributions and conditional independence.
Dependence
Authors: Davidson James 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A number of probabilistic approaches to the concept of dependence in stochastic sequences are contrasted. The fundamental idea is a shift transformation. Invariant and remote events and the idea of ergodicity are introduced and the ergodic theorem is proved. The final sections introduce the contrasting idea of dependence on sub-σ-fields with the notions of regularity and strong and uniform mixing defined among other variants.
FCLTs for Dependent Variables
Authors: Davidson James 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
After some technical preliminaries, this chapter gives two contrasting proofs of the functional central limit theorem for near‐epoch dependent functions of mixing processes. It goes on to consider variants of the result for nonstationary increments in which the limits are transformed Brownian motions, subject to distortions of the time domain. The multivariate case of the result is also given.
Weak Convergence to Stochastic Integrals
Authors: Davidson James 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The main object of this chapter is to prove the convergence of the covariances of stochastic processes with their increments to stochastic integrals with respect to Brownian motion. Some preliminary theory is given relating to random functionals on C, stochastic integrals, and the important Itô isometry. The main result is first proved for the tractable special cases of martingale difference increments and linear processes. The final section is devoted to proving the more difficult general case, of NED functions of mixing processes.
Noir Fiction and Film
Authors: Mitchell Lee Clark 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The argument of Noir Fiction and Film is curiously counterintuitive: that in a century of hard-boiled fiction and detective films, characteristics that at first seemed trivial swelled in importance, flourishing into crucial aspects of the genre. Among these are aimless descriptions of people and places irrelevant to plot, along with detectives consisting of little more than sparkling dialogue and flippant attitudes. What weaves together such features, however, seems to be a paradox: that a genre rooted in solving a mystery, structured around the gathering of clues, must do so by misdirecting our attention, even withholding information we think we need to generate the suspense we also desire. Yet successful noir stories and films enhance that suspense through passing diversions (descriptive details and eccentric perspectives) rather than depending on the centerpieces of plot alone (suspected motives or incriminating traces). As the most accomplished practitioners have realized, the “how” of detective fiction (its stylistic detours) draws us in more insistently than the “what” or the “who” (its linear advance). The achievement of recent film noir is to make that “how” become the tantalizing object of our entire attention, shorn of any pretense of reading for the plot, immersing us in the diversionary delight that has animated the genre from the beginning.
Prologue
Authors: Mitchell Lee Clark 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This introduction discusses genre fiction as a narrative structure that relies on familiar conventions, with particularly stark premises informing the mystery or noir genre. It anticipates the following chapters, which avoid historicist or sociological speculations about the rise of a readership for detective fiction, offering instead a variety of formal explanations for the genre’s continuing appeal. These are mostly stylistic stratagems shared by early hard-boiled writers, then elaborately cultivated in noir films, which seem at first to pale next to the often preposterous violence that drives the plots. But those formal maneuvers attest to a need for diversion, for misdirection and delay, that absorbs attention by swaying it from plot alone. Discussion then shifts to a review of each of the chapters to follow.
Sequel Reminders
Authors: Mitchell Lee Clark 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The fifth chapter switches to a different, structural issue: that of sequels, which have always appealed to authors of detective fiction. What does returning to an inaugural character require to revive interest in fresh adventures? In turn, how might a single sequel become a larger series, transforming the second novel into a succession of more or less ordered books that avoid simply starting over again, each as if anew? What instead does it take to weave together an enriched, intertwined history for a central detective, even one initially imagined as relatively two-dimensional? Exploring how subsequent novels cement reader loyalty by either addressing or sidestepping earlier episodes, this chapter looks at the stylistic stitching needed to integrate back-stories with more recent episodes. And it takes up the idiosyncratic strategies authors select to fuse memories and flashbacks together with psychological patterns, shaping the sum of individual parts into a more unified portrait.
Keats and Shelley
Authors: Everest Kelvin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter surveys the extent of Shelley’s fame and notoriety while he was alive. The period before his move to Italy in early 1818 were mainly isolated, but he was nevertheless known about in the privileged circles into which he was born, a landed aristocratic family, Eton, and Oxford. His eccentricity and strong views set him apart from his own class, but the extremity and free expression of his radicalism also alienated fellow-radicals. In poetic terms he was astute in recognising those contemporaries of lasting value. Specific attention is given to Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Thomas Moore. The years in Italy were also isolated except for the period of the ‘Pisan Circle’. Keats and Byron are importsant presence in Shelley’s later work, rather than overt influences.
Shelley and the Heart’s Echoes
Authors: Everest Kelvin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Shelley’s life and work are characterized by elements which repeat and echo through the ten years of his writing career. This feature is explored through various perspectives including Shelley’s use of rhyme and metre, his habit of dense allusiveness, and his tendency to revisit poetic forms. His interest in Platonism and metempsychosis is discussed, and his related preoccupation with the commonalities and affinities in human experience between individuals and across time. There is detailed consideration in these contexts of some relatively lesser-known late works including the poems to Jane Williams, and the fragments of the ‘Unfinished Drama’, which explore in highly original and challenging ways the notion of repetition and echoing in personal relationships, and through time.
Introduction
Authors: Whiting Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter introduces the idea that there are norms for belief and explains that one task of the book is to articulate some of those norms and the relations among them. This requires a theory of reasons. It is the other task of the book to provide one. The chapter also introduces a working assumption that guides the project, namely, that the normative is unified, and indicates how that project relates to two recent and influential research programmes in ethics and epistemology, respectively, reasons first and knowledge first. The chapter concludes with an overview of the book’s remaining chapters.
Subjective Reasons
Authors: Whiting Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective reasons depend on how things are. Subjective reasons depend on how things seem. Subjective reasons determine what it is rational to do. This chapter develops and defends a new account of subjective reasons, and thereby of practical rationality, in part via critical reflection on the leading alternative. The positive proposal is a modal one, which builds on the theories of objective and possessed reasons. Roughly, what appears to a person to be the case is a subjective reason for them to act when, in some nearby epistemically possible world in which it obtains, it is right in some way for them to act. The chapter concludes by showing how the framework might be further extended to capture the idea that rationality depends on credences, desires, and normative beliefs.
Appearance and Explanation
Authors: McCain Kevin , Moretti Luca 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
McCain and Moretti develop a new appearance/seemings-based theory of epistemic justification. This theory, Phenomenal Explanationism, takes as a reasonable starting point the idea that how things appear provides evidence about how the world is. However, unlike other appearance-based theories, Phenomenal Explanationism does not rely on an overly simplistic account of evidential support where things appearing a particular way is sufficient for rationally believing they are that way. Instead, Phenomenal Explanationism takes the insight that appearances are evidence and imbeds it into a broader explanationist framework. In this broader framework the world appearing a particular way provides sufficient justification for believing the world is that way just in case the world being the way it appears best explains the total evidence. Although Phenomenal Explanationism draws inspiration from Phenomenal Conservatism and explanationist theories, it is superior to both in that it offers a satisfying, complete theory of epistemic justification.
Advanced Sequence Analysis
Authors: El-Nasr Magy Seif , Dinh Truong Huy Nguyen , Canossa Alessandro , Drachen Anders 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter discusses more advanced methods for sequence analysis. These include: probabilistic methods using classical planning, Bayesian Networks (BN), Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBNs), Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), Markov Logic Networks (MLNs), Markov Decision Process (MDP), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), specifically concentrating on LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory). These techniques are all great but, at this time, are mostly used in academia and less in the industry. Thus, the chapter takes a more academic approach, showing the work and its application to games when possible. The techniques are important as they cultivate future directions of how you can think about modeling, predicting players’ strategies, actions, and churn. We believe these methods can be leveraged in the future as the field advances and will have an impact in the industry. Please note that this chapter was developed in collaboration with several PhD students at Northeastern University, specifically Nathan Partlan, Madkour Abdelrahman Amr, and Sabbir Ahmad, who contributed greatly to this chapter and the case studies discussed.
Case Study
Authors: El-Nasr Magy Seif , Dinh Truong Huy Nguyen , Canossa Alessandro , Drachen Anders 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter discusses Social Network Analysis, a technique used to analyze social networks within social games as a method to enhance retention in games. We will show how one can use this method by applying it to the problem of retention within the game Tom Clancy’s The Division (TCTD). Using the game and the analysis will help you understand how to use SNA to understand types of players and influential players, and, as a result, understand how to engage different players, especially influencers, to increase retention. While the chapter will focus on the use of SNA for TCTD as a case study, the methods discussed under SNA can be applied to other types of games. Please note that this chapter is an extension of the work done by several collaborators to the authors, including Casper Harteveld (professor, Northeastern University), Sebastian Deterding (professor, York University), and Ahmad Azadvar (User Research Lead at Ubisoft Massive), and the work was accomplished with the support of Ubisoft, the Games Lab, and the Live Ops team at Massive Entertainment.
Curriculum Philosophy and Theory for Music Education Praxis
Authors: Regelski Thomas A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Curriculum Philosophy and Theory for Music Education Praxis is offered for advanced pre-service music education students, in-service teachers, and doctoral students. “Curriculum” is often poorly understood by music teachers. It also is a typically ignored topic in their teacher training where emphasis is on “methods,” but without prior planning of the musical goals those methods supposedly serve. The basic question of curriculum planning in this book, “What of all that could be taught is most worth learning?,” is not usually what teachers usually have in mind. In any case, too often their answers are not supportable by the rigorous philosophical and theoretical scholarship of this monograph. The result is the present anarchy of “programs” that fails to promote pragmatic and long-lasting results. This leads to the ever-growing “legitimation crisis” that advertises the aesthetic benefits of music education in schools. However, since these benefits are vague and intangible, music teachers constantly must engage in “advocacy” of their “programs.” This scholarly monograph accepts that pre- and in-service readers can understand the challenges of curriculum planning. It begins with a brisk survey of philosophies of music and music education inherited from the Greeks—included because they too often still dominate contemporary music teaching in negative ways. Then more recent and substantial bases of music curriculum and praxis theory of music and music education are examined as alternatives for planning curriculum built on intellectually substantial philosophical and theoretical grounds. The study concludes with a model curriculum based on recent praxis theory where musical and educational benefits are evident to students, administrators, and taxpayers and lead to “artful” living through music.
Contemporary Perspectives for Curriculum Theory
Authors: Regelski Thomas A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter thoroughly examines practice theory and its more recent cousin, praxis theory. Practice theory has three aspects: theoria, technē, and praxis. It is not to be confused with the commonplace use of the word “practice.” Thus, some details are needed to correct frequent misunderstanding of the term and theory by many authors. Extensive application to musicing and music curriculum helps understand these key ideas and their importance for music teachers. In addition, action learning is stressed for its relationship to community musicing, and post-modernism is explored both for its circularity and for its critical usefulness in exposing the metanarratives of traditional schooling.
The Art of Organizing
Authors: Woodly Deva R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The fourth chapter is an exploration both of the concept of organizing as distinct from mobilization, as an understudied yet critically important part of creating political change, and of the unique semi-federated organizational structure of the Movement for Black Lives. Political organizing, which is what leaders in social movements do, funds the capacity for political actors to recognize themselves as political subjects capable of acting, of creating something unexpected and new. It is not primarily about assembling a mass of people for a political cause (mobilization), nor “turning up” in defiance of authorities though protest (activism). In other words, political organizing is distinct from either mobilization or activism in that its result is not to do a thing but to become the kind of person who does what is to be done, and as such, it is of critical import to democracy itself.