bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Novel Management Tools for Phortica variegata (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Vector of the Oriental Eyeworm, Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida: Thelaziidae), in Europe
Authors: González M A , Bravo-Barriga D , Alarcón-Elbal P M , Álvarez-Calero J M , Quero C , Ferraguti M , López S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lachryphagous males of Phortica variegata (Fallén, 1823) are gaining increasing attention in Europe, as they act as vectors of the nematode Thelazia callipaeda Railliet & Henry, 1910, causal agent of thelaziosis, an emergent zoonotic disease. Currently, there are no effective control strategies against the vector, and surveillance and monitoring rely on time-consuming and nonselective sampling methods. Our aim was to improve the knowledge about the population dynamics and the chemical ecology of the species. A total of 5,726 P. variegata flies (96.4% males and 3.6% females, mostly gravid) were collected in field experiments during June–September of 2020 in an oak forest in northern Spain. Our results indicate that 1) by means of sweep netting a significantly higher number of captures were found both around the collector´s body and in the air than at ground level; 2) a positive relationship was detected between the abundance of Phortica flies and temperature, with two significant peaks of abundance at 24 and 33°C; 3) the blend of red wine and cider vinegar was the most attractive bait; 4) yellow traps captured fewer flies compared to black and transparent traps; and 5) a significant reduction toward vinegar and wine was detected in presence of the phenolic monoterpenoid carvacrol. In addition, all the males (n = 690) analyzed by both molecular detection and dissection resulted negative for the presence of T. callipaeda larvae. Overall, these findings provide a better understanding of the vector in terms of monitoring and management strategies.
The Eagle Has Landed: an unusual case of Eagle’s syndrome
Authors: AlAbdulwahed Reem , O’Flynn Paul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Eagle’s syndrome refers to a group of characteristic symptoms affecting the oropharynx and neck that are caused by regional compression of structures due to a calcified stylohyoid ligament or an elongated styloid process. Of its two types, the former type is more common than the latter, but carotid artery dissection as a result of an elongated styloid is exceptionally rare. Following an extensive literature review, we present a case of carotid artery dissection causing multiple strokes secondary to direct compression from an elongated styloid process. Managed surgically through excision of the elongated styloid and post-operative rehabilitation, the patient recovered well and was discharged on anti-thrombotic medication, preventing further potentially detrimental attacks.
A wind-blown bubble in the Central Molecular Zone cloud G0.253+0.016
Authors: Henshaw Jonathan D , Krumholz Mark R , Butterfield Natalie O , Mackey Jonathan , Ginsburg Adam , Haworth Thomas J , Nogueras-Lara Francisco , Barnes Ashley T , Longmore Steven N , Bally John , Kruijssen J M Diederik , Mills Elisabeth A C , Beuther Henrik , Walker Daniel L , Battersby Cara , Bulatek Alyssa , Henning Thomas , Ott Juergen , Soler Juan D 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
G0.253+0.016, commonly referred to as ‘the Brick’ and located within the Central Molecular Zone, is one of the densest (≈103–4 cm−3) molecular clouds in the Galaxy to lack signatures of widespread star formation. We set out to constrain the origins of an arc-shaped molecular line emission feature located within the cloud. We determine that the arc, centred on $\lbrace l_{0},b_{0}\rbrace =\lbrace 0{_{.}^{\circ}} 248,\, 0{_{.}^{\circ}} 018\rbrace$, has a radius of 1.3 pc and kinematics indicative of the presence of a shell expanding at $5.2^{+2.7}_{-1.9}$ $\mathrm{\, km\, s}^{-1}$. Extended radio continuum emission fills the arc cavity and recombination line emission peaks at a similar velocity to the arc, implying that the molecular gas and ionized gas are physically related. The inferred Lyman continuum photon rate is NLyC = 1046.0–1047.9 photons s−1, consistent with a star of spectral type B1-O8.5, corresponding to a mass of ≈12–20 M⊙. We explore two scenarios for the origin of the arc: (i) a partial shell swept up by the wind of an interloper high-mass star and (ii) a partial shell swept up by stellar feedback resulting from in situ star formation. We favour the latter scenario, finding reasonable (factor of a few) agreement between its morphology, dynamics, and energetics and those predicted for an expanding bubble driven by the wind from a high-mass star. The immediate implication is that G0.253+0.016 may not be as quiescent as is commonly accepted. We speculate that the cloud may have produced a ≲103 M⊙ star cluster ≳0.4 Myr ago, and demonstrate that the high-extinction and stellar crowding observed towards G0.253+0.016 may help to obscure such a star cluster from detection.
Spin-orbit misalignment from triple-star common envelope evolution
Authors: Soker Noam 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
I study a triple star common envelope evolution (CEE) of a tight binary system that is spiraling-in inside a giant envelope and launches jets that spin-up the envelope with an angular momentum component perpendicular to the orbital angular momentum of the triple star system. This occurs when the orbital plane of the tight binary system and that of the triple star system are inclined to each other, so the jets are not along the triple star orbital angular momentum. The merger of the tight binary stars also tilts the envelope spin direction. If the giant is a red supergiant (RSG) star that later collapses to form a black hole (BH) the BH final spin is misaligned with the orbital angular momentum. Therefore, CEE of neutron star (NS) or BH tight binaries with each other or with one main sequence star (MSS) inside the envelope of an RSG, where the jets power a common envelope jets supernova (CEJSN) event, might end with a NS/BH-NS/BH close binary system with spin-orbit misalignment. Such binaries can later merge to be gravitational waves sources. I list five triple star scenarios that might lead to spin-orbit misalignments of NS/BH-NS/BH binary systems, two of which predict that the two spins be parallel to each other. In the case of a tight binary system of two MSSs inside an asymptotic giant branch star the outcome is an additional non-spherical component to the mass loss with the formation of a ‘messy’ planetary nebula.
SDSS-IV MaStar: theoretical atmospheric parameters for the MaNGA stellar library
Authors: Hill Lewis , Thomas Daniel , Maraston Claudia , Yan Renbin , Neumann Justus , Lundgren Andrew , Lazarz Daniel , Chen Yan-Ping , Cappellari Michele , Holtzman Jon A , Imig Julie , Cunha Katia , Stringfellow Guy , Bizyaev Dmitry , Law David R , Stassun Keivan G , Drory Niv , Merrifield Michael , Beers Timothy C 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
We calculate the fundamental stellar parameters effective temperature, surface gravity, and iron abundance – Teff, log g, [Fe/H] – for the final release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) Stellar Library (MaStar), containing 59 266 per-visit-spectra for 24 290 unique stars at intermediate resolution (R ∼ 1800) and high S/N (median = 96). We fit theoretical spectra from model atmospheres by both MARCS and BOSZ-ATLAS9 to the observed MaStar spectra, using the full spectral fitting code pPXF. We further employ a Bayesian approach, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to map the parameter space and obtain uncertainties. Originally in this paper, we cross match MaStar observations with Gaia photometry, which enable us to set reliable priors and identify outliers according to stellar evolution. In parallel to the parameter determination, we calculate corresponding stellar population models to test the reliability of the parameters for each stellar evolutionary phase. We further assess our procedure by determining parameters for standard stars such as the Sun and Vega and by comparing our parameters with those determined in the literature from high-resolution spectroscopy (APOGEE and SEGUE) and from lower resolution matching template (LAMOST). The comparisons, considering the different methodologies and S/N of the literature surveys, are favourable in all cases. Our final parameter catalogue for MaStar cover the following ranges: 2592 ≤ Teff ≤ 32 983 K; −0.7 ≤ log g ≤ 5.4 dex; −2.9 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ 1.0 dex and will be available with the last SDSS-IV Data Release, in 2021 December.
Hyakushō in the Arafura Zone: Ecologizing the Nineteenth-Century ‘Opening of Japan’
Authors: Dotulong Manimporok 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the 1880s, ordinary fishers and other commoners who were intimately familiar with the seas left the Japanese archipelago in search of bluer waters. Ending up in South-East Asia and Australasia, these hyakushō used their local knowledge of nature to navigate unfamiliar ecological contexts and create ocean-spanning infrastructures capable of facilitating their everyday lives. The resulting transnational connections gave birth to the ‘Arafura Zone’, a largely non-state space where empires had little influence and mechanisms of the global marketplace met with both human and environmental friction. This article tells a new story of Japan’s nineteenth-century global connections. It shows how the so-called ‘Opening of Japan’ was not primarily characterized by the temporality of industrial civilization and the spatiality of an international community of civilized nation-states. Hyakushō developed a new understanding of time and space based on the monsoonal climate and the geographical distribution of marine biota. As a result, they came to share a nature-centric intellectual common ground with those who were more indigenous to the Arafura Zone. Drifting beyond conventional historical narratives of globalization, Japan’s transnational encounter with the Arafura Sea forces us to rethink the possible forms that global connectivity might take.
Conserved Two-component Hik2–Rre1 Signaling Is Activated Under Temperature Upshift and Plastoquinone-reducing Conditions in the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942
Authors: Bairagi Nachiketa , Watanabe Satoru , Nimura-Matsune Kaori , Tanaka Kenya , Tsurumaki Tatsuhiro , Nakanishi Shuji , Tanaka Kan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The highly conserved Hik2–Rre1 two-component system is a multi-stress responsive signal-transducing module that controls the expression of hsp and other genes in cyanobacteria. Previously, we found in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 that the heat-inducible phosphorylation of Rre1 was alleviated in a hik34 mutant, suggesting that Hik34 positively regulates signaling. In this study, we examined the growth of the hik34 deletion mutant in detail, and newly identified suppressor mutations located in rre1 or sasA gene negating the phenotype. Subsequent analyses indicated that heat-inducible Rre1 phosphorylation is dependent on Hik2 and that Hik34 modulates this Hik2-dependent response. In the following part of this study, we focused on the mechanism to control the Hik2 activity. Other recent studies reported that Hik2 activity is regulated by the redox status of plastoquinone (PQ) through the 3Fe-4S cluster attached to the cyclic GMP, adenylyl cyclase, FhlA (GAF) domain. Consistent with this, Rre1 phosphorylation occurred after the addition of 2,5-dibromo-6-isopropyl-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone but not after the addition of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea to the culture medium, which corresponded to PQ-reducing or -oxidizing conditions, respectively, suggesting that the Hik2-to-Rre1 phosphotransfer was activated under PQ-reducing conditions. However, there was no correlation between the measured PQ redox status and Rre1 phosphorylation during the temperature upshift. Therefore, changes in the PQ redox status are not the direct reason for the heat-inducible Rre1 phosphorylation, while some redox regulation is likely involved as oxidation events dependent on 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone prevented heat-inducible Rre1 phosphorylation. On the basis of these results, we propose a model for the control of Hik2-dependent Rre1 phosphorylation.
The U1 snRNP component RBP45d regulates temperature-responsive flowering in Arabidopsis
Authors: Chang Ping , Hsieh Hsin-Yu , Tu Shih-Long 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrecursor messenger RNA (Pre-mRNA) splicing is a crucial step in gene expression whereby the spliceosome produces constitutively and alternatively spliced transcripts. These transcripts not only diversify the transcriptome, but also play essential roles in plant development and responses to environmental changes. Much evidence indicates that regulation at the pre-mRNA splicing step is important for flowering time control; however, the components and detailed mechanism underlying this process remain largely unknown. Here, we identified the splicing factor RNA BINDING PROTEIN 45d (RBP45d), a member of the RBP45/47 family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using sequence comparison and biochemical analysis, we determined that RBP45d is a component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (U1 snRNP) with functions distinct from other family members. RBP45d associates with the U1 snRNP by interacting with pre-mRNA-processing factor 39a (PRP39a) and directly regulates alternative splicing (AS) for a specific set of genes. Plants with loss of RBP45d and PRP39a function exhibited defects in temperature-induced flowering, potentially due to the misregulation of temperature-sensitive AS of FLOWERING LOCUS M as well as the accumulation of the flowering repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. Taken together, RBP45d is a U1 snRNP component in plants that functions with PRP39a in temperature-mediated flowering.
Overcoming Free-Riding in Bandit Games
Authors: Hörner Johannes , Klein Nicolas , Rady Sven 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article considers a class of experimentation games with Lévy bandits encompassing those of Bolton and Harris (1999, Econometrica, 67, 349–374) and Keller, Rady, and Cripps (2005, Econometrica, 73, 39–68). Its main result is that efficient (perfect Bayesian) equilibria exist whenever players’ payoffs have a diffusion component. Hence, the trade-offs emphasized in the literature do not rely on the intrinsic nature of bandit models but on the commonly adopted solution concept (Markov perfect equilibrium). This is not an artefact of continuous time: we prove that efficient equilibria arise as limits of equilibria in the discrete-time game. Furthermore, it suffices to relax the solution concept to strongly symmetric equilibrium.
Efficacy of Potential Control Agents Against Rosellinia necatrix and Their Physiological Impact on Avocado
Authors: Magagula Phinda , Taylor Nicky , Swart Velushka , van den Berg Noëlani 
Published: November 2021

Rosellinia necatrix is the causal agent of white root rot (WRR), a fatal disease affecting many woody plants, including avocado (Persea americana). As with other root diseases, an integrated approach is required to control WRR. No fully effective control methods are available, and no chemical or biological agents against R. necatrix have been registered for use on avocado in South Africa. Fluazinam has shown promising results in the greenhouse and field in other countries, including Spain. The current study aimed to investigate the potential of a fumigant, chloropicrin, and biological control agents (B-Rus, Beta-Bak, Mity-Gro, and Trichoderma) against R. necatrix both in vitro and in vivo as compared with fluazinam. In a greenhouse trial, results showed that Trichoderma and B-Rus were as effective as fluazinam at inhibiting R. necatrix in vitro and suppressed WRR symptoms when applied before inoculation with R. necatrix. In contrast, Mity-Gro and Beta-Bak failed to inhibit the pathogen in vitro and in the greenhouse trial, despite application of the products to plants before R. necatrix infection. Fluazinam suppressed WRR symptoms in plants when applied at the early stages of infection, whereas chloropicrin rendered the pathogen nonviable when used as a preplant treatment. Plants treated with Trichoderma, B-Rus, and fluazinam sustained dry mass production and net CO2 assimilation by maintaining the green leaf tissues despite being infected with the pathogen. This study has important implications for the integrated management of WRR.
CE: Nurses Are More Exhausted Than Ever: What Should We Do About It?
Authors: Trinkoff Alison M. , Baldwin Carol M. , Chasens Eileen R. , Dunbar-Jacob Jacqueline , Geiger-Brown Jeanne , Imes Christopher C. , Landis Carol A. , Patrician Patricia A. , Redeker Nancy S. , Rogers Ann E. , Scott Linda D. , Todero Catherine M. , Tucker Sharon J. , Weinstein Sharon M. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT:
For nurses, the challenges posed by demanding work environments and schedules often lead to fatigue, and this can be exacerbated during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, the authors discuss causes and challenges of nurse fatigue and consider several evidence-based strategies and solutions for individual nurses and organizations. Barriers to implementation, including a negative workplace culture and inadequate staffing, are also described, and several resources are presented.
Insights into the molecular landscape of osteoarthritis in human tissues
Authors: Katsoula Georgia , Kreitmaier Peter , Zeggini Eleftheria 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
To provide an overview of recent developments in the field of osteoarthritis research with a focus on insights gleaned from the application of different -omic technologies.

Recent findings
We searched for osteoarthritis-relevant studies focusing on transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics, published since November of 2019. Study designs showed a trend towards characterizing the genomic profile of osteoarthritis-relevant tissues with high resolution, for example either by using single-cell technologies or by considering several -omic levels and disease stages.

Summary
Multitissue interactions (cartilage–subchondral bone; cartilage–synovium) are prevalent in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis, which is characterized by substantial matrix remodelling in an inflammatory milieu. Subtyping approaches using -omic technologies have contributed to the identification of at least two osteoarthritis endotypes. Studies using data integration approaches have provided molecular maps that are tissue-specific for osteoarthritis and pave the way for expanding these data integration approaches towards a more comprehensive view of disease aetiopathogenesis.
The Open Distal Chevron Osteotomy
Authors: Sleasman Brian T. , Mutawakkil Muhammad , Patel Milap , Kadakia Anish R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Hallux valgus is one of the more common complaints for patients presenting to a foot and ankle clinic. The open distal chevron osteotomy has been a successful and widely used treatment option for symptomatic patients with a mild to moderate deformity. In this paper we will review the evidence with a focus on recent publications, our indications and contraindications, technique, results, and potential complications of the procedure.

Levels of Evidence:
Level V.
Detectable A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs-1 in Serum Is Associated With Adverse Outcome in Pediatric Sepsis
Authors: Boeddha Navin P. , Driessen Gertjan J. , Hagedoorn Nienke N. , Kohlfuerst Daniela S. , Hoggart Clive J. , van Rijswijk Angelique L. , Ekinci Ebru , Priem Debby , Schlapbach Luregn J. , Herberg Jethro A. , de Groot Ronald , Anderson Suzanne T. , Fink Colin G. , Carrol Enitan D. , van der Flier Michiel , Martinón-Torres Federico , Levin Michael , Leebeek Frank W. , Zenz Werner , de Maat Moniek P. M. , Hazelzet Jan A. , Emonts Marieke , Dik Willem A. 
Published: November 2021

IMPORTANCE:
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 is hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of invasive infection, but studies in sepsis are lacking.

OBJECTIVES:
To study A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 protein level in pediatric sepsis and to study the association with outcome.

DESIGN:
Data from two prospective cohort studies.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:
Cohort 1 is from a single-center study involving children admitted to PICU with meningococcal sepsis (samples obtained at three time points). Cohort 2 includes patients from a multicenter study involving children admitted to the hospital with invasive bacterial infections of differing etiologies (samples obtained within 48 hr after hospital admission).

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Primary outcome measure was mortality. Secondary outcome measures were PICU-free days at day 28 and hospital length of stay.

RESULTS:
In cohort 1 (n = 59), nonsurvivors more frequently had A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 levels above the detection limit than survivors at admission to PICU (8/11 [73%] and 6/23 [26%], respectively; p = 0.02) and at t = 24 hours (2/3 [67%] and 3/37 [8%], respectively; p = 0.04). In cohort 2 (n = 240), A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 levels in patients within 48 hours after hospital admission were more frequently above the detection limit than in healthy controls (110/240 [46%] and 14/64 [22%], respectively; p = 0.001). Nonsurvivors more often had detectable A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 levels than survivors (16/21 [76%] and 94/219 [43%], respectively; p = 0.003), which was mostly attributable to patients with Neisseria meningitidis.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
In children with bacterial infection, detection of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 within 48 hours after hospital admission is associated with death, particularly in meningococcal sepsis. Future studies should confirm the prognostic value of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 and should study pathophysiologic mechanisms.
Trends in eclampsia in the United States, 2009–2017: a population-based study
Authors: Xiao Maggie Z.X. , Whitney Dylan , Guo Nan , Bentley Jason , Shaw Gary M. , Druzin Maurice L. , Butwick Alexander J. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Reducing the prevalence of eclampsia, a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity, is a maternal health priority. However, sparse data exist examining trends in the USA prevalence of eclampsia.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of eclampsia among live births in the United States from 2009 to 2017.

Study design:
This population-based cross-sectional study included live births in 41 USA states and the District of Columbia between 2009 and 2017. The prevalence of eclampsia among all women, women with chronic hypertension and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were reported by 1000 live births. Risk ratios adjusted for maternal characteristics were used to assess temporal trends.

Results:
Of 27 866 714 live births between 2009 and 2017, 83 000 (0.30%) were associated with eclampsia. The adjusted risk of eclampsia decreased 10% during the 7 most recent years of the cohort, with an adjusted risk ratio of 0.90 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.87–0.93] in 2017 relative to 2009. Relative to 2009, the adjusted risk of eclampsia in 2017 was substantially lower among women with chronic hypertension (adjusted risk ratio: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.46–0.57) and women with hypertensive pregnancy disorders (adjusted risk ratio: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.40–0.47). Among nonhypertensive women, there was a slight increase in the adjusted risk of eclampsia in 2017 relative to 2009 (adjusted risk ratio: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.10–1.17).

Conclusion:
Despite reductions in the eclampsia prevalence among women with chronic hypertension and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, public health initiatives are needed to reduce the overall eclampsia prevalence, especially in nonhypertensive women.