bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendrometric variables and traumatic resin ducts in pine species associated with wood-stripping: a traditional practice in the conifer forests of Central Mexico
Authors: Díaz-Carranza Guadalupe , Andrés Hernandez Agustina Rosa , Guillén Susana , Rivas-Arancibia Sombra Patricia , Montoya Esquivel Adriana 
Published: October 2021

Background: In La Malinche National Park (LMNP), Pinus species are exploited mainly because they are a non-woody source of products such as ocote (resinous wood chips) and wood.
Questions/Objective: Which Pinus species are subjected to wood-stripping (WS) in the LMNP? What are their dendrometric characteristics? Do WS trees present traumatic resin ducts associated with the ocoteo practice? Does the number of trees subjected to WS increase with altitude?
Study site and dates: La Malinche National Park; Tlaxcala, México, 2017-2018.
Methods: Random stratified sampling was done in a total of 33 plots in three different altitudes to quantify the number of damaged and undamaged trees and the total height and diameter per tree in each plot. Increment borers were obtained to estimate tree age, samples were taken for taxonomic determination, and tissue samples to evaluate mechanical damage.
Results: Pine species subjected to wood-stripping (ocoteo) were P. leiophylla, P. montezumae, P. pseudostrobus, and P. teocote, with P. montezumae being the most affected in high and mid altitudes. WS trees were those with the greatest diameter and with the largest number of traumatic resin ducts. The species having the highest number of traumatic resin ducts was P. teocote.
Conclusions: WS intensity in the LMNP is greater in the mid and low altitudes and in trees of greater diameter, height, and age. The species most affected by WS is P. montezumae and all WS individuals have a significantly higher number of traumatic resin ducts.
Resonances and Lander Modes Observed by InSight on Mars (1–9 Hz)
Authors: Dahmen Nikolaj L. , Zenhäusern Géraldine , Clinton John F. , Giardini Domenico , Stähler Simon C. , Ceylan Savas , Charalambous Constantinos , van Driel Martin , Hurst Kenneth J. , Kedar Sharon , Lognonné Philippe , Murdoch Naomi , Myhill Robert , Panning Mark P. , Pike William T. , Schimmel Martin , Schmelzbach Cédric , Scholz John-Robert , Stott Alexander E. , Stutzmann Eleonore , Banerdt William B. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASAs) Interior exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) lander successfully touched down on Mars in November 2018, and, for the first time, a seismometer was deployed on the surface of the planet. The seismic recordings reveal diurnal and seasonal changes of the broadband noise level that are consistent with variations of the local atmospheric conditions. The seismic data include a variety of spectral peaks, which are interpreted as wind-excited, mechanical resonances of the lander, resonances of the subsurface, or artifacts produced in the measurement system. Understanding the origin of these signals is critical for the detection and characterization of marsquakes as well as for studies investigating the ambient noise. We identify the major spectral peaks up to 9 Hz, corresponding to the frequency range the most relevant to observed marsquakes. We track the variations in frequency, amplitude, and polarization of these peaks over the duration of the mission so far. The majority of these peaks can readily be classified as measurement artifacts or lander resonances (lander modes), of which the latter have a temperature-dependent peak frequency and a wind-sensitive amplitude. Of particular interest is a prominent resonance at 2.4 Hz, which is used to discriminate between seismic events and local noise and is possibly produced by a subsurface structure. In contrast to the lander modes, the 2.4 Hz resonance has distinctly different features: (1) a broad and stable spectral shape, slightly shifted on each component; (2) predominantly vertical energy; (3) temperature-independent peak frequency; (4) comparatively weak amplification by local winds, though there is a slow change in the diurnal and seasonal amplitude; and (5) excitation during all seismic events that excite this frequency band. Based on these observations, we suggest that the 2.4 Hz resonance is the only mode below 9 Hz that could be related to a local ground structure.
Classroom Process and Learning Achievement of MLE and Non-Mle Schools of Keonjhar District
Authors: Dr. Ranjan Kumar Rout  
Published: October 2021

NEP, 2020 remarks that a person educated in one’s language, culture, and traditions is not a detriment but indeed a huge benefit to educational, social, and technological advancement. Understanding the relevance of mother tongue as the medium of learning for linguistic minority groups, government of Odisha has introduced Multi Lingual System of Education as a pilot basis from 2006-07 with a view to achieve equitable quality education. To know the ground realities of MLE programme for Juanga learners in terms of classroom process, assessment process and achievement levels the present study was undertaken. The present study comes under the purview of cross‐sectional research design and undertaken through case study approach. Through purposive sampling technique the researcher selects one MLE and one Non-MLE school from Banspal block of Keonjhar district in Odisha. From these schools all class-III tribal learners and all the teachers were selected purposefully and incidentally respectively. Three self made tools i.e. Classroom Observation Schedule, Achievement Test (Juanga Language) and Achievement Test (Odia Language) were used in this study. The data was analysed and interpreted through qualitative data analysis technique, percentage analysis technique. The present study reveals that introduction of MLE in the tribal school has created a good classroom climate in the school so far as activeness of the learners, classroom management, and presentation of learning experiences is concerned. The achievement level in language is upto mark in MLE schools due to the effect of MLE programm.
Key words: Classroom Process, Learning Achievement, Multilingual Education
Strategic Purchasing and Performance of Public Procurement in Rwanda
Authors: Euthyme Mudaheranwa 
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between strategic purchasing and performance of public procurement, a case of Rwanda Basic Education Board (REB). The specific objectives were to examine the relationship between cost management and performance of public procurement at REB, to establish the relationship between supplier relationship and performance of public procurement at REB, to establish the relationship between records management and performance of public procurement at REB and to examine the relationship between procurement plan management and performance of public procurement. A cross sectional data was collected from a sample of 112 staff from REB and its supplier/contractors in the period 2016-2018. Data was collected using a close-ended questionnaire. The literature review was based on the institutional, network and agency theories. Empirical literature on variables studied in this study were also reviewed.
The results on the first objective indicated a positive relationship between cost management and performance of public procurement at REB. For the second objective, the results indicated a positive relationship between supplier relationship and performance of public procurement at REB. For the third objective, the results indicated the positive relationship between records management and performance of public procurement at REB and for the fourth objective, the findings indicated a positive relationship between procurement plan management and performance of public procurement. Findings also revealed that among the predictors procurement plan management was noted to be a better predictor of relationship.
The researcher recommends Government of Rwanda to give important place in public procurement items that were produced/ manufactured in Rwanda. Apart from enhancing made in Rwanda, the researcher recommends the government of Rwanda to review the public procurement process. The researcher recommends that trainings in procurement planning shall be offered to procurement officers and other people in connection with public procurement. For REB, the researcher recommends them to put in place strategic purchasing policy which shall determine why where, when and what services, works and goods to be purchased. The researcher also recommends REB to review the way archive for tender documents is maintained.
Edukasi Penyakit Diabetes Melitus dan Cara Pemeriksaan Glukosa Darah Secara Mandiri
Authors: Sholikah Tri Agusti , Febrinasari Ratih Puspita , Pakha Dyonisa Nasirochmi 
Published: October 2021

<p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Pendahuluan: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit metabolik kronis yang masih menjadi perhatian di dunia. Penyakit ini ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa pada sirkulasi darah atau disebut dengan hiperglikemia. Deteksi dini penyakit DM dan pemantauan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita DM sangatlah penting untuk dilakukan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan apabila kadar glukosa darah sangat tinggi atau tidak terkontrol akan menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi serius diberbagai organ tubuh, sehingga dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien. Saat ini telah tersedia alat pemeriksaan glukosa darah yang mudah digunakan masyarakat yaitu glukometer. Namun, nampaknya masih banyak masyarakat yang belum terampil menggunakannya. Selain itu banyak masyarakat yang belum memahami penyakit DM secara holistik sehingga perlu dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tentang penyakit DM.</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Metode:</strong><strong> </strong>Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah edukasi tentang penyakit Diabetes Melitus secara holistik melalui penyebaran video di grup-grup Whatsapp, Instagram, Facebook dan Youtube. Video edukasi tersebut terdiri dari 3 buah video, yaitu video tentang penyakit DM secara holistik, video cara penggunaan glukometer untuk memeriksa glukosa darah, dan video tentang DM di era COVID-19. Setelah disebarkan, masyarakat diminta memberikan respon melalui<em> </em>kuesioner. </p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Hasil dan pembahasan:</strong><strong> </strong>Sebagian besar responden sangat setuju bahwa video yang diunggah membuat mereka menjadi lebih paham mengenai penyakit diabetes melitus dan cara menggunakan glukometer.</p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai penyakit DM dan cara memeriksa glukosa darah secara mandiri dengan glukometer.</p>
Bajando la escala en las redes de interacción planta-frugívoro para un ensamblaje de consumidores de ficus
Authors: Valenzuela Ospina Leonor , Kattan Gustavo H. 
Published: October 2021

Medir la fuerza de la interacción es clave para comprender la dinámica de las redes mutualistas. Sin embargo, la variación intraespecífica en los rasgos de las especies puede afectar los patrones y resultados de las interacciones a una escala aún no medida. En este estudio, exploramos cómo la variación individual en la producción de frutos en una especie de Ficus modula el consumo de frutos por aves. El grado, expresado como número de especies, y las tasas de visitas, expresadas como número individuos y su equivalente en biomasa, fueron independientes del tamaño de la cosecha. Sin embargo, el número acumulado para las tres variables fue proporcional al tamaño de la cosecha. El número de especies de aves pequeñas (<100 g) fue el doble que el de las especies grandes. Sin embargo, la biomasa de ambos grupos fue equivalente. El consumo, expresado tanto en tasa como en ingesta total, fue proporcional al tamaño corporal de las aves. Estos resultados sugieren que la interacción entre aves y Ficus depende de la distribución del tamaño de ambos organismos. Además, desde la perspectiva de los consumidores, la cantidad de energía que obtiene cada ave depende de las características individuales del árbol.
Clear evidence against superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure
Authors: Hirsch Jorge , Marsiglio Frank 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Meissner effect, magnetic field expulsion, is a hallmark of superconductivity. Associated with it, superconductors exclude applied magnetic fields. Recently Minkov et al. presented experimental results reportedly showing ``definitive evidence of the Meissner effect'' in sulfur hydride and lanthanum hydride under high pressure [1]. Instead, we show here that the evidence presented in that paper does not support the case for superconductivity in these materials. Together with experimental evidence discussed in earlier papers, we argue that this clearly indicates that hydrides under pressure are not high temperature superconductors.
Experimental And Numerical Study On Surface Generated Mechanism of Robotic Belt Grinding Process Considering The Dynamic Deformation of Elastic Contact Wheel
Authors: Liu Mingjun , Gong Yadong , Sun Jingyu , Zhao Yuxin , Sun Yao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the robotic belt grinding process, the elastic contact condition between the flexible tool and the workpiece is a critical issue which extremely influences the surface quality of the manufactured part. The existing analysis of elastic removal mechanism is based on the statistic contact condition but ignoring the dynamic removal phenomenon. In this paper, we discussed the dynamic contact pressure distribution caused by the non-unique removal depth in the grinding process. Based on the analysis of the equivalent removal depth of a single grit and the trajectories of grits in manufacturing procedure, an elastic grinding surface topography model was established with the consideration of the dynamic contact condition in the removing process. Robotic belt grinding experiments were accomplished to validate the precision of this model, while the result showed that the surface roughness prediction error could be confined to 11.6%, which meant this model provided higher accuracy than the traditional predicting methods.
Facile Synthesis of Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl Mix-Crystals And Its Supercapacitive Behavior
Authors: Song Y.Z. , Qi B.X. , Li M.T. , Xie J.M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals for supercapacitor were successfully synthesized via a facile solid-phase method using Bi(NO3)3 and MnCl2 with molar ratio of 1:1 as precursors. The Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements and thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge technique were performed for the Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals in 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solutions; the specific capacitance of Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl was about 203 F.g-1 at the current density of 3 A. g-1 with a long life time, owing to the high power density of Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals and the higher surface area, good conductivity, and high stability of the Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals.
Development of the knowledge test of medical instruments and materials for cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Tanabe Kouichi , Nitta Atsumi , Origasa Hideki , Nishitani Miyuki , Yatsuduka Miki , Yasuda Tomomi , Yasuda Hatsuna , Hosoya Ken-ichi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Focusing on medical instruments and materials used for high-risk medicines for cancer treatments, a test on knowledge of medical instruments requiring acquisition of basic knowledge and materials was developed for students in pharmacy school. The aim of the study is to investigate the reliability and validity of the test (medical instruments and materials for cancer treatment-Questionnaire 45; MIMCT-Q45) we developed.
Methods
Focus group discussion was performed by participants consisting of medical staff considered to have abundant experience of cancer chemotherapy. Content analysis was performed and a list of extracted medical instruments and materials was prepared. A questionnaire survey was performed twice in pharmacy students to confirm reliability employing the retest method. Responses were also collected from nurses and pharmacists to investigate discriminative validity on comparison with the students. Furthermore, difficulty and discrimination were estimated using the item response theory (IRT).
Results
Thirteen types of medical instruments and materials were extracted and listed in the knowledge test. In the questionnaire survey, the overall Cronbach’s α and interclass correlation coefficient were high, but Cronbach’s α was slightly low (0.56-0.58) in some categories. The range of discrimination estimated based on IRT was 0.98-3.09, and that of difficulty was -0.91-3.00.
Conclusions
A knowledge test on cancer chemotherapy-related medical instruments and materials including palliative care at home (MIMCT-Q45) was prepared, and its reliability and validity were confirmed. MIMCT-Q45 might serve as a guidance on basic knowledge to be acquired by students and resident pharmacists and be useful to confirm the level of acquired knowledge.
Optimization of scan range and timing in postoperative CT imaging follow-up for ovarian cancer
Authors: Matsutani Hiroki , Nakai Go , Fujiwara Satoe , Takahashi Satoru , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Ohmichi Masahide , Osuga Keigo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to optimize the scan range and timing in postoperative CT imaging follow-up for ovarian cancer (OC) patients based on the recurrence pattern in CT imaging and clinical findings.
Methods: The subjects were 194 consecutive patients with primary OC treated at our hospital between 2014 and 2019. Recurrence patterns on chest and abdominopelvic CT images obtained for routine postoperative follow-up were evaluated retrospectively to optimize scan range. Medical records were reviewed to determine whether clinical signs and symptoms (patient-reported symptoms and transvaginal ultrasound findings) and tumor markers levels can be sufficiently reliable indicators of recurrence to optimize timing.
Results: A total of 890 CT examinations were performed for the 194 patients. Data from the 146 patients with no residual disease at the first CT after standard treatment were analyzed. Recurrence was detected by CT in 15 patients: abdominopelvic recurrence alone in 12 patients, and concurrent chest and abdominopelvic recurrence in 3 patients (2.1%). Abdominopelvic recurrence preceded chest recurrence in all cases. At the time of CT-based recurrence, 13 patients (87%) had medical examination findings and/or elevated tumor markers, while the remaining 2 patients had neither.
Conclusions: Regular medical examination and tumor markers were useful for detecting recurrence, but overlooked 13% of patients with recurrence. This indicates that routine abdominopelvic CT is essential for follow-up. However, routine chest CT may not be necessary unless abdominopelvic recurrence is detected first.
Robust Sliding Mode Control of a Magnetic Levitation System: Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Approaches
Authors: Vernekar Pratik , Bandal Vitthal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents three types of sliding mode controllers for a magnetic levitation system. First, a proportional-integral sliding mode controller (PI-SMC) is designed using a new switching surface and a proportional plus power rate reaching law. The PI-SMC is more robust than a feedback linearization controller in the presence of mismatched uncertainties and outperforms the SMC schemes reported recently in the literature in terms of the convergence rate and settling time. Next, to reduce the chattering phenomenon in the PI-SMC, a state feedback-based discrete-time SMC algorithm is developed. However, the disturbance rejection ability is compromised to some extent. Furthermore, to improve the robustness without compromising the chattering reduction benefits of the discrete-time SMC, mismatched uncertainties like sensor noise and track input disturbance are incorporated in a robust discrete-time SMC design using multirate output feedback (MROF). With this technique, it is possible to realize the effect of a full-state feedback controller without incurring the complexity of a dynamic controller or an additional discrete-time observer. Also, the MROF-based discrete-time SMC strategy can stabilize the magnetic levitation system with excellent dynamic and steady-state performance with superior robustness in the presence of mismatched uncertainties. The stability of the closed-loop system under the proposed controllers is proved by using the Lyapunov stability theory. The simulation results and analytical comparisons demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control schemes.
Single-cell profiling of human subventricular zone progenitors identifies SFRP1 as a target for stimulating progenitor activation
Authors: Donega Vanessa , Geest Astrid van der , Sluijs Jacqueline , Dijk Roland Van , Wang Chi Chiu , Basak Onur , Pasterkamp R. Jeroen , Hol Elly 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Following the decline of neurogenesis at birth, progenitors of the subventricular zone (SVZ) remain mostly in a quiescent state in the adult human brain. The mechanisms that regulate this quiescent state are still unclear. Here, we isolated CD271+ progenitors from the aged human SVZ for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Our transcriptome data revealed the identity of progenitors of the aged human SVZ as late oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. We identified the Wnt pathway antagonist SFRP1 as a possible signal that promotes quiescence of progenitors from the aged human SVZ. Administration of WAY-316606, a small molecule that inhibits SFRP1 function, stimulates activation of neural stem cells both in vitro and in vivo under homeostatic conditions. Our data unravel a possible mechanism through which progenitors of the adult human SVZ are maintained in a quiescent state and a potential target for stimulating progenitors to re-activate.
Multi-objective Optimization of Pneumatic Mixing Systems for Anaerobic Digesters: A Hybrid Technique of Statistical Modeling and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Mahmoodi-Eshkaftaki Mahmood , Rahmanian-Koushkaki Hossein 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Development a suitable mixing system for biogas plants is one of the most important factors to degrade organic matters in digesters. Therefore, pneumatic and mechanical mixing systems were integrated with their optimum conditions to produce a suitable strategy for mixing slurry. Pneumatic mixing parameters were investigated using computational fluid dynamics and image processing techniques. The mixing characteristics and biogas compounds were modeled according to biogas injection parameters, and integrated into the desirability function to determine the optimum conditions. The models indicated that for lower injection repetition in different injection positions, a higher mass flow rate was needed to improve the mixing characteristics and CH4 content. Optimization of these parameters showed that the best amounts of injection mass rate, injection pressure and injection repetition were 0.02 g/s, 2.84 bar and 3 times, respectively, and their optimum ranges were 0.015‒0.028 g/s, 1.5‒4.7 bar and 1‒4 times. However, the best injection was injection through mixer and injection in floor of digester for 2 or 3 times in 24 h. From the optimum ranges, some amounts were investigated in the digesters using the computational fluid dynamics, and the determined mixing characteristics were in agreement with findings of the image processing method.