bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral breast cancer in China: A 10‐year single‐center retrospective study (2006–2016)
Authors: Jiang Hanfang , Zhang Ruyan , Liu Xiaoran , Ran Ran , Zhang Jiayang , Liu Yaxin , Gui Xinyu , Chen Yifei , Li Kun , Shao Bin , Yan Ying , Liang Xu , Song Guohong , Di Lijun , Li Huiping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBilateral breast cancer (BBC) is an uncommon subset of breast cancer (BC), and it may present as synchronous bilateral breast cancer (sBBC) or metachronous bilateral breast cancer (mBBC). Through this study, we aimed to evaluate the proportion of BBC in BC and compare the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of sBBC and mBBC at an academic cancer center in China. Patients with BC consecutively treated between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with BBC were included. In total, 3924 patients with BC were analyzed and 127 patients with BBC (28 sBBC, 99 mBBC) with a median follow‐up of 98 months were identified. The proportion of BBC was 3.2% (0.7%, sBBC; 2.5%, mBBC). The median age at the first diagnosis of mBBC was significantly younger than that at the first diagnosis of sBBC (p = 0.027). Patients diagnosed as having sBBC were more likely to have a positive family history (p = 0.047). The first tumors of mBBC were detected at a significantly earlier tumor stage compared with those of sBBC (p = 0.028). The concordance rates of histopathologic type in the first and second tumors were 60.7% and 58.0% in sBBC and mBBC, respectively. sBBC had a significantly poorer disease‐free survival than mBBC did (p = 0.001). BBC is a rare disease affecting the Chinese population. sBBC is associated with a greater prevalence of a family history of breast cancer and poorer prognosis, compared with mBBC.
Versatile Hybrid Niobium Pentoxide‐Based Catalyst Applied in Reactions of the Fuels Industry: Oleic Acid Esterification and Quinoline Oxidation
Authors: Sturt Natália Rodrigues Marques , Moura Flávia Cristina Camilo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHybrid niobium‐based catalysts were synthesized and applied in two kinds of reactions: oleic acid esterification to produce biodiesel and oxidation of quinoline, an important contaminant of fossil fuels. Niobium oxides were functionalized with p‐toluenesulfonic acid, which conferred amphiphilic properties on the materials and an increase in Brønsted acidic sites due to the incorporation of sulfo groups on the material surface. The oleic acid esterification reaction with methanol showed very high efficiency of the hybrid material with 90 % conversion, even after three reuse cycles, under very mild conditions. Moreover, the catalyst was capable of promoting quinoline oxidation in a biphasic reaction.
Hybrid Self‐Assembled Gel Beads for Tuneable pH‐Controlled Rosuvastatin Delivery
Authors: Piras Carmen C. , Patterson Anna K. , Smith David K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article describes the fabrication of new pH‐responsive hybrid gel beads combining the polymer gelator calcium alginate with two different low‐molecular‐weight gelators (LMWGs) based on 1,3 : 2,4‐dibenzylidene‐d‐sorbitol: pH‐responsive DBS‐COOH and thermally responsive DBS‐CONHNH2, thus clearly demonstrating that different classes of LMWG can be fabricated into gel beads by using this approach. We also demonstrate that self‐assembled multicomponent gel beads can be formed by using different combinations of these gelators. The different gel bead formulations exhibit different responsiveness – the DBS‐COOH network can disassemble within those beads in which it is present upon raising the pH. To exemplify preliminary data for a potential application for these hybrid gel beads, we explored aspects of the delivery of the lipid‐lowering active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) rosuvastatin. The release profile of this statin from the hybrid gel beads is pH‐dependent, with greater release at pH 7.4 than at pH 4.0 – primary control of this process results from the pKa of the API. The extent of pH‐mediated API release is also significantly further modified according to gel bead composition. The DBS‐COOH/alginate beads show rapid, highly effective drug release at pH 7.4, whereas the three‐component DBS‐COOH/DBS‐CONHNH2/alginate system shows controlled slow release of the API under the same conditions. These initial results indicate that such gel beads constitute a promising, versatile and easily tuned platform suitable for further development for controlled drug‐delivery applications.
Structural Modulation on NiCo2S4Nanoarray by N Doping to Enhance 2e‐ORR Selectivity for Photothermal AOPs and Zn−O2Batteries**
Authors: Xu Xinxin , Yin Xunkai , Fu Jingnuo , Ke Di 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs a H2O2 generator, a 2e− oxygen reduction reaction active electrocatalyst plays an important role in the advanced oxidation process to degrade organic pollutants in sewage. To enhance the tendency of NiCo2S4 towards the 2e− reduction reaction, N atoms are doped in its structure and replace S2−. The result implies that this weakens the interaction between NiCo2S4 and OOH*, suppresses O−O bond breaking and enhances H2O2 selectivity. This electrocatalyst also shows photothermal effect. Under photothermal heating, H2O2 produced by the oxidation reduction reaction can decompose and releaseOH, which degrades organic pollutants through the advanced oxidation process. Photothermal effect induced by the advance oxidation process shows obvious advantages over the traditional Fenton reaction, such as wide pH adaptation scope and low secondary pollutant due to its Fe2+ free character. With Zn as anode and the electrocatalyst as cathode material, a Zn−O2 battery is assembled. It achieves electricity generation and photothermal effect induced by the advance oxidation process simultaneously.
Protection of Ag Clusters by Metal‐Oxo Modules
Authors: Fan Xi , Chen Shuai , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMonodisperse and atomically precise Ag nanoclusters have attracted considerable recent research interest. A conventional silver cluster usually consists of a silver metallic kernel and an organic peripheral ligand shell. Nevertheless, the present inevitable problem is the unsatisfied stability of such nanoclusters. In this concept, we will give an introduction to Ag clusters protected by metal‐oxo modules, which exhibit enhanced stability and unique properties. Accordingly, three different types of clusters are summarized: (1) Ag clusters protected by mononuclear oxometallates; (2) Ag clusters protected by block‐like metal‐oxo clusters; (3) Ag clusters protected by hollow‐like metal‐oxo clusters. The aim of this concept is to offer possible general guidance and insight into future rational design of more metal‐oxo clusters protected silver clusters or even other coinage metal nanoclusters.
School allergy training promotes internal policy review and enhances staff's preparedness in managing pupils with food allergy
Authors: Raptis George , Totterdell Rebecca , Gerasimidis Konstantinos , Michaelis Louise Jane , Perez‐Botella Mercedes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecently non‐statutory allergy management guidance for schools has been produced in the United Kingdom; however, there has been limited progress in implementing this. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of face‐to‐face training on self‐reported school staff preparedness in managing the severely allergic child and whether it would stimulate schools' allergy policy review.MethodsA preparedness survey was conducted prior and 2 months post‐intervention to assess the effect of training on self‐reported preparedness and perceived confidence to manage children with food allergies.ResultsA sample of 18 primary schools that consented to participate were selected. Of the trained schools, 89% of the head teachers felt confident in dealing with an allergy emergency compared to 39% prior training (p = 0.016). Post‐intervention all but one had arranged/were considering introducing allergy awareness sessions to help pupils manage their allergies (45% pre‐training vs. post‐training 93%, p = 0.003). Preventative measures for accidental exposure to food allergens (i.e., no food sharing policy) were adopted by all (pre‐training 61% vs. post‐training 100%, p = 0.03).ConclusionA face‐to‐face school allergy training programme enhances self‐reported staff preparedness and promotes internal allergy policy review in managing the needs of these children, hence addressing the current gap between recommendations and practice in schools.
Factors impacting the time to ovarian cancer diagnosis based on classic symptom presentation in the United States
Authors: Huepenbecker Sarah P. , Sun Charlotte C. , Fu Shuangshuang , Zhao Hui , Primm Kristin , Giordano Sharon H. , Meyer Larissa A. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPatients with ovarian cancer often present with late‐stage disease and nonspecific symptoms, but little is known about factors affecting the time to diagnosis (TTD) in the United States.MethodsA retrospective, population‐based study of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database was conducted. It included women 66 years old or older with stage II to IV epithelial ovarian cancer with at least 1 code for abdominal/pelvic pain, bloating, difficulty eating, or urinary symptoms within 1 year of the cancer diagnosis. TTD was defined from the first claim with a prespecified symptom to the ovarian cancer diagnosis. Kruskal‐Wallis tests were used to assess for differences in TTD by group medians. Univariate and generalized linear models with a log‐link function evaluated TTD by covariables.ResultsFor the 13,872 women analyzed, the mean and median times to diagnosis were 2.9 and 1.1 months, respectively. The median TTD differed significantly by first symptom (P < .001), number of symptoms (P < .001), and first physician specialty seen (P < .001). In a multivariable analysis, TTD differed significantly according to race/ethnicity (P < .001), geographic region (P = .001), urban‐rural location (P = .031), emergency room presentation (P < .001), and number of specialties seen (P < .001). A shorter TTD was associated with a diagnosis in 2006‐2010 (relative risk [RR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87‐0.98) or 2011‐2015 (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81‐0.93) in comparison with 1992‐1999.ConclusionsThe time from a symptomatic presentation to care to a diagnosis of ovarian cancer is influenced by clinical and demographic variables. This study's findings reinforce the importance of educating all physicians on ovarian cancer symptoms to aid in diagnosis.Lay Summary

Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed once disease has spread because the classic symptoms of ovarian cancer—abdominal or pelvic pain, bloating, difficulty eating, and urinary issues—can be mistaken for other problems.

This study examined the time between when women with classic ovarian cancer symptoms went to a physician and when they received a cancer diagnosis in a large database population.

The authors found that the time to diagnosis differed according to the type and number of symptoms and what type of physician a woman saw as well as factors such as race, geographic location, and year of diagnosis.
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of High‐Volume Subcutaneous Crenezumab, With and Without Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Dolton Michael J. , Chesterman Aaron , Moein Anita , Sink Kaycee M. , Waitz Ariel , Blondeau Kathleen , Kerchner Geoffrey A. , Hu Nan , Brooks Logan , Wetzel‐Smith Monica K. , Roden Amanda , Deshmukh Ajay , Peng Kun , Carrasco‐Triguero Montserrat , Smith Jill , Ostrowitzki Susanne , Quartino Angelica 
Published: August 2021

Compared with intravenous formulations, subcutaneous (s.c.) formulations of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies may provide increased patient access and more convenient administration options, although historically high‐volume s.c. administration (> 10–15 mL) has been challenging. We report results from two phase I studies in healthy participants (GP29523 and GP40201) that evaluated s.c. crenezumab, an anti‐Aβ monoclonal antibody in development for individuals at risk for autosomal‐dominant Alzheimer’s disease. GP29523 assessed safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) in 68 participants (aged 50–80 years) who received single ascending doses (600–7,200 mg) of crenezumab or placebo (4–40 mL). GP40201 assessed safety, tolerability, and PK in 72 participants (aged 18–80 years) who received different combinations of dose (1,700–6,800 mg), infusion volume (10–40 mL), and flow rate (2–4 mL/minute), with/without recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20). There were no serious or dose‐limiting adverse events in either study. There were no meaningful differences in pain scores among reference placebo (4 mL), test placebo (4–40 mL), or crenezumab (600–7,200 mg) in GP29523, or across treatments with varying infusion volume, flow rate, dose, or rHuPH20 co‐administration or concentration in GP40201. Transient erythema was the most common infusion site reaction in both studies. In GP40201 at volumes of ≥ 20 mL, rHuPH20 co‐administration appeared to reduce infusion site swelling incidence, but, in some cases, was associated with larger areas of infusion site erythema. Crenezumab exhibited approximately dose‐proportional PK, and s.c. bioavailability was 66% and independent of dose or rHuPH20 co‐administration. High‐dose, high‐concentration, high‐volume s.c. crenezumab formulated with/without rHuPH20 was well‐tolerated in healthy participants, with an acceptable safety profile.
Investigations on the effect of process parameters on the growth of vertically oriented graphene sheet in plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition system
Authors: Gupta Neha , Gupta Ravi , Sharma Suresh C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA multistage numerical model comprising the plasma kinetics and surface deposition sub‐models is developed to study the influence of process parameters, namely, total gas pressure and input plasma power on the plasma chemistry and growth characteristics of vertically oriented graphene sheets (VOGS) grown in the plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition system containing the Ar + H2 + C2H2 reactive gas mixture. The spectral and spatial distributions of temperature and number densities, respectively, of plasma species, that is, charged and neutral species in the plasma reactor, are examined using inductively coupled plasma module of COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 modelling suite. The numerical data from the computational plasma model are fed as the input parameters for the surface deposition model, and from the simulation results, it is found that there is a significant drop in the densities of various plasma species as one goes from the bulk plasma region to the substrate surface. The significant loss of the energetic electrons is observed in the plasma region at high pressure (for constant input power) and low input power (for constant gas pressure). At low pressure, the carbon species generate at higher rates on the catalyst nanoislands surface, thus enhancing the growth and surface density of VOGS. However, it is found that VOGS growth rate increases when input plasma power is raised from 100 to 300 W and decreases with further increase in the plasma power. A good comparison of the model outcomes with the available experimental results confirms the adequacy of the present model.
Elevated temperature increases reproductive investment in less preferred mates in the invasive European corn borer moth
Authors: Enos Arielle N. , Kozak Genevieve M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRapidly changing environments may weaken sexual selection and lead to indiscriminate mating by interfering with the reception of mating signals or by increasing the costs associated with mate choice. If temperature alters sexual selection, it may impact population response and adaptation to climate change. Here, we examine how differences in temperature of the mating environment influence reproductive investment in the European corn borer moth (Ostrinia nubilalis). Mate preference in this species is known to be related to pheromone usage, with assortative mating occurring between genetically distinct E and Z strains that differ in the composition of female and male pheromones. We compared egg production within and between corn borer lines derived from four different populations that vary in pheromone composition and other traits. Pairs of adults were placed in a mating environment that matched the pupal environment (ambient temperature) or at elevated temperature (5°C above the pupal environment). At ambient temperature, we found that within‐line pairs produced eggs sooner and produced more egg clusters than between‐line pairs. However, at elevated temperature, between‐line pairs produced the same number of egg clusters as within‐line pairs. These results suggest that elevated temperature increased investment in matings with typically less preferred, between‐line mates. This increased investment could result in changes in gene flow among corn borer populations in warming environments.
Increased pulsatility index is associated with adverse outcomes in left ventricular assist device recipients
Authors: Tucanova Zuzana , Ivak Peter , Wohlfahrt Peter , Pol Marek , Hlavacek Daniel , Konarik Miroslav , Szarszoi Ondrej , Netuka Ivan , Pitha Jan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsRecipients of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are exposed to increased risk of adverse clinical events. One of the potential contributing factors is non‐pulsatile flow generated by LVAD. We evaluated the association of flow patterns in carotid arteries and of increased arterial stiffness with death and cerebrovascular events in LVAD recipients.Methods and resultsWe analysed data from 83 patients [mean age 54 ± 15 years; 12 women; HeartMate II (HMII), n = 34; HeartMate 3 (HM3), n = 49]. Pulsatile and resistive indexes, atherosclerotic changes in carotid arteries (measured by duplex ultrasound), and arterial stiffness [measured by Endo‐PAT 2000 as the augmentation index standardized for heart rate (AI@75)] were evaluated 3 and 6 months after LVAD implantation. Sixteen patients died during follow‐up (27.3 months; interquartile range 15.7–44.3). After adjusting for the main variables examined, the pulsatility index measured at 3 months was positively associated with increased hazard ratios (HR) for death and cerebrovascular events [HR 9.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.62–59.42], with HR increasing after adding AI@75 to the model (HR 18.8, 95% CI 2.44–145.50). In HM3 recipients, HR was significantly lower than in HMII recipients (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11–0.91), but the significance disappeared after adding AI@75 to the model (HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.09–1.18).ConclusionsThe risk of death and cerebrovascular events in LVAD recipients is associated with increased pulsatility index in carotid arteries and potentiated by increased arterial stiffness. The same risk is attenuated by HM3 LVAD implantation, but this effect is weakened by increased arterial stiffness.
Structural, Electronic, and Thermochemical Preference for Multi‐PCET Reactivity of Ruthenium(II)‐Amine and Ruthenium(IV)‐Amido Complexes
Authors: Cattaneo Mauricio , Parada Giovanny A. , Tenderholt Adam L. , Kaminsky Werner , Mayer James M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe multiredox reactivity of bioinorganic cofactors is often coupled to proton transfers. Here we investigate the structural, thermochemical, and electronic structure of ruthenium‐amino/amido complexes with multi‐ proton‐coupled electron transfer reactivity. The bis(amino)ruthenium(II) and bis(amido)ruthenium(IV) complexes [RuII(bpy)(en*)2]2+ (RuII‐H0) and [RuIV(bpy)(en*‐H2)2]2+ (RuIV‐H2) interconvert reversibly with the transfer of 2e−/2H+ (bpy=2,2’‐bipyridine, en*=2,3‐diamino‐2,3‐dimethylbutane). X‐ray structures allow correlations between the structural and electronic parameters, and the thermochemical data of the 2e−/2H+ multi‐square grid scheme. Redox potentials, acidity constants and DFT calculations reveal potential intermediates implicated in 2e−/2H+ reactivity with organic reagents in non‐protic solvents, which shows a strong inverted redox potential favoring 2e−/2H+ transfer. This is suggested to be an attractive system for potential one‐step (concerted) transfer of 2e−and 2H+ due to the small changes of the pseudo‐octahedral geometries and the absence of charge change, indicating a relatively small overall reorganization energy.
Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Paracetamol and Allura Red in Pharmaceutical Doses and Food Using a Mo(VI) Oxide‐Carbon Paste Microcomposite
Authors: Nagles Edgar , Ceroni Mario , Villanueva Huerta Claudia , Hurtado John J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work presents a new application for MoO3 combined with carbon paste to prepare a microcomposite electrode (Mo(VI)Ox/CPE) for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCM) and Allure Red (AR) by square‐wave voltammetry (SWV). The anodic peak currents for PCM and AR were 70.0 and 80.0 % high compared with an unmodified carbon paste electrode. The surface areas of Mo(VI)Ox/CPE and CPE were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The detection limit were 0.14 and 0.38 μmol/L for PCM and AR respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 2.0 % (n=7). Stability, shelf life and possible interferences were also evaluated with very acceptable results.
Effects of applying Bidens species straw to Cd‐contaminated soil on growth and cadmium accumulation of Ziziphus Acidojujuba seedlings
Authors: Li Xuelian , Tan Biqi , Ma Qiaoli , Zeng Yuge , Wang Yang , Tao Shangyu , Zhang Huifen , Zhang Xiaoai , Luo Xian , Deng Qunxian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bidens species straw application to cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil on Ziziphus acidojujuba seedlings growth. Four treatments were prepared in the Cd‐contaminated soil (Cd concentration of 10 mg kg−1): no treatment (control), or separate application of Bidens pilosa, Bidens biternata, or Bidens parviflora straw. Z. acidojujuba seedlings were planted in each soil treatment. Application of B. biternata straw increased the biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of Z. acidojujuba seedlings. Application of B. pilosa straw decreased the biomass, but increased the photosynthetic pigment content of Z. acidojujuba seedlings. Application of B. parviflora straw increased the root biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of Z. acidojujuba seedlings. Application of all Bidens sp. straw improved the antioxidant enzyme activities in Z. acidojujuba seedlings, but also increased the Cd content and Cd transport factor of Z. acidojujuba seedlings. In short, because of the increase in Cd content of Z. acidojujuba seedlings, applying Bidens sp. straw is not suitable for remediation of Cd‐contaminated soil in jujube orchards.
The design of the Crossrail tunnels in UK
Authors: Thomas Alun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper will focus on the use of fibre reinforced concrete on the Crossrail project in the UK. Crossrail (now named The Elizabeth Line) is a new railway running from West to East under the centre of London. This railway runs for approximately 14 km underground and five of the new stations were constructed with permanent sprayed concrete linings. Fibre reinforced concrete played a prominent role in all of the tunnelling – both for the segmental linings and the sprayed concrete tunnel (SCL) linings. Having reviewed the context of the project and the state‐of‐the‐art in tunnel design at the time of the design, this paper will describe the design approach for both the TBM and mined tunnels and their fibre reinforced linings. While the segmental lining design followed a conventional approach, the SCL tunnels adopted an innovative design with the first major application of permanent sprayed concrete in the UK and featured the first use of a spray applied waterproofing membrane (SAWM) on a major project in Europe. Performance during construction will be reviewed and conclusions will be drawn on what can be learnt from the mega project.