bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blowin’ in the wind: Wind directionality affects wetland invertebrate metacommunities in Patagonia
Authors: Epele Luis Beltrán , Dos Santos Daniel Andrés , Sarremejane Romain , Grech Marta Gladys , Macchi Pablo Antonio , Manzo Luz María , Miserendino María Laura , Bonada Núria , Cañedo‐Argüelles Miguel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimTo assess the relative importance of wind intensity and direction in explaining wetland invertebrate metacommunity organization.LocationSeventy‐eight wetland ponds in Patagonia (Argentina) covering a study area of 3.5 × 105 km2.Time periodPonds were sampled once between 2006 and 2014.Major taxa studiedOne hundred and fifty‐eight taxa of wetland aquatic invertebrates.MethodsWe generated two beta diversity matrices (based on flying and non‐flying invertebrates) and six predictor matrices, including three environmental distance matrices, a topographic distance between ponds, and two wind pairwise matrices differing in wind speed. Using Moran spectral randomization of Mantel (MSR‐Mantel) tests (which account for spatial autocorrelation), we assessed the relationship between the response and the predictor matrices. We used a network‐constrained version of the nestedness metric based on overlap and decreasing fill (NODF), to assess if wind anisotropy (i.e., direction‐dependent) affected community nestedness among ponds.ResultsFlying dispersers’ dissimilarity was significantly explained by environmental variables, whereas non‐flying invertebrates’ dissimilarity was not significantly explained by any of the distances tested. When wind direction was ignored, wind speed had a negligible effect on both types of communities, whereas when it was considered a consistent nested pattern emerged, with the eastern ponds (downwind) communities being subsets of those from the western ponds (upwind).Main conclusionsWe found that the invertebrate communities were mainly assembled by a combination of environmental factors and wind directionality, although this depended on the dispersal ability of the organisms.
Excoriation (skin‐picking) disorder among adolescents and young adults with acne‐induced postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and scars
Authors: Ekore Rabi I. , Ekore John O. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA plethora of health‐related concerns, including skin disorders, are particularly common during the critical periods of adolescence and young adulthood. Their reactions to skin‐related disorders can be different from their reactions to other disorders. While medical problems could be physiologically impacting, skin disorders like excoriation disorder can, in addition, directly affect their physical appearance in ways that have psychological consequences like anxiety, low self‐esteem, and impaired quality of life. The increasing prevalence of excoriation disorder has resulted in its inclusion in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) and the eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11) manuals as one of the obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD)‐related disorders. However, health care professionals may not often recognize this important entity especially among adolescents and young adults with acne vulgaris presenting with chronic or recurrent acne‐induced postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and scars. A number of self‐reported tools are available for use in screening and/or assessment of excoriation disorder and to aid its management. While both pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic therapies are available, patient education is important. Physicians who usually make first contact with patients, such as Family Medicine Physicians, Pediatricians, Dermatologists, and Aesthetic Medicine Physicians, should have a relatively high index of suspicion for this disorder, especially in those presenting rather frequently with new or repeat lesions. Prompt referral to licensed mental health specialists is encouraged in order to ensure the provision of holistic care to affected persons.
Job satisfaction, resilience and social support in relation to nurses' turnover intention based on the theory of planned behaviour: A structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Zhao Yingnan , Wang Hong , Sun Dan , Ma Dongfei , Li Huanhuan , Li Yijing , Zhang Xu , Xie Zongting , Sun Jiao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany national studies have shown that nurses have a high turnover rate. The key to maintaining the stability of nursing staff is to explore the factors that affect their turnover intention; however, no research has been performed to explore the influencing factors and mechanisms of nurses' turnover intention based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour.AimBased on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, examining the relationships among resilience, job satisfaction, social support and turnover intention of nurses, a structural equation model was constructed to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction and social support between resilience and turnover intention.MethodsIn this descriptive cross‐sectional study, a total of 350 questionnaires were distributed to participants from three tertiary hospitals in Changchun, Jilin Province, between December 2018 and March 2019.ResultsThe final model fits well. Job satisfaction and social support directly influences turnover intention. Resilience indirectly influences turnover intention through job satisfaction and social support.ConclusionTurnover intention is a complex variable, which is directly and indirectly affected by many factors. In this study, a new structural equation model was proposed, which laid a foundation for future longitudinal studies.
Patients' and partners' experiences with prostate cancer and advanced practice nurse counselling
Authors: Geese Franziska , Willener Rita , Spichiger Elisabeth 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPatients with prostate cancer (PCa) often experience physical and psychological challenges after diagnosis and therapeutic side effects after radical prostatectomy. To meet the needs of these patients and their partners, an advanced practice nurse (APN) support programme was initiated at a Swiss university hospital. The APN served as a constant contact person and offered psycho‐oncological counselling from the first day after radical prostatectomy to follow‐up care in the outpatient clinic, every third month over the first year and twice in the second year. Counselling was provided in‐person and through the phone. It focused on coping skills regarding cancer‐related distress, hospital stay, treatment and therapeutic side effects, post‐discharge life, and physical activity. This study aimed to explore the experiences of patients and partners with the disease, including diagnosis, radical prostatectomy, and follow‐up care. Additionally, their experience with the APN support programme was evaluated. A qualitative content analysis, according to Mayring, was used. Interviews were conducted with 10 patients and 8 partners who participated in the APN counselling programme. Interviews were performed individually in‐person or by telephone. Patients reported a variety of experiences with respect to the diagnostic process and the final decision for radical prostatectomy. Patients and spouses also described some unmet information needs during the PCa care continuum. They wished they received more information about PSA testing, treatment options, and management of surgically induced side effects such as incontinence and erectile dysfunction. While most couples mastered the situation together, some patients did not involve their spouses. During the hospital stay, patients felt well cared for; the spouses agreed. Urinary incontinence was the primary challenge after discharge. Later, erectile dysfunction was a challenge for most participants. While counselling was experienced differently, patients and spouses valued the trustworthy APN as a constant contact person. In clinical practice, needs‐tailored information should be provided by all involved healthcare professionals. In addition, a support programme for patients and partners that includes an APN as a constant contact person over the PCa continuum is recommended.
Multiple mountain‐hopping colonization of sky‐islands on the two sides of Tropical Africa during the Pleistocene: The afroalpine Festuca grasses
Authors: Mairal Mario , Namaganda Mary , Gizaw Abel , Chala Desalegn , Brochmann Christian , Catalán Pilar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimThe afroalpine sky‐islands present one of the most interesting models to study discrete biogeographic patterns in a terrestrial island system. Here, we performed range‐wide sampling of the afroalpine clade of fine‐leaved Festuca grasses and address a set of hypotheses on its origin and dispersal. We focus on the widespread species F. abyssinica and explore the role of the eastern and western African sky‐islands.LocationTropical Africa.TaxonAfroalpine Festuca.MethodsWe combine data from field surveys, phylogeography, coalescence‐based dispersal modelling, and environmental niche and dispersal costs analyses to infer patterns of genetic diversity, genealogical relationships, colonization routes and range shifts under two Quaternary climates (current – to represent warm periods; and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) – to represent cold periods).ResultsThe westernmost populations in East Africa show higher genetic diversity and higher similarities with the West African populations and the Ethiopian Simen Mountains than with the more closely situated East African populations. Dispersal models and ecological niche predictions of F. abyssinica supported multiple long‐distance dispersals (LDD) among the eastern African sky‐islands, and at least two dispersal events between the two sides of Africa (0.86 Ma and 0.52 Ma), probably facilitated by bridging suitable habitats during the coldest periods of the Pleistocene.Main conclusionsWe reconstruct an afroalpine mountain‐hopping dispersal model, with migrations occurring between adjacent sky‐islands in eastern Africa, and through a Central Africa–Sudan pathway connecting afroalpine patches on the two sides of the continent.
A needle in the haystack? Applying species co‐occurrence frameworks with fish assemblage data to identify species associations and sharpen ecological hypotheses
Authors: Zbinden Zachery D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDifferent species can associate or interact in many ways, and methods exist for inferring associations and underlying mechanisms from incidence data (e.g., co‐occurrence frameworks). These methods have received criticism despite their recent resurgence in the literature. However, co‐occurrence frameworks for identifying nonrandomly associated species pairs (e.g., aggregated or segregated pairs) have value as heuristic tools for sharpening hypotheses concerning fish ecology. This paper provides a case study examining species co‐occurrence across 33 stream fish assemblages in southeastern Oklahoma, USA, which were sampled twice (1974 and 2014). This study sought to determine (a) which species were nonrandomly associated, (b) what processes might have driven these associations and (c) how consistent patterns were across time. Associations among most pairs of species (24 species, 276 unique pairs) were not significantly different from random (>80%). Among all significant, nonrandomly associated species pairs (54 unique pairs), 78% (42 pairs) were aggregated and 22% (12 pairs) segregated. Most of these (28 pairs, 52%) were hypothesized to be driven by nonbiotic mechanisms: habitat filtering (20 pairs, 37%), dispersal limitation (two pairs, 0.4%) or both (six pairs, 11%). The remaining 26 nonrandomly associated pairs (48%) had no detectable signal of spatial or environmental factors involved with the association, therefore the potential for biotic interaction was not refuted. Only five species pairs were consistently associated across both sampling periods: stonerollers Campostoma spp. and orangebelly darter Etheostoma radiosum; red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis and bullhead minnow Pimephales vigilax; bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus and redear sunfish Lepomis microlophus; redfin shiner Lythrurus umbratilis and bluntnose minnow Pimephales notatus; and bigeye shiner Notropis boops and golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas. Frameworks for identifying nonrandomly associated species pairs can provide insight into broader mechanisms of species assembly and point to potentially interesting species interactions (out of many possible pairs). However, this approach is best applied as a tool for sharpening hypotheses to be investigated further. Rather than a weakness, the heuristic nature is the strength of such methods, and can help guide biologists toward better questions by employing relatively cheap diversity survey data, which are often already in hand, to reduce complex interaction networks down to their nonstochastic parts which warrant further investigation.
Memory functioning 7 years after severe childhood traumatic brain injury: Results of the Traumatisme Grave de l’Enfant study
Authors: Câmara‐Costa Hugo , Viot Solène , Francillette Leila , Opatowski Marion , Toure Hanna , Brugel Dominique , Laurent‐Vannier Anne , Meyer Philippe , Watier Laurence , Dellatolas Georges , Chevignard Mathilde 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo explore memory functioning 7 years after severe paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), associated factors, and relationships with other outcomes.MethodChildren aged 0–15 years (n = 65), consecutively admitted over a 3‐year period in a single trauma centre, who survived after severe non‐inflicted TBI, were included in a prospective longitudinal study. Memory assessments were performed 7 years post‐injury using the Children’s Memory Scale or the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS IV), according to age. The General Memory Score (GMS‐7) was the primary outcome.ResultsThirty‐seven patients were available for assessment at 7 years post‐injury. Mean GMS‐7 was in the low average range (M = 84.9, SD = 12.1). Lower GMS‐7 was significantly associated with markers of higher injury severity, such as length of coma. One year post‐injury functional and disability outcomes explained 74% of the variance of GMS‐7. Concurrent intellectual ability and type of ongoing education correlated strongly with GMS‐7. Age at injury and parental education were not associated with memory outcome.ConclusionsMemory functioning is variable but often strongly impaired several years after severe paediatric TBI, and is mostly related to injury severity, functional outcomes measured 1 year post‐injury, and concomitant cognitive and educational outcomes. GMS‐7 was lower at 7 years than one year post‐injury, supporting the importance of long term follow‐up.
Weathering Cash Flow Shocks
Authors: BROWN JAMES R. , GUSTAFSON MATTHEW T. , IVANOV IVAN T. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTUnexpectedly severe winter weather, which is arguably exogenous to firm and bank fundamentals, represents a significant cash flow shock for bank‐borrowing firms. Firms respond to these shocks by drawing on and increasing the size of their credit lines. Banks charge borrowers for this liquidity via increased interest rates and less borrower‐friendly loan provisions. Credit line adjustments occur within one calendar quarter of the shock and persist for at least nine months. Overall, we provide evidence that bank credit lines are an important tool for managing the nonfundamental component of cash flow volatility, especially for solvent, small bank borrowers.
Asset Managers: Institutional Performance and Factor Exposures
Authors: GERAKOS JOSEPH , LINNAINMAA JUHANI T. , MORSE ADAIR 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTUsing data on $18 trillion of assets under management, we show that actively managed institutional accounts outperformed strategy benchmarks by 75 (31) bps on a gross (net) basis during the period 2000 to 2012. Estimates from a Sharpe model imply that asset managers' outperformance came from factor exposures. If institutions had instead implemented mean‐variance efficient portfolios using index and institutional mutual funds available during the sample period, they would not have earned higher Sharpe ratios. Our results are consistent with the average asset manager having skill, managers competing for institutional capital, and institutions engaging in costly search to identify skilled managers.
A Tale of Decline or Change? Working Toward a Complementary Understanding of Secular Transition and Individual Spiritualization Theories
Authors: Wilkins‐Laflamme Sarah 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEvidence is widespread of declining religiosity measures in many countries, including some outside of Europe. Is this a transition toward secularity among general populations, or instead a change in the nature of individual spiritualities? This question is addressed by this study with International Social Survey Programme data spanning 27 years (1991–2018) and 46 nations. Many measures of religiosity and belief are found to be declining in most countries, supporting secular transition theory. Identifying as spiritual but not religious remains a minority phenomenon in areas with low levels of religiosity, but an important phenomenon nonetheless that has seen some growth. We argue here that there is a way forward in these data to understand secular transition and individual spiritualization theories as complementary, not conflicting.
Silence and Sameness in the Norwegian Church Abroad
Authors: Iversen Lars Laird 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEmployees of the Norwegian Church Abroad (NCA) avoid discussing politics. Understanding why increases sociological understanding of how everyday and nonextreme forms of religion may contribute to everyday and nonextreme forms of national feeling. This article leverages insights from studying the NCA in order to contribute to the sociological literature on everyday nationalism and religion. It does this by illustrating how the microsociological strategies of silence and avoidance contribute to imagined sameness. This increases our understanding of how everyday belonging draws resources from both nation and religion. Furthermore, it highlights the interactions between religion and nation as both resources for belonging and grounds for difference. The findings are based on interviews with 32 employees in six churches in the United States, and supporting observations.
Development of a home‐use method for the evaluation of food products by children with and without Down syndrome
Authors: Surette Victoria A. , Bernhard Charles B. , Smith‐Simpson Sarah , Ross Carolyn F. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article describes the development of a method to evaluate the acceptance of different snack food textures by children with food texture sensitivities, including children with and without Down syndrome (DS). An in‐home use test (HUT) was developed to reflect recent taste study and allow greater recruitment. In this study, parents with children (ages 11–60 months) with DS (CWDS) and without (typically developing, CTD) were recruited and based on responses to several questions, children were categorized as food texture sensitive (TS) or nontexture sensitive (NTS). In total, 111 CWDS (49 TS and 62 NTS) and 107 CTD (42 TS and 65 NTS) participated. To select the food products for assessment, a trained panel profiled commercially available infant and toddler solid snack foods (n = 41), from which 16 products were selected and sorted into four flavor groupings. For the HUT, participating children evaluated each food product once per day for 6 days. Parents recorded their children's reactions to each food product; a panel of trained coders coded each video for verbal and nonverbal behaviors using a novel coding scheme. Parent prompts were also coded. Several challenges were experienced during this study, including poor‐quality videos, and standardization of the home environment during the feeding sessions. However, the high degree of successful completion of the HUT (96%) was attributed to the high motivation of the parents involved, as well as the close interaction between the experimenters and the participants on an individual family level.
Communities and employers show a high level of preparedness in supporting working mothers to combine breastfeeding with work in rural Kenya
Authors: Zerfu Taddese Alemu , Griffiths Paula , Macharia Teresia , Kamande Eva W. , Anono Esther , Kiige Laura , Gatheru Peter Muriuki , Jobando Susan , Moloney Grainne , Kimani‐Murage Elizabeth Wambui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCommunity Readiness Model (CRM) through pragmatic mixed methods design, combining quantitative CRM survey with qualitative data, was used to assess the level of preparedness and readiness among local leaders, employers and community members in supporting working mothers to combine breastfeeding with work. The study was conducted in one of the tea state farms in Kericho County of Kenya. A total of 17 purposively selected men (fathers), lactating mothers, peer educators, health professionals (doctors, nurses and nutritionists), tea plantation managers and grandmothers were interviewed. The CRM that has six different dimensions was applied to determine the stage of readiness to support working mothers to combine breastfeeding with work. Community Readiness Score (CRS) was calculated descriptively as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Thematic analysis using NVIVO software was used to analyse qualitative data. We found that the mean (±SD) CRS was 7.3 (1.9), which corresponded to the third highest level of the nine stages or the ‘stabilization’ stage of community readiness. Dimensionally, the mean CRS was the highest (8.3 ± 1.9) for leadership followed by community efforts (7.5 ± 2.1), whereas the lowest CRS was observed for knowledge of efforts (6.6 ± 2.3) and availability of resources (6.6 ± 1.9). In conclusion, high level of readiness to support working women to combine work with breastfeeding with suboptimal knowledge of efforts and availability of resources was observed in the area. Future interventions should focus on enabling the community to feel more comfortable and creating detailed and refined knowledge on combining breastfeeding with work.
To Live in Peace: Women Ex‐combatants in Burundi and Northern Uganda Envision Psychosocial Well‐being
Authors: Bragin Martha , Tosone Carol , Akesson Bree , Taaka Janepher , Nzeyimana Generose 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContemporary studies show that women play multiple roles in armed conflict. Only rarely are they passive bystanders or victims. Women are often part of the events that lead to armed conflict, and they may engage in combat. They have also led peace movements that have ended conflict. Nevertheless, the multiple roles that women play in war and peace are oftentimes not recognized, and their experiences, beyond victimhood, have been disregarded in post‐conflict reconstruction. Drawing upon research with conflict‐affected women, this paper focuses on how women ex‐combatants in Burundi and Northern Uganda conceptualize and operationalize psychosocial well‐being and articulate the specific contributions they can make to the peacetime community.