bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hellp Syndrome and Heart Disease: A Cross Sectional Study in Jeddah- KSA
Authors: Al-Khify Hanyah Abdulhadi , Murad Manal Abdulaziz , Albeladi Fatima Ibrahim , Abousada Hoda Jehad , Muhanna Issam Shams , Aljohani Sara Khaled , Alharbi Anwaar Ayedh , Alsulaimi Abdullah Matar , Alshawmali Ghufran Mohammed , Alkhairat Ahmed Khairat , Alsahafi Baylasan Abed , Murshid Aseel Osama , Alotaibi Abdulaziz Sulaiman , Alotaibi Abdulmalik Ayed , Alzahrany Ahmed Mosa , Alqarni Saad Abdullah , Alosaimi Rakan Abdullah , Abubaker Khawbai Abdu 
Published: June 2021

Background: HELLP is a potentially life-threatening conditions which has some similarity with preeclampsia therefore, it poses a challenging diagnostic and management issues for clinician. It is composed of H=hemolysis, EL=elevated liver enzymes and LP=low platelets. The aims of this study are to assess the prevalence of HELLP syndrome among Saudi Arabian, besides, assessing the risk factors related to it.
Methodology: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in kingdom of Saudi Arabia (female who previously get pregnant) from 07/08/2020 till 29/11/2020. The study was depending on using of online questionnaire assessing demographic factors including age and nationality besides disease-related information: Heart disease, Smoker patient, related risk factors of disease and DM patient.
Results: We included 457 women who agreed to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. 36.1% of participants were aged between 25-35 years. 13.3% of the sample had reported that they are smokers and 6.1% as X-smokers while 16.8% of the sample had diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of HELLP was 38.3%. It was found that age is not a significant factor in occurrence of HELLP symptoms except in having distribution of liver function (P=0.005). Cardiac diseases are another significant risk factor in developing symptoms of HELLP especially high blood pressure where 46% of patients with cardiac disease reported having high blood pressure during pregnancy with a risk of eight times over those with no cardiac disease (OR=8.03, 95% CI=4.2100 to 15.3, P=0.000) however, it has no significant effect on developing disturbance in liver function.
Conclusion: we had found the 38.3% of females in Saudi Arabia had HELLP in their pregnancy, with increase the prevalence of some other conditions including smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and autoimmune diseases which all found to increase the risk for developing HELLP in females. More investigation is needed to explore the same prevalence using hospital based study design.
Photon Upconversion Hydrogels for 3D Optogenetics
Authors: Meir Rinat , Hirschhorn Tal , Kim Sungsoo , Fallon Kealan J. , Churchill Emily M. , Wu Dino , Yang Hee Won , Stockwell Brent R. , Campos Luis M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ability to optically induce biological responses in 3D has been dwarfed by the physical limitations of visible light penetration to trigger photochemical processes. However, many biological systems are relatively transparent to low‐energy light, which does not provide sufficient energy to induce photochemistry in 3D. To overcome this challenge, hydrogels that are capable of converting red or near‐IR (NIR) light into blue light within the cell‐laden 3D scaffolds are developed. The upconverted light can then excite optically active proteins in cells to trigger a photochemical response. The hydrogels operate by triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion. As proof‐of‐principle, it is found that the hydrogels trigger an optogenetic response by red/NIR irradiation of HeLa cells that have been engineered to express the blue‐light sensitive protein Cry2olig. While it is remarkable to photoinduce the clustering of Cry2olig with blanket NIR irradiation in 3D, it is also demonstrated how the hydrogels trigger clustering within a single cell with great specificity and spatiotemporal control. In principle, these hydrogels may allow for photochemical control of cell function within 3D scaffolds, which can lead to a wealth of fundamental studies and biochemical applications.
Direct Identification of Surface Bound MoO3 on Single MoS2 Flakes Heated in Dry and Humid Air
Authors: Rogala Maciej , Sokołowski Stanisław , Ukegbu Ugonna , Mierzwa Aneta , Szoszkiewicz Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe chemical presence of the MoOx species on single microscopic MoS2 flakes is shown at two conditions, which are of interest for future MoS2‐based devices and where their presence is not previously confirmed. First, the case of thick MoS2 flakes oxidatively etched at 350–370 °C in air is treated. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), high resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy are combined to unambiguously confirm the chemical presence of the α‐MoO3 species on such samples, mostly in the form of loose particles. Second, it is shown that MoS2 flakes heated at temperatures of only 220 °C display a quite uniform ≈2 nm thick MoOx layer at already 10% relative humidity. The presence of such MoOx oxide layers is confirmed by scratching the sample with AFM tips and performing comparative Kelvin probe force microscopy and Auger photoelectron spectroscopy on scratched‐out and untouched parts of the flakes.
Micropatterned Cell‐Repellent Interface Using Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing to Engineer Controlled Cell Organization
Authors: Yang Wenguang , Chu Honghui , Cai Shuxiang , Liang Wenfeng , Yu Haibo , Wang Yuechao , Liu Lianqing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCell‐repellent interfaces have various applications, including microfluidic devices, biosensors, and antibiofouling surfaces. Efficient cell repellency, long‐term stability, and ability to fabricate micropatterns with cell repellency are main optimal requirements for cell‐repellent interfaces. In this study, a flexible and practical method is proposed to construct a cell‐repellent interface and engineer controlled cell organization. Using femtosecond‐laser direct writing to pattern surfaces with microcraters, it is shown that micropatterned surfaces with physical and chemical changes have outstanding characteristics of super‐hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the cell adhesion is inhibited by these features and arbitrary cell patterns are achieved by selective cell adhesion induced by the distribution of the microcrater structures. These findings suggest a high potential for directing cell organization with desired shapes to analyze the fundamental mechanism of cell adhesion.
Caregiver‐reported characteristics of children diagnosed with pathogenic variants in KDM5C
Authors: Hatch Hayden A. M. , O'Neil Molly H. , Marion Robert W. , Secombe Julie , Shulman Lisa H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLoss of function variants in the lysine demethylase 5C (KDM5C) gene account for approximately 0.7–2.8% of X‐linked intellectual disability (ID) cases and pose significant burdens for patients and their caregivers. To date, 45 unique variants in KDM5C have been reported in individuals with ID. As a rare disorder, its etiology and natural history remain an area of active investigation, with treatment limited to symptom management. Previous studies have found that males present with moderate to severe ID with significant syndromic comorbidities such as epilepsy, short stature, and craniofacial abnormalities. Although not as well characterized, females have been reported to predominantly display mild to moderate ID with approximately half being asymptomatic. Here, we present caregiver‐reported data for 37 unrelated individuals with pathogenic variants in KDM5C; the largest cohort reported to‐date. We find that up to 70% of affected females were reported to display syndromic features including gastrointestinal dysfunction and hearing impairment. Additionally, more than half of individuals reported a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder or described features consistent with this spectrum. Our data thus provide further evidence of sexually dimorphic heterogeneity in disease presentation and suggest that pathogenic variants in KDM5C may be more common than previously assumed.
To View Your Biomolecule, Click inside the Cell
Authors: Rigolot Vincent , Biot Christophe , Lion Cedric 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe surging development of bioorthogonal chemistry has profoundly transformed chemical biology over the last two decades. Involving chemical partners that specifically react together in highly complex biological fluids, this branch of chemistry now allows researchers to probe biomolecules in their natural habitat through metabolic labelling technologies. Chemical reporter strategies include metabolic glycan labelling, site‐specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids in proteins, and post‐synthetic labelling of nucleic acids. While a majority of literature reports mark cell‐surface exposed targets, implementing bioorthogonal ligations in the interior of cells constitutes a more challenging task. Owing to limiting factors such as membrane permeability of reagents, fluorescence background due to hydrophobic interactions and off‐target covalent binding, and suboptimal balance between reactivity and stability of the designed molecular reporters and probes, these strategies need mindful planning to achieve success. In this review, we discuss the hurdles encountered when targeting biomolecules localized in cell organelles and give an easily accessible summary of the strategies at hand for imaging intracellular targets.
Hydrogen‐Bond Network Determines the Early Photoisomerization Processes of Cph1 and AnPixJ Phytochromes
Authors: Liu Xiang‐Yang , Zhang Teng‐Shuo , Fang Qiu , Fang Wei‐Hai , González Leticia , Cui Ganglong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhytochrome proteins are light receptors that play a pivotal role in regulating the life cycles of plants and microorganisms. Intriguingly, while cyanobacterial phytochrome Cph1 and cyanobacteriochrome AnPixJ use the same phycocyanobilin (PCB) chromophore to absorb light, their excited‐state behavior is very different. We employ multiscale calculations to rationalize the different early photoisomerization mechanisms of PCB in Cph1 and AnPixJ. We found that their electronic S1, T1, and S0 potential minima exhibit distinct geometric and electronic structures due to different hydrogen bond networks with the protein environment. These specific interactions influence the S1 electronic structures along the photoisomerization paths, ultimately leading to internal conversion in Cph1 but intersystem crossing in AnPixJ. This explains why the excited‐state relaxation in AnPixJ is much slower (ca. 100 ns) than in Cph1 (ca. 30 ps). Further, we predict that efficient internal conversion in AnPixJ can be achieved upon protonating the carboxylic group that interacts with PCB.
Zielgerichtete bakterielle Lokalisation und infektionsinduzierte Freisetzung von antibiotischen Colistin‐Konjugaten
Authors: Tegge Werner , Guerra Giulia , Höltke Alexander , Schiller Lauritz , Beutling Ulrike , Harmrolfs Kirsten , Gröbe Lothar , Wullenkord Hannah , Xu Chunfa , Weich Herbert , Brönstrup Mark 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUm die Selektivität potenter und zugleich toxischer Antibiotika zu erhöhen, wurde eine Konjugationsstrategie entwickelt, die eine Anreicherung des Wirkstoffs am Infektionsort und seine anschließende infektionsvermittelte Freisetzung beinhaltet. Es wurde ein modifiziertes Fragment des humanen antimikrobiellen Peptids Ubiquicidin eingesetzt, dessen Akkumulation am Bakterium durch Fluorophor‐markierte Varianten visualisiert werden konnte. Um die Freisetzung von Colistin räumlich auf den Ort der Infektion zu begrenzen, wurde ein optimierter Linker verwendet, der mit hoher Effizienz durch das Enzym neutrophile Elastase (NE) gespalten wird. Die NE wird von humanen Immunzellen (neutrophilen Granulozyten) direkt am Infektionsherd freigesetzt. Die beste Anbindung an Colistin wurde anhand von fünf regioisomeren Konjugaten, die durch Totalsynthese hergestellt wurden, ermittelt. Die antibakterielle Aktivität der Konjugate war zunächst maskiert, konnte aber durch rekombinante NE freigesetzt werden, wenn sich der Linker an den Aminogruppen in 1‐ oder 3‐ Position befand. Eine Validierung des Konzepts gelang in Cokulturen von primären humanen Neutrophilen und Escherichia coli.
Hydrogen‐Bond‐Driven Synergistically Enhanced Hyperpolarizability: Chiral Coordination Polymers with Nonpolar Structures Exhibiting Unusually Strong Second‐Harmonic Generation
Authors: Kee Joonhyuk , Ok Kang Min 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFour chiral coordination polymers (CPs), M[(S,S)‐C14H14N2O6] and M[(R,R)‐C14H14N2O6] (M=Zn or Cd), have been exclusively synthesized in high yields with the aid of newly designed chiral ligand under hydrothermal condition. The CPs crystallizing in the orthorhombic nonpolar space group, C2221, reveal three‐dimensional framework structures composed of MO4 tetrahedra and the corresponding homochiral linkers. Powder second‐harmonic generation (SHG) measurements indicate that the nonpolar CPs reveal very strong SHG efficiency of ca. 5–9 times that of KH2PO4 and exhibit type‐I phase‐matching behavior. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the unusually large SHG efficiency found from the nonpolar CPs should be attributable to the synergistic effect of polarizable metal cations and enhanced hyperpolarizability in the donor‐acceptor system originating from the hydrogen bonding in the coordinated linkers.
Systematic review and grounded theory as a mixed method to develop a framework for counselling skills competencies
Authors: Luca Maria , Nuttall John , Emilion Jessie , Postings Traci 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis methodology paper presents how the application of grounded theory (GT) allowed the incorporation of additional data sources from what began as a systematic literature review (SLR) aimed at developing a counselling skills competencies framework for non‐career counsellors who provide counselling in a variety of care settings. This involved inclusion of purposive research material from experts with a wide range of relevant experience and critical input compensating for the limitations of the systematic review. GT provided the necessary analytic steps, and the paper discusses how the application of the constant comparative analysis procedure assured in‐depth analysis of the data from the systematic review, empirical data suggested by expert participants, researcher reflexivity, and critique and feedback from independent experts. Overall, this mixed‐methods approach enabled an expansion of relevant data and led to the construction of a framework for counselling skills organised into five key categories. A core group of practitioners and academics (CG) engaged in open and axial coding, holding in mind the goals of the project. Critical assessment and scrutiny through dialogue and reflection achieved saturation and agreement of the final framework. This meticulous process was inclusive of the views of experts in the field of counselling and led to an integrated framework of counselling skills for individuals in various care settings (nursing homes, NHS and social care services, charitable community projects, etc.). The paper shows that grounded theory allowed expansion of the data field and demonstrates how this approach added rigour and reliability to the developing framework.
Ready Access to Anhydrous Anionic Lanthanide Acetates by Using Imidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquids as the Reaction Medium
Authors: Bousrez Guillaume , Renier Olivier , Kelley Steven P. , Adranno Brando , Tahavori Elnaz , Titi Hatem M. , Smetana Volodymyr , Tang Si‐Fu , Mudring Anja‐Verena , Rogers Robin D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccess to lanthanide acetate coordination compounds is challenged by the tendency of lanthanides to coordinate water and the plethora of acetate coordination modes. A straightforward, reproducible synthetic procedure by treating lanthanide chloride hydrates with defined ratios of the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]) has been developed. This reaction pathway leads to two isostructural crystalline anhydrous coordination complexes, the polymeric [C2mim]n[{Ln2(OAc)7}n] and the dimeric [C2mim]2[Ln2(OAc)8], based on the ion size and the ratio of IL used. A reaction with an IL : Ln‐salt ratio of 5 : 1, where Ln=Nd, Sm, and Gd, led exclusively to the polymer, whilst for the heaviest lanthanides (Dy−Lu) the dimer was observed. Reaction with Eu and Tb resulted in a mixture of both polymeric and dimeric forms. When the amount of IL and/or the size of the cation was increased, the reaction led to only the dimeric compound for all the lanthanide series. Crystallographic analyses of the resulting salts revealed three different types of metal‐acetate coordination modes where η2μκ2 is the most represented in both structure types.
Suppressing Dehydroisomerization Boosts n‐Butane Dehydrogenation with High Butadiene Selectivity
Authors: Chu Mingyu , Liu Yu , Gong Jin , Zhang Congyang , Wang Xuchun , Zhong Qixuan , Wu Linzhong , Xu Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractButadiene (BD) is a critical raw material in chemical industry, which is conventionally produced from naphtha cracking. The fast‐growing demand of BD and the limited oil reserve motivate chemists to develop alternative methods for BD production. Shale gas, which mainly consists of light alkanes, has been considered as cheap raw materials to replace oil for BD production via n‐butane direct dehydrogenation (n‐BDH). However, the quest for highly‐efficient catalysts for n‐BDH is driven by the current drawback of low BD selectivity. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for boosting the selectivity of BD by suppressing dehydroisomerization, an inevitable step in the conventional n‐BDH process which largely reduces the selectivity of BD. Detailed investigations show that the addition of alkali‐earth metals (e. g., Mg and Ca) into Pt‐Ga2O3/S10 catalysts increases Pt dispersity, suppresses coke deposition and dehydroisomerization, and thus leads to the significant increase of BD selectivity. The optimized catalyst displays an initial BD selectivity of 34.7 % at a n‐butane conversion of 82.1 % at 625 °C, which outperforms the reported catalysts in literatures. This work not only provides efficient catalysts for BD production via n‐BDH, but also promotes the researches on catalyst design in heterogeneous catalysis.
Dihydroazulene‐Azobenzene‐Dihydroazulene Triad Photoswitches
Authors: Mengots Alvis , Erbs Hillers‐Bendtsen Andreas , Doria Sandra , Ørsted Kjeldal Frederik , Machholdt Høyer Nicolai , Ugleholdt Petersen Anne , Mikkelsen Kurt V. , Di Donato Mariangela , Cacciarini Martina , Brøndsted Nielsen Mogens 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhotoswitch triads comprising two dihydroazulene (DHA) units in conjugation with a central trans‐azobenzene (AZB) unit were prepared in stepwise protocols starting from meta‐ and para‐disubstituted azobenzenes. The para‐connected triad had significantly altered optical properties and lacked the photoactivity of the separate photochromes. In contrast, for the meta‐connected triad, all three photochromes could be photoisomerized to generate an isomer with two vinylheptafulvene (VHF) units and a cis‐azobenzene unit. Ultrafast spectroscopy of the photoisomerizations revealed a fast DHA‐to‐VHF photoisomerization and a slower trans‐to‐cis AZB photoisomerization. This meta triad underwent thermal VHF‐to‐DHA back‐conversion with a similar rate of all VHFs, independent of the identity of the neighboring units, and in parallel thermal cis‐to‐trans AZB conversion. The experimental observations were supported by computation (excitation spectra and orbital analysis of the transitions).
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Erogorgiaene and the Pseudopterosin A−F Aglycone via Enantioselective Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrovinylation
Authors: Movahhed Sohajl , Westphal Julia , Kempa Alexander , Schumacher Christian Eric , Sperlich Julia , Neudörfl Jörg‐Martin , Teusch Nicole , Hochgürtel Matthias , Schmalz Hans‐Günther 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to their pronounced bioactivity and limited availability from natural resources, metabolites of the soft coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae, such as erogorgiaene and the pseudopterosines, represent important target molecules for chemical synthesis. We have now developed a particularly short and efficient route towards these marine diterpenes exploiting an operationally convenient enantioselective cobalt‐catalyzed hydrovinylation as the chirogenic step. Other noteworthy C−C bond forming transformations include diastereoselective Lewis acid‐mediated cyclizations, a Suzuki coupling and a carbonyl ene reaction. Starting from 4‐methyl‐styrene the anti‐tubercular agent (+)‐erogorgiaene (>98 % ee) was prepared in only 7 steps with 46 % overall yield. In addition, the synthesis of the pseudopterosin A aglycone was achieved in 12 steps with 30 % overall yield and, surprisingly, was found to exhibit a similar anti‐inflammatory activity (inhibition of LPS‐induced NF‐κB activation) as a natural mixture of pseudopterosins A−D or iso‐pseudopterosin A, prepared by β‐D‐xylosylation of the synthetic aglycone.
Proposing a digital identity management framework: A mixed‐method approach
Authors: Rasouli Hatef , Valmohammadi Changiz , Azad Naser , Abbaspour Esfeden Ghanbar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis research aims to study the most critical elements of digital identity management to recognize the pattern and the requirements of their use and implementation. Further, an attempt is made to identify and prioritize the criteria and their relevant indicators of digital identity management in the form of a comprehensive framework. To this end a fuzzy multicriteria decision‐making approach was utilized. The framework focuses on a comprehensive perspective to consider digital identity and deals with compiling strategies and operational patterns based on the defined priorities. This applied research with a fundamental approach has a descriptive‐explanatory method as well. Through an in depth‐review of the extant literature and designing an instrument as well as semi‐structure interview the necessary data were collected. The research population consists of 10 experts. By reviewing the theoretical literature of the research, effective factors were identified and screened by the Fuzzy Delphi method leading to six main factors and 31 subfactors. Then, the collected data were analyzed through a hybrid technique known as FDANP (Fuzzy DEMATEL‐ANP) to determine the interactions between the factors and the subfactors and to weigh and prioritize them. The obtained results revealed that “strategic planning” is the most influential factor in digital identity management. Also, the subfactors namely “The use of the maturity model of digital identity management,” “commitment to the whole organization,” “integrity of digital identity management system with other systems,” “integrity of digital identity management program,” and “integrity of the two dimensions of identity management and access management” were ranked as the most influential subfactors of “strategic planning,” respectively. “Access management” was the most permeable factor in digital identity management. It means that this factor is the main problem and could be solved with the help of the influential factors. In addition, subfactors: “Access control to all resources only through the digital identity management system,” “Solution for access management of premium accounts,” “Multi‐factor authentication support,” “Access policy to all resources and information,” and “Determination of the manner of the user access to resources outside the organization” were ranked as the most permeable subfactors.