bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Movies on Tourism among Egyptian Youth
Authors: Abou Zeid Dina Farouk 
Published: September 2021

The research study aims to examine the impact of movies on tourism among Egyptian youth by studying the different genres of movies and the different types and forms of tourism besides applying infotainment to discover the elements of information and entertainment in movies which encourage the youth to travel. A survey is conducted of a disproportionate stratified sample of 500 Egyptian university students divided equally between private and public universities and between males and females who have passion for traveling, travel at least once a year and are members of travel Facebook groups. The results show that Egyptian and non-Egyptian movies encourage Egyptian university students to travel abroad. The most popular types of movie-induced tourism among the youth are traveling to destinations portrayed in movies, organized tour of portrayed locations, tour of studio sets and movie-themed park. The findings indicate that movie- induced tourism is affected by movies' infotainment.

Received: 22 July 2021 / Accepted: 28 September 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Primary School Enrolment, Public Spending on Education and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Nenbee Simeon Gbimoiye , Danielle Igbogidi Eseoghene 
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the effect of primary school enrolment and public education spending on Nigeria’s economic growth using the Autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) for the period 1987 and 2017. The coefficient of the error correction model (ECM) reveals a negative sign of -0.304216 which implies that any disequilibrium in the system in the previous year will be corrected at a speed of 30.42 percent annually. Both the short run and long run models were nicely fitted with high coefficients of determination (R2) of about 62 percent. The analysis of the result also showed that primary school enrolment rate and public expenditure on education increased but their effects were less impactful on Nigeria’s economic growth. These findings perhaps could be attributed to the poor state of classrooms across, poor teacher-pupil ratio, unstable macroeconomic environment, dearth of instructional materials and more. The paper thus recommend that there should be re-design of educational strategies by the government to include enrolment campaigns, alternative learning programs, pro-poor economic incentive and more, especially at the basic education level and also increased her budgetary allocation to education sector in line with UNESCO recommendation of about 26 percent.

Received: 9 June 2021 / Accepted: 28 September 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
King Zog’s Foreign Policy with Neighboring Countries
Authors: Yzeiraj Emirjola 
Published: September 2021

Zogu has resolutely defended the freedom and independence of his country. Zogu consolidated diplomatic relations with neighboring countries and the political strategy followed by him brought not only economic stability, but also protection of the territory. Seen from that prespective, the purpose of this paper is to show that the policy pursued by King Zog, influenced the establishment of peace in the country and protected the entire Balkans by not further complicating the situation and neutralizing the greedy interests and intentions of Yugoslavia for the territory of Albania, especially St. Naum. In 1924 King Zog had also a possed Yugoslavia’s intervention and intrigues. Throughout his policy, he aimed to achieve Balkan’s peace, because Zogu understanding very well that this would bring peace to Albania as well. The foreign policy led by Zog, deprived neighboring countries of any wishing conflicts. Thus the peace in Europe would have been in jeopardy as a result of threatening Balkans’s peace.

Received: 7 July 2021 / Accepted: 30 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Teaching Russian literature in the context of the Azerbaijani model of multiculturalism and modern online education
Authors: Гаджиев А.А. 
Published: September 2021

Глобальные изменения, происходящие в современном обществе, отражаются и на системе образования, которая все глубже адаптируется к динамично изменяющейся поликультурной среде, стремительному нарастанию интеграционных процессов и виртуализации образа жизни и сфер общения, профессиональной деятельности и учебного процесса. Эти задачи особенно актуализировались в связи с пандемией.
Необходимо осмысление разнородных вызовов непривычных социальных процессов, в том числе учебного процесса в новых условиях – прежде всего дилеммы между классическими формами образования, задачей индивидуализации учебного процесса, с одной стороны, вынужденной виртуализацией в целом образа жизни и учебно-образовательной деятельности – с другой. Эти вызовы актуальны для образовательных систем как Азербайджана и России, так и других стран евразийского региона. Один из аспектов этой проблемы – характерное для евразийского региона явление русскоязычного образования и, в частности, вопросы преподавания русской литературы в онлайн-формате.
The rapid spread of the pandemic causes an urgent need to understand the diverse challenges of both the global and the educational process. First, it is the dilemma between classical forms of education, the task of individualizing the educational process, on the one hand, and the forced virtualization of the whole way of life and educational activities, on the other. These challenges are relevant for the educational systems of both Azerbaijan and Russia, as well as for other countries of the Eurasian region. One of the aspects of this problem is the phenomenon of education in Russian, which is typical for the Eurasian region, and in particular, the issues of teaching literature online.
Support of the Russian language and education in Russian in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Мурзалиева Д.Д. 
Published: September 2021

Кыргызская Республика, русский язык, образование, поддержка русского языка и образования на русском языке в Кыргызской Республике, русистика.
The integration processes, in which the Kyrgyz Republic is involved, require a new approach to teaching, especially teaching language. The participation of the Kyrgyz Republic in the EAEU becomes the basis for the further maintenance of the Russian language and education in Russian in our country. The issue of the ever-growing role of the Russian language and education in Russian in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan is of great importance: the language situation in our country is changing dynamically, and not only in a positive direction. In this regard, it is necessary to precisely raise such issues that will constantly and invariably contribute to the promotion and strengthening of the Russian language and education in Russian in Kyrgyzstan.
Involvement management as a way for schools to adapt to the challenges of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Булаева М.В. 
Published: September 2021

Автор освещает возникшие при пандемии проблемы дистанционного формата образования, в том числе с точки зрения социализации, а также базовые причины инертности методологии системы общего образования России. Для сравнения приведен пример опыта функционирования систем образования стран Запада и США. Изменить подход к управлению педагогическим коллективом и педагогическим процессом могут помочь принципы методологии Agile. Данная методология актуализируется при дистанционном формате обучения, так как требует самостоятельной работы обучающихся и как следствие вовлекает их в образовательный процесс.
The article highlights the problematic issues of the distance education that arose during the pandemic, including those of socialization, as well as the main reasons for the inertia of the methodology in the general education system in Russia. To comparison, an example of the Western countries and the United States educational systems way of functioning is given. To change the management of the teaching staff and the pedagogical process itself, the author proposes the principles of Agile methodology. Agile methodology becomes relevant in the distance learning due to the requirements for students independent work and, therefore, their involvement in the educational process.
Student of a pedagogical institute of Donbass: cultural identity
Authors: Кочетова С.А. 
Published: September 2021

Автор представляет опыт культурно-просветительской работы в Горловском институте иностранных языков, направленной на повышение уровня культуры каждого студента, создания культуроразвивающей среды, моды на интеллект и образование в условиях преодоления разрыва между низовой культурой и духовностью русской классической литературы, между ориентацией на переписывание истории и сохранением традиций исторической памяти, между навязыванием в течение десятилетий русскому Донбассу самоощущения маргинальности и отстаиванием права на особый исторический путь жителей Донецкого края. Культурная идентичность студенчества Донбасса отражает процесс единения молодежи в условиях духовных испытаний, создание общности, способной противостоять идее разобщенности и индивидуально-эгоистического, потребительского отношения к окружающим.
The article presents the experience of cultural and educational work at the Gorlovka Institute of Foreign Languages that aims at raising students’ level of culture and forming cultural environment, creating a fashion for the intelligence and education. That is to bridge a gap between the grassroots culture and the spirituality of Russian classical literature, between the orientation to rewrite history and the preservation of traditions of historical memory; between imposing for decades on Russian Donbass the feeling of marginality and defending the right to a special historical path of the inhabitants of the Donetsk region. The cultural identity of the Donbass students embodies the reflection of the process of youth unity in the context of spiritual trials, the creation of a community capable of opposing the idea of disunity to individual and selfish consumerism towards others.
Implementation of State Educational Standards as a way to improve the quality of education
Authors: Сташевская И.Е. 
Published: September 2021

Статья раскрывает необходимость внедрения государственных образовательных стандартов, их основное назначение и новизну, особенности каждого из них. Особое внимание уделено реализации задач государственных образовательных стандартов, современным и эффективным методам построения образовательного процесса, методической работе в школе, профессиональному росту педагогов. Приведенные примеры помогут осуществить плавный переход к новым государственным образовательным стандартам начального общего, основного общего и среднего общего образования, внести изменения в организацию образовательного процесса, найти новые подходы к роли педагога, его ответственности и переосмыслению собственных задач, созданию благоприятных условий для раскрытия его творческого потенциала.
This article reveals the need for the implementation of State educational standards, their main purpose and novelty, the features of each of them. Special attention is paid to the implementation of the tasks of State educational standards, modern and effective methods of building the educational process, methodological work at school, professional growth of teachers. These examples will help make a smooth transition to new State educational standards of primary, basic, and secondary general education, to make changes in the organization of the educational process, to find new approaches to the role of the teacher, his responsibility and rethinking.
Detective Dobrynin as a modern Uncle Styopa, or return to the image of a law enforcement officer in modern mass culture
Authors: Попова А.Д. 
Published: September 2021

Статья показывает возвращение в современную массовую культуру образа идеального работника правоохранительных органов – сыщика Добрынина. Автор анализирует стихи Д.М. Плоткина (Рязань) о сыщике Добрынине, выделяет основные черты образа полицейского, а также сравнивает его с образом самого известного советского милиционера в массовом искусстве – дядей Степой.
The article shows the return of the image of an ideal law enforcement officer to the modern mass culture. The author analyzes the poems of D.M. Plotkin (Ryazan) about detective Dobrynin, highlights his main features, and draws a comparison with the image of the most famous Soviet policeman in mass art represented by Sergey Mikhalkov’s «Uncle Styopa».
Mass, Spin, and Ultralight Boson Constraints from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in the Tidal Disruption Event 3XMM J215022.4–055108
Authors: Wen Sixiang , Jonker Peter G. , Stone Nicholas C. , Zabludoff Ann I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We simultaneously and successfully fit the multiepoch X-ray spectra of the tidal disruption event (TDE) 3XMM J215022.4−055108 using a modified version of our relativistic slim disk model that now accounts for angular momentum losses from radiation. We explore the effects of different disk properties and of uncertainties in the spectral hardening factor f

c
and redshift z on the estimation of the black hole mass M
• and spin a
•. Across all choices of theoretical priors, we constrain M
• to less than 2.2 × 104
M
⊙ at 1σ confidence. Assuming that the TDE host is a star cluster associated with the adjacent, brighter, barred lenticular galaxy at z = 0.055, we constrain M
• and a
• to be

1.75

−
0.05

+
0.45

×

10

4

M
⊙ and

0.8

−
0.02

+
0.12

, respectively, at 1σ confidence. The high, but sub-extremal, spin suggests that, if this intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) has grown significantly since formation, it has acquired its last e-fold in mass in a way incompatible with both the “standard” and “chaotic” limits of gas accretion. Ours is the first clear IMBH with a spin measurement. As such, this object represents a novel laboratory for astroparticle physics; its M
• and a
• place tight limits on the existence of ultralight bosons, ruling out those with masses from ∼10−15 to 10−16 eV.
HaloSat Observations of Heliospheric Solar Wind Charge Exchange
Authors: Ringuette R. , Koutroumpa D. , Kuntz K. D. , Kaaret P. , Jahoda K. , LaRocca D. , Kounkel M. , Richardson J. , Zajczyk A. , Bluem J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
X-ray emission from solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) produced in interplanetary space contaminates every astrophysical observation, regardless of the line of sight. Unfortunately, the primary SWCX emission lines also happen to be important diagnostics of astrophysical plasmas. Models of SWCX emission are limited by two main uncertainties: the local solar wind fluxes along the line of sight and the charge exchange cross sections. The He cone, a localized density enhancement of helium neutrals, is the only heliospheric SWCX emission feature that is small enough and bright enough to be observationally isolated from the X-ray background and the broader SWCX emission. HaloSat, an X-ray CubeSat mission, has recently completed two series of specialized observations, near and far from the ecliptic plane, during two Earth transits of the He cone. These observations were used to test the predictions of an SWCX emission model against the emission observed at low ecliptic latitude, where the solar wind data are monitored, and at high ecliptic latitude, where the solar wind data are extrapolated. The measured SWCX emission for the set of observations near the ecliptic plane was consistent with the line intensities predicted by the model but underpredicted for the set of observations at high ecliptic latitude near the south ecliptic pole. Additionally, high-temperature Galactic halo emission components are reported for both spectral sets.
Fermi Large Area Telescope Performance after 10 Years of Operation
Authors: Ajello M. , Atwood W. B. , Axelsson M. , Bagagli R. , Bagni M. , Baldini L. , Bastieri D. , Bellardi F. , Bellazzini R. , Bissaldi E. , Bloom E. D. , Bonino R. , Bregeon J. , Brez A. , Bruel P. , Buehler R. , Buson S. , Cameron R. A. , Caraveo P. A. , Cavazzuti E. , Ceccanti M. , Chen S. , Cheung C. C. , Ciprini S. , Cognard I. , Cohen-Tanugi J. , Cutini S. , D’Ammando F. , de la Torre Luque P. , de Palma F. , Digel S. W. , Dirirsa F. , Di Lalla N. , Di Venere L. , Domínguez A. , Fabiani D. , Ferrara E. C. , Fiori A. , Foglia G. , Fukazawa Y. , Fusco P. , Gargano F. , Gasparrini D. , Giroletti M. , Glanzman T. , Green D. , Griffin S. , Grondin M.-H. , Grove J. E. , Guillemot L. , Guiriec S. , Gustafsson M. , Hays E. , Horan D. , Jóhannesson G. , Johnson T. J. , Kamae T. , Kerr M. , Kuss M. , Larsson S. , Latronico L. , Lemoine-Goumard M. , Li J. , Liodakis I. , Longo F. , Loparco F. , Lovellette M. N. , Lubrano P. , Maldera S. , Manfreda A. , Martí-Devesa G. , Mazziotta M. N. , Menon N. , Mereu I. , Meyer M. , Michelson P. F. , Minuti M. , Mitthumsiri W. , Mizuno T. , Mongelli M. , Monzani M. E. , Moskalenko I. V. , Negro M. , Nuss E. , Ojha R. , Orienti M. , Orlando E. , Paccagnella A. , Paliya V. S. , Paneque D. , Pei Z. , Perkins J. S. , Pesce-Rollins M. , Pinchera M. , Piron F. , Poon H. , Porter T. A. , Primavera R. , Principe G. , Racusin J. L. , Rainò S. , Rando R. , Rani B. , Rapposelli E. , Razzano M. , Razzaque S. , Reimer A. , Reimer O. , Russell J. J. , Saggini N. , Saz Parkinson P. M. , Scolieri N. , Serini D. , Sgrò C. , Siskind E. J. , Smith D. A. , Spandre G. , Spinelli P. , Suson D. J. , Tajima H. , Thayer J. G. , Thompson D. J. , Tibaldo L. , Torres D. F. , Tosti G. , Valverde J. , Vigiani L. , Zaharijas G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Large Area Telescope (LAT), the primary instrument for the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) mission, is an imaging, wide field-of-view, high-energy gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from 30 MeV to more than 300 GeV. We describe the performance of the instrument at the 10 yr milestone. LAT performance remains well within the specifications defined during the planning phase, validating the design choices and supporting the compelling case to extend the duration of the Fermi mission. The details provided here will be useful when designing the next generation of high-energy gamma-ray observatories.
Background Short-period Eclipsing Binaries in the Original Kepler Field
Authors: Bienias John , Bódi Attila , Forró Adrienn , Hajdu Tamás , Szabó Róbert 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
During the primary Kepler mission, between 2009 and 2013, about 150,000 preselected targets were observed with a 29.42 minute long cadence. However, a survey of background stars that fall within the field of view (FOV) of the downloaded apertures of the primary targets has revealed a number of interesting objects. In this paper, we present the results of this search, focusing on short-period eclipsing binary (SPEB) stars in the background pixels of primary Kepler targets. We used Lomb–Scargle and Phase Dispersion Minimization methods to reveal pixels that show significant periodicities, resulting in the identification of 547 previously unknown faint SPEBs, mostly W UMa–type stars, and almost doubling the number of SPEBs in the original Kepler FOV. We prepared the light curves for scientific analysis and cross-matched the pixel coordinates with Gaia and other catalogs to identify the possible sources. We have found that the mean of the brightness distribution of the new background SPEBs is ∼4–5 mag fainter than other, primary target eclipsing binaries in the Kepler Eclipsing Binary catalog. The period distribution nonetheless follows the same trend, but the spatial distribution appears to be different from that described by Kirk et al. for the catalog eclipsing binaries.
Microbiological Profile, Antibiogram, and Risk Factors of Patients with Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Kadhim Fatima H. , Mohammed Suhad Hadi 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is considered a major social and economic problem, and it is also known as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients with DFUs frequently require amputation of the lower limbs, and in more than half of the cases, infection is the predominant factor. The aim of this systemic review is to highlight the risk factors such as age and gender associated with DFU infections, whether the infection is caused by single bacteria or polymicrobial infection and what is the most prevalent bacteria and their susceptibility pattern to currently used antibiotics.

Methods:
Three databases were searched from December 2020 to February 2021 including PubMed, Hinari, and Google Scholar. A total of 12 articles were included in the current meta-analysis.

Results:
Higher frequency of DFU in males than in females and maximum number of DFU mostly occur within the age group 40–60 years was reported. Monomicrobial infections in DFU were higher than monomicrobial infection. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus aureus were the most prominent microorganism. The higher grades of the DFUs were infected with more than one organism. High resistance rates of the isolated bacteria to the most commonly used antibiotics were documented and there were alarming growing resistance rate to Carbapenems which were considered the most effective Antibiotics nowadays.

Conclusions:
DFU infections are one of the major social and economic problems. There is an urgent need for continuous antibiotic sensitivity testing for the isolated bacteria to choose the appropriate antibiotics during the management and limit the spreading of multidrug-resistant bacteria and reduce the burden of health-care cost.
The outcome of transanal endoscopic microsurgery and adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with high-risk T1 rectal cancer
Authors: Khoury Wisam , Dauod Mai , Khalefah Mohamed , Duek Simon D. , Issa Nidal 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is considered the technique of choice for adenoma and low-risk T1 rectal cancer. The adequacy of such treatment for high-risk T1 tumours, however, is still controversial. The aim of the study is to evaluate our results with local excision of high-risk T1 cancers.

Materials and Methods:
Demographic, clinical data pertaining to patients undergoing TEM for T1 rectal cancer between 1999 and 2015 was retrospectively collected. Long-term outcomes were assessed for the entire cohort. Patients were classified into two groups: favourable and high-risk cancer features.

Results:
Three hundred and fifty-five TEM procedures were recorded in the study period. Forty-three patients were included in the present study. There were 20 females and 23 males, the median age was 69 ± 9. The median tumour distance from the anal verge was 6 cm (range 1–13 cm). Post-operative histopathology showed well/moderately differentiated T1 adenocarcinoma in 30 patients and poorly differentiated in 13. The overall survival for patients with favourable and high-risk features groups were 93.5% and 77%, respectively, while the local recurrence (LR) was 3.5% and 23.1%, respectively. Nine patients with high-risk features received adjuvant radiotherapy; one (11.1%) of them experienced LR.

Conclusions:
Local excision by TEM augmented by adjuvant radiotherapy may be a feasible alternative for selected patients with high-risk T1 rectal cancer. The addition of radiotherapy seems to decrease the rates of LR.