bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum circuit cutting with maximum-likelihood tomography
Authors: Perlin Michael A. , Saleem Zain H. , Suchara Martin , Osborn James C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe introduce maximum-likelihood fragment tomography (MLFT) as an improved circuit cutting technique for running clustered quantum circuits on quantum devices with a limited number of qubits. In addition to minimizing the classical computing overhead of circuit cutting methods, MLFT finds the most likely probability distribution for the output of a quantum circuit, given the measurement data obtained from the circuit’s fragments. We demonstrate the benefits of MLFT for accurately estimating the output of a fragmented quantum circuit with numerical experiments on random unitary circuits. Finally, we show that circuit cutting can estimate the output of a clustered circuit with higher fidelity than full circuit execution, thereby motivating the use of circuit cutting as a standard tool for running clustered circuits on quantum hardware.
Electron–hole superfluidity in strained Si/Ge type II heterojunctions
Authors: Conti Sara , Saberi-Pouya Samira , Perali Andrea , Virgilio Michele , Peeters François M. , Hamilton Alexander R. , Scappucci Giordano , Neilson David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractExcitons are promising candidates for generating superfluidity and Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in solid-state devices, but an enabling material platform with in-built band structure advantages and scaling compatibility with industrial semiconductor technology is lacking. Here we predict that spatially indirect excitons in a lattice-matched strained Si/Ge bilayer embedded into a germanium-rich SiGe crystal would lead to observable mass-imbalanced electron–hole superfluidity and BEC. Holes would be confined in a compressively strained Ge quantum well and electrons in a lattice-matched tensile strained Si quantum well. We envision a device architecture that does not require an insulating barrier at the Si/Ge interface, since this interface offers a type II band alignment. Thus the electrons and holes can be kept very close but strictly separate, strengthening the electron–hole pairing attraction while preventing fast electron–hole recombination. The band alignment also allows a one-step procedure for making independent contacts to the electron and hole layers, overcoming a significant obstacle to device fabrication. We predict superfluidity at experimentally accessible temperatures of a few Kelvin and carrier densities up to ~6 × 1010 cm−2, while the large imbalance of the electron and hole effective masses can lead to exotic superfluid phases.
Transgenic mice overexpressing the LH receptor in the female reproductive system spontaneously develop endometrial tumour masses
Authors: Lottini Tiziano , Iorio Jessica , Lastraioli Elena , Carraresi Laura , Duranti Claudia , Sala Cesare , Armenio Miriam , Noci Ivo , Pillozzi Serena , Arcangeli Annarosa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe receptor for the luteinizing hormone (LH-R) is aberrantly over expressed in cancers of the reproductive system. To uncover whether LH-R over expression has a causative role in cancer, we generated a transgenic (TG) mouse which overexpresses the human LH-R (hLH-R) in the female reproductive tract, under the control of the oviduct-specific glycoprotein (OGP) mouse promoter (mogp-1). The transgene was highly expressed in the uterus, ovary and liver, but only in the uterus morphological and molecular alterations (increased proliferation and trans-differentiation in the endometrial layer) were detected. A transcriptomic analysis on the uteri of young TG mice showed an up regulation of genes involved in cell cycle control and a down regulation of genes related to the immune system and the metabolism of xenobiotics. Aged TG females developed tumor masses in the uteri, which resembled an Endometrial Cancer (EC). Microarray and immunohistochemistry data indicated the deregulation of signaling pathways which are known to be altered in human ECs. The analysis of a cohort of 126 human ECs showed that LH-R overexpression is associated with early-stage tumors. Overall, our data led support to conclude that LH-R overexpression may directly contribute to trigger the neoplastic transformation of the endometrium.
Quantifying photoinduced carriers transport in exciton–polariton coupling of MoS2 monolayers
Authors: Yu Min-Wen , Ishii Satoshi , Li Shisheng , Ku Ji-Ren , Yang Jhen-Hong , Su Kuan-Lin , Taniguchi Takaaki , Nagao Tadaaki , Chen Kuo-Ping 
Published: April 2021

AbstractExciton–polariton coupling between transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayer and plasmonic nanostructures generates additional states that are rich in physics, gaining significant attention in recent years. In exciton–polariton coupling, the understanding of electronic-energy exchange in Rabi splitting is critical. The typical structures that have been adopted to study the coupling are “TMD monolayers embedded in a metallic-nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) system.” However, the exciton orientations are not parallel to the induced dipole direction of the NPoM system, which leads to inefficient coupling. Our proposed one-dimensional plasmonic nanogrooves (NGs) can align the MoS2 monolayers’ exciton orientation and plasmon polaritons in parallel, which addresses the aforementioned issue. In addition, we clearly reveal the maximum surface potential (SP) change on intermediate coupled sample by the photo-excitation caused by the carrier rearrangement. As a result, a significant Rabi splitting (65 meV) at room temperature is demonstrated. Furthermore, we attribute the photoluminescence enhancement to the parallel exciton–polariton interactions.
High and specific diversity of protists in the deep-sea basins dominated by diplonemids, kinetoplastids, ciliates and foraminiferans
Authors: Schoenle Alexandra , Hohlfeld Manon , Hermanns Karoline , Mahé Frédéric , de Vargas Colomban , Nitsche Frank , Arndt Hartmut 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHeterotrophic protists (unicellular eukaryotes) form a major link from bacteria and algae to higher trophic levels in the sunlit ocean. Their role on the deep seafloor, however, is only fragmentarily understood, despite their potential key function for global carbon cycling. Using the approach of combined DNA metabarcoding and cultivation-based surveys of 11 deep-sea regions, we show that protist communities, mostly overlooked in current deep-sea foodweb models, are highly specific, locally diverse and have little overlap to pelagic communities. Besides traditionally considered foraminiferans, tiny protists including diplonemids, kinetoplastids and ciliates were genetically highly diverse considerably exceeding the diversity of metazoans. Deep-sea protists, including many parasitic species, represent thus one of the most diverse biodiversity compartments of the Earth system, forming an essential link to metazoans.
Structure and function analysis of a potent human neutralizing antibody CA521FALA against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Song Deyong , Wang Wenbo , Dong Chuangchuang , Ning Zhenfei , Liu Xiu , Liu Chuan , Du Guangying , Sha Chunjie , Wang Kailin , Lu Jun , Sun Baiping , Zhao Yanyan , Wang Qiaoping , Xu Hongguang , Li Ying , Shen Zhenduo , Jiao Jie , Wang Ruiying , Tian Jingwei , Liu Wanhui , Wang Lan , Deng Yong-Qiang , Dou Changlin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which has resulted in more than two million deaths at 2021 February . There is currently no approved therapeutics for treating COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein is considered a key therapeutic target by many researchers. Here we describe the identification of several monoclonal antibodies that target SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. One human antibody, CA521FALA, demonstrated neutralization potential by immunizing human antibody transgenic mice. CA521FALAshowed potent SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. CA521FALAalso demonstrated having a long half-life of 9.5 days in mice and 9.3 days in rhesus monkeys. CA521FALAinhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection in SARS-CoV-2 susceptible mice at a therapeutic setting with virus titer of the lung reduced by 4.5 logs. Structural analysis by cryo-EM revealed that CA521FALArecognizes an epitope overlapping with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-binding sites in SARS-CoV-2 RBD in the Spike protein. CA521FALAblocks the interaction by binding all three RBDs of one SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer simultaneously. These results demonstrate the importance for antibody-based therapeutic interventions against COVID-19 and identifies CA521FALAa promising antibody that reacts with SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein to strongly neutralize its activity.
Monitoring und Steuerung der Flüssigkeitstherapie – wozu und womit?
Authors: Schiewe Robert , Bein Berthold 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungTherapie mit Flüssigkeit ist von großer Bedeutung in Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin. Eine Flüssigkeits- oder Volumentherapie kann, vor allem bei nicht sachgemäßer Durchführung, eine Überwässerung des Patienten zur Folge haben, welche wiederum deletäre Folgen hat. Umgekehrt hat auch eine Hypovolämie unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen. Es ist daher essenziell herauszufinden, ob eine Volumengabe auch eine Steigerung des HZV nach sich ziehen wird (= Volumenreagibilität). Durch verschiedene Monitoring-Verfahren können der Volumenstatus und eine potenzielle Volumenreagibilität evaluiert werden. Es gibt eine Vielzahl an Limitationen, die den Behandlern und Nutzern der Verfahren bekannt sein sollten. Ein Algorithmus kann ein strukturiertes Vorgehen beim Monitoring der Volumentherapie erleichtern.
Synthesis of N2, N6-bis(5-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide fluoroscent sensor for detection of Cu2+ and Ni2+ Ions
Authors: Kumar Anuroop , Singh Netrapal , Kumar Mordhwaj , Agarwal Uma 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article reports an amide based Chemosensor used for selective detection of divalent Cu+2 and Ni+2 ions via Fluorescence turn off. The selective sensing ability of Chemosensor was investigated in presence of different metal ions Mg2+, Ag+, Fe2+, K+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Pd2+, Cd2+ and Mn3+ as competitive ions. The receptor i. e. Chemosensor formed complexes with metal ions in 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. The detection limit and binding constant calculated as 1.92×10–4 and 1.4×10–4 M and 2.16×103 M−1 and 3.09×103 M−1 for Cu2+ and Ni2+ions respectively. The complexes were characterized by UV/visible, FT-IR, 13C NMR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Further the structure and Crystallinity were calculated by P-XRD spectral analysis. The crystallinity found to be 65.27 and 67.87% respectively
Prospective analysis of SARS-CoV-2 dissemination to environmental surfaces during endoscopic procedures
Authors: Somerville Carter C. , Shoaib Muhammad , Kuschner Cyrus E. , Brune Zarina , Trindade Arvind J. , Benias Petros C. , Becker Lance B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine medical care due to uncertainty regarding the risk of viral spread. One major concern for viral transmission to both patients and providers is performing aerosol-generating procedures such as endoscopy. As such, we performed a prospective study to examine the extent of viral contamination present in the local environment before and after endoscopic procedures on COVID-19 positive patients.
Materials and methods A total of 82 samples were collected from 23 surfaces in the procedure area of four COVID-positive patients undergoing upper endoscopic procedures. Samples were collected both before and after the procedure. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was extracted and quantified using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction with primers to detect nucleocapsid RNA, and results reported as the number of viral copies per square centimeter of contaminated surface.
Results A total of six positive samples were detected from three of the four patients. The floor beneath the patient bed was the most common site of viral RNA, but RNA was also detected on the ventilator monitor prior to the procedure and the endoscope after the procedure.
Conclusions The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission associated with upper endoscopy procedures is low based on the low rate of surface contamination. Some surfaces in close proximity to the patient and endoscopist may pose a higher risk for contamination. Patient positioning and oxygen delivery methods may influence the directionality and extent of viral spread. Our results support the use of appropriate personal protection to minimize risk of viral transmission.
Cemiplimab in der Anwendung bei hochbetagten Patienten
Authors: Dücker P. , Brehmer A. , Nashan D. 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über den erfolgreichen Einsatz von Cemiplimab bei insgesamt 23 hochbetagten Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen und/oder metastasierten Plattenepithelkarzinomen, die bei guter Verträglichkeit trotz Komorbiditäten nephrogener oder kardialer Genese, Diabetes und auch bei Vorliegen von Zweitmalignomen ein gutes Ansprechen boten. Eine komplette Remission konnte bei 10 Patienten, eine partielle Remission bei 8 Patienten erreicht werden. 6 der 7 Patienten mit Zweittumoren zeigten ein Ansprechen. Ein Ansprechen zeichnete sich meist schon nach wenigen Therapiezyklen ab.
Fracture liaison service (FLS): Ein strukturiertes Versorgungskonzept für eine optimierte Sekundärprävention von osteoporotischen Frakturen
Authors: Stumpf Ulla , Kraus Moritz , Gosch Markus , Hesse Eric , Kammerlander Christian 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungOsteoporose, eine systemische Skeletterkrankung, ist assoziiert mit einem höheren Lebensalter und betrifft Männer und Frauen. Als Folgen der Osteoporose kann es nach einem inadäquaten Trauma zu Fragilitätsfrakturen kommen. Indexfrakturen sind Frakturen des distalen Unterarmes, des proximalen Humerus, des proximalen Femurs sowie vertebrale Frakturen. Das Risiko, nach einer solchen Fraktur innerhalb eines Jahres eine Folgefraktur zu erleiden, ist deutlich erhöht. Vor allem nach der proximalen Femurfraktur kommt es zu einer Reduktion der Mobilität und Lebensqualität sowie zu einer Erhöhung der Morbidität und Mortalität. Die Bemühungen um eine bessere Versorgung dieser Patienten impliziert eine kontinuierliche Behandlung im Sinne eines Disease-Management-Programms. Die Alterstraumatologie nimmt hier eine zentrale Rolle ein. Neben der operativen Versorgung steht eine interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle Betreuung im Zentrum. Neben der Behandlung der meist multiplen Komorbiditäten liegt der Fokus auf der Abklärung der Osteoporose sowie der Einleitung einer umfassenden Therapie. Die Lücke zwischen der stationären und ambulanten Versorgung kann durch einen Fracture liaison service (FLS) geschlossen werden. Ein FLS stellt die Basis für ein erfolgreiches Nahtstellenmanagement dar. Damit diese intersektorale Versorgung Bestandteil der Regelversorgung werden kann, wurde das „FLS-Care-Programm“ im Rahmen einer durch den Innovationsfonds der Bundesregierung finanzierten Studie von uns initiiert. Das Ziel ist die Weiterführung der stationär begonnenen Therapie in einer sektorenübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit, um Folgefrakturen zu vermeiden und Lebensqualität zu erhalten.
Analysis of Not Structurable Oncological Study Eligibility Criteria for Improved Patient-Trial Matching
Authors: Dominick Friederike , Dieter Julia , Knurr Alexander , Ahlbrandt Janko , Ückert Frank 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Higher enrolment rates of cancer patients into clinical trials are necessary to increase cancer survival. As a prerequisite, an improved semiautomated matching of patient characteristics with clinical trial eligibility criteria is needed. This is based on the computer interpretability, i.e., structurability of eligibility criteria texts. To increase structurability, the common content, phrasing, and structuring problems of oncological eligibility criteria need to be better understood.
Objectives We aimed to identify oncological eligibility criteria that were not possible to be structured by our manual approach and categorize them by the underlying structuring problem. Our results shall contribute to improved criteria phrasing in the future as a prerequisite for increased structurability.
Methods The inclusion and exclusion criteria of 159 oncological studies from the Clinical Trial Information System of the National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg were manually structured and grouped into content-related subcategories. Criteria identified as not structurable were analyzed further and manually categorized by the underlying structuring problem.
Results The structuring of criteria resulted in 4,742 smallest meaningful components (SMCs) distributed across seven main categories (Diagnosis, Therapy, Laboratory, Study, Findings, Demographics, and Lifestyle, Others). A proportion of 645 SMCs (13.60%) was not possible to be structured due to content- and structure-related issues. Of these, a subset of 415 SMCs (64.34%) was considered not remediable, as supplementary medical knowledge would have been needed or the linkage among the sentence components was too complex. The main category “Diagnosis and Study” contained these two subcategories to the largest parts and thus were the least structurable. In the inclusion criteria, reasons for lacking structurability varied, while missing supplementary medical knowledge was the largest factor within the exclusion criteria.
Conclusion Our results suggest that further improvement of eligibility criterion phrasing only marginally contributes to increased structurability. Instead, physician-based confirmation of the matching results and the exclusion of factors harming the patient or biasing the study is needed.
Geometries and electronic states of iron trimer (Fe3) by CCSD and CCSD(T) calculations
Authors: Nakazawa Tetsuya 
Published: April 2021

Geometries and energy separations of various low-lying electronic states of an iron trimer (Fe3) are investigated by coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) and coupled-cluster singles and doubles plus perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] calculations. The ground state is found to be a 13A′ state with Cs symmetry, whereas a nearly isoenergetic state, 13A1 (C2v), is degenerate to the ground state. The ground and five low-lying states with a spin multiplicity of 13 are found below 0.20 eV at the CCSD(T) level. On the other hand, the low-lying states with spin multiplicities of 9, 11, and 15 appear only above 0.20 eV. From detailed natural bond orbital analyses, Fe3 has Fe–Fe bonds composed of σ-bond orbitals only in theβ-spin part with higher s-character in low-lying states with a spin multiplicity of 13. The polarization coefficients indicate that the σFe–Fe bonds are nearly complete covalent bonds with little polarization.
Constraining M
ν with the bispectrum. Part II. The information content of the galaxy bispectrum monopole
Authors: Hahn ChangHoon , Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Massive neutrinos suppress the growth of structure on small scales
and leave an imprint on large-scale structure that can be measured to
constrain their total mass, M
ν. With standard analyses of two-point
clustering statistics, M
ν constraints are severely limited by parameter
degeneracies. Ref. [1] demonstrated that the bispectrum, the
next higher-order statistic, can break these degeneracies and dramatically
improve constraints on M
ν and other cosmological parameters. In this
paper, we present the constraining power of the redshift-space galaxy
bispectrum monopole, Bg

0. We construct the
Molino suite of 75,000 mock galaxy catalogs from the Quijote N-body simulations using the halo occupation distribution (HOD) model,
which provides a galaxy bias framework well-suited for simulation-based
approaches. Using these mocks, we present Fisher matrix forecasts for
{Ωm, Ωb, h, ns
, σ8, M
ν} and
quantify, for the first time, the information content of the Bg

0
down to nonlinear scales. For k
max = 0.5 h/Mpc, Bg

0 improves constraints
on Ωm, Ωb, h, ns
, σ8, and M
ν by 2.8, 3.1, 3.8, 4.2,
4.2, and 4.6× over the power spectrum, after marginalizing
over HOD parameters. Even with priors from Planck, Bg

0 improves all of
the cosmological constraints by ≳ 2×. In fact, for Pg

0+Pg

2 and
Bg

0 out to k
max = 0.5 h/Mpc with Planck priors, we achieve a
1σ M
ν constraint of 0.048 eV, which is tighter than the current best
cosmological constraint. While effects such as survey geometry and assembly
bias will have an impact, these
constraints are derived for (1 h-1 Gpc)3, a substantially
smaller volume than upcoming surveys. Therefore, we conclude that
the galaxy bispectrum will significantly improve cosmological constraints
for upcoming galaxy surveys — especially for M
ν.
The Exploitation Status of The Slender Grouper (Anyperodon leucogrammicus) in Arafura Sea, Indonesia
Authors: Pane A.R.P. , Suprapto  , Widyastuti H. , Suman A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Arafura Sea is rich in its resources, e.g. shrimp, pelagic fish, demersal fish, and coral reef fish. Coral reef fish commonly found in Arafura waters are among others brown-marbled grouper, slender grouper, leopard coral grouper, humpback grouper, etc. One of the groupers that has a higher selling price than the other groupers is slender grouper (Anyperodon leucogrammicus). The high demand for the fish is in line with the increase in the catch and the exploitation status. Therefore, a study is necessary to analyze the exploitation status of the slender grouper in Arafura Sea. This study was carried out from March to November 2017 by sampling the grouper at its landing site in Dobo, Aru Islands, from the fishing grounds in Arafura Sea, Maluku. The size of the slender grouper was 15–120 cmTL, and its growth pattern was allometric negative. Its growth rate (K) was 0.34 per year and its fishing mortality (F) was higher than the natural mortality (M). The exploitation rate (E) of the fish was 0.52%, meaning the fish was already moderately exploited. Therefore, precautionary managements are necessary to maintain the sustainability of the slender grouper resources in Arafura Sea.
Water Quality Analysis Based on Plankton Community Structure in Kampar River, Riau Province
Authors: Asiah N , Sukendi S , Harjoyudanto Y , Junianto J , Yustiati A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It is suspected that there has been pollution in the Kampar River as a result of land conversion. To determine the quality of Kampar River water, one of the parameters that can be used is a biological indicator, namely plankton. The research was conducted in July 2017 - July 2018 with the purposive sampling method at 3 observation stations. Plankton samples were analyzed using the Diversity Index (H ′), Dominance (C), and Uniformity (E). From the results, it is known there are 13 types of plankton consisting of 2 classes: Bacillariophyceae (5 types) and Chlorophyceae (8 types). Abundance ranges from 7250-11500 cells/L with the genus Scenedesmus sp. has the greatest abundance. The diversity index value is included in the low to the medium category (1.9306-2.4574). The population dominance obtained from all stations is in a low category (<0.4). The population uniformity of the three stations shows a value that falls into the high category (>0.6), so it can be said that the uniformity of the plankton population in the Kampar River is high. From these results, it can be concluded that the Kampar River water body in this study belongs to the polluted category. This is also supported by the findings of the genus Synedra sp. at Station 2. This genus can live in a low DO condition and serve as an indicator of pollution. Although the abundance is low, the presence of this genus indicates that this area has experienced a decrease in water quality or pollution.