bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gap: introduction of an antimicrobial peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in response to high PICC central line-associated bloodstream infection incidence
Authors: DeVries Michelle , Sleweon Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To reduce the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) in peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) through the introduction of an antimicrobial (AM) catheter as recommended in evidence-based guidelines and standards. Design: Quality improvement project comparing incidence of infections pre-implementation and postimplementation of the new catheter. Setting: A 582-bed community teaching hospital in Northwest Indiana. Methods: Pre-implementation analysis of surveillance data indicated that 50% of CLABSIs occurred inpatients with PICCs in situ. A gap analysis was performed to review institutional practices against evidence-based recommendations. The use of an AM catheter was supported in each of the documents consulted. After introduction of the new device, performance was measured in a prospective manner using standardized Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance protocols for CLABSI and internal data sources for other measures. Results: After 30 months of data collection, the PICC CLABSI incidence reduced from a baseline rate of 1.83/1000 PICC days to 0.162/1000 PICC days (91.15% reduction, P=0.0002). Conclusion: Combined with continued compliance with basic prevention strategies (ie use of a central line insertion checklist/insertion bundle) and optimization of device selection and lumen justification, the introduction of an antimicrobial/antithrombogenic (AM/AT) PICC was associated with a significant reduction in CLABSI.
The effect of cemented acetabular component geometry on the risk of revision for instability or loosening
Authors: Divecha Hiren M. , O'Neill Terence W. , Lunt Mark , Board Tim N. 
Published: November 2021

Aims To determine if primary cemented acetabular component geometry (long posterior wall (LPW), hooded, or offset reorientating) influences the risk of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for instability or loosening. Methods The National Joint Registry (NJR) dataset was analyzed for primary THAs performed between 2003 and 2017. A cohort of 224,874 cemented acetabular components were included. The effect of acetabular component geometry on the risk of revision for instability or for loosening was investigated using log-binomial regression adjusting for age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, indication, side, institution type, operating surgeon grade, surgical approach, polyethylene crosslinking, and prosthetic head size. A competing risk survival analysis was performed with the competing risks being revision for other indications or death. Results The distribution of acetabular component geometries was: LPW 81.2%; hooded 18.7%; and offset reorientating 0.1%. There were 3,313 (1.5%) revision THAs performed, of which 815 (0.4%) were for instability and 838 (0.4%) were for loosening. Compared to the LPW group, the adjusted subhazard ratio of revision for instability in the hooded group was 2.31 (p < 0.001) and 4.12 (p = 0.047) in the offset reorientating group. Likewise, the subhazard ratio of revision for loosening was 2.65 (p < 0.001) in the hooded group and 13.61 (p < 0.001) in the offset reorientating group. A time-varying subhazard ratio of revision for instability (hooded vs LPW) was found, being greatest within the first three months. Conclusion This registry-based study confirms a significantly higher risk of revision after cemented THA for instability and for loosening when a hooded or offset reorientating acetabular component is used, compared to a LPW component. Further research is required to clarify if certain patients benefit from the use of hooded or offset reorientating components, but we recommend caution when using such components in routine clinical practice. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1669–1677.
The cost-effectiveness of physician assistants/associates: A systematic review of international evidence
Authors: van den Brink G. T. W. J. , Hooker R. S. , Van Vught A. J. , Vermeulen H. , Laurant M. G. H. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe global utilization of the physician assistant/associate (PA) is growing. Their increasing presence is in response to the rising demands of demographic changes, new developments in healthcare, and physician shortages. While PAs are present on four continents, the evidence of whether their employment contributes to more efficient healthcare has not been assessed in the aggregate. We undertook a systematic review of the literature on PA cost-effectiveness as compared to physicians. Cost-effectiveness was operationalized as quality, accessibility, and the cost of care.Methods and findingsLiterature to June 2021 was searched across five biomedical databases and filtered for eligibility. Publications that met the inclusion criteria were categorized by date, country, design, and results by three researchers independently. All studies were screened with theRisk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies—of Interventions(ROBIN-I) tool. The literature search produced 4,855 titles, and after applying criteria, 39 studies met inclusion (34 North America, 4 Europe, 1 Africa). Ten studies had a prospective design, and 29 were retrospective. Four studies were assessed as biased in results reporting. While most studies included a small number of PAs, five studies were national in origin and assessed the employment of a few hundred PAs and their care of thousands of patients. In 34 studies, the PA was employed as a substitute for traditional physician services, and in five studies, the PA was employed in a complementary role. The quality of care delivered by a PA was comparable to a physician’s care in 15 studies, and in 18 studies, the quality of care exceeded that of a physician. In total, 29 studies showed that both labor and resource costs were lower when the PA delivered the care than when the physician delivered the care.ConclusionsMost of the studies were of good methodological quality, and the results point in the same direction; PAs delivered the same or better care outcomes as physicians with the same or less cost of care. Sometimes this efficiency was due to their reduced labor cost and sometimes because they were more effective as producers of care and activity.
Pobreza, Educação e os Direitos Humanos Dentro da Sociedade / Poverty, Education and Human Rights Within Society
Authors: Alberti Andressa , Silva Bruna Becker da , Souza Renan , Zanoni Eliton Marcio , Alberti Adriano 
Published: November 2021

Resumo: A sociedade em meio aos seus vários aspectos norteadores da formação do ser humano, busca responder por meio de vários estudos como melhorar o desenvolvimento do meio social e da vivencia entre os seres humanos. A pobreza não é falta de cultura ou falta de educação, muito menos a falta de bens materiais como muitas pessoas pensam, pois a compreensão dela é muito mais complexa do que isso e é de suma importância a compreensão sobre isso. O presente artigo presente artigo, por meio de uma revisão da literatura, pontua sobre pobreza, educação e os direitos humanos dentro da sociedade. Palavras Chave: Ser Humano, Sociedade, compreensão. Abstract: Society, in the midst of its various aspects that guide the formation of human beings, seeks to respond through various studies on how to improve the development of the social environment and experiences among human beings. Poverty is not lack of culture or lack of education, much less the lack of material goods as many people think, because understanding it is much more complex than that and understanding about it is of paramount importance. The present article in this article, through a literature review, points out about poverty, education and human rights within society. Keywords: Human Being, Society, Understanding.
COVID-19 impact on e.commerce usage
Authors: Usas Antanas , Jasinskas Edmundas , Zagurska-Antoniuk Viktoriia , Savitskyi Vladyslav , Fuhelo Pavlina 
Published: November 2021

Online stores, ad portals, shopping apps have become part of everyday life in 2020-2021. The Covid-19 epidemic has rapidly forced numerous entities (public, business, and private) to become predominantly oriented to electronic commerce in the last few months (Pejić-Bach, 2021). Business in the online space faces new challenges that require additional knowledge and skills. The object of the research is the assessment how covid-19 impact on ecommerce usage in Lithuania. The aim of the work is to examine ecommerce usage in Lithuania during covid-19 pandemic. Methods: scientific literature analysis, statistical data analysis. Businesses had to offer a wider range of services in order to survive. The issue of cybersecurity has grown. Consumers have also reacted ambiguously to this situation. Not only are economic factors that determine the frequency or quantity of consumer purchases distinguished, but also social and psychological factors, such as loss of motivation or apathy. The vast majority of Lithuanian shoppers were selling local online shops. The amount of money spent on online shopping has also increased. The pandemic has increased the scope of ecommerce and the range of services in Lithuania despite the deteriorating economic and social situation.
Using Random Forest Regression to Determine Influential Force-Time Metrics for Countermovement Jump Height: A Technical Report
Authors: Merrigan Justin J. , Stone Jason D. , Wagle John P. , Hornsby W. G. , Ramadan Jad , Joseph Michael , Galster Scott M. , Hagen Joshua A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Merrigan, JJ, Stone, JD, Wagle, JP, Hornsby, WG, Ramadan, J, Joseph, M, and Hagen, JA. Using random forest regression to determine influential force-time metrics for countermovement jump height: a technical report. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 277–283, 2022—The purpose of this study was to indicate the most influential force-time metrics on countermovement jump (CMJ) height using multiple statistical procedures. Eighty-two National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I American football players performed 2 maximal-effort, no arm-swing, CMJs on force plates. The average absolute and relative (i.e., power/body mass) metrics were included as predictor variables, whereas jump height was the dependent variable within regression models (p < 0.05). Best subsets regression (8 metrics, R
2 = 0.95) included less metrics compared with stepwise regression (18 metrics, R
2 = 0.96), while explaining similar overall variance in jump height (p = 0.083). Random forest regression (RFR) models included 8 metrics, explained ∼93% of jump height variance, and were not significantly different than best subsets regression models (p > 0.05). Players achieved higher CMJs by attaining a deeper, faster, and more forceful countermovement with lower eccentric-to-concentric force ratios. An additional RFR was conducted on metrics scaled to body mass and revealed relative mean and peak concentric power to be the most influential. For exploratory purposes, additional RFR were run for each positional group and suggested that the most influential variables may differ across positions. Thus, developing power output capabilities and providing coaching to improve technique during the countermovement may maximize jump height capabilities. Scientists and practitioners may use best subsets or RFR analyses to help identify which force-time metrics are of interest to reduce the selectable number of multicollinear force-time metrics to monitor. These results may inform their training programs to maximize individual performance capabilities.
Dexamethasone Versus Prednisone in Children Hospitalized for Acute Asthma Exacerbations
Authors: Hemani Sunita Ali , Glover Brianna , Ball Samantha , Rechler Willi , Wetzel Martha , Hames Nicole , Jenkins Elan , Lantis Patricia , Fitzpatrick Anne , Varghese Sarah 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Extensive literature supports using dexamethasone (DEX) in children presenting to the emergency department (ED) with mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbations; however, only limited studies have assessed this in hospitalized children. In this study, we evaluate the outcomes of DEX versus prednisone/prednisolone (PRED) use in children hospitalized for mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbations.

METHODS
This multisite retrospective cohort study included children between 3 and 21 years of age hospitalized to a tertiary care children’s hospital system between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017, with a primary discharge diagnosis of acute asthma exacerbation or status asthmaticus. Primary study outcome was mean hospital length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included PICU transfers during initial hospitalization and ED revisits and hospital readmissions within 10 days after discharge. Generalized linear models were used to model logged LOS as a function of steroid and demographic and clinical covariates. The analysis was stratified by initial steroid timing.

RESULTS
Of the 1410 children included, 981 received only DEX and 429 received only PRED. For children who started oral steroids after hospital arrival, DEX cohort had a significantly shorter adjusted mean hospital LOS (DEX 24.43 hours versus PRED 29.38 hours; P = .03). For children who started oral steroids before hospital arrival, LOS did not significantly differ (DEX 26.72 hours versus PRED 25.20 hours; P = .45). Rates of PICU transfers, ED revisits, and hospital readmissions were uncommon events.

CONCLUSION
Children hospitalized with mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbations have significantly shorter hospital LOS when starting DEX rather than PRED on admission.
The Effect of Sitting Versus Standing on Family Perceptions of Family-Centered Rounds
Authors: Osborn Rachel , Grossman Matthew , Berkwitt Adam 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Previous studies reveal improved perception of time spent, as well as overall experience, for patients when their inpatient provider is seated during an encounter. With our study, we aim to establish whether family experience and perception of time is improved when a pediatric inpatient provider team sits for patient and family-centered rounds.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
From February 2017 to November 2017, 99 inpatient encounters were randomly assigned to either a sitting or standing rounding team. Mean total time spent on rounds, family perception of time spent on rounds, and overall family experience with rounds (by using top-box analysis of physician communication questions) were compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS
Total time spent on rounds was similar between the 2 groups (14.2 minutes in the sitting group and 12.7 minutes in the standing group; P = .23), and families in general overestimated the time spent with physicians in both groups (15.9 minutes in sitting group and 14.8 minutes in the standing group; P = .45). There were no significant differences in top-box experience responses (62% in sitting and 55% in standing; P = .12).

CONCLUSIONS
Sitting during the patient and family-centered rounds encounter did not affect actual or perceived time spent during rounds. Families may have a slightly more positive experience with seated rounds, but the difference in this study did not reach a level of statistical significance.
Effectiveness	of	Dry	Needling	for	the Management of Plantar Fasciitis: A Review Study
Authors: Salehi Saman , Shadmehr Azadeh , Olyaei Gholamreza , Bashardoust Tajali Siamak , Mir Seyed Mohsen 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Plantar Fasciitis (PF) is an overuse syndrome as it develops over time. It is most frequently seen in both the non-athletic and athletic populations. PF is a multifactorial and self-limiting disorder that several factors are involved in its onset. Many well-established treatments are available for plantar heel pain. The purpose of this review is to determine the effectiveness of dry needling for the management of PF.
Materials and Methods: This article is a review study, in which we present the studies that compare dry needling with other treatments for the management of plantar heel pain. We included all of the studies on patients with plantar heel pain and plantar fasciitis that investigated the effects of dry needling. Finally, seven articles were included in this review. The study designs were randomized controlled, quasi-experimental, and case-control. The Physiotherapy Evidence-based Database (PED) scale was used to measure the methodological quality of the studies.
Results: The PEDro scoring of the articles ranged between 2.10-7.10. The results of this review show that dry needling may be useful in improving the pain of individuals with plantar heel pain and plantar fasciitis.
Conclusion: Further high-quality research studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of dry needling in the management of plantar heel pain. Because a variety of protocol treatments of dry needling were used in the studies, we cannot recommend dry needling schedule prescriptions for the management of individuals with plantar heel pain and plantar fasciitis.
​Body Size Traits and Association with the Genetic Polymorphism of Melatonin Receptor 1A (MTNR1A) Gene in Shuxuan Cattle
Authors: Wang Wei , Jia Xian-bo , Gan Jia , Fang Dong-hui , Shi Yi , He Fang , Yi Jun 
Published: November 2021

Background: Shuxuan cattle is one newly cultivated dual-purpose breed in Sichuan province, China, by crossing the indigenous Xuanhan cattle with external breeds. Body sizes have been widely regarded as the important breed characteristics in cattle. The current study was aimed to evaluate the body sizes and its molecular inherite marker for futhure herd improvement. Methods: In the present study, we first investigated a total of 11 body size traits and their overall distribution and pairwise relationships of 169 healthy Shuxuan cattle. Subsequently, the SNP c.A455G of melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) gene were genotyped among 169 Shuxuan cattle and subjected to association analysis with body size traits. Result: We revealed that adult females have the mean withers height of 113.5 cm, body length of 131.8 cm, chest girth of 157.5 cm and hip height of 104.8 cm, respectively. Among all these traits, the highest correlation was observed in withers height and hip height with spearman’s coefficient of 0.85. We found that Shuxuan cattle had an average heterozygosity of 0.5008 and polymorphism information content of 0.3747. Accordingly to the very stringent criterion of Bonferroni multiple adjustments, only chest width was associated with different genotypes of this candidate SNP (P less than 0.05). The results provide an overall profile of the morphological and growth characteristics in Shuxuan cattle.
PEMBERDAYAAN PETERNAK SAPI POTONG MENUJU KEMANDIRIAN
Authors: Wulandari Lany Sonia , Subekti Sri 
Published: November 2021

Empowerment is needed to support the selfreliance and progress of beef cattle farmers so that beef cattle farmers can develop. The selfreliance of beef cattle farmers through livestock gapoktan has a role to help the progress of farmers in the form of feed concentrates and modern technologies such as life scales and feed making machines in developing their businesses. This study aims to determine the empowerment of beef cattle farmers through livestock gapoktan in Karanganyar Village, Tegalampel District, Bondowoso Regency. Location selection was determined purposively (purposive method), with the reason that there was an advanced and largest livestock gapoktan in Bondowoso District. The research conducted is qualitative research with data analysis using the method of Miles and Huberman analysis and the determination of informants using purposive sampling. The results showed that the empowerment of farmers can be seen from three things, namely voice, choice (rational choice), which is able to increase selfreliance. Voice is the voice of beef cattle breeders who are able and courageous to convey the aspirations of farmers to progress, the need for raising livestock, giving ideas or ideas, conveying interests and demands in performance in livestock gapoktan. In a rational choice, farmers are brave enough to choose rationally in raising cattle and join with livestock gapoktan based on their goals and values ​​and take action so that the goals can be achieved. The ability of beef cattle farmers to deliver their voices and make rational choices is a process of increasing selfreliance. The selfreliance of cattle breeders can be seen as the ability of farmers to fulfill their daily needs, collaborate and think sustainably.

Keywords: empowerment, voice, choice, selfrelience
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA BURUH SADAP KARET KEBUN BANJARSARI PTPN XII DI KECAMATAN BANGSALSARI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Rofii Ahmad , Hani Evita Soliha 
Published: November 2021

Rubber tapping workers are piece workers in which these workers receive wages based on the volume of work or units of work. One of the plantation companies managed by BUMN is PTPN XII. One of the gardens that was the highest revenue contributor for the company was the PTPN XII Banjarsari Garden in Bangsalsari District, Jember Regency. The problem that often arises in piece workers such as rubber tapping workers is the problem of wages. The productivity of the rubber tapping workers affects the wages earned by the rubber tapping workers. Research at the Banjarsari Plantation of PTPN XII, aims to determine: (1) The work motivation of PTPN XII's Banjarsari rubber tapping laborers, (2) The work productivity of PTPN XII's Banjarsari rubber tapping workers in, (3) The relationship between work motivation and work productivity of rubber tapping laborers in the Banjarsari Plantation of PTPN XII. The results of the analysis show that: (1) The level of work motivation of rubber tapping workers at Banjarsari Plantation PTPN XII is high, (2) The productivity level of rubber tapping workers at Banjarsari Plantation PTPN XII is high, (3) There is a significant and unidirectional relationship between motivation. and labor productivity of rubber tapping at PTPN XII's Banjarsari Plantation.
Keywords: Rubber Tapping, Motivation, Productivity, Relationship between work motivation and work productivity