bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering the Optical Emission and Robustness of Metal‐Halide Layered Perovskites through Ligand Accommodation
Authors: Dhanabalan Balaji , Biffi Giulia , Moliterni Anna , Olieric Vincent , Giannini Cinzia , Saleh Gabriele , Ponet Louis , Prato Mirko , Imran Muhammad , Manna Liberato , Krahne Roman , Artyukhin Sergey , Arciniegas Milena P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe unique combination of organic and inorganic layers in 2D layered perovskites offers promise for the design of a variety of materials for mechatronics, flexoelectrics, energy conversion, and lighting. However, the potential tailoring of their properties through the organic building blocks is not yet well understood. Here, different classes of organoammonium molecules are exploited to engineer the optical emission and robustness of a new set of Ruddlesden–Popper metal‐halide layered perovskites. It is shown that the type of molecule regulates the number of hydrogen bonds that it forms with the edge‐sharing [PbBr6]4‐ octahedra layers, leading to strong differences in the material emission and tunability of the color coordinates, from deep‐blue to pure‐white. Also, the emission intensity strongly depends on the length of the molecules, thereby providing an additional parameter to optimize their emission efficiency. The combined experimental and computational study provides a detailed understanding of the impact of lattice distortions, compositional defects, and the anisotropic crystal structure on the emission of such layered materials. It is foreseen that this rational design can be extended to other types of organic linkers, providing a yet unexplored path to tailor the optical and mechanical properties of these materials and to unlock new functionalities.
Biomimetic Liposomal Nanoplatinum for Targeted Cancer Chemophototherapy
Authors: Liu Xue‐Liang , Dong Xiao , Yang Si‐Cong , Lai Xing , Liu Hai‐Jun , Gao Yuhao , Feng Hai‐Yi , Zhu Mao‐Hua , Yuan Yihang , Lu Qin , Lovell Jonathan F. , Chen Hong‐Zhuan , Fang Chao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer is limited by tumor hypoxia. Platinum nanoparticles (nano‐Pt) as a catalase‐like nanoenzyme can enhance PDT through catalytic oxygen supply. However, the cytotoxic activity of nano‐Pt is not comprehensively considered in the existing methods to exert their multifunctional antitumor effects. Here, nano‐Pt are loaded into liposomes via reverse phase evaporation. The clinical photosensitizer verteporfin (VP) is loaded in the lipid bilayer to confer PDT activity. Murine macrophage cell membranes are hybridized into the liposomal membrane to confer biomimetic and targeting features. The resulting liposomal system, termed “nano‐Pt/VP@MLipo,” is investigated for chemophototherapy in vitro and in vivo in mouse tumor models. At the tumor site, oxygen produced by nano‐Pt catalyzation improves the VP‐mediated PDT, which in turn triggers the release of nano‐Pt via membrane permeabilization. The ultrasmall 3–5 nm nano‐Pt enables better penetration in tumors, which is also facilitated by the generated oxygen gas, for enhanced chemotherapy. Chemophototherapy with a single injection of nano‐Pt/VP@MLipo and light irradiation inhibits the growth of aggressive 4T1 tumors and their lung metastasis, and prolongs animal survival without overt toxicity.
Construction of an Alternative NAD+ De Novo Biosynthesis Pathway
Authors: Ding Yong , Li Xinli , Horsman Geoff P. , Li Pengwei , Wang Min , Li Jine , Zhang Zhilong , Liu Weifeng , Wu Bian , Tao Yong , Chen Yihua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a life essential molecule involved in versatile biological processes. To date, only two de novo biosynthetic routes to NAD+ are described, both of which start from a proteinogenic amino acid and are tightly controlled. Here, a de novo quinolinic acid pathway starting from chorismate, which provides an alternative route (named as the C3N pathway) to NAD+ biosynthesis, is established. Significantly, the C3N pathway yields extremely high cellular concentrations of NAD(H) in E. coli. Its utility in cofactor engineering is demonstrated by introducing the four‐gene C3N module to cell factories to achieve higher production of 2,5‐dimethylpyrazine and develop an efficient C3N‐based whole‐cell bioconversion system for preparing chiral amines. The wide distribution and abundance of chorismate in most kingdoms of life implies a general utility of the C3N pathway for modulating cellular levels of NAD(H) in versatile organisms.
Contributions of biomass/solid fuel burning to blood pressure modification in women: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dillon David T. , Webster Gregory D. , Bisesi Joseph H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesApproximately 2½ billion people worldwide rely on solid/biomass fuel as fuel for cooking/heating the home. Environmental exposure to the smoke associated with biomass fuel burning has been associated respiratory diseases, cardiac disorders, and altered blood pressure. Therefore, a systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to study this relationship across multiple studies.MethodsSearches were performed using PRISMA guidelines for articles using Web of Science, PubMed, Toxline, and Web of Science of peer reviewed papers with no beginning time restriction until February 2017. The search yielded 10 manuscripts after application of inclusion criteria, which encompassed 93 724 participants. Outcomes included (a) the proportion of people with a clinical diagnosis of hypertension in an exposed (vs. unexposed) population or (b) correlation coefficients examining degree of exposure and systolic/diastolic blood pressure.ResultsThe four studies reporting effect sizes for hypertension (N = 92 042) had a weighted mean effect size of r = .12 [−0.02, 0.27], z = 1.66, p = 0.097. The six studies reporting effect sizes for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (N = 1682) had weighted mean effect sizes of r = .15 [0.06, 0.24], p = 0.001, and r = .09 [0.03, 0.15], p = 0.002, respectively.ConclusionThese analyses revealed that there is a small‐but‐significant relationship between biomass fuel exposure and an increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but the relationship between biomass fuel and hypertension specifically remains unclear.
Early developmental trajectories of expressive vocabulary and gesture production in a longitudinal cohort of Italian infants at high‐risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Riva Valentina , Caruso Angela , Apicella Fabio , Valeri Giovanni , Vicari Stefano , Molteni Massimo , Scattoni Maria Luisa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDelays in language are a hallmark feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, little is known about the predictive role of language developmental trajectories on ASD. The present study aimed at identifying early different language developmental profiles of infants at high familial risk for ASD (HR‐ASD) and testing their predictive role on ASD symptoms at 2 years. The role of gestures on socio‐communicative skills has also been explored. Trajectories of expressive vocabulary were investigated in 137 HR‐ASD infants at 12, 18, and, 24 months of age. Parents were requested to complete the Italian version of the MacArthur‐Bates Communicative Development Inventory and ASD symptoms were measured by ADOS‐2. Latent class growth analysis defined four trajectories: above average language development group (above‐average LD, 18.2%), normal language development group (NLD, 38.7%), late‐onset language development group (late‐onset LD, 11.7%), and a group of children with stable language delay (SLD, 31.4%). Results showed that the SLD group obtained higher communicative difficulties and restricted/repetitive behavior compared to the other groups. Examining early increase of produced gestures in the different language classes, we found fewer produced gestures between 12 and 18 months in the SLD group compared to the late‐onset LD group. The results identified clusters of HR infants who follow similar estimated trajectories based on individual differences in language development. These patterns of early language acquisition, together with produced gestures, may be predictive of later ASD symptoms and useful for planning prompt intervention.Lay SummaryLanguage/gesture deficits are hallmark features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but the predictive role of communicative trajectories on ASD remains unclear. In a longitudinal Italian sample of infants at high familial risk for ASD (HR‐ASD), we tested if language trajectories and their link with gestures can predict ASD symptoms. We found four trajectories and HR infants with a stable language delay (SLD) trajectory showed more ASD symptoms later on. SLD infants produced fewer gestures compared to late‐onset language development group that show more typical communicative skills.
Modeling the Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Delgado Otalvaro Nirvana , Gül Bilir Pembe , Herrera Delgado Karla , Pitter Stephan , Sauer Jörg 
Published: March 2021

AbstractArtificial neural networks (ANNs) are designed and implemented to model the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas over a commercial catalyst system. The predictive power of the ANNs is assessed by comparison with the predictions of a lumped model parameterized to fit the same data used for ANN training. The ANN training converges much faster than the parameter estimation of the lumped model, and the predictions show a higher degree of accuracy under all conditions. Furthermore, the simulations show that the ANN predictions are also accurate even at some conditions beyond the validity range.
Population connectivity, dispersal, and swimming behavior inDaphnia
Authors: Tesson Sylvie V. M. , Sha Yongcui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe water fleaDaphniahas the capacity to respond rapidly to environmental stressors, to disperse over large geographical scales, and to preserve its genetic material by forming egg banks in the sediment. Spatial and temporal distributions ofD.magnahave been extensively studied over the last decades using behavioral or genetic tools, although the correlation between the two has rarely been the focus. In the present study, we therefore investigated the population genetic structure and behavioral response to a lethal threat, ultraviolet radiation (UVR), among individuals from two different water bodies. Our results show two genetic populations with moderate gene flow, highly correlated with geographical location and with inheritable traits through generations. However, despite the strong genetic differences between populations, we show homogeneous refuge demand between populations when exposed to the lethal threat solar UVR.
Seasonality of floral resources in relation to bee activity in agroecosystems
Authors: Guezen Jessica M. , Forrest Jessica R. K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe contribution of wild insects to crop pollination is becoming increasingly important as global demand for crops dependent on animal pollination increases. If wild insect populations are to persist in agricultural landscapes, there must be sufficient resources over time and space. The temporal, within‐season component of floral resource availability has rarely been investigated, despite growing recognition of its likely importance for pollinator populations. Here, we examined the visitation rates of common bee genera and the spatiotemporal availability of floral resources in agroecosystems over one season to determine whether local wild bee activity was limited by landscape floral resource abundance, and if so, whether it was limited by the present or past abundance of landscape floral resources. Visitation rates and landscape floral resources were measured in 27 agricultural sites in Ontario and Québec, Canada, across four time periods and three spatial scales. Floral resources were determined based on species‐specific floral volume measurements, which we found to be highly correlated with published measurements of nectar sugar mass and pollen volume. Total floral volume at varying spatial scales predicted visits for commonly observed bee genera. We found Lasioglossum and Halictus visits were highest in landscapes that provided either a stable or increasing amount of floral resources over the season. Andrena visits were highest in landscapes with high floral resources at the start of the season, and Bombus visits appeared to be positively related to greater cumulative seasonal abundance of floral resources. These findings together suggest the importance of early‐season floral resources to bees. Megachile visits were negatively associated with the present abundance of floral resources, perhaps reflecting pollinator movement or dilution. Our research provides insight into how seasonal fluctuations in floral resources affect bee activity and how life history traits of bee genera influence their responses to food availability within agroecosystems.
A permeability evolution model of coal particle from the perspective of adsorption deformation
Authors: Liu Wei , Wu Deyao , Xu Hao , Chu Xiangyu , Zhao Wei , Yang Yinlei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs an important indicator, permeability can predict the gas drainage yield and prevent the mine gas disasters. We first reviewed our previous inversion method to investigate permeability coefficient of gas in coal particles; however, the relationship between permeability and adsorption pressure had not been summarized and explained theoretically. Here, a permeability evolution model including two crucial parameters of initial permeability and deformation coefficient was developed. The inversion gas permeability coefficients were converted into permeability, and then, the permeability of the same coal sample was fitted according to the evolution model. The results show that (i) the modeled results are matched reasonably well with the inversion permeability data, and thus, this model has been validated; and (ii) as volatile matter content increases, the initial permeability decreases exponentially, but the deformation coefficient basically grows in a linear trend. These two parameters are coupling to lead to a negative exponential decrease in permeability as gas pressure rises.
Fog‐to‐Water for Water Scarcity in Climate‐Change Hazards Hotspots: Pilot Study in Southeast Asia
Authors: Ismail Zaitizila , Go Yun Ii 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWater is indispensable for human survival. Freshwater scarcity and unsustainable water are the main growing concerns in the world. It is estimated that about 800 million people worldwide do not have basic access to drinking water and about 2.2 billion people do not have access to safe water supply. Southeast Asia is most likely to experience water scarcity and water demand as a result of climate change. Climate change and the increasing water demand that eventually contribute to water scarcity are focused upon here. For Southeast Asia to adapt to the adverse consequences of global climate change and the growing concern of environmental water demand, fog water harvesting is considered as the most promising method to overcome water scarcity or drought. Fog water collection technique is a passive, low maintenance, and sustainable option that can supply fresh drinking water to communities where fog is a common phenomenon. Fog water harvesting system involves the use of mesh nets to collect water as fog passes through them. Only minimal cost is required for the operation and maintenance. In conclusion, fog water harvesting seems to be a promising method that can be implemented to overcome water scarcity and water demand in Southeast Asia.
Survival outcomes in locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma presenting with clinical perineural invasion alone
Authors: Hazim Antonious Z. , Reed Clay T. , Price Katharine A. , Foote Robert L. , Ma Daniel J. , Neben‐Wittich Michelle , DeLone David R. , Jenkins Sarah M. , Smith Carin Y. , Chintakuntlawar Ashish V. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) involving the head and neck are common, but initial presentation or recurrence limited to the cranial nerves is rare.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 21 patients with clinical perineural invasion (PNI) from CSCC and no measurable disease by RECIST 1.1. Patients treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy were included.ResultsThe median time from symptom onset until diagnosis was 13.0 months (2.6–83.1). All patients received radiotherapy. Fourteen received concurrent systemic therapy. The median follow‐up time was 30.5 months (1.1–106.0). Ten patients recurred, with the majority being locoregional. The 2‐year overall survival rate was 85%. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 21.5 months with an estimated 2‐year PFS of 44.5% (95%CI: 22.3–66.8).ConclusionsCSCCs with clinical PNI alone are difficult to diagnose and can have a long interval between appearance of symptoms and diagnosis. They can successfully be treated with chemoradiotherapy. However, many patients still suffer from locoregional recurrences.
Health workforce surge capacity during the COVID‐19 pandemic and other global respiratory disease outbreaks: A systematic review of health system requirements and responses
Authors: Gupta Neeru , Balcom Sarah A. , Gulliver Adrienne , Witherspoon Richelle L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHealth system decision‐makers need comprehensive evidence to mitigate surges in the demand for human resources for health (HRH) during infectious disease outbreaks. This study aimed to assess the state of the evidence on policy and planning responses to HRH surge capacity during the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic and other viral respiratory disease outbreaks of global significance in the 21st century. We systematically searched eight bibliographic databases to extract primary research articles published between January 2000 and June 2020 capturing temporal changes in health workforce requirements and responses surrounding respiratory virus pandemics. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses standard, 16 studies met our inclusion criteria. Five focused on COVID‐19, three on H1N1, and eight modelled a hypothetical pandemic. Investigations of different training, mobilization, and redeployment options to address pandemic‐time health system capacity were reviewed; however, few scenarios drew on observational HRH data, and heterogeneity of study approaches and outcomes generally precluded comparability across contexts. Notable evidence gaps included occupational and psychosocial factors affecting healthcare workers' absenteeism and risk of burnout, gendered considerations of HRH capacity, evaluations in low‐ and lower‐middle income countries, and policy‐actionable assessments to inform post‐pandemic recovery and sustainability of services for noncommunicable disease management.
From lionizing to protecting health care workers during and after COVID‐19—systems solutions for human tragedies
Authors: Guillén Ethan , Buissonnière Marine , Lee Christopher T. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, health care workers (HCWs) have been lauded as heroes, yet both before and during the pandemic, they lacked the protections needed to keep them safe. We summarize data on HCW infections and deaths during previous epidemics, the costs of the failure to protect them, and provide recommendations for strengthening HCW protections by investments in and implementation of infection prevention and control and water, sanitation, and hygiene programs, training and career development, and national and global monitoring of HCW infections. We must move from placing individuals at undue risk to accepting collective responsibility and accountability for the well‐being of our HCWs and take concrete actions to protect HCWs who risk their lives to protect patients and populations.
Rapid head‐pose detection for automated slice prescription of fetal‐brain MRI
Authors: Hoffmann Malte , Abaci Turk Esra , Gagoski Borjan , Morgan Leah , Wighton Paul , Tisdall Matthew Dylan , Reuter Martin , Adalsteinsson Elfar , Grant Patricia Ellen , Wald Lawrence L. , van der Kouwe André J. W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn fetal‐brain MRI, head‐pose changes between prescription and acquisition present a challenge to obtaining the standard sagittal, coronal and axial views essential to clinical assessment. As motion limits acquisitions to thick slices that preclude retrospective resampling, technologists repeat ~55‐second stack‐of‐slices scans (HASTE) with incrementally reoriented field of view numerous times, deducing the head pose from previous stacks. To address this inefficient workflow, we propose a robust head‐pose detection algorithm using full‐uterus scout scans (EPI) which take ~5 seconds to acquire. Our ~2‐second procedure automatically locates the fetal brain and eyes, which we derive from maximally stable extremal regions (MSERs). The success rate of the method exceeds 94% in the third trimester, outperforming a trained technologist by up to 20%. The pipeline may be used to automatically orient the anatomical sequence, removing the need to estimate the head pose from 2D views and reducing delays during which motion can occur.
Tramadol aggravates cardiovascular toxicity in a rat model of alcoholism: Involvement of intermediate microfilament proteins and immune‐expressed osteopontin
Authors: Abdel Hamid Omaima I. , Sabik Laila M. E. , Abdelfadeel Karima F. , Shaban Sahar F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTramadol and alcohol are among commonly abused drugs. Although there are potential dangers reported upon their mixing, there are no previous reports describing this mixture's effects on the cardiovascular system (CVS). The aim was to study the effects of mixed alcohol and tramadol on the CVS of adult male rats. Fifty rats were divided into four groups: control, tramadol‐treated group, alcohol‐treated, and coadministration groups. Tramadol caused a significant increases in creatine kinase‐MB, troponin I, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, and a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity with histological alterations in sections of the heart and aorta and a significant increase in the area% of collagen fibers while there was a nonsignificant difference in body weight, heart weight, heart weight/body weight ratio, lipid profile, tissue tumor necrosis factor‐α and interferon‐γ, intermediate microfilament proteins (IFPs) {desmin, vimentin, connexin43} gene expression, mean area% of elastic fibers in aortic tissue and osteopontin expression in cardiac and aortic tissue. Alcohol treatment caused a significant change in all the measured parameters and more damage in histological sections. The changes were highest in the coadministration group. There was a strong positive correlation between the area% of collagen fibers and vimentin gene expression, and the area% of osteopontin expression was positively correlated to connexin43 in cardiac and vascular tissue. Tramadol causes CVS injury mainly through oxidative stresses, while the alcohol effect is multifactorial; mixing both aggravates CVS injury. The study also highlights the role of IFPs and osteopontin‐expression in inducing injury.
Incidental finding of accessory mitral valve tissue on routine adult echocardiography
Authors: Theodoropoulos Konstantinos C. , Avci Demir Fulya , Masoero Giovani , Lukban Benito Francisco , Fonseca Tiago , Monaghan Mark J. , Papachristidis Alexandros 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAccessory mitral valve tissue is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality that sometimes can cause left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. We herein present the case of a 55‐year‐old male with an incidental finding of accessory mitral valve tissue on transthoracic echocardiography. The patient was managed conservatively as accessory tissue was not causing left ventricular outflow obstruction and there were no hemodynamic consequences.