bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Acupuncture on Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profiles in Patients with PCOS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zheng Ruqun , Qing Peng , Han Mei , Song Jinlong , Hu Min , Ma Hongxia , Li Juan 
Published: March 2021

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods. Databases, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched for the relevant literature, with the retrieval deadline being February 2020. Two reviewers independently screened, selected, and extracted the data and validated the results. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated with the risk of bias tool, and the meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3.5 software. Results. A total of 737 patients with PCOS from 10 randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. A pooled analysis showed significant decreases in body mass index (mean difference (MD) = –1.47, 95% CI –2.35 to –0.58,

P

< 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio (MD = –0.04, 95% CI [–0.06, –0.02],

P

< 0.001) in the acupuncture group along with significant improvements in fasting plasma glucose (MD = –0.38, 95% CI [–0.70, –0.07], P = 0.02), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (MD = –0.22, 95% CI [–0.41, –0.02],

P

= 0.03), and triglycerides (MD = –0.26, 95% CI [–0.48, –0.04],

P

= 0.02). No significant differences were observed in the Ferriman–Gallwey score, 2 h fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, 2 h fasting insulin, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusion. Acupuncture is relatively effective and safe in improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with PCOS. The included studies were generally of not bad methodological quality, but further large-scale, long-term randomized controlled trials with rigorous methodological standards are still warranted.
GLUT1 Expression in Tumor-Associated Neutrophils Promotes Lung Cancer Growth and Resistance to Radiotherapy
Authors: Ancey Pierre-Benoit , Contat Caroline , Boivin Gael , Sabatino Silvia , Pascual Justine , Zangger Nadine , Perentes Jean Yannis , Peters Solange , Abel E. Dale , Kirsch David G. , Rathmell Jeffrey C. , Vozenin Marie-Catherine , Meylan Etienne 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNeutrophils are the most abundant circulating leucocytes and are essential for innate immunity. In cancer, pro- or antitumor properties have been attributed to tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN). Here, focusing on TAN accumulation within lung tumors, we identify GLUT1 as an essential glucose transporter for their tumor supportive behavior. Compared with normal neutrophils, GLUT1 and glucose metabolism increased in TANs from a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. To elucidate the impact of glucose uptake on TANs, we used a strategy with two recombinases, dissociating tumor initiation from neutrophil-specific Glut1 deletion. Loss of GLUT1 accelerated neutrophil turnover in tumors and reduced a subset of TANs expressing SiglecF. In the absence of GLUT1 expression by TANs, tumor growth was diminished and the efficacy of radiotherapy was augmented. Our results demonstrate the importance of GLUT1 in TANs, which may affect their pro- versus antitumor behavior. These results also suggest targeting metabolic vulnerabilities to favor antitumor neutrophils.Significance:Lung tumor support and radiotherapy resistance depend on GLUT1-mediated glucose uptake in tumor-associated neutrophils, indicating that metabolic vulnerabilities should be considered to target both tumor cells as well as innate immune cells.
FDA Approval Summary: Fam-Trastuzumab Deruxtecan-Nxki for the Treatment of Unresectable or Metastatic HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Narayan Preeti , Osgood Christy L. , Singh Harpreet , Chiu Haw-Jyh , Ricks Tiffany K. , Chiu Yuen Chow Edwin , Qiu Junshan , Song Pengfei , Yu Jingyu , Namuswe Frances , Guiterrez-Lugo Maria , Hou Sherry , Pierce William F. , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Tang Shenghui , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Theoret Marc R. , Pazdur Richard , Beaver Julia A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
On December 20, 2019, the FDA granted accelerated approval to fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki [DS-8201a; T-DXd; tradename ENHERTU (Daiichi Sankyo)] for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who have received two or more prior anti-HER2–based regimens in the metastatic setting. Approval was based on data from study DS8201-A-U201 (DESTINY-Breast01) with supportive safety data from study DS8201-A-J101. The primary efficacy endpoint in DESTINY-Breast01 was overall response rate (ORR) based on confirmed responses by blinded independent central review (ICR) using RECIST v1.1 in all participants who were assigned to receive the recommended dose of 5.4 mg/kg while secondary endpoints included duration of response (DoR). The confirmed ORR based on ICR in these 184 patients was 60.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 52.9–67.4] and the median DoR was 14.8 months (95% CI: 13.8–16.9). Interstitial lung disease, including pneumonitis, was experienced in patients treated with T-DXd and can be severe, life threatening, or fatal. In addition, neutropenia and left ventricular dysfunction were included as Warnings and Precautions in labeling. Other important common adverse reactions were nausea, fatigue, vomiting, alopecia, constipation, decreased appetite, anemia, diarrhea, and thrombocytopenia. Overall, the totality of efficacy and safety data supported the accelerated approval of T-DXd for the intended indication.
The genus Coelichneumon Thomson in Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae)
Authors: RIEDEL MATTHIAS , WATANABE KYOHEI 
Published: March 2021

In this taxonomic study, 29 species of the genus Coelichneumon Thomson, 1893 found in Japan are described in detail. For some species, other East Palaearctic material is also mentioned. Five of the species are new to science: Coelichneumon caerulogaster nov. sp. (from Hokkaido and Honshu), C. carinator nov. sp. (from Honshu; also Russia and Korea), C. cyanator nov. sp. (from Honshu), C. terebrator nov. sp. (from Honshu) and C. uchidai nov. sp. (from Honshu). Four species are newly reported from Japan: C. clypeatus (Uchida, 1955), C. decemguttatus Uchida, 1932, C. maritimensis Heinrich, 1980 and C. nobilis (Wesmael, 1857). C. femoralis Uchida, 1927 is newly recorded from Far East Russia and C. rufibasalis (Uchida, 1927) from China and Mongolia. C. birmanicus Heinrich, 1966 is newly synonymized under Ichneumon bivittatus Matsumura, 1912. C. coxalis Uchida, 1926 is newly synonymized under Ichneumon sinister Wesmael, 1848, and Ichneumon flavitarsis Smith, 1874 is newly synonymized under Ichneumon deliratorius Linnaeus, 1758. The female of C. rufibasalis (Uchida, 1927) and the male of C. maritimensis Heinrich, 1980 are described for the first time. For C. flavitarsis sensu Lee et al. non Smith, a new name, C. flavitarsator, is established and a lectotype designated. The genus Aglaojoppa Cameron, 1901 is newly synonymized under Coelichneumon. Hence, A. centummaculata (Christ, 1791) is transferred to Coelichneumon (rev. stat.). The specific names of A. rufofemoratus Cameron, 1903 and A. victoriae Heinrich, 1968 are preoccupied in Coelichneumon and two replacement names are proposed, Coelichneumon cameroni nom. nov. for the former and C. paravictoriae nom. nov. for the latter species.
Improving Communication of Uncertainty and Risk of High-Impact Weather through Innovative Forecaster Workshops
Authors: Colle Brian A. , Auld Rosemary , Johnson Kenneth , O’Connell Christine , Taylor Temis G. , Rice Joshua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIt is challenging to communicate uncertainty for high-impact weather events to the public and decision-makers. As a result, there is an increased emphasis and training within the National Weather Service (NWS) for “impact-based decision support.” A Collaborative Science, Technology, And Research (CSTAR) project led by Stony Brook University (SBU) in collaboration with the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science, several NWS forecast offices, and NWS operational centers held two workshops at SBU on effective forecast communication of probabilistic information for high-impact weather. Trainers in two 1.5-day workshops helped 15–20 forecasters learn to distill their messages, engage audiences, and more effectively communicate risk and uncertainty to decision-makers, media, and the general public. The novel aspect of the first workshop focused on using improvisational techniques to connect with audiences along with exercises to improve communication skills using short, clear, conversational statements. The same forecasters participated in the second workshop, which focused on matching messages to intended audiences and stakeholder interaction. Using a recent high-impact weather event, representatives in emergency management, TV media, departments of transportation, and emergency services provided feedback on the forecaster oral presentations (2–3 min) and a visual slide. This article describes our innovative workshop approach, illustrates some of the techniques used, and highlights participant feedback.
Striving for Improvement: The Perceived Value of Improving Hurricane Forecast Accuracy
Authors: Molina Renato , Letson David , McNoldy Brian , Mozumder Pallab , Varkony Matthew 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHurricanes are the costliest type of natural disaster in the United States. Every year, these natural phenomena destroy billions of dollars in physical capital, displace thousands, and greatly disrupt local economies. While this damage will never be eliminated, the number of fatalities and the cost of preparing and evacuating can be reduced through improved forecasts. This paper seeks to establish the public’s willingness to pay for further improvement of hurricane forecasts by integrating atmospheric modeling and a double-bounded dichotomous choice method in a large-scale contingent valuation experiment. Using an interactive survey, we focus on areas affected by hurricanes in 2018 to elicit residents’ willingness to pay for improvements along storm track, wind speed, and precipitation forecasts. Our results indicate improvements in wind speed forecast are valued the most, followed by storm track and precipitation, and that maintaining the current annual rate of error reduction for another decade is worth between $90.25 and $121.86 per person in vulnerable areas. Our study focuses on areas recently hit by hurricanes in the United States, but the implications of our results can be extended to areas vulnerable to tropical cyclones globally. In a world where the intensity of hurricanes is expected to increase and research funds are limited, these results can inform relevant agencies regarding the effectiveness of different private and public adaptive actions, as well as the value of publicly funded hurricane research programs.
Topographic Rossby Waves in the Abyssal South China Sea
Authors: QUAN QI , CAI ZHONGYA , JIN GUANGZHEN , LIU ZHIQIANG 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTopographic Rossby waves (TRWs) in the abyssal South China Sea (SCS) are investigated using observations and high-resolution numerical simulations. These energetic waves can account for over 40% of the kinetic energy (KE) variability in the deep western boundary current and seamount region in the central SCS. This proportion can even reach 70% over slopes in the northern and southern SCS. The TRW-induced currents exhibit columnar (i.e., in-phase) structure in which the speed increases downward. Wave properties such as the period (5–60 days), wavelength (100–500 km), and vertical trapping scale (102–103 m) vary significantly depending on environmental parameters of the SCS. The TRW energy propagates along steep topography with phase propagation offshore. TRWs with high frequencies exhibit a stronger climbing effect than low-frequency ones and hence can move further upslope. For TRWs with a certain frequency, the wavelength and trapping scale are dominated by the topographic beta, whereas the group velocity is more sensitive to the internal Rossby deformation radius. Background circulation with horizontal shear can change the wavelength and direction of TRWs if the flow velocity is comparable to the group velocity, particularly in the central, southern, and eastern SCS. A case study suggests two possible energy sources for TRWs: mesoscale perturbation in the upper layer and large-scale background circulation in the deep layer. The former provides KE by pressure work, whereas the latter transfers the available potential energy (APE) through baroclinic instability.
Visiting Out-of-Home Places When Living With Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study: Visiter des lieux hors du domicile lorsque l'on vit avec une démence: étude transversale observationnelle
Authors: Margot-Cattin Isabel , Ludwig Catherine , Kühne Nicolas , Eriksson Gunilla , Berchtold André , Nygard Louise , Kottorp Anders 
Published: March 2021

Background. Persons living with dementia face a reduction of their life space outside home and disengagement from participation, linked to places visited. Purpose. This study explored stability and change in perceived participation in places visited outside home and its relationship with occupational gaps among older adults. Method. Older adults living with ( n = 35) or without ( n = 35) dementia were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home (ACT-OUT) questionnaire and the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire (OGQ). Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings. The group of people living with dementia reported significantly fewer places ( p < .001) visited than the comparison group and having abandoned more places visited ( p < .001) than the comparison group. The number of occupational gaps was significantly different between groups ( p < .001). Implications. Participation outside home is not influenced in a uniform and straightforward way for persons living with dementia; the shrinking world effect appears differently in relation to types of places.
Effect of Web-Based Time-Use Intervention on Occupational Balance During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pekçetin Serkan , Günal Ayla 
Published: March 2021

Background. Restrictions implemented to control the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic may lead to disruptions in occupational balance among university students. Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based time-use intervention on the occupational balance of university students. Method. A total of 60 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight sessions of web-based time management intervention, while the control group received a single-session web-based time management intervention. Pre-and post-intervention occupational balance of the participants was evaluated with Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). Findings. The eight-session intervention was more effective than the single-session intervention in improving OBQ total scores and all individual OBQ item scores except for “Having sufficient things to do during a regular week.” Implications. Occupational therapists can implement web-based time management interventions to promote the occupational balance of university students during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Evaluation of physical activity level and exercise capacity in patients with varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: Erdal Elif Sakızlı , Demirgüç Arzu , Kabalcı Mehmet , Demirtaş Hüseyin 
Published: March 2021

Objective The clinical indication of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is related to functional performance and the benefits of physical activity in patients with CVI are known. Despite its importance, the literature is limited in this regard. This study aimed to determine exercise capacity and physical activity level in patients with varicose veins and CVI. Methods Volunteers who came to the polyclinic with leg pain complaints were enrolled in the study. Individual sociodemographic and clinical information was recorded. Individuals' pain severity was assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS) and exercise capacity was assessed by 6-minute walk test (6MWT). International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the level of physical activity. Results The study group consisted of 51 individuals who were diagnosed with varicose veins and CVI. The control group consisted of 51 individuals without varicose veins and CVI diagnosis. In the study group, the VAS during activity was significantly higher compared to the control group. The 6MWT distance, distance %, IPAQ total score and IPAQ walking score of the control group were significantly higher in comparison with the study group (p<0.05). Conclusions We believe that our findings will lead the planning of interventions to increase the level of physical activity in CVI patients.
Single-center analysis of the inappropriate use of human albumin and nutritional support in hospitalized patients with hypoproteinemia in China
Authors: Zhang Jin , Zhang ZheTao , Shi TianLu 
Published: March 2021

Background This study used single-center analysis of human serum albumin clinical usage and enteral-parenteral nutritional support to establish clinical application standards for the rational use of human serum albumin. Methods A total of 1984 patients receiving human serum albumin were enrolled in this retrospective study to analyze the rational application of human serum albumin and enteral-parenteral nutritional support. Results Among 1984 patients, 1044 (52.6%) were found to have irrational applications for human serum albumin use. Major indications for irrational applications were hypoproteinemia (30.0%) and nutritional support (21.9%). Surgical departments including thoracic surgery, orthopedics, and neurosurgery had the most irrational applications, occupying 18.4%, 8.4%, and 4.2%, respectively. A total of 1627 patients (82%) required nutritional support and 745 (45.8%) had irrational nutritional support. Moreover, 694 patients (35.0%) received human serum albumin as the only source of nutritional support. Conclusions Clinical training and the establishment of an approval system should be used to enhance the rational use of human serum albumin, ensuring medication safety, reducing medical costs, and avoiding the waste of medical resources.
Tocilizumab has no direct effect on cell lines infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1
Authors: Endo Yushiro , Fukui Shoichi , Koga Tomohiro , Sasaki Daisuke , Hasegawa Hiroo , Yanagihara Katsunori , Okayama Akihiko , Nakamura Tatsufumi , Kawakami Atsushi , Nakamura Hideki 
Published: March 2021

Objective It remains unclear whether human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection influences therapeutic responses in patients with rheumatic diseases and whether immunosuppressive treatments increase the risk of HTLV-1-related complications in HTLV-1 carriers with rheumatic diseases. We examined the effects of tocilizumab (TCZ), an interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antagonist, on two HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines (HCT-5 and MT-2) in vitro. Methods We evaluated production of cytokines and chemokines, expression of HTLV-I associated genes, HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL), expression of HTLV-1 structural proteins, and apoptosis. Results There were no significant differences in cytokine and chemokine levels in the culture supernatants of HCT-5 and MT-2 cells treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or TCZ. No significant differences were detected in mRNA abundance of Tax or HBZ, PVL, expression of the HTLV-1 structural protein GAG, or apoptosis among HCT-5 and MT-2 cells treated with PBS or TCZ. Conclusions TCZ had no effect the cytokine profiles, HTLV-1 gene and protein expression, PVL, or apoptosis in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. Thus, TCZ treatment has no effect on HTLV-1 infection in vitro.
Circulating tumour DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis using digital droplet PCR
Authors: Wang Juan , Yang Liu , Diao Yanjun , Liu Jiayun , Li Jinjie , Li Rui , Zheng Lianghong , Zhang Kang , Ma Yueyun , Hao Xiaoke 
Published: March 2021

Objective To evaluate the performance of a DNA methylation-based digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay to detect aberrant DNA methylation in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and to determine its application in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The present study recruited patients with liver-related diseases and healthy control subjects. Blood samples were used for the extraction of cfDNA, which was then bisulfite converted and the extent of DNA methylation quantified using a ddPCR platform. Results A total of 97 patients with HCC, 80 healthy control subjects and 46 patients with chronic hepatitis B/C virus infection were enrolled in the study. The level of cfDNA in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group. For the detection of HCC, based on a cut-off value of 15.7% for the cfDNA methylation ratio, the sensitivity and specificity were 78.57% and 89.38%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 85.27%, the positive predictive value was 81.91% and the negative predictive value was 87.20%. The positive likelihood ratio of 15.7% in HCC diagnosis was 7.40, while the negative likelihood ratio was 0.24. Conclusions A sensitive methylation-based assay might serve as a liquid biopsy test for diagnosing HCC.
Different effects of bronchoscopic interventions on children and adults with tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: Jieli Zhang , Yunzhi Zhou , Nan Zhang , Heng Zou , Hongwu Wang , Jiankun Liu , Dongmei Li , Hui Wang , Jing Lv , Changxin Li , Mao Jiangfeng 
Published: March 2021

Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive bronchoscopic interventions for patients with tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Methods: Patients with tracheobronchial MEC were included in this retrospective study, and the clinical features, histologic grading, treatments, and cumulative survival rates were calculated. Patients were categorized into child (n = 16) and adult (n = 19) group according to their ages. Histologic grading, treatments, and survival status were compared between the two groups. Results: In pathology, high-grade MEC counts for 6.77% and 42.10% in the child and adult group, respectively. As tumor growth pattern was concerned, 93.33% and 21.05% tumors in the child and adult group present intratracheal type. Multiple bronchoscopic interventions were conducted, including rigid bronchoscopy, argon plasma coagulation (APC), dioxide carbon cryotherapy, and electric loop. Tumors could be removed by multiple bronchoscopic interventions. Bronchoscopy-associated complications were rare, including an oral mucosa injury and a glottis edema. In the child group, one patient underwent left upper lung lobectomy. In the adult group, lobectomy and/or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were conducted in seven patients. The 5-year survival rate was 100% and 68.90% in the child and the adult group, respectively. Conclusions: Almost all children have low-grade and intratracheal MEC; 2/5 adults have invasive high-grade MEC. Multiple bronchoscopic interventions are effective in erasing low-grade intratracheal MEC without severe complications. For high-grade invasive MEC, aggressive and comprehensive therapy should be considered.