bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENAFSIRAN AL-ZAMAKHSYARI TERHADAP AYAT-AYAT MUTASYABIHAT DALAM TAFSIR AL-KASYSYAF
Authors: Zulkifili  
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang penafsiran al-Zamakhsyari terhadap Ayat-Ayat mutasyabihat dengan fokus pembahasan bertolak dari permasalahan pokok, yaitu pemikiran teologis al-Zamakhsyari terhadap ayat-ayat mutasyabihat dalam tafsir al-Kasysyaf. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Ayat mutasyabih ialah ayat yang belum jelas atau samar penunjukannya. Kesamaran suatu ayat diakibatkan oleh beberapa hal, yaitu lafal, makna, dan dapat juga dari keduanya yakni lafal dan makna. (2) Al-Zamakhsyari mengakui eksistensi ayat-ayat mutasyabihat di dalam al-Qur’an. Disamping itu, al-Zamakhsyari mengakui pula kemampuan manusia memahami ayat-ayat mutasyabihat itu. (3) Al-Zamakhsyari menjelaskan makna sebagian huruf-huruf muqatta’ah dan tidak sebagiannya. Ia menjelaskan makna sebagian ayat-ayat tajassum dan tidak menjelaskan sebagiannya.
STRATEGI KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENGOPTIMALKAN KINERJA GURU
Authors: Saude  , Hairuddin Cikka  , Zaifullah  
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini berkenaan dengan strategi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam mengoptimalkan kinerja guru di SMK Negeri I Biromaru. Maka, uraiannya berdasarkan pada permasalahan bagaimana strategi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam mengoptimalkan kinerja guru di Sekolah Menegah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 1 Biromaru?, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang optimal, meningkatkan kualitas Guru SMK Negeri I Biromaru. Usaha ini dilakukan melalui empat program strategi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, yaitu: (1) pembinaan tanggung jawab guru, yang menghasilkan guru yang bertanggung jawab sebagai pengajar, sebagai pembimbing, dan guru sebagai administrator kelas, (2) program pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran, menghasilkan guru yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui penguasaan materi, ketepatan metode yang digunakan, penguasaan kelas, dan sikap. (3) program pembinaan kedisiplinan guru, yang menghasilkan guru yang disiplin dalam hal efektivitas waktu, dan (4) program pembinaan komitmen guru, yang menghasilkan keaktifan guru dalam mengajar sesuai dengan jadwal yang telah ditentukan.
Sistema de Aprendizaje Basado en la Investigación aplicado en la Unidad de Aprendizaje Salud Pública en el CICS UMA IPN
Authors: Magaña Blanca Elisa Pérez , Rodríguez Claudio Francisco Hernández , Téllez Carlos Quiroz 
Published: November 2021

Los Modelos Educativo Institucional y del CICS UMA han servido de plataforma para la formación de profesionales con capacidad de generación de conocimientos a través de la aplicación de protocolos de investigación para lograr los objetivos específicos de las Unidades de Aprendizaje, con lo que la construcción de estructuras de conocimientos profesionales se fundamenta en un proceso constructivo mediante la aplicación de habilidades cognitivas. Así, en el desarrollo de la Unidad de Aprendizaje Salud Pública se aplicó el Sistema de Aprendizaje Basado en la Investigación, SABI, para poder alcanzar los objetivos: General de la Unidad de Aprendizaje y específicos para cada Unidad temática Esta estrategia permitió que los alumnos pudiesen contar con el primer elementos de construcción de sus estructuras cognitivas en materia de Salud Pública, mediante la elaboración de lecturas críticas para el desarrollo de los contenidos, mismo que sirve de materia prima para la construcción de marco teórico conceptual del proyecto de investigación. Con el trabajo de campo el alumno compara la realidad con la teoría y obtiene nuevos conocimientos, mismo que pone a disposición de la comunidad, con lo que cumple con su función social, que exige la formación profesional en Salud Pública. Mediante distintas plataformas que ofrece la WEB, dichos conocimientos se presentaron a la comunidad a través de videos sobre promoción de la salud visual para jóvenes que estudian nivel superior en México y hacen uso de los equipos de comunicación, tales como: teléfonos inteligentes, laptop, tablet, videojuegos.
A Comparative Clinical Study of Khanda Shunthi and Prasarni Avleha in the Management of Amavata with Special Reference to Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Anu Gupta  , Kalpana Patni  
Published: November 2021

Background: Amavata is the most common form of inflammatory arthopathy seen in India. Among adult population below the age of 50 years this is the most common form of arthritis. For the present study, on Amavata as shaman therapy, Khanda Shunthi and Prasarni Avleha the Ushnaveeryadravya medicaments were chosen.
Aims & Objective: The present research work aimed at to evaluate efficacy and establish safe use of Khanda Shunthi and Prasarni Aavaleha in Amavata.
Materials & Methods: 40 subjects of Amavata fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected from OPD and IPD of Desh Bhagat Ayurvedic Hospital, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab and randomly divided into two groups, group A and B, comprising each of 20 patients. Group-A subjects received Khanda Shunthi for 60 days, Group-B subjects received Prasarni Avaleha for 60 days. Assessments were done on 0th and 60th day of treatment.
Results and Conclusions: In both the groups, highly significant results were observed in all the cardinal parameters with P value for fever and Hb are greater than 0.05 hence there is no significant difference in effect of Group A and Group B on fever and Hb. P values for all other symptoms are less than 0.05 hence we conclude that there is significant difference in effect of group A and group B on pain, swelling, stiffness, fever, ESR, walking time and grip strength. On comparison group A treatment is more effective than group B for all assessment criteria.
Pemahaman Nazhir Tentang Wakaf Produktif dan Faktor-Faktor Penentunya
Authors: Mochammad Zainun Nafi'uddin  , Ekawaty Marlina 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine Nazhir's understanding of productive waqf and its influencing factors. The subjects in this study were Nazhir in Malang City. The method used in this study is to use logistic regression analysis. The results obtained from this study indicate that 78% of Nazhir understands productive waqf. Meanwhile, the factors that significantly influence Nazhir's understanding of productive waqf include income, productive waqf training, and readiness to manage productive waqf.
Keywords: Productive Waqf, Nazhir, Understanding Productive Waqf.
Survei Wakaf Hak Kekayaan Intelektual
Authors: Habibah Syifa , Zuhdi Muhammad Lutfi , Huda Nurul 
Published: November 2021

Meluasnya harta benda yang dapat dijadikan wakaf hadir melalui lahirnya undang-undang wakaf No. 41 tahun 2004. Salah satu hal yang menarik dalam pasal 16 Undang-Undang wakaf adalah pernyertaan ketentuan yang menyatakan bahwa Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) dapat digunakan sebagai aset/harta benda wakaf. sejalan dengan Undang-unang wakaf, pada Undang-undang yang menyangkut Hak Kekayaan Intelektual juga tercantum bahwa HKI dapat dialihkan sebagai wakaf. Namun demikian wakaf dengan harta/benda berupa Hak Kekayaan Intelektual masih sangat jarang dilakukan. Riset ini bertujuan melihat pemahaman masyarakat terhadap wakaf kekayaan intelektual dengan pendekatan Survey. Hasilnya secara umum masih banyak masyarakat yang belum paham terhadap wakaf kekayaan intelektual
Kata kunci : Wakaf,Kekayaan intelektual,survey
FALSIFICATION OF CITRUS JUICES
Authors: Lilishentseva Anna Nikolaevna , Borovaya Karolina Vladimirovna 
Published: November 2021

The problem of falsification of juice products today is urgent due to the fact that this group of food products is consumed by all segments of the population. Today, at the same time as the presence of a wide range of juices in the modern market, it is quite difficult to identify them and prevent falsification. As a result, there is a need to strengthen control over the quality of juice products and to develop criteria for the authenticity of juices.
The article presents the results of the study of the quality of orange juices purchased in the retail outlets in Minsk. In order to identify and detect falsification, a comprehensive assessment of juices was carried out. The author determined the main indicators of the quality and safety of juices such as dissolved solids, titratable acidity, pH level, sugar-acid ratio. However, due to the fact that these indicators can be easily adjusted by adding organic acids, sugars and other components, a study was carried out of such indicators as the content of oxymethylfurfural and formol index, which are the most difficult to falsify. Standard and common methods were used during the experiment. The quality assessment also included an analysis of the causes of deviations
that could be found during the study. These causes may be explainable properties of raw materials or technological features of production.
Interaksi Sosial Mahasiswa Katolik dan Muslim STKIP Weetebula
Authors: Lede Yohanes Umbu 
Published: November 2021

Fenomena konflik intoleransi banyak mewarnai kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia akhir-akhir ini tidak terkecuali dalam dunia pendidikan. Perbedaan seringkali dijadikan sebagai sumber lahirnya konflik di tingkat internal maupun eksternal setiap individu yang berinteraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bentuk interaksi mahasiswa Katolik dan Muslim di kampus STKIP Weetebula. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Katolik dan mahasiswa Muslim yang sedang mengenyam pendidikan di kampus STKIP Weetebula. Validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1). Pola interaksi yang dibangun oleh mahasiswa beragama Katolik dan mahasiswa Muslim berdasarkan pola interaksi asosiatif. Artinya mahasiswa yang satu memberi dampak positif terhadap eksistensi mahasiswa lain dalam keseluruhan proses interaksi yang dibangun. (2). Interaksi yang dibangun oleh mahasiswa Katolik dan Muslim tidak menghilangkan identitas mereka. Pola interaksi yang dibangun melalui relasi yang ada justru berdampak positif dan mereka semakin mengenal identitas masing-masing secara lebih baik. (3). Dalam era digitalisasi ini mahasiswa mampu menerobos ke dalam berbagai ruang dan waktu. Ruang yang disediakan melalui media sosial mampu memberikan kontribusi besar dalam interaksi di antara mahasiswa. (4) Faktor-faktor pendukung dalam interaksi ini yakni relasi dibangun tidak didasarkan pada apriori, relasi dibangun atas dasar keterbukaan, dan faktor kedekatan budaya dan hubungan darah. (5) Faktor-faktor penghambat dalam membangun interaksi yaitu adanya keterbatasan waktu untuk membangun relasi yang berkelanjutan dari waktu ke waktu sehingga berdampak pada minimnya informasi tentang hal di luar diri mereka. Hal lain yakni tingkat pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang ilmu keagamaan dari masing-masing mahasiswa. Pengetahuan tentang simbol, hari raya, jam doa seringkali membuat mereka salah paham. Pengetahuan tentang waktu-waktu ibadah sholat bagi teman-teman beragama Muslim juga dapat mempengaruhi interaksi mereka.
Keywords: Social Interaction, Interaksi Asosiatif.
Conventional Endodontic Retreatment of Persistent Pain on Previously Treated Tooth in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Dhaniar Nina , Praja Hermawan Adi , Santoso Ratih Mahanani , Ongkowijoyo Cendranata Wibawa , Saraswati Widya 
Published: November 2021

Clinical evaluation for a successful root canal treatment is assessed by various criteria, which are clinical, histopathological, and radiographical criteria. Therefore, failure of endodontic treatment can be described as a recurrence of clinical symptoms, with the presence of a periapical radiolucency or both. Failure factors in the treatment are frequently related to persistent infection. Conventional endodontic retreatment is indicated for symptomatic previously treated teeth or asymptomatic teeth with inadequately done initial endodontic treatment to avoid potential recurrence. Endodontic retreatment in elderly patients is a great challenge because the clinician has to reassure both the physical and psychological factors of the patient to determine whether to save a tooth or perform an extraction. Some difficulties may also be found in root canal retreatment, including finding the root canal hole or root canal blockage found in parts of the root canal that have not been repaired in the previous treatment.
A 60-year-old female patient came with the chief complaint of recurrent pain, and subjective discomfort in the maxillary left central incisor. The patient had anxiety about the dental treatment. The tooth had a history of root canal treatment four months ago.
The clinical examination showed a positive response to the percussion test. The radiographical analysis showed a root canal underfilling, 2-3 mm short of length from the apex. The tooth was diagnosed as a previously treated tooth with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Endodontic retreatment was performed based on the patient’s clinical condition and consent, followed by composite restoration.
The clinical and radiographic re-evaluation after four weeks of follow-up revealed an excellent condition. This favorable result showed that a conventional retreatment plan of persistent pain on the previously treated tooth in an elderly patient led to progressive healing, and a longer follow-up was advised.
Oral Mucocele and its Surgical Approach as Treatment: Case Series
Authors: Saskianti Tania , Kartono Angela Faustina , Rifki Ayudia , Fitriani Yufita , Kurnia Pradita Agung 
Published: November 2021

A common benign lesion in children’s oral cavity is mucocele on the lower lips that originates from the accumulation of mucous due to local trauma and a lip-biting habit.
Lip-biting is often motivated by a psychological condition of anxiety. Mucoceles are painless but can be bothersome for patients when eating and speaking. Mucoceles can affect the general population but are more common among the young. The etiology of oral mucoceles may vary, and surgical treatment is best chosen for its convenience, child-friendliness, and high treatment success rate.
Awareness education for children and parents is necessary to eliminate a lip-biting habit. If the pattern persists due to anxiety, it is essential to inquire more about the etiology and consult a professional psychologist.
Spontaneous Drainage of Lower Lip Abscess by Insect Sting in the Prediabetic Male: A Case Report
Authors: Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Soebadi Bagus , Hendarti Hening Tuti , Radithia Desiana 
Published: November 2021

Most insects have a stinging apparatus at the tail end of their abdominal segment and can deliver venom. The venom can usually result in pain, erythema, abscess, or allergic reaction in human tissues such as the skin and even the lips. The presentation of lip abscess, especially in the vermilion, is rare and needs to be appropriately managed.
A 39-year-old prediabetic male presented with a swollen right lower lip stung by an insect six days before the consult. The swelling started as a vesicle which became bigger, then burst, exuding a yellowish fluid and blood. The swollen area became more significant, and pain was felt. The clinical presentation was that of a lower lip abscess. Adequate antibiotics were prescribed along with a corticosteroid and a topical antiseptic. The treatment was essential to prevent the dissemination of infection and the likelihood of tissue necrosis.
This case report is presented as a rare clinical case of a lower lip abscess due to an insect sting with spontaneous drainage after treatment in a prediabetic male. The dentist and clinician needed to identify this condition and to manage the case properly.
Cooperativismo e associativismo rural no alto sertão sergipano: os exemplos da COOPAC e UNITUBA
Authors: Santos Fábio Ferreira , Garcia Maria Franco 
Published: November 2021

A formação do campesinato no Alto Sertão Sergipano (ASS) nos remete a pensar como está organizado o campesianto e seus rebatimentos na produção do espaço agrário. Nesse âmbito, compreender o papel das cooperativas na dinâmica territorial é fundamental para defendermos a tese da reprodução camponesa via politicas públicas do PNAE. Para tal, tem-se como foco de pesquisa a análise das cooperativas e associações rurais que estão situadas no ASS e seus desdobramentos na produção de alimentos. Historicamente, o cooperativismo e seu desenvolvimento ao longo do desenvolvimento da sociedade possibilitou entender as mudanças nas relações sociais, principalmente com as revoluções industriais, nas quais os conflitos de classes tornou-se mais latente. No espaço agrário, a formação do cooperativismo e associativismo rural têm sido uma das estratégias de reprodução camponesa e de enfrentamento ao mercado consumidor capitalista. O modelo de cooperativas e associações de estimuladas pelo Movimento dos trabalhadores rurais sem-terra nos assentamentos rurais, onde a posse e organização da produção estão sob o controle da cooperativa se constitui em formas de resistências para o campesinato. Nesse viés, as cooperativas e associações de produção tem propiciado a aquisição de diversas instalações, compra de maquinários e implementos agrícolas, acumulando um considerável patrimônio para seus associados, que individualmente seria muito difícil alcançar. Assim, no ASS a cooperativa de produção agroindustrial e comercialização do Estado de Sergipe LTDA – COOPAC, e a união das associacões de cooperação agrícola do perímetro irrigado Jacaré Curituba – UNITUBA, se destacam pela organização e fortalecimento do campesinato através da reprodução camponesa via PNAE.
Sex Education as an Effort to Prevent Sexual Violence Against Children
Authors: Sumiyati Sumiyati 
Published: November 2021

Child is a mandate given by God as a surrogate. The mandate received by each parent will be asked about the responsibility someday. Parents certainly hope their children will be success in their life. Some case of sexual violence in children of course led to a deep concern for parents. How crime and sexual violence can happen to an innocent children. One of the efforts to prevent sexual violence against children is through giving sex education. Sex education provide children about how he understands sex, keep their self and limbs, and how to train children to be able to communicate effectively with parents. Hopefully, by the sex education, children can build a positive attitude and behaviour, also they have a good confidence to ask information to parents and the significant others about all of the things that they wanted to know, include something like why some organ in men and women are different. If the sex education for early childhood is successful, then the opportunity for children to enjoy the future will be more wide open, without overshadowed by the fear of child predators who will take away their future.
Keywords: sex education, sexual violence, early childhood.
Anak merupakan amanah yang diberikan oleh Allah sebagai titipan. Amanah yang diterima oleh setiap orangtua tentu saja akan dimintakan pertanggungjawabannya kelak. Orangtua tentu berharap kesuksesan dan keberkahan bagi putra putrinya. Terjadinya tindak kekerasan seksual pada anak tentu saja membuahkan keprihatinan yang mendalam bagi orangtua. Bagaimana kejahatan dan kekerasan seksual ini dapat menimpa anak usia dini yang tidak berdosa. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya kekerasan seksual pada anak ini adalah melalui sex education atau pendidikan seks untuk anak. Sex education membekali anak tentang bagaimana dia memahami jenis kelaminnya, menjaga diri dan anggota badannya, serta bagaimana melatih anak untuk dapat berkomunikasi yang efektif dengan orangtua. Diharapkan dengan adanya sex education ini anak mampu untuk selalu bersikap positif dan memiliki kepercayaan diri yang tinggi untuk bertanya dan mencari informasi kepada orangtua dan orang terdekat tentang segala hal yang ingin diketahuinya, termasuk tentang organ tubuh, kenapa laki-laki berbeda dengan perempuan. Apabila pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini ini berhasil, maka kesempatan atau peluang anak untuk menikmati masa depannya akan semakin terbuka lebar, tanpa dibayang-bayangi oleh ketakutan akan adanya predator anak yang akan merenggut masa depan mereka.
Kata kunci: sex education, kekerasan seksual, anak usia dini.
The Doctrin to Educate Children without Violence in Islam
Authors: Muafiah Evi 
Published: November 2021

Islam was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad as rahmatan li al-'alamin of which teaches us to always love and cherish all of God's creatures, both animate and inanimate creatures. Children is Godâ€™s mandate that accompanies the affection between mother and father, so they can ensure to give their children a nurturing full with love and positive affection. The atmosphere of nurturing is certainly not to be interfered with both verbal and physical violence, because these two things are very contradictory. Islam teaches us how to educate children without violence. Violence should only be done as a last resort and that too done to foster not hurt. Prophet Muhammad SAW is a role model how to educate children properly. Even when he is praying, he patiently allowing the children to ride his back when he was on prostration.
Keywords: children in the perspective of the holy Koran, the characteristics and needs of children, child learning methods.
Islam diturunkan kepada Rasulullah Muhammad Saw sebagai rahmatan li al-â€˜alamin, yang di antaranya mengajarkan kita untuk selalu saling mengasihi dan menyayangi sesama makhluk Allah, baik yang hidup maupun benda mati. Anak adalah amanah Allah yang hadir menyertai kasih sayang antara ibu dan bapaknya, maka sudah sewajarnya jika kemudian orang tua mengasuhnya dalam suasan penuh kasih dan sayang. Suasana tersebut tentunya jangan sampai dicampuri dengan kekerasan baik verbal maupun fisik, karena kedua hal tersebut sangat bertentangan. Islam mengajarkan kepada kita bagaimana mendidik anak tanpa kekerasan. Kekerasan hanya boleh dilakukan sebagai alternatif terakhir dan itupun dilakukan untuk membina bukan menyakiti. Rasulullah Saw merupakan contoh bagaimana mendidik anak dengan baik. Bahkan saat shalat pun beliau dengan sabar mengasuh anak-anak dengan membiarkan punggungnya dinaiki anak-anak saat beliau sujud.
Kata kunci: anak dalam perspektif al-Qurâ€™an, karakteristik dan kebutuhan anak, metode pembelajaran anak
Prevention of Violence and Sexual Abuse in Early Childhood Through Implementation of Sex Education in the Perspective of the Sunnah
Authors: Camelia Lely , Nirmala Ine 
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the conceptual studies on the implementation of early childhood sex education according to Islamic perspective. The number of cases of violence and sexual abuse against children has recently made various parties, no exception for parents, that must be alert to the threat. The big point of that is in 2015 when Indonesian Child Protection Commission said that cases of violence and abuse against children is a latent danger for the children of Indonesia. Several attempts have been made, some like starting to give a sex education early for parents and children, limiting the viewing access to pornography, limiting the contents of pornography on the internet and games, and stopping the attempts of the perpetrators in violence and sexual abuse against children by give them the weightest punishments. Rasullullah SAW as good role model has provided some guidance for us on how to educate children in detail, not only about early sex education, but also how to educate them since they are in the loins of their father. With reference to the sunnah that has showed by our Prophet to us, we as teachers and parents can apply it in everyday life, that will have a positive impact on children and the environment in the prevention of violence and sexual abuse against children.
Keywords: sex education, children, islamic perspective, Prophetâ€™s sunnah perspective