bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and modeling studies on enhancing the thermodynamic hydrate inhibition performance of monoethylene glycol via synergistic green material
Authors: Bharathi Arul , Nashed Omar , Lal Bhajan , Foo Khor Siak 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental and modeling studies on the thermodynamic inhibition effects of the mixture of monoethlyene glycol (MEG) and glycine (Gly) on the carbon dioxide hydrate phase boundary condition. The monoethlyene glycol and glycine (1:1) mixture inhibition effects were investigated at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15 wt.% and pressure ranges from 2.0–4.0 MPa. The effects of the proposed mixture on the carbon dioxide hydrate phase boundary were evaluated by measuring the dissociation temperature of carbon dioxide hydrate using a T-cycle method. The synergistic effect was evaluated based on comparison with pure MEG and Gly data. The results show that 15 wt.% of MEG and Gly mixture displays the highest inhibition effect compared to the 5 and 10 wt.% mixtures, respectively. However, the synergistic effect is higher at 10 wt.%. Dickens' model was also adopted to predict the phase equilibrium data of CO2 hydrates in the presence of the mixture. The modified model successfully predicted the data within a maximum error of ± 0.52 K.
Gene expression in circulating tumor cells reveals a dynamic role of EMT and PD-L1 during osimertinib treatment in NSCLC patients
Authors: Ntzifa Aliki , Strati Areti , Kallergi Galatea , Kotsakis Athanasios , Georgoulias Vassilis , Lianidou Evi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLiquid biopsy is a tool to unveil resistance mechanisms in NSCLC. We studied changes in gene expression in CTC-enriched fractions of EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients under osimertinib. Peripheral blood from 30 NSCLC patients before, after 1 cycle of osimertinib and at progression of disease (PD) was analyzed by size-based CTC enrichment combined with RT-qPCR for gene expression of epithelial (CK-8, CK-18, CK-19), mesenchymal/EMT (VIM, TWIST-1, AXL), stem cell (ALDH-1) markers, PD-L1 and PIM-1. CTCs were also analyzed by triple immunofluorescence for 45 identical blood samples. Epithelial and stem cell profile (p = 0.043) and mesenchymal/EMT and stem cell profile (p = 0.014) at PD were correlated. There was a strong positive correlation of VIM expression with PIM-1 expression at baseline and increased PD-L1 expression levels at PD. AXL overexpression varied among patients and high levels of PIM-1 transcripts were detected. PD-L1 expression was significantly increased at PD compared to baseline (p = 0.016). The high prevalence of VIM positive CTCs suggest a dynamic role of EMT during osimertinib treatment, while increased expression of PD-L1 at PD suggests a theoretical background for immunotherapy in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients that develop resistance to osimertinib. This observation merits to be further evaluated in a prospective immunotherapy trial.
The association of actigraphic sleep measures and physical activity with excess weight and adiposity in kindergarteners
Authors: Wyszyńska Justyna , Matłosz Piotr , Szybisty Agnieszka , Dereń Katarzyna , Mazur Artur , Herbert Jarosław 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInsufficient sleep duration and physical activity (PA) are known risk factors for overweight and obesity in children; however, there are no studies on comprehensive associations of objectively-measured sleep parameters and PA with excess weight and excess adiposity in kindergarteners. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the associations between objectively measured sleep parameters and PA with excess weight and excess adiposity, defined as BMI ≥ 85th percentile and body fat percentage (BFP) ≥ 85th percentile, respectively. Sleep parameters and PA were measured in 676 subjects aged 5–6 years using accelerometers for 7 days, worn at the participant’s hip. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate BFP. In the total sample, lower sleep duration, sleep efficiency, vigorous PA and the number of steps per day were associated with excess weight. However, excess adiposity was associated with lower sleep duration, total PA, vigorous PA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the number of steps per day. Logistic regression by the stepwise progressive method showed that the strongest predictor of excess adiposity in boys and girls was vigorous PA, while the strongest predictor of excess weight in boys was sleep efficiency. A holistic approach to health targeting all of these factors synergistically is needed to optimize the effectiveness of obesity prevention and treatment interventions.
Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
Authors: Winnicki Konrad , Łudzik Katarzyna , Żabka Aneta , Polit Justyna Teresa , Zawisza Anna , Maszewski Janusz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA rapid amplification of algal population has a negative impact on the environment and the global economy. Thus, control of algal proliferation is an important issue and effective procedures which reduce algal blooms and control algal fouling are highly desired. Gemini surfactants are considered to have a low environmental impact, therefore they seem to be a promising group of detergents which could reduce algal blooms in water systems. Furthermore, due to their emulsifying properties they could replace algaecides added to antifouling paints and decrease algae adhesion to various surfaces. In this study the toxic effect of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant was investigated on Chlorella cells and close attention was paid to a potential mechanism of its action. At the high cell density (10.05 × 107 cells/mL) a dose-dependent cell death was found and the IC50 value was reached at the concentration of 19.6 µmol/L after 72-h exposure to the surfactant. The decrease in chlorophyll autofluorescence shows that the photosynthetic apparatus seems to be the target of the tested compound. The presented studies indicate that gemini surfactants could effectively reduce algal blooms in water systems, and if added to paints, they could decrease algal growth on external building walls or other water immersed surfaces.
Transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization study prioritising novel tissue-dependent genes for glioma susceptibility
Authors: Robinson Jamie W. , Martin Richard M. , Tsavachidis Spiridon , Howell Amy E. , Relton Caroline L. , Armstrong Georgina N. , Bondy Melissa , Zheng Jie , Kurian Kathreena M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered 27 loci associated with glioma risk. Whether these loci are causally implicated in glioma risk, and how risk differs across tissues, has yet to be systematically explored. We integrated multi-tissue expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and glioma GWAS data using a combined Mendelian randomisation (MR) and colocalisation approach. We investigated how genetically predicted gene expression affects risk across tissue type (brain, estimated effective n = 1194 and whole blood, n = 31,684) and glioma subtype (all glioma (7400 cases, 8257 controls) glioblastoma (GBM, 3112 cases) and non-GBM gliomas (2411 cases)). We also leveraged tissue-specific eQTLs collected from 13 brain tissues (n = 114 to 209). The MR and colocalisation results suggested that genetically predicted increased gene expression of 12 genes were associated with glioma, GBM and/or non-GBM risk, three of which are novel glioma susceptibility genes (RETREG2/FAM134A, FAM178B and MVB12B/FAM125B). The effect of gene expression appears to be relatively consistent across glioma subtype diagnoses. Examining how risk differed across 13 brain tissues highlighted five candidate tissues (cerebellum, cortex, and the putamen, nucleus accumbens and caudate basal ganglia) and four previously implicated genes (JAK1, STMN3, PICK1 and EGFR). These analyses identified robust causal evidence for 12 genes and glioma risk, three of which are novel. The correlation of MR estimates in brain and blood are consistently low which suggested that tissue specificity needs to be carefully considered for glioma. Our results have implicated genes yet to be associated with glioma susceptibility and provided insight into putatively causal pathways for glioma risk.
Predictors of negative first SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR despite final diagnosis of COVID-19 and association with outcome
Authors: Lascarrou Jean-Baptiste , Colin Gwenhael , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Serck Nicolas , Ohana Mickael , Sauneuf Bertrand , Geri Guillaume , Mesland Jean-Baptiste , Ribeyre Gaetane , Hussenet Claire , Boureau Anne Sophie , Gille Thomas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing is an important tool for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, performance concerns have emerged recently, notably regarding sensitivity. We hypothesized that the clinical, biological, and radiological characteristics of patients with a false-negative first RT-PCR test and a final diagnosis of COVID-19 might differ from those of patients with a positive first RT-PCR test. We conducted a multicenter matched case–control study in COVID-19 patients. Patients with a negative first RT-PCR test were matched to patients with a positive first RT-PCR test on age, sex, and initial admission unit (ward or intensive care). We included 80 cases and 80 controls between March 30, and June 22, 2020. Neither mortality at hospital discharge nor hospital stay length differed between the two groups (P = 0.80 and P = 0.54, respectively). By multivariate analysis, two factors were independently associated with a lower risk of a first false-negative test, namely, headache (adjusted OR [aOR], 0.07; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.01–0.49]; P = 0.007) and fatigue/malaise (aOR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03–0.81; P = 0.027); two other factors were independently associated with a higher risk of a first false-negative test, namely, platelets > 207·103 mm−3 (aOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.10–13.16]; P = 0.034) and C-reactive protein > 79.8 mg·L−1 (aOR, 4.00; 95% CI, 1.21–13.19; P = 0.023). Patients with suspected COVID-19 whose laboratory tests indicating marked inflammation were at higher risk of a first false-negative RT-PCR test. Strategies involving serial RT-PCR testing must be rigorously evaluated.
Predicted the P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism is associated with cancer risk: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Bi-jun , Chen Jun-yi , Guan Yu , Liu Da-chao , Cao Zi-chuan , Kong Jin , Wu Zheng-Sheng , Wu Wen-Yong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Both meta-analyses and systematic reviews were used to assess the relationship between purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7) rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer.
Materials and methods: The data used in this research were collected from Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang Data databases. The final retrieval ended on 22 February 2019. The strength of correlation was assessed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Based on the heterogeneity test results, fixed-effect (Mantel–Haenszel) or random-effects (DerSimonian–Laird) models were selected to summarise the collective effects.
Results: Eight separate studies containing 1462 cancer cases and 3037 controls were enrolled. Overall, there was no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, or recessive models.
Conclusions: Our meta-analysis indicates that there is no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive models.
Predictions of Miscommunication in Verbal Communication During Collaborative Joint Action
Authors: Paxton Alexandra , Roche Jennifer M. , Ibarra Alyssa , Tanenhaus Michael K. 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the current study was to examine the lexical and pragmatic factors that may contribute to turn-by-turn failures in communication (i.e., miscommunication) that arise regularly in interactive communication.MethodUsing a corpus from a collaborative dyadic building task, we investigated what differentiated successful from unsuccessful communication and potential factors associated with the choice to provide greater lexical information to a conversation partner.ResultsWe found that more successful dyads' language tended to be associated with greater lexical density, lower ambiguity, and fewer questions. We also found participants were more lexically dense when accepting and integrating a partner's information (i.e., grounding) but were less lexically dense when responding to a question. Finally, an exploratory analysis suggested that dyads tended to spend more lexical effort when responding to an inquiry and used assent language accurately—that is, only when communication was successful.ConclusionTogether, the results suggest that miscommunication both emerges and benefits from ambiguous and lexically dense utterances.
Failure of submarine cables used in high‐voltage power transmission: Characteristics, mechanisms, key issues and prospects
Authors: Wang Weiwang , Yan Xilin , Li Shengtao , Zhang Lina , Ouyang Jun , Ni Xianfeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study reviews the failure of high‐voltage submarine cables used in offshore power transmission and provides highlights of their failure characteristic, mechanisms, key issues and prospects. High‐voltage submarine cables are designed and applied according to the high‐voltage alternating current and high‐voltage direct current requirements. Inevitably, the fault occurs in HV submarine cables that is different from that of an underground cable. External aggression remains the primary cause of faults, such as fishing and anchors. Most faults continue to occur at a shallow depth (300 m). The optical fiber inside the submarine cables plays a substantial role in the temperature and stress‐strain monitoring and diagnosis. However, it is regarded as a weak point for electrical fault. Insulation breakdown is the leading reason for the short fault. The failure mechanism is complicated when associated with marine conditions. Some defects of insulation and extensive voids, water treeing, mechanical stress, partial discharges, overheating, and electrochemical erosion contribute to the insulation breakdown. Several key issues, including anchoring damage, treeing, defects, and thermal‐electric ageing, are proposed. Prospects and new methods related to the cable failure, especially for insulation ageing by treeing and electrothermal effects, are also discussed.
Protection issues in the presence of power electronic converters in smart LV residential networks
Authors: Amiri Arash , Cross Andrew M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe use of a power electronic converter to step‐down the voltage at the point of connection to individual residential houses is being considered in the UK. This is so that the voltage on the existing low voltage cables can be boosted, which would result in an increase in capacity without the need for costly reinforcement. This capacity increase is needed to accommodate an anticipated take‐up of new, low‐carbon technologies such as electric vehicles and electro‐heat. The inclusion of a power converter and communications device also offers the opportunity for smart‐grid functions such as managing local demand through voltage control. This study considers the design of this converter within the context of wiring regulations and standards that currently apply to a residential property. In particular, it is found that the rating of the converter is determined by the need to co‐ordinate with the existing circuit breaker protection within the house. A protection strategy is therefore proposed for the converter, which is evaluated using a statistical simulation study.
Economic Power Comparison between United States and China in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic: Based on Statistical Methods
Authors: Yang Yutong 
Published: January 2021

Generally speaking, economic crises are caused by insufficient demand, while the economic crisis that may be caused by the Covid-19 epidemic started with insufficient supply. In the case of insufficient demand, countries often use a series of monetary policies to release liquidity, such as interest rate cuts, RRR cuts. However, the interest rate cut this time may not work well. This is because the interest rate cut can increase the liquidity of the market.While controlling the epidemic, we should promptly resume work and production, and produce a variety of commodities that meet consumer demand. During this period of time, the main strategy is not monetary policy. Instead, appropriate fiscal policies should be used to reduce the burden on enterprises so that they can survive this difficult time without dying before they start their careers. Only companies that can survive the epidemic are good companies that have combat effectiveness and can continue to conquer the market after the epidemic is over.Therefore, in the face of the Covid-19 epidemic, the competition between China and the United States should not be a zero-sum game because the United States is the final consumer of a large number of products produced by China, and the United States is still the world’s leader. If the US economy declines, it will definitely affect global economic development. When necessary, we also need to support the production of high-end consumer products in the United States and allocate a portion of the production capacity for them. Only when the two sides have healthy competition can the industrial chain of both sides be upgraded together.
Toward effective government communication strategies in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Hyland-Wood Bernadette , Gardner John , Leask Julie , Ecker Ullrich K. H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSeveral countries have successfully reduced their COVID-19 infection rate early, while others have been overwhelmed. The reasons for the differences are complex, but response efficacy has in part depended on the speed and scale of governmental intervention and how communities have received, perceived, and acted on the information provided by governments and other agencies. While there is no ‘one size fits all’ communications strategy to deliver information during a prolonged crisis, in this article, we draw on key findings from scholarship in multiple social science disciplines to highlight some fundamental characteristics of effective governmental crisis communication. We then present ten recommendations for effective communication strategies to engender maximum support and participation. We argue that an effective communication strategy is a two-way process that involves clear messages, delivered via appropriate platforms, tailored for diverse audiences, and shared by trusted people. Ultimately, the long-term success depends on developing and maintaining public trust. We outline how government policymakers can engender widespread public support and participation through increased and ongoing community engagement. We argue that a diversity of community groups must be included in engagement activities. We also highlight the implications of emerging digital technologies in communication and engagement activities.
High-frequency magnetotransport in La1-xSrxMnO3 (x = 0.12-0.20)
Authors: Chaudhuri U. , Mahendiran R. 
Published: January 2021

We report the magnetization, magnetic field dependence of direct current magnetoresistance (dc MR) and alternating current magnetoresistance (ac MR) in La1-xSrxMnO3 (x = 0.12, 0.18, and 0.20) in the frequency range f= 30 MHz to 3000 MHz, at room temperature. The ac MR is negative in all three compositions and shows a dramatic increase in magnitude compared to the dc MR when f = 30 MHz and in a magnetic field H = ±3 kOe. With increasing frequency of current, the sign of ac MR at 3 kOe progressively changes from negative to positive in all these samples which is initiated by appearance of two peaks at H = ±Hr. Line shape analysis of the data indicate that Hr increases linearly with f in x = 0.12 and 0.18. We attribute the two peak behavior at high frequencies to electron paramagnetic resonance in x = 0.12 and 0.18 samples. From the analysis, we obtain the gyromagnetic ratio γ/2π = 2.428 MHz/Oe and 2.690 MHz/Oe for x = 0.18 and 0.12 respectively. The smaller value of γ/2π in x = 0.18 possibly reflects short-range correlations among Mn-spins in the paramagnetic state.
Reduction of magnetic noise limits of orthogonal fluxgate sensor
Authors: Dressler Michal , Janosek Michal , Butta Mattia 
Published: January 2021

We have further lowered the white noise of an orthogonal fluxgate to about 0.3 pT/√Hz @ 8 Hz. So far, this is the lowest noise reported for a fluxgate magnetometer. The noise reduction was achieved by introducing a JFET input stage, embedded directly to the sensor head, allowing for high common-mode rejection and negligible loading of the resonant circuit. The origin of the noise was investigated by correlation measurements and we concluded that, at least in the white noise region, we observe the magnetic noise of the sensor, with about 0.1 pT/√Hz white noise contribution by the electronics. We were finally able to obtain sensor noise floor below 1 pT/√Hz @ 1 Hz also in a feedback-compensated closed-loop. Closed-loop operation allows for higher magnetometer stability and operation in Earth’s magnetic field without deteriorating its noise performance.
Quasi binormal Schrodinger evolution of wave polarizatıon field of light wıth repulsive type
Authors: Korpinar Talat , Demirkol Rıdvan Cem , Khalil Eied M , Korpinar Zeliha , Baleanu Dumitru , Inc Mustafa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the evolution of the wave polarization vector in the tangent direction of the curved path. This path is assumed to be the trajectory of the propagated light beam. The polarization state of the wave is described by the unit complex transverse field component by eliminating the longitudinal field component. We obtain new relationship between the geometric phase and the parallel transportation law of the wave polarization vector of the evolving light beam in the tangent direction of the curved path. Moreover, we present a new geometric interpretation of the quasi binormal evolution of the wave polarization vector via the nonlinear Schrodinger equation of repulsive type in the tangent direction. Finally, we find a space-time nonlocal NLS reduction for equation system.
Perturbation, symmetry analysis, Bäcklund and reciprocal transformation for the extended Boussinesq equation in fluid mechanics
Authors: Wang Gangwei , Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this work, we study a generalized double dispersion Boussinesq equation that plays a significant role in fluid mechanics, scientific fields, and ocean engineering. This equation will be reduced to the Korteweg–de Vries equation via using the perturbation analysis. We derive the corresponding vectors, symmetry reduction and explicit solutions for this equation. We readily obtain Bäcklund transformation associated with truncated Painlevé expansion. We also examine the related conservation laws of this equation via using the multiplier method. Moreover, we investigate the reciprocal Bäcklund transformations of the derived conservation laws for the first time.