bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxic preconditioning induces epigenetic changes and modifies swine mesenchymal stem cell angiogenesis and senescence in experimental atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Authors: Isik Busra , Thaler Roman , Goksu Busra B. , Conley Sabena M. , Al-Khafaji Hayder , Mohan Arjunmohan , Afarideh Mohsen , Abumoawad Abdelrhman M. , Zhu Xiang Y. , Krier James D. , Saadiq Ishran M. , Tang Hui , Eirin Alfonso , Hickson LaTonya J. , van Wijnen Andre J. , Textor Stephen C. , Lerman Lilach O. , Herrmann Sandra M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is a risk factor for ischemic and hypertensive kidney disease (HKD) for which autologous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) appears to be a promising therapy. However, MSCs from ARAS patients exhibit impaired function, senescence, and DNA damage, possibly due to epigenetic mechanisms. Hypoxia preconditioning (HPC) exerts beneficial effects on cellular proliferation, differentiation, and gene and protein expression. We hypothesized that HPC could influence MSC function and senescence in ARAS by epigenetic mechanisms and modulating gene expression of chromatin-modifying enzymes.

Methods
Adipose-derived MSC harvested from healthy control (N = 8) and ARAS (N = 8) pigs were cultured under normoxia (20%O2) or hypoxia (1%O2) conditions. MSC function was assessed by migration, proliferation, and cytokine release in conditioned media. MSC senescence was evaluated by SA-β-gal activity. Specific pro-angiogenic and senescence genes were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Dot blotting was used to measure global genome 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels on DNA and Western blotting of modified histone 3 (H3) proteins to quantify tri-methylated lysine-4 (H3K4me3), lysine-9 (H3K9me3), and lysine-27 (H3K27me3) residues.

Results
Specific pro-angiogenic genes in ARAS assessed by RT-PCR were lower at baseline but increased under HPC, while pro-senescence genes were higher in ARAS at baseline as compared healthy MSCs. ARAS MSCs under basal conditions, displayed higher H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and 5hmC levels compared to healthy MSCs. During HPC, global 5hmC levels were decreased while no appreciable changes occurred in histone H3 tri-methylation. ARAS MSCs cultured under HPC had higher migratory and proliferative capacity as well as increased vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor expression compared to normoxia, and SA-β-gal activity decreased in both animal groups.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that swine ARAS MSCs have decreased angiogenesis and increased senescence compared to healthy MSCs and that HPC mitigates MSC dysfunction, senescence, and DNA hydroxymethylation in ARAS MSC. Thus, HPC for MSCs may be considered for their optimization to improve autologous cell therapy in patients with nephropathies.
Application of an artificial neural network optimization model in e-commerce platform based on tourism management
Authors: Wei Cao , Wang Qinan , Liu Chengying 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe advantages of e-commerce and information technology play an extremely important role in enhancing the competitiveness of the tourism industry and adapting to the needs of global economic integration. The development of e-commerce has played a huge role in all walks of life. For the tourism industry, the role of e-commerce is even more important. This article analyzes the influence of e-commerce on tourism production factors, such as optimizing tourism production factors, optimizing industrial structure, improving the competitiveness of tourism enterprises and playing the leading role of the government. This article attempts to find out the fundamental reason why e-commerce can enhance the competitiveness of China’s tourism industry, so as to find a better way for e-commerce to promote the development of China’s tourism industry. In order to accurately predict the scale and quantity of domestic tourism, an optimized neural network model is proposed to analyze and predict tourism data, and then analyze and research the data. Tourism development factors such as tourism development factors, changes in tourism demand and the optimization of industrial structure have effectively promoted the development of China’s tourism industry.
A regression-based Monte Carlo method to solve two-dimensional forward backward stochastic differential equations
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Wu Yi , Zhu Quanxin , Hu Songbo , Qin Chuan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the numerical solutions to two-dimensional forward backward stochastic differential equations(FBSDEs). Based on the Fourier cos-cos transform, the approximations of conditional expectations and their errors are studied with conditional characteristic functions. A new numerical scheme is proposed by using the least-squares regression-based Monte Carlo method to solve the initial value of FBSDEs. Finally, a numerical experiment in European option pricing is implemented to test the efficiency and stability of this scheme.
First record of two sublittoral amphipods from Hawai‘i
Authors: Longenecker Ken 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe first record of two genera of sublittoral amphipods, Autonoe Bruzelius, 1859 and Perioculodes G.O. Sars, 1892, is provided for Hawai‘i. The specimens most closely match Autonoe seurati (Chevreux 1907) and Perioculodes aequimanus (Kossmann, 1880). They were collected from an autonomous reef monitoring structure deployed in Honolulu Harbor, O‘ahu. Both species are likely recent introductions.
Reliability and validity of Arabic version of the brief international cognitive assessment for multiple sclerosis: Egyptian dialect
Authors: Farghaly Marwa , Langdon Dawn W. , Shalaby Nevin M. , Shehata Hatem S. , Abokrysha Noha T. , Hassan Amr , Hegazy Mohamed I. , Elmazny Alaa , Ahmed Sandra , Shaheen Shaimaa , Othman Alshaimaa S. , Yacoub Osama , Kishk Nirmeen A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Given the diversity of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms including cognitive impairment in certain domains, the need to develop a rapid and at the same time thorough tool for cognitive assessment is mandatory and represents an unmet need in the clinical and research fields of MS. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) is a good and practical tool to achieve this mission but is not present in the Arabic language for Arabic speaking countries yet.

Objectives
To assess the reliability and validity of Arabic version of the BICAMS (Egyptian dialect).

Methods
Ninety Egyptian MS patients and 85 matched healthy controls underwent neuropsychological testing using the BICAMS Arabic version (Egyptian dialect) battery including the Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test 2nd edition (CVLT-II), and revised Brief Visuospatial Retention Test- (BVRT-R). Test–retest data were obtained from MS patients 2 weeks after the initial assessment. Mean differences between both groups were assessed controlling for age, gender, and educational level.

Results
The MS patients scored significantly lower on the SDMT, CVLT-II, and BVMT-R tests compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). For MS patients’ group, intra-observer (test–retest) reliability was satisfactory for SDMT, CVLT-II total, and BVRT-R total with r values of 0.85, 0.61, and 0.68, respectively.

Conclusion
BICAMS Arabic version is a reliable and valid tool for cognitive assessment of Arabic speaking MS patients in different clinical and research settings.
Anterior cruciate ligament femoral-tunnel drilling through an anteromedial portal: 3-dimensional plane drilling angle affects tunnel length relative to notchplasty
Authors: Moon Dong-Kyu , Jo Ho-Seung , Lee Dong-Yeong , Kang Dong-Geun , Won Hee-Chan , Seo Min-Seok , Hwang Sun-Chul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Notchplasty is a surgical technique often performed during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with widening of the intercondylar notch of the lateral distal femur to avoid graft impingement. The purpose of this study was to correlate femoral-tunnel length with 3-dimensional (3D) drilling angle through the anteromedial (AM) portal with and without notchplasty.

Materials and methods
Computer data were collected from an anatomical study using 16 cadaveric knees. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) femoral insertion was dissected and outlined for gross anatomical observation. The dissected cadaveric knees were scanned by computed tomography (CT). Three-dimensional measurements were calculated using software (Geomagic, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA) and included the center of the ACL footprint and the size of the ACL femoral footprint. The femoral-tunnel aperture centers were measured in the anatomical posterior-to-anterior and proximal-to-distal directions using Bernard’s quadrant method. The ACL tunnel was created 3-demensionally in the anatomical center of femoral foot print of ACL using software (SolidWorks®, Corp., Waltham, MA, USA). The 8-mm cylinder shaped ACL tunnel was rested upon the anatomical center of the ACL footprint and placed in three different positions: the coronal plane, the sagittal plane, and the axial plane. Finally, the effect of notchplasty on the femoral-tunnel length and center of the ACL footprint were measured. All the above-mentioned studies performed ACLR using the AM portal.

Results
The length of the femoral tunnels produced using the low coronal and high axial angles with 5-mm notchplasty became significantly shorter as the femoral starting position became more horizontal. The result was 30.38 ± 2.11 mm on average at 20° in the coronal plane/70° in the axial plane/45° in the sagittal plane and 31.26 ± 2.08 mm at 30° in the coronal plane/60° in the axial plane/45° in the sagittal plane, respectively, comparing the standard technique of 45° in the coronal/45° in the axial/45° in the sagittal plane of 32.98 ± 3.04 mm (P < 0.001). The tunnels made using the high coronal and low axial angles with notchplasty became longer than those made using the standard technique: 40.31 ± 3.36 mm at 60° in the coronal plane/30° in the axial plane/45° in the sagittal plane and 50.46 ± 3.13 mm at 75° in the coronal plane/15° in the axial plane/45° in the sagittal plane (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results show that excessive notchplasty causes the femoral tunnel to be located in the non-anatomical center of the ACL footprint and reduces the femoral-tunnel length. Therefore, care should be taken to avoid excessive notchplasty when performing this operation.
Newspaper Censorship in China: Evidence from Tunneling Scandals
Authors: Hope Ole-Kristian , Li Yi , Liu Qiliang , Wu Han 
Published: April 2021

Media dissemination plays an important role in facilitating price discovery. Political pressure that restricts media dissemination can hinder this function and affect investors’ perceptions. This paper studies the magnitude of newspaper censorship in China and its economic consequences using a setting of tunneling scandals. We find significant evidence of censorship of tunneling-related negative news at the national and local levels. We further show that news that survives censorship reduces information asymmetry and improves pricing efficiency. Censorship blocks informative tunneling news and delays incorporation of tunneling reporting into prices. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
El emprendimiento social: (de)construyendo el discurso del alumnado de prácticum de Trabajo Social
Authors: Minguela Recover Mª Ángeles , Munuera Gómez Pilar 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. En la historia del Trabajo Social se encuentran numerosas experiencias exitosas que suscriben la capacidad emprendedora de la profesión. Las características y la definición de emprendimiento social guardan cierta complementariedad con los aspectos definitorios del Trabajo Social: promueve el cambio, el desarrollo social, la cohesión social y el empoderamiento de las personas. El objetivo del trabajo fue construir y analizar el discurso del alumnado sobre el emprendimiento social en Trabajo Social, y su relación con la empatía y la creatividad. MÉTODO. Se aplicó una metodología mixta para el análisis y la construcción del discurso de una muestra representativa del alumnado de Prácticum de cuarto curso del grado de Trabajo Social del curso 2017/2018. Los cuatro grupos de discusión trabajaron ocho preguntas semiestructuradas relacionadas con el alcance de ser emprendedor/a social en Trabajo Social y las habilidades profesionales vinculadas al emprendimiento social. Utilizándose el software Nvivo11© como complemento al análisis de discurso. RESULTADOS. El alumnado construye su discurso sobre el convencimiento de la relación del emprendimiento social con el Trabajo Social y, cómo la empatía y lacreatividad, refuerzan la puesta en marcha de las iniciativas sobre emprendiendo social. Sin embargo,perciben que el emprendimiento social en Trabajo Social es bueno y necesario, pero es arriesgado debido a las dificultades en el acceso a los recursos disponibles. Manifiestan la necesidad de formación específica en materia de emprendimiento social durante sus estudios de grado. DISCUSIÓN. El discurso ambivalente del alumnado sobre el emprendimiento social en Trabajo Social es una triple oportunidad en la asignatura de Prácticum para: avanzar y consolidar al emprendimiento social como una salida de ejercicio libre de la profesión, rentabilizar la formación recibida y devolver a la sociedad lo aprendido durante sus estudios superiores.
Estudio de la eficacia escolar en centros educativos de primaria mediante el uso de Modelos Jerárquicos Lineales
Authors: López-González Emelina , Navarro-Asencio Enrique , García-San Pedro María José , Lizasoain Luis , Tourón Javier 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. Se presenta un estudio censal sobre la eficacia escolar en los centros educativos de primaria de la comunidad autónoma de La Rioja, un análisis secundario de una evaluación diagnóstica (ED) previa en esa comunidad. Se valoró el impacto de variables contextuales en los rendimientos de las asignaturas evaluadas no usando las puntuaciones medias brutas obtenidas en la ED, sino las puntuaciones medias ajustadas una vez controlado el efecto de variables contextuales. MÉTODO. El control se realizó por modelización estadística multinivel con modelos jerárquicos lineales en dos niveles: estudiantes y centros. Los residuos de los modelos se usaron como criterio de eficacia escolar. RESULTADOS. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo por niveles de las variables contextuales y de los rendimientos, además de un análisis detallado de los modelos jerárquicos por asignaturas. A partir de los residuos de los modelos se logró una ordenación de los centros según su eficacia. DISCUSIÓN. Los modelos jerárquicos lineales resultaron ser una herramienta adecuada para conocer el impacto de las variables contextuales en el aprendizaje escolar, más allá del rendimiento de los centros aportado previamente en la ED. Los modelos posibilitaron conocer los centros escolares con los mejores y peores resultados de eficacia controlado el efecto del contexto. La estrategia jerárquica detectó que en la relación de centros se encuentran escuelas de ambas redes y de muy diverso nivel socioeconómico, así como que en centros en los que en una asignatura obtienen un residuo muy alto (o muy bajo) no les ocurre lo mismo en otras asignaturas, informaciones imposibles de lograr con herramientas de análisis más convencionales.
Implicación en los deberes escolares y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Rodríguez Susana , Regueiro Bibiana , Falcón Jesús , Rodríguez-Llorente Carolina , Vieites Tania , Piñeiro Isabel 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. Los deberes escolares han demostrado tener un impacto significativo en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes desde los últimos cursos de educación primaria hasta el final de la educación obligatoria. Aunque la implicación de los alumnos con los deberes —cantidad, tiempo dedicado y aprovechamiento del tiempo— y su motivación hacia los mismos —motivación intrínseca, percepción de utilidad— determinarían la calidad de sus resultados de aprendizaje, ambos factores parecen empeorar a medida que estos avanzan de curso. No obstante, en el análisis de esta tendencia no se ha tenido en cuenta la etapa de educación posobligatoria, en la que las buenas calificaciones son imprescindibles para el acceso a la universidad. Por tanto, esta investigación tiene por objeto comprobar cómo varía el rendimiento académico en función de la implicación y la motivación de los estudiantes de bachillerato hacia los deberes. MÉTODO. Se aplicó la Encuesta sobre los Deberes Escolares (EDE) a un total de 328 estudiantes de los doscursos de bachillerato para conocer su grado de implicación y motivación hacia los deberes y se midió su rendimiento en tres materias. RESULTADOS. Los datos muestran que los estudiantes con una mayor implicación en los deberes escolares tendrían, en general, un alto rendimiento en bachillerato. Hacer las tareas que se prescriben para casa, aprovechar el tiempo que se les dedica y mantenerse intrínsecamente motivado al abordar los deberes serían condiciones que nos permiten diferenciar entre alumnos con alto y bajo rendimiento. DISCUSIÓN. El binomio deberesrendimiento mantiene una relación positiva en la etapa de bachillerato, con lo que prescribir deberes podría seguir repercutiendo en el rendimiento de los estudiantes en esta crucial etapa educativa posobligatoria. Los resultados de este trabajo permiten sugerir la necesidad de prestar especial atención a aspectos como la gestión del tiempo dedicado al estudio y el aprendizaje en elhogar.
Predictors of wound leakage in patients undergoing surgery for neck of femur fractures
Authors: Chong HH , Boksh K , Eastley N , Davison J 
Published: April 2021

Aims Persistent wound leakage following joint arthroplasty is a known risk for periprosthetic joint infection. Little is known of the predictors of wound leakage, particularly in patients with a fractured neck of femur. We aimed to determine patient and surgical risk factors for wound leakage in this cohort. Materials and methods All patients undergoing surgery for a fractured neck of femur at Leicester Royal Infirmary between May and August 2017 were included. Patients were identified from a prospective database and placed into two groups: those with wound leakage later than three days postoperatively and those without leakage. All previously reported potential risk factors for wound leakage were compared between groups using a chi-square test and logistic regression. A Kattan-style nomogram was also created to allow probabilities output for the regression predictive models in a visual representation. Results Two hundred patients underwent surgery for a fractured neck of femur. Overall, 17% of patients (33/200) developed a persistent leaky wound. A multivariable model highlighted increased age (p = 0.01), raised body mass index (BMI; > 25 kg/m2; p = 0.047), diabetes (p = 0.03) and intramedullary hip screw fixation (p = 0.03) as significant risk factors for wound leakage. Patients with persistent wound leakage had significantly longer hospital admission than those without (p = 0.001). Discussion Our analysis identified four perioperative risk factors for wound leakage following fractured neck of femur surgery. We also developed a novel tool to identify those patients at highest risk of leakage. Once identified, the aggressive management of certain medical comorbidities in these patients may help to reduce their incidence of wound issues and the prolonged admissions that result.
Pelvic and acetabular fracture care in England: current workload and future directions
Authors: Martin A , McMaster J , Bretherton C , Noyes D 
Published: April 2021

Introduction Fractures of the pelvis and acetabulum (PAFs) are challenging injuries, requiring specialist surgical input. Since implementation of the major trauma network in England in 2012, little has been published regarding the available services, workforce organisation and burden of PAF workload. The aim of this study was to assess the recent trends in volume of PAF workload, evaluate the provision of specialist care, and identify variation in available resources, staffing and training opportunity. Methods Data on PAF volume, operative caseload, route of admission and time to surgery were requested from the Trauma Audit and Research Network. In order to evaluate current workforce provision and services, an online survey was distributed to individuals known to provide PAF care at each of the 22 major trauma centres (MTCs). Results From 2013 to 2019, 23,823 patients with PAF were admitted to MTCs in England, of whom 12,480 (52%) underwent operative intervention. On average, there are 3,971 MTC PAF admissions and 2,080 operative fixations each year. There has been an increase in admissions and cases treated operatively since 2013. Three-quarters (78%) of patients present directly to the MTC while 22% are referred from regional trauma units. Annually, there are on average 37 operatively managed PAF injuries per million population. Notwithstanding regional differences in case volume, the average number of annual PAF operative cases per surgeon in England is 30. There is significant variation in frequency of surgeon availability. There is also variation in rota organisation regarding consistent specialist surgeon availability. Conclusions This article describes the provision of PAF services since the reorganisation of trauma services in England. Future service development should take into account the current distribution of activity, future trends for increased volume and casemix, and the need for a PAF registry.
Management of scaphoid fractures with CT scanning and virtual fracture clinic pathway reduces need for face-to-face clinic appointments
Authors: Dutta A , Crate G , Bakti N , Nicholl J 
Published: April 2021

Introduction Early diagnosis is key to managing scaphoid fractures effectively. Computed tomography (CT) imaging can be effective if plain radiographs are negative. With increasing pressure on face-to-face clinics, consultant-led virtual fracture clinics (VFCs) are becoming increasingly popular. This study evaluates the management of patients with suspected scaphoid fractures using a standardised treatment protocol involving CT imaging and VFC evaluation. Methods The study was conducted at a busy district general hospital. The pathway began in February 2018. Patients presenting to the emergency department with a clinically suspected scaphoid fracture but an indeterminate radiograph had a CT scan, which was then reviewed in the VFC. Patients with a confirmed fracture were seen in a face-to-face clinic; patients without a confirmed fracture were discharged. Patient pathway outcome measures were analysed pre- and post-pathway, and a cost analysis was performed. Results A total of 164 pre-pathway patients (93%) were given a face-to-face fracture clinic appointment; 76 were discharged after their first visit. Nine patients seen in clinic had a CT scan and were discharged with no fracture. If these patients had been referred to the VFC, had CT scans and been directly discharged, it would have saved £1,629. A total of 41 patients from the post-pathway group (37%) had a CT scan and were discharged from the VFC. Avoiding face-to-face clinic appointments saved £7,421. Extrapolating, the annual savings would be £29,687. Conclusions This study shows that a VFC/CT pathway to manage patients with a suspected scaphoid fracture is cost-effective. It limits face-to-face appointments by increasing use of CT to exclude fractures.