bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Sortilin in Pancreatic Carcinoma and Influence of Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Sortilin siRNA Knockdown
Authors: Xu Di , Yu Fang , Liu shangqing , Cai Rong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Currently, there are few effective therapeutic options for pancreatic cancer patients.Sortilin is a member of vps10p receptor family，reported in many types of cancers.However, the underlying mechanism and prognostic value of sortilin in pancreatic cancer are still unclear.Objective:Understand the expression of sortilin in pancreatic cancer, and analyze its mechanism that affects the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer.Methods:A tissue microarray of 115 pancreatic cancer metastases was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. All data were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the ability of sortilin in predicting pancreatic cancer.Next, survival analysis was performed to compare the survival time between high-risk and low-risk patients to validate the prognosis prediction efficacy of sortilin.The effects of sortilin on the invasion，metastasis and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells were investigated both in vitro. investigate the anti-cancer effect of soritlin on human pancreatic cancer Capna1 and Bxpc3 cells, and its possible molecular mechanism.Results:Differential expression analysis of 115 tissue microarrays showedsortilin expression was up‐regulated in pancreatic cancer tissues,and it mainly comes from the nucleus. Sortilin expression in nucleus(SEIN) was only negatively correlated with N stage, Binary logistic regression model showed that SEIN is a good diagnostic marker for predicting pancreatic cancer and the accuracy of prediction is as high as 79.1 %. ROC curve analysis demonstrated a statistically significant diagnostic value of SEIN,and the diagnostic accuracy was 86.3%, The Youden Index was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic power, The cut-off value for SEIN in pancreatic cancer diagnosis was 0.85, with a sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 68.3%. Univariate analysis showed that M stage(P=0.022), histological grade(P=0.021), clinic stage(P=0.030)and SEIN(P=0.039) were correlated with prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, Multivariate regression analysis showed that M stage(P=0.036)and ESIN(P=0.004) were independent factors.The proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells were inhibited in vitro by sortilin siRNA knockdown.it may have something to do with soritlin/P53/NFκB regulated the the proliferation function and sortilin/MMP9 regulated the invasion-promotion of pancreatic cancer cells.Conclusions: These fndings demonstrated that the low expression of SEIN indicates better prognosis in pancreatic cancer and supplemented the effect mechanism of sortilin on pancreatic cancer cells. SEIN expression may serve as a potential diagnostic indicator of pancreatic cancer.
Risk Factors Associated with Development and Persistence of Long COVID: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Miyazato Yusuke , Tsuzuki Shinya , Morioka Shinichiro , Terada Mari , Kutsuna Satoshi , Saito Sho , Shimanishi Yumiko , Takahashi Kozue , Sanada Mio , Akashi Masako , Kuge Chika , Osanai Yasuyo , Tanaka Keiko , Suzuki Michiyo , Hayakawa Kayoko , Ohmagari Norio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLong coronavirus disease (COVID) has been a social concern. Though patient characteristics associated with the development of long COVID are partially known, those associated with its persistence have not been identified. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of patients after COVID-19 recovery who visited the National Center for Global Health and Medicine between February 2020 and March 2021. Demographic and clinical data and data regarding the presence and duration of long COVID were obtained. We identified factors associated with the development and persistence of long COVID using multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis, respectively. ResultsWe analyzed 457 of 526 responses (response rate, 86.9%). The median age was 47 years, and 378 patients (84.4%) had mild disease in the acute phase. The number of patients with any symptoms after 6 and 12 months after onset or diagnosis were 120 (26.3%) and 40 (8.8%), respectively. Women were at risk for development of fatigue (odds ratio [OR]: 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-3.14), dysosmia (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24-2.93), dysgeusia (OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.39), and hair loss (OR: 3.00, 95% CI: 1.77-5.09) and for persistence of any symptoms (coefficient: 38.0, 95% CI: 13.3-62.8). Younger age and low body mass index were risk factors for developing dysosmia (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.98 and OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, respectively) and dysgeusia (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00 and OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.98, respectively). ConclusionWe identified risk factors for the development and persistence of long COVID. Many patients suffer from long-term residual symptoms, even in mild cases.
Natural History of Retinal Degeneration in Ovine Models of CLN5 and CLN6 Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses
Authors: Murray Samantha J , Mitchell Nadia L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL; Batten disease) are a group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases with a common set of symptoms including cognitive and motor decline and vision loss. Naturally occurring sheep models of CLN5 and CLN6 disease display the key clinical features of NCL, including a progressive loss of vision. We assessed retinal histology, inflammation, and lysosomal storage accumulation in CLN5 affected (CLN5−/−) and CLN6 affected (CLN6−/−) sheep eyes and age-matched controls at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months of age to determine the onset and progression of retinal pathology in NCL sheep. The retina of CLN5−/− sheep shows progressive atrophy of the outer retinal layers, widespread inflammation, and accumulation of lysosomal storage in retinal ganglion cells late in disease. In contrast, CLN6−/− retina shows significant atrophy of all retinal layers, progressive inflammation, and earlier accumulation of lysosomal storage. This study has highlighted the differential vulnerability of retinal layers and the time course of retinal atrophy in two distinct models of NCL disease. This data will be valuable in determining potential targets for ocular therapies and the optimal timing of these therapies for protection from retinal dysfunction and degeneration in NCL.
Exercise-induced hormone and blood fatigue factor responses to branched-chain amino acids administration in the recovery period after exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sefidari Azade , Rahimi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) can boost anabolism through an increase in the internal concentration of BCAA, which leads to facilitating anabolic hormone release to stimulate the power of the muscles. Studies on administration of BCAA to minimize fatigue substances during long periods of high intensity exercise have been conducted. However, there are disagreements concerning the results of these studies.Method: A comprehensive search was performed on electronic databases up to November 2019 for trials evaluating the effects of BCAA on recovery following exercise. Mean ± standard deviation of follow-up cortisol, insulin, ammonia, and lactate concentrations were extracted to calculate the effect size for meta-analysis.Results: A total of 146 participants for cortisol and 279 participants for lactate were found from the 7 and 15 studies, respectively. The results revealed a significant effect of BCAA supplementation on cortisol concentration during 120≤ min post exercise follow-up. Moreover, without considering follow-up times, an overall analysis showed that BCAA was effective in reducing blood lactate in aerobic exercise and the trained status of athletes.Conclusions: The advantages of BCAA administration relate to a reduction in cortisol concentration after 2h and ameliorated muscle function because of a probable attenuation of fatigue substances immediately after exercise.
Pain, Depressive Symptoms, and Self-efficacy for Pain Management: Examination in Black Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Vilardaga Jennifer Plumb , Fisher Hannah , Winger Joseph , Miller Shannon , Nunez Christine , Majestic Catherine , Kelleher Sarah , Somers Tamara 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Black women with breast cancer face significant disparities, including high levels of pain. Depressive symptoms and self-efficacy for pain management impact how women with breast cancer manage pain, yet little is known about how these variables relate to pain specifically for Black women with breast cancer. Methods: Baseline regression analyses were conducted using a sample of women (n=98) with stage I-III breast cancer identifying as Black or African-American who were part of a larger intervention trial. Model 1 explored depressive symptoms and pain (i.e., severity and interference). Model 2 explored self-efficacy for pain management and pain. Covariates were age (M=57.22,SD=10.76), cancer stage (50%=stage 1), and education level (36%=some college). Results: Participants reported moderate levels of pain severity and interference. Higher depressive symptoms were related to both higher pain severity and interference; (B=.06, p<.01, 95% CI [.02,.09], β=.32) and (B=.13, p<.001, 95% CI [.09, 17], β=.55) respectively. Likewise, lower self-efficacy for pain management was also related to both higher pain severity and interference; (B=-.04, p<.001, 95% CI [-.05,-.02], β=-.44) and (B=-.06, p<.001, 95% CI [-.08,-.04], β=-.53) respectively. Women reporting less than a high school diploma endorsed significantly higher pain severity and interference than women reporting some college. Age and cancer stage were not significantly related to pain.Conclusion: Pain for Black women with breast cancer may be influenced by depressive symptoms and self-efficacy for pain management, in addition to other important variables. Attending to better assessment and treatment of depressive symptoms and self-efficacy for pain management may improve outcomes.
Embankment Dam Design With Dispersive Soil: Solutions And Challenges
Authors: Salehi Davood , Heidari Ali 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An embankment dam has been designed by using dispersive soil in East Africa after performing the required tests for dispersivity of the materials. Internal erosion through cracks or other openings in the embankment is the most concern of using the dispersive soils. The foundation of dam and borrow areas consist of dispersive soil and the effective measures has been considered in the design to safely deal with dispersivity according to recommendation of the codes and design guidelines. The selected solution was the combination of chimney filter, filter drain, and selective placement of materials in the dambody as the effective solution considering the specification of the project. The local instability in the contact zones was the concerns of designers and bilinear parameters has been considered in the stability analysis as the base case. This was due to the dispersive material and drain filter feature that determined according to nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of the dambody. This paper presents the measures and precautions that were taken into account in dealing with dispersive soil in order to ensure the safety of project.
Eco-Friendly Chitosan@Silver/Plant Fiber Membranes for Masks with Thermal Comfortability and Self-Sterilization
Authors: Zou Qian , Gai Yinuo , Gai Xiaotang , Xiong Siwei , Wei Nanjun , Jiang Mengying , Chen Liye , Liu Yang , Gai Jinggang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The surgical masks have been essential consumables for public in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, long-time wearing masks will make wearers feel uncomfortable and massive discarded non-biodegradable masks lead to a heavy burden on our environment. In this paper, we adopt degradable chitosan@silver (CS@Ag) core-shell fibers and plant fibers to prepare an eco-friendly mask with excellent thermal comfort, self-sterilization, and antiviral effects. The thermal network of CS@Ag core-shell fibers highly improves the in-plane thermal conductivity of masks, which is 4.45 times higher than that of commercial masks. Because of the electrical conductivity of Ag, the fabricated mask can be electrically heated to warm the wearer in a cold environment and disinfect COVID-19 facilely at room temperature. Meanwhile, the in-situ reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) endow the mask with superior antibacterial properties. Therefore, this mask shows a great potential to address the urgent need for a thermally comfortable, antibacterial, antiviral, and eco-friendly mask.
Gauging Energy Poverty in Developing Countries through Electricity Access
Authors: Drago Carlo , Gatto Andrea 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Energy poverty is a crucial development issue though is ambiguously conceived. In many parts of the world, energy poverty is a severe problem, particularly amongst the vulnerable and developing countries. When impoverished people do not have adequate access to energy, they will not be able to generate the power they need to lift themselves out of poverty and often get proper food, education, health and sanitation, infrastructures and basic daily and development needs. With the advantage of interval-based composite indicators and triplex representations of the intervals as a sensitivity analysis, we measure and assess developing countries’ electricity access as a proxy of energy poverty. The proposed quantitative approach is particularly innovative because it adequately gauges robust measures of electricity access and the level of resilience and vulnerability of energy access in the developing world. Our conclusion based on the comparison of the different representations allows identifying a cluster of developing countries showing higher international vulnerability, whilst other countries display higher electricity access resilience.JEL codes: C15 [Statistical Simulation Methods: Single Equation Models, Monte Carlo Methods, Bootstrap Methods] C43 [Index numbers and aggregations] I32 [Measurement and Analysis of Poverty] O13 [Agriculture, Natural Resources, Energy, Environment, Other primary products] Q01 [Sustainable development]
Comprehensive Evaluation of Long-Term Radiation Safety in the Vicinity of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China
Authors: Cao Yiyao , Lin Junping , Zhai Kangle , Jiang Wei , Zou Hua , Ren Hong , Wang Peng , Gao Xiangjing , Zhang Meibian , Yu Shunfei , Zhao Yaoxian , Xuan Zhiqiang , Zhang Dongxia , Liu Yulian , Lou Xiaoming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the impact of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (Qinshan NPP) in normal operation on the surrounding environment and population, the radioactivity levels of drinking water and the ambient environment, as well as the residents’ cancer incidence, were continuously monitored for a period of 9 years (2012-2020). All of the gross α and β radioactivity concentrations in drinking water were less than the WHO recommended values (0.5 Bq/L for gross α and 1 Bq/L for gross β). The results of ambient environment accumulated dose monitored by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) indicated that the ambient environment radioactive level around Qinshan NPP is consistently at natural background radiation levels. The age-dependent annual effective doses due to the ingestion of tap water or exposure to the outdoor ambient environment are lower than the reference dose of 0.1 mSv/y. The corresponding excess risks are at relatively low levels. Thus, the consumption of drinking water and outdoor activities are not expected to give rise to any detectable adverse effects on the health of the public around the Qinshan NPP. For all cancers combined, the age-standardized incidence rate by the Chinese 2000 standard population of the inhabitants living around Qinshan NPP is consistent with that of Zhejiang Province as a whole. No excess incidence of leukaemia was observed around the Qinshan NPP. The incidence of thyroid cancer is high and increasing, but it is also in line with the increasing trends in Zhejiang Province and all of China. Based on current radiation risk estimates, radiation exposure is not a plausible explanation for any excess cancers observed in the vicinity of the Qinshan NPP.
Determinants of Place Birth: A Multinomial Logistic Regression and Spatial Analysis of the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey Data
Authors: Gudayu Temesgen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The presence of skilled attendants at birth and institutional delivery with quality serves significantly improves maternal and neonatal health. However, in countries where a practice of home birth is common, maternal and neonatal mortality remained high. Thus, this study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of home birth and to identify determinants of place of birth in Ethiopia. Methods: Ethiopian mini-DHS-2019 data was used in this analysis. A survey multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze determinants of place of birth. An adjusted relative risk ratio and its 95% confidence interval with a p-value of < 0.05 and marginal effect and its 95% confidence interval with a p-value of < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. The Global Moran’s I analysis was done by using ArcMap 10.8 to evaluate the clustering of home birth. The magnitude of home birth was predicted by ordinary kriging interpolation. Then, scanning was done by SaTScan V.9.6 software to detect scanning windows with low or high rates of home birth. Result: Prevalence of home birth in Ethiopia was 52.19% (95% CI: 46.49 – 57.83). Whereas, only 2.99% (95% CI: 1.68 – 5.25) of mothers gave birth in the health posts. Bigger family size, family wealth, multiparity, none and fewer antenatal visits, and low cluster level coverage of 4+ antenatal visits were predictors of home birth. Homebirth was clustered across enumeration areas and it was over 40% in most parts of the country with >75% in the Somali region. SaTScan analysis detected most likely clusters in the Somali region, eastern and southern zones of Oromia region, central zones of Amhara region, and eastern zones of the South Nations Nationalities and People’s region. Conclusion: Home birth is a common practice in Ethiopia. Among public health facilities, health posts are the least utilized institutions for labor and delivery care. Nationally implementing the 2016 WHO’s recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience and providing quality antenatal and delivery care in public facilities through qualified providers with midwifery skills and systems of back-up in place could be supportive.
Novel Homozygous Nonsense Mutation Associated with Bardet-Biedl Syndrome in Fetus with Congenital Renal Malformation
Authors: Cai Meiying , Fu Xianguo , Xu Liangpu , Lin Na , Huang Hailong , Lin Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. BBS is more commonly reported in adults and children than in fetuses. Method: Here, a retrospective study of 210 fetuses with congenital renal malformation was performed. These fetuses were performed invasive prenatal diagnosis. Chromosome karyotype analysis, whole exome sequencing (WES), and a single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) were used.Results: We found the intrauterine phenotype of a fetus with enlarged kidneys, enhanced echo, and oligohydramnios, and the molecular characterizations of the fetus with BBS. The results of chromosome karyotype analysis and SNP-array on the fetus were normal. WES, however, revealed homozygous mutation of c.1177C>T (p.Arg393*) on exon 12 of the BBS1 gene, and heterozygous variation of c.2704G>A (p.Asp902Asn) on exon 22 of the CC2D2A gene. According to ACMG guidelines, c.1177C> T was identified as a pathogenic mutation and c.2704G>A was identified as an uncertain significance. Sanger sequencing showed that there was heterozygous mutation of c.1177C>T and heterozygous variation of c.2704G>A in the parents of the fetus. Conclusion: WES identified a novel homozygous nonsense mutation c.1177C>T in the BBS1 gene of a Chinese fetus with congenital renal malformation. The finding provides more insight into BBS1 mutations in Asian populations in general, and provides a basis for genetic counseling.
Recombinant neutralizing secretory IgA antibodies for preventing mucosal carriage and transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Göritzer Kathrin , Groppelli Elisabetta , Grünwald-Gruber Clemens , Figl Rudolf , Ni Fengfeng , Hu Huimin , Li Yuncheng , Liu Yalan , Hu Qinxue , Puligedda Rama Devudu , Strasser Richard , Dessain Scott , Ma Julian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Passive delivery of antibodies to mucosal sites might be a valuable adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination to prevent infection, treat viral carriage, or block transmission. However, monoclonal IgG antibody therapies, currently used for treatment of severe infections, are unlikely to prove useful in mucosal sites where SARS-CoV-2 resides and replicates in early infection. Here, we investigated the feasibility of producing neutralising monoclonal IgA antibodies against SARS-COV-2. We identified two class-switched mAbs that express well as monomeric and secretory IgA variants with retained antigen binding affinities and increased stability in mucosal secretions compared to their IgG counterparts. SIgAs had stronger virus neutralisation activities than IgG mAbs and were able to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection in an in vivo murine model. Our findings provide a persuasive case for developing recombinant SIgAs for mucosal application as a new tool in the fight against COVID-19.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of New Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase and Tryparedoxin Peroxidase Inhibitors: One More Step in the Study of Leishmaniasis Infection
Authors: Espinosa-Saez Roger , Robledo Sara M. , Pineda Tatiana , Murillo Javier , Patiño Gilmar Santafé , Zúñiga César , Yañez Osvaldo , Cantero-López Plinio , Guzmán Camilo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, the viability of new dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and tryparedoxin peroxidase inhibitors is reported. In vitro antileishmanial activity was evaluated using a Leishmania (V) panamensis strain, and the cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed using U-937 cells. The in vivo therapeutic response was evaluated in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) experimentally infected with L. (V) panamensis and treated with a 1% topical formulation of compounds 4a–f. On the other hand, in silico studies considering the synthesized compounds were also carried out. All of the compounds showed promising in vitro activity, with mean EC50 effective concentration values ​​ranging from 3.8 µM to 19.3 µM. Likewise, treatment with compounds 4a–f produced improvement in most of the hamsters and cured some; in particular, those treated with compounds 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4f reacted the best. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, computational docking, and MM/GBSA studies indicate the promising bioavailability and absorption characteristics of the studied compounds, which are expected to be orally active. In addition, the studied 2-arylquinolines are absorbable at the blood–brain barrier, but not in the gastrointestinal tract. Finally, ADMET properties suggest that these molecules can be safely used as leishmaniasis inhibitors.