bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic students and staff at the Arab International University, Syria: a snapshot after a year of pandemic
Authors: Zarzour Wafika , Habbal Wafa , Oraige Alaa , Ganama Ahmad , Serri Raghad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: After a year of pandemic in Syria, how prevalent the seropositivity is, and how far we are from herd immunity is a raised question. Our study aimed to estimate the overall exposure to SARS-COV-2 among students and staff at the Arab International University (AIU) in Syria. Methods: All AIU students and staff were invited to voluntarily participate in the study by filling out and submitting an anonymous web-based survey. Responses were evaluated and asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic respondents were notified of a phlebotomy appointment. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were analyzed by ELISA and a group of sera showing various IgG titers were chosen for retesting using the COVID-19 IgG Rapid Test. Results: One third (122 of 381; 32%) of respondents were asymptomatic. The remaining respondents reported COVID-19-specific symptoms (177 of 381; 46.5%), mainly anosmia and/or ageusia (132 of 381; 34.6%), or nonspecific symptoms (82 of 381; 21.5%). Frequencies of symptoms onset showed a strong, positive correlation (τb=0.53, P<0.01) with the incidence of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positive cases reported by the Ministry of Health in Syria. The majority of symptomatic respondents (243 of 259; 94%) were considered ‘mild cases’ where neither oxygen therapy nor pulmonary infiltrates were reported. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were similarly detected in both symptomatic (21 of 33; 63.6%) and asymptomatic (39 of 61; 63.9%) individuals. The concordance rate between Rapid and ELISA IgG tests was 75% and discrepancy was confined to low antibody titers. Conclusions: Approaching herd immunity, a 69% exposure to SARS-CoV-2 is roughly estimated. Absence of COVID-19-specific symptoms does not guarantee that an individual is uninfected thus noninfectious. Preventive measures are highly recommended even when no symptomatic COVID-19 patients exist around.
Yiqi Dingxuan Yin improves cerebral ischaemic injury in rats by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting angiogenesis
Authors: Liu Fei , Xie Liuyang , Liu Chunhua , He Guilian , Yuan Chunyun , Hou Fan , He Hongwei , Peng Juan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Clinically, Yiqi Dingxuan Yin promotes nerve function recovery and improves nerve function defect symptoms; however, the underlying molecular pathways remain unknown. In this study, we established a rat model of cerebral ischaemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The effects of Yiqi Dingxuan Yin on the neurological function and local neuron morphology were compared with those of butylphthalide, which is used to treat ischemic stroke, and the possible mechanisms of action were explored.
Methods

Of 97 healthy adult male Sprague‒Dawley rats, 20 were randomly assigned to the sham operation group. The remaining rats underwent MCAO. Model generation was successful in 60 rats, which were randomly divided into a model group, butylphthalide group, and Yiqi Dingxuan Yin group (n = 20/group) administered distilled water, butylphthalide capsule, and Yiqi Dingxuan Yin, respectively. Zea-Longa scores were used to assess the neurological function of the rats at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. Haematoxylin and eosin staining of brain sections was used to observe morphological changes in the rat hippocampus. Apoptosis of nerve cells was detected using TUNEL staining. The expression levels of erythropoietin/erythropoietin receptor (EPO/EPOR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine receptor kinase B (BDNF/TrkB) protein in the ischaemic brain tissue were detected using immunohistochemistry.
Results

The apoptosis rate, and EPO/EPOR, VEGF, and BDNF/TrkB expression levels were higher in the model group than in the sham operation group (P < 0.05). Among MCAO groups, the nerve function deficit score and cell apoptosis rate were lower (P < 0.05), whereas the EPO/EPOR, VEGF, and BDNF/TrkB protein expression levels were higher (P < 0.05) in both the butylphthalide and Yiqi Dingxuan Yin groups than in the model group.
Conclusions

Yiqi Dingxuan Yin can improve the neural function and morphology of neurons after cerebral ischaemia injury in rats, with a more significant effect at 14 days. This may be related to the upregulation of EPO/EPOR, VEGF, and BDNF/TrkB protein expression, which may promote angiogenesis to improve cerebral blood flow and oxygen supply, thereby protecting the form and function of neurons and promoting the restoration of impaired neural function.
Preeclampsia prediction model using the dipstick test for proteinuria during early gestation
Authors: Ohseto Hisashi , Ishikuro Mami , Obara Taku , Murakami Keiko , Onuma Tomomi , Noda Aoi , Ueno Fumihiko , Iwama Noriyuki , Kikuya Masahiro , Metoki Hirohito , Sugawara Junichi , Kuriyama Shinichi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to develop prediction model for preeclampsia (PE) using routinely examined items in early pregnancy especially dipstick test for proteinuria.MethodThe Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study recruited pregnant women and we included 9,086 of them in analysis. Maternal basic characteristics were obtained by self-report, and blood pressure and dipstick test of proteinuria were obtained by medical record at regular antenatal care. The outcome was defined as PE including superimposed preeclampsia. We developed prediction model without dipstick test of proteinuria (model 1) and model with it (model 2), and we compared them by the mean of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (mAUROC) using five-fold cross validation.ResultsmAUROC of model 1 was 0.769 (95% CI; 0.741 to 0.797) and that of model 2 was 0.785 (95% CI; 0.758 to 0.812). The difference of two mAUROCs was 0.016 (95% CI; 0.004 to 0.028). In model 2, detection rates at false-positive rate of 5%, 10% and 20% were 40%, 49% and 64%, respectively.ConclusionsWe could develop prediction model for PE using routine antenatal care items and it was improved by including dipstick test for proteinuria.
Video Capsule endoscopy in patients with Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Experience at a Regional Australian Service
Authors: Furner Maddison , Nagel Robyn , Pinidiyapathirage Janani 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Few studies have examined the diagnostic yield of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) in patients with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). This retrospective study aims to identify the yield of VCE, distribution of VCE findings in IDA and factors predictive of positive findings among patients presenting to a gasteroendoscopy practice in regional Australia.
Methods

Findings of consecutive VCE studies between March 2017 and April 2020 performed in patients with unexplained IDA and negative conventional endoscopy were included in this retrospective analysis. All endoscopies were performed and reported by a single specialist physician. Relevant clinical data including demographics, medication use, haemoglobin and ferritin levels were extracted into a standardised spreadsheet with procedural findings. A positive diagnostic yield was considered when VCE diagnosed one or more lesions that could explain the IDA. Statistical analysis was used to determine variables correlated with definite VCE findings.
Results

In total 123 procedures were included. Mean age of the patients was 67.9 years. Mean haemoglobin and ferritin levels were 93.3 g/L and 11.9ug/L, respectively. Positive findings were present in 54.5% of patients with the most frequent finding being angiodysplasia (52.2%). Haemoglobin level was the only variable associated with a positive finding. A significant number of studies had significant findings outside the small bowel (41.8%), overwhelmingly within reach of conventional upper endoscopy (89.3%).
Conclusions

VCE is a valuable diagnostic modality in patients with IDA. Low haemoglobin was associated with a positive finding on VCE in this group of patients.
Child Maltreatment and Risk of Developing Panic Symptoms among Adolescent Aged 11-17-Year-old in Karachi, Pakistan: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lakhdir Maryam Pyar Ali , Nathwani Apsara Ali , Ali Naureen Akber , Farooq Salima , Peerwani Ghazal , Khaliq Asif , Azam Syed Iqbal , Kadir Muhammad Masood 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The effect of childhood maltreatment in the developmental pathway of panic symptoms was not well documented specifically in Pakistan. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between child maltreatment and the risk of developing Panic symptoms among adolescents aged 11–17 years in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods

The sample of this study comprised of 800 adolescents aged 11–17 years from 32 systematically selected urban and peri-urban clusters of Karachi. The symptoms of panic (significant somatic symptoms) were assessed using a validated tool “SCARED” and the association between childhood maltreatment and panic symptoms was measured using a cox-proportional algorithm.
Results

Sixty-three percent of severely maltreated children developed Panic symptoms compared to nineteen percent of non-maltreated children. Severely maltreated Female children had approximately four times (95% CI: 2.11–6.35) the risk of panic symptoms and severely maltreated male children were three times (95% CI: 2.27–5.99) more likely to develop panic symptoms.
Conclusion

The current study provided evidence that maltreated children are at increased risk of developing panic symptoms later in adolescence. Interventions and policies to reduce childhood maltreatment and professional support and counseling to the victims may be an effective strategy to reduce the burden of panic symptoms to some extent.
Complete genome sequence of a novel mitovirus isolated from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis
Authors: Chen Zeli , Chen Lu , Anane Rex Frimpong , Wang Zhe , Gao Like , Li Shangyun , Wen Guosong , Yu Daihong , Zhao Mingfu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Paris mitovirus 1 (ParMV1) is a positive-sense RNA virus isolated from diseased Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis plants in Wenshan, Yunnan. The complete genome sequence of ParMV1 consists of 2,751 nucleotides with a genome structure typical of the mitoviruses. ParMV1 genome has a single open reading frame (ORF: 358-2,637 nt) that encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with a molecular mass of 86.42 kDa. ParMV1 contains six conserved motifs (Ι-VΙ) that are unique to mitoviruses. In addition, the 5′and 3′ terminals of the genome have a stable secondary structure, and the reverse complementary sequence forms a panhandle structure. Comparative genome analysis revealed that ParMV1 shares 23.1–40.6% amino acid (aa) and 32.3–45.7% nucleotide (nt) sequence identities with the RdRp of other mitoviruses. The phylogenetic tree inferred from RdRp aa sequence showed that ParMV1 clusters with mitoviruses, and hence should be considered as a new member of the genus Mitovirus in the family Motiviridae. This is the first report of a novel mitovirus infecting Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis.
Integrated Analysis of the Expression, Prognostic Value, and Relationship with Immune Infiltration of CMTMs in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: jiang shitao , Zhang Junwei , Liu Yaoge , Zhang Ting , Zhang Lei , Xu Yiyao , Zhao Haitao , Sang Xinting , Lu Xin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The chemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing (CMTM) family refers to an updated gene family involved in diverse pathophysiological processes. However, the effect exerted by CMTM family members (CMTMs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still elusive. Herein, to elucidate the expression, prognostic value, and immune roles of CMTMs in HCC, a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis was carried out. Our findings showed that CKLF, CMTM1, CMTM3-4, and CMTM7-8 displayed higher mRNA expression levels in HCC tissues than in normal tissues, yet CMTM2, CMTM5, and CMTM6 were lower in HCC tissues. The levels of CMTM1, CMTM2, and CMTM4 were related to tumor stage. Survival analysis showed that high levels of CKLF, CMTM1, CMTM4, and CMTM6-7 were associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Conversely, a high level of CMTM5 in HCC patients was associated with improved OS. We also found that CKLF, CMTM1-4, and CMTM6-7 were closely correlated with immune infiltration in the HCC microenvironment. In conclusion, this study indicates that CMTMs exert a crucial effect on HCC microenvironment remodeling. CKLF, CMTM1, CMTM4, and CMTM6-7 are potential targets of precision therapy, and CMTM5 is a tumor-suppressive gene that was associated with improved survival in HCC patients.
Active Monitoring of Selective Laser Melting Process by Training an Artificial Neural Net Classifier on Layer-By-Layer Surface Laser Profilometry Data
Authors: Terry Benjamin S. , Baucher Brandon , Chaudhary Anil , Chakraborty Subhadeep 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper reports some recent results related to active monitoring of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) processes through analysis of layer-by-layer surface profile data. Estimation of fault probability was carried out experimentally in a Renishaw AM250 machine, by collecting Fe3Si powder bed height data, in-situ, during the metal additive manufacturing of a Heat Exchanger section, comprised of a series of conformal channels. Specifically, high-resolution powder bed surface height data from a laser profilometer was linked to post-print ground-truth labels (faulty or nominal) for each site from CT scans, by training a shallow artificial neural net (ANN). The ANN demonstrated interesting capabilities for discovering correlations between surface roughness characteristics and the presence and size of faults. Strong performance was achieved with respect to several standard metrics for classifying faulty and nominal sites. These developments can potentially enable active monitoring processes to become a future component of a layer-by-layer feedback system for better control of SLM processes.
Integrated 2D graphene oxide layered films for enhanced nonlinear optics in high index doped silica waveguides
Authors: Moss David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM) in doped silica waveguides integrated with graphene oxide (GO) layers. Owing to strong mode overlap between the integrated waveguides and GO films that have a high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss, the FWM efficiency of the hybrid integrated waveguides is significantly improved. We perform FWM measurements for different pump powers, wavelength detuning, GO coating lengths, and number of GO layers. Our experimental results show good agreement with theory, achieving up to ~9.5-dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency for a 1.5-cm-long waveguide integrated with 2 layers of GO. We show theoretically that for different waveguide geometries an enhancement in FWM efficiency of ~ 20 dB can be obtained in the doped silica waveguides, and more than 30 dB in silicon nanowires and slot waveguides. This demonstrates the effectiveness of introducing GO films into integrated photonic devices in order to enhance the performance of nonlinear optical processes.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Uruguay (#CCG)
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Rogner Holger , Quirós-Tortós Jairo , Angulo-Paniagua Jam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to energy system modelling, causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Uruguay, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Role of three bird species in the life cycle of two Sarcocystis species (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae) in the Czech Republic
Authors: Máca Ondřej , González David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBirds are one of the groups involved in the development of Sarcocystis Lankester, 1882, serving either as intermediate or definitive hosts. The white-tailed sea eagle Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758), red kite Milvus milvus (Linnaeus, 1758) (both Accipitriformes) and common starlings Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 (Passeriformes) were examined to elucidate their participation in the development of Sarcocystis, as well as to determine the specific identity of the parasites based on morphological and especially molecular analyses.MethodsIn 2020–2021, one white-tailed eagle, one red kite and five common starlings were parasitologically examined for the presence of Sarcocystis using flotation centrifugation coprological method and by wet mounts of intestinal mucosa scrapings and/or muscle samples. Positive samples were processed by light microscopy, histologically and followed molecularly at four genetic markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS1 and cox1).ResultsThe white-tailed eagle harboured oocysts/sporocysts of S. arctica Gjerde et Schulze, 2014 in the intestinal mucosa, while the intestinal mucosa of the red kite and breasts and leg muscles of one common starling were positive to S. halieti Gjerde, Vikøren et Hamnes, 2018. Sequences from eagle shared 99.6 − 100% identity with each other and S. arctica in the red fox (V. vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) from the Czech Republic. Sequences from the common starling and red kite shared 100% identity with each other and with S. halieti in the great cormorant (P. carbo [Linnaeus, 1758]) from Lithuania and H. albicilla from Norway.ConclusionsThe white-tailed sea eagle (H. albicilla) acts as natural definitive host of S. arctica, whereas the common starling (St. vulgaris) and red kite (M. milvus) represent intermediate and definitive hosts, respectively, for S. halieti.
Assessing the quality of complementary and alternative medicine website information for cancer: A cross-sectional review and analysis
Authors: Thakar Harmy , Balkaran Sabrina L. , Ng Jeremy Y. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Patients with cancer frequently utilize complementary and alternative medicine (CAM); prior to this, many seek information about these therapies online. Little is known about the quality of this web-based consumer health information (CHI). The present study aimed to address this paucity of research by evaluating the quality of websites containing information on CAM treatments for cancer. Six unique search terms were entered into Google across four English-speaking countries. The first 20 results of each search were assessed and included if they contained CAM consumer health information for the treatment and/or management of cancer. Eligible websites were assessed using the 16-item DISCERN instrument, designed to evaluate information quality. Of the 480 identified websites, 387 were duplicates, and 53 fit the eligibility criteria and were assessed using the DISCERN instrument. Mean summed DISCERN scores across all websites was 53.08 (SD = 12.75), and mean scores of the overall quality of each website was 3.22 (SD = 0.80). Website CHI quality on CAM therapies for cancer were generally acceptable. Several website quality issues were identified, including a lack of transparency surrounding references, areas of uncertainty, consequences of foregoing treatment, and treatment impacts on quality of life.
The risk for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea in rural Queensland
Authors: Fischer Marguerite A. , Karadeniz Ersan I. , Flores-Mir Carlos , Lindsay Daniel , Karadeniz Carmen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The importance of assessing patients for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) cannot be more highly stressed and orthodontists may play an essential role in risk screening. The Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) is a validated tool to identify whether a child is at risk for paediatric OSA.

Objectives
The likelihood of paediatric OSA in school-aged children residing in Far North Queensland (FNQ) will be assessed using the PSQ.

Methods
Parents of children aged between 4 and 18 years were invited to participate through schools and social media messaging to complete an online PSQ questionnaire to assess their OSA risk and demographics.

Results
The final sample consisted of 404 school-aged children of whom 62.5% were found to be at a high-risk for paediatric OSA. The high risk was significantly associated with males and those of overweight/obese BMI status (p < 0.001). Race and age were not significant associations (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Within the contributing sample of school-aged children in FNQ, a significant number were found to be at high-risk of paediatric OSA. Males and overweight/obese children were measured risk factors.
PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: PROSPECÇÃO BIBLIOMÉTRICA E PATENTÁRIA DE VENTILADORES MECÂNICOS ALTERNATIVOS DE BAIXO CUSTO
Authors: Schultz-Macedo Daiane , Lomanto Bastos Grazielle , Ferreira Lima Angela Maria 
Published: September 2021

O estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma prospecção bibliométrica e patentária de ventiladores mecânicos alternativos de baixo custo relacionados a doenças respiratórias como forma de enfrentamento à covid-19. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória com abordagem quali-quantitativa, utilizando como técnicas de tratamento das informações as prospecções bibliométrica e patentária. As bases de dados utilizadas para o levantamento dos artigos foram Web of Science e Scopus e para o mapeamento de patentes o Orbit Intelligence e o Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial. Ao todo foram analisados 15 artigos, sendo todos de código aberto, e 83 patentes. O país que mais publica artigos são os Estados Unidos, com 5, e a China a maior detentora de patentes, com 63. O Brasil apresenta-se com duas publicações de artigos, fruto de cooperações entre universidades, e cinco proteções de patentes. Pode-se concluir que nos últimos 5 anos houve um engajamento entre os países para o desenvolvimento de ventiladores alternativos de baixo custo e o aumento no desenvolvimento de pesquisas, por meio de artigos científicos, visando o rompimento de paradigmas em busca de novas tecnologias.
Palavras-chave: Covid-19; Ventiladores mecânicos; Baixo custo.