bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infective myositis
Authors: Narayanappa Gayathri , Nandeesh Bevinahalli Nanjegowda 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMyositis is inflammation especially of the voluntary muscles, characterized by localized or diffuse pain, tenderness on movement or palpation, swelling, and/or weakness. The two main categories of myositis include non‐infectious and infectious. Infective myositis may be due to a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. A brief account of the various pathogens causing infective myositis is discussed.
Developmental Relations Between Home Literacy Environment, Reading Interest, and Reading Skills: Evidence From a 3‐Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Georgiou George K. , Inoue Tomohiro , Parrila Rauno 
Published: May 2021

We examined the bidirectional relations between home literacy environment, reading interest, and children’s emergent literacy and reading skills in a sample of 172 English‐speaking Canadian children (Mage = 75.87 months) followed from Grade 1 to Grade 3. Results of cross‐lagged analysis revealed that the reading comprehension activities (RCA) at home positively predicted children's reading skills at the end of Grade 2 and the reading skills negatively predicted the RCA in Grade 3. Parent‐rated reading interest was bidirectionally related to reading skills, whereas child‐rated reading interest was only predicted by earlier reading skills, but not vice versa. These findings suggest that parents are sensitive to their children’s reading performance and modify their involvement accordingly.
Sleep, Classroom Behavior, and Achievement Among Children of Color in Historically Disinvested Neighborhoods
Authors: Ursache Alexandra , Robbins Rebecca , Chung Alicia , Dawson‐McClure Spring , Kamboukos Dimitra , Calzada Esther J. , Jean‐Louis Girardin , Brotman Laurie Miller 
Published: May 2021

Children of color are more likely to have poor sleep health than White children, placing them at risk for behavioral problems in the classroom and lower academic performance. Few studies, however, have utilized standardized measures of both classroom behavior and achievement. This study examined whether children’s sleep (parent and teacher report) in first grade concurrently related to independent observations of classroom behavior and longitudinally predicted achievement test scores in second grade in a sample of primarily Black (86%) children (n = 572; age = 6.8) living in historically disinvested neighborhoods. Higher teacher‐reported child sleepiness was associated with lower adaptive behaviors and higher problem behaviors in the classroom, and predicted lower achievement. Parent‐reported bedtime resistance and disordered breathing also predicted lower achievement.
Long‐term outcomes of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy in patients with cirrhosis; before, during or after liver transplantation: A single center's experience
Authors: Yemini Renana , Nesher Eviatar , Braun Marius , Cohen Michal , Carmeli Idan , Mor Eytan , Keidar Andrei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing prevalence of morbid obesity (MO) results in parallel growth of obesity‐associated liver diseases necessitating liver transplantation (LT).ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility and safety of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy in the setting of LT.MethodsThis retrospective chart review included the data on all the MO candidates before and after LT who underwent bariatric surgery (BS) in our institution between 04/2013–09/2016. The reported outcomes were weight change and early and late postoperative complications (mean follow‐up: 43 ± 11.1 months).ResultsEighteen MO peri‐LT patients (10 females, 8 males, average age 48 years) were included in the study. Ten had cirrhosis (mean Model of End‐stage Liver Disease [MELD] score of 12.5 ± 6.42), three underwent concurrent LT and BS (mean MELD score 23.7 ± 0.58), and five had LT (mean of 56 months from LT). The mean percentage of total and excess weight loss was 31% and 81%, respectively. Six of the eight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus became normoglycemic after BS. Three patients sustained perioperative complications. Two cirrhotic patients died 1 and 4.5 years after BS with decompensation.ConclusionsBariatric surgery appears to effectively address obesity in cirrhotic and LT patients. The surgical risk is higher than that of the regular BS population.
Vesicle traffic in the outer hair cell
Authors: Harasztosi Csaba , Klenske Entcho , Gummer Anthony W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe plasma‐membrane marker FM1‐43 was employed to reveal the relative significance of different types of endocytic and transcytic mechanisms in outer hair cells (OHCs) of the guinea‐pig cochlea. A double‐barrel local perfusion system was used to label independently the apical or synaptic pole of the isolated OHC to study mechanisms of vesicle uptake at the poles and of vesicle trafficking along and across the cell. Treatment with an inhibitor of macropino‐ and phagocytosis, phenylarsine oxide, or of clathrin‐mediated endocytic activity, concanavalin A, significantly reduced the dye uptake at both the apical and the synaptic poles, indicating the presence of both clathrin‐independent and clathrin‐mediated processes at both poles. However, measurement of uptake speed in the presence of the inhibitors suggested that clathrin‐independent processes contribute more extensively to endocytosis at the basal pole than the apical pole. Treatment with an inhibitor of myosin VI, 2,4,6‐triiodophenol, significantly delayed both the apicobasal and the basoapical fluorescence signals. However, treatment with an inhibitor of kinesin, monastrol, or of dynein, ciliobrevin D, significantly delayed the signals only in the basoapical direction. The myosinVI inhibitor, but neither the kinesin nor dynein inhibitors, significantly delayed the signals to the subsurface cisternae. That is, myosin VI carries vesicles in both longitudinal directions as well as radially to the subsurface cisternae, whereas kinesin and dynein participate primarily in basoapical trafficking. This fundamental information is essential for elucidating recycling mechanisms of specific proteins involved in establishing, controlling and maintaining the electromechanical action of OHCs and, therefore, is vital for understanding auditory perception.
Microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems: Moving beyond the state of the art to minimize the risk of ecological surprise
Authors: Baho Didier L. , Bundschuh Mirco , Futter Martyn N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMicroplastic (plastic particles measuring <5mm) pollution is ubiquitous. Unlike in other well‐studied ecosystems, for example, marine and freshwater environments, microplastics in terrestrial systems are relatively understudied. Their potential impacts on terrestrial environments, in particular the risk of causing ecological surprise, must be better understood and quantified. Ecological surprise occurs when ecosystem behavior deviates radically from expectations and generally has negative consequences for ecosystem services. The properties and behavior of microplastics within terrestrial environments may increase their likelihood of causing ecological surprises as they (a) are highly persistent global pollutants that will last for centuries, (b) can interact with the abiotic environment in a complex manner, (c) can impact terrestrial organisms directly or indirectly and (d) interact with other contaminants and can facilitate their transport. Here, we compiled findings of previous research on microplastics in terrestrial environments. We systematically focused on studies addressing different facets of microplastics related to their distribution, dispersion, impact on soil characteristics and functions, levels of biological organization of tested terrestrial biota (single species vs. assemblages), scale of experimental study and corresponding ecotoxicological effects. Our systematic assessment of previous microplastic research revealed that most studies have been conducted on single species under laboratory conditions with short‐term exposures; few studies were conducted under more realistic long‐term field conditions and/or with multi‐species assemblages. Studies targeting multi‐species assemblages primarily considered soil bacterial communities and showed that microplastics can alter essential nutrient cycling functions. More ecologically meaningful studies of terrestrial microplastics encompassing multi‐species assemblages, critical ecological processes (e.g., biogeochemical cycles and pollination) and interactions with other anthropogenic stressors must be conducted. Addressing these knowledge gaps will provide a better understanding of microplastics as emerging global stressors and should lower the risk of ecological surprise in terrestrial ecosystems.
The complex association between migrants’ residential community choice and subjective well‐being: Evidence from urban China
Authors: Zou Jing , Deng Xiaojun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe subjective well‐being (SWB) of migrants is an important topic, while the research from the perspective of community choice is relatively rare. Using China Migrant Dynamic Survey, this study shows that migrants’ community choice is significantly positively associated with their SWB. The SWB level of migrants living in commercial housing, work unit housing, affordable housing, and urban villages is higher than migrants living in old housing communities, even after controlling endogeneity problems by using PSM and IV estimations. Based on utility theory, social capital theory, and social stratification theory, the in‐depth analysis reveals that living in different communities has varied underlying mechanisms on migrants’ SWB. Migrants living in commercial housing, work unit, and affordable housing have more local neighbors, participate in more social or community activities, spend more on local invitations and gifts. And their self‐identity is higher. These can improve their happiness level. However, migrants living in urban villages have different mechanisms, they interact more with homogenous groups (such as relatives, compatriots, or friends who migrate and work together) and seek more help from these groups, and also increase expenditures on local invitations and gifts to increase their SWB.
Evaluation of rheological properties, microstructure and water mobility in buns dough enriched in aleurone flour modified by enzyme combinations
Authors: Yang Mei , Li Nana , Wang Aixia , Tong Litao , Wang Lili , Yue Ying , Yao Jiansen , Zhou Sumei , Liu Liya 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThis study aimed to explore the differences between single enzyme and combined enzymes in improving buns dough quality characterised by changes in rheological properties, microstructure and water mobility. The results indicated that xylanase (60 μg g−1)–glucose oxidase (GOX) (40 μg g−1) and xylanase (60 μg g−1)–glucose oxidase (40 μg g−1)–cellulase (30 μg g−1)‐modified dough can improve the negative effects of the single enzyme on the dough in terms of extensibility, tenacity and stability, leading to the formation of a softer gluten matrix. This may be due to xylanase (60 μg g−1)–GOX (40 μg g−1) and xylanase (60 μg g−1)–GOX (40 μg g−1)–cellulase (30 μg g−1)‐modified dough reduced the free sulfhydryl and significantly increased water‐extractable arabinoxylan content (P < 0.05) and enhanced more less‐tightly bound water availability. The microstructure observation showed that xylanase (60 μg g−1)–GOX (40 μg g−1) and xylanase (60 μg g−1)–GOX (40 μg g−1)–cellulase (30 μg g−1) modified dough exhibited a more compact and continuous gluten matrix.
Update on pediatric metabolic and bariatric surgery
Authors: Gonzalez Dani O. , Michalsky Marc P. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe prevalence of childhood obesity has risen sharply over the last several decades and poses a significant threat to the health and well‐being of today's youth. Childhood‐onset obesity is associated with a number of cardiometabolic consequences, which contribute to diminished quality of life. Metabolic and bariatric surgery offers a powerful treatment paradigm with positive long‐term health effects. A growing body of literature supports the notion that earlier intervention in younger patients results in long‐term health benefits. The development of a multidisciplinary care model and best practice guidelines are central to providing optimal care for this vulnerable patient population. Although the outcomes of metabolic and bariatric surgery in pediatric patients are reassuring and support the ongoing utilization of this important treatment paradigm, a number of significant challenges remain regarding access to care. As the literature continues to support earlier intervention for youth with severe obesity, future efforts should address these challenges to ensure that eligible patients are referred in timely fashion.
Nurses’ core emergency competencies for COVID‐19 in China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Hongdan , Dong Shuju , He Li , Wang Rui , Long Shiyan , He Fengming , Tang Huairong , Feng Ling 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate nurses’ core emergency competencies for handling the coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) and analyse the factors associated with those competencies.BackgroundCOVID‐19 has become a major global public health event. Nursing staff have played an important role in COVID‐19 prevention and control. Understanding their emergency competencies for handling COVID‐19, and the potential disadvantages will help governments to develop targeted training policies and improve nurses’ capacities in relation to pandemics and emergency preparedness.IntroductionCOVID‐19 is a disastrous infectious disease, but the competencies of nurses in China to handle COVID‐19 have not been well documented.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey on nurses from 22 provinces of China in February 2020. The scores of self‐report questionnaires were used to analyse their competencies for core emergency care, and linear regression analysis was used to explore influential factors.ResultsA total of 2570 nurses participated. The study revealed that nurses had a good grasp of COVID‐19 knowledge, but the majority of nurses lacked experience in isolation ward work and emergency training. We found that age, professional title, work department, major work content, total work time, disaster rescue history, emergency training and infectious disease training were associated with core emergency competencies.ConclusionsChinese nurses were qualified for handling COVID‐19 but still need to strengthen the accumulation of practical experience.Implications for nursingNurses should actively participate in emergencies to strengthen their operational capacity, whether in training or actual practice.Implications for nursing/health policyManagers should improve relevant policies to ensure that nurses have more opportunities to participate in the practical training of health emergencies and explore effective training methods to improve the ability of nurses to respond to these.
Comparison of clockwise and counterclockwise right atrial flutter using high‐resolution mapping and automated velocity measurements
Authors: Yvorel Cedric , Da Costa Antoine , Lerebours Chloe , Guichard Jean B. , Viallon Gregory , Romeyer Cécile , Ferreira Thomas , Benali Karim , Isaaz Karl 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundOnly few studies have been performed that explore the electrophysiological differences between clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) right atrial (RA) cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI)‐dependent atrial flutter (AFL) using the high‐resolution Rhythmia mapping system.ObjectivesWe sought to compare CW and CCW CTI‐dependent AFL in pure right AFL patients (pts) using the ultra‐high‐definition (ultra‐HD) Rhythmia mapping system and we mathematically developed a cartography model based on automatic velocity RA measurements to identify electrophysiological AFL specificities.Methods and ResultsThirty‐three pts were recruited. The mean age was 71 ± 13 years old. The sinus venosus (SV) block line was present in 32/33 of cases (97%) and no significant difference was found between CCW and CW CTI AFL (100% vs. 91%; p = .7). No line was localized in the region of the crista terminalis (CT). A superior gap was present in the posterior line in 14/31 (45.2%) but this was similarly present in CCW AFL, when compared to CW AFL (10/22 [45.5%] vs. 4/10 [40%]; p = .9). When present, the extension of the posterior line of block was observed in 18/31 pts (58%) without significant differences between CCW and CW CI AFL (12/22 [54.5%] vs. 6/10 [60%]; p = .9) The Eustachian ridge line of block was similarly present in both groups (82% [18/22] vs. 45.5% [5/11]; p = .2). The absence of the Eustachian ridge line of block led to significantly slowed velocity in this area (28 ± 10 cm/s; n = 8), and the velocities were similarly altered between both groups (26 ± 10 [4/22] vs. 29.8 ± 11 cm/s [4/11]; p = .6). We created mathematical, three‐dimensional RA reconstruction‐velocity model measurements. In each block localization, when the block line was absent, velocity was significantly slowed (≤20 cm/s). A systematic slowdown in conduction velocity was observed at the entrance and exit of the CTI in 100% of cases. This alteration to the conduction entrance was localized at the lateral side of the CTI for the CCW AFL and at the septal side of the CTI for CW AFL. The exit‐conduction alteration was localized at the CTI septal side for the CCW AFL and at the CTI lateral side for the CW AFL.ConclusionThe ultra‐HD Rhythmia mapping system confirmed the absence of significant electrophysiological differences between CCW and CW AFL. The mechanistic posterior SV and Eustachian ridge block lines were confirmed in each arrhythmia. A systematic slowing down at the entrance and exit of the CTI was demonstrated in both CCW and CW AFL, but in reverse positions.
Smartphone‐based evaluation of awake bruxism behaviours in a sample of healthy young adults: findings from two University centres
Authors: Zani Alessandra , Lobbezoo Frank , Bracci Alessandro , Djukic Goran , Guarda‐Nardini Luca , Favero Riccardo , Ferrari Marco , Aarab Ghizlane , Manfredini Daniele 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA smartphone‐based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) strategy was used to assess the frequency of awake bruxism behaviours, based on the report of five oral conditions (ie relaxed jaw muscles, teeth contact, mandible bracing, teeth clenching and teeth grinding). One hundred and fifty‐three (N = 153) healthy young adults (mean ± SD age = 22.9 ± 3.2 years), recruited in two different Italian Universities, used a dedicated smartphone application that sent 20 alerts/day at random times for seven days. Upon alert receipt, the subjects had to report in real‐time one of the above five possible oral conditions. Individual data were used to calculate an average frequency of the study population for each day. For each condition, a coefficient of variation (CV) of frequency data was calculated as the ratio between SD and mean values over the seven recording days. Average frequency of the different behaviours over the seven days was as follows: relaxed jaw muscle, 76.4%; teeth contact, 13.6%; mandible bracing, 7.0%; teeth clenching, 2.5%; and teeth grinding, 0.5%. No significant differences were found in frequency data between the two University samples. The relaxed jaw muscles condition was more frequent in males (80.7 ± 17.7) than in females (73.4 ± 22.2). The frequency of relaxed jaw muscles condition over the period of observation had a very low coefficient of variation (0.27), while for the different awake bruxism behaviours, CV was in a range between 1.5 (teeth contact) and 4.3 (teeth grinding). Teeth contact was the most prevalent behaviour (57.5–69.7). Findings from this investigation suggest that the average frequency of AB behaviours over one week, investigated using EMA‐approach, is around 23.6%.
Examining social support, psychological status and health‐related quality of life in people receiving haemodialysis
Authors: Hoang Van Lan , Green Theresa , Bonner Ann 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundBeing on haemodialysis can lead to many burdens on patients' lives. Social support for patients is crucial; however, whether social support affects health outcomes including both depression, anxiety and health‐related quality of life is not well understood.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between social support, psychological status and health‐related quality of life of people undergoing haemodialysis.DesignA cross‐sectional study.ParticipantsConvenience sampling recruited 388 patients from one dialysis centre.MeasurementsSurvey data collected included demographic and clinical data, the Medical Outcomes Social Support Survey, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and Short‐Form Health Survey 36. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the direct and mediation effects of social support on health outcomes.ResultsParticipants' ages ranged from 19 to 84 years and most had undergone haemodialysis for more than 5 years (53.2%). Overall, there was a moderate level of social support, and although tangible support was high, emotional‐oriented support functions were missing. Participants reported a high level of anxiety, moderate levels of depression, mild levels of stress and impaired physical and mental health. Greater social support independently and positively affected mental health, and also reduced the negative influences of depression on the mental health component but not the physical health component. Social support, depression, anxiety and participation in social groups explained 48% of the variance in mental health.ConclusionsPeople undergoing haemodialysis require both tangible and emotional social support. When there is enough social support, there are positive effects on reducing depression and improving mental, but not physical health.
Advancing production of marine fish in the United States: Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, aquaculture
Authors: Stieglitz John D. , Hoenig Ronald H. , Baggett Jenna K. , Tudela Carlos E. , Mathur Shubham K. , Benetti Daniel D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe potential for marine aquaculture development in the United States is significant and recent factors have highlighted the benefits of developing a shortened seafood supply chain to service domestic markets. Marine finfish in particular hold tremendous potential as technological advancements, improvements in production efficiencies, and market forces have aligned to create opportunities for growth within this sector of the aquaculture industry. Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, also commonly known as the Japanese flounder or hirame, is a candidate species for the U.S. aquaculture industry, which has a demonstrated track record of culture success and high market value. Although cultivation of the species is novel to the United States, olive flounder has been produced commercially for decades in other regions, notably Korea and Japan. With a number of favorable production characteristics, including a relatively short growout time compared with other flatfish species, an efficient food conversion ratio, and a well‐established market presence, the species has been shown to be commercially viable. This study examines the opportunities for olive flounder to be developed in the United States, while also discussing the potential for land‐based recirculating aquaculture systems culture of this species in coastal areas to provide increased resilience for working waterfront communities.