bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postpartum Depression Screening for Mothers of Babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Berns Hannah M. , Drake Diana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background:
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent, yet underidentified, problem among mothers with babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Postpartum depression can result in immediate and long-term consequences for mother and baby. Screening, followed by early intervention, is critical for improvement and resolution. The purpose of the project was to initiate early screening for PPD among a high-risk population to identify and refer for early treatment.

Methods:
A screening and referral protocol was implemented using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), with consults as indicated to an onsite licensed professional clinical counselor. The nurse on the care team was responsible for initiating the screening after 2 weeks postpartum and placing a mental health referral as needed. Retrospective medical record reviews were conducted to determine whether timely screening was implemented among eligible mothers, and if referrals were made for those at-risk based on EPDS score.

Results:
Twenty-four percent of women screened were at increased risk for PPD based on their EPDS score, approximately double that of the general population (12.5%). All women with a positive screen had a referral placed and were seen by the licensed professional clinical counselor within 3 days.

Clinical Implications:
This project recognizes the importance of an interdisciplinary care approach and highlights the need for early identification and treatment for PPD among mothers with babies in the NICU. The project can guide future initiatives to increase the use of screening in the inpatient setting, to detect PPD during its early and more treatable stages.
Manual Dexterity Is Associated With Use of the Paretic Upper Extremity in Community-Dwelling Individuals With Stroke
Authors: Demartino Amanda Magalhães , Rodrigues Letícia Cardoso , Gomes Raquel Pinheiro , Michaelsen Stella Maris 
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:
Regarding people with stroke, simple outcome measures in clinical settings capable of representing the actual use of the upper extremity (UE) would be useful to rehabilitation professionals for the purposes of goal setting. This study seeks to describe the relative levels of paretic UE use, investigate the association between manual dexterity and task-related UE use, and to establish the manual dexterity cutoff points that correspond to relative levels of paretic UE use.

Methods:
Forty-six adults with chronic hemiparesis participated in this cross-sectional study. Behavioral mapping was employed to ascertain the actual amount of UE use by the identifying the unimanual and bimanual activities performed in the participants' homes within a 4-hour period. Participants were classified into 4 levels of paretic UE integration into activities considering the data from the behavioral mapping (activity, hand function, and type of grasp). The Box and Block Test (BBT) and the Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) were used to evaluate dexterity. The Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlations. In analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curve, we applied the Youden index to determine the cutoff points.

Results:
Participants with full/almost full (n = 11), partial (n = 12), and limited (n = 12) integration of the paretic UE into activities and with little/no use (n = 11) were identified. Unimanual and total paretic UE activities were found to have a high correlation with the BBT scores. The boundaries between the integration levels were between full/almost full and partial integration, BBT greater than 30 blocks or NHPT of 41 seconds and less; between partial and limited, BBT greater than 16 blocks; and between limited and little/no use, BBT greater than 3 blocks. Both tests show good accuracy (≥0.81).

Discussion and Conclusions:
The BBT presents a positive high correlation with paretic UE use at home and was shown to be better able to identify “limited” and “partial” integration of the paretic UE. Both tests can identify when the paretic UE is fully/almost fully integrated into activities at home.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A354).
Characteristics of Deaths With Evidence of Pathological Hoarding in Cook County 2017 to 2018
Authors: Waters David Michael , Eckhardt Michael , Eason Eric August 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hoarding disorder was recently recognized as an independent diagnosis; it is characterized by the accumulation of objects causing a functional impairment and is commonly associated with increased risk of injury or death. Limited data exist about deaths of persons found in hoarding environments. This study investigated the characteristics and circumstances surrounding deaths found in “hoarding” environments. Using the electronic record management system, a search for the term “hoard” from 2017 to 2018 identified 138 cases. The mean age was 67 years, 56% were male, 76% were White, and 86% of decedents lived alone. Decomposition was noted in 61% of cases. A full autopsy was performed in 36 cases (26%); natural was the most common manner of death (80%), followed by accident (14%). Cases in which hoarding was thought to be contributory to the cause of death occurred in 5 cases. A qualitative hoard evaluation was done on 29 cases (21%) with available photographs. A hoarding level was assigned using the Clutter Hoarding Scale with an average of 3.39/5. Overall, the analysis showed deaths in pathological hoarding environments appeared to impact all socioeconomic groups and was associated with increased risk of accidental death and being found in a state of decomposition.
The Association of Burnout and Vital Exhaustion With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Strikwerda Marije , Beulens Joline W. , Remmelzwaal Sharon , Schoonmade Linda J. , van Straten Annemieke , Schram Miranda T. , Elders Petra J. , Rutters Femke 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association of burnout and vital exhaustion with measures of glycemic control and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to April 2, 2020. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool. When possible, results were meta-analyzed using random-effects models and rated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Results
A total of 5317 titles/abstracts were screened, 140 articles were read full text, of which 29 studies were included. Eighteen studies were cross-sectional, three prospective and eight were case-control studies. Burnout and vital exhaustion were significantly associated with T2D, with a pooled odds ratio of 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4 to 2.4, I
2 = 79%; 9 studies). Glycated hemoglobin A1c levels were not significantly higher in people with burnout and vital exhaustion, compared to those without, with a pooled standardized mean difference of 0.35 (95% CI = −0.62 to 1.33, I
2 = 98%; 7 studies). In addition, no differences in glucose levels were observed (standardized mean difference = 0.02, 95% CI = −0.26 to 0.30, I
2 = 90%; 9 studies). Sensitivity analyses showed no decrease in heterogeneity when excluding studies with low quality (I
2
glucose = 89%) or studies with a study n < 40 population (I
2
T2D = 77%). The level of Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation evidence was moderate to low quality because of 18 studies having a cross-sectional design.

Conclusions
Burnout and vital exhaustion might be associated with a higher risk of T2D, but not with glycemic control. Methodological shortcomings and high heterogeneity of the studies included complicate the interpretation of our results.
Prevention strategies for congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Tol Isabel , Heath Paul T. , Khalil Asma 
Published: August 2021

Purpose of review
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common viral cause of congenital infection, occurring in approximately 1–2% of live births worldwide. Given our increasing knowledge of risk, advances in the identification of maternal infection, and the extremely limited options for the treatment of fetal infection, the prevention is a promising direction for research efforts. Recently, there have been several exciting studies assessing different ways of preventing congenital infection in the fetus and one in particular has focused on the use of valaciclovir.

Recent findings
A recent study reported a 71% reduction in vertical transmission of CMV with the use of oral valaciclovir following maternal primary CMV infection early in pregnancy. The clinical impact of this study could be enormous and it has particular implications for considerations around maternal serological screening in the first trimester of pregnancy. Further research assessing behaviour modifications during early pregnancy could also provide evidence for an effective primary prevention technique.

Summary
Prevention of congenital CMV infection, whether primary, secondary or tertiary, is possible, however, there are barriers to its utilisation in a clinical setting. The main limitation is the requirement for early, effective and large-scale serological screening of mothers to detect asymptomatic primary infection.
Arterial Occlusion After Hyaluronic Acid Injection
Authors: Hurkal Ozgur , Sibar Serhat , Cenetoglu Seyhan , Tuncer Serhan , Elmas Cigdem , Seymen Cemile Merve 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The most feared complication of the hyaluronic acid injections in the periorbital region is embolism of the central retinal artery. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of hyaluronidase administered intravenously (systemically) alone or in combination with streptokinase with that of intra-arterial revascularization. Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups. The bilateral oblique groin flap of the rats was raised; the right side was the experiment group, and the left side was the sham control. The right superficial epigastric artery was occluded with a hyaluronic acid injection. After occlusion, no additional procedures were performed in group 1, whereas group 2 received systemic hyaluronidase, group 3 received intra-arterial hyaluronidase, group 4 received systemic hyaluronidase and streptokinase, and group 5 received intra-arterial hyaluronidase and streptokinase. On the seventh day, the rats were killed, flap necrosis rate was calculated, and histological examination was performed. There was no significant difference in the necrosis rates of the rats in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 (P > 0.05). In histological evaluation, the histological view closest to normal arterial structure was observed in group 4. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the ischemia scores of systemic therapy were significantly lower than those of intra-arterial therapy. These results have shown that hyaluronidase and streptokinase administered systemically is as effective as intra-arterial revascularization and does not cause arterial wall degeneration. It has been shown that systemic administration of hyaluronidase and streptokinase is as successful as intra-arterial revascularization in the treatment of arterial embolism with hyaluronic acid.
Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment in Traumatic Facial Paralysis
Authors: Erkan Zeynel Abidin , Erkan Sanem Okşan , Tokucoglu Figen 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
In the etiology of facial nerve palsy, trauma is the most important. Our aim was to present our experience gained by evaluating the surgical approaches we have used in extratemporal and intratemporal facial nerve injuries and their long-term results, also to contribute to the consensus that will be formed on this subject.

Materials and Methods:
Thirteen patients among 24 patients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of traumatic facial paralysis were evaluated in this study. The clinical response of these patients to treatment was examined by classifying them according to the House-Brackmann classification in the preoperative and postoperative periods.

Results:
Of the 13 patients, 9 had fractures due to temporal bone trauma, and 4 had nerve damage in the extratemporal part of the facial nerve. in the treatment, facial nerve decompression was performed using the middle fossa approach in 9 patients with temporal bone fractures. in the 4 patients with extratemporal facial nerve injury, graft repair or primary suturing was performed. in the postoperative period, the stages of the patients were III or below in 12 patients (92%), and only 1 (8%) patient remained in stage IV.

Discussion:
When the postop conditions of the patients were examined according to House-Brackmann staging, it was observed that surgical treatment caused a significant improvement in the functions of the facial nerve.

Conclusions:
Our results showed that surgery was an effective treatment method in patients with indications for traumatic facial paralysis.
Burkitt Lymphoma Masquerading as Osteomyelitis: An Interesting Road to Diagnosis
Authors: Stanbouly Dani , Clark Matthew , Philipone Elizabeth 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a clinical form of BL that typically presents with abdominal and cervical lymph node involvement in male children. We present a rare case of disseminated sporadic BL of a 37-year-old female diagnosed via the workup in response to nonhealing tooth extraction sockets.
Application of Neck Lift Technique for Corrections of Concave Deformity and Scar Contracture After Tracheal Fenestration
Authors: Sakata Kensuke , Rikimaru Hideaki , Rikimaru-Nishi Yukiko , Migita Hisashi , Kiyokawa Kensuke 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Following a tracheostomy or tracheal fenestration procedure, neck concave deformity, and contracture after spontaneous closure are common problems. Since the neck is an exposed part of the body, its concave deformity can cause cosmetic problems and functional problems such as difficulty in neck extension and swallowing due to contracture. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who underwent tracheal fenestration for worsening respiratory status due to sepsis after aspiration pneumonia. After spontaneous closure of the tracheal fenestration, the patient developed a deformity of the neck, impaired neck extension, and dysphagia due to contracture. In this case, the submental sagging skin was used as a subcutaneous pedicle flap to correct the problem, and the result was both functionally and cosmetically satisfactory. We found that the submandibular skin could be used as a random pattern flap for reconstruction of the lower half of the neck. Therefore, this procedure can be an effective method for reconstruction around the tracheal stoma in the future.
A Single Institutional Review of Periauricular Vestiges and Renal Anomalies: The Role of Screening Renal Ultrasonography
Authors: Barbon Carlotta , Barone Angelo A. Leto , Harris Thomas G.W. , Pan Kristen S. , Redett Richard J. , Steinberg Jordan P. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Children with minor ear malformations including periauricular vestiges often undergo renal ultrasonography (RUS) to exclude renal anomalies associated with genetic conditions. The aim of this study is to assess the association between isolated periauricular vestiges and renal anomalies and delineate the indication for RUS in screening for renal anomalies. This is a retrospective review of infants who underwent surgical consultation for periauricular vestige excision to probe a possible relationship with renal anomalies. Patients with an isolated vestige were compared to patients presenting with additional clinical findings suggestive of a possible genetic disorder. A total of 150 infants underwent periauricular vestige excision; 47 were referred for RUS, 23 with no additional clinical findings, and 24 with periauricular vestiges in addition to other suspicious clinical and/or developmental findings. Of these 47 patients, 10 had renal anomalies: 4 (17.4%) with an isolated periauricular vestige had minor anomalies and 6 (25.0%) with a vestige plus suspicious clinical signs had 5 minor anomalies and one major anomaly. The odds of a patient with an isolated periauricular vestige having positive RUS findings were not significantly different than a patient with additional clinical findings having positive RUS findings (P = 0.72).
The incidence of renal anomalies in infants with an isolated periauricular vestige was similar to that in patients with associated clinical signs suggestive of a possible genetic disorder. This was higher than the background population rate. Although most anomalies in patients with isolated ear findings were minor, our results suggest routine screening RUS should be considered.
Liver Venous Deprivation or Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy?
Authors: Chebaro Alexandre , Buc Emmanuel , Durin Thibault , Chiche Laurence , Brustia Raffaele , Didier Alexandre , Pruvot François-René , Kitano Yuki , Muscari Fabrice , Lecolle Katia , Sulpice Laurent , Sonmez Ercin , Bougard Marie , El Amrani Mehdi , Sommacale Daniele , Maulat Charlotte , Ayav Ahmet , Adam René , Laurent Christophe , Truant Stéphanie 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
To compare 2 techniques of remnant liver hypertrophy in candidates for extended hepatectomy: radiological simultaneous portal vein embolization and hepatic vein embolization (HVE); namely LVD, and ALPPS.

Background:
Recent advances in chemotherapy and surgical techniques have widened indications for extended hepatectomy, before which remnant liver augmentation is mandatory. ALPPS and LVD typically show higher hypertrophy rates than portal vein embolization, but their respective places in patient management remain unclear.

Methods:
All consecutive ALPPS and LVD procedures performed in 8 French centers between 2011 and 2020 were included. The main endpoint was the successful resection rate (resection rate without 90-day mortality) analyzed according to an intention-to-treat principle. Secondary endpoints were hypertrophy rates, intra and postoperative outcomes.

Results:
Among 209 patients, 124 had LVD 37 [13,1015] days before surgery, whereas 85 underwent ALPPS with an inter-stages period of 10 [6, 69] days. ALPPS was mostly-performed for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), LVD for CRLM and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Hypertrophy was faster for ALPPS. Successful resection rates were 72.6% for LVD ± rescue ALPPS (n = 6) versus 90.6% for ALPPS (P < 0.001). Operative duration, blood losses and length-of-stay were lower for LVD, whereas 90-day major complications and mortality were comparable. Results were globally unchanged for CRLM patients, or after excluding the early 2 years of experience (learning-curve effect).

Conclusions:
This study is the first 1 comparing LVD versus ALPPS in the largest cohort so far. Despite its retrospective design, it yields original results that may serve as the basis for a prospective study.
Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Retinal Vasculopathy With Cerebral Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Manifestations: A Monogenic Small Vessel Disease
Authors: de Boer Irene , Steenmeijer Sylvie R. , Pelzer Nadine , Al-Nofal Mays , Dijkman Greet , Notting Irene C. , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is a monogenic small vessel disease caused by mutations in TREX1. Several organs, including retina and brain, are affected. Analyzing retinal anatomy is increasingly used as a biomarker for ophthalmological and neurological disorders (due to the shared embryological origin of retina and brain). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a noninvasive cross-sectional visualization of optic disc and macula. We aimed to use OCT to investigate retinal layer thickness in RVCL-S.

Methods:
Cross-sectional, 17 TREX1 mutation carriers (34 eyes) and 9 controls (18 eyes) underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic assessment followed by spectral domain OCT for measuring peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and total macular volume (TMV). Secondary outcomes included measuring thickness of individual macular retinal layers and peripapillary sectors. Findings were analyzed using generalized estimating equations to account for intereye correlation.

Results:

TREX1 mutation carriers had decreased pRNFL thickness (median [interquartile range] 76 [60–99] vs 99 [87–108] µm, P < 0.001) and TMV (8.1 [7.4–8.5] vs 8.7 [8.4–8.8] mm3, P = 0.006) compared with controls. With the exception of the temporal sector, the thickness of all peripapillary sectors was decreased in TREX1 mutation carriers. Ganglion cell layer (30 [22–37] vs 39 [36–41] µm, P < 0.001) and inner plexiform layer (27 [24–34] vs 34 [31–35], P = 0.001) were thinner in TREX1 mutation carriers. Notably, in 9 of 12 eyes with normal funduscopic examination, retinal thinning was already detected.

Conclusions:
RVCL-S, which may serve as a vascular retinopathy model, is associated with retinal thinning in the peripapillary and macular area. OCT findings can potentially serve as early biomarkers for RVCL-S and other vascular retinopathies.
The spider cuticle: a remarkable material toolbox for functional diversity
Authors: Politi Yael , Bertinetti Luca , Fratzl Peter , Barth Friedrich G. 
Published: August 2021

Engineered systems are typically based on a large variety of materials differing in composition and processing to provide the desired functionality. Nature, however, has evolved materials that are used for a wide range of functional challenges with minimal compositional changes. The exoskeletal cuticle of spiders, as well as of other arthropods such as insects and crustaceans, is based on a combination of chitin, protein, water and small amounts of organic cross-linkers or minerals. Spiders use it to obtain mechanical support structures and lever systems for locomotion, protection from adverse environmental influences, tools for piercing, cutting and interlocking, auxiliary structures for the transmission and filtering of sensory information, structural colours, transparent lenses for light manipulation and more. This paper illustrates the ‘design space’ of a single type of composite with varying internal architecture and its remarkable capability to serve a diversity of functions.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)’.
Colonization versus encapsulation in cell-laden materials design: porosity and process biocompatibility determine cellularization pathways
Authors: Parisi Cleo , Qin Kankan , Fernandes Francisco M. 
Published: August 2021

Seeding materials with living cells has been—and still is—one of the most promising approaches to reproduce the complexity and the functionality of living matter. The strategies to associate living cells with materials are limited to cell encapsulation and colonization, however, the requirements for these two approaches have been seldom discussed systematically. Here we propose a simple two-dimensional map based on materials' pore size and the cytocompatibility of their fabrication process to draw, for the first time, a guide to building cellularized materials. We believe this approach may serve as a straightforward guideline to design new, more relevant materials, able to seize the complexity and the function of biological materials.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)’.