bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tryptase Profile of the Rat Skin Mast Cell Population During the Wound Healing
Authors: Shishkina V. V. , Klochkova S. V. , Alexeeva N. T. , Soboleva M. Yu. , Esaulenko D. I. , Antakova L. N. , Gerasimova O. A. , Samodurova N. Yu. , Samoilenko T. V. 
Published: January 2021

Mast cells cyclically synthesize and excrete a wide range of biogenesis products with different biological activities into the extracellular matrix and are regulators of local homeostasis both in normal conditions and in pathology – inflammation, oncogenesis, etc. The relative specificity of classical histochemical methods for detecting mast cells in relation to chromogenic to substrates causes certain difficulties in the selective study of the components of the secretome of mast cells, for example, heparin, histamine, chymase or tryptase. Therefore, immunomorphological techniques have become very popular, which identify specific substrates and allow differentiation of the components of the mast cell secretome. Mediators produced by mast cells promote neoangiogenesis, fibrillogenesis and re-epithelialization during the repair process.The aim of our work was to study the tryptase profile of the mast cell population of rat skin during the wound processusing an original combined method of immunohistochemical staining.Material and methods. The experiment involved 12 Wistar rats divided into two groups – intact (n=6) and with the existing wound process of the skin in the withers (n=6). The tryptase profile of mast cells was assessed on the 7th day of the wound process in comparison with the control group.Results. The results obtained showed a significant increase in the number of tryptase-positive mast cells on the 7th day of the wound process in the skin against the background of a general increase in the population of mast cells. Intragranular tryptase reserve was significantly increased. In contrast to the control, where mast cells with single tryptase-positive granules dominated, during the wound process, cells of this type were practically not detected in the skin (43.69±2.9% and 8.55±0.9%). The content of tryptase-positive mast cells with complete filling of the cytoplasm in the control group and the group of animals with a wound process was 14.24±1.2% and 38.03±2.9%, respectively.Conclusion. Thus, when modeling a wound, an increase in tryptase synthesis is detected both in individual MCs and within the entire MC population. This fact indicates that mast cell proteases can become a potential therapeutic target for improving wound regeneration by correcting immunogenesis, inflammation and fiber formation.
Aprendizaje automático para detección de problemas cognitivos: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Rodriguez Guillermo , Díaz Valeria 
Published: January 2021

La detección de problemas cognitivos, especialmente en las primeras etapas, es crítico y el método con el cual se diagnostica es manual y depende de uno o varios médicos especialistas para diagnosticarse. A la vez que el deterioro cognitivo escala entra en la primera etapa de demencia, como por ejemplo la enfermedad Alzheimer (EA). Las primeras etapas de la EA son muy similares al Deterioro Cognitivo Leve, por esto es fundamental poder identificar los posibles factores asociados con la enfermedad. Actualmente la EA es la sexta causa de muerte en los Estados Unidos y se espera que para el 2050 las personas de 65 años con EA aumenten a 13.8 billones. En este artículo se presenta una revisión de la literatura en la que se describe cómo los algoritmos de Machine Learning ofrecen un método alternativo para la detección y clasificación de variables sobre el diagnóstico de enfermedades cognitivas.
Neo-globalization Revisited: The Contours of a New Global Economic Order
Authors: Namaki M S S El 
Published: January 2021

<p>Disruption induces disequilibrium. Today’s global economy is the case in point. Powerful sources of disruption are undermining classic premises of global economic equilibrium and, in the process, changing the contours of the world economy. Long cherished globalization premises of free market, open economy, small government, private initiative, and deregulation are being challenged. Sources of this challenge are numerous. There are government and corporate debt, extreme individualism, high industry concentration, slanted income and wealth distribution, self-serving industry practices, and above all self-centered trade policies.</p><p>What has gone wrong and is there a way out of this dark environment is the focus of this article. The article addresses the need and premises of a Neo-globalization. It addressed, as a point of start, the failures of the existing paradigm and moves on to address premises for a Neo-globalization.</p>
Locked Inside: Senior Citizens during Pandemic
Authors: Sibal Vatika 
Published: January 2021

<p>The right to the city, the right to livelihood, the right to move, the right to work, the right to being in a place have all got disrupted in the past few months. The unprecedented crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has sent waves of anxiety and panic throughout the world. The infection does not seem to spare any age group but the elderly are at a higher risk. Elder abuse is a universal pervasive problem of paramount public health importance that garners little attention. Elders suffer from abuse in various ways, like physical, psychological, sexual, material exploitation, and neglect, by their trustworthy caregivers. The elderly face social isolation and one need various ways to mitigate the adverse effects of social isolation. Potential risk factors are social isolation, cognitive impairment, traumatic life events, and dependence on abusers, poor physical and mental health and low social support are some of the concerns.</p><p>Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant social restrictive measures such as lockdown in most places throughout the world, elderly abuse has increased to a great extent. This paper discusses plausible reasons and various socio-cultural factors of elderly abuse. It could lead to the possibility of a menace into a ‘social pandemic’ in the future.</p>
Amphibian diversity in the Waterfall of Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra
Authors: Samitra Dian , Rozi Zico Fakhrur 
Published: January 2021

Lubuklinggau has many natural location that supports life of amphibians. Temam and Sando waterfall area were part of them. This study aims to determine diversity amphibian in the Temam and Sando Waterfall, Lubuklinggau City. The study was conducted from June to July 2020. The collection data used Visual Encounter Survey (VES) techniques and time search. he data were analyzed using relative abundance, and indexes of diversity, evenness, similarity, and dominance. 11 species of amphibians belonging to 5 families were found during the study. Odorrana hosii was found mostly during the study. Amphibian diversity in the waterfall of Lubuklinggau City was categorized as low.
Vine mealybugs disrupt biomass allocation in grapevine
Authors: Schulze-Sylvester Maria , Corronca José Antonio , Paris Carolina Ivon 
Published: January 2021

Vine mealybug Planococcus ficus Signoret (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an important phloem-feeding pest species in many grapevine producing areas worldwide. The economic damage of P. ficus is thought to be mainly caused by sooty mould on infested grape clusters and transmission of plant viruses. Direct damage caused by mealybug feeding to grapevine plants (Vitis vinifera, L.) has only been vaguely described or otherwise completely discarded. The present study is the first to give an insight into the direct impacts of P. ficus on vegetative growth and biomass dynamics of grapevine plants. In a screenhouse, three-year-old, potted grapevine plants were infested with mealybugs at two different densities, imitating high and low field infestation levels. Mealybug numbers, plant biomass, leaf area, leaf size and leaf number were monitored over six months and compared to a control treatment without mealybugs. High infestation levels reduced leaf and stem biomass by one third, while low levels of P. ficus impacted only stem biomass, indicating a higher sensibility of the perennial parts of the plant or a reallocation of biomass. Leaf area, size and number were not affected by mealybug feeding.In conclusion, grapevine response to P. ficus is gradual and involves different plant parts depending on the severity of the attack. Contrary to previous assumptions, this study demonstrates considerable direct impacts of mealybug feeding on temporal and perennial parts of grapevine plants.
DEVELOPMENT OF E-MODULES IN ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSES WITH THE BIM SYSTEM BUILDING MODELING APPLICATION
Authors: Setiami Rista , Maulana Arris 
Published: January 2021

This research was aimed to develop e-modules on Drawing Engineering Course at Building Engineering Education Study Program so that college students can improve their understanding about BIM and the use of Autodesk Revit Software. The research method used Research and Development (R&D) with ADDIE research model. (1) Analyze, distributed needs analysis questionnaires. (2) Design, carryed out concept design, display, and e-modules material. (3) Development, realized and validated e-modules. (4) Implementation, conducted limited trials and distributed college student response questionnaires. (5) Evaluation, processed the results of trials and the results of college student responses. The result of media expert validation was 83% (very decent). The result of theory expert validation was 91% (very decent). The results of college student responses was 79% (decent). The significance value (2-tailed) of t test was 0.017 it indicated there were changes between the result of pretest and the result of post test. Then, t value was -3,292 which meant that the change was significant.
Development of a decision support intervention for family members of adults who lack capacity to consent to trials
Authors: Shepherd Victoria , Wood Fiona , Griffith Richard , Sheehan Mark , Hood Kerenza 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInformed consent is required for participation in clinical trials, however trials involving adults who lack capacity to consent require different enrolment processes. A family member usually acts as a proxy to make a decision based on the patient’s ‘presumed will’, but these decisions can be challenging and families may experience an emotional and decisional burden. Decisions made on behalf of others are conceptually different from those made for ourselves. Innovations have been developed to improve informed consent processes for research, including a number of decision aids, however there are no interventions for proxies who are faced with more complex decisions. This article outlines the development of a novel decision aid to support families making decisions about research participation on behalf of an adult who lacks capacity to consent. MethodsDecision support interventions should be developed using rigorous and evidence-based methods. This intervention was developed using MRC guidance for the development of complex interventions, and a conceptual framework for the development and evaluation of decision aids for people considering taking part in a clinical trial. The intervention was informed by a systematic review and analysis of existing information provision. Previous qualitative research with families who acted as proxies enabled the development of a theoretical framework to underpin the intervention. The intervention was iteratively developed with the involvement of lay advisors and relevant stakeholders. ResultsPrevious research, theoretical frameworks, and decision aid development frameworks were used to identify and develop the intervention components. The decision aid includes information about the proxy’s role and utilises a values clarification exercise and decision support methods to enable a more informed and better-quality decision. Stakeholders, including those representing implementers and receivers of the intervention, contributed to the design and comprehensibility of the decision aid to ensure that it would be acceptable for use.ConclusionsFrameworks for the development of decision aids for people considering participating in a clinical trial can be used to develop interventions for family members acting as proxy decision-makers. The decision support tool is acceptable to users. Feasibility testing and outcome measure development is required prior to any evaluation of its effectiveness.
There is no Dose-response Relationship between Allogeneic Blood Transfusion and Healthcare-associated Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lv Yu , Xiang Qian , Lin Jia , Jin Ying Zong , Fang Ying , Cai Hong M , Wei Qiong D , Wang Hui , Wang Chen , Chen Jing , Ye Jian , Xie Caixia , Li Ting L , Wu Yu J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background The association between allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) and healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is considered dose-dependent. However, this association may be confounded by transfusion duration, as prolonged hospitalization stay increases the risk of HAI. Also, it is not clear whether specific blood products have different dose-response risks.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, a logistic regression was used to identify confounding factors, and the association between specific blood products and HAI were analyzed. Then Cox regression and restricted cubic spline regression was used to visualize the hazard of HAI per transfusion product.Results Of 215338 inpatients observed, 4.16% were transfused with a single component blood product. With regard to these transfused patients, 480 patients (5.36 %) developed a HAI during their hospitalization stay. Logistic regression showed that red blood cells (RBCs) transfusion, platelets transfusion and fresh-frozen plasmas (FFPs) transfusion were risk factors for HAI [odds ratio (OR) 1.893, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.656–2.163; OR 8.903, 95% CI 6.646–11.926 and OR 1.494, 95% CI 1.146–1.949, respectively]. However, restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that there was no statistically dose-response relationship between different transfusion products and the onset of HAI.Conclusions RBCs transfusion, platelets transfusion and FFPs transfusion were associated with HAI, but there was no dose-response relationship between them.
Large-area synthesis of nanoscopic catalyst-decorated conductive MOF film using microfluidic-based solution shearing
Authors: Kim Jin-Oh , Koo Won-Tae , Kim Hanul , Park Chungseong , Hutomo Calvin , Choi Siyoung Q. , Kim Il-Doo , Park Steve 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Conductive metal-organic framework (C-MOF) thin-films have a wide variety of potential applications in the field of electronics, sensors, and energy devices. The immobilization of various functional species within the pores of C-MOFs can further improve the performance and extend the potential applications of C-MOFs thin-films. However, there are currently no effective strategies for facile and scalable synthesis of high quality ultra-thin C-MOFs while simultaneously immobilizing functional species within the MOF pores. Here, we develop microfluidic channel-embedded solution-shearing (MiCS) for ultra-fast (≤ 5 mm/s) and large-area synthesis of high-quality nanocatalyst-embedded C-MOF thin-films with thickness controllability down to tens of nanometers. The MiCS method synthesizes nanoscopic catalyst-embedded C-MOF particles within the microfluidic channels, and simultaneously grows catalyst-embedded C-MOF thin-film uniformly over a large area using solution shearing. The thin-film displays highest nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing properties at room temperature in air amongst two-dimensional materials, owing to the high surface area and porosity of the ultra-thin C-MOFs, and the catalytic activity of the nanoscopic catalysts embedded in the C-MOFs. Therefore, our method, i.e. MiCS, can open new avenues of highly active and conductive porous materials for various applications.
Tension Release Therapy: The Development of a New Integrated Behavioural Intervention for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Preece Stephen , Brookes Nathan , Williams Anita , Jones Richard , Starbuck Chelsea , Jones Anthony , Walsh Nicola 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Exercise-based approaches have been a cornerstone of physiotherapy management of knee osteoarthritis for many years. However, the magnitude of clinical effect is considered small to modest and the need for continued adherence identified as a barrier to clinical efficacy. While many exercise-based approaches incorporate an educational/coping component alongside muscle strengthening, there has been no previous attempt to integrate psychological techniques with muscle retraining. Building on these ideas, the aim of this study was to create a new integrated behavioural intervention for knee osteoarthritis, suitable for delivery by a physiotherapist.Methods: Through literature review, we created a framework linking theory from pain science with emerging biomechanical concepts related to knee muscle co-contraction. Using recognised behaviour change theory, we then mapped a set of intervention components which were iteratively developed through ongoing testing and consultation with users.Results: The underlying framework incorporated ideas related to central sensitisation to pain, maladaptive motor responses to pain and also focused on the idea that increased knee muscle co-contraction could result from changes in postural tone. Building on these ideas, we created an intervention with five components: making sense of pain, general relaxation, postural deconstruction, responding differently to pain and functional muscle retraining. The intervention incorporated a range of animated instructional videos to communicate concepts related to pain and biomechanical theory and also used EMG biofeedback to enable patients to visualise muscle patterns. User feedback was positive with patients describing the intervention as enabling them to “create a new normal” and to be “in control of their own treatment.” Furthermore, large reductions in pain were observed from 11 patients who received a full prototype version of the intervention. Conclusion: We have created a new intervention for knee osteoarthritis, designed to empower individuals with capability and motivation to change muscle patterns and beliefs associated with pain. Preliminary feedback and clinical indications are positive, and this motivates future large-scale trials to understand potential efficacy. It is possible that this new approach could bring about improvements in the pain associated with knee osteoarthritis without the need for continued adherence to a muscle strengthening programme. Trial Registration: ISRCTN51913166 (Registered 24-02-2020, Retrospectively registered)
Overexpression of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 (KLF4) Inhibits the Proliferation of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Through ERK1/2 Signaling Under Hypoxia Environment
Authors: Shi Yiwei , Qin Xiaojiang , Hou Xiaomin , Gao Anqi , Hao Yuxuan , Xu Xinrong , Chai Lina , Guo Yunting , Zhao Liangyuan , Du Xuefeng , Zeng Chao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background This study is designed to examine the role of Krüppel-like factor 4 in mediating the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and the underlying mechanisms. Methods Experiments were conducted using PASMCs isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats. The cells were divided into 24 h group, 48 h group and 72 h group according to different hypoxia treatment time. For specific inhibition of the ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways, PASMCs were treated with the ERK1/2-specific inhibitor. KLF4 was cloned from plasmid into the eukaryotic expression vector and transfected into PASMCs for KLF4 overexpression and was transfected into PASMCs for KLF4 knockdown. Results PASMCs dedifferentiation and proliferation phenotypes under hypoxia conditioned culture were not synchronous. Overexpression of KLF4 attenuated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-mediated proliferative signals in PASMCs. Knockdown of KLF4 expression resulted in increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and significantly increased hypoxia-induced PASMCs proliferation, while p38 did not change and showed no influence on proliferation during the above process. Conclusions Our results indicate for the first time that KLF4 plays inhibitor role through activating ERK1/2 in PASMCs proliferation under hypoxia condition, expanding existing reports on the participation of KLF4 in the development of HPH. Our findings may provide pharmacological targets for therapy of HPH.
Human Cell-dependent, Directional, Time-dependent Changes in the Mono- and Oligonucleotide Compositions of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes
Authors: Iwasaki Yuki , Abe Takashi , Ikemura Toshimichi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWhen a virus that has grown in a nonhuman host starts an epidemic in the human population, human cells may not provide growth conditions ideal for the virus. Therefore, the invasion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is usually prevalent in the bat population, into the human population is thought to have necessitated changes in the viral genome for efficient growth in the new environment. In the present study, to understand host-dependent changes in coronavirus genomes, we focused on the mono- and oligonucleotide compositions of SARS-CoV-2 genomes and investigated how these compositions changed time-dependently in the human cellular environment. We also compared the oligonucleotide compositions of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses prevalent in humans or bats to investigate the causes of changes in the host environment.ResultsTime-series analyses of changes in the nucleotide compositions of SARS-CoV-2 genomes revealed a group of mono- and oligonucleotides whose compositions changed in a common direction for all clades, even though viruses belonging to different clades should evolve independently. Interestingly, the compositions of these oligonucleotides changed towards those of coronaviruses that have been prevalent in humans for a long period and away from those of bat coronaviruses.ConclusionsClade-independent, time-dependent changes are thought to have biological significance and should relate to viral adaptation to a new host environment, providing important clues for understanding viral host adaptation mechanisms.
delta-Melt: Nucleic acid conformational penalties from melting experiments
Authors: Al-Hashimi Hashim , Rangadurai Atul , Shi Honglue , Xu Yu , Liu Bei , Assi Hala Abou , Zhou Huiqing , Kimsey Isaac 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Thermodynamic propensities of biomolecules to adopt non-native conformations are crucial for understanding how they function, but prove difficult to measure experimentally. Combining optical melting experiments with chemical modifications and mutations, we developed delta-Melt for measuring the energetic penalties associated with nucleic acid conformational rearrangements and how they vary with sequence and physiological conditions. delta-Melt is fast, simple, cost effective, and can characterize conformational penalties inaccessible to conventional biophysical methods.