bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspects of Bio-Economic Revolution in Agriculture
Authors: SANDU Mariana , IPATE Iudith , POP Oana - Ioana , CHIRIÅ¢ESCU Vergina , KRUSZLICIKA Mihaela 
Published: December 2021

Revolution, especially in science, will always be regarded with anxiety because nothing can be more terrible than the fear of a creative mind to see, after years in which he painstakingly built and effort building your own system, placed the foundation of what was thought to be granite truth, that a heretic, came amiss, it looks like a mysterious magician, his certainty that the stone was just an illusion, a disguised form of nothingness. In saying this, to reach a truly exceptional, postulated by Romanian and universal whileÂ Nicholas Georgescu - Roegen , a vision which alone would be enough to put this so little known, however, thinker, the genius category. It isÂ the distinction between growth and developmentÂ Â Â , two words so often confused and sometimes used in theory and practice of economic thought. It essentially says N. Georgescu - Roegen - in the footsteps of his master's from Harvard, Joseph A. Schumpeter, "Â growth is to produce more, develop, produce different ". Dominated by the idea of perpetual accumulation, mankind has been for centuries and longer still, in constant pursuit for the "more", without understanding the truth that, in fact, natural purpose is "to be" in a context of quality - and morally - superior. Escape the trap of this "more", with its subsidiary "faster" as a solution to living better and more complete quality is necessary and possible. The starting point in bio-economic theory of N. Georgescu - Roegen was the finding that the survival of mankind has a problem entirely different from that of other species is neither exclusively biological nor exclusively economic: is bio-economic characteristics and traits depend on many asymmetries that exist between the three sources of entropy which together form the heritage of humanity - free energy, received from the sun, on the one hand, and free energy and materials ordered structures hidden in the bowels of the earth, on the other.Â Systems bio-economic farming involves all elements: water, air, soil, climate, plants, animals, etc., creating natural products, whether we call organic, biological, organic, etc.. Development and use growing as scientific knowledge, research, emphasizes rationality in economic activity, thus ensuring the premise to increase economic efficiency in bio-economic conditions.
Forage productivity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in the pedo-climatic conditions from
Authors: STAVARACHE Mihai , VáŽNTU Vasile , SAMUIL Costel , MUNTIANU Iulian , POPOVICI Constantin Iulian , CIOBANU Ciprian 
Published: December 2021

The research in the period 2010-2011, within the Ezareni Farm from Iasi, were focused on the influence of inoculation, fertilization and harvesting growth stage on the leaf/shoot ratio and dry matter (DM) yield, at alfalfa (Â medicago sativa L.) in the second year after sowing at the first harvest. The results indicated that the interaction between inoculation, fertilization and harvesting growth stage determined increases of yield in the range of 23-110%. The control plot where fertilization was not applied, without inoculation, which was harvested at early bud registered the lowest yield, 3.21 t/ha D.M., and the biggest yield (6.72 t/ha) was registered at the plot with inoculation, fertilized with NÂ 75P50, harvested at 10% blooming. The leaves/shoots ratio registered differences in the range of +11% to -42%, accordingly to the interaction between the inoculation, fertilization and harvesting growth stage. The highest leaves/shoots ratio, 0.64% was observed at the plot with inoculation, unfertilized, harvested late bloom, and the lowest leaves/shoots ratio (0.33) was observed at the plot without inoculation, fertilized with NÂ 75P50 harvested at full bloom.
Ecological Characterization (According to U, T, R) of Festuco rubrae - Agrostietum
Authors: VOSGAN Zorica , VIDICAN Roxana , MARIAN Monica , MIHALESCU Lucia , MARE ROSCA Oana , DUMUTA Anca 
Published: December 2021

The pasture of Åžurdești villageÂ is situated in the north-west of Maramures County, at 600- 900 meters altitude, on slightly sloped soils (5-30Â 0). The present study aims to research the preferences of the species of a vegetal association,Â Festuco rubrae - Agrostietum capillaris Horvat 1951, for the main environmental factors: humidity (U), air temperature (T), and soil reaction (R). The analysis of ecological groups contributes to a better understanding of the adaptive and evolutionary process of plant communities in relation to environmental factors. The ecological characteristics of the plant association will be explained according to pedoclimatic conditions and based on the analysis of the response of species to the environment condition, in order to take corrective measures for agricultuÂ reâ€™s improvement. The floristic composition is large (74 species) in 10 relevÃ© analyzed. The ecological spectrum emphasizes a dominance of mesophilic species (37.84%) in the vegetal association. Reported to the heat index there are micro-mesothermal plants (43.24%), followed by amphitolerant species 37.84%, and reported to the chemical reactions in the soil euriionic species (56.76%) to weak acid-neutrophil species (16.22%) are distinguished. In the Romanian Carpathians the meadows withÂ Festuca rubra and Agrostis capillaris have a wide spread, with
Characterization of Botrytis cinerea Pers. Isolates and their Biological Control with
Authors: MICLEA Raluca Vasilica , PUIA Carmen Emilia 
Published: December 2021

Gray mould fungus,Â Botrytis cinerea is a plant pathogenic fungus with an extensive host range that causes damage to a wide range of crops including vegetables, soft fruit, ornamental plants and grapevines. Control of fungal diseases is a key problem in agriculture worldwide. To develop effective controls for this gray mould, various characteristics ofÂ Botrytis cinerea Pers., such as its life cycle and mode of infection, must be determined. Epidemiological studies are difficult because of the genetic and phenotypic variability within this species. Under this consideration the purpose of our study was the observation of the fungus cultural and morphological characteristics but also the testing of the antifungal effect of some plant hydroalcoholic extract.Â In our experiments weâ€™ve identified and isolated the pathogenÂ Botrytis cinerea Pers., inoculated it on three culture media and we observed the growth rate of the colonies, the sporulation and sclerotia appearance, the shapes and the dimensions of conidia, the number and distribution of the sclerotia. The different extracts in three different concentrations were teÂ sted in 80 mm diameter Petri plates incubated at 25ÂºC and assessed after three, six and nine days of incubation. Plates were examined for the presence or the absence of the colony growth and the diameters of the colonies were measured establishing the colony area and the inhibition percent of the tested plant extracts.
Aspects Concerning External Morphology of the Monarthropalpus Buxi Species
Authors: SOPORAN Cristina , OLTEAN Ion , FLORIAN Teodora 
Published: December 2021

The aspects of external morphology in theÂ Monarthopalpus buxi species (Rubsaamen) - (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are important in recognizing and distinguishing this species among other pests, and then in establishing strategies for prevention and fight against this pest. With the purpose of studying morphological aspects, the biological material, that is eggs, larvae, chrysalis, adults, has been collected from theÂ Buxus serpenvirens bushes considered for the study. The biological material has been collected on the leaves (egg, larva, adult), whilst the chrysalis from the interior of the leaf, nearby the median nervure, with the help of utensils (brushes, bolds, spatula, scalpel, scissors). The adults have been captured with the help of colored panels and a brush with 70% alcohol, on leaves, and then introduced in sterile test-tubes with 70% alcohol, and ultimately brought in the laboratory for photos. The eggs and larvae have been collected directly on leaves; three small branches have been collected from each bush and brought in the laboratory for photos within one hour. The chrysalis has been collected from the interior of the leaf; 10 leaves have been collected from eachÂ Buxus serpenvirens bush considered for the study, and dissected in the laboratory with the help of two entomological bolds, and then photographed. The photos have been made in the laboratory, at the University of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences in Cluj-Napoca, with a binocular magnifying-glass type Motic (Szm-143, Input 220-240 Vac) and a Sony (Zeiss-Carl, 7,2 Mega pixel, Full Hd-1080) camera.
Results on Economic Efficiency in Growing Artichokes in Climatic Conditions
Authors: DUDA Simona , MUNTEAN Leon Sorin , DUDA Marcel M. 
Published: December 2021

In this paper we present results of the research made between 2008-2010 on the effectiveness of soil fertilization with organic fertilizers and value cultivars tested, in terms of production. Experiences had been located in the experimental field of Jucu, CJ. We took four cultivation of artichokesÂ in the study: â€œUnireaâ€, â€œVioletâ€, â€œAgrosel 656â€ and â€œChișnÄƒâ€. They were placed in the experimental field of Jucu - Cluj, made in two densities (3.57 pl/sqm and 2.38 pl/sqm) and three levels of fertilization (unfertilized, fertilized with 20 t/ha farmyard manure and 40 t/ha manure in the fall plowing). The sowing was performed manually in the artichokes nests (2-3 seeds/nest). The experience was located in four repetitions of 10 sqm. Biometric measurements were conducted at 10 plants in each plot experimental environments. Harvesting has been done manually with a sickle. Economic efficiency was established by calculating the following economic indicators: production per hectare achieved, value of trading, average price recovery, cost of production, cost per unit of product, taxable profit, net income + grants, rate is expressed as %, net profit + subsidy rate. From the cultivars studied, the highest net profit was obtained in cultivation Unirea (8,976 lei/ha), followed by far by the Purple (6,745 lei/ha). The main driver of profit was due to the production of plant material. From the three agrofunds, the ones fertilized with 40 t / ha manure turned out to be the most economically efficient of all cultivars due to higher production per hectare.
Researches about the Assessment of Wastes Recycling Potential from
Authors: ILUÅ¢IU â€“ VARVARA Dana â€“ Adriana 
Published: December 2021

The total quantity of wastes generated by metallurgical industry continues to grow. The storage of these wastes involves: occupying large areas of land; pollution potential of all environmental factors; expenses related to land storage etc. In order to eliminate the disadvantages entailed by the storage of metallurgical wastes one must find feasible solutions for their recycling or recovery. In this respect, a first step is their characterization. The paper presents an assessment of wastes recycling potential from metallurgical slag dumps. There were taken and chemically characterized the waste samples, in order to identify the compounds that have recycling potential. The determination of chemical composition of the waste samples was performed by spectrometric methods. The apparatus used was a spectrometer based on X-ray fluorescence. The chemical characterization is the most significant factor in determining the potential viability of recycling these wastes to recover metals. The results obtained from chemical characterization of these wastes, indicated the presence of the following compounds: magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), alumina (AlÂ 2O3), total iron (Fe total), silicon dioxide (SiO2), manganese oxide (MnO), phosphorus pentoxide (PÂ 2O5), vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), titanium dioxide (TiO2), chromium trioxide (Cr2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO) and lead oxide (PbO). Therefore, the identified chemical compounds have a major economic importance and through their recycling it is possible to save natural resources.
Population Access to Waste Collection Services :Urban vs Rural Areas in Romania
Authors: MIHAI Florin Constantin 
Published: December 2021

This paper aims a comparative analysis at county level concerning urban and rural population access to sanitation services in the context ofÂ EU accession. Partially coverage of populationÂ to such services contributes to illegal dumpingÂ of wasteÂ generated and uncollected.Furthermore, waste management facilities are inappropriate, particularly in small cities or rural areas. Comparative analysis ofÂ urban vs. rural population served by waste collection services using thematic cartography highlights on the one hand the existing disparities within a county and on the other hand reflects the regional disparities acrossÂ Romania.The demographic, socioeconomic and geographic differentiations between urban and rural areas amplify these gaps that prevent from implementation of an effectiveÂ waste management system at national scale.Thematic maps highlights that urban population is not fully covered by sanitation services while in rural areas less than half of population has access to these services.Also,in some counties, vulnerability to illegal dumping is high in both rural and urban areas.
Comparative Analysis of Quality Criteria for the Control of Liquefaction at the Obtaining of Starch-Based Hydrolysates
Authors: MIRONESCU Monica , MIRONESCU Ion Dan , MOZA Maria Iasmina , TRIFAN Adrian , MIRONESCU Vionela 
Published: December 2021

Starch hydrolysates production converts starch to different kinds of products using enzymes in two steps, liquefaction and saccharification. This study investigated three types of analysis methods for the assessing and characterization of the liquefaction process: a rheological method (to measure yield stress), a chemical method (for the determination of Dextrose Equivalent DE) and a chromatographic method (HPLC to obtain the Degrees of Polymerization DPs).Â Potato starch with 13.5% dry substance was liquefied with the enzyme Liquozyme Supra for two hours in optimal conditions of pH and temperature. A comparative analysis between the methods to describe the liquefaction process was realised. Yield stress offered valuable information on the flow behavior of the samples showing that after 15 minutes of liquefaction the product behaves as a fluid without yield point, with a decreasing value of the middle yield stress. DE had an ascending value during liquefaction indicating that the total reducing sugars are increasing in time. After two hours of liquefaction, glucose (DP1) in very small amounts (around 1%), maltotriose (DP3) and maltotetrose (DP4) in much higher amounts were obtained; no maltose was produced. The quantity of DP3 and DP4 was increasing with the liquefaction time whereas the content in oligosaccharides with DP 5 or higher as 5 (DP5+) was decreasing. The comparative analysis of the chemical and the chromatographic method showed that both methods characterize very well the liquefaction process. It was found that there was a strong relationship between the DE values and the total DP3+DP4 as measured from HPLC and also between DE and DP5+.Â
Interactions between Lactococcus ssp. and Brewerâ€™s Yeast Metabolism During the Fermentation and Storage of a Kefir-like Product: Growth Dynamic and Lactose Metabolism
Authors: PAUCEAN Adriana , SOCACIU Carmen , JIMBOREAN Mirela , MUDURA Elena , MAN Simona 
Published: December 2021

Our objective was to study the growth dynamic and the lactose metabolism in a mixed culture, obtained by fermentation of two lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides) and spent brewerâ€™s yeast in order to make use of the bioactive potential of brewerâ€™s yeast in a kefir-type product, free of Lactobacillus ssp. and free of typical kefir yeasts.Â The fermentation was realized initially in a biofermentor than at larger scale (4l) in an upgraded installation. Lactococcus and Saccharomyces growth was synergistic and dominated the final composition of the product. We noticed a decrease of lactose content in the kefir, more intense than in control. The rate of lactose decrease during storage at low temperatures, was significantly more intense (P<0.05) than in fermentation conditions. We can assume that, the decrease of lactose content during storage was stimulated by the presence of brewerâ€™s yeast in this kefir-like product. The decrease of L(+) lactic acid, especially during storage, was more intense than lactose, due to SaccharomycesÂ metabolism, converting lactic acid to pyruvate, consumed by aerobic respiration and ethanol synthesis.Â Â
The impact of practical training and professional development for students in enhancing European competences in Food Science and Technology.
Authors: BORȘA Andrei , MUSTE Sevastița , TOFANÄ‚ Maria , MUREȘAN (CERBU) Andruța Elena 
Published: December 2021

Including students in special practice curriculums, such as the one initiated by University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, they become more aware of the entire process in the food industry, from the acquisition, reception,Â management of primary and auxiliary materials, to the importance of hygiene, protective equipment, the temperature and operating mode and the sales of the final products. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of practical training and its role in transforming students in future engineers better prepared for the labor market.Â
Content Evaluation on Organochlorine Pesticides in Local Vegetables
Authors: MUREȘAN Crina , SOCACI Sonia , MUSTE Sevastița 
Published: December 2021

According to Codex Alimentarius, pesticides are considered as chemicals that prevent, suppress, destroy and repel some pests during manufacture, storage, transport or processing of food, feed and agricultural goods. These chemicals can also be used as plant growth regulator, as defoliant, agent inhibition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content of organochlorine pesticides inÂ home-grown vegetables products. The objectives were the establishment of the working matrices and the organochlorine pesticides determination in the matrices chosen by GS method. Due to the high cost of analysis, the vegetable matrix was consisted in 12 sample- lettuce and spinach samples grown in garden andÂ roots samples (carrots, parsley, parsnip and celery) from both home-grown production. Organochlorine pesticide residues were extracted from the sample with acetonitrile and petroleum ether, purified by passage through florisil column and eluted with a mixture of ethyl ether and petroleum ether. Concentrated eluate was subjected to gas chromatographic determination.In all examined samples, there were identified organochlorine pesticide residues with high residual, HCH, DDE, DDT, DDD, endosulfan, and heptachlor, some being above the maximum allowed by European legislation
Quantitative Assessment Method of Illegal Dumping in Small Rivers Case Study: NeamÈ› County, Romania
Authors: MIHAI Florin Constantin 
Published: December 2021

Poor waste management facilitiesÂ from Romanian rural areas lead to uncontrolled waste disposal on improper sites. These bad practices are frequentlyÂ Â in the the proximity of built-up areas , therefore, theÂ small rivers inside these areas are susceptibleÂ to waste dumping. The paper aims to developÂ a quantitativeÂ assessmentÂ methodÂ of waste disposed intoÂ such small rivers from extra-Carpathian region of NeamÈ› county. The lack of organized waste collection services from 2003 lead to high values of waste disposed in such rivers frequently over 15Â t/yrÂ for each one. Despite some improvements compared to 2003 the small rivers insideÂ built-up areas of villages are still highly exposed to waste dumping. The values vary depending on demographic and geographic features of each locality and on the other side, due to the presence of an organized waste collection system.The results andÂ comparative analysis between 2003 and 2010 show some positive changes but the illegal dumping issue is far from being eliminated.Â
Numerical Modeling of CFD model Applied to a Hammer Mill
Authors: BUDÄ‚CAN Ioan , DEAC Ioan 
Published: December 2021

A numerical model was used to predict and improve the flow characteristics in a hammer mill. For this purpose a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model was built. SST and LES turbulence models was tested in order to improve the model. For the simulation of the sieve effect a porous domainÂ was used. The pressure, velocity of fluid and also the turbulence areas were analyzed. The physical properties of the milled particles and the grinding process parameters are greatly affected by the fluid flow in the hammer mill and because of this, by understanding how the fluid flow takes place inside it can lead to a improved design.
Research Concerning the Agrochemical Optimization of the Fertilization System for Wheat Crops in the Transylvanian Plain
Authors: PORUÅ¢IU Andra Ramona , RUSU Mihai , MÄ‚RGHITAȘ Marilena , TOADER Constantin , MOLDOVAN Lavinia 
Published: December 2021

The current research is based on the production results obtained on wheat crops in long term experiments conducted on an argyle phaeozem soil at SCA Turda.The goal of this research is to scientifically, agrochemically and economically substantiate the differentiated fertilization systems involved in obtaining big productions in the reference area. In this study we tried to track the effect of the nitrogen-potassium interaction in achieving the productions obtained in 2012. The research presents the stated results as annual (partial) values and it will continue with them as being reference values for further experimental years (as stages in long term experiments) and obviously with approaches that will economically substantiate the suggested solution. The production data are obtained from these experiments, framed in the â€œlong term experiments systemâ€ from ASAS-ICDCPT FunduleaÂ network which hold objectives that target both the effect and efficiency of differentiated fertilizations on productions and also the impact of fertilizers on the soil fertility evolution, on the quality of the productions obtained. The degree of novelty of this study can be expressed through the fact that for the type of soil and genotypes used in the experiments we can establish fertilization solutions and synthesized mathematical models with a high dissemination and applicability value in similar ecologic conditions.The obtained results present the production levels obtained for wheat crops (Dumbrava kind) at two alternatives for prior crops-corn and soy-statistically processed using variance and quadratic regression, as useful models for fertilization in the fertilization systems that were researched. It is obvious that at the end of these annual researches the presented models will include the same objectives as in the prior years that were studied.The already existing and further research will enrich the studyâ€™s utility in taking a rational fertilization decision based in the future also on the support of the suggested solutions through economically efficiency calculations of these solutions. The presented data hold originality, according to which the suggested solutions through fertilization models become important and present a real efficiency in the fertilization practice and technologies applied to wheat crops. Â Â