bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Knowledge, Perceptions and Use of Core Outcome Sets among Clinical Trialists
Authors: Bellucci Chiara , Hughes Karen , Toomey Elaine , Williamson Paula R , Matvienko-Sikar Karen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Core outcome sets (COS) are standardised sets of outcomes, which represent the minimum outcomes that should be measured and reported in clinical trials. COS can enhance comparability across health trials by reducing heterogeneity of outcome measurement and reporting, and potentially minimising selective outcome reporting. Examining what researchers involved in trials know and think about COS is essential to increase awareness and promote COS uptake. The aim of this study is therefore to examine clinical clinical trialists’ knowledge, perceptions and experiences of COS. Methods: An online survey design was used. Participants were clinical trialists, operationalised for the current study as researchers named as the contact person on a trial registered on the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Trial repository between 01/01/2019 and 21/07/2020. Survey items assessed clinical trialists’ familiarity with, and understanding of COS, along with experiences of COS use and development. Results: Of 1913 clinical trialists contacted to participate, 62 (3%) completed the survey. 65% of participants were familiar with COS and, of those familiar with COS, 55% had been involved in a trial that used a COS. Of clinical trialists who used COS in a trial(s), less than half (41%) reported that all COS outcomes were used. The main barriers to using COS are poor knowledge about COS (69%) and difficulties identifying relevant COS (68%). Clinical trialists also reported perceptions of COS as restrictive and often containing too many outcomes. The main enablers to using COS are clear understanding (82%) and perceived importance of COS (71%). Conclusion: Education and training can further promote awareness and understanding of COS. Enhancing clinical trialists’ use of all COS outcomes is needed to reduce outcome heterogeneity and enhance comparability across trial findings. Enhancing awareness of COS importance among researchers and funders is needed to ensure that COS are developed and used by clinical trialists.
WITHDRAWN: Decreases of regional cerebral oxygen saturation reading during hip arthroplasty associated with postoperative delirium in older adults
Authors: Zhou Guo-Jun , Yu Shao-Hua , Wang Zhu-Li , He Rong-Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Postoperative delirium (POD) is a sign of deterioration in the homeostasis and physical status of the patient. However, there have been no reports regarding the relationship between the decrease of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSctO2) reading during surgery and the POD in hip replacement in the elder. This study aims to investigate this correlation and the incidence of POD.Methods We performed a retrospective study of 4834 patients who underwent hip arthroplasties between 2015 and 2019 at our hospital. Data were collected as part of routine patient care. The patients’ cognitive performance was evaluated by using the Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR 4th edition) criteria. Patients found to be delirious after surgery served as the delirium group, other patients who did not develop delirium after surgery regarded as the no-delirium group. The various factors including the decline of rSctO2 reading intraoperatively were assessed using Multivariable logistic regression models. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported.Results POD was found in 27 patients (n=351); the incidence of POD was 7.7%; all of them were in their 70’s or 80’s. Lab data and rSctO2 reading before surgery were no significantly difference between the delirium group and the no-delirium group. Patients who displayed the decline of rSctO2 reading intraoperatively were at higher risk for POD (compared with no-delirium patients: OR2.169 CI 1.663-2.829 p=0.000) and gender (compared with no-delirium patients: OR 0.163 CI 0.029-0.909 p=0.039) was at a higher risk. Twenty-four patients recovered from POD gradually. One patient had persistent and severe cognitive dysfunction after surgery, two patients died of complications either acute pulmonary embolism 4 days after surgery or acute stroke 21 days after surgery respectively.Conclusions The incidence of POD was 7.7%. This study shows that the decline of rSctO2 reading during hip replacement surgery in the elder is associated with increased probability for the POD.
Impact of biomass burnings in South East Asia on air quality and pollutants transport during the end of the 2019 dry season
Authors: Duc Hiep Nguyen , Bang Ho Quoc , Quan Nguyen Hong , Quang Ngo Xuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
At the end of the dry season, March and April in South East Asia (SEA), agricultural refuse burnings occur over the region, mainly in the countries of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, in preparation for the wet rice plantation. In this study, the impact of biomass burnings at the height of the burning period in March 2019 in mainland SEA on air quality and pollutant transport is modelled using the Weather Research Forecast WRF-Chem air quality model with emission input from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Fire Emission Inventory from NCAR (FINN). FINN is derived from satellite remote sensing data and species emission factors. A simulation of the dispersion of pollutants from biomass burnings from 13 to 19 March 2019, when the burnings was most intense, was performed. Validation of the model prediction using observed meteorological and pollutants data such as AOD measurements on ground from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) and data from MODIS and CALIPSO satellites are carried out at various sites in the region. The results show that impact on air quality was most pronounced in Thailand and Laos but the effect of biomass burnings in mainland SEA at the end of the dry season is widespread in terms of pollutant dispersion and population exposure over the whole region and beyond. It is also shown that the transport of pollutants from biomass burnings in SEA to southern China, Taiwan and beyond is facilitated by the Truong Son mountain range, when under westerly wind, acting as a launching pad to uplift the pollutant plumes to higher altitude which then can be dispersed widely and transported farther from the biomass burning sources in Thailand and Laos.
Methods of Airway securing in patients treated for temporonandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: Garoma Gelana , Prakash Ajay 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: - Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex structure composed of several components including glenoid fossa of the temporal bone, the condylar head of the mandible, articular disk, as well as several ligaments and associated muscles. Its ankylosis causes distressing conditions including, both functional and aesthetic problems. An anesthetic management is challenging and surgery of TMJ ankylosis falls into the category of difficult airway as direct vocal cord visualization is difficult due to an inability to open the mouth. Fiberoptic intubation is considered as a safest approach and gold standard in TMJ ankylosis surgery as means of airway securing.Objectives: - The aim of this study was to assess method of airway securing in patients treated for temporomandibular joint ankylosis at Addis Ababa University Oral and Maxillofacial surgery affiliate Hospitals. Materials and Methods: - A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in 22 patients (n=14 male and n=11 female) with mean age of 21.7(ranged 6-50) diagnosed with temporomandibular joint ankylosis at Addis Ababa University, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery affiliate Hospitals both Yekatit 12 Hospital medical college and St. Peter specialized Hospital. Data was collected from patients’ medical records registered in a period of 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. EPI- INFO 7 computer software was used for data analysis. Results: - The highest incidence of ankylosis was reported between the age of 11 and 20 (40.91%). Unilateral ankylosis was reported in (59.09%) and (68.18%) was bony ankylosis based on tissue involved. In majority 17 (77%) of patients tracheostomy was used as intubation technique and securing the airway and fibroptic technique is used only in 2(9%) patients. Conclusion: - The findings of this study tracheostomy was the most commonly used intubation technique, due unavailability of fibroptic and skilled professional in practice of other intubation techniques. Institutional capacity building of facilities, increasing service availability and experts for practice of fiberoptic and bland nasal intubation technique is recommended.
Role perceptions among teachers of students with visual impairments in inclusive settings: implications for teacher training
Authors: Gewinn Wiebke , Miyauchi Hisae , Degenhardt Sven 
Published: June 2021

Die Rollen sonderpädagogischer Lehrkräfte verändern sich im Zuge inklusiver Schulentwicklung. In einer subsidiären Sonderpädagogik gewinnen fachspezifische Beratung und Unterstützung unterschiedlicher Adressatengruppen an Bedeutung. Die klassische Lehrtätigkeit tritt für die Berufsgruppe in den Hintergrund, was die aktuelle Lehrer:innenbildung noch nicht widerspiegelt.
Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte das Rollenverständnis von Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagog:innen, die im inklusiven Bildungssetting arbeiten.
Da Inklusion eine internationale Zielkategorie darstellt, wurde diese Untersuchung in drei Ländern mit ähnlichen wirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen aber unterschiedlichen historischen und kulturellen Verankerungen der inklusiven Schulentwicklung durchgeführt. Daten aus den USA, Japan und Deutschland weisen jedoch einheitlich darauf hin, dass die Aufgabenprofile von Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagog:innen in der Inklusion deutlich von der klassischen Lehrer:innenrolle abweichen. Es wird klar, dass sich insbesondere die Ausbildung von Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagog:innen intensiver auf die Anforderungen von Beratungs- und Unterstützungstätigkeiten in inklusiven Bildungssettings ausrichten muss.

Abstract
Obligatory inclusive education is leading to changes in the roles of special education teachers. Specialised counselling and support for different target groups have gained in significance in subsidiary special education. Classic teaching is becoming less important for special education teachers – a phenomenon that current teacher qualification programmes do not yet reflect.
This study examined the perception of the role of teachers of students with visual impairments (TVI) who work in inclusive education.
Since inclusion is an international target, this study was conducted in three countries with similar economic standards but different historical and cultural roots of inclusive school development. However, data from the USA, Japan and Germany all indicates that the task profiles of TVIs working in inclusive education differ significantly from the classic teacher role as a Teacher of knowledge. It is clear that particularly the education of TVIs must be adjusted further to the requirements of consulting and support tasks in inclusive settings.
Cooperação entre a universidade pública e a gestão municipal no combate a COVID-19: experiências do serviço de teleatendimento em Viçosa, Minas Gerais
Authors: FREITAS Brunnella Alcantara Chagas de , PRADO Mara Rúbia Maciel Cardoso do , FIALHO Wilmara Lopes , ALMEIDA Sophia Leonel , SILVA Thuany Caroline Souza e , ABIJAUDE Wesley 
Published: June 2021

Diante do cenário da COVID-19, representantes da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Prefeitura Municipal de Viçosa-MG, e outros serviços de saúde do município implementaram o serviço “Telessaúde Covid”. O objetivo é oferecer atendimento e monitoramento por telefone a pacientes residentes em Viçosa-MG. Até 31 de dezembro de 2020, dos 21.286 casos notificados no município, 85,5% foram testados. Após oito meses de funcionamento, o Telessaúde realizou 3.426 novos atendimentos e 2.407 notificações, perfazendo 11,3% do total de notificações do município, e um total de 17.071 atendimentos. O serviço realizado pelo Telessaúde COVID vem contribuindo nesse cenário epidêmico, destacando-se como grande facilitador aos pacientes nesse cenário atual, fazendo com que o paciente se sinta seguro, acolhido e cuidado pelo nosso serviço. Diante da vivência atual, esse serviço permanecerá como facilitador e integrador das ações em saúde como principal missão de colaborar no controle e combate a essa epidemia.
Palavras-chave: Coronavírus. Telemedicina. Saúde.
Animals as Symbols of Human Positive and Negative Traits on Javanese Expressions
Authors: Setiawan Prasetyoningsih Tri Wahyu , Purwaningsih Dyah Raina , Yulianita Nadia Gitya 
Published: June 2021

The research aimed to analyze the metaphor of animals’ names in Javanese expressions as representing power and authority in its positive and negative sides. The ancient land of Java was ruled by kings. This situation indicated that ancient Javanese were closely related to kingdoms and regulations that were strict rules of politeness rules or authoritarian. It created a situation where direct criticisms, suggestions, and warnings were conveyed to those who had power, which might cause the problem to the conveyor. Thus, people preferred to express their opinion in the metaphorical form to preserve the Javanese manners. Since Javanese people also lived as farmers and hunters, they could identify the nature of various animals’ characters. They began to compare some animals’ nature characters to describe human characters or behaviors in the forms of metaphor known as Javanese expressions. The methods applied were a descriptive qualitative by choosing the data that contained animal names, classifying them, analyzing the meanings of the expressions, and providing results of the analysis. These metaphorical forms are hitherto known as proverbs and are make used them as philosophy of life. They also used proverbs. The data were taken from “Seri Kajian Sastra Klasik 100 Paribasan Jawa Simpul-Simpul Kearifan Lokal Budaya Jawa” by Bambang Husen Al Marie in 2018. There are 26 expressions using animal names found in this dictionary. Macan, gajah, and asu are the three animals that are mostly used as a metaphor to describe human characters within a sovereignty. Heuristic and hermeneutic approaches are applied to analyze the data and to find out the real meaning of the classified data.
Distribution of heat transfer coefficient in the vertical tube of falling film evaporator treating saline wastewater based on micro flow and experimental verification
Authors: Bing Liu , Youle Liu , Chuan Chen , Jianliang Xue , Huashan Li , Zhun Ma 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is still one of the significant solutions to treat saline wastewater with thermal desalination technology, especially falling film evaporators. To improve the performance of the falling film evaporator, a numerical study on the gas–liquid two-phase flow characteristics of saline wastewater in the vertical pipe was conducted using the VOF model. The results showed that the inlet velocity of the saline wastewater increased under the same operating conditions, resulting in the thickening of the liquid film and the increase of the average convective heat transfer coefficient. Increasing the inlet temperature of the working liquid reduced the temperature difference, which led to a decrease of the average convective heat transfer coefficient. In addition, as the inlet concentration of the working liquid increased, the film flow rate and the average convective heat transfer coefficient first decreased and then increased slightly. The experimental results verified the accuracy of the numerical simulation, and the average error was 9.27%.
Efeitos da desoneração do IPI na capacidade econômica e formação de receitas da União
Authors: Mendes Wesley de Almeida , Lima João Eustáquio de , Ferreira Marco Aurelio Marques , Mendes Wanderson de Almeida 
Published: June 2021

O estudo visa verificar se a política de desoneração do IPI interferiu na composição das receitas da União e seu reflexo na capacidade econômica do Brasil. Assim, com uso do modelo VEC, as possíveis influências ocorridas nas receitas de arrecadação total, nas receitas de arrecadação do IPI e no PIB a partir da implementação da política de desoneração do IPI. Os resultados destacaram que a política não realizou interferência na arrecadação, mas no curto prazo reduziu a arrecadação total. Além disso, não foram identificados efeitos sobre o PIB, mas pode ser justificado pela manutenção do PIB, uma vez que havia um cenário internacional de crise. Por fim, nota-se que a política tem efeitos diversos sobre a saúde fiscal brasileira, o que indica que tal política deve ser aplicada de forma estratégica e com ressalvas, de modo que os ganhos gerados sejam maiores que as perdas que surgirem.
Life Plus Mini Capsule S®, Novel Intubating Box – A Pilot Study
Authors: Tufegdzic Boris , Lamperti Massimo , Woodsford Kyne 
Published: June 2021

To protect clinicians without access to recommended personal protective equipment during aerosol-generating procedures such as endotracheal intubation, various products have been introduced to clinical practice. The authors would like to present a pilot study with a novel intubating box, the LIFE PLUS MINI CAPSULE S®, which has improved systems to prevent the egress of particles from the box as well as a built-in HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) aspiration filter.
Nineteen anesthesiologists simulated endotracheal intubation on a mannequin in test conditions with and without using the LIFE PLUS MINI CAPSULE S®. All anesthesiologists successfully intubated the mannequin at first attempt, and there were no failed intubations. The median (range) intubation time was 9.1 (2.0–25.0) seconds longer when the LIFE PLUS MINI CAPSULE S® was used, and there were no breaches of personal protective equipment. The leakage of airborne particles was analyzed using a Qualitative and a Quantitative Fit Test.

Although our pilot study shows promising results, further research is required to validate our results
in vivo and in a larger sample size which will provide us with a better insight into the efficacy and applicability of this safety tool in emergency and elective clinical conditions.
Evidence of Construct Validity of Computer-Based Tests for Clinical Reasoning: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Zuo Tianming , Sun Baozhi , Guan Xu , Zheng Bin , Qu Bo 
Published: June 2021

Background
Clinical reasoning (CR) is a fundamental skill for all medical students. In our medical education system, however, there are shortcomings in the conventional methods of teaching CR. New technology is needed to enhance our CR teaching, especially as we are facing an influx of new health trainees. China Medical University (CMU), in response to this need, has developed a computer-based CR training system (CMU-CBCRT).

Objective
We aimed to find evidence of construct validity of the CMU-CBCRT.

Methods
We recruited 385 students from fifth year undergraduates to postgraduate year (PGY) 3 to complete the test on CMU-CBCRT. The known-groups technique was used to evaluate the construct validity of the CBCRT by comparing the test scores among 4 training levels (fifth year MD, PGY-1, PGY-2, and PGY-3).

Results
We found that test scores increased with years of training. Significant differences were found in the test scores on information collection, diagnosis, and treatment and total scores among different training years of participants. However, significant results were not found for treatment errors.

Conclusions
We provided evidence of construct validity of the CMU-CBCRT, which could determine the CR skills of medical students at varying early stage in their careers.
Acceptability and Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Therapy for Anxiety and Depression (Youper): Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Mehta Ashish , Niles Andrea Nicole , Vargas Jose Hamilton , Marafon Thiago , Couto Diego Dotta , Gross James Jonathan 
Published: June 2021

Background
Youper is a widely used, commercially available mobile app that uses artificial intelligence therapy for the treatment of anxiety and depression.

Objective
Our study examined the acceptability and effectiveness of Youper. Further, we tested the cumulative regulation hypothesis, which posits that cumulative emotion regulation successes with repeated intervention engagement will predict longer-term anxiety and depression symptom reduction.

Methods
We examined data from paying Youper users (N=4517) who allowed their data to be used for research. To characterize the acceptability of Youper, we asked users to rate the app on a 5-star scale and measured retention statistics for users’ first 4 weeks of subscription. To examine effectiveness, we examined longitudinal measures of anxiety and depression symptoms. To test the cumulative regulation hypothesis, we used the proportion of successful emotion regulation attempts to predict symptom reduction.

Results
Youper users rated the app highly (mean 4.36 stars, SD 0.84), and 42.66% (1927/4517) of users were retained by week 4. Symptoms decreased in the first 2 weeks of app use (anxiety: d=0.57; depression: d=0.46). Anxiety improvements were maintained in the subsequent 2 weeks, but depression symptoms increased slightly with a very small effect size (d=0.05). A higher proportion of successful emotion regulation attempts significantly predicted greater anxiety and depression symptom reduction.

Conclusions
Youper is a low-cost, completely self-guided treatment that is accessible to users who may not otherwise access mental health care. Our findings demonstrate the acceptability and effectiveness of Youper as a treatment for anxiety and depression symptoms and support continued study of Youper in a randomized clinical trial.
Infrastructure and the Form of Politics
Authors: Barney Darin 
Published: June 2021

Background: This article surveys recent engagement with infrastructure across several fields, with particular attention to analyses of the relationship between infrastructure, extractive capitalism, and settler colonialism.Analysis: The article treats infrastructure as a form of non-discursive politics and examines the critical status of the concept in light of the historical and contemporary implications of infrastructure in colonialism, settler colonialism, and racial capitalism.Conclusions and implications: The article concludes that treatments of infrastructure in recent critical feminist, queer, and Indigenous thought open new possibilities for rethinking politics, communication, and media.
Mediating the Tree: Infrastructures of Pulp and Paper Modernity inThe Bowater Papers
Authors: Kaminska Aleksandra , Ruiz Rafico 
Published: June 2021

Background: Through a close reading of the four issues of The Bowater Papers, this article aims to understand the rise of a paper modernity and to reinsert it—as material and infrastructure—into media studies.Analysis: Producing wood paper is a strain on the landscape and the environment. The Bowater Papers showcases the histories and material possibilities of paper media products. A paper-dependent modernity can be understood as an infrastructural assemblage of harvesting, production, circulation, and consumption.Conclusion and implications: Paper calls for a natural history and geography of media. Thinking about the mediations from tree to paper through the encompassing notion of “xylomedia” is a way of articulating the intersection of the material, environmental, and infrastructural in media studies. Today is still a paper world, one that is also the age of lignin, package, and Amazon.