bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome analysis of Salmonella strains isolated from imported frozen fish in Burkina Faso
Authors: KAGAMBEGA ASSETA , Belem Salifou , McMillan Elizabeth A , Hiott Lari M. , Ramadan Hazem , SORO Daniel K , Sharma Poonam , Gupta Sushim K , Barro Nicolas , Jackson Charlene R , Frye Jonathan G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PurposeFish is an excellent source of protein and vitamins for humans, but improperly handled fish can expose consumers to pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the genomes of Salmonella strains isolated from imported fish sold in the open market in Ouagadougou.MethodsOne hundred and fifty-nine fish were collected from open markets. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution. Whole Genome Sequencing was done to further study antibiotic resistance genes, plasmid replicons, and MSLT types. Serotyping was done using SeqSero 2.ResultOut of the 159 fish samples analyzed, 28 (17.61%) were found to be contaminated with Salmonella. Among the isolated Salmonella strains, 6 different serotypes, Nima, Liverpool, Kokomlemle, Gaminara, Derby, and Tennessee, were found using SeqSero2. S. Tennessee was the predominant serotype. All the isolates possessed at least one resistance gene. The aac6-Iaa and aac6-Iy conferring resistance to aminoglycosides was the most prevalent gene found in the strains. The gene fosA7 was detected in two. All the S. Nima isolates were of Multilocus Sequence Type (MLST) 2258, Gaminara was ST 5197; Liverpool was ST 1959; Derby was ST 3997; Kokomlemle was ST 2696. The serotype Tennessee isolates gave many different STs such as ST 3763; 3997; 3135.ConclusionThe presented results highlight the prevalence of Salmonella on imported fish purchased from the open markets. More attention should be paid regarding fish selling conditions in the country to prevent the potential health risk for consumers.
MULTICOM2: an open-source protein structure prediction system powered by deep learning and distance prediction
Authors: Wu Tianqi , Liu Jian , Guo Zhiye , Hou Jie , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Protein structure prediction is an important problem in bioinformatics and has been studied for decades. However, there are still few open-source comprehensive protein structure prediction packages publicly available in the field. In this paper, we present our latest open-source protein tertiary structure prediction system - MULTICOM2, an integration of template-based modeling (TBM) and template-free modeling (FM) methods. The template-based modeling uses sequence alignment tools with deep multiple sequence alignments to search for structural templates, which are much faster and more accurate than MULTICOM1. The template-free (ab initio or de novo) modeling uses the inter-residue distances predicted by DeepDist to reconstruct tertiary structure models without using any known structure as template. In the blind CASP14 experiment, the average TM-score of the models predicted by our server predictor based on the MULTICOM2 system is 0.720 for 58 TBM (regular) domains and 0.514 for 38 FM and FM/TBM (hard) domains, indicating that MULTICOM2 is capable of predicting good tertiary structures across the board. It can predict the correct fold for 76 CASP14 domains (95% regular domains and 55% hard domains) if only one prediction is made for a domain. The success rate is increased to 3% for both regular and hard domains if five predictions are made per domain. Moreover, the prediction accuracy of the pure template-free structure modeling method on both TBM and FM targets is very close to the combination of template-based and template-free modeling methods. This demonstrates that the distance-based template-free modeling method powered by deep learning can largely replace the traditional template-based modeling method even on TBM targets that TBM methods used to dominate and therefore provides a uniform structure modeling approach to any protein. Finally, on the 38 CASP14 FM and FM/TBM hard domains, MULTICOM2 server predictors (MULTICOM-HYBRID, MULTICOM-DEEP, MULTICOM-DIST) were ranked among the top 20 automated server predictors in the CASP14 experiment. After combining multiple predictors from the same research group as one entry, MULTICOM-HYBRID was ranked no. 5. The source code of MULTICOM2 is freely available at https://github.com/multicom-toolbox/multicom/tree/multicom_v2.0.
Cerebral Cysticercosis Mimicking Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Tingzhong , Du Jinghua , Guan Yongchang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDense exudate during the calcification of cerebral cysticercosis in basal subarachnoid space was easy to be misdiagnosed as SAH, clinical evaluation and MRI can help differentiate SAH from pseudo-SAH.Case presentationA case of ventricular expansion accompanied by high-density shadows in cisterna circinata cerebri was taken to the hospital for treatment due to sudden faint. This patient was diagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage according to computed tomography (CT) in another hospital. We believe that the high density in cisterna circinata cerebri was misdiagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) one year ago. The main etiology of SAH is aneurysm, non-aneurysmal SAH associated with cerebral cysticercosis is extremely rare. Only 5 patients have been reported.ConclusionThis case indicated that although the specificity of CT for SAH is very high, the physicians should be aware of rare false positive findings, called pseudo-SAH.
The Perspective of Pituitary Patients on Work According to the Expanded ICF&nbsp;Model: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Meulen Merel van der , Lobatto Daniel J. , Furth Wouter R. van , Huisman Sasja D. , Heerkens Yvonne F. , Vlieland Thea P.M. Vliet , Biermasz Nienke R. , Andela Cornelie D. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: As the majority of patients with pituitary disease are of working age, their health situation may negatively impact their functioning at work. However, work participation can also be influenced by contextual (environmental and personal) factors. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the pituitary patients’ perspective on their functioning at work and on contextual factors contributing to work-related problems using the expanded International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Methods: Semi-structured interviews, focusing on contextual factors influencing work ability and experience, were conducted with eight patients with different types of pituitary adenomas (Cushing’s disease, prolactinoma, acromegaly, non-functioning adenoma). Following the steps of an experiential thematic analysis, forty categories were identified, which were organized into eleven themes according to the expanded ICF. Results: Patients reported various problems in work-related activities and work participation. Influencing environmental factors included type of employment, perceived job security, financial security, relationships with colleagues/managers, collaboration with others, physical vs. mental work, managing position, flexibility at work, corporate culture, and physical work environment (work-related), and traveling distance to work, financial savings, and (non)professional support (other environmental factors). Influencing personal factors included professional ambition, sense of duty, motivation, job satisfaction, feeling of fulfilment (work-related), and personality, acceptance, coping styles, and lifestyle (general personal factors). Conclusion: Patients with pituitary disease report several contextual factors that influence their functioning at work. Healthcare and occupational health professionals should be aware of these factors to improve patients’ well-being and functioning at work, ultimately aiming to improve quality of life.
Production of protein hydrolysates using marine catfish Bagre panamensis muscle or casein as substrates: Effect of enzymatic source and degree of hydrolysis on antioxidant and biochemical properties.
Authors: Herrera Gissel Rios , Leyva Jesús Salazar , Hernández Crisantema , Gutiérrez Laura Jiménez , Gallardo Jorge Sandoval , Ruiz Idalia Osuna , Montaño Emmanuel Martínez , Aguilar Ramon Pacheco , Sanchez Maria Lugo , Perez Jorge Ramirez 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Protein hydrolysates from fishery by-products, have resulted to be nutraceutical ingredients with potential to be applied in human nutrition; however, critical quality attributes are dependent of some process parameters such as enzyme source and degree of hydrolysis. This study reports the biochemical properties and antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates at 10, 20 and 30% degree of hydrolysis (DH), prepared from sea catfish muscle and casein by treatment with alcalase (ALC) and a semi-purified protease extract (SPE) from intestinal tissues of sea catfish (Bagre panamensis). With SPE, the DH was reached faster than ALC regardless the protein substrate used. Sea catfish muscle (MUSC) hydrolysate made with SPE at 30% DH showed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH: 118.8 µmoles TE/mg; ABTS: EC50 of 1.5 mg/mL). In FRAP assay, the MUSC hydrolysates produced with SPE or ALC at 20% DH showed the higher activity (0.38 and 0.40 µmoles TE/mg, respectively). MUSC hydrolysates made with SPE, contained the highest proportion of peptides with MW < 1.35 kDa, high protein content (72 to 78%,) and almost 50% of amino acids were essential. These results, suggest that intestinal proteases and muscle of marine catfish represents a potential source to elaborate antioxidant protein hydrolysates. Our results promote the full utilization of this fish species and offering a biotechnological strategy to the management and valorization of its byproducts.
An Approach for Assisting Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Multi-Model Features of Narrative Speech
Authors: Ning Liu , Tang Qingfeng , Luo Kexue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a common dementia which affects linguistic function, memory, cognitive and visual spatial ability of the patients. More and more studies have been done to access non-invasive, accessible, cost-effective methods for the detection of AD, Speech is proved to have relationship with AD, so a time that AD can be diagnosed in a doctor’s office is coming.Methods: In our study, the ADRess dataset in 2020 was used to detect AD which was balanced in gender and age. First we extract three categories of feature parameters: acoustic feature extracted by opensmile software, bert embeddings automatically and complicated linguistic feature extraction manually. Linguistic features are based on the POS tag, lexical Richness, fluency, semantic feature. Then seven different classifiers are used for identifying AD from normal controls, including SVM, Logistic Regress, Random forest, Extra Trees, Adaboost, LightGBM and a novel ensemble approach with majority voting strategy which is applied to overcome the error caused by a base classifier. Finally ten-fold cross validation is adopted for the evaluation of our approach. In addition, individual features and their combine features are fed to six base classifiers and ensemble of classifier. Results: We get top-performing classify result on the test set with ensemble of classifiers, the best accuracy of which is 85.4%. The best performance of feature sets are linguistic features, the accuracy of which is 85.6% with LightGBM classifier, and SFS approach is used to manifest seven discriminative linguistic features. Conclusions: The statistical and experimental results illustrates the feasibility by using speech to predict AD effectively based on acoustic and linguistic feature parameters. Stronger classifier and discriminate features are vital for the final results. We emphasise the best linguistic features for predicting AD disease are based on the POS tag, lexical Richness, fluency, semantic feature. Ensemble of classifiers usually has a better performance than single classifier.
Tunning the Crystallization Behavior of B2O3 – SiO2 – Bi2O3 – TiO2 – Y2O3 Glasses
Authors: Shaaban kh. S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Glasses with the chemical composition of 52B2O3 – 12SiO2- 26Bi2O3 – (10-x)TiO2 -xY2O3, :(0 ≤ x ≥10)prepared using the melt-quench method. The goal of this study is to investigate the structural, thermal, and crystallization characteristics of these samples. XRD analysis has explored the nature of the glass system. Molar volume obtained reduced while the density denotes increased in the present system. FTIR analysis revealed that as Y2O3 replaced by TiO2, because of an increasing trend in bridging oxygens (BOs), structural units and interconnection of modifier oxide tetrahedral increment, while non-bridging oxygens (NBOs) reduce. These glasses' thermal stability investigated using DTA. As the concentration of Y2O3 increased, so the thermal parameter values. The glass-ceramic denoted prepared under controlled heat and investigated using XRD & SEM. Ultrasonic velocities and elastic moduli of glass-ceramic samples increase as internal energy increases. The significance of Y2O3 modifier in the glass system signifies proved. Y2O3 is a powerful nucleating agent that can cause crystallization, assisting in the formation of glass-ceramic phases.
Strontium Ranelate Promotes Chondrogenesis Through Inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway
Authors: Yu Hao , Liu Yan , Yang Xiangwen , He Jiajing , Zhang Fan , Zhong Qun , Guo Xiaojing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCartilage regeneration is a key step in functional reconstruction for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA), but is a difficult issue to address. Strontium ranelate (SrR) is an antiosteoporosis drug that has been proven to affect OA in recent years, but its effect on chondrogenesis and the underlying mechanism are still unclear.MethodsBone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) from Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were induced in chondrogenic differentiation medium with or without SrR, XAV-939 and LiCl. CCK-8 assays were used to examine cell proliferation, and alcian blue staining, toluidine blue staining, immunofluorescence and PCR analysis were performed. Western blot (WB) analyses were used to assess chondrogenic differentiation of the cells. For an in vivo study, 30 male SD rats with cartilage defects on both femoral condyles were used. The defect sites were not filled, filled with silica nanosphere plus gelatine-methacryloyl (GelMA) or filled with SrR-loaded silica nanosphere plus GelMA. After 3 months of healing, paraffin sections were made, and toluidine blue staining, safranin O/fast green staining, and immunohistochemical staining were performed for histological evaluation. The data were analysed by SPSS 26.0 software.ResultsLow concentrations of SrR did not inhibit cell proliferation, and the cells treated with SrR (0.25 mmol/L) showed stronger chondrogenesis than the control. XAV-939, an inhibitor of β-catenin, significantly promoted chondrogenesis, and SrR did not suppress this effect, while LiCl, an agonist of β-catenin, strongly suppressed chondrogenesis, and SrR reversed this inhibitory effect. In vivo study showed a significantly better cartilage regeneration by SrR-loaded GelMA than the other treatments.ConclusionSrR could promote BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and accelerate cartilage regeneration in rat femoral condyle defects.
Optimization of Antioxidant Extraction from Freeze-dried Pulp, Peel, and Seed of Burmese grape (Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.) by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Afzal , Hossain Md. Sakib 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to attain the optimum condition necessary for extracting the maximum yield of antioxidants from the freeze-dried pulp, peel, and seed of Burmese grape using response surface methodology (RSM). Solvent (ethanol) concentration (%), temperature (°C), and time (min) were taken as independent variables by factorial screening for the extraction procedure. After extraction, the antioxidant activity of all samples was determined employing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, total phenolic compounds (TPC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The experiment's optimum conditions were 80% solvent concentration, 69.01°C temperature, and 30 min for pulp. The optimum extraction conditions were found at 80°C for 29.39 min incubation time using 52.12% concentrated solvent for seed. For peel, the solvent concentration of 41.62% was found optimum when the temperature of 50°C and 30 min incubation time were used. The actual values of TPC, FRAP, and DPPH for freeze-dried pulp, peel and seed extracts were close to the predicted values, which confirms the models’ validity. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that the models were significant for TPC, DPPH, and FRAP values of peel, pulp, and seed at different levels (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). The composite desirability of pulp, seed, and peel were 0.94, 0.98, and 0.85, respectively, which suggest that the developed model could be effectively used for antioxidants’ extraction from freeze-dried pulp, peel, and seed of Burmese grape.
Potential Usage of Some of the Ground-Cover Vegetation for Ecosystem Restoration Practices in Central Anatolian Region of Turkey
Authors: Yildiz Oktay , Altundag Ernaz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Long-term animal grazing and agricultural practices have disturbed the vegetation cover and rendered the sites prone to erosion in Central Anatolia Region. Plantation practices have been carried out for about six decades in the region. However, tree-oriented plantation practices have not shown promising results. Thus, experimental data gathered in the region using new approaches with different plant species are urgently needed. The aim of the current study is to evaluate potential usage of some of the ground-cover species for ecosystem restoration in the region. Seeds of fifteen local species were collected during extensive field surveys during summer and early fall of 2012 and 2013. Five sites scattered on the basin were chosen as experimental blocks. The area covers the driest part of the region with less than 300 mm annual precipitation and 11C0 average temperature. Soil texture for the first-20-cm soil depth in the experimental units ranges from clay to sandy clay loam with a high lime content. In October 2012, April 2013, October 2013 and April 2014 seeds of these fifteen species were sown on three 40 cm x 600-cm beds. In the spring and summer of 2013 and 2014, sites were visited, and field emergence rates and seedling growth were recorded. Atriplex hortensis (L.), Peganum harmala (L.), Glaucium corniculatum (L.), Marrubium parviflorum (Fisch.&C.A.Mey.), Onobrychis tournefortii ((Willd.) Desv.), Reseda lutea (L.), Stachys cretica (L.), Teucrium polium (L.) and Vicia cappodicica (Boiss. & Bal.) appear to be the most promising ground-cover species for ecosystem restoration in the region.
Identification of Cryptic Putative IRESs Initiating the Translation of Nonstructural Proteins Encoded by the HRV16 Genome
Authors: Shi Bingtian , Song Qinqin , Luo Xiaonuan , Song Juan , Xia Dong , Xia Zhiqiang , Liu Mi , Wang Wenjun , Wang Ruifang , Du Haijun , Han Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cap-dependent initiation of translation is a canonical mechanism adopted by eukaryotic cells. Internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent translation is a mechanism distinct from 5′ cap-dependent translation. IRES elements are located mainly in the 5′-untranslated regions (UTRs) of viral and eukaryotic mRNAs. In addition, IRESs are found in the coding regions of some viral and eukaryotic genomes and initiate the translation of some functional truncated isoforms. Here, via IRES-initiated expression of proteins, bicistronic vectors and ribosome profiling of the human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16), we found that the coding region of the nonstructural proteins P2 and P3 contained 5 putative IRES elements. These 5 putative IRESs were located within nucleotides 4286-4585, 5002-5126, 6245-6394, 6619-6718 and 6629-6778 and initiated green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in vitro. This alternative mechanism might be effective and economical for eliminating the time and raw material required to synthesize the full-length polyprotein.
What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Bihar in India over the 3 months after nationwide Lock down announcement in March 2020 -A brief analysis.
Authors: Kumar Piyush 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly populous states like Bihar with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world.Objectives The main aim of this research is to find out Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Bihar in India over the 3 months after Lockdown imposition countrywide in March 2020.Settings & Design Different indicators group of RCH programme (immunisation, maternal & child health, family planning) for state of Bihar were collected and compared from previous year. Materials & Methodology Secondary data from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India for 2019 & 2020 were taken for analysing and understanding of impact of pandemic on RCH programme over 3 months after lockdown viz. April/May/June 2020. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software.Result The analysis of secondary data obtained from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare website for RCH programme of the state of Bihar shows that the lockdown period & initial early phase of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have a negative impact over the delivery of health services as well as the indicators are also affected negatively. Besides the pandemic the state is also having lack of resources, manpower poor infrastructure as well as positive deviance at community level. These are the barriers in fact beside the epidemic. It seems that there is lack of proper plan to deal with such pandemic situation.Conclusion The State of Bihar has enforced the epidemic disease act but it seems to be insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of healthcare system and delivery of services should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual health delivery services even in pandemics. The state of Bihar needs to develop an exclusive plan to tackle such situations.