bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal GCN2 controls Drosophila systemic growth in response toLactiplantibacillus plantarumsymbiotic cues encoded by r/tRNA operons
Authors: Grenier T. , Consuegra J. , Galvao Ferrarini M. , Akherraz H. , Bai L. , Dusabyinema Y. , Rahioui I. , da Silva P. , Gillet B. , Hughes S. , Ramos C. , Matos RC. , Leulier F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSymbiotic bacteria interact with their host through symbiotic cues. Here, we took advantage of the mutualism between Drosophila andLactiplantibacillus plantarum(Lp) to investigate a novel mechanism of host-symbiont interaction. Using chemically-defined diets, we found that association with Lp improves the growth of larvae fed amino acid-imbalanced diets, even though Lp cannot produce the limiting amino acid. We show that in this context Lp supports its host’s growth through a molecular dialog that requires functional operons encoding ribosomal and transfer RNAs (r/tRNAs) in Lp and the GCN2 kinase in Drosophila’s enterocytes. Our data indicate Lp’s r/tRNAs are packaged in extracellular vesicles and activate GCN2 in a subset of larval enterocytes, a mechanism necessary to remodel the intestinal transcriptome and ultimately to support anabolic growth. Based on our findings, we propose a novel beneficial molecular dialog between host and microbes, which relies on a non-canonical role of GCN2 as a mediator of non-nutritional symbiotic cues encoded by r/tRNA operons.
A temperature sensitive mutation in the CstF77 subunit of the polyadenylation complex reveals the critical function of mRNA 3’ end formation for a robust heat stress response in plants
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Swenson John , McLoughlin Fionn , Vierling Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeat Shock Protein 101 (HSP101) in plants and orthologs in bacteria (Caseinolytic peptidase B, ClpB) and yeast (Hsp104) are essential for thermotolerance. To investigate molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance involving HSP101, we performed a suppressor screen in Arabidopsis thaliana of a semi-dominant, missense HSP101 allele, hot1-4 (A499T). Plants carrying the hot1-4 mutation are more heat-sensitive than an HSP101 null mutant (hot1-3), indicating the toxicity of hot1-4 allele.ResultsWe report that one suppressor (shot2, suppressor of hot1-4 2) has a temperature-sensitive, missense mutation (E170K) in the CstF77 (Cleavage stimulation factor 77) subunit of the polyadenylation complex, which is critical for 3’ end maturation of pre-mRNA. RNA-Seq analysis of total RNA depleted of ribosomes reveals that heat treatment causes transcriptional readthrough events in shot2, specifically in highly heat-induced genes, including the toxic hot1-4 gene. In addition, failure of correct transcript processing leads to reduced accumulation of many HSP RNAs and proteins, suppressing heat sensitivity of the hot1-4 mutant, due to reduction of the toxic mutant HSP101 protein. Notably, the shot2 mutation makes plants more sensitive to heat stress in the HSP101 null (hot1-3) and wild-type backgrounds correlated with the reduced expression of other heat-inducible genes required for thermotolerance.ConclusionsOur study reveals the critical function of CstF77 for 3’ end formation of mRNA during heat stress, as well as the dominant role of HSP101 in dictating the outcome of severe heat stress in plants.
Can paternalistic leaders enhance knowledge sharing? The roles of organizational commitment and Islamic work ethics
Authors: Chaudhary Arooba , Islam Talat , Ali Hafiz Fawad , Jamil Saqib 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effect of paternalistic leadership (benevolent, moral and authoritarian) on knowledge sharing of nurses through the mediation of organizational commitment (affective, continuance and normative). Further, the study examines the moderating role of Islamic work ethics on the association between organizational commitment and knowledge sharing.

Design/methodology/approach
In this quantitative study, data was collected from 312 nurses working in the health-care sector of Pakistan through “Google Forms” in two waves. Moreover, structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings
The study noted affective and normative commitment as mediators between the associations of benevolent, moral and authoritarian leadership with knowledge sharing, whereas continuance commitment was not found as an explaining variable. In addition, Islamic work ethics was found to strengthen the association of affective and normative commitment with knowledge sharing. However, Islamic work ethics was found to weaken the association between continuance commitment and knowledge sharing.

Practical implications
This study offers practical insights for health-care executives to act as fatherly figures to enhance the knowledge sharing of their nurses. The study recommends that managers in the health-care system build such an environment that helps nurses follow Islamic work ethics. It may enhance their level of organizational commitment and encourage them to engage in knowledge sharing behaviors to have a successful work environment.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first to extend the literature on paternalistic leadership. More specifically, this study investigated how various dimensions of paternalistic leadership (benevolent, moral and authoritarian) effects three-dimensional commitment (affective, continuance and normative) to enhance knowledge sharing behavior among nurses.
A comparative analysis on the single-phase and two-phase mixture models for calculation of ferrofluid convective heat transfer in the presence of a magnetic field: a numerical study
Authors: Jafari Hamed , Goharkhah Mohammad , Mahdavi Nejad Alireza 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the accuracy of the single and two-phase numerical methods for calculation of ferrofluid convective heat transfer in the presence of a magnetic field. The findings of current study are compared with previous single-phase numerical results and experimental data. Accordingly, the effect of various parameters including nanoparticles concentration, Reynolds number and magnetic field strength on the performance of the single and two-phase models are evaluated.

Design/methodology/approach
A two-phase mixture numerical study is carried out to investigate the influence of four U-shaped electromagnets on the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of Fe3O4/Water ferrofluid flowing inside a heated channel.

Findings
It is observed that the applied external magnetic field signifies the convective heat transfer from the channel surface, despite local reduction at a few locations. The maximum heat transfer enhancement is predicted as 23% and 25% using single and two-phase models, respectively. The difference between the results of the two models is mainly attributed to the slip velocity effect which is accounted for in the two-phase model. The magnetic field gradient leads to a significant increase in the slip velocity which in turn causes a slight difference in velocity and temperature profiles obtained by the single and two-phase models in the magnetic field region. According to percentage error calculation, the two-phase method is generally more accurate than the single-phase method. However, the percentage error of both models improves by decreasing either magnetic field intensity or Reynolds number.

Originality/value
For the first time in the literature, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current work analyzes the accuracy of the single and two phase numerical methods for calculation of ferrofluid convective heat transfer in the presence of a magnetic field.
Circles of analysis: a systemic model of child criminal exploitation
Authors: Barlow Craig , Kidd Alicia , Green Simon T. , Darby Bethany 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Child criminal exploitation (CCE) emerges from the complex interplay between potential targets, motivated perpetrators and conducive environments. Drawing on contextual safeguarding and rational choice theory. The purpose of this paper is to explain the relational dynamics that lead to CCE in terms of complex systems.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the existing criminological and public health perspectives on CCE and compare against current assessment protocols used to identify child victims of exploitation.

Findings
Findings demonstrate a conceptual and empirical flaw in existing practice. This flaw can be understood in terms of a failure to include both environmental conditions and the perpetrator’s motivation when trying to prevent CCE.

Research limitations/implications
To correct this, this paper develops an original systemic model called circles of analysis. This model builds on contextual safeguarding to overcome this identified flaw by also including perpetrator motivation to develop a Systemic Investigation, Protection and Prosecution Strategy.

Practical implications
It is worth considering as to whether our model can be scaled up to look at trafficking of children and adults for modern slavery, servitude, forced and compulsory labour in different contexts and jurisdictions. Alongside this, is there capacity to build perpetrator behaviours into the contextual safeguarding model?

Social implications
The potential for further development and alignment with the principles of contextual safeguarding is tantalising, and it is hoped that the contribution to this important special edition will open up new avenues for collaboration with both academics and practitioners who are concerned with protecting children and combatting CCE.

Originality/value
This strategy is uniquely designed to improve how police and social workers identify and investigate CCE and safeguard potential victims and survivors.
Increasing non-oil revenue potentiality through digital commerce: the case study in KSA
Authors: Al-Khalidi Al-Maliki Saeed Q. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis study mainly focuses on the potentiality of the e-commerce industry's opportunities and limitations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) specifically toward non-oil revenue sectors.Design/methodology/approachE-commerce contribution to the retail market industry becomes more global and more flexible with the rapid growth of the Internet and information technology revolution. A new way of conducting business is rendered by e-commerce, which helps to make a profit electronically.FindingsThe main contributions of e-commerce are management of company operations, easy and cheaper ways of extending their markets and coordinating with the value chain across different borders. In addition, the Internet and e-commerce are responsible for removing language barriers, cultural diversification and extending the market to the national boundaries. The countries would have many innovative and dynamic aspects by the beginning of the global market that increases national revenue, market, employment opportunity, capital and access to technology and information.Originality/valueAt present, KSA's national revenue mostly depends on oil and its related commodities, while other trades compete with the global market and increase national income. So, it is essential to increase other Saudi products to reach a global business level through e-commerce. Moreover, the study suggests accessing new markets and participating in global production to improve e-commerce structure without affecting current employment patterns, industry structure, productivity and Saudi culture.
Analysis of sales and financing modes in a green platform supply chain with a capital-constrained manufacturer
Authors: Wang Jun , Yao Song , Wang Xin , Hou Pengwen , Zhang Qian 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal operational strategies in a green platform supply chain and provide suggestions on the selection of sales and financing modes for the capital-constrained manufacturer.Design/methodology/approachThis study combines different sales channels with financing modes and investigates three sales-financing modes, i.e. traditional sales-prepayment financing (TSPF), traditional sales-bank financing (TSBF) and online sales e-retailer financing (OSEF). By establishing and comparing Stackelberg game models of these sales-financing modes from the perspectives of economy, environment and social welfare, the optimal strategies of emission reduction, financing, pricing and service improvement are obtained.FindingsThe results suggest that as the commission rate increases to a certain level, a threshold of the cost coefficient of emission reduction can be found such that the manufacturer should choose OSEF below this threshold and TSBF above this threshold. OSEF is Pareto optimal when this cost coefficient is low, and this mode can lead to the highest social welfare when the platform loan interest rate is relatively low. The Pareto areas in TSBF and OSEF enlarge as the default coefficient decreases.Practical implicationsThese results can provide operational insights on how to select sales channels and financing modes when manufacturer faces financial constraints in emission reduction.Originality/valueThis paper combines different sales and financing modes to study their comprehensive influence on the decision-makings of chain members and the resulting performance of economy, environment and social welfare.
An optimisation framework for designs for additive manufacturing combining design, manufacturing and post-processing
Authors: Wiberg Anton , Persson Johan , Ölvander Johan 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) methodology that connects several methods, from geometrical design to post-process selection, into a common optimisation framework.

Design/methodology/approach
A design methodology is formulated and tested in a case study. The outcome of the case study is analysed by comparing the obtained results with alternative designs achieved by using other design methods. The design process in the case study and the potential of the method to be used in different settings are also discussed. Finally, the work is concluded by stating the main contribution of the paper and highlighting where further research is needed.

Findings
The proposed method is implemented in a novel framework which is applied to a physical component in the case study. The component is a structural aircraft part that was designed to minimise weight while respecting several static and fatigue structural load cases. An addition goal is to minimise the manufacturing cost. Designs optimised for manufacturing by two different AM machines (EOS M400 and Arcam Q20+), with and without post-processing (centrifugal finishing) are considered. The designs achieved in this study show a significant reduction in both weight and cost compared to one AM manufactured geometry designed using more conventional methods and one design milled in aluminium.

Originality/value
The method in this paper allows for the holistic design and optimisation of components while considering manufacturability, cost and component functionality. Within the same framework, designs optimised for different setups of AM machines and post-processing can be automatically evaluated without any additional manual work.
Clinical characteristics of Japanese pustular psoriasis: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Ohata Chika , Tsuruta Noriko , Yonekura Kentaro , Higashi Yuko , Saito Kanami , Katayama Eri , Imafuku Shinichi ,   Western Japan Inflammatory Disease Research Group
Published: November 2021

AbstractGeneralized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe subtype of psoriasis. Because of its rarity, GPP studies with a large sample size have been scarce. We studied the characteristics of GPP and pustular psoriasis using data from the West Japan Psoriasis Registry that had been registered until the end of December 2020. The dataset included 104 patients with pustular psoriasis and 1290 patients with other subtypes of psoriasis. Multivariate analysis revealed a significantly greater number of female patients, a significantly lower mean body mass index, and a significantly lower ratio of habitual drinkers in pustular psoriasis, compared to other subtypes of psoriasis. Of the 104 patients, 102 had GPP, including 88 von Zumbusch, 10 juvenile‐onset, and four annular pustular psoriasis. Although the male : female ratio of GPP with psoriasis vulgaris (GPP+PsV) (47/20) was similar to that of psoriasis in Japan, the GPP without PsV (GPP−PsV) group highlighted a female predominance (13/22). The mean age at GPP onset was 45.3 years, and the mean interval from PsV onset to GPP onset was 12.5 years. Four of nine patients with GPP had an IL36RN gene mutation. Infection, medicine, and pregnancy were the precipitating factors for GPP. A family history of psoriasis was present in eight (7.8%) patients with GPP. Twenty‐four patients with GPP had psoriatic arthritis. Biologics were used in 76.5% of patients with GPP, followed by etretinate (37.3%), cyclosporine (24.5%), methotrexate (13.7%), apremilast (8.8%), and granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (6.9%). Etretinate was used in 17 (51.5%) of 33 patients with GPP with less than 10‐year history. Thus, etretinate remains a good treatment option for GPP even in the era of biologics. Hypertension was the most commonly identified comorbidity, followed by diabetes. We believe that the characteristics revealed in this study can further contribute to effective GPP management.
Detection rate of pustules in palmoplantar pustulosis with dermoscopy
Authors: Nakanishi Takeshi , Kokubu Hiraku , Fujimoto Noriki , Tanaka Toshihiro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, dermoscopy was applied to determine the site of skin biopsy in cases of palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) with invisible tiny pustules or vesicles. Fifty‐two clinically diagnosed PPP patients (11 men and 41 women) were observed by a dermoscope and underwent skin biopsy. Nineteen patients had visible pustules, whereas 33 had no visible pustules. Pustules were detected by a dermoscope on palmoplantar lesions in 17 of the 33 PPP patients. In contrast, 16 patients showed no presence of pustules or vesicles observed by a dermoscope. In this group, biopsy specimens were taken from scaly lesions. Out of the 16 patients, 10 histologically showed pustules in the epidermis. We finally detected pustules for 46 patients among 52 who were clinically diagnosed with PPP. As a result, we detected pustules in PPP for 19 patients on “inspection”, and 36 patients on “inspection and dermoscopy”, and 46 patients on “inspection, dermoscopy, and biopsy”. Dermoscopy is significantly useful comparing the detection rate (inspection, 0.41; inspection and dermoscopy, 0.78; p = 0.0003; using χ2‐test). In addition, we also should learn from the results that the detection rate goes down to 0.78 without a biopsy. Thus, dermoscopy is certainly a useful tool for invisible pustules and also undetectable pustules to detect pustules in PPP. Moreover, we objectively showed that “inspection, dermoscopy, and biopsy” are the best way to make a PPP diagnosis.
Potential bypassing of nearest emergency department by EMS transports
Authors: Hanchate Amresh D. , Qi Danyang , Stopyra Jason P. , Paasche‐Orlow Michael K. , Baker William E. , Feldman James 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveGuidelines recommend emergency medical services (EMS) patients to be transported to the nearest appropriate emergency department (ED). Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of EMS transport to an ED other than the nearest ED (“potential bypassing”).Data sourcesIllinois Prehospital Patient Care Report Data of EMS transports (July 2019 to December 2019).Data collection/extraction methodsWe identified all EMS ground transports with an advanced life‐support (ALS) paramedic to an ED for patients aged 21 years and older. Using street address of incident location, we performed geocoding and driving route analyses and obtained estimated driving distance and time to the destination ED and alternative EDs.Main outcome and measuresOur main outcomes were dichotomous indicators of potential bypassing of the nearest ED based on distance and time. As secondary outcomes we examined potential bypassing indicators based on excess driving distance and time.Study designWe used Poisson regression models to obtain adjusted relative rates of potential bypassing indicators by acuity level, primary impression, patient demographics and geographic characteristics.Principal findingsOur study cohort of 361,051 EMS transports consisted of 5.8% critical, 37.2% emergent and 57.0% low acuity cases transported to 222 EDs. The observed rate of potential bypassing was approximately 34% of cases for each acuity level. Treating the cardiovascular primary impression code group as the reference case, we found small to no differences in potential bypassing rates across other primary impression code groups of all acuity levels, with the exception of critical acuity trauma cases for which potential bypassing rate was 64% higher (incidence rate ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval, 1.54–1.74). Compared to zip codes with one ED within a 5‐mile vicinity, potential bypassing was higher in areas with no ED or multiple EDs within a 5‐mile vicinity.ConclusionApproximately one‐third of EMS transports potentially bypassed the nearest ED. EMS transport destination may be motivated by factors other than proximity.
Characterizing the spatial signal of environmental DNA in river systems using a community ecology approach
Authors: Cantera Isabel , Decotte Jean‐Baptiste , Dejean Tony , Murienne Jérôme , Vigouroux Régis , Valentini Alice , Brosse Sébastien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) is gaining a growing popularity among scientists but its applicability to biodiversity research and management remains limited in river systems by the lack of knowledge about the spatial extent of the downstream transport of eDNA. Here, we assessed the ability of eDNA inventories to retrieve spatial patterns of fish assemblages along two large and species‐rich Neotropical rivers. We first examined overall community variation with distance through the distance decay of similarity and compared this pattern to capture‐based samples. We then considered previous knowledge on individual species distributions, and compared it to the eDNA inventories for a set of 53 species. eDNA collected from 28 sites in the Maroni and 25 sites in the Oyapock rivers permitted to retrieve a decline of species similarity with increasing distance between sites. The distance decay of similarity derived from eDNA was similar and even more pronounced than that obtained with capture‐based methods (gill‐nets). In addition, the species upstream‐downstream distribution range derived from eDNA matched to the known distribution of most species. Our results demonstrate that environmental DNA does not represent an integrative measure of biodiversity across the whole upstream river basin but provides a relevant picture of local fish assemblages. Importantly, the spatial signal gathered from eDNA was therefore comparable to that gathered with local capture‐based methods, which describes fish fauna over a few hundred metres.