bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Diversity Practice and its Influencing Factors Among Pregnant Women in Afar Region of Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study Design Supplemented by Qualitative Study.
Authors: Wondmeneh Temesgen Gebeyehu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Women in low-income countries are frequently malnourished when they become pregnant, and the demands of pregnancy can exacerbate nutritional deficiencies, particularly micronutrient deficiencies, with serious health effects on the fetus. Antenatal nutritional supplements can help to improve birth outcomes and maternal health. As a result, determining the magnitude of dietary diversity and its influencing factors among pregnant women in the pastoral region of Afar, where no study has been conducted, is an essential in order to establish an intervention program in the region. Method: A mixed study comprising 241 pregnant women and six focus group discussions was conducted from October 1 to November 10, 2018. Participants in the quantitative study were selected by a systematic sampling method, whereas those in the focus group discussions were chosen by using purposive sampling method. The data was collected using pretested questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews. The relationship between dietary diversity practice and its affecting factors was investigated using logistic regression analysis. The strength of the association was determined by odds ratio with a 95 % confidence interval. Thematic framework was used to analyse the qualitative data.Results: Seventy-three percent of pregnant women had poor dietary diversity. Dietary diversity was higher in younger pregnant women who were under the age of 20 years (AOR=5.8; at 95% CI: 1.6-13.5) and aged between 21-25 years (AOR=3.9; at 95 percent CI:1.1-12.2) than in older pregnant women with over the age of 30 years. Those participants with a high average family income (above 4500 birr) had a good dietary diversity when compared to those with family income less than 1500 birr (AOR=0.1:95% 39 CI;0.02-0.7) and between 1500-3000 birr (AOR=0.05:95% CI;0.01-0.2). Pregnant women who had one antenatal care visit practiced less dietary diversity than those who had four or more (AOR=0.18: 95 percent CI; 0.04-0.8). Protein-rich foods (meat and eggs), semisolid foods (porridge and cereal soup), milk, fruit (banana) and vegetable (cabbage) 43 were the most commonly avoided foods by pregnant women. These meals were commonly avoided since they produced large babies and were attached to the fetus's body.Conclusion: The majority of study participants had a poor dietary diversity. Pregnant women with a low family income and only one prenatal care visit were less likely than those with a high family income and four or more antenatal care visits to practice dietary diversity, respectively. Most pregnant women avoided high-protein diets, semi-solid foods, milk, vegetable and fruit. Due to the presumptions of producing large fetus and attached to the fetus's body, these foods were avoided.
Chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Guodong Lin , Jieyi Wu , Xiaobo Peng , xiaoxia Lu , zhongying Liu , Zhiguo Pan , zewu Qiu , Jianguang Dong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many people have abused and misused disinfectants, leading to many poisoning incidents. However, there are few clinical case reports of poisoning caused by mixed household disinfectants. This study summarized the clinical characteristics and treatment effects of chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of hypochlorite bleach with acidic cleaning agents to improve the understanding of the disease.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the basic data, clinical symptoms, treatment methods, imaging, and other clinical data of seven patients with chlorine poisoning, caused by an improper mixture of hypochlorite bleach and acidic cleaning agents, who were admitted to the National Army Poisoning Treatment Center.
Results

The seven patients (three men and four women) had an average age of 48.8 years (18–67 years). The average poisoning time (time from exposure to poison to treatment) was 57 h (4–240 h). All seven patients were involved in cleaning bathrooms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Chest computed tomography scans showed bilateral lung effusions or inflammatory changes in five patients and no obvious exudation or inflammatory changes in two. The partial pressure of oxygen decreased in six patients, and respiratory failure occurred in one. Five patients had different degrees of increase in white blood cell count. For treatment, humidified oxygen therapy, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, intravenous corticosteroids, inhaled hormone, bronchial spasmolytics, antibiotics, and other symptomatic and supportive treatments were provided. The average length of hospital stay was 7 days (4–9 days). All seven patients recovered and were discharged.
Conclusions

Improper mixing of house disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic may cause damage to the respiratory system due to chlorine poisoning. Corticosteroids may improve lung exudation in severe cases. Additionally, symptomatic supportive treatment should be performed early.
Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Rickettsia in Dermacentor Nuttalli Within Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Gui Zheng , Cai Hao , Qi Dong-Dong , Zhang Shun , Fu Shao-Yin , Mao Rui , Yu Jing-Feng , Si Xiao-Yan , Cai Ting 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The pathogen genus Rickettsia contains the linages spotted fever group, typhus group, transitional group, and the ancestral group, of which the spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) is transmitted by ticks. Dermacentor nuttalli is considered the main vector carrying SFGR. Studying the genetic diversity and population structure of Rickettsia is essential for developing effective control strategies and predicting evolutionary trends of the pathogens.
Methods

We collected 408 Dermacentor nuttalli in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region in 2019, detected Rickettsia infection, and characterized the haplotypes. The extracted Rickettsia DNA of the gltA and ompA genes were amplified and sequenced.
Result

In this study, 10 haplotypes of the gltA gene and 22 haplotypes of the ompA gene were obtained. In the two resulting phylogenetic trees, the haplotypes G1-G7 and G9 of the gltA gene clustered with Rickettsia raoultii, while G8 and G10 clustered with Rickettsia sibirica. Haplotypes O1-O15, O18 and O20-O22 of the ompA gene clustered with Rickettsia raoultii, while O16 and O19 clustered with Rickettsia sibirica. The average haplotype diversity was 0.3 for gltA and 0.7 for ompA, while the average nucleotide diversity was greater than 0.05. Neutrality tests were insignificant for Tajima’s D results and Fu’s Fs results. The fixation index values (FST) showed that the degree of genetic differentiation between most sampled populations was small (FST<0.05), while others were medium (FST>0.05) and large (FST>0.15). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the variation within populations was greater than that between populations. The mismatch analysis of Rickettsia showed double peaks.
Conclusion

We found two genotypes of Rickettsia: Rickettsia raoultii and Rickettsia sibirica. The high genetic diversity of Rickettsia allows for easy adaption to different environments; furthermore, genetic differentiation between populations is small and Rickettsia populations do not show a pedigree geographical structure. The high rates of retention and infestation of Rickettsia in Dermacentor nuttalli together with the animal husbandry exchange in China gradually lead to the genetic characteristics of Rickettsia harmonizing across various regions. Overall, the significant genetic diversity and geographic structure of Rickettsia in Dermacentor nuttalli are critical for SFGR control.
Efficacy of single-dose HPV vaccination among young African women
Authors: Barnabas Ruanne V. , Brown Elizabeth R. , Onono Maricianah A. , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Njoroge Betty , Winer Rachel L. , Galloway Denise A. , Pinder Leeya F. , Donnell Deborah , Wakhungu Imelda , Congo Ouma , Biwott Charlene , Kimanthi Syovata , Oluoch Lynda , Heller Kate B. , Leingang Hannah , Morrison Susan , Rechkina Elena , Cherne Stephen , Schaafsma Torin T. , McClelland R. Scott , Celum Connie , Baeten Jared M. , Mugo Nelly , Team for the KEN SHE Study 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Single-dose HPV vaccination, if efficacious, would be tremendously advantageous; simplifying implementation and decreasing costs.Methods: We performed a randomized, multi-center, double-blind, controlled trial of single-dose nonavalent (HPV 16/18/31/33/45/52/58/6/11) or bivalent (HPV 16/18) HPV vaccination compared to meningococcal vaccination among Kenyan women aged 15-20 years. Enrollment and six monthly cervical swabs and a month three vaginal swab were tested for HPV DNA. Enrollment sera were tested for HPV antibodies. The modified intent-to-treat (mITT) cohort comprised participants who tested HPV antibody negative at enrollment and HPV DNA negative at enrollment and month three. The primary outcome was incident persistent vaccine-type HPV infection by month 18.Results: Between December 2018 and June 2021, 2,275 women were randomly assigned and followed; 758 received the nonavalent HPV vaccine, 760 the bivalent HPV vaccine, and 757 the meningococcal vaccine; retention was 98%. Thirty eight incident persistent infections were detected in the HPV 16/18 mITT cohort: one each among participants assigned to the bivalent and nonavalent groups and 36 among those assigned to the meningococcal group; nonavalent Vaccine Efficacy (VE) was 97.5% (95%CI 81.7-99.7%, p=<0.0001), and bivalent VE was 97.5% (95%CI 81.6-99.7%, p=<0.0001). Thirty-three incident persistent infections were detected in the HPV 16/18/31/33/45/52/58 mITT cohort: four in the nonavalent group and 29 in the meningococcal group; nonavalent VE for HPV 16/18/31/33/45/52/58 was 88.9% (95%CI 68.5-96.1%, p<0.0001). The rate of SAEs was 4.5-5.2% by group.Conclusions: Single-dose bivalent and nonavalent HPV vaccines were each highly effective in preventing incident persistent oncogenic HPV infection, similar to multidose regimens.
AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine: A possible risk factor for Stroke, Case Series from Sudan
Authors: Siddig Amira , Hussien Abbasher , Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed , Haroun Mazin S. Hassan , Ali Mustafa Mohamed Ibrahim , Malekaldar Mohamed , Abbasher AlHussien , Abbasher Mohammed , Abbasher Abubaker Alsedig , Eljack Mohammed Mahmmoud Fadel Allah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is one of the commonest neurological deficits. There is a well-known association between COVID-19 and stroke. We present a case series of Sudanese patients who developed CVA after receiving the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine suggesting a relationship between the vaccine and CVA.
Anterior Dislocation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Rare Complication
Authors: Keny Swapnil Anil , Mohanty Shubhranshu , Rathod Tushar , Kamble Prashant , Kothari Ronak 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Anterior dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a rare event and its treatment protocol is controversial. The most important factor responsible for this complication is malposition of the components. We present a rare case of early anterior dislocation after THA in a 72-year female due to excessive anteverted position of the acetabulum socket as confirmed by radiological evaluation. Closed reduction was not successful. Revision surgery with correction of acetabulum cup version and inclination within the ‘safe zone’ resulted in excellent stability of prosthesis intra-op which even precluded the use of advanced implant designs such as constrained liners. At one-year follow-up, the patient is mobilized with a walking stick and has no recurrence of dislocation. This highlights the role of proper implant positioning which can reduce the complexity of the surgical procedure and provide good functional outcome in such catastrophic events.
Evaluation of Autofluorescence in Identifying Parathyroid Glands by Measuring Parathyroid Hormone in Fine-Needle Biopsy Washings
Authors: liu Zhen , Ma Run-sheng , Jia Jun-li , Wang Tao , Zuo Dao-hong , Yin De-tao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging has potentially great value for assisting endocrine surgeons in identifying parathyroid glands and may dramatically change the surgical strategy of endocrine surgeons in thyroid surgery. This study is designed to objectively evaluate the role of near-infrared autofluorescence imaging in identifying parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery by measuring intraoperative parathyroid hormone in fine-needle aspiration biopsy washings.Methods: A case series study was conducted at a tertiary referral teaching hospital in China from September 2019 to April 2020. Patients undergoing total thyroidectomy with or without neck lymph node dissection were consecutively included. The surgeon used near-infrared autofluorescence imaging to identify parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery and confirmed suspicious parathyroid tissues by measuring their intraoperative parathyroid hormone. Nanocarbon was injected into the thyroid gland if the thyroid autofluorescence intensity was too strong. The sensitivity and accuracy of near-infrared autofluorescence imaging and vision for identifying parathyroid glands, and the difference in autofluorescence intensity in various tissues were the main outcomes.RESULTS: Overall, 238 patients completed the trial. Based on the pathological and aIOPTH results, the sensitivity of near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for detecting parathyroid glands（568 of 596 parathyroid glands; 95.30%）was significantly higher than that of vision（517 of 596 parathyroid glands; 86.74%, P<.001). The accuracy of near-infrared autofluorescence imaging (764 of 841 tissues; 90.84%) was significantly higher than that of vision (567 of 841 tissues; 67.42%, P<.001) when the evaluations of certain tissues were inconsistent. There was a significant difference between the autofluorescence intensity of the parathyroid glands and that of the lymph nodes (74.19 ± 17.82 vs 33.97 ± 10.64, P<.001).CONCLUSIONS: The use of near-infrared autofluorescence imaging, along with intraoperative parathyroid hormone and nanocarbon for the identification of parathyroid glands in thyroid surgery may increase the number of confirmed parathyroid glands. Using near-infrared autofluorescence imaging can effectively distinguish lymph nodes and parathyroid glands during lymph node dissection.
Mouthwashes with Plain Water Prevent Oral Mucositis Secondary to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Hematological Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Du Xinwen , Zhang Chuanli , Chen Fengjiao , Leng Yamei , Zheng Yuhuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Oral mucositis (OM) is a common adverse effect in hematological cancer patients who have received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this study, we compared mouthwash with nystatin, aloe vera or plain water in OM prevention.Design A retrospective chart review was conducted in participants. The incidence, severity and duration of OM, duration of oral pain, and the use of antalgesics were recorded.Setting/participants Hematological cancer patients who had received HSCT from January 2014 to December 2020 in West China Hospital were included in this study.Results A total of 150 patients were included in our retrospective analysis. The nystatin group had the highest incidence (100.0%) of OM, followed by the aloe vera group (44.8%), the plain water group had the lowest incidence of OM (20.0%), and the nystatin group had the highest severity and the longest duration of oral mucositis. The incidence, severity and duration of pain in the nystatin group were significantly higher than the aloe vera group and plain water group, and the use of analgesic drugs in the nystatin group was also significantly higher than the other two groups (P<0.05).Conclusions In our hospital setting, plain water mouthwash achieves great effect in OM prevention in hematological cancer patients who have received HSCT.
Length and Weight (LW) Related Variations on Haematological Parameters of Hetropneustes Fossilis (Bloch.)
Authors: Mishra Induja , Joshi Namita , Nath Pashupati , Joshi B. D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper mainly described the haematological values of a fresh water catfish Hetropneustes fossilis (Bloch.) in relation to its length and weight which are the prime basic factor of the differences in blood parameters of any living creature including fishes. The hematological parameters showed significant differences with increase in length and weight of the fishes. Differential leucocytes count did not showed any significant differences except macrophages and differential erythrocytes count showed significant differences only in macrocytes. All three groups (Length and weight) of fishes showed significant positive correlations for total erythrocytes count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate while negative correlation was noted for mean corpuscular hemoglobin; mean cell volume. Among differential leukocytes count only neutrophil showed positive correlation, while other parameters did not show any significant correlation. In differential erythrocyte count only microcytes showed significant positive correlation.
Community Health Programs Delivered Through Information and Communications Technology in High-Income Countries: Scoping Review
Authors: Beks Hannah , King Olivia , Clapham Renee , Alston Laura , Glenister Kristen , McKinstry Carol , Quilliam Claire , Wellwood Ian , Williams Catherine , Wong Shee Anna 
Published: November 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has required widespread and rapid adoption of information and communications technology (ICT) platforms by health professionals. Transitioning health programs from face-to-face to remote delivery using ICT platforms has introduced new challenges.

Objective
The objective of this review is to scope for ICT-delivered health programs implemented within the community health setting in high-income countries and rapidly disseminate findings to health professionals.

Methods
The Joanna Briggs Institute’s scoping review methodology guided the review of the literature.

Results
The search retrieved 7110 unique citations. Each title and abstract was screened by at least two reviewers, resulting in 399 citations for full-text review. Of these 399 citations, 72 (18%) were included. An additional 27 citations were identified through reviewing the reference lists of the included studies, resulting in 99 citations. Citations examined 83 ICT-delivered programs from 19 high-income countries. Variations in program design, ICT platforms, research design, and outcomes were evident.

Conclusions
Included programs and research were heterogeneous, addressing prevalent chronic diseases. Evidence was retrieved for the effectiveness of nurse and allied health ICT-delivered programs. Findings indicated that outcomes for participants receiving ICT-delivered programs, when compared with participants receiving in-person programs, were either equivalent or better. Gaps included a paucity of co-designed programs, qualitative research around group programs, programs for patients and carers, and evaluation of cost-effectiveness. During COVID-19 and beyond, health professionals in the community health setting are encouraged to build on existing knowledge and address evidence gaps by developing and evaluating innovative ICT-delivered programs in collaboration with consumers and carers.
Implementing the Routine Use of Electronic Mental Health Screening for Youth in Primary Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Martel Rhiannon , Shepherd Matthew , Goodyear-Smith Felicity 
Published: November 2021

Background
Adolescents often present at primary care clinics with nonspecific physical symptoms when, in fact, they have at least 1 mental health or risk behavior (psychosocial) issue with which they would like help but do not disclose to their care provider. Despite global recommendations, over 50% of youths are not screened for mental health and risk behavior issues in primary care.

Objective
This review aimed to examine the implementation, acceptability, feasibility, benefits, and barriers of e-screening tools for mental health and risk behaviors among youth in primary care settings.

Methods
Electronic databases—MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews—were searched for studies on the routine screening of youth in primary care settings. Screening tools needed to be electronic and screen for at least 1 mental health or risk behavior issue. A total of 11 studies that were reported in 12 articles, of which all were from high-income countries, were reviewed.

Results
e-Screening was largely proven to be feasible and acceptable to youth and their primary care providers. Preconsultation e-screening facilitated discussions about sensitive issues and increased disclosure by youth. However, barriers such as the lack of time, training, and discomfort in raising sensitive issues with youth continued to be reported.

Conclusions
To implement e-screening, clinicians need to change their behaviors, and e-screening processes must become normalized into their workflows. Co-designing and tailoring screening implementation frameworks to meet the needs of specific contexts may be required to ensure that clinicians overcome initial resistances and perceived barriers and adopt the required processes in their work.