bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring pathways to participation in an at‐risk species conservation program
Authors: Sorice Michael G. , Donlan C. Josh , Santo Anna R. , Luque Gloria M. , Hagen Christian A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe success of conservation efforts for imperiled and endangered wildlife species relies on private landowners, yet a definitive model of landowner cooperation remains elusive. We use a case study to explore the multiple pathways by which demographics, rootedness, resource dependence, environmental attitudes, social influence, and program structure intersect to jointly explain participation in a federally funded cost‐share program to help prevent the Lesser Prairie‐Chicken from being listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We conducted structured interviews across three ecoregions with 64 participants and 22 nonparticipants. We analyzed the data using fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis, an approach that identifies the multiple combinations of conditions related to engagement in the program. We found that two concepts, landowner characteristics and social influence, were most commonly associated with participation while profiles representing typical landowner tropes performed poorly. Finally, the positive effect of encouragement by agency representatives suggests that agency staff play a central role in determining participation. It also suggests landowners' decision processes may not be as deliberative as the literature on private lands conservation suggests. The results of our case study suggest new avenues for research that explicitly consider the role of heuristics in decisions to participate.
Plasma membrane calcium ATPase downregulation in dopaminergic neurons alters cellular physiology and motor behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Erhardt Brenda , Marcora María Silvina , Frenkel Lía , Bochicchio Pablo Alejandro , Bodin Diego Hernán , Silva Berenice Anabel , Farías María Isabel , Allo Miguel Ángel , Höcht Christian , Ferrari Carina Cintia , Pitossi Fernando Juan , Leal María Celeste 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe accumulation of Ca2+ and its subsequent increase in oxidative stress is proposed to be involved in selective dysfunctionality of dopaminergic neurons, the main cell type affected in Parkinson's disease. To test the in vivo impact of Ca2+ increment in dopaminergic neurons physiology, we downregulated the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA), a pump that extrudes cytosolic Ca2+, by expressing PMCARNAi in Drosophila melanogaster dopaminergic neurons. In these animals, we observed major locomotor alterations paralleled to higher cytosolic Ca2+ and increased levels of oxidative stress in mitochondria. Interestingly, although no overt degeneration of dopaminergic neurons was observed, evidences of neuronal dysfunctionality were detected such as increases in presynaptic vesicles in dopaminergic neurons and in the levels of dopamine in the brain, as well as presence of toxic effects when PMCA was downregulated in the eye. Moreover, reduced PMCA levels were found in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease, Parkin knock‐out, expanding the functional relevance of PMCA reduction to other Parkinson's disease‐related models. In all, we have generated a new model to study motor abnormalities caused by increments in Ca2+ that lead to augmented oxidative stress in a dopaminergic environment, added to a rise in synaptic vesicles and dopamine levels.
Reconciliation: Divine and Human
Authors: Chalamet Christophe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractReconciliation is one of the key motifs used by the apostle Paul and other New Testament authors influenced by him as they sought to express the significance and reach of God’s salvific act in Jesus Christ. To reflect on the theme of reconciliation means reflecting on the very centre of the good news. This theme is not one aspect of the gospel alongside others. Rather, it suffuses the apostolic message as a whole. The theme of reconciliation lies at the very heart of Christian theology: it expresses the overarching intent of God in the face of human violence and conflict. If we follow the apostle Paul’s key text on this theme, we must note that the root of reconciliation lies not in our actions but exclusively in God’s act. We, as people who are as pilgrims on this earth, are not merely agents of reconciliation, but also those who are and who remain in dire need to receive the gift of reconciliation.
Christ’s Love Moves the Church
Authors: Durber Susan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe ecumenical movement stands in need of renewal, a renewal inspired and moved by a depth and warmth of love. It has, for too long, been dominated by discourses of the mind (and particularly by styles of thinking of the West and the global North). A renewal that draws on the knowledge of body, mind, and heart might resonate with a much broader global constituency and fire passion and commitment in people who now pull back from what they experience as abstract forms shaped by colonial power and culture. A unity founded in a loving communion may open up new possibilities, and a new language of the heart might stir a revival in the ecumenical movement.
Is China’s urban–rural difference in population aging rational? An international comparison with key indicators
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Hong Jingjing , Fan Pengpeng , Xu Shidan , Chai Zhixian , Zhuo Yubo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChina's aging population is experiencing an urban–rural inversion phenomenon in that the rural population is aging faster. This is normal worldwide as studies have found that urban–rural differences in population aging have universal and phase characteristics. However, China's population aging presents a “polarization trend,” that is, the aging speed of areas with a deep aging degree is faster. In this paper, we try to test whether China's current urban–rural difference in population aging is rational if considered with China's current economic and social development. We adopted the four‐quadrant map analysis method and compare China with major developed and developing countries with key indicators. Data were mainly collected from databases by country, including the Statistical Yearbook, World Bank Database, and United Nations Database. Results show that urban–rural differences in China's aging population are significantly ahead of economic development and urbanization; this imbalance can explain the greater urban–rural disparity and the “polarization trend” in China's population. Results indicate that population aging's urban–rural differences are not necessarily exhibiting universal and phased characteristics in China. What's worse, the imbalanced population aging situation will make the rural poverty and the inter‐generational conflict more prominently. Public policies are necessary to deal with the current imbalance situation.
Oxidative stress in the skin: Impact and related protection
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Liu Yang , Zhao Zhao , Qiu Jie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSkin, our first interface to the external environment, is subjected to oxidative stress caused by a variety of factors such as solar ultraviolet, infrared and visible light, environmental pollution, including ozone and particulate matters, and psychological stress. Excessive reactive species, including reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, exacerbate skin pigmentation and aging, which further lead to skin tone unevenness, pigmentary disorder, skin roughness and wrinkles. Besides these, skin microbiota are also a very important factor ensuring the proper functions of skin. While environmental factors such as UV and pollutants impact skin microbiota compositions, skin dysbiosis results in various skin conditions. In this review, we summarize the generation of oxidative stress from exogenous and endogenous sources. We further introduce current knowledge on the possible roles of oxidative stress in skin pigmentation and aging, specifically with emphasis on oxidative stress and skin pigmentation. Meanwhile, we summarize the science and rationale of using three well‐known antioxidants, namely vitamin C, resveratrol and ferulic acid, in the treatment of hyperpigmentation. Finally, we discuss the strategy for preventing oxidative stress‐induced skin pigmentation and aging.
The effect of a lifestyle training package on physical activity and nutritional status in obese and overweight pregnant women: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Eslami Elham , Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi Sakineh , Farshbaf Khalili Azizeh , Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of a lifestyle training package that consisted of a 60‐ to 90‐min session of group training, educational booklet and text messages on physical activity and nutritional status in obese and overweight pregnant women.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 140 obese or overweight women (gestational age: 16–20 weeks) covered by health centres in Tehran, Iran, were equally randomized into two parallel groups using block randomization and stratified by the body mass index. Participants completed the Food Frequency Questionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline and fourth and eighth weeks after intervention. Participants were 38 obese and 102 overweight women who were later followed‐up.ResultsAfter the intervention, the mean weekly intake of the vegetable and fruit subgroups was significantly higher; and intake of fats and oils and the confections subgroups were significantly lower in the intervention compared with the control group (p  < 0.05). Although physical activity was higher in the intervention group, 8 weeks after the intervention, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe training package appears to offer a suitable strategy for adjusting the intake of the recommended food subgroups in obese and overweight pregnant women.
Settlers, target‐earners, young professionals. Distinct migrant types, distinct integration trajectories?
Authors: Spanner Franziska , Diehl Claudia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, we start out from theoretical concepts about different types of migrants that feature prominently in the immigration literature. By applying latent class analysis to a unique ‘mini‐panel’ data set on recent Polish and Turkish immigrants in Germany, we identify two types of migrants that are in line with the literature, namely settlers and target‐earners. We label a third group that is best described as educational target‐earners: ‘young learners/professionals’. Regarding variation in these groups’ early sociocultural integration patterns, results suggest that they reflect primarily differences in migrants’ intention to stay, individual resources such as education, and opportunities for integration related to newcomers’ involvement in the educational system or labour force. In sum, migrant types – though certainly more intuitively appealing and vivid than single ‘variables’ – seem to have limited explanatory power when it comes to predicting newcomers’ early integration trajectories.
Biochemical coordination of plasma cell genesis
Authors: Gaudette Brian T. , Allman David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAntibody‐secreting plasma cells are a central component of short‐ and long‐term adaptive immunity. Yet, many fundamental questions about how activated B cells decide to yield functional plasma cells have yet to be answered. Likewise, the biochemical processes underpinning the ability of plasma cells to generate and secrete large numbers of antibodies, the capacity of some plasma cell to sustain antibody secretion, presumably without interruption, for decades, and the capacity of long‐lived plasma cells to avoid apoptosis despite the high‐energy demands associated with sustained robust antibody synthesis and secretion each remain mysterious processes. Our objective here is to review what is currently known about these processes with an emphasis on the earliest phases of plasma cell genesis. Along the way, we will work toward developing a model that ties the biochemistry of plasma cell function and survival. The chief idea imbedded in this model is that progress toward understanding plasma cell survival mechanisms may require increased focus on the unique cell autonomous processes inherent in plasma cell differentiation and function.
Hybrid last mile delivery fleets with crowdsourcing: A systems view of managing the cost‐service trade‐off
Authors: Castillo Vincent E. , Bell John E. , Mollenkopf Diane A. , Stank Theodore P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRetail firms now offer same‐day delivery via hybrid fleets that augment a privately owned delivery fleet with crowdsourced assets. As research on crowdsourced delivery continues to grow, it has implicitly assumed deliveries being conducted with an entirely crowdsourced fleet. In this study, we adopt a sociotechnical systems perspective to consider the phenomenon of combining privately owned delivery vehicles with crowdsourced assets into a hybrid fleet. In this exploratory effort, we examine how elements of the hybrid delivery system, namely, driver autonomy, compensation, fleet size, fleet mix, and demand intensity affect cost and service in last mile delivery. Using a multimethod simulation combining agent‐based and discrete event techniques with home delivery data from a major US retail pharmacy, we show how the emergent outcomes of this hybrid delivery system are a consequence of the constituent elements’ interdependence. Our experiments suggest a convex relationship between crowdsourced driver compensation and cost performance, such that low and high compensation amounts may actually increase unit delivery costs relative to a median compensation level, and a nonlinear negative relationship between compensation and fulfillment time. We find that these effects are moderated by fleet design (in terms of size and vehicle type mix) and order arrival rate intensity.
The development and construction of an AR‐guided learning model with focused learning theories
Authors: Hu Chih‐Hsiang , Barrett Neil E. , Liu Gi‐Zen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality (AR) has been incorporated in context‐aware ubiquitous learning (CAUL) designs to guide learners but few of the designs adopt specific learning theories. Furthermore, there are no CAUL design models that align learning theories to CAUL effectiveness. In addition, CAUL review papers have not documented CAUL developments since AR technology has become normalized.ObjectivesA phenomenological research method with expert design input was adopted to build theoretically informed CAUL design models and provide guidelines for AR‐driven CAUL.MethodsThe researchers reviewed 38 empirical AR studies in education from 2016 to 2019 in seven high‐impact journals of educational technology using a taxonomy based on CAUL learning theories. Seven domain experts reviewed the findings and provided insights into current developments, patterns of variables, and the proposed AR‐guided CAUL model. The expert feedback was used to refine the CAUL models.Results and conclusionsResearch into humanity‐related subjects are growing due to the features of AR, and the majority of studies were in primary education as AR corresponds well with lower‐level cognitive learning tasks. Many AR functions cooccurred with situated learning theory, inquiry‐based learning theory, and collaborative learning theory. A macro‐design model and three micro‐design models of AR‐guided CAUL with specific learning theories was proposed.Major takeawaysThis study offers a set of AR‐guided CAUL design models aligned with established learning theories. The variables in the CAUL studies are linked with learning theories to clearly show how AR guides learning. The models can guide instructors to meet their students' needs.
Anti‐inflammatory mechanisms and research progress of colchicine in atherosclerotic therapy
Authors: Li Yuyu , Zhang Yuxin , Lu Jianrong , Yin Yong , Xie Jun , Xu Biao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInflammatory responses play a vital role in the onset and development of atherosclerosis, and throughout the entire process of the chronic disease. The inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis are mainly mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors. As a powerful anti‐inflammatory medicine, colchicine has a history of more than 200 years in clinical application and is the first‐choice treatment for immune diseases such as gout and familial Mediterranean fever. In atherosclerosis, colchicine can inhibit the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via various mechanisms to effectively reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby reducing the inflammation. Recent clinical trials show that a low dose of colchicine (0.5 mg per day) has a certain protective effect in stable angina patients or those with acute myocardial infarction after PCI. This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms of colchicine in the treatment of atherosclerosis and the latest research progress.
The role of YTH domain containing 2 in epigenetic modification and immune infiltration of pan‐cancer
Authors: Zhang Chiyuan , Guo Cuishan , Li Yan , Ouyang Ling , Zhao Qi , Liu Kuiran 
Published: July 2021

AbstractYTH domain containing 2 (YTHDC2) is the largest N6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) binding protein of the YTH protein family and the only member containing ATP‐dependent RNA helicase activity. For further analysing its biological role in epigenetic modification, we comprehensively explored YTHDC2 from gene expression, genetic alteration, protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network, immune infiltration, diagnostic value and prognostic value in pan‐cancer, using a series of databases and bioinformatic tools. We found that YTHDC2 with Missense mutation could cause a different prognosis in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), and its different methylation level could lead to a totally various prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and UCEC. The main molecular mechanisms of YTHDC2 focused on catalytic activity, helicase activity, snRNA binding, spliceosome and mRNA surveillance. Additionally, YTHDC2 was notably correlated with tumour immune infiltration. Moreover, YTHDC2 had a high diagnostic value for seven cancer types and a prognostic value for brain lower grade glioma (LGG), rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). Collectively, YTHDC2 plays a significant role in epigenetic modification and immune infiltration and maybe a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in certain cancers.
Behavioral, neurocognitive, polysomnographic and cardiometabolic profiles associated with obstructive sleep apnea in adolescents with ADHD
Authors: Puzino Kristina , Bourchtein Elizaveta , Calhoun Susan L. , He Fan , Vgontzas Alexandros N. , Liao Duanping , Bixler Edward O. , Fernandez‐Mendoza Julio 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundA high comorbidity between attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as well as similar impairments across neurobehavioral outcomes has been described in children. However, there is a paucity of research examining the comorbidity of these two disorders in adolescents. This study examined the association of OSA with sleep, neurobehavioral, and cardiometabolic outcomes in adolescents with ADHD from the general population.Methods421 adolescents (16.9 ± 2.3 years, 53.9% male) underwent 9‐hr polysomnography, neurobehavioral, and physical evaluation. ADHD was ascertained by a parent‐or‐self‐report of a lifetime diagnosis/treatment of ADHD. OSA was defined as an apnea hypopnea index of ≥2 events/hour. Groups of controls (n = 208), OSA‐alone (n = 115), ADHD‐alone (n = 54), and ADHD+OSA (n = 44) were studied. Multivariable‐adjusted general linear models tested group differences in PSG parameters, neurobehavioral, and cardiometabolic outcomes after controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, age, and/or body mass index percentile.ResultsThe ADHD+OSA group had significantly longer sleep onset latency, shorter total sleep time, lower sleep efficiency, and higher percent of stage 1 sleep, as compared with all other groups, however, these differences were diminished by excluding adolescents on psychoactive medication. The ADHD‐alone group showed significantly higher periodic limb movements than controls. The ADHD+OSA and ADHD‐alone groups did not significantly differ on any measure of neurocognitive or behavioral functioning. The ADHD+OSA and OSA‐alone groups showed significantly worse cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers when compared to controls or the ADHD‐alone, but did not significantly differ between each other.ConclusionsAdolescents with a diagnosis ADHD+OSA showed phenotypic risk factors for OSA (i.e., overweight/obesity, visceral adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation) but not worse neurobehavioral outcomes when compared with ADHD‐alone. While comorbidity is possible, these data support that adolescents with a suspicion of ADHD should be screened for OSA, before a diagnosis is reached and psychoactive medication initiated.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus in Korean adults: A multi‐institutional joint research
Authors: Song Sun Ok , Yun Jae‐Seung , Ko Seung‐Hyun , Ahn Yu‐Bae , Kim Bo‐Yeon , Kim Chul‐Hee , Jeon Ja Young , Kim Dae Jung , Seo Da Hae , Kim So Hun , Noh Jung Hyun , Lee Da Young , Kim Kyung‐Soo , Kim Soo‐Kyung ,   the Type 1 Diabetes Study Group of Gyeonggi‐Incheon Branch of the Korean Diabetes Association
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe aimed to determine the hospital‐based prevalence and clinical features of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus in Korea.Materials and MethodsWe identified all patients with diabetes who regularly visited the Endocrinology outpatient clinics at eight centers for a period >1 year between January 2012 and June 2017. We investigated their medical records retrospectively.ResultsDuring this period, 76,309 patients with diabetes had been regularly followed up. Among them, 913 (1.2%) patients had type 1 diabetes mellitus . There were 462 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus whose data at the time of the first diagnosis could be identified (359 and 103 with non‐ketosis and ketosis onset, respectively). Of these, 15 (3.2% of type 1 diabetes mellitus, 14.6% of ketosis onset diabetes) patients had fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus. The median ages at diagnosis were 40 and 27 years in the fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus and non‐fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus groups, respectively. The patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus had higher body mass index, lower glycated hemoglobin and fasting/peak C‐peptide, and lower frequent glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody‐positive rate (P =0.0010) at diagnosis. Furthermore, they had lower glycated hemoglobin at the last follow‐up examination than those with non‐fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsIn this study, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus was 1.2% among all patients with diabetes, and that of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus was 3.2% among those newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The glycated hemoglobin levels were lower in patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus than in those with non‐fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus at diagnosis and at the last follow‐up examination.