bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the performance of immunoblot and immunodot techniques used to identify autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases
Authors: EL Hassouni Youssef , Bourhia Mohammed , Bari Ahmed , Ullah Riaz , Mahmood Hafiz Majid , Ali Syed Saeed , Ibenmoussa Samir , Brahim Admou 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are pathological conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. This study evaluates the performance of two techniques, which are identifiers of autoantibody specifics: immunoblot and immunodot. This study was conducted in 300 patients of whom 62 were tested positive for antinuclear antibodies. The patients were initially screened for antinuclear antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence. Then, the identification of specific autoantibodies such as anti-extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs) was carried out using the immunoblot and immunodot techniques. The results showed that immunoblot and immunodot did not present a significant difference in their sensitivity against anti-SSA/52, SSB, CENP-B, PCNA, U1-snRNP, Jo-1, Pm-scl, and Mi-2 (p > 0.05). However, the two techniques showed a significant difference in their sensitivity toward autoantibodies anti-DNAn, anti-histone, anti-SmD1, and anti-ds-DNA (p < 0.05). The immunoblot data were in complete accordance with the immunodot data (100%) regarding the detection of autoantibodies such as anti SSA/52, SSB, CENP-B, PCNA, U1-snRP, Jo-1, Pm-scl, and Mi-2, 80% regarding SmD1, and 75% concerning ds-DNA. We should certainly pay closer attention to the efficiency of the techniques used in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases.
Full spectrum and genetic algorithm-selected spectrum-based chemometric methods for simultaneous determination of azilsartan medoxomil, chlorthalidone, and azilsartan: Development, validation, and application on commercial dosage form
Authors: Darwish Hany W. , Al Majed Abdulrahman A. , Al-Suwaidan Ibrahim A. , Darwish Ibrahim A. , Bakheit Ahmed H. , Al-Shehri Hassan H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Five various chemometric methods were established for the simultaneous determination of azilsartan medoxomil (AZM) and chlorthalidone in the presence of azilsartan which is the core impurity of AZM. The full spectrum-based chemometric techniques, namely partial least squares (PLS), principal component regression, and artificial neural networks (ANN), were among the applied methods. Besides, the ANN and PLS were the other two methods that were extended by genetic algorithm procedure (GA-PLS and GA-ANN) as a wavelength selection procedure. The models were developed by applying a multilevel multifactor experimental design. The predictive power of the suggested models was evaluated through a validation set containing nine mixtures with different ratios of the three analytes. For the analysis of Edarbyclor® tablets, all the proposed procedures were applied and the best results were achieved in the case of ANN, GA-ANN, and GA-PLS methods. The findings of the three methods were revealed as the quantitative tool for the analysis of the three components without any intrusion from the co-formulated excipient and without prior separation procedures. Moreover, the GA impact on strengthening the predictive power of ANN- and PLS-based models was also highlighted.
Triplets, quads and quints: Estimating disaggregate trade elasticities with different odds ratios
Authors: Bohlmann Adrienne Margarete 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Trade elasticities are a crucial variable for research on international trade. Caliendo and Parro (2015) provide a novel method to estimate trade elasticities which is based on odds ratio triplets calculated from structural gravity equations. We find that these odds ratios can be set up not only as triplets, but also e. g. as quadruplets (quads) and quintuples (quints). We estimate trade elasticities from triplets, quads and quints for the two digit level of ISIC Rev.3. The corresponding estimates show certain differences, but the results are generally robust. Because the different odds ratios are all theoretically validated, we suggest using them for checking robustness. Benefits could also arise because larger odds ratios might be able to provide more reliable estimates.
An application of continuous flow microreactor in the synthesis and extraction of rabeprazole
Authors: Duan Zhenya , Wang Yan , Zhang Ling , Cao Xing , Fu Lihua , Li Zhenjiang , Zhang Junmei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The oxidation of rabeprazole sulfide is a key step in the synthesis of rabeprazole, a drug for the treatment of stomach acid-related disorders. The current rabeprazole production process adopts one pot batch process, which has low reaction efficiency and poor stability. A continuous process can greatly improve the production efficiency and solve the above problems. Therefore, the reaction parameters of rabeprazole in microreactor were explored through laboratory experiments to explore the possibility of continuous production of rabeprazole. Rabeprazole sodium was synthesized by using rabeprazole thioether as a raw material and sodium hypochlorite solution as the oxidant. Oxidation, quenching, acid-base regulation and extraction were completed continuously in the microreactor. Rabeprazole solution with a purity of 98.78% (±0.13%) can be obtained continuously in 56 s, whereas intermittent production lasted for at least 2 h. Thus, the microreactor can effectively improve the oxidation synthesis efficiency of rabeprazole, and provide reference for the realization of other reactions in the microreactor.
Foam drainage enhancement in foam fractionation for dye removal: process optimization by Taguchi methodology and grey relational analysis
Authors: Bharadwaj Tarun , Gupta Kaushal Naresh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The isolation of dye (methylene blue) by employing a foam fractionation technique with the assistance of a surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) has been dealt with in this paper. This study also incorporated the comparison between contrasted and experimental columns. Taguchi methodology and grey relational analysis techniques were used to ascertain optimal conditions at which the column should be operated to achieve maximum percentage removal and enrichment ratio, for both the columns. The analysis of variance study suggested dye concentration to be the most influencing parameter. The relationship between dye concentration in the bulk phase and the foam phase was also deduced.
Limit cycles in a tritrophic food chain model with general functional responses
Authors: Blé Gamaliel , Loreto-Hernández Iván 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The conditions to have a stable limit cycle by an Andronov–Hopf bifurcation in a tritrophic model are given. A generalized logistic growth function for the prey is considered, and a general family of functional responses, including the Holling type, are taken for the predators. Some results obtained in previous works for tritrophic models, which consider logistic growth in the prey and Holling functional responses, are generalized.
Severe hypercalcemia in an infant with unbalanced translocation of chromosomes 2 and 8: a possible contribution of 2p duplication
Authors: Bhat Jayalakshmi Narayan , Mock Brittany , Alaqeel Aqeel , Dewoolkar Aditya , Gomez Ricardo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We report an uncommon case of severe hypercalcemia in an infant with unbalanced translocation of chromosomes 2 and 8 with 2p duplication. After ruling out all the possible etiologies of hypercalcemia, we speculated a potential contribution of 2p duplication involving 225 genes.

Case presentation
An 11-month old female infant with global developmental delay, failure to thrive (FTT), hypotonia, amblyopia, constipation, and recent onset emesis was admitted to the hospital after an incidental diagnosis of severe hypercalcemia. Labs revealed normal serum phosphate, serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels, and low serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. Elevated urinary calcium to creatinine ratio ruled out the possibility of hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Endocrinological evaluations, including thyroid function test, Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Cortisol, Insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were all normal. Transient elevation of parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) level was noted, but skeletal survey, chest X-ray and lab values including low 1,25 (OH)2 cholecalciferol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), uric acid (UA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) excluded granulomatous diseases and malignancies. Further evaluation with chromosomal microarray (CMA) and whole exome gene sequencing (WES) showed an unbalanced chromosomal translocation with 2p duplication involving 225 genes. The infant showed an improvement with medical management.

Conclusions
2p duplication syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by developmental delay, feeding problems, FTT, hypotonia, constipation, and unusual facial features as noted in our case. However, hypercalcemia has been only reported once earlier in 2p duplication syndrome, which was the presenting feature of our case. We attributed this genetic syndrome as an underlying etiology for hypercalcemia after ruling out all the common potential causes of hypercalcemia.
Assessment of fetal Doppler parameters in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection: a prospective case-control study
Authors: Ayhan Sule Goncu , Tanacan Atakan , Atalay Aysegul , Sinaci Selcan , Tokalioglu Eda Ozden , Sahin Dilek , Tekin Ozlem Moraloglu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on fetal Doppler parameters.

Methods
This was a prospective case-control study conducted in Ankara City Hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnants between August 1, 2020 and October 1, 2020. There were 54 COVID-19 confirmed pregnant women and 97 age-matched pregnant women as a control group between 28 and 39 weeks. Infection was confirmed based on positive real-time polymerase-chain reaction results. Demographic features, uterine artery (right, left), umblical artery, middle cerebral artery, ductus venosus, cerebro-placental ratio, and cerebral-placental-uterine ratio Doppler parameters were investigated in both groups.

Results
Two groups were similar in terms of demographic features and no difference was found for fetal Doppler parameters.

Conclusions
COVID-19 seems to have no adverse effect on fetoplacental circulation in mild and moderate patients during the acute phase of the infection.
CFD simulation of subcooled boiling flow in PWR 5 ⨯ 5 rod bundle
Authors: Ren B. , Dang Y. , Gan F. J. , Yang P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology to simulate the boiling flow in a typical Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) 5 ⨯ 5 rod bundle. The method includes the Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model coupled with the improved wall heat partitioning model. The NUPEC PWR Subchannel and Bundle Test (PSBT) International Benchmark are used for validation. The simulated surface averaged void fraction agree well with the experimental data, which indicate the promising application of the present method for modeling the boiling flow in the fuel rod bundle. The main emphasis of current research has been given to the analysis of the phase distribution around and downstream the spacer grid, the effect of the spacer grid structure, including the mixing vanes, the springs and the dimples on the void fraction distribution is investigated. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of three dimensional flow boiling characteristics and can be used to assist in optimizing the spacer grid.
Investigation of level density parameter dependence for some 233U, 235U, 237U, 239U, 249Cf, 251Cf, 237Pu and 247Cm nuclei in neutron fission cross sections with the incident energy up to 20 MeV
Authors: Sönmez Ö. , Karaman O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Level density models have increasing importance to gain more in-depth into the nature of nuclear reactions. Many novel and advanced medical application use radioisotopes, which are produced with nuclear reactions. In this study, the effect of the level density parameters of the nucleus on the cross sections of neutron-fission reactions for 233U, 235U, 237U, 239U, 249Cf, 251Cf, 237Pu and 247Cm nuclei were investigated for up to 20 MeV neutrons. TALYS 1.8 software was used to calculate the cross-sections of neutron-fission reactions for different level density parameters. The calculations were compared with the EXFOR nuclear data library and the level density parameters, and the closest fit were searched. As outputs of the study, the effect of selection of level density parameter on cross section calculations was observed. The theoretically obtained data were compared with the experimental data taken from the literature. The results are presented graphically for better interpretation.
Managing interpersonal discourse expectations: a comparative analysis of contrastive discourse particles in Dutch
Authors: van Bergen Geertje , Hogeweg Lotte 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this article we investigate how speakers manage discourse expectations in dialogue by comparing the meaning and use of three Dutch discourse particles, i.e.wel,tochandeigenlijk,which all express a contrast between their host utterance and a discourse-based expectation.The core meanings oftoch, welandeigenlijkare formally distinguished on the basis of two intersubjective parameters: (i) whether the particle marks alignment or misalignment between speaker and addressee discourse beliefs, and (ii) whether the particle requires an assessment of the addressee’s representation of mutual discourse beliefs. By means of a quantitative corpus study, we investigate to what extent the intersubjective meaning distinctions betweenwel,tochandeigenlijkare reflected in statistical usage patterns across different social situations. Results suggest thatwel,tochandeigenlijkare lexicalizations of distinct generalized politeness strategies when expressing contrast in social interaction. Our findings call for an interdisciplinary approach to discourse particles in order to enhance our understanding of their functions in language.
Prior Residence and Immigrant Voting Rights
Authors: Goppel Anna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough the moral foundations of voting rights regulations have been the subject of widespread scrutiny, there is one aspect of the debate which has gone largely unquestioned and is currently accepted in every state’s actual voting rights regulations. This is the requirement of prior residence, which stipulates that immigrants are granted the right to vote only once they have lived in the host country for a certain period of time. It is this requirement I call into question in this paper. Taking up the most plausible justifications for this requirement, I aim to put substantial pressure on its moral acceptability by arguing that it is not directly grounded by any of the principles that are currently defended as a means to determine thedemos, nor a proxy for some other morally relevant feature, nor a warrantor for abilities held to be significant for the right to vote.
Crystal structure of bis(amino(carbamothioylamino)methaniminium) 3-nitrophthalate monohydrate, C12H19N9O7S2
Authors: Wang Peizhi , Wang Rui , Zhang Tingting 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
C12H19N9O7S2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.3376(8) Å, b = 37.536(4) Å, c = 7.7149(8) Å, β = 117.1190(10)°, V = 1891.3(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0453, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1321, T = 298 K.
Pulp pumping efficiency II – Designing of a pulp pump
Authors: Zhang Qihua , Kang Shun , Xie Zhiang , Cao Li , Yan Zhaoxu , Zhang Weidong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the loss model of pulp pump set up in the I part of this research, an efficient designing method is proposed by taking account of the influences of head reduction by small blade number, leakage loss via tip clearance, and erosion-corrosion wears in pumps separately. Further, a two-stage optimal designing approach was proposed to tackle the oversized design. The pump designing was performed by coupling with a CFD-based optimization procedure. An efficiency increase of near 10 % was achieved on the pump model validated in laboratory. It was proved that performance could be improved by increasing the impeller blade width and enlarging the impeller blade outlet angle. It was further shown that the erosion-corrosion wear in pulp pump was relatively lighter when compared to particle-impingement wear in slurry and sewage pump. Adoption of composite material showed potential in energy-saving in the pumping system.
Effective ion pathways and 3D conductive carbon networks in bentonite host enable stable and high-rate lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wu Lian , Dai Yongqiang , Zeng Wei , Huang Jintao , Liao Bing , Pang Hao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fast charge transfer and lithium-ion transport in the electrodes are necessary for high performance Li–S batteries. Herein, a N-doped carbon-coated intercalated-bentonite (Bent@C) with interlamellar ion path and 3D conductive network architecture is designed to improve the performance of Li–S batteries by expediting ion/electron transport in the cathode. The interlamellar ion pathways are constructed through inorganic/organic intercalation of bentonite. The 3D conductive networks consist of N-doped carbon, both in the interlayer and on the surface of the modified bentonite. Benefiting from the unique structure of the Bent@C, the S/Bent@C cathode exhibits a high initial capacity of 1,361 mA h g−1 at 0.2C and achieves a high reversible capacity of 618.1 m Ah g−1 at 2C after 500 cycles with a sulfur loading of 2 mg cm−2. Moreover, with a higher sulfur loading of 3.0 mg cm−2, the cathode still delivers a reversible capacity of 560.2 mA h g−1 at 0.1C after 100 cycles.
Computational fluid dynamic simulations and heat transfer characteristic comparisons of various arc-baffled channels
Authors: Menni Younes , Ameur Houari , Yao Shao-Wen , Amine Amraoui Mohammed , Inc Mustafa , Lorenzini Giulio , Ahmad Hijaz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this analysis, the baffling method is used to increase the efficiency of channel heat exchangers (CHEs). The present CFD (computational fluid dynamics)-based work aims to analyze the constant property, steady, turbulent, Newtonian, and incompressible fluid flow (air), in the presence of transverse-section, arc-shaped vortex generators (VGs) with two various geometrical models, i.e., arc towards the inlet section (called arc-upstream) and arc towards the outlet section (called arc-downstream), attached to the hot lower wall, in an in-line situation, through a horizontal duct. For the investigated range of Reynolds number (from 12,000 to 32,000), the order of the thermal exchange and pressure loss went from 1.599–3.309 to 3.667–21.103 times, respectively, over the values obtained with the unbaffled exchanger. The arc-downstream configuration proved its superiority in terms of thermal exchange rate by about 14% than the other shape of baffle. Due to ability to produce strong flows, the arc-downstream baffle has given the highest outlet bulk temperature.
Adsorption and separation behavior of palladium(II) from simulated high-level liquid waste using a novel silica-based adsorbents
Authors: Wu Hao , Osawa Naoki , Kubota Masahiko , Kim Seong-Yun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aiming at selective adsorption and separation of Pd(II) in nitric acid solution, a hybrid soft N and hard O donor adsorbent (TAMIA-EH+TOA)/SiO2–P (P = Polymer) was successfully synthesized. The adsorption performances of (TAMIA-EH+TOA)/SiO2–P adsorbent towards Pd(II) were systematically investigated as a function of contact time, effect of concentration of nitric acid, effect of temperature etc. Adsorption speed of Pd(II) was fairly fast and can reach equilibrium state within only 0.5 h. The distribution coefficient of Pd(II) was more than 103 when [HNO3] = 0.1. Though it decreased gradually with an increase in the concentration of HNO3, the adsorption selectivity of (TAMIA-EH+TOA)/SiO2–P adsorbent towards Pd(II) was still significant than other co-existing metal ions in the whole HNO3 range from 0.1 to 5 M. The adsorption isotherm of Pd(II) onto (TAMIA-EH+TOA)/SiO2–P adsorbent fitted well with Langmuir adsorption model but Freundlich isotherm model. The calculated results of adsorption thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process of Pd(II) was exothermic and happened in a natural way. Furthermore, the separation chromatography experiment by utilizing (TAMIA-EH+TOA)/SiO2–P adsorbent packed column was carried out. Based on the results of plotted elution curves, it was found that the successful recovery of Pd(II) (96.27%) was achieved by eluting with thiourea solution.
On the evolution of acceleration discontinuities in van der Waals dusty magnetogasdynamics
Authors: Srivastava Shobhit Kumar , Chaturvedi Rahul Kumar , Singh Lal Pratap 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article presents the study of the evolutionary behavior of plane and cylindrically symmetric acceleration discontinuities along the characteristic path under the effect of dust particles in a non-ideal magnetogasdynamic flow. Implications regarding the propagation of disturbances in planar and cylindrically symmetric flows have been shown. Using the characteristics of the governing quasilinear system as a reference coordinate system, we transform the fundamental equations and find the solution. It is explored how the dust particles, along with the nonideal parameter, will influence the steepening or flattening of the propagating waves in magnetic and nonmagnetic cases. The transport equation leading to the evolution of acceleration discontinuities is determined, which provides the relation for the occurrence of shock. The impact of non-idealness of the gas and dust on the evolutionary process of propagating waves for the magnetic and nonmagnetic cases are discussed. The comparison between the flow patterns and distortion of the propagating waves for planar and cylindrically symmetric flows is demonstrated under the various parameter effects.
Komposisi Fisikokimia Tepung Ubi Kayu dan Mocaf dari Tiga Genotipe Ubi Kayu Hasil Pemuliaan
Authors: Wa ode Nafilawati , Darmawati Emmy , Suro Mardjan Sutrisno , Khumaida Nurul 
Published: March 2021

Faktor penting yang mempengaruhi karakteristik fisikokimia tepung adalah bahan baku tepung, genotipe/varietas serta proses pengolahan dalam pembuatan tepung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi komposisi fisikokimia tepung ubi kayu dan mocaf dari tiga genotipe ubi kayu yaitu GX, G053 dan G390 yang merupakan hasil pemuliaan tim Croop Improvement IPB. Evaluasi komposisi fisikokimia dilakukan dengan menganalisis kadar air, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, abu, kadar HCN, rendemen dan derajat putih. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa setiap genotipe ubi kayu memiliki komposisi fisikokimia yang berbeda-beda dipengaruhi oleh jenis genotipe dan proses pengolahannya. Komposisi fisikokimia tepung ubi kayu dari genotipe G053 memiliki keunggulan rendemen (26.10%±0.01), karbohidrat (89.11%±0.015), protein (2.63%±0.014), derajat putih tertinggi (96.89%±0.02) serta kadar air terendah (6.73%±0.004). Tepung dari genotipe G390 memiliki keunggulan kadar abu (0.74%±0.015) dan lemak (0.59%±0.005) terendah. Tepung GX memiliki keunggulan HCN terendah (0.40 ppm±0.198). Komposisi fisikokimia mocaf dari genotipe G053 memiliki keunggulan yaitu karbohidrat, derajat putih tertinggi (98.44%±0.02) dan kadar air terendah (6.65%±0.004). Mocaf dari genotipe G390 memiliki protein (3.01%±0.018) tertinggi kadar abu (0.28%±0.002) dan lemak terendah (0.57%±0.004). Mocaf dari genotipe GX memiliki keunggulan dengan kadar rendemen tertinggi (28.57%±0.08) dan HCN terendah (0.20 ppm±0.10).