bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fruit flyAnastrepha obliquaharbors three kingdoms of life in its intestinal tract
Authors: Amores GR , Zepeda-Ramos G , García-Fajardo LV , Emilio Hernández , Karina Guillén-Navarro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe fruit flyAnastrepha obliquais an economically important pest for mango fruits in Mexico. The sterile insect technique is used to control this pest; it involves mass production and release of sterile flies to reduce reproduction of the wild population. As noted in different tephritidae, the performance of sterile males may be affected by the assimilation of nutrients under mass-rearing conditions. In the wild, the fly’s life cycle suggests the acquisition of different organisms that could modulate fitness and physiology of the fly. Therefore, the microorganisms lodged in the gut may be determinative. ForA. obliqua, there is no information regarding microorganisms other than bacteria. This study analyzed bacteria, fungi, and archaea communities in theA. obliquagut through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profile of 16S and 18S ribosomal DNA markers. Besides, 16S sequencing and phylogenetic analysis provided a better description of bacteria, and archaea communities. We found that wild flies presented higher microbial diversity than laboratory samples. Phylogeny analyses of wild samples suggest the presence of microbial species related to fructose assimilation while laboratory microbial species suggest the presence of microorganisms leading to a specialized metabolism to process yeast as result of the consumption of an artificial diet. Here, the archaea kingdom is suggested as an important player in fly metabolism. This is the first report of the intestinal microbial (bacteria, archaea and fungi) composition ofA. obliqua, which will aid in our understanding of the role of microorganisms in the development and physiology of the flies.
Disentangling Age and Schooling Effects on Inhibitory Control Development: An fNIRS Investigation
Authors: McKay Courtney , Wijeakumar Sobanawartiny , Rafetseder Eva , Shing Yee Lee 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChildren show marked improvements in executive functioning (EF) between 4 and 7 years of age. In many societies, this time period coincides with the start of formal school education, in which children are required to follow rules in a structured environment, drawing heavily on EF processes such as inhibitory control. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal development of two aspects of inhibitory control, namely response inhibition and response monitoring and their neural correlates. Specifically, we examined how their longitudinal development may differ by schooling experience, and their potential significance in predicting academic outcomes. Longitudinal data was collected in two groups of children at their homes. At T1, all children were roughly 4.5 years of age and neither group had attended formal schooling. One year later at T2, one group (P1, n = 40) had completed one full year of schooling while the other group (KG, n = 40) had stayed in kindergarten. Behavioural and brain activation data (measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS) in response to a Go/No-Go task and measures of academic achievement were collected. We found that P1 children, compared to KG children, showed a greater change over time in activation related to response monitoring in the bilateral frontal cortex. The change in left frontal activation difference showed a small positive association with mathematical ability, suggesting certain functional relevance of response monitoring for academic performance. Overall, the school environment is important in shaping the development of the neural network underlying monitoring of one own’s performance.Research HighlightsUsing a school cut-off design, we collected longitudinal home assessments of two aspects of inhibitory control, namely response inhibition and response monitoring, and their neural correlates.For response monitoring, P1 children showed a greater difference over time in activation between correct and incorrect responses in the bilateral frontal cortex.The left frontal activation difference in P1 children showed a small association with mathematical ability, suggesting some functional relevance of response monitoring for academic performance.The school environment plays an important role in shaping the development of the neural network underlying monitoring of one own’s performance.
SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing with Oxford Nanopore Technology and Rapid PCR Barcoding in Bolivia
Authors: Rollano-Peñaloza Oscar M. , Barrera Carmen Delgado , Michel Aneth Vasquez 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance has Illumina technology as the golden standard. However, Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) provides significant improvements in accessibility, turnaround time and portability. Characteristics that gives developing countries the opportunity to perform genome surveillance. The most used protocol to sequence SARS-CoV-2 with ONT is an amplicon-sequencing protocol provided by the ARTIC Network which requires DNA ligation. Ligation reagents can be difficult to obtain in countries like Bolivia. Thus, here we provide an alternative for library preparation using the rapid PCR barcoding kit (ONT). We mapped more than 3.9 million sequence reads that allowed us to sequence twelve SARS-CoV-2 genomes from three different Bolivian cities. The average sequencing depth was 324X and the average genome length was 29527 bp. Thus, we could cover in average a 98,7% of the reference genome. The twelve genomes were successfully assigned to four different nextstrain clades (20A, 20B, 20E and 20G) and we could observe two main lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Bolivia. Therefore, this alternative library preparation for SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing is effective to identify SARS-CoV-2 variants with high accuracy and without the need of DNA ligation. Hence, providing another tool to perform SARS-CoV-2 genome surveillance in developing countries.
Alkane-priming ofBeauveria bassianastrains to improve biocontrol of the redbanded stink bugPiezodorus guildiniiand the bronze bugThaumastocoris peregrinus
Authors: Sessa Lucía , Pedrini Nicolas , Altier Nora , Abreo Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

SummaryInsect Epicuticle hydrocarbons (CHC) are known to be important determinants in the susceptibility degree of insects to fungal entomopathogens. FiveBeauveria bassianaisolates were phenotypically analyzed regarding their response to CHC nutrition and their pathogenicity and virulence towards high fungal-susceptibleThaumastocoris peregrinusand low fungal-susceptiblePiezodorus guildinii, which are important hemipteran pests in eucalyptus and soybean plantations, respectively. Two of these isolates, resulting the most (ILBB308) and the least (ILBB299) virulent toP. guildinii, were also evaluated at gene expression level after growth on n-pentadecane.B. bassianamost virulent isolate ILBB308 showed the lowest growth on most evaluated CHC media. However, this isolate distinctively induced most of the analyzed genes involved in CHC assimilation, cuticle degradation and stress tolerance. Virulence towards low susceptibilityP. guildiniiwas enhanced in both hypervirulent ILB308 and hypovirulent ILBB299 isolates after growth onn-pentadecane as the sole carbon source, whereas virulence enhancement towards high susceptibilityT. peregrinuswas not observed in alkane-grown fungi. Virulence enhancement towardsP. guildiniicould be mostly explained by a priming effect produced by CHC on the induction of some genes related to hydrocarbon assimilation in ILB 205 and ILB 308, such as hydrophobin (Bbhyd2) and cytochrome P450 genes (BbCyp52g11 and BbCyp52×1), and partially by the induction of genes related to cuticle degradation (Bbchit and Bbcdep1) and stress tolerance (Bbsod1) observed only in ILB308.
ZomB is essential for chemotaxis of Vibrio alginolyticus by the rotational direction control of the polar flagellar motor
Authors: Takekawa Norihiro , Nishikino Tatsuro , Hori Kiyoshiro , Kojima Seiji , Imada Katsumi , Homma Michio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBacteria exhibit chemotaxis by controlling flagellar rotation to move toward preferred places or away from non-preferred places. The change in rotation is triggered by the binding of the chemotaxis signaling protein CheY to the C-ring in the flagellar motor. Some specific bacteria, including Vibrio spp. and Shewanella spp. have a single transmembrane protein called ZomB. ZomB is essential for controlling the flagellar rotational direction in Shewanella putrefaciens and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In this study, we confirmed that the zomB deletion results only in the counterclockwise (CCW) rotation of the motor in Vibrio alginolyticus as previously reported in other bacteria. We found that ZomB is not required for the clockwise (CW) rotation-fixing phenotype caused by mutations in fliG and fliM, and that ZomB is essential for CW rotation induced by overproduction of CheY. Purified ZomB proteins form multimers, indicating that ZomB functions as a complex. ZomB may interact with a protein involved in the flagellar rotation, stator proteins or rotor proteins. We found that ZomB is a new player in chemotaxis and is required for the rotational control in addition to CheY in Vibrio alginolyticus.ImportanceBacterial chemotaxis is performed by the control of the flagellar rotation. CheY and ZomB control the rotational direction of the flagellar motor in Vibrio spp. and Shewanella spp. In this study, we characterized ZomB in Vibrio alginolyticus, which is essential for the clockwise rotation of the motor.
Ultrastructural readout of in vivo synaptic activity for functional connectomics
Authors: Simon Anna , Roth Arnd , Sheridan Arlo , Fişek Mehmet , Marra Vincenzo , Racca Claudia , Funke Jan , Staras Kevin , Häusser Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLarge-volume ultrastructural mapping approaches yield detailed circuit wiring diagrams but lack an integrated synaptic activity readout which is essential for functional interpretation of the connectome. Here we resolve this limitation by combining functional synaptic labelling in vivo with focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIBSEM) and machine learning-based segmentation. Our approach generates high-resolution near-isotropic three-dimensional readouts of activated vesicle pools across large populations of individual synapses in a volume of tissue, opening the way for detailed functional connectomics studies. We apply this method to measure presynaptic activity in an ultrastructural context in synapses activated by sensory input in primary visual cortex in awake head-fixed mice, showing that the numbers of recycling and non-recycling vesicles approximate to a lognormal distribution across a large number of synapses. We also demonstrate that neighbouring boutons of the same axon, which share the same spiking activity, can differ greatly in their presynaptic release probability.
Biomechanical study of cellulose scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Latour Maxime Leblanc , Tarar Maryam , Hickey Ryan J. , Cuerrier Charles M. , Catelas Isabelle , Pelling Andrew E. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTPlant-derived cellulose biomaterials have recently been utilized in several tissue engineering applications. These naturally-derived cellulose scaffolds have been shown to be highly biocompatible in vivo, possess structural features of relevance to several tissues, and support mammalian cell invasion and proliferation. Recent work utilizing decellularized apple hypanthium tissue has shown that it possesses a pore size similar to trabecular bone and can successfully host osteogenic differentiation. In the present study, we further examined the potential of apple-derived cellulose scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE) and analyzed their mechanical properties in vitro and in vivo. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were seeded in cellulose scaffolds. Following chemically-induced osteogenic differentiation, scaffolds were evaluated for mineralization and for their mechanical properties. Alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining confirmed the osteogenic potential of the scaffolds. Histological analysis of the constructs revealed cell invasion and mineralization throughout the constructs. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of mineral aggregates on the scaffolds after culture in differentiation medium, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the presence of phosphate and calcium. However, although the Young’s modulus significantly increased after cell differentiation, it remained lower than that of healthy bone tissue. Interestingly, mechanical assessment of acellular scaffolds implanted in rat calvaria defects for 8 weeks revealed that the force required to push out the scaffolds from the surrounding bone was similar to that of native calvarial bone. In addition, cell infiltration and extracellular matrix deposition were visible within the implanted scaffolds. Overall, our results confirm that plant-derived cellulose is a promising candidate for BTE applications. However, the discrepancy in mechanical properties between the mineralized scaffolds and healthy bone tissue may limit their use to low load-bearing applications. Further structural re-engineering and optimization to improve the mechanical properties may be required for load-bearing applications.
Toward a mechanistic understanding of the magnetic field effect on N-80 carbon steel corrosion in aqueous HCl solution
Authors: Hashemizadeh Abbas , Ameri Mohammad Javad 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis study aims to describe the effect of magnetic field (MF) on the corrosion rate of N-80 carbon steel [N-80 carbon steel (CS)] in concentrated (12.5 Wt.%, 3.8 M) hydrochloric acid (HCl) using gravimetric weight loss (WL) measurements and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) in various conditions at ambient temperature.Design/methodology/approachThe effects of MF intensity, magnetization time and elapsed time on corrosion rate (CR) reduction (η) were studied.FindingsThe experimental results show that pre-magnetization of HCl sharply decreases the corrosion rate of N-80 carbon steel (CS) in acid. The maximumηwas found to be 94%. The surface of CS was analyzed with scanning electron microscope in normal and magnetized acid.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, no studies have delved into the effects of magnetization on the corrosion rate of CS in concentrated HCl solutions. All of the previous research studies deal with an external MF that is applied on the reaction cell, but the magnetization of fluid before coming in contact with CS is investigated for the first time. In the present work, the influence of MF on the corrosion rate of CS in HCl is illustrated using gravimetric WL and PDP methods. The effects of MF intensity as well as period of magnetization and elapsed time were verified in more than 35 tests.
Simulation of a passenger aircraft flight with the wing tip cut
Authors: Goraj Zdobyslaw Jan , Kowalski Mariusz , Kiszkowiak Łukasz , Olejnik Aleksander 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the result of simulations that were performed to assess the uncontrolled motion of the passenger aircraft following its wing tip was suddenly cut. Such a simulation can help to understand the tendencies of aircraft behaviour after wing tip cut, assess how fast this phenomenon is going on and estimate the values of angles of attack, sideslip and pitch angle basing on given aerodynamic characteristics. Also, answer the question if pilot can counteract high deviations from flight path initially planned during the final phase of approach to landing.

Design/methodology/approach
Simulation is based on the full non-linear equations of motion derived from generalised equations of change of momentum and moment of momentum of rigid body. Dynamic equations of motion in the so-called normal mode are solved in the so-called stability frame of reference.

Findings
It was found that asymmetric rolling moment must be compensated by essential increase of pitching moment. Moreover, it appeared that aircraft goes into high angles of attack and high pitch angle and, therefore, for reliable simulation, the available aerodynamic characteristics must include angles of attack till 90 degrees when total flow separation occurs.

Practical implications
For accurate simulation, it is strongly recommended to perform to perform first the wind tunnel testing in the range of +20o ÷ 120o and use it in flight simulation.

Originality/value
The presented methodology is an original for numerical simulation of flight trajectory during the final phase of approach to landing in a hazardous state of flight. For reliable simulation, the available aerodynamic characteristics must include angles of attack till 90 degrees when total flow separation occurs, whereas usually maximum angles of attack used in wind tunnel experiments for passenger aircraft are not higher than 25 degrees. The influence of limited range of experimental data on results of simulation is another value which can be adopted in the future investigations of hazardous states of flight.
Investigating the role of electric vehicle knowledge in consumer adoption: evidence from an emerging market
Authors: Jaiswal Deepak , Kant Rishi , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Yadav Rambalak 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe use of electric vehicles has received popularity as alternative fuel vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy cost, which are expected to perform a crucial role in the near future of emerging mobility markets. The purpose of this empirical study is to analyse the role of electric vehicle knowledge in predicting consumer adoption intention directly and indirectly in the backdrop of an emerging market.Design/methodology/approachThe study approached an extended version of “Technology acceptance model” (TAM) based on the integrated framework of “knowledge-beliefs-intention”. The model was tested via direct and indirect path analyses with the data collected from Indian respondents using an online survey.FindingsThe results indicate the robustness of the present research model, which shows that consumer adoption is significantly driven by electric vehicle knowledge, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived risk. Electric vehicle knowledge has emerged as the most powerful cognitive measure, which directly affects the adoption intention along with the measures of “TAM”. Additionally, this also poses a higher indirect effect on adoption intention in the integrated model.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has focused on potential young and educated consumers, which may not be warranted to generalise the research findings, while youth or millennials are more receptive to adopt innovative and clean technology products like electric vehicle. Based on the findings, implications are offered for encouraging electric vehicles in the backdrop of emerging automobile markets.Originality/valueConcerning this cognitive phenomenon of knowledge, scant literature has been explored the role of subjective knowledge in consumer adoption for electric vehicles, particularly in the emerging markets like India. Thus, the present study analyses how consumers' knowledge about electric vehicle affects their decision to adopt this in the near future of Indian zero-emission mobility market.
Assessing off-site readiness in construction organisations: cases from India
Authors: Bendi Deepthi , Rana Muhammad Qasim , Arif Mohammed , Lamb Steve Michael , Sawhney Anil , Kaushik Amit Kant 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to present factors affecting the Indian construction organisations in adopting off-site construction (OSC) methods.

Design/methodology/approach
An existing readiness maturity model has been used to assess three large organisations in different parts of India. A case study methodology has been adopted in this paper to highlight critical issues in OSC adoption in India.

Findings
This paper presents three case studies and concludes the Indian construction sectors readiness to adopt the OSC methods. Through the case studies, different issues related to the adoption of OSC have been identified and highlighted for the Indian construction sector. Although the three companies are large, there are several small- and medium-sized enterprises (SME) operating in India's construction sector, and future research shall be needed to review these SMEs.

Research limitations/implications
This research study is broadly focused on developing and assessing an OSC readiness framework for Indian construction organisations. The research scope and the population for data collection are limited to large construction organisations in India only.

Practical implications
The proposed OSC readiness maturity model guides construction practitioners in India through a structured process to assess their OSC readiness in the market. This assessment enables them to evaluate and benchmark their processes through the strategic and operational phases. This research will add to the existing knowledge of OSC in India by mapping issues relevant to India's construction industry. The research has provided background on the status of OSC, the drivers and barriers affecting the implementation of OSC techniques in the Indian construction industry.

Originality/value
Through the three case studies, several factors related to the implementation of OSC methods have been identified and highlighted within the Indian construction sector. Although the model has been applied to the Indian construction sector, it can easily be modified to fit into other areas and similar dynamics and business conditions.
Transformation of construction project management toward situational awareness
Authors: Lappalainen Eelon Mikael , Seppänen Olli , Peltokorpi Antti , Singh Vishal 
Published: July 2021

PurposeWith the ongoing digitalization of the construction industry (CI), situational awareness (SA) is becoming increasingly important in construction management. The purpose of this article is to identify the requirements of SA system development in the CI and to provide recommendations for the future development of SA systems.Design/methodology/approachIn this exploratory multi-case research study, a literature review and five Finnish cases were used to gather the evidence on how system developers have planned SA systems and what motives and objectives were behind their development efforts. An analysis of the cases, along with a review of SA models and concepts from other sectors, was used to identify requirements and deficiencies of the SA systems developed by CI actors.FindingsThis study reveals deficiencies in the recent SA systems. The systems seemed to be based on traditional project models, in which the role of the individual as the creator and interpreter of an SA system is still significant. Major requirements and future development of the systems are related to better SA levels of perception and projection and data quality.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to an understudied area of SA in the construction context and provides new insights into how construction companies develop their SA systems. The main study limitations are its geographically limited case selection and the limited generalizability of the results.Practical implicationsThe research (1) shows what requirements and systemic weaknesses SA developers in the CI must consider in future development work and (2) shows developers the requirements to obtain holistic SA.Originality/valueThe study provides insights into the content of newly developed SA models and integrates developers' requirements into the SA theory.