bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective and Objective Measures in Assessing Neck Disability and Pain in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Magaña Linda C. , Murati Sebastian , Riffitts Michelle , Harrison Christine , Harris Alexandria , Sowa Gwendolyn , Johnson Jonas T. , Bell Kevin , Nilsen Marci 
Published: March 2021

Objective/HypothesisThe intensification of treatment for head and neck cancers (HNCs) has created a cohort of patients living with short‐ and long‐term comorbidities and functional deficits. This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) and objective measures of neck function in survivors of HNCs.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThirty‐one subjects (aged 64 ± 8.7 years; 28 males and three females) were recruited and completed the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and a numeric pain scale. At the same visit, subjects were fitted with two portable motion sensors to collect range of motion (ROM) and velocity data. Differences between ROM, velocity, and PRO subgroups were assessed using a one‐tailed t test (*P < .05). The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was calculated between the NDI values and the ROM and velocity values for each motion.ResultsA moderate correlation (r = 0.507) was observed between NDI and neck pain. Patients with no disability according to the NDI had significantly higher ROM and velocity than patients with mild to moderate disability. Velocity in all degrees of freedom (axial rotation, flexion and extension, and lateral bending) was significantly lower for patients who perceived higher levels of neck pain and neck disability.ConclusionsThis study notes that patients who report neck disability and pain have more limited ROM and velocity following HNC treatment. These data may improve treatment planning and care delivery by facilitating an understanding of the experiences of HNC survivors and the pathophysiology that must be targeted to address their psychosocial and functional deficits.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:2015–2022, 2021
RETRACTED: Fabrication of a superhydrophobic surface on Al alloy 5052 via combined anodic oxidation and fluorination treatment
Authors: Telmenbayar Lkhagvaa , Erdenebat Tumur‐Ochir , Song Minjung , Yang Daejeong , Adam Gopal Ramu , Choi Dongjin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, a superhydrophobic surface was successfully prepared on Al alloy 5052 using a simple anodic oxidation method followed by fluorination treatment. This study demonstrates the construction of rough structure of Al oxide by an anodic oxidation reaction, which improves the superhydrophobicity of the alloy. The top, tilt, and cross‐views of the samples were characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam. The chemical composition of the samples was analyzed by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The structure of the surface was effectively modified as the anodization time increased. The optimum anodic oxidation reaction was carried out for 4 min in a 0.2‐M H3PO4 aqueous electrolyte at 50°C under a constant voltage of 120 V to create a pore‐and‐dendrite hybrid nanostructure. The water contact angle values were maximized in the hybrid nanostructure because their solid fraction area was smaller than that in the porous structure. Corrosion measurements proved that the superhydrophobic surface can significantly inhibit the corrosion of the substrate alloy with an inhibition efficiency of 99.99%. In addition, the prepared superhydrophobic sample exhibited good self‐cleaning properties.
Enrichment of novel Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, and Krumholzibacteria in an oxygen‐limited methane‐ and iron‐fed bioreactor inoculated with Bothnian Sea sediments
Authors: Dalcin Martins Paula , de Jong Anniek , Lenstra Wytze K. , van Helmond Niels A. G. M. , Slomp Caroline P. , Jetten Mike S. M. , Welte Cornelia U. , Rasigraf Olivia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMicrobial methane oxidation is a major biofilter preventing larger emissions of this powerful greenhouse gas from marine coastal areas into the atmosphere. In these zones, various electron acceptors such as sulfate, metal oxides, nitrate, or oxygen can be used. However, the key microbial players and mechanisms of methane oxidation are poorly understood. In this study, we inoculated a bioreactor with methane‐ and iron‐rich sediments from the Bothnian Sea to investigate microbial methane and iron cycling under low oxygen concentrations. Using metagenomics, we investigated shifts in microbial community composition after approximately 2.5 years of bioreactor operation. Marker genes for methane and iron cycling, as well as respiratory and fermentative metabolism, were identified and used to infer putative microbial metabolism. Metagenome‐assembled genomes representing novel Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, and Krumholzibacteria were recovered and revealed a potential for methane oxidation, organic matter degradation, and iron cycling, respectively. This work brings new hypotheses on the identity and metabolic versatility of microorganisms that may be members of such functional guilds in coastal marine sediments and highlights that microorganisms potentially composing the methane biofilter in these sediments may be more diverse than previously appreciated.
Phase Ib Study of the Oral Proteasome Inhibitor Ixazomib (MLN9708) and Fulvestrant in Advanced ER+ Breast Cancer Progressing on Fulvestrant
Authors: Schwartz Gary , Shee Kevin , Romo Bianca , Marotti Jonathan , Kisselev Alexei , Lewis Lionel , Miller Todd 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLessons LearnedBackgroundFulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor (ER)-downregulating antiestrogen that blocks ER transcriptional activity and is approved for ER-positive (+) breast cancer. Fulvestrant also induces accumulation of insoluble ER and activates an unfolded protein response; proteasome inhibitors have been shown to enhance these effects in preclinical models.MethodsThis is a single-center phase Ib study with a 3+3 design of fulvestrant and the proteasome inhibitor ixazomib (MLN9708) in patients with advanced ER+ breast cancer that was progressing on fulvestrant. A dose-escalation design allowed establishment of the ixazomib maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives included progression-free survival, pharmacokinetics, and tumor molecular analyses.ResultsAmong nine evaluable subjects, treatment was well-tolerated without dose-limiting toxicities The MTD of ixazomib was 4 mg in combination with fulvestrant. Plasma concentrations of the active form of ixazomib (MLN2238) in the 4-mg dose cohort had a median (range) maximal concentration (Cmax) of 155 (122–171) ng/mL, time of maximal concentration (Tmax) of 1 (1–1.5) hour, terminal elimination half-life of 66.6 (57.3–102.6) hour after initial dose, and area under the curve (AUC) of 5,025 (4,160–5,345) ng*h/mL. One partial response was observed, and median progression-free survival was 51 days (range, 47–137).ConclusionThis drug combination has a favorable safety profile and antitumor activity in patients with fulvestrant-resistant advanced ER+ breast cancer that justifies future testing.
Conflict or Conversation? Media Portrayals of the Science of Reading
Authors: MacPhee Deborah , Handsfield Lara J. , Paugh Patricia 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTIn this article, we contend that in media stories on the science of reading, journalists have relied on strategic metaphorical framing to present reading education as a public crisis with a narrow and settled solution. Drawing on data from a critical metaphor analysis of 37 media stories, we demonstrate how frames used in recent media reporting have intensified the reading wars, promoting conflict and hampering conversation among stakeholders and across research paradigms and methodologies. The media have asserted a direct connection between basic research and instructional practice that, without sufficient translational research that attends to a variety of instructional contexts and student populations, may perpetuate inequities. We end with an example of collaboration and a challenge to reframe reading education in ways that center collaboration and conversation rather than conflict.
Research Progress in Organic Synthesis by Means of Photoelectrocatalysis
Authors: Li Pengyan , Zhang Tingting , Mushtaq Muhammad Asim , Wu Siqin , Xiang Xu , Yan Dongpeng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of radical chemistry has spurred several innovative strategies for organic synthesis. The novel approaches for organic synthesis play a critical role in promoting and regulating the single‐electron redox activity. Among them, photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) has attained considerable attention as the most promising strategy to convert organic compounds into fine chemicals. This review highlights the current progress in organic synthesis through PEC, including various catalytic reactions, catalyst systems and practical applications. The numerous catalytic reactions suffer the high overpotential and poor conversion efficiency, depending on the design of electrolyzers and the reaction mechanisms. We also considered the recent developments with special emphasis on scientific problems and efficient solutions, which enhance accessibility to utilize and further develop the photoelectrocatalytic technology for the specific chemical bonds formation and the fabrication of numerous catalytic systems.
Performance‐based IADL evaluation of older adults with cognitive impairment within a smart home: A feasibility study
Authors: Rawtaer Iris , Abdul Jabbar Khalid , Liu Xiao , Ying Thit Thit Htat , Giang Anh Thuy , Yap Philip Lin Kiat , Cheong Rachael Chin Yee , Tan Hwee Pink , Lee Pius , Wee Shiou Liang , Ng Tze Pin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by subtle deficits that functional assessment via informant‐report measures may not detect. Sensors can potentially detect deficits in everyday functioning in MCI. This study aims to establish feasibility and acceptability of using sensors in a smart home for performance‐based assessments of two instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).MethodsThirty‐five older adults (>65 years) performed two IADL tasks in a smart home laboratory equipped with sensors and a web camera. Participants’ cognitive states were determined using published criteria including measures of global cognition and comprehensive neuropsychological test batteries. Selected subtasks of the IADL assessment were autonomously captured by the sensors. Total time taken for each task and subtask were computed. A point scoring system captured accuracy and number of attempts. Acceptability of the smart home setup was assessed.ResultsParticipants with MCI (n = 21) took longer to complete both tasks than participants with healthy cognition (HC; n = 14), with significant time differences observed only in "Cost calculation." Completion time for IADL tasks and scores correlated in the expected direction with global cognition. Over 95% of the participants found the smart home assessment acceptable and a positive experience.DiscussionWe demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the use of unobtrusive commercially available sensors in a smart home for facilitating parts of the objective assessment of IADL in older adults. Future studies need to identify more IADLs that are suitable for semi‐automated or automated assessments through the use of simple, low‐cost sensors.
Voices That Shape Investment Treaties: Inside, Outside and Among States
Authors: Mavromati Chrysoula , Spottiswood Sarah 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInvestment arbitration awards often give the impression that investment treaties are designed to reflect the interests of two actors: “investors” and “states”. There are in fact a myriad of actors, or “voices”, behind each word in an investment agreement. This chapter identifies three broad categories of voices: voices inside, outside and among states. It explores the range of voices that influence investment treaty text by reference to those three categories. The chapter argues that modern investment treaties are multifaceted texts that are influenced by a range of voices from within and outside of government.
Screening of Foreign Direct Investment and the States’ Security Interests in Light of the OECD, UNCTAD and Other International Guidelines
Authors: Accaoui Lorfing Pascale 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter analyses the concept of the “national security interest”, which is widely recognised as allowing a state to determine which areas of its economy are restricted or prohibited to foreign investors. This chapter seeks to identify what constitutes a threat for a state and how that threat is managed both domestically and internationally. Despite the recognition of a state’s right to take measures it considers essential to its security, there are limits. The rules established by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and other international instruments are non-binding but can serve as a guide for states in determining the limits of the national security approach. International investment agreements can restrict the right of states to take security-related measures. Finally, customary international law, in light of the good faith obligation, can serve as a basis for assessing measures taken by a state and pave the way for a better balance between the rights of a state and those of foreign investors.
Rodier type theorem for generalized principal series
Authors: Luo Caihua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGiven a regular supercuspidal representation $$\rho $$
ρ
of the Levi subgroup M of a standard parabolic subgroup $$P=MN$$

P
=
M
N

in a connected reductive group G defined over a non-archimedean local field F, we serve you a Rodier type structure theorem which provides us a geometrical parametrization of the set $$JH(Ind^G_P(\rho ))$$

J
H
(
I
n

d
P
G

(
ρ
)

)

of Jordan–Hölder constituents of the Harish-Chandra parabolic induction representation $$Ind^G_P(\rho )$$

I
n

d
P
G

(
ρ
)

, vastly generalizing Rodier structure theorem for $$P=B=TU$$

P
=
B
=
T
U

Borel subgroup of a connected split reductive group about 40 years ago. Our novel contribution is to overcome the essential difficulty that the relative Weyl group $$W_M=N_G(M)/M$$

W
M

=

N
G

(
M
)

/
M

is not a coxeter group in general, as opposed to the well-known fact that the Weyl group $$W_T=N_G(T)/T$$

W
T

=

N
G

(
T
)

/
T

is a coxeter group. Along the way, we sort out all regular discrete series/tempered/generic representations for arbitrary G, generalizing Tadić’s work on regular discrete series representation for split $$(G)Sp_{2n}$$

(
G
)

S

p

2
n

and $$SO_{2n+1}$$

S

O

2
n
+
1

, and also providing a new simple proof of Casselman–Shahidi’s theorem on generalized injectivity conjecture for regular generalized principal series. Indeed, such a beautiful structure theorem also holds for finite central covering groups.
How to Measure/Calculate Radiation Dose in Patients?
Authors: Loose Reinhard , Wucherer Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPatients in fluoroscopically guided interventions (FGI) may be exposed to substantial radiation dose levels (SRDL). The most commonly reported adverse reactions are skin injuries with erythema or necrosis. It is therefore important for the interventional radiologist to know deterministic effects with their threshold doses. If possible all relevant modality parameters should be displayed on the interventionalists screen. Dosimetric parameters should be displayed in digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) units and stored as DICOM Radiation Dose Structured Report (RDSR). The peak skin dose (PSD) is the most relevant risk parameter for skin injuries. Dose management systems (DMS) help optimising radiation exposure of patients. However, their calculation of skin dose maps is only available after a FGI. Therefore, dose maps and PSD should preferably be calculated and displayed in real time by the modality.
Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model
Authors: Barello Serena , Caruso Rosario , Palamenghi Lorenzo , Nania Tiziana , Dellafiore Federica , Bonetti Loris , Silenzi Andrea , Marotta Claudia , Graffigna Guendalina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands.

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed.

Results
The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501).

Conclusions
These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.
Continuous recording of vital signs with a wearable device in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer—an operational feasibility study
Authors: Koenig Christa , Ammann Roland A. , Kuehni Claudia E. , Roessler Jochen , Brack Eva 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Pediatric patients with cancer are at high risk for severe infections. Infections can trigger changes of vital signs long before clinical symptoms arise. Continuous recording may detect such changes earlier than discrete measurements. We aimed to assess the feasibility of continuous recording of vital signs by a wearable device (WD) in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer.

Methods
In this prospective, observational single-center study, pediatric patients under chemotherapy wore the Everion® WD for 14 days. The predefined patient-specific goal was heart rate recorded in good quality during ≥18/24 h per day, on ≥7 consecutive days. The predefined criterion to claim feasibility was ≥15/20 patients fulfilling this patient-specific goal.

Results
Twenty patients were included (median age, 6 years; range, 2–16). Six patients aged 3–16 years fulfilled the patient-specific goal. Quality of heart rate recording was good during 3992 of 6576 (61%) hours studied and poor during 300 (5%) hours, and no data was recorded during 2284 (35%) hours. Eighteen of 20 participants indicated that this WD is acceptable to measure vital signs in children under chemotherapy.

Conclusion
The predefined feasibility criterion was not fulfilled. This was mainly due to important compliance problems and independent of the WD itself. However, continuous recording of vital signs was possible across a very wide age range in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. We recommend to study feasibility in the Everion® again, plus in further WDs, applying measures to enhance compliance.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04134429) on October 22, 2019.
Upscaling of LATP synthesis: Stoichiometric screening of phase purity and microstructure to ionic conductivity maps
Authors: Schiffmann Nikolas , Bucharsky Ethel C. , Schell Karl G. , Fritsch Charlotte A. , Knapp Michael , Hoffmann Michael J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP) is known to have a high Li-ion conductivity and is therefore a potential candidate as a solid electrolyte. Via sol-gel route, it is already possible to prepare the material at laboratory scale in high purity and with a maximum Li-ion conductivity in the order of 1·10−3 s/cm at room temperature. However, for potential use in a commercial, battery-cell upscaling of the synthesis is required. As a first step towards this goal, we investigated whether the sol-gel route is tolerant against possible deviations in the concentration of the precursors. In order to establish a possible process window for sintering, the temperature interval from 800 °C to 1100 °C and holding times of 10 to 480 min were evaluated. The resulting phase compositions and crystal structures were examined by X-ray diffraction. Impedance spectroscopy was performed to determine the electrical properties. The microstructure of sintered pellets was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and correlated to both density and ionic conductivity. It is shown that the initial concentration of the precursors strongly influences the formation of secondary phases like AlPO4 and LiTiOPO4, which in turn have an influence on ionic conductivity, densification behavior, and microstructure evolution.
Combination of lymphocyte count and albumin concentration as a new prognostic biomarker for rectal cancer
Authors: Yamamoto Takehito , Kawada Kenji , Hida Koya , Matsusue Ryo , Itatani Yoshiro , Mizuno Rei , Yamaguchi Takashi , Ikai Iwao , Sakai Yoshiharu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have highlighted the prognostic values of various inflammation-related markers, clinical significance remains to be elucidated. The prognostic values of inflammation-related biomarkers for rectal cancer were investigated in this study. A total of 448 patients with stage II/III rectal cancer undergoing curative resection were enrolled from the discovery cohort (n = 240) and validation cohort (n = 208). We comprehensively compared the prognostic values of 11 inflammation-related markers-derived from neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, monocyte, albumin, and C-reactive protein for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Among 11 inflammation-related markers, only “lymphocyte × albumin (LA)” was significantly associated with both OS and RFS in the discovery cohort (P = 0.007 and 0.015, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that low LA was significantly associated with poor OS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–4.58, P = 0.025), and poor RFS (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.01–2.80, P = 0.048). Furthermore, using the discovery cohort, we confirmed that low LA was significantly associated with poor OS (HR 2.89, 95% CI 1.42–6.00, P = 0.002), and poor RFS (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.04–2.95, P = 0.034). LA can be a novel prognostic biomarker for stage II/III rectal cancer.