bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USP8‐Dependent Family Tyrosine Kinase Promotes the Malignant Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Upregulating Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Expression
Authors: Wu Yuechang , Xian Dubiao , Liu Yunzhong , Huang Ding , Liu Qingfeng , Yang Shubo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a lethal malignancy, and the molecular underpinnings of its aggressive behavior are not fully understood. FYN proto‐oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (FYN) has been linked to cancer progression, yet its role in ESCC remains elusive. This study investigated the influence of FYN on ESCC malignancy.MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of FYN, while western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed to detect the protein expression of FYN, ubiquitin specific peptidase 8 (USP8) and protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2). Cell viability was measured with a cell counting kit‐8 assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.ResultsFYN expression was increased in ESCC tissues and cells when compared with normal esophageal tissues and normal esophageal epithelial cells. Knockdown of FYN inhibited cell invasion, migration, stem‐like traits, and glycolysis, while promoting apoptosis. USP8 was shown to stabilize FYN protein expression through its deubiquitinating activity in ESCC cells. Overexpression of FYN reversed the effects of USP8 silencing on the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. FYN upregulated PTK2 expression in both TE1 and KYSE150 cell lines. Furthermore, PTK2 overexpression reversed the effects of FYN silencing on the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Further, USP8 silencing‐induced inhibitory effect on PTK2 protein expression was counteracted after FYN overexpression.ConclusionUSP8‐dependent FYN contributed to the malignant progression of ESCC by interacting with PTK2. Targeting this pathway may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for ESCC treatment.
Etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse in early midlife
Authors: Lumpe Erin , Pascale Angela , Stephenson Mallory , Barr Peter , Cooke Megan E. , Latvala Antti , Maes Hermine H. M. , Aaltonen Sari , Piirtola Maarit , Viken Richard , Rose Richard J. , Sipilä Pyry N. , Keski‐Rahkonen Anna , Vuoksimaa Eero , Kaprio Jaakko , Dick Danielle M. , Salvatore Jessica E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly midlife individuals (ages 30–40) experience demographic shifts that may influence the remainder of adult life. Although new or persistent alcohol misuse is common during this period, early midlife is understudied in alcohol use literature. We examined the heritability of alcohol misuse; the associations between alcohol misuse and sociodemographic factors, physical health, and well‐being; and whether these associations were robust in cotwin comparisons.MethodsParticipants were 1446 Finnish twin pairs and 748 nonpaired Finnish twins with mean age 34 years. The alcohol misuse index was a composite measure of frequency of use, intoxication, heavy episodic drinking, and alcohol problems assessed with the Malmö‐modified Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index. Early midlife correlates included relationship status and length, family formation, unemployment status, education level, self‐rated health, pain, sleeping difficulties, life satisfaction, psychological health, and other substance use. We employed a sex‐limitation model to estimate early midlife heritability. Linear and fixed effects regression models were used for individual and cotwin comparison analyses, respectively.ResultsAdditive genetic (A) and unique environmental (E) components of alcohol misuse variance differed across sex (Females: A = 62%, E = 38%; Males: A = 49%, E = 51%). In individual‐based analyses, higher scores on the alcohol misuse index were associated with lower relationship stability, financial situation, education level, self‐rated health, physical fitness, life satisfaction and psychological health, and higher self‐reported pain, sleep difficulties, unemployment rates and other substance use (R2 = 0.008–0.12). Associations remained significant in cotwin comparison analyses (R2 = 0.004–0.10) except for financial situation and education level.ConclusionsThere is evidence of sex differences in the etiological factors that influence early midlife drinking. After controlling for confounding familial factors, associations between alcohol misuse and poorer early midlife functioning largely remained, suggesting that alcohol misuse may play a role in poorer functioning across several outcomes.
Where diversity grows: Reflections on translocational positionality and identity, difference, and belonging
Authors: Ng Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractResearchers have increasingly understood their positionality should be actively considered. However, these considerations usually focus on select characteristics, treat “identity” as a fixed construct, and are limited to discussions of research methodology. Returning to fieldnotes from one community that has long exemplified the phenomenon of new‐destination immigration, this reflection is an exercise of rethinking my own positionality in translocational terms where context, meaning, and time were related influences on my identification with‐ and in‐place.
Hills thought to be mountains: A geobiocultural characterization of island highlands in Canada's continental plain
Authors: Humphries Murray M. , Bowser A. Kirsten , Guo Jiaao , Menzies Allyson K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNorth America is characterized by an expansive continental plain that has been described as platter‐flat. Yet this central continental plain includes isolated uplands that some people call mountains. The hill‐mountain muddle is a classic problem of geomorphology, arising from the challenge of discriminating continuous, attached forms. Here we approach this problem initially by using crisp, terrain‐only classification approaches. We overlay a global mountain classifier with a plain and prairie designation to identify 20 mountains in Canada's continental plain, then apply a landform classification tool to delineate their spatial extents and to locate adjacent, equal‐area lowlands. We then characterize and compare the attributes of uplands and adjacent lowlands with 15 geobiocultural indicators reflective of the intersections of land, life, and people. Supporting our hypothesis that small, isolated uplands in the continental plain have distinctiveness disproportionate to their dimensions, the 20 uplands are indeed modest in elevation, prominence, and isolation, but distinct in geobiological characteristics relative to adjacent lowlands. The geobiocultural distinctiveness of uplands in the plain relative to surrounding lowlands causes these local prominences to stand out, to seem higher than they are, and to be hills described or named as mountains.
Measuring the use of energy poverty coping strategies and the heat‐or‐eat trade‐off in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia
Authors: Debanné Laurianne , Riva Mylène , Bertheussen Morgen , MacDonald Graham , Das Runa , Kutuka Sophie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn Bridgewater, a small town in Nova Scotia, around 40% of households face energy poverty. Little research has examined energy poverty in Canada and how it affects the well‐being of households. The aim of this study was to identify the ways households cope with energy poverty across socio‐economic characteristics, paying particular attention to the heat‐or‐eat trade‐off. Data were collected using a community‐based survey on housing, energy use and costs, coping strategies, socio‐economic characteristics, and well‐being. Overall, 516 residents of Bridgewater completed the survey. Cross‐tabulations and logistic regressions were used to analyze the data. Results indicate that the use of coping strategies was higher among women compared to men, young adults compared to other age groups, in households with children, and in lower‐income households. Over one‐third of respondents reported using the heat‐or‐eat trade‐off. Women, young adults, those in dwellings in need of repairs, and those with lower education levels and lower household incomes were more likely to use the heat‐or‐eat trade‐off. Our findings reveal that households vulnerable to energy poverty are forced to use a range of coping strategies, including strategies beyond those captured by the heat‐or‐eat trade‐off. Better understanding the experience of households facing energy poverty can inform the creation of effective support programs.
Evaluation of MAGE‐A4 expression in breast cancer and its impact on prognosis
Authors: Nakamura Kaho , Saito Kanako , Higashi Chihiro , Kozuka Yuji , Yuasa Hiroto , Nishimura Yurina , Ishitobi Makoto , Ishihara Mikiya , Mizuno Toshiro , Tawara Isao , Shiraishi Taizo , Ogawa Tomoko , Kageyama Shinichi , Miyahara Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMelanoma‐associated antigen (MAGE)‐A4, a cancer testis antigen, presents a promising target for chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in refractory solid tumors, including breast cancer (BC). However, the lack of highly specific Abs against MAGE‐A4 is a major challenge for the development of MAGE‐A4‐targeted immunotherapies. This study aimed to validate the specificity of a novel MAGE‐A4 Ab (E701U) and examine MAGE‐A4 expression in clinical BC samples. MAGE‐A1, ‐A2B, ‐A3, ‐A4, ‐A6, ‐A9, ‐A10, and ‐A12 genes were transfected into HEK293 cells. MAGE‐A4 expression in each inserted cell block was evaluated using an E701U Ab. Subsequently, we evaluated MAGE‐A4 expression in 403 primary BC tissue samples by immunohistochemistry using E701U and analyzed the clinical impact of MAGE‐A4 in patients with early BC. The results showed that MAGE‐A4 expression was limited to cells transduced with the MAGE‐A4 gene. MAGE‐A4 expression was observed in 5.7% of the BC samples. Positivity in triple‐negative BC was significantly higher than in the other subtypes. The 5‐year overall survival rate of patients with MAGE‐A4(+) was significantly worse than those with MAGE‐A4(−) BC. Moreover, the 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rate of patients with MAGE‐A4(+) BC was significantly lower than that of patients with MAGE‐A4(−) BC. MAGE‐A4 expression was an independent prognostic factor for RFS. In conclusion, the E701U Ab showed reliable specificity for MAGE‐A4 expression among MAGE family genes. Patients with MAGE‐A4(+) BC have an unfavorable prognosis and represent potential candidates for MAGE‐A4‐specific immunotherapy.
PEG Precipitation to Detect Macro‐TSH in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review
Authors: Piticchio Tommaso , Chiardi Isabella , Tumminia Andrea , Frasca Francesco , Rotondi Mario , Trimboli Pierpaolo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMacro‐thyroid‐stimulating hormone (macro‐TSH) is a complex formed by monomeric TSH with anti‐TSH antibodies, causing falsely elevated TSH levels and potential misdiagnosis of hypothyroidism. Identification of macro‐TSH is essential for proper treatment and patient follow‐up. Its diagnostic gold standard is gel filtration chromatography (GFC), which is very expensive, time‐consuming, and rarely available. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation is more accessible and inexpensive. The aim of the study was to review evidence on PEG precipitation for the detection of macro‐TSH to standardize its application in clinical practice.MethodsAccording to PRISMA guidelines, we conducted up to August 2024 a comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus databases, using terms related to macro‐TSH and PEG precipitation.ResultsWe included 23 studies with 4476 subjects, encompassing 10 observational studies and 13 case series/reports. All studies showed a low risk of bias. They were conducted in tertiary centres and included newborns to elderly subjects. The most of evidence about the procedure has been achieved with PEG concentrations of 12.5%. The PEG‐precipitable TSH of the macro‐TSH cases was always higher than 75% ranging on average from 81% to 90%. No‐macro‐TSH cases (controls) showed a PEG‐precipitable TSH percentage ranging from 44.1% to 61.8%.ConclusionsPEG precipitation can be taken into account as a useful diagnostic tool for macro‐TSH. However, it is necessary to perform PEG precipitation in cases with a highly suspicious clinical picture and at the same time perform all available ancillary tests. PEG‐precipitable TSH > 75% can be considered a reliable diagnostic threshold for macro‐TSH cases.
Primary Systemic Amyloidosis Characterized by Multiple Keratinous Cysts: A Case Report
Authors: Lu Xiaoou , Fu Weiwei , Xie Demin , Li Fengjuan , Zhang Jiali , Wang Da , Sun Yu , Chen Hongquan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA 67‐year‐old male presented with plaques around the orbit and ecchymosis on the neck and back of hands for 2 years. Physical examination showed seborrheic‐keratosis‐like plaques around the orbit, ecchymosis on the neck and back of hands, as well as nail dystrophy. Serum λ light chain was positive. Histopathological examination demonstrated multiple keratinous cysts in the dermis and eosinophilic homogeneous material in the dermis, which was positive for Congo red with apple‐green birefringence on polarized light. Kidney biopsy showed deposition of acellular eosinophilic material in the arteriole wall. Congo red staining was positive. A bone marrow biopsy revealed multiple myeloma. The diagnosis of primary systemic amyloidosis with multiple myeloma was made.
Repatriation and Ethnographic Archives: Katherine Routledge's Mangareva Field Notes in the Royal Geographic Society Collections
Authors: Flexner James L. , Evans Sarah L. , Hugues Albert Faahei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTJust over 100 years after Katherine Routledge's 1921–1922 expedition to the Mangareva Islands, digitized copies of a portion of her field notes from the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) in London were returned to the source community in French Polynesia. Historical ethnographic fieldnotes represent an underutilized primary source of cultural knowledge in repatriation activities as part of a broader push by cultural institutions to decolonize. Broadening access to this kind of information raises unresolved issues about how best to manage archival documents among Oceanic communities living in a digital world. Ongoing questions include the legitimacy of digital return of documents or objects as opposed to physical originals; and how much use or value source communities receive from such returns. We advocate for addressing these on a case‐by‐case basis, in conversation with community collaborators, and explain our reasoning and approaches in this Mangarevan example.
Effects of choline alfoscerate on cognitive function and quality of life in type 2 diabetes: A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Sohn Minji , Park Young Ho , Lim Soo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsThis study evaluated the effects of choline alfoscerate on cognitive function and quality of life in T2DM patients with mild cognitive decrements.Materials and MethodsIn a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial, we recruited 36 individuals with T2DM and mild cognitive impairment which was assessed by the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 25–28, and randomly assigned them to receive either 1200 mg/day of choline alfoscerate or a placebo. Four additional questionnaires—the 36‐Item Short Form Survey, the modified Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, the Korean version of Activities of Daily Living, and the Patient Health Questionnaire—were investigated at 6 and 12 months and analysed via mixed‐effects models for repeated measures.ResultsThe mean age of study participants was 71.8 ± 5.3 years and 69.4% women. Six‐month treatment with choline alfoscerate resulted in a non‐significant increase in the MMSE score from 26.2 ± 1.3 to 26.9 ± 2.0, whereas the placebo group showed a non‐significant decline from 26.6 ± 1.3 to 25.9 ± 2.3, resulting in a mean difference of +1.4 between the two groups (p = 0.059). At 12 months, the mean difference increased to +1.7 with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Physical health, as measured by the SF‐36 survey, was significantly better in the choline alfoscerate group than in the placebo group.ConclusionsCholine alfoscerate 1200 mg once daily treatment showed marginal improvement in cognitive function in T2DM patients with mild cognitive impairment at 6 months but leading to significance at 12 months compared to placebo, suggesting its potential as an adjunct therapy for managing early cognitive decline.
Self‐Transcendence as a Risk and Resilience Factor in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
Authors: Reischer Hollen N. , Cowan Henry R. , Johnson Kristen M. , Mittal Vijay A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimSelf‐transcendence is a personality feature and psychological resource that involves feelings of connectedness with the universe, all of humanity, and the individual self. Self‐transcendence has been positively associated with both positive psychotic symptoms and clinical high risk for developing psychosis status, but studies reporting these findings focus solely on the connectedness‐with‐universe aspect of self‐transcendence. The broader self‐transcendence literature, which also includes connection with humanity and oneself, robustly supports self‐transcendence as an indicator of well‐being. Given this discrepancy, we sought to understand whether self‐transcendence should be considered a risk or resilience factor for youth at clinical high risk.MethodsWe operationalised self‐transcendence using two more holistic measures novel to the clinical high risk population. Clinical high risk participants (n = 42) and healthy controls (n = 44) completed the Adult Self‐Transcendence Inventory and participated in narrative life story interviews which were coded for self‐transcendence themes.Results and DiscussionClinical high risk individuals scored lower than healthy controls on measures of self‐transcendence, functioning, and life satisfaction. However, there were no group differences in the relationships between self‐transcendence and measures of well‐being.ConclusionOur findings suggest self‐transcendence is a part of healthy personality development that may be impacted in clinical high risk individuals yet may still function as a psychological resource for this population, pointing toward new avenues for intervention in clinical high risk and other mental health populations.
The Key Role of Chemistry in Schelling's Early Philosophy of Nature
Authors: Garcia Luis Fellipe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article puts forward the thesis that Schelling's philosophical engagement with chemistry plays a key role in his project of a philosophy of nature. I claim that Schelling takes Lavoisier's new chemistry to indicate that Kant's dynamical theory of matter could provide the basis for a unified account of nature. By dynamical theory of matter, I understand a philosophical explanation of matter based on the fundamental forces of attraction and repulsion. I argue that Schelling combines Kant's dynamics with Lavoisier's new chemistry into what he calls dynamical chemistry, and that this notion of dynamical chemistry underlies his attempt at a unified system of nature.
THE STUPID NINETEENTH CENTURY: PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY IN CRITICAL POSTHUMANIST AND POST‐ANTHROPOCENTRIC THOUGHT
Authors: BARRELL CALLUM , RAIMONDI SARA 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the charge of “stupidity” leveled at nineteenth‐century thought by recent critical posthumanist and post‐anthropocentric theorists. The article's first section traces a particularistic reading of nineteenth‐century philosophy of history in the writings of Rosi Braidotti and Bruno Latour, both of whom have employed the nineteenth century as an intellectual shorthand for human exceptionalism and its implicit collusion with the present ecological crisis. Their respective posthumanist and post‐anthropocentric provocations (1) question the composition, agency, and exceptionalism of the human, and (2) posit multiple temporalities as an alternative to the linear time of universal history. While intellectual historians have begun to complicate the first provocation in relation to the nineteenth century, we lack an equivalent intervention for the second. In response, the article's second section draws on John Stuart Mill's (1806–1873) reception of Auguste Comte (1798–1857) to demonstrate that speculative philosophy of history in fact grappled with its own problems of scale, multiplicity, and direction. We show that Mill, partly in response to Comte, employed incommensurable historical registers, such as the universal and the relative, to interpret the past at different scales of analysis. These scales were undeniably human, not to mention Eurocentric, but they nevertheless invite a more nuanced reading of the nineteenth century as well as a less linear and troubled logic of overcoming that afflicts Braidotti, Latour, and others. In this spirit, the article's final section suggests that nineteenth‐century philosophy of history may actually facilitate the recomposition of the human in time, a task that is central to the multifaceted crisis of the present posthumanist, post‐anthropocentric, and Anthropocenic conjuncture.
Apparent fracture toughness estimation of additively manufactured alumina from as‐printed chevron‐notched test specimens
Authors: Snarr Patrick L. , Jones Kris V. , Ghezawi Emily F. , Wereszczak Andrew A. , Cramer Corson L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCeramic vat photopolymerization (VPP) is a digital light processing method used to make additively manufactured green ceramic components that are then sintered. Despite the ever‐advancing maturation of this method's green‐state process, some of the material properties of sintered VPP‐processed ceramics are still not well defined or understood. One example is Mode I fracture toughness, KIc. In this study, attention was devoted to KIc measurement using net‐shape chevron‐notched bend bars that were VPP‐processed and the examination of whether valid KIc measurement could occur by testing them. Stable crack propagation was observed in >60% of tested samples, indicated by a smooth nonlinear transition through the measured maximum force prior to final fracture. However, their results cannot yet be responsibly referred to as KIc because of continuing violations of other prerequisites needed for valid KIc testing.