bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A peculiar fusuline assemblage from the Tanes locality, Campo de Caso section (Pennsylvanian, Upper Moscovian; Cantabrian Zone, Spain)
Authors: Villa Elisa , Ueno Katsumi , Merino-Tomé Oscar , Martín-Llaneza Jaime 
Published: April 2021

The Campo de Caso section (eastern part of the Cantabrian Zone, NW Spain) exposes a middle to upper Moscovian (Middle Pennsylvanian) succession, up to 3500-m thick, consisting of marine shelfal and deltaic siliciclastic and shale deposits with numerous intercalated fossiliferous limestones. A limestone outcropping in the upper part of this section, close to the village of Tanes, has yielded a fusuline assemblage composed of species of the genera Eostaffella, Pseudonovella, Ozawainella, Pseudostaffella, Neostaffella, Schubertella, Fusiella, Taitzehoella, Fusulinella, Beedeinaand Putrella. The specific composition of these genera, considered as a whole, indicates an early to mid- Myachkovian age; however, some of the taxa exhibit rare aspects, among which are the occurrence of pseudostaffellids having a “primitive” appearance recalling that of the Bashkirian Pseudostaffella, and a Putrella species exhibiting a wall that, at first glance, resembles the schwagerinid wall. Data gathered during this study question the validity of the genus Quasistaffella Solovieva 1986 and point to consider it as a junior synonymous of Pseudostaffella Thompson 1942.
Resection for a Recurrent Mucus-Producing Cholangiocarcinoma After Surgery: a Case Report
Authors: Yamada Isamu , Ajiki Tetsuo , Onoyama Hirohiko , Ishikawa Michiko , Kotani Joji , Ku Yonson 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is a variant of bile duct carcinoma characterized by intraductal growth. There are few case reports and papers discussing treatment policy and prognosis for cases of postoperative relapse.

Case Presentation
The case subject was a female in her 40s. Due to IPNB with the primary tumor in hepatic left lobe, the patient underwent hepatic left lobe, caudate lobe, and bile duct resection, and biliary tract reconstruction at another institution. Four years later, near the cholangiojejunostomy, a localized recurrence was indicated. Though systemic metastasis was examined with CT, FDG-PET, distant metastasis was not confirmed. As it was believed that resection of the recurrent focal could lead to a long-term survival, the recurrent focal was resected. The resected specimen was a cystic mass with a film, and in a pathologic examination, lymph node tissue was not confirmed in the specimen, while intracystic papilloma of attached liver tissue without continuity was confirmed. The patient has not seen a relapse for 5 years and 5 months after the second surgery.

Conclusion
In a case of localized recurrence after the IPNB surgery, resection should be actively considered.
Tunable Superhydrophobicity from 3D Hierarchically Nano‐Wrinkled Micro‐Pyramidal Architectures
Authors: Zhang Weixin , Gao Jie , Deng Yujun , Peng Linfa , Yi Peiyun , Lai Xinmin , Lin Zhongqin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInterfacial surfaces with hierarchical structures have triggered intense research interest and been used in a broad range of applications ranging from anti‐icing, anti‐fogging, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy to catalytic reaction. However, the high‐cost manufacturing processes and the limited durability remain as great challenges that need to be addressed, especially for superhydrophobicity. In this work, a novel hybrid approach for stretchable, transparent, and robust superhydrophobic surfaces is proposed, constructing micro‐pyramid architectures with tunable hierarchical wrinkles efficiently and in an environmentally friendly manner. Due to the multiscale structures, excellent superhydrophobicity is obtained with contact angle of ≈172° and sliding angle ≈5° in a steady “Lotus” state. Further, the wear resistance and stability tests also suggest a superior performance under simulated severe real‐world applications. Utilizing such multiscale synergistic co‐operation effects can be an excellent manufacturing strategy and be extended to other surface engineering where hierarchical architectures are needed.
Stimuli‐Responsive Memristive Materials for Artificial Synapses and Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Bian Hongyu , Goh Yi Yiing , Liu Yuxia , Ling Haifeng , Xie Linghai , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNeuromorphic computing holds promise for building next‐generation intelligent systems in a more energy‐efficient way than the conventional von Neumann computing architecture. Memristive hardware, which mimics biological neurons and synapses, offers high‐speed operation and low power consumption, enabling energy‐ and area‐efficient, brain‐inspired computing. Here, recent advances in memristive materials and strategies that emulate synaptic functions for neuromorphic computing are highlighted. The working principles and characteristics of biological neurons and synapses, which can be mimicked by memristive devices, are presented. Besides device structures and operation with different external stimuli such as electric, magnetic, and optical fields, how memristive materials with a rich variety of underlying physical mechanisms can allow fast, reliable, and low‐power neuromorphic applications is also discussed. Finally, device requirements are examined and a perspective on challenges in developing memristive materials for device engineering and computing science is given.
Visible Light Assisted Radical‐Polar/Polar‐Radical Crossover Reactions in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Singh Jitender , Sharma Anuj 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChemists are generally familiar with polar reactions and radical reactions, in comparison, are underdeveloped. In the last few years, however, the novel concept of amalgamation of the above two in the form of radical‐polar crossover (RPCO) and polar‐radical crossover (PRCO) reactions has emerged as a valuable and powerful tool. This methodology tends to bridge the gap between the two as well as overcomes limitations of both radical and traditional polar chemistry. By bringing together the unorthodox chemistry of radicals with orthodox carbocations and carbanions, the green quotient of such reactions is significantly improved. The development and shaping up of this area in the last few years in the form of synthetically important transformations is summarised in this review.magnified image
Candidate genes and signatures of directional selection on fruit quality traits during apple domestication
Authors: Wedger Marshall J. , Schumann Abby C. , Gross Briana L. 
Published: April 2021

PREMISEDuring plant domestication, traits can be subject to a variety of types of selection, ranging from strong directional selection for traits such as seed or fruit size to diversifying selection for traits like color or flavor. These types of selection interact with other evolutionary processes including genetic bottlenecks and interspecific gene flow to generate different levels of genetic diversity across the genome and at target genes in domesticated lineages, but little is known about the impacts of these processes in perennial fruit crops.METHODSWe used sequence capture by hybridization to examine patterns of diversity at a suite of candidate domestication and anonymous background genes in domesticated apple (Malus ×domestica) in comparison to its wild relatives Malus sieversii and Malus orientalis.RESULTSWe found no change in average diversity at these candidate domestication genes across the three species. However, a subset of the genes did exhibit patterns of very high or very low diversity in M. ×domestica compared to its progenitor, M. sieversii. Of the genes with characterized function, the low‐diversity genes mainly contributed to fruit quality traits like color and flavor, predicted to be under conscious, directional selection relatively late in the domestication process, while the high‐diversity genes included a variety of functions.CONCLUSIONSOverall, these results are consistent with predictions based on the likely timing and nature of selection during domestication and open new avenues for understanding genes with high diversity in a perennial crop compared to its wild relatives.
High‐Rate CO2 Electroreduction to C2+ Products over a Copper‐Copper Iodide Catalyst
Authors: Li Hefei , Liu Tianfu , Wei Pengfei , Lin Long , Gao Dunfeng , Wang Guoxiong , Bao Xinhe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to multicarbon hydrocarbon and oxygenate (C2+) products with high energy density and wide availability is of great importance, as it provides a promising way to achieve the renewable energy storage and close the carbon cycle. Herein we design a Cu‐CuI composite catalyst with abundant Cu0/Cu+ interfaces by physically mixing Cu nanoparticles and CuI powders. The composite catalyst achieves a remarkable C2+ partial current density of 591 mA cm−2 at −1.0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode in a flow cell, substantially higher than Cu (329 mA cm−2) and CuI (96 mA cm−2) counterparts. Induced by alkaline electrolyte and applied potential, the Cu‐CuI composite catalyst undergoes significant reconstruction under CO2RR conditions. The high‐rate C2+ production over Cu‐CuI is ascribed to the presence of residual Cu+ and adsorbed iodine species which improve CO adsorption and facilitate C−C coupling.
Locations Effects on the Quality of Chemlal and Azeradj Olives Grown in Algeria
Authors: Faci Massinissa , Hedjal Mariam , Douzane Malika , Sevim Didar , Köseoğlu Oya , Tamendjari Abderezak 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis work aimed to investigate the combined effect of harvest time and crop altitude on the fruit and oil quality of two autochthonous Algerian olive cultivars, Chemlal and Azeradj. Fruit morphological characteristics, oil quality parameters, fatty acids and triacylglycerols composition, pigments, tocopherols and oxidative stability were determined. Olives were harvested at four different ripening stages in orchards located at 110, 320 and 490 m altitude, in the olive‐growing region of Kabylia, northern Algeria. Results showed a good discrimination between varieties, which were characterized by specific triacylglycerols and fatty acids profile. Different chemometric analyses carried out on the oil data highlighted the strong influence of variety in relation to the factors studied. Moreover, Principal Component Analysis performed on both fatty acids and triacylglycerols profile allowed correlating the distinct composition with the different varietal sensitivities to changes in crop attitude and ripening stage. Tocopherols showed a remarkable decrease with the ripening progress. Oxidative stability was positively correlated with variations in tocopherols and monounsaturated fatty acids during maturation and altitude changes.
Changes in surgical revascularization strategy after fractional flow reserve
Authors: Fournier Stephane , Toth Gabor G , De Bruyne Bernard , Kala Petr , Ribichini Flavio L , Casselman Filip , Ramos Ruben , Piroth Zsolt , Piccoli Anna , Penicka Martin , Mates Martin , Nemec Petr , Van Praet Frank , Stockman Bernard , Degriek Ivan , Pellicano Mariano , Barbato Emanuele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimsIn the randomized GRAFFITI trial, surgeons drew their strategy based on coronary angiography. When patients were randomized to fractional flow reserve (FFR)‐guidance, surgeons were informed of the FFR values and asked to redraw their strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes induced by FFR knowledge.Methods and ResultsThe intended and performed strategy (before and after FFR) were compared. Among 172 patients, 84 with 300 lesions were randomized to the FFR‐guided group. The intended strategy was to bypass 236 stenoses:108 with a venous and 128 with an arterial graft. After disclosing FFR, a change in strategy occurred in 64 lesions (21.3%) of 48 (55%) patients. Among 64 lesions for which the intended strategy was medical therapy, 16 (25%) were bypassed after disclosing FFR. The number of procedures with >1 venous graft planned was significantly reduced from 37 to 27 patients (p = .031). The proportion of on‐pump surgery was significantly reduced from 71 to 61 patients (p = .006). The rates of clinical events at 1 year were similar between patients with or without at least one change in strategy.DiscussionFFR‐guided CABG is associated with a simplified surgical procedure in 55% of the patients, with similar clinical outcomes.
Characterisation of cardiac pathology in 23 autopsies of lethalCOVID‐19
Authors: Haslbauer Jasmin D , Tzankov Alexandar , Mertz Kirsten D , Schwab Nathalie , Nienhold Ronny , Twerenbold Raphael , Leibundgut Gregor , Stalder Anna K , Matter Matthias , Glatz Katharina 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhile coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) primarily affects the respiratory tract, pathophysiological changes of the cardiovascular system remain to be elucidated. We performed a retrospective cardiopathological analysis of the heart and vasculature from 23 autopsies of COVID‐19 patients, comparing the findings with control tissue. Myocardium from autopsies of COVID‐19 patients was categorised into severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) positive (n= 14) or negative (n= 9) based on the presence of viral RNA as determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Control tissue was selected from autopsies without COVID‐19 (n= 10) with similar clinical sequelae. Histological characteristics were scored by ordinal and/or categorical grading. Five RT‐PCR‐positive cases underwentin situhybridisation (ISH) for SARS‐CoV‐2. Patients with lethal COVID‐19 infection were mostly male (78%) and had a high incidence of hypertension (91%), coronary artery disease (61%), and diabetes mellitus (48%). Patients with positive myocardial RT‐PCR died earlier after hospital admission (5 versus 12 days,p < 0.001) than patients with negative RT‐PCR. An increased severity of fibrin deposition, capillary dilatation, and microhaemorrhage was observed in RT‐PCR‐positive myocardium than in negatives and controls, with a positive correlation amongst these factors All cases with increased cardioinflammatory infiltrate, without myocyte necrosis (n= 4) or with myocarditis (n= 1), were RT‐PCR negative. ISH revealed positivity of viral RNA in interstitial cells. Myocardial capillary dilatation, fibrin deposition, and microhaemorrhage may be the histomorphological correlate of COVID‐19‐associated coagulopathy. Increased cardioinflammation including one case of myocarditis was only detected in RT‐PCR‐negative hearts with significantly longer hospitalisation time. This may imply a secondary immunological response warranting further characterisation.
Evidence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm‐eating Warblers (Helmitheros vermivorum) in east‐central Arkansas, USA
Authors: Wynia Amy L. , Bednarz James C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNest material kleptoparasitism likely evolved in birds to reduce the cost of searching for and collecting material themselves. Although nest material kleptoparasitism has been reported commonly in colonially nesting species, reports for solitary breeding species are infrequent, especially for neotropical migratory species. Here, we report potential and actual nest material kleptoparasitism in the Worm‐eating Warbler (Helmitheros vermivorum). We deployed video camera systems at passerine nests (n = 81) in east‐central Arkansas during summers 2011–2012. In one video, we observed a Worm‐eating Warbler stealing nesting material from a Hooded Warbler (Setophaga citrina) nest. One day later, we later observed a Worm‐eating Warbler landing within 0.5 m of the same warbler nest when the female was incubating, which possibly deterred a second theft of nesting material. In a third video recording, we observed another Worm‐eating Warbler landing within 1 m of an Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) nest. As far as we could determine, neither of these latter two nest visits resulted in nest material kleptoparasitism. Potential benefits of nest material kleptoparasitism include reduced competition for limited nest materials, easy access to suitable material, reduced travel distance, and reduction of nest predation risk; however, costs include risk of attack by host or introducing parasites to one's nest. Importantly, this behavior could ultimately affect the behavioral and life history evolution of a species. We suggest further work should be conducted to determine the prevalence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm‐eating Warblers and other solitary breeding passerines, including efforts to quantify the benefits and costs of this behavior.
Estimating the uncertainty of video‐based flow velocity and discharge measurements due to the conversion of field to image coordinates
Authors: Le Coz Jérôme , Renard Benjamin , Vansuyt Vincent , Jodeau Magali , Hauet Alexandre 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVideo‐based hydrometry continues to develop for contactless discharge measurements, automated flood gauging stations and the use of crowd‐sourced flood videos for discharge reconstruction. Irrespective of the velocimetry algorithm used (LSPIV, STIV, PTV…), orthorectification of the images is necessary beforehand, so that each pixel has the same known physical size. Most times, the orthorectification transformation is a plane‐to‐plane projection from the water surface to the camera sensor. Two approaches are typically used to compute the coefficients of this transformation: their calibration from ground reference points (GRPs) with known image and real‐world coordinates (“implicit calibration”) or their calculation from the values of the intrinsic (focal length, sensor size) and extrinsic (position, angles) parameters of the camera (“explicit calibration”). In this paper, we develop a Bayesian method which makes it possible to combine the implicit and explicit approaches in a probabilistic framework. The Bayesian approach can be used from situations suitable for the implicit approach (plenty of GRPs) to situations propitious to the explicit approach (well‐known camera parameters). The method is illustrated using synthetic views of a typical streamgauging scene with known true values of the parameters and GRP coordinates. We show that combining observational and prior information is generally beneficial to get precise estimates. Further tests carried out with a real scene of the Arc River at Randens, France, in flood conditions illustrate the impact of the number, uncertainty and spatial distribution of GRPs on the final uncertainty of flow velocity and discharge.
Effects of PMS50 supplementation on psychological symptoms of students with premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Javid Ahmad Zare , Nazarinasab Masoumeh , Haghighi‐Zadeh Mohammad Hosein 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of PMS50 supplementation on psychological symptoms in university students in Iran.MethodsThis double‐blind clinical trial was conducted at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, between December 2018 and March 2019. Fifty female students with moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) randomly received either 550 mg/day of PMS50 (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25), starting from 1 week before till the end of menstruation for three consecutive menstrual cycles. Anthropometric indices, dietary intake, physical activity level, and severity of PMS were assessed at baseline and post‐intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 22). Independent t test was used to compare the results between groups. Paired t test was used to compare the results within groups before and after study.ResultsThere was a significant improvement in psychological symptoms including depression, anger, feeling of hopelessness, desire to be alone, mood swings, irritability, anxiety, and poor concentration observed in the intervention group compared with the control group post‐intervention. Restlessness was significantly reduced in both groups post‐intervention. The mean scores of low self‐esteem, change in appetite, and food cravings were decreased in both groups, but not significant between groups.ConclusionPMS50 supplementation may be effective in improvement of psychological symptoms in PMS.
Clinical Trial Registration No.: IRCT20181218042038 N1.
Potential roles of Kruppel‐like factors in mediating adverse vascular effects of nanomaterials: A review
Authors: Cao Yi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe development of nanotechnology leads to the exposure of human beings to nanomaterials (NMs), and there is a health concern about the adverse vascular effects of NMs. Current data from epidemiology, controlled human exposure, and animal studies suggested that exposure to NMs could induce cardiopulmonary effects. In support of in vivo findings, in vitro studies showed that direct contact of vascular cells with NMs could induce endothelial cell (EC) activation and promote macrophage foam cell formation, although only limited studies showed that NMs could damage vascular smooth muscle cells and promote their phenotypic switch. It has been proposed that NMs induced adverse vascular effects via different mechanisms, but it is still necessary to understand the upstream events. Kruppel‐like factors (KLFs) are a set of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors (TFs) that can regulate various aspects of vascular biology, but currently, the roles of KLF2 in mediating the adverse vascular effects of NMs have gained little attention by toxicologists. This review summarized current knowledge about the adverse vascular effects of NMs and proposed the potential roles of KLFs in mediating these effects based on available data from toxicological studies as well as the current understanding about KLFs in vascular biology. Finally, the challenges in investigating the role of KLFs in vascular toxicology were also summarized. Considering the important roles of KLFs in vascular biology, further studies are needed to understand the influence of NMs on KLFs and the downstream events.
Childhood emotional abuse and problematic social networking sites use in a sample of Italian adolescents: The mediating role of deficiencies in self‐other differentiation and uncertain reflective functioning
Authors: Musetti Alessandro , Starcevic Vladan , Boursier Valentina , Corsano Paola , Billieux Joël , Schimmenti Adriano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveChildhood emotional abuse (CEA) is associated with various negative mental health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between CEA and problematic social networking site (SNS) use in a sample of Italian adolescents.DesignUsing structural equation modeling, the study examined whether the relationship between CEA and problematic SNS use was sequentially mediated by self‐other differentiation and uncertain reflective functioning in 1308 Italian adolescents (628 males, age range 13–19 years).ResultsA history of CEA was positively associated with problematic SNS use. Furthermore, deficiencies in self‐other differentiation and uncertain reflective functioning partially mediated the relationship between CEA and problematic SNS use.ConclusionsThe present study provides additional insight into the psychological dynamics underpinning problematic SNS use among adolescents. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.