bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do economic conditions affect climate change beliefs and support for climate action? Evidence from the US in the wake of the Great Recession
Authors: Meyer Andrew G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractI show that climate skepticism increases with negative economic shocks and that the effects are concentrated among individuals in the labor force. I primarily employ a panel of US individuals in the period following the Great Recession, but also find consistent results with an alternative instrumental variables strategy. Among labor force participants, a one‐percentage point increase in the local unemployment rate leads to a three to five percentage point decrease in the probability of believing climate change is real and requires action. I conclude that support for climate change policies could depend on labor market conditions.
Standardized study of atorvastatin possible osteoarthritis disease‐modifying effect in a rat model of osteoarthritis
Authors: Gaballah Ali , Genedy Doaa , Ghayaty Essam , El‐Hawwary Amany A. , Elmasry Ahlam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe studied the osteoarthritis (OA)‐modifying effects of atorvastatin in an experimental OA rat model and possible underlining mechanisms. We used 62 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (250–300 g): 32 rats were used to assess the effects of atorvastatin on surgically induced OA in the knee, and 30 rats were used to assess the potential inflammatory effects of carrageenan‐induced paw edema. In the OA model, joint stiffness was assessed by measuring the knee extension angle, and pathological changes in the OA knee joint were determined by histological examination and the measurement of serum biochemical markers, including interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13), and reduced glutathione (GSH). In the carrageenan‐induced paw edema model, both paw thickness and pain threshold were assessed in different groups. Atorvastatin significantly improved joint stiffness, pathological changes, a significant mitigation of the higher MMP‐13 and IL‐1β, and a significant increase of reduced GSH in OA rats. Additionally, atorvastatin significantly improved both paw thickness and pain threshold in animals. Atorvastatin is a potential OA‐modifying drug that warrants further clinical investigation.
Commingled Fluids in Abandoned Boreholes: Proximity Analysis of a Hidden Liability
Authors: Perra Christopher , McIntosh Jennifer C. , Watson Theresa , Ferguson Grant 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe interactions between old abandoned wellbores of suspect well integrity with hydraulic fracturing (HF), enhanced oil recovery (EOR), or salt water disposal (SWD) operations can result in upward leakage of deep aqueous liquids into overlying aquifers. This potential for upward fluid migration is largely unquantified as monitoring abandoned wells is rarely done, and leakage may go unnoticed especially when in deeper aquifers. This study performs a proximity analysis between old abandoned wells and HF, EOR, and SWD wells, and identifies commingled old abandoned wellbores, which are those wells where groundwater may flow from one aquifer to one or more other aquifers, to identify the locations with the greatest potential for upward aqueous fluid migration at three study sites in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. Our analysis indicates that at all three study sites there are several locations where HF, EOR, or SWD operations are located in close proximity to a given old abandoned well. Much of this overlap occurs in formations above typically produced hydrocarbon reservoirs but below exploited potable aquifers, otherwise known as the intermediate zone, which is often connected between abandonment plugs in old abandoned wells. Information on the intermediate zone is often lacking, and this study suggests that unanticipated alterations to groundwater flow systems within the intermediate zone may be occurring. Results indicate the need for more field‐based research on the intermediate zone.
Social distancing and bacteraemia in the time of COVID‐19
Authors: Feldman Itamar , Natsheh Ayman , Nesher Gideon , Breuer Gabriel S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSocial distancing was the predominant strategy used to mitigate the spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) at the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic.AimsTo study the impact of social distancing on the incidence of bacteraemia. The number of admitted patients with positive blood cultures in April–May 2020 in one tertiary medical centre was compared with the number during the same period in the previous 3 years (April–May 2017–2019).MethodsRetrospective review of all positive blood cultures from January to July in the years 2017–2020.ResultsThere were fewer cases of Streptococcus bacteraemia as well as coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus bacteraemia and other possible contaminated blood cultures in April–May 2020. Compared with the previous 3 years, the incidence of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia among all bacteraemias was lower in April–May 2020 (5%) than in 2017–2019 (12.0%; 95% confidence interval 10.3–14.1%). In general, fewer cases of bacteraemia caused by oropharynx organisms were observed in April–May 2020; only 6 cases versus 31 (95% confidence interval 10–53) during the same period in 2017–2019. Only one case of S. pneumoniae bacteraemia was observed in April–May 2020 and its percentage among all bacteraemias was lower in April–May 2020 (0.4%) than during the same period in 2017–2019 (3.3%).ConclusionThe incidences of streptococcal bacteraemia and bacteraemia of organisms transmitted through respiratory secretions were lower when there were social distancing restrictions. Adopting measures of social distancing may decrease the morbidity from bacteraemia caused by oropharynx and respiratory bacteria.
A systematic review of ozone therapy for treating chronically refractory wounds and ulcers
Authors: Wen Qing , Liu Dongying , Wang Xian , Zhang Yanli , Fang Song , Qiu Xianliang , Chen Qiu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aims at evaluating the efficacy and safety of ozone therapy for chronic wounds. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) about participants with chronic wounds were included. Risk of bias assessment was performed by the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool. A randomised‐effects model was applied to pool results according to the types of wounds or ulcers. Among 12 included studies, ozone was implemented by topical application (ozone gas bath, ozonated oil, ozone water flushing) and systematic applications including autologous blood immunomodulation and rectal insufflation. The results indicated compared with standard control therapy for diabetic foot ulcers, ozone therapy regardless of monotherapy or combined control treatment markedly accelerated the improvement of the wound area(standardised mean difference(SMD) = 66.54%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [46.18,86.90], P < .00001) and reduced the amputation rate (risk ration (RR) = 0.36, 95% CI = [0.24,0.54], P < .00001). But there is no improvement in the proportion of participants with completely healed wounds and length of hospital stay. No adverse events associated with ozone treatment have been reported. And the efficacy of ozone therapy for other wound types is still uncertain because of no sufficient studies. More high‐quality randomised controlled trials are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of ozone therapy for chronic wounds or ulcers.
A Responsiveness View of logistics and supply chain management
Authors: Richey Robert Glenn , Roath Anthony S. , Adams Frank G. , Wieland Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe emergence of logistics and supply chain management as a fully mature business discipline may depend on the development of foundational supply chain management perspectives embracing a focus on responsiveness. Hundreds of papers in our field conceptualize responsiveness and related concepts in disconnected ways ignoring this potentially valuable foundation for investigating supply chain strategic and logistical adjustments. Although these extant studies highlight many important issues related to responsiveness, their conceptualizations and nomological networks vary considerably. This diffuse focus seriously hinders efforts to create an overarching theoretical perspective in a dynamic field without one. The result is a masking of promising research directions that could help define the discipline. Drawing from the organizational economics, logistics, and supply chain management literatures, we begin the argument that responsiveness—realized through logistics and supply chain management—has strong potential as our defined foundational perspective. All roads to superior performance depend upon supply chain responsiveness to the environment, supply chain members, stakeholders, and the consumer. Our proposed Responsiveness View of supply chain management supports the exploration of how supply chains compete successfully amidst disruption and change, helping to define a young, theoretically distinct, research domain.
Profiling knowledge brokers in the rehabilitation sector across Canada: A descriptive study
Authors: Gaid Dina , Ahmed Sara , Thomas Aliki , Bussières André 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRationaleKnowledge brokers (KBs) can help promote the uptake of the latest research evidence into clinical practice. Little is known about who they are, the types of roles they perform, and the training they receive. Establishing a portrait of Canadian KBs working in the rehabilitation sector may inform health care organizations and knowledge translation specialists on how best to advance KBs practices. The overall goal was to describe the profile of KBs working to promote the uptake of evidence within rehabilitation settings in Canada. Specifically, this study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and professional characteristics, work activities, and training of KBs.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was administered to KBs working in rehabilitation settings across Canada. The survey included 20 questions covering sociodemographic and professional characteristics, work activities, and training opportunities. Response frequency and percentage were calculated for all categorical variables, and the weighted average (WA) for each role was calculated across participants. Descriptive analysis was conducted for all open‐ended questions.ResultsOf 475 participants accessing the website, 198 completed the survey questionnaire, including 99 clinicians, 35 researchers, and 26 managers. While over two‐thirds of respondents had completed a graduate degree, only 38% reported receiving KBs‐related training. The respondents' primary roles corresponded to a linking agent (WA = 1.84), followed by capacity builder (WA = 1.76), information manager (WA = 1.71), facilitator (WA = 1.41), and evaluator (WA = 1.32).ConclusionsKBs are mostly expert clinicians who tend to perform brokering activities part‐time targeting their peers. Participants mostly perform the linking agent, capacity builder, and information roles. Moreover, only a few participants received formal training to perform brokering activities.
The PGO concept: Prosthetically guided orthodontics concept
Authors: Blasi Alvaro , Blasi Ignacio , Henarejos‐Domingo Victor , Castellano Vincenzo , Blasi Jose Ignacio , Blasi Gonzalo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this case report is to present a novel digital approach of guiding orthodontics and periodontal surgery by creating interim restorations that represent the final shape of the teeth before starting the treatment.Clinical considerationsThe patient presented with worn dentition, super‐erupted maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, and altered passive eruption, all this creating a gummy smile. Following a digital wax‐up design, a digital orthodontic set‐up, and the digital bracket bonding, temporary restorations, and bracket indirect bonding trays were fabricated. Restorations' cementation, bracket bonding, and periodontal surgery were performed the same day. After 14 months of orthodontic treatment, teeth were restored with final ceramic restorations. One year and 6 months was the total treatment duration.ConclusionProsthetically guided orthodontic concept allows the use of digital technology to simulate the final outcome of the patient treatment before starting dental therapy. This technique not only improves the communication between specialists, it also reduces treatment time and increases precision and predictability.Clinical significanceThe prosthetically guided orthodontics (PGO) concept has the goal to start interdisciplinary therapy with a simulation of the final outcome. Giving the worn teeth their proper size through interim restorations prior to orthodontic therapy will guide the orthodontist from the beginning of the treatment and will improve communications between all the specialists. Through a digital approach, a digital wax‐up and an orthodontic digital set‐up the objectives of treatment can be established early on.
Visualization of heavy metal cadmium in lettuce leaves based on wavelet support vector machine regression model and visible‐near infrared hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Zhou Xin , Sun Jun , Zhang Yuechun , Tian Yan , Yao Kunshan , Xu Min 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn order to effectively detect the distribution of Cd in lettuce leaves, this article proposes a wavelet support vector machine regression (WSVR) modeling method and uses it in the prediction of cadmium (Cd) content in lettuce leaves. In addition, this article also observed the internal and external tissue structure of lettuce leaves under different concentrations of Cd stress by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the lettuce leaf samples under different Cd concentration stresses were acquired by the hyperspectral imaging system, different preprocessing algorithms combined with dimensionality reduction algorithms were used to select the spectral characteristic wavelengths, and SVR and WSVR models were established based on the spectral characteristic data. The results showed that with the increase of Cd concentration, the internal and external tissue structure of lettuce leaves changed significantly. The WSVR model parameters for the best prediction of Cd concentration in lettuce were Rp2 of 0.8843, RMSEP of 0.1292 mg/kg. Finally, the Cd contents in lettuce leaves were visualized on the prediction maps by predicted spectral features on each hyperspectral image pixel.Practical ApplicationsIt is of great significance to realize the visual expression of the distribution of heavy metals in crop leaves through nondestructive testing. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of Vis‐NIR hyperspectral imaging technology for the detection of cadmium (Cd) content in lettuce leaves, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the internal and external tissue structure of lettuce leaves under different concentrations of Cd. Wavelet support vector machine regression modeling method was proposed and used to predict the Cd content in lettuce leaves. It is proved that the Vis‐NIR hyperspectral imaging technology is a feasible and effective method to realize the visualization of Cd content distribution in crop leaves.
A comparison of 9‐min colonoscopy withdrawal time and 6‐min colonoscopy withdrawal time: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bhurwal Abhishek , Rattan Puru , Sarkar Avik , Patel Anish , Haroon Shahid , Gjeorgjievski Mihajlo , Bansal Vikas , Mutneja Hemant 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe optimal colonoscopy withdrawal time is still a controversial topic. While several studies demonstrate that longer withdrawal time improves adenoma detection rate, others have contradicted these findings.MethodsThree independent reviewers performed a comprehensive review of all original articles published from inception to January 2021 and included studies reporting comparison of the two cohorts—(i) ≥ 6 but less than 9 min of colonoscopy withdrawal time (CWT) and (ii) ≥ 9 min of CWT. The outcome measures were the following: (i) adenoma detection rate (ADR), (ii) advanced ADR, and (iii) sessile serrated adenoma detection rate (SDR). The meta‐analysis was performed, and the statistics were two‐tailed.ResultsA total of seven studies met the inclusion criteria after a thorough search of the literature was completed. The analysis revealed that ≥ 9 min of CWT had significantly higher odds of adenoma detection as compared with 6–9 min of CWT (odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–1.82; I2 = 93.7). Additionally, a significantly higher odds of sessile serrated adenoma detection (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.28–2.22; I2 = 0) and a trend towards higher odds of advanced adenoma detection (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.98–1.95, I2 = 90) were seen with CWT of at least 9 min when compared with 6–9 min of CWT.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis analysis provides further evidence that at least 9 min of CWT cohort had significantly higher ADR and SDR as compared with the at least 6 min but less than 9 min of cohort.
Long‐term hepatic function of patients with compensated cirrhosis following successful direct‐acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Ogawa Eiichi , Kawano Akira , Ooho Aritsune , Furusyo Norihiro , Satoh Takeaki , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Kajiwara Eiji , Dohmen Kazufumi , Nakamuta Makoto , Azuma Koichi , Koyanagi Toshimasa , Yamashita Nobuyuki , Yanagita Kimihiko , Ichiki Yasunori , Kuniyoshi Masami , Yamashita Naoki , Morita Chie , Sugimoto Rie , Kato Masaki , Shimoda Shinji , Nomura Hideyuki , Hayashi Jun ,   The Kyushu University Liver Disease Study (KULDS) Group
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimDirect‐acting antivirals (DAAs) have contributed to the improvement of outcomes for all patients with chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term hepatic benefits of hepatitis C virus (HCV) cure by DAAs in patients with compensated cirrhosis.MethodsThis multicenter cohort study consisted of consecutive patients with compensated cirrhosis who initiated interferon‐free DAA treatment before September 2016. The impact of treatment on long‐term hepatic function was followed for at least 4 years after the end of treatment, and the progression to decompensation was evaluated.ResultsThe data of 394 patients were available for study. The median age was 70, and 41% had modified albumin‐bilirubin (ALBI) grade 2b. During a short‐term follow‐up 1 year after the end of treatment, FIB‐4 index and ALBI score significantly improved. The achievement rates of FIB‐4 < 3.25 (40%) and ALBI grade 1 (70%) reached their plateau in the first year; however, there were significant further improvements in platelet count and α‐fetoprotein level after the first year. The annual incidence of decompensation was 1.30 (95% confidence interval 0.83–2.02) per 100 person‐years. In multivariable analysis, male sex and modified ALBI grade 2b at baseline were associated with decompensation.ConclusionsIn a large real‐world cohort of patients with compensated cirrhosis treated with a DAA, remarkable improvement in hepatic function was seen after HCV cure, especially during the first year after the end of treatment. Treatment in the early stage of cirrhosis would be of great benefit for preventing liver deterioration to decompensation.
Speech production accuracy in children with Down syndrome: relationships with hearing, language, and reading ability and change in speech production accuracy over time
Authors: Burgoyne K. , Buckley S. , Baxter R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study examines speech production accuracy in children with Down syndrome and concurrent relationships with hearing, language and reading ability. It also examines change in speech production accuracy over a 21‐month period.MethodsA group of 50 children with Down syndrome (aged 5–10 years) completed measures of speech accuracy, non‐verbal IQ, reading (single‐word reading, letter–sound knowledge and phoneme blending) and language (expressive and receptive vocabulary and receptive grammar). Hearing was assessed by parental report. Speech accuracy was reassessed 21 months later.ResultsAlthough there was considerable variability in the sample, speech was characterised by high levels of errors. There were no effects of gender, hearing status or non‐verbal IQ on speech production accuracy. In contrast, speech production accuracy was significantly related to age and to measures of receptive vocabulary, phoneme blending and word reading. There was no significant improvement in speech production accuracy over time.ConclusionsChildren with Down syndrome experience difficulties producing accurate sounds in speech. These difficulties are related to age and to vocabulary and reading skills and persist over time, highlighting the need for intensive targeted speech intervention in this group of children.
An Epidemiological Model of Economic Crisis Spread across Sectors in the United States
Authors: JANSSENS EVA F. , LUMSDAINE ROBIN L. , VERMEULEN SEBASTIAAN H.L.C.G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper develops a discrete‐time epidemiological model to characterize the spread of economic deterioration across sectors in the United States for the period 1952–2015. It is the first model to apply an epidemiological approach to consider such spread using macroeconomic Flow of Funds data. By extending the usual one‐period Markov model to a two‐period setting, we incorporate the possibility that an initial slow growth period may either continue further or improve such that further economic deterioration is averted. The estimated model can be used to classify more versus less contagious sectors and identify their channels of transmission.
Low anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S antibody levels predict increased mortality and dissemination of viral components in the blood of critical COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Martin‐Vicente María , Almansa Raquel , Martínez Isidoro , Tedim Ana P. , Bustamante Elena , Tamayo Luis , Aldecoa César , Gómez José Manuel , Renedo Gloria , Berezo Jose Ángel , Cedeño Jamil Antonio , Mamolar Nuria , García Olivares Pablo , Herrán‐Monge Rubén , Cicuendez Ramón , Enríquez Pedro , Ortega Alicia , Jorge Noelia , Doncel Cristina , de la Fuente Amanda , Bustamante‐Munguira Juan , Muñoz‐Gómez María José , González‐Rivera Milagros , Puertas Carolina , Más Vicente , Vázquez Mónica , Pérez‐García Felipe , Rico‐Feijoo Jesús , Martín Silvia , Motos Anna , Fernandez‐Barat Laia , Eiros Jose María , Dominguez‐Gil Marta , Ferrer Ricard , Barbé Ferrán , Trapiello Wysali , Kelvin David J. , Bermejo‐Martin Jesús F. , Resino Salvador , Torres Antoni 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S antibodies prevent viral replication. Critically ill COVID‐19 patients show viral material in plasma, associated with a dysregulated host response. If these antibodies influence survival and viral dissemination in ICU‐COVID patients is unknown.Patients/MethodsWe studied the impact of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S antibodies levels on survival, viral RNA‐load in plasma, and N‐antigenaemia in 92 COVID‐19 patients over ICU admission.ResultsFrequency of N‐antigenaemia was >2.5‐fold higher in absence of antibodies. Antibodies correlated inversely with viral RNA‐load in plasma, representing a protective factor against mortality (adjusted HR [CI 95%], p): (S IgM [AUC ≥ 60]: 0.44 [0.22; 0.88], 0.020); (S IgG [AUC ≥ 237]: 0.31 [0.16; 0.61], <0.001). Viral RNA‐load in plasma and N‐antigenaemia predicted increased mortality: (N1‐viral load [≥2.156 copies/ml]: 2.25 [1.16; 4.36], 0.016); (N‐antigenaemia: 2.45 [1.27; 4.69], 0.007).ConclusionsLow anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S antibody levels predict mortality in critical COVID‐19. Our findings support that these antibodies contribute to prevent systemic dissemination of SARS‐CoV‐2.