bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective Effect of An-Gong-Niu-Huang Wan Pre-treatment Against Experimental Cerebral Ischemia Injury via Regulating GSK-3β/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Zhang Shiqing , Jiang Xiaoli , Wang Ying , Lin Kaili , Zhang Zhang , Zhang Zhu , Zhu Peili , Ng Man Ling , Qu Shaogang , Sze Stephen Cho Wing , Yung Ken Kin Lam 
Published: April 2021

An-Gong-Niu-Huang Wan (AGNHW), a famous formula in traditional Chinese medicine, has been clinically used for centuries for treating cerebral diseases, but the protective effects of pre-treatment with AGNHW on cerebral ischemia have not yet been reported. The present study aimed to test such protective effects and elucidate the underlying mechanisms on cerebral ischemia in rats by phenotypic approaches (i.e. including the neurological functional score, cerebral infarct area, neuron apoptosis, and brain oxidative stress status) and target-based approaches (i.e. involving the GSK-3β/HO-1 pathway). AGNHW was administered orally at the doses of 386.26, 772.52, and 1545.04 mg/kg respectively for 7 days to male Sprague-Dawley rats and then cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h. Pre-treatment with AGNHW significantly ameliorated ischemic damage to the brain in a dose-dependent manner, including reduction of the neurological deficit score and infarct area. AGNHW pre-treatment increased the number of Nissl+ cells, NeuN+ and DCX+ cells, and decreased the number of Tunel+ cells. Moreover, AGNHW reversed the up-regulation of ROS and MDA induced by cerebral ischemia. AGNHW pre-treatment increased the expression of p-GSK-3β(Ser9)/GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase-3β) ratio and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These results firstly revealed that short-term pre-treatment of AGNHW could significantly protect the rats from injury caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, which support further clinical studies for disease prevention. The in vivo protective effect of AGNWH pre-treatment could be associated with its antioxidant properties by the activation of GSK-3β-mediated HO-1 pathway.
Xiaoyao Pills Ameliorate Depression-like Behaviors and Oxidative Stress Induced by Olfactory Bulbectomy in Rats via the Activation of the PIK3CA-AKT1-NFE2L2/BDNF Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ji Yafei , Luo Jie , Zeng Jiuseng , Fang Yang , Liu Rong , Luan Fei , Zeng Nan 
Published: April 2021

Numerous studies have revealed that oxidative stress is closely associated with the occurrence and development of depression. Xiaoyao Pills (XYW) are included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and are frequently used for treating anxiety and depression by smoothing the liver, strengthening the spleen, and nourishing the blood. However, the antidepressant effects of XYW have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The objective of our study was to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of XYW and the underlying molecular mechanism in the olfactory bulbectomized (OB) rat model of depression using the open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), splash test (ST), and novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT). Results showed that XYW (0.93 and 1.86 g·kg−1) significantly alleviated depression-like behaviors in rats, which was indicated by increased sucrose preference in the SPT, prolonged grooming time in the ST, decreased horizontal movement in the OFT, and shorter feeding latency in the NSFT. In addition, XYW treatment dramatically reversed the reduced activity of superoxide dismutase and the decreased level of glutathione, while also lowering levels of malondialdehyde, an inflammatory mediator (nitric oxide), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and 1β) in the serum and cortex of OB rats. Mechanistically, XYW induced marked upregulation of mRNA and protein expression levels of NFE2L2, KEAP1, GPX3, HMOX1, SOD1, NQO1, OGG1, PIK3CA, p-AKT1/AKT1, NTRK2, and BDNF, and downregulation of ROS in the cortex and hippocampus via the activation of the NFE2L2/KEAP1, PIK3CA/AKT1, and NTRK2/BDNF pathways. These findings suggest that XYW exert antidepressant-like effects in OB rats with depression-like symptoms, and these effects are mediated by the alleviation of oxidative stress and the enhancement of neuroprotective effects through the activation of the PIK3CA-AKT1-NFE2L2/BDNF signaling pathways.
M2 Macrophages Promote PDGFRβ+ Pericytes Migration After Spinal Cord Injury in Mice via PDGFB/PDGFRβ Pathway
Authors: Li Ziyu , Zheng Meige , Yu Shuisheng , Yao Fei , Luo Yang , Liu Yanchang , Tian Dasheng , Cheng Li , Jing Juehua 
Published: April 2021

Platelet derived growth factor receptor β positive (PDGFRβ+) pericytes form fibrotic scar, which prevents axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the mechanism by which PDGFRβ+ pericytes migrate to the injury core is unclear. Here, we investigated the effect and mechanism of macrophages polarization on PDGFRβ+ pericytes migration after SCI. Macrophages were closely related to the spatiotemporal distribution of PDGFRβ+ pericytes in the injury core at 3, 7, and 14 days postinjury (dpi). Macrophages appeared M2 polarization at 3 and 7 dpi while M1 polarization at 14 dpi. The expression of platelet derived growth factor B (PDGFB) was significantly increased after SCI and after macrophages M2 polarization. The promoting effect of exogenous PDGFB and M2 macrophages conditioned medium on PDGFRβ+ pericytes migration could be blocked by SU16f, a PDGFRβ specific inhibitor. These findings indicate that M2 macrophages can secrete PDGFB acting on PDGFRβ to promote PDGFRβ+ pericytes migration, which can be blocked by a PDGFRβ specific inhibitor SU16f. The PDGFB/PDGFRβ pathway is a promising new target for the treatment of SCI.
The Differentiation in Image Post-processing and 3D Reconstruction During Evaluation of Carotid Plaques From MR and CT Data Sources
Authors: Deng Fengbin , Mu Changping , Yang Ling , Yi Rongqi , Gu Min , Li Kang 
Published: April 2021

Background: Carotid plaque morphology and tissue composition help assess risk stratification of stroke events. Many post-processing image techniques based on CT and MR images have been widely used in related research, such as image segmentation, 3D reconstruction, and computer fluid dynamics. However, the criteria for the 3D numerical model of carotid plaque established by CT and MR angiographic image data remain open to questioning.Method: We accurately duplicated the geometry and simulated it using computer software to make a 3D numerical model. The initial images were obtained by CTA and TOF-MRA. MIMICS (Materialize’s interactive medical image control system) software was used to process the images to generate three-dimensional solid models of blood vessels and plaques. The subsequent output was exported to the ANSYS software to generate finite element simulation results for the further hemodynamic study.Results: The 3D models of carotid plaque of TOF-MRA and CTA were simulated by using computer software. CTA has a high-density resolution for carotid plaque, the boundary of the CTA image is obvious, and the main component of which is a calcified tissue. However, the density resolution of TOF-MRA for the carotid plaque and carotid artery was not as good as that of CTA. The results show that there is a large deviation between the TOF-MRA and CTA 3D model of plaque in the carotid artery due to the unclear recognition of plaque boundary during 3D reconstruction, and this can further affect the simulation results of hemodynamics.Conclusion: In this study, two-dimensional images and three-dimensional models of carotid plaques obtained by two angiographic techniques were compared. The potential of these two imaging methods in clinical diagnosis and fluid dynamics of carotid plaque was evaluated, and the selectivity of image post-processing analysis to original medical image acquisition was revealed.
Modular Psychotherapy Outcomes for Youth With Different Latent Profiles of Irritability and Emotion Dysregulation
Authors: Evans Spencer C. , Wei Melissa A. , Harmon Sherelle L. , Weisz John R. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Severe irritability is a common, impairing problem among youth referred for mental health services, but evidence to guide care is limited. Treatment research can be advanced by adopting a transdiagnostic perspective, leveraging existing evidence-based treatment (EBT) techniques, and situating irritability within the context of emotion dysregulation. Accordingly, this study examined treatment outcomes for youth with different levels of irritability and dysregulation who received cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or behavioral parent training (BPT) in a modular EBT framework.Method: We analyzed data from a community-based implementation trial of a transdiagnostic youth psychotherapy. Two-hundred treatment-referred youths (7-15 years; 47% female; 33% White, 28% Black, 24% Latinx, 14% multiracial, 2% other) and their caregivers completed measures of clinical problems and emotion dysregulation at baseline, with repeated outcomes assessments over 18 months. First, latent profile analysis was applied to baseline irritability and emotion dysregulation data; then, latent growth curve models were used to examine outcome trajectories, controlling for covariates.Results: A two-class solution fit well, differentiating youth with high (n = 54) vs. low (n = 146) levels of dysregulation and irritability at baseline. Nearly all high-dysregulation youth received either BPT (n = 26) or CBT-Depression (n = 23). Across measures, both groups showed statistically and clinically significant improvements over time. High-dysregulation youth had greater baseline severity than low-dysregulation youth, but otherwise their longitudinal trajectories were mostly similar, with few between-group slope differences. There was virtually no evidence of differential effects for BPT vs. CBT on clinical outcomes.Conclusions: Youth with severe irritability and dysregulation, treated with a transdiagnostic, modular, EBT approach, showed significant within-person improvements over time. Their outcome trajectories did not differ according to whether they received BPT or CBT. Findings extend the literature on modular, transdiagnostic, and EBT approaches for irritability and dysregulation, suggesting comparable benefits associated with BPT and CBT when treatment selection is guided by comprehensive assessment.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03153904.
Artificial Intelligence for Prognostic Scores in Oncology: a Benchmarking Study
Authors: Loureiro Hugo , Becker Tim , Bauer-Mehren Anna , Ahmidi Narges , Weberpals Janick 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Prognostic scores are important tools in oncology to facilitate clinical decision-making based on patient characteristics. To date, classic survival analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression has been employed in the development of these prognostic scores. With the advance of analytical models, this study aimed to determine if more complex machine-learning algorithms could outperform classical survival analysis methods.Methods: In this benchmarking study, two datasets were used to develop and compare different prognostic models for overall survival in pan-cancer populations: a nationwide EHR-derived de-identified database for training and in-sample testing and the OAK (phase III clinical trial) dataset for out-of-sample testing. A real-world database comprised 136K first-line treated cancer patients across multiple cancer types and was split into a 90% training and 10% testing dataset, respectively. The OAK dataset comprised 1,187 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer. To assess the effect of the covariate number on prognostic performance, we formed three feature sets with 27, 44 and 88 covariates. In terms of methods, we benchmarked ROPRO, a prognostic score based on the Cox model, against eight complex machine-learning models: regularized Cox, Random Survival Forests (RSF), Gradient Boosting (GB), DeepSurv (DS), Autoencoder (AE) and Super Learner (SL). The C-index was used as the performance metric to compare different models.Results: For in-sample testing on the real-world database the resulting C-index [95% CI] values for RSF 0.720 [0.716, 0.725], GB 0.722 [0.718, 0.727], DS 0.721 [0.717, 0.726] and lastly, SL 0.723 [0.718, 0.728] showed significantly better performance as compared to ROPRO 0.701 [0.696, 0.706]. Similar results were derived across all feature sets. However, for the out-of-sample validation on OAK, the stronger performance of the more complex models was not apparent anymore. Consistently, the increase in the number of prognostic covariates did not lead to an increase in model performance.Discussion: The stronger performance of the more complex models did not generalize when applied to an out-of-sample dataset. We hypothesize that future research may benefit by adding multimodal data to exploit advantages of more complex models.
Association of Ancillary Pathology Findings in Non-neoplastic Renal Parenchyma and Renal Outcomes of Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Geldmaker Laura E. , Kahn Amanda E. , Parikh Kevin A. , Porter Ivan E. , Haehn Daniela A. , Bajalia Essa M. , Zhai Qihui , Ball Colleen T. , Thiel David D. 
Published: April 2021

Background: To evaluate robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) renal outcomes associated with ancillary pathology findings in non-neoplastic renal parenchymal tissue.Methods: Tissue samples from 378 RAPNs were analyzed for glomerular disease (GD), vascular disease (VD), and tubulointerstitial disease (TD). One hundred and fifty-two patients were excluded due to insufficient non-neoplastic tissue for analysis and 4 patients were excluded due to calyceal diverticulum. Non-neoplastic tissue was evaluated for GD (negative, moderate, or global), VD (absent, mild, moderate, or severe), and TD (present or absent). Associations of ancillary pathology factors with patient characteristics were explored using the non-parametric Kendall tau-test and propensity score adjusted longitudinal mixed effects regression models were used to evaluate associations of these pathology factors with changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) following RAPN.Results: One hundred and fifty-three (68.9%) patients had hypertension and 50 (22.5%) patients had diabetes. The majority of patients did not have any GD (N = 158, 71.2%) or TD (N = 186, 83.8%) while 129 (58.1%) had VD. VD was categorized as absent (N = 93, 41.9%), mild (N = 45, 20.3%), moderate (N = 76, 34.2%), and severe (N = 8, 6.8%). Older age (P = 0.018), hypertension (P &lt; 0.001), and high grade MAP score (P = 0.047) were associated with a higher number of ancillary pathology factors. High grade MAP score (P = 0.03, P = 0.002) and hypertension (P = 0.02, P &lt; 0.001) were individually associated with GD severity and VD severity, respectively. Older age was also individually associated with VD severity (P = 0.002) and hypertension was associated with TD (P = 0.04). Moderate-to-severe VD was associated with a worse change in eGFR from pre-RAPN to 1-month post-RAPN compared to those with mild or no VD (difference in mean change, −3.4 ml/kg/1.73m2; 95% CI, −6.6 to −0.2 ml/kg/1.73m2; P = 0.036).Conclusions: Moderate-to-severe VD in non-neoplastic renal parenchyma is associated with post-operative changes in eGFR. Older age, hypertension, and high grade MAP scores are associated with the number of ancillary pathologies observed in RAPN specimens.
OPTIMALISASI SISTEM INFORMASI KEUANGAN DAERAH PADA ORGANISASI PERANGKAT DAERAH KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Komala Adeh Ratna , Hendarin Deri 
Published: April 2021

Abstract This study aims to examine the effect of the implementation of regional financial accounting information systems on the quality of regional financial reports that are in the Regional Apparatus Organization in Bandung. The phenomenon of this research is financial statements with unqualified and incomplete opinions. The research method is descriptive method of verification where the unit of analysis is the Bandung City Regional Apparatus Organization as many as 27 Regional Apparatus Organizations with 46 respondents. Testing data using validity and reliability tests using SPSS V 24 for testing data analysis and using SmartPLS V3 for hypothesis testing. The results showed that the local government financial accounting information system had an effect on the quality of local government financial reports.
Keywords: regional financial accounting information system, quality of local government financial reports
Entre France et Angleterre : Jean IV, duc de Bretagne, et la signature
Authors: JEAY Claude 
Published: April 2021

Jean IV (1365-1399) est le premier duc de Bretagne à avoir apposé sa signature sur un document. Ce geste matérialisé sur le papier ou le parchemin n’est pas le fruit du hasard. Le duc se met à signer après le roi de France, mais avant le roi d’Angleterre. Tous inventent leur propre signature dans le contexte politique troublé de la guerre de Cent Ans. Pour le roi de France, la signature contribue à consolider une légitimé contestée de toutes parts, aux côtés du portrait, de l’emblématique et de l’héraldique. Le duc de Bretagne est confronté à des difficultés de même ordre et prend la plume à son tour pour promouvoir sa qualité et son rang de prince grâce notamment à la formule De par le duc,
scandant d’un document à l’autre un titre encore fragile. Jean IV crée ainsi une signature originale, inédite, sorte de signature-souscription révélatrice de la position des ducs de Bretagne sur l’échiquier politique, entre les royaumes de France et d’Angleterre. Choisir sa signature et signer sont de véritables actes politiques.
History Mirrored in a Motif: Grieg's Motif and an Unrecognized Symbol
Authors: Мищенко Михаил Петрович 
Published: April 2021

Статья представляет опыт изучения мелодического motto григовской музыки в качестве скрытого музыкально-исторического символа. Автор прослеживает, как мелодический мотив, который норвежский композитор и музыковед Д. М. Юхансен назвал «григовским лейтмотивом» («Griegske ledemotiv»), воплощает композиционно-технические устремления не одного только Грига, но многих композиторов его времени. В основе статьи лежат наблюдения автора над влиянием эстетических, композиционно-практических и музыкально-научных идей прошлого на восприятие и понимание содержания музыки.
The article is an attempt to present a motivic motto of Edvard Grieg's music as a hidden symbol in the history of Western music. The author investigates how this melodic unit, defined as “Grieg's leitmotif” (“Griegske ledemotiv”) by the Norwegian composer and musicologist D. M. Johansen, embodies tonal pursuits, as well as harmonic and formal ones, within not only Grieg's output, but with various composers of his time. The article is based on observations on how some aesthetic, compositional and scholarly procedures of the past influenced on reception and comprehension of musical substance.
PyRosetta Jupyter Notebooks Teach Biomolecular Structure Prediction and Design
Authors: Le Kathy H. , Adolf-Bryfogle Jared , Klima Jason C. , Lyskov Sergey , Labonte Jason W. , Bertolani Steven , Burman Shourya S. Roy , Leaver-Fay Andrew , Weitzner Brian D. , Maguire Jack , Rangan Ramya , Adrianowycz Matt A. , Alford Rebecca F. , Adal Aleexsan , Nance Morgan L. , Wu Yuanhan , Willis Jordan , Kulp Daniel W. , Das Rhiju , Dunbrack Roland L. , Schief William , Kuhlman Brian , Siegel Justin B. , Gray Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Biomolecular structure drives function, and computational capabilities have progressed such that the prediction and computational design of biomolecular structures is increasingly feasible. Because computational biophysics attracts students from many different backgrounds and with different levels of resources, teaching the subject can be challenging. One strategy to teach diverse learners is with interactive multimedia material that promotes self-paced, active learning. We have created a hands-on education strategy with a set of 16 modules that teach topics in biomolecular structure and design, from fundamentals of conformational sampling and energy evaluation to applications, such as protein docking, antibody design, and RNA structure prediction. Our modules are based on PyRosetta, a Python library that encapsulates all computational modules and methods in the Rosetta software package. The workshop-style modules are implemented as Jupyter Notebooks that can be executed in the Google Colaboratory, allowing learners access with just a Web browser. The digital format of Jupyter Notebooks allows us to embed images, molecular visualization movies, and interactive coding exercises. This multimodal approach may better reach students from different disciplines and experience levels, as well as attract more researchers from smaller labs and cognate backgrounds to leverage PyRosetta in science and engineering research. All materials are freely available at https://github.com/RosettaCommons/PyRosetta.notebooks.
Stereoscopic photoacoustic imaging of radial artery for preoperative evaluation of coronary intervention
Authors: Qiu Tengsen , Duan Yihao , Cheng Zhongwen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Radial artery tortuosity (RAT) can lead to an increase in the failure rate of transradial coronary intervention (TRI). Before TRI, the radial artery morphology (RAM) needs to be evaluated to rule out those patients who have serious RAT, which has significant values in increasing the procedural success rate. A stereoscopic photoacoustic imaging (SPAI) system was developed to detect RAT. Phantom and human experiments were carried out to demonstrate performance of the SPAI system. The results show that the SPAI system has great clinical potential in assessing RAM for detecting RAT, which can provide an effective tool for preoperative evaluation of TRI.
Hemoptisis
Authors: Serrano Jennifer , Arriola-Navas José , Longo Alfredo , Marull Joselin 
Published: April 2021

Mujer de 28 años quien presenta hemoptisis como manifestación tardía de trauma torácico penetrante. Antecedente de trauma 9 años antes de consultar y de hemoptisis de 3 años de evolución. Los estudios radiológicos demostraron lesión cavitada en lóbulo inferior derecho. Se realizó lobectomía inferior derecha, con el hallazgo de cuerpo extraño (fragmento de madera) en tejido pulmonar. Paciente con buena evolución.
El Mapa Conceptual como Estrategia Pedagógica en el Aprendizaje de Conceptos Disciplinares de Economía
Authors: Cárdenas-Contreras German Enrique 
Published: April 2021

En la actualidad, existe gran preocupación mundial por la necesidad de transformar los modelos educativos. Por ello, la presente investigación se orientó al análisis de la incidencia de la teoría de Novak en el aprendizaje de conceptos disciplinares de la asignatura Historia Económica de Colombia en estudiantes de 4° semestre del programa de Economía de la Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia. El estudio se realizó bajo un enfoque mixto, en donde la consecución del objetivo establecido se procedió a realizar un proceso de identificación de acuerdo con el aprendizaje de conceptos disciplinares en los estudiantes objeto de estudio. Así mismo, como instrumentos de recolección de información se aplicó una prueba diagnóstica por competencias, una prueba de aptitud y una entrevista final, resultados con los cuales se pudo establecer el impacto e incidencia de los mapas conceptuales en la enseñanza de conceptos disciplinares de Economía. Los resultados obtenidos dieron muestra de la importancia de la incorporación de herramientas como los mapas conceptuales para la enseñanza de contenidos teóricos, en donde se hace necesario que los docentes adapten sus métodos pedagógicos, a las necesidades de aprendizaje de sus estudiantes, buscando no solo la enseñanza de un contenido de forma mecánica, sino que más bien generando en ellos, la suficiente motivación intrínseca que les permita adquirir competencias para que puedan construir aprendizajes significativos de calidad, acorde a las exigencias en materia Económica que se presentan en el mundo actual.