bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Ende der (Natur-)Geschichte?
Authors: Gutmann Mathias 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEvolution seems tobe a perfect example of a historical process: It began with the earliest “living” units, progressed to massive diversity and disparity, and resulted in our recent lifeworld, the subject-matter of the evolutionary biologist. Yet some irritation remains considering the logical grammar of “history”, as it seems to introduce non-functional aspects into evolutionarytheory– which is often addressed as contingency in evolutionarybiology. But even reducing the “historical” aspect of evolutionary biology to a functional understanding of lifeworld, we have to consider the specific historicity of theepistemicsituation of the evolutionary biologist. This paper argues for the relevance of the explication of this peculiarepistemicsituation, taking into account the recent systemic transformations of evolutionary theory.The argument is developed in three steps: first, a revision of the use of temporal expressions in (bio-)sciences, revealing the prevalence of a non-modal understanding of time, which leads to “thin” temporal characterizations of biological processes. Second, based upon biology’s shift toward system paradigms, the formal structure of recent evolutionary approaches is shown to result in a “loss of historicity”. Finally, the consequences for the self-understanding of humansas evolutionarylifeforms are explicated.This reconstruction of the difference between historical and evolutionary judgment emphasizes the relevance of the modal aspects of temporality, which is demonstrated by considering a significant shift of the underlying temporal frames. Accordingly to human beings ashistoricalentities, the differences between natural history, prehistory and history proper are relocated within the concept ofhistoryitself.
The delayed effect of temperature on the risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19: evidence from Mumbai, India
Authors: Nair Vipin , Thekkedath Rahul , Sankaran Paduthol Godan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Meteorological factors and climatic variability have an immense influence on the transmission of infectious diseases and significantly impact human health. Present study quantifies the delayed effect of atmospheric temperature on the risk of hospitalization due to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with adjusting the effects of other environmental factors in Mumbai, India.

Methods
The daily reported data of the number of hospitalized COVID-19 positive cases and the environmental factors at Mumbai, Maharashtra, India were collected and analyzed to quantify the main and the delayed effects. Exploratory data analysis and Distributed Linear and Non-linear lag Model (DLNM) with Generalized Additive Model (GAM) specification have applied to analyze the data.

Results
The study identified the Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) delayed effect on the risk of hospitalization changed over the lag period of 0–14 days with increasing Relative Risk (RR) at the low DTR and decreasing RR at the higher DTR values. The extreme DTR suggests a high risk of hospitalization at earlier lags (i.e., 0–5 days). DTR’s cumulative effect was significant at higher 0–10 lag days (p-value <0.05). Exposure to the low and moderate DTR suggests a high risk of hospitalization with more than six days of lag. The RR for daily average humidity with 95% C.I was 0.996 (0.967, 1.027). The risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19 showed an increasing nature (p-value <0.05) with the increase in air pollution and average wind speed (WSAvg) at lag 0. Also, the risk of hospitalization changed through different lag periods of DTR. The analysis confirms the higher amount of delayed effect due to low DTR compared with moderate and high DTR.

Conclusions
The study suggests that both the climatic variations and air quality have significant impact on the transmission of the global pandemic COVID-19.
Development of chitosan/agar-silver nanoparticles-coated paper for antibacterial application
Authors: Balalakshmi Chinnasamy , Alharbi Naiyf S. , Kadaikunnan Shine , Khaled Jamal M. , Alanzi Khalid F. , Gopinath Kasi , Arumugam Ayyakannu , Govindarajan Marimuthu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe radical proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and their infections causes significant issues for human health and the environment. Today, biopolymers are used to produce different nanoparticles. In the present investigation, the fabricated chitosan/agar-silver nanoparticles (Cht/Ar-AgNPs)-coated papers were tested for antibacterial applications. Agar was used as a reducing agent for the synthesis of AgNPs. Synthesized Ar-AgNPs were examined through optical, phase crystallinity and topological analysis. Cht and Ar-AgNPs solution was mixed with various ratios of 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, and 5:5 by weight. In addition to that, the conformity of Cht/Ar-AgNPs-coated papers was characterized by structural, spectral, and morphological analysis. However, Cht/Ar-AgNPs-coated papers were subjected to antibacterial properties. The ratio of (6:4) Cht/Ar-AgNPs-coated paper showed excellent antibacterial agent, and it can be used as extending the food product shelf life.
Effect of acupuncture on cognitive task performance of college students: a pilot study
Authors: Shetty Geetha B. , Jacob Jithin , Shetty Prashanth , Mooventhan A. , Aryal Pratikshya , Asha B. K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Reduction in cognitive function of college students affects their academic recitation. Acupuncture is widely practiced for health promotion. Objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on cognitive task performance in college students.

Methods
Sixty students aged 18–25 years were randomly allocated into acupuncture group (AG) (n=30) and control group (CG) (n=30). The AG underwent 20 min of acupuncture/day, while the CG underwent their normal routine for 10 days. Assessments were performed before and after the intervention.

Results
Between-group analysis showed a significant increase in the six-letter cancellation test (SLCT) score in AG compared with CG. Within-group analysis showed a significant increase in the scores of all tests (i.e. SLCT, forward and backward Digit span test [DST]) in AG, while a significant increase in backward DST was observed in CG.

Conclusion
Acupuncture has a beneficial effect on improving the cognitive function of college students.
Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in high altitude population: impact of coenzyme Q10 supplementation
Authors: Biuomy Ayman R. , Oraby Fatma S. H. , Khalifa Eman A. , El-Sherif Hanaa A. , Hussein Jihan , Abdel-Latif Yasmin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on oxidative stress engendered from hypoxia in population live at high altitude.

Methods
This is an intervention study in which 50 females of volunteers population-36 of them who live at high altitude compared with the placebo group (14 from the total population that live at sea level). Blood samples were collected in -anticoagulant tubes from control and high altitude before and after CoQ10 supplementation (150 mg/day for 2, 4 and 8 weeks). Plasma was separated and used for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), paraoxonase (PON1) by spectrophotometer, CoQ10 and vitamin E by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results
Our results appeared that TAC, PON1, vitamin E and CoQ10 concentrations were significantly decreased in population at high altitude at base line compared to placebo group population at sea level. Whereas, administration of CoQ10 attenuated all measured parameters especially after eight weeks of administration.

Conclusion
We concluded that coenzyme Q10 supplement at a dose of 150 mg/day has a powerful effect in oxidative stress parameters and increased antioxidant parameters included vitamin E in population with hypoxia after 4 and 8 weeks. So that supplementation positively affects oxidative stress and is recommended CoQ10 supplementation in population who live at high altitude.
Yellow phosphorous ingestion cause liver dysfunction and internal bleeding: a case study
Authors: Mawii Lalramengmawii , Vanlalhriatmawii Norah H. , Moudgil Khayati 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this case report was to create awareness among scientific fraternity and those who are in the regular usage of the yellow phosphorous compound. Yellow phosphorus is an inorganic element that is poisonous to humans (yellowish, waxy, crystal-clear solid with a pungent odor).

Case presentation
The patient treatment chart was reviewed and the patient’s condition was evaluated daily. Consumption of toxic doses causes shock and cardiovascular failure within 2–3 h of ingestion, and peak levels are reached when distributed to all tissues after absorption. Here, we report a case of self-harm with the ingestion of rat killer paste, and the patient suffered internal bleeding and acute liver failure.

Conclusion
Rodenticides remain the primary cause of morbidity and mortality, internal bleeding is the major risks of rodenticide poisoning.
A new structure formulations for cubic B-spline collocation method in three and four-dimensions
Authors: Raslan K. R. , Ali Khalid K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this work, we introduce a new construct to the cubic B-spline collocation method in the three and four-dimensions. The cubic B-splines method format is displayed in one, two, three, and four-dimensions format. These constructions are of utmost importance in solving differential equations in their various dimensions, which have applications in many fields of science. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods are demonstrated by its application to a few test problems in two, three, and four dimensions. Also, comparing the exact solutions and with the results obtained by using other numerical methods available in the literature as much as possible.
Mining reasonable distance of horizontal concave slope based on variable scale chaotic algorithms
Authors: Chen Shuzhao , Shang Tao , Han Liu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Horizontal concave slope structure is a common mining structure. It is the basis of mining safety to grasp the reasonable mining distance of horizontal concave slope. Therefore, based on variable scale chaotic algorithm, the reasonable mining distance of horizontal concave slope is studied. The safety factor is used to describe the reliability of the slope. When the slope is in a reliable state, it is a reasonable mining distance. Based on the Warehouse–Mohr strength theory, the four key parameters of rock cohesion and internal friction angle of horizontal concave slope and major and minor stress of element nodes are considered. The similarity of mining safety factor of horizontal concave slope is measured and the objective function is constructed. The target is searched based on variable-scale chaotic algorithm. The output result is the optimal solution of reasonable mining distance for horizontal concave slope. The experimental study shows that the reasonable mining distance of horizontal concave slope can be obtained effectively based on variable scale chaotic algorithm, and the slope height and slope angle are inversely proportional to the mining reliability of horizontal concave slope.
The effects of morphological variation and polymer/polymer interface on the tensile modulus of binary polymer blends: a modeling approach
Authors: Sharifzadeh Esmail , Amiri Yasahr 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this work, the effects of the morphological variation and the polymer/polymer interface on the tensile modulus of binary polymer blends were evaluated using a combined modeling method. The characteristics of the polymer/polymer interface region were evaluated using a neural network system and the results were used to improve the analytical model. The model accuracy was investigated by comparing its predictions with the tensile test results of some prepared iPP/PA blend samples and also some other data from literature which revealed an acceptable accuracy (error < 5%).
Bilayer PMMA antireflective coatings via microphase separation and MAPLE
Authors: Guo Yunlong , Ren Shuzhen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bilayer antireflective coating (ARC) is designed based on polymeric microphase separation and matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE). The spin-coated layer shows subwavelength porous network structures, after phase separation via annealing and removal of the polystyrene (PS) phase, while the MAPLE deposited surface layer exhibits a biomimic moth-eye structure on glass to trap the incident light. The elaborate spin coated structure can be controlled flexibly by changing the ratio of mixture, annealing time and temperature, and the moth-eye structure can also be tuned by deposition parameters. The transmittance of the ARC presents a maximum of 95.64% and an average of 94.81% in visible range. The moth-eye structure on glass substrate formed by nanoglobules makes positive contributions to the improvement of transmittance according to UV–Vis result and simulation. The wetting motion of PMMA globules is observed as well by the comparison of AFM surface morphologies and cross-sectional profiles of globules on glass and polymer thin film. This work is a novel attempt to fabricate bilayer ARC with two different structures by a single polymeric material and will provide new route for fabrication of multilayer ARCs.
Electrospun-based TiO2 nanofibers for organic pollutant photodegradation: a comprehensive review
Authors: Hui Khee Chung , Suhaimi Hazwani , Sambudi Nonni Soraya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is commonly used as a photocatalyst in the removal of organic pollutants. However, weaknesses of TiO2 such as fast charge recombination and low visible light usage limit its industrial application. Furthermore, photocatalysts that are lost during the treatment of pollutants create the problem of secondary pollutants. Electrospun-based TiO2 fiber is a promising alternative to immobilize TiO2 and to improve its performance in photodegradation. Some strategies have been employed in fabricating the photocatalytic fibers by producing hollow fibers, porous fibers, composite TiO2 with magnetic materials, graphene oxide, as well as doping TiO2 with metal. The modification of TiO2 can improve the absorption of TiO2 to the visible light area, act as an electron acceptor, provide large surface area, and promote the phase transformation of TiO2. The improvement of TiO2 properties can enhance carrier transfer rate which reduces the recombination and promotes the generation of radicals that potentially degrade organic pollutants. The recyclability of fibers, calcination effect, photocatalytic reactors used, operation parameters involved in photodegradation as well as the commercialization potential of TiO2 fibers are also discussed in this review.
Depression following traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive overview
Authors: Fakhoury Marc , Shakkour Zaynab , Kobeissy Firas , Lawand Nada 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concern affecting the neuropsychological health; TBI is accompanied by drastic long-term adverse complications that can influence many aspects of the life of affected individuals. A substantial number of studies have shown that mood disorders, particularly depression, are the most frequent complications encountered in individuals with TBI. Post-traumatic depression (P-TD) is present in approximately 30% of individuals with TBI, with the majority of individuals experiencing symptoms of depression during the first year following head injury. To date, the mechanisms of P-TD are far from being fully understood, and effective treatments that completely halt this condition are still lacking. The aim of this review is to outline the current state of knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of P-TD, to discuss the accompanying brain changes at the anatomical, molecular and functional levels, and to discuss current approaches used for the treatment of P-TD.
A BRD’s (BiRD’s) eye view of BET and BRPF bromodomains in neurological diseases
Authors: Iyer Harish , Wahul Abhipradnya B. , P. K. Annapoorna , Sawant Bharvi S. , Kumar Arvind 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Neurological disorders (NLDs) are among the top leading causes for disability worldwide. Dramatic changes in the epigenetic topography of the brain and nervous system have been found in many NLDs. Histone lysine acetylation has prevailed as one of the well characterised epigenetic modifications in these diseases. Two instrumental components of the acetylation machinery are the evolutionarily conserved Bromodomain and PHD finger containing (BRPF) and Bromo and Extra terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, also referred to as acetylation ‘readers’. Several reasons, including their distinct mechanisms of modulation of gene expression and their property of being highly tractable small molecule targets, have increased their translational relevance. Thus, compounds which demonstrated promising results in targeting these proteins have advanced to clinical trials. They have been established as key role players in pathologies of cancer, cardiac diseases, renal diseases and rheumatic diseases. In addition, studies implicating the role of these bromodomains in NLDs are gaining pace. In this review, we highlight the findings of these studies, and reason for the plausible roles of all BET and BRPF members in NLDs. A comprehensive understanding of their multifaceted functions would be radical in the development of therapeutic interventions.
Evaluation of potential tumor markers that may predict neoadjuvant treatment efficiency in rectal cancer
Authors: Arslan Fatma Demet , Kocak Ayse , Aydın Cengiz , Pala Emel Ebru , Oncel Dilek , Diniz Gulden , Kaya Tayfun , Ugurlu Levent , Degirmenci Mustafa , Ozkan Bulent , Soysal Yasemin , Said Harun Muayad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The recurrence of rectal cancer or its resistance to neoadjuvant treatment develops due to the adaptation to hypoxia, apoptosis or autophagy. Survivin, one of the inhibitors of apoptosis; Beclin 1, which is a positive regulator in the autophagy pathway; and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA9), which are associated with tumor tissue hypoxia, may be related to resistance to treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the potential tumor markers that may help to monitor the response to neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer (RC).

Methods
Twenty-five patients with locally advanced RC were included in the study. Gene expression and protein levels of Beclin 1, Survivin, HIF-1α, and CA9 were analyzed in fresh tissue specimens and blood samples. The relationships of these markers to tumor staging and regression grade were evaluated.

Results
Higher blood CA9 gene expression levels and lower blood HIF-1α protein levels were found in the response group according to tumor regression grade. After neoadjuvant treatment, tissue Beclin 1 and blood Survivin gene expressions and tissue CA9, blood Beclin 1 and blood HIF-1α protein levels decreased significantly.

Conclusion
Beclin 1, Survivin, HIF-1α ve CA9 may help to predict the effects of the applied treatment approach.
Literatura y cine, una coreografía de la mirada
Authors: Lorente Bilbao José Ignacio 
Published: January 2021

El animal moribundo es una novela del escritor Philip Roth, publicada en 2001, cuyo argumento gira en torno a las reflexiones del protagonista, un sexagenario profesor, crítico cultural y figura mediática, acerca de la relación sentimental con una joven alumna, con la que ha transgredido la distancia estética que le preservaba de caer en el caos de la pasión amorosa y los celos.
El relato fue objeto de una adaptación cinematográfica con título Elegy/La elegida, realizada por la directora española Isabel Coixet en 2008, en la que se transfiere a la pantalla un singular dispositivo visual que la novela alberga como procedimiento para generar un espacio de implicación y participación del lector. Como resultado de la traslación de dicho dispositivo al cine se produce lo que podría denominarse una coreografía de la mirada destinada a la movilización del trabajo espectatorial en el film.
¿Qué es una postura en filosofía? Un enfoque pragma-dialéctico
Authors: Leal Carretero Fernando Miguel 
Published: January 2021

En pragma-dialéctica se distingue entre diferencias de opinión mixtas, en las que ambas partes en disputa sostienen una posición, y diferencias de opinión no-mixtas, en las que solamente una de las partes sostiene una posición, mientras que la otra simplemente tiene dudas sobre la cuestión en disputa. En este artículo se sostiene que, al menos para las disputas filosóficas necesitamos introducir un tercer tipo de diferencia de opinión, en que una parte toma posición frente a la cuestión en disputa, mientras que la otra parte pone en duda no esa posición sino la cuestión misma. Se ilustra esto con ejemplos y se argumenta además que toda disputa filosófica es inestable, de forma que el segundo tipo, los desacuerdos mixtos (dudas sobre la posición del otro), fácilmente se convierten en el tercer tipo (dudas sobre la cuestión). Finalmente, se argumenta que esto ocurre dentro y fuera de la filosofía profesional.
Kulttuuripolitiikan visiot ja jatkuvuus
Authors: Jakonen Olli , Renko Vappu 
Published: January 2021

Poliittiset puolueet ovat merkittäviä kulttuuripoliittisia vaikuttajia: ne ovat avainasemassa määrittelemässä sitä, mitä kulttuuripolitiikka on ja miten sitä yhteiskunnassa harjoitetaan. Puolueilla on omia kulttuuriin kohdistuvia asenteitaan ja tavoitteitaan. Näistä saa tietoa etenkin erilaisista ohjelmista: laajoista yleisohjelmista, rajatusti taide- ja kulttuuripolitiikkaa ja muita politiikkalohkoja koskevista erityisohjelmista sekä vaalikauden tavoitteita kuvaavista vaaliohjelmista. Tässä katsauksessa keskitymme jälkimmäisiin. Puolueiden kevään 2019 eduskuntavaaliohjelmien ja tuoreimpien kulttuuripoliittisten erityisohjelmien kautta tarkastelemme puolueiden kulttuuripoliittista puhuntaa ja visioita julkisen kulttuuripolitiikan päämääristä.
Katsaus osoittaa, että puolueiden välillä on eroja kulttuuripoliittisen puhunnan laajuudessa ja sisällössä. Kuitenkin kaikki puolueet ovat varsin sitoutuneita vakiintuneeseen kulttuuripoliittiseen järjestelmään. Tämä heijastaa hallinnon vahvaa asemaa suomalaisessa kulttuuripolitiikassa. Samalla puolueiden näkemykset kulttuurin määrittelystä ja kulttuuripoliittisista tavoitteista laajentavat monin osin vakiintuneen sektorihallinnon rajauksia.
Kotiinpaluu, jotenkin? – Kulttuuripolitiikan moniselitteisyydestä ja työntövoimista
Authors: Kraatari Eliza 
Published: January 2021

Pääkirjoituksen otsikkoon nostettu idea kotiinpaluusta viittaa samannimisessä kappaleessa esitettyyn haaveeseen ”noin vain palata kotiin”, jos joku vain ensin ”voitelee tiedolla päät ja mielet tyynnyttää”. Erinäisten uudistusten, innovaatiotoiveiden ja digitoimisprosessien keskellä syvällinen lukeminen ja puntaroitu kirjoittaminen ovat kuitenkin yhä edelleen tehokkaimpia konsteja itse kunkin ottaa vastuuta oman ajattelunsa kehittämisestä. Muuttuvassa yhteiskunnassa kulttuuripolitiikallakaan ei ole auvoista alkukotia, johon palata, vaan muutosvoimattyöntävät sitäkin, vaikka inertia kuinka panisi hanttiin.
Kulttuuripolitiikan tutkimuksen vuosikirja tarjoaa tätä prosessia varten kanavia erilaisille tekstilajeille vertaisarvioiduista artikkeleista kirja-arvioihin ja kolumneihin. Tässä yhteydessä tiedoksi myös saatettakoon, että vastaisuudessa vuosikirjassa julkaistavat vertaisarvioidut tieteelliset artikkelit julkaistaan heti niiden valmistuttua, ennen julkaisun koontia (online first -menettely).