bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strength training in addition to neuromuscular exercise and education in individuals with knee osteoarthritis—the effects on pain and sensitization
Authors: Holm Pætur M. , Petersen Kristian K. , Wernbom Mathias , Schrøder Henrik M. , Arendt‐Nielsen Lars , Skou Søren T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of evidence of the relative effects of different exercise modes on pain sensitization and pain intensity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).MethodsNinety individuals with radiographic and symptomatic KOA, ineligible for knee replacement surgery, were randomized to 12 weeks of twice‐weekly strength training in addition to neuromuscular exercise and education (ST+NEMEX‐EDU) or neuromuscular exercise and education alone (NEMEX‐EDU). Outcomes were bilateral, lower‐leg, cuff pressure pain‐ and tolerance thresholds (PPT, PTT), temporal summation (TS), conditioned pain modulation (CPM), self‐reported knee pain intensity and number of painful body sites.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of exercise, we found significant differences in increases in PPT (−5.01 kPa (−8.29 to −1.73, p = .0028)) and PTT (−8.02 kPa (−12.22 to −3.82, p = .0002)) in the KOA leg in favour of ST+NEMEX‐EDU. We found no difference in effects between groups on TS, CPM or number of painful body sites. In contrast, there were significantly greater pain‐relieving effects on VAS mean knee pain during the last week (−8.4 mm (−16.2 to −0.5, p = .0364) and during function (−16.0 mm (−24.8 to −7.3, p = .0004)) in favour of NEMEX‐EDU after 12 weeks of exercise.ConclusionAdditional strength training reduced pain sensitization compared to neuromuscular exercise and education alone, but also attenuated the reduction in pain intensity compared to neuromuscular exercise and education alone. The study provides the first dose‐ and type‐specific insight into the effects of a sustained exercise period on pain sensitization in KOA. Future studies are needed to elucidate the role of different exercise modes.SignificanceThis study is an important step towards better understanding the effects of exercise in pain management of chronic musculoskeletal conditions. We found that strength training in addition to neuromuscular exercise and education compared with neuromuscular exercise and education only had a differential impact on pain sensitization and pain intensity, but also that regardless of the exercise mode, the positive effects on pain sensitization and pain intensity were comparable to the effects of other therapeutic interventions for individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
Automatic medium exchange for micro‐volume cell samples based on dielectrophoresis
Authors: Ma Zhouyang , Zhao Hongwang , Shi Liujia , Yu Duli , Guo Xiaoliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCell medium exchange is a crucial step for life science and medicine. However, conventional cell medium exchange methods, including centrifuging and filtering, show limited ability for micro‐volume cell samples such as circulating tumor cell (CTC) and circulating fetal cell (CFC). In this paper, we proposed an automatic medium exchange method for micro‐volume cell samples based on dielectrophoresis (DEP) in microfluidic chip. Fresh medium and cell suspension were introduced into the microfluidic channel as the laminar flow. Plane stair‐shaped interdigital electrodes were employed to drive the cells from the cell suspension to fresh media directly by DEP force. Additionally, we characterized and optimized the cell medium exchange according to both the theory and experiments. In the end, we achieved a 96.9% harvest rate of medium exchange for 0.3 μL samples containing micro‐volume cells. For implementing an automatic continuous cell medium exchange, the proposed method can be integrated into the automatic cell processing system conveniently. Furthermore, the proposed method is a great candidate in micro‐volume cell analysis and processing, cell electroporation, single cell sequencing, and other scenarios.
Philadelphia ‐ Tianjin Economic‐technological Development Area urban clean energy infrastructures EcoPartnership
Authors: Cooke Merritt 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAmong U.S.‐China EcoPartnerships, the PHL‐TEDA EcoPartnership is unique in its design as an open platform to facilitate collaboration among businesses, local governments, universities and non‐governmental organizations (NGO). On the U.S. side, the platform consists of China Partnership of Greater Philadelphia (CPGP, a 501c3 non‐profit) and its public sector partner, the Commerce Department of the City of Philadelphia. The objective of this collaboration is to bring to scale sustainable‐city‐type BE Better technologies (built environment technologies that are more energy‐efficient, smarter and healthier) in China and, by doing so, to promote sustainable economic development in the U.S. The mechanism for scaling these BE Better technologies is through China's national‐level industrial parks. The initial stage focuses on China's northeastern Jing‐Jin‐Ji region (comprising Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province) through collaborations with Green Development League‐member National Economic‐Technological Development Zones (NETDZ) in Beijing, Tianjin and Langfang. The larger goal is to position for second‐stage, nation‐wide expansion of the BE Better model through the Green Development League's 36 member‐NETDZs nationwide and through the Ministry of Commerce's national Eco Park program.
Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor 1 Alpha–Mediated RelB/APOBEC3B Down‐regulation Allows Hepatitis B Virus Persistence
Authors: Riedl Tobias , Faure‐Dupuy Suzanne , Rolland Maude , Schuehle Svenja , Hizir Zohier , Calderazzo Silvia , Zhuang Xiaodong , Wettengel Jochen , Lopez Martin Alexander , Barnault Romain , Mirakaj Valbona , Prokosch Sandra , Heide Danijela , Leuchtenberger Corinna , Schneider Martin , Heßling Bernd , Stottmeier Benjamin , Wessbecher Isabel M. , Schirmacher Peter , McKeating Jane A , Protzer Ulrike , Durantel David , Lucifora Julie , Dejardin Emmanuel , Heikenwalder Mathias 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims
Therapeutic strategies against HBV focus, among others, on the activation of the immune system to enable the infected host to eliminate HBV. Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) stabilization has been associated with impaired immune responses. HBV pathogenesis triggers chronic hepatitis‐related scaring, leading inter alia to modulation of liver oxygenation and transient immune activation, both factors playing a role in HIF1α stabilization.

Approach and Results
We addressed whether HIF1α interferes with immune‐mediated induction of the cytidine deaminase, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B (APOBEC3B; A3B), and subsequent covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) decay. Liver biopsies of chronic HBV (CHB) patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The effect of HIF1α induction/stabilization on differentiated HepaRG or mice ± HBV ± LTβR‐agonist (BS1) was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Induction of A3B and subsequent effects were analyzed by RT‐qPCR, immunoblotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, immunocytochemistry, and mass spectrometry. Analyzing CHB highlighted that areas with high HIF1α levels and low A3B expression correlated with high HBcAg, potentially representing a reservoir for HBV survival in immune‐active patients. In vitro, HIF1α stabilization strongly impaired A3B expression and anti‐HBV effect. Interestingly, HIF1α knockdown was sufficient to rescue the inhibition of A3B up‐regulation and ‐mediated antiviral effects, whereas HIF2α knockdown had no effect. HIF1α stabilization decreased the level of v‐rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog B protein, but not its mRNA, which was confirmed in vivo. Noteworthy, this function of HIF1α was independent of its partner, aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator.

Conclusions
In conclusion, inhibiting HIF1α expression or stabilization represents an anti‐HBV strategy in the context of immune‐mediated A3B induction. High HIF1α, mediated by hypoxia or inflammation, offers a reservoir for HBV survival in vivo and should be considered as a restricting factor in the development of immune therapies.
Population‐based cancer staging for oesophageal, gastric, and pancreatic cancer 2012‐2014: International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership SurvMark‐2
Authors: Cabasag Citadel J. , Arnold Melina , Piñeros Marion , Morgan Eileen , Brierley James , Hofferkamp Jim , Kehoe Sean , Butler John , Bucher Oliver , Bray Freddie , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Parkin D Maxwell 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCancer stage at diagnosis is important information for management and treatment of individual patients as well as in epidemiological studies to evaluate effectiveness of health care system in managing cancer patients. Population‐based studies to examine international disparities on cancer survival by stage, however, has been challenging due to the lack of international standardization on recording stage information and variation in stage completeness across regions and countries. The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) previously assessed the availability and comparability of staging information for colorectal, lung, female breast and ovarian cancers. Stage conversion algorithms were developed to aggregate and map all stage information into a single staging system to allow international comparison by stage at diagnosis. In this article, we developed stage conversion algorithms for three additional cancers, namely oesophageal, gastric and pancreatic cancers. We examined all stage information available, evaluated stage completeness, applied each stage conversion algorithm, and assessed the magnitude of misclassification using data from six Canadian cancer registries (Alberta, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Saskatchewan). In addition, we discussed five recommendations for registries to improve international cancer survival comparison by stage: (a) improve collection and completeness of staging data; (b) promote a comparable definition for stage at diagnosis; (c) promote the use of a common stage classification system; (d) record versions of staging classifications and (e) use multiple data sources for valid staging data.
Transcription of human papillomaviruses in nonmelanoma skin cancers of the immunosuppressed
Authors: Arroyo Mühr Laila Sara , Hultin Emilie , Dillner Joakim 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has a greatly increased incidence among the immunosuppressed and the DNA of human papillomavirus (HPV) is commonly found in these tumors. To investigate if there are any actively transcribed HPV infections in these tumors, we identified all skin cancers diagnosed after solid organ transplantation in Sweden during 1964‐2011 (n = 7614 NMSCs) and requested the diagnostic tumor blocks from the corresponding pathology archives. For the present study, we selected diagnostic specimens from 345 NMSC and performed whole genome transcriptome analysis using NovaSeq (Illumina), in comparison with three cervical cancers. Although we obtained an abundance of high‐quality paired reads per sample (median of 35 million reads), only 15 NMSC specimens contained HPV transcription. Three specimens had transcription of oncogenic anogenital HPVs (HPV16 and 56), six tumors had transcription of HPVs from the beta‐2 species (three HPV38, two with HPV23 and one with HPV107) and then there was one observation each of transcription of HPVs 3, 26, 57, 147, 158, 168 and of two nonestablished HPV types belonging to the gamma genus. In conclusion, transcription of specific HPV types can be found in NMSC among the immunosuppressed, but this is not common.
On the mechanism of tumor cell entry of aloe‐emodin, a natural compound endowed with anticancer activity
Authors: Pecere Teresa , Ponterio Eleonora , Di Iorio Enzo , Carli Modesto , Fassan Matteo , Santoro Luisa , Bissaro Maicol , Bernabè Giulia , Moro Stefano , Castagliuolo Ignazio , Palù Giorgio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAloe‐emodin (1,8‐dihydroxy‐3‐[hydroxymethyl]‐anthraquinone), AE, is one of the active constituents of a number of plant species used in traditional medicine. We have previously identified, for the first time, AE as a new antitumor agent and shown that its selective in vitro and in vivo killing of neuroblastoma cells was promoted by a cell‐specific drug uptake process. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the cell entry of AE has remained elusive as yet. In this report, we show that AE enters tumor cells via two of the five somatostatin receptors: SSTR2 and SSTR5. This observation was suggested by gene silencing, receptor competition, imaging and molecular modeling experiments. Furthermore, SSTR2 was expressed in all surgical neuroblastoma specimens we analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The above findings have strong implications for the clinical adoption of this natural anthraquinone molecule as an antitumor agent.
Aortic clamping for limiting blood loss at cesarean hysterectomy for placenta percreta: A case series
Authors: Joshi Vivek Madhusudan , Otiv Suhas Raghuvir , Sovani Yogesh Bhairav , Kulat Prasad Kisanrao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveIn women with placenta percreta, cesarean hysterectomy is associated with massive blood loss during dissection of bladder from lower uterine segment. We studied the safety and effectiveness of temporary aortic clamping as a method of limiting blood loss at cesarean hysterectomy in women with placenta percreta.MethodsThis was a retrospective case series of 15 women with placenta percreta who underwent cesarean section with total hysterectomy at KEM Hospital, Pune, India, with a technique of temporary clamping of the infra‐renal aorta for reducing blood loss during hysterectomy.ResultsFifteen women with placenta percreta underwent classical cesarean section followed by total hysterectomy with temporary clamping of the aorta. The procedure was associated with median estimated intra‐operative blood loss of 650 ml. No woman had ureteric injury or needed post‐operative intensive care. Aortic clamping for 28–70 min was not associated with any intra‐operative vascular complications or post‐operative ischemic lesions in the lower limbs, kidneys, or bowel.ConclusionAortic clamping safely and effectively limited blood loss during cesarean hysterectomy for placenta percreta and thereby reduced transfusion requirements. It compares favorably with reported outcomes of other strategies of managing placenta percreta.
LEAP‐2/ghrelin interplay in adult growth hormone deficiency: Cause or consequence? A pilot study
Authors: Vergani Edoardo , Bruno Carmine , Gavotti Cesare , Aversa Luigi Simone , Martire Maria , Mancini Antonio , Currò Diego 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGhrelin and its endogenous antagonist liver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide‐2 (LEAP‐2) are involved in GH secretion and glucose/lipids metabolism. LEAP‐2 expression in conditions of metabolic impairment may be upregulated, usually pairing with a concomitant reduction in ghrelin secretion. Adult growth hormone deficiency (aGHD) is characterized by insulin resistance, weight gain, and increased fat mass. Therefore, the primary endpoint of this cross‐sectional observational pilot study was to compare circulating LEAP‐2 and ghrelin levels in aGHD and healthy controls. Thirty patients were included in the study. Group A included adult GHD: 15 patients, 8 females, and 7 males. Median and interquartile range age of the group was 53 (41–57) years, while BMI was 27.1 (25–35) kg/m2. Group B was formed by 15 healthy controls (10 females and 5 males). Median and interquartile range age was 47 (36–57) years, while BMI 22.9 (20.8–33.1) kg/m2. They were evaluated for serum glucose and insulin, HOMA‐index, QUICKI‐index, total/LDL/HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, IGF‐1, ghrelin, and LEAP‐2. Ghrelin levels in the aGHD group were significantly lower than in healthy controls. In contrast, LEAP‐2 showed a trend toward higher levels, although the differences were not significant. However, the LEAP‐2/Ghrelin ratio was significantly higher in aGHD. No significant correlations between ghrelin and LEAP‐2 with BMI and HOMA index were found in aGHD population. However, a significant inverse correlation (r2 = 0.15, p = .047) between BMI and ghrelin was evidenced when considering the whole population. Taken together, these results may suggest a body adaptation to a metabolic scenario typical of aGHD. The decrease in ghrelin production could prevent further weight gain and fat mass increase, although losing its secretagogue effect.
A spatial resolution evaluation method of endoscopic optical coherence tomography system using the annular phantom
Authors: Huang Ningning , Deng Zhichao , Hu Zhixiong , Mei Jianchun , Zhao Shiyong , Wu Xining , Jia Zongnan , Liu Yuyan , Wang Jin , Ye Qing , Tian Jianguo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs an important biomedical imaging method, endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) is necessary to check its performance regularly. The ordinary plane phantoms are only able to evaluate part of image tangent to the probe. In this research, a spatial resolution estimate method of the endoscope OCT system is proposed. The annular phantom, made by uniformly distributing golden scattered microparticles in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), can provide dynamic scanning imaging evaluation of endoscopic OCT system, closer to its actual working status. The point spread function analysis method is used to analyze the imaging results of the annular phantom with the endoscopic OCT system. And many scattered particles are statistically analyzed to determine the spatial resolution of the endoscope OCT system. The method is low in cost, simple and convenient. It is valuable for the development of test standards for endoscope OCT systems.
Incidence of Atypical Femoral Fracture and Its Mortality in a Single Center in Singapore
Authors: Gani Linsey , Anthony Natasha , Dacay Lily , Tan Pei , Chong Le Roy , King Thomas FJ 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBisphosphonates (BP) are the most commonly prescribed effective form of osteoporosis treatment with adverse effects associated with prolonged use such as atypical femoral fractures (AFF). Asians have an elevated risk of AFF at 5 to 6 times those of whites and Hispanics. In this study, we characterize factors associated with AFF and its mortality in a single center in Singapore. We conducted a cohort study of subjects older than 50 years admitted to Changi General Hospital (CGH), Singapore, with fragility subtrochanteric femoral fractures from 2009 to 2015. Using the ASBMR 2014 criteria, fractures are classified into atypical and typical subtrochanteric femoral fractures. CGH uses a nationalized electronic health record that allows review of information on patients' demographics, clinical history and previous investigations. Mortality was assessed as of December 31, 2019. Between 2009 and 2015, there were 3097 hip fractures, of which 393 were subtrochanteric femoral fractures and 69 were classified as AFF by ASBMR 2014 criteria. A total of 52.2% of AFF occurred with BP exposure of median duration 56.5 (28 to 66) months. Multivariate regression showed that BP exposure was associated with the highest risk of AFF (odds ratio [OR] = 6.65 [2.35–18.9]). AFF patients had higher 5‐year survival (0.85 versus 0.62, p = 0.001) compared with typical subtrochanteric fracture patients. However, after adjusting for variables, the type of subtrochanteric femoral fractures were no longer significantly associated with progression to death, whereas older age, higher mean Charlson comorbidity score, and Malay ethnicity were the strongest predictors of death. AFF constitutes a small proportion of hip and femoral fractures with prolonged BP use being the highest risk factor for its development. There is no evidence of increased mortality or morbidity in patients with AFF compared with the typical subtrochanteric fracture. The fear of AFF should not impede treatment of typical osteoporotic fractures in this population. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Transdiagnostic conceptualization of social avoidance through the lens of personality functioning and traits
Authors: Bach Bo , Eikenæs Ingeborg Ulltveit‐Moe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis commentary seeks to highlight how social avoidance is portrayed in the six presented case‐reports from the perspective of self‐ and interpersonal functioning as well as stylistic trait features of negative affectivity (e.g., anxiousness and shame) and detachment (e.g., social withdrawal and emotional restriction). This approach to avoidance and social isolation will subsequently be generalized to a range of mental disorders where such features play a significant role. We propose that self and interpersonal functioning along with traits of negative affectivity and detachment may serve as a transdiagnostic framework for describing features of avoidance and social isolation across different treatment models, traditions, and disorders. We specifically assume that future developments of the promising treatment approaches presented in the current collection of case reports may benefit from such a “shared” framework for conceptualizing and treating self‐ and interpersonal problems related to avoidance and social isolation.
Body composition reference ranges in community‐dwelling adults using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry: the Australian Body Composition (ABC) Study
Authors: Kirk Ben , Bani Hassan Ebrahim , Brennan‐Olsen Sharon , Vogrin Sara , Bird Stefanie , Zanker Jesse , Phu Steven , Meerkin Jarrod D. , Heymsfield Steven B. , Duque Gustavo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundReference ranges for lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) are essential in identifying soft tissue disorders; however, no such reference ranges exist for the most commonly used Hologic dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) machine in Australia.MethodsCross‐sectional study of community‐dwelling adults (aged 18–88 years) who underwent a Hologic DXA scan at one of three commercialized densitometry centres in Australia. Age‐specific and sex‐specific percentile curves were generated for LM [LM, appendicular lean mass (ALM), ALM adjusted for height squared (ALM/h2), and ALM adjusted for body mass index (ALM/BMI)] and FM [FM, FM adjusted for height squared (FM/h2), appendicular fat mass, and android and gynoid fat] parameters using the LMS statistical method. Cutpoints equivalent to T‐scores of −1, −2, and −2.5 standard deviations below the young mean reference group (20–29 years) were also generated for LM parameters.ResultsA total of 15 479 community‐dwelling adults (54% men) with a median age of 33 years (interquartile range: 28, 42) were included. LM, ALM, and ALM/h2 remained stable until age 50, after which these parameters started to decline in both sexes. Compared with age 50, median percentiles of LM, ALM, and ALM/h2 declined by −5.9 kg, −3.7 kg, and −0.86 kg/m2 in men and by −2.5 kg, −1.8 kg, and −0.10 kg/m2 in women at age 70, respectively. Adjusting ALM for BMI (rather than height squared) resulted in different trends, with ALM/BMI decreasing from as early as age 20. Compared with age 20, median percentiles of ALM/BMI at age 40 declined by −0.10 kg/kg/m2 in men and by −0.06 kg/kg/m2 in women; and at age 70, ALM/BMI declined by −0.25 kg/kg/m2 in men and by −0.20 kg/kg/m2 in women. Cutpoints equivalent to T‐scores of −1, −2, and −2.5 standard deviations for ALM/BMI were 1.01, 0.86, and 0.77 kg/kg/m2 in men and 0.70, 0.59, and 0.53 kg/kg/m2 in women, respectively. All FM parameters progressively increased from age 20 and continued up until age 70.ConclusionsWe developed reference ranges for LM and FM parameters from Hologic DXA machines in a large cohort of Australian adults, which will assist researchers and clinicians in identifying soft tissue disorders such as obesity, sarcopenia, and cachexia.