bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water treatment to reduce the porosity of nanowebs
Authors: Aghayari Sedigheh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Here a way used to reduce the porosity of the electrospun web which removed PVA nanofibers from PVA/PA6 hybrid nanoweb by water treatment. Measuring the porosity of the electrospun web before and after treatment by BET method and image processing, proved this. The specific surface area of the web 70 % reduced after water treatment.
Folic Acid Fortification of Double Fortified Salt
Authors: Modupe Oluwasegun , Siddiqui Juveria , Jonnalagadda Akhila , Diosady Levente 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The addition of folic acid to Double Fortified Salt aims to ameliorate iron, iodine, and folic acid deficiencies in vulnerable populations. Folic acid was added either to the iodine spray solution or to the iron premix used to prepare salt fortified with iron and iodine. When added through the solution, sodium carbonate was needed to dissolve folic acid and to adjust pH. Alternately, folic acid was added either to the iron core or sandwiched between the core and the TiO2 layer of the ferrous fumarate premix. Folic acid and iodine were stable in all three cases, retaining more than 70% of the added micronutrients after six months at 45 oC/ 60-70% RH. Adding folic acid to the premix's iron core is preferred as folic acid retention was slightly higher, and the added folic acid did not impact a yellow colour to the salt. Folic acid in this salt was stable in cooking and did not affect selected cooked foods' sensory properties. The technology is a cost-effective approach for simultaneously combating iron, iodine, and folic acid deficiencies.
Right versus left ventricular remodeling in heart failure due to chronic volume overload: pressure-volume and proteome analysis
Authors: Havlenova Tereza , Skaroupkova Petra , Miklovic Matus , Behounek Matej , Chmel Martin , Jarkovska Dagmar , Sviglerova Jitka , Stengl Milan , Kolar Michal , Novotny Jiri , Benes Jan , Cervenka Ludek , Petrak Jiri , Melenovsky Vojtech 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mechanisms of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in heart failure (HF) are poorly understood. RV response to volume overload (VO), a common contributing factor to HF, is rarely studied. The goal was to identify interventricular differences in response to chronic VO. Rats underwent aorto-caval fistula (ACF)/sham operation to induce VO. After 24 weeks, RV and left ventricular (LV) functions, gene expression and proteomics were studied. ACF led to biventricular dilatation, systolic dysfunction and hypertrophy affecting relatively more RV. Increased RV afterload contributed to larger RV stroke work increment compared to LV. Both ACF ventricles displayed upregulation of genes of myocardial stress and metabolism. Most proteins reacted to VO in a similar direction in both ventricles, yet the expression changes were more pronounced in RV. The most upregulated were extracellular matrix (POSTN, NRAP, TGM2, CKAP4), cell adhesion (NCAM, NRAP, XIRP2) and cytoskeletal proteins (FHL1, CSRP3) and enzymes of carbohydrate (PKM) or norepinephrine (MAOA) metabolism. Downregulated were MYH6 and FAO enzymes. Therefore, when exposed to identical VO, both ventricles display similar upregulation of stress and metabolic markers. RV reacts to ACF relatively more than LV due to concomitant pulmonary hypertension. No evidence supports RV chamber-specific regulation of protein expression in response to VO.
Keyboard: An R Package Suite for Early Phase Dose-finding Designs
Authors: Sun Hongying , Li Chen , Cheng Cheng , Li Tang , Pan Haitao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Phase I and/or I/II oncology trials are conducted to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or optimal biological dose (OBD) of a new drug or
treatment. In these trials, for cytotoxic agents, the primary aim of the single-agent or drug-combination is to find the MTD with a certain target toxicity rate, while for the cytostatic agents, a more appropriate target is the OBD, which is often defined by consideration of toxicity and efficacy simultaneously. However, there still lacks accessible software packages to achieve both yet.
Results: Objective of this work is to develop a software package that can provide tools for both MTD- and OBD-finding trials, which implements the Keyboard design for single-agent MTD-finding trials by Yan et al., the Keyboard design for drug-combination MTD-finding trials by Pan et al., and phase I/II OBD-finding method by Li et al., in a single R package, called Keyboard. For each of the designs, the Keyboard package provides corresponding functions that begins with get.boundary( . . . ) to determine the optimal dose escalation and de-escalation boundaries, that begins with select.mtd( . . . ) to select the MTD when the trial is completed, that begins with select.obd( . . . ) to select the OBD at the end of a trial, and that begins with get.oc( . . . ) to generate the operating characteristics.
Conclusions: The developed Keyboard R package provides convenient tools for designing, conducting and analyzing single-agent, drug-combination and phase I/II dose-finding trials, which supports Bayesian designs of innovative dose-finding studies.
World’s Emotional Response to Pandemic: Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Esfahani Mahdi Abolfazli , Esfahani Messiah Abolfazli , Wang Han 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease, shortly named COVID-19, has dramatically changed people’s daily life and a new type of life has been forced on people, called new normal life. While the new normal life helped get COVID-19 growth under control, the side effects are still preserved in the societies, such as stress and fear. The existence of anxiety for an extended period results in various illnesses such as trigeminal neuralgia, and if the period gets much longer, it will increase the suicide rate. Once the number of COVID-19 cases spikes in a country, the government imposes strict policies such as complete luck down and quarantine orders, which helps control the disease’s spread significantly. However, it substantially increases people’s stress and fear. Hence, understanding the people’s emotional response to pandemics over time is essential and needs to be considered for analyzing the possibility of increasing restrictions and being alarmed once easing restrictions is required. Artificial Intelligence can help countries analyze people’s emotional responses in different states and recommend governments on the appropriate level of measurement control rules to prevent disease spread and keep people well psychologically. This paper aims to study people’s emotional responses to the COVID-19 pandemic by performing a sentiment analysis on social media. Twitter, which is a popular social media, is considered in this research to perform analysis. The results show a significant drop in people’s positiveness during 2020, in which COVID-19 spiked, compared to 2019.
One-year review of COVID-19 in the Arab world
Authors: Alwahaibi Nasar , Maskari Muna Al , Dhahli Buthaina Al , Issaei Halima Al , Al-Jaaidi Samiya , Bahlani Shadia Al 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected almost every country worldwide, including all 22 Arab countries. We have been following the COVID-19 pandemic in all Arab countries since it started. In this review, we aimed to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 in the Arab world for twelve months and to compare these findings with other most affected countries. Methods: World Health Organization, Worldometer and Ministries of Health websites were used to search for COVID-19 data in all Arab countries. The period was from February 2020 to February 2021. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23. Results: The median age in all Arab countries was 26.25. As of March 01, 2021, the total confirmed cases of COVID-19 in all Arab countries were 4,259,756. Iraq, Morocco, Jordan, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia (SA) have the highest reported cases with, 695,489, 483,766, 391,090, 390,453 and 377,383, respectively. The total number of deaths were 72,950 cases and were dominant in Iraq, followed by Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia and SA with 13,406, 10736, 8637, 8022 and 6494, respectively. In comparison with the topmost affected countries, the data obtained from COVID-19 confirmed cases showed that Arab countries are ranked fourth after USA, India, and Brazil. In terms of total deaths per million, Arab countries come in the second last, before India, with only 165 cases. Conclusion: The number of confirmed and death cases among all Arab countries trigger vital worries about morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, respectively. However, younger population in the Arab world may contribute to the less death cases of COVID-19 in comparison with the topmost affected countries.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide Fragments on Neovascularization after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhang Hao , Xia Guangwei , Qin Yahong , Wu Dan , Zhao Pei , Gao Yang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose Restoration of blood supply to infarction area plays an extremely important role in the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Consequently, the effects of various fragments of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on the peri-infarction neovascularization and cardiac function after MI were studied.Methods Wild-type mice were used to construct a MI model. Together with the sham operation group (sham group), the mice were divided into four groups with 11 animals in each group. Four groups of mice were injected with saline (sham group and MI group), PTHrP (1-84) and PTHrP (87-139) subcutaneously into the abdomen at a dose of 80ug/kg, once a day for 28 days. After 4 weeks, cardiac color Doppler ultrasound examination was performed to evaluate the cardiac function, and the heart tissues of mice in each group were taken for immunohistochemical experiments.Results Compared with the sham group, the heart function of the MI group mice was significantly decreased. After treatment with PTHrP (87-139) , the heart function was significantly improved, while PTHrP (1-84) further reduced the heart function. Masson staining results showed that PTHrP (87-139) significantly reduced the peri-infarction myocardial fibrosis after MI, while PTHrP (1-84) aggravated the degree of myocardial fibrosis. In addition, PTHrP (87-139) significantly increased the peri-infarction microvessel density (MVD) after MI, and the expressions of various relevant vascular factors, while PTHrP (1-84) exerted the opposite effect. Conclusion PTHrP (87-139) promoted angiogenesis in the peripheral area of MI and improved cardiac function, while PTHrP (1-84) exerted the opposite effect.
Hyphomicrobium album sp. nov., isolated from mountain soil and emended description of genus Hyphomicrobium
Authors: Xu Qing , Zhang Yuxiao , Wang Xing , Wang Gejiao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A soil bacterium, designated XQ2T, was isolated from Lang Mountain in Hunan province, P. R. China. The strain is Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, and the cells are motile, rod-shaped. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain XQ2T shared the highest similarities with Hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans S1T (97.1%), Pedomicrobium manganicum ACM 3038T (95.9%) and Hyphomicrobium aestuarii DSM 1564T (95.4%) and grouped with H. sulfonivorans S1T. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values and the DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain XQ2T and H. sulfonivorans S1T were 86.6% and 55.4 % respectively. Strain XQ2T had a genome size of 3.91 Mb and the average G+C content was 65.1%. The major fatty acids (> 5%) were C18:1ω6c, C18:1ω7c, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, C16:0 and C18:0. The major respiratory quinone was Q-9 (82.8%) and the minor one was Q-8 (17.2%). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified lipids. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain XQ2T represents a novel species of the genus Hyphomicrobium, for which the name Hyphomicrobium album sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XQ2T (= KCTC 82378T = CCTCC AB 2020178T). The emended description of genus Hyphomicrobium is also described.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Migraine: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Analysis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Chen Jie , Chen Xuejie , Xie Ying , Sun Yuhao , Wang Xiaoyan , Hesketh Therese 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: IBS and Migraine are two diseases featuring high prevalence. Previous studies have suggested a relationship between Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and migraine, although the causal association remains unclear. We sought to explore the causal association between IBS and migraine, and to prove the importance of migraine prevention in IBS patients.Methods: This study used a two-sample Mendelian-randomization analysis to explore the association of IBS with migraine. Genetic association with migraine were acquired from the UK Biobank (UKB) genetic databases (cases: 1,072; controls: 360,122). We performed estimation using Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), along with Maximum Likelihood, MR-RAPS, MR-Egger and Weighted Median for sensitivity analysis. Considering possible bias, we also conducted polymorphism, heterogeneity, and directional analysis.Results: The IVW estimation genetically predicted the causal association between IBS and migraine (OR=1.09, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.17, p=0.03). Neither statistical horizontal pleiotropy (MR Egger p=0.42; MR-PRESSO p=0.78) nor possible heterogeneity (IVW Q = 26.15, p=0.80) was found. Reverse causation was also not detected (p steiger<0.01).Conclusion: Mendelian randomization analysis supported a positive-going causal association of IBS with migraine, providing enlightenment for disease prevention and control.
Smartphone app-based interventions to support smoking cessation in smokers with mental health conditions: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Jinsong , Chu Joanna Ting Wai , Marsh Samantha , Bullen Chris 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite decades of global tobacco control efforts, tobacco smoking remains a leading cause of preventable disease, death and inequality. Smoking is particularly common in people with mental health conditions. Smartphone apps have been developed as an accessible and affordable tool to support smokers with mental health conditions to quit smoking. However, limited data exists regarding the extent to which these apps are underpinned by evidence from research. Methods: We searched for apps designed to assist smokers with mental health conditions to quit smoking, in two ways: one, from the scientific literature, and two, directly from app stores. For the apps found in app store searches, we determined the extent to which they drew on theories or empirical research evidence for their design, their features, and claims of effectiveness. We assessed and compared usage and rating scores for all apps.Results: The literature search identified eight articles with five apps that were developed based on theories or empirical research evidence. Only two of these apps were available from an app store. Conversely, among the 22 apps found in the major app stores, only nine (41%) were built using theories or research evidence. All apps identified from app stores achieved far larger user numbers (minimum download rate = 1,000 times) and higher user rating scores (average 4.7 out of 5.0) than the apps identified in the literature search (user rating scores average 3.75). Conclusions: In general, smokers with mental health conditions are poorly served by available smoking cessation apps. Most apps developed using theories or empirical evidence are poorly used and have limited longevity. Researchers should plan for ongoing support of research-based apps, beyond the life of the research project. Developers should work in collaboration with researchers to build apps that combine theory and evidence with more engaging end-user design features.
Study on the Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pill s Formula in Treating Parkinson's Disease Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Lin Dongtao , Zeng Yudan , Tang Deyu , Cai Yongming 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. Liuwei Dihuang Pill (LWDH Pills) has good effect on Parkinson's disease but the mechanism of action is not clear. Network pharmacology is the result of integrating the basic theories and research methods of medicine, biology, computer science, bioinformatics and other disciplines, which can systematically and comprehensively reflect the mechanism of drug intervention in disease network.Methods: Obtained the main components and targets of herbs in LWDH Pills through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, and screen the active components of traditional Chinese medicine according to ADME; The PD-related targets were obtained from Gencards, OMIM, TTD, DRUGBANK databases. Used Jvenn to take the intersection of targets of LWDH Pills and PD-related targets, use the String platform to analyze protein interactions, construct a PPI network and explore potential protein functional modules in the network. The Metascape platform was used to performe KEGG pathway and GO Function enrichment analysis. Finally, the Cytoscape software was used to construct the drug-components-target network.Results: After screening and de-weighting, 210 effective active ingredients of LWDH Pills, 204 drug targets, 4333 diabetic nephropathy disease targets, and 162 drug-disease targets were obtained by the intersection of Jvenn. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these targets are involved in neuron death, G protein-coupled amine receptor activity, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, membrane raft, MAPK signaling pathway, cellular senescence and other biological processes. Drug-components-target shows that the hub components of Liuwei Dihuang Pills were quercetin, Stigmasterol, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterolConclusion: LWDH Pill has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway for the treatment of PD. The hub components may be quercetin, Stigmasterol, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol, and may be through pairing hub targets such as AKT1, VEGFA, IL6, etc. to regulate Neuron death, G protein-coupled amine receptor activity, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, membrane raft, MAPK signaling pathway, cellular senescence to play a role in the treatment of PD
Low dose naltrexone for the treatment of fibromyalgia: Protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Bruun Karin Due , Amris Kirstine , Vaegter Henrik Bjarke , Blichfeldt-Eckhardt Morten Rune , Holsgaard-Larsen Anders , Christensen Robin , Toft Palle 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Low dose naltrexone (LDN) is used widely as off-label treatment for pain despite limited evidence for its effectiveness. A few small trials with high risk of bias have investigated the effect of LDN on pain associated with fibromyalgia in women, but larger and more methodologically robust studies are needed. The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate if 12 weeks of LDN treatment is superior to placebo in reducing the average pain intensity during the last seven days in women with fibromyalgia.Methods A single-center, permuted block randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial will be performed in Denmark. Randomization comprises 100 women aged 18–64 years and diagnosed with fibromyalgia who will be treated with either LDN or placebo for 12 weeks including a four-week titration phase. The primary outcome is change in average pain intensity (during the last seven days) from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes are other fibromyalgia-related symptoms, i.e. tenderness, fatigue, sleep disturbance, stiffness, memory problems, depression, anxiety and measures of global assessment, physical function, impact of fibromyalgia, pain distribution, and health-related quality of life. Intention-to-treat analysis will be performed, and the number of responders with a more than 15%, 30%, and 50% improvement of pain after 12 weeks will be calculated for the LDN and placebo groups. Exploratory outcomes include measures of pain sensitivity, muscle performance, and biomarkers.Discussion This study will contribute with high-level evidence on the efficacy of low dose naltrexone for the treatment of pain in women with fibromyalgia. Secondary outcomes include both disease-specific and generic components investigating whether LDN influences other symptoms than pain. Explorative outcomes are included to provide greater insight into the mechanism of action of LDN and possibly a better understanding of the underlying pathology in fibromyalgia.Trial registration: EudraCT number 2019-000702-30 (registered on 2019-07-12). ClincalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04270877 (registered on 2020-02-17).
Aspirin as secondary prevention in colorectal cancer liver metastasis (ASAC trial): Study protocol for a multicentre randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Yaqub Sheraz , Bjørnbeth Bjørn Atle , Angelsen Jon-Helge , Fristrup Claus Wilki , Grønbech Jon Erik , Hemmingsson Oskar , Isaksson Bengt , Juel Ingebjørg Soterud , Larsen Peter Nørgaard , Lindell Gert , Mortensen Frank Viborg , Mortensen Kim Erlend , Rizell Magnus , Sandström Per , Sandvik Oddvar Mathias , Sparrelid Ernesto , Taflin Helena , Taskén Kjetil 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one the most common cancers in the western world with increasing incidence. Approximately 50% of the patients develop liver metastases. Resection of liver metastases is treatment of choice although almost half of the resected patients get recurrence in the liver.Methods: The ASAC trial is a Scandinavian, multi-centre, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study to determine whether adjuvant treatment with low-dose Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)) can improve disease-free survival in patients treated for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Up to 800 patients operated for CRCLM will be randomized to Arm#1 ASA 160 mg once daily or Arm#2 Placebo, for a period of 3 years or until disease recurrence. The patients will be recruited at all major hepatobiliary surgical units in Norway, Sweden and Denmark and have follow-up according to standard of care and the National Guidelines.Discussion: The ASAC trial will be the first clinical interventional trial to assess the potential beneficial role of ASA in recurrence of CRCLM and survival. ASA is an inexpensive, well tolerated, and easily accessible drug that will be highly potential as adjuvant drug in secondary prevention of CRCLM if the study shows a beneficial effect. We will also determine the effect of ASA as adjuvant treatment on Health-Related Quality of Life and the cost-effectiveness.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03326791. Registered 31 October 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03326791?term=asac&draw=2&rank=1