bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Predictors of Occurrence of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Patients with Reduced Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction. Results of Single-Center Prospective Study
Authors: Ilov N. N. , Palnikova O. V. , Stompel D. R. , Nechepurenko А. A. 
Published: June 2021

Aim To evaluate the diagnostic significance of clinical and demographic parameters for predicting a 2-year probability of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (CHFrLVEF).Material and methods This single-center, prospective cohort study included 175 patients with CHFrLVEF who were implanted with a cardioverter defibrillator (CD). The endpoint was a CD-detected episode of VT. Patients were followed up for 2 years with visits at 3, 12, and 24 months after CD implantation.Results The primary endpoint was observed in 43 (24.4 %) patients at an average of 20.9 months (95 % confidence interval (CI), 20–21.9). The 2-year risk of fatal ventricular arrhythmias increased with detection of unstable VT (one-factor analysis, odds ratio (OR), 4.2; 95 % CI, 1.1–16.5; р=0.041; multifactor analysis, OR, 6.3; 95 % CI, 1.5–26.3; р=0.012) and with ischemic CHFrLVEF origin (one-factor analysis, OR, 2.2; 95 % CI, 1.1–4.5; p=0.021; multifactor analysis, OR, 2.5; 95 % CI, 1.2–5.1; р=0.018). In the presence of any type of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with non-ischemic CHFrLVEF, the probability of VT increased threefold (one-factor analysis, OR, 2.97; 95 % CI, 1.02–8.8; р=0.047; multifactor analysis, OR, 3.5; 95 % CI, 1.1–10.9; р=0.032).Conclusion The presence of ischemic heart disease and unstable VT paroxysms can be included in the number of important clinical predictors of VT in patients with CHFrLVEF. In patients with non-ischemic CHF, the presence of AF is associated with a high risk of VT.
Assessment of Awareness and Experience of Using off-label Drugs by Doctors of Clinical Specialties
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Shepel R. N. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Kutishenko N. P. , Berns S. A. , Bulgakova E. S. , Orlov D. O. , Belkin I. A. 
Published: June 2021

Aim To evaluate the frequency of off-label prescription of medicines in practice of clinical specialists and the awareness of respondents of the procedure of justified off-label prescription.Material and methods The sample included 542 clinical specialists who worked in definite medical organizations in 26 entities of the Russian Federation. The respondents were proposed to fill in remotely an anonymous questionnaire to evaluate the experience of prescribing medicines off-label to adult patients.Results Prescribing medicines not in consistence with the officially approved instruction for medical use (off-label or “outside instruction”) is a relevant issue of global medical care since convincing scientific evidence for safety of such use is scarce. Analysis of information about off-label prescription is one of current tasks of national medical research centers according to the Federal Project “Development of a network of national medical research centers and implementation of innovative medical technologies”. According to the responses about the frequency of off-label prescriptions 67.5 % of respondents reported of no experience of off-label prescription, 27.7 % said “rarely” or “sometimes”, and 4.8 % said “frequently” and “very frequently”. Specialties of physicians who have more often used medicines off-label (50% and more) included obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, rheumatology, hematology, and pulmonology. Cardiologists, neurologists and clinical pharmacologists use medicines off-label relatively rarely (19.6%, 28.6 %, and 22.2 %, respectively). 40 % of medicines used off-label were those designed for the treatment of coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2. The medicines most frequently used off-label included metformin, rituximab, and thioctic acid. 65 % of respondents assessed their knowledge of off-label prescription as insufficient. In addition, 75 % of respondents consider it useful to receive additional information about risks and benefits of off-label prescription in clinical practice.Conclusion The survey revealed the need of physicians for information about risks of the off-label use of medicines in clinical practice.
Análise do avanço de ignição em MBT e sua influência na eficiência energética automotiva
Authors: Sá Sérgio Roque de , Lima João Alves de 
Published: June 2021

<p>A busca pela melhora da eficiência energética de automóveis tem sido objeto de alta relevância no cenário mundial. Normas ambientais para redução da emissão de poluentes como HC, CO2, NOX, impuseram à indústria automobilística desenvolver meios para mitigar a emissão desses gases e aumentar a eficiência de seus motores. Pacotes tecnológicos como downsizing, turbo-compressão, injeção direta e comando de válvulas eletromagnético, entre outros, são hoje uma realidade. O avanço de ignição também desempenha um papel fundamental, sendo o objetivo do presente trabalho, investigar, via simulação numérica, como esse parâmetro influência no comportamento térmico de motores. O modelo matemático empregado é descrito pelo ciclo Otto, modificado com processos de admissão, descarga, turbo-compressão, liberação finita de calor (para emular o processo de combustão) e presença de gás residual. Resultados de pressão, temperatura, trabalho instantâneo e indicado e eficiência térmica foram obtidos em função do avanço de ignição, empregando-se dados geométricos e operacionais de um motor VW AP 1.8 a álcool. Para as condições adotadas, o motor apresentou sua melhor operação, em termos de Avanço Mínimo para Melhor Torque (MBT: Minimum Advance for Best Torque) e Fração de Massa Queimada (MFB: Mass Fraction Burned), para o avanço da ignição em -13º, posição angular do virabrequim na qual 50% da massa de combustível era queimada a 8º. Tal situação, como indicado na literatura, descreve prerrogativas operacionais ótimas de eficiência energética com mínimo trabalho negativo, no processo de compressão, e máximo trabalho positivo no de expansão.</p>
Constructivism Applied: An Example from the Teaching of Computing
Authors: Hinton Brian 
Published: June 2021

The state of science education is similar to that of other disciplines: research shows a clear need for new instructional strategies based on a constructivist model of learning emphasizing conceptual growth, conceptual change and the conditions that support conceptual change. Practice, however, remains anchored in behaviorist theory and rote methods of learning. “Serious constructivist approaches usually set out to reorganize traditional teaching by including changes of aims, setup of content structures, media, and teaching/learning strategies” (Treagust et al, 1996, p7). Maher and Alston (1990) discuss constructivist reform efforts and the implications for classroom teaching focusing on three issues that arise repeatedly: how to learn to listen to students’ thinking; how to organize classroom activities to support “listening and questioning”; and how to implement forms of assessment that document students’ questions.
This paper describes some constructivist teaching methodology and practices, and highlights their effectiveness as an aid to teaching and understanding in the classroom.
PENGARUH VARIASI SUHU DAN MEDIA PENDINGIN PADA PROSES PACK NITRIDING MATERIAL SUS 630 TERHADAP NILAI KEKERASAN DAN STRUKUR MIKRO
Authors: SILALAHI YOSEPH NETANYAHU , Tamjidilllah Mastiadi 
Published: June 2021

This research investigates the application of material engineering techniques on Stainless steel SUS 630 so that it not only has good resilience and resistance to corrosive properties but also has hard properties on its surface. In an effort to improve the quality of violence on the surface, among others, by surface hardening technique, one of which is a heat treatment technique by adding nitrogen elements to the surface of a material called the nitriding pack process. The nitrogen source in the pack nitriding process comes from urea (CO(NH2)2) with a nitrogen content of 46%. Parameters for controlling this study using variables by applying temperature variations (4200C, 4700C, 5200C, 5700C, 6200C) and cooling media (inside the furnace, room temperature, and with fan) with a holding time of 2 hours. To evaluate this study microstructure testing, diffusion layer testing and micro hardness testing were carried out. From the results of the test it was found that there was no significant transformation of the microstructure shape when comparing with raw material, the optimal value of diffusion layer was in the cooling furnace with a temperature of 6200C with an average of 4.57 μm and white layer 0.53 , the highest hardness was at 6200C with cooling in furnace media which has a value of 80.9 HRN.
PENGARUH TIPE KACA PENUTUP 1 SISI DAN 2 SISI DENGAN ABSORBER TEMBAGA PADA SOLAR DISTILLATION TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KONDENSAT AIR LAUT
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Tamjidillah Mastiadi 
Published: June 2021

Distilasi matahari merupakan suatu alat yang memanfaatkan energi radiasi matahari sebagai sumber panasnya. Penelitian ini membandingkan destilasi surya tipe penutup kaca 1 sisi dan 2 sisi dengan penyerap tembaga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perpindahan kalor yang terjadi, produktivitas air yang dihasilkan dan kualitas air yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 4 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distilasi surya dengan penutup kaca 1 sisi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan penutup kaca 2 sisi. Ini terlihat dari produktivitas air yang dihasilkan. Distilasi surya dengan penutup kaca 1 sisi memiliki produktivitas air 468 ml, sedangkan destilasi surya dengan penutup kaca 2 sisi hanya 450 ml. Perpindahan panas konduksi tertinggi terjadi pada distilasi surya dengan penutup kaca 1 sisi sebesar 4064,6 Watt. Untuk konveksi perpindahan panas tertinggi terjadi pada destilasi surya dengan penutup kaca 1 sisi yaitu 0,16 Watt. Perpindahan panas radiasi tertinggi terjadi pada destilasi surya dengan penutup kaca 1 sisi sebesar 34,7 Watt. Hasil penelitian kualitas air yang dihasilkan oleh kedua distilasi surya tersebut adalah air tersebut dapat dikategorikan sebagai air bersih. Solar distillation is a device that utilizes solar radiation energy as a source of heat. This research compares solar distillation with 1 sided and 2 sided glass cover type with copper absorber. The purpose of this research is to determine the heat transfer that occurs, the productivity of the water produced and the quality of water produced. Research is doing for 4 days. The results of this research that solar distillation with 1 sided glass cover is better to 2 sided glass cover. This is seen from the productivity of the water produced. Solar distillation with 1 sided glass cover has a water productivity of 468 ml, while solar distillation with 2 sided glass cover is only 450 ml. The highest conduction heat transfer is in solar distillation with 1 sided glass cover is 4064.6 Watts. For the highest convection heat transfer is in solar distillation with 1 sided glass cover is 0.16 Watt. The highest radiation heat transfer is in solar distillation with 1 sided glass cover is 34.7 Watts. The results of research the quality of water produced by both solar distillation is that the water can be categorized as clean water.
RE-DESIGN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH DAN FIRE HYDRANT DI GEDUNG PLN UP3B KALSELTENG
Authors: Aji Anas Satria , Siswanto Rudi 
Published: June 2021

Sistem penyediaan dan distribusi air bersih di gedung-gedung bertingkat sering mengalami kendala. Tidak terkecuali PT. PLN (Persero) Gedung UP3B Kalselteng yang tidak luput dari permasalahan tersebut. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan perancangan ulang sistem distribusi dan penyediaan air bersih serta hidran kebakaran pada gedung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini antara lain menganalisis kebutuhan dan distribusi air bersih dan hidran kebakaran di dalam gedung. Kebutuhan air bersih dihitung berdasarkan jumlah penduduk yang mengkonsumsi air bersih, jenis dan jumlah unit beban alat perpipaan. Perhitungan head loss pada pipa menggunakan persamaan Hazen - William, Darcy-Weisbach dan Colebrook-White. Clean water supply and distribution systems in high-risk buildings often experience problems. No exception is the PT. PLN (Persero) UP3B Kalselteng Building which did not escape this problem. For this reason, it is necessary to re-design the distribution system and provide clean water and fire hydrants to the building. The objectives of this study include analyzing the needs and distribution of clean water and fire hydrants in the building. Clean water needs were calculated based on the number of people that consuming the clean water, the type and number of plumbing tools load unit. Calculation of head loss in pipes used Hazen – William, Darcy-Weisbach and Colebrook-White equation.Clean water supply and distribution systems in high rise buildings often experience problems. No exception is the PT. PLN (Persero) UP3B Kalselteng Building which did not escape this problem. For this reason, it is necessary to re-design the distribution system and provide clean water and fire hydrants to the building. The objectives of this study include analyzing the needs and distribution of clean water and fire hydrants in the building.Clean water needs was calculated based on the number of people that consuming the clean water, the type and number of plumbing tools load unit. Calculation of head loss in pipes used Hazen – William, Darcy-Weisbach and Colebrook-White equation.
Tendon Transfers for the Treatment of Finger Flexion Weakness in a Patient With Inclusion Body Myositis
Authors: Thompson Austin R , Brant Jason E , Ensrud Erik R , Mirarchi Adam J 
Published: June 2021

Case:
We describe a 71-year-old patient with inclusion body myositis (IBM), characterized by progressive atrophy and weakness in his left upper extremity. This patient underwent extensor carpi radialis longus to flexor pollicis longus and brachioradialis to flexor digitorum profundus tendon transfers in the left upper extremity to reduce IBM-related functional deficits. He had noticeable improvements in finger flexion after the transfers, which have been sustained for 2 years after the procedure.

Conclusion:
This case reinforces that this novel tendon transfer may be an effective treatment option to improve hand function and activities of daily living in patients with IBM.
Irreducible Chronic Volar Dislocation of the Distal Radioulnar Joint After Surgery for Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Kamekura Satoru , Hosaka Yoko , Sasaki Gen , Miyamoto Hideaki , Kimura Michio , Hirota Jinso 
Published: June 2021

Case:
We report a case of irreducible chronic volar dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) after surgery for distal radius fracture. The patient underwent volar locking plate fixation for distal radius fracture. Despite the satisfactory alignment of the distal radius, irreducible volar dislocation of the DRUJ was discovered at 5 weeks after the initial surgery. DRUJ reconstruction at 9 weeks after injury using the Adams-Berger procedure resulted in a stable and functional DRUJ and wrist.

Conclusion:
To prevent postoperative DRUJ instability or dislocation, the DRUJ should be evaluated for stability immediately after fracture fixation.
Opening up Educational Practices through Faculty, Librarian, and Student Collaboration in OER Creation: Moving from Labor-intensive to Supervisory Involvement
Authors: McGeary Bryan , Guder Christopher , Ganeshan Ashwini 
Published: June 2021

This article presents a case study for transitioning library-led open-educational resources (OER) initiatives away from labor-intensive activities to a model where library personnel focus on project management responsibilities. This shift from labour-intensive activities, such as workshops and training sessions, led to more collaborative partnerships with faculty and students to produce OER projects. In particular, we focus on labour implications for the various stakeholders involved and the sustainability of these initiatives. We describe several initiatives undertaken by the Ohio University Libraries to encourage open educational resource adoptions and projects, including a grant-funded initiative to provide support services for faculty creating OER. That funding, which was awarded to enhance undergraduate education, has been used to support the development of five OER projects that have directly involved students in the creation of those materials. We provide an overview of the various ways in which students have become involved in OER creation in partnership with faculty and librarians and discuss the impact these partnerships have had on student-faculty-librarian relationships and student engagement. Among these projects are an Hispanic linguistics open textbook created using only student-authored texts, student-generated test banks to accompany existing OER materials for a large-enrollment art history course, and several other projects in which hired student assistants are helping faculty to develop content for open textbooks. This article helps to address a gap in the literature by providing transparency regarding the personnel, costs, and workflow for Ohio University Libraries’ OER initiatives and addressing potential areas of concern surrounding student labour.
Experimental and Simulated Comparison of Finite Element Models of Bimetallic Sheets for Deep Drawing Process
Authors: Dengiz Cengiz Görkem , Yildizli Kemal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, different techniques using for modeling of bimetallic sheets by finite elements method has been compared. Sheets modeled with 5 different assumptions were compared with each other and experimental datas, to determine the FE model that gives the most realistic result. FE models were created with the assumption that the adhesion was excellent or separable, and with the case that the solidified adhesive in the intermediate layer was modeled and not modeled. As a result, the closest values to the experimental results were obtained with the model created with the assumption that there is a solidified adhesive layer in the middle layer and there is an adhesion interface between this layer and metallic layers. On the other hand, when the adhesive is not modeled in the intermediate layer, it has been observed that the CPU time is reduced by 2 times while the results are seen small changes.
Above and Beyond Safety: Psychosocial and Biobehavioral Impact of Autism-Assistance Dogs on Autistic Children and Their Families
Authors: Tseng Angela 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Autism-Assistance Dogs (AADs) are highly-skilled service animals trained primarily to ensure the safety of an autistic child by preventing elopement and mitigating “meltdowns”. Whereas families with AADs attest anecdotally to the psychosocial and behavioral benefits of their dogs above and beyond safety, quantitative, empirical support for these reports is lacking. The present study investigated the effects of well-trained AADs using validated clinical, behavioral, and physiological measures. We recruited families (N=13) from the top of an accredited training dog organization’s wait-list for AADs and collected pre/post-AAD data using a within subject, repeated measures design. Our findings demonstrate that, in addition to enhancing child outcomes, the integration of well-trained AADs can impact families positively across multiple domains of health and function.
Exploration of Anti-Staphylococcus Aureus Activity and Molecular Mechanism of Wuweixiaoduyin using Network Pharmacology Anti-Staphylococcus Aureus Activity of Wuweixiaoduyin using Network Pharmacology
Authors: Huang Kai , Lin Bigyuan , Ren Haiyong , Mao Qifen , Guo Qiaofeng , Liu Yiyang , You Qi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) infection imposes a serious burden to global healthcare systems. WWXDY (Wuweixiaoduyin) is a traditional Chinese medicine, and it is usually used to treat infections in China. This study aimed to explore the active compounds, therapeutic targets, key pathways, and potential mechanisms of WWXDY in the treatment of S. aureus infection. Materials & Methods:Data related to active compounds and therapeutic targets of WWXDY for treating S. aureus were collected from DisGeNET, GeneCards, and DrugBank databases. To explore the roles of the active targets in gene function and signaling pathways, KEGG (Kyoto Gene and Genomics Encyclopedia) pathway enrichment and GO (Gene Ontology) analyses of the 122 target genes in the PPI (protein-protein interaction) network were performed. We further performed NP (network pharmacology) by using a network analyzer to screen 30 key targets. Results:A total 92 active compounds of WWXDY were screened. The 122 overlapped genes were found from 785 therapeutic targets and 684 S. aureus-related genes. Besides, 92 active compounds of WWXDY, such as mandenol, ethyllinolenate, eriodyctiol, secologanic dibutylacetal_qt, etc., were identified. The PPI network of the effective ingredients of WWXDY in treating S. aureus infection identified the top 30 genes, including IL-6 (interleukin-6), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A), AKT1, CXCL8, MAPK3 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 3), TLR (toll-like receptor 4), IL-1β, EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), and MMP9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9). Conclusion:The GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that 122 overlapped genes were mainly enriched in COVID-19, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, Pertussis, and Chagas disease. Our findings indicated the active compounds and therapeutic targets of WWXDY in treating S. aureus infection, as well as its potential mechanisms.
Species Distribution Modeling And Assessment of Environmental Drivers Responsible To Distribution And Preferred Niche of Critically Endangered Endemic Ornamental Freshwater Fish Species of The Genus Sahyadria
Authors: Pathak Ajey Kumar , Verma Pushpendra , Dayal Rajesh , Sarkar Uttam Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
India has different bio-climatic zones that support diverse aquatic habitats rich in biodiversity. For effective conservation of endangered species in its habitat, it is essential to know the distribution of the fish species in the environmental range and for this species distribution models are the efficient and innovative tools. The present study used MaxEnt model to develop the probability distribution model highlighting the distribution of the fish species by analyzing the known occurrence records of Denison barb under genus Sahyadria (Sahyadria denisonii Day 1865 and Sahyadria chalakkudiensis (Menon, Rema Devi & Thobias 1999)) in relation to environmental variables typically incorporating seasonal and temporal variability. AUC of the models for Sahyadria species depicted good fitness. Both the species were found sensitive to 'Solar radiation', 'Temperature seasonality' and 'Temperature annual range' and these variables were assessed as the significant predictors. The sensitivity of distribution of both species to these environmental variables was found correlated with their breading and spawning seasons. 'Precipitation' was determined as a significant climatic envelop influencing distribution of the species associated with the river flow. The models showed that distribution of S. denisonii in the higher precipitation areas compared to S. chalakkudiensi. The probability distribution model with respect to distribution of both the species indicates a lineage barrier at Palghat Gap supporting the studies of earlier workers. At the latitudinal scale, prediction of the suitable ecological habitat provides the detailed insight into the distribution of all the genetic lineages of the genus Sahyadria. Evidently, the findings of this study can assist in determining ecological niches for other threatened and endangered species of other areas and may aid in field surveys as well as developing conservation plans.