bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein Phosphatase 2A–Dependent Mitotic hnRNPA1 Dephosphorylation and TERRA Formation Facilitate Telomere Capping
Authors: Sui Jiang-Dong , Tang Zheng , Chen Benjamin P.C. , Huang Ping , Yang Meng-Qi , Wang Nuo-Han , Yang Hao-Nan , Tu Hong-Lei , Jiang Qing-Ming , Zhang Jing , Wang Ying , Wu Yong-Zhong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1), telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA), and protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) have been reported to orchestrate to displace replication protein A (RPA) from telomeric overhangs, ensuring orderly telomere replication and capping. Our previous studies further demonstrated that DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)-dependent hnRNPA1 phosphorylation plays a crucial role in the promotion of hnRNPA1 binding to telomeric overhangs and RPA displacement during G2–M phases. However, it is unclear that how the subsequent exchange between hnRNPA1 and POT1 is orchestrated. Here we report that the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) depends on its scaffold subunit, which is called PPP2R1A, to interact with and dephosphorylate hnRNPA1 in the late M phase. Furthermore, PP2A-mediated hnRNPA1 dephosphorylation and TERRA accumulation act in concert to promote the hnRNPA1-to-POT1 switch on telomeric single-stranded DNA. Consequently, defective PPP2R1A results in ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-mediated DNA damage response at telomeres as well as induction of fragile telomeres. Combined inhibition of ATR and PP2A induces entry into a catastrophic mitosis and leads to synthetic lethality of tumor cells. In addition, PPP2R1A levels correlate with clinical stages and prognosis of multiple types of cancers. Taken together, our results indicate that PP2A is critical for telomere maintenance.

Implications:
This study demonstrates that the PP2A-dependent hnRNPA1 dephosphorylation and TERRA accumulation facilitates the formation of the protective capping structure of newly replicated telomeres, thus exerting essential oncogenic role in tumorigenesis.
Off-Label Under- and Overdosing of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xin-Lin , Zhang Xiao-Wen , Wang Ting-Yu , Wang Hong-Wei , Chen Zheng , Xu Biao , Xu Wei 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Prescriptions of off-label under- and overdosing of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are common for patients with atrial fibrillation, but their efficacy and safety remain unknown.

Methods:
Databases were searched for randomized controlled trial or adjusted observational study that compared an off-label versus on-label dosing of DOACs through June 15, 2021. The primary efficacy outcome was ischemic stroke/system embolism (IS/SE), and primary safety outcome was major bleeding. Net clinical outcome was generally defined as the composite of IS/SE, major bleeding, and all-cause death. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were pooled with random-effects models with Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method for adjustment.

Results:

Sixteen studies with 130 609 patients were included. Compared with on-labeling dosing, off-label underdosing of DOACs was associated with a higher risk of IS/SE (HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.05–1.42],
P
=0.01). The incidence of major bleeding was similar (HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.82–1.11],
P
=0.48). Off-label underdosing was associated with a higher risk of net clinical outcome (HR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.04–1.40],
P
=0.04) and all-cause death (HR, 1.24 [95% CI, 1.04–1.48],
P
=0.02). Stratified analysis of off-label underdosing of DOACs for IS/SE showed subgroup differences among different DOAC types and study regions. Limited data showed that off-label overdosing was associated with a higher risk of IS/SE (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.11–1.43],
P
=0.003) and major bleeding (HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.04–1.62],
P
=0.025).

Conclusions:
Compared with on-label dosing, off-label underdosing of DOACs increased the risk of thromboembolic events but did not decrease the risk of bleeding. Limited data for off-label overdosing showed higher risks of thromboembolic and bleeding. Further studies are warranted to confirm the results of off-label overdosing DOACs and subgroup results of underdosing DOACs.
The Economics of Modern Imperialism
Authors: Carchedi Guglielmo , Roberts Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This work focuses exclusively on the modern economic aspects of imperialism. We define it as a persistent and long-term net appropriation of surplus value by the high-technology imperialist countries from the low-technology dominated countries. This process is placed within the secular tendential fall in profitability, not only in the imperialist countries but also in the dominated ones. We identify four channels through which surplus value flows to the imperialist countries: currency seigniorage; income flows from capital investments; unequal exchange through trade; and changes in exchange rates.
We pay particular attention to the theorisation and quantification of international UE and of exchange-rate movements. Concerning UE, we extend Marx’s transformation procedure to the international setting. We use two variables in the analysis of UE: the organic composition of capital and the rate of exploitation, and we measure which of these two variables is more important in contributing to UE transfers. We research a time span longer than in any previous study. We also introduce the distinction between narrow and broad unequal exchange according to whether two countries are assumed to trade only with each other or also with the rest of the world.
As for the analysis of the exchange rates as a channel for appropriation of international surplus value, we reject conventional approaches because they are rooted in equilibrium theory. We find very strong empirical evidence that exchange rates tend towards the point at which the productivities are equalised. This is only a tendency because this equalisation is inherently incompatible with the nature of imperialism.
Finally, given its topicality, we apply our analysis to the relation between the US and China and find that China is not an imperialist country according to our definition and data.
Augustine’s Cassiciacum Dialogues
Authors: Heffernan George 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
These four volumes present Michael Foley’s comprehensive new edition of Augustine’s four Cassiciacum Dialogues: Against the Academics, On the Happy Life, On Order, and Soliloquies. Foley’s novel approach is unitary as well as unique insofar as it presents fluent translations of all the dialogues and includes detailed annotations, extensive commentaries, and numerous cross references, all of which are motivated by the intention to make Augustine’s earliest writings available to scholars and accessible to students in a single set of four books. Distinguished by philosophical astuteness, pedagogical insightfulness, and philological judiciousness, the entire edition represents a significant advancement of the study of Augustine, especially of the thought of the relatively neglected and undervalued early Augustine. It has the potential to become the standard edition of Augustine’s Cassiciacum Dialogues in English.
A Pontic Ophir: A Proposed Emendation to Gregory of Nazianzus’s Epistle 4 on Basil’s Monastery
Authors: MacDougall Byron 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Gregory of Nazianzus’s Ep. 4 to Basil features a hapax that has given pause to readers Byzantine and modern alike. A conjecture is proposed that restores sense to the passage and in such a way that it engages with Basil’s own letter.
What Are the Next Steps for the International Seabed Authority after the Invocation of the ‘Two-year Rule’?
Authors: Singh Pradeep A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In late June 2021, the Republic of Nauru invoked a legal provision known as the ‘two-year rule’ at the International Seabed Authority (ISA), which effectively obliges the Council of the ISA to complete the elaboration of the mineral exploitation regulations within the prescribed time of two years, that is, by 9 July 2023. This article provides an update on recent developments at the ISA since the invocation of the two-year rule, outlining six options that appear to be available to the ISA Council in response to the invocation of the rule.
The Identities of the Second Intermediate Period Dynasties in Egypt
Authors: Mahieu Bieke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The composition of and the relationship between the Second Intermediate Period dynasties are still unclear. The present study proposes that Egypt is united during the first half of Dynasty 13 but divided following Merneferra Ay. The Middle Kingdom wꜥrwt system is applied to this division: late Dynasty 13 rules the District of the South (centered at Itjtawy), Dynasty 15 rules the District of the North (centered at Avaris), and Dynasty 16 the District of the Head of the South (centered at Thebes). Dynasty 14 consists of a conglomeration of kinglets in the Delta contemporary with Dynasty 15. Dynasty 17 evolves from the Thinite subdistrict and takes over half of the territory of Dynasty 16, at the end of the reign of Nebiryrau I. The number of kings for each dynasty can be reconstructed on the basis of a combination of the data in Manetho and in the Turin King List.
Karl with Carl
Authors: Gerber Julien-François 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This essay argues that bringing Marxist and Jungian thought together can be surprisingly fruitful. While both traditions are ultimately concerned with human flourishing, they focus on different aspects of reality which would need to be combined for genuine emancipation: the social and the individual, the conscious and the unconscious, objectivity and subjectivity, modernity and ancestrality, science and spirituality. After briefly discussing divergences and convergences between the two authors, I present fragments of a Jungian-Marxian anthropology, around the depth of social struggles, the relations between ideology and archetypes, the psychic costs of capitalism, and Degrowth as the possible political project of this synthesis. If one takes human and nonhuman flourishing seriously, one can only go post-capitalist and seek to reorganize society around a slower pace, a simpler life, and more sharing and caring. The essay ends with a plea to bring back the soul to the core of radical activism.
贛語梗攝陽聲韻字的讀音及其演變
Authors: 熊 燕 
Published: December 2021

摘要
本文考察中古梗攝陽聲韻字在贛方言中的讀音，以地圖的形式展示讀音分佈情況，嘗試從梗攝陽聲韻字讀音差異探討贛語和周邊方言的關係。贛語梗攝陽聲韻字文讀音受官話的影響，部分方言替換為官話讀音，部分方言疊置多個文讀層次。白讀層讀音顯示福建建寧一帶青韻部分字有別於庚三清韻字，属于存古；湖北陽新、湖南安仁等地梗攝陽聲韻字則併入宕江攝，顯示與湘語有過共同發展。
早期天主教客家方言文獻的方言歸屬地問題
Authors: 莊 初昇 , 大島 廣美 
Published: December 2021

摘要
摘 要：19世紀40年代末之後陸續進入中國客家地區傳教的天主教修會有法國巴黎外方傳教會和美國瑪利諾外方傳教會。巴黎外方傳教會於1850年到梅縣傳教，此後所編寫和出版的客家方言文獻主要有《客法詞典》（1901/1926）和《客家社會生活對話》（1937）；美國瑪利諾外方傳教會於1925年進入粵東嘉應地區傳教，隨後編寫和出版了《客話導論》（1926）和《客話讀本》（1948/1952）。此前學界有關《客法詞典》的研究成果較多，對上述其他文獻也有所涉獵，基本上都認為它們所記錄的客家方言屬於梅縣話。本文對上述文獻進一步進行梳理，並在田野調查的基礎上結合兩個修會的傳教歷史以及文獻作者的傳教經歷，對過往主流的“梅縣說”提出質疑，明確提出天主教客家方言文獻的語言特點具有一定的混雜性，但主體特徵與粵東平遠、蕉嶺一帶的客家方言更為接近的觀點。
Microphysics of Convective and Stratiform Precipitation during the Summer Monsoon Season over the Yangtze–Huaihe River Valley, China
Authors: Chen Fengjiao , Zheng Xiaoyi , Wen Huayang , Yuan Ye 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Precipitation microphysics are critical for precipitation estimation and forecasting in numerical models. Using six years of observations from the Global Precipitation Measurement satellite, the spatial characteristics of precipitation microphysics are examined during the summer monsoon season over the Yangtze–Huaihe River valley. The results indicate that the heaviest convective rainfall is located mainly between the Huaihe and Yangtze Rivers, associated with a smaller mass-weighted mean diameter (Dm = ∼1.65 mm) and a larger mean generalized intercept parameter (Nw) (∼41 dBNw) at 2 km in altitude than those over the surrounding regions. Further, the convection in this region also has the lowest polarization-corrected temperature at 89 GHz (PCT89 < 254 K), indicating high concentrations of ice hydrometeors. For a given rainfall intensity, stratiform precipitation is characterized by a smaller mean Dm than convective precipitation. Below 4.5 km in altitude, the vertical slope of medium reflectivity factor varies with the rainfall intensity, which decreases slightly downward for light rain (<2.5 mm h−1), increases slightly for moderate rain (2.5–7.9 mm h−1), and increases more sharply for heavy rain (≥8 mm h−1) for both convective and stratiform precipitation. The increase in the amplitude of heavy rain for stratiform precipitation is much higher than that for convective precipitation, probably due to more efficient growth by warm rain processes. The PCT89 values have a greater potential to inform the near-surface microphysical parameters in convective precipitation compared with stratiform precipitation.
Communicating Heat-Health Information to the Public: Assessing Municipal Government Extreme Heat Event Website Content
Authors: Zottarelli Lisa K. , Blake Starla A. , Garza Michelle T. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Extreme heat events pose a threat to human health. Forecasting and warning strategies have been developed to mitigate heat-health hazards. Yet, studies have found that the public lacks knowledge about their heat-health risks and preventive actions to take to reduce risks. Local governmental websites are an important means to communicate preparedness to the public. The purpose of this study is to examine information provided to the public on municipal government web pages of the 10 most populous U.S. cities. A two-level document and content analyses were conducted. A direct content analysis was conducted using federal government websites and documents to create the Extreme Heat Event Public Response Rubric. The rubric contains two broad categories of populations and actions that are further specified. The rubric was then used to examine local government extreme heat event websites for the 10 most populous cities in the United States. The examination of the local government sites found that information included on the websites failed to identify the breadth of populations at greater risk for adverse heat-health outcomes and omitted some recommended actions designed to prevent adverse heat-health events. Local governments often communicated concrete and simple content to the public but more complex information was not included on their websites.

Significance Statement
Extreme heat is the leading weather-related cause of mortality in the United States annually. Public response to extreme heat events requires that the public understand their risk and know the actions to take to mitigate that risk. The public seeks information from local government websites. Our results found that many local government websites did not provide the information to the public on the array of conditions and factors that put people at a greater risk for an adverse heat-health event, nor did the websites include information on the variety of actions that the public should take in response to an extreme heat event in order to reduce their risks. Addressing the omission of the information on these websites may improve public response to extreme heat events.
Addressing the Gap Areas Crucial for Survival by Focusing on the Key Growth Determinants of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in India: A Critical Analysis Pertaining to Textile Sector MSMEs
Authors: Gautam Nidhi 
Published: December 2021

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are crucial for the overall development of the country. Realising the same, there are various policy support measures introduced by the government. This paper attempts to study the gaps in the present policies available for the MSMEs with respect to the textile sector MSMEs. Through a systematic approach, based on secondary literature and stakeholder engagement, the study attempts to come up with a decision matrix based on the identified key growth determinants of MSMEs. A questionnaire was developed for collecting the responses from expert stakeholders to rank the identified list of determinants influencing the growth of MSMEs. A mix of top-down and bottom-up methodology has been adopted to identify the key determinants of MSMEs having the major influence on the sector’s growth. It was found that the top 10 determinants influencing the growth of MSMEs are profitability, quality of product, entrepreneurial behaviour, legal structure, product differentiation strategy, new/improved products produced, industry friendly policies, employee sensitiveness, ability to fund enterprise growth from profits generated. It is argued that in order to make MSMEs sustainable, policymakers should take a targeted approach focusing on these key growth determinants so as to create a conducive ecosystem for MSMEs. JEL Codes: O100, L210, L250
Conceptualizing talent in public sector municipalities
Authors: Tyskbo Daniel 
Published: December 2021

While talent management is considered a top priority among practitioners and constitutes a major research area, the actual meaning of talent still remains largely undefined. In response to a lack of clarity and empirical basis regarding the notion of talent, various calls have been made for exploring how organizations conceptualize talent, particularly in the public sector context. This article answers these calls by adopting a qualitative in-depth case study to explore how senior Human Resources (HR) managers in public sector municipalities conceptualize talent in practice. The findings illustrate how HR managers use a variety of conceptualizations of talent. We analyze and theorize this variation and the ways of conceptualizing talent using two conceptualization categories: non-contextual conceptualizations, which are general and related to official practices (i.e. talent as future leaders and talent as a general commitment and drive forward), and contextual conceptualizations, which are specific and related to informal assumptions (i.e. talent as Trojans and specialists, talent as individual agility, and talent as public service awareness). Points for practitioners Human Resources (HR) managers use a variety of conceptualizations of talent in practice. Two conceptualization categories – that is, “non-contextual” (general and related to official practices) and “contextual” (specific and related to informal assumptions) – help us understand this variation and the ways of conceptualizing talent. HR managers are only partly shaped by the particularities of the public sector context, and some of the talent philosophies held by HR managers do not align with the existing and official talent management practices.
Relationships Between University Students’ Gender and Physical Activity (PA) and Their Exercise Self-Schemas, Processing of PA-Related Information, and PA Decision-Making
Authors: Park In Kyoung , Kim Youngho 
Published: December 2021

In the current study, we investigated the effects of gender and regular physical activity (PA) on PA decision-making and speed of information processing. We enrolled 110 university students ( Mage = 20.91, SD =2.28 years) in an experiment involving two tasks and a questionnaire. One of the two tasks assessed how much participants agreed with presented PA words and phrases and the other task predicted behavior and responses to future situations. We collected and measured the participants’ choices and the time they took to make them. The questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), consisted of exercise self-schema and PA questions. We conducted a 2 (gender: male or female) ×2 (regular PA or not) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and found statistically significant differences between variables as a function of participants’ gender (λ = .66, p < .001) and regular PA engagement (λ = .51, p < .001). In a regression analysis, we also found gender differences [males showed relationships between agreement with PA information and information processing speed for decisions on future behavior ( R 2 = .31, F = 12.50); females showed relationships between their exercise self-schema ( R 2 = .26, F = 18.18) and regular PA such that, in the non-regular PA group, exercise self-schema was related to reaction time in making decisions on future behavior ( R 2 = .29, F = 11.23), and in the regular PA group, agreement with PA information was related to reaction time for PA-related words, and agreement with non-PA information ( R 2 = .29, F = 8.91)]. These results highlight the need to consider participant characteristics when designing exercise interventions, and we present supplementary data regarding exercise self-schemas, decision-making, and the speed of processing PA information.
Objective findings in patients with multi-canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors: Zhu Yanhan , He Xiaoming , Hu Mei , Mao Chun , Liu Zheng , Yang Xu , Yang Jing , Chang Liying 
Published: December 2021

Objective The study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with multi-canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (MC-BPPV). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 927 patients with BPPV who were admitted to our hospital between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019. The clinical data of all patients were collected. The Dix-Hallpike, straight head-hanging, and supine Roll tests were performed in all patients. The nystagmus was recorded using videonystagmography. The clinical characteristics of patients with MC-BPPV and single canal BPPV (SC-BPPV) was analyzed and compared. Results Among 927 patients included, 49 (5.29%) patients had MC-BPPV, 878 (94.71%) patients had SC-BPPV. There were significant differences in the male to female ratio (1:3.90 vs 1:1.81, P < .05), mean age (62.47±12.51 vs 59.04±13.72, P < .05), as well as the ratio of cupulolithiasis to canalithiasis (1:1.45 vs 1:4.78, P < .01) between patients with MC-BPPV and SC-BPPV. The frequency of involvement of PC, HC, and AC were involved for 66 (67.35%), 23 (23.47%), and 9 (9.18%) times, respectively, in patients with MC-BPPV, which were involved in 581 (66.17%), 281 (32.0%), and 16 (1.82%) patients, respectively, in patients with SC-BPPV. No significant difference was found in the frequency of involvement of PC and HC between patients with MC-BPPV and SC-BPPV, while there was significant difference in the frequency of AC involvement between 2 groups ( P < .01). Ipsilateral PC-HC-BPPV (n = 18) and bilateral PC-BPPV (n=19) were the most common among patients with MC-BPPV. Twenty-six (53.06%) patients had ipsilateral MC-BPPV, 23 (46.94%) had bilateral MC-BPPV. Of the 26 patients with ipsilateral MC-BPPV, 7 patients combined with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder. Conclusion Patients with MC-BPPV had a significantly older mean age at disease onset and a higher proportion of females compared with patients with SC-BPPV. Cupulolithiasis was more common in MC-BPPV. AC involvement was also much more common in MC-BPPV than in SC-BPPV.