bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OPTIMALISASI TEKNIK ISOLASI DAN PURIFIKASI DNA MENGGUNAKAN BUFFER CTAB (CETYLTRIMETHYL AMMONIUM BROMIDE) PADA TANAMAN MARKISA (Passiflora sp.) DATARAN RENDAH KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Farhanah A. , Ashar Jabal R. , Hamzah P. 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan prosedur metode CTAB dan metode purifikasi DNA yang tepat untuk menghasilkan kuantitas dan kualitas DNA yang baik yang berasal dari tanaman markisa dataran rendah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua tempat, yaitu kabupaten Jeneponto untuk pengambilan sampel tanaman markisa dan untuk pengisolasian dan pengujian DNA dilakukan di Laboratorium Biosains dan Sumber Daya Hayati Tanaman Program Studi Agroteknologi Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan September 2013 hingga Desember 2013. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam enam metode isolasi DNA dengan menggunakan larutan CTAB, pengujian kualitas serta kuantitas DNA, pemurnian (purifikasi) DNA pada hasil isolasi terbaik, dan pengujian kualitas serta kuantitas pada hasil pemurnian. Berdasarkan uji kualitas dan kuantitas, berat sampel sebesar 0,200 g, suhu inkubasi hasil ekstraksi pada suhu 65oC selama 30 menit, dan kecepatan sentrifugasi sebesar 12.000 rpm selama 10 menit dapat menghasilkan DNA yang memiliki kemurnian yang cukup baik dan tampak pita DNA yang cukup tebal berkisar 1500 – 5000 kb setelah hasil isolasi DNA dielektroforesis. Sedangkan pemurnian kembali menggunakan kloroform : isoamylalkohol, isopropanol, dan ethanol 70% menunjukkan kualitas dan kuantitas DNA yang baik.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PESTISIDA NABATI DAUN PEPAYA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA TERUNG
Authors: Vandalisna Vandalisna , Mulyono Sugeng , Putra Budi 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat adopsi petani tentang penggunaan pestisida nabati daun pepaya untuk pengendalian hama pada tanaman terung dan menganalisis perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan petani dalam membuat dan mengaplikasikan pestisida nabati daun pepaya sebagai pestisida alternatif terhadap pengendalian hama tanaman terung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelompok Wanita Tani Bunga Tulip Kelurahan Bontoramba Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Berlangsung dari Bulan Februari sampai Juni 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah demonstrasi plot dan metode survei. Metode demonstrasi plot dengan menggunakan dua perlakuan yaitu perlakuan 0,25 ml pestisida anorganik/liter air, yang digunakan = 800 ml (P1) dan 20 ml pestisida nabati daun pepaya/liter air, yang digunakan = 800 ml (P2). Aplikasi pestisida nabati daun papaya pada tanaman terung dapat mengendalikan hama tanaman terung secara efektif dengan dosis 20 ml/liter air, menekan intensitas serangan hama tanaman terung hasil perlakuan terbaik yaitu pestisida nabati daun pepaya (P2) dengan hasil berbeda nyata 0,76 % sedangkan pestisida anorganik (P1) 1,71%. Hal demikian karena pestisida nabati daun pepaya memiliki bahan aktif papain baik secara langsung maupun secara sistemik dapat mengurangi aktivitas hama dan bahkan hama akan mati. Sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dilaksanakan evaluasi untuk mengetahui sejauhmana tingkat adopsi terhadap pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan petani tentang penerapan teknologi pestisida nabati daun pepaya untuk pengendalian hama terung. Hasil evaluasi penyuluhan menunjukan respons petani terhadap pestisida nabati daun pepaya pada tanaman terung menunjukan peningkatkan pengetahuan 32,8%, sikap 33,7% dan keterampilan 33,5%. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan dinyatakan 69,7% berada pada kategori Efektif.
The formation of a system of Cossack and mountain forest services in the territory of modern Karachay-Cherkessia in the pre-revolutionary period
Authors: Карабашева Диана Аликовна 
Published: November 2021

В статье освещается один из важных аспектов экономической истории, связанный с отраслью лесного хозяйства на территории современной Карачаево-Черкесской республики. Хищническая эксплуатация лесных богатств региона во второй половине XIX в. со стороны местного горского и казачьего населения детерминировала государственное и общественное вмешательство в данную сферу, главной целью которого было не только желание предотвратить экологическую катастрофу и упорядочить пользование лесами, но и учесть потребности населения, сохранить рентабельность лесного хозяйства. В центре внимания автора находятся аспекты, относящиеся к возникновению системы войсковых и общественных лесничеств в имперский период. Рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с финансовой деятельностью данных структур, отмечается динамика их расходов и доходов, указывается штатный состав лесничеств, акцентируется внимание на проблемах кадрового состава и существовании коррупционных схем. Данная работа впервые освещает возникновение в нагорной части Верхней Кубани природоохранных структур, их правовые виды, комплекс их функций (административных, защитных, надзорных, технических, хозяйственных и др.), нормативную основу, содержание и ареал их деятельности. Автор отмечает основные проблемы отрасли, характер и динамику освоения лесных ресурсов региона, эффективность деятельности службы охраны лесов.
The article highlights one of the important aspects of economic history related to the forestry industry in the territory of the modern Karachay-Cherkess Republic. The predatory exploitation of the region's forest wealth in the second half of the 19th century on the part of the local mountain and Cossack population determined state and public intervention in this area. Its main goal was not only the desire to prevent an environmental disaster and streamline the use of forests, but also to take into account the needs of the population, to preserve the profitability of forestry. The author focuses on aspects related to the emergence of a system of military and public forest services during the imperial period. The paper deals with the issues related to the financial activities of these structures, the dynamics of their expenses and income, the staff of forest services, attention is focused on the problems of personnel composition and the existence of corruption schemes. This work for the first time highlights the emergence of environmental protection structures in the upland part of the Upper Kuban, their legal types, the complex of their functions (administrative, protective, supervisory, technical, economical etc.), the normative basis, content and range of their activities. The author notes the main problems of the industry, the nature and dynamics of the development of forest resources in the region, the effectiveness of the forest protection service.
How does the viability of bone-restricted osteocytes regulate bone atrophy?
Authors: Bozec Aline , Andreev Darja , Alexander Friedrich 
Published: November 2021

How does the viability of bone-restricted osteocytes regulate bone atrophy?
Osteocyte death is amplified in many bone diseases and is ubiquitous upon ageing. To date, the impact of osteocyte death on pathological bone loss is poorly studied due to the remote location of osteocytes. Within the ERC Starting Grant project “Unknown functions of Osteocyte DEath (ODE)” we will make use of new imaging and omics technologies to unravel this question.
Spectrally resolved outgoing longwave radiation and its applications for the study of climate
Authors: Whitburn Simon 
Published: November 2021

Spectrally resolved outgoing longwave radiation and its applications for the study of climate
The ERC advanced “IASI-FT” project exploits the space-based instantaneous spectrally resolved observations provided by the family of IASI thermal infrared instruments to (1) monitor atmospheric composition changes and (2) establish climate records. More than 3.5 million of data are available each day, from which near-real-time information on the atmospheric state can be inferred.
Conflictos interétnicos en el Caribe Insular Colombiano
Authors: Valencia Inge Helena 
Published: November 2021

En el archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, ubicado en el corazón del Caribe occidental, se encuentran, en un pequeño territorio insular de cincuenta kilómetros cuadrados, el mundo anglófono con el hispanófono, y el católico con el protestante. El multiculturalismo etnizado propuesto por la Constitución Política de 1991 en Colombia permitió que la población nativa del archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, la isleña-raizal, recibiera el reconocimiento jurídico como grupo étnico. Esto generó que dicho lugar se rigiera por normas especiales respecto al control de la migración y la economía, además de significar un avance alrededor del otorgamiento de derechos para esta población, hecho que profundizó el conflicto existente entre los pobladores raizales nativos y aquellos emigrados provenientes del Caribe continental colombiano. El presente artículo pretende dar a conocer cómo la implementación de políticas multiculturalistas ha fracturado el proceso de convivencia histórico entre ambas poblaciones.Palabras Clave: Multiculturalismo, Etnicidad, Conflicto social, Relaciones interétnicas, Caribe insular colombiano, Isleños-raizales, Pañas-continentales, Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. ABSTRACTINTER-ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN THE COLOMBIAN INSULAR CARIBBEAN In the San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina Archipelago, located at the heart of the western Caribbean, in a small, 50 square kilometer insular territory, the Anglophone world meets the Spanish speaking, and the Catholic world meets the Protestant. The ethnicized multiculturalism proposed by the Political Constitution of 1991in Colombia allowed the native population of San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina, the Raizal-islander, to be legally recognized as an ethnic group. As a result, this place started to be governed by special norms regarding the migration and economy control, something which deepened the existing conflict between local Raizals and those from the Colombian Continental Caribbean. This article sets out to disclose how implementing multiculturalist polices have disrupted the historical process of coexistence between both communities.Key Words: Multiculturalism, Ethnicity, Social conflict, Interethnic relations, Colombian insular Caribbean, Raizal-islanders, Continental settlers (pañas), San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina Archipelago.
Entre leyes, mingas e historia oral
Authors: López Cortés Oscar Andrés , Rojas Curieux Tulio 
Published: November 2021

Este capítulo expone las tensiones generadas entre diferentes corrientes políticas presentes en el pueblo de los pastos que habitan en Cumbal (Nariño). Las tensiones se explican a partir de los efectos generados por el multiculturalismo en el contexto de un pueblo indígena del suroccidente colombiano durante la etapa de consolidación de su autonomía política. Mediante la recolección de diferentes voces, se presentan las tensiones y se propone una deriva a las mismas que tiene lugar en las prácticas de la minga y la historia oral.Palabras Clave: Cumba, Nariño, Historia oral, Minga, Ley, Indígenas ABSTRACTBETWEEN LAWS, MINGAS AND ORAL HISTORYThis chapter exposes the emerging tensions among political tendencies within Pasto people. The tensions could be explained from the consequences promoted by the multiculturalism present in the indigenous people context neighboring in the Colombian southwest during the consolidation age of its political autonomy. Through the recollection of several voices, we present the tensions and propose an escape from them that happen in the practices of minga and oral history.Key Words: Cumba, Nariño, Oral history, Minga, Law, Indigenous people
Tre personaggi in cerca di autore: il Mimiambo 3 di Eronda e la critica letteraria nel Giambo 2 di Callimaco
Authors: Piacenza Nicola 
Published: November 2021

The first part of the article offers a metapoetic interpretation of Herondas’ Mimiamb 3, suggesting that the Hellenistic poet describes Cottalos and his passion for dice with allusion to Alexander Aetolus that wrote Astragalistai. In the second part, starting from some touch points between Mimiamb 3 and Calliamchus’ Iambus 2 (in particular the presence of three mysterious characters with similar names), the author gives some evidence for the identification of that characters with three poets who lived at that time and had undoubted contacts both with Alexander Aetolus and Callimachus: they are Antagoras of Rhodes, Philicus of Corcyra and Timon of Phlius.
L’articolo offre nella prima parte un’interpretazione metapoetica del Mimiambo 3 di Eronda, suggerendo che il poeta ellenistico descriva Cottalo e la sua passione per i dadi con allusione ad Alessandro Etolo che scrisse gli Astragalistai. Nella seconda parte, prendendo le mosse da alcuni punti in comune tra il Mimiambo 3 ed il Giambo 2 di Callimaco (in particolare la presenza di tre misteriosi personaggi con nomi simili), vengono fornite alcune prove per l’identificazione di tali personaggi con tre poeti che vissero in quel periodo ed ebbero sicuri contatti sia con Alessandro Etolo che con Callimaco: si tratta di Antagora di Rodi, Filisco di Corcira e Timone di Fliunte.
Génesis y destino de dos manuscritos de Platón: de Bizancio al Escorial a través de la Biblioteca Vaticana
Authors: Martínez Manzano Teresa 
Published: November 2021

Utilizando datos de orden textual, paleográfico, codicológico e histórico se examina en primer lugar la historia del manuscrito platónico Escur. Ψ I 1 desde su confección en Corfú a cargo de Demetrio Triboles en 1461-1462 hasta su adquisición por parte de Antonio Agustín a mediados del s. XVI. Tras analizar las fuentes textuales del códice y la dinámica de la copia, se concluye, a través del examen de los inventarios de la Biblioteca Vaticana, que el manuscrito formó parte de los fondos de esa biblioteca hasta el Saco de Roma de 1527. Se demuestra asimismo que otro códice platónico conservado en El Escorial, Escur. y I 13, procede también de la Biblioteca Vaticana, de donde desapareció igualmente con motivo del Saco antes de ser adquirido por Juan Páez de Castro. Se intenta además demostrar que tanto el Escur. Ψ I 1 como el Escur. y I 13 formaban parte de los fondos de la Vaticana ya desde 1475.
Basing on textual, palaeographic, codicological and historic evidence, this paper firstly examines the history of the Platonic manuscript Escur. Ψ I 1 since its making in Corfu by Demetrios Triboles in 1461-62 till its purchase by Antonio Agustín in the middle of the 16th century. The textual sources of this codex and the copying process are also analysed. The conclusion reached through the examination of inventories in the Vatican Library is that the manuscript belonged to that library till the Sack of Rome in 1527. Secondly, this paper proves that another Platonic codex kept in El Escorial, Escur. y I 13, comes as well from the Vatican Library, from where it disappeared on the occasion of the Sack, and was later purchased by Juan Páez de Castro. Additionally, an attempt is made to prove that both Escur. Ψ I 1 and Escur. y I 13 belonged to the Vatican Library as early as 1475.
Characteristics of solar radiation at Xiaotang, in the northern marginal zone of the Taklimakan Desert
Authors: Jin Lili , Zhou Sasa , He Qing , Abbas Alim 
Published: November 2021

The characteristics of solar radiation and the influence of sand and dust on solar radiation in the northern margin of Taklimakan Desert were analyzed using radiation observation data from 2018. The results showed that the annual total radiation, direct radiation, and scattered radiation at Xiaotang were 5,781.8, 2,337.9, and 3,323.8 MJ m−2, respectively. The maximum monthly total radiation, direct radiation, and scattered radiation were observed in July (679.8 MJ m−2), August (317.3 MJ m−2), and May (455.7 MJ m−2), respectively. The aerosol optical depth corresponded well with the scattered radiation, and the maximum value was in May. Further analysis showed a significant correlation between the total radiation and solar height angle under different weather conditions. Under the same solar height angle, total radiation was higher during clear days but lower on sandstorm days. Calculation of atmospheric transmittance showed that the average atmospheric transmittance on a clear day was 0.67; on sand-and-dust days, it was 0.46. When the atmospheric transmittance was 0.5, the increase in scattering radiation by aerosol in the air began to decrease. Probability analysis of radiation indicated the following probabilities of total radiation <500 W m−2occurring on clear, floating-dust, blowing-sand, and sandstorm days: 67.1%, 76.3%, 76.1%, and 91.8%, respectively. Dust had the greatest influence on direct radiation; the probabilities of direct radiation <200 W m−2occurring on clear, floating-dust, blowing-sand, and sandstorm days were 44.5%, 93.5%, 91.3%, and 100%, respectively, whereas those of scattered radiation <600 W m−2were 100%, 99.1%, 98.1%, and 100%, respectively. Therefore, the presence of dust in the air will reduce scattered radiation.
Treatment with sodium (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate prevents liver injury in an ischemia-reperfusion model in female Wistar rats
Authors: Cienfuegos-Pecina Eduardo , Moreno-Peña Diana P. , Torres-González Liliana , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Diana Raquel , Garza-Villarreal Diana , Mendoza-Hernández Oscar H. , Flores-Cantú Raul Alejandro , Samaniego Sáenz Brenda Alejandra , Alarcon-Galvan Gabriela , Muñoz-Espinosa Linda E. , Ibarra-Rivera Tannya R. , Saucedo Alma L. , Cordero-Pérez Paula 
Published: November 2021

Background
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the leading causes of early graft dysfunction in liver transplantation. Techniques such as ischemic preconditioning protect the graft through the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), which are downregulated by the EGLN family of prolyl-4-hydroxylases, a potential biological target for the development of strategies based on pharmacological preconditioning. For that reason, this study aims to evaluate the effect of the EGLN inhibitor sodium (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate [(S)-2HG] on liver IR injury in Wistar rats.

Methods
Twenty-eight female Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: sham (SH, n = 7), non-toxicity (HGTox, n = 7, 25 mg/kg of (S)-2HG, twice per day for two days), IR (n = 7, total liver ischemia: 20 minutes, reperfusion: 60 minutes), and (S)-2HG+IR (HGIR, n = 7, 25 mg/kg of (S)-2HG, twice per day for two days, total liver ischemia as the IR group). Serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, glucose, and total bilirubin were assessed. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were measured in liver tissue, as well as the expression of Hmox1, Vegfa, and Pdk1, determined by RT-qPCR. Sections of liver tissue were evaluated histologically, assessing the severity of necrosis, sinusoidal congestion, and cytoplasmatic vacuolization.

Results
The administration of (S)-2HG did not cause any alteration in the assessed biochemical markers compared to SH. Preconditioning with (S)-2HG significantly ameliorated IR injury in the HGIR group, decreasing the serum activities of ALT, AST, and LDH, and the tissue concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 compared to the IR group. IR injury decreased serum glucose compared to SH. There were no differences in the other biomarkers assessed. The treatment with (S)-2HG tended to decrease the severity of hepatocyte necrosis and sinusoidal congestion compared to the IR group. The administration of (S)-2HG did not affect the expression of Hmox1 but decreased the expression of both Vegfa and Pdk1 compared to the SH group, suggesting that the HIF-1 pathway is not involved in its mechanism of hepatoprotection. In conclusion, (S)-2HG showed a hepatoprotective effect, decreasing the levels of liver injury and inflammation biomarkers, without evidence of the involvement of the HIF-1 pathway. No hepatotoxic effect was observed at the tested dose.
The Awareness and Attitudes of the Public toward Complementary and Alternative Treatments
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Albassam Ahmed A. , Alonazi Mshari , Abdel-Kader Maged S. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is flourishing very fast and the usage of CAM in health care is quickly evolving. The behavior and attitude of the patients towards herbal medicines represents an important concern for policy makers and for regulators.
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of natural products use among the public and the Attitudes towards natural health products in Al-kharj
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study design. A questionnaire was prepared using Google drive tool and used to evaluate the pattern of natural products use among the public and the attitudes towards natural health products in Al-kharj governorate. The survey was filled by 442 participants.
Results: Most respondents used a natural health product in the past (only 319 of 442 have been used natural product), the most used products were Vitamins/Minerals (85.57%). Additionally, about 50 % of the respondents agreed that the natural health products are safe because they are made from natural ingredients. The majority of the respondents reported that there isn't enough information on natural health product labels to help them understand the Products. The majority reported that the family and friends were recommended and provided them with the information regarding the use of the natural health product (71.78%).
Conclusion: The present study showed that the use of herbal medicine is a common practice. The legislation is recommended to arrange the using of natural health products. The study results would surely require an active role for the Ministry of Health and Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) to insure enough information regard the risks and benefits of NHPs.
Prevalence of Endocrine Abnormalities in Adolescent Girls with Menstrual Disorders in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai
Authors: Shanmuganathan Shiva , Rajalekshmi M. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To identify endocrine abnormalities such as hyperandrogensim, thyroid disorders, and hyperprolactinemia in adolescents with menstrual disorders.
Methods: This was a case–control study carried out in adolescent girls aged 10–19 years in the gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. The participants’ demographic details, medical, surgical, family, and personal history was obtained. Data of hormonal evaluation, namely serum T3, T4, TSH, serum prolactin and serum testosterone was also collected.
Results: The most common menstrual abnormality was oligomenorrhea at 66% followed by menorrhagia at 10%. Primary amenorrhea was seen in 8% cases, metrorrhagia was seen in 4% and polymenorrhea in 4% of cases. Secondary amenorrhea and hypomenorrhea were both seen in 2% of cases. 10% adolescents with menstrual abnormalities had biochemical hyperandrogenism. Only 2% had hyperandrogenism in the control group. Thyroid dysfunction was more prevalent in the adolescents with menstrual disorders (14%) when compared to controls (4%). Among those with oligomenorrhea, only in one case was serum prolactin raised (3.0%).
Conclusion: Immaturity of hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis is considered to be the most common cause of menstrual irregularities in adolescent girls, but endocrine abnormalities may be responsible in some cases. Therefore it is paramount to examine the prevalence endocrine abnormalities among among adolescents with menstrual problems to promote their quality of life, lower her risks for future disease, and ill health.