bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality metrics in cervical cytopathology: A single institutional study
Authors: Senthil Kumar Dheepa , Ravikumar Gayatri 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesImplementation of quality control measures ensures acceptable performance by a laboratory. This study aims to assess the quality of cervical cytopathology reporting using quality metrics like atypical squamous cells (which include both atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and atypical squamous cell ‐cannot rule out high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion)/squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC/SIL), cytohistological correlation (CHC) and positive predictive value (PPV) of Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for squamous lesions of cervix.MethodsA retrospective study of Pap smears from 2015 to 2020 was performed. The quality metrics analysed include diagnoses of ASCUS, ASC‐H and ASCUS/SIL ratio, CHC and PPV. Cases with cervical biopsies/hysterectomy were included for CHC, and discrepancy was defined as discordance in diagnostic category between cytology and histology in the CHC.ResultsA total of 22,695 cervical cytology smears were reported. Unsatisfactory smears (n = 290) were excluded. Squamous lesions were reported in 233 smears, and the Bethesda system of nomenclature was followed. A definitive diagnosis (SILs and SCC) was given in 74% of cases. ASCUS and ASC‐H were reported in 47 and 14 cases, respectively. The most common lesion on Pap smear was high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL; n = 92), followed by low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL; n = 64), and two were ungradable SIL. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was reported in 14 smears. The ASC/SIL ratio was 0.38. CHC (n = 139) was 100% for ASC‐H, LSIL, SCC and 84.7% for HSIL. A review of discrepant cases suggested sampling and interpretational discrepancy in five and one cases, respectively. The PPV of Pap smear for squamous lesions was 96.4%.ConclusionIt is essential to have good quality cytopathology reports for early identification, which enables appropriate management. The most commonly used quality indicator for cytopathology is the ASCUS/SIL ratio. This study suggests the inclusion of the CHC and PPV values as quality metrics for Pap smear, since these are easily measurable and serve as a good indicator of quality in cervical cytopathology reporting.
Life history strategies differentiate established from failed non‐native freshwater fish in peninsular Florida
Authors: Lawson Katelyn M. , Hill Jeffrey E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimNon‐native fishes threaten native biodiversity worldwide. Life history traits have been used to predict the risk of establishment for non‐native fish in several regions of the world and parts of the United States, but not yet for Florida despite the elevated risk of establishment in the state due to many invasion pathways and favourable climate. Our goal was to identify which life history traits may be useful for predicting which non‐native freshwater fishes might successfully establish populations in Peninsular Florida.LocationPeninsular Florida, USA.MethodsWe conducted a factor analysis to evaluate 21 life history traits for 125 fishes in three different groups: native fishes, non‐native fish species currently established in Florida and introduced fishes that failed to establish in Florida. We also modelled overall life history traits of those fishes according to the triangular model by Winemiller and Rose to compare overall strategies among the three different groups and tested for significant trait differences between failed and established fishes.ResultsOur analyses of life history traits showed that successful species have a high investment in their offspring and tend to be larger bodied. Parental care was particularly important, with only one of the established species lacking parental care. Triangular life history model results showed that most successfully established species such as those in the family Cichlidae are equilibrium strategists with a high degree of parental care, low‐to‐intermediate fecundity and a larger maturation size.Main conclusionsUnderstanding the life history strategies and traits that aid in the prediction of non‐native fish invasiveness is key for effective risk assessment and management. Further analysis of these traits as predictors of establishment and invasion success is needed, and regional risk assessments of non‐native fishes will benefit from inclusion of several traits highlighted in this study.
The diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c, compared to the oral glucose tolerance test, for screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chivese Tawanda , Hirst Jennifer , Matizanadzo Joshua T. , Custodio Michael , Farmer Andrew , Norris Shane , Levitt Naomi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), compared to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), in screening for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Africa.MethodsWe systematically searched databases for studies that compared the HbA1c to either the OGTT, or the FPG for T2D diagnosis were included. The QUADAS 2 tool was used for assessing the quality of included studies. We used the split component synthesis (SCS) method for the meta‐analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies to pool the studies for meta‐analysis of sensitivity and specificity, primarily at the HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) cut‐off and at other cut‐offs. We assessed heterogeneity using the I2 statistic and publication bias using Doi plots.ResultsEleven studies, from seven African countries, with 12,925 participants, were included. Against the OGTT, HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) had a pooled sensitivity of 57.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.4–70.9) and specificity of 92.3% (95% CI 83.9–96.5). Against the FPG, HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) had a pooled sensitivity of 64.5% (95% CI 50.5–76.4) and specificity of 94.3% (95% CI 87.9–97.5). The highest sensitivity for HbA1c, against the OGTT, was at the 42 mmol/mol (6.0%) cut‐off.ConclusionIn Africa, the HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) cut‐off may miss almost half of the individuals with T2D based on blood glucose measures.
A newborn with aortico‐left ventricular tunnel mimicking sinus of valsalva aneurysm
Authors: Akbay Şenay , Ekici Filiz , Kardelen Fırat , Bulut Muhammet , Mutlu Zeynep Çağla , Arslan Gökhan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAortico‐left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly and constitutes less than 0.1% of all congenital cardiac defects (1). ALVT is described as an abnormal connection between the ascending aorta and the left ventricle which originates commonly above the right sinus of valsalva. Most patients are diagnosed with an ALVT during early infancy (2). Although transthoracic echocardiography (TTEAQ5) is more effective in diagnosis of ALVT, misdiagnosis rate was 17.1% (3). Sinus of valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is frequently confused with ALVT (3). We report a term female newborn with SVA in echocardiographic examination, but in surgery, she was diagnosed with ALVT.
Combination of two monoclonal antibodies with SOCS1 N‐ and C‐terminal binding sites to address SOCS1 status in B cells and B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Weissinger Stephanie E. , Zahn Malena , Marienfeld Ralf , Tessmer Claudia , Moldenhauer Gerhard , Möller Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionAccumulating studies show that the tumour suppressor SOCS1 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in lymphomas, often affecting the coding sequence of SOCS1 protein. Depending on the type of mutation and lymphoma concerned, SOCS1 mutations have different impacts on progression‐free and overall survival. Two antibodies binding the N and C terminals of SOCS1 would be a suitable ‘test pair’ to identify truncated versions of SOCS1. We, therefore, compared the C‐terminal antibody 424C with the N‐terminal antibody 4H1.Materials and methodsAs 424C has already been characterised, we performed a comparative analysis of anti‐SOCS1 antibody 4H1 using immunohistochemistry on human tonsil tissue and chamber slides, immunoblots on SOCS1 wildtype and mutated transfected HEK293T cells and lymphoma cell lines and cross‐reactivity analysis and epitope mapping with protein microarrays.ResultsCompared with 424C, anti‐SOCS1 antibody 4H1 showed various cross‐reactions with other proteins resulting in a ‘pancellular’ immunohistochemical staining pattern in FFPE lymphoid tissue. Like 424C, 4H1 identified SOCS1 wildtype and SOCS1 mutations in immunoblot experiments but also bound an unknown protein with high intensity.ConclusionAnti‐SOCS1 antibody 4H1 may be useful in a molecular setting but is disqualified as an immunohistochemical diagnostic tool due to its very broad non‐specific binding.
A global agenda for advancing freshwater biodiversity research
Authors: Maasri Alain , Jähnig Sonja C. , Adamescu Mihai C. , Adrian Rita , Baigun Claudio , Baird Donald J. , Batista‐Morales Angelica , Bonada Núria , Brown Lee E. , Cai Qinghua , Campos‐Silva Joao V. , Clausnitzer Viola , Contreras‐MacBeath Topiltzin , Cooke Steven J. , Datry Thibault , Delacámara Gonzalo , De Meester Luc , Dijkstra Klaus‐Douwe B. , Do Van Tu , Domisch Sami , Dudgeon David , Erös Tibor , Freitag Hendrik , Freyhof Joerg , Friedrich Jana , Friedrichs‐Manthey Martin , Geist Juergen , Gessner Mark O. , Goethals Peter , Gollock Matthew , Gordon Christopher , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Gulemvuga Georges , Gutiérrez‐Fonseca Pablo E. , Haase Peter , Hering Daniel , Hahn Hans Jürgen , Hawkins Charles P. , He Fengzhi , Heino Jani , Hermoso Virgilio , Hogan Zeb , Hölker Franz , Jeschke Jonathan M. , Jiang Meilan , Johnson Richard K. , Kalinkat Gregor , Karimov Bakhtiyor K. , Kasangaki Aventino , Kimirei Ismael A. , Kohlmann Bert , Kuemmerlen Mathias , Kuiper Jan J. , Kupilas Benjamin , Langhans Simone D. , Lansdown Richard , Leese Florian , Magbanua Francis S. , Matsuzaki Shin‐ichiro S. , Monaghan Michael T. , Mumladze Levan , Muzon Javier , Mvogo Ndongo Pierre A. , Nejstgaard Jens C. , Nikitina Oxana , Ochs Clifford , Odume Oghenekaro Nelson , Opperman Jeffrey J. , Patricio Harmony , Pauls Steffen U. , Raghavan Rajeev , Ramírez Alonso , Rashni Bindiya , Ross‐Gillespie Vere , Samways Michael J. , Schäfer Ralf B. , Schmidt‐Kloiber Astrid , Seehausen Ole , Shah Deep Narayan , Sharma Subodh , Soininen Janne , Sommerwerk Nike , Stockwell Jason D. , Suhling Frank , Tachamo Shah Ram Devi , Tharme Rebecca E. , Thorp James H. , Tickner David , Tockner Klement , Tonkin Jonathan D. , Valle Mireia , Vitule Jean , Volk Martin , Wang Ding , Wolter Christian , Worischka Susanne 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGlobal freshwater biodiversity is declining dramatically, and meeting the challenges of this crisis requires bold goals and the mobilisation of substantial resources. While the reasons are varied, investments in both research and conservation of freshwater biodiversity lag far behind those in the terrestrial and marine realms. Inspired by a global consultation, we identify 15 pressing priority needs, grouped into five research areas, in an effort to support informed stewardship of freshwater biodiversity. The proposed agenda aims to advance freshwater biodiversity research globally as a critical step in improving coordinated actions towards its sustainable management and conservation.
Algorithm improvement of neural network in endoscopic image recognition of upper digestive tract system
Authors: Lu Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe development of effective gastrointestinal diseases computer‐aided diagnosis tools and automatic image quality assessment algorithms is very important to improve the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment. In order to further study the application of neural network algorithm in the endoscopic image of upper digestive tract, improve the efficiency of neural network algorithm in the field of endoscopic image. In this study, neural network algorithms were used to identify endoscopic images of the upper digestive tract. 1335 cases with upper gastrointestinal endoscopic images were collected. After the data was enlarged, it was randomly divided into training set and test set according to the proportion, and the obtained training set was input. After convolutional neural network training, an algorithm model was established in the institute. 1653 test set data samples were input into the neural network to verify the accuracy. Finally, the accuracy of the neural root network model constructed in this study reached 0.0942. Through horizontal comparison, it can be concluded that the neural network model proposed in this study not only has a higher accuracy rate, but also is better than the current existing related neural network algorithms. Based on the above experimental verification, it can be concluded that the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic image recognition algorithm based on neural network proposed in this study can more accurately and effectively identify the lesions in the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic images.
“We Don’t Talk About That”: Exploring Money Conversations of Black, Hispanic, and White Households
Authors: White Kenneth J. , McCoy Megan , Watkins Kimberly , Chen XianYan , Koposko Janet , Mizuta Matthew 
Published: December 2021

Communication around finances is essential to relational satisfaction and the acquisition of financial skills. Nevertheless, people avoid financial discussions. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (n = 8,006), this study explored how race/ethnicity relates to financial discussions through the lens of capital theory. Findings show that Black and Hispanic households had the lowest rates of financial discussions. When discussions did occur, the odds of them happening were higher with friends and lower with spouses/partners or family. Family and consumer science professionals can use the results to encourage financial communication in multiple types of relationships and households.
Cyanobacterial bloom associated with a complete turnover of a Daphnia population in a warm‐temperate eutrophic lake in Eastern China
Authors: Ma Xiaolin , Deng Zhixiong , Blair David , Bi Yonghong , Hu Wei , Yin Mingbo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

The effect of cyanobacterial blooms on aquatic ecosystems has received wide attention, yet little is known about their impacts on zooplankton genetic structure.

For 26 months (April 2012–May 2014), we monitored zooplankton in a warm‐temperate ice‐free lake in Eastern China, with an emphasis on seasonal population dynamics of the cladoceran, Daphnia galeata. There was a seasonal succession in the zooplanktonic community (composed of Cladocera, Copepoda, and Rotifera).

Genetic analysis (based on 14 microsatellite loci) of the 21 monthly samples in which D. galeata was present demonstrated that several clones could successfully overwinter and/or persist for many months. However, all clones, including these long‐lived clones, were completely replaced by new ones after October 2013, probably due to cyanobacteria blooms in that summer. A high clonal richness coupled with high turnover rate was observed in the D. galeata population overall, suggesting frequent sexual reproduction.

Daphnia galeata experimentally fed with a diet of Microcystis aeruginosa (the most abundant toxic cyanobacterial species in the lake) had a substantially reduced survivorship, consistent with the field observations.

Our findings highlight the changes of zooplanktonic population dynamics in terms of both community and clonal structure in a warm‐temperate ice‐free lake, and call for further investigation on ecological responses of zooplankton to cyanobacterial blooms.
Two birds with one stone: A combined environmental and economic performance assessment of rapeseed‐based biodiesel production
Authors: Yang Xueqing , Liu Yang , Bezama Alberto , Thrän Daniela 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRapeseed is the dominant feedstock for biodiesel production in Germany; however, significant decline in crop yields observed during the 2018 drought in Europe poses economic and environmental risks for its sustained use as a fuel crop. Many Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies were conducted to quantify the potential environmental impacts of biodiesel production; however, only a few studies have considered the spatial and temporal heterogeneities of the studied regions. Furthermore, previous studies have usually only focused on the greenhouse gas (GHG) savings of biodiesel and have ignored the environmental burden and economic profits of biodiesel production. For the first time, we combined the Regional Environmental LCA model with an economic analysis to evaluate both the environmental impact and the economic benefits of biodiesel production in Central Germany (CG). Our results showed that emissions from rapeseed cultivation were the largest contributor to both global and regional environmental impact categories. In our study region, we found that GHG emissions were around 56%–71% lower for rapeseed‐based biodiesel than for fossil fuels. Due to the drought in 2018, we also observed that the regional rapeseed supply could not meet the demand of biodiesel production in CG. An economic analysis of biodiesel production found significant economies of scale effect in the biodiesel industry. In addition, none of the studied biodiesel plants were able to operate at their designed installed capacities without causing indirect land‐use change. Furthermore, the profitability of biodiesel production was closely related to the feedstock cultivation cost. Based on these findings, we concluded that a regionalized LCA model would be able to more accurately evaluate the environmental influence of biodiesel production by taking site‐specific conditions into consideration. We also suggest that potential biodiesel plant operators take the regional biodiesel production density and feedstock cultivation conditions into account when deciding on plant size.
How might diabetes organisations address diabetes‐related stigma? Findings from a deliberative democratic case study
Authors: Pillen Heath , Ward Paul R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study sought to identify how diabetes organisations conceptualize the problem of diabetes‐related stigma and how this shapes the selection of stigma‐reduction interventions.MethodsA qualitative deliberative democratic methodology was used to access an informed dialogue about what should be done by diabetes organisations to address diabetes‐related stigma, drawing from the perspectives of board members, healthcare services staff, and communications and marketing staff from a single state‐wide diabetes organisation in Australia (n = 25).ResultsParticipants navigated the stigma concept along two axes: one that drew attention to either disease attributes or personal moral attributes as the object of stigmatisation, and one that positioned stigma as an individual or structural problem. This shaped the selection of stigma‐reduction interventions, which included interventions to: (i) reduce the prevalence of stigmatized attributes, (ii) correct misunderstandings about diabetes, (iii) modify representations of persons with diabetes, (iii) enhance coping amongst persons with diabetes and (iv) make healthcare more person‐centred and democratic.ConclusionThis study identified several grievances with ‘diabetes‐related stigma’, which are grievances that can be conceptualized and addressed at both individual and structural levels, and involve correcting misinformation about diabetes or challenging and communicating alternative representations of persons living with diabetes.Patient or Public ContributionThe organisation's management and board were consulted throughout all stages of research development, analysis and reporting. The information and vignettes presented to participants drew from illness narratives obtained from earlier research involving adults with type 2 diabetes. Research participants included adults with various diabetes types.
Health‐related quality of life and chronic wound characteristics among patients with chronic wounds treated in primary care: A cross‐sectional study in Singapore
Authors: Zhu Xiaoli , Olsson Maja Magdalena , Bajpai Ram , Järbrink Krister , Tang Wern Ee , Car Josip 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChronic wounds commonly decrease patients' quality of life. Understanding how chronic wounds impact a patient's health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) is important for healthcare service delivery and treatment management. This study explored HRQoL among patients suffering from chronic wounds and investigated associations with patients' socio‐demographics and wound characteristics. Two hundred and thirty‐three patients across six primary care clinics were assessed and responded to a survey that collected information on socio‐demographic, wound characteristics, and HRQoL using the EQ‐5D‐5L instrument. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and generalised linear models. The mean age of patients was 61.2 (SD: 14.6) years; 68.2% were males; and 61.8% were of Chinese origin. Arterial ulcers had the greatest negative impact on HRQoL related to mobility, self‐care, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, and the lowest VAS mean score 62.31 (SD: 28.3; range: 0‐100) indicating the worst health. HRQoL related to mobility was significantly associated with age (β = 0.008, P < .001), non‐Chinese ethnicity (β = 0.25, P = .001), mixed ulcers (β = −0.41, P = .022), atypical hard‐to‐heal wounds (β = −0.38, P = .021), wounds with low (β = 0.24, P = .044) to moderate (β = 0.29, P = .018) exudate level, and a wound duration ≥6 months (β = 0.19, P = .033). The findings can be used to improve healthcare delivery for patients with chronic wound to optimise their HRQoL.
Mutations associated with Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial resistance in the Ecuadorian population
Authors: Zurita Jeannete , Sevillano Gabriela , Paz y Miño Ariane , Zurita-Salinas Camilo , Peñaherrera Vicente , Echeverría Manuel ,   Helicobacter pylori Research Group, Navarrete Hugo , Silva Casares María Ángeles , Orellana Narvaez Ivonne , Yépez Juan Esteban , Zaldumbide Serrano Francisco , Oviedo Valdiviezo César 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
We described the presence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and estimated the prevalence of primary and secondary resistance using molecular detection in gastric biopsies of Ecuadorian patients.

Methods and Results
66.7% (238/357) of the patients demonstrated the presence of HP using CerTest qPCR. Of these, 69.79% (104/149) were without previous HP eradication treatment and 64.42% (134/208) with prior HP eradication treatment. The mutation-associated resistance rate for clarithromycin was 33.64% (primary resistance) and 32.82% (secondary resistance), whereas that in levofloxacin the primary and secondary resistance was 37.38% and 42%, respectively. For tetracycline and rifabutin, primary and secondary resistance was 0%. Primary and secondary resistance for metronidazole and amoxicillin could not be evaluated by genotypic methods (PCR and sequencing).

Conclusions
The analysis of mutations in gyrA, 23S rRNA and 16S rRNA is useful to detect bacterial resistance as a guide for eradication therapy following failure of the first-line regimen.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study carried out in an Ecuadorian population indicates that the resistance of HP to first-line antibiotics is high, which may contribute to the high rates of treatment failure, and other treatment alternatives should be considered.