bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morita Equivalence of Formal Poisson Structures
Authors: Bursztyn Henrique , Ortiz Inocencio , Waldmann Stefan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We extend the notion of Morita equivalence of Poisson manifolds to the setting of formal Poisson structures, that is, formal power series of bivector fields $\pi =\pi _0 + \lambda \pi _1 +\cdots $ satisfying the Poisson integrability condition $[\pi ,\pi ]=0$. Our main result gives a complete description of Morita equivalent formal Poisson structures deforming the zero structure ($\pi _0=0$) in terms of $B$-field transformations, relying on a general study of formal deformations of Poisson morphisms and dual pairs. Combined with previous work on Morita equivalence of star products [ 5], our results link the notions of Morita equivalence in Poisson geometry and noncommutative algebra via deformation quantization.
Exposure to maternal feces in lactation influences piglet enteric microbiota, growth, and survival preweaning
Authors: Nowland Tanya L , Kirkwood Roy N , Plush Kate J , Barton Mary D , Torok Valeria A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is known that gilt progeny performance is reduced compared with sow progeny. Previous research suggests that the presence of maternal feces in early life improves the health and survival of offspring. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether contact with feces from multiparous (MP) sows would improve the growth and survival of piglets born and reared on primiparous (P1) sows and if so, whether these differences are associated with the gut microbiota. Four treatments were applied for 10 days: Donor (n = 29) piglets had limited access to maternal feces as, each morning, sow feces were removed and placed in the crate of a P1 sow (P1-FT; n = 30 piglets) and P1-Con (n = 29) and MP-Con (n = 33) piglets had access to their own mothers’ feces. All piglets were weighed on days 1, 3, 10, and 18. Fecal samples were collected from a subset of sows (n = 10/treatment) 3 days post farrow and from two female piglets/litter on days 10 and 18 (n = 20/treatment) and subject to 16S rRNA amplicon analysis. Escherichia, Clostridium, Campylobacter, and Treponema were more abundant in MP sows, while P1 sows had a higher abundance of Lactobacillus and Prevotella. At 10 days, P1 progeny fecal microbiota differed, and growth and survival were reduced when compared with MP progeny. No treatment effect was observed for P1-FT piglets (P &gt; 0.05). Donor piglets had a different fecal microbiota and improved weight and survival then all other treatments (P &lt; 0.05). Overall, the removal of sow feces from the farrowing crate improved piglet microbiota development, growth, and survival.
Explaining Wage Losses After Job Displacement: Employer Size and Lost Firm Wage Premiums
Authors: Fackler Daniel , Mueller Steffen , Stegmaier Jens 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates whether wage losses after job displacement are driven by lost firm wage premiums or worker productivity depreciations. We estimate losses in wages and firm wage premiums, the latter being measured as firm effects from a two-way fixed-effects wage decomposition. Using new German administrative data on displacements from small and large employers, we find that wage losses are to a large extent explained by losses in firm wage premiums and that premium losses are largely permanent. We show that losses strongly increase with pre-displacement employer size. This provides an explanation for large and persistent wage losses reported in previous displacement studies typically focusing on large employers, only.
Social Workers as Local Human Rights Actors? Their Response to Barriers in Access to Care and Support in the Netherlands
Authors: Dibbets Alicia , Eijkman Quirine A M , Claessen Dorien , Lamkaddem Majda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The realization of human rights standards depends in part on the commitment of local actors. It can be argued that local public service professionals such as social workers can also be regarded as key players. The possible role of social workers becomes imperative if these professionals are working in a policy context that is not congruent with human rights. If existing laws or policies cause or maintain disrespect for human rights, social workers are in a position to observe that this is having an adverse impact on clients. When social workers are regarded as human rights actors, the question arises how they can or should respond to law and policy that impedes them in carrying out their work with respect for human rights. This article adds to existing theories on social workers as human rights actors by examining the practices of social professionals working in such a challenging policy context. The research took place among professionals in social district teams in the city of Utrecht, the Netherlands. Following a series of decentralizations and austerity measures the social care landscape in the Netherlands has changed drastically over the last few years. As a result, social workers may find themselves on the one hand trying to realize the best possible care for their clients while on the other hand dealing with new laws and policy expectations focused on self-reliance and diminished access to specialist care. The article explores how social professionals’ responses to barriers in access to care affect human rights requirements. In doing so, this socio-legal study provides insight into the ways in which everyday social work relates to the realization of human rights at the local level.
Intra-abdominal foreign body as unexpected discovery mimicking suspicious malignancy
Authors: Kastiunig Theresa , Sortino Rosita , Vines Larissa Clea , Benigno Luca 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Although rare, postoperatively retained foreign bodies in the abdominal cavity still represent a serious issue for the surgical team as for the patients. Its clinical manifestation is often unspecific and the cases are therefore only irregularly registered.
There are several known factors that increase the risk of retention of a foreign body, for example emergency surgeries, unplanned changes in procedure or a high body mass index.
In this article, we would like to report the case of a male patient with a foreign body in the right lower quadrant after open appendectomy mimicking a tumor.
Profiling native and introduced perennial garden plants in Puerto Rican urban residential yards
Authors: Meléndez-Ackerman Elvia J , Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWorldwide the number of non-native species escaping from cultivation into native habitats is steadily increasing with no signs of saturation. Species that eventually become invasive may generate unwanted social and ecological conditions especially in areas of conservation concern. This study built upon prior biodiversity work from 432 residential yards in the San Juan Metropolitan Area of Puerto Rico to evaluate the natural history and functional traits of native and non-native plant species in these green spaces. We reviewed the literature for a total of 361 plant species to extract information on their taxonomy, native distribution range, invasive status (casual, naturalized or invasive), life-form and ecological and biological species attributes. We then evaluated the relationship between their attributes and their probability of escaping cultivation and become invasive. Our results show that non-native species growing in yards are more likely to succeed in becoming invasive if they have vegetative growth, a mixed breeding system, and an unspecialized dispersal mode. We also found that native and non-native species occurring in residential yards share similar adaptive strategy scores. Most plant species that have already become invasive originated from Asia and America a fact that is likely tied to the US nursery trade. We used the combined results of this and prior studies to understand the factors facilitating plant invasion and to generate recommendations for the development of management strategies that may limit the spread of non-native ornamentals with the potential to escape cultivation and become invasive on this island.
CLUMP-3D: the lack of non-thermal motions in galaxy cluster cores
Authors: Sayers Jack , Sereno Mauro , Ettori Stefano , Rasia Elena , Cui Weiguang , Golwala Sunil , Umetsu Keiichi , Yepes Gustavo 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the non-thermal pressure fraction (Pnt/Ptot) obtained from a three-dimensional triaxial analysis of 16 galaxy clusters in the CLASH sample using gravitational lensing (GL) data primarily from Subaru and HST, X-ray spectroscopic imaging from Chandra, and Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect (SZE) data from Planck and Bolocam. Our results span the approximate radial range 0.015–0.4 R200m (∼35–1000 kpc). At cluster-centric radii smaller than 0.1 R200m the ensemble average Pnt/Ptot is consistent with zero with an upper limit of 9 per cent, indicating that heating from active galactic nuclei and other relevant processes does not produce significant deviations from hydrostatic equilibrium (HSE). The ensemble average Pnt/Ptot increases outside of this radius to approximately 20 per cent at 0.4 R200m, as expected from simulations, due to newly accreted material thermalizing via a series of shocks. Also in agreement with simulations, we find significant cluster-to-cluster variation in Pnt/Ptot and little difference in the ensemble average Pnt/Ptot based on dynamical state. We conclude that on average, even for diverse samples, HSE-derived masses in the very central regions of galaxy clusters require only modest corrections due to non-thermal motions.
Crystal structure of parallel G-quadruplex formed by the two-repeat ALS- and FTD-related GGGGCC sequence
Authors: Geng Yanyan , Liu Changdong , Cai Qixu , Luo Zhipu , Miao Haitao , Shi Xiao , Xu Naining , Fung Chun Po , Choy To To , Yan Bing , Li Ning , Qian Peiyuan , Zhou Bo , Zhu Guang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The hexanucleotide repeat expansion, GGGGCC (G4C2), within the first intron of the C9orf72 gene is known to be the most common genetic cause of both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The G4C2 repeat expansions, either DNA or RNA, are able to form G-quadruplexes which induce toxicity leading to ALS/FTD. Herein, we report a novel crystal structure of d(G4C2)2 that self-associates to form an eight-layer parallel tetrameric G-quadruplex. Two d(G4C2)2 associate together as a parallel dimeric G-quadruplex which folds into a tetramer via 5′-to-5′ arrangements. Each dimer consists of four G-tetrads connected by two CC propeller loops. Especially, the 3′-end cytosines protrude out and form C·C+•C·C+/ C·C•C·C+ quadruple base pair or C•C·C+ triple base pair stacking on the dimeric block. Our work sheds light on the G-quadruplexes adopted by d(G4C2) and yields the invaluable structural details for the development of small molecules to tackle neurodegenerative diseases, ALS and FTD.
LCD-Composer: an intuitive, composition-centric method enabling the identification and detailed functional mapping of low-complexity domains
Authors: Cascarina Sean M , King David C , Osborne Nishimura Erin , Ross Eric D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Low complexity domains (LCDs) in proteins are regions predominantly composed of a small subset of the possible amino acids. LCDs are involved in a variety of normal and pathological processes across all domains of life. Existing methods define LCDs using information-theoretical complexity thresholds, sequence alignment with repetitive regions, or statistical overrepresentation of amino acids relative to whole-proteome frequencies. While these methods have proven valuable, they are all indirectly quantifying amino acid composition, which is the fundamental and biologically-relevant feature related to protein sequence complexity. Here, we present a new computational tool, LCD-Composer, that directly identifies LCDs based on amino acid composition and linear amino acid dispersion. Using LCD-Composer's default parameters, we identified simple LCDs across all organisms available through UniProt and provide the resulting data in an accessible form as a resource. Furthermore, we describe large-scale differences between organisms from different domains of life and explore organisms with extreme LCD content for different LCD classes. Finally, we illustrate the versatility and specificity achievable with LCD-Composer by identifying diverse classes of LCDs using both simple and multifaceted composition criteria. We demonstrate that the ability to dissect LCDs based on these multifaceted criteria enhances the functional mapping and classification of LCDs.
Comparison of the Safety of Prophylactic Anticoagulants After Intracranial Surgery
Authors: Bell Joseph S , Florence T J , Phillips H Westley , Patel Kunal , Macaluso Nicholas J , Villanueva Paulina G , Naik Priyanka K , Kim Won 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a rare but preventable postoperative complication. Unfractionated heparin (UH) and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) are used to prevent VTE, but comparative studies of their safety and efficacy in the neurosurgical context are limited.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the relative safety and efficacy of UH and LMWH for prophylaxis after cranial surgery.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective analysis of 3204 elective intracranial surgical admissions in 2901 patients over the period 2013 to 2018. From chart review, we extracted demographic and clinical features, including diagnosis and procedure, drugs administered, and the occurrence of VTE events. To compare postoperative outcomes, we performed propensity score matching of patients receiving different drugs, and reviewed postoperative cranial imaging. To contextualize our results, we selected 14 prior neurosurgical studies of VTE prophylaxis to compare our outcomes to the existing literature.

RESULTS
In our sample of 3204 admissions, the overall rate of VTE was 0.8% (n = 27). Rates of VTE were not statistically different in matched cohorts receiving UH and LMWH (1.7% vs 1.0%, respectively); however, LMWH was associated with a higher rate of clinically significant intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (3.4% vs 0.5%, P = .008). Literature review and meta-analysis supported these findings. Across studies, UH and LMWH were associated with similar rates of VTE. Studies in which patients received LMWH reported significantly higher rates of ICH (4.9% higher, P = .005).

CONCLUSION
We find that LMWH and UH show similar efficacy in preventing VTE; however, LMWH is associated with higher rates of ICH.
The Role of Gender in Neurosurgical Residency Applicants’ Letters of Recommendation
Authors: Field Nicholas C , Pilitsis Julie G , Paul Alexandra R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Letters of recommendation (LORs) are one of the most important components of the neurosurgical residency application. Studies in other fields and surgical subspecialties have found gender bias.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether neurosurgical LORs contain significant linguistic gendered differences.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective review and linguistic analysis of all LORs submitted on behalf of applicants offered an interview invitation to a single neurosurgical residency program at an academic medical center between 2015-2016 and 2018-2019.

RESULTS
A total of 599 letters from 156 applicants (120 males and 36 females) were included. Background demographics, including United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 score and publications, were not significantly different between applicants. Male faculty authored 93% of all letters. Female faculty were more likely to write letters for female applicants than male applicants (12.1% vs 5.5%, P < .001). Letters for women were significantly longer (334 words vs 277 words, P < .001). Overall, 1754 agentic terms and 854 communal terms were coded. Letters for men contained significantly fewer agentic terms (10.7 vs 13.1, per applicant, P < .01) and communal terms (5.2 vs 6.4, P < .034). This difference, however, is nonsignificant when word count was used as a covariate. Female applicants were more significantly likely to be labeled “Outstanding” (2.4 vs 1.6 mentions per applicant).

CONCLUSION
Overall, there are more similarities than differences between genders in LORs for neurosurgical applicants. This finding is at odds with what has previously been reported in most other surgical specialties.
Smoking Is Independently Associated With an Increased Risk for COVID-19 Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Adjusted Effect Estimates
Authors: Hou Hongjie , Li Yang , Zhang Peihua , Wu Jian , Shi Li , Xu Jie , Diao Jie , Wang Yadong , Yang Haiyan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionSmoking can cause mucociliary clearing dysfunction and poor pulmonary immunity, leading to more severe infection. We performed this study to explore the association between smoking and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients utilizing a quantitative meta-analysis on the basis of adjusted effect estimates.Aims and MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of the online databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. Only articles reporting adjusted effect estimates on the association between smoking and the risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients in English were included. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was fitted to assess the risk of bias. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled effect with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 73 articles with 863 313 COVID-19 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Our results indicated that smoking was significantly associated with an increased risk for death in patients with COVID-19 (pooled relative risk = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.12–1.27). Sensitivity analysis indicated that our results were stable and robust.ConclusionsSmoking was independently associated with an increased risk for mortality in COVID-19 patients.ImplicationsThis present study may contribute to summarizing the association between smoking and the risk of COVID-19 mortality based on adjusted effect estimates. More detailed and complete data on smoking status should be collected to more accurately estimate the effect of smoking on COVID-19 mortality.
Cefiderocol Pharmacokinetics in a Patient Receiving Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration
Authors: Kobic Emir , Gill Christian M , Mochon A Brian , Nicolasora Nelson P , Nicolau David P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Antimicrobial dosing in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy is a continued clinical challenge. We describe a case of a patient receiving cefiderocol 2 g intravenously every 8 hours as a 3-hour infusion for a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and bacteremia while undergoing continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. The clinical course and cefiderocol pharmacokinetics are described.
Resolution of primary hepatic marginal zone lymphoma in a hepatitis C virus-infected patient treated with a direct-acting antiviral
Authors: Pellicelli Adriano , Giannelli Valerio , Zoli Valerio , Regine Giovanni , Cortese Andrea , Ettorre Giuseppe M , Carmenini Enrico , Pellicelli Valeria , Rigacci Luigi 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
The favorable impact of antiviral therapy on low-grade hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma manifesting as marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) has been reported in some clinical studies. However, primary HCV-related marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs) confined to the liver have not been described in the literature nor have the resolution of liver lymphoma through anti-HCV eradication treatment. The authors report a genotype 1b HCV-positive patient with chronic hepatitis who exhibited lesions involving both hepatic lobes resembling hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver biopsy revealed an MZL of the liver. Antiviral treatment using sofosbuvir associated with simeprevir as unique treatment was started and resulted in complete haematological response. In HCV-related MZL isolated to the liver, antiviral treatment has led to the eradication of viral infection and a complete haematological response. Antiviral therapy should be considered as a first-line treatment for HCV-related primary MZLs of the liver.
Transfusion-dependent anaemia treatment using continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (epoetin β pegol) and roxadustat after darbepoetin treatment failure in low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a case report
Authors: Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi , Furumatsu Yoshiyuki , Kitamura Tetsuya 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Treatment of anaemia and reduction of transfusion are major therapeutic goals in patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Although erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are widely used to reduce transfusion requirement, ESAs lose effectiveness within 12 months.
We report a 65-year-old Japanese woman diagnosed with low-risk MDS who underwent long-term use of continuous epoetin β pegol, an erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA), and her treatment after CERA failure. She received darbepoetin alpha (DPO) for transfusion-dependent anaemia and was free from transfusion. However, after 8 months, DPO lost effectiveness. She then received CERA and recovered from anaemia. Her haemoglobin level remained &gt;10 g/dl for 3 years and 4 months. However, even CERA lost effectiveness, and she received roxadustat treatment with CERA, leading to recovery from anaemia again.
Although further evidence is required, the extension of the no-transfusion period provided by ESAs and roxadustat is important and is awaited among low-risk MDS patients.
Synchronous pituitary and pineal gland lesions presenting with panhypopituitarism in a patient with widespread colorectal cancer: a case report
Authors: Struja Tristan , Capraro Joël 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
A 60-year-old man presented to our hospital because of febrile neutropenia due to chemotherapy for his metastasized colon cancer. During hospital stay, polyuria and polydipsia were noted. He reported that his thirst had become increasingly intolerable over the last weeks. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed. Polyuria and polydipsia persisted despite euglycemia under insulin treatment. Because of thirst and high urine volumes during the night, diabetes insipidus was suspected. Endocrinological work up revealed complete panhypopituitarism with impairment of all anterior and posterior axes. After substitution with hydrocortisone, levothyroxine and desmopressin symptoms resolved. MRI of the brain revealed one round, contrast enhancing lesion in the pituitary stalk and one in the pineal gland. Because of extensive extracerebral metastasis and poor performance status, the patient opted for radiation therapy only. He died 2.5 months later due to non-cerebral manifestations of his cancer before cerebral radiotherapy could be initiated.