bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reads in a haystack: extracting complete mitogenome sequences hidden in baculovirus datasets
Authors: Jukes M.D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThaumatotibia leucotreta(Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) is one of many economically important insect pests for which no complete mitogenome sequence is available. The complete mitochondrial sequences for this species and other key pests could assist in the development of novel molecular techniques, such as enabling the identification of population‐specific markers which could assist in improved monitoring of populations. The objective of this study was to determine whether NGS datasets generated for entomopathogenic viruses contain reads originating from host mitochondrial DNA. A total of 28 NGS datasets generated for the baculovirus Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) were analysed in this study. Three datasets contained sufficient reads providing adequate coverage for the assembly of complete mitogenomes. All 13 protein‐coding genes, 22 tRNAs and both rRNAs present in the mitogenomes of other species within the Grapholitini tribe, were identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the mitogenomes at both an intrafamilial and interspecies level grouped the sequences within the Olethreutinae andT. leucotretaclades, respectively. Analysis of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) between eachT. leucotretasequence indicated up to 75 differences across the mitogenome. The methodology used in this study could be expanded to other baculovirus NGS datasets enabling the generation of novel lepidopteran mitogenome sequences.
Enigmatic inflammasomes – Sequel (Part 2)
Authors: Triantafilou Kathy 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this issue, we introduce the second part of our review series focusing on lesser‐known enigmatic inflammasomes. This part of the collection introduces one more under‐studied NLR, NLRP7, and not only its role as a regulator of inflammation in response to bacterial infections but also its non‐inflammasome role in early pregnancy. In addition, the enigmatic function of extracellular ASC specks is also introduced, where extracellular ASC specks are presented as ‘danger signals’ to propagate inflammation. The series is concluded with an article that reviews the immunometabolic regulation of all of these lesser‐known NLRs, demonstrating that metabolic regulation of inflammasome activation is central for the whole NLR family. These three reviews, together with the four articles that were published in the first part of the series in December 2020, offer new insights into the complex functions of NLRs, well beyond the well‐known NLRP3. The review series as a whole provides a thought‐provoking platform with some of the latest findings in the NLR field and sparks our imagination into what might be discovered in this space in the future.
The process of transitioning for the transgender individual and the nursing imperative: A narrative review
Authors: Evans Shelley , Crawley Jamie , Kane Debbie , Edmunds Kathryn 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsThe objectives of this study were to bring the experience of the transitioning process for the transgender population to the nursing profession and address the lack of knowledge to promote improved patient outcomes.DesignThis study used a narrative review using the literature matrix method. Because of the dearth of trans specific literature, editorials and monologues were included.Data sourceA broad search was undertaken across all databases including CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health and Google Scholar. Literature from June 1994 to May 2020 was appraised. Non‐peer reviewed literature and published texts were procured via Google Alerts.Review methodsSelection for inclusion was based on credibility and relevance from a variety of social science disciplines. A narrative analysis was used to identify common themes, incongruencies in schools of thought and perspectives that require consideration.ResultsAnalysis of the literature revealed the following themes: (a) literature and terminology evolution, (b) transitioning as a process, (c) medicalization of transitioning, (d) generational views on transitioning and (e) needs during transition.ConclusionThis review highlights key issues about the transitioning process imperative to nursing when meeting the needs of the transgender population.ImpactThis review addresses the lack of trans specific literature and lack of consistency in the literature about the understanding of the transitioning process for the transgender population.Main findings? Terminology to explain the transitioning process is ever evolving. Future studies about transitioning need to go beyond the medical lens. Generational views differ in the approach to transitioning, and there are needs unique to this population required during the process.Where and whom will the research impact? The review has significant implications for change in health delivery, nursing policy and formulating nursing practice and education to improve trans competent care.
Moral Disagreement in Theories of Practical Ethics
Authors: Paulo Norbert 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTWhat is the point of doing practical ethics? Is it to find fruitful modes of reasoning so that the people can make up their mind about contested issues? Or is it rather to try to solve those problems once and for all? This article argues that the epistemology of moral disagreement provides good reasons in favor of the former view. In a recent paper, Andrei Poama suggests understanding public policy ethics (EPP) as falling into two broad categories – applied and constructive EPP. The main difference is their reaction to the factum of moral disagreement: proponents of applied EPP explain moral disagreement away, while proponents of constructive EPP take it to be a fundamental characteristic of morality. This article takes Poama's distinction to suggest a path to decide which of the two approaches to EPP is ‘the right one’, namely to take into account the debate about peer disagreement in epistemology. The article argues that the most promising theory of epistemic peer disagreement – the ‘Total Evidence View’ – fits constructive EPP quite naturally and that this speaks for constructive against applied approaches to EPP and to practical ethics more generally.
Future orientation helps regulate emotion in the future
Authors: Zheng Lei , Chen Yidi , Gan Yiqun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough the adaptive function of future orientation has been demonstrated, whether an individual's orientation toward the future regulates emotions to cope with future stressors remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the emotion regulation function of future orientation in a goal‐related stressful situation. Eighty participants were randomly assigned to an experiment group or a control group. The experiment group was primed by a future‐oriented manipulation, whereas the control group was primed by a neutral condition; then, both groups performed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). The results showed that the experiment group exhibited reduced negative mood, increased positive mood, and a lower peak cortisol level after the TSST task. In conclusion, future orientation is considered an effective approach to regulate future emotions in response to stress. Our results render insights to developing strategies in coping with occupational stress.
Atrial fibrillation is associated with increased central blood pressure and arterial stiffness
Authors: Pauklin Priit , Eha Jaan , Tootsi Kaspar , Kolk Rein , Paju Rain , Kals Mart , Kampus Priit 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice and beta blockers (BBs) are the drugs of choice for rate or rhythm control in these patients. The purpose of this study was to describe differences in arterial stiffness (AS), central blood pressure (cBP), and the role of BBs on cBP in patients with AF compared to healthy individuals. The authors included 76 patients with paroxysmal/persistent AF. Carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cBP were measured and compared with data from 75 healthy individuals. Patients with AF had higher PWV (8.0 m/s vs. 7.2 m/s, p < .001), central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) (118 mm Hg vs. 114 mm Hg, p = .033), central pulse pressure (cPP) (39 mm Hg vs. 37 mm Hg, p = .035) and lower pulse pressure amplification (PPA) (1.24 vs. 1.30, p = .015), without differences in peripheral blood pressure (pBP) and heart rate (HR). AF patients had significantly increased PWV (β= 0.500, p = .010, adjusted R² = 0.37) after adjustment for confounding factors. The use of BBs significantly reduced PPA (β = ‐0.059, p = .017, adjusted R² = 0.30). AF patients have higher PWV, cSBP, cPP, and lower PPA, compared to healthy patients. These findings support the role of AS in the development of AF. Use of BBs is related to a potential adverse effect on cBP.
Network analysis and the impact of Aflibercept on specific mediators of angiogenesis in HUVEC cells
Authors: Latifi‐Navid Hamid , Soheili Zahra‐Soheila , Samiei Shahram , Sadeghi Mehdi , Taghizadeh Sepideh , Pirmardan Ehsan Ranaei , Ahmadieh Hamid 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAngiogenesis, inflammation and endothelial cells’ migration and proliferation exert fundamental roles in different diseases. However, more studies are needed to identify key proteins and pathways involved in these processes. Aflibercept has received the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of wet AMD and colorectal cancer. Moreover, the effect of Aflibercept on VEGFR2 downstream signalling pathways has not been investigated yet. Here, we integrated text mining data, protein‐protein interaction networks and multi‐experiment microarray data to specify candidate genes that are involved in VEGFA/VEGFR2 signalling pathways. Network analysis of candidate genes determined the importance of the nominated genes via different centrality parameters. Thereupon, several genes—with the highest centrality indexes—were recruited to investigate the impact of Aflibercept on their expression pattern in HUVEC cells. Real‐time PCR was performed, and relative expression of the specific genes revealed that Aflibercept modulated angiogenic process by VEGF/PI3KA/AKT/mTOR axis, invasion by MMP14/MMP9 axis and inflammation‐related angiogenesis by IL‐6‐STAT3 axis. Data showed Aflibercept simultaneously affected these processes and determined the nominated axes that had been affected by the drug. Furthermore, integrating the results of Aflibercept on expression of candidate genes with the current network analysis suggested that resistance against the Aflibercept effect is a plausible process in HUVEC cells.
Recombinant platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB alleviates osteoarthritis in a rat model by decreasing chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhu Pengfei , Wang Zhengchao , Sun Zhenxing , Liao Bokai , Cai Yu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease that mainly affects the diarthrodial joints. Treatments for OA include non‐pharmacological interventions, topical and oral therapies, intra‐articular therapies and joint surgery. However, all the treatments mentioned above mainly aim to control the symptoms instead of improving or reversing the joint condition. In this research, we observed the effect of recombinant platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB on OA in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)–induced rat model and revealed the possible mechanisms. In vitro, the level of inflammation in the chondrocytes was gradually alleviated, and the apoptosis rate was gradually decreased by PDGF‐BB at increasing concentrations. The levels of p‐p38, Bax and caspase‐3 decreased, and the level of p‐Erk increased with increasing PDGF‐BB concentration. In vivo, PDGF‐BB could significantly reverse chondrocyte and matrix loss. Furthermore, high concentrations of PDGF‐BB could alleviate cartilage hyperplasia to remodel the tissue. The level of collagen II was up‐regulated, and the levels of collagen X and apoptosis were down‐regulated by increasing concentrations of PDGF‐BB. In conclusion, recombinant PDGF‐BB alleviated OA by down‐regulating caspase‐3‐dependent apoptosis. The effects of PDGF‐BB on OA mainly include inhibiting chondrocyte loss, reducing cartilage hyperplasia and osteophyte formation, and regulating collagen anabolism.
ADMSC Exo‐MicroRNA‐22 improve neurological function and neuroinflammation in mice with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhai Liping , Shen Heping , Sheng Yongjia , Guan Qiaobing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe previous study by our group has found that miRNA‐22 can inhibit pyroptosis by targeting GSDMD and improve the memory and motor ability of mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice by inhibiting inflammatory response. In recent years, stem cells and their exosomes have been reported to have good therapeutic effects on AD; therefore, we hypothesize that miRNA‐22 is likely to play a synergistic therapeutic effect. In this study, adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were transfected into miRNA‐22 mimic to obtain miRNA‐22 loaded exosomes (Exo‐miRNA‐22), which was further used for the treatment and nerve repair of AD. In brief, 4‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice were assigned into the control group, Exo and Exo‐miRNA‐22 groups. After exosome transplantation, we observed changes in the motor and memory ability of mice. In addition, ELISA was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood, Nissl staining was used to assess the survival of mouse nerve cells, immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the activation of microglia, and Western blot was utilized to detect the expression of pyroptosis‐related proteins. As a result, the nerve function and motor ability were significantly higher in mice in the Exo‐miRNA‐22 group than those in the control group and Exo group. Meanwhile, the survival level of nerve cells in mice was higher in the Exo‐miRNA‐22 group, and the expression of inflammatory factors was lower than that of the Exo group, indicating Exo‐miRNA‐22 could significantly suppress neuroinflammation. In vitro culture of PC12 cells, Aβ25‐35‐induced cell damage, detection of PC12 apoptotic level, the release of inflammatory factors and the expression of pyroptosis‐related proteins showed that Exo‐miRNA‐22 could inhibit PC12 apoptosis and significantly decrease the release of inflammatory factors. In this study, we found that miRNA‐22‐loaded ADMSC‐derived exosomes could decrease the release of inflammatory factors by inhibiting pyroptosis, thereby playing a synergetic therapeutic role with exosomes on AD, which is of great significance in AD research.
Identification and characterization of Trpm4 gene involved in regulating Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) inflammatory response
Authors: Li Shuo , Feng Yu , Zhang Tongtong , Wang Shan , Sun Jinsheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a widely expressed Ca2+‐impermeable cation channel involved in modulating inflammatory and immune responses in mammals. However, the role of TRPM4 channel in fish immunity remains unclear. In this report, from a comparative immunological point of view, we identified and characterized a Trpm4 gene from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and analysed its potential role in regulating the fish inflammatory response. The Japanese flounder Trpm4 gene is expressed in a wide range of tissues and encodes a 1264‐amino acid protein which expresses on the cell surface and shares several conserved domains with its mammalian counterparts. In vitro inflammatory challenge and in vivo bacterial infection experiments revealed that Japanese flounder Trpm4 expression was significantly modulated following different immune challenges, indicating the implication of Trpm4 in the fish immune response. Overexpression of TRPM4 significantly attenuated LPS‐ and poly(I:C)‐induced pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression in Japanese flounder FG‐9307 cells. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of the endogenous TRPM4 channel activity in Japanese flounder head kidney macrophages resulted in increased pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression following LPS and poly(I:C) stimulations. Taken together, these findings indicate that TRPM4 channels may play a conserved role in regulating inflammatory response(s) in fish.
Subcritical low temperature extraction technology and its application in extracting seed oils
Authors: Wang Wen‐Yue , Yan Yuan‐Yuan , Liu Hua‐Min , Qi Kun , Zhu Xin‐Liang , Wang Xue‐De , Qin Guang‐Yong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeed oils are of increasing interest to research and industry because they are a renewable, relatively inexpensive resource, they have valuable mechanical and chemical properties, and they have considerable nutritional benefits. Besides the traditional oil extraction methods, subcritical low temperature extraction as an innovative, clean, and environmentally friendly technology has attracted considerable attention recently. This new technique has many excellent properties, such as low temperature and pressure, short time, better selectivity, environmental compatibility, process simplicity, and the elimination of residual solvent. This review describes the technique of subcritical low temperature extraction, and then focuses on the recent developments in this technology as it is being used for the extraction of various seed oils.Practical ApplicationsMajority seeds are generally discarded worldwide as food‐by‐product, even though they have high nutritional value. This analysis provides new ideas for food industry stakeholders concerned with high value utilization of by‐product produced during food processing. It also assessed the combined effects of different extraction methods on the quality of variety seed oils. To our knowledge, no reviews have been conducted on the application of subcritical low temperature technique in plant seed oil extraction. By providing information and insights, this article should facilitate development of subcritical low temperature extraction as an efficient means to extract and isolate substances from plant matrices that can be used in the production of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.
Family members' perspectives on learning cognitively unimpaired older adults' amyloid‐β PET scan results
Authors: Largent Emily A. , Abera Maramawit , Harkins Kristin , Feldman Sara J. , Uhlmann Wendy R. , Roberts J. Scott , Karlawish Jason ,   The REVEAL‐SCAN Team
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesDisclosure of Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk information to cognitively unimpaired older adults may become more common if preclinical AD is shown to be identifiable and amenable to treatment. Little, however, is known about how families will react to this information.Design and SettingSemi‐structured telephonic interviews.ParticipantsSeventy study partners (mean age = 68 [±11]; 50% female; 70% spouses/significant others; 18% children, siblings; 12% friends) of cognitively unimpaired adults who learned a personalized AD dementia risk estimate and an amyloid‐β PET scan result through their participation in preclinical AD research.MeasurementInterviewees were asked about their desire for information regarding their family member's AD dementia risk, baseline expectations of risk, understanding of amyloid‐β PET scan results, and the impact of AD dementia risk information on emotions, health behaviors, and future plans, as well as on perceptions of their family member's or friend's memory.ResultsInterviewees generally understood the AD dementia risk information (83%) and considered it valuable (75%). Risk information perceived as favorable elicited feelings of happiness and relief; unfavorable information elicited disappointment, as well as increased awareness of the participants' memory and monitoring for incipient changes in cognition. While noting that AD dementia risk information was not medically actionable at this time due to the lack of disease‐modifying therapies, some interviewees described changes to their family members' and their own health behaviors and future plans.ConclusionGuidelines for the disclosure of AD dementia risk estimates and biomarker results to cognitively unimpaired adults should account for the needs and interests of individuals and their family members, who may step into a pre‐caregiver role.
Supermarket competence in emergent markets: Conceptualization, measurement, effects, and policy implications
Authors: Grunert Klaus G. , Zhou Yanfeng , Banovic Marija , Loebnitz Natascha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhen channels of distribution change, consumer competences have to adapt. We define supermarket competence as the set of skills and knowledge that enables consumers to locate, evaluate, and choose among product offerings in a supermarket to fulfill their shopping goals. We develop a scale that measures three components of supermarket competence: finding and locating products, understanding and using packaging information, and interpreting prices. To test the structure and reliability of the scale, it is applied to three consumer samples in China. Supermarket competence is found to be related to shopping trip satisfaction, perceived shopping risk, and use of brand information. In addition, consumers with different levels of supermarket competence are found to differ in their demographic characteristics and in their shopping behavior. Policy implications for strengthening consumers' supermarket competence are discussed.
Revisiting marital health protection: Intraindividual health dynamics around transition to legal marriage
Authors: Mikucka Małgorzata , Arránz Becker Oliver , Wolf Christof 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study analyzes the dynamics of health associated with the transition to first marriage and remaining in marriage up to 24 years in order to estimate the protective effect of heterosexual marriage (compared to being never married, including the unpartnered, partnered, and cohabiting) on physical, mental, and self‐rated health.BackgroundPast research produced inconclusive results on marital health protection. This study advances the debate by overcoming theoretical and methodological shortcomings of previous research. The authors use new statistical methods, which go beyond controlling for self‐selection into marriage on health levels and also account for selection on health trajectories.MethodThe authors used German Socio‐Economic Panel (SOEP) data (1992–2018, stratified random sample; N = 27,205 observations for physical and mental health, N = 110,440 observations for self‐rated health). This study relied on fixed effects models with individual slopes, which controlled for individual premarital health trends, as well as fixed effects models with group slopes (FEGS), which modeled self‐selection into marriage on premarital health trajectories.ResultsCompared to health trajectories of the never married, self‐rated health and physical health declined temporarily upon the transition into marriage, but improved in the long run; however, the cumulative protective effect was statistically significant only among men and only for self‐rated health. Mental health improved around the transition into first marriage, but the effect was short‐lived. Men with more sustainable premarital health had a higher chance of marrying.ConclusionThis study does not support the strong theoretical claims of marital protection and suggests that marriage exerts a mix of protective and adverse effects on health.