bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sobre política indígena y un cambio de signo en la indigeneidad abierta e inclusiva de la Bolivia Plurinacional
Authors: Schavelzon Salvador 
Published: March 2021

Este texto presenta algunas notas sobre la situación actual de las luchas indígenas bolivianas, intentando trazar algunos puentes con otras luchas indígenas de la región, en particular la de los pueblos minoritarios brasileros. Daremos continuidad, así, a una conversación iniciada en la Universidade Federal de São Carlos (PPGAS), diciembre 2011, cuando contrastamos experiencias etnográficas y políticas andinas con las provenientes de la realidad Guaraní del Estado brasilero de Mato Grosso do Sul, presentadas por los investigadores que también publican aquí sus aportes.
PROCESSO DE TRANSIÇÃO DO FAMILIAR PARA O PAPEL DE CUIDADOR FAMILIAR DE UM IDOSO DEPENDENTE
Authors: Oliveira Samara Gonçalves de , Caldas Célia Pereira 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: a transição do familiar para o papel de cuidador de um idoso dependente é vista na Teoria das Transições de Afaf Meleis como uma transição situacional por ser um processo complexo que envolve inúmeras variáveis. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os condicionantes, facilitadores e inibidores na transição de familiares para o papel de cuidadores familiares de um idoso dependente no domicílio e as intervenções de enfermagem necessárias para uma transição saudável. Método: trata-se de uma revisão realizada nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System onLine (MEDLINE) via PubMed, Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e CINAHL. A estratégia de busca utilizada foi a seguinte: operador booleano And, recorte temporal 2015-2019, idiomas português, inglês e espanhol e descritores: "aged", "family" e “Home Nursing”. Resultados: Após a avaliação, 23 artigos foram selecionados por atenderem a questão de pesquisa e 374 excluídos. Os resultados da pesquisa, foram organizados em três categorias: “condicionantes inibidores da transição saudável ao tornar-se cuidador de um idoso dependente”, “condicionantes facilitadores da transição saudável ao tornar-se cuidador de um idoso dependente” e; “intervenções terapêuticas de enfermagem para uma transição saudável”. Conclusão: o processo de transição de um familiar para o papel de cuidador familiar de um idoso dependente é extremamente complexo. Requer suporte estruturado, para que o período de instabilidade não perdure. Com as intervenções terapêuticas de enfermagem é possível para o familiar, alcançar a maestria da transição e a estabilidade.
Participants’ perspectives of a fall prevention exercise program in older Arab Americans: A focus group study
Authors: Yao Lan , Kridli Suha A. , Kishek Juliana L. 
Published: March 2021

Background and objective: Physical exercise is an important intervention to maintain health, reduce falls and improve quality-of-life outcomes in older adults. Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries, and the use of Tai Chi exercise is well-supported by the general older population. Currently, there is little evidence to support the acceptance of Tai Chi by Arab Americans who have no cultural ties to Tai Chi. It is important to understand the perspective of participants in order to gain insight into the attitudes and opinions of the target group. Purpose: To explore participants' perspectives in a small group setting about the implementation of a culturally sensitive Tai Chi fall prevention group exercise program.Methods: Participants were eight older Arab American women who completed a 12-week Tai Chi fall prevention exercise program at a non-for-profit Arab community center. A semi-structured interview and focus group study was conducted with the participants and was audiotaped. The audio recordings were translated into English, transcribed, and analyzed for emergent themes.Results: Participants’ views of the program were positive. The key elements that contributed to the positive outcomes reported by participants were the characteristics of Tai Chi, the Tai Chi instructor, and the use of bilingual staff as a facilitator. The data showed three themes of self-reported benefits, including prevention awareness, physical benefits and mental health benefits, and two program-related factors: program barriers and promoters.Conclusions: Findings indicated that the Tai Chi program implemented in a culturally sensitive manner can be accepted by older Arab American women. Collaborating with a community-based organization and using bilingual staff from the same culture are key factors to promote the success of the program.
Allelopathic potential and chemical characterisation of ‘flor-de-papagaio’ bark (Norantea guianensis)
Authors: Morbeck de Oliveira Ademir Kleber , Matias Rosemary , Lacerda Pereira Kelly Cristina , Rizzi Elvia Silvia , Isaías Muller Jéssica de Araújo 
Published: March 2021

El objetivo fue llevar a cabo la prospección fitoquímica de la cáscara de Norantea guianensis y evaluar su potencial alelopático en la germinación de semillas y el crecimiento inicial de plántulas de lechuga y tomate, utilizando extractos acuosos y etanólicos. Se identificaron compuestos fenólicos y sus derivados, flavonoides y taninos, así como cumarinas, antraquinonas, alcaloides y saponinas. Se produjo interferencia negativa en la germinación y el vigor, especialmente en las semillas de tomate, y los extractos afectaron negativamente el desarrollo de las plántulas. La especie N. guianensis tiene la capacidad de interferir en el desarrollo de otras plantas y por esta razón, su uso debe evaluarse cuidadosamente.
The purpose of thisstudy was to carry out phytochemical prospecting of Norantea guianensis bark and to evaluate its allelopathic potential in seed germination and the initial growth of lettuce and tomato seedlings using aqueous and ethanolic extracts. We identified phenolic compounds and derivatives, flavonoids, and tannins, as well as coumarins, anthraquinones, alkaloids, and saponins. Negative interference was observed in germination and vigour tests, mainly in tomato seeds, with extracts negatively affecting seedling development. The species N. guianensis has the ability to interfere in the development of other plants, and for this reason, its use should be carefully evaluated.
Las bibliotecas universitarias argentinas y la educación en línea ante la pandemia por COVID19
Authors: Gaitán Anabel , Coraglia María Inés 
Published: March 2021

Nos propusimos identificar el porfolio de servicios de las Bibliotecas Universitarias y sus modificaciones frente a la complejidad causada por la pandemia COVID19, a fin de reconocer las diferentes metodologías de comunicación y gestión de las mismas con su comunidad de usuarios en contextos de aislamiento, y que esto nos permita evaluar los procesos de innovación y cambio en ocasión de la pandemia. Realizamos un relevamiento de información documental a través de los sitios web de las Bibliotecas y las organizaciones que agrupan el colectivo Bibliotecario, con el fin de evaluar y comparar las respuestas de éstas ante la crisis a nivel nacional (Argentina), y de pares en Iberoamérica. Luego se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de información directa al conjunto de 326 Bibliotecas pertenecientes a las 131 Universidades Argentinas. Finalmente arribamos a conclusiones que nos permiten ponderar la identidad de las Bibliotecas Universitarias en la Educación Superior post COVID19.
We set out to identify the service portfolio of the University Libraries and their modifications in the face of the complexity caused by the COVID19 pandemic, in order to recognize their different communication and management methodologies within the community of users in isolation contexts, allowing us to evaluate the processes of innovation and change in the event of the pandemic. We carried out a survey of documentary information through the websites of the Libraries and the organizations that make up the Librarian joint, in order to evaluate and compare their responses to the crisis at national level (Argentina), and peers in Latin America. . Then a direct information collection instrument was applied to the set of 326 Libraries belonging to the 131 Argentine Universities. Finally, we arrived at conclusions that allow us to weigh the identity of the University Libraries in Post-COVID19 Higher Education.
Milestones comparisons from residency to pediatric emergency medicine fellowship: Resetting expectations
Authors: Vu Tien T. , Rose Jerri A. , Shabanova Veronika , Kou Maybelle , Zuckerbraun Noel S. , Roskind Cindy G. , Baghdassarian Aline , Levasseur Kelly , Leonard Kathryn , Langhan Melissa L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellowships accept trainees who have completed a residency in either emergency medicine (EM) or pediatrics and have adopted 17 subcompetencies with accompanying set of milestones from these two residency programs. This study aims to examine the changes in milestone scores among common subcompetencies from the end of EM or pediatrics residency to early PEM fellowship and evaluates time to reattainment of scores for subcompetencies in which a decline was noted.MethodsThis is a national, retrospective cohort study of trainees enrolled in PEM fellowship programs from July 2014 to June 2018. PEM fellowship program directors voluntarily submitted deidentified milestone reports within the study time frame, including end‐of‐residency reports. Descriptive analyses of milestone scores between end of residency and PEM fellowship were performed.ResultsForty‐eight U.S. PEM fellowship programs (65%) provided fellowship milestone data on 638 fellows, 218 (34%) of whom also had end‐of‐residency milestone scores submitted. Of 218 fellows eligible for analysis, 210 (96%) had completed a pediatrics residency and eight (4%) had completed an EM residency. Pediatric‐trained fellows had statistically significant decreases in mean milestone scores in all 10 shared subcompetencies. Reattainment of milestone scores across all common subcompetencies for both EM and pediatric‐trained PEM fellows occurred by the end of fellowship.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated declines in milestone scores from the end of primary residency training in pediatrics to early PEM fellowship in shared subcompetencies, which may suggest that performance expectations are reset at the beginning of PEM fellowship. Changes in subcompetency milestone anchors to provide subspecialty‐specific context may be needed to more accurately define skills acquisition in the residency‐to‐fellowship transition.
Roles of the nervous system in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Wakiya Taiichi , Ishido Keinosuke , Yoshizawa Tadashi , Kanda Taishu , Hakamada Kenichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with its extremely poor prognosis, presents a substantial health problem worldwide. Outcomes have improved thanks to progress in surgical technique, chemotherapy, pre‐/postoperative management, and centralization of patient care to high‐volume centers. However, our goals are yet to be met. Recently, exome sequencing using PDAC surgical specimens has demonstrated that the most frequently altered genes were the axon guidance genes, indicating involvement of the nervous system in PDAC carcinogenesis. Moreover, perineural invasion has been widely identified as one poor prognostic factor. The combination of innovative technologies and extensive clinician experience with the nervous system come together here to create a new treatment option. However, evidence has emerged that suggests that the relationship between cancer and nerves in PDAC, the underlying mechanism, is not fully understood. In an attempt to tackle this lethal cancer, this review summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the pancreas and discusses the role of the nervous system in the pathophysiology of PDAC.
The Epidemiology of Psoriatic Arthritis Over Five Decades: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Karmacharya Paras , Crowson Cynthia S. , Bekele Delamo , Achenbach Sara J. , Davis John M. , Ogdie Alexis , Duarte‐García Alí , Ernste Floranne C. , Maradit‐Kremers Hilal , Tollefson Megha M. , Wright Kerry 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a US population and describe trends in incidence and mortality over 5 decades.MethodsThe previously identified population‐based cohort that included Olmsted County, Minnesota residents ≥18 years of age who fulfilled PsA criteria during 1970–1999 was extended to include patients with incident PsA during 2000–2017. Age‐ and sex‐specific incidence rates and point prevalence, adjusted to the 2010 US White population, were reported.ResultsThere were 164 incident cases of PsA in 2000–2017 (mean ± SD age 46.4 ± 12.0 years; 47% female). The overall age‐ and sex‐adjusted annual incidence of PsA per 100,000 population was 8.5 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7.2–9.8) and was higher in men (9.3 [95% CI 7.4–11.3]) than women (7.7 [95% CI 5.9–9.4]) in 2000–2017. Overall incidence was highest in the 40–59 years age group. The incidence rate was relatively stable during 2000–2017, with no evidence of an overall increase or an increase in men only (but a modest increase of 3% per year in women), compared to 1970–1999 when a 4%‐per‐year increase in incidence was observed. Point prevalence was 181.8 per 100,000 population (95% CI 156.5–207.1) in 2015. The percentage of women among those with PsA increased from 39% in 1970–1999 and 41% in 2000–2009 to 54% in 2010–2017 (P = 0.08). Overall survival in PsA did not differ from the general population (standardized mortality ratio 0.85 [95% CI 0.61–1.15]).ConclusionThe incidence of PsA in this predominantly White US population was stable in 2000–2017, in contrast to previous years. However, an increasing proportion of women with PsA was found in this study.
Somatic Mutations in UBA1 Define a Distinct Subset of Relapsing Polychondritis Patients With VEXAS
Authors: Ferrada Marcela A. , Sikora Keith A. , Luo Yiming , Wells Kristina V. , Patel Bhavisha , Groarke Emma M. , Ospina Cardona Daniela , Rominger Emily , Hoffmann Patrycja , Le Mimi T. , Deng Zuoming , Quinn Kaitlin A. , Rose Emily , Tsai Wanxia L. , Wigerblad Gustaf , Goodspeed Wendy , Jones Anne , Wilson Lorena , Schnappauf Oskar , Laird Ryan S. , Kim Jeff , Allen Clint , Sirajuddin Arlene , Chen Marcus , Gadina Massimo , Calvo Katherine R. , Kaplan Mariana J. , Colbert Robert A. , Aksentijevich Ivona , Young Neal S. , Savic Sinisa , Kastner Daniel L. , Ombrello Amanda K. , Beck David B. , Grayson Peter C. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveSomatic mutations in UBA1 cause a newly defined syndrome known as VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X‐linked, autoinflammatory, somatic syndrome). More than 50% of patients currently identified as having VEXAS met diagnostic criteria for relapsing polychondritis (RP), but clinical features that characterize VEXAS within a cohort of patients with RP have not been defined. We undertook this study to define the prevalence of somatic mutations in UBA1 in patients with RP and to create an algorithm to identify patients with genetically confirmed VEXAS among those with RP.MethodsExome and targeted sequencing of UBA1 was performed in a prospective observational cohort of patients with RP. Clinical and immunologic characteristics of patients with RP were compared based on the presence or absence of UBA1 mutations. The random forest method was used to derive a clinical algorithm to identify patients with UBA1 mutations.ResultsSeven of 92 patients with RP (7.6%) had UBA1 mutations (referred to here as VEXAS‐RP). Patients with VEXAS‐RP were all male, were on average ≥45 years of age at disease onset, and commonly had fever, ear chondritis, skin involvement, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary infiltrates. No patient with VEXAS‐RP had chondritis of the airways or costochondritis. Mortality was greater in VEXAS‐RP than in RP (23% versus 4%; P = 0.029). Elevated acute‐phase reactants and hematologic abnormalities (e.g., macrocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome) were prevalent in VEXAS‐RP. A decision tree algorithm based on male sex, a mean corpuscular volume >100 fl, and a platelet count <200 ×103/μl differentiated VEXAS‐RP from RP with 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity.ConclusionMutations in UBA1 were causal for disease in a subset of patients with RP. This subset of patients was defined by disease onset in the fifth decade of life or later, male sex, ear/nose chondritis, and hematologic abnormalities. Early identification is important in VEXAS given the associated high mortality rate.
Pseudocapacitive Anode Materials toward High‐Power Sodium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Chang Xiaoqing , Huang Tingyi , Yu Jiayu , Li Junbin , Wang Jian , Wei Qiulong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSodium‐ion storage technology holds great promise for large‐scale, sustainable, and low‐cost green energy storage systems. Overcoming the main limitations of sluggish Na+ diffusion kinetics and achieving high‐power sodium‐ion storage devices is critical but full of challenges. Recently, emerging pseudocapacitive sodium‐ion storage materials are attracting attention due to their superior rate capability and other comprehensive electrochemical performance. Herein, this review covers the charge storage mechanism, features, and performance of pseudocapacitive sodium‐ion storage anode materials and the assembled sodium‐ion capacitors. The research processes of state‐of‐the‐art pseudocapacitive sodium‐ion storage anode materials, which display remarkable rate performance, high specific capacity and cycling stability, are introduced and discussed. Using the pseudocapacitive anode materials, advanced sodium‐ion capacitors deliver high energy density at high power density. In the end, the outlooks of pseudocapacitive sodium‐ion storage materials toward future high‐power sodium‐ion capacitors are briefly proposed.
Direct Conversion of Syngas to Higher Alcohols over a CuCoAl|t‐ZrO2 Multifunctional Catalyst
Authors: Huang Chao , Zhu Can , Zhang Mingwei , Lu Yongwu , Wang Qianhao , Qian Heming , Chen Jiangang , Fang Kegong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSelective synthesis of higher alcohols from syngas is promising but remains challenging owing to the low stability and selectivity towards higher alcohols. Here we introduce a CuCoAl|t‐ZrO2 (t denotes tetragonal crystal phase) multifunctional catalyst that can achieve an alcohol selectivity of 64.8 % with 79.6 % C2+OH, and a total selectivity of alcohols and olefins to 81.7 %. The proper proximity was tuned to increase selectivity towards alcohols and decrease the selectivity towards hydrocarbons. The lower surface [H*]/[C*] ratio due to the stronger basic sites of the CuCoAl|t‐ZrO2 limited alkyl (CHx) species hydrogenation, and promoted CO insertion and carbon chain growth, resulting in improving the alcohols selectivity. Meanwhile, the weaker adsorption of bridge‐type adsorbed CO and the lower decomposition rate of multi‐bonded adsorbed CO over CuCoAl|t‐ZrO2 inhibited hydrocarbon generation. The selective promotion of the reaction route via the synergetic effect between CuCoAl and t‐ZrO2 was proposed to boost higher alcohols selectivity. This work may aid the rational design of effective multifunctional catalyst with synergistic effects for tuning selectivity.
Conjugated Molecular Nanotubes
Authors: Mirzaei Saber , Castro Edison , Hernández Sánchez Raúl 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMolecular compounds with permanent tubular architectures displaying radial π‐conjugation are exceedingly rare. Their radial and axial delocalization presents them with unique optical and electronic properties, such as remarkable tuning of their Stokes shifts, and redox switching between global and local aromaticity. Although these tubular compounds display large internal void spaces, these attributes have not been extensively explored, thus presenting future opportunities in the development of materials. By using cutting‐edge synthetic methodologies to bend aromatic surfaces, large opportunities in synthesis, property discovery, and applications are expected in new members of this family of conjugated molecular nanotubes.
Chiral Gold(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Potential Applications
Authors: Jouhannet Rémi , Dagorne Samuel , Blanc Aurélien , de Frémont Pierre 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSince the beginning of the 2000’s, homogeneous gold catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to promote the cyclization of unsaturated substrates with excellent regioselectivity allowing the synthesis of elaborated organic scaffolds. An important goal to achieve in gold catalysis is the possibility to induce enantioselective transformations by the assistance of chiral complexes. Unfortunately, the linear geometry of coordination for gold usually encountered in complexes at the +1 oxidation states renders this goal very challenging. In consequence, the interest toward the synthesis of chiral gold(III) complexes is steadily growing. Indeed, the square planar geometry of the gold(III) cation appears more suitable to promote chiral induction. Beside catalysis, gold(III) complexes have also shown promising potential in the field of pharmacology. Herein, syntheses and applications of well‐defined gold(III) complexes reported over the last fifteen years are summarized.
Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease associated with dermatomyositis—Longitudinal course of anti‐MDA5 antibody titer in two cases
Authors: Awaji Kentaro , Asano Yoshihide , Fukui Yuki , Oka Tomonori , Toyama Tetsuo , Sato Shinichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAntimelanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5 antibody (anti‐MDA5 Ab)‐positive dermatomyositis frequently develops life‐threatening rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP‐ILD). The longitudinal dynamics of antibody titers reflects treatment responses, and negative conversion of anti‐MDA5 Ab leads to the prevention of RP‐ILD relapse. Case 1 finally achieved negative conversion of anti‐MDA5 Ab after 18‐month immunosuppressive therapy despite early diagnosis from skin manifestations. Case 2 showed re‐elevation of anti‐MDA5 Ab after tacrolimus discontinuation; immediate restart of tacrolimus recovered it without relapse. These cases suggest that anti‐MDA5 Ab monitoring is essential to determine therapeutic strategy in dermatomyositis patients with RP‐ILD during both initial and maintenance phases.
Worldwide surveys on anaphylaxis to sublingual immunotherapy with house dust mite tablets are urgently needed
Authors: Mösges Ralph , Passali Desiderio , Di Gioacchino Mario 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the 1980s, a global number of 72 fatalities were reported in the UK and the USA following the application of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). This resulted in a significant limitation of SCIT use and in the search of other routes of administration, among which sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) showed the best balance between efficacy and safety. Data from controlled studies suggest that tablets‐related anaphylaxis is an uncommon event. However, in the Eudravigilance (European database of suspected adverse drug reactions from Europe) we found reports of life‐threatening events or severe local reactions under SLIT increasing over the last few years. Therefore, all efforts to minimize the related risk have to be strongly encouraged.