bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture Treatment to Reduce the Risk of Dementia in Patients With Migraine: A Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Cheng-Hao , Lin Mei-Chen , Chou I-Ching , Hsieh Ching-Liang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMigraine is a recurrent headache disease that has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent dementia. In Taiwan, some patients with migraine receive acupuncture treatment for other illnesses. Therefore, the association between the effects of acupuncture treatment and the risk of dementia in patients with migraine warrants investigation. The present study collected data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to investigate the incidence of dementia in patients with migraine who did and did not concurrently receive acupuncture treatment.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective matched-cohort study that included 37,266 patients, selected from the NHIRD, who were newly diagnosed with migraine at some time between 2000 and 2012. The follow-up period ranged from the index date (the date when patients first received acupuncture after their migraine diagnosis) to dementia diagnosis, withdrawal from the insurance program, or December 31, 2013. A 1:1 propensity score method was used to match an equal number of patients (N = 11,280) in the acupuncture and nonacupuncture cohorts based on sex, age, migraine diagnosis year, index year, insurance amount, urbanization level, baseline comorbidities, and medication usage. We employed Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the risk of dementia. The cumulative incidence of dementia in both cohorts was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and the difference was assessed through a log-rank test.ResultsPatients with migraine who received acupuncture treatment were found to have a lower risk of dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.40–0.57) than those who did not undergo acupuncture treatment, after adjusting for age, sex, insurance amount, urbanization level, baseline comorbidities, and medication usage. The cumulative incidence of dementia was significantly lower in the acupuncture cohort than in the nonacupuncture cohort (log-rank test, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis propensity score–matched cohort study demonstrated an association between acupuncture treatment and dementia development in patients with migraine in Taiwan. The results suggest that acupuncture treatment significantly reduced the development of dementia in patients with migraine. However, future study is required to provide more empirical evidence.
Cross-species Transcriptomes Reveal Species-specific and Shared Molecular Adaptations for Plants Development on Iron-rich Rocky Outcrops Soils
Authors: Dias Mariana Costa , Caldeira Cecílio , Gastauer Markus , Ramos Silvio , Oliveira Guilherme 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCanga is the Brazilian term for the savanna-like vegetation harboring several endemic species on iron-rich rocky outcrops, usually considered for mining activities. Parkia platycephala Benth. and Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochr. naturally occur in the cangas of Serra dos Carajás (eastern Amazonia, Brazil) and the surrounding forest, indicating high phenotypic plasticity. The morphological and physiological mechanisms of the plants’ establishment in the canga environment are well studied, but the molecular adaptative responses are still unknown. We aimed to identify molecular mechanisms that allow the establishment of these plants in the canga environment.ResultsPlants were grown in canga and forest substrates collected in the Carajás Mineral Province. RNA was extracted from pooled leaf tissue, and RNA-seq paired-end reads were assembled into representative transcriptomes for P. platycephala and S. pulcherrimum containing 31,728 and 31,311 primary transcripts, respectively. We identified both species-specific and core molecular responses in plants grown in the canga substrate using differential expression analyses. In the species-specific analysis, we identified 1,112 and 838 differentially expressed genes for P. platycephala and S. pulcherrimum, respectively. Enrichment analyses showed unique biological processes and metabolic pathways affected for each species. Comparative differential expression analysis was based on shared single-copy orthologs. The overall pattern of ortholog expression was species-specific. Even so, almost 300 altered genes were identified between plants in canga and forest substrates, responding the same way in both species. The genes were functionally associated with the response to light stimulus and the circadian rhythm pathway.ConclusionsPlants possess species-specific adaptative responses to cope with the substrates. Our results also suggest that plants adapted to both canga and forest environments can adjust the circadian rhythm in a substrate-dependent manner. The circadian clock gene modulation might be a central mechanism regulating the plants’ development in the canga substrate in the studied legume species. The mechanism may be shared as a common mechanism to abiotic stress compensation in other native species.
Barriers To Sexual And Reproductive Care Among Cisgender, Heterosexual And LGBTQIA+ Adolescents In The Border Region: Provider And Adolescent Perspectives.
Authors: Hubach Randolph D. , Zipfel Rebecca , Muñoz Fatima A , Brongiel Ilana , Narvarte Annabella , Servin Argentina E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The United States (U.S.) has higher rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and adolescent pregnancy than most other industrialized countries. Furthermore, health disparities persist among racial and ethnic minority adolescents (e.g., African American and Latinx) and in counties located along the U.S.–Mexico border region – they demonstrate the highest rates of STIs and unintended pregnancy among adolescents.Methods: Qualitative data were collected as part of formative research for the development of a mobile app that provides gender-inclusive sexual education to adolescents living in the U.S. – Mexico border region. From August 2019 to March 2020, in-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with healthcare providers (n=11) and cisgender, heterosexual, and SGM adolescents ages 15-18 (n=3; 20 participants).Results: Providers and adolescents reported similar barriers to accessing SRH in this region such as transportation, lack of insurance and cost of services or accessing services without their parent’s knowledge. However, providers shared that some adolescents in this region face extreme poverty, family separation (i.e., parent has been deported), have a mixed family legal status or are binational and have to travel every day from Mexico to the U.S. for school. These challenges further limit their ability to access SRH.Conclusions: Adolescents in the U.S.-Mexico border region face unique economic and social challenges that further limit their access to SRH care, making them uniquely vulnerable to STIs and unintended pregnancy. Our findings provide further evidence for the need for interventions and service delivery, programs tailored for residents in the border region.
Upper Body of Dynamic Sweat Distributions in Young Males Wearing Fully Encapsulating Chemical Protective Ensembles
Authors: Chen Ying , Zhang Chuankun , Lu Lin , Zheng Xiaohui , Chang Suqin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Fully encapsulating chemical protective ensembles (FCPE) has characteristic of impermeability, which may affect people’s sweat, accordingly influences clothing thermal-wet comfort. This study investigated upper-body dynamic sweat distribution in young males wearing FCPE, and evaluating changes in sweat rates both intra-region and inter-time. Participants were 10 healthy young male college students, aged 23.1\(\pm\)0.8 years. In a climatic chamber (environment temperature 35 ℃, relative humidity 60%), participants exercised on a treadmill at 4 km/h, 5%. A set of absorbent pads with 35 pads was used to collect sweat. Participants change a new set of absorbent pads every 5 minutes until trial stopped. Seven sets of pads were obtained. Average sweat rate of every 5 minutes is 389, 631, 920, 1137, 1100, 1211 and 1105 g.m−2.h−1, respectively. The top five high sweat rates were observed at the medial upper back, lateral lower back, medial upper chest, medial mid back and lateral top back, with average values 1406,1278,1198,1181 and 1139 g·m−2·h−1, respectively. The lower sweat rates were observed at waist (with average values 557, 370, 596 and 332 g·m−2·h−1, respectively) and bottom zones (with average values 373, 398, 661 and 849 g·m−2·h−1, respectively). Wearing FCPE greatly promoted body profuse sweating. Based on the distribution result, upper body can be divided into three levels of sweat rate zones, which could be used to improve clothing comfort. The present study provides basic physiological data and guidance for personal protective clothing design.
Is the urinary iodine/Creatinine ratio applicable to assess individual iodine status in Chinese adults? Comparison of iodine estimates from 24-hour urine and timed-spot urine samples in different periods of the day
Authors: Liu Zhuan , Lin Yixuan , Wu Jiani , Chen Diqun , Wu Xiaoyan , Lan Ying , Chen Zhihui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is routinely used to evaluate the population iodine status while the uniform method for the individual level assessment is uncertain. Objectives : To explore the 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (UIE) in five different periods of the day and the corresponding prediction equations respect by the use of creatinine-corrected UIC. Methods: We collected 24-hour, spot and fasting urine in five periods of the day to estimate 24-hour UIE by the six different prediction equations. We compared the estimated creatinine-corrected UIC to the collected 24-hour UIE and identified the most suitable equations in each period of the day. Results: Among the six different prediction equations, the equation of Kawasaki T was the best to estimate the 24-hour UIE by fasting urine among Chinese adults. Among the five periods of time, the equation of Knudsen N was the best to estimate the 24-hour UIE except the morning period. Conclusion: Urinary iodine status at the individual level could be estimated by different creatinine-based equations at different periods of the day.
Circulating micro-RNAs Differentially Expressed in Korean Alzheimer’s Patients with Brain Aβ Accumulation Activate Amyloidogenesis
Authors: Mankhong Sakulrat , Kim Sujin , Moon Sohee , Choi Seong-Hye , Kwak Hyo-Bum , Park Dong-Ho , Shah Pratik , Lee Phil Hyu , Yang Seong Wook , Kang Ju-Hee 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDA role for extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched with micro-RNAs (miRNAs) has been proposed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, leading to the discovery of blood miRNAs as biomarkers of AD. However, the diagnostic utility of specific miRNAs is not consistent. This study aimed to discover blood miRNAs that are differentially expressed in Korean AD patients, evaluate their clinical performance in plasma or plasma EVs, and investigate their role in amyloidogenesis. METHODSBlood from 15 (7 cognitively normal [CN] and 8 AD) out of 262 subjects (59 CN, 105 mild cognitive impairment [MCI], 98 AD) and 8 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients was used to discover miRNAs differentially expressed in AD. We evaluated the clinical performance of these miRNAs in plasma of a subgroup of 100 subjects (51 CN, 22 MCI, 27 AD) and in plasma EVs isolated from the total cohort in a cross-sectional design. The effects of miRNAs on amyloid b (Ab) production and expression of their target genes were investigated in neuronal culture systems. RESULTSAmong 17 upregulated, and one downregulated miRNAs in AD (>2-fold), three upregulated miRNAs (miR-122-5p, miR-210-3p, and miR-590-5p) that were differentially expressed in AD compared with CN or PD were selected. Diagnostic utility for discrimination of AD or MCI from CN of the selected miRNAs in plasma or plasma EV was not high. Nevertheless, the levels of three miRNAs in plasma or plasma EVs of subjects who were Ab positive on positron emission tomography (PET) were significantly higher than those from subjects who were Ab-PET negative. Furthermore, the selected miRNAs induced Ab production through activation of b-cleavage of amyloid precursor protein and downregulated their target genes. Pathway enrichment and protein interaction network analysis of target genes of the miRNAs further supported the roles of the selected miRNAs in amyloidogenesis. CONCLUSIONThe diagnostic utility of circulating miR-122-5p, miR-210-3p, and miR-590-5p to discriminate AD from CN was modest. However, these miRNAs were highly expressed in patients with amyloid accumulation, which was supported by in vitro analysis of amyloidogenesis. Our results suggest that blood-based miRNA biomarkers may play a role in amyloidogenesis during AD onset and progression.
ILDR1 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Associated With Immune Inﬁltration in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ma Yanling , Qi WenBo , Gu BaoHong , Li XueMei , Yin ZhenYu , Liu Qian , Chen Hao , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between ILDR1 and prognosis and immune infiltration in gastric cancer. Methods: We analyzed the RNA sequencing data of 9736 tumor tissues and 8587 normal tissues in the TCGA and GTEx databases through the GEPIA2 platform. The expression of ILDR1 in gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa tissues with GEPIA and TIMER. Clinical subgroup analysis was made through Kaplan-Meier analysis. Analyzed the correlation between ILDR1 and VEGFA expression in gastric cancer, through the gene sequencing data of gastric cancer in TCGA. Explored the relationship between ILDR1 methylation and the prognosis of gastric cancer patients through the MethSurv database. The correlation between ILDR1 and immune cells and the correlation of copy number variation were explored through the TIMER database. Results: ILDR1-high GC patients had a lower PFS and OS. High ILDR1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor grade. There was a negative correlation between the ILDR1 expression and the abundances of CD8+ T, Macrophages and DC and etc. The methylation level of ILDR1 is associated with a good prognosis of gastric cancer. ILDR1 copy number variation was correlated with immune cells, IDLR1 arm-loss was associated with the infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, and arm-duplication was associated with the infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Conclusion: The increased expression of ILDR1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. ILDR1 can be used as a novel predictive biomarker to provide a new therapeutic target for gastric cancer patients.
Loss of Heterozygosity on the Distal Long Arm of Chromosome 15: An Allusion for Prader-willi Syndromes?
Authors: Dai Yang-Li , Huang Ke , Zhu Ming-Qiang , Zhong Mian-Ling , Dong Guan-Ping , Zou Chao-Chun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPrader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder that is partially caused by maternal uniparental disomy (UPD) of chromosome 15. Copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH) observed on the distal long arm of chromosome 15 may be an indicator of UPD and may require additional genetic testing as chromosome 15 is known to harbor imprinted genes.MethodsChromosome microarray (CMA) was performed for two children with developmental disabilities or congenital anomalies. The results showed CN-LOH on the distal long arm of chromosome 15. Thereafter, methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) or methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) was performed to confirm the diagnosis of PWS.ResultsMS-PCR did not detect an unmethylated allele for the SNRPN gene or MS-MLPA hypermethylation in 15q11.2-q13.1 region, supporting the diagnosis of PWS.ConclusionsThese data suggested that LOH on chromosome 15, and even the critical region of 15q11.2q13.1 was not involved, perhaps due to partial heterodisomy and partial isodisomy UPD15. Hence, other genetic tests are warranted for the diagnosis of PWS.
Study on the Effect of Different Extraction Methods in Four Pharmacopoeia on the Content and Structural Transformation of Ginsenoside and the Optimization of Extraction Process
Authors: Sun Kai , Jiang Hua , Li Pingya , Xu Lei , Deng Yaling , Xu Jing , Zhao Yuqing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent years, ginseng products are widely used in various fields. More and more people pay attention to the extraction methods and quality evaluation of ginseng. At present, China, the United States, Europe, Japan and Korea have the quality standards and content determination methods of ginseng. However, due to the different treatment methods adopted before the determination of ginseng samples, the content limits of the index components, such as ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 and Re are also different. There have been literature analyzed the similarities and differences of ginseng content detection methods in pharmacopoeias of different countries, but the comparison of the effects of different methods on ginsenoside content and structural transformation has not been reported.Methods: In this paper, ginsenosides in ginseng were extracted according to four national Pharmacopoeia, and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS and HPLC-UV. Finally, a simple and feasible extraction method was optimized by response surface method. Results: Twelve kinds of ginsenosides in ginseng were quantitatively analyzed by using the methods of four national pharmacopoeia. Among them, the contents of Rg1, Re and Rd were high, and they were the highest by using unheated J/KP (Japan/Korea Pharmacopoeia) method. Ten kinds of ginsenosides were determined by heated CP (China Pharmacopoeia), USP (the United States Pharmacopoeia) and EP (European Pharmacopoeia) method, and seven kinds of ginsenosides were determined by unheated J/KP method. In the following UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS study, 34, 36, 21 and 19 ginsenosides were identified by CP, USP, EP and J/KP method, respectively. In the optimization of ginsenoside extraction process, an efficient extraction method was selected from the solvent, extraction time, solid-liquid ratio and other factors. In conclusion, through the qualitative and quantitative comparison of CP, USP and EP samples after heating, it can be seen that ginsenoside heating will increase the content of rare saponins, and the heating time is directly proportional to the content of rare saponins. Conclusion: The pretreatment method has a significant effect on the content determination of ginseng. The analysis of the preparation method and process optimization of the four Pharmacopoeia can provide important reference for the revision of ginseng standard.
Psychometric Assessment of Scales for Measuring Loneliness and Social Isolation: An Analysis of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey
Authors: Manera Karine , Smith Ben , Owen Katherine , Phongsavan Philayrath , Lim Michelle 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly recognised as global public health threats, meaning that reliable and valid measures are needed to monitor these conditions at a population level. We aimed to determine if robust and practical scales could be derived for conditions such as loneliness and social isolation using items from a national survey.Methods: We conducted psychometric analyses of ten items in two waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, which included over 15,000 participants. We used the Hull method, exploratory structural equation modelling, and multidimensional item response theory analysis in a calibration sample to determine the number of factors and items within each factor. We cross-validated the factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis in a validation sample. We assessed construct validity by comparing the resulting sub-scales with measures for psychological distress and mental well-being.Results: Calibration and cross-validation consistently revealed a three-factor model, with sub-scales reflecting constructs of loneliness and social isolation. Sub-scales showed high reliability and measurement invariance across waves, gender, and age. Construct validity was supported by significant correlations between the sub-scales and measures of psychological distress and mental health. Individuals who met threshold criteria for loneliness and social isolation had consistently greater odds of being psychologically distressed and having poor mental health than those who did not. Conclusions: These derived scales provide robust and practical measures of loneliness and social isolation for population-based research.
Food Security of the Pregnant Population Cared for in Bosques De María in Barranquilla, Colombia in 2020
Authors: Prieto Paula Andrea Castro , Guevara Paola Rueda , Valencia Omaira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: According to observations of maternal and child health and nutritional indicators and the levels of food insecurity in the Atlantic region, the need to characterize the components of food access, intake and nutritional status of the population of interest in the city of Barranquilla was identified. The aim of this research was to characterize the food and nutritional security of the pregnant population served in Camino Bosques de María Health Service in Barranquilla during their last trimester in 2020.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that assessed the dimensions of food security situation to determine the approximation of access to food, consumption practices, health knowledge, and nutritional status of pregnant women who were cared for by the Camino Bosques de Maria Health Service, located in southwestern Barranquilla, one of the most vulnerable zones in the city.Results: With regard to household members, information was collected from 331 households, which consisted of an average of 4.6 members; only 10.1% of pregnant women were in the contributory scheme, while 54.9% were in the subsidised scheme, and 35.1% did not have any type of affiliation. The foods with the highest weekly average reported intake were cereals such as rice and pasta (6.3 days per week). In relation to their nutritional status according to anthropometry, 41.4% had an adequate body mass index, 23% were overweight, 19.3% were underweight, and 13.9% were obese for gestational age. A total of 2.4% did not have gestational age information for this calculation.Conclusions: Improving food security and nutrition during pregnancy is vitally important, as it promotes maternal and child health. In a territory such as Barranquilla, this characterization allows health decision-makers to link programs that promote not only health at the intrahospital level but also at the community level, as described in resolution 3280 of 2018, the ten-year public health plan—currently under evaluation and construction—and the ten-year breastfeeding plan.