bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTEGRATION WITHOUT GENTRIFICATION
Authors: Pierce Andrew J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Advocates for racial justice who are skeptical of racial integration frequently emphasize the disproportionate burdens that integration places on people of color, pointing, for example, to the fact that integration programs often focus on moving people of color into White communities, schools, and workplaces rather than the reverse. Despite renewed philosophical attention to the issue of racial integration, this concern about “one-way” integration has not been adequately addressed. This is surprising, since processes of gentrification have seen increasing numbers of White people moving into communities of color, reversing the mid-century trend of “White flight.” In this paper, I argue that, despite serious injustices associated with gentrification as it has unfolded, the trend holds some promise for a more equitable approach to integration, provided that it can be uncoupled from its role in initiating processes that lead to the displacement and exclusion of long-term residents. Resisting these effects, I argue, requires strong and effective democratic institutions at the city and neighborhood levels. With this in mind, I conclude with a brief review of some policy measures that might reinforce such institutions, focusing on community land trusts as a promising possibility for facilitating equitable racial integration.
Robotic Process Automation for the Extraction of Audit Information: A Use Case
Authors: Bellinga Jeroen , Bosman Tjibbe , Höcük Seyit , Janssen Wim H. P. , Khzam Alaa 
Published: May 2021

SUMMARY
The reconciliation of audit evidence to the audit subject matter is a key and recurring audit procedure. Before reconciling information, data needs to be extracted from the audit subject matter, which is often in a Portable Document Format (PDF). Reconciliations are a recurring task for every new version of the audit subject matter. Large audit firms typically “offshore” simple and repetitive audit tasks such as reconciliations to shared service centers. Offshoring however comes at the expense of coordination costs, delays in the process, and challenges regarding the liability risk to the auditor. This paper presents an open-source algorithm to extract data from (draft) annual reports (PDF files) using Python to automate, rather than outsource, the data extraction for reconciliations. The algorithm resulted in a significant time saving for the audit of a large Dutch asset management firm. Researchers apply the algorithm to minimize hand-collection of financial statement data.
Data Availability: The algorithm this paper presents is open-source and publicly available.
JEL Classifications: M42; G23; G29.
Profesjonelle fellesskap på ungdomstrinnet som del av skolens utvikling
Authors: Carlsten Tone Cecilie , Throndsen Inger , Björnsson Julius K. 
Published: May 2021

Professional communities at the lower secondary level as part of the school’s development
This chapter invites to a discussion of how TALIS 2018 data about professional communities relates to recent policy development aimed at school development. Teacher collaboration is considered a central resource in the individual school’s organization, and exchange of experience with colleagues is often highlighted when teachers are asked about their most important source of learning and development. Policy development in Norway has aimed at strengthening professional collaboration for quality development of schools, especially at the lower secondary level. The chapter highlights some results from TALIS 2018 that show how teachers at the lower secondary level collaborate and how school leaders provide feedback and assessments to support and facilitate the teachers’ further professional development by asking what the characteristics of collaboration at the lower secondary level are; and what kind of measures school leaders are implementing to support teachers who need follow-up. Answers to these questions are compared to Norwegian findings from TALIS 2008 and TALIS 2013.
Sentido de vida: una herramienta en la formación de estudiantes universitarios en el sureste de México
Authors: Chan Chi Gladis Ivette 
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar el sentido de vida de estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a un campus de ciencias sociales, económico-administrativas y humanidades de una universidad pública en el sureste de México, a fin de desarrollar estrategias que promuevan la atención del sentido de vida: una herramienta útil en la formación de los alumnos, puesto que favorece el desarrollo de las potencialidades, el establecimiento de metas, la satisfacción en las actividades académicas, profesionales y personales, al mismo tiempo que apoya la adaptación y trayectoria escolar de los educandos. Este estudio se desarrolló desde un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo y diseño no experimental. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia de sujetos voluntarios, por lo que la muestra estuvo conformada de 551 educandos, a quienes se les administró el Purpose in Life Test (PIL) en su versión en español. Los resultados mostraron que 51.5 % (284) presentaba incertidumbre y vacío existencial y solo 48.5 % (267) sentido de vida. Por otro lado, no se encontraron diferencias significativas por programa educativo, por sexo y por edad, lo que indicaba que dichas variables resultaron no ser predictoras de la presencia de sentido de vida en los estudiantes. A partir de los resultados fue posible diseñar una intervención educativa como estrategia enfocada en la promoción de la búsqueda y fortalecimiento del sentido de vida de los universitarios, con el objetivo de favorecer su adaptación al contexto universitario, contribuir en su formación y apoyarlos en el establecimiento de metas académicas y personales.
Ethnic Discrimination in The Bluest Eye
Authors: Dahiya Anisha 
Published: May 2021

Ethnicity is one of the most debatable topics in contemporary times. Human culture is divided along ethnic and national lines. Ethnicity and Race function as most powerful language of human difference and human community. An ethnic group that is dominant often tends to make its own culture specific traits normative in that society. The Bluest Eye is one of the landmark novels of Toni Morrison in which the markings of ethnicity play a great role. The aim of this paper is to explore the traces of ethnic discrimination of the African Americans at the hands of dominant White Americans in the novel The Bluest Eye. It illustrates how ethnic stereotypes propagated by White Americans for their selfish purposes victimised the black people at that time. Particular emphasis is given on the psychological effects of the oppressive environment on the protagonist Pecola. Morrison portrays Pecola as a marginalized and oppressed character who yearns to have blue eyes to have a respectable position in the community.
Physiological Response to Different Kata Performances
Authors: Augustovičová Dušana , Hadža Radovan , Štyriak Rastislav , Barinec Peter 
Published: May 2021

Summary
During a karate competition, a competitor in the kata discipline may choose one kata of 102 katas on the list. This kata must not be repeated. Katas differ in duration, complexity, number of fast and slow techniques, which also means different intensity, physiological response of the karateka body and energy coverage.

Problems and Aim. In our study, we focused on the identification and assessment of the duration and difficulty of selected katas by monitoring the internal response of the human body (heart rate, lactate) of three top women´s Slovak national team karate competitors of kata individual categories during training and competition.

Methods. The research sample consisted of 3 karate kata athletes (age 17.3 years, body height 161.7 cm, body weight 55.7 kg), who trained kata on average 7 years. To evaluate the indicators of the internal body load in selected katas we used mean, standard deviation, min-max.

Results. The highest mean maximum heart rate values athletes had during performance kata Gojushi Ho (187 ± 8.2 bpm). The highest average heart rate values were observed during performance kata Chatanyara Kushanku (171 ± 9.9). Similarly, we found the highest mean values of blood lactate 4 minutes after performance kata Chatanyara Kushanku. (7.6 ± 2.5 mmol.l-1). The longest duration had the kata Suparinpei (204 ± 13 s). There was a significant difference in level of blood lactate reached in different katas (p ≤ 0.05) and the duration of katas.

Conclusions. The duration of 5 most common katas used at the high level competition is different (p ≤ 0.05), thus the intensity expressed by the frequency of the techniques, and heart rate and blood lactate concentration. ATP-PCr energy system seems to be the major contributor while contribution of the aerobic energy system rises with the increase in duration of kata.
How combined aerobic training and pomegranate juice intake affect lipid profile? A clinical trial in men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nemati Sasan , Tadibi Vahid , Hoseini Rastegar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Study aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training (AT) and pomegranate juice intake (PJI) on the lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in middle-aged men (40–50 years old) with type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups: AT + PJI (n = 9); AT (n = 10); PJI (n = 9), and control (C) (n = 10). The AT program consisted of 60-75% of HRMax, 40-60 min/day, three days/wk for eight weeks. Participants in the PJI group consumed 240 ml of pomegranate juice (sugar or additive-free) daily for eight weeks. Lipid profile was measured at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed through paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance, as well as Tukey’s post hoc test at the signification level of P<0.05.

Results: AT + PJI, PJI, and AT groups demonstrated significant improvements in lipid profile compared to the C group. The results show that the AT + PJI group had significantly lower TC and LDL (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), and significantly higher HDL (p = 0.023) compared with the PJI group. There was no significant difference between AT and PJI groups. Also, TG was significantly lower in AT+ PJI compare to the C group.

Conclusions: AT + PJI is more effective than AT or PJI alone in the improvement of lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Seismic Damage Assessment of Deficient Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad , Shah Syed Azmat Ali 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to assess the seismic damage response of reinforced concrete deficient, weak beam-column connection frame structures, this study presents experimental shake table testing on representative 1/3rd reduced size and double story frame models. Two test models were considered for experimental testing, including a reference code design specimen and another frame with a similar characteristic, but was not provided with any shear reinforcement in the critical joint connection region and, was constructed with concrete having a compressive strength of 33 % less than the code specified value. The input scaled excitations were applied from 5 % to 130 % of the maximum input peak ground acceleration record, to deformed the test models from elastic to inelastic stage and then to fully plastic incipient collapse stage. The weak beam-column frame sustained plastic hinging at column bases and beam ends, with longitudinal reinforcement bar-slip and severe damageability of the joint panels upon subjected to multiple dynamic excitations. The deficient frame model was only able to resist 40 % of the maximum acceleration record as compared to the code design frame which was able to resist about 130 %.
Identifying the Presence of Natural Radionuclides in Ashlar Samples
Authors: Arenas Elfer , Martínez Jorge , Guillen Mercedes Vilca , Fernandez Alicia , Fernandez Enrique , Quindos Luis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Humans have always been exposed to different types of natural and cosmic radiation. At present we experience 83 % natural radiation, for example from granite marbles, building materials such as concrete, brick, granite, or drywall. However, although these are potential sources of radon, they are rarely the cause of a high level of pollution in a building.Ashlar is a material of volcanic origin comprising heterogeneous and solidified detrital pyroclastic materials such as rhyolite, sand, volcanic ash and pumice, among others. Chemically, ashlar is principally composed of elements such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, aluminum, sulfur, and cobalt. In order to identify the presence of these elements in the ashlar, X-ray Fluorescence studies were carried out first, using modern XRD and XRF equipment, followed by quantitative analysis using a neutron activation technique, and finally, low-level gamma spectrometry to evaluate the presence of radioactive elements.
Estimating Flood Inundation Depth Along the Arterial Road Based on the Rainfall Intensity
Authors: Suharyanto Agus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study identifies the rainfall intensity that causes the flood along the arterial road connecting Malang to Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, estimates flood occurrences based on the recorded rainfall data, and proposes the normalization of the side ditch to reduce flood occurrences. The Nakayasu synthetic unit hydrograph was used to analyze the runoff discharge, and the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System software was used to analyze the water level profile of the side ditch. The regression method was used to determine the relationship between the rainfall intensity and inundation depth along the arterial road. Analysis results show that floods occur if the rainfall intensity is ≥1.01 year return period. To estimate the flood inundation depth, simple linear regression was conducted herein. Furthermore, it was observed that flood occurrences can be avoided by normalizing the side ditch cross section with a fully rectangular shape having a channel bottom elevation equal to the existing elevation.
Life Cycle Cost Optimization of Residential Buildings in Bulgaria: a Case Study of the Building Envelope
Authors: Doseva Nadezhda , Chakyrova Daniela 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Around 60 % of residential buildings in Bulgaria are constructed before the Nineties of the last century, i.e. they have been in use for more than 30 years. Furthermore, the final energy consumption of Bulgarian residential buildings is the highest in Europe. This raises the question of the improvement of the energy performance of existing residential buildings. The current study is intended to assess the influence of the heat transmittance coefficient of the external building envelop elements on the annual energy consumption for heating and cooling and finding its optimal value. Life-cycle cost (LCC) as the optimization criterion is using. The optimization procedure is conducted for the climatic and economic conditions in Bulgaria and taking into account the existing legal framework. The minimum of the building life cycle costs is determined by using a genetic algorithm.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced and Plain Concrete Haunched Beams Under Torsion
Authors: Jebur Hamzah Sabah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present paper is focused on analysis of reinforced and plain concrete haunched beam under torsion based on non-linear finite element analysis NLFEA approach. Ten cantilever beams (five of them are steel reinforced and the rest are not reinforced) were modelled by using ANSYS software with different haunched angles to achieve the purpose of the present study. The verification was done for two prismatic beams under torsion, and two reinforced concrete haunched beams (RCHBs) under static shear load to ensure the correctness of modelling. The verification work illustrated a good agreement between the NLFEA results by using ANSYS and previous experimental work results. No specific details in torsional design for RCHB in many codes, and no/very less works have done regarding analysis or design of RCHB under torsion. The main purpose of the present work is checking the capability of using ACI-318 code in analysis and design of concrete haunched beam for torsion. The presented paper confirms the validation of using ACI-318-2019 in analysis and design of RCHB and plain concrete haunched beam PCHB as well, where the FEA results by using ANSYS were at accuracy not less than 92 % with the ACI-318-2019 results for all specimens. The torsional mechanism failure and shear stresses distribution of RCHB are discussed in the present paper.
A Model - Based Approach for Leak Detection in Water Distribution Networks Based on Optimisation and GIS Applications
Authors: Ayad A. , Khalifa A. , Fawy M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the development of an integrated approach for water pipe network calibration and quantifying leaks. The approach merges both field measurements and linear programming to pinpoint pipe leaks (physical losses); then applies Genetic Algorithms (GA) to identify faulty meters and meter thefts (apparent losses). Besides; throughout the process, GIS is used for input data integration and output representation. The developed model is based on GA but is different in its representation, introducing a new adaptive constraint handling function and a new mutation function. Also, the use of floating-point representation enables the calibration of a large number of unknown parameters without compromising the accuracy and precision of the solutions. While the newly introduced constraint handling function robust the solution towards a near level of agreement between real and calculated values. A pilot site is used to test the model and approach, comparing before and after field results to ensure accuracy. The model integrates EPAnet for the required hydraulic modeling during the simulation. The results prove the approach’s accuracy and efficiency.
The Impact of Ventilation and Shading Control on the Result of Summer Overheating Simulation
Authors: Ponechal Radoslav , Chabada Marek 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The most suitable methods for increasing the climate resistance of buildings on hot summer days are intensive ventilation and effective external shading. However, it is possible to discuss what kind of approach used, while simulating the control of these two elements in energy simulation programs, to make the result as much representative as possible. We created and compared three different control modes for this purpose. The basic mode represented models created from monitoring of habits of building users, while the second mode represented an automatic system based on sensory control. The third mode represented models that provide an early warning system against a series of hot days. They intervene in windows and blinds control for a several days in advance. The base mode using the schedules reached more than 2 °C higher maximum indoor air temperature than the two others in a direct comparison of these three systems by simulating a simple building. It also has been shown that with a relatively simple early warning system, it would be possible to replace an even more complex automatic system.
Quality Gaps in Higher Education from the Perspective of Students
Authors: Grudowski Piotr , Szczepańska Katarzyna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The presented research work relates to the category of quality in higher education. This article aims to present the determinants of the quality of education in the context of international standards. The background of the considerations is the Bologna Declaration and the European Higher Education Area. The results of the research carried out with the use of the nominal group method and the data analysis carried out based on the SERVQUAL model for education revealed groups of quality determinants that are not included in the standards of internal quality assurance. It has been found that the principle of autonomy of universities in the European Higher Education Area is a sufficient basis to include the determinants of the quality of education identified by internal stakeholders of a given university in the internal quality of education assurance system.
Sports Information Systems: A systematic review
Authors: Blobel Thomas , Rumo Martin , Lames Martin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Many professional sport organizations are currently in the process of finding or already using sports information systems (SIS) to integrate data from different information and measurement systems. The problem is that requirements are very heterogeneous. That is why no consistent definition of SIS and their categories exist, and it is often not clear which fields and functions SIS must cover. This work aims to provide a structured comparison of commercial SIS available on the market to provide an overview of the relevant features and characterize categories. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search for relevant SIS providers was conducted. A catalog of 164 review items was created to define relevant features of SIS and to conduct semi-standardized interviews with product representatives. Overall 36 eligible SIS from 11 countries were identified and 21 of them were interviewed. The analysis of the interviews has shown that there are features that are present in all SIS, whereas others differ or are generally less represented. As a result, different SIS categories have been defined. The study suggests a more differentiated categorization of SIS is necessary and terms need to be defined more precisely. This review should be considered when companies designing SIS or sport organizations select SIS.
White stork (Ciconia ciconia L.) as an indicator of natural environment status in agricultural areas, illustrated with an example of Masurian Landscape Park
Authors: Gotkiewicz Wojciech , Wittbrodt Krzysztof 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a 5-year study on the population size of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia L.) as one of the indicator species used to assess a biodiversity level in agricultural areas. The study was carried out in Masurian Landscape Park situated in Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship. The results demonstrated that the white stork population size was closely linked to agricultural areas, in particular, the extensively managed permanent grassland. In the years 2014–2018, even if minor changes were observed in the land use structure, the white stork population size showed a slight upward trend within the study area. In order to maintain this status, efforts should be made to preserve open landscapes (first and foremost – meadows and pastures), which are preferred feeding grounds of white stork. Consequently, potential decision as regards afforestation and housing should be made considerately.