bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FUNCTIONALITY BETWEEN ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND DEBT CRISIS OF AN ECONOMY: A CAUSAL STUDY ON PAKISTAN’S ECONOMY (2002-2017)
Authors: Naeem Mahpara , Rafique Dr Tariq 
Published: December 2024

The economy of Pakistan has been facing depressed economic conditions for several years since many years. Debt to GDP has marked its peak of Rs 21408.7 billion in 2017. The state of Pakistan has taken measures to reduce it. Various economic policies with amendments are being introduced by state authorities to create favorable economic conditions. However, there are still some factors that are creating economic instability in Pakistan, such as an increase in the public debt burden. So, this study primarily focuses on the exploration of a causal relationship between public debt and Pakistan's economic indicators. Secondarily, it focuses on analyzing the relationship between public debt and economic indicators such as market capitalization, reserves, exchange rate and fiscal deficits. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative type analysis. Quantitative data is analyzed through the statistical software EVIEWS. Sixteen years of data on Public Debt and economic indicators of Pakistan from 2002 to 2017 have been analyzed. Standardized criteria are adopted to accept or reject the hypothesis. Based on inferences, policies and implications are given in the shape of recommendations for corrective measures.
PRICE AND QUALITY ON CONSUMER BRAND PERFORMANCE: CASE OF THE APPAREL INDUSTRY
Authors: Shahid Mahnoor 
Published: December 2024

Ever since the modern era began, evolving technological progressions have amplified the marketing process of conveying products and services to customers, where the foremost priority would be based on their preference and intention to purchase. The key drive of executing this study is to seek the effect of apparel quality, price, and digital advertising on customers' preferences. Moreover, this study involves four basic dimensions, which were used in order to find the influence of independent variables, including price, quality, and digital advertisement of apparel brands. In contrast, customer brand preference is taken as a dependent variable. The following research is quantitative in manner and casts a deductive approach. Further, this study has few questions related to our objective; however, the solution to those questions is being analyzed through correlation analysis, which also expresses the relationship among the designated variables/dimensions. For the purpose of finding the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable, a Regression test was carried out for the prior understanding. With the help of data analysis, it can be concluded that all the dimensions have a significant relationship among them; however, a significant impact of independent variables on the dependent variable has been found. Eventually, there were 239 respondents taken as the sample size of the population. However, the respondents are primarily categorized as those who use the mentioned apparel brands and are residents of metropolitan cities in Pakistan.
THE EFFECT OF BRAND IMAGE ON CONSUMER TASTE PREFERENCE
Authors: Zahid Hadi Rameel , Hafeez Abdul 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between brand image and consumer taste preferences. Brand image in consumer’s minds was measured by making them taste the same product in different bottles, which were in different branded bottles. In the first experiment, all ketchups were the same but branded differently. This experiment was conducted to identify if consumer’s taste preference is independent of brand image. Since the results reveal that consumers prefer the brand that they are currently using regardless of the same taste, it was concluded that the taste preference is independent of brand image. The second experiment was a confirmatory experiment where all flavors of ketchup were unbranded. This experiment was conducted to verify whether taste preference and brand used at home have the same association. It was found that the consumer preferred those brands that were not in use after having a blind taste. This confirms that the first response of taste preference is more of brand image rather than product taste itself. The total number of respondents was 102, who participated in the experiment and completed the questionnaire. Optimal Scaling (CATREG) is used to explain the relationship between brand image and consumer taste preferences. The first experiment identifies that brand image has a positive effect on consumers’ mindset, and they prefer the brand that is used at home. Therefore, the significance value is less than 0.05. The second value demonstrates that taste preference explains the change in brand image, raising the significance value over 0.05. The second experiment demonstrated that taste preferences might change when the brand image changes, and the overall finding from the first trial indicated that there is a relationship between the brand image and the currently favored brand.
INDIVIDUAL'S BEHAVIOR AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS CREDIT CARD ADOPTION
Authors: Khan Aliza 
Published: December 2024

This study investigates how people use credit cards and how they behave. The focus is on rewards, interest rate risks, security risks, and demographics. The motivations for this study are the increasing prevalence of credit cards in modern society and the need to understand the factors influencing consumers' decisions to use credit cards. It examines how various factors influence people's opinions about using credit cards, how rewards programs offered by the credit card industry influence people's opinions, how security Risks and interest rate risks affect people's opinions, and how satisfied and knowledgeable people are about credit cards. Three hundred respondents in Karachi, Pakistan, were divided into two groups for a cross-sectional study: credit card users and non-users. Surveys and structured interviews were used for data collection, and SPSS was used for analysis. The results showed how important demographic factors, security concerns, and incentives influence people's opinions about credit card use. To encourage greater adoption of credit cards, the study recommends increasing consumer awareness of the benefits of credit cards, prioritizing security measures, and addressing concerns about fees and interest rates.
EMERGING TRENDS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: EXPLORING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING, AND REMOTE WORK PARADIGMS
Authors: Bokhari Syed Shoeb Ahmed , Ghaffar Abdul 
Published: December 2024

This research examines how digital transformation, employee well-being, and the new normal of remote work affect organizational performance in Pakistan’s corporate city of Karachi. Thus, the enhancements in the usage of digital solutions and flexible working arrangements, as well as the focus on employees’ health, define organizational effectiveness in the modern world. Therefore, the study aims to establish the role these factors play in the performance of organizations. The study used both qualitative information obtained from the existing research and quantitative data elicited from respondents who filled in the closed-ended questionnaire through email. The current research involved 120 employees in Karachi’s corporate sector, and data was gathered through convenience sampling. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, and frequency analysis and regression analysis were applied. With reference to the research questions, quantitative data was analyzed using frequency analysis and regression analysis and the following findings: Digital transformation has a positive effect on organizational performance = 0.564, p<0.05, Employee well-being has a positive effect on organizational performance = 0.520, p<0.05 while for remote work paradigms, no significance effect was found on organizational performance = 0.128, p>0.05. The findings reveal that digital transformation and employee well-being have significant positive effects on organizational performance, while remote work paradigms showed no statistically significant relationship. The value of R-squared is only 0.015, suggesting that other factors play a role in determining the performance of the organization. The study reveals that as digital transformation and employee well-being are seen as key to enhancing organizational outcomes, the effectiveness of remote work might be contingent on enablers such as technology support and managerial attitudes. Specific strategies are to continue technology investments, improve or upgrade/promote employee fitness initiatives, and optimize remote working initiatives for maximum organizational advantage.
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Mathematics Teaching by Protus 2.1
Authors: Alhalafi Hiba M. , Al-shammari Wisam S. , Mehregan Fatemeh 
Published: December 2024

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of mathematics education as a novel tool has introduced new capabilities in the learning and teaching processes. This technology not only assists teachers and students in enhancing the learning process but also provides the latest teaching methods.
One of the main advantages of AI in mathematics education is the ability to offer personalized learning. By analyzing individual data related to each student's learning style, AI systems can precisely adjust educational programs. This implies that each learner will follow a learning route that is suited to their knowledge level and needs. These technologies can help to diversify the learning process, catch students' interest, and boost their excitement for active engagement in the learning process. In this post, course content was personalized using the Protus 2.1 educational system.
Evaluation the antibacterial action of polymer blends filled with ZnONPs for industrial applications
Authors: Nassif Rafah Alwan , Haleem Azhar Mahmood , Hilal Raghad Hamid 
Published: December 2024

Composite materials with potential applications
were formed by reinforcing polymeric blends containing 70% unsaturated polyester (UP) and 30% natural rubber (NR) with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) at weight fractions of (0, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3%)The morphology and crystalline structure of ZnONPs were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. In addition, the ZnONPs sample exhibits a remarkably crystalline and wurtzite crystal structure, as indicated by the X-ray diffraction results. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanocomposites were evaluated against two types of bacterial growth , namely S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922, with the aim of assessing their Potential applications. The experimental findings demonstrated that ZnONPs nanocomposites showed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The cytotoxic assessment of ZnONPs on healthy white blood cells (WBCs) was tested.The results indicated that ZnONPs do not show any toxic effects on normal white blood cells. Finally, cytological criteria, such as the blastogenic index (BI), mitotic index (MI), and total chromosomal abnormalities (TCA) were used to evaluate the genotoxic potential of ZnONPs against peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). In addition, the toxicity of metal nanoparticles on various mammalian cells has been assessed.
Study of thermal and some other physical properties of PVA: CuSo4 Polymer Compound
Authors: Al - Tameemi Amir Hussein Ali , Shabeeb Ghufran M. 
Published: December 2024

In this study, casting method has been used to create films by mixing hydrated copper sulfate CuSO4.5H2O with three different concentrations 0.5,1 and1.5 wt% with a combination of PVA/PVP in a 1:1 ratio. The three different samples of different concentration of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 have been denoted as case a, b and c respectively. In order to evaluate and confirm the crystalline quality of the final mixture, PPCu(PVA/PVP/CuSO4.5H2O), the required physical measurements were carried out, including x-ray investigations. Also, an FT-IR analysis was used to investigate the structure and chemical composition of the mixture for the three cases. The film's morphology was studied by use of SEM equipment, which showed that the PPCu mixture's particle distribution was uneven. The thermal conductivity of the mixture at different temperatures was measured using the hot disk technique. The results showed significant influence of CuSO4.5H2O concentration on thermal conductivity
Detection of mecA, icaA, hlα, sea genes, and histological changes in mice for Staphylococcus aureus isolated from vaginosis in Iraqi women
Authors: Abase Hawraa Munther , Abdalhadi Hussain Enas 
Published: December 2024

Staphylococcus aureus causes critical infections in humans such as urinary infections, mastitis, pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. It represents the main cause of nosocomial infection in surgical wounds. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of S.aureus resistance and its virulence by using genetic markers. 150 samples were collected from vagina swabs for pregnant and nonpregnant women admitted to Ibn Al-Baladi and Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain hospitals/Iraq. The study was performed from July to October 2023.The results showed that 13 isolates of S.aureus have mecA genes at ( 86.7%),11 isolates have icaA gene (73.3%), and 8 isolates have the sea gene (53.3%), while hla gene was found in all 15 isolates (100%). S.aureus isolates showed histopathological changes in liver ,lung and vagina of mice .There was a prevalence of methicillin resistance S. aureus due to the presence resistance gene in most isolates. S.aureus isolates in this study showed their virulence through the occurrence of histopathological changes in liver ,lung and vagina .
Updating checklist of fishes of Al-Hawizeh marsh, Southern Iraq until 2018
Authors: Younis Kadhim H. , Al-Faisal Abbas J. , Al-Shamary Ahmed CH. 
Published: December 2024

A total of 24 species were recorded in Al-Hawizeh marsh during from June 2004 to Novmber 2018, belonging to 11 families and 22 genera, including 16 native species and (8) alien species, of which 17 species were recorded in the first study (2008) and 16, 13, 15, and 19 species were in the second, third, fourth and fifth studies2019) ) respectively, Cyprinidae family recorded the highest number with nine species. Eleven common species were recorded between the studies. The cluster analysis results of the species composition in the Al-Hawizeh marsh using the Jaccard Similarity Index showed three main groups. The highest similarity percentage was among the first and second studies, which amounted to 88.2, and the lowest was between the fourth and fifth studies, which amounted to 50.0.
Satellites and SWOT Analysis of Türkiye s Satellite Studies
Authors: Öztürk Ozan 
Published: December 2024

Geliş Tarihi: 17/10/2024
Kabul Tarihi:
Yayın Tarihi:

Anahtar Kelimeler:
Uydu Teknolojileri,
SWOT Analizi,
Milli Uzay Programı	Uydular, 20. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren dünya üzerinde büyük bir etki yaratmaya başlamıştır. İlk yapay uydu olan Sputnik 1’in 1957'de Sovyetler Birliği tarafından fırlatılması, insanlık için uzay çağının başlangıcını simgelemiştir. Bu gelişme, uydu teknolojilerinin iletişimden askeri uygulamalara, çevre izlemeye ve bilimsel araştırmalara kadar geniş bir yelpazede kullanılmasının önünü açmıştır. Uydular, bugün ulusal güvenlikten ekonomik kalkınmaya kadar birçok stratejik alanda kritik rol oynamaktadır. Küresel rekabetin giderek arttığı bu dönemde, uydu teknolojilerinde liderlik, ülkelerin uluslararası arenadaki konumlarını güçlendirmeleri için önemli bir fırsat sunmaktadır. Türkiye de bu bağlamda uydu teknolojilerine yaptığı yatırımlarla dikkat çekmekte ve bölgesel bir güç olma yolunda ilerlemektedir. Bu makale, Türkiye’nin uydu çalışmalarını SWOT analizi perspektifinde kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemektedir. Türkiye, uzay teknolojilerine yaptığı yatırımlar ve bu alandaki gelişmelerle ekonomik, bilimsel ve stratejik birçok avantaj elde etmiştir. Uydu teknolojileri, özellikle iletişim, çevresel izleme ve askeri uygulamalar gibi birçok alanda ülkenin küresel konumunu güçlendirmiştir. Türkiye’nin bu başarıları, özellikle yerli üretim ve milli uzay programı çerçevesinde geliştirdiği uydular sayesinde gerçekleşmiştir. Göktürk ve TÜRKSAT projeleri, Türkiye’nin bağımsız uydu geliştirme kapasitesini gösteren önemli adımlardan biri olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, Türkiye’nin uydu çalışmalarında karşılaştığı bazı zayıf yönler de bulunmaktadır. Ar-Ge faaliyetlerine yapılan yatırımların sınırlı olması, kritik teknolojilerde dışa bağımlılık ve nitelikli insan kaynağının bulunmaması, uydu projelerinin sürdürülebilirliğini zorlaştıran başlıca etkenlerdir. Bu durum, uydu teknolojilerinin hızla geliştiği bir ortamda Türkiye’nin rekabet gücünü sınırlayabilir. Öte yandan, uluslararası iş birlikleri ve yerli uydu projeleri Türkiye için büyük fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Özellikle global uydu pazarında daha fazla yer edinme potansiyeli, Türkiye’nin ekonomik ve stratejik açıdan kazanımlar elde etmesine yardımcı olabilir. Ancak, bu fırsatların değerlendirilmesi için küresel rekabetin ve ekonomik belirsizliklerin yarattığı tehditlerin dikkatlice yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu SWOT analizi, Türkiye’nin uydu çalışmalarındaki mevcut durumu değerlendirirken, gelecekte atılması gereken adımlar için stratejik bir rehber niteliği taşımaktadır.
Effect of different hormonal treatments on micro-minerals in post partum buffaloes
Authors: Kumar Sharad , Sharma Utsav , Kumar Sudhir , Singh Rajiv 
Published: December 2024

Forty-eight anestrus postpartum Murrah buffaloes were chosen randomly selected and divided into four groups with equal representation in each group. The buffaloes were treated with different progesterone implants and each buffalo received an intramuscular injection of 600 I.U. PMSG (Folligon) intramuscularly on the day when the device was removed. The concentration of copper increased non-significantly on day 3, 6 and 9 of treatment. However, the difference in the average concentration of serum levels Copper, Zinc and Iron within and were observed among the groups on the sampling days and found to be non-significant (P>0.05).
Diagnosis of the Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in tissues of slaughtered buffaloes using fluorescent antibody test
Authors: Jatav Gaya Prasad , Singh Shoor Vir , Chaubey Kundan Kumar , Gupta Saurabh , Jayraw Anantrao Kashiram , Agrawal Vivek , Shakya Mukesh , Choudhary Rashmi , Jamra Nirmala 
Published: December 2024

Paratuberculosis (pTB) caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), infects domestic livestock leading to chronic diarrhoea (persistent, intermittent or no diarrhoea) and loss in body condition and weights. It is a major disease that adversely affects health and productivity resulting in colossal monetary losses to the livestock industry throughout the world. Association of MAP with inflammatory bowel disease / Crohn’s disease (CD) in humans, established its zoonotic potential and public health significance. Tissues (corrugated mucosal folds) of 20 buffaloes (both the sexes, aged 1 to 10 years) from Malwa division of Madhya Pradesh were anlyzed by fluorescent antibody test (FAT). Out of 20 tissue smears screened, 11 (55.0%) were positive for MAP by FAT.
Contribution on the knowledge of Sesiidae in the Thracian Region of Türkiye (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Can Feza , Akar Serdar , Garrevoet Theo 
Published: December 2024

Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) is an important family which includes economically pest species in a variety of agricultural products in the order. In this study it was aimed to contribute to the Sesiidae species in the Thracian region of Türkiye by using pheromone traps and netting in 2021. In the study 11 Sesiidae species belonging to seven genera were determined: Microsphecia brosiformis (Hübner, [1813]), M. tineiformis (Esper, [1789]), Negotinthia myrmosaeformis (Herrich-Schäffer, [1846]), Paranthrene tabaniformis (Rottemburg, 1775), Synanthedon myopaeformis (Borkhausen, 1789), S. vespiformis (Linnaeus, 1761), Bembecia ichneumoniformis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), B. scopigera (Scopoli, 1763), Pyropteron minianiformis (Freyer, 1843), P. triannuliformis (Freyer, 1843) and Chamaesphecia doryceraeformis (Lederer, 1853). M. tineiformis, which is not common in Türkiye and was recorded for the first time from the Thracian region (European part) of Türkiye.
Анализ физической работоспособности боулинголистов в зависимости от применяемого метода разминки
Authors: Евдокимов И.М. 
Published: December 2024

человеческая работоспособность – это способность к движению, проявляющаяся в разнообразной мышечной активности и зависящая от готовности и желания человека к работе. Анализ физической работоспособности спортсменов предоставляет ценные данные для оценки и анализа функционирования организма в условиях экстремальных нагрузок. Ограничивающими факторами физической работоспособности являются индивидуальные пределы использования спортсменом резервных возможностей различных органов и систем организма [5]. Статья рассматривает общепринятое определение работоспособности, методы её количественного измерения и влияние тренировок и физических нагрузок. В ней анализируется зависимость работоспособности от внешних и внутренних факторов организма, описываются физиологические резервы и ограничения, а также приводятся общие принципы её улучшения. В статье рассмотрена оценка физической работоспособности боулинголистов от применяемого метода разминки, что позволило оценить их текущее состояние и готовность. Полученные данные помогут тренеру принимать обоснованные решения: индивидуализировать тренировки, правильно выбирать тип и направленность занятий, оптимально дозировать нагрузки и достигать спортивных целей, минимизируя риски для здоровья спортсменов. Цель данного исследования заключается в определении текущего уровня физической подготовки и физического развития игроков в зависимости от разминки для дальнейшей оптимизации тренировочного процесса.
human performance is the ability to move, manifested in a variety of muscle activity and depending on a person's willingness and desire to work. The analysis of athletes' physical performance provides valuable data for evaluating and analyzing the functioning of the body under extreme loads. The limiting factors of physical performance are the individual limits of the athlete's use of the reserve capabilities of various organs and body systems. The article examines the generally accepted definition of performance, methods of its quantitative measurement and the impact of training. It analyzes the dependence of performance on external and internal factors of the body, describes physiological reserves and limitations, and provides general principles for its improvement. The article considers the assessment of the physical performance of bowling players from the applied warm-up method, which made it possible to assess their current condition and readiness. The data obtained will help the coach to make informed decisions: to individualize training, choose the right type and orientation of classes, optimally dose loads and achieve sports goals, minimizing risks to the health of athletes. The purpose of this study is to determine the current level of physical fitness and physical development of players depending on the warm-up for further optimization of the training process.