bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic properties of aqueous extracts of leaves and stems bark of Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taub. (Fabaceae) used in the management of dental caries
Authors: Bance Alimata , Sourabié Seydou , Compaoré Souleymane , Compaoré Eli , Belem-Kabre W. Leila Marie Esther , Ouedraogo Vincent , Rouamba Ablassé , Ouedraogo Noufou , Kiendrebeogo Martin 
Published: November 2021

Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taub. (Fabaceae) is used in the herbal medicine of Burkina Faso to treat dental caries. This study aims to contribute to the valorization of the said plant by investigating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of aqueous leaves and stems extracts.
The inhibitory activity on lipoxygenase was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts. The antioxidant activity of bots extracts of the plant was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS+ radical cation decolorization. The anti-biofilm effect of the extracts was evaluated on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOI and the anti-Quorum sensing effect on Chromobacterium CV026.
Aqueous extracts of Prosopis africana stems show the highest content of phenolic compounds (30,04± 0,59 mgAGE/100 mg extract) while those of the leaves show the highest content of total flavonoids (3.29 ± 0.53 mgQE/100mg extract). The aqueous extract of stem bark show the strongest antioxidant activity ( IC50 = 4.58±0.07µg/ml for the ABTS) , a best Inhibitory action on activity of lipoxygenase (IC50 = 13.42 ± 1.26 μg/mL ), a highest anti-biofilm activity ( 63.6%; at the concentration of 100µg/ml) without affecting the bacterial growth. In addition, this extract has the strongest anti-quorum sensing activity with an percentage of inhibition 53,5%.
These findings suggested that the aqueous extracts of stem bark and leaves of Prosopis africana contain promoted phytomolecules to combat dental caries infections.
Keywords : Anti-biofilm, Anti-quorum sensing, Lipoxygenase, Prosopis africana
A case report of an extremely rare type of cardiac tumor: Primary Cardiac Angiofibroma
Authors: Mesgarha Milad Gholizadeh , Talebi Aisa , Davani Sam Zeraatian Nejad , Shahrbabaki Ali Saberi , Mohammad Arash Pour , Zare-Mirzaie Ali 
Published: November 2021

Cardiac angiofibroma is a very rare diagnosis when a patient develops an
intracardiac mass. It is a primary benign cardiac tumor with a scarcity
of information in the literature. This case report illustrates a
26-year-old man with a complaint of chronic chest tightness who was
firstly diagnosed with right ventricle tumor by echocardiography then
underwent cardiac MRI which confirmed the presence of a highly-vascular
tumor with radiologically benign behavior. Then his tumor was excised,
his postoperative course was uncomplicated and he was well within almost
2 months after discharge. Ultimately the histopathologic findings
demonstrated vascular and stromal tissue in favor of angiofibroma and
excluded the other diagnoses with IHC and trichrome staining.
Angiofibroma is a benign, highly vascular tumor, mostly discovered in
the nasopharynx. When it is found in the heart, CMR and pathology are
pivotal to rule in its diagnosis. It is isointense in T1 weighted and
hyperintense in T2 weighted sequences with intense enhancement following
contrast injection. Its pathology contains an admixture of vasculatures
with CD31 positive immunoreactivity for endothelial cells and fibrotic
tissue with bluish coloration in trichrome staining. Eventually, its
treatment includes merely surgical excision given its benign nature.
Policy Uncertainty and Textual Disclosure
Authors: Jiang Liangliang , Pittman Jeffrey A. , Saffar Walid 
Published: November 2021

SYNOPSIS
We study how policy uncertainty influences textual disclosure in the U.S. from 1996 to 2015. Consistent with incentives for voluntary disclosure, we find that policy uncertainty increases textual disclosure quantity, as evident in disclosure length, but lowers textual readability and increases the tone of uncertainty and negativity. We also document that the negative impact on readability subsides when firms are subject to tough external monitoring. Finally, we provide evidence implying that investors perceive such disclosure to be valuable, as evident in cheaper equity financing costs under economic policy uncertainty.
JEL Classifications: D72; G14; G18; G34.
A Review on the Application and Morphology of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors
Authors: Rayeg Olivia , Petrus Clotilda , Marajan Caroline , Tawie Rudy , Na Wongi S. , Huap Ang Chung , Nyuin Joe 
Published: November 2021

Corrosion is a major challenge in construction technology and manufacturing industry. It does not only reduce the aesthetics of a building but also weakens the structure. Structural weakness caused by rust leads to the reduction in the durability of reinforced concrete. Various efforts and research ranging from prevention to maintenance process are being carried out globally to overcome this problem. Due to the increased awareness of the importance of preserving the environment for health and ecological system, studies are increasingly focused on the use of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor. This paper discusses several conditioning methods of using organic corrosion inhibitors in concrete reinforcement. It also takes a close look at the effect of every conditioning method towards the reinforced concrete strength and the mechanism to improve it. The migrating and admixed corrosion inhibitors (MCI) conditioning methods is considered as the best solution so far to enhance corrosion resistance performance that contributes to superior reinforced concrete mechanical strength.
Wielkość i jakość plonu nasion rzepaku ozimego w zależności od typu odmiany
Authors: Jarecki Wacław 
Published: November 2021

Celem badań była ocena wielkości i jakości plonu nasion rzepaku ozimego w zależności od typu odmiany. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono metodą losowanych bloków, a założone zostało w Podkarpackim Ośrodku Doradztwa Rolniczego w Boguchwale. Warunki pogodowe w latach badań były zróżnicowane i miały wpływ na plonowanie rzepaku ozimego. W 2017 r. plon nasion wyniósł 4,18 t·ha–1, zaś w latach 2018 i 2019 był niższy odpowiednio o 0,66 i 0,23 t·ha–1. Poszczególne odmiany różniły się istotnie komponentami plonu. Najwyżej plonowała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’, a istotnie niżej ‒ odmiany ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskana różnica wyniosła odpowiednio 0,39 i 0,54 t·ha–1. Z odmian kiłotolerancyjnych wyżej plonowała ‘DK PlatiniumF1’ w porównaniu z odmianą ‘Mentor F1’. Największą zawartość białka ogólnego oznaczono w nasionach odmiany ‘Visby F1’, a istotnie mniejszą u odmiany ‘ES Valegro’. Zawartość tłuszczu surowego w nasionach nie była zróżnicowana odmianowo. Największy plon białka wydała odmiana ‘DK Platinium F1’, a istotnie mniejszy ‘ES Valegro’, ‘Birdy’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Poza tym większym plonem białka ogólnego odznaczyły się odmiany ‘Visby F1’ i ‘Kuga F1’ w porównaniu z odmianami ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Istotnie wyższy plon tłuszczu wydała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’ i ‘DK Platinium F1’ niż odmiany ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskane różnice wyniosły odpowiednio 0,24 i 0,18 t·ha–1. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wykazały istotne różnice w wielkości i jakości plonu nasion w zależności od typu odmiany rzepaku ozimego.Celem badań była ocena wielkości i jakości plonu nasion rzepaku ozimego w zależności od typu odmiany. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono metodą losowanych bloków, a założone zostało w Podkarpackim Ośrodku Doradztwa Rolniczego w Boguchwale. Warunki pogodowe w latach badań były zróżnicowane i miały wpływ na plonowanie rzepaku ozimego.W 2017 r. plon nasion wyniósł 4,18 t·ha–1, zaś w latach 2018 i 2019 był niższy odpowiednio o 0,66 i 0,23 t·ha–1. Poszczególne odmiany różniły się istotnie komponentami plonu. Najwyżej plonowała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’, a istotnie niżej ‒ odmiany ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskana różnica wyniosła odpowiednio 0,39 i 0,54 t·ha–1. Z odmian kiłotolerancyjnych wyżej plonowała ‘DK Platinium F1’ w porównaniu z odmianą ‘Mentor F1’. Największą zawartość białka ogólnego oznaczono w nasionach odmiany ‘Visby F1’, a istotnie mniejszą u odmiany ‘ES Valegro’. Zawartość tłuszczu surowego w nasionach nie była zróżnicowana odmianowo. Największy plon białka wydała odmiana ‘DK Platinium F1’, a istotnie mniejszy ‘ES Valegro’, ‘Birdy’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Poza tym większym plonem białka ogólnego odznaczyły się odmiany ‘Visby F1’ i ‘Kuga F1’ w porównaniu z odmianami ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Istotnie wyższy plon tłuszczu wydała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’ i ‘DK Platinium F1’ niż odmiany ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskane różnice wyniosły odpowiednio 0,24 i 0,18 t·ha–1. Wynikiprzeprowadzonych badań wykazały istotne różnice w wielkości i jakości plonu nasion w zależnościod typu odmiany rzepaku ozimego.
Effect of foliar fertilization using micronutrient fertilizers on the content of nitrates(V), nitrites(III) in potato tubers
Authors: Bienia Bernadetta , Sawicka Barbara Helena , Krochmal-Marczak Barbara 
Published: November 2021

The research was based on a 3-year field experiment carried out in south-eastern Poland, in 2013‒2015, on brown, slightly acidic soil. The experiment was established by the randomized subblock method, where the first-order factors were foliar fertilization: (A) Fortis Duotop Zn Mn + Fortis Aminotop, (B) Fortis B Mo + Ferti Agro, (C) Fortis Zn Mn + Fortis B Mo and (0) standard object, without foliar fertilization. The factors of the second order were 4 edible potato cultivars (‘Viviana’, ‘Vineta’, ‘Jelly’ and ‘Agnes’). Foliar application of all fertilizer combinations contributed to the reduction of the content of nitrates and nitrites in potato tubers. However, the response of cultivars to foliar fertilization was varied. The medium late cultivar ‘Jelly’ was characterized by the lowest tendency to accumulate nitrates, while the early cultivar ‘Vineta’ was the highest. The highest content of both nitrates and nitrites in tubers was recorded in the dry year, with a significant shortage of rainfall during the potato growing season, and the lowest in the year, about wet June, and September.
Nominal Constructions of the Vertical Level in the Yakut Language
Authors: Ivanova I. B. 
Published: November 2021

At present, the grammatical and semantic study of nominal constructions as a means of conveying metrological concepts is believed to reveal the general picture of the study of the functional grammar of the Yakut (Saha) language. Widespread constructions obtained by the method of continuous sampling from Yakut imaginative literature and folklore serve as the material of the research. The purpose of the article is to identify the structural and semantic features of the expression of nominal structures on the material of the Yakut language. As the subject matter of the research, we chose constructions of a nominal type, expressing the height / growth of an object, the depth of substances, and the length of hanging objects.It is postulated that in the Yakut language, typical constructions with the instrumental affix -nan and with the dative affix-ar,-garin combination with the postpositionsdieri,dylyandtiyeʻdo, up to’as means of expressing the level differ from each other not only in their structure, but also semantically. To identify the grammatical and semantic features of nominal constructions with the meaning of the level, different techniques have been used: morphoglossing, taking into account the linguistic specificity of the language, based on the Leipzig rules for the representation of texts, metalanguage transmission of the meaning of the level, description of semantic groups and subgroups, semantic analysis of the nominal structure.The basic nominal and postpositional constructions with the meaning of the level are presented; the component composition of the studied units is described; considered and described is also the semantic structure of qualitative-adverbial units with quantitative meaning. Based on the material of the studied units, it has been established that the situation of measuring the vertical level has its own cognitive significance, which is mostly associated with anthropocentrism. The main names of body parts with the instrumental affix-nan, capable of acting as level indicators, except forharahʻeyesʼ,haasʻebrowsʼ,uosʻlip(s)ʼ,tisʻtooth(s)ʼ, and other parts of a person’s face are revealed. Constructions with the instrumental case preposition -nan are more static and are mainly used with the verbs of being; the constructions with the dative affix-garand the postpositionsdyly,dieri,tiyeʻdo, up toʼ show more dynamics, thanks to the verbs of movement and achievement.
Os desafios no diagnóstico e manejo da sepse neonatal: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Fiorentino Analícia Neves , Silva Anderson Ricardo Cantareli da , Bucharles Anna Carolina Flumignan , Pereira Bruno Zardo Nunes , Correia Esther Pereira Borges , Marques Guilherme Gabriel , Souto Karoline de Oliveira Lins , Felis Leticia Batista , Lavinas Matheus José Brito de Oliveira , Reis Bruno Cezario Costa 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Identificar desafios no diagnóstico e manejo da sepse neonatal, aprofundando-se em conceitos básicos e conduta no paciente. Revisão bibliográfica: Recém-nascidos com sepse neonatal podem apresentar sinais e sintomas inespecíficos ou sinais focais de infecção. Tendo em vista a falta de consenso acerca de um diagnóstico específico, torna-se imprescindível estar atento aos sinais clínicos, quando presentes, e solicitar exames laboratoriais. O isolamento do agente causador em um local do corpo normalmente estéril, por meio de cultura, é o padrão ouro para definição de sepse neonatal. Entretanto, marcadores têm sido propostos para auxílio diagnóstico, uma vez que não existe um único teste isolado capaz de confirmar ou excluir o diagnóstico da doença com certeza. Pela inespecificidade clínica e demora de confirmação laboratorial por cultura, a terapia empírica é a mais comumente utilizada para o tratamento. Os tratamentos antimicrobianos empíricos são baseados na distinção entre sepse precoce e tardia. Considerações finais: A sepse neonatal enfrenta uma falta de consenso em relação a seu diagnóstico, exigindo atenção aos sinais clínicos, fatores de risco e laboratório. Uma variedade de marcadores e estratégias surgem com tempo, podendo contribuir na identificação precoce e para o uso empírico de antibióticos.
Characteristics of Chromite Deposits at North Kabaena District, Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hasria  , Masri  , Asfar Suryawan , Arisona  , Okto Ali , Restele La Ode , Ngkoimani La Ode , Yustika Rika 
Published: November 2021

The study area is located in North Kabaena District, Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. This paper is aimed to describe characacristics of chromite deposits. This study is conducted in three stages, three stages including desk study, field work and laboratory analysis. Desk study mainly covers literature reviews. Field work includes mapping of surface geology and sampling of representative rocks types. Laboratory analysis includes the petrologic observation of handspecimen samples, petrographic analysis of the thin section and ore microscopy for polished section. The results of petrographic analysis show that olivine minerals are generally replaced by minerals orthopyroxene and has been alterated by lizardite type serpentine veins with a fractured structure. The mineral olivine is also replaced by the mineral chrysotile as a secondary mineral with a fibrous structure. Based on ore microscopy analysis show that chromite has generally experienced a lateritification process and has been replaced by magnetite, hematite and geotite minerals. Chromite has experience process of weathering and alteration from its source rock caused by tectonics that occurred in the study area. The results shows that the characteristics of chromite deposits in North Kabaena District Chromite deposits has generally encountered in peridotite rock which have a grain size of 0.3-20 cm. Furthermore, chromite deposits in the study area are also encountered in podiform deposits, distributed locally and shows podiform to tubular shape with the dimensions of 30-60cm.
A Tracer Streamline Practice for Re-Evaluation Waterflood Pattern to Introduce a Cyclic Water Injection Scheme
Authors: Putra Dike Fitriansyah , Futur Lazuardhy Vozika , Umar Mursyidah 
Published: November 2021

Waterflood introduces in the oil field a couple of years ago. Several waterflood schemes have been implemented in the fields to get the best incremental oil, such as peripheral injection, pattern waterflood, and etcetera. Many waterflood schemes are not working properly to boost the oil recovery due to unpredicted and unexpected water tide array. Then, the tracer practice started to be used for getting a better picture of the transmissibility reservoir as well as the direction of water pathway. This practice honors the parameters, such pressure, water cut, GOR, and rates. The streamline modeling is used to map the tracer, and it concludes that the selection of location of the injector should be based on the highest oil recovery achieved. Subsequently, the cyclic water injection method is one alternative. Apparently, this approach yields a quantify incremental recovery. This research utilizes the pressure different approach to figure out the route of water in the formation. The inter-well tracer technique in this modeling study is a tool to review communication between injectors and producers in the existing pattern. Many scenario should be tried to find the best options for the new pattern opportunities. In parallel, a innovative scheme of waterflood technique should be implemented too for escalating oil recovery. The stream pathway observes a new potential of the waterflood scheme. It is called "cyclic injection" scheme. The novelty of this approach is the ability to solve the poor sweep efficiency due to improper pathway of water influx in the oil bearing".
Aesthetics of Law
Authors: Guss Aleksandra 
Published: November 2021

The aesthetics of law appears as one of the parts of the philosophy of law that focuses on the relationship between law and aesthetical values, in their broadest sense. The aesthetics of law can be closed in its three dimensions: external, internal and the approach defined as "law as a tool of aestheticization”. This division was made from the perspective of the subject of research, which is the law.

The third dimension refers to the law as "tool of aestheticization” of everyday life, which indicates the aesthetic function of law, implemented mainly by legal regulation and the legal norms they contain, which are the determinants of what is aesthetic. We can distinguish three basic fields in which the law can affect the aestheticization of everyday life: 1) legal norms that set and promote certain aesthetic standards, 2) legal norms that serve to protect and preserve aesthetic values and 3) the field where law, as an instrument of politics, can be used to fight against certain aesthetic values that are inconsistent with the ideology promoted by the ruling class – the so-called art in the service of state power.

The first group of norms is used to make the overall „pretty” but when interpreting such legal regulations, can be concluded that there’s something more than only this - that it’s promoting aesthetic standards and values through legal norms. The policy of many countries focuses on introducing legal regulations aimed at ensuring the aesthetics of the landscape of their cities.

The article aims to present the implementation of the third approach to the aesthetics of law in Poland and discussing legal measures and activities undertaken to ensure the aesthetics of the landscape.
Smart-City Regulation
Authors: Tian Li 
Published: November 2021

Consider that 26.3 million people live in Shanghai and 20 million live in Beijing as of 2019. Now consider that these 46.3 million people live within an area of approximately 23,000 km². By comparison, Canada’s population in 2019 was 37.6 million and the area of Canada is approximately 10 million km². China is on the leading edge of smart-city projects because population density gives it little choice. China must take bold steps in terms of both technology and regulation to cope with the demands for social management, which these megacities create. Accordingly, about half of the Smart City Projects globally are in China.
Many smart cities pilot projects are underway across China addressing many infrastructures and other organizational concerns. One such organizational concern is coping with the solid waste generated in cities. China produces more than 300 million tons of solid waste per year, and much of it comes from its cities.

This research project explores China's food and beverage delivery online platforms and the waste they cause. In 2019, this industry has developed rapidly, generating economic activity valued at ¥ 653.6 billion that year ($CAD 121 billion). Out of a total population of 1.4 billion, 460 million people are currently consumers of these online platforms. Most of these consumers live in China’s megacities. This consumption is not projected to decrease post-pandemic. The problem is that solid waste from this industry in 2019 weighed approximately 2.7 million tons.

This paper analyzes reasons why the online food take-out industry has caused a plastic waste surge from the perspective of China's environmental legislation, law enforcement efficiency, and recycling subsidies. At the same time, through the case study of the German Packaging Law, this paper suggested on the management and recycling of Chinese take-out packaging were put forward.

The Chinese government has issued national standards for the design and construction of smart cities. This paper explores how to use legal governance and supervision in smart city design and operation to assist in implementing environmental regulations to control the take-out waste. The take-out waste problem does not only exist in China. Almost all major cities in the world are facing this problem. China's experiences may provide a new path for the city's solid waste disposal and other environmental issues and lead the cities to explore more environmental protection possibilities.
Teachers’ Emotional Expression in Interaction with Students of Different Ages
Authors: Prosen Simona , Smrtnik Vitulić Helena , Poljšak Škraban Olga 
Published: November 2021

Emotions are an integral part of “classroom life” and are experienced in teacher-student interactions quite often (Hosotani & Imai-Matsumura, 2011). The present study focuses on teachers’ emotions in classrooms. Its purpose is to establish which emotions are expressed by teachers in their interactions with students, the triggering situations of the two mostfrequent emotions, and their level of intensity and suitability. Teachers’ emotions were observed by students of primary education during their practical experience work, in grades one to five. They used a scheme constructed for observing different aspects of emotions. The observations of 108 teachers in 93 primary schools from various Slovenian regions weregathered. The results show that primary school teachers express various pleasant and unpleasant emotions, with unpleasant emotions prevailing. The average frequency of teachers’ emotion expression decreased from grade one to five. Anger was the most frequently expressed emotion (N = 261), followed by joy (N = 151). Teachers’ anger and joy were triggered in different situations: anger predominantly when students lacked disciplineand joy predominantly in situations of students’ academic achievement. The intensity of expressed anger and joy was moderate in all five grades, while the assessed suitability of these two emotions was high.