bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-dimensional fragmentomic assay for ultrasensitive early detection of colorectal advanced adenoma and adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Xiaoji , Chen Yikuan , Tang Wanxiangfu , Bao Hua , Mo Shaobo , Liu Rui , Wu Shuyu , Bao Hairong , Li Yaqi , Zhang Long , Wu Xue , Cai Sanjun , Shao Yang , Liu Fangqi , Peng Junjie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrevious studies on liquid biopsy-based early detection of advanced colorectal adenoma (advCRA) or adenocarcinoma (CRC) were limited by low sensitivity. We performed a prospective study to establish an integrated model using fragmentomic profiles of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for accurately and cost-effectively detecting early-stage CRC and advCRA. The training cohort enrolled 310 participants, including 149 early-stage CRC patients, 46 advCRA patients and 115 healthy controls. Plasma cfDNA samples were prepared for whole-genome sequencing. An ensemble stacked model differentiating healthy controls from advCRA/early-stage CRC patients was trained using five machine learning models and five cfDNA fragmentomic features based on the training cohort. The model was subsequently validated using an independent test cohort (N = 311; including 149 early-stage CRC, 46 advCRA and 116 healthy controls). Our model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.988 for differentiating advCRA/early-stage CRC patients from healthy individuals in an independent test cohort. The model performed even better for identifying early-stage CRC (AUC 0.990) compared to advCRA (AUC 0.982). At 94.8% specificity, the sensitivities for detecting advCRA and early-stage CRC reached 95.7% and 98.0% (0: 94.1%; I: 98.5%), respectively. Promisingly, the detection sensitivity has reached 100% and 97.6% in early-stage CRC patients with negative fecal occult or CEA blood test results, respectively. Finally, our model maintained promising performances (AUC: 0.982, 94.4% sensitivity at 94.8% specificity) even when sequencing depth was down-sampled to 1X. Our integrated predictive model demonstrated an unprecedented detection sensitivity for advCRA and early-stage CRC, shedding light on more accurate noninvasive CRC screening in clinical practice.
Association of anti-oxidative capacity of HDL with subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Karami Sara , Poustchi Hossein , Sarmadi Negar , Radmard Amir Reza , Ali Yari Fatemeh , Pakdel Abbas , Shabani Parisa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients are at a substantial risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is well known to have protective effects against the development of atherosclerotic CVD. One of the major antiatherogenic effects of HDL is its anti-oxidative function.

Objectives
This study investigated the association of anti-oxidative capacity of HDL with subclinical atherosclerosis in NAFLD and non-NAFLD subjects.

Methods
A total of 143 subjects including 51 NAFLD and 92 control subjects were included in this case–control study. HDL oxidative index (HOI) was determined spectrophotometrically using a cell-free method in the presence of a fluorescent substrate dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) plasma levels were assessed in both groups.

Results
The NAFLD patients with impaired HDL anti-oxidative function (HOI  ≥ 1) had higher MDA levels, aspartate amino transferase (AST), liver stiffness (LS), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) values compared to the controls. HDL oxidative index (HOI) was positively correlated with MDA levels and cIMT and negatively correlated with SOD activity.

Conclusions
Higher circulating levels of MDA were associated with the impaired anti-oxidative function of HDL in NAFLD. The impaired anti-oxidative capacity of HDL might be related to NAFLD severity and subclinical atherosclerosis in NAFLD patients.
Evaluating match running performance in elite Australian football: a narrative review
Authors: Wing Christopher , Hart Nicolas H. , Ma’ayah Fadi , Nosaka Kazunori 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDuring Australian football (AF) matches, players are subjected to high running loads, which are intermittent in nature. There is a growing body of research that highlights factors which can both positively and negatively affect this match running performance (e.g., the total distance travelled by a player during match-play). In order to appropriately evaluate these factors, a thorough search of MEDLINE, SportDiscus and Web of Science databases was performed, with a total of 17 manuscripts included within the final evaluation. The main findings from this review highlighted that match running performance is increased amongst those playing in midfield and half back/forward positions, in players with lower playing experience, as well as in matches against higher quality opponents, and in losing quarters. Additionally, a well-design interchange-rotation strategy may be able to positively affect match running performance. A decrease in match running performance was evident amongst more experienced players, during periods of acute fatigue (e.g., following periods of high intensity activity), during matches played in higher temperatures and matches with an increased number of stoppages. However, no effect of ground hardness or size, as well as responses to self-reported wellness questionnaires was found. Other factors such as finals series matches, pre-season training load and elements related to the schedule have been shown to have substantial conflicting results within the literature, increasing the difficulty in making generalisable conclusions to their effect on match running performance. Developing a thorough understanding of these factors which affect match running performance can aid practitioners and coaches to gain a greater understanding of a player’s performance as well as inform the development of strategies for its improvement.
Development, implementation and evaluation of the ‘BELIEVE’ program for improving physical activity among women: a mixed method action research study
Authors: Amiri-Farahani Leila , Parvizy Soroor , Mohammadi Eesa , Asadi-Lari Mohsen , Taghizadeh Ziba , Pezaro Sally 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is insufficient physical activity among women. Yet the implementation of effective, multilevel, and evidence-based interventions may address this. Since the lifestyle of individuals is formed in many different social, physical and cultural contexts, it will be necessary in designing such interventions to involve many stakeholders. Consequently, the present study took a mixed method action research approach in developing, implementing and evaluating a bespoke program to improve physical activity among women.MethodsThis study was conducted within the Khoramroudi neighborhood of Tehran between 2013 and 2015 utilizing the four main phases of action research. The Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) process was used to design the study. During the initial phase, participants were organized into three groups; a core support committee, a steering committee, and a study population. Qualitative and quantitative data were also collected during this first phase. During the second phase, interventions were developed and implemented. In the third phase, an evaluation was carried out using both quantitative (Designing a quasi-experimental study) and qualitative methods. During the fourth phase, an exploration of the structure and process of action research was completed with the aim of providing a conceptual model and descriptions of the context.ResultsThree strategic interventions were effective in improving physical activity among women: (1) utilization of sports assistants; (2) Local health promotion and the dissemination of an informational, motivational and culturally competent booklet entitled “Educational content for sport assistants" (3) Group-based cognitive behavioral therapy. Quantitative results [Significant difference between the total score of PA before the intervention, and 1 and 3 months after the intervention (P < 0.001)] and the results of qualitative evaluations were shown to improve physical activity among participants. The newly co-created “adjusted MAPP model” was offered within three action cycles. The structure of this was described to capture the impacts of interactions among a variety of stakeholders.ConclusionThe comprehensive identification of problems led to the development of collaborative strategies. Strategies of action research can positively affect physical activity among women. To improve physical activity outcomes more generally, the use of MAPP principles and strategies is suggested to meet the specific needs and strengths of all community members.
Criteria prioritization for the sustainable development of second-generation bioethanol in Thailand using the Delphi-AHP technique
Authors: Jusakulvijit Piradee , Bezama Alberto , Thrän Daniela 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe availability of underexploited agricultural residues in Thailand opens up the opportunity to supply second-generation bioethanol production. The national implementation of residues-to-biofuel can potentially boost the bioeconomy and greenhouse gas mitigation but requires the involvement of multiple stakeholders in the development of effective policy recommendations. This study aims to optimize the implementation of the national strategy through the use of a multi-criteria approach that involves participatory prioritization by current stakeholders in order to evaluate certain aspects and important indicators for second-generation bioethanol development.MethodsThe Delphi-AHP technique was used to analyze the degree of importance of different criteria. The evaluation process was conducted with various stakeholders and used a pairwise comparison of 4 dimensions (main criteria) and 12 indicators (sub-criteria). Participants were asked to rate factors related to technical feasibility, environmental impacts, economic feasibility and social impacts in terms of importance.ResultsBioethanol stakeholders in Thailand from five different sectors (industry/business, NPO/NGOs, the governmental sector, academic/research institutes and financial institutions/banks) participated in the Delphi survey. The 20 experts’ evaluation of the four dimensions ranked economic feasibility (32.7%) highest in terms of level of importance, followed by environmental impacts (25.1%), technical feasibility (24.9%) and social impacts (17.3%). When assessing the sub-criteria, the participants selected ‘final price per liter’, ‘added value of input materials’ and ‘net energy balance’ as the top three most important indicators among the 12 sub-criteria. In terms of a link between the preferred criteria and the participants’ expertise, the results encouraged taking different backgrounds and affiliations into account in the policy planning phase.ConclusionsThe stakeholder survey indicated the importance of economic aspects, highlighting the need to take governmental driven policy into consideration. However, implementation scenarios have to be embedded in a broader range of aspects because all the dimensions were rated as being highly impactful. For future sustainable bioenergy, the inclusion of stakeholders’ opinions can result in multifaceted scenarios that can be linked to social acceptance and benefits for all relevant players when developing policy recommendations for advanced bioenergy.
Antibiotic consumption in long-term care facilities in Poland and other European countries in 2017
Authors: Wojkowska-Mach Jadwiga , Brudło Michał , Topolski Mariusz , Bochenek Tomasz , Jachowicz Estera , Siewierska Małgorzata , Różańska Anna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this research study was to compare the situation concerning the use of microbiology testing, the epidemiology of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) and antimicrobial consumption (AMC) in Polish long-term care facilities (LTCFs) with other European countries, using the most recent findings available in the European databases. Furthermore, this study aimed to highlight several basic factors that contribute to the observable differences in AMC between countries participating in the HALT-3 study, especially the relationship with demographic indicators, as well as the health care resources utilization rates.

Patients and methods
The most recent HAIs in Long-Term care facilities Point Prevalence Survey (HALT PPS) was carried out in EU/EEA countries in 2016–2017, and in Poland it was carried out in April–June 2017 in 24 LTCFs. AMC data was collected with use of methodology of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system of the WHO.

Results
In total total in HALT-3 study on the day of the PPS, 5035 out of the 102,301 eligible residents received at least one antimicrobial agent, with prevalence of 4.9%, and in Poland 3.2%. The most common HAIs in the countries included into the study was urinary tract infection with relative frequency of 32%, in Poland it was skin infection, 30.4%. The respiratory tract infections, excluding pneumonia (PNU) were observed in 29.5% of residents in total, in Poland 17.4%, the prevalence rate of PNU were 1.4% and 5.4%, respectively. The lack of microbiological results of HAIs testing concerned the vast majority of all HAIs, 75.8% in total and 81.5% in Poland. The most frequently used antibacterial for systemic use were beta-lactams and the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial agent was ‘amoxicillin and enzyme inhibitor’. AMC was closely correlated with the age of the general population (65 years of age and more) and the availability of doctors in general population.

Conclusions
A significant problem observed in LTCFs was the empirical use of antibiotics and the scarcity of microbiological testing. In the studied Polish LTCFs, where the age of residents was low, also the AMC was found to be lower.
Human Milk output among mothers previously treated for severe acute malnutrition in childhood in Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Murhima’Alika Christine Chimanuka , Balemba Ghislain Maheshe , Lyabayungu Pacifique Mwene-Batu , Mulume’oderhwa Guy Mulinganya , Munthali Grace , Owino Victor , Tambwe Albert Mwembwo , Dramaix Michèle , Donnen Philippe , Balaluka Ghislain Bisimwa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Malnutrition is a public health problem, as wasting affects 7.5% of children worldwide. The harmful effects of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) can last a lifetime, but how SAM in childhood affects later breastfeeding ability is not clear. In the present study, we assessed the human milk output and body composition among mothers with a history of childhood SAM.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was carried out in Miti-Murhesa Health Zone (Democratic Republic of Congo) from January 15 to March 17, 2020. We selected lactating mothers with breastfed infants aged 2–12 months. Two categories of mothers were included: those who had been treated for SAM during their childhood (years 1988–2003; n = 39) and a community control with no history of SAM (n = 40). The weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) calculated as weight/height2. Body composition and human milk output were assessed using standard deuterium dilution methods. Student t and chi2 tests ware applied to compare two groups.

Results
The mean age ± standard deviation of the mothers was 24.4 ± 5.1 and 26.0 ± 6.1 years for the SAM and control groups, respectively (p = 0.186). The age of their infants was 5.4 ± 2.3 months in both groups (p = 0.962). In the SAM and control groups, the mean maternal BMI was 23.8 ± 2.3 and 23.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.849), mean Fat Mass 27.1% ± 5.0 and 27.1% ± 5.8% (p = 0.708), and the mean Fat Free mass 72.9% ± 5.0 and 72.9% ± 5.8% (p = 0.998), respectively. Human milk output was 833.7 ± 152.1 g/d in SAM group and 827.4 ± 171.4 g/d in the control group (p = 0.864).

Conclusions
We found no significant difference in human milk output and body composition in mothers treated for SAM during childhood compared to community controls.
How West African countries prioritize health
Authors: Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo , Alaran Aishat , Badmos Abubakar , Bamisaiye Adeola Oluwaseyi , Emmanuella Nzeribe , Etukakpan Alison Ubong , Oladunjoye Iyiola Olatunji , Oluwaseyifunmi Oladipo , Musa Shingin Kovona , Akinmuleya Temiwunmi , Olaoye Omotayo Carolyn , Olarewaju Obafemi Arinola , Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The goal of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is to ensure that everyone is able to obtain the health services they need without suffering financial hardship. UHC remains a mirage if government health expenditure is not improved. Health priority refers to general government health expenditure as a percentage of general government expenditure. It indicates the priority of the government to spend on healthcare from its domestic public resources. Our study aimed to assess health priorities in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) using the health priority index from the WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database.

Method
We extracted and analysed data on health priority in the WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database across the 15 members of the ECOWAS (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo) from 2010 to 2018 to assess how these countries prioritize health. The data are presented using descriptive statistics.

Results
Our findings revealed that no West African country beats the cutoff of a minimum of 15% health priority index. Ghana (8.43%), Carbo Verde (8.29%), and Burkina Faso (7.60%) were the top three countries with the highest average health priority index, while Guinea (3.05%), Liberia (3.46%), and Guinea-Bissau (3.56%) had the lowest average health priority in the West African region within the period of our analysis (2010 to 2018).

Conclusion
Our study reiterates the need for West African governments and other relevant stakeholders to prioritize health in their political agenda towards achieving UHC.
High-pressure study of thermodynamic parameters of diamond-type structured crystals using interatomic Morse potentials
Authors: Nguyen Duc Ba , Trinh Hiep Phi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, we have determined the mean square relative displacement, elastic constant, anharmonic effective potential, correlated function, local force constant, and other thermodynamic parameters of diamond-type structured crystals under high-pressure up to 14 GPa. The parameters are calculated through theoretical interatomic Morse potential parameters, by using the sublimation energy, the compressibility, and the lattice constant in the expanded X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum. Numerical results agree well with the experimental values and other theories.
Ein Austriazismus auf Erfolgskurs – geben als Basisverb der ziel-orientierten Objektsbewegung
Authors: Lenz Alexandra N. 
Published: October 2021

The article focuses on the German verb geben (lit. ‘to give’) functioning as a put verb, i. e. a basic verb of goal-oriented placement. While German has been classified as a put-less language in previous research, initial studies on the German language in Austria show that geben seems to be spreading increasingly as a basic put verb, starting from the language area of Vienna. The research desiderata of this thus far overlooked phenomenon include empirically substantiated findings on its areal-horizontal and vertical-social distribution in contemporary German. In order to close this research gap, the article draws on data from a survey throughout Austria. Therein, two different registers of the dialect/standardaxis of each participant were accessed in order to assess intra-individual variation on the lexical level.
Meißen oder Wien?
Authors: Sauer Verena 
Published: October 2021

The 18th century was marked by the dispute among scholars which German dialect landscapes should serve as models for the development of Hochdeutsch. In addition to the Upper Saxon variety, which was often mentioned as a prestige variety, also the so called ‘Maximilianische Kanzleisprache’ of the Viennese Court played an important role in the development of a superior German written language.
The aim of my paper is to reconstruct the historical concept Hochdeutsch by using a framesemantic approach. On the basis of a text corpus that includes 6 grammars of the 18th century, an individual text analysis of the prefaces is carried out. Therefore, I reconstruct explicit predications (so called “fillers” (Ziem 2014:243)) of the reference object Hochdeutsch and then derive the predication potential (so called “slots” (Ziem 2014:243)) of the historical frame Hochdeutsch.
The FMR1 Premutation Phenotype and Mother-Youth Synchrony in Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Moser Carly , Mattie Laura , Abbeduto Leonard , Klusek Jessica 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A subset of mothers who carry the FMR1 premutation may express a unique phenotype. The relationship between the FMR1 phenotype and mother-child interaction in families with fragile X-associated disorders has not been well characterized, despite the importance of high-quality mother-child interaction for child development. This study examined the association between the FMR1 phenotype and the quality of interactions between mothers and their adolescent/young adult sons with fragile X syndrome. Mother-youth synchrony was coded from a dyadic interaction. Maternal anxiety and depression symptoms, executive function deficits, and pragmatic language difficulties were evaluated. Results indicated that pragmatic language was associated with mother-youth synchrony. These findings highlight the importance of family-centered intervention practices for families with fragile X-associated disorders.
Algebraic cancellation of inter-channel cross talk in multiplexed heterodyne interferometry
Authors: Dey Anneshwa , Zhang Ya , Wong Justin , Sibley Paul G. , Bandutunga Chathura P. , Gray Malcolm B. , Chow Jong H. 
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the algebraic cancellation of residual phase cross talk in digitally enhanced heterodyne interferometry (DEHeI), a code division multiplexing technique for interferometric sensing. By using linear combinations of parallel decoding operations at multiple delays, we synthesize a zero correlation for spurious signals and remove phase cross talk: a method we call offset decoding. We experimentally demonstrate 70 dB of signal isolation and over 40 dB greater isolation than the equivalent standard implementation of DEHeI.
Deep-learning-assisted fiber Bragg grating interrogation by random speckles
Authors: Wang Tianliang , Li Yi , Tao Jinchao , Wang Xu , Qiu Yanqing , Mao Bangning , Chen Miaogen , Meng Yanlong , Zhao Chunliu , Kang Juan , Guo Yong , Shen Changyu 
Published: October 2021

Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have been widely employed as a sensor for temperature, vibration, strain, etc. measurements. However, extant methods for FBG interrogation still face challenges in the aspects of sensitivity, measurement speed, and cost. In this Letter, we introduced random speckles as the FBG’s reflection spectrum information carrier for demodulation. Instead of the commonly used InGaAs cameras, a quadrant detector (QD) was first utilized to record the speckle patterns in the experiments. Although the speckle images were severely compressed into four channel signals by the QD, the spectral features of the FBGs can still be precisely extracted with the assistance of a deep convolution neural network (CNN). The temperature and vibration experiments were demonstrated with a resolution of 1.2 pm. These results show that the new, to the best of our knowledge, speckle-based demodulation scheme can satisfy the requirements of both high-resolution and high-speed measurements, which should pave a new way for the optical fiber sensors.