bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Resources for Brassicaceae Pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. rapae
Authors: Asai Shuta , Ayukawa Yu , Gan Pamela , Shirasu Ken 
Published: July 2021

The soilborne filamentous fungus Fusarium oxysporum causes devastating diseases of many cultivated plant species. F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani and f. sp. rapae are two of four formae speciales that are pathogenic to Brassicaceae plants. Here, we present high-quality genome sequences of F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani strain Tf1262 and F. oxysporum f. sp. rapae strain Tf1208 that were isolated from radish (Raphanus sativus) and turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa), respectively. These genome resources should facilitate in-depth investigation of interactions between F. oxysporum and Brassicaceae plants, and enable comparative genomics of the F. oxysporum species complex to uncover how pathogenicity evolved within F. oxysporum. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Six De Novo Assemblies from Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
Authors: Fulton James C. , Brawner Jeremy T. , Huguet-Tapia Jose C. , Smith Katherine E. , Fernandez Randy , Dufault Nicholas S. 
Published: July 2021

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon), is a soilborne disease that significantly limits yield in watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus) and occasionally causes the loss of an entire year's harvest. Reference-quality de novo genomic assemblies of pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains were generated using a combination of next-generation and third-generation sequencing technologies. Chromosomal-level genomes were produced with representatives from three Fon races, facilitating comparative genomic analysis and the identification of chromosomal structural variation. Syntenic analysis between isolates allowed for differentiation of the core and lineage-specific portions of their genomes. This research will support future efforts to refine the scientific understanding of the molecular and genetic factors underpinning the Fon host range, develop diagnostic assays for each of the four races, and decipher the evolutionary history of race 3. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Mast cell activation syndrome: is anaphylaxis part of the phenotype? A systematic review
Authors: Sabato Vito , Michel Moïse , Blank Ulrich , Ebo Didier G. , Vitte Joana 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of review
Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) and anaphylaxis are the result of a spontaneous or triggered pathological degranulation of mast cells (MCs) and might have as substrate normal or pathological MCs (increased burden, aberrant MCs or both).

Recent findings
This review summarizes the most recent evidence on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated and non IgE-mediated mechanisms underlying MC activation and degranulation and highlights the importance of standardized diagnostic criteria for MCAS. Application of these criteria implies that in most cases the clinical presentation of MCAS meets the diagnostic criteria for anaphylaxis.

Summary
Integrating clinical parameters and diagnostic test recognition and underlying clonal MC disease are of utmost importance for a patient-tailored approach. Hereditary alpha-tryptasemia can be encountered in context of anaphylaxis, MCAS and primary MC disorders.
Outcomes of Patients With Parkinson Disease Undergoing Cervical Spine Surgery for Radiculopathy and Myelopathy With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Hollern Douglas A. , Shah Neil V. , Moattari Cameron R. , Lavian Joshua D. , Akil Samuel , Beyer George A. , Najjar Salem , Desai Rohan , Zuchelli Daniel M. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Passias Peter G. , Hilibrand Alan S. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie , Paulino Carl B. , Diebo Bassel G. 
Published: July 2021

Study Design:
This was a retrospective cohort analysis.

Objective:
To identify the impact of Parkinson disease (PD) on 2-year postoperative outcomes following cervical spine surgery (CSS).

Summary of Background Data:
(PD) patients are prone to spine malalignment and surgical interventions, yet little is known regarding outcomes of CSS among PD patients.

Materials and Methods:
All patients from the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System with cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy who underwent CSS were included; among these, those with PD were identified. PD and non-PD patients (n=64 each) were 1:1 propensity score-matched by age, sex, race, surgical approach, and Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index (DCCI). Demographics, hospital-related parameters, and adverse postoperative outcomes were compared between cohorts. Logistic regression identified predictive factors for outcomes.

Results:
Overall, patient demographics were comparable between cohorts, except that DCCI was higher in PD patients (1.28 vs. 0.67, P=0.028). PD patients had lengthier mean hospital stays than non-PD patients (6.4 vs. 4.1 d, P=0.046). PD patients also incurred comparable total hospital expenses ($69,565 vs. $57,388, P=0.248). Individual medical complication rates were comparable between cohorts; though PD patients had higher rates of postoperative altered mental status (4.7% vs. 0%, P=0.08) and acute renal failure (10.9% vs. 3.1%, P=0.084), these differences were not significant. Yet, PD patients experienced higher rates of overall medical complications (35.9% vs. 18.8%, P=0.029). PD patients had comparable rates of individual and overall surgical complications. The PD cohort underwent higher reoperation rates (15.6% vs. 7.8%, P=0.169) compared with non-PD patients, though this difference was not significant. Of note, PD was not a significant predictor of overall 2-year complications (odds ratio=1.57, P=0.268) or reoperations (odds ratio=2.03, P=0.251).

Conclusion:
Overall medical complication rates were higher in patients with PD, while individual medical complications as well as surgical complication and reoperation rates after elective CSS were similar in patients with and without PD, though PD patients required longer hospital stays. Importantly, a baseline diagnosis of PD was not significantly associated with adverse two-year medical and surgical complications. This data may improve counseling and risk-stratification for PD patients before CSS.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Radioscapholunate Arthrodesis and Distal Radioulnar Joint Arthroplasty for Rheumatoid Wrist Arthritis: A Surgical Technique
Authors: Samade Richard , Adapa Nikhil , Roebke Austin J. , Awan Hisham M. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
We describe the treatment of rheumatoid radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) arthritis with radioscapholunate (RSL) arthrodesis and DRUJ arthroplasty in 2 patients with 2 years follow-up. The RSL arthrodesis utilizes nitinol staples and local distal radius autograft to fuse the scaphoid and lunate to the distal radius.

Materials and Methods:
One patient was treated in their nondominant extremity, and the other patient had bilateral procedures. A constrained endoprosthesis was used for the DRUJ arthroplasty portion, using the same dorsal approach to the wrist as the RSL arthrodesis.

Results:
Before his procedures, this first patient-reported a Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score of 66, which improved to 16 at 2 years postoperatively. He also reported a Visual Analog Scale score of 6/10 at rest in both wrists preoperatively. Following his procedures, Visual Analog Scale scores improved to 3/10 in the right wrist and 0/10 in the left wrist. Active wrist range of motion was measured to be a 60-degree arc on the right and a 47-degree arc on the left. Our second patient reported an improved QuickDASH score from 97 preoperatively to 68 at 2 years postoperatively and had a 70-degree arc of left wrist range of motion. No postoperative complications or reoperations were encountered in the cases.

Discussion:
The benefit of this technique is to allow simultaneous treatment of radiocarpal joint arthritis with RSL arthrodesis, permitting wrist flexion and extension through the midcarpal joints, and DRUJ arthritis with DRUJ arthroplasty, preserving pronation and supination.
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: short review of the literature, results of a European survey and French guidelines of the LOC network for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up
Authors: Malaise Denis , Houillier Caroline , Touitou Valérie , Choquet Sylvain , Maloum Karim , Le Garff-Tavernier Magali , Davi Frédéric , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Feuvret Loïc , Hoang-Xuan Khê , Cassoux Nathalie , Soussain Carole 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of review
The aim of this study was to highlight the diagnostic and management challenges of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) through a review of the literature and a European survey on real-life practices for PVRL.

Recent findings
The care of PVRL patients is heterogeneous between specialists and countries. Upfront systemic treatment based on high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy, with or without local treatment, might reduce or delay the risk of brain relapse.
Ibrutinib, lenalidomide with or without rituximab, and temozolomide are effective for patients with relapsed/refractory PVRL and should be tested as first-line treatments.

Summary
The prognosis of PVRL remains dismal. No firm conclusion regarding optimal treatment can yet be drawn. The risk of brain relapse remains high. Diagnostic procedures and assessment of therapeutic responses need to be homogenized. Collaboration between specialists involved in PVRL and multicentric prospective therapeutic studies are strongly needed. The recommendations of the French group for primary oculocerebral lymphoma (LOC network) are provided, as a basis for further European collaborative work.
Index-based dietary patterns and stomach cancer in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhu Yuhui , Jeong Somee , Wu Ming , Zhou Jin-Yi , Jin Zi-Yi , Han Ren-Qiang , Yang Jie , Zhang Xiao-Feng , Wang Xu-Shan , Liu Ai-Ming , Gu Xiao-ping , Su Ming , Hu Xu , Sun Zheng , Li Gang , Yon Jung Su , Li Liming , Mu Lina , Lu Qing-Yi , La Vecchia Carlo , Zhao Jin-Kou , Zhang Zuo-Feng 
Published: July 2021

Objectives
Dietary factors are of importance in the development of stomach cancer. This study aims to examine index-based dietary patterns associated with stomach cancer in a Chinese population.

Methods
Using data from a population-based case-control study conducted in Jiangsu Province, China, we included a total of 8432 participants (1900 stomach cancer cases and 6532 controls). Dietary data collected by food frequency questionnaire was evaluated by modified Chinese Healthy Eating Index-2016 (mCHEI-2016) and the US Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). Multiple logistic regression analyses were applied to examine the association of mCHEI-2016 and HEI-2015 with stomach cancer while adjusting for potential confounders. The possible interactions between mCHEI-2016 or HEI-2015 and established risk factors were explored.

Results
Among nonproxy interviews, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, a higher score of sodium, reflecting lower intake per day, was inversely associated with stomach cancer [odds ratio (OR), 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–0.99 for mCHEI-2016; OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99 for HEI-2015]. No clear associations with stomach cancer were identified for total scores of HEI-2015 (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.87–1.10 with a 10-point increase, P trend = 0.98) and mCHEI-2016 (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.94–1.17 with a 10-point increase, P trend = 0.22). However, the relation between stomach cancer and the mCHEI-2016 was modified by BMI, with a possible inverse association in normal-weight subjects.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight that reduced intake of dietary sodium would prevent the development of stomach cancer. The data indicate a heterogeneity between normal weight and overweight’s dietary factors in relation to stomach cancer.
Maternal Diaphragmatic Hernia Correction During Pregnancy
Authors: Barona-Wiedmann Juan Sebastián , Velásquez Mauricio , Franco Maria Josefa , Muñoz Henry , Nieto-Calvache Albaro José 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia consists of a defect in the embryonic development of the diaphragm that allows the passage of the abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, its diagnosis during pregnancy is quite rare. We present the case of a 31-year-old woman, with 23 weeks of gestation, who consulted for epigastric pain, nausea, and repetitive emetic episodes, without improvement with the medication provided. Due to the intense abdominal pain, a computed tomography of the abdomen and thorax was performed where the 28 mm defect was found at the left diaphragmatic level with protrusion of the gastric fundus to the thoracic cavity. She was taken to surgical management by laparoscopy with abdominal and thoracic approach, with a successful result and without maternal perinatal complications. Although the integrity of the diaphragmatic suture could be feared in relation to the increase in intraabdominal pressure due to uterine growth, the evolution of our patient and previous reports show that postoperative complications are not frequent. Successful vaginal delivery has even been described in some reports. Diaphragmatic hernias diagnosed during pregnancy are quite rare. We suggest that the optimal management of them during pregnancy is immediate surgical correction in case of persistent symptoms, more studies are needed to establish firm recommendations on the management of this pathology.
ACCELERATED PROGRESSION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN A PATIENT WITH ACQUIRED LIPODYSTROPHY AFTER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Haruta Masatoshi , Iwata Kensaku , Yoshida Shigeo 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To report a case of bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy and lipemia retinalis in a patient with acquired lipodystrophy.

Methods:
A retrospective case report.

Results:
A 23-year-old woman with a diagnosis of acquired lipodystrophy was referred for ophthalmic evaluation. She had been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia at the age of 3 years and undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes; however, funduscopy revealed bilateral diabetic retinopathy and lipemia retinalis, neither of which was apparent 2 years earlier. She had a glycated hemoglobin level of 9.6% and a triglyceride level of 7,394 mg/dL with creamy appearance of serum. Fluorescein angiography showed bilateral neovascularization.

Conclusion:
Accelerated progression of diabetic retinopathy in this case seemed to be associated with the onset of lipemia retinalis. We encourage continued ophthalmologic monitoring of patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in childhood for possible accelerated course of diabetic retinopathy.
MULTIPLE-SESSION SUBTHRESHOLD MICROPULSE LASER THERAPY FOR EXUDATIVE PERIFOVEAL VASCULAR ANOMALOUS COMPLEX: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Kang Yong Koo , Park Han Sang 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To report a case of exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex treated with a 532-nm subthreshold micropulse laser unresponsive to intravitreal injections.

Methods:
A case report.

Results:
A 65-year-old woman presented with blurred vision in the left eye for 1 month. An isolated perifoveal aneurysm surrounded by retinal hemorrhages and hard exudates was revealed in fundus examination, and optical coherent tomography showed a round lesion with a hyperreflective wall, subretinal fluid, and an intraretinal cyst. She was diagnosed with exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex and received four intravitreal injections. However, her best-corrected visual acuity decreased, and an aneurysmal lesion with macular edema persisted for approximately 6 months. Three sessions of 532-nm subthreshold micropulse laser therapy around the aneurysm were applied because the intravitreal injection treatment was ineffective. Since the last session, macular edema disappeared, the involuted lesion remained substantially stable without recurrence, and her best-corrected visual acuity improved without visual field defect.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the first report of a successful subthreshold micropulse laser treatment for an exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex lesion, and it could be a safe and effective method for the patient unresponsive to intravitreal injections.
Growth and Metabolic Changes After Antiretroviral Initiation in South African Children
Authors: Masi-Leone Michela , Arpadi Stephen , Teasdale Chloe , Yuengling Katharine A. , Mutiti Anthony , Mogashoa Mary , Rivadeneira Emilia D. , Abrams Elaine J. , Jao Jennifer 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Poor growth and metabolic disturbances remain concerns for children living with HIV (CLHIV). We describe the impact of viral load (VL) on growth and lipid outcomes in South African CLHIV <12 years initiating World Health Organization recommended first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) from 2012 to 2015.

Methods:

Z scores for length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and body mass index-for-age were calculated. Lipids (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein) were measured. Hemoglobin A1C ≥5.8 was defined as at risk for type 2 diabetes. Mixed effects models were used to assess the association of VL at ART initiation with Z scores and lipids over time.

Results:
Of 241 CLHIV, 151 (63%) were <3 years initiating LPV/r-based ART and 90 (37%) were ≥3 years initiating EFV-based ART. Among CLHIV <3 years, higher VL at ART initiation was associated with lower mean LAZ (ß: −0.30, P=0.03), WAZ (ß: −0.32, P=0.01) and low-density lipoprotein (ß: −6.45, P=0.03) over time. Among CLHIV ≥3, a log 10 increase in pretreatment VL was associated with lower mean LAZ (ß: −0.29, P=0.07) trending towards significance and lower WAZ (ß: −0.32, P=0.05) as well as with more rapid increases in LAZ (ß: 0.14 per year, P=0.01) and WAZ (ß: 0.19 per year, P=0.04). Thirty percent of CLHIV were at risk for type 2 diabetes at ART initiation.

Conclusions:
CLHIV initiating ART <3 years exhibited positive gains in growth and lipids, though high viremia at ART initiation was associated with persistently low growth and lipids, underscoring the need for early diagnosis and rapid treatment initiation. Future studies assessing the long-term cardiometabolic impact of these findings are warranted.
Blood Perfusion of Human Upper Eyelid Skin Flaps Is Better in Myocutaneous than in Cutaneous Flaps
Authors: Berggren Johanna V. , Tenland Kajsa , Bunke Josefine , Albinsson John , Hult Jenny , Merdasa Aboma , Sheikh Rafi , Lindstedt Sandra , Malmsjö Malin 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The aim of this study was to monitor blood perfusion in human upper eyelid skin flaps and examine how the perfusion is affected by the thickness of the flap.

Methods:
Twenty upper eyelids were dissected as part of a blepharoplasty procedure in patients. The medial end of the blepharoplasty flap remained attached to mimic a flap design often used in reconstruction in the periocular area, a myocutaneous flap in which the blood supply follows the fibers of the orbicularis muscle and is thus parallel to the long axis of the flap. The muscle was thereafter dissected from the flap to create a cutaneous flap. Blood perfusion in the 2 types of flaps was compared using laser speckle contrast imaging.

Results:
Blood perfusion decreased gradually from the base to the tip of all the flaps. Perfusion was significantly higher in the myocutaneous flaps than in the cutaneous flaps (p < 0.0004): 69% in the myocutaneous flaps and 43% in the cutaneous flaps, measured 5 mm from the base. Blood perfusion was preserved to a greater extent distally in the myocutaneous flaps (minimum value seen at 25 mm) than in the cutaneous flaps (minimum seen at 11 mm).

Conclusions:
Blood perfusion was better preserved in myocutaneous flaps, including both skin and the orbicularis oculi muscle, than in cutaneous flaps. This may be of clinical interest in patients with poor microcirculation in which a long flap is required for reconstructive surgery.
“Every One of Us Is a Strand in That Basket”: Weaving Together Stories of Indigenous Wellness and Resilience From the Perspective of Those With Lived and Living Experience With HIV/Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Heidebrecht Luke , Iyer Subhashini , Laframboise Sandy Leo , Madampage Claudia , King Alexandra 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article primarily focuses on the stories shared by Indigenous women with living and/or lived experiences of HIV/hepatitis C virus from the Vancouver Downtown East Side who attended the “Awakening our Wisdom” retreat. Weaving together the story of an Indigenous approach to research that informed the design of the retreat and the findings that emerged, a basket is formed that highlights the ways settler-colonialism within Canada has produced a system of health care that has neglected the Indigenous experience. The emerging themes of Connection, Disconnection, and Reconnection offers teachings for Indigenous journeys of resilience and wellness for those living with HIV/hepatitis C virus. These findings may help health care practitioners identify health care places and spaces that are in need of decolonization and offer, from an Indigenous perspective, the next steps forward for a health care system that promotes Indigenous engagement and retention in care.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Jaber Tania , Dadu Ramona , Hu Mimi I. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of review
To summarize recent developments in the diagnosis and management of patients with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), with a focus on pathogenesis, systemic therapy, and future directions.

Recent findings
The addition of mutational analysis to cytological assessment of thyroid nodules has improved the diagnostic accuracy of MTC. The discovery of new genomic alterations and overexpression of certain factors allows for improved prognostication in MTC and provides potentially new therapeutic agents. New data suggest that tumor environment may be more immunogenic than previously thought in a subset of MTCs with identification of a new MTC-specific antigen leading to a revival of investigating immune-based therapy for this disease. The newly approved selective rearranged during transfection (RET0-inhibitors, selpercatinib and pralsetinib, offer promising results, and tolerability for patients with RET-mutated MTC; however, the development of resistance mechanisms may be problematic.

Summary
MTC has witnessed remarkable advancements in recent years. Our new understanding of some of the driver mutations in MTC allows for therapeutics with more tolerable adverse event profiles. However, there is still a need for more effective treatment strategies for subsets of patients without actionable mutations and for those who develop resistance to currently available therapies.