bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black Americans demonstrate comparatively low levels of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Owens Victoria , Saw Htay-Wah 
Published: June 2021

Introduction
During public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic, populations can experience worsening mental health. Prior reports have suggested that Black Americans experienced lower rates of anxiety and depression than White Americans before the pandemic; however, during the pandemic, outcomes may be different as Black Americans have been disproportionately affected in terms of mortality, hospitalization, COVID-19 infection, and job loss. We documented the differential mental health impact of COVID-19 on Black and Non-Black Americans.

Methods
We analyzed nationally representative longitudinal data from the Understanding America Study COVID-19 Tracking Survey spanning March through November of 2020 to assess differences over time in prevalence of anxiety and depression between Black and non-Black Americans.

Results
We found that Black Americans were significantly less likely to report symptoms for anxiety, depression, or both during the pandemic. In a given month between March through November of 2020, the odds of Black Americans reporting such symptoms was on average about half that of Non-Black Americans. We also found that in September 2020, the gap in reporting symptoms for depression began to widen gradually. Specifically, since that time, prevalence of depression remained stable among non-Black Americans while it declined gradually among Black Americans. Our main results were robust to adjusting for demographics, risk perceptions, and baseline pre-pandemic mental health status.

Conclusions
Black Americans maintained significantly better mental health than Non-Black Americans despite their struggle against economic, health, and racial inequalities during the pandemic. We discuss the significance and implications of our results and identify opportunities for future research.
Antirheumatic therapy is not associated with changes in circulating N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with autoimmune arthritis
Authors: Nguyen Thao H. P. , Fagerland Morten Wang , Deyab Gia , Hjeltnes Gunnbjørg , Hollan Ivana , Feinberg Mark W. , Eilertsen Gro Ø , Mikkelsen Knut , Agewall Stefan 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundPatients with autoimmune arthritis (AA) are at increased risk for impaired cardiac function and heart failure. This may be partly due to the effect of inflammation in heart function. The impact of antirheumatic drugs on cardiac dysfunction in AA remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to examine effects of antirheumatic treatment on serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in AA patients and its relationship to inflammatory markers.MethodsWe examined 115 patients with AA (64 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 31 psoriatic arthritis and 20 ankylosis spondylitis) starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) with or without MTX co-medication. NT-proBNP (measured in serum by ECLIA from Roche Diagnostics), and other clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated at baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 months of treatment.ResultsNT-proBNP levels did not change significantly after 6 weeks and 6 months of antirheumatic therapy (pbaseline-6weeks= 0.939; pbaseline-6months= 0.485), although there was a modest improvement from 6 weeks to 6 months in the MTX only treatment group (median difference = -18.2 [95% CI = -32.3 to -4.06], p = 0.013). There was no difference in the effects of MTX monotherapy and TNFi regimen on NT-proBNP levels. The changes in NT-proBNP after antirheumatic treatment positively correlated with changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Baseline NT-proBNP levels were related to baseline CRP and ESR levels, and some other established markers of disease activities in crude analyses.ConclusionCirculating levels of NT-proBNP were related to established inflammatory markers at baseline, and the changes in NT-proBNP after antirheumatic treatment were positively related to these markers. Nevertheless, antirheumatic therapy did not seem to affect NT-proBNP levels compared to baseline, even though inflammatory markers significantly improved.
A deep learning approach to student registered nurse anesthetist (SRNA) education
Authors: Walker Julia K. L. , Richard-Eaglin Angela , Hegde Akhil , Muckler Virginia C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis manuscript describes the application of deep learning to physiology education of Student Registered Nurse Anesthetists (SRNA) and the benefits thereof. A strong foundation in physiology and the ability to apply this knowledge to challenging clinical situations is crucial to the successful SRNA. Deep learning, a well-studied pedagogical technique, facilitates development and long-term retention of a mental knowledge framework that can be applied to complex problems. Deep learning requires the educator to facilitate the development of critical thinking and students to actively learn and take responsibility for gaining knowledge and skills.MethodsWe applied the deep learning approach, including flipped classroom and problem-based learning, and surveyed SRNA students (n=127) about their learning experience.ResultsSurvey responses showed that the majority of students favored the deep learning approach and thought it advanced their critical thinking skills.ConclusionsSRNAs reported that their physiology knowledge base and critical thinking benefited from the use of the deep learning strategy.
Carbon nanostructure-based superhydrophobic surfaces and coatings
Authors: Saji Viswanathan S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Research and development on superhydrophobic carbon nanostructures and their nanocomposites have high industrial significance. Here, a comprehensive review of the topic is provided. Reported works on superhydrophobic surfaces and coatings of carbon nanotubes, nanofibres, nanospheres/nanothorns/others, nanodiamond, fullerene and their various nanocomposites with metals, ceramics, and polymers are described. Superhydrophobic nanostructured carbon soot, graphitic carbon, and others are also presented. The section on superhydrophobic graphene is presented concisely at the end. Reports in different application areas, including anti-corrosion, anti-icing, oil separation, anti-biofouling, and sensors, are discussed separately. Superoleophobic and superamphiphobic surfaces are also discussed.
Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration in der Kommissionierung
Authors: Zhang Minqi , Semar Thomas , Grosse Eric H. , Winkelhaus Sven , Glock Christoph H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Die Kommissionierung weist in den meisten Unternehmen einen hohen Anteil an manueller Arbeit auf und ist sehr zeit- und kostenintensiv sowie fehleranfällig. Um diesen Prozess zu automatisieren, wurden autonome Roboter entwickelt. Eine modularisierte Lösung stellt die kollaborative Kommissionierung dar, welche die Vorteile der manuellen und robotergestützten Kommissionierung kombiniert. Dieser Beitrag systematisiert die kollaborative Kommissionierung und entwickelt ein Simulationsmodell, um deren Potenziale herauszustellen.
Optimization of Test Conditions for Evaluating Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of High-Strength Steel for Prestressed Concrete Poles
Authors: Watanabe Masamitsu , Fujimoto Norihiro , Takeuchi Yosuke , Sawada Takashi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We optimized the test conditions for evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of High-strength steel used in prestressed concrete. Through experiments, we clarified the effects of an applied potential and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) concentration on hydrogen content. An applied potential of −1.0 V versus Ag-AgCl Electrode (SSE) and an NH4SCN concentration of 1.0 wt. % were optimal for the test. We also determined the dimensions of the test cell and test temperature. Experiments in which we soaked different lengths of specimens and changed the solution volume to specimen area ratio led us to design a test cell with a soaking length of 15 cm and an inner diameter of 8 cm. A test temperature of 50°C was chosen for acceleration of hydrogen embrittlement.
Performance Evaluation of Lime, Cement and Alkali-Activated Binder in Fiber-Reinforced Expansive Subgrade Soil: A Comparative Study
Authors: Syed Mazhar , GuhaRay Anasua , Garg Ankit 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Expansive subgrade soils show early distresses causing distortion and premature failure to pavement structures. In the present study, an attempt is made to enhance the subgrade strength characteristics of the expansive soil by treatment with an alkali-activated binder (AAB) and reinforcement with four types of fibers (polypropylene [PF], glass, hemp, and coir fiber [CF]). The research also compares the effectiveness of fiber reinforcement in geopolymerized alkaline soil with the traditional lime and cement binders. AAB is produced by the reaction in an alkaline activator of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide with aluminosilicate precursors (Class-F fly ash and slag) by maintaining a 0.4 water-to-solid ratio. The effect of varying dosages of fibers and slag/fly ash ratio in the alkaline, lime, and cemented soil mixture on unconfined compressive strength (UCS), split tensile strength (STS), and flexural and penetration resistance is evaluated through a series of geomechanical and microstructural characterization tests. California bearing ratio (CBR) and flexural strength (Sf) are chosen as a subgrade strength performance indicator for fiber-reinforced soil. It is observed that PF-AAB soil shows higher interfacial bonding with strong interlocking density and tensile cracking resistance. The combined inclusion of fiber reinforcement (&gt; 0.5 %) with 0.66 slags/fly ash ratio (S40 F60) in the alkaline mixture increased the subgrade strength performance indicator (flexural and elasticity) by around 35 %–40 % over the lime-cement soil-fiber mixture. The corresponding CBR, UCS, and STS values were also found to have increased by 55 %–65 %. Furthermore, the uncertainties associated with subgrade strength failure are predicted in the form of the CBR reliability index using Monte Carlo simulation through a nonlinear regression model developed from experimental results. The study shows that the optimum dosages of fiber reinforcement and slag/fly ash are essential factors for regulating the volumetric instability and tensile cracks of expansive soil.
İş tatmini ile tükenmişlik ilişkisi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması
Authors: Erdoğan Pınar 
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye coğrafyasında faaliyet gösteren örgüt çalışanlarında tükenmişlik ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişkinin incelendiği çalışmaların toplam etkisini meta-analiz yöntemiyle belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Ocak 2010 ve Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında tükenmişlik ile iş tatmini ve tükenmişlik ile iş doyumu konularını ele alan tez ve makalelerden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Meta-Analiz çalışmasına tükenmişlik ve iş tatmini (iş doyumu) ilişkisini araştıran ve korelasyon verilerini kullanarak etki büyüklüğünü hesaplamak için gereken korelasyon (Pearson) katsayısı ve örneklem sayısı bulunan 72 çalışma sonucu dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma analizleri CMA 3.0 programı aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Yayın yanlılığı, Huni Grafiği, Begg ve Mazumdar Testi ve Hata Koruma Sayısı N istatistiği ile incelenmiştir. Etki büyüklükleri korelasyon verilerini kullanarak hesaplanmış, sonuçlar Cohen d etki büyüklüklerine göre yorumlanmıştır. Rassal etki modeli analiz sonuçlarına göre tükenmişlik ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişki orta düzeydedir (EB= -0,457, p <0,005). Araştırmaya dahil edilen çalışmaların örneklem çeşidi, çalışma bölgesi ve çalışma yıl aralığı değişkenlerinin tükenmişlik ve iş tatmini ilişkisinde moderatör rolü bulunmamaktadır.
Phaeochromocytomas overexpress insulin transcript and produce insulin
Authors: Følling Ivar , Wennerstrøm Anna B , Eide Tor J , Nilsen Hilde Loge 
Published: June 2021

Introduction
Phaeochromocytomas are tumours originating in the medulla of the adrenal gland. They produce catecholamines, and some tumours also produce ectopic hormones. Two types of glucose imbalances occur in phaeochromocytoma patients, hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemic attacks. Therefore, we tested whether insulin transcript (INS), insulin, and a hybrid read-through transcript between exons from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 2 (INS-IGF2) were expressed in phaeochromocytomas.

Methods
We measured the expression of insulin using immunohistochemistry. The expression of INS-IGF2 was determined by qRT-PCR in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue from 20 phaeochromocytomas. The expression of INS and INS-IGF2 transcriptswas also analysed in 182 phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas using publicly available datasets in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Database.

Results
Of 20 phaeochromocytomas, 16 stained positive for insulin. The distribution of positive cells was mostly scattered, with some focal expression indicating clonal expansion. Nineteen tumours expressed high levels of INS and INS-IGF2 transcripts. The expression of the two transcripts corresponded closely. In the TCGA dataset, phaeochromocytoma expresses higher levels of INS and INS-IGF2 transcripts compared to the normal non-tumour adrenal glands. Thus, the expression of INS and INS-IGF2 seems to be a general phenomenon in phaeochromocytoma.

Conclusion
Most phaeochromocytomas contain cells that overexpress INS and INS-IGF2 transcripts. Most tumours also display heterogeneous expression of polypeptides immunoreactive to monoclonal anti-insulin antibodies. Clinically this may relate to both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemic attacks seen in patients with phaeochromocytoma as well as autocrine tumour growth.
A bizánci szónok: Michaél Psellos
Authors: Farkas Zoltan 
Published: June 2021

Egy epigramma (poem. 86 Westerink), egy szentéletrajz (Vita Auxentii) és a kortörténet (Chronographia) néhány szemelvényének elemzésével a tanulmány azt mutatja be, hogy a szónoki képzés során oktatott beszédgyakorlatok (összehasonlítás, jellemábrázolás, leírás) hogyan jelennek meg a bizánci szónok, Michaél Psellos irodalmi műveiben, akinek történetírását különösen a korban fokozatosan átalakuló műfajban, a kortörténetben alkalmazott jellemrajzok teszik egyedivé.
Analysing an epigram (poem. 86 Westerink) and passages from the Life of St Auxentius and Chronographia the paper focuses on how the rhetorical exercises (comparison, personification, description) used in the course of oratorical studies appear in the literary works of the Byzantine writer, Michael Psellus. It is the device of characterization applied in the gradually developing genre of historia what makes Psellus’ opus magnum, an account of contemporary Byzantine history, truly unique.
Klasszikus és új motívumok egy bizánci regényben
Authors: L. Delbó Katalin 
Published: June 2021

A tanulmányban Nikétas Eugenianos, XII. századi bizánci író Drosilla és Chariklés című regényének motívumkincsével foglalkozom. Az elemzés első részében a klasszikus, hellénisztikus regényekből örökölt motívumokat mutatom be, és megvizsgálom, hogy azok hol és hogyan tűnnek fel Eugenianos művében. A második részben a Drosilla és Chariklés költői motívumrendszerét elemzem, középpontban a fényesség-sötétség, kő (kőszívűség) és harmat (δρόσος) motívumokkal. A vizsgálat során arra a következtetésre juthatunk, hogy a szerző a motívumok formálásánál rendkívül tudatosan járt el, és hogy a regényműfaj tekintetében újnak tekinthető motívumok jól ismertek az ókori görög költészetből – azaz Eugenianos az újításaihoz is az irodalmi hagyományból merített.
The subject of the study is with the motifs of the twelfth-century Byzantine novel Drosilla and Charicles by Nicetas Eugenianos. In the ﬁrst part of this paper, I present traditional literary motifs inherited from Hellenistic novels and analyze where and how they appear in Drosilla and Charicles. In the second part, I examine the poetic motifs of Eugenianos’s romance with a focus on the motifs of brightness-darkness, stone (stone-heart) and dew (δρόσος). In the course of the study, it became clear, that the writer is extremely conscious of working with classical motifs, and we can conclude too, that the new motifs of this romance are well known from ancient Greek poetry.
High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method development and validation for determination of doxycycline hyclate in capsule and tablet formulations
Authors: Kumssa Lensi , Layloff Thomas , Hymete Ariaya , Ashenef Ayenew 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
According to World Health Organization (WHO) 10% of the medicines in the Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) are of poor quality posing a major public health threat. One way to circumvent such problem is the development and deployment of rapid, economical and efficient analytical methods. Hence this research aims to develop a High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method for the determination of doxycycline hyclate. A rapid and simple HPTLC method with densitometry detection at 360 nm to determine doxycycline hyclate in capsules and tablet formulations was developed and validated. HPTLC was performed on glass plates coated with C18 reverse phase silica gel 60 F254 and pretreated with 0.27 M ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA) solution. The mobile phase was dichloromethane: methanol: acetonitrile: 1% aqueous ammonia in the ratio of 10:22:53:15 (v/v). The linearity range lies between 200 and 1,000 ng/spot with correlation coefficient of 0.997. The Rf value is 0.5 ± 0.02%. Recoveries were in the range of 94.50–100.5%. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation values for doxycycline hyclate were 40 and 160 ng/spot respectively. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Thus, it was found to be accurate, precise, specific and robust. In forced degradation study, doxycycline hyclate was found to degrade in acidic and alkaline media, and through oxidative stress. The drug was found to be relatively stable to heat and photo degradation. The method was successfully applied for the routine quantitative analysis of dosage forms containing doxycycline hyclate. The developed method offered comparable results (as confirmed by F-test) with that of the HPLC pharmacopoeial (BP) analysis method.
Reframing market-orientation: A comparative study of the market orientation concept in the subcultures of university employees
Authors: Chandler Nick , Heidrich Balázs , Szászvári Karina , Kása Richárd 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In a higher education institution, perceptions and values are split due to the emergence of subcultures, and market orientation is split into competitive, customer (student) and interfunctional orientation. This study seeks to shed light on the concept of market orientation in this context through a comparison of perceptions and values of market orientation in subcultures in a higher education institution in Hungary and consider avenues for potential best practice. Through a mixed method approach, subcultures are identified and are found to exhibit a combination of overlapping and disparate market-oriented values and perceptions. Market orientation is found to be a continuum and affected by an array of latent variables, such as level of support (institutional and collegial), attitudes to performance appraisal and extent of external focus. Management must tailor the initial message of a market orientation strategy to the shared values at the organizational level, and then adjust the message and incentives to each subculture. In this way, management can create an atmosphere of cohesion, whilst addressing diversity in subcultures.
Differentiation of Physical Loads in Female Students of Different Motor Ages
Authors: Doroshenko Eduard , Hurieieva Antonina , Symonik Anastasiia , Chernenko Olena , Chernenko Andrii , Serdyuk Dmytro , Svatiev Andrii , Tsarenko Kateryna 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To develop and evaluate the impact of a program of sectional recreational aerobics classes, taking into account the differentiation of physical loads in female students of different motor ages.
Materials and Methods. Participants: In the ascertaining experiment, 145 second-year female students were examined, in the formative experiment – 42 female students.
The following indicators were measured: biological age (years) using V. P. Voitenko’s method (1991), motor age (years) and the general level of physical conditions (points), heart rate (bpm), heart rate recovery time after 20 squats in 30 s (min, s), the level of physical health (points), physical activity index (c. u.), the level of general physical working capacity (PWC170, kgm ∙ min-1); VO2 max (ml ∙ kg ∙ min-1) – maximal oxygen consumption. The level of motor qualities development: 2,000 m run (min, s), 4×9 m shuttle run (s), standing long jump (cm), sit-ups in 1 min (times), push-ups (times), seated forward bend (cm).
Results. The study developed and tested an experimental program of recreational aerobics classes, taking into account a differentiated approach to dosing physical loads in female students of different motor ages. Data factorization revealed a rational combination of means for developing motor qualities: strength endurance – 15.88%, dynamic strength – 12.86%, speed and strength endurance – 8.72%, static endurance – 17.87%, flexibility – 12.69%, speed abilities – 14.66%, and coordination abilities – 17.32%. The study found a moderate negative correlation between motor age and the level of physical health (r = -0.68 at p < 0.01). Three levels of motor age with respect to the levels of physical health were identified.
Conclusions. Taking into account female students’ motor age during recreational aerobics classes ensures optimal motor activity and increases the level of physical fitness.
Bit Rosie: A Case Study in Transforming Web-Based Multimedia Research into Digital Archives
Authors: Fournet Adele 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
This article is a case study in transforming web-based multimedia research initiatives into digital institutional archives to safeguard against the unstable nature of the Internet as a long-term historical medium. The study examines the Bit Rosie digital archives at the New York University Fales Library, which was created as a collaboration between a doctoral researcher in ethnomusicology and the head music librarian at the Avery Fisher Center for Music and Media. The article analyzes how the Bit Rosie archives implements elements of both feminist and activist archival practice in a born-digital context to integrate overlooked women music producers into the archives of the recorded music industry. The case study illustrates how collaboration between cultural creators, researchers, and archivists can give legitimacy and longevity to projects and voices of cultural resistance in the internet era. To conclude, the article suggests that more researchers and university libraries can use this case study as a model in setting up institutional archival homes for the increasing number of multimedia initiatives and projects blossoming throughout the humanities and social sciences.
Surveying as Unsettlement: The Protocols Alignment Survey at the University of Nevada, Reno
Authors: Anderson Kimberly , Maddox Jessica 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes a collections survey project undertaken by the staff of the University Libraries' Special Collections and University Archives Department at the University of Nevada, Reno, to begin the archives' alignment with the Protocols for Native American Archival Materials. The method devised to survey the collection is assessed for its validity and potential application to further survey work. The analysis of the Protocols alignment survey as a case study also offers insights about critical self-reflection and ways for non-Indigenous archivists to strive toward social justice and Protocols alignment using existing discovery and description frameworks as a starting point.