bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac arrest resuscitation practices and outcomes in non-COVID-19 patients
Authors: Tong Sau Ki , Ling Lowell , Zhang Jack Zhenhe , Yap Florence H. Y. , Law Kam Leung , Joynt Gavin M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe effect of changes to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedures in response to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) management and outcomes are unreported. In this multicenter retrospective study, we showed that median time to arrival of resuscitation team has increased and proportion of patients receiving first-responder CPR has lowered during this pandemic. IHCA during the pandemic was independently associated with lower return of spontaneous circulation OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.43–0.91), despite adjustment for lowered patient comorbidity and increased time to resuscitation team arrival. Changes to resuscitation practice in this pandemic had effects on IHCA outcomes, even in patients without COVID-19.
How effective are artificial nests in attracting bees? A review
Authors: Rahimi Ehsan , Barghjelveh Shahindokht , Dong Pinliang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent declines in bee populations, along with increasing demand for pollination services in urban, agricultural, and natural environments, have led to strategies to attract wild bees to these areas. One of these strategies is installing artificial nests adjacent to urban gardens and agricultural farms. Bee hotels and nest boxes are among the artificial nests used by gardeners and farmers to attract pollinators. In this paper, we reviewed 50 studies that reported the efficiency of nest boxes and bee hotels in attracting bees. We considered the maximum occupation rate (percentage) as the main index to evaluate the efficiency of artificial nests.

Results
The maximum occupation rate of bee hotels was higher in farms (averaged 44.1%) than in forests (averaged 30.3%) and urban (averaged 38.3%) environments. In the case of nest boxes, most studies reported efficiencies of less than 20%, with an occupation rate of 16% and 5.5% on average in forest and urban environments respectively. However, our meta-analysis results showed that there was no significant relationship between the occupation rate of the nests and their installation place. Regression analysis also showed that the structural features of bee hotels (length and diameter) and nest boxes (volume and entrance size) did not affect their efficiency in attracting bees.

Conclusion
Our data showed that the strategy of installing artificial nests to attract pollinators is successful only concerning bee hotels, and the use of nest boxes has not been very successful.
Low intensity pulsed ultrasound information technology intervention in diagnosis and prediction of Muscle Atrophy
Authors: Sun Zhijun 
Published: September 2021

Objective: To discuss the effects and function of LIPUS on muscle atrophy (MA), analysis from various aspects through the study of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) information technology intervention (ITI) in diagnosis and the prediction of muscle atrophy..
Method: In this study conducted in our university, 74 healthy female SD rats aged three months, weighing 100-200g were selected. All rats were placed in sterile cages from June 2020 to September 2020. They were divided into three groups. In the OVO group and OVE group, the mice are treated with LIPUS, Finally, the changes of body weight, grasping power, biochemical indexes and glycogen content of gastrocnemius muscle were analyzed and recorded to explore the effect and value of LIPUS ITI combined with intermittent weight-bearing exercise in the treatment of MA
Results: After weight-bearing running, the body weight of model (OVO) group, exercise (OVE) group and NC group had significant statistical significance (P<0.01). It was found that the weight of OVE group was much more as compared to OVO group. There was significant difference in body weight between OVO group and NC group (P<0.05). After LIPUS treatment, it was found that the weight of OVO group, OVE group, LIPUS group and OVE +LIPUS group increased. Compared with the NC group, there was significant statistical difference (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Low intensity pulsed ultrasound ITI has a good effect on improving MA, so as to effectively improve the weight of gastrocnemius muscle. The combined application of the two is better for the improvement of muscular atrophy.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4839
How to cite this:Sun Z. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound information technology intervention in diagnosis and prediction of Muscle Atrophy. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(6):1569-1573. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4839
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Brain tissue development of neonates with Congenital Septal Defect: Study on MRI Image Evaluation of Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Jianfei , Chen Jiaolei , Zhang Yunhui , Ji Jianwei 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: This article is based on deep learning algorithms and uses MRI to study the development of congenital heart septal defects in neonatal brain tissue.
Methods: From January 2018 to December 2019, 150 cases of congenital cardiac paper septal defect were retrospectively analyzed on 50 cases of normal newborns and neonates. The four index parametersbrain MR imaging, lateral ventricle pre-angle measurement index (F/F’), body index (D/ D’), caudal nucleus index (C/C’) were analyzed. The independent sample t test is performed to compare the difference parameters between groups.
Results: F congenital heart disease group and control group/F ‘values were 0.301 ± 0.035 and 0.296 ± 0.031; Evans index was 0.239 ± 0.052 and 0.233 ± 0.025; 2 sets of D/D’ values were 0.261 ± 0.039 and 0.234 ± 0.032; C/C ‘value was 0.138 ± 0.018 and 0.124 ± 0.015 respectively. The congenital heart disease group D/D ‘, and the value of C/C’ obtained under the ROC curve area value, respectively 0.698 and 0.750, Youden index corresponding to the maximum D/D ‘, and the value of C/C’ values were 0.28 and 0.12.
Conclusion: Lateral ventricle D/D ‘and C/C’ is more sensitive indicator which can be evaluated with the difference between the volume of congenital heart septal defects in newborn normal neonatal brain; when the D/D ‘value> 0.28, C/C’ value> 0.12. For the diagnosis and evaluation of congenital heart septal defect neonatal brain volume abnormalities have a certain reference value.
List of acronyms: MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. POX: Pulse oximetry. CHD: Congenital Heart Disease.DWI: Diffusion-weighted Imaging. T1WI: T1-weighted imaging T2WITSE: T2-weighted imaging, Turbo Spin Echo. FOV: Field of View. FLAIR: Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery. TE: Echo Time. TR: Repetition Time. ICC: Intra-group Correlation Coefficient.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4863
How to cite this:Zhu J, Chen J, Zhang Y, Ji J. Brain tissue development of neonates with Congenital Septal Defect: Study on MRI Image Evaluation of Deep Learning Algorithm. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(6):1652-1656. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4863
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Evaluation of illness severity of neonate infectious pneumonia and neurobehavioral development through ultrasonography under adaption algorithm
Authors: Meng Kangkang , Ying Chao , Ji Jianwei , Yang Lianfang 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To explore the diagnostic effect of ultrasound imaging on the illness severity, and to analyze neurobehavioral development of neonates with Infectious Pneumonia (IPN), Self- Adaptation (SD), and Spatial Smoothing (SS) technologies were adopted to build SDSS. Then, the WFFSF algorithm based on Wiener Filtering (WF) and Feature Space Fusion (FSF) and the SNRP-FSF algorithm based on Signal-to-noise ratio post-filtering (SNRP) and FSF were introduced for comparison.
Methods: One hundred and thirty-two neonates were divided into group without respiratory failure (S1) and respiratory failure group (S2). The study was conducted from March 2018 to July 2020. According to scoring systems for neonatal critically illness, they were divided into non-severe group (W1), severe group (W2), and extremely-severe group (W3). According to the Scale of Child Development Center of China (CDCC), they were divided into a normal neurobehavioral developmental group (P1) and an abnormal neurobehavioral developmental group (P2).
Results: The normalized mean square distance l and normalized mean absolute distance f of SDSS algorithm were significantly lower than that of WFFSF algorithm and SNRP-FSF algorithm, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) was significantly higher than that of WFFSF algorithm and SNRP-FSF algorithm (P<0.05). The lung ultrasound score (40.62±7.22%) of S1 was greatly higher than S2 group (28.47±6.29%) (P<0.05); the lung ultrasound score (39.13±8.25) in W1 was greatly higher than W2 (27.28±6.39) and W3 groups (14.33±7.03); neonates in group W2 had higher lung ultrasound scores than W3 (P<0.05), and lung ultrasound scores in P1 (42.57±8.58) was greatly higher than that the P2 group (26.49±6.09).
Conclusion: In contrast with traditional algorithms, the SDSS algorithm based on AD has a better reconstruction effect on neonatal IPN ultrasound images. The lung ultrasound score can clearly indicate the severity of the disease and neurobehavioral development of neonate IPN, and the lung ultrasound score is negatively correlated with the severity of the child’s disease and the abnormality of neurobehavioral development.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4883
How to cite this:Meng K, Ying C, Ji J, Yang L. Evaluation of illness severity of neonate infectious pneumonia & neurobehavioral development through ultrasonography under adaption algorithm. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(6):1682-1686. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4883
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A comparative study on the Efficacy of Retroperitoneoscopic Pyeloplasty and Open Surgery for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children
Authors: Jia Jianghua , Meng Qingsong , Zhang Ming , Qi Jinchun , Wang Dongbin 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effect of retroperitoneoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty and open ureteropelvic junction plasty on the ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in children.
Methods: After the retrospective analysis of clinical data, 78 children with ureteropelvic junction stenosis treated from January, 2012 to June, 2018 were divided into two groups: OP (open pyeloplasty) group (38 cases) and LP (laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty) group (40 cases) according to the surgical methods. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative length of stay (LOS), postoperative complication rate, postoperative hydronephrosis improvement and other indicators were compared between the two groups.
Results: All patients underwent surgery successfully, without conversion to open surgery in LP group. The incidence of postoperative urine leakage and the recovery of hydronephrosis between LP group and OP group 12 months after operation showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The intraoperative bleeding volume, the incidence of postoperative retroperitoneal hematoma, and the postoperative LOS in LP group were lower than those in OP group, while the operation time was longer than that in the OP group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Retroperitoneoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty had similar effect with open dismembered pyeloplasty, but faster recovery and fewer complications, so it has become the preferred treatment method for UPJO in children.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4205
How to cite this:Jia J, Meng Q, Zhang M, Qi J, Wang D. A comparative study on the Efficacy of Retroperitoneoscopic Pyeloplasty and Open Surgery for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4205
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Genetic diversity and molecular analysis of metallo beta lactamases among imipenem resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Amjad , Ahmad Kafeel , Rahat Shaista , Ahmad Israr 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with remarkable adaptation ability to thrive in diverse environmental conditions. This study aimed at phenotypic and molecular analysis of metallo beta lactamases (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM-1 and blaSPM-1) and genetic diversity analysis among imipenem resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Methods: This study was conducted from May 2017 to June 2018. The study included 187 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected from different clinical specimens from Peshawar, Pakistan. The isolates were analyzed for resistance to imipenem. Combined disc test (CDT) was then performed for phenotypic detection of metallo beta lactamases among imipenem resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecular detection of metallo beta lactamases genes i.e. blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM-1 and blaSPM-1 was analyzed through polymerase chain reaction. Genetic diversity was determined through RAPD-PCR.
Results: MBL production was observed in 76% (n=19) isolates. The occurrence of MBL genes blaIMP, blaNDM-1 and blaVIM was 68% (n=17), 48% (n=12), and 4% (n=1) respectively. The blaSPM-1 gene was not detected. High genetic diversity was observed in current study. Out of 182 isolates 171 isolates showed different RAPD profiles (93.95% polymorphism); 160 were unique RAPD strains and based on similarity coefficient ≥ 80%, 22 isolates were clustered into 11 distinct clones.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of blaIMP and blaNDM-1 among imipenem resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is alarming that calls for proper control and prevention strategies. RAPD technique was found to be a good genotyping technique when limited resources are available.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4303
How to cite this:Ali A, Ahmad K, Rahat S, Ahmad I. Genetic diversity and molecular analysis of metallo beta lactamases among imipenem resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Peshawar, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4303
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Changes in serum inflammatory factors in acute gouty arthritis patients treated using ultrashort wave combined with loxoprofen sodium
Authors: Wu Ying , Wang Yan , Yuan Wenjing , Xiao Xiangzhi , Cheng Guohua 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To study the effect of ultrashort wave combined with loxoprofen sodium on serum inflammatory factors in patients with acute gouty arthritis.
Methods: Records of patients with acute gouty arthritis who were treated in The Fourth Hospital of Changsha from May 2018 to September 2020, were reviewed. Of them, 77 cases were selected and divided into two groups based on the received treatment. The control group (n=39) was treated with loxoprofen sodium, and the treatment group (n=38) was treated with an ultrashort wave combined with loxoprofen sodium, for 10 continuous days. The clinical efficacy of the treatment in two groups was analyzed.
Results: After treatment, the quality of life of patients in both groups was improved (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the degree of improvement between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the VAS score of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), the improvement of symptoms and signs of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Serum CRP and ESR levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the serum IL-1 β, IL-8, TNF-a and MMP-3 levels of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the treatment group (94.87%) was slightly higher than that of the control group (89.47%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No adverse reactions occurred in all patients during the treatment.
Conclusion: An ultrashort wave combined with loxoprofen sodium in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis can reduce the inflammatory reaction, improve the degree of joint pain and swelling, improve the curative effect, and do not increase the adverse reactions. The results may be related to the regulation of IL-1 β, IL-8, TNF-a and MMP-3.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4765
How to cite this:Wu Y, Wang Y, Yuan W, Xiao X, Cheng G. Changes in serum inflammatory factors in acute gouty arthritis patients treated using ultrashort wave combined with loxoprofen sodium. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4765
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Developing and validating a prediction model for frequent attenders at a Swedish emergency department using an electronic medical record system, a retrospective observational study
Authors: Abazi Lis , Lindqvist Elin , Edman Gunnar , Norberg Magnus , Bergman Jan , Zachrisson Ingmar , Forsberg Sune 
Published: September 2021

Background: Frequent attenders (FA) account for a significant number of emergency department (ED) visits but to date there is no prediction model to identify patients at risk of becoming a FA. The aim of this research was to identify and describe FA using readily available data provided by electronic medical records and create a prediction model to identify future FA Method: Adults ≥18 years that visited the ED during 2015 were included. Patients with ≥4 visits were defined as FA, and patients with ≤3 visits were placed in the control group. Numerous variables were analyzed and differences between the groups compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictor variables and the model validated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) on an independent sample. Results: 6635 patients were included in developing the model: 15.3 (n=1012) were classified as FA and 15.4 (n=1011) as the control group. Variables associated with at risk of becoming a FA were the following: age above 60 years OR 1.52 [CI 1.27 – 1.82], ED arrival by ambulance or helicopter OR 1.31 [CI 1.08 – 1.58], sheltered living OR 3.82 [CI 2.37 – 6.17], previous contact with psychiatric department OR 1.52 [CI 1.23 – 1.89], 10 outpatient care visits or more OR 4.81 [CI 3.81 – 6.08] and 10 outpatient care physician visits or more OR 3.94 [CI 3.25 – 4.78]. The ROC in the validation set had an area under the curve of 0.85 [CI 0.84 – 0.86]. Conclusion: Data from electronic medical record software can be used to create and validate the risk of becoming a FA in the ED. We found that age over 60 years, ED arrival by ambulance or helicopter, sheltered living, previous contact with psychiatric departments, and frequent visits at outpatient care together predict the risk of becoming a FA.
Case Report: Cerebral venous thrombosis revealing celiac disease
Authors: Wiem Romdhane , Sondess Arfa , Jihene Chelly , Olfa Jomaa , Sonia Hammami , Karima Hmida , Fatma El Arbi , Olfa Berriche 
Published: September 2021

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy resulting from intolerance of an individual genetically predisposed to gluten. It has a large clinical polymorphism ranging from a classic digestive clinical presentation due to the malabsorption syndrome to extra-intestinal symptoms. Among the hematologic abnormalities, venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) has been reported, and they are most often located in the abdomen or lower limbs, but the cerebral localization was exceptionally described. We report a case of CD revealed by cerebral thrombophlebitis. A 44-year-old patient with no medical history and no drug intake, presented with hemiplegia followed by a status epilepticus in a context of apyrexia, initially hospitalized in intensive care. Magnetic imaging resonance displayed a cerebral venous thrombosis of the sigmoid sinus requiring anticoagulant treatment, then transferred to our department for the etiological investigation. On questioning, the patient reported chronic diarrhea and weight loss with no other associated symptoms. The examination revealed an underweight patient with pale conjunctiva, improvement of her deficit symptoms, and no other abnormalities. Laboratory tests noted biological signs of malabsorption. The thrombophilia assessment revealed a protein C deficiency with a slight increase in anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-Beta 2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies. Immunological tests noted positives anti-transglutaminase and IgA anti-endomysium antibodies. Duodenal biopsy demonstrated villous atrophy. After ruling out the other causes of VTE, the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis secondary to CD was retained. Early diagnosis and treatment of CD improves the quality-of-life for patients and may spare them various long-term or even fatal complications.
Case Report: Syncopal atrioventricular block complicating primary hyperoxaluria type 1
Authors: Imtinene Ben Mrad , Sofien Kamoun , Melek Ben Mrad , Ihsen Zairi , Zeineb Oumaya , Lilia Ben Fatma , Ikram Mami , Hayet Kaaroud , Mzoughi Khadija , Sondos Kraiem 
Published: September 2021

Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) type 1 is a rare hereditary metabolic disorder resulting in accumulation of calcium oxalate in several organs, including the heart. Cardiac oxalosis in PH is poorly described in the medical literature. We report the case of a 42-year-old woman diagnosed with primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and end-stage renal failure who presented with syncope related to a paroxysmal third-degree atrioventricular block. The patient benefited from the implantation of a dual chamber pacemaker with a good outcome. Conduction blocks in case of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 are exceptional; in fact, less than five reports have previously been published in the medical literature. With this case, we would like to highlight the need for regular and careful monitoring of cardiac status in patients treated for primary oxalosis, especially when renal function is impaired.