bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF BODY MASS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN AUTONOMIC FUNCTION MODULATION ON POST-COVID-19 CONDITION: AN OBSERVATIONAL SUBANALYSIS OF FIT-COVID STUDY
Authors: Figueira Freire Ana Paula Coelho , de Lira Fabio Santos , von Ah Morano Ana Elisa , Pereira Telmo , Silva Manuel-João Coelho , Caseiro Armando , Destro Christofaro Diego Giulliano , Júnior Osmar Marchioto , Dorneles Gilson Pires , Pinho Ricardo Aurino , de Alencar Silva Bruna Spolador 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe harmful effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can reach the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and endothelial function. Therefore, the detrimental multiorgan effects of COVID-19 could be induced by deregulations in ANS that may persist after the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, investigating the differences in ANS response in overweight/obese, and physically inactive participants who had COVID-19 compared to those who did not have the disease is necessary. The aim of the study was to analyze the autonomic function of young adults after mild-to-moderate infection with COVID-19 and to assess whether body mass index (BMI) and levels of physical activity modulates autonomic function in participants with and without COVID-19. Patients previously infected with COVID-19 and healthy controls were recruited for this cross-sectional observational study. A general anamnesis was taken and BMI and physical activity levels were assessed. The ANS was evaluated through heart rate variability. A total of 57 subjects were evaluated. Sympathetic nervous system activity in post-COVID-19 group was increased (stress index; p=0.0273). They also presented lower values of parasympathetic activity (p<0.05). Overweight/obese subjects in the post-COVID-19 group presented significantly lower parasympathetic activity and reduced global variability compared to non-obese in control group (p<0.05). Physically inactive subjects in post-COVID-19 group presented significantly higher sympathetic activity than active subjects in control group. Parasympathetic activity was significantly increased in physically active subjects in control group compared to the physically inactive post-COVID-19 group (p<0.05). COVID-19 promotes changes in the ANS of young adults, and these changes are modulated by Overweight/obesity and physical activity levels.Key Points‐Our main finding is that even in mild and moderate infections, young adults who had COVID-19 had greater sympathetic activity, less parasympathetic activity, and global variability when compared to uninfected individuals.‐In participants who were overweight and obese and/or physically inactive, cardiac autonomic modulation showed worse indices.‐Our study provides new insights regarding the role of body mass index and physical activity status on post-COVID-19 infection autonomic deregulation that may contribute to the understand of pathophysiology and treatment of of post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection.
SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease PLpro in complex with natural compounds reveal allosteric sites for antiviral drug design
Authors: Srinivasan Vasundara , Brognaro Hévila , Prabhu Prince R. , de Souza Edmarcia Elisa , Günther Sebastian , Reinke Patrick Y. A. , Lane Thomas J. , Ginn Helen , Han Huijong , Ewert Wiebke , Sprenger Janina , Koua Faisal H. M. , Falke Sven , Werner Nadine , Andaleeb Hina , Ullah Najeeb , Franca Bruno Alves , Wang Mengying , Barra Angélica Luana C , Perbandt Markus , Schwinzer Martin , Schmidt Christina , Brings Lea , Lorenzen Kristina , Schubert Robin , Guaragna Machado Rafael Rahal , Candido Erika Donizette , Leal Oliveira Danielle Bruna , Durigon Edison Luiz , Yefanov Oleksandr , Lieske Julia , Gelisio Luca , Domaracky Martin , Middendorf Philipp , Groessler Michael , Trost Fabian , Galchenkova Marina , Saouane Sofiane , Hakanpää Johanna , Wolf Markus , Turk Dusan , Pearson Arwen R. , Chapman Henry N. , Hinrichs Winfried , Wrenger Carsten , Meents Alke , Betzel Christian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) covers multiple functions. Beside the cysteine-protease activity, PLpro has the additional and vital function of removing ubiquitin and ISG15 (Interferon-stimulated gene 15) from host-cell proteins to aid coronaviruses in evading the host’s innate immune responses. We established a high-throughput X-ray screening to identify inhibitors by elucidating the native PLpro structure refined to 1.42 Å and performing co-crystallization utilizing a diverse library of selected natural compounds. We identified three phenolic compounds as potential inhibitors. Crystal structures of PLpro inhibitor complexes, obtained to resolutions between 1.7-1.9 Å, show that all three compounds bind at the ISG15/Ub-S2 allosteric binding site, preventing the essential ISG15-PLpro molecular interactions. All compounds demonstrate clear inhibition in a deISGylation assay, two exhibit distinct antiviral activity and one inhibited a cytopathic effect in a non-cytotoxic concentration range. These results highlight the druggability of the rarely explored ISG15/Ub-S2 PLpro allosteric binding site to identify new and effective antiviral compounds. Importantly, in the context of increasing PLpro mutations in the evolving new variants of SARS-CoV-2, the natural compounds we identified may also reinstate the antiviral immune response processes of the host that are down-regulated in COVID-19 infections.
The Effect of COVID-19 on the Postdoctoral Experience: a comparison of pre-pandemic and pandemic surveys
Authors: Morin Andréanne. , Helling Britney A. , Krishnan Seetha. , Risner Laurie E. , Walker Nykia D. , Schwartz Nancy B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the interest of advocating for the postdoctoral community in the United States, we present results from survey data collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic on the same population of postdocs. In 2019, 5,929 postdocs in the US completed a comprehensive survey, and in 2020, a subset completed a follow-up survey several months into the pandemic. The results show that the pandemic has substantially impacted postdocs’ mental health and wellness irrespective of gender, race, citizenship, or other identities. Postdocs also reported a significant impact on their career trajectories and progression, reduced confidence in achieving career goals, and negative perceptions of the job market compared to pre-COVID-19. International postdocs also reported experiencing distinct stressors due to the changes in immigration policy. Notably, having access to Postdoctoral Associations and Postdoctoral Offices positively impacted postdocs’ overall well-being and helped mitigate the personal and professional stresses and career uncertainties caused by the pandemic.Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract of survey responses to: Why or how has your research been disrupted or not disrupted due to the pandemic? Overall, postdocs responded with feelings of loss of control as the pandemic was acting upon them and taking away their ability to complete their work.
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 public CD4+ αβ T cell clonotypes through reverse epitope discovery
Authors: Rosati Elisa , Pogorelyy Mikhail V. , Minervina Anastasia A. , Scheffold Alexander , Franke Andre , Bacher Petra , Thomas Paul G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe amount of scientific data and level of public sharing produced as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the speed at which these data were produced, far exceeds any previous effort against a specific disease condition. This unprecedented situation allows for development and application of new research approaches. One of the major technical hurdles in immunology is the characterization of HLA-antigen-T cell receptor (TCR) specificities. Most approaches aim to identify reactive T cells starting from known antigens using functional assays. However, the need for a reverse approach identifying the antigen specificity of orphan TCRs is increasing.Utilizing large public single-cell gene expression and TCR datasets, we identified highly public CD4+ T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2, covering >75% of the analysed population. We performed an integrative meta-analysis to deeply characterize these clonotypes by TCR sequence, gene expression, HLA-restriction, and antigen-specificity, identifying strong and public CD4+ immunodominant responses with confirmed specificity. CD4+ COVID-enriched clonotypes show T follicular helper functional features, while clonotypes depleted in SARS-CoV-2 individuals preferentially had a central memory phenotype. In total we identify more than 1200 highly public CD4+ T cell clonotypes reactive to SARS-CoV-2. TCR similarity analysis showed six prominent TCR clusters, for which we predicted both HLA-restriction and cognate SARS-CoV-2 immunodominant epitopes. To validate our predictions we used an independent cohort of TCR repertoires before and after vaccination with ChAdOx1, a replication-deficient simian adenovirus-vectored vaccine, encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We find statistically significant enrichment of the predicted spike-reactive TCRs after vaccination with ChAdOx1, while the frequency of TCRs specific to other SARS-CoV-2 proteins remains stable. Thus, the CD4-associated TCR repertoire differentiates vaccination from natural infection.In conclusion, our study presents a novel reverse epitope discovery approach that can be used to infer HLA- and antigen-specificity of orphan TCRs in any context, such as viral infections, antitumor immune responses, or autoimmune disease.HighlightsIdentification of highly public CD4+ T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2Systematic prediction of exact immunogenic HLA class II epitopes for CD4+ T cell responseMethodological framework for reverse epitope discovery, which can be applied to other disease contexts and may provide essential insights for future studies and clinical applications
CAMO: A molecular congruence analysis framework for evaluating model organisms
Authors: Zong Wei , Rahman Tanbin , Zhu Li , Zeng Xiangrui , Zhang Yingjin , Zou Jian , Liu Song , Ren Zhao , Li Jingyi Jessica , Osterreich Steffi , Ma Tianzhou , Tseng George C. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTCAMO provides a rigorous and user-friendly solution for quantification and mechanistic exploration of omics congruence in model organisms and humans. It performs threshold-free differential analysis, quantitative concordance/discordance scoring, pathway-centric investigation, and topological subnetwork detection. Instead of dichotomous claims of “poorly” or “greatly” mimicking humans, CAMO facilitates discovery and visualization of specific molecular mechanisms that are best or least mimicked, providing foundations for hypothesis generation and subsequent translational investigations.
The “Alu-ome” shapes the epigenetic environment of regulatory elements controlling cellular defense
Authors: Costallat Mickael , Batsché Eric , Rachez Christophe , Muchardt Christian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPromoters and enhancers are sites of transcription initiation (TSSs) and carry active histone modifications, including H3K4me1, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac. Yet, the principles governing the boundaries of such regulatory elements are still poorly characterized. Alu elements are good candidates for a boundary function, being highly abundant in gene-rich regions, while essentially excluded from regulatory elements. Here, we show that the interval from the TSS to the first upstream Alu accommodates all H3K4me3 and most H3K27ac marks, while excluding DNA methylation. Remarkably, the average length of this intervals greatly varies in-between tissues, being longer in stem-and shorter in immune-cells. The very shortest TSS-to-Alu intervals were observed at promoters active in T cells, particularly at immune genes, correlating with RNA polymerase II transcription through the first Alu and accumulation of H3K4me1 signal on this first Alu. Finally, DNA methylation at first-Alus was found to evolved with age, regressing from young to middle-aged, then recovering later in life. Thus, the first Alus upstream of TSSs appear as dynamic boundaries marking the transition from DNA methylation to active histone modifications at regulatory elements, while also participating in the recording of immune gene transcriptional events by positioning H3K4me1-modified nucleosomes.
Bovine serum albumin promotes reactivation of viable but non-culturableMycobacterium tuberculosisvia the activation of protein kinase-dependent cell division processes
Authors: Morishige Yuta , Murase Yoshiro , Chikamatsu Kinuyo , Yamada Hiroyuki , Aono Akio , Igarashi Yuriko , Kamada Keisuke , Shimomura Yoshiko , Hosoya Makiko , Takaki Akiko , Mitarai Satoshi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) H37Ra strain has been reported to rapidly enter the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state following treatment with an NADH oxidase inhibitor (diphenyleneiodonium [DPI]) and to be reactivated by fetal bovine serum (FBS). However, the mechanism underlying FBS-induced reactivation is unclear. We tried to reveal the mechanism of FBS-induced reactivation usingM. tuberculosisH37Rv.MethodsFirst, we evaluated the effect of DPI on culturability, viability and changes of acid-fastness toward H37Rv. Secondly, we measured the reactivation-promoting effects of human serum albumin, egg-white albumin and antioxidative agents in DPI-induced VBNC cells. We also inhibited adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase which is the downstream of adenylyl cyclase to evaluate the influence to reactivation capacity of bovine serum albumin (BSA).ResultsDPI treatment induced VBNC state in H37Rv, resulting in a high proportion of viable cells but a low proportion of culturable cells, loss of acid-fastness and lipid-accumulation. Not only FBS but also BSA alone could reactivate H37Rv. Contrary to our expectation, only human serum albumin had a similar restorative effect to BSA. The inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by SQ22536 did not have a significant effect on reactivation; however, the inhibition of mycobacterial protein kinase by H89 and staurosporine strongly suppressed the BSA-induced reactivation.ConclusionDPI-induced VBNC Mtb cells may be reactivated via the activation of protein kinase-dependent cell division processes through interaction with BSA.
New fossil wasp species from the earliest Eocene Fur Formation has its closest relatives in late Eocene ambers (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pherhombinae)
Authors: Meier Noah , Wacker Anina , Klopfstein Seraina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDarwin wasps (Ichneumonidae) are one of the most species-rich insect families, but also one of the most understudied ones, both in terms of their extant and extinct diversity. We here use morphometrics of wing veins and an integrative Bayesian analysis to place a new rock fossil species from the Danish Fur Formation (∼54 Ma) in the tree of Darwin wasps. The new species,Pherhombus parvulusn. sp., is placed firmly in Pherhombinae, an extinct subfamily so far only known from Baltic and Rovno-Ukranian ambers, which are estimated to be 34–48 Ma and 34–38 Ma, respectively. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers a subfamily clade within the higher Ophioniformes formed by Pherhombinae, Townesitinae and Hybrizontinae, in accordance with previous suggestions. Due to the placement of the new species as sister to the remaining members of Pherhombinae, we argue that our finding is not at odds with a much younger, late Eocene age (∼34–41 Ma) of Baltic amber and instead demonstrates thatPherhombusexisted over a much longer period than previously thought. Our results also exemplify the power of wing vein morphometrics and integrative phylogenetic analyses in resolving the placement even of poorly preserved fossil specimens.
Structure determination of riboflavin by synchrotron high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction
Authors: Guerain Mathieu , Affouard Frédéric , Henaff Charline , Dejoie Catherine , Danède Florence , Siepmann Juergen , Siepmann Florence , Willart Jean-François 
Published: November 2021

The crystal structure of the stable form of vitamin B2 or riboflavin (C17H20N4O6) was solved using high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The high-resolution PXRD pattern of riboflavin was recorded at room temperature at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, France). The starting structural model was generated using a Monte Carlo simulated annealing method. The final structure was obtained through Rietveld refinement. The positions of the H atoms belonging to hydroxy groups were estimated from computational energy minimizations. The symmetry is orthorhombic with the space group P212121 and the following lattice parameters: a = 20.01308, b = 15.07337 and c = 5.31565 Å.
Energy financing in COVID-19: how public supports can benefit?
Authors: Iqbal Sajid , Bilal Ahmad Raza 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe study aims to empirically estimate the role of public supports for energy efficiency financing and presents the way forward to mitigate the energy financing barriers that incurred during the COVID-19 crisis.Design/methodology/approachUsing the G7 countries data, the study estimated the nexus between the constructs. Generalized method of moments (GMM) and conventional increasing-smoothing asymptotic of GMM are applied to justify the study findings. Wald econometric technique is also used to robust the results.FindingsThe study findings reported a consistent role of public support on energy efficiency financing indicators, during the COVID-19 crisis period. G7 countries raised funds around 17% through public supports for energy efficiency financing, and it raised 4% of per unit energy usage to GDP, accelerated 16% energy efficiency and 24% output of renewable energy sources, during COVID-19. By this, study findings warrant a maximum support from public offices, energy ministries and other allied departments for energy efficiency optimization.Practical implicationsThe study presents multiple policy implications to enhance energy efficiency through different alternative sources, such as, on-bill financing, direct energy efficiency grant, guaranteed financial contracts for energy efficiency and energy efficiency credit lines. If suggested policy recommendations are applied effectively, this holds the potential to diminish the influence of the COVID-19 crisis and can probably uplift the energy efficiency financing during structural crisis.Originality/valueThe originality of the recent study exists in a novel framework of study topicality. Despite growing literature, the empirical discussion in the field of energy efficiency financing and COVID-19 is still shattered and less studied, which is contributed by this study.
Modeling multiple forms of consumer animosity through fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Antonetti Paolo , Manika Danae 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Consumer animosity toward a foreign country can affect negatively international brands. Existing international marketing research offers inconsistent accounts of the factors that explain product quality perceptions, negative word of mouth (NWOM) and product avoidance in animosity contexts. This paper aims to demonstrate that such inconsistency is caused by the fact that different explanations apply to different consumer subgroups. Searching for a single solution, thus, leads to erroneous predictions for sizable subgroups of consumers.

Design/methodology/approach
The study implements a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to two quantitative surveys examining Chinese consumers’ (n = 476) reactions to Japanese products and American consumers’ (n = 517) reactions to Chinese products.

Findings
The analysis yields novel explanations of the outcomes of animosity. Only in some causal configurations reduced quality evaluations explain product avoidance and NWOM, while in others negative behaviors co-exist with positive quality perceptions. Moreover, negative emotions’ role varies across forms of animosity. While anger is often associated with the behavioral outcomes of animosity, fear plays an important role in only a few specific combinations.

Research limitations/implications
General models of animosity need to be complemented with accounts that examine the multiple mechanisms underpinning animosity outcomes.

Practical implications
Marketers should identify which animosity model applies to their consumer segment(s) as different mechanisms require different marketing approaches.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study recognizing that the same animosity outcomes are explained by multiple mechanisms offering a more nuanced picture of the motivations associated with consumer animosity.
Evaluating children’s websites from an information visualization perspective: findings of a comparative mixed-methods study
Authors: Norouzi Yaghoub , Keshavarz Hamid , Jafari Athar Zahra 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the selected children’s websites in terms of information visualization features based on the criteria existing in the related literature and expert scrutiny.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) study was conducted with a descriptive-comparative approach. A set of 80 English websites, as well as 24 quality Persian websites, were selected constituting a sample size of 104 websites. A conceptual model was developed from an extensive literature review on information visualization in children’s websites. In the quantitative part, a checklist derived from the conceptual model and based on the heuristic evaluation method was distributed among 20 related experts, the data of which were then analysed through Partial Least Squares using SmartPLS 3.0.

Findings
Confirmatory factor analysis showed high-reliability indicators and fit indices in measurement and structural models showing that the conceptual model had the necessary validities among the expert evaluators. Path coefficients showed that layout design and user interface design were the first and last priorities among the dimensions. It was also found that English websites were much more successful than Persian websites in supporting the features of information visualization.

Originality/value
The current study has implications for the effective use of standard features related to information visualization in children’s websites usable for designers, media specialists, parents, instructors and librarians, which would also make the children more engaged to better use, learn and interact with the websites.