bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol causes temporary metabolic disturbances in juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens): implications for sea lamprey control and fish conservation
Authors: Ionescu R Adrian , Hepditch Scott L J , Wilkie Michael P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The pesticide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is applied to rivers and streams draining into the Laurentian Great Lakes to control populations of invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), which are ongoing threats to fisheries during the lamprey’s hematophagous, parasitic juvenile life stage. While TFM targets larval sea lamprey during treatments, threatened populations of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), particularly young-of-the-year (&lt;100 mm in length), may be adversely affected by TFM when their habitats overlap with larval sea lamprey. Exposure to TFM causes marked reductions in tissue glycogen and high energy phosphagens in lamprey and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by interfering with oxidative ATP production in the mitochondria. To test that environmentally relevant concentrations of TFM would similarly affect juvenile lake sturgeon, we exposed them to the larval sea lamprey minimum lethal concentration (9-h LC99.9), which mimicked concentrations of a typical lampricide application and quantified energy stores and metabolites in the carcass, liver and brain. Exposure to TFM reduced brain ATP, PCr and glycogen by 50–60%, while lactate increased by 45–50% at 6 and 9 h. A rapid and sustained depletion of liver glucose and glycogen of more than 50% was also observed, whereas the respective concentrations of ATP and glycogen were reduced by 60% and 80% after 9 h, along with higher lactate and a slight metabolic acidosis (~0.1 pH unit). We conclude that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TFM causes metabolic disturbances in lake sturgeon that can lead to impaired physiological performance and, in some cases, mortality. Our observations support practices such as delaying TFM treatments to late summer/fall or using alternative TFM application strategies to mitigate non-target effects in waters where lake sturgeon are present. These actions would help to conserve this historically and culturally significant species in the Great Lakes.
Fearsome Worlds and Uncanny Children: Gothic Early Childhoods in Condé’sLa Migration des coeursand Kincaid’sThe Autobiography of My Mother
Authors: Manizza Roszak Suzanne 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGothic depictions of early childhood and its antecedents from conception to childbirth stand to fundamentally shape readers’ understanding of colonialism across the transnational and translinguistic space of the Caribbean. This effect is particularly visible in contemporary novels such as Maryse Condé’s La Migration des coeurs (1995) and Jamaica Kincaid’s The Autobiography of My Mother (1996), which not only have been interpreted as rewritings of Wuthering Heights but also draw on a larger, more multicultural Gothic literary tradition. In their renderings of sexual violence, doomed pregnancies, and motherless infancy, Condé and Kincaid appropriate and edit Gothic conventions, highlighting persisting ramifications of the colonial project for women and children. Gothic youth also functions as a subversive site of resistance with the potential to dismantle imperialist ideologies and systems.
Orofacial Granulomatosis Associated with Crohn’s Disease: a Multicentre Case Series
Authors: Phillips Frank , Verstockt Bram , Sladek Malgorzata , de Boer Nanne , Katsanos Konstantinos , Karmiris Konstantinos , Albshesh Ahmad , Erikson Carl , Bergemalm Daniel , Molnar Tamas , Ellul Pierre 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundOrofacial granulomatosis [OFG] is a rare syndrome that may be associated with Crohn’s disease [CD]. We aimed to characterise this relationship and the management options in the biologic era.MethodsThis multicentre case series was supported by the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation [ECCO], and performed as part of the Collaborative Network of Exceptionally Rare case reports [CONFER] project. Clinical data were recorded in a standardised collection form.ResultsThis report includes 28 patients with OFG associated with CD: 14 males (mean age of 32 years, ±12.4 standard deviation [SD]) and 14 females [40.3 years, ±21.0 SD]. Non-oral upper gastrointestinal tract involvement was seen in six cases and perianal disease in 11. The diagnosis of OFG was made before CD diagnosis in two patients, concurrently in eight, and after CD diagnosis in 18. The distribution of OFG involved the lips in 16 cases and buccal mucosa in 18. Pain was present in 25 cases, with impaired swallowing or speaking in six. Remission was achieved in 23 patients, notably with the use of anti-tumour necrosis factors [TNFs] in nine patients, vedolizumab in one, ustekinumab in one, and thalidomide in two. A further five cases were resistant to therapies including anti-TNFs.ConclusionsOFG associated with CD may occur before, concurrently with, or after the diagnosis of CD. Perianal and upper gastrointestinal [UGI] disease are common associations and there is a significant symptom burden in many. Remission can be obtained with a variety of immunosuppressive treatments, including several biologics approved for CD.
Validation of a novel risk score to predict mortality after surgery for acute type A dissection
Authors: Kofler Markus , Heck Roland , Seeber Fabian , Montagner Matteo , Gasser Simone , Stastny Lukas , Kurz Stephan D , Grimm Michael , Falk Volkmar , Kempfert Jörg , Dumfarth Julia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to externally validate a lab-based risk score (lactate, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase or bilirubin) by Ghoreishi et al. to predict perioperative mortality in patients undergoing surgical repair for acute type A aortic dissection.

METHODS
The risk score to predict operative mortality was applied to a large and homogenous validation cohort that consisted of 632 patients undergoing surgery for acute type A aortic dissection in 2 centres. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine the impact on survival. Receiver operating characteristics with deduced area under the curve were used to assess the ability to predict perioperative mortality.

RESULTS
A total of 632 patients (54% male, mean age 62 ± 14 years) were assigned to 3 different risk groups according to the calculated mortality score [low risk &lt;7 (31.2%), moderate risk 7–20 (36.1%) and high &gt;20 (32.7%)]. Perioperative mortality was 8% in the low-risk group, 10% in the moderate-risk group and 24% in the high-risk group (P &lt; 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis of this new score revealed an area under the curve of 0.69 with adequate calibration. In addition, multivariable analysis revealed an independet assocation with perioperative mortality (odds ratio 1.509; 95% confidence interval 1.042–2.185). While overall survival differed between the risk groups (P &lt; 0.0001), the score does not serve as an independent predictor of long-term mortality when adjusted for relevant covariates.

CONCLUSIONS
The external validation process confirmed that a newly proposed risk score offers clinicians a helpful and reliable tool to improve the preoperative risk assessment of acute type A aortic dissection patients based on easily accessible and broadly available laboratory parameters.
Malocclusion severity and its associations with oral health-related quality of life in an adult population
Authors: Närhi Linnea , Tolvanen Mimmi , Pirttiniemi Pertti , Silvola Anna-Sofia 
Published: September 2021

Summary

Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate malocclusion severity and its associations with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among middle-aged adults.

Materials and methods
The study material consisted of 1786 subjects from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 who attended dental and oral examination as part of the 46-year-old follow-up study. Malocclusion severity was assessed using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and the Peer Assessment Rating index (PAR) from digital 3D dental models. Participants also answered a questionnaire including the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and a question on their satisfaction with occlusal function. Differences between malocclusion severity groups were evaluated for both genders separately. For adjusted models, multivariate Poisson regression models were conducted.

Results
In this study population, 31.3% had great or very great orthodontic treatment need according to DHC and the mean PAR total score was 22.05. The most severe malocclusions were associated with OHRQoL, especially the psychosocial and handicap dimensions, and satisfaction with occlusal function. There was a significant difference between genders, men having more severe malocclusion but women reporting more OHRQoL impacts.

Conclusion
One third of the study population were considered to have severe malocclusion. There was an association between malocclusion severity and OHRQoL in adult population, particularly in women.
Addressing sociolinguistic challenges in teaching spoken grammar
Authors: Ruivivar June 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Over the last 25 years, scholars have proposed several recommendations for including spoken grammar in second language classrooms. However, recent studies point to potential challenges in this endeavour: learners may feel inauthentic when using what they see as ‘native-speaker’ forms, and interlocutors may see these forms as less acceptable when used by non-native speakers. This paper examines current recommendations for teaching spoken grammar in light of these issues and proposes a functional teaching approach that presents spoken grammar as a communicative resource rather than a formal characteristic of native-speaker usage. It then reports on a pilot study exploring the feasibility and students’ reception of such an approach. The paper concludes that it is possible to adapt spoken grammar pedagogy to be more socioculturally sensitive, and that teaching should aim towards a fuller understanding and appreciation of the affordances of spoken grammar.
Jakob Adlung’s ‘Anweisung zum Fantasiren’ (c.1725–7): edition, translation and introduction
Authors: Remeš Derek , Maul Michael 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Jakob Adlung’s recently rediscovered manuscript treatise, ‘Anweisung zum Fantasiren’ (‘Instruction in improvisation’, c.1725–7), proves definitively that some 18th-century musicians understood improvisation modularly in terms of stock voice-leading patterns, or schemas. The manuscript is a compendium containing 28 typical voice-leading patterns that are to be memorized, varied and combined in myriad ways. Adlung’s treatise is thus of particular value, not only because of its numerous musical examples and extensive textual commentary, but because it reveals some of the musical and social expectations of the average central German church organist in the early 18th century. This article offers an introduction to the treatise in the context of Adlung’s biography, with an online appendix containing a critical edition of the treatise and an English translation.
Evolution and Reproducibility of Simulation Modeling in Epidemiology and Health Policy Over Half a Century
Authors: Jalali Mohammad S , DiGennaro Catherine , Guitar Abby , Lew Karen , Rahmandad Hazhir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Simulation models are increasingly being used to inform epidemiologic studies and health policy, yet there is great variation in their transparency and reproducibility. In this review, we provide an overview of applications of simulation models in health policy and epidemiology, analyze the use of best reporting practices, and assess the reproducibility of the models using predefined, categorical criteria. We identified and analyzed 1,613 applicable articles and found exponential growth in the number of studies over the past half century, with the highest growth in dynamic modeling approaches. The largest subset of studies focused on disease policy models (70%), within which pathological conditions, viral diseases, neoplasms, and cardiovascular diseases account for one-third of the articles. Model details were not reported in almost half of the studies. We also provide in-depth analysis of modeling best practices, reporting quality and reproducibility of models for a subset of 100 articles (50 highly cited and 50 randomly selected from the remaining articles). Only 7 of 26 in-depth evaluation criteria were satisfied by more than 80% of samples. We identify areas for increased application of simulation modeling and opportunities to enhance the rigor and documentation in the conduct and reporting of simulation modeling in epidemiology and health policy.
Maternal and neonatal complications in women with congenital heart disease: a nationwide analysis
Authors: Lammers Astrid Elisabeth , Diller Gerhard-Paul , Lober Rieke , Möllers Mareike , Schmidt Renate , Radke Robert M , De-Torres-Alba Fernando , Kaleschke Gerrit , Marschall Ursula , Bauer Ulrike M , Gerß Joachim , Enders Dominic , Baumgartner Helmut 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to provide population-based data on maternal and neonatal complications and outcome in the pregnancies of women with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods and results
Based on administrative data from one of the largest German Health Insurance Companies (BARMER GEK, ∼9 million members representative for Germany), all pregnancies in women with CHD between 2005 and 2018 were analysed. In addition, an age-matched non-CHD control group was included for comparison and the association between adult CHD (ACHD) and maternal or neonatal outcomes investigated. Overall, 7512 pregnancies occurred in 4015 women with CHD. The matched non-CHD control group included 6502 women with 11 225 pregnancies. Caesarean deliveries were more common in CHD patients (40.5% vs. 31.5% in the control group; P &lt; 0.001). There was no excess mortality. Although the maternal complication rate was low in absolute terms, women with CHD had a significantly higher rate of stroke, heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias during pregnancy (P &lt; 0.001 for all). Neonatal mortality was low but also significantly higher in the ACHD group (0.83% vs. 0.22%; P = 0.001) and neonates to CHD mothers had low/extremely low birth weight or extreme immaturity (&lt;0.001) or required resuscitation and mechanical ventilation more often compared to non-CHD offspring (P &lt; 0.001 for both). On multivariate logistic regression maternal defect complexity, arterial hypertension, heart failure, prior fertility treatment, and anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists emerged as significant predictors of adverse neonatal outcome (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Recurrence of CHD was 6.1 times higher in infants to ACHD mothers compared to controls (P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
This population-based study illustrates a reassuringly low maternal mortality rate in a highly developed healthcare system. Nevertheless, maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity/mortality were significantly increased in women with ACHD and their offspring compared to non-ACHD controls highlighting the need of specialized care and pre-pregnancy counselling.
Clinical features and survival in Takayasu’s arteritis-associated pulmonary hypertension: a nationwide study
Authors: Jiang Xin , Zhu Yong-Jian , Zhou Yu-Ping , Peng Fu-Hua , Wang Lan , Ma Wei , Cao Yun-Shan , Pan Xin , Zhang Gang-Cheng , Zhang Feng , Fan Fen-Ling , Wu Bing-Xiang , Huang Wei , Yang Zhen-Wen , Hong Cheng , Li Meng-Tao , Wang Yi-Ning , Xu Xi-Qi , Wang Duo-Lao , Zhang Shu-Yang , Jing Zhi-Cheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and long-term survival outcome in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis-associated pulmonary hypertension (TA-PH).Methods and resultsWe conducted a nationally representative cohort study of TA-PH using data from the National Rare Diseases Registry System of China. Patients with pulmonary artery involvement who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Takayasu’s arteritis and pulmonary hypertension were included. The primary outcome was the time from diagnosis of TA-PH to the occurrence of all-cause death. Between January 2007 and January 2019, a total of 140 patients were included, with a mean age of 41.4 years at diagnosis, and a female predominance (81%). Patients with TA-PH had severely haemodynamic and functional impairments at diagnosis. Significant improvements have been found in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and haemodynamic profiles in patients with TA-PH receiving drugs approved for pulmonary arterial hypertension. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in TA-PH were 94.0%, 83.2%, and 77.2%, respectively. Predictors associated with an increased risk of all-cause death were syncope [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 5.38 (95% confidence interval 1.77–16.34), P = 0.003], NT-proBNP level [adjusted HR 1.04 (1.03–1.06), P &lt; 0.001], and mean right atrial pressure [adjusted HR 1.07 (1.01–1.13), P = 0.015].ConclusionPatients with TA-PH were predominantly female and had severely compromised haemodynamics. More than 80% of patients in our cohort survived for at least 3 years. Medical treatment was based on investigators’ personal opinions, and no clear risk-to-benefit ratio can be derived from the presented data.
Cardiovascular immunotoxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a safety meta-analysis
Authors: Dolladille Charles , Akroun Julia , Morice Pierre-Marie , Dompmartin Anne , Ezine Emilien , Sassier Marion , Da-Silva Angélique , Plane Anne-Flore , Legallois Damien , L’Orphelin Jean-Mathieu , Alexandre Joachim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
The risk and incidence of cardiovascular (CV) immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients remain unknown.

Methods and results
We systematically reviewed all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) including at least one ICI-containing arm and available CV adverse event (CVAE) data in cancer patients in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry, Medline, and the Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials, up to 31 August 2020 (CRD42020165672). The primary outcome was the summary risk of 16 different CVAEs associated with ICI exposure vs. controls (placebo and non-placebo) in RCTs. CVAEs with an increased risk associated with ICI exposure were considered as CV irAEs. Summary incidences of CV irAEs identified in our primary outcome analyses were computed using all RCTs including at least one ICI-containing arm. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to obtain Peto odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and logit transformation and inverse variance weighting to compute summary incidences. Sixty-three unique RCTs with at least one ICI-containing arm (32 518 patients) were retrieved, among which 48 (29 592 patients) had a control arm. Among the 16 CVAEs studied, ICI use was associated with an increased risk of 6 CV irAEs including myocarditis, pericardial diseases, heart failure, dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, and cerebral arterial ischaemia with higher risks for myocarditis (Peto OR: 4.42, 95% CI: 1.56–12.50, P &lt; 0.01; I 2 = 0%, P = 0.93) and dyslipidemia (Peto OR: 3.68, 95% CI: 1.89–7.19, P &lt; 0.01; I 2 = 0%, P = 0.66). The incidence of these CVAEs ranged from 3.2 (95% CI 2.0–5.1) to 19.3 (6.7–54.1) per 1000 patients, in studies with a median follow-up ranging from 3.2 to 32.8 months.

Conclusion
In RCTs, ICI use was associated with six CV irAEs, not confined to myocarditis and pericarditis.
Compensatory post-diuretic renal sodium reabsorption is not a dominant mechanism of diuretic resistance in acute heart failure
Authors: Cox Zachary L , Rao Veena S , Ivey-Miranda Juan B , Moreno-Villagomez Julieta , Mahoney Devin , Ponikowski Piotr , Biegus Jan , Turner Jeffrey M , Maulion Christopher , Bellumkonda Lavanya , Asher Jennifer L , Parise Helen , Wilson Perry F , Ellison David H , Wilcox Christopher S , Testani Jeffrey M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
In healthy volunteers, the kidney deploys compensatory post-diuretic sodium reabsorption (CPDSR) following loop diuretic-induced natriuresis, minimizing sodium excretion and producing a neutral sodium balance. CPDSR is extrapolated to non-euvolemic populations as a diuretic resistance mechanism; however, its importance in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is unknown.

Methods and results
Patients with ADHF in the Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance cohort receiving intravenous loop diuretics (462 administrations in 285 patients) underwent supervised urine collections entailing an immediate pre-diuretic spot urine sample, then 6-h (diuretic-induced natriuresis period) and 18-h (post-diuretic period) urine collections. The average spot urine sodium concentration immediately prior to diuretic administration [median 15 h (13–17) after last diuretic] was 64 ± 33 mmol/L with only 4% of patients having low (&lt;20 mmol/L) urine sodium consistent with CPDSR. Paradoxically, greater 6-h diuretic-induced natriuresis was associated with larger 18-h post-diuretic spontaneous natriuresis (r = 0.7, P &lt; 0.001). Higher pre-diuretic urine sodium to creatinine ratio (r = 0.37, P &lt; 0.001) was the strongest predictor of post-diuretic spontaneous natriuresis. In a subgroup of patients (n = 43) randomized to protocol-driven intensified diuretic therapies, the mean diuretic-induced natriuresis increased three-fold. In contrast to the substantial decrease in spontaneous natriuresis predicted by CPDSR, no change in post-diuretic spontaneous natriuresis was observed (P = 0.47).

Conclusion
On a population level, CPDSR was not an important driver of diuretic resistance in hypervolemic ADHF. Contrary to CPDSR, a greater diuretic-induced natriuresis predicted a larger post-diuretic spontaneous natriuresis. Basal sodium avidity, rather than diuretic-induced CPDSR, appears to be the predominant determinate of both diuretic-induced and post-diuretic natriuresis in hypervolemic ADHF.