bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnoveterinary Practices of Medicinal Plants and Non-plant Remedies Used in Animal Health Management in Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Dinbiso Tegegn Dilbato , Fulasa Tadele Tolesa , Begna Feyissa Deressa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Ethnoveterinary medicine is frequently used for treating various livestock diseases by many different ethnic groups in Ethiopia. To this end, the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants and non-plant remedies has not been systematically documented and studied in the Dawuro zone. Therefore, a community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from November, 2017 to September, 2018 in order to identify and document medicinal plants and non-plant remedies used in animal health management.Methods: Relevant information on ethnoveterinary practice was collected from purposively selected 115 key informants using semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, observations and field guided walk methods. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, quantitative ethnobotanical methods and t-test and significantly test was set to p< 0.05. The plants claimed having medicinal value were collected and botanically identified.Results: The study revealed 103 plant species belong to 47 families and 11 non-plant remedies used to manage 36 different livestock ailments. Family Asteraceae accounted for 11.5% of the total species recorded. The majority of plants (56.2%) were harvested from wild habitat. Herbs (33.8%) were the main source of medicine followed by tree (30.6%). Leaves (43.6%) and roots (27.5%) were the main plant parts used while pounding was the major form in remedy preparation. The highest Informant Consensus Factor (0.83) value was scored for the disease of the reproductive system. Significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in average number of therapeutic plants reported by illiterate higher than literate groups. Cyphostemma flavicans (Baker) Desc. and Pentas schimperi were showed the highest Fidelity Level (100%) to treat disease of the reproductive system, and emaciation and bone fracture as plant materials whereas Bear faeces, sharp hot iron or wire/knife, and common salt were non-plant remedies used in the study area.Conclusion: The study revealed that the local community of in the study areas was used with a rich of indigenous knowledge of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants. The loss of valuable medicinal plant resources of the area calls for urgent and coordinated actions to develop conservation strategies.
Water quality assessment of Middle Route of South-North Water Diversion Project based on modified Nemerow index method
Authors: Yang Yilin , Zhang Dawei , Quan Jin , Wang Pengwen , Xu Yi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is of great significance to find a scientific way to assess the water quality of the Middle Route of the South-North Water Diversion Project. In this paper, the spatio-temporal changes of the 26 water quality indicators in eight key monitoring stations along the Middle Route since the project was put into use were analyzed, and the modified Nemerow index method was employed to assess the water quality of the route in its early stage of operation. The results show that the water quality remained good in the period of study. Important water quality indicators were identified, including temperature, permanganate index, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, mercury content, and density of planktonic algae. It is advised that potential ecological risks related to algae and shellfish reproduction in the open canal deserve special attention.
CO2 introduced the coagulation-flocculation of oil acidized wastewater: pollutant removal and cost analysis
Authors: Qin Jinyi , Gong Yifan , Qin Chuan , Meng Hailong , He Yiwen , Qin Qingyang , Gao Junfa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is difficult to adjust the pH of oil acidized wastewater rich in Ca2+, thus hindering the polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculation. This study aims at accelerating the flocculation process by introducing CO2 into the water to induce the formation of CaCO3 nuclei. The order in which CO2 and NaOH were added affected the floc structures. Compared with CO2-NaOH-PAM, the flocs of NaOH-CO2-PAM were more compact and more CaCO3 crystals were formed. The aqueous Ca2+ involved in the reaction reached 20%, and CO2 utilization was enhanced. The settling time was shortened by half (from 20 to 3 min), and NaOH consumption was reduced by one-tenth (from 0.03 to 0.003 mol), hence significantly reducing the costs. Due to the higher settling rate and shorter contact time, the NaOH-CO2-PAM flocs adsorbed less so that the residual oil was 124 mg·L−1, while in the case of CO2-NaOH-PAM it was 88 mg·L−1. As a promising coagulation aid, CO2 can also be used to mineralize pollutants in wastewater.
A Review of Water-Resistant Cellulose-Based Materials in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Application
Authors: He Bei , Liu Xinxin , Qi Shi , Zheng Run , Chang Minmin , Lin Qixuan , Ren Junli 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Cellulose, having huge reserves of natural polymers, has been
widely applied in pharmaceutical and biomedicine fields due to its good biocompatibility,
biodegradability, non-toxicity and excellent mechanical properties. At present, water-
resistant metal-based and petroleum-based materials applied in the medical field have
obvious problems of poor biocompatibility and high cost. Therefore, water-resistant cellulose-
based materials with good biocompatibility and low price have become an attractive
alternative. This review aims to summarize the preparation of water-resistant cellulose-
based materials and their potential application in pharmaceutical and biomedical in
recent years.

Methods:
Common hydrophobic treatments of cellulose fibers or paper were
overviewed. The preparation, properties and applications of water-resistant cellulose-
based materials in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields were summarized.

Results:
Common hydrophobic treatments of cellulose fibers or paper were divided into
chemical modification (graft polymerization, crosslinking, solution casting or dip-coating),
physico-chemical surface modifications (plasma treatments, surface patterning, electrostatic
spraying and electrowetting) and physical processing (electrostatic spinning,
SAS process and 3D EHD printing). These hydrophobically processed cellulose fibers or
paper could be prepared into various water-resistant cellulose-based materials and applied
in pharmaceutical excipients, drug-loaded amphiphilic micelles, drug-loaded composite
fibers, hydrophobic biocomposite film/coatings and paper-based detectors. They
presented excellent water resistance and biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity and high drug
loading ability, and stable drug release rate, etc., which could be used for water-insoluble
drugs carriers, wound dressings, and medical testing equipment.

Conclusion:
Currently, water-resistant cellulose-based materials were mainly applied in water-insoluble drugs delivery carriers, wound dressing and medical diagnosis and presented great application prospects. However, the contradiction between hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of these reported water-resistant cellulose-based materials limited their wider application in biomedicine such as tissue engineering. In the future, attention will be focused on the higher hydrophobicity of water-resistant cellulose-based materials with excellent mechanical properties. In addition, clinical medical research of water-resistant cellulose-based materials should be strengthened.
LncRNA-mRNA Expression Profiles and Functional Networks Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Folate-deficient Mice
Authors: Xu Guohai , Feng Xiaojin , Zhan Fenfang , Hu Jialing , Hua Fuzhou 
Published: February 2021

Background:Cognitive impairment is a common neurocognitive disorder that affects millions of worldwide people’s health,related tofolate deficiency.Objective:The present study aimed to investigate the lncRNA-mRNA functional networks associated with cognitive impairment in folate-deficient mice and elucidate their possible molecular mechanisms.Methods:We downloaded the gene expression profile (GSE148126) of lncRNAs and mRNAs from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Four groups of mouse hippocampi were analyzed, including 4 months (4mo) and 18 months (18mo) of folic acid (FA) deficiency/supplementation. The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified using gplots and heatmap packages. The functions of the DEmRNAs were evaluated using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The hub genes wereidentified by CytoHubba plugins of Cytoscape, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of deregulated mRNAs was performed using STRING database. Finally, lncRNA-mRNA co-expression and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analyses were constructed.Results:In total, we screened 67 lncRNAs with 211 mRNAs, and 89 lncRNAs with 229 mRNAs were differentially expressed in 4mo_FAand 18mo_FA deficient mice, respectively. GO analyses indicated that DEmRNAs were highly related to terms involved in binding and biological regulation. KEGG pathway analyses demonstrated that these genes were significantly enriched for Renin secretion, Pancreatic secretion and AMPK signaling pathways in 18mo_FA deficiency group. Subsequently, the top 5 hub genes werescreened from the PPI network, which may be key genes with the progression of folate deficiency. Upon the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network analysis, we identified the top 10 lncRNAs having the maximum number of connections with related mRNAs. Finally, a ceRNA network was constructed for DE lncRNAs and DEmRNAs, and several pivotal miRNAs were predicted.Conclusions:This study identified the lncRNA-mRNA expression profiles and functional networks associated with cognitive impairment in folate-deficient mice, which provided support for the possible mechanisms and therapy for this disease.
Synthesis of Silica Based Nanoparticles Against the Proliferation of Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Durmus Irem M. , Deveci Ilyas , Karakurt Serdar 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Prostate cancer(PCa) has the second-highest morbidity and mortality rates in men. Possessing facile surface chemistry and unique optical properties make silica nanoparticles(SiO2-NPs) promising cancer therapy materials.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of SiO2-NPs and their derivatives, including SiNP-NH2, SiNP-Cl, and SiNP-SH against PCa and clarify their molecular mechanism on cell death, gene, and protein expressions.

Methods:
Following the synthesis and derivation of SiO2-NPs, their characterization was carried out using TEM, DLS, BET, and FT-IR. Cytotoxic properties of the compounds were investigated against different human cancerous cells, including HUH-7, A549, DLD-1, HeLa, NCI-H295R, and PC-3, as well as human healthy epithelium cell line PNT1A.

Results:
SiNP-NH2, SiNP-Cl, and SiNP-SH dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 cells with an
IC50 value as 55.46 μg/mL, 55.09 μg/mL and 72.89 μg/mL, respectively. SiNP-SH significantly(p<0.0001) inhibited
metastasis and invasion of PC-3 cells(20.4% and 46.7%, respectively), and significantly(p<0.0001) increased
early apoptosis(32.3%) when compared with non-treated cells. Protein and mRNA expressions of
BcL-2, Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-12, p53, Smad-4, Kras, and Nf-ĸB were also altered following the
treatment of SiO2-NPs and its derivatives.

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated that –SH functioned SiO2-NPs can prevent the proliferation of human PCa by increasing apoptosis by upregulating gene and protein expression of p53(TP53) as well as caspase-3, caspase-9, and caspase-12 in the apoptotic pathway. Besides, the increased level of Smad-4 has also implicated the decreased cell proliferation. Hence, low sized SiNP-SH nanoparticles might be a suitable candidate for the treatment of human PCa.
The Potential for Phospholipids in the Treatment of Airway Inflammation: An Unexplored Solution
Authors: Komalla Varsha , Mehta Meenu , Achi Fatima , Dua Kamal , Haghi Mehra 
Published: February 2021

:Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF) are major inflammatory respiratory diseases. Current mainstay therapy for asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are corticosteroids, which have well-established side effect profiles. Phospholipids (PLs) are ubiquitous, diverse compounds with varying functions such as their structural role in the cell membrane, energy storage, and cell signaling. Recent advances in understanding PLs role as inflammatory mediators in the body as well as their widespread long-standing use as carrier molecules in drug delivery demonstrate the potential application of PLs in modulating inflammatory conditions.:This review briefly explains the main mechanisms of inflammation in chronic respiratory diseases, current anti-inflammatory treatments and areas of unmet need. The structural features, roles of endogenous and exogenous phospholipids, including their use as pharmaceutical excipients, are reviewed. Current research on the immunomodulatory properties of PLs and their potential application in inflammatory diseases is the major section of this review.:Considering the roles of PLs as inflammatory mediators and their safety profile established in pharmaceutical formulations, these small molecules demonstrate great potential as candidates in respiratory inflammation. Future studies need to focus on the immunomodulatory properties and the underlying mechanisms of PLs in respiratory inflammatory diseases.
development strategy of civil association cooperative
Authors: Rahmiyati Nekky , Andayani Sri , Indartuti Endang 
Published: February 2021

Cooperatives' existence and role in supporting national economic activities are essential and strategic. Strengthening the cooperative economy and small business economy is a priority. Kediri City received the cooperative award from the Ministry of Cooperatives and MSME in 2017. The award was given because it successfully guided and developed Cooperatives. Until now Kediri City has a cooperative citizen association (CA) that has been formed. One hundred fifty cooperatives from a total of 352 CA have been created in the city. Data analysis using SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in a project or business speculation. These four factors make up the SWOT acronym (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats). They are used to determine the strategy for developing an CA Cooperative in Kediri. Based on the calculation from the results of the SWOT analysis, the total score of the internal strategic factor analysis (IFAS) obtained a score of 2.54, and this shows thatThe CA Cooperative has an excellent strength to face the opportunities and threats that occur.
An Online Platform to Provide Work and Study Support for Young People With Mental Health Challenges: Observational and Survey Study
Authors: Rickwood Debra , Kennedy Vanessa , Miyazaki Koki , Telford Nic , Carbone Stephen , Hewitt Ella , Watts Carolyn 
Published: February 2021

Background
Young people, aged 15-25 years, are at a critical stage of life when they need to navigate vocational pathways and achieve work and study outcomes. Those with mental health problems are particularly at risk of disengagement with work and study and need effective support. The headspace Work and Study (hWS) service is an innovative online platform implemented in Australia to support young people aged 15-25 years with mental health problems to achieve work and study goals.

Objective
This study aims to determine whether the hWS service has been implemented as planned, provides appropriate support for young people, and achieves its main goals.

Methods
Data were collected via 2 methodologies: (1) the hWS Minimum Data Set, which includes data on all clients in the service (n=1139), services delivered, and service impact; and (2) a survey of hWS clients who volunteered to participate in an evaluation of the hWS service (n=137).

Results
The service was accessed by its defined target group, young people aged 15-25 years with mental health and work and study difficulties. Young people found the online platform to be acceptable, and the assistance provided and clinical integration useful; many young people achieved positive work and study outcomes, particularly those who engaged more times with the service. More assistance was sought for work than study goals, suggesting that the transition to work may be particularly challenging for young people. One-third (298/881, 33.8%) of the sample for the service impact analyses achieved at least 1 primary work or study outcome, and this increased to 44.5% (225/506) for those who engaged with 5 or more sessions, demonstrating that greater engagement with the service produced better outcomes.

Conclusions
Critical work and study support can be effectively delivered via an online modality to young people with common mental health problems. Digital services are scaleable to reach many young people and are of particular value for those with difficulty accessing in-person services.
The importance of immunosupression in the development of the heavy form of cytomegaloviral infection in newborn children
Authors: Kravchenko L. V. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: to study the features of disorders in T and B cell immunity and the synthesis of serum immunoglobulins of classes IgA, IgM, IgG with the aim of predicting severe cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) in newborns.Research methods: 133 newborns with cytomegalovirus infection were examined. Lymphocytes were typed to differentiation clusters CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 using monoclonal antibodies, IMMUNOTECH (France). The expression of membrane markers of immunocompetent cells was determined using a Beckman COULTER EpicsXLII ﬂow laser cytoﬂuorimeter. Depending on the severity of the condition, all children were divided into two groups: 1 — CMVI, severe form — 60 people (45,1%); 2 CMVI, moderate form — 73 people (54,9%).Results. Using the «classiﬁcation trees» method, we were able to develop a differentiated approach to the prognosis of a severe form of CMVI in newborn children. Systems of inequalities were obtained, four of which classify a subgroup of newborns with severe CMVI. Conclusion: the proposed diagnostic rules can be considered screening markers for prognosis of a severe form of CMVI in newborns.
Сlinical and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive servicemen in Russian Ministry of Defence as justification for directions of optimizing the medical care to servicemen
Authors: Bulankov Yu. I. , Bulygin M. A. , Zhdanov K. V. , Murachev A. A. , Bulygina D. S. , Orlova E. S. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: to justify the main directions of optimizing the medical care system for HIV-infected military personnel of the Ministry of Defense of Russia on the basis of studying the clinical, epidemiological and social characteristics of. servicemen.The materialsconsisted of 188 case histories of servicemen undergoing examination and treatment in the only specialized department for military medical examination and treatment of the Ministry of Defense of Russia. In the processing and analysis of data we used modern methods of descriptive statistics.Results of the study. HIV infection rate of the servicemen in Russian Federation is at a consistently low level. HIV-positive servicemen are characterized by: sexual heterosexual way of infection; high social status (income, education, housing conditions), low prevalence of associated pathology. Access of most HIV-positive military personnel to dispensary observation (76,6%) and receiving antiretroviral therapy (66,1%) in the centers for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases has already been implemented, despite the lack of a regulatory framework of the Russian Ministry of Defense. A high level of adherence to dispensary observation and receiving antiretroviral therapy (about 95%) was noted in HIV-positive military personnel. Ensuring the legitimate access of HIV-infected military personnel to antiretroviral therapy practically does not require an increase in funding.
Molecular and genetic properties of hepatitis b virus and their clinical role in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Tereshkov D. V. , Mitsura V. M. , Gasich E. L. 
Published: February 2021

Objective. To study the molecular and genetic properties of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and their relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with chronic HBV infection.Materials and methods. The study group included 228 patients with chronic HBV-infection. Routine hematological and biochemical tests, serum HBV DNA level, liver ﬁbrosis (F) stage were measured. The determination of HBV genotype, subtype and drug resistance mutations was carried out by sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis in 131 patients.Results. HBV DNA level above 2000 IU/ml was found in 68,4% of patients. The majority of the patients were HBeAg-negative (87,3%), they had viral load lower as compared with those HBeAg-positive (p<0,001). The viral load had a positive correlation with aminotransferases activity and severity of liver ﬁbrosis, and negative correlation with the platelets count, albumin and prothrombin levels. HBV DNA level in patients with advanced liver ﬁbrosis (F2-F4) was signiﬁcantly higher vs. those with liver ﬁbrosis stage F0-F1 (p=0,001). In patients with viral load above 2000 IU/ml hepatic necrosis, hypoalbuminemia and dysproteinemia were more pronounced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of HBV genotypes D (74,8%) and A (23,7%), as well as genotype C and recombinant form D/A/D were detected. Patients with genotype D had higher aminotransferases and gammaglutamiltransferase (p<0,05) levels, and higher proportion of advanced liver ﬁbrosis (F2-F4, p=0,04) vs. those with genotype A; no differences in viral load were found. Antiviral treatment is indicated in 59,2% of patients with genotype D, and only in 38,7% with genotype A (p=0,046).
Comparisons of Polyexposure, Polygenic, and Clinical Risk Scores in Risk Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: He Yixuan , Lakhani Chirag M. , Rasooly Danielle , Manrai Arjun K. , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Patel Chirag J. 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVETo establish a polyexposure score (PXS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) incorporating 12 nongenetic exposures and examine whether a PXS and/or a polygenic risk score (PGS) improves diabetes prediction beyond traditional clinical risk factors.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe identified 356,621 unrelated individuals from the UK Biobank of White British ancestry with no prior diagnosis of T2D and normal HbA1c levels. Using self-reported and hospital admission information, we deployed a machine learning procedure to select the most predictive and robust factors out of 111 nongenetically ascertained exposure and lifestyle variables for the PXS in prospective T2D. We computed the clinical risk score (CRS) and PGS by taking a weighted sum of eight established clinical risk factors and &gt;6 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively.RESULTSIn the study population, 7,513 had incident T2D. The C-statistics for the PGS, PXS, and CRS models were 0.709, 0.762, and 0.839, respectively. Individuals in the top 10% of PGS, PXS, and CRS had 2.00-, 5.90-, and 9.97-fold greater risk, respectively, compared to the remaining population. Addition of PGS and PXS to CRS improved T2D classification accuracy, with a continuous net reclassification index of 15.2% and 30.1% for cases, respectively, and 7.3% and 16.9% for controls, respectively.CONCLUSIONSFor T2D, the PXS provides modest incremental predictive value over established clinical risk factors. However, the concept of PXS merits further consideration in T2D risk stratification and is likely to be useful in other chronic disease risk prediction models.