bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can an average THI from 70 to 72 in the Summer Affect Behaviour, Physiology, Performance, and Carcass Weight in Feedlot Steers?
Authors: Canozzi Maria Eugênia Andrighetto , Clariget Juan Manuel , Roig Gonzalo , Pérez Eduardo , Aznárez Valentín , Banchero Georgget , Manna Alejandro La 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Environmental conditions during hot weather can decrease feed intake and cattle growth. This study conducted over three consecutive years (Trial 1, 2, and 3), in the same feedlot facility, evaluated access to shade as a strategy to mitigate heat stress of cattle finished during summer in Uruguay. Each year, 32 Bos taurus and/or Bos traurus crossbred steers (initially weighing 461 ± 28 kg) were blocked and assigned to one of eight pens (4 animals/pen), where one of two treatments were applied –no shade or shade access. Twenty-four pens were considered in a randomized complete block design. For Trial 1, 2, and 3, respectively, the average THI was 71, 72, and 70. Steers with access to shade had greater daily dry matter intake (P = 0.003), average daily gain (P = 0.004), final live weight (P = 0.04), feed:gain ratio (P = 0.05), and slaughter weight (P = 0.02) than no shaded steers. Ruminal pH was higher (P < 0.0001) in shaded than in no shaded animals. The average respiration rate and panting score was lower (P < 0.0001) for shaded than for no shaded steers, except in the early morning. Access to shade increased the time spent of animals feeding (P = 0.008) and ruminating (P = 0.001), decreasing inactive time (P < 0.0001). We concluded that shade could improve performance and welfare of feedlot cattle during summertime even in regions with an average THI from 70 to 72.
Natural selection at the RASGEF1C (GGC) repeat in human and divergent genotypes in late-onset neurocognitive disorder.
Authors: Jafarian Zahra , Khamse Safoura , Afshar Hossein , Khorshid Hamid Reza Khorram , Delbari Ahmad , Ohadi Mina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Expression dysregulation of the neuron-specific gene, RASGEF1C (RasGEF Domain Family Member 1C), occurs in late-onset neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease. This gene contains a (GGC)13, spanning its core promoter and 5′ untranslated region (RASGEF1C-201 ENST00000361132.9). Here we sequenced the (GGC)-repeat in a sample of human subjects (N = 269), consisting of late-onset NCDs (N = 115) and controls (N = 154). We also studied the status of this STR across various primate and non-primate species based on Ensembl 103. The 6-repeat allele was the predominant allele in the controls (frequency = 0.85) and NCD patients (frequency = 0.78). The NCD genotype compartment consisted of an excess of genotypes that lacked the 6-repeat (divergent genotypes) (Mid-P exact = 0.004). A number of those genotypes were not detected in the control group (Mid-P exact = 0.007). The RASGEF1C (GGC)-repeat expanded beyond 2-repeats specifically in primates, and was at maximum length in human. We conclude that there is natural selection for the 6-repeat allele of the RASGEF1C (GGC)-repeat in human, and significant divergence from that allele in late-onset NCDs. STR alleles that are predominantly abundant and genotypes that deviate from those alleles are underappreciated features, which may have deep evolutionary and pathological consequences.
What determines the values of environmental benefits? Evidence from a worldwide survey
Authors: Murakami Kayo , Itsubo Norihiro , Kuriyama Koichi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
One of the key obstacles to building international cooperation for environmental problems is the fact that environmental benefits are valued differently in different countries. But where does the disparity come from? This study gives an answer to this question by analysing large-scale survey data collected across G20 countries. Combining lifecycle impact assessment and economic valuation techniques, we found that people's perceptions of environmental benefits are in fact diverse, but are highly correlated with a few social indicators such as life expectancy, the Gini index, and subjective well-being. Our findings suggest that improving these social indicators in otherwise ill-equipped countries will facilitate convergence of people's perceptions and will thereby establish a common ground for tackling global environmental issues.
Complete genome analysis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 phage vB_EcoP_E212, a novel genus Lederbergvirus
Authors: Wei Bingdong , Cong Cong , Zheng Lin , Chen Long , Yan Xiaogang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The features and genome annotation of a newly bacteriophage v B_EcoP_E212 (referred to as E212) which isolated from farm sewage collected in Jilin, China was describes in this study. Bacteriophage E212 belongs to the family Podoviridae, order Caudovirales through transmission electron microscopy. This phage specifically infects enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. The dsDNA molecule of phage E212 was 38252 bp in length and contained 46.98% G + C content. It has been predicted to contain 53 ORFs, and no tRNAs. Phage E212 carried the integrase gene, and no homologues of virulence factors or antimicrobial resistance genes were found in this phage. Phage E212 was assigned to the genus Lederbergvirus in accordance with nucleotide sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis.
Effects of pesticides on maize crop using experimental animals
Authors: Farooq Abdul Munim , Zameer Mariam , Tahir Ussal , Zahra Nureen , Yaqub Shazia , Qammar Zahida , Rahat Nida , Mazhar Hafiz Sabah-ud-din , Nasir Idrees Ahmad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the present era the production and use of pesticides has been increased enormously and it has become the need to carry out such an assessment for the evaluation of pesticides effects on animals and mankind. For that, experiment has been performed to check the biosafety issue of pesticides by experimenting them on animals and also their toxicity has been analyzed on soil and plants. For this, maize crop was selected in the confined area. Pesticide used was Talstar that belongs to a pyrethroid group, and its active ingredient is bifenthrin. Plants were sprayed with this chemical and their toxicity was then checked on the animals. For such purpose four groups of chicken and two groups of rats were selected. Groups of chicken were divided as control, normal maize, high dose pesticide, and low dose pesticide whereas rats were divided as control and experimental group. They were subjected to the feeding trial of pesticide exposed feed for 45 days. Their weights were examined, and the high dose group showed significant effects. Biochemical analysis showed variations in the group belonged to high dose pesticide group. Immense increase in the number of platelets was observed in Wister rats. Morphological and histological study showed no prominent effects. Variations were seen in the negligible factors like weight and blood but only in the groups that were subjected to the high dose of pesticide. No microbial activity was disrupted. Plant growth was satisfactory. So, it is concluded that the effects of pesticides are dependent on time and duration. Hence, pesticides have both negative and positive effects in the welfare of human well-being.
Title: Experiences of Risk In Australian Hotel Quarantine: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Haire Bridget , Gilbert Gwendolyn L , Kaldor John M , Hendrickx David , Dawson Angus , Williams Jane H 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: In response to the threat of COVID-19 infection, Australia mandated a 14 day quarantine period in a designated facility for all travellers returning from overseas from late March 2020. These facilities were usually hotels, or hotel-like serviced apartments, and also included a repurposed former mining village in the Northern Territory. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives and experiences of people quarantined in designated supervised facilities in Australia, which has not been systematically explored before.Methods: In this qualitative study semi-structured interviews were conducted with 58 participants quarantined between March 2020 and January 2021. Participants were returned Australian citizens and residents who were required to undergo mandatory supervised quarantine for COVID-19. Interviews were conducted using video teleconferencing (via Zoom), transcribed and coded, then analysed thematically. The theoretical orientation of the study was empirical bioethics.Results: While participants generally supported the concept of quarantine to protect the Australian public, they were critical of elements of it where they felt exposed to risk (COVID-related or not). They also described instances where infection control within the system seemed inadequate. For some, particularly those quarantined with small children, they reported that the facilities were inadequate or inappropriate for health and wellbeing. Using thematic analysis, three major themes were identified that related to problems in the existing system: Feeling at risk in the quarantine process, risks to the community identified in quarantine, and alternatives to hotel quarantine. Conclusions: There are systemic issues with infection control in hotel quarantine, which can be further undermined by individual non-compliance. Risks to safety for those in quarantine can be reduced, both in terms of infection control within hotel quarantine and, in the case of the Northern Territory facility, timely in-person medical care as needed for non-COVID conditions. Systems of infection control need ongoing review to ensure that people entering quarantine are protected from known risks of infection at every stage. Medical services in quarantine facilities should be examined to ensure timely and appropriate non-COVID medical services are available.
Cobs Porous Carbon-Based Materials With High Energy And Excellent Cycle Stability For Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Kigozi Moses , Koech Richard K , Orisekeh Kingsley , Kali Ravi , Kamoga Omar L M , Padya Balaji , Bello Abdulhakeem , Kasozi Gabriel N , Jain Pawan Kumar , Kirabira John Baptist , Onwualu Azikiwe Peter , Dzade Nelson Y 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose: For application in supercapacitors, improving the efficiency of the electrode materials is the most important for obtaining high performance. Porous carbon with suitable architectures is reliable for improved electrochemical capacitors. In this study, we optimized the maize cobs as a potential abundant precursor for the production of porous carbon supercapacitor applications. This research study aimed to advance on the activation method for Activation of the biomass and to up-cycling agricultural biomass into carbon-based porous materials for supercapacitor electrode application. The carbonized samples were kept in a desiccator for 3 hours to allow intercalation and interaction of the carbon lattice expansion by K+ ion before Activation [Topic, RQ]. Results: The physical and chemical characterization of the synthesized materials was carried out several techniques for determining different properties of the activated carbon from maize cobs, including; structural-functional groups, morphology, chemical composition, physical properties and electrochemical performance. The results revealed surface structure with oxygen-based functional groups carried by XPS and FTIR, the amorphous nature by XRD, high-temperature stability to degradation by TGA/DSC, among others. Also, the structural characterization revealed a BET specific surface area of 1443.94 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.7915cm3/g. Symmetric devices based on the produced materials delivered a specific capacitance of 358.7F/g with an energy density of 12.45 Wh/kg and a corresponding power density of 250 W/kg at 0.5A/g [Outcome]. Conclusions: The as-prepared electrodes exhibited excellent stability with the capacitance retention of 99% at the maximum potential for a repeated 10hr to a total of 130 h. The industries can commercialise these activated carbon materials for application in energy storage systems and water purification due to their porosity and high-temperature resistance to degradation [Contributions].
Antecedents of individual safety behavior during the pandemic times
Authors: Kayani Zakia Khurshid , Fatima Tayyba , Ramayah Thurasamy , Awan Tahir Mumtaz , Khan Ruqia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aims to measure the safety behavior of individuals’ during the pandemic of COVID-19 by integrating Health Belief Model (HBM) and behavioral theories i.e. Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and Information-Motivation Behavioral Skills (IMB).
Methods

The research was conducted in education sector; data was collected from students and staff (teaching and nonteaching) of universities. Mono method was used with deductive approach. Data was collected from 780 respondents and analyzed using Smart PLS3.
Results

A scenario-based survey conducted online, and data was collected from 780 respondents to test the model. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS and Smart PLS3.The results highlighted the factors that leads towards behavioral change during the pandemic times. The results highlighted the factors that leads towards behavioral change during pandemic times.
Conclusions

This study not only contributes into the existing literature on social marketing but also will bring the betterment in the society by measuring the safety behavior of individuals. This research may also help the health policy makers and contributes as communication guideline for individuals to follow safety behaviors which will limit the spread of COVID-19.
Trial Registration:
Not applicable
Impact of Vegetation Cover Structure on Birds' Community at Tianfu National Wetland Park in Jiangsu Kunshan, China
Authors: Ajloon Fathielrahaman H , Xie Dong , Junxue Shao , RuiTing Zhang , Inayng Aniefiok Ini 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Vegetation cover has an essential role in wetland habitats in controlling avian populations throughout the world. The vegetation cover structure in grassland systems varies dramatically among seasons on the same sites. Variation in vegetation cover-abundance richness and diversity has been studied through one hundred forty-seven quadrate samples during summer and autumn, 2019, winter, and spring 2020. Avian species richness and diversity were recorded during the same period. Meanwhile, correlation analysis results confirmed that: (1) there was no apparent seasonal difference in the abundance of vegetation cover while avian abundance was statistically different. (2) Plant abundance in summer was positively correlated with the number of avian, while in autumn it was negatively correlated. Plant and avian abundance at the genus level showed a positive correlation while maintaining a negative correlation at the species level (p < 0.05). However, during summer and autumn, a strong linear relationship exists between vegetation coverage and avian. The Shannon diversity index and Simpson diversity index have a positive linear relationship between vegetation coverage and avian families and genera. Therefore, we conclude that vegetation coverage and richness significantly impact avian communities. We suggest further research into the relationship between other biological communities and farming practices in the wetlands
Health Communication and Popularization in the Context of Epidemic Era: Preferences of the Chinese General Population
Authors: Gao Yaxin , Li Zhu , Mao Zijun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In the current era of big data, it is critical to address people's demand for health science knowledge. At present, the traditional mode of communicating scientific health knowledge and information technology are interchangeable, resulting in the emergence of a new mode of communicating health science knowledge. To publicize health education and popular science knowledge in a targeted way, to meet the public's needs, and to understand how the public's demand for subjects, contents, and forms of health science service has changed in the epidemic era, the investigation of public's demand for health information and popular science knowledge was conducted.
Objective

This study aims to understand the differences in demand for health science popularization service providers, contents, channels, forms, and facilities among Chinese citizens with different genders, ages, education levels, economic conditions, and living environments, and to provide reasonable recommendations for developing health science popularization.
Methods

Questionnaire Star was used to conduct a large sample of random online surveys. In Wuhan, Hubei Province, 2184 questionnaires were issued, 8 invalid questionnaires were eliminated, and 2176 were recovered, with an effective rate of 99.6%. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 was utilized to analyze the survey data.
Results

(1) In health science popularization service providers selected by the public, the proportion of government departments or government collaboration with other institutions exceeded 73%, indicating that health science popularization services are public goods; (2) access to health science popularization services was lower in township areas than in urban areas (P < 0.001); (3) internet media and communicating with acquaintances, which have the highest popularity rate, were also the two channels that were least trusted by the public; and (4) the differences in contents and service channels of health science popularization among residents with different genders, ages, education levels, economic status, and living environments were statistically significant.
Conclusions

(1) It is recommended to establish an integrated health science popularization service model with multi-center supply. Government departments, medical institutions, and media should cooperate effectively to provide health science popularization services. (2) The government should pay attention to the fairness of health education and strengthen the supply of health science popularization services in township areas. (3) It is critical to strengthen the public's ability to discriminate network information and pay attention to scientific thinking cultivation. (4) Health science popularization service providers must focus on the differences between public demands and improve the connotation of health science services.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Coal Structure Damage Under the Action of Surfactant
Authors: Chen He , Wang Laigui , An Wenbo , Zhao Na 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to modify the coal structure. This was done to improve the compactness of the coal structure, promote the damage of coal structure, improve the efficiency of gas drainage, and prevent shock pressure disasters. The mercury intrusion experiment and uniaxial compression experiments were used to determine the changes in the pore structure and mechanical properties of coal after modified by surfactant. This work established six groups of water / surfactant / coal simulation systems with different concentrations. Based on the energy behavior and dynamics characteristics ( interaction energy, relative concentration distribution, radial distribution function, mean square displacement) of each system, the effects of surfactants with different concentrations on the structural damage of coal were analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation, and the mechanism of coal structural damage was revealed. The results show that the SDS solution can significantly reduce the mechanical strength of the coal. When the solution concentration is 0.6%, the degree of damage to the coal structure is the maximum. SDS molecules can be detected at the water / coal interface. SDS molecules are adsorbed to the coal surface through intermolecular interactions, and -SO3 groups are preferentially adsorbed to the oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface. The difference in SDS adsorption on the coal surface is caused by the difference in the number and spatial distribution of alkyl chains in the SDS molecule. The main modification mechanisms of surfactants on coal are that when SDS is adsorbed on the coal surface, a large number of secondary pores and cracks are generated on the surface and inside of the coal, and cracks are formed under the action of tensile stress. The cracks continue to expand, extend, which ultimately promotes damage to the coal structure. The results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the structure damage of coal modified by surfactant, and provide a new method for the prevention of rockburst disasters and gas outburst control.
Analysis On The Trends And Evolution of Aerobic Exercise Science Research In The United States Based on Knowledge Atlas
Authors: Li Jian , Zhang Chong , Li Meiyue 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAerobic exercise is an effective physical exercise to promote human health and prevent diseases. It has been the focus of attention from all walks of life. Only by effectively grasping the key documents can we enter the forefront of relevant research fields.MethodsUsing the Web of ScienceTM core collection, 1,833 documents from the American aerobic exercise studies, which conducted scientific measurement and visual analysis using the CiteSpace? analysis softwareResultsAmerican aerobic research development of polynomial function growth, the main research focus in the university research institutions, formed the sports science dominated multidisciplinary group, research mainly focus on the cognitive improvement and heart function of cardio, aerobic exercise training and health, exercise risk, body composition and body load in the evolution of body load. In recent years, aerobic exercise research has been introduced to enhance human health, in the process of developing cardiovascular disease, strength training, exercise intensity, weight control, human inflammation, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, randomized controlled experiments and resistance resistance training gradually evolved into a new trend of aerobic exercise research in the United States.ConclusionsAerobic exercise research has been introduced to enhance human health, in the process of developing cardiovascular disease, strength training, exercise intensity, weight control, human inflammation, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, randomized controlled experiments and resistance resistance training gradually evolved into a new trend of aerobic exercise research in the United States.
Atomically Dispersed CoN3C1-TeN1C3 Diatomic Sites Anchored in N-doped Carbon as Efficient Bifunctional Catalyst for Synergistic Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Wang Minmin , Zheng Xiuhui , Li Min , Sun Kaian , Liu Chuhao , Cheong Weng-Chon , Liu Zhi , Chen Yanju , Liu Shoujie , Wang Bin , Li Yanpeng , Liu Yunqi , Liu Chenguang , Feng Xiang , Yang Chaohe , Pan Yuan , Chen Chen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The development of high atomic economic efficiency catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are important for the large-scale application of renewable energy technologies but still challenging. Herein, we reported a novel encapsulation-adsorption-pyrolysis strategy for the construction of atomically dispersed Co-Te diatomic sites (DASs) that are anchored in N-doped carbon (N-C) as efficient bifunctional catalyst for synergistic electrocatalytic HER and ORR. The as-constructed catalyst has stable and special CoN3C1-TeN1C3 coordination structures, Coδ+ has adsorption-activation function and the neighbouring Teδ+ acts as an electron donor adjusting the electronic structure of Coδ+, promoting the dissociation of H2O molecules and the adsorption of H and oxygen-containing intermediates in HER and ORR. This work provides numerous new opportunities to rational design and artificial synthesis of DASs catalysts for energy conversion.