bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P–789 Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in poor ovarian responders and normal responders flowing fresh embryo transfer: a prospective, monocentric, observational study
Authors: Deng J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Study question
Whether women pregnant after a poor response in IVF have obstetric and perinatal complications more frequently than women with pregnancies after a normal response in IVF?

Summary answer
There were no statistically significant differences in obstetric and perinatal complications rate between poor responders and normal responders in Chinese women.

What is known already
Poor ovarian response usually indicates a reduction in follicular response, resulting in a reduced number of retrieved oocytes. Patients are less likely to conceive and have a higher risk of cycle cancellation and low clinical pregnancy rate. Whether poor ovarian response is associated with obstetric and perinatal complications is however debated.

Study design, size, duration
Design: Prospective, monocentric, observational study.
Size: 1664 women with poor ovarian response and 1061 women with normal ovarian response
duration : July 1, 2017 to Aug 15, 2019.Participants/materials, setting, methods: 1664 women with poor ovarian response and 1061 women with normal ovarian response undergoing IVF or ICSI were enrolled in this study. The primary outcome was obstetric and perinatal complications rate.

Main results and the role of chance
1664 women with POR and 1061 women with NOR were enrolled in this study.Poor and normal responders did not have significantly different incidences in obstetric and perinatal complications(25.42% vs 25.45%), nor were there a significant difference in preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, postpartum hemorrhage or abruptio placentae. But POR group have a lower frequency of twin pregnancies(8.47% vs 28.66%,P&lt;0.01),low birth weight(5.08% vs 14.23%,P&lt;0.01)and prematurity (9.32% vs 17.03%,P&lt;0.01).

Limitations, reasons for caution
Despite its size, an observational study such as this has a number of inherent limitations, and the best way to confirm its findings will be to compare obstetric and perinatal outcomes in different subgroup of pregnancies following ART in an adequately powered randomized, controlled trial.
Wider implications of the findings: This prospective, monocentric, observational study suggests that women with poor ovarian response did not have higher perinatal complication rate than women with normal ovarian response. Oocyte quality and quantity may not affect the rate of perinatal complications.

Trial registration number
Not applicable
The Bernstein Projector Determined by a Weak Associate Class of Good Cosets
Authors: Kim Yeansu , Spice Loren , Varma Sandeep 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Let ${\text G}$ be a reductive group over a $p$-adic field $F$ of characteristic zero, with $p \gg 0$, and let $G={\text G}(F)$. In [ 15], J.-L. Kim studied an equivalence relation called weak associativity on the set of unrefined minimal $K$-types for ${\text G}$ in the sense of A. Moy and G. Prasad. Following [ 15], we attach to the set $\overline{\mathfrak{s}}$ of good $K$-types in a weak associate class of positive-depth unrefined minimal $K$-types a ${G}$-invariant open and closed subset $\mathfrak{g}_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$ of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g} = {\operatorname{Lie}}({\text G})(F)$, and a subset $\tilde{{G}}_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$ of the admissible dual $\tilde{{G}}$ of ${G}$ consisting of those representations containing an unrefined minimal $K$-type that belongs to $\overline{\mathfrak{s}}$. Then $\tilde{{G}}_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$ is the union of finitely many Bernstein components of ${G}$, so that we can consider the Bernstein projector $E_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$ that it determines. We show that $E_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$ vanishes outside the Moy–Prasad ${G}$-domain ${G}_r \subset{G}$, and reformulate a result of Kim as saying that the restriction of $E_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$ to ${G}_r\,$, pushed forward via the logarithm to the Moy–Prasad ${G}$-domain $\mathfrak{g}_r \subset \mathfrak{g}$, agrees on $\mathfrak{g}_r$ with the inverse Fourier transform of the characteristic function of $\mathfrak{g}_{\overline{\mathfrak{s}}}$. This is a variant of one of the descriptions given by R. Bezrukavnikov, D. Kazhdan, and Y. Varshavsky in [8] for the depth-$r$ Bernstein projector.
Evaluating the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerance of Silver Sulfadiazine Dressings Once Daily Versus Twice Daily in the Treatment of Burn Wounds
Authors: Lagziel Tomer , Asif Mohammed , Born Louis , Quiroga Luis H , Duraes Eliana , Slavin Benjamin , Shetty Pragna , Caffrey Julie , Hultman C Scott 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Topical silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is an effective antimicrobial therapy used to prevent burn wound infection and promote healing, but the frequency of application has not been previously examined. This study compares once versus twice daily dressing changes with SSD, focusing on development of wound infections, incidence of hospital acquired complications, patient pain scores, and length of stay. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a once-daily or twice-daily application of SSD impacts burn wound healing outcomes. Our institution maintained a twice-daily dressing change standard of care until January 1, 2019. Patients admitted after that date had their dressing changed once daily. We performed a noninferiority analysis which indicated that a sample size of 75 per group would be sufficient to detect a significant difference with a power of 0.80. Our goal is to review outcomes for 75 patients before the change-of-practice and 75 patients after. Our main outcomes recorded are wound infection, average pain scores, average daily narcotic requirements, and length-of-stay. Results from 75 pre-change-of-practice and 75 post-change-of-practice patients showed slightly better outcomes in the post-change-of-practice group. The wound-infection rates were the same for both groups (pre = 5.33%, post = 5.33%), average daily pain levels for the pre-change group were slightly higher but the difference was negligible and not statistically significant (pre = 5.27, post = 5.25), hospital-related complication rates (unrelated to wound care) were higher pre-change (pre = 10.67%, post = 6.67%), and length-of-stay, was longer in the pre-change group (pre = 11.97, post = 10.31). The amount average amount of SSD (g/day) used per patient per hospital stay was higher as well (pre = 320.14, post = 202.12). Further statistical analysis of the results, particularly in the distribution of burn type, age, and burn depth showed no discrepancy and a generalized decreased length-of-stay with once-daily SSD dressing change. Our results show that once-daily dressing changes of SSD in burn wounds have no negative impact on wound outcomes. However, it is associated with a decreased length-of-stay, decreased pain levels, and less hospital-acquired complications. A decreased length-of-stay means reduced medical expenses for the patient and the hospital. In addition, less hospital-acquired complications result in better patient recovery. Since the difference in wound outcomes is negligible and statistically insignificant, changing the standard-of-care to once daily could prove beneficial.
Remembrances of Gurus Past: Reading the Smṛti Sthāna in the Sarangpur BAPS Swaminarayan Temple Complex
Authors: Kim Hanna H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha (BAPS) tradition, the guru is satpuruṣa and Aksharbrahman, an already perfect devotee and the existential form in whom God, who is Parabrahman, is resident on earth. At death, the guru’s mortal body undergoes cremation but the eternal ontological category of Aksharbrahman is manifested in a successor in whom Bhagwan Swaminarayan (Parabrahman) is fully present. This article explores BAPS’s understanding of guru’s corporeality and divinity and the built forms that arise at the place of cremation, samādhi sthaḷa, to memorialise the Aksharbrahman guru. The memorial places, smṛti sthāna, are active material and devotional agents, tied to the theological foundations of BAPS Swaminarayan bhakti. As agentive devotional structures, these memorial sites act upon, visually define, and invite engagement with those who visit them. These dimensions of the material are inseparable from the guru’s role in the conceptualisation, location, and construction of BAPS smṛti sthāna. This article examines the material and devotional significances of two memorial places in the Sarangpur BAPS Swaminarayan temple complex in Gujarat, India. The argument is that smṛti sthāna are sites whose construction is materially tied to BAPS bhakti: these memorial places uphold the centrality of past gurus’ and the present guru’s ontological position and materialise the vital singularity of the Aksharbrahman category through whom devotees can experience the continuing presence of the guru lineage and Bhagwan Swaminarayan.1
The Neuropathology of 1p36 Deletion Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Series
Authors: Conway Kyle S , Ghafoor Fozia , Gottschalk Amy C , Laakman Joseph , Eigsti Renee L , Nashelsky Marcus , Blau John , Hefti Marco M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
1p36 deletion syndrome is the most common terminal deletion syndrome, manifesting clinically as abnormal facies and developmental delay with frequent cardiac, skeletal, urogenital, and renal abnormalities. Limited autopsy case reports describe the neuropathology of 1p36 deletion syndrome. The most extensive single case report described a spectrum of abnormalities, mostly related to abnormal neuronal migration. We report the largest published series of 1p36 autopsy cases, with an emphasis on neuropathologic findings. Our series consists of 3 patients: 2 infants (5-hours old and 23-days old) and 1 older child (11 years). Our patients showed abnormal cortical gyration together with a spectrum of neuronal migration abnormalities, including heterotopias and hippocampal abnormalities, as well as cerebellar hypoplasia. Our findings thus support the role of neuronal migration defects in the pathogenesis of cognitive defects in 1p36 deletion syndrome and broaden the reported neuropathologic spectrum of this common syndrome.
Polymorphous Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young (PLNTY): Molecular Profiling Confirms Frequent MAPK Pathway Activation
Authors: Ida Cristiane M , Johnson Derek R , Nair Asha A , Davila Jaime , Kollmeyer Thomas M , Minn Kay , Fadra Numrah M , Balcom Jessica R , Fung Kar-Ming A , Kim Dong Kun , Kaufmann Timothy J , Kipp Benjamin R , Halling Kevin C , Jenkins Robert B , Giannini Caterina 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) is a recently described epileptogenic tumor characterized by oligodendroglioma-like components, aberrant CD34 expression, and frequent mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation. We molecularly profiled 13 cases with diagnostic histopathological features of PLNTY (10 female; median age, 16 years; range, 5–52). Patients frequently presented with seizures (9 of 12 with available history) and temporal lobe tumors (9 of 13). MAPK pathway activating alterations were identified in all 13 cases. Fusions were present in the 7 youngest patients: FGFR2-CTNNA3 (n = 2), FGFR2-KIAA1598 (FGFR2-SHTN1) (n = 1), FGFR2-INA (n = 1), FGFR2-MPRIP (n = 1), QKI-NTRK2 (n = 1), and KIAA1549-BRAF (n = 1). BRAF V600E mutation was present in 6 patients (17 years or older). Two fusion-positive cases additionally harbored TP53/RB1 abnormalities suggesting biallelic inactivation. Copy number changes predominantly involving whole chromosomes were observed in all 10 evaluated cases, with losses of chromosome 10q occurring with FGFR2-KIAA1598 (SHTN1)/CTNNA3 fusions. The KIAA1549-BRAF and QKI-NTRK2 fusions were associated respectively with a 7q34 deletion and 9q21 duplication. This study shows that despite its name, PLNTY also occurs in older adults, who frequently show BRAF V600E mutation. It also expands the spectrum of the MAPK pathway activating alterations associated with PLNTY and demonstrates recurrent chromosomal copy number changes consistent with chromosomal instability.
Delaying or delivering: identification of novel NAM-1 alleles that delay senescence to extend wheat grain fill duration
Authors: Chapman Elizabeth A , Orford Simon , Lage Jacob , Griffiths Simon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Senescence is a complex trait under genetic and environmental control, in which resources are remobilized from vegetative tissue into grain. Delayed senescence, or ‘staygreen’ traits, can confer stress tolerance, with extended photosynthetic activity hypothetically sustaining grain filling. The genetics of senescence regulation are largely unknown, with senescence variation often correlated with phenological traits. Here, we confirm staygreen phenotypes of two Triticum aestivum cv. Paragon ethyl methane sulfonate mutants previously identified during a forward genetic screen and selected for their agronomic performance, similar phenology, and differential senescence phenotypes. Grain filling experiments confirmed a positive relationship between onset of senescence and grain fill duration, reporting an associated ~14% increase in final dry grain weight for one mutant (P&lt;0.05). Recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations segregating for the timing of senescence were developed for trait mapping purposes and phenotyped over multiple years under field conditions. Quantification and comparison of senescence metrics aided RIL selection, facilitating exome capture-enabled bulk segregant analysis (BSA). Using BSA we mapped our two staygreen traits to two independent, dominant, loci of 4.8 and 16.7 Mb in size encompassing 56 and 142 genes, respectively. Combining association analysis with variant effect prediction, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms encoding self-validating mutations located in NAM-1 homoeologues, which we propose as gene candidates.
Two ubiquitin-associated ER proteins interact with COPT copper transporters and modulate their accumulation
Authors: Li Xifeng , Wang Zhe , Fu Yunting , Cheng Xi , Zhang Yan , Fan Baofang , Zhu Cheng , Chen Zhixiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contains an elaborate protein quality control network that promotes protein folding and prevents accumulation of misfolded proteins. Evolutionarily conserved UBIQUITIN-ASSOCIATED DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2 (UBAC2) is involved in ER-associated protein degradation in metazoans. We have previously reported that two close UBAC2 homologs from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) not only participate in selective autophagy of ER components but also interact with plant-specific PATHOGEN-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERN (PAMP)-INDUCED COILED COIL (PICC) protein to increase the accumulation of POWDERY MILDEW-RESISTANT 4 callose synthase. Here, we report that UBAC2s also interacted with COPPER (Cu) TRANSPORTER 1 (COPT1) and plasma membrane-targeted members of the Cu transporter family. The ubac2 mutants were significantly reduced in both the accumulation of COPT proteins and Cu content, and also displayed increased sensitivity to a Cu chelator. Therefore, UBAC2s positively regulate the accumulation of COPT transporters, thereby increasing Cu uptake by plant cells. Unlike with POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE 4, however, the positive role of UBAC2s in the accumulation of COPT1 is not dependent on PICC or the UBA domain of UBAC2s. When COPT1 was overexpressed under the CaMV 35S promoter, the increased accumulation of COPT1 was strongly UBAC2-dependent, particularly when a signal peptide was added to the N-terminus of COPT1. Further analysis using inhibitors of protein synthesis and degradation strongly suggested that UBAC2s stabilize newly synthesized COPT proteins against degradation by the proteasome system. These results indicate that plant UBAC2s are multifunctional proteins that regulate the degradation and accumulation of specific ER-synthesized proteins.
Transcription factor BZR2 activates chitinase Cht20.2 transcription to confer resistance to wheat stripe rust
Authors: Bai Xingxuan , Zhan Gangming , Tian Shuxin , Peng Huan , Cui Xiaoyu , Islam Md Ashraful , Goher Farhan , Ma Youzhi , Kang Zhensheng , Xu Zhao-Shi , Guo Jun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The brassinosteroid pathway promotes a variety of physiological processes in plants and the brassinosteroid insensitive1-ethylmethane sulfonate suppressor (BES)/brassinazole-resistant (BZR) functions as one of its key regulators. We previously showed that the BES/BZR-type transcription factor TaBZR2 mediates the drought stress response in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by directly upregulating the transcriptional activity of glutathione S-transferase 1. However, the function of TaBZR2 in plants under biotic stresses is unknown. In this study, we found that transcript levels of TaBZR2 were upregulated in response to inoculation with wheat stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) and treatment with flg22 or an elicitor-like protein of Pst, Pst322. Wheat lines overexpressing TaBZR2 conferred increased resistance, whereas TaBZR2-RNAi lines exhibited decreased resistance to multiple races of Pst. TaBZR2 targeted the promoter of the chitinase gene TaCht20.2, activating its transcription. Knockdown of TaCht20.2 in wheat resulted in enhanced susceptibility to Pst, indicating the positive role of TaCht20.2 in wheat resistance. Upon Pst infection in vivo, the overexpression of TaBZR2 increased total chitinase activity, whereas RNAi-mediated silencing of TaBZR2 reduced total chitinase activity. Taken together, our results suggest that TaBZR2 confers broad-spectrum resistance to the stripe rust fungus by increasing total chitinase activity in wheat.
NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS AND ACHIEVABLE DOSES FOR STANDARD CT EXAMINATIONS IN SUDAN
Authors: Suliman I I , Bashier Einas H , Awad Mustafa , Ahmed Ibrahim , Mohamed Suhair , Ahmed Nada A 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Radiation doses were determined to propose national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) and achievable doses (ADs) for computed tomography (CT) examinations in Sudan. Doses were estimated from retrospectively collected scan parameters for 1336 CT examinations of adult patients from 14 Sudanese hospitals using CT Expo 2.5 software. ADs and NDRLs were set at the 50th and 75th percentile of the hospital median dose distribution, respectively. The proposed CTDIvol (mGy) ADs ranged from: 10 (chest) to 64 (head), and that of the dose-length product (DLP; mGy.cm) ranged from 366 (chest) to 1225 (head). The proposed CTDIvol (mGy) NDRLs ranged from 15 kidney–ureter–bladder (KUB) to 79 (head), whereas that of the DLP (mGy.cm) ranged from 690 (chest) to 1490 (head). Current doses fell within the upper range of the doses presented in the literature emphasizing the need for implementation of the current ADs and NDRLs for CT to enhance patient protection and dose optimization in Sudan.
Mathematics and statistics distance learning: more than just online teaching
Authors: Hilliam Rachel , Goldrei Derek , Arrowsmith Gaynor , Siddons Alexander , Brown Cath 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
At the Open University, where students learn online and at a distance, the School of Mathematics and Statistics has for many years provided innovative ways of supporting students outside the ‘classroom’ environment so was well prepared to support students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These forms of support include online forums to help students with module choice and taster resources including diagnostic quizzes for students to self-assess their readiness to study individual modules and receive targeted support. Since 2017, these resources, and more, have been incorporated into a multi-functional student-facing website. The website enables all units, both academic and non-academic, to provide consistent academic, pastoral and social support to students studying mathematics and statistics modules online. By focusing on the different stages of a student’s journey, the website provides a one-stop shop for students to self-serve and obtain appropriate support at each point in their own student lifecycle. Data gathered on the frequency of use of the website, together with the results from staff and student questionnaires, have provided insight into how students and staff use the website. The evaluation highlights the need for clear signposting to such resources. In addition, the wide range of resources which enable students to make informed module choices is shown to be particularly important for staff who provide pastoral and academic support to students.
Unique protein features of SARS-CoV-2 relative to other Sarbecoviruses
Authors: Cotten Matthew , Robertson David L , Phan My V T 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Defining the unique properties of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein sequences has potential to explain the range of Coronavirus Disease 2019 severity. To achieve this we compared proteins encoded by all Sarbecoviruses using profile Hidden Markov Model similarities to identify protein features unique to SARS-CoV-2. Consistent with previous reports, a small set of bat- and pangolin-derived Sarbecoviruses show the greatest similarity to SARS-CoV-2 but are unlikely to be the direct source of SARS-CoV-2. Three proteins (nsp3, spike, and orf9) showed regions differing between the bat Sarbecoviruses and SARS-CoV-2 and indicate virus protein features that might have evolved to support human infection and/or transmission. Spike analysis identified all regions of the protein that have tolerated change and revealed that the current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have sampled only a fraction (∼31 per cent) of the possible spike domain changes which have occurred historically in Sarbecovirus evolution. This result emphasises the evolvability of these coronaviruses and the potential for further change in virus replication and transmission properties over the coming years.
Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Authors: Stopiglia Renata , Barbosa Waleska , Ferreira Mateus , Raposo Marcos A , Dubois Alain , Harvey Michael G , Kirwan Guy M , Forcato Giovanna , Bockmann Flavio A , Ribas Camila C 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Alpha taxonomy endeavours to propose a coherent vision of existing species and, simultaneously, to individualize the natural entities useful to understand evolutionary processes. This ideal is especially difficult when available data lack congruence. Here we address the polytypic species Synallaxis rutilans (ruddy spinetail), a suboscine passerine widely distributed in the Amazon Basin and whose taxonomy could, potentially, aid our understanding of processes shaping its biodiversity. Combining genetic [genomic ultraconserved elements (UCE) and mtDNA] and morphological data, we demonstrate that while delimitation of genetic lineages and their phylogenetic relationships are strongly associated with classic Amazonian geographic barriers, such as rivers, different coloration patterns appear to be more associated with local selection processes for phenotype. Employing an evolutionary approach, whereby the species is considered a taxonomic category, rather than a nomenclatural rank, we propose to recognize five species: S. amazonica, S. caquetensis, S. dissors, S. omissa and S. rutilans. The taxonomic arrangement proposed here permits better understanding of the similarities and differences among taxa from different areas of endemism, and represents patterns of genetic and morphological diversity resulting from distinct processes acting across certain time frames. This arrangement draws attention to the importance of understanding the evolutionary processes operating in the complex and constantly changing Amazonian landscape.