bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping theme trends and knowledge structures of dignity in nursing: A quantitative and co‐word biclustering analysis
Authors: Liu Yujia , Li Xiaohan , Ma Li , Wang Yanjie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe present study aims to explore the research hot spots, development trends and knowledge structure of dignity in the nursing field.DesignQuantitative and co‐word biclustering analysis were used.MethodsArticles on dignity care published from 01 Jan 2011 to 31 Dec 2020, were retrieved from PubMed. The extracted Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were quantitatively analysed using Bibliographic Item Co‐occurrence Matrix Builder software. To determine the hot spots, a biclustering analysis was completed using gCluto1.0 software. A strategic diagram and a social network analysis (SNA) were used to reveal trends in the theme and knowledge structure.ResultsIn the parameters of the retrieval strategy, a total of 1977 papers were included in the present study. Amongst all the extracted MeSH terms, 27 high‐frequency MeSH terms were identified, and the hot spots were grouped into five categories. These were namely dignity in: (1) dementia care, (2) palliative care, (3) older people care, (4) healthcare and (5) clinical nursing. In the strategic diagram, the study of dignity in clinical nursing was active and should become an emerging field of research in the near future.ConclusionsBased on the co‐word biclustering of dignity care over the past 10 years, five hot spots were identified, and it was predicted that research on dignity in clinical nursing would be the main trend in future studies. Amongst the five themes it was interesting to note that dignity in dementia and palliative care are core priorities to which scholars should pay more attention.ImpactIn recent years, dignity‐conserving care has been highly valued, however, there are few relevant bibliometric articles that can be referenced on this topic. The present study was considered to offer novel insights into research on dignity in nursing and could be a reliable reference point for researchers when launching new projects.
Developmental features of Japanese eels, Anguilla japonica, from the late leptocephalus to the yellow eel stages: an early metamorphosis to the eel‐like form and a prolonged transition to the juvenile
Authors: Hatakeyama Rui , Sudo Ryusuke , Yatabe Takashi , Yamano Keisuke , Nomura Kazuharu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOrganogenesis of Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) was investigated histologically from the late leptocephalus to the yellow eel stages. Early organogenesis, such as the formation of inner ears and the appearance of round blood cells that might be larval erythrocytes, had already begun at the late leptocephalus stage. During the first developmental phase (M1–M3 stages) of metamorphosing into early glass eels (G1 stage), the formation of gills and lateral muscles progressed conspicuously with a drastic body shape change from leaf‐like to eel‐like. In contrast, obvious regression in oesophageal muscle and pancreas occurred during metamorphosis. Formation of lateral line canals advanced continuously until the yellow eel stage. When the second developmental phase was initiated at the G1 stage, cone photoreceptor cells appeared, and the formation of oesophageal, stomach and intestinal muscles was initiated. Differentiation of gastric glands began at 1 week after metamorphosis. Erythrocytes increased continuously in density in glass eels and elvers (G1–E2 stages), and the morphological features of cone cells and olfactory epidermal cells became clearer with stage progression. In early elvers (E1 stage), the swimbladder initiated inflation, the stomach fully expanded and the rectal longitudinal fold changed to a circle. Swimbladder gas glands appeared in late elvers (E2 stage). In the yellow eels (juvenile stage), almost all organ structures were formed. These observations indicate that the organogenesis of A. japonica is ongoing after metamorphosis into glass eels, and the M1–E2 stages are considered to be a homologous phase to first metamorphosis, which is a transformation from the larval to the juvenile stages in other teleosts. In comparison to conger eels, the completion of the body shape change to eel‐like occurs at the G1 stage, when organogenesis is still in progress, being followed by a prolonged duration of the G1–E2 stages before reaching the yellow eel juvenile stage, which may be a unique characteristic that is related to the early migratory life history of A. japonica.
Usability of the COPE Index in the assessment of subjective caregiving burden of family caregivers of older people: A cross‐sectional Study
Authors: Doroszkiewicz Halina , Sierakowska Matylda 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the usability of the COPE Index in the assessment of subjective caregiving burden of family caregivers providing care for older people in their home environment.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 110 family caregivers. The criterion of including caregivers in the study was their provision of care at home for an older person who needed and received regular long‐term nursing care in their home environment. The study was carried out using the COPE Index questionnaire in assessing the situation of family caregivers. The study was reported according to the STROBE checklist.ResultsThe mean result of assessment of negative impact of care in the studied group of caregivers was 16.5 ± SD 3.0, positive impact of care – 10.4 ± SD 2.8 and the quality of support – 9.2 ± SD 1.8. A higher level of caregiving burden was found in 58.2% caregivers. The vast majority of the caregivers were women (83.6%). The care was most often provided by the elderly people's children (51.0%), less often by spouses (17.0%), siblings (10.0%), grandchildren (10.0%) and paid caregivers (10.0%).ConclusionThe COPE Index proved to be a useful instrument for routine application in home environment to identify care deficits. Greater caregiving burden of family caregivers of disabled older persons was associated with a higher number of nights devoted to care, growing limitations on professional life, choice to provide care, the caregiver's emotional state, the lack of support in the caregiving role, support from family members and the state of cognitive functions of the care recipient.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study may help identify and characterise the profile of family caregivers who are at risk of caregiving burden, and can be used to apply well‐designed activities aimed at reducing their suffering and providing them support.
Fully Digital Workflow for Fabrication of A 3D Printed Ear Stent for Auricular Keloids: A Technique Article
Authors: Nejat Amir H , Hamdan Suleiman , Abrego Isaias , Lindsey John T , Vitter Roger 
Published: November 2021

AbstractKeloids are skin lesions which result from an aberration in the physiological healing process marked with overgrowth of collagen fibers. Keloid of the ear is cosmetically challenging and has an increased chance of re‐growth. To minimize recurrence, pressure therapy in combination with other treatment forms has been used. Various techniques have been used to fabricate a passive or active stent. This report presents a fully digital workflow to fabricate an ear stent after intralesional excision and skin autografting of an extensive recurrence of a keloid lesion of the left ear involving the helix, antihelix, scapha, and conchal bowl.
The impact of illness intrusiveness and overparenting on depressive symptoms in parents of youth with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Baudino Marissa N. , Roberts Caroline M. , Edwards Clayton S. , Gamwell Kaitlyn L. , Tung Jeanne , Jacobs Noel J. , Grunow John E. , Chaney John M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management creates significant caregiver demands that can interfere with parents' ability to engage in a number of role functions (i.e., illness intrusiveness) well into their child's adolescence, potentially resulting in excessive or misdirected parenting (i.e., overparenting). Disruptions and limited access to routine and valued activities (e.g., family, work, and leisure) due to IBD and excessive parenting may result in parents neglecting their own personal and emotional self‐care needs, increasing their risk for depressive symptoms. To explore these associations, the present study examined parents' experience of illness intrusiveness and subsequent overparenting as serial mediators in the association between disease severity and parent depressive symptoms.Design and methodsParticipants were 146 caregivers of adolescents with IBD from an outpatient pediatric gastroenterology clinic. During a scheduled outpatient visit, parents completed measures of illness intrusiveness, overparenting, and depressive symptoms. Pediatric gastroenterologists provided ratings of disease severity.ResultsSeveral direct and indirect associations were observed among the modeled variables. Notably, mediation analysis revealed a significant disease severity → illness intrusiveness → overparenting → depressive symptoms serial indirect effect.ConclusionsParents' experience of greater IBD‐induced lifestyle disruptions is associated with increased overparenting and a heightened risk for depressive symptoms.Practice implicationsParents should be encouraged to establish and maintain a healthy balance between parenting and self‐care/role function activities, especially during adolescence when greater youth autonomy and independence are crucial. These types of clinical efforts may reduce the likelihood of parents experiencing depressive symptoms, and have the added benefit of improving adolescent IBD self‐management.
Trouble with social cohesion: The geographies and politics of COVID‐19 in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Lewis Nicolas , Morgan John 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn September 2020, the Centre for Informed Futures (Koi Tū) attributed the success of New Zealand's response to the great lockdown of March 2020 as a triumph of social cohesiveness. In this commentary we examine the use of terms such as ‘society’, ‘resilience’, ‘nation’ and ‘social cohesion’ in the light of the spread of the Delta variant, and the importance of geography and politics. We conclude that there is a need for a critical engagement with widely touted ideas of social cohesion.
Cross‐sectional relation of long‐term glucocorticoids in hair with anthropometric measurements and their possible determinants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van der Valk Eline , Abawi Ozair , Mohseni Mostafa , Abdelmoumen Amir , Wester Vincent , van der Voorn Bibian , Iyer Anand , van den Akker Erica , Hoeks Sanne , van den Berg Sjoerd , de Rijke Yolanda , Stalder Tobias , van Rossum Elisabeth 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundLong‐term glucocorticoids (HairGC) measured in scalp hair have been associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist‐hip‐ratio (WHR) in several cross‐sectional studies. We aimed to investigate the magnitude, strength, and clinical relevance of these relations across all ages.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis (PROSPERO registration CRD42020205187) searching for articles relating HairGC to measures of obesity. Main outcomes were bivariate correlation coefficients and unadjusted simple linear regression coefficients relating hair cortisol (HairF) and hair cortisone (HairE) to BMI, WC, and WHR.ResultsWe includedk = 146 cohorts (n = 34,342 individuals). HairGC were positively related to all anthropometric measurements. The strongest correlation and largest effect size were seen for HairE‐WC: pooled correlation 0.18 (95%CI 0.11–0.24;k = 7;n = 3,158;I2 = 45.7%) and pooled regression coefficient 11.0 cm increase in WC per point increase in 10‐log‐transformed HairE (pg/mg) on liquid‐chromatography‐(tandem) mass spectrometry (LC–MS) (95%CI 10.1–11.9 cm;k = 6;n = 3,102). Pooled correlation for HairF‐BMI was 0.10 (95%CI 0.08–0.13;k = 122;n = 26,527;I2 = 51.2%) and pooled regression coefficient 0.049 kg/m2per point increase in 10‐log‐transformed HairF (pg/mg) on LC–MS (95%CI 0.045–0.054 kg/m2;k = 26;n = 11,635).DiscussionThere is a consistent positive association between HairGC and BMI, WC, and WHR, most prominently and clinically relevant for HairE‐WC. These findings overall suggest an altered setpoint of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis with increasing central adiposity.
The outcome and complications of total parenteral nutrition in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Alsalamah Shoug , Alramyan Rana , Alakel Raghad , Altheyeb Fatema , Alrashed Riyouf , Masuadi Emad , Alyousif Ghadah , Bin Sunaid Faisal F. , Alsultan Abdulrahman , Essa Mohammed F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNutritional support posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or nasogastric tube feeding (NGT) in pediatric patients is associated with benefits and risks.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the indication of TPN use in our pediatric HSCT patients and its impact on survival and possible related complications.ResultsA total of 228 HSCTs were performed during the study period. TPN was used in 144 patients (63.2%) for a median of 14 days, while 8.8% had NGT feeding and 28% were able to tolerate oral feeding. Severe mucositis was seen in 104 TPN patients (72.2%) in comparison with 22 patients (26.2%) who were on Enteral Nutrition (EN) (p = <.001). Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) was seen in 19 (13.2%) patients who had TPN compared to none in the patients who received EN (p = .001). The majority of patients who had SOS received myeloablative conditioning (MAC) therapy for hemoglobinopathy. Acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) was seen in 24.8% of TPN patients and 9.1% of non‐TPN patients (p = .01). However, there were no statistically significant differences in chronic GVHD, bacteremia, and patients’ survival between both groups.ConclusionsTPN is commonly used after pediatric HSCT in cases of severe mucositis. NGT feeding was found to be the least used nutritional support method. SOS and aGVHD were associated more frequently in TPN patients compared to EN patients. This suggests the possible disadvantages of TPN and importance of SOS preventative measures in high‐risk patients.
Oral manifestations of congenital Zika virus infection in children with microcephaly: 18‐month follow‐up case series
Authors: Medina Débora Teixeira , Santos Ana Paula Pires dos , Rodrigues Fernanda Moraes Daniel Fialho , Oliveira Branca Heloisa de 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsTo describe oral manifestations in children born with microcephaly attributed to congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZS).MethodsData was collected in semiannual intervals from 2017 to 2019, by oral exams of the children and interview with caregivers at a Public Dental Center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A single calibrated examiner performed clinical examinations.ResultsOf 38 eligible children, 34 were followed‐up from 12 to 30 months of age, 20 boys and 14 girls. The mean age of emergence of their first primary tooth was 12.4 months (SD = 2.9). By 30 months of age only 14.7% (n = 5) had complete primary dentition. Alteration in the sequence of tooth emergence was observed in 41.1% (n = 14). Radiographic examination demonstrated dental agenesis (14.7% n = 5). Dental developmental alterations (38.2%, n = 13), enamel defects (14.7%, n = 5), eruption cysts/hematoma (23.5%, n = 8), gingival bleeding (55.8%, n = 19), narrow palate, and bruxism (64.7%, n = 22) were also observed. No child had dental caries.ConclusionChildren with microcephaly attributed to CZS presented oral manifestations early in life.
A5 noradrenergic‐projecting C1 neurons activate sympathetic and breathing outputs in anaesthetized rats
Authors: Malheiros‐Lima Milene R. , Silva Talita M. , Takakura Ana C. , Moreira Thiago S. 
Published: November 2021

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
C1 neurons innervate pontine noradrenergic cell groups, including the A5 region: do A5 noradrenergic neurons contribute to the activation of sympathetic and respiratory responses produced by selective activation of the C1 group of neurons.

What is the main finding and its importance?
The increase in sympathetic and respiratory activities elicited by selective stimulation of C1 neurons is reduced after blockade of excitatory amino acid within the A5 region, suggesting that the C1–A5 pathway might be important for sympathetic‐respiratory control.

AbstractAdrenergic C1 neurons innervate and excite pontine noradrenergic cell groups, including the ventrolateral pontine noradrenergic region (A5). Here, we tested the hypothesis that C1 activates A5 neurons through the release of glutamate and this effect is important for sympathetic and respiratory control. Using selective tools, we restricted the expression of channelrhodopsin2 under the control of the artificial promoter PRSx8 to C1 neurons (69%). Transduced catecholaminergic terminals within the A5 region are in contact with noradrenergic A5 neurons and the C1 terminals within the A5 region are predominantly glutamatergic. In a different group of animals, we performed retrograde lesion of C1 adrenergic neurons projecting to the A5 region with unilateral injection of the immunotoxin anti‐dopamine β‐hydroxylase‐saporin (anti‐DβH‐SAP) directly into the A5 region during the hypoxic condition. As expected, hypoxia (8% O2, 3 h) induced a robust increase in fos expression within the catecholaminergic C1 and A5 regions of the brainstem. Depletion of C1 cells projecting to the A5 regions reduced fos immunoreactivity induced by hypoxia within the C1 region. Physiological experiments showed that bilateral injection of kynurenic acid (100 mM) into the A5 region reduced the rise in mean arterial pressure, and sympathetic and phrenic nerve activities produced by optogenetic stimulation of C1 cells. In conclusion, the C1 neurons activate the ventrolateral pontine noradrenergic neurons (A5 region) possibly via the release of glutamate and might be important for sympathetic and respiratory outputs in anaesthetized rats.
Skeletal Kinetic Modeling for the Combustion of Endothermic Hydrocarbon Fuel in Hypersonic Vehicle
Authors: Hui-Sheng Peng , Bei-Jing Zhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Chemical kinetic mechanism plays a vital role in the deep learning of reacting flow in practical combustors, which can help obtain many details of the combustion process. In this paper, a surrogate model and a skeletal mechanism for an endothermic hydrocarbon fuel were developed for further investigations of the combustion performance in hypersonic vehicles: (1) The surrogate model consists of 81.3 mol% decalin and 18.7 mol% n-dodecane, which were determined by both the composition distributions and key properties of the target endothermic hydrocarbon fuel. (2) A skeletal kinetic mechanism only containing 56 species and 283 reactions was developed by the method of “core mechanism + sub mechanism”. This mechanism can be conveniently applied to the simulation of practical combustors for its affordable scale. (3) Accuracies of the surrogate model and the mechanism were systematically validated by the various properties of the target fuel under pressures of 1–20atm, temperatures of 400–1250 K, and equivalence ratios of 0.5–1.5. The overall errors for the ignition and combustion properties are no more than 0.4 and 0.1, respectively. (4) Laminar flame speeds of the target fuel and the surrogate model fuel were also measured for the validations. Results show that both the surrogate model and the mechanism can well predict the properties of the target fuel. The mechanism developed in this work is valuable to the further design and optimization of the propulsion systems.
Homogenization of Surface Energy and Elasticity for Highly Rough Surfaces
Authors: Neffati Dajla , Kulkarni Yashashree 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Surface energy plays a central role in several phenomena pertaining to nearly all aspects of materials science. This includes phenomena such as self-assembly, catalysis, fracture, void growth, and microstructural evolution among others. In particular, due to the large surface-to-volume ratio, the impact of surface energy on the physical response of nanostructures is nothing short of dramatic. How does the roughness of a surface renormalize the surface energy and associated quantities such as surface stress and surface elasticity? In this work, we attempt to address this question by using a multi-scale asymptotic homogenization approach. In particular, the novelty of our work is that we consider highly rough surfaces, reminiscent of experimental observations, as opposed to gentle roughness that is often treated by using a perturbation approach. We find that softening of a rough surface is significantly underestimated by conventional approaches. In addition, our approach naturally permits the consideration of bending resistance of a surface, consistent with the Steigmann–Ogden theory, in sharp contrast to the surfaces in the Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity theory that do not offer flexural resistance.
Increasing Oxygen Uptake in Cross-Country Skiers by Speed Variation in Work Intervals
Authors: Rønnestad Bent R. , Bakken Timo Andre , Thyli Vetle , Hansen Joar , Ellefsen Stian , Hammarstrøm Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Accumulated time at a high percentage of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) is important for improving performance in endurance athletes. The present study compared the acute physiological and perceived effects of performing high-intensity intervals with roller ski double poling containing work intervals with (1) fast start followed by decreasing speed (DEC), (2) systematic variation in exercise intensity (VAR), and (3) constant speed (CON). Methods: Ten well-trained cross-country skiers (double-poling VO2peak 69.6 [3.5] mL·min−1·kg−1) performed speed- and duration-matched DEC, VAR, and CON on 3 separate days in a randomized order (5 × 5-min work intervals and 3-min recovery). Results: DEC and VAR led to longer time ≥90% VO2peak (P = .016 and P = .033, respectively) and higher mean %VO2peak (P = .036, and P = .009) compared with CON, with no differences between DEC and VAR (P = .930 and P = .759, respectively). VAR, DEC, and CON led to similar time ≥90% of peak heart rate (HRpeak), mean HR, mean breathing frequency, mean ventilation, and mean blood lactate concentration ([La−]). Furthermore, no differences between sessions were observed for perceptual responses, such as mean rate of perceived exertion, session rate of perceived exertion or pain score (all Ps > .147). Conclusions: In well-trained XC skiers, DEC and VAR led to longer time ≥90% of VO2peak compared with CON, without excessive perceptual effort, indicating that these intervals can be a good alternative for accumulating more time at a high percentage of VO2peak and at the same time mimicking the pronounced variation in exercise intensities experienced during XC-skiing competitions.