bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochasticity and positive feedback enable enzyme kinetics at the membrane to sense reaction size
Authors: Lee Albert A. , Huang William Y. C. , Hansen Scott D. , Kim Neil H. , Alvarez Steven , Groves Jay T. 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Cellular membranes span a wide range of spatial dimensions, from the plasma membrane with a scale of microns to vesicles on the nanometer scale. The work presented here identifies a molecular mechanism, based on common features of cellular signaling enzymes, that causes the average enzymatic catalytic rate to exhibit reaction size dependency. This effect stems from stochastic variation, but the final results can be essentially deterministic. In competitive enzymatic reaction cycles, the final product can depend on the size of the reaction system. The simplicity of the mechanism suggests that size-dependent reaction rates may be widespread among signaling enzymes and thus enable reaction size to be an important factor in signal regulation at the membrane.
CRISPR-SID: Identifying EZH2 as a druggable target for desmoid tumors via in vivo dependency mapping
Authors: Naert Thomas , Tulkens Dieter , Van Nieuwenhuysen Tom , Przybyl Joanna , Demuynck Suzan , van de Rijn Matt , Al-Jazrawe Mushriq , Alman Benjamin A. , Coucke Paul J. , De Leeneer Kim , Vanhove Christian , Savvides Savvas N. , Creytens David , Vleminckx Kris 
Published: November 2021

Significance

CRISPR-SID was established in the diploid frog
Xenopus tropicalis
for in vivo elucidation of cancer cell vulnerabilities. CRISPR-SID uses deep-learning predictions and binomial theory to identify genes under positive or negative selection during autochthonous tumor development. Using CRISPR-SID in a genetic model for desmoid tumors, treatment-recalcitrant mesenchymal tumors driven by hyperactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway, we identified
EZH2
and
SUZ12
, both encoding critical components of the polycomb repressive complex 2, as dependency genes for desmoid tumors. Finally, we demonstrate the promise of EZH2 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for desmoid tumors. With the simplicity of CRISPR sgRNA multiplexing in
Xenopus
embryos, the CRISPR-SID method may be applicable to reveal vulnerabilities in other tumor types.
“Twice Bitten”
Authors: Tong Jasmine Man , Morgan David 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the 1995 preface to Translators through History (Delisle and Woodsworth, 1995), Jean-François Joly, President of the
International Federation of Translators, quotes a line by Antoine Berman: “The construction of a history of translation is the
first task of a modern theory of translation” (Berman 1992, 1). He elaborates as follows: “Constructing a history of translation
means bringing to light the complex network of cultural exchanges between people, cultures and civilizations through the ages. It
means drawing a portrait of these import-export workers and attempting to unravel their deep-rooted reasons for translating one
particular work instead of another. It means finding out why their sponsors (kings, aristocrats, patrons, high-ranking clergy,
etc.) asked them to translate a given work. It means taking into account what the translators themselves have written about their
work, its difficulties and constraints.” This paper, as the title suggests, attempts to draw a portrait, based on the documents
and letters1 exchanged by the translators themselves, of the collaboration between two
translators working on one translation, the Hawkes-Minford Story of the Stone, otherwise known as The
Dream of the Red Chamber. The true and complete story can never be known by outsiders, like us, the readers. But
through this paper, we can “hear” and “read” the voices of the translators, the publisher and other informants. Let history
speak.
Identity and mobility in linguistic change across the lifespan
Authors: Beaman Karen V. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Identity construction and mobility have been shown to influence dialect performance and play a critical role in language change (Blommaert 2014; Britain 2016; Coupland 2001; Johnstone 2011). To investigate the relative importance of identity and mobility and their role in language change, this paper presents the results of a 35-year panel study with 20 speakers of Swabian German. Twelve linguistic variables, six phonological and six morphosyntactic, reveal how identity and mobility influence speakers’ choice of dialect variants. The findings from the panel study, in comparison with an ongoing trend study, offer new understandings in dialect retention and attrition, revealing how ‘feeling Swabian’ and a ‘sense of place’ play a vital role in our understanding of dialect change across the lifespan.
Urban-rural dimensions to variable -body/-one
Authors: Jankowski Bridget L. , Tagliamonte Sali A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
English pronominal quantifier doublets (some/any/every/no- + -body/-one) have been variable since Middle English. Previous research (D’Arcy et al. 2013; see also Biber et al. 1999) shows varying patterns of -body and -one by region and quantifier, with an overall slow progression toward -one and possible eventual obsolescence of -body that is highly dependent on social and geographic correlates; the -body variant is retained in rural areas, no matter their location and distance from the large urban centre of Toronto, yet with notable consistency and parallels in the underlying constraints. These findings align with the cascade model (Trudgill 1974, 2011; Labov 2003) and models of transmission versus diffusion of change (Labov 2007; Tagliamonte and Denis 2014).
Areal microvariation in German-speaking urban areas (Ruhr Area, Berlin, and Vienna)
Authors: Pröll Simon , Elspaß Stephan , Pickl Simon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter focuses on spatial and social variation in the colloquial everyday speech of three German-speaking urban areas. The basic question is whether geographical variation (the kind that is commonly observed in studies on dialect variation in large areas) is detectable in the reported everyday speech of the spatially much smaller, yet denser urban areas as well. To this end, we use methods of quantitative dialectology to examine the patterns of variation in the Ruhr Area, Berlin, and Vienna. The respective analyses of the spatial patterns of 245 linguistic variables from a total number of 4,251 informants yield clear – but remarkably distinct – patterns of areal variation for each of these three urban areas. To account for those differences, social variables are factored in.
East African cassava mosaic virus. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: November 2021

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for East African cassava mosaic virus (Geplafuvirales: Geminiviridae: Begomovirus). Host: cassava (
Manihot esculenta
). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Angola, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mayotte, Mozambique, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Togo, Uganda and Zambia).
Hoplolaimus indicus
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: November 2021

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for
Hoplolaimus indicus
Sher (Chromadorea: Tylenchida: Hoplolaimidae). Hosts: polyphagous. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya) and Asia (Bangladesh, China, Fujian, India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Iran, Nepal and Pakistan).
Kottler spacetime in isotropic static coordinates
Authors: Solanki R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Kottler spacetime in isotropic coordinates is known where the metric is time-dependent. In this paper, the Kottler spacetime is given in isotropic static coordinates (i.e. the metric components are time-independent). The metric is found in terms of the Jacobian elliptic functions through coordinate transformations from the Schwarzschild–(anti-)de Sitter metric. In canonical coordinates, it is known that the unparameterized spatially projected null geodesics of the Kottler and Schwarzschild spacetimes coincide. We show that in isotropic static coordinates, the refractive indices of Kottler and Schwarzschild are not proportional, yielding spatially projected null geodesics that are different.
Wilberforce pendulum: modelling linearly damped coupled oscillations of a spring-mass system
Authors: Uy Robert Frederik , Yuan Chenghao , Chai Zhengshan , Khor Justin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Wilberforce pendulum is a coupled spring-mass system, where a mass with adjustable moment of inertia is suspended from a helical spring. Energy is converted between the translational and torsional modes, and this energy conversion is most clearly observed at resonance, which occurs when the damped natural frequencies of the two oscillation modes are equal. A theoretical model—with energy losses due to viscous damping proportional to velocity accounted for—was formulated using the Lagrangian formalism to predict the pendulum mass’ trajectory. Theoretical predictions were compared with experimental data, showing good agreement. Fourier analysis of both theoretical predictions and experimental data further corroborate the validity of our quantitative model. The dependence of oscillation features like beat frequency and maximum conversion amplitude on relevant parameters such as the initial vertical displacement, initial angular displacement and moment of inertia was also investigated and experimentally verified.
Topical review: pathways toward cost-effective single-junction III–V solar cells
Authors: Raj Vidur , Haggren Tuomas , Wong Wei Wen , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
III–V semiconductors such as InP and GaAs are direct bandgap semiconductors with significantly higher absorption compared to silicon. The high absorption allows for the fabrication of thin/ultra-thin solar cells, which in turn permits for the realization of lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient solar cells that can be used in many applications where rigidity and weight are an issue, such as electric vehicles, the internet of things, space technologies, remote lighting, portable electronics, etc. However, their cost is significantly higher than silicon solar cells, making them restrictive for widespread applications. Nonetheless, they remain pivotal for the continuous development of photovoltaics. Therefore, there has been a continuous worldwide effort to reduce the cost of III–V solar cells substantially. This topical review summarises current research efforts in III–V growth and device fabrication to overcome the cost barriers of III–V solar cells. We start the review with a cost analysis of the current state-of-art III–V solar cells followed by a subsequent discussion on low-cost growth techniques, substrate reuse, and emerging device technologies. We conclude the review emphasizing that to substantially reduce the cost-related challenges of III–V photovoltaics, low-cost growth technologies need to be combined synergistically with new substrate reuse techniques and innovative device designs.
Quantum transmission through the n-p-n heterojunction of massive 8-Pmmn borophene
Authors: Yu Guo-Na , Yi Guang-Yu , Cui Wei-Bin , Zhang Lian-Lian , Li Xue-Si , Gong Wei-Jiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We investigate the quantum transmission through the n-p-n heterojunction of massive 8-Pmmn borophene. It is found that the Dirac mass of the electron interacts nontrivially with the anisotropy of the 8-Pmmn borophene, leading to the occurrence of new transmission behaviors in this n-p-n heterojunction. Firstly, the effective energy range of nonzero transmission can be reduced but deviates from the mass amplitude, which induces the further controllability of the transmission property. Secondly, even if the equal-energy surfaces in the p and n parts do not encounter in the k-space, finite transmission is allowed to occur as well. In addition, the existence of Dirac mass can change the reflection manner from the retroreflection to the specular reflection under appropriate conditions. The findings in this work can be helpful in describing the quantum transport properties of the heterojunction based on 8-Pmmn borophene.
Functionalized tellurene; a candidate large-gap 2D topological insulator
Authors: Sattigeri Raghottam M , Jha Prafulla K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The discovery of group IV and V elemental xene’s with topologically non-trivial characters in their honeycomb lattice structure (HLS) has led to extensive efforts in realising analogous behaviour in group VI elemental monolayers. Theoretically; it was concluded that, group VI elemental monolayers cannot exist in HLS. However, some recent experimental evidence suggests that group VI elemental monolayers can be realised in HLS. In this letter, we report HLS of group VI elemental monolayer (such as, tellurene) can be realised to be dynamically stable when functionzalised with oxygen. The functionalization leads to, peculiar orbital filtering effects and broken spatial inversion symmetry which gives rise to the non-trivial topological character. The exotic quantum behaviour of this system is characterized by, spin–orbit coupling induced large-gap (≈0.36 eV) with isolated Dirac cone along the edges indicating potential room temperature spin-transport applications. Further investigations of spin Hall conductivity and the Berry curvatures unravel high conductivity as compared to previously explored xene’s alongside the potential valley Hall effects. The non-trivial topological character is quantified in terms of the

Z

2

invariant as ν = 1 and Chern number C = 1. Also, for practical purposes, we report that, hBN/TeO/hBN quantum-wells can be strain engineered to realize a sizeable non-trivial gap (≈0.11 eV). We finally conclude that, functionalization of group VI elemental monolayer with oxygen gives rise to, exotic quantum properties which are robust against surface oxidation and degradations while providing viable electronic degrees of freedom for spintronic/valleytronic applications.
Tailoring atomic 1T phase CrTe2 for in situ fabrication
Authors: Wang Chaolun , Zou Qiran , Cheng Zhiheng , Chen Jietao , Luo Chen , Liang Fang , Cai Chunhua , Bi Hengchang , Lian Xiaocong , Ji Xiangyang , Zhang Qiubo , Sun Litao , Wu Xing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Controllable tailoring and understanding the phase-structure relationship of the 1T phase two-dimensional (2D) materials are critical for their applications in nanodevices. The in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) could regulate and monitor the evolution process of the nanostructure of 2D material with atomic resolution. In this work, a controllably tailoring 1T-CrTe2 nanopore is carried out by the in situ TEM. A preferred formation of the 1T-CrTe2 border structure and nanopore healing process are studied at the atomic scale. The controllable tailoring of the 1T phase nanopore could be achieved by regulating the transformation of two types of low indices of crystal faces {

10

1

¯

0

} and {

11

2

¯

0

} at the nanopore border. Machine learning is applied to automatically process the TEM images with high efficiency. By adopting the deep-learning-based image segmentation method and augmenting the TEM images specifically, the nanopore of the TEM image could be automatically identified and the evaluation result of DICE metric reaches 93.17% on test set. This work presents the unique structure evolution of 1T phase 2D material and the computer aided high efficiency TEM data analysis based on deep learning. The techniques applied in this work could be generalized to other materials for controlled nanostructure regulation and automatic TEM image analyzation.
Dynamics and stability of skyrmions in a bent nano-beam
Authors: Zhong Anruo , Lan Xiaoming , Hu Yangfan , Wang Biao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are attracting much attention due to their nontrivial topology and high mobility to electric current. Nevertheless, suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect and maintaining high velocity of skyrmions with low energy cost are two major challenges concerning skyrmion-based spintronic devices. Here we show theoretically that in a nano-beam suffering appropriate bending moment, both Bloch-type and Néel-type skyrmions move with a vanishing Hall angle under a current density smaller than that required when the bending is absent. Moreover, bending alone can be used to move skyrmions, whose velocity is solved analytically from the Thiele equation. Generally speaking, inhomogeneous elastic fields affect the stability and dynamics of skyrmions, where the local stability is dominantly determined by the local bulk stress. These findings throw new light on how to drive skyrmions in a straight line with lower energy cost, which is vital for utilizing skyrmions as information carriers.
The potential of river discharge at the peak of the dry season in some disaster-prone area of Merapi Volcano
Authors: Kharisma  , Prasetyo MB , Rosa AF , Fitrianingrum I , Wardoyo MAI , Ashari A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With a high level of volcanic activity and many people living in the disaster-prone area, sustainable disaster management in the Merapi Volcano area is still very much needed in the future. One of the needs in building disaster management is ensuring water resources available during the pre-eruption period. So far, springs are the primary source of water that has been widely used by residents in the volcanic foothills, which are prone to eruption disasters. However, at the time of the eruption, many springs were not functioning so that alternative water sources were needed. River water can be an alternative water source, and a study of river water's potential is required to ensure its feasibility. This study was conducted on the south to the southwest side of Merapi Volcano to analyze the quantity and quality of river water as an alternative water source. Data collected through observation, literature study, and document search. Data analysis performed using descriptive analysis, matching analysis, and statistical analysis using independent sample t-test and simple linear regression. The study results show that seven rivers in the south to the southwest slope can be used as water sources because they are not lava flows. These rivers have varying discharge and water quality. There is no difference in discharge and water quality between the top and the bottom of the volcano foot. When dry season is on the peak, three rivers have no flow because some springs locations are at the volcano's bottom. Overall, based on these findings, it can be emphasized that the use of water sources is needed to do at the closest point to the evacuation barracks. However, a water treatment installation needs to be provided in the evacuation barracks so that the river water is suitable for consumption.
Geomorphological hazard at some area of the Outer Dieng Volcanic Complex post explosive eruption era
Authors: Wardoyo M A I , Prayuda R , Susena Y , Baradi F A W , Ashari A , Imamah L F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Dieng area as an important and productive area needs the support of various aspects in encouraging regional growth and development. This region also has been experiences many disasters year by year. Disasters due to volcanism are events that cause many losses, especially casualties in the past. Discussions about potential disasters in the Dieng area should not only be limited to volcanism and earthquakes as hazards caused by endogenous processes. The Dieng area is an old landscape. As an old landscape that is heavily influenced by exogenous factors from a wet tropical climate, other potential hazards in the form of geomorphological hazards also need attention. In fact, there are some geomorphological hazards that occur due to the complexity of the landforms of this area, there are various processes that often occur such as mass movement and erosion and these processes usually have a negative impact on social and economic life. This paper aims to analyze the various types and levels of geomorphological hazards that exist outside of the Dieng Volcanic Complex. This region has experienced major eruptions in the past. At present, in the post-explosive era, it is necessary to know whether geomorphological hazards are limited to eruptions or if other hazards are a bigger threat. The terrain survey method or geomorphological survey is a field observation method used to achieve research objectives. The interpretation of remote sensing images, literature research, and documentation provides support in the form of additional data to complement the primary data from the observation. The results obtained show that the area of the Dieng Volcanic Complex after the explosive eruption era, which is largely composed of volcanic landforms, which physically dominates the denudation process. The denudation process is what causes mass movement and erosion to emphasize that there is a very high potential geomorphological hazard in this research location. This research area is also a productive agricultural production area. Although it cannot be separated from criticism because of its negative impact on the environment, because in the use and management of land carried out by the community it affects mass movement and erosion. Therefore, information on geomorphological hazards is very important to be provided and updated continuously in the interest of ensuring effective and sustainable disaster management.
Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment and Its Implications for Disaster Risk Management in the coastal area of Purworejo Regency
Authors: Tanasiva  , Muryani Chatarina , Wijiyanti Pipit 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tsunamis are disasters with unpredictable events, but the occurrence of tsunamis in Indonesia always has a significant impact on every sector of life, especially the economy and society. The position of the Indonesian State, which is located in the subduction zones as well as the increasing human activity in coastal areas, are the factors that trigger the tsunami, which is accompanied by losses and damages. One of them is Purworejo Regency, which is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. Vulnerability assessment is the focus of this paper. This study uses a quantitative analysis approach with analytical methods in the form of scoring analysis. Weighted cell-based data processing is the main cog in vulnerability assessment. The combination of economic and social parameters creates a vulnerability. Financial vulnerability is measured based on GRDP and productive land, while social vulnerability is estimated based on population density and vulnerable communities. The vulnerability analysis results are in the form of total vulnerability level in the medium class, the level of economic vulnerability in the low, quality, and social vulnerability in the medium class associated with the implication of disaster risk management.