bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pensamiento indígena y medio ambiente en la jurisprudencia de las altas cortes de Colombia
Authors: López Madrid Daniela 
Published: December 2021

El constitucionalismo latinoamericano de los años 90, caracterizado por su manifestación utópica, permitió el reconocimiento de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas históricamente invisibilizados, además del reconocimiento de la ciudadanía y la garantía de la protección cultural, lingüística, jurídica y territorial.
Este último punto debe ser entendido más allá de una mirada política – jurisprudencial, ya que los resguardos indígenas incluyen, además de áreas delimitadas de vivienda, producción económica y extracción de recursos, una relación humana con el paisaje y el entorno. Por ello las Altas Cortes colombianas han explicado el vínculo entre las comunidades y la preservación de sus territorios desde la espiritualidad, la cosmovisión, la supervivencia y el aprovechamiento y protección del medio ambiente.
Enfermedad de cambios mínimos cortico-resistente e hipotiroidismo. Reporte de caso
Authors: Zambrano-Urbano José Leonel , López-Delgado Darío Sebastián , Delgado-Truque Andrés Emilson , Casanova María Eugenia 
Published: December 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad de cambios mínimos es una causa rara de síndrome nefrótico en el adulto, y su relación con el hipotiroidismo es más rara aún. Se considera que esta patología renal responde favorablemente al manejo con glucocorticoides y tiene una baja frecuencia de resistencia. Su abordaje hoy en día es objeto de investigación. Objetivo: Describir una rara etiología de síndrome nefrótico en el adulto con presentación, tratamiento y desenlace infrecuentes. Presentación del caso: Paciente femenino de 53 años quien inicia con síndrome nefrótico por enfermedad de cambios mínimos cortico-resistente y su asociación con un hipotiroidismo descontrolado, quien requiere manejo con rituximab y control de la enfermedad endocrinológica asociada, como enfermedad de base. Conclusiones: En este caso clínico se muestra como las enfermedades citadas pueden coexistir y el tratamiento en conjunto es necesario. El establecimiento de nuevas terapias en la población adulta como el rituximab podría mostrar beneficio, como en este caso. Sin embargo, aún existe la necesidad de estudios de mayor evidencia que validen firmemente la efectividad de los diferentes tratamientos en este tipo de pacientes.
The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Insulin Sensitivity and Glycemic Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Intervention Studies
Authors: Schrieks Ilse C. , Heil Annelijn L.J. , Hendriks Henk F.J. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Beulens Joline W.J. 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. This reduced risk might be explained by improved insulin sensitivity or improved glycemic status, but results of intervention studies on this relation are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies investigating the effect of alcohol consumption on insulin sensitivity and glycemic status.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
PubMed and Embase were searched up to August 2014. Intervention studies on the effect of alcohol consumption on biological markers of insulin sensitivity or glycemic status of at least 2 weeks' duration were included. Investigators extracted data on study characteristics, outcome measures, and methodological quality.

RESULTS
Fourteen intervention studies were included in a meta-analysis of six glycemic end points. Alcohol consumption did not influence estimated insulin sensitivity (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.08 [−0.09 to 0.24]) or fasting glucose (SMD 0.07 [−0.11 to 0.24]) but reduced HbA1c (SMD −0.62 [−1.01 to −0.23]) and fasting insulin concentrations (SMD −0.19 [−0.35 to −0.02]) compared with the control condition. Alcohol consumption among women reduced fasting insulin (SMD −0.23 [−0.41 to −0.04]) and tended to improve insulin sensitivity (SMD 0.16 [−0.04 to 0.37]) but not among men. Results were similar after excluding studies with high alcohol dosages (&gt;40 g/day) and were not influenced by dosage and duration of the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS
Although the studies had small sample sizes and were of short duration, the current evidence suggests that moderate alcohol consumption may decrease fasting insulin and HbA1c concentrations among nondiabetic subjects. Alcohol consumption might improve insulin sensitivity among women but did not do so overall.
Caracterización de los pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio en un hospital rural en el Ecuador como ejemplo de la inequidad en salud
Authors: Peñafiel Mendoza Susana , Tufiño Aguilar Andrea , Herrera Ramírez Diego , Gaus David , Troya Carlos , Nguyen A , Penuela M 
Published: December 2021

Objetivo. Comparar los resultados del tratamiento del síndrome coronario agudo (SCA), en una población rural del Noroccidente de la provincia de Pichincha en Ecuador, con relación a las intervenciones asumidas como el tratamiento convencional en el primer mundo.
Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 316 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en un periodo de 6 años, desde enero del 2010 a enero del 2017 en los cuales se reportó el diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo, o sus variantes según la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades Edición 10 (CIE-10). Se aplicó una encuesta que extrajo datos demográficos, enfermedades previas, exámenes realizados en el diagnóstico inicial, tratamiento recibido en emergencia, tiempo promedio desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta ingresar a la unidad de cuidados coronarios y mortalidad.
Resultados. La edad media del episodio isquémico fue de 62.8 años. Los factores de riesgo identificados fueron: hipertensión arterial (55%), diabetes (31%), Dislipidemia (4.8%), y tabaquismo (12%). El 9.5 % refirieron antecedentes de IAM.
El 86% presentó hallazgos de SCA en el electrocardiograma, 42.8% mostraron troponinas positivas; el 14.29% (6 pacientes) presentaron un desenlace fatal en la misma sala de emergencia. Más del 50% de los pacientes fue referido al tercer nivel de atención en Quito (22 pacientes). El tiempo promedio entre el inicio de los síntomas y el ingreso a la unidad de cuidados coronarios fue de 12 horas. La mortalidad en los primeros 15 días de los pacientes referidos a tercer nivel fue de 10 pacientes (23,8%).
Conclusiones. Se requiere una aplicación contextualizada de los estándares internacionales de manejo de SCA que contemple aspectos como: acceso y disponibilidad al tratamiento inicial denominado MONA (morfina, oxigeno cuando sea necesario, nitratos y aspirina), dotación adecuada de recursos humanos y equipamiento, en hospitales rurales y remotos, para la administración oportuna de fibrinólisis, y una coordinación con el sistema nacional de atención de emergencia y derivación que permiten el acceso a los hospitales con disponibilidad de cuidados coronarios.
UNDERSTANDING THE SOUND CHARACTER OF THE TOOL WITH A VIDEO SLIDE SKETCH ON THE ENSEMBLE LEARNING AT SMPN14 PADANG
Authors: Sudarman Yos , Hadi Harisnal 
Published: December 2021

This research aims to develop the subject matter of Art of Culture according to the curriculum of 2013, especially from the enriching aspect of instructional material of musical ensemble. The method used in this research is R & D method. The result of the research has created the development of teaching materials of local musical ensemble on Minangkabau music material, which by displaying the character of the ensemble instrument sound in the form of sketch-based video, the teacher can complete the teaching material in the show and not need to be demonstrated. With the enrichment of musical ensemble lesson material using this sketch-based slide video also, the teacher can present the lesson with more appreciative and attract the attention of the student, that is by the use of materials, tools, materials and study time effectively and efficiently.Keywords: sound character, music tool,video slide sketch, ensemble MEMAHAMI KARAKTER BUNYI ALAT DENGAN VIDEO SLIDE SKETSA PADA PEMBELAJARAN ENSAMBEL DI SMPN14 PADANGPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan materi pelajaran Seni Budaya sesuai kurikulum 2013, khususnya dari aspek memperkaya substansi bahan ajar ensambel musik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode R&D. Hasil penelitian telah menciptakan pengembangan bahan ajar ensambel musik daerah setempat pada materi musik Minangkabau, yang mana dengan menampilkan karakter bunyi alat musik ensambel dalam bentuk video berbasis sketsa, guru dapat melengkapi bahan ajarnya dalam tayangan dan tidak perlu didonstrasikan. Dengan adanya pengayaan materi pelajaran ensambel musik menggunakan video berbasis slide sketsa ini pula, guru dapat mempresentasikan pembelajaran dengan lebih apresiatif dan menarik perhatian siswa, yakni dengan penggunaan materi, alat, bahan dan waktu belajar yang efektif dan efisien.Kata kunci: karakter bunyi, alat, video slide sketsa, ensamble
EMPOWERING THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BUKITTINGGI TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEMS IN LEARNING CRAFTS
Authors: Wisdiarman Wisdiarman , Ariusmedi Ariusmedi , Erwin Erwin , Awrus Suib 
Published: December 2021

Crafting in junior high school consists of some learning materials such as handcrafting, processing, engineering, and cultivating. The learning material that must be given junior high school students in Bukittinggi is crafting because it is appropriate with the conditions of the area that is close to the centers of handicrafts. In fact, the problem found from the observation was that the teachers generally (82,73%) are not from the art and craft education. The teachers who are from art or craft education will be easier to teach crafts than those who are not. Those who are not from art education got problems in the implementation of craft learning materials. It was happened because they did not master or did not have enough experience about it. Moreover, the junior high school teachers also lacked of learning strategies that are in line with the demands of the 2013 curriculum. As a result, the implementation of craft learning, especially craft materials, did not run well. The solution offered to solve the above-mentioned problems was the application of science and technology with several approaches; 1) designing, 2) counseling by presenting training material, 3) training in crafting and designing learning strategies, and 4) mentoring. The results of this activity were; 1) Most of junior high school teachers (77.77%) have mastered the craft materials given, especially makrame and woven crafts, 2) Most of them (88.88%) have mastered learning strategies that are in line with scientific approaches in the 2013 Curriculum. Keywords: Increasing teachers’ ability, craft learning, craft learning materials, learning strategies in 2013 curriculum
Comparison of three purse-string suture techniques for prevention of anal leakage during surgery
Authors: Yong Jo Anne Au , Smeak Daniel D. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare 3 anal purse-string suture techniques for resistance to leakage and to identify the suture technique requiring the fewest tissue bites to create a consistent leak-proof orifice closure.

ANIMALS
18 large-breed canine cadavers.

PROCEDURES
3 purse-string suture techniques (3 bites with 0.5 cm between bites [technique A], 5 bites with 0.5 cm between bites [technique B], and 3 bites with 1.0 cm between bites [technique C]) were evaluated. Each technique involved 2-0 monofilament nylon suture that was placed in the cutaneous tissue around the anus and knotted with 6 square throws. Standardized 2.0-cm-diameter circular templates with the designated bite number and spacing indicated were used for suture placement. Leak-pressure testing was performed, and the pressure at which saline was first observed leaking from the anus was recorded. The median and interquartile (25th to 75th percentile) range (IQR) were compared among 3 techniques.

RESULTS
Median leak pressure for technique A (101 mm Hg; IQR, 35 to 131.3 mm Hg) was significantly greater than that for technique C (19 mm Hg; IQR, 14.3 to 25.3 mm Hg). Median pressure did not differ between techniques A and B (50 mm Hg; IQR, 32.5 to 65 mm Hg) or between techniques B and C.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Placement of an anal purse-string suture prevented leakage at physiologic colonic and rectal pressures, regardless of technique. Placement of 3 bites 0.5 cm apart (technique A) is recommended because it used the fewest number of bites and had the highest resistance to leakage.
Biologics Drugs in Behçet’s Disease: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Serpa Pinto Luísa , Xavier Pipa Sara , Carvalheiras Graziela , Campar Ana , Marinho António , Farinha Fátima , Vasconcelos Carlos , Araújo Correia João 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Behçet´s disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown cause. Several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), appear to play a substantial role. Therefore, biologics such as anti-TNF-α agents are rising to control severe or refractory BD´s manifestations.

We aimed to describe the biological therapy´s outcomes in BD patients.

Methods: A longitudinal, prospective, unicentric cohort study with patients followed in a specialized outpatient clinic. We collected data regarding BD´s manifestations, treatments, and outcomes during follow-up.

Results: Our cohort includes 243 patients, of whom 31% were male. During follow-up, 20 patients (8%) were treated with biological drugs. Patients who received biological therapies were younger (p = 0.030), had less frequently genital aphthosis (p = 0.009), and more frequently erythema nodosum (p = 0.009), polyarthritis (p = 0.002), spondyloarthritis (p = 0.024), retinal vasculitis (p = 0.011) and gastrointestinal manifestations (p = 0.024), namely gastroduodenal ulcer (p = 0.035), digestive bleeding from ulcers (p = 0.002), and bowel perforation (p = 0.004). Anti-TNF-α agents were used in all of these patients, most frequently infliximab. Patients started biologicals after classical immunosuppressors failure, and most went into remission (93%). Three patients developed tuberculosis during treatment, regardless of regular screening tests. It was possible to stop biological therapy in five patients, so far, without recurrence, with 33 months of mean follow-up time after suspension.

Discussion: Anti-TNF-α agents are highly effective for refractory BD´s manifestations, although they are not innocuous. Little is known about the optimal duration of these therapies, regarding when and how to stop these drugs. This issue is essential not only to avoid relapses but also to reduce therapy side-effects.
METASTABLE STATE WITH HIGH ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY IN LiNaTaNbO SYNTHESIZED AT HIGH PRESSURE
Authors: Ефремов Вадим Викторович , Палатников Михаил Николаевич , Щербина Ольга Борисовна 
Published: December 2021

Представлены результаты исследования сегнетоэлектрического твердого раствора LiNaTaNbO со структурой перовскита, основанного на ниобате натрия и синтезированного в условиях высокого давления и температуры. Методом импеданс спектроскопии в области температур 290 - 800 К были определены значения удельных проводимостей на постоянном токе, энергии активации носителей заряда и реальная часть диэлектрической проницаемости. Показана эволюция температурных аномалий удельной проводимости и диэлектрической проницаемости при термоциклировании. Обнаруженые эффекты связанны со структурными фазовыми переходами, определена температура Кюри. LiNaTaNbOпретерпевает фазовый переход второго рода. Установлено, что в LiNaTaNbO образуется метастабильная фаза, обладающая высокой электропроводностью в области комнатной температуры. При нагреве выше температуры Кюри данная фаза разрушается. Обсуждаются возможные механизмы обнаруженных явлений.
The results are presented of a study of a ferroelectric solid solution LiNaTaNbO with a perovskite structure based on sodium niobate and synthesized under high pressure and temperature. In the temperature range of 290-800 K, the values of the specific conductivity at direct current, the activation energy of charge carriers, and the real part of the dielectric constant were determined by the method of impedance spectroscopy. Evolution of temperature anomalies of specific conductivity and dielectric constant during thermal cycling is shown. The observed effects are associated with structural phase transitions, and the Curie temperature is determined. The LiNaTaNbO undergoes a second-order phase transition. It was found that a metastable phase is formed in LiNaTaNbO, which has a high electrical conductivity at the room temperature. When heated above the Curie temperature, this phase is destroyed. Possible mechanisms of the discovered phenomena are discussed.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE CONTACT FORCE METHOD OF THE ATOMIC FORCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Кузнецова Юлия Васильевна 
Published: December 2021

Предложена методика, оптимизирующая метод контактной силовой спектроскопии. С помощью макроязыка, интегрированного в программное обеспечение NOVA установки сканирующего зондового микроскопа Solver P47, был разработан алгоритм, позволяющий анализировать силовые кривые, не покидая его основного интерфейса. Апробация метода выполнена на образцах синтезированного полимера, поскольку одним из важнейших механических свойств, определяющим их спектр областей применения, является упругость. В работе получены локальные значения модуля Юнга на поверхности полимера методом контактной силовой спектроскопии с применением скрипта YUNG, разработанного с помощью макроязыка, интегрированного в программу управления сканирующего зондового микроскопа. Показано, что применение скрипта YUNG позволяет оптимизировать метод контактной силовой спектроскопии по поиску показателя степени γ, выбору модели для расчета силы взаимодействия для дальнейшего определения локального модуля Юнга.
We propose a technique that optimizing the method of contact force spectroscopy. With the help of a macro language integrated into the NOVA software of the Solver P47 scanning probe microscope, an algorithm was developed that allows analyzing force curves without leaving its main interface. The approbation of the method was done on samples of synthesized polymer, since one of the most important mechanical properties determining their range of applications is elasticity. In this paper, local values of the Young's modulus on the polymer surface are obtained by the method of contact force spectroscopy using the YUNG script developed using a macro language integrated into the control program of a scanning probe microscope. It is shown that the use of the YUNG script makes it possible to optimize the method of contact force spectroscopy by searching for the exponent γ, choosing a model for calculating the interaction force for further determination of the local Young modulus.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROPERTIES OF SODIUM NIOBATE AND SODIUM - LITHIUM NIOBATE CERAMICS
Authors: Малышкина Ольга Витальевна , Пацуев Кирилл Валерьевич , Иванова Александра Ивановна , Али Майс 
Published: December 2021

Авторами исследовано влияние температуры синтеза ниобата натрия, на состояние поляризации в образцах керамики чистого ниобата натрия и модифицированного литием. Проведено сравнительное исследование структуры и пироэлектрических свойств полученных образцов. Показано, что введение в качестве модификатора лития приводит к существенному изменению структуры в глубине образцов керамики на основе ниобата натрия. Если в глубине образцов чистого ни ниобата натрия, как и на поверхности, различаются отдельные зерна, то центральная часть керамики ниобата натрия-лития представляет собой сплошной массив, в котором отдельные зерна не наблюдаются. Во всех образцах, кроме чистого ниобата натрия, синтезированного двойным синтезом (первый при 650 °C, второй при 700 °C), установлено существование градиента поляризации по толщине образцов, направленного от стороны, соответствующей положительному концу вектора поляризации к стороне, соответствующей отрицательному концу вектора поляризации.
The authors studied the effect of the temperature of sodium niobate synthesis on the state of polarization in ceramic samples of pure sodium niobate and modified with lithium. A comparative study of the structure and pyroelectric properties of the obtained samples has been carried out. It is shown that the introduction of lithium as a modifier leads to a significant change in the structure in the depth of ceramic samples based on sodium niobate. If in the depth of the pure sodium niobate samples, as well as on the surface, there are individual grains, then the central part of the sodium niobate-lithium niobate ceramics is a continuous mass in which individual grains are not observed. In all samples, except for pure sodium niobate, which was synthesized by double synthesis (the first at 650 °C, the second at 700 °C), the existence of a polarization gradient along the thickness of the samples was established. The gradient is directed from the side corresponding to the positive end of the polarization vector to the side corresponding to the negative end of the polarization vector.
PORE PERCENTAGE ESTIMATION OF PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS USING CCANN AND IMAGE MADE WITH SEM
Authors: Мамаев Данила Владимирович , Меркурьев Сергей Алексеевич , Малышкина Ольга Витальевна 
Published: December 2021

Авторами получены образцы пьезоэлектрической керамики ниобата калия натрия с концентрацией пор 10,25 и 40 объемных %. Разработана капсульная свёрточная искусственная нейронная сеть для определения процентного содержания пор по изображению. С помощью растрового электронного микроскопа получено обучающее множество примеров (фотографии поверхности и сколов подготовленных образцов). Разработка и апробация капсульной свёрточной искусственной нейронной сети осуществлена в несколько этапов. На первом проведено ее обучение с помощью метода обратного распространения ошибки. На втором - тестирование на проверочном множестве. На заключительном этапе проведено сравнение полученных результатов с результатами метода сравнения плотности материала. Показано, что данный метод можно использовать для решения задачи определения процентного содержания пор в KNN, поскольку полученные результаты сопоставимы с результатами, полученными другим методом. Установлено, что в образцах, в которых не были специально добавлены поры, также присутствуют поры (порядка 5 %).
The authors synthesized samples of piezoelectric potassium sodium niobate ceramics of 10,25 and 40 pore percentage by volume. Capsule convolutional artificial neural network has been developed for estimation of the pore percentage in images. Using the scanning electron microscopy, f learning massive of examples was formed (photographs of surface and edges of so-synthesized samples). Development and approbation of the capsule convolutional artificial neural network was completed in a few stages. During the first stage, the network was trained using a backpropagation method. Secondly, it was tested by a testing set. At the final stage we made a comparison of the acquired results with the results of the density comparing method. The article shows that this method can be used the pore percentage estimation in sodium niobate ceramics because the acquired results are comparable with the results of other methods. It was found that the samples where the pores were not made also have some pore percentage (about 5 %).