bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital assessment of marginal accuracy in ceramic crowns fabricated with different marginal finish line configurations
Authors: Faruqi Saif , Ganji Kiran Kumar , Bandela Vinod , Nagarajappa Anil Kumar , Mohamed Roshan Noor , Ahmed Muhannad Al , Farhan Mohammed , Alwakid Waleed Naif , Al‐Hammad Kholood A. S. , Alam Mohammad Khursheed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo digitally evaluate the marginal adaptation of different types of all‐ceramic crowns on two different marginal configurations such as Shoulder and Chamfer of the prepared teeth.MethodsThe marginal fit of the crown specimens on the model of the prepared teeth were assessed using the dual scan replica technique. Two plastic teeth were prepared; one having a Shoulder finishing line (A), while the other with a Chamfer finish line (B). Three types of different all‐ceramic crowns, layered zirconia, monolithic zirconia, and pressed lithium disilicate, were fabricated for each prepared tooth (A) and (B). Measurements for assessing the marginal discrepancy were done on four designated points on the mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal surface of the superimposed image.ResultsThe average marginal gap was the largest in the layered zirconia group, followed by monolithic zirconia, while pressed lithium disilicate crowns showed the least marginal gaps. Crowns with Chamfer finish lines were better fitting (less marginal gap) than the shoulder finish lines across all the groups.ConclusionsChamfer finish lines produced better fitting restorations, and heat‐pressed lithium disilicate crowns showed better adaptation at the margins than both layered zirconia and monolithic zirconia.
The digestion property evaluation of oil embedded in soybean protein–phospholipid nanocomposite aggregate particle
Authors: Ji Xuyang , Cui Yaoming , Liu Xue , Zhu Hao , Zheng Jianzhang , Song Shijia , Gao Feng , Zhu Jinfeng , Liu Xinyu , Guan Junjun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis research aimed to explore the digestion properties of oil embedded in the soybean protein–phospholipid (PC) nanocomposite aggregate particles through gastrointestinal digestion model. Soybean protein isolate (SPI), before and after enzymatically hydrolyzed, was combined with PC to form SPI‐PC and enzymatically hydrolyzed SPI‐PC (EHSPI‐PC) nanocomposite aggregate particles. In the process of stomach dynamic digestion, the zeta potential of SPI‐PC changed from −23.50 to 0.40 mV and the Z‐average particle size reached 1,452.00 nm at 70 min while the zeta potential of EHSPI‐PC changed from −45.63 to 6.13 mV and the Z‐average particle size was 594.77 nm. EHSPI‐PC had larger zeta‐potential absolute value and smaller particle size compared with SPI‐PC. It indicated EHSPI‐PC nanocomposite aggregate particles were good gastrointestinal protective carriers. After adding soybean oil, EHSPI‐PC showed denser and smaller droplet morphologies and more surface charge during the digestion process. Compared with SPI‐PC, it also had better emulsification activity and emulsification stability. In conclusion, EHSPI‐PC is more suitable for embedding soybean oil to release in the small intestine.Practical ApplicationsNano‐aggregate particles are widely used in food, medicine, and chemical industries due to their unique physical and chemical properties and functional properties. However, nano‐aggregate particles have unsatisfactory packaging of emulsifiers and leakage of embedded materials. Enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean protein isolate–phospholipid (EHSPI‐PC) nanocomposite aggregate particles have good emulsification and long‐lasting stability. The results showed that it is feasible for EHSPI‐PC nanocomposite aggregate particles to embed oily substances to ensure that the substances perform their functions in the intestinal tract. Therefore, the delivery system based on the EHSPI‐PC nanocomposite aggregate particles has good development potential in the food and pharmaceutical industries for encapsulation, protection, and release of nonpolar substances.
Post‐infection functional gastrointestinal disorders following coronavirus disease‐19: A case–control study
Authors: Ghoshal Uday C , Ghoshal Ujjala , Rahman M Masudur , Mathur Akash , Rai Sushmita , Akhter Mahfuza , Mostafa Tanvir , Islam Mohammad Shohidul , Haque Sheikh Ahmedul , Pandey Ankita , Kibria Md Golam , Ahmed Faruque 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimBecause acute infectious gastroenteritis may cause post‐infection irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 affects gastrointestinal (GI) tract, coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) may cause post‐infection‐functional GI disorders (FGIDs). We prospectively studied the frequency and spectrum of post‐infection‐FGIDs among COVID‐19 and historical healthy controls and the risk factors for its development.MethodsTwo hundred eighty patients with COVID‐19 and 264 historical healthy controls were followed up at 1 and 3 months using translated validated Rome Questionnaires for the development of chronic bowel dysfunction (CBD), dyspeptic symptoms, and their overlap and at 6‐month for IBS, uninvestigated dyspepsia (UD) and their overlap. Psychological comorbidity was studied using Rome III Psychosocial Alarm Questionnaire.ResultsAt 1 and 3 months, 16 (5.7%), 16 (5.7%), 11 (3.9%), and 24 (8.6%), 6 (2.1%), 9 (3.2%) of COVID‐19 patients developed CBD, dyspeptic symptoms, and their overlap, respectively; among healthy controls, none developed dyspeptic symptoms and one developed CBD at 3 months (P < 0.05). At 6 months, 15 (5.3%), 6 (2.1%), and 5 (1.8%) of the 280 COVID‐19 patients developed IBS, UD, and IBS‐UD overlap, respectively, and one healthy control developed IBS at 6 months (P < 0.05 for all except IBS‐UD overlap). The risk factors for post‐COVID‐19 FGIDs at 6 months included symptoms (particularly GI), anosmia, ageusia, and presence of CBD, dyspeptic symptoms, or their overlap at 1 and 3 months and the psychological comorbidity.ConclusionsThis is the first study showing COVID‐19 led to post‐COVID‐19 FGIDs. Post‐COVID‐19 FGIDs may pose a significant economic, social, and healthcare burden to the world.
Assessing the concurrent validity of days alive and at home metric
Authors: Shen Ernest , Rozema Emily J. , Haupt Eric C. , Henry Maureen , Scholle Sarah H. , Wang Susan E. , Lynn Joanne , Mularski Richard A. , Nguyen Huong Q. ,   the HomePal Research Group
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMost patients living with serious illness value spending time at home. Emerging data suggest that days alive and at home (DAH) may be a useful metric, however more research is needed. We aimed to assess the concurrent validity of DAH with respect to clinically significant changes in patient‐ and caregiver‐reported outcomes (PROs).MethodsWe drew data from a study that compared two models of home‐based palliative care among seriously ill patients and their caregivers in two Kaiser Permanente regions (Southern California and Northwest). We included participants aged 18 years or older (n = 3533) and corresponding caregivers (n = 463). We categorized patients and caregivers into three groups based on whether symptom burden (Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, ESAS) or caregiving preparedness (Preparedness for Caregiving Scale, CPS) showed improvements, deterioration, or no change from baseline to 1 month later. We measured DAH across four time windows: 30, 60, 90, and 180 days, after admission to home palliative care. We used two‐way ANOVA to compare DAH across the PRO groups.ResultsAdjusted pairwise comparisons showed that DAH was highest for patients whose ESAS scores improved or did not change compared with those with worsening symptoms. Although the mean differences ranged from less than a day to about 3 weeks, none exceeded 0.3 standard deviations. ESAS change scores had weak negative correlations (r = −0.11 to −0.21) with DAH measures. CPS change scores also showed weak, positive correlations (r = 0.23–0.24) with DAH measures.ConclusionDAH measures are associated, albeit weakly, with clinically important improvement or maintenance of patient symptom burden in a diverse, seriously ill population.
Environmental contamination with SARS‐CoV‐2 in nursing homes
Authors: Mody Lona , Gibson Kristen E. , Mantey Julia , Bautista Liza , Montoya Ana , Neeb Karen , Jenq Grace , Mills John P. , Min Lillian , Kabeto Mohammed , Galecki Andrzej , Cassone Marco , Martin Emily T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSARS‐CoV‐2 outbreaks in nursing homes (NHs) have been devastating and have led to the creation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) units within NHs to care for affected patients. Frequency and persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 environmental contamination in these units have not been studied.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between October 2020 and January 2021 in four Michigan NHs. Swabs from high‐touch surfaces in COVID‐19‐infected patient rooms were obtained at enrollment and follow‐up. Demographic and clinical data were collected from clinical records. Primary outcome of interest was the probability of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection from specific environmental surfaces in COVID‐19 patient rooms. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess patient risk factors for SARS‐CoV‐2 contamination. Pairwise Phi coefficients were calculated to measure correlation of site‐specific environmental detection upon enrollment and during follow‐up.ResultsOne hundred and four patients with COVID‐19 were enrolled (61.5% >80 years; 67.3% female; 89.4% non‐Hispanic White; 51% short stay) and followed up for 241 visits. The study population had significant disabilities in activities of daily living (ADL; 81.7% dependent in four or more ADLs) and comorbidities, including dementia (55.8%), diabetes (40.4%), and heart failure (32.7%). Over the 3‐month study period, 2087 swab specimens were collected (1896 COVID‐19 patient rooms, 191 common areas). SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity was 28.4% (538/1896 swabs) on patient room surfaces and 3.7% (7/191 swabs) on common area surfaces. Nearly 90% (93/104) of patients had SARS‐CoV‐2 contamination in their room at least once. Environmental contamination upon enrollment correlated with contamination of the same site during follow‐up. Functional independence increased the odds of proximate contamination.ConclusionsEnvironmental detection of viral RNA from surfaces in the rooms of COVID‐19 patients is nearly universal and persistent; more investigation is needed to determine the implications of this for infectiousness. Patients with greater independence are more likely than fully dependent patients to contaminate their immediate environment.
Satisfaction or connectivity?: Implications from the strong relationality model of flourishing couple relationships
Authors: Galovan Adam M. , Carroll Jason S. , Schramm David G. , Leonhardt Nathan D. , Zuluaga Johana , McKenadel Siobahn E. M. , Oleksuik McKenna R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA central feature of couple relationships research is the use of self‐report measures of relationship satisfaction. Despite the widespread use of such measures in couples’ research, scholars have raised critical questions about satisfaction‐focused assessment, including concerns about taking an ontologically individualistic focus. Moving beyond ontological individualism, drawing from the Strong Relationality Model of Relationship Flourishing and data from 615 couples in the United States and Canada (N = 1230 individuals), we explored similarities and differences between assessments of relationship satisfaction and a measure based on strong relationality (relational‐connectivity). We evaluated associations with other scales assessing relationship factors including indicators of well‐being, relationship processes, virtues, and responsible actions. Using confirmatory latent profile analysis, we classified individuals as Flourishing (55.4%), Languishing (31.8%), Connected, Less‐Satisfied (7.8%), or Satisfied, Less‐Connected (5.0%). Our results suggest that attending to richer perspectives of relationship quality may spur additional understanding of many factors associated with meaningful couple relationships.
Effects of small‐molecule compounds on fibroblast properties in golden snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana)
Authors: Wang Juanjuan , Liu Xin , Yang Jing , Guo Hanxing , Li Jingjing , Huo Lihui , Zhao Haitao , Wang Xiaowei , Yan Xingrong , Li Baoguo , sun Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGolden snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is an endangered primate species, whose molecular material for conservation purposes has not yet been maintained. Although small‐molecule compounds (SMCs) have been reported to improve induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), their efficiency in the interspecies‐transferred nucleus is still unknown.MethodsWe thus used the fibroblasts from the golden snub‐nosed monkey treated with SMC as donor cells, injected into the enucleated oocytes of goats, to test such efficiency. Gene expression profiles in the cell‐constructed embryos with and without SMCs were compared by qPCR.ResultsThe results show that cell morphology undergoes remarkable changes (volume is smaller than normal cells, and many black spots in the cytoplasm were found); pluripotent genes (Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog) significantly increased with SMC treatment.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that SMCs alter the properties of donor cells and promote the expression of pluripotent genes in hybrid embryos.
A systematic literature review on the current detection tools for authentication analysis of cosmetic ingredients
Authors: Aziz Atiqah Ab , Nordin Fatin Nur Majdina , Zakaria Zalina , Abu Bakar Nor Kartini 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of cosmetic products is considered a necessity for beautification in our daily lives. Cosmetic products composed of natural oils or fats as a main ingredient for various beneficial properties. Fats and oils are composed of various type of fatty acids with different compositions. Hence, fatty acids profile can be an effective chemical fingerprint for authentication analysis of cosmetic products.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to enlighten the current detection tools developing for fatty acids profile authentication analyses of cosmetic ingredients based on the effectiveness, halal status, safety, advantages and disadvantages of the methods.MethodologyThe data were extracted from the scientific literatures published between October 2015 and 2020 in the Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, and analyzed with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA).FindingsBased on the systemic literature reviews, essential oil, argan oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil, and jojoba oil were among the mostly studied ingredients in cosmetics. Furthermore, a combination of more than one analytical instrument was utilized to profile fatty acids while the determination of the origin of the fatty acids is under scrutiny. The portable mass spectrometer combined with a direct inlet membrane (DIM) probe seems to be the best tool in terms of time consumption, cost, requires no sample preparation with high efficiency. The current review showed that the best cosmetic base is when the oil is composed of high concentration of fatty acids such as linoleic, oleic, stearic acid, and palmitic acids with concentration range from 19.7 ‐ 46.30%, which offers various beneficial properties to cosmetic products.
The central vein sign in multiple sclerosis lesions: Susceptibility relaxation optimization from a routine MRI multiecho gradient echo sequence
Authors: Li Jiahao , Huang Weiyuan , Luo Xianfu , Wen Yan , Cho Junghun , Kovanlikaya Ilhami , Gauthier Susan A. , Nguyen Thanh D. , Spincemaille Pascal , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe white matter lesion central vein sign (CVS) is an emerging biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS) differential diagnosis. Currently, CVS is detected on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) with suboptimal contrast. We developed an imaging method called susceptibility relaxation optimization (SRO) to improve CVS visualization.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of MS patients who had MRI in June 2018 with routine 3D multiecho gradient echo (GRE) and T2‐weighted fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. SRO and SWI images were reconstructed from GRE data. MS lesions were identified on FLAIR image. The CVS detection rate, the image quality score of CVS conspicuity (range 0–3), and central vein‐to‐lesion contrast were compared between SRO and SWI images.ResultsIn 20 MS patients (mean age 45 ± 9 years; 15 women), SRO significantly increased CVS detection rate compared to SWI (53.3%, 274/514 vs. 32.9%, 169/514; p<.001, McNemar's test). The median image quality score for SRO was 2 compared to 1 for SWI (p<.001, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test). The median overall image quality score for SRO was 7 compared to 6 for SWI (p = .003; Wilcoxon signed‐rank test). Central vein‐to‐lesion contrast was 0.12 ± 0.12 in SRO compared to 0.031 ± 0.075 in SWI (p<.001, t‐test).ConclusionsSRO yields better central vein contrast and increases CVS detection rate compared to SWI.
Parental acculturation and oral health of children among immigrants
Authors: Dahlan Rana , Bohlouli Babak , Salami Bukola , Saltaji Humam , Amin Maryam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis cross‐sectional study aimed to examine the associations between parental acculturation level and strategies and children's caries experience and oral health (OH) behaviors.MethodsParticipants were immigrant parents of children aged 2–12 years. Data were collected by validated questionnaires gathering information on socio‐demographics, child's OH behaviors, and parents'; acculturation and dental examinations determining child's caries experience using DMFT/dmft index. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used.ResultsThree hundred and thirty‐six parent/child dyads completed the study. Length of residency (B = 0.103; 95% CI: 0.064, 0.141) parents' education (B = 1.691; 95% CI: 1.228, 2.155), and household income (B = −0.959; 95% CI: −1.566, −0.352) significantly predicted acculturation level. Parents with high Canadian cultural knowledge reported higher frequency of children's toothbrushing (p‐value = 0.015). Parents of children who consumed sugar >1/day had higher mean scores of acculturation to Canadian culture (p‐value = 0.016), English language proficiency (p‐value = 0.024), and Canadian food adoption (p‐value = 0.046). Parents of children who visited the dentist within last 12 months had significantly higher assimilation and lower separation mean scores. Parents of children who visited dentist because of dental problems had higher marginalization mean score than those who went for check‐ups (p‐value = 0.046). Parental acculturation was not significantly correlated with their children's dmft/DMFT level.ConclusionsChildren of highly acculturated parents reported higher toothbrushing frequency and were more likely to consume sugar than children of less acculturated parents. Assimilated parents reported more and marginalized parents reported less favorable OH behaviors than other categories. Parental acculturation level or strategy was not associated with children's caries experience.
Rejection behaviour of horses for hay contaminated with meadow saffron (Colchicum autumnale L.)
Authors: Mueller Clara , Sroka Louisa , Hass Marie‐Lena , Aboling Sabine , These Anja , Vervuert Ingrid 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundExtensively used grasslands are frequently utilised for hay production for equines. Especially, extensive meadows have a great variety of plant species, which may include plants that are poisonous for equines such as meadow saffron (Colchicum autumnale L.). To authors’ knowledge investigations about horses` avoidance behaviour towards dried meadow saffron in hay are missing. Reports of farmers are contrary to clinical symptoms described in case reports and associated with meadow saffron in hay.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the rejection behaviour of horses for hay contaminated with meadow saffron (MS) when fed ad libitum.Study designAn 18‐day feeding trial with six adult geldings to observe the rejection behaviour for hay contaminated with MS.MethodsThe horses were fed a basal diet containing hay ad libitum and a mineral supplement during the feeding trial. At six different daytimes, hay contaminated with 1% or 2% dried MS was provided to the horses over a duration of 1 h. The rejection behaviour was observed personally and by video recordings. If a horse ingested more than two plants of MS during one observation period, the observation was stopped and repeated at another day. When the observation period had to be stopped twice, the horse was excluded from the experiment.ResultsFive of six horses ingested MS during the first feeding periods. One horse rejected leaves and capsules at the beginning of the study, but it showed repeated ingestion of MS after the seventh observation period.Main limitationsLack of knowledge about secondary plant metabolites affecting taste and their variability between fresh and dried plants.ConclusionsThe intake of MS in hay by horses could not be ruled out with certainty. Therefore, feeding hay contaminated with MS should be avoided for equids.
Macrobenthos‐based RBP II (Rapid Bioassessment Protocol II) as a tool to assess the sediment and water quality in a treated textile effluent receiving stream ecosystem associated with a wetland marsh: A case study from Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijeyaratne W. M. Dimuthu Nilmini , Liyanage Uditha Prabhath 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMacrobenthos are important bioindicators of organic and nutrient pollution. The present study used the macrobenthos‐based rapid bioassessment protocol (RBP II) to study the effects of treated textile effluent inputs into a natural stream ecosystem connected to a wetland marsh. Three reference sites and three sites receiving point source inputs from a textile effluent treatment plant were selected. The physical and chemical parameters, and the abundance and diversity of macrobenthos at each site, were assessed during the rainy and dry seasons of 2020. Although the water quality parameters at the sites representing the point source inputs did not exceed the standard textile effluent discharge limits, a significant influence on the macrobenthic community composition was observed at the effluent discharge receiving sites. The dominant macrobenthos in the ecosystem (Baetis sp., Leptophlebia sp; Tubifex sp.) exhibited significant correlations with lead, copper, chromium and cadmium concentrations of the water and sediments. The Shannon–Weiner Diversity Index, Family Biotic Index, EPT Index and EPT/C ratio used in the rapid bioassessment protocol indicated significantly strong correlations with the water and sediment quality parameters, demonstrating their suitability to be used as a tool for biological measurements in aquatic ecosystems receiving textile effluents.