bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiota and Host Cyp450s Co-contribute to Pharmacokinetic Variability in Mice With Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Vary From Drug to Drug
Authors: Guo Jing , Xu Ying , Chen Li-Jie , Zhang Song-xia , Rao Tai , Peng Jing-bo , Guo Ying , Tan Zhi-rong , Ou-yang Dong-sheng , Chen Xiao-ping , Liou Yu-Ligh , Zhang Wei , Chen Yao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Pharmacokinetic variability in disease state is common in clinical practice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aim to investigate the effects of gut microbiota and host Cyp450s on pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).Methods: The pharmacokinetic variability of mice with NASH was explored under intragastric and intravenous administration of a cocktail mixture of omeprazole, phenacetin, midazolam, tolbutamide, chlorzoxazone, and metoprolol compared with the control group. The pharmacokinetic variability of the drugs and its relation with changes of gut microbiota and host Cyp450s were compared and analyzed.Results: The exposure of all drugs, except metoprolol, significantly increased in the NASH group under intragastric administration. However, no significant increase in the exposure of all drugs, except tolbutamide, was observed in the NASH group under intravenous administration. The pharmacokinetic variabilities of phenacetin, midazolam, omeprazole, and chlorzoxazone were mainly associated with decreased elimination activity of the gut microbiota. By contrast, the pharmacokinetic variability of tolbutamide was mainly related to the change in host Cyp2c65. However, gut microbiota and host Cyp450s exerted minimal effect on the pharmacokinetic variability of metoprolol.Conclusions: Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute the pharmacokinetic variability in mice with NASH, and the degree of contribution varies from drug to drug.
Research on the Method of Solving Kinematics Parameters of Three-axis Dynamic Centrifuge
Authors: Zhou Bang-Zhao , Zhang Shuai , Yang Min , Chen Sheng-Lai , Ou Feng , Zhang Ya-Hong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With the development of aerospace technology, the maneuverability of various types of aircraft continues to improve, and these aircraft experience an overload environment with high acceleration and high acceleration rate. Due to the special influence brought by the high acceleration rate, the dynamic centrifugal test technology, which is different from the traditional steady-state centrifugal test technology, came into being. The steady-state centrifuge has only one rotor, while the dynamic centrifuge has multiple rotors; so, the relationship between the acceleration of the control point and the motion parameters of the rotors is more complicated. Therefore, a key issue of the dynamic centrifugal test technology is the inverse kinematics of the dynamic centrifuge, which is to calculate the kinematic parameters of the dynamic centrifuge according to the expected acceleration environment that needs to be simulated on the centrifuge. After the kinematic parameters is calculated, the control target of each rotor of the dynamic centrifuge could be known, then the expected acceleration environment could be produced. In this paper, 1) on the basis of the predecessors, the equation for solving the angular velocity of the main arm of the centrifuge is improved; 2) and then a time step adaptive method is proposed, which takes into account the calculation accuracy and efficiency. As a result, an inverse kinematics algorithm that is more accurate and adaptable to various acceleration history curve is obtained. Finally, the inverse kinematics algorithm in this paper is verified through experiments and numerical simulations.
Clinical Treatment Options for Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Infections in China: a Single Centre Real-world Experience
Authors: Sheng Ruanmei , Wang Xuemin , Hou Yanqiang , Liu Jun , Yang Zhiwen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria constitute a serious threat to public health worldwide. However, as a result of the complexities of clinical therapy, antibiotic options against carbapenem-resistant pathogens have not yet been fully standardized. Here, we conducted a retrospective study in 65,000 inpatients over a 2-year period that involved a total of 86 patients from whom carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria were isolated. Monotherapy using trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, meropenem, and/or doxycycline in our hospital exhibited a clinical success rate of 83.3% for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, monotherapy using moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime, and/or ceftazidime for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited a clinical success rate of 77.7%, and monotherapy using cefoperazone/sulbactam or combination therapy with tigecycline and cefoperazone/sulbactam for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii exhibited a clinical success rate of 62.1%. Our findings highlight the clinical strategies used in our hospital to successfully treat carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections.
Whole-Genome Identification and Salt- and ABA-Induced Expression Trends of the Nicotiana tabacum CKX gene family
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Wang Genhong , Yi Meiqin , Song Chunman , Gao Qian , Xia Qingyou , Xiang Haiying 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cytokinin hormones are indispensable for plant growth and development. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) helps regulate the dynamic balance of endogenous cytokinin levels. However, little is known about the CKX genes of Nicotiana tabacum (NtCKXs). In silico analyses were used to isolate, characterize, and elucidate the phylogenetic relationships of 15 NtCKX genes. Multi-species phylogenetic tree construction placed NtCKX1–15 on five of the eight branches of the CKX phylogenetic tree. Protein structure and network analyses revealed that NtCKX genes located on the same phylogenetic branch generally contain several conserved motifs and have highly similar structures, with structural domains related to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and cytokinin-binding found on all of the predicted NtCKX-encoded proteins. The upstream promotor region of NtCKX genes contained a large number of abiotic stress-responsive cis-acting elements, including DRE, ERE, MBS, MYB, and MYC. Gene expression analysis revealed that each NtCKX gene has a different response to salt- and exogenous ABA-stress. Four NtCKX genes exhibited ABA-induced expression trends with varying peak times. Under salt-stress, NtCKX expression was significantly suppressed in two genes and upregulated in five others. In summary, we have provided basic in-formation about the CKX gene family of N. tabacum, and elucidated their gene expression patterns under abiotic stresses, including ABA- and salt-stress. The findings of this work can serve as a foundation for future study of the functions of N. tabacum CKX genes.
VHL Expression Level in the Pathological Tissue is Significantly Associated with Hematotoxicity of Platinum-based Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.
Authors: Cao Yejun , Zhang Qiying , Han Yang , Huang Zhiyuan , Chai Zhengjun , Liu Jie , Wang Jinyi , Sun Zhengliang , Zhao Tian , Wang Guangxue , Chen Guohan , Li Qinchuan , Hong Xuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between expression level of Von Hippel-Lindau(VHL) in pathological tissue and hematotoxicity of platinum-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods The pathological samples of NSCLC patients were obtained for immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the expression level of VHL. Furthermore, their clinical data were collected and prognosis was traced by phone. The correlation between gene expression level and the hematotoxicity was evaluated by chi-square test. The influence of VHL expression level on the risk of hematotoxicity was tested by logistic regression model. The survival curve was plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and the survival rate between the two groups was compared by log-rank test. Results A total of 110 NSCLC patients were enrolled in this study, the median follow-up time of these patients was 27.5 months. In the whole group, 31 patients had died by the last date of follow-up to get their survival information (Nov.10,2020), with a median survival time of 24.3 months. Though immunohistochemical analysis,we found that 59 patients(53.6%) had weak expression level of VHL or lack of expression in their tumor tissues,while 51 patients(46.4%) presented moderate or high expression. We found that the patients with weak expression of VHL in their carcinoma tissue or lack of expression had more opportunities to occur neutropenia after platinum-based chemotherapy(OR=0.264,95%CI=0.085-0.818,P-value=0.021).And the expression level of VHL was correlated with OS(Logrank test: P-value= 0.007，HR= 4.219,95%CI: 1.75-10.174, P-value=0.001), while not related with DFS(Logrank test：P-value=0.256，HR= 1.334,95%CI:0.642-2.769, P-value=0.440). Conclusion The expression level of VHL gene in pathological tissue is related with granulocytopenia and leukocytotoxicity after platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. It can be used as a biomarker to predict the risk of neutropenia and the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Procalcitonin, Pentraxine 3, and Molecules of the Vascular Endothelium are Hallmark of Pathogenicity and Predict Coma and Mortality Among Children with Severe and Cerebral Malaria
Authors: Tornyigah Bernard , Blankson Samuel , Adamou Rafiou , Moussiliou Azizath , Rietmeyer Lauriane , Tettey Patrick , Dikroh Liliane , ADDO Bernard , Lamptey Helena , Alao Maroufou , Annick Amoussou , Padounou Caroline , Roussilhon Christian , Pons Sylvie , Mensah Benedicta , Ndam Nicaise , Tahar Rachida 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Malaria-related deaths could be prevented if prompt diagnosis and prognostic biomarkers are available to allow rapid adequate treatment. Understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the progression from P. falciparum asymptomatic and uncomplicated malaria infections to severe life-threatening disease is necessary to identify such indicators. Methods: Using quantitative ELISA, we assessed the plasma concentrations of Procalcitonin, Pentraxine 3, Ang-2, sTie-2, suPAR, sEPCR, and sICAM-1 in a cohort of 337 Beninese children who presented with pediatric malaria to investigate the potential association with clinical manifestations and outcomes. Results: The molecules showed higher levels in children with severe or cerebral malaria compared to those with uncomplicated malaria. Plasmas concentrations of PTX3, PCT and the soluble receptors suPAR, sTie-2, sICAM-1 were significantly higher in children with deep coma as defined by a Blantyre Coma Score < 3 (P <0.001 for PTX3, suPAR, sTie-2, p=0.004 for PCT and p=0.005 for sICAM-1). Moreover, the concentrations of PTX3, suPAR and sEPCR were higher among children who died from severe malaria compared to those who survived with (p=0.037, p=0.035, and p=0.002 respectively).Conclusion: Our findings indicate the ability of these seven bioactive molecules to discriminate among the clinical manifestations of malaria and therefore, given their potential utility as prognostic biomarkers for severe and fatal malaria, they might be useful to improve severe cases management.
An Insight into the Botanical Origins of Propolis from Permanent Preservation and Reforestation Areas of Southern Brazil
Authors: Sartori Alan Giovanini Oliveira , Spada Fernanda Papa , Ribeiro Victor Pena , Rosalen Pedro Luiz , Ikegaki Masaharu , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , de Alencar Severino Matias 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Brown propolis from permanent preservation and reforestation areas of southern Brazil have attracted international commercial interest and have a unique composition, although little is known about their botanical origins, which are the plant resins used by bee foragers to produce propolis. Hence, the volatile profiles of organic and non-organic brown propolis and resins of suspected botanical origins – Araucaria angustifolia, Pinus elliott and Pinus taeda – were determined using static headspace gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (SHS-GCMS) and compared. Nighty nine volatiles were tentatively identified, and monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the most abundant classes. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed similarity between organic propolis and A. angustifolia volatile profiles (p < 0.05). Hierarchical clustering analysis showed singularities among propolis, even between propolis produced 1 km away from each other. Heatmaps were used to identify peaks present in similar relative intensities in both propolis and conifer resins. Hence, the approach using volatile profiles shed light to propolis botanical origins, which is important for authentication and traceability purposes.
Various Histological Types of Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated With Hereditary Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (HPRCC): a Case Report
Authors: FERLICOT Sophie , Just Pierre-Alexandre , Compérat Eva , Rouleau Etienne , Tissier Frédérique , Vaessen Christophe , Richard Stéphane 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma (HPRCC) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by the development of multiple and bilateral papillary type I renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and papillary adenomas caused by activating mutations in the MET proto-oncogene. Classically, distinctive histological features of RCC are described according to the familial renal cell carcinoma syndrome. To date, no clear cell RCC has been reported in HPRCC syndrome. Case presentation: We describe the case of a 51-year-old man with a germline MET mutation, who developed numerous papillary tumors but also unexpectedly clear cell renal cell carcinomas. During the follow-up, an adrenal metastasis was observed seven years after the initial diagnosis corresponding to a clear cell RCC metastasis. Using FISH, the metastatic tumor presented a trisomy of chromosomes 7 and 17. These genomic alterations are usually detected in papillary RCC, highlighting the potential link between both histological subtypes of tumors and the HPRCC syndrome.Conclusions: The pathologist must be aware that the presence of a non-papillary RCC associated with numerous papillary tumors should not exclude the diagnostic suspicion of HPRCC and thus to perform a thorough genomic study.
Experiment and Kinetic Modeling of Soil Extract Effects on Dunaliella Primolecta Growth
Authors: Ahmad Dzulkarnain , Ghani Intan Faraha A , Yaacob Nor Suhaila , Mokhtaram Mokhtazul Haizad , Ahmad Mohd Fadzli , Badli Mohammad Iqbal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that extracted soil has the potential to enhance microalgae growth. An experiment was conducted, and a kinetic model was developed to understand and predict the growth rate of Dunaliella primolecta with consideration of soil extract effects. Dunaliella primolecta was cultured and mixed with extracted soil from the Raja Musa Forest Reserve, Malaysia. At present, no model of microalgal growth associated with the soil extract effect has been developed to predict cell density and growth rate. A mathematical model was derived to describe the growth rate and cell density production of microalgae with soil extract in the cultured microplate. The prediction model of microalgae concentration agrees with the experimental data, with R2 ranging from 0.94 to 0.98. Culturing microalgae with 1% of soil extract concentration yielded a significant increment of growth rate. However, the growth rate remained constant at a higher concentration, suggesting the percentage as an optimal value. Thus, the soil extract acts as a growth enhancer that doubles the growth rate of cultured microalgae. A parametric study was conducted to characterize the light intensity and temperature effect on the growth model concerning soil extract effect.
Effect of COVID-19 on Patient Access to Health Services in Latin America: A Key Informant Survey
Authors: Kruse Meredith H , Durstine Alessandra , Evans Dabney P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCOVID-19 has been felt acutely in Latin America with several countries having among the highest numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of COVID-19 on access to health services in Latin America, as reported by patient advocacy organizations representing autoimmune, chronic, and noncommunicable diseases.MethodsIn August 2020, we conducted an online key informant survey in Spanish and Portuguese among patient advocacy organizations in 18 countries in Latin America. Univariate and bivariate analysis was conducted across two main subject areas: perceived patient effects from COVID-19 and patient access to health services. The main outcomes of analysis considered patient access to care during COVID-19 based on type of chronic illness and geographical region in Latin America.ResultsA total of 81 survey responses were analyzed. A majority (83%) of patient advocacy organizations reported their patients experienced delays receiving their treatment and care services; 52% experienced delays of 30 days or more. Telemedicine was considered available, but not accessible to patients (37%) and a majority (76%) of patients faced challenges with electronic prescriptions. Patients were not likely to receive a multi-month prescription from their doctor (38%) or successfully fill it at the pharmacy (26%).ConclusionsPeople living with noncommunicable diseases in Latin America have been seriously impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As countries re-evaluate their health systems, it is critical that chronic diseases are considered so that all can fully realize the right to health.
The Decreased Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Could Predict a Good Prognosis in Patients with Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Cohort Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Xiaojuan , Cui Jin , Li Xiaohui , Liu Chao , Sun Jujie , Yue Jinbo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Inflammation markers have an important effect on tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Oligometastatic disease (OMD) is an intermediate state between widespread metastases and locally confined disease, where curative strategies may be effective for some patients. We aimed to explore the predictive value of inflammatory markers in patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer (OMCC) and build a nomogram to predict the prognosis of these patients.Methods 209 patients with OMCC were retrospectively collected in this study. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). A Multivariate Cox analysis model was utilized to establish the nomogram. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were established to verify the validity and accuracy of the prediction model.Results According to the multivariate analysis, decreased platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) might independently improve OS in patients with OMCC (HR = 2.396, 95%CI: 1.391- 4.126, P = 0.002). Metastases of extra-regional lymph nodes indicated poor OS (HR = 2.472, 95%CI: 1.247-4.903, P = 0.010). While the patients with early N stage had better OS (HR = 4.602, 95%CI: 2.055-10.305, P = 0.001) and PFS (HR = 2.100, 95%CI: 1.364-3.231, P = 0.007). Primary tumor resection (HR = 0.367, 95%CI: 0.148-0.908, P = 0.030) and lower fibrinogen (HR = 2.254, 95%CI: 1.246-4.078, P = 0.007) could significantly prolong the OS in patients with OMCC. PLR, metastases of extra-regional lymph nodes, N stage, primary tumor resection, and fibrinogen were used to make up the nomogram. The C-index and area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC in nomogram were 0.721 and 0.772 respectively for OS, showed good consistency between predictive probability of OS and actual survival.Conclusions Decreased PLR could predict a good prognosis in patients with OMCC. The nomogram including inflammatory factors and clinicopathological markers was credible and accurate to predict survivals in patients with OMCC.
The Psychological Impact and suicidal behaviour in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, A Four Case report from Oman
Authors: maqbali Mandhar Al , Al-Huseini Salim , Eltanahy Ahmad Mohamed , Elawdy Mohamed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Mandatory quarantine during COVID-19 has disrupted normal social and economic life and many people became trapped and isolated with increasing levels of anxiety and financial difficulties. Especially for vulnerable people, COVID-19 pandemic had shown by many studies to increase the depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts. Increased suicidal attempts had been associated with the increased burden of the health and economic impacts of the pandemic.Cases Presentation: Here, we report four cases of suicidal attempts during the COVID 19 outbreak due to the lockdown and related economic difficulties. Those cases were admitted in a general hospital from the period April 2020 to June 2020.All patients were males, tested negative for corona virus and used violent methods of suicide. After receiving the appropriate treatment, all cases were discharged from hospital.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic and its economic and social impacts could result in significant consequences on vulnerable persons. As shown by many studies, Screening and early treatment are of paramount importance in preventing the mental health complications of the pandemic
Influence of dextran solution and corneal collagen crosslinking on Corneal Biomechanical Parameters Evaluated by Corvis ST
Authors: Qin Xiao , Tian Lei , Zhang Hui , Zhang Di , Guo Li-Li , Zhang Hai-Xia , Jie Ying , Li Lin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the influence of dextran solution and corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) on corneal biomechanical parameters evaluated by Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST). Materials and Methods: Forty porcine eyes were included in this study. Twenty porcine eyes were soaked in dextran solution for 30 minutes (10 eyes in 2% dextran solution and 10 eyes in 20% dextran solution). CXL treatment was performed in 10 porcine eyes, the other 10 porcine eyes were regarded as a control group. Each eye was fixed on an experimental inflation platform to carry out Corvis measurements at different IOPs. Corneal biomechanical parameters were calculated based on Corvis measurement. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the influence of dextran solution and CXL on corneal biomechanical parameters based on Corvis parameters. Results: Corneal energy absorbed area (Aabsorbed) decreased after being soaked in dextran solution under IOP of 15 mmHg; Corneal elastic modulus (E) decreased after being soaked in 2% dextran solution and increased after being soaked in 20% dextran solution; SP-A1 increased after CXL. Conclusion: Both dextran solution and CXL can change corneal biomechanical properties; SP-A1 may be used as an effective parameter for the evaluation of CXL.