bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surrogate Modeling of Thermodynamic Equilibria: Applications, Sampling and Optimization
Authors: Winz Joschka , Nentwich Corina , Engell Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractModels based on first principles are an effective way to model chemical processes. The quality of these depends critically on the accurate description of thermodynamic equilibria. This is provided by modern thermodynamic models, e.g., PC‐SAFT, but they come with a high computational cost, which makes process optimization challenging. This can be addressed by using surrogate models to approximate the equilibrium calculations. A high accuracy of the surrogate model can be achieved by carefully choosing the points at which the original function is evaluated to create data for the training of the surrogate models, called sampling. Using a case study, different approaches to sampling are discussed and evaluated with a focus on new approaches to adaptive sampling.
One‐pass streaming algorithm for monotone lattice submodular maximization subject to a cardinality constraint
Authors: Zhang Zhenning , Guo Longkun , Wang Linyang , Zou Juan 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIn the article, we devise streaming algorithms for maximization of a monotone submodular function subject to a cardinality constraint on the integer lattice. Based on the observation that lattice submodularity is not equivalent to diminishing return submodularity on the integer lattice but rather a weaker condition, we propose a one‐pass streaming algorithm with a modified binary search as subroutine of each step. Finally, we show that the algorithm is with approximation ratio , memory complexity , and per‐element query complexity .
Wire‐Arc Additive Manufacturing Using Ni1Cu Weathering Steel
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Wu Suisong , Shi Rumeng , Guo Chun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA part consisting of Ni1Cu weathering steel is prepared by wire‐arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). Micro‐ and crystalline structures of this sample are analyzed spectro‐ and microscopically. Mechanical properties of the Ni1Cu steel (including microhardness, tensile strength, and impact resistance) are also assessed. Ni1Cu weathering steel possesses excellent forming quality and almost no defects when used for WAAM. The main features of the steel microstructure are blocks and needles, consisting of ferrite and granular bainite. The microhardness values in the transverse and longitudinal directions are uniform and equal to 169 and 177 HV0.2, respectively. Ni1Cu steel also demonstrates excellent mechanical properties with the transverse yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and impact value of Charpy impact equal to 379 MPa, 517 MPa, 35.5%, and 147 J at −20 °C, respectively. The longitudinal direction values are equal to 376 MPa, 510 MPa, 31.5%, and 130 J at −20 °C, respectively. The Ni1Cu steel corrosion potential and current are equal to −719 mV and 5.8 × 10−3 mA cm−1, respectively.
Histone demethylase JMJD1C promotes the polarization of M1 macrophages to prevent glioma by upregulating miR‐302a
Authors: Zhong Chuanhong , Tao Bei , Yang Feilong , Xia Kaiguo , Yang Xiaobo , Chen Ligang , Peng Tangming , Xia Xiangguo , Li Xianglong , Peng Lilei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlioma is regarded as an aggressive lethal primary brain tumor. Jumonji domain containing 1C (JMJD1C) is a H3K9 demethylase which participates in the progression of various tumors, but its specific function and underlying mechanism in glioma development remain undefined, which is the purpose of our work. We initially assessed JMJD1C expression in glioma tissues and cells using the assays of RT‐qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, the H3K9 level at the microRNA (miR)‐302a promoter region was measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, while luciferase‐based reporter assay was performed for validation of the binding affinity between miR‐302a and methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3). The effect of METTL3 on suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) was subsequently analyzed by MeRIP‐RT‐qPCR. Finally, a xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice, followed by measurement of tumor‐associated macrophages using flow cytometry. JMJD1C was poorly expressed in glioma tissues. Furthermore, JMJD1C increased miR‐302a expression through promoting H3K9me1 demethylation at the miR‐302a promoter region. miR‐302a was identified to target METTL3, which could inhibit SOCS2 expression via m6A modification. JMJD1C promoted M1 macrophage polarization and suppressed the growth of glioma xenografts through the miR‐302a/METTL3/SOCS2 axis both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, JMJD1C could enhance M1 macrophage polarization to inhibit the onset of glioma, bringing a new insight into the contribution of JMJD1C to the pathobiology of glioma, with possible implications for targeted therapeutic method.
Glutathione peroxidase 4‐dependent glutathione high‐consumption drives acquired platinum chemoresistance in lung cancer‐derived brain metastasis
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Zhou Yang , Duan Wenzhe , Song Jing , Wei Song , Xia Shengkai , Wang Yingyan , Du Xiaohui , Li Encheng , Ren Caixia , Wang Wei , Zhan Qimin , Wang Qi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlatinum‐based chemotherapy is effective in inducing shrinkage of primary lung cancer lesions; however, it shows finite therapeutic efficacy in patients suffering from brain metastasis (BM). The intrinsic changes of BM cells, which contribute to the poor results remain unknown.MethodsPlatinum drug‐sensitivity was assessed by utilizing a preclinical BM model of PC9 lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. High consumption of glutathione (GSH) and two associated upregulated proteins (GPX4 and GSTM1) in BM were identified by integrated metabolomics and proteomics in cell lines and verified by clinical serum sample. Gain‐of‐function and rescue experiments were implemented to reveal the impact and mechanism of GPX4 and GSTM1 on the chemosensitivity in BM. The interaction between GPX4 and GSTM1 was examined by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. The mechanism of upregulation of GPX4 was further uncovered by luciferase reporter assay, immunoprecipitation, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay.ResultsThe derivative brain metastatic subpopulations (PC9‐BrMs) of parental cells PC9 developed obvious resistance to platinum. Radically altered profiles of BM metabolism and protein expression compared with primary lung cancer cells were described and GPX4 and GSTM1 were identified as being responsible for the high consumption of GSH, leading to decreased chemosensitivity by negatively regulating ferroptosis. Besides, GSTM1 was found regulated by GPX4, which was transcriptionally activated by the Wnt/NR2F2 signaling axis in BM.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings demonstrated that Wnt/NR2F2/GPX4 promoted acquired chemoresistance by suppressing ferroptosis with high consumption of GSH. GPX4 inhibitor was found to augment the anticancer effect of platinum drugs in lung cancer BM, providing novel strategies for lung cancer patients with BM.
Connectivity of communities interacts with regional heterogeneity in driving species diversity: a mesocosm experiment
Authors: Gansfort Birgit , Uthoff Jana , Traunspurger Walter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccording to metacommunity theory and previous experiments, inter‐patch dispersal rates may alter species diversity at local to regional scales. In this study, we tested the predictions of metacommunity theory regarding the effect of dispersal rates on diversity, with a focus on the impact of environmental heterogeneity. Experiments were conducted in which the dispersal frequencies of freshwater nematode communities and the heterogeneity of local environmental conditions were factorial manipulated by maintaining mesocosms under homogeneous or heterogeneous temperature regime. The effect on biodiversity of the dispersal rate, environmental heterogeneity, and the interaction thereof were evaluated using linear (mixed) models, which showed a significant interaction of the dispersal rate and environmental heterogeneity for alpha‐ and gamma‐diversity measures. Specifically, in homogeneous environments an increase in the dispersal rates led to a decline in diversity at local and regional scales. This was due to the increasing dominance ofDaptonema dubium, which was favored by a higher patch connectivity that allowed it to invade local communities. In heterogeneous environments, diversity was unaffected, suggesting that rescue and source‐sink effects did not play a role for many species, probably due to the wide temperature range. Diversity was also not impacted by high and low dispersal treatments, and the maximum change was already reached at a dispersal rate of <7% in 4 weeks. The communities were then sampled a second time to investigate the development of diversity when dispersal and thus community connectivity are suspended. After only 12 weeks of isolation, the homogenizing effect of dispersal on community disappeared. The results point to the degree of environmental heterogeneity as key factor in the metacommunity framework. They also demonstrate the need to increase experimental complexity in order to facilitate comparisons between experiments.
Feed me! China, agriculture, ecologically unequal exchange, and forest loss in a cross‐national perspective
Authors: Tasmim Samia , Sommer Jamie M. , Shandra John M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe theory and empirical research on ecologically unequal exchange finds that core nations “externalize” their environmental impacts onto semi‐peripheral and peripheral nations. However, semi‐peripheral nations like China have been investing abroad to ensure its food security, central to its industrialization. We extend previous research on ecologically unequal exchange by arguing that China's demand for specific agricultural commodities—soybeans, cattle, and palm oil—contribute to forest loss in peripheral nations that export to it. To test this hypothesis, we analyze a sample of 82 peripheral nations with ordinary least squares regression and determine that exports of soybeans, cattle, and palm oil peripheral nations to China are related to increased forest loss in peripheral nations that export to China. Toward this end, China appears to be engaging in ecologically unequal exchange to ensure access to adequate food supply to satisfy the needs of its growing population during a period of rapid industrialization. We conclude with some theoretical, methodological, and policy recommendations that follow from the results.
Optimal hybrid framework for carbon price forecasting using time series analysis and least squares support vector machine
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wu Zhibin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn an attempt to combat global warming, many countries have been introducing carbon trading schemes, which, in turn, has led to increased research interest in carbon price forecasting as accurate predictions can provide valuable decision references for governments and investors. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal hybrid forecasting framework to ensure accurate long‐term carbon price series predictions for which empirical mode decomposition (EMD) was used to decompose the original data and a novel optimal combination developed to predict each decomposed part, which involved the integration of autoregressive moving average‐type (ARMA‐type) models and least squares support vector machines (LSSVMs) optimized by 10‐fold cross validation and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The effectiveness of the optimal EMD‐ARMAs‐LSSVMs framework was then verified using an empirical example from the EU emissions trading system (EU ETS). The long‐term forecast results and comparisons with other forecasting methods demonstrated the stability and validity of the proposed framework. The results indicated that ARMA‐type models are more suitable for low frequency and trend components, and LSSVMs were more suitable for high frequency components. It was also found that the proposed optimal framework was able to effectively reduce the error accumulation.
Exploring organizational learning and experimental logistics development at the global fashion retailer H&M
Authors: Sandberg Erik , Abrahamsson Mats 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA logistics learning capability based on an experimental “test‐and‐learn” approach holds the key to unlock logistics operations as a major competitive weapon in the current landscape of retailing. The purpose of this study is to empirically explore the characteristics of such a logistics learning capability, and to describe the corresponding logistics development practices. The research is based on an action research approach conducted at the Swedish fashion retailer H&M. During a period of 18 months, data has been collected through observations, informal discussions and interviews, and findings have been refined in two major cycles. The case of H&M offers insights into real existing learning and development practices at a retail company that operates in a highly competitive and complex retail landscape, characterized in particular by its process towards improved omni‐channel practices. The findings elaborate the four logistics learning components of culture, structure, relationships, and speed. Furthermore, five of H&M's logistics development practices are described and defined as experimental logistics development. In contrast to traditional development processes in which analysis is followed by lengthy linear implementation and evaluation phases, these practices are characterized by an experimental, “test‐and‐learn” approach with short feedback loops and iterative development processes.
Raman spectroscopic and geochemical studies of primary and secondary minerals in Martian meteorite Northwest Africa 10720
Authors: Cao Haijun , Chen Jian , Fu Xiaohui , Xin Yanqing , Qi Xiaobin , Shi Erbin , Ling Zongcheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPetrological and mineralogical analyses of Northwest Africa (NWA) 10720 indicate that this meteorite is one Martian nakhlite with an unbrecciated augitic igneous cumulate texture, consisting of clinopyroxene (65.4 vol.%) and olivine (19.4 vol.%) set in a fine‐grained intercumulus matrix. Texturally and compositionally, complex primary zoning in cumulus augite and the presence of oscillatory zoning in olivine phenocrysts indicate that NWA 10720 has experienced at least two‐stage magmatic activity before the eruption. The first primary parental magmas of nakhlites generated magnesian augite cores (Mg#62). A subsequent more evolved magma partly melted and resorbed augite cumulus, facilitating that olivine crystallized and augite growth resumed simultaneously and nearly at a final stage. Secondary mineral assemblages are composed of iddingsite‐like veins (~0.2 vol.%), threadlike maghemite, hematite veins, and altered pyrrhotite. Olivine alteration veins are likely to contain a higher proportion of saponite and low abundant serpentine in terms of major elements. Their compositions (Mg# = 13.5 and Fe/Si wt = 0.83) indicate that NWA 10720 appears to have encountered a weak acidic fluid (pH ~ 3.5–4.5). The lack of siderite also supports the acidic nature of the fluid. The absence of sulfates demonstrates the following: (1) The fluid permeating downwards through this nakhlite could have depleted SO42− when it reached the parental rocks; (2) the hydrothermal fluid leaching NWA 10720 parental rocks was no longer saturated in SO42− at the extremely hydrothermal system initiated by melting of buried water ice; and (3) sulfates might have been lost during terrestrial residence. These observations reveal that NWA 10720 could have experienced separate evolutionary pathways in the shallow Martian surface with extensive liquid fractionation activities, different from secondary alteration processes of the Lafayette subgroup in an open‐system environment. Various Fe‐oxide species and high abundant hematite veins demonstrate that the oxidization and dehydration might dominate late‐stage alteration once the exhaustion of parental fluid.
Does intraoperative ciprofloxacin‐soaked gelfoam have adverse effects on graft success rate? A randomized, double‐blind controlled trial
Authors: Faramarzi Mohammad , Kazemi Tayebeh , Shishegar Mahmoud , Zargerani Omid , Faramarzi Ali , Mohammadi Tahereh , Kooreshnia Fatemeh , Aghaei Saleh , Asadi Mohammadali , Babaei Amirhossein 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether intraoperative ciprofloxacin‐soaked gelfoam is safe in tympanoplasty or not.MethodIn this randomized, double‐blind controlled clinical study, we included 100 patients between 18 and 60 years old, having perforation ≥50% of the tympanic membrane and dry ear for at least 2 months who were a candidate for underlay tympanoplasty via postauricular approach. We used ciprofloxacin soaked gelfoam in the case group and betamethasone soaked gelfoam in the control group for packing the middle ear cavity and external auditory canal during their operation. The graft success rate and tympanogram after 6 months follow‐up period was considered as the primary outcome. Also, we evaluated the postoperative hearing results 6 months after the surgery as the secondary outcomes.ResultsPostoperative microscopic otoscopy showed a graft success rate of 100% (44/44) and 97.7% (42/43) in the case and control groups, respectively. The level of improvement between the two groups was not significant for air‐bone gap (ciprofloxacin: 9.01 ± 7.89 dB, betamethasone 5.31 ± 10.53 dB, P = .160), and speech reception thresholds (SRT; ciprofloxacin: 10.23 ± 8.62 dB, betamethasone 7.33 ± 12.60 dB, P = .260). 93.2% of all the ears in the case group and 81.4% of those in the control group achieved postoperative air‐bone gap within 20 dB, but the difference between them was not significant (P = .118).ConclusionsWe found that the application of ciprofloxacin impregnated gelfoam in the middle ear, and the external auditory canal had no adverse effect on the graft success rate in tympanoplasty.Levels of evidence1b.
Fabricating Robust Constructs with Internal Phase Nanostructures via Liquid‐in‐Liquid 3D Printing
Authors: Honaryar Houman , LaNasa Jacob A. , Lloyd Elisabeth C. , Hickey Robert J. , Niroobakhsh Zahra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe ability to print soft materials into predefined architectures with programmable nanostructures and mechanical properties is a necessary requirement for creating synthetic biomaterials that mimic living tissues. However, the low viscosity of common materials and lack of required mechanical properties in the final product present an obstacle to the use of traditional additive manufacturing approaches. Here, a new liquid‐in‐liquid 3D printing approach is used to successfully fabricate constructs with internal nanostructures using in situ self‐assembly during the extrusion of an aqueous solution containing surfactant and photocurable polymer into a stabilizing polar oil bath. Subsequent photopolymerization preserves the nanostructures created due to surfactant self‐assembly at the immiscible liquid–liquid interface, which is confirmed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. Mechanical properties of the photopolymerized prints are shown to be tunable based on constituent components of the aqueous solution. The reported 3D printing approach expands the range of low‐viscosity materials that can be used in 3D printing, and enables robust constructs production with internal nanostructures and spatially defined features. The reported approach has broad applications in regenerative medicine by providing a platform to print self‐assembling biomaterials into complex tissue mimics where internal supramolecular structures and their functionality control biological processes, similar to natural extracellular matrices.
Nuclear conditions of basidiospores and hyphal cells in the edible mushroom Oudemansiella aparlosarca
Authors: Rebecca Roy , Gao Qi , Cui Yujin , Rong Chengbo , Liu Yu , Zhao Wensheng , Kumara Wasantha , Wang Shouxian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOudemansiella aparlosarca is an edible mushroom possessing medicinal and health benefits. Although there are studies on the cultivation of O. aparlosarca, only a few studies have focused on its genetics and life cycle. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify the nuclear conditions of basidiospores and homokaryotic and heterokaryotic hyphal cells and to determine the influence of different nuclear conditions on basidiospore diameter in O. aparlosarca. Two parental strains: strain‐55 and strain‐81 were used. Staining of basidiospores and hyphal cells in the apical region was performed. We observed the following nuclear conditions: non‐nucleate, mononucleate, binucleate, and multinucleate. In both parental strains, binucleate spores were predominant, while the number of non‐nucleate spores was the lowest. The diameter of non‐nucleate spores was the smallest, being 11.52 µm and 12.15 µm in parental strain‐81 and strain‐55, respectively, while multinucleate spores had the largest diameter, being 14.78 µm in both parental strains. Both homokaryotic and heterokaryotic strains were identified in isolated single spores from parental strains. Binucleate cells were majorly present in heterokaryotic hyphal cells, and multinucleate cells were predominant in homokaryotic hyphal cells. We conclude that O. aparlosarca contains homokaryotic and heterokaryotic basidiospores, which indicates an amphithallic life cycle. The observed binucleate spores might be the result of post‐meiotic mitosis.
Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Increase in Intertidal-Farmed Oysters in the Mid-Atlantic Region, but Only at Low Tide
Authors: Ben-Horin Tal , Audemard Corinne , Calvo Lisa , Reece Kimberly S. , Bushek David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Human-pathogenic marine bacteria in the genus Vibrio proliferate rapidly in shellfish tissues when exposed to warm ambient air conditions, such as during intertidal exposure. However, it remains unclear whether intertidal-cultured shellfish are inherently associated with elevated Vibrio concentrations. Here we spatially matched eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) held in subtidal and intertidal aquaculture systems at six experimental oyster farms along the mid-Atlantic coast and tested whether intertidal aquaculture elevates concentrations of V. parahaemolyticus, the predominant species associated with seafood-related gastroenteritis, as well as concentrations of V. parahaemolyticus carrying the tdh and/or trh genes associated with pathogenicity in humans. Across the sites and over time, we found only slight evidence for increasing V. parahaemolyticus concentrations with exposure to ambient air at low tide; however, tdh/trh+ V. parahaemolyticus increased about 1.5-fold. We also found that total V. parahaemolyticus concentrations and concentrations of tdh/trh+ V. parahaemolyticus did not differ between intertidal- and subtidal-cultured oysters when submerged at high tides. Any changes to V. parahaemolyticus concentrations within oyster tissues, including concentrations of tdh/trh+ V. parahaemolyticus, therefore diminish with the incoming tide. Our results collectively support the existing time-to-cooling restrictions that are in place in many state Vibrio control plans, which involve minimizing the amount of time harvested shellfish can be held prior to cooling or refrigeration, but oppose more austere measures such as restricting or prohibiting intertidal harvest entirely.