bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Types of Stroke Among People Living With HIV in the United States
Authors: Crane Heidi M. , Nance Robin M. , Avoundjian Tigran , Harding Barbara N. , Whitney Bridget M. , Chow Felicia C. , Becker Kyra J. , Marra Christina M. , Zunt Joseph R. , Ho Emily L. , Kalani Rizwan , Huffer Andrew , Burkholder Greer A. , Willig Amanda L. , Moore Richard D. , Mathews William C. , Eron Joseph J. , Napravnik Sonia , Lober William B. , Barnes Greg S. , McReynolds Justin , Feinstein Matthew J. , Heckbert Susan R. , Saag Michael S. , Kitahata Mari M. , Delaney Joseph A.C. , Tirschwell David L. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Most studies of stroke in people living with HIV (PLWH) do not use verified stroke diagnoses, are small, and/or do not differentiate stroke types and subtypes.

Setting:
CNICS, a U.S. multisite clinical cohort of PLWH in care.

Methods:
We implemented a centralized adjudication stroke protocol to identify stroke type, subtype, and precipitating conditions identified as direct causes including infection and illicit drug use in a large diverse HIV cohort.

Results:
Among 26,514 PLWH, there were 401 strokes, 75% of which were ischemic. Precipitating factors such as sepsis or same-day cocaine use were identified in 40% of ischemic strokes. Those with precipitating factors were younger, had more severe HIV disease, and fewer traditional stroke risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. Ischemic stroke subtypes included cardioembolic (20%), large vessel atherosclerosis (13%), and small vessel (24%) ischemic strokes. Individuals with small vessel strokes were older, were more likely to have a higher current CD4 cell count than those with cardioembolic strokes and had the highest mean blood pressure of the ischemic stroke subtypes.

Conclusion:
Ischemic stroke, particularly small vessel and cardioembolic subtypes, were the most common strokes among PLWH. Traditional and HIV-related risk factors differed by stroke type/subtype. Precipitating factors including infections and drug use were common. These results suggest that there may be different biological phenomena occurring among PLWH and that understanding HIV-related and traditional risk factors and in particular precipitating factors for each type/subtype may be key to understanding, and therefore preventing, strokes among PLWH.
Three Different FDG Patterns in Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia Correlated to Video Stereoelectroencephalography
Authors: Bund Caroline , Hirsch Maria Paola Valenti , Ollivier Irène , Hirsch Edouard , Namer Izzie Jacques 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A 40-year-old woman with a drug-resistant focal epilepsy underwent cerebral FDG PET in phase 1 presurgical epilepsy study. MRI essentially showed multiple periventricular nodular heterotopias. The stereoelectroencephalography coupled to MRI and FDG PET helped to define the anatomofunctional correlation of the epileptogenic zone network. This procedure brought to light 3 distinct patterns of FDG consumption, corresponding to different anatomoelectroclinical features. This pattern was already found in a previous FDG PET reflecting a “stable” permanent intralesional intercritical stereoelectroencephalography activity, an electrical “signature” of the lesion. Finally, functional imaging improved thermocoagulation in this patient and emphasized the use of FDG in drug-resistant epilepsy.
YAP1 induces invadopodia formation by transcriptionally activating TIAM1 through its enhancer in breast cancer
Authors: Shen Jie , Huang Qingwen , Feng Shengjie , Jia Weiyi , Liu Liang , Li Xiaolan , Tao Deding , Xie Daxing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractYes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), a central component of the Hippo pathway, plays an important role in tumor metastasis; however, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we reported that YAP1 could induce invadopodia formation and promote tumor metastasis in breast cancer cells. We identified that TIAM1, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is a target of YAP1-TEAD4 complex. YAP1 promotes TEAD4 binding to the enhancer region of TIAM1, which activates TIAM1 expression and subsequently increases RAC1 activity. These findings reveal the functional role of Hippo signaling in invadopodia, and provide potential molecular targets for preventing tumor metastasis in breast cancer.SignificanceThrough regulating the enhancer region of TIAM1, YAP1 induces invadopodia formation and promotes tumor metastasis in breast cancer.
The complete mitochondrial genome of a parthenogenetic antMonomorium triviale(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Idogawa Naoto , Lee Chih-Chi , Yang Chin-Cheng Scotty , Dobata Shigeto 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTMonomoriumis one of the most species-rich yet taxonomically problematic ant genus. An East Asian species,M. trivialeWheeler, W.M., 1906, are reproduced by obligate thelytokous parthenogenesis and performs strict reproductive division of labor. We sequenced theM. trivialemitogenome using next-generation sequencing methods. The circular mitogenome ofM. trivialewas 16,290 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and a single non-coding region of 568 bp. The base composition was AT-biased (82%). Gene order rearrangements were detected and likely to be unique to the genusMonomorium. We announce theM. trivialemitogenome as additional genomic resources for elucidating phylogenetic and taxonomic problems ofMonomoriumand comparative genomics of parthenogenetic ant species.
Identification ofin vivoCFTR conformations during biogenesis and upon misfolding by covalent protein painting (CPP)
Authors: Pankow Sandra , Bamberger Casimir , Martínez-Bartolomé Salvador , Park Sung-Kyu , Yates John R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn vivocharacterization of protein structures or protein structural changes after perturbation is a major challenge. Therefore, experiments to characterize protein structures are typically performedin vitroand with highly purified proteins or protein complexes. Using a novel low-resolution method named Covalent Protein Painting (CPP) that allows the characterization of protein conformationsin vivo, we are the first to report how an ion channel, the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR), is conformationally changed during biogenesis and channel opening in the cell. Our study led to the identification of a novel opening mechanism for CFTR by revealing that the interaction of the intracellular loop 2 (ICL2) with the nucleotide binding domain 2 (NDB2) of CFTR is needed for channel gating, and this interaction occurs concomitantly with changes to the narrow part of the pore and the walker A lysine in NBD1. However, the ICL2:NBD2 interface, which forms a “ball-in-a-socket” motif, is uncoupled during biogenesis, likely to prevent inadvertent channel activation during transport. In particular, solvent accessibility of lysine 273 (K273) in ICL2 changes with the opening and closing of the channel. Mutation of K273 severely impaired CFTR biogenesis and led to accumulation of CFTR in the Golgi and TGN. CPP further revealed that, even upon treatment with current approved drugs or at permissive temperature, the uncoupled state of ICL2 is a prominent feature of the misfolded CFTR mutants ΔF508 and N1303K that cause Cystic Fibrosis (CF), which suggests that stabilization of this interface could produce a more efficient CF drug. CPP is able to characterize a protein in its native environment and measure the effect of complex PTMs and protein interactions on protein structure, making it broadly applicable and invaluable for the development of new therapies.
Urequinona, a molecule from the root ofPentalinon andrieuxiiMuell-Arg healsLeishmania mexicanaear’s infection in mice: This plant is widely used by the Mayan traditional medicine
Authors: Isaac-Márquez AP , Lezama-Dávila CM 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work we tested both thein vitroandin vivoanti-Leishmania mexicanaactivity of a molecule we originally identified in the root ofPentalinon andrieuxiiMuell-Arg, a plant that is widely used in Mayan traditional medicine. The chemical name of this molecule is 24-methylcholesta-4-24(28)-dien-3-one and for simplicity we assigned the short and trivial name of urequinona that will be used throughout this work. It induces necrosis and apoptosis of promastigotes culturedin vitroand extensive ultrastructural damage of both promastigotes and amastigotes. It also induces production of Interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ by splenic cells from infected and urequinona treated mice stimulatedin vitrowith parasite antigen (Ag) but inhibits production of IL-6 and IL-12p70 by bone marrow derived macrophages (BMM) infectedin vitroand then treated with urequinona. It also induces activation of transcription factors such as NFkB and AP-1 (NFkB/AP-1) in RAW reporter cells. We also developed a novel pharmaceutical preparation of urequinona encapsulated in hydroxyethyl cellulose for dermal application that significantly reduced experimentally induced ear′s lesions of C57BL/6 mice. We conclude the preparation containing this molecule is a good candidate for a novel anti-leishmanial drug′s preparation.
Study on Changes in Tourism Land and Influence Factors in Mountain Areas: A Case Study of Luanchuan County, China
Authors: Xie Yanna , Zhu Qingxiao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of the tourism industry in mountain areas has resulted in intense changes in land use structure and exerts a strong influence on terrestrial ecosystems. This paper takes Luanchuan County (typical mountainous terrain in western Henan Province, China) as an example and employs land use data from different times and spaces and the binary logistic method to study tourism land spatial variation and influence factors in mountain areas. The research shows that: (1) spatial variation in land use in scenic spots reveals a chain reaction of land use type transformation caused by construction land expansion, a key driving force of spatial variation in land use and land use type transformation, and (2) the changes in tourism land use types result from human utilization and development of land for economic benefits. The key influence factors of spatial variation in land use are altitude; gradient; and the distance to rivers, highways and villages. (3) A plan of tourism land management and control should be established with construction land as the key indicator.
Analysis of coding variants in the human FTO gene from the ExAC (gnomAD) Database
Authors: Ferreira Souza Mauro Lúcio , de Sousa Jaime Viana , Guerreiro João Farias 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the first intron of the FTO gene (alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase) identified by a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 2007 continue to be the known variants with the greatest effect on adiposity in different human populations. Currently available data reveal a total of 61 different intronic SNPs associated with adiposity. Coding variants in the FTO gene, on the other hand, have been little explored, but data from complete sequencing of the exomes of various populations are available in public databases and provide an excellent opportunity to investigate potential functional variants in FTO. This study aimed to track nonsynonymous variants in the exons of the FTO gene in different population groups using the ExAC database (gnomAD) (http://exac.broadinstitute.org/) and to analyze the potential functional impact of these variants on the FTO protein. Variants were analyzed using five publicly available pathogenicity prediction programs. Of the 158 mutations identified (152 missense and 6 stop-gain), 64 (40.5%) were classified as pathogenic, 67 (42.4%) were classified as benign, and 27 (17%) were classified as inconclusive. Thirty variants were classified as pathogenic by all five predictors used in this study, and 16 mutations were classified as pathogenic by only one predictor. The largest number of mutations was found in Europeans (non-Finnish) (85/158), all with very low frequencies, and half (32/64) of the variants classified as pathogenic by the five predictors used were also found in this population. The data obtained in this analysis show that a large number of rare coding variants classified as pathogenic or potentially pathogenic by different in silico pathogenicity prediction programs are not detected by GWAS due to the low linkage disequilibrium as well as the limitations of GWAS in capturing rare variants present in less than 1.0% of the population.
The landscape of accessible chromatin in quiescent and post-myocardial infarction cardiac fibroblasts
Authors: Li Chaoyang , Sun Jiangwen , Liu Qianglin , Dodlapati Sanjeeva , Ming Hao , Wang Leshan , Li Yuxia , Li Rui , Jiang Zongliang , Francis Joseph , Fu Xing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAfter myocardial infarction, quiescent cardiac fibroblasts are activated and undergo multiple proliferation and differentiation events, which contribute to the extracellular matrix remodeling of the infarcted myocardium. We recently found that cardiac fibroblasts of different differentiation states had distinct expression profiles closely related to their functions. Gene expression is directly regulated by chromatin state. However, the role of chromatin reorganization in the drastic gene expression changes during post-MI differentiation of cardiac fibroblast has not been revealed. In this study, the gene expression profiling and genome-wide mapping of accessible chromatin in mouse cardiac fibroblasts isolated from uninjured hearts and the infarcts at different time points were performed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), respectively. ATAC-seq peaks were highly enriched in the promoter area and distal areas where enhancers might be located. A positive correlation was identified between the transcription level and promoter accessibility for many dynamically expressed genes. In addition, it was found that DNA methylation may contribute to the post-MI chromatin remodeling and gene expression in cardiac fibroblasts. Integrated analysis of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq datasets also identified transcription factors that possibly contributed to the differential gene expression between cardiac fibroblasts of different states.
Inclusion and employee engagement of nonfamily employees in family firms: moderating influence of procedural justice
Authors: Razzak Mohammad Rezaur , Khan Golam Mostafa , AlAbri Salem 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis study investigates the influence of inclusion of nonfamily employees in family firms on their intellectual, social and affective engagement at the workplace. Furthermore, the framework proposed in the study considers the possible moderating influence of procedural justice in the above relationships.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual framework is developed with the support of the self-determination theory (SDT) and the social exchange theory. The study tests a set of hypotheses using survey data from 654 nonfamily employees working in private family firms in Malaysia.FindingsThe results reveal that inclusion has a positive and significant relationship with intellectual, social and affective engagement. While procedural justice moderates the association between inclusion and intellectual and affective engagement, it does not moderate the relationship between inclusion and social engagement.Research limitations/implicationsThe outcome of this study presents a nuanced understanding on how perceptions of inclusion of nonfamily employees by the dominant work group (DWG) (i.e. employees related to the firm owners) lead to positive firm-centric behavior among nonfamily employees.Practical implicationsThe study provides clues to family firm managers for creating a work environment where nonfamily employees perceive a sense of belongingness while their uniqueness is appreciated in order to be more engaged at the workplace.Social implicationsLittle is known about how diversity created within family firms by inclusion of nonfamily employees impacts organizations. The outcome of this study may reinforce the positive effects of inclusiveness in any social context.Originality/valueDiversity researchers have studied the influence of inclusion in areas related to sociology and psychology. However, there appears to be a dearth of studies in terms of how nonfamily employees would behave in family firms when they perceive a sense of inclusion in an organization dominated by employees who are related to the owners of the firm. Hence, this study appears to shed new light on how inclusion of nonfamily employees in family firms influences their behavior.
Media students using mobile phones in the Arabian Gulf to improve English writing and video production skills
Authors: AlSaied Najat , Akhtar Fokiya 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
A variety of alternate technology-enhanced teaching approaches are now available to university students to broaden their learning experiences and complement conventional face-to-face teaching. This paper aims to outline a study conducted at an English Medium Instruction (EMI) University in the Arabian Gulf where students were studying media. The study explored an innovative teaching approach that sought to enhance the students’ interaction with mobile phone applications as part of their learning experiences during the course.

Design/methodology/approach
The focus of the study was on enhancing the students’ English writing skills such as vocabulary, spelling and grammar and on improving their technical skills such as in video production. The study collected both quantitative and qualitative data.

Findings
The results indicated that mobile phone applications were helpful in improving students’ journalistic writing skills where they had a good level of proficiency in English, more so than students with poor English who are more dependent on traditional learning methods. Students also benefitted from mobile phone video production workshops that were intensive and creative. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that courses and labs in media courses have skilled technicians that can train students in creative mobile phone video production while faculty members need to be trained and proactively encouraged to use mobile phones for teaching and learning purposes.

Originality/value
wBased on the results of this study, it is recommended that courses and labs in media courses have skilled technicians that can train students in creative mobile phone video production while faculty members need to be trained and proactively encouraged to use mobile phones for teaching and learning purposes.
Reactions to affirmative action policies in hiring: Effects of framing and beneficiary gender
Authors: Sinclair Samantha , Carlsson Rickard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAffirmative action policies aim to reduce gaps between social groups, yet they are often perceived negatively. The present research examined reactions to an organization's preferential treatment policy based on gender, focusing on whether positive versus negative framing of the scenario and gender of the beneficiary matter for these reactions. The results of two preregistered experiments conducted in Sweden (N = 556) did not provide support for the hypothesis that framing the affirmative action scenario as adding minority women compared to framing it as rejecting majority men would produce more favorable perceptions and reduced feelings of resentment. Moreover, we found no support for the hypothesis that the effects of framing would be weaker in the case of male beneficiaries compared to female beneficiaries. However, we found clear support for the hypothesis that the policy was perceived more favorably when the beneficiary was female rather than male. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Integrated molecular modeling techniques to reveal selective mechanisms of inhibitors to PI3Kδ with marketed Idelalisib
Authors: Zhu Jingyu , Jia Lei , Jiang Yingmin , Yu Qianqian , Xu Lei , Cai Yanfei , Chen Yun , Li Huazhong , Gang Huang , Liang Wenqing , Jin Jian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPhosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K) is important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and the diverse physiological roles of different PI3K isoforms have highlighted the significance of the development of PI3Kδ inhibitors. A large number of PI3Kδ inhibitors have been reported after the FDA approval of Idelalisib, but the clinical use of Idelalisib was limited because of its serious side effects. Therefore, great efforts have been made on the development of PI3Kδ inhibitors with higher selectivity and lower toxicity, but there is no new PI3Kδ inhibitor coming into the market so far. Even so, as the first listed PI3K inhibitor, Idelalisib could be used as an effective tool to investigate the selective inhibition mechanism of PI3Kδ. Thus, in this study, a modeling strategy integrated 3D‐QSAR, pharmacophore model, and molecular dynamics simulation was employed to reveal the key chemical characteristics of Idelalisib analogs and the binding pattern between the inhibitors and PI3Kδ. First, the CoMFA model with high statistical significance was built to reveal the general structure–activity relationships. And then, a reliable pharmacophore model with a robust discrimination capability was constructed to expound the main chemical characteristics of the PI3Kδ inhibitors. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation was conducted to explore the binding modes and some key residues refer to δ‐selective binding were highlighted with binding‐free energy calculation. In summary, these models and results would provide some effective help for the discovery or the rational design of novel PI3Kδ inhibitors.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Repaired Cleft Palate with Use of a Two‐Part Hinged Magnet Retained Removable Prosthesis
Authors: Krezel John Daniel , Friel Tim , Waia Sarah , Clark Paul , Taylor Philip Duncan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe presence of a cleft lip and palate is associated with a number of complications and the oral rehabilitation for the improvement of speech, function and esthetics can involve conventional and surgical orthodontics, distraction osteogenesis, fixed and removable prosthodontics, providing obturation of open defects if required. This clinical report describes the prosthodontic management of a patient with a repaired cleft lip and palate with significant maxillary hypoplasia and primary concern of aesthetics with the use of a two‐part hinged magnet retained removable prosthesis.
The impact of aquaculture field school on the shrimp and milkfish yield and income of farmers in Demak, Central Java
Authors: Widowati Lestari L. , Ariyati Restiana W. , Rejeki Sri , Bosma Roel H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTraditional farmers of milkfish and shrimp use 80% of Indonesia's shrimp production area, but produce only 10% of its shrimp. A coastal protection project funded a 16‐day aquaculture field school (AFS) in order to train 277 farmers in Low External Input Sustainable Aquaculture (LEISA). Its cost was 1,060 USD per farmer. In 2017 and 2018, the project monitoring database completed records of yields and practices of 125 participants and monitored finances and water quality in a 10% sample. LEISA was adopted by 85% of the 125 participants. The two annual datasets of the sample were merged and trimmed from three outliers; this was done before statistical analysis. Compared to the baseline, LEISA adopters among the 125 tripled their shrimp' yields. Within the sample, the milkfish yields of adopters and non‐adopters were about identical. Sampled adopters significantly increased their gross margin by 927 USD ha−1 year−1 due to three‐ and fivefold yield increases for milkfish and shrimp compared to that of the baseline. The rate of return was 1.3 for the 277 participants and 1.8 for the sample, indicating a payback time of <1 year. Enriching the farmers' skills with AFS can double Indonesian milkfish production and increase its shrimp production by 25–50%.