bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of hand, elbow and shoulder actual and imagined trajectories in 3D space using EEG current source dipoles
Authors: Sosnik Ronen , Zheng Li 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective. Growing evidence suggests that electroencephalography (EEG) electrode (sensor) potential time series (PTS) of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) hold motor neural correlates that can be used for motion trajectory prediction, commonly by multiple linear regression (mLR). It is not yet known whether arm-joint trajectories can be reliably decoded from current sources, computed from sensor data, from which brain areas they can be decoded and using which neural features. Approach. In this study, the PTS of 44 sensors were fed into sLORETA source localization software to compute current source activity in 30 regions of interest (ROIs) found in a recent meta-analysis to be engaged in action execution, motor imagery and motor preparation. The current sources PTS and band-power time series (BTS) in several frequency bands and time lags were used to predict actual and imagined trajectories in 3D space of the three velocity components of the hand, elbow and shoulder of nine subjects using an mLR model. Main results. For all arm joints and movement types, current source SCPs PTS contributed most to trajectory reconstruction with time lags 150, 116 and 84 ms providing the highest contribution, and current source BTS in any of the tested frequency bands was not informative. Person’s correlation coefficient (r) averaged across movement types, arm joints and velocity components using source data was slightly lower than using sensor data (r = 0.25 and r = 0.28, respectively). For each ROI, the three current source dipoles had different contribution to the reconstruction of each of the three velocity components. Significance. Overall, our results demonstrate the feasibility of predicting of actual and imagined 3D trajectories of all arm joints from current sources, computed from scalp EEG. These findings may be used by developers of a future BCI as a validated set of contributing ROIs.
Prototype of Temperature Monitoring System for BTS Shelter using Android Smartphone
Authors: Rahayu Siti Utari , Lubis Naufal Nabawi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the problems with telecommunication devices inside the BTS shelter is the fluctuated heat and voltage, which can cause damage to the device, resulting in disruption of communication between the receiver and the transmitter. This study aimed to design a prototype of temperature monitoring system for BTS shelter using Android smartphone, so that the temperature inside the BTS shelter remains controlled in accordance with the standard temperature. The prototype system uses a chamber with the size of 37.5 cm x 25 cm x 22.5 cm as a simulation of the BTS shelter. The temperature sensor used to detect the temperature inside the chamber is LM35. The cooling system employed in this prototype consists of a mini fan to circulate the cool air generated from ice cubes. The normal temperature of telecommunication device is defined to be in the range of 22°C to 36°C. The temperature inside the chamber is displayed in Arduino Bluetooth LM35, which is available on Android smartphones. If the temperature of the chamber exceeds the defined temperature, the cooling system will be active, and when the temperature of the chamber has returned to its normal state, the cooling system will switch off automatically. Based on the results of the temperature detection calibration with Elitech Digital Thermometer, the average %error was 6.9%. This indicates that the design of this prototype should be customized for larger scale.
Design and construction of an electrical furnace chamber based on RERIH system for high temperature
Authors: Ritonga Winsyahputra , Harahap Mukti Hamjah , Putra Stevano F. Y , Rajagukguk Juniastel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the important parts of an electric furnace is the combustion chamber which is used to heat or melt materials. The chamber system which is based on the refractory, element, Rockwool, insulator, and Hebel (RERIH) has been successfully designed to reach high temperatures up to 1200°C. The refractory layer is designed from a mixture of trimortar cement and water. To obtain one side of the refractory, the composition of trimortar cement used is 2 kg mixed with 1 liter of water. The number of refractory sides needed for the electric furnace chamber is six sides, each of which is placed on the front, back, top, bottom, left side, and right side. To retain heat in the chamber, the refractory is covered with heat-resistant ceramic fibers (Rockwool). The Rockwool used has a density of 160 Kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity of 0.23 W / m.K. The maximum temperature that this Rockwool can withstand is 1260°C. The third layer as a heat barrier in the chamber is an insulator, which is a lightweight brick block made of a mixture of alumina. This refractory thermal insulation brick contains more than 48% alumina oxide so it has lower thermal conductivity and better heat insulation qualities. Meanwhile, the last layer is the placement of Hebel or light cement blocks made from lime which is usually used for building walls. This Hebel has dimensions (w x w x h) of 600 x 200 x 100 mm3.
Quality Analysis of Repeated Frying of Bulked Palm Oil on Red Potato using a Deep Fryer
Authors: Damanik Marini , Khairani Indah , Harahap Fitriani 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The repeated use of cooking oil will cause the oil to be damaged by oxidation during the frying process. Thus, it is not good for health if it is continuously consumed. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality standard of cooking oil that was used repeatedly by testing the amount of peroxide, free fatty acids, and water content within the SNI 01-3741-2013 limits. The research was carried out 25 times of frying, at a temperature of 180°C, and a time of 7.5 minutes on red potatoes using a deep fryer. The result of the peroxide number test before frying was 5.24 mek O2/kg, and there was damage in the 11th frying pan with a value of 10.99 mek O2/kg. While the free fatty acids before frying are 0.16 mg KOH/g. and there was damage to the 19th pan, namely 0.64 mg KOH/g. the water content before frying is 0.14% b/b and the first cooking oil has met the SNI standard, namely 0.15% b/b. So it is known that the more frequent frying is done, the quality of cooking oil will decrease and will be carcinogenic.
The Effectiveness of Online Supported Learning in High School Students on Invertebrate Topics
Authors: Wisnu Brata Wasis Wuyung , Arsila Putri 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the magnitude of the feasibility of the implementation of learning supported by online learning towards students’ outcomes in invertebrate material in grade 10 SMA Negeri 10 Medan TP 2019/2020. The method used in this study is an experimental study using the form of One Group Pretest Post Test that is giving treatment to one group and then observing the results. Treatment (treatment) as an independent variable and the result as a dependent variable. This design is used to examine a group by giving one treatment and measuring it once without the comparison group. The sample used was grade 10 students of SMA Negeri 10 Medan. Data collection techniques using questions and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is N-Gain Analysis. This research is beneficial for schools and teachers to choose the right learning innovation for biology learning in high school and the implementation of learning supported by e-learning. And as a preliminary data or reference for biology education program students if they want to carry out further research on this matter. The results of the study show that the n-gain calculation test is 0.64, which means that learning outcomes have increased in the medium category. Thus it can be said that learning using e-learning can be said to be effective and helpful in improving student learning outcomes.
Increased Stability of Styrax benzoin Extract and Fraction with the Addition of Cosolvents
Authors: Susanti Nora , Purba Jamalum , Simatupang Dedi P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The gum resin of S. benzoin is a very important commodity in the world of industrialization and really needs the attention of the frankincense farmers. This is based on the many benefits of the plants which are only limited to livelihoods. The purpose of the research are to know the results of increasing the stability of the gum styrax benzoin with the addition of cosolvents. The identification of the components of secondary metabolites using phytochemical screening. The methodology of the research is maceration the gum styrax benzoin ash with Etanol solvent until all samples are immersed and carried out in a glass bottle for three days. The research was continued with identification of the components of secondary metabolites using phytochemical screening. The findings of the research is analysis using phytochemical screening shows the secondary metabolites styrax benzoin such as alkaloids, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and terpenoid. The limitations of the research is focuses on 3 variations in the Cosolvent of propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and triethanolamine. The reserch have value specifically the gum styrax benzoin is used as the solubility of several pharmaceutical compunds.
The Development of Online Physics Test System at SMA CT Foundation Medan
Authors: Tanjung Yul Ifda , Wulandari Dewi , Bakar Abu , Ramadhani Irham 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe objective of this research is to design and develop the online physics test system which is conducted at SMA CT Foundation Medan. This research is a part of Research and Development (R&D) which accommodates Van de Akker method in the development stages. The subject of this research is class XII consisting of 48 students who interest in natural sciences majors. This research consists of four stages namely: preliminary research; prototyping; summative evaluation and reflection stages. This research instrument consists of validation instruments and tests. The results of this research are: i) the online test system product is feasible to use because it fills the standard of system eligibility indicators including content, interface, navigation, configuration, and security with the percentage of 86,60% which is in a decent category; ii) the product also satisfy the media feasibility standard including correctness, reliability, integrity, and usability with the percentage 81.30% which is in a good category; iii) the results of student response testing including indicators of correctness, reliability, integrity, usability, and usefulness give percentage 86,90% which is a very good category. Thus, this online test system can be used to as a medium to measure students’ abilities in physics subjects.
The Study of Stability and Structure of the Interaction Between β-Carotene Compounds with Methanol, Ethanol, Acetone, Chloroform, Carbon Tetrachloride, Cyclohexane, and N-Hexane using the Hartree-Fock and the Density Functional Theory Method
Authors: Nugraha Asep Wahyu , Muchtar Zainuddin , Jahro Iis Siti , Sutiani Ani , Nasution Haqqi Annazili , Ivansyah Atthar Luqman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the stability and structure on the interaction between β-carotene compounds with methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, and n-hexane compounds. This research is a molecular modeling using computational chemistry calculations with the function/basis set RHF/3-21G and B3LYP/3-21G. The computational chemistry calculations used Gaussian 09 Revision D 01 and visualization used the Jmol and Avogadro software. The data obtained from computational chemistry calculations with the function/basis set RHF/3-21G on the interaction between β-carotene -methanol compounds are ΔE = -11.899 kJ / mol, β-carotene -ethanol ΔE = -12.256 kJ/mol, β-carotene -acetone ΔE = -9.276 kJ/mol, β-carotene -chloroform ΔE = 5.262 kJ/mol, β-carotene -carbon tetrachloride ΔE = 3.747 kJ/mol, β-carotene-cyclohexane ΔE = 2.691 kJ/mol, β-carotene-n-hexane ΔE = 6.453 kJ/mol. The data obtained with the function/basis set B3LYP/3-21G on the interaction between β-carotene-methanol compounds are ΔE = -24.588 kJ/mol, β-carotene -ethanol ΔE = -25.123 kJ/mol, β-carotene -acetone ΔE = -18.140 kJ/mol, β-carotene -chloroform ΔE = 2.255kJ/mol, β-carotene -carbon tetrachloride ΔE = -1.187 kJ/mol, β-carotene-cyclohexane ΔE = -0.801 kJ/mol, β-carotene -hexane ΔE = -0.412 kJ/mol. Based on the analysis of thermodynamic data from computational chemistry calculations with the function / basis set UHF/3-21G and B3LYP/3-21G, it was found that β-carotene-ethanol and β-carotene-methanol mixtures had very stable mixtures.
High Order Thinking Skills: Can It Increase by using Realistic Mathematics Education?
Authors: Hilmi I , Dewi I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to know (1) mathematics learning by realistic mathematics education which increase students’s high order thinking skills, (2) the increasing student’s high order thinking skills by using realistic mathematics education. This research used classroom action research as the method which consists of four stages: planning, action, observing, and reflection. This classroom action research was conducted in one of the senior high school in Tanjung Morawa, Indonesia. The result of this research indicate that realistic mathematics education can increase students’ high order thinking skills. The increasing of students’ high order thinking skill can be seen by the mean of score in cycle I which is 61,94 and 86,39 in cycle II. The increasing is also seen in classical completeness in cycle I which is 33,33% and 86,66% in cycle II. The N-Gain in cycle I is 0,42 in medium category and 0,70 for cycle II in high category.
Comparison of Extraction Techniques for the Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soil
Authors: Erawaty Silalahi Ester Tio Minar , Anita Sofia , Teruna Hilwan Y. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development of a simple method for the extraction and determination polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soil by applying the clean-up, and pre concentration technique has been validated with limits of detection and limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery and others factor. The implemented techniques were Soxhlet, ultrasonication and mechanical shaking and followed by solid phase extraction C-18 (SPE) to clean up and pre-concentrated was investigated. The results were compared to determine the method with the highest extraction efficiency. Chromatographic conditions for the separation of PAHs using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using Ultraviolet – Diode Array Detector (UV-DAD) were also optimised. Analysis of standard spiked soil blank resulted in recoveries 70 – 107% for ultrasonic, 55 – 110% for mechanical shaker and 57 – 99% for Soxhlet.
Spectroscopic Properties and Judd-Ofelt Analysis of Eu3+ doped Ba-Na-B Glasses for Photonic Applications
Authors: Luewarasirikul N , Kaewkhao J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, barium sodium borate glasses doped with europium ions were fabricated by melt-quenching technique with the compositions of 10BaO:25Na2O:(65-x)B2O3:xEu2O3(where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol%). The density, molar volume and refractive index were carried out at room temperature. The densities of the Eu3+-doped glass samples are around 2.6663 to 2.7850 g/cm3, the molar volumes are around 28.5337 to 29.3455 cm3/mol and the refractive indexes are around 1.5379 to 1.5624. The absorption spectra, recorded in the UV-Vis-NIR region from 350 to 2500 nm, showed the highest peak at 393 nm (corresponding to the 7F0→5L6 transition) in Vis region. The emission spectra, observed with 394 nm excitation wavelength, showed the peaks centered at 590, 613, 652 and 700 nm (corresponding to the 5D0→7F1, 7F2, 7F3 and 7F4 transitions, respectively). The luminescence lifetimes were found to be 1.948, 1.938, 1.924, 1.913 and 1.901 ms for 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol% of Eu2O3 doped in the glass samples, respectively. The color coordinates of the emitted light for all glass samples were found to be (0.65, 0.35) in the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram (located in reddish orange region). The emission spectra showed that the glass with 1.5 mol% of Eu2O3 provided the highest peak for all glass samples because of the concentration quenching effect. Judd-Ofelt analysis was also employed in this work to investigate the radiative properties of the glass samples.
Prediction of Covid-19 Infection in Indonesia Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Zakiyyah H , Suyanto S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Currently, the world is experiencing a prolonged pandemic known as Covid-19. Many prediction models of Covid-19 have been developed by the governments to make the right decisions to control the outbreak. In Indonesia, there is also much research on the prediction of Covid-19 using machine learning methods, which provide the statistics to predict the total cases, the total deaths, the peak and the end of the pandemic. This paper investigates three prediction models: Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree (DT) in predicting total cases and total deaths of Covid-19 in Indonesia. First, a preprocessing is applied to change the string data to the numerical dataset using a label encoder. Second, the models are trained using the Covid-19 Indonesia Time Series All Dataset (CITSAD) with 90% and 10% train/test split. The three models are then investigated to predict new cases and new deaths. The evaluation using the CITSAD of ten provinces in Indonesia shows that DT gives the highest accuracy of 93% and provides the fastest processing time of 48.4 seconds.
Recognizing Five Major Dialects in Indonesia Based on MFCC and DRNN
Authors: Tawaqal B , Suyanto S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dialect is a variation of the language used by a group of people, sometimes in a particular region. It plays an essential role in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In general, an ASR gives high accuracy for a dialect-specific case, but it obtains a low accuracy for the multi-dialect application, such as for the Indonesian language that has hundreds of dialects. In this research, a system to recognize various dialects in Indonesia is developed. First, an utterance is preprocessed using both normalization and framing. Second, its features are then extracted using the Mel frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCC), which is one of the feature extraction methods for the best acoustic signals. Finally, a deep recurrent neural network (DRNN) is used to learn and classify dialect characteristics. Evaluation of the dataset of five major dialects in Indonesia shows that the greater the Epoch and Bath Size, the greater the accuracy produced by the DRNN. However, accuracy is not directly proportional to the value of both parameters. The Epoch of 30 and Batch Size of 30 are the optimum parameters that yield the highest accuracy of 87.0% for the training set. Evaluation of the testing set shows that it gives an accuracy of 85.4% for the unseen dialects.
Prediction Modelling of COVID-19 on Provinces in Indonesia using Long Short-Term Memory Machine Learning
Authors: Wibowo F W , Wihayati  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 is a dangerous virus that has been declared by the world health organization (WHO) as a pandemic. Many countries have taken policies to control the virus’s spread and have played an active role in overcoming this global pandemic, including Indonesia. Indonesia consists of many islands, so the level of distribution varies. Although the mortality rate is shallow than the cure rate, this virus’s spread must be controlled. This paper aims to model the prediction of infected cases, cases of recovery from COVID-19, and mortality for each province in Indonesia using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) machine learning method. The results of the model evaluation of this method used the root mean squared error (RMSE) approach.
Comparison of Classification Performance Based on Dynamic Mining of User Interest Navigation Pattern in e-Commerce Websites
Authors: Diwandari S , Hidayat A T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of e-commerce in companies or other types of business has supported them to develop and correspondingly cope with business pressures of high levels of competition. More consumer information can be gathered based on the interactive nature of e-commerce technology. In an e-commerce competition, all information relating to consumer behavior, such as the knowledge of the visitor interests in a product marketed by e-commerce, is of value to e-commerce players. Users can use the Web Usage Mining techniques to explore these interests. This study aimed to compare three classification algorithms by using the dynamic mining approach of user interest navigation pattern. The results of the study showed that the Decision Tree Classifier performed optimally in both the unbalanced data and independent or dependent data models.
Profile Matching Algorithm in Determining the Position of Colleagues
Authors: Sugiarto I , Diyasa G S M , Idhom M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The selection of a colleague or business is a process that must be thoroughly detailed, this will affect the development of a company. A decision support system is a solution to shorten a leader or staff in the cooperation section, where a company has several categories to be applied to the decision support system. The Profile Matching algorithm is an algorithm that is applied to build a system that can help provide a choice of potential partners or colleagues / business partners in certain companies, this profile matching algorithm requires many variables to be able to calculate the proposed output from the ranking value later. There are Core Factors and Secondary Factors, in the case of this discussion there are 3 prospective partners who are calculated for this profile matching algorithm. The distribution of variable data entered into the Profile Matching Algorithm, there are 8 categories, there is 4 categories included Core Factor and 4 categories included in the Secondary Factor, more then results of the GAP calculation show that the ranking value gets a maximum value of 4 (Partner 3), sequence No.2 is M1 and the last one M2 with each GAP value is 3.5.
Kotak Edu: An Educational Augmented Reality Game for Early Childhood
Authors: Chrisna V , Leonardo  , Satria T G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Games are a part of children’s development, but there are still a few developers who make games for early childhood ages. The purpose of this research is to create an educational game for early childhood age in order to enhance early childhood knowledge of animal shape and literacy in a relaxed and fun way with augmented reality features. This augmented reality game purpose is media for parents to teach their children while playing. The Scrum method is used in developing this game. The evaluation of this experiment was been done using testing and survey with 30 parents using game experience questionnaire (GEQ) and comparison to similar game. The survey result show that this game is suitable for the parents and childhood children and compared to others game, Kotak Edu had augmented reality as advantage.