bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of 28-day readmissions among stroke patients in Malaysia (2008–2015): Trends, causes and its associated factors
Authors: Ang Swee Hung , Hwong Wen Yea , Bots Michiel L. , Sivasampu Sheamini , Abdul Aziz Aznida Firzah , Hoo Fan Kee , Vaartjes Ilonca 
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives
Risk of readmissions is an important quality indicator for stroke care. Such information is limited among low- and middle-income countries. We assessed the trends for 28-day readmissions after a stroke in Malaysia from 2008 to 2015 and evaluated the causes and factors associated with readmissions in 2015.

Methods
Using the national hospital admission records database, we included all stroke patients who were discharged alive between 2008 and 2015 for this secondary data analysis. The risk of readmissions was described in proportion and trends. Reasons were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with readmissions.

Results
Among 151729 patients, 11 to 13% were readmitted within 28 days post-discharge from their stroke events each year. The trend was constant for ischemic stroke but decreasing for hemorrhagic stroke. The leading causes for readmissions were recurrent stroke (32.1%), pneumonia (13.0%) and sepsis (4.8%). The risk of 28-day readmission was higher among those with stroke of hemorrhagic (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.52) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (AOR: 2.56) subtypes, and length of index admission >3 days (AOR: 1.48), but lower among younger age groups of 35–64 (AORs: 0.61–0.75), p values <0.001.

Conclusion
The risk of 28-day readmission remained constant from 2008 to 2015, where one in eight stroke patients required readmission, mainly attributable to preventable causes. Age, ethnicity, stroke subtypes and duration of the index admission influenced the risk of readmission. Efforts should focus on minimizing potentially preventable admissions, especially among those at higher risk.
ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXPERIENCE OF THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA IN CREATING MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE OF THE ALTAI REGION
Authors: Mischenko V.V. , Lyakisheva V.G. , Yudina V.V. 
Published: January 2021

The topic of improving the system of state and municipal administration is always relevant. In 2020, the importance of reforming local self-government was emphasized during the discussion of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Among the numerous changes regularly introduced to the basic federal law governing the organization of local self-government in Russia are the radical amendments of May 2014 and 2019 in terms of its territorial foundations. A number of regions have quite successfully switched to a single-tier system of local self-government, having completely eliminated the settlement level, or to a mixed one, when municipal districts with their rural settlements remain within the boundaries of the region, and as a result of the transformations of a number of districts and settlements, new municipal districts are created, or this occurs when urban districts are given the status of municipal ones.
The authors made an attempt to systematize the experience of the regions that have already created municipal districts, and to project it onto the territory of the Altai Territory. In the course of the study, a number of legal, organizational, socio-economic aspects of the reform were analyzed, recommendations were developed to adapt both the authorities and the population to the upcoming transformations.
THE HIERARCHY OF MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AS A TOOL FOR INCREASING THE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF REGIONS
Authors: Babkina L.N. , Skotarenko О.V. 
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the construction of a hierarchy of twelve groups of goals implemented in regional systems of state investment management and, focused on the implementation of the strategic goal — to increase the level of investment attractiveness of regions.
The results of the analysis showed that: in nine groups of goals out of the twelve studied, methodological approaches were applied and the required rules for building a hierarchy of goals were observed; fragments of the target orientation model of the public investment management system in the region can be considered only two groups of goals, which contain three levels of hierarchy-goals-programs, goals-plans and current specific activities; in all groups of goals, there are no criteria for achieving goals-programs and goals-plans, and the results of current specific activities; there are three groups of regions, in the first of which management systems are focused on achieving three goals-programs, in the second group they implement two goals-programs, and in the third group they implement one goal-program.
A more detailed analysis of successfully implemented goals-plans in some environments, such as industrial and educational, in some regions will allow you to extend this experience to other territories.
TRABALHO DOMICILIAR
Authors: Enoque Alessandro Gomes , Fernando Borges Alex , Santana Ana Carolina Silva 
Published: January 2021

O trabalho domiciliar vem apresentando, ao longo do tempo, uma série de mutações que tem desafiado, permanentemente, os pesquisadores nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento científico. A diversidade ocupacional, semântica e metodológica relacionada a atividade fez com que o conceito fosse abordado a partir de diversos olhares, desde sua compreensão marxiana clássica até abordagens mais contemporâneas (GUILBERT e ISAMBERT-JAMATI, 1956; ABREU e SORJ, 1986; BENERÍA e ROLDÁN, 1987; BORIS e DANIELS, 1989; LALLEMENT, 1990; FESLTEAD e JEWSON, 2000). Refletir sobre a natureza desta atividade cada vez mais presente em nosso espaço social e, por que não dizer, em nossos lares, é, portanto, uma necessidade premente no âmbito da academia brasileira. Este ensaio teórico tem, como objetivo principal, lançar um outro olhar acerca do conceito. Um olhar que, a nosso ver, busca estabelecer um diálogo entre as abordagens clássicas e contemporâneas do trabalho domiciliar possibilitando, assim, uma ampla agenda de pesquisas.
Simone de Beauvoir, de Zaza ao feminismo
Authors: Annabelle Bonnet  
Published: January 2021

“Se estou com lágrimas nos olhos esta noite, é porque você morreu ou é porque eu estou viva?[1]”. Assim começa o livro inédito de Simone de Beauvoir, Les inséparables (As inseparáveis), redigido em 1954 mas publicado pela primeira vez em outubro de 2020, na França, pela sua filha adotiva, Sylvie Le Bon de Beauvoir. Nesse romance biográfico, a filósofa volta entre nós no tempo ao narrar sua longa e profunda amizade com Elisabeth Lecoin, “Zaza”, um dos encontros que mais marcaram sua juventude.
Obraz Artura Grottgera „Modlitwa konfederatów barskich przed bitwą” (pod Lanckoroną?): historia, literatura, ogląd
Authors: Bryl Mariusz 
Published: January 2021

The subject of the paper is a painting by Artur Grottger, which has not yet been the subject of close art historical analysis, hindered by the complicated history of the painting as a material object: from its creation (1861–63) and being exhibited in Vienesse Kunstverein in 1864 (titled Das Gebet vor der Schlacht. Episode aus der vergangenen Zeit in Polen), via its appearances and disappearances in the arena of history, till its present status of an object in a private collection, whichlimits its accessibility. The reconstruction of the process of constituting its present title (The Bar Confederates Pray Before the Battle of Lanckorona), reveals the problematic status of the reference to the specific battle fought during the Bar Confederation (1768–1772). The confrontation of the pictorial presentation with a real course of the battle of Lanckorona (23 May 1771) proves that it was not Grottger’s imperative to reconstruct in a probabilistic manner neither the place nor the course of the specific historical event. The analysis of the common for the artist and its public cultural competence, whose basis during that epoch was literature, does not yield an unequivocal identification of specific historical figures or literary motifs as references for the painting. This probabilism of heteronomous, historical and literary references, increases the autonomy of Grottger’s painting as a visual medium. Following the tenet of art historical hermeneutics that it is not contextual references but the pictorial potential activated by the artist that defines the actual status of the represented event, the subject of the next part of the text is the vision-oriented logic of the painting. The main reference is Michael Brötje’s theory, according to which the surface of the painting (not the material, covered with paint, picture plane – die Flache – but immaterial, invisible instance – die Ebene) constitutes the ultimate instance for both represented reality, which it transcends and whose boundaries it establishes, and for the spectator, who confronts this reality in the process of viewing with the pictorial surface and its boundaries. In the process of viewing, which consists in the interaction between structural properties of the painting and the postulated by the viewer relating to the surface, the spectator experiences, as his or her own, the truth about the confederates’ origin, their connection with nature, their religiosity, rootedness in the motherland, death as their destiny, and their devotion to the ultimate absolute instance. The very experience, residing in the medium, ultimately determines the status of the heteronomous in relation to the painting, historical and literary references.
André Bazin's Film Theory: Art, Science, Religion
Authors: Dalle Vacche Angela 
Published: January 2021

Always keen on the spectators’ freedom of interpretation, André Bazin’s film theory not only asks the famous question “What is cinema?,” but it also explores what is a human. By underlining the importance of personalist ethics, Angela Dalle Vacche is the first film specialist to identify Bazin’s “anti-anthropocentric” ambition of the cinema in favor of a more compassionate society. Influenced by the personalist philosophy of his mentor, Emmanuel Mounier, Bazin argued that the cinema is a mind-machine that interrogates its audiences on how humankind can engage in an egalitarian fashion towards other humans. According to Bazin, cinema’s ethical interrogation places human spirituality or empathy on top of creativity and logic. Notwithstanding Bazin’s emphasis on ethics, his film theory is rich with metaphors from art and science. The French film critic’s metaphorical writing lyrically frames encounters between literary texts and filmmaking styles, while it illuminates the analogy between the élan vital of biology and cinema’s lifelike ontology. A brilliant analyst of many kinds of films from Europe, Asia, and Latin America, ranging from fiction to documentary, from animation to the avant-garde, Bazin felt that the abstractions of editing were as important as the camera’s fluidity of motion. Furthermore, he disliked films based on a thesis or on an a priori stance that would rule out the risks and surprises of life in motion. Neither a mystic nor an animist, Bazin was a dissident Catholic and a cultural activist without membership of a specific political party. Eager to dialogue with all kinds of communities, Bazin always disliked institutionalized religions based on dogmas.
Focal Sleep Spindle Deficits Reveal Focal Thalamocortical Dysfunction and Predict Cognitive Deficits in Sleep Activated Developmental Epilepsy
Authors: Kramer Mark A. , Stoyell Sally M. , Chinappen Dhinakaran , Ostrowski Lauren M. , Spencer Elizabeth R. , Morgan Amy K. , Emerton Britt Carlson , Jing Jin , Westover M. Brandon , Eden Uri T. , Stickgold Robert , Manoach Dara S. , Chu Catherine J. 
Published: January 2021

Childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (CECTS) is the most common focal epilepsy syndrome, yet the cause of this disease remains unknown. Now recognized as a mild epileptic encephalopathy, children exhibit sleep-activated focal epileptiform discharges and cognitive difficulties during the active phase of the disease. The association between the abnormal electrophysiology and sleep suggests disruption to thalamocortical circuits. Thalamocortical circuit dysfunction resulting in pathologic epileptiform activity could hinder the production of sleep spindles, a brain rhythm essential for memory processes. Despite this pathophysiologic connection, the relationship between spindles and cognitive symptoms in epileptic encephalopathies has not been previously evaluated. A significant challenge limiting such work has been the poor performance of available automated spindle detection methods in the setting of sharp activities, such as epileptic spikes. Here, we validate a robust new method to accurately measure sleep spindles in patients with epilepsy. We then apply this detector to a prospective cohort of male and female children with CECTS with combined high-density EEGs during sleep and cognitive testing at varying time points of disease. We show that: (1) children have a transient, focal deficit in spindles during the symptomatic phase of disease; (2) spindle rate anticorrelates with spike rate; and (3) spindle rate, but not spike rate, predicts performance on cognitive tasks. These findings demonstrate focal thalamocortical circuit dysfunction and provide a pathophysiological explanation for the shared seizures and cognitive symptoms in CECTS. Further, this work identifies sleep spindles as a potential treatment target of cognitive dysfunction in this common epileptic encephalopathy.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChildhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes is the most common idiopathic focal epilepsy syndrome, characterized by self-limited focal seizures and cognitive symptoms. Here, we provide the first evidence that focal thalamocortical circuit dysfunction underlies the shared seizures and cognitive dysfunction observed. In doing so, we identify sleep spindles as a mechanistic biomarker, and potential treatment target, of cognitive dysfunction in this common developmental epilepsy and provide a novel method to reliably quantify spindles in brain recordings from patients with epilepsy.
Cross-Hemispheric Complementary Prefrontal Mechanisms during Task Switching under Perceptual Uncertainty
Authors: Tsumura Kaho , Aoki Ryuta , Takeda Masaki , Nakahara Kiyoshi , Jimura Koji 
Published: January 2021

Flexible adaptation to changing environments is a representative executive control function implicated in the frontoparietal network that requires appropriate extraction of goal-relevant information through perception of the external environment. It remains unclear, however, how the flexibility is achieved under situations where goal-relevant information is uncertain. To address this issue, the current study examined neural mechanisms for task switching in which task-relevant information involved perceptual uncertainty. Twenty-eight human participants of both sexes alternated behavioral tasks in which they judged motion direction or color of visually presented colored dot stimuli that moved randomly. Task switching was associated with frontoparietal regions in the left hemisphere, and perception of ambiguous stimuli involved contralateral homologous frontoparietal regions. On the other hand, in stimulus-modality-dependent occipitotemporal regions, task coding information was increased during task switching. Effective connectivity analysis revealed that the frontal regions signaled toward the modality-dependent occipitotemporal regions when a relevant stimulus was more ambiguous, whereas the occipitotemporal regions signaled toward the frontal regions when the stimulus was more distinctive. These results suggest that complementary prefrontal mechanisms in the left and right hemispheres help to achieve a behavioral goal when the external environment involves perceptual uncertainty.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn our daily life, environmental information to achieve a goal is not always certain, but we make judgments in such situations, and change our behavior accordingly. This study examined how the flexibility of behavior is achieved in a situation where goal-relevant information involves perceptual uncertainty. fMRI revealed that the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) in the left hemisphere is associated with behavioral flexibility, and the perception of ambiguous stimuli involves the PFC in the right hemisphere. These bilateral PFC signaled to stimulus-modality-dependent occipitotemporal regions, depending on perceptual uncertainty and the task to be performed. These top-down signals supplement task coding in the occipitotemporal regions, and highlight interhemispheric prefrontal mechanisms involved in executive control and perceptual decision-making.
Insomnia and Quality of Life in The Elderly: WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD Indonesian Version
Authors: Bangun Binar Cinta Kristialzy , Gondodiputro Sharon , Andayani Santi 
Published: January 2021

In Indonesia, the elderly are someone who has reached the age of 60 years old and over. Along with the aging, there will be changes in sleep pattern and awakening process so that insomnia will appear. Insomnia can cause decrease in quality of life. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between insomnia and quality of life in elderly which measured by WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD Indonesian version. The quantitative analytical cross-sectional study had been carried out to 60 elderly from 6 public health centers (puskesmas) in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. This study was conducted from August to November 2019. Insomnia was measured by Insomnia Severity Index and quality of life was measured by WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD Indonesian version. The Spearman correlation test was used for data analysis. This study discovered that the proportion of insomnia in the elderly was 36,7%(95%ci:24.5%-48.9%).the correlation coefficient between insomnia and quality of life was -0,386 (WHOQOL-BREF) and -0,302 (WHOQOL-OLD). It can be concluded that the proportion of insomnia in the elderly is high and there is a correlation between insomnia and quality of life even though the correlation is weak.
Prevalence and course of thyroid dysfunction in neonates at high risk of Graves’ disease or with non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism
Authors: Benlarbi Hassina , Simon Dominique , Rosenblatt Jonathan , Dumaine Cecile , de Roux Nicolas , Chevenne Didier , Storey Caroline , Poidvin Amélie , Martinerie Laetitia , Carel Jean-Claude , Léger Juliane 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Neonatal hyperthyroidism may be caused by a permanent non-autoimmune genetic disorder or, more frequently, by maternally transmitted high serum TRAb levels. Variable thyroid dysfunction may be observed in this second context. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neonatal non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism and of the different types of thyroid function in neonates with a high risk of hyperthyroidism due to maternal Graves’ disease (GD).

Design and methods
This observational cohort study included all neonates identified in the database of a single academic pediatric care center, over a period of 13 years, as having non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism or an autoimmune disorder with high TRAb levels (above 6 IU/L) transmitted by their mothers. Patients were classified as having neonatal hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or euthyroidism with a permanent or transient disorder.

Results
Two of the 34 consecutive neonates selected (6%) had permanent non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism due to germline (n = 1) or somatic (n = 1) mutations of the TSH receptor gene. The patients with high serum TRAb levels at birth had transient hyperthyroidism (n = 23), hypothyroidism (primary n = 2, central n = 3) or persistent euthyroidism (n = 4).

Conclusion
These original findings highlight the need for careful and appropriate monitoring of thyroid function in the long term, not only for the rare patients with non-autoimmune neonatal hyperthyroidism, but also for repeat monitoring during the first month of life in neonates with maternally transmitted high TRAb levels, to ensure the early identification of thyrotoxicosis in more than two thirds of cases and to detect primary or central hypothyroidism, thereby potentially decreasing associated morbidity.
Depressive Symptoms, Help-Seeking, and Barriers to Mental Healthcare Among Healthcare Professionals in Lithuania
Authors: Rogoža Daniel , Strumila Robertas , Klivickaitė Eglė , Diržius Edgaras , Čėnaitė Neringa 
Published: January 2021

Background: Previous research suggests that healthcare professionals (HCPs) experience high levels of work-related psychological distress, including depressive symptoms. Due to the stigma of mental health problems and other barriers, HCPs are likely to be hesitant to seek appropriate mental healthcare. We aimed to explore these phenomena among HCPs in Lithuania.Methods: A web survey inquiring about depressive symptoms, help-seeking, and barriers to mental healthcare was conducted. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). 601 complete questionnaires were included in the analyses. The barriers to help-seeking were identified using the inductive content analysis approach. Descriptive, non-parametric, and robust statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.Results: Most of the respondents have reported depression-like symptoms over the lifetime, although only about a third of them sought professional help. Of those, roughly half preferred a private specialist. The stigma and neglect of mental health problems were the most common barriers to help-seeking. Around half of the HCPs believed that seeking mental healthcare can imperil their occupational license. About a quarter of the HCPs screened positive for clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Statistically significant differences in the PHQ-9 score were found between categories of healthcare specialty, marital status, religious beliefs, workplace, and years of work as a HCP. Fewer years of work and younger age were associated with the higher PHQ-9 score.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that HCPs in Lithuania may be inclined not to seek appropriate mental healthcare and experience poor mental health, although stronger evidence is needed to verify these findings.