bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Residual Vibration in Nonlinear Systems With Temporal Variation and Uncertainty in Parameters by Elimination of the Natural Frequency Component
Authors: Mori Hiroki , Kurihara Kai , Sowa Nobuyuki , Kondou Takahiro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A systematic approach is developed for determining a control input for the point-to-point control of an overhead crane that exhibits temporal variation of rope length in addition to damping and nonlinearity, without inducing residual vibration. Complete suppression of the residual vibration is achieved by eliminating the natural frequency component of the cargo from the apparent external force, which is defined to include the effects of damping, nonlinearity, and parameter variation. Furthermore, an effective technique previously proposed by the authors for improving robustness to the modeling error of the natural frequency is extended. Numerical simulation results show that, even when cargo is hoisted up or down during operation, the proposed method realizes accurate positioning of the cargo without inducing residual vibration and sufficiently improves robustness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first frequency-domain robust open-loop control strategy that ensures a theoretical zero amplitude for residual vibration in the absence of modeling error in nonlinear crane hoisting operation. The developed method is not only a contribution to the realization of low-cost and efficient crane hoisting operation, but is also applicable to the control of other nonlinear damped systems that include time-varying parameters.
The illustrations of Brongniart and Cuvier illuminate paleontology in the early nineteenth century
Authors: Bork Kennard B. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
The concept of biostratigraphy was a significant step in the evolution of geoscience. Alexandre Brongniart (1770–1847) and Georges Cuvier (1769–1832) were key contributors to developing the subdiscipline as they worked to decode the stratigraphy of the Paris Basin in the first decades of the nineteenth century. Their illustrations of fossils, local geologic columns, and a regional geologic map played a decisive role in furthering an understanding of the value of paleontology in the service of illuminating Earth history.
Clay minerals modulate early carbonate diagenesis
Authors: Mills N. Tanner , Reece Julia S. , Tice Michael M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Early diagenetic precipitation of authigenic carbonate has been a globally significant carbon sink throughout Earth history. In particular, SO42− and Fe3+ reduction and CH4 production create conditions in pore fluids that promote carbonate mineral precipitation; however, these conditions may be modified by the presence of acid-base buffers such as clay minerals. We integrated the acid-base properties of clay minerals into a biogeochemical model that predicts the evolution of pore-water pH and carbonate mineral saturation during O2, Fe3+, and SO42− reduction and CH4 production. Key model inputs were obtained using two natural clay mineral–rich sediments from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program as well as from literature. We found that clay minerals can enhance carbonate mineral saturation during O2 and SO42− reduction and moderate saturation during Fe3+ reduction and CH4 production if the pore-fluid pH and clay mineral pKa values are within ~2 log units of one another. We therefore suggest that clay minerals could significantly modify the environmental conditions and settings in which early diagenetic carbonate precipitation occurs. In Phanerozoic marine sediments—where O2 and SO42− have been the main oxidants of marine sedimentary organic carbon—clay minerals have likely inhibited carbonate dissolution and promoted precipitation of authigenic carbonate.
Systemic vascular air embolus following CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy: a potentially fatal complication
Authors: Pietersen Pia Iben , Jørgensen Gitte Maria , Christiansen Anders 
Published: May 2021

Following an uncomplicated CT-guided transthoracic biopsy, a patient becomes unconscious and subsequently dies despite immediate cardiac resuscitation. The patient felt well during the procedure but started complaining about dizziness and chest pain when he sat up. When he again was put in a supine position, cardiac arrest was noted. A CT scan performed when the symptoms initiated was afterwards rigorously reviewed by the team and revealed air located in the left ventricle, aorta and right coronary artery.We present a rare but potentially lethal complication following CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy—systemic vascular air embolus. Knowledge and evidence about the complication are sparse because of low incidence and varying presentation. However, immediate initiation of treatment can save a life, and awareness of the complication is therefore crucial.
Outcome Prognostication of Acute Brain Injury using the Neurological Pupil Index (ORANGE) study: protocol for a prospective, observational, multicentre, international cohort study
Authors: Oddo Mauro , Taccone Fabio , Galimberti Stefania , Rebora Paola , Citerio Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThe pupillary examination is an important part of the neurological assessment, especially in the setting of acutely brain-injured patients, and pupillary abnormalities are associated with poor outcomes. Currently, the pupillary examination is based on a visual, subjective and frequently inaccurate estimation. The use of automated infrared pupillometry to measure the pupillary light reflex can precisely quantify subtle changes in pupillary functions. The study aimed to evaluate the association between abnormal pupillary function, assessed by the Neurological Pupil Index (NPi), and long-term outcomes in patients with acute brain injury (ABI).Methods and analysisThe Outcome Prognostication of Acute Brain Injury using the Neurological Pupil Index study is a prospective, observational study including adult patients with ABI requiring admission at the intensive care unit. We aimed to recruit at least 420 patients including those suffering from traumatic brain injury or haemorrhagic strokes, over 12 months. The primary aim was to assess the relationship between NPi and 6-month mortality or poor neurological outcome, measured by the Extended Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS-E, poor outcome=GOS-E 1–4). Supervised and unsupervised methods and latent class mixed models will be used to identify patterns of NPi trajectories and Cox and logistic model to evaluate their association with outcome.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the institutional review board (Comitato Etico Brianza) on 16 July 2020. Approved protocol V.4.0 dated 10 March 2020. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04490005.
Acute psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak among psychiatric professionals in China: a multicentre, cross-sectional, web-based study
Authors: Guo Xin , McCutcheon Robert , Pillinger Toby , Arumuham Atheeshaan , Chen Jianhua , Ma Simeng , Yang Jun , Wang Ying , Hu Shaohua , Wang Gaohua , Liu Zhong-Chun 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the magnitude of mental health outcomes and associated factors among psychiatric professionals in mental health services during COVID-19 in China.Design, setting and participantsThis cross-sectional, survey-based, region-stratified study collected demographic data and mental health measurements from psychiatric professionals in 34 hospitals between 29 January and 7 February 2020, in China. Hospitals equipped with fever clinics or deployed on wards for patients with COVID-19 were eligible.Primary outcome and measuresThe severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia and distress were assessed by the Chinese versions of 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder, 7-item Insomnia Severity Index and 22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression and structural equation modelling was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes.ResultsA total of 610 psychiatric professionals were included. 29.8% were employed in Wuhan, and 22.5% were frontline workers. A considerable proportion of participants reported symptoms of depression (461 (75.6%)), anxiety (282 (46.2%)), insomnia (336 (55.1%)) and mental stress (481 (78.9%)). Psychiatric symptoms were associated with worrying about infection (eg, OR 2.36 (95% CI 1.27 to 4.39) for anxiety), risks of exposure to COVID-19 (eg, having inadequate personal protection equipment, OR 2.43 (1.32 to 4.47) for depression) and self-perceived physical health (eg, OR 3.22 (2.24 to 4.64) for mental stress). Information sources of COVID-19 were also found to be both positively (eg, information from relatives, OR 2.16 (1.46 to 3.21) for mental stress) and negatively (eg, information from TV, OR 0.52 (0.35 to 0.77) for mental stress) associated with mental stress. There is preliminary evidence that mental health might benefit from greater availability of mental healthcare services. The structural equation model analysis indicated that worrying about infection may be the primary mediator via which risk of exposure to COVID-19 pandemic affects the mental health of psychiatric professionals.ConclusionsThe current findings demonstrate several pathways via which the COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively affected the mental health of psychiatric professionals in China.
The Effects of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Cardiovascular Outcomes Based on 10-Year ASCVD Risk Score: An Analysis of a Clinical Trial
Authors: Alborzi Alireza , Attar Armin , Sayadi Mehrab , Nouri Fatemeh 
Published: May 2021

There is still controversy about whether clinicians should include cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification into the consideration for treatment of hypertension. This was a post hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). A total of 9361 nondiabetic patients without a history of stroke were randomly assigned to the intensive-treatment group (with an SBP target of <120 mm Hg) and the standard-treatment group (with an SBP target of <140 mm Hg). The patients were categorized into four groups based on the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk score. The groups contained participants with ASCVD < 7.5%, 7.5% ≤ ASCVD <10%, 10% ≤ ASCVD < 15%, and ASCVD ≥ 15%. The incidence of the primary outcome, secondary outcome, and serious adverse events was compared between the two groups. The primary outcome was a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), acute coronary syndrome (ACS) not resulting in MI, stroke, acute decompensated heart failure (HF), or death from cardiovascular causes. The secondary outcomes consisted of the individual components of the primary outcome and all-cause death. Intensive blood pressure (BP) control significantly reduced the incidence of primary outcome event in patients with 10% ≤ ASCVD < 15% (hazard ratio (HR) 0.593; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.361–0.975;

P

= 0.039) and ASCVD ≥ 15% (HR 0.778; CI 0.644–0.940;

P

= 0.009). Intensive BP control was also beneficial for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with an ASCVD risk of 7.5–10% (HR 0.187; 95% CI 0.040–0.862;

P

= 0.032). However, intensive treatment was associated with higher incidence of hypotension and acute renal failure in participants with ASCVD ≥ 15%. In patients without diabetes mellitus and prior stroke who had a 10-year risk of cardiovascular events above 10% based on the ASCVD risk score, intensive BP control played an important role in the reduction of major cardiovascular events. Additionally, intensive treatment would be beneficial for primary prevention in patients with ASCVD ≥ 7.5% without previous history of any cardiovascular disorders. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number; the trial is registered with NCT01206062.
Selective Requirement of MYB for Oncogenic Hyperactivation of a Translocated Enhancer in Leukemia
Authors: Smeenk Leonie , Ottema Sophie , Mulet-Lazaro Roger , Ebert Anja , Havermans Marije , Varea Andrea Arricibita , Fellner Michaela , Pastoors Dorien , van Herk Stanley , Erpelinck-Verschueren Claudia , Grob Tim , Hoogenboezem Remco M. , Kavelaars François G. , Matson Daniel R. , Bresnick Emery H. , Bindels Eric M. , Kentsis Alex , Zuber Johannes , Delwel Ruud 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(3)(q21;q26) or t(3;3)(q21;q26), a translocated GATA2 enhancer drives oncogenic expression of EVI1. We generated an EVI1-GFP AML model and applied an unbiased CRISPR/Cas9 enhancer scan to uncover sequence motifs essential for EVI1 transcription. Using this approach, we pinpointed a single regulatory element in the translocated GATA2 enhancer that is critically required for aberrant EVI1 expression. This element contained a DNA-binding motif for the transcription factor MYB, which specifically occupied this site at the translocated allele and was dispensable for GATA2 expression. MYB knockout as well as peptidomimetic blockade of CBP/p300-dependent MYB functions resulted in downregulation of EVI1 but not of GATA2. Targeting MYB or mutating its DNA-binding motif within the GATA2 enhancer resulted in myeloid differentiation and cell death, suggesting that interference with MYB-driven EVI1 transcription provides a potential entry point for therapy of inv(3)/t(3;3) AMLs.Significance:We show a novel paradigm in which chromosomal aberrations reveal critical regulatory elements that are nonfunctional at their endogenous locus. This knowledge provides a rationale to develop new compounds to selectively interfere with oncogenic enhancer activity.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2659
Stability study of concentrate-solvent mixture & infusion solutions of Jevtana® cabazitaxel for extended multi-dosing
Authors: Hedvig Arnamo A , Huitema Alwin D.R , Beijnen Jos H , Nuijen Bastiaan 
Published: May 2021

Aim/Background In this study, the prolonged physical and chemical stability of the anticancer agent cabazitaxel, commercially available as Jevtana®, was examined. Both concentrate-solvent mixture and infusion solution were examined with the aim to extend the use of multidose left-over cabazitaxel and infusion solutions and with that reduce financial and environmental waste. Methods A validated stability-indicating high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) and photodiode array (PDA) detection was used to examine the purity and any degradation of cabazitaxel. The concentrate-solvent mixture and infusion solution samples that were tested had been stored out of the range of the criteria stated in the summary of product characteristics (SmPC). The concentrate-solvent mixtures were stored at 3–5°C, 18–21°C, and 40 °C, whereas the infusion solution was stored at 3–5°C. All samples were tested at t = 0, t = 1 week and t = 2 weeks. Results All samples showed that purity and concentration had remained within the criteria of <5% as stated in the European Pharmacopoeia. However, the concentrate-solvent mixtures stored at 18-21°C and 40 °C showed a degradation product forming in all the samples lowering the purity of the samples from 100% to 99.91% and 98.20% respectively, whereas all samples stored at 3–5°C remained at 100%. Conclusion Concentrate-solvent mixture and infusion solution of cabazitaxel, Jevtana®, can be used up to 2 weeks after preparation if stored at 3–5°C and prepared under aseptic conditions.
A case report of individualized ventilation in a COVID-19 patient – new possibilities and caveats to consider with flow-controlled ventilation
Authors: Spraider Patrick , Putzer Gabriel , Breitkopf Robert , Abram Julia , Mathis Simon , Glodny Bernhard , Martini Judith 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) is a novel ventilation method increasingly being used clinically, particularly during the current COVID-19 pandemic. However, the continuous flow pattern in FCV during inspiration and expiration has a significant impact on respiratory parameters and ventilatory settings compared to conventional ventilation modes. In addition, the constant flow combined with direct intratracheal pressure measurement allows determination of dynamic compliance and ventilation settings can be adjusted accordingly, reflecting a personalized ventilation approach.

Case presentation
A 50-year old women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was admitted to a tertiary medical center. Initial ventilation occurred with best standard of care pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and was then switched to FCV, by adopting PCV ventilator settings. This led to an increase in oxygenation by 30 %. Subsequently, to reduce invasiveness of mechanical ventilation, FCV was individualized by dynamic compliance guided adjustment of both, positive end-expiratory pressure and peak pressure; this intervention reduced driving pressure from 18 to 12 cm H2O. However, after several hours, compliance further deteriorated which resulted in a tidal volume of only 4.7 ml/kg.

Conclusions
An individualized FCV approach increased oxygenation parameters in a patient suffering from severe COVID-19 related ARDS. Direct intratracheal pressure measurements allow for determination of dynamic compliance and thus optimization of ventilator settings, thereby reducing applied and dissipated energy. However, although desirable, this personalized ventilation strategy may reach its limits when lung function is so severely impaired that patient’s oxygenation has to be ensured at the expense of lung protective ventilation concepts.
Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and risk of cardiovascular disease in a Chinese population
Authors: Gao Yan , Pang Huifang , Chen Bowang , Wu ChaoQun , Wang Yanping , Hou Libo , Wang Siming , Sun Dianjianyi , Zheng Xin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Systemic studies of association of genome-wide DNA methylated sites with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in prospective cohorts are lacking. Our aim was to identify DNA methylation sites associated with the risk of CVD and further investigate their potential predictive value in CVD development for high-risk subjects.

Methods
We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) to identify CpGs related to CVD development in a Chinese population.We adopted a nested case–control design based on data from China PEACE Million Persons Project. A total of 83 cases who developed CVD events during follow-up and 83 controls who were matched with cases by age, sex, BMI, ethnicity, medications treatment and behavior risk factors were included in the discovery stage. Genome-wide DNA methylation from whole blood was detected using Infinium Human Methylation EPIC Beadchip (850 K). For significant CpGs [FDR(false discovery rate) < 0.005], we further validated in an independent cohort including 38 cases and 38 controls.

Results
In discovery set, we identified 8 significant CpGs (FDR < 0.005) associated with the risk of CVD after adjustment for cell components, demographic and cardiac risk factors and the first 5 principal components. Two of these identified CpGs (cg06901278 and cg09306458 in UACA) were replicated in another independent set (p < 0.05). Enrichment analysis in 787 individual genes from 1036 CpGs in discovery set revealed a significant enrichment for anatomical structure homeostasis as well as regulation of vesicle-mediated transport. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the model combined 8 CVD-related CpGs with baseline characteristics showed much better predictive effect for CVD occurrence compared with the model with baseline characteristics only [AUC (area under the curve) = 0.967, 95% CI (0.942 − 0.991); AUC = 0.621, 95% CI (0.536 − 0.706); p = 9.716E-15].

Conclusions
Our study identified the novel CpGs associated with CVD development and revealed their additional predictive power in the risk of CVD for high-risk subjects.
Distinguishing between household headship with and without power and its association with subjective well-being among older adults: an analytical cross-sectional study in India
Authors: Srivastava Shobhit , Singh S. K. , Kumar Manish , Muhammad T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe status of household headship accorded to the older members of the family is often symbolic and seldom vested with some control over resources. The increased dependency and diminished ability to contribute to household economy are major factors that lead to a decline in the respect accorded to older people and their status in the family. The present study aimed to understand the distinction between the functional and nominal household headship status of older adults based on their decision-making power and examine how it is associated with their subjective well-being.MethodThe present research used data from the 'Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India' (BKPAI) which is nationally representative. The survey was conducted in 2011, across seven states of India. Descriptive statistics along with percentage distribution were calculated for subjective well-being over explanatory variables. For finding the association between subjective well-being over explanatory variables, binary logistic regression model was used.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 68 years [CI: 67.8–68.2]. About 5 % of older adults had nominal while 95% had functional headship status. The prevalence of low subjective well-being (LSWB) was significantly higher among older adults with nominal headship status (58%) than functional headship status (23%). After controlling for several other variables, older adults with nominal headship status were 59% significantly more likely to have low subjective well-being than individuals with functional headship status (OR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.31). Further, older adults with psychological distress, chronic morbidity, poor self-reported health, no community involvement and no one to trust on were at higher risk of LSWB than their counterparts.ConclusionsFindings suggest that older adults who do not have a household headship with power with active participation in household decision-making as well as those who have no involvement in social activities or have poor health conditions need to be given more attention. Thus, to keep a large proportion of older population gainfully engaged, their care and support should be ensured via providing appropriate services that would enhance their roles and responsibilities and overall wellbeing.