bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Indoor climate of Historical cult buildings
Authors: Metals Martins , Lesinskis Arturs , Turauskis Kristaps 
Published: March 2021

There are 320 historical cult buildings as cultural monuments of national significance in Latvia. Cultural and historical art monuments and artifacts (paintings, organs, chairs, altars, pulpits) must be preserved and protected in these cultural buildings. Specific indoor climate is necessary to maintain in historical cult buildings to pass on to future generations, but those specific requirements often are complete opposite of the actual microclimate and what the user wants.
Indoor climate measurements have been carried out in five brick wall and two wooden churches with and without heating systems. Potential condensation risks are determined using calculations. Typical air flow has been formed using building’s termography measurements. Heating systems and making use of buildings influence historical buildings and this has been determined. The main aim of the article is to determine potential indoor climate type of control in historical cult buildings avoiding humidification and dehumidification, and it is similar in the coastal climate of the Baltic Sea.
Results show that: great humidity fluctuations have been observed in buildings which have been used during winter, outdoor air has a great impact to buildings, less humidity fluctuations have been observed in buildings with controlled heating systems.
HVAC Best Practices in Arctic Climates
Authors: Winfield Emily C. , Rader Robin J. , Zhivov Alexander M. , Dyrelund Anders , Fredeen Craig , Gudmundsson Oddgeir , Goering Brent 
Published: March 2021

Arctic climates provide unique challenges for designers of HVAC, plumbing, and thermal energy systems. The importance of considering the operation outside air temperatures, system reliability, and building resiliency cannot be understated. The paper describes best practice examples of robust and reliable systems with the emphasis on their redundancy, durability, and functionality. The paper also discusses the most common heating and ventilation system approaches used in arctic climate with the emphasis on the importance of a maintenance program that allows building operators to successfully troubleshoot and maintain buildings in the arctic. More detailed discussion of concepts presented in this paper can be found in the Guide [1]	where these concepts are illustrated by best practice examples from U.S. military bases in Alaska and Søndre Strømfjord, the international airport of Greenland that previously was used as a U.S. military base. The paper results from experts’ discussions during the Consultation Forum “Thermal Energy Systems Resilience in Cold/Arctic Climates” [2]	and research conducted under the IEA EBC Annex 73, the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) Project “Technologies Integration to Achieve Resilient, Low-Energy Military Installations” and U.S. Army Program project 633734T1500 under Military Engineering Technology Demonstration. The paper is complementary to the ASHRAE Cold Climate Design Guide [3]	with a focus on resilience of thermal energy systems.
Recommendations for model identification for MPC of an all-Air HVAC system
Authors: Carton Quinten , Merema Bart , Breesch Hilde 
Published: March 2021

Rule-based control (RBC) strategies are often unable to execute the optimal control action, which leads to unnecessary energy consumption and suboptimal comfort. Model predictive control (MPC) is a dynamic control strategy for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems that is mostly more capable of performing optimal control actions. The identification process of predictive models is an essential aspect of MPC. However, this model identification process remains time consuming due to the large variation in buildings and systems. The aim of this paper is to determine guidelines to identify predictive grey-box models more time efficient, thus enhancing the applicability of MPC.
This paper focusses on a case study building equipped with an all-air HVAC system, which combines ventilation, heating and cooling. Making both temperature and CO2-concentration key parameters to predict. The grey-box model represents an open zone in a landscaped office, making the influence of neighbouring zones an additional challenge.
Different models for predicting the zone temperature and CO2-concentration are identified, evaluated and validated using CTSM-R. The following aspects are studied: the dataset size, the influence of neighbouring zones, the difference between winter and summer conditions, number of states and the prediction horizon.
A three state RC-model with the implementation of the zone temperature of one neighbouring zone is preferred for predicting the indoor temperature with an acceptable prediction horizon of one day. However, this temperature model is not suitable during sunny periods. A simple model representing a mass balance obtains accurate predictions of the zone CO2-concentration for a timestep of 15 minutes. For both model types the utilization of 5-day datasets is favoured over 12-day datasets due to a shorter monitoring period, lower prediction error and an easier parameter convergence. The usage of 12-day datasets is only preferred when an accurate estimation of the thermal inertia is pursued.
Optimization of strength, ductility and wear resistance of low-carbon grade A shipbuilding steel by post-ECAP annealing
Authors: Demirtas M. , Sekban D.M. 
Published: March 2021

Effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological behavior of grade A shipbuilding steel was investigated. Coarse-grained microstructure of initial sample is eliminated during the ECAP at 375 °C and more refined microstructure is achieved. Post-ECAP annealing at 575 °C results in some grain growth, and also the cementite lamellae in the pearlite colonies is broken and got spheroidised during the annealing treatment. ECAP increases strength and hardness of steel significantly while it decreases the ductility. On the other hand, post-ECAP annealing treatment brings about an increase in ductility and diminishes the hardness, as expected. Strain hardening capacity, ductility, hardness and oxidation rate were found to be the main factors affecting wear resistance of the grade A steel. It was found that high hardness and strength, good wear resistance with sufficiently high ductility can be achieved in the grade A steel by applying ECAP + annealing processes.
Neugeborenes mit Nasenagenesie: Neonatologische Herausforderungen bei der Versorgung eines Neugeborenen mit Bosma-Arhinie-Mikrophthalmie-Syndrom (BAMS)
Authors: Stromiedel Helen , Van Quekelberghe Chantal , Yigit Gökhan , Al Naimi Ammar , Bahlmann Franz , Sader Robert , Guchlerner Marina , Lüchtenberg Marc , Latta Kay , Cho Chie Hee , Wollnik Bernd , Kunzmann Steffen 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungAnhand eines weiblichen Neugeborenen soll das seltene Krankheitsbild der konnatalen Nasenagenesie vorgestellt werden. In der Schwangerschaft fielen eine intrauterine Wachstumsrestriktion mit Polyhydramnion und eine Mittelgesichtshypoplasie auf. Das Atemwegsmanagement nach primärer Sectio in der 38 + 4 SSW gelang mittels Schienung durch einen Güdel- bzw. im Verlauf Rachentubus ohne Zeichen einer respiratorischen Insuffizienz. Neben der vollständigen Nasenagenesie zeigten sich bei unauffälligen zerebralen Strukturen ein Hypertelorismus, ein gotischer Gaumen, ein beidseitiger Mikrophthalmus und Iriskolobom. Die Nahrungsaufnahme wurde mit einer orogastralen Sonde sichergestellt, durch Trinktraining und einen speziellen Schnuller konnten eine bessere Koordination und Trinkleistung erzielt werden. Der sich bei assoziierten Fehlbildungen ergebende Verdacht auf ein Bosma-Arhinie-Mikrophthalmie-Syndrom (BAMS) wurde humangenetisch durch den Nachweis einer heterozygoten de novo Mutation im SMCHD1-Gen, welches eine Schlüsselfunktion in der Embryogenese der menschlichen Nase spielt, bestätigt (c.1043A > G; pHis348Arg). Aus neonatologischer Sicht ist oftmals die initiale Kreißsaal-Versorgung eine Herausforderung: Patienten mit Nasenagenesie werden häufig postpartal intubiert und elektiv tracheotomiert. Bei fehlender respiratorischer Problematik und Nahrungsaufnahme mit perzentilengerechtem Wachstum besteht jedoch keine dringliche Indikation zur frühzeitigen plastisch-chirurgischen Versorgung, insbesondere da diese mit Gefahren wie Sepsis und Wachstumsstörungen im Mittelgesicht behaftet ist.
Wo bitte geht es nach Hinterdupfing?
Authors: Hertlein Margit 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungLinks oder rechts? Täglich treffen Führungskräfte Entscheidungen. Manchmal ist die Antwort glasklar, manchmal aber eben auch nicht. Wie Sie kluge Entscheidungen treffen, lesen Sie in unserem Beitrag.
Roboterassistierte Lungenchirurgie
Authors: Cheufou Danjouma , Baldes Natalie , Lechner Sebastian , Möller Thorben , Steinert Matthias , Bölükbas Servet 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungBei Patienten mit primär resektablem Lungenkarzinom bleibt die anatomische Resektion die Therapie der Wahl. Allerdings kommen zu der etablierten Methode der Thorakotomie und Videothorakoskopie mit der Weiterentwicklung der Technik neue Methoden hinzu. Interessant ist hier insbesondere die Entwicklung der roboterassistierten Thoraxchirurgie. Die Anzahl der durch diese Technik unterstützten Lobektomien nimmt stetig zu und weitere Zentren schließen sich der roboterchirurgischen Therapie des Lungenkarzinoms an. Die roboterassistierte Thoraxchirurgie bietet einige technische Vorteile, welche die Limitationen der videoassistierten Chirurgie überwinden können. Die sichere Durchführbarkeit roboterassistierter Lobektomien konnten wiederholt gezeigt werden, wohingegen die Datenlage in Bezug auf die perioperativen Komplikationen heterogen ist. In Bezug auf die onkologischen Ergebnisse konnten bisher keine Nachteile der roboterassistierten Thoraxchirurgie gezeigt werden. Mit der
Einführung neuer Robotersysteme anderer Hersteller wird die Entwicklung zukünftig wahrscheinlich noch rasanter voranschreiten und so potenziell den Anteil minimalinvasiver Operationen in der Thoraxchirurgie erhöhen.
Robotic-Assisted Neck Dissection: Our Experience
Authors: Poma Salvatore , Modica Domenico Michele , Pitruzzella Alessandro , Fucarino Alberto , Mattina Gianfranco , Fasola Salvatore , Pirrello Daniele , Galfano Giuseppe Mario 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction Robotic neck dissection surgery allows less invasiveness to significantly improve the aesthetic impact even though it does not compromise the principles of radical cancer procedure.
Objective The aim of our work is to describe our personal experience with robotic neck dissection surgery.
Methods A retrospective study was conducted by analyzing 10 patients subjected to a robotic neck dissection surgery. In the period from August 2012 to December 2018, these patients have been treated exclusively with robotic lateral-cervical dissection. Five of them were subjected to robotic-assisted transaxillary neck dissection (RATAND) and the other 5 treated with robotic-assisted retroauricular neck dissection (RARAND), then the surgical results have been compared with 5 similar dissections performed by open neck dissection (OND).
Results The average surgical time of RATAND was estimated in 166 minutes, the average surgical time of RARAND was estimated in 153 minutes and the average surgical time of OND was estimated in 48 minutes. Both robotic techniques are valid from the oncological and aesthetic point of view, but in terms of surgical time, they are much longer than the open technique.
Conclusions In terms of the post-operative decree, in our opinion, the retroauricular technique is more rapid for the purposes of recovery.
Outcome of Gastroesophageal Reflux Therapy in Children with Persistent Otitis Media with Effusion
Authors: Elbeltagy Reem , Abdelhafeez Marwa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction Otitis media with effusion (OME) is considered one of the most common disorders that affect children during the first years of life. There are many risk factors of persistent middle ear effusion; one of these risk factors is gastroesophageal reflux. Association between persistent OME and gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERDs) could be explained by respiratory tract infections, insufficient ciliary clearance, and poor drainage of the Eustachian tube.
Objective To investigate whether the control of gastroesophageal reflux plays a role in the management of persistent OME and decreases tympanostomy tube insertion
Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children complaining of persistent OME. Their ages ranged between 5 and 12 years old. All children were subjected to full history taking, audiological assessment and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. The study group was divided according to pH results into two groups: GERD positives and GERD negatives.
Result The prevalence of GERD in persistent OME was 58%. There were statistically significant differences in the hearing levels and middle ear condition before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). The percentage of improvement of children complaining of persistent OME after antireflux treatment was 52%.
Conclusion Gastroesophageal reflux disease should be considered in patients with persistent OME. The administration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can set aside superfluous surgical treatment (such as tympanostomy).
Multiple Brain Abscesses Secondary to Odontogenic Infection: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Frisso Paulo Lucas Capelini , Ellakkis Richam Faissal El Hossain , Silva Elton Gomes , Farina Edgar Manuel Garcete , Sarraf Raymond Assad El 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroduction Cerebral abscess is a suppurative infection of the cerebral parenchyma, which may occur due to contiguity, hematogenous dissemination of distant foci, secondary to open traumatic brain injuries, or be idiopathic.Clinical Case A 63-year-old male patient sought assistance due to a severe headache in the frontal region associated with chills and lack of appetite that started four days before. Clinical examination of the patient showed no significant changes. Imaging and laboratory tests on admission showed only nonspecific changes, such as leukocytes 18,540, platelets 517,000, and c-reactive protein 2,0. In such case, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull was performed with contrast, showing the presence of expansive lesions compatible with multiple brain abscesses in the right parieto-occipital region.Discussion After excluding the main focus of hematogenous dissemination and in view of the identification of the agent Streptococcus intermedius by means of secretion culture collected through a surgical method, the hypothesis of abscess due to contiguous dental pyogenic foci was pointed out.Conclusion Dental evaluation showed multiple foci of infection with periodontitis and dental abscess, which were treated along with the use of antibiotics directed to the etiologic agent.
Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty with Fluoroscopy to Mitigate the Risk of Complications in Patients with Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease
Authors: Yun Andrew G. , Qutami Marilena , Pasko Kory B. Dylan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA minority of adult patients with childhood Legg–Calve–Perthes disease (LCPD) will develop secondary arthritis with marked leg length discrepancy (LLD) and multiplanar hip deformity. During total hip arthroplasty (THA), these technical challenges increase the perioperative risks of nerve injury, leg length inequality, and implant malposition. The technique of direct anterior total hip arthroplasty (DA-THA) in combination with fluoroscopic imaging was evaluated to mitigate these risks. We performed a retrospective review of 11 DA-THA procedures performed for patients with LCPD. The mean preoperative LLD for the patient cohort was 17 mm (range, 2–54). The mean postoperative LLD was 6 mm (range, 0–28). Acetabular component orientation was precise and accurate with a mean abduction angle of 44 degrees (range, 42–46) and mean anteversion of 20 degrees (range, 16–24). Clinical outcomes demonstrated a mean hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint replacement (HOOS, Jr) of 94 points. No patients had leg lengthening more than 26 mm and no nerve palsies were identified. We conclude that DA-THA with fluoroscopic guidance may be a valuable method to improve component placement precision and procedural safety in this potentially high-risk patient group.
Fast Tracking in Off Pump CABG with Supraglottic Airway and TIVA
Authors: Shah Kalpana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe standard goals of anesthetic management for an off pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery are that it should be safe, provide cardiac and other organ protection and stability, preserve neurocognitive integrity, maintain hemodynamics, allow early emergence and ambulation, and offer pain relief in the postoperative period. The cardiac surgical team should collaborate and plan the best preoperative strategy, so as to provide optimal care and a rapid and expeditious recovery of these patients. Scientific evidence and practical experience make total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) the recommended choice for cardiac surgery. Use of endotracheal tube (ETT) is associated with certain drawbacks which can be overcome with judicious use of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) for cardiac surgeries too. The core principles of ultrafast track anesthetic (UFTA) technique are choice and titration of short-acting anesthetic drugs, postoperative normothermia, multimodal analgesia, early extubation, ambulation, and discharge. Fast tracking with use of TIVA and PLMA in patients undergoing OPCAB at our center offers certain advantages over other techniques in terms of reduced airway and lung trauma, improved cardiac output and renal perfusion with spontaneous respiration, decreased stress and discomfort of ETT suctioning and weaning from ventilation, substantially reduced requirement of dosages of analgesics, anesthetics and opioids, resulting in better patient hemodynamics, alert and pain-free patient that are more amenable and cooperative for early feeds, postoperative chest physiotherapy and lung recruitment strategies, and early ambulation and discharge.
Potential Impact of the Z0011 Trial on the Omission of Axillary Dissection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shinzato Julia Yoriko , Serra Katia Piton , Eugeni Caroline , Cabello Cesar , Cardoso-Filho Cassio , Zeferino Luís Carlos 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the number of patients with early-stage breast cancer who could benefit from the omission of axillary surgery following the application of the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial criteria.
Methods A retrospective cohort study conducted in the Hospital da Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. The study population included 384 women diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer, clinically negative axilla, treated with breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy, from January 2005 to December 2010. The ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria were applied to this population and a statistical analysis was performed to make a comparison between populations.
Results A total of 384 patients underwent breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Of the total number of patients, 86 women underwent axillary lymph node dissection for metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SNLs). One patient underwent axillary node dissection due to a suspicious SLN intraoperatively, thus, she was excluded from the study. Among these patients, 82/86 (95.3%) had one to two involved sentinel lymph nodes and met the criteria for the ACOSOG Z0011 trial with the omission of axillary lymph node dissection. Among the 82 eligible women, there were only 13 cases (15.9%) of lymphovascular invasion and 62 cases (75.6%) of tumors measuring up to 2 cm in diameter (T1).
Conclusion The ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria can be applied to a select group of SLN-positive patients, reducing the costs and morbidities of breast cancer surgery.
Synchronous caregiving from birth to adulthood tunes humans’ social brain
Authors: Ulmer Yaniv Adi , Salomon Roy , Waidergoren Shani , Shimon-Raz Ortal , Djalovski Amir , Feldman Ruth 
Published: March 2021

SignificanceA birth-to-adulthood study tested the effects of maternal–newborn contact and synchronous caregiving on the social processing brain in human adults. For two decades, we followed preterm and full-term neonates, who received or lacked initial maternal bodily contact, repeatedly observing mother–child social synchrony. We measured the brain basis of affect-specific empathy in young adulthood to pinpoint regions sensitive to others’ distinct emotions. Maternal–newborn contact enhanced social synchrony across development, which, in turn, predicted amygdalar and insular sensitivity to emotion-specific empathy. Findings demonstrate the long-term effects of maternal caregiving in humans, similar to their role in other mammals, particularly in tuning core regions implicated in salience detection, simulation, and interoception that sustain empathy and human attachment.
Signal transduction through Cys-loop receptors is mediated by the nonspecific bumping of closely apposed domains
Authors: Cymes Gisela D. , Grosman Claudio 
Published: March 2021

Significance
In Cys-loop receptors, the affinity for neurotransmitter and the conductive/nonconductive state of the transmembrane pore depend tightly on each other. It has been previously hypothesized that wild-type side-chain–side-chain interactions straddling the interface between the extracellular and transmembrane modules are crucial for this conformational coupling. Here, we challenged this notion, and to the extent that our mutagenesis succeeded in eliminating all native interactions between side chains located across the interface, we conclude that such interactions are not required for function. Instead, function in these receptor channels seems to depend on more general properties of the extracellular–transmembrane-domain interface such as the shapes and relative positioning of the two apposed sides.
Cronartium flaccidum (Scots pine blister rust).
Authors:   USA, USDA-ARS
Published: March 2021

Abstract

C. flaccidum is a heteroecious rust fungus, completing different stages of its life cycle on different plants. Mating of haploid strains occurs on species of Pinus, followed by the production of aeciospores, which infect various species of herbaceous dicotyledons. An asexual stage producing urediniospores occurs on the dicotyledonous plants, followed by the production of teliospores, the sexual stage, that germinate to form basidiospores that infect pines thus completing the cycle. A closely-related autoecious rust, Endocronartium (Peridermium) pini, only infects Pinus hosts. C. flaccidum is known from Europe and parts of northern and eastern Asia; it is a Regulated Pest for the USA (USDA/APHIS, 2008). As an invasive in other temperate areas, this rust could be damaging on native and introduced pines or the alternate host species. The infections on pines develop slowly, therefore the fungus might be overlooked, such that accidental introduction of the rust could occur through the importation of conifer [Pinopsida] seedlings or trees.
Apiognomonia erythrostoma (cherry leaf scorch).
Authors:   USA, USDA-ARS
Published: March 2021

Abstract

A. erythrostoma is a perithecial ascomycete known primarily from Europe, although it has also been reported from eastern Asia. The early spotting of leaves and fruits of Prunus species, particularly cherry and apricot [Prunus armeniaca], can result in significant defoliation and loss of yield in certain years when weather conditions are favourable for infection by airborne ascospores. Although there is no record of introduction of the fungus to new areas, which would most likely require transport of trees still bearing infected leaves and fruit, some countries do list it as a quarantine pathogen.