bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway on the Th17/IL-17 Axis in Acute Cellular Rejection After Heart Transplantation in Mice
Authors: Zhang Ming , Xu Ming , Wang Kaijie , Li Long , Zhao Jinping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Acute immune rejection is one of the most serious complications of heart transplantation, and its mechanism has always been a hot spot. Th17 cells and cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) have been proved to be involved in acute immune rejection, and the signaling pathway mechanism has attracted our interest. It has been confirmed that the Janus kinase 2-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway is involved in the differentiation of CD4+ T cells, so we focus on whether the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is involved in the occurrence of acute immune rejection by regulating the Th17/IL-17 axis. In this study, we used Bagg’s Albino c mice and C57BL/6 mice to construct heterotopic heart transplantation models, which were divided into the acute rejection group and AG490-treated group (n = 5), and donor tissue and serum were collected in 3 experimental days from the recipient mice for H&E staining analysis of paraffin sections and ELISA, Western blot, flow cytometry, and real time-polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that the acute rejection rating of the heart decreased, and the expression of related factors decreased significantly after using the inhibitor AG490, suggesting that the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway regulates expression of the Th17/IL-17 axis in cardiac allograft rejection.
Contribution of WNT2B Genetic Variants to Ischemic Stroke Occurrence in a Chinese Han Population
Authors: Yuan Haozheng , Fan Pei , Yao Li , Lv Yuying , Wei Haidong , Zheng Juan , Han Xinsheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Wnt signaling pathway–related WNT2B gene was upregulated in ischemic brain damage. We aimed to assess the contribution of WNT2B genetic variant to ischemic stroke (IS) susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Five polymorphisms including rs3790606, rs351364, rs3790608, rs12037987, and rs10776752 in WNT2B were genotyped using Agena MassARRAY platform in 476 healthy controls and 501 patients with IS. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted for age and gender were estimated by logistic regression analysis. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the association between genotypes of WNT2B variants and blood lipid parameters. Rs12037987 (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.18–2.82, P = 0.007) and rs10776752 (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.13–2.68, P = 0.012) were related to the increased IS susceptibility. Interestingly, rs12037987 (OR = 2.01, P = 0.028) and rs10776752 (OR = 2.02, P = 0.028) had the higher IS risk in the subjects younger than or equal to 65 years. Rs12037987 (OR = 2.70, P = 0.013), rs10776752 (OR = 2.71, P = 0.012), and rs3790606 (OR = 1.89, P = 0.036) manifested an increasing-risk association with IS occurrence in women. Moreover, rs3790606 genotype was related to serum levels of triglyceride (P = 0.008) and total cholesterol (P = 0.001). Our study reported that rs12037987 and rs10776752 were associated with the increased risk for IS in the Chinese Han population. Our findings may be useful for insight into the contribution of WNT2B variants to the complex pathogenesis of IS.
CircJARID2 Regulates Hypoxia-Induced Injury in H9c2 Cells by Affecting miR-9-5p–Mediated BNIP3
Authors: Cai Xinyong , Li Bin , Wang Yunxia , Zhu Hongmin , Zhang Ping , Jiang Panpan , Yang Xu , Sun Jianhua , Hong Lang , Shao Liang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease, and many circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to participate in the pathological process. This study was to research circRNA jumonji and AT-rich interaction domain containing 2 (circJARID2) in MI. MI cell model was established by hypoxia treatment in H9c2 cells. CircJARID2 and microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p) levels were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability detection was performed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (Edu) assays. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay. Apoptotic markers and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) were quantified by western blot. Inflammatory cytokines were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The genic interaction was analyzed through dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Hypoxia induced the upregulation of circJARID2 expression in H9c2 cells. The hypoxia-induced cell viability inhibition, apoptosis promotion, and inflammatory response were all counterbalanced by knockdown of circJARID2. CircJARID2 interacted with miR-9-5p, and its function in regulating the hypoxia-induced cell injury was also dependent on targeting miR-9-5p. BNIP3 acted as a target gene of miR-9-5p, and circJARID2 had positive effect on BNIP3 expression by binding to miR-9-5p. MiR-9-5p played a protective role for H9c2 cells against the hypoxia-induced injury via targeting BNIP3. CircJARID2 overexpression contributed to the hypoxia-induced H9c2 cell injury by sponging miR-9-5p to upregulate BNIP3 expression, showing a novel molecular network of MI pathomechanism.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Infants <12 months of Age, United States, May 2020–January 2021
Authors: Godfred-Cato Shana , Tsang Clarisse A. , Giovanni Jennifer , Abrams Joseph , Oster Matthew E. , Lee Ellen H. , Lash Maura K. , Le Marchand Chloe , Liu Caterina Y. , Newhouse Caitlin N. , Richardson Gillian , Murray Meghan T. , Lim Sarah , Haupt Thomas E. , Hartley Amanda , Sosa Lynn E. , Ngamsnga Kompan , Garcia Ali , Datta Deblina , Belay Ermias D. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), temporally associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been identified in infants <12 months old. Clinical characteristics and follow-up data of MIS-C in infants have not been well described. We sought to describe the clinical course, laboratory findings, therapeutics and outcomes among infants diagnosed with MIS-C.

Methods:
Infants of age <12 months with MIS-C were identified by reports to the CDC’s MIS-C national surveillance system. Data were obtained on clinical signs and symptoms, complications, treatment, laboratory and imaging findings, and diagnostic SARS-CoV-2 testing. Jurisdictions that reported 2 or more infants were approached to participate in evaluation of outcomes of MIS-C.

Results:
Eighty-five infants with MIS-C were identified and 83 (97.6%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection; median age was 7.7 months. Rash (62.4%), diarrhea (55.3%) and vomiting (55.3%) were the most common signs and symptoms reported. Other clinical findings included hypotension (21.2%), pneumonia (21.2%) and coronary artery dilatation or aneurysm (13.9%). Laboratory abnormalities included elevated C-reactive protein, ferritin, d-dimer and fibrinogen. Twenty-three infants had follow-up data; 3 of the 14 patients who received a follow-up echocardiogram had cardiac abnormalities during or after hospitalization. Nine infants had elevated inflammatory markers up to 98 days postdischarge. One infant (1.2%) died after experiencing multisystem organ failure secondary to MIS-C.

Conclusions:
Infants appear to have a milder course of MIS-C than older children with resolution of their illness after hospital discharge. The full clinical picture of MIS-C across the pediatric age spectrum is evolving.
Well tolerability and highly effective treatment response for hepatitis C virus-human immunodeficiency virus–coinfected patients treated by all-oral direct-acting antivirals
Authors: Su Pin-Shuo , Su Chien-Wei , Wu Sih-Hsien , Wei Tien-Hsin , Chu Chi-Jen , Lin Chung-Chi , Lee Shou-Dong , Wang Yuan-Jen , Lee Fa-Yauh , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Hou Ming-Chih 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection is common because the two pathogens share their transmission route. Studies have suggested that coinfection is associated with accelerated hepatic fibrosis, increased hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma development. Historically, the sustained virological response (SVR) rates for patients undergoing pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-based therapy are poor owing to advanced liver disease, immune dysfunction, and poor medical adherence. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in HCV-HIV–coinfected patients.

Methods:
Between January 2017 and February 2020, 52 consecutive HCV-HIV–coinfected patients treated with oral DAAs (paritaprevir/ritonavir, ombitasvir, and dasabuvir: 7; daclatasvir and asunaprevir: 1; glecaprevir and pibrentasvir: 15; and sofosbuvir-based drugs: 29) were enrolled. The DAA regimen was selected based on the genotype/subtypes, patient characteristics, potential drug-drug interaction profiles, and health insurance reimbursement criteria. SVR12 was defined as undetectable HCV RNA (<15 IU/mL) at the end of therapy and 12 weeks after therapy completion.

Results:
The mean age of the enrolled patients was 42 ± 10.2 years; 92.3% of the patients were male and 32.7% had advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Nine (17.3%) patients had failed previous IFN therapy. The genotype distribution was as follows: 1a: 8; 1b: 23; 2: 14; 3: 1; and 6: 6. The baseline HCV RNA level before DAA administration was 6.56 ± 0.9 log10 IU/mL, and 67.3% of patients had baseline HCV RNA >2 000 000 IU/mL. After posttreatment follow-up, all 52 patients (100%) achieved SVR12. Subjective and laboratory adverse events during therapy were generally mild, and none of the patients terminated therapy early.

Conclusion:
A highly effective treatment response and good tolerability were achieved using the oral DAAs for the HCV-HIV–coinfected patient population, which has been considered difficult to treat using IFN-based therapy in the past with urgent unmet medical needs.
Evaluation of the relationship between central serous chorioretinopathy and liver cirrhosis: A nationwide, population-based study
Authors: Hsu Chia-Chen , Chen Yi-Hao , Huang Ke-Hao , Chen JiannTorng , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Liang Chang-Min , Chien Wu-Chien , Chen Ching-Long 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and liver cirrhosis share numerous risk factors and may have possible connections. We aimed to investigate whether patients with liver cirrhosis and the severity of cirrhosis have an increased incidence of CSCR.

Methods:
This population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted by collecting data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015. We included patients who were newly diagnosed with cirrhosis and selected an equal number of sex- and age-matched control subjects. The effect of cirrhosis on the risk of CSCR was examined via a Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. The cumulative incidence of CSCR was assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.

Results:
Both groups in this study comprised a total of 25 925 individuals. The cirrhotic patients had a significantly higher cumulative risk of developing CSCR in following years than patients without cirrhosis (log-rank test < 0.001). Furthermore, compared with noncirrhotic patients, the risk of CSCR was increased 3.59-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.31-5.28) in cirrhotic patients with complications, and 2.34-fold (95% CI, 1.27-3.24) in cirrhotic patients without complications. Additionally, male sex, springtime, diabetes mellitus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus statistical significantly increased the incidence of CSCR.

Conclusion:
Cirrhosis is an independent indicator of CSCR. Among the cirrhotic population, patients with ascites and other complications have a higher incidence of CSCR than those with uncomplicated cirrhosis. Physicians should be observant when managing cirrhotic patients with visual disturbances.
Health‐Related Quality of Life and Distress of Parents of Children With Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Authors: Krom Hilde , van Oers Hedy A. , van der Sluijs Veer Liesbeth , van Zundert Suzanne M.C. , Otten Marie‐Anne G.M. , Haverman Lotte , Benninga Marc A. , Kindermann Angelika 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTObjectives:Health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is impaired.Aim:To measure HRQOL and distress of parents of children with ARFID.Methods:Cross‐sectional cohort study. Parents of children with ARFID, visiting our multidisciplinary feeding team, completed questionnaires on the online Quality of Life in Clinical Practice portal; the Questionnaire for Adult's Health Related Quality of Life to assess parental HRQOL and the Distress Thermometer for Parents. Reference groups of parents of healthy (HC) and chronically ill children (CIC) were used.Results:Eighty‐five mothers and 62 fathers of 89 children with ARFID (58% female, median age 1.9 years) were included (response rate 68%). No differences were found regarding HRQOL in 11 of 12 domains between parents of children with ARFID and HC. Mothers of children with ARFID reported significantly higher HRQOL regarding pain and fathers a significantly lower HRQOL on depressive emotions compared to HC. No differences were found in overall and clinical distress scores between parents of children with ARFID and HC/CIC. Mothers of children with ARFID had significantly higher distress scores regarding cognitive problems compared to HC and parenting problems in children <2 years compared to HC/CIC. Significantly higher distress scores on parenting problems in children <2 years were found in fathers of children with ARFID compared to HC/CIC.Conclusion:Most HRQOL and distress scores of parents of children with ARFID were comparable to reference groups. Since parents of children with ARFID perceive a lack of understanding and support from the environment, professionals should suggest peer support through patient's organizations. Furthermore, it is important to offer professional support since parents indicated that they would like to talk to a professional about their situation.
Immunomodulation in Children: The Role of the Diet
Authors: Verduci Elvira , Köglmeier Jutta 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Immune maturation and response to inflammation depend on good nutritional status. Protein and amino acid deficiencies can compromise innate and adaptive immune functions, particularly following injury or during illness. Dietary omega-3 long-chain fatty acids, prebiotics and micronutrients are beneficial to the immune system. A complex interplay exists between diet, microbiome, and epigenetic factors. The effect of single nutrients on immune function may hence be difficult to study. Well-designed intervention studies, investigating the effects of whole dietary pattern on the immune system, are needed.
An Exploration of Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Community-Dwelling People With Stroke: A Cluster-Based Analysis
Authors: Hendrickx Wendy , Riveros Carlos , Askim Torunn , Bussmann Johannes B. J. , Callisaya Michele L. , Chastin Sebastien F. M. , Dean Catherine , Ezeugwu Victor , Jones Taryn M. , Kuys Suzanne S. , Mahendran Niruthikha , Manns Patricia J. , Mead Gillian , Moore Sarah A. , Paul Lorna , Pisters Martijn F. , Saunders David H. , Simpson Dawn B. , Tieges Zoë , Verschuren Olaf , English Coralie 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose:
Long periods of daily sedentary time, particularly accumulated in long uninterrupted bouts, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. People with stroke are at high risk of recurrent events and prolonged sedentary time may increase this risk. We aimed to explore how people with stroke distribute their periods of sedentary behavior, which factors influence this distribution, and whether sedentary behavior clusters can be distinguished?

Methods:
This was a secondary analysis of original accelerometry data from adults with stroke living in the community. We conducted data-driven clustering analyses to identify unique accumulation patterns of sedentary time across participants, followed by multinomial logistical regression to determine the association between the clusters, and the total amount of sedentary time, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), walking speed, and wake time.

Results:
Participants in the highest quartile of total sedentary time accumulated a significantly higher proportion of their sedentary time in prolonged bouts (P < 0.001). Six unique accumulation patterns were identified, all of which were characterized by high sedentary time. Total sedentary time, age, gender, BMI, and walking speed were significantly associated with the probability of a person being in a specific accumulation pattern cluster, P < 0.001 – P = 0.002.

Discussion and Conclusions:
Although unique accumulation patterns were identified, there is not just one accumulation pattern for high sedentary time. This suggests that interventions to reduce sedentary time must be individually tailored.

Video Abstract available for more insight from the authors (see the Video Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A343).
Changes in Sexual Behavior Related to the COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Women in New Orleans, LA
Authors: Craig-Kuhn Megan Clare , Schmidt Norine , Scott Glenis , Gomes Gérard , TatahMentan Mom , Enaholo Ososese , Guzman Stephanie , Tannis Ayzsa , Hall Jacob , Triggs Daniel R. , Kissinger Patricia J. 
Published: April 2021

Background
COVID-19 stay-at-home orders enacted in New Orleans, LA on March 16, 2020, may have caused changes in the way young men interacted with sex partners.

Methods
An online substudy was conducted (May 21, 2020 to June 9, 2020) among Black men who have sex with women, 18 years and older, and who had previously enrolled in the parent study Check It (May 17, 2017 to March 6, 2020) to assess changes in sexual behavior during the stay-at-home orders.

Results
Among 111 participants, from enrollment in Check It to during stay-at-home orders, recent vaginal sex declined from 96.4% to 47.8% (P < 0.0001), reports of multiple female sex partners declined from 45.0% to 14.4% (P < 0.0001), and sexual abstinence increased from 3.6% to 38.7% (P < 0.0001). Among those who did have vaginal sex, condomless sex rates did not change between enrollment in Check It and the substudy (64.5% vs 67.9%, P = 0.68). During stay-at-home orders oral sex, virtual sex, and pornography viewing were 40.5%, 42.3%, and 76.6%, respectively. Some (17.1%) acquired a new sex partner during stay-at-home orders, and 44.1% left their home to meet a partner for sex. Only 27.9% had seen information about safe sex during the pandemic. Income was diminished for 62.2% and 23.4% moved away from New Orleans when stay-at-home orders were enacted.

Conclusions
Although there was an overall reduction in physical sex, half of participants reported physical sex, with many leaving their home to have sex during stay-at-home orders and many not using condoms. Others adopted sexual abstinence, increased virtual sex, and/or pornography viewing, which may have protected them from both sexually transmitted infections and COVID-19.
Three-Dimensional Facial Anthropometric Analysis With and Without Landmark Labelling: Is There a Real Difference?
Authors: Gibelli Daniele , Cappella Annalisa , Bertozzi Filippo , Sala Davide , Sitta Sara , Tasso Damiano Rosario , Tomasi Francesca , Dolci Claudia , Sforza Chiarella 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
The actual role of landmarks labeling before three-dimensional (3D) facial acquisition is still debated. In this study, several measurements were compared among textured labeled (TL), unlabeled (NL), and untextured (NTL) 3D facial models.

Materials and Methods:
The face of 50 subjects was acquired through stereophotogrammetry. Landmark coordinates were extracted from TL, NL, and NTL facial models, and 33 linear and angular measurements were calculated, together with surface area and volume. Accuracy of measurements among TL, NL, and NTL models was assessed through calculation of relative technical error of measurement (rTEM). The intra- and inter-observer errors for each type of facial model were calculated.

Results:
Intra- and inter-observer error of measurements increased passing from textured to NTL and NL 3D models. Average rTEMs between TL models, and NTL and NL models were 4.5 ± 2.6% and 4.7 ± 2.8%, respectively, almost all measurements being classified as “very good” or “good.” Only for orbital height and its inclination, mandibular ramus length, nasal convexity, alar slope angle, and facial divergence, rTEM was classified as “moderate” or “poor.”

Conclusions:
Accuracy and precision of measurements decrease when landmarks are not previously labeled; attention must be taken when measurements have a low magnitude or involve landmarks requiring palpation.
Functional Improvement of Tacrolimus-Induced Parkinsonism With Amantadine After Liver Transplantation: A Case Report
Authors: Diaz-Segarra Nicole , Edmond Arline , Yonclas Peter 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Drug-induced parkinsonism is the most common type of drug-induced movement disorder, whose symptoms can decrease patient quality of life and reduce medication compliance. Tacrolimus is a routinely used immunosuppressant agent after liver transplantation, with a well-known neurotoxic profile. There have been rare reports of tacrolimus-induced parkinsonism, but its pharmacologic management and functional impact remain poorly characterized in the literature. We present a case of tacrolimus-induced parkinsonism in a 62-year-old man after a liver transplant, resulting in significant neurologic impairments and multiple barriers to hospital discharge. His tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, gait dysfunction, dysphonia, and dysphagia significantly improved after starting low-dose amantadine, with increased functional independence that allowed for a safe discharge. This is the first case in the literature detailing tacrolimus-induced parkinsonism's functional impairments improving with amantadine monotherapy.
Sertraline-Induced Amotivationel Syndrome in a 12-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Yildiz Bayindir Busra , Karayagmurlu Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Sertraline is a safe and effective agent frequently used in the treatment of childhood depression and obsessive compulsive disorder. Amotivational syndrome is also an important clinical manifestation characterized by decreased capacity to make and carry out long-term plans and lack of motivation. This report describes the development of amotivational syndrome in a 12-year-old girl receiving sertraline monotherapy and successful management of this side effect with discontinuation of sertraline and initiation of fluoxetine therapy. This case is presented because, to the best of our knowledge, there have been very few case reports regarding the development of sertraline-related amotivational syndrome and, more importantly, because of the very low number of case reports in which amotivational syndrome was managed by switching to a different selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.