bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrition evaluation and management of critically ill patients with COVID‐19 during post–intensive care rehabilitation
Authors: Hoyois Alice , Ballarin Asuncion , Thomas Justine , Lheureux Olivier , Preiser Jean‐Charles , Coppens Emmanuel , Perez‐Bogerd Silvia , Taton Olivier , Farine Sylvie , Van Ouytsel Pauline , Arvanitakis Marianna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAmong hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), up to 12% may require intensive care unit (ICU) management. The aim of this prospective cohort study is to assess nutrition status and outcome in patients with COVID‐19 following ICU discharge.MethodsPatients requiring a minimum of 14 days’ stay in the ICU with mechanical ventilation were included. Nutrition status was assessed at inclusion (ICU discharge) and follow‐up (after 15, 30, and 60 days). All patients had standardized medical nutrition therapy with defined targets regarding energy (30 kcal/kg/d) and protein intake (1.5 g/kg/d).ResultsFifteen patients were included (67% males); the median age was 60 (33–75) years old. Body mass index at ICU admission was 25.7 (IQR, 24–31) kg/m². After a median ICU stay of 33 (IQR, 26–39) days, malnutrition was present in all patients (11.3% median weight loss and/or low muscle mass based on handgrip strength measurement). Because of postintubation dysphagia in 60% of patients, enteral nutrition was administered (57% nasogastric tube; 43% percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy). After 2 months, a significant improvement in muscle strength was observed (median handgrip strength, 64.7% [IQR, 51%–73%] of the predicted values for age vs 19% [IQR, 4.8%–28.4%] at ICU discharge [P < 0.0005]), as well as weight gain of 4.3 kg (IQR, 2.7–6.7 kg) (P < 0.0002).ConclusionsCritically ill patients with COVID‐19 requiring ICU admission and mechanical ventilation have malnutrition and low muscle mass at ICU discharge. Nutrition parameters improve during rehabilitation with standardized medical nutrition therapy.
Deletion of conserved non‐coding sequences downstream from NKX2‐1: A novel disease‐causing mechanism for benign hereditary chorea
Authors: Liao Jun , Coffman Keith A. , Locker Joseph , Padiath Quasar S. , Nmezi Bruce , Filipink Robyn A. , Hu Jie , Sathanoori Malini , Madan‐Khetarpal Suneeta , McGuire Marianne , Schreiber Allison , Moran Rocio , Friedman Neil , Hoffner Lori , Rajkovic Aleksandar , Yatsenko Svetlana A. , Surti Urvashi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundBenign hereditary chorea (BHC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by early‐onset non‐progressive involuntary movements. Although NKX2‐1 mutations or deletions are the cause of BHC, some BHC families do not have pathogenic alterations in the NKX2‐1 gene, indicating that mutations of non‐coding regulatory elements of NKX2‐1 may also play a role.Methods and ResultsBy using whole‐genome microarray analysis, we identified a 117 Kb founder deletion in three apparently unrelated BHC families that were negative for NKX2‐1 sequence variants. Targeted next generation sequencing analysis confirmed the deletion and showed that it was part of a complex local genomic rearrangement. In addition, we also detected a 648 Kb de novo deletion in an isolated BHC case. Both deletions are located downstream from NKX2‐1 on chromosome 14q13.2‐q13.3 and share a 33 Kb smallest region of overlap with six previously reported cases. This region has no gene but contains multiple evolutionarily highly conserved non‐coding sequences.ConclusionWe propose that the deletion of potential regulatory elements necessary for NKX2‐1 expression in this critical region is responsible for BHC phenotype in these patients, and this is a novel disease‐causing mechanism for BHC.
“New Trach Mom Here…”: A qualitative study of internet‐based resources by caregivers of children with tracheostomy
Authors: Meyer‐Macaulay Colin B. , Graham Robert J. , Williams David , Dorste Anna , Teele Sarah A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveDecision‐making around tracheostomy placement and chronic respiratory support in children is complicated. Families often seek support and advice from outside the medical care team, including from social media. We undertook this study to characterize the content and nature of online resources created and managed primarily by caregivers of children living with tracheostomy and chronic mechanical ventilation.Design/SettingWe used a “grey literature” search methodology to identify internet resources created by caregivers of children with tracheostomy. We included only publicly available, nonindustry associated, English language, North American websites updated at least once in 2019. We then applied inductive content analysis to establish central themes, patterns and associations.Measurements/Main ResultsWe identified six blogs/forums that met our search criteria. We identified four main themes: (1) Uncertainty, (2) Lived experience—wants, needs, and emotions, (3) Seeking context and meaning, and (4) Advice/information sharing/support. Two patterns of coping were identified on the basis of the relationships between codes. The “Acceptance pathway” is associated with a sense of self‐actualization, mastery, satisfaction, return to normalcy, and ultimately acceptance. The “Resignation pathway” is associated with a sense of lack of control, frustration, burnout and stress, persistent lack of normalcy, and resignation to the tracheostomy as a negative but necessary outcome.ConclusionCaregivers often come to see themselves as experts in the care of children with tracheostomy, though many still express ambivalence about their knowledge and skills. Those early in the experience express a desire for community and can potentially benefit from online resources.
FacileSynthesis of Anatase TiO2Nanocrystals with Co‐Exposed{101}, {010}/{100} and [111]‐Facets for EfficientPhotodegradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Du Yi‐en , Niu Xianjun , Zhang Caifeng , Li Xiaodong , Cai Xuemei , Guo Yanqing , Wang Pengfei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCuboid‐shaped anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with co‐exposed {101} and [111]‐facets (or {101} and {100} facets), diamond‐shaped, rod‐like and irregular anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with dominant {010} facets were controllably synthesized from titanium (IV) ethoxide (TEOT) using HF as a capping agent via a facile sol‐gel procedure, and characterized by X‐ray powderdiffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), nitrogen adsorption, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectra,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For the as‐prepared anatase TiO2 nanocrystals, the 0.5HF‐TiO2 revealed the best photocatalytic efficiency under UV light irradiation: 94.1 % of methylene blue (MB) was photodegraded within 90 min. The reaction rate constant k(min−1) was 1.39, 1.47, 1.59, 1.66, 1.92, 2.75, and 30.5 times higher than that of 2.0HF‐TiO2 (2.20×10−2 min−1), 1.5HF‐TiO2 (2.07×10−2 min−1), 1.0HF‐TiO2 (1.92×10−2 min−1), 2.5HF‐TiO2 (1.84×10−2 min−1), 3.0HF‐TiO2 (1.59×10−2 min−1), Bodi‐TiO2 (1.11×10−2 min−1), and the blank sample (0.10×10−2 min−1), respectively. Compared to other as‐prepared anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with the similar co‐exposed crystal facets, the highest efficiency of 0.5HF‐TiO2 could be attributed to the minimum crystal size,narrower pore size distribution, the maximum specific surface area, the lowest PL intensity and charge‐transfer resistance, andthe smallestrecombination resistance.
Constructing Meaning Online: Teaching Critical Reading in a Post‐Truth Era
Authors: Nash Brady L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChanges in technology and reading habits over the last decade have ushered in a new informational landscape. The Internet has become the central means by which children and adults form understandings of the world. Since readers on the Internet choose from a nearly unlimited selection of websites, they play a more active role in determining which ideas they encounter. These shifts in technology have been accompanied by shifts in culture and politics which have led to a post‐truth era in which “identity [determines] how people respond to texts” (Janks, 2018, p. 98). While there is ample pedagogical literature addressing online reading, few resources exist for preparing students to navigate online in the post‐truth era. Utilizing tools drawn from critical literacy, this article builds on new literacies pedagogies by introducing instructional strategies that help students attend to the ways in which their own culturally‐situated viewpoints influence the meanings they make online.
Data Ownership and Open Data: The Potential for Data-Driven Policy Making
Authors: Walravens Nils , Ballon Pieter , Van Compernolle Mathias , Borghys Koen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs part of the rhetoric surrounding the Smart City concept, cities are increasingly facing challenges related to data (management, governance, processing, storage, publishing etc.). The growing power acquired by the data market and the great relevance assigned to data ownership rather than to data-exploitation knowhow is affecting the development of a data culture and is slowing down the embedding of data-related expertise inside public administrations. Concurrently, policies call for more open data to foster service innovation and government transparency. What are the consequences of these phenomena when imagining the potential for policy making consequent to the growing data quantity and availability? Which strategic challenges and decisions do public authorities face in this regard? What are valuable approaches to arm public administrations in this “war on data”? The Smart Flanders program was initiated by the Flemish Government (Belgium) in 2017 to research and support cities with defining and implementing a common open data policy. As part of the program, a “maturity check” was performed, evaluating the cities on several quantitative and qualitative parameters. This exercise laid to bare some challenges in the field of open data and led to a checklist that cities can employ to begin tackling them, as well as a set of model clauses to be used in the procurement of new technologies.
Data-Related Ecosystems in Policy Making: The PoliVisu Contexts
Authors: Lanza Giovanni 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe article explores the complexity of the ecosystems that develop around data supported policy making. This complexity, which can be traced back to the multiplicity of actors involved, the roles they assume in the different steps of the decision making process, and the nature of the relationships they establish, takes on new connotations following the rising use of data for public policies. In fact, issues related to data ownership and the ability to collect, manage, and translate data into useful information for policy makers require the involvement of several actors, generating ecosystems where co-creation strategies are confronted with the limits of action of the public administrations within broader social and decisional networks. Based on this background, the article aims to provide, through the analysis of the direct experiences conducted by the pilot cities involved in the PoliVisu project, an overview of the opportunities and challenges related to the impact of data in the evolution of decision making networks and ecosystems in the data shake era.
Summary and Conclusions
Authors: Reames Donald V. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this chapter we summarize our current understanding of SEPs, of properties of the sites of their origin and of the physical processes that accelerate or modify them. These processes can leave an indelible mark on the abundances of elements, isotopes, ionization states, anisotropies, energy spectra and time profiles of the SEPs. Transport of the ions to us along magnetic fields can impose new variations in large events or even enhance the visibility of the source parameters as the SEPs expand into the heliosphere. We lack physical models that can follow the complexity of SEP abundance variations.
Theorie des diskursiven Institutionalismus
Authors: Schleicher Katharina 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel stellt die wichtigsten Konzepte des diskursiven Institutionalismus vor und führt die Annahmen mehrerer Autoren zu unterschiedlichen Arten von Ideen, Akteursgruppen sowie drei Graden von Politikwandel zusammen. Die umfassendste Form von Wandel – die Transformation – geht auch mit einer Veränderung von Paradigmen einher. Wann dies laut diskursivem Institutionalismus erfolgreich gelingt, welche Voraussetzungen dafür vorliegen müssen und wie die Veränderungsprozesse ablaufen, wird in diesem Kapitel erläutert. Anschließend werden die Besonderheiten der lokalen Ebene bei Paradigmenwechseln und Politikveränderungen diskutiert. Darauf folgt ein Vergleich der Transformationsverständnisse des WBGU bzw. der transformativen Forschung und der Transition-Forschung mit der Transformationsdefinition des diskursiven Institutionalismus.
Performance of Agriculture in Punjab
Authors: Gulati Ashok , Roy Ranjana , Hussain Siraj 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPunjab had been a star performer in agriculture during the heydays of the green revolution. Its agricultural GDP grew at 5.7% per annum during the period from 1971–72 to 1985–86, which was more than double the growth rate of 2.31% achieved at all-India level in the same period. It was Punjab’s spectacular performance, first observed in large wheat surpluses and then in rice, that helped India free itself from food aid under the PL 480 and its associated political strings. Punjab became a symbol of India’s grain surpluses, giving India much needed food security. But after 1985–86, the green revolution showed signs of waning and Punjab’s agricultural growth slowed to 3% per annum over the period 1985–86 to 2004–05, almost the same as achieved at the all-India level. But the real challenges to Punjab’s agriculture emerged when its growth crashed to just 1.6% per annum during 2005–06 to 2016–17, which was less than half the all-India agricultural GDP growth of 3.6% over the same period. Owing to the earlier years of high agricultural growth, Punjab had one of the lowest poverty ratios (7.7% in rural Punjab) as per Tendulkar poverty line in the country in 2011–12, which was almost one-third the level of poverty at the all-India level. Providing food security to the country and reducing its own poverty to the lowest levels within India has been Punjab’s most laudable achievements.
Performance of Agriculture in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Gulati Ashok , Terway Prerna , Hussain Siraj 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUttar Pradesh is an agrarian economy where 47% of the population is directly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. Even though the share of agriculture in overall GSDP has dropped to only 12% in TE 2017–18, agriculture still remains an important sector because the income of a substantial section of the workforce still comes from this sector.
Myocardial salvage by succinate dehydrogenase inhibition in ischemia–reperfusion injury depends on diabetes stage in rats
Authors: Tonnesen Pernille Tilma , Hjortbak Marie Vognstoft , Lassen Thomas Ravn , Seefeldt Jacob Marthinsen , Bøtker Hans Erik , Jespersen Nichlas Riise 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) by Dimethyl Malonate (DiMal) reduces cardiac ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. We investigated the cardioprotective effect of DiMal in a rat model during advancing type 2 diabetes. Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats and lean controls were investigated corresponding to prediabetes, onset and mature diabetes. Hearts were mounted in an isolated perfused model, and subjected to IR for investigation of infarct size (IS) and mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (RCR). DiMal was administered for 10 min before ischemia. Compared with age-matched non-diabetic rats, prediabetic rats had larger IS (49 ± 4% vs. 36 ± 2%, p = 0.007), rats with onset diabetes smaller IS (51 ± 3% vs. 62 ± 3%, p = 0.05) and rats with mature diabetes had larger IS (79 ± 3% vs. 69 ± 2%, p = 0.06). At the prediabetic stage DiMal did not alter IS. At onset of diabetes DiMal 0.6 mM increased IS in diabetic but not in non-diabetic control rats (72 ± 4% vs. 51 ± 3%, p = 0.003). At mature diabetes DiMal 0.1 and 0.6 mM reduced IS (68 ± 3% vs. 79 ± 3% and 64 ± 5% vs. 79 ± 3%, p  = 0.1 and p = 0.01), respectively. DiMal 0.1 mM alone reduced IS in age-matched non-diabetic animals (55 ± 3% vs. 69 ± 2% p = 0.01). RCR was reduced at mature diabetes but not modulated by DiMal. Modulation of SDH activity results in variable infarct size reduction depending on presence and the stage of diabetes. Modulation of SDH activity may be an unpredictable cardioprotective approach.
Parental and job burnout in a Chinese sample
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Shengnan , Liu Xia , Li Yongxin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecently, parental burnout has received considerable attention. However, to what extent can parental burnout be distinguished from job burnout in general? Furthermore, what is the direction of the relationship between parental and job burnout? These questions remain to be explored. The present study sought to determine the relationship between parental and job burnout, examining the effects on fathers and the mothers sample separately. Study 1 aimed to provide further evidence of the distinction between parental and job burnout. In total, 597 students, 458 fathers, and 531 mothers took part in our survey. Furthermore, both parental and job burnout could positively predict their own depression (βfather = 0.27, p < 0.01; βmother = 0.35, p < 0.01). Parental burnout could significantly predict parenting-related variables (e.g., children’s anxiety) (βfather = 0.23, p < 0.01; βmother = 0.13, p < 0.01), whereas job burnout could significantly predict job-related variables (e.g., job satisfaction) (βfather = −0.27, p < 0.01; βmother = −0.28, p < 0.01). These results support the distinction between parental and job burnout. In Study 2, a three-wave longitudinal design and a cross-lag model was established to infer the direction of the relationship. In total, 109 fathers and 144 mothers completed all questionnaires. The results showed that the previous parental burnout had a significant predictive effect on later job burnout consistently, whereas the previous job burnout did not show significant predictive effect on later parental burnout. The implications and necessary future research are also discussed.
Models and scales for quality control: toward the definition of specifications (GOA-LOG) for the generation and re-use of HBIM object libraries in a Common Data Environment
Authors: Brumana Raffaella , Stanga Chiara , Banfi Fabrizio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe paper focuses on new opportunities of knowledge sharing, and comparison, thanks to the circulation and re-use of heritage HBIM models by means of Object Libraries within a Common Data Environment (CDE) and remotely-accessible Geospatial Virtual Hubs (GVH). HBIM requires a transparent controlled quality process in the model generation and its management to avoid misuses of such models once available in the cloud, freeing themselves from object libraries oriented to new buildings. The model concept in the BIM construction process is intended to be progressively enriched with details defined by the Level of Geometry (LOG) while crossing the different phases of development (LOD), from the pre-design to the scheduled maintenance during the long life cycle of buildings and management (LLCM). In this context, the digitization process—from the data acquisition until the informative models (scan-to-HBIM method)—requires adapting the definition of LOGs to the different phases characterizing the heritage preservation and management, reversing the new construction logic based on simple-to-complex informative models. Accordingly, a deeper understanding of the geometry and state of the art (as-found) should take into account the complexity and uniqueness of the elements composing the architectural heritage since the starting phases of the analysis, adopting coherent object modeling that can be simplified for different purposes as in the construction site and management over time. For those reasons, the study intends (i) to apply the well-known concept of scale to the object model generation, defining different Grades of Accuracy (GOA) related to the scales (ii) to start fixing sustainable roles to guarantee a free choice by the operators in the generation of object models, and (iii) to validate the model generative process with a transparent communication of indicators to describe the richness in terms of precision and accuracy of the geometric content here declined for masonry walls and vaults, and (iv) to identifies requirements for reliable Object Libraries.
Boosting energy storage performance of low-temperature sputtered CaBi2Nb2O9 thin film capacitors via rapid thermal annealing
Authors: Yan Jing , Wang Yanling , Wang Chun-Ming , Ouyang Jun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCaBi2Nb2O9 thin film capacitors were fabricated on SrRuO3-buffered Pt(111)/Ti/Si(100) substrates by adopting a two-step fabrication process. This process combines a low-temperature sputtering deposition with a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to inhibit the grain growth, for the purposes of delaying the polarization saturation and reducing the ferroelectric hysteresis. By using this method, CaBi2Nb2O9 thin films with uniformly distributed nanograins were obtained, which display a large recyclable energy density Wrec ≈ 69 J/cm3 and a high energy efficiency η ≈ 82.4%. A superior fatigue-resistance (negligible energy performance degradation after 109 charge-discharge cycles) and a good thermal stability (from −170 to 150 °C) have also been achieved. This two-step method can be used to prepare other bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric film capacitors with enhanced energy storage performances.
Building panels from archives: the longitudinal representativity
Authors: Biffignandi Silvia , Zeli Alessandro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, starting from ASIA business register and from the related Events Register, the longitudinally persistency of core units of the abovementioned database is examined. The M&A events are considered. To evaluate the representativity of the longitudinal panel obtained using the proposed approach, the dataset is integrated with the financial reports database with reference to some relevant economic variables. Italian financial reports database includes annual reports transmitted (according to the law) to the local Chamber of Commerce (CC) by all limited firms. The annual reports are collected and checked by CC. The database includes around 700,000 firm financial reports every year. It represents a very rich and complete source of information, therefore in this study it is used as reference target population. The complete set of data is compared both to panel based on the M&A (Mergers and Acquisitions) events and to results related to a panel build up without reference to the M&A events. Comparative analyses are carried out for the representativeness of most important economic variables. Representativeness with respect to main economic variables is analyzed. Statistical analyses, broken down by specific categories, based mainly on R-indicators are performed.