bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac complications following mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines: A systematic review of case reports and case series
Authors: Fazlollahi Asra , Zahmatyar Mahdi , Noori Maryam , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Sullman Mark J. M. , Shekarriz‐Foumani Reza , Kolahi Ali‐Asghar , Singh Kuljit , Safiri Saeid 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere have been several local and systemic adverse events associated with mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines. Pericarditis, myocarditis and myocardial infarction are examples of cardiac complications related to these vaccines. In this article, we conducted a systematic review of case reports and case series to identify the clinical profile, investigations, and management of reported cardiac complications post‐mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as the medRxiv preprint server, with terms including: ‘SARS‐CoV‐2’, ‘COVID‐19’, ‘messenger RNA vaccine*’, ‘mRNA‐1273 vaccine’, ‘BNT162 vaccine’, ‘myocarditis’, ‘pericarditis’, ‘stroke’ and ‘Myocardial Ischemia’ up to 25 September 2021. Studies were excluded if they were not case reports or case series, or reported cases from non‐mRNA vaccines. Case reports and case series were included that investigated the potential cardiac complications associated with mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines. The JBI checklist was used to assess quality and data synthesis was conducted using a qualitative methodology called narrative synthesis. Sixty‐nine studies, including 43 case reports and 26 case series, were included. Myocarditis/myopericarditis and pericarditis were the most common adverse events among the 243 reported cardiac complications, post mRNA COVID‐19 vaccination. Males with a median age of 21 years had the highest frequency of myocarditis. Almost three quarters (74.4%) of cases with myocarditis had received the BNT162b2 vaccine and 87.7% had received the second dose of the vaccine. Chest pain (96.1%) and fever (38.2%) were the most common presentations. CK‐MB, troponin, and NT‐proBNP were elevated in 100%, 99.5% and 78.3% of subjects, respectively. ST‐segment abnormality was the most common electrocardiogram feature. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, which is the gold‐standard approach for diagnosing myocarditis, was abnormal in all patients diagnosed with myocarditis. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were the most prescribed medication for the management of myocarditis. Apart from inflammatory conditions, some rare cases of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, myocardial infarction with non‐obstructive coronary arteries, and isolated tachycardia were also reported following immunisation with mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines. We acknowledge that only reviewing case reports and case series studies is one potential limitation of our study. We found that myocarditis was the most commonly reported adverse cardiac event associated with mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines, which presented as chest pain with a rise in cardiac biomarkers. Further large‐scale observational studies are recommended.
Depressive symptom trajectory following romantic relationship breakup and effects of rumination, neuroticism and cognitive control
Authors: Verhallen Anne M. , Alonso‐Martínez Sonsoles , Renken Remco J. , Marsman Jan‐Bernard C. , ter Horst Gert J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStudying individuals who recently experienced a romantic reltionship breakup allows us to investigate mood disturbances in otherwise healthy individuals. In our study, we aimed to identify distinct depressive symptom trajectories following breakup and investigate whether these trajectories relate to personality traits and cognitive control. Subjects (n = 87) filled out questionnaires (RRS‐NL‐EXT trait rumination and NEO‐FFI neuroticism) and performed cognitive tasks (trail making test, Stroop task) during a period of 30 weeks. To identify distinct depressive symptom trajectories (‘trajectory groups’), we performed K‐means clustering on the consecutive (assessed every 2 weeks) Major Depression Inventory scores. This resulted in four trajectory groups; ‘resilience’, ‘fast recovery’, ‘slow recovery’ and ‘chronic distress’. The ‘slow recovery group’ and the ‘chronic distress group’ were found to have higher neuroticism and trait rumination levels compared to the ‘resilience group’, and the ‘chronic distress group’ also had higher neuroticism levels than the ‘fast recovery group’. Moreover, the ‘chronic distress group’ showed worse overall trail making test performance than the ‘resilience group’. Taken together, our findings show that distinct patterns of depressive symptom severity can be observed following breakup and that personality traits and cognitive flexibility seem to play a role in these depressive symptom patterns.
In Situ Synthesis of CuN4/Mesoporous N‐Doped Carbon for Selective Oxidative Crosscoupling of Terminal Alkynes under Mild Conditions
Authors: Zhang Yuanteng , Wu Yong , Su Yaqiong , Cao Yue , Liang Zhenjin , Yang Dali , Yu Ruohan , Zhang Dongchao , Wu Jinsong , Xiao Wei , Lei Aiwen , Gu Dong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe 1,3‐conjugated diynes are an important class of chemical intermediates, and the selective crosscoupling of terminal alkynes is an efficient chemical process for manufacturing asymmetrical 1,3‐conjugated diynes. However, it often occurs in homogenous conditions and costs a lot for reaction treatment. Herein, a copper catalyzed strategy is used to synthesize highly ordered mesoporous nitrogen‐doped carbon material (OMNC), and the copper species is in situ transformed into the copper single‐atom site with four nitrogen coordination (CuN4). These features make the CuN4/OMNC catalyst efficient for selective oxidative crosscoupling of terminal alkynes, and a wide range of asymmetrical and symmetrical 1,3‐diynes (26 examples) under mild conditions (40 °C) and low substrates ratio (1.3). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the aryl–alkyl crosscoupling has the lowest energy barrier on the CuN4 site, which can explain the high selectivity. In addition, the catalyst can be separated and reused by simply centrifugation or filtration. This work can open a facile avenue for constructing single‐atom loaded mesoporous materials to bridge homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis.
Shape Engineering of TiO2 Microrobots for “On‐the‐Fly” Optical Brake
Authors: Oral Cagatay M. , Ussia Martina , Yavuz Derya Kapusuz , Pumera Martin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHybrid microrobots have recently attracted attention due to their ability to combine different energy sources and/or external stimuli for propulsion and performing desired tasks. Despite progresses in the past, on‐demand speed modulation for hybrid microrobots has not been analyzed in detail. Herein, the influence of surface properties and crystallite size on the propulsion mechanism of Pt/TiO2 chemical/light‐driven hybrid microrobots is investigated. The morphology of urchin‐like Pt/TiO2 microrobots leads to “on‐the‐fly” optical brake behavior under UV irradiation. In contrast, smooth Pt/TiO2 microrobots demonstrate accelerated motion in the same conditions. The comparison between two types of microrobots also indicates the significance of a high surface area and a high crystallite size to increase their speed. The results demonstrate the profound impact of surface features for next‐generation smart micro/nanorobots with on‐demand reaction capability in dynamically changing environments.
Programmable Electrodeposition of Janus Alginate/Poly‐L‐Lysine/Alginate (APA) Microcapsules for High‐Resolution Cell Patterning and Compartmentalization
Authors: Liu Zeyang , Nan Haochen , Jiang Yike , Xu Tao , Gong Xiaohua , Hu Chengzhi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEncapsulation of live cells in protective, semipermeable microcapsules is one of the kernel techniques for in vitro tissue regeneration, cell therapies, and pharmaceutical screening. Advanced fabrication techniques for cell encapsulation have been developed to meet different requirements. Existing cell encapsulation techniques place substantial constraints on the spatial patterning of live cells as well as on the compartmentalization of heterotypic cells. Alginate‐Poly‐L‐lysine‐alginate (APA) microcapsules that use sodium alginate as the polyanion and poly‐L‐lysine (PLL) as the polycation have been extensively employed for cell microencapsulation due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study proposes a novel method for developing programmable Janus APA microcapsules with variable shapes and sizes by using electrodeposition. By the versatile design of the microelectrode device, sequential electrodeposition is triggered to electro‐address the cells at specific locations immobilized within a Janus APA microcapsule. The osteogenesis is evaluated by resembling cell compartmentalized and vascularized osteoblast‐laden constructs. This technique allows precise spatial patterning of heterotypic cells inside the APA microcapsule, enabling the observation of cellular growth, interactions, and differentiation in a well‐controlled chemical and mechanical microenvironment.
Diffusion Behaviors of Integrins in Single Cells Altered by Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Yuan Jing‐Wen , Zhang Yu‐Ning , Liu Yu‐Ru , Li Wei , Dou Shuo‐Xing , Wei Yan , Wang Peng‐Ye , Li Hui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCell morphology and migration depend critically on the adhesions on the extracellular matrix (ECM), determined by the transmembrane protein integrins. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a prominent transformation process in which adherent cells acquire a mesenchymal phenotype and a promoted migration. EMT plays important roles in embryonic development and cancer metastasis, and its hallmarks include the acquisition of front‐back cell polarity and loss of cell–cell contact. However, how integrins dynamically regulate cell‐ECM adhesions and cellular behaviors during EMT is still unclear. Using single‐particle tracking of β1‐integrins labeled with quantum dots, the temporal‐spatial on‐membrane dynamics of integrins in the EMT of MCF10A cells is revealed. β1‐integrins exhibit significantly enhanced dynamics, which temporally behave more diffusive and less immobilized, and spatially become distributed asymmetrically with front regions being more dynamic. These dynamic alterations are shown to arise from microtubule remodeling in EMT. The results shed new light on the EMT mechanism from the cell‐ECM adhesion perspective, and suggest that the enhanced integrin diffusion may represent as a new hallmark of EMT.
Chemical Buffer Layer Enabled Highly Reversible Zn Anode for Deeply Discharging and Long‐Life Zn–Air Battery
Authors: Sun Wei , Ma Manman , Zhu Maogen , Xu Kangli , Xu Tao , Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRechargeable alkaline Zn–air batteries (ZABs) are attracting extensive attention owing to their high energy density and environmental friendliness. However, the dilemma of Zn anode, composed of ineluctable passivation and dissolution problems, severely hinders the discharge and cycling performance of the battery. Herein, the authors propose a chemical buffer layer coated on Zn metal (CBL@Zn) anode, in which ZnO nanorods are uniformly dispersed in graphene oxide (GO), to improve the reversibility of Zn↔ZnO electrochemical conversion process. Benefiting from the cooperative effect of ZnO nanorods’ nuclei role and GO's adsorption affinity, the electrochemical precipitation–dissolution behavior of insulated ZnO is chemically regulated and the Zn(OH)42− ions are effectively confined in the chemical buffer layer. Therefore, the symmetrical CBL@Zn‐CBL@Zn coin cell achieves a superior stability of 100 cycles with quite low overpotential (30 mv). When paired with commercial catalysts to assemble alkaline ZABs for practical use, an ultra high depth of discharge (DODZn) >98% and excellent 450‐h long‐term cycling performance are realized. This chemical buffer strategy can potentially provide a new insight for developing other highly reversible alkaline Zn‐metal batteries.
Analysis of multi‐omics data on the relationship between epigenetic changes and nervous system disorders caused by exposure to environmentally harmful substances
Authors: Yu So Yeon , Koh Eun Jung , Kim Seung Hwan , Song Byeongwook , Lee Ji Su , Son Sang Wook , Seo Hyemyung , Hwang Seung Yong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEnvironmentally hazardous substances and exposure to these can cause various diseases. Volatile organic compounds can easily evaporate into the atmosphere, thereby exerting toxic effects through either the skin or respiratory tract exposures. Toluene, a neurotoxin, has been widely used in various industries. However, it has a detrimental effect on the nervous system (such as hallucinations or memory impairment), while data on the mechanism underlaying its harmful effects remain limited. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of toluene on the nervous system via epigenetic and genetic changes of toluene‐exposed individuals. We identified significant epigenetic changes and confirmed that the affected abnormally expressed genes negatively influenced the nervous system. In particular, we confirmed that the miR‐15 family, upregulated by toluene, downregulated ABL2, which could affect the R as signaling pathway resulting in neuronal structural abnormalities. Our study suggests that miR‐15a‐5p, miR‐15b‐5p, miR‐16‐5p, miR‐301a‐3p, and lncRNA NEAT1 may represent effective epigenomic markers associated with neurodegenerative diseases caused by toluene.
Computationally efficient model predictive control of complex wind turbine models
Authors: Evans Martin A. , Lio Wai Hou 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs wind turbines are designed with longer blades and towers, it becomes increasingly important to factor structural modes into the design of the controller. In classical turbine controllers, where pitch‐speed, torque‐speed, drivetrain and tower dampers are designed separately, it has for years been commonplace to base that design on a linearisation of the existing high‐fidelity aeroelastic model. Furthermore, any measurement filters that are required at run‐time are included in the control loop shaping process. In contrast, most previous work on model predictive control (MPC) for wind turbines uses simplified models and ignores the need or effect of measurement filters. In this work, we demonstrate a mostly automatic design process that takes a detailed linearised model from an aeroelastic simulation package and adds linear filters and feedback, to produce a model predictive controller with low run‐time computational complexity. The tuning process is substantially simpler than classical control, making it an attractive tool in industrial applications.
Azimuthal correlations in photoproduction and deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA
Authors:   The ZEUS collaboration, Abt I. , Aggarwal R. , Aushev V. , Behnke O. , Bertolin A. , Bloch I. , Brock I. , Brook N. H. , Brugnera R. , Bruni A. , Bussey P. J. , Caldwell A. , Catterall C. D. , Chwastowski J. , Ciborowski J. , Ciesielski R. , Cooper-Sarkar A. M. , Corradi M. , Dementiev R. K. , Dusini S. , Ferrando J. , Floerchinger S. , Foster B. , Gallo E. , Gangadharan D. , Garfagnini A. , Geiser A. , Gladilin L. K. , Golubkov Yu. A. , Grzelak G. , Gwenlan C. , Hochman D. , Jomhari N. Z. , Kadenko I. , Karshon U. , Kaur P. , Klanner R. , Klein U. , Korzhavina I. A. , Kovalchuk N. , Kuze M. , Levchenko B. B. , Levy A. , Löhr B. , Lohrmann E. , Longhin A. , Lorkowski F. , Lukina O. Yu. , Makarenko I. , Malka J. , Masciocchi S. , Nagano K. , Nam J. D. , Onderwaater J. , Onishchuk Yu. , Paul E. , Pidhurskyi I. , Polini A. , Przybycień M. , Quintero A. , Ruspa M. , Schneekloth U. , Schörner-Sadenius T. , Selyuzhenkov I. , Shchedrolosiev M. , Shcheglova L. M. , Skillicorn I. O. , Słomiński W. , Solano A. , Stanco L. , Stefaniuk N. , Surrow B. , Tokushuku K. , Turkot O. , Tymieniecka T. , Verbytskyi A. , Wan Abdullah W. A. T. , Wichmann K. , Wing M. , Yamada S. , Yamazaki Y. , Żarnecki A. F. , Zenaiev O. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Collective behaviour of final-state hadrons, and multiparton interactions are studied in high-multiplicity ep scattering at a centre-of-mass energy $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 318 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Two- and four-particle azimuthal correlations, as well as multiplicity, transverse momentum, and pseudorapidity distributions for charged-particle multiplicities Nch ≥ 20 are measured. The dependence of two-particle correlations on the virtuality of the exchanged photon shows a clear transition from photoproduction to neutral current deep inelastic scattering. For the multiplicities studied, neither the measurements in photoproduction processes nor those in neutral current deep inelastic scattering indicate significant collective behaviour of the kind observed in high-multiplicity hadronic collisions at RHIC and the LHC. Comparisons of PYTHIA predictions with the measurements in photoproduction strongly indicate the presence of multiparton interactions from hadronic fluctuations of the exchanged photon.
Batalin-Vilkovisky formality for Chern-Simons theory
Authors: Getzler Ezra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We prove that the differential graded Lie algebra of functionals associated to the Chern-Simons theory of a semisimple Lie algebra is homotopy abelian. For a general field theory, we show that the variational complex in the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism is a differential graded Lie algebra.
Higher-spin states of the superstring in an electromagnetic background
Authors: Benakli Karim , Berkovits Nathan , Daniel Cassiano A. , Lize Matheus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Constructing a consistent four-dimensional Lagrangian for charged massive higher-spin fields propagating in an electromagnetic background is an open problem. In 1989, Argyres and Nappi used bosonic open string field theory to construct a Lagrangian for charged massive spin-2 fields in a constant electromagnetic background. In this paper, we use the four-dimensional hybrid formalism for open superstring field theory to construct a supersymmetric Lagrangian for charged massive spin-2 and spin-3/2 fields in a constant electromagnetic background. The hybrid formalism has the advantage over the RNS formalism of manifest $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 d=4 spacetime supersymmetry so that the spin-2 and spin-3/2 fields are combined into a single superfield and there is no need for picture-changing or spin fields.
Non-relativistic ten-dimensional minimal supergravity
Authors: Bergshoeff E. A. , Lahnsteiner J. , Romano L. , Rosseel J. , Şimşek C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe construct a non-relativistic limit of ten-dimensional$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 supergravity from the point of view of the symmetries, the action, and the equations of motion. This limit can only be realized in a supersymmetric way provided we impose by hand a set of geometric constraints, invariant under all the symmetries of the non-relativistic theory, that define a so-called ‘self-dual’ Dilatation-invariant String Newton-Cartan geometry. The non-relativistic action exhibits three emerging symmetries: one local scale symmetry and two local conformal supersymmetries. Due to these emerging symmetries the Poisson equation for the Newton potential and two partner fermionic equations do not follow from a variation of the non-relativistic action but, instead, are obtained by a supersymmetry variation of the other equations of motion that do follow from a variation of the non-relativistic action. We shortly discuss the inclusion of the Yang-Mills sector that would lead to a non-relativistic heterotic supergravity action.
Oxidative stress and Rho GTPases in the biogenesis of tunnelling nanotubes: implications in disease and therapy
Authors: Raghavan Abinaya , Rao Pooja , Neuzil Jiri , Pountney Dean L. , Nath Sangeeta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTunnelling nanotubes (TNTs) are an emerging route of long-range intercellular communication that mediate cell-to-cell exchange of cargo and organelles and contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis by balancing diverse cellular stresses. Besides their role in intercellular communication, TNTs are implicated in several ways in health and disease. Transfer of pathogenic molecules or structures via TNTs can promote the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer malignancy, and the spread of viral infection. Additionally, TNTs contribute to acquiring resistance to cancer therapy, probably via their ability to rescue cells by ameliorating various pathological stresses, such as oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic stress. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells play a crucial role in the rejuvenation of targeted cells with mitochondrial heteroplasmy and oxidative stress by transferring healthy mitochondria through TNTs. Recent research has focussed on uncovering the key regulatory molecules involved in the biogenesis of TNTs. However further work will be required to provide detailed understanding of TNT regulation. In this review, we discuss possible associations with Rho GTPases linked to oxidative stress and apoptotic signals in biogenesis pathways of TNTs and summarize how intercellular trafficking of cargo and organelles, including mitochondria, via TNTs plays a crucial role in disease progression and also in rejuvenation/therapy.
Optimal design for disc golf by computational fluid dynamics and machine learning
Authors: Immonen Eero 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, we introduce a computational methodology for golf disc shape optimization that employs a novel disc shape parameterization by cubic B-splines. Through application of batch Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations and Machine Learning, the disc parameterization yields functional relationships—so-called shape surrogate models—between the flying rotating disc shape and its flight characteristics. The shape surrogate models facilitate free and constrained optimization in both single- and multiobjective settings, such that both aerodynamic (drag and lift) and structural (mass and moment of inertia) features of the disc are addressed simultaneously. Further, the Professional Disc Golf Association rules for permissible golf discs can be cast as nonlinear constraints for the computational optimization problem. The proposed numerical optimization method yields disc drag coefficient values as low as 0.48 (unconstrained) and 0.52 (constrained) and lift coefficient values as high as 0.26 (unconstrained) and 0.19 (constrained). The presented numerical optimization results also describe the many design tradeoffs between the discs that target long flight range (so-called drivers) and the discs that target flight at low speeds (so-called putters). Moreover, novel optimal rule compliant designs are presented for driver-type and putter-type discs, as well as their compromise, the so-called mid-range discs.