bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voruntersuchungen zur Einsetzbarkeit des Walzprofilierens zur Herstellung bistabiler dünner Bleche
Authors: Pavliuchenko P. , Teller M. , Hirt G. 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungBistabile Bleche verfügen aufgrund der über Umformprozesse eingebrachten Eigenspannungen über zwei stabile Strukturen: Im Transportzustand können sie platzsparend transportiert werden, bevor sie am Einsatzort in eine gestreckte Form entfaltet werden. Die gestreckte Form weißt eine größere Stabilität auf, wenn sie vollständig geschlossen bzw. rohrförmig ist. Da für die Erreichung bistabiler Eigenschaften Bleche mit einer hohen Streckgrenze und geringer Dicke genutzt werden müssen, werden häufig inkrementelle Umformverfahren bei der Herstellung eingesetzt. Obwohl ein inkrementelles Biegen über zwei orthogonale Achsen bereits die Herstellung vollständig geschlossener bistabiler Bleche von hoher Qualität ermöglicht, ist es als nachteilig zu bewerten, dass die maximale Größe einer solchen Struktur durch die Gesenkbreite begrenzt wird. Ziel dieses Artikels ist daher die Untersuchung des Walzprofilierens als alternatives Umformverfahren zur Herstellung bistabiler Blechstrukturen mit nahezu beliebiger Länge. Es werden Ergebnisse mit einem vereinfachten Ersatzmodell präsentiert, sodass der Einfluss der Walzdurchläufe auf die erreichbaren Krümmungsradien vorab simulativ abgeschätzt werden kann. Anschließend werden Walzprofilierversuche an vorab unverformten Blechen und an Blechen mit vorheriger inkrementeller Biegung präsentiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass durch eine Kombination von inkrementellem Biegen (1. Umformschritt) und anschließendem Walzprofilieren (2. Umformschritt) bistabile Blechstrukturen erzeugt werden können. Die erreichbaren Krümmungsradien hängen von den durchgeführten Walzdurchläufen bzw. dem Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Walzbahnen ab. Es wird somit eine neue Prozessroute zur Herstellung von bistabilen Blechstrukturen mit nahezu beliebiger Länge präsentiert.
T stage-dependent lymph node and distant metastasis and the accuracy of lymph node assessment in rectal cancer
Authors: Ptok Henry , Meyer Frank , Croner Roland S. , Gastinger Ingo , Garlipp Benjamin 
Published: May 2021

Summary
Objective
To analyze data obtained in a representative number of patients with primary rectal cancer with respect to lymph node diagnostics and related tumor stages.

Methods
In pT2-, pT3-, and pT4 rectal cancer lesions, the impact of investigated lymph nodes on the frequency of pN+ status, the cumulative risk of metachronous distant metastases, and overall survival was studied by means of a prospective multicenter observational study over a defined period of time.

Results
From 2000 to 2011, the proportion of surgical specimens with ≥ 12 investigated lymph nodes increased significantly, from 73.6% to 93.2% (p < 0.001; the number of investigated lymph nodes from 16.2 to 20.8; p < 0.001). Despite this, the percentage of pN+ rectal cancer lesions varied only non-significantly (39.9% to 45.9%; p = 0.130; median, 44.1%). For pT2-, pT3-, and pT4 rectal cancer lesions, there was an increasing proportion of pN+ findings correlating significantly with the number of investigated lymph nodes up to n = 12 investigated lymph nodes. Only in pT3 rectal cancer was there a significant increase in pN+ findings in case of > 12 lymph nodes (p = 0.001), but not in pT2 (p = 0.655) and pT4 cancer lesions (p = 0.256). For pT3pN0cM0 rectal cancer, the risk of metachronous distant metastases and overall survival did not depend on the number of investigated lymph nodes.

Conclusion
In rectal cancer, at least n = 12 lymph nodes are to be minimally investigated. The investigation of fewer lymph nodes is associated with a higher risk of false-negative pN0 findings. In particular, in pT3 rectal cancer, the investigation of more than 12 lymph nodes lowers the risk of false-negative pN0 findings. An upstaging effect by the investigation of a possibly maximal number of lymph nodes could not be detected.
Shannon Entropy Rate of Hidden Markov Processes
Authors: Jurgens Alexandra M. , Crutchfield James P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHidden Markov chains are widely applied statistical models of stochastic processes, from fundamental physics and chemistry to finance, health, and artificial intelligence. The hidden Markov processes they generate are notoriously complicated, however, even if the chain is finite state: no finite expression for their Shannon entropy rate exists, as the set of their predictive features is generically infinite. As such, to date one cannot make general statements about how random they are nor how structured. Here, we address the first part of this challenge by showing how to efficiently and accurately calculate their entropy rates. We also show how this method gives the minimal set of infinite predictive features. A sequel addresses the challenge’s second part on structure.
Energy efficient cutting parameter optimization
Authors: Chen Xingzheng , Li Congbo , Tang Ying , Li Li , Li Hongcheng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMechanical manufacturing industry consumes substantial energy with low energy efficiency. Increasing pressures from energy price and environmental directive force mechanical manufacturing industries to implement energy efficient technologies for reducing energy consumption and improving energy efficiency of their machining processes. In a practical machining process, cutting parameters are vital variables set by manufacturers in accordance with machining requirements of workpiece and machining condition. Proper selection of cutting parameters with energy consideration can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency of the machining process. Over the past 10 years, many researchers have been engaged in energy efficient cutting parameter optimization, and a large amount of literature have been published. This paper conducts a comprehensive literature review of current studies on energy efficient cutting parameter optimization to fully understand the recent advances in this research area. The energy consumption characteristics of machining process are analyzed by decomposing total energy consumption into electrical energy consumption of machine tool and embodied energy of cutting tool and cutting fluid. Current studies on energy efficient cutting parameter optimization by using experimental design method and energy models are reviewed in a comprehensive manner. Combined with the current status, future research directions of energy efficient cutting parameter optimization are presented.
Quantification of Classified Nickel Species in Spent FFC Catalysts
Authors: Dapiaggi Monica , Alloni Marco , Carli Riccardo , Rotiroti Nicola , Confalonieri Giorgia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a quick method for the quantification of nickel species in spent FFC catalysts; the quantification of known quantities NiO and $$\hbox{NiAl}_2\hbox{O}_{4}$$

NiAl
2

O
4

is first done in a matrix of fresh zeolite Y, and then in a complex matrix, similar to the one of a real spent catalyst. The method is carefully checked and the errors in the quantification are critically evaluated. After the validation of the method with known quantities of NiO, well below the law limit for direct re-use, a set of real spent catalysts (representative of a period of 12 months) is analysed.

Graphic Abstract
Growth, yield components, and yield response of food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to the application of sulfur nutrient under balanced fertilization at North Central Highland of Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Shawl , Shewangizaw Beza , Yassin Kenzemed Kassie , Getaneh Lisanu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDeficiency of sulfur (S) is increasingly being reported in the soils of Ethiopia. While some studies have shown significant response of barley to S application, information on the response of barley to S application is conspicuously lacking. The average yield of barley in Ethiopia is lower compared to the world and potential yield. It is mostly constrained by the depletion of soil fertility, caused by imbalanced fertilization, limited application of organic manure, intensive cropping. A field experiment was conducted at two locations for three consecutive years (2014–2016) to determine the effect of S on growth, yield components, and yield of food barley. An experiment consisting of six levels S (0, 10, 20,30,40, and 50 kg ha−1) laid out in RCB design with three replications. The study results revealed that growth and yield components of barley were not affected by various levels of S. In the case of barley grain and straw yield was significantly affected by S levels compared to control treatment. Application of S at 20 kg ha−1 increased grain and straw yield of food barley by 16.8 and 20.2% compared to control, respectively. Application of 20 kg S ha−1 produced the highest marginal rate of return (MMR) (3493.2%). The present result revealed that barley yield has been improved by the application of S fertilizer. Therefore, the application of 20 kg S ha−1 is initiate to be the further most economically feasible treatment for food barley production in the Basona woreba district.
Vascular Sema3E-Plexin-D1 Signaling Reactivation Promotes Post-stroke Recovery through VEGF Downregulation in Mice
Authors: Yu Ri , Kim Nam-Suk , Li Yan , Jeong Jin-Young , Park Sang-Joon , Zhou Bin , Oh Won-Jong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPost-stroke vascular remodeling, including angiogenesis, facilitates functional recovery. Proper vascular repair is important for efficient post-stroke recovery; however, the underlying mechanisms coordinating the diverse signaling pathways involved in vascular remodeling remain largely unknown. Recently, axon guidance molecules were revealed as key players in injured vessel remodeling. One such molecule, Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), and its receptor, Plexin-D1, control vascular development by regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. In this study, using a mouse model of transient brain infarction, we aimed to investigate whether Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling was involved in cerebrovascular remodeling after ischemic injury. We found that ischemic damage rapidly induced Sema3e expression in the neurons of peri-infarct regions, followed by Plexin-D1 upregulation in remodeling vessels. Interestingly, Plexin-D1 reemergence was concurrent with brain vessels entering an active angiogenic process. In line with this, Plxnd1 ablation worsened neurological deficits, infarct volume, neuronal survival rate, and blood flow recovery. Furthermore, reduced and abnormal vascular morphogenesis was caused by aberrantly increased VEGF signaling. In Plxnd1 knockout mice, we observed significant extravasation of intravenously administered tracers in the brain parenchyma, junctional protein downregulation, and mislocalization in regenerating vessels. This suggested that the absence of Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling is associated with blood–brain barrier (BBB) impairment. Finally, the abnormal behavioral performance, aberrant vascular phenotype, and BBB breakdown defects in Plxnd1 knockout mice were restored following the inhibition of VEGF signaling during vascular remodeling. These findings demonstrate that Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling can promote functional recovery by downregulating VEGF signaling in the injured adult brain.
Clinical characteristics of Polish patients with molecularly confirmed Mowat-Wilson syndrome
Authors: Jakubiak Aleksandra , Szczałuba Krzysztof , Badura-Stronka Magdalena , Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak Anna , Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk Anna , Chilarska Tatiana , Pilch Jacek , Braun-Walicka Natalia , Castaneda Jennifer , Wołyńska Katarzyna , Wiśniewska Marzena , Kugaudo Monika , Bielecka Monika , Pesz Karolina , Wierzba Jolanta , Latos-Bieleńska Anna , Obersztyn Ewa , Krajewska-Walasek Małgorzata , Śmigiel Robert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMowat-Wilson syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the ZEB2 gene, intragenic deletions of the ZEB2 gene, and microdeletions in the critical chromosomal region 2q22-23, where the ZEB2 gene is located. Mowat-Wilson syndrome is characterized by typical facial features that change with the age, severe developmental delay with intellectual disability, and multiple congenital abnormalities. The authors describe the clinical and genetic aspects of 28th patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome diagnosed in Poland. Characteristic dysmorphic features, psychomotor retardation, intellectual disability, and congenital anomalies were present in all cases. The incidence of most common congenital anomalies (heart defect, Hirschsprung disease, brain defects) was similar to presented in literature. Epilepsy was less common compared to previously reported cases. Although the spectrum of disorders in patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome is wide, knowledge of characteristic dysmorphic features awareness of accompanying abnormalities, especially intellectual disability, improves detection of the syndrome.
E-FUCA: enhancement in fuzzy unequal clustering and routing for sustainable wireless sensor network
Authors: Mehra Pawan Singh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith huge cheap micro-sensing devices deployed, wireless sensor network (WSN) gathers information from the region and delivers it to the base station (BS) for further decision. The hotspot problem occurs when cluster head (CH) nearer to BS may die prematurely due to uneven energy depletion resulting in partitioning the network. To overcome the issue of hotspot or energy hole, unequal clustering is used where variable size clusters are formed. Motivated from the aforesaid discussion, we propose an enhanced fuzzy unequal clustering and routing protocol (E-FUCA) where vital parameters are considered during CH candidate selection, and intelligent decision using fuzzy logic (FL) is taken by non-CH nodes during the selection of their CH for the formation of clusters. To further extend the lifetime, we have used FL for the next-hop choice for efficient routing. We have conducted the simulation experiments for four scenarios and compared the propound protocol’s performance with recent similar protocols. The experimental results validate the improved performance of E-FUCA with its comparative in respect of better lifetime, protracted stability period, and enhanced average energy.
Folic Acid Self-Assembly Enabling Manganese Single-Atom Electrocatalyst for Selective Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Wang Xuewan , Wu Dan , Liu Suyun , Zhang Jiujun , Fu Xian-Zhu , Luo Jing-Li 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEfficient and robust single-atom catalysts (SACs) based on cheap and earth-abundant elements are highly desirable for electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia (NRR) under ambient conditions. Herein, for the first time, a Mn–N–C SAC consisting of isolated manganese atomic sites on ultrathin carbon nanosheets is developed via a template-free folic acid self-assembly strategy. The spontaneous molecular partial dissociation enables a facile fabrication process without being plagued by metal atom aggregation. Thanks to well-exposed atomic Mn active sites anchored on two-dimensional conductive carbon matrix, the catalyst exhibits excellent activity for NRR with high activity and selectivity, achieving a high Faradaic efficiency of 32.02% for ammonia synthesis at  − 0.45 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Density functional theory calculations unveil the crucial role of atomic Mn sites in promoting N2 adsorption, activation and selective reduction to NH3 by the distal mechanism. This work provides a simple synthesis process for Mn–N–C SAC and a good platform for understanding the structure-activity relationship of atomic Mn sites.
Graphic Abstract
Religious and conspiracist? An analysis of the relationship between the dimensions of individual religiosity and belief in a big pharma conspiracy theory
Authors: Ladini Riccardo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the increasing scholars' attention to factors associated with conspiracy beliefs, religiosity has been under-investigated, at least in empirical research. This study aims to address the issue by analysing to what extent and in which forms individual religiosity is associated with conspiracy beliefs. Religion and conspiracy theories could show both similarities and dissimilarities. First, as alternative religiosity and conspiracy theories tend to spread knowledge stigmatized by the authorities, we expect that alternative religious beliefs are positively associated with conspiracy beliefs. Second, as religion and conspiracy theories explain events with the agency of invisible forces and detect patterns in nature, also conventional religious beliefs are supposed to be positively associated with conspiracy beliefs. Third, church attendance is hypothesized to discourage conspiracy beliefs, as exposure to religious authorities could deter the adhesion to unofficial narratives. By employing data coming from the Italian joint edition of the European Values Study–World Values Survey 2018, the paper tests the hypotheses by analysing the association between the multiple dimensions of individual religiosity and belief in a conspiracy theory on pharmaceutical companies. Results show that, after controlling for confidence in political and religious institutions and attitudes towards science, only alternative religious beliefs, here measured by belief in the reincarnation, are positively associated with belief in the big pharma conspiracy theory. Empirical evidence suggests taking caution when looking at similarities between conventional religiosity and conspiracy beliefs.
Use of a sternocleidomastoid muscle flap to protect the carotid artery during laryngectomy
Authors: Fleming J C , Fuson A R , Jeyarajan H , Thomas C M , Greene B 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis paper describes a simple method of securing tissue coverage of the great vessels at the initial surgery by rotating the divided sternal heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, a routine step during laryngectomy, and approximating them to the prevertebral fascia. The paper presents an illustrated case example where this technique in a salvage laryngectomy repair resulted in a protected vascular axis following a salivary leak.ResultsSince utilising this technique, there has been a marked reduction in the requirement of subsequent flap procedures to protect vessels, and no episodes of threatened or actual carotid blowout.
Study quality and efficacy of psychological interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Morina Nexhmedin , Hoppen Thole H. , Kip Ahlke 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundResearch indicates that higher study quality may be associated with smaller treatment effects. Yet, knowledge about the association between study quality and treatment efficacy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is limited. We aimed at evaluating the efficacy of psychological interventions for adult PTSD and the association between study quality and treatment effects.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy of psychological interventions for chronic PTSD symptoms in adult samples with at least 70% of patients being diagnosed with PTSD by means of a structured interview. We assessed study quality using the following eight criteria from prior research: N ⩾ 50, all patients met criteria for PTSD, a treatment manual was used, therapists were trained, treatment integrity was checked, intent-to-treat analyses were applied, randomization was conducted by an independent party, and treatment outcome was conducted by blind assessors.ResultsThe search resulted in 136 RCTs with 8978 patients. Active treatment conditions were largely effective in reducing PTSD symptoms at posttreatment and follow-up (Hedges' g = 1.09 and 0.81, respectively) when compared to passive control conditions. The comparison to active control conditions at posttreatment and follow-up resulted in medium effect sizes. A total of 14 trials met all study quality criteria and these trials produced large effect sizes when compared to passive control conditions at posttreatment and follow-up.ConclusionsOverall, study quality was not significantly associated with effect size. The findings indicate that psychological interventions can effectively reduce PTSD symptoms irrespective of study quality.
Augmented reality for maritime navigation data visualisation: a systematic review, issues and perspectives
Authors: Laera Francesco , Fiorentino Michele , Evangelista Alessandro , Boccaccio Antonio , Manghisi Vito M. , Gabbard Joseph , Gattullo Michele , Uva Antonio E. , Foglia Mario M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the use of augmented reality technology (AR) in the field of maritime navigation and how researchers and designers have addressed AR data visualisation. The paper presents a systematic review analysing the publication type, the AR device, which information elements are visualised and how, the validation method and technological readiness. Eleven AR maritime solutions identified from scientific papers are studied and discussed in relation to previous navigation tools. It is found that primitive information such as course, compass degrees, boat speed and geographic coordinates continue to be fundamental information to be represented even with AR maritime solutions.
Dynamic functional connectivity and its anatomical substrate reveal treatment outcome in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Zhuo Kaiming , Xiang Qiang , Sun Yi , Suckling John , Wang Jinhong , Liu Dengtang , Sun Yu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractConvergent evidence has suggested a significant effect of antipsychotic exposure on brain structure and function in patients with schizophrenia, yet the characteristics of favorable treatment outcome remains largely unknown. In this work, we aimed to examine how large-scale brain networks are modulated by antipsychotic treatment, and whether the longitudinal changes could track the improvements of psychopathologic scores. Thirty-four patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia and 28 matched healthy controls were recruited at baseline from Shanghai Mental Health Center. After 8 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, 24 patients were re-scanned. Through a systematical dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis, we investigated the schizophrenia-related intrinsic alterations of dFC at baseline, followed by a longitudinal study to examine the influence of antipsychotic treatment on these abnormalities by comparing patients at baseline and follow-up. A structural connectivity (SC) association analysis was further carried out to investigate longitudinal anatomical changes that underpin the alterations of dFC. We found a significant symptomatic improvement-related increase in the occurrence of a dFC state characterized by stronger inter-network integration. Furthermore, symptom reduction was correlated with increased FC variability in a unique connectomic signature, particularly in the connections within the default mode network and between the auditory, cognitive control, and cerebellar network to other networks. Additionally, we observed that the SC between the superior frontal gyrus and medial prefrontal cortex was decreased after treatment, suggesting a relaxation of normal constraints on dFC. Taken together, these findings provide new evidence to extend the dysconnectivity hypothesis in schizophrenia from static to dynamic brain network. Moreover, our identified neuroimaging markers tied to the neurobiology of schizophrenia could be used as potential indicators in predicting the treatment outcome of antipsychotics.