bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a Cancer Prevention Collaborative Goal-Setting Mobile App for Non-Hispanic Black Primary Care Patients: An Iterative, Qualitative Patient-Led Process
Authors: Resnick Daniel , Kearney Matthew D , Smith Jazmine M , Bautista Allison , Jones Liz , Schapira Marilyn M , Aysola Jaya 
Published: December 2021

Background
There remains a need to engage at-risk primary care populations in cancer prevention behaviors, yet primary care physicians often lack the time or resources to discuss these behaviors with their patients.

Objective
The objective of this study is to evaluate the content, usability, and acceptability of a mobile app that leverages insights from goal-setting and social network literature to facilitate cancer prevention goal setting, tracking, and sharing between non-Hispanic Black primary care patients and their social ties.

Methods
We recruited eligible non-Hispanic Black primary care patients (aged ≥18 years) from 2 practice sites in West Philadelphia, using nonprobabilistic purposive sampling. We conducted semistructured interviews with 5 to 7 participants over 3 weeks to solicit feedback on paper mock-ups of the app, iteratively adapting these mock-ups after each set of interviews. Thereafter, and informed by initial feedback, we created an electronic beta version of the app and sought acceptability and usability feedback from a different set of participants. Then, we conducted content analysis of all user responses to search for unifying themes on acceptability and usability of both the initial mock-ups and beta version of the app. We further assessed app usability using questions derived from the System Usability Scale.

Results
A total of 33 non-Hispanic Black primary care patients participated in this study. The mean age was 49 (SD 13) years, and 26 (79%) out of 33 participants identified as female. Semistructured interviews revealed three primary generalizable insights from our target population: the framing of each goal and its relevance to cancer impacted the likelihood that the goal would be chosen, participants thought that sharing health goals with others facilitates health behaviors, and most participants found it motivating to see other users’ goal progress, while still collaborating with these users on their health goals. An overarching insight that permeated across each theme was the participants’ desire to customize and personalize the app. Usability testing revealed that 100% (33/33) of participants found the app easy to use, and 76% (25/33) of participants reported that they would like to use this app frequently.

Conclusions
Cancer prevention in the modern era must include options that are accessible to all, but this does not mean that all options must be universal. This study’s iterative process led to the development of a cancer prevention mobile app that non-Hispanic Black primary care patients deemed usable and acceptable and yielded noteworthy insights about what intended end users value in setting and accomplishing health goals.
A Smartphone-Based Intervention as an Adjunct to Standard-of-Care Treatment for Schizophrenia: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghaemi S Nassir , Sverdlov Oleksandr , van Dam Joris , Campellone Timothy , Gerwien Robert 
Published: December 2021

Background
Antipsychotic medications have limited benefits in schizophrenia, and cognitive behavioral therapy may be beneficial as an adjunct. There may be potential for implementing mobile cognitive behavioral therapy–based treatment for schizophrenia in addition to standard antipsychotic medications.

Objective
This study aims to determine whether PEAR-004, a smartphone-based investigational digital therapeutic, improves the symptoms of an acute psychotic exacerbation of schizophrenia when it is added to standard treatments.

Methods
This was a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled, rater-blinded, parallel group proof‑of‑concept study of 112 participants with moderate acute psychotic exacerbation in schizophrenia. This study was conducted in 6 clinical trial research sites in the United States from December 2018 to September 2019. The primary outcome, change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) from baseline to week 12 or the last available visit, was analyzed using the mixed-effects regression model for repeated measures, applied to an intent-to-treat sample.

Results
The total PANSS scores slightly decreased from baseline over the study period in both groups; the treatment difference at day 85 between PEAR-004 and sham was 2.7 points, in favor of the sham (2-sided P=.09). The secondary scales found no benefit, except for transient improvement in depressive symptoms with PEAR-004. Application engagement was good, and patient and clinical investigator satisfaction was high. No safety concerns were observed. There was some evidence of study site heterogeneity for the onboarding processes and directions on PEAR-004 product use at baseline and throughout the study. However, these differences did not affect the efficacy results.

Conclusions
In the largest-to-date randomized, sham-controlled study of a digital therapeutic in schizophrenia, PEAR-004 did not demonstrate an effect on the primary outcome—total PANSS scores—when compared with a nonspecific digital sham control. The secondary and exploratory results also did not demonstrate any notable benefits, except for possible temporary improvement in depressive symptoms. This study provided many useful scientific and operational insights that can be used in the further clinical development of PEAR-004 and other investigational digital therapeutics.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03751280; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03751280
A Patient-Reported Outcome Tool to Triage Total Hip Arthroplasty Patients to Hospital or Video Consultation: Pilot Study With Expert Panels and a Cohort of 1228 Patients
Authors: Pronk Yvette , Pilot Peter , van der Weegen Walter , Brinkman Justus-Martijn , Schreurs Berend Willem 
Published: December 2021

Background
The digital transformation in health care has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Video consultation has become the alternative for hospital consultation. It remains unknown how to select patients suitable for video consultation.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a tool based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to triage total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients to hospital or video consultation.

Methods
A pilot study with expert panels and a retrospective cohort with prospectively collected data from 1228 THA patients was executed. The primary outcome was a PRO triage tool to allocate THA patients to hospital or video consultation 6 weeks postoperatively. Expert panels defined the criteria and selected the patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) questions including thresholds. Data were divided into training and test cohorts. Distribution, floor effect, correlation, responsiveness, PRO patient journey, and homogeneity of the selected questions were investigated in the training cohort. The test cohort was used to provide an unbiased evaluation of the final triage tool.

Results
The expert panels selected moderate or severe pain and using 2 crutches as the triage tool criteria. PROM questions included in the final triage tool were numeric rating scale (NRS) pain during activity, 3-level version of the EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-3L) questions 1 and 4, and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) questions 6, 8, and 12. Of the training cohort, 201 (201/703, 28.6%) patients needed a hospital consultation, which was statistically equal to the 150 (150/463, 32.4%) patients in the test cohort who needed a hospital consultation (P=.19).

Conclusions
A PRO triage tool based on moderate or severe pain and using 2 crutches was developed. Around 70% of THA patients could safely have a video consultation, and 30% needed a hospital consultation 6 weeks postoperatively. This tool is promising for selecting patients for video consultation while using an existing PROM infrastructure.
Sexual Partner Referral for HIV Testing Through Social Networking Platforms: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chiou Piao-Yi , Hung Chien-Ching , Chen Chien-Yu 
Published: December 2021

Background
Men who have sex with men (MSM) who undergo voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) often report condomless anal sexual intercourse, having many sexual partners, and being exposed to risky sexual networks. Limited research has discussed the application of motivational interviewing and convenience referral platforms to facilitate the referral of sexual partners for HIV testing among MSM.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of VCT referral by sexual partners through social networking platforms and the test results after elicited interviews with MSM; compare the characteristics and risk behaviors among MSM tested without referral, index subjects, and referred sexual partners; and explore unknown sexual affiliations through visualizing and quantifying the social network graph.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit index subjects from a community HIV screening station frequented by MSM in Taipei City on Friday and Saturday nights. Respondent-driven sampling was used to recruit sexual partners. Partner-elicited interviews were conducted by trained staff before VCT to motivate MSM to become index subjects and refer sexual partners via the Line app, or to disclose the accounts and profiles of sexual partners on relevant social networking platforms. Referred sexual partners received rapid HIV testing, and the recruitment process was repeated until leads were exhausted.

Results
After the interviews, 28.2% (75/266) of MSM were successfully persuaded to become index subjects in the first wave, referring 127 sexual partners via the Line app for rapid HIV testing and disclosing 40 sexual partners. The index subjects and tested sexual partners had more sexual partners (F2=3.83, P=.02), more frequent anal intercourse (F2=10.10, P<.001), and higher percentages of those who had not previously received HIV testing (χ21=6.1, P=.047) compared with MSM tested without referrals. The new HIV-seropositivity rate among tested sexual partners was 2.4%, which was higher than the rate in the other 2 groups. The social network analysis revealed the following 4 types of sexual affiliation: chain, Y, star, and complicated. Among the HIV-negative sexual partners, 26.9% (43/160) had sexual affiliations with HIV-positive nodes, and 40% (10/25) were untested sexual partners with a direct sexual affiliation with an HIV-positive node. Four transmission bridges were found in the network graph.

Conclusions
Partner-elicited interviews can effectively promote referral for HIV testing and case identification via Line, and can clarify unknown sexual affiliations of MSM to facilitate the development of a tailored prevention program. Social network analysis is needed for an insightful understanding of the different network structures.
A study on resonance characteristics of hydraulic structures and buildings conducted using small-size models
Authors: Makarov Konstantin N. , Yurchenko Elena E. , Biryukbaev Erik K. , Yurchenko Vasilisa E. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The study focuses on resonance characteristics of a hydraulic engineering structure, such as a groin, land retention works on an artificial island, and a school building. Any structure, exposed to dynamic effects of natural or man-induced origin, can be validly simulated as a mechanical resonator. Models are made of materials that have electro-elastic properties allowing to measure responses to induced oscillations, or changes in an alternating electric field, and reevaluate the physical characteristics later.
Materials and methods. Small-size physical models of structures are made of electro-elastic materials, such as organic glass and ABS plastic, used for 3D printing. A laboratory test bench, composed of an oscillator and a personal computer, used as an oscillograph, was applied to conduct the testing. Mathematical modeling was performed using SolidWorks software packages. Oscillation modes and structural responses, featuring different response amplitudes, were identified. Models of structures were studied in different contexts, including restraint and free bearing.
Results. It has been found that frequencies of the first mode of oscillations in a restrained model correspond to the fourth mode of a model in case of free bearing. Mutual correlation of eigenfrequencies of oscillations in small-size models, made of ABS plastic and organic glass, is demonstrated.
Conclusions. The applicability of ABS plastic as the material of small-size physical models of buildings and structures has been proven for the purpose of identifying resonance frequencies of the prototypes. The co-authors have developed an integrated physical and mathematical modeling method that entails the use of SolidWorks software packages. This method allows to identify resonance frequencies, which are most dangerous for structures. Different structure support patterns allow to apply the geometric scale to obtain resonance frequencies when translating small-size model results to natural values and, hence, identify the vulnerability of structures to dynamic effects.
A Recent Overview: In Situ Gel Smart Carriers for Ocular Drug Delivery
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Dev Dhruv , Prasad D.N. 
Published: December 2021

Delivery of the drug to the ocular area is blocked by the protective layers covering the eyes; it has always been a major problem to find effective bioavailability of the active drug in the ocular area due to the short duration of precorneal majority ocular stay. Direct delivery systems combine as well as oil, solution, and suspension, as a result, many delivery systems are not able to effectively treat eye diseases. Many works have been done and are being done to overcome this problem one of which is to use in-situ to build polymeric systems. Ocular In-situ gelling systems are a new class of eye drug delivery systems that are initially in solution but are quickly transformed into a viscous gel when introduced or inserted into an ocular cavity where active drugs are released continuously. This sol-to-gel phase conversion depends on a variety of factors such as changes in pH, ion presence, and temperature changes. Post-transplanting gel selects viscosity and bio-adhesive properties, which prolongs the gel's stay in the ocular area and also releases the drug in a long and continuous way unlike conventional eye drops and ointments. This review is a brief overview of situ gels, the various methods of in situ gelling systems, the different types of polymers used in situ gels, their gel-based methods, and the polymeric testing of situ gel.
Keywords: In-situ gel, Polymers, and ion triggered in-situ gel, Mechanism, Evaluation parameters
Can intermittent fasting help in stem-cell rejuvenation?
Authors: Seshadhri S , Shanmuga Sundaram Rajagopal , Sambathkumar Ramanathan 
Published: December 2021

Background: Human tissues are sustained by stem cells, the balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, and cell death is the crucial element of haemostasis, which plays a vital role in tissue remodelling. Stem cell therapy is recognized as regenerative medicine. We can stimulate stem cell growth/regeneration through various events.
Objectives: In this review, we illustrate whether fasting can stimulate stem cell regeneration.
Methodology: A literature survey was undertaken to gather recent research and address the effects of fasting on stem cell renewal, which was the review's purpose.
Results: Enterocytes in drosophila were restored after exposure to the dietary restriction. As the result, fasting before etoposide exposure safeguarded mice against harm caused by etoposide when compared with the fed group. A study conducted on the effects of periodic fasting in yeast, mice, and humans shows the increase in lifespan and stress resistance of yeast fasting reduces the risks due to age factors and diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and promotes a healthy life span of mice and human.
Conclusion: Dietary limitations will be used in conjunction with the existing therapeutic approach as adjuvant therapy. It will be a more effective treatment. Fasting has the potential to protect against the negative effects of chemotherapy while also boosting stem cell regeneration, according to preclinical findings. Even though regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy are still in their embryonic stage, greater interventions are needed to show the target pathway of fasting in stem cell renewal.
Keywords: Fasting, stem cell regeneration, emerging therapy.
Theoretical Aspects of the Territorial Approach to Region and Supply Chain Management
Authors: Tyapukhin A. P. 
Published: December 2021

The territorial approach is the basic approach to a region management. At the same time, the “territory” component is the basis of the logistics complex used in Supply Chain Management. In this regard, a need is to clarify and supplement the theory and methodology of the territorial approach to the management of both the region and the supply chains.The subject of this study is the relationship between the regional authorities and the focus enterprise of the supply chain regarding the development of the territories and resources of the region on a mutually beneficial basis.The research methods are methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as classification, and the tools are binary matrices that provide for the joint use of two classification attributes of the object under study and their dichotomies.The results of this study are the management principles by the competitiveness and sustainability of the management object; classifications of approaches to the management by the region and supply chains; of territories from the point of view of the focus enterprise of the supply chain and the region; the management decisions in the interaction of regions with the links of supply chains; the sequence of the formation of supply chains and the development of territories and resources of the region on the basis of the territorial approach and the relationship between them.The obtained results allow to reduce the costs and time for the development of territories and resources of the region by reducing the lost profits of the supply chain links due to their rational placement and increasing sustainability by achieving a synergistic effect both by the region and by the supply chains.
Optimasi Keamanan Informasi Menggunakan Algoritma Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Mode Chiper Block Chaining (CBC)
Authors: Nugrahantoro Achmad , Fadlil Abdul , Riadi Imam 
Published: December 2021

Information comes from a collection of data obtained from various sources that have been processed. An information can help in decision making, so it is considered to have a high effectiveness value for the recipient of the information. Information exchange that utilizes public media internet services is widely used, so the validity of information must be done security from unauthorized attacks. One of them uses cryptography. AES is a method used by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a standard for the United States Federal encryption algorithm. Creativity in cryptographic modification can increase the strength of an attack. This study uses AES 128, 192, and 256 bit CBC mode algorithms by conducting trials at the level of encryption, decryption and the appearance of character frequencies. Encryption test results obtained an average speed of 128 bit blocks, namely 14.2 ms, 256 bits 13.2 ms and 192 bits 11.5 ms. While the decryption test results obtained an average speed of 128 bit blocks, namely 13.2 ms, 192 bits 14 ms and 256 bits 16.5 ms. The pattern of occurrence of the average frequency generated by 9%, by accepting symbols and numbers using this algorithm has little to solve by reading the characters display. The validation test produces a value of 100% where the functionality testing shows the expected results.Keyword: Security Information, AES, CBC, AES Mode CBC Abstrak Informasi berasal dari sekumpulan data yang didapatkan dari berbagai sumber yang telah diolah. Sebuah informasi bisa membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan, sehingga dianggap memiliki nilai efektivitas tinggi bagi penerima informasi. Pertukaran informasi yang memanfaatkan layanan publik media internet marak digunakan, maka keabsahan informasi harus dilakukan keamanan dari serangan pihak tidak berwenang. Salah satunya menggunakan kriptografi. AES adalah metode yang dimanfaatkan National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) sebagai standar algoritma enkripsi Federal Amerika Serikat. Kreativitas dalam modifikasi kriptografi bisa meningkatkan kekuatan dari serangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma AES 128, 192, dan 256 bit mode CBC dengan melakukan uji coba pengujian pada tingkat kecepatan proses enkripsi, dekripsi dan kemunculan frekuensi karakter. Hasil uji coba pengujian enkripsi didapatkan tingkat kecepatan rata-rata blok 128 bit yaitu 14,2 ms, 256 bit 13,2 ms dan 192 bit 11,5 ms. Sedangkan hasil uji coba dekripsi didapatkan tingkat kecepatan rata-rata blok 128 bit yaitu 13,2 ms, 192 bit 14 ms dan 256 bit 16,5 ms. Pola kemunculan frekuensi rata-rata dihasilkan 9%, dengan menerima simbol dan angka menunjukan algoritma ini memiliki kemungkinan kecil dapat dipecahkan melalui pembacaan kemunculan karakternya. Pengujian validasi menghasilkan nilai 100% dimana pengujian fungsionalitas menunjukkan hasil yang sesuai diharapkan. Kata Kunci: Keamanan Informasi, AES, CBC, AES Mode CBC
Impact of Resin Composite Viscosity and Fill-technique on Internal Gap in Class I Restorations: An OCT Evaluation
Authors: Kantovitz KR , Cabral LL , Carlos NR , de Freitas AZ , Peruzzo DC , Franca FMG , do Amaral FLB , Basting RT , Puppin-Rontani RM 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARY
The aim of this in vitro study was to quantitatively evaluate the internal gap of resin composites of high-and low-viscosity used in single- and incremental-fill techniques in Class I cavities exposed to thermal cycling (TC) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Cavities of 4-mm depth and 3-mm diameter were prepared in 36 third molars randomly distributed into four groups, according to viscosity of restorative resin-based composite (high or low viscosity, all from 3M Oral Care) and technique application (bulk or incremental fill) used (n=9): RC, high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative); BF, high-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek One Bulk Fill); LRC, lowviscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Flowable Universal Restorative); and LBF, low-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Flowable Restorative). Single Bond Universal Adhesive system (3M Oral Care) was used in all the experimental groups. The incremental-fill technique was used for RC and LRC groups (2-mm increments), and a single-layer technique was used for BF and LBF groups, as recommended by the manufacturer. The internal adaptation of the resin at all dentin walls was evaluated before and after TC (5000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C) using OCT images. Five images of each restored tooth were obtained. Images were analyzed using ImageJ software that measured the entire length of the gaps at the dentin–restoration interface. The length of gaps (μm) was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Tukey tests (α=0.05). There was a significant interaction between material types and TC (p=0.006), and a significant difference among all material types (p&lt;0.0001), before and after TC (p&lt;0.0001). Increased internal gaps at the dentin–restoration interface were noticed after TC for all groups. RC presented the lowest value of internal gap before and after TC, while LBF showed the highest values of internal gap after TC. In conclusion, TC negatively affected the integrity of internal gap, whereas high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite presented better performance in terms of internal adaptation than low-viscosity, bulk-fill materials in Class I cavities.