bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When are maps preserving semi-inner products linear?
Authors: Wójcik Paweł 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe observe that every map between finite-dimensional normed spaces of the same dimension that respects fixed semi-inner products must be automatically a linear isometry. Moreover, we construct a uniformly smooth renorming of the Hilbert space $$\ell _2$$

ℓ
2

and a continuous injection acting thereon that respects the semi-inner products, yet it is non-linear. This demonstrates that there is no immediate extension of the former result to infinite dimensions, even under an extra assumption of uniform smoothness.
Multi-objective topology optimization of pin-fin heat exchangers using spectral and finite-element methods
Authors: Ghasemi Ali , Elham Ali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractForced convective pin-fin heat exchangers, due to the high wet surface area per volume and the hindered thermal boundary layers, feature low thermal resistances. However, the considerable coolant pressure drop, particularly for densely packed fin arrays, imposes operational costs for pumping power supply. This paper develops a multi-objective topology optimization approach to optimize sink geometries in order to minimize thermal resistance and pressure loss, concurrently. In accordance to the pin-fin geometrical characteristics, a dedicated pseudo-3D conjugate heat transfer model is utilized, by assuming periodic flow and fin design pattern, to reasonably reduce the high cost of full-3D model optimization. For the solution of flow part, a pseudo-spectral scheme is used, which is intrinsically periodic and features a high spectral accuracy, and the finite element method for the non-periodic conjugate heat transfer model. Exact partial derivatives of the discrete solutions are obtained analytically by hand-differentiation. This task is rather convenient for the flow part, due to the simplicity of the pseudo-spectral implementation; however, the MATLAB symbolic toolbox is selectively utilized for the finite element code to ensure an error-free implementation. Finally, the sensitivities are computed directly or via a discrete adjoint method, for the flow and heat models, respectively. To examine the present approach, two approaches are used for optimization of a practical cooling task: constrained and unconstrained multi-objective formulations, where in all cases more emphasis is placed on thermal resistance minimization. A series of optimized heat sink geometries via constrained or unconstrained multi-objective optimizations are obtained to examine practical utility of the present approach. The optimized topologies demonstrated superior cooling performances at lower costs of pressure losses compared to conventional (circular) in-line and staggered fins, and confirmed the supremacy of topology over pure sizing optimization.
Micro-scale Experimental System Coupled with Fluorescence-based Estimation of Fungal Biomass to Study Utilisation of Plant Substrates
Authors: Németh Julianna B. , Knapp Dániel G. , Kósa Annamária , Hegedűs Panna Á. , Herczeg Gábor , Vági Pál , Kovács Gábor M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe degradation capacity and utilisation of complex plant substrates are crucial for the functioning of saprobic fungi and different plant symbionts with fundamental functions in ecosystems. Measuring the growth capacity and biomass of fungi on such systems is a challenging task. We established a new micro-scale experimental setup using substrates made of different plant species and organs as media for fungal growth. We adopted and tested a reliable and simple titration-based method for the estimation of total fungal biomass within the substrates using fluorescence-labelled lectin. We found that the relationship between fluorescence intensity and fungal dry weight was strong and linear but differed among fungi. The effect of the plant organ (i.e. root vs. shoot) used as substrate on fungal growth differed among plant species and between root endophytic fungal species. The novel microscale experimental system is useful for screening the utilisation of different substrates, which can provide insight into the ecological roles and functions of fungi. Furthermore, our fungal biomass estimation method has applications in various fields. As the estimation is based on the fungal cell wall, it measures the total cumulative biomass produced in a certain environment.
Multicenter external validation of the radical cystectomy pentafecta in a European cohort of patients undergoing robot-assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal urinary diversion for bladder cancer
Authors: Baron P. , Khene Z. , Lannes F. , Pignot G. , Bajeot A. S. , Ploussard G. , Verhoest G. , Gasmi A. , Perrot O. , Roumiguie M. , Mori K. , Cacciamani G. E. , Rouprêt M. , Bruyère F. , Pradere B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective
To perform an external validation of this RC-pentafecta.

Method
Between January 2014 and December 2019, 104 consecutive patients who underwent RARC with ICUD within 6 urological centers were analyzed retrospectively. Patients who simultaneously demonstrated negative soft tissue surgical margins (STSMs), a lymph node (LN) yield ≥ 16, absence of major (Clavien–Dindo grade III–V) 90-day postoperative complications, absence of UD-related long-term sequelae, and absence of 12-month clinical recurrence were considered to have achieved RC-pentafecta. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to measure predictors for achieving RC-pentafecta. We analyzed the influence of this RC-pentafecta on survival, and the impact ofthe surgical experience.

Results
Since 2014, 104 patients who had completed at least 12 months of follow-up were included. Over a mean follow-up of 18 months, a LN yield ≥ 16, negative STSMs, absence of major complications at 90 days, and absence of UD-related surgical sequelae and clinical recurrence at ≤ 12 months were observed in 56%, 96%, 85%, 81%, and 91% of patients, respectively, resulting in a RC-pentafecta rate of 39.4%. Multivariate analysis showed that age was an independent predictor of pentafecta achievement (odds ratio [OR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90. 0.99; p = 0.04). The surgeon experience had an impact on the validation of the criteria.

Conclusion
This study confirmed that the RC-pentafecta is reproducible and could be externally used for the outcome assessment after RARC with ICUD. Therefore, the RC-pentafecta could be a useful tool to assess surgical success and its impact on different outcomes.
Adolescents’ pain and distress during peripheral intravenous cannulation in a paediatric emergency setting
Authors: Cozzi Giorgio , Cognigni Marta , Busatto Riccardo , Grigoletto Veronica , Giangreco Manuela , Conte Mariasole , Barbi Egidio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe objective of the study is to investigate pain and distress experienced by a group of adolescents and children during peripheral intravenous cannulation in a paediatric emergency department. This cross-sectional study was performed between November 2019 and June 2020 at the paediatric emergency department of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health of Trieste, Italy. Eligible subjects were patients between 4 and 17 years old undergoing intravenous cannulation, split into three groups based on their age: adolescents (13–17 years), older children (8–12 years), and younger children (4–7 years). Procedural distress and pain scores were recorded through validated scales. Data on the use of topical anaesthesia, distraction techniques, and physical or verbal comfort during procedures were also collected. We recruited 136 patients: 63 adolescents, 48 older children, and 25 younger children. There was no statistically significant difference in the median self-reported procedural pain found in adolescents (4; IQR = 2–6) versus older and younger children (5; IQR = 2–8 and 6; IQR = 2–8, respectively). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the rate of distress between adolescents (79.4%), older (89.6%), and younger (92.0%) children. Adolescents received significantly fewer pain relief techniques.Conclusion: This study shows that adolescents experience similar pain and pre-procedural distress as younger children during peripheral intravenous cannulation.

What is Known:• Topical and local anaesthesia, physical and verbal comfort, and distraction are useful interventions for pain and anxiety management during intravenous cannulation in paediatric settings. • No data is available on pain and distress experienced by adolescents in the specific setting of the emergency department.

What is New:• Adolescents experienced high levels of pre-procedural distress in most cases and similar levels of pain and distress when compared to younger patients• The number of pain relief techniques employed during procedures was inversely proportional to patient’s age, topical or local anaesthesia were rarely used
Geographic patterns of seed trait variation in an invasive species: how much can close populations differ?
Authors: Fenollosa Erola , Jené Laia , Munné-Bosch Sergi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeeds play a major role in plant species persistence and expansion, and therefore they are essential when modeling species dynamics. However, homogeneity in seed traits is generally assumed, underestimating intraspecific trait variability across the geographic space, which might bias species success models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the existence and consequences of interpopulation variability in seed traits of the invasive species Carpobrotus edulis at different geographical scales. We measured seed production, morphology, vigour and longevity of nine populations of C. edulis along the Catalan coast (NE Spain) from three differentiated zones with a human presence gradient. Geographic distances between populations were contrasted against individual and multivariate trait distances to explore trait variation along the territory, evaluating the role of bioclimatic variables and human density of the different zones. The analysis revealed high interpopulation variability that was not explained by geographic distance, as regardless of the little distance between some populations (< 0.5 km), significant differences were found in several seed traits. Seed production, germination, and persistence traits showed the strongest spatial variability up to 6000% of percent trait variability between populations, leading to differentiated C. edulis soil seed bank dynamics at small distances, which may demand differentiated strategies for a cost-effective species management. Seed trait variability was influenced by human density but also bioclimatic conditions, suggesting a potential impact of increased anthropogenic pressure and climate shifts. Geographic interpopulation trait variation should be included in ecological models and will be important for assessing species responses to environmental heterogeneity and change.
Antimalarial drugs—are they beneficial in rheumatic and viral diseases?—considerations in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Grygiel-Górniak Bogna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe majority of the medical fraternity is continuously involved in finding new therapeutic schemes, including antimalarial medications (AMDs), which can be useful in combating the 2019-nCoV: coronavirus disease (COVID-19). For many decades, AMDs have been widely used in the treatment of malaria and various other anti-inflammatory diseases, particularly to treat autoimmune disorders of the connective tissue. The review comprises in vitro and in vivo studies, original studies, clinical trials, and consensus reports for the analysis, which were available in medical databases (e.g., PubMed). This manuscript summarizes the current knowledge about chloroquine (CQ)/hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and shows the difference between their use, activity, recommendation, doses, and adverse effects on two groups of patients: those with rheumatic and viral diseases (including COVID-19). In the case of connective tissue disorders, AMDs are prescribed for a prolonged duration in small doses, and their effect is observed after few weeks, whereas in the case of viral infections, they are prescribed in larger doses for a short duration to achieve a quick saturation effect. In rheumatic diseases, AMDs are well tolerated, and their side effects are rare. However, in some viral diseases, the effect of AMDs is questionable or not so noticeable as suggested during the initial prognosis. They are mainly used as an additive therapy to antiviral drugs, but recent studies have shown that AMDs can diminish the efficacy of some antiviral drugs and may cause respiratory, kidney, liver, and cardiac complications.
Microwave spectro-polarimetry of matter and radiation across space and time
Authors: Delabrouille Jacques , Abitbol Maximilian H. , Aghanim Nabila , Ali-Haïmoud Yacine , Alonso David , Alvarez Marcelo , Banday Anthony J. , Bartlett James G. , Baselmans Jochem , Basu Kaustuv , Battaglia Nicholas , Climent José Ramón Bermejo , Bernal José L. , Béthermin Matthieu , Bolliet Boris , Bonato Matteo , Bouchet François R. , Breysse Patrick C. , Burigana Carlo , Cai Zhen-Yi , Chluba Jens , Churazov Eugene , Dannerbauer Helmut , De Bernardis Paolo , De Zotti Gianfranco , Di Valentino Eleonora , Dimastrogiovanni Emanuela , Endo Akira , Erler Jens , Ferraro Simone , Finelli Fabio , Fixsen Dale , Hanany Shaul , Hart Luke , Hernández-Monteagudo Carlos , Hill J. Colin , Hotinli Selim C. , Karatsu Kenichi , Karkare Kirit , Keating Garrett K. , Khabibullin Ildar , Kogut Alan , Kohri Kazunori , Kovetz Ely D. , Lagache Guilaine , Lesgourgues Julien , Madhavacheril Mathew , Maffei Bruno , Mandolesi Nazzareno , Martins Carlos , Masi Silvia , Mather John , Melin Jean-Baptiste , Dizgah Azadeh Moradinezhad , Mroczkowski Tony , Mukherjee Suvodip , Nagai Daisuke , Negrello Mattia , Palanque-Delabrouille Nathalie , Paoletti Daniela , Patil Subodh P. , Piacentini Francesco , Raghunathan Srinivasan , Ravenni Andrea , Remazeilles Mathieu , Revéret Vincent , Rodriguez Louis , Rotti Aditya , Martin Jose-Alberto Rubiño , Sayers Jack , Scott Douglas , Silk Joseph , Silva Marta , Souradeep Tarun , Sugiyama Naonori , Sunyaev Rashid , Switzer Eric R. , Tartari Andrea , Trombetti Tiziana , Zubeldia Íñigo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses the science case for a sensitive spectro-polarimetric survey of the microwave sky. Such a survey would provide a tomographic and dynamic census of the three-dimensional distribution of hot gas, velocity flows, early metals, dust, and mass distribution in the entire Hubble volume, exploit CMB temperature and polarisation anisotropies down to fundamental limits, and track energy injection and absorption into the radiation background across cosmic times by measuring spectral distortions of the CMB blackbody emission. In addition to its exceptional capability for cosmology and fundamental physics, such a survey would provide an unprecedented view of microwave emissions at sub-arcminute to few-arcminute angular resolution in hundreds of frequency channels, a data set that would be of immense legacy value for many branches of astrophysics. We propose that this survey be carried out with a large space mission featuring a broad-band polarised imager and a moderate resolution spectro-imager at the focus of a 3.5 m aperture telescope actively cooled to about 8K, complemented with absolutely-calibrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer modules observing at degree-scale angular resolution in the 10–2000 GHz frequency range. We propose two observing modes: a survey mode to map the entire sky as well as a few selected wide fields, and an observatory mode for deeper observations of regions of specific interest.
The Role of Vocal Affect in Persuasion: The CIVA Model
Authors: Vaughan-Johnston Thomas I. , Guyer Joshua J. , Fabrigar Leandre R. , Shen Charlie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPast research has largely focused on how emotional expressions provide information about the speaker’s emotional state, but has generally neglected vocal affect’s influence over communication effectiveness. This is surprising given that other nonverbal behaviors often influence communication between individuals. In the present theory paper, we develop a novel perspective called the Contextual Influences of Vocal Affect (CIVA) model to predict and explain the psychological processes by which vocal affect may influence communication through three broad categories of process: emotion origin/construal, changing emotions, and communication source inferences. We describe research that explores potential moderators (e.g., affective/cognitive message types, message intensity), and mechanisms (e.g., emotional assimilation, attributions, surprise) shaping the effects of vocally expressed emotions on communication. We discuss when and why emotions expressed through the voice can influence the effectiveness of communication. CIVA advances theoretical and applied psychology by providing a clear theoretical account of vocal affect’s diverse impacts on communication.
The motivational system of task values and anticipated emotions in daily academic behavior
Authors: Umarji Osman , McPartlan Peter , Moeller Julia , Li Qiujie , Shaffer Justin , Eccles Jacquelynne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study integrates theories of achievement motivation and emotion to investigate daily academic behavior in an undergraduate online course. Using cluster analysis and hierarchical logistic regression, we analyze profiles of task values and anticipated emotions to understand expectations and completion of academic tasks over the duration of a week. Students’ task specific interest, opportunity cost, and anticipated satisfaction and regret varied across tasks and were predictive of both their expectations of task completion and actual task completion reported the following day. The results shed light on the important role of achievement motivation as situated and dynamic, highlighting the interplay between task priorities, task values, and anticipated emotions in academic task engagement.
Quality Management and Sustainable Development in Local Communes – Evidence from Poland
Authors: Jasiński Jakub , Żabiński Michał 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSustainable development is usually investigated from a global or national rather than a regional or local perspective. However, it is local communes that decide on the directions and dynamics of local development and on achieving the sustainable development goals. In the article, new insights are provided into how sustainable development can be further embedded into regional development practices by improving the management quality of local government units and through a contemporary approach to sustainable local development. The study attempts to show the relationship between the implementation of quality management methods by local governments, commune characteristics and sustainable development.
A fingerprint of a heterogeneous data set
Authors: Spallanzani Matteo , Mihaylov Gueorgui , Prato Marco , Fontana Roberto 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the fingerprint method, a technique to classify bags of mixed-type measurements. The method was designed to solve a real-world industrial problem: classifying industrial plants (individuals at a higher level of organisation) starting from the measurements collected from their production lines (individuals at a lower level of organisation). In this specific application, the categorical information attached to the numerical measurements induced simple mixture-like structures on the global multivariate distributions associated with different classes. The fingerprint method is designed to compare the mixture components of a given test bag with the corresponding mixture components associated with the different classes, identifying the most similar generating distribution. When compared to other classification algorithms applied to several synthetic data sets and the original industrial data set, the proposed classifier showed remarkable improvements in performance.
MicroRNAs in Axial Spondylarthritis: an Overview of the Recent Progresses in the Field with a Focus on Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Motta Francesca , Pederzani Andrea , Carena Maria Cristina , Ceribelli Angela , Wordsworth Paul B. , De Santis Maria , Selmi Carlo , Vecellio Matteo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To highlight the recent discoveries and lines of evidence on the role of microRNAs in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), focusing on their expression profiling and mechanisms of action.

Recent Findings
AS and PsA are chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases with axial manifestations and represent an excellent model for studying microRNAs contribution to the disease pathogenesis, particularly through immunomodulation, inflammation, and bone remodelling, or their value as candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Summary
MicroRNAs are single-stranded nucleotides able to regulate gene expression. They are a key component of the epigenetic machinery, involved in physiological and pathological processes. The contribution of microRNAs in AS and PsA (such as miR-29a in regulating bone metabolism) is highlighted by several works in the field but their utility as possible markers must be still confirmed, particularly in larger patients’ cohorts.
Systems biology and metabolic engineering of Rhodococcus for bioconversion and biosynthesis processes
Authors: Donini Eva , Firrincieli Andrea , Cappelletti Martina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRhodococcus spp. strains are widespread in diverse natural and anthropized environments thanks to their high metabolic versatility, biodegradation activities, and unique adaptation capacities to several stress conditions such as the presence of toxic compounds and environmental fluctuations. Additionally, the capability of Rhodococcus spp. strains to produce high value-added products has received considerable attention, mostly in relation to lipid accumulation. In relation with this, several works carried out omic studies and genome comparative analyses to investigate the genetic and genomic basis of these anabolic capacities, frequently in association with the bioconversion of renewable resources and low-cost substrates into triacylglycerols. This review is focused on these omic analyses and the genetic and metabolic approaches used to improve the biosynthetic and bioconversion performance of Rhodococcus. In particular, this review summarizes the works that applied heterologous expression of specific genes and adaptive laboratory evolution approaches to manipulate anabolic performance. Furthermore, recent molecular toolkits for targeted genome editing as well as genome-based metabolic models are described here as novel and promising strategies for genome-scaled rational design of Rhodococcus cells for efficient biosynthetic processes application.
The Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Zhu Xueling , Li Bo , Lou Pengcheng , Dai Tingting , Chen Yang , Zhuge Aoxiang , Yuan Yin , Li Lanjuan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany recent studies have shown that the gut microbiome plays important roles in human physiology and pathology. Also, microbiome-based therapies have been used to improve health status and treat diseases. In addition, aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, have become topics of intense interest in biomedical research. Several researchers have explored the links between these topics to study the potential pathogenic or therapeutic effects of intestinal microbiota in disease. But the exact relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and gut microbiota remains unclear. As technology advances, new techniques for studying the microbiome will be developed and refined, and the relationship between diseases and gut microbiota will be revealed. This article summarizes the known interactions between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting assay techniques for the gut microbiome, and we also discuss the potential therapeutic role of microbiome-based therapies in diseases.