bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The X-Ray Outburst of PG 1553+113: A Precession Effect of Two Jets in the Supermassive Black Hole Binary System
Authors: Huang Shifeng , Yin Hongxing , Hu Shaoming , Chen Xu , Jiang Yunguo , Alexeeva Sofya , Wang Yifan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Blazar PG 1553+113 is thought to be a host of supermassive black hole binary system. A 2.2 yr quasi-periodicity in the γ-ray light curve was detected, possibly a result of jet precession. Motivated by the previous studies based on the γ-ray data, we analyzed the X-ray light curve and spectra observed during 2012–2020. The 2.2 yr quasi-periodicity might be consistent with the main-flare recurrence in the X-ray light curve. When a weak rebrightening in the γ-ray was observed, a corresponding relatively strong brightening in the X-ray light curve can be identified. The harder-when-brighter tendency in both X-ray main and weak flares was shown, as well as a weak softer-when-brighter behavior for the quiescent state. We explore the possibility that the variability in the X-ray band can be interpreted with two-jet precession scenario. Using the relation between jets and accretion disks, we derive the primary black hole mass ≃3.47 × 108
M
☉ and mass of the secondary one ≃1.40 × 108
M
☉, and their mass ratio ∼0.41.
Taxonomical study on the newly-recorded genus Falsonnannocerus Pic from China (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Stenochiinae)
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Wang Cheng-Bin , Feng Bao-Ying 
Published: December 2021

The genus Falsonannocerus Pic, 1947 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Stenochiinae, Cnodalonini) includes 13 known species occurring in West Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia. The bionomics of species in this genus are unknown.
The genus Falsonnannocerus Pic, 1947 is recorded for the first time from China, including two species: F. thailandicus Masumoto, 1986 from Yunnan and F. haizhuensis sp. n. from Guangdong. Morphological characters of the two species are illustrated and compared. The photographs of female reproductive system, which were never shown for this genus before, are also presented.
The Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Use With Incident Hypertension in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Data From the PSOAS Cohort
Authors: Liew Jean W. , Jafarzadeh S. Reza , Dubreuil Maureen , Heckbert Susan R. , Mooney Stephen J. , Brown Matthew A. , Ishimori Mariko L. , Reveille John D. , Ward Michael M. , Weisman Michael H. , Gensler Lianne S. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveIndividuals with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have a greater cardiovascular (CV) risk than those in the general population. The effect of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) on CV risk, including on the development of hypertension (HTN), remains unclear, with some data suggesting higher risk. We assessed the association of TNFi use with incident HTN in a longitudinal AS cohort.MethodsAdults with AS enrolled in a prospective cohort in 2002–2018 were examined every 4–6 months. TNFi use during the preceding 6 months was ascertained at each study visit. We defined HTN by patient-reported HTN, antihypertensive medication use, or, on 2 consecutive visits, systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg. We evaluated the association between TNFi use and the development of HTN with marginal structural models, estimated by inverse probability-of-treatment weighting, to account for time-dependent confounders and informative censoring. Potential confounders included age, sex, race, site, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use, and disease activity.ResultsWe included 630 patients without baseline HTN and with at least 1 year of follow-up. Of these, 72% were male, mean age was 39 ± 13 years, and 43% used TNFi at baseline. On follow-up (median 5 yrs), 129 developed incident HTN and 163 started on TNFi during follow-up. TNFi use was not associated with incident HTN (adjusted HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.83–1.37).ConclusionIn our prospective AS cohort, TNFi use was not significantly associated with incident HTN.
Spinal Radiographic Progression and Predictors of Progression in Patients With Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis Receiving Ixekizumab Over 2 Years
Authors: Heijde Désirée van der , Østergaard Mikkel , Reveille John D. , Baraliakos Xenofon , Kronbergs Andris , Sandoval David M. , Li Xiaoqi , Carlier Hilde , Adams David H. , Maksymowych Walter P. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term effect of ixekizumab (IXE) on radiographic changes in the spine in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) by measuring change from baseline through 2 years in modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS), and to identify potential predictors of progression.MethodsThis study evaluates patients from COAST-V (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02696785, biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug–naïve) and COAST-W (NCT02696798, tumor necrosis factor inhibitor–experienced) who had mSASSS data at baseline in the originating studies and 108 weeks after baseline in the extension study COAST-Y (NCT03129100). We examined the proportion of patients who did not have spinal radiographic progression through 2 years (108 weeks) of treatment with IXE (80 mg every 2 or 4 weeks) and the change from baseline to year 2 in mSASSS. Potential predictors of spinal radiographic progression were also evaluated.ResultsAmong patients with evaluable radiographs who were originally assigned to IXE (n = 230), mean (SD) change in mSASSS from baseline at year 2 was 0.3 (1.8). The proportion of nonprogressors over 2 years was 89.6% if defined as mSASSS change from baseline < 2 and 75.7% if defined as mSASSS change from baseline ≤ 0. Predictors of structural progression at year 2 (mSASSS change > 0) were age ≥ 40, baseline syndesmophytes, HLA-B27 positivity, and male sex. Week 52 inflammation in Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada spine was also a predictor of radiographic progression at year 2 in patients with magnetic resonance imaging data in COAST-V (n = 109).ConclusionThe majority of patients with r-axSpA receiving IXE had no radiographic progression in the spine through 2 years of treatment. Predictors were generally consistent with previous studies.
Efficacy and Safety of Ustekinumab in Patients With Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results of a Phase II Open-label Extension Study
Authors: van Vollenhoven Ronald F. , Hahn Bevra H. , Tsokos George C. , Lipsky Peter , Gordon Robert M. , Fei Kaiyin , Lo Kim Hung , Chevrier Marc , Rose Shawn , Berry Pamela , Yao Zhenling , Karyekar Chetan S. , Zuraw Qing 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ustekinumab through 2 years in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsThis was a placebo-controlled (week 24), phase II study in 102 patients with seropositive active SLE. Patients were randomized to ustekinumab (approximately 6 mg/kg single intravenous infusion, then subcutaneous [SC] injections of 90 mg every 8 weeks) or placebo, added to background therapy. Placebo patients initiated ustekinumab (90 mg SC every 8 weeks) at week 24. Patients could enter an optional open-label study extension after week 40 (final ustekinumab administration at week 104). Efficacy assessments included Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), SLEDAI-2K Responder Index-4 (SRI-4), physician global assessment (PGA), and Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI). Observed data are reported for the extension period. The final efficacy assessment was at week 112; safety was monitored through week 120.ResultsIn this subset of patients who entered the study extension, 24 in the ustekinumab group and 14 in the placebo crossover group completed study treatment. At week 112, 79% and 92%, respectively, had an SRI-4 response; 92% in both groups had ≥ 4-point improvement from baseline in SLEDAI-2K score; 79% and 93%, respectively, had ≥ 30% improvement from baseline in PGA; 86% and 91%, respectively, had ≥ 50% improvement in active joint (pain and inflammation) count; and 79% and 100%, respectively, had ≥ 50% improvement in CLASI Activity Score. No deaths, malignancies, opportunistic infections, or tuberculosis cases occurred. Safety events were consistent with the known ustekinumab safety profile.ConclusionOf the 46 patients who entered the voluntary extension of this phase II study, clinical benefit in global and organ-specific SLE activity measures was observed with ustekinumab through 2 years with no new or unexpected safety findings. [ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02349061]
Les soldats du département de la Sarthe à la veille de la guerre de 1870-1871
Authors: Soudjian Guy 
Published: December 2021

S’appuyant sur le dépouillement et l’exploitation statistique des sources imprimées de la conscription militaire à la veille de la guerre de 1870, la présente étude s’efforce de dresser une typologie des conscrits originaires du département de la Sarthe. On connaît mieux les évènements qui ont émaillé la guerre que les combattants eux-mêmes. Certes, plusieurs témoins nous ont légué leurs précieux témoignages en les publiant à chaud, quelques années après les évènements, ou au soir de leur existence. Les informations croisées relatives aux professions, au remplacement, au degré d’instruction et à la stature complètent ces témoignages issus du for privé. Il s’en dégage une sorte de portrait-type – beaucoup moins linéaire qu’on pourrait le croire à première analyse – des jeunes gens emportés dans la tourmente de « l’Année terrible ». Ce portrait moyen est aussi l’occasion de mieux cerner la situation du département de la Sarthe, notamment par rapport aux autres départements de l’Ouest – la Mayenne assurément parce que limitrophe et appartenant en grande partie à l’ancienne province historique du Maine – mais aussi la Bretagne, au regard des niveaux de vie et d’alphabétisation, du développement biologique, voire d’indices culturels plus fins encore concernant le consentement au service militaire.
Du « fardeau migratoire » au fardeau des migrants. L’exil à Malte ou la condition d’entre-emplois
Authors: Puygrenier Lucas 
Published: December 2021

Confronté à un « fardeau migratoire » jugé insoutenable par les autorités, Malte apparaît comme l’un des espaces emblématiques de l’exclusion des exilés en Europe. La relégation des indésirables, reclus dans les « centres ouverts » de l’île, ne se résume pas pour autant à leur retrait pur et simple de l’économie et de la société locale. En étudiant les circulations entre les institutions d’État destinées à exclure les exilés et l’organisation routinière du travail informel sur l’île, l’article explore les ambivalences entre la mise à l’écart et la mise au travail des personnes « indésirables », entre la doctrine du « fardeau migratoire » et le fardeau qui incombe aux personnes en exil dans le monde productif maltais. Il s’agit alors de montrer comment les exilés sont appelés à rejoindre les rangs de ce que l’on appellera l’« entre-emplois » : remplissant les interstices que forme un capitalisme dont les besoins de travail erratiques, ponctuels et éphémères supposent de trouver continuellement à sa disposition une population en attente, force de travail sans cesse mobilisable et démobilisable.
Vers un curriculum global ? Une perspective comparative sur les transformations curriculaires en France et au Québec
Authors: Mathou Cécile 
Published: December 2021

Alors que la diffusion de réformes basées sur une approche par compétences soulève la question de la standardisation des curricula à l’échelle globale, on sait peu de choses sur la façon dont ces tendances communes sont recontextualisées dans les contextes éducatifs nationaux. Cet article propose de retracer les transformations curriculaires en France et au Québec sur la période 2000-2015, à partir d’une analyse des textes qui constituent le curriculum formel. À la lumière de la sociologie du curriculum, la comparaison à la fois diachronique et synchronique permet de complexifier la vision de tendances mondiales uniformisantes, de souligner des recontextualisations nationales contrastées et de poser la question du pourquoi des différences observées.
An Evidence-Based Protocol for Manual Prone Positioning of Patients With ARDS
Authors: Ryan Patrick , Fine Cynthia , DeForge Christine 
Published: December 2021

Background
Manual prone positioning has been shown to reduce mortality among patients with moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, but it is associated with a high incidence of pressure injuries and unplanned extubations. This study investigated the feasibility of safely implementing a manual prone positioning protocol that uses a dedicated device.

Review of Evidence
A search of CINAHL and Medline identified multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses that demonstrated both the reduction of mortality when prone positioning is used for more than 12 hours per day in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and the most common complications of this treatment.

Implementation
An existing safe patient-handling device was modified to enable staff to safely perform manual prone positioning with few complications for patients receiving mechanical ventilation. All staff received training on the protocol and use of the device before implementation.

Evaluation
This study included 36 consecutive patients who were admitted to the medical intensive care unit at a large academic medical center because of hypoxemic respiratory failure/acute respiratory distress syndrome and received mechanical ventilation and prone positioning. Data were collected on clinical presentation, interventions, and complications.

Sustainability
Using the robust protocol and the low-cost device, staff can safely perform a low-volume, high-risk maneuver. This method provides cost savings compared with other prone positioning methods.

Conclusions
Implementing a prone positioning protocol with a dedicated device is feasible, with fewer complications and lower costs than anticipated.
Susceptibility of iris (Iridaceae) to larval infestation by Neorthacheta dissimilis (Diptera: Scathophagidae)
Authors: Doyon Josée , Savage Jade , Bailleul Stéphane , Labelle Stéphane , Brodeur Jacques 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Neorthacheta dissimilis Malloch (Diptera: Scathophagidae) is a poorly known scathophagid fly that feeds and develops on iris (Iridaceae). A survey of its occurrence was performed at the Montréal Botanical Garden (Montréal, Québec, Canada) in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Iris species and cultivars from two subgenera, Iris and Limniris, were evaluated for larval infestation. When pooled for subgenera and years, data from 18 Iris classes revealed high levels of infestation per flower stalk, ranging from 34% to 100%. When analysed per bud or flower, levels of infestation remained high, ranging from 19% to 100%, but generally was lower than for flower stalks as the unit of replication. The mean number of N. dissimilis larvae per infested flower or bud was higher for the subgenus Limniris (1.13) than for the subgenus Iris (1.03), with a maximum of four N. dissimilis larvae per flower being observed. These figures are worrying for horticulturalists because the insect is prevalent and causes either abortion or aesthetic damages to iris flowers.
Efficacy of transmuscular quadratus lumborum block in the multimodal regimen for postoperative analgesia after total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Jadon Ashok , Ahmad Asif , Sahoo Rajendra K , Sinha Neelam , Chakraborty Swastika , Bakshi Apoorva 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:
Transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum Block (TQLB) is a novel regional anaesthesia technique, however, its analgesic efficacy as a component of multimodal analgesia (MMA) in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH) is not well studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of TQLB as a component of MMA for postoperative pain in TLH.

Methods:
A prospective double-blind randomised controlled study was done after approval from the ethical committee and informed patient consent. After randomisation, 37 patients in Group-Q received 20 ml 0.375% ropivacaine and in Group-C, 37 patients received saline in TQLB bilaterally after TLH surgery. All patients received intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) with fentanyl along with diclofenac 75 mg every 12 h. All the patients were assessed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, and 24 hours. The primary outcome was the time to first analgesic request. The secondary outcome measures were total fentanyl consumption in 24 hrs, pain scores during rest and movement, postoperative nausea-vomiting, sedation and complications related to local anaesthetic and TQLB procedure.

Results:
The mean [standard deviation (SD)] time to first analgesic request was 7.8 (1.5) hours in Group-Q and 3.2 (1.0) hours in Group-C (P < 0.0001). The mean (SD) dose of fentanyl used in 24 hours was 167.3 (44) μg in Group-Q and 226.5 (41.9) μg in Group-C (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
The ultrasound-guided TQLB provides effective postoperative analgesia after TLH surgery in a multimodal analgesia approach. It reduces the fentanyl consumption and improves the visual analogue scale (VAS) score.
Comparison of erector spinae plane block and local anaesthetic infiltration of the incision site for postoperative analgesia in percutaneous nephrolithotomy – A randomised parallel-group study
Authors: Ramachandran Srinivasan , Ramaraj Krishna P , Velayudhan Savitri , Shanmugam Balasubramanian , Kuppusamy Sureshkumar , Lazarus Suneeth P 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:
Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has been found effective in providing postoperative analgesia following a myriad of surgeries. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonography (USG) guided erector spinae plane block to provide postoperative analgesia following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Methods:
This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomised parallel-group study conducted in patients undergoing PCNL. Patients in Group C (n = 33) received subcutaneous infiltration of 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine at the incision site and Group B (n = 33) received USG guided ESPB with 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine postoperatively. Numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were assessed at intervals of 30 min, 60 min, then hourly for six h, followed by four-hourly up to 24 h. The primary objective of the study was to compare postoperative pain relief using the NRS score between the two groups. Secondary objectives were to compare the analgesic requirement and to assess the incidence of complications. Normally distributed data were expressed as mean and standard deviation and analysed using Student's t-test. Data following non-normal distribution were expressed as median and interquartile range and analysed using Mann- Whitney U-test. For categorical data, the Chi-square test was used.

Results:
NRS scores were lower in Group B than Group C. There was significant prolongation in time for first analgesia in Group B (12 h) compared to Group C (30 min). There was a significant reduction in total tramadol consumption at 24 h postoperatively in the ESPB group.

Conclusion:
Ultrasound-guided ESPB is an efficacious analgesic technique with an opioid-sparing effect following PCNL.
Real-time ultrasound-guided spinal anaesthesia vs pre– procedural ultrasound-guided spinal anaesthesia in obese patients
Authors: Ravi Parli Raghavan , Naik Sudarshan , Joshi Mukund C , Singh Seema 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:
Spinal anaesthesia is conventionally performed using a landmark-guided midline approach. These surface landmarks may be absent, indistinct or distorted in the presence of obesity, previous spinal surgeries, deformities, or degenerative changes associated with ageing. In the present study, we compared the efficacy of real-time ultrasound (RUS)-guided paramedian approach, and pre-procedure ultrasound (PUS) landmark-guided paramedian approach in obese patients.

Methods:
Eighty patients with body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 were included in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to two intervention groups, i.e., RUS and PUS approach. The primary end point was to attain a successful lumbar puncture. Variables like the number of attempts, the number of passes, the time taken for identifying landmark(s), and time for a successful lumbar puncture(s) were secondary end points and were recorded in both the groups.

Results:
The median number of attempts were 4 (IQR 2-4) and 2 (IQR 1-2), respectively, in the PUS and RUS group (P-value < 0.001). The median number of passes, the median time for identifying space, and the time for successful lumbar puncture was statistically significantly less in the RUS group, than the PUS group.

Conclusion:
The time taken for the identification of the space, the number of attempts, number of passes, and the time taken for successful lumbar puncture was more in the PUS group as compared to the RUS group.
Comparative Study of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Versus Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for the Treatment of Nonlower Calyceal 10–20 mm Size Kidney Stone
Authors: Roy Pinaki , Sarkar Debansu , Jalan Vishal , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
Urolithiasis is a common medical condition and the treatment is mainly minimally invasive methods. There exists no specific guidelines for the treatment of radio-opaque solitary non lower calyceal kidney stones of 10–20 mm in literature and no head to head study comparing both the procedures. Hence, this study was performed to have a specific guide for the treatment of such stones.

Materials and Methods:
This study, included all patients aged >18 years, with solitary radiopaque calculi of 10–20 mm size in upper or middle calyx or pelvis of the kidney. A total of 105 patients were assigned to receive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for treatment of stone were enrolled in the study and the results were compared in terms of retreatment, stone-free rate (SFR), and complications.

Results:
The SFR was statistically higher in the mini PCNL group for all locations. The SFR for the ESWL group was low after 1st session; however, it increased with multiple sessions. We had a total of 9 complications in both groups, which was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:
This study showed that the mini PCNL is a viable, safe option for the treatment of 10–20 mm non lower calyceal stones, having superior SFRs compared to ESWL with statistically insignificant complications. It can be offered as first-line option for the management of such stones.