bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of PVR and PD-L1 and its association with prognosis in surgically resected squamous cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Lee Jii Bum , Hong Min Hee , Park Seong Yong , Chae Sehyun , Hwang Daehee , Ha Sang-Jun , Shim Hyo Sup , Kim Hye Ryun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTargeting T-Cell Immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domain-poliovirus receptor (PVR) pathway is a potential therapeutic strategy in lung cancer. We analyzed the expression of PVR and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in surgically resected squamous cell lung carcinoma (SQCC) and determined its prognostic significance. We collected archival surgical specimens and data of 259 patients with SQCC at Yonsei Cancer Center (1998–2020). Analysis of variance was used to analyze the correlations between PVR and PD-L1 expression and patient characteristics. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Most patients were male (93%); the majority were diagnosed with stage 1 (47%), followed by stage 2 (29%) and stage 3 (21%). Overexpression of PVR resulted in a significantly shorter median RFS and OS (P = 0.01). PD-L1 expression was not significant in terms of prognosis. Patients were subdivided into four groups based on low and high PVR and PD-L1 expression. Those expressing high levels of PVR and PD-L1 had the shortest RFS (P = 0.03). PVR overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis in surgically resected SQCC. Inhibition of PVR as well as PD-L1 may help overcome the lack of response to immune checkpoint monotherapy.
Proteoglycans contribute to the functional integrity of the glomerular endothelial cell surface layer and are regulated in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Khramova Alina , Boi Roberto , Fridén Vincent , Granqvist Anna Björnson , Nilsson Ulf , Tenstad Olav , Oveland Eystein , Haraldsson Börje , Ebefors Kerstin , Nyström Jenny 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAll capillary endothelia, including those of the glomeruli, have a luminal cell surface layer (ESL) consisting of glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans (PGs) and glycosaminoglycans. Previous results have demonstrated that an intact ESL is necessary for a normal filtration barrier and damage to the ESL coupled to proteinuria is seen for example in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We used the principles of ion exchange chromatography in vivo to elute the highly negatively charged components of the ESL with a 1 M NaCl solution in rats. Ultrastructural morphology and renal function were analyzed and 17 PGs and hyaluronan were identified in the ESL. The high salt solution reduced the glomerular ESL thickness, led to albuminuria and reduced GFR. To assess the relevance of ESL in renal disease the expression of PGs in glomeruli from DKD patients in a next generation sequencing cohort was investigated. We found that seven of the homologues of the PGs identified in the ESL from rats were differently regulated in patients with DKD compared to healthy subjects. The results show that proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans are essential components of the ESL, maintaining the permselective properties of the glomerular barrier and thus preventing proteinuria.
Probability of severe postpartum hemorrhage in repeat cesarean deliveries: a multicenter retrospective study in China
Authors: Du Lili , Feng Ling , Bi Shilei , Zhang Lizi , Tang Jingman , Zhong Liuying , Zhou Xingnan , Tan Hu , Huang Lijun , Lin Lin , Zeng Shanshan , Ren Luwen , Cao Yinli , Jia Jinping , Zhao Xianlan , Wang Shaoshuai , Xu Xiaoyan , Zhao Yangyu , Wang Zhijian , Zhu Qiying , Qi Hongbo , Zhang Lanzhen , Wen Suiwen , Li Hongtian , Chen Jingsi , Chen Dunjin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo determine the factors predicting the probability of severe postpartum hemorrhage (SPPH) in women undergoing repeat cesarean delivery (RCD). This multicenter, retrospective cohort study involved women who underwent RCD from January 2017 to December 2017, in 11 public tertiary hospitals within 7 provinces of China. The all-variables model and the multivariable logistic regression model (pre-operative, operative and simple model) were developed to estimate the probability of SPPH in development data and external validated in validation data. Discrimination and calibration were evaluated and clinical impact was determined by decision curve analysis. The study consisted of 11,074 women undergoing RCD. 278 (2.5%) women experienced SPPH. The pre-operative simple model including 9 pre-operative features, the operative simple model including 4 pre-operative and 2 intraoperative features and simple model including only 4 closely related pre-operative features showed AUC 0.888, 0.864 and 0.858 in development data and 0.921, 0.928 and 0.925 in validation data, respectively. Nomograms were developed based on predictive models for SPPH. Predictive tools based on clinical characteristics can be used to estimate the probability of SPPH in patients undergoing RCD and help to allow better preparation and management of these patients by using a multidisciplinary approach of cesarean delivery for obstetrician.
Characterization of an anterior segment organ culture model for open globe injuries
Authors: Snider Eric J. , Boice Emily N. , Gross Brandon , Butler Jacinque J. , Zamora David O. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOpen-globe injuries have poor visual outcomes and have increased in frequency. The current standard of care is inadequate, and a therapeutic is needed to stabilize the injury until an ophthalmic specialist is reached. Unfortunately, current models or test platforms for open-globe injuries are insufficient. Here, we develop and characterize an open-globe injury model using an anterior segment organ-culture platform that allows therapeutic assessment for up to 72 h post-injury. Anterior segments maintained in organ culture were kept at physiological intraocular pressure throughout, and puncture injuries were created using a novel pneumatic-powered system. This system can create high-speed, military-relevant injuries up to 4.5 mm in diameter through the cornea. From intraocular pressure readings, we confirmed a loss of pressure across the 72 h after open-globe injury. Proof-of-concept studies with a Dermabond tissue adhesive were performed to show how this model system could track therapeutic performance for 72 h. Overall, the organ-culture platform was found to be a suitable next step towards modeling open-globe injuries and assessing wound closure over the critical 72 h post-injury. With improved models such as this, novel biomaterial therapeutics development can be accelerated, improving care, and, thus, improving the prognosis for the patients.
The sublethal effects of neonicotinoids on spiders are independent of their nutritional status
Authors: Řezáč Milan , Gloríková Nela , Wilder Shawn M. , Heneberg Petr 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSpiders were recently shown to be adversely affected by field-realistic concentrations of a broad scale of neonicotinoid insecticides. Among the reported effects of neonicotinoids on invertebrates were declines in lipid biosynthesis and upregulation of β-oxidation, while vertebrate models suggest increased adipogenesis following treatment with neonicotinoids. Therefore, we hypothesized that there exists synergy between the effects of diet and concurrent exposure to field-realistic concentrations of neonicotinoid insecticides. To address this hypothesis, we fed first instars of the large wolf spiderHogna antelucanawith two types of diets and exposed them to field-realistic concentrations of three formulations of neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, thiacloprid and acetamiprid). We then measured the growth of the tested spiders; the lipid and protein content of their bodies; and their behavior, including ballooning, rappelling, and locomotor parameters. The two tested diets consisted of casein-treated and sucrose-treatedDrosophila melanogaster. The dietary treatments affected the lipid and protein content of the spiders, their body weight and carapace length but did not affect any of the measured behavioral parameters. Surprisingly, we did not find any effects of acute exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides on the lipid or protein reserves of spiders. Exposure to neonicotinoids altered the behavior of the spiders as reported previously in other spider species; however, these effects were not affected by dietary treatments. Overall, the dietary treatments did not have any major synergy with acute exposure to field-realistic concentrations of neonicotinoid insecticides.
Individuals with controlled hypertension show endothelial integrity following a bout of moderate-intensity exercise: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Waclawovsky Gustavo , Boll Liliana F. C. , Eibel Bruna , Alegretti Ana Paula , Spagnol Fabiane , De Paoli Juliana , Wajner Simone , Marschner Rafael A. , Schaun Maximiliano I. , Lehnen Alexandre Machado 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE) or combined exercise (CE) on flow-mediated dilation (FMD), progenitor cells (PCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), oxidative stress markers and endothelial-cell derived microvesicles (EMVs) in patients with hypertension. This is a randomized, parallel-group clinical trial involving an intervention of one session of three different modalities of exercise. Thirty-three males (43 ± 2y) were randomly divided into three groups: a session of AE (n = 11, 40 min, cycle ergometer, 60% HRR); a session of RE (n = 11, 40 min, 4 × 12 lower limb repetitions, 60% 1-RM); or a session of CE (n = 11, 20-min RE + 20-min AE). FMD was assessed 10 min before and 10, 40 and 70 min post-intervention. Blood samples were collected at the same time points (except 40 min). FMD were similar in all groups and from baseline (within each group) after a single exercise bout (AE, RE or CE). At 70 min, RE group showed higher levels of PCs compared to the AE (81%) and CE group (60%). PC levels were reduced from baseline in all groups (AE: 32%, p = 0.037; RE: 15%, p = 0.003; CE: 17%, p = 0.048). The levels of EPCs, EMVs and oxidative stress were unchanged. There were no acute effects of moderate-intensity exercise on FMD, EPCs, EMVs and oxidative stress, but PCs decreased regardless of the exercise modality. Individuals with controlled hypertension do not seem to have impaired vascular function in response to a single exercise bout.
Integrating online and offline data for crisis management: Online geolocalized emotion, policy response, and local mobility during the COVID crisis
Authors: Feng Shihui , Kirkley Alec 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntegrating online and offline data is critical for uncovering the interdependence between policy and public emotional and behavioral responses in order to aid the development of effective spatially targeted interventions during crises. As the COVID-19 pandemic began to sweep across the US it elicited a wide spectrum of responses, both online and offline, across the population. Here, we analyze around 13 million geotagged tweets in 49 cities across the US from the first few months of the pandemic to assess regional dependence in online sentiments with respect to a few major COVID-19 related topics, and how these sentiments correlate with policy development and human mobility. In this study, we observe universal trends in overall and topic-based sentiments across cities over the time period studied. We also find that this online geolocalized emotion is significantly impacted by key COVID-19 policy events. However, there is significant variation in the emotional responses to these policies across the cities studied. Online emotional responses are also found to be a good indicator for predicting offline local mobility, while the correlations between these emotional responses and local cases and deaths are relatively weak. Our findings point to a feedback loop between policy development, public emotional responses, and local mobility, as well as provide new insights for integrating online and offline data for crisis management.
Predicting language recovery in post-stroke aphasia using behavior and functional MRI
Authors: Iorga Michael , Higgins James , Caplan David , Zinbarg Richard , Kiran Swathi , Thompson Cynthia K. , Rapp Brenda , Parrish Todd B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLanguage outcomes after speech and language therapy in post-stroke aphasia are challenging to predict. This study examines behavioral language measures and resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) as predictors of treatment outcome. Fifty-seven patients with chronic aphasia were recruited and treated for one of three aphasia impairments: anomia, agrammatism, or dysgraphia. Treatment effect was measured by performance on a treatment-specific language measure, assessed before and after three months of language therapy. Each patient also underwent an additional 27 language assessments and a rsfMRI scan at baseline. Patient scans were decomposed into 20 components by group independent component analysis, and the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) was calculated for each component time series. Post-treatment performance was modelled with elastic net regression, using pre-treatment performance and either behavioral language measures or fALFF imaging predictors. Analysis showed strong performance for behavioral measures in anomia (R2 = 0.948, n = 28) and for fALFF predictors in agrammatism (R2 = 0.876, n = 11) and dysgraphia (R2 = 0.822, n = 18). Models of language outcomes after treatment trained using rsfMRI features may outperform models trained using behavioral language measures in some patient populations. This suggests that rsfMRI may have prognostic value for aphasia therapy outcomes.
Delay in primordial germ cell migration in adamts9 knockout zebrafish
Authors: Carver Jonathan J. , He Yuanfa , Zhu Yong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAdamts9 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 9) is one of a few metalloproteinases structurally conserved from C. elegans to humans and is indispensable in germ cell migration in invertebrates. However, adamts9′s roles in germ cell migration in vertebrates has not been examined. In the present study, we found zygotic expression of adamts9 started around the germ ring stage and reached peak levels at 3 days post fertilization (dpf) in zebrafish. The migration of primordial germ cells (PGC) was completed within 24 hours (h) in wildtype siblings, while a delay in PGC migration was found at 15 and 24-h post-fertilization (hpf) in the Adamts9 knockout (KO). However, the delayed PGC migration in Adamts9 KO disappeared at 48 hpf. Our study suggests a conserved function of Adamts9 in germ cell migration among invertebrates and vertebrates. In addition, our results also suggest that Adamts9 is not essential for germ cell migration as reported in C. elegans, possibly due to expansion of Adamts family members and compensatory roles from other metalloproteinases in vertebrates. Further studies are required in order to elucidate the functions and mechanisms of metalloproteinases in germ cell migration and gonad formation in vertebrates.
Transcriptomic analysis to infer key molecular players involved during host response to NDV challenge in Gallus gallus (Leghorn & Fayoumi)
Authors: Vanamamalai Venkata Krishna , Garg Priyanka , Kolluri Gautham , Gandham Ravi Kumar , Jali Itishree , Sharma Shailesh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the transcripts of length longer than 200 nucleotides. They are involved in the regulation of various biological activities. Leghorn and Fayoumi breeds of Gallus gallus were known to be having differential resistance against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) infection. Differentially expressed genes which were thought to be involved in this pattern of resistance were already studied. Here we report the analysis of the transcriptomic data of Harderian gland of Gallus gallus for studying the lncRNAs involved in regulation of these genes. Using bioinformatics approaches, a total of 37,411 lncRNAs were extracted and 359 lncRNAs were differentially expressing. Functional annotation using co-expression analysis revealed the involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of various pathways. We also identified 1232 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the genes interacting with lncRNA. Additionally, we identified the role of lncRNAs as putative micro RNA precursors, and the interaction of differentially expressed Genes with transcription factors and micro RNAs. Our study revealed the role of lncRNAs during host response against NDV infection which would facilitate future experiments in unravelling regulatory mechanisms of development in the genetic improvement of the susceptible breeds of Gallus gallus.
Physical activity, screen exposure and sleep among students during the pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Guo Yang-feng , Liao Min-qi , Cai Wei-li , Yu Xiao-xuan , Li Shu-na , Ke Xing-yao , Tan Si-xian , Luo Ze-yan , Cui Yun-feng , Wang Qian , Gao Xu-ping , Liu Jun , Liu Yan-hua , Zhu Sui , Zeng Fang-fang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the levels of health-related behaviours (physical activity, screen exposure and sleep status) among Chinese students from primary, secondary and high schools during the pandemic of COVID-19, as well as their changes compared with their status before the pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey of 10,933 students was conducted among 10 schools in Guangzhou, China, between 8th and 15th March, 2020. After getting the informed consent from student’s caregivers, an online questionnaire was designed and used to obtain time spending on health-related behaviours during the pandemic of COVID-19, as well as the changes compared with 3 months before the pandemic, which was completed by students themselves or their caregivers. Students were stratified by regions (urban, suburban, exurban), gender (boys and girls), and grades (lower grades of primary school, higher grades of primary schools, secondary schools and high schools). Data were expressed as number and percentages and Chi-square test was used to analyse difference between groups. Overall, the response rate of questionnaire was 95.3% (10,416/10,933). The median age of included students was 13.0 (10.0, 16.0) years and 50.1% (n = 5,219) were boys. 41.4%, 53.6% and 53.7% of total students reported less than 15 min per day in light, moderate and vigorous activities and 58.7% (n = 6,113) reported decreased participation in physical activity compared with the time before pandemic. Over 5 h of screen time spending on online study was reported by 44.6% (n = 4,649) of respondents, particular among high school students (81.0%). 76.9% of students reported increased screen time compared with the time before pandemic. Inadequate sleep was identified among 38.5% of students and the proportion was highest in high school students (56.9%). Our study indicated that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the school closure exerted tremendous negative effects on school-aged children’s health habits, including less physical activity, longer screen exposure and irregular sleeping pattern.
Pulsed 3.5 GHz high power microwaves irradiation on physiological solution and their biological evaluation on human cell lines
Authors: Bhartiya Pradeep , Mumtaz Sohail , Lim Jun Sup , Kaushik Neha , Lamichhane Pradeep , Nguyen Linh Nhat , Jang Jung Hyun , Yoon Sang Ho , Choi Jin Joo , Kaushik Nagendra Kumar , Choi Eun Ha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMicrowave (MW) radiation is increasingly being used for several biological applications. Many investigations have focused on understanding the potential influences of pulsed MW irradiation on biological solutions. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of 3.5 GHz pulsed MW radiation-irradiated liquid solutions on the survival of human cancer and normal cells. Different physiological solutions such as phosphate buffer saline, deionized water, and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) for cell culture growth were irradiated with pulsed MW radiation (45 shots with the energy of 1 mJ/shot). We then evaluated physiological effects such as cell viability, metabolic activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle, and cell death in cells treated with MW-irradiated biological solutions. As MW irradiation with power density ~ 12 kW/cm2 mainly induces reactive nitrogen oxygen species in deionized water, it altered the cell cycle, membrane potential, and cell death rates in U373MG cells due to its high electric field ~ 11 kV/cm in water. Interestingly, MW-irradiated cell culture medium and phosphate-buffered saline did not alter the cellular viability and metabolic energy of cancer and normal cells without affecting the expression of genes responsible for cell death. Taken together, MW-irradiated water can alter cellular physiology noticeably, whereas irradiated media and buffered saline solutions induce negligible or irrelevant changes that do not affect cellular health.
A Phenotypic Comparison of Loudness and Pain Hyperacusis: Symptoms, Comorbidity, and Associated Features in a Multinational Patient Registry
Authors: Williams Zachary J. , Suzman Evan , Woynaroski Tiffany G. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Hyperacusis is a complex and poorly understood auditory disorder characterized by decreased tolerance to sound at levels that would not trouble most individuals. Recently, it has been suggested that individuals who experience otalgia in response to everyday sounds (termed
pain hyperacusis
) may differ clinically from those whose primary symptom is the perception of everyday sounds as excessively loud (termed
loudness hyperacusis
). Despite this theoretical distinction, there have been no empirical studies directly comparing these two populations of hyperacusis patients.

Method
Using data from a multinational patient registry (the Coordination of Rare Diseases at Sanford Registry), we examined self-reported demographics, symptoms, comorbidity, and response to treatment in a sample of 243 adults with hyperacusis, 152 of whom were classified as having pain hyperacusis based on reported symptoms. Bayesian statistical tests were used to investigate both the presence and absence of group differences between patients with loudness and pain hyperacusis.

Results
Individuals with pain hyperacusis presented with a more severe clinical phenotype, reporting a higher frequency of temporary symptom exacerbations (i.e., “setbacks”), less perceived symptom improvement over time, more severe comorbid headache disorders, and reduced benefit from sound therapy. However, the two hypothesized hyperacusis subtypes exhibited more similarities than differences, with the majority of symptoms and comorbidities being equally prevalent across groups. Multiple comorbidities were commonly observed, including tinnitus, primary headache disorders, psychiatric disorders, and functional somatic syndromes. Intolerance of sensory stimuli in other modalities was also frequently reported.

Conclusion
Although this study provides little evidence that loudness and pain hyperacusis are pathophysiologically distinct conditions, our findings indicate that a pain-predominant phenotype may be a meaningful prognostic marker in patients with hyperacusis.