bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Organic Fertilizer Rice Washing Water and Planting Patterns on the Growth and Production of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Plants
Authors: Hamidah Hamidah , Andi Ahmad 
Published: January 2021

The increasing market demand causes organic farming to grow rapidly along with the optimization of health understanding. Organic agricultural products are popular with middle and upper class people who are willing to pay higher prices for healthy, safe and environmentally friendly food products. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal use of organic rice washing water and cropping patterns in the field for the growth and yield of F1 chili varieties.
The research was carried out in Kelurahan Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, East Kalimantan for approximately 4 (four) months, namely from October to February 2020.
This study used a Randomized Group Design which was arranged in factorial 3x2 with 2 replications. The first factor is liquid organic fertilizer consisting of 3 (three) levels including: P0 without treatment, P1 (liquid organic fertilizer 250 ml l-1 water), P2 (liquid organic fertilizer 500 ml l-1 water). The second factor is the cropping pattern which consists of 2 (two), namely T1 with Monoculture planting pattern, T2 with intercropping cropping pattern.
The results showed that the use of liquid organic fertilizer rice washing water can increase the growth and production of chilli F1 variety and intercropping cropping patterns as optimal land use in the field.
APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA NABATI BERBAHAN TUMBUHAN RAWA PADA HAMA PENGGEREK POLONG KEDELAI DI LAHAN RAWAPASANG SURUT
Authors: Akhsan Ni'matuljannah 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is to control environmentally friendly soybean pod borer by utilizing plants in swamps as a vegetable insecticide, namely Kepayang (Pangiumedule). The study was conducted on tidal land in the Village of Kiri Dalam, Barambai District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The study was designed in a randomized block design with 5 replications. The treatment is; 1. Kepayang leaf extract, 2. Without control, 3.Neem plant extract, 4. Chloriliprol insecticide. The results showed that the Kepayang leaf extract can be used as a botanical insecticide controlling soybean pod borer because it can suppress soybean pod attack by up to 62% and is no different from the Chloriliprol insecticide treatment by 64%.
Keywords: Applications, Swamp Plants, Boring Pods Borers, Tidal Swamps
Analisis Rantai Pasok Alpukat di Kecamatan Bandungan, Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Helyanda Muhammad aidi 
Published: January 2021

The research aims to analyze supply chain conditions and measure avocado marketing efficiency in Bandungan District, Semarang Regency. The research began in March ₋ June 2020. Methods of research used survey methods. The method of sampling farmers using the purposive sampling method, as much as 40 people. The sampling of marketing agencies was conducted by snowball sampling techniques. A total of 14 people consisted of Pegepul, wholesalers, and retailers. Primary data collection is done by interviews with respondents based on a prepared questionnaire. Data analysis methods used qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods and computation of marketing efficiency. The results showed that the condition of the avocado supply chain in Bandungan district was quite good. The target supply chain is clear, good supply chain structure, resources are adequate, although the implementation of management has not been said to be good, one of them because there is no contractual agreement between marketing institutions so that the amount of avocado sold can not be predicted. The supply chain business process indicates that the product flow in the avocado supply chain moves from the farmer to the consumer, the flow of information goes two-way, i.e. from farmer to consumer or vice versa and the financial flow is moving from consumer to farmer. In the business process, there is a slight obstacle because on the flow of avocado products and information is not yet well integrated, there is no definite cycle so that the delivery time or volume of production can not be predicted well. Marketing activities in the supply chain of the Bandungan district are quite efficient judging from the value of farmer's share (≥ 40%) And the value of the marketing margin of channels 1 Rp 11,800,-, Channel 2 Rp 11,374,-and channel 3 Rp 14,674,-.
Impact of new MBBS curriculum on the 1styear students and burden on teaching faculty: Are we making the balance?
Authors: Kotur Naveen , Anitha M. R. , Sappandi Nanda , Murthy Niranjan , Kunjathur Shilpashree Madhava , Nagaraja Sharath Burugina , Deepak Kishore Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Objectives:The Medical Council of India has introduced competency based medical education (CBME) for all the undergraduate medical students across the country. We conducted this study to assess the impact of new curriculum on students’ performance and the differential time utilization of the teaching faculty.Materials and Methods:It is a cross-sectional study conducted at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Bengaluru during January to March 2020. The college has an intake of 100 under-graduate students for an academic year. The sources of data included internal marks of the students and a semi-structured questionnaire for teaching faculty.Results:The mean (range) marks obtained by the students of 2018-19 and 2019-20 batch were found to be (a) theory: 48.75 (7 to 83) and 50.71 (10 to 78) (b) practical’s: 64.88 (38 to 90) and 69.70 (30 to 93). The man hours per week-faculty for different teaching activities during 2018-19 and 2019-20 were as follows: (a) theory teaching: 6 (16%) (b) practical teaching: 12 (32%) (c) research activities: 6 (16%) (d) planning activities: 8 (21%) (e) administrative activities: 6 (16%).Conclusion:The newer MBBS curriculum is found to be promising for the medical students but it is taking a huge toll on the teaching faculty. Measures to promote research and faculty strength in the existing medical colleges should be prioritized by policy makers.
Perinatal outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Srinivasa S. , Awati Muragesh 
Published: January 2021

Objectives:Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are multisystem diseases, which include chronic (preexisting) hypertension, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and pre-eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension. These disorders may complicate 5%–10% of all pregnancies and are leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. This study was done to assess the incidence of HDP and perinatal outcomes in comparison to normal pregnancy. The objectives of this study were to assess the incidence of HDP and its correlation with perinatal outcome.Materials and Methods:Eighty patients were enrolled for the study, Group A (cases) – 40 patients of HDP and Group B (controls) – 40 normotensive controls, these 40 normotensive controls were properly matched with Group A with respect to age and gestational age. The collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS statistics software 23.0 Version XVII.Results:In Group A, 45% were gestational hypertensive patients, 35% were pre-eclamptic patients, 12.5% eclampsia, and 7.5% chronic hypertension. Perinatal morbidity and mortality were increased in HDP when compared with age and gestational age-matched controls. Perinatal mortality was seen in 10% in Group A. In Group B(controls) there were no perinatal mortalities.Conclusion:The study demonstrated that high parity, low gestational age, lack of antenatal care, having eclampsia, pre-delivery onset of HDP, vaginal delivery, low fetal birth weight, and maternal death were independent predictors of perinatal mortality. The majority of perinatal mortality predictors were also predictors of stillbirths. The strong association of perinatal mortality with eclampsia (a late complication of HDP in the majority) and lack of antenatal care is an indirect evidence for the delay in the utilization of obstetric services.
PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEMS OF THE PROBABILITY THEORY
Authors: Стоцкая Татьяна Геннадьевна 
Published: January 2021

В настоящее время для решения многих практических задач в различных сферах человеческой жизни мы используем разные математико-статические методы. Данные методы базируются на основных понятиях и положениях теории вероятности. Проблема теории вероятности кроется в самой природе вероятности, раскрыть которую способен исключительно философский подход. Традиционно принято считать, что именно математическая теория вероятностей формулирует самое строгое определение вероятности. Но применение данного подхода гораздо шире: понятие вероятности стало одной из фундаментальных категорий биологии, космологии, кибернетики, физики.
Currently, to solve many practical problems in various fields of human life, we use different mathematical and static methods, these methods are based on the basic concepts and statements of probability theory. The problem of probability theory lies in the very nature of probability, which can be revealed by a philosophical approach. Traditionally, it is considered that mathematical probability theory formulates the strictest definition of probability. But the application of this approach is much broader: the concept of probability has become one of the fundamental categories of biology, cosmology, Cybernetics, and physics.
INSTITUTIONAL-FORMATION THEORY AND ITS CONSTITUTIVE PRINCIPLES
Authors: Сафонов Андрей Леонидович , Орлов Александр Дмитриевич 
Published: January 2021

Статья посвящается поиску путей преодоления кризиса гуманитарных наук, которые не дали адекватного объяснения процессам постиндустриального развития общества. Предметом исследования являются социально-философские и социологические теории, в рамках которых изучаются процессы глобализации. В процессе исследования использовались методы сравнительного анализа. С их помощью было показано, что единственной теорией, ставящей перед собой цель определения универсальных закономерностей развития общества, остается формационная теория. Тем не менее она должна быть дополнена и переосмыслена с учетом результатов, полученных в рамках теорий социальных институтов, и функционалистских, структуралистских и структурно-функционалистских концепций. На этой основе были сформулированы принципы создания институционально-формационной теории, которая будет позволять с высокой степенью достоверности прогнозировать направления развития социума и адекватно объяснять идущие в нем процессы.
The article is devoted to the search for ways to overcome the crisis in the humanities, which have not given an adequate explanation for the processes of the society post-industrial development. The subject of this research is socio-philosophical and sociological theories, within the framework of which the processes of globalization are studied. Methods of comparative analysis were used in the research. They helped to demonstrate that the only theory the goal of which is to determine the universal laws of society development is the formation theory. Nevertheless, it should be supplemented and reconsidered due to the results obtained within the framework of theories of social institutions, and functionalist, structuralist and structural-functionalist concepts. Based on this, the principles of creating an institutional-formation theory were formulated. It would allow predicting the highly reliable directions of the society development and providing an adequate explanation of its processes.
SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IMPLEMENTATION INTELLIGENT PRODUCTS: IDEAS VS IDEOLOGIES
Authors: Равочкин Никита Николаевич 
Published: January 2021

Реалии современной общественной жизни, формирующиеся под влиянием множества самых различных вызовов и вдобавок ко всему пребывающие в состоянии турбулентности ввиду нелинейности мира, требуют нетривиальных и своевременных ответов. Предназначение современных общественных наук видится в необходимости реализации не только лишь теоретического, но и прикладного потенциала. Сети интеллектуалов призваны создавать конкурентоспособные продукты, отражающие результаты их мыслительной деятельности, которые бы при этом обеспечивали эволюционное развитие того или иного общества. Статья посвящена рассмотрению давнего спора о том, какой из интеллектуальных продуктов, идеи или идеологии, наиболее эффективен с позиции осуществления социальных преобразований. Теоретико-методологическую базу исследования составили компаративистский метод и разработанная автором интегральная концепция изучения социальных преобразований, учитывающая положения акторно-сетевой теории, неоинституционализма, мир-системного анализа, нарративного подхода, теории фреймов и ряда других исследовательских установок. Рассмотрена сущность идей и идеологий. Показаны механизмы создания данных интеллектуальных продуктов. На основе анализа исторических фактов, связанных с идейной детерминацией процессов социальных преобразований, автор приходит к однозначному выводу о большей эффективности идей перед идеологиями.
The realities of contemporary social life, which are formed under the influence of many different challenges and, in addition, are in a state of turbulence due to the nonlinearity of the world, require non-trivial and timely responses. The purpose of contemporary social sciences is seen in the need to realize not only theoretical, but also applied potential. Intellectuals' networks are called upon to create competitive products reflecting the results of their mental activity, which would at the same time ensure the evolutionary development of a society. The article is devoted to consideration of a long-standing dispute about which of the intellectual products, ideas or ideology, is the most effective from the standpoint of implementing social transformations. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was formed by the comparative method and the integral concept of the study of social transformations developed by the author, taking into account the provisions of the actor-network theory, neoinstitutionalism, world-systems analysis, the narrative approach, the theory of frames, and a number of other research attitudes. The essence of ideas and ideologies is considered. Mechanisms for creating data for intellectual products are shown. Based on the analysis of historical facts related to the ideological determination of the processes of social transformations, the author comes to an unambiguous conclusion about the greater efficiency of ideas over ideologies.
CONTEMPORARY CITY AS AN AREA FOR INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE
Authors: Верпатова Оксана Юрьевна 
Published: January 2021

Показано, что современное социокультурное пространство города испытывает принципиальные изменения, связанные с миграционными процессами. Отмечается, что современный город как пространство межкультурного диалога играет двойную роль: помогает индивиду осваивать новые формы жизни, характерные для городской идентичности, и, наоборот, усиливает/подавляет его индивидуальность. Сделан вывод о том, как важен межкультурный диалог для сбалансированного существования города в целом, а также для всех сообществ и каждого субъекта в частности. Межкультурный диалог в пространстве города осуществляется в противоречивом диапазоне: от вражды и отчужденности - через адаптацию и компромисс - к осознанию значимости «другого».
The article is aimed at revealing that the contemporary socio-cultural space of the city is undergoing fundamental changes associated with migration processes. It is emphasized that the contemporary city as a space of intercultural dialogue plays a dual role: it helps the individual to master new forms of life that are characteristic of urban identity, and, on the contrary, strengthens/suppresses his individuality. It is concluded that intercultural dialogue is important for the balanced existence of the city as a whole, as well as for all communities and each subject in particular. Intercultural dialogue in the city space is carried out in a contradictory range: from hostility and alienation - through adaptation and compromise - to awareness of the significance of the «other».
VARIABILITY OF THE SEMIOTICS OF LIMINAL SITUATIONS IN THE CASE OF RELIGIOUS CHOICE
Authors: Лебедев Владимир Юрьевич , Безруков Андрей Львович 
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается вопрос о характере мировоззренческих предпочтений в современной социально-религиозной ситуации, актуализирующихся в случае необходимости выбора. Отмечается и анализируется роль абстрактных и конкретно-образных интерпретаций, окрашенных эмоционально. В качестве примера выбраны лиминальные ситуации, связанные с индивидуальной эсхатологией. Особенности такого рода интерпретаций соотносятся с уровнем и характером религиозности российского общества. Вхождение в религиозную группу мотивируется семиотической картиной указанных ситуаций. В данном контексте мы описываем феномены «позитивного посмертия» и «комфортной экзегетики».
The paper considers the question of the nature of the worldview preferences in the contemporary socio-religious situation, actualizing if it is necessary to choose. Also the paper notes and analyzes the role of abstract and concrete-figurative interpretations colored emotionally. Liminal situations associated with an individual eschatology are selected as an example. Features of this kind of interpretations are related with the level and nature of the religiosity of Russian society. Membership in a religious group is motivated by semiotic picture of these situations. In this context, we describe the phenomena of «positive afterlife» and «comfortable exegesis».
HUMANITARIAN KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE PHENOMENON OF ISLAM
Authors: Просандеева Наталья Васильевна 
Published: January 2021

Автор убежден в том, что ислам как целостный феномен требует серьезных междисциплинарных исследований комплекса гуманитарных и социальных наук: истории, антропологии, культурологии, политологии, социолингвистики, психологии. Это объясняется спецификой ислама как особой религиозной, социальной и политической системы. Только знание основ исламской культуры и цивилизации, а также ее современного состояния дает возможность объективно судить об исламском экстремизме и инструментах борьбы с ним. Необходимо хорошо понимать этот культурный и социальный мир.
The author is convinced that Islam as an integral phenomenon requires serious interdisciplinary research of the complex of humanities and social sciences: history, anthropology, cultural studies, political science, sociolinguistics, psychology. This is due to the specifics of Islam as a special religious, social and political system. Only knowledge of the basics of Islamic culture and civilization, as well as its current state, makes it possible to objectively judge Islamic extremism and the tools to combat it. This cultural and social world must be well understood.
ON F. NIETZSCHE’S NIHILISM DOCTRINE
Authors: Буланов Владимир Владимирович 
Published: January 2021

В статье анализируются точки зрения М. Хайдеггера, К. Ясперса и Ж. Делёза об учении Ф. Ницше о нигилизме. Автор предлагает критерии корректной интерпретации учения Ницше о нигилизме. Он формулирует три характерные черты данного учения. Это провозглашение Сократа первым нигилистом, отношение к эпохе «последнего человека» как к апогею нигилизма и акцент на девальвацию всех ценностей.
The article is aimed at the analysis of M. Heidegger’s, K. Jaspers’, and G. Deleuze’s approaches to F. Nietzsche’s nihilism doctrine. The author offers criterions of correct interpretation of F. Nietzsche´s nihilism doctrine. He formulates three characteristic features of this doctrine: declaring Socrates «the first nihilist», the attitude to the epoch of «the last man» as the apogee of nihilism, and the accent on devaluation of all values.
Transgressing Geographical and Gender Borders: A Study of Alternative Manhoods in Yosemite’s Climbing History
Authors: Martínez-García Laura 
Published: January 2021

The last few years have been eventful as far as mountaineering in Yosemite is concerned with the soloing of el Cap and the freeing of the Dawn Wall. The documentary film Valley Uprising: Yosemite’s Rock Climbing Revolution (Mortimer et al. 2014) not only traces the history of climbing in the Park but offers a more profound analysis of the evolution of society and gender roles in America in the last half-century, showing that, although the Valley is fairly isolated from urban communities, it is by no means disconnected from the ideological, political and cultural revolutions that the country has lived through. Yosemite is, in actual fact, a liminal space where gender roles and identities are contested, contracted and re-formulated. This article analyses three differing climbing styles that have dominated Yosemite in the 20th century, to prove that they overstep the physical borders of the territory and that each becomes paradigmatic of the dissenting masculinities that have continuously threatened the establishment outside the geographical limits of the Park. This genealogy of the particular masculinities of each group allows us to see that these manhoods —perceived as deviant or dissenting outside the Park— were, for insiders, the normative modes of being a man.
St. Theophanes the Recluse’ Project to Publish a New Journal “The Apologist”
Authors: Каширина Варвара Викторовна 
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается проект издания православного журнала «Апологет», предложенный святителем Феофаном в 1861 г. в письме к К. К. Зедергольму (впоследствии иеромонаху Оптиной пустыни Клименту). Святитель Феофан предложил состав редакционной коллегии, основные рубрики журнала, подробно описал методику работы редакционного коллектива. В числе ближайших соратников святителя были А. Д. и К. Д. Ушинские, С. О. Бурачок, В. И. Аскоченский, Н. В. Елагин и др. Проект по изданию журнала получил одобрение прп. Макария Оптинского. Новое издание, призванное защищать православную веру и нравственность, было особенно актуальным в эпоху ослабления цензуры и резкого увеличения периодических изданий либерально-западнического направления. Проект журнала с говорящим названием «Апологет» свидетельствовал об активной позиции святителя Феофана в области церковно-общественной жизни России второй половины XIX в., показывал его постоянную ревность о защите православия, готовность к борьбе с различными сектами и лжеучениями. К сожалению, проект по изданию журнала не был реализован.
The article discusses a project publication of an Orthodox journal called “The Apologist”, proposed by St. Theophanes in 1861 in a letter to K. K. Zederholm (later hieromonk of the Optina Hermitage Clement). St. Theophanes suggested members of the editorial board, the main headings of the journal, described in detail the working methods of the editorial team. Among the closest companions of the saint were A. D. and K. D. Ushinsky, S. O. Burachok, V. I. Askochensky, N. V. Elagin, and others. The project of publishing the journal was approved by the St. Macarius of Optina. The new edition, designed to protect the Orthodox faith and morality, was particularly relevant in an era of weaker censorship and a sharp increase in the periodicals of a liberal-Westernist direction. The project of the magazine with the meaningful name “The Apologist” testified to the active position of St. Theophanes in the field of church and public life in Russia in the second half of the 19th century, it showed his unremitting zeal in protecting Orthodoxy, his readiness to fight various sects and false teachings. Unfortunately, the project for the publication of the journal was never realized.