bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of Skeletal Muscle Ultrasound in Assessment of Suspected Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Patients
Authors: Ibrahim Rasha M , Hamdy Haitham M , Mohammed Amr A , Elsadek Ahmed M , Bassiouny Ahmed M , Fahmy Nagia A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degenerative muscle changes. Studies have shown that ultrasound can be useful both for diagnosis and follow-up of LGMDs patients.

Objectives
This study aims to measure the sensitivity and the specificity of muscle ultrasound in assessment of suspected limb girdle muscular dystrophy patients.

Subjects and Methods
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on Fifty-five patients with suspected LGMD from neuromuscular unit, myology clinic, Ain Shams University hospitals and eight healthy subjects. Age was above 2 years. Both sexes were included in the study. They underwent real-time B-mode ultrasonography performed with using Logiq p9 General Electric ultrasound machine and General Electric 7-11.5 MHZ linear array ultrasound probe. All ultrasound images have been obtained and scored by a single examiner and muscle echo intensity was visually graded semiquantitative according to Heckmatt's scale. The examiner was blinded to the muscle biopsy results and clinical evaluations.

Results
Statistical analysis revealed that the diagnostic performance of muscle US (Heckmatt’s score) in LGMD is most sensitive when calculated in all examined upper limb and lower limb muscles, followed by lower limb muscles alone. US of upper limb was found to be the least sensitive.

Conclusions
Muscle ultrasound is a practical and reproducible and valid tool that can be used in assessment of suspected LGMD patients.
Intra-Articular Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Hyaluronic Acid in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis (Systematic Review and Meta-analysis)
Authors: El-beltagy Atef Mohamed , Zakaria Zeiad M , Ibrahim ; Mohamed Abdel-Samei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Although PRP is one of the options in the management of knee OA, its effectiveness and wide application is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted the present systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and effectiveness of PRP versus HA injection for knee OA.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to compare between the efficacy of intra-articular injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Hyaluronic Acid in treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Methods
We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement. PRISMA and MOOSE are reporting checklists for Authors, Editors, and Reviewers of Meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies. According to International committee of medical journal association (ICJME), reviewers must report their findings according to each of the items listed in those checklists.

Results
The overall effect favoured PRP over HA for WOMAC function score, WOMAC pain score, WOMAC stiffness score, and WOMAC total score; mostly 6 and 12 months after treatment. According VAS score, we found that the overall effect favoured PRP over HA at 12 months only. In contrary, the overall effect did not favour PRP over HA for VAS score at 3 and 6 months. PRP is superior to HA for IKDC scores at 6 and 12 months with similar results at 3 months.

Conclusion
Intra-articular PRP injection is more effective in terms of pain relief and function improvement at short-term follow-up in the treatment of knee OA than HA, and there is no significant difference in the risk of adverse events between PRP and HA. A randomized controlled trial with larger group sizes is necessary to find the predictors of the response to PRP and HA intra-articular injection.
Comparison of Surgical Outcomes between Cortical Bone Trajectory and Conventional Pedicle Screw Trajectory for Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis (systematic review of literature)
Authors: Khattab Mohamed Fawzy , Kamal Mostafa Atef , Zaher Mbbch Naser Hussein 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Pedicle screw fixation the gold standard for lumbar spine stabilization. Pedicle screw has fixation offers multiple advantages, allowing superior correction of spinal deformities, and reduced rates of loss of non-union. Cortical Bone Trajectory (CBT) is a new technique in which screws follow a caudal-to-cephalad path in the sagittal plane and a medial-to-lateral directed path in the transverse plane. CBT is reducing operative and post-operative complications and has high fixation strength.

Purpose
To Compare the clinical outcomes between CBT and traditional trajectory (TT) in surgical management of degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Materials and Methods
A comprehensive electronic search in Pubmed, MEDLINE and Chocrane library databases, Google scholar and Research gate for articles that published between 2009 to 2020 using these keywords: Cortical bone trajectory, Cortical bone trajectory-pedicle screw, Pedicle screw.

Results
The majority of literature suggests that the CBT technique results in similar or decreased postoperative back and leg pain compared to TT. Regarding the disability ODI and the operative time showed no significant differences between the CBT and TT. Radiographic outcomes between both studies show no statistical difference in fusion rates and vertebral slippage. Intraoperative blood loss was significantly less with CBT compared to TT.

Conclusion
there is no widely accepted consensus regarding comparison of clinical outcomes and complications between the CBT and TT procedures. Generally, indications for CBT and TT are similar between most studies, especially for common pathologies resulting in spondylolisthesis.
Recent Methods of Neck Femur Fixation A Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Eid Ahmed Salem , Mohasseb Ahmed Mohamed , El-Bahnasy Ramy Mohamed Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Femoral neck fractures in adults younger than age 50 years are uncommon and often the result of high energy trauma. They account for only 2-3% of all femoral neck fractures. Femoral neck fractures are associated with aging and osteoporosis and can occur after relatively trivial trauma in elderly patients. femoral neck fractures are associated with higher incidences of femoral head osteonecrosis and nonunion. Fixation options include cannulated screws, non parallel cannulated screws, medial augmentation plate, and fixed angle femoral neck fixation implants. A systematic review of literature done to evaluate which technique is better.

Methods
After literature search thirteen articles were found and were reviewed to evaluate final outcome of fixation of neck femur fractures by cannulated screws, non parallel cannulated screws, medial augmentation plate, and fixed angle femoral neck fixation implants.

Results
After evaluation of all studies the incidence of nonunion, osteonecrosis of femoral head, implant failure & revesion surgery is lower in comparing Targon plate with multiple cannulated screws while we need further studies for application of non parallel screws and medial plate.

Conclusion
Targon plate recorded low incidence of complications in the final outcome in comparison with multiple cannulated screw while we need further studies for application of Non parallel screws and medial plate.
Surgical Outcomes and adverse effects for Minimally Invasive versus Open Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Wafa Mohamed Abdelsalam , Elkhateeb Tameem Shafik , Abdelhameed Reda Shaaban 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Minimal invasive techniques for lumbar interbody fusion is a novel surgical procedure developed to reduce approach-related morbidity associated with traditional open techniques.

Objective
To determine the clinical comparative effectiveness and adverse event rates of posterior minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared to open transforaminal or posterior lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF/PLIF) for early and late outcomes by using the visual analogue scale for back pain (VAS–back) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2018.

Data Extraction
If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures.

Conclusion
MIS techniques for lumbar interbody fusion is a safe alternative for classic open procedures but due to the limited number of the included RCTs, more well-designed multicenter RCTs with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are still needed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of both techniques.
Comparative Study between Surgical Excision of Radial Head Fracture versus Arthroplasty, a Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Megied Wael S. Abdel , Khaled Ahmed M , Rehan Waleed M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Radial head fracture is the most frequently diagnosed fracture of the elbow in adults. The radial head is a secondary valgus stabilizer of the joint and it is involved in transmission of axial force load through the elbow during flexion. It is also a varus and external rotatory constraint.

Aim of the Work
to compare the functional outcome between excision of head radius and Arthroplasty in surgical management of radial head fractures (Mason types III and IV) and to assess the complications of both techniques.

Patients and methods
This systemic review included subjects suffered comminuted radial head fracture Mason type III or type IV treated by radial head excision or arthroplastyin the last 14 years from 2004 till 2018. Results: The database search identified 152 potentially relevant articles. Abstracts have been analyzed following inclusion and exclusion criteria and a total of 17 papers were selected for the present review. Most of retrospective studies on metal radial head prosthesis have been published in the last ten years in comparison to a lack of studies for radial head excision in the last two decades. Moreover, few articles on comparison of the two surgical techniques have been found. Because of heterogeneity in level of evidence, surgical technique, type of implants, and rehabilitation protocol, we did not perform statistical data analysis.

Conclusion
No clinical differences between radial head excision and arthroplasty as both methods are considerable regarding complication on long & mid-term follow up and functional outcome assessed by DASH, VAS, MEPS & ROM.
Different Modalities of Management of Early and Late Traumatic Soft Tissue Defects of The Hand
Authors: AbdelAliem Moustafa Ahmed , Estawrow Mina Agaiby , Almajeed Shaaban Mohamed Abd , El-maraghy Abdelrahman Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hand injuries contribute to financial losses in terms of treatment, time off work and loss of job. Hand injuries are rising and therefore increasing awareness and improving management of hand injuries are warranted in low resources settings.

Objective
A systematic review and meta-analysis of different modalities of management of early and late traumatic soft tissue defects of the hand.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2018.

Data Extraction
If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures.

Conclusion
Soft tissue defects of the hand can be reconstructed effectively with multiple options that can restore function in addition to stable coverage. The use of grafts with several local and regional flaps have been identified including advancement flaps, rotation flaps in cases where local tissue is available and healthy. Which have the ability to match colour and texture of the recipient site, coverage of vital structures with minimal donor site morbidity. The preferred approach is the simplest method which can provide the most stable coverage. A careful selection of flap choice for coverage of a hand defects should take into account the anatomy and functional requirements of the defect site, the patient’s health condition and the surgeons experience to ensure good functional and aesthetic outcomes for the patients.
Shear Wave Elastography in Assessment of Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Abdulateef Alaa Kanaan , Gamrah Sherif Abou , Hassan Ayman Hassan , Ragheb Samar Ramzy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Liver fibrosis is major medical issues in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). It may lead to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related death. Therefore, assessing the degree of fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, especially before the advanced stage, is clinically important to allow early care and prevent fatal liver disease.

Objective
The plan was to do shear-wave Elastography after fibroscan (TE) in order to assess the stiffness of the liver, detect the changes occurred in hepatitis C patients and measure diagnostic accuracy of 2D- SWE by using TE as reference standard.

Methods
A cross-section study included 30 persons with positive hepatitis C. They were referred to Radiology department at National Hepatology and tropical medicine research institute.

Results
Our study included (30) patients who have hepatitis C positive, their ages ranged from (18) years old to (60) years old with mean SD of 52.97 ± 9.43. They were 17 females (56.7%) and 13 males (43.3%). Different liver fibrosis stages were observed by 2D-SWE as following: (FO) 4 patients (13.3%), (Fl) 4 patients (13.3%), (F2) 9 patients (30.0%), (F3) 10 patients (33.3%), (F4) 3 patients (10.0%). While TE (fibroscan) shows (FO) 6 (20.0%), (Fl) 3 patients (10.0%), (F2) 7 patients (23.3%), (F3) 8 patients (26.7%) (F4) 6 patients (20.0%). Our study showed that the relation between TE (fibroscan) and SWE finding had positive correlation of most patients with liver fibrosis with (p-value 0.006 and r-value 0.487). Because the impoltant of significant fibrosis for initiate antiviral protocol therapy, 30 patients classified into FO—FI (non-significant liver fibrosis) versus F2—F4 (significant liver fibrosis). Our study show significant discrimination was found between no/mild fibrosis (FO-FI) and significant fibrosis (F2-F4), shows the sensitivity of SWE in detection of significant fibrosis results is 95.2% and the specificity is 77.8%, PPV 90.91 %, NPV 87.5% and the accuracy 90.0% with cutoff value &gt;5.7kPa.

Conclusion
SD-SWE is accurate in prediction significant fibrosis (2F2), Thus is expected to overcome the limitation of TE as a reliable method to assess fibrosis induce by hepatitis.
Role of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in detecting the Prevalence of inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant candidates
Authors: Zaher Alaa Nasser Hussain , Abd El Aziz Tougan Taha , Abdelrahman Ahmed Samy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hearing loss management using cochlear implants in patients with inner ear anomalies has long been discussed in the otology community. Magnetic resonances imaging (B,/IRI) and Computed tomography (CT) play important roles in the preoperative assessment of inner ear abnormalities such as cochlear nerve deficiency and variant anatomy as these abnormalities may not only affect the decision of the implantation procedure or the patient's prognosis regarding auditory improvement, but also the risk of complications.

Objective
To examine the prevalence of inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant recipients in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss among the pediatric age group in the Demerdash hospital, Ain Shams university using High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and MRI imaging.

Methods
A retrospective descriptive study over the course of 9 months that included all patients that are candidates for cochlear implant referred to the Radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals for a preoperative imaging in the form of CT and VIRI scans.

Results
CT and MRI scans of 33 patients who had congenital hearing loss and were candidates for cochlear implantation with total 66 ears were reviewed. Inner ear anomalies were identified in 8 patients representing a prevalence (24.2%) with 14 ear diseased. Anomalies were seen bilaterally in 6 patients and unilaterally in 2 patients. Among the 14 diseased ear, 9 ears (64.3%) were seen with incomplete partition Il, 7 ears (50%) were seen with enlarged vestibular aqueduct, 4 ears (28.6%) were seen with cochlear hypoplasia, 3 ears (21.4%) were seen with semicircular canal aplasia, 2 ears (14.3%) were seen with incomplete partition type I, 2 ears (14.3%) were seen with cochlear nerve aplasia, 2 ears with cochlear aplasia (14.3%), I ear (7.1%) was seen with common cavity ear (7.1%) with complete labyrinthine aplasia.

Conclusion
Prevalence of inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant candidates was 24.2%. This result is consistent with results worldwide and the most common anomalies were Incomplete partition Il and large vestibular aqueduct.

Abbreviations
Computed tomography (CT), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), High resolution computed tomography (HRCT), Internal auditory canal (IAC), Cerebellopontine angle (CPA).
Cross sectional study of the relationship between the presence / severity of coronary artery disease evaluated by computed tomography coronary angiography and the presence/ degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease evaluated by trans-abdominal ultrasonography
Authors: Hetta Waleed Mohammed , Abdeldayem Emad Hamid , Hegazi Amal Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Coronary artery disease is one of the common causes of mortality worldwide.
Studies have shown a prevalence of 24.5% in Egypt. Therefore, early accurate diagnosis, risk factors and associations of coronary artery disease are of utmost importance.

Objectives
The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between the presence / severity of coronary artery disease and presence extent of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Patients and Methods
Cross-sectional study on total 52 patients performed multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography, and liver evaluation by abdominal ultrasonography at Dar Shefaa hospital.

Results
We found that there is a positive significant relationship between the number of coronary arteries affected and the coronary lesion degree of stenosis (proven by P value= 0.909). Also, a positive significant relationship between the number of affected vessels and the degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (proven by P value =-0.783). Also, a positive significance between coronary lesion stenosis degree and the degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (proven by P value= 0.785).

Conclusion
The existence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with the presence and existence of coronary artery disease. it is not still clear whether the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease causes coronary artery disease or whether this relationship is seem because of the common mechanisms causing both diseases, yet the relationship between the existence of hepatosteatosis and the extent of coronary artery disease has been strongly documented.
Role of Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Differentiating Benign from Pathological Vertebral Compression
Authors: Kamel Faten Mohammed Mahmoud , Rahman Hazem Ibrahim Abdel , Elkhayat Amany Sayed Khaleel Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Vertebral collapse is a common problem due to benign conditions (trauma, infection, osteoporosis) or malignant process. And although the spine is the most common site of bone metastases (39% of bony metastases in patients with primary neoplasms) benign vertebral fractures due to osteopenia occur in one third of cancer patients, making it essential to determine whether the cause of vertebral collapse is benign or malignant.

Aim of the Work
To establish the role of DWI in differentiating benign from pathologic vertebral fractures using ADC values in comparison with histopathology report /laboratory evaluation and clinical follow-up.

Patients and Methods
A cross sectional study is approved by the ethics review board of Ain Shams University Hospital (Al Demerdash). All patients provided informed consent for the MR imaging examinations and for inclusion of their data in this analysis. From April 2020 to october 2020, 25 cases with previous imaging with vertebral compression underwent conventional MRI study on the affected region. Diffusion weighted imaging and ADC was added.

Results
We performed DWI using maximum b-values 600, and quantitative analysis, named apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). We correlated the ADC number to histopathology, laboratory finding and clinical follow up. In our study there was significant difference (p &lt; 0.04) between DWI of the benign and malignant groups. Also the ADC value showed significant difference &lt;0.001. The mean ADCs of benign VCFs were higher significantly than those of pathological fractures.

Conclusion
DWI with ADC value was helpful when added to conventional MRI to differentiate benign from pathological (malignant) vertebral compression. It should be a routine sequence in patients with vertebral compression fractures for accurate diagnosis and successful management also can decrease no of biopsies.
Role of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of urinary bladder cancer
Authors: Al Thqaby Mahmoud Mohamed S , Abu-Gamrah Sherif H , Ibrahem Ayman M , Hussein Ahmed M , Elazab Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this work is to ellucidate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging in T-stage of bladder cancer, to find correlation between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and histologic grade and to detect early tumor recurrence.

Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, 34 patients were gathered, 28 men and 6 women, with ages ranging from 46 to 90 years, presented with gross hematuria or suspected of urinary bladder tumors detected on U/S and/or CT examinations. The patients were referred to Radiology department at national cancer institute for MRI examination after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. The urinary bladder tumors were classified in accordance with TNM classification from the American Joint Committee on Cancer into: T1 or lower, T2 (T2a or T2b), T3 (T3a or T3b), and T4.The mean ADC value of patients with low grade tumor (G1) and patients with high grade tumor (G2 or G3) was done The results were compared with histo-pathological examination obtained by transurethral resection (TUR) or after radical cystectomy.

Results
The overall accuracy of T stage diagnosis was 74.29% for T2-weighted images, 88.57 % for DW images, 80 % for contrast-enhanced images, and about 88.57 % for T2 plus DWIs. The mean ADC of G3 tumors was significantly lower than that of G1 and G2 tumors.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that adding DWIs to T2WIs lead to marked improvement regarding the accuracy for differentiating T2 or lower tumors from T3 and higher tumors, helping to limit the usage of contrast enhanced MRI imaging as a noninvasive diagnostic tool.