bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal microglia and proteinase inhibitors‐treated adult microglia improve traumatic brain injury in rats by resolving the neuroinflammation
Authors: Zheng Ping , Bai Qingke , Feng Jiugeng , Zhao Bing , Duan Jian , Zhao Lin , Liu Ning , Ren Dabin , Zou Shufeng , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMicroglia participate in the regulation of neuroinflammation caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI). This research aimed to explore the repair effects of intracranial injection of neonatal microglia or protease‐treated adult microglia on TBI in rat model. Lateral fluid percussion injury was used to establish rat brain injury model. E64 and serpinA3N were employed for the treatment of adult microglia. Cleaved caspase‐3 level was analyzed through immunoblotting assay. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was employed to analyze cytokine and chemokine levels. Astrocytosis and microgliosis were shown by immunofluorescence. The cognitive function of rats was analyzed by water maze. The injection of neonatal microglia inhibited cell apoptosis, reduced astrocytosis and microgliosis, decreased the level of chemokines and cytokines in cortex and ipsilateral hippocampus, and improved cognitive function of TBI rat model. The transplantation of peptidase inhibitors‐treated adult microglia also inhibited cell apoptosis, reduced astrocytosis and microgliosis, and improved cognitive function of rats with TBI. The transplantation of either neonatal microglia or peptidase inhibitors‐treated adult microglia significantly inhibited the pathogenesis of TBI in rat model, while untreated adult microglia showed no significant effect.
The relationship between coronary stent strut thickness and the incidences of clinical outcomes after drug‐eluting stent implantation: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Saito Akira , Dai Zhehao , Ono Masafumi , Kanie Takayoshi , Takaoka Yoshimitsu , Mizuno Atsushi , Komiyama Nobuyuki , Asano Taku 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDrug‐eluting stents (DESs) have been developed with thinner stent struts, and more biocompatible polymers and anti‐proliferative drugs to improve the clinical performance. However, it remains unclear whether thinner struts are associated with favorable short‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes such as target lesion revascularization (TLR), periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI), and stent thrombosis (ST).MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase and other online sources for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing clinical outcomes between a DES and other stent(s), with independent clinical event adjudication. We investigated stent‐related events (TLR, PMI, and ST) in 5 years. Each outcome was analyzed with random‐effects meta‐regression model against strut thickness, then adjusted for DES generation and patient and lesion characteristics.ResultsWe identified 49 RCTs enrolling 97,465 patients, of which strut thickness ranged from 60 to 140 μm. Incidences of 1‐year TLR, PMI, and early ST were reduced with thinner stent struts, when adjusted for stent generation (adjusted relative risk [RR] per 10 μm increase 1.12 [95% CI 1.04–1.21], 1.15 [95% CI 1.05–1.26], and 1.15 [95% CI 1.06–1.25], respectively). Strut thickness was not independently associated with incidences of 5‐year TLR, late and very late ST. In addition, early DESs contributed to a higher incidence of very late ST (adjusted RR 2.97 [95% CI 1.36–6.50]).ConclusionsIn this meta‐regression analysis, a thinner strut thickness was associated with reduced incidences of early stent‐related adverse events (1‐year TLR, PMI, and early ST), but not with later events (5‐year TLR, late ST, and very late ST).
Ten‐year outcomes of early generation sirolimus‐ versus paclitaxel‐eluting stents in patients with left main coronary artery disease
Authors: Park Hanbit , Kang Do‐Yoon , Kim Seon Ok , Lee Junghoon , Kim Ju Hyeon , Hyun Junho , Lee Pil Hyung , Ahn Jung‐Min , Park Seung‐Jung , Park Duk‐Woo ,   for the MAIN‐COMPARE Investigators
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo compare 10‐year outcomes after implantation of sirolimus‐eluting stents (SES) versus paclitaxel‐eluting stents (PES) for left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis. Very long‐term outcome data of patients with LMCA disease treated with drug‐eluting stents (DES) have not been well described. In 10‐year extended follow‐up of the MAINCOMPARE registry, we evaluated 778 patients with unprotected LMCA stenosis who were treated with SES (n = 607) or PES (n = 171) between January 2000 and June 2006. The primary composite outcome (a composite of death, myocardial infarction [MI] or target‐vessel revascularization [TVR]) was compared with an inverse‐probability‐of‐treatment‐weighting (IPTW) adjustment. Clinical events have linearly accumulated over 10 years. At 10 years, there were no significant differences between SES and PES in the observed rates of the primary composite outcome (42.0% vs. 47.4%; hazard ratio [HR] 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–1.10), and definite stent thrombosis (ST) (1.9% vs. 1.8%; HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.28–3.64). In the IPTW‐adjusted analyses, there were no significant differences between SES and PES in the risks for the primary composite outcome (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65–1.14) or definite ST (adjusted HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.29–3.90). In patients who underwent DES implantation, high overall adverse clinical event rates (with a linearly increasing event rate over time) were observed during extended follow‐up. At 10 years, there were no measurable differences in outcomes between patients treated with SES vs. PES for LMCA disease. The incidence of stent thrombosis was quite low and comparable between the groups.
On the Roles of Electron Transfer in Catalysis by Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles
Authors: Astruc Didier 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectron transfer plays a major role in chemical reactions and processes, and this is particularly true of catalysis by nanomaterials. The advent of metal nanoparticle (NP) catalysts, recently including atomically precise nanoclusters (NCs) as parts of nanocatalyst devices has brought increased control of the relationship between NP and NC structures and their catalytic functions. Consequently, the molecular definition of these new nanocatalysts has allowed a better understanding and management of various kinds of electron transfer involved in the catalytic processes. This Minireview brings a chemist‘s view of several major aspects of electron‐transfer functions concerning NPs and NCs in catalytic processes. Particular focus concerns the role of NPs and NCs as electron reservoirs and light‐induced antenna in catalytic processes from H2 generation to more complex reactions and sustainable energy production.
Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations of β‐Hydroxyketones
Authors: Hilker Simon , Posevins Daniels , Unelius C. Rikard , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHerein we report on the development and application of chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation (DYKAT) of α‐substituted β‐hydroxyketones (β‐HKs), using Candida antartica lipase B (CALB) as transesterification catalyst and a ruthenium complex as epimerization catalyst. An operationally simple protocol allows for an efficient preparation of highly enantiomerically enriched α‐substituted β‐oxoacetates. The products were obtained in yields up to 95 % with good diastereomeric ratios.
Workflow provenance in the lifecycle of scientific machine learning
Authors: Souza Renan , Azevedo Leonardo G. , Lourenço Vítor , Soares Elton , Thiago Raphael , Brandão Rafael , Civitarese Daniel , Vital Brazil Emilio , Moreno Marcio , Valduriez Patrick , Mattoso Marta , Cerqueira Renato , Netto Marco A. S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMachine learning (ML) has already fundamentally changed several businesses. More recently, it has also been profoundly impacting the computational science and engineering domains, like geoscience, climate science, and health science. In these domains, users need to perform comprehensive data analyses combining scientific data and ML models to provide for critical requirements, such as reproducibility, model explainability, and experiment data understanding. However, scientific ML is multidisciplinary, heterogeneous, and affected by the physical constraints of the domain, making such analyses even more challenging. In this work, we leverage workflow provenance techniques to build a holistic view to support the lifecycle of scientific ML. We contribute with (i) characterization of the lifecycle and taxonomy for data analyses; (ii) design decisions to build this view, with a W3C PROV compliant data representation and a reference system architecture; and (iii) lessons learned after an evaluation in an Oil & Gas case using an HPC cluster with 393 nodes and 946 GPUs. The experiments show that the decisions enable queries that integrate domain semantics with ML models while keeping low overhead (<1%), high scalability, and an order of magnitude of query acceleration under certain workloads against without our representation.
FPGA‐based HPC accelerators: An evaluation on performance and energy efficiency
Authors: Nguyen Tan , MacLean Colin , Siracusa Marco , Doerfler Douglas , Wright Nicholas J. , Williams Samuel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHardware specialization is a promising direction for the future of digital computing. Reconfigurable technologies enable hardware specialization with modest non‐recurring engineering cost, but their performance and energy efficiency compared to state‐of‐the‐art processor architectures remain an open question. In this article, we use FPGAs to evaluate the benefits of building specialized hardware for numerical kernels found in scientific applications. In order to properly evaluate performance, we not only compare Intel Arria 10 and Xilinx U280 performance against Intel Xeon, Intel Xeon Phi, and NVIDIA V100 GPUs, but we also extend the Empirical Roofline Toolkit (ERT) to FPGAs in order to assess our results in terms of the Roofline model. We show design optimization and tuning techniques for peak FPGA performance at reasonable hardware usage and power consumption. As FPGA peak performance is known to be far less than that of a GPU, we also benchmark the energy efficiency of each platform for the scientific kernels comparing against microbenchmark and technological limits. Results show that while FPGAs struggle to compete in absolute terms with GPUs on memory‐ and compute‐intensive kernels, they require far less power and can deliver nearly the same energy efficiency.
Stochastic greedy algorithms for maximizing constrained submodular + supermodular functions
Authors: Ji Sai , Xu Dachuan , Li Min , Wang Yishui , Zhang Dongmei 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThe problem of maximizing the sum of a constrained submodular and a supermodular function has many applications such as social networks, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. In this article, we study the monotone submodular + supermodular maximization problem under a cardinality constraint and a p‐system constraint, respectively. For each problem, we provide a stochastic algorithm and prove the approximation ratio of each algorithm theoretically. Since the algorithm of the latter problem can also solve the former problem, we do some numerical experiments of the two algorithms to compare the time as well as the quality of the two algorithms in solving the former problem.
The quality of nonfinancial voluntary disclosure: A systematic literature network analysis on sustainability reporting and integrated reporting
Authors: Minutiello Valentina , Tettamanzi Patrizia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe disclosure quality of Integrated Reporting (IR) and Sustainability Reporting (SR) is considered a relevant research topic because high‐quality disclosure is associated with a better representation of firms' performance and value creation process. However, only a few studies have addressed this topic and there is no clear knowledge as they have shown conflicting findings. In this paper, a systematic literature network analysis (SLNA) is applied to analyze the evolution of the research field on the topic of the disclosure quality of IR and SR. Findings show the actual state of the art on the quality of IR and SR disclosure and suggest new research trends. Moreover, this study applies a new methodology called SLNA to perform the analysis and it confirms its goodness as a method for dynamic analysis.
Endoscopic findings of cardiac lymphoid hyperplasia and Helicobacter pylori infection status
Authors: Adachi Kyoichi , Ishimura Norihisa , Notsu Takumi , Kishi Kanako , Mishiro Tomoko , Sota Kazunari , Nagano Nahoko , Ishihara Shunji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveLymphoid hyperplasia is endoscopically observed as multiple small whitish round nodules or spots. This retrospective study was performed to examine the prevalence of that finding in patients with Barrett's epithelium and its relationship with the status of H. pylori infection.MethodsThe study subjects were 3353 patients (males 2186, females 1167; mean age 55.2 ± 9.4 years) in whom the status of H. pylori infection had been determined. The presence of Barrett's epithelium ≥ 5 mm in length was endoscopically determined, and then endoscopic observations with blue laser imaging were used to investigate the presence of lymphoid hyperplasia in those areas.ResultsBarrett's epithelium was diagnosed in 1884 (56.2%) of the subjects, and endoscopic findings of lymphoid hyperplasia were observed in 402 (21.3%) of those with Barrett's epithelium. Lymphoid hyperplasia in Barrett's epithelium was not present in any without a current or prior H. pylori infection, while the prevalence of lymphoid hyperplasia in H. pylori‐positive and post‐eradicated subjects was 48.4% and 30.4%, respectively (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, younger age, and higher degree of gastric mucosal atrophy were significant factors related to lymphoid hyperplasia positivity. In addition, the duration after H. pylori eradication was negatively correlated with its prevalence.ConclusionEndoscopic findings of cardiac lymphoid hyperplasia were well correlated with H. pylori infection, although prevalence decreased over time following bacterial eradication.
Gastric adenocarcinoma arising from hamartomatous inverted polyp during 8‐year follow‐up
Authors: Okamura Takuma , Iwaya Yugo , Nagaya Tadanobu , Muranaka Futoshi , Ota Hiroyoshi , Umemura Takeji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGastric hamartomatous inverted polyp (GHIP) is rare, with few reports of carcinogenesis from GHIP during long‐term follow‐up. A 51‐year‐old woman was diagnosed as having a submucosal tumor (SMT) during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in 2008. In 2016, although the size and height of the lesion had not changed, she was referred to our hospital for further investigation of the lesion. EGD depicted a gastric SMT of 20 mm in diameter in the greater curvature of the upper gastric body, and a biopsy specimen showed a well to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Following successful laparoscopic total gastrectomy, histopathological examination revealed an intramucosal adenocarcinoma arising in GHIP.
Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy to manage gastric outlet obstruction associated with endoscopic submucosal dissection of large gastric epithelial neoplasms: A two‐case report
Authors: Uozumi Takeshi , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Tomita Yusuke , Tokuchi Kaho , Sakano Hiroya , Yoshida Masahiro , Fujii Ryoji , Minagawa Takeyoshi , Okagawa Yutaka , Morita Kohtaro , Yane Kei , Ihara Hideyuki , Hirayama Michiaki , Kondo Hitoshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report on two patients with stasis symptoms, including vomiting and nausea that were caused by deformity, stenosis, and decreased gastric peristalsis associated with artificial ulcers after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In both cases, the symptoms remained unresolved despite repetitive endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD). Therefore, laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy was performed. Soon after the procedure, their food intake was improved. Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy can be an option for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction induced by a large field of gastric ESD that is refractory to EBD.
A case of severe acute hemorrhagic duodenitis after administration of immune checkpoint inhibitor
Authors: Saito Keita , Nagumo Hironobu , Iwasaki Miyuki , Nishiwaki Takuro , Ozono Daiki , Inoue Shin , Yoshimura Souhei , Kishita Hideyuki , Nakachi Kenichiro , Harasawa Hisato , Kawamitsu Natsuki , Yoshimura Shigenobu , Shiratori Toshiyasu , Nakaji So , Ito Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTCase: A 66‐year‐old man started carboplatin + etoposide + atezolizumab therapy for advanced small cell lung cancer. Seventeen days after the start of treatment, the patient presented with hematemesis and underwent emergency endoscopy, which revealed multiple erosions and ulcers in the duodenum. Some ulcers showed pulsating bleeding, which was stopped by clipping and cauterization using hemostats. Biopsy of the mucosal peri‐ulcer showed lymphocyte, eosinophil, and plasma cell infiltration. The patient was suggested to have acute hemorrhagic duodenitis, which was associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and conservative treatment with blood transfusion and antacids was continued. However, 11 days after hemostasis, bleeding from a new ulcer was observed. Hemostasis was achieved by coagulation and clipping again, but the general condition of the patient deteriorated owing to the rapid progression of the primary disease, and he died 8 weeks after the start of treatment.Discussion: Although there have been several reports of colitis and other adverse events caused by ICIs, there have been very few reports of duodenitis. Endoscopic findings include diffuse erythema, erosions/ulcerations, and villous atrophy, and pathological findings include eosinophilic infiltration and increased levels of CD8‐positive T cells. However, there have been no reports of duodenal mucosal damage caused after administration of atezolizumab nor of severe cases of massive bleeding requiring endoscopic hemostasis and blood transfusion, as in this case.
A case of refractory tumor bleeding from an ampullary adenocarcinoma: Compression hemostasis with a self‐expandable metallic stent
Authors: Daiku Kazuma , Ikezawa Kenji , Maeda Shingo , Abe Yutaro , Kai Yugo , Takada Ryoji , Yamai Takuo , Fukutake Nobuyasu , Nakabori Tasuku , Uehara Hiroyuki , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough patients with ampullary cancers frequently experience obstructive jaundice and tumor bleeding, there have been few reports on efficient management of refractory hemorrhage after conservative treatment. In this report, we describe a case of refractory bleeding from a 15‐mm ampullary adenocarcinoma. A Japanese woman in her 60s was urgently hospitalized for cholangitis, pancreatitis, and sepsis treatment. Investigation with a side‐viewing duodenoscope revealed an ulcerated ampullary adenocarcinoma. After the patient underwent anticoagulation therapy for pulmonary thromboembolism, the tumor bleeding gradually increased, resulting in severe anemia. Because the anemia did not improve with fasting or discontinuation of the anticoagulation therapy, the patient underwent repeated red blood cell transfusions. As no hemobilia was observed in the bile juice aspirated during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, we supposed that the bleeding originated from the ulcerative cancer surface. We did not perform thermal therapy because we considered that it would worsen the bleeding. Abdominal angiography showed no pseudoaneurysms or extravasation. Ultimately, we performed transpapillary placement of a fully covered self‐expandable metallic stent (SEMS) with an anchoring double pigtail plastic stent that resulted in successful hemostasis. In this case, the mechanism of hemostasis was not presumably explained by direct compression of the bleeding point but by indirect compression. When tumor volume is small, the radial force of the SEMS may cause compression of the tumor volume, leading to shrinkage of the bleeding blood vessels. In conclusion, covered SEMS placement could be an efficient treatment for refractory ampullary cancer bleeding, even from an ulcerated cancer surface.
Successful endoscopic diagnosis of angiosarcoma of the small intestine: A case report
Authors: Tamura Koichi , Matsuda Kenji , Ito Daisaku , Sakanaka Toshihiro , Tamiya Masato , Hyo Takahiko , Kitano Masayuki , Yamaue Hiroki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA 51‐year‐old man had hematochezia, anemia, and an intraabdominal mass. Gastroscopy and colonoscopy showed no significant lesions with intraluminal bleeding, while radiological examinations showed bulky swelling of the lymph nodes around the abdominal aorta and a tumor in the left ischial bone. Small intestine endoscopy detected a dark purpuric protruding tumor of the jejunum and its biopsy specimen brought a definitive diagnosis of primary jejunal epithelioid angiosarcoma from positive staining of AE1/AE3, CD31, and erythroblast transformation specific related gene in immunohistochemical studies. The patient underwent surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy but died of progression of metastases 7 months after the diagnosis. Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract is an extremely rare malignancy with poor prognosis and it is challenging to distinguish from undifferentiated carcinoma or melanoma. Immunohistochemistry is necessary for a definitive diagnosis. Sufficient biopsy specimen may aid a prompt diagnosis of this disease of the small intestine, which may present as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
Endoscopic application of novel, infection‐free, advanced hemostatic material: Its usefulness to upper gastrointestinal oozing
Authors: Kubo Yuto , Kobayashi Satoru , Yamamoto Keiichi , Nakagawa Yoshie , Yamashita Kotaro , Saito Takuro , Tanaka Koji , Makino Tomoki , Yamamoto Kazuyoshi , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Kurokawa Yukinori , Yamasaki Makoto , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro , Nakajima Kiyokazu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐assembling peptides (TDMs) comprise synthetic amphipathic peptides that immediately react to changes in pH and/or inorganic salts to transform into a gelatinous state. The first generation of these peptides (TDM‐621) is currently used as a hemostatic agent in Europe. However, TDM‐621 exhibits slow gel‐formation and low retention capabilities on tissue surfaces. The second generation (TDM‐623) was therefore developed to encourage faster gel‐formation and better tissue‐sealing capabilities.AimThe aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of TDM‐623 in terms of its hemostatic effect in endoscopic surgery.Materials and methodsEvaluation of the hemostatic effect in endoscopic surgery (animal study) was performed using eight porcine in spine position. Following systemic heparinization, we established a “bleeding model” by endoscopic grasping forceps on the anterior walls of the stomach and duodenum. In the hemostasis method, an endoscope with a distal hood was brought into contact with the bleeding point, and 1 ml TDM‐623 was applied to the wound. After TDM‐623 gelation, the endoscope was removed, and the acute hemostatic effect (after 2 min) was confirmed.ResultIn the endoscopic bleeding model, 17 of the 23 cases (74%) showed complete hemostatic effects on the anterior wall of the stomach, and 18 of the 20 cases (80%) on the anterior wall of the duodenum, respectively. None of the applied gels were displaced from the anterior walls of the stomach and duodenum.ConclusionThe new self‐assembling peptide (TDM‐623) showed high hemostatic effects. TDM‐623 had potential usefulness for upper gastrointestinal endoscopic surgery.