bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical organoids model early brain development disrupted by 16p11.2 copy number variants in autism
Authors: Urresti Jorge , Zhang Pan , Moran-Losada Patricia , Yu Nam-Kyung , Negraes Priscilla D. , Trujillo Cleber A. , Antaki Danny , Amar Megha , Chau Kevin , Pramod Akula Bala , Diedrich Jolene , Tejwani Leon , Romero Sarah , Sebat Jonathan , Yates III John R. , Muotri Alysson R. , Iakoucheva Lilia M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReciprocal deletion and duplication of the 16p11.2 region is the most common copy number variation (CNV) associated with autism spectrum disorders. We generated cortical organoids from skin fibroblasts of patients with 16p11.2 CNV to investigate impacted neurodevelopmental processes. We show that organoid size recapitulates macrocephaly and microcephaly phenotypes observed in the patients with 16p11.2 deletions and duplications. The CNV dosage affects neuronal maturation, proliferation, and synapse number, in addition to its effect on organoid size. We demonstrate that 16p11.2 CNV alters the ratio of neurons to neural progenitors in organoids during early neurogenesis, with a significant excess of neurons and depletion of neural progenitors observed in deletions. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling revealed multiple pathways dysregulated by the 16p11.2 CNV, including neuron migration, actin cytoskeleton, ion channel activity, synaptic-related functions, and Wnt signaling. The level of the active form of small GTPase RhoA was increased in both, deletions and duplications. Inhibition of RhoA activity rescued migration deficits, but not neurite outgrowth. This study provides insights into potential neurobiological mechanisms behind the 16p11.2 CNV during neocortical development.
Integrated analysis of pain, health-related quality of life, and analgesic use in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with Radium-223
Authors: Badrising Sushil K. , Louhanepessy Rebecca D. , van der Noort Vincent , Kieffer Jacobien , Coenen Jules L. L. M. , Hamberg Paul , Beeker Aart , Wagenaar Nils , Lam Marnix , Celik Filiz , Loosveld Olaf J. L. , Oostdijk Ad , Zuetenhorst Hanneke , de Feijter Jeantine M. , Dezentjé Vincent O. , Ras-van Spijk Suzan , Vegt Erik , Haanen John B. , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke V. , Zwart Wilbert , Bergman Andries M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Radium-223 (Ra-223), an alpha-emitting radiopharmaceutical, established an improved overall survival and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. However, effects on pain were not specifically evaluated. Here we assess integrated HRQoL, pain, and opioid use in a contemporary, more extensively pretreated, symptomatic and asymptomatic mCRPC population.

Methods
mCRPC patients scheduled for Ra-223 treatment were included and analyzed for HRQoL, pain, and opioid use, using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) and Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) questionnaires and recording of opioid use and dosage, respectively. Primary outcome measure was the percentage of patients experiencing a complete pain response (score of 0 on the BPI-SF Worst pain item and no increase in daily use of analgesics). A complete or partial pain response (better BPI-SF score and decrease in opioid use) and a better or no change in HRQoL was evaluated as an integrated overall clinical response (IOCR). Secondary endpoints included the time to pain progression (TPP) and Total FACT-P deterioration (TTFD), defined as time from first Ra-223 treatment to clinical meaningful increase in BPI-SF Worst pain item score and Total FACT-P score, respectively.

Results
This registry included 300 patients, of whom 105 (35%) were evaluable for FACT-P and BPI-SF during Ra-223 treatment. Forty-five (43%) patients had pain at baseline (PAB) (BPI-SF Worst pain score 5–10 points) and 60 (57%) had no pain at baseline (no-PAB) (BPI-SF Worst pain score 0–4 points). Complete pain response was achieved in 31.4% of the patients, while 58% had an IOCR. The median TTP and TTFD were 5.6 and 5.7 months, respectively, while the difference between PAB and no-PAB patients was not significant.

Conclusions
In contemporary, extensively pretreated mCRPC patients, Ra-223 treatment induced complete pain responses while integrated analysis of HRQoL, pain response, and opioid use demonstrated that the majority of patients derive clinical benefit.
Long noncoding RNA LINC00261 upregulates ITIH5 to impair tumorigenic ability of pancreatic cancer stem cells
Authors: Zou Lijuan , He Hengpeng , Li Zhiguo , Chen Ou , Jia Xiukun , Zhang Hao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated tumor development in a range of different cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a drug-resistant cancer cell subset, drive tumor progression in PC. In this work, we aimed to investigate the mechanism by which lncRNA LINC00261 affects the biological functions of CSCs during the progression of PC. Microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes and lncRNAs suggested that LINC00261 is downregulated in PC. Both LINC00261 and ITIH5 were confirmed to be downregulated in PC cells and PC stem cells. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function investigations were performed to analyze their effects on cell proliferation, drug resistance, cell cycle distribution, self-renewal, invasion, and ultimately overall tumorigenicity. These experiments revealed that the expression of stem cell markers was reduced, and cell proliferation, self-renewal ability, cell invasion, drug resistance, and tumorigenicity were all suppressed by upregulation of LINC00261 or ITIH5. The results of dual-luciferase reporter gene, ChIP, and RIP assays indicated that LINC00261 binds directly to GATA6, increasing its activity at the ITIH5 promoter. The presence of LINC00261 and GATA6 inhibited the self-renewal and tumorigenesis of PC stem cells, while silence of ITIH5 rescued those functions. Collectively, this study identifies the tumor suppressive activity of LINC00261 in PC, showing that this lncRNA limits the functions of PC stem through an ITIH5/GATA6 regulatory pathway.
Quantifying the subjective cost of self-control in humans
Authors: Raio Candace M. , Glimcher Paul W. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
The failure to use self-control is a fundamental problem that humans face in daily life. Recent work suggests that these “failures” might be better understood as a rational decision-making process that weighs the benefits of exercising self-control against its attendant cognitive costs. However, we still know little about how to measure these costs or how they change under different circumstances. Across five independent studies, we find that self-control costs can be measured in humans through monetary willingness to pay to avoid temptation and, further, that these costs appear to be sensitive to incentives, stress exposure, and variability in temptation intensity. Our findings may open avenues of research into computational models of self-control that inform psychological, economic, and health policy research.
Native structure of the RhopH complex, a key determinant of malaria parasite nutrient acquisition
Authors: Ho Chi-Min , Jih Jonathan , Lai Mason , Li Xiaorun , Goldberg Daniel E. , Beck Josh R. , Zhou Z. Hong 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Malaria parasites invade and replicate within human red blood cells, which lack nuclei and have minimal metabolic activity. To survive, the parasites create new pathways that alter the permeability of the red blood cell membrane, allowing them to import nutrients and export waste. Here, we present the native structure of the three-membered RhopH protein complex, which plays a key role in this process. We determined the structure of this essential complex from a heterogeneous mixture of proteins enriched directly from parasite cell lysate, using a cryo-electron microscopy–enabled endogenous structural proteomics approach. The native structure of the RhopH complex in a soluble, trafficking state helps elucidate the long-standing question of how parasite transmembrane proteins are trafficked to the erythrocyte membrane.
Psychological ownership interventions increase interest in claiming government benefits
Authors: De La Rosa Wendy , Sharma Eesha , Tully Stephanie M. , Giannella Eric , Rino Gwen 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Most government benefits programs exhibit a sizable participation gap, with eligible individuals forgoing billions of dollars in government benefits each year. Many policymakers have focused on addressing this participation gap, as receiving government benefits has been shown to reduce poverty, childhood hunger, educational gaps, and physical and mental illness. The current work presents psychological ownership framing as a behavioral science intervention, and we show that it can help address this benefits participation gap. These interventions are subtle, simple to implement, and cheaper to execute relative to logistical interventions. Moreover, the data show that psychological ownership interventions can be more efficacious than other common psychological interventions such as social norms and urgency.
LRRK2 plays essential roles in maintaining lung homeostasis and preventing the development of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Tian Yujie , Lv Jiaoyan , Su Ziyan , Wu Tao , Li Xiaoguang , Hu Xiaoyu , Zhang Jianhong , Wu Li 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Pulmonary fibrosis is a common final outcome of many lung diseases, and its occurrence may be closely associated with the disturbance of lung homeostasis and with alterations in pulmonary function. In this study, we identified leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) as a pivotal molecule in alveolar type II epithelial (AT2)–coordinated pulmonary responses in the context of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Our results demonstrated that LRRK2 restrained progressive pulmonary fibrosis by preventing AT2 cell dysfunction and the subsequent CCL2/CCR2 axis–dependent macrophage-mediated profibrotic responses. Our study highlights the important biological functions of LRRK2 in the maintenance of lung homeostasis and the prevention of fibrotic lung disease, thereby providing a potential target for developing clinical therapeutic strategies.
Tardigrades exhibit robust interlimb coordination across walking speeds and terrains
Authors: Nirody Jasmine A. , Duran Lisset A. , Johnston Deborah , Cohen Daniel J. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
As perhaps the smallest legged animal and one of the only known soft-bodied walkers, tardigrades possess a uniquely versatile set of locomotor tools. Tardigrades have evolved to move through a vast array of environments—freshwater, marine, and terrestrial—using a strongly conserved body plan. We characterize tardigrade interleg coordination patterns using high-speed video of animals walking on gel substrates. Tardigrades utilize a tetrapod-like stepping pattern remarkably similar to that observed in insects, despite significant disparities in size and skeletal structure between the two groups. We find that tardigrades adapt their locomotion to a “galloping” coordination pattern when walking on softer substrates. This strategy has also been observed in arthropods to move efficiently on flowing or granular substrates.
Improving Mental Health Awareness
Authors: Sabella Donna 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT:
It's important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of mental illness and to take action to ensure people experiencing mental health problems receive the assistance and treatment they need. For nurses, this is as true at home as it is at work, particularly so when a person is exhibiting aggressive tendencies or other behaviors that could potentially lead to harm. With the COVID-19 crisis leading many family members to live more closely together for extended periods, nurses should be able to identify concerning behaviors and know what to do if they observe these in their loved ones.
The secret life (cycle) of temperate bacteriophages
Authors: Fillol-Salom Alfred , Bacigalupe Rodrigo , Humphrey Suzanne , Chiang Yin Ning , Chen John , Penadés José R 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLysogenic induction ends the stable association between a bacteriophage and its host, and the transition to the lytic cycle begins with prophage excision followed by DNA replication and packaging (ERP) – a temporal program that is considered universal for most temperate phages. Here we report that the long-standing ERP program is an artefact of the experimentally favoured Salmonella phage P22 tsc229 heat-inducible mutant, and that wildtype P22 actually follows a replication-packaging-excision (RPE) program. We found that unlike P22 tsc229, P22 delayed excision to just before it was detrimental to phage production. Thus, at minimal expense to itself, P22 has tuned the timing of excision to balance propagation with lateral transduction, powering the evolution of its host through gene transfer in the interest of self-preservation.One Sentence SummaryGenetic analyses propose a new life cycle for temperate bacteriophages.
Sense of calling, emotional exhaustion and their effects on hotel employees’ green and non-green work outcomes
Authors: Karatepe Osman M. , Rezapouraghdam Hamed , Hassannia Rahelel 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Drawing on the self-determination and conservation of resources theories, as well as the transactional theory of stress, this paper aims to develop and empirically test a research model depicting the interrelationships of sense of calling, emotional exhaustion (EXH), intent to remain with the organization (IRO), task-related pro-environmental behavior (PEB) and non-green behavior (NGB).

Design/methodology/approach
Data came from hotel employees with three waves of one-week time lag and their direct supervisors in China. The authors assessed these linkages through structural equation modeling.

Findings
Sense of calling mitigates EXH and NBGs, while it fosters IRO and task-related PEBs. EXH partly mediates the influence of sense of calling on NGBs.

Practical implications
It is important to maintain a workplace in which employees foster their work competence, possess a more positive interpretation of work meaning and accomplish their career goals. Management should organize environmental training programs that would compel employees to pay attention to the protection of nature and scarce resources and enable them to be involved in the environmental sustainability process.

Originality/value
A search made in the hospitality and tourism literature shows that few studies have investigated the consequences of employees’ sense of calling. The authors’ search also highlights the void that little is known about the mechanism linking sense of calling to green and non-green outcomes.
Methamphetamine and alcohol detection in vehicle‐driver fatalities in South Australia: A 10‐year survey (2008–2018)
Authors: O’Donovan Siobhan , Lewis Daniel , van den Heuvel Corinna , Baldock Matthew , Humphries Melissa A. , Byard Roger W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMotor vehicle driver fatalities (≥18 years) from the files at Forensic Science South Australia were reviewed from January 2008 to December 2018 for cases in which either positive blood sample for methamphetamine (MA) or an illegal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) >0.05g/100 ml were found. Three hundred driver deaths were found with MA detected in 28 cases (age range 21–62 years; ave. 37.8 years; M:F 23:5). Hundred and fifteen cases with a BAC > 0.05 g/100 ml were identified (age range 18–67 years; ave 35.7 years; M:F 95:20). No change was found in numbers of MA cases, although alcohol cases showed a significant decline (p < 0.001). Drunk driving‐related fatal crashes tended to occur in the evening (5 p.m. to 11 p.m.), while MA‐related fatal crashes had a longer peak extending from late evening until late morning (11 p.m. to 8 a.m.). This study has demonstrated that while roadside breath testing, legislative changes, and increased monitoring have resulted in reduced levels of drunk driving, similar safety countermeasures have had negligible effects on MA use in drivers. Continued monitoring of MA use by drivers will, therefore, be necessary to assess the possible effects, or not, of new countermeasures.
Adult Bochdalek hernia following living donor left hepatectomy repaired by thoracoscopy‐assisted surgery: A case report
Authors: Takagi Kosei , Kuise Takashi , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Yoshida Ryuichi , Umeda Yuzo , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi , Yagi Takahito 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBochdalek hernia is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (DH). Herein, we report a case of adult Bochdalek hernia following living donor hepatectomy repaired by thoracoscopy‐assisted surgery. A 36‐year‐old man underwent living donor left hepatectomy. Four months later, the patient presented with acute epigastric pain. Computed tomography found the left‐sided DH in which the stomach was incarcerated into the pleural cavity without ischemic changes. As endoscopic intervention was unsuccessful, the herniated stomach was repositioned by thoracoscopy‐assisted surgery. The 3‐cm hernia orifice was found to have a smooth edge with no hernia sac, suggesting Bochdalek hernia, and the defect was primarily closed. The patient was followed up for 20 months without hernia recurrence. This is the first presentation of a case of Bochdalek hernia following donor hepatectomy. In cases of early detected DH, primary repair via a transthoracic approach with thoracoscopy‐assisted surgery is safe and feasible.
Introduction: Urban Precarity
Authors: Campbell Brian , Laheij Christian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCities have long been associated with precarity. This link seems to have intensified under contemporary global regimes of capitalism, with both popular and academic discourses noting the risks that come with building and inhabiting urban environments. The introduction to this special issue reflects on the various ways in which anthropology has engaged with the relationship between “urbanity” and “precarity.” It argues that current work on precarity either favors the experiences of the Global North or sidelines the urban dimension. Studies that overcome these obstacles, moreover, are largely crystalizing around discussions of infrastructure and securitization. We offer the notion of “urban precarity” as a call for ethnography that cross‐germinates developments in urban studies with those made in our understanding of precarity. By foregrounding the urban, the ethnography collated here suggests that in the cities of late capitalism, precarity emerges as a multifaceted condition, encapsulating not only legal and economic deprivation but also moral, spiritual, political, and health‐related uncertainties. As the protagonists of our ethnography struggle to deal with the many threats bearing down upon them, precarity is also revealed as a condition conducive to world‐building and social transformation, although such forms of creative agency are highly experimental and liable to backfire.
Navigating labels, seeking recognition for victimhood: Diaspora activism after mass‐atrocities
Authors: Orjuela Camilla 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article analyses diaspora mobilization for transitional justice as efforts to gain recognition for victim‐based identities. Building on research among diaspora groups from Rwanda and Sri Lanka in North America and Europe, the article investigates how diaspora actors in their quest for victimhood recognition navigate, make use of and challenge labels such as “victim”, “perpetrator”, “genocide”, “survivor” and “terrorist”. The article uses Jacoby's theory of victimhood to draw attention to the diasporic space as particularly conducive for recognition struggles, and discuss the different stages through which victim‐based identities are constructed. The empirical examples reveal how serveral competing and interrelated processes towards victimhood recognition are simultaneously at work, and how diaspora actors both refute and creatively make use of categories that assign blame or signal victimhood and resilience.
Treatment of zeolite adsorbed material as a potential nuclear waste glass‐ceramic matrix
Authors: Wei Guilin , Luo Fen , Miao Yulong , Han Wenhong , Xie Yi , Huang Wenxiao , Xu Zhengfan , Lu Xirui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractZeolite, as a common adsorption material, should be safely treated after adsorbing different nuclear wastes. In this study, different types of simulated zeolite wastes were successfully immobilized based on the exploring result of suitable experiment conditions. Firstly, sintering temperature was selected based on TG‐DSC and phase results, which represented mainly as glassy phase. Then, the holding time was chosen through density and Vickers hardness results. For the sintering of zeolite, the suitable temperature is 1500℃ and the holding time is 1 h. Through the fitting process, FT‐IR results demonstrate that the main microstructures compose of sheet silicates. Three types of simulated zeolite wastes can successfully transform into matrix and all the waste contents were uniformly immobilized. Finally, SEM‐EDS results prove that the matrix is glass‐ceramic which can well immobilize the considered nuclear wastes. This work proposes the idea of treatment of zeolite adsorbed material as a potential nuclear waste glass‐ceramic matrix and the suitable conditions were also investigated.