bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eruptivity in Solar Flares: The Challenges of Magnetic Flux Ropes
Authors: Lin Pei Hsuan , Kusano Kanya , Leka K. D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Two new schemes for identifying field lines involved in eruptions, the r-scheme and q-scheme, are proposed to analyze the eruptive and confined nature of solar flares, as extensions to the original r

m
scheme proposed in Lin et al. Motivated by three solar flares originating from NOAA Active Region 12192 that are misclassified by r

m
, we introduce refinements to the r-scheme employing the “magnetic twist flux” to approximate the force balance acting on a magnetic flux rope (MFR); in the q-scheme, the reconnected field is represented by those field lines that anchor in the flare ribbons. Based on data obtained by the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, the coronal magnetic field for 51 flares larger than M5.0 class, from 29 distinct active regions, is constructed using a nonlinear force-free field extrapolation model. Statistical analysis based on linear discriminant function analysis is then performed, revealing that despite both schemes providing moderately successful classifications for the 51 flares, the coronal mass ejection-eruptivity classification for the three target events can only be improved with the q-scheme. We find that the highly twisted field lines and the flare-ribbon field lines have equal average force-free constant α, but all of the flare-ribbon-related field lines are shorter than 150 Mm in length. The findings lead us to conclude that it is challenging to distinguish the MFR from the ambient magnetic field using any quantity based on common magnetic nonpotentiality measures.
Testing Photoevaporation and MHD Disk Wind Models through Future High-angular Resolution Radio Observations: The Case of TW Hydrae
Authors: Ricci Luca , Harter Sarah K. , Ercolano Barbara , Weber Michael 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present theoretical predictions for the free–free emission at centimeter wavelengths obtained from photoevaporation and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wind disk models adjusted to the case of the TW Hydrae young stellar object. For this system, disk photoevaporation with heating due to the high-energy photons from the star has been proposed as a possible mechanism to open the gap observed in the dust emission with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We show that the photoevaporation disk model predicts a radial profile for the free–free emission that is made of two main spatial components, one originated from the bound disk atmosphere at 0.5–1 au from the star, and another more extended component from the photoevaporative wind at larger disk radii. We also show that the stellar X-ray luminosity has a significant impact on both these components. The predicted radio emission from the MHD wind model has a smoother radial distribution which extends to closer distances to the star than the photoevaporation case. We also show that a future radio telescope such as the Next Generation Very Large Array would have enough sensitivity and angular resolution to spatially resolve the main structures predicted by these models.
Study on the Energy Limits of kHz QPOs in Sco X-1 with RXTE and Insight-HXMT Observations
Authors: Jia S. M. , Qu J. L. , Lu F. J. , Zhang S. N. , Zhang S. , Huang Y. , Wang D. H. , Zhou D. K. , Xiao G. C. , Bu Q. C. , Chen L. , Ma X. , Song L. M. , Tao L. , Cao X. L. , Chen Y. , Liu C. Z. , Xu Y. P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present a detailed spectral-timing analysis of the Kilohertz quasiperiodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in Sco X-1 using the data of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT). The energy band with detectable kHz QPOs is studied for the first time: on the horizontal branch, it is ∼6.89–24.01 and ∼8.68–21.78 keV for the upper and lower kHz QPOs, respectively, detected by the RXTE, and ∼9–27.5 keV for the upper kHz QPOs by the Insight-HXMT; on the lower normal branch, the energy band is narrower. The fractional root mean square (rms) of the kHz QPOs increases with energy at a lower energy, reaches a plateau at about 16 and 20 keV for the lower and upper peaks, and then levels off though with a large uncertainty. The simulation of the deadtime effect of RXTE/PCA shows that the deadtime does not affect much the search of the kHz QPOs but makes the rms amplitude underestimated. No significant QPO is detected below ∼6 keV as shown by the RXTE data, implying that the kHz QPOs do not originate from the blackbody emission of the accretion disk and neutron star surface. In addition, with the combined analysis of the energy spectra and the absolute rms spectra of kHz QPOs, we suggest that the kHz QPOs in Sco X-1 originate from the Comptonization of the inner part of the transition layer, where the rotation sets the frequency and the inward bulk motion makes the spectrum harder.
Minimizing Unconscious Bias in Nursing School Admission
Authors: Noone Joanne , Najjar Rana Halabi 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The potential exists for unconscious bias to influence decisions throughout the admission process to nursing school and derail holistic admission review processes. Although little is known about unconscious bias in nursing school admissions, unconscious bias has been demonstrated in nurse educators at levels similar to the general population.

Method:
This article examines concepts of unconscious bias, factors that may interfere with accurate and fair assessment of applicants to nursing school, and ways to mitigate unconscious bias in the application and admission decision processes.

Results:
Interventions that have shown success in reducing unconscious bias center on increased awareness of the presence of unconscious bias and cognitive strategies that include motivation and effort to counter the unconscious bias.

Conclusion:

Creating structures in the admission process that promote fairness and reduce the risk of relying on automatic judgments can minimize the influence of unconscious bias on admission decisions.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(6):317–323.]
An Intercultural Peer-Mentoring Program for Prelicensure Nursing Students
Authors: Lewis Lisa S. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Nursing students from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds may require additional support for academic success.

Method:
A CALD peer-mentoring program was offered in an Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing (ABSN) program. The Logic Model framework was used to plan the program.

Results:
Mentors and mentees expressed satisfaction and derived benefits from the mentoring program. They were retained in the ABSN program and all but one had on-time academic progression.

Conclusion:

The CALD peer-mentoring program was cost effective and successful. A challenge to be addressed is the need to overcome scheduling conflicts for mentors and mentees to meet.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(6):343–345.]

.
Targeting of Deciduous Tooth Pulp Stem Cell–Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Telomerase-Mediated Stem Cell Niche and Immune Regulation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Sonoda Soichiro , Murata Sara , Kato Hiroki , Zakaria Fouad , Kyumoto-Nakamura Yukari , Uehara Norihisa , Yamaza Haruyoshi , Kukita Toshio , Yamaza Takayoshi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Systemic transplantation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) is used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)–like disorders in MRL/lpr mice. However, the mechanisms underlying the SHED-based therapy remain unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that trophic factors within SHED-releasing extracellular vesicles (SHED-EVs) ameliorate the SLE-like phenotypes in MRL/lpr mice. SHED-EVs were isolated from the culture supernatant of SHED. SHED-EVs were treated with or without RNase and systemically administered to MRL/lpr mice. Subsequently, recipient bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) isolated from SHED-EV–administered MRL/lpr mice were examined for the in vitro and in vivo activity of hematopoietic niche formation and immunoregulation. Furthermore, the recipient BMMSCs were secondarily transplanted into MRL/lpr mice. The systemic SHED-EV infusion ameliorated the SLE-like phenotypes in MRL/lpr mice and improved the functions of recipient BMMSCs by rescuing Tert mRNA-associated telomerase activity, hematopoietic niche formation, and immunoregulation. The secondary transplantation of recipient BMMSCs recovered the immune condition and renal functions of MRL/lpr mice. The RNase treatment depleted RNAs, such as microRNAs, within SHED-EVs, and the RNA-depleted SHED-EVs attenuated the benefits of SHED-EVs in MRL/lpr mice. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHED-secreted RNAs, such as microRNAs, play a crucial role in treating SLE by targeting the telomerase activity of recipient BMMSCs.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA C 4.5 DALAM SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN EVALUASI KINERJA FASILITATOR PAMSIMAS (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR)
Authors: Gustiana Zelvi 
Published: June 2021

Evaluasi kinerja merupakan metode dan proses penilaian dari pelaksanaan tugas seseorang atau sekelompok orang (fasilitator) dalam satu perusahaan atau organisasi. Evaluasi kerja fasilitator telah memiliki standar yang telah ditetapkan. Kualitas kinerja fasilitator diukur berdasarkan kriteria tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan membantu dan mempermudah penilai dalam mengevaluasi kinerja fasilitator PAMSIMAS dengan menerapkan Data Mining yaitu Algoritma C4.5 sebagai Sistem Pendukung Keputusan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode algoritma C4.5 dengan menggunakan atribut hasil evaluasi sebagai atribut label tujuan sebanyak 4 buah sub-atribut, yaitu: Sangat baik, baik, cukup dan buruk. Penilitian ini menghasilkan pohon keputusan dari 20 berupa value atribut tujuan hasil evaluasi, algoritma C4.5 dapat merepresentasikan sebanyak 13 pohon keputusan dari value atribut tujuan hasil evaluasi dan persentasi akurasi dari pengujian adalah sebesar 50%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu algoritma C4.5 membantu mengklasifikasikan hasil evaluasi kinerja berdasarkan atribut waktu, kelengkapan isian data, respon perbaikan dan tanggung jawab dalam tim. Penelitian dapat membentuk pohon keputusan yang dapat memberikan informasi hasil evaluasi kinerja fasilitator PAMSIMAS Kabupaten Kampar.
STUDI INTERTEKSTUALITAS TERHADAP ROMA 8:18-23
Authors: Haloho Juppa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: As an environmental mantra, Romans 8:18-23 has become one of the main pillars of the Christian ecotheology that gives mandate to Christians to take care of environment. Through this text, ecological crisis can be read not empirically but theologically. The hermeneutical issue of the text is that interpreters do not yet agree about the background of Paul’s argument. In the midst of the variety of interpreters’ suggestions of Paul’s background in Romans 8:18-23, intertextuality approach proposes Isaiah 24:1-7 as an allusion that Paul intentionally alluded to in Romans 8:18-23. Intertextuality approach proves that Isaiah 24:1-7 has some connections with Romans 8:18-23. In writing Romans 8:18-23, Paul had read Isaiah 24:1-7 figuratively in the light of Christ. Thus, restoring the context and theological message of Isaiah 24:1-7 illuminates the reading of Romans 8:18-23. Likewise, understanding why Paul used Isaiah 24:1-7 in Romans 8:18-23 helps readers read Isaiah 24:1-7.
Keywords: ecotheology, intertextuality, figural reading, Romans 8
Abstrak: Roma 8:18-23 sebagai environmental mantra merupakan salah satu pilar utama ekoteologi Kristen yang memberikan mandat kepada orang Kristen untuk memperhatikan lingkungan. Melalui teks ini, krisis ekologis dapat dipahami bukan secara empiris melainkan secara teologis. Sekalipun demikian, para penafsir masih belum sependapat mengenai latar pemikiran Paulus dalam Roma 8:18-23. Di tengah beragamnya usulan para penafsir atas latar pemikiran Paulus dalam Roma 8:18-23, pendekatan intertekstualitas mengusulkan Yesaya 24:1-7 sebagai alusi yang sengaja disinggung Paulus dalam Roma 8:18-23. Pendekatan intertekstualitas membuktikan keterkaitan Yesaya 24:1-7 dengan Roma 8:18-23. Dalam menulis Roma 8:18-23, Paulus telah membaca Yesaya 24:1-7 secara figural dalam terang Kristus. Dengan demikian, pemulihan konteks dan pesan teologis Yesaya 24:1-7 menerangi pembacaan Roma 8:18-23. Demikian pula, pemahaman mengapa Paulus menggunakan Yesaya 24:1-7 dalam Roma 8:18-23 menolong pembaca memahami Yesaya 24:1-7.
Kata Kunci: ekoteologi, intertekstualitas, pembacaan figural, Roma 8 .
A PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF KWOK PUI-LAN’S POSTCOLONIAL FEMINIST THEOLOGICAL METHOD
Authors: Tanujaya Fandy Handoko , Yordani Putra Yeremia 
Published: June 2021

Abstrak: Teologi feminis pascakolonial merupakan sebuah gerakan teologis dari Dunia Ketiga yang berusaha menggabungkan perjuangan feminis melawan androsentrisme dan patriarki dari generasi pertama teolog feminis—yang dominan berkulit putih—dengan sebuah kesadaran terhadap pengalaman kolonial dan perjuangan bagi kemerdekaan. Di dalam area penafsiran Alkitab, pendekatan feminis pascakolonial mencoba untuk mendekolonisasi dan mendepartriarkalisasi teks-teks Alkitab dan penafsirannya bagi tujuan-tujuan liberatif. Artikel ini mengobservasi dan menganalisis salah satu teolog feminis pascakolonial yang terkemuka, yaitu Kwok Pui-Lan, secara khusus menelaah metode berteologinya yang unik. Tiga isu spesifik akan dibahas: pandangannya tentang pengalaman, Alkitab, tradisi, dan akal budi sebagai sumber-sumber berteologi, pandangannya tentang doktrin Alkitab dan penafsirannya, dan metodenya dalam melakukan teologi feminis pascakolonial. Artikel ini akan ditutup dengan sebuah evaluasi awal. Sementara beberapa poin positif dapat ditarik dari metodenya, kaum Injili akan melihat beberapa potensi masalah, khususnya terkait isu otoritas, kebenaran, dan identitas.

Abstract: Postcolonial feminist theology is an originally Third-World theological movement which attempts to combine feminist struggles against androcentrism and patriarchy of the first generation of feminist—predominantly White—theologians with an awareness of colonial experience and struggle for independence. In the area of biblical interpretation, postcolonial feminist approach tries to decolonize and depatriarchalize both biblical texts and their interpretations for liberative purposes. In this article, authors will observe and analyze one of the most prominent postcolonial feminist theologians, Kwok Pui-Lan, specifically looking at her unique theological method. Three specific issues will be addressed: her view on experience, Scripture, tradition, and reason as sources of theology, her doctrine of Scripture and its interpretation, and her method of doing postcolonial feminist theology. The article will then be concluded with a preliminary evaluation. While some positive points can be drawn from her method, evangelicals will observe some potential problems, especially those concerning the issues of authority, truth, and identity.
INFORMAÇÕES RETRATADAS PELAS EMPRESAS LISTADAS NA B3 ACERCA DA CONTROLADORIA
Authors: Maciel Emily Tavares Pessoa 
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar as informações retratadas sobre a controladoria pelas empresas listadas na Brasil, Bolsa e Balcão (B3), através dos documentos disponibilizadas pelas mesmas. Sabe-se que as organizações se encontram cada vez mais preocupadas com o seu controle, seja financeiro, seja não financeiro, e a controladoria veio então auxiliar as organizações na melhor disposição de seus setores e funcionários em torno dos objetivos organizacionais, por meio de monitoramentos frequentes e facilitação da gestão. A fim de atingir o objetivo proposto para o presente estudo, a pesquisa se caracterizou como exploratória, descritiva e qualitativa, visando identificar todas a informações trazidas pela empresas acerca da controladoria. A operacionalização se deu através de análise de conteúdo em todos os documentos disponibilizados pelas entidades. Por meio da análise foi identificado que um quantitativo muito pequeno de empresas discorrem sobre a controladoria e, através dos documentos disponibilizados pelas entidades, que as mesmas externam com maior frequência acerca do objetivo/competência da controladoria, deixando de lado as funções e missões que a mesma exerce dentro da organização.
FRAD modelio ir IME ICC „Tarptautinių katalogavimo principų išdėstymo“ koncepcijų taikymas „UNIMARC vadovo: autoritetinių įrašų formato“ trečiojoje laidoje
Authors: Willer Mirna 
Published: June 2021

Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiami „UNIMARC vadovo: autoritetinių įrašų formato“ naujosios, 3-iosios laidos, kurią patvirtino Nuolatinis UNIMARC komitetas (2009 m. kovo–birželio mėn.) ir kurią numatoma paskelbti iki 2009 m. vasaros, pakeitimai ir papildymai.
Naujoji laida grindžiama „UNIMARC vadovo: bibliografinių įrašų formato“ 3-iąja laida, išėjusia 2008 m., kuri papildė du ankstesnius formatus; „Funkciniais reikalavimais autoritetiniams duomenims: konceptualiu modeliu“, parengtu IFLA UBCIM FRANAR darbo grupės ir paskelbtu 2009 m. gegužės–birželio mėn.; IME ICC „Tarptautinių katalogavimo principų išdėstymu“, paskelbtu 2009 m. vasario mėn.; UNIMARC vartotojų bei Nuolatinio UNIMARC komiteto narių pastabomis ir pasiūlymais, pateiktais nuo 2005 iki 2009 m. (sausio mėn.).
Šis straipsnis papildo autorės pranešimą „UNIMARC / Autoritetinių įrašų formato“ pakeitimai: „Bibliografinių įrašų formato“ 3-iosios laidos ir FRAD modelio įtaka“, skaitytą UNIMARC sesijoje tema „Besivystantys bibliografijos standartai: UNIMARC vaidmuo ir vieta“, vykusioje IFLA 74-osios generalinės konferencijos metu.
MICRU: an effective cloud fraction algorithm designed for UV–vis satellite instruments with large viewing angles
Authors: Sihler Holger , Beirle Steffen , Dörner Steffen , Gutenstein-Penning de Vries Marloes , Hörmann Christoph , Borger Christian , Warnach Simon , Wagner Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Clouds impact the radiative transfer of the Earth's atmosphere and strongly influence satellite measurements in the ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) and infrared (IR) spectral ranges. For satellite measurements of trace gases absorbing in the UV–vis spectral range, particularly clouds ultimately determine the vertical sensitivity profile, mainly by reducing the sensitivity for trace-gas columns below the cloud. The Mainz iterative cloud retrieval utilities (MICRU) algorithm is specifically designed to reduce the error budget of trace-gas retrievals, such as those for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which strongly depends on the accuracy of small cloud fractions (CFs) in particular. The accuracy of MICRU is governed by an empirical parameterisation of the viewing-geometry-dependent background surface reflectivity taking instrumental and physical effects into account. Instrumental effects are mainly degradation and polarisation effects; physical effects are due to the anisotropy of the surface reflectivity, e.g. shadowing of plants and sun glitter. MICRU is applied to main science channel (MSC) and polarisation measurement device (PMD) data collected between April 2007 and June 2013 by the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2A (GOME-2A) instrument aboard the MetOp-A satellite. CFs are retrieved at different spectral bands between 374 and 758 nm. The MICRU results for MSC and PMD at different wavelengths are intercompared to study CF precision and accuracy, which depend on wavelength and spatial correlation. Furthermore, MICRU results are compared to FRESCO (fast retrieval scheme for clouds from the oxygen A band) and OCRA (optical cloud recognition algorithm) operational cloud products. We show that MICRU retrieves small CFs with an accuracy of 0.04 or better for the entire 1920 km wide swath with a potential bias between −0.01 and −0.03. CFs retrieved at shorter wavelengths are less affected by adverse surface heterogeneities. The comparison to the operational CF algorithms shows that MICRU significantly reduces the dependence on viewing angle, time, and sun glitter. Systematic effects along coasts are particularly small for MICRU due to its dedicated treatment of land and ocean surfaces. The MICRU algorithm is designed for spectroscopic instruments ranging from the GOME to Sentinel-5P/Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) but is also applicable to UV–vis imagers like the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Sentinel-2.
University of Nebraska unmanned aerial system (UAS) profiling during the LAPSE-RATE field campaign
Authors: Islam Ashraful , Shankar Ajay , Houston Adam , Detweiler Carrick 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This paper describes the data collected by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) as part of the field deployments during the Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE) flight campaign in July 2018.
The UNL deployed two multirotor unmanned aerial systems (UASs) at multiple sites in the San Luis Valley (Colorado, USA) for data collection to support three science missions: convection initiation, boundary layer transition, and cold air drainage flow.
We conducted 172 flights resulting in over 21 h of cumulative flight time.
Our novel design for the sensor housing onboard the UAS was employed in these flights to meet the aspiration and shielding requirements of the temperature and humidity sensors and to separate them from the mixed turbulent airflow from the propellers.
Data presented in this paper include timestamped temperature and humidity data collected from the sensors, along with the three-dimensional position and velocity of the UAS.
Data are quality-controlled and time-synchronized using a zero-order-hold interpolation without additional post-processing.
The full dataset is also made available for download at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306086 (Islam et al., 2020).
A case study of wind farm effects using two wake parameterizations in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (V3.7.1) in the presence of low-level jets
Authors: Larsén Xiaoli G. , Fischereit Jana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. While the wind farm parameterization by Fitch et al. (2012) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model has been used and evaluated frequently, the explicit wake parameterization (EWP) by Volker et al. (2015) is less well explored. The openly available high-frequency flight measurements from Bärfuss et al. (2019a)
provide an opportunity to directly compare the simulation results from the EWP and Fitch scheme with in situ measurements. In doing so, this study aims to complement the recent study by Siedersleben et al. (2020) by (1) comparing the EWP and Fitch schemes in terms of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and velocity deficit, together with FINO 1 measurements and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, and (2) exploring the interactions of the wind farm with low-level jets (LLJs). This is done using a bug-fixed WRF version that includes the correct TKE advection, following Archer et al. (2020). Both the Fitch and the EWP schemes can capture the mean wind field in the presence of the wind farm consistently and well. TKE in the EWP scheme is significantly underestimated, suggesting that an explicit turbine-induced TKE source should be included in addition to the implicit source from shear. The value of the correction factor for turbine-induced TKE generation in the Fitch scheme has a significant impact on the simulation results. The position of the LLJ nose and the shear beneath the jet nose are modified by the presence of wind farms.