bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informed consent rates for neonatal randomized controlled trials in low- and lower middle-income versus high-income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Patterson Jacquelyn K. , Pant Stuti , Jones Denise F. , Taha Syed , Jones Michael S. , Bauserman Melissa S. , Montaldo Paolo , Bose Carl L. , Thayyil Sudhin 
Published: March 2021

Objective
Legal, ethical, and regulatory requirements of medical research uniformly call for informed consent. We aimed to characterize and compare consent rates for neonatal randomized controlled trials in low- and lower middle-income countries versus high-income countries, and to evaluate the influence of study characteristics on consent rates.

Methods
In this systematic review, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane for randomized controlled trials of neonatal interventions in low- and lower middle-income countries or high-income countries published 01/01/2013 to 01/04/2018. Our primary outcome was consent rate, the proportion of eligible participants who consented amongst those approached, extracted from the article or email with the author. Using a generalised linear model for fractional dependent variables, we analysed the odds of consenting in low- and lower middle-income countries versus high-income countries across control types and interventions.

Findings
We screened 3523 articles, yielding 300 eligible randomized controlled trials with consent rates available for 135 low- and lower middle-income country trials and 65 high-income country trials. Median consent rates were higher for low- and lower middle-income countries (95.6%; interquartile range (IQR) 88.2–98.9) than high-income countries (82.7%; IQR 68.6–93.0; p<0.001). In adjusted regression analysis comparing low- and lower middle-income countries to high-income countries, the odds of consent for no placebo-drug/nutrition trials was 3.67 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.87–7.19; p = 0.0002) and 6.40 (95%CI 3.32–12.34; p<0.0001) for placebo-drug/nutrition trials.

Conclusion
Neonatal randomized controlled trials in low- and lower middle-income countries report consistently higher consent rates compared to high-income country trials. Our study is limited by the overrepresentation of India among randomized controlled trials in low- and lower middle-income countries. This study raises serious concerns about the adequacy of protections for highly vulnerable populations recruited to clinical trials in low- and lower middle-income countries.
Alice Munro Country: Essays on Her Works I, J. R. (Tim) Struthers (ed.) (2020)
Authors: Bigot Corinne 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Alice Munro Country: Essays On Her Works I, J. R. (Tim) Struthers (ed.) (2020)
Toronto: Guernica Editions, 410 pp,
ISBN 978-1-77183-455-3, p/bk, $29.95 CDN,
ISBN 978-1-77183-436-0, EPUB,
ISBN 978-1-77183-437-7, kindle

Alice Munro Everlasting: Essays on Her Works II, J. R. (Tim) Struthers (ed.) (2020)
Toronto: Guernica Editions, 459 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-77183-438-4, p/bk, $29.95 CDN,
ISBN 978-1-77183-443-91, EPUB,
ISBN 978-1-77183-440-7, kindle
Le norme traviate: Saggi sul genere e la sessualità nel cinema e nella televisione italiana, Sergio Rigoletto (2020)
Authors: Holdaway Dom 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Le norme traviate: Saggi sul genere e la sessualità nel cinema e nella televisione italiana, Sergio Rigoletto (2020)
Milan: Meltemi, 174 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-85519-161-6, p/bk, €15.00
Bollywood studies at 2020
Authors: Gehlawat Ajay 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Dark Fear, Eerie Cities: New Hindi Cinema In Neoliberal India, Sarunas Paunksnis (2019)
New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 172 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-19949-318-0, h/bk, $30

Unruly Cinema: History, Politics, and Bollywood, Rini Bhattacharya Mehta (2020)
Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 233 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-25208-499-7, p/bk, $25
Radiant Infrastructures: Media, Environment, and Cultures of Uncertainty, Rahul Mukherjee (2020)
Authors: Li Yandong 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Radiant Infrastructures: Media, Environment, and Cultures of Uncertainty, Rahul Mukherjee (2020)
Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 288 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-4780-0806-4, p/bk, $26.95
Refashioning India: Gender, Media, and a Transformed Public Discourse, Maitrayee Chaudhuri (2017)
Authors: Banerjee Koel 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Refashioning India: Gender, Media, and a Transformed Public Discourse, Maitrayee Chaudhuri (2017)
New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan Pvt. Ltd, 325 pp.,
ISBN 9386689006, h/bk, INR 895
Love, War, and Other Longings: Essays on Cinema in Pakistan, Vazira Fazila-Yacoobali Zamindar And Asad Ali (2020)
Authors: Arvikar Hrishikesh 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Love, War, and Other Longings: Essays on Cinema in Pakistan, Vazira Fazila-Yacoobali Zamindar And Asad Ali (2020)
Karachi: Oxford University Press, 275 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-19070-185-7, p/bk, 750
Where Histories Reside: India as Filmed Space, Priya Jaikumar (2019)
Authors: Guha Pujita 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Where Histories Reside: India as Filmed Space, Priya Jaikumar (2019)
Durham: Duke University Press, 416 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47800-475-2, p/bk, $29.95
El trapo rojo, un faro de colores y la fiesta: un mundo de símbolos
Authors: González Pérez Marcos 
Published: March 2021

Los símbolos hacen parte de las manifestaciones sociales y dan cuenta de las complejidades en que están inmersas las comunidades humanas. Este ensayo busca explicar las diversas formas en que colectivos o individuos hicieron público los problemas que afrontaban al inicio del periodo de la cuarentena en Colombia, específicamente en el mes de marzo de 2020. En una especie de juego de colores, colgaron trapos rojos para llamar la atención sobre sus necesidades económicas, trapos negros para denunciar la violencia contra las mujeres o trapos azules para reclamar respeto por los trabajadores de la salud. Esa gama de símbolos cruzó fronteras y les dio visibilidad a todas estas problemáticas. De esta situación no escapó la fiesta, y este escrito trata de descifrar las diversas formas en que esta manifestación patrimonial podría ser defendida frente a la pandemia desencadenada por el coronavirus.
Voguing, un grito retorcido contra la opresión. Soy todo y nada, sobre la danza de cuerpos desviantes
Authors: Nunes Barbosa Lucelina 
Published: March 2021

Este artículo es una aproximación al cuerpo desde la especificidad de la danza “voguing” y la nociónde cuerpo no binario. Las reflexiones circundan los discursos de poder y dominación a que estamos subordinadas en nuestra cotidianidad y en el ámbitode la danza, y el “voguing” como expresión dancística activista de resistencia contra la marginación de grupos minoritarios integrados por gays, afroamericanos, migrantes latinos, transgéneros y queer. Este estilo dancístico y expresión de reafirmación social tipificó a la comunidad LGBTTTIQ en las décadas de 1980 y 1990. Abordamos aquí las prácticas corporales de jóvenes que bailan bajo la perspectiva de la diversidad y desarrollan diferentes abordajes somatopolíticos con un particular interés en expresiones dancísticas que revelan el cuerpo como objeto de consumo y signo a la vez. Se indaga sobre las aprobaciones hegemónicas utilizadas por los “voguers” como reivindicación contestataria que reproducegestos codificados de concepción binaria.
Chronic Bilateral Cochlear Implant Stimulation Partially Restores Neural Binaural Sensitivity in Neonatally-Deaf Rabbits
Authors: Sunwoo Woongsang , Delgutte Bertrand , Chung Yoojin 
Published: March 2021

Cochlear implant (CI) users with a prelingual onset of hearing loss show poor sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs), an important cue for sound localization and speech reception in noise. Similarly, neural ITD sensitivity in the inferior colliculus (IC) of neonatally-deafened animals is degraded compared with animals deafened as adults. Here, we show that chronic bilateral CI stimulation during development can partly reverse the effect of early-onset deafness on ITD sensitivity. The prevalence of ITD sensitive neurons was restored to the level of adult-deaf (AD) rabbits in the early-deaf rabbits of both sexes that received chronic stimulation and behavioral training with wearable bilateral sound processors during development. We also found a partial improvement in neural ITD sensitivity in the early-deaf and stimulated rabbits compared with unstimulated rabbits. In contrast, chronic CI stimulation did not improve temporal coding in early-deaf rabbits. The present study is the first report showing functional restoration of ITD sensitivity with CI stimulation in single neurons and highlights the importance of auditory experience during development on the maturation of binaural circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough cochlear implants (CI) are highly successful in providing speech reception in quiet for many profoundly deaf people, CI users still face difficulty in noisy everyday environment. This is partly because of their poor sensitivity to differences in the timing of sounds arriving at the two ears [interaural time differences (ITDs)], which help to identify where the sound is coming from. This problem is especially acute in those who lost hearing early in life. Here, we present the first report that sensitivity of auditory neurons to ITDs is restored by CI stimulation during development in an animal model of neonatal deafness. These findings highlight the importance of providing early binaural auditory experience with CIs in deaf children.
The Sex-Specific VC Neurons Are Mechanically Activated Motor Neurons That Facilitate Serotonin-Induced Egg Laying inC. elegans
Authors: Kopchock Richard J. , Ravi Bhavya , Bode Addys , Collins Kevin M. 
Published: March 2021

Successful execution of behavior requires coordinated activity and communication between multiple cell types. Studies using the relatively simple neural circuits of invertebrates have helped to uncover how conserved molecular and cellular signaling events shape animal behavior. To understand the mechanisms underlying neural circuit activity and behavior, we have been studying a simple circuit that drives egg-laying behavior in the nematode wormCaenorhabditis elegans. Here we show that the sex-specific, ventral C (VC) motor neurons are important for vulval muscle contractility and egg laying in response to serotonin. Ca2+imaging experiments show the VCs are active during times of vulval muscle contraction and vulval opening, and optogenetic stimulation of the VCs promotes vulval muscle Ca2+activity. Blocking VC neurotransmission inhibits egg laying in response to serotonin and increases the failure rate of egg-laying attempts, indicating that VC signaling facilitates full vulval muscle contraction and opening of the vulva for efficient egg laying. We also find the VCs are mechanically activated in response to vulval opening. Optogenetic stimulation of the vulval muscles is sufficient to drive VC Ca2+activity and requires muscle contractility, showing the presynaptic VCs and the postsynaptic vulval muscles can mutually excite each other. Together, our results demonstrate that the VC neurons facilitate efficient execution of egg-laying behavior by coordinating postsynaptic muscle contractility in response to serotonin and mechanosensory feedback.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany animal motor behaviors are modulated by the neurotransmitters, serotonin and ACh. Such motor circuits also respond to mechanosensory feedback, but how neurotransmitters and mechanoreceptors work together to coordinate behavior is not well understood. We address these questions using the egg-laying circuit inCaenorhabditis eleganswhere we can manipulate presynaptic neuron and postsynaptic muscle activity in behaving animals while recording circuit responses through Ca2+imaging. We find that the cholinergic VC motoneurons are important for proper vulval muscle contractility and egg laying in response to serotonin. Muscle contraction also activates the VCs, forming a positive feedback loop that promotes full contraction for egg release. In all, mechanosensory feedback provides a parallel form of modulation that shapes circuit responses to neurotransmitters.
Monotonic and cyclic behavior of the nitrogen ion-implanted commercially pure-titanium
Authors: Ali N. , Mustapa M.S. , Sujitno T. , Putra T.E. , . Husaini 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to study the behavior of monotonic and cyclic plastic deformation on commercially pure titanium which has undergone surface treatment using the nitrogen ion implantation method. The doses of 2.0×1017 ions/cm2 and the energy of 100 keV were used to implant the nitrogen ions into the CpTi. Monotonic properties tests were performed in a laboratory air and at room temperature using ASTM E8 standard specimens. Fatigue and corrosion fatigue tests were conducted in a laboratory air and in artificial saline solutions, at room temperature using ASTM 1801-97 specimens. Tensile tests were carried out with constant displacement rate and fatigue tests were carried under fully-reversed with stress-controlled conditions with stress amplitudes 230, 240, 250, 260, 270 and 280 MPa. The results showed the material properties of monotonic behavior for CpTi and Nii-Ti; tensile strength (σu) of 497 and 539 MPa and for 0.2% offset yield strength (σy) of 385 and 440 MPa, respectively and of cyclic behavior; cyclic strength coefficient (k’) of 568.41 and 818.64 and cyclic strain hardening exponent (n’) of 0.176 and 0.215, respectively. This study has succeeded in producing useful new material properties that will contribute to the field of material science and engineering.
Incidental Detection of Preputial Calculus in a Patient with Partial Phimosis: Is it as Rare as We Believed?
Authors: Symeonidis Evangelos N. , Toutziaris Chrysovalantis , Katsimantas Antonios , Dimitriadis Georgios 
Published: March 2021

Background: Preputial stone disease is the rarest type of urolithiasis. Adult males with severe phimosis and poor hygiene are mainly affected.Case Presentation: A 90-year-old male sought treatment for steadily worsening urinary frequency, intermittency, incontinence, and pain at the tip of his penis of 3-days duration. Clinical examination revealed a palpable distended urinary bladder, a partial phimosis and a round, hard on palpation, and partly ulcerative lesion at the tip of the foreskin. A single, 1 cm in maximum diameter stone, was incidentally discovered beneath the prepuce and subsequently removed from the preputial sac. The patient refused further treatment with circumcision, and opted for conservative therapy of benign prostate hyperplasia.Conclusion: Personal hygiene remains the cornerstone in the prevention of the preputial calculi formation, while circumcision represents the mainstay of treatment for definite stone removal and elimination of the precipitating causes.
Del empresario fundador al directivo asalariado: la emergencia del administrador en Occidente
Authors: Jurado Jurado Juan Carlos , García Estrada Rodrigo de J. 
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se revisa bibliografía de la teoría administrativa (TA), de historia económica, ciencias sociales y estudios organizacionales (EO). La TA, por su enfoque pragmático/ funcionalista, naturaliza la función directiva de la organización empresarial y no conceptualiza las relaciones jerárquicas de subordinación capital-trabajo en que se funda. Desde la historia, cuyo enfoque compresivo confluye con la orientación interdisciplinaria de los eo, se propone un examen crítico-hermenéutico de tal bibliografía, con el fin de exponer la conformación histórica de la función administrativa y del administrador, entre 1780 y 1920, en Occidente. Se concluye que la función administrativa tomó forma como elemento constitutivo de la organización empresarial, asumida inicialmente por el propietario/fundador y, posteriormente (1880-1920), por un complejo de directivos asalariados. También se halla que la organización jerárquica del trabajo entre planeación y ejecución estaba orientada a destituir a los trabajadores del conocimiento y control del proceso productivo por parte de la dirección, y que la concepción racional/funcionalista de la organización estaba determinada por condicionantes históricos como los requerimientos del sistema capitalista para reproducirse y las concepciones positivistas de las ciencias.
The impact of Economics and Finance research published in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Krueger Thomas M. , Megits Nikolay 
Published: March 2021

Research quality dictates the reputation of faculty, colleges, and universities, regardless of their location. In order to shed some light on the quality construct, this research reports on the scholarly impact of economics and finance journals published in countries of Central and Eastern Europe. A comparison of coverage by Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Cabell’s, three scholarly databases, reveals the lesser coverage of CEE journals within WoS and Scopus. Examination of E&F journals published in Poland, Romania, and the remainder of CEE, as defined by the Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, discloses that the level of quality varies by nation. There are variations across the popular CiteScore, SJR, SNIP, and percentage of articles cited bibliometric measures. Furthermore, this research documents the existence of impact variation between journals focused on Eastern Europe published in Eastern Europe and published elsewhere in the world.
Effects of Fennel and Cumin Extracts on Flax Seed Germination Parameters and Mitotic Activity in the Root Tip Cells
Authors: GEDİK Osman , USLU Ömer Süha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of cumin and fennel seeds extracts, on the germination, seedling development and mitotic activity in root end meristem cells of flax seed. The experiment was established in laboratory according to randomized plot factorial experiment design with three replications in incubator having 23℃ temperature. At the end of 14 days of germination period some germination parameters were measured. According to the control, it was observed that fennel extract applications positively affected the germination and seedling development of flax seed except 100 g/l dose. While germination is seen at 100 g/l, seedling growth is completely prevented. It was observed that all cumin extract applications had a negative effect on the germination and seedling development of flax seed compared to the control. This negativity has shown more effect in increasing doses. While the germination rate is gradually decreasing in increasing doses, it is observed that the growth of seedlings is completely prevented except 12.5 and 25 g/lcumin extract. Increased doses at doses other than 100 g/lincreased the mitotic index in fennel extract application and decreased the dose increase in cumin extract application. The percentage of chromosomal abnormality decreased in parallel with the increase in doses other than 100 g/l in fennel, but percentage of chromosomal abnormality increase with increasing doses in cumin extract. During mitotic examinations; mitotic abnormalities such as failure to collect the metaphase plate, bridge in anaphase and telophase were observed and their pictures were recorded.
Diagnosis and treatment of infants with severe hydronephrosis (literature review)
Authors: Sergeeva Svetlana V. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. An assessment of the effectiveness of antenatal diagnosis and postnatal management of infants and infants with grade IV hydronephrosis was performed based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature.
Literature review. In the literature analysis, we used the databases СlinicalKey, Web of Science, Cyberleninka, PubMed, and Medline. The search was not limited by the publication date; instead, the searchs emphasis was placed on publications of the last 10 years.
Classification. Several classification systems have been developed to assess the severity of hydronephrosis in infants. However, none of them describes the degree of expansion of the PCS and the functional state of the renal parenchyma. This work shows the stages of embryogenesis of the obstruction of the pyelourethral segment.
Diagnosis. The issues of antenatal diagnostics and prognostically significant outcome criteria for an intrauterine malformation of the fetal urinary system are considered. The main diagnostic methods in the postnatal period are described.
Morphological changes. Variants of pathomorphological changes in the renal parenchyma, the pelvic wall, and ureter in prolonged obstruction conditions are described. The role and variability of the number of Cajal interstitial cells in the pelvic wall and ureter in hydronephrosis have been analyzed.
Treatment. Particular attention is paid to nephroprotective therapy and surgical treatment tactics of the defect. Questions regarding the timing and choice of treatment methods, the need and duration of preliminary urine diversion in infants and children with grade IV hydronephrosis remain open.
Conclusion. Analysis of the world literature shows that there is no single protocol for intrauterine diagnosis and postnatal management of children with grade IV hydronephrosis. The functional state of the parenchyma is possible only with a comprehensive examination to assess the degree of hydronephrosis. Improving antenatal and postnatal diagnostics, therapeutic and surgical treatment of children with severe hydronephrosis should be based on a doctors cooperation, a specialist in ultrasound diagnostics, a nephrologist, and a pediatric surgeon.
The Search of Diffusive Properties in Ambient Seismic Noise
Authors: Piña-Flores José , Cárdenas-Soto Martín , García-Jerez Antonio , Campillo Michel , Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAmbient seismic noise (ASN) is becoming of interest for geophysical exploration and engineering seismology, because it is possible to exploit its potential for imaging. Theory asserts that the Green’s function can be retrieved from correlations within a diffuse field. Surface waves are the most conspicuous part of Green’s function in layered media. Thus, the velocities of surface waves can be obtained from ASN if the wavefield is diffuse. There is widespread interest in the conditions of emergence and properties of diffuse fields. In the applications, useful approximations of the Green’s function can be obtained from cross correlations of recorded motions of ASN. An elastic field is diffuse if the background illumination is azimuthally uniform and equipartitioned. It happens with the coda waves in earthquakes and has been verified in carefully planned experiments. For one of these data sets, the 1999 Chilpancingo (Mexico) experiment, there are some records of earthquake pre-events that undoubtedly are composed of ASN, so that the processing for coda can be tested on them. We decompose the ASN energies and study their equilibration. The scheme is inspired by the original experiment and uses the ASN recorded in an L-shaped array that allows the computation of spatial derivatives. It requires care in establishing the appropriate ranges for measuring parameters. In this search for robust indicators of diffusivity, we are led to establish that under certain circumstances, the S and P energy equilibration is a process that anticipates the diffusion regime (not necessarily isotropy), which justifies the use of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio in the context of diffuse-field theory.