bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature and pH define the realised niche space of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Davison John , Moora Mari , Semchenko Marina , Adenan Sakeenah Binte , Ahmed Talaat , Akhmetzhanova Asem A. , Alatalo Juha M. , Al‐Quraishy Saleh , Andriyanova Elena , Anslan Sten , Bahram Mohammad , Batbaatar Amgaa , Brown Charlotte , Bueno C. Guillermo , Cahill James , Cantero Juan José , Casper Brenda B. , Cherosov Mikhail , Chideh Saida , Coelho Ana P. , Coghill Matthew , Decocq Guillaume , Dudov Sergey , Fabiano Ezequiel Chimbioputo , Fedosov Vladimir E. , Fraser Lauchlan , Glassman Sydney I. , Helm Aveliina , Henry Hugh A. L. , Hérault Bruno , Hiiesalu Indrek , Hiiesalu Inga , Hozzein Wael N. , Kohout Petr , Kõljalg Urmas , Koorem Kadri , Laanisto Lauri , Mander Ülo , Mucina Ladislav , Munyampundu Jean‐Pierre , Neuenkamp Lena , Niinemets Ülo , Nyamukondiwa Casper , Oja Jane , Onipchenko Vladimir , Pärtel Meelis , Phosri Cherdchai , Põlme Sergei , Püssa Kersti , Ronk Argo , Saitta Alessandro , Semboli Olivia , Sepp Siim‐Kaarel , Seregin Alexey , Sudheer Surya , Peña‐Venegas Clara P. , Paz Claudia , Vahter Tanel , Vasar Martti , Veraart Annelies J. , Tedersoo Leho , Zobel Martin , Öpik Maarja 
Published: January 2021

Summary

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a globally distributed group of soil organisms that play critical roles in ecosystem function. However, the ecological niches of individual AM fungal taxa are poorly understood.

We collected > 300 soil samples from natural ecosystems worldwide and modelled the realised niches of AM fungal virtual taxa (VT; approximately species‐level phylogroups).

We found that environmental and spatial variables jointly explained VT distribution worldwide, with temperature and pH being the most important abiotic drivers, and spatial effects generally occurring at local to regional scales. While dispersal limitation could explain some variation in VT distribution, VT relative abundance was almost exclusively driven by environmental variables. Several environmental and spatial effects on VT distribution and relative abundance were correlated with phylogeny, indicating that closely related VT exhibit similar niche optima and widths. Major clades within the Glomeraceae exhibited distinct niche optima, Acaulosporaceae generally had niche optima in low pH and low temperature conditions, and Gigasporaceae generally had niche optima in high precipitation conditions.

Identification of the realised niche space occupied by individual and phylogenetic groups of soil microbial taxa provides a basis for building detailed hypotheses about how soil communities respond to gradients and manipulation in ecosystems worldwide.
Micro‐marsupialization technique with suture thread modification for improving the management of oral mucoceles and ranulas: A case series
Authors: de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Jácome‐Santos Humberto , Kato Camila de Nazaré Alves de Oliveira , de Noronha Mariana Saturnino , do Amaral Márcio Bruno Figueiredo , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Mesquita Ricardo Alves 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimMicro‐marsupialization is a technique that can be applied in the treatment of mucoceles located on the floor of the mouth (ranula), lower lip or ventral surface of the tongue. The technique is simple, low cost, little invasive and consists of using sutures to promote mucous drainage. Absorbable sutures may have advantages over regular silk sutures. Herein, we report a case series of oral mucoceles and ranulas treated by the micro‐marsupialization technique using synthetic absorbable suture thread.Material and methodsThe convenience sample consisted of five individuals, three males and two females.ResultsThree individuals had a clinical diagnosis of oral mucoceles and two of ranulas. The treatment resulted in the resolution of all cases. Although there was a slight accumulation of plaque, no signs of inflammatory reaction, pain, bleeding, or recurrence were observed after at least 30 months of follow‐up.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the use of absorbable suture thread during micro‐marsupialization can be beneficial, mainly because of its similar performance compared to conventional silk suture thread, without the need for removal.
Lessons from low seroprevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in schoolchildren: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Szépfalusi Zsolt , Schmidthaler Klara , Sieber Justyna , Kopanja Sonja , Götzinger Florian , Schoof Anja , Hoz Jakub , Willinger Birgit , Makristathis Athanasios , Weseslindtner Lukas , Stiasny Karin , Bohle Barbara , Krotka Pavla , Graf Alexandra , Frischer Thomas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren are discussed as hidden SARS‐CoV‐2 virus reservoir because of predominantly mild or even asymptomatic course of disease. The objective of this cross‐sectional study in May‐July 2020 was to assess the prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies and virus RNA in schoolchildren, consistent with previous infection by contact tracing.MethodsSchool authorities approached parents for voluntary participation. Interested families were contacted by the study team. A nasal and oropharyngeal swab, a blood sample, and a questionnaire were employed. Primary endpoint was the frequency of SARS‐CoV‐2 real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR) and antibody‐positive children. Antibody positivity was assessed by a highly sensitive first‐line ELISA, and a neutralization assay and two other immunoassays as confirmatory assays.ResultsOf 2069 children (median age 13 years, IQR 10‐15), 2 cases (0.1%) tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA and 26 cases (1.3%) tested positive for specific antibodies. SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies exhibited detectable virus‐neutralizing activity in 92% (24 of 26 samples). Seropositivity was associated with a history of mild clinical symptoms in 14 children (53.8%), while 12 children (46.2%) remained asymptomatic. Among 13 seropositive children being tested concomitantly with their siblings, only one pair of siblings was seropositive. Contact tracing revealed adult family members and school teachers as potential index cases.ConclusionIn schoolchildren, the infection rate with SARS‐CoV‐2 is low and associated with a mild or asymptomatic course of disease. Virus spreading seemed to occur more likely in intergenerational contacts than among siblings in the same household. The presence of neutralizing SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in children may reflect protective adaptive immunity.
Diagnosing Omenn syndrome
Authors: Cutts Louise , Bakshi Arti , Walsh Maeve , Parslew Richard , Eustace Karen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOmenn syndrome is a rare combined immunodeficiency mostly associated with RAG1 and RAG2 mutations; the clinical manifestations are well‐described and include neonatal erythroderma. Mortality due to opportunistic infections is a serious risk, and a timely diagnosis with a skin biopsy is an important part of the diagnostic workup. We wish to highlight key clinical features of Omenn syndrome and discuss the relevance of a skin biopsy.
Facial hemihypertrophy in a girl with sturge‐weber syndrome: Treatment with oral sirolimus
Authors: Giacaman Aniza , Salinas Sanz José Antonio , Navarro Noguera Samuel , Lastra Rodríguez Juan , Montis Palos María Concepción , Martín‐Santiago Ana 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the last few years, the use of oral sirolimus has shown promising results in the treatment of some complex vascular anomalies, and recently, it has been used in patients with Sturge‐Weber syndrome (SWS). We present the case of an 11‐year‐old girl with the diagnosis of SWS and hemifacial overgrowth treated with oral sirolimus. Throughout the eight months of follow‐up, improvement of the port‐wine birthmark, intraocular pressure, and neurocognitive development was noted. The mTOR inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of some patients with SWS.
Beliefs about sexuality and their associations with sexual passion
Authors: Hanna‐Walker Veronica , Busby Dean M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBeliefs that individuals bring into their relationships about sexuality can influence sexual passion. In the first study to comprehensively analyze this association, we assessed how sexual destiny and growth beliefs and sexual sanctification influenced harmonious, obsessive, and inhibited passion. Data were collected from a national sample of couples (N = 482 dyads). Utilizing actor/partner interdependence model, we found that men and women's sexual growth beliefs and sexual sanctification predicted their own and their partner's harmonious sexual passion. Men and women's sexual sanctification had a strong association with their own levels of obsessive passion. Sexual destiny beliefs of men and women predicted their own levels of obsessive passion.
The mechanism of 5‐aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy in promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress in the treatment of HR‐HPV‐infected HeLa cells
Authors: Li Zhijia , Teng Muzhou , Wang Yajie , Wang Qi , Feng Yingjun , Xiao Zixuan , Li Changxing , Zeng Kang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground5‐aminoketovaleric acid, as a precursor of the strong photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), mainly enters the mitochondria after entering the cell, and the formed PpIX is also mainly localized in the mitochondria. So at present the research on the mechanism of 5‐aminoketovalerate photodynamic therapy (ALA‐PDT) mainly focuses on its impact on mitochondria. There are few reports on whether ALA‐PAT can affect the endoplasmic reticulum and trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Aims/ObjectivesHere we investigated the effects of ALA‐PDT on endoplasmic reticulum and its underlying mechanisms in high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) infection.Materials and MethodsThe human cervical cancer cell line HeLa (containing whole genome of HR‐HPV18) was treated with ALAPDT, and cell viability, ROS production, the level of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK8, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expression of the markers of ERS and autophagy and CamKKβ‐AMPK pathway was examined by western blot.ResultsThe results showed that ALA‐PDT inhibited cell viability of HeLa cells in vitro; ALA‐PDT induced autophagy in HeLa cells ; ALA‐PDT induced autophagy via the Ca2+‐CamKKβ‐AMPK pathway, which could be suppressed by the inhibition of ERS;ALA‐PDT induced ERS‐specific apoptosis via the activation of caspase 12.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that ALA‐PDT could exert a killing effect by inducing HeLa cell apoptosis, including endoplasmic reticulum‐specific apoptosis. Meanwhile, ERS via the Ca2+ ‐CamKKβ‐AMPK pathway promoted the occurrence of autophagy in HeLa cells. Inhibition of autophagy could increase the apoptosis rate of HeLa cells after ALA‐PDT, suggesting that autophagy may be one of the mechanisms of PDT resistance; The Ca2+‐CamKKβ‐AMPK pathway and autophagy may be targets to improve the killing effect of ALA‐PDT in treating HR‐HPV infection.
Physiological and metabolic adjustments in the xero‐halophyte Haloxylon salicornicum conferring drought tolerance
Authors: Panda Ashok , Rangani Jaykumar , Parida Asish Kumar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDrought is one of the most catastrophic abiotic stresses that affects global food production severely. The present work investigates the metabolic and physiological adaptation mechanisms in the xero‐halophyte Haloxylon salicornicum to counter the effects of drought. This xero‐halophyte can withstand a prolonged drought period of 14 days and recovered within 7 days of irrigation with minimal effects of drought on growth and physiological parameters. Photosynthetic parameters such as PN, gs, and E decreased significantly, whereas WUE increased under drought condition. Drought induces a significant decline in the Fv/Fm ratio. However, the value of Fv/Fm ratio successfully recovered within 7 days of the recovery period. Differential regulations of various antioxidative enzymes increase the drought tolerance potential of H. salicornicum. The metabolomic analysis of H. salicornicum shoot identified 63 metabolites: 43 significantly increased and 20 significantly decreased under drought conditions. These metabolites mainly include amino acids, organic acids, amines, sugar alcohols, sugars, fatty acids, alkaloids, and phytohormones. The metabolites that have a significant contribution towards drought tolerance include citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, d‐erythrose, glyceric acid, sucrose, pentanoic acid, d‐mannitol, ABA, and palmitic acid. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the vital drought‐responsive metabolic pathways mainly include galactose metabolism, aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. This study offers comprehensive information on physiological, antioxidative and metabolic adaptations and overall drought tolerance mechanisms in H. salicornicum. The information gained from this study will provide guidance to plant breeders and molecular biologists to develop drought‐tolerant crop varieties.
Myo‐inositol transport and metabolism participate in salt tolerance of halophyte ice plant seedlings
Authors: Li Cheng‐Hsun , Tien Hsing‐Jung , Wen Meng‐Fang , Yen Hungchen Emilie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMyo‐inositol and its metabolic derivatives such as pinitol, galactinol, and raffinose affect growth and development and are also involved in stress adaptation. Previous studies have identified myo‐inositol transporters (INTs) as transporters of Na+ from root to shoot in the halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). We found that the supply of myo‐inositol could alleviate the dehydration effects of salt‐stressed ice plant seedlings by decreasing the Na/K ratio in roots and increasing the Na/K ratio in shoots. Analyses of the uptake of exogenous myo‐inositol revealed that ice plant seedlings contained intrinsic high‐affinity transporters and inducible low‐affinity uptake systems. The presence of Na+ facilitated both high‐ and low‐affinity myo‐inositol uptake. Six INT genes were identified from the ice plant transcriptome and named McINT1a, 1b, 2, 4a, 4b, and 4c, according to the classification of the Arabidopsis INT family. In seedlings treated with myo‐inositol, salt, or myo‐inositol plus salt, the expression patterns of all McINT members differed in shoot and root, which indicates organ‐specific regulation of McINTs by salt and myo‐inositol. The expression of McINT2, 4a, 4b, and 4c was induced by salt stress in shoot and root, but that of McINT1a and 1b was salt‐induced only in shoot. The expression of pinitol biosynthesis gene IMT1 was induced by salt and myo‐inositol, and their combination had a synergistic effect on the accumulation of pinitol. Supply of myo‐inositol to salt‐treated seedlings alleviated the detrimental effects by maintaining a low root Na/K ratio and providing precursors for the synthesis of compatible solute to maintain the osmotic balance.
End of the (Pipe)Line? Understanding how States Manage the Risks of Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Nelson Steven , Fisk Jonathan M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn understudied aspect of the “fracking” debate involves questions and challenges associated with abandoned wells and well closure. States regulators have a variety of options when it comes to policies and financial tools related to site closure and remediation including bonds, fees, and specific legacy funds. Those advocating more robust financial programs suggest that they are necessary to mitigate risks to the public. Opponents contend that they dissuade operators from investing in older fields and add costs that are passed on to consumers. Using a novel index of state financial tools, this paper assesses why some states adopt more robust financial assurance while others do not.
Oral health status and parental perception of child oral health‐related quality of life among children with cerebral palsy in Bangalore city: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sruthi KS , Yashoda R , Puranik Manjunath P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimTo assess and compare the oral health status and parental perception of child oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children with and without cerebral palsy (CP).Methods and resultsA cross‐sectional comparative study was conducted among 300 children aged 5‐15 years with and without CP in Bangalore city. Oral health status was assessed using WHO 2013 criteria, and malocclusion was assessed using Angle's classification of malocclusion. Parental perception of child OHRQoL was assessed using parental caregivers perceptions questionnaire. Chi‐square test, Student's t‐tests and logistic regression were applied. Majority of the study participants were males with a mean age of 10 years. Caries experience, gingivitis, dental trauma, and dental erosion were significantly higher among children with CP than the comparison group. Mean parental perception of child OHRQoL score among CP was significantly higher than that of comparison group (P < .001). Odds of having caries experience, gingivitis, dental trauma, and Angle's Class II/III malocclusion were significantly higher among CP children with poor OHRQoL compared to those without these conditions.ConclusionOral health status among children with CP was poor than the children without CP. Parents perceived poor OHRQoL among children with CP when compared to those without CP. Hence CP has an impact on oral health necessitating preventive care.
Acting in Light of a Fact and Acting in Light of a Belief
Authors: Vogelmann Rafael Graebin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe conceive of ourselves as beings capable of acting in response to normative reasons. Given that our normative reasons are usually facts, this self‐conception entails that we are capable of acting in response to facts. Arguments from error cases might seem to force us to deflate that self‐conception, for they seem to show that to act in light of a fact must simply be a way of acting in light of a belief. The goal of this article is to argue against this deflationary view. I offer a counterexample to it and argue that in order to reject the argument from error on which it is grounded we should adopt a disjunctive view of acting in light of a consideration. According to this view there are two subjectively indistinguishable but distinct ways of acting in light of a consideration: acting in light of a fact and acting in light of a belief. This view allows us to take seriously the idea that our motivating reasons can be identical to facts and not mere true considerations and thus to take seriously our self‐conception as beings that respond to and are capable of being moved by normative reasons for action.
The impacts of the World Trade Organization on new members
Authors: dos Reis Magnus , da Silva Pôrto Sabino , de Azevedo André Filipe Zago 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn recent years, there has been intense debate on the effects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) on global trade, triggered by Rose’s article (2004) suggesting that the WTO/GATT did not promote world trade at all. In addition, Subramanian and Wei (2007) pointed out a series of asymmetries in trade liberalization led by international organizations. In this paper, we estimate the WTO impact on new members considering both total and disaggregated trade flows from 1995 to 2014 using the gravitational model and Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator. The sample includes bilateral imports from 133 countries in the primary, textile, and industrial sectors. This article provides strong evidence that the WTO has promoted new member trade, but weakly and unevenly between developed and developing countries and across sectors examined. Developed countries continued to benefit most from the increase in world trade promoted by the WTO, but more recent liberalization has also brought gains in exports to the group of the least developed countries (LDCs). Furthermore, the gains, although small, are concentrated in primary products.
Ocular fundus abnormalities in cats affected by systemic hypertension: Prevalence, characterization, and outcome of treatment
Authors: Cirla Alessandro , Drigo Michele , Andreani Valentina , Barsotti Giovanni 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of ocular fundus abnormalities in cats with a diagnosis of systemic hypertension, to characterize the abnormalities observed, and to evaluate ophthalmoscopic evolution during treatment with amlodipine besylate.Animals studiedCats diagnosed as affected by SHP in a 2‐year period.ProceduresSystemic hypertension was assessed by oscillometric blood pressure measurement, and its etiology was also established. All the cats received an ophthalmic examination, and ocular lesions were classified with a score from 0 (no abnormalities) to 4 (severe abnormalities). All cats received amlodipinebesylateby mouth, and those that showed fundus abnormalities were regularly rechecked from 7 to 365 days after diagnosis. Data were statistically analyzed to compare Psysand Pdiawith all the variables and to correlate Psysand Pdiawith the fundus score.ResultsA total of 225 cats were enrolled in the study, and the prevalence of fundus abnormalities was 58.6% (21.2%: grade 1; 18.2%: grade 2; 36.4%: grade 3; and 24.2%: grade 4). Systemic hypertension was diagnosed concurrently with chronic renal failure (60.4%), hyperthyroidism (28.9%), both chronic renal failure and hyperthyroidism (7.6%), and hypertrophic myocardiopathy (3.1%). A significant effect of Psysvalues on the fundus score was detected. Amlodipine therapy improved fundus abnormalities in 50% of cases at the 21‐day follow‐up.ConclusionsThis study showed that fundus abnormalities are common in hypertensive cats at the time of the systemic diagnosis, and most of the abnormalities are moderate to severe. Treatment with amlodipine appeared to improve ophthalmic lesions over time.
Influence of repeat abdominal radiographs on the resolution of mechanical obstruction and gastrointestinal foreign material in dogs and cats
Authors: Miles Samantha , Gaschen Lorrie , Presley Trace , Liu Chin‐Chi , Granger L. Abbigail 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMechanical obstruction is a common cause of acute vomiting among small animals and radiography is the first line diagnostic tool. Due to many circumstances, surgery may not be an immediate treatment option. The purpose of this retrospective, cross‐sectional design study is to determine the incidence of radiographic resolution of mechanical obstruction or gastrointestinal foreign material with medical management. Inclusion criteria included: clinical signs of vomiting, radiographic diagnosis of mechanical obstruction, suspect mechanical obstruction, foreign material suspected or definitively identified on the first set of radiographs and a second set of repeat radiographs within 36 h. Radiographic resolution was dependent on the location of dilation; 18/48 (37.5%) resolved were gastric, 6/35 (17.1%) were small intestinal, and 4/35 (11.4%) had concurrent gastric and small intestinal obstruction. Gastric dilation was more likely to resolve than SI dilation or both gastric and small intestinal dilation (P = .0119). Forty‐nine animals without resolution went to surgery, with two developing pneumoperitoneum, and seven requiring intestinal resection, three of which had linear foreign bodies and three had intestinal masses/strictures. In conclusion, only 17.1% of animals with small intestinal dilation and a radiographic diagnosis of mechanical ileus resolved on repeat radiographs, and only 11.4% of animals with both small intestinal and gastric dilation resolved. Gastric dilation alone was more likely to resolve than small intestinal dilation or a combination of both. This may help to guide practitioners in recommendations for medical management of mechanical ileus in the future.