bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of landscape structure and climate seasonality on pollen intake by honeybees in Neotropical highland agroecosystems
Authors: Montoya‐Pfeiffer Paula María , González‐Chaves Adrian , Nates‐Parra Guiomar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPollen is the main protein source for honeybee brood and so colony development relies heavily on the availability of pollen in the environment. Intensification of agriculture and climate seasonality are known to alter honeybee pollen intake in temperate regions through changes in resource availability; however, little is known about how honeybees respond to such environmental factors in tropical regions.
Pollen collected by honeybees was sampled from apiaries in a Neotropical highland region of Colombia. Pollen species were identified and the effects of landscape diversity, forest area and mean monthly precipitation on the pollen intake by honeybees were evaluated for all pollen species together and pollen species segregated according to forest and anthropic areas.
Honeybees were found to be much more associated with anthropic than forest pollen species regardless of landscape structure or precipitation. However, pollen intake from all species and forest species responded positively to landscape diversity and forest area. Precipitation was found not to be related to the overall amount and overall richness of pollen collected by honeybees. Nonetheless, overall pollen diversity was negatively affected by precipitation in less diverse landscapes, whereas anthropic pollen diversity was negatively affected by precipitation in more forested landscapes.
The Geography of Repression and Opposition to Autocracy
Authors: Bautista Maria Angélica , González Felipe , Martínez Luis R. , Muñoz Pablo , Prem Mounu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractState repression is a prominent feature of nondemocracies, but its effectiveness in quieting dissent and fostering regime survival remains unclear. We exploit the location of military bases before the coup that brought Augusto Pinochet to power in Chile in 1973, which is uncorrelated to precoup electoral outcomes, and show that counties near these bases experienced more killings and forced disappearances at the hands of the government during the dictatorship. Our main result is that residents of counties close to military bases both registered to vote and voted “No” to Pinochet's continuation in power at higher rates in the crucial 1988 plebiscite that bolstered the democratic transition. Potential mechanisms include informational frictions on the intensity of repression in counties far from bases and shifts in preferences caused by increased proximity to the events. Election outcomes after democratization show no lasting change in political preferences.
RNA viruses in the house dust mite Dermatophagoidespteronyssinus, detection in environmental samples and in commercial allergen extracts used for in vivo diagnosis
Authors: Vidal‐Quist José Cristian , Vidal Carmen , Escolar Fernando , Lambrecht Bart N. , Rombauts Stephane , Hernández‐Crespo Pedro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundAllergy to house dust mites (HDM), the most important source of indoor allergens worldwide, is diagnosed and treated using natural extracts from cultures that can contain immunoactive components from the HDM microbiome, including mite‐infecting viruses. This study aimed to contribute to the discovery and characterization of RNA viruses from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, followed by their detection in different mite‐derived sources.MethodsViruses were assembled after in silico metatranscriptomic analysis of D. pteronyssinus RNA samples, visualized by electron microscopy, and RNA detected by direct RT‐PCR or data mining. Mite culture performance was evaluated in vivo.ResultsSeven RNA viruses were identified in our laboratory stock colony. Picornavirus‐like viral particles were detected in epithelial cells of the digestive system and in fecal pellets. Most of these viruses could be persistently transmitted to an inbred virus‐free colony by inoculating fecal material from the stock colony. Upon viral infection, no significant effect could be seen on mite population growth. Transcriptomic screening confirmed the presence of homolog sequences to these viruses in independent laboratory stocks of D. pteronyssinus and in other Astigmata mites. Noteworthy, RNA from most of the viruses could be detected by RT‐PCR on house dust samples, reference standards, and/or commercial diagnostic D. pteronyssinus extracts.ConclusionsOur results show that viral infections are common and widespread in D. pteronyssinus, both in natural and culture‐based growth conditions. Potential effects on the mites themselves and consequences toward allergenicity in humans whether exposed naturally or after immunotherapy are discussed.
Preliminary evidence for the efficacy of single‐session transcranial direct current stimulation to the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex for reducing subclinical paranoia in healthy individuals
Authors: Springfield Cassi R. , Isa Rabab S. , Bass Emily L. , Vanneste Sven , Pinkham Amy E. 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesParanoia manifests similarly in subclinical and clinical populations and is related to distress and impairment. Previous work links paranoia to amygdala hyperactivity and reduced activation of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), a region thought to regulate amygdala activity.MethodsThis study aimed to reduce subclinical paranoia in 40 undergraduates by increasing activity of the VLPFC via single‐session transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). A double‐blind, crossover (active vs. sham stimulation) design was used.ResultsParanoia significantly decreased after active stimulation (dz = 0.51) but not sham (dz = 0.19), suggesting that tDCS of VLPFC was associated with mean‐level reductions in paranoia.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate preliminary support for the role of single‐session active stimulation to the VLPFC for reducing subclinical paranoia in healthy individuals.Practitioner points

In both clinical and subclinical populations, paranoia is related to distress and poorer functional outcomes.

Paranoia has been linked to overactivation of the amygdala, a brain region responsible for detecting salience and threat, and reduced activation of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), a region thought to modulate and regulate amygdala activity.

In this study, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the VLPFC reduced self‐reported paranoia in healthy undergraduate students.

tDCS may be a promising intervention for reducing paranoia in subclinical and clinical populations.

Effects were relatively small and require replication with larger subclinical samples and with clinical samples.
Parental monitoring by foster parents, youth behaviours and the youth–foster parent relationship
Authors: Cooley Morgan E. , Thompson Heather M. , Wojciak Armeda Stevenson , Mihalec‐Adkins Brittany P. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractYouth in foster care overwhelmingly display heightened risks for both internalizing and externalizing behaviours. Few studies document how and under what conditions foster parents effectively respond to child behaviours. The overarching purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between foster parents' parental monitoring, youth behaviours and foster parent–youth relationship. This study utilized secondary data from National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well‐being (NSCAW II) to examine the experiences of 298 youth and their caregivers. Results indicated that parental monitoring was positively associated with lower rates of internalizing and externalizing behaviours. Interestingly, higher parental monitoring was also associated with a more positive relationship between the child and caregiver, as perceived by the youth. Demographic characteristics of youth or foster parents were not significantly associated with parental monitoring. The youth–foster parent relationship mediated associations between parental monitoring and both (a) self‐reported internalizing and externalizing behaviours and (b) caregiver reports of adolescents' externalizing but not internalizing behaviours. These findings suggest that the youth–foster parent relationship is a key mechanism to focus on and underscores the need for specialized foster parent training that emphasizes a relational approach to dealing with behavioural concerns. Future research should continue to explore these associations longitudinally.
970. CYNORKIS KIEHNII
Authors: Hermans Johan , Rajaovelona Landy , Sieder Anton 
Published: April 2021

SummaryCynorkis kiehnii Hermans, Sieder & Prehsler from Madagascar was first described in 2020. It is illustrated here; a full description and conservation assessment are provided. It is compared with similar species from the region, especially Cynorkis elephantina and C. mammuthus.
Patient‐reported outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes in global real‐world clinical practice: The SAGE study
Authors: Wilmot Emma G. , Close Kelly L. , Jurišić‐Eržen Dubravka , Bruttomesso Daniela , Ampudia‐Blasco F. Javier , Bosnyak Zsolt , Roborel de Climens Aude , Bigot Grégory , Peters Anne L. , Renard Eric , Berard Lori , Calliari Luis Eduardo , Seufert Jochen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimsTo conduct a secondary analysis of the SAGE study to evaluate the association between glycaemic control and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs), in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) across different age groups and regions.Materials and methodsSAGE was a multinational, cross‐sectional, observational study in adults with T1DM. Data were collected at a single visit, analysed according to predefined age groups (26‐44, 45‐64, and ≥65 years), and reported across different regions. PRO questionnaires were applied to assess hypoglycaemia fear (Hypoglycemia Fear Survey‐II), diabetes‐related distress (Problem Areas In Diabetes questionnaire), insulin treatment satisfaction (Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire), and diabetes‐specific quality of life (QoL; Audit of Diabetes‐Dependent Quality of Life). Multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) target achievement (<7% and individualised targets) with PRO scores.ResultsThe PRO scores showed relatively low levels of diabetes‐related emotional distress and fear of hypoglycaemia, moderate to high treatment satisfaction, and low diabetes‐related impact on QoL. Results were generally comparable across age groups with some regional variability. Achievement of the HbA1c <7% target was associated with less worry about hypoglycaemia, lower diabetes‐related emotional distress, higher insulin treatment satisfaction, and higher QoL. Achievement of individualised HbA1c targets was associated with lower diabetes‐related emotional distress and higher insulin treatment satisfaction.ConclusionsBetter glycaemic control was most closely associated with low emotional distress due to diabetes and high patient‐reported insulin treatment satisfaction.
White blood count, D‐dimers, and ferritin levels as predictive factors of pulmonary embolism suspected upon admission in noncritically ill COVID‐19 patients: The French multicenter CLOTVID retrospective study
Authors: Galland Joris , Thoreau Benjamin , Delrue Maxime , Neuwirth Marie , Stepanian Alain , Chauvin Anthony , Dellal Azeddine , Nallet Olivier , Roriz Melanie , Devaux Mathilde , London Jonathan , Martin‐Lecamp Gonzague , Froissart Antoine , Arab Nouara , Ferron Bertrand , Groff Marie‐Helene , Queyrel Viviane , Lorut Christine , Regard Lucile , Berthoux Emilie , Bayer Guillaume , Comarmond Chloe , Lioger Bertrand , Mekinian Arsène , Szwebel Tali‐Anne , Sené Thomas , Amador‐Boreiro Blanca , Mangin Olivier , Sellier Pierre‐Olivier , Mouly Stephane , Kevorkian Jean‐Philippe , Siguret Virginie ,   Lariboisière COVID Group, Vodovar Dominique , Sene Damien 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundA high prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) has been described during COVID‐19. Our aim was to identify predictive factors of PE in non‐ICU hospitalized COVID‐19 patients.MethodsData and outcomes were collected upon admission during a French multicenter retrospective study, including patients hospitalized for COVID‐19, with a CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) performed in the emergency department for suspected PE. Predictive factors significantly associated with PE were identified through a multivariate regression model.ResultsA total of 88 patients (median [IQR] age of 68 years [60‐78]) were analyzed. Based on CTPA, 47 (53.4%) patients were diagnosed with PE, and 41 were not. D‐dimer ≥3000 ng/mL (OR 8.2 [95% CI] 1.3‐74.2, sensitivity (Se) 0.84, specificity (Sp) 0.78, P = .03), white blood count (WBC) ≥12.0 G/L (29.5 [2.3‐1221.2], Se 0.47, Sp 0.92, P = .02), and ferritin ≥480 µg/L (17.0 [1.7‐553.3], Se 0.96, Sp 0.44, P = .03) were independently associated with the PE diagnosis. The presence of the double criterion D‐dimer ≥3000 ng/mL and WBC ≥12.0 G/L was greatly associated with PE (OR 21.4 [4.0‐397.9], P = .004).ConclusionThe white blood count, the D‐dimer and ferritin levels could be used as an indication for CTPA to confirm PE on admission in non‐ICU COVID‐19 patients.
Behavioral tagging as a mechanism for aversive‐memory formation under acute stress
Authors: Lopes da Cunha Pamela , Tintorelli Ramiro , Correa Julieta , Budriesi Pablo , Viola Haydee 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe behavioral tagging (BT) hypothesis postulates that a weak learning experience, which only induces short‐term memory, may benefit from another event that provides plasticity‐related proteins (PRPs) to establish a long‐lasting memory. According to BT, the weak experience sets a transient learning tag at specific activated sites, and its temporal and spatial convergence with the PRPs allows the long‐term memory (LTM) formation. In this work, rats were subjected to a weak inhibitory avoidance (IAw) training and we observed that acute stress (elevated platform, EP) experienced 1 hr before IAw promoted IA‐LTM formation. This effect was dependent on glucocorticoid‐receptor activity as well as protein synthesis in the dorsal hippocampus. However, the same stress has negative effects on IA‐LTM formation when training is strong, probably by competing for necessary PRPs. Furthermore, our experiments showed that EP immediately after training did not impair the setting of the learning tag and even facilitated IA‐LTM formation. These findings reveal different impacts of a given acute stressful experience on the formation of an aversive memory that could be explained by BT processes.
Sensitized rotatory motion perception and increased susceptibility to motion sickness in vestibular migraine: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wurthmann Sebastian , Naegel Steffen , Roesner Miriam , Nsaka Michael , Scheffler Armin , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Holle Dagny , Obermann Mark 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeVestibular migraine (VM) patients are ictally and interictally hypersensitive for self‐motion and visual perception. Increased cortical excitability of the vestibular system represented by lowered motion perception thresholds might play an important role in the pathophysiology of VM. We aimed to compare motion perception thresholds and the vegetative response to rotatory motion, as well as the vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) during rotation in VM patients compared to healthy controls (HC).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 28 female VM patients in the interictal state and 33 age‐ and gender‐matched HC were investigated sitting in a motorized rotary chair shielded regarding visual and acoustic stimuli for 20 min with slowly increasing velocity (maximum = 72°/s). The motion perception threshold was indicated by the participants by pushing a button. During and after rotation, participants rated the presence and extent of motion sickness using a sickness rating scale.ResultsWe detected lower motion perception thresholds (7.54°/s vs. 23.49°/s; p < 0.001) in VM patients compared to HC but no difference at the basic VOR thresholds. Furthermore, the patients showed enhanced susceptibility to motion sickness during and after the rotation.ConclusionsWe provide evidence for decreased motion perception thresholds and pronounced susceptibility to motion sickness in VM patients in the interictal state, which could indicate alterations in higher levels of vestibular processing. Future studies should determine whether this could be the pathophysiological hallmark of VM either as a unique disease entity or in differentiation from other forms of migraine.
Towards therapeutic drug monitoring of mycophenolic acid in mucous membrane pemphigoid: A retrospective single‐centre study
Authors: Woillard Jean‐Baptiste , Assikar Safae , Monchaud Caroline , Couraud Amélie , Marquet Pierre , Bédane Christophe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is theoretically a treatment of choice for mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), due to its good long‐term tolerance and efficacy especially in elderly patients. However, no therapeutic monitoring is currently performed despite its large inter‐individual variability.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the exposure/effect relationship based on the area under the curve (AUC) or trough level of mycophenolic acid in MMP patients.MethodsThirteen patients (n = 29 AUC measurements performed between February 2013 and November 2016) treated for MMP at Limoges University Hospital were evaluated using the Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Disease Area Index score, and patients were classified as improvement (>50% decrease vs. baseline) vs. stabilisation (<50%) or non‐response (no improvement). AUC was estimated using a population pharmacokinetic model and Bayesian estimation. The association between exposure parameters, demographic variables and response group was investigated using time‐dependent Cox models, and an AUC threshold for ‘improvement’ was also investigated.ResultsAn improvement was observed in approximately 70% of the patients. Only the MPA AUC0–24 h was retained in the multivariate analysis with a decreased risk of stabilisation/non‐response per 10 mg*h/L increase, (HR = 0.64, 95% CI = [0.43–0.94], P = 0.0038). That led to an AUC0–24 h threshold of 89 mg*h/L associated with excellent performances (AUC ROC = 0.828, Sen = 75%, Spe = 100%, P = 0.0001).Discussion/ConclusionAn association between MPA exposure and disease was observed. Therapeutic drug monitoring can be proposed with an AUC0–24 h threshold of 89 mg*h/L. It might improve the long‐term response of patients to this drug with better tolerance than rituximab or cyclophosphamide.
Brooded coral offspring physiology depends on the combined effects of parental press and pulse thermal history
Authors: Wong Kevin H. , Goodbody‐Gringley Gretchen , de Putron Samantha J. , Becker Danielle M. , Chequer Alex , Putnam Hollie M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReef‐building corals respond to the temporal integration of both pulse events (i.e., heat waves) and press thermal history (i.e., local environment) via physiological changes, with ecological consequences. We used a “press‐pulse‐press” experimental framework to expose the brooding coral Porites astreoides to various thermal histories to understand the physiological response of temporal dynamics within and across generations. We collected adult colonies from two reefs (outer Rim reef and inner Patch reef) in Bermuda with naturally contrasting thermal regimes as our initial “press” scenario, followed by a 21‐day ex situ “pulse” thermal stress of 30.4°C during larval brooding, and a “press” year‐long adult reciprocal transplant between the original sites. Higher endosymbiont density and holobiont protein was found in corals originating from the lower thermal variability site (Rim) compared to the higher thermal variability site (Patch). The thermal pulse event drove significant declines in photosynthesis, endosymbiont density, and chlorophyll a, with bleaching phenotype convergence for adults from both histories. Following the reciprocal transplant, photosynthesis was higher in previously heated corals, indicating recovery from the thermal pulse. The effect of origin (initial press) modulated the response to transplant site for endosymbiont density and chlorophyll a, suggesting contrasting acclimation strategies. Higher respiration and photosynthetic rates were found in corals originating from the Rim site, indicating greater energy available for reproduction, supported by larger larvae released from Rim corals post‐transplantation. Notably, parental exposure to the pulse thermal event resulted in increased offspring plasticity when parents were transplanted to foreign sites, highlighting the legacy of the pulse event and the importance of the environment during recovery in contributing to cross‐generational or developmental plasticity. Together, these findings provide novel insight into the role of historical disturbance events in driving differential outcomes within and across generations, which is of critical importance in forecasting reef futures.
Developing clinical practice guidelines for physiotherapists working with people with inherited bleeding disorders
Authors: Mulder Kathy , McCabe Erin , Strike Karen , Nilson JoAnn 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionSeveral bleeding disorders are characterized by haemorrhage into joints and muscles. These conditions are best managed by interdisciplinary teams that include physiotherapists. In 1997, physiotherapists from haemophilia treatment centres in Canada formed the Canadian Physiotherapists in Hemophilia Care (CPHC). The guiding principles of the CPHC reflect a commitment to evidence‐based practice, education and collaboration.AimTo describe the process used by CPHC to develop evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines to inform best practice, guide decision‐making and help educate physiotherapists, students, and other team members about the physiotherapy management of people with bleeding disorders.MethodsWe followed the procedures outlined in the American Physical Therapy Association's Clinical Practice Guideline Process Manual (2018). Namely, we selected a working group, determined the scope of the guidelines, performed a literature search, selected and appraised the evidence, drafted the guidelines as practice statements, assigned a strength of recommendation to each practice statement and disseminated the guidelines.ResultsThirty‐nine practice statements were developed in nine practice areas. Strength of evidence was strong for two statements, moderate for one and weak for three. The remainder were graded as theoretical or best practice.ConclusionTo our knowledge, these are the first evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines that cover all aspects of physiotherapy management of people with bleeding disorders. Some areas, such as exercise and manual therapy, have been well investigated. However, the overall low levels of evidence and low strengths of recommendations highlight the need for more rigorous research with this population.