bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Study on Magnetomotive Ultrasound Imaging in the Framework of Nanoparticle based Magnetic Drug Targeting
Authors: Fink Michael , Rupitsch Stefan J. , Ermert Helmut , Lyer Stefan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Various medical procedures make use of magnetic nanoparticles, such as Magnetic Drug Targeting (MDT), which boosts the demand for imaging modalities that are capable of in vivo visualizing this kind of particles. Magnetomotive Ultrasound is an imaging technique that can detect tissue, which is perfused by magnetic nanoparticles. In this contribution, we investigate the suitability of Magnetomotive Ultrasound to serve as a monitoring system during MDT. With the conducted measurements, it was possible for the first time to observe in vivo the accumulation of iron-oxide nanoparticles during a Magnetic Drug Targeting cancer treatment applied to a small animal (rabbit).
Electrode Model and Simulation of His- Bundle Pacing for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Pascual Domenic , Heinke Matthias , Echle Reinhard , Hörth Johannes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A disturbed synchronization of the ventricular contraction can cause a highly developed systolic heart failure in affected patients with reduction of the left ventricular ejection fraction, which can often be explained by a diseased left bundle branch block (LBBB). If medication remains unresponsive, the concerned patients will be treated with a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) system. The aim of this study was to integrate His-bundle pacing into the Offenburg heart rhythm model in order to visualize the electrical pacing field generated by His-Bundle-Pacing. Modelling and electrical field simulation activities were performed with the software CST (Computer Simulation Technology) from Dessault Systèms. CRT with biventricular pacing is to be achieved by an apical right ventricular electrode and an additional left ventricular electrode, which is floated into the coronary vein sinus. The non-responder rate of the CRT therapy is about one third of the CRT patients. His- Bundle-Pacing represents a physiological alternative to conventional cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization. An electrode implanted in the His-bundle emits a stronger electrical pacing field than the electrical pacing field of conventional cardiac pacemakers. The pacing of the Hisbundle was performed by the Medtronic Select Secure 3830 electrode with pacing voltage amplitudes of 3 V, 2 V and 1,5 V in combination with a pacing pulse duration of 1 ms. Compared to conventional pacemaker pacing, His-bundle pacing is capable of bridging LBBB conduction disorders in the left ventricle. The His-bundle pacing electrical field is able to spread via the physiological pathway in the right and left ventricles for CRT with a narrow QRS-complex in the surface ECG.
Is a thin diameter ureteroscope feasible for image guided intravascular procedures?
Authors: Boese Axel , Friebe Michael 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vascular endoscopic imaging is known for a long time but has never made its way into clinical routine. Reasons for that are the complexity, lack of low-cost portable systems, and the lack of suitable endoscopes providing high image quality with small dimensions. In addition, an interruption of the blood flow caused by the device and the opacity of blood are difficult to manage. In the past we have already developed ideas to overcome these difficulties and now we present a feasibility test of a thin diameter ureteroscope for observation of vascular procedures. The imaging system was tested in a phantom where side branches were explored, a stent was placed and a simulated aneurysm coiled.
Characterisation of compound middle lamella isolated by a combination of wet-beating, sedimentation, and methanol dialysis
Authors: Matsushita Yasuyuki , Fukumura Taichi , Aoki Dan , Fukushima Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A simple method was developed to isolate the compound middle lamella (CML) in its natural state using wet-beating, sedimentation, and methanol dialysis. The isolated CML fraction was characterised. The CML was isolated in 2.0% yield from the mature wood of Ginkgo biloba. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the isolated CML fraction showed the presence of flake-like structures. However, some small amounts of secondary wall substance was observed. The lignin content of the CML fraction was approximately 45%. Thioacidolysis reactions with the isolated CML fraction revealed that the lignin β-O-4 structure was scarce in the isolated fraction and that numerous structures with two or more consecutive condensed-type bonds were present. Results from the solid-state carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) experiments indicated that the CML fraction had low crystallinity, indicating low cellulose content. Liquid-state NMR analysis of the lignin from the CML fraction revealed the absence of p-hydroxyphenyl (H) units.
The effect of nuchal umbilical cord on fetal cardiac and cerebral circulation-cross-sectional study
Authors: Murlewska Julia , Sylwestrzak Oskar , Poszwa Przemysław , Respondek-Liberska Maria 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The subject of our analysis is the influence of umbilical cord collision around the fetal neck on the fetal heart function and cerebral circulation.

Methods
Our study was carried out on a group of 115 fetuses from single pregnancies with physiological course, during the 15th to 40th week of pregnancy. In our analysis, we examined the following parameters: Tei index for right ventricle, Tei index for left ventricle with Tei index components: isovolumetric contraction time, isovolumetric relaxation time, ejection time and cardiothoracic area ratio, middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (PS MCA), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (PI MCA). Gestational age in our study was: 28+2±34. The study group of patients with fetal umbilical cord around neck group (fUCAN) included 38 fetuses (20 males, 18 females). The control group of patients with no fetal umbilical cord around neck group (NfUCAN) included 77 fetuses (43 males, 34 females).

Results
In our study, we found no significant differences in the values obtained: Tei LV in fUCAN: 0.5±0.1 vs. in NfUCAN: 0.5±0.1; p=0.42), Tei RV in fUCAN: 0.5±0.2 vs. in NfUCAN: 0.4±0.1; (p=0.2). Tricuspid valve regurgitation-TR was observed with the following frequency: fUCAN: 7/38, 18% vs. NfUCAN: 13/77, 17%; p=0.8. MCA PS in study fUCAN group was significantly higher than in NfUCAN (40.2±11.5 vs. 32.5±9.5; p=0.003), although other hemodynamic and clinical variables did not differ between the study and control groups.

Conclusions
The fetal nuchal umbilical cord collision did not affect the fetal heart function expressed as Tei index, at the time of fetal heart examination (at mean gestational age 29+4 weeks). The fUCAN group presented elevated PS MCA, which was not related to other hemodynamic and clinical variables between the study and control groups.
Effects of laser and GMA hybrid welding parameters on shape, residual stress and deformation of HSLA steel welds
Authors: Lu Yongxin , Xu Xueli , Zhang Binhua , Qiang Wei , Lu Hao , Wang Dafeng , Wang Haitao , Wang Zhou 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As a high-efficiency and high-quality welding process, hybrid laser-MAG welding (HLMW) has significant potential of application in welding thick plates. In the present study, based on thermal elastic–plastic theory, a three-dimensional finite element model is developed to predict the weld shape characteristics, residual stress and distortion in HLMW for a butt joint of 12-mm-thick high strength steel plate. Metal active gas arc welding (MAG) heat input and laser energy are modeled as one double-ellipsoid body heat source and one cone body heat source with enhanced peak density along the central axis, respectively. The comparison between calculated molten pool shapes and those obtained by the experiment shows a good agreement. Then weld shape characteristic, residual stresses and distortions are calculated in four different welding process parameters. The results show that the increase of laser power and current can effectively increase the weld penetration width when the welding speed is fixed. At the top surfaces of weldment, the peak stress of high laser beam power is more significant than that of low laser beam power. A high compressive transverse stress of low laser beam power can be found at the welding zone and the surrounding heat affected zone. However, at the bottom surfaces of weldment, the peak stress of low laser beam power is larger than that of high laser beam power. The peak stress of low laser beam power is much larger than that of high laser beam power. A high compressive transverse stress of low laser beam power can be found at the welding zone. The vertical deformation in low laser beam power and low arc current welding has the lowest value.
Structure redetermination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide monohydrate, C18H28BrNO2 – localization of hydrogen atoms
Authors: Muller Kina , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
C18H28BrNO2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.0417(4) Å, b = 9.1635(5) Å, c = 27.3371(15) Å, V = 1763.97(17) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0275, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0596, T = 200 K.
Current practice and perceptions of safety protocols for the use of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the operating room: results of the IP-OR international survey
Authors: Clerc Daniel , Hübner Martin , Ashwin K.R. , Somashekhar S.P. , Rau Beate , Ceelen Wim , Willaert Wouter , Bakrin Naoual , Laplace Nathalie , Al Hosni Mohammed , Garcia Lozcano Edgar Luis , Blaj Sebastian , Piso Pompiliu , Di Giorgio Andrea , Vizzelli Giuseppe , Brigand Cécile , Delhorme Jean-Baptiste , Klipfel Amandine , Archid Rami , Nadiradze Giorgi , Reymond Marc A. , Sgarbura Olivia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the risk perception and the uptake of measures preventing environment-related risks in the operating room (OR) during hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC).

Methods
A multicentric, international survey among OR teams in high-volume HIPEC and PIPAC centers: Surgeons (Surg), Scrub nurses (ScrubN), Anesthesiologists (Anest), Anesthesiology nurses (AnesthN), and OR Cleaning staff (CleanS). Scores extended from 0–10 (maximum).

Results
Ten centers in six countries participated in the study (response rate 100%). Two hundred and eleven responses from 68 Surg (32%), 49 ScrubN (23%), 45 Anest (21%), 31 AnesthN (15%), and 18 CleanS (9%) were gathered. Individual uptake of protection measures was 51.4%, similar among professions and between HIPEC and PIPAC. Perceived levels of protection were 7.57 vs. 7.17 for PIPAC and HIPEC, respectively (p<0.05), with Anesth scoring the lowest (6.81). Perceived contamination risk was 4.19 for HIPEC vs. 3.5 for PIPAC (p<0.01). Information level was lower for CleanS and Anesth for HIPEC and PIPAC procedures compared to all other responders (6.48 vs. 4.86, and 6.48 vs. 5.67, p<0.01). Willingness to obtain more information was 86%, the highest among CleanS (94%).

Conclusions
Experience with the current practice of safety protocols was similar during HIPEC and PIPAC. The individual uptake of protection measures was rather low. The safety perception was better for PIPAC, but the perceived level of protection remained relatively low. The willingness to obtain more information was high. Intensified, standardized training of all OR team members involved in HIPEC and PIPAC is meaningful.
Risks associated with the evolution in the compounding process of parenteral nutrition solutions: use of the “FMECA” method
Authors: Dozias Gautier , Thiec Julie , Le Den Gwenola , Cogulet Virginie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
An audit of the practices of our compounding unit was performed in 2016: areas of improvement were proposed, such as the automatization of our process. An automated compounder was acquired (MediMixmulti® MF4120R). The aim of the study was to anticipate the risks of the new process, in order to improve its security and to support the professionals during this evolution of our compounding process.

Methods
The Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) method was carried out in order to detect potential failures brought by the automatization of parenteral nutrition (PN) manufacturing in the new process. The FMECA method included four steps that were divided into five work sessions of one and a half hour each over a period of two months. A working group made up of professionals involved in the PN production process was set up (pharmacists, pharmacy resident, manager and pharmaceutical technician).

Results
Fifty failure modes were determined by this analysis, of which 96% could have an impact on the patient, 90% on the health staff and 74% on the product. The FMECA shows that 18 failure modes have a tolerable or unacceptable CI (CI≥100) for which it is necessary to implement preventive measures as a priority. This work also made it possible to review the barrier measures already in place for the current process.

Conclusions
The risk analysis allowed us to analyze the failures of both the actual and the future manufacturing processes. Once the most critical failure modes were identified, specific recommendations were proposed and an improvement plan was established. First, the compounder needs to be fully qualified. Then, the quality manual of the PN process will be reviewed and updated. Once these steps are completed, the pharmacy professionals (pharmacists, pharmacy technicians) will be trained and the PN production will be performed using the automated compounder on a daily basis.
Earthen mounds in the Głubczyce Forest (SW Poland) – are they prehistoric long-barrows? Geoarchaeology of the Silesian soil record and human-environment interplay in the Holocene
Authors: Krupski Mateusz , Mackiewicz Maksym , Kabała Cezary , Ehlert Maciej , Cendrowska Marzena 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two earthen mounds, trapezoid in shape, oriented along the W-E/NW-SE axis and located in prominent landscape positions, were recently discovered in the Głubczyce Forest in the loess area of the Głubczyce Plateau (SW Poland). Their resemblance to long-barrows of the Funnel Beaker culture, as yet unknown in this part of Silesia prompted low-invasive research, involving ALS data analysis, magnetic prospection and a study of soil properties. The objective was to determine if these are indeed anthropogenic structures and if so, how and when were they built. The results indicate: 1) a transformation from chernozemic (Phaeozem) to clay-illuvial soil (Luvisol/Retisol) in the Głubczyce Forest area. Similar processes were identified in neighbouring Central European loess regions and linked with prehistoric climate/vegetation changes (the spread of dense, beech-dominant forests). Human management of the landscape (involving sustained deforestation), enabled the patchy preservation of chernozemic soils until the present-day, 2) both mounds are anthropogenic features, built on a Phaeozem using chernozemic soil. Their construction occurred before the soil transformation, i.e. most likely in prehistory. The development of the Głubczyce Forest may have taken place during the Migration period – a time of settlement decline in Silesia, and 3) the Głubczyce Forest bears further traces of anthropogenic activity: ancient agriculture (field systems), funerary practices, forest management and WWII combat.
Understanding and translating Confucian philosophy in the Analects: a sociosemiotic perspective
Authors: Min Fan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As the representative of Chinese classical works, the Analects represents a source of difficulty in both understanding and interpretation of Confucian philosophy. Confucian philosophy as a philosophy of creativity and otherness is closely related with the social and cultural values in society. Therefore, the study of Confucian philosophy in the Analects cannot be separated from the descriptive study of the effects of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, contexts, language use, and the effects of language use on society. This article attempts to explore how the meaning of Confucian philosophy in the Analects is interpreted and accepted by Western readers through complex social semiotic interactions. The article focuses on the interpretation of Confucian philosophy as a reflection of cultural assumptions, values and prohibitions, and the manipulation of the social semiotic resources in the process of understanding, translation, and acceptance of Confucian philosophy in the Analects through a discussion of its original text, different versions and the reasons behind the social semiotic activities. The article concludes with a consideration of significant social semiotic interactions that influence the translator’s interpretation and reader’s acceptance of Confucian philosophy so as to facilitate intercultural understanding.
Snapshot picture of microplastic pollution in Halifax Regional Municipality
Authors: Teddiman Rebecca 
Published: February 2021

Microplastic pollution is a pervasive problem. Many species have been found to ingest microplastics and this poses a risk to biodiversity (Fauna and Flora International, 2013). In Nova Scotia, there are few quantitative data on microplastic pollution. As quantifying microplastic pollution has only recently attained attention in Nova Scotia, no standardized methods for collection and analysis have been established. This project, although limited in scope, identified and quantified microplastic pollution on McNabs Island and Lake Banook beaches using established sampling and processing methods. The samples were evaluated using a combination of density separation, microscopic identification and RamanTM spectroscopy. This provided information to compare with other research. Keywords: Biodiversity, Microplastic Filtration SystemTM, Microplastic pollution, Nova Scotia
The Bologna Process and the Law on Higher Education and Science
Authors: Skinder Marcin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The subject of the study is the Bologna Process, its assumptions and course. The article contains an analysis of the Act on university education and science in order to indicate solutions for the harmonization in Poland under the Bologna movement. This movement is characterized as an example of European integration (harmonization) in the sphere of higher education, which was initiated by the Bologna Declaration of 19 June 1999. The main idea behind this declaration was the joint creation of the European Higher Education Area. The process initiated then goes beyond the scope of activities undertaken only by European Union governments. The analysis covers the following parts: The scope of the Bologna Process, Further European actors and the Sorbonne Declaration, The Bologna Process today, Implementation barriers was well as criticism. An integral part of the work is the Bologna Process and the Constitution for Science (Law on university education and science).
Seroprevalence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in Croatia – Short communication
Authors: Štritof Zrinka , Mitchell Catriona , Turk Nenad , Habuš Josipa , Hađina Suzana , Perharić Matko , Waller Andrew S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClinical cases resembling strangles are regularly seen in some areas of Croatia. However, there are no data on the prevalence of infection and the clinical forms or geographic distribution of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in horses resident in Croatia, in order to estimate the geographic distribution of infection. The study included 291 horse sera from the eight counties where the majority of Croatian horses are kept. Sera were tested by indirect ELISA (iELISA) for the presence of serum antibodies against S. equi protein A (SEQ_2190) and protein C (SeM). Positive horses were detected in all counties. Overall seroprevalence was 16.5 per cent (48/291), ranging from 7.1 to 29.6 per cent. A positive association was observed between the population size of the horses in the counties and the seropositivity rates: the larger the population, the higher the seropositivity. The results of this study suggest that S. equi infection is widespread in Croatia. Further investigation of the clinical manifestations, circulating strains and other characteristics of the disease in Croatia and raising awareness of the disease among horse owners are now required.
Birinci Basamakta Osteoporoz Risk Ölçeği Kullanımı
Authors: ÖKSÜZ Serap , ÖNGEL Kurtuluş 
Published: February 2021

Özet

Amaç: Osteoporoz en sık görülen metabolik kemik hastalığı olup; ciddi morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olan, erken tanı ve tedavi ile önlenebilen bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerine başvuran 40 yaş üzeri kadın ve erkek bireylerin osteoporoz riskinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal metot: Bu çalışma 15.02.2018-15.03.2018 tarihleri arasında İKÇÜ Karşıyaka 57 Nolu Eğitim Aile Sağlığı Merkezine başvuran 40 yaş üzeri kadın ve erkek toplam 154 hastaya önceden araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanmış sosyodemografik özelliklerini ve osteoporoz risk faktörlerini içeren 16 sorudan oluşan anketin uygulanması ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 154 hasta dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılanların %31,1’i normal, %68,8’i osteopeni risk grubunda çıkmıştır. Çalışmada osteoporoz riski açısından kadın cinsiyet, düşük eğitim düzeyi, düşük vücut kütle indeksi, süt ve süt ürünlerinin az tüketimi, yüksek kahve tüketimi, güneş ışığına yetersiz maruziyet risk faktörü olarak karşılaştırılan gruplara göre istatistiksel anlamlı riskli gruplar olarak tespit edilmiştir (p
AN ANALYSIS ON IMAGE ENCRYPTION FOR SECURED TRANSMISSION OF BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Et al. A. Mohanarathinam 
Published: February 2021

Digital images are very popularly used for communications over the internet. Embedded information in the digital image has to be securely transmitted without any modification in the image. The biomedical telemedicine gains significant importance in information transmission and with increasing popularity with Tele-ophthalmology, requirement of medical data confidentiality and privacy also increases for data storage and secure transformation. The objective is to analyse the bioimage encryption algorithms which provides security and privacy to the bioimages. In this paper retinal fundus image online available dataset have used. The proposed work is analysed by considering, three performance parameters such as PSNR, MSE and CR. The two different encryption algorithms namely block-based perceptual encryption (BBPE) and advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm along with arithmetic compression have tested . The proposed work results tested on standard test images and retinal fundus images shows that the BBPE method attains PSNR of 27.58db , MSE of 3.20e+03 and CR of 4.27 for standard test images and 13.35db, 1.4046e+04 and 7.28 respectively for medical HRF images. The BBPE algorithm can be used in tele-ophthalmology and telemedicine applications.