bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AB0754 THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BODY COMPOSITION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN ADULTS WITH JUVENIL IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: De Oliveira R. , Julio P. , Fernandes P. , Marini R. , Appenzeller S. 
Published: May 2021

Background:With improvement of treatment, long-term factors influencing quality of life have to be addressed in the care of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients.Objectives:To compare body composition, level of physical activity and self-esteem of adult patients with JIA with control group (CG).Methods:The levels of physical activity were analyzed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. The body composition data were collected using the Omrom HBF 514 C vertical electric bioimpedance device. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used to assess positive and negative attitude and feelings about themselves, where the lower the score, the higher the individual’s self-esteem. For the statistical analysis of the data, the IBM SPSS software was used with a significance index of p <0.05.Results:We included 81 individuals >18 years, 38 with JIA and 43 healthy people. The female sex was the largest participant in this research, being. There was no significant difference regarding sex [female =28 (73.7%) in JIA and 26 (60.5%) in CG] and age of the groups (29.39 ± 7.6 vs. 31.1 ± 3.1, p = 0.18). The CG showed greater height and body weight (163.5 ± 9.8 vs. 169.6 ± 8.0, p<0.001; 63.07 ± 16.65 vs. 69.33 ± 6.88, p = 0.003, respectively), but no difference in Body Mass Index (BMI) was observed (24.32 ± 4.9 vs. 24.12 ± 2.09, p = 0.8). JIA had a higher percentage of total fat mass (31.65 ± 10.20 vs. 28.47 ± 4.9, p = 0.07), while the CG had a higher percentage of total muscle mass (29.7 ± 6.5 vs. 35.86 ± 6.05, p<0.001). The self-esteem of JIA patients was lower than in the CG (21 ± 3.9 vs. 16.26 ± 4.3, p<0.001). In the IPAQ classifications, JIA patients were classified as less physically active than the CG (2.63% vs. 20.93%, p = 0.022), less irregularly active (5.26% vs. 23.25, p = 0.023) and a higher level of sedentary lifestyle (65.78% vs. 25.58%, p<0.001). A higher percentage of muscle mass was associated with greater self-esteem (r=-0.3; p=0.01).Conclusion:The low practice of physical activities by patients with JIA seems to directly influence both, their body composition and their self-esteem. These patients should be encouraged to increase physical activity from an early age by a multiprofessional healthcare team to seek improvement their quality of life.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
AB0757 ON THE ISSUE OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PANNICULITIS
Authors: Egorova O. , Gorodetskiy V. , Belov B. , Potapova A. , Radenska-Lopovok S. , Probatova N. 
Published: May 2021

Background:Diagnosis of panniculitis (Pn) is associated with significant difficulties due to the variety of etiological factors, which include panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (PLTСL) – a rare variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Objectives:to study clinical and laboratory features of PLTСL in rheumatology.Methods:Over 8 years PLTСL was diagnosed in 10 patients (9 women and 1 man, average age 37.2 ± 7.4) who were referred to V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology with a diagnosis of erythema nodosum or panniculitis. In addition to general clinical study, serum concentrations of α-1 antitrypsin, amylase, lipase, ferritin, creatine phosphokinase, immunological parameters (ANF-Hep2, dsDNA, C3 and C4 complements, CRP, ANCA, Scl-70, antibodies to cardiolipins G and M) were determined, and positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT), histological and immunohistochemical examination (IHC) of the biopsy sample of skin with subcutaneous fat from the affected areas were performed.Results:The clinical picture of PLTСL was characterized by generalized red-crimson moderately painful (VAS pain intensity 45mm) subcutaneous nodes on the upper limbs and trunk (100%), face (60%) and lower extremities (75%), without ulceration and oily fluid leakage. A “trembling saucer” symptom was evident in 75% of the observed cases. All patients had febrile fever. No enlargement of the lymph nodes of the liver and spleen was observed. The blood test revealed leukopenia (up to 2.0·x 109 /l) in 50% of cases, an increase in ESR and CRP by three or more times in 100% of cases. The biochemical blood test demonstrated an increase in LDH activity by two or more times in all patients. PET-CT in 100% of cases revealed an intense accumulation of 18F-FDG in the nodes which correlated with a high proliferative activity index. The morphological picture resembled lobular panniculitis without vasculitis. Tumor lymphocytes had an immunophenotype of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes: CD3+, CD8+, granzyme B+. To confirm the tumor nature of the infiltrate the rearrangements of the T-cell receptor genes were studied. Glucocorticoid therapy (23.5±9.6 mg/day) was ineffective which required polychemotherapy in most patients.Conclusion:PLTСL presents a complex diagnostic task that requires a multidisciplinary approach to verify the diagnosis and treatment tactics.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Virtual reality in medical students’ education: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Haowen Jiang , Vimalesvaran Sunitha , Myint Kyaw Bhone , Tudor Car Lorainne 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundVirtual reality (VR) is a technology that produces a virtual manifestation of the real world. In recent years, VR has been increasingly used as a tool in medical education. The use of VR in medical education has large potential, as it allows for distance learning and training which may be challenging to deliver in real life. VR encompasses different tools and applications. There is a need to explore how VR has been employed in medical education to date.ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review is to conceptualise the VR tools available and the applications of VR in undergraduate medical education as reported in the literature. This scoping review will identify any gaps in this field and provide suggestions for future research.Methods and analysisThe relevant studies will be examined using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological framework for scoping studies. A comprehensive search from a total of six electronic databases and grey literature sources will be performed. The reference list of included studies will be screened for additional studies. The screening and data extraction will be done in parallel and independently by two review authors. Any discrepancies will be resolved through consensus or discussion with a third review author. A data extraction form has been developed using key themes from the research questions. The extracted data will be qualitatively analysed and presented in a diagrammatic or tabular form, alongside a narrative summary, in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines.Ethics and disseminationAll data will be collected from published and grey literature. Ethics approval is therefore not a requirement. We will present our findings at relevant conferences and submit them for publications in peer-reviewed journals.
Protocol for a randomised controlled trial for Treatment in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Surgery versus Surveillance (TITAN: SvS)
Authors: Guo Ming Hao , Appoo Jehangir J , Wells George A , Chu Michael , Ouzounian Maral , Fortier Jacqueline , Boodhwani Munir 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionAscending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) is an asymptomatic condition that can lead to catastrophic events of rupture or dissection. Current guidelines are based on limited retrospective data and recommend surgical intervention for ATAA with a diameter of greater or equal to 5.5 cm. Treatment in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Surgery versus Surveillance is the first prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trial that compares outcomes of patients undergoing early elective ascending aortic surgery to patients undergoing medical surveillance.Methods and analysisPatients between the ages of 18 and 80 with an asymptomatic ATAA between 5.0 cm and 5.4 cm in diameter are eligible for randomisation to early surgery or surveillance. Patients in the surgery group will be followed at 1 month after discharge, then annually for a minimum of 2 years and up to 5 years. Patients in the surveillance group will be followed annually from their index clinic visit for a minimum of 2 years and up to 5 years. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at follow-up. A sample size of 618 subjects (309 in each group) will achieve an 80% power at a 0.047 significance level.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board approval (Protocol 20180007-01H), which was most recently updated on 25 November 2020. The Research Ethics Board have granted approval to the study at 14 participating institutions, including the Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board. On completion of data analysis, the result of the trial will be presented at national and international conferences, and published in relevant journals, regardless of the finding of the trial.Trial registration numberNCT03536312.
Molecular and petrographical evidence for lacustrine environmental and biotic change in the palaeo-Sichuan mega-lake (China) during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event
Authors: Xu Weimu , Weijers Johan W. H. , Ruhl Micha , Idiz Erdem F. , Jenkyns Hugh C. , Riding James B. , Gorbanenko Olga , Hesselbo Stephen P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

The organic-rich upper Lower Jurassic Da'anzhai Member (Ziliujing Formation) of the Sichuan Basin, China is the first stratigraphically well-constrained lacustrine succession associated with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE;
c.
183 Ma). The expansion of the palaeo-Sichuan mega-lake, probably one of the most extensive freshwater systems to have existed on the planet, is marked by large-scale lacustrine organic productivity and carbon burial during the T-OAE, possibly owing to intensified hydrological cycling and nutrient supply. New molecular biomarker and organic petrographical analyses, combined with bulk organic and inorganic geochemical and palynological data, are presented here, providing insight into aquatic productivity, land-plant biodiversity and terrestrial ecosystem evolution in continental interiors during the T-OAE. We show that lacustrine algal growth during the T-OAE accounted for a significant organic-matter flux to the lakebed in the palaeo-Sichuan mega-lake. Lacustrine water-column stratification during the T-OAE facilitated the formation of dysoxic–anoxic conditions at the lake bottom, favouring organic-matter preservation and carbon sequestration into organic-rich black shales in the Sichuan Basin. We attribute the palaeo-Sichuan mega-lake expansion to enhanced hydrological cycling in a more vigorous monsoonal climate in the hinterland during the T-OAE greenhouse.
Radium-223–Induced Bystander Effects Cause DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Disseminated Tumor Cells in Bone Marrow
Authors: Canter Brian S. , Leung Calvin N. , Fritton J. Christopher , Bäck Tom , Rajon Didier , Azzam Edouard I. , Howell Roger W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Radiation-induced bystander effects have been implicated in contributing to the growth delay of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) caused by 223RaCl2, an alpha particle–emitting radiopharmaceutical. To understand how 223RaCl2 affects the growth, we have quantified biological changes caused by direct effects of radiation and bystander effects caused by the emitted radiations on DTC and osteocytes. Characterizing these effects contribute to understanding the efficacy of alpha particle–emitting radiopharmaceuticals and guide expansion of their use clinically. MDA-MB-231 or MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were inoculated intratibially into nude mice that were previously injected intravenously with 50 or 600 kBq/kg 223RaCl2. At 1-day and 3-days postinoculation, tibiae were harvested and examined for DNA damage (γ-H2AX foci) and apoptosis in osteocytes and cancer cells located within and beyond the range (70 μm) of alpha particles emitted from the bone surface. Irradiated and bystander MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells harbored DNA damage. Bystander MDA-MB-231 cells expressed DNA damage at both treatment levels while bystander MCF-7 cells required the higher administered activity. Osteocytes also had DNA damage regardless of inoculated cancer cell line. The extent of DNA damage was quantified by increases in low (1–2 foci), medium (3–5 foci), and high (5+ foci) damage. MDA-MB-231 but not MCF-7 bystander cells showed increases in apoptosis in 223RaCl2-treated animals, as did irradiated osteocytes. In summary, radiation-induced bystander effects contribute to DTC cytotoxicity caused by 223RaCl2.

Implications:
This observation supports clinical investigation of the efficacy of 223RaCl2 to prevent breast cancer DTC from progressing to oligometastases.
Complement C1s and C4d as Prognostic Biomarkers in Renal Cancer: Emergence of Noncanonical Functions of C1s
Authors: Daugan Marie V. , Revel Margot , Russick Jules , Dragon-Durey Marie-Agnès , Gaboriaud Christine , Robe-Rybkine Tania , Poillerat Victoria , Grunenwald Anne , Lacroix Guillaume , Bougouin Antoine , Meylan Maxime , Verkarre Virginie , Oudard Stephane M. , Mejean Arnaud , Vano Yann A. , Perkins Geraldine , Validire Pierre , Cathelineau Xavier , Sanchez-Salas Rafael , Damotte Diane , Fremeaux-Bacchi Veronique , Cremer Isabelle , Sautès-Fridman Catherine , Fridman Wolf H. , Roumenina Lubka T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe complement system plays a complex role in cancer. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), local production of complement proteins drives tumor progression, but the mechanisms by which they do this are poorly understood. We found that complement activation, as reflected by high plasma C4d or as C4d deposits at the tumor site, was associated with poor prognosis in two cohorts of patients with ccRCC. High expression of the C4-activating enzyme C1s by tumor cells was associated with poor prognosis in three cohorts. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the prognostic value of C1s was independent from complement deposits, suggesting the possibility of complement cascade–unrelated, protumoral functions for C1s. Silencing of C1s in cancer cell lines resulted in decreased proliferation and viability of the cells and in increased activation of T cells in in vitro cocultures. Tumors expressing high levels of C1s showed high infiltration of macrophages and T cells. Modification of the tumor cell phenotype and T-cell activation were independent of extracellular C1s levels, suggesting that C1s was acting in an intracellular, noncanonical manner. In conclusion, our data point to C1s playing a dual role in promoting ccRCC progression by triggering complement activation and by modulating the tumor cell phenotype and tumor microenvironment in a complement cascade–independent, noncanonical manner. Overexpression of C1s by tumor cells could be a new escape mechanism to promote tumor progression.See related Spotlight by Magrini and Garlanda, p. 855.See article by Daugan et al., p. 909 (40).
A patho-microbiological study of tissue samples of the Greater Adjutant Leptoptilos dubius (Aves: Ciconiiformes: Ciconiidae) that died in Deeporbeel Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam, India
Authors: Brahma Derhasar , Kakati Parikshit , Gogoi Sophia M. , Doley Sharmita , Bharali Arpita , Dutta Biswajit , Rahman Taibur , Islam Saidul , Ali Arfan , Khan Siraj A. , Das Sailendra K. , Barman Nagendra N. 
Published: May 2021

The Greater Adjutant is an IUCN Red List ‘Endangered’ scavenging stork. This study reports the findings of post-mortem, histopathology, and a series of microbiological tests conducted on the Greater Adjutant that died in Deeporbeel Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam. A post-mortem examination revealed extensive nodule forming parasitic (Balfouria monogama) infestations in the stomach and intestine. Generalised congestion and haemorrhages in multiple organs were also revealed by the histopathological findings. Bacteriological culture detected the presence of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp., and Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens was confirmed by cpa gene PCR). Virus detection tests like HA and HI test for NDV and rapid antigen detection test for Avian Influenza virus were found to be negative; however, PCR of tissue samples from two Greater Adjutants for Flavivirus was found to be positive. Greater Adjutants may carry the above bacteria as commensals in their GI tract and may possibly act as a reservoir of Flavivirus. The actual cause of deaths, however, were confirmed by the forensic report to be due to organophosphorus toxicity.
Further additions to the Odonata (Insecta) fauna of Asansol-Durgapur Industrial Area, Paschim Bardhaman, India
Authors: Nayak Amar Kumar , Roy Subhajit 
Published: May 2021

In this present communication we report the occurrence of additional 13 Odonate species from the Asansol-Durgapur Industrial Area, West Bengal, India, making the total 76. This paper reports the first record of Libellago indica (Fraser, 1928) and first photographic records of Macromia flavicincta Selys, 1874 from West Bengal. It also reports the range extension of Macromia cingulata Rambur, 1842 from the Purulia District to Paschim Bardhaman District.
A looming exotic reptile pet trade in India: patterns and knowledge gaps
Authors: Pragatheesh A. , Deepak V. , Girisha H.V. , Tomar Monesh Singh 
Published: May 2021

Commercial trade of exotic reptiles through CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) in India is relatively recent (<2 decades). Social media platforms and web portals are known to be used for pet trade. Exotic pet trade is not legally regulated within India. Therefore, little is known on the scale at which this trade is carried out in India. We conducted a two-year study between 2018 and 2020 gathering information of exotic reptile pet trade online and summarized CITES documentation of the yearly import export records from 1976 to 2018 by CITES secretariat. This manuscript provides a baseline for the extent of the trade, invasive species and the species traded in mainland India. We found that there is an extensive trade of exotic reptiles in the country, comprising 84 species including the highly venomous species such as Bitis gabonica. According to CITES records of 1976–2018, 98.6% of the reptile imports into India have not been reported to the CITES management authorities in India. We also found some evidence of trade in protected native species through the exotic pet trade network. Furthermore, some highly threatened reptile species including many listed in Appendix I of CITES are traded in India.
Integrating Faith and Profit: The Religio-Commercial Network Spanning China and Japan, 1100-1270
Authors: Li Yiwen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
By reinterpreting a set of correspondence between Chinese and Japanese monks, this article gives a “thick description” of a lumber transaction between a prestigious monastery in Hangzhou, China, and a newly established monastery in Hakata, Japan. Examining the network connecting the two monasteries shows that in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, Hakata-based Chinese merchants sought patronage and connections from powerful religious establishments in both China and Japan, whose political patronage conferred economic privileges. The quest for gaining trade profits, spreading Buddhist teachings, and enhancing political authority drove all the parties together and formed a religio-commercial network linking China and Japan.
STEAM Education for Critical Consciousness: Discourses of Liberation and Social Change among Sixth-Grade Students
Authors: Upadhyay Bhaskar , Coffino Kara , Alberts John , Rummel Andrew 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this case study, we present opportunities science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education provided to a sixth-grade class. We collected observational and interview data in a language arts and a science class over 1 year. We used the liberation social psychology (LSP) framework to understand students’ discourses and discussions as they drew from science, engineering activities, and language arts ideas. Further, LSP allowed us to explore students’ engagement in critical reflection of social, racial, and other discrimination. The data analysis showed that STEAM education promoted the integration of science ideas, engineering design, social and critical consciousness. We found STEAM education supported discourses of critical reflection, racism, and social discrimination in class. Finally, we argue that STEAM education in Asia-Pacific and Global South countries has to be about critical consciousness, social change, and liberation of underrepresented groups and immigrants for more inclusive, sociopolitically conscious, and democratic STEAM education experiences.
Going with the Trend: Forecasting Seasonal Climate Conditions under Climate Change
Authors: Shao Yawen , Wang Quan J. , Schepen Andrew , Ryu Dongryeol 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFor managing climate variability and adapting to climate change, seasonal forecasts are widely produced to inform decision-making. However, seasonal forecasts from global climate models are found to poorly reproduce temperature trends in observations. Furthermore, this problem is not addressed by existing forecast postprocessing methods that are needed to remedy biases and uncertainties in model forecasts. The inability of the forecasts to reproduce the trends severely undermines user confidence in the forecasts. In our previous work, we proposed a new statistical postprocessing model that counteracted departures in trends of model forecasts from observations. Here, we further extend this trend-aware forecast postprocessing methodology to carefully treat the trend uncertainty associated with the sampling variability due to limited data records. This new methodology is validated on forecasting seasonal averages of daily maximum and minimum temperatures for Australia based on the SEAS5 climate model of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The resulting postprocessed forecasts are shown to have proper trends embedded, leading to greater accuracy in regions with significant trends. The application of this new forecast postprocessing is expected to boost user confidence in seasonal climate forecasts.
Rapid Ag Nanofiber Formation Via Pt Nanoparticle-Assisted H2-Free Reduction of Ag+-Containing Polymers
Authors: Zhao Xu , Kawamura Yukiko , Muraoka Mikio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOne-dimensional Ag nanostructure-based networks have garnered significant attention as next-generation transparent conductive materials. Ag nanofibers (NFs) with high aspect ratios decrease the number density required for percolation; hence, they form qualitatively superior transparent conductive films. This study reports a novel method for rapidly fabricating Ag NFs via Pt nanoparticle-assisted H2-free reduction of solid-state AgNO3. Our results first indicated that polymers can be a source of hydrogen gas in the presence of Pt nanoparticles; Ag NFs with aspect ratios above 105 were obtained herein by heating AgNO3-containing polymer NFs in a short period of time and in an open-air environment. Our method not only successfully reduced the amount of polymer residue often encountered in spun NFs but also created an effective self-supporting reduction system that does not require an external reducing gas supply. The obtained Ag NF networks were highly conductive and transparent. Moreover, the mechanism of Ag NF formation was investigated. We demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits a high potential for producing high yields of Ag NFs in a simple and rapid manner.