bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic performance of SrFe12O19–Zn0.2Fe2.8O4 hybrid magnets prepared by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Jenuš P , Učakar A , Repše S , Sangregorio C , Petrecca M , Albino M , Cabassi R , de Julián Fernández C , Belec B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the last few years, significant effort has again been devoted to ferrite-based permanent magnet research due to the so-called rare-earth crisis. In particular, a quest to enhance ferrites maximum energy product, BH
max, is underway. Here, the influence of composition and sintering conditions on the microstructure and consequently magnetic properties of strontium ferrite-based hybrid composites was investigated. The powder mixtures consisted of hydrothermally synthesised Sr-ferrite with hexagonally shaped platelets with a diameter of 1 μm and thickness up to 90 nm, and a soft magnetic phase in various ratios. Powders were sintered using a spark plasma sintering furnace. The crystal structure, composition and microstructure of the starting powders and hybrid magnets were examined. Their magnetic properties were evaluated by vibrating sample magnetometer, permeameter and by single-point-detection measurements.
Graphene deposited liquid crystal and thermal sensitivity using photonic crystals
Authors: Elsayed Hussein A , Sayed Fatma A , Aly Arafa H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this work, we present a simple design to act as a temperature sensor based on the well-known one dimensional photonic crystal. The main idea of the proposed sensor is essentially depending on the inclusion a defect layer of graphene monolayers deposited on nematic liquid crystal through the photonic crystal. The transfers matrix method, Kubo-Formula, and fitting experimental data represent the core axes of our theoretical treatment. Here, our design is prepared to sense temperature based on the shift of the resonant peak with the temperature variation. The performance of such sensor is demonstrated by calculating the sensitivity, figure of merit, detection limit, sensor resolution and the quality factor. The effect of the thickness of the defect layer and the mode of polarization as well on the performance of our sensor is investigated. The numerical results show that our sensor could be of interest in many fields of application due to the high values of its sensitivity and quality factor. The proposed sensor could provide a sensitivity of 4 nm °C−1 and quality factor up to 11000.
Radiative swirl motion of hydromagnetic Casson nanofluid flow over rotary cylinder using Joule dissipation impact
Authors: Khan Arshad , Saeed Anwar , Gul Taza , Mukhtar Safyan , Ali Ishtiaq , Jawad Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this article, the heat transfer is examined in spinning flow of the Casson nanofluid. The spinning motion is produced with the help of stretching and rotating cylinder. In current work two cases, both for constant and variant axial temperature over the exterior of the spinning cylinder are studied. For controlling the rate of heat transfer, some heat effects such as heat generation/absorption, Joule heating and thermal radiations have been considered for flow system. For investigation the influence of thermophoretic force and Brownian motion exerted by Casson nanofluid, the famous Buongiorno model has been employed. The modeled equations have converted to dimensionless form using a set of similar variables. To improve the solution convergence of flow equations a compressed variable is also employed. As the main outcome of this work, it has observed that, with growing values of Reynolds number and magnetic parameter the flow characteristics reduce in all directions. A growth in temperature profile is also observed for constant wall temperature (CWT), while a reduction is noticed in temperature profile for prescribed surface temperature (PST). Moreover, the concentration of fluid reduces with growing values of Prandtl and Lewis numbers.
Spatio-temporal characterization of causal electrophysiological activity stimulated by single pulse focused ultrasound: an ex vivo study on hippocampal brain slices
Authors: Suarez-Castellanos Ivan M , Dossi Elena , Vion-Bailly Jérémy , Salette Léa , Chapelon Jean-Yves , Carpentier Alexandre , Huberfeld Gilles , N’Djin William Apoutou 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective. The brain operates via generation, transmission and integration of neuronal signals and most neurological disorders are related to perturbation of these processes. Neurostimulation by focused ultrasound (FUS) is a promising technology with potential to rival other clinically used techniques for the investigation of brain function and treatment of numerous neurological diseases. The purpose of this study was to characterize spatial and temporal aspects of causal electrophysiological signals directly stimulated by short, single pulses of FUS on ex vivo mouse hippocampal brain slices. Approach. Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are used to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of extracellular neuronal activities both at the single neuron and neural networks scales. Hence, MEAs provide an excellent platform for characterization of electrical activity generated, modulated and transmitted in response to FUS exposure. In this study, a novel mixed FUS/MEA platform was designed for the spatio-temporal description of the causal responses generated by single 1.78 MHz FUS pulses in ex vivo mouse hippocampal brain slices. Main results. Our results show that FUS pulses can generate local field potentials (LFPs), sustained by synchronized neuronal post-synaptic potentials, and reproducing network activities. LFPs induced by FUS stimulation were found to be repeatable to consecutive FUS pulses though exhibiting a wide range of amplitudes (50–600 μV), durations (20–200 ms), and response delays (10–60 ms). Moreover, LFPs were spread across the hippocampal slice following single FUS pulses thus demonstrating that FUS may be capable of stimulating different neural structures within the hippocampus. Significance. Current knowledge on neurostimulation by ultrasound describes neuronal activity generated by trains of repetitive ultrasound pulses. This novel study details the causal neural responses produced by single-pulse FUS neurostimulation while illustrating the distribution and propagation properties of this neural activity along major neural pathways of the hippocampus.
Carl Singer (1945-2013) – Life on a Plate: yeast genetics meetings and micromanipulators
Authors: Singer Harry , Cooper Terrance G 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Micromanipulators, more than any other instrument, opened the early doors to developing the powerful genetics of yeast that underlies much of the molecular work today. The ability to separate the spores of a tetrad and analyze their phenotypes generated the genetic maps and biology upon which subsequent cloning, sequencing, cutting edge molecular and cell biology depended. This work describes the development of those micromanipulators from garage to barn to factory and the developer of the sophisticated instruments we use today. For more than 30 years Carl Singer and his family were staunch and generous supporters of the International Conferences on Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology meetings both in Europe and America. Carl Singer's displays at meetings became a traditional fixture and engaged the appetites of many students and advanced researchers to employ a technique that many perceived as too complicated or difficult, but which he made simple and easy to learn. His experiences also document a sketch of the international yeast meetings, their venues and how they developed through the years.
ZIKA Virus Neutralizing Antibody Kinetics in Antenatally Exposed Infants
Authors: Espindola Otavio de Melo , Jaenisch Thomas , Nielsen-Saines Karin , Oliveira Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de , Pastorino Boris , Vasconcelos Zilton , Gabaglia Claudia Raja , Ribeiro Ieda Pereira , Cunha Denise Cotrim da , Pone Marcos Vinicius , Carvalho Liege Maria Abreu de , Pone Sheila Moura , Damasceno Luana , Zin Andrea Araujo , Bonaldo Myrna C , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes , Cherry James D , de Lamballerie Xavier , Brasil Patrícia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with severe congenital abnormalities and laboratory diagnosis of antenatal infection is difficult. Here we evaluated ZIKV neutralizing antibody (nAb) kinetics in infants born to mothers with PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection during pregnancy.

Methods
Neonates (n = 98) had serum specimens tested repeatedly for ZIKV nAb over the first 2 years of life using virus neutralization test (VNT). ZIKV neonatal infection was confirmed by RT-PCR in blood or urine and/or presence of ZIKV IgM antibodies, and results were correlated with infant clinical features.

Results
Postnatal laboratory evidence of ZIKV vertical transmission was obtained for 60.2% of children, while 32.7% exhibited clinical abnormalities. Congenital abnormalities were found in 37.3% of children with confirmed ZIKV infection and 31.0% of children without confirmed infection (P = .734). All but 1 child displayed a physiologic decline in ZIKV nAb, reflecting maternal antibody decay, despite an early ZIKV-IgM response in one-third of infants.

Conclusions
Infants with antenatal ZIKV exposure do not develop ZIKV nAb despite an early IgM response. Therefore, ZIKV VNT in children is not useful for diagnosis of congenital infection. In light of these findings, it remains to be determined if children infected in utero are potentially susceptible to reinfection.
Learning to perform in early modern art collections
Authors: Goldgar Anne 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This essay discusses the relationship of understandings of civility and performance to expected behaviour when visiting art collections in the first half of the seventeenth century. With the growth of art collecting as a fashion across Europe in the 1600s, it became increasingly necessary for visitors to collections to acquire a vocabulary and sense of standards concerning art in order to be able to converse effectively about objects within collections. The text examines the types of literature available to novices and the first principles considered important by different kinds of authors for this market. It looks in particular at the English situation in the first half of the seventeenth century, when there were few opportunities to examine and discuss art collections.
Damage-less observation of polymers by electron dose control in scanning electron microscope
Authors: Hashimoto Yoichiro , Shigeto Kunji , Komatsuzaki Ryo , Saito Tsutomu , Sekiguchi Takashi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Methodology for quantitative evaluation of electron radiation damage and calculation of tolerable electron dose was developed to achieve damage-less scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation of beam-sensitive polymer film. The radiation damage is typically evaluated with visual impressions of SEM images; however, this method may be unreliable because observer’s subjectivity may affect the results. Evaluation with quantitative value is crucial to improve reliability. In this study, the radiation damage was evaluated by using normalized correlative coefficient (RNCC) between an initial frame and latter frames of the multiple SEM images that were taken consecutively. Tolerable dose was obtained by defining a threshold point of RNCC where rapid reduction of RNCC started. A SEM image with less damage and acceptable signal-to-noise ratio was obtained by integrating the images from the initial frame to the tolerable frame.
The African Principles on the Law Applicable to International Commercial Contracts – a first drafting experiment
Authors: Neels Jan L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article contains the first draft of the envisaged African Principles on the Law Applicable to International Commercial Contracts. The drafting of various sets of African Principles of Commercial Private International Law is a project of the Research Centre for Private International Law at the University of Johannesburg. The future sets of principles, in the form of model laws, could be used by national legislators on the continent and African economic integration organisations, particularly the African Union, in, respectively, domestic legislation and regional or supranational laws of a soft or binding nature. The existence of a reliable transnational legal infrastructure in respect of international commercial law, including commercial private international law, is a prerequisite for investor confidence, inclusive economic growth, sustainable development, and the ultimate alleviation of poverty on the African continent. The proposed sets of African Principles may contribute to sustainable growth on a long-term basis. The regulation of private international law of contract is essential in the further development of the African Continental Free Trade Area, which was established in 2018. Academics and other interested parties are invited to provide comments on the draft below before the end of June 2021.
Comparison of SB2-Infliximab With Originator-Infliximab in the Measurement of Serum Concentrations: A Short Communication
Authors: Ward Mark G. , Rosella Ourania , Rosella Gennaro , Martin Catherine , Gibson Peter R. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The optimal use of infliximab depends on the measurement of trough levels with subsequent appropriate dose adjustment. With the introduction of biosimilars, it is important to demonstrate that the biosimilar behaves similarly in the assay used as the originator-infliximab, for which the assays were developed. In this study, the authors aimed to compare the concentrations of SB2-infliximab (Renflexis) with that of originator-infliximab (Remicade) when added to serum from healthy subjects and those with inflammatory bowel disease when measured by commonly used commercial assays.

Methods:
Sera from 2 healthy controls, 2 patients with ulcerative colitis (1 with quiescent disease and 1 with active disease), and 2 patients with Crohn disease (1 with quiescent disease and 1 with active disease) were spiked with SB2-infliximab or originator-infliximab at 0–20 mcg/mL. Concentrations were measured using 3 commonly used assay kits (Lisa-Tracker, Shikari Q-Inflix, Promonitor IFX) and one rapid test (Quantum Blue). The results were compared using Bland–Altman techniques.

Results:
Close agreement was observed between measured concentrations for all assays, irrespective of the origin of the serum. Limits of agreement varied between at worst −0.302 and 0.465 mcg/mL, with the mean difference between the molecules being at worst 0.04 mcg/mL (95% confidence intervals, −0.011 to 0.093).

Conclusions:
The originator and SB-2 biosimilar-infliximab behaved similarly in several currently used assays in their concentrations in biological fluids. Clinicians can be confident that therapeutic drug monitoring using platforms designed and developed for the originator-infliximab can be applied to SB-2-infliximab.
Acute postoperative endophthalmitis after resurgery following primary cataract surgery: 9 years experience from a tertiary eyecare center
Authors: Shekhar Madhu , Lamba Priyanka , Haripriya Aravind , Ravindran Sankarananthan , Palod Sapan , Mishra Chitaranjan , Sundar Balagiri , Sen Sagnik 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
To report the incidence, risk factors, and visual outcomes of acute postoperative endophthalmitis in patients undergoing resurgery after cataract surgery.

Setting:
Tertiary eye hospital in southern India.

Design:
Retrospective, clinical registry.

Methods:
Medical records of patients were retrospectively reviewed from January 2010 to December 2018. Incidence, risk factors, causative organisms, management, and outcomes were studied. Patients who underwent resurgery within 6 weeks of primary cataract surgery and developed endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of resurgery were included.

Results:
A total of 5705 patients (0.64%) underwent resurgery. Of 5705 resurgeries, 11 patients (0.19%) developed postoperative endophthalmitis. The incidence of endophthalmitis was higher in the eyes having a breach in the posterior capsule than the eyes with no breach in the posterior capsule (10/1277 [0.78%] vs 1/4428 [0.02%]). Among the 11 patients, secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was the most common indication for resurgery (9/11 [82%]) after which endophthalmitis occurred. Three (27.3%) of the 11 patients were culture-positive. Nine (82%) of 11 patients were managed with a vitreous tap along with intravitreal antibiotics and steroid injections. After treatment, 80% of the patients achieved a visual acuity of 6/18 or greater (logMAR 0.5, P value < .05). None of the eyes developed phthisis bulbi.

Conclusions:
Eyes having a breach in the posterior capsule requiring vitrectomy and taken for resurgery as secondary IOL implantation were having an increased risk for endophthalmitis. The posttreatment visual outcomes were favorable.
Contamination of multiuse eyedrop bottles by exhaled air from patients wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic: Schlieren imaging analysis
Authors: Garcia Giancarlo A. , Hines Jacob A. , Wang Evan W. , Davila Jose R. , Chiang Bryce , Choi Daniel Y. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
To determine whether mask-induced redirected exhaled air through the superior mask gap contacts multiuse eyedrop bottles during drop administration and the efficacy of interventions to reduce such exposure.

Setting:
Academic ophthalmology center.

Design:
Interventional analysis.

Methods:
Schlieren airflow imaging was taken of an examinee wearing frequently used face masks and enacting common clinical scenarios—with and without manual occlusion of the superior mask gap and/or neck extension—and maximum visible vertical breath plume height was quantified. Bottle height during eyedrop administration was measured for 4 ophthalmologists during instillation to 8 eyes of 4 subjects.

Results:
Breath plume height (mean ± SD 275.5 ± 16.3 mm) was significantly greater than mean bottle height (13.9 ± 4.7 mm; P < .01). Plume height was reduced with manual mask occlusion vs without (P < .01) and was also lower than mean bottle height with manual mask occlusion (P < .01) but not in the absence of occlusion (P < .01). Neck extension alone did not adequately redirect liberated breath to prevent contact with a bottle.

Conclusions:
Exhaled air liberated from commonly worn patient face masks was able to contact multiuse eyedrop bottles during eyedrop administration. These findings have important patient safety implications during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and with other respiratory pathogens because these multiuse bottles could potentially serve as vectors of disease. Occlusion of the superior mask gap significantly reduces breath contamination and should be strongly considered by eyecare providers during drop administration in eye clinics.
The genetic counselor's role in management of patients with dyslipidemia
Authors: Brown Emily E. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose of review
The role of genetic testing in diagnosis and management of dyslipidemias continues to grow. Consequently, it is increasingly important for patients to have access to clinicians who have expertise in medical genetics and the psychological implications related to this type of testing. Often a lipidologist has had limited training in this regard, and this review explores the role of the genetic counselor to fill this gap.

Recent findings
Genetic counselors are key members of the healthcare team, and their specialized training in medical genetics and counseling allows them to fill this professional knowledge gap within the lipid clinic.

Summary
With the continued emphasis on precision medicine, the utility of genetic testing for dyslipidemias will continue to grow. This will in turn increase the demand for provider expertise in medical genetics and counseling around these complex issues. Integrating a genetic counselor within the lipid clinic provides an ideal management scenario providing patients and families with access to not only medical information but also emotional support regarding their hereditary condition
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Hangting , Wu Jia , Ni Qiqi , Zhang Jun , Wang Yun , He Guijuan 
Published: January 2021

Background
The physical and psychological well-being of patients with breast cancer is an important global issue. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to equip patients with the skills to respond and adapt to difficult circumstances. However, the extent of the physical and psychological outcomes of this therapy in patients with breast cancer remains unclear.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to summarize available evidence and assess the efficacy of ACT on physiological and psychological outcomes in patients with breast cancer.

Methods
Published randomized controlled studies were identified in MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and CNKI from inception to December 2019 and Cochrane Library, AMED, and Clinical trials.gov from inception to September 2020. Methodological rigor was assessed by two reviewers using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions. Sufficient data were statistically pooled with review manager; otherwise, a narrative summary was used.

Results
Thirteen trials were included in the review. Methodological quality varied across the studies. Meta-analyses demonstrated that ACT had moderate to large effects on reducing anxiety, depression, and stress and improving hope. Sensitivity analyses reached results similar to those of the meta-analyses. However, the effects of ACT on the physiological symptoms, fear of cancer recurrence, and psychological flexibility of patients with breast cancer remain inconclusive.

Discussion
ACT has beneficial effects on the anxiety, depression, stress, and hope of patients with breast cancer. The evidence of ACT on physiological symptoms, fear of cancer recurrence, and psychological flexibility needs to be treated with caution. Further studies are needed and should consider different delivery forms and also explore the mechanisms of each component of ACT under different cultural contexts.