bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Elderly Patients With Surgically Treated Brain Metastases
Authors: Heimann Muriel , Schäfer Niklas , Bode Christian , Borger Valeri , Eichhorn Lars , Giordano Frank A. , Güresir Erdem , Jacobs Andreas H. , Ko Yon-Dschun , Landsberg Jennifer , Lehmann Felix , Radbruch Alexander , Schaub Christina , Schwab Katjana S. , Weller Johannes , Herrlinger Ulrich , Vatter Hartmut , Schuss Patrick , Schneider Matthias 
Published: July 2021

ObjectIn the light of an aging population and ongoing advances in cancer control, the optimal management in geriatric patients with brain metastases (BM) poses an increasing challenge, especially due to the scarce data available. We therefore analyzed our institutional data with regard to factors influencing overall survival (OS) in geriatric patients with BM.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2018, patients aged ≥ 65 years with surgically treated BM were included in this retrospective analysis. In search of preoperatively identifiable risk factors for poor OS, in addition to the underlying cancer, the preoperative frailty of patients was analyzed using the modified Frailty Index (mFI).ResultsA total of 180 geriatric patients with surgically treated BM were identified. Geriatric patients categorized as least-frail achieved a median OS of 18 months, whereas frailest patients achieved an OS of only 3 months (p&lt;0.0001). Multivariable cox regression analysis detected “multiple intracranial metastases” (p=0.001), “infratentorial localization” (p=0.011), “preoperative CRP &gt;5 mg/l” (p=0.01) and “frailest patients (mFI ≥ 0.27)” (p=0.002) as predictors for reduced OS in older patients undergoing surgical treatment for BM.ConclusionsIn this retrospective series, pre-operative frailty was associated with poor survival in elderly patients with BM requiring surgery. Our analyses warrant thorough counselling and support of affected elderly patients and their families.
LIT01-196, a Metabolically Stable Apelin-17 Analog, Normalizes Blood Pressure in Hypertensive DOCA-Salt Rats via a NO Synthase-dependent Mechanism
Authors: Flahault Adrien , Keck Mathilde , Girault-Sotias Pierre-Emmanuel , Esteoulle Lucie , De Mota Nadia , Bonnet Dominique , Llorens-Cortes Catherine 
Published: July 2021

Apelin is a neuro-vasoactive peptide that plays a major role in the control of cardiovascular functions and water balance, but has an in-vivo half-life in the minute range, limiting its therapeutic use. We previously developed LIT01-196, a systemically active metabolically stable apelin-17 analog, produced by chemical addition of a fluorocarbon chain to the N-terminal part of apelin-17. LIT01-196 behaves as a potent full agonist for the apelin receptor and has an in vivo half-life in the bloodstream of 28 min after intravenous (i.v.) and 156 min after subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations in conscious normotensive rats. We aimed to investigate the effects of LIT01-196 following systemic administrations on arterial blood pressure, heart rate, fluid balance and electrolytes in conscious normotensive and hypertensive deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt rats. Acute i.v. LIT01-196 administration, in increasing doses, dose-dependently decreases arterial blood pressure with ED50 values of 9.8 and 3.1 nmol/kg in normotensive and hypertensive rats, respectively. This effect occurs for both via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Moreover, acute s.c. LIT01-196 administration (90 nmol/kg) normalizes arterial blood pressure in conscious hypertensive DOCA-salt rats for more than 7 h. The LIT01-196-induced blood pressure decrease remains unchanged after 4 consecutive daily s.c. administrations of 90 nmol/kg, and does not induce any alteration of plasma sodium and potassium levels and kidney function as shown by the lack of change in plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Activating the apelin receptor with LIT01-196 may constitute a novel approach for the treatment of hypertension.
Shared Decision-Making and Role Preference Among Patients With Schizophrenia in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ismail Mohamad Ayob , Midin Marhani 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Shared decision-making (SDM) is recognized as a promising strategy for improving collaboration between clinicians and their patients in achieving recovery. In Malaysia, SDM among people with schizophrenia is still lacking both in practice and in research. This study aimed to determine the level of SDM and role preference and their associated factors among patients with schizophrenia in Malaysia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 86 outpatient attendees with schizophrenia at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The nine-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire and Control Preference Scale were used to assess perceived SDM experience and role preference, respectively. Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with SDM and role preference, respectively. Factors with a p &lt;0.25 from the simple regression analyses were controlled as the covariates in the multiple regression analyses.Results: The study respondents were predominantly female, single, and unemployed, with a mean age of 44 years. Only 35% of the participants reported having high SDM experiences, even though the majority (56%) preferred autonomous role preference. Among the participants who preferred autonomous roles, only 40% experienced high SDM. High SDM was found to be significantly associated with being younger (B = −0.33, 95% CI = −0.67 to −0.003) and being non-clozapine users (B = 19.90, 95% CI = 9.39–30.41), while autonomous role preference was significantly associated with a lower level of insight [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72–0.99] and being on oral antipsychotic drugs only (AOR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.10–7.82).Conclusion: The practice of SDM is still lacking in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia in Malaysia, even though many of them preferred to be involved in the decision-making pertaining to their treatment. This study indicates the need for clinicians to improve their patients' involvement in the treatment process. More research is needed on how SDM can be implemented in patients with schizophrenia, especially in Asian population settings.
Prevalence of Child Maltreatment in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease and Its Relationship With Psychological Well-Being, Health Behavior, and Current Cardiac Function
Authors: Proskynitopoulos Phileas J. , Heitland Ivo , Glahn Alexander , Bauersachs Johann , Westhoff-Bleck Mechthild , Kahl Kai G. 
Published: July 2021

Background: The prevalence of child maltreatment in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) has not been assessed so far. Child maltreatment is a major risk factor for unfavorable behavioral, mental, and physical health outcomes and has been associated with decreased quality of life. Given the increased survival time of ACHD, it is essential to assess factors that may worsen the quality of life and interact with classical cardiovascular risk factors and mental well-being.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 196 ACHD (mean age 35.21 ± 11.24 y, 44,4% female, 55.6% male) completed a thorough psychiatric and cardiac evaluation. Child maltreatment was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and rates were compared to already existing data from the German general population. Further psychological measurements included the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and assessment of lifestyle factors (exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index). To identify a relationship between current cardiac function and child maltreatment, we used logistic regression.Results: ACHD reported significantly higher rates of emotional neglect and emotional abuse and sexual abuse and lower rates of physical neglect when compared to the general German population. In addition, total CTQ-scores, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse correlated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and negatively correlated with QoL. Furthermore, CTQ scores contributed significantly in predicting higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) scores (p = 0.009).Conclusion: Child maltreatment is more common in ACHD and associated with decreased quality of life and depression and anxiety. Furthermore, we found evidence that self-reported child maltreatment is associated with decreased cardiac function. Given the longer survival time of patients with ACHD, identifying factors that may negatively influence the disease course is essential. The negative consequences of child maltreatment may be the subject of psychosocial interventions that have demonstrated efficacy in treating posttraumatic stress disorders.
Multilayer Mirror Based High-Resolution Solar Soft X-Ray Spectrometer
Authors: Panini S. S. , Narendranath S. , Sreekumar P. , Sankarasubramanian K. 
Published: July 2021

Soft X-ray spectroscopy of the Sun is an important tool to understand the coronal dynamics and composition. The solar coronal X-ray spectrum below 1 keV is the least explored with high-resolution spectroscopy. Recent observations with Hinode XRT using coarse spectroscopy along with high-resolution imaging have shown that abundances in the coronae have variability associated with structures on the Sun. Disk averaged abundances with better spectral resolution spectrometers show time variability associated with flares. Both spatial and temporal variabilities seem to be related to changes in the magnetic field topology. Understanding such short term variabilities is necessary to model the underlying dynamics and mixing of material between different layers of the Sun. A Sensitive high-resolution spectrometer that covers the range in plasma temperatures and emission line complexes would uniquely reveal the entire evolution of flares. We are investigating a design of a multi-layer mirror-based X-ray spectrograph in the spectral range from 0.5 to 7 keV. The instrument operates in four asynchronous spectral channels operating one at a time. The multi-layer mirror placed at the focus of a Wolter type I telescope reflects a narrow band X-rays to the CCD which is placed at Nasmyth defocus. Converging X-rays from the front end optics helps to increase the spectral range of each channel while preserving the spectral resolution. This design is estimated to achieve a spectral resolution of 20 eV in the spectral range of 0.5–7 keV. With such high spectral resolution, we can resolve individual spectral features e.g., 6.7 keV Fe complex which can be used to diagnose high-temperature transient plasma during flares. The instrument design estimated performance and the science capabilities of this instrument will be discussed in detail in the paper.
Escherichia coli Alpha-Hemolysin HlyA Induces Host Cell Polarity Changes, Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction and Cell Detachment in Human Colon Carcinoma Caco-2 Cell Model via PTEN-Dependent Dysregulation of Cell Junctions
Authors: Schulz Emanuel , Schumann Michael , Schneemann Martina , Dony Violaine , Fromm Anja , Nagel Oliver , Schulzke Jörg-Dieter , Bücker Roland 
Published: July 2021

Escherichia coli (E. coli) of the B2 phylotype reside in human and animal intestines. The bacteria possess pathogenicity factors such as α-hemolysin (HlyA) that can induce intestinal epithelial leaks. We addressed the questions which host cell processes were dysregulated by E. coli HlyA that can potentiate intestinal diseases. The colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2 was infected by HlyA+ E. coli. Cell polarity regulation was analyzed by live cell imaging for the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) abundance. In Caco-2 monolayers, transepithelial electrical resistance was measured for characterization of barrier function. Cell proliferation and separation were assessed microscopically. Epithelial regulation and cell signaling were analyzed by RNA-Seq and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Our main findings from E. coli HlyA toxinogenicity in the colon carcinoma cell line are that (i) PIP2 at the membrane decrease, (ii) PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) inhibition leads to cell polarity changes, (iii) epithelial leakiness follows these polarity changes by disruption of cell junctions and (iv) epithelial cell detachment increases. HlyA affected pathways, e.g., the PTEN and metastasis signaling, were identified by RNA-Seq bioinformatics calculations in IPA. In conclusion, HlyA affects cell polarity, thereby inducing epithelial barrier dysfunction due to defective tight junctions and focal leak induction as an exemplary mechanism for leaky gut.
A new species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) from NE Scotland
Authors: Welch David 
Published: July 2021

A distinctive bramble, whose identity has puzzled experts, is described as a new microspecies, Rubus longiflorus D. Welch. It is characterised by large showy white flowers, deeply grooved, glabrous, few-prickled stems, and leaves that have grey-felted undersides. It is considered intermediate between the Discolores series and Corylifolian section of brambles, and is tentatively assigned to the Rhamnifolii series. The new taxon occurs along an 80 km stretch of coastal lowlands in the Kincardineshire and Angus vice-counties.
Distinguishing between Epipactis leptochila (Narrow-lipped Helleborine), Epipactis helleborine (Broad-leaved Helleborine) and their putative hybrid, Epipactis x stephensonii at the Warburg reserve, Oxfordshire
Authors: Swainbank Terry , Boseley Keith 
Published: July 2021

A drought in May 2020 curtailed snail damage to a population of Epipactis leptochila (Godfrey) Godfrey (Narrow-lipped Helleborine) such that in July there were 33 flowering plants in an area well known for this species at the Warburg nature reserve in Oxfordshire (v.c.23). Despite growing in a heavily-shaded area under beech, the typical habitat of E. leptochila, some of these plants were actually E. helleborine L. (Crantz) (Broad-leaved Helleborine) based on recognized distinguishing characteristics. We took morphological measurements (19 floral characters and 10 vegetative characters) for all the flowering plants present and were able to confirm by statistical analysis our initial species identifications. We were able also to discriminate between the species reasonably accurately using leaf characters alone, such as leaf colour, leaf length to width ratios and the angle of turn of the bottom three leaves. Using the outcomes from this analysis we were able to make predictions about the identity of most of the 82 non-flowering plants present. There were 4 plants that defied clear initial allocation to one or the other species and were suspected to be the hybrid E. x stephensonii Godfrey. Statistical analysis confirmed that these plants were indeed distinguishable from either parent, and most characters were intermediate to some degree between the two. The morphology of these putative hybrids is described pending molecular confirmation of their identity.
Certain Investigation of Real power flow control of Artificial Neural Network based Matrix converter-Unified Power Flow Controller in IEEE 14 Bus system
Authors: C Boopalan , V. Saravanan 
Published: July 2021

The power consumption is rapid increased due to ASD (Adjustable Speed Drives) and automation in industries and large consumption of electricity in domestic regions increased the concern of the power quality. The quality of the power received in the Distribution system is altered because of the losses in the transmission system. The losses in the transmission system is mitigated using the FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System)controller among these controllers UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller) plays a vital role in controlling the shunt and series reactive powers in the bus of the power system. The conventional topology of the UPFC consists of AC-DC converter and energy stored in the DC link and DC-AC converter injected a voltage in series to the bus which as to be controlled. Whereas a new topology based on matrix converter can replace the dual converters and perform the required task. The construction of 2-bus, 7-bus and IEEE-14-bus power system is designed and modeled. MC-UPFC (Matrix Converter Based Unified Power Flow Controller) is designed and constructed. The MC-UPFC is the rich topology in the FACTS which is capable of controlling both the transmission parameters simultaneously with the switching technique of Direct power control by the smooth sliding control which gives less ripple in the injecting control parameters such as control voltage [Vc] and voltage angle [α]. By implementing MC-UPFC the real and reactive power can be controlled simultaneously and independently. The control techniques were designed based on the Proportional Integral derivative(PID) with sliding surface power control, FLC (Fuzzy Logic Controller) and ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and the performance of Vc and α of the controllers are investigated. Hence the sliding surface and relevant control switching state of the MC can be controlled by the FLC which gives the robust and autonomous decision making in the selection of the appropriate switching state for the effective real power control in the power system. The work has been carried out in the MATLAB Simulink simulator which gives the finest controlling features and simple design procedures and monitoring of the output.
Image based Plant leaf disease detection using Deep learning
Authors: S Poornam , A Francis Saviour Devaraj 
Published: July 2021

Agriculture is important for India. Every year growing variety of crops is at loss due to inefficiency in shipping, cultivation, pest infestation in crop and storage of government-subsidized crops. There is reduction in production of good crops in both quality and quantity due to Plants being affected by diseases. Hence it is important for early detection and identification of diseases in plants. The proposed methodology consists of collection of Plant leaf dataset, Image preprocessing, Image Augmentation and Neural network training. The dataset is collected from ImageNet for training phase. The CNN technique is used to differentiate the healthy leaf from disease affected leaf. In image preprocessing resizing the image is carried out to reduce the training phase time. Image augmentation is performed in training phase by applying various transformation function on Plant images. The Network is trained by Caffenet deep learning framework. CNN is trained with ReLu (Rectified Linear Unit). The convolution base of CNN generates features from image through the multiple convolution layers and pooling layers. The classifier part of CNN classifies the image based on the features extracted from the convolution base. The classification is performed through the fully connected layers. The performance is measured using 10-fold cross validation function. The final layer uses activation function like softmax to categorize the outputs.
Sentido de la vida y del sufrimiento.
Authors: Santa Cruz Vera Dalia Jaqueline , Bolívar Ramírez Marisol 
Published: July 2021

La vulnerabilidad de la condición humana expresada en el dolor, la enfermedad y la muerte ponen al hombre ante las preguntas del sentido de la vida y del sufrimiento.
El artículo centra su interés en la capacidad humana de dotar de significado todas las situaciones de la vida incluida la del sufrimiento inevitable. Además, propone algunos medios o sugerencias educativas para afrontar mejor estas situaciones límite de la existencia: descubrir la misión personal de vida; desarrollar las virtudes de la magnanimidad, la humildad y la fortaleza; vivir la vida como don y servicio. Se concluye que llenar la vida de sentido a través del amor y la virtud permite integrar más fácilmente el sufrimiento en la vida y transformarlo en ocasión de crecimiento humano y de madurez personal.
KINETIKA FOTODEGRADASI METHYLENE BLUE MENGGUNAKAN KOMPOSIT Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp TULANG IKAN KAKAP MERAH (Lutjanus sp.)
Authors: Pangajow Stoflly E. M. , Wuntu Audy , Sangi Meiske S. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kinetika fotodegradasi methylene blue (MB) menggunakan komposit Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp tulang ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus sp.). Serbuk tulang ikan yang dikalsinasi hingga 1000ºC dan direaksikan dengan AgNO3 dengan rasio mol 5:1 (Ag:HAp) dan dihasilkan komposit Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp. Larutan MB diinteraksikan dengan komposit dengan variasi waktu 5-180 menit dibawah radiasi cahaya tampak. Konsentrasi MB yang tersisa ditentukan ditentukan dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan model kinetika reaksi orde ke-1 dan ke-2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fotodegradasi MB oleh komposit Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp mengikuti model kinetika fotodegradasi orde ke-2. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to study the kinetics of methylene blue (MB) photodegradation using composite Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp bone fish of red snapper (Lutjanus sp.). Fish bone powder which was calcined to 1000ºC and reacted with AgNO3 with mole ratio of 5 : 1 (Ag: HAp) and produced Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp composite. MB solution was interacted with composites with variation of time 5-180 minutes under visible light radiation. The remaining MB concentrations determined were determined by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the data obtained were analyzed with first and second order reaction kinetics model. The results showed that MB photodegradation by Ag3PO4/Ag/HAp composites followed the 2nd order photodegradation kinetics model.
KANDUNGAN TOTAL FENOLIK DAN UJI TOKSISITAS DAUN MUHARANG BAWINE (Dendrophthoe falcate (Lf) Etinggsh) DENGAN METODE BLST (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)
Authors: . Merlin , Runtuwene Max , Kamu Vanda 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk,menentukan kandungan total fenolik, dan mengetahui tingkat toksisitas ekstrak muharang bawine (Dendrophthoefalcate (Lf) Etinggsh) dengan Metode BLST (Brine shrimp lethality test) dari beberapa pelarut.Uji toksisitas dengan menggunakan udang A. salina leach.Serbuk daun muharang bawine diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi bertingkat dengan menggunakan pelaut n-heksan, etil asetat dan metanol selama 3 x 24 jam sehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. Penentuankandungan total fenolik diukur dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu dan nilai LC50 dihitung dengan menggunakan SPSS 15.0.Kandungan total fenolik tertinggi terdapat pada hasil maserasi bertingkat ekstrak metanol, diikuti dengan hasil maserasi bertingkat ekstrak etil asetat dan hasil maserasi bertingkat ekstrak n-heksan. Hasil LC50 paling terbaik terdapat pada hasil maserasi bertingkat ekstrak metanol, kemudian diikuti dengan hasil maserasi bertingkat ekstrak etil asetat dan hasil maserasi bertingkat ekstrak n-heksan. ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the total phenolic content, and determine the toxicity level of muharang bawine extract (Dendrophthoe falcate (LF) Ettingsh) with the BLST (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method of several solvents. Toxicity test using A. salina Leach shrimp. Leaf Extract Muharang Bawine was extracted by multilevel maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol for 3 x 24 hours for thick extracts. Determination of total phenolic content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and LC50 valueswere calculated using SPSS 15.0. The highest total phenolic content was found in the results of maceration of methanol extract multilevel, followed by maceration results of multilevel ethyl acetate extract and maceration results of n-hexane extract. The best LC50 results were found in the results of maceration of methanol extract multilevel, then followed by maceration results of multilevel extract of ethyl acetate and maceration results of n-hexane extract.