bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Decision Support Systems and Computerized Provider Order Entry: Contributions from 2020
Authors: Borbolla Damian , Ficheur Grégoire ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Decision Support
Published: September 2021

Summary
Objectives: To summarize research contributions published in 2020 in the field of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) and computerized provider order entry (CPOE), and select the best papers for the Decision Support section of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook 2021.
Methods: Two bibliographic databases were searched for papers referring to clinical decision support systems. From search results, section editors established a list of candidate best papers, which were then peer-reviewed by seven external reviewers. The IMIA Yearbook editorial committee finally selected the best papers on the basis of all reviews including the section editors’ evaluation.
Results: A total of 1,919 articles were retrieved. 15 best paper candidates were selected, the reviews of which resulted in the selection of two best papers. One paper reports on the use of electronic health records to support a public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The second paper proposes a combination of CDSS and telemedicine as a technology-based intervention to improve the outcomes of depression as part of a cluster trial.
Conclusions: As shown by the number and the variety of works related to clinical decision support, research in the field is very active. This year's selection highlighted the application of CDSS to fight COVID-19 and a combined technology-based strategy to improve the treatment of depression.
Robotic Surgery for Complicated Diverticular Disease
Authors: Ali Fadwa , Raskin Elizabeth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDiverticular disease is common, and increasing in prevalence worldwide. The treatment for acute and chronic diverticular disease has a huge clinical and economic burden. Surgery is standard for complicated diverticulitis, and there are several benefits to using robotic surgery in these cases. Complicated diverticular disease can result in fistula, fibrosis, and deranged anatomy, which present technical challenges to the surgeon. Understanding and anticipating these anatomical challenges is key to successful surgery. While fears of conversion in complicated cases may stop surgeons from using traditional laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery is especially promising for enhancing dexterity, visualization, and facilitating completely minimally invasive surgery in these complicated cases. In this chapter, we review end-to-end technical strategies of robotic colorectal surgery for complicated diverticular disease, including cases with colovesicular, colovaginal, and colocutaneous fistulae.
Preoperative Diagnosis of Suprasellar Hemangioblastoma with Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tong Yi , Sirhan Denis , Cortes Maria 
Published: September 2021

Purpose Our case report presents the first case of suprasellar hemangioblastoma diagnosed preoperatively with dynamic computed tomography angiography (four-dimensional [4D] CTA) in a patient without Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. We illustrate the imaging characteristics of these exceedingly rare tumors and discuss the role of 4D CTA in confirming this diagnosis and guiding surgical management. Finally, we present a literature review of imaging findings, differential diagnosis, management, and prognosis.Case A 39-year-old woman known for diabetes mellitus type II and dyslipidemia presented with headache, bitemporal hemianopsia, and mild hyperprolactinemia. Initial diagnosis of suprasellar meningioma separate from pituitary gland was revised to definitive diagnosis of suprasellar hemangioblastoma after 4D CTA.Conclusion Suprasellar hemangioblastomas are extremely rare, often associated to VHL disease. They present as enhancing as suprasellar mass with prominent intra- and peritumoral vascular flow-voids on magnetic resonance imaging. 4D CTA confirms their vascular nature, demonstrates characteristic rapid shunting with feeding arteries, and enlarged draining veins, and is important in guiding surgical management.
Governance in the era of Blockchain technology in Qatar: a roadmap and a manual for Trade Finance
Authors: Ibrahim Imad Antoine , Truby Jon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNations worldwide have sought to capitalize on the benefits of distributed ledger technology (DLT) including Blockchain, but struggled to strike a balance between encouraging investment and innovation in the technology while addressing the challenges and uncertainties through regulation. Through its FinTech (Financial Technology) Strategy, Qatar has sought to embrace DLT, but its regulatory approach also remains cautious. Trade Finance is an ideal business process to be disrupted through the benefits of DLT and especially Blockchain technology, since its processes remain antiquated, inefficient and lack digitization. Blockchain as a form of DLT particularly offers the Trade Finance process not only more rapid, secure, cost-effective and efficient procedures, but importantly completely assures trust between importers and exporters and removes the requirement to place such trust in third-party intermediaries. Qatar can reap considerable economic benefits through the enhancement of its Trade Finance regulations enabling the adoption of such Blockchain technology. As such, the authors propose a roadmap and manual for the governance of the Trade Finance Blockchain ecosystem in Qatar. The authors propose multi-layered governance approach to the regulation of Blockchain in Qatar by (1) embracing international regulations and standards; (2) replicating foreign regional and national rules that are appropriate and innovative; and (3) applying sandbox regulations to Blockchain products and services.
The sex‐specific influence of FTO genotype on exercise intervention for weight loss in adult with obesity
Authors: Wang Weimin , Yang Ke , Wang Shujie , Zhang Jiani , Shi Yanyun , Zhang Huawei , Jin Danping , Gu Ruoxi , Zeng Qiang , Hua Qian 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe impact of exercise on weight loss varies significantly among individuals, and genes play a critical role. This study aims to explore whether the FTO gene variant (rs8050136) affects the influence of exercise on weight. The study initially recruited 240 Han Chinese adults with obesity, and 178 of them (101 men, 77 women, aged from 21 to 60) completed a 12‐week moderate aerobic exercise programme. The participants were genotyped and obesity‐related data were collected before and after the intervention. The intensity and the amount of exercise were precisely monitored. After the intervention, most obesity‐related parameters of the participants showed a significant decrease. For muscle and lean body mass, significant change was only observed in males (P < 0.001) but not females (P = 0.205, P = 0.200 respectively). Importantly, for weight and BMI loss, we observed a genotype‐by‐gender interaction (P = 0.041, P = 0.042 respectively, adjusted for age, exercise time and baseline value). In the further analysis, after stratified for gender, the exercise‐induced weight loss (P = 0.008), BMI loss (P = 0.010), muscle mass loss (P = 0.005) and lean body mass loss (P = 0.004) showed greater decrease in male subjects carrying at least one A allele compared to non‐carriers. In conclusion, our study suggests that in Han Chinese population with obesity, carrying “obese risk gene” FTO (rs8050136) does not lead to the resistance to weight management intervention. More importantly, in male subjects, carrying FTO risk allele would even lose more weight than non‐carriers after exercise intervention.Highlights
For Han Chinese adults with obesity, carrying “obese risk gene” FTO could still achieve weight loss through exercise.
Males carrying FTO risk allele would lose more weight than non‐carriers after a 12‐weeks exercise programme.
Prediction of isometric handgrip force from graded event-related desynchronization of the sensorimotor rhythm
Authors: Haddix Chase , Al-Bakri Amir F , Sunderam Sridhar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) show promise as a direct line of communication between the brain and the outside world that could benefit those with impaired motor function. But the commands available for BCI operation are often limited by the ability of the decoder to differentiate between the many distinct motor or cognitive tasks that can be visualized or attempted. Simple binary command signals (e.g. right hand at rest versus movement) are therefore used due to their ability to produce large observable differences in neural recordings. At the same time, frequent command switching can impose greater demands on the subject’s focus and takes time to learn. Here, we attempt to decode the degree of effort in a specific movement task to produce a graded and more flexible command signal. Approach. Fourteen healthy human subjects (nine male, five female) responded to visual cues by squeezing a hand dynamometer to different levels of predetermined force, guided by continuous visual feedback, while the electroencephalogram (EEG) and grip force were monitored. Movement-related EEG features were extracted and modeled to predict exerted force. Main results. We found that event-related desynchronization (ERD) of the 8–30 Hz mu-beta sensorimotor rhythm of the EEG is separable for different degrees of motor effort. Upon four-fold cross-validation, linear classifiers were found to predict grip force from an ERD vector with mean accuracies across subjects of 53% and 55% for the dominant and non-dominant hand, respectively. ERD amplitude increased with target force but appeared to pass through a trough that hinted at non-monotonic behavior. Significance. Our results suggest that modeling and interactive feedback based on the intended level of motor effort is feasible. The observed ERD trends suggest that different mechanisms may govern intermediate versus low and high degrees of motor effort. This may have utility in rehabilitative protocols for motor impairments.
Greening vs browning? Surface water cover mediates how tundra and boreal ecosystems respond to climate warming
Authors: Li Jing , Holmgren Milena , Xu Chi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Climate warming in northern high latitudes has progressed twice as fast as the global average, leading to prominent but puzzling changes in vegetation structure and functioning of tundra and boreal ecosystems. While some regions are becoming greener, others have lost or shifted vegetation condition as indicated by a browning signal. The mechanisms underlying this ‘greening or browning enigma’ remain poorly understood. Here we use multi-sourced time-series of satellite-derived vegetation indices to reveal that spectral greening is associated with reductions in surface water cover (i.e. fraction of surface water bodies), whereas spectral browning is linked to increases in surface water cover. These patterns are consistently observed from both 30 m resolution Landsat data and 250 m resolution MODIS data on the basis of grid cells sized of 1, 2 and 4 km. Our study provides, to our knowledge, the first biome-scale demonstration that interactions between vegetation condition and water cover change can explain the contrasting trajectories of ecosystem dynamics across the northern high latitudes in response to climate warming. These divergent trajectories we identified have major implications for ecosystem functioning, carbon sequestration and feedbacks to the climate system. Further unraveling the interaction between vegetation and surface water will be essential if we are to understand the fate of tundra and boreal biomes in a warming climate.
On the issue of using AutoCAD to assess flow rates (on the example of the Kama Reservoir)
Authors: Batmazova A A , Gaidukova E V , Vinokurov I O 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A method of visualization and further analysis of the flow rate field is proposed. The method is based on using capabilities of the AutoCAD software package, which is currently widely used in research in the geosciences, in particular in hydrological researches. As a result of the work done, the flow rate field on the straight sections of the Kama River could be visualized. Information from speed profiles located close to each other was used. The applied method, which consists in extruding isotachs, turned out to be time-consuming, but representative; it cannot yet be used for section lines located around the turn or remote from each other, and in areas with tributaries. The considered method is planned to be tested on the data of hydrochemical survey in order to analyse the distribution of impurities.
Modelling of future changes in the water regime of the Upper Kama River
Authors: Kalugin A S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Calculations of future changes in the water regime for the Kama reservoir basin were carried out based on the ECOMAG regional semi-distributed runoff formation model and data from an ensemble of four atmosphere-ocean general circulation models using the RCP2.6 and RCP6.0 scenarios. Estimates of changes in the runoff of the Upper Kama River are presented for the middle and end of the 21st century relative to the historical period 1986 – 2005. The downward trend in both annual and summer water inflow into the Kama reservoir will continue in the future, despite an increase in winter runoff. Moreover, the decrease in runoff will be more significant under the RCP6.0 scenario. Despite the increase in precipitation up to 10%, the decrease in the annual runoff of the Upper Kama River will be from 4% to 17% due to intense warming in the catchment area by 2–5°C, depending on the season of the year, the period of the 21st century and the RCP scenario.
Scientific basis of proposals for optimizing the operating mode of the Upper-Svir Reservoir
Authors: Yu Milyutina I , Sapozhnikova A A , Gorelits O V , Zemlyanov I V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study analyses long-term and seasonal changes in the water regime elements and water balance components of the Upper-Svir Reservoir, including inflow, runoff and fluctuations in water level of Lake Onego over the whole observation period. It is shown that currently there is an increase in the frequency and duration of high levels of Lake Onego. The impact of climate changes and HPP operation on lake level rise has been assessed. Science-based recommendations to optimize the operating mode of the Upper-Svir Reservoir, aimed to reduce the level of Lake Onego, have been developed.
The influence of regional climatic changes on the flood regime in European Russia in the 21st Century
Authors: Sidorova M V , Yasinsky N S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Possible changes in the average annual maximum snow reserves and flood runoff in European Russia (ER), on the basis of global climate modelling data was estimated. The data on precipitation and temperature from 5 AOGCMs (atmospheric and ocean general circulation models) of the CMIP5 project, based on the best reproduction of the current climate were used. The multidirectional changes in the maximum snow reserves and flood runoff are expected in ER, although there is a tendency in the southern territories towards a decrease in these characteristics; this intensifies near the end of the 21st Century and when using data from the ‘hard’ scenario of greenhouse gas emissions.
Hydrological regime of the urban Setun River
Authors: Sokolov D , Chalov S , Tereshina M , Erina O , Shinkareva G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
According to the results of 2019-2020 studies, we considered the features of hydrological, thermal, ice regime and water turbidity of the small urban Setun River, one of the largest right tributaries of the Moscow River, flowing in the western part of the city of Moscow. The specific discharge from the Setun watershed is 1.5-2 times and the turbidity is 3 times higher than in natural conditions in the upper Moscow River basin. Due to thermal pollution by wastewater, ice cover forms only in the upper reaches of the river during sustained frosts, and water temperature within the city is 1.5-2.5 degrees higher (up to 6 degrees in winter).
Decryption of snow cover on space images in spring period
Authors: Kalinin V G , Rybakova L O , Shaydulina A A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the results of snow cover interpreting on satellite images using various software tools on the example of individual basins in the catchment area of the Votkinsk Reservoir. Space images were decoded in ArcGIS and MultiSpec using the methods of interactive supervised classification with training and maximum similarity, and in the ScanEx Image Processor software- using NDSI and NDFSI indices. It was found that the use of the NDFSI index increases the accuracy of determining the areas occupied by snow for forested parts of the catchment by an average of 30%.
Methods for instrumental assessment of methane emission in reservoirs
Authors: Lomov V A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Reservoirs are a significant source of methane in the atmosphere. Different estimations of the total methane emission from reservoirs vary greatly. In order to more accurately estimation of the methane emission from reservoirs, it is necessary to investigate the spatiotemporal variability of CH4 fluxes. To study this variability, detailed instrumental measurements of methane fluxes over a long period are required. Such measurements have been carried out for 6 years at the Mozhaisk Reservoir. These measurements showed that the determining factor of the spatiotemporal methane fluxes variability is the meteorological situation and the water level regime. These factors form the stratification of the water column. The highest values of methane flux into the atmosphere are observed in the middle part of the reservoir. The temporal variation of the methane flux is characterized by a general pattern for all years when the measurements were carried out. The methane flux increases during the summer period and reaches the highest values before the beginning of the autumn mixing stage. Also, high flux values observed during periods of storm events that cause mixing of the water column.
Anomalous conditions of the inflow to reservoirs of the Volga-Kama cascade in the autumn-winter of 2019/2020
Authors: Gorelits O V , Ermakova G S , Kryjov V N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The peculiarities of the inflow regime to the reservoirs of the Volga-Kama cascade in the autumn-winter of 2019/20 are considered. Based on the analysis of long-term characteristics for the entire period of operation of the cascade, an assessment of the anomalous excess of inflow in October-March 2019/20 is given. The relationship between the autumn-winter inflow to the cascade and the autumn and winter circulation, particularly the phase of the wintertime Arctic oscillation on the background of a positive air temperature trend is shown.
Transformation of the flow of matter in valley reservoirs as a factor of improving their ecological condition
Authors: Goncharov A V , Varentsova N A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The results of perennial studies of the valley reservoirs of the Moskva River (Mozhaysk, Ruza and Ozerna reservoirs) have shown that the influx of river waters bringing nutrients leads to eutrophication of the upper parts of the reservoirs. However, as water moves, this matter is extracted by phytoplankton and zooplankton and undergoes sedimentation. The content of the suspended materials, iron, true colour of water near the dam are two times lower than in the upper reaches of the reservoirs; the concentration of mineral silicon and phosphorus decreases by nearly one-fourth, and that of organic matter, by 10-15%. As a result, in the near-dam zones of the water reservoirs biological productivity decreases: the biomass of phytoplankton and bacteria in water decreases by nearly 40%. Thus, transformation of the flow of matter along the length of the valley reservoirs results in essential improvement of the quality of water and reduction of the degree of eutrophication, which is especially important for the reservoirs which serve as sources of water supply for the city of Moscow.
Efficient land usage of watered quarries in the Ural mining industrial region
Authors: Konovalov V E , Pochechun V A , Semyachkov A I 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the problems arising from the impact of technogenic water on the components of the environment. Such waters are formed in the formation of mining facilities, as well as in the process of mining and processing of minerals. The authors provide a classification of watered open-pit mines, analyse the usage of land sites, formed on watered open-pit mines territories. The actions that allow improving efficiency of such land usage are suggested.
Assessment of long-term changes in the trophic status of two reservoirs
Authors: Razumovsky V L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The studies were carried out with the integrated monitoring of the Ivankovo and Rybinsk reservoirs. The work is devoted to the assessment of long-term changes in the trophic status of water bodies under the influence of natural and anthropogenic influence. The studies combined two traditional methods of analysis. A layer-by-layer study of diatom complexes in bottom sediments and the determination of the taxonomic composition of phytoplankton in reservoirs were carried out. The saprobity index (S) was calculated for diatom complexes from sediments. A comparison was made with similar calculations for the species structure of phytoplankton complexes. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of saprobization processes in reservoirs was confirmed.
Geomorphometric approach in geoecological assessment of groundwater in the territory of the Arkhangelsk region
Authors: Polyakova E V , Kutinov Yu G , Mineew A L , Chistova Z B 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is shown that the Terrain Ruggedness Index, calculated on the digital elevation model, predetermines the chemical composition of groundwater. The high ruggedness of the relief, the small stratum of the overlying bedrocks of Quaternary deposits, the absence of water barriers contribute to the desalination of groundwater due to the penetration of ultra-fresh atmospheric precipitation. The low ruggedness of the relief also causes a low intensity of water exchange and, as a consequence, a higher mineralization of groundwater.
Application of the rain gardens for surface runoff treatment in moderate climate
Authors: Shchukin I S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A technical solution for the use of rain gardens for treatment of surface runoff in a moderate climate is proposed. The experience of implementing a pilot rain garden for the treatment of surface runoff from the parking of the tenement building is described. Study results of the efficiency of surface runoff purification from suspended substances, petroleum products and some heavy metals in a pilot rain garden are presented. Recommendations for improving the quality of treated surface runoff are given. The directions of further research of rain gardens are outlined.