bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of strengthening exercise plus activities of daily living instructions in reducing pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sany Shabbir Ahmed , Shahriar MD Imam , Nyme Zannatun , Tanjim Taukir 
Published: November 2021

Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the most common causes of chronic low back pain (CLBP) with sciatica. The exercise intervention was found effective in improving CLBP, although a paucity of research evaluated the effectiveness of exercise intervention to alleviate CLBP due to LDH. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of back and hip strengthening exercises and activities of daily living instructions (ADLIs) to improve CLBP with sciatica due to LDH. Method: This assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients with CLBP with sciatica due to LDH. The patients were randomly allocated either in the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). Patients in IG received both back and hip strengthening exercises five days a week for six weeks. Patients in CG received pharmacological therapy for three weeks, followed by hot moist compression for another three weeks. Patients of both groups followed the ADLIs at the time of the intervention and at least three months after the intervention. Back pain intensity and perceived pain due to sciatica were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale and range of hip flexion during the Straight Leg Raising Test, respectively, at three weeks and six weeks of intervention, and three months after the intervention. Results: Back pain and sciatica improved significantly (p < 0.05) in both groups at the end of the intervention and follow-up, while the IG showed significantly better improvements (p < 0.05) at the end of the intervention. However, only ADLIs were not adequate to sustain the improvements after the intervention. Conclusion: The combination of back and hip strengthening exercises and ADLIs improves CLBP with sciatica due to LDH. Nevertheless, it is required to instruct patients to follow ADLIs and perform strengthening exercises regularly to maintain the improvements. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05021718.
Ribo-Seq and RNA-Seq of TMA46 (DFRP1) and GIR2 (DFRP2) knockout yeast strains
Authors: Egorov Artyom A. , Makeeva Desislava S. , Makarova Nadezhda E. , Bykov Dmitri A. , Hrytseniuk Yanislav S. , Mitkevich Olga V. , Urakov Valery N. , Alexandrov Alexander I. , Kulakovskiy Ivan V. , Dmitriev Sergey E. 
Published: November 2021

In eukaryotes, stalled and collided ribosomes are recognized by several conserved multicomponent systems, which either block protein synthesis in situ and resolve the collision locally, or trigger a general stress response. Yeast ribosome-binding GTPases RBG1 (DRG1 in mammals) and RBG2 (DRG2) form two distinct heterodimers with TMA46 (DFRP1) and GIR2 (DFRP2), respectively, both involved in mRNA translation. Accumulated evidence suggests that the dimers play partially redundant roles in elongation processivity and resolution of ribosome stalling and collision events, as well as in the regulation of GCN1-mediated signaling involved in ribosome-associated quality control (RQC). They also genetically interact with SLH1 (ASCC3) helicase, a key component of RQC trigger (RQT) complex disassembling collided ribosomes. Here, we present RNA-Seq and ribosome profiling (Ribo-Seq) data from S. cerevisiae strains with individual deletions of the TMA46 and GIR2 genes. Raw RNA-Seq and Ribo-Seq data as well as gene-level read counts are available in NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository under GEO accession GSE185458 and GSE185286.
The Novelty of Innovation: Competition, Disruption, and Antitrust Policy
Authors: Callander Steven , Matouschek Niko 
Published: November 2021

We develop a model to capture the novelty of innovation and explore what it means for the nature of market competition and quality of innovations. An innovator decides not only whether to innovate but how boldly to innovate, where the more novel is the innovation—the more different it is from what has come before—the more uncertain is the outcome. We show in this environment that a variant of the Arrow replacement effect holds in that new entrants pursue more innovative technologies than do incumbents. Despite this, we show that the new entrant is less likely to disrupt an incumbent than the incumbent is to disrupt itself, and less likely to fail in the market. We extend the model to allow the incumbent to acquire the entrant postinnovation and show that this reverses the Arrow effect. The prospect of acquisition makes innovation more profitable but simultaneously suppresses the novelty of innovation as the entrant seeks to maximize her value to the incumbent. This reversal suggests a positive role for a strict antitrust policy that spurs entrepreneurial firms to innovate boldly. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Ten tips for avoiding post-operative sensitivity with posterior composite restorations
Authors: Burke FJ Trevor , Mackenzie Louis , Sands Peter , Shortall Adrian CC 
Published: November 2021

Patients increasingly seek tooth-coloured restorations in their posterior dentition, and with the anticipated decline in the use of amalgam as a result of the Minamata Agreement, this will increase. However, the incidence of post-operative sensitivity has been variously assessed as being between 0% and 51%, therefore information on its avoidance is essential. This article reviews the reasons for such sensitivity by examining the potential materials' factors, plus clinical aspects, such as the configuration factor and bonding to tooth substance. CPD/Clinical Relevance: There is a significant incidence of post-operative sensitivity after placement of a posterior composite restoration, so information on how to avoid this may be of value.
Lung carcinoma presenting as bilateral metastases in the mandibular gingivae: a case report and literature review
Authors: Elsherif Nusaybah , Jeremic Predrag , Blackburn Tim 
Published: November 2021

This case report describes the rare presentation of lung carcinoma as bilateral masses affecting the mandibular gingivae. Although metastatic disease to the mouth is rare, accounting for only 1% of oral malignancies, it is essential to ensure that the presence of cancer is included in any differential diagnosis. CPD/Clinical Relevance: All oral abnormalities persisting for longer than 3 weeks should be referred urgently for specialist assessment and biopsy.
Efficient algorithm for tracking the single target applied to optical-phased-array LiDAR
Authors: Sun Yanling , Wang Chen , Wang Zihao , Liao Jiali 
Published: November 2021

A centroid dynamic programming track-before-detect algorithm is proposed, which is applied for tracking the moving target with an unknown speed. Using the inertialess scanning based on an optical phased array, the experimental tracking system is established, and the obtained maximum signal-to-noise ratio is 9.97 dB. Targets of different motion states can be accurately tracked with this algorithm. In addition, we innovated the original track-before-detect algorithm by adding the variable step, so that the target with large accelerations can be tracked accurately. The accuracy of our proposed algorithm is verified numerically and experimentally, which shows that our algorithm can be used to track the target trajectory effectively, and the error in extracting the target velocity is below 2%.
Reducing speckle in anterior segment optical coherence tomography images based on a convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Liansheng , Zhai Zuopan , Zhang Ting , Fan Licheng 
Published: November 2021

Speckle noise is ubiquitous in the optical coherence tomography (OCT) image of the anterior segment, which greatly affects the image quality and destroys the relevant structural information. In order to reduce the influence of speckle noise in OCT images, a denoising algorithm based on a convolutional neural network is proposed in this paper. Unlike traditional algorithms that directly obtain denoised images, the algorithm model proposed in this paper learns the speckle noise distribution through the constructed trainable OCT dataset and indirectly obtains the denoised result image. In order to verify the performance of the model, we compare the denoising results of the algorithm proposed in this paper with several state-of-the-art algorithms from three perspectives: qualitative evaluation from the subjective visual perspective, quantitative evaluation from objective parameter indicators, and running time. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a good denoising effect on different OCT images of the anterior segment and has good generalization ability. Besides, it retains the relevant details and texture information in the image, and it has strong edge preserving ability. The image of OCT speckle removal can be obtained within 0.4 s, which meets the time limit requirement of clinical application.
Balance of emission from THz sources in DC-biased and unbiased filaments in air
Authors: Shipilo D. E. , Nikolaeva I. A. , Pushkarev D. V. , Rizaev G. E. , Mokrousova D. V. , Koribut A. V. , Grudtsyn Ya. V. , Panov N. A. , Seleznev L. V. , Liu W. , Ionin A. A. , Kosareva O. G. 
Published: November 2021

At the frequencies from 0.1 to 1 THz, we measured the angular distributions of terahertz (THz) emission from DC-biased femtosecond filament. The external electric field (DC bias) was increased from 0 to 3.3 kV/cm and provided continuous transition from forward conical emission, corresponding to the unbiased single-color filament, to on-axis emission, corresponding to the DC-biased one. We decomposed the measured far-field THz distributions into the quadrupole and dipole contributions, the latter being increased with increasing biasing field. The superposition of quadrupole and dipole local sources was integrated numerically over the plasma channel length and fit to the experimentally obtained angular distributions. The transition from the conical to the on-axis emission occured at the external field of (3.2 ± 0.8) kV/cm in the range of frequencies studied.
Epidemiology of leptospirosis in Tanzania: A review of the current status, serogroup diversity and reservoirs
Authors: Motto Shabani Kiyabo , Shirima Gabriel Mkilema , de Clare Bronsvoort Barend Mark , Cook Elizabeth Anne Jessie 
Published: November 2021

Background
Tanzania is among the tropical countries of Sub-Saharan Africa with the environmental conditions favorable for transmission of Leptospira. Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease, and although there are several published reports from Tanzania, the epidemiology, genetic diversity of Leptospira and its host range are poorly understood.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive review of human and animal leptospirosis within the 26 regions of the Tanzanian mainland. Literature searches for the review were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar. We further manually identified studies from reference lists among retrieved studies from the preliminary search.

Results
We identified thirty-four studies describing leptospirosis in humans (n = 16), animals (n = 14) and in both (n = 4). The number of studies varied significantly across regions. Most of the studies were conducted in Morogoro (n = 16) followed by Kilimanjaro (n = 9) and Tanga (n = 5). There were a range of study designs with cross-sectional prevalence studies (n = 18), studies on leptospirosis in febrile patients (n = 13), a case control study in cattle (n = 1) and studies identifying novel serovars (n = 2). The most utilized diagnostic tool was the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) which detected antibodies to 17 Leptospira serogroups in humans and animals. The Leptospira serogroups with the most diverse hosts were Icterohaemorrhagiae (n = 11), Grippotyphosa (n = 10), Sejroe (n = 10), Pomona (n = 9) and Ballum (n = 8). The reported prevalence of Leptospira antibodies in humans ranged from 0.3–29.9% and risk factors were associated with occupational animal contact. Many potential reservoir hosts were identified with the most common being rodents and cattle.

Conclusion
Leptospirosis is prevalent in humans and animals in Tanzania, although there is regional and host variation in the reports. Many regions do not have information about the disease in either humans or their animal reservoirs. More studies are required to understand human leptospirosis determinants and the role of livestock in leptospirosis transmission to humans for the development of appropriate control strategies.
Obesity and the risk of developing chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults: Findings from an Australian longitudinal population survey, 2009–2017
Authors: Keramat Syed Afroz , Alam Khorshed , Rana Rezwanul Hasan , Chowdhury Rupok , Farjana Fariha , Hashmi Rubayyat , Gow Jeff , Biddle Stuart J. H. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Overweight and obesity impose a significant health burden in Australia, predominantly the middle-aged and older adults. Studies of the association between obesity and chronic diseases are primarily based on cross-sectional data, which is insufficient to deduce a temporal relationship. Using nationally representative panel data, this study aims to investigate whether obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, asthma, arthritis, and depression in Australian middle-aged and older adults.

Methods
Longitudinal data comprising three waves (waves 9, 13 and 17) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey were used in this study. This study fitted longitudinal random-effect logistic regression models to estimate the between-person differences in the association between obesity and chronic diseases.

Results
The findings indicated that obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of chronic diseases among Australian middle-aged and older adults. Obese adults (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥ 30) were at 12.76, 2.05, 1.97, 2.25, and 1.96, times of higher risks of having type 2 diabetes (OR: 12.76, CI 95%: 8.88–18.36), heart disease (OR: 2.05, CI 95%: 1.54–2.74), asthma (OR: 1.97, CI 95%: 1.49–2.62), arthritis (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.90–2.68) and depression (OR: 1.96, CI 95%: 1.56–2.48), respectively, compared with healthy weight counterparts. However, the study did not find any evidence of a statistically significant association between obesity and cancer. Besides, gender stratified regression results showed that obesity is associated with a higher likelihood of asthma (OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.84–3.80) among female adults, but not in the case of male adults.

Conclusion
Excessive weight is strongly associated with a higher incidence of chronic disease in Australian middle-aged and older adults. This finding has clear public health implications. Health promotion programs and strategies would be helpful to meet the challenge of excessive weight gain and thus contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases.
50 Years A Slave
Authors: Fonte Allain 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

The Philippines has been deploying migrant workers to more than 192 countries, with a rising number that exceeds up to a million workers every year. In 2009, the record of migrant workers’ remittances went up to 17.4 billion US dollars from 10.4 billion US dollars in 2005. Reports showed that remittances comprise a bigger portion of the Philippines’ gross domestic product, as it contributed 10.8% to the GDP in 2005, and 11.1% in 2009. After more than 50 years of deploying Filipino workers overseas, the Philippines should have improved with its labour policies and implementing them. Yet, reports on abuses of Filipino workers can still be read and heard.
This paper reviews the two most controversial cases where the Philippine government had failed to protect its migrant workers by analysing its then labour policies; and how they have impacted the labour and migration sectors to ensure the welfare of its migrant workers. Further, this research discusses reoccurring issues such as delayed services from government agencies, lack of administrative skills to process complaints and cases of Filipino migrant workers, poor communication and coordination among government offices, labour policies that do not abide by the constitution, and the unfair provisions in the treaties between Philippines and destination countries for low-skilled workers.

Keywords labour migration, migration, migrant workers, labour policies
Transverse Kähler holonomy in Sasaki Geometry andS-Stability
Authors: Boyer Charles P. , Huang Hongnian , Tønnesen-Friedman Christina W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe study the transverse Kähler holonomy groups on Sasaki manifolds (M,S) and their stability properties under transverse holomorphic deformations of the characteristic foliation by the Reeb vector field. In particular, we prove that when the first Betti numberb1(M) and the basic Hodge numberh0,2B(S) vanish, thenSis stable under deformations of the transverse Kähler flow. In addition we show that an irreducible transverse hyperkähler Sasakian structure isS-unstable, whereas, an irreducible transverse Calabi-Yau Sasakian structure isS-stable when dimM≥ 7. Finally, we prove that the standard Sasaki join operation (transverse holonomyU(n1) ×U(n2)) as well as the fiber join operation preserveS-stability.
Glioblastoma gene network reconstruction and ontology analysis by online bioinformatics tools
Authors: Gubanova Natalya V. , Orlova Nina G. , Dergilev Arthur I. , Oparina Nina Y. , Orlov Yuriy L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of brain tumors resistant to a number of antitumor drugs. The problem of therapy and drug treatment course is complicated by extremely high heterogeneity in the benign cell populations, the random arrangement of tumor cells, and polymorphism of their nuclei. The pathogenesis of gliomas needs to be studied using modern cellular technologies, genome- and transcriptome-wide technologies of high-throughput sequencing, analysis of gene expression on microarrays, and methods of modern bioinformatics to find new therapy targets. Functional annotation of genes related to the disease could be retrieved based on genetic databases and cross-validated by integrating complementary experimental data. Gene network reconstruction for a set of genes (proteins) proved to be effective approach to study mechanisms underlying disease progression. We used online bioinformatics tools for annotation of gene list for glioma, reconstruction of gene network and comparative analysis of gene ontology categories. The available tools and the databases for glioblastoma gene analysis are discussed together with the recent progress in this field.
Fast alignment of reads to a variation graph with application to SNP detection
Authors: Monsu Maurilio , Comin Matteo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sequencing technologies has provided the basis of most modern genome sequencing studies due to its high base-level accuracy and relatively low cost. One of the most demanding step is mapping reads to the human reference genome. The reliance on a single reference human genome could introduce substantial biases in downstream analyses. Pangenomic graph reference representations offer an attractive approach for storing genetic variations. Moreover, it is possible to include known variants in the reference in order to make read mapping, variant calling, and genotyping variant-aware. Only recently a framework for variation graphs, vg [Garrison E, Adam MN, Siren J, et al. Variation graph toolkit improves read mapping by representing genetic variation in the reference. Nat Biotechnol 2018;36:875–9], have improved variation-aware alignment and variant calling in general. The major bottleneck of vg is its high cost of reads mapping to a variation graph. In this paper we study the problem of SNP calling on a variation graph and we present a fast reads alignment tool, named VG SNP-Aware. VG SNP-Aware is able align reads exactly to a variation graph and detect SNPs based on these aligned reads. The results show that VG SNP-Aware can efficiently map reads to a variation graph with a speedup of 40× with respect to vg and similar accuracy on SNPs detection.
The Speech of Pagondas (Thuk. 4.92) and the Sources on the Battle of Delion
Authors: Tufano Salvatore 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThis paper concentrates on the literary sources of the battle of Delion (424 BCE) and reopens the debate on the relevance of Euripides’Supplicesfor the narrative of this event. Thucydides is read with a particular focus on the speech of Pagondas (4.92), which can be understood through the current reconstruction of the history of Boiotia in the latter half of the fifth century BCE. Finally, Diodorus (12.69–70) is considered as a useful source for a few pieces of information on the aftermath of the battle that have previously been disregarded.
Athletes, Citizenships and Hellenic Identity during the Imperial Period
Authors: Mouratidis Georgios E. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryDuring the Hellenistic and Imperial periods, Greek populations coexisted with several other cultures, which were very often more multitudinous. Those ‘Hellenes’, however, came together in big Panhellenic and smaller, local festivals to honour their gods and celebrate their common Hellenic culture. As a result, numerous new festivals and contests were founded (and older ones grew bigger or were even re-founded) after the third century BC, gradually forming a large festival network. Even though this festival network has repeatedly been at the centre of scholarly attention – and still is – the rhetoric of athletic inscriptions, i.e. how athletic Panhellenism is demonstrated and what it is prompted by still remains largely unexplored. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate how the accumulation of citizenships by athletes contributes to Panhellenic self-representation, by showing another way that this association with Hellenic culture was communicated and negotiated in the public discourse. The portrayal of citizenships by an array of ethnic names along with the name of the honoree, presented the athlete as a larger-than-city figure and an essential part of that Hellenic community. One of the other aims of this paper is to suggest two factors in the development of these conventions of athletic representation, whose significance has not been understood in full: the athletic synod and the formation ofPanhellenion. It is a central tenet of this paper that the study of citizenship in athletic inscriptions cannot only help us reveal more ways that Hellenicity was projected, but also better understand how all these different textual images helped shape views about what Hellas was.