bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of groundwater flow on the evolution of a thermokarst lake in the permafrost–dominated region on the Qinghai–Tibet plateau
Authors: Li Jinlong , Wang Wei , Ke Xianmin , Li Jianhua , Yu Yating , Gao Zeyong , Niu Fujun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs a result of global warming induced permafrost degradation in recent decades, thermokarst lakes in the Qinghai–Tibet plateau (QTP) have been regulating local hydrological and ecological processes. Simulations with coupled moisture–heat numerical models in the Beiluhe basin (located in the hinterland of permafrost regions on the QTP) have provided insights into the interaction between groundwater flow and the freeze–thaw process. A total of 30 modified SUTRA scenarios were established to examine the effects of hydrodynamic forces, permeability, and climate on thermokarst lakes. The results indicate that the hydrodynamic condition variables regulate the permafrost degradation around the lakes. In case groundwater recharges to the lake, a low–temperature groundwater flow stimulates the expansion of the surrounding thawing regions through thermal convection. The thawing rate of the permafrost underlying the lake intensifies when groundwater is discharged from the lake. Under different permeability conditions, spatiotemporal variations in the active layer thickness significantly influence the occurrence of an open talik at the lake bottom. A warmer and wetter climate will inevitably lead to a sharp decrease in the upper limit of the surrounding permafrost, with a continual decrease in the duration of open talik events. Overall, our results underscore that comprehensive consideration of the relevant hydrologic processes is critical for improving the understanding of environmental and ecological changes in cold environments.
Hybrid time‐reassigned multisynchrosqueezing transform‐Picard‐based automated electroencephalography artifact correction methodology for brain–computer interface applications
Authors: Dovedi Tanvi , Upadhyay Rahul , Kumar Vinay 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe electroencephalographic activity is often contaminated with non‐cerebral origins resulting in erroneous classification in brain–computer interface (BCI) applications. In the present work, a novel automated Electroencephalogram artifact correction methodology is proposed. Preconditional independent component analysis (ICA) is utilized for de‐mixing the electroencephalographic activity into original components. The sparse entropy‐based thresholding criterion is developed to automatically identify the artifactual components and the time‐reassigned multisynchrosqueezing transform coefficients are estimated. The transform coefficients are processed to retain leaked cerebral activity into artifactual components. Finally, inverse transformation and inverse ICA are performed to attain artifact‐free electroencephalographic activity. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is validated on simulated and real electroencephalographic activity. The results illustrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology on both simulated and real electroencephalography activities in retaining useful cerebral information and rejecting artifactual origins, with a potential to be used in various BCI applications.
Rat peri‐implant soft tissue specifically expressedCXCL2on titanium implant during wound healing
Authors: Asami Yosuke , Sasaki Hodaka , Harada Atsuro , Hanazawa Kiyotoshi , Kobayashi Takafumi , Mori Gentaro , Yajima Yasutomo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMany of genes specifically expressed in peri‐implant soft tissue (PIST) selected by microarray analysis are involved in the inflammatory response. This study investigated the gene expression and localization of PIST‐specific inflammatory markers in PIST during wound healing. Pure titanium implants were implanted into the rat upper mandibular socket to create PIST. Samples were harvested from PIST as an experimental group, and tooth extracted area of oral mucosa tissue (OMT) and healthy periodontal tissue (PT) as control groups. The gene expressions of four standard inflammatory markers and nine PIST‐specific inflammatory markers including chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) during wound healing were examined. Immunoreactions of CXCL2 and immune cells in PIST and control tissues were compared. During wound healing, gene expression of PIST‐specific inflammatory markers was higher in PIST than in OMT (p < .05), but there were no significant differences in the expression of standard inflammatory markers. The molecule CXCL2 was expressed locally at the implant‐connective tissue interface, and localization of immune cells closely matched the CXCL2 expression pattern. In PIST, seven of PIST‐specific inflammatory markers were expressed specifically and strongly during wound healing and their expression was maintained until the end of healing. Furthermore, CXCL2 expression was due to the creation of the implant‐connective tissue interface, and it established a unique defense mechanism in PIST that was not apparent in OMT or PT.
A hydrophobic antifouling surface coating on bioprosthetic heart valves for enhanced antithrombogenicity
Authors: Li Meiling , Zheng Cheng , Zhang Shumang , Wu Binggang , Ding Kailei , Huang Xueyu , Lei Yang , Wang Yunbing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThrombosis is an important factor that causes the failure of artificial biological valves in addition to calcification and immune rejection. A hydrophobic antifouling surface can improve blood compatibility by reducing the absorption of protein. In this study, porcine pericardium was cross‐linked with glycidyl methacrylate, and carbon–carbon double bonds were introduced. Then, fluoride monomer was added so that the pericardial surface would become hydrophobic and antifouling. Fluoride modification changed the hydrophilicity of the pericardium surface, and the surface water contact angle increased from 84° to 143°. Compared with unmodified pericardium, the adsorption of bovine serum albumin and fibrinogen decreased by 93.1% and 85%, respectively, and the anti‐thrombogenicity was greatly enhanced.
Bacteriocins: Properties and potential use as antimicrobials
Authors: Darbandi Atieh , Asadi Arezoo , Mahdizade Ari Marzieh , Ohadi Elnaz , Talebi Malihe , Halaj Zadeh Masoume , Darb Emamie Amir , Ghanavati Roya , Kakanj Maryam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA variety of bacteriocins originate from lactic acid bacteria, which have recently been modified by scientists. Many strains of lactic acid bacteria related to food groups could produce bacteriocins or antibacterial proteins highly effective against foodborne pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Clostridium botulinum. A wide range of bacteria belonging primarily to the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus have been characterized with different health‐promoting attributes. Extensive studies and in‐depth understanding of these antimicrobials mechanisms of action could enable scientists to determine their production in specific probiotic lactic acid bacteria, as they are potentially crucial for the final preservation of functional foods or for medicinal applications. In this review study, the structure, classification, mode of operation, safety, and antibacterial properties of bacteriocins as well as their effect on foodborne pathogens and antibiotic‐resistant bacteria were extensively studied.
High prevalence of thyroid hormone autoantibody and low rate of thyroid hormone detection interference
Authors: Ni Jiajia , Long Yu , Zhang Li , Yang Qingqing , Kou Chunjia , Li Shuqi , Li Jingyi , Zhang Haiqing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThyroid hormone autoantibody (THAb) is a common antibody in autoimmune disease and can interfere with the detection of thyroid hormone (TH). There was no research reporting the prevalence of THAb in Chinese and the rate of THAb interfering with TH detection.MethodsWe collected 114 patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 57 cases; Graves’ disease, 57 cases), 106 patients with nonthyroid autoimmune diseases (NTAID), and 120 healthy subjects. According to the presence or absence of thyroid antibodies, patients with NTAID were divided into two groups: NTAID‐AITD and NTAID groups. Radioimmunoprecipitation technique was used to detect THAb in all subjects. TH was detected on Abbot and Roche platforms in patients with positive THAb.ResultsThe prevalence of THAb was 22.8% in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 45.6% in Graves’ disease. The prevalence of THAb in AITD group was lower than that in NTAID or NTAID‐AITD groups (34.2% vs. 61.5%, p = 0.014; 34.2% vs. 71.3%, p < 0.01). Among total 98 patients with positive THAb, TH levels of 9 patients were falsely elevated (9.18%).ConclusionThe prevalence of THAb in AITD patients was lower than that in NTAID patients. Although THAb had a high frequency in various autoimmune diseases, the prevalence of THAb interfering with TH detection was only 9.18%.
Blue is not enough: biological activities of C‐phycocyanin extracts from Anabaena cylindrica
Authors: Macário Inês PE , Veloso Telma , Fernandes Andreia PM , Martins Margarida , Dias Tânia R , Oliveira Helena , Gonçalves Fernando JM , Ventura Sónia PM , Pereira Joana L 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural products are currently in the spotlight due to the increasing awareness of consumers. Among these products is phycocyanin (C‐PC), a blue colorant that can be extracted from cyanobacteria – a poorly explored feedstock – and applied in several fields, due to its argued health benefits. Arthropira (previously called Spirulina) is the major source of C‐PC nowadays, but within the scope of pursuing alternative sources, the cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica was used in the present study to extract this colorant.RESULTSThe biological activities of two types of extracts (raw and purified, both in fresh and in lyophilized forms) were analysed. The raw extracts produce better results than their pure counterparts by presenting a higher antioxidant activity and better biocompatibility and antitumor activity. However, when compared to literature records, C‐PC extracts from A. cylindrica produced less impressive results. This leads to a new hypothesis and a simple comparison between the antioxidant activities of C‐PC extracts from different biomass sources. These second‐stage results showed that different cyanobacteria species produced different C‐PC extracts with different antioxidant profiles; these results highlight that, even when the extracts are blue, they may present differential compositions and, therefore, different biological activities.CONCLUSIONThis study proves that the direct link often made between biological activities and C‐PC can be speculative, and thus, should be avoided. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Hydrogen storage kinetics and thermodynamics of Mg‐based alloys by rare earth doping and Ni substitution
Authors: Bu Wengang , Liu Qinghai , Peng Wenlian , Dai Xiaodong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe traditional means of hydrogen storage cannot meet the widespread application of hydrogen energy. Therefore, developing new and efficient hydrogen storage materials and safe hydrogen storage technology is a top priority, which can effectively solve the problem of hydrogen storage and delivery. Its development and application are of great significance to environmental protection and energy development.RESULTSPr5Mg95−xNix (x = 5, 10, 15) were prepared by induction furnace melting, and the effect of Ni content on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the alloys were systematically investigated. The phase composition, microstructure and storage properties of gaseous hydrogen were investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the change in Ni content significantly improves the kinetic properties of the alloys in terms of adsorption and desorption. However, it has little effect on the thermodynamic properties of the alloys.CONCLUSIONThe lattice of the alloys expands after hydrogenation and shrinks after the release of hydrogen. The change of lattice stress leads to cracking or even fracture of alloy particles and, the higher the nickel content, the more cracks there are. Thus, the specific surface area of the alloys is increased and the contact area with hydrogen is expanded, promoting hydrogen diffusion within the material and improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate. Furthermore, as the Ni content increases, the dehydrogenation activation energy of the alloys decreases significantly, which is the main reason for the improved dehydrogenation kinetics of the alloys. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Even A‐cycles have the edge‐Erdős–Pósa property
Authors: Bruhn Henning 
Published: December 2021

AbstractI prove that even ‐cycles, cycles of even length that pass through at least one vertex of a prescribed set , have the edge‐Erdős–Pósa property. That is, for any graph and set , the size of an edge covering of even ‐cycles is bounded by a function in the maximal number of edge‐disjoint even ‐cycles.
Public screening for COVID‐19 in Wuhan, China and beware of the antibody positive in women and tumor patients
Authors: Shang Yufeng , Liang Yuxing , Liu Tao , Li Jingfeng , Zhou Fuling 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has become a global health emergency. Early detection and intervention are key factors for improving outcomes in patients with COVID‐19. Real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction‐based molecular assays and antibody for detecting SARS‐CoV‐2 in respiratory specimens are the current reference standard for COVID‐19 diagnosis. Clinical implications of different specimen types for nucleic acid and antibody testing of COVID‐19 in Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University were analyzed. Compared with health groups, tumor patients had higher rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) (+/−) immunoglobulin M (IgM) (+) immunoglobulin G (IgG) (+). The rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 (−) IgM (+) IgG (−) or SARS‐CoV‐2 (−) IgM (−) IgG (+) in female was significantly higher than that in male. These results can help governments to take screening measures to prevent the COVID‐19 pandemic again.
Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders
Authors: Marrero‐Cristobal Gigliola , Gelpi‐Dominguez Ursula , Morales‐Silva Roberto , Alvarado‐Torres John , Perez‐Torres Joshua , Perez‐Perez Yobet , Sepulveda‐Orengo Marian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDespite the prevalence and public health impact of substance use disorders (SUDs), effective long‐term treatments remain elusive. Aerobic exercise is a promising, nonpharmacological treatment currently under investigation as a strategy for preventing drug relapse. Aerobic exercise could be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment regimens for people with substance abuse disorders. Preclinical studies of SUD with animal models have shown that aerobic exercise diminishes drug‐seeking behavior, which leads to relapse, in both male and female rats. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the effects of substance abuse‐induced cellular and physiological adaptations believed to be responsible for drug‐seeking behavior. Accordingly, the overall goal of this review is to provide a summary and an assessment of findings to date, highlighting evidence of the molecular and neurological effects of exercise on adaptations associated with SUD.
Mechanism of winter precipitation variations in the southern arid Central Asia
Authors: Xie Tingting , Huang Wei , Feng Song , Wang Tao , Liu Yan , Chen Jianhui , Chen Fahu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe southern arid central Asia (SACA, 35.25°–45°N, 46.25°–80°E) is influenced by Mediterranean type of climate with wet cool season. This study analysed the variations of winter precipitation and their mechanisms during 1979–2017. The results suggest the variations of winter precipitation in SACA are influenced by two water vapour pathways, which are closely linked to a low‐latitude high‐pressure anomaly near Indian subcontinent and the mid‐high latitude North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), respectively. Specifically, at low latitudes, the northern Indian Ocean heated by El Niño causes the anomalous intensification of the subtropical high throughout the low latitude region, especially over the Indian subcontinent, resulting in increased water vapour transport from the northern Indian Ocean to SACA. This result of low latitude is also supported by model simulations. At middle and high latitudes, the negative NAO phase leads to a southward displacement of the water vapour pathway and carries water vapour to pass over number of upwind water bodies, resulting in the transport of more westerly‐associated water vapour to SACA. Further analysis showed that there is a northwest‐southeast teleconnection wave train, from the North Atlantic to Central Asia and to the Indian subcontinent, which allows wave fluxes originating in the North Atlantic and the northern Indian Ocean to propagate from high and low latitudes, respectively, to the study area. At the same time, high‐latitude cold air advection, brought by the low‐pressure system in Central Asia, converges with the flow of warm water vapour from the low‐latitude northern Indian Ocean, generating an ascending motion and reducing atmospheric static stability, and thereby lead to increasing precipitation in SACA. Therefore, the key to determining the origin of precipitation variations in SACA is understanding the interaction of large‐scale circulation systems at low and mid‐high latitudes.Key wordsarid Central Asia, precipitation, dynamic mechanism
The roles of locus of causality and buyer attribution in resolution of recurrent supplier‐induced disruptions
Authors: Wang Qiong , Cheng Li , Craighead Christopher W. , Li Julie Juan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile the literature tends to take a dichotomous view of supplier‐induced disruptions, we take a continuum perspective: a buyer perceives a disruption induced by the supplier to varying degrees (i.e., attributing varying levels of responsibility to the supplier), thus affecting the buyer's decisions in switching suppliers. By focusing on the recurrent disruptions, we argue that imputed buyers' attributions of responsibility are characterized by disruptions' recurrent nature and locus of causality—whether the disruptions were repeatedly triggered by recurrent events internal or external to the supplier. Furthermore, while previous studies have identified either buyers' attributions of disruptions or suppliers' justice approaches (to resolve disruptions) as independent factors driving buyers' decisions, we integrate attribution and justice theories and investigate their combined effect—how responsibility attributions affect buyers' switching intentions given suppliers' justice approaches. Using three vignette‐based studies of 705 purchasing managers (supplemented by three robustness check studies), we show that distributive justice attenuates the damaging impact of disruptions triggered by suppliers' internal incidents (internal locus) on buyers' switching intentions, whereas procedural and interactional justice are more instrumental in disruptions triggered by external events (external locus). We conclude by offering substantive guidance for suppliers regarding appropriate actions in preserving the relationship.
Rapid large‐scale preparation of polysaccharides from jackfruit peel waste by high‐speed countercurrent chromatography and their antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Jiang Zhiguo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolysaccharides with antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities were first isolated from jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) peel through the one‐step high‐speed countercurrent chromatography. The separation process was completed using the polymer two‐phase aqueous system constituted by PEG1000‐K2HPO4‐KH2PO4‐H2O (0.8:1.25:1.25:6.5, w/w). For every separation process, two main polysaccharides, namely, fraction‐1 and fraction‐2 (165 and 225 mg, respectively) were obtained from a 2.0 g crude sample. As suggested by high‐performance gel permeation chromatography, jackfruit peel polysaccharides had the mean molecular weight values of 113.3 and 174.3 kDa, separately. Physicochemical analysis suggested that two polysaccharides were dominant in galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, mannose, as well as fucose, which were highly esterified. Biological activity analysis showed that fraction‐1 exhibited stronger antioxidant activity in vitro and hypoglycemic activity in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice compared with fraction‐2. The results suggest that polysaccharide fraction‐1 may be developed as a potential functional food supplement.
Development of Fluorescently Labeled, Functional Type I Collagen Molecules
Authors: Siadat Seyed Mohammad , Silverman Alexandra A. , Susilo Monica E. , Paten Jeffrey A. , DiMarzio Charles A. , Ruberti Jeffrey W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile de novo collagen fibril formation is well‐studied, there are few investigations into the growth and remodeling of extant fibrils, where molecular collagen incorporation into and erosion from the fibril surface must delicately balance during fibril growth and remodeling. Observing molecule/fibril interactions is difficult, requiring the tracking of molecular dynamics while, at the same time, minimizing the effect of the observation on fibril structure and assembly. To address the observation‐interference problem, exogenous collagen molecules are tagged with small fluorophores and the fibrillogenesis kinetics of labeled collagen molecules as well as the structure and network morphology of assembled fibrils are examined. While excessive labeling significantly disturbs fibrillogenesis kinetics and network morphology of assembled fibrils, adding less than ≈1.2 labels per collagen molecule preserves these characteristics. Applications of the functional, labeled collagen probe are demonstrated in both cellular and acellular systems. The functional, labeled collagen associates strongly with native fibrils and when added to an in vitro model of corneal stromal development at low concentration, the labeled collagen is incorporated into a fine extracellular matrix (ECM) network associated with the cells within 24 h.
All‐Organic Superhydrophobic Coating Comprising Raspberry‐Like Particles and Fluorinated Polyurethane Prepared via Thiol‐Click Reaction
Authors: Fu Kang , Zhang Guoxian , Liu Yibin , Tan Jiaojun , Zhang Hepeng , Zhang Qiuyu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMechanically robust superhydrophobic coatings have been extensively reported using chemically susceptible inorganic fillers like slica, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide for constructing micro‐nano structures. Organic particles are good candidates for improving chemical resistance, whereas the synthesis of organic particles with well‐defined and stable micro‐nano structures remains exclusive. Here, an all‐organic, cross‐linked superhydrophobic coating comprising raspberry‐like fluorinated micro particles (RLFMP) and fluorinated polyurethane (FPU) is prepared via thiol‐click reaction. Benefiting from the robust micro‐nano structure of RLFMP and the excellent flexibility of FPU, the coating can maintain superhydrophobicity after severe alkali corrosion or mechanical damage, while the superhydrophobicity can be repaired readily by the fast recovery of micro‐nano roughness and migration of branched fluoroalkyl chains to the coating surface. This design strategy is expected to provide a good application of thiol‐click chemistry.