bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kesehatan Tenggorok pada Siswa di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Manado
Authors: Solossa Novita , Mengko Steward K. , Tamus Agustien Y. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Health problems such as throat disease can be caused by various factors either external or internal. This study was aimed to obtain a description of throat health status of students at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 (Public Elementary School) Manado. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross sectional design. There were a total of 25 male and female students. The results showed that 25 students (100%) had normal tonsil color; 24 students (96%) had normal tonsil surface and one student (4%) had pathological tonsil surface; 22 students (88%) had normal tonsil size and three students (12%) had pathological tonsil size. There were 25 students (100%) who had normal results on examination of pharynx both mucosa and the back wall of pharynx. In conclusion, most students of SDN 11 Manado had normal throat health status.Keywords: throat health status; elementary students Abstrak: Masalah kesehatan seperti penyakit tenggorok dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor baik eksternal maupun internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesehatan tenggorok siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah total keseluruhan subyek penelitian ialah 25 siswa. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 25 siswa (100%) dengan warna tonsil normal; 24 siswa (96%) dengan permukaan tonsil normal dan satu siswa (4%) dengan permukaan tonsil patologik; 22 siswa (88%) dengan ukuran tonsil normal dan 3 siswa (12%) lainnya dengan ukuran tonsil patologik. Sebanyak 25 siswa (100%) dengan hasil normal pada pemeriksaan faring baik mukosa maupun dinding belakang faring. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar siswa SDN 11 Manado memiliki gambaran kesehatan tenggorokan yang normal.Kata kunci: kesehatan tenggorok; siswa Sekolah Dasar
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH
Authors: Hidayatussakinah Hidayatussakinah , Marzuki Ismail , Ulfa Nurul Alia 
Published: June 2021

Kemamampuan berpikir kritis merupakan kemamapuan yang harus dimiliki oleh peserta didik, dalam memecahkan masalah dalam pembelajaran. Penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemamapuan peserta didik dalam berpikir kritis
Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif-eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitain nonequivalent pretest posttest control group design. Jumlah Populasi dalam penelitian adalah 262 orang yang tergabung dalam kelas VII SMP Negri Mataram. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 114 orang yang terbagi menjadi 4 (Empat) kelas, diambil dengan menggunakan teknik sampling purposive. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan berpiki kritis adalah tes essy. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Anakova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis dapat meningkat melalui penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah.
Reading Aloud as a Leading Activity With Preschool Students
Authors: Nambiar Pradita , Gade Sharada 
Published: June 2021

We examine a teacher’s read-aloud activity with her preschool students in India. Three vignettes show how this leading activity helps young children take part in socio-dramatic play, fostering their cultural-historical development. Collaborating as teacher and researcher, we consider students’ use of words, instances of object substitution, and exploration of social roles in the story being read aloud, to demonstrate the development of their higher psychological activity. Moreover, we contend that read-aloud activities in preschool are crucial for developing student learning during middle childhood.
Analisis Potensi Penerimaan Pajak dan Retribusi Daerah dari Sektor Pariwisata kota Semarang
Authors: Harsoyo Harsoyo 
Published: June 2021

Kota Semarang mempunyai potensi destinasi pariwisata yang cukup besar meliputi berbagai jenis yaitu wisata alam, budaya, sejarah/peninggalan bahkan destinasi wisata yang bernuansa modern. Obyek Wisata yang dikelola oleh Pemerintah Kota yaitu Kampung Wisata Taman Lele, Goa Kreo, Taman Margasatwa Mangkang dan Hutan Wisata Tinjomoyo. Kemajuan pariwisata di Kota Semarang ditunjukkan oleh semakin berkembangnya aspek-aspek pariwisata yang berimplikasi pada meningkatnya jumlah kunjungan, lama kunjungan dan semakin tingginya belanja para wisatawan di Kota Semarang. Akibat lebih dari kemajuan di sektor Pariwisata ini yang diharapkan adalah tingginya penyerapan tenaga kerja, meningkatnya pendapatan daerah dari sektor pariwisata serta meningkatnya kesejahteraaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan analisis dan perhitungan potensi penerimaan pajak dan retribusi daerah dari sektor pariwisata khususnya di kota Semarang pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada pendapatan daerah kota Semarang sektor pariwisata pada akhir tahun 2019. Selanjutnya akan dirumuskan suatu rekomendasi sebagai upaya peningkatan pendapatan daerah melalui sektor ini. Dan Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan Metode observasi serta wawancara. Fokus penelitian ini spesifik mengkaji terkait dengan sektor pariwisata yang meliputi potensi pajak hotel, potensi pajak restoran dan potensi pendapatan dari restribusi obyek wisata di Kota Semarang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui jika potensi pajak hotel sebesar Rp 72.295.451.633,00, dan pada tahun 2017 telah pendapatan telah mencapai 99,64% dari target potensi pajak yang ada. Potensi pendapatan dari restoran menghasilkan potensi pajak sebesar Rp 833.952.000.000,00, dengan realisasi tercapai sebesar 13,38% dari yang ditargetkan. Obyek wisata memberikan potensi retribusi sebesar Rp. 4.189.180.250,-. Jika dibandingkan antara realisasi kinerja pendapatan retribusi tempat rekreasi dengan potensi retribusi tempat rekreasi tercapai 94,47%. Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan daerah sektor pariwisata maka melalui sosialisasi secara berkesinambungan dan terus-menerus mengenai obyek pajak, meningkatkan pelayanan kepada wajib pajak, mengembangkan sistem reward dan punishment bagi wajib pajak yang taat pajak dan yang menunggak, mengembangkan sektor pariwisata melalui promosi maupun peningkatan kualitas pariwisata sehingga akan lebih banyak lagi wisatawan yang berkunjung.
Analisis Pengaruh Loyalitas dan Komitmen Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Suhardi Ahmad , Ismilasari Ismilasari , Jasman Jumawan 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh loyalitas dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan secara parcial maupun secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut diukur berdasarkan beberapa indikator. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil berdasarkan metode sensus yaitu seluruh populasi berjumlah 35 orang sekaligus dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian loyalitas dan komitmen organisasi secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Secara parsial loyalitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan sedangkan komitmen organisasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan
Pemetaan Pemasaran UMKM Kuliner Singkong di Kecamatan Cibadak, Banten Dengan Metode AHP
Authors: Handayani Tati , Pusporini Pusporini 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor eksternal dan internal dari Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) serta penentuan indikator unggulan usaha mikro kecil dan menengah kuliner singkong di Kecamatan Cibadak, Banten. Metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 5 responden yang unit usahannya kuliner singkong. Metode analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisis SWOT dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) serta menggunakan diagram grand strategy. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan adanya alternatif strategi diversifikasi konsentris, sedangkan indikator unggulan UMKM dari perhitungan Analytical Hierarchy Process, yaitu adanya peluang dengan cara pertama memperbanyak variasi produk bertujuan agar pelanggan lebih tertarik dan banyak pilihan, supaya pelanggan mereka tidak beralih kepada pesaing, adapun cara kedua dengan menaikkan harga produk jika pelanggan membeli secara eceran , cara ketiga menampung singkong dengan kapasitas yang cukup banyak dari petani saat panen raya singkong tiba beserta kelengkapannya, namun tetap konsisten menerapkan harga jual dan kualitas produk yang selama ini dimiliki toko dan mempromosikan variasi baru yang dimiliki kepada pelanggan dengan pemanfaatan media sosial yang dimiliki toko tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini dikemudian hari memberikan kontribusi pada peningkatan pendapatan serta penciptaan lapangan kerja yang paling penting untuk kelompok masyarakat di Kecamatan Cibadak yang berpenghasilan rendah.
Influence of vibration loads on the strength of sheet composite elements of ship structures
Authors: Корягин С.И. , Великанов Н.Л. , Шарков О.В. 
Published: June 2021

Использование листовых композитных элементов при ремонте судовых корпусных конструкций выдвигает как актуальную задачу определения влияния вибрационных нагрузок на прочностные характеристики конструкций с композитными элементами. Имеющиеся методики расчета металлических пластин под действием вибрационных нагрузок не могут быть применены для композитных элементов без дополнительных исследований. Разработаны установка и методика проведения экспериментальных исследований. Нагружения проводились циклами различной продолжительности. Представлены полученные зависимости предела прочности материала от числа циклов нагружения, При этом учитывалась ориентация исследуемых слоев относительно приложенной нагрузки. В процессе исследований установлено, что полимерные покрытия способны поглощать часть вибрационной нагрузки и изменять частоты собственных колебаний конструкции. Разработанная экспериментальная установка и методика испытаний позволяют опытным путем определить напряженно-деформированное состояние конструкции с композитными элементами.
The use of sheet composite elements in the repair of ship hull structures puts forward as an urgent task to determine the influence of vibration loads on the strength characteristics of structures with composite elements. The available methods for calculating metal plates under the influence of vibration loads cannot be applied to composite elements without additional research. The setup and methodology for conducting experimental studies have been developed. The loads were carried out in cycles of different duration. The obtained dependences of the ultimate strength of the material on the number of loading cycles are presented, taking into account the orientation of the studied layers relative to the applied load. In the course of research, it was found that polymer coatings are able to absorb part of the vibration load and change the natural vibration frequencies of the structure. The developed experimental setup and test procedure allow us to determine the stress-strain state of the structure with composite elements by experimental means.
Potret Kekristenan Pada Suku Dayak Pesaguan Di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Arisandie Tio Pilus 
Published: June 2021

The Pesaguan Dayak tribe is a tribe in West Kalimantan Province. Most of the people of this tribe are Catholic and Protestant. In the initial observation (pre-research), it seems that their understanding of the Bible and its position in the practice of life needs attention. However, in everyday life, the Pesaguan Dayak community is still robust with the customs, ethics, and moral norms of the tribal religion. To obtain a Christian portrait of the Pasaguan Dayak tribe, the researchers used qualitative research methods, emphasizing surveys or observations and interviews. From the results of research and interviews conducted, it was found that in the daily life of the Pesaguan Dayak people, the Bible is not the primary basis for the Pesaguan Dayak tribe. Another portrait of Christianity found in the field is the absence of awareness from the Pesaguan Dayak community to reach out to Malays to believe in Jesus, even though they live next door.

Suku Dayak Pesaguan adalah suku yang berada di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Sebagian besar orang-orang dari suku ini beragama Katolik dan Protestan. Pada obersevasi awal (prapenelitian), tampaknya pemahaman mereka tentang Alkitab dan posisinya dalam praktik kehidupan, perlu mendapat perhatian. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, masyarakat suku Dayak Pesaguan masih sangat kuat dengan adat istiadat, etika dan norma-norma moral agama suku. Untuk memperoleh potret kekristenan suku Dayak Pasaguan, maka peneliti memanfaatkan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan menekankan pada survei atau observasi dan wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian dan wawancara yang dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat suku Dayak Pesaguan, Alkitab bukanlah landasan dasar utama yang dimiliki suku Dayak Pesaguan. Potret kekristenan lainya yang ditemukan di lapangan yaitu belum adanya kesadaran dari masyarakat suku Dayak Pesaguan untuk menjangkau orang Melayu untuk percaya pada Yesus, meskipun mereka hidup bertetangga.
Enantioselective PCCP Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Aminalization of Aldehydes
Authors: Kamlar Martin , Reiberger Robert , Nigríni Martin , Císařová Ivana , Veselý Jan 
Published: June 2021

Here we present an enantioselective aminalization of aldehydes catalyzed by Brønsted acids based on pentacarboxycyclopentadienes (PCCPs). Cyclization reaction using readily available anthranilamides as building-blocks provides an access to valuable 2,3-dihydroquinazolinones containing one stereogenic carbon center with high degree of enantioselectivities (ee up to 81 %) and excellent yields (up to 97%).
The Role of Jet–Cocoon Mixing, Magnetization, and Shock Breakout in Neutrino and Cosmic-Ray Emission from Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Gottlieb Ore , Globus Noémie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We perform general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic and relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of weakly and highly magnetized gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets propagating in binary neutron star (BNS) merger ejecta. Using the simulations, we first find that mixing between the jet and cocoon, which is present in all types of jets, inhibits the formation of subphotospheric collisionless shocks. However, we show that a mild magnetization may lead to the formation of collisionless subshocks, which allow efficient proton acceleration. We consider shear acceleration and diffusive shock acceleration at collimation shocks, internal shocks, shock breakout, and external shocks to provide the first estimate for neutrino and cosmic-ray (CR) signals from self-consistent simulations of GRBs in BNS mergers. We find that short GRBs do not produce detectable neutrino signals with current-day facilities. Shock breakout yields ∼10 PeV neutrinos at viewing angles ∼20°, independent of the jet magnetization. However, a neutrino signal from shock breakout is well below the detection limits of current detectors. Such a signal would allow a coincident neutrino–γ-ray detection, providing a testable prediction for shock breakout as a neutrino production site. Using the numerical modeling that fits GW 170817 afterglow emission, we find that blast waves in BNS mergers can account for 5%–10% of the Galactic CR luminosity in the PeV–EeV energy range. Based on these estimates, the observed level of CR anisotropy places a constraint on the distance of the latest Galactic BNS merger to ≲3 kpc.
La narratologie est-elle soluble dans le storytelling ?
Authors: Dufour Stéphane 
Published: June 2021

Si les milieux littéraires identifient l’avènement du storytelling dans la société moderne comme un symptôme de l’appauvrissement du récit, les auteurs de manuels qui le promeuvent dans la communication de marques et d’entreprises vont pourtant puiser aux sources de la narratologie des références et des concepts pour construire et donner forme à leur histoire. Le refus parfois radical de reconnaître une légitimité épistémologique et même narrative au storytelling , d’un côté, et la recherche de filiation narratologique, de l’autre, mettent en évidence des tensions que voudrait questionner cette contribution. Qu’est-ce que le storytelling , dans son usage de technique de communication narrative, emprunte à cet art de conter ? Faisant l’hypothèse que l’usage de la narratologie dans un registre fort éloigné du roman ne se réalise pas sans conséquence ni sans reste, que reste-t-il de la narratologie dans le storytelling des marques et des entreprises ?
Le futur comme temps magique. Inš’Allah entre dogme, modalisation et superstition
Authors: Abouda Lotfi , Ben Ahmed Yossra 
Published: June 2021

Inš’Allah introduit une proportion importante d’énoncés au futur en arabe tunisien. Cette séquence connaît une multitude d’emplois laïcisés, issus de la pragmaticalisation de son sens religieux initial. L’objectif de cet article est, d’une part, d’identifier l’origine de l’expression et de restituer le mécanisme de pragmaticalisation qu’elle a connu et, de l’autre, de déterminer ses propriétés distributionnelles et ses principales valeurs sémantico-pragmatiques en contexte. L’identification des types d’emploi et leur classement s’appuie sur l’exploration exhaustive d’un corpus oral authentique d’environ 450 occurrences. Leur examen permet la reconnaissance d’une multitude d’emplois contextuels distincts, qui seront décrits et illustrés, puis reliés par une hypothèse d’explication anthropologique qui voit dans l’usage de cette séquence le reflet d’une conception du futur comme un temps magique non entièrement domestiqué.
Understanding the Journey of Patients With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Qualitative Study of the Impact on Children and Families
Authors: Ghauri Abdul-Jabbar , Fisher Kay , Kenworthy Atiya 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
To understand the impact of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), a chronic allergic inflammation of the ocular surface that primarily affects children and young adults, on daily life.

Methods:
This qualitative study used an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. Paired interviews with patients and parents were conducted in the participants' homes. Interviews continued until thematic saturation (no new information arising) was obtained. Nine patients and their families were interviewed. The patients were between 5 and 13 years old with disease severity ranging from mild to severe.

Results:
Several consistent themes emerged from the study, including the significant impact of VKC on schooling and family life. Families of children with VKC experience delays in receiving an accurate diagnosis and a lack of information and emotional support, which led the parents to report living in a constant state of tension about whether they were doing the right thing for their child. Although many children with VKC also have other atopic conditions, there is no cohesive approach to clinical care.

Conclusions:

VKC poses a significant burden on the lives of patients and their families. Greater awareness among clinicians is essential for early diagnosis and treatment and to prevent potential sight-threatening complications. The chronic nature of VKC necessitates a holistic approach to patient care to address the multiple clinical and emotional needs of the children and their families.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(5):298–303.]
The Assessment of YouTube Videos as a Source of Information for Amblyopia Treatment
Authors: Uyar Enes , Sarıbaş Ferhat 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficiency of YouTube videos as a source of information for the treatment of amblyopia.

Methods:
The authors searched YouTube (Google) using the keywords “amblyopia treatment” and analyzed the first 200 most relevant videos. Videos were classified as useful or misleading by two independent ophthalmologists. Videos were scored on 5-point scales to evaluate global quality, reliability, and comprehensiveness. General characteristics, viewer interactions, and sources of videos were also recorded.

Results:

Eighty-seven of 200 videos were appropriate to be included in the current study. Fifty videos (57.5%) were classified as useful and 37 videos (42.5%) were classified as misleading. General characteristics and viewer interactions were not significantly different between useful and misleading videos (
P
> .05). The mean Global Quality Score, reliability, and comprehensiveness scores were 3.64 ± 1.1, 3.02 ± 1.0, and 2.74 ± 1.2 in useful videos and 2.03 ± 0.9, 2.08 ± 0.8, and 1.62 ± 0.7 in misleading videos, respectively (
P
< .05). The data suggested that most of the videos uploaded by university channels or non-profit professionals were useful (79.2%), whereas most of the videos uploaded by medical advertisements or for-profit companies were misleading (59.1%).

Conclusions:
The results of the current cross-sectional study demonstrated that the number of useful videos for the treatment of amblyopia was higher on YouTube. However, there was still a significant number of misleading videos (42.5%). Therefore, more videos on amblyopia treatment that have sufficient reliability, quality, and comprehensiveness should be uploaded to YouTube.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(5):311–318.]
Likelihood of Germline Mutation With Solitary Unilateral Retinoblastoma Based on Patient Age at Presentation: Analysis of 482 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Shields Carol L. , Dockery Philip , Ruben Megan , Yaghy Antonio , Sunday Madalyne A. , Duffner Emily R. , Levin Hannah J. , Taylor Olivia S. , Calotti Martin , Lally Sara E. , Shields Jerry A. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate the likelihood of germline retinoblastoma in patients presenting with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma, based on age at presentation.

Methods:
This retrospective case series of 482 consecutive patients presenting with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma analyzed the likelihood of germline retinoblastoma, defined as family history of retinoblastoma, germline retinoblastoma mutation documented on genetic testing, and/or development of bilateral disease and/or additional new tumors. This analysis was based on age at presentation (0 to 12 months vs older than 12 to 24 months vs older than 24 to 36 months vs older than 36 months) and a sub-study was conducted on infant age at presentation (0 to 3 months vs older than 3 to 6 months vs older than 6 to 9 months vs older than 9 to 12 months).

Results:

Of the overall group (482 consecutive patients) with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma, there were significantly different findings in the youngest age group (0 to 12 months old) with greater family history of retinoblastoma (10% vs 2% vs 1% vs 2%,
P
= .004), smaller median basal diameter (18.0 vs 20.0 vs 20.0 vs 20.0 mm,
P
= .014), smaller median tumor thickness (8.7 vs 10.0 vs 11.5 vs 10.0 mm,
P
= .002), greater macular tumor location (33% vs 16% vs 10% vs 8%,
P
< .001), and greatest likelihood of germline mutation (29% vs 17% vs 8% vs 9%,
P
= .001). By comparison, patients 1 year and younger (vs older than 1 year) demonstrated a 2.96 odds ratio (OR) (
P
= .001) for likelihood of germline retinoblastoma. For those classified as infants (1 year and younger) (n = 132 consecutive patients), the youngest patients (0 to 3 months old) demonstrated the greatest likelihood for germline mutation (61% vs 20% vs 24% vs 22%,
P
= .009) and greatest odds ratio (5.52,
P
= .002) compared to patients older than 3 to 12 months.

Conclusions:
The youngest patients with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma showed the greatest likelihood of germline disease when evaluating all patients (1 year and younger vs older than 1 year of age) (OR = 2.96) and the substudy of infants (3 years and younger vs older than 3 to 12 months old) (OR = 5.52).

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(6):355–364.]