bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red cell manufacturing using parallel stirred‐tank bioreactors at the final stages of differentiation enhances reticulocyte maturation
Authors: Han So Yeon , Lee Eun Mi , Lee Janghan , Lee Hyosang , Kwon Amy M. , Ryu Ki Young , Choi Won‐Seok , Baek Eun Jung 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a robust, quality controlled, and reproducible erythroid culture system to obtain high numbers of mature erythroblasts and red blood cells (RBCs). This was achieved using a fully controlled stirred‐tank bioreactor by the design of experiments (DOE) methods in the serum‐free medium by defining the appropriate culture parameters. Human cord blood CD34+ cells were first cultured in static flasks and then inoculated to stirred‐tank bioreactors. Cell diameter was gradually decreased and final RBC yields were significantly higher when cells were inoculated at sizes smaller than 12 μm. The larger immature cells in the basophilic stage did not survive, while smaller mature erythroid cells were successfully expanded at high agitation speeds, demonstrating that appropriate seeding timing is critical. A high inoculation cell density of 5 × 106 cells/ml was achieved reaching 1.5 × 107 cells/ml. By using DOE analysis fitted to precise stages of erythropoiesis, we were able to acquire the optimal culture parameters for pH (7.5), temperature (37°C), dissolved oxygen, agitation speed (500 rpm), inoculation timing (cell diameter 12–13 μm), media feeding regimen, and cell seeding density (5 × 106 cells/ml). The final pure RBCs showed appropriate functions compared with fresh donor RBCs, confirming that manufacturing mature RBCs with reproducibility is possible.
Application of metabolic modeling for targeted optimization of high seeding density processes
Authors: Brunner Matthias , Kolb Klara , Keitel Alena , Stiefel Fabian , Wucherpfennig Thomas , Bechmann Jan , Unsoeld Andreas , Schaub Jochen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProcess intensification by application of perfusion mode in pre‐stage bioreactors and subsequent inoculation of cell cultures at high seeding densities (HSD) has the potential to meet the increasing requirements of future manufacturing demands. However, process development is currently restrained by a limited understanding of the cell's requirements under these process conditions. The goal of this study was to use extended metabolite analysis and metabolic modeling for targeted optimization of HSD cultivations. The metabolite analysis of HSD N‐stage cultures revealed accumulation of inhibiting metabolites early in the process and flux balance analysis led to the assumption that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were contributing to the fast decrease in cell viability. Based on the metabolic analysis an optimized feeding strategy with lactate and cysteine supplementation was applied, resulting in an increase in antibody titer of up to 47%. Flux balance analysis was further used to elucidate the surprisingly strong synergistic effect of lactate and cysteine, indicating that increased lactate uptake led to reduced ROS formation under these conditions whilst additional cysteine actively reduced ROS via the glutathione pathway. The presented results finally demonstrate the benefit of modeling approaches for process intensification as well as the potential of HSD cultivations for biopharmaceutical manufacturing.
Hungarian validation of the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire—Is the short form more adequate?
Authors: Zimonyi Szabolcs , Kasos Krisztian , Halmai Zsuzsa , Csirmaz Luca , Stadler Helga , Rózsa Sándor , Szekely Anna , Kotyuk Eszter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to provide a publicly available Hungarian version of the BPAQ; compare the BPAQ factors to other personality traits; and compare both the original BPAQ factor structure provided by Buss and Perry (J. Pers. Soc. Psychol., 63, 1992, 452), the revised BPAQ‐SF factor structure by Bryant and Smith (J. Res. Pers., 35, 2001, 138), and the BAQ by Webster et al. (Aggress. Behav., 40, 2014, 120).MethodsThe validation of the Hungarian version of the BPAQ was carried out on a Hungarian university sample (N = 841). There were three main focuses of data analysis: descriptive statistics, correlations, and confirmatory factor analyses.ResultsCFA‐related statistics showed an adequate fit for the BPAQ 4 factors; however, contrary to prior validations of BPAQ, we were not able to clearly define the verbal aggression factor. We found that the shorter form of the BPAQ has a better model fit on our sample than the original form, while the model fit of the BAQ was in‐between these. BPAQ scales showed low to moderate relationship with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.ConclusionBoth the BPAQ and the BPAQ‐SF, also the BAQ provide acceptable model fitting on a Hungarian sample of university students. While most of BPAQ items provided adequate loadings on their hypothesized factors, two items (21 and 27) did not. We argue this is the result of conceptual inaccuracy of the original items.
Contact with older people, ageism, and containment behaviours during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Visintin Emilio Paolo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo reduce and slow the spread of the coronavirus during the pandemic, people throughout countries are asked to adopt a series of prevention behaviours such as keeping physical distance and using protective devices (containment behaviours). Vulnerability of older people during the pandemic has been stressed by mass‐media and in political communication, calling for protection of this sector of the population. Based on intergroup contact theory and on the stereotype content model, I conducted a correlational study during the coronavirus lockdown in Italy, analysing contact with older people before the pandemic, ageism, and containment behaviours. Quality of contact with older people, favourable attitudes toward older people, and benevolent ageism were found to be positively associated with containment behaviours. Findings suggest that positive intergenerational relations are likely beneficial for public health.
Fluorophosphonates on‐Demand: A General and Simplified Approach toward Fluorophosphonate Synthesis
Authors: Dutra Jason K. , Foley Timothy L. , Huang Zhen , Fisher Ethan L. , Lachapelle Erik A. , Mahapatra Subham , Ogilvie Kevin , Butler Todd W. , Bellenger Justin , Devraj Majmudar Jaimeen , am Ende Christopher W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a general and simplified synthesis of fluorophosphonates directly from p‐nitrophenylphosphonates. This FP on‐demand reaction is mediated by a commercially available polymer‐supported fluoride reagent that produces a variety (25 examples) of fluorophosphonates in high yields while only requiring reagent filtration for pure fluorophosphonate isolation. This reaction protocol facilitates the rapid profiling of serine hydrolases with diverse and novel sets of activated phosphonates with differential proteome reactivity. Moreover, slight modification of the procedure into a reaction‐to‐assay format has enabled additional screening efficiency.
Mortality in spontaneous coronary artery dissection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Adams Cobi , He Maggie , Hughes Ian , Singh Kuljit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to provide a comprehensive estimate for spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) related mortality, and explore factors associated with an increased risk of death.BackgroundSCAD is an infrequent but increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome. Despite a growing body of evidence, there have been few detailed examinations of SCAD associated mortality.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases through May 7, 2020. We included studies reporting mortality data, confirmed SCAD with coronary angiography and included ≥10 participants. We excluded non‐English studies, conference abstracts, review articles and duplicate datasets. Random‐effects meta‐analysis and meta‐regression were used to evaluate estimates and predictors of mortality.ResultsFrom an initial 1,131 articles, 34 studies with 2,817 patients were eligible for inclusion. The weighted mean age was 50 years, and 84% of participants were female. The pooled estimate for SCAD mortality was 1% (Proportion 0.01; 95% CI, 0.00–0.02). The mean duration of follow‐up was 33 months. Meta‐regression showed male sex was associated with 3.5‐fold increased odds of mortality (OR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.22–10.03). In addition, smoking (current or previous) was associated with a 15‐fold increased risk of mortality (OR 15.32; 95% CI, 2.88–81.41).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis has shown that SCAD is associated with favorable survival outcomes with an estimated mortality of 1% over a mean follow‐up period of 33 months. We also found male sex and smoking were associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Iron Catalyzed Double Bond Isomerization: Evidence for an FeI/FeIII Catalytic Cycle
Authors: Woof Callum R. , Durand Derek J. , Fey Natalie , Richards Emma , Webster Ruth L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIron‐catalyzed isomerization of alkenes is reported using an iron(II) β‐diketiminate pre‐catalyst. The reaction proceeds with a catalytic amount of a hydride source, such as pinacol borane (HBpin) or ammonia borane (H3N⋅BH3). Reactivity with both allyl arenes and aliphatic alkenes has been studied. The catalytic mechanism was investigated by a variety of means, including deuteration studies, Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The data obtained support a pre‐catalyst activation step that gives access to an η2‐coordinated alkene FeI complex, followed by oxidative addition of the alkene to give an FeIII intermediate, which then undergoes reductive elimination to allow release of the isomerization product.
The Prospect of Dimensionality in Porous Semiconductors
Authors: Fritz Patrick W. , Coskun Ali 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith the advent of silicon‐based semiconductors, a plethora of previously unknown technologies became possible. The development of lightweight low‐dimensional organic semiconductors followed soon after. However, the efficient charge/electron transfers enabled by the non‐porous 3D structure of silicon is rather challenging to be realized by their (metal‐)organic counterparts. Nevertheless, the demand for lighter, more efficient semiconductors is steadily increasing resulting in a growing interest in (metal‐)organic semiconductors. These novel materials are faced with a variety of challenges originating from their chemical design, their packing and crystallinity. Although the effect of molecular design is quite well understood, the influence of dimensionality and the associated change in properties (porosity, packing, conjugation) is still an uncharted area in (metal‐)organic semiconductors, yet highly important for their practical utilization. In this Minireview, an overview on the design and synthesis of porous semiconductors, with a particular emphasis on organic semiconductors, is presented and the influence of dimensionality is discussed.
Rational Molecular Design of Multifunctional Blue‐Emitting Materials Based on Phenanthroimidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhang Hao , Tan Hong‐Ji , Yang Liu , Qin Peng , Zheng Xu‐Hui , Tang Shan‐Shun , Liu Yu , Tong Qing‐Xiao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHigh‐performance deep‐blue emitters with external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) exceeding 5 % are still scarce in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this work, by introducing a [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a] pyridine (TP) unit at the N1 position of phenanthroimidazole (PI), two luminescent materials, PTPTPA and PTPTPA, were obtained. Systematic photophysical analysis showed that the TP block is suitable for constructing hybridized local and charge‐transfer (HLCT) emitters. Its moderate electron‐withdrawing ability and rigid planar structure can enhance the CT component while ensuring color purity. In addition, compared with PTPTPA, the additional phenyl ring of PTPBPTA not only increased the oscillator strength, but also decreased the Stokes shift. TDDFT calculations pointed out facile reverse intersystem crossing processes in PTPTPA from high‐lying triplet states to the singlet excited state. A nondoped device based on PTPTPA as emitter showed impressive performance with EQEmax of 7.11 % and CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.09). At the same time, it was also an efficient host for yellow and red phosphorescent OLEDs. By doping yellow (PPYBA) and red (BTPG) phosphorescent dyes into PTPTPA, a white OLED with a high EQE of 23.85 % was achieved. The successful design of PTPTPA not only provided an optimization choice for OLED emitters, but also demonstrated the empirical rules for the design of multifunctional deep‐blue emitters.
Perspektiven für Hochspannungs‐Gleichstrom‐Übertragung on‐ und offshore
Authors: Siebels Carsten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDas mögliche Einsatzgebiet von Hochspannungs‐Gleichstrom‐Übertragung (HGÜ) in Mitteleuropa liegt dort, wo elektrische Energie per See‐ oder Erdkabel über große Entfernungen übertragen werden soll. Beispiele für die Berechnung der Netzverluste werden gegeben. Es werden anhand der Angaben im Netzentwicklungsplan Strom 2019–2030 die spezifischen Kosten der Energieübertragung mittels HGÜ‐Kabeln ausgewiesen. Diese werden für verschiedene Belastungsgrade ermittelt und mit Drehstrom‐Freileitungen und ‐Kabeln verglichen. Es werden Alternativen zur Stromübertragung mittels HGÜ dargestellt.
Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Neutralizing Activity of SYN023, a Mixture of Two Novel Antirabies Monoclonal Antibodies Intended for Use in Postrabies Exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: McClain J. Bruce , Chuang Ariel , Moore Susan M. , Tsao Eric 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSYN023 is a mixture of 2 humanized monoclonal antirabies antibodies (CTB011, CTB012). Two first‐in‐human studies evaluated ascending intramuscular (IM) injected doses (Study SYN023‐001; N = 15) and IM vs subcutaneous (SC) administration (Study SYN023‐003; N = 35) in healthy adults. In both studies, end points were safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics/rabies virus neutralizing activity (RVNA), and immunogenicity (anti‐SYN023 antibodies). Adverse events were mild and infrequent at all doses tested by IM injection (0.3 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, 2.0 mg/kg), or by SC injection (0.3 mg/kg). There were no apparent trends in adverse event frequency or nature with increased dose or with administration route. Serum PK of SYN023 component antibodies appeared comparable to each other at each dose tested and when administered IM versus SC with serum exposure doubling over the second week after administration. At the lowest dose tested (0.3 mg/kg) by either IM or SC injection, RVNA levels exceeded the concentration generally accepted as protective against rabies (≥0.5 IU/mL) by day 1 after administration. Supra‐inhibitory levels persisted >42 days. RVNA increased with higher doses. Anti‐CTB011 and anti‐CTB012 antibodies occurred with no apparent effect on PK or safety. These data support the potential use of SYN023 in antirabies postexposure prophylaxis.
Valuing the invaluable: park visitors' perceived importance and willingness to pay for urban park trees in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Aisha , Zubair Muhammad , Manzoor Syed Amir 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn complex urban systems, urban parks are rare hot spots of nature, responsible for delivering a range of ecosystem services. Trees are critically important components of urban parks that provide many benefits, and, at the same time, face challenges such as lack of funds, mismanagement, climate change, pests, and diseases. There is a growing need to increase the urban tree cover to sustain urban ecosystems. Successful policymaking requires engagement with all stakeholders, especially park users. An understanding of how people's perceptions of the benefits and challenges faced by urban park trees is pivotal to making decisions that have long‐standing support. We surveyed 521 park visitors in Multan, Pakistan, to assess their valuation of urban park trees, their understanding of the challenges faced by trees, and their willingness to pay (WTP) for increasing tree cover in urban parks. We found that people widely appreciated the ecosystem services provided by park trees. Provision of oxygen, shade, and clean air was considered the greatest benefits while cutting down, lack of space, and urbanization were perceived as the biggest challenges to trees. Respondents showed a WTP and believed in government–public cooperation for increasing tree cover. Income, age, and education were significant predictors of WTP. The study reflects findings in other development and geography contexts and highlights the need for broader dissemination of information on critical threats to park trees and underlines the potential for engaging locally to maximize effectively in the management of park trees.
Local landscape position impacts demographic rates in a widespread North American steppe bunchgrass
Authors: Shriver Robert K. , Campbell Erin , Dailey Christopher , Gaya Heather , Hill Abby , Kuzminski Sonya , Miller‐Bartley Margaret , Moen Kyle , Moettus Riga , Oschrin Emma , Reese Devin , Simonson Molly , Willson Alice , Parker Timothy H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the environmental drivers of demographic rates and population dynamics over space and time is critical for anticipating how species will respond to climate change. While the influence of temporal environmental variation and large environmental gradients are well recognized, less is known about how local topography and landscape position influence demography over small spatial scales. Here, we investigate how local landscape position (north‐ vs. south‐facing aspects) influence the demographic rates and population growth of a common bunchgrass in western North America, bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), using 6 annual censuses measuring growth, survival, and reproductive output. We found notably lower survival on south‐facing slopes, particularly among smaller individuals. In contrast, south‐facing slopes maintained comparatively high reproductive output in most years, measured both as spikes per plant and spikelets per spike. When we combined these data in demographic models, we found that lower survival among small individuals and greater reliance on reproduction mean south‐facing slopes would generally have to maintain higher recruitment for a stable population. Our results highlight the important influence that landscape position and local topography can have in driving population trends. As conditions warm and dry with climate change (north‐faces becoming similar to current south‐facing slope conditions), bluebunch wheatgrass may become more reliant on reproduction to maintain viable populations and more sensitive to variability in recruitment.
Synthesis of Alkyl Bridged‐Tris‐α‐Amino Acids as C3‐Symmetric and Linear Linkers
Authors: Uchino Ayumi , Tsukano Chihiro , Imamoto Tsuneo , Irie Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough bis‐α‐amino acids have been used to synthesize dimer models of aggregative peptides involved in neurodegenerative diseases, tris‐α‐amino acids are employed to a lesser extent for trimer models. The reported tris‐α‐amino acids substituted on the 1,3,5‐positions of an aromatic ring are not suitable for mimicking trimers due to their low flexibility and high planarity. Here, we design and synthesize two new alkyl bridged‐tris‐α‐amino acids with Fmoc protecting groups as new flexible linkers for trimer models.
Glycosamine Derivatives through Metal‐Catalyzed C−N Bond Formation on Protected and Unprotected 2‐Iodoglycals
Authors: Malinowski Maciej , Banoun Camille , de Robichon Morgane , Lubin‐Germain Nadège , Ferry Angélique 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGlycosamines are important building blocks of natural biopolymers. The development of synthetic routes to such glycoside family is of big interest in terms of biological application. Herein, access to glycosamine derivatives through dual nickel/copper‐catalyzed C−N bond formation via a cross‐coupling reaction is presented. Diverse benzyl‐ and cyclic amide‐containing glycals were successfully synthesized in moderate to excellent yields starting from perbenzylated and protecting group‐free 2‐iodoglycals. 16 examples presenting d‐glucal or d‐galactal configuration and an electron‐rich or electron‐poor amide moiety in position 2 of the carbohydrate are obtained by this methodology. Post‐functionalization by hydrogenolysis conditions of three synthesized compounds allows access to d‐mannosamine and d‐talosamine mimics.
Synthesis of Sheet Like Nanostructures of NiO Using Potassium Dichromate as Surface Modifying Agent for the Sensitive and Selective Determination of Amlodipine Besylate (ADB) Drug
Authors: Ahmed Khand Aftab , Ahmed Lakho Saeed , Tahira Aneela , Ahmed Mansoor , Aftab Umair , Abro Muhammad Ishaq , Juno Awais Ahmed , Nafady Ayman , Ibupoto Zafar Hussain 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe monitoring of hypertension drugs is very critical and important to sustain a healthy life. In this study, we have synthesized nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures using potassium dichromate as surface modifying agent by hydrothermal method. These NiO nanostructures were found highly active for the oxidation of ADB besylate (ADB). The unit cell structure and morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The SEM study has confirmed the nano sheet like morphology and XRD analysis has described the cubic unit arrays of NiO. After the physical characterization, NiO nanostructures were used to modify the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by drop casting method. Then cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to characterize the electrochemical activity of NiO nanostructures in the0.1 M phosphate buffer solution of pH 10.0 and a well resolved oxidation peak was identified at 0.70 V. The linear range for the NiO nanostructures was observed from 20–90 nM with a regression coefficient of 0.99 using CV. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 2.125 nM and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 4.08 nM. Further to validate the CV calibration plot, an amperometry experiment was performed on the NiO nanostructures and sensors exhibited a linear range of 10 nM to 115 nM with LOD of 1.15 nM. The proposed approach was successfully used for the determination of ADB from commercial tablets and it reveals that the sensor could be capitalized to monitor ADB concentrations from pharmaceutical products. The use of potassium dichromate as a surface modifying agent for the metal oxide nanostructures may be of great interest to manipulate their crystal and surface properties for the extended range of biomedical and energy related applications.