bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Library services and indigenous peoples in Latin America: Reviewing concepts, gathering experiences
Authors: Civallero Edgardo 
Published: January 2021

There have been library services for indigenous peoples in Latin America since at least the 1980s; they are small-scale, very specific experiences that, until recent times, have been poorly systematized and scarcely discussed. Throughout their brief but intense history – a story that has been replicated in many other countries around the world, from Canada to New Zealand – these services have faced a series of crossroads, contradictions and conflicts that they have not always been able to resolve, from the controversial label ‘indigenous libraries’ to their scope and the categories and methodologies they use. From a first-person perspective (the author was among the first library and information science professionals to work with this topic in Latin America and has been active in the field for the last 20 years), this article briefly reviews the state of affairs in South America, pointing out the main milestones in the history of these services in the region. It identifies some concepts and ideas that require urgent discussion from both a library and information science and interdisciplinary framework, and suggests some paths to explore in the near future.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Early-Onset Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Shi Min , Zhou Biao 
Published: January 2021

Background: The incidence of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) has increased significantly. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients under 50 years old. Methods: Patients with PNETs recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015 were analyzed. The clinical characteristics were analyzed by Chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS). Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: 2,303 patients included, of which 547 (23.8%) patients were younger than 50 years old. The number of younger patients has increased steadily, while the proportion in total PNETs decreased recently. Compared with older group, the proportion of the Black, grade I/II, and surgery were higher in early-onset PNETs. Liver was the most frequent metastatic site. There was no significant difference in the incidence of different metastatic sites between younger and older PNETs patients, while younger patients had better OS (P < 0.05). Grade, N stage, M stage, and surgery were independent prognostic factors for OS in early-onset PNETs. Conclusions: Younger patients have unique clinicopathological characteristics compared with older patients in PNETs. Better OS was observed in younger patients which might due to the higher proportion of well-differentiated tumor and surgery than older patients.
Factors contributing to veterans’ satisfaction with PTSD treatment delivered in person compared to telehealth
Authors: White C Nicole , Kauffman Brooke Y , Acierno Ron 
Published: January 2021

Introduction Telehealth is an increasingly popular treatment delivery modality for mental healthcare, including evidence-based treatment for complex and intense psychopathologies such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite the growing telehealth literature, there is a need for more confirmatory research on satisfaction with PTSD telehealth treatment, particularly among veterans, for whom the most rapid and permanent expansion of telehealth services has been implemented through the Department of Veterans Affairs. Methods The current paper integrates data from two concurrent PTSD treatment outcome studies that compared prolonged exposure therapy delivered both in person and via telehealth for veterans ( N = 140). Using two different measures of satisfaction (the Charleston Psychiatric Outpatient Satisfaction Scale-Veteran Affairs Version (CPOSS) and the Service Delivery Perception Questionnaire (SDPQ)), we hypothesized that PTSD improvement would predict satisfaction, but that delivery modality (in person vs telehealth) would not. Results Results only partially supported the hypotheses, in that PTSD symptom improvement was associated with greater satisfaction, and in-person treatment modality was associated with satisfaction as measured by the CPOSS (but not the SDPQ). Subgroup differences by sex were found, such that male veterans, typically with combat-related trauma, were more satisfied with their PTSD treatment compared to female veterans, who were most frequently seen in this study for military sexual trauma. Discussion Altogether, results illustrate a need for additional satisfaction studies with diverse samples and large sample sizes. Future research may benefit from examining satisfaction throughout treatment, identifying predictors of greater PTSD improvement, and further examining demographic subgroups.
Clinician-rated quality of video otoscopy recordings and still images for the asynchronous assessment of middle-ear disease
Authors: Alenezi Eman MA , Jajko Kathryn , Reid Allison , Locatelli-Smith Alessandra , McMahen Courtney SE , Tao Karina FM , Marsh Julie , Bright Tess , Richmond Peter C , Eikelboom Robert H , Brennan-Jones Christopher G 
Published: January 2021

Introduction Video otoscopy plays an important role in improving access to ear health services. This study investigated the clinician-rated quality of video otoscopy recordings and still images, and compared their suitability for asynchronous diagnosis of middle-ear disease. Methods Two hundred and eighty video otoscopy image–recording pairs were collected from 150 children (aged six months to 15 years) by an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist, audiologists, and trained research assistants, and independently rated by an audiologist and ENT surgeon. On a five-point scale, clinicians rated the cerumen amount, field of view, quality, focus, light, and gave an overall rating, and asked whether they could make an accurate diagnosis for both still images and recordings. Results More video otoscopy recordings were rated as ‘good’ or ‘excellent’ compared to still images across all domains. The mean difference between the two otoscopic procedures ratings was significant across almost all domains ( p < 0.05), except ‘cerumen amount’. The suitability to make a diagnosis significantly improved when using recordings (p<0.05). Younger participant age was found to have a significant, negative impact on the ratings across all domains ( p < 0.03). The role of the tester conducting video otoscopy did not have a significant impact on the ratings. Discussion Video otoscopy recordings were found to provide clearer views of the tympanic membrane and increase the ability to make diagnoses, compared to still images, for both audiologists and ENT surgeons. Research assistants with limited practice were able to obtain video otoscopy images and recordings that were comparable to the ones obtained by clinicians.
Early Outcomes After Surgical Management of Geriatric Patella Fractures
Authors: Kapilow Jaclyn , Ahn Junho , Gallaway Kathryn , Sorich Megan 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To report the incidence and risk factors for prolonged hospitalization, discharge to a facility, and postoperative complications in geriatric patients who underwent surgery for patella fracture. Design: Retrospective database review. Setting: The American College of Surgeons—National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) collects data from 600 hospitals across the United States. Patients/Participants: NSQIP patients over 65 years of age with patella fractures. Intervention: Surgical fixation of patella fracture including extensor mechanism repair. Main Outcome Measurements: Prolonged hospitalization, discharge to a facility, and 30-day post-operative complications. Results: 1721 patients were included in the study. The average age was 74.9 years. 358 (20.8%) patients were male. 122 (7.1%) patients had a length of stay greater than 7 days. Factors associated with prolonged length of stay include pre-existing renal failure, need for emergent surgery, and time to surgery greater than 24 hours from admission. 640 patients (37.2%) of patients were discharged to a facility after surgery. Discharge to facility was associated with age >77 years, obesity, anemia, thrombocytopenia, pre-operative SIRS, and CCI > 0.5. Admission from home decreased the odds of discharge to a facility. The most common postoperative complications in this population were unplanned readmission (3.4%), unplanned reoperation (2.7%), surgical site infection (1.1%), mortality (1.0%), venous thromboembolism (0.8%), and wound dehiscence (0.2%). Complication rates increased with anemia and ASA class IV-V. Conclusions: Geriatric patients undergoing operative intervention for patella fractures are at high risk for prolonged hospitalization, discharge to facility, unplanned readmission or reoperation, and surgical site complications in the first 30 days following surgery. This study highlights modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors associated with adverse events. Early recognition of these factors can allow for close monitoring and multidisciplinary intervention in the perioperative period to improve outcomes. Level of Evidence: Prognostic level III.
Functional Outcomes of Nerve Root Sparing Posterior Corpectomy in Lumbar Vertebral Burst Fractures
Authors: Reddy Mallepally Abhinandan , Marathe Nandan , Shrivastava Abhinav Kumar , Tandon Vikas , Chhabra Harvinder Singh 
Published: January 2021

Study Design: Retrospective observational. Objectives: This study aimed to document the safety and efficacy of lumbar corpectomy with reconstruction of anterior column through posterior-only approach in complete burst fractures. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed complete lumbar burst fractures treated with corpectomy through posterior only approach between 2014 and 2018. Clinical and intraoperative data including pre and post-operative neurology as per the ISNCSCI grade, VAS score, operative time, blood loss and radiological parameters, including pre and post-surgery kyphosis, height loss and canal compromise was assessed. Results: A total of 45 patients, with a mean age of 38.89 and a TLICS score 5 or more were analyzed. Preoperative VAS was 7-10. Mean operating time was 219.56 ± 30.15 minutes. Mean blood loss was 1280 ± 224.21 ml. 23 patients underwent short segment fixation and 22 underwent long segment fixation. There was no deterioration in post-operative neurological status in any patient. At follow-up, the VAS score was in the range of 1-3. The difference in preoperative kyphosis and immediate post-operative deformity correction, preoperative loss of height in vertebra and immediate post-operative correction in height were significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The posterior-only approach is safe, efficient, and provides rigid posterior stabilization, 360° neural decompression, and anterior reconstruction without the need for the anterior approach and its possible approach-related morbidity. We achieved good results with an all posterior approach in 45 patients of lumbar burst fracture (LBF) which is the largest series of this nature.
Combined Anterior-Posterior Fusion Versus Posterior Alone Fusion for Cervical Myelopathy in Athetoid-Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Kim Gang-Un , Ahn Myun-Whan , Lee Gun Woo 
Published: January 2021

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study. Objectives: Although some studies have discussed the use of lateral mass screws (LMSs) in patients with cerebral palsy (CP), it is unclear whether posterior LMS fixation alone is a suitable method. We aimed to compare the clinical, radiological, and surgical outcomes of 2 surgical modalities, namely, combined anterior-posterior (A-P) instrumented fusion and posterior fusion alone, in athetoid-type CP patients with cervical myelopathy (CM). Methods: We analyzed 63 patients with athetoid-CP and CM who underwent posterior fusion only with LMS (group A, 35 patients) and A-P fusion (group B, 28 patients). The primary outcome was the 1- and 3-year fusion rates for the surgical segments. The secondary outcomes included the clinical outcomes based on pain intensity determined using the visual analog scale score, neck disability index, and 17-point Japanese Orthopedic Association score, radiological, and surgical outcomes. Results: Fusion was achieved at 3 years postoperatively in 22 of 35 patients (63%) in group A and in 26 of 28 patients (93%) in group B ( P = 0.02). The posterior neck pain intensity was also significantly lower in group B than in group A 2 and 3 years postoperatively ( P = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). The incidence of screw loosening and implant-related problems was higher in group A (60%) than in group B (21%) ( P = 0.01). The other clinical and radiological parameters were similar between the groups. Conclusions: For athetoid CP-induced CM, combined A-P fusion would result in superior clinical and radiological outcomes compared to posterior fusion alone.
Association Between Vitamin A Intake and Disease Severity in Early-Onset Heterotopic Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of the Spine
Authors: Endo Tsutomu , Imagama Shiro , Kato Satoshi , Kaito Takashi , Sakai Hiroaki , Ikegawa Shiro , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu , Kanayama Masahiro , Hisada Yuichiro , Koike Yoshinao , Ando Kei , Kobayashi Kazuyoshi , Oda Itaru , Okada Kazufumi , Takagi Ryo , Iwasaki Norimasa , Takahata Masahiko 
Published: January 2021

Study Design: A sex- and age-matched case-control study and a cross-sectional study. Objective: In our previous study, patients with early-onset (<50 years of age) ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) had distinct features such as morbid obesity, a high prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases, and diffuse ossified lesions mainly affecting the thoracic spine. Our goals were to determine whether early-onset OPLL patients have unbalanced dietary habits and to identify nutritional factors associated with OPLL exacerbation. Methods: In Study 1, the simple brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) was used to compare nutrient intake levels of early-onset OPLL patients (n = 13) with those of sex- and age-matched non-OPLL controls (n = 39) or with those of common OPLL (onset age ≥ 50 years, n = 62). In Study 2, serological validation was conducted for thoracic OPLL patients (n = 77) and non-OPLL controls (n = 101) in a nationwide multicenter study in Japan. Results: The BDHQ showed that the early-onset OPLL patients had significantly lower intakes of vitamins A and B6 than non-OPLL controls. These results were validated by lower serum vitamins A and B6 levels in the early-onset thoracic OPLL patients. The severity of OPLL negatively correlated with serum vitamin A levels in male early-onset OPLL patients. The multiple regression analysis revealed that the severity of thoracic OPLL had an association with onset age and serum vitamin A level. Conclusions: Vitamin A deficiency resulting from unbalanced dietary habits is associated with exacerbation of male early-onset OPLL.
Characteristics of Osteochondral Fractures Caused by Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Uimonen Mikko , Ponkilainen Ville , Paloneva Juha , Mattila Ville M. , Nurmi Heikki , Repo Jussi P. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Literature describing the anatomic characteristics of osteochondral fractures (OCFs) in the knee joint after patellar dislocation is scarce. Purpose: To describe the patterns of OCFs in the knee joint after acute or recurrent patellar dislocation in a sample of patients from 2 orthopaedic trauma centers. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: In this multicenter study, all patients who had International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, diagnostic codes S83.0 and M22.0 between 2012 and 2018 were screened. Of the 2181 patients with clinically diagnosed patellar dislocation, 1189 had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients with diagnosed patellar dislocation and osteochondral fragment verified on MRI scans were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected from electronic patient records. OCF location and size were assessed from MRI scans. Results were further compared in subgroups by sex, skeletal maturity, and primary versus recurrent patellar dislocation. Results: An OCF was detected in 134 patients with injured knees, all of whom were included in the final analysis. It occurred in the patella in 63% of patients, in the lateral femoral condyle in 34%, and in both locations in 3%. The median OCF size was 146 mm2 (interquartile range, 105-262 mm2). There was no statistically significant difference in OCF size between patellar and lateral femoral condyle fractures. Patellar OCFs were more frequent in female than male patients ( P = .009) and were larger after primary than recurrent dislocation ( P = .040). Conclusion: OCFs were mainly located in the medial facet of the patella and in the lateral femoral condyle, with these locations accounting for approximately two-thirds and one-third of all OCFs, respectively. Proportion of patellar OCF was higher in female than in male. Patellar OCFs may be larger after primary than recurrent dislocation.
Measurable residual disease affects allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in Ph+ ALL during both CR1 and CR2
Authors: Nishiwaki Satoshi , Akahoshi Yu , Mizuta Shuichi , Shinohara Akihito , Hirabayashi Shigeki , Noguchi Yuma , Fukuda Takahiro , Uchida Naoyuki , Tanaka Masatsugu , Onizuka Makoto , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Ota Shuichi , Shiratori Souichi , Onishi Yasushi , Kanda Yoshinobu , Sawa Masashi , Tanaka Junji , Atsuta Yoshiko , Kako Shinichi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough measurable residual disease (MRD) at the time of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) has been reported to be an important prognostic factor for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during first complete remission (CR1), the prognostic impact of MRD is unclear during second CR (CR2). To clarify the impact of MRD for both CR1 and CR2, we analyzed data from a registry database including 1625 adult patients with Ph+ ALL who underwent first allo-HCT during either CR1 or CR2 between 2002 and 2017. Adjusted overall and leukemia-free survival rates at 4 years were 71% and 64%, respectively, for patients undergoing allo-HCT during CR1 with MRD−, 55% and 43% during CR1 with MRD+, 51% and 49% during CR2 with MRD−, and 38% and 29% during CR2 with MRD+. Although survival rates were significantly better among patients with CR1 MRD− than among patients with CR2 MRD−, no significant difference was observed in survival rate between patients with CR1 MRD+ and CR2 MRD−. Relapse rates after 4 years were 16% in patients with CR1 MRD−, 29% in CR1 MRD+, 21% in patients with CR2 MRD−, and 46% in patients with CR2 MRD+. No significant difference was identified in relapse rate between patients with CR1 MRD− and CR2 MRD−. CR2 MRD− was not a significant risk factor for relapse in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-2.29; P = .45 vs CR1 MRD−). MRD at time of allo-HCT was an important risk factor in patients with Ph+ ALL during both CR1 and CR2.
Changes in inflammatory factors in the Brown Norway rat model of food allergy
Authors: Zhu Qingling , Wang Junli , Ma Jingqiu , Sheng Xiaoyang , Li Feng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe role of serum S100A8/A9 in intestinal inflammation has been confirmed, and its role in food allergy is currently being investigated.ObjectiveTo explore the levels of S100A8/A9 and inflammatory factors, including Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), Nuclear transcription factors (NF-κB) and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), in mild food allergies.MethodsEighty 3-week-old male Brown Norway rats were used. Forty rats were randomly assigned to the ovalbumin-sensitized experimental group, while 40 rats were assigned to the normal saline sham-sensitized control group. Body weight and length and the levels of serum ovalbumin-specific IgE (OVA-IgE), histamine, Th1-associated and Th2-associated factors, S100A8/A9 and inflammation-associated cytokines were compared.ResultsThrough the evaluation of OVA-IgE level and Th1/Th2 balance in the experimental group, a successful IgE-mediated food allergy model was constructed. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher serum S100A8/A9 levels on days 21, 28, 35 and 42 (allP < 0.05); higher TLR4 levels on days 28, 35 and 42 (allP < 0.05); higher TNF-α levels on days 28, 35 and 42 (allP < 0.05); higher NF-κB levels on days 35 and 42 (allP < 0.05); and higher IL-1β and IL-6 levels on days 7 to 42 (allP < 0.05). Moreover, positive correlations were found between the serum levels of S100A8/A9 and inflammation-associated cytokines [TNF-α:r = 0.378,P = 0.039; IL-1β:r = 0.679,P = 0.000; IL-6:r = 0.590,P = 0.001].ConclusionS100A8/A9 and inflammatory-related factors, including TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, is closely related to food allergies. Moreover, immune and inflammatory factors interact with each other in food allergies, which may provide insight into food allergy causes and treatments.
Construction of a patient decision aid for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in primary care
Authors: Vincent Yves-Marie , Frachon Adèle , Buffeteau Clotilde , Conort Guillaume 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) is very common among women in primary care. The risk of developing pyelonephritis remains low after uUTI, nonetheless, empiric antibiotic therapy is frequently prescribed for symptomatic purposes. This may lead to adverse effects and antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, patients may express the will to limit the use of antibiotics. Some European countries recommend discussing a delayed prescription with the patient and developing a shared decision. The aim of this study is to create a patient decision aid (PtDA) used in primary care settings to make a shared decision between practitioners and women about whether or not to treat uUTI with antibiotics.

Methods
We followed the steps recommended by the International Patient Decision Aids Standards, with a scoping phase, a design phase (including focus groups and literature review), and an alpha-testing phase. A steering group, made of patients and physicians, met throughout the study to develop a prototype PtDA.

Results
The information included in the PtDA is the definition of uUTI, information on the options, their benefits, risks, and consequences, based on a review of the literature. The results of the focus group made possible to determine the patient’s values and preferences to consider in decision-making, including: the discomfort felt, the impact on daily life, patients’ perceptions of antibiotics, and the position relative to the risk of adverse effect. The choices in presentation, organisation and design are the result of the work of the steering group, improved by feedback from alpha testing. We confirmed the need for shared decision-making and the equipoise in this situation.

Conclusions
We developed a PtDA to be used in primary care for sharing decision on the use of antibiotic in uUTI. It needs to be validated in a beta-testing phase, with complementary advice from peers, and then tested in a clinical study comparing its use with the systematic prescription approach.