bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water management and application of organic matter for rice cultivation on acid sulphate soil in South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf W A , Syahbuddin H , Anwar K , Ratmini N P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rice yield on acid sulfate soils in Indonesia is low, presumably due to AI and/or Fe toxicity. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of water management and application of organic matter in improving rice yields in acid sulfate soil in south Sumatera, Indonesia. The study design used a split plot design with two factor and three replications. The first factor was water management with two treatment and the second factor was amelioration with six treatment. Rice variety, Inpari 42, was used as the test crop. Treatment included the use of various rates of water management and amelioration, with or without an organic fertilizer. The result for the 1st crop showed a promising trend; applying organic matter 2,5 t ha−1 in combination with water level (-10 cm), the rice yield was 3.31 t ha−1, which was much higher than that produced by water level (+5 cm) with applying organic matter 2.33 t ha−1, with a percentage increase of 42.01%. The efforts to overcome the fertility problems of acid sulphate soil were by water management and application of ameliorants.
Conservation agriculture in semi-arid area of Indonesia: lesson learnt to increase maize production and farmers’ awareness on environmental friendly land management
Authors: Ngongo Y , Irawan  , Haryati U 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Dominated semi-arid area of East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) is characterized by low and erratic rainfall, poor soil fertility, diverse agro-ecosystem and dominant rocky lands. Crops production within this environment is generally low and uncertain. This paper aims to describe the impacts of Conservation Agriculture (CA) practices in ENT province. The data and information were mainly taken from FAO and IAARD’ CA collaboration research program implemented in ENT during 2014 to 2018. All farmers involved in the programs acknowledge that CA has increased maize productivity and indeed some farmers have able to plant maize twice a year and experienced good harvest even in long drought. Integrated forage into CA based farming in Timor enable farmers to provide enough feed for cattle at least 1 to 2 head/household. Nevertheless, most farmers showed some constraints in implementing and expanding the introduced CA concepts. The main constraint is lack of labor and equipment to make permanent planting hole in dominated rocky land. CA concepts related to permanent cover crops and mulching have not fully implemented due to crops residues mostly used to feed cattle. The complexity of semi-arid environments and indigenous knowledge of local people in managing semi-arid upland agriculture should be taken into consideration in incorporating suitable induced CA.
The distribution of paraquat and carbosulfan residues in Indonesia
Authors: Ardiwinata A N , Harsanti E S , Kurnia A , Sulaeman E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paraquat (Par) and carbosulfan (Carb) residue are thought to have contaminated soil, water, and plant in eight provinces of Indonesia as study sites i.e. Riau, Lampung, West Java, Central Java, East Java, South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, and South Kalimantan. The objective of this study was to get information related the use and effects of Par and Carb. The soil samples were collected with a stainless-steel spoon. Water samples were taken using a grab sampler. Harvest panicles manually, only from upright and unlodged plants (rice). Analysis of samples were used HPLC, while for Carb residue analysis was used GC. The limit of detection of Par residue in soil were at the range of 0.0479 to 0.0597 µg g−1. Par and Carb residues are not found in water and plants (below the detection limit). The total Par and Carb residue in soil were in the range of 0.1525 to 14.4366 mg kg−1 and 0.0582 to 0.3072 mg kg−1, respectively or below the tolerance limit. Par residue distributed to all study locations, while Carb residue found in Java, Sulawesi and Kalimantan Islands. The results of this study indicate that Par and Carb residues in water, soil and plants are still safe.
Optimal use of tidal swampland by implementing technology innovation “Panca Kelola” to enhance farmer’s income in Central Kalimantan Indonesia
Authors: Darsani Y R , Yusuf W A , Sosiawan H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rice production in swampland can increase farmers’ income through intensification activities based on local wisdom. This study aims to determine the household income of farmers by implementing the Innovation Technology “Panca Kelola”. This technology has components namely: water management, land preparation, ameloriation and fertilization, high yielding variety and pest control. The method of data collection is done through a survey with direct interviews to farmers using a questionnaire. The results showed that the implementation of Technology Innovation “Panca Kelola” has economic prospects to be developed on a large scale with R/C> 1 and MBCR> 2. The increased income of cooperator farmers was 60.73% (IDR. 20,363,987,- household−1 year−1) compared to non-cooperative farmers.
The characteristics of Tanimbar Island local maize in Maluku Province
Authors: Pesireron M , Senewe R E , Gaffar A , Yusuf  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Local sticky corn (Zea mays Ceratina) originates from Tanimbar Islands Regency and Southwest Maluku Maluku Province. This research aims to determine both the superiority and yield ability of the local sticky Corn. It was carried out in the dry climate lowland agroecosystem, in MSC (Main Seed Center) Wesawak Village (Rainy Season) and Tumbur Village (Dry Season), South Tanimbar sub-district. A Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments and five replications was applied. Sticky corn as treatments consists of three local varieties (Pulp Tanimbar, Pula Tepa, and sticky Ungu Sulteng) and three new superior varieties (Pulmon Uri-1 composite, Pulan Ketan Hybrid, and sticky sweet Hybrid). The results showed that Tanimbar local sticky Corn had developed hereditary to adapt to a specific environment. It could also grow in two seasons >90% with low rainfall (1,000-1,500 mm/year) with early maturity <90 days (86.20 days) and resistant to major borer pests (stem and cob). However, it was susceptible to downy mildew with an average yield of 3.24 tha−1 (range 2.44-4.04 t ha−1) and a potential yield of 4.04 tha−1. Besides, Tanimbar sticky corn has high carbohydrate, protein, and amylose contents (63.47%, 13.05%, and 26.68%, respectively), along with low-fat content (5.08%), soft texture of young, fluffier and delicious taste.
Planting distance and tuber size affected the productivity of Lansuna local variety of red onion (Allium ascolonicum L.)
Authors: Tandi O G , Lintang M , Yusuf  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Shallot Lansuna local variety is trendy among farmers in Minahasa Regency because it adaptable to all seasons. This study aimed to evaluate planting distance and tuber size on the productivity of local variety onion of Lansuna. It was conducted from April to November 2017 in the Tonsewer Village, Minahasa Regency, using randomized design factorial groups with three replications. The first factor was planting distances of 20 cm x 20 cm and 20 cm x 25 cm, and the second factor was the size of tubers (large, medium and small). Thus, there were six treatment combinations. The results showed that the planting distances and tuber sizes did not significantly affect the agronomic components (plant height, number of leaves, and number of tubers) and production components (gross weight and net weight). However, the planting distance of 20 cm x 20 cm in combination with larger tuber seeds had the highest yield (26.17 t ha−1) followed by medium tuber seeds (15.79 t ha−1) and small tuber seeds (12.42 t ha−1). The study suggests that Shallot local variety Lansuna should be cultivated using 20 cm x 20 cm spacing distance and larger tuber seeds whenever possible.
The effect of ameliorant on peat soil properties and shallots productivity in peatlands
Authors: Maswar  , Firmansyah A , Haryati U , Irawan  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Shallot farming on peatland has physical, chemical and biological constraints which does not support crop growth properly. These constraints can usually be treated with amelioration. It is therefore important to understand the effects of applying ameliorant on soil properties and shallots productivity. The study was conducted in Central Kalimantan Province of Indonesia from April to August 2017. In this study, ameliorant such as 10 t ha−1 mineral soil + 4 t ha−1 dolomite + 5 t ha−1 manure has been applied into 0 – 20 cm soil depth. Furthermore, NPK fertilizer, peat fertilizer, bio fertilizer, mulch and or a combination thereof had been added as the treatments. The results showed that application of mineral soil + dolomite + manure was able to improve the physical, and chemical properties of soil on all treatments such as increases in bulk density, mineral content, pH, Ca, Mg, K, base saturation, and P, so that the improved soil condition can support the shallots growth properly. The shallot dry weight production ranged from 9.60 to 15.49 t ha−1. As a comparison, Indonesia’s national average shallots productions is 9.31 t ha−1. This finding indicates that shallots farming can be considered as the alternative for peatlands utilization.
Soil quality degradation under horticulture practices in volcanic slope soil, East Java – Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan S , Agustina M P , Wiwaha R A , Wijaya A Y , Fitria A D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Volcanic slope soils in Indonesia may have degradation due to forest conversion to intensive agriculture since more than three decades. This research aimed to assess soil characteristics from different land uses and slopes in volcanic slope soil, East Java. Three different land uses, namely crops, apple orchard and forest were chosen as different land-use factors, where each land-use was examined in four slope classes (e.g. 0-8 %, 8-15 %, 15-25 %, and > 25 %), except forest with three slopes area, and each plot repeated three times. Soil samples were taken from three sub-plots at 0-10, 10-30, and 30-50 cm. Variables measured included soil texture, bulk density, pH, CEC, and soil nutrients. Degradation soil quality under horticulture practices (i.e. crops and apple orchard) is shown by the increases of 27-40% soil bulk density and decreases of 17-65% soil nutrient content (i.e. C, N) as compared to forest. The impact of slope on soil fertility degradation was more pronounced in the forest soil as compared to horticulture land. Our study suggested the benefit of tree density and diversity in the forest to maintain soil fertility, and proper soil conservation in the horticultural lands to slow down volcanic slope soil degradation.
Magnesium and silicon fertilizer application to promote rice growth and production
Authors: Sipahutar I A , Siregar A F , Anggria L , Husnain  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The global demand for rice continues to increase due to population growth. In Indonesia, various innovations have been implemented for improving rice production, while magnesium silicate fertilizer application is still limited. The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Mg and Si (MgSi Fert) on rice growth and productivity. This study was conducted at Luhur Jaya Village, Cipanas District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province in a rainy season. A randomized complete block design with ten treatments and three replications was set. The treatment was MgSi Fert with multiple dosages. Results showed that NPK fertilizer combined with 100 kg ha−1 MgSi fertilizer gave the highest yield. Based on the quadratic equation y = - 0.1301x2 + 28.812x + 5,474.2, it was known that highest slope on the equation was reached at dosage less than 150 kg ha−1 of MgSi Fert. The optimum dosage of MgSi Fert for Ciherang rice variety was achieved at 110 kg ha−1 with yield as 7.07 t ha−1. This present study showed that MgSi Fert application improved rice growth and yield.
Management residues of chlorpyrifos insecticides on shallot cropping through remediations technology
Authors: Poniman  , Indratin  , Ardiwinata A N , Rianto S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum insecticide and is widely used to Organism Pests Management (OPM). The remediation technology for polluted land is needed to reduce the risk of continuous impacts. The research aimed to reduce chlorpyrifos insecticide residues in shallot agriculture through remediation technology. The research was carried out in Naru Village, Sape Sub-District, Bima Regency (NTB) in June-August 2018. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (RBD), three replications, and six treatments: (T1) farmers method, (T2) urea fertilizer-coated biochar, (T3) urea fertilizer-coated biochar enriched with consortia microbes, (T4) consortium microbes 2 L ha−1, (T5) urea fertilizer-coated nano biochar, and (T6) urea fertilizer-coated nano biochar enriched with consortia microbes. Remediation agents containing carbon, such as biochar and manure and some microbes can help accelerate the degradation of insecticides in the environment. Decreased chlorpyrifos residue from highest to low, respectively: urea fertilizer coated nano biochar>urea fertilizer coated nano biochar with enriched consortium microbes>urea fertilizer coated biochar>urea fertilizer coated biochar with enriched consortium microbes>consortium microbes 2 L ha−1. Treatment of urea fertilizer coated nano biochar and urea fertilizer coated nano biochar with enriched consortium microbes can be applied as a chlorpyrifos remediation technology in the shallot agriculture in silt texture soils.
The role of communal pasture as a source of cattle feed: A case in Lar Badi, Sumbawa
Authors: Shiddieqy M I , Tiesnamurti B , Widiawati Y , Saptati R A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cattle farming plays a significant role in most economic and social societies in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. In this area, the majority of cattle are grazed extensively in open grassland. The study aimed to evaluate the role of communal pasture range as a source of cattle feed. The method was descriptive with field verification, took place in Lar Badi, Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, which was one out of 59 pastures in Sumbawa. Data related to pasture conditions, beneficiary farmers, and institutional management were collected from different sources. Lar Badi has a total area 460 of ha, where Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health has a program to improve 100 ha of it with pasture grasses and legumes, such as Lamtoro tarramba and Brachiaria decumbens. The number of beneficiary farmers is 177 farmers from 10 farmer groups. The total number of cattle owned by the farmers is 2,941 heads. The combination of L. tarramba and B.decumbens has total production of 3,100 DM t 100 ha−1 yr−1, while the requirement of 2,941 heads or 1,736.99 animal unit (AU) of cattle was 5,205.15 DM t yr−1. The cattle need the addition of 2,105 DM t yr−1. The capacity of Lar Badi is 0,6 AU ha−1 yr−1. The study suggests increasing forage production capacity to sustain cattle feeding in Sumbawa.
Genetic variability, heritability and yield components of waterlogging-tolerant hybrid maize
Authors: Muliadi A , Effendi R , Azrai M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Waterlogging is one of the abiotic stresses which can be one of the most important constraints for maize production. The objective of this study is to estimate genetic variability, heritability, correlations for grain yield and yield component of waterlogging-tolerant maize. This research was conducted in two locations, laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The research material consisted of 8 hybrids and 2 check varieties. The L19/MR14 hybrids had the highest grain yield (9.64 t ha−1), followed by L15/MR14 hybrids (9.30 t ha−1) and L12/MR14 (9.20 t ha−1). Genotypic variants ranged from 0.00 to 15.98, while phenotypic variants ranged from 0.06 to 20.43. Broad sense heritability estimates were moderately high for days to 50% silking, thousand kernel weight, ear length, number of kernel rows per ear. The characters observed generally showed a positive correlation with grain yield, except for plant height and ear height. The thousand kernel weight has a positive and large direct effect on the grain yield and it is almost the same as the correlation value. Therefore, the character could be considered as important selection criteria for grain yield improvement of waterlogging tolerant maize breeding program.
Use of the dry-spell seasonal forecast in crop management decisions
Authors: Surmaini E , Susanti E , Suciantini  , Syahputra M R , Fajary F R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Climate forecasts have shown the potential for improving the resilience of agriculture to climate change. The usefulness of climate forecasts for applications in agriculture can be enhanced if the forecasts are translated into agricultural outlooks, in which the information is targeted for decision-making. The sequence of dry periods is necessary for successful crop management decisions, especially in dry season planting. This paper investigates how well the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) seasonal forecasts predict the dry spell (DS) over the Indonesia region. The seasonal forecasts were downscaled using the constructed analogue method and, in turn, were corrected with TRMM 3B42 rainfall data to match daily precipitation totals. The DS is defined as rainfall less than 5 mm day−1 for ≥10 consecutive days. Accuracy of the DS prediction was assessed using the Brier Score (BS) method for December-January-February (DJF) and June-July-August (JJA) periods. The results demonstrate that the highest accuracy of the DS forecast occurred in JJA in southern part Indonesia with a range of the BS value between 0-0.2 (>80%). The operational DS seasonal forecasts are needed to manage agriculture practices for the upcoming planting season such as the choice of a crop/variety, supplementary irrigation, and crop water requirement.
Lessons learned from Europe’s peat management regimes
Authors: Azahari D H , Sukarman  , Van Assen B W 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Peatland is an essential natural resource. Indonesia is the target of increased criticism for its commercial management of peatland, especially over the last two decades. These criticisms pivot around the draining of peatland to use for (dryland) agriculture, horticulture, and forestry and include the effects of draining and burning peatland. Criticisms about Indonesia’s peatland management focuses on oil palm expansion. While we indirectly address Indonesia’s commercial peat management criticisms, our primary focus in this paper is to explore management regimes applied to commercial European peatland management. We seek to compare European management practices asking the question: What can Indonesia learn from seven centuries of European peatland management practices? A comparative understanding will inform an initial guide for defining best management practices. Our findings show that Indonesia, not Europe as we supposed, is uniquely positioned to globally establish sustainable wetland agriculture.
Selection of chilli and tomato cultivars for mitigation of climate change and realization of sustainable production
Authors: Aisyawati L , Dewi H A , Daroini P B , Mariyono J , Latifah E 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate change is inevitable, and vegetables are sensitive to climate change. Thus, cultivars resistant to climate change are alternatives. This study was aimed at examining the adaptation capability of selected lines and varieties of tomato and chilli in farmers’ lands. Five improved lines and varieties of chilli and tomato were selected. The trials were conducted using a randomized block design in upland and lowland to understand the response of selected cultivars in a new agroecosystem. There were three replications at each site. Agronomic aspects were used as performance indicators. The results showed significant differences in each site. Several improved lines of chilli showed better performance than others in high altitude. However, the performance depends on the altitude and season. Lines performed better at high altitude and could not result in the same at low altitude. This is the same case as the tomato. Some lines showed good performance in upland, but they did not show in lowland, and vice versa. Based on the finding, it is recommended that farmers are expected to select the best lines accordingly to the locations they will cultivate tomato and chilli.
Methane (CH4) emissions and yield from submergence tolerance rice varieties
Authors: Yulianingrum H , Paputri D M W , Kartikawati R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anomalies in the global climate that often occur have an impact in the difficulty of predicting the intensity of flood that hit crops in flooded agricultural area or areas along river. Measurement of methane (CH4) from submergence land is important to provide information on varieties that are resistant to submergence and having low CH4 emissions. The objective of this study to get information of various tolerance rice variety to submergence for 10 days and produce low CH4 emission. The research was conducted during the rainy season from March to July 2019 at Jakenan Experimental Station of Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Jaken District, Pati Regency, Central Java. The study used randomized block design with 4 rice varieties (Ciherang, Inpara 2, Inpara 5 and Inpago 8) and 3 replications. The observed parameters were number of tillers, plant height, yield component, grain yield and CH4 emission. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test 5%. The result showed the Inpago 8 was a variety that resistant to the submergence condition and resulted index of yield emission around 1.09. Inpago 8 produced low CH4 emissions and high grain yield.
Adaptation to climate change by using drought tolerant and early maturing rice varieties in Majalengka Regency
Authors: Noviana I , Haryati Y , Sari R , Sunandar N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
One of the efforts to anticipate the impact of climate change on rice is the introduction of new high yielding and early maturing varieties tolerant drought. The aim of this study was to examine the growth performance and potential production of several early maturing and drought tolerant rice varieties in lowland on dry season. The assessment was conducted in Majalengka regency from June to September 2019. Five varieties used were Inpari 39, Cakrabuana, Inpago 11, Rindang 1, and Luhur 1 with through application of Controlled Aerobic Rice based on Organic matter Technology (CARO). Variables observed including plant height and number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, percent of empty grains, and also weight of 1,000 grains. The observations results showed that five tested rice varieties showed good adaptation responses to drought stress with average productivity of around 6 to 7 t ha−1. Cakrabuana was potentially to be developed in dry season under drought stress due to its high yield potential and early maturing (85 days after planting). The early maturing and high yielding varieties in the dry season in lowland can be used as an alternative technology to increase the cropping index (CI) and rice production.