bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counting the Dead: 17 Million Vertebrates Directly Killed by the 2020’s Wildfires in the Pantanal Wetland, Brazil
Authors: Tomas Walfrido Moraes , Berlinck Christian Niel , Chiaravalloti Rafael Morais , Faggioni Gabriel Paganini , Strussmann Christine , Libonati Renata , Abrahão Carlos Roberto , Alvarenga Gabriela do Valle , Bacellar Ana Elisa de Faria , Batista Flávia Regina de Queiroz , Bornato Thainan Silva , Camilo André Restel , Castedo Judite , Fernando Adriana Maria Espinóza , de Freitas Gabriel Oliveira , Garcia Carolina Martins , Gonçalves Henrique Santos , Guilherme Mariella Butti de Freitas , Layme Viviane Maria Guedes , Lustosa Ana Paula Gomes , de Oliveira Aílton Carneiro , Oliveira Maxwell da Rosa , Pereira Alexandre de Matos Martins , Rodrigues Julia Abrantes , Semedo Thiago Borges Fernandes , de Souza Rafael Augusto Ducel , Tortato Fernando Rodrigo , Viana Diego Francis Passos , Vicente-Silva Luciana , Morato Ronaldo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Anthropogenic factors have significantly influenced the frequency, duration, and intensity of meteorological drought in many regions of the globe, and the increased frequency of wildfires is among the most visible consequences of human-induced climate change. Despite its role in determining biodiversity outcomes in different ecosystems, wildfires can cause negative impacts on wildlife. We conducted ground surveys along line transects to estimate the first-order impact of the 2020 wildfires on vertebrates in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil. We adopted the distance sampling technique to estimate the densities and the number of dead vertebrates in the 39,030 square kilometers affected by fire. Our estimates indicate that at least 16.952 million vertebrates were killed immediately by the fires in the Pantanal, demonstrating the impact of such an event in wet savanna ecosystems. The Pantanal case also reminds us that the cumulative impact of widespread burning would be catastrophic, as fire recurrence may lead to the impoverishment of ecosystems and the disruption of their functioning. To overcome this unsustainable scenario, it is necessary to establish proper biomass fuel management to avoid cumulative impacts caused by fire over biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Quantitative Evaluation of Retinal Microvasculature and Retrobulbar Vessels After Intravenous Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma
Authors: Yi Xiuqian , Sun Jie , Qian Jiang , Guo Jie , Xue Kang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Backgroud
: To evaluate the changes in retinal microvasculature and retrobulbar blood flow, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and Color Doppler imaging (CDI) after intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) in patients with retinoblastoma (RB).
Methods
This was a retrospective comparative case control series involving 30 patients. Ten bilateral RB patients that had a preserved eye with extramacular tumours (group I), 10 unilateral RB treated with IVC that had a normal fellow study eye (group II), and 10 age-matched healthy controls. The macular retinal thickness, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and the macular and peripapillary retinal vessel densities (RVD) were measured. The peak systolic and end diastolic velocities of the ophthalmic, central retinal and posterior ciliary arteries were determined. A comparison among the three groups was conducted.
Results
Between the three cohorts, OCTA revealed no significant difference in FAZ area, superficial foveal and parafoveal RVD, deep parafoveal RVD and peripapillary RVD, (P ༞ 0.05). By contrast, the mean deep foveal RVD, the full, inner and outer foveal and the parafoveal retinal thickness were significantly lower in group I compared with the controls, (P = 0.046, 0.020, 0.041, 0.044, 0.028). No significant difference in the blood flow velocities occurred in the retrobulbar circulation (P ༞ 0.05).
Conclusions
In patients with retinoblastoma, OCTA did not detect significant changes of retinal thickness and vessel density in the eyes treated with IVC, but a slight reduction in retinal thickness and the deep foveal RVD seemed to occur in bilateral RB eyes. The retrobulbar blood flow parameters showed no measurable changes.
A Quantitative Exploration of Continuous Vaccination of the COVID-19 Vaccine: an Empirical Study From China
Authors: Zhu Wenlong , Zou Hao , Song Ying , Xu Yingjie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Vaccination for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides an effective approach for the general improvement of social safety and individual health. However, to date, few studies have analyzed the continuous vaccination for COVID-19 vaccine and its impact process. This research explores factors that theoretically affect the public’s continuous vaccination for COVID-19 vaccine at every stage and constructs a theoretical model to analyze the entire impact process of continuous vaccination based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Model, the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) and the vaccine hesitancy (VH) theory.Methods: The respondents in this study were individuals in China who have been vaccinated. In addition, structural equation modeling technology was used to analyze the influence of factors on the continuous vaccination for COVID-19 vaccine and the whole impact process.Results: First, perceived efficacy has a positive significant impact on vaccination intention, but the positive effects of outcome expectancy and risk perception on vaccination intention are not significant. Second, social positive cues have a positive significant influence on vaccination intention. Third, VH has a negative significant influence on vaccination intention. Four, vaccination behavior produces a positive significant effect on perceived usefulness and satisfaction, respectively. Five, perceived usefulness exerted a positive significant impact on satisfaction and continuous vaccination, respectively. Six, satisfaction has no positive significant influence on continuous vaccination.Conclusions: Our theoretical model, which is the main contribution of this research, indicates that individual continuous vaccination is a process from motivation to intention, and from intention to behavior, and then from behavior to continuous behavior.
Modelling and 3D simulations of the dispersion of droplets and drops carrying the SARS-CoV-2 virus inside semi-confined ventilated spaces – Application to a public railway transport coach
Authors: ARMAND Patrick , TACHE Jérémie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and 3D simulations of the air flow and dispersion of droplets or drops in semi-confined ventilated spaces have found topical applications with the unfortunate development of the Covid-19 pandemic. As an illustration of this scenario, we have considered the specific situation of a railroad coach containing a seated passenger infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus (and not wearing a face mask) who, by breathing and coughing, releases droplets and drops that contain the virus and that present aerodynamic diameters between 1 and 1,000 µm. The air flow is generated by the ventilation in the rail coach. While essentially 3D, the flow is directed from the bottom to the top of the carriage and comprises large to small eddies visualised by means of streamlines. The space and time distribution of the droplets and drops is computed using both an Eulerian model and a Lagrangian model. The results of the two modelling approaches are fully consistent and clearly illustrate the different behaviours of the drops, which fall down close to the infected passenger, and the droplets, which are carried along with the air flow and invade a large portion of the rail coach. This outcome is physically sound and demonstrates the relevance of CFD for simulating the transport and dispersion of droplets and drops with any diameter in enclosed ventilated spaces. As coughing produces drops and breathing produces droplets, both modes of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human secretions have been accounted for in our 3D numerical study. Following these initial results, physical and biological modelling will be extended to the mass transfer between the droplets and the ambient air and to the fate of the virus throughout its transport and dispersion in droplets or drops. Furthermore, a model will be developed to take into account the influence of a face mask on the production of droplets and drops. Beyond the specific, practical application of the rail coach, this study offers a much broader scope by demonstrating the feasibility and usefulness of 3D numerical simulations based on CFD. As a matter of fact, the same computational approach that has been implemented in our study can be applied to a huge variety of ventilated indoor environments such as restaurants, performance halls, classrooms and open-plan offices in order to evaluate if their occupation could be critical with respect to the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus or to other airborne respiratory infectious agents, thereby enabling relevant recommendations to be made.
Research on the Deviation Sensing of V-groove Weld Seam based on a Novel Two Channel Acoustic Sensor
Authors: Gao Yanfeng , Xiao Jianhua , Xiong Genliang , Zhang Hua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is essential to sense the deviation of weld seam real-timely in robotic welding process. However, welding process always accompanied with high temperature, strong arc light and background noises, which significantly affects the application of sensors. In this study, a novel acoustic sensor was developed. This sensor consists of two microphones. Based on the sound signals collected by these two microphones, the deviation of weld seam was detected. The frequency response of the developed acoustic sensor was studied through simulation method firstly, and then the sensing performance of it was analyzed with experiments. The experimental results show that the developed acoustic sensor has a linear property for the deviation detection of V-groove weld seam. This research provides a novel method for weld seam tracking.
Research of the Measurement of Patent-intensive Industry Technology Lock-in from the Perspective of TML
Authors: Yang Wu , Sun Shiqiang , Gao Tengfei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

As the core industry of technological innovation capabilities, patent-intensive industries, cultivating their rapid development is conducive to breaking the "technological lock-in" and realizing my country's independent innovation in the core technology field. Based on the INNOJOY patent database, the wireless communication network patent was selected as the research object, and the subjective and objective weighting method and the growth rate cycle index synthesis method were used to measure the technical lock-in from the perspective of TML. The study found: (1) The technology lock-in index of the United States, Japan, and South Korea generally shows an upward trend, while the technology lock-in index of China has a trend of declining volatility, and the United States has the highest degree of lock-in in the field of wireless communication network technology, ranking first. Japan is in the second position, South Korea is in the third position, and China is in the fourth position; (2) The six core technologies identified belong to American companies. The public years are concentrated in 2017 and 2019, and the technical field is concentrated in H04W72/04 ( The same data transmission method and user equipment), H04W72/08 (signaling for proximity service and D2D discovery in LTE networks), and H04L1/00 (method to support channel allocation information for uplink and downlink channels) And these three core patents show that the current three core technologies are cutting-edge technologies in the field of wireless communication networks.
Poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) Modification Mitigates Plasma Protein Corona Formation on Phosphomolybdate-based Nanoparticles
Authors: Yu Youyi , Ghalandari Behafarid , Shen Guangxia , Wang Liping , Liu Xiao , Wang Aiting , Li Sijie , Xie Haiyang , Ding Xianting 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Phosphomolybdate-based nanoparticles (PMo12-based NPs) have been commonly applied in nanomedicine. However, upon contact with biofluids, proteins are quickly adsorbed onto the NPs surface to form a protein corona, which induces the opsonization and facilitates the rapid clearance of the NPs by macrophage uptake. Herein, we introduce a family of structurally homologous PMo12-based NPs (CDS-PMo12@PVPx(x = 0 ~ 1) NPs) capping diverse content of zwitterionic polymer poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) to regulate the protein corona formation on PMo12-based NPs. The fluorescence quenching data indicate that the introduction of PVP effectively reduces the number of binding sites of proteins on PMo12-based NPs. Molecular docking simulations results show that the contact surface area and binding energy of proteins to CDS-PMo12@PVP1 NPs are smaller than the CDS-PMo12@PVP0 NPs. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is further applied to analyze and quantify the compositions of the human plasma corona formation on CDS-PMo12@PVPx(x = 0 ~ 1) NPs. The number of plasma protein groups adsorption on CDS-PMo12@PVP1 NPs, compared to CDS-PMo12@PVP0 NPs, decreases from 372 to 271. In addition, 76 differentially adsorption proteins are identified between CDS-PMo12@PVP0 and CDS-PMo12@PVP1 NPs, in which apolipoprotein is up-regulated in CDS-PMo12@PVP1 NPs. The apolipoprotein adsorption onto the NPs is proposed to have dysoponic activity and enhance the circulation time of NPs. Our findings demonstrate that PVP grafting on PMo12-based NPs is a promising strategy to improve the anti-biofouling property for PMo12-based nanodrug design.
Development and Psychometric Properties of Cognitive Appraisals of Health Situation Scale In Persons with Spinal Cord Injury Due To Traumatic Incidents In Iran
Authors: Shabany Maryam , Ghodsi Seyed Mohammad , Arejan Roya Habibi , Tabrizi Reza , Saberi Parastoo , Baigi Vali , Ghodsi Zahra , Rakhshani Fatemeh , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Vaccaro Alex R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Study Design: Development and psychometrics study Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of a new version of cognitive appraisals of health situation scale in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (CAHSSTSCI) in the Persian language for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI).Setting: The persons were selected from National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR) and Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research center (BASIR).Method: This was a mixed sequential exploratory study that performed in two phases. In the qualitative phase, a systematic scoping review and 12 interviews with the participants were done. Finally, items were generated. In the quantitative phase, to evaluate the validity; face, content, construct and convergent validity were assessed. To evaluate construct validity, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 305 persons with TSCI, and also the reliability was examined by internal consistency and stability assessment. All quantitative data analyses were conducted using SPSS 20 software.Results: The content validity and reliability were indicated by Scale’s Content Validity Ratio (S-CVR) = 0.73 and Scale’s Content Validity Index (S-CVI) = 0.86, Cronbach’s α = 0.9 and the Test re-test reliability using intra-class correlations were (ICC) = 0.97 to 0.98. Exploratory factor analysis determined eight factors which showed more than 52% of the variance. CAHSSTSCI had a significant and strong correlation with Appraisals of DisAbility Primary and Secondary Scale (ADAPSS) (r=0.475, P < 0.001).Conclusion: Results showed the 36 items CAHSSTSCI tool had an acceptable validity and reliability in Iran and it can help health care providers or even administrators to improve the quality of the rehabilitation services and quality of life through design training programs for SCI people due to traumatic incidents.
Optimization in the Expression of ASFV Proteins for the Development of Subunit Vaccines Using Poxviruses As Delivery Vectors.
Authors: Lopera-Madrid Jaime , Medina-Magües Lex , Gladue Douglas P. , Borca Manuel V. , Osorio Jorge E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease that affects domestic pig and Eurasian wild boar populations. To date, no safe and efficacious treatment or vaccine against ASF is available. Nevertheless, there are several reports of protection elicited by experimental vaccines based on live attenuated ASFV and some levels of protection and reduced viremia in other approaches such as DNA, adenovirus, baculovirus, and vaccinia-based vaccines. Current ASF subunit vaccine research focuses mainly on delivering protective antigens and antigen discovery within the ASFV genome. However, due to the complex nature of ASFV, expression vectors need to be optimized to improve their immunogenicity. ﻿Therefore, in the present study, we constructed several recombinant MVA vectors to evaluate the efficiency of different promoters and secretory signal sequences in the expression and immunogenicity of the p30 protein from ASFV. Overall, the natural poxvirus PrMVA13.5L promoter induced high levels of both p30 mRNA and specific anti-p30 antibodies in mice. In contrast, the synthetic PrS5E promoter and the S E/L promoter linked to a secretory signal showed lower mRNA levels and antibodies. These findings indicate that promoter selection may be as crucial as the antigen used to develop ASFV subunit vaccines using MVA as the delivery vector.
Partial-limit Solutions and Rational Solutions with Parameter for the Fokas-Lenells Equation
Authors: Wu Hua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A partial-limit procedure is applied to soliton solutions of the Fokas-Lenells equation. Multiple-pole solutions related to real repeated eigenvalues are obtained. For the envelop | u | 2 , the simplest solution corresponds to a real double eigenvalue, showing a solitary wave with algebraic decay. Two such solitons allow elastic scattering but asymptotically with zero phase shift. Single eigenvalue with higher multiplicity gives rise to rational solutions which contain an intrinsic parameter, live on a zero background, and have slowly-changing amplitudes.
A fast L1 adaptive constrained back-stepping controller using barrier Lyapunov function for anuncertain submersible vehicle
Authors: Ahmadian Hossein , Arefi Mehdi , Khayatian Alireza , Montazeri Allahyar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new L1 adaptive back-stepping controller based on the barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is proposed to respect the position and velocity constraints usually imposed in designing Euler-Lagrange systems. The purpose of this investigation is to improve different aspects of a conventional L1 adaptive control. More specifically, the modified controller has a lower complexity by removing the low-pass filter from the design procedure. The performance of the controller is also enhanced by having a faster convergence speed and increased robustness against nonlinear uncertainties and disturbances arising in practical applications. The proposed scheme is evaluated on two different Euler-Lagrange systems, i.e. a 6-DOF remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and a single-link manipulator. The results for the new back-stepping design are assessed in both scenarios in terms of settling time, percentage of overshoot, and trajectory tracking error. The results confirm that both tracking and state estimation errors for position and velocity outputs outperform the standard L1 adaptive control technique. The results also demonstrate the high performance of the proposed approach in removing the matched nonlinear time-varying disturbances and dynamic uncertainties and a good trajectory tracking despite the uncertainty on the input gain of the system.
Blood and Milk Beta-Hydroxybutyric Acid Concentrations and Association of Subclinical Ketosis With Postpartum Health Disorders, Culling Rate, Body Condition Score, Parity and Milk Production in Holstein, Simmental, Montbeliard and Holstein-Crossbreed
Authors: AKSOY KEMAL , DENİZ Abdülkerim , DEMİR Serdar , ONMAZ Ali Cesur 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A total of 300 dairy cows were randomly enrolled from 11 dairy farms in Turkey. The beta-hydroxybutyric acid concentration (BAC) was tested in the blood (BBAC) and individual milk (MBAC) samples at postpartum week 2 (PPW2) and week 4 (PPW4) for the detection of subclinical ketosis (SCK) in Holstein, Montbeliard, Simmental and Holstein-Crossbred (HC; only BBAC). The prevalence of BSCK (BBAC ≥ 1.2 mmol/L), MSCK1 (MBAC = 100 µmol/L), MSCK2 (MBAC ≥ 200 µmol/L) and MSCK1/2 (≥ 100 µmol/L) was 8.3, 11.8, 5.8 and 17.3% at PPW2 and 4.7, 4.9, 6.9 and 11.9% at PPW4 in Holstein respectively. SCK was not observed in Simmental and HC. The prevalence of BSCK and MSCK1 at PPW2 were 4.3 and 43.5% in Montbeliard respectively. Primiparous Montbeliard and Holstein had significantly higher MBAC at PPW2 than PPW4. Overall, HC and Montbeliard had significantly lower BBAC. Cows having body condition scores 2 and 4 at calving had higher MBAC at PPW2 and 4 that was associated significantly with metritis and multiple diseases. Holstein with BCS4 at calving had higher BBAC at PPW2 and 4. Holstein with SCK was more likely to develop postpartum metabolic health disorders (PPHD) in 90 days in milk (90DIM). MSCK1 did not associate milk production loss in Montbeliard and Holstein. Holstein with both BSCK and MSCK2 at PPW2 had a 6.7 kg average daily milk yield loss in 90DIM. Conclusively, SCK was not observed in Simmental and HC, and MSCK1 didn’t cause PPHD and milk yield loss in Montbeliard. BSCK and MSCK2 created a significant risk for PPHD and milk production loss in Holstein.
Identification and Validation of Serum Autoantibodies in Children with B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Serological Proteome Analysis
Authors: Yu Runhong , Yang Shiwei , Liu Yufeng , Zhu Zunmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Study was by intention to screen serum autoantibodies that may contribute to the early detection of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in children.Patients and methods: The total protein from three pooled B-ALL cell lines(NALM-6, REH and BALL-1 cells) was separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE), which was followed by Western blot by mixed serum from B-ALL patients (n=20) or healthy children(n=20). We obtained and analyzed the images of 2-D gel and Western blot by PDQuest software,and then identify the spots of immune responses in B-ALL samples compared with those in control samples.The proteins from spots were identified using mass spectrometry (MS). The autoantibodies against α-enolase and voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1(VDAC1) were further validated on the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The protein expression levels of the candidate antigens α-enolase and VDAC1 in B-ALL were thoroughly studied by immunohistochemical analysis.Results: Six protein dots were identified with MS as Aconitase,apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF),dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD), α-enolase,medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase(MCAD) and VDAC 1.The frequencies of autoantibodies against α-enolase and VDAC1 in children with B-ALL were 27% and 23%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in normal controls(4% and 0). Immunohistochemical analysis showed the expression of α-enolase and VDAC1 was positive in 95% and 85% of B-ALL patients, respectively, but negative expression levels were showed in the control group. Conclusion: This study incidates that α-enolase and VDAC1 may be the antigen associated with B-ALL .α-enolase and VDAC1 autoantibodies may develop into potential serological markers of B-ALL in children.Other proteins also need to be confirmed in a large number of serum samples.