bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Fresh and Hardened Properties of High-Strength Concrete Including Closed Steel Fibres
Authors: Al-Qutaifi Sarah , Bagheri Ali 
Published: May 2021

Background:
The tensile strength of the plain concrete is weak. Thus, fibres are embedded in concrete to improve its ductility. However, pulling out steel fibres from concrete structures is one of the most encountered issues in the fiber-reinforced concrete, which hinders using their maximum capacities.

Objectives:
Thus, closed steel fibres (square shape) were incorporated into concrete mixes to evaluate their impacts against the pulling-out effects and assess the feasibility of applying Closed Steel Fibres (CSFs) on the fresh and hardened concrete properties. Hooked end and straight steel fibres were also investigated for comparison.

Methods:
The utilized steel fibres were incorporated with lengths of 20, 30, and 40 mm, and volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%. Silica Fume (SF) was involved in the fibre-reinforced concrete mixtures at 7% of the cement weight.

Results:
Paper outcomes stated that the inclusion of steel fibres involved different impacts on the concrete compressive strength depending on the applied fibre geometries and content.

Conclusion:

CSFs exhibited better performance against the pulling-out effect from the surrounding concrete structure than those of hooked end and straight steel fibres. However, the addition of CSFs has increased the concrete permeability due to their poor space-filling capacity.
A Change Talk Model for Abstinence Based on Web-Based Anonymous Gambler Chat Meeting Data by Using an Automatic Change Talk Classifier: Development Study
Authors: Yokotani Kenji 
Published: May 2021

Background
Change and sustain talks (negative and positive comments) on gambling have been relevant for determining gamblers’ outcomes but they have not been used to clarify the abstinence process in anonymous gambler meetings.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop a change talk model for abstinence based on data extracted from web-based anonymous gambler chat meetings by using an automatic change talk classifier.

Methods
This study used registry data from the internet. The author accessed web-based anonymous gambler chat meetings in Japan and sampled 1.63 million utterances (two-sentence texts) from 267 abstinent gamblers who have remained abstinent for at least three years and 1625 nonabstinent gamblers. The change talk classifier in this study automatically classified gamblers’ utterances into change and sustain talks.

Results
Abstinent gamblers showed higher proportions of change talks and lower probability of sustain talks compared with nonabstinent gamblers. The change talk model for abstinence, involving change and sustain talks, classified abstinent and nonabstinent gamblers through the use of a support vector machine with a radial basis kernel function. The model also indicated individual evaluation scores for abstinence and the ideal proportion of change talks for all participants according to their previous utterances.

Conclusions
Abstinence likelihood among gamblers can be increased by providing personalized evaluation values and indicating the optimal proportion of change talks. Moreover, this may help to prevent severe mental, social, and financial problems caused by the gambling disorder.
Status Quo and Research Trends of Neurosurgical Departments in China: Bibliometric and Scientometric Analyses
Authors: Ni Bowen , He Minyi , Cao Bei , He Jianmin , Liu Yawei , Zhao Zhen 
Published: May 2021

Background
Modern neurosurgery is a relatively young discipline characterized by finesse and complexity. In recent years, neurosurgery in China has made continuous developments, with long-term progress and outstanding discoveries in many aspects of the field.

Objective
This scientometric investigation aimed to comprehensively provide insight into the development trends of neurosurgery in China, to demonstrate how the field has evolved.

Methods
PubMed database was searched to retrieve relevant papers published between 1988 and 2018 from neurosurgery institutions in China. The database of the National Natural Science Foundation of China was also retrieved for funding information. Information (eg, year of publication, journal, institute of origin) and keywords were collected from each paper after removing duplicates and filtering unintentional words. Co-word analysis was performed on the papers’ keywords, and a time distribution matrix of coexisting keywords in a given paper (ie, termed co-words) was established. Co-words were clustered according to their growth rate within years and visually presented with a mountain plot and a heatmap. Trends and potential subspecialties were identified, and each topic, represented either by a co-word from publications or funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China during the period from 2011 to 2018, was collected and analyzed.

Results
Within 15,972 publications on neurosurgery from institutions in China, diagnostic image was found to coexist the most with other keywords. Cluster 0, represented by diagnostic image with retrospective study, contained emerging topics with great developmental potential and demonstrated high growth rates in recent years. This finding suggests that the topics represented in Cluster 0 may represent future areas of important neurosurgical research. We also found that the developmental trend of China’s neurosurgical research is highly correlated with National Natural Science Foundation of China funding acquisition.

Conclusions
Co-word analysis and visualization results provided insight into the emerging research topics that are of vital importance, which can be used as a reference by neurosurgeons and researchers for future investigations. In this study, our analysis strategy based on co-word biclustering was able to clearly demonstrate current academic subject development; therefore, co-word biclustering is a reliable bibliometric analysis strategy.
IMPURITY PROFILING OF FIRST LINE ANTI-TB DRUG-TERIZIDONE USING CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND RELATED TECHNIQUES
Authors: PRAGATI J. VANAVI  , RAJPUT SADHANA J. 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the stability of TRZ against different stressors and to prepare impurity profile for potential impurities and degradation products (DPs) formed under stress degradation of TRZ bulk drug and formulation.
Methods: Three analytical methods were developed; the stability-indicating method that was developed using HPLC instrument with 0.01M ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4.0 using glacial acetic acid (GAA)) and acetonitrile in gradient program. The second method was a UPLC/ESI-MS method using 0.1 % Formic acid in Milli Q water (pH= 2.70) and 0.1%Formic acid in Milli Q water: Acetonitrile (10:90) in gradient program for identification of TRZ and DPs while the third, preparative HPLC method was used for isolation of impurities using (A) 0.05% ammonia (NH3) in water and (B) Acetonitrile+20% mobile phase A in gradient sequence. Gradient sequences are described in the main text.
Results: The analytical method for stability study was developed and validated using ICH (Q2) R1 guidelines. The result of stability study by stress degradation showed that TRZ was susceptible to degradation in acid (7 DPs), alkaline, neutral (9 DPs) and oxidative conditions (10 DPs); major DPs were identified (where it was possible) and the chemical structure was elucidated by combining the data of ESI/MS, NMR and/or Tandem MS. The Impurity profiling was completed by reporting all the DPs, either major or minor for TRZ bulk drug and formulation.
Conclusion: The complete Impurity profiling for TRZ is reported for the first time in literature. The study data would be add-on for formulation storage condition and further development.
QUANTITATION OF METFORMIN IN URINE BY RP-HPLC METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION IN PHARMACOKINETICS
Authors: Y. MARY REBECCA , V. SUDHA , A. VIJAYAKUMAR , A. K. HEMANTH KUMAR 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To develop and validate an easy and sensitive HPLC method for quantitation of metformin in urine.
Methods: The technique involved deproteinisation of urine sample with methanol and analysis of the supernatant the usage of Zorbax 300–SCX, 4.6 X 150 mm ID, 5 µm particle size and UV detection at a wavelength of 233 nm.
Results: The assay was specific for metformin and linear from 1.25 to 50.0μg/ml. The relative standard deviation of intra-and inter-day assays was lesser than 7%. The recovery of metformin from urine ranged from 97-103%.
Conclusion: An easy and sensitive HPLC approach for quantitation of metformin in urine had been developed. Due to its simplicity in sample preparation and instrumentation, this technique can be used for pharmacokinetic studies of metformin in urine samples.
The agency of reformers in new European financial centres: A historically informed financial geography
Authors: Hashimoto Tom 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhile institutional frameworks are the dominant approach to analysing the geography of finance, this article focuses on how individual policymakers influence the characteristics of financial institutions and set, or even alter, financial centre development. The historical narratives from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) that this article presents reveal postsocialist reformers’ contrasting philosophies and approaches, despite their shared goals of market liberalisation and European integration. These reforms (or lack thereof) differentiated the securities markets in Warsaw, Prague, and Budapest, especially with respect to financial intermediary mechanisms. Although the legacies of such reforms continue to shape an uneven landscape of financial centres in CEE, this article proposes reformer-centred narratives as an alternative to deterministic institutional thinking. The article argues that historical narratives that foreground the actions and ideas of key policymakers need to be included in the observation framework of financial centre development, in a similar way to how scholars analyse foreign policy by focusing on the heads of governments and ministers.
Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Cerita Rakyat Asal-usul Upacara Bekakak di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Himawan Riswanda , Riefda Arya Kelana  , Satiaji Imam Maulana 
Published: May 2021

Abstrak
Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu apa saja nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam cerita rakyat Asal-Usul Upacara Bekakak di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam cerita rakyat Asal-Usul Kali Upacara Bekakak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik refrensial, refrensi yang digunakan adalah pendapat para ahli serta beberapa penelitian yang relevan dan lebih dahulu dilakukan dari penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan teknik catat, Penelitian ini menghasilkan data tertulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam cerita rakyat Asal-Usul Upacara Bekakak ini sangat penting diimplementasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter tersebut adalah; nilai karakter religius yang sangat erat hubunganya dengan Tuhan Yang Mah Esa, nilai karakter yang erat hubungannya dengan diri sendiri seperti tanggung jawab, setia, rajin dan nilai karakter yang erat hubungnnya dengan sesama seperti kasih sayang.

Kata kunci: Nilai Karakter; Dalam Cerita: Asal-Usul; Upacara Bekakak.
Analisis Nilai Moral Buku Baban Kana dan Pengembangannya Sebagai Bahan Ajar Cerpen Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Ayu Perempuan Fitri Ayu , Mulyaningsih Indrya , Khuzaemah Emah 
Published: May 2021

Pesatnya arus globalisasi memengaruhi kehidupan pelajar zaman sekarang, kenakalan yang terjadi menandakan bahwa moral pelajar Indonesia sedang krisis, begitupun dengan kehidupan pelajar yang lebih menyukai budaya asing dibandingkan budaya di daerahnya sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai moral yang terkandung dalam buku sejarah Cirebon yang belum banyak dikaji yaitu Baban Kana. Melihat berbagai kasus krisis moral yang terjadi pada pelajar, maka perlu adanya pengembangan bahan ajar berupa buku teks yang di dalamnya memuat nilai-nilai moral yang dapat dipelajari dan diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis isi atau content analysis, Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik Pustaka, Baca dan Catat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan terhadap buku Baban Kana karya KH. Zamzami Amin dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa nilai moral hubungan manusia dengan Tuhannya ditemukan 11 kutipan, nilai moral hubungan manusia dengan diri sendiri ditemukan 44 kutipan, nilai moral hubungan manusia dengan orang lain ditemukan 7 kutipan. Penelitian ini juga mengembangkan bahan ajar berupa buku teks yang berjudul Pembelajaran Cerpen Berkearifan Lokal untuk kelas XI SMA.
Kata kunci: Nilai Moral; Bahan Ajar; Kearifan Lokal
KEANEKARAGAMAN ARTHROPODA BERDASARKAN 3 ZONA PENCAHAYAAN DI GUA SARONGGE TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Hidayaturrohmah Nida , Hernawati Diana , Chaidir Diki Muhamad 
Published: May 2021

Gua Sarongge merupakan salah satu gua yang berada di Tasikmalaya tepatnya di Kecamatan Kawalu. Gua merupakan habitat dari berbagai hewan salah satunya Arthropoda, namun tidak semua Arthropoda dapat hidup pada kondisi gua dengan tingkat pencahayaan yang berda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis Arthropoda pada tiap zona yang berbeda di Gua Sarongge Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, teknik pengambilan data menggunakan 3 cara yaitu, Hand collecting, Pitfall trap dan Light trap. Teknik analisis data menggunakan 6 indeks ekologi diaintaranya indeks kepadatan, indeks dominansi, indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Weiner, indeks kekayaan jenis dan indeks keseragaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Arthropoda yang ditemukan pada zona terang 17 jenis, zona remang 15 jenis dan zona gelap 11 jenis. Indeks kepadatan paling tinggi berada pada zona terang sebesar 2,69 begitupun dengan Indeks dominansi dan indeks keanekaragamannya sebesar 0,19 dan 2,22. Untuk indeks kekayaan jenis paling tinggi berada pada zona remang sebesar 4,46 dan indeks kemerataan paling tinggi berada pada zona gelap sebesar 0.91. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa faktor abiotik khususnya cahaya matahari dapat berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan dan keberagaman Arthropoda pada setiap zona.Kata Kunci: Gua Sarongge; Arthropoda; Indeks Ekologi
Evaluación de la calidad y balance hídrico de la Microcuenca la Chachafruto parte baja de la subcuenca La Salazar del Municipio de Rionegro –Antioquia
Authors: De la hoz Cuesta Ledys Ximena 
Published: May 2021

El balance hídrico es una herramienta que permite estimar y determinar el comportamiento hidrológico, teniendo en cuenta el principio de conservación de masa (Rose, 2004; Essam, 2007), donde la diferencia entre las entradas y las salidas en el sistema deben reflejarse en un cambio en el almacenamiento de agua en el área de estudio, de modo, que brinda información de la capacidad de la oferta de la fuente y los meses en los que se tiene mayor o menor caudal en el sistema; la calidad de los cuerpos hídricos puede basarse en variables fisicoquímicas que reflejan condiciones puntuales y los macroinvertebrados acuáticos como bioindicadores de las condiciones existentes por períodos largos anteriores y posteriores de la toma de muestra. Este trabajo evaluó el balance hídrico de la fuente La Chachafruto a partir de variables meteorológicas como la precipitación, la temperatura y la evapotranspiración por el método de Thornthwait (Thornthwaite, Wilm, & otros, 1944) Los meses de mayor escorrentía superficial fueron Abril, mayo y octubre por la alta precipitación durante estos meses; y se acumula en los suelos limo arcilloso del área que se caracterizan por una permeabilidad moderada lo que permite almacenamiento de aguas para los períodos de sequía comprendidos entre Diciembre a Febrero, Se recolectaron 160 macroinvertebrados acuáticos, distribuidos en 15 familias entre las más representativas están: Chironomidae con 73 individuos, Haplotaxidae 31 individuos Physidae ,Elmidae, Hydrometridae con 28 individuos que según el índice BMWP/Col determinan fuentes muy contaminadas y los resultados del laboratorio de las variables fisicoquímicas con valores altos sólidos totales de 162 mg/L, conductividad 99,7 ms/cm, la turbiedad 81,5 UNT asociados a los vertimientos directos de aguas residuales domésticas
The Effects of Long‐Term Land‐Use Change on Soil Properties in Perth, Ontario Canada
Authors: Stephens Trina 
Published: May 2021

Land‐use change can have a major impact on soil properties, leading to long‐term changes in soilnutrient cycling rates and carbon storage. While a substantial amount of research has been conducted onland‐use change in tropical regions, empirical evidence of long‐term conversion of forested land toagricultural land in North America is lacking. Pervasive deforestation for the sake of agriculturethroughout much of North America is likely to have modified soil properties, with implications for theglobal climate. Here, we examined the response of physical, chemical and biological soil properties toconversion of forest to agricultural land (100 years ago) on Roebuck Farm near Perth, Ontario, Canada.Soil samples were collected at three sites from under forest and agricultural vegetative cover on bothhigh‐ and low‐lying topographic positions (12 locations in total; soil profile sampled to a depth of 40cm).Our results revealed that bulk density, pH, and nitrate concentrations were all higher in soils collectedfrom cultivate sites. In contrast, samples from forested sites exhibited greater water‐holding capacity,porosity, organic matter content, ammonia concentrations and cation exchange capacity. Many of these characteristics are linked to greater organic matter abundance and diversity in soils under forestvegetation as compared with agricultural soils. Microbial activity and Q10 values were also higher in theforest soils. While soil properties in the forest were fairly similar across topographic gradients, low‐lyingpositions under agricultural regions had higher bulk density and organic matter content than upslopepositions, suggesting significant movement of material along topographic gradients. Differences in soilproperties are attributed largely to increased compaction and loss of organic matter inputs in theagricultural system. Our results suggest that the conversion of forested land cover to agriculture landcover reduces soil quality and carbon storage, alters long‐term site productivity, and contributes toincreased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
Religion and Ecstasy in Seventeenth Century Italy
Authors: Babich Emilija 
Published: May 2021

In the seventeenth century, the supremacy of the Catholic Church was being threatened both by science and by the growth of Protestantism. Rome, as the only remaining centre for Catholicism, needed to reassert its authority and reclaim those who had lost their faith. As a result, religious artistic production of the seventeenth century took on a spectacular and theatrical character that sought to inspire awe and reverence in its audience. There was a renewed interest in depicting martyred saints, encouraging the laity to look upon them as models of Catholic piety who were willing to give their lives for the faith. However, there was also a growing cult of interest in the mystical aspects of Catholicism. Figures such as Saint Teresa of Avila, who experienced visions and ecstatic unions with Christ, encouraged a renewed interest in Catholicism and promoted a much more personal and private connection with Christ. Thispresentation will investigate the growing interest in and conceptions of martyrdom and religious ecstasy. In particular, it will examine Gianlorenzo Bernini’s sculptures of St. Lawrence, The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, and the Blessed Ludovica Albertoni, ultimately demonstrating that the two concepts were intimately related and, when depicted with the magnificence and splendour of the Baroque style, were powerful tools of propaganda for the Catholic Church.
ANALISIS INTERAKSI KERUANGAN DALAM MENDUKUNG OPTIMALISASI PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WILAYAH KEPULAUAN
Authors: Abdullah Nasrul , Syam Nur , Surur Fadhil 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze spatial interactions in supporting the development of regional potential in West Halmahera Regency, Tidore Islands City and Ternate City. Spatial interactions are very influential in the development of regional potential. Spatial interactions that occur through complementary processes, transferability and intervening opportunities then develop towards the establishment of cooperation systems between regions. This paper uses a combination of quantitative approaches. Data obtained through observation, surveys, and documentation. The accumulation of potentials and regional problems as the basis of the linkages in regional development. Spatial interaction development of dominant potential develops in Ternate City and the support of more adequate transportation facilities and infrastructure reconditions the position of Ternate City as a market area, Tidore Islands City and West Halmahera Regency as generating areas or potential areas. Spatial interactions that take place physically, economically and socially are more dominant towards Ternate City, and are reciprocal, showing disparity in services between cities and between regions within a single system of regional potential development in the Province Keywords: Interaction, Spatial, islands; Ternate City; West Halmahera; Tidore City; AbstrakInteraksi keruangan sangat berpengaruh dalam pengembangan potensi wilayah. Interaksi keruangan terjadi melalui proses komplementaris, transferabilitas dan intervening opportunities kemudian berkembang kearah pembentukan sistem kerja sama antar wilayah. Potensi wilayah di Provinsi Maluku Utara dapat dimaksimalkan dengan meningkatkan hubungan antarwilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi keruangan dalam mendukung pengembangan potensi wilayah pada Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, Kota Tidore Kepulauan dan Kota Ternate. Tulisan ini menggunakan gabungan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis LQ dan analisis gravitasi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, survai, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akumulasi potensi dan permasalahan wilayah sebagai dasar keterkaitan dalam pengembangan wilayah. Selanjutnya interaksi keruangan pengembangan potensi dominan berkembang pada Kota Ternate dan dukungan sarana dan prasarana transportasi yang lebih memadai merekondisi posisi Kota Ternate sebagai wilayah pasar, Kota Tidore Kepulauan dan Kabupaten Halmahera Barat sebagai wilayah pembangkit atau wilayah potensial. Interaksi keruangan yang berlangsung secara fisik, ekonomi dan sosial yang lebih dominan kearah Kota Ternate, dan bersifat timbal balik, menunjukkan disparitas pelayanan antarkota dan antarwilayah dalam satu kesatuan sistem pengembangan potensi wilayah di Provinsi