bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continual learning of neural networks for quality prediction in production using memory aware synapses and weight transfer
Authors: Tercan Hasan , Deibert Philipp , Meisen Tobias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDeep learning-based predictive quality enables manufacturing companies to make data-driven predictions of the quality of a produced product based on process data. A central challenge is that production processes are subject to continuous changes such as the manufacturing of new products, with the result that previously trained models may no longer perform well in the process. In this paper, we address this problem and propose a method for continual learning in such predictive quality scenarios. We therefore adapt and extend the memory-aware synapses approach to train an artificial neural network across different product variations. Our evaluation in a real-world regression problem in injection molding shows that the approach successfully prevents the neural network from forgetting of previous tasks and improves the training efficiency for new tasks. Moreover, by extending the approach with the transfer of network weights from similar previous tasks, we significantly improve its data efficiency and performance on sparse data. Our code is publicly available to reproduce our results and build upon them.
Gamblers’ Perception of the Playscan Risk Assessment: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Forsström David , Rozental Alexander , Wiklund Emma , Carlbring Per , Lindner Philip 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResponsible gambling (RG) tools are globally widespread; they aim to prevent or decrease the harm caused by gambling. However, existing research suggests that several included features do not decrease gambling or significantly reduce the subsequent harm. Most of the previous studies have used gambling data to understand the changes in gambling behavior. However, the literature lacks research regarding gamblers’ experience and perception of RG tools, which may provide insight into increasing the usage and effectiveness of RG tools. This mixed-methods study aimed to explore gamblers’ perception of their risk assessment in the RG tool Playscan regarding developing harmful gambling problems. Overall, 757 participants rated the perceived accuracy of their risk assessment and their perception of the overall RG tool that conducted the assessment. Participants were also allowed to leave a comment providing feedback, which was analyzed using thematic analysis. Quantitative data was analyzed using logistic regression and structural equation modeling. Qualitative analyses revealed that most of the participants were pleased with the risk assessment and found it helpful. Moderated mediation analysis showed that participants’ assessment agreement partially mediated the association between expressing a negative view and their general view of Playscan. These results highlight the need to decrease the level of disagreement for promoting a better general view of RG tools to potentially increase their usage and effectiveness.
Second Order Fully Semi-Lagrangian Discretizations of Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Systems
Authors: Bonaventura Luca , Calzola Elisa , Carlini Elisabetta , Ferretti Roberto 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose a second order, fully semi-Lagrangian method for the numerical solution of systems of advection-diffusion-reaction equations, which is based on a semi-Lagrangian approach to approximate in time both the advective and the diffusive terms. The proposed method allows to use large time steps, while avoiding the solution of large linear systems, which would be required by implicit time discretization techniques. Standard interpolation procedures are used for the space discretization on structured and unstructured meshes. A novel extrapolation technique is proposed to enforce second-order accurate Dirichlet boundary conditions. We include a theoretical analysis of the scheme, along with numerical experiments which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its superior efficiency with respect to more conventional explicit and implicit time discretizations.
The Global Convergence of the Nonlinear Power Method for Mixed-Subordinate Matrix Norms
Authors: Gautier Antoine , Hein Matthias , Tudisco Francesco 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe analyze the global convergence of the power iterates for the computation of a general mixed-subordinate matrix norm. We prove a new global convergence theorem for a class of entrywise nonnegative matrices that generalizes and improves a well-known results for mixed-subordinate $$\ell ^p$$

ℓ
p

matrix norms. In particular, exploiting the Birkoff–Hopf contraction ratio of nonnegative matrices, we obtain novel and explicit global convergence guarantees for a range of matrix norms whose computation has been recently proven to be NP-hard in the general case, including the case of mixed-subordinate norms induced by the vector norms made by the sum of different $$\ell ^p$$

ℓ
p

-norms of subsets of entries.
Insights on the Italian Seismic Network from location uncertainties
Authors: Scudero Salvatore , Marcocci Carlo , D’Alessandro Antonino 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProbabilistic earthquake locations provide confidence intervals for the hypocentre solutions such as errors encountered in the position, the origin time, and in magnitude. If the relationship of the parameters relative to the local arrangement of the seismic network is considered, such as the node distance, the number of stations, the seismic gap, and the quality of phase readings), the uncertainties can then provide insights on the location capability of the network. In this paper, we collect the earthquake data recorded from the Italian Seismic Network for a time span of 5 years. The data pertain to three different catalogues according to the progressive refinement phases of the location procedure: automatic location, revised location, and published location. By means of spatial analysis, we assess the distribution of the location-related and network-related estimators across the study area. These estimators are subsequently combined to assess the existence of spatial correlations at a local scale. The results indicate that the Italian network is generally able to provide robust locations at the national scale and for smaller earthquakes, and the elongated shape of Italy (and of its network) does not cause systematic bias in the locations. However, we highlight the existence of subregions in which the performance of the network is weaker. At present, a unique 2D, 3-layer velocity model is used for the earthquake location procedure, and this could represent the main limitation for the improvement of the locations. Therefore, the assessment of locally optimized velocity models is the priority for the homogenization and the improvement of the Italian Seismic Network performance.
A new measurement of the 122Sb half-life
Authors: D’Agostino G. , Di Luzio M. , Sharp N. E. , Oddone M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollowing significant discrepancies observed when decay-correcting 122Sb γ-peak count rates to a reference time, we looked at the literature supporting the presently recommended 2.7238(2) d (1σ) 122Sb half-life value as the source of these discrepancies. Investigation revealed that the value was derived from an inconsistent dataset and was published without reporting details of the experiment nor the uncertainty budget. In this work we performed a new measurement of the 122Sb half-life by measuring the 122Sb decay of neutron-activated antimony samples using state-of-the-art γ-detection systems characterized in terms of efficiency drift and random pulse pile-up. The measurement was carried out in two different laboratories with the same method. The resulting 2.69454(39) d and 2.69388(30) d (1σ) 122Sb half-life values are in agreement at the evaluated 10–4 relative combined standard uncertainty level but are significantly lower (1.07% and 1.10% lower, respectively) than the preexisting recommended value.
Finding shared solutions in landscape or natural resource management through social learning: A quasi-experimental evaluation in an Alpine region
Authors: Buchecker Matthias , Fankhauser Marius , Gaus Raphael 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Context
The implementation of landscape-management decisions is often blocked because actors disagree in their perception of the problem at hand. These conflicts can be explained with the concept of problem framing, which argues that actors’ problem perspectives are shaped by their interests. Recent literature suggests that social learning through deliberative processes among actors enables shared solutions to complex landscape-management conflicts.

Methods
To examine these assumptions, a participatory process on integrated water-resource-management in a Swiss Alpine region was systematically evaluated using a quasi-experimental intervention-research design. The involved actors’ problem perspectives were elicited before and after the participatory processes using qualitative interviews and standardized questionnaires. Furthermore, a standardized survey was sent to a sample of regional residents (N = 2000) after the participatory process to measure the diffusion of actors’ social learning to the wider public.

Results
The data analysis provided systematic evidence that a convergence of involved actors’ problem perspectives, which were found to differ considerably before the intervention, had taken place during the participatory process. Furthermore, it determined diffusion effects of actors’ social learning to the wider public in terms of its attitude towards participatory regional planning.

Conclusions
The findings confirm the expected mechanism of social learning through deliberative processes and demonstrate it as a promising approach to implementing landscape-management decisions successfully. The catalyzing role of shared interests among actors suggests that landscape-management decisions should be implemented by participatory integrated planning on the regional level, which would require a new, strategic role of regional institutions.
Twisted submanifolds of $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$
Authors: Fiore Gaetano , Weber Thomas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose a general procedure to construct noncommutative deformations of an embedded submanifold M of $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

determined by a set of smooth equations $$f^a(x)=0$$

f
a

(
x
)

=
0

. We use the framework of Drinfel’d twist deformation of differential geometry of Aschieri et al. (Class Quantum Gravity 23:1883, 2006); the commutative pointwise product is replaced by a (generally noncommutative) $$\star $$
⋆
-product determined by a Drinfel’d twist. The twists we employ are based on the Lie algebra $$\Xi _t$$

Ξ
t

of vector fields that are tangent to all the submanifolds that are level sets of the $$f^a$$

f
a

(tangent infinitesimal diffeomorphisms); the twisted Cartan calculus is automatically equivariant under twisted $$\Xi _t$$

Ξ
t

. We can consistently project a connection from the twisted $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

to the twisted M if the twist is based on a suitable Lie subalgebra $${\mathfrak {e}}\subset \Xi _t$$

e
⊂

Ξ
t

. If we endow $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

with a metric, then twisting and projecting to the normal and tangent vector fields commute, and we can project the Levi–Civita connection consistently to the twisted M, provided the twist is based on the Lie subalgebra $${\mathfrak {k}}\subset {\mathfrak {e}}$$

k
⊂
e

of the Killing vector fields of the metric; a twisted Gauss theorem follows, in particular. Twisted algebraic manifolds can be characterized in terms of generators and $$\star $$
⋆
-polynomial relations. We present in some detail twisted cylinders embedded in twisted Euclidean $${\mathbb {R}}^3$$

R

3

and twisted hyperboloids embedded in twisted Minkowski $${\mathbb {R}}^3$$

R

3

[these are twisted (anti-)de Sitter spaces $$dS_2,AdS_2$$

d

S
2

,
A
d

S
2

].
Setting the story straight: fictionalism about grounding
Authors: Thompson Naomi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper explores a middle way between realism and eliminativism about grounding. Grounding-talk is intelligible and useful, but it fails to pick out grounding relations that exist or obtain in reality. Instead, grounding-talk allows us to convey facts about what metaphysically explains what, and about the worldly dependence relations that give rise to those explanations.
Bounds for the generalized Marcum function of the second kind
Authors: Baricz Árpád , Bisht Nitin , Singh Sanjeev , Vijesh V. Antony 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the generalized Marcum function of the second kind of order$$\nu >0$$ν>0, defined by$$\begin{aligned} R_{\nu }(a,b)=\frac{c_{a,\nu }}{a^{\nu -1}} \int _b ^ {\infty } t^{\nu } e^{-\frac{t^2+a^2}{2}}K_{\nu -1}(at)\mathrm{d}t, \end{aligned}$$Rν(a,b)=ca,νaν-1∫b∞tνe-t2+a22Kν-1(at)dt,where$$a>0, b\ge 0,$$a>0,b≥0,$$K_{\nu }$$Kνstands for the modified Bessel function of the second kind, and$$c_{a,\nu }$$ca,νis a constant depending onaand$$\nu $$νsuch that$$R_{\nu }(a,0)=1.$$Rν(a,0)=1.Our aim is to find some new tight bounds for the generalized Marcum function of the second kind and compare them with the existing bounds. In order to deduce these bounds, we include the monotonicity properties of various functions containing modified Bessel functions of the second kind as our main tools. Moreover, we demonstrate that our bounds in some sense are the best possible ones.
An absorptive capacity-based systems view of Covid-19 in the small business economy
Authors: Caiazza Rosa , Phan Phillip , Lehmann Erik , Etzkowitz Henry 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccording to Johns Hopkins University, by December 2020, more than 78 million SARS-COV-2 (Covid-19) cases have been reported with more than 1.7 million deaths, out of which more than 300 thousand were in the U.S. alone. No country on earth has been untouched by the preemptive creation of a global recession to combat a global disease. Covid-19 has disrupted supply chains, consumption patterns, and business models in a multitude of industries which include a large share of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). SMEs account for the largest share of employment in market-based economies so any discussion of the economic impact of Covid-19 is incomplete without the SME sector. The purpose of this paper is to explore a systems perspective of the Covid-19 pandemic using the absorptive capacity construct.
MRI, CT and FDG-PET/CT findings of Wolffian tumor: four-case series
Authors: Ito Hisataka , Koyama Takashi , Kanie Yuichiro , Morioka Kozue , Nakaya Moto , Mitsumori Akihito , Kageyama Sakiko , Kusakabe Masashi , Kuriyama Kaori 
Published: June 2021

Abstarct
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristic MRI, CT, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) findings of Wolffian tumor.

Methods
We reviewed preoperative images in four surgical cases of Wolffian tumor. MRI was available for review in all cases with additional diffusion-weighted images (DWI) in three, and contrast-enhanced images in two. CT was available in three. FDG-PET/CT was obtained in two.

Results
Two patients were asymptomatic, while the other two presented with acute abdomen. On MRI, all tumors were well-defined masses of increased signals on T2WI. Three tumors were solid, whereas the other was solid and cystic. The normal ipsilateral ovary was identified in two patients of reproductive ages, but not in two postmenopausal patients. Tumors in two patients presented with acute abdomen were complicated by hemorrhage. All three tumors evaluated on DWI showed high intensities. Contrast-enhanced images of MRI and CT showed homogeneous enhancement as the same degree as the myometrium. On CT, one tumor contained punctate calcifications. FDG-PET/CT showed moderate FDG accumulation.

Conclusion
Wolffian tumors may be typically solid extraovarian tumors occasionally associated with cysts and calcifications. Although they are benign, they mimic malignancy due to high intensities on DWI and increased FDG accumulation.
Safely increasing nephro-ureteric stent exchange intervals, resulting in significant cost savings for the interventional radiology suite, a 2-year experience in a tertiary referral centre
Authors: Tong Emma , Hunter Kate , Deegan Joe , Torreggiani William C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the nephro-ureteric stent (NUS) insertion and exchange practice in a tertiary referral cancer centre, and determine the safety and compliance with current guidelines. We also reviewed if increasing exchange time interval from 6 to 12 weeks was safe, and if this could be adopted into our local guidelines.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed covering 24 months from January 2017 to December 2018. All NUS insertions and exchanges performed in that period were analysed, including the number of exchanges the patient underwent, the time between subsequent exchanges, and the screening time. We also reviewed the indications for stent insertion, possible causes for failed stent exchange, and factors which led to significant delays in stent exchanges for some patients. A scatterplot of screening time versus time in situ was derived and correlation analysis performed using the Pearson coefficient.

Results
Thirty-two patients underwent de novo NUS insertion during the period, and 102 NUS exchanges were performed. The interval between stent exchanges ranged from 1 to 40 weeks, with a mean of 12.3 weeks (SD = 8.96 weeks). Screening time ranged from 33 s to 17 min, with a mean of 3 min 50 s (SD = 3 min 35 s). There were 100 successful exchanges, and two failed exchanges, accounting for 1.9% of total exchanges. In both failed cases, the reason for failed exchange was due to a prolonged period between exchanges (6 months in both cases). The reason for delay for stent exchange was due to non-attendance for scheduled appointments. There was a weakly positive correlation coefficient of 0.06 (screening time versus time period between insertions); however, this was not statistically significant (p = 0.81).

Conclusion
In this retrospective review, we have demonstrated that the recommended 6-week period between stent exchanges is unnecessary in the vast majority of cases, and that a longer interval between NUS exchanges, e.g. 8–12 weeks, is safe for the patient, and reduces screening time. This reduction in procedures also provides a significant potential saving to the radiology department in both monetary expense and limited angiography suite time.
Tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer: the correlation of tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Kuroda H. , Jamiyan T. , Yamaguchi R. , Kakumoto A. , Abe A. , Harada O. , Masunaga A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Immune cells such as cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, B cells or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to the anti-tumor response or pro-tumorigenic effect in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The interrelation of TAMs, T and B tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TNBC has not been fully elucidated.

Methods
We evaluated the association of tumor-associated macrophages, T and B TILs in TNBC.

Results
TNBCs with a high CD68+, CD163+ TAMs and low CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ TILs had a significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with low CD68+, CD163+ TAMs and high CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ TILs. TNBCs with high CD68+ TAMs/low CD8+ TILs showed a significantly shorter RFS and OS and a significantly poorer prognosis than those with high CD68+ TAMs/high CD8+ TILs, low CD68+ TAMs/high CD8+ TILs, and low CD68+/low CD8+. TNBCs with high CD163+ TAMs/low CD8+, low CD20 + TILs showed a significantly shorter RFS and OS and a significantly poorer prognosis than those with high CD163+ TAMs/high CD8+ TILs and high CD163+ TAMs /high CD20+ TILs.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that TAMs further create an optimal tumor microenvironment (TME) for growth and invasion of cancer cells when evasion of immunoreactions due to T and B TILs occurs. In TNBCs, all these events combine to affect prognosis. The process of TME is highly complex in TNBCs and for an improved understanding, larger validation studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
Crocodiles, sharks and turtles: the urban geo-palaeontological heritage of Cagliari (Italy)
Authors: Zoboli Daniel , Pistis Marco , Afrasinei Gabriela M. , Nonnoi Giancarlo , Pillola Gian Luigi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we report on the first project on the promotion of urban geoheritage in Cagliari, the capital of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia (Italy). We briefly address the history of geo-palaeontological research in the city area and outline the main phases of development in the history of Cagliari’s geo-palaeontological museum. Geotourism is an efficient method of bringing geosciences to a wider audience. For this project, we compiled a geoitinerary of the main lithotypes and fossils present within the urban territory. Miocene lithotypes are the most important materials in the edification of the Cagliari’s old town, and in the past, the quarrying activity favoured the geology knowledge of the area. The presence of abandoned quarries and natural outcrops in parks, public gardens, on the nearby coastline, and also of fossils exposed in ashlars of historic buildings, made Cagliari an excellent example to valorise the geo-palaeontological heritage using geotourism. This project showcases the importance of knowledge transfer and non-technical communication methods by converting highly technical aspects into accessible and engaging information dissemination to a wide range of audience types, including non-specialised ones.
Agricultural production diversity and child nutrition in Ethiopia
Authors: Bakhtsiyarava Maryia , Grace Kathryn 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study investigates how two aspects of agricultural production diversity – farm production diversity and composition of production – relate to child height-for-age and weight-for-height in Ethiopia. We use longitudinal data on child anthropometric measurements, household farm production diversity and farm production composition from the Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey for 2011, 2013, and 2015 available through the World Bank. Using longitudinal fixed effects models, we show that an increase in farm production diversity reduces the risk of chronic food insecurity (child height-for-age) but has no impact on acute measures of food insecurity (child weight-for-height). Results also suggest that, in a context of poor rainfall, more diversity in farm production can adversely impact child height-for-age, although livestock sales might mitigate that detrimental effect. These findings highlight the importance of considering the relationship between farm-level food production and child nutrition in a context of climate change.