bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Flexible Gaussian Process Reconstruction Method and the Mass Function of the Coalescing Binary Black Hole Systems
Authors: Li 李 Yin-Jie 银杰 , Wang 王 Yuan-Zhu 远瞩 , Han 韩 Ming-Zhe 明哲 , Tang 唐 Shao-Peng 少鹏 , Yuan 袁 Qiang 强 , Fan 范 Yi-Zhong 一中 , Wei 韦 Da-Ming 大明 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We develop a new method based on Gaussian processes to reconstruct the mass distribution of binary black holes (BBHs). Instead of prespecifying the formalisms of mass distribution, we introduce a more flexible and nonparametric model with which the distribution can be mainly determined by the observed data. We first test our method with simulated data and find that it can well recover the injected distribution. Then, we apply this method to analyze the data of BBHs’ observations from LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 2. By reconstructing the chirp mass distribution, we find that there is a peak or a platform located at 20–30 M
⊙ rather than a single-power-law-like decrease from low mass to high mass. Moreover, one or two peaks in the chirp mass range of


<
20

M

⊙

may be favored by the data. Assuming a mass-independent mass ratio distribution of p(q) ∝ q
1.4, we further obtain a distribution of primary mass and find that there is a feature located in the range of (30, 40) M
⊙, which can be related to Broken Power Law and Power Law + Peak distributions described in Collaboration et al. Besides, the merger rate of BBHs is estimated to be


=

26.29

−
8.96

+
14.21

Gpc

−
3

yr

−
1

, supposing that there is no redshift evolution.
Protoplanetary Disk Birth in Massive Star-forming Clumps: The Essential Role of the Magnetic Field
Authors: Lebreuilly Ugo , Hennebelle Patrick , Colman Tine , Commerçon Benoît , Klessen Ralf , Maury Anaëlle , Molinari Sergio , Testi Leonardo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Protoplanetary disks form through angular momentum conservation in collapsing dense cores. In this work, we perform the first simulations with a maximal resolution down to the astronomical unit (au) of protoplanetary disk formation, through the collapse of 1000 M
⊙ clumps, treating self-consistently both non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics with ambipolar diffusion as well as radiative transfer in the flux-limited diffusion approximation including stellar feedback. Using the adaptive mesh-refinement code RAMSES, we investigate the influence of the magnetic field on the disks properties with three models. We show that, without magnetic fields, a population dominated by large disks is formed that is not consistent with Class 0 disk properties as estimated from observations. The inclusion of magnetic field leads, through magnetic braking, to a very different evolution. When it is included, small <50 au disks represent about half the population. In addition, about 70% of the stars have no disk in this case, which suggests that our resolution is still insufficient to preserve the smaller disks. With ambipolar diffusion, the proportion of small disks is also prominent and we report a flat mass distribution around 0.01–0.1M
⊙ and a typical disk-to-star mass ratios of ∼10−2–10−1. This work shows that the magnetic field and its evolution plays a prominent role in setting the initial properties of disk populations.
Compact Elliptical Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic Nuclei in Isolated Environments
Authors: Rey Soo-Chang , Oh Kyuseok , Kim Suk 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We present the discovery of rare active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in nearby (z < 0.05) compact elliptical galaxies (cEs) located in isolated environments. Using spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 12, four AGNs were identified based on the optical emission-line diagnostic diagram. SDSS optical spectra of AGNs show the presence of distinct narrow-line emissions. Utilizing the black hole (BH) mass–stellar velocity dispersion scaling relation and the correlation between the narrow L([O iii])/L(Hβ) line ratio and the width of the broad Hα emission line, we estimated the BH masses of the cEs to be in the range of 7 × 105–8 × 107
M
⊙. The observed surface brightness profiles of the cEs were fitted with a double Sérsic function using the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey r-band imaging data. Assuming the inner component as the bulge, the K-band bulge luminosity was also estimated from the corresponding Two Micron All Sky Survey images. We found that our cEs follow the observed BH mass–stellar velocity dispersion and BH mass–bulge luminosity scaling relations, albeit there was a large uncertainty in the derived BH mass of one cE. In view of the observational properties of BHs and those of the stellar populations of cEs, we discuss the proposition that cEs in isolated environments are bona fide low-mass early-type galaxies (i.e., a nature origin).
Asteroid Diameters and Albedos from NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Years Six and Seven
Authors: Masiero Joseph R. , Mainzer A. K. , Bauer J. M. , Cutri R. M. , Grav T. , Kramer E. , Pittichová J. , Wright E. L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We present diameters and albedos computed for the near-Earth and main belt asteroids (MBAs) observed by the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE) spacecraft during the sixth and seventh years of its Reactivation mission. These diameters and albedos are calculated from fitting thermal models to NEOWISE observations of 199 near-Earth objects (NEOs) and 5851 MBAs detected during the sixth year of the survey and 175 NEOs and 5861 MBAs from the seventh year. Comparisons of the NEO diameters derived from Reactivation data with those derived from the WISE cryogenic mission data show a ∼30% relative uncertainty. This larger uncertainty compared to data from the cryogenic mission is due to the need to assume a beaming parameter for the fits to the shorter-wavelength data that the Reactivation mission is limited to. We also present an analysis of the orbital parameters of the MBAs that have been discovered by NEOWISE during Reactivation, finding that these objects tend to be on orbits that result in their perihelia being far from the ecliptic, and thus missed by other surveys. To date, the NEOWISE Reactivation survey has provided thermal fits of 1415 unique NEOs. Including the mission phases before spacecraft hibernation increases the count of unique NEOs characterized to 1845 from WISE’s launch to the present.
Valeurs coopératives et nouvelles pratiques de gestion
Authors: Mourey Damien , Konate Mariam 
Published: August 2021

Résumé Les menaces qui pèsent sur la légitimité des grandes banques coopératives à se revendiquer de l’économie sociale et à se différentier des banques commerciales en raison du « plus coopératif » qu’elles prétendent apporter se sont renforcées au cours des dernières décennies. Ces grandes banques coopératives s’engagent dans des démarches de production de chiffres inspirées des principes directeurs de la norme ISO 26000 relative à la responsabilité sociétale. Il s’agit à la fois de démontrer par le chiffre la réalité de l’apport coopératif et de stimuler la participation et l’engagement des sociétaires dans le renouveau du projet coopératif. L’adoption du cadre de la norme ISO 26000 et le recours à une certification sont de nature à crédibiliser la démarche d’évaluation engagée. Toutefois, cela risque de diluer la différence coopérative au sein d’un référentiel RSE à l’ambition plus vaste et qui n’est pas spécifique aux organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire.
« L’épidémie » de plaintes en temps de Covid-19 : en France, en Espagne et en Belgique
Authors: Bailly Jessy 
Published: August 2021

La « crise sanitaire » liée à la propagation du Covid-19 (étudiée ici entre mars et juin 2020) a été marquée par un ensemble varié de recours en justice, qui peuvent paraître inédits au regard de la sociologie du droit. En prenant pour cadre de comparaison la France, l’Espagne et la Belgique, cet article interroge la portée symbolique et politique des plaintes au regard des contributions des sociologies américaine et française du droit. Il s’agit autant de rendre intelligible « l’épidémie » des recours en justice que d’explorer les manières dont elles questionnent les légitimités politiques attachées à la gestion politico-administrative de la « crise » et à l’économie politique plus généralement, qui affecte la régulation publique du domaine sanitaire.
Biodiversity of Bali Banana (Musaceae) and its Usefulness
Authors: Rai I Nyoman , Dwivany Fenny M. , Sutanto Agus , Meitha Karlia , Sukewijaya I Made , Ustriyana I Nyoman Gede 
Published: August 2021

Banana (Musa spp.) is one the most important agriculture commodities in Indonesia. Archeological and molecular evidences suggest that speciation of this herb occurred in Indonesia, leading to the high diversity in the archipelago. In Bali Island, banana is not only sought for food but as well as for their symbolic role in religious and cultural ceremonies. However, the high demand for bananas in Bali is not yet supported by the adequate production of local farms. This presented study aimed to investigate the diversity of banana cultivars or sub-species in Bali and its usefulness to determine preferable cultivars to cultivate. We recorded and characterized 43 banana cultivars in 10 villages that represent the 8 regencies and 1 city of Bali province. Out of the 43 cultivars, 7 were highly used and at least one cultivar was discovered in each of the studied village. The presence of these cultivars in the study areas were confirmed by site visit and characterization of the fruits. Among the highly ranked cultivars or species, only biu kayu is unique to Bali as it was not found in the closest provinces of East Java and Madura. Hence, the results suggested that to improve the cultivation and production of these 7 highly used cultivars could be an appropriate solution to meet Bali demand of bananas. Furthermore, cultivating biu kayu would also help conservation effort since this cultivar is also currently listed as a rare genetic resource.
Morphologycal and Molecular Partial Histone-H3 Characterization of Bintan Sea Snail Gonggong (Strombus sp.) as a Species Validation
Authors: Viruly Lily , Andarwulan Nuri , Suhartono Maggy T. , Nurilmala Mala 
Published: August 2021

Sea snail gonggong is an icon of Tanjungpinang-Riau Islands Province. It is a favorite seafood item in Riau Islands Province, and is high economic value but not known widely yet. Until now, sea snail gonggong has been highly exploited but the research on this snail is very limited. The aim of this study was to morphology and molecular characterization of Bintan gonggong snail (Strombus sp.) as a species validation. Bintan gonggong snail included thick-shelled gonggong and thin-shelled gonggong. Morphology identifcation of species Bintan gonggong snail was based on morphometric variability. Molecular identifcation used partial Histone-H3, MEGA version 6.06, and bioinformatics analysis. The result showed that the morphological identifcation of thick-shelled and thin-shelled gonggong based on shell width, the lip thickness, and total weight signifcantly diﬀerent, but other variables (i.e shell length, shell depth, aperture length, and gonggong weight) were not signifcantly diﬀerent (p<0.05). Resulted of a molecular identifcation with phylogenetic analysis that the thin-shelled and thick-shelled Bintan gonggong snails were 1 species and a genetic distance of 1%. They were not species Strombus canarium, Strombus vitatus, and Strombus epidromis. Bintan gonggong snails were Strombus turturella (Leavistrombus turturella). DNA sequences of Bintan gonggong have been registered in Gen-Bank with registration numbers MH348131 (thinshelled gonggong) and MH348132 (thick-shelled gonggong).
Apoptotic Potential of Secretome from Interleukin-Induced Natural Killer Cells toward Breast Cancer Cell Line by Transwell Assay
Authors: Widowati Wahyu , Jasaputra Diana Krisanti , Wargasetia Teresa Liliana , Eltania The Fransiska , Azizah Alya Mardhotillah , Subangkit Mawar , Lister I Nyoman Ehrich , Ginting Chrismis Novalinda , Girsang Ermi , Faried Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

Breast cancer (BC) is the number one cause of deaths from cancer in women. Metastasis in BC is caused by immunosurveillance deficiency, including impairment of Natural Killer (NK) cell maturation, low NK activity, and decreasing cytotoxicity. This study was performed to improve activating receptors and cytotoxicity of NK cells using interleukin 15 (IL15) against BC cells. Human recombinant IL15 was used to induce NK cells. To evaluate the potential of IL15 in inducing NK cells, we measured the activating and inhibiting receptors (NKG2D, NKG2A), apoptotic potency of NK cells on BC cells (MCF7) using transwell assay. The IL15 inducer on the NK cell were measured NKG2D, NKG2A gene expression with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), (GzmB) secretion using ELISA, apoptotic gene expression of MCF7 using qPCR. IL15 increased NKG2D expression 4.01-9.13%, but IL15 could not affect toward NKG2A expression on NK cells. IL15-activated NK cells, inhibited BC cells proliferation, induced apoptotic BC cells 25.89-32.19%, induced apoptotic genes of BC cells bax, p53. IL15 increase NK activating receptor (NKG2D), inhibit BC cells proliferation, induce apoptotic percentage and induce apoptotic gene expression.
Role of Extension Forest Officers in Forest Conservation in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Agube Ejeje Igwe , Igbokwe Edwin M. , Ojo Oluwasegun Felix 
Published: August 2021

This study assessed role of extension forest officers in forest conservation in Cross River State, Nigeria. All the forest officers under the employment of the Cross River State Forestry Commission (CRSFC) formed the population of the study. Systematic sampling technique was employed to select 78 respondents for the study out of a population of 314 forest officers. Data were collected through validated structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed using percentage and mean scores. The major effective extension role of forest officers in forest conservation were creating awareness through environmental enlightenment campaign in forest communities ( x̄= 2.61) and dissemination of information in relation to public participation in forest conservation (x̄ = 2.61). The Major training needs of forest officers in forest conservation were sustainable forest management practices (x̄ = 3.39), forestry extension practices ( x̄= 3.32) and developing group participation. The most serious constraints to effective forestry extension service delivery were inadequate funding ( x̄= 2.97), and lack of vehicles for field staff logistics (x̄ = 2.80). ). Forestry extension service delivery in forest conservation was less effective, owing to a great number of constraints militating against the service delivery. For extension role of forest officers in forest conservation to be more effective in the state, there is need for extension unit to be created by the Cross River State Forestry Commission and specifically saddled with the responsibility of carrying out forestry extension functions along with the readiness of the state government to adequately coordinate and fund forestry extension services.
Adaptation to New Normal Conditions
Authors: Riyan Rizaldi Dedi , Doyan Aris , Makhrus Muh. , Fatimah Ziadatul , Nurhayati Eris 
Published: August 2021

Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara Province, has started a transitional period, including in the world of education. The transition to the new normal requires adjusting the learning process to prepare students to learn normally. This study aims to describe students' physics learning outcomes using a blended learning model. This research is a type of experimental research. The research design was pre-experimental with the type of intact group comparison, where this type of research divided one class into two treatment groups. The population in this study were 11th-grade students of private madrasah majoring in science in Mataram city. The research sample was 50 students who were divided into two groups. The two groups were given a different treatment, where group 1 was taught with a blended learning model, while group 2 was taught using an online learning model. The physics learning outcome data were obtained through the initial and final tests, which were then analyzed descriptively using the N-gain test to determine the achievement of the learning process. Based on the research that has been done, it is found that the group taught with the blended learning model has a mean value of 70.14 with an N-gain of 0.36 (included in the medium category), which indicates that the use of blended models can be used to adjust students during a period of transition to a new normal. The use of the blended learning model in the learning process is to accustom students to return to normal learning, namely face to face in madrasah. It was done to increase student motivation to learn during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Small music programs for mental health and well-being: an evaluation framework
Authors: Yang NaYoung , Jenkins Rosemary , Dubois Elizabeth , Quezada-Yamamoto Harumi , Ward Helen , Junghans Cornelia 
Published: August 2021

While there is growing interest in the intersection of music and health, current scientific literature in this field often lacks the rigor and strength of studies grounded in quantitative research. Also, a lack of framework to organize data decentralizes the information. The broad definition and subjective nature of music makes it difficult to design evaluations that would yield strong evidence to support the holistic benefits on well-being. This paper proposes a three-category framework to organize raw data to trace the interactions and interlinked nature of the effects of participating in group music activities. The proposed method was used to evaluate two choirs in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea (RBKC), UK: the Sing to Live, Live to Sing in 2016, a singing program based in community centers across RBKC, and the GLUE Sings program, an adolescent music-making and singing program piloted by the Tabernacle W11 in 2018 to increase community engagement and participation after the 2017 Grenfell Fire. Both programs were found to better the holistic well-being of their respective participants. While the framework is useful in these evaluations, future research would benefit even more through utilizing mixed methodologies and increasing collaboration amongst funders, researchers, and program managers.
The impact of singing on the language abilities of people with moderate to severe-stage Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dassa Ayelet , Amir Dorit 
Published: August 2021

While singing in music therapy with people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is vastly documented, scarce research deals with the impact of singing on their language abilities. This study addressed the issue of language decline in AD and explored the impact of group singing on the language abilities of people with moderate to severe-stage AD. Participants were randomized to experimental (n=16) or wait-list control (n=14) groups. The experimental group received eight music therapy group sessions, which focused on singing, while both groups received the standard treatment. The data analysis included pre-post picture description tests and examination of speech parameters throughout the group sessions. A significant difference was demonstrated between the groups in the proportion of non-coherent speech in relation to total speech used by participants. The experimental group did not exhibit a deterioration in coherent speech, while the control group exhibited an increase in non-coherent speech in proportion to the total speech used by participants. The findings also indicated that participants in the experimental group showed an improvement in speech parameters as well as in their ability to sing. Singing in music therapy with people with AD can play a significant role in preserving speech and encouraging conversation abilities. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, music therapy, group singing, language abilities, speech
MATERNAL AWARENESS, PERCEIVED DISPOSITION AND HABIT DETERMINANTS TO NEONATAL MORTALITY AMONG MOTHERS DELIVERING AT A COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL, KENYA
Authors: Kulei Stella 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The study sought to establish the maternal awareness, perceived disposition and habit determinants to neonatal mortality among mothers delivering at a County Referral Hospital, Kenya.
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was carried out in Nakuru county referral Hospital, Kenya, in the postnatal wards in the maternity unit. Mothers who delivered and gave consent in the maternity unit in Nakuru county Referral Hospital were recruited. Mothers who did not deliver and were referred to Nakuru county referral hospital and declined to give consent were excluded from the study. The sample size was determined using Fisher et al 1999 formula. The targeted sample size was therefore 278 mothers. The study respondents were identified using systematic random sampling. Quantitative data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire by the research assistants. Data was entered into the computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Univariate analysis was presented using descriptive statistics like graphs, bar charts, pie charts and tables. Bivariate analysis was presented using inferential statistics like chi square and probability estimations to test for significance.
Results: Neonatal mortality was significantly associated with the maternal determinants. Maternal awareness (p=<0.001), disposition (p=0.001), habits (p=0.009)) all had significant relationships. From qualitative data, there was a linkage between neonatal deaths and cultural factors such as traditional practices and home delivery. Inadequate health care providers’ services, like lack of counseling to mothers on prevention of neonatal deaths before and after delivery, were strongly stated by the participants as being associated with neonatal deaths.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The Health care providers should ensure that mothers are empowered with knowledge on prevention of neonatal mortality which should include counseling on risk factors during pregnancy and the health education should be spread from pregnancy to discharge and during follow-up visits.