bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Ultrasound Application Beyond Diagnosis: Insights From Ultrasound Sensing and Biological Response
Authors: Lai Yubo , Tao Wenxin , Wang Lantian , Liu Zhaoyou , Wu Pengying , Yang Guodong , Yuan Lijun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUltrasound (US) can easily penetrate media with excellent spatial precision corresponding to its wavelength. Naturally, US plays a pivotal role in the echolocation abilities of certain mammals such as bats and dolphins. In addition, medical US generated by transducers interact with tissues via delivering ultrasonic energy in the modes of heat generation, exertion of acoustic radiation force (ARF), and acoustic cavitation. Based on the principle of echolocation, various assistive devices for visual impairment people have been developed. High‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) are developed for targeted ablation and tissue destruction. Besides thermal ablation, histotripsy with US is designed to damage tissue purely via mechanical effect without thermal coagulation. Low‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound (LIFU) has been proven to be an effective stimulation method for neuromodulation. Furthermore, US has been reported to transiently increase the permeability of biological membranes, enabling acoustic transfection and blood‐brain barrier open. All of these advances in US are changing the clinic. This review mainly introduces the advances in these aspects, focusing on the physical and biological principles, challenges, and future direction.
Propofol Suppresses Ferroptosis via Modulating eNOS/NO Signaling Pathway to Improve Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Zheng Zi‐Lei , Wang Xu‐Peng , Hu Yu‐Fei , Li Wen‐Guang , Zhou Qi , Xu Fang , Wang Qiu‐Jun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aims to explore the neuroprotective effect of propofol in improving traumatic brain injury (TBI) by inhibiting ferroptosis through the modulation of the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS)/NO signaling pathway.MethodsThe GSE173975 dataset was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes between TBI and sham surgery control groups in the short and long term. A TBI model was established in 2‐month‐old male SPF C57BL/6 mice by impact exposure of the exposed dura mater. After the establishment of the TBI model, propofol (30 mg/kg) or saline was administered via intraperitoneal injection for intervention. Nissl staining and Perls staining were employed to assess neuronal function and iron deposition, respectively. Western blot technology was employed to detect the expression of proteins related to ferroptosis. Immunofluorescence staining of astrocytes and microglia was utilized to assess the neuroinflammatory response induced by TBI. The Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NOR) tests were employed to assess cognitive dysfunction induced by TBI.FindingsBioinformatics analysis revealed aberrant gene expression associated with iron transport, neuronal death, and inflammatory response in the initial stages of TBI. Long‐term abnormalities were predominantly linked to genes involved in inflammatory response. Perls staining and protein expression analysis confirmed the occurrence of iron deposition and ferroptosis following TBI. Propofol treatment significantly reduced iron deposition and ferroptosis induced by TBI. Nissl staining demonstrated enhanced neuronal function, while TUNEL staining indicated reduced neuronal apoptosis. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that propofol significantly reduced the proliferation of astrocytes and activation of microglia induced by TBI in the long term. The results of MWM and NOR tests indicated that propofol significantly improved the long‐term cognitive dysfunction induced by TBI. Propofol exerts neuroprotective effects by increasing the expression of eNOS protein and the content of NO. The neuroprotective effects of propofol can be reversed by the eNOS inhibitor L‐NAME.ConclusionPropofol significantly improves the prognosis of TBI by inhibiting ferroptosis through the modulation of the eNOS/NO signaling pathway. The study results provide a scientific basis for the clinical use of propofol as a neuroprotective agent and offer a new direction for the development of new treatment strategies for TBI.
A Comparative Meta‐Analysis on the Association of lncRNAs MALAT1, HOTAIR, and AFAP1‐AS1 With the Risk of Developing Lymph Node Metastasis in Lung Cancer
Authors: Tasnim Anha , Sumaiya Afra Anjum , Noman Abdullah Al , Tahsin Anika , Saba Abdullah Al , Ahmed Rubaiat , Yasmin Tahirah , Nabi A. H. M. Nurun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNumerous studies have demonstrated the significance of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the development of cancer metastasis. The expression levels of many lncRNAs are elevated in metastatic lung cancer patients compared to non‐metastatic lung cancer patients.ObjectivesThe primary objective of the study was to investigate the association between the expression levels of three lncRNAs (MALAT1, HOTAIR, and AFAP1‐AS1) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) of lung cancer.MethodsCell Press, PubMed, SpringerLink, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were explored to perform the literature search. After screening 1862 articles, 66 English‐language articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. From those articles, 17 publications comprising 1622 lung cancer patients were chosen for statistical analyses as well as quality assessment tests.ResultsForest plot analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in the incidence of LNM between the high and low MALAT1 expression groups (OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.34–7.67; random effects model). Significant differences were also observed in the incidence of LNM between patients with high and low HOTAIR expression levels (OR = 4.17, 95% CI: 1.47–11.82; random effects model). The expression level of AFAP1‐AS1 was found to be significantly associated with LNM in lung cancer (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.39–3.85, random effects model). Additional analysis from GEPIA and GEO databases revealed that the expression levels of these lncRNAs vary according to the type of tumor tissue, organ of metastasis, and cancer stage. However, these databases show that the result for AFAP1‐AS1 is the most aligned with the meta‐analysis's findings. Furthermore, several quality assessment tests showed that the AFAP1‐AS1 studies are more reliable compared to the studies of other lncRNAs.ConclusionThis study suggested that LNM in lung cancer patients is associated mostly with an elevated AFAP1‐AS1 lncRNA level among the pool of three lncRNAs analyzed. Before these results can be implemented in a clinical setting, it is essential to conduct further validation and undertake comprehensive analysis to ensure robustness and reliability.
Simultaneous Coproduction of Xylonic Acid and Xylitol: Leveraging In Situ Hydrogen Generation and Utilization from Xylose
Authors: Awad Ali , Valekar Anil H. , Oh Kyung‐Ryul , Prihatno Fajar , Jung Jaehoon , Nimbalkar Ajaysing S. , Upare Pravin P. , Hoon Kim Ji , Kyu Hwang Young 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPentose oxidation and reduction, processes yielding value‐added sugar‐derived acids and alcohols, typically involve separate procedures necessitating distinct reaction conditions. In this study, a novel one‐pot reaction for the concurrent production of xylonic acid and xylitol from xylose is proposed. This reaction was executed at ambient temperature in the presence of a base, eliminating the need for external gases, by leveraging Pt‐supported catalysts. Initial experiments using commercially available metal‐supported carbon catalysts validated the superior activity of Pt. However, a notable decline in recycling performance was observed in Pt/C, which is attributed to the sintering of Pt nanoparticles. In contrast, the synthesized Pt‐supported ZrO2 catalysts exhibited enhanced recycling performance because of the strong metal–support interaction between Pt and the ZrO2 support. Furthermore, mechanistic insights and density functional theory calculations show that product desorption involves a significantly higher energy barrier compared to substrate adsorption and hydrogenation, highlighting an efficient transfer hydrogenation mechanism leading to equivalent yields of both xylonic acid and xylitol. This study introduces a promising approach for the simultaneous production of sugar‐derived acids and alcohols, with implications for sustainable catalysis and process optimization.
Dynamic Behavior of Ionic and Electronic Phenomena in Perovskite Solar Cells Analyzed Through Poles and Zeros of the Transfer Function of Impedance
Authors: Abrego‐Martínez Paola Gabriela , Corpus‐Mendoza Asiel N. , Moreno‐Romero Paola Marcela , Torres‐Herrera D. Mateus , Rodríguez‐Castañeda Carlos A. , Miranda‐Hernández Margarita , Hu Hailin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the physics of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is crucial for their development. For this reason, we investigate the frequency‐dependent response of PSCs aided by an electronic equivalent circuit to distinguish between ionic and electronic behavior at the interfaces and the bulk materials of the cells, respectively. The dynamic behavior of both effects is analyzed in terms of voltage drop within the solar cell as a function of source voltage. It is observed that higher quality PSCs show a sharp transition from ionic to electronic behavior as voltage increases, whereas lower quality PSCs show a smooth and slow transition. Also, the analysis of poles and zeros of the transfer function of impedance as a function of bias voltage reveals the point where the ionic behavior at the interfaces becomes irrelevant and the electronic properties in the bulk become dominant in terms of impedance and voltage drop. Therefore, the analysis of poles and zeros becomes a viable and novel characterization technique to investigate the dynamic behavior of bulk and interface phenomena in PSCs.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of basal microbiota and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: A potential target for treatment or a contributor to disease progression?
Authors: Jimenez‐García Ana Maria , Villarino Maria , Arias Natalia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA systematic review and meta‐analysis examined the impact of gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Dysbiosis may influence neurodegeneration by affecting gut permeability and neurotrophic factors, leading to cognitive decline. The study analyzed microbiome differences between patients with AD and healthy individuals, as well as the impact of various interventions in both preclinical and clinical studies. Of 60 studies reviewed, 12 were excluded from the meta‐analysis due to unsuitable data or lack of control groups. Meta‐analyses revealed significant cognitive impairment in AD patients and animal models, with specific tests identifying these deficits. Notably, Bacteroides levels were higher in patients with AD, whereas probiotics improved Prevotella levels. Natural treatments increased Bacteroidetes and reduced Firmicutes in animal models. The findings emphasize the need for standardized methods to develop therapies targeting the gut microbiota to restore cognition in AD. Understanding individual dysbiosis could further clarify the cognitive effects of the gut–brain axis.Highlights
Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is linked to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Patients with AD show significant differences in Bacteroides levels compared to healthy individuals.
Probiotic treatments increase Prevotella levels in AD animal models.
Natural agents boost Bacteroidetes and reduce Firmicutes in AD animal models.
Human studies show no consistent effects of gut microbiota interventions on cognitive function in AD.
Introducing a Software‐Based Template for Standardized Structured Reports of Urinary Cytology and Its Impact on Turnaround Time in a Tertiary Center
Authors: Radulović Maja Kebe , Cimerman Damjana , Fležar Margareta Strojan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionStandardized pathology reports enhance completeness and readability, contributing to the overall improvement in the management of patients. The standardization of urine cytology reporting has gained widespread acceptance with the use of the Paris system (TPS) for reporting urinary cytology, primarily focused on detecting high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). The next phase at the Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, was the implementation of TPS, including standardized additional findings on non–neoplastic changes, into a software‐based standardized structured reporting (SBSSR) system.MethodsThe implementation of SBSSR for urinary cytology at the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, began in March 2023. Before daily usage, the SBSSR template was tested and approved by all cytopathology team members. An informative briefing for clinicians was organized to facilitate inter‐specialty communication. To assess the impact of the SBSSR system on reporting efficiency, the turnaround time was tracked from the receipt of the cytology sample in the lab to the time of digital signature on its diagnostic report during two consecutive 11‐month periods (04/01/2022–03/01/2023 and 04/01/2023–03/01/2024).ResultsAll team members easily adopted the new SBSSR for urinary cytology. Reports are generated, costs are calculated, and they are digitally signed in a single step. The adoption of SBSSR for urinary cytology led to the replacement of dictation and administrative tasks. The average turnaround time for urine cytology has been reduced from 1,8 days (based on 2843 samples) to 1,5 days (based on 3438 samples).ConclusionsThe introduction of SBSSR for urinary cytology increased the quality of patient care with a shorter time to diagnosis and a higher level of report clarity.
Double‐Edged Sword Effect of Jasmonoyl‐Isoleucine on the Parasite–Host Interaction Between Field Dodder and Lentil
Authors: Jené Laia , Munné‐Bosch Sergi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMany holoparasitic plants are well‐known for their negative impacts on crops, yet the underlying mechanisms behind the interaction between holoparasitic plants and their hosts are still poorly understood. This study investigates the role of stress‐induced phytohormones on the relationship between field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) and lentil plants (Lens culinaris), a model for parasitic plant‐host interaction in legumes. We evaluated the impact of parasitism on host phenology, vegetative growth, and yield. In addition, stress markers and spatiotemporal variations in endogenous levels of stress‐related phytohormones were measured. Parasitism had a drastic effect on yield by accelerating plant phenology, enhancing plant senescence, and deregulating pod maturation. Moreover, an antagonistic relationship between jasmonates and abscisic acid (ABA) was observed in field dodder during the attachment of haustoria to the host, such that the content of the bioactive jasmonate, jasmonoyl‐isoleucine (contrary to ABA), was very high in free haustoria (prior to attachment). Finally, the content of jasmonoyl‐isoleucine increased in the host plant, although this defense response in young leaves was not sufficient to prevent severe loss of PSII integrity. This demonstrates that jasmonoyl‐isoleucine is up‐regulated in both free‐haustoria field dodder and infested lentil plants, suggesting that this bioactive jasmonate form has a universal protective role in both sides of the interaction between parasitic plant and host.
The Birth of the Psychedelic Industry: Capitalising on the Psychedelic Renaissance
Authors: Yoo Minsu , Sakopoulos Sofia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe resurgence of psychedelic medicine, often termed ‘the psychedelic renaissance,’ marks a profound shift from decades of repressed research to a burgeoning field characterised by significant scientific, regulatory, and economic transformations. Once marginalised, psychedelics are now experiencing widespread interest and investment, spurred by changes in legal frameworks, public attitudes, and an influx of venture capital (VC). This article explores the interplay between scientific innovation and capital investment within the psychedelic sector, highlighting how private funding shapes the form of research and its financialization. The study investigates the roles of VC and private interests in driving the psychedelic renaissance, examining how these financial forces influence ethical considerations and broader socio‐political implications. Through in‐depth interviews with key stakeholders in the industry, including in‐house scientists and investors, the research uncovers how market‐driven imperatives and financial conflicts of interest shape both scientific practices and public perceptions of psychedelic medicine—and how these perceptions, in turn, influence the industry. The analysis underscores the tension between the idealistic and capitalist narratives surrounding psychedelic medicine, suggesting that the psychedelic industry reflects broader trends in biotech and pharmaceutical industries, where innovation is closely tied to financial investment and market dynamics. At the same time, it highlights the paradox of psychedelic mysticism, which remains elusive to the rigid criteria of evidence‐based medicine, thereby challenging the prevailing paradigm of psychopharmacological research. The findings call for a critical examination, through continuous public engagement, of the ethical dimensions of integrating psychedelics into mainstream medicine, highlighting the need to focus on the emergence of grey areas within capital networks where cultural and political values are constantly rearranged and restructured.
Cryopreservation of ovarian cortex as fertility preservation in transgender men: A case report and literature review
Authors: Sanches Marcos Paulo Ribeiro , de Carvalho Renata Cristina , Camillo Jacqueline , Monteiro Amanda Begatti Victorino , Dias‐da‐Silva Magnus Régios , Ruano José Maria Cordeiro , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira , Fraietta Renato 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransgender people have been experiencing significant advancements in their social visibility, although they continue to face frequent discrimination and exclusion. Among the issues encompassing transgender individuals' health care, the right to reproductive and sexual health have gained traction in the study landscape, necessitating an exploration of fertility preservation options for these patients. This report sheds light on the process of cryopreserving gametes and ovarian tissue after total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy for gender reassignment in a transgender man in hormonal masculinization. The procedure resulted in the cryopreservation of three immature oocytes and ovarian tissue fragments. The objective of this study is to contribute to the promotion of knowledge and the sharing of experiences, aiming to gradually enhance the attention on reproductive health among transgender individuals.
Evaluation of pharmacist‐initiated glycemic control in adult medicine patients with diabetes
Authors: Wells Drew A. , Sakaan Sami , Shaver Jacob , Cutshall B. Tate , Twilla Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionHistorically, clinical pharmacists' management of inpatient glycemic control has been driven by institutional protocols or the collaboration of multi‐disciplinary glycemic control teams.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the impact of a pharmacist's expanded scope of practice (ESOP) on glycemic control in hospitalized patients with diabetes.MethodsThis was a single‐center, descriptive, retrospective cohort study of adult hospitalized patients with diabetes who had active, scheduled insulin orders initiated or titrated for more than 48 hours by an internal medicine pharmacist. The primary outcome was to determine the mean daily blood glucose (BG) levels for patients started on scheduled insulin therapy between Provider‐initiated and Pharmacist‐initiated groups. Other outcomes included the percentage of Level 1 hypoglycemia (BG 54–70 mg/dL), Level 2 hypoglycemia (BG <54 mg/dL), hyperglycemia (BG 181–239 mg/dL), and severe hyperglycemia (BG ≥240 mg/dL).ResultsA total of 111 patients were included: 50 in the Pharmacist‐initiated group and 61 in the Provider‐initiated group. There were similar outcomes between Pharmacist‐initiated and Provider‐initiated groups when comparing time within goal BG range (45% vs. 38%, p = 0.104) and percentage of hypoglycemia (1% vs. 4%, p = 0.175). The Pharmacist‐initiated group had significantly less percentage of Level 2 hypoglycemia compared with the Provider‐initiated group (0.1% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.004). Severe hyperglycemia occurred more frequently in the Provider‐initiated group (19% vs. 33%, p = 0.005), but there was more hyperglycemia seen in the Pharmacist‐initiated group (34% vs. 26%, p = 0.005).ConclusionPharmacist glycemic management for hospitalized adult medicine patients can be achieved through a pharmacist's ESOP in collaboration with providers and can have similar efficacy and improved safety. Further changes to the ESOP, including early identification and initiation of glycemic therapy, can enhance the effectiveness of this service.
Modulation of cationic surfactant micellization by imidazolium‐based ionic liquids: A thermodynamic study
Authors: Patiño‐Agudelo Álvaro Javier , Ferreira Gabriel Max Dias , Ferreira Guilherme Max Dias , Coelho Yara Luiza , Marques Isabela A. , Moreau Pedro dos Santos , Ribera Ruben Ramallo , dos Santos Pires Ana Clarissa , da Silva Luis Henrique Mendes 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the modulation of ionic surfactant properties in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) is fundamental for expanding the application of that class of compounds. Although the effect of ILs on the micellization process of anionic surfactant has gained broad attention, its effect on cationic surfactants aggregation processes has been underexplored. This work investigated the effect of 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chlorides (CnmimCl, with n = 2 or 4) and NaCl on the micellization of alkylpyridinium chlorides (CnPyCl, with n = 12 or 16) cationic surfactants using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and electrical conductivity. The reduction in the critical micellar concentration (CMC) in the presence of the electrolytes depends similarly on the stoichiometry between the surfactant and the electrolyte in the solution before micellization, independent of the electrolyte nature. However, the more hydrophobic the ionic liquid and the surfactant, the more intense the effects of electrolyte concentration on the micellar dissociation degree (α) and the micellization parameters (, and ). The presence of C2mimCl or C4mimCl made the micellization process of both surfactants more exothermic, associated mainly with the maximization of non‐dispersive interactions among monomers within the micelles and reduction of repulsive electrostatic interactions among surfactant head groups. Additionally, kosmotropic effects and preferential solvation of the surfactant, more intense for C4mimCl, actuate at high concentrations of this ionic liquid, intensifying the decrease of . This underscores that, despite both the imidazolium cation and the surfactant being positively charged, dispersive interactions between them play an important role in efficiently modulating the aggregation process.