bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation, ICT penetration, trade and economic growth in developing and developed countries: a VECM approach
Authors: Singh Parul , Siddiqui Areej Aftab 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe development in information communication and technology (ICT) has led to many changes such as reorganization of economics, globalization and trade. With more innovation processes being organized and adopted across technologies, trade, etc., these are getting more closely related and needs fresh research perspective. This study aims to empirically investigate the interrelationship between ICT penetration, innovation, trade and economic growth in 20 developed and developing nations from 1995 to 2018.Design/methodology/approachThe present paper examines both long-run and short-run relationships between the four variables, namely, innovation, ICT penetration, trade and economic growth, by applying panel estimation techniques of regression and vector error correction model. ICT penetration and innovation indices are constructed using principle component analysis technique.FindingsThe findings of the study highlight that for developed nations, growth, trade and innovation are significantly interlinked with no significant role of ICT penetration While for developing nations, significant relationship is present between growth and trade, ICT penetration and innovation. With respect to trade, in case of developed nations, significant relationship is present with ICT penetration. While for developing nations there is no significant result for trade promotion. On further employing the vector error correction model, the presence of short run causality between growth, trade and innovation in case of developed nations is established but no such causality between variables for developing nations is seen.Originality/valueThe present paper adds to the existing strand of literature examining interlinkage between innovation and growth by introducing new variables of ICT penetration and innovation.
Assessing advantage cluster: the case of Pithampur auto industry
Authors: Bhawsar Pragya 
Published: September 2021

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes of this paper will help students in understanding the dynamics of the formation of industry clusters and the benefits associated with industry clusters. The case will give stimulus towards the cluster competition.

Case overview/synopsis
The case describes the dilemma of a potential investor of a tyre company that wants to diversify its product line and is searching for a new strategic location. The investor is thoughtful about the Pithampur auto industry cluster for its upcoming investment. The case demonstrates how Pithampur has transformed into an “industry cluster” and the benefits it provides to firms in it. However, Pithampur is not the only auto industry cluster in India, clusters like Chakan-Pune is in competition with Pithampur for attracting investments. This is a cause of worry for the cluster’s stakeholders. The case projects amalgamation of concerns of the stakeholders of the clusters and those of potential investors in evaluating and benchmarking it with other clusters for a competitive future.

Complexity academic level
Suitable for both undergraduate and post-graduate students (MBA students).

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS: 11: Strategy.
Institutionalizing the fight against money laundering in Tanzania: the potential, limitations and challenges
Authors: Mniwasa Eugene E. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the authorities tasked to fight against money laundering in Tanzania and appraise the efficacy of the country’s anti-money institutional framework to tackle the problem.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on a qualitative research and data generated from the analysis of documentary materials. It surveys the anti-money laundering (AML) law in Tanzania to describe the legal and institutional frameworks for tackling money laundering. It explores law-related and non-law aspects to interrogate and appraise the efficacy of Tanzania’s AML law and authorities. The qualitative data were generated using the thematic content analysis technique.

Findings
The law in Tanzania establishes authorities and vests them with powers to combat money laundering. The authorities, which are part of Tanzania’s AML institutional framework, have been instrumental in combating money laundering. Nevertheless, several law-related and non-law factors emasculate the efficacy of the AML law and authorities in Tanzania. Some political and economic factors wear off the effectiveness of the country’s AML institutional framework. The transnational nature and complexity of money laundering overwhelm the capacity of the AML authorities in Tanzania.

Practical implications
The paper provides useful insights on money laundering and the legal regime to counteract the scourge in Tanzania which sets up the country’s AML institutional framework. It raises some issues for researchers, policymakers and law enforcers who can re-examine the problem and revisit the law and re-evaluate authorities and propose measures that will enable the government to reinforce the country’s AML regime. The paper makes a case for the government to implement the reforms of the country’s AML policy, legal and institutional frameworks.

Originality/value
The paper investigates issues relating to money laundering and its control in Tanzania beyond the legal perspective to uncover limitations and challenges that emasculate the efficacy of the AML authorities in the Tanzanian context. The issues examined in this paper are not unique to Tanzania and, hence, have relevance to other jurisdictions in sub-Saharan Africa.
Accounting for investor sentiment in news and disclosures
Authors: Eachempati Prajwal , Srivastava Praveen Ranjan 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This study aims to develop two sentiment indices sourced from news stories and corporate disclosures of the firms in the National Stock Exchange NIFTY 50 Index by extracting sentiment polarity. Subsequently, the two indices would be compared for the predictive accuracy of the stock market and stock returns during the post-digitization period 2011–2018. Based on the findings this paper suggests various options for financial strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
The news- and disclosure-based sentiment indices are developed using sentiment polarity extracted from qualitative content from news and corporate disclosures, respectively, using qualitative analysis tool “N-Vivo.” The indices developed are compared for stock market predictability using quantitative regression techniques. Thus, the study is conducted using both qualitative data and tools and quantitative techniques.

Findings
This study shows that the investor is more magnetized to news than towards corporate disclosures though disclosures contain both qualitative as well as quantitative information on the fundamentals of a firm. This study is extended to sectoral indices, and the results show that specific sectoral news impacts sectoral indices intensely over market news. It is found that the market discounts information in disclosures prior to its release. As disclosures in quarterly statements are delayed information input, firms can use voluntary disclosures to reduce the communication gap with investors by using the internet. Managers would do so only when the stock price is undervalued and tend to ignore the market and the shareholder in other cases. Otherwise, disclosure sentiment attracts only long horizon traders.

Practical implications
Finance managers need to improve disclosure dependence on investors by innovative disclosure methodologies irrespective of the ruling market price. In this context, future studies on investor sentiment would be interesting as they need to capture man–machine interactions reflected in market sentiment showing the interplay of human biases with machine-driven decisions. The findings would be useful in developing the financial strategy for protecting firm value.

Originality/value
This study is unique in providing a comparative analysis of sentiment extracted from news and corporate disclosures for explaining the stock market direction and stock returns and contributes to the behavioral finance literature.
Cutaneous metastasis of primary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma of the central nervous system developing 4 years after complete remission: Diagnosis confirmed by comparison of clones
Authors: Patel Bansri M. , Moesch John , Karunamurthy Arivarasan , Puleio Donna V. , Drappatz Jan , Akilov Oleg E. , Kazlouskaya Viktoryia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractB‐cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare malignancy with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) variant being most common. Although DLBCL has a high propensity to relapse locally within the CNS, only a few cases of cutaneous metastasis have been described in the literature. We present a unique case of cutaneous metastasis of a primary DLBCL of the CNS in a 79‐year‐old man who was in clinical remission for 4 years until presenting with a lesion in the left adrenal gland and cutaneous nodules on the left flank. Skin biopsy specimen revealed a diffuse dermal infiltrate of atypical B‐cell lymphocytes with expression of CD20, BCL‐2, BCL‐6, and MUM‐1, suggestive of DLBCL. For differentiation between another primary or a recurrent process, immunoglobulin kappa (IgK) light chain gene rearrangement was performed and demonstrated that the DLBCL of the skin and CNS were of the same clonal origin. Restaging computerized tomography after initiating chemotherapy and daily ibrutinib showed complete resolution of the left adrenal mass and resolving cutaneous lesions. Our case demonstrates the rare, late cutaneous metastasis of DLBCL of the CNS and highlights the importance of genetic testing for the distinction between the primary and secondary lesions.
Relationship between blood glucose variability in ambulatory glucose profile and standardized continuous glucose monitoring metrics: Subanalysis of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Tokutsu Akemi , Okada Yosuke , Mita Tomoya , Torimoto Keiichi , Wakasugi Satomi , Katakami Naoto , Yoshii Hidenori , Uryu Kohei , Nishida Keiko , Arao Tadashi , Tanaka Yoshiya , Gosho Masahiko , Shimomura Iichiro , Watada Hirotaka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo clarify the relationship between ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) indexes and standardized continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsThis is an exploratory, cross‐sectional analysis of baseline data collected from a prospective, multicentre, 5‐year follow‐up observational study conducted and published previously by our group. The study participants were 999 outpatients with T2D who used CGM at baseline, and had no apparent history of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the relationship between average interquartile range (IQR) and time in range (TIR). We also calculated, for the first time, the cutoff values to achieve the TIR target values.ResultsIn both the TIR more than 70% and TIR more than 90% achievement groups, the average IQR was notably small compared with the non‐achievement groups. Particularly in comparison of the TIR quartiles, the average IQR became significantly smaller as the TIR became larger. The average IQR correlated negatively with TIR, and the cutoff values for TIR of more than 70% achievement and TIR of more than 90% achievement were an average IQR (>70%/>90%) of 2.13/1.85 mmol/L.ConclusionOur results showed a negative correlation between TIR and the range of blood glucose variations visually represented in AGP. The results also showed that the range of blood glucose variations in AGP is associated with indices of intraday and interday blood glucose variations and also with hypoglycaemia. Our results may provide new perspectives in the assessment and application of AGP in the clinical setting.
Corporate Resilience and Response to COVID‐19
Authors: Cheema‐Fox Alex , LaPerla Bridget R. , Wang Hui (Stacie) , Serafeim George 
Published: September 2021

The global COVID crisis provides a test case for the argument that public companies, by making significant and credible commitments to their stakeholder relationships, signal their resilience to investors and, by so doing, cushion their market values against a general collapse. As one example, by limiting layoffs, providing flexible work schedules, and offering paid sick leave, companies are likely to maintain higher employee productivity and avoid costs associated with excessive employee turnover. And companies that adapt their supply chains quickly to avoid costly production halts and secure the supply of important materials should have stronger relationships that result in both higher quality and lower long‐run costs. Yet another possibility is that companies that temporarily redirect operations to provide needed products and services such as masks and ventilators could experience stronger customer and brand loyalty.Using multiple databases, regressions, matched sample analysis, and measures of media sentiment about particular companies, the authors report that companies exhibiting behavior perceived as strengthening their human capital and supply chain relationships, as well as a willingness to repurpose operations, experienced significantly less negative returns during the crisis. On the basis of this evidence, the authors conclude that a company's response towards its stakeholders can be important in preserving value, and propose that managements view their stakeholder investments as creating strategic resources, intangible assets whose value becomes most apparent during crises.
Performance of using opposing homozygotes for paternity testing in Japanese Black cattle
Authors: Komiya Ryota , Ogawa Shinichiro , Aonuma Tatsuya , Satoh Masahiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGenome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in Japanese Black cattle enable genomic prediction and verifying parent–offspring relationships. We assessed the performance of opposing homozygotes (OH) for paternity testing in Japanese Black cattle, using SNP genotype information of 50 sires and 3,420 fattened animals, 1,945 of which were fathered by the 50 genotyped sires. The number of OH was counted for each sire–progeny pair in 28,764 SNPs with minor allele frequencies of ≥0.05 in this population. Across all pairs of animals, the number of OH tended to increase as the pedigree‐based coefficient of relationship decreased. With a threshold of 288 (1% of SNPs) for paternity testing, most sire–progeny pairs were detected as true relationships. The frequency of Mendelian inconsistencies was 2.4%, reflecting the high accuracy of pedigree information in Japanese Black cattle population. The results indicate the utility of OH for paternity testing in Japanese Black cattle.
Association of morning blood pressure surge with chronic kidney disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertension
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhang Ting , Qin Aiya , Li Fangming , Zheng Zhiyao , Zhou Huan , Tang Yi , Qin Wei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBlood pressure (BP) usually rise from being asleep to awake, which is named the morning blood pressure surge (MBPS). Researches have reported that elevated MBPS was related with CV events, incident CKD in hypertensive patients. However, there have been no studies that have investigated the association between MBPS and renal or heart outcomes in patients with CKD and hypertension, in these patients, the MBPS is much lower because of high prevalence of night hypertension and reduced BP dipping. In this prospective two‐center observational study, we enrolled patients with CKD and hypertension and the 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted in all patients. Time to total mortality, CKD progression and CV events was recorded; Finally, a total of 304 patients were enrolled and 94 (30.9%) of them had elevated MBPS. After a follow‐up for median 30 months, 23 (7.6%), 34 (11.2%), and 95 (31.3%) patients occurred death, CKD progression and new‐onset CV events, respectively. The Cox regression analysis suggested the elevated MBPS was a strong predictor of CKD progression (HR 2.35, 95%CI 1.2 ‐4.63, p = .013), independent of morning BP, while no associations were found between elevated MBPS and CV events (HR 1.02, 95%CI 0.66 ‐1.57), as well as death (HR 1.08, 95%CI 0.46 ‐2.55). In conclusion, we provided the first evidence that elevated MBPS was an important risk factor of CKD progression in patients with CKD and hypertension. Appropriate evaluation and management of MBPS may be helpful to postpone CKD progression.
Non‐drug pain relievers active on non‐opioid pain mechanisms
Authors: Marchesi Nicoletta , Govoni Stefano , Allegri Massimo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis review is aimed to summarize the pain‐relieving effect of non‐drug substances, mostly prescribed as integrators in treatment of pain, including especially in chronic postoperative pain (CPSP) and in chronic back pain after acute episodes. Their use reflects the fact that the current treatments for these syndromes continue to pose problems of unsatisfactory responses in a significant portion of patients and/or of an excess of side effects like those noted in the present opioid crisis. As integrators are frequently introduced into the market without adequate clinical testing, this review is aimed to collect the present scientific evidence either preclinical or clinical for their effectiveness. In particular, we reviewed the data on the use of: B vitamins; vitamin C; vitamin D; alpha lipoic acid (ALA); N‐acetylcysteine; acetyl L‐carnitine; curcumin; boswellia serrata; magnesium; coenzyme Q10, and palmitoylethanolamide. The combination of preclinical findings and clinical observations strongly indicate that these compounds deserve more careful attention, some of them having interesting clinical potentials also in preventing chronic pain after an acute episode. In particular, examining their putative mechanisms of action it emerges that combinations of few of them may exert an extraordinary spectrum of activities on a large variety of pain‐associated pathways and may be eventually used in combination with more traditional pain killers in order to extend the duration of the effect and to lower the doses. Convincing examples of effective combinations against pain are vitamin B complex plus gabapentin for CPSP, including neuropathic pain; vitamin B complex plus diclofenac against low back pain and also in association with gabapentin, and ALA for burning mouth syndrome. These as well as other examples need, however, careful controlled independent clinical studies confirming their role in therapy.
Reverse Double Objects in Hakka Ditransitive*
Authors: Wu Hsiao‐hung Iris 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with the ‘reverse’ double object construction in Hakka, where the theme NP precedes the goal NP without being mediated by an adpositional goal marker. I show that the reverse V‐theme‐goal order is sensitive to verb types and argue that this construction takes an underlying dative structure with a non‐thematic null prepositional goal marker. This formal syntactic account is shown to capture the word order alternations and grammatical properties observed in Hakka ditransitives.
Verbal autopsy models in determining causes of death
Authors: Tunga Mahadia , Lungo Juma , Chambua James , Kateule Ruthbetha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically review current practices, strengths and limitations of existing VA approaches to increase understanding of health system stakeholders and researchers.MethodsThe review was conducted and reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, in which articles were systematically obtained from the PubMed and SCOPUS online databases. The search was limited to English language journal articles published between 2010 and 2020. The review identified 5602 articles and after thorough scrutiny, 25 articles related to VA approaches were included.Results(1) InterVA and Tariff are widely used VA models; (2) Bayes rule is the most common and successful algorithm; (3) the lack of standardised datasets and metrics to evaluate models creates bias in determining VA model performance; (4) performance of the models trained using in‐hospital data cannot be replicated in community death; (5) the performance of models among physicians and computer‐coded algorithms differs with variation in settings.ConclusionThe physician‐certified verbal autopsy (PCVA) approaches are more effective in determining community CoD while computerised coding of verbal autopsy (CCVA) models perform well when the underlying CoD are reliably established using hospital data where data are trained in a similar environment to the target population. Our study recommends the use of hybrid models that combine strengths from various models and using an open standards dataset that includes death from different settings.
Fur4‐mediated uracil‐scavenging to screen for surface protein regulators
Authors: Paine Katherine M. , Ecclestone Gabrielle B. , MacDonald Chris 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCell surface membrane proteins perform diverse and critical functions and are spatially and temporally regulated by membrane trafficking pathways. Although perturbations in these pathways underlie many pathologies, our understanding of these pathways at a mechanistic level remains incomplete. Using yeast as a model, we have developed an assay that reports on the surface activity of the uracil permease Fur4 in uracil auxotroph strains grown in the presence of limited uracil. This assay was used to screen a library of haploid deletion strains and identified mutants with both diminished and enhanced comparative growth in restricted uracil media. Factors identified, including various multisubunit complexes, were enriched for membrane trafficking and transcriptional functions, in addition to various uncharacterized genes. Bioinformatic analysis of expression profiles from many strains lacking transcription factors required for efficient uracil‐scavenging validated particular hits from the screen, in addition to implicating essential genes not tested in the screen. Finally, we performed a secondary mating factor secretion screen to functionally categorize factors implicated in uracil‐scavenging.