bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative epigenomic and high-throughput functional enhancer profiling reveals determinants of enhancer heterogeneity in gastric cancer
Authors: Sheng Taotao , Ho Shamaine Wei Ting , Ooi Wen Fong , Xu Chang , Xing Manjie , Padmanabhan Nisha , Huang Kie Kyon , Ma Lijia , Ray Mohana , Guo Yu Amanda , Sim Ngak Leng , Anene-Nzelu Chukwuemeka George , Chang Mei Mei , Razavi-Mohseni Milad , Beer Michael A. , Foo Roger Sik Yin , Sundar Raghav , Chan Yiong Huak , Tan Angie Lay Keng , Ong Xuewen , Skanderup Anders Jacobsen , White Kevin P. , Jha Sudhakar , Tan Patrick 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Enhancers are distal cis-regulatory elements required for cell-specific gene expression and cell fate determination. In cancer, enhancer variation has been proposed as a major cause of inter-patient heterogeneity—however, most predicted enhancer regions remain to be functionally tested.

Methods
We analyzed 132 epigenomic histone modification profiles of 18 primary gastric cancer (GC) samples, 18 normal gastric tissues, and 28 GC cell lines using Nano-ChIP-seq technology. We applied Capture-based Self-Transcribing Active Regulatory Region sequencing (CapSTARR-seq) to assess functional enhancer activity. An Activity-by-contact (ABC) model was employed to explore the effects of histone acetylation and CapSTARR-seq levels on enhancer-promoter interactions.

Results
We report a comprehensive catalog of 75,730 recurrent predicted enhancers, the majority of which are GC-associated in vivo (> 50,000) and associated with lower somatic mutation rates inferred by whole-genome sequencing. Applying CapSTARR-seq to the enhancer catalog, we observed significant correlations between CapSTARR-seq functional activity and H3K27ac/H3K4me1 levels. Super-enhancer regions exhibited increased CapSTARR-seq signals compared to regular enhancers, even when decoupled from native chromatin contexture. We show that combining histone modification and CapSTARR-seq functional enhancer data improves the prediction of enhancer-promoter interactions and pinpointing of germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs), and trans-acting TFs involved in GC expression. We identified cancer-relevant genes (ING1, ARL4C) whose expression between patients is influenced by enhancer differences in genomic copy number and germline SNPs, and HNF4α as a master trans-acting factor associated with GC enhancer heterogeneity.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that combining histone modification and functional assay data may provide a more accurate metric to assess enhancer activity than either platform individually, providing insights into the relative contribution of genetic (cis) and regulatory (trans) mechanisms to GC enhancer functional heterogeneity.
Dementia risk communication. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 3 of 6
Authors: Visser Leonie N. C. , Minguillon Carolina , Sánchez-Benavides Gonzalo , Abramowicz Marc , Altomare Daniele , Fauria Karine , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Georges Jean , Ribaldi Federica , Scheltens Philip , van der Schaar Jetske , Zwan Marissa , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Molinuevo José Luis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests dementia incidence can be reduced through prevention programs targeting risk factors. To accelerate the implementation of such prevention programs, a new generation of brain health services (BHS) is envisioned, involving risk profiling, risk communication, risk reduction, and cognitive enhancement. The purpose of risk communication is to enable individuals at risk to make informed decisions and take action to protect themselves and is thus a crucial step in tailored prevention strategies of the dementia incidence. However, communicating about dementia risk is complex and challenging.In this paper, we provide an overview of (i) perspectives on communicating dementia risk from an ethical, clinical, and societal viewpoint; (ii) insights gained from memory clinical practice; (iii) available evidence on the impact of disclosing APOE and Alzheimer’s disease biomarker test results gathered from clinical trials and observational studies; (iv) the value of established registries in light of BHS; and (v) practical recommendations regarding effective strategies for communicating about dementia risk.In addition, we identify challenges, i.e., the current lack of evidence on what to tell on an individual level—the actual risk—and on how to optimally communicate about dementia risk, especially concerning worried yet cognitively unimpaired individuals. Ideally, dementia risk communication strategies should maximize the desired impact of risk information on individuals’ understanding of their health/disease status and risk perception and minimize potential harms. More research is thus warranted on the impact of dementia risk communication, to (1) evaluate the merits of different approaches to risk communication on outcomes in the cognitive, affective and behavioral domains, (2) develop an evidence-based, harmonized dementia risk communication protocol, and (3) develop e-tools to support and promote adherence to this protocol in BHSs.Based on the research reviewed, we recommend that dementia risk communication should be precise; include the use of absolute risks, visual displays, and time frames; based on a process of shared decision-making; and address the inherent uncertainty that comes with any probability.
Comparative analysis of chronic rhinitis patient profiles during autumn pollen season between grassland and non-grassland cities in North China
Authors: Xu Xu , Qin Long , Ren Lei , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Luo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The symptoms of patients with respiratory disease are influenced by local environmental factors. The incidence of allergic rhinitis in grassland areas was significantly higher than that in non-grassland areas. We aimed to compare the profiles of chronic rhinitis patients obtained during the autumn pollen season in Baotou (grassland city) and Beijing (non-grassland city), China.

Methods
Questionnaire surveys and allergen testing were conducted on 1170 and 1232 patients with chronic rhinitis visiting the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College and Beijing Tongren Hospital, respectively, during the autumn pollen period. Information regarding medical history, severity of symptoms, and diagnosis and treatment was collected.

Results
More patients with moderate to severe chronic rhinitis and asthma (both, P < 0.001) were present in Baotou than in Beijing. Mugwort was the most abundant allergen in both regions, but the number of patients sensitized to outdoor allergens in Baotou was higher than that in Beijing (P < 0.001). Indoor allergens in Beijing represented a considerable proportion of allergens, especially dust mites (33.4%). For patients with allergic rhinitis, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and runny nose were more severe in Baotou than in Beijing (P < 0.001). In both Baotou and Beijing, allergy (P < 0.001 vs. P = 0.004) and combined asthma (P = 0.049 vs. P = 0.005) were common factors affecting the severity of the clinical symptoms chronic rhinitis. In Baotou, age (rs = 0.195, P < 0.001) and family allergy history (P = 0.010) were also associated with symptom severity. Although significantly more patients in Baotou received oral antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, and surgical treatment than in Beijing (P < 0.001), the number of people receiving allergy immunotherapy in Baotou was lower (P = 0.004) and post-treatment symptom control was worse (P < 0.001) that that in Beijing.

Conclusions
During the pollen period, there were significant differences in the allergen spectrum between Baotou and Beijing. Allergy and combined asthma were common factors affecting the severity of clinical symptoms. Patients in Baotou presented with more severe clinical symptoms that were not satisfactorily managed due to the impact of pollen exposure, inconsistent access to care, and differing treatment modalities.
Overuse-related instability of the elbow: the role of CT-arthrography
Authors: Zagarella Andrea , Signorelli Giulia , Muscogiuri Giulia , Colombo Roberta , Folco Gianluca , Arrigoni Paolo , Radici Mattia , Randelli Pietro Simone , Gallazzi Mauro Battista 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe elbow is a complex joint whose biomechanical function is granted by the interplay and synergy of various anatomical structures. Articular stability is achieved by both static and dynamic constraints, which consist of osseous as well as soft-tissue components. Injuries determining instability frequently involve several of these structures. Therefore, accurate knowledge of regional anatomy and imaging findings is fundamental for a precise diagnosis and an appropriate clinical management of elbow instability. This review focuses particularly on the varied appearance of overuse-related elbow injuries at CT-arthrography.
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy in atopic dermatitis and chronic urticaria: immunological and clinical viewpoints
Authors: Kim Eun-Young , Kim Hyuk Soon , Hong Ki-Sung , Chung Hyung-Min , Park Se-Pill , Noh Geunwoong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAllergic diseases are immune-mediated diseases. Allergies share a common immunopathogenesis, with specific differences according to the specific disease. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been applied to people suffering from allergic and many other diseases. In this review, the immunologic roles of MSCs are systemically reviewed according to disease immunopathogenesis from a clinical viewpoint. MSCs seem to be a promising therapeutic modality not only as symptomatic treatments but also as causative and even preventive treatments for allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis and chronic urticaria.
Quasi-3-D spectral wavelet method for a thermal quench simulation
Authors: Bundschuh Jonas , D’Angelo Laura A. M. , De Gersem Herbert 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe finite element method is widely used in simulations of various fields. However, when considering domains whose extent differs strongly in different spatial directions a finite element simulation becomes computationally very expensive due to the large number of degrees of freedom. An example of such a domain are the cables inside of the magnets of particle accelerators. For translationally invariant domains, this work proposes a quasi-3-D method. Thereby, a 2-D finite element method with a nodal basis in the cross-section is combined with a spectral method with a wavelet basis in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, a spectral method with a wavelet basis and an adaptive and time-dependent resolution is presented. All methods are verified. As an example the hot-spot propagation due to a quench in Rutherford cables is simulated successfully.
A quasi-27-day oscillation activity from the troposphere to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere at low latitudes
Authors: Cheng Hao , Huang Kaiming , Liu Alan Z. , Zhang Shaodong , Huang Chunming , Gong Yun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUsing meteor radar, radiosonde observations and MERRA-2 reanalysis data from 12 August to 31 October 2006, we report a dynamical coupling from the tropical lower atmosphere to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere through a quasi-27-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO). It is interesting that the quasi-27-day ISO is observed in the troposphere, stratopause and mesopause regions, exhibiting a three-layer structure. In the MLT, the amplitude in the zonal wind increases from about 4 ms−1 at 90 km to 15 ms−1 at 100 km, which is different from previous observations that ISOs occurs generally in winter with an amplitude peak at about 80–90 km, and then are rapidly weakened with increasing height. Outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and specific humidity demonstrate that there is a quasi-27-day periodicity in convective activity in the tropics, which causes the ISO of the zonal wind and gravity wave (GW) activity in the troposphere. The upward propagating GWs are further modulated by the oscillation in the troposphere and upper stratosphere. As the GWs propagate to the MLT, the quasi-27-day oscillation in the wind field is induced with a clear phase opposite to that in the lower atmosphere through instability and dissipation of these modulated GWs. Wavelet analysis shows that the quasi-27-day variability in the MLT appears as a case event rather than a persistent phenomenon, and has not a clear corresponding relation with the solar rotation effect within 1 year of observations.
An investigation of aspects of radiochemical purity of 99mTc-labelled human serum albumin nanocolloid
Authors: Cusnir Ruslan , Leresche Michel , Pilloud Claude , Straub Marietta 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Nanocolloidal human serum albumin radiolabelled with 99mTc provides a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical for sentinel node lymphoscintigraphy. NanoHSA (Nanotop), a commercially available kit, enables the simple preparation of this radiopharmaceutical via reconstitution with pertechnetate eluted from a generator. Thin-layer chromatography is widely used for determining radiochemical purity in clinical nuclear medicine. Quality control methods recommended by the manufacturer were sometimes reported to yield variable results. Therefore, we proposed and evaluated three alternative thin-layer chromatography methods for the quality control of [99mTc]Tc-NanoHSA from a commercially available kit.

Results
The radiochemical purity of [99mTc]Tc-NanoHSA determined with all methods was reproducible and met the requirements of the SPC and the European Pharmacopoeia (≥ 95%). Our quality control using iTLC-SG chromatographic paper in methyl ethyl ketone mobile phase identified only free pertechnetate as impurity, resulting in > 99% RCP. The quality control using iTLC-SG in 85% methanol or iTLC-SA in 0.9% NaCl identified an additional small fraction of a hydrophilic impurity, resulting in 95–97% RCP. Glucose was identified as a potential 99mTc-carrying hydrophilic species contributing to hydrophilic impurities.

Conclusion
Our quality control of [99mTc]Tc-NanoHSA with non-polar mobile phase tended to underestimate the amount of hydrophilic impurities, although without compromising the final quality of the radiopharmaceutical. Alternative TLC methods using aqueous mobile phases enabled a more accurate determination of hydrophilic impurities.
Health problems and utilization of health services among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Bangladesh
Authors: Rawal Lal B. , Kanda Kie , Biswas Tuhin , Tanim Md. Imtiaz , Dahal Padam Kanta , Islam Md. Rajibul , Huda Tarique Md. Nurul , Begum Tahmina , Sahle Berhe W. , Renzaho Andre M. N. , Anwar Iqbal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Access to and utilization of health services have remained major challenges for people living in low- and middle-income countries, especially for those living in impaired public health environment such as refugee camps and temporary settlements. This study presents health problems and utilization of health services among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) living in the southern part of Bangladesh.

Methods
A mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative) approach was used. Altogether 999 household surveys were conducted among the FDMNs living in makeshift/temporary settlements and host communities. We used a grounded theory approach involving in-depth interviews (IDIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) including 24 IDIs, 10 FGDs, and 9 KIIs. The quantitative data were analysed with STATA.

Results
The common health problems among the women were pregnancy and childbirth-related complications and violence against women. Among the children, fever, diarrhoea, common cold and malaria were frequently observed health problems. Poor general health, HIV/AIDS, insecurity, discrimination, and lack of employment opportunity were common problems for men. Further, 61.2% women received two or more antenatal care (ANC) visits during their last pregnancy, while 28.9% did not receive any ANC visit. The majority of the last births took place at home (85.2%) assisted by traditional birth attendants (78.9%), a third (29.3%) of whom suffered pregnancy- and childbirth-related complications. The clinics run by the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) (76.9%) and private health facilities (86.0%) were the most accessible places for seeking healthcare for the FDMNs living in the makeshift settlements. All participants heard about HIV/AIDS. 78.0% of them were unaware about the means of HIV transmission, and family planning methods were poorly used (45.2%).

Conclusions
Overall, the health of FDMNs living in the southern part of Bangladesh is poor and they have inadequate access to and utilization of health services to address the health problems and associated factors. Existing essential health and nutrition support programs need to be culturally appropriate and adopt an integrated approach to encourage men’s participation to improve utilization of health and family planning services, address issues of gender inequity, gender-based violence, and improve women empowerment and overall health outcomes.
Effect of intraperitoneal instillation of dexmedetomidine or fentanyl as adjuvants to bupivacaine on fast tracking discharge criteria in patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomised double-blind control trial
Authors: Gupta Bharti , Verma Versha , Chaudhary Usha Kumari , Sidhu Ripudaman , Chandel Ankita 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy significantly affects the ambulation and discharge of the patient. This study compares fentanyl and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in intraperitoneal instillation after LC, in terms of their impact on ambulation, analgesic efficacy and recovery profile. Ninety patients were randomised into three groups with thirty patients in each group; group BF was administered 20 ml of 2 μg/kg fentanyl + 0.25% bupivacaine, group BD received 20 ml of 1μg/kg dexmedetomidine + 0.25% bupivacaine and group B received 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine only. After 8 h, Post-Anaesthesia Discharge Scoring System (PADS) scored for determining home readiness. Analgesic profile was assessed using Verbal Rating Scale and rescue analgesia requirement seen. Sedation was scored using Ramsay sedation scoring.

Results
Group B had significantly higher VRS and rescue analgesia requirements whilst groups BF and BD had a similar analgesic profile. Ramsay sedation scores were significantly higher in group BD when compared to groups BF and B. However, the PADS score remained comparable in all three groups (P = 0.113). The trial was retrospectively registered with the clinical trial registry of India CTRI/2019/07/020466.

Conclusion
Intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine in combination with dexmedetomidine or fentanyl significantly reduces postoperative pain scores in comparison to bupivacaine alone, in patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, fentanyl may be preferred over dexmedetomidine, because it causes less sedation and achieves a better PADS score.
Complication rates of percutaneous brachial artery puncture: effect of live ultrasound guidance
Authors: Appelt K. , Takes M. , Zech C. J. , Blackham KA , Schubert T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThe current literature on the use of brachial artery access is controversial. Some studies found increased puncture site complications. Others found no higher complication rates than in patients with femoral or radial access. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of ultrasound (US)-guidance on access site complications.Materials and methodsThis is a single-center retrospective study of all consecutive patients with brachial arterial access for interventional procedures. Complications were classified into minor complications (conservative treatment only) and major complications (requiring surgical intervention). The brachial artery was cannulated in the antecubital fossa under US-guidance. After the intervention, manual compression or closure devices, both followed by a compression bandage for 3 h, either achieved hemostasis.ResultsSeventy-five procedures in seventy-one patients were performed in the study period using brachial access. Access was successful in all cases (100%). Procedures in different vascular territories were performed: neurovascular (10/13.5%), upper extremity (32/43.2%), visceral (20/27.0%), and lower extremity (12/16.3%). Sheath size ranged from 3.2F to 8F (mean: 5F). Closure devices were used in 17 cases (22.7%). In total, six complications were observed (8.0%), four minor complications (5.3%, mostly puncture site hematomas), and two major complications, that needed surgical treatment (2.7%). No brachial artery thrombosis or upper extremity ischemia occurred.ConclusionExclusive use of US-guidance resulted in a low risk of brachial artery access site complications in our study compared to the literature. US-guidance has been proven to reduce the risk of access site complications in several studies in femoral access. In addition, brachial artery access yields a high technical success rate and requires no additional injection of spasmolytic medication. Sheath size was the single significant predictor for complications.
Paraneoplastic encephalomyeloradiculits with multiple autoantibodies against ITPR-1, GFAP and MOG: case report and literature review
Authors: Cirkel Anna , Wandinger Klaus-Peter , Ditz Claudia , Leppert Jan , Hanker Lars , Cirkel Christoph , Neumann Alexander , Brocke Jan , Höftberger Romana , Komorowski Lars , Perner Sven , Leypoldt Frank , Wagner-Altendorf Tobias , Münte Thomas F. , Royl Georg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Recently, antibodies against the alpha isoform of the glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein (GFAPα) were identified in a small series of patients with encephalomyelitis. Coexisting autoantibodies (NMDA receptor, GAD65 antibodies) have been described in a few of these patients. We describe a patient with rapidly progressive encephalomyeloradiculitis and a combination of anti-ITPR1, anti-GFAP and anti-MOG antibodies.

Case presentation and literature review
A 44-year old caucasian woman with a flu-like prodrome presented with meningism, progressive cerebellar signs and autonomic symptoms, areflexia, quadriplegia and respiratory insufficiency. MRI showed diffuse bilateral T2w-hyperintense brain lesions in the cortex, white matter, the corpus callosum as well as a longitudinal lesion of the medulla oblongata and the entire spinal cord. Anti-ITPR1, anti-GFAP and anti-MOG antibodies were detected in cerebrospinal fluid along with lymphocytic pleocytosis. Borderline tumor of the ovary was diagnosed. Thus, the disease of the patient was deemed to be paraneoplastic. The patient was treated by surgical removal of tumor, steroids, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange and rituximab. Four months after presentation, the patient was still tetraplegic, reacted with mimic expressions to pain or touch and could phonate solitary vowels. An extensive literature research was performed.

Conclusion
Our case and the literature review illustrate that multiple glial and neuronal autoantibodies can co-occur, that points to a paraneoplastic etiology, above all ovarian teratoma or thymoma. Clinical manifestation can be a mixture of typically associated syndromes, e.g. ataxia associated with anti-ITPR1 antibodies, encephalomyelitis with anti-GFAPα antibodies and longitudinal extensive myelitis with anti-MOG antibodies.