bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing QoE based on Machine Learning in Cloud infrastructure
Authors: Louati Fatma , Jouini Oumayma , sethom kaouthar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The cloud computing paradigm has recently attracted many industries and academic attention. It provides network access on demand and offers applications, platforms, or access to a shared pool of hardware and software resources. For traditional deployment, the user reserves the most required resources. However, this system does not guarantee an optimal use of resources and is not profitable for users. The characteristic feature of the elasticity of the cloud Computing gives the Cloud the ability to perform an automatic up / down scale resources proportional to demand. However, classical deployment only considers the use of resources based on alarm, and does not consider the quality perceived by the end user. The aim of this paper is to set up a private IAAS Cloud infrastructure and complete it by supervision tools so we could optimize the management of the cloud elasticity based on users’ point of view or QoE. We have also used a Machine learning algorithm to predict the load charge of the physical machines of the cloud so that providers could manage efficiently their data centers.
Evaluation of Peripheral Dose for Varian Trilogy Linear Accelerator
Authors: Yang Bo , Pang Tingtian , Sun Xiansong , Dong Tingting , Li Rui , Hu Ke , Zhang Fuquan , Qiu Jie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective To measure and evaluate the peripheral dose(PD) for Trilogy linear accelerator in different setup condition and investigate the feasibility of the diode dosimetric system to measure the peripheral dose.Methods Peripheral dose were measured using a CC13 ionization chamber and the diode dosimetric system in a set of solid water phantom. Measurements were performed for different depths, field sizes, physical and virtual wedge, radiation beam energy and up at distance of 1cm to 31cm beyond the field edges. PD is separated into PDleakage and PDscatter by measure peripheral dose with or without scattering phantom. CRIS phantom was used for this research with the diode dosimetric system at the interest points of the breast, thyroid, and lens.Results All the measure data were normalized to isocenter. The measured PD decreases exponentially as a function of distance up to 31cm from the edge. PD shows no significant relevant to depth and it increases with the increased field size. As the physics wedge angle increase, PD increases about 1%, but enhanced dynamic wedge decreased 2-3% compared with open field. As the beam energy increase, PD decreased. All PD data difference less than 1% between CC13 ionization chamber and diode. The PD of CRIS phantom for Volume Modulated ARC Therapy (VMAT) is minimum and the mean dose for breast、thyroid and lens is 6.72 mGy、2.90 mGy and 2.37 mGy respectively.Conclusion The diode dosimetric system provides an sufficient assessment in peripheral regions of 6MV X-ray beam. PD changes because of field size、depth、beam energy etc and the assessment of PD would be helpful to evaluate the dose received by the relevant critical structures near the treatment field. Furthermore it is advantaged to use external shielding for critical organs.
Basil Polysaccharide Reverses Development of Experimental Model of Sepsis-Induced Secondary Staphylococcus Aureus Pneumonia
Authors: Chen Xi , He Yue , Wei Qiang , Wang Chuanjiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Basil polysaccharide (BPS) represents a main active ingredient extracted from Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), which can regulate secondary bacterial pneumonia development in the process of sepsis-mediated immunosuppression.Methods: In this study, a dual model of sepsis-induced secondary pneumonia with cecal ligation and puncture and intratracheal instillation of Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa was constructed.Results: The results indicated that BPS treated mice undergoing CLP showed resistance to secondary S. aureus pneumonia. Compared with the IgG treated group, BPS treated mice exhibited better survival rate along with higher bacterial clearance rate. Additionally, BPS treatment attenuated cell apoptosis, enhanced lymphocytes and macrophages recruitment to the lung, promoted pulmonary cytokine production, and significantly enhanced CC receptor ligand 4 (CCL4). Notably, recombinant CCL4 protein could enhance the protective effect on S. aureus-induced secondary pulmonary infection of septic mice, which indicated that BPS induced CCL4 partially mediated resistance to secondary bacterial pneumonia. In addition, BPS priming markedly promoted the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages while killing S. aureus in vitro, which was related to the enhanced p38MAPK signal transduction pathway activation. Moreover, BPS also played a protective role in sepsis-induced secondary S. aureus pneumonia by inducing Treg cell differentiation.Conclusions: Collectively, these results shed novel lights on the BPS treatment mechanism in sepsis-induced secondary S. aureus pneumonia in mice.
GaAs Periodic Half Octagonal Cut Based Nano Texturized Hexagonal Shaped Nanopillar Array Structure for Highly Responsivephotodetector’s Performance
Authors: Baruah Smriti , Maity Santanu , Bora Joyatri 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Efficient light absorption is the most crucial factor for high spectral responsive photodetection phenomenon. Nanopillars for photodetection constitute a great opportunity in enhancing the light absorption efficiency along with reducing the electrical cross-section of the device. Here an analytical investigation of a proposed periodic GaAs material based half octagonal cut based vertically oriented hexagonal nanopillar array deployed over a 5um x 5um front detector’s surface has been done for attaining an optimum light absorbance by reducing the surface reflectivity of the incoming photons. The geometrical analysis of the proposed model exhibits a 0.999 absorbance and 0.97A/W photoresponsivity along with 86% EQE at 1um operating wavelength.
Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Kümmell’s Disease With Thoracolumbar Kyphosis: A Minimal Two-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Cheng Hao , Wang Guo-dong , Li Tao , Liu Xiao-yang , Sun Jian-min 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the short to mid-term radiographic and clinical outcomes of the restoration of normal spinal alignment and sagittal balance in the treatment of Kümmell’s disease with thoracolumbar kyphosis. Methods: Between February 2016 and May 2018,30 cases of Kümmell’s disease with thoracolumbar kyphosis were divided into two groups (A and B) according to whether the kyphosis was combined with neurological deficits.All of the cases underwent surgical treatment to regain the normal spinal alignment and sagittal balance.And the radiographic outcomes and clinical results of these 30 patients were retrospectively evaluated.The sagittal imaging parameters including sagittal vertebral axis (SVA),thoracic kyphosis (TK),thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK),lumbar lordosis (LL),pelvic incidence (PI),pelvic tilt (PT),and sacral slope (SS)of the whole spine before operation,immediately after operation,and the last follow-up of each group were measured and evaluated.The clinical results included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of the two groups .Results: The average follow-up period of group A and B were 34.2 and 38.7 months respectively.The parameters of both groups such as SVA,TLK,and thoracolumbar Cobb angle after surgery and at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with those before surgery.The ODI and the NRS of the two groups at the last follow-up were also significantly improved. Conclusion: In the treatment of Kümmell’s disease with thoracolumbar kyphosis,to restore the normal alignment and sagittal balance can obtain a satisfactory radiographic and clinical short and medium-term effects.
Yoda1 Activates Piezo1 in Vitro to Simulate the Upregulation of Piezo1 in the Infected Brain: Piezo1 Participates in the Immune Activation of Microglia.
Authors: Luo Heguo , Liu Hailin , Bian Wengong , Chen Bochao , Yang Dongxia , Yang Mingmin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aim: The expression of Piezo1 in reactive glial cells in the peripherally infected patient's brain was upregulated. This study aimed to determine whether Piezo1 is involved in the immune activation of microglial cells induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides.Materials and methods: BV2 cells were used as a model of brain microglia. In vitro, Yoda1 was used to activate Piezo1 in BV2 cells, and Piezo1 was simulated for LPS-induced Piezo1 activation to evaluate the role of Piezo1 in microglial inflammatory activation.Key findings: In vitro, LPS upregulates the expression of Piezo1 in microglial cells through TLR4. In the absence of LPS, Yoda1 treatment of microglia produced similar immune function changes as LPS treatment. This indicates that Piezo1 plays a role in LPS-induced microglial immune activation. Specifically, Piezo1-mediated Ca2+ signals are involved in the immune activation of microglia. Piezo1-mediated Ca2+ regulates multiple signaling mechanisms downstream of TLR4, including the JNK1, mTOR and NF-κB signaling pathways, which are related to the immune activation of microglia.Significance: Piezo1 is involved in the immune response of microglia to LPS. Changes in Piezo1 activity may play an indispensable role in the immune response of microglia, and mechanical environmental changes may affect neuroinflammatory progression through Piezo1.
Collaborative Care in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in India: Findings From A Multi-Stakeholder, Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Singh Kavita , Huffman Mark D. , Tandon Nikhil , Devarajan Raji , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Mendenhall Emily 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is pervasive in India, and little is known about the perception of patients and providers about collaborative care in secondary prevention of CVD. To fill this gap, we performed a needs assessment and investigated the barriers and facilitators of the collaborative quality improvement (C-QIP) strategy for secondary prevention of CVD in India.Methods. Between September 2019 – February 2020, we conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with providers, health administrators, patients and caregivers to understand the challenges and facilitators of the C-QIP strategy consisting of electronic health records-decision support system (EHR-DSS), non-physician health worker and text messages for healthy lifestyle. Also, data were analyzed from the lens of consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) to guide effective implementation of the C-QIP strategy. We used an iterative approach for qualitative data analysis based on the framework method. Results. We interviewed 38 physicians, 14 non-physician health workers (nurses, community health workers, pharmacists), 4 health administrators, 16 patients and their caregivers. Challenges perceived from providers’ and health administrators’ perspectives to implement quality in CVD care were related to CFIR actors and inner and outer settings: high patient volume, too few specialists, time-constraints, physician burnout, lack of robust communication system or referral linkage, paucity of electronic health records, lack of patient counsellors, polypharmacy and lack of sustainable financing schemes for outpatient services. In addition, low health literacy, high cost of treatment, misinformation bias, and difficulty in maintaining lifestyle changes were key barriers from patients’ and caregivers’ perspectives. Potential benefits of the C-QIP strategy emerged, such as standardized treatment protocol to minimize variation in care, reduced medication errors, improved physician-patient relationships, and enhanced self-care management. However, concerns were raised about feasibility, adoption, and implementation of EHR-DSS across heterogenous healthcare settings, including related to interoperability, patient confidentiality and data security, appropriateness across diverse patient groups, and care delivery costs.Conclusions. Our findings reveal context-specific, patient-, provider- and health system factors that will influence C-QIP strategy implementation in India. Strategies to optimize chronic care of CVD need to be low-cost, culturally acceptable, targeted, and integrated into existing systems and care pathways to be successful.
Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Improves Liver Function Compared with Endoscopic Variceal Ligation
Authors: Hayashi Tsuguru , Watanabe Tatsuyuki , Shibata Michihiko , Kumei Shinsuke , Oe Shinji , Miyagawa Koichiro , Honma Yuichi , Harada Masaru 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Liver function is a most important prognostic factor in patients with liver cirrhosis. Also, portal hypertension is a fatal complication of liver cirrhosis and variceal treatment is indispensable. However, changes of liver functions after endoscopic variceal treatments are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate liver functions after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL). A total of liver cirrhotic 103 patients who underwent prophylactic EIS and EVL were enrolled. Liver functions were assessed by blood test taken at before and 3 months after EIS and EVL. In EIS group, albumin and prothrombin time improved significantly (p < 0.01), which led to improvement of Child-Pugh score, ALBI score and MELD score (p < 0.05). However, these factors did not improve in EVL group. Overall survival (OS) rate was significantly higher in EIS group than EVL group. Subsequently, in EIS group patients who improved albumin showed significantly better OS than those who did not improved. In multivariate analysis, improvement of albumin at 3 months after EIS was associated with better prognosis (HR: 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.19- 0.77, p = 0.007). These results revealed that EIS could improve liver functions and prognosis.
Maternal Region of Origin and Small for Gestational Age: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Victorian Perinatal Data.
Authors: Grundy Sarah , Lee Patricia , Small Kirsten , Ahmed Faruk 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBeing born small for gestational age is a strong predictor of the short- and long-term health of the neonate, child, and adult. Variation in the rates of small for gestational age have been identified across population groups in high income countries, including Australia. Understanding the factors contributing to these population group differences may assist clinicians to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with being born small. Victoria, in addition to New South Wales, accounts for the largest proportion of net overseas migration and births in Australia. The aim of this research was to analyse how migration was associated with small for gestational age in Victoria.Methods This was a cross sectional population health study of singleton births in Victoria from 2009 to 2018 (n = 708,475). The prevalence of being born small for gestational age (SGA; < 10th centile) was determined for maternal country of origin groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the association between maternal region of origin and SGA.Results Maternal region of origin was an independent risk factor for SGA in Victoria (p < .001), with a prevalence of SGA for migrant women of 11.3% (n = 27,815) and 7.3% for Australian born women (n = 33,749). Women from South East Asia, South Central Asia, or Sub Saharan Africa, OR 1.75 (95%CI: 1.70 to 1.8), women from North and North East Africa, Middle East, OR 1.40 (95%CI: 1.35 to 1.45) and migrant women from the Americas, Europe, and Oceania, OR1.06 (95%CI: 1.02 to 1.12) more likely to birth an SGA child in comparison to women born in Australia.Conclusions Victorian woman’s region of origin was an independent risk factor for SGA. Variation in the rates of SGA between maternal regions of origin indicates additional factors such as, a woman’s pre migration exposures, the context of the migration journey, settlement conditions and the social environment post migration impact the potential for SGA. These findings highlight the importance of intergenerational improvements to the wellbeing of migrant women and their children. Further research is required to identify modifiable elements that contribute to birthweight differences across population groups.
Clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in suspected central nervous system infectious pediatric patients with empirical treatment: a cohort study
Authors: Guo Bin-Fang , Ding Meng-Xiao , Xue Jing-Ru , Yan Dan-Ni , Sun Su-Zhen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) is becoming an increasingly available diagnostic method used to identify a broad range of pathogens. However, the optimal role of mNGS in clinical diagnostic schema remains uncertain, especially in pediatric patients suspected central nervous system (CNS) infection and treated with empirical antibiotic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mNGS in the pediatric patients.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of suspected CNS infection patients who had CSF mNGS test from April 2019 to December 2020. Results and clinical impact of mNGS test were collected. We investigated the usefulness of CSF mNGS in clinical impact and diagnosis. Results: We enrolled 57 pediatric patients with empirical treatment. A total of 39 CNS infection patients were diagnosed, and 27 patients were identified by mNGS that only 2 of 27 were co-identified by CSF culture. In all of the patients, 75.4% (45 cases) had changed (addition or de-escalation) in antimicrobial therapy according to the results of the mNGS test. By each CSF mNGS test as a whole, the positive and negative percent agreement were 69.2% (95% CI: 54.1-84.4%) and 61.1% (95% CI: 36.2-86.1%), respectively, and true negatives of negative mNGS tests were 50% (95% CI: 27.3 – 72.7%).Conclusion: In this study, CSF mNGS test improved the diagnosis of neurologic infections and adjusted antibiotic therapy in the vast majority of cases. Consequently, for patients with empirical treatment, CSF mNGS should be used more in pathogen diagnosis and clinical therapy.
Study the Structure and Dynamics of Antifungal Agent Ketoconazole by CSA and Site-Specific Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time Measurements
Authors: Dey Krishna Kishor , Ghosh Manasi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An azole antifungal agent, ketoconazole, is widely used in the treatment of mucosal fungal infections related to AIDS immunosuppression, organ transplantation, and cancer chemotherapy. The structure and dynamics of ketoconazole are thoroughly studied by chemical shift anisotropy tensor and site-specific spin-lattice relaxation time measurements. The molecular correlation time at crystallographically different carbon sites is calculated by considering that the spin-lattice relaxation mechanism for the 13C nucleus is mainly governed by chemical shift anisotropy interaction and hetero-nuclear dipole-dipole coupling. The CSA parameters at the crystallographically distinct sites of ketoconazole are determined by two-dimensional phase adjusted spinning sideband (2D PASS) cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) solid-state NMR experiment. The site-specific spin-lattice relaxation time is measured by the Torchia CP experiment. The spin-lattice relaxation rate is slow for all the carbon nuclei sites except C2, C3, C4, C5, and C26 carbon nuclei reside on the piperazine ring and the methyl group. It suggests the close-pack arrangement of the molecule due to π-π stacking interaction. The molecular correlation time of all the carbon atoms reside on the benzene ring, 1,3-dioxolane ring, imidazole ring, and the 2,4-dichlorobenzene ring is of the order of 10-4 s, while it is of the order of 10-7 s for carbon atoms reside on the piperazine ring. The CSA parameters of the carbon nuclei on the piperazine ring (C2, C3, C4, C5), and the methyl group (C26) are very low compared to other carbon nuclei. The CSA parameters are very high for carbon nuclei reside on the benzene ring, imidazole ring, and the 2,4-dichlorobenzene ring due to the presence of π-electrons. A huge variation of the spin-lattice relaxation time and the molecular correlation time are observed for numerous carbon nuclei situated on the side-chain of ketoconazole. The spin-lattice relaxation time varies from 500 s to 8 s, and the molecular correlation time varies in the range of 10-4s to 10-7s. These types of investigations portrayed the correlation between the structure and dynamics of the antifungal drug ketoconazole, which will help to develop the advanced antifungal drugs. Additionally, the CSA information of the drug molecules will be immensely useful for NMR crystallography.
Aspartate Aminotransferase to Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio is Associated with Frailty and Mortality in Older Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Maeda Daichi , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Jujo Kentaro , Saito Kazuya , Kamiya Kentaro , Saito Hiroshi , Ogasahara Yuki , Maekawa Emi , Konishi Masaaki , Kitai Takeshi , Iwata Kentaro , Wada Hiroshi , Hiki Masaru , Dotare Taishi , Sunayama Tsutomu , Kasai Takatoshi , Nagamatsu Hirofumi , Ozawa Tetsuya , Izawa Katsuya , Yamamoto Shuhei , Aizawa Naoki , Yonezawa Ryusuke , Oka Kazuhiro , Momomura Shin-ichi , Matsue Yuya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Frailty is a common comorbidity associated with adverse events in patients with heart failure, and early recognition is key to improving its management. We hypothesized that the AST to ALT ratio (AAR) could be a marker of frailty in patients with heart failure. Data from FRAGILE-HF study were analyzed. A total of 1,327 patients aged ≥ 65 years with hospitalized heart failure were divided into three groups based on their AAR at discharge: low AAR (AAR < 1.16, n = 434); middle AAR (1.16 ≤ AAR < 1.70, n = 487); high AAR (AAR ≥ 1.70, n = 406). The primary endpoint was one-year mortality. The association between AAR and physical function were also assessed. High AAR was associated with lower short physical performance battery and shorter 6-minute walk distance, and these associations were independent of age and sex. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high AAR was an independent marker of physical frailty after adjustment for age and sex. During follow-up, all-cause death occurred in 161 patients. After adjusting for confounding factors, high AAR was associated with all-cause death (low AAR vs. high AAR, hazard ratio: 1.57, 95% confidence interval, 1.02–2.42; P = 0.040). In conclusion, AAR is a marker for frailty and prognostic of all-cause mortality in older patients with heart failure.