bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desarticulación de la máquina antropológica en “Axolotl” de Julio Cortázar.
Authors: Cruz-Grunerth Gerardo 
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN: La literatura de Julio Cortázar ha expresado en diversos momentos la cuestión animal, dando constancia de su habilidad para exponer la percepción del tiempo animal, su espacio, su campo visual, su umwelt, el medio del animal (vox Uexküll). En este artículo se analiza la obra “Axolotl” (1956), como pieza crucial de las preocupaciones de Cortázar en su búsqueda por confrontar la máquina antropológica, vista como la forma de negación de la animalidad humana y la subordinación de lo animal, según Giorgio Agamben. De ahí que la hipótesis de este artículo sostiene que “Axolotl”, más que expresar una confrontación humano-animal, incide en el devenir-animal (Deleuze y Guattari) como vía de acceso a una posibilidad ontológica. Con ello, el devenir animal conforma un dispositivo de oposición y desarticulación de la máquina antropológica, a través de líneas de fuga y desterritorializaciones; además, en el plano discursivo, esta ficción plantea la posibilidad para una zoo-autobiografía, una capacidad compartida para producir un discurso del yo, animal y humano, ambos como animales autobiográficos (Derrida).

ABSTRACT: Julio Cortázar's literature has expressed the animal question on many occasions, giving evidence of his ability to expose animals' perception of time, space, and visual field, the umwelt, the medium of the animal (vox Uexküll). This article analyzes the work “Axolotl” (1956), as a crucial piece of Cortázar's concerns in his search to confront the anthropological machine, seen it as the form of denial of human animality and the subordination of what is animal, according to Giorgio Agamben. Consequently, this article's hypothesis maintains that Axolotl, rather than expressing a human-animal confrontation, affects the becoming-animal as a way to access an ontological possibility. Thus, the becoming-animal (Deleuze and Guattari) forms a device of opposition and disarticulation of the anthropological machine through lines of flight and deterritorializations. Furthermore, on the discursive plane, this fiction raises the possibility for a zoo-autobiography, which implies a shared capacity to produce a self, animal and human, discourse, considering both as autobiographical animals (Derrida).
Paiches, huanganas e isangos. Repensar el antropoceno a través de la literatura oral y escrita amazónica peruana
Authors: Pau Stefano 
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN: Tomando como punto de partida las reflexiones de estudiosos como Philippe Descola o Boaventura de Sousa Santos sobre la necesidad de repensar las relaciones entre humanos y no-humanos, con el fin de buscar alternativas al proceso autodestructivo conocido con el controvertido nombre de Antropoceno, parece oportuno dirigir la mirada hacia la selva amazónica. En efecto, el espacio amazónico es “altamente transformacional” (Rivière) y se vive en él una frecuente inestabilidad ontológica que difumina las fronteras entre las especies. Las narraciones de las vivencias de los animales, por ejemplo, no son usadas solo como simbolización de algún antagonismo o desequilibrio social, sino que son frecuentemente percibidas como realidades. En el artículo, enmarcado en el ámbito de los estudios ecocríticos, se creará un diálogo entre algunos relatos orales –cuyos protagonistas son animales– y la novela del pintor y escritor peruano César Calvo de Araújo titulada Paiche (1963), nombre que es, además, el de uno de los mayores peces de los ríos amazónicos. A través de estas creaciones de literatura oral y escrita se reflexionará sobre el tema de los desequilibrios sociales y de la conciencia de clase como medio para repensar cómo habitar la Tierra.

ABSTRACT: Taking as a starting point the considerations of scholars such as Philippe Descola and Boaventura de Sousa Santos on the need to rethink the relations between humans and non-humans in order to seek alternatives to the self-destructive process known by the controversial label of the Anthropocene, it seems appropriate to look at the Amazon rainforest. Indeed, the Amazonian space is “highly transformational” (Rivière), and there is a frequent ontological instability that blurs the boundaries between species. Narratives of animal experiences, for example, are not only used as a symbolisation of some antagonism or social inequality, but are often perceived as realities. In this article, framed in the field of ecocritical studies, a dialogue will be created between some oral stories whose protagonists are animals and the novel by the Peruvian painter and writer César Calvo de Araújo entitled Paiche (1963), which is also the name of one of the largest fish in the Amazonian rivers. Through these creations of oral and written literature, we will reflect on the theme of social inequalities and class consciousness as a means of rethinking how to inhabit the Earth.
Outcomes and Patient Safety in Overlapping vs. Nonoverlapping Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Malahias Michael-Alexander , Antoniadou Thekla , Jang Seong J. , Dimopoulos Leonidas , Windsor Eric N. , Loucas Marios , Gkiatas Ioannis , Gu Alex , Manolopoulos Philip P. , Denti Matteo , Sculco Peter K. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Overlapping surgery is defined as two cases occurring in separate operating rooms (ORs), where the same attending surgeon conducts the critical surgical portions of each case at different times. Although it has been suggested that this established practice may improve the utilization of resources, allow for more opportunities to teach surgical trainees, and facilitate timely access to care, there is still no consensus on its use in elective orthopaedic surgery, such as total joint arthroplasty (TJA).

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was done according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify articles investigating the use of overlapping and single operating room TJA. Relevant data, including surgical time, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, mortality rate, revision rate, and readmission rate, were extracted and recorded.

Results:
Six articles were included (35,938 patients: 17,677 overlapping and 18,261 nonoverlapping). Overall revision rates were 1.2% and 1.1% for the overlapping and nonoverlapping cohorts, respectively (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93 to 1.53). The overall intraoperative complication rate was 1.6% for both cohorts (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.23), and the overall postoperative orthopaedic complication rates were 2.0% and 1.95% within the overlapping and nonoverlapping OR cohorts, respectively (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.29). The readmission rate was 4.6% in the overlapping group and 4.2% in the nonoverlapping group (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.11). Two studies with comparable groups reported markedly increased surgical time in the overlapping group compared with the nonoverlapping group.

Discussion:
Overlapping surgery was found to be as safe as nonoverlapping surgery in patients undergoing TJA. Although overlapping TJA surgery is associated with satisfactory short-term revision rates, prolonged follow-up is required to further assess the medium-term and long-term outcomes of overlapping surgery compared with nonoverlapping surgery. Finally, although overlapping TJA surgery might be associated with increased OR time, this difference is not clinically relevant.
Risk Stratification of Operatively Treated Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures Reveals Differences in Short-Term Outcomes and Procedure Costs Between Sliding Hip Screw Versus Short Cephalomedullary Nail
Authors: Konda Sanjit , Ranson Rachel , Lott Ariana , Assefa Tensae , Johnson Joseph , Ganta Abhishek , Egol Kenneth 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
This study sought to retrospectively compare short-term outcomes between sliding hip screw (SHS) fixation versus short cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) in a risk-stratified cohort of geriatric intertrochanteric hip fracture patients. Data of 458 patients, aged 55 years and older, who sustained intertrochanteric fractures (OTA 31A1-3) and were treated with either SHS or short CMN from October 2014 to March 2019 were collected. Patient demographics, injury severity, and functional status were used to calculate a score using the Score for Trauma Triage in the Geriatric and Middle-Aged system. Based on the Score for Trauma Triage in the Geriatric and Middle-Aged tool, 229 patients (50%) were placed into a low-risk cohort, whereas 229 patients (50%) were placed into a high-risk cohort.

Results:
Four hundred eleven patients were treated with CMN and 47 patients were treated with SHS. Procedural time was shorter for low- and high-risk patients treated with CMN versus SHS. Need for transfusion did not differ between implant types in either risk cohort. In the high-risk cohort, incidence of major complications and number of overall inpatient complications were higher in the SHS group. In the low-risk cohort, patients with SHS were discharged home more often and ambulated a greater distance before discharge. Although total costs did not differ between groups, procedural costs were lower in the SHS group for both risk cohorts. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that implant type was a significant predictor of all aforementioned significant bivariate analyses.

Conclusion:
In low-risk and high-risk patients, those treated with CMN had shorter surgical time but higher procedural costs. A decrease in implant cost may optimize the value of shorter procedural times associated with CMN use, especially for high-risk patients. Our results suggested that high-risk hip fracture patients should be treated with CMN for both stable and unstable fractures and low-risk stable fracture patterns should be treated with SHS.
Students` Perspectives on the Use of Innovative and Interactive Teaching Methods at the University of Nouakchott Al Aasriya, Mauritania: English Department as a Case Study
Authors: Eli Taleb 
Published: December 2021

This study was carried to inspect students` views on the use of innovative and interactive teaching methods used in the English studies major at the University of Nouakchott Al Aasriya, Mauritania. This was a corollary of the fact that innovation in teaching, regardless the nature of the course or subject, has become a buzz word in the academic institutions. A quantitative research methodology was used and the data were collected from 101 students from the English Department. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS as an attempt to provide descriptive statistics to verify the students` perception of the use of innovative and interactive teaching methods. The findings of the study revealed that 91.1% of the students believe that their teachers do use some of the innovative and interactive teaching methods in their classes; still, 70.3% of the respondents were in favor of continuous trainings for teachers on the use of innovative and interactive teaching methods, which is a very alarming percentage. Also, the findings of this study have some significant implications such as the necessity to move from teaching to learning as an attempt to make learning an enjoyable and memorable experience. The results of this study contribute to literature by concentrating on the use of innovative and interactive teaching methods in Mauritanian higher education institutes.

Keywords: Innovative, Interactive, Teaching Methods, Students, Higher Education, Mauritania
INKLUSION I DET DIGITALE FÆLLESSKAB
Authors: Skovgaard Mads , Bendixen Søren Elias 
Published: December 2021

Med udgangspunkt i et lokalt hackerfællesskab på Manhattan i New York City udforskes i denne artikel de sociale og politiske omstændigheder, der udspiller sig i udviklingen af software til politiske formål. Hackerfællesskabet definerer sig selv som en del af Den Progressive Bevægelse, en venstreorienteret bevægelse, der er inspireret af institutionelt uafhængige og decentraliserede politiske bevægelser som Occupy Wall Street, men alligevel arbejder for at få politikere, som de er enige med, valgt ind i etablerede politiske embedspositioner. Hackerfællesskabet mødes for at (videre)udvikle open source-software, der skal bidrage til det progressive politiske projekt. Det er tidligere blevet beskrevet i antropologisk litteratur, hvordan open source-softwarehackerfællesskaber lader sig guide af en bestemt liberalt inspireret hackermoral, men ved Den Politiske Hack Night introduceres ligeledes et progressivt ideal om inklusion som et ledende aspekt i organiseringen. Denne artikel undersøger således, hvad der sker, når hackerfællesskaber opstår i kraft af en venstreorienteret politisk agenda og dermed udformer sig i skæringspunktet mellem hacking af open source-software og progressiv politik. I forlængelse af dette argumenterer artiklen for, at denne form for politisk motiveret hacking kan forstås i lyset af Claude Lévi-Strauss’ begreb bricolage, da denne form for hacking forener umiddelbart modsatrettede idealer i et samlet repertoire, der skaber rammerne for den sociale og politiske aktivitet omkring hackerfællesskabet. Vores analyse illustrerer endvidere, hvordan de forskellige politiske og moralske dele af vores informanters repertoire løbende er til forhandling og kontinuerligt udvikles i relation til hinanden inden for rammerne af den eksisterende bricolage.
Søgeord: hacking, politik, progressivisme, inklusion, open source-software, bricolage
DEN TAKSONOMISKE TAKTSTOK
Authors: Madsen Stig Toft 
Published: December 2021

Nærværende artikel tager udgangspunkt i ny viden om fuglenes evolution på forskellige taksonomiske niveauer. Især artsniveauet nyder hobbyornitologernes bevågenhed, idet en videnskabeligt sanktioneret taksonomi på artsniveau muliggør en indbyrdes kappestrid om at opdage og afkrydse det størst mulige antal arter på forskellige afkrydsningslister. Fordi mange amatørornitologer har opbygget en høj grad af ekspertise, er de i stand til at interagere med professionelle eksperter. Feltfolket udgør på denne måde både en ressource for videnskaben og et eksternt, eller subalternt, korrektur, som i praksis kan gøre krav på at føre „taksonomiens taktstok“. Artiklen gennemgår otte udvalgte events i efteråret 2019 for at illustrere, hvordan sjældne fugle opdages, bestemmes og – ikke mindst ved granskning af fotos – efterbestemmes. Videnskabssociologien har siden 1960’erne udviklet sig i en postmodernistisk retning, som i sine identitetspolitiske afskygninger i 2020 blandt andet førte til, at Carl von Linné blev anklaget for at være den videnskabelige racismes grundlægger. Identitetspolitikken kan udgøre en udfordring for ornitologien, men foreløbig står idéen om, at arter har en central plads i den taksonomiske orden til troende. Ikke alt er sløret og multipelt, som postmodernismen foreskriver.
Søgeord: ornitologi, fuglearter, taksonomi, ekspertise, falsifikation, postmodernisme
Narratiiv ja topos Heino Elleri “Sümfoonilises legendis”
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Semiotics, University of Tartu, Estonia, Pihel Karl Joosep 
Published: December 2021

This article focuses on the narrative analysis of late-romantic instrumental music. Having adopted the structuralist-semiotic conception of musical narrative as proposed by Byron Almén (2008) as the transvaluation of an opposing hierarchy, and the concept of the musical topic as musical elements with specific stylistic-cultural associations, I analyse the expressive form of Heino Eller’s early symphonic poem “Symphonic Legend” (1923). Narrative logic was found to permeate the musical work despite its collage or suite-like form, as the composer introduces characteristic musical actors that re-appear in different musical contexts. These actors are largely distinguished by musical topics, the conventional stylistic associations related with their musical characteristics as Eller’s piece presents a wide synthesis of styles – from musical impressionism and expressionism to lyrical or chromatic late-romantic; and various topics, such as fantastic, ombra, apassionata, pianto, heroic, and pastoral. Further, I propose a layered narrative structure for the “Symphonic Legend”, as the jarring and abrupt changes in musical material, affect and topic between different movements of the piece suggest shifts in the level of musical discourse and a framed narrative, as proposed by Hatten (1994). The primary order-imposing hierarchy is identified as the pastoral-impressionist topic that acts as the introduction and coda to the entire piece while the transgressive hierarchy is carried by antagonistic musical material associated with fantastical and dysphoric topics (whole-tone scale, chromaticism, fanfare-like brass and ombra) and with the main theme-actor of the piece (a theme strongly resembling the main theme of the first part of Rimsky-Korsakov’s “Scheherezade”). While the pastoral beginning and end of the piece (1st and 11th sections) suggest a narrative trajectory of a romance or “the victory of the order-imposing hierarchy over the transgression”, the abrupt shifts that occur between those sections and the middle-sections of the piece suggest that these take place at a different level of discourse, placing the narrative weight in sections 2–10, where the primary conflict seems to be between the antagonistic material and the theme-actor. In the middle sections Eller seems to problematize the typical narrative trajectory of dysphoric to euphoric in 19th-century symphonic poems, as the theme-actor’s heroic apotheosis in the 9th section is undermined by its reprise in section 10 and ultimate inability to be united with the order-imposing hierarchy in the coda, suggesting an ironic narrative. This reading is hopefully the first of many narrative analyses of Eller’s and other Estonian composers’ unique late-romantic and early modern symphonic poems.
A cross-sectional study for the mental health status and sleep quality among college students in Macao during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tao Xiaoyu , Chen Dong , Fan Yawen , Zhang Lanxin , Shan Houqian , Wei Yi , Yu Xi , Zhong Tian , Wang Ling , Chung Sookja Kim , Yu Yaqin , Xiao Ying 
Published: December 2021

Objectives
The main focus of this study was to investigate the effect of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health condition and sleep quality of college students in Macao. In addition, the students’ behaviours during the pandemic, such as drinking alcohol, taking sleeping pills, and seeking psychological counselling were analyzed.

Method
A cross-sectional survey of mental health and sleep quality status, as well as the possible behavioral risk factors, was conducted among the college students of Macao in August, 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online self-report questionnaire survey method was applied to assess the general demographics and related lifestyle behaviors of students. The general mental health condition and sleep quality were evaluated through the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires, respectively. The main statistical methods included the Chi-square test, Bonferroni correction, and Pearson correlation. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 24.0.

Results
A total of 980 students were investigated in the study, of which 977 completed the survey. During the COVID-19 pandemic period, overall college students in Macao were psychologically well adjusted and reported good quality of sleep. However, female students were in poorer psychological condition than males (P < 0.05). Moreover, the students over 20 years of age had poorer sleep quality than students aged less than or equal to 20 (P < 0.05). The significant differences were found among the students in different study majors for the mental health status and sleep quality (both P < 0.05), which were associated with certain behaviors, such as drinking alcohol, taking sleeping pills, and seeking for help in psychological counselling during the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Conclusions
Poor mental health status could be either the consequence or cause of sleep disturbance, which might further affected physical health. Therefore, regular assessment of mental health condition and sleep quality of college students is particularly necessary during public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and appropriate intervention should be provided to the students.
Rapid detection ofEnterococcusand vancomycin resistance using recombinase polymerase amplification
Authors: Panpru Pimchanok , Srisrattakarn Arpasiri , Panthasri Nuttanun , Tippayawat Patcharaporn , Chanawong Aroonwadee , Tavichakorntrakool Ratree , Daduang Jureerut , Wonglakorn Lumyai , Lulitanond Aroonlug 
Published: December 2021

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), especiallyEnterococcus faecium, have been a global concern, often causing serious healthcare-associated infections. We established a rapid approach for detectingE. faeciumand vancomycin-resistance genes (vanAandvanB) in clinical samples using isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with a lateral-flow (LF) strip. Specific RPA primer sets and probes forddl(to identify the presence ofE. faecium)vanAandvanBgenes were designed. The RPA reaction was performed under isothermal condition at 37 °C within 20 min and read using the LF strip within a further 5 min. A total of 141 positive blood-cultures and 136 stool/rectal swab samples were tested using RPA-LF method compared to the conventional PCR method. The RPA-LF method exhibited 100% sensitivity in both blood-culture (60E. faecium; 35vanAtype and twovanBtype) and stool/rectal-swab samples (63E. faeciumand 36vanAtype) without cross-reaction (100% specificity). The lower detection limit of the RPA-LF was approximately 10 times better than that of the conventional PCR method. The RPA-LF method is an alternative rapid method with excellent sensitivity and specificity for detectingE. faecium,vanA, andvanB, and it has the potential to be used as a point-of-care device for VRE therapy and prevention.
Functional analysis of a Phytophthora host-translocated effector using the yeast model system
Authors: Wilson Avery C. , Morgan William R. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Phytophthora plant pathogens secrete effector proteins that are translocated into host plant cells during infection and collectively contribute to pathogenicity. A subset of these host-translocated effectors can be identified by the amino acid motif RXLR (arginine, any amino acid, leucine, arginine). Bioinformatics analysis has identified hundreds of putative RXLR effector genes in Phytophthora genomes, but the specific molecular function of most remains unknown.

Methods
Here we describe initial studies to investigate the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model to explore the function of Phytophthora RXLR effector proteins.

Results and Conclusions
Expression of individual RXLR effectors in yeast inhibited growth, consistent with perturbation of a highly conserved cellular process. Transcriptome analysis of yeast cells expressing the poorly characterized P. sojae RXLR effector Avh110 identified nearly a dozen yeast genes whose expression levels were altered greater than two-fold compared to control cells. All five of the most down-regulated yeast genes are normally induced under low phosphate conditions via the PHO4 transcription factor, indicating that PsAvh110 perturbs the yeast regulatory network essential for phosphate homeostasis and suggesting likely PsAvh110 targets during P. sojae infection of its soybean host.