bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in measures of cognitive function in patients with end-stage kidney disease on dialysis and the effect of dialysis vintage: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Murali Karumathil M. , Mullan Judy , Roodenrys Steven , Cheikh Hassan Hicham I. , Lonergan Maureen 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Prevalence of cognitive impairment increases with worsening severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and majority of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on dialysis have cognitive impairment. Trends of cognitive function (CF) in this population are less well known with published studies reporting conflicting results.

Methods
We assessed CF in a cohort of non-dialysis CKD and ESKD patients undergoing dialysis using modified mini-mental state examination (3MS), trail-making test (TMT-A & B) scores and Stroop task, and evaluated demographics, comorbidities and depression using Beck depression inventory at baseline. We repeated tests of CF and depression ≥ 1-year after baseline in both groups and compared change scores in CF and depression between ESKD/ CKD sub-groups. Among ESKD patients we compared change scores between patients with dialysis vintage of <1-year and >1-year. Analysis of covariance was used to adjust for the effect of age on these change scores.

Results
At baseline (N = 211), compared to CKD (N = 108), ESKD (N = 103) patients had significantly worse CF based on 3MS and TMT-A & B scores, and depression scores. On follow-up (N = 160) 3MS scores, especially the memory subscale significantly improved in ESKD, but worsened in CKD, with no significant changes in TMT A /TMT-B, or depression scores after adjusting for age. Among ESKD patients, 3MS, especially memory subscale improved in patients with dialysis vintage <1-year compared to >1-year. The 51 patients who discontinued after baseline assessment had worse baseline CF scores suggesting differential attrition.

Conclusion
Though baseline cognitive scores were worse in ESKD patients on dialysis, compared to CKD, their 3MS, especially memory subscale improved on follow-up. Among ESKD patients, the improvement was significant only in patients who have been on dialysis for less than one-year which may indicate a beneficial effect of clearance of uraemic toxins. Differential attrition of study subjects may have impacted the observed results.
To know as you draw: Exploring the city through drawing
Authors: Cardoso Tânia A. 
Published: May 2021

Standing apart from traditional illustration city illustrations are interpretations by illustrators that take urban space as their primary source. The practice of drawing in the city, what I call drawing in situ, is part of a methodology to construct city illustrations that aims to know as you go carrying out a performance that is not premeditated before departure but discovered along the way. These illustrated cities work as mediators between the physical city and the illustrator’s imagination striving to present alternative perspectives about urban space. In this paper, I reflect on how subjective approach and embodied experience in the city emphasize the illustrator’s skills to contemplate, understand, and synthesize the city in one or a series of drawings.
The results from drawing in situ become an extension of the illustrator’s body: intimately connected to movement and the direct experience of urban space. Far from simplifying the depiction of the city, the artistic practice as research explores the dynamics between different urban dimensions (architecture, moods, people, and stories) employing the artistic techniques better suited to expressively represent the illustrator’s encounter with the surrounding environment. My artistic practice as research, here presented, regards the different ways in which the dynamics of the city enhance, complement, or contradict urban perception and the understanding of urban space by the illustrator. It shows that the practice of drawing in situ is simultaneously engaging with and describing the city, experiencing, and learning through movement and creation. The drawing ability of the illustrator appears as a skilful way to disturb the usual perceptions of the cities focusing on the entanglements of lived experience in which the illustrator also takes part.
Multiple solutions and ground state solutions for a class of generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
Authors: Zhu Yuting , Chen Chunfang , Chen Jianhua , Yuan Chenggui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the following generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

u

t

+

u

x
x
x

+

(

h

(

u

)

)

x

=

D

x

−
1

Δ

y

u
,

{u}_{t}+{u}_{xxx}+{\left(h\left(u))}_{x}={D}_{x}^{-1}{\Delta }_{y}u,

where

(

t
,
x
,
y

)

∈

R

+

×
R
×

R

N
−
1

\left(t,x,y)\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{+}\times {\mathbb{R}}\times {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N-1}

,

N
≥
2

N\ge 2

,

D

x

−
1

f

(

x
,
y

)

=

∫

−
∞

x

f

(

s
,
y

)

d
s

{D}_{x}^{-1}f\left(x,y)={\int }_{-\infty }^{x}f\left(s,y){\rm{d}}s

,

f

t

=

∂
f

∂
t

{f}_{t}=\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}

,

f

x

=

∂
f

∂
x

{f}_{x}=\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}

and

Δ

y

=

∑

i
=
1

N
−
1

∂

2

∂

y

i

2

{\Delta }_{y}={\sum }_{i=1}^{N-1}\frac{{\partial }^{2}}{{\partial }_{{y}_{i}}^{2}}

. We get the existence of infinitely many nontrivial solutions under certain assumptions in bounded domain without Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition. Moreover, by using the method developed by Jeanjean [13], we establish the existence of ground state solutions in

R

N

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}

.
Weak and strong estimates for linear and multilinear fractional Hausdorff operators on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Deng Yangkendi , Zhang Xingsong , Yan Dunyan , Wei Mingquan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the weak and strong estimates for the linear and multilinear fractional Hausdorff operators on the Heisenberg group

H

n

{{\mathbb{H}}}^{n}

. A sharp strong estimate for

T

Φ

m

{T}_{\Phi }^{m}

is obtained. As an application, we derive the sharp constant for the product Hardy operator on

H

n

{{\mathbb{H}}}^{n}

. Some weak-type

(

p
,
q

)

\left(p,q)

(

1
≤
p
≤
∞

)

\left(1\le p\le \infty )

estimates for

T

Φ
,
β

{T}_{\Phi ,\beta }

are also obtained. As applications, we calculate some sharp weak constants for the fractional Hausdorff operator on the Heisenberg group. Besides, we give an explicit weak estimate for

T

Φ
,

β

→

m

{T}_{\Phi ,\overrightarrow{\beta }}^{m}

under some mild assumptions on

Φ

\Phi

. We extend the results of Guo et al. [Hausdorff operators on the Heisenberg group, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 31 (2015), no. 11, 1703–1714] to the fractional setting.
On kernels by rainbow paths in arc-coloured digraphs
Authors: Li Ruijuan , Cao Yanqin , Zhang Xinhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In 2018, Bai, Fujita and Zhang [Discrete Math. 341 (2018), no. 6, 1523–1533] introduced the concept of a kernel by rainbow paths (for short, RP-kernel) of an arc-coloured digraph

D

D

, which is a subset

S

S

of vertices of

D

D

such that (

a

a

) there exists no rainbow path for any pair of distinct vertices of

S

S

, and (

b

b

) every vertex outside

S

S

can reach

S

S

by a rainbow path in

D

D

. They showed that it is NP-hard to recognize whether an arc-coloured digraph has an RP-kernel and it is NP-complete to decide whether an arc-coloured tournament has an RP-kernel. In this paper, we give the sufficient conditions for the existence of an RP-kernel in arc-coloured unicyclic digraphs, semicomplete digraphs, quasi-transitive digraphs and bipartite tournaments, and prove that these arc-coloured digraphs have RP-kernels if certain “short” cycles and certain “small” induced subdigraphs are rainbow.
Fully degenerate Bell polynomials associated with degenerate Poisson random variables
Authors: Kim Hye Kyung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Many mathematicians have studied degenerate versions of quite a few special polynomials and numbers since Carlitz’s work (Utilitas Math. 15 (1979), 51–88). Recently, Kim et al. studied the degenerate gamma random variables, discrete degenerate random variables and two-variable degenerate Bell polynomials associated with Poisson degenerate central moments, etc. This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, we introduce a new type of degenerate Bell polynomials associated with degenerate Poisson random variables with parameter

α

>

0

\alpha \hspace{-0.15em}\gt \hspace{-0.15em}0

, called the fully degenerate Bell polynomials. We derive some combinatorial identities for the fully degenerate Bell polynomials related to the

n

n

th moment of the degenerate Poisson random variable, special numbers and polynomials. In the second part, we consider the fully degenerate Bell polynomials associated with degenerate Poisson random variables with two parameters

α
>
0

\alpha \gt 0

and

β

>

0

\beta \hspace{-0.15em}\gt \hspace{-0.15em}0

, called the two-variable fully degenerate Bell polynomials. We show their connection with the degenerate Poisson central moments, special numbers and polynomials.
Modeling and Statistical Evaluations of Unconfined Compressive Strength and Compression Index of the Clay Soils at Various Ranges of Liquid Limit
Authors: Mawlood Yousif , Mohammed Ahmed , Hummadi Rizgar , Hasan Ahmed , Ibrahim Hawkar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A significant stage in geotechnical engineering is to establish geotechnical properties of soil models to predict the most important soil properties such as unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and compression index (Cc) because they are the main parameters in the state design of the footings, pavements, or stability assessment of existing structures or slopes. This study is focused on developing models to predict the compressive strength and Cc for the clay soils as a function of Atterberg limits, natural moisture content, dry density, void ratio, and fine content (passing ≤ 0.075 mm). The UCS of the soils ranged from 24 to 340 kPa and was quite accurately quantified using the laboratory-tested data and data collected from published research studies. The Cc of the soils varied between 0.0878 to 0.8317, which was also correlated as a function of easy measurable soil properties such as Atterberg limits, natural moisture content, density, void ratio, and fine contents (percentage passing sieve number 200). A wide experimental test results (a total of 253 tested soils) were combined with more than 350 data collected from different academic research studies, and total data were statistically analyzed and modeled. In the modeling process, the most relevant parameters affecting the compressive strength and Cc of soils incorporation ratio (6–41 % of moisture content), plasticity index (7–72 %), dry density (11–19 kN/m3), and fine content (0–100 %). According to the correlation determination, mean absolute error, and the root mean square error, the compressive strength and Cc of soil can be well predicted in terms of liquid limit, plasticity index, moisture content, dry density, void ratio, and percentage passing sieve No. 200 (75 µm) using linear simulation techniques. The sensitivity investigation concludes that the dry density and moisture content are the most important parameters for the prediction of the compressive strength and Cc, respectively, with the training data set.
PARAMETRIA COMO IMPULSO À METACOGNIÇÃO: ENTRE A APRENDIZAGEM FORMAL E A AUTOAPRENDIZAGEM PARA A PRÁTICA DE PROJETO DE ARQUITETURA
Authors: Valente Fernando De Azevedo 
Published: May 2021

Este estudo problematiza o emprego da parametria junto ao projeto de arquitetura a partir de um relato de experiência formativa. Para abordar este tema, parte-se do exemplo do método empregado por Bjark Ingels para projetar o Serpentine Pavilion, Londres. Logo, é relatado um processo de aprendizagem formal em desenho paramétrico junto a disciplinas de graduação em arquitetura e um processo paralelo de autoaprendizagem, os quais motivaram a participação no Concurso Parklet 4.0/Portal Projetar. O exercício de metacognição é realizado com apoio em uma análise qualitativa dos projetos sob parâmetros que caracterizam um sistema generativo. Acrescenta-se uma análise quantitativa das propostas enviadas ao concurso, para contextualizar a experiência relatada. As reflexões derivadas situam tal experiência frente à prática profissional e acadêmica de arquitetura, e podem contribuir, quando somadas a outros relatos, para a construção de um panorama brasileiro, sobre a abordagem na aprendizagem do tema parametria no projeto de arquitetura.Palavras-chave: desenho paramétrico, aprendizagem, metacognição, metodologia de projeto.
Stress Controllability Modulates Basal Activity of Dopamine Neurons in the Substantia Nigra Compacta
Authors: Yao Li , Li Yongfeng , Diao Zhijun , Di Yuanyuan , Wu Meilin , Wei Chunling , Qian Zhaoqiang , Liu Zhiqiang , Han Jing , Fan Juan , Tian Yingfang , Zheng Qiaohua , Ren Wei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProlonged stress induces neural maladaptations in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system and produces emotional and behavioral disorders. However, the effects of stress on activity of DA neurons are diverse and complex that hinge on the type, duration, intensity, and controllability of stressors. Here, controlling the duration, intensity, and type of the stressors to be identical, we observed the effects of stressor controllability on the activity of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) DA neurons in mice. We found that both lack and loss of control (LOC) over shock enhance the basal activity and intrinsic excitability of SNc DA neurons via modulation of Ihcurrent, but not via corticosterone serum level. Moreover, LOC over shock produces more significant enhancement in the basal activity of SNc DA neurons than that produced by shock per se, and therefore attenuates the response to natural reward. This attenuation can be reversed by control over shock. These results indicate that although chronic stress per se tends to enhance the basal activity of SNc DA neurons, LOC over the stressor is able to induce a larger enhancement in the basal activity of SNc DA neurons and produce more severe behavioral deficits. However, control over stress ameliorates the deleterious effects of stress, highlighting the role of stress controllability.
The Effects of Different Antioxidant Agents on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Bleached Enamel
Authors: Ozakar Ilday Nurcan , Karatas Ozcan , Altınok Uygun Latife , Gul Pınar 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The objective of this in vitro study is to examine the effect of antioxidants on the bonding strength of composite resin to bleached enamel. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty non decay teeth were used in this study. Specimens were cut from the enamel cement junction. Then the specimens were randomly assigned into two groups-office bleaching and home bleaching. Bleaching antioxidants were applied to the first 12 subgroups. The specimens in the remaining 12 groups were kept in artificial saliva for 14 days and antioxidants were applied. Composite resin restoration was applied to all specimens. A cutting device was employed to obtain six specimens (0.9mm) from each tooth, and the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test was performed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, the paired t-test, and Duncan’s post hoc test (p=0.05). Results: In office bleaching specimens, immediate antioxidant application increased the μTBS values (p<0.05). Comparisons of the antioxidants individually revealed that bonding values increased after two weeks in specimens subjected to antioxidant application (p<0.05). In office bleaching specimens, immediate antioxidant application increased the μTBS values (p>0.05). Mean μTBS values in the groups to which antioxidants were applied two weeks after home bleaching were higher than those in the groups in which antioxidants were applied immediately. Conclusion: The use of antioxidants after bleaching may increase the MTBS value. The clinician should take this into account especially in immediate restoration applications after bleaching.
The Use of UAV Photogrammetric Technology in Order to Make the Cadastral Documentation of Detachment in Two Lots of a Property Located in Valea Ierii, Cluj County
Authors: ȘUBA Elemer Emauel , DEAK Jutka , COROIAN Iulia , NAP Mircea Emil , CHIOREAN Silvia , LUPUȚ Ioan , FICIOR Diana 
Published: May 2021

The cadastre and the land book form a unitary and mandatory system that ensures technical, economic and legal records of all the properties on the territory of the country. This paper includes the presentation of the operations necessary to prepare the cadastral documentation for detachment in two lots, using UAV photogrammetric technology. The studied area is located in the suburbs of Valea Ierii locality, with an area of 212353 sqm. The main part of the project was based on the use of the UAV photogrammetric method to survey the area. At the same time, two GNSS receivers were used to complete the photogrammetric measurements. Control and verification points were premarked on the ground, the coordinates of which were determined by the real-time kinematic GNSS method. This operation was followed by performing the photogrammetric flight using an UAS platform. The flight lasted about 17 minutes, covered an area of 29 ha and 288 frames were captured. The front overlap between photos was set to 75% and the side overlap to 65%. New technologies for taking frames and processing them have been adopted, through methods that involve a low cost and a shorter time to perform specific operations.
Influence of the intramedullary nail length on a fracture site: Biomechanical evaluation with the finite element method
Authors: OFLAZ Hakan 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Intramedullar locking nails have been widely preferred in femoral shaft fractures, however, design of the nails cause some problems. If the length of the nail and the distance of the distal locking screws to the fracture site are not considered, negative side effects may be observed. In order to understand the side effect of the distance between fructure gap and the distal locking pin, effect of the nail length were aimed to investigate in this study.
Material and Method: Two intramedullary nails with different lengths were compared. One nail was 301 mm and the other nail was 251 mm in length. The nails were inserted into the 1/3 proximal fractured femur with the support of computer aided design (CAD) software. Comparative Static analyses were performed on the 3D models.
Results: Different equivalent (von-Mises) stress results were observed on the fructure sides of the two models which were 2.0204e+009 Pa and 3.1925e+007 Pa respectively. Consequently, the stress on the fracture surface decreases as the distance between the distal locking side and the fracture side, decreases.
Discussion and Conclusion: Clinically, the shorter nail must be prefered to decrease the stress on the fructure side. Meanwhile, the other factors like diameter, angle of the fixation pin, and material properties should be considered while choosing nails.
Libres de espacio libre / en la cuerda floja
Authors: González Ibáñez Edurne 
Published: May 2021

A partir del proyecto “Libres de espacio libre / en la cuerda floja” realizado a finales de 2019 y principios de 2020, he desarrollado un proceso creativo y de investigación artística de código abierto basado en la experimentación audiovisual y fotográfica, con el objetivo de generar espacios de fricción visual y conexiones conceptuales a partir del desplazamiento de algunas posibilidades que ofrecen las tecnologías de observación de(sde) la tierra, conocida como industria newspace, en la que numerosos países están invirtiendo exponencialmente. Convertidos en imagen, como diría Hito Steyerl, muy poco podemos hacer para dejar de ser vistos. [espacio libre], [post-futuro] y [colapso] son los inputs conceptuales y operativos que articulados en estructuras híbridas nos permiten establecer extrañas relaciones de parentesco que nos conducen a repensar algunas ideas desde las herramientas teóricas que proporciona el Chthuluceno de Donna J. Haraway.

(El proyecto ha sido realizado gracias a una subvención del Gobierno Vasco en el área de artes plásticas y visuales de la convocatoria 2019).
METHODS OF FORMING MATHEMATICAL MOBILITY OF FUTURE ENGINEERS IN HIGHER MATHEMATICS CLASSES
Authors: Khomyuk Irina , Kyrylashchuk Svetlana , Khomyuk Victor , Bondarenkо Zlata , Klieopa Iryna 
Published: May 2021

Continuous education today is a major feature of modern society. In order to ensure the competitiveness of future professionals who obtain higher education within the walls of the Institutions of Higher Education, the education process should be aimed at ensuring a high level of professional knowledge as well as the formation of graduates' adaptability to changeable modern production. Since for a future engineer knowledge of higher mathematics is the basis for solving complex problems of a production nature, it can be argued that they are part of professional mobility. The implementation of technologies for the formation of professional mobility in higher mathematics has made it possible to note that the readiness to change activities can be considered not only in the context of changing professional activity, but also in the process of students’ educational activity. And this, in turn, made it possible to determine the «mathematical mobility». The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and practically test the methods of forming mathematical mobility of future engineers in higher mathematics classes. The experiment used competency-oriented tasks, test tasks in higher mathematics, built on the basis of Bloom's taxonomy, developed interactive methods for conducting practical classes in the process of studying higher mathematics. The results of the experiment showed the effectiveness of the proposed innovative technologies in the process of fundamental training of future engineers.