bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VO2–graphene-integrated hBN-based metasurface for bi-tunable phonon-induced transparency and nearly perfect resonant absorption
Authors: Erçağlar Veysel , Hajian Hodjat , Özbay Ekmel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A bi-tunable hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)-based metasurface with bi-functional phonon-induced transparency (PIT) and nearly perfect resonant absorption features in the mid-infrared (MIR) range is proposed. The metasurface, that is composed of axially symmetric hBN rings, is separated from a uniform thin vanadium dioxide (VO2) film with a SiO2 spacing layer and is integrated with a top graphene sheet. For the insulating phase of VO2 (i-VO2), PIT with an 80% transmission contrast ratio is observed inside the reststrahlen (RS) band of hBN due to the support of hyperbolic phonon polaritons. A considerably large group delay of 9.5 ps and up to 1.8 THz RIU−1 frequency shift per refractive index unit is also achieved for the i-VO2 case. On the other hand, it is found that for the metallic phase of VO2 (m-VO2), light transmission is prohibited and nearly perfect resonant absorption peaks are appeared inside the RS band of hBN. Finally, by integrating the hBN-based metasurface into the graphene sheet on the top, a tunable PIT-like effect and nearly perfect light absorption is achieved duo to the hybridization of graphene plasmons and hBN phonons. This leads to a modulation depth as high as 87% in the transmission (i-VO2) and 62% in the absorption (m-VO2) responses. Our findings offer a tunable and bi-functional device that is practical for MIR slow-light, sensing, and thermal emission applications.
Perfect discrimination of quantum measurements using entangled systems
Authors: Datta Chandan , Biswas Tanmoy , Saha Debashis , Augusiak Remigiusz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Distinguishing physical processes is one of the fundamental problems in quantum physics. Although distinguishability of quantum preparations and quantum channels have been studied considerably, distinguishability of quantum measurements remains largely unexplored. We investigate the problem of single-shot discrimination of quantum measurements using two strategies, one based on single quantum systems and the other one based on entangled quantum systems. First, we formally define both scenarios. We then construct sets of measurements (including non-projective) in arbitrary finite dimensions that are perfectly distinguishable within the second scenario using quantum entanglement, while not in the one based on single quantum systems. Furthermore, we show that any advantage in measurement discrimination tasks over single systems is a demonstration of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen ‘quantum steering’. Alongside, we prove that all pure two-qubit entangled states provide an advantage in a measurement discrimination task over one-qubit systems.
The dynamic load test of two seismic resistance of steel structures EBF and RBS
Authors: Rastandi J I , Orientilize M , Ashilah C , Apritasari D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The non-destructive dynamic loading test has been conducted on two seismic resistance of steel structures, reduced beam section (RBS) and eccentric braced frame (EBF). Eccentric mass shaker was used to excite the 1-storey 1-bay steel structure. Two dynamics parameters were obtained which were the natural frequency and the damping ratio. A finite element analysis was performed using OpenSees software to get a comparison result. Similar natural frequency and displacement response were obtained from the test and the FE Analysis. The Natural frequency of RBS and EBF was around 3.614 Hz which is similar to the FE analysis as 3,623 Hz. Meanwhile the damping ratio is 3.149%. The natural frequency of the EBF structure is around 6.0 to 6.13 Hz, while the FE analysis result is 6.13 Hz. The damping ratio from test results is between 2.04 – 2.06%.
An Estimation of Electrical Energy Saving for Lecture Building at Universitas Andalas Using Daily Electric Need Pattern
Authors: Akbar F , Pujani V , Juliani E , Nazir R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Electrical energy is a mandatory requirement for carrying out various kinds of human activities. Nowadays, electrical energy must be used efficiently, that is, as needed. However, in use, it is often done excessively and inefficiently, which causes energy loss. It has an impact on the high spent on electricity costs. This research was conducted using an analytical method to obtain a pattern of ideal daily energy consumption needs for various kinds of academic activities in the Universitas Andalas lecture building, namely during the lecture period, exam period, and lecture holidays. The ideal pattern of needs is obtained by considering electrical equipment data, lecture schedules, the questionnaire results on electricity users’ behavior, and the value of lighting intensity. The pattern is plotted on a graph every 30 minutes for 24 hours. The pattern results are then compared with current electrical energy usage to evaluate everyday electrical energy use to improve future use. Based on testing the pattern of ideal electrical energy needs with current, it is found that electrical energy is the least efficient during the lecture holidays with a percentage value of 55% to 75%.
Design a Stethoscope Digital to Keep the Medical Practitioner at an Adequate Distance While Examining the Patient
Authors: Rusydi M I , Ningsih E M , Pawawoi A , Nofendra R , Windasari N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A stethoscope is an instrument in medicine used to listen to the sounds produced in the body or auscultation, primarily to listen to the sound from the lungs and heartbeat. Medical practitioners usually use the sound from a stethoscope as an indicator to diagnose an illness. Regular stethoscope with earpiece is less effective to use since the novel coronavirus quickly spreading from saliva droplets. Medical practitioners have difficulty attaching the conventional stethoscope to the ear because they have to use personal protective equipment, including head covering, to deal with coronavirus patients and patients with other medical complaints. This research designs a digital stethoscope that can be used even the head of medical practitioners covered by safety clothes. This stethoscope has a sound sensor, OLED, a microprocessor, and a speaker. The sound of lungs and heartbeat from 30 volunteers was recorded to investigate the frequency of noise, lung, and heartbeat. A bandpass filter was designed to get the signal with an upper cut-off frequency of 50 Hz to 80 Hz and a lower cut-off frequency of 5 Hz. The result shows that this stethoscope can detect the number of heartbeats and give a clear lung sound. This device can help medical practitioners examine patients while keeping their distance from patients.
Design the motor acceleration for the desired frequency air volume inspiration of asynchronous mechanical ventilator based on a pressure sensor
Authors: Rusydi M I , Jordan A , Laksono H D , Windasari N , Ngetha H T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2, a virus that attacks the respiratory system, has some difficulty breathing and chest pain. A mechanical ventilator is a simple version of a ventilator and most used to support patient breathing because it iseasy to use. This research design a mechanical ventilator operate based on the frequency and air volume of inspiration. The operator can set the ventilator using a potentiometer and choose the menu on an LCD. A couple of press wall push a bag valve mask in the desired frequency. The motor speed has a vital role to perform the number pushing based on the desired setting. The amount of airflow out from this bag depends on the duration and the depth of pushing. Some standard frequencies of human breathing were investigated in the range of 12 to 20 times of inspiration in a minute. The acceleration of the ventilator based on calculation was implemented to the machine, and it reduced the number frequency to 64% of the desired frequency. An error compensator is used to improve the accuracy of the ventilator. It compensates by multiply calculated acceleration by 2.31. It is successfulin improving the performance and resulted in the ventilator work in the desired frequency and volume.
Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, CO/CO2 ratio and rate of fuel consumption from the use of biomass stove fueled by corncob and rice husk
Authors: Goembira F , Putra R W , Ihsan T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze PM2.5, CO and CO2 concentrations, CO/CO2 ratio, and the rate of fuel consumption due to the use of a biomass stove. Water Boiling Test Method was used to simulate cooking activities, which consisted of three phases, i.e., cold start (CS), hot start (HS), and simmering (SM). Biomass wastes used in this research were corncobs and rice husks. Based on the measurement results, for the corncob, PM2.5 concentrations were 239.823±60.83, 262.962±79.17, and 120.75±45.20μg/Nm3 at CM, HS, and SM phases, respectively. While for CO concentrations during the CM, HS, and SM phases were 36.984 ±3.67, 35.918±1.74, and 37.959±5.56 ppm, correspondingly. Moreover, 595,468±13.25, 611,492±7.73, and 565,205±18.50 ppm CO2 concentrations were detected during the CM, HS, and SM phases, respectively. Furthermore, for the rice husk biomass waste, PM2.5 concentrations of 158.579±14.07, 115.014±16.08, and 69.603±17.11 μg/Nm3 were observed during the CS, HS, and SM phases. While for CO concentrations during the CS, HS, and SM phases, the measured values were, in turn, 38.152±2.73, 38.152±5.02, and 36.422±4.72 ppm. Lastly, the measured CO2 concentrations were 593,647±8.28, 589,241±12.45, and 556,886±13.06 ppm for the CS, HS, and SM phases, respectively. PM2.5 and CO concentrations did not meet the air quality standards for both biomass wastes, while CO2 meets the air quality standard according to Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation No. 1077/2011. The CO/CO2 ratio of the biomass stove is above 0.02, while the specific fuel consumption rate, for corncob were 0.186, 0.135, and 0.238g/g, while for the rice husk were 0.238, 0.305, and 0.335g/g, during the cold start, hot start, and simmering phases.
An Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Waters and Sediments of Lake Maninjau, Indonesia
Authors: Komala P S , Nur A , Badriah N L , Harefa M , Silvia S , Ridwan  , Zulkarnaini  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research performs an analysis of heavy metals in the waters and sediments of Lake Maninjau and the resultant pollution index value. The research was carried out in 11 locations, e.g., floating net cages, endemic fisheries, near settlements, hydropower plants, and seven rivers at the lake’s inlet and outlet at a depth of 0-1.5 metres. Determining the pollution index was conducted based on heavy metals and environmental parameters. Aside from Zn, the concentration of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu in the waters in all locations exceeded the quality standard. The Hg metal in sediments in all areas exceeded the quality standard of contaminated soil. Concentrations of heavy metals in sediment are higher than that of heavy metals in water. 8 of 11 sampling locations were in the medium polluted category, with the fish cage location having the highest pollution index (PI) value. Anthropogenic activities such as aquaculture, water transportation, and settlements around the lake have an effect on the waters and sediments of the lake, characterised by heavy metal contamination. The lake’s quality must be continuously monitored, and wastewater management improved from activities around the lake to control heavy metal contamination. Further evaluation is required of the heavy metals contamination originating from anthropogenic activities and natural sources.
Optimizing Inventory Control System of Crumb Rubber Raw Material: a Case Study
Authors: Amrina E , Dewi A Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rubber companies often face problems with raw material inventory because obtained from nature. To anticipate shortages of inventory, companies usually buy raw materials in excess quantities. This will result in large inventory costs. This study aims to optimize the inventory control system of crumb rubber raw material in a case rubber company. It started with the demand forecasting of crumb rubber raw material. The level strategy method is then used to determine the production planning of crumb rubber. Finally, the fixed order quantity model is applied to determine the optimal inventory control of crumb rubber raw material. The results show the optimal inventory level of crumb rubber raw material is 988,881 Kg, with a reorder point is 526,570 Kg, and a safety stock is 342,302 Kg. It obtained the total inventory cost is IDR 1,843,689,421 per year. Inventory control is useful for ensuring the smooth production process and preventing excess or shortage of inventory. The results are expected can aid the rubber company in improving inventory control and minimize inventory costs.
Applying system dynamic for predicting the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and treats of Patchouli Oil Agroindustry in West Sumatra
Authors: Rahmayanti D , Hadiguna R A , Santosa  , Nazir N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The patchouli oil agroindustry is one industry that has the potential to be developed in West Sumatera. This study aims to analyze the future condition of the patchouli oil agroindustry in West Sumatera. As an initial step of the formulation strategy for developing patchouli oil agroindustry in West Sumatra. This study conducted a SWOT analysis using a dynamic system approach. The system dynamic is very suitable for the patchouli oil agroindustry’s design development model because of the complex system. Other studies that have been conducted with SWOT analysis uses qualitative data obtained from corporate informants. In this study, SWOT data is collected based on the output derived from the dynamic system model. The system dynamics model run by using Powersim software with graphical output. Graphics can present internal and external conditions and the patchouli oil industry. Graphic trends that tend to increase will be categorized as strengths, while declining trends are classified as weaknesses. Based on the simulation results, there are six strengths, six weaknesses, two opportunities, and three threats of patchouli oil agroindustry forces in West Sumatra.
Effect of changes in the regeneration temperature and the regeneration airflow velocity on the system performance of the solid desiccant air conditioning
Authors: Saputra D A , Osaka Y , Tsujiguchi T , Kodama A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the effect of changes in operating parameters on the solid desiccant air conditioning system performance. It has consisted of the regeneration temperature and the regeneration airflow velocity parameters. These parameters were examined in two operation modes, the former ranging from 2 m/s–0.83 m/s at constant regeneration temperature, and the latter ranging from 75°C–46.4°C at constant regeneration airflow velocity. The results indicate a smaller decline in dehumidification performance for the constant regeneration temperature operating mode than the constant airflow velocity operating mode. On the contrary, the system performance and the recovery energy ratio at the latter operating mode gives a higher value than the former operating mode. These results suggest that when the dehumidification performance becomes the main function in the system, the regeneration airflow velocity should not be too low to avoid a significant reduction in system performance.
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Mg-1.6Gd Alloys Reduction 80% Hot Rolling as Implant Materials
Authors: Susanti O , Rahmadino A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mg-Gd alloys is of great interest for many potential application especially in implant material. Higher mechanical properties is always the goal pursued by reserachers for the materials which generally have relatively still low strength, low ductile and loe hardness. From this aspect, the present paper reviews the recent report of a kind of Mg-Gd rolled which have been able to achieve strength compared with Mg-Gd casting alloys. The aim of this paper is to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructure forMg-Gd alloys that are rolled at high tempetaure with severe reduction. Mg-Gd rolled with 80% reduction will be applied by unidirectional and cross direction with purpose to find varian characteristic. The Temperature range are 400,450,500 and 550°C. The results of this experiment show that the highest hardness number obtained by single rolling specimen as 64.86 VHN at 550 °C. The highest ultimate tensile strength numbers obtained by cross rolling with 163.22 MPa at 550 °C. For the grain size, single rolling specimen has the smallest number with 46.33μm at 500 °C. Overall, temperature 500-550 °C give a big impact to improve Mg-1.6Gd alloys.
Circular Economy Practices by the Informal Sector: an Implementation of Green Manufacturing in Urban Area
Authors: Sutanto A , Yuliandra B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A large amount of household e-waste and their recovery activities by the informal sector positively impact the economic, social, and environmental in the urban area because they strongly support sustainable and green manufacturing principles. This research aims to observe the household e-waste collecting model in Padang city, Indonesia. Furthermore, it also wants to find several retain values of the Circular Economy practices by the informal sector for household e-waste when recycled, reused, or remanufactured. The e-waste from the refrigerator, air conditioner, and washing machine is taken as sample cases in this research. The result shows at least two collecting models: the reverse e-waste flow with and without the repair or service shop’s involvement. These models include some actors such as (1) end-users, (2) household collectors, (3) repair shops, (4) intermediary collectors, (5) final collectors, and (6) recycling plants. Most of the collectors and repair shops involved are in the informal sector. The result also shows that remanufacturing through rebuilding its functional status as a new performance by reusing e-waste obtains the highest recovery value. Such remanufactured products in the secondary market can reach up to 40% from their first price. Recycling of household e-waste products has the lowest recovery value. However, copper (Cu) from e-waste products has the highest market value, and it follows aluminum and ferrous metals, among other metals, when recycled or reused.
High Performance Asphalt for Airfield Pavement
Authors: Guyot Xavier 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Due to the expected increase in air traffic movements around the world and its impact on the environment, the requirement to build more sustainable and low maintenance airfield infrastructures has become very important. One solution consists in using high performance asphalt materials in order to provide a better sustainable whole life cost solution for these pavements. Performances of binder play a key role in the performances of the asphalt pavement as the properties of both are linked. Using Polymer Modified Bitumen Asphalt materials for runway and taxiway represents an alternative solution to traditional Marshall Asphalt (MA). This type of products for wearing course and binder can improve considerably the airfield pavement performances regarding the Rutting resistance, thermal susceptibility or even Fuel resistance. Due to new generation of aircraft more and more aggressive, use of rut resistance asphalt base course is also mandatory. Asphalt Concrete manufactured with Hard Grade bitumen like “High Modulus Asphalt” with improved mechanical characteristics can lead to longer service life, by preserving resources and bringing also cost savings as maintenance is reduced. This type of Asphalt Concrete showed on major airport projects his potential as a viable alternative to the traditional airfield pavement materials for base course such as Crushed Rocks or Dense Bitumen Macadam.
Field Experiment for Accuracy Verification of the Devices Measuring International Roughness Index in TRUE Project: Five Years Report
Authors: Tomiyama K , Nakamura H , Mashito H , Jomoto M , Kameyama S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A lot of devices measuring the International Roughness Index (IRI) has recently been developed and applied in response to the pavement inspection purposes. Consequently, the accuracy of measured IRIs obtained with different devices on the same road surface has become a practical concern for providing a consistent inspection result. Against this background, the specified non-profit organization Pavement Diagnosis Researchers Group (PDRG) in Japan has undertaken a project regarding the experiment to harmonize and compare Test methods for surface Roughness Under actual road Environment (TRUE project) since 2014. The TRUE project has so far conducted the roughness measuring experiments three times over five years at Hokkaido, Japan. This paper introduces the features of the TRUE project such as participated devices, test site selection, and data recording and reporting procedures. A benchmark testing for obtaining reference profiles is also provided to make the project reliable. In this paper, the results of experiments conducted in the last five years are statistically described as well. Finally, this paper introduces the potential of the TRUE project such as a new device grouping and the accuracy evaluation report for device certification for contributing to further improvement of a device participated in the project.
Performance study and application of porous ultra-thin wearing course for asphalt pavement maintenance
Authors: Li Mingliang , Lu Haizhu , Li Jun , Mao Quan , Chen Long 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An ultra-thin layer wearing course with thickness between 15mm and 30mm are developed and applied for maintenance of asphalt pavement. The maximum size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm. In this study, the high viscosity modified bitumen is used as binder for improving the anti-rutting and raveling performance of a porous mixture. Mixture designed study is carried out by combing the functional and structural performance measurements. The target air voids contents for those ultra-thin surfaces are between 15% and 20%. Important factors presenting the high temperature property, moisture feature, low temperature feature and anti-raveling performance are investigated in lab. Meanwhile, surface characteristic which reflect the sound absorption is also observed. A feasibility of using the ultra-thin wearing course mixture in China is proved. Trial sections are constructed in southeast part of China for studying the performance of ultra-thin waring course in maintenance engineering. The achievements from the study will provide technical support for the maintenance of asphalt pavement with moderate surface damage. It will also improve the skid resistance and the noise reducing function of the old pavement, which presents superior social and environmental benefits.