bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness-of-Fit test for identifying distribution of the number of earthquakes and the losses due to earthquakes in Indonesia
Authors: Oktaviana Pratnya P , Irhamah  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Earthquakes of high magnitude often result in large casualties and huge economic losses in Indonesia. An earthquake risk assessment must be carried out. The risk assessment process requires a structured approach. This paper is containing of the first step of risk assessment using actuarial-statistical method. The data used as research variables in this paper are the number of earthquakes and the losses due to earthquakes. The earthquakes data used are earthquakes with magnitude > 5 Richter Scale. Data is collected within the last 40 years, from 1980 to 2019. Data is collected from Indonesian Disaster Data and Information, and NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Descriptive statistics analysis obtains that the most frequently earthquakes with magnitude > 5 Richter Scale occurred in Indonesia in 2004, where as it is known that at the end of 2004 an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1 Richter Scale occurred in Aceh which caused the highest loss, which was around 147485.500 billion rupiah. Normality test of the variables results that the number of earthquakes and the losses due to earthquakes are not normally distributed. Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness-of-Fit test results that the number of earthquakes follows Gamma Distribution with shape parameter α = 1.800 and scale parameter β = 2.236; while the losses due to earthquakes follows Power Function Distribution with shape parameter α = 0.072, and boundary parameter a = 0, b = 2.810 x 105.
The reduction of CO2
emission using the optimal control approach
Authors: Fitria Irma , Anggriani Indira , Irawan Ferdo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is the country that has the largest tropical forest with a wide variety of biodiversity. Forests are natural resources that have an important role in human life. However, the existence of forest is currently decreasing along with the increasing of industrialization. The depletion of forest area and the expansion of industrialization can cause the increasing of CO2
emission. Therefore, it is necessary to control forest resources and industrial development, thus the level of CO2
emission can be minimized. In this study, the dynamics of CO2
emission, forest area and industrialization are modelled mathematically. In order to reduce the level of CO2
emission, we design two control variables in the model which are reforestation and government policy. The optimal control theory using Pontryagin Minimum Principle is applied to find the optimal level of control variables. Furthermore, numerical simulation is given to illustrate the performance of the optimal control variables. Based on the simulation result, the level of CO2
emission with controls is less than the level of CO2
emission without controls. This result suggests that providing reforestation and government policy can reduce the concentration of CO2.
The Environmental Safety of Fish Products
Authors: Popova N V , Pavlova A I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The anthropogenic pollution of the environment leads to the discharge of various pollutants into water ecosystems, which further accumulate in fish and other hydrobionts. Fish is a valuable traditional food source for humans, and the quality assessment for fish products is therefore a relevant problem. This article deals with researching the content of pollutants in game fish, in particular in the Siberian whitefish. The goal of this work is to identify the content of heavy metals and cesium 137 in the muscle tissue and organs of the fish (whitefish) caught in the lower reaches of the Lena River. Research methods: The sampled materials were tested for heavy metals using the atomic absorption method. The content of Cs 137 was established using the spectrometric method. Results: the average concentration values for heavy metals (mg/kg) (Pb, Cd, Hg) in the muscle tissue and organs of the whitefish do not exceed the limits. The average content of lead in muscular tissue is 0.0135±0.0025 mg/kg, cadmium - 0.0076±0.0014 mg/kg, and mercury 0.0011±0.0000 ug. Arsenic was not found in the muscle tissue and organs of the fish. The highest relative content of heavy metals was observed in the livers of the whitefish. The content of cesium 137 is insignificant and below the allowed level of radionuclide activity. Conclusion: The analysis of the research results shows that the contents of heavy metals and cesium 137 in the fish caught in the lower reaches of the Lena do not exceed the standard levels. The on-going pollution of lakes and rivers within the Lena watershed calls for regular monitoring of heavy metal and radionuclide content and accumulation in game fish.
Post-occupancy Evaluation of Yan’an Revolutionary Site from the visitors’ perspective based on multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Liu Daohui , Wu Nong , Sun Yiyou 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Taking the Yan’an Revolutionary site as the research object, constructing an evaluation indexes system, collecting data onto the three nationally famous Yan’an Revolutionary sites in Zaoyuan, Yangjialing and Wangjiaping, and using multivariate statistical analysis methods of post-use evaluation research. Factor analysis proves that the Yan’an Revolutionary Site Exhibition and Evaluation System is basically correct. One-way ANOVA tests analysis shows that people of different ages have significant differences in the five indicators in supporting services, the four indicators in the environment, all the indicators for auxiliary display, and the four indicators displayed by the main body. In addition, the higher the educational background, the more significant the difference in the four indicators of supporting services. The results of random forest algorithm analysis of evaluation indicators and overall satisfaction in the Yan’an Revolutionary Site show that there are four out of eight indicators for supporting services; four out of ten indicators for main display; two out of five indicators for auxiliary display items; two of the seven indicators of environmental atmosphere, these indicators have a great impact on the overall satisfaction from visitors.
Optimization Strategy of University Campus Outdoor Environment in Cold Area
Authors: Jia Jiaojiao , Ma Huizhi , Pan Runfeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper aims to construct the outdoor space environment which is suitable for the cold climate, meets the campus structure and natural conditions of university, and meets the needs of the activities of teachers and students. On the basis of a large number of actual investigation and case collection, this paper studies the culture, landscape elements and design methods of the outdoor environment of universities in cold areas. The paper analyzes and summarizes the trend and existing problems, provide some feasible suggestions and strategies for the design of outdoor space environment in cold universities during the contemporary economic and social conditions.
Ecological Optimization of Spatial Patterns of Water Conservancy landscape in Qilian Mountains based on land processes: a case study of Zamu River Basin in Upper Shiyang River Basin
Authors: Cheng-xiang Ma , Jun-de Wang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the relation of the ecological landscape to its ecological function, this paper takes Zamu river basin in upper Shiyang river as an example, which located in the cold region of Qilian Mountains in northwestern of China. With the use of the remote sensing data, the spatial information processing technology of GIS, suitability evaluation with the overall optimization of land use patter is applied to ascertain the function zoning and ecological pattern components of land use, to develop approaches to the ecological optimization of the spatial pattern of water conservation landscape in the mountains region. The results show that: With Zamu river basin as the research object, based on the source of the water conservation ecological landscape of frozen soil and water conservation forest, considering the zonal distribution of the frozen soil and water conservation forests in order to classification of factors such an slope, elevation, vegetation cover type and so on, we divided Zamu river valley into five ecological function regions. There are the water conservation core, water conservation buffer, water conservation excessive area, water conservation area and human development and utilization of the edge area. Also we put forward the countermeasures for protecting the each function.
Analysis of Indoor Thermal Environment of Korean-Chinese Dwellings in Yanbian Area in Winter
Authors: Gao Songhua , Jin Guanghu , Quan Haogang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to understand the construction technology characteristics of traditional Korean-Chinese dwellings in Yanbian area, traditional Korean-Chinese earthen and brick houses were used as the research objects in the analysis of the indoor thermal environment. In this study, temperature and relative humidity in each room were separately tested. Due to the particular heating method applied in the traditional Korean-Chinese dwellings, the indoor temperature and relative humidity are relatively stable, i.e. average temperature is maintained above 16°C, and average relative humidity is maintained at about 50%. The test results can effectively verify the superiority of Korean-Chinese traditional construction experience and technology.
Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Spatial Dynamic Transition of Air Pollution
Authors: Fangfeng Li , Jieping Cai , Zicen Liao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The prevention and control of air pollution has a long way to go. This paper makes a comprehensive evaluation of air pollution and explores its spatial distribution characteristics in order to provide suggestions for environmental control. In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation index is constructed by factor analysis method, and Moran’s I index is calculated to analyze the spatial distribution and dynamic transition of air pollution. The results show that there is a positive spatial correlation of air pollution in China, and it has a high degree of spatial stability. It is possible to alleviate the pressure on the general atmospheric environment by improving the environment in highly polluted areas.
Study on 3D printing based on UAV oblique photogrammetry
Authors: Yang Jingming , Yan Guihai , Geng Pei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
UAV oblique photogrammetry can quickly reconstruct a three-dimensional real-scene model of an object, and the 3D printing technology based on the principle of additive manufacturing can print a digital three-dimensional model into a 3D object. These two high-technologies realize the mutual conversion between virtual (digital) and reality, and have good potential application value. This study takes the Zhuhai Sports Center Natatorium as an example to study oblique photography and 3D printing technology. We reconstructed the high-precision 3D real-scene model of the natatorium, and printed a 3D solid model of the natatorium with high reduction and rich details. Finally, we explored the establishment of oblique photography and 3D printing workflow.
Renewal Design of Urban “Gray Space” Based on Sustainable Development in The Post-epidemic Period
Authors: Li Jiaqi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
By discussing the importance of the mobile individual economy and renewing urban “gray space” to cities in the sustainable development of cities in the post-epidemic period, it leads to a view that combines the protection of urban mobile individual economy and renewing urban “gray space”. Taking the renewal and reconstruction of the “gray space” under the Juzizhou Bridge in Changsha City as a design case, the feasibility of the viewpoint is verified by establishing a model to restore the site.
Research on urban commercial complex design based on ecological concept-A case study of The Roof in shanghai
Authors: Chen Suliu , Sun Yunrui , Lu Ming , Jiang Maomin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Urban commercial complex, as a kind of composite building with multiple functional spaces, is becoming the main body of the development of urban commercial buildings. It is of great significance to apply the ecological architectural design concept to the design of urban commercial complex. Taking Shanghai The Roof commercial complex as an example, this paper shows the application of ecological building technology and methods in commercial complex, and discusses the theory and strategy of integrating ecological building concept into architectural design, so as to provide some reference for the ecological design of urban commercial complex.
Finite element analysis of flexural performance of different fiber reinforced recycled concrete beams
Authors: Cheng Yang , Pei Changchun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the influence of different kinds of fiber on the mid-span bending moment and deflection of the regenerated concrete beam under the initial cracking and yielding state is studied by ANSYS finite element simulation analysis. The results show that different kinds of fibers have little influence on the mid-span bending moment of the regenerated aggregate concrete beam at the initial cracking, and have a great influence on the deflection value at the initial cracking, among which the reinforced effect is obtained in the group mixed with steel fiber. The mid-span bending moment and deflection of the trabeculae at the yield of the trabeculae are reduced by the addition of different kinds of fibers.
Methods of As-is BIM Reconstruction Using Point Cloud Data for Existing Buildings
Authors: Wang Ting , Xiong Zhaoyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years, as the construction industry shifts from the construction of new buildings to the maintenance and use of existing buildings, the demand for creating Building Information Modeling(BIM) has continued to grow. This article summarizes various research work in different fields and gives an overview. This paper introduces the current research status of creating As-is BIM, then summarizes the corresponding algorithms and data processing methods for creating As-is BIM using 3D reconstruction technology; finally, the detailed research progress and the existing research results and knowledge gaps are discussed, and potential future development opportunities are proposed.
Analysis of Typical Old Building Reconstruction and Reinforcement
Authors: Zhang Chunmei , Zhang Mingyue , Zhang Wanlai , Jin Ziwei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the rapid development of China’s economy makes the existing building stock soaring, many of which have the service life of more than 10 years, thus emerging more and more hidden diseases, diseases and other quality problems urgently need to be reinforced. This paper around a multilayer cast-in-situ reinforced concrete frame structure of the old buildings, through the inspection process, the conclusion and the reinforcement scheme of combing the following conclusion: after old buildings reconstruction must be strictly according to the professional testing department of the appraisal report issued to reinforce the transformation processing, transformation of conditions in addition to meet the design requirements, the feasibility of economic cost should also be considered. The old buildings that cannot meet the above two basic conditions should not be changed or reinforced rashly.
Experimental research on cement-soil mixture ratio of track foundation cement mixing pile
Authors: Zheng Airong , Wang Jiannan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to ensure the feasibility and economy of the construction scheme of cement mixing piles for track foundation, a cement-soil indoor mix ratio test was carried out. Selected ordinary Portland cement and sulfate-resistant cement, groundwater and tap water, three mixing ratio experiments were carried out. The experimental study found that the cement-soil has high strength, which can fully meet the bearing capacity requirements of the track foundation, and the cement content can be appropriately reduced. The strength of the solidified soil increases with the increase of the cement content, and the groundwater has no adverse effect on the strength of the cement-soil. The strength of solidified soil with P.HSR 42.5 cement is not significantly higher than that of P.O42.5 cement. Even in BDQ1 and BD4 track foundations, the strength of solidified soil with P.O42.5 cement is significantly higher than that of P.O42.5 cement.
Research on the application of reverse method in high-rise building construction
Authors: Zhang Mingyue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In high-rise building engineering, a variety of construction techniques can be applied, and reverse practice is one of the common ones. Based on this, in order to improve the quality of the project as the purpose, to the application of technology as the content, the construction experience is summarized. This paper first introduces the reverse method, then expounds the classification standard of this method and the characteristics of different types of techniques. Finally, the application means of the technology are summarized from the aspects of foundation engineering and concrete engineering.
Technical Application of Nanocomposite in Construction
Authors: Zhe Zhang , Qijian Yang , Kejuan Wu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The particle size of nano-ions is very small, and the specific surface area is large. It has the characteristics of significant and small size effect, so it is more commonly used in construction at present. This article starts with the progress of nanocomposite technology in new functional building, and explores its specific ideas in new building materials through in-depth analysis.
Analysis And Research on The Factors Influencing The Design of Assembled Buildings
Authors: Cui Yanqing , Liu Ying , Diao Qianhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the previous research on the current situation of the application of assembly design, this paper identifies 14 influencing factors that cause the problems of assembly design by combining the literature research method and the Delphi method. In order to ensure the accuracy and appropriateness of the influencing factors, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the professionals and technicians who had worked on assembly building design projects, and 10 major influencing factors were selected by the magnitude of the influencing factors. Then, using expert interviews, the 10 factors were ranked in terms of their application to the assembly building design process, and finally five important factors influencing the assembly building design process were derived. The theoretical basis for future research on the optimization of assembly building design was laid.
An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of the Total Output Value of Construction Industry Based on Spss
Authors: Yufang Shi , Jingwen Zhu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The construction industry is a pillar industry of the country. The sustainable development of the national economy will depend to a large extent on the orderly and reasonable development of the construction industry. This study takes the total output value of the construction industry as the research object, combined with the characteristics of the Chinese construction industry, and uses SPSS analysis software to conduct targeted empirical research. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) The total output value of the construction industry is greatly affected by the gross domestic product, the net fixed assets of the construction industry, the wages of construction workers and the internal expenditures of construction R&D funds. (2) Compared with the internal expenditures of construction R&D funds, labor input has a greater impact on the total output value of the construction industry, indicating that the behavior of technology to change the market is not obvious. (3) By increasing capital investment and expanding the labor market, the total output value of the construction industry can be effectively increased and the high-quality development of the construction industry market can be promoted.
Analysis of Mechanical Characteristics of Walls of Masonry Structure House under Dynamic Load
Authors: Huang He , Zou Chuanlong , Lan Zhijun , Chen Shan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Research and analysis on the walls of masonry structure houses in a certain area of north of Guangxi. The house walls are divided into three types: pure walls, walls with windows and walls with doors, and use ABAQUS to design the corresponding wall models, Adopt the horizontal periodic reciprocating load of different magnitudes to calculate the mechanical performance of the wall, and study the stress change characteristics and crack development law of the wall. The results show that: (a) Under load, the stress concentration of the wall is greatly affected by the hole. The larger the hole, the more obvious the stress concentration. (b) Under the load, the cracks change with the holes in the wall, and the cracks in the non-porous wall show a straight shape. As the wall openings appear and become larger, the cracks gradually change from a straight shape to an X shape, and then It becomes the law of V-shaped and inverted V-shaped.
Structural Damage Identification Based on Sensitivity Analysis and Sparse Constraint
Authors: Fan Qin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the problem of structural damage identification, only a few elements or substructures are damaged, which means the damage of the structure has sparsity. Hence, this paper proposed a structural damage identification method based on sensitivity analysis and sparse constraint. This method established the sensitivity equations through the first-order sensitivity analysis of the structure. Then a damaged elements compression method was used to reduce the number of damaged elements. And the original problem was transformed into a constrained optimization problem with the L1 norm of damage coefficients as the objective function to describe the sparsity. Finally, the results of a numerical example showed that the method can effectively identify single-damage and multi-damage conditions with great robustness.
Experimental study on seismic performance of steel reinforced high-strength concrete composite columns
Authors: Yang Yong , Wang Chen , Chang Hao , Xue Yicong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to combine the advantages of steel reinforced concrete column, high-strength concrete and precast structures, a novel steel reinforced high-strength concrete composite column is presented in this paper. With the aim to explore the seismic performance of this composite column, three column specimens were designed and tested under cyclic loading. The cyclic behavior of test specimens was evaluated through the failure patterns, hysteresis loops, skeleton curves, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation and displacement ductility. The test results indicated that the shear failure could be found in the specimens subjected to low aspect ratio, and the rest specimens all failed in flexural-shear failure. The initial stiffness and bearing capacity decreased with the increasing of aspect ratio, and the energy dissipation capacity and displacement ductility increased with the increasing of aspect ratio.