bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National Norms for the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale in Children
Authors: Anderson Nathan P , Feldman Jamie A , Kolko David J , Pilkonis Paul A , Lindhiem Oliver 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
To provide national norms and percentiles for both research and clinical scoring modalities of the Vanderbilt Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale (VADPRS) for a representative sample of children ages 5–12 in the United States.

Method
The five clinical subscales of the VADPRS were completed by 1,570 caregivers of children ages 5–12 in the United States, with children representative of the national population on key demographic variables including race, sex, ethnicity, family income, and family educational level. Descriptive statistics and measures of internal consistency of both dimensional and symptom count scoring were provided for each of the five clinical subscales of the inventory, as well as percentiles and group comparisons for select dimensional scoring subscales based on age and child sex.

Results
Measures of internal consistency for each subscale using both scoring modalities of the VADPRS ranged from high to acceptable. There were statistically significant differences among the different subscales for both age (ADHD hyperactivity, anxiety/depression) and sex [both presentations of ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)] for the total sample. These differences, however, were modest in magnitude and unlikely to be clinically meaningful.

Conclusions
This study enhances the research and clinical utility of the VADPRS by providing national norms and percentiles for each of its subscales. Differences between age and sex across the sample were statistically significant for two of the subscales (Hyperactivity and Anxiety/Depression) with additional subscales significant for sex alone (Inattentive and ODD), but these differences were not substantial enough to indicate a need for separate cut-offs for screening purposes.
Irradiated microvascular endothelial cells may induce bystander effects in neural stem cells leading to neurogenesis inhibition
Authors: Ma Linlin , Ye Zhujing , Zhang Yarui , Shi Wenyu , Wang Jingdong , Yang Hongying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Radiation-induced neurocognitive dysfunction (RIND) has attracted a lot of attention lately due to the significant improvement of the survival of cancer patients after receiving cranial radiotherapy. The detailed mechanisms are not completely understood, but extensive evidence supports an involvement of the inhibition of hippocampal neurogenesis, which may result from radiation-induced depletion of neural stem cells (NSCs) as well as the damage to neurogenic niches. As an important component of neurogenic niches, vascular cells interact with NSCs through different signaling mechanisms, which is similar to the characteristics of radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE). But whether RIBE is involved in neurogenesis inhibition contributed by the damaged vascular cells is unknown. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of RIBEs in non-irradiated bystander NSCs induced by irradiated bEnd.3 vascular endothelial cells in a co-culture system. The results show that compared with the NSCs cultured alone, the properties of NSCs were significantly affected after co-culture with bEnd.3 cells, and further change was induced without obvious oxidative stress and apoptosis when bEnd.3 cells were irradiated, manifesting as a reduction in the proliferation, neurosphere-forming capability and differentiation potential of NSCs. All these results suggest that the damaged vascular endothelial cells may contribute to neurogenesis inhibition via inducing RIBEs in NSCs, thus leading to RIND.
Sphenoid mucopyocele causing bilateral sixth nerve palsy
Authors: Kelly Mairead , Chang Liisa , Patel Parag , Weller Alexander , Advani Rajeev , Lakhani Raj 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sphenoid mucoceles, although rare, should be considered in patients with headache, visual disorders and eye paralysis. Due to close relationships with the orbit and neuromeningeal structures, early recognition is vital. We report the case of a patient who presented with bilateral abducens nerve palsies. At surgery, she was found to have a mucopyocele; this was drained and she required prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy due to ongoing symptoms and persistent dural enhancement on imaging. A lesion of sufficient size in the clival area has the potential to cause bilateral abducens nerve palsies, though we believe this is the first time it has been described in relation to a sphenoid mucocele. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis, and prompt surgical intervention is essential to avoid serious and permanent complications. The multi-disciplinary team approach is vital—these cases requiring input from ophthalmology, ear nose and throat, microbiology, radiology, neurology and neurosurgery.
Genome-wide association study identifies variants of GhSAD1 conferring cold tolerance in cotton
Authors: Ge Changwei , Wang Li , Yang Yongfei , Liu Ruihua , Liu Shaodong , Chen Jing , Shen Qian , Ma Huijuan , Li Yang , Zhang Siping , Pang Chaoyou 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cold stress is a major environmental factor affecting plant growth and development. Although some plants have developed resistance to cold stress, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. Using genome-wide association mapping with 200 cotton accessions collected from different regions, we identified variations in the short chain alcohol dehydrogenase gene, GhSAD1, that responds to cold stress. Virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression in Arabidopsis revealed that GhSAD1 fulfils important roles in cold stress responses. Ectopic expression of a haploid genotype of GhSAD1 (GhSAD1HapB) in Arabidopsis increased cold tolerance. Silencing of GhSAD1HapB resulted in a decrease in abscisic acid (ABA) content. Conversely, overexpression of GhSAD1HapB increased ABA content. GhSAD1HapB regulates cold stress responses in cotton through modulation of C-repeat binding factor activity, which regulates ABA signalling. GhSAD1HapB induces the expression of COLD-REGULATED (COR) genes and increases the amount of metabolites associated with cold stress tolerance. Overexpression of GhSAD1HapB partially complements the phenotype of the Arabidopsis ABA2 mutant, aba2-1. Collectively, these findings increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying GhSAD1-mediated cold stress responses in cotton.
Trichophyton tonsuransin Chile: Genotyping in search of an origin
Authors: Cogliati Massimo , Cruz Choappa Rodrigo , Vieille Oyarzo Peggy , Noguera Mellisa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTrichophyton tonsurans is a cosmopolitan dermatophyte, highly prevalent in Africa, South America, and endemic in North America, where it is mostly related to cases of tinea capitis. Recently, it was also reported in Chile for the first time in two outbreaks occurred in Santiago. In the present study, we sequenced the variable internal repeat (VIR) region of a Chilean isolate and compared its genotype with those of several global T. tonsurans isolates. The results showed that the Chilean isolate presented a new genotype which was strictly correlated with isolates from Europe, USA and Mexico.Lay summaryTrichophyton tonsurans is a fungus able to cause superficial mycosis infecting skin and hair. It is an emerging pathogen worldwide and some cases were recently reported also in Chile for the first time. We investigated by molecular techniques which geographical area could be the source of infections.
Estimating fundamental parameters of nearby M dwarfs from SPIRou spectra
Authors: Cristofari P I , Donati J-F , Masseron T , Fouqué P , Moutou C , Delfosse X , Artigau E , Folsom C P , Carmona A , Gaidos E , do Nascimento J-D , Jahandar F , Hébrard G 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the results of a study aiming at retrieving the fundamental parameters of M dwarfs from spectra secured with SPIRou, the near-infrared high-resolution spectropolarimeter installed at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), in the framework of the SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS). Our study relies on comparing observed spectra with two grids of synthetic spectra, respectively, computed from PHOENIX and MARCS model atmospheres, with the ultimate goal of optimizing the precision at which fundamental parameters can be determined. In this first step, we applied our technique to 12 inactive M dwarfs with effective temperatures (Teff) ranging from 3000 to 4000 K. We implemented a benchmark to carry out a comparison of the two models used in this study. We report that the choice of model has a significant impact on the results and may lead to discrepancies in the derived parameters of 30 K in Teff and 0.05 dex to 0.10 dex in surface gravity (log g) and metallicity ($\rm {[M/H]}$), as well as systematic shifts of up to 50 K in Teff and 0.4 dex log g and $\rm {[M/H]}$. The analysis is performed on high signal-to-noise ratio template SPIRou spectra, averaged over multiple observations corrected from telluric absorption features and sky lines, using both a synthetic telluric transmission model and principal component analysis. With both models, we retrieve Teff, log g, and $\rm {[M/H]}$ estimates in good agreement with reference literature studies, with internal error bars of about 30 K, 0.05 dex, and 0.1 dex, respectively.
COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: Experiences of three centres in Turkey
Authors: Salman Hakan , Aslan Nagehan , Akçam Mustafa , Arslan Müjgan , Akkuzu Emine , Yılmaz Keskin Ebru , Açarı Ceyhun , Keskin Mahmut , Atar Müge , Köşker Muhammet , Sinanoğlu Selçuk , Çetin Hasan , Akçam Füsun Zeynep 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has not yet been fully elucidated and there is no clear consensus on its treatment yet.

Objectives
To evaluate our patients diagnosed with MIS-C and present them to the literature in order to contribute to the better understanding of this new disease, which entered paediatric practice with the SARS-CoV-2 peak.

Methods
In this study, 17 MIS-C cases diagnosed according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria were included.

Results
Of the patients, 7 (41.2%) had a comorbidity. Gastrointestinal system involvement was the most prominent in the patients (70.6%). Laparotomy was performed in 3 patients due to acute abdomen. Two patients had neurological involvement. Of the patients, 15 (88.2%) received intravenous immunoglobulin and 13 (76.5%) received both intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone. Two patients received invasive mechanical ventilation and 4 patients received high flow rate nasal cannula oxygen therapy. One of our patients who needed invasive mechanical ventilation and high vasoactive-inotrope support died despite all supportive treatments including plasmapheresis and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Conclusions
MIS-C picture can have a fatal course and may present with severe gastrointestinal and neurological signs. Unnecessary laparotomy should be avoided.
Horizontal gene transfer as a mechanism for the promiscuous acquisition of distinct classes of IRES by avian caliciviruses
Authors: Arhab Yani , Miścicka Anna , Pestova Tatyana V , Hellen Christopher U T 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In contrast to members of Picornaviridae which have long 5′-untranslated regions (5′UTRs) containing internal ribosomal entry sites (IRESs) that form five distinct classes, members of Caliciviridae typically have short 5′UTRs and initiation of translation on them is mediated by interaction of the viral 5′-terminal genome-linked protein (VPg) with subunits of eIF4F rather than by an IRES. The recent description of calicivirus genomes with 500–900nt long 5′UTRs was therefore unexpected and prompted us to examine them in detail. Sequence analysis and structural modelling of the atypically long 5′UTRs of Caliciviridae sp. isolate yc-13 and six other caliciviruses suggested that they contain picornavirus-like type 2 IRESs, whereas ruddy turnstone calicivirus (RTCV) and Caliciviridae sp. isolate hwf182cal1 calicivirus contain type 4 and type 5 IRESs, respectively. The suggestion that initiation on RTCV mRNA occurs by the type 4 IRES mechanism was confirmed experimentally using in vitro reconstitution. The high sequence identity between identified calicivirus IRESs and specific picornavirus IRESs suggests a common evolutionary origin. These calicivirus IRESs occur in a single phylogenetic branch of Caliciviridae and were likely acquired by horizontal gene transfer.
The Impact of Coping With Stressful Events on Negative Affect and Cravings Among Smokers With Mood Disorders
Authors: Selva Kumar Danusha , Nahvi Shadi , Rivera-Mindt Monica , Arnsten Julia , Minami Haruka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Smokers with mental illness report elevated levels of stress and negative affect. Craving is often cited as a key precipitant of smoking. Coping with stress has been associated with reduced cravings among smokers attempting to quit. However, the effect of coping with stress on negative affect and craving among smokers with mental illness is not well understood. This study investigated whether coping with stress predicts lower subsequent craving, mediated by reduced negative affect, among socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers with mood disorders.

Aims and Methods
This study used ecologically momentary assessment (EMA) data from a randomized controlled trial involving smokers with mood disorders. The final sample included 39 participants.

Results
Traditional mediation path analyses showed that coping with stress predicts lower craving (p = .02) through its impact on negative affect (p &lt; .001) for the contemporaneous model (ie, when craving was measured at the same report as coping). However, coping with stress did not have a prospective effect on craving (ie, when craving was measured at the next report, up to 12 hours later) (p = .11).

Conclusions
The results suggest that coping with stress reduces craving through negative effect, but only for a limited timeframe. The findings could guide future research on the length of time that the effect of coping lasts and research on interventions to increase coping with stress among smokers with mental illness.

Implications
This is the first study to use EMA to demonstrate that coping with stressful events effectively reduces craving through reducing negative affect among smokers with mood disorders. This finding suggests that individuals heavily burdened with stress and negative affect benefit from coping with stress. We utilized within-subject analyses of EMA data which allowed us to understand these effects within an individual near real time. Our sample is hard to reach and ethnoculturally diverse. Findings could guide intervention research on helping smokers with mental illness cope when experiencing stress.
Disability, Education, and Work in a Global Knowledge
Economy
Authors: Tomlinson Sally , Hewitt Stacy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Governments around the world press for higher levels of education and skills for all their young people. They believe that, despite recessions and job losses, people are “human capital” who need to invest in their own training and help grow economies. In England in 2019, disabled adults made up 20% of potential workers, but only half of them were employed. This chapter discusses the changing nature of the labor market and the place of young people regarded as having special educational needs or disabilities in education and training, noting that despite a shift to a social model of disability, social and work environments often fail to adapt to those with disabilities. Education and training for disabled young people have usually been at lower levels and the jobs on offer for them lower skilled and waged. But, more recently in England, disabled students have been recognized as a significant presence with more taking higher skilled and professional jobs after graduation. The chapter briefly compares the situation in England with that of Germany and Finland.
Hope and Resilience in the Books of Jeremiah
Authors: Sweeney Marvin A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Jeremiah is the only prophetic book that provides readers with a direct view of life in Jerusalem during the Babylonian siege and destruction of the city (588–586 bce). It also appears in two forms, the classic Masoretic Hebrew form of the text and the Septuagint Greek version of the text, each of which has its own distinctive understanding and presentation of material. Although both forms are especially concerned with destruction and exile, Jeremiah presents its vision of restoration in MT Jeremiah 30–31; 32–33 and in LXX Jeremiah 37–40. This chapter examines Jeremiah 30–33 / 37–40 in relation to the literary form and outlook of each version of the book. It begins with treatment of the formal structure and contents of the two major textual units. It then turns to the contextualization of these passages in relation to other passages that present hope, i.e., Jeremiah’s letter to the exiles in Jeremiah 29 / 36; the oracles concerning Babylon in Jeremiah 50–51 / 31–32; and the royal oracle in Jeremiah 23:1–8. The chapter proposes that each form envisions a distinctive model of hope for the future: MT Jeremiah envisions a future in which the Jerusalem temple and its Levitical priesthood constitute the future of YHWH’s eternal promise to the House of David, and LXX Jeremiah envisions a future in which the rule of a righteous Davidic monarch constitutes the future of Jerusalem and Judah in relation to the rebuilding of the Jerusalem Temple.
The Historical Contexts of the Books of Jeremiah
Authors: Crouch C. L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Jeremiah traditions are firmly ensconced in the political and social crises of the late seventh and early sixth centuries bce, with the destruction of Jerusalem and the displacement of many of its inhabitants constituting key historical touchstones. This chapter examines the ancient Near Eastern political context of Judah’s demise, analyzing the end of Assyrian power and the struggle between Babylonia and Egypt to succeed it; the growing political turmoil in Judah, as its leadership sought and failed to respond to these wider changes; and the implications of these domestic and international contexts for the interpretation of the books of Jeremiah.
The Representation of Egypt in the Book of Jeremiah
Authors: Marzouk Safwat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This chapter discusses the representation of Egypt in the book of Jeremiah. The prophetic traditions embedded in the book of Jeremiah portray Egypt in a negative way across the span of the history of the people of Israel, from their exodus from Egypt all the way to the chaotic situation after the Babylonian invasion of Jerusalem. The negative portrayal of Egypt stems from the view that Egypt feeds into Judah’s rebellion against YHWH, whether in entering a political alliance with Egypt against Babylon or seeking a place of refuge in Egypt after the exile. The chapter begins with a survey of the political situation in the last decade of Judah. The study moves on to show that the prophetic references to the exodus from Egypt intend to highlight YHWH’s faithfulness and the people’s disobedience, which was manifested most poignantly in their determination to return to Egypt; a geographical move that reverses the exodus. Finally, after examining the prophetic judgments pronounced against the Judean diaspora in Egypt, the chapter concludes with a reflection on Jeremiah’s discourse on resisting the empire and forced migration.
The Prophet Jeremiah in Islamic Thought
Authors: Tottoli Roberto 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Qur’ān (2:258) mentions a prophet-like figure who was variously interpreted by Islamic exegetical tradition and by Western studies. Some of these interpretations in Islamic literature identify him as Jeremiah and the events alluded to in the Qur’ān as taking place around the city of Jerusalem. Islamic post-Qur’ān literature has elaborated on this, including Jeremiah in the historical prophetical line and depicting him as a prophet who was unsuccessful and had to escape his town before its destruction, brought about by Nebuchadnezzar. Islamic literature added details and narratives to these stories and also in some cases connected Jeremiah to Arab genealogy and lore. Echoes of the biblical book of Jeremiah are also attested to, albeit not in relation to the description of his life and mission given in the Islamic exegetical sources.
On Poetry and Prophecy in Jeremiah
Authors: Jindo Job Y. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
It is a virtual consensus in modern scholarship to regard prophetic speech as a form of poetic discourse. Thus, more often than not, studies of biblical prophecy take it as a given that the prophet is a poet, without assessing the strengths and weaknesses of this assumption. This chapter, therefore, addresses the extent to which biblical prophecy can be viewed as poetry, and how this convention has affected Jeremiah studies. It surveys major approaches to Jeremiah’s poetic prophecy and considers potential pitfalls in this consensus, as well as some of the key hermeneutic considerations that help better explore the subject.
Poetic Violence in the Book of Jeremiah
Authors: Kalmanofsky Amy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This chapter examines poetic images of violence in the book of Jeremiah from a literary perspective. In this analysis, Jeremiah’s images of poetic violence are rhetorically constructed and should not be viewed as descriptive of actual events. Although violent events may lie at the heart of these images, this chapter assumes they are designed primarily for their rhetorical impact and theological meaning, and not for their descriptive accuracy. After discussing broadly the meaning and purpose of poetic violence, the author considers three rhetorically effective images that appear frequently in Jeremiah—the wound, the maternal body, and the unburied corpse. These images share a common focus on the body and are intended to unsettle and to induce change in those who encounter them by communicating the physical threat to individuals within Israel, as well as to the community as a whole. Despite their power to unsettle, these images also convey hope by communicating alternative and positive realities, and by suggesting ways in which violence can be a creative force that transforms individuals and communities. If poetic violence is effective, transformation will occur and the wound, the maternal body, and the unburied corpse will make way for the healing, birth, and regeneration of Israel.