bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do perilunate dislocations and fracture-dislocations result in different radiological outcomes following wrist alignment reconstruction? A single-center retrospective study including 51 patients with perilunate injuries
Authors: Rachunek-Medved Katarzyna , Medved Fabian , Besz Wojciech , Illg Claudius , Lauer Henrik , Krauß Sabrina , Daigeler Adrien , Thiel Johannes Tobias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
Perilunate dislocations (PLD) and perilunate fracture-dislocations (PLFD) are high-energy wrist injuries often linked to significant post-traumatic osteoarthritis. This study aims to determine whether PLD and PLFD yield different radiological outcomes following surgical treatment while identifying prognostic factors for worse outcomes.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed 51 patients treated for perilunate injuries between 2000 and 2022. Radiographic evaluation included postoperative carpal alignment, scapholunate distance, ulnar translocation, and postoperative arthrosis according to the Kellgren-Lawrence scale. Logistic regression models were used in the study. The analyzed explanatory variables included: type of injury (PLFD/PLD), Mayfield classification, capsulodesis, repair of intercarpal- and extrinsic ligaments, and number of wrist transfixations. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. The calculations were performed with R (version 4.3.2).

Results
Among 51 patients, the mean follow-up was 4.33 years (1-22.13), and the mean age was 37.76 years. PLFD accounted for 55% of cases. Patients in the PLD group were older at the time of injury (p = 0.0031) compared to PLFD. Older patients presented also with higher stages of perilunate instability (p = 0.0061). Midcarpal arthrosis was the most common site of wrist degeneration (58.8%). Ordinal logistic regression indicated that PLFD was associated with a lower risk of midcarpal arthrosis (OR = 0.293, p = 0.04), while a higher number of wrist transfixations increased the risk of advanced arthrosis (OR = 2.427, p = 0.02), The logistic regression model detected a positive effect of the number of wrist transfixations on lunate fovea arthrosis (p = 0.048). The number of wrist transfixations did not correlate with the number of fractures (p = 0.06), Mayfield classification (p = 0.16), or intraoperative reduction outcome (p = 0.6).

Conclusion
PLD and a greater number of wrist transfixations were associated with a higher risk of wrist arthrosis. Limiting wrist pinning to essential procedures may help prevent additional iatrogenic chondral lesions.
Description of changes in chemical bonding along the pathways of chemical reactions by deformation of the molecular electrostatic potential
Authors: Żurowska Olga , Michalak Artur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
The analysis of the changes in the electronic structure along intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) paths for model reactions: (i) ethylene + butadiene cycloaddition, (ii) prototype SN2 reaction Cl− + CH3Cl, (iii) HCN/CNH isomerization assisted by water, (iv) CO + HF → C(O)HF was performed, in terms of changes in the deformation density (Δr) and the deformation of MEP (ΔMEP). The main goal was to further examine the utility of the ΔMEP as a descriptor of chemical bonding, and to compare the pictures resulting from Δr and ΔMEP. Both approaches clearly show that the main changes in the electronic structure occur in the TS region. The ΔMEP picture is fully consistent with that based on Δρ for the reactions of the neutral species leading to the neutral products without large charge transfer between the fragments. In the case of reactions with large electron density displacements, the ΔMEP picture is dominated by charge transfer leading to more clear indication of charge shifts than the analysis of Δr.

Methods
All the calculations were performed using the ADF package. The Becke–Perdew exchange–correlation functional was used with the Grimme’s dispersion correction (D3 version) with Becke-Johnson damping. The Slater TZP basis sets defined within the ADF program were applied. For the analysed reactions, the stationary points were determined and verified by frequency calculations, and the IRC was determined. Further analysis was performed for the structures of reactants, TS, products, and the points corresponding to the minimum and maximum of the reaction force. For each point, two fragments, A and B, corresponding to the reactants were considered. The deformation density was calculated as the difference between the electron density of the system AB and the sum of densities of A and B,

$$\Delta \rho \left(r\right)= {\rho }^{AB}\left(r\right)-{\rho }^{A}\left(r\right){-\rho }^{B}\left(r\right),$$

Δ
ρ

r

=

ρ

AB

r

-

ρ

A

r

-
ρ

B

r

,

with the same fragment definition as in the ETS-NOCV method. Correspondingly, deformation in MEP was determined as

$$\Delta V\left(r\right)={V}^{AB}\left(r\right)- {V}^{A}\left(r\right)- {V}^{B}\left(r\right)$$

Δ
V

r

=

V

AB

r

-

V

A

r

-

V

B

r

.
The Effect of Water Colour on Fish Communities in Boreal lakes
Authors: Horppila Jukka , Nurminen Leena , Rajala Salla , Estlander Satu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe water colour of numerous lakes is increasing, with consequences for biotic communities. The effects of water colour on the abundance of fish in boreal lakes were examined by evaluating gillnet catches in 78 lakes with a water colour range from 18.9 to 380.0 mg Pt L−1. In all, 22 different fish species were captured. Perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus) were the most abundant species. Water colour had no effect on fish species diversity. The captured fish biomass per unit effort (BPUE) varied between 192.5 and 5681.2 g net−1 and decreased significantly with increasing water colour. Except for pikeperch (Sander lucioperca), the effect of water colour was significant for all the dominant fish species (bleak Alburnus alburnus, bream Abramis brama, perch, pike Esox lucius, roach, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus). The main factor behind the effect of water colour was probably the decreasing availability of food, as indicated by the decreased abundance of roach that is not vulnerable to low light intensity. The negative effect of water colour on the planktonic feeder bleak suggested that reduced visibility and prey capture rate in high-colour lakes also had a role. Total phosphorus had a positive effect on BPUE but did not compensate for the effect of colour. BPUE:chlorophyll a ratio for the total catch and for bleak, perch, and roach decreased significantly with increasing water colour, reflecting decreasing transfer efficiency from basal trophic levels to consumers. BPUE and BPUE:chlorophyll a ratio for total gillnet catch or for selected species could be potential fish-based indicators of lake brownification.
Prognostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen in colorectal adenocarcinoma: expanding hypotheses into clinical practice
Authors: Cristaudo Adam Thomas , Morris David Lewis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
This study seeks to resolve a fundamental question in oncology: Why do appendiceal and colorectal adenocarcinomas exhibit distinct liver metastasis rates? Building on our prior hypothesis published in the British Journal of Surgery, our institution has investigated potential DNA mutations within the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM5) gene’s Pro-Glu-Leu-Pro-Lys (PELPK) motif to evaluate its role as a biomarker for liver metastasis risk.

Methods
Partnering with the Australian Genome Research Facility, the PELPK motif of CEACAM5 was analysed in colorectal and appendiceal adenocarcinomas to detect DNA mutations associated with liver metastasis. Additionally, our institution performed the COPPER trial to assess carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in portal versus peripheral blood in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma and a systematic review and meta-analysis of 136 studies on CEA’s prognostic significance among patients with colorectal and appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

Results
No mutations were identified within the PELPK region. The COPPER trial further demonstrated no statistically significant differences in CEA levels between portal and peripheral blood in appendiceal adenocarcinoma. However, the systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed CEA’s prognostic role in patients with appendiceal or colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion
The absence of DNA mutations suggests that metastatic potential may be driven by downstream mRNA or protein modifications in the CEA PELPK region. Future work will include surface plasmon resonance studies to investigate CEA–receptor interactions and development of immunohistochemistry for CEA PELPK expression. Such findings are poised to redefine global strategies for cancer stratification and targeted immunotherapy, setting the stage for groundbreaking advancements in cancer prognosis and patient outcomes.
Boosting bug localization in software models of video games with simulations and component-specific genetic operations
Authors: Casamayor Rodrigo , Arcega Lorena , Pérez Francisca , Cetina Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The development and maintenance of video games present unique challenges that differentiate them from Classic Software Engineering (CSE) such as the increased difficulty in locating bugs within video games. This distinction has given rise to Game Software Engineering (GSE), a subfield that intersects software engineering and video games. Our work proposes a novel way for bug localization in video games by evolving simulations via an evolutionary algorithm, which helps to explore the large number of possible simulations. Simulations generate data (i.e., traces) from the behavior of non-player characters (NPCs). NPCs are not controlled by the player and are key components of video games. We hypothesize that such traces can be instrumental in locating bugs. Our approach automatically locates potential buggy model elements from traces. Furthermore, we propose a novel way of applying genetic operations to evolve simulations by selectively combining their components, rather than combining all components as a whole. We evaluate our approach in the commercial video game Kromaia, and the results indicate that evolving simulations using our novel component-specific genetic operations boosts bug localization. Specifically, our approach improved the F-measure for all bug categories over randomly combining all components, the baseline (which focuses on CSE and utilizes bug reports), and Random Search by 7.93%, 27.17%, and 46.34%, respectively. This work opens a new research direction for further exploration in bug localization within GSE and potentially in CSE as well. Moreover, it encourages other researchers to explore alternative genetic operations rather than selecting them by default.
Ethical Sourcing and Decision Making in the Fashion Industry: A Longitudinal Qualitative Examination
Authors: Tandon Anushree , Dhir Amandeep , Kaur Puneet , Ogbonnaya Chidiebere 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ethical sourcing is a crucial issue for the fashion industry, which is under intense pressure to build ethical and responsible supply chains. Despite its importance, we know little about how individual employees working in the fashion supply chain view ethical sourcing and the ethical considerations they encounter during their work. We adopted the moral agency theory to address these lacunas and conducted a longitudinal qualitative research study. We collected data from a highly heterogenous sample of employees based in the United Kingdom through open-ended essays in three waves (N1 = 50, N2 = 43, N3 = 30) over 9 months that were analyzed using the grounded theory method. The analysis revealed the following themes: a contemporary outlook on boundaries, external considerations, and three levels of action for ethical considerations: Supplier, organization, and employee (i.e., individual). We offer a revitalized view of ethical sourcing as a concept from a practice perspective and discuss critical ethical issues that affect employees’ moral agency to enact ethical sourcing decisions. Our findings offer insights into avenues to advance theoretical knowledge through a comprehensive framework derived from our results. We also propose significant practical implications to promote the widespread integration of ethical sourcing.
Brexit metaphors in UK higher education: loss, agency and interconnectedness
Authors: Papatsiba Vassiliki , Koller Veronika 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis interdisciplinary study examines how senior leaders in UK higher education use everyday metaphors to convey their perspectives on Brexit and its implications. By analysing a corpus of 127 interviews conducted between 2017 and 2019 as part of a larger ESRC-funded project spanning 12 universities across the UK, this research employs critical sociocognitive theories and established metaphor identification methods to systematically uncover and interpret metaphors and metaphor scenarios related to Brexit in higher education discourse. The study reveals that seemingly neutral metaphors such as ‘access’, ‘networks’, ‘streams’, ‘links’ and ‘barriers’ carry significant ideological weight, subtly conveying evaluative perspectives that might otherwise remain guarded. These metaphors illuminate deeper and longer-term concerns about interconnectedness, loss of resources, talent and opportunities, and institutional agency within the higher education sector. Notably, the analysis of metaphor scenarios reveals a paradoxical juxtaposition of apprehension and hope, reflecting the complex ways in which university leaders conceptualise and respond to Brexit’s uncertainties. By examining everyday metaphor use, this study offers a unique window into how Brexit was understood and framed within UK higher education leadership circles during a critical period of uncertainty. Our findings not only contribute to our understanding of Brexit’s impact on UK higher education but also underscore the value of metaphor analysis in elucidating complex sociopolitical issues with likely lasting implications. This calls for further research on Brexit’s discourse and effects on higher education while highlighting the crucial role of discourse during major policy shifts.
Seeing butô Performances: Synesthetic Vision
Authors: Nishizaka Aug , Suzuki Minato 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study empirically addresses some aspects of how seeing Japanese avant-garde dance performances (butô) is organized in interaction. Using conversation analysis, it analyzes two episodes in detail. In these episodes, different practices are used to perceptually restructure the appearance of a performance. In the first episode, a person explains the difference between the appearances of two performances by transforming modalities (such as verbalization and vocalization). In the second episode, a person directly points out the change in how a performance appears. We suggest, via the juxtaposition of these two episodes, that the difficulty of explaining the appearances of butô performances is the constitutive part of their appearances to which the participants themselves orient. The data are in Japanese with English translation.
Sheet metal localization using deep learning and synthetic data
Authors: Behnen Hannes , Boada-Gardenyes Guillem , Schmitt Robert H. , Teschner Marc , Pönitz Willi , Weiß Korbinian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractImproving the accuracy of sheet metal localization in industrial machines is of great interest to many automated manufacturing systems. Current vision-based systems typically rely on traditional image processing algorithms to locate the position of sheets in images. However, these algorithms often do not generalize robustly in real production setups. To achieve this, we propose a novel framework consisting of two deep learning models that locate sheets based on their corners, and a data generation pipeline capable of creating the annotated data required to train the models. Evaluation of this framework on real production data shows that the proposed approach locates sheet metal corners highly accurate with an average error of 2.17 pixels, which is at the edge of the theoretically achievable limit defined by the human annotation error in the test dataset. Extensive experiments show that the proposed framework generalizes well and can therefore be used as a backbone for various automated systems for which sheet metal localization is a relevant task.
The Role of Friendship in Mediating and Moderating the Relationship Between Exposure to Gendered Racism and Mental Health among Young Women of Color
Authors: Tao Xiangyu , Fisher Celia B. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractYoung women of color frequently face discrimination, reflecting the intersecting societal influences of sexism and racism. Although friendships play a significant role in women’s lives, there is a lack of research on the role of friendships in navigating exposure to gendered racial discrimination (in-person and social media) and associated mental health. This study investigated the extent to which the content of friendship conversations (i.e., co-rumination against gendered racism, socializing messages related to gendered racial pride and empowerment and oppression awareness) and perceived friendship intimacy and support mediated or moderated the positive association between exposure to gendered racism and mental health. Co-rumination was tested as a mediator, while the other variables were examined as moderators. Online survey data were collected from 339 cisgender women aged 18–24 (M age = 20.90, SD = 1.96; 32.74% Asian, 33.92% Black, and 33.33% Hispanic or Latina; 68.14% identified as straight or heterosexual). Participants described friendship communications and perceived intimacy and support with a same gender and race close friend. Exposure to gendered racial discrimination was significantly associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms and substance use as a coping mechanism. Co-rumination about gendered racism was positively correlated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Conversely, pride and empowerment socialization was negatively associated with substance use for coping, while oppression awareness socialization was positively correlated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Structural Equation Modeling Analyses indicated that co-rumination partially mediated the relationship between gendered racism exposure and anxiety symptoms, with other friendship indices not moderating these associations. These findings highlight co-rumination about gendered racism as a risk factor for young women of color and underscore the importance of exploring how the multifaceted nature of friendships is associated with exposure to gendered racism and mental health.
Efficient and simplified numerical contact model for the braking simulation of a magnetic track brake
Authors: Kocbay Emin , Steininger Alois , Pavicsics Andreas , Arslan Eray , Edelmann Johannes 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe magnetic track brake is a mechanical contact (with friction) based braking system that is typically actuated electromagnetically and used as an emergency brake in railway transport. Within this paper, the practically relevant task of predicting the effective local and global forces of the contacting bodies and the respective deformations during the quasi-static braking process is addressed. Therefore, a simplified, yet efficient and accurate numerical contact model is developed to treat the frictional sliding contact problem. In order to verify and validate the model a couple of numerical experiments are carried out. The proposed model and algorithm are first tested against an analytic benchmark problem of a parabolic indenter indenting an elastic half-space. The developed model is then compared against a reference Abaqus finite element simulation in application-oriented braking simulations that treat the contact problem between a single braking element (pole shoe) and the rail. The results demonstrate and highlight the applicability and efficiency of the proposed model but also show the current limitations and shortcomings that hint at possible future augmentations.
Data-efficient handwritten text recognition of diplomatic historical text
Authors: Mayr Martin , Neumeier Katharina , Krenz Julian , Bürcky Simon , Kordon Florian , Seuret Mathias , Zöllner Jochen , Wu Fei , Maier Andreas , Christlein Vincent 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Traditional methods in handwritten text recognition primarily focus on generating basic transcriptions, which often fall short for in-depth humanities research. Our study enhances this by providing diplomatic transcriptions for German studies, meticulously reproducing the original manuscripts, including layout and expanded abbreviations. State-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence approaches for handwritten text recognition predominantly use Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) as an auxiliary loss of the encoder output to improve robustness and accuracy. This is not possible in this task due to the great differences in the length of diplomatic transcriptions. We propose using the basic transcription instead of the diplomatic one as an additional target for the CTC feedback. Additionally, we introduce positional encoding at the intersection between the encoder and decoder to resolve the conflict of competing encoder objectives, balancing CTC loss reduction with the maintenance of implicit positional encoding for the decoder. Our empirical tests on the newly created dataset “Nuremberg Letterbooks” demonstrate significant data efficiency improvements. With only 4000 training lines (about 130 transcribed pages), we achieve a Character Error Rate (CER) of 9.39% without expanded abbreviations and 12.07% with expanded abbreviations, outperforming the baseline errors of 14.26% and 68.21%, respectively.
Stereotactic implantation of diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy sources in the swine brain: a potential new focal therapy for brain tumors
Authors: Shoshan Yigal , Gomori Moshe J. , Moss Lior , Bari Saleem Eben , Edery Nir , Den Robert B. , Arazi Lior , Popovtzer Aron , Feldman Jon , Moscovici Samuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Diffusing alpha-emitters Radiation Therapy (“Alpha DaRT”) is a new cancer treatment modality that employs radium-224-loaded metal sources implanted in solid tumors to disperse alpha-emitting atoms within a therapeutic “kill-zone” of a few millimeters around each source. Preclinical studies have demonstrated tumor growth delay in various cancer types, including glioblastoma multiforme, and the method is used in clinical trials for patients with skin and head and neck cancer. This study aims to assess the safety and feasibility of implementing Alpha DaRT for brain tumor treatment in a large animal model.

Methods
Alpha-DaRT sources were delivered via image-guided stereotactic implantation into both hemispheres of eight swine. 1–3 layers of radial deployment of 7 sources were delivered through a single penetration point into each hemisphere. A 90-day follow-up period included clinical evaluation, brain MRI, head CT, blood, CSF, urine, and feces sampling, and an analysis of source location over time. Brain tissue pathology was performed on termination.

Results
Alpha-DaRT sources were reproducibly and efficiently delivered to the brain cortex and subcortex. No unexpected abnormalities were detected in blood or CSF samples. MRI and CT scans revealed no evidence of major bleeding or infection. Measurements of 212Pb in blood and CSF exhibited the expected exponential decay from day 7 to day 14 post-source implantation. Minimal spatial and temporal movements of the sources were noted. Histopathological analysis demonstrated locally confined findings in brain parenchyma in a very close proximity to the sources.

Conclusion
Alpha-DaRT sources can be safely delivered into a large animal brain using image-guided stereotactic implantation. These findings support further exploration of Alpha DaRT as a potential treatment modality for brain tumors.