bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prácticas Preventivas dentro de la Ventana de Infectividad dental por parte de madres lactantes, pacientes del Hospital Universitario Angel Larralde, en Carabobo, Venezuela
Authors: Catarí Patricia , Portocarrero Gloriana , Hoffmann Ingrid , Ojeda Federico 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo de investigación es identificar mediante la educación para la salud el nivel de conocimiento de las madres de las madres referente a la ventana de infectividad bucal en el binomio madre-hijo y a las prácticas preventivas. Materiales y Métodos: La muestra fue tomada durante la consulta de obstetricia del Hospital Universitario Ángel Larralde, estado Carabobo en el período Septiembre-Diciembre del año 2017. Previamente, las madres habían recibido instrucción referente a técnicas de higiene personal y bucal por parte de los residentes del Postgrado de Odontopediatría de la Universidad de Carabobo. El enfoque de la investigación es cualitativo, modalidad de campo de tipo descriptiva, diseño no experimental transversal. La muestra fue de treinta (30) madres. Los datos se Originalrecolectaron por medio de la técnica de la encuesta usando como un cuestionario contentivo de veinticinco (25) preguntas, sobre las dimensiones contacto directo, lactancia materna e higiene personal. Los datos obtenidos fueron organizados y presentados en tablas. Resultados: Se obtuvo un nivel de conocimiento de la transmisibilidad bacteriana por contacto directo regular. El nivel de conocimiento de las prácticas preventivas durante la lactancia materna fue deficiente, a diferencia del conocimiento referente a las medidas de higiene personal que fue aceptable. Conclusión: Se concluyó que los indicadores contacto directo y lactancia materna deben ser reforzadas.
Percepción de riesgo, creencias y normas subjetivas de la conducta proambiental en pobladores del sector ladrillero del distrito de San Jerónimo, Cusco, 2019
Authors: Cornejo Quispe Ana Lila 
Published: January 2021

Resumen
La investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la relación entre percepción de riesgo, creencias y normas subjetivas proambientales en los sectores ladrilleros del distrito de San Jerónimo, Cusco. Se aplicó tres instrumentos previamente validados a 205 pobladores de las ladrilleras. Se hizo uso de una metodología cuantitativo, descriptivo – correlacional y transversal. Los resultados evidenciaron la relación entre percepción de riesgo y creencias proambientales indicando correlación positiva directa de r = .43 y un valor de p < 0.000; la relación entre percepción de riesgo y normas subjetivas indican correlación positiva débil (r = .33) y un valor p < 0.001 y la relación entre las creencias proambientales y normas subjetivas indican correlación positiva significativa r =.44 y un valor p < 0.001. El resultado descriptivo muestra un nivel alto de percepción de riego (63.4%), creencias proambientales (66.3%); sin embargo, las nomas subjetivas (56.1%) tienen un nivel medio. Conclusión: los pobladores de las ladrilleras tienen percepciones, creencias y normas subjetivas proambientales con intención de disminuir conductas que deterioren el medio ambiente, pero este resultado no es reflejado en su conducta.
IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW AT INTERSECTION USING INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Shunu Daniel 
Published: January 2021

In this study, a proposed intelligent traffic management system is presented making use of the wireless sensor network for improving traffic flow. By making use of the clustering algorithm, VANET environment is utilized for the proposed system. The components of the proposed system include sensor node hardware, vehicle detection system through magnetometer, and UDP protocol for communication between the nodes. The intersection control agent receives the information about the vehicles and by making use of its algorithm, it dynamically changes the traffic light timings. By making use of the greedy algorithm, the system can be enhanced to a wider area by connecting multiple intersections.
INVESGITATION ABOUT TEACHING STYLE AND LEVEL OF DEPRESSION AMONG KENYAN SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Koome Gilbert , Yitambe Andre 
Published: January 2021

In current study, the objective was to identify the relationship between teaching style and level of depression among Kenyan junior and senior high school students. The study was conducted based on Kenyan educational panel survey. The methodology was longitudinal as students were studied in 2013 and repeatedly followed in 2017. The sampling was multistage stratified sampling and panel data analysis was used. The total sample size was 654 out of which 320 were male and 334 were female. The results showed that there were significant differences in terms of four perceived teaching style including authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and indifferent among junior high school x² (3,654=123.81, p<.001), and senior high school, ?² (3,654=62.91, p<.001). The finding suggests that teaching style in senior high schools had different pattern in terms of effects on junior high schools. Those junior students who considered their teacher style as more authoritarian showed higher depression compare to those who considered their teacher as authoritative, permissive, and indifferent. Less depression is also observed among senior high students who perceived there to be permissive compare to other teaching style including authoritative, authoritarian, and indifferent.
INDUSTRIALIZATION IN TANZANIA: THE NEED FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION
Authors: Wetengere Kitojo 
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study was to examine industrialization in Tanzania and the need to include the disadvantaged people in the development process. This study used a documentary review methodology. The study found that although industrialization is key to economic growth, if not properly managed, it tends to marginalize the poor people. This calls for social inclusion policy measures. The study, therefore, recommends that, if industrialization is to benefit the disadvantaged, agriculture, which employs the majority of the people, should be industrialized. Further, since the benefits of industrialization may not necessarily accrue to the poor, the above need to be accompanied by conscious efforts of the government and the private sector to provide social and economic services to the disadvantaged poor.
Keywords: Industrialization; Social Inclusion; Butter & Bread vs. Yeast & Bread; Economic Growth vs. Economic Development
CAREER CHOICES OF SENIOR HIGH TECHNICAL STUDENTS IN THE WA MUNICIPALITY OF GHANA
Authors: Ampofo Justice Agyei 
Published: January 2021

Choosing a career can be hard when you have no idea what you want to do. However, there seems to be paucity of studies on career choices among senior high schools’ students in Ghana in general and Wa Municipality in particular. This study was intended to find out the career choices of students of Wa Senior High Technical School in the Wa Municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana. A descriptive survey design was employed for the study. Data was collected from a sample of 80 students and 20 teachers using questionnaire. All respondents responded to the questionnaire. The data were presented in tables and charts and analysed using frequencies and percentages. The study found out that, the students needed career information, employment information, interpersonal needs, educational needs and self-understanding. The top career guidance needs of students as expressed by teachers and the school counsellor include educational information, study habits, interpersonal information, educational needs and career needs. The study also found that, the factors that influence students’ choice of career are extrinsic and interpersonal factors and they include perception of colleague/peer pressure, teachers’ influence, societal perceptions, availability of further training and occupational security. This helps students learn about and explore careers that ultimately lead to career choice. This played a critical role in shaping students career choice. It was recommended that Career Education and Guidance should be introduced in the primary school to enable children to explore the world of work as young people need to make a smooth transition from primary school to the initial years of Senior High School and the Ministry of Education should allocate fund for a Guidance and Counselling activities in all basic and second cycle schools. This will enable the guidance coordinators to function effectively at their various levels of work.
Keywords: Career Choices, Challenges, Senior High Technical School, Students, Wa, Ghana.
GROWTH PROSPECTS OF E-RETAILING IN ELECTRONIC GOODS MARKETS
Authors: Malhotra Gunjan , Aggarwal Ranjana 
Published: January 2021

E-retailing has emerged as a significant player in the retail industry in India. The major cutthroat competition happens between Flipkart, Amazon, and Snap deal. These merchants have a significant competitive edge on electronic goods over other merchants in Indian online shopping portals. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to understand and analyses the universal perception and satisfaction quotient of customers in India concerning to the purchase of electronic goods via these e-commerce merchants. We have used hypothesis testing and analysis of variance to understand customer satisfaction and customer perception. The results show that overall customer satisfaction is the highest for Flipkart. Also, the physical appeal and the quality of the product are the main reasons which impact the customer's perception toward not shopping online. This study is original in itself because it is limited to the purchase of electronic goods only from the emerging e-retail merchants- Flipkart, Snap deal, and Amazon in India.
EVALUATING THE LEVEL OF UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR BY QUANTITY SURVEYORS IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Akinrata Ebunoluwa Bimbola 
Published: January 2021

Construction industry is one of the main drivers of financial development in numerous countries not leaving out Nigeria. The industry faces a long rundown of ethics/moral difficulties identified with practices from its professionals. So therefore, the supposition study of this report demonstrated that there are basic conduct of concern with respect to unethical practices among Quantity Surveyors in Nigerian construction industry. The motivation behind this paper is to evaluate the level of unethical conduct among Quantity Surveyors by featuring most normal unethical conduct by Quantity Surveyors in their administrations conveyance in the Nigerian construction industry. Questionnaires enumerating 21 unethical practices by Quantity Surveyors which were sent to professionals in construction firms within the Nigerian construction industry to assess. Altogether, 114 legitimate reactions were investigated by mean item score and exploratory factor analysis. In view of the mean score, “Supplanting”, “Concealing of professional errors” and “Conflict of interest” are the most widely recognized unethical behaviour and conduct of Quantity Surveyors in their administrations conveyance in the investigation territory. From the aftereffects of factor analysis, six main practices were extracted, these are: Dishonesty, Insincerity, Financial mismanagement, Information leaking, Negligence, and Conflict of interest. While this study fills in as significant wellspring of reference for general learning on ethical behavior and moral conduct of Quantity surveyors in construction industry. The methodology utilized in this study can be replicated by different professionals in the construction industry like Architect, Contractors, Builders and the Engineers. This can likewise be duplicated in different areas for further studies. Moreover, further studies may utilize more techniques in gathered the information. . For this study, only questionnaire survey is utilized. Using several techniques will make the outcomes more adaptable and precise. Method such as interview, comparing data and many more can be adopted, this may explore the connections between the principal factors and their related factors. This study has given valuable data with respect to unethical conduct by Quantity Surveyors. However, the restriction is characteristic in the number of respondents in the investigation which is constrained just to the exploration zone. This study will be important wellspring of reference for general learning on ethical conduct of Quantity surveyors in Nigerian construction industry for researchers and various stakeholders in the industry. This study will be advantageous to all relevant parties that associated with the construction industry extending from those engaged with scholastic research, understudy and experts in the construction industry. The result introduced in this study give adequate confirmation and valuable pointers to illuminate a few confusions about unethical conduct in the construction industry.
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL; AN ASSESSMENT
Authors: Trang Do Thi , Dung Duong Thi , Thu Tran Thi Minh 
Published: January 2021

The study is about breast lesions which is a common cause of mortality and morbidity among females. To avoid negative consequences, there is need for urgent diagnosis and treatment. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a useful diagnostic tool and possess higher level of accuracy. In this study, the objective was to determine the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of palpable breast lumps. Additionally, the objective was to find the correlation between cytological findings and histopathological examination of surgical specimens. The methodology of the study was based on retrospective study method. FNAC of breast lump was conducted on 271 patients out of which 104 formed the base group. The results showed that there were 104 patients of base study who had average age of 32 years. There were 54 patients with lump in left breasts, and 46 patients with lump in right breasts and 4 patient had bilateral lump. There were 77 patients with benign, 34 patients with malignant, and 3 had atypica;/suspicious lesions on cytological examination. Based on histopathological examination, 77 cases were related to benign, 26 were related to malignant, and 1 with atypical/suspicious. Cyto-histological concurrence was 93.05% and 79.2% for Fibroadenoma and Infiltrating ductal carcinoma respectively. Overall sensitivity of FNAC procedure was 94.17%, specificity 100% and accuracy 93.26%. On the basis of result, it is concluded that FNAC is a simple, reliable method for diagnosis of both benign and malignant lesions and can be used in the evaluation of breast lesions.
Сучасний стан розвитку мікро та малого агробізнесу в Україні
Authors: Shevchenko Alisa , Petrenko Olga 
Published: January 2021

Мета. Метою статті є розкриття особливостей функціонування мікро та малих агропідприємств в Україні, виявлення негативних факторів впливу на результат діяльності таких підприємств і формування напрямів розвитку малого агробізнесу.
Методологія / методика / підхід. Методологічною основою дослідження є системний підхід до вивчення економічних явищ. Серед спеціальних методів використано абстрактно-логічний метод при виділенні особливостей функціонування малих підприємств України та формуванні висновків і рекомендацій; економіко-статистичний –при виявленні тенденцій і закономірностей розвитку мікро та малих підприємств; метод порівняння – при дослідженні динаміки окремих показників і графічний – при аналізі статистичних даних.
Результати. Розглянуто проблеми сучасного стану та динаміки розвитку мікро та малих підприємств аграрного спрямування. Наведено результати аналізу функціонування таких підприємств та їх значення в агробізнесі України. Виділено негативні фактори впливу на результат діяльності малих підприємств і необхідність державної підтримки. Обґрунтовано необхідність інноваційного розвитку мікро та малого агробізнесу. Досліджено основні напрями становлення та розвитку малого агробізнесу на перспективу.
Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Надано авторське трактування терміну «агробізнес»; дістали дальшого дослідження особливості функціонування таких підприємств, визначення їх основних складових частин; визначено місце таких підприємств у сучасному агробізнесі та сформовано основні напрями розвитку.
Практична цінність / значущість. Запропоновано конкретні заходи щодо напрямів розвитку малого агробізнесу України. Серед основних напрямів слід виділити вдосконалення податкової системи та доступність кредитування агробізнесу.
Role of trade in natural rubber and palm oil in the composition of GDP in Ivory Coast
Authors: Kouakou Paul-Alfred Kouakou 
Published: January 2021

Purpose. This paper discusses the effect of natural rubber and palm oil exports on economic growth in Ivory Coast from 1980 to 2016 using World Bank data.
Methodology / approach. The analysis involved the use of Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests and the ARDL model.
Results. This paper discusses the effect of natural rubber and palm oil exports on economic growth in Ivory Coast from 1980 to 2016 using World Bank data. The analysis involved the use of Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests and the ARDL model. The results of the study show that there is a positive and non-significant relationship between natural rubber exports and short-term economic growth. On the other hand, in the long term, they have a positive and significant influence on economic development. However, in the short and long term, palm oil exports have a positive and significant impact on gross domestic product. Finally, labour, investment and market opening have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in the short and long term respectively. Therefore, the Ivorian government needs to promote good agricultural practices and agricultural financing in order to increase the competitiveness of the Hevea –Oil palm sector.
Originality / scientific novelty. Previous studies in natural rubber and palm oil focused mainly on its production, constraints to production and processing. However, very few studies on its effects on economic growth have been done so far. This study fills that gap. It expanded the existing literature and the subject of the causal relationship between natural rubber and palm oil exports and economic growth in Ivory Coast and shed light on required efforts to enhance the production and utilization of natural rubber and palm oil at larger scale to bring economic development in Ivory Coast. At last, the ARDL model is used to address this issue.
Practical value / implications. The generated information will be useful to a number of organizations including: research and development, marketers, producers, policy makers, government and non-governmental organizations to assess their activities and improve their mode of operations, to help better guide the design and implementation of policies and strategies. Finally, knowing the existing relationship between natural rubber and palm oil exports and economic growth, together with impediments faced by natural rubber and palm oil exports, the study provides the various ways to improve these exports by increasing exports capacity of local producers. Research on this issue is too important to inform policymakers regarding resource allocation in the natural rubber and palm oil sector to achieve economic growth.
ENEM DURANTE A PANDEMIA? UM ESTUDO DE CASO DAS PERCEPÇÕES DE DOCENTES DA REDE ESTADUAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DO RIO DE JANEIRO SOBRE A REALIZAÇÃO DO ENEM 2020
Authors: Fernandes de  Abuquerque Regina Lucia 
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Tem-se por objetivo mapear as percepções de professores da Rede Estadual de Educação do Rio de Janeiro sobre a realização do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM), assim como analisar o oferecimento de atividades pedagógicas não presenciais aos alunos da rede que prestariam o exame. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, com 22 professores atuantes em turmas de Ensino Médio. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de aplicação de questionário remoto, com estrutura de respostas semiestruturadas. Os resultados parciais apontaram para divergências entre os professores em relação à realização do ENEM 2020, incluindo docentes que declararam percepções distintas quanto à realização do exame, utilizando-se de justificativas similares.
Palavras chave: Covid-19, Ensino Médio, ENEM 2020.
AVALIAÇÕES EM LARGA ESCALA E A INTRÍNSECA RELAÇÃO COM O CURRÍCULO
Authors: Neiva Sonia Maria de Sousa Fabrício , Fonseca Eliana Gonçalves da Silva 
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre as avaliações em larga escala como políticas públicas e a relação dessas avaliações com o currículo como mecanismo para fortalecer a ação regulatória do Estado, com base nas ideias preconizadas pelo neoliberalismo. Como metodologia, utiliza-se o enfoque argumentativo de caráter bibliográfico: Afonso (2009), Bonamino e Sousa (2012), Burbules e Torres (2004), Corazza (2005), Gimeno Sacristán (2013), Libâneo (2019), entre outros, fundamentam o estudo. Nessa perspectiva, currículo e avaliação não se resumem à prescrição de conteúdos ou competências, tampouco a exames ou testes em momentos pontuais, pois percorrem uma educação emancipatória e desvinculada das vertentes gerenciais.
Palavras-chave: Avaliações em larga escala; Currículo; Educação básica; Qualidade.
“Home Resources”
Authors: Guelzo Allen Carl 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
The case of Springfield and Upper Darby, two predominately Quaker townships in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in the late 1700s and early 1800s, shows how transitions to capitalism in the nineteenth century were rarely uniform. The townships persisted in maintaining subsistence characteristics even as other parts of southeastern Pennsylvania were transitioning to capitalist accumulation and urbanization. The principal mediums for this resistance were geographical and religious. However, by the 1820s, the introduction of mill technology eroded geographical resistance and encouraged the outmigration of entrepreneurs to urban environments. Also, a religious schism within the Quakers and the lure of evangelical Protestant sects undermined the religious cohesion of the townships. Springfield and Upper Darby transformed themselves into commercial farm communities with significant industrial components that “tethered” them to distant markets, and in which Quakerism ceased to serve the dominant religious worldview.
Urban Renewal in the “Human Renaissance”
Authors: Damato Nikol 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
In the post–World War II era, state and federal legislators introduced a legal rhetoric of the environment and urban renewal that reshaped discourse and decision-making by municipal leaders and African American activists in Pittsburgh. This study presents a fuller historical analysis of the regulatory framework and sociopolitical context of Pittsburgh's postwar urban renewal by examining the environment, renewal, race, and the law as interrelated and inextricable concepts. It argues that both white political leaders and Black activists navigated a shifting regulatory framework and legal environmental rhetoric to craft divergent narratives of urban renewal. By examining municipal, state, and federal laws, urban planning documents, court decisions, and newspaper articles, this analysis demonstrates the evolution of environmental arguments with changing social, legal, and political contexts from the postwar years to the 1970s. Conclusions reveal a fluid definition of “environment” and demonstrate the ongoing struggle for power over decision-making spaces.