bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Clinical Outcomes and Functional Status after Knee Fracture and Knee Fracture Dislocation
Authors: Bird Mackenzie L. , Chenard Kristofer E. , Gonzalez Leah J. , Konda Sanjit R. , Leucht Philipp , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare outcomes of tibial plateau fracture dislocations (FD) with tibial plateau fractures alone. This study was an analysis of a series of tibial plateau fractures, in which FD was defined as a fracture of the tibial plateau with an associated loss of congruent joint reduction and stability of the knee, and classified by the Moore system. Patient data collected included demographics, injury information, and functional outcomes (short musculoskeletal function assessment [SMFA] score and Pain by the visual analog scale). Clinical outcomes at follow-up were recorded including knee range of motion, knee stability and development of complications. There were a total of 325 tibial plateau fracture patients treated operatively, of which 22.2% were identified as FD (n = 72). At injury presentation there was no difference with regard to nerve injury or compartment syndrome (both p > 0.05). FD patients had a higher incidence of arterial injury and acute ligament repair (both p < 0.005). At a mean follow-up of 17.5 months, FD patients were similar with regard to pain, total SMFA scores, and return to sports than their non-FD counterparts (p = 0.884, p = 0.531, p = 0.802). FD patients were found to have decreased knee flexion compared with non-FD patients by 5 degrees (mean: 120 and 125 degrees) (p < 0.05). FD patients also had a higher incidence of late knee instability and subsequent surgery for ligament reconstruction (p < 0.005 & p < 0.05). However, there was no difference in neurological function between groups at follow-up (p = 0.102). Despite the higher incidence of ligamentous instability and decreased range of motion, FD patients appear to have similar long-term functional outcomes compared with non-FD of the tibial plateau. While FD patients initially presented with a higher incidence of arterial injury, neurovascular outcomes at final follow-up were similar to those without a dislocation.
Measurement of Medial Tibial Eminence Dimensions for the Clinical Evaluation of ACL-Injured Knees: A Comparison between CT and MRI
Authors: Stepanyan Hayk , Nazaroff Jaron , Le Ngoc , Parker Robert , Tando Toshimi , Yoshioka Hiroshi , Wang Dean 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly lead to translational and rotational tibiofemoral instability. The morphology of the medial tibial eminence (MTE) has received increased attention regarding its role in tibiofemoral stability in ACL-injured knees. Therefore, quantification of MTE dimensions on clinical imaging may help clinicians predict knee stability after ACL injury. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely obtained in patients with ACL injuries, whether the dimensions of the MTE can be accurate quantified on MRI is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of correlation between measurements of MTE height and width on computed tomography (CT) versus MRI. An institutional picture archiving and communication system imaging database was used to identify patients aged between 15 and 60 years who received concurrent MRI and CT of the same knee within a 1-year interval. Knees with significant arthrosis, deformity, intraarticular fracture, or hardware-related artifact that obscured visualization of the MTE were excluded. Mean differences and interstudy agreement between CT and MRI MTE measurements were compared using concordance correlation coefficient (r
c) and Bland–Altman analysis. A total of 41 knees in 38 patients (mean age, 37 years; 82% male) were analyzed. Interrater reliability for CT and MRI measurements was high (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.740–0.954). On coronal CT and MRI, mean MTE height measurements were 10.4 ± 1.9 and 10.4 ± 1.8 mm, respectively; mean MTE width measurements were 14.6 ± 3.6 and 14.2 ± 3.0 mm, respectively. On sagittal CT and MRI, mean MTE height measurements were 11.6 ± 1.7 and 11.7 ± 1.7 mm, respectively; mean MTE width measurements were 36.5 ± 4.8 and 36.2 ± 5.0 mm, respectively. Good agreement was observed between CT and MRI measurements of MTE height and width on coronal and sagittal planes (r
c = 0.947–0.969). Measurements of MTE height and width were similar on MRI relative to CT on both coronal and sagittal planes. MRI may be suitable for characterizing the dimensions of the MTE when clinically evaluating patients with ACL injuries, potentially allowing for individualized patient care.
High effective sensitivity, wide working range of melt-blown nonwoven conductive substrates for smart wearable strain sensors
Authors: Liu Jingfang , Liu Rangtong , Liu Shuping , Li Liang , Li Shujing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
High sensitivity, wide working range and flexible portability of strain sensors are crucial for smart wearable applications. To obtain these performances, several elastic melt-blown nonwoven substrates with excellent flexibility and high conductivity were developed by loading with polypyrrole through a double-dipping and double-rolling finishing method. The structure and conductivity are characterized by scanning electron microscope, infrared spectrometer, digital source meter and so on. The results indicate that the conductivity of prepared substrates is affected by the pyrrole concentration and polypyrrole amount deposited in nonwovens. Obviously, the conductivity and sensitivity of substrates as strain sensors are highly and positively correlated to the fiber orientation in nonwovens, and the effective working range and corresponding sensitivity of sensors are determined by the elastic deformation interval of melt-blown substrate. When the pyrrole concentration is 5.5%, the nonwoven substrate with 45.30% porosity possesses the anisotropic optimal conductivity with 23.491 S m−1 along winding direction and 15.063 S m−1 along width direction. Moreover, the as-prepared flexible conductive substrate exhibits the characteristics of wide working strain range (0%–24.2%), high sensitivity with 1.94 gauge factor at the range, fast response (0.023 s), tiny hysteresis (0.011 s), high durability and stability after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, the as-prepared sensor provides an effective method to prepare smart wearable strain sensors used as the monitor of finger bending in details and the precise recognition of human voice changes.
Residue-free suspended graphene transferred by perforated template
Authors: Kim Sang-Min , Lee Choong-Kwang , Yoon Sung-Uk , Kim Kyung-Shik , Hwangbo Yun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A residue-free transfer method for graphene is proposed in this study, especially for the fabrication of suspended structures. Using perforated polymer templates, graphene can be precisely transferred onto the specific position in the perforated target SiO2/Si substrates without the need for polymer removal and the subsequent thermal annealing process. The surface of the transferred graphene by the proposed method was analyzed and corroborated via Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy. The results of these analyses suggest that the graphene surface has no polymeric residues resulting from the transfer process. The proposed method provides a powerful approach for the transfer of 2D materials and it enables the exploitation of their suspended structures for device applications as well as the physical characterizations without worry on the effect of contaminants.
Universal spin-glass behaviour in bulk LaNiO2, PrNiO2 and NdNiO2
Authors: Lin Hai , Gawryluk Dariusz Jakub , Klein Yannick Maximilian , Huangfu Shangxiong , Pomjakushina Ekaterina , von Rohr Fabian , Schilling Andreas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Motivated by the recent discovery of superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelate thin films, we report on a synthesis and magnetization study on bulk samples of the parent compounds RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd). The frequency-dependent peaks of the alternating current magnetic susceptibility, along with remarkable memory effects, characterize spin-glass states. Furthermore, various phenomenological parameters via different spin glass models show strong similarity within these three compounds as well as with other rare-earth metal nickelates. The universal spin-glass behaviour distinguishes the nickelates from the parent compound CaCuO2 of cuprate superconductors, which has the same crystal structure and d
9 electronic configuration but undergoes a long-range antiferromagnetic order. Our investigations may indicate a distinctly different nature of magnetism and superconductivity in the bulk nickelates than in the cuprates.
In vivo blue light illumination for optogenetic inhibition: effect on local temperature and excitability of the rat hippocampus
Authors: Acharya Anirudh R , Vandekerckhove Bram , Larsen Lars Emil , Delbeke Jean , Wadman Wytse J , Vonck Kristl , Carette Evelien , Meurs Alfred , Vanfleteren Jan , Boon Paul , Missinne Jeroen , Raedt Robrecht 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective. The blue light-activated inhibitory opsin, stGtACR2, is gaining prominence as a neuromodulatory tool due its ability to shunt-inhibit neurons and is being frequently used in in vivo experimentation. However, experiments involving stGtACR2 use longer durations of blue light pulses, which inadvertently heat up the local brain tissue and confound experimental results. Therefore, the heating effects of illumination parameters used for in vivo optogenetic inhibition must be evaluated. Approach. To assess blue light (473 nm)-induced heating of the brain, we used a computational model as well as direct temperature measurements using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The effects of different light power densities (LPDs) and pulse durations on evoked potentials (EP) recorded from dentate gyrus were assessed. For opsin-negative rats, LPDs between 127 and 636 mW mm−2 and pulse durations between 20 and 5120 ms were tested while for stGtACR2 expressing rats, LPD of 127 mW mm−2 and pulse durations between 20 and 640 ms were tested. Main results. Increasing LPDs and pulse durations logarithmically increased the peak temperature and significantly decreased the population spike (PS) amplitude and latencies of EPs. For a pulse duration of 5120 ms, the tissue temperature increased by 0.6 °C–3.4 °C. All tested LPDs decreased the PS amplitude in opsin-negative rats, but 127 mW mm−2 had comparatively minimal effects and a significant effect of increasing light pulse duration was seen from 320 ms and beyond. This corresponded with an average temperature increase of 0.2 °C–1.1 °C at the recorded site. Compared to opsin-negative rats, illumination in stGtACR2-expressing rats resulted in much greater inhibition of EPs. Significance. Our study demonstrates that light-induced heating of the brain can be accurately measured in vivo using FBG sensors. Such light-induced heating alone can affect neuronal excitability. Useful neuromodulation by the activation of stGtACR2 is still possible while minimizing thermal effects.
Optical Inter-Satellite Link over Low Earth Orbit: Enhanced Performance
Authors: Shehata Mohamed I. , Asmaa Zaki M. , Fayed Heba A. , Aziz Ahmed Abd El , Aly Moustafa H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Space communication systems are traditionally operated with microwave in satellite-to-satellite links. Now, more efficient and reliable operation is required, which lead to use optical links for Inter Satellite Links (ISLs). This paper investigates the system performance of an optical ISL proposed between satellites over Low Earth Orbit (LEO). In this study, the proposed link is simulated to obtain a maximum bit rate and minimum bit error rate (BER) over different links distances. The system performance is improved by investigating its dependency on the photo detector type, operating wavelength, transmitted optical power, RZ and NRZ schemes. Our work results that best Q- factor are approximately 40 leading to a minimum BER for the LEO orbit, at 600 km when utilizing an APD. While at our investigation of the system performance at visible light bands, it is found that Q-factor will be approximately 60 achieving minimum BER with neglecting the eye-safety precautions in addition to the ability to transmit 2 Gbps at 10−9 BER within many bands.
A Modified SLM Scheme for PAPR Reduction of UFMC Systems
Authors: Alrabeiy Sahar M. , Fathy Sameh A. , Gasser Safa M. , El-Mahallawy Mohamed S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
One of the most promising 5G waveform candidates is the universal-filtered multicarrier system (UFMC). The UFMC system reduces the out-of-band (OoB) emission, bringing about higher spectral efficiency. This is assumed to reach robustness against frequency offset and low latency. Although, as aforementioned, the UFMC system offers many advantages, it lacks high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) as a multicarrier transmission technique. This research paper tackles two approaches; firstly, RCS, by developing a simulated conventional SLM system, with modifications to generate the same number of waveforms, while using fewer UFMC modulators. Secondly, by developing a simulated conventional SLM system, with modifications using the same number of modulators to generate more waveforms that would be generated in the conventional scheme. The two sets of results from the proposed M-SLM scheme are compared to each other, and to other PAPR reduction schemes using OFDM and UFMC. To reduce PAPR in UFMC systems, (M-SLM) scheme with low complexity is proposed. The essence of the proposed M-SLM scheme is represented in making use of the cyclically shifting process and FMC modulator’s linearity property. The proposed M-SLM scheme uses Um
UFMC modulators to produce Uw
alternative UFMC waveforms, where Uw
= Um
(2Um
− 1). As a result, drawing a comparison with existing SLM based PAPR reduction schemes for UFMC systems; the proposed M-SLM scheme's computational complexity is reduced. Finally, there is a comparison between the proposed M-SLM scheme and the schemes there in the literature according to PAPR reduction ability.
Novel and Compact Circular Ring Microstrip Antenna with Parasitic Chip for 5G Applications
Authors: Dyasti Sherif El , Mostafa Maged Medhat , Ghoz Prof. Hussien , Sree Mohamed Fathy Abo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, a circular patch antenna is designed and a parametric study in terms of different geometrical parameters is conducted. As a second step, a parasitic chip is introduced on top of the proposed circular patch antenna in the aim to enhance the gain and antenna efficiency. The proposed antenna operates at 25.61 GHz (With a frequency range between24.383 GHz and 27.7 GHz), suitable for 5G applications. The antenna modelling with and without parasitic chip, along with the performance analysis is conducted with CST Studio Electromagnetic (EM) simulator software. A compact size of 10×10×1.547 mm3, easy to fabricate, broadband characteristics up to 3.31 GHz with a high gain up to 6.87 dB, total efficiency of 95 % and a minimum return loss low than -68.02 dB covering the operating frequency range. Lastly, to investigate and validate the antenna overall performance, both frequency and time domain-based simulation is performed, and a good agreement is obtained.
Dual Band Patch Antenna Based on Letter Slotted DGS for 5G Sub-6GHz Application
Authors: Sree Mohamed Fathy Abo , Elazeem Mohamed Hassan Abd , Swelam Wael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To design a multiband microstrip patch antenna, the Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technique is applied to add a disturbance effect in the surface current distribution and create a multi-resonance frequency. Furthermore, and in the aim to achieve a high gain, a high superstrate is added above the basic antenna design. The developed antenna is dedicated to the 5G sub 6GHz band application. The proposed antenna is based on RO5880 dielectric substrate of ɛ=2.2 and has an overall dimension of 77×70.11×1.6 mm3. The antenna operates at a sub 6GHz frequency range (at 4.53 to 4.97 GHz) and fits in 5G band application standard. Using CST Studio Suite Electromagnetics (EM) Solver, antenna’s performances are investigated; an average gain of 5 dB with acceptable radiation efficiency is obtained at the operating frequencies, suitable for sub-6GHz 5G application. The proposed antenna is fabricated, and experimental analysis is conducted using ROHDE & SCHWARZ ZVB20 network analyser, which shows a good agreement with the simulation analysis.
Target Assignment for Cooperative Quadrotors Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Mahfouz Mohamed , Hafez Ahmed T. , Ashry Mahmoud M. , Elnashar Gamal 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The target assignment for cooperative Unmanned aerial vehicles is a critical topic. Most target assignment approaches yield computational complexity when dealing with multiple UAVs. This work offers target assignment approaches and resolves multiple UAVs problems by introducing a proposal of target assignment approaches. The main contribution of this work is solving the target assignment problem using optimal time approach and gain maximization approach in double stages. At the first stage, the urgently desired target to be fetched from the detected target group is selected by using the proposed objective function based on three attribute values of targets (threating weight - importance weight - separating distance). At the second stage, the proposed objective function is used and assign related UAVs for selected desired targets by considering the coverage factors, adaptive-limitation and constrains.
Reconstruction of Depolarization Pattern in Myocardial Infarction Cases Using Two Cascaded Stages of Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Mabrouk Nihal A. , Khalifa Abdelreheem M. , Nasser Abdelmenem A. , Aly Moustafa H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Our paper introduces a new technique for diagnosis of various heart diseases without the need of highly experts to investigate the electrocardiogram (ECG). Using the same electrodes of the ECG machine, it will be able to transmit directly the electrical activity inside the heart to a moving picture. Our technique is based on artificial intelligence algorithm using artificial neural networks (ANN). Finding the trans-membrane potential (TMP) inside the heart from the body surface potential (BSP) is known as the inverse problem of ECG. To have a unique solution for the inverse problem the data used should be obtained from a forward model. A three dimensional (3-D) model of cellular activation whole heart embedded in torso is simulated and solved using COMSOL Multiphysics software. In our previous paper, one ANN succeeded in displaying the wave propagation on the surface of a normal heart. In this paper, we used a configuration of ANNs to display different cases of heart with myocardial infarction (MI). To check the system accuracy, eight MI cases with different sizes and locations in the heart are simulated in the forward model. This configuration proved to be highly accurate in displaying each MI case -size and location- presenting the infarction as an area with no electrical activity.
A Comparative Study of Homomorphic Encryption Schemes Using Microsoft SEAL
Authors: Fawaz Shereen Mohamed , Belal Nahla , ElRefaey Adel , Fakhr Mohamed Waleed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) technology is a method of encrypting data that allows arbitrary calculations to be computed. Machine learning (ML) and many other applications are relevant to FHE such as Cloud Computing, Secure Multi-Party, and Data Aggregation. Only the authenticated user has the authority to decrypt the ciphertext and understand its meaning, as encrypted data can be computed and processed to produce an encrypted output. Homomorphic encryption uses arithmetic circuits that focus on addition and multiplication, allowing the user to add and multiply integers while encrypted. This paper discusses the performance of the Brakerski-Fan-Vercauteren scheme (BFV) and Cheon, Kim, Kim, and Song (CKKS) scheme using one of the most important libraries of FHE “Microsoft SEAL”, by applying certain arithmetic operations and observing the time consumed for every function applied in each scheme and the noise budget after every operation. The results obtained show the difference between the two schemes when applying the same operation and the number of sequential operations each can handle.
Sensitivity analysis of centrifugal compressors aerodynamic losses using 1D-mean streamline prediction technique
Authors: Mahmoud Mostafa , Shaaban S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
One-dimensional modeling and prediction of the centrifugal compressor performance are challenging as they require conservation equations and empirical and semi-empirical correlations. Therefore, there is a need to perform a consolidated study of the compressor aerodynamic loss models to conclude the importance of each loss to the compressor performance modeling. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of each aerodynamic loss on the compressor performance and explore more about which loss could have a negligible effect on the compressor performance. A MATLAB code was developed to predict the performance of five different small turbocharger centrifugal compressors at different geometric and operating conditions. The developed code was validated using the available experimental data of the investigated compressors. A sensitivity analysis methodology was performed using the validated code to check the effect of ten aerodynamic losses for the impeller and volute sections on the compressor performance. This paper concludes that impeller disk friction, blade loading, and clearance losses have a negligible effect on the small turbocharger vanless diffuser compressor performance.
Adaptive Fuzzy PID Controller applied to micro turbojet engine
Authors: shehata Ahmed M , khalil Mohamed K , Ashry Mahmoud M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Digital controllers are utilized for controlling modern gas turbine engines. Firstly, an identified discrete model is built for a micro turbojet engine (MTE) jet cat P200sx. Two controllers are designed, gain scheduling PID and adaptive fuzzy tuned PID controllers are presented in this paper. Analysis of traditional PID and Adaptive fuzzy tuned PID controller applied for micro turbojet engine is presented. According to the fuzzy rules, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is developed to modify the gains of the PID controller automatically. MATLAB/Simulink is utilized to simulate the complete device consisting of an adaptive fuzzy PID controller, and the micro turbojet engine model. The two controllers’ responses are compared. A comparison of the robustness of each controller against the effect of noise and rejection of disturbance is illustrated. The results showed that, through small rise time, small set time, minimal overshoot, and minimal SteadyState speed error, the PID controller adaptive fuzzy tuned provides better dynamic MTE action and thus superior performance.