bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cryo-EM structure of MukBEF reveals DNA loop entrapment at chromosomal unloading sites
Authors: Bürmann Frank , Funke Louise F.H. , Chin Jason W. , Löwe Jan 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe ring-like structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex MukBEF folds the genome of Escherichia coli and related bacteria into large loops, presumably by active DNA loop extrusion. MukBEF activity within the replication terminus macrodomain is suppressed by the sequence specific unloader MatP. Here we present the complete atomic structure of MukBEF in complex with MatP and DNA as determined by electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM). The complex binds two distinct DNA double helices corresponding to the arms of a plectonemic loop. MatP-bound DNA threads through the MukBEF ring, while the second DNA is clamped by the kleisin MukF, MukE and the MukB ATPase heads. Combinatorial cysteine cross-linking confirms this topology of DNA loop entrapment in vivo. Our findings illuminate how a class of near-ubiquitous DNA organizers with important roles in genome maintenance interacts with the bacterial chromosome.HighlightsComplete atomic structures of the bacterial SMC complex MukBEF on and off DNA.MukBEF entraps two DNA double helices when bound to the unloader MatP.In vivo topology of DNA loop entrapment determined by cysteine cross-linking.Arms of the DNA loop thread through separate compartments of MukBEF.Graphical abstract
Force redistribution in clathrin-mediated endocytosis revealed by coiled-coil force sensors
Authors: Ren Yuan , Yang Jie , Fujita Barbara , Jin Huaizhou , Zhang Yongli , Berro Julien 
Published: June 2021

AbstractForces are central to countless cellular processes, yetin vivoforce measurement at the molecular scale remains difficult if not impossible. During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, forces produced by the actin cytoskeleton are transmitted to the plasma membrane by a multi-protein coat for membrane deformation. However, the magnitudes of these forces remain unknown. Here, we present newin vivoforce sensors that induces protein condensation under force. We measured the forces on the fission yeast HIP1R homologue End4p, a protein that links the membrane to the actin cytoskeleton. End4p is under ∼19 pN force near the actin cytoskeleton, ∼ 11 pN near the clathrin lattice, and ∼9 pN near the plasma membrane. Our results demonstrate that forces are collected and redistributed across the endocytic machinery.One-Sentence SummaryNewin vivocoiled-coil force sensors reveal force redistribution during endocytosis.
Unbiased in vivo exploration of nuclear bodies-enhanced sumoylation reveals that PML orchestrates embryonic stem cell fate
Authors: Tessier Sarah , Ferhi Omar , Geoffroy Marie-Claude , Gonzalez-Prieto Roman , Canat Antoine , Quentin Samuel , Pla Marika , Niwa-Kawakita Michiko , Bercier Pierre , Rérolle Domitille , Therizols Pierre , Fabre Emmanuelle , Vertegaal Alfred C.O. , de Thé Hugues , Lallemand-Breitenbach Valérie 
Published: June 2021

SummaryMembrane-less organelles are condensates formed by phase separation whose functions often remain enigmatic. Upon oxidative stress, PML scaffolds Nuclear Bodies (NBs) to regulate senescence or metabolic adaptation, but their role in pluripotency remains elusive. Here we establish that PML is required for basal SUMO2/3 conjugation in mESCs and oxidative stress-driven sumoylation in mESCs or in vivo. PML NBs create an oxidation-protective environment for UBC9-driven SUMO2/3 conjugation of PML partners, often followed by their poly-ubiquitination and degradation. Differential in vivo proteomics identified several members of the KAP1 complex as PML NB-dependent SUMO2-targets. The latter drives functional activation of this key epigenetic repressor. Accordingly, Pml−/− mESCs re-express transposable elements and display features of totipotent-like cells, a process further enforced by PML-controlled SUMO2-conjugation of DPPA2. Finally, PML is required for adaptive stress responses in mESCs. Collectively, PML orchestrates mESC fate through SUMO2-conjugation of key transcriptional or epigenetic regulators, raising new mechanistic hypotheses about PML roles in normal or cancer stem cells.
“Blackness is not just a single definition”: multimodal composition as an exercise for surfacing and scaffolding student theorizing in a Black Studies classroom
Authors: Ohito Esther O. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis study aims to investigate multimodal composition as an exercise or tool for teaching students theory building. To illustrate, an analysis of artifacts comprising a student’s multimodal composition, which was created in response to a multipart literacy assignment on theorizing Blackness, is analyzed.Design/methodology/approachAfrocentricity served as both theoretical moor and research methodology. Qualitative case study, focusing on the case of an individual student, was the research method used.FindingsMultimodal composition was an effective exercise for surfacing the multidimensionality of a student’s complex knowledge while simultaneously placing the student in the powerful position of theorist. The process of composing multimodally integrated reading, writing and speaking skills while revealing the focal student’s need for targeted writing intervention.Practical implicationsThe study evidences multimodal composition as a useful exercise for capturing students’ nuanced interpretations or students’ critical theorizing as well as meaningfully incorporating and assessing students’ literacy skills.Originality/valueExposure to preexisting theory alone relegates students to the realm of passive knowledge consumers. This undermines the emancipatory and justice-oriented objectives of critical education, which ideally contributes to social change by challenging dominant power structures and distorted perspectives of marginalized persons. To be empowered agentic learners, students need to be both taught how to theorize and engaged as theorists. This study shows how multimodal composition can be used as a liberatory literacy tool for those intertwined pedagogical purposes.
Board governance, ownership structure and foreign investment in the Saudi capital market
Authors: Bajaher Mohammed , Habbash Murya , Alborr Adel 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to examine whether board governance mechanisms and ownership structure play a role in foreign investors’ decisions when buying shares in Saudi listed companiesDesign/methodology/approachForeign investment in the Saudi capital market started in 2015 and reached a peak in 2019, with corporate governance regulations having been updated in 2017. The authors tested the proposed relationships using hand collected data for all Saudi non-financial firms in 2019.FindingsThis study found that it does not play a role in attracting foreign investment in the Saudi capital market. Foreign investors also seem to avoid firms with concentrated ownership that either have high government or director ownership; however, accounting and market variables show significant impact on foreign investors' decisions. The outcomes of this study provide empirical evidence that current foreign investors in the Saudi stock market do not place enough merit on board governance and their investment decisions tend to depend on share performance. Thus, the results show that the current governance changes and capital market regulations in Saudi Arabia may not have been sufficient to stimulate the inflow of institutional foreign investment to the country to date, but rather they have attracted individual retail foreign investors.Originality/valueThis empirical study is one of only a small number of studies to investigate the impact of internal corporate governance on foreign ownership in developing countries and the first in the Saudi context. In fact, most previous governance research in Saudi Arabia focused on how board governance and ownership structure influences firm performance. A review of the prior studies found that only Badawi et al. (2019) examined the determinants of foreign ownership among Saudi listed firms. Thus, the present investigation extends that study by examining the role of board governance in attracting foreign investors.
Data mining techniques for predicting the financial performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia
Authors: Ledhem Mohammed Ayoub 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply various data mining techniques for predicting the financial performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia through the main exogenous determinants of profitability by choosing the best data mining technique based on the criteria of the highest accuracy score of testing and training.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper used data mining techniques to predict the financial performance of Islamic banking by applying all of LASSO regression, random forest (RF), artificial neural networks and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) over monthly data sets of all the full-fledged Islamic banks working in Indonesia from January 2011 until March 2020. This study used return on assets as a real measurement of financial performance, whereas the capital adequacy ratio, asset quality and liquidity management were used as exogenous determinants of financial performance.

Findings
The experimental results showed that the optimal task for predicting the financial performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia is the KNN technique, which affords the best-predicting accuracy, and gives the optimal knowledge from the financial performance of Islamic banking determinants in Indonesia. As well, the RF provides closer values to the optimal accuracy of the KNN, which makes it another robust technique in predicting the financial performance of Islamic banking.

Research limitations/implications
This paper restricted modeling the financial performance of Islamic banking to profitability through the main determinants of return of assets in Indonesia. Future research could consider enlarging the modeling of financial performance using other models such as CAMELS and Z-Score to predict the financial performance of Islamic banking under data mining techniques.

Practical implications
Owing to the lack of using data mining techniques in the Islamic banking sector, this paper would fill the literature gap by providing new effective techniques for predicting financial performance in the Islamic banking sector using data mining approaches, which can be efficient tools in business and management modeling for financial researchers and decision-makers in the Islamic banking sector.

Originality/value
According to the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first that provides data mining techniques for predicting the financial performance of the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia.
Does performance evaluation kill creativity? A(re) interpretation of existing literature
Authors: Speckbacher Gerhard 
Published: June 2021

PurposeEnabling employee creativity and channeling the creativity of employees toward process and product innovations is a starting point of value creation processes and strategy maps. The dominant view in early creativity research seemed to be that creativity and control are inconsistent. More recently, a number of studies have come to acknowledge that performance evaluations (and rewards linked to such evaluations) may well have positive effects on creativity. This paper aims to review existing results on the effects of performance evaluations on creativity from the perspectives of different research streams.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyzes a stream of research in social psychology which has promoted the notion of an overall negative effect of performance evaluations on creativity. The (reinterpreted) results from this research stream are contrasted with findings from the behaviorist perspective and with research in management accounting.FindingsThe review of the different research traditions in the analysis of the effects of performance evaluations on creativity indicates that the seemingly contradictory empirical results can be explained by the different settings used and by the different ways how performance evaluations and linked rewards are conceptualized.Originality/valueThe paper clarifies that, in contrast to common beliefs, performance evaluations and linked incentives do not kill creativity in general. Performance evaluations and incentives can support creativity and innovation if they are transparent about what kind of creativity is desired and how such creativity is measured and rewarded. Moreover, incentives can effectively support behaviors that are known to be important within creativity and innovation processes.
Disclosure effectiveness in the financial planning industry
Authors: Richards Daniel W. , Safari Maryam 
Published: June 2021

PurposeScandals in the Australian financial services industry highlight the conflicts of interest between those who provide financial advice (financial planners) and their clients. Disclosure is a potential governance tool to manage these conflicts of interest by reducing asymmetries in information. Yet, the efficacy of disclosure is questionable as scandals persist, so this paper aims to research the effectiveness of disclosure in financial planning.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a qualitative approach involving the triangulation of data from parliamentary inquiries in financial services with data collected in semi-structured interviews with financial planning professionals.FindingsThe findings draw a clear portrayal of the disclosure requirements and illustrate how disclosure processes are onerous and complex. Starting with detangling the complex interactions between the beneficial role of disclosure in reducing information asymmetry and unethical behaviour and the detrimental effect of information overload, the authors then highlight effective disclosure techniques used by financial planners, including visualisation of material information. The study reveals that financial planners perceive their role as filtering information for clients and ensuring clients’ comprehension, due to the onerous disclosure requirements.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is of interest to researchers, practitioners, policymakers and society as it implies that how disclosure occurs is as important as what information is disclosed. Those who wish to foster effective disclosure in the financial services industry need to consider the quantity, quality and process of disclosure. A limitation is the research focusses on financial planning practices and not client outcomes, which could be considered in future research.Originality/valueThe study adds to the understanding of how disclosure is used as a governance tool and how the quantity of information may impede the effectiveness of disclosure in the financial planning industry. In addition, the study identifies and elaborates on the influential factors and best practices for enhancing the disclosure effectiveness by financial planners.
Ten‐year trends in lifestyle habits among community‐dwelling older people in Taiwan
Authors: Tsou Hsiao‐Ting , Wu Tai‐Yin , Kuo Kuan‐Liang , Hsiao Sheng‐Huang , Huang Sheng‐Jean , Tsai Ching‐Yao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveDifferent lifestyles may contribute to chronic diseases or a health condition. We aimed to study trends in lifestyle habits among community‐dwelling older people.MethodsThis retrospective time‐trend study enrolled 429 108 participants from the Senior Citizen Health Examination in Taiwan over ten years (2001–2010). We analysed lifestyle habits including smoking, alcohol, betel nut chewing, milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake, car driving and motorcycle riding. Joinpoint regression was used to identify changes in trend.ResultsThe overall rate of smoking, alcohol and betel nut chewing was 8.2%, 18.1% and 0.3%, respectively. Smoking rates decreased gradually, but alcohol and betel nut chewing increased. We found that milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake and car driving initially increased and then later decreased. The change in the trend was in 2003.ConclusionsThere were significant turning points in milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake and car driving. Implementation of strategies to change the behaviors of citizens about the intake of fruit and vegetable and milk drinking is important.
The 90‐day cause‐specific mortality after radical prostatectomy: a nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Björklund Johan , Stattin Pär , Rönmark Erik , Aly Markus , Akre Olof 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the cause‐specific mortality in the postoperative period after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsIn the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden (NPCR), we identified all men who died within 90 days after RP performed 1998–2018 and we assessed cause of death in a chart review. We compared the adjudications of death from our medical record review with those in in the Swedish Cause of Death Registry (CDR).ResultsOut of 44 635, 58 (0.13%) men who had undergone RP from 1998 through 2018 died within 90 days after RP. Per medical record review the most common causes of death were cardiac disease (30%) and venous thromboembolic events (VTE; 21%). No men died of metastatic PCa as was first indicated in the CDR. After robot‐assisted RP (RARP) or open retropubic RP (RRP), the postoperative mortality was 0.09% (19/21 520) and 0.19% (37/19 635), respectively. The effect off modality was confounded mainly by year of surgery, age at surgery, Charlson Comorbidity Index score and the concomitant pelvic lymph node dissection.ConclusionThe validated absolute 90‐day mortality after RP was 1.3/1000 during the 21‐year study period. Cardiovascular diseases were the most common causes of death after RP. Our validation of the CDR refuted the occurrence of postoperative deaths from metastatic PCa. There were differences in rates and type of mortality between RRP and RARP, but the RARP cohort was more recent than the RRP cohort, which likely explain the differences.
Musculoskeletal anatomy and nomenclature of the mammalian epipubic bones
Authors: Guilhon Gabby , Braga Caryne , Milne Nick , Cerqueira Rui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite the well‐established anatomy nomenclature for the marsupial skeleton, there are no names for the epipubic bone structures. Epipubic bones are paired bones articulating with the pubis and projecting cranially in the ventral body wall, present on the pelvic girdle of cynodonts, monotremes and marsupials. These bones were commonly thought to be related to pouch support in marsupials and more recently associated with locomotion. The parts of the epipubic bones have not been named and this has impeded proper morphological analysis. We analyzed the epipubic bones of 302 skeletons comprising American and Australian marsupials, as well as 27 monotreme skeletons, and dissected 10 marsupials for myological attachments analysis. We suggest the following nomenclature for the epipubic bone structures: crest for the cranial end, shaft for the body of the bone, lateral tubercle and the medial articular process. Some markings on the epipubic bone include the oblique line, pertaining to the attachment of external abdominal oblique muscle from the opposite side. The pyramidalis line is the suggested nomenclature for the pyramidalis muscle attachment and the inguinal ligament line for the inguinal ligament attachment. Regarding myology and attachments, based on dissections and review of the literature, the muscles pyramidalis, pectineus, external and internal abdominal oblique, transversus abdominis and rectus abdominis and the structures linea alba, linea semilunaris and the inguinal ligament are connected to the epipubic bone. As has been previously noted, anatomically, epipubic bones are so named due to their position (epi—above, pubic—pubis), and the same applies to structures such as the “epipubic process” or “epipubic cartilage” in amphibians and reptiles. While testing epipubic bone homology in vertebrates is beyond the scope of this work, we believe that using “epipubic bones” or epipubic cartilage/process as standardized terms for the structures found in the most cranial part of the superior ramus of the pubis would facilitate better anatomical communication. This should be valid for other similar terms, such as “epipubes” or “prepubis”, that might occur in the literature in relation to this same physiographic position, and it should also be named as epipubic. We believe that this nomenclature will help in future morphologic studies.
On the Importance of Playing House: Belonging Work and the Making of Relational Citizens in Finnish Immigrant Integration Policies
Authors: Haapajärvi Linda 
Published: July 2021

As participatory immigrant integration policies proliferate in Europe, it has become urgent to analyze the dynamics of citizenship these policies produce. This article forges the notion of belonging‐work to explore the practices that frontline social workers use to manage relations between immigrant women and their native neighbors. Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Helsinki, Finland, the article accounts for belonging as a socially situated phenomenon—as an interactive process that takes place in concrete institutional settings. It attracts attention to the domestic mode of belonging toward which welfare professionals channel immigrant women's local participation by constructing collective identities as local mothers, cultivating extended practices of care, and orchestrating feelings of “hominess” between the mobilized women. A pragmatic solution to preventing social isolation in inactive migrant women, participatory integration measures—if practiced alone—appear to hold weak potential for producing equal citizenship.Related Articles in this Special IssueBarrault‐Stella, Lorenzo, and Thomas Douniès. 2021a. “From Good ‘User’ to Good Citizen? The Political Effects on Families of Education Policies in France.” Politics & Policy 49 (4).Barrault‐Stella, Lorenzo, and Thomas Douniès. 2021b. “Introduction to the Special Issue: Citizenship as a Tool of Government in Europe.” Politics & Policy 49 (4).Ewert, Benjamin. 2021. “Citizenship as a Form of Anticipatory Obedience? Implications of Preventive Health Policy in Germany.” Politics & Policy 49 (4).
Population structure and genetic diversity suggest recent introductions of Dothistroma pini in Slovakia
Authors: Adamčíková Katarína , Jánošíková Zuzana , van der Nest Ariska , Adamčík Slavomír , Ondrušková Emília , Barnes Irene 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDothistroma pini is one of two pathogens causing Dothistroma needle blight (DNB), a foliar disease of pines. The species was redefined in 2004 and subsequently recorded in several European countries. In Slovakia, the first report of the pathogen was in 2013. In this study, the population structure, genetic diversity, and reproductive mode of 105 isolates collected from 10 localities and seven hosts were determined in Slovakia. Species‐specific mating type markers, ITS haplotype determination, and 16 microsatellite markers were used to characterize and genotype the isolates. Overall, 15 unique multilocus haplotypes (MLHs) based on microsatellite markers and three ITS haplotypes were identified. Three independent methods (DAPC, STRUCTURE, EDENetwork) separated the isolates into two distinct population clusters corresponding with ITS haplotypes. A high level of clonality was recorded suggesting that conidia are the primary source of pathogen dispersal. The low genetic diversity, predominantly asexual reproductive mode of the pathogen, and the fact that most isolates were collected from introduced tree species and native species in artificially planted urban greenery, supports the hypothesis that D. pini has been recently introduced into Slovakia.