bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bienestar animal y calidad de la canal en ovinos de pelo beneficiados en un frigorífico de Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Aguayo-Ulloa Lorena , Perdomo-Ayola Sandra Carolina 
Published: April 2021

Se realizó un estudio transversal del tipo descriptivo en una planta de beneficio (PB) comercial ubicado en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia, con el objetivo de determinar las características del transporte, manejo presacrificio e indicadores de calidad de la canal relacionados con el bienestar en ovinos. Se observaron 18 descargas y 883 canales de ovinos. Además, se registraron características del vehículo, del viaje y la carga; características del manejo animal en la PB; y calidad de canales en términos de pH y contusiones. La distancia promedio fue de 58.9 kilómetros. El peso promedio de los ovinos fue de 26,8 ± 6 kg y la densidad de carga fue entre 38,7 y 275,9 kg/m2. La espera en planta y la descarga del camión tardaron en promedio 21,7 y 38,7 minutos, respectivamente. El 88,3 % de los animales ingresó al noqueo jalado o empujado por un operario. El tiempo promedio entre noqueo y sangría fue de 74 segundos. El 29,2 % de las canales presentó algún grado de hematomas; 78,8 % afectó solo el tejido subcutáneo y 21,2 %, el tejido muscular. El 58,9 % fue de un diámetro < 5 cm, el 23,6 % entre 5 y 10 cm y 17,4 % > 10 cm. El lomo fue la región anatómica más afectada (49,6 %). El promedio de pH24 horas fue de 5,81. En general, los ovinos destinados a beneficio viajan a elevadas densidades de carga, son altamente manipulados previamente al sacrificio y presentan indicadores de pobre bienestar en la canal que estarían relacionados a algunas fuentes de estrés mencionadas.
Patients’ and Clinicians’ Perceived Trust in Internet-of-Things Systems to Support Asthma Self-management: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Hui Chi Yan , McKinstry Brian , Fulton Olivia , Buchner Mark , Pinnock Hilary 
Published: April 2021

Background
Asthma affects 235 million people worldwide. Supported self-management, including an action plan agreed with clinicians, improves asthma outcomes. Internet-of-things (IoT) systems with artificial intelligence (AI) can provide customized support for a range of self-management functions, but trust is vital to encourage patients’ adoption of such systems. Many models for understanding trust exist, some explicitly designed for eHealth, but no studies have used these models to explore trust in the context of using IoT systems to support asthma self-management.

Objective
In this study, we aim to use the McKnight model to explore the functionality, helpfulness, and reliability domains of patients’ and clinicians’ trust in IoT systems to deliver the 14 components of self-management support defined by the PRISMS (Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support) taxonomy.

Methods
We used think-aloud techniques in semistructured interviews to explore the views of patients and clinicians. Patients were recruited from research registers and social media and purposively sampled to include a range of ages, genders, action plan ownership, asthma duration, hospital admissions, and experience with mobile apps. Clinicians (primary, secondary, and community-based) were recruited from professional networks. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was used to explore perceptions of the functionality, helpfulness, and reliability of IoT features to support components of supported self-management.

Results
A total of 12 patients and 12 clinicians were interviewed. Regarding perceived functionality, most patients considered that an IoT system had functionality that could support a broad range of self-management tasks. They wanted a system to provide customized advice involving AI. With regard to perceived helpfulness, they considered that IoT systems could usefully provide integrated support for a number of recognized components of self-management support. In terms of perceived reliability, they believed they could rely on the system to log their asthma condition and provide preset action plan advice triggered by their logs. However, they were less confident that the system could operate continuously and without errors in providing advice. They were not confident that AI could generate new advice or reach diagnostic conclusions without the interpretation of their trusted clinicians. Clinicians wanted clinical evidence before trusting the system.

Conclusions
IoT systems including AI were regarded as offering potentially helpful functionality in mediating the action plans developed with a trusted clinician, although our technologically adept participants were not yet ready to trust AI to generate novel advice. Research is needed to ensure that technological capability does not outstrip the trust of individuals using it.
Examining the Feasibility of Early Mobilization With Virtual Reality Gaming Using Head-Mounted Display and Adaptive Software With Adolescents in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Case Report
Authors: Lai Byron , Powell Maegen , Clement Anne Grace , Davis Drew , Swanson-Kimani Erin , Hayes Leslie 
Published: April 2021

Background
Early rehabilitative mobilization for adolescents is safe and feasible. However, there is a lack of published rehabilitation strategies and treatments that can maximize engagement and outcomes among adolescents in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Virtual reality (VR) gaming using a head-mounted display (HMD) and adaptive software can allow active and nonactive gameplay at the bedside for people with limited arm mobility, making it a potentially inclusive and enjoyable treatment modality for adolescents in the PICU.

Objective
The purpose of this brief case study is to report on the preliminary feasibility of incorporating adaptive VR gaming using an HMD with 2 adolescents who received early mobility treatment within the PICU.

Methods
This study was a mini-ethnographic investigation of 2 adolescents (a 15-year-old male and a 13-year old male) in the PICU who underwent VR gaming sessions as part of their early mobilization care, using an Oculus Rift HMD and adaptive software (WalkinVR) that promoted full gameplay in bed. The Rift was plugged into a gaming laptop that was set up on a table within the patient’s room before each session. The intervention was delivered by an adapted exercise professional and supervised by a physical therapist. Patients had access to a variety of active games (eg, boxing, rhythmic movement to music, and exploratory adventure) and nonactive games (eg, racing and narrative adventure). Gaming sessions were scheduled between usual care, when tolerable and requested by the participant. The interventionist and therapists took audio-recorded and written notes after completing each gaming session. These data were analyzed and presented in a narrative format from the perspective of the research team.

Results
Case 1 participated in 4 gaming sessions, with an average of 18 minutes (SD 11) per session. Case 2 participated in 2 sessions, with an average of 35 minutes (SD 7) per session. Both cases were capable of performing active gaming at a moderate level of exercise intensity, as indicated by their heart rate. However, their health and symptoms fluctuated on a daily basis, which prompted the gameplay of adventure or nonactive games. Gameplay appeared to improve participants’ affect and alertness and motivate them to be more engaged in early mobilization therapy. Gameplay without the WalkinVR software caused several usability issues. There were no serious adverse events, but both cases experienced symptoms based on their condition.

Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that VR gaming with HMDs and adaptive software is likely a feasible supplement to usual care for adolescents within the PICU, and these findings warrant further investigation. Recommendations for future studies aimed at incorporating VR gaming during early mobilization are presented herein.
Climate and Energy Politics in Canada and Germany: Dealing with Fossil Fuel Legacies
Authors: Schott Stephan , Schreurs Miranda Alice 
Published: April 2021

Canada and Germany are both pursuing major energy transitions and far-reaching climate programs but differ in terms of policies towards some energy sources and their preferred policy instruments. Both countries have committed to large scale emission reductions despite the challenge of regional divestment from fossil fuels: hard coal in North Rhine Westphalia and the Saarland; lignite in the Rhineland, on the German-Polish border in the Lusatsia (Lausitz) region, and in central Germany; coal in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia; and oil in Western Canada. We contrast the current Pan Canadian framework (PCF) on Clean Growth and Climate Change to the German Climate Law and the European Green Deal setting targets to become climate neutral by 2050. Germany has plans for a dual phase out of nuclear energy by 2022 and coal by 2038. In contrast, Canada differs by province in terms of policies on fossil fuels and nuclear energy. Both are leaders in renewable energies, but differ in the type of renewable energy which dominates. We further examine the international action components of the PCF and its implications for collaboration with Germany and the EU. We discuss potential partnerships and strategic alliances between Canada and Germany in the context of their mutual interest to enable an energy transition and to lead to the implementation of the Paris agreement for climate change action. We identify political challenges within each federation, and especially the approach to impacted coal regions in Germany and Poland as well as the Canadian oil sands. Barriers to progress for meeting identified targets and timelines are considered. We conclude with insights on the possibility and likelihood of linking policies and regulatory measures across the Atlantic, and the political threats of advancing towards decarbonization and an energy transition away from fossil fuels in each jurisdiction.
Evaluation of the quality of the silage obtained from the uniformization pruning in intensive silvopastoral systems
Authors: Londoño-Carmona Juan David , Mahecha-Ledezma Liliana , Angulo-Arizala Joaquín 
Published: April 2021

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the nutritional composition of the silage made from the material collected from the uniformization pruning in an intensive SSP with buttercup. (Tithonia diversifolia) y tilo (Sambucus nigra), and mixed in different proportions with sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) and King grass (Pennisetum hybridum), using a commercial additive of lactic acid bacteria and ruiminal content (rumination). Six treatments were evaluated with five repetitions and a weight of 10 kg per treatment, distributed as follows: T1: 25% T. diversifolia + 25% S. nigra + 50% S. officinarum with commercial additive (BTCac), T2: T1 with ruiminal content (BTCru), T3: 25% T. diversifolia + 25% S. nigra + 50% + P. hybridum with commercial additive (BTPac), T4: T3 with ruiminal content (BTPru) T5: 25% T. diversifolia + 25% S. nigra + 25% S. officinarum + 25% P. hybridum with commercial additive (BTCPac), T6: T5 with ruiminal content (BTCPru). With the obtained data an asymmetric factorial design of two levels was carried out, the analyzed variables were: dry matter (MS), ash (CEN), crude protein (PC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin (LIG) processed by NIRS , through agreement U of A - DaryCaby and pH. The CEN presented significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments BTCac (11.92%), BTCru (11.62%) and BTCPac (14.76%), BTCPru (14.80%), BTPac (14 , 66%), BTPru (13.86%), but not between additives or interaction between treatment and additives, the NDF presented significant difference (p = 0.0375) among additives (58.08% and 60.39% commercial and ruiminal content respectively), but not between treatments or interaction between additive and treatments, lignin (LIG) presented a significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments BTCac (5.1%) and BTCPru (7.5%) ), BTPac (7.6%), BTPru (6.8%), and interaction between additive and treatments and there was no significant difference between treatments, the pH presented a significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments BTCac (4.1), BTCru (4.2) and BTCPac (4.7), BTCPru (4.6), BTPac (4.6), BTPru (4.8), and there was no difference between additives or interaction between additive and treatments, the MS and Pc did not present a significant difference among treatments, or interaction between additive and treatments, with averages of 16.5% and 10.7% respectively.
Eficacia en la Implementación de las Líneas estratégicas de Generación de Empleo del Plan Municipal de Desarrollo 2016-2019 en la Ciudad de San José de Cúcuta
Authors: Aro-Meza Ariyaeel 
Published: April 2021

Se analizó la eficacia en la implementación de las líneas estratégicas de generación de empleo del plan municipal de desarrollo 2016-2019 en la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta. Se empleó una investigación cuantitativa con alcance descriptivo. La población correspondió a los programas sociales destinados a la generación de empleo en el municipio, para la que se aplicó un muestro tipo censo, usando como instrumentos una ficha técnica para la observación de información y los datos se agruparon siguiendo un modelo estadístico descriptivo. Son muchas las estimaciones y proyecciones que se tomaron en cuenta dentro del PDM, las cuales se fundamentaron sobre cuatro líneas o dimensiones de acción: Dimensión Social, Dimensión Económica, Dimensión institucional y Dimensión ambiental. Muchas de las medidas asociadas a la generación de empleo no tuvieron el alcance deseado y algunas se perdieron por falta de una mejor planificación y creación de unos indicadores reales y evaluables por parte de los funcionarios de la administración municipal. Se estableció el cumplimiento de los planes proyectados en el PMD, diagnosticando un nivel de logro superior al 90%, el alcance de los mismos y qué mecanismo son los más indicados para mejorar los planes presentes en el mismo.
Impacto de los programas de transferencias monetarias condicionadas en la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los jóvenes
Authors: Barroso-Carrillo Luis Oscar , Barrientos-Rosales María de los Ángeles 
Published: April 2021

Partiendo de un análisis descriptivo y documental de diversos autores que han profundizado sobre los programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas, sus objetivos y la manera de operar; se logrará establecer que con la ayuda de componentes de habilidades para la vida, estos han logrado impactar en la reducción del consumo de sustancias ilegales en aquellos lugares donde se han implementado. Lo anterior deja como tema de discusión, la baja importancia que se le ha brindado a las habilidades para la vida como herramienta que ayuda a la consolidación del proyecto de vida de los jóvenes y finalmente deja como importante conclusión que las TMC pueden lograr un importante impacto en la reducción del consumo de sustancias ilegales y una mejor calidad de vida, siempre y cuando vayan acompañadas de un acceso adecuado a la salud, educación progresiva y un fortalecido componente de habilidades para la vida.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever-induced liver injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rathore Sawai Singh , Manju Ade Harrison , Wen Qingqing , Sondhi Manush , Pydi Reshma , Haddad Iskander , Hasan Jamal , Ali Muhammad Adnan , Tousif Sohaib , Singh Romil , Muhammed Abdul-Azeez , Ahmed Noman Khurshid , Patel Deep Manojkumar 
Published: April 2021

Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal acute
tick-borne viral infection and a substantial emerging global public
health threat. This illness has a high case fatality rate of up to 40%.
The liver is one of the important target organs of the CCHF virus.
Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation
between CCHF and liver injury and draw more generalized inferences
about the abnormal serum markers of liver injury such as alanine
aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in CCHF
patients. Methods: A literature search was accomplished for published
eligible articles with MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases. All eligible
observational studies and case series were included from around the
world. The inclusion criteria were articles describing liver injury
biomarkers AST and ALT amongst patients diagnosed with CCHF. Results:
Data from 18 studies, consisting of 1238 patients with CCHF were
included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of at
least one raised liver injury biomarker was 77.95% (95% CI, I2
= 88.50%, p < 0.0001). Similarly, pooled prevalence of
elevated AST and ALT was 85.92% (95% CI, I2 = 85.27%, p <
0.0001) and 64.30% (95% CI, I2 = 88.32%, p < 0.0001)
respectively. Both Egger and Begg-Mazumdar’s tests detected no apparent
publication bias in all three meta-analyses(p > 0.05).
Conclusion: These elevated liver injury biomarkers have been identified
as significant prognostic factors. Hence, Physicians must recognize and
continuously monitor these biomarkers, since these aid early
stratification of prognosis and the prevention of severe outcomes in
infection with such a high case fatality rate.
Etiologies of bloodstream infection and antimicrobial resistance: A cross sectional study among patients in a tertiary hospital, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Mauki Ibrahim Ireneus , William Jesca Deogratias , Mlay Henry Lucas , Saro Adonira Tajaeli , Saringe Samwel Ole , Mkumbaye Sixbert Isdory , Kajeguka Debora Charles 
Published: April 2021

Background: Bloodstream infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in people of all age groups, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In Tanzania, a recent report indicates that case fatality rate of 37% is attributed to bloodstream infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with bloodstream infections as well as to determine resistance pattern of bacterial isolates among patients visiting Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2019 at KCMC. A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Blood samples were collected for culture, malaria rapid test, typhoid and brucella tests. Clinical features, co-morbid conditions and patients' hospitalization data were recorded in the questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with bloodstream infections. Predictors of the outcome were considered significant at p<0.05.
Results: The prevalence of bloodstream infections was 52(26%). Participants with stomachache had less odds of having bloodstream infections as compared to other patients with symptoms (AOR=0.22, 5.33, 95%CI=0.05-0.97; p=0.04). Of the XX identified isolates Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest rates of resistance for Meropenem 8(88.8%), Cefotaxime 6(66.6%, Amikacin 6(66.6%), Gentamicin 6(66.6%) and Imipenem 6(66.6%). The lowest level of resistance was observed in Ceftriaxone 1(11.1%).
Conclusion: Bloodstream infections were highly prevalent in this sample (26%). Staphylococcus spp was the most commonly isolated organism and exhibited a high resistance rate to most antibiotics. This calls for increased and coordinated efforts to improve the identification, treatment and management of bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance, thereby improving clinical practice.
White space interpretation in Hermann Rorschach’s inkblot test
Authors: Hunca-Bednarska Anna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The interpretation of white space in the Rorschach test has not been clearly defined. The aim of my research was to analyze the psychological meanings that can be associated with using space in Rorschach test responses. I examined a sample of healthy individuals in order to establish the basic meanings that could serve as points of reference when interpreting ill people’s responses.

Material and method: I personally examined 158 healthy subjects with the Rorschach test. The examination procedure and the way of coding and interpreting responses were based on John Exner’s Comprehensive System. I divided the sample into three groups: I (no S responses), II (one or two S responses), and I II (three or more S responses). Next, I distinguished subgroup V (four or more S responses). I analyzed the differences between the groups in terms of other variables obtained in the examination using the Rorschach test. These variables were associated with using the complexity of the presented stimuli and with organizing the stimulus field; they were also associated with the emotional sphere, social adjustment, and ways of coping with stress.

Results: Group III differed from groups II and I in terms of nine variables, and differences regarding further four variables approached significance. Differences between group V and the remaining examinees were more marked and concerned 14 variables.

Discussion: Examinees with more S responses were better at using the complexity of stimuli and organizing the stimulus field. A certain characteristic feature of their emotional sphere also manifested itself: these people experienced situational stress more strongly, colored their responses with aggression, and more frequently experienced loneliness and alienation; intellectualization turned out to be their typical defense mechanism.

Conclusions: Based on the collected material, it can be concluded that responses are related to examinees’ creative potential. Collected from healthy individuals, the material may facilitate the interpretation of ill people’s responses, especially as such research has not been conducted in a Polish population before.
Parallel regional convergence in Poland before and after EU accession
Authors: Wójcik Piotr 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of regional disparities on NUTS 2 level in Poland for the period 1990–2017 within the framework of sigma convergence. We focus in particular on comparing the patterns of regional convergence before and after EU accession, introducing the methodology of parallel sigma convergence. The results show that the Mazowieckie voivodeship grew much above the average in both the pre- and post-accession periods, while eastern regions lagged behind. EU accession did not have a significant impact on the pattern of internal sigma convergence in Poland. Disparities between regions were increasing at the same pace before and after 2004, despite significant resources having been allocated to cohesion-focused undertakings after EU accession, especially in lagging eastern regions.