bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship among yield and quality traits in Sorghum bicolor L. Moench. for biomass and food utilisation
Authors: Naharudin Nazatul Shima , Muhmmad Amirul Hakim , Zaini Amir Hariz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fifteen genotypes of sorghum derived from four different sources of population were evaluated for quality and yield related components. The experiment was conducted at Field 10, Universiti Putra Malaysia in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance and genetic variation for eight yield and quality traits on selected genotypes sorghum, to estimate the phenotypic correlation between yield and yield related components in sorghum. Genotypes 1-3-5 and 1-4-4 were identified to have high yield for most of the biomass (904.0 g/plant and 880.7 g/plant respectively) and grain yield components (98.1 g and 88.97g respectively). Genotypes 1-1-1, 1-4-1 and 5-3-6 were found to have total soluble solid of more than 16%, which make them suitable for food purposes. Mean for all genotypes for all measured traits, together with the significant genotypic variance indicated substantial amount of genetic variability towards the improvement for fresh biomass weight, stem diameter and total soluble solid content. Biomass and grain yield traits namely plant height, fresh biomass yield, stem diameter and panicle weight indicated significant positive correlation. Thus, selection on any one of these traits will increase in the other traits, thereby improving biomass and grain yield in sorghum for mentioned purpose.
Waste water of various boiled legumes as potential of radical scavenging agents
Authors: Abdul Wahab I R , Mong J Q 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Peanut, soybean and chickpea important source of macronutrients and considered as important foodstuff in Malaysia. Boiled legumes are usually sold on by hawker on street. The water used for boiling the legumes is commonly thrown away without considering the radical scavenging potential of this so-called waste. Besides, there is lacking of awareness among the public about its nutritional benefits as part of sustainable food production aimed towards food security and nutrition. Furthermore, food antioxidants might play a significant role as physiological and dietary antioxidants which also could be a substitute for synthetic antioxidants and preservatives. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the radical scavenging activity of the waste water from the three types of boiled legumes. The legumes were boiled in hot water and the waste water were collected. In this study, the waste water is converted into powder by means of freeze-drying technique. Radical scavenging activity was investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, while its phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu assay and aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The waste water of peanut showed the highest percentage of DPPH inhibition at 85.03±6.91%, followed by chickpea and soybean waste water at 79.89±3.69% and 69.10±6.19%, respectively. Furthermore, the waste water of peanut also showed the lowest IC50 value of 0.503±0.05 mg/mL, followed by soybean and chickpea of 0.554 ±0.01 mg/mL and 0.697±0.04 mg/mL. On a side note, peanut waste water extract showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents which are 1.877±0.36 mg GAE/g and 0.736±0.01 mg CE/g, respectively, whereas chickpea showed the lowest content of both which are 0.519±0.01 mg GAE/g and 0.227±0.01 mg CE/g, respectively. As conclusion, the waste water of boiled legumes is worth to be further investigated on their radical scavenging activity using other assays and could be potentially developed into functional foods.
Carotenoids, phenolics and antioxidant properties of different sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) varieties
Authors: Ooi S F , Sukri S A M , Zakaria N N A , Harith Z T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the most important tuber crops for fresh consumption in Malaysia. However, it is not fully utilized with an approximately 30 % of the whole part sweet potato especially its skin is disposed upon consumption. Sweet potato contains abundant of valuable compounds such as carotenoids and phenolics with pharmaceutical values. This research was conducted to extract, quantify and determine the carotenoids, phenolics and antioxidant activity of skin and flesh from varieties of sweet potatoes. Extraction using acetone was carried out due to its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar substances. Results exhibited that orange flesh sweet potato consisted of the highest total carotenoid content (187.88 ± 3.27 µg/g) while purple flesh comprised the highest total phenolic content (96.00 ± 1.3 mgGAE/g). Dark purple skin sweet potato was determined to exhibit the highest antioxidant activity (93.21 ± 1.33 %) when compared to others. Sweet potato particularly its skins could be utilised for value-added purposes such as food fortification, food additives, and animal feed enhancers instead of wasting them. Environmental problems due to food waste accumulation could be greatly reduced and data obtained could aid in future research.
Chemical analysis of compost using pineapple leaves and cow dung as bio-activator
Authors: Fodzilah Nurdini I. M. , Nor Maryana Mohamad , Kayat Fatimah Binti , Abu Bakar Tengku Halimatun Sa’adiah T. , Zakaria Suhana , Sidik Nik M. , Redwan Raimi M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The number of area planted with pineapple at Malaysia is now increasing, especially after the fruit was recognized as one of the key crop under National Key Economic Area (NKEA). In practice, the pineapple plant remains only for one round of harvest cycle. After the fruit harvest, the leaves is usually pruned in order to stimulate the growth of suckers for the subsequent planting cycle. The pineapple leaves contained immense potential to be developed into products such as compost. In this study, the pineapple leaves were developed into compost by using the cow dung as the bio-activator and its chemical composition was then compared with the commercial organic fertiliser by using the proximate analysis. The composting process was performed in a styrofoam box and the decomposition process took 24 days for the compost to reach the constant ambient temperature at around 35°C. At the end of the composting, the pile turned to darker black colour, and has inert earthy odour. The result showed that the compost produced using the pineapple leaves with the cow dung has 2.86% nitrogen content, 0.93% ash content, and 33.47 moisture level. These values are significantly lower in comparison to the commercial organic compost. The study signified the potential of the pineapple leaves to be developed into compost to improve the soil condition. Nevertheless, the method and its composition need to be expanded in order to improve its elements availabilities suitable as organic compost.
Estimation of consumer’s willingness to pay for biodegradable food container in Kota Bharu, Kelantan
Authors: Shean C W , Abas M A , Hambali K A , Abdul Karim M F , Ismail L , Hassin N H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rapid rising population and regional urbanisation in Malaysia has led to rising demand and a more convenient disposable way of non-biodegradable food containers. The amount of mismanaged plastic waste in Malaysia keep increasing every year. This study is conducted to identify the consumers’ willingness to pay for biodegradable food containers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. This study employed a simple random sampling method, and 270 respondents have participated in a face-to-face interview technique. The Contingent Valuation Method was used to estimate the consumers’ willingness to pay for biodegradable food container products. The study has found that the three factors, age, marital status, and monthly household income, influence their willingness to pay for biodegradable food containers. The result indicates that the consumers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, are willing to pay RM0.78 for every biodegradable food container, which is 28 cents more than the current rate. The finding can become a guide or tool for improving biodegradable food containers and reducing non-biodegradable food containers’ usage to create a better living environment.
Willingness to carbon offset: value of malaysian air travellers’ experience, general and specific environmental knowledge
Authors: Shaari N F , Abdul Samad A R , Mohammad Afandi S H , Mohamad A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Greenhouse gas emissions from the aviation sector contribute significantly to global warming. Air transportation contributed 4% to 9% of total CO2 emissions in Malaysia. Several approach have been done by aviation industries in Malaysia to reduce carbon emissions from airlines, but still unsuccessful to implement carbon offset program. This study investigated experience, understanding of carbon offsets and the information passengers have concerning environmental issues and the ability to evaluate and understand impact on society and the environment among Malaysian airlines passengers. A descriptive statistics is reported as data collected from 407 Malaysian airlines passengers. The result shows only 1.5% of passengers experienced bought carbon offset schemes in past flight, more than 83% are knowledgeable with environment knowledge and more than 75.7% enlightened with understanding of carbon offsets. The finding obtained will help in providing insightful understanding about Malaysian airlines passengers’ acceptance on carbon offsets and willingness to contribute with carbon offsetting.
The contribution of forests on food security and rural poverty: A current status in Johor
Authors: Abdullah M , Mohd Parid M , Faten Naseha T H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the issue between forest resources, food security and rural poverty has emerged and globally become a fundamental problem. Forests provide food, fodder and fuel, and somehow the forest goods and services itself provide a means of earning income, especially in rural communities. In understanding the contribution of forests to food security, it is essential to look at the current socioeconomic status of the rural communities especially forest-dependent communities and determine the linkages between them. Therefore, a 2020 study was conducted to analyse the contribution of forests and its related activities to food security and rural poverty within rural households including indigenous people. The study employed rapid rural appraisal and socioeconomic survey on the rural households live within and the adjacent of forest specifically Permanent Reserved Forest. Generally, this study was conducted throughout Peninsular Malaysia. However, this paper only focuses on the state of Johor as an example for this study. A case study in Johor found that forests and its resources provided significant contribution on food security and rural poverty. Where, it contributes up to 21.5% of monthly cash income of rural communities and if there is no income generated from the forests the poverty incidence of these communities will increase up to 13.7% from current incidence.
Vernacular Architecture: Typology, Heritage, and Cultural Tourism
Authors: Palupi Safira , Hardiilla Dini , Nugroho Agung Cahyo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Vernacular architecture as a part of cultural heritage and could be one of cultural tourism has own social environment characteristics that indirectly affects the shape of building typology, including Wana Village. Wana is a traditional village, which is asset belonging to the Melinting tribe, one of the oldest tribes in Lampung and a part of the cultural tourism destinations in East Lampung. There are several factors that influence the typology of buildings in Wana Village including the varied transformation of multi-ethnic communities-Palembang, Lampung and Banten; politics, economy and culture. However, in recent years vernacular architecture in Wana has been forgotten by local community. Because the number of vernacular buildings left in this village is reduced, we intend to study the building typology, as an effort to re-interpret the cultural heritage, which can later be earmarked as a cultural tourism destination. With present paper we aim to collect typology data, asset values and the development of vernacular architecture in Wana through digital photography and making techniques and schematic maps.
Souw Beng Kong’s Tomb: Transformation of a Green Chinese Cemetery Area to a Present Dense Area
Authors: Raksaperdana Ikrar , Kurniawan Kemas Ridwan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In 1644, Souw Beng Kong lay on his final rest, in a burial site on the middle of a coconut plantation site in Mangga Dua. A portrait of a green cemetery area in the heart of Batavia, which cannot be found anymore. Despite the preservation act, Souw Beng Kong’s tomb is now located in a very narrow space amid the overcrowded area. This paper seeks to explore the Souw Beng Kong’s Tomb historical value, which categorized as one of Jakarta’s urban heritage, in an aim to generate more understanding of a place, mainly the green cemetery site on the past and to trace the change of place, with a main question on how was the transformation of place occurred on the site of Souw Beng Kong’s Tomb? How the site was treated on each era (colonial and post-colonial)? What was the socio-political occurrence that triggers the contrasting change of the place? In processing data, beside using the content analysis method, the interpretation will be processed using Fumihiko Maki (2018) approach on reading the urban morphological changes that includes observation on morphological and microtopography, community culture, and site-specific basic principles.
Impact of Urban Density on the Outdoor Thermal Comfort Case Study: Yogyakarta Tugu Station Area, TOD Based Planning
Authors: Widiyannita Efrita Nur , Hariyadi Agus , Syafii Nedyomukti Imam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
TOD neighborhood actually experiences a significantly higher UHI increase compared to the non-TOD area. One of the factors that affects is high density where it has an impact on the outdoor thermal discomfort. Yogyakarta Tugu Station area which has outdoor thermal discomfort will be planned to be a TOD neighborhood. An increase in density according to the TOD principle will allow the thermal comfort condition to decrease. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal urban density value for the outdoor thermal comfort.
This research method uses simulation with Envi MET 3.1 software that aims to test the effect of urban density with variables such as BCR, FAR, and urban morphology on climatic factors (air temperature Ta, mean radiation temperature Tmrt, relative humidity RH). A parametric study was conducted on interactions between urban density and microclimate.
The results of this study will find the optimal value of each building density variable that increases the value of outdoor thermal comfort. These values can be used by the Yogyakarta City Government as a reference for the development of TOD in the Yogyakarta Tugu Station area.
Place attachment in the context of displacement and Rusunawa in Jakarta
Authors: Afriyanti Risma , Prakoso Susinety , Srinaga Felia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses an issue related to place attachment in the context of public housing and displacement. It takes the case studies of Rusunawa in Jakarta, a rent-based vertical public housing built by the government. The residents are predominantly low-income people who were evicted from urban slums and were relocated to Rusunawa. Although relocation was intended to improve the quality of the resident’s living environment, however, there are still less well explored on how displacement may complicate the residents’ attachment to Rusunawa. This study developed a survey to measure functional attachment and emotional attachment using 32 scale items. The survey was tested on a random sample of residents from Rusunawa Pulogebang (n=40) and Rusunawa Marunda (n=40). The preliminary results indicated that Rusunawa Marunda displayed a higher level of place attachment than Rusunawa Pulogebang. This study found that physical and environmental features of Rusunawa Marunda, such as gardens, cleanliness and upkeep environment, and social greetings ‘Salam MarHa Mas’ are among the physical-environmental and social predictors that contribute to the higher level of place attachment. This study may have implications that the understanding of place attachments theory should be more reflective into the future planning and design of Rusunawa.
A review of energy use in a sustainable city model
Authors: Amelia Nadia Nur , Kusumawanto Arif 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Energy has an important role in human life so it must be considered in its use. Its use is found in all sectors, namely transportation, industry and buildings. If energy usage is uncontrolled, the main problem that occurs is global warming which will damage the environment. Therefore, development planning in all sectors applies the concept of sustainable energy efficiency, especially for buildings and urban development. The efficient use of energy can minimize environmental damage and improve prosperity so that the results obtained in an environment are maximized. The Urban Modelling Interface is used as a simulation tool to find out energy use from the environment and cities. This paper provides not only a review of the literature on energy operations in sustainable development through the use of systems of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning but also an evaluation related to factors that influence energy use and its standards in Indonesia. This research is expected to make a contribution related to the use of energy in city development.
Urban River Landscape Factors Impact On Urban Microclimate In Tropical Region
Authors: Febrita Yuswinda , Ekasiwi Sri Nastiti N. , Antaryama Gusti Ngurah I. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Urban rivers are used by architects and urban planners to control urban temperatures. Body of water is an important factor to lower the temperature in the Urban Heat Island in the tropics. Previous researches have shown that temperature near a body of water 1 to 2 ° C lower than the surrounding area during the day. Water bodies also have to ventilation cooling by wind flow. Evaporation from a body of water helps in lowering temperature, but contributes to humidity. In this case, the study aims to determine the influence of each factor of urban river landscape of the urban microclimate through literature review. The results showed that the presence of the composition and configuration of urban river landscapes (orientation of the region, building placement patterns, vegetation placement patterns, and the ratio of building height to street width (H/W) have an effect on the displacement of the cooling effect from urban rivers to the surrounding area. Design considerations Urban river landscapes are needed to maximize the benefits of river cooling.
Shallow-Water Bathymetry Estimation at Pantai Tok Jembal, Terengganu, Malaysia Using Landsat 8 (OLI)
Authors: Hashim Nur Syahirah , Windupranata Wiwin , Tahar Khairul Nizam , Sulaiman Saiful Aman Hj. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) emerging as a cost-effective that provides high-resolution mapping over a wide area. This method can map shallow water environment, especially that are difficult to access by boat or airplane. SDB is not for replacing the conventional bathymetry method but to assist. The accuracy of SDB does not meet current International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) S-44 standards but still can use when planning hydrographic surveying, i.e., unsurvey areas or areas with old data. In this paper, the SDB method applies to produces bathymetric mapping at Pantai Tok Jembal, Terengganu, Malaysia. Derived from Landsat 8 images and for the bathymetry method use is an empirical-based method, Log-ratio Transform. To diversify the result, utilizing three atmospheric correction approaches: No. atmospheric correction, Dark Object Subtraction (DOS), and Fast Line-of-sight Atmospheric Analysis of Hypercubes (FLAASH). The SDB result then evaluates using Single Beam Echo Sounding (SBES) ground truth data. The result indicates that Log-ratio Transform with DOS atmospheric correction produces the best result based on the error analysis. The error mostly occurs when there is no data available in the particular area due to cloud cover and shallow water area, i.e., inaccessible boat or vessel area. The error also occurs as it goes deeper area where the light is limited. In conclusion, this study successfully produces bathymetric mapping at Pantai Tok Jembal, Terengganu, Malaysia, through the SDB technique. This method strengthens the SBES data by effectively filling the data gaps; however, further research needs to fulfill this support in giving high accuracy and reliability.
Surface and Subsurface Utility Database and Mapping: UiTM Shah Alam
Authors: Hamzah Nurul Amalina , Nisa Othman Ainon , Khalid Nafisah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rapid urbanization needs detail planning to optimize the land use to provide facilities to people. As urban growth, the use of land is shifting from the use available space above ground (surface) to the use of underground (subsurface) spaces. Many have not realized the significance of subsurface utility mapping which is vital as reference before starting any excavation work. Incomplete information about the location of the buried subsurface utilities may cause unwanted incidence to happen and make it difficult for upgrades and maintenance works to be done. In order to provide readily, reliable and up-to-date utility data it is necessary to have a centralized database that combines all utility data. Therefore this study is conducted to propose a utility database to Facility Management of UiTM Shah Alam in storing, maintaining, monitoring, updating and easy to retrieved surface and subsurface utility data that installed inside UiTM Shah Alam area. Data used in this study focuses on Electrical, Telecommunication and Water Supply utility which was obtained from Facility Management of UiTM Shah Alam in form of a digital utility mapping plan separately. As the final product of this study is a database that will have various advantages in future use, SaS Utility Database has been developed based on Underground Utility Mapping Circular prepared by JUPEM and has been applied MS1759 standard attribute for each data to allow data sharing effectiveness in between organizations. Apart from that, to ensure the data stored in the database is at its best, topology analysis has been run by sets 3 types of rules for each utility category to detect any error that may occurs during digitizing or conversion stage. The findings of this study is with the SaS Utility Database, all utility data stored in a database can be secure, manipulate and converted in various formats depending on its purpose in order to create new information or knowledge as well it will enhance the work process in the future in terms of data sharing with other organization.