bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute and long-term grief reactions and experiences in parentally cancer-bereaved teenagers
Authors: Bylund-Grenklo Tove , Birgisdóttir Dröfn , Beernaert Kim , Nyberg Tommy , Skokic Viktor , Kristensson Jimmie , Steineck Gunnar , Fürst Carl Johan , Kreicbergs Ulrika 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous research shows that many cancer-bereaved youths report unresolved grief several years after the death of a parent. Grief work hypothesis suggests that, in order to heal, the bereaved needs to process the pain of grief in some way. This study explored acute grief experiences and reactions in the first 6 months post-loss among cancer-bereaved teenagers. We further explored long-term grief resolution and potential predictors of having had “an okay way to grieve” in the first months post-loss.

Methods
We used a population-based nationwide, study-specific survey to investigate acute and long-term grief experiences in 622 (73% response rate) bereaved young adults (age > 18) who, 6–9 years earlier, at ages 13–16 years, had lost a parent to cancer. Associations were assessed using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Fifty-seven per cent of the participants reported that they did not have a way to grieve that felt okay during the first 6 months after the death of their parent. This was associated with increased risk for long-term unresolved grief (odds ratio (OR): 4.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.99–6.28). An association with long-term unresolved grief was also found for those who reported to have been numbing and postponing (42%, OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.22–2.47), overwhelmed by grief (24%, OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.35–3.04) and discouraged from grieving (15%, OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.62–4.56) or to have concealed their grief to protect the other parent (24%, OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23–2.73). Predictors of having had an okay way to grieve included being male, having had good family cohesion, and having talked about what was important with the dying parent.

Conclusion
More than half of the cancer-bereaved teenagers did not find a way to grieve that felt okay during the first 6 months after the death of their parent and the acute grief experiences and reaction were associated with their grief resolution long-term, i.e. 6–9 years post-loss. Facilitating a last conversation with their dying parent, good family cohesion, and providing teenagers with knowledge about common grief experiences may help to prevent long-term unresolved grief.
Annual dementia incidence and monetary burden attributable to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in Sweden
Authors: Kriit Hedi Katre , Forsberg Bertil , Åström Daniel Oudin , Oudin Anna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias currently represent the fifth most common cause of death in the world, according to the World Health Organization, with a projected future increase as the proportion of the elderly in the population is growing. Air pollution has emerged as a plausible risk factor for AD, but studies estimating dementia cases attributable to exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution and resulting monetary estimates are lacking.

Methods
We used data on average population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 for the entire population of Sweden above 30 years of age. To estimate the annual number of dementia cases attributable to air pollution in the Swedish population above 60 years of age, we used the latest concentration response functions (CRF) between PM2.5 exposure and dementia incidence, based on ten longitudinal cohort studies, for the population above 60 years of age. To estimate the monetary burden of attributable cases, we calculated total costs related to dementia, including direct and indirect lifetime costs and intangible costs by including quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost. Two different monetary valuations of QALYs in Sweden were used to estimate the monetary value of reduced quality-of-life from two different payer perspectives.

Results
The annual number of dementia cases attributable to PM2.5 exposure was estimated to be 820, which represents 5% of the annual dementia cases in Sweden. Direct and indirect lifetime average cost per dementia case was estimated to correspond € 213,000. A reduction of PM2.5 by 1 μg/m3 was estimated to yield 101 fewer cases of dementia incidences annually, resulting in an estimated monetary benefit ranging up to 0.01% of the Swedish GDP in 2019.

Conclusion
This study estimated that 5% of annual dementia cases could be attributed to PM2.5 exposure, and that the resulting monetary burden is substantial. These findings suggest the need to consider airborne toxic pollutants associated with dementia incidence in public health policy decisions.
Investigation into antibacterial and wound healing properties of platelets lysate against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections
Authors: Shariati Aref , Moradabadi Alireza , Ghaznavi-Rad Ehsanollah , Dadmanesh Maryam , Komijani Majid , Nojoomi Farshad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background and aim
Treatment of burn wound infections has become a global challenge due to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria; therefore, the development of new treatment options for the mentioned infections is essential. Platelets have drawn much attention for this purpose because they are a safe and cost-effective source of different antimicrobial peptides and growth factors. The present study evaluated antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of Platelet-derived Biomaterial (PdB) against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections.

Methods
PdB was prepared through the freezing and thawing process and then, in vitro antibacterial effect was determined by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Afterward, burn wound was inflicted on 56 rats, infected with both bacteria, and topical administration was performed to evaluate antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of PdB.

Results
In vitro results showed that PdB inhibited the growth of A. baumannii in the highest dose (0.5), while we did not detect any inhibitory effects against K. pneumoniae. By contrast, PdB significantly inhibited the growth of bacteria in treated animal wounds compared to the control groups (P value < 0.05). Macroscopic assessments pointed to the significant enhancement of wound closure in the treated animals. In addition, histopathological examination demonstrated that treatment of rats with PdB led to a considerable increase in re-epithelialization and attenuated the formation of granulation tissue (P value < 0.05).

Conclusion
The use of topical PdB is an attractive strategy for treating A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae burn wound infections because it inhibits bacterial growth and promotes wound healing properties.
diffBUM-HMM: a robust statistical modeling approach for detecting RNA flexibility changes in high-throughput structure probing data
Authors: Marangio Paolo , Law Ka Ying Toby , Sanguinetti Guido , Granneman Sander 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAdvancing RNA structural probing techniques with next-generation sequencing has generated demands for complementary computational tools to robustly extract RNA structural information amidst sampling noise and variability. We present diffBUM-HMM, a noise-aware model that enables accurate detection of RNA flexibility and conformational changes from high-throughput RNA structure-probing data. diffBUM-HMM is widely compatible, accounting for sampling variation and sequence coverage biases, and displays higher sensitivity than existing methods while robust against false positives. Our analyses of datasets generated with a variety of RNA probing chemistries demonstrate the value of diffBUM-HMM for quantitatively detecting RNA structural changes and RNA-binding protein binding sites.
Effects of on-line hemodiafiltration regimens and dialysate composition on serum concentrations of magnesium and calcium ions
Authors: Tanaka Yusaku , Shima Hisato , Hatonari Ryosuke , Okada Daisuke , Michiwaki Hiroyuki , Wariishi Seiichiro , Tao Tomohiro , Minakuchi Jun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Low-ionized magnesium and high-ionized calcium levels are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing dialysis. We examined the effects of the dilution method, substitution volume, and dialysate of on-line hemodiafiltration on the total and ionized magnesium and calcium levels.

Methods
Eighteen patients were randomly assigned to three dialysate groups: two acetic acid dialysate groups and one citrate dialysate group. Five treatment conditions were applied: pre-diluted on-line hemodiafiltration, post-diluted on-line hemodiafiltration, and hemodialysis.

Results
The total and ionized serum levels of magnesium and calcium were evaluated and found to be unaffected by the dilution methods and substitution volumes. The albumin leakage was approximately 3 g/session under the pre-dilution and hemodiafiltration conditions, and approximately 4–5 g/session under the post-dilution condition. The ionized magnesium concentration decreased in the citrate dialysate group.

Conclusion
The on-line hemodiafiltration parameters had a negligible effect on ionized magnesium and calcium; however, the use of citrate dialysate decreased the ionized magnesium levels, probably because of chelation.

Trial registration
000028172. The study was registered on July 11 2017.
Rate and Predictors of 30-day Readmission Following Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A US Analysis
Authors: Shaka Hafeez , Aguilera Maria , Aucar Maria , El-Amir Zain , Wani Farah , Muojieje Chukwudi Charles , Kichloo Asim 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Context
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious endocrine emergency, associated with morbidity and mortality. Readmissions play a significant but sometimes preventable role in healthcare cost burden on the US.

Objective
This study aimed to describe rates and characteristics of nonelective 30-day readmission among adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) hospitalized for DKA and also identify predictors of readmission.

Methods
The study analyzed the 2018 Nationwide Readmission Database. DKA hospitalizations in patients with T1DM were classified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. We utilized chi-squared tests to compare baseline characteristics between readmissions and index hospitalizations. Multivariable Cox regression was employed to identify independent predictors of readmission. Following this, we developed a 30-day readmission risk scoring system based on independent predictors.

Results
The 30-day all-cause readmission rate for DKA was 19.4%. A majority of patients (64.8%) had DKA as the principal diagnosis on readmission. Readmitted patients had a significantly higher mean age (35.3 vs 34.9 years, P = .018) and a higher proportion of females (52.8 vs 49.6%, P &lt; .001) than the index admission. Readmission following DKA was associated with higher odds of inpatient mortality (0.69 vs 0.24%, OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.99-4.06, P &lt; .001). Independent predictors of 30-day all-cause readmission included female sex, index hospitalizations with Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of 3 or greater, and being discharged against medical advice (AMA).

Conclusion
The readmission rate for DKA in T1DM patients is high, and most patients have DKA as the principal diagnosis on readmission. A CCI equal to or greater than 3, hypertension, female sex, and being discharged AMA were significant predictors of readmission.
Arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA): An algorithm for estimating constitutional lower limb alignment in the arthritic patient population
Authors: Griffiths-Jones William , Chen Darren B. , Harris Ian A. , Bellemans Johan , MacDessi Samuel J. 
Published: May 2021

Aims Once knee arthritis and deformity have occurred, it is currently not known how to determine a patient’s constitutional (pre-arthritic) limb alignment. The purpose of this study was to describe and validate the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle (aHKA) algorithm as a straightforward method for preoperative planning and intraoperative restoration of the constitutional limb alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A comparative cross-sectional, radiological study was undertaken of 500 normal knees and 500 arthritic knees undergoing TKA. By definition, the aHKA algorithm subtracts the lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) from the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA). The mechanical HKA (mHKA) of the normal group was compared to the mHKA of the arthritic group to examine the difference, specifically related to deformity in the latter. The mHKA and aHKA were then compared in the normal group to assess for differences related to joint line convergence. Lastly, the aHKA of both the normal and arthritic groups were compared to test the hypothesis that the aHKA can estimate the constitutional alignment of the limb by sharing a similar centrality and distribution with the normal population. Results There was a significant difference in means and distributions of the mHKA of the normal group compared to the arthritic group (mean -1.33° (SD 2.34°) vs mean -2.88° (SD 7.39°) respectively; p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between normal and arthritic groups using the aHKA (mean -0.87° (SD 2.54°) vs mean -0.77° (SD 2.84°) respectively; p = 0.550). There was no significant difference in the MPTA and LDFA between the normal and arthritic groups. Conclusion The arithmetic HKA effectively estimated the constitutional alignment of the lower limb after the onset of arthritis in this cross-sectional population-based analysis. This finding is of significant importance to surgeons aiming to restore the constitutional alignment of the lower limb during TKA. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(5):351–358.
Доверие как мост над пропастью неуверенности между властью и обществом
Authors: Ильичева Людмила Ефимовна , Кондрашов Андрей Олегович , Лапин Андрей Викторович 
Published: May 2021

В сложившихся условиях повышенных социальных рисков, связанных с негативными правовыми, духовными и морально-этическими последствиями перехода в новый цифровой технологический уклад, актуализация проблемы доверия населения к власти вызвана растущим разрывом между социально-экономическими и политическими ожиданиями людей и выполнением властью своих обещаний. В этих обстоятельствах доверие к проводимой государством политике становится ключевым фактором, способным придать гражданам уверенность в будущем, повысить их личную ответственность и эффективность их деятельности. Доверие детерминировано общей мировоззренческой позицией власти, бизнеса и гражданского общества по основным приоритетам и важнейшим направлениям развития, закрепляемым в соответствующем общественном договоре. В таком обществе участники могут ассоциировать себя с конструктом «мы-группа», означающим взаимное доверие и учет интересов других в соответствии с духом солидарности. Анализ предпосылок и вероятных путей достижения состояния «мы-группа», предпринятый в статье, показывает принципиальную возможность управления доверием населения к власти путем согласования интересов основных акторов.
Благодарность. Статья написана при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, грант №20-011-31357 «Технологии управления доверием к власти, упреждения угроз и вызовов региональной социально-политической стабильности».
Глобальное информационное онлайн-пространство в 2020 г.: динамические характеристики
Authors: Шариков Александр Вячеславович 
Published: May 2021

Статья описывает результаты исследования, цель которого – выявить динамические характеристики глобального информационного онлайн-пространства в 2020 г. Данное условное пространство рассматривается в языковых и тематических границах, предоставляемых системой FACTIVA, специализирующейся на мониторинге информации политического, экономического и социального характера с использованием ресурсной базы из более чем 30 тыс. онлайн-источников (крупнейшие мировые СМИ, информационные агентства и др.) на 25 языках, которые, по состоянию на 3 марта 2021 г., репрезентировали 91,7% контента интернета.
Подтверждена тенденция расширения интернета, проявившаяся также в увеличении количества материалов, составляющих ресурсную базу системы FACTIVA. Обнаружена недельная цикличность производства новых материалов, которая объясняется чередованием будних и выходных дней. Выявлена привязка к традициям различных стран в организации выходных дней в зависимости от преобладания типа культуры (христианской, мусульманской и пр.). В странах христианской традиции минимум новых публикаций наблюдается по воскресеньям, в мусульманских странах — по пятницам. Пик количества материалов в глобальном масштабе приходится на четверг. В научный обиход введены два новых динамических концепта, описывающих изменчивость появления онлайн-материалов. Первый — «глобальный медиавсплеск», описывающий существенный рост количества продуцируемых материалов в течение нескольких дней по сравнению с аналогичными днями предыдущей недели. Второй — «глобальный медиашторм», проявляется в сравнении с предыдущим месяцем. Сильными предложено считать глобальные медиавсплески и медиаштормы, при которых количество материалов увеличивается минимум на 15%.
Глобальный медиашторм не всегда связан с краткосрочными сенсационными материалами. Так, глобальный медиавсплеск, переросший в медиашторм, был зафиксирован в связи с убийством иранского генерала Касема Сулеймани и последующими событиями. А мощнейший глобальный медиашторм, при котором сильных глобальных медиавсплесков не наблюдалось, обусловлен пандемией COVID-19.
Благодарность. Работа выполнена на факультете коммуникаций, медиа и дизайна в рамках научно-исследовательского проекта «Трансформация картины мира в глобальном информационном онлайн-пространстве под влиянием пандемии COVID-19».
Probabilistic model-based fault diagnosis for the cavities of the European XFEL
Authors: Nawaz Ayla , Herzog né Hoffmann Christian , Graßhoff Jan , Pfeiffer Sven , Lichtenberg Gerwald , Rostalski Philipp 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is a complex system with many interconnected components and sensor measurements. We use factor graphs to systematically design a probabilistic fault diagnosis method for its cavity system. This approach is expandable to further subsystems and considers uncertainties from measurements and modeling. After representing a model of the cavity system in the factor graph framework, we infer marginal distributions, e. g., of the fault classes using tabulated message-passing definitions. The emerging fault diagnosis method consists of an unscented Kalman filter-based residual generator and an evaluation of the residuals using a Gaussian mixture model. We include message-passing definitions for the training of the Gaussian Mixture Model from noisy data using the expectation-maximization algorithm.
Konzept und Anwendung Autonomer Industrie 4.0-Komponenten auf Basis Agenten-basierter Ansätze
Authors: Wein Stephan , Dassen Yannick , Pallasch Christoph , Miny Torben , Storms Simon , Brecher Christian 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Entwicklung dezentraler Produktionssysteme und -netzwerke stellt die Produktionstechnik vor neue Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Beherrschung der Komplexität und Realisierung einer durchgängigen Verfügbarkeit einzelner Akteure. Neben den klassischen Ansätzen der Steuerungstechnik, wie Leitsystemen, werden zunehmend auch autonome Steuerungssysteme eingesetzt, die zur Reduktion der Komplexität und Befähigung dezentraler Prozesse beitragen. Im Rahmen der Initiative Industrie 4.0 werden daher Ansätze untersucht, die digitale Abbilder mittels Verwaltungsschalen zur autonomen Entscheidungsfindung und selbstständigen Koordination befähigen. Der vorgeschlagene Ansatz kombiniert Verwaltungsschalen und Agentenarchitekturen mit dem Ziel der Erstellung autonomer Industrie 4.0-Komponenten. Das vorgestellte Konzept wird anhand typischer Anwendungsbeispiele aus der drahtlosen Gerätekommunikation in der industriellen Automatisierung und der Forstwirtschaft demonstriert. Während in der Forstwirtschaft die Dezentralität der Prozesse und Akteure, die Komplexität der Interaktionen sowie fehlende Vernetzung diese vor besondere Herausforderungen bei der Realisierung einer digitale Produktionsinfrastruktur stellt, müssen bei der Nutzung funkbasierter Kommunikation in der industriellen Automatisierung Funkressourcen, Geräteverbunde und Prozessabläufe aufeinander abgestimmt werden.
Creating confidence in chemistry among students using ‘unboiling’ versus ‘unfrying’ of an egg: seasoning a food-science workshop with inquisitiveness, experimentation and research-dependent applications
Authors: Ghose Aditi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The announcement of the rare feat of ‘unboiling an egg’ in 2015 by biochemists from University of California, Irvine and Australia was more than just a chemistry demonstration. Pulling apart tangled proteins and allowing them to refold, the new technique not only prevented ‘misfolding’, thus also eliminating the chances for formation of useless products, but also speeded up the process by a factor of thousands. This technology promised transforming industrial and research production of proteins – affecting cheese flavouring and cancer treatment alike. A survey of 50 odd students in 2020, willing to enroll for an online Food-Science Workshop revealed, 72% did not believe that such an act like ‘unboiling an egg’ was possible, leave alone its being prevalent and essential. Delving into the nuances of this ‘egg-unboiling’ technology whilst contrasting it with ‘egg-unfrying’, our Workshop Incredible Edibles introduced sustainable-science in the guise of food-science. It is how lysozyme, urea, along with Maillard reaction, amino acids and sugars came together in the discussions that determined the gentle transition of these non-believers to hard-core fanatics of chemistry −76% participants admitted to having “discovered a whole new way to look at food” in the post-session survey. This article shall elucidate these results.
Structural, electronic, magnetic and mechanical properties of the full-Heusler compounds Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) and Mn2NiGe
Authors: Asli Naima , Dahmane Fethallah , Mokhtari Mohamed , Zouaneb Chahrazed , Batouche Mohammed , Khachai Houari , Srivastava Vipul , Naqib S. H. , Al-Douri Y. , Bouhemadou Abdelmadjid , Khenata Rabah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mn-Ni based full-Heusler alloys belong to novel half-metallic compounds with a promising set of physical properties for applications as functional materials. Based on first principles calculations, the electronic structures, the magnetic and mechanical properties of Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) and Mn2NiGe full-Heusler alloys have been investigated in detail. The results revealed that the Mn2NiGe with Hg2CuTi type structure is more stable; on the other hand, for Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn), the Cu2MnAl type structure is more stable. The Mn2NiGe alloys are found to be half-metallic with an integer value of total magnetic moment of 4 μB which makes them interesting materials in the field of spintronics. The Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) alloys exhibit metallic character in both Hg2CuTi and Cu2MnAl type structures. The calculated B/G ratios for all the considered compounds Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) and Mn2NiGe are greater than 1.75; therefore, these alloys are ductile, and the calculated Cauchy’s pressure is positive, which also classified these compounds as ductile materials.