bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using an Online Disturbance Rejection and Anticipation System to Reduce Hyperglycemia in a Fully Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas System
Authors: Corbett John P. , Garcia-Tirado Jose , Colmegna Patricio , Diaz Castaneda Jenny L. , Breton Marc D. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Hyperglycemia following meals is a recurring challenge for people with type 1 diabetes, and even the most advanced available automated systems currently require manual input of carbohydrate amounts. To progress toward fully automated systems, we present a novel control system that can automatically deliver priming boluses and/or anticipate eating behaviors to improve postprandial full closed-loop control. Methods: A model predictive control (MPC) system was enhanced by an automated bolus system reacting to early glucose rise and/or a multistage MPC (MS-MPC) framework to anticipate historical patterns. Priming was achieved by detecting large glycemic disturbances, such as meals, and delivering a fraction of the patient’s total daily insulin (TDI) modulated by the disturbance’s likelihood (bolus priming system [BPS]). In the anticipatory module, glycemic disturbance profiles were generated from historical data using clustering to group days with similar behaviors; the probability of each cluster is then evaluated at every controller step and informs the MS-MPC framework to anticipate each profile. We tested four configurations: MPC, MPC + BPS, MS-MPC, and MS-MPC + BPS in simulation to contrast the effect of each controller module. Results: Postprandial time in range was highest for MS-MPC + BPS: 60.73 ± 25.39%, but improved with each module: MPC + BPS: 56.95±25.83 and MS-MPC: 54.83 ± 26.00%, compared with MPC: 51.79 ± 26.12%. Exposure to hypoglycemia was maintained for all controllers (time below 70 mg/dL <0.5%), and improvement came primarily from a reduction in postprandial time above range (MS-MPC + BPS: 39.10 ± 25.32%, MPC + BPS: 42.99 ± 25.81%, MS-MPC: 45.09 ± 25.96%, MPC: 48.18 ± 26.09%). Conclusions: The BPS and anticipatory disturbance profiles improved blood glucose control and were most efficient when combined.
Treating Full Depth Cartilage Defects with Intraosseous Infiltration of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors: An Experimental Study in Rabbits
Authors: Torres-Torrillas Marta , Damiá Elena , Cerón José J. , Carrillo José M. , Peláez Pau , Miguel Laura , Del Romero Ayla , Rubio Mónica , Sopena Joaquín J. 
Published: December 2021

Objective Intraarticular (IA) administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been proposed as a new strategy to halt osteoarthritis (OA) progression. In patients with severe OA, its potential is limited because it is unable to reach the subchondral bone, so a new strategy is needed, and intraosseous (IO) infiltration has been suggested. The purpose is to assess the impact of IA together with IO infiltration of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in serum hyaluronic acid (HA) and type II collagen cleavage neoepitope (C2C) levels. Design A total of 32 rabbits were included in the study and randomly divided into 2 groups: control and treatment. A 4-mm chondral defect was created in the medial femoral condyle and IA followed by IO infiltration were performed. Serum C2C and HA levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests before infiltration and 28, 56, and 84 days post-infiltration. Results Significant lower C2C serum levels were obtained in treatment group (IA + IO infiltration of PRGF) at 84 days post-infiltration than in control group (IA infiltration of PRGF + IO infiltration of saline solution), while no significant differences between groups were reported at any other study times. Regarding HA, at 56 days post-infiltration, greater significant levels were seen in the treatment group. However, at 84 days post-infiltration, no significant differences were obtained, although lower levels were reported in the treatment group. Conclusions Despite inconclusive, the results suggest that the combination of IA and IO infiltration with PRGF may enhance cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration, but further studies are needed.
IL4/IL4R signaling promotes the osteolysis in metastatic bone of CRC through regulating the proliferation of osteoclast precursors
Authors: Jin Qian , Yang He , Jing Zhao , Hong-hua Wu , Ben-jing Song , Li-ting Wang , Li-juan Ye , Wei Xu , Xia Kang , Juan Wu , Wei Zheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Bone metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) often indicates a poor prognosis. Osteolysis can be observed in metastatic sites, implying an aberrant activation of osteoclasts. However, how osteoclastogenesis is regulated in metastatic microenvironment caused by colorectal cancer is still unclear.

Methods
In this study, mice bone metastatic model of CRC was established through injection of MC-38 or CT-26 cells. BrdU assays showed primary CD115 ( +) osteoclast precursors (OCPs) proliferated at the first 2 weeks. Transcriptomic profiling was performed to identify differentially expressing genes and pathways in OCPs indirectly co-cultured with CRC cells

Results
The expression of IL4Rα was found to be significantly upregulated in OCPs stimulated by tumor conditioned medium (CM). Further investigation indicated that IL-4 signaling regulated proliferation of OPCs through interacting with type I IL4 receptor, and neutrophils were the main source of IL-4 in bone marrow. The proliferation of OCPs can be inhibited in IL4 deficiency mice. In addition, ERK pathway was activated by IL4/IL4R signaling. Ravoxertinib, an ERK antagonists, could significantly prevent bone destruction through inhibiting the proliferation of OCPs.

Conclusion
Our study indicates the essential role of IL4/IL4R signaling for the proliferation of OCPs in early metastasis of CRC predominantly through activating ERK pathway, which remarkedly impacts the number of osteoclasts in later stage and leads to osteolytic lesions. Moreover, Ravoxertinib could be a new therapeutical target for bone metastasis of CRC.
Effect of Machined Surface Integrity on Fatigue Performance of Metal Workpiece: A Review
Authors: Liu Guoliang , Huang Chuanzhen , Zhao Bin , Wang Wei , Sun Shufeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFatigue performance is a serious concern for mechanical components subject to cyclical stresses, particularly where safety is paramount. The fatigue performance of components relies closely on their surface integrity because the fatigue cracks generally initiate from free surfaces. This paper reviewed the published data, which addressed the effects of machined surface integrity on the fatigue performance of metal workpieces. Limitations in existing studies and the future directions in anti-fatigue manufacturing field were proposed. The remarkable surface topography (e.g., low roughness and few local defects and inclusions) and large compressive residual stress are beneficial to fatigue performance. However, the indicators that describe the effects of surface topography and residual stress accurately need further study and exploration. The effect of residual stress relaxation under cycle loadings needs to be precisely modeled precisely. The effect of work hardening on fatigue performance had two aspects. Work hardening could increase the material yield strength, thereby delaying crack nucleation. However, increased brittleness could accelerate crack propagation. Thus, finding the effective control mechanism and method of work hardening is urgently needed to enhance the fatigue performance of machined components. The machining-induced metallurgical structure changes, such as white layer, grain refinement, dislocation, and martensitic transformation affect the fatigue performance of a workpiece significantly. However, the unified and exact conclusion needs to be investigated deeply. Finally, different surface integrity factors had complicated reciprocal effects on fatigue performance. As such, studying the comprehensive influence of surface integrity further and establishing the reliable prediction model of workpiece fatigue performance are meaningful for improving reliability of components and reducing test cost.
Effects of Vibration Characteristics on the Atomization Performance in the Medical Piezoelectric Atomization Device Induced by Intra-Hole Fluctuation
Authors: Yan Qiufeng , Sun Wanting , Zhang Lei , Wang Hongmei , Zhang Jianhui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOral inhalation of aerosolized drugs has be widely applied in healing the affected body organs including lesions of the throat and lungs and it is more efficient than those conventional therapies, such as intravenous drip, intramuscular injection and external topical administration in the aspects of the dosage reduction and side effects of drugs. Nevertheless, the traditional atomization devices always exhibit many drawbacks. For example, non-uniformed atomization particle distribution, the instability of transient atomization quantity and difficulties in precise energy control would seriously restrict an extensive use of atomization inhalation therapy. In this study, the principle of intra-hole fluctuation phenomenon occurred in the hole is fully explained, and the produced volume change is also estimated. Additionally, the mathematical expression of the atomization rate of the atomizing device is well established. The mechanism of the micro-pump is further clarified, and the influence of the vibration characteristics of the atomizing film on the atomization behavior is analyzed theoretically. The curves of sweep frequency against the velocity and amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator are obtained by the Doppler laser vibrometer, and the corresponding mode shapes of the resonance point are achieved. The influence of vibration characteristics on atomization rate, atomization height and atomization particle size are also verified by experiments, respectively. Both the experimental results and theoretical calculation are expected to provide a guidance for the design of this kind of atomization device in the future.
Experimental Investigation of the Small-scale Fixed Multi-chamber OWC Device
Authors: Shalby Mohammad , Elhanafi Ahmed , Walker Paul , Dorrell David G. , Salah Ahmad , Gomaa Mohamed R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSea wave energy generators or converters (WECs) have the potential to become a viable technology for clean, renewable energy production. Among the WEC technologies, the oscillating water columns (OWCs) are the most common WEC devices studied. These have been studied and developed over many years. Multi-chamber oscillating water columns (MC-OWC) have the potential to have a higher energy conversion when extracting energy in mixed sea states than single-chamber devices. In the work reported in this paper, physical experiments are carried under regular wave conditions to test the wave power extraction of a fixed MC-OWC small-scale model. The Power Take-Off (PTO) of the device is simulated using orifice plates. The flow characteristics through these orifices are pre-calibrated such that the extracted power can be obtained only using the pressure measurement. Wave condition effects on the damping of the PTO of the device power extraction are addressed. The test results illustrate that the PTO system damping is critical and affects device performance.
Tribological Properties of Cylinder Block/Valve Plate Interface of Axial Piston Pump on the Tribometer
Authors: Huang Jiahai , Dou Zhenhua , Wang Zhenglei , Quan Long , Niu Linkai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe tribological properties of cylinder block/valve plate is an important consideration in the design of axial piston pump. The effect of materials and heat treatment on friction and wear properties has been studied in depth. Engineering experiences show that the speed and load also affect the tribological properties, but these have not been systematically analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the tribological properties of the commonly used materials (CuPb15Sn5 and 38CrMoAl/42CrMo) for cylinder block/valve plate with different heat treatment and contact pressure at different speed. During the test, tribometer is used to simulate the contact pattern between the valve plate/cylinder block in axial piston pump, the friction coefficient, wear rate and surface topography are analyzed to evaluate the tribological properties of different types of friction samples at different speed. Results indicate that: (1) contact surface of the samples at 1800 r/min is more prone to adhesive wear than those at 500 r/min; (2) in the terms of wear resistance, quench-tempered and nitrided 38CrMoAl (38CrMoAl QTN for short) is better than quench-tempered and nitrided 42CrMo, although they are all commonly used materials in the axial piston pump; (3) 2.5 MPa is the critical contact pressure of the interface between valve plate made of 38CrMoAl QTN and cylinder block made of CuPb15Sn5 on the tribometer, which implies the pressure bearing area at the bottom of the cylinder block should be carefully designed; (4) the valve plate/cylinder block made of 38CrMoAl QTN/CuPb15Sn5 exhibits good tribological properties in a real axial piston pump. This research is useful for the failure analysis and structural optimization design of the valve plates/cylinder block.
Optimum Seeking of Redundant Actuators for M-RCM 3-UPU Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Zhao Chen , Song Jingke , Chen Xuechan , Chen Ziming , Ding Huafeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe singularity problem brings troubles to the design and application for the parallel mechanism. Currently, redundant actuation is one of the useful methods to solve this singularity problem. However, faced to the numerous joints in a parallel mechanism, how to make a quantitative criterion of seeking the most efficient joints added actuators for letting the mechanism passes through singularity is a necessarily open issue. This paper focuses on a 2R1T 3-UPU (U for universal joint and P for prismatic joint) parallel mechanism (PM) with two rotational and one translational (2R1T) degrees of freedom (DOFs) and the ability of multiple remote centers of motion (M-RCM). The singularity analysis based on the indexes of motion/force transmissibility and constraint shows that this PM has transmission singularity, constraint singularity, mixed singularity and limb singularity. To solve these singular problems, the quantifiable redundancy transmission index (RTI) and the redundancy constraint index (RCI) are proposed for optimum seeking of redundant actuators for this PM. Then the appropriate redundant actuators are selected and the working scheme for redundant actuators near the corresponding singular configuration are given to help the PM passes through the singularity. This research proposes a quantitative criterion to optimum seeking of redundant actuators for the parallel mechanism to solve its singularity.
Simulation and Experimental Study on a New Successive Forming Process for Large Modulus Gears
Authors: Lin Yao , Wu Tao , Wang Guangchun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA successive tooth forming process for producing large modulus spur gears (m>2.5 mm) is firstly proposed in this paper to break the restrictions of large forming load and large equipment structure of traditional plastic forming. It contains the preforming stage and the finishing stage. In the first stage, the die with a single-tooth preforms gear teeth one by one through several passes. In the second stage, the other die with multi-teeth refines the preformed teeth into required shape. The influence of total pressing depth and feed distribution in preforming stage on final forming quality is analyzed by numerical simulation, and the reasonable process parameters are presented. Successive tooth forming experiments are carried out on the self-designed gear forming device to verify the optimal simulation results. Gears without fold defects are well formed both in simulations and experiments, proving the feasibility of this method. Compared with the whole die forging process, the new technology has advantages of smaller load and simpler tooling, which shows a good potential for manufacturing large modulus and large size spur gears.
Numerical Study on Effect of Non-uniform CMAS Penetration on TGO Growth and Interface Stress Behavior of APS TBCs
Authors: Cai Zhenwei , Zhang Zifan , Liu Yingzheng , Zhao Xiaofeng , Wang Weizhe 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe penetration of CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CMAS) is one of the most significant factors that induce the failure of air-plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings (APS TBCs). The direct penetration of CMAS changes the thermal/mechanical properties of the top coat (TC) layer, which affects the thermal mismatch stress behavior and the growth of thermally grown oxide (TGO) at the TC/bond coat (BC) interface, thereby resulting in a more complicated interface stress state. In the present study, a two-dimensional global model of APS TBCs with half of the TC layer penetrated by CMAS is established to investigate the effect of non-uniform CMAS penetration on the interface stress behavior. Subsequently, a local model extracted from the global model is established to investigate the effects of interface morphologies and CMAS penetration depth. The results show that non-uniform CMAS penetration causes non-uniform TGO growth in APS TBCs, which consequently causes the stress behavior to vary along the interface. Furthermore, the CMAS penetration depth imposes a significant effect on the TC/TGO interface stress behavior, whereas the interface roughness exerts a prominent effect on the stress level at the BC/TGO interface under CMAS penetration. This study reveals the mechanism associated with the effect of non-uniform CMAS penetration on the interface stress behavior in APS TBCSs.
Major sex differences in migraine prevalence among occupational categories: a cross-sectional study using UK Biobank
Authors: Affatato Oreste , Miguet Maud , Schiöth Helgi B. , Mwinyi Jessica 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Migraine represents one of the most prevalent neurological conditions worldwide. It is a disabling condition with high impact on the working situation of migraineurs. Interestingly, gender-related differences regarding an association of migraine with important occupational characteristics has been hardly studied.

Methods
The current study scrutinizes gender-specific differences in the prevalence of migraine across a broad spectrum of occupational categories, shedding also light on associations with important job-related features such as shift work, job satisfaction, and physical activity. The study included data from 415 712 participants from the UK Biobank cohort, using the official ICD10 diagnosis of migraine and other health conditions as selection criteria. Prevalence ratios of migraineurs compared to healthy controls among different occupational categories and job-related variables were estimated using log-binomial regression analyses. Statistical models were adjusted for important sociodemographic features such as age, BMI, ethnicity, education and neuroticism. To better highlight specific differences between men and women we stratified by sex.

Results
We detected a differential prevalence pattern of migraine in relation to different job categories between men and women. Especially in men, migraine appears to be more prevalent in highly physically demanding occupations (PR 1.38, 95% CI [0.93, 2.04]). Furthermore, migraine is also more prevalent in jobs that frequently involve shift or night shift work compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, this prevalence is especially high in women (shift work PR 1.45, 95% CI [1.14, 1.83], night shift work PR 1.46, 95% CI [0.93, 2.31]).

Conclusion
Our results show that migraine is genderdependently associated with physically demanding jobs and shift working.
Src family kinases activity is required for transmitting purinergic P2X7 receptor signaling in cortical spreading depression and neuroinflammation
Authors: Nie Lingdi , Ma Dongqing , Quinn John P. , Wang Minyan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPurinergic P2X7 receptor plays an important role in migraine pathophysiology. Yet precise molecular mechanism underlying P2X7R signaling in migraine remains unclear. This study explores the hypothesis that P2X7 receptor transmits signaling to Src family kinases (SFKs) during cortical spreading depression (CSD) and neuroinflammation after CSD.MethodsCSD was recorded using electrophysiology in rats and intrinsic optical imaging in mouse brain slices. Cortical IL-1β and TNFα mRNA levels were detected using qPCR. Glutamate release from mouse brain slices was detected using glutamate assay.ResultsThe data showed that deactivation of SFKs by systemic injection of PP2 reduced cortical susceptibility to CSD in rats and CSD-induced IL-1β and TNF-α gene expression in rat ipsilateral cortices. Consistently, in mouse brain slices, inhibition of SFKs activity by saracatinib and P2X7 receptor by A740003 similarly reduced cortical susceptibility to CSD. When the interaction of P2X7 receptor and SFKs was disrupted by TAT-P2X7, a marked reduction of cortical susceptibility to CSD, IL-1β gene expression and glutamate release after CSD induction were observed in mouse brain slices. The reduced cortical susceptibility to CSD by TAT-P2X7 was restored by NMDA, and disrupting the Fyn-NMDA interaction using TAT-Fyn (39-57) but not disrupting Src-NMDA receptor interaction using TAT-Src (40-49) reduced cortical susceptibility to CSD. Furthermore, activation of P2X7 receptor by BzATP restored the TAT-Fyn (39-57)-reduced cortical susceptibility to CSD.ConclusionThis study reveals that SFKs activity transmits P2X7 receptor signaling to facilitate CSD propagation via glutamatergic pathway and promote neuroinflammation, which is of particular relevance to migraine.
Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
Authors: Guillory Sylvia B. , Baskett Victoria Z. , Grosman Hannah E. , McLaughlin Christopher S. , Isenstein Emily L. , Wilkinson Emma , Weissman Jordana , Britvan Bari , Trelles M. Pilar , Halpern Danielle B. , Buxbaum Joseph D. , Siper Paige M. , Wang A. Ting , Kolevzon Alexander , Foss-Feig Jennifer H. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe current study used eye tracking to investigate attention and recognition memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, motor delays, and a high likelihood of comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social deficits represent a core feature of ASD, including decreased propensity to orient to or show preference for social stimuli.MethodsWe used a visual paired-comparison task with both social and non-social images, assessing looking behavior to a novel image versus a previously viewed familiar image to characterize social attention and recognition memory in PMS (n= 22), idiopathic ASD (iASD,n= 38), and typically developing (TD) controls (n= 26). The idiopathic ASD cohort was divided into subgroups with intellectual disabilities (ID; developmental quotient < 70) and without (developmental quotient > 70) and the PMS group into those with and without a co-morbid ASD diagnosis.ResultsOn measures of attention, the PMS group with a comorbid ASD diagnosis spent less time viewing the social images compared to non-social images; the rate of looking back and forth between images was lowest in the iASD with ID group. Furthermore, while all groups demonstrated intact recognition memory when novel non-social stimuli were initially presented (pre-switch), participants with PMS showed no preference during the post-switch memory presentation. In iASD, the group without ID, but not the group with ID, showed a novelty preference for social stimuli. Across indices, individuals with PMS and ASD performed more similarly to PMS without ASD and less similarly to the iASD group.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate further evidence of differences in attention and memory for social stimuli in ASD and provide contrasts between iASD and PMS.