bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fungi of the genus Curvularia sp. - new pathogens of turfgrass in Russia
Authors: Katushova Marina , Beloshapkina Olga , Tarakanov Rashit , Shipulin rey , Dzhalilov Fevzi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The research was carried out in 2019-2020 within the framework of a long-term study of the quality and phytosanitary state of sports turf in the southern region (Fisht Stadium in Sochi, Krasnodar Territory), at the Department of Plant Protection and Laboratory of Plant Protection of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Moscow). For the first time in Russia was found on the territory of Sochi (Fisht Stadium) the fungus Curvularia sp., which was identified by cultural and morphological characteristics using microbiological and microscopic methods. Specification of the species of the fungus was carried out according to the results of the molecular genetic method. The results of sequencing and subsequent comparison of the obtained nucleotide sequences with the NCBI and MycoBank databases made it possible to establish that a phytopathogenic fungus of the genus Curvularia, presumably C. geniculata, caused the damage of turfgrasses in Sochi.
The first record of genus Neocystis from Kamchatka volcano soils, confirmed by genetic data
Authors: Gaysina L A , Allaguvatova R Z , Eliáš M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two strains of green algae having kidney-like cells in mucilage envelope without pyrenoids were isolated during the floristic study on algae in volcanic soil samples collected in the vicinity of Mutnovsky volcano (Kamchatka peninsula, Russia). Based on morphology, the strains were assigned to the genus Neocystis. 18S rRNA gene sequence comparisons confirmed, that the new isolates are members of the Neocystis clade. Thus, the genus Neocystis was reported from Kamchatka for the first time. The newly isolated Neocystis strains have good potential for use in biotechnology as sours of extracellular polymeric substances.
Comparative productivity and productive longevity of perennial grasses in Moscow region
Authors: Glinushkin A , Kislov A , Kascheev A , Aysuvakova T , Kartabaeva B , Vecherov A 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe studies were conducted on the experimental field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology in 2016-2019 in two field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soils. The aim of the study was to identify the most promising perennial herbs for the organization of a green line in order to make more rational use of labor and technical resources. As the study showed that meadow alfalfa is superior in the first year, but from 2 years old, yellow-hybrid alfalfa comes out on top; timothy and especially fescue and wheatgrass reduced the yield. 2. On average, over 3 years, the highest yield of dry matter of feed units and metabolic energy in the harvest was provided by yellow hybrid alfalfa - 61 c/ha, 45 c/ha 58 gJ/ha and timothy grass, respectively 6 with an undoubted superiority of alfalfa in the yield of digestible protein - 8 against 2.96 c/ha of timothy grass. The disadvantage of alfalfa is the difficulty of seed production due to the long flowering period and cross-pollination, the seeds are formed in the lower part of the stem, and flowering continues.
Improving the forage production system in the Moscow region at the present stage
Authors: Glinushkin A , Kislov A , Kascheev A , Aysuvakova T , Kartabaeva B , Vecherov A 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe studies were conducted on the experimental field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology in 2016-2018 in two field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soils. The aim of the research was to select among the widest range of forage crops the most productive ones with high nutritional value and low cost for organizing green and raw materials conveyors in order to make more rational use of labor and technical resources. Among the annual crops and mixtures, the most productive for three years on average were sunflower, Sudan grass, white lupine and oats: the crop of fodder units was respectively: - 49.9; 50.9; 49.9 and 47.9 centners per hectare; mixtures with peas, they are inferior to single-species crops due to pea damage by powdery mildew and pea weevil, and white sunflower with lupine ensured an equal collection of feed units — 49.9 centners per hectare and the highest provision of digestible protein —127 g in 1 fodder unit. Of the perennial grasses yellow-hybrid alfalfa and timothy grass, which it is expedient to grow in mixed sowing to increase the productive longevity of herbs and reduce the cost of feed, proved to be the most promising.
Feed production on low-lying peat and developed soils of the North-East of the European part of Russia
Authors: Ulanov A N , Kovshova V N , Glubokovodskih A L , Smirnova A V , Kosolapova V G , Mokrushina O G , Ulanov N A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The results of long-term research on the use of drained lowland peat and developed soils in feed production in the North-East of the European part of Russia are presented. The main agroecological technologies for the production of high-quality feed in soil-protective crop rotations, long-term pastures on drained low-lying peat soils and methods for using developed peatlands in intensive haymaking mode are proposed.
Perennial forage grasses - the basis for greening agricultural production
Authors: Kosolapov V M , Kostenko S I , Tyurin Yu S , Shamsutdinova E Z , Piskovskii Yu M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The desire to get the maximum profit from each hectare in the shortest possible time is a common phenomenon in agriculture in many countries. Landowners try to grow the most commercially profitable varieties and crops, which leads to the emergence of monocultures, and as a result to the use of high doses of fertilizers, intensive tillage, and frequent use of pesticides and growth regulators. This land-use regime inevitably leads to a decrease in humus in the soil, to an increase in erosion processes, and to a decrease in agricultural returns. Application according to V. R. ‘s developments Williams, perennial grasses improves the structure of the soil, increases and preserves its fertility. When using feed based on legumes and grasses, as the most natural for most animals, their life expectancy increases, the quality of final products improves in terms of consumer indicators, and in terms of environmental safety. For the successful use of perennial grasses, it is necessary to select the species and varietal composition of these grasses depending on the region and soil and climatic conditions. In many cases, the necessary varieties of the necessary species do not yet exist and they need to be derived based on the use of methods of ecological selection and the creation of an effective system of scientific support aimed at obtaining the final product.
Creation of new varieties of comb-shaped wheat grass (Agropyron pectinatum (Bieb.) Beauv.) as a factor of increasing the efficiency of grass growing in arid conditions
Authors: Saprykin S V , Zolotarev V N , Ivanov I S , Ostrikova M G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Perennial grasses play the most important role in solving the problem of production of energy-saturated high-protein bulky feed and biologization of agriculture. Perennial grasses are the most affordable and stable source of cheap plant food and a means of preserving soil fertility with intensive farming, which has an anthropogenic negative impact on agroecosystems. Perennial grasses play a special role as a biological means of countering the degradation of biological, water-physical and agrochemical properties of soils, their dehumidification and erosion processes. In arid climates, the most effective species of perennial bluegrass is the comb-shaped Wheatgrass (Agropyron peintforme Roem et Schult.). Compared to two other species used in agricultural practice – Siberian (sand) granary (Agropyron fragile (Roth) P. Candargy) and desert (narrow-leaved) (Agropyron desertorum (Ksch. ex Link.) Schult), the comb-shaped wheat grass is characterized by a wider range of growth, high productivity and environmental plasticity. In the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in Russia as of 2020, only 10 varieties of comb-shaped wheat grass are registered, which limits the effective use of this crop and makes it necessary to intensify breeding work in order to create new varieties with improved economic and useful characteristics. At the Voronezh experimental station, active breeding work is being carried out on perennial grasses to develop new varieties of comb-shaped wheat grass. Currently set up and ready to transfer to a new variety of Pridonskoy, characterized by drought tolerance, high forage and seed productivity and longevity. Thus, when the washed-out slopes were grazed, the abundant participation of the granary in the grass mixture was noted in the third year. From the fifth year, the granary dominated the herbage, and in the 10th-12th year of use, the cenoses were represented only by the granary.
Agro-energy efficiency of using new zoned varieties to create cultivated pastures in the forest zone of the European part of Russia
Authors: Kutuzova A A , Provornaya E E , Sedova E G , Tsybenko N S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The agro-energy efficiency of using new varieties of creeping clover (Lugovik), meadow clover (Veteran) and alfalfa changeable (Agnia) in comparison with previously zoned varieties of these species (respectively – VIC 70, Tetraploid VIC and Pasture 88) is determined on the basis of the results on productivity and total anthropogenic costs obtained in the field experience based on the dry-fall type of pastures occupying 92% in the Central region of the European part of Russia. The assessment of agro-energy efficiency was determined according to the methods approved by the Russian Academy of agricultural Sciences. Taking into account a set of indicators (productivity of improved land for the production of exchange energy in GJ / ha and products produced in MJ per 1 GJ, reducing total anthropogenic costs in GJ/ha and increasing their payback), the high efficiency of new varieties is established and the principle of changing varieties in meadow forage production is scientifically justified. At the same time, the effectiveness of previously zoned varieties of leguminous grasses has also been confirmed, which allows increasing their seed production in the regions due to the high demand not only for field, but also for meadow grass.
Study of the reproductive toxicity of probiotic strains on laboratory animals
Authors: Skvortsov Evgeny , Mukhammadiev Rishat , Mukhammadiev Rinat , Valiullin Lenar , Rud Vasily , Glinushkin rew 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of probiotic preparations contained Bacillus subtilis 109 CFU / ml, Propionibacterium 107 CFU / ml, Lactobacillus plantarum 107 CFU / ml on the physiological state, reproductive functions and the mortality rate of white rats and their offspring. The results of the analysis of the reproductive toxicity of the suspension of strains of probiotics and producers of prebiotics showed that long-term oral administration of the studied doses did not lead to a decrease in the reproductive function of laboratory animals during the experimental period, corresponded to the norm and did not differ significantly from the indicators of the control group. Based on the results obtained, the investigated form of the probiotic can be classified as a drug of low toxicity for reproductive function and, in accordance with GOST 12.1.007-76, referred to the IV hazard class.
Estimation of the prospects of using agrobiotechnologies to increase yield and preservation of soils
Authors: Startsev V I , Glinushkin A P , Spiridonov Y Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article substantiates the possibility of creating agrobiocenoses with strategically important crops for the formation of a nutritional balance in the diet of the population of the Russian Federation without the use of chemically synthesized agrochemicals, in which the variety of the main elements of biologic technologies of cultivation of agricultural plants plays a key role. Progressive analysis of demand from the agro-industrial complex, indicators of the development of the agrobiotechnology market, consumer trends, and venture investments in biologic technologies allow us to conclude that the development and proposed approaches are promising, allowing to obtain high yields of agricultural crops while maintaining and increasing soil fertility, improving the phytosanitary state of fields.
Methods for reducing erosion on degraded pastures of slope lands of the RSO-Alania
Authors: Bekuzarova S A , Kozirev S G , Glinushkin A P , Yu Podkovyrov I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A wide variety of vegetation in mountain pastures is a valuable food base for animals. In order to preserve various plant species, quality and quantitative composition are systematically monitored. However, due to erosion processes on mountain slopes, a number of valuable forage plants are disappearing and a number of measures are being carried out to restore disturbed lands aimed at reducing the adverse factors of natural feed sources. On pastures of sloping lands that have steep slopes, vegetation is better preserved, thanks to the corrals located around the camp or across the slope. In the course of research, the areas of degraded pastures and the consequences of erosion processes were studied, where the composition of the plant community was determined. Crops with high accumulating properties were sown in degraded areas to reduce toxic elements in the soil.
The effect of far-red light on the productivity and photosynthetic activity of tomato
Authors: Dorokhov A S , Smirnov A A , Semenova N A , Akimova S V , Kachan S A , Chilingaryan N , Glinushkin A P , Yu Podkovyrov I 
Published: February 2021

Annotation
It is known that far red light is not a source of photosynthetic energy, but affects the adaptation and development processes of plants. Most of these studies are conducted on young plants, but it is important to understand how high-beam light affects the biochemical composition of tomato fruit, which determines the taste and useful properties. The effect of long-range red radiation on the morphological and biochemical parameters of a tomato plant grown under artificial irradiation with LEDs with a different ratio of red and long-range red radiation from 2 to 9 with the same spectral composition in the range 400÷700 nm was studied. The intensity of photosynthesis was assessed by the content of photosynthetic pigments, and the biochemical analysis of tomato fruits included the determination of the concentration of nitrates, ascorbic acid, monosaccharides, and dry matter. It was found that long-range red radiation reduces the stress effect of blue led light, which is expressed in a lower concentration of anthocyanins in tomato leaves. Additional long-range red in the spectrum of LED R26 G81 R93 FR49 mmol/m2 s increased the yield of tomato plants 'T-34' F1 by 60% compared to HPS, and by 16% compared to led irradiation without the use of additional long-range red (R26 G80 R94 FR10 mmol/m2 s). The dry matter content in tomato fruits increased by 8-10%, while the number of fruits per plant increased by 42% compared to HPS and by 21% compared to led irradiation without the use of additional long - range red. The content of monosaccharides in tomato fruits 'T-34' F1 in the variant with the use of additional long-range red is 20% higher compared to HPS, and 2 times higher than this indicator compared to LED without the use of additional long-range red irradiation. The use of additional long-range red radiation improves the appearance and nutritional value of tomato fruits.
DYNAMICS OF COENOPOPULATIONS AND DISTRIBUTION ASCLEPIAS SYRIACA L. IN VARIOUS HABITATS OF AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND ADJACENT LANDS IN CENTRAL RUSSIA
Authors: Cherniavskih Vladimir I. , Dumacheva Elena V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Asclepias syriaca L. is species-introduced with high potential as a source of biofuel, an important fodder crop for beekeeping, a possible source of biologically active substances. However, the species has a high invasive activity and may pose a threat to the biodiversity of natural plant communities. And also pose an economic threat to agroecosystems as a segetal species. In agricultural landscapes of central Russia in various habitats the dynamics and state of coenopopulation of the introduced in the crop species A. syriaca, which has a high potential invasive hazard at this moment, was studied. Research was conducted in 2012, 2018 and 2019 in the Belgorod region near the village Kulma, Novooskolskiy urban district. To assess the dynamics of the distribution A. syriaca in 2012 a polygon was formed for stationary observations on an area of about 5000 ha called Stationary “Kulma”. Modular coenopopulations growing in various habitats were identified within this stationary. In the process of research in the conditions of agrophytocenoses and adjacent lands of the South of the Central Russian upland there is a tendency to increase the area of populations of the introduced but invasive species of A syriaca in a wide range of habitats. The fact of species-introduced A syriaca into zonal types of steppe vegetation with a tendency to increase its share in phytocenoses with possible further displacement of native species by it is established. In the conditions of habitats adjacent to agrophytocenoses, A. syriaca forms stable full-fledged populations with high seed productivity and high aboveground phytomass, which are most productive in the ecotone conditions of bayrach forests, forest belts and fallow lands. The species has a high ability to introduce agrophytocenoses to cultivated land, this makes it an extremely dangerous component of segetal communities in the Central Chernozem region, capable of causing significant economic damage. It is necessary to monitor population A syriaca in all regions and develop measures to prevent its widespread distribution in agrophytocenoses.
Diagnosis of fungi of the genus Fusarium and Alternaria, Bipolaris, causing diseases of sunflower, and immunological methods for the evaluation and selection of genotypes to the pathogens
Authors: Glinushkin A P , Ovsyankina A V , Kornyukov D A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The distribution of Fusarium, Alternaria and Helminthosporiosis on sunflower crops was studied. The primary mass screening of sunflower cultivars for resistance and endurance to pathogens of rot of sunflower roots and baskets was carried out in laboratory, greenhouse and field conditions. Immunological assessment and selection of varieties resistant to pathogens of sunflower root rot was carried out to a mixture of the most common types of pathogens on an infectious background in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. In an infectious nursery, moderately affected samples are evaluated for the most harmful pathogen species. The dynamics of the development of the disease was studied.
Alkaloids from the sea sponges as stimulants of growth, development and productivity of agricultural plants
Authors: Klykov A G , Utkina N K , Chaikina E L , Murugova G A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The natural world of the Far East Russia has great potential for the detection and isolation of biologically active compounds that can increase productivity of agricultural plants in the zone of risky agriculture. Growth regulating activity of metabolites of marine organisms -alkaloids were studied. Damirone B (1), debromohymenialdisine (2), and dibromoagelaspongin (3) were tested in field conditions as growth stimulants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). It was shown that the stimulatory effects depend on the chemical structure of the alkaloids and the plant species. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 at different concentrations, stimulate growth and productivity of barley, wheat and buckwheat. Their introduction into practice will increase plant productivity, and hence the profitability of crop production.
Biological testing of zeolites as herbicide sorbents
Authors: Spiridonov Yu Ya , Chkanikov N D , Spiridonova I. Yu. , Nasakina E O , Glinushkin A P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biological studies to study the possibility of removing the phytotoxicity of soil residues of the Singer herbicide using various types of zeolites showed that their effectiveness depends both on the nature of the zeolite and on the application rate. Adequate conditions for testing zeolites for the protection of spring rapeseed from residues of metsulfuron-methyl in the soil were selected. It is shown that neutral zeolites at a dose of 100 kg / ha protect the root system of plants from the inhibitory effect of metsulfuron-methyl.
Analysis of the bearing capacity of the normal section of regional confined concrete flexural members
Authors: Zhou Jianying , Li Lidan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a static failure test was carried out on a confined concrete beam and a normal reinforced concrete beam. The theoretical and experimental bearing capacity of ordinary reinforced concrete beams and regional confined concrete beams are analyzed. The experimental and theoretical calculation results show that the regional confined concrete beam can effectively increase the bearing capacity of the beam without changing the section size. Since ordinary reinforced concrete participates in the compression zone in order to consider the compression zone, the calculation formula for regional confined concrete beams given in the code is conservative.
Research on Mechanical Performance of the Connection of Fabricated Primary and Secondary Steel Beam
Authors: Zhao Junyang , Chu Huaibao , Wang Xinwu , Bu Xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to many advantages, prefabricated buildings are the trend of future development. In order to study the mechanical properties of the steel structure beam-beam connection node, referring to related materials, this paper designs a bolted connection node between main and secondary steel beams. By changing the key parameters such as the thickness of the supporting plate and the diameter of the bolt, the finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate the primary and secondary beam nodes. Based on the finite element results, the force mechanism, failure mode, flexural bearing capacity and rotational stiffness of the nodes are analyzed, and some parameter design suggestions are proposed: the thickness of the supporting plate should not be less than 8mm, and the bolt diameter should not be less than 20mm.
Experimental study on dynamic stress dynamic strain relationship and dynamic modulus of reinforced expansive soil
Authors: Tang Xianyuan , Wang Shihai , Cheng Feng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Dynamic triaxial tests are carried out on saturated expansive soil of Qinchong Road, Guangxi at different compaction degrees, numbers of reinforced layers, confining pressure, dynamic stress dynamic strain relationship, and dynamic modulus attenuation law under frequency combination to study the dynamic characteristics of reinforced saturated expansive soil under different influencing factors. Results show that the dynamic constitutive relationship of the saturated expansive soil when the loaded waveform is a half-sine wave conforms to the R. L. Kondner hyperbolic model; the dynamic elastic modulus decreases with the increase of dynamic strain, and the relevant fitting parameters are given. A dynamic elastic modulus attenuation model considering different degrees of compaction, numbers of reinforced layers, confining pressure, and frequency is proposed through regression analysis of the test results.