bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventilator change in children on home mechanical ventilation affected by the Philips respironics trilogy ventilator recall
Authors: Brandt Heather , Simon Dawn M. , Kasi Ajay S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Philips Respironics recall notification issued in June 2021 affected many of their positive airway pressure devices and mechanical ventilators including the Trilogy 100 and 200 ventilators that are often utilized in children using home positive pressure ventilation via tracheostomy (PPV‐T). Optimal strategies to replace ventilators in children using home PPV‐T affected by the Philips recall are unknown. We conducted a retrospective study of children using home PPV‐T with recalled Trilogy ventilators who underwent inpatient ventilator change to non‐recalled portable home ventilators (PHV) using our collaborative institutional protocol. During the study period, there were 40 children using PPV‐T with recalled Trilogy ventilators and 19 patients underwent inpatient ventilator change either during an elective hospitalization (n = 8) or during an unscheduled or postoperative hospitalization (n = 11). The median duration of hospitalization for ventilator change was 2 days (interquartile range: 6 days) and generally 1 day for patients admitted solely for ventilator change. In children using PPV‐T with recalled Trilogy ventilators, a systematic protocol collaborating with the patients, physicians, and durable medical equipment companies may optimize transition to nonrecalled PHVs.
Structures and interactions of insulin‐like peptides from cone snail venom
Authors: Gorai Biswajit , Vashisth Harish 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe venomous insulin‐like peptides released by certain cone snails stimulate hypoglycemic shock to immobilize fish and catch the prey. Compared to human insulin (hIns), the cone snail insulins (Con‐Ins) are typically monomeric and shorter in sequence, yet they exhibit moderate hIns‐like biological activity. We have modeled six variants of Con‐Ins (G3, K1, K2, T1A, T1B, and T2) and carried out explicit‐solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of eight types of insulins, two with known structures (hIns and Con‐Ins‐G1) and six Con‐Ins with modeled structures, to characterize key residues of each insulin that interact with the truncated human insulin receptor (μIR). We show that each insulin/μIR complex is stable during explicit‐solvent MD simulations and hIns interactions indicate the highest affinity for the “site 1” of IR. The residue contact maps reveal that each insulin preferably interacts with the αCT peptide than the L1 domain of IR. Through analysis of the average nonbonded interaction energy contribution of every residue of each insulin for the μIR, we probe the residues establishing favorable interactions with the receptor. We compared the interaction energy of each residue of every Con‐Ins to the μIR and observed that γ‐carboxylated glutamate (Gla), His, Thr, Tyr, Tyr/His, and Asn in Con‐Ins are favorable substitutions for GluA4, AsnA21, ValB12, LeuB15, GlyB20, and ArgB22 in hIns, respectively. The identified insulin analogs, although lacking the last eight residues of the B‐chain of hIns, bind strongly to μIR. Our findings are potentially useful in designing potent fast‐acting therapeutic insulin.
Influences of methane and propane on the explosion characteristics of polymethyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene dusts
Authors: Cheng Jianwei , Qi Chang , Zhang Jing , Zhao Peitao , Qin Yi , Wang Yue , Zhao Gang , Gao Ke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers (ABS) are widely applied to industrial production, with the risk of explosion mixed with combustible gas increasing gradually. A 20 L spherical explosive device was used to study the variation pattern of the explosion characteristics of four gas–dust mixtures: methane/PMMA, methane/ABS, propane/PMMA, and propane/ABS mixtures. The results showed that despite adding methane and propane, PMMA and ABS dusts within the range of minimum explosion concentration are still likely to explode. The comparative analysis shows that propane is more chemically reactive than methane and PMMA and ABS dusts mixed with propane are more dangerous than those mixed with methane. Meanwhile, it was found that as the concentration of methane and propane increases, the maximum explosion pressure Pmax, maximum explosion pressure rise rate (dP/dt)max, and explosive index K of the dusts rise as well, but the increasing trend remains steady. The single‐phase methane and propane have higher maximum explosion pressure and explosive index than the gas–dust mixture, with the lowest maximum explosion pressure and explosive index found in the single‐phase PMMA and ABS dusts. With methane and propane mixed, the explosion hazard of PMMA and ABS dusts is intensified from St1 to St3. This study reveals the explosion characteristics of PMMA and ABS dusts, providing a basis for ensuring a safe working environment, preventing and controlling explosion accidents, and reducing the destructiveness of accidents.
Modifying superparamagnetic iron oxide and silica nanoparticles surfaces for efficient (MA)LDI‐MS analyses of peptides and proteins
Authors: Maghari Shokoofeh , Reimhult Erik , Ghezellou Parviz , Ghassempour Alireza 
Published: October 2021

RationaleSurface functionalization is considered to be the foundation for developing nanomaterial applications in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) analyses. However, the surface properties of nanostructures can influence their interaction with the analyte and consequently the mass data. In the present study, functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) were used for MALDI‐MS and laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI‐MS) experiments in order to evaluate the effect of the surface properties of NPs on tailoring the intensity of mass signals.MethodsRegarding the LDI‐MS analyses, the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) was coated with nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, citric acid, nitrodopamine, and gallic acid. Additionally, the SPIONs were applied as a matrix to analyze three small peptides. In the MALDI‐MS analyses, silica NPs were selected as co‐matrix and functionalized with cysteine, sulfobetaine, and amine alkoxysilanes. Then, the silica NPs were utilized as additives in the MALDI‐MS samples of four proteins in a mass range between ~2000 and 60,000 Da.ResultsThe results of LDI‐MS analyses demonstrated more than one order enhancement in the signal intensity of analytes based on the amount of electrostatic interaction and laser energy absorption by the surface ligands. However, those of MALDI‐MS experiments indicated a significant signal improvement when achieving the colloidal stability of silica NPs in the matrix solution.ConclusionsBased on the results, the surface properties of NPs affected the (MA)LDI‐MS analyses indispensably. Finally, the functionalization of SPIONs represented a new model for the future development of NPs with both affinity and enhanced ionization abilities in mass spectrometry.
Spontaneous improvement of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: A case report
Authors: Ohkubo Hirotsugu , Nakano Akiko , Fujita Kohei , Ozawa Yoshiyuki , Murase Takayuki , Niimi Akio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInterstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) was proposed to describe patients with interstitial lung disease who do not meet the classification criteria for a defined connective tissue disease. Here, we report a spontaneous improvement case of IPAF. A 58‐year‐old man developed dry cough and dyspnoea. Positive result was obtained for the anti‐centromere antibody. High‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed reticular abnormalities and ground‐glass opacities. Cryobiopsy specimens revealed cellular non‐specific interstitial pneumonia. The patient displayed periungual erythema and nail fold bleeding, but no sclerosis. He did not meet the criteria for systemic scleroderma, but did meet those for IPAF. Because symptoms slightly improved, the patient declined immunosuppressive treatment. After 6 months, repeated HRCT showed an apparent reduction in the area of ground‐glass opacities. The forced vital capacity improved from 2.72 to 3.47 L and serum Krebs von den Lungen (KL)‐6 decreased from 1977 to 531 U/ml, and symptoms disappeared.
Comparison of extraperitoneal laparoscopic and extraperitoneal Senhance radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kulis Tomislav , Hudolin Tvrtko , Penezic Luka , Zekulic Toni , Saic Hrvoje , Knezevic Nikola , Kastelan Zeljko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSenhance is novel robotic platform which can be used to perform radical prostatectomy (RP). We compare our results of robotic RP to similar patients operated with laparoscopic technique.Patients and methodsA prospective study of 61 patients operated laparoscopically and 107 patients operated using the Senhance robotic system. We have analysed operative and postoperative results in both groups.ResultsThere was no difference in the operative time, estimated blood loss, positive surgical margins, length of hospitalisation and catheterisation. There were 4 (6.5%) Clavien–Dindo grade I complications, and 5 (8.1%) late complications in laparoscopy. There were 6 (5.6%) Clavien–Dindo grade I, 3 (2.8%) grade II, 1 (0.9%) grade IV complications and 2 (1.9%) late complications in robotic group.ConclusionSenhance robot‐assisted RP is safe, feasible and offers good and comparable functional and oncological outcomes to laparoscopy. The transition to robotic surgery with a relatively fast learning curve can be done effectively for surgeons with previous laparoscopic experience.
Controllable Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Zn2GeO4 : Mn2+ Nanorod Phosphors
Authors: Cui Zheng , Deng Guowei , Wang Ou , Luo Xiaolan , Li Zhonghui , Yang Min , Cheng Shaoheng , Liu Xiaoyang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, color tunable phosphors (Mn2+‐doped Zn2GeO4) were successfully synthesized by a facile microwave hydrothermal process with H2O as solvent. Crystal field modulation and band gap doping by Mn2+ substitution for Zn2+ realizes color tunable Mn2+ emission from 424 to 535 nm. Mn2+‐doping on the phase and size transition of Zn2GeO4 nanocrystals was discussed, and a possible Zn2GeO4 : xMn crystal growth mechanism is discussed. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that the d‐d transition of manganese ions (4T1→6A1) corresponds to a strong green emission of Zn2GeO4 : xMn phosphors.
Enhanced Efficiency and Excellent Thermostability in Organic Photovoltaics via Ternary Strategy with Twisted Conjugated Compound
Authors: Zhang Lifu , Zhao Heng , Hu Ming , Wang Xinkang , Hu Lei , Mao Houdong , Yuan Zhongyi , Ma Wei , Chen Yiwang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe thermal stability of high‐efficiency organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is critical to the manufacturing of this technology. Therefore, targeted strategies and approaches shall be developed to improve efficiency and stability, simultaneously. Herein, a seleno twisted benzodiperylenediimides (TBD‐PDI‐Se) acceptor‐doping strategy is taken advantage of to demonstrate the ternary bulk heterojunction OPVs with excellent stability, achieving outstanding power conversion efficiency of 14.43% and 17.25% based on PM6:IT‐4F and PM6:Y6 ternary blend devices, respectively, which are superior to the corresponding binary devices. As evidenced by the active layer morphology, exciton dynamic study and the characterizations of the enabled device, the ternary blend device keeps nearly 90% original efficiency (t = 1000 h) under continuous constant heating at 140 °C. Furthermore, the application of acceptor as the third component in PBDB‐T:ITIC, J71:ITIC, and PBDB‐T:PC71BM systems is also verified, proving the good universality of acceptor‐doping ternary strategy.
Control of the Surface Disorder by Ion‐Exchange to Achieve High Open‐Circuit Voltage in HC(NH2)2PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Chen Siqi , Wang Jin , Ran Guangliu , Pan Qingyan , Liu Le , Zhao Chengjie , Tang Jin , Zhao Min , Zhang Wenkai , Zhao Yingjie , Jiu Tonggang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe ionic nature of organic trihalide perovskite leads to structural irregularity and energy disorder at the perovskite surface, which seriously affects the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells. Here, the origin of the perovskite surface disorder is analyzed, and a facial ion‐exchange strategy is designed to regulate the surface chemical environment. By the reconstruction of terminal irregular Pb–I bonds and random cations, the repaired surface is characteristic of the reduced band tail states, consequent to the suppression of the uplift of quasi‐Fermi level splitting and photocarrier scattering. The optimized device gets a high open‐circuit voltage and operational stability. These findings fully elaborate the underlying mechanism concerning perovskite surface problem, giving guidance on tailoring the energy disorder.
Self‐Sustained Marangoni Flows Driven by Chemical Reactions
Authors: Nguindjel Anne‐Déborah C. , Korevaar Peter A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Anne‐Déborah Nguindjel and Peter A. Korevaar, Radboud University. The image represents the concept of self‐sustained Marangoni flows. These flows bring the fuel to the reaction center, to keep the flow “alive” in its out‐of‐equilibrium state.. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/syst.202100021.
Ultrashort echo time MRI of the lung in children and adolescents: comparison with non-enhanced computed tomography and standard post-contrast T1w MRI sequences
Authors: Renz Diane M. , Herrmann Karl-Heinz , Kraemer Martin , Boettcher Joachim , Waginger Matthias , Krueger Paul-Christian , Pfeil Alexander , Streitparth Florian , Kentouche Karim , Gruhn Bernd , Mainz Jochen G. , Stenzel Martin , Teichgraeber Ulf K. , Reichenbach Juergen R. , Mentzel Hans-Joachim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the diagnostic value of ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the lung versus the gold standard computed tomography (CT) and two T1-weighted MRI sequences in children.

Methods
Twenty-three patients with proven oncologic disease (14 male, 9 female; mean age 9.0 + / − 5.4 years) received 35 low-dose CT and MRI examinations of the lung. The MRI protocol (1.5-T) included the following post-contrast sequences: two-dimensional (2D) incoherent gradient echo (GRE; acquisition with breath-hold), 3D volume interpolated GRE (breath-hold), and 3D high-resolution radial UTE sequences (performed during free-breathing). Images were evaluated by considering image quality as well as distinct diagnosis of pulmonary nodules and parenchymal areal opacities with consideration of sizes and characterisations.

Results
The UTE technique showed significantly higher overall image quality, better sharpness, and fewer artefacts than both other sequences. On CT, 110 pulmonary nodules with a mean diameter of 4.9 + / − 2.9 mm were detected. UTE imaging resulted in a significantly higher detection rate compared to both other sequences (p < 0.01): 76.4% (84 of 110 nodules) for UTE versus 60.9% (67 of 110) for incoherent GRE and 62.7% (69 of 110) for volume interpolated GRE sequences. The detection of parenchymal areal opacities by the UTE technique was also significantly higher with a rate of 93.3% (42 of 45 opacities) versus 77.8% (35 of 45) for 2D GRE and 80.0% (36 of 45) for 3D GRE sequences (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The UTE technique for lung MRI is favourable in children with generally high diagnostic performance compared to standard T1-weighted sequences as well as CT.
Key Points
• Due to the possible acquisition during free-breathing of the patients, the UTE MRI sequence for the lung is favourable in children.
• The UTE technique reaches higher overall image quality, better sharpness, and lower artefacts, but not higher contrast compared to standard post-contrast T1-weighted sequences.
• In comparison to the gold standard chest CT, the detection rate of small pulmonary nodules small nodules ≤ 4 mm and subtle parenchymal areal opacities is higher with the UTE imaging than standard T1-weighted sequences.
Anthracycline-free tumor elimination in mice leads to functional and molecular cardiac recovery from cancer-induced alterations in contrast to long-lasting doxorubicin treatment effects
Authors: Pietzsch Stefan , Wohlan Katharina , Thackeray James T. , Heimerl Maren , Schuchardt Sven , Scherr Michaela , Ricke-Hoch Melanie , Hilfiker-Kleiner Denise 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSystemic effects of advanced cancer impact on the heart leading to cardiac atrophy and functional impairment. Using a murine melanoma cancer model (B16F10 melanoma cells stably transduced with a Ganciclovir (GCV)-inducible suicide gene), the present study analysed the recovery potential of cancer-induced cardiomyopathy with or without use of doxorubicin (Dox). After Dox-free tumor elimination and recovery for 70 ± 5 days, cancer-induced morphologic, functional, metabolic and molecular changes were largely reversible in mice previously bearing tumors. Moreover, grip strength and cardiac response to angiotensin II-induced high blood pressure were comparable with healthy control mice. In turn, addition of Dox (12 mg/kg BW) to melanoma-bearing mice reduced survival in the acute phase compared to GCV-alone induced recovery, while long-term effects on cardiac morphologic and functional recovery were similar. However, Dox treatment was associated with permanent changes in the cardiac gene expression pattern, especially the circadian rhythm pathway associated with the DNA damage repair system. Thus, the heart can recover from cancer-induced damage after chemotherapy-free tumor elimination. In contrast, treatment with the cardiotoxic drug Dox induces, besides well-known adverse acute effects, long-term subclinical changes in the heart, especially of circadian clock genes. Since the circadian clock is known to impact on cardiac repair mechanisms, these changes may render the heart more sensitive to additional stress during lifetime, which, at least in part, could contribute to late cardiac toxicity.
The key role of µH2O gradients in deciphering microstructures and mineral assemblages of mylonites: examples from the Calabria polymetamorphic terrane
Authors: Tursi Fabrizio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA careful petrologic analysis of mylonites’ mineral assemblages is crucial for a thorough comprehension of the rheologic behaviour of ductile shear zones active during an orogenesis. In this view, understanding the way new minerals form in rocks sheared in a ductile manner and why relict porphyroblasts are preserved in zones where mineral reactions are generally supposed to be deformation-assisted, is essential. To this goal, the role of chemical potential gradients, particularly that of H2O (µH2O), was examined here through phase equilibrium modelling of syn-kinematic mineral assemblages developed in three distinct mylonites from the Calabria polymetamorphic terrane. Results revealed that gradients in chemical potentials have effects on the mineral assemblages of the studied mylonites, and that new syn-kinematic minerals formed in higher-µH2O conditions than the surroundings. In each case study, the banded fabric of the mylonites is related to the fluid availability in the system, with the fluid that was internally generated by the breakdown of OH-bearing minerals. The gradients in µH2O favoured the origin of bands enriched in hydrated minerals alternated with bands where anhydrous minerals were preserved even during exhumation. Thermodynamic modelling highlights that during the prograde stage of metamorphism, high-µH2O was necessary to form new minerals while relict, anhydrous porphyroblasts remained stable in condition of low-µH2O even during exhumation. Hence, the approach used in this contribution is an in-depth investigation of the fluid-present/-deficient conditions that affected mylonites during their activity, and provides a more robust interpretation of their microstructures, finally helping to explain the rheologic behaviour of ductile shear zones.
Fire Recurrence and Time Since Last Fire Interact to Determine the Supply of Multiple Ecosystem Services by Mediterranean Forests
Authors: Moghli Aymen , Santana Victor M. , Baeza M. Jaime , Pastor Estrella , Soliveres Santiago 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWildfires shape the composition and functioning of Mediterranean ecosystems, but we do not know how these ecosystems respond to both the higher fire recurrence and shorter recovery times expected for future climatic scenarios. We sampled 29 plots with different fire recurrences (from 0 to 4 fires over the past decades) and time since the last fire (up to 35 years; hereafter TSLF) in Southeast Spain, to assess the effect of fire recurrence and TSLF on 25 ecosystem attributes, five related ecosystem services (biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, disturbance regulation, food production, and supporting services), plus the synergies and trade-offs between them. High fire recurrence (number of fires) and TSLF interacted to determine ecosystem services but did not affect the synergies and trade-offs between them. Fire recurrence reduced many ecosystem functions and ecosystem multifunctionality. However, this effect dampened, and even became positive, for biodiversity conservation and food production services provided enough (> 20 years) time to recover. The combined effects of fire recurrence and TSLF, however, reduced carbon sequestration and had no overall effects on supporting services. Disturbance regulation, in turn, diminished drastically with the first fire, with no effect of further fires or their interaction with TSLF. Our results show which ecosystem services will suffer more from an increase in fire recurrence, and where restoration and management efforts should focus to maximize the provision of those services more demanded by stakeholders.
All-season space use by non-native resident Mandarin Ducks (Aix galericulata) in northeastern Germany
Authors: Schlägel Ulrike E. , Mädlow Wolfgang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPatterns of space use are often subject to large temporal and individual-level variation, due to seasonality in behaviour and environmental conditions as well as age- or sex-specific needs. Especially in temperate regions, seasonality likely influences space use even in non-migratory birds. In waterfowl of the familyAnatidae, however, few studies have analyzed space use of the same individuals across the full annual cycle. We used a resident population of Mandarin Ducks (Aix galericulata) in northeast Germany to study their year-round space use in relation to season, sex, and age. We marked 172 birds with colour rings and surveyed relevant water bodies for re-encounters for several years. As space-use patterns we derived home ranges from minimum convex polygons and the number of water bodies used by individual birds. Our analysis revealed that individuals shifted their space use between seasons, in particular extending their home ranges during the non-breeding season. Between years, in contrast, birds tended to show season-specific site fidelity. Sex differences were apparent during both breeding and non-breeding season, males consistently having larger home ranges and using slightly more water bodies. No difference was found between first-year and adult birds. Our study demonstrates that mark-resighting can provide valuable information about space use in species with suitable behaviour and readily accessible habitat. In such cases, it may be a valid alternative to more expensive GPS-tracking or short-term manual radio telemetry, particularly within citizen-science projects.