bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF QUERCETIN ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND HEMOSTASE IN RATS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Ivanova Olha 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other cardiovascular complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, and thrombotic events. Quercetin (Q) possesses a wide range of multiple activities: anti-diabetic, anti-proliferative, anti-atherosclerotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-apoptotic effects and is regarded as a candidate for the role of cardiovascular complications protecting agent.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Q on the functional state of cardiovascular system and haemostasis in diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods. T2DM was induced in Wistar rats by a high-caloric diet during 14 weeks combined with intraperitoneal injections of 25 mg/kg streptozotocin twice per week. All diabetic animals were divided into three groups: treated with solvent and with Q (in dose 10 and 50 mg/kg/day per os) for 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Fibrinogen concentration and induced euglobulin fibrinolysis time were measured in plasma using reagent kits. Electrocardiograms were recorded in leads II.
Results. It was established that Q in dose 50 mg/kg b.w. prevents in the formation of sinus tachycardia in experimental animals. In addition, Q in both doses inhibits the development of myocardial diastolic dysfunction, which was confirmed by prolongation of T-P interval and a decrease of duration of the T wave in comparison with diabetic rats. Q in both doses restorated the processes of coagulations and fibrinolysis, as indicated by a decrease of fibrinogen levels and the time of thrombolysis compared to diabetic rats.
Conclusions. Q, independently of dose, inhibits the development of myocardial diastolic dysfunction and reduces prothrombotic potential in rats with type 2 diabetes, which may ameliorate diabetic cardiovascular risk. This data justify the perspective of Q for the prevention and management of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.
The value of the analysis of the urinary stones for studying the features of urolithiasis pathogenesis
Authors: Lebedev D. G. , Smirnova V. I. , Lapin S. V. , Burlaka O. O. , Rozengauz E. V. , Emanuel V. L. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Urolithiasis is a multifactorial recurrent disease, unevenly spread throughout the world and characterizedby the formation of urinary stones of various chemical compositions, depending on pathogenesis, etiological, and epidemiological risk factors. Understanding the composition of chemicals and their prevailing ratios can help make decisions about treatment tactics, preventive measures to reduce the risk of recurrence and the prevalence of urolithiasis.Purpose of the study. To assess the distribution of chemical components in urinary stones along with an analysis of their population significance.Materials and methods. The urinary stones were obtained from 2854 patients with urolithiasis. The composition of urinary stones was analyzed by using an infrared spectroscopy method.Results. The predominance of oxalate stones was determined in multicomponent kidney stones (83,7%) and the prevalence of urate stones (54,2%) was revealed in monocomponent kidney stones. Urinary stones with a predominance of oxalates contained significantly fewer impurities (12.4%) than urinary stones with a predominance of urates, phosphates and carbonates with an average amount of impurities >24.0%.Conclusion. The analysis of urinary stones distribution based on pathogenic factors showed that the calcium metabolism disturbances prevail in the population of the Russian Federation (88.0%).
Factors Influencing the Intention of Actors in Hospitals to Use Indoor Positioning Systems: Reasoned Action Approach
Authors: Wichmann Johannes , Leyer Michael 
Published: October 2021

Background
Indoor positioning systems (IPS) have become increasingly important for several branches of the economy (eg, in shopping malls) but are relatively new to hospitals and underinvestigated in that context. This research analyzes the intention of actors within a hospital to use an IPS to address this gap.

Objective
To investigate the intentions of hospital visitors and employees (as the main actors in a hospital) to use an IPS in a hospital.

Methods
The reasoned action approach was used, according to which the behavior of an individual is caused by behavioral intentions that are affected by (1) a persuasion that represents the individual’s attitude toward the behavior, (2) perceived norms that describe the influence of other individuals, and (3) perceived norms that reflect the possibility of the individual influencing the behavior.

Results
The survey responses of 323 hospital visitors and 304 hospital employees were examined separately using SmartPLS 3.3.3. Bootstrapping procedures with 5000 subsamples were used to test the models (one-tailed test with a significance level of .05). The results show that attitude (β=.536; P<.001; f²=.381) and perceived norms (β=.236; P<.001; f²=.087) are predictors of hospital visitors’ intention to use an IPS. In addition, attitude (β=.283; P<.001; f²=.114), perceived norms (β=.301; P<.001; f²=.126), and perceived behavioral control (β=.178; P=.005; f²=.062) are predictors of hospital employees’ intention to use an IPS.

Conclusions
This study has two major implications: (1) our extended reasoned action approach model, which takes into account spatial abilities and personal innovativeness, is appropriate for determining hospital visitors’ and employees’ intention to use an IPS; and (2) hospitals should invest in implementing IPS with a focus on (a) navigational services for hospital visitors and (b) asset tracking for hospital employees.
Usability of an At-Home Anterior Nares SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Sample Collection Kit: Human Factors Feasibility Study
Authors: Strong Laura E , Middendorf Irene , Turner Michelle , Edwards V David K , Sama Varun , Mou Joshua , Adams K Colleen 
Published: October 2021

Background
Readily available testing for SARS-CoV-2 is necessary to mitigate COVID-19 disease outbreaks. At-home collection kits, in which samples are self-collected without requiring a laboratory or clinic visit and sent to an external laboratory for testing, can provide convenient testing to those with barriers to access. They can prevent unnecessary exposure between patient and clinical staff, increase access for patients with disabilities or remote workers, and decrease burdens on health care resources, such as provider time and personal protective equipment. Exact Sciences developed an at-home collection kit for samples to be tested to detect SARS-CoV-2 that includes an Instructions for Use (IFU) document, which guides people without prior experience on collecting a nasal swab sample. Demonstrating successful sample collection and usability is critical to ensure that these samples meet the same high-quality sample collection standards as samples collected in clinics.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the usability of a SARS-CoV-2 at-home nasal swab sample collection kit.

Methods
A human factors usability study was conducted with 30 subjects without prior medical, laboratory, or health care training and without COVID-19 sample self-collection experience. Subjects were observed while they followed the IFU for the at-home sample collection portion of the SARS-CoV-2 test in a setting that simulated a home environment. IFU usability was further evaluated by requiring the subjects to complete a survey, answer comprehension questions, provide written feedback, and respond to questions from the observer about problems during use.

Results
All 30 subjects successfully completed the sample collection process, and all 30 samples were determined by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing to meet quality standards for SARS-CoV-2 testing. The subjects’ written feedback and comments revealed several recommendations to improve the IFU.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated the overall usability of an at-home SARS-CoV-2 collection kit. Various feedback mechanisms provided opportunities to improve the wording and graphics for some critical tasks, including placing the label correctly on the tube. A modified IFU was prepared based on study outcomes.
Risk Factors of COVID-19 Critical Outcomes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Multicountry Retrospective Study
Authors: Lami Faris , Elfadul Maisa , Rashak Hiba , Al Nsour Mohannad , Akhtar Hashaam , Khader Yousef , Hussein Ahmed M , Naciri Mariam , Samy Sahar , Ghaleb Yasser , Taha Hana , Hussein Alaa , Ali Nameer A , Hussein Raheem , Ikram Aamer , Rahman Fazal ur , Khan Mohammad Mujeeb , Adam Reema , Ahmed Abdulrazaq Yusuf , Afifi Salma 
Published: October 2021

Background
The establishment of empirical evidence in the Eastern Mediterranean Region necessitates the implementation of wide-scale studies to describe the demographic, clinical features, and severity profile of patients with COVID-19.

Objective
This study aims to assess the patterns of COVID-19 severity and mortality in seven countries, and to determine the risk factors of COVID-19 severity and mortality.

Methods
This multicountry study was based on a retrospective review of medical records of hospitalized patients confirmed to have COVID-19. This study includes data from Iraq, Pakistan, Sudan, Somalia, Morocco, Egypt, and Yemen. All demographic and clinical data were extracted from hospital records (paper files) by trained data collectors.

Results
A total of 4141 patients were included in this study from seven countries. Comorbidities were reported by nearly half of the patients, with hypertension (n=1021, 24.7%) and diabetes (n=939, 22.7%) being the most common. Older age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart diseases were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Ever smoking and renal diseases were significantly associated with severity but not mortality, while male gender, respiratory diseases, and malignancy were significantly associated with mortality but not severity.

Conclusions
The study confirms the role of comorbidities and demographic features on the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Understanding the contributing factors ensures attentive care and informs clinical management of patients with poorer prognoses in the early stages of diseases.
Diffusion Study of Cream Formula of Lyophilized Ethanol Extract of Moringa oleifera L. Leaves
Authors: Sapra Amriani , Mus Suwahyuni , Dwirandy Dwirandy , Malluka Rifka , Khairi Nur 
Published: October 2021

Background: Moringa oleifera L. leaves have analgesic activity due to their flavonoids content. These polar antioxidants compounds usually have difficulty to diffuse through the skin. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diffusion parameters of cream contains the lyophilized of M. oleifera leaves ethanol extract. Material and Methods: The lyophilized of M.oleifera leaves ethanol extract (5%) formulated as an o/w cream with 2% of cetyl alcohol as a stiffening agent. The physical characteristics of the cream were determined for organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and type of emulsion parameters. The diffusion parameters were determined with Franz cell diffusion using the skin's snake as a membrane with 0; 10; 30; 60 and 90 minutes sampling time. Results: Physical characteristics of the cream showed that o/w as the cream type with pH, viscosity, and spreadability value were 4.72±0.03; 14.000±225 cps; and 5.7±0.20 cm, respectively. The diffusion parameter showed total flavonoids penetrate through the membrane was 360.134±0.20 µg/cm2 with flux 239,875 µg/cm2hr. Conclusions: This study showed a cream formulation that fulfills the required physical characteristics standard and can deliver active compounds to penetrate through the membrane.
¿Por qué la responsabilidad social universitaria en el proceso formativo de los estudiantes?
Authors: M E González 
Published: October 2021

La responsabilidad social, tiene un fuerte impacto en la construcción de los valores de una
organización, y las personas que la integra; le sirve como difusión de sus valores, para posicionarse en el
medio y también obtener un redito económico. Pero no es de esto lo que se quiere expresar ahora… es el
valor de la responsabilidad en el ámbito universitario… en la educación superior, como una estrategia en
la formación integral de los profesionales, no solo completando o formando la ciencia propia de la
disciplina que el estudiante transita, sino agregándole un plus, del contacto con la realidad concreta y
palpable, aprendiendo a trabajar conjuntamente universidad y estamentos públicos o privados donde el
alumno, futuro profesional comenzará a realizar sus prácticas, con conciencia de servicio, a los que lo
necesitan.
Poor In Utero Growth, and Reduced β-Cell Compensation and High Fasting Glucose From Childhood, Are Harbingers of Glucose Intolerance in Young Indians
Authors: Yajnik Chittaranjan S. , Bandopadhyay Souvik , Bhalerao Aboli , Bhat Dattatray S. , Phatak Sanat B. , Wagh Rucha H. , Yajnik Pallavi C. , Pandit Anand , Bhave Sheila , Coyaji Kurus , Kumaran Kalyanaraman , Osmond Clive , Fall Caroline H.D. 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE
India is a double world capital of early-life undernutrition and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to characterize life course growth and metabolic trajectories in those developing glucose intolerance as young adults in the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
PMNS is a community-based intergenerational birth cohort established in 1993, with serial information on parents and children through pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. We compared normal glucose-tolerant and glucose-intolerant participants for serial growth, estimates of insulin sensitivity and secretion (HOMA and dynamic indices), and β-cell compensation accounting for prevailing insulin sensitivity.

RESULTS
At 18 years (N = 619), 37% of men and 20% of women were glucose intolerant (prediabetes n = 184; diabetes n = 1) despite 48% being underweight (BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m2). Glucose-intolerant participants had higher fasting glucose from childhood. Mothers of glucose-intolerant participants had higher glycemia in pregnancy. Glucose-intolerant participants were shorter at birth. Insulin sensitivity decreased with age in all participants, and those with glucose intolerance had consistently lower compensatory insulin secretion from childhood. Participants in the highest quintile of fasting glucose at 6 and 12 years had 2.5- and 4.0-fold higher risks, respectively, of 18-year glucose intolerance; this finding was replicated in two other cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS
Inadequate compensatory insulin secretory response to decreasing insulin sensitivity in early life is the major pathophysiology underlying glucose intolerance in thin rural Indians. Smaller birth size, maternal pregnancy hyperglycemia, and higher glycemia from childhood herald future glucose intolerance, mandating a strategy for diabetes prevention from early life, preferably intergenerationally.
Hemodynamic Impact of Drug Interactions With Epinephrine and Antipsychotics Under General Anesthesia With Propofol
Authors: Shionoya Yoshiki , Nakamura Eishi , Tsujimoto Gentaro , Koyata Takayuki , Yasuda Asako , Nakamura Kiminari , Sunada Katsuhisa 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
Antipsychotic drugs exhibit α-1 adrenergic receptor-blocking activity. When epinephrine and antipsychotic drugs are administered in combination, β-2 adrenergic effects are thought to predominate and induce hypotension. This study aimed to assess hemodynamic parameters in patients regularly taking antipsychotics who were administered epinephrine-containing lidocaine under general anesthesia in a dental setting.

Methods:
Thirty patients taking typical and/or atypical antipsychotics and scheduled for dental procedures under general anesthesia were enrolled. Five minutes after tracheal intubation, baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurements were taken. The SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2 measurements were repeated 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 minutes after the injection of 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine (36 mg) with 1:80,000 epinephrine (22.5 mcg) via buccal infiltration.

Results:
Differences between the baseline measurements and those of each time point were analyzed using Dunnett test, and no statistically significant changes were observed.

Conclusions:
Our findings demonstrate that the use of epinephrine at a clinically relevant dose of 22.5 mcg for dental treatment under general anesthesia is unlikely to affect the hemodynamic parameters of patients taking antipsychotic medications.
Characteristics of the Deep Carious Lesions of Primary and Permanent Molars Using IOPA Radiographs
Authors: Nagarathna C. , Rahul C. , Umapathy T. 
Published: October 2021

Aim: To determine the site and pattern of deep carious lesion & its consequences on coronal and radicular structures radiographically in primary molars & first permanent molars using IOPA radiographs.
Materials and methods: It consisted of 200 IOPA of Deep carious of Maxillary & mandibular of primary (n=100) and permanent molars(n=100) X-rays are collected. IOPA radiographs of Deep carious lesion involving only dentin with radiolucency reaching the inner 1/3 of dentin, clinically cavitated that is RC5 Of the ICMMS criteria were taken. Blinded Radiographic evaluation was done by two persons to rule out inter examiner variability.
Results: In primary molars IOPA there was statistically significant difference in Carious adjacent tooth whereas in permanent molars IOPA there was statistical difference in Diffused pattern and lost tooth structures. When compared primary and permanent molars diffused pattern and lost tooth structure showed statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: The deep carious lesions definitely lead to loss of crown structure over a period of time and also capable of spread of caries to adjacent teeth due to food impaction & inadequate oral hygiene. Hence leading to loss of function and arch length.
Treated with Hymen Sparing Surgery in Familial Imperforate Hymen
Authors: Kaplanoglu M. 
Published: October 2021

Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital female genital tract obstructive pathology. Although It is generally sporadic and isolated, very rare familial occurrence cases have been published in the literature. We present a rare case of the familial occurrence of IH and its surgical treatment. This case was admitted to our clinic with chronic pelvic pain, difficulty urination and pelvic mass. After the gynecologic examination and ultrasound view, the diagnosis of IH was made. Her sister who two years older than she had been previously evaluated for amenorrhea and her sister had undergone surgical procedures for IH. Because of Hymen is an important symbol of virginity in family culture, hymen sparing surgery was performed. The familial occurrence of IH is a rare condition and very few reported cases in the literature. Hymenectomy can cause social retraction in cases therefore hymen sparing surgery is an important surgery, especially Muslim cultures.
Distinctive determinants of financial indebtedness: evidence from Slovak and Czech enterprises
Authors: Valaskova Katarina , Kliestik Tomas , Gajdosikova Dominika 
Published: October 2021

Research background: Indebtedness indicators are used to monitor the structure of corporate financial resources. The company's share of its own and foreign resources affects the financial stability of the company. A high share of own re-sources makes the company stable, and independent. With a low share, on the contrary, the company is unstable, market fluctuations and credit uncertainty can have serious consequences. However, foreign capital is cheaper, and too high indebtedness ratios can jeopardize the existence of enterprises.
Purpose of the article: In general, the economic recession worsens the capital structure of enterprises, especially their debt management. Thus, the paper aims to apply the set of 13 indebtedness ratios to a sample of 779 Slovak and Czech enterprises from the construction sector to determine key microeconomic determinants that may influence the level of indebtedness.
Methods: A non-parametric one-way analysis of variance ? the Kruskal-Wallis test ? was used to determine whether the set of indebtedness ratios is the same across countries, districts, and sizes. For analyzing the specific sample pair of stochastic dominance, the pairwise comparison was realized using the Dunn'stest with Bonferonni correction. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the differences in the set of indebtedness ratios between two independent groups of enterprises, based on their legal form and country.
Findings & value added: The level of total indebtedness ratio and the self-financing ratio depends on the region as well as on the size of the enterprise and the legal form. In the case of credit indebtedness and debt-to-cash-flow indebted-ness, their dependence on the size of the enterprise and the legal form is obvious. The importance of the region and the legal form of enterprises, vice versa, affect the level of the financial independence ratio. These outputs are relevant for au-thorities, policy makers, or financial institutions to identify financial constraints that construction enterprises face and, as a result, make a long-term contribution to theory in this field.
Online grocery shopping: the customers´ perspective in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bartók Ottó , Kozák Vratislav , Bauerová Radka 
Published: October 2021

Research background: Online shopping is becoming popular among most customers thanks to quickness and easy shopping, and also due the COVID pandemic. Companies are aware of the great interest of customers and, as a consequence, e-commerce is expanding. There has been a significant increase in online grocery purchases due to economic growth in the past few years. Online shopping attracts a lot of research interest, individual authors and this is a widely discussed topic. It should be borne in mind that online purchasing of food has its own peculiarities compared to the segment of electronics or fashion from the perspective of everyday needs.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the study is to analyze specific consumer behaviour in online purchasing of groceries. This study takes into account the age and purchasing preferences of online grocery purchasers.
Methods: The study was conducted using quantitative research. Data (n = 171) was obtained by using a questionnaire survey done in the Czech Republic. The questionnaire survey contained 17 questions. For the statistical evaluation, Chi-square test and Pearson's correlation test were used. For the statistical evaluation, Chi-square test and Pearson´s correlation test were used.
Findings & value added: The results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between the age of customers and online purchase in the grocery field. However, customers who use the e-shop for grocery purchase are still reluctant to buy perishable goods (meat, pastries) and prefer goods that are packed directly by the manufacturer. The study sheds light on understanding the customers? purchasing behaviour and their preferences in terms of quality of service, payment terms, delivery conditions, and range of assortment.