bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Industrial Wastewater Treatment Technologies For Reuse, Recycle, And Recovery: Advantages, Disadvantages, And Gaps.
Authors: Mejía Ricardo , Maturana Aymer , Gómez Diego , Quintero Christian , Arismendy Luis , Cárdenas Carlos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To reduce demand and discharge, instead of industrial wastewater being poorly treated and disposed of, it can be recycled, reused, or recovered if it is properly managed, thus having a substantial decrease in the water requirement and environmental impacts. The challenge is to select the appropriate process or combination of processes to achieve this based on the wastewater quality. Consequently, the objective of this investigation is to review every technology from conventional through advanced, for reliable and sustainable wastewater treatment and derived sludges, focusing on advantages, disadvantages, and technical gaps for development. Even though there is a wide range of possible technologies, it was evinced that there is huge potential to exploit and make them economically and sustainably viable for waste processing and circular economy, even in the mature massively implemented wastewater treatment technologies in the industry. Overall, we identify that independently from the technology to be studied, the future investigations on every unit, especially on those not vastly implemented, should be focused on: (1) The capacity in removing selected pollutants and decreasing impurities, (2) energy efficiency, (3) environmental safety, (4) economic viability, (5) hybrid processes, and (6) sustainability by waste processing.
Dental Macrowear Reveals Ecological Diversity of Gorilla Spp.
Authors: Harty Tegan , Berthaume Michael A. , Evans Alistair R. , Galbany Jordi , Guy Franck , Hamada Yuzuru , Kullmer Ottmar , Lazzari Vincent , Romero Alejandro , Fiorenza Luca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Size and shape variation of molar crowns in primates plays an important role in understanding how species adapted to their environment. Gorillas are commonly considered to be folivorous primates because they possess sharp cusped molars which are adapted to process fibrous leafy foods. However, the proportion of fruit in their diet can vary significantly depending on their habitats. While tooth morphology can tell us what a tooth is capable of processing, tooth wear can help us to understand how teeth have been used during mastication. The objective of this study is to explore if differences in diet at the subspecies level can be detected by the analysis of molar macrowear. We analysed a large sample of second lower molars of Grauer’s, mountain and western lowland gorilla by combining the Occlusal Fingerprint Analysis method with other dental measurements. We found that Grauer’s and western lowland gorillas are characterised by a macrowear pattern indicating a larger intake of fruit in their diet, while mountain gorilla’s macrowear is associated with the consumption of more folivorous foods. We also found that the consumption of herbaceous foods is generally associated with an increase in dentine and enamel wear, confirming the results of previous studies.
Seroprevalence of major infectious causes of dairy cattle reproductive problems in central Ethiopia
Authors: Messele Yohannes Equar , Girmay Gebrerufael , Emeru Bezina Arega , Bora Shelema Kelbesa , Gudeta Workitu Firomsa , Dersso Betelhem Seyoum , Tegegne Desiye Tesfaye , Hurrisa Beksisa Urge , Yalew Shimels Tikuye , Werid Gebremeskel Mamu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Reproductive problem is one of the main constraints of livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major infectious causes of reproductive problems of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms in central Ethiopia. Overall 86 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to February 2019 from animals with history of reproductive problems. The collected serum was tested for antibody titer against Brucella species, Neospora caninum, Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Q-fever using rose-bengal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests.
Result
Among the animals with the history of reproductive disordered; abortion, still birth and repeat breeding cases were found in 61.6%, 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IBR, BVD, Neospora caninum and Coxiella brunetti was found to be 79.1%, 38.4%, 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The combined infection of both BVD and IBR were detected in 21% of animals. Out of the total animals examined in this study, 95.9% of Jersey breeds were found seropositive to IBR than Boran-Friesian crosses (57.7%). The incidence of BVD was significantly higher in Boran-Friesian crossbred cattle than in Jersey which was found to be 69.3% and 14.3, respectively. The prevalence of IBR and BVD was directly proportional with age of the animal and parity.
Conclusion
Vaccination against IBR and BVD is not practiced in Ethiopia, the rising level of those diseases in dairy sector needs regular surveillance and control program.
Does Size Matter? Toxicity Effects of 5‐nm and 70‐nm Silver Nanoparticles on Hoplobatrachus Rugulosus Frog
Authors: Siri Sineenat , Bamroongnok Kamchan , Kuaprasert Buabarn , Janthima Ratima , Patakkhinang Sukhum , Krubphachaya Pongrit 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the increased usage of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the potential impacts of released AgNPs in the environment are increasingly concerned, especially to natural living organisms. Since the properties of AgNPs significantly depend on their sizes, this work aimed to compare the effects of 5-nm and 70‐nm AgNPs on toxicity and bioaccumulation in Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, the edible East Asian Bullfrog. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction analyses. Both 5‐nm and 70‐nm AgNPs caused mortality, reduced growth, induced abnormal development, generated cellular oxidative stress, and modulated cellular biomolecule pattern of frog embryos, but at different levels. The 5‐nm AgNPs caused harmful effects on the frog embryos more than 70-nm AgNPs, likely due to their small size to allow more accessibility into the cell. The mortality effects of AgNPs depended on the concentration, exposure time, and size. The malformation of frog embryos in response to AgNPs-exposure included scoliosis, lordosis, kyphosis, and yolk sac edema. Synchrotron Fourier transformed infrared analyses revealed that 5‐nm AgNPs significantly changed the profile of cellular biomolecules in the embryos, indicated by the spectral peaks assigned to lipid, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. The bioaccumulation of silvers was dominant in eggs, followed by stomach, liver, kidney, and intestine, respectively, suggesting their translocation via blood circulation. The result of high accumulated silver in eggs and effects on embryonic mortality, growth, development, and cellular changes suggested the potential negative impacts of AgNPs on the sustainability of this frog in the environment.
Random World and Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Król Jerzy , Bielas Krzysztof , Asselmeyer-Maluga Torsten 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Quantum mechanics (QM) predicts probabilities on the fundamentallevel which are, via Born probability law, connected to the formal randomnessof infinite sequences of QM outcomes. Recently it has been shown thatQM is algorithmic 1-random in the sense of Martin-L¨of. We extend this resultand demonstrate that QM is algorithmic ω-random and generic, precisely asdescribed by the ’miniaturisation’ of the Solovay forcing to arithmetic. Thisis extended further to the result that QM becomes Zermelo–Fraenkel Solovayrandom on infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Moreover, it is more likely thatthere exists a standard transitive ZFC model M, where QM is expressed in reality,than in the universe V of sets. Then every generic quantum measurementadds to M the infinite sequence, i.e. random real r ∈ 2ω, and the model undergoesrandom forcing extensions M[r]. The entire process of forcing becomesthe structural ingredient of QM and parallels similar constructions applied tospacetime in the quantum limit, therefore showing the structural resemblanceof both in this limit. We discuss several questions regarding measurability andpossible practical applications of the extended Solovay randomness of QM.The method applied is the formalization based on models of ZFC; however,this is particularly well-suited technique to recognising randomness questionsof QM. When one works in a constant model of ZFC or in axiomatic ZFCitself, the issues considered here remain hidden to a great extent.
Challenges Faced by Behavioral Genetic Studies: Researchers Perspective
from the MENA Region
Authors: Khabour Omar F. , Abu-Siniyeh Ahmed A. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Al-Sheyab Nihaya A. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Behavioral genetic studies are important for the understanding of the contribution
of genetic variations to human behavior. However, such studies might be associated with
some ethical concerns.

Methods:
In the current study, ethical challenges related to studies of genetic variations contributing
to human behavior were examined among researchers. To achieve the study purpose, the Middle
East and North Africa (MENA) region researchers were taken as an example, where the aftermentioned
ethical challenges were discussed among a group of researchers, who were the participants
of an online forum. Discussions and responses of the participants were monitored and were
later qualitatively analyzed.

Results:
Discussions revealed that several ethical challenges, including subjects’ recruitment, the
difficulty of obtaining informed consents, and issues of privacy and confidentiality of obtained data
as information leakage, in this case, will lead to social stigma and isolation of the participants and
their immediate family members. Jordanian social and cultural norms, faith, and the tribal nature of
the population were raised as a major challenge that might face conducting behavioral genetic
studies in the Arab populations of the MENA. The lack of regulation related to the conduction of
genetic studies, misunderstanding, and misuse of genetic information are other challenges. A full
explanation of genetic research and the current and future possible benefits/risks of such research
could be potential solutions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the MENA populations are tackled with major challenges in relation to
conducting research studies in genetics/antisocial behavior field/s. Establishment of guidelines related
to genetic studies, capacity building, increasing public awareness about the importance of genetic
testing, and enhancing responsible conduct of research will facilitate the conduct of such sensitive
studies in the future in the region.
Reduced Contextual Information During Future Thinking in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Antoine Pascal 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
This study assessed the ability of patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) to
produce “when, where, and who” information during future thinking.

Methods:
AD patients and control participants were invited to imagine future scenarios. Future
thinking was analyzed with respect to the number of “when, where, and who” details. Analysis
showed fewer “when, where, and who” details in AD participants than in control participants. Fewer “when” than “where” details and fewer “where” than “who” details were observed in AD and
control participants.

Results:
Production of temporal information in participants with AD was found to be associated
with general cognitive functioning, as assessed with the Mini Mental State Exam. Future thinking
in AD is mainly associated with reduced contextual information.

Conclusion :
The diminished ability to construct time-related details during future thinking in AD
can be mainly associated with the diminished general cognitive ability in AD, and probably with
hippocampal compromise in the disease. We also propose a socio-emotional account according to
which, confronted with a limited-time perspective during future thinking, AD patients may tend to
maximize their emotional well-being by avoiding time-related information and thinking about
friends, family and beloved ones.
Apps for Promoting Children’s Oral Health: Systematic Search in App Stores and Quality Evaluation
Authors: Ho Teresa C Y , McGrath Colman , Yiu Cynthia K Y , Lee Gillian H M 
Published: December 2021

Background
Increasingly, mobile apps are being used to promote oral care. Many of them are aimed at children.

Objective
This study aimed to systematically search and evaluate apps that promote oral care and hygiene for children.

Methods
A broad search strategy (13 keywords) was developed to identify apps from Apple’s App Store and the Google Play Store in April 2019. After reviewing the apps’ titles and summaries, potentially relevant apps were downloaded for viewing. The quality of the apps that met the inclusion criteria was assessed by the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) criteria for medical and health websites and the Scientific Basis of Oral Self-care (SBOSC).

Results
More than 3000 Apps were identified and 54 relevant apps informed the review. The quality of the apps according to the HONcode criteria was generally low. The mean HONcode score was 1.8/8.0. One-quarter of the apps had a HONcode score of 0 (14/54, 26%). The SBOSC score of the apps was evaluated based on a 6-point scale. The mean SBOSC score was 1.5/6.0; 19% (10/54) of the apps had a score of 0. There was a significant and positive correlation between HONcode and SBOSC scores (r=0.37; P<.01). More recently uploaded apps had significantly higher HONcode scores (P<.05).

Conclusions
There are many apps aiming to promote oral self-care among children. The quality and scientific basis of these apps are low. Newer apps are of higher quality in terms of scientific basis. There is a need to ensure high-quality and evidence-based apps are available. The effectiveness of apps in terms of oral care and clinical outcomes among children needs to be evaluated.
Why would you buy an electric car on Jetski Friday? Or, a critique of financial markets from an options trading room
Authors: Soueles Daniel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article presents a close, dialogue-based ethnographic account of a group of contemporary options market makers making a decision about pricing options in Tesla, Inc. Careful attention to their deliberations reveals how the rise of algorithms and automation on financial markets have rendered traders alienated and estranged from the markets they work on for their livelihood. This alienation arises, in part, due to novel cascade effects between futures and underlying equities, which algorithmic and automated trading seems to afford, and which also relate to news events as well as the actions of politicians and prominent business people. Emerging from this alienation, traders produce a critique of how highly automated financial markets allocate capital and how ripe they are for political manipulation.
Riesgos laborales en trabajadores latinoamericanos del sector agrícola: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Matabanchoy-Salazar Johana Madelyn , Díaz-Bambula Fátima 
Published: December 2021

Introducción: Lineamientos establecidos por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), buscan promover alianzas intersectoriales en relación a la salud y seguridad en el trabajo del sector agrícola. Objetivo: Identificar los riesgos laborales y sus consecuencias en la salud de trabajadores de países latinoamericanos a partir de una revisión sistemática en el periodo 2010- 2020. Materiales y métodos: Con base en la guía PRISMA-P, se realizó la búsqueda en tres bases de datos, Scielo, EBSCO y LILACS, con las palabras clave de “salud”, “agrícola” y “agricultura”, en idioma español; “health” “agriculture” y “agricultural” en idioma inglés y “saúde” y “agrícola” para el idioma portugués, con la respectiva definición de criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: Se obtuvo 65 artículos en los que se identificó como riesgo ocupacional (RO) prevalente, el riesgo químico seguido del riesgo ergonómico y biológico (contacto con animales), Brasil y Colombia tienen mayor número de publicaciones en torno al tema. Conclusiones: Se realiza una aproximación a los contextos rurales en relación a riesgos laborales y a su vez con la importancia de comprensión desde una mirada estructural de los determinantes de la salud, los cuales se convierten en desafíos para promover la atención de la salud pública.
The Business Needs that Drove the Emergence of Double Entry: In Defense of Pacioli, again … It is Time to Remove Those Dark Glasses
Authors: Sangster Alan 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Being able to understand how double entry bookkeeping works is a critically important skill for an accountant, but few accounting graduates understand or perform double entry at the level desired. It has always been taught using rules, never by principles. This paper responds to and rejects criticisms published in this journal by Richard Macve. They concern a paper I published in 2018 presenting Luca Pacioli's approach to teaching double entry using a principles-based approach. My response also uses grounded theory to reject Professor Macve's theory concerning the development of double entry by generating an opposing new theory to explain what motivated its emergence. Furthermore, it highlights problems in the use of literature in accounting history and uses theories of pedagogy and studies on teaching double entry to reject his insistence that it should be taught using a balance sheet equation approach. Several other comments/suggestions in his wide-ranging article are addressed.
The Thickness and Opacity of Aesthetic Materials Influence the Restoration of Discolored Teeth
Authors: Durães I , Cavalcanti A , Mathias P 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARYObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of thickness and opacity on the ability of composite resin and ceramic veneer restorations to mask discolored teeth.MethodsNinety veneers were made of lithium disilicate ceramic, shades BL1 and 0 (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent), and 60 were made of composite resin, shade BL-L (IPS Empress Direct, Ivoclar Vivadent). The veneers measured 4 mm in width x 4 mm in length and had a thickness of 0.7, 1.0, or 1.2 mm. One hundred and fifty human premolars were selected to obtain 150 dental fragments with the following dimensions: 4 mm x 4 mm x 3 mm (width x length x thickness). The fragments were discolored, submitted to color measurement and randomly assigned to 15 groups (n=10) according to the type and opacity of the restorative material (IPS e.max Press: high translucency [HT], low translucency [LT], and medium opacity [MO]; IPS Empress Direct: dentin and enamel) and thickness of the veneers (0.7, 1.0, and 1.2 mm). After cementation of the ceramic or composite resin veneers using a translucent resin cement (RelyX veneer, 3M), a final color measurement was taken from each specimen and the total color variation (ΔE) was calculated by subtracting the initial and the final color measurement. The final lightness (L*) of the restored dental fragments was also calculated.ResultsThe highest ΔE values were observed for the LT and MO ceramic groups, followed by dentin composite resin. Regarding the different thicknesses of ceramic veneers, every 1.2-mm–thick group had higher values of ΔE, considering their respective opacities (p&lt;0.05). The highest lightness values were found for the LT and MO ceramic veneers (thickness of 1.2 mm). Dentin-shade composite resins showed similar lightness values in all groups.ConclusionThe best thickness/opacity combinations for masking discolored dental substrates were LT and MO ceramic veneers with 1.2-mm thickness. Dentin-shade composite resin veneers with a thickness of 0.7–1.0 mm showed good ability to mask discolored dental substrates.
Integrated geological-geophysical characterization of the zone of the Kherson—Smolensk transregional tectonic suture — deep long-lived magma- and fluid-conducting channel
Authors: Pashkevich I. K. , Rusakov O. M. 
Published: December 2021

The transregional Kherson—Smolensk suture has been established to be located between large meridional faults of the crystalline crust of the Ukrainian Shield (USh) in a strip of 50—70 km width and separates two microplates of different composition of the Precambrian basement. It is traced by subcrustal mantle heterogeneity in the lithosphere and a change in the relief of the main geodynamic boundary. The suture controls the USh large multiphase magmatic massifs and manifestation of the basic mafic magmatism in the Dniepr-Donets Depressin (DDD), which age decreases from south to north from the Early Proterozoic in the shield to the Devonian in the depression. On both sides of it, the crystalline crust differs in a set of parameters including a zone of low velocities in the area of the Novokonstantinovsky ore field of the USh to the east of the Kherson—Smolensk suture, where from DSS data its maximum thickness is 10—15 km in the upper crust. It appears to bea source of abiogenic hydrogen manifestations recorded by mining operations on this field. The Kherson—Smolensk suture, being a transregional mantle feature, unites the existing hydrocarbon manifestation in the USh with the promising hydrocarbon areas of the DDD. The inhomogeneities of the crystalline crust and the uppermost mantle give strong evidences to classify reasonably the transregional tectonic suture Kherson—Smolensk as a powerful mantle long-lived magmatic and fluid-conducting channel. Ores hows and modern degassing of methane are related to it, with methane beingmain greenhouse gas.