bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmodium falciparum PhIL1 associated complex play an essential role in merozoite reorientation and invasion of host erythrocytes
Authors: Saini Ekta , Sheokand Pradeep Kumar , Sharma Vaibhav , Agrawal Prakhar , Kaur Inderjeet , Singh Shailja , Mohmmed Asif , Malhotra Pawan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum possess a unique gliding machinery referred as glideosome that powers its entry into the insect and vertebrate hosts. A number of parasite proteins including Photosensitized INA-labelled protein 1 (PhIL1) have been shown to associate with glideosome machinery. Here we describe a novel PhIL1 associated protein complex that co-exists with glideosome motor complex in the inner membrane complex of the merozoite. Furthermore, using experimental genetics approach we characterized the role(s) of three proteins associated with PhIL1: a glideosome associated protein- PfGAPM2, an IMC structural protein- PfALV5 and a previously uncharacterised protein - referred here as PfPhIP (PhIL1 Interacting Protein). Parasites lacking PfPhIP or PfGAPM2 were unable to invade the host RBCs. Additionally, the down regulation of PfPhIP resulted in significant defects in merozoite segmentation. Furthermore, the PfPhIP and PfGAPM2 depleted parasites revealed abrogation of reorientation/gliding, however initial attachment with host RBCs was not affected in these parasites. Together, the data presented here shows that proteins of the PhIL1 associated complex plays an important role in orientation of P. falciparum merozoites following initial attachment, which is crucial for formation of tight junction and hence invasion of host erythrocytes. The identification and characterization of PhIL1 associated complex opens new avenues for future anti-malarial drug development.
Comparison of chitosan based nano-adsorbents for dairy industry wastewater treatment through response surface methodology and artificial neural network models
Authors: Dinesha B. L. , Hiregoudar Sharanagouda , Nidoni Udaykumar , Ramappa K. T. , Dandekar Anilkumar , Ravi M. V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The present investigation was focused to compare chitosan based nano-adsorbents (CZnO and CTiO2) for efficient treatment of dairy industry wastewater using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models. The nano-adsorbents were synthesized using chemical precipitation method and characterized by using scanning electron microscope with elemental detection sensor (SEM-EDS) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Maximum %RBOD (96.71 and 87.56%) and %RCOD (90.48 and 82.10%) for CZnO and CTiO2 nano-adsorbents were obtained at adsorbent dosage of 1.25 mg/L, initial biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of 100 and 200 mg/L, pH of 7.0 and 2.00, contact time of 100 and 60 min, respectively. The results obtained for both the nano-adsorbents were subject to RSM and ANN models for determination of goodness of fit in terms of sum of square errors (SSE), root mean square error (RMSE), R2 and Adj. R2, respectively. The well trained ANN model was found superior over RSM in prediction of the treatment effect. Hence, the developed CZnO and CTiO2 nano-adsorbents could be effectively used for dairy industry wastewater treatment.
Comparison of the photocatalytic efficacy and environmental impact of CdS, ZnFe2O4, and NiFe2O4 under visible light irradiation
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Masten Susan J. , Esfahanian Elaheh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Three photocatalysts (CdS, ZnFe2O4, and NiFe2O4) were synthesized and their ability to photodegrade methylene blue (MB) was evaluated. MB was degraded by both spinel photocatalysts under visible light at room temperature, although their efficacy was less than that for CdS. The photocatalytic efficacies of NiFe2O4 were observed to be much greater than that for ZnFe2O4. All the synthesized nanoparticles absorbed visible light, while CdS had a larger absorption range within the visible light spectra and the most porous surface. Photo-deactivation was observed during the study, which could be due to the chemical adsorption of the degraded products on the catalyst surface. The factors that affected MB removal efficacy include the absorption range of photocatalysts, initial MB concentrations, amount of photocatalysts added, and photoreactor conditions. Life cycle analysis was used to compare the preparation methods of the photocatalysts in terms of energy consumption and environmental impact. The results showed that the hydrothermal method for NiFe2O4 preparation was less energy-intensive than the sol-gel method for CdS and ZnFe2O4 as the hydrothermal method is effective over a wider range of temperatures in aqueous media. Also, as ZnFe2O4, and NiFe2O4 have lower environmental impacts than CdS both show promise as photocatalysts.
Support vector machines for oil classification link with polyaromatic hydrocarbon contamination in the environment
Authors: Ismail Azimah , Juahir Hafizan , Mohamed Saiful Bahri , Toriman Mohd Ekhwan , Kassim Azlina Md. , Zain Sharifuddin Md. , Monajemi Hadieh , Ahmad Wan Kamaruzaman Wan , Zali Munirah Abdul , Retnam Ananthy , Taib Mohd. Zaki Mohd. , Mokhtar Mazlin , Abdullah Siti Nor Fazillah 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe main focus of this study is exploring the spatial distribution of polyaromatics hydrocarbon links between oil spills in the environment via Support Vector Machines based on Kernel-Radial Basis Function (RBF) approach for high precision classification of oil spill type from its sample fingerprinting in Peninsular Malaysia. The results show the highest concentrations of Σ Alkylated PAHs and Σ EPA PAHs in ΣTAH concentration in diesel from the oil samples PP3_liquid and GP6_Jetty achieving 100% classification output, corresponding to coherent decision boundary and projective subspace estimation. The high dimensional nature of this approach has led to the existence of a perfect separability of the oil type classification from four clustered oil type components; i.e diesel, bunker C, Mixture Oil (MO), lube oil and Waste Oil (WO) with the slack variables of ξ ≠ 0. Of the four clusters, only the SVs of two are correctly predicted, namely diesel and MO. The kernel-RBF approach provides efficient and reliable oil sample classification, enabling the oil classification to be optimally performed within a relatively short period of execution and a faster dataset classification where the slack variables ξ are non-zero.
Decreased lncRNA SNHG16 Accelerates Oxidative Stress Induced Pathological Angiogenesis in Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Regulating miR-195/mfn2 Axis
Authors: Zhang Rui , Ma Xiaoying , Jiang Lei , Xia Wenzhen , Li Haipeng , Zhao Na , Cui Ximing , Zhang Nan , Zhou Huimin , Xu Shunjiang 
Published: February 2021

Background:
This study was performed to identify the alterations of Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) induced
by oxidative stress and investigate the functional roles of SNHG16 in the pathological angiogenesis by human retinal
microvascular endothelial cells (HMRECs).

Methods:
The expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs induced by oxidative stress were identified by
RNA-Seq, and the dysregulation of 16 lncRNAs including SNHG16 was verified in H2O2-treated human umbilical
vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Luciferase reporter assay and RIP analysis were used to investigate the
binding relationship of SNHG16 to miR-195.

Results:
We confirmed that over-expression of SNGH16 attenuated H2O2-induced angiogenesis by HMRECs.
In addition, SNHG16 was significantly decreased, whereas miR-195, a predictive target of SNHG16, was upregulated
in H2O2, HG, and AGE-treated HMRECs. The binding relationship of SNHG16 to miR-195 was subsequently
verified by luciferase reporter assay and RIP analysis. SNHG16 cotransfection abolished miR-195-mediated
repression on mitofusin 2 (mfn2) protein level and counteracted the inductive effect of miR-195 on angiogenesis
by HMRECs.

Conclusion:
These results indicated that decreased SNHG16 accelerates oxidative stress-induced pathological
angiogenesis in HMRECs by regulating the miR-195/mfn2 axis, providing a potential target for diabetic retinopathy
(DR) therapy.
Dual Functionality of Choline Hydroxide for the Dakin Reaction
Authors: Joo Seong-Ryu , Kim Seung-Hoi 
Published: February 2021

:
A facile synthetic approach to Dakin oxidation utilizing green conditions was demonstrated. A combination of
hydrogen peroxide and aqueous choline hydroxide in cooperation with various hydroxyl aryl aldehydes and ketones was
used to provide the corresponding dihydric aromatic compounds. The whole procedure was conducted at ambient temperature in an aerobic environment. The scope of ChOH/H2O2 platform was also investigated, showing that the reactivity of the
present platform was highly dependent on the position of the hydroxy group of the aromatic ring.
Chiral Polymorphic Hydrazine-based Asymmetric Liquid Crystal Trimers with Resorcinol as Linking Group
Authors: Goh Yit-Peng , Yam Wan-Sinn , Yip Foo-Win , Hegde Gurumurthy 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
This is the first report on chiral polymorphic hydrazine-based asymmetric liquid crystal
trimers, 1-[4'-(4''-(5-Cholesteryloxy)carbonyl)butyloxy]-3-[N-benzylideneoxy-N'-(4'''-decyloxybenzylidene) hydrazine]
butyloxybenzenes, and 1-[4'-(4''-(10-cholesteryloxy)carbonyl)nonyloxy]-3-[N-benzylideneoxy-N'-(4'''-
decyloxybenzylidene)hydrazine]butyloxybenzenes., in which the hydrazine and cholesterol arms were connected
via two flexible methylene spacers (n = 3-12 units and m = 4 or 9, respectively) to the central resorcinol core.

Materials and Methods:
FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and CHN microanalysis were used to elucidate
the structures of the trimers. Differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction
were used to study the transitional and phase properties of the trimers, which were length and spacer parity
dependent. Trimers with short spacer length in the cholesteryl arm, m = 4 showed an interesting phase sequence
of BP/N*-TGBA*-SmA*.

Results and Discussion:
The TGBA* phase was sensitive to spacer length as it was only observed in trimers with
short ester linkage. For the long analogues, m = 9, characteristic visible reflection and a much simpler phase sequence
with only N* and SmA* phases were observed.

Conclusion:
The X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that layer periodicities of the SmA* phase were approximately
half the estimated all-trans molecular length (d/L ≈ 0.44-0.52), thus suggesting that the molecules
are either strongly intercalated or bent.
Cluster Analysis of Coronavirus Sequences using Computational Sequence
Descriptors: With Applications to SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2
(CoVID-19)
Authors: Vračko Marjan , Basak Subhash C. , Dey Tathagata , Nandy Ashesh 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Coronaviruses comprise a group of enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that infect humans
as well as a wide range of animals. The study was performed on a set of 573 sequences belonging to SARS,
MERS and SARS-CoV-2 (CoVID-19) viruses. The sequences were represented with alignment-free sequence
descriptors and analyzed with different chemometric methods: Euclidean/Mahalanobis distances, principal component
analysis and self-organizing maps (Kohonen networks). We report the cluster structures of the data. The
sequences are well-clustered regarding the type of virus; however, some of them show the tendency to belong
to more than one virus type.

Background:
This is a study of 573 genome sequences belonging to SARS, MERS and
SARS-CoV-2 (CoVID-19) coronaviruses.

Objective:
The aim was to compare the virus sequences, which originate from different places
around the world.

Methods:
The study used alignment free sequence descriptors for the representation of sequences
and chemometric methods for analyzing clusters.

Results:
Majority of genome sequences are clustered with respect to the virus type, but some of
them are outliers.

Conclusion:
We indicate 71 sequences, which tend to belong to more than one cluster.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-Carboxamide Derivatives as Novel Anti-Prostate Cancer Agents
Authors: Chen Xin , Xu Changqing , Li Yuxia , Duan Xiaoming , Zhao Guisen 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The Androgen Receptor (AR) signaling functionis a critical driving force for the progression
of Prostate Cancer (PCa) to bring about anti-prostate cancer agents, and AR has been proved to be an
effective therapeutic target even for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC). Objective: In order to discover
novel anti-prostate cancer agents, we performed structural modifications based on the lead compounds T3
and 10e.

Methods:
A set of 1-methyl- 1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their
inhibitory activities against both expressions of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) and growth of PCa cell lines.

Results:
Compound H24 was found to be able to completely block PSA expression at 10μM, and showed
prominent antiproliferative activity in both the LNCaP cell line (GI50 = 7.73μM) and PC-3 cell line (GI50 =
7.07μM).

Conclusions:
These preliminary data supported a further evaluation of compound H24 as a potential agent to
treat prostate cancer.
Challenges of Covid-19 on Adolescent Psychiatric Service Provision in an Independent Inpatient and Outpatient Setting
Authors: Bond Laura , Murtagh Aileen , Morgan Sophia 
Published: February 2021

Background:
COVID-19 is one of the most challenging and devastating
public health emergencies we have experienced in our lifetimes. There is a growing
concern that the pandemic and its imposed public health restrictions may be
harming a generation of young people. This article concerns child and adolescent
psychiatry as there is already a mismatch between resources and demand.

Method:
This paper will outline the day to day working challenges encountered by
the SPMHS adolescent service, staff, and patients in the initial months of the
COVID-19 crisis and some of the strategies implemented to deal with these.

Discussion:
In St. Patrick’s University Hospital in Ireland, significant challenges in
the adolescent service were encountered in the initial months of the COVID-19
crisis. These included the cessation of face-to-face patient interactions, therapeutic
leave and visiting restrictions, school closure, social restrictions, difficulties in
organizing medical appointments and investigations, family stress and increased
workload for staff. Strategies including telepsychiatry have enabled the delivery of
an efficient and accessible adolescent service during this crisis.

Conclusion:
Future research is required to analyse how best we can support
children and adolescents during COVID-19, particularly those with existing mental
illness is crucial.
Neurovirulence of SARS CoV2: From Clinical Data to Preclinical Neuropsychological
Exploration
Authors: Kadil Youness , Filali Houda 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
COVID-19 pandemic represents a major health issue, caused by SARS CoV2, a Human
coronavirus. Since the outbreak of this pandemic, the literature on SARS CoV-2 has grown differentially, with increased
awareness of extra-respiratory symptoms, including neurological symptoms.

Methods:
Review based on studies published in the period extending through December 2019 to June 2020.

Results and Discussion:
This review raises the neurological aspect of SARS CoV2 including the suggested mechanism
been involved. Increasingly, neurological disorders are being cited in addition to emerging experimental models with viral
involvement.

Conclusion:
There is a need for further investigation to clarify how it can lead to the onset of acute and chronic neurological
disorders, mentioning the importance of the experimental studies in neuropsychopharmacology.
Analisis Kadar Merkuri, Derajat Keasaman dan Faktor Risiko Kesehatan Pada Penambang Emas Tanpa Izin di Kecamatan Cempaka
Authors: Indah Meilya Farika , Agustina Norsita 
Published: February 2021

Cempaka District is the largest traditional gold mining site in South Kalimantan Province. The purpose of this study was to identify levels of mercury (Hg), degree of acidity (pH) and health risk factors (age, years of service and completeness of PPE) in PETI workers in Cempaka District. The method used in this research is an observational method which is quantitative in nature with a cross-pontong approach, with a proportional difference test method. Sampling was carried out in the upstream and downstream areas. Measurement of water mercury levels was measured by means of Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) at the Industrial Research and Standardization Center (BARISTAND) in Banjarbaru City. As for the health risk factor variables using the method of observation and interviews with a questionnaire. The research sample was 40 active PETI workers. The results showed that the quality of water with mercury content exceeds the threshold, for the parameter of acidity (pH) within the norm limit of 6-9. Meanwhile, for health risk factors, PETI workers are mostly old, have worked ≥ 5 years and do not completely use PPE. Suggestions are to pay attention not to dispose of waste mercury (Hg) content into rivers. Keywords : Mercury levels ( Hg ); degrees acidity ( pH ); health risk factors; the workers
Abstrak Kecamatan Cempaka merupakan tempat penambangan emas tradisional yang terbesar di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi besar kadar merkuri (Hg), derajat keasaman (pH) dan faktor risiko kesehatan (Umur, masa kerja dan kelengkapan APD) pada pekerja PETI di Kecamatan Cempaka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode observasional yang bersifat kuantitatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang, dengan metode uji-beda proporsi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada daerah hulu dan hilir. Pengukuran kadar merkuri air diukur dengan alat Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) di Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri (BARISTAND) di Kota Banjarbaru. Sedangkan untuk variabel faktor risiko kesehatan menggunakan metode pengamatan dan wawancara dengan kuosioner. Sampel penelitian adalah pekerja PETI yang aktif sebanyak 40 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas air dengan kandungan kadar merkuri melebihi ambang batas, untuk parameter derajat keasaman (pH) dalam batas norma sebesar 6-9. Sedangkan untuk faktor risiko kesehatan, pekerja PETI lebih banyak berumur tua , masa kerja ≥ 5 tahun dan tidak lengkap menggunakan APD. Saran untuk memperhatikan untuk tidak membuang limbah kandungan kadar merkuri (Hg) ke aliran sungai. Kata kunci : Kadar Merkuri (Hg); Derajat Keasaman (pH); Faktor Risiko kesehatan; Pekerja PETI
Upaya dan Peran ASEAN dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Laut China Selatan
Authors: Hermawan Bangun Budi 
Published: February 2021

This research examines the role of ASEAN as a regional organization, in handling South China Sea (SCS) disputes and the problems faced by ASEAN as a community in handling SCS disputes with the substance of the legal issues to be studied in this research, this research is designed as a non-doctrinal legal research which is supported by secondary data. All research results are sought to relate to one another by using deduction and induction reasoning and then the existing legal materials are analyzed qualitatively so that the conclusions are generated to provide prescriptions. In accordance The research results explain that ASEAN's role in handling SCS disputes lies in ASEAN's ability as a regional organization to try to ensure that SCS dispute resolution is carried out through diplomatic mechanisms, compliance with international law and avoiding the use of force that reflects the implementation of the "ASEAN Way"
Community Based Tourism dalam Menyongsong New Normal Desa Wisata Bali
Authors: Eka Krisna Yanti A.A. Istri 
Published: February 2021

This research is entitled "Community Based Tourism in Welcoming the New Normal Tourism Village in Bali Province". This research was motivated by the economic crisis that occurred in Bali Province, due to the outbreak of the corona virus. For the Province of Bali, tourism is the leading sector of the Balinese economy because the majority of Balinese people depend on the tourism industry directly or indirectly. The outbreak of the corona virus throughout the world has caused countries in the world to implement various policies to limit the space for their people, which have implications for the decline in tourism activities in Bali. Bali has 116 Tourism Villages which are now excellent tourist destinations amid the Covid- 19 pandemic. Tourist villages offer natural beauty more ideally visited in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic compared to other tourist destinations. However, it turns out that until now the local government of the province of Bali has not had a norm in the formation of a tourist village, which implies difficulties in developing a Tourism Village, so it is necessary to construct norms that specifically regulate tourism villages by implementing the concept of community based tourism that promotes community participation. The formulation of the problem in this study, namely; 1. What is the authority of the Regional Government in developing the Tourism Village in Bali Province? 2. How is the development of a tourism village based on the concept of community based tourism in welcoming the new normal of Bali tourism? In this study, it is known that the local government of the province of Bali has the authority to construct tourism village norms as a guideline for organizing tourist villages in Bali Province. The provincial government of Bali is expected to form a Regional Regulation as a guideline for regencies / cities in developing tourist villages so that they can realize the tourism implementation objectives contained in article 4 of Law no. 10 of 2009 concerning Tourism.