bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VAMANA KARMA IN SHALAKYA TANTRA - A LITERARY REVIEW
Authors: WAGHMARE GANGAPRASAD ANANTRAO , Suru Prashant A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract -
Vamana Karma, also known as â€œmedical emesisâ€ or â€œmedical vomitingâ€, is one of the five Procedures of Panchakarma which is used in treatment of Kaphaj disorders. Panchakarma procedure is the most essential part of Ayurveda treatments. In Ayurved diseases of Ear,Nose,Throat & Head And Eye And their Management are studied in Branch Which is Called as Shalakya Tantra.
Now a days Shalakya (ENT & Ophthalmic) Diseases are Major Concerned Because patient does not want to go for surgical procedure. Looking towards Ayurved, there are lot of Panchakarma Procedures Advocated for Shalakya (ENT & Ophthalmic) disorders. Among this Panchakarma Procedure Vaman Karma (medical emesis) is the Primary Procedure.

Key Words- Vaman procedure/ Karma, Panchakarma,Shalakya Tantra, Medical emesis or Vomiting ,Kaphaj disorders,Ayurvedic Management for ENT & Ophthalmic Diseases.
Management of kitibha kustha (Psoriasis)â€“a case study
Authors: Mane Sandeep gorakh , Mane Bhavana sandeep 
Published: April 2021

Today is HD (high definition)mobile era .peoples are more conscious about their health and skin also though multimedia .Usually 10-15% cases present before general practitioners are pertaining to skin diseases. Due to altered life style, lack of physical exercise, unhygienic, mental stress, over eating, nutrition deficiency ,more radiation skin diseases are commonly observed. Psoriasis is chronic disorder which is commonly encountered in day todayâ€™s clinical practices. It is one of the more discussing issues having social importance. Increased stress ,inorganic food materials and sedentary life style are main predisposing factor which is accounting for wide spared prevalence of this disease. All the skin diseases in Ayurveda have been discussed under the broad heading of Kushta, which are further divided into Mahakustha and Kshudra Kushta. This is a case study of Kitibha Kushta (Psoriasis) treated with the Ayurvedic principles in particular Shodhana Chikitsa and shaman chikitsa.
Conceptual study of Ranjak pitta on the basis of modern science parameters
Authors: Metake Ajit Dattatray 
Published: April 2021

Background: Aim of this study, is to correlate the ayurvedic concept of ranjak pitta with its modern science counterpart. Methods: analysis of ranjak pitta according to ayurvedic literature and comparing or correlating it with similar functional modern science parameter with the help of modern science literature. Ranjak pitta is type of pitta who with help of rasa dhatvagni (type of metabolic power) colours rasa dhatu (plasma) red to convert it in rakta dhatu(blood). Discussion: After analysing both ayurvedic and modern science literature the action of ranjak pitta stated in ayurvedic texts can be correlated to combine action of ferrochelatase, apotransferrin, transferrin, apoferritin, ferritin. Conclusion: Combine action of ferrochelatase, transferrin, apotransferrin, ferritin, apoferritin is similar to action of ranjak pitta, hence they can be considered as single acting principle.
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE RELATION BETWEEN STATUS OF JATHARAGNI AND SHAREERIKA BALA
Authors: Lone Dharmaraj Nagorao 
Published: April 2021

Agni in impartial state is the important factor for maintaining the health, Agni is required for the proper digestion of food and nourishment of the body tissues, so agni can be considered as symbol of life. Bala is the physical and mental strength of individual.
Jatharagni is chief among panch bhutagni and sapta dhatvagni. Agnibala & shareerika bala varies in respective rutu as in varsha & greeshma it is avara, in vasanta & sharad is madhyama and in hemanta & shishira is pravara.
The last seven days of a previous season and the first seven days of the next season called as rutusandhi. During rutusandhi the nature of dosha, jatharagni & shareerika bala is unstable. So study was undertaken to evaluate the relation between status of Jatharagni and Shareerika bala.
OBJECTIVES

To establish relationship between Jatharagni & shareerika bala in ritusandhi kala (vasanta- greeshma and sharad hemanta).
To evaluate status of Jatharagni in ritusandhi kala viz. Vasanta & Greeshma (Adanakala) and Sharad & Hemanta (Visargakala).
To evaluate the status of shareerika bala in ritusandhi kala viz. Vasanta & Greeshma (Adanakala) and Sharad & Hemanta (Visargakala).

METHODS
Healthy 150 volunteers were selected for the study in both vasanta- greeshma and sharad- hemanta rutusandhi and jatharagni bala & shareerika bala was assessed.
RESULTS
Results show significant relation between jatharagni bala and shareerika bala in vasanta greeshma & sharad- hemanta rutusandhi.
INERPRETATION/CONCLUSION
Somers d test & spearmanâ€™s correlation test was performed to determine the relation between jatharagni bala and shareerika bala in vasanta greeshma & sharad hemanta rutusandhi. Majority of subjects prevailed with Madhyama jatharagni bala & shareerika bala. It indicates positive correlation between the jatharagni bala and shareerika bala.
Keyword: Jatharagni, Rutusandhi, Shareerika bala.
P PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TiO2-POWDER TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COD PADA LIMBAH SINTETIS C.I. REACTIVE RED 2 DENGAN METODE FOTOKATALISIS
Authors: Sari Melati Ireng 
Published: April 2021

Berkembangnya industri Tekstil di Indonesia, berdampak dengan meningkatnya penggunaan berbagai zat warna. Zat warna sintetis masih mendominasi penggunaannya karena memiliki banyak keunggulan antara lain harganya murah, mudah diperoleh dan variasi warnya banyak. Namun, penggunaan zat warna sintetis dapat menimbulkan dampak yang serius bagi lingkungan, karena zat warna sintetis sulit terurai di alam khususnya kadar Chemical Oxide Demand (COD). Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah penelitian untuk mengurangi kadar COD tersebut menggunakan Titanium Oksida (TiO2) bubuk dengan metode fotokatalisis. Konsentrasi zat warna C.I. Reactive Red 2 yang digunakan adalah 150 ppm dan 300 ppm dengan 2 g/l, 4g/l, dan 6 g/l katalis TiO2. Analisa COD menggunakan metode Ferri Amonium Sulfat (FAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penuruan kadar COD tertinggi terjadi pada jam ke-12 penyinaran pada 150 ppm limbah sintetis menggunakan 6 g/l yaitu sebesar 59%.
E ESTIMASI KETIDAKPASTIAN DARI PENGUKURAN NILAI VISKOSITAS KINEMATIK (VK) PELUMAS BERDASARKAN STANDAR ASTM D 445 PADA TEMPERATUR 40 °C DAN 100 °C DI LABORATORIUM PELUMAS PUSAT PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI (PPPTMGB) LEMIGAS
Authors: Anggraini Ineke Febrina 
Published: April 2021

Pelumas adalah suatu bahan yang berfungsi untuk mencegah atau mengurangi keausan antara dua permukaan benda bergerak yang saling bergesekan. Untuk memberikan perlindungan pada bagian yang bergerak, pelumas harus memenuhi standar spesifikasi salah satunya adalah viskositas. Tujuan percobaan ini adalah mengukur viskositas kinematik pelumas, menghitung rentang nilai benar dari setiap pengukuran nilai viskositas kinematik pada sampel pelumas sesuai dengan standar ASTM D 445 pada temperatur 40 °C dan 100 °C. Perhitungan Estimasi ketidakpastian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu menentukan model matematis dari pengukuran, mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber ketidakpastian, menghitung ketidakpastian dari sumber-sumber ketidakpastian dan menentukan ketidakpastian diperluas pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Dimana nilai ketidakpastian yang diperoleh dari Viskositas kinematik dengan kode 1220 pada 40 °C sebesar ± 0.0080 cSt. Viskositas kinematik dengan kode 1220 pada 100 °C sebesar ± 0.106 cSt. Viskositas Kinematik dengan kode 1218 pada 40 °C sebesar ± 0.0054 cSt. Viskositas kinematik dengan kode 1218 pada 40 °C sebesar ± 0.0842 cSt.
p PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN METODE KOAGULASI, FENTON DAN ADSORPSI
Authors: Sari Dian Kurnia , Nopitasari Nopitasari 
Published: April 2021

Limbah rumah sakit mengandung mikroorganisme patogen, bahan kimia beracun yang menimbulkan penyakit infeksi, bahan yang susah diurai, radioaktif yang dapat menyebabkan polusi dan masalah kesehatan. Keberadaan rumah sakit yang dekat dengan lingkungan masyarakat dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan akibat limbah dibuang ke lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari variabel–variabel yanng berpengaruh terhadap penurunan pencemar seperti BOD, COD dan TSS pada limbah cair rumah sakit sehingga sesuai baku mutu lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga metode :1) metode koagulasi dengan koagulan tawas (1.000, 1.250, 1.500, 1.750 dan 2.000 ppm). 2) penambahan reagen fenton. 3) adsorbsi menggunakan karbon aktif dengan laju alir 80, 110 dan 140 mL/menit dan tinggi unggun 30, 40 dan 50 cm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan konsentrasi tawas yang optimum adalah 1750 ppm dengan efisiensi penurunan BOD 58,9 %, COD 55,3 % dan TSS 69,2 %, dengan penambahan fenton efisiensi penurunan BOD 75 %, COD 51 % dan TSS 46 % dan pada karbon aktif kondisi paling optimum dengan variasi laju alir 80 mL/menit dan tinggi karbon 50 cm, efisiensi penurunan BOD 75,11 %, COD 72,69 dan TSS 80,65 %.
P PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK MELALUI FERMENTASI
Authors: Pratiwi Indah 
Published: April 2021

Kulit pisang kepok selama ini hanya dianggap sebagai salah satu limbah industri rumah tangga yang belum termanfaatkan dengan baik. Komposisi terbanyak kedua kulit pisang kepok adalah karbohidrat 18,50% dimana karbohidrat dapat dikonversi menjadi glukosa yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat bioethanol dari kulit pisang kepok dengan variasi waktu fermentasi dan penambahan starter. Pada penelitian ini kulit pisang kepok dihidrolisis dengan mengunakan HCl 5% pada suhu 100oC selama 60 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu fermentasi maka semakin banyak etanol yang dihasilkan.Pada variasi waktu fermentasi diperoleh waktu terbaik fermentasi pada waktu 7 hari dengan kadar etanol 40 % sebanyak 34 ml.
The Core Tenets of The Islamic Tradition of Bosniaks: attitudes, perceptions and practices
Authors: Kulanić Ahmed 
Published: April 2021

This article aims to give an overview study of the main specific tenets of the Islamic tradition of Bosniak Muslims as defined and institutionalized by the traditional Islamic Community in Bosnia.
Also, it attempts to shed light on current perceptions, attitudes and practices in the context of an overall pre-Ottoman and post-Ottoman religious tradition of the Bosniak people known historically as Bono Homini (“the Good People”). The article provides a survey on the Bosniak Muslims in regard to their Islamic tradition in Bosnia with the purpose to reveal whether there are regional, gender and age differences among them in terms of their religious beliefs and practices. In doing so, the author was assisted by the authors in this area such as Ćimić, Karčić and Alibašić.
An Analysis of the Use of Terminological Determinants “Art of Islam”
Authors: Akšamija Mehmed 
Published: April 2021

This article follows from the previously published paper and pertains to a distinctive phenomenological analysis of the structure/form and the production of the modality of miniature/illumination/pictorial representation, namely the productive-reflective orientation of homo islamicus with a separate analysis of his profanely-aestheticized discourse of action/arrangement/design.
A particular attention is paid to the paradigm of reduction, i.e. to a possible transformation of the cognitive and productive-reflective orientation by means of denaturalization/ stylization, as well as to the analysis of the status of homo islamicus's paradigmatic and predefined position within both the profane-cognitive and recognitive-sacral production. The characterization of his work and his fulfillment of religious life within the aesteticized discourse of qadar/ṣināʿat was also used to discuss the opposition to the occidental academic approach/understanding, imposed by the inappropriate need to reduce any form of creative action to common Western denominators. Substance of the emergence of creative action is theoretically elaborated by means of the cognitive discourse of qadar/ṣināʿat, together with activating figurality on the idea of the closed concept of the collaborative-cognitive practice. The expansion of theoretical discourse allowed the presence of a new view on the religious-aesthetic philosophy and associated terms, respecting the specifics deriving from the basic traditional interpretations of the Islamic forms of aestheticized orientation. This brief analysis is intended to initiate a discussion on the issues of theoretical and historical other part of the „history of arts“ and „artistic production“ in the critical framework of both occidental and Islamic attitudes/views. This brief analysis is intended to initiate a discussion on the issues of theoretical and historical other part of the „history of arts“ and „artistic production“ in the critical framework of both occidental and Islamic attitudes/views. At the same time, it will contribute to a possible fundamental discourse for defining the expression homo islamicus's Islamic creative action' as an academic field within a broader discipline entitled as the „history of arts“.
Harmonization of the Human Heart, Mind and Hand
Authors: Cerić Mustafa 
Published: April 2021

The focus of this article is a reflection on the nature of the human heart (al-qalb), human mind (al-‘aql) and human hand (al-yad). The heart is the place of emotion - love or hate; the mind is the place of thought - right or wrong; the hand is the tool of power – justice or injustice. So, the question may be asked, what is the tipping scale for the heart from love to hate; what makes the mind to think right or wrong; and what causes the hand to do justice or injustice?
Then, what is the role of faith/religion in harmonizing the human heart, mind and hand? How can the Sīrah, the way of the life of the messenger of God, teach the human heart to love, the human mind to thing right and the human hand to act justly? What can man learn from the parallel lives and trials of the early aṣḥāb, the Prophet’s companions, and their immediate tābi’ūn, the followers? Here, the article introduces the way of life of two aṣḥāb: ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbās and Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal and one tābi‘un: Al-Qāḍī Shuraikh ibn Al-Ḥārith Al-Kindī, to show that the heart is not a pump that drives the blood, but it is the blood of love that drives the heart to love; that the mind is not a vessel to be filled, but the light to be kindled; and that the hand is not a tool to be abused, but a means to be used for justice. The author aims to open the way for a critique of the pure faith of Muslims. Indeed, the Muslims need to examine their faith in a serious way to find out the right exit from the current crisis of the relationship between their heart, mind and hand. Where is the pure faith of Muslims? Is it in their heart only? Is it in their mind only? Is it in their hand only? How can the Muslims connect these three into a coherent whole for the good of humanity? The good examples from the Sīrah might provide us with the right answer to these questions provided that the Muslims open their hearts, employ their minds and educate their hands. This article is trying to guide them to that direction.
A concrete proposal to upgrade the Dayton Peace Agreement
Authors: Kriještorac Mirsad 
Published: April 2021

Most observers of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s political situation have focused only on the problems that the Dayton Peace Accord created for the normal functioning of this Southeastern European state, but a workable solution is yet to be proposed.
The Accord achieved peace by blocking any ability for effective governing and by diminishing the Bosnian state capacity through an excessive dispersion of power with an uncommon constitutional focus on internationalism, and an erroneous type of pluralism that undermines the normal functioning of a democracy. The solution for these problems is to be found by adjusting the procedural selection of the United Nations High Representative, who is the primary actor directly responsible for the implementation of the Accord, both in terms of the letter and intent of the document, and this paper explains how that change can be made and what problems it will resolve.
Toward an Ecological View of Musical Creativity for Music Educators
Authors: Rinsema Rebecca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
I propose an ecological model of musical creativity based on recent developments in the philosophy of perception. Built in response to Peter Webster’s 2002 model of musical creativity, the ecological model incorporates digital composition/production and improvisation, alongside the more common school music creativities: listening, playing, composing, and conducting. I suggest that music educators foster musical creativity by providing opportunities for students to engage with the proposed enactive and representational categories of musical creativity.
The Place Where Things Fall Apart: The World from Inside a Fragment
Authors: Goldstein Diane E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNarratives of traumatic or supernatural experience and other stories of fright and awe frequently have moments of breakdown in fluency, where otherwise articulate performance is replaced by hesitation, fragmentation, or other signs of untellability. Broken or partial sentences, however, can be seen as framing mechanisms highlighting moments of narrative significance. This paper explores the potential for understanding moments of breakdown not as unintelligible fragmentation but as markers of heightened meaning and import. Looked at topically and across similar narratives told by a variety of narrators may provide new ways of understanding fragmentation as narrative framing.
Mapping and Assessment of Evapotranspiration over Different Land-Use/Land-Cover Types in Arid Ecosystem
Authors: G. Biro Turk Khalid , I. Zeineldin Faisal , M. Alghannam Abdulrahman 
Published: April 2021

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an essential process for defining the mass and energy relationship between soil, crop and atmosphere. This study was conducted in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia, to estimate the actual daily, monthly and annual evapotranspiration (ETa) for different land-use systems using Landsat-8 satellite data during the year 2017/2018. Initially, six land-use and land-cover (LULC) types were identified, namely: date palm, cropland, bare land, urban land, aquatic vegetation, and open water bodies. The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) supported by climate data was used to compute the ETa. The SEBAL model outputs were validated using the FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO P-M) method coupled with field observation. The results showed that the annual ETa values varied between 800 and 1400 mm.year−1 for date palm, 2000 mm.year−1 for open water and 800 mm.year−1 for croplands. The validation measure showed a significant agreement level between the SEBAL model and the FAO P-M method with RMSE of 0.84, 0.98 and 1.38 mm.day−1 for date palm, open water and cropland respectively. The study concludes that the ETa produced from the satellite data and the SEBAL model is useful for water resource management under arid ecosystem of the study area.
Contextes territoriaux et perceptions de l’immigration : ethnocentrisme et contact dans trois régions du Québec1
Authors: Turgeon Luc , Bilodeau Antoine 
Published: April 2021

Comment les résident·e·s de régions distinctes du Québec expriment-il·elle·s leurs opinions face à l’immigration ? Et quelles sont les sources de telles perceptions dans chacun de ces contextes territoriaux ? Cet article explore ces questions par l’entremise d’une analyse de huit groupes de discussion organisés à Montréal, sur la Rive-Nord de Montréal et dans le Bas-Saint-Laurent en décembre 2017. Nous présentons deux principales conclusions. Premièrement, les discours sur l’immigration sont beaucoup plus négatifs en banlieue de Montréal que dans le Bas-Saint-Laurent ou encore Montréal. Deuxièmement, nous interprétons les différences régionales comme le fruit de l’interaction relativement unique entre l’ethnocentrisme et les expériences de contact dans chacun des contextes territoriaux.
Ergonomic working posture in simulated dental clinical conditions: effect of magnification on the operator’s experience
Authors: Wajngarten Danielle , Pazos Júlia Margato , Garcia Patricia Petromilli Nordi Sasso 
Published: April 2021

Objectives
This study observed the effect of different magnification systems on working posture and neck angulation during cavity preparation procedures according to operator’s experience.

Methods
This was a laboratory study. The response variables were the neck angulation and the working posture adopted during Class I cavity preparations (N = 640) that were performed under four conditions (unaided visualization, simple loupe, Galilean loupe and Keplerian loupe). Working postures were recorded and evaluated by the Compliance Assessment of Dental Ergonomic Posture Requirements (CADEP). The two-factor ANOVA and Games-Howell post-hoc test were performed (α = 0.05).

Results
For all treated teeth it was observed higher posture scores and lowest neck angulations while using the Galilean and Keplerian loupes (p < 0.01). No correlations were found between operator’s experience and working posture (p = 0.71–0.88).

Conclusion
It can be concluded that Galilean and Keplerian loupes helped operators to maintain an ergonomic posture and lower neck angulations for all teeth and the operator’s experience provided better ergonomic posture for the mandibular teeth.
Storage Stability of Probiotic Soy Yoghurts with Enzyme Hydrolyzed African Breadfruit and Rice Additives
Authors: Barber Lucretia I. , Onuegbu Ngozika C. , Osuji Chijioke M. , Ogueke Chika C. 
Published: April 2021

Aims: This study investigated the effect of culture type and storage time on pH, titratable acidity (%Lactic acid), viscosity and syneresis, probiotic viability and sensory properties of probiotic soy yoghurts with enzyme hydrolyzed African bread fruit (HABF) and rice syrup.
Methodology: Three sets of Soy-HABF Yoghurt were formulated by supplementing soymilk with 4% HABF and the addition of enzyme hydrolyzed rice syrup. The formulations were inoculated separately with Bifidiobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophillus as mono- and co-cultures and fermented at 42 °C for 8 h. Using standard methods, the samples were analyzed after fermentation representing day 1 and on the 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th days of storage at 4⁰ C.
Results: Culture type and the storage time had significant (P≤0.05) effect on physicochemical, probiotic count and sensory properties of the probiotic soy-HABF yoghurt. pH decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with storage time from 4.36 - 4.06, 4.30 – 3.97 and 4.35 - 4.26 for B, L and BL (B. bifidum, L. acidophilus and the co-culture of B. bifidum, and L. acidophilus fermented samples). L. acidophilus had highest pH decrease. Titratable acidity, viscosity and syneresis index increased significantly (P≤0.05) with increase in storage time. Probiotic counts varied from 7.72-6.54 and 8.56 – 7.70 Log CFU/ml for B. bifidum and L. acidophilus respectively in the mono-culture samples B and L and from 7.66 – 5.65 and 7.90 – 6.57 Log CFU/ml for B.bifidum and L. acidophilus in sample BL. Assessors’ degree of likeness for the aroma, appearance, taste and texture of the probiotic soy-HABF yoghurt varied from neither like nor dislike to moderate likeness. The overall acceptability indicated that the L. acidophilus fermented product (sample L) was more acceptable to the assessors within the first 5 days of storage.
Conclusion: This study have shown that B.bifidum and L.acidophillus retained a viability of > log 6 within 15 days of storage. The physicochemical and sensory characteristics of soy/HABF yoghurt were also at optimum within the first 5 days at 4⁰ C.