bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric Pneumatosis With Portal Venous Gas Can Be Treated Non-operatively: a Retrospective Multi-institutional Study
Authors: Epin Antoine , Passot Guillaume , Christou Niki , Monneuse Olivier , Mabrut Jean-Yves , Ferrero Pierre-Alexandre , Caudron Sebastien , Pezet Denis , Magnin Benoit , Grange Rémi , Lambert Céline , Williet Nicolas , Flaris Alexandros N. , Roy Bertrand Le 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Gastric pneumatosis (GP) is a rare radiologic finding with an unpredictable prognosis. The aim of this study was to identify mortality risk factors from patients presenting with GP on computed tomography (CT), and to develop a model which would allow us to predict which patients would benefit most from operative management.Methods: Between 2010 and 2020, all CT-scan reports in 4 tertiary centers were searched for the following terms: “gastric pneumatosis”, “intramural gastric air” or “emphysematous gastritis”. The retrieved CT scans were reviewed by a senior surgeon and a senior radiologist. Relevant clinical and laboratory data for these patients were extracted from the institutions’ medical records. Results: Among 58 patients with GP portal venous gas and bowel ischemia were present on CT scan in 52 (90%) and 17 patients (29%), respectively. The 30-day mortality rate was 31%. Univariate analysis identified the following variables as predictive of mortality at the time of the diagnosis of GP: abdominal guarding, hemodynamic instability, arterial lactate level >2mmol/l, and absence of gastric dilatation. Multivariable analysis identified the following variables as independent predictors of mortality: arterial lactate level (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.79) and absence of gastric dilatation (OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01 - 0.79). None of the patients presenting with a baseline lactate rate <2 mmol/l died within 30 days following diagnosis, and no more than 17 patients out of 58 had bowel ischemia (29%).Conclusions: GP could be managed non-operatively, even in the presence of portal venous gas. However patients with arterial lactate level>2mmol/l, or absence of gastric dilation should be surgically explored due to a non-negligible risk of mortality.
Understanding of Catalytic ROS Generation From Defect-Rich Graphene Quantum-Dots for Therapeutic Effects in Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Wang Xichu , Hu Chuangang , Gu Zi (Sophia) , Dai Liming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Owing to their low cost, high catalytic efficiency and biocompatibility, carbon-based metalfree catalysts (C-MFCs) have attracted intense interest for various applications, ranging from energy through environmental to biomedical technologies. While considerable efforts and progress have been made in mechanistic understanding of C-MFCs for non-biomedical applications, their catalytic mechanism for therapeutic effects has rarely been investigated. In this study, defect-rich graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were developed as C-MFCs for efficient ROS generation, specifically in the H2O2 -rich tumor microenvironment to cause multi-level damage of subcellular components (even in nuclei). While a desirable anti-cancer performance was achieved, the catalytic performance was found to strongly depend on the defect density. It is for the first time that the defect-induced catalytic generation of ROS by C-MFCs in the tumor microenvironment was demonstrated and the associated catalytic mechanism was elucidated. This work opens a new avenue for the development of safe and efficient catalytic nanomedicine.
Data-Driven Personalization of Body-Machine Interfaces to Control Diverse Robot Types
Authors: Macchini Matteo , Schiano Fabrizio , Floreano Dario 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Body-Machine Interfaces (BoMIs) for robotic teleoperation can improve a user’s experience and performance. However, the implementation of such systems needs to be optimized on each robot independently, as a general approach has not been proposed to date. Here, we present a novel machine learning method to generate personalized BoMIs from an operator’s spontaneous body movements. The method captures individual motor synergies that can be used for the teleoperation of robots. The proposed algorithm applies to people with diverse behavioral patterns to control robots with diverse morphologies and degrees of freedom, such as a fixed-wing drone, a quadrotor, and a robotic manipulator.
Diagnostic Value Of Doppler Ultrasound In Early Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Huang Yanli , Wu Xiaohang , Tao Ye , Wu Jialing , Yan Yumei , Ma Mengyan , Yuan Xinyue , Li Fengfei , Hou Xui-kun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore of ultrasound combined with renal pathology score, and compare the application value of elastography, two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound, three-dimensional（3D） ultrasound and other ultrasound imaging methods in early chronic kidney diagnosis.Methods: Combined ultrasound and pathological scores. A retrospective analysis of 118 patients with chronic kidney disease examined in the department of nephrology of the author's hospital. 36 healthy who were normal in the same period were selected as the control group. Combined with the left kidney pathology score and multi-factor logistic regression analysis to evaluate independent predictors of early pathological injured in CKD, ROC curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each ultrasound index. Statistical evaluation: The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).Results: In patients with severely injured CKD, renal length, three-dimensional kidney volume, Renal interlobar artery RI, and AT all appear to be effective predictors. Among patients with moderate injured, only AT and RI were effective predictors. Among patients with mildly impaired CKD, AT has the highest diagnostic efficacy, but SWV has the highest sensitivity (83.8%) for detecting mild renal injured. The results confirm that the Renal interlobar artery AT is the strongest independent predictor of CKD injured.Conclusion: The results confirm that the Renal interlobar artery AT is the strongest independent predictor of CKD injured.
Early Kinetics of Calprotectin in Plasma Following Inguinal Hernia Surgery
Authors: Sejersen Kristina , Havelka Aleksandra , Salas Pearl Sanchez , Larsson Anders 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Calprotectin is one of the most abundant proteins of neutrophil granulocytes. It is released upon activation of neutrophils and is considered as a sensitive and clinically useful marker for neutrophil mediated inflammation, including bacterial infections. However, the early kinetics of calprotectin activation in humans following inflammatory activation has hitherto been unknown. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the early phase of the kinetics of calprotectin in plasma following a standardized temporary mild inflammatory response, using uncomplicated inguinal hernia surgery as a model. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 17 patients (16 men, age 41-79, 1 woman, age 54), undergoing elective surgery for uncomplicated hernia with laparoscopic (n=5) or open surgery (n=12), and without signs of inflammatory disease (C-reactive protein (CRP) < 5 mg/L) at entry of study. Calprotectin and inflammatory markers CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), and procalcitonin were measured in plasma at start of surgery (0), and following 2, 4, 6, and 24-36 h after inguinal surgery. Results: Values of calprotectin increased significantly (p=0.02532) at 2 h following surgery (mean 0.99 mg/L) from the lowest basal levels (mean 0.58 mg/L), and continued to increase to reach highest level at 24-36 h (mean 1.58 mg/L) postsurgery. This contrasts to IL-6 and CRP, for which an elevation was found first later, with a transient elevation at 4 h postsurgery for IL-6 (p=0.03098), and a later elevation for CRP in the 24-36 h postsurgery samples (p= 0.00124). No significant increase was seen at any analysed time point postsurgery for TNF-a, or procalcitonin. Conclusion: Calprotectin levels in plasma were rapidly elevated (within 2 h following mild inflammatory response associated with inguinal hernia surgery and continued to increase at later time points (24-36 h). Increase of calprotectin was observed several hours prior to increase in IL-6 or CRP. However, during the first 24 h the levels induced by the mild inflammatory response caused by inguinal hernia surgery were not significantly exceeding the normal reference range, suggesting that calprotectin can be useful for early detection of postsurgical infections.
Effective treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia with the Chinese herbal decoction FeiDuQing: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Weiwu , Fu Bo , Xu Wumin , Chen Shuilin , Liu Tao , Cai Gangqiang , Li Guowei , Zhang Rong , Zhang Wei , Cai Tianjing , Li Peng , Cai Pei , Meng Xiao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had catastrophic consequences globally. Nevertheless, the majority of the global population has not been vaccinated against the disease, and available treatments are limited. FeiDuQing (FDQ), a Chinese medicinal decoction widely used for COVID-19 pneumonia in Xianning City, China, has a cure rate of 98.21%. Therefore, evaluating the role of FDQ in successfully treating patients with COVID-19 is crucial.
Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, 355 consecutive patients who developed COVID-19 pneumonia between January 15 and February 18, 2020 were included; among them, 213 received FDQ. Data on the demographic characteristics, length of hospitalizations, symptoms at admission and discharge, adverse events, and laboratory parameters were analyzed.
Results

In contrast to patients who received FDQ, 12 patients who did not receive FDQ (8.45%) developed severe conditions, and one of them died. Furthermore, FDQ treatment was associated with a shortened duration of hospitalization (18.2 vs. 22.1 days, P < 0.0001), even in elderly patients aged > 60 years (18.0 days vs. 26.1 days, P < 0.0001). At discharge, three (1.40%) patients treated with FDQ had mild symptoms, whereas 16 (11.19%) patients not treated with FDQ had various symptoms. The cumulative survival rates of patients treated with FDQ and those not treated with FDQ were 79.04% and 32.60%, respectively (hazard ratio: 0.210, 95% confidence interval: 0.123–0.357, P < 0.001). Additionally, FDQ had no severe adverse effects.
Conclusions

Our findings suggest that FDQ is a potential therapeutic candidate for fighting COVID-19.
Influence of Electrochemical Discharge Machining Parameters on Machining Quality of Microstructure
Authors: Zhao Douyan , Zhu Hao , zhang zhaoyang , Xu Kun , Gao Jian , Dai Xueren , Huang Lei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As a nontraditional processing technology, Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) can precisely process glass and engineering ceramics. This technology has proven to be a potential process for glass 3D microstructure. However, the key to expanding the application of ECDM is how to improve machining accuracy. This research conducted micro-hole and microgroove machining. The influence of power voltage and frequency on hole processing efficiency, hole entrance diameter and hole limit depth explored. We considered four factors affecting ECDM–the voltage and frequency of the pulse power supply, the tool electrode feed rate, and the rotation speed. We studied their influence on the roughness of the microgrooves. The results show that machining efficiency, entrance diameter and limit depth of micro-holes increased with the increase in voltage, but decreased with the increase in power frequency. The results show that the roughness of microgrooves has an obvious positive correlation with the power voltage, while it had an obvious negative correlation with the power frequency and the electrode speed. The bottom surface roughness of microgrooves can be as small as 0.605µm. Various complex 3D microstructures on the glass surface by layer-by-layer method, which proved the great potential of ECDM.
A SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test for Resource Limited Settings
Authors: Frew Erica , Roberts Douglas , Barry Shelly , Holden Matthew , Mand Amanda Restell , Mitsock Emily , Tan Enqing , Yu Wei , Skog Johan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19 disease. RT-qPCR has been the primary method of diagnosis; however, the required infrastructure is lacking in many developing countries and the virus has remained a global challenge. More inexpensive and immediate test methods are required to facilitate local, regional, and national management strategies to re-open world economies. Here we have developed a SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in an inexpensive lateral flow format to generate a chromatographic result identifying the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen, and thus an active infection, within a patient anterior nares swab sample. Our 15-minute test requires no equipment or laboratory infrastructure to administer with a limit of detection of 2.0 x 102 TCID50/mL and 87.5% sensitivity, 100% specificity when tested against 40 known positive and 40 known negative patient samples established by a validated RT-qPCR test.
Brain Tumor Magnetic Resonance Image Classification: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Machiraju Jaya Lakshmi , Rao S. Nagaraja 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
From the past decade, many researchers are focused on the brain tumor detection mechanism using magnetic resonance images. The traditional approaches follow the feature extraction process from bottom layer in the network. This scenario is not suitable to the medical images. To address this issue, the proposed model employed Inception-v3 convolution neural network model which is a deep learning mechanism. This model extracts the multi-level features and classifies them to find the early detection of brain tumor. The proposed model uses the deep learning approach and hyper parameters. These parameters are optimized using the Adam Optimizer and loss function. The loss function helps the machines to model the algorithm with input data. The softmax classifier is used in the proposed model to classify the images in to multiple classes. It is observed that the accuracy of the Inception-v3 algorithm is recorded as 99.34% in training data and 89% accuracy at validation data.
Quorum Sensing-1 Signaling of N-hexanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone Contributes to Virulence in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Xin , Zhang Binbin , Zhou Mingxu , Duan Qiangde , Li Zhendong , Zhang Xinyi , Zhu Guoqiang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) caused avian colibacillosis is mostly common in poultry industry worldwide. APEC virulence factors lead to pathogenesis and the quorum sensing (QS) system is actively involved in the regulation of these virulence factors. Signaling molecules in QS are known as autoinducers (AIs). In QS-1, E. coli encodes a single LuxR homolog, i.e SdiA, but does not express the LuxI homolog, an acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) synthase of producing AI-1. Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) regulates its virulence genes expression in response to exogenous AHLs, but regulatory mechanisms of AHL and QS-1 are still unknown. This study targeted the APEC CE129 isolate as the reference strain, and the Yersinia enterocolitica yenI gene was expressed into APEC CE129. CE129/pyenI was conferred the ability to produce AHL signal. The CE129 SdiA mutant strain with an in-frame sdiA (AHL receptor) gene deletion was constructed by a λRed recombination system, which lost the ability to sense AHL. AimsThe goal of this study was to explore the function of QS-1 upon virulence and elucidate the regulatory effect of QS-1/AHL signals in the APEC strain.ResultsAdherence and invasion assays revealed that QS-1 affected APEC adherence and survival ability. APEC biofilm formation was also suppressed under C6HSL. Interestingly, APEC exhibited different phenotypes of acid tolerance and flagella expression when compared to enterotoxigenic E. coli or enterohemorrhagic E. coli (ETEC and EHEC, respectively). These findings enhance our understanding of the QS mechanism.ConclusionsQS-1 affected APEC biofilm formation, adhesion, and survival ability, but did not affect bacterial acid resistance (AR) or flagella expression, which were observed in ETEC and EHEC. The findings of this study have laid the foundation for further clarifying the complex mechanism of QS in future investigations on the virulence of APEC.
Stromal-Vascular Fraction and Adipose-derived Stem Cell Therapies Improve Cartilage Regeneration in Osteoarthritis-induced Rats
Authors: Yang Wan-Ting , Ke Chun-Yen , Yeh Kuang-Ting , Huang Shyh-Geng , Lin Zi-Yang , Wu Wen-Tien , Lee Ru-Ping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis study evaluated the effects of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on cartilage injury in an osteoarthritis (OA) rat model. MethodsSodium iodoacetate (3 mg/50 μL) was used to induce OA in the left knee joint of rats. On day 14 after OA induction, 50 μL of SVF (5 × 106 cells), ADSCs (1 × 106 cells), or 0.9% normal saline (NS) was injected into the left knee-joint cavity of each group. ResultsA macroscopic view of the articular cartilage revealed a damaged, concave, and inflamed appearance in the NS group. Histological sections revealed that the cartilage in the NS group was uneven and thin and had hyperchromatic cell infiltration. Notably, the conditions of articular cartilages improved on day 7 after the SVF and ADSC treatments. Furthermore, the cartilage surface had recovered to nearly normal and appeared smooth and bright on day 14 in the SVF and ADSC groups, and a thick cartilage layer was observed on histology. Additionally, the white blood cell counts in the SVF and ADSC groups were higher than those in the NS group on day 14. Plasma IL-1β levels on days 7 and 14 were reduced in the SVF and ADSC groups. Conclusion﻿These results indicated that both SVF and ADSC treatments may assist in articular cartilage regeneration after cartilage injury. Cell therapy may benefit patients with OA. However, clinical trials with humans are required before the application of SVF and ADSC treatments in patients with OA.
Atmospheric concentration, temporal and spatial variations, and sources identification of persistent organic pollutants in urban and semi-urban areas using the passive air samplers
Authors: Sari Mehmet Ferhat , Esen Fatma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, the ambient persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) concentrations were measured for 12 months at urban and semi-urban areas using the passive air sampler. During the sampling period, a total of 14 PAH (∑14PAH) concentrations measured in urban and semi-urban areas were found as 54.4 ± 22.6 ng/m3 and 51.7 ± 34.3 ng/m3, respectively. Molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs) were used to determine PAH sources. According to the MDR values, combustion sources are the most important PAH sources in both sampling areas. However, since the urban area is close to the industrial zone, the combustion sources occurred at high temperatures (> 800 oC), while the semi-urban area generally consisted of burning petrogenic fuels. ∑50PCB concentrations measured in the urban and semi-urban areas were found as 522.5 ± 196.9 pg/m3 and 439.5 ± 166.6 pg/m3, respectively. Homologous group distributions were used to determine the source of PCBs. According to homologous group distributions, Tri-, Tetra-, and Penta- chlorinated PCBs were dominant in both sampling areas. ∑10OCP concentrations measured in urban and semi-urban areas were found as 242.5 ± 104.6 pg/m3 and 275.9 ± 130.9 pg/m3, respectively. Also, α-HCH/γ-HCH and β-/(α + γ)-HCH ratios were used to determine the source of OCPs. Lindane was the predominated OCP in both sampling areas.
Investigation into MoTe2 based Dielectric Modulated AMFET Biosensor for Label-free Detection of DNA including Electric Variational Effects
Authors: De Arpan , Shee Sharmistha , Sarkar Subir Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Due to limitations of Silicon, Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) based biosensors are popular in the recent times. In TMD family, Molybdenum telluride (MoTe2) is being studied a lot for different biosensing application. However, for DNA detection using TMD based DMFET, the effect of the electrical variations in DNA has not been studied before. Also, the impact of DNA-Electrode interaction on transducer level of DMFET is yet to be studied. In this article, we have proposed a Molybdenum telluride (MoTe2) based Accumulation Mode Field Effect Transistor (AMFET) for possible dielectric modulated biosensing application. The study is focused on DNA detection including the electric variations of DNA due to surface interaction. We have done a circuit level analysis of the proposed structure for having deeper insights into its performance under various DNA orientations in the nanogap. We have also presented a benchmarking to highlight the superior sensitivity of the proposed structure (ΔVth = 700mV at K =8). The impact of back-gate bias is also included. We have obtained significant variation of threshold voltage shift for different orientation in the proposed structure suggesting strong impact of electrical variations in DNA in biosensing performance of MoTe2 AMFET.
MOG-antibody Related Unilateral Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis With Refractory Cephalalgia: a Case Report
Authors: Ren Ning , Lei Jing , Zhu Haibao , Zhu Zilong , Qin Jie , Liu Xiujie , Ma Cuihong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody positive utilateral cerebral cortical encephalitis (UCCE) comprises a new entity with heterogeneity which usually present as epilepsy. Cases with cephalalgia as the only clinical feature were rare reported. Here, We report a case with MOG antibody positive UCCE who only presented with refractory cephalalgia and had a good response to glucocorticoid. MOG antibody-related UCCE should be identified when patients present with refractory headache and it may represent benign cortical encephalitis.Case Presentation: The case of a 41-year-old woman with MOG antibody positive UCCE presented with refractory cephalalgia. Neurological examination is normal, and fundus examination suggested bilateral optic nerve head edema. Brain MRI discovered Flair hyperintense lesions in the sulci of right temporoparietal occipital cortex. MOG antibody was positive both in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. When the patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, her headache completely disappeared and brain MRI showed partly recovery. At the follow-up of 6 months after discharge, she had no relapse, serum MOG antibody was negative and the high signal intensity on Flair had completely disappeared.Conclusions: MOG antibody-positive UCCE with headache as the single clinical symptom may represent benign cortical encephalitis.