bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Stranded Marine Debris on Karimunjawa Island
Authors: Ansyari M R , Radjawane I M , Suprijo T , Hanifah F , Tarya A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Marine Debris is a common problem in every tourism development area such as the Karimunjawa Islands. In accordance with the title, this study aims to identify the characteristics and density of debris around the Karimunjawa Islands. The method of taking data from this research is using direct-sampling on field observation technique by making transect columns to identify various debris compositions. Debris sampling was taken at four observation points namely Batu Topeng Beach (2 points), Batu Penganten Beach and Cemara Besar Beach. The results of field observation and debris sampling activities which has been done shows that the most common types of stranded marine debris found around the Karimunjawa Islands are plastic, wood, metal, glass and rubber. The highest density level of debris components obtained are the plastic type of debris found at Batu Penganten Beach with the value of density 4,18 plastic debris / m2 which is followed by the density level at Batu Topeng 1 Beach with a density value of 3,93 plastic debris / m2. The lowest level of solid debris density calculated is the type of metal found at Cemara Besar Beach, where the density level only reaches 0,02 metals / m2.
Ants Respon to Air Humadity in Small Islands of Haruku
Authors: Latumahina Fransina , Mardiatmoko Gun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The international community is worried about the increasing number of disasters caused by climate change. The main effort is to carry out mitigation and adaptation programs. In this regard, one of the studies that needs to be done is to see ants as bioindicators of climate change. Sampling of ants is carried out by systematic sampling with a path length of 250 m and a width of 20 m as many as 10 lines. Line distance of 30 m. Three methods of taking ants were carried out, namely: (1) Hand Colecting (2) Pitfall trap and (3) Bait trap and preserved in 70% alcohol. The type of ant that has a strong correlation with air temperature and / or soil temperature will be more sensitive to climate change than the type with low correlation. Thus only certain types of ants can be used as bioindicators of climate change. From the results of the inventory of ants, 32 species of ants were obtained as many as 3,110 tails. Of the 32 types of ants, 5 of the most common species were found and the 5 least species were found. The types of ants that are included have a high correlation with soil temperature and air temperature, namely: Cardiocondyla nuda, Myrmicaria brunnea subcarinata, Polyrhachis bellicosa, Myrmoteras binghami and Crematogaster difformis. This type of ant is most rarely found at the study site. Ants that are less correlated with soil temperature and air temperature are: Polyrhachis abdominal, Hypoponera bugnioni, Leptogenys diminuta, Odonthoponera tranversa infuscata and Oecophylla smaragdina subnitide. This type of ant is most easily found in the study location.
Factors related to the incidence of stunting in Nupabomba and Guntarano Villages, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency
Authors: Hasanudin  , Djaafar Tjitrowati , Saharudin  , Bungawati Andi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
People with stunting are generally susceptible to disease, have a level of intelligence below normal and have low productivity. The research objective was to determine the factors associated with stunting in children under. This study was an analytic study with a case control approach, the population in this study of all stunting cases in the villages of Nupabomba and Guntarano, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency as many as 49 toddlers, the sample in this study was divided into two categories, namely the case group and the control group with comparisons. 1: 1. The bivariate test results showed that there was a relationship between the provision of clean water, toilet ownership and the habit of washing hands with soap in Nupabomba and Guntarano Villages, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency. The factor of clean water supply, latrine ownership and the habit of washing hands with soap have a significant relationship with the incidence of stunting because the p value obtained is less than 0.05. It is hoped that Wani Puskesmas officers and cadres can provide education about the provision of clean water, ownership of a toilet that meets the requirements and the habit of washing hands with soap and can provide additional information about the relationship between sanitation facilities and stunting.
Soy Milk Filter Design Using Dfma Method
Authors: Santosa Irfan , Wilis Galuh Renggani , Mulyadi Urip 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
DFMA technique can be applied throughout the development process, but if it aims to get big profits, DFMA must be able to be applied in the concept of developing and developing prototypes from the design and development process. One DFMA analysis of semi-automatic soy milk filtering equipment can find out the results of semi-automatic soy milk filter analysis.
This research method: planning 2D & 3D design tools, producing, assembling & testing tools, arranging and calculating the influence of Design For Manufacturing & Assembly & Assembly (DFMA) includes assembly time, component costs and production costs.
The assembly of semi-automatic soy milk filter equipment takes 22.45 minutes and in the supporting components and component costs Rp. 3,695,000; - and production costs Rp.85,824, assembly time based on DFMA analysis produces 40% efficiency.
Effect of Differences in Salt Concentration on the Quality of Rebon Shrimp Paste (Acetes Sp) in Tegal District
Authors: Mulyani S , Vestiyati P M , Kusnandar  , Alamsyah H K , Simanjuntak S W 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rebon Shrimp Paste (RSP) in Indonesia uses different percentages of salt addition, ranging from 2 to 20% or not at all. This study aims to determine the influence of different salt concentration (5%, 10%, 15% and without salt) on the quality of RSP organoleptic, microbiological and chemical. This research was conducted in Munjung Agung, Tegal and Cirebon Fisheries Product Quality Testing and Application Laboratory. The results showed that the addition of different salt concentration (5%, 10%,15% and without salt) affected the quality of organoleptics, microbiology, and chemistry. Organoleptic quality with salt concentration of 5% and 10% favored panelists with an average value of 6.8 (not yet meeting Indonesian National Standards). The highest water content value is found in RSP that are not added salt (40,19%-43,22%) and lowest at 15% salt concentration (31,12%-34,82%) in accordance with the SNI. E.Coli and Salmonella growth was negative in all four samples and didn’t different materially, according to SNI standard 2716.1:2009. The best increase in salt concentration in the study was 5%, with an average organoleptic value of 6.8 in the coliform contamination sample A2 APM/g < 3, negative E.Coli and Salmonela with a water content value of 39.15.
The Effectiveness of Sludge in the Leaf Fermentation Process
Authors: Astuti Yuni , Syarifudin Syamsul Arifin , Maesyaroh  , Nisa Ranti An 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wet leaves that are decomposed with mud can cause the leaf tissue to peel and become transparent. This scientific study aims to determine the effect of various mud media from rivers, ponds and gutters on the flaking of soursop (Annona muricata L.) leaf tissue. This study uses 3 variations of mud taken from river ponds and ditches designed using the RAL design (Complete Randomized Design). Each mud medium in a container was filled with fresh soursop leaves with the leaf criteria of the fourth node of each tree branch. The Kruskal Wallis hypothesis test with a significance level of 0.05 was used in making decisions, which was then continued with the LSD test to determine the difference in effect between treatments. In the calculation of the peeling percentage of leaf tissue, it was found that the river and pond mud soaking media had a percentage of 100% and only 6.9% of the gutter, which means that river and pond mud had good potential as a medium for leaf fermentation. In the immersion photo, it was found that the river mud had more complete stripping of tissue. The exfoliating quality of leaf tissue in this study was influenced by the type of sludge medium and its pH.
The Characteristicts of Yellow Pumpkin Flour That Has Been Processed Using Shard Gourd Method
Authors: Azizah Ida Farikha , Ika Mulawati PN , Ngatinem  , Kuswardani Novi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As an alternative innovation for refined flour substitutes, pumpkin needs to be processed into flour which is more durable when stored and practical for further processing. This study aims to determine the chemical composition and morphological characteristics of pumpkin flour that has been processed using the method of shard gourd from pumpkin fruit, and to determine the yield in pumpkin flour processing. The making of pumpkin flour is done by cutting the pumpkin fruit which has been cleaned and separated from the skin and buds. The grated pulp is then cut into small pieces, dried, floured, and sieved in 110 mesh sizes. The yield of pumpkin flour obtained from processing from pumpkin fruit is 5-10%. The chemical composition of pumpkin flour produced has a water content of 6.9%, 22.8% protein content, 1.1% fat content, 5.7% ash content, 47.4% starch content, and 22.1% food fiber content. The chemical composition indicates that pumpkin flour is suitable to be processed into pumpkin sponge which is rich in nutrients and food fiber.
Actualization of local community participation in critical land management in Gorontalo
Authors: Suparwata D O , Rukmana D , Tenriawaru A N , Neswati R 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLand use regardless of conservation treatments can cause lasting damage to cultivated land. This has resulted in land degradation and serious problems for community management of critical land. The aim of this research is to actualize local community participation in critical land management in Gorontalo. This study used a literature review and observational approach by conducting discussions with the rehabilitation community. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative, by conducting data acquisition including information gathering, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: (a) photographing the sustainability of critical land rehabilitation can be initiated by providing a demonstration plot of sample gardens managed using a participatory method. This increases the responsibility and authority of local communities. Types of plants are selected based on community needs in fulfilling their daily needs and associated with traditional ceremonies; (b) brainstorming on community participation shows its attention to planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. In general, the community needs continuous assistance, socialization, and additional rehabilitation funds. The management process prioritizes the “Huyula” tradition, by mobilizing community leaders and the cooperation of various stakeholders in its actualization; and (c) the failure of the project-based rehabilitation idea has resulted in the reality of stagnation and weakening of local community authority. Participation maneuvers decreased dramatically with the restraint of top-down patterns. Therefore, the transformation is carried out by doing integrated management between various government and private sectors. More importantly, the community should be managed in the framework of empowerment, because the nature, uniqueness and characteristics of the community are different, which give rise to various social institutions. In Gorontalo, the huyula spirit and customary series can be a motivator in managing critical land rehabilitation and greening the environment. Therefore, this idea needs to be supported and the formation of academic papers and village regulations that can be binding in the implementation of rehabilitation.
The Effect of Adding Kepok Banana Peels (Musa paradisiaca) to Powder Media on the Growth of White Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Risnawati Riris , Meitiyani  , Susilo  
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aims to see the effect of Kepok banana peel on the growth of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The research was conducted in the white oyster mushroom kumbung Sawangan, Depok between February and July 2018. The research method used was an experimental method with a research design using a completely randomized design (CRD). The study was conducted by giving 6 treatments and five replications where there were 3 parameters used, namely fresh weight, dry weight and number of oyster mushroom fruit bodies. The treatments referred to were treatment A (control), B (1 gram of Kepok banana peels), C (3 grams of Kepok banana peels), D (5 grams of Kepok banana peels), E (7 grams of Kepok banana peels), and F (9 grams of banana peel kepok). The results showed that the growth of white oyster mushrooms with D treatment had the most effect on mushroom weight and dry weight with an average of 62.38 grams and 6.35 grams. Whereas the number of fruiting bodies that had the most influence on treatment F was 16.9 grams. The results of the analysis of variance of one white oyster mushroom growth factor on the fresh weight parameter shows that Fhitung(9.46) > Ftable(0,01) (3.90). This means that oyster growth was very significant and the dry weight parameter indicates that Fhitung( 2.79) > Ftable(0,05) (2.62), which indicates that the growth of oyster mushrooms was significant. The parameter of the number of fruiting bodies showed that Fhitung(5.06) > Ftable(0,01) (3.90), which indicates that the oyster mushroom growth was significant. This proves that offering Kepok banana peels affects the growth of white oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus).
Traditional Medicinal Plants in Bima Communities: A Bacterial Activities Test and Phytochemicals
Authors: Azmin N , Nasir M , Hartati H , Ariyansyah A , Fahruddin F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The use of medicinal plants in Bima communities has been widely practiced for a long time by parents and ancestors, however, this was usually not based on scientific understanding of the chemical contents in those medical plants. Consequently, in determining the standard amount of dosage relies on experience and hereditary habits. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial and phytochemical activity test of traditional medicinal plants in Bima community. Samples of medicinal plants used were Muntingia calabura, Phyllanthus urinaria, Ageratum conyzoides, Manilkara zapota and Momordica charantia. The results indicate that Muntingia calabura and Ageratum conyzoides contain alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, trpenoids, saponins and tannins with concentrations of 20.40 and 60 ml which have the ability to inhibit the activity of Staphylococcus aureus by producing an inhibitory zone that is classified as a very well with an average radius of the inhibition zone 14.47 ± 0.40 mm. Whilst, the phytochemical test result of medicinal plant extracts show that 4 plant samples contain flavonoid compounds, 1 sample does not contain flavonoids, 4 samples contain alkaloid compounds, 5 samples contain steroid compounds and terpenoids, 4 samples contain saponin compounds, and 1 sample does not contain saponins.
Education of Waste Management Based on Zero Waste in Kendal District (Case Study: Waste Recycling Craft Community (Kerdus), Kendal District, Central Java)
Authors: Hidayati Nanik , Hajar Neli , Setiyanto Feri 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGarbage is a global problem that should be handled properly from the source to cut off the flow of waste. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the public about the importance of protecting the biosphere from waste and the application of an environmentally friendly lifestyle. The focus of this research is on the KerDUS Community of Kendal Regency as a community of environmental care volunteers who educate plastics, the environment, and ecobricks, as well as environmentally friendly lifestyles. This research is qualitative phenomenological research that reflects the activities of the KerDUS Community as a community that has succeeded in educating the people of Kendal Regency and its surroundings in reducing waste. Data comes from primary and secondary sources collected from interviews, participatory observation, documentation, and questionnaires. The results showed 76% of the training participants had implemented the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle) in their daily life both at home and outside the home. Offline workshop with snacks from environmentally friendly food and bring your own tumbler as a drinking place. Many participants have locked their plastic in an ecobrick to make it an environmentally friendly product that can be assembled and assembled.
Impacts and Adaptation Strategies on Climate Variability and Change of Coastal Communities along Banate Bay
Authors: Johnny B , Dolor Ed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
People living in the coastal communities are first and foremost vulnerable to climate change, both socio-economically and environmentally. This paper discusses the adaptation strategies used by the local people of Banate Bay in combating the impacts of climate variability and change. A questionnaire was constructed and administered to the residents of the different communities along Banate Bay. Results showed that majority of the respondents are males, aged 30-40 years, married with no education, with less than five family members with the income of less than P50, 000 per annum and have stayed in the community for ten years but less than 20 years. In terms of respondents’ perceptions on climate variability and change, all categories are rated and interpreted as strongly agree, which means that the respondents are knowledgeable and aware of the situation in relation to climate change and variability. On the causes of climate change variability and change the respondents were highly aware; this indicates that the respondents are knowledgeable of the causes of climate variability and change. Further, the study implies that people living in the coastal areas of Banate Bay are aware of the impacts of climate variability and change. The residents are highly aware of the adaptation strategies which will make them resilient to climate variability and change.
Impact of Weather and Climate on Diarrhea Incidence : A review
Authors: Malik Idham , Anjayati Sri , Musdhalifa Pipit , Binti Dwiana , Tosepu Ramadhan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Globally, diarrhea has become the cause of death for more than 1.31 million people worldwide. Likewise for developing countries, diarrhea is a cause of mortality and morbidity. Direct or indirect incidence of diarrhea. can be caused by climate change itself. With diarrheal disease itself as a health problem that must be watched out, because every incidence of diarrhea will be a cause of morbidity and mortality not only in developing countries but throughout the world, with such cultivation, climate change also increases the likelihood of an increase in the incidence of diarrhea disease. The method used is a systematic review. This article includes a combination of the terms and keywords “climate and diarrhea”, “Weather and diarrhea”. The review results from the available journals show that there is a significant relationship between weather and climate with the distribution of diarrheal disease. The results of tracing through journal reviews show that weather or climate change is a triggering factor in the incidence of diarrhea, the role of climate change on the distribution and transmission of diarrheal disease provides insight into this relationship as well as interventions that can be taken to take preventive measures. The conclusion presented is that countries in the world, especially developing countries, must prepare measures to prevent diarrhea that occurs seasonally as a result of climate change and prepare health information to control the incidence of diarrhea around the world.
Targeted suppression of failure spreading in multistable oscillator networks
Authors: Wassmer Jonas , Witthaut Dirk , Kaiser Franz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fluctuations and damages crucially determine the operation and stability of networked systems across disciplines, from electrical powergrids, to vascular networks or neuronal networks. Local changes in the underlying dynamics may affect the whole network and, in the worst case, cause a total collapse of the system through a cascading failure. It has been demonstrated that certain subgraphs can reduce failure spreading drastically, or even inhibit it completely. However, this shielding effect is poorly understood for non-linear dynamical models. Here, we study the effect of perturbations in networks of oscillators coupled via the Kuramoto model. We demonstrate how the network structure can be optimised for suppressing specific, targeted fluctuations at a desired operational state while letting others pass. We illustrate our approach by demonstrating that a significant reduction in time-dependent fluctuations may be achieved by optimising the edge weights. Finally, we demonstrate how to apply the developed method to real-world supply networks such as power grids. Our findings reveal that a targeted shielding of specific solutions in multistable systems is possible which may be applied to make supply networks more robust.
Statistical approaches for differential expression analysis in metatranscriptomics
Authors: Zhang Yancong , Thompson Kelsey N , Huttenhower Curtis , Franzosa Eric A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMotivationMetatranscriptomics (MTX) has become an increasingly practical way to profile the functional activity of microbial communities in situ. However, MTX remains underutilized due to experimental and computational limitations. The latter are complicated by non-independent changes in both RNA transcript levels and their underlying genomic DNA copies (as microbes simultaneously change their overall abundance in the population and regulate individual transcripts), genetic plasticity (as whole loci are frequently gained and lost in microbial lineages) and measurement compositionality and zero-inflation. Here, we present a systematic evaluation of and recommendations for differential expression (DE) analysis in MTX.ResultsWe designed and assessed six statistical models for DE discovery in MTX that incorporate different combinations of DNA and RNA normalization and assumptions about the underlying changes of gene copies or species abundance within communities. We evaluated these models on multiple simulated and real multi-omic datasets. Models adjusting transcripts relative to their encoding gene copies as a covariate were significantly more accurate in identifying DE from MTX in both simulated and real datasets. Moreover, we show that when paired DNA measurements (metagenomic data) are not available, models normalizing MTX measurements within-species while also adjusting for total-species RNA balance sensitivity, specificity and interpretability of DE detection, as does filtering likely technical zeros. The efficiency and accuracy of these models pave the way for more effective MTX-based DE discovery in microbial communities.Availability and implementationThe analysis code and synthetic datasets used in this evaluation are available online at http://huttenhower.sph.harvard.edu/mtx2021.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.