bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust Assessment of Clustering Methods for Fast Radio Transient Candidates
Authors: Aggarwal Kshitij , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Law Casey J. , Bower Geoffrey C. , Butler Bryan J. , Demorest Paul B. , Lazio T. Joseph W. , Linford Justin , Sydnor Jessica , Anna-Thomas Reshma 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fast radio transient search algorithms identify signals of interest by iterating and applying a threshold on a set of matched filters. These filters are defined by properties of the transient such as time and dispersion. A real transient can trigger hundreds of search trials, each of which has to be post-processed for visualization and classification tasks. In this paper, we have explored a range of unsupervised clustering algorithms to cluster these redundant candidate detections. We demonstrate this for Realfast, the commensal fast-transient search system at the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. We use four features for clustering: sky position (l, m), time, and dispersion measure (DM). We develop a custom performance metric that makes sure that the candidates are clustered into a small number of pure clusters, i.e., clusters with either astrophysical or noise candidates. We then use this performance metric to compare eight different clustering algorithms. We show that using sky location along with DM/time improves clustering performance by ∼10% as compared to the traditional DM/time-based clustering. Therefore, positional information should be used during clustering if it can be made available. We conduct several tests to compare the performance and generalizability of clustering algorithms to other transient data sets and propose a strategy that can be used to choose an algorithm. Our performance metric and clustering strategy can be easily extended to different single-pulse search pipelines and other astronomy and non-astronomy-based applications.
Impact of the Season of Birth on the Development of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in the United States: A Nationwide Registry-based Study
Authors: Dave Ishaan , Estroff Brandon , Gergely Talia , Rostad Christina A. , Ponder Lori A. , McCracken Courtney , Prahalad Sampath 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveAutoimmune disorders result from the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Many autoimmune disorders are associated with specific seasons of birth, implicating a role for environmental determinants in their etiopathology. We investigated if there is an association between the season of birth and the development of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).MethodsBirth data from 10,913 children with JIA enrolled at 62 Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry sites was compared with 109,066,226 US births from the same period using a chi-square goodness-of-fit test. Season of birth of the JIA cohort was compared to the US population estimate using a 2-sided 1-sample test for a binomial proportion and corrected for multiple comparisons. Secondary analysis was performed for JIA categories, age of onset, and month of birth.ResultsA greater proportion of children with JIA were born in winter (January–March) compared to the US general population (25.72% vs 24.08%; correctedP< 0.0001). This observation was also true after stratifying for age of onset (≤ or > 6 yrs). When analyzed by the month of birth, a greater proportion of children with JIA were born in January compared to the US population (9.44% vs 8.13%; correctedP< 0.0001).ConclusionRelative to the general population, children with JIA are more often born in the winter, and specifically in the month of January. These observations support the hypothesis that seasonal variations in exposures during the gestational and/or early postnatal periods may contribute to development of JIA.
Metabolic Syndrome and Osteoarthritis Distribution in the Hand Joints: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Mohajer Bahram , Kwee Robert M. , Guermazi Ali , Berenbaum Francis , Wan Mei , Zhen Gehua , Cao Xu , Haugen Ida K. , Demehri Shadpour 
Published: June 2021

Objective.To investigate the metabolic syndrome (MetS) association with radiographic and symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (HOA).Methods.Using 1:2 propensity score matching for relevant confounders, we included 2509 participants (896 MetS positive and 1613 MetS negative) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative dataset. MetS and its components, according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria, were extracted from baseline data, and included hypertension, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. We scored distinct hand joints based on the modified Kellgren-Lawrence (mKL) grade of baseline radiographs, with HOA defined as mKL ≥ 2. In the cross-sectional analysis, we investigated the association between MetS and its components with radiographic HOA and the presence of nodal and erosive HOA phenotypes using regression models. In the longitudinal analysis, we performed Cox regression analysis for hand pain incidence in follow-up visits.Results.MetS was associated with higher odds of radiographic HOA, including the number of joints with OA (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08–1.62), the sum of joints mKLs (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.24–4.71), mainly in distal interphalangeal joints (DIPs) and proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPs; OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.08–2.14 and OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.75, respectively), but not metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and first carpometacarpal (CMC1) joints. Hand pain incidence during follow-up was higher with MetS presence (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07–1.47). The erosive HOA phenotype and joints’ nodal involvement were more frequent with MetS (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.01–1.97 and OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.02–1.60, respectively).Conclusion.MetS, a potentially modifiable risk factor, is associated with radiographic DIP and PIP OA and longitudinal hand pain incidence while sparing MCPs and CMC1s. Nodal and erosive HOA phenotypes are associated with MetS, suggestive of possible distinct pathophysiology.
Anaphore et temps verbaux
Authors: Apothéloz Denis 
Published: June 2021

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier les différentes facettes du fonctionnement anaphorique des temps verbaux. L’auteur distingue trois processus anaphoriques : (i) par ancrage temporel, (ii) par repérage et (iii) par relais. Il analyse le fonctionnement de quelques temps verbaux relativement à ces trois processus. Il montre que le repérage anaphorique ne concerne que certains temps, c.-à-d. les temps composés ainsi que le conditionnel, tandis que l’ancrage temporel et le relais concernent tous les temps verbaux. Une attention particulière est accordée au plus-que-parfait dans les analepses, au conditionnel d’ultériorité ainsi qu’aux situations dans lesquelles un temps verbal proroge un contenu médiatif.
« La Chèvre de monsieur Seguin » : adaptations et représentation des jeunes lectorats
Authors: Charles Florence 
Published: June 2021

« La Chèvre de monsieur Seguin » reste aujourd’hui dans la mémoire commune l’un des textes les plus célèbres d’Alphonse Daudet. De nombreuses éditions jeunesse proposent le texte seul, détaché de son recueil d’origine Les Lettres de mon moulin : publications parascolaires, albums, bandes dessinées. La contribution s’intéresse à huit adaptations du texte daudétien, des albums, s’adressant à de jeunes lectorats. Après avoir présenté le texte et ses interprétations, l’étude analyse de manière comparée les différentes formes que prend l’adaptation, ainsi que les raisons qui sous-tendent le choix de ces formes. L’analyse conduit à identifier les implications dont sont porteuses les modifications apportées sur une possible réception du texte par le lecteur, et à approcher les représentations du lectorat en jeu.
À la recherche des Ests : les villes en notes de bas de page
Authors: Müller Martin , Deschepper Julie , Choplin Armelle 
Published: June 2021

Depuis la fin de la Guerre froide, découper le monde entre les Nords et les Suds est devenu courant pour penser les villes à l’échelle globale. Cependant, cette binarité efface ce que cet article désigne sous le terme d’« Ests » – ces pays, et leurs villes, qui occupent une position interstitielle entre les Nords et les Suds. Cet article interroge les fondements de la géopolitique du savoir qui a résulté de cette exclusion des Ests, non seulement de la pensée de ce que sont les Nords et les Suds, mais également de la notion de « global » pris dans un sens plus général. Il démontre que les villes des Ests sont reléguées en note de bas de page dans la littérature sur les villes mondiales, alors même qu’elles constituent des cases d’études pertinents pour les débats théoriques qui invitent à penser les villes du monde entier.
« Sans les entretiens, je ne serais pas devenu un historien du travail »
Authors: Cazals Rémy , Hatzfeld Nicolas , Pigenet Michel , Hayes Ingrid , Mak Ariane 
Published: June 2021

Conçue comme un retour d’expériences, la table ronde fait dialoguer trois historiens du travail qui ont eu recours à l’enquête orale dès les années 1970 et 1980. Comment ont-ils été amenés à se tourner vers la pratique de l’entretien ? Quelles étaient leurs références et comment s’y sont-ils formés ? Si des questions méthodologiques et épistémologiques importantes sont abordées au cours de ces échanges – concernant l’entrée sur le terrain, la conduite et la transcription des entretiens, le jeu entre archives écrites et orales, la relation enquêteur/enquêtés entre autres –, ceux-ci proposent avant toute chose d’entrer dans le grain des pratiques et des expériences de terrain de chacun, de revenir sur des surprises d’enquête issues de leur parcours de recherche. La dernière partie de la table ronde, plus thématique, explore les apports et les limites des sources orales dans l’étude des conflits sociaux, de la santé au travail, des identités professionnelles, des résistances invisibles ou encore des sociabilités au quotidien.
Des coulisses à la scène : la féminisation des brass bands dans les bassins miniers britanniques (1947-1984)
Authors: Henry Marion 
Published: June 2021

Les brass bands , ensembles musicaux amateurs composés essentiellement de cuivres, constituent un symbole des cultures ouvrières britanniques. Toujours fortement ancrés dans les bassins miniers au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, ils incarnent la puissance physique de la figure du mineur de charbon et constituent des espaces privilégiés de la consolidation d’un entre-soi masculin en dehors de la sphère du travail. Pourtant, entre 1947, date de la nationalisation de l’industrie, et le début des années 1980, ces formations musicales s’ouvrent progressivement aux femmes, qui étaient jusque-là cantonnées à un rôle de supportrice. Cet article, qui repose sur une enquête orale menée auprès d’une dizaine de musiciens et de musiciennes de brass bands liés à l’industrie minière, utilise l’apport des sources orales pour nuancer ce processus et mettre en lumière la persistance de la ségrégation des espaces et des rôles dans les bassins miniers britanniques au cours de la seconde moitié du XX e siècle. Cette féminisation est d’abord celle d’une intégration par défaut, alors que celle-ci s’accélère à partir de la fin des années 1960 dans un contexte de désindustrialisation. La place des femmes dans ces formations musicales reste limitée et contrainte par la nécessité de s’adapter aux normes d’un univers masculin.
Phosphodiesterase 10A Is a Key Mediator of Lung Inflammation
Authors: Hsu Chia George , Fazal Fabeha , Rahman Arshad , Berk Bradford C. , Yan Chen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP are important regulators of immune cell functions. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze cAMP and/or cGMP and, thus, play crucial roles in cyclic nucleotide homeostasis. Abnormal alterations of PDE expression have been implicated in several diseases. To understand the function of PDEs in macrophages, we screened for all PDE genes in both peritoneal and alveolar macrophages from C57BL/6J mice and found that PDE4B and PDE10A are highly induced by LPS. A number of PDE4 inhibitors have been used clinically for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases. However, the role of PDE10A in inflammation is still poorly understood. We therefore investigated the role of PDE10A in macrophage inflammatory response in vitro and acute lung inflammation in vivo. We found that LPS induces a sustained PDE10A expression in macrophages, which is different from a transient induction by PDE4B. PDE10A inhibition blocked LPS-induced MCP-1 expression, but not TNF-α, whereas PDE4B inhibition blocked LPS-induced TNF-α expression, but not MCP-1. In addition, PDE10A inhibition or deficiency decreased LPS-induced HIF-1α protein expression and subsequently suppressed MCP-1 expression. In vivo, PDE10A expression was also elevated in lung tissue after LPS exposure. Global PDE10A knockout or systemic administration of the PDE10A inhibitor TP-10 in mice significantly suppressed inflammatory molecule levels in the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as inflammatory cell infiltration. These findings show that PDE10A plays a critical role in lung inflammation by promoting the activation of resident macrophages and infiltration of neutrophils.
Reported COVID-19 Incidence in Wisconsin High School Athletes in Fall 2020
Authors: Sasser Phillip , McGuine Timothy A. , Haraldsdottir Kristin , Biese Kevin M. , Goodavish Leslie , Stevens Bethany , Watson Andrew M. 
Published: June 2021

Objective
To describe the incidence of COVID-19 in Wisconsin high school athletes and investigate the relationship of COVID-19 incidence with sport and face mask use.

Design
Retrospective survey.

Setting
High schools across Wisconsin during September 2020.

Patients or Other Participants
Athletic directors representing 30 074 high school athletes with or without SARS-CoV-2.

Main Outcome Measurement(s)
The COVID-19 rates among athletes, counties, states, as well as school instruction type (virtual versus in person), sport type, and face mask use were assessed. Reported athlete case rates were compared with the county's general population and associations between COVID-19 incidence and sport type and face mask use, adjusting for each school's county incidence using multivariable negative binomial regression models.

Results
The COVID-19 incidence rates for 207 of 244 responding schools were 32.6 cases per 100 000 player-days. Reported case rates for athletes in each county were positively correlated with the county's general population case rates (β = 1.14 ± 0.20, r = 0.60, P &lt; .001). One case (0.5%) was attributed to sport contact by the reporting schools. No difference was identified between team and individual sports (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.03 [95% CI = 0.49, 2.2], P = .93) or between noncontact and contact sports (IRR = 0.53 [0.23, 1.3], P = .14). Outdoor sports had a lower incidence rate than indoor sports, although this finding did not reach statistical significance (IRR = 0.52 [0.26, 1.1], P = .07). No significant associations were found between COVID-19 incidence and face mask use during play for those sports with greater than 50 schools reporting on face mask use (P values &gt; .05).

Conclusions
The incidence of reported COVID-19 among high school athletes was related to the county incidence, and most cases were attributed to nonsport contact. A lower COVID-19 incidence in outdoor sports approached statistical significance. The lack of a significant benefit demonstrated for face mask use may be due to relatively low rates of COVID-19 in Wisconsin during September 2020. Further research is needed to better define COVID-19 transmission risk factors during adolescent sport participation.
Circulation of Brucellaceae, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. in borderline of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Armenia
Authors: Abdoli Rahimeh , Bakhshi Hasan , Kheirandish Sedigheh , Faghihi Faezeh , Hosseini-Chegeni Asadollah , Oshaghi Mohammad Ali , Telmadarraiy Zakkyeh , Sedaghat Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To estimate the infection of ticks to Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Babesia, Theileria, and Brucellaceae using molecular methods in borderline of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.

Methods:
Totally, 2 022 ticks were collected from different livestock. Then, species were diagnosed under stereomicroscope according to valid morphological keys. Tick DNA was extracted followed by PCR to detect Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Theileria, Babesia and Brucellaceae infection in ticks.

Results:
A total of 498 males [24.62% (95% CI 22.76%-26.57%)], 741 females [36.64% (95% CI 34.54%-38.79%)], 782 nymphs [38.67% (95% CI 36.55%-40.84%)] and 1 larva [0.04% (95% CI 0.00%-0.28%)] were identified. Among identified samples, we found four genera including Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, and Dermacentor. Molecular assay revealed that the prevalence of ticks to Anaplasma or Ehrlichia, and Brucellaceae was 22.02% (95% CI 16.01%-29.06%) and 15.03% (95% CI 9.43%-22.26%), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the identified Anaplasma sp. had the most similarity with Anaplasma centrale, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma camelii, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, submitted in GenBank. Furthermore, the detected Ehrlichia sp. and Brucellaceae bacterium had the most similarity with Ehrlichia ruminantium and Mycoplana peli, respectively. However, no sign of the presence of Theileria and Babesia spp. was seen in the studied samples.

Conclusions:
Anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis and brucellosis should be considered as important health threats in northwestern Iran and consistent monitoring on infection of ticks and livestock should be performed regularly.
Adansonia digitata aqueous leaf extract ameliorates dexamethasone-induced testicular injury in male Wistar rats
Authors: Dare Joseph Babatunde , Ojewale Abdulfatai Olakunle , Olaniyan Olugbemi Tope , Adole John Adakole , Okotie Gloria Enevwo , Akintayo Christopher Oloruntoba , Dare Ayobami 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To evaluate the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Adansonia (A.) digitata L on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in male Wistar rats.

Methods:
Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 170-190 g were divided into four groups. Group I received 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 28 days and served as the normal control group; group II received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) intraperitoneally for 7 days and 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 21 days, group III received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 800 mg/kg of A. digitata extract orally for 21 days; group IV received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 300 mg/kg of vitamin-E orally for 21 days. Dexamethasone was administered intra-peritoneally for 7 days and all administration lasted for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed by anesthesia with diethyl ether and the testes of each animal were harvested. The testis was homogenized in 0.25 M sucrose at 4 °C for biochemical and histological analyses.

Results:
Administration of dexamethasone significantly decreased body weight, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (P<0.05), and significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) activities (P<0.05). The degeneration in the population of spermatogonia and vacuolation and abnormal widening of the interstitial spaces were observed in the rats treated with dexamethasone. However, administration of A. digitata significantly increased SOD, GPx, G6PDH, and LDH levels, significantly decreased MDA activities and improved the histoarchitecture of the testis (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

A. digitata may have an ameliorative effect on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in Wistar rats because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Effect of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic state, endocrine profiles, body composition and reproductive performance of sows
Authors: Kaur Sukhjinder , Singh Ashwani Kumar , Honparkhe Mrigank , Kumar Ajeet , Singh Prahlad , Singh Udeybir 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To assess the effect of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic profile, endocrine concentrations, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), body composition variables, and reproductive performance of sows.

Methods:
All the 21 crossbred Large White Yorkshire sows were considered in the study period starting at day 1 of current farrowing when the feeding of specific supplemental ration was started until the day of subsequent farrowing (days 150-155) and were equally allocated into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group and followed their normal feeding schedule. Group 2 and group 3, in addition to their normal feeding schedule, were supplemented with flaxseed at a rate of 0.5% and 1.0% of the dry matter, respectively. Blood samples were collected 15 days prior to farrowing, on the day of farrowing (day 0), at weekly intervals until day 28 of lactation and at monthly intervals during gestation to harvest the plasma. Plasma was used to assess the metabolic and endocrine status of sows. Body weight of each sow and individual birth weight of all piglets born were measured.

Results:
Flaxseed supplementation led to decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the supplemented groups than in the control group (P<0.05). Plasma estradiol-17β level was higher in group 2 than that in group 1 and 3 on day 90 of the gestation period (P<0.05). The mean plasma level of insulin-like growth factor 1 was higher in group 3 than that in group 1 and 2 both in late lactation (day 28) as well as in early gestation (day 30) (P<0.05). Plasma NEFA and weight gain were greater in sows of group 2 and 3 compared to those fed with the normal control diets (P<0.05). The proportion of pregnant sows relative to sows bred was 100.0% in group 2 and 3 and 85.7% in the control group. Piglet mortality was lower in group 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
Flaxseed improves endocrine profiles, NEFA concentrations and body weight, resulting in better pregnancy rate and litter size.
The Efficacy of Three Different File Systems in Removal of Root Filling Residue That Remains in Oval Root Canal after the Use of Protaper Retreatment Files
Authors: Sane Satish Vilas , Kokate Sharad Ramchandra , Pawar Ajinkya M , Malusare Pratik Chandrakant , Balasubramaniam Karthik 
Published: June 2021

Aims:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of supplementary file system in the removal of gutta-percha and sealer from the root canal system.

Subjects and Methods:
Forty-five oval single-rooted mandibular premolars were prepared up to size F2 (DENTSPLY ProTaper) and obturated with gutta-percha and sealer and randomly divided into Group I, Group II and Group III (n = 15). Each group was retreated with ProTaper retreatment files and then additionally retreated with Supplementary files, XP EndoFinisher R file, ProTaper F3 and F4 and WaveOne large, respectively. The cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken after obturation, during the first stage retreatment and second stage retreatment to compare the volume of root filling residue that remained after different stages of retreatment.

Statistical Analysis Used:
ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison tests were used to compare the data.

Results:
Group I exhibited least root canal residue (P < 0.01) as compared to Group II and Group III that were statistically similar (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
The ProTaper retreatment files, coupled with XP EndoFinisher R file, results in the better removal of the root canal fillings during endodontic retreatment procedure.