bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The еffect of fungicides on the development of diseases and soybean yield in the Forest steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Serhiienko V. , Shyta O. , Khudolii A. 
Published: September 2021

Goal. To study the effectiveness of modern fungicides against the most common diseases of soybeans during the growing season and their effect on crop productivity in the Forest-steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field, phytopathological, statistical. The experiments were carried out in the farms of the Kyiv region, belonging to the Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Spraying of soybean crops was carried out twice during the growing season in the phases of budding-beginning of flowering (51—55) and the formation of beans (71—75). Determined the development of diseases, the effectiveness of fungicides, crop yield.
Results. The most common diseases of soybeans in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine have been identified: Alternaria, downy mildew, Fusarium wilting, Septoria, and bacterial blight. The species composition of diseases and the degree of their development were largely influenced by the weather conditions of the growing season. The investigated fungicides Abacus mk.e. (pyraclostrobin, 62.5 + epoxiconazole, 62.5), Amistar Extra 280 SC, (azoxystrobin, 200 + cyproconazole, 80), Acanto Plus 28 c.s. (picoxystrobin, 200 g/l + cyproconazole, 80 g/l), Coronet 300 SC (trifloxystrobin, 100 g/l + tebuconazole, 200 g/l), as well as Impact K preparations, c.s. (flutriafol, 117.5 g/l + carbendazim, 250 g/l) and Koside 2000 w. g. (copper hydroxide, 350 g/kg) at the recommended application rates effectively limited the development of most fungal pathogens. The highest protective effect of 69.8—78.9% of fungicides was shown against downy mildew of soybeans, the lowest — 31.7—42.2% against Alternaria, which had the highest development in comparison with other diseases. Fungicide Koside 2000 w. g. at the level of 67% limited the development of bacterial diseases. The use of fungicides had a positive effect on the yield of soybeans. Due to the limitation of the development of diseases, the soybean yield increased by 21.2—30.3%, depending on the variant of the experiment.
Conclusions. The use of fungicides significantly affected the limitation of the development of the most common soybean diseases in the Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The effectiveness of The effectiveness of the studied modern fungicides against peronospora, fusarium wilting, septoria was at the level of 60.2—78.9%. Fungicides most effectively controlled the development of downy mildew, less effectively — the development of Alternaria. The limitation of soybean diseases when using fungicides contributed to an increase in its yield by an average of 0.7—1.0 t/ha.
Harmfulness of giant Heracleum hogweed and methods of their control
Authors: Storchous I. 
Published: September 2021

Goal. Analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign experience on the invasion and harmfulness of giant hogweeds, including Sosnowski’s heracleum Sosnowskyi Mandenova to disseminate scientifically sound information on practical methods of control and prevention of further spread of giant hogweed, promoting biological conservation.
Methods. System-analytical, abstract-logical, empirical.
Results. According to research, scientists have predicted that the penetration of alien species into new territories is constant. However, more and more these processes are intensified under the influence of human activity. A clear example of this is the situation with giant hogweed. Imported into Western Europe in the XIX century as an ornamental plant Borage Mantegazzi today poses a real threat to the ecosystems of almost all countries of the European continent. The seeds of the London population of Persian borage were sown in 1836 by English gardeners in northern Norway, from where it quickly spread throughout the Scandinavian countries. In the former USSR in the postwar years, Sosnowski’s hogweed was actively studied and implemented, which has now become widespread in the natural ecosystems of the CIS countries and Ukraine in particular.
Conclusions. According to research, scientists have predicted that giant hogweed poses a great danger and threatens the natural ecosystems of our country and the West, control of Mantegazzi hogweed will be much more difficult and costly than with Sosnowski hogweed. For this reason, it is essential to take preventive measures to locate and remove plants of very dangerous invasive species and other species with a polycarpic cycle of development, as well as to prevent their widespread spread.
Influence of genotype on representativeness of Alternaria sp. inside the seeds of winter wheat
Authors: Rozhkova T. 
Published: September 2021

Goal. To establish the influence of the genotype of winter wheat on the presence of Alternaria sp. in the seeds of winter wheat under different growing conditions, for different periods of time, among varieties from different original institutions of Ukrainian and foreign selection.
Methods. Field — cultivation of wheat varieties in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine; organizational — collection of seed samples; laboratory — analysis of the mycoflora of winter wheat seeds by biological method on the PGA, determination of Alternaria fungi on the environment of the PCA; analytical and mathematical — analysis of the obtained results and their statistical comparison.
Results. The study of the influence of the variety on the isolation of Alternaria fungi for their cultivation in different years for the period from 2011 to 2020 and in different growing conditions proved the existence of a significant difference in their total amount and number of individual species, especially dominant. Differences were noted in the presence of Alternaria sp. inside the seeds grown in two climatic zones (Polissya and Forest-Steppe), on farms and in experimental fields. Three-year observation of the species of these fungi on two varieties from one originator showed their different isolation: both the presence of certain representatives and the number of their isolation. Analysis of 9 and 17 genotypes of wheat of Ukrainian and foreign selection during 2019 and 2020 also showed a different picture of the population of Alternaria fungi.
Conclusions. Significant influence of genotype on the selection of Alternaria sp. was installed. Based on several years of studying the population of winter wheat seeds with Alternaria fungi, genotypes with a smaller presence were identified: in 2013—2015 — Gordovyta variety, in 2019—2020 — Emil, Pylypivka. It should be borne in mind that fewer alternative fungi reduce the presence of their mycotoxins, but increase the number of other fungi in the mycoflora, sometimes more dangerous.
PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN PERKOTAAN JENIS DAN PENGELOLAANNYA (REVIEW ARTIKEL)
Authors: Haryuni Haryuni , Priyadi Sapto , Suswadi Suswadi , Rahayu Mrih , Aziez Achmad Fatchul 
Published: September 2021

Perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi saat ini diikuti dengan perubahan sistem budidaya pertanian di perkotaan, sistem tersebut lebih dikenal dengan urban farming atau green community. Perkembangan pertanian perkotaan sangat cepat terutama di negara berkembang dan bermanfaat mengubah lahan sempit di sekitar tempat tinggal menjadi lahan produktif untuk bertani, memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga, menambah penghasilan keluarga serta menambah asri lingkungan di sekitar rumah. Tujuan pengembangan pertanian perkotaan jenis dan pengelolaannya yaitu dapat menentukan jenis yang ditentukan dan pengelolaannya sehingga memberikan hasil yang optimal. Data tentang jenis dan pengelolaan menggunakan tinjauan pustaka dari beberapa artikel yang telah dipublikasikan. Hasil tinjauan beberapa artikel dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis pertanian perkotaan yang banyak dikembangkan masyarakat adalah vertikultur karena dapat menyesuaikan lahan yang dimiliki, sedangkan pengelolaan tanaman dilakukan secara terencana dan teratur dengan memanfaatkan limbah rumah tangga untuk pemupukan dan pengendalian. Gangguan tanaman disebabkan oleh organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT) terdiri dari hama (serangga) dan penyakit (jamur, bakteri, dan virus).
Показник вживання наркотиків, алкоголю та тютюнових виробів серед студентів закладів вищої освіти в Житомирі
Authors: Gaichenko A. 
Published: September 2021

Відношення студентів до наркотичних засобів є однією з актуальних проблем в світі та Україні. Згідно даним ВООЗ, ЮНІСЕФ, EMCDDA за останні роки спостерігається тенденція до зниження паління серед молоді. Натомість збільшується кількість наркозалежних. Представляємо результати опитування 230 студентів від 17 до 24 років різних курсів закладів вищої освіти міста Житомир. Опитування проходило восени 2020 року. Для дослідження студенти були погруповані за спеціальностями, на яких вони навчалися. Першу групу склали 50 студентів спеціальності «Медсестринство» (12 ч. та 38 ж.) Житомирського медичного інституту. Другу групу – 80 студентів спеціальності «Педагогіка» (20 ч. та 60 ж.) Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка. Третю групу – 100 студентів майбутніх спеціалістів сільського господарства (49 ч. та 51 ж.) Житомирського національного агроекологічного університету. Ми дослідили з якого віку студенти починають вживати шкідливі речовини, які види наркотичних засобів є популярними, що провокує підлітка на вживання наркотичних препаратів, та які засоби лікування наркотичної залежності знають студенти. Згідно досліджень початок вживання алкоголю, наркотиків та тютюнових виробів відбувається в ранньому підлітковому віці, що супроводжується проблемами з сім'єю, та саможертовністю серед підлітків. Ми вважаємо, що політика запобігання та протидії вживання означених препаратів є недостатньо ефективною. Має бути розроблена системна низка заходів сама у закладах освіти для, по-перше, формування здорових звичок, по-друге, інформування щодо негативних наслідків від алко-, тютюно- та наркозалежностей, та, по-третє, створення пунктів допомоги у ЗВО.
Властивості сучасних парафіян
Authors: Ivanchuk A. , Lanovenko Y. 
Published: September 2021

У статті розглядається проблема впливу релігії на особистість. Оскільки релігія є не тільки культурним та соціальним феноменом, її участь в особистому житті людини є безумовним чинником формування особистості людини, навіть якщо та не відноситься ні до якої релігійної спільноти. І вплив релігії прослідковується не лише на світоглядному рівні, але й на індивідуально-психологічному. І перш за все, це виявляється через виникнення такої риси особистості, як релігійність, яка, в свою чергу, стає підґрунтям для формування інших особистісних рис. В нашому дослідженні ми зосередилися на виявленні тих рис особистості, розвиток яких був спричинений належністю людини до релігійної спільноти. Задля цього ми сформували дві вибірки: експериментальна складалася з людей, в яких був діагностований високий рівень релігійності, і які є дійсними членами церковної громади, в контрольну вибірку ввійшли досліджувані із низьким рівнем релігійності. Для визначення рівня релігійності ми використовували авторський опитувальник оцінки релігійності. Для виявлення відмінностей в особистісних рисах між парафіянами та атеїстами нами були застосовані тест «Діагностика акцентуацій характеру» Г. Шмішека, тест «Рівень суб’єктивного контролю» Дж. Роттера та опитувальник «Індекс життєвого стилю» Р. Плутчика, Х. Келлермана й Х. Р. Конте. Дослідження проводилося онлайн із використанням гугл-форм. На основі отриманих даних ми визначили статистичні відмінності між парафіянами та атеїстами за всіма використаними тестами, встановили психологічні портрети усереднених показників по кожній вибірці, а також, як головний висновок, виявили, що релігійні особистості мають відмінні індивідуально-психологічні властивості не стільки характерологічного плану, скільки у сфері механізмів психологічного захисту.
Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde Replantasyon Yapılan Hastalarda Demografik Özellik ve Etiyolojik Nedenlerin Başarı Oranına Etkisi
Authors: SEMİS Halil Sezgin , TURGUT Mehmet 
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde parmak replantasyonu yapılan hastalarda yaş, cinsiyet, iskemi süresi, meslek grubu ve etiyolojik sebepler gibi etmenlerin replantasyonun başarı oranına etkisini değerlendirmek amaçlandı.
Çalışmaya replantasyon merkezimize Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin farklı illerinden başvuran toplam 124 hastanın 172 ampüte parmağı dahil edildi. Çalışmaya herhangi bir seviyede total veya subtotal ampütasyonu olup distal perfüzyonu olmayan ampütasyonlar dahil edildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastalar sanayii işçisi (mobilya ve oto sanayii), tarım işçisi, kasap, ev hanımı ve diğer şeklinde 5 farklı meslek grubunda kategorize edildi. Kliniğe başvuran 124 hastanın 172 total veya subtotal ampüte parmakların hepsine replantasyon denendi. Replantasyon merkezine başvuran 124 hastanın 172 parmağında başarı oranı %76,1’idi. Hastaların 103’ü(%83) erkek, 21 i(%17) kadın idi. 21 kadın hastanın 26 parmağında başarı oranı %57,7 iken 103 erkek hastanın 146 parmağındaki başarı oranı %79,5’idi. Başvuran hastaların iskemi süresi 101 parmakta (%58,7) 0-3 saat, 47’sinde(%27,3) 3-6 saat ve 24’ünde(%13,9) 6 saatten fazlaydı. 0-3 saat iskemi süresinde olan hasta grubundaki başarı oranı %83,2 idi. Meslek gruplarına göre en yüksek başarını oranını %85,7 ile diğer meslek grubundaydı. En düşük başarı oranı %58,1 ile kasaplardaydı. Etiyolojik sebepler arasında en yüksek başarı oranı %85,3 ile tarım makinası yaralanması nedeniyle opere edilen hastalardaydı. Başarılı bir replantasyon; cerrahi ekibin tecrübesi, hastanenin kapasitesi, cerrahi ekipman ve mikroskobun kalitesi gibi birçok etkenle ilişkilidir. Gelecekte de cerrahi teknik ve mikroskop teknolojisindeki gelişmelere bağlı olarak replantasyon ameliyatlarındaki başarı oranının giderek artacağı düşünülmektedir.
ZFIRE: The Beginning of the End for Massive Galaxies at z ∼ 2 and Why Environment Matters
Authors: Harshan Anishya , Gupta Anshu , Tran Kim-Vy , Rodriguez-Gomez Vicente , Pillepich Annalisa , Alcorn Leo Y. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Glazebrook Karl 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We use ZFIRE and ZFOURGE observations with the spectral energy distribution fitting tool PROSPECTOR to reconstruct the star formation histories (SFHs) of protocluster and field galaxies at z ∼ 2 and compare our results to the TNG100 run of the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulation suite. In the observations, we find that massive protocluster galaxies (

log
[

M

*

/

M

⊙

]

> 10.5) form 45% ± 8% of their total stellar mass in the first 2 Gyr of the universe, compared to 31% ± 2% formed in the field galaxies. In both observations and simulations, massive protocluster galaxies have a flat/declining SFH with decreasing redshift compared to rising SFH in their field counterparts. Using IllustrisTNG, we find that massive galaxies (

log
[

M

*

/

M

⊙

]
≥
10.5

) in both environments are on average ≈190 Myr older than low-mass galaxies (

log
[

M

*

/

M

⊙

]
=
9
–
9.5

). However, the difference in mean stellar ages of cluster and field galaxies is minimal when considering the full range in stellar mass (

log
[

M

*

/

M

⊙

]
≥
9

). We explore the role of mergers in driving the SFH in IllustrisTNG and find that massive cluster galaxies consistently experience mergers with low gas fraction compared to other galaxies after 1 Gyr from the big bang. We hypothesize that the low gas fraction in the progenitors of massive cluster galaxies is responsible for the reduced star formation.
A Disk and No Signatures of Tidal Distortion in the Galaxy “Lacking” Dark Matter NGC 1052-DF2
Authors: Montes Mireia , Trujillo Ignacio , Infante-Sainz Raúl , Monelli Matteo , Borlaff Alejandro S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Using ultra-deep imaging (μ

g
= 30.4 mag arcsec−2; 3σ, 10″ × 10″), we probed the surroundings of the first galaxy “lacking” dark matter (DM) KKS2000[04] (NGC 1052–DF2). Signs of tidal stripping in this galaxy would explain its claimed low content of DM. However, we find no evidence of tidal tails. In fact, the galaxy remains undisturbed down to a radial distance of 80″. This radial distance triples previous spatial explorations of the stellar distribution of this galaxy. In addition, the distribution of its globular clusters (GCs) is not extended in relation to the bulk of the galaxy (the radius containing half of the GCs is 21″). We also found that the surface brightness radial profiles of this galaxy in the g and r bands decline exponentially from 35″ to 80″. Together with a constant ellipticity and position angle in the outer parts of the galaxy, this strongly suggests the presence of a low-inclination disk. This is consistent with the evidence of rotation found for this object. This finding implies that the dynamical mass of this galaxy is a factor of 2 higher than previously reported, which brings the DM content of this galaxy in line with galaxies of similar stellar mass.
The Origin of Parity Violation in Polarized Dust Emission and Implications for Cosmic Birefringence
Authors: Clark S. E. , Kim Chang-Goo , Hill J. Colin , Hensley Brandon S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent measurements of Galactic polarized dust emission have found a nonzero TB signal, a correlation between the total intensity and the B-mode polarization component. We present evidence that this parity-odd signal is driven by the relative geometry of the magnetic field and the filamentary interstellar medium in projection. Using neutral hydrogen morphology and Planck polarization data, we find that the angle between intensity structures and the plane-of-sky magnetic field orientation is predictive of the signs of Galactic TB and EB. Our results suggest that magnetically misaligned filamentary dust structures introduce nonzero TB and EB correlations in the dust polarization, and that the intrinsic dust EB can be predicted from measurements of dust TB and TE over the same sky mask. We predict correlations between TE, TB, EB, and EE/BB, and confirm our predictions using synthetic dust polarization maps from magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We introduce and measure a scale-dependent effective magnetic misalignment angle,

ψ

ℓ

dust

∼
5
°

for 100 ≲ ℓ ≲ 500, and predict a positive intrinsic dust EB with amplitude

D

ℓ

EB

≲
2.5

μ

K

CMB

2

for the same multipole range at 353 GHz over our sky mask. Both the sign and amplitude of the Galactic EB signal can change with the sky area considered. Our results imply that searches for parity violation in the cosmic microwave background must account for the nonzero Galactic EB and TB signals, necessitating revision of existing analyses of the evidence for cosmic birefringence.
On the Nature of AGN and Star Formation Enhancement in the z = 3.1 SSA22 Protocluster: The HST WFC3 IR View
Authors: Monson Erik B. , Lehmer Bret D. , Doore Keith , Eufrasio Rafael T. , Bonine Brett , Alexander David M. , Harrison Chris M. , Kubo Mariko , Mantha Kameswara B. , Saez Cristian , Straughn Amber , Umehata Hideki 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We examine possible environmental sources of the enhanced star formation and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity in the z = 3.09 SSA22 protocluster using Hubble WFC3 F160W (∼1.6 μm) observations of the SSA22 field, including new observations centered on eight X-ray selected protocluster AGN. To investigate the role of mergers in the observed AGN and star formation enhancement, we apply both quantitative (Sérsic-fit and Gini–M
20) and visual morphological classifications to F160W images of protocluster Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) in the fields of the X-ray AGN and z ∼ 3 field LBGs in SSA22 and GOODS-N. We find no statistically significant differences between the morphologies and merger fractions of protocluster and field LBGs, though we are limited by small number statistics in the protocluster. We also fit the UV-to-near-IR spectral energy distributions of F160W-detected protocluster and field LBGs to characterize their stellar masses and star formation histories. We find that the mean protocluster LBG is a factor of ∼2 times more massive and more attenuated than the mean z ∼ 3 field LBG. We take our results to suggest that ongoing mergers are not more common among protocluster LBGs than field LBGs, though protocluster LBGs appear to be more massive. We speculate that the larger mass of the protocluster LBGs contributes to the enhancement of SMBH mass and accretion rate in the protocluster, which in turn drives the observed protocluster AGN enhancement.
Massive Compact Disks around FU Orionis–type Young Eruptive Stars Revealed by ALMA
Authors: Kóspál Á. , Cruz-Sáenz de Miera F. , White J. A. , Ábrahám P. , Chen L. , Csengeri T. , Dong R. , Dunham M. M. , Fehér O. , Green J. D. , Hashimoto J. , Henning Th. , Hogerheijde M. , Kudo T. , Liu H. B. , Takami M. , Vorobyov E. I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The FU Orionis–type objects (FUors) are low-mass pre-main-sequence stars undergoing a temporary but significant increase of mass accretion rate from the circumstellar disk onto the protostar. It is not yet clear what triggers the accretion bursts and whether the disks of FUors are in any way different from the disks of nonbursting young stellar objects. Motivated by this, we conducted a 1.3 mm continuum survey of 10 FUors and FUor-like objects with ALMA, using both the 7 m array and the 12 m array in two different configurations to recover emission at the widest possible range of spatial scales. We detected all targeted sources and several nearby objects as well. To constrain the disk structure, we fit the data with models of increasing complexity from 2D Gaussian to radiative transfer, enabling comparison with other samples modeled in a similar way. The radiative transfer modeling gives disk masses that are significantly larger than what is obtained from the measured millimeter fluxes assuming optically thin emission, suggesting that the FUor disks are optically thick at this wavelength. In comparison with samples of regular class II and class I objects, the disks of FUors are typically a factor of 2.9–4.4 more massive and a factor of 1.5–4.7 smaller in size. A significant fraction of them (65%–70%) may be gravitationally unstable.
Hot Subdwarf Atmospheric Parameters, Kinematics, and Origins Based on 1587 Hot Subdwarf Stars Observed in Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR7
Authors: Luo Yangping , Németh Péter , Wang Kun , Wang Xi , Han Zhanwen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Based on the Gaia DR2 catalog of hot subdwarf star candidates, we identified 1587 hot subdwarf stars with spectra in LAMOST DR7. We present atmospheric parameters for these stars by fitting the LAMOST spectra with Tlusty/Synspec non-LTE synthetic spectra. Combining LAMOST radial velocities and Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) parallaxes and proper motions, we also present the Galactic space positions, velocity vectors, orbital parameters and the Galactic population memberships of the stars. With our He classification scheme, we identify four groups of He rich hot subdwarf stars in the T
eff − log g and T
eff − log(nHe/nH) diagrams. We find two extreme He-rich groups (eHe-1 and eHe-2) for stars with log(nHe/nH) ≥ 0 and two intermediate He-rich groups (iHe-1 and iHe-2) for stars with −1 ≤ log(nHe/nH) < 0. We also find that over half of the stars in Group eHe-1 are thick-disk stars, while over half of the stars in Group eHe-2 correspond to thin-disk stars. The disk population fractions of Group iHe-1 are between those of Group eHe-1 and eHe-2. Almost all of the stars in Group iHe-2 belong to the thin disk. These differences indicate that the four groups probably have very different origins. Comparisons between hot subdwarf stars in the halo and in the Galactic globular cluster ω Cen show that only He-deficient stars with −2.2 ≤ log(nHe/nH) < −1 have similar fractions. Hot subdwarfs with log(nHe/nH) ≥ 0 in ω Cen have no counterparts in the thick-disk and halo populations, but they appear in the thin disk.