bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of salvianolic acid B in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models
Authors: Wang Jiashan , Su Pingping , Wan Chenyu , Xu Yingqi , Huang Junyue , Niu Jianli , Jin Zhuqing 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSalvianolic acid B (Sal B) is potentially the most valuable water-soluble active component in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Its chemical formula contains multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups, so it has a strong antioxidant capacity.ObjectiveWe aim to investigate the efficacy and the potential mechanism of Sal B in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke injury.Materials and methodsCNKI, VIP, WanFang, SinoMed, PubMed and Web of Science were searched for all the literature related to Sal B in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke before August 2024. The methodological quality was assessed using an inspection scale combining the CAMARADES checklist and the new STAIR criteria. Data were analyzed using RevMan5.4 software.ResultsA total of 14 articles were included. Sal B could effectively reduce infarct size, neurological deficit score, brain edema index, and brain water content in cerebral ischemic animals. Sal B could not only increase the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decrease the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) to achieve anti-oxidative stress, but also reduce the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) protein to achieve anti-inflammatory response, and reduce the number of TUNEL cells to reflect its anti-apoptosis effect. In addition, Sal B can improve energy metabolism by increasing the content of energy charge (EC) and phosphocreatine (PCr), and maintaining ion balance via Na+/K+ ATPase activity, resulting in the neuroprotective effects against acute ischemic stroke injury.ConclusionThis study showed that Sal B could significantly protect against acute ischemic stroke injury, mainly through anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory response, anti-apoptosis, improving energy metabolism, and stabilizing ion balance.
Study on heart rate recovery index to predict maximum oxygen uptake in healthy adults aged 30 to 60 years old
Authors: Miao Guoqing , Yan Qi , Zhu Houyuan , Li Fantai 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of post-exercise heart rate recovery indicators for predicting maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) in healthy adults aged 30–60 years.Methods260 healthy adults who did not perform regular exercise were randomly recruited and divided into a model group (n = 200) and a verification group (n = 60). Measure body fat percentage, weight, height and other indicators, and complete a cardiopulmonary exercise test as required to measure VO2max and heart rate recovery (HRR1, HRR2) in the first and second minutes after exercise. Equations are established through stepwise regression method, and the selected optimal equation is tested for back substitution.ResultsThe optimal equation is: Absolute VO2⁡max=−0.528+0.039*weight−3.463*body fat rate+0.042*HRR2−0.180*gender male=1,female=2. Analysis of variance, goodness-of-fit test, VIF test, Shapiro-Wilk test, and Durbin-Watson test indicate that the equation is more reliable; Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, paired t test, and Bland-Altman consistency test indicate that the equation is more valid good.ConclusionThe regression equation established through heart rate recovery after exercise can be used to predict VO2max in healthy adults aged 30–60 years.
Comparison of smoking behaviors and associated factors between HIV-infected and uninfected men in Guilin, China: a case–control study
Authors: Yu Yong , Xiao Fuqun , Xia Mengqiu , Huang Liman , Liu Xiaohu , Tang Wenyu , Gong Xue 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSmoking is highly prevalent among HIV-infected individuals and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies on smoking among HIV-infected individuals in China, especially compared to uninfected individuals, are scarce.PurposeThis study aimed to investigate and compare the prevalence and factors associated with smoking between HIV-infected and uninfected men in Guilin, China.MethodsA survey was conducted among 1,395 HIV-infected men at Guilin Third People’s Hospital from June to December 2022, with a 1:2 age (±1 year) and education-matched control group of 2,790 HIV-uninfected men, whose data were collected from March to August 2023. Both groups completed an online questionnaire on smoking behaviors and relevant characteristics, with a comparative analysis of associated factors conducted using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regressions.ResultsThe rates of former smokers were comparable between HIV-infected and uninfected men [12.3% (95% CI: 10.7–13.9%) vs. 12.0% (95% CI: 10.9–13.1%)], but the current smoking rate was significantly higher in the infected group than in the uninfected group [37.6% (95% CI: 35.2–40.0%) vs. 27.6% (95% CI: 25.9–29.3%), p &lt; 0.05]. In both groups, the following factors were significantly associated with smoking: higher income, presence of chronic diseases, negative coping styles, lower social support, and having depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Additionally, in HIV-infected men, the following factors were exclusively associated with smoking: heterosexual HIV transmission route, lower CD4+ T cell count, longer duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and drug use.ConclusionHIV-infected men had higher smoking rates than their uninfected counterparts, indicating that HIV diagnosis may be a critical timing to initiate behavioral changes and deliver smoking cessation interventions. Furthermore, multiple demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors were associated with smoking, indicating the need to develop and implement comprehensive smoking cessation prevention and intervention programs.
Mental health dynamics between mothers and siblings of children with disabilities
Authors: Zahl Erica , Cogo-Moreira Hugo , Fredriksen Trude , Kirchhofer Solveig , Orm Stian , Vatne Torun , Botta Matteo , Fjermestad Krister 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWhen a child has a disability, their families face significant challenges that also impact parents’ and siblings’ mental health and adjustment. We examined the potential bidirectional relationships between parental mental health and sibling mental health and adjustment in families of children with a disability.MethodsWe utilized baseline and 12-month follow-up data from a randomized controlled trial of a brief intervention designed to enhance parent-sibling communication in families of children with a disability. The sample comprised 214 siblings aged 8–16 years and their parents (N = 203 mothers, N = 124 fathers). We estimated bivariate latent change score models to examine the longitudinal cross-domain associations between changes in parental mental health and changes in sibling mental health, and changes in parental mental health and sibling adjustment.ResultsThe results showed that changes in maternal mental health and sibling adjustment over the 12-month period were correlated (r = 0.22). The cross-domain associations between changes in maternal mental health and sibling mental health and adjustment were not statistically significant in any of the two models. However, baseline sibling mental health had nearly doubled impact on changes in maternal mental health (Β = 0.232, p = 0.061) compared to maternal health’s impact on sibling mental health (Β = −0.134, p = 0.289). Models with paternal mental health data unfortunately did not run due to low paternal response rate at 12-months.DiscussionThe findings suggest that whereas maternal mental health and sibling adjustment changes are correlated over time, the relationship between maternal and sibling measures does not necessarily operate bidirectionally. Future studies on family mental health dynamics should include data from fathers that may contribute to a broader understanding of these complex relationships.
Stigma and psychological health in psoriasis patients based on the dual-factor model of mental health: the chain mediating roles of social appearance anxiety and alexithymia
Authors: Huang Lijun , Feng Ziyou , Xu Chengfeng , Liao Yuan , Yan Yu , Yang Chenfan , Li Yu , Li Chun 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPatients with psoriasis also often experience stigma due to skin lesions, and this stigma further leads to severe psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. However, it is unclear how, and under what conditions, stigma relates to mental health. This study aimed to investigate the current status and interrelationships between stigma, social appearance anxiety, alexithymia, and mental health in patients with psoriasis. It also sought to identify the factors that influenced their mental health and to examine the mediating roles of social appearance anxiety and alexithymia in the relationship between stigma and psychological health.MethodFrom June to December 2023, patients with psoriasis were recruited from the outpatient department or ward of the dermatology department of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou. Patients were assessed using the General Information Questionnaire, the Psoriasis Stigma Scale, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted using Amos 24.0 to explore the relationships among the variables, and mediation effects were tested using SPSS 26.0.ResultsA total of 317 psoriasis patients were recruited to participate in the survey. The total score of stigma of patients was (82.03 ± 1.52), which was at a moderate level. The total score of social appearance anxiety scale was (49.38 ± 1.00), which was at a high level. The total score of negative mental health of patients was (2.77 ± 0.14), which was at a low level. The total score of positive mental health of patients was (20.14 ± 0.36), which was at a medium level. The findings revealed that social appearance anxiety and alexithymia play significant chain mediating roles between stigma and negative mental health in patients with psoriasis, with an effect size of -0.031. Similarly, these factors also mediate the relationship between stigma and positive mental health, with an effect size of 0.056.ConclusionStigma in patients with psoriasis can directly impact their mental health and can also influence it indirectly through social appearance anxiety and alexithymia. Both social appearance anxiety and alexithymia serve as mediators in the relationship between stigma and mental health in these patients.
Translation of a longitudinal survey of veterans’ well-being into action by a research-practice-policy partnership
Authors: Perkins Daniel F. , McCarthy Kimberly J. , Morgan Nicole R. , Balotti Brandon A. , Davenport Katie E. , Aronson Keith R. , Lockwood William , Andros Megan 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionResearch-practice-policy partnerships are shifting the academic research paradigm toward collaboration and research-informed action at community and policy levels. In this case study, researchers partnered with philanthropic foundations to actualize data findings from a rigorous, longitudinal study.ContextIn 2016, a survey of post-9/11 military veterans began assessing veterans’ well-being in key domains: health, vocation (education and employment), finances, and social relationships. Data were collected from 9,566 veterans with three study aims: document factors affecting well-being, describe the use of transition-assistance programs and distill them into common components, and identify components associated with positive changes in veterans’ well-being.Partnership formation and prioritiesThe study evolved into a partnership among an academic applied research center and philanthropic funders to disseminate survey findings, investigate additional research questions of practical application, and help ensure public and private funds are invested in evidence-informed programs and services that support veterans’ well-being. Four RPP partnership goals were identified.Mechanisms and actionsGoal 1 included survey expansion to capture data on emerging concerns (e.g., COVID-19 impacts, educational experiences, burn pit exposure, civic engagement, social-media use). This resulted in eight waves of data collection over 6.5 years. Goal 2 involved co-interpretation of data to define successful military-to-civilian transition (MCT) and strategic communications to engage national leaders in policy change for veterans. Goal 3 focused on evaluation support of partners’ organizational portfolios and programs, which resulted in new tools such as an online screener that veteran-serving providers could use to identify veterans’ MCT risks and respond with tailored, research-informed resources and program components. Goal 4 allowed for the application of research findings with an innovative model for using longitudinal study variables within robust comparison analyses to assess partners’ program components; propensity matching demonstrated that effective component use leads to better outcomes for veterans (e.g., higher salaries).DiscussionPartnerships can equip funders and service organizations with credible data, clear messaging, and tools to advocate for and champion the well-being of populations. This partnership, galvanized by using data for co-learning and collaborative action, has augmented the nation’s understanding of veterans’ reintegration and has led to veterans receiving data-driven support for successful transitions and enhanced well-being.
“You find yourself in a very humiliating situation”: experiences of people living with post-tuberculosis lung disease in Brazil
Authors: Almeida Carlos Podalirio Borges de , Furin Jennifer Joan , Sumiya Alberto , Silva Denise Rossato , Mitnick Carole Diane 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundBrazil remains one of the 30 countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) and TB-HIV coinfection burden. Post-TB lung disease (PTLD) is a set of sequelae that can occur in people who have been cured of TB.AimTo learn about the experiences of people living with PTLD (PLPTLD) and how healthcare workers (HCW) manage PTLD.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative study with a purposive sample of PLPTLD and HCW from two different cities. Open-ended interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide, which were recorded and transcribed. Two researchers analyzed the interviews using an inductive approach and applied a content analysis framework to define categories.ResultsForty-six participants were interviewed, and four categories emerged: PTLD as a social disease; stigma; the fragility of access; and limitations. The categories encompassed two main aspects like PTLD in activities of daily living and emotions in everyday life, for instance, challenges with preparing meals, getting a job, barriers to set clinical appointments or getting social assistance, and stigma.ConclusionThis study reveals specific needs from patients and providers such as a lack of knowledge about PTLD, physical limitations, and stigmatization due to PTLD. It is crucial to address these issues in public health policies.
Intestinal parasitic infections among children aged 7–14 years in Mizan-Aman city, Southwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Tekalign Eyob , Sebeta Asresash , Nureye Dejen , Duguma Tadesse , Tesfaye Tarkegn 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIntestinal parasitic infections continue to pose a major threat to human health globally, with a particularly high prevalence in developing countries. Soil-borne helminthiasis and schistosomiasis are notably widespread.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and contributing factors of intestinal parasites infection among participants aged 7–14 years.MethodsCommunity-wide prevalence study was undertaken from 30 August to 30 September 2021 in Mizan Aman Town. Socio-demographic information was collected using questionnaires. Three of the five kebels were randomly chosen. Households with children aged 7–14 were gathered from the chosen kebels and health post to recruit one eligible subject. Allocation of study subjects to each of the chosen kebels was computed proportionally. Two thick smear of Kato Katz technique was applied to examine stool samples. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. To investigate the association between the dependent and independent variables, a logistic regression analysis was conducted. Statistics were considered significant for p-values under 0.05.ResultsThe overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 64.6% (215/333). Of these, 51.05% (170/333) were infected with STHs, while 13.5% (45/333) had S. mansoni. T. trichiura was the most prevalent helminth. Infection intensity ranged from light to moderate was observed. Prior information about STHs (aORr:2.022 = CI:1.222–3.340), poor knowledge about STHs (aOR:1.677 = CI:1.057–2.660), unaware of deworming as prevention method of S. mansoni (aOR:2.620:CI:1267–5.418), swimming (aOR:0.448:CI:0.176–0.992) and contact with water (aOR:0.402:CI:0.169–0.957) were significantly associated with the S. mansoni infection.Conclusion and recommendationThe prevalence of intestinal parasite was high. Heavy infection was not recorded. Beyond mass deworming, the report emphasizes the necessity of ongoing public health interventions to address the high prevalence of these intestinal helminths.
Social anxiety in adolescence and the first timing of parental home leaving and living with a partner: a longitudinal population-based Young-HUNT3 study in Norway
Authors: Halidu Malik Dimbei , Moe Cathrine Fredriksen , Behboudi-Gandevani Samira , Haugan Tommy 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSocial anxiety can make significant life transitions from adolescence to young adulthood particularly stressful. Despite the potential impact, few population-based longitudinal studies have examined the relationship between social anxiety and the timing of key markers of the transition to adulthood. This study investigated the association between social anxiety and the timing of two critical life events: first leaving the parental home and first living with a partner.MethodsData were drawn from 8,199 adolescents aged 13–19 who participated in the Young-HUNT3 survey (2006–2008) in Norway, linked with event registration data from Statistics Norway through 2020. Social anxiety was assessed via the Short Form of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children, with scores ranging from 1 to 5. Accelerated failure time (AFT) regression analyses with a Weibull distribution were conducted to evaluate the relationship between social anxiety and the timing of first leaving the parental home and first living with a partner.ResultsThe final analytic sample size was 8,045. The median age for first leaving the parental home was 21, whereas the median age for first starting to live with a partner was 24. Higher levels of social anxiety were modestly associated with delays in both life transitions. Specifically, a one-unit increase in the social anxiety score was associated with an approximate one-month delay in leaving the parental home (T = 1.005; p &lt; 0.05) and a two-month delay in first living with a partner (T = 1.010; p &lt; 0.001). The predicted mean indicates a difference of 4 months for leaving the parental home and 8 months for first living with a partner, comparing adolescents with the lowest (score of 1) to the highest (score of 5) within the social anxiety spectrum.ConclusionThis study highlights the association between social anxiety and delays in key life transitions from adolescence to early adulthood. Despite these delays, socially anxious adolescents in Norway appear to reach these milestones—leaving the parental home and living with a partner—in their early twenties, similar to their peers. Although the findings are modest, practically, this information may still hold significant value in informing care providers and policymakers to focus on adolescents as a potential period for implementing evidence-based programs aimed at social anxiety. Future research should explore other stress-inducing life events and examine the long-term socioeconomic and health outcomes of adolescents with social anxiety.
Protocol for evaluating physiological and psychological acclimatization mechanisms in Tibetan plateau environment: a clinical study of doctors from Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Authors: Xu Hemiao , Yang Daiyu , Li Shuai , He Kun , Bian Macuo , Liu Zhijuan , Xu Chengli , Wu Dong 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe transition from low to high altitude environments is associated with a multifaceted series of physiological and psychological alterations that manifest over time. These changes are intricately intertwined, with physiological acclimatization primarily mediated through the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which orchestrates the expression of critical molecules and hormones. This process extends to encompass the epigenome, metabolism, and other regulatory mechanisms. In the realm of psychological acclimatization, chronic hypoxia and changes in atmospheric pressure at high altitudes may contribute to decreased levels of neurotransmitters, with potential implications for mental health, particularly in relation to sleep quality. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of plateau acclimatization mechanisms in recent years, there remain many uncertain factors that necessitate further research.MethodsThis study is a single-center prospective observational study. It aims to utilize a series of physiological and medical instruments in conjunction with internationally recognized physiological and psychological questionnaires to monitor the dynamic shifts in the acclimatization ability of doctors from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The monitoring will occur at seven distinct time points: pre-departure from Beijing, 1–7 days post-arrival at the Tibetan plateau during the acute phase of plateau hypoxic stress, and during the chronic phase of plateau hypoxic stress at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months of residency in Tibet, and post-return to Beijing. Concurrently, a spectrum of omics analyses will be conducted, including comprehensive genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic assessments of blood leukocytes, fecal, and oral samples.