bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular retinopathy predictive role in long-term appearance of myocardial perfusion defects assessed by SPECT
Authors: Aguila Gordo D , Marina Breysse M , Piqueras Flores J , Salas Bravo D , Martinez Del Rio J , Mateo Gomez C , Negreira Caamano M , Frias Garcia R , Perez Diaz P , Moron Alguacil A , Munoz Garcia M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
There is little evidence of the association between the different types and degrees of retinopathy and long-term appearance of myocardial perfusion defects assessed by SPECT in patients with suspected ischemic heart disease.

Methods
Prospective study of 107 patients (75.19 ± 11.53 years; 60.7% male) from a cohort (median follow-up 9.9 years) who underwent coronary angiography and a fundus photography. The myocardial perfusion defects were evaluated by SPECT.

Results
Baseline characteristics were 60.7% men, 78.5% hypertensive, 32.7% diabetic, and 57% dyslipidemic patients. Retinopathy types were: diabetic: 0.9%, hypertensive 3.7%, atherosclerotic 1.9%, hypertensive-atherosclerotic 70.1%, and all types 8.4% SYNTAX score in coronary angiography was 3.99 ± 7.5. During follow-up, male (p = 0.017) and higher SYNTAX score (p = 0.086) were more frequently associated with pathological myocardial SPECT. In the long term, patients with advanced hypertensive retinopathy (p = 0.012) and atherosclerotic retinopathy (p = 0.027) have perfusion defects more frequently. Male sex (OR 4.13; 95% CI: 0.85-20.14) and grade ≥2 atherosclerotic retinopathy (OR: 2.2. 95% CI: 0.7-7) showed in multivariate analysis a trend as high risk predictors of myocardial perfusion defects.

Conclusions
Hypertensive and atherosclerotic retinopathy were associated with long-term myocardial perfusion defects. The performance of the fundus as part of the cardiovascular risk study is an useful tool that allows identifying higher risk patients.
Multifaceted Demands of Work and Cognitive Functioning: Findings From the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Lee Yeonjung Jane , Gonzales Ernest , Andel Ross 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe present study examines the associations between mental, social, and physical demands of work and cognitive functioning among older adults in the United States.MethodData from 3,176 respondents in the Health and Retirement Study were analyzed using growth curve modeling (2004–2014). The study investigated differences by gender, race, ethnicity, and education.ResultsHigher mental and social demands of work were associated with higher levels of initial cognitive functioning, but were not significantly associated with slower cognitive decline over time. Physical demands of work were negatively associated with initial cognitive functioning and were also marginally associated with a slower rate of decline in cognitive functioning going into older adulthood. In stratified analyses, results varied by sociodemographic characteristics.DiscussionThe results partially support the environmental complexity hypothesis and the productive aging framework in that higher mental and social demands and lower physical demands relate to better cognitive functioning at baseline, with the differences appearing stable throughout older adulthood. The stratified results shed light on addressing disparities in cognitive aging and work environments.
Local earthquake tomography of the source region of the 2018 Lombok earthquake sequence, Indonesia
Authors: Afif H , Nugraha A D , Muzli M , Widiyantoro S , Zulfakriza Z , Wei S , Sahara D P , Riyanto A , Greenfield T , Puspito N T , Priyono A , Sasmi A T , Supendi P , Ardianto A , Syahbana D K , Rosalia S , Cipta A , Husni Y M 
Published: May 2021

SUMMARY
We develop and present a 3-D seismic velocity model of the source region of the 2018 Lombok, Indonesia earthquakes by using local earthquake tomography. The data consist of 28 728 P- and 20 713 S-wave arrival times from 3259 events which were recorded by 20 local seismic stations. The results show that most of the significant earthquakes occur to the edge of high-velocity regions. We interpret these to represent coherent blocks of the Flores Oceanic Crust underthrusting Lombok. At depths shallower than the nucleation area of the largest earthquake, many triggered aftershocks are located within a low-velocity, high-Vp/Vs region which is probably a highly fractured fault zone with a large amount of fluid. This fault zone is parallel to the dip of the Flores Back Arc Thrust and probably ruptured during this earthquake sequence. A prominent low-velocity, high-Vp/Vs region is colocated with the northwest and southern flank of the Rinjani volcanic complex. This large aseismic region is probably related to a wide area of the crust containing fluids due to ongoing magma intrusion beneath the volcano. To the east of Rinjani Volcano a cooled intrusive complex was imaged. It is characterized by high-velocity and low-Vp/Vs, supported by the presence of a high Bouguer anomaly. We confirm the existence of the Sumbawa Strait Strike-Slip Fault and find it is characterized by an elongated low-velocity, high-Vp/Vs zone.
Endocrine Modulation of Sending and Receiving Signals in Context-Dependent Social Communication
Authors: Maruska Karen P , Butler Julie M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Animal communication requires senders to transmit signals through the environment to conspecific receivers, which then leads to context-dependent behavioral decisions. Sending and receiving sensory information in social contexts, however, can be dramatically influenced by an individual’s internal state, particularly in species that cycle in and out of breeding or other physiological condition like nutritional state or social status. Modulatory substances like steroids, peptides, and biogenic amines can influence both the substrates used for sending social signals (e.g., motivation centers, sensorimotor pathways, and muscles) as well as the peripheral sensory organs and central neural circuitry involved in the reception of this information and subsequent execution of behavioral responses. This issue highlights research from neuroethologists on the topic of modulation of sending and receiving social signals and demonstrates that it can occur in both males and females, in different senses at both peripheral sensory organs and the brain, at different levels of biological organization, on different temporal scales, in various social contexts, and across many diverse vertebrate taxa. Modifying a signal produced by a sender or how that signal is perceived in a receiver provides flexibility in communication and has broad implications for influencing social decisions like mate choice, which ultimately affects reproductive fitness and species persistence. This phenomenon of modulators and internal physiological state impacting communication abilities is likely more widespread than currently realized and we hope this issue inspires others working on diverse systems to examine this topic from different perspectives. An integrative and comparative approach will advance discovery in this field and is needed to better understand how endocrine modulation contributes to sexual selection and the evolution of animal communication in general.
Supporting innovative entrepreneurship: an evaluation of the Italian “Start-up Act”
Authors: Manaresi Francesco , Menon Carlo , Santoleri Pietro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The role of innovative start-ups in contributing to aggregate economic dynamism has attracted increased attention in recent years. While this has translated into several public policies explicitly targeting them, there is little evidence on their effectiveness. This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of the “Start-up Act,” a policy intervention aimed at supporting innovative start-ups in Italy. We construct a unique database encompassing detailed information on firm balance sheets, employment, firm demographics, patents and bank–firm relationships for all Italian start-ups. We use conditional difference-in-differences and instrumental variable strategies to evaluate the impact of the “Start-up Act” on firm performance. Results show that the policy induces a significant increase in several firm outcomes whereas no effect is detected in patenting propensity and survival chances. We also document that the policy alleviates financial frictions characterizing innovative start-ups through the provision of tax credits for equity and a public guarantee scheme which, respectively, trigger an increase in the probability of receiving VC and accessing bank credit.
Emergent valve replacement after circular mapping catheter entrapment in mitral valve apparatus
Authors: Karabulut M N , Akay M Hakan , Salas de Armas Ismael A , Gregoric Igor D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present the case of a 47-year-old male patient with a history of symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who failed guideline-directed medical treatment and cardioversion. Electrical mapping was attempted and complicated with catheter entrapping in the mitral valve (MV) apparatus, and multiple attempts for retrieval were unsuccessful and caused severe valvular dysfunction. Emergent valve replacement was required secondary to the extensive disruption of the valvular apparatus and posterior annulus. Mapping catheter entrapment in the valvular apparatus is an uncommon complication, but when it occurs, there is a high risk of injury to the MV apparatus during retrieval. To avoid extensive MV damage, operators should use minimal force during standard manoeuvres to extract the catheter. If gentle retrieval manoeuvres fail, surgical exploration and open retrieval may prevent MV damage. Early surgical consultation and exploration could result in open catheter retrieval or MV repair versus MV replacement.
Genetic and non-genetic factors associated with health and vitality traits in beef calves
Authors: Condon Tom , Murphy Craig , Sleator Roy D , Judge Michelle M , Ring Siobhan , Berry Donagh P 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAwareness and interest in calf health and wellbeing is intensifying, prompting change in the management and breeding decisions of producers and associated policy-makers. The objectives of the present study were to 1) quantify the risk factors associated with subjectively measured scores of vigor and birth size as well as diagnoses of scour and pneumonia in a large national dataset of beef calves, and 2) to estimate the contribution of genetic variance to such phenotypic measures. After edits, the data consisted of health and birth size data subjectively scored by producers on 88,207 calves born in 6,126 Irish beef herds. Vigor was recorded on a scale of 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). Birth size was also scored on a scale of 1 (very small) to 5 (very large). Scour and pneumonia were both scored independently based on the suspected number of occurrence of each (0 = no occurrence, 1 = one occurrence, or 2 = more than one occurrence). On average, 14.7% of calves were recorded as having had at least one occurrence of scour within the first 5 mo of life, whereas 6.4% of calves were recorded as having had at least one occurrence of pneumonia within the first 5 mo of life. Relative to female calves, male calves had a worse vigor score and a suspected greater incidence of both scour and pneumonia. Relative to singletons, twins were, on average, smaller at birth, they had a worse vigor score, and they were more prone to scour. Calves born in the later periods of the calving season (i.e., late and very late) had a greater incidence of scour relative to calves in the herd born earlier in the calving season. Heritability estimates for vigor, birth size, and pneumonia were 0.12 (0.02), 0.33 (0.03), and 0.08 (0.02), respectively; no genetic variance was detected for scour. Breeding for vigorous calves that are less susceptible to pneumonia could provide producers with an additional strategy to ensure consumer concerns regarding food quality, safety, and calf wellbeing are being met.
Advantages of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation of super oxidized solution and dwell time in diabetic foot syndrome: a rare case report
Authors: Enodien Bassey , Hendie Dana , Pozza Gioia , Lyzikov Alexei , Taha-Mehlitz Stephanie , Taha Anas 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) with instillation therapy (V.A.C. Vera-Flow™) and dwell time (NPWTi-d) is an innovative method for complex wound healing. NPWTi-d combines vacuum-aided drainage of wounds with the precise distribution of topical cleansing solution over the wounds. Furthermore, super oxidized solutions have illustrated their ability to potentiate wound healing and decrease bacterial contamination. Furthermore, aided with this method, infected wounds can be disinfected. If surgical debridement or removal of the infected site is not possible or desired. Therefore, in the case of a 66-year-old patient with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) with severe infection, our approach was to couple NPWTi-d with instillation and dwelling of super oxidized solution to bolster benefits. This is the first case report using NPWTi-d with instillation of super oxidized solution in DFS in Switzerland. This case indicates that this approach is beneficial in the treatment of complex and critically infected wounds in DFS.
Place and Space in Nineteenth-Century Representations of Old London: The Thieves’ House on West Street
Authors: Smyth Patricia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The proposed demolition in 1844 of the infamous ‘Thieves' House’, a dilapidated structure situated on West Street in the notorious London slum of West Smithfield, was the focus of great public interest. Thousands of spectators reportedly came to see the house in the days leading up to its destruction, with some privileged individuals given lamp-lit tours of its interior. An unremarkable facade belied its strange internal construction, which incorporated trap doors, false walls and secret passages. These were described in detail in several journalistic accounts in which the house was imagined as a lair of thieves and murderers, fitted out for the commission and concealment of crime. The house seized the imagination of both authors and artists, becoming the inspiration for serialized fiction, three dramas, and a large body of drawings and prints. While the various representations of it foreground the familiar ‘slum’ narratives of dereliction, degeneration and criminality, this article uncovers a counter-narrative of nostalgia and regret for the old city as a space shaped by the needs of its inhabitants, in contrast to the emerging metropolis designed for the circulation of labour and capital.
Salt-induced inhibition of rice seminal root growth is mediated by ethylene-jasmonate interaction
Authors: Zou Xiao , Liu Li , Hu Zhubing , Wang Xuekui , Zhu Yanchun , Zhang Jialiang , Li Xuefei , Kang Ziyi , Lin Yongjun , Yin Changxi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The phytohormones ethylene and jasmonate play important roles in the adaptation of rice plants to salt stress. However, the molecular interactions between ethylene and jasmonate on rice seminal root growth under salt stress are unknown. In this study, the effects of NaCl on the homeostasis of ethylene and jasmonate, and on rice seminal root growth were investigated. Our results indicate that NaCl treatment promotes ethylene biosynthesis by up-regulating the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes, whereas NaCl-induced ethylene does not inhibit rice seminal root growth directly, but rather indirectly, by promoting jasmonate biosynthesis. NaCl treatment also promotes jasmonate biosynthesis through an ethylene-independent pathway. Moreover, NaCl-induced jasmonate reduces meristem cell number and cell division activity via down-regulated expression of Oryza sativa PLETHORA (OsPLT) and cell division-related genes, respectively. Additionally, NaCl-induced jasmonate inhibits seminal root cell elongation by down-regulating the expression of cell elongation-related genes. Overall, salt stress promotes jasmonate biosynthesis through ethylene-dependent and -independent pathways in rice seminal roots, and jasmonate inhibits rice seminal root growth by inhibiting root meristem cell proliferation and root cell elongation.
The role of the elaphrocentre in void galaxy formation
Authors: Peper Marius , Roukema Boudewijn F 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Voids may affect galaxy formation via weakening mass infall or increasing disk sizes, which could potentially play a role in the formation of giant low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs). If a dark matter halo forms at the potential hill corresponding to a void of the cosmic web, which we denote the ‘elaphrocentre’ in contrast to a barycentre, then the elaphrocentre should weaken the infall rate to the halo when compared to infall rates towards barycentres. We investigate this hypothesis numerically. We present a complete software pipeline to simulate galaxy formation, starting from a power spectrum of initial perturbations and an N-body simulation through to merger-history-tree based mass infall histories. The pipeline is built from well-established, free-licensed cosmological software packages, and aims at highly portable long-term reproducibility. We find that the elaphrocentric accelerations tending to oppose mass infall are modest. We do not find evidence of location in a void or elaphrocentric position weakening mass infall towards a galaxy. However, we find indirect evidence of voids influencing galaxy formation: while void galaxies are of lower mass compared to galaxies in high-density environments, their spin parameters are typically higher. For a fixed mass, the implied disc scale length would be greater. Tangential accelerations in voids are found to be high and might significantly contribute to the higher spin parameters. We find significantly later formation epochs for void galaxies; this should give lower matter densities and may imply lower surface densities of disc galaxies. Thus, void galaxies have higher spin parameters and later formation epochs; both are factors that may increase the probability of forming LSBGs in voids.
Chemical abundance of the LINER galaxy UGC 4805 with SDSS-IV MaNGA
Authors: Krabbe A C , Oliveira C B , Zinchenko I A , Hernández-Jiménez J A , Dors O L , Hägele G F , Cardaci M V , Telles N R 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Chemical abundance determinations in Low-Ionization Nuclear Emission-line Regions (LINERs) are especially complex and uncertain because the nature of the ionizing source of this kind of object is unknown. In this work, we study the oxygen abundance in relation to the hydrogen abundance (O/H) of the gas phase of the UGC 4805 LINER nucleus. Optical spectroscopic data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies survey was employed to derive the O/H abundance of the UGC 4805 nucleus based on the extrapolation of the disc abundance gradient, on calibrations between O/H abundance and strong emission-lines for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) as well as on photoionization models built with the Cloudy code, assuming gas accretion into a black hole (AGN) and post-asymptotic giant branch (p-AGB) stars with different effective temperatures. We found that abundance gradient extrapolations, AGN calibrations, AGN, and p-AGB photoionization models produce similar O/H values for the UGC 4805 nucleus and similar ionization parameter values. The study demonstrated that the methods used to estimate the O/H abundance using nuclear emission-line ratios produce reliable results, which are in agreement with the O/H values obtained from the independent method of galactic metallicity gradient extrapolation. Finally, the results from the WHAN diagram combined with the fact that the high excitation level of the gas has to be maintained at kpc scales, we suggest that the main ionizing source of the UGC 4805 nucleus probably has a stellar origin rather than an AGN.
The observable supernova rate in galaxy–galaxy lensing systems with the TESS satellite
Authors: Holwerda B W , Knabel S , Steele R C , Strolger L , Kielkopf J , Jacques A , Roemer W 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is the latest observational effort to find exoplanets and map bright transient optical phenomena. Supernovae (SNe) are particularly interesting as cosmological standard candles for cosmological distance measures. The limiting magnitude of TESS strongly constrains SN detection to the very nearby Universe (m ∼ 19, z &lt; 0.05). We explore the possibility that more distant SNe that are gravitationally lensed and magnified by a foreground galaxy can be detected by TESS, an opportunity to measure the time delay between light paths and constrain the Hubble constant independently. We estimate the rate of occurrence of such systems, assuming reasonable distributions of magnification, host dust attenuation, and redshift. There are approximately 16 Type Ia SNe (SNIa) and 43 core-collapse SNe (SNcc) expected to be observable with TESS each year, which translates to 18 and 43 per cent chance of detection per year, respectively. Monitoring the largest collections of known strong galaxy–galaxy lenses from Petrillo et al., this translates into 0.6 and 1.3 per cent chances of an SNIa and an SNcc per year. The TESS all-sky detection rates are lower than those of the Zwicky Transient Facility and Vera Rubin Observatory. However, on the ecliptic poles, TESS performs almost as well as its all-sky search, thanks to its continuous coverage: 2 and 4 per cent chance of an observed SN (Ia or cc) each year. These rates argue for timely processing of full-frame TESS imaging to facilitate follow-up and should motivate further searches for low-redshift lensing system.
PredictProtein - Predicting Protein Structure and Function for 29 Years
Authors: Bernhofer Michael , Dallago Christian , Karl Tim , Satagopam Venkata , Heinzinger Michael , Littmann Maria , Olenyi Tobias , Qiu Jiajun , Schütze Konstantin , Yachdav Guy , Ashkenazy Haim , Ben-Tal Nir , Bromberg Yana , Goldberg Tatyana , Kajan Laszlo , O’Donoghue Sean , Sander Chris , Schafferhans Andrea , Schlessinger Avner , Vriend Gerrit , Mirdita Milot , Gawron Piotr , Gu Wei , Jarosz Yohan , Trefois Christophe , Steinegger Martin , Schneider Reinhard , Rost Burkhard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSince 1992 PredictProtein (https://predictprotein.org) is a one-stop online resource for protein sequence analysis with its main site hosted at the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) and queried monthly by over 3,000 users in 2020. PredictProtein was the first Internet server for protein predictions. It pioneered combining evolutionary information and machine learning. Given a protein sequence as input, the server outputs multiple sequence alignments, predictions of protein structure in 1D and 2D (secondary structure, solvent accessibility, transmembrane segments, disordered regions, protein flexibility, and disulfide bridges) and predictions of protein function (functional effects of sequence variation or point mutations, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, subcellular localization, and protein-, RNA-, and DNA binding). PredictProtein's infrastructure has moved to the LCSB increasing throughput; the use of MMseqs2 sequence search reduced runtime five-fold (apparently without lowering performance of prediction methods); user interface elements improved usability, and new prediction methods were added. PredictProtein recently included predictions from deep learning embeddings (GO and secondary structure) and a method for the prediction of proteins and residues binding DNA, RNA, or other proteins. PredictProtein.org aspires to provide reliable predictions to computational and experimental biologists alike. All scripts and methods are freely available for offline execution in high-throughput settings.