bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Evaluation of Metastatic Carcinomas of Bone Marrow Presenting as Cytopenia
Authors: Poosarla Pavani , Bollineni Prasad , S Rama Rajasekhar 
Published: July 2021

Background – Metastatic carcinomas can involve bone marrow and may lead to subsequent marrow fibrosis and failure. The Bone marrow examination is important in patients diagnosed or patients on chemotherapy for cancer, who presented with peripheral cytopenia. The metastasis of bone marrow by these tumors is a sign of advanced stage of disease with poor prognosis.
Methods – Our study is a retrospective study, in which we reviewed a total of 702 bone marrow procedures, out of which 118 bone marrow procedures done in patients with a diagnosis of cancer or patients on chemotherapy presented as cytopenia in Great Eastern Medical College and Hospital during a period of 10 years.
Result – In our study of 118 patients 74 males and 44 females. Peripheral smear examination of these cases - 24 out of 32 (75%) presented with anemia, which was the commonest clinical presentation. Others were, thrombocytopenia in 18 (50%), bleeding manifestations in 10 (31.2%), Pancytopenia in 9 (28.1%), bi-cytopenia in 4 (12.5%). During this study period, among 118 malignancies reported in histopathology, 32 cases show bone marrow metastasis. 17.1% were carcinoma breast, 25% were carcinoma stomach 33.3% were carcinoma prostate and carcinoma urinary bladder, 23.5% were SCC carcinoma lung, 0% carcinoma Cervix, all cases of Ewing’s sarcoma, neuroblastoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma show bone marrow metastasis.

Conclusion - Bone marrow examination is valuable tool in the diagnosis and staging of hematologic and nonhematological disease, as well as in the assessment of overall bone marrow cellularity, pattern of marrow involvement in metastatic carcinomas.
Lipid Indices vs Anthropometric Indices in Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Augusthy Asha , Sahu Suchanda , Jeppu Ashok Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease known by chronic hyperglycemia which results from defective insulin action and secretion. Metabolic Syndrome consists of a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that confer increased risk of diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study is to find out whether non-invasive, clinically measurable surrogates could be useful in identifying body fat distribution and help predict metabolic syndrome and diabetes risk and to compare the performance of anthropometric indices with lipid indices in identifying metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
Methods: 50 individuals with metabolic syndrome ,50 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 controls were selected by purposive sampling technique. For cases and controls history was taken, physical examination was done .Fasting blood sugar, Serum High density lipoprotein and Serum Triglyceride levels were estimated. Body mass index, a body shape index, visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation factor was calculated.
Results: The mean values visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation factor were significantly increased (p<0.001) in cases compared to controls.
Conclusion: Our study concluded that lipid indices visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation factor is better than anthropometric indices like body mass index, a body shape index in predicting metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Anthropometric indices when used should be correlated with metabolic variables and clinical symptoms.
NÍVEIS DE MATURIDADE E CAPACIDADE DO PENSAMENTO COMPUTACIONAL AO TÉRMINO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: De Souza Eduardo Cardoso , Yonezawa Wilson Massashiro 
Published: July 2021

O conceito de Pensamento Computacional tem sido polêmico e estudos recentes mostram que esse tipo de pensamento não está bem estabelecido, sobretudo no currículo da educação básica. Contudo, esse trabalho teve como objetivo construir uma métrica que representa a capacidade de pensamento computacional dos estudantes ao término do ensino fundamental. Para isso, foi utilizado um instrumento espanhol de diagnóstico de Pensamento Computacional, que por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa de característica exploratória-descritiva, atendendo ao rigor das técnicas estatísticas de análise multivariada de dados, possibilitou construir e validar um modelo integrado por três dimensões estruturantes: algoritmo, reconhecimento de padrão e decomposição. Buscou-se responder à pergunta chave de quais são as habilidades que os estudantes ao término do ensino fundamental de uma cidade do oeste paulista mobilizam e articulam diante da resolução de problemas, por meio de tarefas desplugadas de fundamentos da ciência da computação. Um total de 462 estudantes responderam voluntariamente ao teste de Pensamento Computacional no período de outubro a dezembro de 2019, o que corresponde a 74,6% dos concluintes do ensino fundamental no município de Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo.
Effects of environmental factors on the methane and carbon dioxide fluxes at the middle of Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Qin Yu , Gou Yujia , Yu Zongtai , Tan Wei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In recent years, scientists have paid special attention to the greenhouse gas emissions of the Three Gorges Reservoir. This study took Fuling to Wanzhou, located at the middle section of the Three Gorges Reservoir, as the research locations. From August 2017 to August 2018, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and the flux of CO2 and CH4 at the water–gas interface were studied. Spearman's correlation between the partial pressure and discharge flux of CO2 and CH4 in water and environmental variables was analyzed. The research results showed that the variation of partial pressure and flux was consistent. At different sample locations, there was no statistical difference in CO2 and CH4 fluxes, but under different operating periods, the CO2 and CH4 fluxes were significantly different. The highest values happened during the drainage period as well as the low-water period, respectively. Total organic carbon and total nitrogen were significantly positively correlated, and dissolved oxygen was extremely negatively correlated. The high value of CH4 flux in the middle of the reservoir area was related to the spatial distribution of the sediment and the amount of sediment deposition.
Response of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification to DO increments in continuously aerated biofilm reactors for aquaculture wastewater treatment
Authors: Zhang Shiyang , Chen Jing , Yuan Julin , Wang Guangjun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Intensive aquaculture usually produces large volumes of nutrient-rich wastewater, which is essential to treat to avoid eutrophication. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of five continuously aerated biofilm reactors treating simulated high-strength aquaculture wastewater under different dissolved oxygen (DO) levels, and the effects of DO increments on simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND). Continuous aeration was beneficial to complete nitrification. Total inorganic nitrogen (TIN), principally ammonium, was mainly removed by SND. The SND rate response to different DO levels was fitted well by the power function of y = 54.81 + 371.58/(1 − 0.16*x)^(−1/0.24) (R2 = 0.897, P = 0.000). When the TIN was removed completely, the optimal SND rate was defined and corresponded to a value of 121.8%. Accordingly, the optimal DO concentration was calculated as 2.10 mg/L, close to the actual level of 1.83 mg/L, at which the highest proportional removals of total nitrogen (58.0%) and TIN (57.3%) were obtained. Phosphorus was also removed by denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms.
222Rn,226Ra and 238U concentration in water samples for some marshes in Dhi-Qar governorate, Iraq
Authors: Marzaali Awsam Abdulsattar , Al-Shareefi Mohammed A. , Abojassim Ali Abid 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Radon (222Rn), radium (226Ra) and uranium (238U) concentration in the samples of marshes' water have been measured. The samples were collected from various places at the marshes, in Dhi-Qar governorate. The method that used in the present study is the can technique by Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs) with CR-39 detectors. Also, it was determined the average internal effective dose risk (AED), with lifetime cancer risk due to ingestion of 222Rn and 226Ra in drinking water. The average values of 222Rn, 226Ra and uranium 238U concentration in water samples were found to be 288.02 ± 31.21 Bq/m3, 0.45 ± 0.04 Bq/L, and 0.60 ± 0.06 ppm, respectively. The average values of AED (in mSv/y unit) caused by ingestion of 222Rn and 226Ra in the samples of the study were found to be 0.019 ± 0.002 and, 0.093 ± 0.01, respectively. The average values of total AED and lifetime cancer risk values were calculated to be 0.11 ± 0.01 mSv/y and (4.34 ± 0.47) × 10−4, respectively. The average concentration values of 222Rn and 226Ra were found to be within the global average limitations (0.4 Bq/L), and (1 Bq/L) that are recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993 and 2011, while the average of 238U concentrations were higher than that of the global average limitation (0.566 ppm) that was recommended by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). When some results of AED due to 222Rn and 226Ra concentrations, in the samples under study, were compared with the worldwide median value it was found that the lifetime cancer risk in all samples of the present study were higher than the safety limit for the healthy drinking water. Therefore, consuming the water of marshes in the Dhi-Qar Governorate, Iraq, for cooking and drinking (which is contaminated with alpha emitters like 222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U) may lead to a considerable variation in the internal effective dose.
Microbial analysis and enrichment of anaerobic phenol and p-cresol degrading consortia with addition of AQDS
Authors: Chi Mingmei , Su Xiaoli , Sun Xiaojiao , Xu Yan , Wang Xiaoxia , Qiu Yanling 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Quinones and humus are ubiquitous in the biosphere and play an important role in the anaerobic biodegradation and biotransformation of organic acids, poisonous compounds as well as inorganic compounds. The impact of humic model compound, anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (AQDS) on anaerobic phenol and p-cresol degradation were studied. Four methanogenic AQDS-free phenol and p-cresol enrichments and two phenol-AQDS enrichments were obtained using two sludges with potential biodegradability of phenol and cresol isomers as inoculum. 16S rRNA gene-cloning analysis combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that syntrophic aromatic compound degrading bacterium Syntrophorhabdus aromaticivorans was dominant in four AQDS-free enrichments, whereas phenol degrading Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus was dominant in two phenol-AQDS enrichments. Neither co-culture of S. aromaticivorans with Methanospirillum hungatei nor two phenol-AQDS enrichments could metabolize phenol using AQDS as the terminal electron acceptor. Further degradation experiments suggested that C. phenolicus related microbes in two phenol-AQDS enrichments were responsible for the conversion of phenol to benzoate, and benzoate was further degraded by benzoate degraders of Syntrophus aciditrophicus or Sporotomaculum syntrophicum to acetate.
The Role of Tumor-related LncRNA PART1 in Cancer
Authors: Chen Jinlan , Meng Enqing , Lin Yexiang , Shen Yujie , Hu Chengyu , Zhou Gang , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: July 2021

Background:
As it is known, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) affects tumor progression, which has
caused a great upsurge in recent years. It can also affect the growth, migration, and invasion of tumors. The abnormal
expression of lncRNA is associated with malignant tumors. In addition, it has been proved that lncRNA
is a key targeted gene for the treatment of some diseases. PART1, a member of lncRNA, has been reported as a
regulator in the process of tumor occurrence and development. This study aims to reveal the biological functions,
specific mechanisms, and clinical significance of PART1 in various tumor cells.

Methods:
Through the careful search of PUBMED, the mechanisms of the effect of PART1 on tumorigenesis
and development are summarized.

Results:
On the one hand, the up-regulated expression of PART1 plays a tumor-promoting role in tumors, including
lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and so on. On the other hand, PART1 is down-regulated in
gastric cancer, glioma, and other tumors to play a tumor inhibitory role. In addition, PART1 regulates tumor
growth mainly by targeting microRNA, such as miR-635, directly regulating the expression of proteins, such as
FUS/EZH2, affecting signal pathways, such as Toll-like receptor pathway, or regulating immune cells.

Conclusion:
PART1 is closely related to tumors by regulating a variety of molecular mechanisms. In addition,
PART1 can be used as a clinical marker for the early diagnosis of tumors and plays an important role in tumortargeted
therapy.
Raphanus sativus Seeds Oil Arrested in vivo Inflammation and Angiogenesis
through Down-regulation of TNF-α
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Yousaf Hafiz Muhammad , Saleem Mohammad , Hussain Liaqat , Mahrukh  , Zarzour Raghdaa Al , Chohan Tahir , Saadullah Malik , Shamas Muhammad Usman , Yaseen Hafiza Sidra , Yousaf Muhammad Umair , Khan Ikram Ullah , Tahir Muhammad Azam 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Raphanus sativus is traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Objectives:
The current study was designed to explore the in vivo anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic
properties of Raphanus sativus seeds oil.

Methods:
Cold press method was used for the extraction of oil (RsSO) and was characterised by using
GC-MS techniques. Three in vitro antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) were performed to explore
the antioxidant potential of RsSO. Disc diffusion methods were used to study in vitro antimicrobial
properties. In vivo anti-inflammatory properties were studied in both acute and chronic inflammation
models. In ovo chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay was performed to study antiangiogenic effects.
Molecular mechanisms were identified using TNF-α ELISA kit and docking tools.

Results:
GC-MS analysis of RsSO revealed the presence of hexadecanoic and octadecanoic acid. Findings
of DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP models indicated relatively moderate radical scavenging properties of
RsSO. Oil showed antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacterial and fungal strains tested. Data of
inflammation models showed significant (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory effects of RsSO in both acute and
chronic models. 500 mg/kg RsSO halted inflammation development significantly better (p < 0.05) as
compared with lower doses. Histopathological evaluations of paws showed minimal infiltration of inflammatory
cells in RsSO-treated animals. Findings of TNF-α ELSIA and docking studies showed that
RsSO has the potential to down-regulate the expression of TNF-α, iNOS, ROS, and NF-κB respectively.
Moreover, RsSO showed in vivo antiangiogenic effects.

Conclusion:
Data of the current study highlight that Raphanus sativus seeds oil has anti-inflammatory,
and antiangiogenic properties and can be used as an adjunct to standard NSAIDs therapy which may
reduce the dose and related side effects.
Flavonoid Derivatives Targeting BCR-ABL Kinase: Semisynthesis, Molecular Dynamic Simulations and Enzymatic Inhibition
Authors: Ribeiro Rayssa , Eloy Mariana A. , Francisco Carla S. , Javarini Clara L. , Ayusso Gabriela M. , Da Rocha Fonseca Victor , Romão Wanderson , Regasini Luis O. , Araujo Sheila C. , Almeida Michell O. , Honorio Kathia M. , de Paula Heberth , Lacerda Valdemar , Morais Pedro A. B. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Natural products have been universally approached in the research of novel
trends useful to detail the essential paths of the life sciences and as a strategy for pharmacotherapeutics.

Objective:
This work focuses on further modification to the 6-hydroxy-flavanone building block
aiming to obtain improved BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors.

Methods:
Ether derivatives were obtained from Williamson synthesis and triazole from Microwave-
assisted click reaction. Chemical structures were finely characterized through IR, 1H and
13C NMR and HRMS. They were tested for their inhibitory activity against BCR-ABL kinase.

Results:
Two inhibitors bearing a triazole ring as a pharmacophoric bridge demonstrated the
strongest kinase inhibition at IC50 value of 364 nM (compound 3j) and 275 nM (compound 3k).

Conclusion:
6-hydroxy-flavanone skeleton can be considered as a promising core for BCR-ABL kinase
inhibitors.
Drug-lead Anti-tuberculosis Phytochemicals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Swain Shasank S. , Hussain Tahziba , Pati Sanghamitra 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Today, the occurrence and recurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
strains and comorbidities are the main reasons for long-term morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis
from the nasty acid-fast pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, discovering and developing
well-tolerated and non-toxic antituberculosis regimens are directly needed to defend the variants
strains of M. tuberculosis and, alternatively, support WHO’s ‘END-TB’ campaign.

Objective:
Alternatively, phytochemicals from various common and medicinal plants have always
been vital therapeutic agents since the primitive era. Thus, proper scientific documentation as diversity,
potency, structure, drug-chemistry and overall critical analysis are essential tools to accelerate the
phytochemical-based anti-TB drug development.

Methods:
In the present review, we have used some specific keywords such as ‘antituberculosis phytochemicals’,
; antituberculosis phytochemicals from plant source; ‘natural products against tuberculosis’
in Google, PubMed, ScienceDirect sites to get more appropriate research publications.
Further, based on lower minimum inhibitory concentration within fifty μ g/mL, a total of twohundred-
twenty-one bioactive anti-TB phytochemicals were selected for critical drug-chemistry and
structural activity relationship analyses to select most potential ‘lead candidate’ for anti-TB drug development.

Results:
Based on lower concentration, abietane, ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ergosterol peroxide,
mono-O-methyl curcumin isoxazole, 7-methyljuglone, 12-demethylmulticaulin, 12-methyl-5-
dehydroacetylhorminone, tryptanthrin, etc. are some of the potential anti-TB phytochemicals. Interestingly,
existing and clinical drug pipelines for TB contain several active phytochemical pharmacophores
illustrated from the structural analysis.

Conclusion:
Therefore, updated experimental documentation and structural-cum-critical drugchemistry
analysis on isolated antituberculosis phytochemicals at the primary level are more beneficial
for drug developers, R&D centres, and pharmaceutical companies to accelerate anti-TB drug
development using phytochemicals.
Advances in Graphene-based Materials for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell
Components, Electronic Devices and Prospective Applications: A Critical
Review
Authors: O Azeez Surajudeen , Sikiru Surajudeen , Lekan Oladosu Temidayo , Sanusi Yekinni Kolawole , Adewale Akeem Adekunle , O.J. Abiodun Ayodele 
Published: July 2021

Abstract:
The investigation of a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) as an alternative approach to the
conventional photovoltaic cell (silicon-based) is attracting remarkable attention recently. This stems
from the excellent optical properties of graphene, such as impressive transparency, conductance in
near-infrared and visible light spectrums, along with its thermochemical stability, as reported in the
literature. However, the main limitation of graphene production is the lack of suitable methods for its
industrial-scale synthesis. Consequently, the research on industrial applications of graphene development
and understanding of how to pragmatize existing theoretical approaches are still ongoing in
the related research domain. This is exemplified in single, few, and adhesive layer mechanical cleavage
graphene methods, which are not yet practicable, as these methods will restrict the chance for
scaling up. These limitations and inadequate reviews on graphene development impelled the authors
to compile the advances in graphene synthesis, properties, recent applications, and future directions.
The mechanical exfoliation synthesis technique delivers quality graphene films sized from 5 to 10
μm. Graphene-TiO2 hybridization was also found to possess efficiency acclivity as high as 39%. This
review provides significant implications for a better understanding of graphene performance indicators
and insight for future research in photovoltaic or optical modulation devices.
A Review on Nepalese Medicinal Plants Used Traditionally as Alpha-Amylase
and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors Against Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Shrestha Dipesh , Sharma Prabha , Adhikari Achyut , Mandal Ashok Kumar , Verma Amita 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia
in which the blood sugar levels are increased. Nepalese medicinal plants are being used traditionally
since long back in the treatment of diabetes. These plants have provided a broad research
area in modern medicine development due to their potency to inhibit digestive enzymes. The isolated
compounds and crude extract of these plants exhibited the property of inhibiting the digestive enzymes
(α-amylase and α-glucosidase).

Objective:
This review's primary purpose is to explore the inhibitory activity of Nepal's medicinal
plants against the digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) as a practical approach to control
type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Twenty Nepalese medicinal plants belonging to 19 families
and compounds isolated from them possessing potent inhibitory activity against digestive enzymes
and are responsible for managing postprandial hyperglycemia are reviewed under this article.

Methods:
The scientific evidence of the tabulated medicinal plants' function in managing postprandial
hyperglycemia through inhibition of digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) was
carefully investigated online. As a result, searches in PubMed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar
were conducted. All of the data from the various sources have been organized in a structured manner.

Result and Conclusion:
From the database available, twenty plants with their crude extract and
some isolated compounds and their IC50 values are tabulated. Thus, these compounds could be vital
components in drug design with fewer side effects and could be a replaceable agent to conquer diabetes
threats.