bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Liver histopathology structure of Wistar rats on the acute toxicity test of Kapulaga Seeds extract (Amomum cardamomum)
Authors: Ratih Dewi Yudhani  , Rizka Hendriyani  , Riza Novierta Pesik  
Published: April 2021

One-third of the Indonesian population uses herbs for alternative medicine empirically. One of them is Kapulaga (Amomum cardamomum) which known as a spice and traditionally used for the treatment of rheumatic, fever, cough, sore throat, and mouth odor. The clinical use of herbs must be supported by scientific evidenced-based and its safety profile. The risk of exposure to a substance in humans can be identified through the toxicity tests on animals. The liver histopathological structure is one of the parameters of the acute toxicity test. This study to determine the acute toxicity of Kapulaga seeds extract (Amomum cardamomum) based on the liver histopathological structure of Wistar rats.
The sample selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria in the OECD 420 guideline. The research consisted of a preliminary and the main test. One rat was used in the preliminary test with an initial dose of cardamom seed extract 300 mg/kg BW and followed by a maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg BW after 48 hours. The main test used 10 rats that were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. Based on the result of the preliminary test, the treatment group was given a single dose of cardamom seed extract 2000mg /kg BW, whilst the control group was given distilled water. Observations of any toxic signs or dead were conducted every 30 minutes in the first 4 hours and continued once per day until 14thday. Assessment of the degree of liver damage was done using the liver damaged scoring and compared using the Mann Whitney test (α = 0.05).
The average liver damage score of control and treatment groups is 0.96 ± 0,856 and 0.96 ± 0,604, respectively, and did not show any statistically significant differences (p>0,05).
Kapulagaseeds (Amomum cardamomum) had no acute toxic effect based on the liver histopathological structure of Wistar rats.
Global survival rate of patients with beta thalassemia major: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Soltani Maryam , Hassanipour Soheil , Veisani Yousef , Darbandi Mitra , Rezaiean Shahab 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Thalassemia is a public health challenge in the countries entitled belt thalassemia but there is no pooled estimated of the survival rate on thalassemia major patients. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the pooled 10-, 15-, 20-, and 30-year survival rates of the patients with beta thalassemia major around the world.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search of five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of knowledge and ProQuest was conducted to identify studies reporting survival rate of beta thalassemia major until March 2020.
Results: From 714 retrieved studies, seven studies with 8777 subjects included in the meta-analysis. Base on random effect model, the 10-, 15-, 20-, and 30-year survival rates were 98.39, 95.07, 90.41, and 82.93 percent, respectively.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis provided acceptable results for estimating survival rate of beta-thalassemia compared to other studies. Hence, these results can be effectively used to develop and implement prevention and treatment interventions for policy makers.
Nutrition and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Qalqili Tamara , Rayyan Yaser , Tayyem Reema 
Published: April 2021

Many dietary and lifestyle factors are found to be associated with the pathogenesis of IBD. The purpose of this study is to review the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with IBD. Several studies in IBD were discussed, and highlighted the independent effects of various dietary and lifestyle factors on the risk of IBD. IBD is chronic relapsing intestinal inflammatory disease characterized by complex interactions of multiple factors including smoking, major life stressors, diet and lifestyle. This paper attempts to investigate the association between dietary patterns and IBD risk and compare lifestyle factors among IBD patients. Dietary factors tend to play a pivotal role in the disease etiopathogenesis and course. However, research on food and IBD is contradictory. An excessive intake of sugar and animal fat is considered a risk factor for the development of IBD, whereas a high fiber diet and high intake of fruits and vegetables may play a protective effect. The role of lifestyle factors in IBD is crucial. Amply of evidence suggested that smoking is a causative agent in CD while it is protective against UC. Stress, depression, vitamin D deficiency and impaired sleep have all been all associated with incident IBD. A diet with a modified carbohydrate composition, a semi-vegetarian diet, a diet low in protein and fat and a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols should be taken into consideration for IBD patients.
Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Anthriscus nemorosa on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Forouhandeh Haleh , Zarchini Mahtab , Safarzadeh Elham , Molavi Omoleila , Asgharian Parina , Tarhriz Vahideh 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The present study concerns the cytotoxic activity of A. nemorosa different extracts on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and normal cell lines (HFFF).
Methods: Different extracts of aerial parts of A. nemorosa were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. The cytotoxicity of samples was assessed by MTT assay on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and noncancerous cells (HFFF) with different concentrations of extracts in 24 and 48 hours. The most potent extract was fractioned and cytotoxic activity of fractions was considered, As well. A flow cytometry (annexin V/PI) assay has been used for detecting the mechanism of cell death in sample treated cell lines. Moreover, for clarifying volatile components of n-Hexane extract and its 80% and 100% VLC fractions were subjected to GC-MS apparatus.
Results: Results indicated that n-Hexane extract and its 80% and 100% VLC fractions exhibited a significant (p<0.001) inhibitory effect on the growth of the MCF-7 cell line compared to the control group. Meanwhile, flow cytometry analysis revealed that potent extract caused cell death through necrosis and 80% and 100% fractions showed different mechanisms (such as autophagy). The major compounds, which maybe were in charge of showing cytotoxic activity were non-terpenoids.
Conclusion: This study provides the evidence that in vitro cytotoxic activity of n-Hexane extract and 80% and 100% VLC fractions of A. nemorosa inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells (MCF7) via a different mechanism.
Risk Factors Associated with Diabetic Foot Disease in Diabetes Patients: First National Study in Oman
Authors: Al Jabri Abdullah Rashid , Al Mawali Adhra 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the correlation betweenmultiple risk factors in the development of DFD in Oman. It also, aims to Identify the effect of having multiple significant risk factors on the disease progression and to explore which risk factor shows the highest correlation with disease development.
Methods: A retrospective caseâ€“control study was conducted with 100patients and 200 controls. Data of the participants was extracted from hospitalâ€™s Electronic Patient Record System (Alshifa) from 2000 to 2018. Chi square, Fisher exact test,Odds Ratio and Multiple regression analysis were used to determine the significance of various risk factors.
Rusults: Having a HbA1c > 7, Body Mass Index > 30 kg/m2 (BMI), and blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg showed a strong correlation with the development of DFD. Other risk factors such as age of diabetes, gender, total blood cholesterol, triglyceride levels, LDL, and HDL did not show anysignificant correlation with DFD.

Conclusion: Risk factors for DFD are highly prevalent in our society, controlling these risk factors could minimize the morbidity and the mortality related to this disease as well as reducing the economic impact related to it. Proper education for those at a higher risk could play an important role in the control of this disease.
Assessment of compliance with a color coded protocol for non-elective cesarean section in a maternity ward in France.
Authors: Vetier Oriane , Yanni Marie-Alice , Lassel Linda , Isly Helene , Beuchée Alain , LOUS Maela LE 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The aim of a color coded protocol for non-elective
cesarean-sections is to improve decision-delivery interval by better
organization of care in a maternity unit. We set out to assess
compliance of a color coded protocol and its impact on maternal and
neonatal outcomes since its implementation in our maternity ward.
Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study including a sample
of 200 patients per year who underwent an non-elective cesarean section
delivery in Rennes University Hospital from January 1, 2015 to December
31, 2018. Patients were grouped by year and by color code (red, orange
or green). The main outcome was compliance with the protocol (color code
in accordance with indication for cesarean section) and compliance with
the corresponding decision-delivery interval. Secondary outcomes were
maternal and neonatal outcomes. The statistical tests performed were
Fisher’s test for qualitative parameters and Kruskal-Wallis test for
quantitative parameters. Results: Eight hundred patients were included
during the study period. There was no significant difference in patient
characteristics over the years. There was a significant improvement in
protocol compliance: full compliance increased from 22.4% in 2015 to
76.5% in 2018 (p<0.0001). No difference was observed in the
decision-delivery interval overall but compliance with the 15-minute
decision-delivery interval imposed by a red coded protocol increased
between 2015 and 2018 (p=0.0020). Conclusion: We observed a significant
improvement in compliance with the color coded protocol between 2015 and
2018 and in the 15-minute decision-delivery deadline for the red code.
EL PROCESO DECISORIO EN LA ESTIMACIÓN DE METAS PRESUPUESTARIAS: UN ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO ENTRE BRASIL Y PERÚ
Authors: Cesar Ana Maria Roux Valentini Coelho , Perez Gilberto , Olivares José Henrique Louffat 
Published: April 2021

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprobar si hay diferencias en el comportamiento decisorio de funcionarios que actúan en empresas situadas en Brasil o en Perú, cuando estos funcionarios realizan estimaciones de metas presupuestales. Como base teórica para el análisis del proceso de toma de decisión se presentó un modelo que considera temas de economía, psicología y neurociencia cognitiva. El estudio de naturaleza cuantitativa descriptiva, se caracteriza como un Survey. Para la recolección de datos en esa etapa se desarrolló un cuestionario electrónico con 30 preguntas cerradas, usando una escala ordinal de 10 puntos, con el cual se obtuvieron los siguientes totales: en Brasil (303 encuestados) y en Perú (73 encuestados). Los datos fueron analizados empleándose ecuaciones estructurales (método PLS-SEM). Los resultados muestran que hay semejanzas y diferencias en el comportamiento de los gestores en Brasil y Perú. Tanto en Brasil como en Perú los mecanismos para selección de la información afectan la decisión racional como la que se basa en expertos; en Brasil los aspectos socio afectivos afectan la decisión racional, pero no la decisión por expertos, mientras que en Perú ella afecta a los dos tipos de decisión; el peso de las relaciones entre búsqueda de la información y factores socio afectivos sobre la decisión racional o sobre el expertos varían dentro de los diferentes países, pero el modelo estructural propuesto para análisis del proceso de decisión se mantiene.
Estética e ecologia: uma dualidade? Uma busca sistemática para a arquitetura da paisagem | Aesthetics and ecology: a duality? A systematic search for landscape architecture
Authors: Olivo Carla Martins , Meneguetti Karin Schwabe 
Published: April 2021

A paisagem contemporânea, caracterizada pelo habitat humano natural e urbano, apresenta um panorama plural de ideias e práticas. Nesse contexto, a arquitetura da paisagem aparece como atividade proeminente de projeto, evidenciando espaços livres e verdes. Entende-se que há reequilíbrios entre noções de proteção e de consumo configurando a paisagem contemporânea e, diante disso, este artigo investiga se a relação entre dois importantes fundamentos, estética e ecologia, permanece polarizada. Assim, utiliza-se do processo de busca sistemática para abordar a teoria da arquitetura da paisagem contemporânea, delineando um portfólio de artigos provenientes de dois relevantes periódicos da área, a partir de palavras-chave, para discutir os limites do campo disciplinar da arquitetura da paisagem explorando natureza, escala e impacto da profissão, bem como a inserção de novos paradigmas. Destaca-se a elasticidade entre planejamento e projeto da paisagem, que elabora continuidades e mudanças teóricas e, ainda, propicia encontros colaborativos, como a estética ecológica e projeto (ou design) ecológico.
Debunking the Diffusion of Senet
Authors: Crist Walter 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Senet—perhaps the most famous of all the games of antiquity—has captured the imagination of scholars and lay people alike. Recognized as a game played by the Egyptians since the beginnings of archaeological research, and one of the first ancient games to be recognized outside of Greek and Roman texts, it has been one of the most discussed games of antiquity both in academia and in popular media. Nevertheless, understanding of this game remains incomplete. New evidence and more nuanced interpretations of old evidence continues to expand on our knowledge of senet. This paper seeks to correct some of the misconceptions about the game, which often seek to trace the development of later board games to senet. Furthermore, it aspires to encourage scholars from all disciplines who study games to critically reevaluate common conceptions of games relevant to their regions and time periods.
Solvency and Fixed Assets Financing of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Sector in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Bogićević Jasmina , Karapavlović Nemanja , Jovković Biljana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to examine solvency and fixed assets financing of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing sector (Sector A) in the Republic of Serbia. We also examine whether there is a difference between this Sector’s enterprises and entrepreneurs regarding these two aspects of their financial position. The research is based on the Financial Statements Annual Bulletins available on the official website of the Serbian Business Registers Agency. The period of six consecutive years is covered (2013-2018). Solvency and fixed assets financing were analyzed separately for Sector A enterprises and entrepreneurs. Standard ratio indicators were used to determine these relevant aspects of financial position. The conducted analysis showed differences between this Sector’s enterprises and entrepreneurs regarding the solvency. The research results revealed that, despite a slight improvement in certain solvency indicators, entrepreneurs were insolvent during the observed period. The fixed assets financing indicators showed that the lack of equity for new investments financing was compensated mainly by long-term borrowing at enterprises’ level and by short-term borrowed sources at entrepreneurs’ level.
Analysis of Non-Performing Loans’ Determinants in the Banking Sector of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Ristić Kristijan , Jemović Mirjana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
After the financial deregulation that marked the last two decades of the 20th century, banks lost their monopolistic position and faced a number of competitors on the financial market. Fighting for their market share, banks began to grant loans under more relaxed terms. This policy increased the share of non-performing loans (NPLs) and ultimately increased credit risk in the banking sector. The share of non-performing loans in total loans indicates the quality of bank assets, so their analysis and trend are an important parameter in assessing the stability of the banking and overall financial sector. The paper aims to analyze the NPL trend in the banking sector of the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2010-2019 and, thus, identify determinants that significantly affect the extent of credit risk. The research uses vector autoregressive model (VAR), and the results confirm that gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment, return on total assets (ROA), cost efficiency, capital adequacy ratio, and income diversification affect NPLs. The analysis shows that the level of non-performing loans depends on a number of factors, both macroeconomic and bank-specific, which regulatory authorities must keep in mind when assessing the credit risk that banks face.
Micromorphology and anatomy of fruits of Angelica archangelica L. (Apiaceae) and their intraspecific differentiation
Authors: Forycka Anna , Morozowska Maria 
Published: April 2021

Summary

Introduction:
Angelica archangelica L. (Apiaceae) has a long history of use as a vegetable and medicinal plant. According to the European Pharmacopoeia, the angelica root (Angelica radix) of only one of the sub-species – Angelica archangelica subsp. archangelica (formerly known as Archangelica officinalis) – is used as a source of plant material with documented medicinal properties. Within this species, there are two subspecies that are difficult to classify unambiguously: subsp. archangelica and subsp. litoralis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a micromorphological and anatomical description of fruits of A archangelica and identify new diagnostic characters useful in subspecies identification.

Methods: A comparative analysis of the sculpture and internal structure of fruits of the distinguished A archangelica taxa was conducted, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results: Based on the taxonomic characters in the Apiaceae family, micromorphological and anatomical characteristics of A archangelica fruits were prepared. Some of the investigated characters, e.g. verrucose sculpture of the oil duct surface and the presence of hooked hairs, exhibited intraspecific differences. Among the anatomical characters, the variation was related to the number and size of the paraendocarpic oil ducts as well as to the thickness of dorsal and commissural mesocarp.

Conclusion: SEM examination of fruits of A archangelica provided a detailed description of their sculptures and several micromorphological and anatomical characters of potential diagnostic value.
Blistering Beetle Dermatitis Mimicking Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: a Case Report
Authors: Das Pankaj , Arora Sandeep , Singh Gautam Kumar , Bahuguna Amit , Singh Neelam , Bellad Prashant , Gupta Aakansha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Blistering beetle dermatitis is an important dermatological disease of tropical countries. Although the clinical features are classical, little awareness amongst medical practitioners may cause difficulties in the diagnosis of this condition. Further, it may sometimes mimic an unrelated disease which can lead to delay in treatment causing prolonged suffering of the patient. We present a case of blistering beetle dermatitis that was initially misdiagnosed as a case of herpeszoster ophthalmicus. The case is presented to reinforce awareness on this dermatologicaldis-ease and discuss its atypical presentation and its management.
Piloleiomyoma Presented by Multiple Cutaneous Nodules: a Case Report
Authors: Cahangirova Lala , Musayev Jamal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction. Piloleiomyoma is a rare benign tumor which is caused by erector pili muscle and makes up 5% of all leiomyomas. They can be solitary and multiple. Multiple lesions still pose challenges for clinicians since their treatment option is very limited.

Case report. We report a case of a 25-year-old male patient who had painful papules and nodules on the neck and chest for three years. Multiple red-brown papules and nodules in the skin of regio mammaria dextra and regio submandibularis on the left were seen on physical examination. Histopathological examination of punch bi-were seen on physical examination. Histopathological examination of punch biopsy sample revealed well-circumscribed nodule composed of spindle cells. The case was reported as cutaneous leiomyoma (piloleiomyoma). The patient was given 5 mg/day amlodipin and kept under control.

Conclusion. The ideal treatment option for piloleiomyoma is surgical excision, but the problem with that treatment is that the lesions have tendency to recur. Medicamentous therapy plays a limited role; however, calcium-channel blockers and α-adrenergic blockers may help in palliating or eliminating associated pain through inhibition of smooth muscle contraction.
A Chinese Whore Making Good Business on Gold Mountain: Using Historical Research to Create Historical Fiction
Authors: Blanchard Jacqueline 
Published: April 2021

For the 2011 – 2012 school year, I engaged in a year-long research project on Chinese sex workers in the “Wild West” during the Antebellum period. Typically brought to the United States under false pretences by members of Chinese tongs, Chinese sex workers were kept in homes and brothels starting from a very young age. Missionary groups attempted to "free” Chinese sex workers from these brothels, educate them and raise awareness of their plight. Historical accounts of these activities come exclusively from the perspective of the missionaries themselves, rather than the perspective of Chinese sex workers, which results in a biased account of Chinese sex workers as helpless girls. However, the research that I did indicates that there may have been examples of agency amongst Chinese sex workers. In order to share my research on agency amongst Chinese sex workers during the Antebellum period, I opted to write a historical fiction (a short story which was eventually published in the Queen’s Undergraduate Review). It is the process of translating historical research into historical fiction which I will focus on presenting. I rewrote the story and plot a number of times in order to maintain a balance of historical fact and creative license, and I struggled with the ethics of portraying historical characters and events for creative purposes. I learned what’s valuable for writing a successful historical fiction: exhaustive research, the understanding that realism is more impactful than sensationalism, and constant awareness of personal agenda or bias.