bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of antibacterial silver nanoparticles using essential oils of crown imperial leaves, bulbs and petals
Authors: Zakeri Zohreh , Allafchian Alireza , Vahabi Mohammad Reza , Jalali Seyed Amir Hossein 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this research, the essential oils obtained from leaves, bulbs and petals of crown imperial plant are used as reducing agents to fabricate silver nanoparticles. The aromatic hydrocarbons, alkenes, ketenes and alkaloids are among the compounds identified in the essential oils as detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The characteristics of silver nanoparticles are investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and XRD. The chemical groups and surface resonance characteristics of the samples are revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV‐Visible spectroscopy, accordingly. The field emission scanning electron microscopy results show that the silver nanoparticles form nanoscale spheres with a mean diameter of 27 ± 14 nm in case of the sample obtained by essential oil of petals as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. This sample shows a UV‐Visible absorption band at 450 nm. The antibacterial activity of the silver nanoparticles shows a remarkable inhibition capability against all of the tested bacteria, with the sample obtained from petals exhibiting the strongest antibacterial effect in agreement with the obtained minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values. The cell viability assay using Vero cell line reveals a nearly constant viability rate above 125 μg/mL of silver nanoparticles.
A new dual‐input high step‐up DC–DC converter with reduced switches stress and low input current ripple
Authors: Samadian Ataollah , Hashemzadeh Seyed Majid , Marangalu Milad Ghavipanjeh , Maalandish Mohammad , Hosseini Seyed Hossein 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a novel structure of non‐isolated dual‐input ultra‐high step‐up DC–DC converter with low voltage stress across semiconductor elements and low input current ripple is suggested. In the presented converter, when the power switches are turned‐OFF, two inputs inductors become series and the input current ripple will be reduced. This topology benefits from the superiorities of voltage multiplier cell and coupled inductor. The voltage conversion ratio can be controlled by coupled inductor turns ratio and duty cycle of power switches. So, the voltage conversion ratio of the suggested structure is flexible. Using the voltage multiplier cell not only increases the voltage gain, but also the voltage stress across power switches and diodes is decreased. In order to confirm the presented structure performance, the theoretical study includes operation principle and steady‐state analysis, and simulation results are provided. Also, the suggested converter has been compared with other similar converters versus voltage gain, efficiency, number of components, maximum voltage across switches and diodes. Finally, a 350 W experimental prototype of the converter is built to shows the effectiveness of the presented converter.
A new adaptive track correlation method for multiple scenarios
Authors: Cui Yaqi , Liu Yu , Tang Tiantian , Zhu Hongfeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe traditional track correlation methods have problems such as limitation of the application scenarios, unstable performances and poor practicalities. To solve those problems, a new adaptive track correlation method for multiple scenarios was proposed in this paper using the theories and methods from machine learning. Through interpreting and translating the track correlation problem in the field of information fusion into the classification recognition problem in the field of machine learning, the new method was derived based on deep convolutional neural networks. The association performance and adaptation capabilities of the proposed method had been validated by simulation experiments. The results show that the proposed method is better than the traditional methods with respect to association performance and adaptation capabilities, and can solve the track association problems for multiple scenarios, for example sensors have systematic errors and targets are dense or in formation. Thus, it can be predicted that the proposed method would have a well‐applied foreground.
Matrix pencil method for topography‐adaptive digital beam‐forming in synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Rommel Tobias , Huber Sigurd , Younis Marwan , Chandra Madhu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSpaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with digital beam‐forming (DBF) in elevation uses very sharp time‐variant antenna beams to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and range ambiguity‐to‐signal ratio. In acquisition scenarios of imprecisely known Earth topography, however, antenna pointing might be mismatched with surface geometry. To handle this issue, it is suggested that preprocessing is applied to DBF to determine the angle of the incident echo signal on the planar antenna array. The authors derive a method that estimates the direction of arrival on the acquired raw data with high accuracy in real time. The method is based on the matrix pencil, which is a common approach in mathematics for solving linear equation systems. As a key innovation, this paper describes further improvements and adaptions to SAR scenarios and provides a possible concept for practical implementation. For proof of concept, a series of different simulation tasks is performed.
Standard solar models: Perspectives from updated solar neutrino fluxes and gravity-mode period spacing
Authors: Salmon S. J. A. J. , Buldgen G. , Noels A. , Eggenberger P. , Scuflaire R. , Meynet G. 
Published: May 2021

Context.Thanks to the vast and exquisite set of observations that have been made available for the Sun, our star is by far an ideal target for testing stellar models with a unique precision. A recent issue under consideration in the field is related to the progress in the solar surface abundances derivation that has led to a decrease of the solar metallicity. While the former high-metallicity models were in fair agreement with other observational indicators from helioseismology and solar neutrino fluxes, it is no longer the case for low-metallicity models. This issue has become known as ‘the solar problem’. Recent data are, however, promising to shed a new light on it. For instance, in 2020, the Borexino Collaboration released the first-ever complete estimate of neutrinos emitted in the CNO cycle, which has reaffirmed the role of the neutrino constraints in the solar modelling process and their potential in exploring related issues. In parallel, a newly claimed detection of solar gravity modes of oscillation offers another opportunity for probing the stratification in the Sun’s central layers.Aims.We propose combining the diagnoses from neutrinos and helioseismology, both from pressure and gravity modes, in assessing the predictions of solar models. We compare in detail the different physical prescriptions currently at our disposal with regard to stellar model computations.Methods.We build a series of solar standard models based on a variation of the different physical ingredients directly affecting the core structure: opacity, chemical mixture, nuclear reactions rates. We compare the predictions of these models to their observational counterparts for the neutrinos fluxes, gravity-mode period spacing, and low-degree pressure mode frequency ratios.Results.The CNO neutrino flux confirms previous findings, exhibiting a preference for high-metallicity models. Nevertheless, we find that mild modification of the nuclear screening factors can re-match low-metallicity model predictions to observed fluxes, although it does not restore the agreement with the helioseismic frequency ratios. Neither the high-metallicity or low-metallicity models are able to reproduce the gravity-mode period spacing. The disagreement is huge, more than 100σto the observed value. Reversely, the family of standard models narrows the expected range of the Sun’s period spacing: between ∼2150 and ∼2190 s. Moreover, we show this indicator can constrain the chemical mixture, opacity, and – to a lower extent – nuclear reactions in solar models.
Histomorphological and Morphometric Evaluation of Microvessel Density in Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Using CD34 and CD105
Authors: Kataria Sant Prakash , Malik Shivani , Yadav Roomi , Kapil Raman , Sen Rajeev ,   Sucheta
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground Expression of angiogenic markers determined by microvessel density (MVD) could be used as a reliable predictor of prognosis and as a potential target for antiangiogenic therapy in different categories of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate MVD using immunohistochemical methods and computer-assisted quantitative image analysis in nodal NHL patients and compare CD34 and CD105 expression in lymph nodes of NHL patients.Materials and Methods The present study was conducted on 60 lymph node biopsies received in the Department of Pathology at our tertiary care center for histopathological examination. Representative paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin along with immunohistochemical stains for CD34 and CD105. MVDs were analyzed at 400× using automated image analyzer by two investigators independently.Statistical Analysis Data were calculated, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) statistical program version 18. The values entered were mean of morphometric parameters. In all tests, p-values below 0.05 were regarded as significant.Results MVD was determined by CD34 and CD105 antibody highly correlated with different categories of NHL. Higher MVD was observed in cases of aggressive NHL as compared with indolent NHL and the difference was statistically significantly. MVD using CD105 was correlated more strongly as compared to CD34 with different categories of NHL.Conclusion The present study concluded that NHL exhibits potent angiogenic activity that increased significantly with increasing aggressiveness. The study also demonstrated that CD105 is more specific than CD34 as a marker of neoangiogenesis in NHL.
“Radiation Recall Phenomenon” with Novel Cytotoxic Agents: An Emerging Trend in the Last Decade
Authors: Mandal Avik , Singh Pritanjali , Tandon Sarthak , Singh Dharmendra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRadiation recall phenomenon (RRP) is an acute inflammatory reaction manifested in the previously irradiated tissues after the administration of various pharmacologic compounds. While skin manifestations are the most common clinical features, patients may also present with visceral recall events including pneumonitis, hematuria, myopathy, and mucositis if any particular organ was exposed to the prior radiation portals. This article has reviewed the published case reports, case series, abstracts, and poster presentations in the past 10 years in any language on RRP caused by various novel cytotoxic drugs including immunotherapies, molecularly targeted agents, and unconventional chemotherapies. We retrieved the data through the literature search of MEDLINE and PubMed using the keywords “radiation,” “recall,” “targeted therapy,” and “immunotherapy,” and references identified in retrieved articles were also used for further search of the literature. With the increasing use of unconventional, novel cytotoxic agents and targeted molecules, concurrent or sequentially with radiation, we expect more incidences of RRP in future that may present with either dermatological or visceral recall reactions.
COVID-19, Cancer, and Congregation: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in New Delhi
Authors: Nair Rajesh , Kaushik M. R. , Kishore Kislay , Singh H. P. , Vardhan Vasu , Suresh P. , Kumar Manish , Rathore Anvesh , Thareja Sandeep , Rana Sandeep , Bhuva Dipen , Malviya Anupam , Patel Amol 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective Indian data on cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and its outcome are limited. Infectivity and outcome among cancer patients staying in large congregations are not known. We conducted this study to address this lacuna in literature.Methods This was a retrospective–prospective, observational study of hospitalized cancer patients with proven COVID-19 infection, conducted at tertiary care hospital in New Delhi after ethical approval. We analyzed clinical, laboratorial parameters, and outcomes in these patients.Results All 32 admitted male patients became COVID-19 positive and 10 (31%) patients were symptomatic. Median age was 37.5 years (range: 16–64). Sixteen health-care workers (HCWs) were working in the cancer ward (paramedical staff: 4, nurses: 6, residents: 4, and consultants: 2). Among HCWs, two nursing staff and three paramedical staff contracted asymptomatic COVID-19. Eighteen (56%) and 14 (44%) patients were on curative and palliative treatment, respectively. Leukopenia (total leukocyte count <4,000/μL) was seen in 37.5% of cases. Grades 4, 3, 2, and 1 neutropenia were present in 12.5% of patents. Two (6.25%) patients had features of critical COVID-19. Eight (25%) patients received treatment with hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin. Five patients died. Three patients had features of progressive disease with poor performance status. One critical COVID patient survived and one succumbed to COVID-19. Patients shared a common dining room, sanitation area.Conclusion Seventy percent of cancer patients were asymptomatic. Cancer patients living in congregation areas are susceptible to COVID-19 with 3% mortality rate. Recent chemotherapy and associated cytopenias may not increase the risk in cancer patients with COVID-19 treated with curative intent. Palliative intended patients are at increased risk of death. N-95, personal protective equipment, and adherence to infection control measures should be encouraged.
Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow).
Authors: Vélez-Gavilán Jeanine 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

A. hirtum is a perennial herb or shrub which is a common weed, listed as an invasive in Cuba, French Polynesia and New Caledonia (Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012; PIER, 2015). It is not considered a threat at high elevations (PIER, 2015). It was likely introduced in some countries to cultivate it for traditional medicinal uses, for its fibres or as an ornamental (Kshirsagar and Singh, 2001; Brussell, 2004; Achigan-Dako, 2010; Wesley et al., 2013). No details are given about the level of invasiveness or the impacts of the species where it is reported as invasive. It is reported as a serious weed of agriculture in Ghana, Thailand, Nigeria and Sudan; and as a common weed in India (Achigan-Dako, 2010; PIER, 2015). A risk assessment available on PIER (2015) gives it a score of 5 (reject for introduction).
Nelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

N. canescens is a fast-growing species that can grow as a weed in native and secondary wet forests as well as in agricultural land (Daniel, 2001; Ekeleme and Chikoye, 2003; Essandoh et al., 2011; Randall, 2012; Mahbubur, 2013). Consequently, it is outcompeting native and crop plants for common resources such as water, mineral nutrients, space and light (Ekeleme and Chikoye, 2003; Essandoh et al., 2011). In Puerto Rico, N. canescens is listed as invasive in riparian forests, secondary wet forests and disturbed grassy areas (US National Herbarium; Rojas-Sandoval and Acevedo, unpublished data).
Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

G. parviflora is a cosmopolitan fast-growing annual herb with the capacity to invade agricultural and other disturbed areas in most temperate and subtropical regions of the world (Holm et al., 1979). It is highly competitive and can spread quickly, often being the dominant species in a field. G. parviflora generates considerable economic impact on crop systems, greenhouses, gardens and nurseries. It is listed as an invasive and noxious weed in North America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and on islands in the Pacific Ocean (see Distribution Table for details).
Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird).
Authors: Roy Helen , Kenis Marc 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

H. axyridis, a species of Asian origin, has been used as a biological control agent against aphids worldwide. The first releases were made in North America in 1916, but it was not until 1988 that the first individuals were found in the wild. Since then, it has rapidly invaded most of North America and Europe, and it is now spreading in other regions such as South America and South Africa. In most invaded regions, numbers have increased exponentially and H. axyridis has quickly become the most abundant ladybird in a wide range of habitats. The invasion of H. axyridis causes concern for the populations of native ladybirds and other aphidophagous insects, which it may displace through intraguild predation and competition for resources. It is also regarded as a grape [Vitis vinifera] and wine pest, and as a human nuisance because it aggregates in buildings when seeking overwintering sites in the autumn.
Pilosella caespitosa (yellow hawkweed).
Authors: Cortat Ghislaine , Grosskopf Gitta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

P. caespitosa is a stoloniferous rosette plant which has spread rapidly to exotic locations outside its native range, namely to North America after its introduction as a garden ornamental or contaminant of agricultural seed. It continues to be available as an ornamental and can be easily transported by machinery and as such is likely to spread further. P. caespitosa is an undesirable invader on account of its vigorous growth due to stolon, rhizome and adventitious root bud production and wind-dispersed seeds which are produced in high numbers. P. caespitosa displaces desirable pasture plants leading to loss of forage and biodiversity. Early infestations of P. caespitosa which are still very small may be difficult to spot since this weed occurs on upland pastures and forest meadows in parts of the USA, and it is a declared weed in the states of Idaho and Washington (USDA-NRCS, 2016).
Pilosella officinarum (mouse-ear hawkweed).
Authors: Cortat Ghislaine , Grosskopf Gitta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

P. officinarum is a prostrate herb which has spread rapidly to exotic locations (e.g. New Zealand, North America and South America) after introduction as a garden ornamental or contaminant of agricultural seed. As it continues to be available as an ornamental and can be easily transported by machinery, P. officinarum is likely to spread further. It is an undesirable invader on account of its vigorous growth due to stolon production and wind-dispersed seeds. P. officinarum displaces the inter-tussock vegetation leading to loss of forage and biodiversity.
Community-Engaged History: A Reflection on the 100th Anniversary of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre
Authors: Hill Karlos K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
How does scholarship live in the world, connected to real-world issues? Why should historians embrace community-engaged history as a means to effect social change? This essay addresses these questions by chronicling one historian’s efforts to align his scholarly expertise with addressing the polarizing legacies of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre, one of the deadliest outbreaks of anti-Black violence in American history.
The Risk and Influencing Factors of Hypertension in Jinchang Cohort
Authors: Miao Qian , Zheng Shan , Luo Yan , Wang Ming-zhen , Zhu Wen-zhi , Shi Qin , Li Hai-yan , Bai Ya-na 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of hypertension in Jinchang cohort.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted to collect the baseline and follow-up information of 22,826 employees from 2011 to 2015 based on the Jinchang cohort platform. The incidence of hypertension in the cohort was calculated and the influencing factors were analyzed by Cox proportional risk model.

Results
The subjects were followed up for an average of 22 years, and the incidence density of hypertension was 56.31/1000 person-years. Multivariate Cox regression results showed that the main risk factors for hypertension in the population included age ≥40 years, alcohol consumption, high-salt diet, history of diabetes, family history of hypertension, overweight and obesity, baseline systolic blood pressure ≥110 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥75 mm Hg, and higher education levels (middle school, high school, and above) were a protective factor. The incidence of grade 1 hypertension was related to age, drinking, history of diabetes, family history of hypertension and baseline blood pressure levels, and the incidence of grades 2 and 3 hypertension was related to high-salt diet, family history of hypertension, overweight or obesity, and baseline blood pressure levels.

Conclusions
The Jinchang cohort has a higher risk of hypertension. Age, unhealthy lifestyle, history of diabetes, family history of hypertension, obesity, and baseline blood pressure are strongly associated with the onset of hypertension. There are differences in the risk factors for the occurrence of grades 1, 2, and 3 hypertension.
Adherence to Treatment by Initial Antihypertensive Mono and Combination Therapies
Authors: Rea Federico , Savaré Laura , Franchi Matteo , Corrao Giovanni , Mancia Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Aim of our study was to compare adherence to antihypertensive drug therapy between newly treated patients in whom monotherapy or a 2-drug single-pill combination (SPC) was initially dispensed.

Methods
The 63,448 residents of Lombardy Region (Italy), aged 40–80 years, who were newly treated with antihypertensive drugs during 2016, were identified and followed for 1 year after the first prescription. The outcome of interest was adherence to drug therapy that was measured according to the “proportion of days covered” (PDC) criterion, i.e., the ratio between the number of days in which the drug was available and the days of follow-up. Patients who had a PDC &gt;75% and &lt;25% were defined as highly and poorly adherent to drug therapy, respectively. Log-binomial regression models were fitted to compare the propensity to treatment adherence between the initial therapeutic strategies, after adjusting for baseline demographic and clinical covariates.

Results
About 46% and 17% of patients showed high and poor adherence, respectively. Compared with patients under initial monotherapy (85%), those who were initially treated with a SPC (15%) had higher propensity to be highly adherent and a lower propensity to be poorly adherent to antihypertensive treatment (risk ratio: 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.16–1.21; 0.42, 0.39–0.45, respectively). This was the case regardless the sex, the age, the patient clinical status, and with almost any type of SPC.

Conclusions
In a real-life setting, patients who were initially prescribed a 2-drug SPC exhibited more frequently a good adherence to antihypertensive treatment than those starting with a single drug.
A Case Report of Capsular Contracture Immediately Following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Restifo Richard J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Capsular contracture is fundamentally an immunological/inflammatory response to the implant, treating it as a foreign body in need of exclusion from the immune system. The capsule surrounding the implant is populated by a rich variety of immunologically active cells such as macrophages, T lymphocytes, and myofibroblasts. Vaccination in general and the COVID-19 vaccine in particular result in specific and nonspecific activation of the immune system, including those immune cells in proximity to the implant. This phenomenon has been previously demonstrated in delayed inflammatory reactions to previously implanted hyaluronic acid fillers following COVID-19 vaccination. This report is what is believed to be the first case of the rapid development of severe ipsilateral capsular contracture in the immediate aftermath of the second dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) vaccine.