bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N‐Demethylsinomenine Relieves Neuropathic Pain in Male Mice Mainly via Regulating α2‐Subtype GABAA Receptors
Authors: Rong Weiwei , Qian Xunjia , Yin Yujian , Gu Yipeng , Su Weiyi , Li Jie‐Jia , Xu Yue , Zhu Hongyan , Li Junxu , Zhu Qing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsN‐Demethylsinomenine (NDSM) demonstrates good analgesic efficacy in preclinical pain models. However, how NDSM exerts analgesic actions remains unknown.MethodsWe examined the analgesic effects of NDSM using both pain‐evoked and pain‐suppressed behavioral assays in two persistent pain models. Then western blot assay and immunofluorescence staining were used to investigate the effects of NDSM on the expression of the GABAA receptor α2 subunit (GABRA2) and inflammatory factors in the spinal cord and brain tissues of male spared nerve injury (SNI) mice. Finally, the individual subtypes of GABAARs (α1, α2, α3, and α5) were respectively silenced by viral‐mediated knockdown to explore the involvement of subtypes of GABAARs in the effects of NDSM on the pain‐like behaviors in male SNI mice.ResultsNDSM demonstrated significant analgesic effects against chronic pain both in pain‐evoked and pain‐suppressed behavioral assays. NDSM treatment significantly reversed the SNI induced down‐regulation of GABRA2 and up‐regulation of TNF‐α and IL‐1β. The analgesic effects of NDSM were completely blocked by silencing GABRA2 or partially blocked by silencing GABRA3.ConclusionThis study provided the first evidence that the analgesic effects of NDSM are mediated primarily by GABRA2 and partially by GABRA3, and the inhibition of neuroinflammation also contributes to the analgesic effects of NDSM.
At First Sight: Fetal Eye Movements Reveal a Preference for Face‐Like Configurations From 26 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Ronga Irene , Poles Karol , Pace Carlotta , Fantoni Marta , Luppino Josephine , Gaglioti Pietro , Todros Tullia , Garbarini Francesca 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious research indicates that both adults and newborns show enhanced electrophysiological and behavioral responses to schematic face‐like configurations (FCs—three dots composing a downward‐pointing triangle), as compared to the inverted configurations (ICs). Even fetuses, when exposed to light stimuli projected through the uterine wall, preferentially orient their heads toward FCs rather than ICs. However, when this effect emerges along the third trimester of pregnancy and in relation to the maturation of which brain structures is still unknown. Here, to provide a sensitive measure of fetal preference for FCs along the whole third trimester, fetal lens movements in response to FCs and ICs was monitored with 2D‐ultrasound. In a series of three experiments, fetuses were recruited at 26, 31, and 37 weeks of gestational age and were presented with both flashing and continuous light stimuli. Our results showed that significantly more lens movements were observed in response to continuous as compared to flashing light stimuli. Furthermore, lens movements linearly increased within the third trimester and, regardless of the time‐point, significantly more lens movements were observed in response to FCs versus ICs. We also found a significant correlation in the first time‐point, wherein the greater the FCs versus ICs differential response the larger the thalamic nuclei dimension. These findings suggest that FC preference is already present at the beginning of the third trimester, as soon as thalamocortical projections are established.
The adoption of alternatives: Alternative justice in cases of compulsory adoption of children
Authors: Rosenberg‐Lavi Shira 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCompulsory adoption of children is an extreme solution for caring for at‐risk children or those who are neglected within their own family. Such proceedings are initiated by welfare authorities who file a claim for the Family Court to decide to terminate parental rights and declare the child eligible for adoption. The parents are judged and measured by the accepted cultural and gender standards, even though some of them are strangers to the society they live in. Those who criticize the adversarial legal system point to the blurring of particular dimensions in the lives of those whose cases are discussed in court. The purpose of this article is to present four principles of alternative justice, which are common to alternative law movements, as a theoretical basis for discussion in the decision‐making process that may promote healing, balance power gaps, and improve relationships, and all in accordance with the unique aspects of each case. Each of the four principles will be demonstrated through a review of court rulings that dealt with compulsory adoptions of children in Israel, and which reflected the ideas inherent in those principles. The picture that emerges is that judges who act in the spirit of these principles, albeit unconsciously, improve the well‐being of the parties and promote therapeutic solutions. Since these principles are universal, they can be applied elsewhere.
Pre‐stroke patient characteristics that influence skeletal muscle quality: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Honma Keisuke , Honda Yosuke , Nagase Masahiro , Nakao Yuta , Sota Koichiro , Sasanuma Naoki , Igeta Masataka , Uchiyama Yuki , Domen Kazuhisa 
Published: January 2025

AimOne of the parameters that is measurable using bioelectrical impedance is the phase angle (PhA), which is an indicator of skeletal muscle quality. The PhA reflects cellular health and nutritional status and is an important parameter for monitoring recovery after stroke. However, the factors affecting skeletal muscle quality remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with skeletal muscle quality in patients with acute stroke.MethodsA total of 505 consecutively hospitalized patients with acute stroke were included in this study. The primary outcome was the PhA measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, which evaluates muscle quality. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting PhA.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 75.1 years, and 44% were female. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score upon admission was 4, and the mean length of stay was 18 days. The mean PhA for skeletal muscle quality was 4.9° in males and 3.9° in females. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, sex, pre‐stroke modified Rankin Scale (pre‐mRS), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, type 2 diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and chronic kidney disease had independent effects on PhA (R2 = 0.575; P = 0.001). Age, pre‐mRS, NIHSS, dementia, and PhA independently associated with functional independence measure at discharge (R2 = 0.657; P = 0.001).ConclusionsThis study identified determinants contributing to the deterioration of muscle quality upon admission in acute stroke patients. Further investigation is needed to ascertain whether modulation of these factors improves muscle quality. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 213–219.
Revitalizing Cities: The 5R Framework Approach to Urban Retrofitting and Big Data Insights
Authors: Ma Xinlin , Song Yan , Lyu Fangzheng , Yang Yang , Wang Yuhua , Li Xijing , Zhong Shaopeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUrban retrofitting is a fundamental approach for achieving sustainable and resilient urban development in the face of contemporary challenges. The increasing prevalence of urban big data presents an opportunity to establish a robust analytical framework for urban retrofitting, enabling more effective comparative studies and informed decision‐making. This paper introduces a comprehensive 5R framework—Re‐inhabitation, Re‐building, Re‐transportation, Re‐capitalization, and Re‐greening—to provide a multidimensional perspective on urban retrofitting. The 5R framework facilitates a holistic understanding of urban transformation processes and establishes standardized metrics for analyzing urban retrofitting initiatives using diverse urban big data sources. To demonstrate the adaptability and effectiveness of the 5R framework in a real‐world context, we conduct a case study of Charlotte, North Carolina. By applying innovative methods for the integration and analysis of extensive datasets, our study offers new insights into the evaluation of urban retrofitting efforts, such as transportation accessibility, micro‐scale building improvements, investment patterns, green space enhancements, and overall livability. This approach addresses existing research gaps by providing a structured set of indicators that assess each dimension of urban transformation comprehensively. Beyond academic advancements, the 5R framework offers practical tools for policymakers and urban planners to evaluate retrofitting interventions, quantify their outcomes, and understand the dynamics of evolving urban spaces. The insights gained through our research highlight the importance of using big data to enhance the scope and impact of urban development strategies, ultimately bridging the gap between theoretical concepts and real‐world urban retrofitting applications. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the 5R framework to serve as a guiding model for more sustainable, data‐driven urban growth and revitalization.
Chorotypes, zones for the conservation of Scarabaeoidea, and representativity in protected areas of El Salvador
Authors: Pablo‐Cea José D. , Ramírez‐Ponce Andrés , Moreno Claudia E. , Cave Ronald D. , Moctezuma Victor , Rojas‐Soto Octavio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ecological niche models and species distribution models (SDMs) are tools that can define a species' niche based on presence records and identify those areas where appropriate ecological conditions converge as zones of potential distribution for the species. SDMs help to optimise conservation efforts, particularly important in countries with ecological and economical problems.
We constructed SDMs by means of the Maxent algorithm for 160 species of scarab beetles (Scarabaeoidea) to identify chorotypes and important zones for conservation in El Salvador, and to evaluate richness representativity within the System of Protected Natural Areas (SANP).
The chorotypes were identified with UPGMA method, with a matrix of presence‐absence in ≈3 km2, and important zones for conservation were identified with the Zonation algorithm. The richness representation in the SANP was done with EstimateS, comparing the estimated by Chao 2 ± confidence intervals (95%) in the same number of cells (n = 811).
We identified five chorotypes: (C1) lowland and middleland species, (C2) species widely distributed, (C3) species with an affinity for mid‐elevations, (C4) species limited to lowlands, and (C5) species limited to high montane areas.
Most important conservation zones are located in montane regions. As in other tropical areas, the volcanic and montane slopes of El Salvador represent key areas for conserving biodiversity.
Species richness in the SANP was not significantly greater than that outside the system; therefore, we recommend continuous prioritisation and amplification of the protected natural heritage of the country, with emphasis on the mountainous area of the territory.
Generational Differences in Financial Well‐Being: Understanding Financial Knowledge, Skill, and Behavior
Authors: Fan Lu , Henager Robin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigated generational differences in financial knowledge, skill, behavior, and consumers' financial well‐being (FWB) among Millennials, Gen‐Xers, and Boomers. It examined generational differences as a moderating factor in the associations between financial knowledge, skill, and behavior and FWB. Using a national dataset and a series of hierarchical multiple regressions, the findings demonstrated that financial knowledge, skill, and responsible behavior were positively connected to consumer FWB across all generations. Generational variations were found in FWB, financial knowledge, and responsible financial behavior. Furthermore, generational differences moderated the links between objective financial knowledge, financial goal commitment, and consumer FWB in distinct ways across generational cohorts. Implications for educators, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners are discussed.
Boosting the melting point record to 4431 K: Simulated with machine learning potential at SCAN accuracy
Authors: Dai Fu‐Zhi , Xu Yifen , Hu Jidong , Zhu Shipeng , Gu Xin‐Fu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCarbides or carbonitrides in the Hf‐Ta‐C‐N system are believed to exhibit the highest melting point, attracting significant interest for both scientific and engineering means. In this study, we developed a machine learning potential model for Hf‐Ta‐C‐N carbonitrides at Strongly Constrained and Appropriately Normed (SCAN) semi‐local density functional accuracy. In addition, we proposed a novel critical equilibrium method for simulating melting points. Utilizing these two advancements, we successfully simulated solidus and liquidus lines in phase diagrams of HfC1−x and TaC1−x, demonstrating excellent agreement with experimental results. We then discovered new compounds with even higher melting points by employing Bayesian global optimization. The compound with the highest melting point found is Hf0.956Ta0.044C0.600N0.338, which has a melting point of 4431 K, surpassing the experimental record by approximately 150 K. We conducted an in‐depth thermodynamic analysis in the HfC–HfN pseudo‐binary system and found that the addition of N has a dual effect: on the one hand, it increases the enthalpy change due to melting () with a maximum value at ∼15 at% N in the anion site; on the other hand, it reduces the entropy of the liquid phase and increases the entropy of the solid phase (). This results in a maximum melting point at a specific N content. Furthermore, we discussed the effects of N alloying on thermal expansion and mechanical properties, which are invaluable for the ongoing development of carbonitrides. This research not only advances our understanding of Hf‐Ta‐C‐N carbonitrides but also provides a promising framework for future materials research and the development of materials with exceptional properties.
Non‐Pharmacological Interventions Targeting Sense of Coherence Among Older Adults and Adults With Chronic Conditions: A Meta‐Analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Liu Yaqian , Zhang Bohan , Montayre Jed , Koduah Adwoa Owusuaa , Leung Angela Y. M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSense of coherence (SoC) is a core concept of ‘salutogenesis’ in positive psychology, correlated with emotional distress and disease development in adults with chronic disease and older adults. A diversity of non‐pharmacological interventions (NPIs) has been developed to enhance SoC, but research findings are conflicting and the adequacy of sample sizes is uncertainty.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to explore appropriate interventions, evaluate the effectiveness of these SoC interventions and verify the statistical robustness and reliability of pooled results.MethodsSearch terms including ‘sense of coherence’ and ‘randomised controlled trial (RCT)’ were performed in nine electronic databases. Publications were written in English from January 1979 to February 2024. A narrative synthesis was performed to determine intervention details, and classical meta‐analysis was used to analyse available data on SoC using RevMan. Besides, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to verify the robustness of pooled effect size.ResultsMeta‐analysis was carried out with 27 RCTs involving 2178 patients. It showed significant effects on SoC compared to usual care among this population for all NPIs at post‐intervention and 3‐month follow‐up. Of these follow‐up durations, the effective NPIs were salutogenic‐based intervention, self‐management intervention, while no significant difference was observed at 6‐month or > 6‐month follow‐up. TSA showed that the significant finding of meta‐analysis in salutogenic‐based intervention was stable and reliable, while the pooled sample size on self‐management intervention was insufficient.ConclusionsNon‐pharmacological (salutogenic‐based) interventions could improve SoC among older adults and adults with chronic conditions within 3 months after‐intervention. However, its effects were not sustained over a longer period, which further studies will need larger sample sizes to draw definitive conclusions.Implications for PracticeThis meta‐analysis provided the evidence that salutogenic‐based interventions could improve SoC among the target population within 3 months after‐intervention, providing a solid foundation for healthcare professionals to base their therapeutic strategies.Reporting MethodThe searching results were reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis checklist.No Patient or Public ContributionThis study is a systematic review with meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis, and the aforementioned details are not applicable to our research.Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42023401215
Family Caregivers' Experiences of Long‐Term Care Residents Living With Dementia During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: An International Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Abbott‐Anderson Kristen , Higami Yoko , Yamauchi Saika , Chung Pat , Ho Ken Hok Man , Thaqi Qëndresa , Naef Rahel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsCaution around the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in visitation restrictions to prevent the spread of the virus among vulnerable older persons living in long‐term care (LTC), which posed a threat to individual well‐being and family togetherness across the globe. The purpose of this study was to explore family caregiver's experience of having a person who is living with dementia residing in a long‐term care facility during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignQualitative descriptive study using constructivist grounded theory (GT) methodology.MethodsThe study was carried out in five countries: the United States, Switzerland, Hong Kong (China), United Kingdom and Japan. Data were collected between June 2021 and August 2022. In‐depth understanding and initial theorising about experiences and social interactions between family members, residents and long‐term care staff across cultural contexts, strategies from constructive GT were used. Data were collected through 15 semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews with 16 family members. Analysis included individual and team‐based coding, memo‐writing, constant comparison and category generation.ResultsDue to visit restrictions, families faced upsetting situations of exclusion. The caregiver participants experienced inequality, felt isolated and witnessed residents' despair and helplessness. Analysis revealed four subthemes to the basic social process of ‘negotiating for access to maintain relational continuity’: (1) Feeling excluded, isolated and upset; (2) facing depersonalising situations; (3) navigating challenging interactions; and (4) living with (post‐) pandemic circumstances.ConclusionThis study highlights the suffering experienced by family caregivers and their loved ones living with dementia in long‐term care during COVID‐19, demonstrating the key role that relationships play in family care. During similar public health crises, policies and infection prevention measures that depict family and close caregivers as visitors whose access needs to be regulated need to be altered into policies that enable a culture of partnership and inclusion acknowledging the importance of social interactions for health and well‐being.Reporting MethodThe COREQ checklist was followed.Patient or Public contributionNo patient or public contribution.Protocol RegistrationNot applicable due to study design.
Impact of selenium supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activity and liver gene expression in juvenile pangasius catfish (Pangasius pangasius)
Authors: Thangarani Albin Jemila , Felix Nathan , Suresh Arul Victor , Shanmugam Seerappalli Aran , Kathirvelpandian Ayyathurai , Suresh Eswaran , Ramya Rajagopal , Ranjan Amit , Prabu Elangovan , Suman Thodhal Yoganandham 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study examined the effect of dietary selenium (Se) fortification on growth efficiency, antioxidant status, and liver gene expression in juvenile pangasius catfish. Sodium selenite was incorporated into a basal diet at incremental levels of 0–2.0 mg Se/kg. This resulted in final Se concentrations of 0.63, 0.85, 1.15, 1.68, 2.10, and 2.65 mg Se/kg, respectively. A total of 15 fish, with an average individual weight of 5.6 ± 0.1 g, were subjected to one of six dietary treatments and fed in triplicate over a 60‐day period. A significant dose‐related enhancement in growth performance was observed, with the optimal dietary Se requirement estimated at 1.75 mg Se/kg. Se‐fortified diet significantly increased the activities of digestive enzymes (lipase and protease) as well as antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in the liver. Notably, the group fed 1.68 mg Se/kg displayed the highest levels of these enzymes. Additionally, selenium supplementation resulted in an upregulation of the relative expression of insulin‐like growth factor 1X1 and 1X2 in the liver, highlighting its pivotal role in growth regulation. Blood parameters showed significant improvements in mean corpuscular hemoglobin and hemoglobin levels with Se supplementation. Proximate analysis showed increasing Se intake resulted in a significant rise in muscle protein content. In pangasius catfish, our results indicate that dietary selenium supplementation can enhance growth efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and hepatic gene expression.
Long‐term lifetime trends of large appliances since the introduction in Norwegian households
Authors: Krych Kamila , Pettersen Johan Berg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLonger lifetimes of consumer products are promoted as an element of sustainable consumption, yet there is a widespread notion that lifetimes are currently in decline, often attributed to planned obsolescence or throwaway mentality. However, empirical evidence is inconclusive and often subject to high uncertainties. Here, we explore long‐term trends in the lifetimes of large household appliances using dynamic material flow analysis. We investigate the sales and ownership of these products since their introduction in Norwegian households and use this co‐evolution to estimate the lifetimes. By combining two model types with uncertainty analysis, we show that a significant lifetime decrease was likely experienced only by washing machines (–45%) and ovens (–39%) around the 1990s–2000s. This finding challenges the narratives about planned obsolescence despite their prevalence decreasing consumer incentives for longer product use and repair. We suggest multiple technical, economic, and social factors that could be responsible for the decrease, for example, a reduction in relative prices of appliances or changes in habits surrounding laundry and kitchen use. Our results suggest that factors affecting product lifetimes are not uniform but context‐dependent, which has implications for lifetime extension policy. The presented method could help monitor the long‐term effectiveness of such a policy. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.