bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bare classifier/noun alternations in the Jinyun (Wu) variety of Chinese and the encoding of definiteness
Authors: Simpson Andrew 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Certain numeral classifier languages allow for the combination of a classifier and a noun to represent a definite individual/entity when no numeral accompanies the classifier (Vietnamese, Bangla, Oriya, Hmong, varieties of Chinese). In many instances, such a patterning alternates with the use of a bare noun to reference definite individuals/entities, but there has been little systematic study of such alternations, and whether the “bare classifier” and “bare noun” patterns are in free variation or encode different aspects of definite reference. The current paper argues for the latter conclusion with a detailed study of the Jinyun variety of Chinese, showing that bare classifier and bare noun patterns are used to highlight different aspects of “definiteness.” The bare classifier pattern dominates cases of anaphoric definite reference, bridging cross-reference, reference to salient visible entities and non-speaker kin terms and personal relations, while bare nouns are used predominantly for individuals and entities perceived to be specifically unique or directly connected to the speaker. This distribution interestingly shows strong parallels to the way that languages with more than one definite article use such elements for definite reference.
Der Kaiser als Kitt der Gesellschaft
Authors: Kollatz Anna 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rooted in the Turco-Iranian Islamicate context of Transoxania, the Mughal dynasty met different experiences of contingency when establishing a new dominion on the subcontinent. This contribution focusses on the strategies to legitimize domination developed by the Mughals in a context of contingency, examining both the bureaucratic and the ideological sphere. Particular emphasis will be placed on a narratological examination of the ‚Maǧālis-i Ǧahāngīrī‘ by ʿAbd al-Sattār b. Qāsim Lāhōrī and the text‘s narrative strategies to represent the emperor as a kind of ‚insurance against contingencies‘.
Law of inertia for the factorization of cubic polynomials – the case of primes 2 and 3
Authors: Klaška Jiří , Skula Ladislav 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Let D ∈ ℤ and let C

D
be the set of all monic cubic polynomials x
3 + ax
2 + bx + c ∈ ℤ[x] with the discriminant equal to D. Along the line of our preceding papers, the following Theorem has been proved: If D is square-free and 3 ∤ h(−3D) where h(−3D) is the class number of

Q

(

−
3
D

)
,

$\mathbb Q(\sqrt {-3D}),$

then all polynomials in C

D
have the same type of factorization over the Galois field 𝔽
p
where p is a prime, p > 3. In this paper, we prove the validity of the above implication also for primes 2 and 3.
On a conjecture of Y. H. Cao and X. B. Zhang
Authors: Majumder Sujoy 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the possible relation between two meromorphic functions f

n

f
(k) and g

n

g
(

k

) that share a nonzero polynomial and obtain two results which are related to a conjecture of X. Y. Cao and B. X. Zhang [Uniqueness of meromorphic functions sharing two values, J. Ineq. Appl., 1(100) (2012)]
Does a Foreign Accent Sell? The Effect of Foreign Accents in Radio Commercials for Congruent and Non-Congruent Products
Authors: Hendriks Berna , van Meurs Frank , van der Meij Els 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Commercials regularly feature foreign accents. This paper aims to investigate whether the use of foreign accents in radio commercials is more effective for congruent than incongruent products, and whether foreign-accented commercials are evaluated differently than non-accented commercials. In an experiment, a group of 228 Dutch participants rated non-accented and accented commercials for four different products in a between-subject design. The products were either congruent or incongruent with the foreign accent in the commercial (e.g. a German-accented commercial for sausage vs. olive oil). Foreign-accented commercials for congruent products were assessed more positively on a number of variables than foreign-accented commercials for incongruent products. Foreign-accented commercials were rated more negatively than commercials without a foreign accent.
Noise score rating models for Q-Zones and
embedded parks
Authors: Vogiatzis Konstantinos , Petz Markus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
CITYHUSH project supports city administrations
in the implementation of noise action plans according
to the EU directive 2002/49/EC. The action “Noise and
vibration control at source – Acoustically green vehicles”
validates noise score rating models in a case in the
Athens area, including Q-Zones (Quiet zones) and embedded
parks, identifying perceived benefits on noise. Annoyance
for PTW (powered two-wheeler) is masked in general
traffic annoyance. However, a PTW pass may become recognizable
and clearly distinct within the traffic noise environment
formed by the road traffic flow and synthesis.
Several strategic noise mapping scenarios with high noise
levels from PTWs, as well as low frequency noise annoyance
events, were evaluated proving that the noise levels
in a Q-Zone and embedded parks may be reduced with
an increased park capacity. Measures with a special focus
on the reduction of conventionally powered motorbikes
and scooters (PTWs) were evaluated. PTW’s emission values
were derived, from known values and past measurements,
in the form of a correction function as a function
of speed to perform simulation analysis for various analogies
of conventionally versus electrically driven PTWs. Relevant
noise difference maps indicate noise reductions, especially
when additional measures are included, such as
speed limits.
Towards the integration of urban sound planning
in urban development processes: the study of four
test sites within the SONORUS project
Authors: Alves Sonia , Estévez-Mauriz Laura , Aletta Francesco , Echevarria-Sanchez Gemma M. , Romero Virginia Puyana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Noise pollution in urban environments is today
a major problem affecting inhabitants of many European
cities. Reducing noise is therefore a necessity. As a result,
many cities now have noise action plans comprising concrete
actions to tackle noise issues in affected areas. Nevertheless,
these often isolated documents only address existing
problems. In order to change this practice an integrated
strategy is necessary. A new approach to urban
sound planning, a holistic approach, is being developed
and tested within the SONORUS project and it is described
in this paper. SONORUS, the Urban Sound Planner project,
is an initial training network (ITN) that is educating researchers
in a whole range of acoustic disciplines, as well
as in advanced urban planning processes. An essential
part of this training is the application of the holistic approach
to real test sites. Although this is an ongoing work,
a few innovative techniques were already developed and
its application to the test sites resulted in improved urban
sound planning tools. This paper promotes the discussion
about the implications that the holistic approach might
have in urban sound planning policies and how it can be a
driving force for changing the noise pollution situation in
urban environments.
Moving Further Beyond Secularism: A “Lutheran” Reading of the Cosmology of Thomas Nagel
Authors: Fehige Yiftach 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Thomas Nagel has proposed a highly speculative metaphysical theory to account for the cosmological significance that he claims the human mind to have. Nagel argues that the mind cannot be fully explained by Darwinian evolutionary theory, nor should theological accounts be accepted. What he proposes instead is an explanation in terms of cosmological non-purposive teleological principles. Our universe awakens to itself in each and every individual consciousness. What comes to light in a pronounced manner when consciousness arises, are the mental aspects of the stuff that the universe is made of. These mental aspects are always concurrently present with the physical aspects of the basic elements that constitute the universe. This paper situates Nagel’s cosmology in the context of discussions of the relationship between modern science and Christian theology. It focuses on the history of modern science’s efforts to locate the origins of humanity. The aim of the paper is to present a qualified “Lutheran” reading of Nagel’s theory of the cosmological significance of the human mind. This will unearth strong reasons to think that Nagel’s cosmology is less secular than it claims to be.
Phenomenology of Religion in Russia as an Example of Phenomenological Incomprehension?
Authors: Kirsberg Igor W. 
Published: February 2021

Summary
This article outlines the possibility of phenomenology of religion as a strictly cognitive, non-theological and namely phenomenological discipline in the structure of the study of religion, based on the cognitive-value demarcation, for which the Russian variant of phenomenology of religion has been criticized. The irreducible difference between cognition and value is grounded in the specificity of thought and feeling; possible attempts to represent cognition and value as a mixture are rejected. Phenomenology of religion as recomprehended is characterized by a prevailing cognitive tendency and is thus separated as a discipline from theology, which features a prevailing orientation towards value (the theological part of the phenomenology of religion can clearly be included in theology itself). By specifying the phenomenological quality of phenomenology of religion, this article shows how religion can be represented in pure consciousness, reducing it to the effects of interactions within structures of consciousness. These disciplinary clarifications are founded on the general distinction between the study of religion and theology – cognitive and non-cognitive (valuable) and, thus, incomparable disciplines.
The Historical Mediation of God and Man: Vermittlungstheologie’s use of Hegelianism for Constructing a Theological System
Authors: Smits Johan 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Despite criticism, the thought of G. W. F. Hegel has been highly influential in theology. This article contributes to the debate on the heritage of Hegel from a historical perspective, by studying the theological movement of Vermittlungstheologie. It is demonstrated how Hegelianism provided these theologians with the tools to transform insights from confessional and “Schleiermacherian” theology into a comprehensive worldview. Special attention is paid to the construction of a system of theology with the incarnation at its heart.
Playing it Fashionably Queer: Mae West’s Performing Sexuality
Authors: Goracci Giada 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
“Marriage is a fine institution, but I’m not ready for an institution.” With this challenging innuendo, the American actress and author Mae West offers an insight into gender performativity and heteronormativity through marriage in a period, the “Roaring Twenties,” in which sexual and gender politics could not be put into scrutiny. Her vamp persona and the elaborated iconography that she crafted on her character gave birth to a meticulous semiotics of the body that eventually undermined the American social context of the time fostering on the one hand, an image of heterosexual desire, and on the other hand an appealing icon to a gay market. This article ventures a queer-oriented perspective on West’s charismatic character and on the intertwined effects that tie semiotics to body language, especially focussing on the plays Sex (1926) and The Drag (1927).
Fashion in India: Coercion or a Flag for Freedom?
Authors: Carbone Paola 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The essay examines how fashion mediates our knowledge of human relationships in Indian English literature from an anthropological perspective of the value of clothing in Indian culture. The first part of the essay analyses the importance that Gandhi’s khadi had for the independence of India and the role it plays in Mulk Raj Anand’s novel Untouchable (1935). The second part illustrates how sari and salwaar kameez shape Indian femininity and women’s dignity. Dress is viewed as a situated bodily practice which makes social and cultural values visually intelligible. In the study, I do not refer to clothing as “fashion”, but rather as dignity, human rights, discrimination, and justice. The purpose is to underline how a piece of garment can be highly identitarian of a single individual and highly identitarian of a political ideal.
Targets, triggers, and directionality in non-local and local place assimilation in child and adult language
Authors: Cho Mi-Hui , Lee Shinsook 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Data collected from one Korean child in a longitudinal diary study present novel patterns of consonant harmony in that labials, coronals, and velars can be triggers and targets of both progressive and regressive non-local place assimilation in an early stage of development. The same child also shows some cases of local regressive place assimilation. In another study where 4 children's data were gathered from a naturalistic longitudinal study, local regressive place assimilation as well as conso-nant harmony is witnessed regardless of place features. In adult Korean, however, only coronal to labial/velar and labial to velar local regressive assimilation occurs. This paper argues that the non-local and local place assimilation is connected and shows that the connection can be accounted for in terms of different constraint rankings within the Optimality-theoretic framework. More specifically, it is shown that the Ident-Onset(place) constraint plays a decisive role even in the early stage of acquisition, unlike child English, accounting for the predominant regressive assimilation. Also, the Agree-Place constraint is exploded into two sub-constraints in Stage 3, capturing the asymmetrical behavior of assimilation. Further, the unranking of place features in early development gradually evolves to the fixed ranking which reflects the universal markedness hierarchy in adult Korean.
Colour word Stroop test in Polish learners of English: No evidence that L2 proficiency matters
Authors: Śmiecińska Joanna , Krynicki Grzegorz , Sojkin Marta 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of our study was to test whether and how the proficiency level in L2 affects the amount of within-language interference in Stroop colour word test (Polish as L1, English as L2); as well as to test whether and how the proficiency level in L2 affects colour naming speed in this L2, based on a study on 50 Polish students (age M = 20.8, SD = 1.6) at varying levels of English proficiency and age of acquisition > 7. The English version of Golden et al. (2002) Stroop Colour and Word Test and its Polish counterpart were used. The results show that in late unbalanced bilinguals the within-language interference was smaller in L2 than in L1 and its amount was not affected by L2 proficiency level; and that colour naming was slower in L2 than in L1, and the scores were not affected by L2 proficiency level. The implications of the study are discussed, concerning, among others, L2 processing in late unbalanced bilinguals. The popular claim that the pattern of the interplay between inter- and intra-linguistic interference in Stroop colour word test relates to proficiency level in L2 is challenged.
Exact and approximate hidden Markov chain filters based on discrete observations
Authors: Bäuerle Nicole , Gilitschenski Igor , Hanebeck Uwe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We consider a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) where the integrated continuous-time Markov chain can be observed at discrete time points perturbed by a Brownian motion. The aim is to derive a filter for the underlying continuous-time Markov chain. The recursion formula for the discrete-time filter is easy to derive, however involves densities which are very hard to obtain.
In this paper we derive exact formulas for the necessary densities in the case the state space of the HMM consists of two elements only. This is done by relating the underlying integrated continuous-time Markov chain to the so-called asymmetric telegraph process and by using recent results on this process. In case the state space consists of more than two elements we present three different ways to approximate the densities for the filter. The first approach is based on the continuous filter problem. The second approach is to derive a PDE for the densities and solve it numerically. The third approach is a crude discrete time approximation of the Markov chain. All three approaches are compared in a numerical study.
Les« patois» dans le feu de la dispute. Controverses glottopolitiqucs des jacobins par rapport à la contre-révolution et à l’anti-révolution
Authors: Blötner Bärbel 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag gellt einem Aspekt der Radikalisierung jakobinischer Sprachpolitik, einem Moment des umfassenden Konzepts zugunsten der Uniformierung und Universalisierung des Französischen nach: der Verleumdung der „patois“ als Werkzeuge der „Konterrevolution“. Es wird vor einer undifferenzierten Betrachtung dieser Anklage gewarnt, auf die Notwendigkeit der Unterscheidung zwischen Konterrevolution und Anti-Revolution hingewiesen und auf sprachpolitische Kontroversen unter den Jakobinern eingegangen.
La Révolution Française et le conflit linguistique en Belgique
Authors: Deprez Kas , Wynants Armel 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Französische Revolution spielt in der Geschichte der Sprachsituation in Belgien, die im Überblick dargestellt wird, eine große Rollo. Die französische Herrschaft (1795-1815), unter der das Gebiet Belgiens erstmals in seiner heutigen Form vereint und der Wille nach Integration in das revolutionäre Frankreich stark war, bewirkte, daß auch nach der Unabhängigkeit (1830) einem zentralistischen, auf der Vormachtstellung des Französischen beruhenden Staatsmodell gehuldigt wurde. Es wird gezeigt, wie u. a. durch das wachsende ökonomische Übergewicht Flanderns der Weg zur Sprachengleichheit und zur Föderativstruktur des belgischen Staates frei wurde.
Gibt es zwei Typen von Wortbedeutung? Ein historischer Rückblick auf Meinungen zu Autosemantika und Synsemantika
Authors: Brausse Ursula 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Most authors engaged in lexical semantics hold the traditional hypothesis that there are two different types of lexical meaning: autosemantic and synsemantic words. Only few linguists defend the opposite opinion that there is no reason for such distinction. In the present paper we offer an overview of the most important criteria linguists employed as a foundation of the distinctions between these two types of lexical meaning. In spite of the vagueness of all possible classifications, most linguists are still convinced of the necessity to discern autosemantic and synsemantic words.
The employed criteria are:
1. Notional/relational meaning
2. Lexical/grammatical meaning
3. Lexical completeness/incompleteness
4. Denotational/non-denotational meaning
5. Descriptive/logical constants.
Die Bedeutung der letzten Karrierestation für die Entlohnung von Fußballspielern/ The Impact of the Previous Club on a Soccer Player’s Wages
Authors: Battré Marcel 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Erlöse in der Fußball-Bundesliga zeigt sich eine zunehmende Professionalisierung nicht nur bei einem Blick auf die Managementstrukturen der Vereine, sondern auch bei näherer Betrachtung der Gehaltsdeterminanten von Fußballspielern. Die Gehaltshöhe hängt unter anderem von der in der Bundesliga in der Vergangenheit gezeigten Leistung ab. Fraglich ist, wie sich die Höhe der Gehälter von Spielern ergibt, die neu in die Liga wechseln und bei deren Leistungsbewertung gewisse Informationsdefizite auf Seiten der Vereine vorliegen, und wie diese Informationsdefizite ausgeglichen werden. Die Analyse der Marktwerte von 7.019 Spieler-Jahres-Beobachtungen (Saison 1995/96-2009/10) zeigt, dass die Vereine recht gut in der Lage sind, die spätere Leistung ihrer Spieler einzuschätzen und die Marktwerte der Spieler entsprechend beurteilt werden. Wechseln Spieler aus einer anderen Liga in die Bundesliga, so dient die Liga ihrer letzten Karrierestation als Proxy für die später erwartete Leistung, und sie weisen in Abhängigkeit der Liga, in der sie in der Vorsaison gespielt haben, unterschiedliche Marktwerte auf, was gleichzeitig auf Unterschiede in den Gehältern schließen lässt.
Sport in Zeiten von Bologna – Über den institutionellen Wandel des Hochschulwesens und dessen Folgen für das Sporttreiben von Studierenden / Sports since Bologna – On the institutional changes in higher education and their effects on student sports
Authors: Göring Arne , Möllenbeck Daniel 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob und inwiefern der als Bologna Prozess gekennzeichnete Reformprozess an deutschen Hochschulen zu einer Veränderung des studentischen Sporttreibens führt. Mit Rückgriff auf institutionentheoretische Ansätze werden die Ergebnisse einer triangulierten Studie aus problemzentrierten Interviews (N=30) und einer für Deutschland repräsentativen Querschnittserhebung (N=7060) dargestellt. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die gegenwärtigen Studienbedingungen von den Studierenden reformierter Studiengänge (Bachelor/Master) als zunehmende Belastung wahrgenommen werden. Es zeigt sich zudem, dass es zu einer sukzessiven Transformation des Sportverhaltens von Studierenden aus den neuen Studiengängen kommt. Diese offenbart sich allerdings vor allem in der lebensweltlichen Einbettung und Organisation sportlicher Handlungen; ein statistisch nachweisbarer Unterschied zwischen den einzelnen Studierendengruppen lässt sich nicht nachweisen.
Weltmeister werden mit euch! – aber wie? Theoretische Überlegungen zum Problem der Unterrepräsentanz von Migrantinnen und Migranten im Handball / Becoming World Champions by Recruiting Immigrants? Theoretical Reflections on the Underrepresentation of Immigrants in German Handball
Authors: Bahlke Steffen , Borggrefe Carmen , Cachay Klaus 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Dem deutschen Fußball scheint es geradezu mühelos zu gelingen, Spielerinnen und Spieler mit Migrationshintergrund zu integrieren, was sich deutlich in der Zahl betreffender Spielerinnen und Spieler in den Auswahlmannschaften des Deutschen Fußball Bundes zeigt. Die Mannschaften des Deutschen Handball Bundes dagegen rekrutieren sich bislang ausschließlich aus rein deutschstämmigen Spielerinnen und Spielern. Beim Handballsport scheint es sich hierzulande bislang um etwas ausgesprochen „Deutsches“ zu handeln, mithin um eine Sportart, die fast 20 % der Bevölkerung kaum erreicht und dabei offenkundig sogar die größte Migrantengruppe, nämlich diejenige mit muslimischem Hintergrund, so gut wie vollständig ausschließt. Der Aufsatz steckt sich das Ziel, all jene Mechanismen der Exklusion von Migranten im Handball zu identifizieren und in einem theoretischen Modell zusammenzufassen, die in Deutschland zur Unter- bzw. Nichtrepräsentanz von Spielerinnen und Spielern mit unterschiedlichem Migrationshintergrund im Handballsport beitragen. Aufbauend darauf werden Leitfragen für eine empirische Untersuchung der Exklusionsmechanismen abgeleitet.