bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the provenance extraction techniques from large scale log files
Authors: Tufek Alper , Aktas Mehmet S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNumerical weather prediction (NWP) models are the most important instruments to predict future weather. Provenance information is of central importance for detecting unexpected events that may develop during the long course of model execution. Besides, the need to share scientific data and results between researchers also highlights the importance of data quality and reliability. The weather research and forecasting (WRF) Model is an open‐source NWP model. In this study, we propose a methodology for tracking the WRF model and for generating, storing, and analyzing provenance. We implement the proposed methodology—with a machine learning‐based parser, which utilizes classification algorithms to extract provenance information. The proposed approach enables easy management and understanding of numerical weather forecast workflows by providing provenance graphs. By analyzing these graphs, potential faulty situations that may occur during the execution of WRF can be traced to their root causes. Our proposed approach has been evaluated and has been shown to perform well even in a high‐frequency provenance information flow.
High‐throughput FPGA implementation for quadratic unconstrained binary optimization
Authors: Kagawa Hiroshi , Ito Yasuaki , Nakano Koji , Yasudo Ryota , Kawamata Yuya , Katsuki Ryota , Tabata Yusuke , Yazane Takashi , Hamano Kenichiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractQuadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) is a combinatorial optimization problem. Since various NP‐hard problems such as the traveling salesman problem can be formulated as a QUBO instance, QUBO is used with a wide range of applications. The main contribution of this article is to propose high‐throughput FPGA implementations for the QUBO solver. We perform the local search using different bit‐selection strategies based on the simulated annealing in the proposed implementation. The hardware is a pipeline structure with no pipeline hazards using multiple instances, where the bit‐flip operation is always performed every clock cycle. We implemented the proposed circuit on Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGA VU9P. The implementation result shows that the circuit can search solutions per second. Besides, by sharing the block RAM that stores a weight matrix, we implemented a dual annealer architecture that has two QUBO solvers into the FPGA. As a result, the dual annealer architecture can search solutions per second.
Conductive Metal‐Organic Frameworks Bearing M−O4 Active Sites as Highly Active Biomass Valorization Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Kornienko Nikolay 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe electrochemical oxidation of the biomass platform 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), is an important reaction in the emerging area of renewable energy‐powered biomass valorization. A key limitation in this field is the ill‐defined nature of the catalytic sites of the highest‐performing materials that limits the fundamental insights that can be extracted. To this end, a conductive metal‐organic framework‐based electrocatalytic model system with well‐defined M−O4 active sites for electrochemical HMF oxidation was developed. These materials were found to be highly active towards FDCA generation, with product yields of over 95 %. In parallel, infrared spectroscopy was employed to capture a surface‐bound aldehyde group as the key intermediate in the catalytic cycle, which forms once M(II/III) oxidation occurs. This work illustrates the advantage of utilizing molecularly defined active sites coupled with operando spectroscopy to provide fundamental insights into a variety of electrosynthetic reactions and thus paves the way for future catalyst design.
A predictive power management scheme for hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicle
Authors: Katnapally Akhil , Manthati Udaya Bhasker , Chirayarukil Raveendran Arunkumar , Punna Srinivas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a model predictive control (MPC) approach for energy management of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS), in an electric vehicle (EV). HESS constitutes the battery and the supercapacitor (SC) where the latter is used as an auxiliary source to reduce stress on the battery. Hence, an appropriate control strategy should be formulated for allocating low‐frequency power fluctuations to the battery and high‐frequency power fluctuations to SC. The conventional PI‐based control strategy has a difficult tuning process, and its performance is affected when the operating point fluctuates. Therefore, an MPC‐based control strategy is proposed because of its simplicity, intuitiveness, ease of implementation, and inclusion of nonlinearities and constraints. This paper provides a complete power management strategy for the HESS system, using a modified MPC approach which is simpler compared to the traditional MPC, for a multiple‐input bidirectional DC/DC converter. Firstly, the model of a dual input bidirectional DC/DC converter is developed, and a two‐loop control strategy is developed with predictive inner current control and outer voltage control for DC‐link voltage regulation and HESS energy management. Secondly, an SC voltage regulation loop is developed for enabling the charging and discharging of SC for reliable operation of the HESS system. Finally, simulation studies are done using MATLAB Simulink, and a prototype experimental setup is developed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy through the dSPACE platform.
Prevalence and correlates of weight gain attempts across five countries
Authors: Ganson Kyle T. , Nagata Jason M. , Lavender Jason M. , Rodgers Rachel F. , L. Cunningham Mitchell , Murray Stuart B. , Hammond David 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and correlates of weight gain attempts in a pooled sample of adults aged 18 and older from Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Mexico.MethodData collected during 2 years (2018 and 2019) of the International Food Policy Study (N = 42,108) were analyzed. Unadjusted 12‐month prevalence of weight gain attempts was estimated based on body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), weight perception, country, survey year, and sex. Logistic regression analyses were estimated to determine the sociodemographic correlates (age, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, weight perception, weight perception accuracy, and self‐rated mental health) of weight gain attempts among the pooled sample stratified by sex.ResultsMen (10.4%) were significantly more likely than women (5.4%) to report weight gain attempts (p < .001). Nearly one in five (17.1%) men with a BMI in the “normal” range (≥18.5 to <25.0) reported weight gain attempts. Among both men and women, minority group identity was associated with higher odds, while older age and higher BMI category were associated with lower odds, of reporting weight gain attempts. Country differences over the two survey years showed the prevalence of weight gain attempts in 2019 (vs. 2018) was higher among women in Australia (p < .05) and men in the United States (p < .01).DiscussionWeight gain attempts are more common among men, compared to women, across five countries, potentially reflecting the global salience of the pursuit of a muscular body.
Using Delaunay triangulation to sample whole‐specimen color from digital images
Authors: Valvo Jennifer J. , Aponte Jose David , Daniel Mitch J. , Dwinell Kenna , Rodd Helen , Houle David , Hughes Kimberly A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Color variation is one of the most obvious examples of variation in nature, but biologically meaningful quantification and interpretation of variation in color and complex patterns are challenging. Many current methods for assessing variation in color patterns classify color patterns using categorical measures and provide aggregate measures that ignore spatial pattern, or both, losing potentially important aspects of color pattern.

Here, we present Colormesh, a novel method for analyzing complex color patterns that offers unique capabilities. Our approach is based on unsupervised color quantification combined with geometric morphometrics to identify regions of putative spatial homology across samples, from histology sections to whole organisms. Colormesh quantifies color at individual sampling points across the whole sample.

We demonstrate the utility of Colormesh using digital images of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata), for which the evolution of color has been frequently studied. Guppies have repeatedly evolved in response to ecological differences between up‐ and downstream locations in Trinidadian rivers, resulting in extensive parallel evolution of many phenotypes. Previous studies have, for example, compared the area and quantity of discrete color (e.g., area of orange, number of black spots) between these up‐ and downstream locations neglecting spatial placement of these areas. Using the Colormesh pipeline, we show that patterns of whole‐animal color variation do not match expectations suggested by previous work.

Colormesh can be deployed to address a much wider range of questions about color pattern variation than previous approaches. Colormesh is thus especially suited for analyses that seek to identify the biologically important aspects of color pattern when there are multiple competing hypotheses or even no a priori hypotheses at all.
Resiliency in the E‐mini futures market
Authors: Fishe Raymond P. H. , Haynes Richard , Onur Esen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study how quickly liquidity is replenished on the order book in E‐mini futures. The results show that participants who use patient methods, such as limit orders, are often fast to place new orders, while those using impatient market orders are slow to re‐enter the market. These delays are a function of state constants, such as firm types, state conditions, such as whether the order is price improving, and time‐varying covariates, such as the volume of trade during the gap. We also find support for the view that certain traders delay providing liquidity during active markets to avoid informed trading.
Strategies for feature extraction from structural brain imaging in lesion‐deficit modelling
Authors: Kasties Vanessa , Karnath Hans‐Otto , Sperber Christoph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHigh‐dimensional modelling of post‐stroke deficits from structural brain imaging is highly relevant to basic cognitive neuroscience and bears the potential to be translationally used to guide individual rehabilitation measures. One strategy to optimise model performance is well‐informed feature selection and representation. However, different feature representation strategies were so far used, and it is not known what strategy is best for modelling purposes. The present study compared the three common main strategies: voxel‐wise representation, lesion‐anatomical componential feature reduction and region‐wise atlas‐based feature representation. We used multivariate, machine‐learning‐based lesion‐deficit models to predict post‐stroke deficits based on structural lesion data. Support vector regression was tuned by nested cross‐validation techniques and tested on held‐out validation data to estimate model performance. While we consistently found the numerically best models for lower‐dimensional, featurised data and almost always for principal components extracted from lesion maps, our results indicate only minor, non‐significant differences between different feature representation styles. Hence, our findings demonstrate the general suitability of all three commonly applied feature representations in lesion‐deficit modelling. Likewise, model performance between qualitatively different popular brain atlases was not significantly different. Our findings also highlight potential minor benefits in individual fine‐tuning of feature representations and the challenge posed by the high, multifaceted complexity of lesion data, where lesion‐anatomical and functional criteria might suggest opposing solutions to feature reduction.
Public trust and the COVID‐19 vaccination campaign: lessons from the Philippines as it emerges from the Dengvaxia controversy
Authors: Mendoza Ronald U. , Dayrit Manuel M. , Alfonso Cenon R. , Ong Madeline Mae A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhile the entire world prepares and begins to roll out COVID‐19 vaccines, the Philippines is still reeling from the consequences of the Dengvaxia controversy in 2016. Those highly political events led to the erosion of public trust in leaders and a significant damage to vaccine confidence in the country, now potentially impacting the uptake of COVID‐19 vaccines. We discuss how public trust and confidence can be rehabilitated through accountability, transparency, and proper communication from the most trusted sources of the population. We also highlight key lessons for policymakers and leaders on allowing science to take the front seat, and politics behind, for the safety and well‐being of the people during this public health crisis.
Baicalin regulates mRNA expression of VEGF‐c, Ang‐1/Tie2, TGF‐β and Smad2/3 to inhibit wound healing in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic foot ulcer rats
Authors: Mao Xuefei , Li Zhi , Li Baogang , Wang Haiping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is biggest life threats globally and increases their severity increases health complications for health of patients. The present study was investigated to recover the wound healing activity of baicalin in STZ‐induced DFU rats by evaluating biochemical and molecular markers. The experimental animals induced with diabetes and excision wounds were treated with different doses of baicalin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). The serum glucose level, body weight and food intake were measured. In addition, DFU rat groups showed decreased food intake and increased body weight. The tissue was subjected to biochemical evaluation, histopathology, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Histopathology reports revealed that diabetic wound control (DWC) + baicalin (100 mg/kg) treated group showed more than 90% recovery with more epithelization and remarkably improved angiogenesis and infiltration of the inflammatory cells. In this study we also proved that upregulated the p‐ERK, ERK, HSP27, and p‐HSP27 protein expression and mRNA expression of Ang‐1, VEGF‐c, TGF‐β, Tie‐2, and SMAD2/3 implicating the potential antidiabetic and wound healing property of baicalin. Thus, baicalin is a potential therapeutic candidate for a diabetic foot ulcer and chronic wounds treatment.
Hydration of selenolate moiety: Ab initio investigation of properties of O–H⋯Se(–) hydrogen bonds in CH3Se(–)⋯(H2O)n clusters
Authors: Karpov Valerii V. , Puzyk Aleksandra M. , Tolstoy Peter M. , Tupikina Elena Yu. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work is devoted to investigations of the influence of O–H···Se(–) hydrogen bonds on the electronic shells of selenolate R–Se(–) fragment (R═CH3). The geometric, energetic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral parameters for various conformers of CH3Se(–)⋯(H2O)n clusters with n = 0–6 were calculated at CCSD/aug‐cc‐pVDZ level of theory. For selenolate anion CH3Se(–) solvation free energy was calculated, and for water media it is equal to −71.41 kcal/mol. For O–H···Se(–) hydrogen bonds the proportionality coefficients between QTAIM parameters at (3; −1) bond critical point and the strength of an individual hydrogen bond ∆E were proposed. It was shown, that despite a relative weakness of O–H···Se(–) hydrogen bonds, the outer electronic shell of the selenium atom changes significantly upon formation of each hydrogen bond. This, in turn, cause the dramatic change of NMR parameters of selenium nuclei.
Pseudospectral implementations of long‐range corrected density functional theory
Authors: Cao Yixiang , Halls Mathew D. , Vadicherla Tati Reddy , Friesner Richard A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe have implemented pseudospectral density‐functional theory (DFT) with long‐range corrected DFT functionals (PS‐LRC) in quantum mechanics package Jaguar, and applied it in the calculations of geometry optimizations, dimmer interaction energies, polarizabilities and first‐order hyperpolarizabilities, harmonic vibrational frequencies, S1 and T1 excitation energies, singlet‐triplet gaps, charge transfer numbers, oscillator strengths, reaction barrier heights, electron‐transfer couplings, and charge‐transfer excitation energies. From our accuracy benchmark analysis, PS grids, PS dealiasing functions, PS atomic corrections, PS multigrid strategy, PS length scales, and PS cutoff scheme perform well in PS DFT with LRC density functionals with very small and ignorable deviations when compared to the conventional spectral (CS) method. The timing benchmark study of S1 excitation energy calculations of fullerenes (Cn, n up to 540) demonstrates that PS‐LRC achieves 1.4–8.4‐fold speedups in SCF, 22–32‐fold speedups in Tamm‐Dancoff approximation, and 6–15‐fold speedups in total wall clock time with an average error 0.004 eV of excitation energies compared to the CS method.
Involvement of TRPV4 in changes in rapidly inactivating potassium channels in the early stage of pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus in mice
Authors: Xu Weixing , Wang Yue , Qi Xiuting , Li Kunpeng , Zhou Li , Sha Sha , Wang Xiaoli , Wu Chunfeng , Du Yimei , Chen Lei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe rapidly inactivating potassium current (IA) is important in controlling neuronal action potentials. Altered IA function and K+ channel expression have been found in epilepsy, and activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is involved in epilepsy pathogenesis. This study examined whether TRPV4 affects Kv4.2 and K+ channel interacting protein (KCHIP) expression and IA changes following pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus (PISE) in mice. Herein, hippocampal protein levels of Kv4.2 and KCHIP2 increased 3 h–3 d and decreased 7–30 d; that of KCHIP1 increased 3–24 h and decreased 3–30 d post‐PISE. The TRPV4 antagonist HC‐067047 attenuated the increased protein levels of Kv4.2 and KCHIP2 but not that of KCHIP1 post‐PISE. The TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A increased hippocampal protein levels of Kv4.2 and KCHIP2 but had no effect on KCHIP1 expression. HC‐067047 attenuated the increased IA in hippocampal pyramidal neurons 24 h and 3 d post‐PISE. GSK1016790A increased IA in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, shifting the voltage‐dependent inactivation curve toward depolarization. The GSK1016790A‐induced increase of IA was blocked by protein kinase A and calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II antagonists but was unaffected by protein kinase C antagonists. We conclude that TRPV4 activation may be responsible for the increases of Kv4.2 and KCHIP2 expression in hippocampi and IA in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in PISE mice, which are likely compensatory measures for hyperexcitability at the early stage of epilepsy.
Placental spectrum features between mesenchymal dysplasia and partial hydatidiform mole coexisting with a live fetus
Authors: Marinho Márcia , Nogueira Rosete , Soares Célia , Melo Mónica , Godinho Cristina , Brito Conceição 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report a case of a singleton hydrops pregnancy with placental gross and microscopic features between partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) and placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) in a diploid live fetus. Pregnancy was complicated by early onset of growth restriction and pre‐eclampsia. A female newborn was born at 29 weeks with no congenital malformations. Histology of the placenta revealed mixed phenotype of PMD and PHM, and genetic test results were normal.
Depression and suicidal ideation among dental students of Southern Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study
Authors: Almoammar Salem , Alqarni Kholod Abdurhman , Alnazeh Abdullah A. , Alshahrani Razan Mohamed , Sundram Frederick , Alyami Mohsen , Alyami Hussain 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeTo assess depression and suicidal ideation among dental students at King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based study was carried out among dental students between January and March 2020. The Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) was used to assess depression, while suicidal ideation was assessed using three questions related to suicidal behaviors drawn from the literature.ResultsA total of 218 participants completed the questionnaires. More than 40% of the participants experienced depression while the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 48.2%; around a third of the sample had suicidal ideation, and half of which made a suicidal attempt in the preceding year (p < 0.05). There was a lack of association between depression severity and suicidal ideation.ConclusionA large proportion of dental students experienced depression and suicidal ideation. These findings invite in depth analysis of the causative and contributing factors for such high rates as well as ways for addressing them.
Tenofovir alafenamide for prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus reactivation and de novo hepatitis
Authors: Inada Kento , Kaneko Shun , Kurosaki Masayuki , Yamashita Koji , Kirino Sakura , Osawa Leona , Hayakawa Yuka , Sekiguchi Shuhei , Higuchi Mayu , Takaura Kenta , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Tamaki Nobuharu , Yasui Yutaka , Itakura Jun , Takahashi Yuka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Okamoto Ryuichi , Izumi Namiki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimAdministration of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) as prevention or treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is not well known. The aim of this study is to reveal the efficacy and safety of TAF against HBV reactivation.MethodsEntecavir (ETV) and TAF were given to 66 and 11 patients, respectively, as prophylaxis against or treatment of HBV reactivation during chemotherapy or immune suppression therapy from January 2010 to June 2020. The antiviral effects and safety were assessed.ResultsAt week 24, the antiviral effects on patients receiving ETV and TAF were similar in terms of reduction of HBV DNA (−2.83 ± 1.45log IU/mL vs −3.05 ± 2.47log IU/mL; P = 0.857) and achieving undetectable levels of HBV DNA (78.8 vs 90.9%; P = 0.681). There was no significant difference in the decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between the two groups (−0.62 ± 11.2 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs −3.67 ± 13.2 mL/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.291).ConclusionTAF is safe and effective against HBV reactivation.
Respiratory viruses associated with severe mechanically ventilated pneumonia in children
Authors: El‐Nawawy Ahmed , Antonios Manal AM. , Meheissen Marwa A. , Fahim Marwan M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe burden of pneumonia, especially that caused by respiratory viruses, is markedly high in the pediatric age group. This study aimed to assess viral agents causing severe pneumonia among mechanically ventilated patients. Nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage was performed for pediatric patients having severe pneumonia indicated for mechanical ventilation to be tested with a multiplex PCR immediate diagnosis of their etiologic pathogen. Among the 75 patients recruited, viral agents were detected in 73.4% of cases. Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were the most common viruses detected in 32.1% and 29.5%, respectively. The rate of viral infection showed a clear increased incidence in the winter season. The mortality rate among viral‐associated severe pneumonia reached 56.36%. Odds of mortality increased threefolds in presence of comorbid conditions and 10‐folds with congenital heart disease. The study demonstrated the neglected importance of rhinovirus besides RSV in causing severe critical pneumonia in the pediatric age.