bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium alterations impair the prognosis of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Martino Marianna , Falcioni Paolo , Giancola Giulia , Ciarloni Alessandro , Salvio Gianmaria , Silvetti Francesca , Taccaliti Augusto , Arnaldi Giorgio 
Published: September 2021

Objective
Dysnatremia is common in hospitalized patients, often worsening the prognosis in pneumopathies and critical illnesses. Information on coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)-related hyponatremia is partially conflicting, whereas data on hypernatremia in this context are scarce. We assessed, in a cohort of COVID-19 inpatients: the prevalence of sodium alterations at admission and throughout their hospitalization; their association with inflammation/organ damage indexes; their short-term prognostic impact.

Study design and methods
117 patients (81 males, 64 ± 13 years) hospitalized for COVID-19 between 1 March and 30 April 2020 were retrospectively followed-up for their first 21 days of stay by collecting all serum sodium measurements, basal CRP and serum lactate levels, maximum IL-6 and information on care setting, required ventilation, length of hospitalization, in-hospital death.

Results
At admission, 26.5% patients had hyponatremia, and 6.8% had hypernatremia. During their hospitalization, 13.7% patients experienced both disorders ('mixed dysnatremia'). Lower sodium levels at admission were correlated with higher C reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.039) and serum lactate levels (P = 0.019), but not interleukin-6 (IL-6). Hypernatremia and a wider sodium variability were associated with maximum required ventilation, need for ICU assistance and duration of the hospitalization. Mean estimated time to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission was 20 days shorter in patients exposed to sodium alterations at any time of their hospital course (log-rank test P = 0.032).

Conclusions
Sodium alterations frequently affect hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Hyponatremia could indicate pulmonary involvement, whereas hypernatremia is associated to prolonged hospitalization and the need for intensive care/mechanical ventilation, particularly when resulting from prior hyponatremia. Optimizing in-hospital sodium balance is crucial to improve patients’ prognosis.
Composição corporal e capacidade cardiorrespiratória em praticantes de corrida de rua
Authors: Gusmão de Matos Ana Caroline , Silva Neto Antenor de Oliveira , Ramos Ayrton Moraes , Lima Clésio Andrade , Moreira Gabrielle dos Santos , Ribeiro Maria Eduarda da Silva Cursino , Paiva Maria Luísa Barreto , Bispo Michael Douglas Celestino , Almeida Natália Brito de , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin 
Published: September 2021

Analisar a correlação entre composição corporal e capacidade cardiorrespiratória nos praticantes de corrida de rua. Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, realizado durante o evento FastTest, em Aracaju, Brasil. O grupo amostral do estudo, selecionado de forma randômica entre os 61 participantes do evento, foi composto por 36 corredores, dos quais 21 homens ( = 41,86±10,4 anos) e 15 mulheres ( = 43,93±11,04 anos). A coleta dos dados foi feita por meio de avaliação antropométrica (estatura, massa corporal total e dobras cutâneas) e do consumo máximo de oxigênio, pelo teste de Cooper. Foi observada correlação negativa entre percentual de gordura e VO2máx no grupo feminino (r = -0,60; p = 0,001) e masculino (r = -0,74; p = 0,0001); e entre o índice de massa corpórea e VO2máx, nos homens (r = -0,79; p = 0,0001) e nas mulheres (r = -0,63; p = 0,0005). Pode-se observar correlação significativa positiva entre o percentual de massa magra e o VO2máx, em homens (r = 0,74; p = 0,0001) e mulheres (r = 0,60; p = 0,001). Evidencia-se a importância de um baixo percentual de gordura e uma maior massa magra para o desempenho físico nas modalidades aeróbicas e provas de endurance.
El personal docente universitario en el siglo XXI: Retos desde la educación superior pública costarricense
Authors: Paniagua-Cortés Yarina 
Published: September 2021

The hiring profile for professors that has been widely accepted for years in higher education institutions does not guarantee that these professionals develop all the skills required to fulfill the needs the world has today. In most cases, this profile includes being an expert in their area, having relevant professional experience, and doing research to produce knowledge and new advances. However, this is no longer sufficient, considering how complex and constantly changing our world is. That is why this essay discusses other qualities that are essential to any higher education professor in our current society. Pedagogical expertise, emotional competence, differentiation, knowledge of technological tools and their implications, being part of academic networks, mobility, foreign language proficiency, professional development and reflection are essential in order to fulfill both society's and students' needs so that professors' work is pertinent now and as preparation for the future.
Newborn Pulse Oximetry for Infants Born Out-of-Hospital
Authors: Williams Katie B. , Horst Michael , Hollinger Erika A. , Freedman Jacob , Demczko Matthew M. , Chowdhury Devyani 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESConventional timing of newborn pulse oximetry screening is not ideal for infants born out-of-hospital. We implemented a newborn pulse oximetry screen to align with typical midwifery care and measure its efficacy at detecting critical congenital heart disease.METHODSCohort study of expectant mothers and infants mainly from the Amish and Mennonite (Plain) communities with limited prenatal ultrasound use. Newborns were screened at 1 to 4 hours of life (“early screen”) and 24 to 48 hours of life (“late screen”). Newborns were followed up to 6 weeks after delivery to report outcomes. Early screen, late screen, and combined results were analyzed on the basis of strict algorithm interpretation (“algorithm”) and the midwife’s interpretation in the field (“field”) because these did not correspond in all cases.RESULTSPulse oximetry screening in 3019 newborns (85% Plain; 50% male; 43% with a prenatal ultrasound) detected critical congenital heart disease in 3 infants. Sensitivity of combined early and late screen was 66.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.4% to 99.2%) for algorithm interpretation and 100% (95% CI 29.2% to 100%) for field interpretation. Positive predictive value was similar for the field interpretation (8.8%; 95% CI 1.9% to 23.7%) and algorithm interpretation (5.4%; 95% CI 0.7% to 18.2%). False-positive rates were ≤1.2% for both algorithm and field interpretations. Other pathologies (noncritical congenital heart disease, pulmonary issues, or infection) were reported in 12 of the false-positive cases.CONCLUSIONSNewborn pulse oximetry can be adapted to the out-of-hospital setting without compromising sensitivity or prohibitively increasing false-positive rates.
International Sex Survey: Study protocol of a large, cross-cultural collaborative study in 45 countries
Authors: Bőthe Beáta , Koós Mónika , Nagy Léna , Kraus Shane W. , Potenza Marc N. , Demetrovics Zsolt 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Limitations of research into sexuality and compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) include the use of simplistic methodological designs and the absence of quality and unified measurements, empirically supported theoretical models, and large, collaborative studies between laboratories. We aim to fill these gaps with the International Sex Survey (ISS, http://internationalsexsurvey.org/).

Methods
The ISS is a large-scale, international, multi-lab, multi-language study using cross-sectional survey methods, involving more than 40 countries. Participants responding to advertisements complete a self-report, anonymous survey on a secure online platform. Collaborators from each country collect a community sample of adults with a minimum sample size of 2,000 participants with a gender ratio of approximately 50–50% men and women, including diverse individuals with respect to sexuality and gender. The ISS includes a wide range of sociodemographic questions and scales assessing a diverse set of sexual behaviors, pornography use, psychological characteristics, and potential comorbid disorders. Analyses are conducted within a structural equation modeling framework, including variable (e.g., measurement invariance tests) and person-centered approaches (e.g., latent profile analysis).

Discussion and conclusions
The ISS will provide well-validated, publicly available screening tools, helping to eliminate significant measurement issues in the field of sexuality research and health care. It will provide important insights to improve the theoretical understanding of CSBD as well as help to identify empirically supported treatment targets for prevention and intervention programs. Following open-science practices and making study materials open-access, the ISS may serve as a blueprint for future large-scale research in addiction and sexuality research.
An Ethical, Cultural and Historical Background for Cemetery-Based Human Skeletal Reference Collections
Authors: Cardoso Hugo 
Published: September 2021

OPEN ACCESS-PAID-CC BY-NC-ND In historically Protestant countries, human skeletal reference collections curated by research institutions have been amassed from bodies dissected by anatomists, typically unclaimed cadavers from morgues and hospitals, or from remains donated to science. In contrast to these anatomy-based and donation-based collections, skeletal reference collections in historically Roman Catholic countries on mainland Europe and in Latin America are for the most part derived from unclaimed remains exhumed from modern cemeteries and ossuaries at the end of the mandated interment period. While much has been written in English about the history, context and ethical framework of anatomy-derived collections, cemetery-based collections have received very little critical attention. The current paper addresses this gap, with particular reference to cemetery-derived collections in Portugal. The cultural and historical context of southern Europe is discussed, particularly Roman Catholic mortuary traditions and the influence of the Napoleonic Code, and these provide the background for an overview of the ethical issues raised by cemetery-derived collections. Here, general principles that should guide the work of human osteologists working in archaeological contexts are relevant, as regards consent, dignity and respect and benefits to science and education, because unlike their anatomy-derived counterparts, cemetery-based collections include individuals who were once buried.
The effect of exogenous peroxiredoxin 6 on morphofunctional state of isolated rat kidney
Authors: Gordeeva A. E. , Sharapov M. G. , Novoselov V. I. 
Published: September 2021

Objective: to investigate the role of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRX6) in preserving the morphofunctional state of ischemic isolated kidney during perfusion.Materials and methods. The model of an isolated perfused rat kidney was used. Ischemia time was 5 and 20 minutes, perfusion was 50 minutes. To evaluate the effectiveness of PRX6 at different ischemia times, we used the conventional criteria of kidney function and histological methods.Results. During short warm ischemia times, exogenous PRX6 improves the morphofunctional state of an isolated kidney during perfusion. During this period, the main criteria for functioning of the isolated ischemic kidney reach acceptable values, renal parenchyma is without severe damage. By the end of perfusion, there was an increase in urine flow rate, glomerular filtration rate, fractional glucose reabsorption, urine urea concentration and proportion of primary urine from 1.5 to 2 times compared with the control lesion. At 20-minute ischemia, the isolated kidney can be recognized as non-viable according to the functioning criteria; the positive effect of PRX6 is leveled.Conclusion. The use of recombinant peroxiredoxin 6 for preserving the morphofunctional state of isolated kidneys can be an effective approach in preventing ischemia–reperfusion injury.
Xenogeneic lymphocytic RNA stimulates skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: Tishevskaya N. V. , Golovneva E. S. , Gallyamutdinov R. V. , Pozina A. A. , Gevorkyan N. M. 
Published: September 2021

Objective: to find evidence of the existence of distant lymphocytic RNA control of physiological myogenesis as a way to control the muscle tissue regeneration process.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on male Wistar rats, n=33. In the first part of the experiment, 12 rats were subjected to regular 40-day physical activity (swimming), half of them were intraperitoneally injected 4 times with total RNA isolated from pig spleen lymphocytes at 30 days of age; 6 rats made up the intact control group. In histological preparations of different skeletal muscle groups, the width and cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, the area of nuclei, and the number of myocytes and myosatellite cells were evaluated. In the second part of the experiment, 15 intact rats were injected with the studied xenogeneic RNA and the amounts of ribonucleic acids in peripheral blood lymphocytes, spleen lymphocytes, and skeletal muscles were determined 2 hours and 24 hours after injection.Results. After the 40- day physical activity, the width of the fibers and the area of myocyte nuclei in the skeletal muscles increased; the absolute number of myosatellite cells and the area of their nuclei did not change. After administration of xenogenic RNA in the trained rats, in addition to an increase in the thickness and cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, the absolute number of myosatellite cells in m. biceps femoris, in m. triceps brachii, and in m. pectoralis major increased 1.4-fold, 1.3-fold, and 1.4-fold, respectively; the area of myosatellite nuclei increased on average by 7%. In intact rats, two hours after xenogeneic RNA injection, the amount of RNA in skeletal muscles remained unchanged, it increased by 19% in spleen lymphocytes, and by 16% in peripheral blood lymphocytes. At 24 hours, the RNA amount in the lymphocytes remained significantly higher than the control values, while in the muscle tissue, it didn’t differ from the control.Conclusion. Xenogeneic lymphocytic RNA stimulates physiological myogenesis by activating myosatellite cell proliferation.
A aplicação da laserterapia no tratamento de traumas mamilares: revisão de literatura
Authors: Kelly Pontes Soares Brenda , Amália Ribeiro Barreto Ravana , Bruna de Lima Feitoza Ilana , Dianna Lopes André , Thallita Soares da Silva Ilisdayne , Marta de Lima Costa Souza Francisca 
Published: September 2021

OBJETIVO: Identificar na literatura científica a aplicação da laserterapia de baixa intensidade no tratamento de traumas mamilares em puérperas. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O levantamento das publicações ocorreu no período de setembro a novembro de 2020, utilizando os descritores “low-level light therapy” e “laser therapy”, além da palavra-chave: “nipple trauma”, nas bases de dados da PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS e WEB OF SCIENCE. Após a leitura e análise dos artigos, 3 artigos foram selecionados para a amostra final. RESULTADOS: Os dados analisados compuseram dois eixos temáticos denominados: “Uso da laserterapia no alívio da dor mamilar” e “Uso da laserterapia na cicatrização de fissuras mamilares”. CONCLUSÃO: A aplicação da laserterapia resultou na diminuição da dor e boa regeneração tecidual mamilar, contribuindo para manutenção do aleitamento materno.
Mizaç özelliklerinin invaziv karyotip testlerini seçme kararları üzerine olan etkisi
Authors: ARSLAN Erol , KÜÇÜKBAŞ Gökçe Naz , AKCABAY Çiğdem , GÜLBAHAR Duru Saygin , SUCU Mete 
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı gebelerin mizaç özellikleri ile invaziv testi tercih etmeleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Mevcut çalışma fetüste Down sendromu açısından artmış riske sahip 337 gebeliğin prospektif değerlendirilmesini içermektedir. Hastaların mizaç özellikleri TEMPS-A skalası aracılığıyla belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Gebeler invaziv test yapılmasını kabul edenler (çalışma) ve etmeyenler (kontrol) şeklinde iki gruba ayrılmıştır.
Bulgular: Nihai analizler 284 gebe üzerinden yapılmıştır. Çalışma grubundaki hastalarda düzenli bir işte çalışma oranı ve eğitim seviyesi kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Hastaların 247'sinde (%87) baskın bir mizaç saptanmadı. Bununla birlikte en yüksek skor hipertimik mizaca (11.2 ± 4.1) ait olarak bulundu. Çalışma grubundaki hastalar daha düşük anksiyetik (ve depresif (mizaç skorlarına sahiplerdi.
Sonuç: Daha düşük anksiyöz ya da depresif mizaç özelliklerine sahip hastalar invaziv tanı testlerini daha yüksek oranda tercih etmektedirler. Buna ek olarak düzenli bir işte çalışma ve daha yüksek eğitim durumu da invaziv prenatal testi yaptırmayla ilişkilidir.
PC-based continuous recording field seismograph
Authors: Green R. W. E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Observations of teleseismic events at remote sites necessitated the development of a portable digital recorder that is capable of continuously recording the output of a three-component set of long-period transducers. A PC is used as a file management facility, operating in an intermittant or “sleeper mode.” Each of the three components are digitized and stored in separate, intelligent A to D cards. When 28 K samples have been generated, a trigger is initiated, and on the transition of the next real time second the real time is latched and power is applied to the PC. The sample count between the trigger and the latched acknowledgment of the trigger provides an absolute time correlation. After the PC has powered up, the data are down-loaded from the three acquisition cards to a PC hard disk and the latched real time forms the header label of the data file. Power is then removed from the PC. Sampling at about 15 samples per second, the PC is switched on every 33, 45 minutes. Boot-up and data down-loading uses approximately 5 watts average power. The associated long-period transducers (Guralp CMG3) consume about 3 watts and the remaining electronics 2 watts. All the electronics are housed in a steel cabinet, and the system uses four solar panels charging two 105AH batteries. Data transfer to an internal 60 MByte tape streamer necessitates a visit to the station every 24 days.
The social dynamics of a false earthquake prediction and the response by the public sector
Authors: Gori Paula L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe central United States and the nation experienced the effects of a false, pseudoscientific, unofficial prediction in 1990. The lack of a timely, public rebuttal of the Iben Browning earthquake prediction led to tremendous unnecessary efforts by local, state, and federal governments to respond to the public's demand for information about the validity of the prediction and how to prepare for the predicted earthquake. The effort was costly both in terms of money and diversion of staff from other necessary services. Although the prediction may have increased the level of earthquake awareness and preparedness in the central U.S., that awareness and preparedness may have been forged at the expense of scientific and government credibility.
A comparison of earthquake damage areas as a function of magnitude across the United States
Authors: Bollinger G. A. , Chapman M. C. , Sibol M. S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between earthquake magnitude and the size of damage areas in the eastern and western United States. To quantify damage area as a function of moment magnitude (M), 149 MMI VI and VII areas for 109 earthquakes (88 in the western United States, 21 in the eastern United States and Canada) were measured. Regression of isoseismal areas versus M indicated that areas in the East were larger than those in the West, at both intensity levels, by an average 5 × in the M 4.5 to 7.5 range. In terms of radii for circles of equivalent area, these results indicate that damaging ground motion from shocks of the same magnitude extend 2 × the epicentral distance in eastern North America compared to the West.To determine source and site parameters consistent with the above results, response spectral levels for eastern North America were stochastically simulated and compared with response spectral ordinates derived from recorded strong ground motion data in the western United States. Stress-drop values of 200 bars, combined with a surficial 2-km-thick low velocity “sedimentary” layer over rock basement, produced results that are compatible with the intensity observations, i.e., similar response spectral levels in the east at approximately twice their epicentral distance in the western U.S. distance.These results suggest that ground motion modeling in eastern North America may need to incorporate source and site parameters different from those presently in general use. The results are also of importance to eastern U.S. hazard assessments as they require allowance for the larger damage areas in preparedness and mitigation programs.
Magnitude-frequency relations for northeastern Japan
Authors: Umino Norihito , Sacks I. Selwyn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Magnitude-frequency relations are investigated for the on-land area, covered by the Tohoku University seismic network, northeastern Japan. We combine the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) catalog with the Tohoku University catalog for the crustal events. The suite for the upper plane events of the double-planed Wadati-Benioff zone, from 60 km through 100 km deep, is based on the Tohoku University catalog only. Completeness analyses of the catalog reveal that the crustal events and the upper plane events suite is complete down to magnitude 2.0 and 2.1, respectively. Including events only with magnitude above the completeness threshold, the magnitude-frequency relations are found to be nonlinear both for the crustal events slightly and the upper plane events strongly. Consistency between total seismic wave duration magnitudes and velocity amplitude magnitudes suggests that the magnitude scale in the catalog is nonbiased. The completeness analyses and the non-biased magnitude scale suggest that the nonlinear magnitude-frequency relations are not artificial but substantial features of the earthquake occurrence.