bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strange Relations: When no German Spoken at Home is Associated with a Quick Progress in Acquiring German
Authors: Zaretsky Eugen , Lange Benjamin P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractData from three follow‐up studies on language acquisition were re‐analyzed retrospectively to identify sociodemographic and geolinguistic factors associated with changes in German language competence of German preschoolers (N = 508). Surprisingly at first sight, factors unfavorable for German language acquisition (e.g., only other languages than German spoken at home) were associated with a considerable language progress. This can be explained by the fact that the language competence of children acquiring German under normal conditions had already been good before the first test session, whereas other children were developing their German language skills rapidly between two test sessions.
A geographically partitioned cellular automata model for the expansion of residential areas
Authors: Lu Yi , Laffan Shawn , Pettit Christopher 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA key component of cellular automata (CA) models is the transition rules that determine the transformation of cells at each iteration. However, most previous studies use a single set of transition rules across the entire study region, and therefore do not fully account for spatial heterogeneity. In this research, a vector CA model has been implemented that calibrates transition rules by taking the entire study region and partitioned sub‐regions into consideration. The changes in residential areas were modelled for the city of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia, from 1999 to 2016. The results confirm that the spatially partitioned rules can generate more accurate and stable results compared to calibrated rules using the whole study area, with an increase of mean producer's spatial accuracy of 72.07 and 75.59% in two sub‐regions (2‐2 and 2‐3). The implementation of CA models with partitioned transition rules enables a better understanding of spatial heterogeneity in land use change.
Hepatitis C virus core protein uses triacylglycerols to fold onto the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Authors: Ajjaji Dalila , Ben M'barek Kalthoum , Boson Bertrand , Omrane Mohyeddine , Gassama‐Diagne Ama , Blaud Magali , Penin François , Diaz Elise , Ducos Bertrand , Cosset François‐Loïc , Thiam Abdou Rachid 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLipid droplets (LDs) are involved in viral infections, but exactly how remains unclear. Here, we study the hepatitis C virus (HCV) whose core capsid protein binds to LDs but is also involved in the assembly of virions at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) bilayer. We found that the amphipathic helix‐containing domain of core, D2, senses triglycerides (TGs) rather than LDs per se. In the absence of LDs, D2 can bind to the ER membrane but only if TG molecules are present in the bilayer. Accordingly, the pharmacological inhibition of the diacylglycerol O‐acyltransferase enzymes, mediating TG synthesis in the ER, inhibits D2 association with the bilayer. We found that TG molecules enable D2 to fold into alpha helices. Sequence analysis reveals that D2 resembles the apoE lipid‐binding region. Our data support that TG in LDs promotes the folding of core, which subsequently relocalizes to contiguous ER regions. During this motion, core may carry TG molecules to these regions where HCV lipoviroparticles likely assemble. Consistent with this model, the inhibition of Arf1/COPI, which decreases LD surface accessibility to proteins and ER‐LD material exchange, severely impedes the assembly of virions. Altogether, our data uncover a critical function of TG in the folding of core and HCV replication and reveals, more broadly, how TG accumulation in the ER may provoke the binding of soluble amphipathic helix‐containing proteins to the ER bilayer.
Development and characterization of Gal KO porcine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Kikuchi Takeshi , Nishimura Masuhiro , Hirata Maki , Tanihara Fuminori , Komori Natsuki , Tanaka Makoto , Sawamoto Osamu , Otoi Takeshige , Matsumoto Shinichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe demonstrated that neonatal porcine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell (npBM‐MSCs) could improve a critical ischemic limb disease in rat model more efficiently compared with human MSCs. However, since porcine MSC presents galactosyl‐alpha 1,3‐galactose antigen (Gal antigen), MSC could be eliminated by the xenogeneic rejection. Recently, we established Gal knockout (KO) pigs by a technique of the electroporation of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into vitro‐fertilized zygotes. In this study, we hypothesized that MSC from the established Gal KO pigs could further improve the efficacy. Before examining the hypothesis, in this study, we have established and characterized bone marrow‐derived MSC from the Gal KO adult pigs (apBM‐MSCs).MethodsMononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from bone marrow cells of both Gal KO adult pigs and wild‐type (WT) adult pigs. MNCs were further manipulated to create Gal KO apBM‐MSCs and WT apBM‐MSCs. Both MSCs were assessed by their surface markers, the capability of differentiation into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes, grow speed and colony‐forming assay. To assess the efficacy of Gal KO apBM‐MSCs, angiogenesis‐related genes and immunosuppression‐related genes were assessed by cytokine stimulation.ResultsGal KO apBM‐MSC showed no Gal antigen on their cell surfaces. Both Gal KO apBM‐MSCs and WT apBM‐MSCs, presented little or no negative surface markers of MSCs, while they presented positive surface markers of MSCs. Furthermore, Gal KO apBM‐MSCs were able to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes as well as WT apBM‐MSCs. There was no difference in doubling time between Gal KO apBM‐MSCs and WT apBM‐MSCs. Interestingly, the colony‐forming efficiency of Gal KO apBM‐MSCs was about half that of WT apBM‐MSC. However, angiogenesis and immunosuppression‐related genes were equally upregulated in both Gal KO apBM‐MSCs and WT apBM‐MSCs by cytokine stimulation.ConclusionWe created and characterized Gal KO apBM‐MSCs which showed similar characteristics and cytokine‐induced gene upregulation to the WT apBM‐MSCs.
-rigidity of Lagrangian submanifolds and punctured holomorphic disks in the cotangent bundle
Authors: Membrez Cedric , Opshtein Emmanuel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOur main result is the$\mathbb {\mathcal {C}}^{0}$-rigidity of the area spectrum and the Maslov class of Lagrangian submanifolds. This relies on the existence of punctured pseudoholomorphic disks in cotangent bundles with boundary on the zero section, whose boundaries represent any integral homology class. We discuss further applications of these punctured disks in symplectic geometry.
On the Synchronization Behavior of Coupled Friction-Induced Oscillators Subjected to Base Excitation
Authors: Velayudhan Jithin , Narayanan M. D. , Saha Ashesh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The primary objective of this paper is to analyze the synchronization phenomena in a coupled friction-induced oscillator consisting of two cantilever beams with tip-masses subjected to base excitations. The coupling is achieved by connecting a linear spring between the tip-masses, which are in frictional contact with a rigid rotating disk. The Pearson time correlation coefficient is used to measure the strength and mode of synchronization between the oscillations of the coupled system. Periodicity of the motions is determined by evaluating the Poincaré map wherein the zero velocity crossing from positive to negative is considered as the Poincaré section. The fundamental frequency of the coupled motion and its harmonics are obtained from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the time responses. A bifurcation study is conducted to identify the periodicity of motion of both the uncoupled and coupled systems. The coupled system is found to be synchronized for the single-periodic, multiperiodic, and quasi-periodic motions, but not for chaotic motions. Multiple basins of attractions of initial conditions corresponding to different synchronization characteristics are observed. The coupled system shows a large dependence of the mass ratio detuning factor (MRDF) on the synchronization characteristics; in-phase synchronization is obtained for smaller MRDF, which eventually becomes out-of-phase for larger MRDF. A special study conducted confirms that the coupling can be used to control the amplitude as well as the stick-phase of motion in friction oscillators.
Bereaved parents’ quality of life: resilience and professional support
Authors: Rasouli Omid , Vegsund Hilde Kristin , Eilegård Wallin Alexandra , Hjemdal Odin , Reinfjell Trude , Moksnes Unni Karin , Lund Bendik , Eilertsen Mary-Elizabeth Bradley 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesThe study aimed to compare the quality of life (QoL) among cancer-bereaved parents with a control group and explore how resilience and support from healthcare professionals associated with QoL of parents 2–8 years after the loss of a child to cancer.MethodsThis nationwide, cross-sectional survey was administered among parents (n=161) who lost their child to cancer between 2009 and 2014, compared with a matched control parent group (n=77). A study-specific questionnaire, Resilience Scale for Adults (six factors: ‘Perception of self’, ‘Planned future’, ‘Social competence’, ‘Structured style’, ‘Family cohesion’ and ‘Social resources’), and a single-item measure of parents’ QoL were included for the study.ResultsThere was a lower QoL in both bereaved parents (mean=5.1) compared with the control parents (mean=5.8) (p<0.001). Two resilience factors, ‘Perception of self’ (OR=1.8, p=0.004) and ‘Planned future’ (OR=2.05, p<0.001), and given sufficient information during the child’s last month (OR=2.63, p=0.003) were positively associated with long-term QoL in cancer-bereaved parents.ConclusionThe findings indicate lower QoL among both fathers and mothers 2–8 years after losing a child to cancer. The study also highlights the positive role of resilience and the importance of informational support on long-term QoL in cancer-bereaved parents. Bereavement support should be tailored for supporting individual needs.
Bone pain from spinal metastases: Iodine-125 brachytherapy
Authors: Shao Hongxue , Teng Lei , Dai Junzhu , Zhang Wenhui , Lin Shiyan , Zhao Liuyuan , Zou Huichao 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesThis study evaluated the analgesic efficacy and safety of CT-guided iodine-125 (125I) brachytherapy in patients with spinal metastasis-induced pain who were not suitable to receive radiotherapy.MethodsA cohort of 68 patients with spinal metastasis induced pain not fully relieved by opioids and did not receive external beam radiation therapy due to poor general status were enrolled and underwent CT-guided125I brachytherapy for analgesic treatment.ResultsPatients were followed for 8 weeks after brachytherapy. Mean Numerical Rating Scale score before brachytherapy was 7.3±1.3 and decreased to 3.3±0.9, 2.6±0.8, 2.7±0.8, 2.9±0.9 and 3.3±1.1 at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8, respectively, after brachytherapy. Daily dose of morphine equivalent was 105.1±28.0 mg before brachytherapy and decreased to 45.3±13.7, 39.9±14.2, 40.4±14.9, 48.5±18.0 and 62.4±17.5 mg at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8, respectively, after brachytherapy. Patients had fewer daily episodes of breakthrough pain after brachytherapy (p<0.001). Patients had improvement in pain-related functional interference and in hospital anxiety and depression score after brachytherapy.ConclusionsCT-guided125I brachytherapy is an effective and safe intervention for patients with spinal metastasis-induced pain who are not able to receive radiation therapy.
Palliative medicine outpatient clinic ‘no-shows’: retrospective review
Authors: Alcalde Castro Mirza Jacqueline , Pope Ashley , Zhang Yuhua , Al-Awamer Ahmed , Banerjee Subrata , Lau Jenny , Mak Ernie , O'Connor Brenda , Saltman Alexandra , Wentlandt Kirsten , Zimmermann Camilla , Hannon Breffni 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesPatients who do not attend outpatient palliative care clinic appointments (‘no-shows’) may have unmet needs and can impact wait times. We aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes associated with no-shows.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed new no-show referrals to the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Oncology Palliative Care Clinic (OPCC) in Toronto, Canada, between January 2017 and December 2018, compared with a random selection of patients who attended their first appointment, in a 1:2 ratio. We collected patient information, symptoms, performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and outcomes. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant factors.ResultsCompared with those who attended (n=214), no-shows (n=103), on multivariable analysis, were at higher odds than those who attended of being younger (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00, p=0.019), living outside Toronto (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.54 to 4.62, p<0.001) and having ECOG ≥2 (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.41 to 6.29, p=0.004). No-shows had a shorter median survival compared with those who attended their first appointment (2.3 vs 8.7 months, p<0.001).ConclusionCompared with patients who attended, no-shows lived further from the OPCC, were younger, and had a poorer ECOG. Strategies such as virtual visits should be explored to reduce no-shows and enable attendance at OPCCs.
Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation on Dysphagia after Stroke
Authors: Li Lingling , Huang Hailiang , Jia Yuqi , Yu Ying , Liu Zhiyao , Shi Xin , Wang Fangqi 
Published: November 2021

Background. Dysphagia is a common sequelae after stroke. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a tool that has been used in the rehabilitation process to modify cortical excitability and improve dysphagia. Objective. To systematically evaluate the effect of NIBS on dysphagia after stroke and compare the effects of two different NIBS. Methods. Randomized controlled trials about the effect of NIBS on dysphagia after stroke were retrieved from databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM, from inception to June 2021. The quality of the trials was assessed, and the data were extracted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. A statistical analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 and ADDIS 1.16.8. The effect size was evaluated by using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. Ultimately, 18 studies involving 738 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that NIBS could improve the dysphagia outcome and severity scale (DOSS) score (standard mean difference

SMD

=
1.44

, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.08,

P
<
0.05

) and the water swallow test score (

SMD
=
6.23

, 95% CI 5.44 to 7.03,

P
<
0.05

). NIBS could reduce the standardized swallowing assessment (SSA) score (

SMD
=
−
1.04

, 95% CI -1.50 to -0.58,

P
<
0.05

), the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) score (

SMD
=
−
0.85

, 95% CI -1.33 to -0.36,

P
<
0.05

), and the functional dysphagia scale score (

SMD
=
−
1.05

, 95% CI -1.48 to -0.62,

P
<
0.05

). Network meta-analysis showed that the best probabilistic ranking of the effects of two different NIBS on the DOSS score is

rTMS

P
=
0.52

>
tDCS

P
=
0.48

, the best probabilistic ranking of the SSA score is

rTMS

P
=
0.72

>
tDCS

P
=
0.28

, and the best probabilistic ranking of the PAS score is

rTMS

P
=
0.68

>
tDCS

P
=
0.32

. Conclusion. Existing evidence showed that NIBS could improve swallowing dysfunction and reduce the occurrence of aspiration after stroke, and that rTMS is better than tDCS. Limited by the number of included studies, more large-sample, multicenter, double-blind, high-quality clinical randomized controlled trials are still needed in the future to further confirm the results of this research.
Hospital Readmissions and Mortality Among Fee‐for‐Service Medicare Patients With Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Findings From the COMPASS Cluster‐Randomized Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Bushnell Cheryl D. , Kucharska‐Newton Anna M. , Jones Sara B. , Psioda Matthew A. , Johnson Anna M. , Daras Laurie C. , Halladay Jacqueline R. , Prvu Bettger Janet , Freburger Janet K. , Gesell Sabina B. , Coleman Sylvia W. , Sissine Mysha E. , Wen Fang , Hunt Gary P. , Rosamond Wayne D. , Duncan Pamela W. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Mortality and hospital readmission rates may reflect the quality of acute and postacute stroke care. Our aim was to investigate if, compared with usual care (UC), the COMPASS‐TC (Comprehensive Post‐Acute Stroke Services Transitional Care) intervention (INV) resulted in lower all‐cause and stroke‐specific readmissions and mortality among patients with minor stroke and transient ischemic attack discharged from 40 diverse North Carolina hospitals from 2016 to 2018.

Methods and Results
Using Medicare fee‐for‐service claims linked with COMPASS cluster‐randomized trial data, we performed intention‐to‐treat analyses for 30‐day, 90‐day, and 1‐year unplanned all‐cause and stroke‐specific readmissions and all‐cause mortality between INV and UC groups, with 90‐day unplanned all‐cause readmissions as the primary outcome. Effect estimates were determined via mixed logistic or Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, stroke severity, stroke diagnosis, and documented history of stroke. The final analysis cohort included 1069 INV and 1193 UC patients (median age 74 years, 80% White, 52% women, 40% with transient ischemic attack) with median length of hospital stay of 2 days. The risk of unplanned all‐cause readmission was similar between INV versus UC at 30 (9.9% versus 8.7%) and 90 days (19.9% versus 18.9%), respectively. No significant differences between randomization groups were seen in 1‐year all‐cause readmissions, stroke‐specific readmissions, or mortality.

Conclusions
In this pragmatic trial of patients with complex minor stroke/transient ischemic attack, there was no difference in the risk of readmission or mortality with COMPASS‐TC relative to UC. Our study could not conclusively determine the reason for the lack of effectiveness of the INV.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02588664.
Endogenous Vertical Differentiation, Variety, and the Unequal Gains from Trade
Authors: Heins Gunnar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
How unequal are the gains from trade? This paper develops a structural framework to quantify the consequences of international trade on welfare of consumers across the income distribution, allowing for nonhomothetic demand and endogenous quality choices by firms. Using random coefficients demand estimation techniques, I infer demand and supply parameters, as well as household-specific price indexes for more than 3,000 distinct industries and find the gains from trade to be moderately unequal except in wealthier and small economies. Further, not accounting for endogenous vertical differentiation would overstate the impact of trade on cost-of-living inequality by close to 50%.
Multinational Federalism, Fiscal Relations and Development in Ethiopia
Authors: Boucher François 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, I explore the tensions between multinational federalism and the developmental state in Ethiopia and draw attention on the fiscal and economic dimensions of multinational federalism. In the first section, I explain that the purpose of multinational federalism is to protect minority nations from aggressive, assimilationist and centralizing forms of majoritarian nation-building. As such, multinational federalism only makes sense within a certain context, often associated with Western states containing a clear national majority attempting to assimilate minorities. I explain why authors have argued, albeit within some reservations, that this context obtains in the case of Ethiopia. In the second section, I discuss the fiscal and economic dimensions of minority nationalism accommodation in Western states. In the third section, I explore the contextual differences between Ethiopia and Western plurinational states and explain their relevance for assessing the tension between federalism and development in Ethiopia. I argue that although minority nations in the West rarely enjoy full fiscal autonomy, the prospect for fiscal decentralization in Ethiopia is even more limited and this is not entirely unjustified from a contextualist point of view paying attention to feasibility constraints.
What does Voluntary Delisting Tell us about Corporate Governance in Kuwait?
Authors: Almutairi Shahad M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Despite the adoption of the mixed approach in the application of corporate governance (CG), largely based on the ‘comply or explain’ principle, the Kuwaiti corporate governance system still faces major limitations that have become particularly noticeable from the event of voluntary delisting by a slew of companies after the new Kuwaiti Code of Corporate Governance (KCCG) came into force in 2016. One apparent limitation is caused by the widespread culture of non-compliance, an observation supported by the Capital Market Authority Report on Voluntary Delisting from 2010 to 2016. Empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 29 companies, all of which were delisted during application of the new KCCG of 2015 until April 2020. This voluntary delisting also indicates other salient limitations such as deficiencies in the CG legal framework, the asymmetrical concentration of share ownership in the hands of larger shareholders, and the passivity of shareholders in Kuwaiti-listed shareholding companies.
Fossil Alloceltidoxylon, Allonymphaea, Arecocaryon, Paralnoxylon and Paranyssa and extant Komaroviopsis, Marcanodendron, and Papyrocactus (Magnoliophyta), new replacement generic names
Authors: DOWELD ALEXANDER B. 
Published: November 2021

Eight new generic replacement names were validated. The new fossil wood generic name Alloceltidoxylon is validated to replace later homonym, Scottoxylon Wheeler & Manchester (non Scotoxylon Vogellehner). The new fossil generic name Allonymphaea is proposed to replace later homonym, Thiebaudia M. Chandler (non Thiebautia Colla nec Thibaudia Ruiz et Pavon ex Jaume St.-Hilaire), based on leaf remains. The new fossil generic name Arecocaryon, based on fruit remains, is proposed to replace the later homonym Friedemannia M.E. Collinson, Manchester& V. Wilde (non Friedmannia Chantanachat & Bold, Algae). The new fossil wood generic name Paralnoxylon is validated to replace later homonym, Cantia Stopes (non Kantia Pia). The new fossil generic name Paranyssa, based on fossil leaves, is validated to replace later homonym, Browniea Manchester & Hickey (non Brownea Jacquin). Three new generic names for extant flowering plants were validated: Komaroviopsis replaces Komarovia Korovin (non Komaroffia O. Kuntze) and Komaroviopsideae trib. nov. replaced invalid Komarovieae, Marcanodendron instead of Uladendron Marcano-Berti (non fossil Ulodendron Lindley & Hutton) and Papyrocactus replaces Toumeya Britton & Rose (non Tuomeya W.H. Harvey, Algae). The new combinations Alloceltidoxylon eocenicum, Allonymphaea rayaniensis, Arecocaryon messelense, Paralnoxylon arborescens, Paranyssa serrata, Komaroviopsis anisosperma, Marcanodendron codesuri, and Papyrocactus papyracanthus are proposed.
Alloceltidoxylon, Allonymphaea, Arecocaryon, Komaroviopsis, Marcanodendron, Paralnoxylon, Paranyssa, Papyrocactus, new replacement generic names, Komaroviopsideae trib. nov.