bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age, Growth, and Mortality of Atlantic Tripletail in the North-Central Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Jefferson Amanda E. , Jargowsky Matthew B. , Schrandt Meagan N. , Cooper Pearce T. , Powers Sean P. , Dindo John J. , Drymon J. Marcus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the southeastern USA and the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), Atlantic Tripletail Lobotes surinamensis are increasingly targeted by recreational anglers, indicating that stock status should be assessed. A critical need for such assessments is age-specific data; however, previous studies have drawn conflicting conclusions regarding the most appropriate structure for aging. Moreover, growth parameters and mortality rates for GOM Atlantic Tripletail are unknown. Therefore, the goals of this study were to (1) evaluate sagittal otoliths and first dorsal spines as aging structures; (2) model combined and sex-specific growth; and (3) estimate mortality rates for GOM Atlantic Tripletail. From 2012 to 2019, Atlantic Tripletail (N = 230, including a near-record-size specimen) were collected from the north-central GOM via hook and line and were aged using otoliths and first dorsal spines. Total length ranged from 212 to 940 mm, and age ranged from 0.07 to 5.27 years. Otoliths produced higher percent agreement (95.0%) and lower average percent error (3.0%) between readers compared to spines (82.9% and 6.5%, respectively). The von Bertalanffy growth parameters differed slightly between the otolith-based data (mean asymptotic length [L∞] = 762.42 mm, Brody growth rate coefficient [k] = 0.69 year−1, and hypothetical age at which length equals zero [t0] = −0.58 year) and spine-based data (L∞ = 718.83 mm, k = 0.79 year−1, and t0 = −0.56 year). For both otolith- and spine-based sex-specific data, the best-fitting version of the von Bertalanffy growth function permitted L∞ to vary by sex. Chapman–Robson estimates of instantaneous total mortality rate and total annual mortality rate were 1.15 and 68.66%, respectively. Based on empirical, life history-based methods, the instantaneous natural mortality rate was estimated at 0.75–0.97 and the instantaneous fishing mortality rate was estimated at 0.18–0.45, suggesting low levels of exploitation. These growth parameters and mortality estimates will provide information for future stock assessments, thereby ensuring sustainability of the GOM stock of Atlantic Tripletail.
Activity Patterns of Anadromous Fish below a Tide Gate: Observations from High-Resolution Imaging Sonar
Authors: Rillahan Christopher B. , Alcott Derrick , Castro-Santos Theodore , He Pingguo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The construction of dams and tide gates on waterways has altered the physical structure of many coastal, estuarine, and freshwater systems. These changes have come at a cost to fish populations, most notably diadromous species, which rely on connectivity between marine and freshwater systems. These anthropogenic structures can have direct effects on migrating fish, such as blocking fish passage, or have more subtle effects, such as changing movement patterns. This study used a high-resolution Adaptive Resolution Imaging Sonar to examine the behavior of Striped Bass Morone saxatilis, a large coastal predator, and Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis (collectively known as river herring), which are forage fish, below a tide gate structure on the Herring River in Wellfleet, Massachusetts, during the river herring spring spawning run. Striped Bass were persistently present downstream of the tide gate and exhibited strong diurnal and tidal patterns. Activity of Striped Bass was highest at night and during ebb tides. During peak outflow periods, river herring were observed milling downstream of the dam in a scour pool, indicating delayed upstream passage. River herring upstream migration was primarily associated with daytime and during incoming tides. Downstream-migrating river herring were primarily observed during nighttime hours. While it was documented that the tide gates provided a physical impediment to migration, their effect on predator behavior could pose an additional challenge to migrating river herring, further complicating their recovery efforts. Due to the prevalence of obstructed waterways, studying the behavior of fish around anthropogenic structures is important in understanding the full range of impacts that these systems have under varying ecological conditions and on ecological relationships.
Aggression Toward Others Misdiagnosed as Primary Tics
Authors: Kurvits Lille , Mainka Tina , Cavanna Andrea E. , Kühn Andrea A. , Ganos Christos 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundTics describe a wide range of sudden and repetitive behaviors. Their multifaceted clinical features may resemble other explosive behaviors, including repetitive episodes of aggression toward others (allo‐aggression) reported by subjects without tics. Here, we document 3 exemplary cases that help disentangle allo‐aggressive behaviors from tics.CasesWe report 3 cases who presented with an array of complex repetitive behaviors, most notably allo‐aggression (eg, sudden kicking, hitting, slapping and biting others, or pushing someone off a bike), which were misdiagnosed as primary tics. In all cases, additional symptoms, such as blackouts, feeling of being controlled by different personalities, or being empowered by repetitive behaviors, and examination pointed toward different neuropsychiatric diagnoses.ConclusionsRepetitive allo‐aggressive behaviors are not part of the range of motor manifestations of tics. This observation not only has important medico‐legal implications but is also relevant for the overall perception of Tourette syndrome and other primary tic disorders.
Mechanisms of neuronal cell death in ischemic stroke and their therapeutic implications
Authors: Tuo Qing‐zhang , Zhang Shu‐ting , Lei Peng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIschemic stroke caused by arterial occlusion is the most common type of stroke, which is among the most frequent causes of disability and death worldwide. Current treatment approaches involve achieving rapid reperfusion either pharmacologically or surgically, both of which are time‐sensitive; moreover, blood flow recanalization often causes ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, even though neuroprotective intervention is urgently needed in the event of stroke, the exact mechanisms of neuronal death during ischemic stroke are still unclear, and consequently, the capacity for drug development has remained limited. Multiple cell death pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Here, we have reviewed these potential neuronal death pathways, including intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, parthanatos, phagoptosis, and pyroptosis. We have also reviewed the latest results of pharmacological studies on ischemic stroke and summarized emerging drug targets with a focus on clinical trials. These observations may help to further understand the pathological events in ischemic stroke and bridge the gap between basic and translational research to reveal novel neuroprotective interventions.
Spoof plasmon polariton coupler based on the high‐order modes of reflective metasurface
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Bo , Peng Gan‐Tao , Chen Xiao‐Ming , Zhang An‐Xue 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDifferent from previous phase gradient metasurfaces, in this letter we show that the spoof plasmon polariton conversion is dominated by the high‐order surface wave modes rather than the pre‐defined linear phase distribution. The latter becomes invalid due to the coupling between different metallic unit cells of the metasurface. To demonstrate this point, a metasurface, which includes six different H‐shaped structures in a super cell, is designed based on the high‐order surface wave modes with a nonlinear reflective phase distribution. The simulated and measured results support the proposed theory, that is, the designed metasurface can convert x‐ and y‐polarized incident waves into spoof plasmon polariton at 8.9, 10.6, and 11.9 GHz. The metasurface not only verifies the mechanism of spoof plasmon polariton conversion, but also shows great potential in realizing cloaks, flat antennas, and so on.
Radiobiological impact of gadolinium neutron capture from proton therapy and alternative neutron sources using TOPAS‐nBio
Authors: Van Delinder Kurt W. , Khan Rao , Gräfe James L. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeA multi‐scale investigation of the biological properties of gadolinium neutron capture (GdNC) therapy with applications in particle therapy is conducted using the TOPAS Monte Carlo (MC) simulation code. The simulation results are used to quantify the amount of gadolinium dose enhancement produced as a result of the secondary neutron production from proton therapy scaled by measured data.Materials and methodsMC modeling was performed using the radiobiology extension TOol for PArticle Simulation TOPAS‐nBio MC simulation code to study the radiobiological effects produced from GdNC on a segment of DNA, a spherical cellular model, and from the modeling of previous experimental measurements. The average RBE values were calculated from two methods, microdosimetric kinematic (MK) and biological weighting r(y) within a 2 nm DNA segment for GdNC. The single‐strand breaks (SSBs) and double‐strand breaks (DSBs) were calculated from within the nucleus of a 20 µm diameter, spherical cell model. From a previous experimental proton therapy measurement using a spread‐out Bragg peak (SOBP) of 4.5–9.5 cm and a delivered absorbed dose of 10.4 Gy, the amount of Gd neutron captures was calculated and used to quantify the amount of GdNC absolute dose from particle therapy.ResultsThe average RBE from microdosimetric kinematic and biological weighting was 1.35, and 1.70 for a 10% cell survival on HSG cell‐line and weighting function data from early intestinal tolerance of mice. From a central isotropic GdNC source, the energy deposition is found to decrease from roughly 2.7 eV per capture down to approximately 0.01 eV per capture, a drop of two orders of magnitude within 50 nm. This result suggests that Gd needs to be close to the DNA (within 10–20 nm) in order for neutron capture to induce a significant dose enhancement due to the short‐range electrons emitted after Gd neutron capture. Within a spherical cell model, the SSBs, and DSBs were determined to be 39 and 1.5 per neutron capture, respectively. From the total neutron captures produced from an experimental proton therapy measurement on a 3000 PPM Gd solution, an insignificant absolute Gd dose enhancement was quantified to be 5.4 × 10−6 Gy per Gy of administered proton dose.ConclusionFrom this study and literature review, the production of secondary thermal neutrons from proton therapy is determined to be a limiting factor and unlikely to produce a clinically useful dose enhancement for secondary neutron capture therapy. Moreover, alternative neutron sources, such as, a compact deuterium‐tritium (D‐T) neutron generator, a “high yield” deuterium‐deuterium (D‐D) generator, or an industrial strength (100 mg) 252Cf source were investigated, with the 252Cf source the most likely to be capable of producing enough neutrons for 1 Gy of localized GdNC absolute dose within a reasonable treatment time.
Protocol for magnetic resonance imaging acquisition, quality assurance, and quality check for the Accelerator program for Discovery in Brain disorders using Stem cells
Authors: Parekh Pravesh , Bhalerao Gaurav V. , Rao Rashmi , Sreeraj Vanteemar S. , Holla Bharath , Saini Jitender , Venkatasubramanian Ganesan , John John P. , Jain Sanjeev ,   ADBS Consortium
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe Accelerator program for Discovery in Brain disorders using Stem cells (ADBS) is a longitudinal study on five cohorts of patients with major psychiatric disorders from genetically high‐risk families, their unaffected first‐degree relatives, and healthy subjects. We describe the ADBS protocols for acquisition, quality assurance (QA), and quality check (QC) for multimodal magnetic resonance brain imaging studies.MethodsWe describe the acquisition and QC protocols for structural, functional, and diffusion images. For QA, we acquire proton density and functional images on phantoms, along with repeated scans on human volunteer. We describe the analysis of phantom data and test–retest reliability of volumetric and diffusion measures.ResultsAnalysis of acquired phantom data shows linearity of proton density signal with increasing proton fraction, and an overall stability of various spatial and temporal QA measures. Examination of dice coefficient and statistical analyses of coefficient of variation in test–retest data on the human volunteer showed consistency of volumetric and diffusivity measures at whole‐brain, regional, and voxel‐level.ConclusionThe described acquisition and QA–QC procedures can yield consistent and reliable quantitative measures. It is expected that this longitudinal neuroimaging dataset will, upon its release, serve the scientific community well and pave the way for interesting discoveries.
Time is muscle: A recommendation for early treatment for preterm infants with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Lee Bo Hoon , Waldrop Megan A. , Connolly Anne M. , Ciafaloni Emma 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImplementation of newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in 33 US states and increased genetic carrier screening have led to an increase in early, presymptomatic diagnosis of SMA. Early treatment is critically important and is recommended for presymptomatic infants with two to four copies of survival motor neuron 2. Currently, no specific treatment recommendations exist for preterm infants with SMA. The US Food and Drug Administration does not recommend using onasemnogene abeparvovec‐xioi in preterm infants. Some insurance companies interpret “preterm” to be less than 40 weeks gestational age (GA) instead of the commonly accepted 37 weeks GA, which can be a barrier to treatment access. Given the risk of rapid decline in some infants, we recommend treatment of preterm infants when they reach 37 weeks GA, based on the definitions of term GA from the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, assuming all other treatment criteria are met.
Versatile PVA/CS/CuO aerogel with superior hydrophilic and mechanical properties towards efficient solar steam generation
Authors: Tian Yongzhi , Wang Xiaoyang , Gu Yufei , Mu Xiaojiang , Wang Pengfei , Wei Anyun , Zhang Jiahong , Chen Yulian , Sun Zhiqiang , Jia Lingfeng , Zhao Zhongxian , Zhou Jianhua , Miao Lei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn recent years, pursuing a high evaporation rate of solar steam generation (SSG) has been the focus of research for relieving the freshwater shortage. Scientists struggled to find perfect photothermal materials while the importance of substrate during the steam generation was often overlooked. Therefore, in this work, an aerogel substrate composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) has been designed for solar steam generation. The compounded aerogels synthesized via freeze‐drying method not only retain the inherent characteristics of lightweight, porosity, and high specific surface area, but also inherit the advantages of PVA in water lock effect as well as CS in moisture absorption. The obtained PVA/CS/CuO aerogel coupling with high light absorption of CuO exhibited excellent steam generation capabilities, largely benefited from the superiority of the aerogel substrate. Under 1 sun solar illumination (1 kW m–2), it realized an evaporation rate as high as 2.14 Kg m–2 h–1, which is superior to recently reported semiconductor solar evaporation system. The solar‐to‐vapor energy conversion efficiency of 87.1% is obtained. Due to the versatility of CuO, PVA/CS/CuO aerogel not only has excellent light‐to‐heat conversion performance, but also has good effects in antibacterial.
Nursing‐sensitive quality indicators for pernicious placenta previa in obstetrics: A Delphi study based across Chinese institutions
Authors: Zhang Meng , Chen Weiping , Liu Cuiping , Sui Jing , Wang Dawei , Wang Yan , Meng Xin , Wang Yiqian , Yue Chongyu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimTo identify a set of scientific, systematic and clinically applicable nursing‐sensitive quality indicators for pernicious placenta previa (PPP).DesignA modified Delphi‐Consensus Technique.MethodsAccording to literature retrieval published between 2009–2019, 38 nursing‐sensitive quality indicators were chosen and a questionnaire was designed. An online survey was conducted in 20 hospitals in China, and data of experts’ opinions were collected and analysed by improved Delphi method.Results38 nursing‐sensitive quality indicators were identified. The response rates in the two rounds of expert consultation were 97.4% and 100%, and the authoritative coefficients were 0.89 and 0.92. The coefficients of variation ranged from 0.04–0.28. The nursing‐sensitive quality indicators were successfully constructed based on the modified Delphi technique.
Identifying the predictors of turnover intention based on psychosocial factors of nurses during the COVID‐19 outbreak
Authors: Mirzaei Alireza , Rezakhani Moghaddam Hamed , Habibi Soola Aghil 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsBecause of the direct contact nurses have with patients, they are exposed to more stressful events during the outbreak of infectious diseases, which increases their turnover intention, highly impacting not only nurses, but also patients and organizations. The present study aimed to identify the predictors of turnover intention based on psychosocial factors in nurses of Ardabil pre‐hospital emergency and educational and medical centres during the COVID‐19 outbreak.DesignThe present descriptive‐analytical study was conducted in June, 2020.MethodsA total of 479 nurses working in Ardabil pre‐hospital emergency and educational and medical centres to fight COVID‐19 were recruited for this study using the census method. Data were collected using the Demographic Information Questionnaire, Turnover Intention Questionnaire, Weiss & Marmar Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R), General Health Questionnaire (12 C‐GHQ) and Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Data were analysed with SPSSv.22 software using correlation, t test, analysis of variance, multiple regression and descriptive tests.ResultsThe mean turnover intention score of nurses was 41.73 with a standard deviation of 12.11. The results of correlation coefficient revealed a positive relationship between PTSD, general health, job demand and job strain with turnover intention (p ≤ .01) and a positive and significant relationship between social support and turnover intention (p ≤ .01). Multiple regression analysis showed that the variables of gender, marital status, work position, decision latitude, social support, job strain, general health and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were predictors of turnover intention.ConclusionJob stressors during the COVID‐19 outbreak have led to an increase in nurses’ turnover intention. Identifying and managing the factors related to job stressors will make it possible to prevent nurses’ turnover intention in such critical situations.
Influence of psychological stress and coping styles in the professional identity of undergraduate nursing students after the outbreak of COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional study in China
Authors: Zhao Yanyan , Zhou Qiang , Li Jie , Luan Jiage , Wang Bingfei , Zhao Yan , Mu Xinru , Chen Haiying 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the influencing factors in professional identity of undergraduate nursing students after the outbreak of COVID‐19.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThe study covered 2,999 nursing students in six undergraduate nursing schools. Several self‐report questionnaires were used to collect the general information, psychological stress, coping styles and professional identity of the undergraduate nursing students.ResultsThe overall average score of the professional identity of nursing students (3.67 ± 0.51) has increased significantly after the outbreak of COVID‐19. The professional identity of the undergraduate nursing students was negatively correlated with psychological stress (r = −0.23, p < .001), expectation (r = −0.12, p < .001) and avoidance (r = −0.16, p < .001), but was positively correlated with solving problems (r = 0.18, p < .001) and seeking support (r = 0.12, p < .001). Academic performance, positions, grades, reasons for choosing a nursing profession, parents or relatives engaged in nursing work and the risk degree of residence were the factors influencing the professional identity score of undergraduate nursing students' (p < .001).
The mediating effect of self‐efficacy on the relationship between family functioning and quality of life among elders with chronic diseases
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Xu Hui‐wen , Zhang Song , Wang Ying , Kitayama Akio , Takashi En , Gong Wei‐juan , Liang Jing‐yan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimTo explore whether self‐efficacy has any positive or negative mediating effects between family functioning and quality of life among elders with chronic diseases.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsQuestionnaires were collected from 516 community‐dwelling elderly individuals with chronic diseases using a convenience sampling method. The questionnaires included the Self‐efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease Six‐Item Scale, the Family Adaptation Partnership Growth Affection Resolve Index and the MOS 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey.ResultsFamily functioning and self‐efficacy impacted the quality of life of community‐dwelling elderly individuals with chronic diseases. Family functioning was mediated by self‐efficacy and had an indirect impact on quality of life. The mediating effect accounted for 62.50% of the total effect.
Predicting undergraduate nursing students’ willingness to care for older adults: A multicenter cross‐sectional study in Asia
Authors: Liu Xian‐Liang , Cheng Hui‐Lin , Lam Simon Ching 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the willingness of nursing students in Hong Kong and Mainland China to care for the elderly and to identify the factors influencing their willingness.DesignA correlational and cross‐sectional design.MethodsA four‐part self‐administered questionnaire was utilized to collect data from the undergraduate nursing students in Hong Kong and Mainland China.ResultsThe total sample consisted of 820 nursing students, with 481 students in Hong Kong and 339 students in Mainland China. The scores of willingness to care for older people of the two groups were similar (mean score 4.68 versus 4.44), and no significant difference was observed between the students in the two regions (p = .071). A very low proportion of the nursing students in Hong Kong (7.7%) and those in Mainland China (3.6%) ranked caring for older people as their first choice of work. No salient predictors of willingness to care for older people existed for the nursing students in Mainland China.