bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of a School-based Multicomponent Behavioural Intervention for Overweight and Obese Children Living in Deprived Urban Areas
Authors: Kloek Gitte C , Jongert Martien WA , de Vries Sanne I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study evaluated the effect of an after-school group-based medium-intensity multicomponent behavioural intervention programme for children aged 8-12 years with overweight or obesity on body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS). In accordance with standardized protocols body weight and height were measured in 195 participants (88 boys, 107 girls) at baseline and at the end of the programme. A total of 166 children derived from a school-based monitoring system served as control group. Multivariate regression analyses examined the effect of the intervention and the independent factors associated with better outcomes in the intervention group.ResultsAnalysis of covariance showed a significant intervention effect on BMI SDS in favour of the intervention group (b-coefficient -0.13 ± 0.03; p< 0.01) compared with the control group. Change in BMI SDS between baseline and follow-up in the intervention group was associated with baseline age (b-coefficient 0.03 ± 0.02; p= 0.04) but was independent from gender, ethnicity, baseline BMI SDS, time between baseline and follow-up, school year and attendance rate.
Comparing the Characteristics and Predicting the Survival of Head and Neck Melanoma versus Body Melanoma: A Population-based Study
Authors: Ding Yuxin , Jiang Runyi , Chen Yuhong , Jing Jing , Yang Xiaoshuang , Wu Xianjie , Zhang Xiaoyang , Xu Jiali , Xu Piaopiao , LiuHuang ShuChen , Lu Zhangfa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have reported poorer survival in head and neck melanoma (HNM) than in body melanoma (BM). Individualized tools to predict the prognosis for patients with HNM or BM remain insufficient.
Objectives
To compare the characteristics of HNM and BM, and to establish and validate the nomograms for predicting the 3-, 5- and 10-year survival of patients with HNM or BM.
Methods
We studied patients with HNM or BM from 2004 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The HNM group and BM group were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. We performed the Kaplan-Meier method for survival analysis, and used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to identify independent prognostic factors. Nomograms for HNM patients or BM patients were developed via the rms package, and were measured by the concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and calibration plots.
Results
Of 70605 patients acquired, 21% (n = 15071) had HNM and 79% (n = 55534) had BM. The HNM group contained more older patients, male patients, and lentigo maligna melanoma, and more frequently had thicker tumors and metastases than the BM group. The 5-year CSS and OS rates were 88.1 ± 0.3% and 74.4 ± 0.4% in the HNM group and 92.5 ± 0.1% and 85.8 ± 0.2% in the BM group, respectively. Eight independent prognostic factors (age, sex, histology, thickness, ulceration, stage, metastases, and surgery) were identified to construct nomograms for HNM patients or BM patients. The performance of the nomograms were excellent: the C-index of the CSS prediction for HNM patients and BM patients in the training cohort were 0.839 and 0.895, respectively; in the validation cohort, they were 0.848 and 0.888, respectively; the AUCs for the 3-, 5- and 10-year CSS rates of HNM were 0.871, 0.865 and 0.854 (training), and 0.881, 0.879 and 0.861 (validation), respectively; of BM, the AUCs were 0.924, 0.918 and 0.901 (training) and 0.916, 0.908 and 0.893 (validation), respectively; and the calibration plots showed great consistency.
Conclusions
The characteristics of HNM and BM are heterogeneous, and we constructed and validated specific nomograms as practical prognostic tools for patients with HNM or BM.
Increased levels of serum IL-17 and induced sputum neutrophil percentage are associated with severe early-onset asthma in adults
Authors: Chen Dandan , Zhang Yu , Yao Can , Li Binbin , Li Sinian , Liu Wenwen , Chen Rongchang , Shi Fei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDifferences between adult patients with severe early-onset and late-onset asthma have not been well studied.Objectives:To determine the phenotypic distinction regarding age at onset in patients with severe asthma.MethodsThe present study enrolled thirty-two patients with severe early-onset (onset age < 12 years) asthma and thirty-two patients with severe late-onset (onset age > 12 years) asthma. Severe asthma was defined according to Global Initiative for Asthma criteria. The clinical, spirometric, and laboratory parameters were collected for group comparisons.ResultsAmong the 64 patients included (mean age, 46.22 ± 13.90 years; 53.1% male), the mean percent of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 68.43 ± 20.55%. Patients with severe early-onset asthma had a younger age, longer duration of asthma, higher rate of family history, and better small-airway function (MEF25% and MMEF75/25%) compared with severe late-onset asthma. Furthermore, levels of serum IL-17 and sputum neutrophil percentage were significantly higher for patients with severe early-onset asthma (P = 0.016, 0.033, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that increased serum IL-17 (odds ratio = 1.065, P = 0.016) was independently associated with severe early-onset asthma. The combination of serum IL-17 and sputum neutrophil percentage yielded a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 86.7% for identifying patients with severe early-onset asthma.ConclusionsPatients with severe early-onset asthma exhibit elevated levels of serum IL-17 and sputum neutrophil percentage, suggesting a potential role in the pathogenesis of severe early-onset phenotype.
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 predicts exercise tolerance in COPD patients
Authors: Deng Mingming , Yin Yan , Zhang Qin , Zhou Xiaoming , Yang Ting , Hou Gang , Wang Chen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background & aimsImpaired exercise tolerance is a clinical feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with disease progression and increased mortality. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a reliable and widely used measure of exercise capacity. However, it is not commonly used in primary medical institutions because it requires a suitable venue and professional training. Developing a simple tool to assess exercise tolerance is important. Molecular biomarkers show potential for evaluating the clinical outcomes (mortality, exacerbation) of COPD patients. The aim of this study was to identify simple and effective biomarkers to predict poor exercise tolerance in COPD patients.MethodsTen genes were selected by weighted correlation network analysis and differentially expressed gene analysis. Validation in an independent dataset led to the identification of PLA2G7, which was verified as a potential biomarker in COPD by bioinformatics analysis. The concentration of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), which is encoded by the PLA2G7 gene, was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a prospective validation cohort. The predictive capacity of Lp-PLA2 for 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) < 350 m was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Traditional clinical features and Lp-PLA2 levels were incorporated into a nomogram to build a predictive model for poor exercise tolerance.ResultsThe final cohort included 92 stable COPD patients and 16 healthy smokers. Lp-PLA2 was upregulated in COPD patients and increased along with GOLD stage. Lp-PLA2 level was significant correlated with FEV1/FVC, BMI, FFMI, CAT score, mMRC score, and 6MWD in COPD patients. The predictive efficacy of Lp-PLA2 level (AUC: 0.796) and the derived nomogram model (AUC: 0.884) for exercise tolerance was superior to that of the sit-to-stand test and traditional clinical features.ConclusionLp-PLA2 is a promising biomarker for COPD patients and is suitable for assessing exercise tolerance in clinical practice.
Pulmonary bacterial infections in patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a retrospective observational study
Authors: HUSAIN Maya , Valayer Simon , Poey Nora , Rondinaud Emilie , d’Humières Camille , Visseaux Benoit , Lariven Sylvie , Lescure François-Xavier , Deconinck Laurène 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Backround

During the COVID-19 pandemic, antibiotics use was very common. However, bacterial co/secondary infections with coronaviruses remain largely unknown, especially outside of intensive care. The aim of this study was to investigate the pulmonary bacterial infections characteristics associated with COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.
Methods

A retrospective monocentric observational study was conducted in Bichat hospital in France, between February 26 and April 22, 2020. All patients hospitalized in standard wards with COVID-19 (positive nasopharyngeal PCR and/or typical aspect on CT scan) and diagnosed with a pulmonary bacterial infection (positive bacteriological samples) were included. Bacteriological and clinical data were collected from the microbiology laboratories and the patient's medical records.
Results

Twenty-three bacteriological samples from 22 patients were positive out of 2075 screened samples (1.1%) from 784 patients (2.8%). Bacterial infection occurred with a median of ten days after COVID-19 onset. Diagnosis of pulmonary bacterial infection was suspected on the increase of oxygen requirements (20/22), productive cough or modification of sputum (17/22), or fever (10/22). Positive samples included 13 sputum cultures, one Film Array® on sputum, one bronchoalveolar lavage, six blood cultures and two pneumococcal antigenuria. The most frequent bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6/23), Staphylococcus aureus (5/23), Streptococcus pneumoniae (4/23), Enterococcus faecalis (3/23) and Klebsiella aerogenes (3/23). No Legionella antigenuria was positive. Four out of 496 nasopharyngeal PCR (0.8%) were positive for intracellular bacteria (two Bordetella pertussis and two Mycoplasma pneumonia).
Conclusions

Pulmonary bacterial secondary infections and co-infections with SARS-CoV-2 are uncommon. Antibiotic use should remain limited in the management of COVID-19.
Osteonecrosis of The Hip: Is There A Difference In The Survivorship Of Total Hip Arthroplasty With or Without Previous Vascular Iliac Bone Grafting
Authors: Chau Wai Wang , Ng Jonathan Patrick , Lau Hiu-Woo , Ong Michael Tim-Yun , Chung Kwong-Yin , Ho Kevin Ki-Wai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating condition. Vascularized iliac bone grafts (VIBG) is a joint preserving surgery to improve blood supply to the avascular portion of the femoral head which may delay secondary osteoarthritis and total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, whether VIBG will affect the subsequent THA survivorship and outcomes is still uncertain.MethodsImplant survivorship and clinical outcomes were compared between 37 patients who had undergone prior VIBG and 302 patient who had only undergone THA for ONFH. Baseline characteristics and the postoperative Harris Hip Score (HHS) were also recorded and compared between the two groups. Implant survivorship was determined using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.ResultsThe overall implant survival for all patients who had a primary diagnosis of ONFH and eventually underwent THA was 92.9%. There was no significant difference in the implant survivorship between the group who directly received THA (survivorship of 93%), and the group which failed VIBG and was subsequently converted to THA (survivorship of 91.9%) (p= 0.71). In addition, higher THA revision rates were associated with smokers and drinkers. ConclusionsVIBG may be a reasonable option as a “buy-time” procedure for ONFH. Even if conversion to THA is eventually required, patients may be reassured that the overall survivorship and clinical outcomes may not be compromised. Patients are recommended to give up smoking and binge drinking before THA to increase the implant survival rate.
NH4V3O8 Rectangular Nanotube: A Novel High-Performance Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Kou Lingjiang , Song Jiajia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The morphology and nanosize of cathode materials play a crucial role in the improved electrochemical properties of the electrode material for lithium ion batteries. Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel NH4V3O8 rectangular nanotube via a facile one-pot solvothermal protocol with the use of the mixing solvent containing glycerol, ethanol, and ethylene glycol. The morphology and nanosize evolution of the as-prepared NH4V3O8 materials from the addition of different solvents has been systematically investigated. The electrochemical properties of these materials are closely related to their structure. Compared with other synthesized counterparts with three different morphologies (nanoparticle, ultra-small nanoparticle, and hierarchical microsheet), the resultant NH4V3O8 rectangular nanotube exhibited high reversible capacity with a maximum discharge capacity of 253.8 mAh g− 1at 15 mA g− 1, and the capacity retention rate is 75 % after 50 cycles. This work reveals the relationship between the morphology and electrochemical performance of NH4V3O8 and provides a feasible method for the synthesis of high-performance electrode materials.
Gross Values: Investigating the role of disgust in bioethics
Authors: Sanyal Mohima , McAuliffe William B , Curry Oliver Scott 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
What is the role of disgust in moral judgements? Previous research found that disgust increases the severity of judgments; but other more recent work has cast doubt on these findings. Here we investigate roles of induced and trait disgust on moral judgments of controversial biological and medical technologies – bioethics – an area rife with proto-typical disgust cues. Participants (N = 600) viewed disgusting, frightening, or neutral pictures, rated the moral acceptability of biomedical technologies, and completed questionnaire measures of trait disgust. We found a small negative effect of induced disgust (but not fear) on the acceptability of ‘existing’ biotechnology, but not ‘future’, ‘agricultural’, or ‘termination’ biotechnologies. But this effect was too small to change pre-existing opinions and would not have survived a correction for multiple tests. Although trait disgust had mostly negative relationships with moral acceptability of biotechnologies, it did not moderate the effect of observing disgusting photos on biotechnology judgments. The larger, more consistent effects for trait disgust suggest that either (a) measures of trait disgust and moral attitudes share a source of method variance or (b) incidental, visual manipulations are too weak to capture the true effect of disgust on moral judgments.
Evaluation of ibuprofen and diclofenac in the main rivers of Colombia and striped catfish Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum.
Authors: Ríos Sara E. Gallego , Peñuela Gustavo A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This is one of the first studies carried out over three climatic seasons on the determination of ibuprofen and diclofenac, in the main rivers of Colombia and striped catfish Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum. Determination of water concentrations was carried out using SPE extraction, while for the analysis of the muscular tissue the extraction was carried out by QuEChERS. For both matrices, quantification was done by UHPLC-MS/MS. No levels of ibuprofen or diclofenac concentrations were found in muscle tissue of Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum, in any season or sampling site, during the two years of sampling. In some sampling sites, concentrations of up to 75 µg/L of diclofenac were detected, corresponding to the sampling carried out in the dry season, being the highest reported so far in surface waters, possibly generated by large concentrations of population or agricultural activities. On the other hand, for ibuprofen, no concentrations above the limit of quantification (0.50 µg/L) were found in the waters of the Cauca and Magdalena rivers, for any season and sampling site.
An Analysis of Social Interaction between Novice Older Adults When Learning Gesture-based Skills Through Simple Digital Games
Authors: Springett Mark Vincent , Mihajlov Martin , Brzovska Ezeni , Orozel Mihaela , Elsner Vesna , Oppl Sabrina , Stary Christian , Keith Suzette , Richardson James 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper reports three exploratory empirical studies with older adults that had little or no prior experience with interactive technologies. The participants were introduced to interactive technology by playing games on touchscreens, playing in pairs with the assistance of a mentor. We focus on two principle aspects, the peer-to-peer interaction during these sessions, and the role of the mentor in progressing the sessions. In the case of peer-to-peer interaction we looked for ways in which players supported each other during interaction to assess the role of peer interaction in this context. In the case of mentoring, we examined the efficacy of a minimalist approach where verbal encouragement, suggestions or (in the last resort) intervention are used to provide support to learners. The sessions showed that learners typically could play and learn basic manipulations independently after initial help and guidance from mentors. We also found that peer interaction, both in verbal and non-verbal communication and cooperative action was broadly a positive influence within sessions, suggesting that there is significant value in building confidence as well as in learning.
Astrocyte-to-neuron transportation of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein in cerebral cortex requires F-actin dependent Tunneling Nanotubes
Authors: Chen Jing , Cao Junyan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) , a dynamic cell-cell contact, is dependent on actin polimerization. TNTs are efficient in transporting ions, proteins and organelles intercellularly, which are important mechanisms in physiological and phathological precesses. Reported studies on the existence and function of TNTs among neural cells focus on cultured cell for the convenience in detecting TNTs’ ultrastructure. In this study, the adeno-associated virus (AAV-GFAP-EGFP-p2A-cre) was injected in the cerebral cortex of knock-in mice ROSA26 GNZ. GFAP promoter initiated the expression of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) in infected astrocytes. At 10 days post injection (10 DPI), we found that EGFP could transfer from astrocytes in layerⅠ-Ⅲ to neurons in layer Ⅴ. The dissemination of EGFP was not through endocytosis or exosome. And the intercellular transportation of EGFP was F-actin dependent. Therefore, we concluded EGFP transported from astrocytes to neurons in coetex via F-actin dependent TNTs. Although it is hardly to detect the ultrastrucute of TNTs in brain for its transiency and the noisy background, we established an animal model and indirect experimental methods to explore TNTs in vivo.
Usefulness of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 as a predictor of sustained remission in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Authors: Ishizaki Jun , Takemori Ayako , Horie Kenta , Hiraoka Daisuke , Suemori Koichiro , Matsumoto Takuya , Sada Ken-ei , Amano Koichi , Harigai Masayoshi , Arimura Yoshihiro , Makino Hirofumi , Takenaka Katsuto , Takemori Nobuaki , Hasegawa Hitoshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: We previously identified tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) as a biomarker of disease activity that distinguished mildly or highly active antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) from remission 6 months after the initiation of remission-induction therapy. In the present study, we investigated whether TIMP-1 is clinically useful as a predictor of relapse and sustained remission in AAV patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) during maintenance therapy.Methods: The relationship between serum TIMP-1 levels and clinical outcomes in AAV patients receiving maintenance therapy was assessed using the follow-up data of a Japanese large-cohort study (the RemIT-JAV-RPGN study) and data collected from AAV patients on maintenance therapy in our hospital (the MAAV-EU study).Results: In the RemIT-JAV RPGN study, serum levels of TIMP-1 were significantly higher in mildly active AAV patients with MPA and GPA (median BVAS 5) 6 months after the initiation of remission-induction therapy than in patients in remission. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in C-reactive protein (CRP) or myeloperoxidase-ANCA levels between these groups. Regarding maintenance therapy, elevated levels of TIMP-1 in patients in remission were associated with relapse and/or difficulty reducing the glucocorticoid dosage after 6 to 12 months. In the MAAV-EU study, serum levels of TIMP-1 were elevated in relapsed patients 6 months before relapse, earlier than the increase in serum levels of CRP. Analyses of both studies revealed that approximately 30% of patients in remission with a serum TIMP-1 level ≥150 ng/mL relapsed after 6 to 12 months, while the majority of patients with a TIMP-1 level <150 ng/mL sustained remission for at least 12 months. This result suggests that a serum TIMP-1 level <150 ng/mL reflects complete remission and ≥150 ng/mL indicates subclinical inflammation, even with BVAS 0.Conclusion: We herein demonstrated that TIMP-1 is more useful as a predictive biomarker of sustained remission than as a predictor of relapse in maintenance therapy for AAV. TIMP-1 levels <150 ng/mL are important for the long-term maintenance of remission and may be an indicator for the tapering or cessation of treatment.
Inclusive practice for students with neurodevelopmental disorders in Sweden
Authors: Bölte Sven , Leifler Emma , Berggren Steve , Borg Anna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
‘Inclusion’ aims to achieve adaptation of the environment to the diverse prerequisites and needs of individuals, instead of demanding of individuals to cope with the challenges of a given context themselves exclusively. All Scandinavian countries have made formal decisions to enhance inclusive practice for children and adolescents with disabilities in educational settings, seeking to implement international conventions. We investigated current inclusive practice for students with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in Swedish primary, secondary and high-schools using the 61-item INCLUSIO scale among N=4778 school staff with educational responsibilities in 68 public and private schools across 11 municipalities. Overall, school staff reported not to be well prepared to teach students with NDDs and that their school’s implementation of concrete inclusive practice was limited. Findings indicate a gap between inclusive educational ambitions and current practice for students with NDDs. Enriched teacher education and supervision for NDDs, a shift in pedagogical views of NDDs and better collaboration between community services, as well as systematic evidence-based implementation plans driven by policy makers and educational authorities may help improve inclusive practice.