bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State-of-the-Art: Exosomes in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Dang Yan , Zhang Shutian , Wang Yongjun , Zhao Guiping , Chen Chuyan , Jiang Wei 
Published: November 2021

:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high prevalence and mortality rate globally. To date, the
progression mechanisms of CRC are still elusive. Exosomes (~100 nm in diameter) correspond to a
subset of extracellular vesicles formed by an array of cancerous cells and stromal cells. These particular
nanovesicles carry and transmit bioactive molecules, like proteins, lipids, and genetic materials,
which mediate the crosstalk between cancer cells and the microenvironment. Accumulating
evidence has shown the decisive functions of exosomes in the development, metastasis, and therapy
resistance of CRC. Furthermore, some recent studies have also revealed the abilities of exosomes
to function as either biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRC. This review focuses on the
specific mechanisms of exosomes in regulating CRC progression and summarizes the potential clinical
applications of exosomes in the diagnosis and therapy of CRC.
Thiophene Ring-Opening Reactions IV. Facile Generation of Novel Ethyl
4-hydroxy-6-thioxonicotinate-1,3,4-thiadiazoline Hybrids
Authors: Abadleh Mohammed M. , Abdullah Ahmad H. , Zahra Jalal A. , Sabri Salim S. , Awwadi Firas F. , El-Abadelah Mustafa M. 
Published: November 2021

:
A set of triethylammonium 4-oxo-6-pyridinethiolate–1,3,4-thiadiazoline hybrids (3a-e)
were prepared via the reaction of ethyl 2-chloro-6-cyclopropyl-3- nitro-4-oxothieno[2,3-b]pyridine-
5-carboxylate (2) with the appropriate thiobenzoyl- hydrazide (1a-e) in acetonitrile and triethylamine.
These hybrids were readily converted, under neutral mild conditions, into the corresponding
4-hydroxy-6-thioxopyridine –thiadiazoline hybrids (5a-e). The structures of the latter set are
supported by HRMS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectral data and further confirmed by single-crystal
X-ray diffraction studies. Alkylation of these hybrids in the presence of triethylamine occurred
exclusively at the 6-thioxosulfur, yielding the respective 6-sulfanyl derivatives (6a-c).
COVID-19 Vaccine–Related Attitudes and Beliefs in Canada: National Cross-sectional Survey and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Benham Jamie L , Atabati Omid , Oxoby Robert J , Mourali Mehdi , Shaffer Blake , Sheikh Hasan , Boucher Jean-Christophe , Constantinescu Cora , Parsons Leigh Jeanna , Ivers Noah M , Ratzan Scott C , Fullerton Madison M , Tang Theresa , Manns Braden J , Marshall Deborah A , Hu Jia , Lang Raynell 
Published: November 2021

Background
There are concerns that vaccine hesitancy may impede COVID-19 vaccine rollout and prevent the achievement of herd immunity. Vaccine hesitancy is a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite their availability.

Objective
We aimed to identify which people are more and less likely to take a COVID-19 vaccine and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy to inform public health messaging.

Methods
A Canadian cross-sectional survey was conducted in Canada in October and November 2020, prior to the regulatory approval of the COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine hesitancy was measured by respondents answering the question “what would you do if a COVID-19 vaccine were available to you?” Negative binomial regression was used to identify the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct clusters based on intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine, beliefs about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, and adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions.

Results
Of 4498 participants, 2876 (63.9%) reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with (1) younger age (18-39 years), (2) lower education, and (3) non-Liberal political leaning. Participants that reported vaccine hesitancy were less likely to believe that a COVID-19 vaccine would end the pandemic or that the benefits of a COVID-19 vaccine outweighed the risks. Individuals with vaccine hesitancy had higher prevalence of being concerned about vaccine side effects, lower prevalence of being influenced by peers or health care professionals, and lower prevalence of trust in government institutions.

Conclusions
These findings can be used to inform targeted public health messaging to combat vaccine hesitancy as COVID-19 vaccine administration continues. Messaging related to preventing COVID among friends and family, highlighting the benefits, emphasizing safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination, and ensuring that health care workers are knowledgeable and supported in their vaccination counselling may be effective for vaccine-hesitant populations.
Development of Resilient Measurement Instruments for High School Students in Denpasar
Authors: Olok Wilhelmina , Dantes Nyoman , Suarni Ni Ketut 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this development research is to determine the value of the validity and reliability of the tough character instrument. This study was designed with research and development methods. Analysis of the data used in the CVR and CVI tests from Lawshe, the empirical test with the product moment formula, while to test the reliability using Cronbach's alpha. The instrument validation test was carried out by experts. The results of data analysis using the Lawshe CVR test obtained an item value (CVR> 0), then the CVI value was obtained at 0.96, this value means that the content validity index of 45 items in the tough character instrument is very good. The results of the calculation of the validity of the item validity test using the Product Moment formula according to the valid category criteria. this shows that the level of reliability of the tough character instrument is very high, so this tough character instrument product is very important to be developed for students in high school.
Pelaksanaan Kode Etik Konselor Dalam Hubungan Ganda Di Sekolah
Authors: Abdillah Nurfauzy , Kurniawati Siti Zahra , Marjo Happy Karlina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Multiple relationships or multiple roles are relationships that occur professionally and non-professionally. This study aims to explore the experiences of school counselors regarding multiple relationships in counseling with students. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study design. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling form. The subjects in this study were 2 Guidance and Counseling teachers. Data collection was carried out by interview. The results showed 1) The implementation of counseling in schools in managing multiple relationships by determining boundaries and explaining the different roles to students in the counseling process to minimize the risk of multiple relationships. 2) School counselors in building social relationships, need to avoid special closeness with students as a form of maintaining the counselor's professional identity 3) Ethical violations of multiple relationships in schools such as providing understanding to students as well as providing punishment and a dual role between counseling teachers and subject teachers.Indonesian Abstract: Hubungan ganda atau peran ganda merupakan hubungan yang terjadi secara professional dan non-profesional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman konselor sekolah tentang hubungan ganda dalam konseling dengan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dengan bentuk purposive sampling. Subyek dalam penelitian ini 2 orang guru Bimbingan dan Konseling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 1) Pelaksanaan konseling di sekolah dalam mengelola hubungan ganda dengan menentukan batasan dan menjelaskan tentang perbedaan peran kepada siswa dalam proses konseling untuk meminimalisir resiko dari hubungan ganda. 2) Konselor sekolah dalam membangun hubungan sosial, perlu menghindari kedekatan khusus dengan siswa sebagai bentuk menjaga identitas professional konselor 3) Pelanggaran etis hubungan ganda di sekolah seperti memberikan pemahaman kepada siswa sekaligus memberikan hukuman dan adanya peran ganda antara guru konseling dan guru mata pelajaran
Analysis of the size and composition of natural sand particles in the Rokan River Riau Province as a function of ball milling time
Authors: Sinuraya Salomo , Amiruddin Erwin , Wahyuni Linda , Jesika Nita 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak. Pasir alam merupakan bahan alam yang berada ditepi pantai, sungai, maupun perbukitan. Pasir alam merupakan batuan sedimentasi yang mengandung berbagai unsur partikel magnetik dan partikel non-magnetik. Penelitian pasir alam sungai dilakukan dengan metode ball milling guna menghaluskan ukuran partikel. Sifat magnetik yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah nilai suseptibilitas magnetik, variasi ukuran dan komposisi partikel ditentukan terhadap sampel pasir alam sungai Rokan dan konsentrat hasil ball milling 60 jam dan 100 jam. Nilai suseptibilitas magnetik yang didapatkan berkisar (968,245-19471,568) ´10-5. Hasil pengujian Scanning Electron Microscope menunjukkan bahwa ukuran partikel yang disintesis oleh ball milling selama 60 jam dan 100 jam diperoleh masing-masing sebesar 107 nm dan 96 nm. Hasil identifikasi X-Ray Fluorescence menunjukkan bahwa komposisi Fe meningkat dari 1,669 menjadi 35,187%, sedangkan komposisi Si mengalami penurunan dari 84,391 menjadi 41,079% setelah di ball milling selama 100 jam. Abstract. Natural sand is a natural material that is on the edge of a beach, river or hills. Natural sand is a sedimentation rock containing various elements of magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles. Research of natural sand of the river is carried out by ball milling method to smooth particle size. The magnetic properties tested in the study were the magnetic susceptibility, size and composition of natural samples of Rokan river sand and concentrate 2 milled for 60 h and 100 h using ball milling were determined natural Magnetic susceptibility values are in the range of (968.245-19471.568)´10-5. Scanning Electron Microscope result showed that the size of magnetic particle synthesized by ball milling for 60 h and 100 h are 107 nm and 96 nm, respectively. X-Ray Fluorescence identification results showed that the composition of Fe increased from 1.669 to 35.187%, while the composition of Si decreased from 84.391 to 41.079% after being ball milling for 100 h.Keywords: Natural sand of Rokan river, ball milling, magnetic susceptibility, SEM, XRF
PENGARUH SPIRITUAL QUOTIENT DAN WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY TERHADAP DEVIANT WORKPLACE BEHAVIOR DENGAN JOB SATISFACTION SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN SEKOLAH DASAR ISLAM DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Rachman Arif Nur , Firdaus Firdaus 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Spiritual Quotient dan Workplace Sprituality terhadap Deviant Workplace Behavior dengan Job Satisfacation sebagai Variabel Intervening pada pegawai SDI AL Mufidah Surabaya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 orang dan sampel size sejumlah 30 responden dengan menggunakan sampel jenuh / sensus yang termasuk dalam non probability sampling. Alat analisis menggunakan data kuesioner yang diolah menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Sedangkan untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan alat analisis Partial Least Square. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan variabel Spiritual Quotient berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel Deviant Workplace Behavior dengan nilai T-Statistik (3,697) > nilai T-Tabel (2,04), variabel Workplace Spirituality berpengaruh terhadap variabel Job Satisfaction dengan nilai T-Statistik (5,010) > nilai T-Tabel (2,04) dan Workplace Spirituality berpengaruh terhadap variabel Deviant Workplace Behavior dengan nilai T-Statistik (2,418) > nilai T-Tabel (2,04), sedangkan untuk pengaruh Spiritual Quotient dan Workplace Spirituality melalui Job Satisfaction sebagai variabel intervening tidak terbukti berpengaruh.
Tingkat Kepuasan Petani Terhadap Penggunaan Benih Jagung Hibrida Di Desa Singkalan Kecamatan Balongbendo Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Nurmavina Tri Wahyu , Soedarto Teguh , Amir Indra Tjahaja 
Published: November 2021

Kenaikan produksi jagung tidak lepas dari penggunaan benih jagung yang unggul, salah satu benih yang digunakan adalah benih jagung hibrida. Hal ini berdampak pada semakin luasnya pasar di Indonesia sehingga menyebabkan persaingan pasar yang semakin tinggi serta setiap produsen bersaing untuk mencari konsumennya. Salah satu cara untuk mendapatkan konsumen adalah dengan mengetahui tingkat kepuasan konsumen. Tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap suatu produk dipengaruhi oleh sekumpulan atribut yang dimiliki oleh produk tersebut. Desa Singkalan adalah salah satu desa yang memiliki luas lahan produksi jagung terbesar di kecamatan Balongbendo kabupaten Sidoarjo Jawa Timur. Dimana di desa tersebut sebagian besar petani menggunakan benih jagung hibrida Pertiwi 3 untuk menanam jagung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) mengidentifikasi karakteristik pengguna benih jagung hibrida 3 di Desa Singkalan (2) menganalisis tingkat kepuasan petani terhadap penggunaan benih jagung hibrida Pertiwi 3 di Desa Singkalan. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis deskriptif, Importance and Performance Analysis (IPA) dan Customer Satisfication Index (CSI). Hasil Analisis IPA menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat atribut yang memiliki kinerja baik sehingga layak untuk dipertahankan salah satunya yaitu produktifitas. Sedangkan berdasarkan analisis CSI diperoleh tingkat kepuasan petani yaitu sebesar 69% yang dapat diartikan bahwa petani puas terhadap penggunaan benih jagung hibrida Pertiwi 3.
СТРАТИФИЦИРОВАННЫЙ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЫЙ ГОРИЗОНТ В НИЖЕГОРОДСКОМ КРЕМЛЕ: УСЛОВИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА
Authors: Н.Н. Грибов 
Published: November 2021

В статье публикуются предварительные результаты изучения культурных отложений, вскрытых раскопками в зоне воссоздания храма Святого Симеона Столпника в кремле г. Нижнего Новгорода в 2018 г. Охарактеризован механизм формирования стратифицированного сухого культурного слоя на оползневой террасе в пределах берегового склона. Средневековый горизонт датирован XIII - началом XV в. В нем выделено пять разновременных слоев с археологическими находками, отделенными друг от друга стерильными склоновыми отложениями. Отмечена смена характера использования исследованного участка после завершения средневекового периода. Позднейший этап освоения (конец XV - начало XVIII в.) связан с функционированием монастырского некрополя.
The paper reports on preliminary results of examining the occupational deposits discovered by the 2018 excavations conducted on the site where the Cathedral of St. Simeon Stylite in the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin will be rebuilt. The paper characterizes the formation mechanism of the stratified dry occupation layer on the landslip terrace within the bank slope. The medieval horizon dates to the 13th - early 15th centuries. Five layers with archaeological finds separated by sterile slope detritus dating to different periods are singled out. It is noted that after the medieval period the examined site was used for a different purpose. The latest stage of its occupation (late 15th - early 18th centuries) is related to the operation of a monastery necropolis.
КОМПЛЕКС ЖЕНСКИХ УКРАШЕНИЙ ИЗ ТВЕРСКОГО КЛАДА 2011 г. («РАСКОП ТРУДОЛЮБИЯ-2»)
Authors: А.В. Вяземский , Т.А. Левыкина 
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается клад, датируемый концом XVI - началом XVII в., зафиксированный в 2011 г. в ходе проведения спасательных археологических работ на территории строительства по адресу: г. Тверь, пер. Трудолюбия, д. 2. Комплекс состоит из текстильных изделий и набора женских ювелирных украшений, характерных для обозначенного хронологического периода. Описаны особенности технологических приемов, с помощью которых выполнены ювелирные изделия. Помимо этого приведены результаты культурологического анализа и естественно-научных исследований. Подобная находка наглядно характеризует стилистические и технологические особенности ювелирного дела XVI-XVII вв. на территории Руси, в том числе его Новгородскую традицию .
The paper reports on the hoard dating to the end of the 16th - early 17th centuries discovered during rescue archaeological works on the construction site at Trudolyubiya side street 2, Tver, in 2011. The assemblage consists of textile goods and a set of female jewelry typical for this chronological period. It describes specific features of techniques used to make these jewelry pieces. The paper also contains results of the culturological analysis and scientific studies. This find is a good illustration of stylistic and technological features of jewelry production in the 16th-17th centuries in Medieval Russia, including its Novgorod tradition.
ЛЕТАЛЬНЫЕ ТРАВМЫ ГОЛОВЫ В ЭПОХУ БРОНЗЫ (НОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ)
Authors: М.Б. Медникова 
Published: November 2021

Современные методы радиологии и визуализации сегодня вносят существенный вклад в изучение смертельных ранений у представителей разных археологических культур. В эпоху бронзы самым грозным оружием стал боевой топор. Настоящая статья посвящена применению метода микротомографии в описании некоторых впервые найденных травм на черепах из Пепкинского коллективного захоронения (абашевская археологическая культура, Среднее Поволжье). Наши данные позволяют оценить некоторые последствия применения боевых топоров и их тип. Трехмерные виртуальные реконструкции несквозных повреждений свода черепа, причиненных боевыми топорами, позволяют определить форму ударного края, которая имеет диагностическую ценность. Одновременно производились эксперименты по использованию боевого топора абашевского типа. Получены отпечатки в пластике ударов под разными углами. После микротомографии сопоставлялись 3D-виртуальные изображения ударного края оружия и травм черепа. Главный вывод данной работы заключается в констатации гибели пепкинских мужчин под ударами абашевских боевых топоров. Это означает существование возможного внутриплеменного конфликта в этой культурной общности.
Today modern radiological and visualization techniques make great impact on the study of lethal wounds among representatives of different archaeological cultures. Battle axes became the most dangerous weapon of the Bronze Age. The current paper is devoted to description of some newly discovered cranial injuries from Pepkino mass grave (Abashevo archaeological culture, the Middle Volga area) with use of microtomography. Our data help to evaluate some consequences of battle axes use and evaluate its type. 3D reconstructions of some non exit wounds caused by axes allow estimate form of striking edge, which seems to be diagnostic. At the same time we experimented using the battle axe of the Abashevo type. Impressions of the strikes made at different angles were obtained on the plastic. After microCT were made scanning 3D virtual images of the weapon striking edge and the skull traumas were compared. The main conclusion of the analysis is that the Pepkino males were killed by Abashevo battle axes. This implies a possible conflict within the population group of this archaeological culture.
ЕЩЕ РАЗ О СТРАТИГРАФИИ ЯМНЫХ И КАТАКОМБНЫХ ЗАХОРОНЕНИЙ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО ПРИЧЕРНОМОРЬЯ
Authors: Е.В. Яровой 
Published: November 2021

В настоящее время территория Северо-Западного Причерноморья рассматривается как составная часть катакомбной культурно-исторической области. Первые же находки показали, что позднеямные и катакомбные племена сосуществовали в течение определенного времени. Тем не менее стратиграфически ямные погребения всегда предшествуют катакомбным. Подобная ситуация объясняется различными причинами: кастовой системой общества, распределением погребального пространства и планиграфией впускных погребений в кургане. Однако наиболее вероятной причиной линейной стратиграфии представляется вытеснение пришельцами местного ямного населения из некоторых районов СЗП и их совместное чересполосное проживание с катакомбными племенами.
Currently the Northwestern Pontic region is thought to have been an integral part of the Catacomb culture area. However, the first finds demonstrated that the Late Yamnaya (Pit-grave) and Catacomb populations had co-existed for some time. Nonetheless, stratigraphically, the Pit-grave burials always precede the Catacomb burials. There are various reasons that explain this situation such as a caste system of society, allocation of the burial space and the spatial structuring of dug-in graves in the kurgan. However, the most likely reason of linear stratigraphy is that the local Yamnaya population was ousted from some areas of the northwestern Black Sea region by the newcomers and that the Late Yamnaya and Catacomb populations lived side by side.
KINETIC PARAMETERS OF THE LIQID-PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS IN THE PRESENCE OF Ru-CONTAINING CATALYSTS
Authors: Маркова Мария Евгеньевна , Степачёва Антонина Анатольевна , Сульман Михаил Геннадьевич , Матвеева Валентина Геннадьевна 
Published: November 2021

Синтез Фишера-Тропша все больше привлекает внимание ученых, так как позволяет получать широкий спектр продуктов, на выход и молекулярно-массовое распределение которых оказывает влияние как катализатор, так и условия проведения процесса. В данной работе было изучено влияние на скорость и выход целевых продуктов - жидких углеводородов таких параметров процесса, как температура, состав синтез-газа, нагрузка на катализатор. На основании полученных зависимостей были найдены основные макрокинетические параметры - энергия активации и порядок реакции синтеза Фишера-Тропша.
The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is increasingly attracting the attention of scientists, since it allows a wide range of products to be obtained. The yield and molecular mass distribution of the products strongly depend on both the catalyst and the process conditions. In this work, the influence of such parameters as temperature, synthesis gas composition, the catalyst loading on the process rate and yield of the target products was studied. Based on the obtained dependencies, the main macrokinetic parameters were found -the activation energy and the reaction order of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.