bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergetic influence of urea addition on performance and emissions of hydrogen–diesel dual fuel engine
Authors: Gad M. S. , Elsakhawy Tamer , Baz Faisal B. , El-Fakharany Magda K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn important measure that shows the total amount of greenhouse gases released into the environment is the carbon footprint by using fossil fuels. Sustainable alternatives are seen as an effective step in both preventing the depletion of fossil fuels and combating climate change. To overcome these negative consequences, the use of area with hydrogen is becoming increasingly popular among fuel researchers. However, the application of hydrogen as a fuel can potentially increase NOx emissions. For this reason, water–urea solution of 5% by volume was added to diesel–hydrogen dual fuel engine. Subsequently, the intake manifold was supplied with 1 LPM of hydrogen. Different engine loads were evaluated, while diesel engine was operated at 1500 rpm rated speed. As a result, the addition of 5% urea and 1 LPM of hydrogen to diesel led to a decrease in BSFC by 23% and an improvement in thermal efficiency by 25% compared to diesel fuel. Blend of diesel oil with urea and hydrogen decreased EGT by 2% lower than diesel oil. NOx, CO, HC and CO2 concentrations were decreased by 5, 61, 13 and 53%, respectively, when diesel was mixed with urea and hydrogen about diesel oil. Engine performance may be improved, and exhaust pollutants can be reduced by utilizing diesel oil combined with hydrogen and urea as an alternative fuel.
Deep deterministic policy gradients with a self-adaptive reward mechanism for image retrieval
Authors: Ahmad Farooq , Zhang Xinfeng , Tang Zifang , Sabah Fahad , Azam Muhammad , Sarwar Raheem 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTraditional image retrieval methods often face challenges in adapting to varying user preferences and dynamic datasets. To address these limitations, this research introduces a novel image retrieval framework utilizing deep deterministic policy gradients (DDPG) augmented with a self-adaptive reward mechanism (SARM). The DDPG-SARM framework dynamically adjusts rewards based on user feedback and retrieval context, enhancing the learning efficiency and retrieval accuracy of the agent. Key innovations include dynamic reward adjustment based on user feedback, context-aware reward structuring that considers the specific characteristics of each retrieval task, and an adaptive learning rate strategy to ensure robust and efficient model convergence. Extensive experimentation with the three distinct datasets demonstrates that the proposed framework significantly outperforms traditional methods, achieving the highest retrieval accuracy having 3.38%, 5.26%, and 0.21% improvement overall as compared to the mainstream models over DermaMNIST, PneumoniaMNIST, and OrganMNIST datasets, respectively. The findings contribute to the advancement of reinforcement learning applications in image retrieval, providing a user-centric solution adaptable to various dynamic environments. The proposed method also offers a promising direction for future developments in intelligent image retrieval systems.
Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Ringer’s Solution Combined with Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on the Internal Environment of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized 2 × 2 Factorial Design Pilot
Authors: Jiang Xinyue , Wang Rui , Guo Lan , Shan Zhengru , Wang Zhiping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the influence of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution (BRS) combined with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the internal environment in patients who have undergone laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

Methods
A total of 128 patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomly divided into the control group (group C), the PEEP group (group P), the BRS group (group B), and the BRS combined with the PEEP group (group BP). The results of arterial blood gas analysis, including pH value, base excess (BE), concentrations of electrolyte, and lactate (Lac) were documented before intravenous infusion (T0) and 5 min after the surgery (T1). Additional metrics included tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and were quantified before intravenous infusion and at 30 min post-surgery. The quality of recovery-15 questionnaire (QoR-15) scores were documented preoperatively (D0) and on the first (D1) and third (D3) days, postoperatively.

Results
There was no significant interaction effect between the two factors of BRS and PEEP (p = 0.659). After the infusion of BRS, the pH level increased significantly at T2 (p < 0.05). Using PEEP during operation can increase PaO2 in patients with obesity (p < 0.05). The level of pH value is increased, and the concentrations of inflammatory factors are reduced due to the combination of BRS and PEEP (p < 0.05). Compared with group C, group BP exhibited an augmentation in QoR-15 (p < 0.05), and the recovery time of group BP was significantly shortened (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
BRS combined with PEEP has been demonstrated to improve acid–base balance, reduce the inflammatory response, shorten the recovery time, and substantially enhance the quality of early postoperative recovery.
Breaking Solvation Dominance Effect Enabled by Ion–Dipole Interaction Toward Long-Spanlife Silicon Oxide Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Dong Shengwei , Shi Lingfeng , Geng Shenglu , Ning Yanbin , Kang Cong , Zhang Yan , Liu Ziwei , Zhu Jiaming , Qiang Zhuomin , Zhou Lin , Yin Geping , Li Dalong , Mu Tiansheng , Lou Shuaifeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicrometer-sized silicon oxide (SiO) anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process. Herein, an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO anodes. Density functional theory calculations validate a robust ion–dipole interaction between lithium ions (Li+) and succinonitrile (SN). The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) optimizes the Li+ solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating ability. Molecular dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion–dipole and cation–anion interaction. The unique Li+ solvation structure, enriched with FEC and TFSI−, facilitates the formation of an inorganic–organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anodes. Micro-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume expansion. As a result, the SiO|LiCoO2 full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based electrolytes. This work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte.
Antibacterial, antibiofilm efficacy and molecular docking approach of Sida acuta Burm. f.: a compendious analysis of GC MS profiling, and pharmacokinetics perusal
Authors: Balaji Vaidagi , Mahalingam Gayathri 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSida acuta Burm. f. has been explored for its antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, not much has been studied regarding the pharmacokinetics, antibiofilm, and molecular docking properties of the Sida acuta leaves against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate in- vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Sida acuta ethanolic leaves extract (SAE) against S. aureus and its pharmacokinetics studies by in silico approach. The crude was extracted by soxhlet extraction using the leaves of Sida acuta. The antibiofilm activity was determined by Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Assay (MBIC), Congo red assay and microscopic analysis. The morphological changes and biofilm inhibition of S. aureus were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Molecular docking and pharmacokinetics studies were performed for phytocompounds which are further identified by GC–MS. The MBIC was found to be 300 µg/ml where 87% of S. aureus biofilm inhibition was observed. Studies using a light microscope and SEM analysis confirmed the decrease in biofilm development along a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, the results of the Congo red test (CRA) showed that SAE inhibited the production of slime layer by lowering intracellular adhesion. Eighteen phytochemical compounds in the SAE were identified. Molecular docking studies revealed a highest binding affinity value of − 7.2 kcal/mol for campesterol. The ADME (Absorption, Distribution, metabolism and excretion) profiling for identified phytocompounds exhibit promising pharmacokinetic properties, which makes them possible candidate for therapeutic drug development. These results demonstrate the SAE's potential antibiofilm activity against S. aureus biofilm.
NONRELATIVISTIC LIMIT FOR THE TRAVELLING WAVES OF THE PSEUDORELATIVISTIC HARTREE EQUATION
Authors: CHEN YUANHUI , WANG QINGXUAN 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We consider the pseudorelativistic Hartree equation

$$ \begin{align*} i\partial_t\psi=(\sqrt{-c^2\Delta +m^2c^4}-mc^2)\psi-(|x|^{-1}*|\psi|^2)\psi\quad \text{with } (t,x)\in\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}^3, \end{align*} $$

which describes the dynamics of pseudorelativistic boson stars in the mean-field limit. We study the travelling waves of the form

$\psi (t,x)=e^{it\mu }\varphi _{c}(x-vt)$

, where

$v\in \mathbb {R}^3$

denotes the travelling velocity. We prove that

$\varphi _{c}$

converges strongly to the minimiser

$\varphi _{\infty }$

of the limit energy

$E_{\infty }(N)$

in

$H^1(\mathbb {R}^3)$

as the light speed

$c\to \infty $

, where

$E_{\infty }(N)$

is the corresponding energy for the limit equation

$$ \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{2m}\Delta\varphi_{\infty}+i(v\cdot\nabla)\varphi_{\infty}-({|x|^{-1}}*|\varphi_{\infty}|^2)\varphi_{\infty}=-\lambda\varphi_{\infty}. \end{align*} $$

Since the operator

$-\Delta $

is the classical kinetic operator, we call this the nonrelativistic limit. We prove the existence of the minimiser for the limit energy

$E_{\infty }(N)$

by using concentration-compactness arguments.
Impact of wheat-Agropyron germplasm on the improvement of grain weight and size: a comprehensive QTL analysis
Authors: Wang Jiansheng , Cheng Shiping , Wang Erwei , Ma Aichu , Hou Guiling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGrain weight and size significantly influence wheat yield and quality. This study aimed to dissect the genetic basis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain weight and size in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using the novel wheat-Agropyron germplasm Pubing3228. A population of 210 F8 recombinant inbred lines derived from Pubing3228 and Jing4839 was evaluated across multiple environments for grain length, width, thickness and thousand-grain weight (TGW). Genotyping was conducted using the Illumina Infinium iSelect 55 K SNP chip, followed by QTL mapping with QTL IciMapping software. A total of 114 QTLs were identified across 20 wheat chromosomes, highlighting major QTLs for grain length, width/thickness and TGW. Candidate gene analysis revealed 22 genes expressed in grains, including those specifically associated with TGW, grain width/thickness and grain length. These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying wheat grain traits, providing insights for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programmes.
A new workspace estimation method for heavy-load parallel kinematic machine considering mechanism deformation and motor loading performance
Authors: Zheng Fangyan , Liu Jingyu , Han Xinghui , Hua Lin , Xin Shuai , Zhuang Wuhao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The estimation of workspace for parallel kinematic machines (PKMs) typically relies on geometric considerations, which is suitable for PKMs operating under light load conditions. However, when subjected to heavy load, PKMs may experience significant deformation in certain postures, potentially compromising their stiffness. Additionally, heavy load conditions can impact motor loading performance, leading to inadequate motor loading in specific postures. Consequently, in addition to geometric constraints, the workspace of PKMs under heavy load is also constrained by mechanism deformation and motor loading performance.
This paper aims at developing a new heavy load 6-PSS PKM for multi-degree of freedom forming process. Additionally, it proposes a new method for estimating the workspace, which takes into account both mechanism deformation and motor loading performance. Initially, the geometric workspace of the machine is predicted based on its geometric configuration. Subsequently, the workspace is predicted while considering the effects of mechanism deformation and motor loading performance separately. Finally, the workspace is synthesized by simultaneously accounting for both mechanism deformation and motor loading performance, and a new index of workspace utilization rate is proposed. The results indicate that the synthesized workspace of the machine diminishes as the load magnitude and load arm increase. Specifically, under a heavy load magnitude of 6000 kN and a load arm of 200 mm, the utilization rate of the synthesized workspace is only 9.9% of the geometric workspace.
Practical Strategies to Optimize Cognitive-Communication Intervention in Complex Real-World Conditions: A Life Integration Approach
Authors: MacDonald Sheila 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Cognitive-communication intervention (CCI) service gaps compromise quality of life for individuals with acquired brain injuries. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) must examine barriers to care and develop solutions to address current problems in awareness of cognitive-communication disorders, understanding of SLP services, access and referral mechanisms, and care pathways. They must also adapt CCI to the complexities and constraints of daily life. In this article, we explore actions that clinical SLPs can take to overcome service barriers and advocate for fair, timely, and evidence-based CCI.

Method:
This clinical focus article examines barriers to CCI and provides a set of tools and strategies SLPs can employ to address them. These strategies are organized into a framework called the Life Integration Approach (LIA), which has 10 elements to guide clinical service planning: (a) evidence application, (b) communication education and assertiveness, (c) access and referral, (d) assessment, (e) therapeutic engagement, (f) cognitive-communication goal setting, (g) instructional practices, (h) life integration, (i) communication partner collaboration, and (j) resource allocation. Resources are provided to demonstrate how the LIA can integrate advocacy with clinical service while adapting to complex conditions of life, competing priorities, and service constraints.

Results and Conclusion:
Although barriers to provision of quality SLP CCI may seem formidable, there are practical actions SLPs can take to advocate for and adapt CCI services to life demands for individuals living with the devastating effects of brain injury.
Characterizing Pediatric ECMO Outcomes and Access: A State-Wide Analysis in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Moynihan Katie M. , Schneuer Francisco J. , Festa Marino , Basu Shreerupa , Singhal Nitesh , Liava'a Matthew , Ravindranathan Hari , Nassar Natasha 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study examines impacts of social determinants of health (SDoH) on pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (1) outcomes and (2) utilization. This is a state-wide retrospective study of children (≤15 years) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia (2002–2020). ECMO-supported patients were identified from NSW Admitted Patient Data Collection, with diagnoses defined using International Classification of Diseases version 10-Australian Modification codes. SDoH included socio-economic indexes for area index of social disadvantage (quintiles), residence (metropolitan-Sydney vs. regional/remote), and insurance. Survival analyses assessed associations with SDoH and clinical characteristics, with multivariable analyses restricted to cardiac patients. For utilization analyses, children with equivalent diagnoses and no comorbid contraindications who died without ECMO comprised the comparative cohort. Of 267 ECMO runs, (238 in 229 NSW residents) its use increased over time. Cardiac indications predominated (84%) with 43% in neonates and 19% in unplanned admissions. Overall, 96% were Australian-born and 76% from metropolitan-Sydney. For outcomes, 36% of deaths occurred in-hospital, with 58% of patients alive at study conclusion (median follow-up: 1.3 [interquartile range: 0–6.2] years). Higher mortality was observed in the neonatal age group, and diaphragmatic hernia diagnoses, while respiratory failure was associated with lower mortality (log-rank p < 0.05). There was no association between mortality in children supported on ECMO and SDoH (p > 0.05). Considering utilization, patients who died without ECMO were more likely to live in regional/remote/under-resourced areas and have public insurance versus ECMO-supported children. Population-standardized ECMO rates were similar by SDoH. We identified disparate ECMO utilization but equivalent outcomes according to SDoH. Data support ongoing commitment to developing approaches that promote equitable access to life-saving therapies across demographic and geographic barriers.
The role and potential of digital breast tomosynthesis in neoadjuvant systemic therapy evaluation for optimising breast cancer management: a pictorial essay
Authors: Mariano Luciano , Nicosia Luca , Latronico Antuono , Bozzini Anna Carla , Dominelli Valeria , Pupo Davide , Pesapane Filippo , Pizzamiglio Maria , Cassano Enrico 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy (NT) has become the gold standard for treating locally advanced breast cancer (BC). The assessment of pathological response (pR) post-NT plays a crucial role in predicting long-term survival, with contrast-enhanced MRI currently recognised as the preferred imaging modality for its evaluation. Traditional imaging techniques, such as digital mammography (DM) and ultrasonography (US), encounter difficulties in post-NT assessments due to breast density, lesion changes, fibrosis, and molecular patterns. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) offers solutions to prevalent challenges in DM, such as tissue overlap, and facilitates a comprehensive assessment of lesion morphology, dimensions, and margins. Studies suggest that DBT correlates more accurately with pathology than DM and US, showcasing its potential advantages. This pictorial essay demonstrates the potential of DBT as a complementary tool to DM for assessing pR after NT, including instances of true- and false-positive assessments correlated with histopathological findings. In conclusion, DBT emerges as a valuable adjunct to DM, effectively addressing its limitations in post-NT assessment. The technology's potential to diminish tissue overlap, improve discrimination, and provide multi-dimensional perspectives demonstrates promising results, indicating its utility in scenarios where MRI is contraindicated or inaccessible.
Single-stage surgical repair of a pre-coarctation aortic arch aneurysm and arteria lusoria
Authors: Kanj Mouhammad , Mansour Ziad , Farhat Fadi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Managing an adult patient with aortic coarctation and associated anomalies presents a significant surgical challenge. We present a case of an adult male with aortic coarctation, pre-coarctation distal arch 7-cm aneurysm involving the origin of the left subclavian artery, and aberrant (lusoria) right subclavian artery. He was managed with one surgical approach, consisting of right carotid-subclavian bypass, exclusion of the right subclavian artery, proximal descending aortic replacement and reinsertion of left subclavian artery, using partial cardiopulmonary bypass.
Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Drain Placement for Postsurgical Breast Region Fluid Collections
Authors: Herwald Sanna E , Zhou Wenhui , Ikeda Debra , Vezeridis Alexander 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to describe the safety and efficacy of percutaneous drain placement for postoperative fluid collections in the breast.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted of the patient characteristics, intervention data, and clinical outcomes of the 43 adult patients who underwent percutaneous drain placement for fluid collections at a tertiary care hospital over a 13-year period ending February 28, 2023.

Results
Most fluid collections treated with percutaneous drain placement were secondary to ipsilateral breast surgery (92%, 44/48), most commonly breast reduction (23%, 10/44) and mastectomy with immediate tissue expander reconstruction (16%, 7/44). Additional patients had fluid collections without prior ipsilateral breast surgery (8%, 4/48) and were excluded from further analysis. The fluid cultures from 39% of the cultured postsurgical fluid collections were positive (16/41), and Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly cultured organism (15%, 6/41). The only immediate complication was the rupture of a tissue expander during drain placement in 1 patient. The median duration of percutaneous drainage for postsurgical fluid collections was 12 days (range: 1 to 49 days). Percutaneous drain placement achieved clinical success without any subsequent treatments in 73% (32/44) of patients. An additional 7% (3/44) of patients required subsequent image-guided aspiration procedures and/or percutaneous drain placements but avoided surgical treatment for a persistent fluid collection.

Conclusion
Postsurgical fluid collections after diverse breast surgeries represented the vast majority of the fluid collections referred to our academic practice for percutaneous drain placement. Percutaneous drain placement was a safe and effective treatment in this patient population.
CT-guided radiofrequency neurotomy (RFN) of bilateral T3–4 sympathetic chain combined with bilateral L3 sympathetic ganglion in patient with palmar hyperhidrosis
Authors: Lai Shangdao , Yuan Tao , Huang Bing , Liu Jiongfeng , Chen Yanzhong , Huang Zhiqiang , Liu Yuquan , Lai Feiran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis is a functional disease with an unknown pathogenesis, making it challenging to find a lasting and effective treatment. This article reports a case of a 43-year-old patient with palmoplantar hyperhidrosis treated with computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency neurotomy (RFN) of bilateral T3–4 sympathetic chain combined with bilateral L3 sympathetic ganglion. The optimal puncture level and skin entry point were selected, and measurements were taken using a CT tool to determine needle depth, angle, and distance from the midline. A sympathetic needle was inserted through the T4 intercostal space to the outer side of the T4 rib head. The needle position was adjusted to achieve a tissue resistance, confirmed through sensory, motor stimulation, and three-dimensional reconstruction. RFN was performed, and this process was repeated for 1–2 cycles. Subsequently, a similar procedure was performed at the L3 sympathetic ganglion under CT guidance, resulting in improved sweating symptoms in the patient’s hands and feet.