bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between depressive symptoms and suicidal risk: Based on self‐reported and clinical‐interview measurements from a network perspective
Authors: Shen Jian‐fei , Yin Xun‐bao , Wang Shuai , Jiang Neng‐zhi , Sun Hong‐wei , Wang Yi , Wang Yan‐yu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSuicide is commonly found in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), while the associations among depressive symptoms and their relationships with suicidal risk remain unclear. This study identified the symptoms associated with suicidal risk and the most central symptoms in the MDD networks based on both self‐reported and clinical‐interview scales. A total of 446 outpatients with MDD were recruited. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess the suicidal risk. The 13‐item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI‐13) and 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD‐17) were used to measure the depressive symptoms. Network analysis was used to estimate the network models. Ten symptoms in the BDI‐13 network were related to suicidal risk, among which sadness had the strongest association. Among the six symptoms in the HAMD‐17 network that were associated with suicidal risk, guilty feeling was the strongest. Sense of failure was the most central symptom in the BDI‐13 network, while depressed mood had the highest centrality in the HAMD‐17 network. The depressive symptoms related to suicide risk and the clinical features of MDD showed different characteristics based on different assessment types. Combining self‐reported and clinician‐rated assessments in future studies and clinical practice might lead to some new findings.
Anxiety and stress in women with suspected endometrial cancer: Survey and paired observational study
Authors: Marcus Diana , King Alex , Yazbek Joseph , Hughes Cathy , Ghaem‐Maghami Sadaf 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the anxiety and stress levels of women with suspected endometrial cancer and factors affecting this.MethodsProspective survey and paired observational study of consecutive women with suspected endometrial cancer in a rapid access gynaecology clinic. Structured questionnaire including a GAD‐7 anxiety test and a modified stress thermometer were used. Patients ranked their perception of a cancer diagnosis on 0‐5 Likert scale (0 = confident not cancer and 5 = cancer). Patients requiring an endometrial tissue biopsy were asked to rank their pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS), this was paired with the survey results.Results250 patients completed the study and 23 of which underwent an endometrial tissue biopsy. The median age was 50‐59 years old and 59% of women spoke English as their first language. 32% of patients had significant levels of anxiety with GAD‐7 score ≥10. The median stress score was three out of five on Likert scale. GAD‐7 anxiety scores were higher in women who perceived that they received insufficient information prior to clinic (sufficient information 5 vs. insufficient information 9.5, P = 0.00036) or had a disability (disability 9 vs. no disability 5.5, P = 0.00374). The median VAS score from the biopsies was seven out of 10 (range 1‐10). Patients with higher anxiety levels (GAD‐7 scores) were more likely to believe they had cancer P <0.00001.ConclusionsThese findings confirm high levels of anxiety and stress in women with suspected endometrial cancer. Adequate pre‐clinic information is essential, particularly for minority groups.
Quality of life, anxiety and depression patient‐reported outcome measures in testicular cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Dincer Amine Nur , Brunckhorst Oliver , Genel Oktay , Dasgupta Prokar , Muneer Asif , Ahmed Kamran 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesSeveral patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are available for the assessment of quality of life (QoL), anxiety and depression for testicular cancer (TCa); however, these PROMs have uncertain validation of their psychometric properties for TCa‐only cohorts. This systematic review aims to critically analyse and evaluate the psychometric properties of these QoL, anxiety and depression PROMs.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE and PsycInfo were searched by two independent reviewers from inception to August 2020. Evaluative studies that assessed measurement properties of PROM(s) tools used for measuring QoL, anxiety and depression in TCa patients were included. The COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) updated criteria for good measurement properties were used in the evaluation of PROM psychometric quality. This systematic review was registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42020160232).ResultsOf 4,305 abstracts screened, a final eight full‐text articles were included in this review. Five general and two TCa‐specific PROMs were identified (depression, n = 1; anxiety and depression, n = 2; QoL, n = 4). All studies were incomplete in the validation of nine measurement properties and the modal methodological quality was ‘indeterminate’. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality ‐Testicular Cancer 26 questionnaire and CAYA‐T had the highest psychometric validation with three out of nine measurement properties being ‘sufficient’.ConclusionThis systematic review identifies a paucity of PROM‐validation studies assessing anxiety, depression and QoL in TCa‐only cohorts. We recommend further comprehensive and standardised psychometric validation studies of QoL, anxiety and depression PROMs in TCa‐only study populations.
Mechanically stable with highly absorptive formamidinium lead halide perovskites [(HC(NH2)2PbX3; X = Br, Cl]: Recent advances and perspectives
Authors: Pachori Sanjay , Agarwal Rohit , Shukla Akash , Rani Upasana , Verma Ajay Singh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFull potential‐linear augmented plane wave method with two exchange‐correlation potentials Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof‐generalized gradient approximation and Becke–Johnson have been used to investigate structural, electronic, optical, transport and mechanical anisotropy of formamidinium lead halides (FAPbX3; X = Br, Cl). This computational exploration shows that these materials have a direct band gap, high absorption coefficients and the stability of the compound has been tested using the enthalpy of formation, and elastic stability criteria of the elastic constants. The persistent hybridization ofsstates of Pb andpstates of Br/Cl in valence band contribute significantly in the structural stability. The calculated band gap is 2.26/2.84 eV for FAPbBr3/FAPbCl3and are in concurrence with the experimental and other theoretical studies. As higher absorption promotes higher emissions, optical properties with the peaks of dielectric function spectra with high energy region, and higher absorption peaks show the significant future for these materials to be used in color light‐emitting diode. Parameters of elastic properties like Bulk modulus, Young's modulus, Pugh's ratio and Poisson's ratio show that these have ductile nature and may be deposited as thin films, which is a significant feature in photovoltaic applications. Moreover, electronic transport properties have been calculated within the constant relaxation time approximation. This provided following observations: (a) Seebeck coefficient are noted to decrease with increasing temperature, (b) electrical conductivity are nearly constant within the whole temperature range, (c) thermal conductivity increased with increasing temperature, and (d) power factor and figure of merits are increasing with increasing temperature, and at a given electron and hole concentration (1018–1019 cm−3). The figure of merit signifies that these materials may also be used as thermoelectric devices. These computational observations hereby are of paramount importance for future integrated applications.
New partition based measures for data compatibility and information gain
Authors: Shi Daoyuan , Chen Ming‐Hui , Kuo Lynn , O. Lewis Paul 
Published: April 2021

It is of great practical importance to compare and combine data from different studies in order to carry out appropriate and more powerful statistical inference. We propose a partition based measure to quantify the compatibility of two datasets using their respective posterior distributions. We further propose an information gain measure to quantify the information increase (or decrease) in combining two datasets. These measures are well calibrated and efficient computational algorithms are provided for their calculations. We use examples in a benchmark dose toxicology study, a six cities pollution data and a melanoma clinical trial to illustrate how these two measures are useful in combining current data with historical data and missing data.
Evaluation of mechanical and microstructure properties of engineered cementitious composites made of zeolite
Authors: Razavi Seyed Mohammadhossein , Nazarpour Hadi , Hosseinali Beygi Morteza 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEngineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a type of cementitious product with high tensile strength and ductility. It exhibits high strain and multiple cracking behavior instead of deep and wide cracks due to tensile and bending loads. In this study, the efficiency, mechanical properties of different ECC mixtures containing different contents of zeolite were investigated. The zeolite to cement ratios of 1.2, 1.6, 2, and 2.4 were considered as corresponding zeolite replacement ratios. Results showed that the compressive strength of ECC mixtures attained 35 MPa at 28 days except for the mixture with Z/C ratio of 2.4, which is higher than that of the nominal compressive strength for normal concrete (30 MPa). Higher ductility was observed in mixtures with high contents of zeolite (Z/C of 2 and 2.4). It was found that despite lower strength and elastic modulus, replacement of higher zeolite showed significantly higher performance in post‐crack hardening strain behavior ECC mixtures. The microstructure studies confirmed that the addition of zeolite resulted in having a rough fiber surfaces and the end of fibers were delaminated cut off which led to tolerating higher frictional strain.
Neutral R3PAuGe9(Hyp)3 (R=Et, nPr, iPr, nBu, tBu, Cy) (Hyp=Si(SiMe3) Clusters give new insights into the ligand strength of the metalloid [Ge9(Hyp)3]− cluster
Authors: Gienger Christian , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe present new insights into the ligand strength of the metalloid [Ge9(Hyp)3]− cluster (Hyp=Si(SiMe3)3) alongside novel neutral Ge9 clusters of the composition R3PAuGe9(Hyp)3 (R=Et, nPr, iPr, nBu, tBu, Cy). These clusters are synthesized in good yields from KGe9(Hyp)3 and R3PAuCl. Further experiments with these new clusters show that the ligand strength of [Ge9(Hyp)3]− is in between aryl and alkyl phosphines.
Positivity bounds on Minimal Flavor Violation
Authors: Bonnefoy Quentin , Gendy Emanuele , Grojean Christophe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
From general analyticity and unitarity requirements on the UV theory, positivity bounds on the Wilson coefficients of the dimension-8 operators composed of 4 fermions and two derivatives appearing in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory have been derived recently. We explore the fate of these bounds in the context of models endowed with a Minimal Flavor Violation (MFV) structure, models in which the flavor structure of higher dimensional operators is inherited from the one already contained in the Yukawa sector of the Standard Model Lagrangian. Our goal is to check whether the general positivity bounds translate onto bounds on the Yukawa coefficients and/or on elements of the CKM matrix. MFV fixes the coefficients of dimension-8 operators up to some multiplicative flavor-blind factors and we find that, in the most generic setup, the freedom left by those unspecified coefficients is enough as not to constrain the parameters of the renormalizable Yukawa sector. On the contrary, the latter shape the allowed region for the former. Requiring said overall coefficients to take natural $$ \mathcal{O}(1) $$
O

1

values could give rise to bounds on the Yukawa couplings. Remarkably, at leading order in an expansion in powers of the Yukawa matrices, no bounds on the CKM entries can be retrieved.
Dark photon search at Yemilab, Korea
Authors: Seo S. H. , Kim Y. D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDark photons are well motivated hypothetical dark sector particles that could account for observations that cannot be explained by the standard model of particle physics. A search for dark photons that are produced by an electron beam striking a thick tungsten target and subsequently interact in a 3 kiloton-scale neutrino detector in Yemilab, a new underground lab in Korea, is proposed. Dark photons can be produced by “darkstrahlung” or by oscillations from ordinary photons produced in the target and detected by their visible decays, “absorption” or by their oscillation to ordinary photons. By detecting the absorption process or the oscillation-produced photons, a world’s best sensitivity for measurements of the dark-photon kinetic mixing parameter ofϵ2>1.5×10−13(6.1×10−13) at the 95% confidence level (C.L.) could be obtained for dark photon masses between 80 eV and 1 MeV in a year-long exposure to a 100 MeV–100 kW electron beam with zero (103) background events. In parallel, the detection ofe+e−pairs from decays of dark photons with mass between 1 MeV and ∼86 MeV would have sensitivities ofϵ2>$$ \mathcal{O}\left({10}^{-17}\right)\left(\mathcal{O}\left({10}^{-16}\right)\right) $$O10−17O10−16at the 95% C.L. with zero (103) background events. This is comparable to that of the Super-K experiment under the same zero background assumption.
Chaos and complexity from quantum neural network. A study with diffusion metric in machine learning
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan , Dutta Ankan , Ray Debisree 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, our prime objective is to study the phenomena of quantum chaos and complexity in the machine learning dynamics of Quantum Neural Network (QNN). A Parameterized Quantum Circuits (PQCs) in the hybrid quantum-classical framework is introduced as a universal function approximator to perform optimization with Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). We employ a statistical and differential geometric approach to study the learning theory of QNN. The evolution of parametrized unitary operators is correlated with the trajectory of parameters in the Diffusion metric. We establish the parametrized version of Quantum Complexity and Quantum Chaos in terms of physically relevant quantities, which are not only essential in determining the stability, but also essential in providing a very significant lower bound to the generalization capability of QNN. We explicitly prove that when the system executes limit cycles or oscillations in the phase space, the generalization capability of QNN is maximized. Finally, we have determined the generalization capability bound on the variance of parameters of the QNN in a steady state condition using Cauchy Schwartz Inequality.
Resurrecting $$ b\overline{b}h $$ with kinematic shapes
Authors: Grojean Christophe , Paul Ayan , Qian Zhuoni 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The associated production of a $$ b\overline{b} $$
b

b
¯

pair with a Higgs boson could provide an important probe to both the size and the phase of the bottom-quark Yukawa coupling, yb. However, the signal is shrouded by several background processes including the irreducible Zh, Z →$$ b\overline{b} $$
b

b
¯

background. We show that the analysis of kinematic shapes provides us with a concrete prescription for separating the yb-sensitive production modes from both the irreducible and the QCD-QED backgrounds using the $$ b\overline{b}\gamma \gamma $$
b

b
¯

γγ
final state. We draw a page from game theory and use Shapley values to make Boosted Decision Trees interpretable in terms of kinematic measurables and provide physics insights into the variances in the kinematic shapes of the different channels that help us complete this feat. Adding interpretability to the machine learning algorithm opens up the black-box and allows us to cherry-pick only those kinematic variables that matter most in the analysis. We resurrect the hope of constraining the size and, possibly, the phase of yb using kinematic shape studies of $$ b\overline{b}h $$
b

b
¯

h
production with the full HL-LHC data and at FCC-hh.
Superconformal geometries and local twistors
Authors: Howe P. S. , Lindström U. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Superconformal geometries in spacetime dimensions D = 3, 4, 5 and 6 are discussed in terms of local supertwistor bundles over standard superspace. These natually admit superconformal connections as matrix-valued one-forms. In order to make contact with the standard superspace formalism it is shown that one can always choose gauges in which the scale parts of the connection and curvature vanish, in which case the conformal and S-supersymmetry transformations become subsumed into super-Weyl transformations. The number of component fields can be reduced to those of the minimal off-shell conformal supergravity multiplets by imposing constraints which in most cases simply consists of taking the even covariant torsion two-form to vanish. This must be supplemented by further dimension-one constraints for the maximal cases in D = 3, 4. The subject is also discussed from a minimal point of view in which only the dimension-zero torsion is introduced. Finally, we introduce a new class of supermanifolds, local super Grassmannians, which provide an alternative setting for superconformal theories.
Unitarity in KK-graviton production, a case study in warped extra-dimensions
Authors: de Giorgi A. , Vogl S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposition of higher-dimensional gravity gives rise to a tower of KK-gravitons in the effective four-dimensional (4D) theory. Such massive spin-2 fields are known to be connected with unitarity issues and easily lead to a breakdown of the effective theory well below the naive scale of the interaction. However, the breakdown of the effective 4D theory is expected to be controlled by the parameters of the 5D theory. Working in a simplified Randall-Sundrum model we study the matrix elements for matter annihilations into massive gravitons. We find that truncating the KK-tower leads to an early breakdown of perturbative unitarity. However, by considering the full tower we obtain a set of sum rules for the couplings between the different KK-fields that restore unitarity up to the scale of the 5D theory. We prove analytically that these are fulfilled in the model under consideration and present numerical tests of their convergence. This work complements earlier studies that focused on graviton self-interactions and yields additional sum rules that are required if matter fields are incorporated into warped extra-dimensions.
Long-lived dark Higgs and inelastic dark matter at Belle II
Authors: Duerr Michael , Ferber Torben , Garcia-Cely Camilo , Hearty Christopher , Schmidt-Hoberg Kai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Inelastic dark matter is an interesting scenario for light thermal dark matter which is fully consistent with all cosmological probes as well as direct and indirect dark matter detection. The required mass splitting between dark matter χ1 and its heavier twin χ2 is naturally induced by a dark Higgs field which also provides a simple mechanism to give mass to the dark photon A′ present in the setup. The corresponding dark Higgs boson h′ is naturally the lightest dark sector state and therefore decays into Standard Model particles via Higgs mixing. In this work we study signatures with displaced vertices and missing momentum at Belle II, arising from dark Higgs particles produced in association with dark matter. We find that Belle II can be very sensitive to this scenario, in particular if a displaced vertex trigger is available in the near future.
Experimental desiccation indicates high moisture content maintains hyporheic biofilm processes during drought in temperate intermittent streams
Authors: Coulson Laura E. , Schelker Jakob , Attermeyer Katrin , Griebler Christian , Hein Thomas , Weigelhofer Gabriele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDroughts are expected to become more common with climate change resulting in more frequent occurrences of flow intermittency in temperate streams. As intermittency has deleterious effects on fluvial microbial biofilms, there is a need to better understand how droughts affect the microbial functioning and thereby nutrient and organic matter processing in temperate stream ecosystems. Here, the hyporheic zone is of particular importance as it has been shown to be a hot spot for biogeochemical activity under flow intermittence. This study evaluates how drought duration affects microbial biofilm dynamics in the hyporheic zone of intermittent temperate streams. To do so, we used outdoor hyporheic flumes that were subject to periods of drought ranging from 4 to 105 days. Sediment was sampled before and during the drought, and at several occasions after rewetting. Samples were analyzed for extracellular enzymatic activity, bacterial respiration, and bacterial abundances including live to dead cell ratios. The high moisture content remaining in the hyporheic zone of the flumes allowed for the sustained microbial functioning during drought, regardless of drought duration. This can be attributed to cooler temperatures in these climate zones and shading by riparian forests. The high moisture content inhibited the local habitat and community changes that the biofilm might have undergone during more severe desiccation. However, the change in the hyporheic flow regime (flow cessation and resumption) may stimulate microbial processing in these moderate drought conditions. We suggest that the hyporheic zone may act as a buffer against drought and the factors determining this buffer capacity, such as sediment characteristics and climatic regions, need to be analyzed in more detail in future.
Fractional $$({\varvec{s}},{\varvec{p}})$$-Robin–Venttsel’ problems on extension domains
Authors: Creo Simone , Lancia Maria Rosaria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe study a nonlocal Robin–Venttsel’-type problem for the regional fractionalp-Laplacian in an extension domain$$\Omega $$Ωwith boundary ad-set. We prove existence and uniqueness of a strong solution via a semigroup approach. Markovianity and ultracontractivity properties are proved. We then consider the elliptic problem. We prove existence, uniqueness and global boundedness of the weak solution.