bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Long Non-Coding RNA SCARNA10 Serves as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Yawei , Jiang Wenna , Wang Yu , Zhao Meng , Li Yueguo , Ren Li 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to serve as diagnostic or prognosis biomarkers for various disease. We aimed to elucidate the diagnostic efficacy of serum lncRNA SCARNA10 for the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 127 patients with HCC, 55 patients with benign liver disease (BLD), and 99 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. According to different classifications, the levels of serum SCARNA10 were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The correlations between serum SCARNA10 and clinicopathological charcaterisstics were further analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were utilized to estimate the diagnostic capacity of serum SCARNA10 and its combination with AFP for HCC. The results demonstrated that the levels of serum SCARNA10 were significantly higher in HCC patients than in patients with BLD and healthy controls, and significantly increased in HCC patients with hepatitis B or C infection, or with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, positive correlations were noted between serum SCARNA10 level and some clinicopathological characteristics, including tumor size, differentiation degrees, tumor stage, vascular invasion, tumor metastasis and complications. ROC analysis revealed that SCARNA10 had a significantly predictive value for HCC, the combination of SCARNA10 and AFP gained the higher accuracy. SCARNA10 retained significant diagnosis capabilities for AFP-negative HCC patients. In summary, lncRNA SCARNA10 may serve as a novel and non-invasive biomarker with relatively high sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis.
Investigation of Breast Cancer Microstructure and Microvasculature from Time-Dependent DWI and CEST in Correlation with Histological Biomarkers
Authors: Someya Yuko , Iima Mami , Imai Hirohiko , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Kataoka Masako , Isoda Hiroyoshi , Bihan Denis Le , Nakamoto Yuji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We investigated the associations of time-dependent DWI, non-Gaussian DWI and CEST parameters with histological biomarkers in a breast cancer xenograft model. 22 xenograft mice (7 MCF-7 and 15 MDA-MB-231) were scanned at 2 diffusion times (Td= 2.5/ 5 ms) with 11 b values (0–600 s/mm2), and 9/ 27.6 ms with 17 b values (0–3000 s/mm2). The apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC0 − 600, shifted ADC, sADC200 − 1500 and the ADC change with Td, as well as IVIM and non-Gaussian diffusion parameters were estimated. CEST images were acquired and the amide proton transfer signal intensity (APT SI) were measured. The sADC200 − 1500 change and combined ADC change (ADC0 − 600, 2.5 ms with sADC200 − 1500, 27.6 ms) was significantly larger for MCF-7 group, and the combined ADC change was positively correlated with Ki67max and APT SI. ADC0 decreased significantly in MDA-MB-231 group and K increased significantly with Td in MCF-7 group. APT SI and cellular area had a moderately strong positive correlation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 tumors combined, and there was a positive correlation in MDA-MB-231 tumors. There was a significant negative correlation between APT SI and the Ki-67-positive ratio in MDA-MB-231 tumors and when combined with MCF-7 tumors. The associations of combined ADC change and API SI with Ki-67 parameters indicate that the Td-dependent DW and CEST parameters are useful to predict the histological markers of breast cancers.
Natural Images Allow Universal Adversarial Attacks on Medical Image Classification Using Deep Neural Networks with Transfer Learning
Authors: Minagi Akinori , Hirano Hokuto , Takemoto Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Transfer learning from natural images is well used in deep neural networks (DNNs) for medical image classification to achieve computer-aided clinical diagnosis. Although the adversarial vulnerability of DNNs hinders practical applications owing to the high stakes of diagnosis, adversarial attacks are expected to be limited because training data — which are often required for adversarial attacks — are generally unavailable in terms of security and privacy preservation. Nevertheless, we hypothesized that adversarial attacks are also possible using natural images because pre-trained models do not change significantly after fine-tuning. We focused on three representative DNN-based medical image classification tasks (i.e., skin cancer, referable diabetic retinopathy, and pneumonia classifications) and investigated whether medical DNN models with transfer learning are vulnerable to universal adversarial perturbations (UAPs), generated using natural images. UAPs from natural images are useful for both non-targeted and targeted attacks. The performance of UAPs from natural images was significantly higher than that of random controls, although slightly lower than that of UAPs from training images. Vulnerability to UAPs from natural images was observed between different natural image datasets and between different model architectures. The use of transfer learning causes a security hole, which decreases the reliability and safety of computer-based disease diagnosis. Model training from random initialization (without transfer learning) reduced the performance of UAPs from natural images; however, it did not completely avoid vulnerability to UAPs. The vulnerability of UAPs from natural images will become a remarkable security threat.
Evaluation of the Predictive Power of the Health Belief Model on the Care of Kidney in Type 2 Patients With Diabetes: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: faramarzi mallihe , shamsi mohsen , khorsandi mahboobeh , almasi amir hashyani 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Kidney failure is one of the most important late complication in type 2 patients with diabetes, so more of half-people are wait to graft kidney are people that caused to diabetes. The purpose of this study, was predict to care of kidney in type 2 diabetes patients based on Health Belief Model (HBM).Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 242 patients with type 2 diabetes select with simple sampling of health centers in Arak ( a city in Iran) in 2020 and health behaviors of kidneys collected based on HBM with reliable and validity of questionaries’ and analyses by linear regression logistic.Results: The mean age of patients was 47.51 ±7.86 years. FBS average was 159.65 ± 55.01 mi/dc and average of performance of patients about care of kidney was 30/31± 6/42. Among HBM construct predicted about %38 perceived severity, %67.6 knowledge, %31.8 self-efficacy and %16.4 internal cues to action, these cases have the most power for prediction and total of construct predict health behavior of kidneys that are about %49. Conclusion: This study showed that increasing patients information in field of recognizing kidney failure, emphasis on role of cues to action and finally increasing self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes about care of kidney should be emphasis in education programs for preventing of kidney failure.
Hypoxia-induced HMMR Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: can Duan Lin , lin Jiang Xiu , Lin Tan , xiao Yuan Yi , Juan Wang , qian Liu Qian , lan Zou Xiao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHyaluronan mediated motility receptor (also known as RHAMM) is another one of few defined hyaluronan receptors, play pivotal roles in cell growth. However, the relationships between HMMR and prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear.MethodsHMMR expression was analyzed emoloyed the TIMER, GEPIA, UALCAN, CCLE databases, the prognosis of HMMR was analysis by prognoscan, KMplot and GEPIA databases. The GO and KEGG pathway was analysis by the DAVID and GSEA software. The correlation between the HMMR expression was analysis by the TIMER databases, the gene and protein networks was analysis by Genemania and STRING databases, the DNA methylation was analysis by the MethSurv and UALCAN databases, the gene mutation of HMMR was analysis by the cBioportal and COSMIC databases. The expression of HMMR was analysis by IHC and qPCR, the function of HMMR on cell proliferation and migration was examine by the cell growth curve, clone information, transwell and wound healing assay.ResultsIn this study, we find that HMMR was elevated in LUAD and it’s highly expression associated with the poor prognosis and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, the expression of HMMR was induced by hypoxia in LUAD. HMMR expression level not only positively correlation with the different immune cells, but also positively correlation with the expression of immune checkpoints related gene, for instance, CD279, CD274, CTLA4, LAG3, PDCD1LG2, TIGIT and HAVCR2. Finally, depletion of HMMR significantly represses the cell growth and migration of NSCLC. Overall, this study emphasized the significance of HMMR in cancer progression and Immune infiltration of LUAD.ConclusionsWe demonstrated HMMR was elevated in LUAD and positively relation to poor prognosis. We find the hypoxia microenvironment and DNA hypomethylation able to up-regulation of the HMMR expression. Additionally, HMMR expression was positive with the diverse immune cell and immune regulator related gene in LUAD. Finally, we found that depletion of HMMR was inhibits the cell proliferation and migration ability of NSCLC cells. These findings suggest that HMMR could be served as a biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD.
Prevalence of COVID-19 in Children Affected by Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and Asthma: Results From the Second “SIAIP Rhinosinusitis and Conjunctivitis Committee” Survey
Authors: Brindisi Giulia , Zicari Anna Maria , Parisi Giuseppe Fabio , Diaferio Lucia , Indolfi Cristina , Marchese Giuseppe , Ghiglioni Daniele Giovanni , Umano Giuseppina Rosaria , Klain Angela , Marseglia Gian Luigi , Giudice Michele Miraglia Del 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe role of allergic sensitization seems to be protective against SARS CoV2 infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using online surveys, the impact of COVID-19 on Italian allergic children, comparing the prevalence of AR and asthma symptoms between the first and second pandemic wave.MethodsBoth surveys were emailed to Italian pediatricians in April 2020 (first survey) and in March 2021 (second survey). The first one was related to the impact of COVID-19 and the most frequently reported symptoms. The second one was superimposed on the previous one, taking into account some additional aspects in the management of disease.ResultsA total of 99 pediatricians participated in the first survey and 267 in the second one. The first survey showed that, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence was mostly between 0-20% throughout the country. The second survey showed a lower prevalence of both diseases nationwide in comparison to the first one. Comparing the two surveys, statistically significant differences were reported only in the distribution of asthma prevalence in Southern Italy while no differences were highlighted in the North and in the Center. Finally regarding allergic rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence, no differences were noticed nationwide.ConclusionsAllergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma, if under control, did not represent risk factors for the susceptibility to SARS CoV2. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to continue therapies during COVID-19 outbreak, according to the international guidelines. However, being COVID-19 a new disease, actual knowledge will undergo continuous improvements over time.
Ovarian Neuroendocrine Tumors: a Single-institution Experience
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chang Shuzhen , Cai Mingbo , Feng Wenlong , Liu Liya , Han Liping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Ovarian neuroendocrine tumors (O-NETs) are uncommon malignant carcinomas with a poor prognosis. There are no standardized practice guidelines as impacted by the lack of sufficient data regarding the clinicopathologic features and management of O-NETs. This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of O-NETs.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed ten cases with ONETs admitted to the Department of Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August, 2015 to May, 2020.Results: The median age of cases at diagnosis was 38.4 years (from 20 to 58). The most common presentation was abdominal pain (4/10), followed by pelvic mass (3/10), and vaginal bleeding (1/10). Two cases had no symptoms. All cases underwent the surgery. The diagnosis was confirmed by the postoperative histopathology. Tumors expressed at least one neuroendocrine marker (e.g., CD56, chromogranin-A, synaptophysin, or neuron specific enolase). By complying with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system (2014), three cases were stage I tumors, one case was stage II tumor, and six cases were stage III tumors. Eight cases only received chemotherapy postoperatively, one was administrated with olaparib maintenance after chemotherapy, and one received the chemotherapy followed by the radiotherapy. The follow-up time for cases raged from 10 to 48 months. Two cases died of disease recurrence, while the other 8 cases were in the follow-up. Six cases experienced tumor recurrence.Conclusion: O-NETs were characterized by high malignancy, low incidence and poor prognosis. The histopathological analysis was considered the gold standard for diagnosis. Surgical resection might be the first choice of therapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy and possible radiotherapy might prolong the survival of some cases.
Outcomes of Heavily Experienced HIV-infected Patients Receiving Salvage Raltegravir-based Therapy
Authors: Escarcina Jesús Enrique Patiño , Netto Eduardo Martins , Brites Carlos 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: New antiretrovirals improved the treatment success for heavily experienced HIV-infected patients as treatment failures or resistance to ART may limit the options for further therapy. Nonetheless, construction of ‘salvage’ regimens remains a complex and challenging issue worldwide. This study assessed real-life virologic success, long-term survival and adverse events in treatment experienced patients initiating either Raltegravir or other drugs for salvage regimens.Methods: we conducted a retrospective cohort study on adults with treatment failure (HIV-1 RNA viral load [PVL] >1000 copies/mL) who started either Raltegravir or other drugs (Darunavir/Ritonavir, Maraviroc or Etravirine). Propensity score (PS) matching methods were used to account for baseline clinical differences. We used Kaplan-Meier method and Generalized Wilcoxon tests for the matched subset to evaluate probability of virologic suppression (PVL<50 copies/mL) during follow up. Comparison of Mortality rates, cases of toxicity, treatment interruption, virologic failure and loss of follow-up, were ascertained using Poisson regression.Results: 168 patients (123 on Raltegravir; 45 on other drugs). Of these, 90 patients were matched by PS, 45 patients from each group, equivalent to 98 person-years of follow-up. During follow-up, virologic suppression was similar for both regimens (77.8% vs 82.2%, p=0.73). During a mean follow-up of 1.09 (SD = 0.32) years rates of mortality (4.04 vs 6.18 persons per 100 person-years; p=0.67), drug toxicity (0.00 vs 2.06 persons per 100 person-years; p=0.49), treatment interruption (8.07 vs 0.00 persons per 100 person-years; p=0.06), virologic failure (2.02 vs 4.12 persons per 100 person-years; p=0.61) and loss of follow-up (6.05 vs 4.12 persons per 100 person-years; p=0.70) did not differ between Raltegravir and other salvage regimens recipients.Conclusion: Similar survival and virologic success rates were found for Raltegravir and other drugs for salvage regimens, with similar rates of drug toxicity, treatment interruption, virologic failure and loss of follow-up.
Prevalence of Frailty Indicators in Community-dwelling Older Adults From Northeastern Brazil, 2009-2015
Authors: Lacerda Adrianna Ribeiro , Eulálio Maria do Carmo , Júnior Edivan Gonçalves Silva , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Olinda Ricardo Alves , Costa Iris do Ceu Clara , Sousa Cláudia Santos Martiniano , Uchoa Severina Alice 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Frailty is a clinical syndrome, and its development is multifactorial and dynamic. The clinical indicators (physical measures and self-report) that characterize the syndrome tend to vary across studies. To determine the contributions of the indicators in the determination of frailty it is important to obtain data about the variations that occur among the levels of frailty. The aim of this study was to a) survey the prevalence of the frailty syndrome and of the indicators that compose the frailty phenotype in community-dwelling older adults, and b) to evaluate the contribution of each indicator in the determination frailty.METHODS: Prevalence study carried out with 163 older adults who participated in two assessments; the first one was performed in 2009 and after 70 months the second assessment was conducted. Assessment of physical measurements was performed to constitute the frailty phenotype (gait speed and handgrip strength) alongside self-report (fatigue, unintentional weight loss, and physical activity), as proposed by Fried. We used the McNemar’s test and Pearson’s chi-square to analyze the differences between means and Multinomial Logistic Regression values.RESULTS: There was an increase in the number of pre-frail older adults (from 47.85% to 65.03%) and frail ones (from 7.98% to 9.82%). The frailty indicators increased significantly (+ 8.6% for walking; + 6.8% for fatigue; + 6.8% for grip strength; + 1.2% for physical activity), except for the “weight loss” item (-3%). The indicators with the highest predictors of frailty in 2009 were fatigue (OR = 31.41; 95%CI 11.66-84-65, p<0.001) and weight loss (OR = 28.74; 95%CI 9.20-89.84, p<0.001). In the second assessment, the items that had the highest chance for developing frailty were slow gait (OR = 23.64; 95%CI 5.38-103.83, p<0.001) and muscle weakness (OR = 79.39; 95%CI 8.58-734.24, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in frail and pre-frail older adults during the two assessments and an increase in the indicators that mark the syndrome phenotype. The explanatory models of frailty changed in both assessments. The evolution of frailty signals the necessity for interventions to be carried out with older adults to delay the progress of declining faculties that threaten their health.
Physical Exertion at Work and Addictive Behaviors: Tobacco, Cannabis, Alcohol, Sugar and Fat Consumption: Longitudinal Analyses in trhe CONSTANCES Cohort
Authors: Hamieh Nadine , Descatha Alexis , Zins Marie , Goldberg Marcel , Czernichow Sébastien , Hoertel Nicolas , Plessz Marie , Roquelaure Yves , Limosin Frédéric , Lemogne Cédric , Matta Joane , Airagnes Guillaume 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We examined the prospective association of physical exertion at work with subsequent tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use, and sugar and fat consumption. Volunteers of the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort currently employed were included from 2012–2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes (n = 100,612), and from 2012–2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes (n = 75,414). High level of physical exertion at work was defined as a score ≥ 12 at the Rating Perceived Exertion Borg scale. Substance use was self-reported and diet rich in sugar and fat was obtained from principal component analysis and analyzed as quartiles. Generalized linear models computed odds of substance use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up according to baseline physical exertion at work, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms and baseline level of consumption. High physical exertion was associated with tobacco use with dose-dependent relationships. It was also associated with increased odds of cannabis use at least once per month compared to no use in the past and with increased odds of diet rich in sugar and fat. Hence, the role of physical exertion at work on tobacco and cannabis use and diet rich in sugar and fat should be tackled for information and prevention strategies.
Health Service Needs From a Household Perspective: an Empirical Study in Rural Empty Nest Households in China
Authors: Cheng Xueyan , Zhang Liang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: Household is a fundamental unit in many fields. This study was to analyse consistency degree and people’s health service needs from the perspective of household.Methods: A multi-stage random sampling was conducted. A total of 7293 individuals in 2715 households were interviewed, and 1606 individuals in 803 empty-nest households were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire was used to ask each individual about their health service needs in empty nest households. The consistency degree was calculated based on their consistent answers to the questionnaire, and a correlation analyse was used to study the relationship of individuals’ health service needs in the same empty nest households. A family collective model was used to analyse household-based health service needs.Results: Individual’s needs consistency rates in empty nest households, such as diagnosis and treatment service(H1), follow-up service for chronic disease(H2), telemedicine care(H3), physical examination service(H4), health education service(H5), mental healthcare(H6), and Chinese traditional medicine service(H7) were 40.30%, 89.13%, 98.85%, 58.93%, 57.95%, 72.84%, and 63.40%, respectively. Service needs of H1, H3, H4, H5, H7 for individuals in the same empty nest households had significant correlations with each other (r=0.404, 0.177, 0.286, 0.265, 0.220, P<0.001). Health service needs from a perspective of household in rural China mainly included H1 (12.4%), H4 (44.2%), H5 (26.9%) and H7(18.9%). Conclusions: Individuals in the same household are highly consistent with each other in health service needs. Individuals could affect other members’ health service needs in their households, when one of them get illness, their spouse would likely to have same health service needs to avoid getting disease or to keep health. In this study, health service needs in empty nest households are mainly concerned with health promotion and maintenance services, which could be an indicator for primary care to improve the effectiveness of service delivery, such as family doctor and family-based health insurance system. Also, more focus should be paid on households that need great help on different health services.