bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Konservasi In Vitro Tanaman Hias Akuatik Bacopa australis dan Alternanthera reineckii Menggunakan Paklobutrazol dan Benzil Adenin
Authors: Lestari Endang Gati , Nugraha Media Fitri Isma , Yunita Rossa , Aini Azizi Alfia Annur 
Published: September 2021

<p>Tanaman Bacopa australis dan Alternanthera reineckii mempunyai nilai ekonomi cukup tinggi sebagai tanaman hias akuatik, sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Pertumbuhan minimal merupakan teknik penyimpanan in vitro yang banyak digunakan dengan menggunakan senyawa penghambat tumbuh seperti paklobutrazol (PBZ), sisosel (CCC), ansimidol, serta komponen osmotik seperti sorbitol dan manitol. Teknik kultur in vitro mempunyai peran penting untuk penyimpanan biakan, karena biakan dapat disimpan sampai beberapa bulan tanpa harus dilakukan subkultur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh zat penghambat paklobutrazol dan interaksinya dengan zat pengatur tumbuh benzil adenin (BA) untuk menghambat pertumbuhan biakan serta visual biakan selama penyimpanan. Bahan yang digunakan adalah tunas in vitro B. australis dan A. reineckii umur 4 bulan, media yang diuji adalah media dasar Murashige dan Skoog (MS) + PBZ (0,1, 0,3, 0,5, dan 0,7 mg/l) + BA (0 dan 0,1 mg/l). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan BB Biogen pada bulan Januari sampai Juli 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PBZ 0,1−0,7 mg/l dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tinggi tunas, jumlah tunas, jumlah akar, panjang akar, dan jumlah daun dari biakan in vitro B. australis dan A. reineckii demikian pula interaksinya dengan sitokinin BA 0,1 mg/l, yang membuat visual biakan tetap tegar sampai 6 bulan setelah tanam. Formula media yang diperoleh diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan untuk penyimpanan plasma nutfah tanaman akuatik yang sejenis.</p><p> </p>
Effects of the Full Coverage Policy of Essential Medicines on Inequality in Medication Adherence: A Longitudinal Study in Taizhou, China
Authors: Guo Zhigang , Zheng Liguang , Fu Mengyuan , Li Huangqianyu , Bai Lin , Guan Xiaodong , Shi Luwen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The full coverage policy for essential medicines (FCPEMs) was proposed and implemented in Taizhou city of Zhejiang Province of China to promote equal access and adherence to medicines. This study aimed to examine the effects of FCPEMs on the inequality in medication adherence among local patients with hypertension and diabetes, and to explore their influencing factorsMethods: We collected electronic health records of patients with hypertension and diabetes of three districts of Taizhou from 2011-2016. With the implementation time of FCPEMs being different, we applied a retrospective longitudinal study design and selected the records of 1 baseline year before and 3 follow-up years after following the implementation of FCPEMs. All data entries of the same patient were aggregated and generated a dataset with 4-year longitudinal data. The concentration index (CI) and its decomposition method were employed to measure the factors contributing to inequality in medication adherence and the role played by FCPEMs.Results: The sample size of the 4 years retrospective longitudinal data rose from 264,836 to 315,677, 340,512 and 355,676 individuals and the proportion of the patient taking the free medicines were 17.6% to 25.0% and 29.8% after FCPEMs. The proportion of patients with high adherence increased from 39.9% to 51.6%, 57.2%, 60.5% and CI changed from 0.073 to -0.011, -0.029, -0.035, where the rate of the contribution of FCPEMs were 54.792%, 1.223% and -19.092% and ranked 2nd, 7th and 2nd after the implementation of FCPEMs. The changes in CI of medication adherence for every two years were -0.084, -0.018, -0.006, and the contribution of FCPEMs were -0.006, 0.006, 0.007, ranking the 2nd, 2nd and 1st and mainly attributed to the changes of CI of FCPEMs.Conclusions: The medication adherence of patients with hypertension and diabetes improved after the implementation FCPEMs in Taizhou, but the inequality did not show a consistent rate of improvement. In general, FCPEMs contributed to improvements in the inequality in medication adherence. FCPEMs could be a protective factor against the income-related inequalities, but this would need further investigations and to be accompanied by other systematic efforts.
Mechanical And Thermodynamic Stabilities, Half-Metallic Property of Co2CrAl Heuslerene: A DFT Study
Authors: Boochani A. , Asshabi M. , Jamal M. , Shahrokhi M. , Nezafat N. B. , Salimi N. , Amiri M. , Yari A. , Solaymani S. , Dezfuli F. Motamed , Asad-Abadi S. Jalali , Zelati A. , Vahabzadeh N. A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the present study, the physical properties of the ground state in bulk and Co2CrAl Heuslerene compound are investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The effects of exchange-correlation potential on the calculations have been also investigated by GGA, GGA+U, and GGA+U+mBJ approximately. Here, three graphene-like structures with the thickness of about 8 Bohr have been labeled as α, β, and ϒ phases. The results demonstrate the mechanical stability of bulk Co2CrAl since it passes the elastic stability test. Having proved the static stability of the bulk and three Heuslerene shapes of Co2CrAl, it is essential to study dynamic stability as well. The accessible region in the thermodynamic phase diagrams confirms the thermodynamic stability of bulk Co2CrAl and all 2D phases of the compound. According to our electronic calculations, the bulk phase of Co2CrAl is a half-metal whose values of magnetic moment and spin polarization is 3 μB and 100% at the Fermi level, respectively. Besides, α and ϒ phases show the metal behavior for both spin directions in all imposed approximations. Finally, β phase exhibits different magnetic properties for different approximations. From 3eV to 2eV, GGA and GGA+U reveal the magnetic anisotropic and isotropic nature. Besides, an extremely anisotropic nature is observed at the Fermi level by GGA+U+mbJ.
First-In-Human Results On The Biodistribution, Pharmacokinetics, And Dosimetry of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi and [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 in Patients with Various End-stage Cancers
Authors: Ballal Sanjana , Yadav Madhav Prasad , Moon Euy Sung , Kramer Vasko S , Roesch Frank , Kumari Samta , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, dosimetry of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi, and [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 in patients with various cancers.Methods: The FAPi agents, [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi and [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 were administered in two different groups of patients. Three patients (mean age; 50 years) were treated with a median cumulative activity of 2.96 GBq (IQR: 2.2 – 3 GBq) [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi and seven (mean age; 51 years) were treated with 1.48 GBq (IQR: 0.6 – 1.5) of [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2. Patients in both the groups underwent serial imaging whole-body planar and SPECT/CT scans that were acquired between 1 hour and 168 hours post-injection (p.i.)The residence time and absorbed dose estimate in the source organs and tumor were calculated using OLINDA/EXM 2.2 software. Time versus activity graphs were plotted to determine the effective half-life (Te) in the whole body and lesions for both the radiotracers. Results: Physiological uptake of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi was observed in the kidneys, colon, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, oral mucosa, lacrimal glands, and urinary bladder contents. Physiological biodistribution of [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 involved liver, gall bladder, colon, pancreas, kidneys, and urinary bladder contents, lacrimal glands, oral mucosa, and salivary glands. The whole body effective dose for [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 was significantly higher than [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi [2.26E-01 ± 1.24E-01; vs. 6.22E-02 ± 9.96E-03 mSv/MBq, P-0.058). In the [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi group, the highest absorbed dose were noted in the Kidneys (0.618 ± 0.015 Gy/GBq), followed by a colon (right colon: 0.472 Gy/GBq and left colon: 0.43 Gy/GBq). In the [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 group, the colon received the highest absorbed dose (right colon: 1.16 Gy/GBq and left colon: 2.87 Gy/GBq), and demonstrated a significantly higher mean absorbed dose than [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi (P < 0.011). [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 had significantly longer median whole-body Te compared to that of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi [46.2 h (IQR: 38.5 – 70.1) vs. 23.1 h (IQR: 17.8 – 31.5); P-0.0167]. The median absorbed doses to the lesions were 6.03E-01(IQR: 2.30E-01 - 1.81E+00) Gy/GBq and 6.70E+00 (IQR: 3.40E+00 - 4.9E+01) Gy/GBq dose per cycle in the [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi, and [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 groups, respectively. Conclusion: The first clinical dosimetry study demonstrated significantly higher tumor absorbed doses with [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 compared to [177Lu]Lu-DOTA.SA.FAPi. [177Lu]Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 is safe and unveiled new frontiers to treat various end-stage cancer patients with a theranostic approach.
Epidemiological Profile of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in a Diagnostic Center in Southern Puerto Rico, 2006-2017
Authors: Pacheco Maria , Bauza Laura Deliz , Martinez Iris , Morales Luisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study has the purpose of developing an epidemiological profile of children with Neurodevelopmental disorders in southern Puerto Rico Methods: This is an exploratory study with a mixed design that carried out in a diagnostic center located in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The population under study were children within 0-18 years old of both sexes diagnosed with a Neurodevelopmental disorder using the DSM- 4 and DSM-5 criteria. The sample under investigation were all the children in the secondary database of children who received health services in the diagnostic center within 2016-2017. Additionally, to the data from the secondary database, a hand-writing record review was performed to obtain data related to comorbidities. Bivariate and multivariate analysis evaluated the association between each Neurodevelopmental disorder, and each disease reported in the family history of diseases. Also, bivariate and multivariate analysis assessed the association between each Neurodevelopmental disorder, and each comorbidity reported. Results and conclusions: The mean age and standard deviation of the sample were 5.2 ± 3.20, and 80.5% were males. Also, most of the children lived in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The sample size did not have normal distribution because the sample size is too smaller and not selected by probabilistic methods. Furthermore, 88.2% of the children received a previous evaluation related to the problem, and 70.5% received some treatment for the symptoms. The results revealed that the Neurodevelopmental disorders co-occurred. Also, other comorbidities co-occurred with these disorders. Mental disorders are associated with Autism, ADHD and Communication Disorders. Also, family history of Mental disorders is associated with Autism.
Metformin Sensitizes Leukemic Cells to Cytotoxic Lymphocytes by Increasing Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
Authors: Allende-Vega Nerea , Brualla Joaquin Marco , Falvo Paolo , Alexia Catherine , Constantinides Michael , Maudave Alexis Fayd’herbe , Coenon Lois , Gitenay Delphine , Mitola Giulia , Massa Paul , Orecchioni Stefania , Bertolini Francesco , Marzo Isabel , Anel Alberto , Villalba Martin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Solid tumor cells have an altered metabolism that can protect them from cytotoxic lymphocytes. The antidiabetic drug metformin modifies tumor cell metabolism and several clinical trials are testing its effectiveness for the treatment of solid cancers. The use of metformin in hematologic cancers has received much less attention, although allogeneic cytotoxic lymphocytes are very effective against these tumors. We show here that metformin induces expression of Natural Killer G2-D (NKG2D) ligands (NKG2DL) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a ligand of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1). This leads to enhance sensitivity to cytotoxic lymphocytes. Overexpression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members decrease both metformin effects. The sensitization to activated cytotoxic lymphocytes is mainly mediated by the increase on ICAM-1 levels, which favors cytotoxic lymphocytes binding to tumor cells. Finally, metformin decreases the growth of human hematological tumor cells in xenograft models, mainly in presence of monoclonal antibodies that recognize tumor antigens. Our results suggest that metformin could improve cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated therapy.
Seismic Performance of Hybrid SMA/Steel Reinforced Hollow Section Concrete Bridge Piers
Authors: Wakjira Tadesse Gemeda , Alam M. Shahria , Ebead Usama 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Concrete bridge piers reinforced with conventional steel bars experience large permanent (residual) deformation that may lead to uneconomical repair or demotion of bridges due to their non-functionality post strong seismic event. Thus, sufficiently ductile materials are required to reinforce concrete bridge piers in the plastic hinge zone in order to limit their permanent damage and deformation post-earthquake event. Previous studies showed that partial replacement of conventional steel reinforcement bars with superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) bars in the plastic hinge zone of concrete bridge piers has the capacity to limit the residual deformation owing to the superior self-centering properties of SMA bars. In this study, the efficacy of hybrid SMA/steel reinforcement for hollow section concrete bridge piers under combined reverse cyclic and constant axial loading is numerically investigated for the first time. The responses of the piers were evaluated in terms of different performance indices including hysteretic characteristics, residual deformation, energy dissipation capacity, and self-centering capacity. A sensitivity analysis was used to explore the main effects of key design parameters and their interactions on each performance index at four damage states, namely, complete, extensive, moderate, and slight damage states. The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of hybrid SMA/steel reinforcement for enhancing the seismic behavior of hollow section concrete bridge piers.
Vascular Inflammation in Lungs of Patients with Fatal Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Possible Role for the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Paul Oindrila , Tao Jian Qin , West Eric , Litzky Leslie , Feldman Michael , Montone Kathleen , Rajapakse Chamith , Bermudez Christian , Chatterjee Shampa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Hyperinflammation is a key event that occurs with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the lung, hyperinflammation leads to structural damage to tissue. To date, numerous lung histological studies have shown extensive alveolar damage, but there is scarce documentation of vascular inflammation in postmortem lung tissue. Methods: Lung sections from 8 COVID-19 affected and 11 non-COVID-19 subjects [of which 8 were acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) affected and 3 were from subjects with non-respiratory diseases] were stained for H & E to ascertain histopathological features including presence of thrombi/microthrombi. Inflammation along the vessel wall was also monitored by quantification of the expression of moieties of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (NLRP3 and caspase-1). Results: In lungs from “fatal COVID-19”, vascular changes in the form of microthrombi in small vessels, arterial thrombosis, and organization were extensive as compared to lungs from “non-COVID-19 non respiratory disease” affected subjects. The NLRP3 pathway components were significantly higher in lungs from COVID-19 subjects as compared to non-COVID-19 fatal cases without respiratory disease. No significant differences were observed between COVID-19 lungs and non-COVID-19 ARDS lungs. Conclusion: We posit that inflammasome formation along the vessel wall is a characteristic of lung inflammation that accompanies COVID-19. Thus, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway seems to be probable candidate that drives amplification of inflammation post SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Lymphocyte Predominance in Blood, Pleural Fluid, and Tumour Stroma; A Prognostic Marker in Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Fonseka Duneesha , Arnold David T , Morley Anna J , Brett Mary , Bhatt Nidhi , Edey Anthony , Daly Richard , Bibby Anna C , Maskell Nick 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

As promising novel treatments develop for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), early prognostication has become increasingly important. Circulating and local inflammatory cells are known to play a significant role in other tumour types. We assessed the proportion of lymphocyte populations within blood, pleural fluid and tumour stroma to prognosticate patients with MPM at diagnosis.
Methods

Consecutive patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven MPM were prospectively recruited to an observational cohort study and followed up for a minimum of 7.5 years. Blood and pleural fluid results at presentation were extracted from the medical records. Biopsy specimens were independently reviewed by 2 pathologists who scored the degree of lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltration.
Results

Baseline results were available for 184 patients. The predominant pleural fluid cell type was calculable for 84 patients and 118 patients had biopsy specimens available for review. A low blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR < 4) inferred a better prognosis with a median survival of 420 days versus 301 days (p < 0.01). Survival was better for patients with a lymphocyte-predominant pleural effusion (430 vs 306 days, p < 0.01). Lymphocyte infiltration of tumour stroma was also associated with improved survival (n = 92, survival 430 days) compared with neutrophilic or acellular samples (n = 26, survival 342 days p < 0.01). In multivariable modelling lymphocyte predominance in blood, pleural fluid and tumour stroma were all associated with a better prognosis.
Conclusions

Lymphocyte predominance within tumour stroma, pleural fluid or blood infers a better prognosis in patients with MPM.
Accumulation of trace element content in the lungs of Sao Paulo city residents and its correlation to lifetime exposure to air pollution
Authors: santos Nathalia Villa , Vieira Carolina Leticia Zilli , Saldiva Paulo Hilario Nascimento , De Andre Carmen Diva Saldiva , Mazzilli Barbara Paci , Andrade Maria de Fatima , Saueia Catia Heloisa , Saiki Mitiko , Veras Mariana Matera , Koutrakis Petros 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Heavy metals are natural and essential elements of the environment and living beings, produced from natural (e.g. volcanic activity and cosmic ray-induced spallation) and anthropogenic processes (e.g. industrial and fossil fuel combustion). Studies showed increase of heavy metal and Polonium-210 concentrations in lung autopsies linked to urban and industrial air pollution. In this preliminary study, we analyzed the levels of heavy metals and Polonium-210 (210Po) in lung tissues in autopsies from residents of the city of Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. In order to identify the generating sources of the heavy metals in lung a factor analysis was performed. Of the first four factors, which explain 66% of the total variability, three were associated with vehicular sources. The fitting of a regression model with Polonium-210 as the response variable and with the four factors as explanatory variables, controlling for age, sex and tobacco, showed a significant association between the concentration of polonium and the first factor that is generated by catalysts and brakes (coefficient = 0.90, standard error = 0.33, p = 0.016). Our findings suggest an association between the metals trace, from air pollution, and Polonium-210 in lung autopsies.
Curcumin Attenuates Hepato-, and Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cypermethrin Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress in Male Albino Rabbits
Authors: Rehman Hamid , Naveed Muhammad , Ahmad Khurshid , Iqbal Mazhar , Yousaf Sohail , Jamil Muhammad , Imtiaz Hifza , Khan Hidyat , Naeem Rehan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in the toxicity of several pesticides. This study was aimed to induce oxidative stress in rabbit’s liver and kidney by cypermethrin (CYP), a type II pyrethroid pesticide and to evaluate the protective effect of Curcumin (CMN). Numerous plant moieties are identified to exhibit protective potential by neutralizing the oxidative stress. In this study we evaluated the protective role of powdered dried rhizome of curcuma longa L. (CMN) against CYP-induced liver and renal toxicity. For this purpose, all the rabbits were divided in 4 groups, each containing 5 rabbits. The 1st group considered as control while 2nd, 3rd and 4th group were treated with CYP (25mg/kg), CMN (50 mg/kg) alone and CYP (25 mg/kg) in combination with CMN (50 mg/kg), respectively. Biochemical markers were investigated in serum while antioxidant potential and histopathological analysis was performed in liver and kidney tissues. CYP administration resulted in significant reduction of antioxidant protein and enzymes (GSH, GST, catalase, SOD and GPx). Moreover, remarkable variations were observed in biochemical markers (urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP and bilirubin) as well as in histology of kidney and liver in CYP-treated rabbits. The administration of CMN in combination with CYP significantly restored the level of endogenous antioxidants. Furthermore, the normal level of serum biochemical markers was observed with normal histology of liver and kidney in rabbits treated with CMN. Similarly, CMN alleviated the harmful effects of CYP on lipid profiles, hematological parameters and body weight of rabbits.
The Impact of Waist Circumference on Incident of Cardiovascular Death During 9 Years of Follow Up in General Population
Authors: Li Man , Wang Shu-xia , Su Yong-kang , Sun Jin , Zhang An-hang , Cheng Bo-kai , Cai Shuang , Ping Zhu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Risk assessment is essential for the primary prevention of cardiovascular death among general population. Although studies have shown that waist circumference (WC) is positively associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death among the general population, few studies have investigated the prognostic value of WC during a long-term follow up and the risk threshold of WC remains controversial. We aimed to investigate whether higher level of WC measurements was able to predict mortality in general population.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, a total of 1521 consecutive subjects free of clinical cardiovascular disease were included. The end point was cardiovascular death. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the cumulative risk of outcome at different WC levels, and compared by log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between WC and outcomes.Results: During a median follow up of 9.2 years, there were 265 patients died. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates indicated that the patients with higher levels of WC (WC> 94cm) had a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular death (log-rank p＜0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, multiple COX regression models showed that higher level of WC was an independent predictor in developing cardiovascular death (HR 3.02; 95% CI: 1.88–3.83; p＜0.001). We saw a significant increase of (area under the curve) AUC in ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve after addition of WC to a clinical model, for long-term cardiovascular death the increase of AUC 0.766 vs 0.642 (95% CI: 0.787–0.846 p＜0.001). The addition of WC to established risk factors significantly improved risk prediction of cardiovascular death (net reclassification index, and integrated discrimination improvement, all p＜0.05).Conclusion: Higher level of WC is significantly associated with long-term cardiovascular death. WC may provide incremental prognostic value beyond traditional risks factors.