bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genomic basis of army ant chemosensory adaptations
Authors: McKenzie Sean K. , Winston Max E. , Grewe Felix , Vargas Asensio Gabriel , Rodríguez‐Hernández Natalia , Rubin Benjamin E. R. , Murillo‐Cruz Catalina , von Beeren Christoph , Moreau Corrie S. , Suen Garret , Pinto‐Tomás Adrian A. , Kronauer Daniel J. C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe evolution of mass raiding has allowed army ants to become dominant arthropod predators in the tropics. Although a century of research has led to many discoveries about behavioural, morphological and physiological adaptations in army ants, almost nothing is known about the molecular basis of army ant biology. Here we report the genome of the iconic New World army ant Eciton burchellii, and show that it is unusually compact, with a reduced gene complement relative to other ants. In contrast to this overall reduction, a particular gene subfamily (9‐exon ORs) expressed predominantly in female antennae is expanded. This subfamily has previously been linked to the recognition of hydrocarbons, key olfactory cues used in insect communication and prey discrimination. Confocal microscopy of the brain showed a corresponding expansion in a putative hydrocarbon response centre within the antennal lobe, while scanning electron microscopy of the antenna revealed a particularly high density of hydrocarbon‐sensitive sensory hairs. E. burchellii shares these features with its predatory and more cryptic relative, the clonal raider ant. By integrating genomic, transcriptomic and anatomical analyses in a comparative context, our work thus provides evidence that army ants and their relatives possess a suite of modifications in the chemosensory system that may be involved in behavioural coordination and prey selection during social predation. It also lays the groundwork for future studies of army ant biology at the molecular level.
Radical responsibility beyond empathy: Interreligious resources against liberal distortions of nursing care
Authors: Dickman Nathan Eric 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, I bring together Jewish and Buddhist philosophical resources to develop a notion of radical responsibility that can confront a complicity within nursing and health care between empathy and (neo)liberal white supremacist hegemony. My inspiration comes from Angela Davis's call for building coalitions to advance struggles for peace and justice. I proceed as follows. First, I note ways phenomenology clarifies empathy's seeming foundational role in nursing care, and how such a formulation can be complicit with assumptions about private individualism. Second, I turn to the Jewish philosophies of Martin Buber and Emmanuel Levinas, and their advocacy for a kind of responsibility that precedes the constitution of individuality as this can provide a resource for action and practice circumventing liberal influenced empathy. I note critical reservations about direct and practical application of Levinasian ethics in nursing care, and turn to engaged Buddhist philosophies of interdependence—such as in Thich Nhat Hanh and the Dalai Lama—as a corrective. Third, I conclude by indicating ways interreligious radical responsibility can reorient us toward housekeeping habits of character and away from exceptional crisis management, noting specific examples and actions in health care, nursing education and nursing scholarship.
Government spending and the exchange rate: Exploring this relationship in Mexico using a cointegrated system of equations
Authors: Cruz Moritz , Sánchez‐Vargas Armando 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is to empirically test the effect of both public consumption and investment on the exchange rate in the Mexican economy. Recent increasing literature on the topic has pointed out that effects in either direction of disaggregated public expenditure on the exchange rate can be expected. Therefore, we investigate this using a system of cointegrated equations. The simulations’ results suggest that expansions of government consumption leave unchanged the real exchange rate and depreciate the nominal one; on the contrary, government investment also produces a nominal depreciation, and only large shocks produce small real appreciations. These movements of the exchange rate are in any case negligible. At the economic policy level, the results support the use of fiscal policy to achieve growth and developmental goals.
Re–Engineering Education
Authors: Zeldovich Lina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
During the first year of the pandemic, colleges of engineering across the country revamped how they deliver lectures, run labs, administer tests, and even attract students to come to their school. These changes to long-standing norms were initially adopted as temporary, emergency measures, but faculty, administrators, and students found that some of them were improvements. As the next academic year is set to begin this month, school administrators have had to assess the lessons from COVID-19 to see what parts of the new normal should become simply normal.
Cross-sectional associations of schoolchildren’s fruit and vegetable consumption, and meal choices, with their mental well-being: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hayhoe Richard , Rechel Boika , Clark Allan B , Gummerson Claire , Smith S J Louise , Welch Ailsa A 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundPoor mental well-being is a major issue for young people and is likely to have long-term negative consequences. The contribution of nutrition is underexplored. We, therefore, investigated the association between dietary choices and mental well-being among schoolchildren.MethodsData from 7570 secondary school and 1253 primary school children in the Norfolk Children and Young People Health and Well-being Survey, open to all Norfolk schools during October 2017, were analysed. Multivariable linear regression was used to measure the association between nutritional factors and mental well-being assessed by the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale for secondary school pupils, or the Stirling Children’s Well-being Scale for primary school pupils. We adjusted all analyses for important covariates including demographic, health variables, living/home situation and adverse experience variables.ResultsIn secondary school analyses, a strong association between nutritional variables and well-being scores was apparent. Higher combined fruit and vegetable consumption was significantly associated with higher well-being: well-being scores were 3.73 (95% CI 2.94 to 4.53) units higher in those consuming five or more fruits and vegetables (p<0.001; n=1905) compared with none (n=739). The type of breakfast or lunch consumed was also associated with significant differences in well-being score. Compared with children consuming a conventional type of breakfast (n=5288), those not eating any breakfast had mean well-being scores 2.73 (95% CI 2.11 to 3.35) units lower (p<0.001; n=1129) and those consuming only an energy drink had well-being scores 3.14 (95% CI 1.20 to 5.09) units lower (p=0.002; n=91). Likewise, children not eating any lunch had well-being scores 2.95 (95% CI 2.22 to 3.68) units lower (p<0.001; 860) than those consuming a packed lunch (n=3744). In primary school analyses, the type of breakfast or lunch was associated with significant differences in well-being scores in a similar way to those seen in secondary school data, although no significant association with fruit and vegetable intake was evident.ConclusionThese findings suggest that public health strategies to optimise the mental well-being of children should include promotion of good nutrition.
Improving hospital flow ‘Ensiab Project’
Authors: Alotaibi Yasser , Alnowaiser Noura , Alamry Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

Emergency department (ED) boarding is an indicator of less efficient hospital flow and is associated with longer inpatient length of stay, higher readmission rates and increased risk of mortality and medical errors. In addition to being associated with poor patient and staff satisfaction.This article describes the efforts of six tertiary care governmental hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that have enrolled in a collaborative improvement project to reduce ED boarding time.The hospitals implemented a multifaceted system intervention that included forming multidisciplinary flow improvement teams, implementing the National Health Service (NHS) SAFER patient flow bundle, visual management system and multidisciplinary ED bed huddles.By the end of the project, all hospitals significantly reduced ED boarding time with a pooled mean difference of – 7.1 hours (16.6 before, 9.5 hours after, p<0.001), reaching a pooled average of 2 hours in March 2020.Furthermore, by the end of the third learning session, all hospitals were able to achieve a boarding time below 6 hours. The enrolled hospitals also experienced an improvement in hospital flow process measures without any increase in 30-day readmission rates or bed occupancy rates.Our project demonstrates that implementing multifaceted system-wide interventions improves hospital flow and ED boarding time. Additionally, our project demonstrates a significant correlation between improvements in ED boarding time, daily consultant-led rounds and early discharge from inpatient units and time till discharge.
Spinal and corticospinal excitability in response to reductions in skin and core temperatures via whole-body cooling
Authors: Hurrie Daryl M.G. , Talebian nia Morteza , Power Kevin , Stecina Katinka , Gardiner Phillip , Lockyer Evan , Giesbrecht Gordon G. 
Published: September 2021

Cold stress impairs fine and gross motor movements. Although peripheral effects of muscle cooling on performance are well understood, less is known about central mechanisms. This study characterized corticospinal and spinal excitability during surface cooling, reducing skin (Tsk) and esophageal (Tes) temperatures. Ten subjects (3 females) wore a liquid-perfused suit and were cooled (9 °C perfusate, 90 min) and rewarmed (41 °C perfusate, 30 min). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (eliciting motor evoked potentials [MEPs]), as well as transmastoid (eliciting cervicomedullary evoked potentials [CMEPs]) and brachial plexus (eliciting maximal compound motor action potentials [Mmax]) electrical stimulation, were applied at baseline, every 20 min during cooling, and following rewarming. Sixty minutes of cooling reduced Tsk by 9.6 °C (P < 0.001), but Tes remained unchanged (P = 0.92). Tes then decreased by ∼0.6 °C in the next 30 min of cooling (P < 0.001). Eight subjects shivered. During rewarming, shivering was abolished, and Tsk returned to baseline, while Tes did not increase. During cooling and rewarming, Mmax, MEP, and MEP/Mmax remained unchanged from baseline. However, CMEP and CMEP/Mmax increased during cooling by ∼85% and 79% (P < 0.001), respectively, and remained elevated post-rewarming. The results suggest that spinal excitability is facilitated by reduced Tsk during cooling and reduced Tes during warming, while corticospinal excitability remains unchanged. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04253730. Novelty: This is the first study to characterize corticospinal and spinal excitability during whole-body cooling and rewarming in humans. Whole body cooling did not affect corticospinal excitability. Spinal excitability was facilitated during reductions in both skin and core temperatures.
LegalGNN: Legal Information Enhanced Graph Neural Network for Recommendation
Authors: Yang Jun , Ma Weizhi , Zhang Min , Zhou Xin , Liu Yiqun , Ma Shaoping 
Published: September 2021

Recommendation in legal scenario (Legal-Rec) is a specialized recommendation task that aims to provide potential helpful legal documents for users. While there are mainly three differences compared with traditional recommendation: (1) Both the structural connections and textual contents of legal information are important in the Legal-Rec scenario, which means feature fusion is very important here. (2) Legal-Rec users prefer the newest legal cases (the latest legal interpretation and legal practice), which leads to a severe new-item problem. (3) Different from users in other scenarios, most Legal-Rec users are expert and domain-related users. They often concentrate on several topics and have more stable information needs. So it is important to accurately model user interests here. To the best of our knowledge, existing recommendation work cannot handle these challenges simultaneously.
To address these challenges, we propose a legal information enhanced graph neural network–based recommendation framework (LegalGNN). First, a unified legal content and structure representation model is designed for feature fusion, where the Heterogeneous Legal Information Network (HLIN) is constructed to connect the structural features (e.g., knowledge graph) and contextual features (e.g., the content of legal documents) for training. Second, to model user interests, we incorporate the queries users issued in legal systems into the HLIN and link them with both retrieved documents and inquired users. This extra information is not only helpful for estimating user preferences, but also valuable for cold users/items (with less interaction history) in this scenario. Third, a graph neural network with relational attention mechanism is applied to make use of high-order connections in HLIN for Legal-Rec. Experimental results on a real-world legal dataset verify that LegalGNN outperforms several state-of-the-art methods significantly. As far as we know, LegalGNN is the first graph neural model for legal recommendation.
Fast Corotated Elastic SPH Solids with Implicit Zero-Energy Mode Control
Authors: Kugelstadt Tassilo , Bender Jan , Fernández-Fernández José Antonio , Jeske Stefan Rhys , Löschner Fabian , Longva Andreas 
Published: September 2021

We develop a new operator splitting formulation for the simulation of corotated linearly elastic solids with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). Based on the technique of Kugelstadt et al. [2018] originally developed for the Finite Element Method (FEM), we split the elastic energy into two separate terms corresponding to stretching and volume conservation, and based on this principle, we design a splitting scheme compatible with SPH. The operator splitting scheme enables us to treat the two terms separately, and because the stretching forces lead to a stiffness matrix that is constant in time, we are able to prefactor the system matrix for the implicit integration step. Solid-solid contact and fluid-solid interaction is achieved through a unified pressure solve. We demonstrate more than an order of magnitude improvement in computation time compared to a state-of-the-art SPH simulator for elastic solids.
We further improve the stability and reliability of the simulation through several additional contributions. We introduce a new implicit penalty mechanism that suppresses zero-energy modes inherent in the SPH formulation for elastic solids, and present a new, physics-inspired sampling algorithm for generating high-quality particle distributions for the rest shape of an elastic solid. We finally also devise an efficient method for interpolating vertex positions of a high-resolution surface mesh based on the SPH particle positions for use in high-fidelity visualization.
Application of Jianpi Xiaoai Recipe Combined with Cisplatin and Adriamycin in the Treatment of Endometrial Cancer and Its Effect on Disease Control Rate
Authors: Ding Li , Li Hongyu , Wang Yuping 
Published: September 2021

Objective. To explore the application of Jianpi Xiaoai recipe combined with cisplatin and Adriamycin in the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC) and its effect on the disease control rate (DCR). Methods. The data of 120 EC patients treated in People’s Hospital of Rizhao from February 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. They were equally split into experimental group and control group according to the order of admission. All patients were treated with neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy (continuous infusion of the uterine artery for 5 days before surgery, with 20 mg of cisplatin mixed with 2000 mg of normal saline and 10 mg of Adriamycin mixed with 500 ml of normal saline daily), while the experimental group was treated with Jianpi Xiaoai recipe at the same time to compare the short-term efficacy, immune function indexes, incidence of adverse reactions, and HEC-1-B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells) cell inhibition rates between the two groups. Results. The DCR and objective remission rate (ORR) in the experimental group were markedly higher compared with the control group (

P

< 0.05). The immune function indexes after treatment were remarkably better in the experimental group than in the control group (

P

< 0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was notably lower (

P

< 0.05), while the HEC-1-B inhibition rates after treatment were obviously higher (

P

< 0.05). Conclusion. Jianpi Xiaoai recipe combined with cisplatin and Adriamycin can increase the HEC-1-B cell inhibition rate in EC patients, improve their immune function, reduce the possibility of adverse reactions, and enhance the therapeutic effect, which is worthy of clinical application and popularization.
Incidence and Outcomes of Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Lanz Jonas , Reardon Michael J. , Pilgrim Thomas , Stortecky Stefan , Deeb G. Michael , Chetcuti Stanley , Yakubov Steven J. , Gleason Thomas G. , Huang Jian , Windecker Stephan 
Published: September 2021

Background
Data comparing the frequency and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter (TAVR) to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) are scarce. The objective of this study is to compare the incidence and outcomes of IE after TAVR using a supra‐annular, self‐expanding platform (CoreValve and Evolut) to SAVR.

Methods and Results

Data of 3 randomized clinical trials comparing TAVR to SAVR and a prospective continued TAVR access study were pooled. IE was defined on the basis of the modified Duke criteria. The cumulative incidence of IE was determined by modeling the cause‐specific hazard. Estimates of all‐cause mortality were calculated by means of the Kaplan–Meier method. Outcomes are reported for the valve‐implant cohort. During a mean follow‐up time of 2.17±1.51 years, 12 (0.5%) of 2249 patients undergoing TAVR and 21 (1.1%) of 1828 patients undergoing SAVR developed IE. Patients with IE more frequently had diabetes mellitus than those without (57.6% versus 34.2%;
P
=0.005). The cumulative incidence of IE was 1.01% (95% CI, 0.47%–1.96%) after TAVR and 1.58% (95% CI, 0.97%–2.46%) after SAVR (
P
=0.047) at 5 years. Among patients with IE, the rate of all‐cause mortality was 27.3% (95% CI, 1.0%–53.6%) in the TAVR and 51.8% (95% CI, 28.2%–75.3%) in the SAVR group at 1 year (log‐rank
P
=0.15).

Conclusions
Pooled prospectively collected data comparing TAVR with a supra‐annular, self‐expanding device to SAVR showed a low cumulative risk of IE irrespective of treatment modality, although the risk was lower in the TAVR implant group. Once IE occurred, mortality was high.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT01240902, NCT01586910, NCT02701283.
Description of Megacolax gen. nov. and redescription of Megacolax insolitus (Ho & Lin, 2003) (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) parasitic in the nasal cavity of the silver pomfret Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) (Pisces, Stromateidae)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Megacolax gen. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) is established to accommodate Naricolax insolitus Ho & Lin, 2003, and next Megacolax insolitus (Ho & Lin, 2003) emended is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the nasal cavity of the original host, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) (Pisces, Stromateidae) in Japan. The male is described for the first time for the species.
COVID-19 and the Health Promoting School in Italy: Perspectives of educational leaders
Authors: Velasco Veronica , Coppola Liliana , Veneruso Mariacira 
Published: September 2021

Objective: International agencies report the importance of health promotion in planning educational strategies and school management in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify the benefits of using a Health Promoting School (HPS) approach to guide educational and school policy during the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, the main objectives and practices to be implemented, and the challenges likely to be faced. Design: A three-phase qualitative and participatory approach: (1) identification of study objectives and relevant data, (2) data collection through an online form using open-ended questions (14 participants), and (3) online meetings to analyse the findings and reach consensus (17 participants). Setting: Educational leaders from the HPS Network in the Lombardy region in northern Italy participated in the study. Method: Qualitative content analysis was undertaken. Answers were coded into meaningful units and then grouped under higher-order headings. Codes, subcategories, categories and themes were identified. Results: Results suggested high potentiality, significance and sustainability of the HPS model during the pandemic. Objectives and actions relevant to each HPS component were identified. Adaptations to content and methodology, timing, continuity and inequalities requiring specific forms of intervention were identified. Conclusion: This study sought to develop an HPS model relevant to implementation during the COVID-19 epidemic and identified specific lines of action during this challenging period.
The Impact of Information Integration in a Simulation of Future Submarine Command and Control
Authors: Michailovs Steph , Pond Stephen , Schmitt Megan , Irons Jessica , Stoker Matthew , Visser Troy A. W. , Huf Samuel , Loft Shayne 
Published: September 2021

Objective Examine the extent to which increasing information integration across displays in a simulated submarine command and control room can reduce operator workload, improve operator situation awareness, and improve team performance. Background In control rooms, the volume and number of sources of information are increasing, with the potential to overwhelm operator cognitive capacity. It is proposed that by distributing information to maximize relevance to each operator role (increasing information integration), it is possible to not only reduce operator workload but also improve situation awareness and team performance. Method Sixteen teams of six novice participants were trained to work together to combine data from multiple sensor displays to build a tactical picture of surrounding contacts at sea. The extent that data from one display were available to operators at other displays was manipulated (information integration) between teams. Team performance was assessed as the accuracy of the generated tactical picture. Results Teams built a more accurate tactical picture, and individual team members had better situation awareness and lower workload, when provided with high compared with low information integration. Conclusion A human-centered design approach to integrating information in command and control settings can result in lower workload, and enhanced situation awareness and team performance. Application The design of modern command and control rooms, in which operators must fuse increasing volumes of complex data from displays, may benefit from higher information integration based on a human-centered design philosophy, and a fundamental understanding of the cognitive work that is carried out by operators.