bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Blood Group Type and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Experience in A Peripheral Military Hospital
Authors: Badsha Md Soleman , Khan Md Mizanur Rahman , Uddin SM Belal , Nesa Kamrun 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Clinical studies have shown that advanced age and chronic diseases increase the risk of infection. Different studies have found blood groups are also a determining factor of severity. However, in Bangladesh it is yet to have any clinical pattern in this respect. The aim of this study is to find out whether there exists a relationship between the blood groups of the patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Methods: The study is a retrospective cohort study. It included all hospitalized RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients in Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Barishal. We included both genders and people who are older than 14 years of age. The study was conducted during the period between 4th June and 3rd August, 2020. In this period total 556 individuals reported and tested for SARS-CoV-2 where COVID +ve patients are served as patient group and COVID –ve patients are served as the controls.
Results: Our sample consists of 185 patients; we found a percentage distribution of 34.6%, 39.5%, 5.4%, and 20.54% for blood groups A, B, AB and O, respectively. Blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (34.6% vs. 21.83%, p-value 0.045 (<0.05); OR: 1.894).On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group (20.54% vs 32.88%, p-value0.049 (<0.05); OR: 0.528). Although there was a higher percentage distribution of the B blood group among COVID-19 patients as compared to the control groups, this difference did not reach statistical significance. Also, there was no significant difference in the risk of COVID-19 in blood group AB with a distribution of 6.2% in control group, and5.4% in COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that the blood group A might have a role in increased susceptibility to the COVID-19 infection and the blood group O might be somewhat protective.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 94-99
Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of UTI Patients in Medicine Department in a Teaching Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Ferdaus , Hossain Md Enayet , Hossain Md Guljar , Karmaker Gobinda , Kabir Mohammed Ruhul , Chowdhury Iqbal Ahmed , Paul Mukul Chandra , Pal Hitangshu Shekhar 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompass a wide array of infections, accounting for a vast number of community as well as hospital acquired infections. This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical presentations and bacteriological profile of UTI patients in indoor setting.
Methods: This 6 months cross-sectional study enrolled 100 patients admitted in Medicine department of Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital with symptoms and signs of UTI subsequently confirmed by compatible investigations including urine culture.
Results: Among 100 patients of UTI, maximum were females (67%) and the male female ratio was 0.49: 1. The most common age group was 46–60 years (34%). Majority (68%) of the patients had upper UTI while lower UTI constitutes 32%.66% of the patients had complicated while 34% have uncomplicated UTI.18% of the patients had recurrent UTI. Most of the patients had fever (55%), followed by loin pain (37%) as their presenting symptoms. The most common risk factor was loss of host defense 38% (diabetes mellitus/ use of immunosuppressive drugs).Out of 100, 60 urine samples were positive for pathogenic organisms. Escherichia coli was isolated in 41 (68.3%) of the positive samples, followed by Klebsiella sp 13 (21.6%), Pseudomonas sp 3 (5%) Proteus sp 2 (3.3%) Staph. Aureus 1(1.66%).
Conclusion: The most common clinical presentations of UTI in admitted UTI patients are fever and loin pain. Diabetes mellitus is the most important risk factor. Mainly Gram negative bacilli were found to be responsible for UTI and most frequent isolated bacteria was E-coli.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 106-113
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine for Cervical Cancer Prevention
Authors: Sultana Chowdhury Shamima 
Published: March 2021

HPV infection is estimated to be responsible for about 5% of human cancers worldwide. Among all HPV-associated malignancies, cervical cancer is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries. Persistent HPV infection is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer with a prevalence of 99.7% in cervical cancer worldwide.At least 70% of cervical cancers are caused by HPV 16 and HPV 18. HPV vaccination in combination with regular screening offers the most effective way for women to be protected against cervical cancer.The global burden of cervical cancer falls heaviest on the developing countries which haven’t introduced the HPV vaccine as part of their national public health strategy to prevent and control cervical cancer. Different studies showed a drop in the prevalence of HPV associated diseases in vaccinated populations. Sustained efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the bHPV vaccine were observed in the final analysis of a follow-up study up to 9.4 years postvaccination. Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in Bangladesh. There has been little success with screening program against cervical cancer in Bangladesh. Therefore, a National HPV Vaccination Program seems to be the window of opportunity to reduce the mortality and morbidity of cervical cancer in Bangladesh.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 123-131
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Palate-A Difficult Diagnosis
Authors: Sadat SM Anwar , Islam Md Shahadul , Hossain Md Sanwar , Ahmed Mousumi , Rupa Sharmin Akhtar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract not available
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 142-144
Outcome of Unstable Thoracolumbar Fracture Following Long Segment Posterior Fixation
Authors: Choudhury Abdullah Al Mamun , Alam Md Shah , Azad Abul Kalam , Akhter Kohinoor 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Fractures of the thoracolumbar region are the most common injuries of the vertebral column and burst fractures are the most frequent. The purpose of this study was to see the radiological and functional outcome after long segment posterior fixation in unstable thoracolumbar spine injury with incomplete neurological deficit.
Methods: A total of 146 cases were included in this prospective case series from January 2014 to December 2018 through non randomized purposive sampling. All the patients were operated with long segment posterior fixation and postero-lateral fusion by Autogenous cancellous bone graft. Postoperative functional outcome was assessed both clinically by ODI, VAS, ASIA and radiologically by Bridwell criteria. Postoperative follow up was conducted at 2nd, 6th,12th and finally 6 monthly.
Results: The mean Cobb angle at pre-operative was 21.5 ±8.9 and at final follow-up was 11±4.57 in this study (p-value<0.05). At final follow up 1 grade improvement occurred in 116(79.5%) patients and 2 grade improvement in 36 (20.5%). Regarding ODI and VAS, moderate disability (25%) with mild pain (16%) was found at final follow up with a Bridwell fusion grade II (48%).
Conclusion: Long segment transpedicular screw fixation in unstable thoracolumbar spine injury with incomplete neurological deficit is an effective method of treatment. This method enhances neurological and functional recovery with an acceptable fusion rate
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 114-122
“This Thing Still Works, Right?” Interpreting a Stationary Steam Locomotive
Authors: Shepherd Anni 
Published: March 2021

This article deals with the preservation of steam locomotives as static objects in museum collections. In it I use the G-class 4-2-2 steam locomotive more commonly known as the Stirling Single No. 1, which is a part of the collection of the National Railway Museum in the UK, as a case study..
Through this case study I investigate the background of the locomotive as well as the reasons for its current static state of preservation. I argue that steam locomotives don’t need to be operational in order to be valuable and important museum objects and that their static state should be seen as a benefit and an advantage. My article examines these issues through the lens of museum education and learning.
Moottoriajoneuvot museoajoneuvoina ja museo-objekteina
Authors: Moilanen Teppo 
Published: March 2021

Tässä artikkelissa käsittelen moottoriajoneuvojen museaalisuutta. Museaalisten esineiden merkitykset muodostuvat hyvin erilaisista lähtökohdista. Museoajoneuvoiksi entisöityihin vanhoihin moottoriajoneuvoihin liittyvä keskeinen pyrkimys on niiden toiminnallisuuden ylläpitäminen. Hyötyajoneuvojen kohdalla museoajoneuvoksi entisöimisen lopputulos on ristiriitainen. Kun ajoneuvo entisöidään, se palautetaan tilaan, jollainen se ei ole koskaan ollut. Tiettyä käyttötarkoitusta varten valmistetun laitteen käytön jäljet ja käytettävyyden menneisyys katoavat. Museokokoelmien objekteilla toiminnallisuus on yleensä toissijaista. Niissä arvokkaimpana pidetään käyttöhistoriaa ja autenttisuutta todisteina.
Esittelen myös lyhyesti Tie- ja vesirakennushallituksen hankinta-arkistoa ja Tiehallinnon kokoelmaa esimerkkinä laajasti kadonneen materiaalisen kulttuurin runsaasti kontekstualisoidusta kokonaisuudesta. Kokoelmiin kuuluu tienhoitokalustoa ja niiden hankintaan liittyviä asiakirjoja usealta vuosikymmeneltä. Museaalisesti nämä ovat siten arvokas kokonaisuus.
Pengujian Kuat Tekan Pada Beton Dengan Limbah Marmer Sebagai Subtitusi Agregat Kasar
Authors: Lestari Agustin Dita 
Published: March 2021

Pengurangan jumlah pecahan marmer akibat hasil produksi industri marmer dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan pecahan tersebut untuk material yang ada di dalam beton. Penelitian dilakukan dengan maksud agar hasil dari penggantian sebagian agregat kasar dengan limbah pecahan marmer yang ditinjau dari nilai kuat tekan beton dapat diketahui. Penelitian dirancang dengan variasi penggantian pecahan marmer sebesar 0%, 15%, 25%, dan 35%. Pada beton silinder yang memiliki ukuran 15 cm sebagai diameternya dan 30 cm sebagai tingginya, serta telah mencapai umur beton 7 hari, 14 hari, dan 28 hari akan diuji kuat tekannya. Besar kuat tekan yang paling tinggi ada pada variasi 25%, yaitu sebesar 33,22% pada umur beton 28 hari. Dibandingkan dengan nilai kuat tekan beton pada variasi 0% atau beton normal, pada variasi 25% mengalami kenaikan sebesar 4,02%.ABSTRACTReducing the number of aggregate marble waste as a result of the marble industry can be done by using this for concrete materials. This research was conducted with the effect of coarse aggregate substitution with marble waste on the compression strength value of concrete can be known. The research was committed to variations of marble aggregate substitution in 0%, 15%, 25%, and 35%. The compression test will be committed on cylindrical concrete, which has a diameter of 15 cm, a height of 30 at the age of 7, 14, and 28 days of concrete. The value of compression strength at the age of 28 days has the highest variation of 25%, equal to 33.22%. Compared with the compression strength value in variation 0% or average concrete, the variation of 25% has increased by 4.02%.
Dental evagination (dens evaginatus) of the second premolar in the upper jaw. Clinical case
Authors: Mamedova L. A. , Efimovich O. I. , Podojnikov I. V. , Podoinikova A. A. , Bashtovoy A. A. 
Published: March 2021

Dens evaginatus (DE) is an odontogenic developmental abnormality that can be defined as a tubercle or bulge on the surface of a tooth, consisting of the outer layer of enamel, dentin, and possibly pulp. Early diagnosis and treatment of dental evagination is important to prevent untimely endodontic treatment, occlusal trauma, aesthetics, and the development of fissure caries. This pathology of tooth development is usually found on the premolars of the lower jaw as an additional tubercle or bulge between the buccal and lingual tubercles. DE in the maxillary premolar has been reported rarely in the literature. We report one such rare case in the maxillary premolar.Material and methods. The article describes a clinical case of treating a patient with dental evagination. For observation, we used X-ray images made with CBCT, as well as a photo protocol of the stages of patient treatment.Conclusions. Since this pathology is rare, the description of this clinical case will help doctors better understand the approaches to dental treatment with such anomalies in the development of tooth tissues.
Adverse Effects of Ruditapes decussatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Diet on Stomach Tissues in Rats
Authors: İRKİN Latife Ceyda , ÖZTÜRK Şamil 
Published: March 2021

Ruditapes decussatus (Linnaeus, 1758) belongs to the Veneridae family is given as nutrients to rats. R. decussatus was collected from three different locations from the Çanakkale Strait. Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats (270-310 g) were used in the study. There were six rats for each experimental group. The first group fed with standard rat feed, the second group fed with 80% R. decussatus + 20% standard rat feed daily; the third group fed with 80% R. decussatus + 20% standard rat feed every other day, the fourth group fed with 80% R. decussatus + 80% standard rat feed every three days. After routine histopathological follow-up, gastric tissue samples of all subjects were stained and examined under the light microscope. There were no histopathological findings in the gastric tissues of rats in the control group of hematoxylin-eosin staining. In gastric tissues of rats fed with R. decussatus, chronic gastritis caused by mononuclear inflammation between lamina propria and occasional gastric glands was noted. It was observed that inflammation severity and distribution were high especially in tissues of rats fed with R. decussatus every day. It was observed that the most commonly consumed shellfish may cause pathological picture on the digestive system of rats. As a result, increasing environmental pollution threatens the life of water as well as land life, and the consumption of living organisms exposed to polluted environments continues to threaten and affect human life. It is important to pay attention to the conditions under which the consumed products are collected and how they are collected.
THE DISTINCTION LAW OF PROCEDURE OF CORRUPTION CASE AND THE GENERAL COURT IN INDONESIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Authors: Sukmareni Sukmareni , Efendi Roni , Zulfiko Riki 
Published: March 2021

The Corruption Crime Court which based on Article 5 of the corruption Court Law has the authority to examine, adjudicate and decide on the corruption crime cases, money laundering crimes that was initiated by corruption crime and criminal acts that are expressly stipulated in other laws that considered as corruption act. The existence of sovereignty possessed by the State gives rise to jurisdiction (the authority to judge) in regulating the needs of the state both internally and externally. As a sovereign country, Indonesia has jurisdiction in resolving internal and external problems. There are three questions of the research; 1) What is the procedural law of the General Court in the Indonesian criminal justice system? 2) What is the procedural law of the Corruption Crime Court in the Indonesian criminal justice system?, 3) What is the difference between the procedural law of the Corruption Crime Court compared to the law of the General Court in the Indonesian criminal justice system ?.This research is hoped that the procedural laws used in the General Courts and the Corruption Crime Courts will be known, as well as the differences in the procedural laws used in the two Courts. This research is descriptive, using a normative juridical approach, especially the legal approach, used are secondary data as the main legal material in the form of laws relating to the procedural law of general courts and Corruption Crime courts. and qualitative analisis. Based on the research, it was found that differences in the procedural law of Corruption Crime courts compared to general court procedural law in the Indonesian criminal justice system were seen in the independence of the Corruption Crime court institutions and the material that became the authority and the judicial process with the composition and members of the Panel of Judges consisting of career judges and ad hoc judges. division of duties for the presiding judge and its members, the period of time for the examination of the Corruption Crime and the evidence used, as well as their secret registrations which are also special in nature.
1. Abstract Machines
Authors: Fredrikzon Johan 
Published: March 2021

Johan Fredrikzon spent one and a half years as a visiting research assistant at the Film and Media Studies Program at Yale University 2018/2019. Some months before he arrived, a two-day workshop on Simondon was held by the Yale-Düsseldorf Working Group on Philosophy and Media, titled Modes of Technical Objects, with scholars from the US and Germany. Fredrikzon decided to engage a few of the workshop participants for this special issue of Sensorium, with the purpose to discuss perspectives on Simondon as a theoretical instrument for thinking technology, how the French philosopher matters in their work, and why there seems to be a revival in the interest in the writing of Simondon these days.
About Gary Tomlinson:
Gary Tomlinson is John Hay Whitney Professor of Music and the Humanities and director of the Whitney Humanities Center at Yale University. Tomlinson has taught and written about the history of opera and early-modern musical thought and practice, but also on the philosophy of history and anthropological theory. In his current research, he combines humanistic theory with evolutionary science and archaeology to search for the role of culture in the evolution of man. Following A Million Years of Music: The Emergence of Human Modernity (MIT Press, 2015), his new book Culture and the Course of Human Evolution (Chicago, 2018) deepens the theoretical framework on how culture has shaped biology.
Impact of Tumor Side on Clinical Outcomes in Stage II and III Colon Cancer With Known Microsatellite Instability Status
Authors: Akce Mehmet , Zakka Katerina , Jiang Renjian , Williamson Shayla , Alese Olatunji B. , Shaib Walid L. , Wu Christina , Behera Madhusmita , El-Rayes Bassel F. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundTumor sidedness as a prognostic factor in advanced stage colon cancer (CC) is well established. The impact of tumor sidedness on the clinical outcomes of stage II and III CC has not been well studied.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (NCDB) was utilized to identify patients with pathological stage II and III primary adenocarcinoma of the colon from 2010 to 2015 using ICD-O-3 morphology and topography codes: 8140-47, 8210-11, 8220-21, 8260-63, 8480-81, 8490 and C18.0, 18.2,18.3, 18.5,18.6, 18.7. Univariate (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) survival analyses and Kaplan–Meier Curves with Log-rank test were utilized to compare overall survival (OS) based on tumor location and treatment received.ResultsA total of 35,071 patients with stage II (n = 17,629) and III (n = 17,442) CC were identified. 51.3% female; 81.5% Caucasian; median age 66 (range, 18–90). Majority of stage II and III tumors were right sided, 61.2% (n = 10,794) and 56.0% (n = 9,763). Microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) was more common in stage II compared to III, 23.3% (n = 4,115) vs 18.2% (n = 3,171) (p &lt; 0.0001). In stage II MSI-H CC right was more common than left, 78.3% (n = 3223) vs 21.7% (n = 892). There was no significant difference in survival between stage II MSI-H left vs right (5-year OS 76.2 vs 74.7%, p = 0.1578). Stage II MSS CC right was more common than left, 56.0% (n = 7571) vs 44.0% (n = 5943), and survival was better in the left vs right (5-year OS 73.2 vs 70.8%, p = 0.0029). Stage III MSI-H CC was more common in the right than in the left, 75.6% (n = 2,397) vs 24.4% (n = 774) and survival was better in the left (5-year OS 62.5 vs 56.5%, p = 0.0026). Stage III MSS CC was more common in the right than in the left, 51.6% (n = 7,366) vs 48.4% (n = 6,905), and survival was better in the left vs right (5-year OS 67.0 vs 54.4%, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSurvival was better in left sided tumors compared to right in stage II MSS, stage III MSS, and stage III MSI-H CC.
Overexpression of CD44v8-10 in Colon Polyps—A Possible Key to Early Diagnosis
Authors: Dastych Milan , Hubatka Frantisek , Turanek-Knotigova Pavlina , Masek Josef , Kroupa Radek , Raška Milan , Turanek Jaroslav , Prochazka Lubomir 
Published: March 2021

Background and aims: The majority of colorectal cancers arise from detectable adenomatous or serrated lesions. Here we demonstrate how deregulated alternative splicing of CD44 gene in diseased colon mucosa results in downregulation of standard isoform of CD44 gene (CD44s) and upregulation of variant isoform CD44v8-10. Our aim is to show that upregulation of CD44v8-10 isoform is a possible marker of precancerous lesion in human colon.Methods: We analysed pairs of fresh biopsy specimen of large intestine in a cohort of 50 patients. We studied and compared alternative splicing profile of CD44 gene in colon polyps and adjoined healthy colon mucosa. We performed end-point and qRT PCR, western blotting, IHC staining and flow cytometry analyses.Results: We detected more than five-fold overexpression of CD44v8-10 isoform and almost twenty-fold downregulation of standard isoform CD44s in colon polyps compared to adjoined healthy tissue with p = 0.018 and p &lt; 0.001 in a cohort of 50 patients. Our results also show that aberrant splicing of CD44 occurs in both biologically distinct subtypes of colorectal adenoma possibly in ESRP-1 specific manner.Conclusion: 92% of the colon polyp positive patients overexpressed CD44v8-10 isoform in their colon polyps while only 36% of them had positive fecal occult blood test which is currently a standard non-invasive screening technique.Impact: We believe that our results are important for further steps leading to application of CD44v8-10 isoform as a biomarker of colorectal precancerosis in non-invasive detection. Early detection of colon precancerosis means successful prevention of colorectal carcinoma.
Dikkat Eksikliği/Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu olan Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Yeme ve Uyku Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BİLAÇ Öznur , CANOL Tuğçe , KAVURMA Canem , IŞILDAR Yetiş , YALIN SAPMAZ Sermin , ŞENTÜRK Birsen , ÇATUK Ebru , UZUNOĞLU Gülçin , SEVİNC İlknur 
Published: March 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Dikkat Eksikliği/Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) tanılı 11-17 yaş arası çocuk ve ergenlerin yeme tutumları ve uyku paternlerinin sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılarak incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 11-17 yaş arası 35 DEHB tanılı çocuk ve ergen ile yaş ve cinsiyet olarak eşleştirilmiş herhangi bir psikopatolojisi olmayan 11-17 yaş arası 35 sağlıklı kontrol örneklemi oluşturdu. Her iki gruba sosyodemografik veri formu, Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Formu-Şimdi ve Yaşam boyu şekli Türkçe Uyarlaması (K-SADS-PL), Yeme Tutumu Testi (YTT), Düzey-2 Uyku Bozukluğu-6-17 Yaş Arası Çocuğun Ebeveyn Formu, Düzey-2 Uyku Bozukluğu-11-17 Yaş Arası Çocuk formu uygulandı.
Bulgular: DEHB tanılı grup ve kontrol grubu arasında Düzey-2 Uyku Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu ve YTT toplam puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (p