bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PMI-based polarity computation for SVM-NN-based sentiment classification from user-generated reviews
Authors: Padmavathy P. , Mohideen S. Pakkir , Gulzar Zameer 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to initially perform Senti-WordNet (SWN)- and point wise mutual information (PMI)-based polarity computation and based polarity updation. When the SWN polarity and polarity mismatched, the vote flipping algorithm (VFA) is employed.Design/methodology/approachRecently, in domains like social media(SM), healthcare, hotel, car, product data, etc., research on sentiment analysis (SA) has massively increased. In addition, there is no approach for analyzing the positive or negative orientations of every single aspect in a document (a tweet, a review, as well as a piece of news, among others). For SA as well as polarity classification, several researchers have used SWN as a lexical resource. Nevertheless, these lexicons show lower-level performance for sentiment classification (SC) than domain-specific lexicons (DSL). Likewise, in some scenarios, the same term is utilized differently between domain and general knowledge lexicons. While concerning different domains, most words have one sentiment class in SWN, and in the annotated data set, their occurrence signifies a strong inclination with the other sentiment class. Hence, this paper chiefly concentrates on the drawbacks of adapting domain-dependent sentiment lexicon (DDSL) from a collection of labeled user reviews and domain-independent lexicon (DIL) for proposing a framework centered on the information theory that could predict the correct polarity of the words (positive, neutral and negative). The proposed work initially performs SWN- and PMI-based polarity computation and based polarity updation. When the SWN polarity and polarity mismatched, the vote flipping algorithm (VFA) is employed. Finally, the predicted polarity is inputted to the mtf-idf-based SVM-NN classifier for the SC of reviews. The outcomes are examined and contrasted to the other existing techniques to verify that the proposed work has predicted the class of the reviews more effectually for different datasets.FindingsThere is no approach for analyzing the positive or negative orientations of every single aspect in a document (a tweet, a review, as well as a piece of news, among others). For SA as well as polarity classification, several researchers have used SWN as a lexical resource. Nevertheless, these lexicons show lower-level performance for sentiment classification (SC) than domain-specific lexicons (DSL). Likewise, in some scenarios, the same term is utilized differently between domain and general knowledge lexicons. While concerning different domains, most words have one sentiment class in SWN, and in the annotated data set their occurrence signifies a strong inclination with the other sentiment class.Originality/valueThe proposed work initially performs SWN- and PMI-based polarity computation, and based polarity updation. When the SWN polarity and polarity mismatched, the vote flipping algorithm (VFA) is employed.
What does corporate social advocacy signal? Evidence from boycott participation decisions
Authors: Afego Pyemo N. , Alagidede Imhotep P. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis paper explores how a firm's public stand on a social-political issue can be a salient signal of the firm's values, identity and reputation. In particular, it investigates how boycott participation–conceptualized as a cue of a corporation's stand on important social-political issues–may affect the stock market valuation of that corporation, as well as how corporations legitimise their stand on the issues.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a mixed-methods design that uses both qualitative techniques (content analysis) and quantitative methods (event study methodology) to examine a sample of US firms who participated in a boycott campaign that sought to call attention to issues of hate speech, misinformation and discriminatory content on social media platform Facebook.FindingsFindings from the qualitative content analysis of company statements show that firms legitimise their stand on, and participation in, the boycott by expressing altruistic values and suggesting to stakeholders that their stand aligns not only with organizational values/convictions but also with the greater social good. Importantly, the event study results show that firms who publicly announced their intention to participate in the boycott, on average, earn a statistically significant positive abnormal stock return of 2.68% in the four days immediately after their announcements.Research limitations/implicationsFindings relate to a specific case of a boycott campaign. Also, the sample size is limited and restricted to US stocks. The signalling value of corporate social advocacy actions may vary across countries due to institutional and cultural differences. Market reaction may also be different for issues that are more charged than the ones examined in this study. Therefore, future research might investigate other markets, use larger sample sizes and consider a broader range of social-political issues.Practical implicationsThe presence of significant stock price changes for firms that publicly announced their decision to side with activists on the issue of hate propaganda and misinformation offers potentially valuable insights on the timing of trades for investors and arbitrageurs. Insights from the study also provide a practical resource that can be used to inform organizations' decision-making about such issues.Social implicationsTaking the lead to push on social-political issues, such as hate propaganda, discrimination, among others, and communicating their stands in a way that speaks to their values and identity, could be rewarding for companies.Originality/valueThis study provides novel evidence on the impact that corporate stances on important social-political issues can have on stock market valuation of firms and therefore extends the existing related research which until now has focused on the impact on consumer purchasing intent and brand loyalty.
Women entrepreneurship and sustainable development: select case studies from the sustainable energy sector
Authors: Mahajan Ritika , Bandyopadhyay Kaushik Ranjan 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it discusses the role of entrepreneurship, in general, and women entrepreneurship, in particular, in advancing the cause of sustainable development. Future research directions that emerge from the body of knowledge that the paper relied upon have been identified. Second, it presents unique cases of eight women-led enterprises in energy sector spread across three continents, namely, Asia, Africa and the USA; identifies the constraints and opportunities, analyses the business models and their impact on the quality of life pointers to demonstrate the role of women-led enterprises in sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper combines a schematic review of literature at the interface of entrepreneurship and sustainable development coupled with select relevant case studies addressing the interface. The real-life case studies, which are consciously chosen and compiled from secondary data sources, complement and testify the insights drawn from the schematic literature review. The framework for analyzing the case studies is designed around multidimensional drivers and factors that steer the women-led enterprises.

Findings
The paper identified the need to look at entrepreneurship through the gendered lens not only for studying entrepreneurship as a discipline, in general, but also to gauge whether the inclusion of women as entrepreneurs is actually advancing the cause of sustainable development. Besides analyzing real-life case studies of accomplished women entrepreneurs to gauge their motivations and mindsets, the process of identification of pain points, identifying differentiating and innovative features, or studying the impact on society, economy and environment, the paper eventually created a schematic framework of key enablers, constraints and strategic response of women entrepreneurs.

Originality/value
Given the dearth of adequate theoretical and empirical contributions on the study of effectuation, mindsets and drivers of how women entrepreneurship steers the process of sustainable development, the paper is an endeavour in that direction.
Evolution of cold tolerance and thermal plasticity in life history, behaviour and physiology during a poleward range expansion
Authors: Carbonell José Antonio , Wang Ying‐Jie , Stoks Robby 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMany species that are moving polewards encounter novel thermal regimes to which they have to adapt. Therefore, rapid evolution of thermal tolerance and of thermal plasticity in fitness‐related traits in edge populations can be crucial for the success and speed of range expansions.We tested for adaptation in cold tolerance and in life history, behavioural and physiological traits and their thermal plasticity during a poleward range expansion.We reconstructed the thermal performance curves of life history (survival, growth and development rates), behaviour (food intake) and cold tolerance (chill coma recovery time) in the aquatic larval stage of the damselflyIschnura elegansthat is currently showing a poleward range expansion in northern Europe. We studied larvae from three edge and three core populations using a common‐garden experiment.Consistent with the colder annual temperatures, larvae at the expansion front evolved an improved cold tolerance. The edge populations showed no overall (across temperatures) evolution of a faster life history that would improve their range‐shifting ability. Moreover, consistent with damselfly edge populations from colder latitudes, edge populations evolved at the highest rearing temperature (28°C) a faster development rate, likely to better exploit the rare periods with higher temperatures. This was associated with a higher food intake and a lower metabolic rate.In conclusion, our results suggest that the edge populations rapidly evolved adaptive changes in trait means and thermal plasticity to the novel thermal conditions at the edge front. Our results highlight the importance of considering besides trait plasticity and the evolution of trait means, also the evolution of trait plasticity to improve forecasts of responses to climate change.
‘Viable but non‐culturable cells’ are dead
Authors: Song Sooyeon , Wood Thomas K. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryMost bacteria lead lives of quiet desperation, so they sleep. By sleeping, bacteria survive ubiquitous stress, such as antibiotics, and can resuscitate to reconstitute infections. As for other nearly universal and highly regulated processes such as biofilm formation, in persistence, a small population of cells have an elegantly‐regulated pathway to become dormant. By inactivating their ribosomes, persister cells sleep through stress and resuscitate once (i) the stress is removed, (ii) nutrients are presented and (iii) ribosome content reaches a threshold. During stress, cells often become spheroid and die, becoming hollow, membrane‐enclosed vessels. How cellular content is lost is unclear, but it is obvious that these ‘cell shells’ are dead; i.e., ‘There's no there there’. Critically, due to their intact membranes, the shells appear with membrane‐impenetrant stains as ‘viable’ particles. Unfortunately, the microbiology field of ‘viable but non‐culturable cells’ (VBNCs), though important for demonstrating the existence of dormant bacteria as a result of myriad stress states, has often mistaken these non‐viable shells as viable particles that mysteriously may be reborn, when an appropriate incantation is made. We argue here, based on experimental data, that if resuscitation occurs, it is the persister (always‐viable) cell population that revives, rather than the cell husks, which are dead.
Rethinking family (dis)engagement with augmentative & alternative communication
Authors: Doak Lauran 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAugmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) is a core component of special education for many children with learning disabilities and/or autism who have minimal or no speech. Much literature focuses on implementation of AAC in the classroom or therapy setting, but less is known about how AAC is used in the family home. Few studies are authored by an AAC parent/researcher with reflection on positionality, power and the advantages conferred by ‘insider’ status. This paper addresses this gap by exploring the perspectives of five families of minimally verbal children on the place of AAC in their child’s home communication. Semi‐structured family interviews were transcribed and subjected to Thematic Analysis. Formal AAC practices such as Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and Makaton were found to play a limited role in the children’s home communication. Findings indicate three possible explanations: the emotional and relationship‐building dimensions of family communication; the competing priorities of family life with a disabled child; and the child’s existing multimodal communication strategies including the use of household objects. These findings offer a preliminary starting point for understanding the emic perspectives of AAC families and reasons for their convergence/divergence with professional attitudes to AAC, and warrant further investigation in larger‐scale studies.
Early life investment in antlers and body growth reflects adult performance in roe deer population under supplementary feeding conditions
Authors: PELÁEZ Marta , SANUY Isabel , PERAL Juan Carlos , ESTEBAN José Luis Álvarez , LAVÍN Santiago , SERRANO Emmanuel , PEREA Ramón 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent research has challenged the idea that cervid antlers are such costly traits, supporting the assertion early‐life antler investment is an honest signal of adult phenotypic quality. However, inferences were made based on antler measurements while growing (velvet) and thus, studies on fully‐formed clean antlers are needed to avoid possible bias caused by the inter‐individual variation in antler growth phenology. We studied a semi‐captive population of European roe deer inhabiting a sub‐Mediterranean area (Valsemana research station) and living under optimal conditions (ad libitum food supply and veterinary care). Based on repeated measurements taken from 146 individuals, we assessed whether allocation to secondary sexual traits during early life affected body mass or antler development during adulthood. Furthermore, we evaluated which body measurements better predicted future male quality. Additionally, using 488 individuals, we described age‐class‐specific variation in male body measurements and assessed the decline in antler size between adult and senescent stages (i.e. magnitude of senescence). Results agree with the assertion that there is no negative effect of a high investment in antler during early life on adult antler size or body mass, but we suggest the use of clean antlers as a more robust and reliable measure. The variables that better predicted body mass during adulthood were yearling body mass and body size at 6 months. Antler score between 10 and 18 months resulted in the best indicator of adult antler size. Finally, we support the idea that the magnitude of senescence in antler size is smaller in environments with higher resource availability during winter.
Thoracoscopic intrapericardial lingular segmentectomy for advanced lung cancer following immunotherapy
Authors: Chou Andre , Chou Shah Hwa , Liu Yu‐Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVery little data exists on salvage surgery in previously unresectable or metastatic disease treated with initial immunotherapy. Only a handful of case reports/series regarding surgery for advanced lung cancer after immunotherapy mention the technical challenges involved. We report the case of a 67‐year‐old female with a left lung squamous cell lung cancer revealed by computed tomography‐guided biopsy. Treatment started with chemotherapy followed by immunotherapy in which a partial response was recorded. Subsequent salvage lingulectomy with the thoracoscopic approach was performed. The patient fully recovered and shows no sign of recurrence at follow‐up 16 months on. Our case discusses the surgical tactics involved in the procedure, highlights similar findings encountered in the literature, and contributes to the few reports therein.
Localized control of opportunistic, overabundant species in protected areas: a retrospective modelling approach encompassing future scenarios
Authors: Pinto Eva , Bastos Rita , Luís António , Cabral João Alexandre 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe yellow‐legged gull (Larus michahellis) is an opportunistic seabird species, whose worldwide demographic increase in the second half of the 20th century was associated to anthropogenic activities, such as the proliferation of open‐air dumps in urban coastal areas. In the small Berlengas archipelago (Peniche, Portugal), the species breeding population reached about 44,000 individuals in 1994, representing a severe ecological pressure in this Biosphere Reserve. In an attempt to control this overpopulation, management actions were implemented in the area, namely, the culling of breeding adults and later egg destruction campaigns. Although the population has been decreasing in recent years, it is unknown how much of this reduction is due to management actions since the closure of open‐air dumps in Portugal might also have influenced the yellow‐legged gull population trends. We developed a dynamic model to test pertinent explanatory hypotheses for this problem, taking into account retrospective population trends under alternative contexts of food availability and management actions. The model was also used to predict population growth patterns under future management scenarios. Our results show that, despite contributing to reduce birds local abundance, egg destruction alone would not be able to trigger the population decrease observed in the last two decades. Instead, the permanent closure of open‐air dumps in 2001 was likely the major driver for the species local decline. In the current context of restricted anthropogenic food sources, our study also suggests that the tendency of the population is to naturally decline. Thus, continuing fertility control campaigns can compromise the future viability of the yellow‐legged gull population on the Berlengas Natural Reserve. Our study highlights the interplay between model‐based research and ecological monitoring to test the effectiveness of ongoing management programmes and to anticipate the ecological consequences of future control of native species.
Proposing the inclusion of dental anatomy and trauma in the general medical curriculum
Authors: Yeng Thai , O’Sullivan Anthony J. , Shulruf Boaz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMany medical doctors are not confident in managing traumatic dental injuries (TDI). This is probably due to a lack of education and training in dental trauma. The existence of inadequate TDI knowledge by doctors should provide the catalyst to establish a dental anatomy and trauma course within the medical curriculum.
Risk factors and clinical outcomes of extrahepatic recurrence in patients with post‐hepatectomy recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Jing , Huang Liang , Liu Caifeng , Qiu Maixuan , Yan Jianjun , Yan Yiqun , Wei Shaohua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundExtrahepatic recurrence remains a major obstacle to an improved prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing hepatectomy.MethodsFrom January 2001 to December 2014, we screened 1330 consecutive patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HCC. Patients who experienced recurrence were enrolled in this study and divided into an extrahepatic recurrence (EHR) group and a pure intrahepatic recurrence (IHR) group. Clinical data and follow‐up results were retrospectively collected and analysed.ResultsA total of 556 patients were enrolled (EHR, 52; IHR, 504). In the EHR group, the lung was the most common site of extrahepatic recurrence (53.8%), among which 67.3% had associated intrahepatic lesions. Background Hepatitis B (HR 0.282; 95% CI 0.106–0.752; P = 0.011), tumour size ≥10 cm at initial diagnosis (HR 2.679; 95% CI 1.283–5.596; P = 0.009) and blood transfusion during initial surgery (HR 2.218; 95% CI 1.132–4.346; P = 0.020) were predictive of EHR. A multidisciplinary team treated recurrent HCC. After a median follow‐up period of 46 months (range, 24–192 months), the 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival rates in the EHR group were 60.7%, 8.9% and 0%, respectively, after recurrence, and 78.8%, 30.2% and 8.9%, respectively, after initial surgery, which were much lower than those in the IHR group.ConclusionTumour size ≥10 cm and blood transfusion during initial surgery were predictive of extrahepatic recurrence in patients with post‐hepatectomy recurrent HCC. Treatment options were limited, and long‐term survival was unsatisfactory.
Rationalizing post‐operative prophylactic anticoagulation in reconstructive head and neck cancer patients: a review
Authors: Cevik Jevan , Middleton Rory , Ramakrishnan Anand , Cabalag Miguel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMicrosurgical reconstructive head and neck cancer patients are at high risk of venous thromboembolism. The use of anticoagulation can reduce their risk; however, this also increases their bleeding risk. It is not clear whether the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks, and whether a specific post‐operative anticoagulation regime is superior. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence pertaining to the risks and benefits of post‐operative anticoagulation and to provide a rationale for its use in head and neck cancer patients receiving free flaps. The secondary aim was to determine the optimal post‐operative anticoagulation regimen. A search was conducted in the PubMed and EMBASE databases identifying studies reporting venous thromboembolism rates in reconstructive head and neck cancer patients undergoing free flaps. These studies were reviewed for their eligibility. Outcomes measured were rates of venous thromboembolism, bleeding‐related and microsurgical complications. A total of 306 studies were found from the search with another seven studies identified from citations of key articles. After assessment, nine studies were included. Venous thromboembolism rates ranged from 0.5% to 7% and the rates of bleeding‐related complications ranged from 2.4% up to 29%. Anticoagulation appears to lower the risk of venous thromboembolism in this patient group, but also increases the bleeding risk. Risk stratification using the Caprini risk assessment model can help surgeons make decisions. For patients with cancer, low molecular weight heparin appears to be superior to heparin given twice daily but equal to heparin given three times daily and the bleeding risk of each medication appears similar.