bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of different electric vehicle configurations in terms of energy consumption
Authors: Rențea C , Bățăuș M , Maican S , Oprean M , Frățilă G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to respect the new fleet-wide average emission regulations, recent studies show that car manufacturers produce an increased number of electric vehicles.
For improving the dynamic performances of an electric vehicle while maintaining a low energy consumption, different solutions are used, such as the multi-speed transmission, or the continuously variable transmission (CVT). Another solution more advantageous than other EV typologies consists of a dual motor two speed direct drive, that implies each motor being connected with the final drive through a separate gear. The aim of this paper is to analyse the energy consumption and the overall transmission performance in different test cycles for a middle class with different configurations. The study was carried out by developing a model in a performant simulation environment. The obtained simulation results from the chosen configuration are compared in different test cycles in terms of energy consumption ratio (ECR) and vehicle speed fluctuation (VSF) with the ones from a direct drive EV and a two-gear transmission EV.
Entropy-parametric control of stochastic system
Authors: Polosin V G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper contains material about controlled methods of stochastic systems. The article considers the features of establishing control over a stochastic system, which are found when using parametric and informational criteria. It is proposed to use the potential of the Renyi entropy when building control over a complex multilevel system. The possibility of combining entropy and parametric criteria to increase the stability of control over the system is discussed.
Control and management of the operating modes of batteries with the use of magnetic modulation converters
Authors: Ataullayev N , Ataullayev A , Karimtoshovich S M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
On the proposed DCMC based on magneto transistor multivibrators with PWM in self-contained power supplies with buffer storage batteries for rated currents significantly exceeding the current value and will require some complication of the circuit of its prototype. The proposed DC / DC measuring transducer achieves exactly the same result as in its prototype, but only without the participation of the trigger and divider in the circuit. The exclusion of the trigger and divider elements from the circuit of the proposed device simplifies its design and increases its elemental reliability.
Methods for improving accuracy in measuring deviations from roundness and cylindricity
Authors: Barbashov N N , Chetvernin M Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The problem of improving the technical level and quality of industrial products is now one of the most important tasks. The performance of machining workstation, machines and instruments depends on the quality of production of parts and assemblies and the accuracy of their connections. Precision parameters play a special role in machine tool construction and instrumental production of parts for the aerospace industry. In machines, the value of the torque transmitted by the spindle of the metal cutting machine to the tool, the durability of roller conical bearings, as well as the tightness of connections, the strength of press fits, the correctness of centering on conical surfaces, the accuracy of kinematic pairs and circuits, especially in the spindles of precision CNC machines, which significantly affects the quality of the manufactured products.
Analysis of almost-periodic and almost-proportional characteristics of a representative sample local minima time series
Authors: Paramonov A A , Kuzmin V I , Dzerjinsky R I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The methods’ problem for analyzing nonlinear oscillations is now a general scientific and fundamental one, especially in the information systems field with a data large amount. In this paper, the analysis is carried out on an exchange data test example to identify hidden connections, general patterns, trends and fluctuations. Based on the analysis results, it is expected to reveal the desired ergodic dependence, as well as the data behaviour distinctive features in the almost-periods and near-proportions identified areas.
Multifunctional anemometric microsystem based on silicon carbide
Authors: Evstigneev D A , Karachinov V A , Karachinov D V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The results of optical methods for diagnostics of hot gas flows from an image are presented, taking into account the features of TV diagnostics of hot gas flows. The design of the SIC - universal anemometric Microsystem (UAMS) was proposed and investigated, and mathematical and thermal models of the pendulum - Microsystem were presented. A series of calculations and simulations were performed to estimate the degree of influence of temperature, gas flow velocity, and spatial orientation of the probe on the temperature field in it. It is shown that according to the conducted research, the gas flow rate has a very weak effect on the temperature distribution in the selected directions in the pendulum - Microsystem. For example, when the pendulum was longitudinally blown with air, the maximum temperature difference did not exceed 0.1 K. This indicates a high stability of the characteristics of the pendulum-SIC Microsystem.
The pragmatism of applied temperature analysis to determine the rolling parameters under thermal exposure
Authors: Agafonova D V , Mikheev V A , Doroshko G P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The main trend in the development of space materials is the creation of such aluminum alloys, which have a perfect set of characteristics and are capable of providing high performance characteristics of aerospace assemblies. The main direction of the scientific research is the pragmatism of the theory of temperature analysis for determining the parameters of rolling of an aluminum alloy by bringing to a discrete state during isothermal heating. Then it becomes possible to assess the response of the sample material to a change in the temperature of both the internal distribution and the establishment of regularities of materials. Analysis of the kinetic curves and scanning results is performed sequentially, inseparably from each other, obtaining a vivid picture of internal changes in the sample when the external temperature changes.
Adaptive interference compensation method
Authors: Samoylov A G , Samoylov S A , Nasir S A X , Al Tahar I A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the consideration of the method of adaptive compensation of interference to information transmission systems using space-time coding technology. When such systems use two or more antennas for transmitting information and the same number of antennas for receiving, it becomes possible to compensate for interference signals. The investigated compensation method is based on the introduction of adaptive filters into each of the input channels of the information transmission system. Adaptive filters are tuned to the process of the mixture of the useful signal and interference so that after the processing the sum of the interference components at the output of the compensator is minimized, and the useful signal does not deteriorate on average. The expressions that determine the algorithm of the adaptive noise compensator are given. The compensator for interference signals coming from a powerful airfield radar was built for the ground radio relay communication system with double antenna spacing. It has been shown experimentally that the compensator suppresses radio impulse interference from 30 to 40 decibels in different frequency channels of the microwave link.
Neuroevolution of augmented topologies with difference-based mutation
Authors: Stanovov V , Akhmedova Sh , Semenkin E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study proposes the modification of the neuroevolution of augmented topologies, namely the difference-based mutation operator. The difference-based mutation changes the weights of the neural network by combining the weights of several other networks at the position of the connections having same innovation numbers. The implemented neuroevolution algorithm allows backward connections and loops in the topology, and uses several mutation operators, including connections deletion. The algorithm is tested on a set of classification problems and a rotary inverted pendulum problem and compared to the same approach without difference-based mutation. The experimental results show that the proposed weight tuning scheme allows significant improvements of classification quality in several cases and finding better control algorithms.
Hybrid approach to the dynamic systems identification based on the self-configuring genetic programming algorithm and the differential evolution method
Authors: Karaseva T S , Semenkina O E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper considers a hybrid approach to the identification of dynamical systems based on a self-configuring genetic programming algorithm and a differential evolution method. The value of this approach is in the automatic determination of the order, structure and parameters of differential equation, i.e., a model of a dynamic system. The application of the differential evolution method can significantly increase the accuracy of the resulting model confirmed by the results of the experiments presented in this paper.
Neural network data processing for financial insolvency fore-casting of the water supply enterprises
Authors: Krylov G O , Vorobeva A S , Nikolaeva M V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This work is devoted to creation of neural network methods with the increased stability and reliability for bankruptcy forecasting. In this paper, we investigate the performance of four different neural network (NN) methods for bankruptcy prediction of the resource provisioning system enterprises. Two methods based on NN-ensembles of classifiers (boosting-ensembles and bagging-ensembles) and another two tested methods are stand-alone classifiers (multilayer perceptron (MLP) and network of radial basic functions). We defined that bagging-ensembles of neural networks have advantage in comparison with classical - stand-alone classifiers. Developed bagging-ensemble of neural networks is currently used to the sphere of financial monitoring for identification of signs of financial insolvency of the water supply enterprises and assessment of risk of social tension in regions.
The use of information technologies in diagnosing heat exchangers of transportation equipment in operation
Authors: Poslavsky A P , Sorokin V V , Khludenev A V , Tokareva M A , Fadeev A A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The problems of determining the technical condition of transport equipment heat exchangers in operation are considered. A method is proposed enabling to diagnose radiators with simulated heat load at a specialized stand, which allows determining the current value of the most important characteristic of a heat exchanger - heat transfer, which characterizes the degree of operability of heat transfer surfaces in specific operating conditions.
The LoRaWAN link budget for UWB anchors data management
Authors: Krasnov T V , Sharshavin P V , Baturin T N , Kudinov D S , Tokarev R I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Ultra-wideband positioning systems are widely used in such safety-critical industries as underground mining, open pit mining, metallurgy and others. The network of UWB anchors becomes large due to harsh industrial environment, making deployment time-consuming. In order to collect range measurement data and transmit it to the management server it is proposed to use the LoRa technology, allowing the UWB anchors be wireless and delivering robust deployment of the integrated system.
Analysis and application of engineering data in the STEP file format
Authors: Razumowsky A I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The method for encoding graphic data using the STEP standard was considered. This standard allows you to describe the full life cycle of a product from design to quality control. The possibilities have been investigated for transmission and transformation of STEP data. The order was analyzed for storage and synthesis of data based on dividing a software graph into subgraphs of local algorithms. There was an algorithm developed for syntactic analysis of STEP file format data, and software implemented for displaying graphic information, which allows you to control 3D visualization of machine-building parts.
Design and process features of CMOS SOI transistors with increased tolerance to the total dose
Authors: Lagaev D A , Klyuchnikov A S , Shelepin N A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper considers methods to improve integrated circuits’ tolerance based on the SOI CMOS technology to total dose radiation. The main effects that occur in SOI CMOS transistors as a result of radiation response with the VLSI are discussed. The final part of the work demonstrated the main methods that make it possible to increase the radiation hardness of ICs based on the SOI CMOS technology. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique will be discussed. The prospects for developing microelectronics products with increased tolerance to external influences will be analyzed under constant process node scaling.
Application of the flicker noise filtering algorithm by changing the modulation frequency in an acousto-optic spectrum analyzer
Authors: Tryapitsyn V L , Kruglov S K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the noise characteristics of the system for collecting data and processing spectral signals in an ozonometer. Low-frequency flicker noise introduces significant distortions into the useful signal path. In order to reduce low-frequency flicker noise, a method was developed based on the use of modulation of the useful signal at the output of the acousto-optic spectrum analyzer with a certain frequency. This method creates an artificial filter. The choice of the modulation frequency determines the frequency response of this filter. It is necessary to choose it such that the maximum signal attenuation is in the low frequency region, where the influence of flicker noise is strong. In this work, a noise signal was simulated using the Matlab environment and its filtering by changing the modulation frequency of the synthesized signal.
A method for measuring electromagnetic and geometric parameters of thin films
Authors: Skvortsov B V , Zhivonosnovskaya D M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We propose for a method of non-contact real-time measuring of electrical conductivity, permittivity and permeability of materials by probing the surface being measured with a pulsed or continuous signal, as well as theoretical foundation of the above method. An example of the engineering implementation of a device providing for measuring using both types of probing signals is described. We consider the errors of the developed methods emerging in the process of solving the system of nonlinear equations, as well as the ways to improve measuring accuracy. A comparative study of the types of probing signals demonstrated that a pulse signal type is the most versatile, as it is possible to optimize the measuring process by adjusting the pulse’s shape and duration. However, processing of a reflected pulse signal requires more computational power when compared a continuous probe signal.
Development of a personal identification technique for automation systems
Authors: Chastikova V A , Zherlitsyn S A , Volya Y I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The given article considers the development of a personal identification technique based on the mechanism of scanning and analyzing such biometric parameter as a vein pattern of the palm for automation access control systems. A number of problems characteristic of the existing approaches to solving the given problem have been formulated and the operation analysis of the main ones has been carried out. A mechanism for reading a vein pattern of the palm, as well as three methods for further analysis of the referred biometrics and personal identification: a method based on a categorical classification, a method based on a binary classification, and a combined method have been developed. The resulting architecture of the neural network for the categorical classification of the vein pattern has been built and a method for calculating the number of the model parameters depending on the number of the registered subjects has been obtained. Based on the results of the research, experimental measurements of the system operation accuracy have been made while implementing the mentioned methods. The system based on a binary classification has demonstrated the highest accuracy; however applying a combined approach allows improving the obtained result.
Interference immunity in channels with random phase and fading when using orthogonal coding and frequency modulation
Authors: Rabin A V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In digital data transmission systems, it is proposed to use additional orthogonal coding along with error-correcting coding. The combined use of both types of coding can provide significant energy gains compared to using only error-correcting codes. Orthogonal coding is analogous to convolutional coding over the field of rational numbers, allows to provide the required transmission quality at lower energy costs. The energy gain in the signal-to-noise ratio, obtained through more efficient use of the energy of the transmitted signals, is achieved without increasing the complexity of the transmitting and receiving devices. Encoding and decoding devices that implement orthogonal encoding and decoding operations can be used to ensure information security in communication systems.
Laser wavelengths selection for remote monitoring of propane leaks
Authors: Fedotov Yu V , Belov M L , Titarenko K S , Gorodnichev V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Absorption spectra of propane and main atmospheric gases have been analysed in the spectral band around 3.3 µm. It has been shown that a pair of the sensing wavelengths, namely 3.370 µm (that corresponds to the maximum of propane absorption) and 3.570 µm, is appropriate, but this is not the best option. In terms of minimising measurement errors of propane concentration a pair of 3.465 µm and 3.569 µm wavelengths is optimal. The relative concentration errors of propane for this pair of the wavelengths are appreciably less.
Study of efficiency of application of locally reinforced fitting units with stiffening ribs
Authors: Fairushin A M , Tokarev A S , Karetnikov D V , Zaripov M Z 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work, one of the main methods of strengthening the hole in the apparatus is considered - strengthening with overhead rings, the advantages and disadvantages of using reinforcing rings are indicated. An analysis of the main methods of strengthening the openings of pressure vessels and devices shows that the difficulties in designing and installing the reinforcing rings are in the technology of assembly, detection of weld defects and detection of the local location of this defect. The work shows the possibilities of using locally rib-reinforced nozzle assemblies, which in some cases can serve as an alternative to reinforcing rings, and are also more technological in manufacture, repair and control. Calculations show that the use of two stiffening ribs oriented along the generatrix of the shell to strengthen the hole allows reducing stresses in the area of welding of the nozzle to the body of the apparatus under static load. Practical experiments carried out at the same time showed that in conditions of dynamic loading, it is categorically not recommended to use the strengthening of the nozzle with local stiffening ribs oriented along the generatrix of the shell.
Prospects for using combined low-power fluidized bed installations for heat supply of departmental and municipal facilities
Authors: Bondarev A V , Sarkisov S V , Aleksandrov S V , Pashkin S B , Vakunenkov V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article presents the scheme and principle of operation of a combined fluidized bed unit with re-utilization of heat from exhaust gases of a diesel generator and indicates the requirements for the functioning and operation of these types of installations. It presents theoretical and experimental graphs of the required volumes of air replacement with diesel exhaust gases in nominal and fractional modes, fuel economy, transients of changes in the fluidized bed temperature from time to time when various disturbing effects are applied.
Factors associated with initiation of bone-health medication among older adults in primary care in Ireland
Authors: Walsh Mary E , Nerdrum Mari , Fahey Tom , Moriarty Frank 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Adults at high risk of fragility fracture should be offered pharmacological treatment when not contraindicated, however, under-treatment is common.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate factors associated with bone-health medication initiation in older patients attending primary care.

Design
This was a retrospective cohort study.

Setting
The study used data from forty-four general practices in Ireland from 2011–2017.

Subjects
The study included adults aged ≥ 65 years who were naïve to bone-health medication for 12 months.

Methods
Overall fracture-risk (based on QFracture) and individual fracture-risk factors were described for patients initiated and not initiated onto medication and compared using generalised linear model regression with the Poisson distribution.

Results
Of 36,799 patients (51% female, mean age 75.4 (SD = 8.4)) included, 8% (n = 2,992) were observed to initiate bone-health medication during the study. One-fifth of all patients (n = 8,193) had osteoporosis or had high fracture-risk but only 21% of them (n = 1,687) initiated on medication. Female sex, older age, state-funded health cover and osteoporosis were associated with initiation. Independently of osteoporosis and co-variates, high 5-year QFracture risk for hip (IRR = 1.33 (95% CI = 1.17–1.50), P &lt; 0.01) and all fractures (IRR = 1.30 (95% CI = 1.17–1.44), P &lt; 0.01) were associated with medication initiation. Previous fracture, rheumatoid arthritis and corticosteroid use were associated with initiation, while liver, kidney, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy showed an inverse association.

Conclusions
Bone-health medication initiation is targeted at patients at higher fracture-risk but much potential under-treatment remains, particularly in those &gt;80 years and with co-morbidities. This may reflect clinical uncertainty in older multimorbid patients, and further research should explore decision-making in preventive bone medication prescribing.