bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on the permeability of crushed coal medium based on the Ergun equation
Authors: Pang Mingkun , Zhang Tianjun , Meng Yukai , Ling Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAccurate determination of the permeability of crushed coal medium is the basis for the study of their permeability characteristics. To investigate the permeability characteristics of this special porous medium composed of crushed coal particles, the permeability parameters of crushed coal specimens of different initial porosities were measured by designing a lateral-limit compression seepage test system. Parameters were determined separately for specimens of different initial porosities. (1) the Reynolds number distribution region characterising the seepage state was determined and obtained. Specimens with initial porosity distribution between 0.02 and 0.08, and seepage Reynolds number distribution in the low-permeability zone, under Darcy flow; (2) the intrinsic permeability of the crushed coal medium was obtained by using the Ergun equation. The complex inverse proportional relationship between the drag coefficient and Reynolds number was derived; (3) Through the determination of the permeability of the crushed coal medium, the mean value of βK value was obtained to be about 45.7, and the analysis of the permeability of porous medium can determine its critical permeability. The relationship between the Forchheimer number Fo and critical Reynolds number was measured. The results indicate that it conforms to a linear distribution. In-depth analysis of these two parameters can be used to explore the flow transition process between laminar, transition, and turbulent flow. This study provides insight into the permeability characteristics of the media in fractured coal bodies.
Vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes in diabetic macular edema response to ranibizumab—retinal layers thickness as prognostic biomarkers
Authors: Pessoa Bernardete , Leite João , Heitor João , Coelho João , Monteiro Sérgio , Coelho Constança , Figueira João , Meireles Angelina , Melo-Beirão João Nuno 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the role of the vitreous in the management of diabetic macular edema with ranibizumab intravitreal injections in a pro re nata regimen. Prospective study of 50 consecutive eyes with diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab and 12 months of follow-up. Primary endpoint: to assess differences between non-vitrectomized and vitrectomized eyes in the number injections needed to control the edema. Secondary endpoints: comparison of groups regarding best corrected visual acuity, central foveal thickness and thickness of seven retinal layers. 46 eyes from 38 patients, 10 vitrectomized and 36 non-vitrectomized, completed the follow-up. At month 12, the two groups achieved an equivalent anatomical outcome and needed a similar number of ranibizumab intravitreal injections. In vitrectomized eyes final visual acuity was worse when baseline retinal nerve fiber layers in the central foveal subfield were thicker, showing a strong correlation (r = − 0.942, p < 0.001). A similar, albeit moderate correlation was observed in non-vitrectomized eyes (r = − 0.504, p = 0.002). A decrease of retinal nerve fiber layers inner ring thickness was correlated with a better final visual acuity only in vitrectomized eyes (r = 0.734, p = 0.016). The effect of diabetic macular edema seems to be worse in vitrectomized eyes, with a thinner inner retina reservoir.Clinicaltrials.govNCT04387604.
Radioecological and geochemical peculiarities of cryoconite on Novaya Zemlya glaciers
Authors: Miroshnikov Alexey , Flint Mikhail , Asadulin Enver , Aliev Ramiz , Shiryaev Andrei , Kudikov Arsenii , Khvostikov Vladimir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn recent years, cryoconite has received growing attention from a radioecological point of view, since several studies have shown that this material is extremely efficient in accumulating natural and anthropogenic radionuclides. The Novaya Zemlya Archipelago (Russian Arctic) hosts the second largest glacial system in the Arctic. From 1957 to 1962, numerous atmospheric nuclear explosions were conducted at Novaya Zemlya, but to date, very little is known about the radioecology of its ice cap. Analysis of radionuclides and other chemical elements in cryoconite holes on Nalli Glacier reveals the presence of two main zones at different altitudes that present different radiological features. The first zone is 130–210 m above sea level (a.s.l.), has low radioactivity, high concentrations of lithophile elements and a chalcophile content close to that of upper continental crust clarkes. The second zone (220–370 m a.s.l.) is characterized by high activity levels of radionuclides and “inversion” of geochemical behaviour with lower concentrations of lithophiles and higher chalcophiles. In the upper part of this zone (350–370 m a.s.l.), 137Cs activity reaches the record levels for Arctic cryoconite (5700–8100 Bq/kg). High levels of Sn, Sb, Bi and Ag, significantly exceeding those of upper continental crust clarkes, also appear here. We suggest that a buried layer of contaminated ice that formed during atmospheric nuclear tests serves as a local secondary source of radionuclide contamination. Its melting is responsible for the formation of this zone.
An operational approach to forecast the Earth’s radiation belts dynamics
Authors: Bernoux Guillerme , Brunet Antoine , Buchlin Éric , Janvier Miho , Sicard Angélica 
Published: November 2021

The Ca index is a time-integrated geomagnetic index that correlates well with the dynamics of high-energy electron fluxes in the outer radiation belts. Therefore, Ca can be used as an indicator for the state of filling of the radiation belts for those electrons. Ca also has the advantage of being a ground-based measurement with extensive historical records. In this work, we propose a data-driven model to forecast Ca up to 24 h in advance from near-Earth solar wind parameters. Our model relies mainly on a recurrent neural network architecture called Long Short Term Memory that has shown good performances in forecasting other geomagnetic indices in previous papers. Most implementation choices in this study were arbitrated from the point of view of a space system operator, including the data selection and split, the definition of a binary classification threshold, and the evaluation methodology. We evaluate our model (against a linear baseline) using both classical and novel (in the space weather field) measures. In particular, we use the Temporal Distortion Mix (TDM) to assess the propensity of two time series to exhibit time lags. We also evaluate the ability of our model to detect storm onsets during quiet periods. It is shown that our model has high overall accuracy, with evaluation measures deteriorating in a smooth and slow trend over time. However, using the TDM and binary classification forecast evaluation metrics, we show that the forecasts lose some of their usefulness in an operational context even for time horizons shorter than 6 h. This behaviour was not observable when evaluating the model only with metrics such as the root-mean-square error or the Pearson linear correlation. Considering the physics of the problem, this result is not surprising and suggests that the use of more spatially remote data (such as solar imaging) could improve space weather forecasts.
Lokale Tumorablation und Selektive Interne Radiotherapie für Patienten mit Metastasierten Neuroendokrinen Tumoren – Interventionelle Tumortherapieverfahren
Authors: Puhr-Westerheide Daniel , Ilhan Harun , Seidensticker Max 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Eindämmung und Tumorkontrolle von Lebermetastasen ist von entscheidender Bedeutung für das Überleben von Patienten mit metastasierten Malignomen unterschiedlicher Entitäten, insbesondere auch bei neuroendokrinen Tumoren (NETs). Lokal ablative und lokoregionäre therapeutische Verfahren stellen sichere und effektive Therapieoptionen zur Behandlung von Lebermetastasen dar. In den aktuellen ENETS Konsensus-Leitlinien werden interventionelle Tumortherapien bei NET-Lebermetastasen in verschiedenen Situationen vorgeschlagen. Der Werkzeugkasten der lokalen (Thermoablation und lokale Radiotherapie) und der lokoregionären (selektive interne Radioembolisation (SIRT) und Chemoembolisation (TACE)) Verfahren bietet maßgeschneiderte Therapien für Patienten in unterschiedlichen Tumorstadien – von kurativen Therapieansätzen bis hin zur palliativen Symptomlinderung. Diese Übersichtsarbeit erläutert die vorhandenen Therapieoptionen, skizziert die Risiken der einzelnen Verfahren, stellt die aktuelle Evidenzlage vor und gibt eine Rationale an die Hand, welches therapeutische Verfahren in welcher klinischen Situation zu bevorzugen ist.
Theranostische Liganden: Aktuelle und zukünftige Anwendungen
Authors: Pabst Kim M. , Bartel Timo , Kessler Lukas , Umutlu Lale , Herrmann Ken , Fendler Wolfgang P. 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungTheranostische Liganden sind niedermolekulare oder Träger-gebundene Radiopharmaka, die sowohl in der bildgebenden Diagnostik als auch in der Radionuklidtherapie überwiegend zur Behandlung verschiedener Tumorentitäten eingesetzt werden. Eine Vielzahl theranostischer Radiopharmaka, wie bspw. 177Lu-DOTATATE für die Peptid-Radiorezeptor-Therapie (PRRT), werden bereits erfolgreich klinisch eingesetzt. Weitere Liganden werden in Zukunft Einzug in die klinische Routine halten und möglicherweise neue therapeutische Optionen für Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen bieten.Ziel dieses Übersichtsartikels ist es, die Wertigkeit der theranostischen Liganden als Behandlungsmöglichkeit bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Tumorerkrankungen darzustellen. Des Weiteren soll ein Überblick über zukünftige therapeutische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten verschiedener neuer Liganden und Radioisotope gegeben werden.
Enhancement of hydrogen radical density in atmospheric pressure plasma jet by a burst of nanosecond pulses at 1 MHz
Authors: Huang Bangdou , Zhang Cheng , Sun Hao , Sorokin Dmitry A , Tarasenko Victor F , Shao Tao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The generation and enhancement of active species in non-thermal plasmas are always decisive issues with respect to their successful applications. In this work, an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) is generated in Ar + 1% CH4 gas flow by a bipolar nanosecond high-voltage (HV) source with a maximum pulse repetition rate up to 1 MHz (i.e. minimum pulse interval ΔT = 1 μs) in burst mode. The absolute density of hydrogen atom at ground state is measured by the two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence method. It is observed that with ΔT = 1 μs, the H atom density keeps increasing during the first eight HV pulses and later on, the H atom density is maintained at a quasi-stable value while more HV pulses are applied. When decreasing ΔT from 10 to 1 μs, while keeping the total number of HV pulses the same (with similar coupled energy), the peak H atom density increases by a factor of more than four times, but the decay of H atom density after the pulse burst with ΔT = 1 μs is faster. Another effect of short ΔT is to extend the axial distribution of the H atom outside the APPJ’s nozzle, and the ΔT = 2 μs case has the highest averaged H atom density when taking its temporal evolution and axial distribution into consideration. In this work, we propose that the intensive nanosecond HV burst is an efficient approach to enhance the active species density in non-thermal plasmas when a rapid response is required.
Interface scattering dominated carrier transport in hysteresis-free amorphous InGaZnO thin film transistors with high-k HfAlO gate dielectrics by atom layer deposition
Authors: Huang Ting , Zhang Yan , Liu Haonan , Tao Ruiqiang , Luo Chunlai , Li Yushan , Chang Cheng , Lu Xubing , Minari Takeo , Liu Junming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, we systematically investigated the carrier transport of hysteresis-free amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFTs) incorporating high-k (HfO2)
x
(Al2O3)
y
gate dielectrics with different composition and permittivity by atomic layer deposition. A dielectric surface morphology dominated interface scattering carrier transport mechanism is demonstrated, and the effect of the dielectric polarization and the interface states on the carrier mobility is discovered in TFT devices gated by high quality dielectrics with negligible charge trap effect. Accordingly, an a-IGZO TFT gated by (HfO2)0.5(Al2O3)0.5 dielectric with the smoothest surface exhibits the best performance in terms of a preferable field-effect mobility of 18.35 cm2 V−1 s−1, a small subthreshold swing of 0.105 V decade−1, a high on/off current ratio of 4.6
×
106, and excellent stability under positive bias stress.
Constraining modified gravity with quantum optomechanics
Authors: Qvarfort Sofia , Rätzel Dennis , Stopyra Stephen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We derive the best possible bounds that can be placed on Yukawa- and chameleon-like modifications to the Newtonian gravitational potential with a cavity optomechanical quantum sensor. By modelling the effects on an oscillating source-sphere on the optomechanical system from first-principles, we derive the fundamental sensitivity with which these modifications can be detected in the absence of environmental noise. In particular, we take into account the large size of the optomechanical probe compared with the range of the fifth forces that we wish to probe and quantify the resulting screening effect when both the source and probe are spherical. Our results show that optomechanical systems in high vacuum could, in principle, further constrain the parameters of chameleon-like modifications to Newtonian gravity.
Search for the Metal-weak Thick Disk from the LAMOST DR5
Authors: Yan Tai-Sheng , Shi Jian-Rong , Tian Hao , Zhang Wei , Zhang Bo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Based on the data release of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope survey (LAMOST DR5) and the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3), we construct a sample containing 46,109 giant (log g ≤ 3.5 dex) stars with heliocentric distance d ≤ 4 kpc, and the sample is further divided into two groups of the inner (R
GC < 8.34 kpc) and outer region (R
GC > 8.34 kpc). The L
Z distributions of our program stars in the panels with different [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] suggest that the thick-disk consists of two distinct components with different chemical compositions and kinematic properties. For the inner region, the metal-weak thick disk (MWTD) significantly contributes when [α/Fe] > +0.2 dex and [Fe/H] < −0.8 dex, while the canonical thick-disk (TD) dominates when [Fe/H] > −0.8 dex. However, MWTD clearly appears only when [α/Fe] > +0.2 dex and [Fe/H] < −1.2 dex for the outer region, and its proportion is lower than that of the inner region within the same metallicity. Similar results can be obtained from the V

ϕ
distribution. The higher fraction of MWTD in the inner region than that in the outer region implies that MWTD may form in the inner disk, and is observational evidence about the inside-out disk formation scenario.
Analysis of Site Selection and Design Example of Spoil Ground
Authors: Zhang Liheng , He Yi , Chen Jie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As an auxiliary project of engineering construction, spoil ground is often not given enough attention. Unreasonable spoiled materials not only have negative impacts on the local natural environment, but also generate the risk of secondary disasters. The selection and design of spoil ground is an important part of earthwork. And thus it is necessary to select the site of spoil ground reasonably and carefully and carry out detailed design of spoil, protection and flood drainage. First of all, the basic selection principles of spoil ground were discussed in this paper. Then, combined with the spoil ground design of the Heat and Power Cogeneration Power Workshop Project in Zhenfeng County's Coal, Electricity and Metallurgical Integration Industrial Park, the author presented elaboration of the technical key points of site selection, slope stability, blocking engineering and flood drainage system of large-scale spoil ground. The analysis in this paper can be used as a reference for similar spoil ground design.
Research and application progress of deep ocean water industry in the United States
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Hao Xiaocui , Wu Dan , Guo Shuyuan , Gao Chunjuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Firstly, Hawaii as the main source of water exploitation for deep ocean water (DOW) in the United States was described. And the main methods of collecting DOW were also introduced. Then, the development of DOW in the US from the stage of direct utilization to that of multistep utilization was discussed. Finally, the industry, products and market scale of DOW in the US were explained. The DOW industry in the United States had achieved very good economic benefits. In the future, with people's deep understanding of the deep sea and the continuous progress of technology, the development of DOW would be more diversified.
The Viability of Selected Potassium Solubilizing Rhizobacteria in a Mixture of K-Feldspar and Organic Matter as Carrier Material
Authors: Herdiyantoro D , Simarmata T , Setiawati M R , Nurlaeny N , Joy B , Arifin M , Hamdaniand J S , Handayani I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The potassium solubilizing biofertilizer based on selected potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) can facilitate availability of potassium in primary silicate minerals containing potassium to be absorbed by the plants. The key to successful application of biofertilizer in showing positive effects on inoculated plants is the selection of a carrier material that can guarantee viability of inoculants during shelf life before being applied in the field. The purpose of this study was to determine viability of three selected KSB isolates which were formulated in a mixture of K-feldspar (KF), rice straw compost (RSC), rice husk biochar (RHB), and Aleksandrov liquid medium (ALM) as a carrier material for 24 weeksof shelf life. The experiment used a completely randomized design with nine treatments of carrier material composition and three replications. The results showed formula of potassium solubilizingbiofertilizer with a composition of 1% mixed culture KSB + 15% KF + 30% RSC + 45% RHB+9% ALM was the best formula with high inoculant viability during 4 weeks of shelf life. It wasevidenced by the increase in respiration and total KSB population by 17.2% and 213.2%, respectively, compared to formula that produced the lowest respiration and total KSB population.
Dataset Weighting Features Using Gain Ratio To Improve Method Accuracy Naïve Bayesian Classification
Authors: Siagian Novriadi Antonius , Wage Sutarman , Sawaluddin  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Naïve Bayes method is proven to have a high speed when applied to large datasets, but the Naïve Bayes method has weaknesses when selecting attributes because Naïve Bayes is a statistical classification method that is only based on the Bayes theorem so that it can only be used to predict the probability of the class membership of a class independently. Independent without being able to do the selection of attributes that have a high correlation and correlation between one attribute with other attributes so that it can affect the value of accuracy. Naïve Bayesian Weight has been able to provide better accuracy than conventional Naïve Bayesian. Where an increase in the highest accuracy value obtained from the Water Quality dataset is equal to 88.57% in the Weight Naïve Bayesian classification model, while the lowest accuracy value is obtained from the Haberman dataset which is 78.95% in the conventional Naïve Bayesian classification model. The increase in accuracy of the Weight Naïve Bayesian classification model in the Water Quality dataset is 2.9%. While the increase in accuracy value in the Haberman dataset is 1.8%. If done the average accuracy of each dataset using the Weight Naïve Bayesian classification model is 2.35%. Based on the testing that has been done on all test data, it can be said that the Weight Naïve Bayesian classification model can provide better accuracy values than those produced by the conventional Naïve Bayesian classification model.
Application of Chicken manure Dosage and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacetria on the Growth and Yield of Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Dani U , Budiarti A N S , Wijaya A A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study’s objective was to determine the effect of dose Fertilizer Coop Chicken and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on growth and yield crops of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.). The research was conducted in the agricultural land of Sadasari Village, Argapura District, Majalengka Regency, West Java. With an altitude of 639 masl, starting from April 2020 to June 2020. The research method used a randomized block design (RBD) Factorial pattern was repeated 3 times. The treatment tested is Factor 1 is chicken manure (K), consisting of three levels: k 1 = 10 tons / ha, k 2 = 15 tons / ha and k 3 = 20 tonnes / ha. Factor 2 is PGPR (P), consisting of three levels: p 1 = 5 ml / litre water, p 2 = 10 ml / litre water, and p 3 = 1 5 ml / litre water . The difference in the average treatment was tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the 5% level. The results showed that there was an interaction between the dose of 20 ton / ha of chicken manure and 10 ml / l of PGPR of water on the average number of leaves aged 28 and 35 hst. The independent effect of chicken manure had a significant effect on the average plant height at 14 days and 35 days of planting, tuber diameter, average tuber wet weight per hill, and the average tuber dry weight per hill. The independent effect of PGPR has a significant effect on all observed parameters.
Framing the transition towards sustainable agri-food supply chains
Authors: Tsoulfas G T , Mouzakitis Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The connection of the agri-food sector with the agenda of sustainable development comes naturally, as the chain from production to processing, trading, distribution and consumption is directly connected with significant issues in environmental, economic, and social realms. Today’s challenge for businesses is not whether to embrace sustainability, but rather how to effectively establish sustainable supply chains. Therefore, a solid grasp of the move from “conventional” to “sustainable” supply chains is necessary. In this paper, we focus on the supply chain management of the agri-food sector, seeking to shed light on practices which may contribute to the transition of the sector towards sustainability. In this vein, we extend the conceptual framework which was proposed by Beske and Seuring (2014) so that it accommodates the contemporary particularities of agri-food supply chains.