bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive secular trend in excess body weight in adolescents: A comparative study of 2007 and 2017/2018 data
Authors: de Souza Fernanda Ulsula , Miranda Clair Costa , Bim Mateus Augusto , de Lima Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak , Gonzaga Isadora , Claumann Gaia Salvador , Beltrame Thais Silva , Pinto André de Araújo , Pelegrini Andreia 
Published: December 2024

Background
This study aimed to compare the prevalence of excess weight in adolescents living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017/2018 and assess associations with physical activity level, screen time, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness.

Methods
Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted with adolescents (14 to 19 years old). The body mass index was calculated from measurements of body weight (kg) and height (m2). Information on sociodemographic variables (sex, age, and economic level), screen time, and physical activity was collected using questionnaires. Motor tests were used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength.

Results
A positive secular trend in excess weight was observed in adolescents between 2017/2018 and 2007. Boys who spent more than 4h a day on screen-based activities and those with inadequate cardiorespiratory fitness were 1.96 and 3.03 times more likely, respectively, to have excess weight in 2017/2018 than in 2007. Boys (OR = 1.77) and girls (OR = 1.74) with inadequate muscle strength were more likely to have excess weight in 2017/2018 than their peers in 2007. Furthermore, boys and girls with adequate cardiorespiratory fitness had 64% and 90% lower chances, respectively, of having excess weight in 2017/2018 than in 2007.

Conclusions
A decade of observation revealed a positive secular trend in excess weight in adolescents, with significant associations with muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and screen time.
Lc—ms-based untargeted metabolomics reveals potential mechanisms of histologic chronic inflammation promoting prostate hyperplasia
Authors: Li Jiale , Wu Beiwen , Fan Guorui , Huang Jie , Li Zhiguo , Cao Fenghong 
Published: December 2024

Background
Chronic prostatitis may be a risk factor for developing proliferative changes in the prostate, although the underlying mechanisms are not entirely comprehended.

Materials and methods
Fifty individual prostate tissues were examined in this study, consisting of 25 patients diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia combined with histologic chronic inflammation and 25 patients diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia alone. We employed UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify differential metabolites that can reveal the mechanisms that underlie the promotion of prostate hyperplasia by histologic chronic inflammation. Selected differential endogenous metabolites were analyzed using bioinformatics and subjected to metabolic pathway studies.

Results
Nineteen differential metabolites, consisting of nine up-regulated and ten down-regulated, were identified between the two groups of patients. These groups included individuals with combined histologic chronic inflammation and those with prostatic hyperplasia alone. Glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids were primarily the components present. Metabolic pathway enrichment was conducted on the identified differentially expressed metabolites. Topological pathway analysis revealed the differential metabolites’ predominant involvement in sphingolipid, ether lipid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. The metabolites involved in sphingolipid metabolism were Sphingosine, Cer (d18:1/24:1), and Phytosphingosine. The metabolites involved in ether lipid metabolism were Glycerophosphocholine and LysoPC (O-18:0/0:0). The metabolites involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism were LysoPC (P-18:0/0:0) and Glycerophosphocholine. with Impact > 0. 1 and FDR < 0. 05, the most important metabolic pathway was sphingolipid metabolism.

Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings suggest that patients with prostate hyperplasia and combined histologic chronic inflammation possess distinctive metabolic profiles. These differential metabolites appear to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of histologic chronic inflammation-induced prostate hyperplasia, primarily through the regulation of sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids metabolic pathways. The mechanism by which histologic chronic inflammation promotes prostate hyperplasia was elucidated through the analysis of small molecule metabolites. These findings support the notion that chronic prostatitis may contribute to an increased risk of prostate hyperplasia.
Clusters of diet, physical activity, screen-time and sleep among adolescents and associations with 3-year change in indicators of adiposity
Authors: Alosaimi Noura , Sherar Lauren B. , Griffiths Paula , Hamer Mark , Pearson Natalie 
Published: December 2024

Background
Clusters of health behaviours could impact changes in adiposity among adolescents over time. This study examines the clustering of screen time, physical activity, dietary behaviours and sleep, and the associations with 3-year changes in indicators of adiposity.

Methods
Data from the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study were utilised when participants were aged 14 and 17 years respectively. At age 14, demographics, screen time, dietary behaviours and sleep duration were measured via self-report, and physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers. Height, weight, and percent body fat were measured at age 14 and 17 years. Behavioural clusters were determined using k-means clustering analysis, and associations with change in indicators of adiposity between age 14 and 17 years were examined using multivariate regression models.

Results
Three clusters were identified at age 14, a ‘healthy cluster’, a ‘mixed cluster’, and an ‘unhealthy cluster’ in the analytical sample of 3,065 participants (52.5% girls). The ‘unhealthy’ cluster was the most prevalent cluster among boys (53%), while the ‘healthy cluster’ was most prevalent among girls (55.9%). Adolescents in healthy clusters had a lower BMI z-score and percent body fat at age 14 compared to those in the unhealthy and mixed clusters, and maintained lower scores at age 17. Boys in the mixed and unhealthy clusters at 14 years had a lower change in BMI z-score between 14 and 17 compared to boys in the healthy cluster.

Conclusion
Adolescents in the healthy cluster had lower BMI z-scores and percent body fat at age 14 years than those in the unhealthy cluster, and they maintained this lower level at age 17. Given the upward trend in BMI during this period, this maintenance could be interpreted as a positive outcome. Further prospective research is needed to better understand these associations as well as research examining the stability of cluster membership over time.
Delisting From Liver Transplant List for Improvement and Recompensation Among Decompensated Patients at One Year
Authors: Singal Ashwani K. , Pannerselvam Deepan , Arab Juan P. , Im Gene , Kuo Yong-Fang 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Data are limited regarding etiology-specific trends for delisting and recompensation for liver disease improvement among liver transplantation (LT)-listed candidates in the United States.

METHODS AND RESULTS:
A retrospective cohort (2002–2022) using United Network of Organ Sharing database examined etiology-specific trends for delisting and recompensation due to liver disease improvement among candidates listed for LT. Of 120,451 listings in adults, 34,444 (2002-2008), 38,296 (2009–2015), 47,711 (2016–2022) were analyzed. A total of 7,196 (6.2%) were delisted for liver disease improvement, with 5.6%, 7.2%, and 5.3% in 3 respective time periods, Armitage trend P < 0.001. Delisting for improvement of liver disease was 8.1%, 5.8%, 4.0%, 3.9%, and 3.1% among listings for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD n = 41,647), hepatitis C virus infection (HCV n = 38,797), autoimmune (n = 12,131), metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH n = 22,162), hepatitis B virus infection (HBV n = 3,027), and metabolic liver disease (MLD n = 2,687), respectively. One thousand one hundred twenty-two (15.6% or 0.9%) were delisted for improvement at 1 year with cumulative incidence competing for waitlist mortality and receipt of LT of 1.18, 1.17, 0.64, 0.59, 0.50, and 0.34 for ALD, HBV, HCV, MASH, MLD, and autoimmune, respectively. In a fine and gray model, compared with metabolic, subhazard ratio (95% confidence interval) on delisting at 1 year was 3.47 (31.6–3.81) and 3.44 (2.96–3.99), P < 0.001, for ALD and for HBV, respectively. Of 7,196 delisting for improvement, 567 of 5,750 (9.9%) decompensated at listing had recompensation, 19.5% for HBV, 16.6% for MLD and autoimmune, 9.9% ALD, 8.6% for HCV, and 6.9% for MASH. In a logistic regression model among delisted candidates for improved liver disease, HBV vs MASH etiology was associated with recompensation, 2.37 (1.40–4.03), P < 0.001.

DISCUSSION:
ALD and HBV are most frequent etiologies for delisting due to liver disease improvement. About 10% of delisted patients develop recompensation, with HBV etiology most likely to recompensate. Models and biomarkers are needed to identify these candidates for optimal use of deceased donor livers.
‘From [virtual] classroom to boardroom’
Authors: Kerr Anthony , Wijeratne Aaron , Kalendra Diane , Wegner Danilo , Marchand Julien 
Published: December 2024

The Australian Institute of Business (AIB) exclusively serves the needs of working adults and seeks to deliver life-changing experiences for students through a contemporary and practical curriculum delivered online. A key feature of its MBA is a final capstone subject whereby students apply the knowledge acquired during the degree to a business issue in a professional context. Adult learning has been found to be most effective when knowledge is constructed based on workplace problems. However, as industry practitioners, many students find this challenging and have historically struggled with the research-based nature of the capstone subject.

This paper reflects on how the MBA Project was re-conceptualised to help students navigate the challenging waters of a final research project. Guided by a coaching mind-set, we experimented with a range of online tools within an andragogical framework to create effective learning activities and engage students to address contemporary issues in their workplace. Not only did this revised capstone achieve the highest completion rate of all the MBA subjects offered, it had a positive influence on student engagement, learning and their overall educational experience as more than 90 percent of students ‘safely reached port’ and completed their MBA.
Prediction of surface heating effect on non-equilibrium homogeneous condensation in supersonic nozzle using CFD method
Authors: Man Yi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To get better industrial equipment, one must understand the different phenomena within a machine. Non-equilibrium condensation is one of the natural phenomena happening in the process, thereby affecting flow behavior; the concept is vital in the understanding and optimizing machinery applied in industries. The present investigation focuses on the surface heating method, more precisely using the constant heat flux in the context of NEC inside a supersonic nozzle. The results indicate that the heat flux method can delay the droplet nucleation and growth inside the nozzle. However, this should be considered to a limit due to the raise of temperature at the nozzle wall. The rise in heat flux has reduced the Liquid Mass Fraction (LMF) within the nozzle. The LMF at the nozzle outlet and center line is determined to be 0.075, 0.072, and 0.068 for the adiabatic condition, 200 kW/m2 flux, and 400 kW/m2 flux, respectively. The heat flux also influences the flow pattern. With an increase in heat flux, the condensation shock wave is shifted downstream, decreasing its intensity.
Effect of tempering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Q125 shale gas casing steel
Authors: Wang Jiaojiao , Guo Taiyu , Gao Yunzhe , Wang Jian , Zhou Yuqing , Wu Xiaolong , Zhao Linlin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of tempering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Q125 grade shale gas casing steel using experimental methods such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that during the tempering process at 500–560°C, the morphology of the quenched laths gradually disappeared and the microstructure gradually recovered. Carbides precipitate from lamellar structures and gradually transform into short rod-like and fine dispersed spherical shapes, mainly distributed along the prior austenite grain boundaries (PAGB) and lath boundaries, accompanied by a decrease in dislocation density. At a tempering temperature of 530°C, the steel exhibited optimum overall mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 961 MPa, yield strength of 921 MPa, and impact energy of 138.9 J. Within the tempering range of 500–560°C, the macroscopic tensile fracture surfaces exhibited obvious necking and delamination, with a microscopic morphology characterized by dimples accompanied by secondary cracks and tearing ridges. Both the initiation and propagation zones of the impact fracture surfaces exhibited dimple features, indicating good ductility. Microcracks and micropores observed in the longitudinal section of the tensile fracture are distributed along the PAGB or lath boundaries, with carbides located at the interfaces, reducing the interfacial energy.
Optimizing conventional machining process parameters for A713 aluminum alloy using Taguchi method and passive optical network for data transmission
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Kumar Sachin , Bhardwaj Vivek 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on optimizing machining parameters for A713 aluminum alloy, renowned for its high strength-to-weight ratio but challenging to machine with precision. Using the Taguchi method, key parameters – cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut – are optimized to improve surface finish, tool life, and dimensional accuracy. An L9 orthogonal array is applied to enhance experimental efficiency. Furthermore, the integration of Passive Optical Network (PON) technology facilitates real-time data monitoring and transmission, enabling continuous feedback and timely adjustments. This hybrid approach of Taguchi optimization and PON technology achieves superior machining performance, boosting surface quality and operational efficiency. The research highlights how modern data transmission solutions like PON can enhance traditional optimization methods, providing a scalable framework for advanced machining processes in industrial applications.
Maternal and neonatal short-term outcome after vaginal breech delivery >36 weeks of gestation with and without MRI-based pelvimetric measurements: a Hannover retrospective cohort study
Authors: Maschke Sabine K. , Steinkasserer Lena , Renz Diane , von Kaisenberg Constantin , Hillemanns Peter , Brodowski Lars 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Planning the mode of delivery of a full-term breech singleton remains a challenging task. The aim of this work is to compare the neonatal and maternal short-term outcomes after planned vaginal delivery and caesarean section and to evaluate the influence of an MRI pelvimetry on the short-term outcomes in order to provide appropriate advice to pregnant women with breech presentation.

Methods
This is a retrospective monocentric analysis of all deliveries with singleton pregnancies from breech presentation >36 + 0 weeks of gestation between 08/2021 and 09/2023. Short-term maternal and neonatal morbidity data were collected for intended vaginal deliveries and caesarean sections. Neonatal and maternal short-term outcomes of intended vaginal deliveries with and without MRI pelvimetry were compared.

Results
In the planned vaginal delivery group, APGAR scores and arterial umbilical cord pH were significantly lower than in the planned caesarean group. The rate of asphyxia was similar in both groups. Although not significant, the rate of NICU admission was higher in the vaginal birth group (6.7 % vs. 2.7 %; p=0.27), and infants born by caesarean remained in the NICU longer (1.3 % vs. 1.8 %; p=1.0). Neonates born to women who underwent MRI prior to attempted vaginal delivery had better short-term neonatal outcomes and shorter NICU stays compared with women who did not undergo MRI, after multivariate analysis for fetal birth weight, parity, and gestational age.

Conclusions
Vaginal breech delivery is associated with lower APGAR scores and umbilical arterial pH compared with caesarean section but does not result in increased neonatal asphyxia or NICU admission. Length of stay in the NICU is shorter when a newborn is admitted after vaginal delivery. MRI pelvimetry may improve the outcome of the newborn by further selection.
Seed regeneration aided by nanomaterials in a climate change scenario: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chadha Utkarsh , Zablotny Kinga , Mallampati Aishwarya , Pawar Harshal Gopal , Batcha M. Asfer , Gokula Preethi S. K. , Arunchandra A. Naga Sai , Choudhury Moharana , Singh Bhanu Pratap 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nanotechnology has demonstrated its potential for advancing sustainable agriculture. This article explores new advancements in nanotechnology in agriculture, including plant extraction and validation, by emphasizing nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, nano-biosensors, and nanoenergy recycling processes. Nanomaterials are important for the formation, transport, and degradation of soil toxins and are a fundamental starting point for various biotic and abiotic rehabilitation processes. Research on nanoparticles’ remediation applications and soil stay insufficient and are generally restricted. When integrated into agricultural systems, nanomaterials may influence the soil quality and plant development examined by setting their impacts on supplement discharge in target soils, soil biota, soil natural matter, and plant morphological and physiological reactions. The current research works show that the seed coat acts as a barrier to nanomaterial penetration, in which both the seed coat and cell wall allowed easy water passage. Additionally, the uptake, movement, and associated defense mechanisms of nanomaterials within plants have been investigated. Future research directions have been identified to further the study toward the sustainable development of nano-enabled agriculture.
Nutrition literacy among women participating in a community kitchen program in Antioquia, Colombia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sherer Erin L. , Conroy Stephen , Bateson Charlotte , Storts Adam , Gonzalez Paola 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study assessed nutrition literacy levels among women in Antioquia, Colombia, using the Nutrition Literacy Assessment Tool – Spanish (NLit-S) to evaluate both overall and domain-specific nutrition literacy. This was a cross-sectional study of female participants in community kitchens in Antioquia, Colombia. The NLit-S provided scores for overall nutrition literacy and six specific domains: Nutrition and Health, Food Groups, Energy Sources in Food, Household Food Measurements, Food Labels and Numeracy, and Consumer Skills. Results from the assessment are divided into three categories: the likelihood of poor nutrition literacy (NLit-S score ≤ 28), the possibility of poor nutrition literacy (NLit-S score 29–38), and the likelihood of good nutrition literacy (NLit-S score ≥ 39). The overall scores of the NLit-S indicate that there is likely poor nutrition literacy among the women who participated in the study. The low levels of nutrition literacy indicate a significant public health challenge in Antioquia, Colombia, and suggest that there is a need for targeted nutrition education programs, especially programs designed to address the gaps in knowledge related to food measurements, nutrition label comprehension, and overall dietary practices. Enhancing nutrition literacy among women in Antioquia could lead to improved dietary choices and better health outcomes for the community.
Die Umsetzung des UNESCO-Übereinkommens zur Erhaltung des immateriellen Kulturerbes von 2003 in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Authors: Jojo Tolin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Unter dem Motto „Wissen. Können. Weitergeben“ setzt die Bundesrepublik Deutschland das UNESCO-Übereinkommen zur Erhaltung des immateriellen Kulturerbes mit verschiedenen Aktivitäten, Programmen und Projekten um. Hierfür koordiniert seit 2012 die Geschäftsstelle Immaterielles Kulturerbe bei der Deutschen UNESCO-Kommission e.V. das innerstaatliche Auswahlverfahren für das Bundesweite Verzeichnis des Immateriellen Kulturerbes und für die UNESCO-Listen des Immateriellen Kulturerbes. Von der Notwendigkeit der Gemeinschaftsbeteiligung bis zur Identifizierung kultureller Vielfalt macht der Artikel die Vorteile eines partizipativen Ansatzes sichtbar und erörtert die besonderen Herausforderungen und Chancen, die sich in einer vielfältigen kulturellen Landschaft und föderalen Struktur in Deutschland ergeben.
Museen und ihre Verantwortung für die Bewahrung des immateriellen Kulturerbes
Authors: Lüdtke Hartwig 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Das Museum ist die ideale Partnerinstitution für die Idee der Bewahrung des immateriellen Kulturerbes. Es bewahrt, präsentiert und erläutert die zugehörigen Werkzeuge und die Ausstattung sowie die gegebenenfalls produzierten Werkstücke. Zugleich kann das Museum durch Vorführungen und Mitmachaktionen im Sinne einer Wiederaufführung das immaterielle kulturelle Erbe auch vergangener Epochen erlebbar machen. In besonderer Weise war dieser Gedanke bereits in der frühen Phase der Gründung vieler Freilichtmuseen in der Zeit um 1900 Bestandteil der Museumskonzeptionen. Dabei ist das Museum primär ein Ort des analogen Erlebnisses, wie auch die Pflege des ICH zumeist eine analoge Aktivität ist, die in der Regel nicht virtuell substituiert werden kann. Für die Erörterung dieses Themas wird in erster Linie auf Beispiele aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum zurückgegriffen.
Immaterielles Kulturerbe im Strukturwandel
Authors: Meißner Marlen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Das Potenzial von immateriellem Kulturerbe (IKE) für die Unterstützung gesellschaftlicher Wandlungsprozesse hin zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung und als Motor des Strukturwandels ist beträchtlich. Voraussetzung ist, dass IKE in politischen und gesellschaftlichen Transformationsstrategien aktiv mitgedacht wird, was bisher jedoch nur in Ausnahmefällen geschieht. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie IKE die Beteiligung von Gemeinschaften in regionalpolitischen Veränderungsprozessen unterstützen kann, wie es intra- und intergenerationelle Zusammenarbeit sowie regionale Vernetzung fördert und die territoriale Verortung gesellschaftlicher Gruppen ermöglicht. Ebenso wird deutlich, wie IKE eine Grundlage für die im Strukturwandel so dringend nötige Neuinterpretation und Aufwertung von Identitäten bietet.
Digital-kulturelle Praktiken als Immaterielles Kulturerbe
Authors: Klepacki Leopold , Jörissen Benjamin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Der Text untersucht, inwiefern die Spezifika (post-)digital-kultureller Praktiken etablierte Verständnisse der Tradierung von Immateriellem Kulturerbe (IKE) verändern. Durch die Verknüpfung menschlicher Praxis mit digitalen Technologien entsteht eine neue Form von IKE, in der menschliche und technologische Agencies und Wissensformen konstitutiv miteinander verwoben sind. Um die Spezifika der Tradierung dieser hybriden Praktiken und Wissensformen angemessen beschreiben zu können, werden Ansätze des agentiellen Realismus mit Theorien zu (post-)digitaler Kultur bzw. (post-)digitalen Praktiken verbunden. Der Text geht dabei insbesondere auf die Eigenheiten hybrider Performativität sowie auf die Funktion von Künstlicher Intelligenz als kuratorischer Akteur ein.