bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregiver Involvement in Psychotherapy for Young People With Borderline Personality Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder Features: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bosworth C. , Watsford C. , Buckmaster D. , Rickwood D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCaregivers of young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) or BPD features experience significant burden and distress and often lack effective coping strategies. A family environment of pervasive invalidation can contribute to the disorder and work against effective coping. Consequently, some psychotherapy interventions for young people with BPD or BPD features aim to incorporate caregivers in treatment to varying degrees. This review synthesised results of existing studies that included caregivers in psychotherapy alongside their young person and that examined caregiver outcomes using quantitative measures. The review and literature search were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches of five databases returned a total of 2988 articles, of which 10 met inclusion criteria and only two of which were RCTs. Seven used a dialectical behaviour therapy approach, two used brief psychoeducation, and one was an online social group. Articles examined changes in caregivers regarding treatment feasibility and satisfaction, emotion communication, perceived knowledge of BPD and caregiver mental health, burden and stress. Although there are few studies and results are limited by considerable methodological limitations, results suggest that including caregivers in treatment alongside young people, even in a brief capacity, may improve caregiver outcomes on several measures. Inclusion of caregivers is conceptually particularly pertinent for BPD for young people, and this review reveals important clinical implications and clear future research directions.
Earth‐Abundant 3d‐Transition Metal Metasilicates As Effective Electrocatalysts For Alkaline HER: CuZnSiO3 Outperforms CuSiO3 and ZnSiO3
Authors: Ghogare Trupti , Patil Indrajit , Hossain Mujaffar , Bobade Richa , Mondal Sukanta , Varma Su , Das Bidisa , Ogale Satishchandra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a key reaction in electrochemical water splitting for hydrogen production leading to the development of potentially sustainable energy technology. Importantly, the catalysts required for HER must be earth‐abundant for their large‐scale deployment; silicates representing one such class. Herein, we have synthesized a series of transition mono‐ and bi‐ metal metasilicates (with SiO32− group) using facile wet‐chemical method followed by calcination at a higher temperature. The structural and morphological studies show their unique crystal structure and distinctive morphology, as well as the surface texture, with the band gap ranges of 1.49–2.24 eV. Interestingly, CuZnSiO3, with all earth‐abundant elements, exhibits a band gap of 1.67 eV, shows impressive electrocatalytic properties. We show that CuZnSiO3 exhibits HER activity with much lower overpotential (η=151 mV) at 10 mA cm−2 under alkaline conditions. The CuZnSiO3 electrode also shows good electrocatalytic stability (ΔE=24 mV) even after 25 hours of chronoamperometric stability test and the performance is comparable to the commercial Pt/C catalyst under similar conditions. Finally, detailed electronic structure studies employing density functional theory (DFT) as well as electronic transport studies were performed to understand and elucidate the superior performance of CuZnSiO3 over the CuSiO3 and ZnSiO3 electrocatalysts.
Perovskite CsCuClxBr3‐x Microcrystals: Band Structure, Photochemical Stability, and Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Tang Shuang Chao , Li Yan Jie , Yang Jing , Zhao Ting , Tian Jie , Wang Yan Jie , Ji Zhuo Yu , Li Yu , Dai Yi Tao , He Tao , Zhang Yong‐Wei , Emeline Alexei V. , Pang Qi , Bahnemann Detlef W. , Pan Jia Hong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlthough Pb‐based metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have excellent photoelectric characteristics, its toxicity remains a limiting factor for its widespread application. In the paper, a series of CsCuClxBr3‐x (x=1, 2, 3) MHPs microcrystals were developed and their hydrogen evolution performance in ethanol and HX (X=Cl, Br) were also studied. Among them, CsCuCl3 microcrystals exhibit high hydrogen evolution performance in both HX and ethanol, attributed to its longest average lifetime and suitable band structure. Additionally, the effect of different sacrificial agents on photocatalytic hydrogen production indicates that the photogenerated hole (h+) plays a critical role. MHPs can maintain a dynamic equilibrium of dissolution and precipitation in HX saturated aqueous solutions, thereby overcoming the stability issues associated with perovskite. The phase transition of CsCuClxBr3‐x during photocatalysis is monitored by XRD technique. CsCuCl3 shows high stability in saturated HCl aqueous solution, and excellent photocatalytic performance with a hydrogen production rate of CsCuCl3 microcrystals reached 103.98 μmol g−1 at 210 min. Our study expands the development prospects of CsCuCl3 in the field of photocatalytic solar fuel generation.
A q‐Z Source‐Based Modified Bidirectional Three‐Port Converter for Battery‐Assisted Solar PV Applications
Authors: Chakraborty Indrojeet , S Sreejith , Kumar Pradhan Sovit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, two separate q‐Z source‐based three‐port converters (TPC) with modified bidirectional networks (BDNs) that offer significant voltage gain for photovoltaic (PV)‐battery applications are proposed. Both designs allow the converter operation to be carried out in four different modes where the power from primary source can flow to the battery as well as the load and the battery alone can also feed power to the load, at lower duty cycle. The designs are based on a q‐Z source converter and use a modified bidirectional path to accommodate the battery port. The main advantage of using one of the two proposed topology is that it provides a common ground for the primary source input (PV), the bidirectional energy storage port, and the output port. In addition to the above mentioned four modes of operation, in the proposed topology, an external switch can be used to charge the battery from the PV source in the absence of the load as well. On the basis of these two distinct advantages, one of the two designs is analyzed in detail. A noncomplex control algorithm is designed to facilitate the battery operation depending upon load power requirement. There are two different duty ratios to control the operation of five MOSFETs to regulate the output voltage. In addition, the converter offers suitable features such as low voltage stress (V) across devices, continuous input current, and common ground (comm.g.) for all three ports, to be used for renewable energy source (RES) applications. The validation of the analytical analysis of the converter is done in a Matlab simulink environment, and the results are presented. For validating the performance of the proposed converter, a 250‐V, 450‐W prototype is implemented and tested at 10 kHz. The converter in stand‐alone mode can attain an efficiency of around 94.5%.
Overexpression of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Reduces Neuronal Cell Damage Induced by Oxygen‐Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation via Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress‐Mediated Ferroptosis
Authors: Li Haiming , Chen Bin , Chen Zhelin , Luo Jianming , Yang Binyuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) can be induced under various stress conditions. This study aimed to explore the role of GDF15 in oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)‐induced HT22 cells. OGD/R was employed to induce the HT22 cell model, and GDF15 expression was upregulated via transfection. Subsequently, the effects on inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, apoptosis‐related proteins, and ferroptosis markers were detected. Relevant indicators were evaluated using techniques such as ELISA, probes, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Furthermore, changes in these phenotypes under the influence of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress agonist tunicamycin (TM) were evaluated.The result showed that GDF15 was significantly up‐regulated in OGD/R‐treated HT22 cells. Overexpression of GDF15 significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor‐α, IL (interleukin)‐1β, and IL‐6, inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species and MDA, and improved activity of superoxide dismutase and GSH‐Px. Flow cytometry and western blotting results showed that GDF15 overexpression significantly reduced cell apoptosis, reduced caspase3 activity, and regulated the expression of Bcl2 and Bax. In addition, overexpression of GDF15 reduces the levels of ferroptosis markers by inhibiting ER stress. ER stress inducer TM can reverse the protective effects of GDF15 overexpression and promote inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. This study shows that overexpression of GDF15 reduces OGD/R‐induced HT22 cell damage, and ER stress‐mediated ferroptosis is included in the regulatory mechanisms. This provides a theoretical basis for GDF15 as a new target for the treatment of cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury.
Sex and Age Differences in Habitat Selection of the Mountain Dragon Lizard (Diploderma splendidum) From Western China
Authors: Zheng Dongqing , Li Ling , Gao Wei , Chen Meiqi , Guo Peng , Wu Yayong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHabitat selection in animals results from a careful balance of individual requirements, environmental conditions, and ecological disturbances. Preferences can vary across sexes and ages due to differences in survival and reproductive priorities. Despite this variability, most studies have traditionally focused on isolated aspects of either sex or age‐related differences in habitat selection, rather than considering a comprehensive range of influencing factors. The mountain dragon lizard (Diploderma splendidum) exemplifies a species adapted to shrub habitats in the dry‐hot river valleys of the lower Jinsha River, Western China, playing a crucial role in regional ecosystem stability. In this study, we examined the influence of 11 ecological factors on habitat selection by male and female D. splendidum across two distinct age classes (adult and juvenile) to explore sex and age‐related disparities. The lizards showed considerable similarity in habitat preferences, but notable differences in their selection of specific ecological factors. Compared to adult females, adult males displayed a preference for higher tree positions, lower light intensity, and moderate vegetation density. Compared to juvenile females, juvenile males favored higher tree positions, low rock formations, and shrubby grassland and forest. Compared to juvenile females, adult females preferred higher tree positions and habitats further from water. Compared to juvenile males, adult males preferred higher tree habitats. Overall, habitat selection complexity in D. splendidum was significantly influenced by sex and age factors. This study contributes to our understanding of how these lizards respond to different physiological structures and resource requirements. These findings enhance current knowledge on reptile habitat selection and provide theoretical insights crucial for ecological restoration and species protection in the hot and dry valley areas of Hengduan Mountain.
Linking Foraging Behaviour and Habitat Preferences During Moult Across Multiple Populations of Red‐Throated Diver
Authors: Duckworth James , O'Brien Susan , Dunn Ruth E. , Petersen Ib K. , Petersen Aevar , Benediktsson Guðmundur , Johnson Logan , Lehikoinen Petteri , Okill David J. , Väisänen Roni , Williams Jim , Williams Stuart , Daunt Francis , Green Jonathan A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the habitat use of individuals can facilitate methods to measure the degree to which populations will be affected by potential stressors. Such insights can be hard to garner for marine species that are inaccessible during phases of their annual cycles. Here, we quantify the link between foraging habitat and behaviour in an aquatic bird of high conservation concern, the red‐throated diver (Gavia stellata) across three breeding populations (Finland, Iceland and Scotland) during their understudied moult period. Specifically, we quantify the relationship between feather isotope values (δ13C and δ15N) and diving behaviour, within and between populations, examining the use of intra‐depth zone (IDZ) dives as a proxy for benthic foraging. We found a strong positive relationship between both higher δ15N values and, to a lesser extent, δ13C values and the proportion of IDZ dives. This relationship was consistent across all three populations, but the baseline δ13C values varied between them, indicative of the populations' different moulting areas. Our results demonstrate that red‐throated divers continue to be generalist foragers after their breeding seasons, and that behavioural flexibility varies within and between populations. Furthermore, due to the existence of these relationships, we reveal the potential of stable isotope analysis as a standalone tool for monitoring changes in habitat use in this ecologically significant species. The approach may also apply to other generalist foragers that are known to use multiple foraging strategies (e.g., foraging benthically and pelagically), with implications for future conservation efforts.
Rare Taxa Are Key Links in Regional Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Dusts Across Diverse North American Regions
Authors: George Paul B. L. , Rossi Florent , Veillette Marc , Cayouette Amélia Bélanger , Leclerc Samantha , Dumais Cindy , Turgeon Nathalie , Duchain Caroline 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe role of bioaerosols in the dispersal of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and resistant microorganisms is poorly understood. In addition, bioaerosols are powerful composite samples representative of the surrounding environment and can be used as sentinels of many local habitats. Evidence suggests that using environmental DNA from dust collected on vehicle cabin air filters can define regional resistance profiles. Here, this method was used to investigate differences in resistance gene profiles, their underlying bacterial communities, and their links to anthropogenic and environmental variables across Canada. In total, 477 car filter samples were collected, with every province and territory being represented. DNA was extracted from filter dust. High‐throughput qPCR was used to detect and quantify a panel of 36 ARGs and 3 mobile genetic elements. Bacterial biomass was assessed using standard qPCR methods of the 16S rRNA gene, which was also used to assess bacterial biodiversity via metabarcoding. Results indicated that qepA dominates antimicrobial resistance profiles across Canada. However, after they were removed from the dataset, regional profiles were evident based on gene type and richness. Factors positively linked to total numbers of ARGs included human and livestock populations; whereas mean annual precipitation was negatively linked to resistance gene quantities. Measures of α‐diversity were generally greater in the western regions of Canada than in the east and the north. Community composition analyses showed similarities between the prairies and territories, which were separated from other regions. Finally, network analyses revealed a relatively stable group of core ARGs across regions, which were largely correlated with low‐abundance genera. Such findings suggest that rare taxa are key links in the diffusion of antimicrobial resistance in environmental contexts. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential application of vehicle air filters in building long‐term monitoring capacity of outdoor bioaerosols.
Researcher Reflections—Inspiring Paths in Academia
Authors: Hausmann Annika , Sandu Ioana , Bechara Rami , Eidsmo Liv , Liston Adrian , Naik Shruti , Scott Charlotte L. , Villa Matteo , Villablanca Eduardo , Muñoz‐Wolf Natalia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe journey of early‐career researchers (ECRs) in immunology is marked by many challenges but also exciting prospects. Here we bring a snapshot of the recent ECR workshop organized by the Young European Federation of Immunology Societies (yEFIS) during the 7th European Congress of Immunology (ECI), which took place in Dublin Ireland from September 1 to 4, 2024. This article brings forward the unique experiences and perspectives of eight Principal Investigators (PIs) and the events that shaped their careers in immunology. Navigating challenges, from mastering intricate laboratory techniques, securing tenure, or moving countries, to finding the right balance between family and research life; their stories reveal the diverse paths to independence within academia. This series celebrates scientific accomplishments acknowledging the non‐linearity of career paths and the value of passion for discovery, self‐confidence, resilience, and perseverance in their academic journeys.
Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Dimethyl 1, 4‐cyclohexane Dicarboxylate into 1, 4‐cyclohexanedimethanol over Cu/ZnO/Al2O3/ZrO2 Catalysts
Authors: Meng Huiwen , Lei Qian , Deng Conger , Liang Linlin , Wang Zijian , Lei Weixin , Chen Honglin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA novel and efficient protocol for the conversion of dimethyl 1, 4‐cyclohexane dicarboxylate (DMCD) into 1, 4‐cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) was proposed via catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH). In this approach, methanol functioned as both the hydrogen donor and the solvent, and a cost‐effective Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃/ZrO₂ catalyst was utilized for facilitating the reaction. Under the specified conditions at 235 °C, a conversion of 96.61 % with a selectivity of 60.71 % was achieved. To elucidate the reaction mechanism, comprehensive characterizations were conducted to examine the catalysts with varying ZrO2 contents. The investigation revealed that the reaction begins with the adsorption of DMCD and methanol onto the acidic sites of the catalyst, followed by their activation on the reduced‐state Cu.
Electrochemical Alkoxylation of Benzylic C(sp3)−H Bonds
Authors: Zhao Naixuan , Xie Geyao , Zheng Miao , Chang Shunzhen , Zhang Zhenwei , He Guoxue , Zhou Yu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe report an electrochemical process for the direct alkoxylation of benzylic C(sp3)−H bonds without the need for external oxidants or metal catalysts. This environmentally friendly and sustainable synthetic strategy facilitates the alkoxylation of C(sp3)−H in benzylic groups. The approach enables the late‐stage incorporation of complex alkoxy groups into bioactive molecules, providing potential applications in the synthesis of celestolide derivatives.
Optimizing water‐nitrogen regulation for enhanced carbon absorption and reduced greenhouse gas emissions in greenhouse tomato cultivation
Authors: Zhao Wenju , Yu Haiying , Ding Lei , Wu Keqian , Yang Xiai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo study the impact of different water‐nitrogen regulation modes on the carbon cycle of greenhouse tomatoes and determine optimal irrigation and nitrogen application levels to enhance carbon absorption and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. This study employed three irrigation levels (100%, 80%, and 60% of ET0) and three nitrogen application levels (240, 192, and 144 kg·ha−1), along with a control group (W1N1, i.e., 100% ET0‐240 kg·ha−1). Gas‐chromatography methods were used to monitor CH4 and soil CO2 emissions, while assessing dry matter, carbon content, and carbon fixation capacity of tomato organs throughout the growth period. Additionally, a system for evaluating the net ecosystem carbon budget of facility tomatoes was developed based on net primary productivity. Results indicated reduced CH4 and soil CO2 emissions with decreased irrigation and nitrogen application. Dry matter, carbon content, and carbon fixation of tomato organs initially increased with reduced nitrogen and irrigation but then declined. The W2N2 (80% ET0‐192 kg·ha−1) treatment showed maximal values for dry matter, carbon content, carbon fixation, net primary productivity (NPP), and gross primary productivity (GPP). Findings suggest a positive net ecosystem carbon budget under reduced water and nitrogen conditions, indicating carbon absorption. Specifically, the W2N2 treatment outperformed others in net carbon absorption, highlighting its potential as an effective mode for enhancing carbon sequestration in the region.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Subcarrier Allocation With End‐To‐End Implicit CSI Acquisition in Multiuser OFDM Systems
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Zhang Yuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, subcarrier allocation is a key means for improving the system capacity. During subcarrier allocation process, the channel state information (CSI) plays a key role. Recently, implicit CSI is considered as a possible alternative to replace explicit CSI. But under the condition of implicit CSI, the existing subcarrier allocation algorithms using explicit CSI need to be redesigned. In this article, subcarrier allocation with implicit CSI acquisition in frequency‐division duplex (FDD) OFDM systems is investigated. To adapt to the implicit CSI, a corresponding deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based proportional fairness (PF) subcarrier allocation algorithm is proposed to maximize the long term PF utility. Simulation results show that compared with the subcarrier allocation algorithms with explicit CSI acquisition such as LS/MMSE channel estimation and individual neural network (NN) based channel estimation and feedback, the proposed scheme achieves higher system sum rate and user fairness and gets close to the traditional PF algorithm with perfect CSI, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed subcarrier allocation scheme with implicit CSI acquisition.
Large Bilobed Flap for Head and Neck Reconstruction: Technique and Outcomes
Authors: Rapoport Nicholas A. , Peterson Andrew M. , Chiang Sarah N. , Kallogjeri Dorina , Rich Jason T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHead and neck reconstruction after resection of cutaneous malignancies spans the entire reconstructive ladder. Local flaps, such as the bilobed flap, offer excellent versatility, negligible morbidity, and minimal hospitalization. However, there is sparse data regarding the bilobed flap for large defects of the head and neck.MethodsA retrospective case series identified patients undergoing head and neck reconstruction with a large bilobed flap for defect sizes ≥ 5 x 5 cm. Data collected included demographics, risk factors for impaired healing, operative variables, and complications.ResultsNineteen patients were included; 15 (79%) were male, and median age was 80 years (47–88). Twelve patients had pertinent comorbidities and risk factors, including diabetes mellitus, current smoker, prior radiation to the operative area, and immunosuppressive state. Ten (53%) patients experienced complications, including infection, necrosis, or hematoma. Eleven (58%) patients received adjuvant radiation. Eleven (58%) patients were discharged within 1 day.ConclusionThe large bilobed flap is an effective reconstructive technique for large head and neck cutaneous defects in properly selected patients. This flap can be a useful alternative to free tissue transfer in elderly patients.