bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based indicators for the measurement of quality of primary care using health insurance claims data in Switzerland: update of the SQUIPRICA working group
Authors: Blozik Eva , Farcher Renato , Graber Sereina , Huber Carola 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The level of quality of care of ambulatory services in Switzerland is almost completely unknown. Since health insurance claims are the only nationwide applicable and available data source for this purpose, a set of 24 quality indicators (QI) for the measurement of quality of primary care has been previously developed and implemented. The present paper reports on an evidence-based update and extension of the initial QI set.
Methods

Established pragmatic 6-step process based on informal consensus and potential QI extracted from international medical practice guidelines and pre-existing QI for primary care. Experts rated potential QI based on strength of evidence, relevance for Swiss public health, and controllability in the Swiss primary care context. Feasibility of a preliminary set of potential new QI was tested using claims data of persons with basic mandatory health insurance at one of the largest Swiss health insurers. This test built the basis for expert consensus on the final set of new QI. Additionally, two diabetes indicators included in the previous QI set were re-evaluated.
Results

Of 23 potential new indicators, 19 of them were selected for feasibility testing. The expert group consented a final set of 9 additional QI covering the domains general aspects/efficiency (2 QI), diagnostic measures (1 QI), geriatric care (2 QI), osteoarthritis (1 QI), and drug safety (3 QI). Two pre-existing diabetes indicators were updated.
Conclusions

Additional QI relating to overuse and intersectoral care aspects extend the options of measuring quality of primary care in Switzerland based on claims data and complement the initial QI set.
Surgical management and clinical outcomes of cerebellar liponeurocytomas-a report of 7 cases and a pooled analysis of individual patient data
Authors: Zuo Pengcheng , Sun Tao , Gu Guocan , Li xiaoou , Jiang Zhuang , Pan Changcun , Xu Cheng , Wu Zhen , Zhang Junting , Zhang Liwei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective

Cerebellar liponeurocytomas (CLPNs) are very rare. Limited studies described this disease and their treatment protocol remain unclear. To better understand the disease, we review the clinical features and outcomes, and propose a treatment protocol based on previously reported cases and cases from our institute.
Methods

The clinical data were obtained from 7 patients with pathologically confirmed CLPNs, who accepted surgical treatment in our institute between November 2011 and June 2021. We also reviewed the literature and 75 patients with CLPNs were identified between September 1993 and June 2021. Risk factors for Progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated in the pooled cohort.
Results

The authors’ cohort included 4 males and 3 females with a mean age of 43.9±14.5 (range: 29-64 years). 3 cases are located in lateral ventricle and 4 cases are located in cerebellum. All 7 cases achieved gross total resection (GTR) and radiotherapy was administered to 2 cases. After a mean follow-up of 44.9±44.4 months, all patients remained well with no recurrence or death. For the reported 75 patients, there are 35 males and 40 females with a mean age of 46.2±13.6 years (range: 6-77 years). Biopsy, gross total resection (GTR) and non-GTR were achieved in 1 (1.3%), 50 (66.7%), and 24 (32%) patients, respectively. Radiotherapy was administered to 16 cases and chemotherapy was administered to only 1 case. After a mean follow-up of 47.5±51.5 months, 3 patients died and tumor recurrence occurred in 17 patients. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that non-GTR predicted a poor PFS (p=0.030). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that GTR was significantly associated with better PFS (p=0.0084). PFS rates at 1, 5, 10 years were 92.7%, 78.0%, 23.8% respectively.
Conclusions

Cerebellar liponeurocytomas (CLPNs) are very rare brain tumors. Although they have favorable clinical prognosis, the recurrence is relatively high. GTR should be the first choice and close follow-up is necessary. Postoperative radiotherapy could not improve PFS in this study. A larger cohort is needed to verify our findings.
A Novel Group of Genes that Causes Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer Identified by Dynamic Gene Expression Analysis
Authors: Asghari Arvand , Wall Katherine , Gill Michael , Vecchio Natascha Del , Allahbakhsh Farnaz , Wu Jacky , Deng Nan , Zheng W. Jim , Wu Hulin , Umetani Michihisa , Maroufy Vahed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cancer-related cause of death in women worldwide. Endocrine therapy is an effective therapeutic approach for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer; however, in many cases, tumor regrowth occurs after the therapy and the tumor becomes unresponsive anymore. While some gene mutations contribute to the resistance in some patients, the underlying causes of the resistance to endocrine therapies are mostly undetermined. In this study, we utilized our recently developed statistical approach to investigate the dynamic behavior of gene expression during the development of endocrine resistance and identified a novel group of genes that can be crucial to the development of resistance in BC. The expression of these genes is not only altered in cell models during the endocrine resistance development but also significantly changed in endocrine-resistant patients. Surprisingly, this group of genes was also identified as a group of key candidate genes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), suggesting that endocrine resistance and TNBC share the same mechanisms during their development. Our findings explain some of the genetic underlying reasons for endocrine resistance and provide the potential to develop novel common therapeutic approaches against endocrine-resistant BC and TNBC.
Immature Instars of Three Species of Rhodnius (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): Morphological and Morphometric Studies
Authors: Cacini Gustavo Lázari , de Oliveira Jader , Belintani Tiago , Souza Éder dos Santos , Olaia Nicoly , Pinto Mara Cristina , Rosa João Aristeu da 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Among the 18 genera of the Triatominae subfamily, three stand out for their diversity and epidemiological importance: Triatoma, Panstrongylus, and Rhodnius. The genus Rhodnius includes 21 species that can transmit Trypanosoma cruzi (the etiological agent of Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis) and Trypanosoma rangeli. The Rhodnius prolixus complex comprises seven species, including Rhodnius marabaensis, Rhodnius prolixus, and Rhodnius robustus, which occur in Northern region of Brazil. Since both adults and immatures can carry T. cruzi, in this study the five nymphal instars of the three species mentioned were dorsally characterized. Methods: By means of light microscopy, morphometrics and geometric morphometrics, the present work measures and describes the morphological characters of the five nymphal instars of Rhodnius marabaensis, Rhodnius prolixus, and Rhodnius robustus. Results: The study allowed the characterization of all the five nymphal instars, as well as the distinction between the three species in each of their instars. Conclusions: The morphological, morphometrics of the head, thorax, and abdomen and geometric morphometrics studies of the head enabled the specific distinction of these three species in all the five instars.
Van Der Waals Epitaxial Growth of Bismuth Thin-film on Silicon (111) Substrate by MBE
Authors: Chou Chieh , Wu Po-Siun , Lin Hao-Hsiung 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Crystallinity of an 80-nm-thick bismuth thin film grown on Si(111) substrate by MBE was investigated. The highly (0003) textured Bi film contains two twinning domains with different bilayer stacking sequences. The basic lattice parameters c and a as well as b, the bilayer thickness, of the two domains were determined from a series of X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and found that the differences are within 0.1% as compared with those of bulk Bi reported in literature, suggesting that the Bi film has been nearly fully relaxed. From the XRD φ-scans of asymmetric Bi (01-14), (10-15), (11-26) planes and Si (220) plane as well as selected area electron diffraction patterns and electron back scatter diffraction pole figures, we confirmed the well registration between the lattices of Si and Bi lattice, i.e. the ω angle difference between Bi[0003] and Si[111] and the φ angle different between Bi[01-14] and Si[220] are 0.056° and 0.25°, respectively, and thus concluded that the growth is a quasi-van der Waals epitaxy.
Exploring the Pyroptosis-related Genes of Breast Cancer and their Effects on Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Jia Congli , Yang Fu , Li Ruining 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer （BC） is the most common cancer among women, with high rates of metastasis and recurrence. Some studies have confirmed that pyroptosis is an immune-related programmed cell death. However, the correlation between the expression of pyroptosis-related genes in BC and its prognosis remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we identified 38 pyroptosis-related genes that were differentially expressed between BC and normal tissues. The prognostic value of each pyroptosis-related gene was evaluated using patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The Cox regression method was performed to establish a prognostic model for 16-gene signature, classifying all BC patients in the TCGA database into a low-or high-risk group. Results: The survival rate of BC patients in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the low-risk group (P＜0.01). Prognostic model is independent prognostic factor for BC patients compared to clinical features. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed a decrease for immune cells and immune function in the high-risk group. Conclusions: Pyroptosis-related genes influence the tumor immune microenvironment and can predict the prognosis of BC.
Impact of Background Music on the Performance of Laparoscopy Teams
Authors: Han Ying , Zheng Bin , Zhao Linyong , Hu Jiankun , Zhang Chao , Xiao Ran , Wang Chunyan , Pu Dan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Music and noise have different impacts on individuals in the operating room. Their effects on the performance of surgical teams in simulated environments are not well documented. We investigated if laparoscopic teams operating under favorable acoustic conditions would perform better than under noisy conditions.METHODS: We recruited 114 surgical residents and built 57 two-person teams. Each team was required to perform two laparoscopic tasks (object transportation and collaborative suturing) on a simulation training box under musical, neutral, and noisy acoustic conditions. Data were extracted from video recordings of each performance for analysis. Task performance was measured by the duration of time to complete a task and the total number of errors, and objective performance scores. The measures were compared over the three acoustic conditions.RESULTS: A musical environment elicited higher performance scores than a noisy environment for both the object transportation (performance score: 66.3 ± 8.6 vs. 57.6 ± 11.2; p < 0.001) and collaborative suturing tasks (78.6 ± 5.4 vs. 67.2 ± 11.1; p < 0.001). Task times in the musical and noisy environments was subtracted to produce a musical-noisy difference time. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant negative relationship between the team experience score and the musical-noisy difference time on the object transportation (r = -0.246, p = 0.046) and collaborative suturing tasks (r = -0.248, p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: As to individuals, music enhances the performance of a laparoscopy team while noise worsens performance. The negative correlation between team experience and musical-noisy difference time suggests that laparoscopy teams composed of experienced surgeons are less likely affected by an acoustic distraction than novice teams. Team resistance to acoustic distraction may lead to a new way for assessing team skills.
Facile Extraction and Characterization of Calcium Hydroxide From Paper Mill Waste Sludge of Bangladesh
Authors: Molla Mohammad Robel , Begum Most. Hosney Ara , Farhad Syed Farid Uddin , Rahman A. S. M. Asadur , Tanvir Nazmul Islam , Bashar Muhammad Shahriar , Bhuiyan Riyadh Hossen , Alam Md. Sha , Hossain Mohammad Sajjad , Rahman Mir Tamzid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Herein, paper mill waste sludge (PMS) from two different sources has been investigated to extract calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 by a facile and inexpensive extraction process. This green process exploits typical chemical precipitation (CP) in an aqueous medium at room temperature to develop an economically and industrially viable technique for the effective utilization of calcium-containing waste sludge. PMS samples, collected from local paper mill plants of Bangladesh, were the main precursors wherein HCl and NaOH were utilized for chemical treatment. The as-synthesized products were analyzed by a variety of characterization tools including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental analyses. Our studies confirm that the extracted product contains Ca(OH)2 as a major content, albeit it also includes CaCO3 phase formed owing to the inescapable carbonation process from the surrounding environment. The particle size of the synthesized products is in the range of 450 - 500 nm estimated from SEM micrographs. The crystallite domain size of the same estimated from XRD analyses and was found to be ~47 nm and ~31 nm respectively for product-A and product-B considering major (101) Bragg peak of Ca(OH)2. The yield percentage of the isolated products is about 65% for samples collected from both sources.
Machine Learning Based Algorithms to Impute PaO 2 from SpO2 Values and Development of an Online Calculator
Authors: Ren Shuangxia , Zupetic Jill A. , Tabary Mohammadreza , DeSensi Rebecca , Nouraie Mehdi , Lu Xinghua , Boyce Richard D. , Lee Janet S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We created an online calculator using machine learning algorithms to impute the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)/fraction of delivered oxygen (FiO2) ratio using the non-invasive peripheral saturation of oxygen (SpO2) and compared the accuracy of the machine learning models we developed to previously published equations. We generated three machine learning algorithms (neural network, regression, and kernel-based methods) using 7 clinical variable features (N=9,900 ICU events) and subsequently 3 features (N=20,198 ICU events) as input into the models. Data from mechanically ventilated ICU patients were obtained from the publicly available Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC III) database and used for analysis. Compared to seven features, three features (SpO2, FiO2 and PEEP) were sufficient to impute PaO2 from the SpO2. Any of the tested machine learning models enabled imputation of PaO2 from the SpO2 with lower error and showed greater accuracy in predicting PaO2/FiO2 < 150 compared to the previously published log-linear and non-linear equations. Imputation using data from an independent validation cohort of ICU patients (N = 133) from 2 hospitals within the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) showed greater accuracy with the neural network and kernel-based machine learning models compared to the previously published non-linear equation.
Using an Optical Reflectometer to Measure Caries Lesion Activity on Enamel
Authors: Carvalho Thiago Saads , Stauffacher Simone , Eick Sigrun , Litzenburger Friederike , Lussi Adrian , Neuhaus Klaus W. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Specular reflection can be used to quantify dental erosion, and might also provide similar results for caries. This study assessed the possibility of using specular reflection intensity (SRI; quantitative lesion activity assessment) to measure the progression of initial enamel caries lesions. Methods: Two hundred native enamel specimens and flat ground enamel specimens (n=100 each) were subjected to a 4-species biofilm caries model during 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks (n=20 each), to induce ‘active’ enamel caries lesions. Afterwards, to induce ‘inactive’ lesions, all specimens were continuously remineralized and brushed twice daily for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks. Change in specular reflection intensity (%SRI), visual caries detection (ICDAS) and visual caries severity assessment were performed for all active lesions and during the remineralization phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken for qualitative analysis. Results: For active lesions, %SRI dropped from 100% to about 80% in native enamel, and to about 15% in polished enamel. Remineralization/brushing increased %SRI in native enamel, but not in polished enamel. The comparison with visual caries scores yielded a better linear relationship of %SRI with early enamel lesion where caries was induced for up to 6 weeks. Conclusion: The use of the optical reflectometer for the assessment of caries lesion activity seemed to work better for early caries lesions and for polished specimens.
Deep Learning for Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Resection or Liver Transplantation: a Discovery and Validation Study
Authors: Liu Zhikun , Liu Yuanpeng , Zhang Wenhui , Hong Yuan , Meng Jinwen , Wang Jianguo , Zheng Shusen , Xu Xiao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: There is a growing need for new improved classifiers of prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients to stratify them effectively. Methods: A deep learning model was developed on a total of 1118 patients from 4 independent cohorts. A nucleus map set (n = 120) was used to train U-net to capture the nuclear architecture. The training set (n = 552) included HCC patients that had been treated by resection. The liver transplantation (LT) set (n = 144) contained patients with HCC that had been treated by LT. The train set and its nuclear architectural information extracted by U-net were used to train the MobileNet V2-based classifier (MobileNetV2_HCC_Class). The classifier was then independently tested on the LT set and externally validated on the TCGA set (n = 302). The primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS).Results: The MobileNetV2_HCC_Class was a strong predictor of RFS in both LT set and TCGA set. The classifier provided a hazard ratio of 3.44 (95% CI 2.01–5.87, p<0.001) for high risk versus low risk in the LT set, and 2.55 (95% CI: 1.64–3.99, p<0.001) when known prognostic factors, remarkable in univariable analyses on the same cohort, were adjusted. The MobileNetV2_HCC_Class maintained a relatively higher discriminatory power [time-dependent area under curve (AUC)] than other factors after LT or resection in the independent validation set. A pathological review demonstrated that tumoral areas with the highest recurrence predictability featured the following features: the presence of stroma, a high degree of cytological atypia, nuclear hyperchromasia, and a lack of immune cell infiltration.Conclusion: A prognostic classifier for clinical purposes had been proposed based on the use of deep learning on histological slides from HCC patients. This classifier assists in refining the prognostic prediction of HCC patients and identifies patients who have been benefited from more intensive management.
Removing MBD Using Fe2O3 NPs Modified by FeCl3 (0.1 M and 0.3 mM) With Myrtle Leaf Extract As Environmental Application
Authors: Aziz Wisam , Abid Muslim , Jumaa Aya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using FeCl3 (0.1 M and 0.3 M) with myrtle leaf extract for of methylene blue dye (MBD) degradation under visible light irradiation (100-watt halogen lamp) as environmental application. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the polycrystalline structure of Fe2O3 material with miller indices confirmed the presence of iron oxide with average crystalline sizes (15.59-16.8 nm) synthesized by (0.1M - 0.3mM) concentrations of FeCl3. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy revealed rods-like and spherical shapes of Fe2O3 nanoparticles, with an average particle size of 25 to 67 nm, covered the whole top surface of structure. Moreover, the change of the color of the iron oxide NPs from brown to dark brown enhances the transformation of the properties of the material obtained by adding the biomass which gives the absorbance peaks around 265-350 nm and energy band gaps (3 and 3.7 eV) using UV/VIS spectrometer. The methylene blue degradation efficiencies of Fe2O3 NPs prepared by plant extract and FeCl3 with concentrations (0.1 M and 0.3 mM) were 86.3% after 150 min and 90% after 120 min respectively.
Interactive Hybrid Medical Conference in Japan
Authors: Shiokawa Yasunari , Mori Noriko , Sakusabe Takaya , Imai Takeshi , Watanabe Hiroshi , Kimura Michio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper reports medical informatics conference held in November 2020, which is under influence of CoVID-19, in hybrid way. The methods taken to ensure presenters, chairpersons, participants, supporting staffs, vendors seamless infrastructure regardless of on line or on site. This made question answer session rich as usual. Some other outcomes newly made possible are reported, such as demonstration shown on big personal screen, much better than slide projector screen, new participants who became able to participate over prefecture boundaries in challenged times.