bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent real‐world application of a clinical‐grade automated prostate cancer detection system
Authors: da Silva Leonard M , Pereira Emilio M , Salles Paulo GO , Godrich Ran , Ceballos Rodrigo , Kunz Jeremy D , Casson Adam , Viret Julian , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Ferreira Carlos Gil , Ferrari Bruno , Rothrock Brandon , Raciti Patricia , Reuter Victor , Dogdas Belma , DeMuth George , Sue Jillian , Kanan Christopher , Grady Leo , Fuchs Thomas J , Reis‐Filho Jorge S 
Published: April 2021

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI)‐based systems applied to histopathology whole‐slide images have the potential to improve patient care through mitigation of challenges posed by diagnostic variability, histopathology caseload, and shortage of pathologists. We sought to define the performance of an AI‐based automated prostate cancer detection system, Paige Prostate, when applied to independent real‐world data. The algorithm was employed to classify slides into two categories: benign (no further review needed) or suspicious (additional histologic and/or immunohistochemical analysis required). We assessed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs), and negative predictive values (NPVs) of a local pathologist, two central pathologists, and Paige Prostate in the diagnosis of 600 transrectal ultrasound‐guided prostate needle core biopsy regions (‘part‐specimens’) from 100 consecutive patients, and to ascertain the impact of Paige Prostate on diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Paige Prostate displayed high sensitivity (0.99; CI 0.96–1.0), NPV (1.0; CI 0.98–1.0), and specificity (0.93; CI 0.90–0.96) at the part‐specimen level. At the patient level, Paige Prostate displayed optimal sensitivity (1.0; CI 0.93–1.0) and NPV (1.0; CI 0.91–1.0) at a specificity of 0.78 (CI 0.64–0.89). The 27 part‐specimens considered by Paige Prostate as suspicious, whose final diagnosis was benign, were found to comprise atrophy (n = 14), atrophy and apical prostate tissue (n = 1), apical/benign prostate tissue (n = 9), adenosis (n = 2), and post‐atrophic hyperplasia (n = 1). Paige Prostate resulted in the identification of four additional patients whose diagnoses were upgraded from benign/suspicious to malignant. Additionally, this AI‐based test provided an estimated 65.5% reduction of the diagnostic time for the material analyzed. Given its optimal sensitivity and NPV, Paige Prostate has the potential to be employed for the automated identification of patients whose histologic slides could forgo full histopathologic review. In addition to providing incremental improvements in diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, this AI‐based system identified patients whose prostate cancers were not initially diagnosed by three experienced histopathologists. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for oligoprogressive lesions in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients during abiraterone/enzalutamide treatment
Authors: Onal Cem , Kose Fatih , Ozyigit Gokhan , Aksoy Sercan , Oymak Ezgi , Muallaoglu Sadik , Guler Ozan C. , Tilki Burak , Hurmuz Pervin , Akyol Fadil 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMetastasis‐directed therapy (MDT) utilizing stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for oligoprogressive lesions could provide a delay in next‐line systemic treatment (NEST) change while undergoing androgen receptor‐targeted agents (ARTA) treatment. We evaluated prognostic factors for prostate cancer‐specific survival (PCSS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) to characterize patients receiving treatment with ARTA who may benefit from MDT for oligoprogressive lesions. The impact of MDT on delaying NEST and the predictive factors for NEST‐free survival (NEST‐FS) were also assessed.Materials and MethodsThe clinical data of 54 metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients with 126 oligoprogressive lesions receiving abiraterone (1 g/day) or enzalutamide (160 mg/day) before or after systemic chemotherapy were analyzed. A median of three lesions (range: 1–5) were treated with MDT. The primary endpoints were PCSS and PFS. The secondary endpoints were time to switch to NEST and NEST‐FS.ResultsThe median follow‐up time was 19.1 months. Univariate analysis showed that the number of oligoprogressive lesions treated with SBRT and the time between the start of ARTA treatment and oligoprogression were significant prognostic factors for PCSS, and the timing of ARTA treatment (before or after chemotherapy) and the prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) response after MDT were significant prognostic factors for PFS. Multivariate analysis showed that early MDT for oligoprogressive lesions delivered less than 6 months after the beginning of ARTA and higher PSA levels after MDT were significant predictors of worse PCSS and PFS. The median total duration of ARTA treatment was 13.8 months. The median time between the start of ARTA treatment and the start of MDT for oligoprogressive lesions was 5.2 months, and MDT extended the ARTA treatment by 8.6 months on average. Thirty‐two (59.3%) patients continued ARTA treatment after MDT. ARTA treatment after chemotherapy, early oligoprogression requiring MDT, and lower radiation doses for MDT were independent predictors of NEST‐FS in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsMDT for oligoprogressive lesions is effective and may provide several benefits compared to switching from ARTA treatment to NEST. Patients with early progression while on ARTAs and inadequate PSA responses after MDT have a greater risk of rapid disease progression and poor survival, which necessitates intensified treatment.
New results on the uniform exponential stability of nonautonomous perturbed dynamical systems
Authors: Benjemaa Mondher , Gouadri Wided , Hammami Mohamed Ali 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the asymptotic behaviors of the solutions of nonlinear dynamic systems nearby an equilibrium point, when the nominal parts are subject to non‐necessarily small perturbations. We show that, under some estimates on the perturbation term, the equilibrium point remains (globally) uniformly exponentially stable. The obtained stability results can easily be applied in practice since they are based on the Gronwall–Bellman inequalities rather than the classical Lyapunov methods that require the knowledge of a Lyapunov function. Several numerical examples, as well as an application to control and mechanical systems, are given in illustration.
Preparation and Characterization of Perlite/Starch/SWCNT‐Glucose Bionanocomposite for Pathogen Detection**
Authors: Chegeni Mahdieh , Mehri Mozhgan , Dehdashtian Sara , Hosseini Mehdi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, the perlite/starch/single‐walled carbon nanotube‐glucose was prepared by ultrasonication method, and its application was evaluated for drug delivery system. The structure of as‐prepared bionanocomposite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field‐emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The properties of single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) were modified by using natrural compounds, then the as‐prepared bionanocomposite was used as a carrier for curcumin. The Entrapment Efficiency (EE) of curcumin was studied by considering several parameters such as curcumin concentration, bionanocomposite amount, and time. The release of curcumin from bionanocomposite was investigated at pHs (4.5, 7.5), then the curcumin‐loaded bionanocomposite was applied against Gram negative (Escherichia coli), Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), and Candida albicans. Under the optimum conditions, the perlite/starch/single‐walled carbon nanotube‐glucose can be applied as a drug carrier, which can be acted against bacteria and fungal.
The Influence of Silicon Nanopillars Structure as the Substrate on the SnO2‐Based Gas Sensor
Authors: Liu Jing , Xu Yuanze , Liang Xiaoxiao , Yan Mingming , Wang Bo , Zhang Tianchong , Yi Futing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTin dioxide (SnO2) film is fabricated on the Silicon (Si) nanopillars surface with more than 5 aspect ratio via direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering for the first time. Form the XRD curves, SnO2 film become multi‐crystalline after annealing at 750 °C with 2 hours, and the nanopillars substrates have no influence on the crystallization of the SnO2 film. For the morphology, the SnO2 film on the polished Si surface becomes from planar to plicated after annealing, while there is no morphology change of the SnO2 film on Si nanopillars surface, which proves that the Si nanopillars surface is more suitable for heat and stress release during the annealing process. After testing the gas sensor properties of the SnO2 based gas sensors, the results reveal that the nanopillars based gas sensors have the higher gas response than the planar ones no matter for ethanol or acetone, with or without Au decoration. The Si nanopillars substrate with high aspect ratio makes the SnO2 film to have a larger surface to contact with air and target gas, and to have more defects to react with O2 and reducing gas molecules, which may be a promise method to fabricate the gas sensor with high response.
Synthesis of NU‐87 Zeolite via Aging and Dual‐Templating Methods
Authors: Shang Weixiang , Li Peilun , Dai Weili , Wu Guangjun , Guan Naijia , Li Landong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNU‐87, a kind of high‐silica zeolite with NES topology, was considered as a potential industrial catalyst due to its controllable surface acidity, high thermal/hydrothermal stability, and unique parallel 10‐membered ring (MR) channels connected with 12‐MR cavities. However, the long crystallization time, the poor repeatability of synthesis and the expensive structure‐directing agent (SDA) of decamethonium bromide (DecBr2) used obstruct its industrial applications. In this work, according to the careful study on the influence of synthesis conditions, two methods were developed for synthesis of NU‐87 zeolite. By aging method in the assistance of crystal seeds, the crystallization time of NU‐87 zeolite could be reduced from 10 days to 2.5 days. The interaction between the synthesis precursors and the SDA plays a key role in the synthesis of NU‐87 zeolite. Moreover, NU‐87 zeolite could also be synthesized by a dual‐templating method. 1,3‐propanediamine (PDA) and 1,4‐butanediamine (BDA) could work as the secondary SDAs, which could partially replace the original expensive SDA of DecBr2. In the case of PDA, the DecBr2 could be decreased to 50 % of the original dosage. Finally, the catalytic performance of H‐NU‐87 zeolite was evaluated in the methanol to hydrocarbon reaction. Referred to H‐ZSM‐5, the H‐NU‐87 zeolite presented higher selectivity to gasoline but shorter catalytic life due to its stronger acidity.
Preparation of Reduced ZnO/Ag Nanocomposites by a Green Microwave‐Assisted Method and Their Applications in Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye, and as Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents
Authors: Saranya Arumugam , Murad Alsawalha , Thamer Alomayri , Priyadharsan Arumugam , Maheshwaran Palanimalai 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this present study, we report a facile microwave assisted green synthesis of ZnO/Ag nanocomposites (denoted as G‐ZnO/Ag NCs) by employing Tridax procumbens leaf extract as a green solvent for photocatalytic, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities. The prepared nanocomposites was characterized by various techniques to study its crystallinity, morphology, structure, chemical composition, optical properties, and so on. The nanocomposites exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance (90.2 %) toward methylene blue degradation when irradiated under visible light (120 min). Furthermore, the G‐ZnO/Ag NCs showed good reusable properties up to four consecutive cycles. In addition, the resultant nanocomposites showed significant antimicrobial activity with the zones of inhibition of 9.85±0.12 and 10.51±0.63 mm against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and 11.98±0.22 and 13.76±0.12 mm against gram‐negative (Escherichia coli), bacteria respectively, as measured using the well diffusion method. Although, the in‐vitro cytotoxicity test showed 39.58 % viability of MCF‐7 cells. In summary, this study suggest that G‐ZnO/Ag NCs as a promising tool for wastewater treatment and nano biomedical applications using low cost and eco‐friendly approach.
Boundaries, Vermas and factorisation
Authors: Bullimore Mathew , Crew Samuel , Zhang Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We revisit the factorisation of supersymmetric partition functions of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 gauge theories. The building blocks are hemisphere partition functions of a class of UV $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (2, 2) boundary conditions that mimic the presence of isolated vacua at infinity in the presence of real mass and FI parameters. These building blocks can be unambiguously defined and computed using supersymmetric localisation. We show that certain limits of these hemisphere partition functions coincide with characters of lowest weight Verma mod- ules over the quantised Higgs and Coulomb branch chiral rings. This leads to expressions for the superconformal index, twisted index and S3 partition function in terms of such characters. On the way we uncover new connections between boundary ’t Hooft anomalies, hemisphere partition functions and lowest weights of Verma modules.
Patients’ perception of coercion with respect to antipsychotic treatment of psychotic disorders and its predictors
Authors: Hirsch Sophie , Thilo Nancy , Steinert Tilman , Flammer Erich 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The present study investigates perceived coercion in psychiatric inpatients under prescribed antipsychotic medication without a court order. The objective of this study was to investigate whether and to what extent involuntary and voluntary inpatients feel coerced to take their medication and which factors affect perceived coercion.

Methods
Voluntarily and involuntarily admitted patients (55 and 36, respectively) were interviewed about the extent of perceived coercion. In addition, socio-demographic and clinical data were collected. The Admission Experience Scale (aAES) was used to assess perceived coercion concerning medication. To measure insight into illness, attitude towards medication, and symptom severity, we used a questionnaire on insight into illness (FKE-10), the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10), and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-24), respectively.

Results
Voluntarily treated patients experienced significantly less coercion when taking prescribed medication in inpatient settings than involuntarily treated patients. The experience of coercion was not related to socio-demographic or clinical variables nor to the BPRS-24 score, but to insight into illness and attitude towards medication. Patients who had experienced at least one coercive measure during the index hospital stay showed a higher level of perceived coercion.

Conclusion
Perceived coercion related to medication is dependent on insight into illness and experience of previous coercive interventions rather than on the severity of psychopathological symptoms. These findings are very similar to a previous study in a forensic psychiatric sample. Having experience of at least one coercive measure seems to be a decisive aspect of the extent of the patients’ perceived coercion.
A stacked dense denoising–segmentation network for undersampled tomograms and knowledge transfer using synthetic tomograms
Authors: Bellos Dimitrios , Basham Mark , Pridmore Tony , French Andrew P. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOver recent years, many approaches have been proposed for the denoising or semantic segmentation of X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans. In most cases, high-quality CT reconstructions are used; however, such reconstructions are not always available. When the X-ray exposure time has to be limited, undersampled tomograms (in terms of their component projections) are attained. This low number of projections offers low-quality reconstructions that are difficult to segment. Here, we consider CT time-series (i.e. 4D data), where the limited time for capturing fast-occurring temporal events results in the time-series tomograms being necessarily undersampled. Fortunately, in these collections, it is common practice to obtain representative highly sampled tomograms before or after the time-critical portion of the experiment. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end network that can learn to denoise and segment the time-series’ undersampled CTs, by training with the earlier highly sampled representative CTs. Our single network can offer two desired outputs while only training once, with the denoised output improving the accuracy of the final segmentation. Our method is able to outperform state-of-the-art methods in the task of semantic segmentation and offer comparable results in regard to denoising. Additionally, we propose a knowledge transfer scheme using synthetic tomograms. This not only allows accurate segmentation and denoising using less real-world data, but also increases segmentation accuracy. Finally, we make our datasets, as well as the code, publicly available.
Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis pre- and post-lenalidomide treatment in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with isolated deletion (5q)
Authors: Hecht Anna , Meyer Julia A. , Jann Johann-Christoph , Sockel Katja , Giagounidis Aristoteles , Götze Katharina S. , Letsch Anne , Haase Detlef , Schlenk Richard F. , Haferlach Torsten , Schafhausen Philippe , Bug Gesine , Lübbert Michael , Thol Felicitas , Büsche Guntram , Schuler Esther , Nowak Verena , Obländer Julia , Fey Stephanie , Müller Nadine , Metzgeroth Georgia , Hofmann Wolf-Karsten , Germing Ulrich , Nolte Florian , Reinwald Mark , Nowak Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with isolated deletion of chromosome 5q (MDS del5q) is a distinct subtype of MDS with quite favorable prognosis and excellent response to treatment with lenalidomide. Still, a relevant percentage of patients do not respond to lenalidomide and even experience progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether global DNA methylation patterns could predict response to lenalidomide. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using Illumina 450k methylation arrays was performed on n=51 patients with MDS del5q who were uniformly treated with lenalidomide in a prospective multicenter trial of the German MDS study group. To study potential direct effects of lenalidomide on DNA methylation, 17 paired samples pre- and post-treatment were analyzed. Our results revealed no relevant effect of lenalidomide on methylation status. Furthermore, methylation patterns prior to therapy could not predict lenalidomide response. However, methylation clustering identified a group of patients with a trend towards inferior overall survival. These patients showed hypermethylation of several interesting target genes, including genes of relevant signaling pathways, potentially indicating the evaluation of novel therapeutic targets.
Hostility in medication-resistant major depression and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder is related to increased hippocampal–amygdala 5-HT2A receptor density
Authors: Baeken Chris , Xu Yanfeng , Wu Guo-Rong , Dockx Robrecht , Peremans Kathelijne , De Raedt Rudi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are severe and difficult-to-treat psychiatric illnesses with high rates of comorbidity. Although both disorders are treated with serotonergic based psychotropic agents, little is known on the influence of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system on the occurrence of comorbid GAD when clinically depressed. To investigate this poorly understood clinical question, we examined the involvement of frontolimbic post-synaptic 5-HT2A receptors in 20 medication-resistant depressed (MRD) patients with half of them diagnosed with comorbid GAD with 123I-5-I-R91150 SPECT. To explore whether 5-HT2A receptor-binding indices (BI) associated with comorbid GAD could be related to distinct psychopathological symptoms, all were assessed with the symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). MRD patients with comorbid GAD displayed significantly higher 5-HT2A receptor BI in the hippocampal–amygdala complex, compared to MRD patients without GAD. Correlation analyses revealed that the 5-HT2A receptor BI in these areas were significantly related to the SCL-90-R subscale hostility (HOS), especially for those MRD patients with comorbid GAD. Comorbid MRD-GAD may be characterized with increased hippocampal–amygdala 5-HT2A receptor BI which could represent enhanced levels in hostility in such kinds of patients. Adapted psychotherapeutic interventions may be warranted.
Burnout and posttraumatic stress symptoms in police officers exposed to traumatic events: the mediating role of ruminations
Authors: Ogińska-Bulik Nina , Juczyński Zygfryd 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Police work carries the risk of burnout in the form of exhaustion and disengagement from work. Police officers are also exposed to traumatic events and the development of PTSD. The main aim of the cross-sectional study was to determine the mediating role played by rumination in the relationship between burnout and PTSD among police officers. It also examines whether burnout is a significant prognostic factor for PTSD symptoms.

Methods
Data were obtained from a sample of 120 police officers. Of these one hundred, mostly men (83%), aged 23–47 years (M = 33.06, SD = 5.61), confirmed the experience of traumatic events in connection with their professional work. Three standard measuring tools were used: The Posttraumatic Checklist for DSM-5, The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory OBI, and The Event-Related Rumination Inventory.

Results
The introduction of intrusive ruminating as an intermediary variable made the relationship between job burnout and PTSD non-significant, which indicates full mediation. The introduction of deliberate rumination as a mediator weakens the relationship between burnout and PTSD, which indicates partial mediation. It indicates that police officers who are burnout and who additionally tend to ruminate about experienced traumatic events are more likely to PTSD than police officers who are only burned out.

Conclusion
Intervention programs for police officers should focus on strengthening stress management resources in the form of developing deliberate ruminations, thus allowing the experienced situations to be given a new meaning and to allow better coping.