bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human and animal fertility studies in cystinosis reveal signs of obstructive azoospermia, an altered blood‐testis barrier and a subtherapeutic effect of cysteamine in testis
Authors: Reda Ahmed , Veys Koenraad , Kadam Prashant , Taranta Anna , Rega Laura Rita , Goffredo Bianca M. , Camps Chelsea , Besouw Martine , Cyr Daniel , Albersen Maarten , Spiessens Carl , de Wever Liesbeth , Hamer Robert , Janssen Mirian C.H. , D'Hauwers Kathleen , Wetzels Alex , Monnens Leo , van den Heuvel Lambertus , Goossens Ellen , Levtchenko Elena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCystinosis is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the CTNS gene leading to lysosomal cystine accumulation. The disease primarily affects the kidneys followed by extra‐renal organ involvement later in life. Azoospermia is one of the unclarified complications which are not improved by cysteamine, which is the only available disease‐modifying treatment. We aimed at unraveling the origin of azoospermia in cysteamine‐treated cystinosis by confirming or excluding an obstructive factor, and investigating the effect of cysteamine on fertility in the Ctns−/− mouse model compared with wild type. Azoospermia was present in the vast majority of infantile type cystinosis patients. While spermatogenesis was intact, an enlarged caput epididymis and reduced levels of seminal markers for obstruction neutral α‐glucosidase (NAG) and extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) pointed towards an epididymal obstruction. Histopathological examination in human and mouse testis revealed a disturbed blood‐testis barrier characterized by an altered zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) protein expression. Animal studies ruled out a negative effect of cysteamine on fertility, but showed that cystine accumulation in the testis is irresponsive to regular cysteamine treatment. We conclude that the azoospermia in infantile cystinosis is due to an obstruction related to epididymal dysfunction, irrespective of the severity of an evolving primary hypogonadism. Regular cysteamine treatment does not affect fertility but has subtherapeutic effects on cystine accumulation in testis.
Supply‐controlled calcium carbonate dissolution decouples the seasonal dissolved oxygen andpHminima in Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Su Jianzhong , Cai Wei‐Jun , Testa Jeremy M. , Brodeur Jean R. , Chen Baoshan , Scaboo K. Michael , Li Ming , Shen Chunqi , Dolan Margaret , Xu Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Yafeng , Hussain Najid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcidification can present a stress on organisms and habitats in estuaries in addition to hypoxia. Although oxygen and pH decreases are generally coupled due to aerobic respiration, pH dynamics may be more complex given the multiple modes of buffering in the carbonate system. We studied the seasonal cycle of dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and calcium ion (Ca2+) along the main channel of Chesapeake Bay from May to October in 2016. Contrary to the expected co‐occurrence of seasonal DO and pH declines in subsurface water, we found that the pH decline ended in June while the DO decline continued until August in mid‐Chesapeake Bay. We discovered that aerobic respiration was strong from May to August, but carbonate dissolution was minor in May and June and became substantial in August, which buffered further pH declines and caused the seasonal DO and pH minima mismatch. The rate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) dissolution was not primarily controlled by the saturation state in bottom water, but was instead likely controlled by the supply of CaCO3particles. The seasonal variability of Ca2+addition in the mid‐bay was connected to Ca2+removal in the upper bay, and the timing of high carbonate dissolution coincided with peak seasonal biomass of upper Bay submerged aquatic vegetation. This study suggests a mechanism for a novel decoupling of DO and pH in estuarine waters associated with CaCO3, but future studies are needed to fully investigate the seasonality of physical transport and cycling of CaCO3.
Fabrication of Robust, Shape Recoverable, Macroporous Bacterial Cellulose Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Xun Xiaowei , Li Yaqiang , Zhu Xiangbo , Zhang Quanchao , Lu Ying , Yang Zhiwei , Wan Yizao , Yao Fanglian , Deng Xiaoyan , Luo Honglin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecently, the fabricating of three‐dimensional (3D) macroporous bacterial cellulose (MP‐BC) scaffolds with mechanically disintegrated BC fragments has attracted considerable attention. However, the successful implementation of these materials depends mainly on their mechanical stability and robustness. Here, a non‐toxic crosslinker, 1‐ethyl‐3‐(‐3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N‐hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS), is employed to induce crosslinking reactions between BC fragments. In addition to their large pore sizes, the EDC/NHS‐crosslinked MP‐BC scaffolds exhibit excellent compression properties and shape recovery ability, owing to the EDC/NHS‐induced crosslinking on the BC nanofibers. The results of in vitro studies reveal that the biocompatibility of MP‐BC scaffolds is better than that of pristine BC scaffolds because the former provided more space for cell proliferation. The results of in vivo studies show that the neocartilage tissue with native cartilage appearance and abundant cartilage‐specific extracellular matrix deposition is successfully regenerated in nude mice. The findings reveal the immense application potential of mechanically robust BC scaffolds with controllable pore sizes and shape‐recoverable properties in tissue engineering.
Factors associated with refeeding hypophosphatemia in adolescents and young adults hospitalized with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Kells Meredith , Gregas Matt , Wolfe Barbara E. , Garber Andrea K. , Kelly‐Weeder Susan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundRefeeding hypophosphatemia (RH) in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) is a potentially fatal complication of nutrition restoration; yet, little is known about risk. This retrospective cohort study examined factors found in hospitalized youth with AN that may contribute to RH.MethodsWe reviewed medical records of 300 individuals diagnosed with AN admitted between the years of 2010 and 2016. Logistic regression examined factors associated with RH. Multivariate regression examined factors associated with phosphorus nadir.ResultsFor 300 participants, the mean (SD) age was 15.5 (2.5) years, 88.3% were White, and 88.3% were female. Participants lost an average of 11.3 (9.7) kg of body weight and were 82% (12.1) of median body mass index (BMI). Age (P = .022), nasogastric (NG) tube feeding (P = .054), weight gain (P = .003), potassium level (P = .001), and magnesium level (P = .024) were contributors to RH. Odds of RH were 13.7 times higher for each unit reduction in magnesium, 9.2 times higher for each unit reduction in potassium, three times higher in those who received NG feeding, 1.5 times higher for each kg of weight gain, and 1.2 times higher for each year of age. Regarding phosphorus nadir, serum magnesium level (P < .001) and admission BMI (P = .002) contributed significantly.ConclusionThe results indicate that age, NG feeding, weight gain, electrolyte abnormalities, and BMI on admission are potential indicators of the development of RH in youth. This study identifies clinical risk factors associated with RH and may guide further investigation.
The dark side of empathy: Meta‐analysis evidence of the relationship between empathy and depression
Authors: Yan Zhiqiang , Zeng Xiao , Su Jinlong , Zhang Xiaoxi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRegardless of a large amount of literature, whether empathy closely relates to depression is far from conclusive. The present study collected previous evidence and performed a meta‐analysis to investigate the correlation between empathy and depression. By searching databases, 21 studies and 48 effect sizes were collected. Results showed that empathy was not correlated to depression (r = .006, p = .87). However, subgroup analyses showed that while the relationship between affective empathy and depression was significantly positively correlated (r = .108, p < .01), cognitive empathy was not (r = −.03, p = .26). Additionally, the relationship between empathy and depression varied during development, with a positive correlation in adolescence (r = .084, p < .01) and negative correlation in older adults (r = −.191, p < .001). Results implied that affective empathy might be one of the risk factors for depression, and higher affective empathy might mean more vulnerability to depression. Further studies would help by examining when and how this relationship builds, as well as the contributing factors of its development.
Registration of three soybean germplasms with novel cyst nematode resistance from PI 567516C
Authors: Fritz Lisa A. , Arelli Prakash R. , Mengistu Alemu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasm lines JTN‐5316 (Reg. no. GP‐443, PI 691524), JTN‐5416 (Reg. no. GP‐444, PI 691525), and JTN‐5516 (Reg. no. GP‐445, PI 691526) were released by the USDA‐ARS in 2019 and trace 25% of their pedigree to PI 567516C. These F6–derived sister lines are the first releases derived from this accession. The new lines were developed to provide broad genetic resistance to the predominant damaging pest of soybean in the United States, soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), by combining the novel genetic resistance of PI 567516C with the established resistance of ‘Hartwig’. Development of these lines was characterized by intensive selection of F3 plants based on agronomic characteristics and simple sequence repeat markers associated with SCN resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) in PI 567516C and Hartwig. The new lines have inherited resistance alleles at five QTL: two originating from PI 567516C and three originating from Hartwig, across four chromosomes. The lines were evaluated for and exhibit varying levels of resistance to other economically important pathogens of soybean, including: reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Oliveira), frogeye leaf spot (caused by Cercospora sojina Hara), and southern stem canker (caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis F. A. Fernández). JTN‐5316, JTN‐5416, and JTN‐5516 were field tested for multiple years in Jackson and Milan, TN, and produce moderate seed yield. These determinate maturity group (MG) V germplasm lines are excellent parent material for breeding programs with an interest in incorporating broad genetic resistance to SCN.
The 6‐month effect of whole soy and purified isoflavones daidzein on thyroid function—A double‐blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial among Chinese equol‐producing postmenopausal women
Authors: Liu Zhao‐min , Zhang Di , Li Guoyi , Ho Suzanne C. , Chen Yu‐ming , Ma Jing , Huang Qi , Li Shuyi , Ling Wen‐hua 
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of whole soy and purified daidzein on markers of thyroid function in Chinese postmenopausal women who were equol‐producers. Total 270 eligible women were randomized to either one of the three isocaloric supplements: 40 g soy flour (whole soy group), 40 g low‐fat milk powder +63 mg daidzein (daidzein group) or 40 g low‐fat milk powder (placebo) daily for 6 months. Serum thyroid markers were tested at baseline and 6 months for thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, reverse triiodothyronine and free thyroxine (FT4). There was no significant difference in the 6‐month changes of thyroid markers among the three groups. Subgroup analysis among women with lowered thyroid function suggested a modest decrease of FT4. This randomized controlled trial among Chinese equol‐producing postmenopausal women indicates the consumption of whole soy and purified daidzein at the provided dosages are safe and have no detrimental effect on thyroid function.
Finding Solutions of the Navier‐Stokes Equations through Quantum Computing—Recent Progress, a Generalization, and Next Steps Forward
Authors: Gaitan Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEfficient simulation of a quantum system's dynamics is expected to be an important application area for quantum computers as existing classical computers cannot do this. However, quantum systems are not unique in being hard to simulate. For example, classical nonlinear continuum systems and fields are governed by nonlinear partial differential equations whose solution is also hard for classical computers. Solving such equations is essential for many economically important industries/applications such as the aerospace industry, weather‐forecasting, fiber‐optics communication, and plasma magneto‐hydrodynamics. This raises the question: can a quantum computer speed‐up solving these equations? In this Review, a new quantum algorithm is described for solving nonlinear partial differential equations for which the answer is yes. First, a new quantum algorithm is discussed for solving the Navier‐Stokes nonlinear partial differential equations which govern the flow of a viscous fluid. Its construction, verification, and computational cost are described, and it is shown that a significant quantum speed‐up is possible. Its generalization to a quantum algorithm for solving nonlinear partial differential equations is described. The Review closes with a discussion of next steps forward. These new quantum algorithms open up a large new application area for quantum computing with substantial economic impact, including the trillion‐dollar aerospace industry.
Predictive generalized varying‐coefficient longitudinal model
Authors: Kim Seonjin , Ryan Cho Hyunkeun , Kim Mi‐Ok 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe propose a nonparametric bivariate varying coefficient generalized linear model to predict a mean response trajectory in the future given an individual's characteristics at present or an earlier time point in a longitudinal study. Given the measurement time of the predictors, the coefficients vary as functions of the future time over which the prediction of the mean response is concerned and illustrate the dynamic association between the future response and the earlier measured predictors. We use a nonparametric approach that takes advantage of features of both the kernel and the spline methods for estimation. The resulting coefficient estimator is asymptotically consistent under mild regularity conditions. We also develop a new bootstrap approach to construct simultaneous confidence bands for statistical inference about the coefficients and the predicted response trajectory based on the coverage rate of bootstrap estimates. We use the Framingham Heart Study to illustrate the methodology. The proposed procedure is applied to predict the probability trajectory of hypertension risk given individuals' health condition in early adulthood and to examine the impact of risk factors in early adulthood on a long‐term risk of hypertension over several decades.
A simplified stochastic EM algorithm for cure rate model with negative binomial competing risks: An application to breast cancer data
Authors: Pal Suvra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article, a long‐term survival model under competing risks is considered. The unobserved number of competing risks is assumed to follow a negative binomial distribution that can capture both over‐ and under‐dispersion. Considering the latent competing risks as missing data, a variation of the well‐known expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, called the stochastic EM algorithm (SEM), is developed. It is shown that the SEM algorithm avoids calculation of complicated expectations, which is a major advantage of the SEM algorithm over the EM algorithm. The proposed procedure also allows the objective function to be split into two simpler functions, one corresponding to the parameters associated with the cure rate and the other corresponding to the parameters associated with the progression times. The advantage of this approach is that each simple function, with lower parameter dimension, can be maximized independently. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to compare the performances of the SEM and EM algorithms. Finally, a breast cancer survival data is analyzed and it is shown that the SEM algorithm performs better than the EM algorithm.
Two 1D Silver(I) Coordination Polymers with 1,3‐Bis(4‐pyridyl) propane and Aromatic Carboxylate Anions: Synthesis, Structure and Photocatalytic Behavior
Authors: Kulovi Somnath , Nandi Laxmikanta , Puschmann Horst , Zangrando Ennio , Dalai Sudipta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTwo coordination polymers, {[Ag(bpp)]6(tma)2.28(H2O)}n (1) and {[Ag4(bpp)4(bda)2].12(H2O)}n (2) (where bpp=1,3‐bis(4‐pyridyl) propane, H3tma=trimesic acid, H2bda=1,3‐benzenediacetic acid), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. In both the compounds the metal ions are connected by bridging dipyridine ligands to form cationic undulated 1D coordination polymers [Ag(bpp)]n counterbalanced by the organic anions. However, in 2 the bda anions participate in metal coordination connecting the polymers in pair. It is worth of note that six and four crystallographic independent Ag(bpp) units are present in the unit cell of 1 and 2, respectively, a feature likely affected by the conformational freedom of bpp ligands, although experimental conditions, solvent and packing effect cannot be ruled out. In both the compounds the crystal packing shows an extensive network of H‐bonds realized by the numerous water molecules and the anionic organic species. The band gap energies of 1 and 2 were calculated in order to explain their activity towards the degradation of toxic methylene blue dye, and compound 1 was found to be more efficient for this purpose.
Ethane Direct Dehydrogenation over Carbon Nanotubes and Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Bychko Igor , Abakumov Alexander , Nikolenko Andrii , Selyshchev O. V. , Zahn D. R. T. , Khavrus Vyacheslav O. , Tang Jianguo , Strizhak Peter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe catalytic activity of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the ethane direct dehydrogenation reaction at temperatures up to 700 oC was studied. Obtained materials were characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies. The selectivity for ethylene of 80–90 % was achieved. The high stability of catalysts at 700 °C was demonstrated. It was shown that ethane and hydrogen are adsorbed on the same adsorption sites and hydrogen suppresses ethane dehydrogenation.
Comparing multidimensional facets of stress with social, emotional, and physical well‐being using ecological momentary assessment among a Hispanic sample
Authors: Zawadzki Matthew J. , Hussain Maryam , Kho Carmen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStress is multidimensional, including exposure, subjective appraisals, perceived coping, rumination, and worry. Although research has shown each dimension can predict poor social, emotional, and subjective well‐being, rarely have these dimensions of stress been compared as one is experiencing stress. This paper used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to repeatedly measure stress dimensions and self‐reported health to test whether each stress dimension has a unique relationship with well‐being over time at the between‐person and within‐person levels. Participants (n = 165, 79.6% female) were Hispanic undergraduates, who completed EMAs twice a day for 14 consecutive days, resulting in 3,436 EMAs and 1,987 morning sleep observations. At each EMA, participants reported on the dimensions of stress, feelings of loneliness and belongingness (social well‐being), levels of sadness, happiness, and anxiety (emotional well‐being), and how healthy they felt (subjective well‐being). Sleep quality and duration (subjective well‐being) were assessed each morning. Multilevel models revealed few relationships at the between‐person level. At the within‐person level, appraisals, coping, rumination, and worry consistently predicted social, emotional, and subjective well‐being. Lagged analyses suggested some relationships for appraisal, coping, and worry. Results suggest the importance of measuring stress in a multidimensional capacity and examining associations with well‐being across multiple health facets.
Constructing a Reinforced and Gradient Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Si Nanoparticles by In‐Situ Thiol‐Ene Click Reaction for Long Cycling Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Liang , Zhang Danfeng , Huang Yongfeng , Lin Kui , Chen Likun , Lv Wei , He Yan‐Bing , Kang Feiyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractConstructing a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on high‐specific‐capacity silicon (Si) anode is one of the most effective methods to reduce the crack of SEI and improve the cycling performance of Si anode. Herein, the authors construct a reinforced and gradient SEI on Si nanoparticles by an in‐situ thiol‐ene click reaction. Mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) with thiol functional groups (SH) is first grafted on the Si nanoparticles through condensation reaction, which then in‐situ covalently bonds with vinylene carbonate (VC) to form a reinforced and uniform SEI on Si nanoparticles. The modified SEI with sufficient elastic LixSiOy can homogenize the stress and strain during the lithiation of Si nanoparticles to reduce their expansion and prevent the SEI from cracking. The Si nanoparticles‐graphite blending anode with the reinforced SEI exhibits excellent performance with an initial coulombic efficiency of ≈90%, a capacity of 1053.3 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles and a high capacity of 852.8 mA h g−1 even at a high current density of 3 A g−1. Moreover, the obtained anode shows superior cycling stability under both high loadings and lean electrolyte. The in‐situ thiol‐ene click reaction is a practical method to construct reinforced SEI on Si nanoparticles for next‐generation high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries.
A Highly Conductive All‐Carbon Linked 3D Covalent Organic Framework Film
Authors: Yang Yizhou , Mallick Suman , Izquierdo‐Ruiz Fernando , Schäfer Clara , Xing Xing , Rahm Martin , Börjesson Karl 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHere an all‐carbon linked 3D covalent organic framework (COF) is introduced by employing a templated surface reaction in a continuous flow (TSRCF). The presented method of synthesis provides spatial control over the reaction chemistry and allows for the creation of ultrasmooth COF films of desired thickness and significant crystallinity. The films show high electrical conductivity (≈3.4 S m−1) after being doped with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), setting a new record for 3D COF materials. The concurrence of 3D nanosized channels and high conductivity opens up for a number of hitherto unexplored applications for this class of materials, such as high surface area electrodes, electrochemical transistors, and for electronic sensing.