bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Analysis of The Expression and Prognosis For KRTs in LUSC Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Zheng Qiangqiang , Huang Kaili , Min Shihui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Keratins (KRTs), a family of genes that encode a series of intermediate flament proteins, which expressed in epithelial cells of various tissues and had been identified as being involved in various tumors. Previous evidences indicated that KRTs were implicated in tumorigenesis and development of lung cancer. However, a comprehensive analysis of KRTs in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and their roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of this disease is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the transcriptional level, proteomic level, and prognosis of KRTs in patients with LUSC from TCGA, Gene Expression Profifiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and cBioPortal databases. We confirmed that the expression levels of KRT5, KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT13, KRT14, KRT15, KRT16, KRT17, KRT19, and KRT23 were higher in LUSC tissues than in adjacent normal lung tissues. Survival analyses using Kaplan-Meier Plotter database and TCGA database revealed that the high expression levels of KRT5, KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT13, KRT14, KRT15, KRT16, KRT17, KRT19, and KRT23 were associated with poor prognosis in patients with LUSC. ROC curves indicated that KRTs had poor roles in predicting the overall survival (OS) of LUSC patients. KRTs and their 50 most frequently altered neighbor genes were mainly enriched in epidermis development, keratinization, keratinocyte differentiation, Rap1 signaling pathway, and transcriptional misregulation in cancer. The results of clinical data analyses indicated that the expression levels of KRT13, KRT16, KRT17, and KRT19 were positively correlated with nodal metastasis, the expression level of KRT15 and KRT17 were positively correlated with primary tumor, and the high expression level of KRT15 was positively correlated with TNM stage. Our study may provide new theoretical basis and research direction for the discovery of potential therapeutic targets and new prognostic biomarkers in patients with LUSC.
Eucalyptus Obliqua Tall Forest in Cool, Temperate Tasmania Becomes a Carbon Source during a Protracted Warm Spell in November 2017
Authors: Wardlaw Timothy J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Tasmania, which has a cool temperate climate, experienced a protracted warm spell in November 2017. In absolute terms, temperatures during the warm spell were lower than those usually characterising heatwaves. Nonetheless the November 2017 warm spell represented an extreme anomaly based on the local historical climate. Eddy covariance measurements of fluxes made in a Eucalyptus obliqua tall forest at Warra, southern Tasmania, recorded a 39% reduction in gross primary productivity (GPP) during the warm spell. A coincident increase in ecosystem respiration during the warm spell resulted in the forest switching from a carbon sink to a source. Net radiation was significantly higher during the warm spell than in the same period in the preceding two years. This additional radiation drove an increase in latent heat but not sensible heat. Stomatal regulation to limit water loss was unlikely based on soil moisture and vapour pressure deficits. Temperatures during the warm spell were supra-optimal for GPP at that site for 75% of the daylight hours. The decline in GPP during the warm spell was therefore most likely due to temperatures exceeding the site optimum for GPP. These forests will be weaker carbon sinks if, as predicted, heatwave events become more common.
Relationships between Developmental Strategies for Additional Indications and Price Revisions for Anticancer Drugs in Japan
Authors: Maeda Hideki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The relationships between developmental strategies for additional indications and drug price revisions have not been thoroughly studied. Here, we investigated the price revisions for anticancer drugs approved in Japan.
Methods
The study was based on published information on anticancer drugs approved between January 2009 and March 2020 in Japan. We investigated the relationships between the pharmacological and regulatory characteristics of anticancer drugs and occurrence/non-occurrence of the Japanese National Health Insurance (NHI) price revisions.
Results
Eighty-one new anticancer drugs were given NHI price listings during the survey. On April 1, 2020, the prices of 23 anticancer drugs had been revised from the initial pricing, the prices were reduced for all, except for one drug. Several parameters showed the relationships between drug characteristics and NHI price revisions. The achievement of additional indications and compound type were identified as explanatory factors for these relationships. Additional indication profiles were defined to assess the relationships between the methods for additional indication achievement and price revisions. For the 32 drugs with additional indications, the relationships between the additional indication profiles and occurrence/non-occurrence of NHI price revision were investigated. The proportion of drugs with NHI price revisions was higher if the additional indication had more patients than if the additional indications had approximately the same numbers of patients or fewer patients.
Conclusions
NHI price revision was significantly related to the achievement of additional indications and compound type. The strategy for additional indications was found to affect the occurrence/non-occurrence of NHI price revisions.
The Cognitive and Psychiatric Subacute Impairment in severe Covid-19.
Authors: Serrano-Castro Pedro J. , Garzón-Maldonado Francisco J , Casado-Naranjo Ignacio , Ollero-Ortiz Angela , Mínguez-Castellanos Adolfo , Iglesias-Espinosa Mar , Baena-Palomino Pablo , Sánchez-Sanchez Violeta , Sánchez-Pérez Rosa Maria , Rubi-Callejon Jose , Estévez-María Jose Carlos , Galeano-Bilbao Benito , Romero-Imbroda Jesús , Diaz Beatriz Sobrino , Arrabal-Gomez Carlos , Oliver-Martos Begoña , Muñoz-Becerra Luis , Ocaña Nerea Requena , de Sotomayor Maria del Mar Gonzalez Alvarez , Estivill-Torrus Guillermo , Suarez Juan , Petersen Nicolas Ciano , Pons-Pons Gracia , Reyes-Bueno Jose Antonio , Cabezudo-Garcia Pablo , Aguilar-Castillo Maria José , Cosme Carlos De la Cruz , Duque-Holguera Maria , Cuartero-Cuartero Eva , Vilches-Carrillo Rosa Maria , Carrera-Muñoz Ismael , Carnero-Pardo Cristóbal , Ramirez-Garcia Teresa , Oropesa Juan Manuel , Dominguez-Mayoral Ana , Pelaez-Viñas Nazaret , Valiente Lucia , de Fonseca Fernando Rodríguez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background: Neurologic impairment persisting months after acute severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has been described because of several pathogenic mechanisms, including persistent systemic inflammation. The objective of this study is to analyze the selective involvement of the different cognitive domains, it impacts on quality of life and the possible existence of related biomarkers.Methods: Cross-sectional study of patients who survived severe infection with SARS-CoV-2 consecutively recruited from 13 neurology services in Spain between 90 and 120 days after hospital discharge. All patients underwent an exhaustive study of cognitive functions as well as plasma determination of pro-inflammatory factors (chemokines), and neurotrophic factors and light-chain neurofilaments. A Principal Component Analysis extracted the main independent characteristics of the syndrome.Results: 152 patients were recruited. The results of our study show a pattern of cognitive impairment with preferential involvement of episodic and working memory, executive functions, and attention and relatively less affectation of information processing speed, denomination, verbal fluency, and other cortical functions. In addition, psychiatric affectation such as anxiety and depression pictures are constant in our cohort. Several plasma chemokines concentrations were elevated compared with both, a non-SARS-Cov2 infected cohort of neurological outpatients or a control healthy general population, suggesting a pro-inflammatory chronic state derived of viral infection.Conclusion: The neurologic Subacute Impairment in severe Covid-19 consist in an amnesic and dysexecutive syndrome with neuropsychiatric manifestations. We do not know if the deficits detected can persist in the long term and, in this case, if this can trigger or accelerate the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.
Clinically Actionable Cancer Somatic Variants (CACSV): A tumor interpreted dataset for analytical workflow
Authors: Sobahy Turki M. , Bahussain Donya , Al-Harbi Raneem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:The recent development and enormous application of parallel sequencing technology inoncology have produced immense cell-specific genetic data. However, publicly available cell-specific genetic variants are not explained by well-established guidelines. Additionally, cell-specific variants interpretation and classification has remained a challenging task, and lacksstandardization. The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP), American Society of ClinicalOncology (ASCO), and College of American Pathologists (CAP) published the first consensusguidelines for cell-specific variants cataloging and clinical interpretation.Results:We developed a new method that followed the consensus recommendations, and applied ourmethod on open source tumor-specific databases to produce clinically actionable cancersomatic variants (CACSV) dataset in integratable formats by most clinical analytical workflows.We evaluated our method with well-known classification algorithms, and found the new methodto be comparable and more adhering to the recent guidelines.Conclusion:CACSV is a step toward cell-specific genetic variants universal interpretation, readily adaptableby most clinical laboratories pipelines and can escalate somatic variants elucidation andclassification. CACSV is made free available (https://github.com/tsobahytm/CACSV/tree/main/dataset).
Fungal α-amylase entrapped in agar-agar organic matrix “beads” enhances fabric starch-desizing potentials and α-amylase-detergent compatibility
Authors: Ademakinwa Adedeji Nelson , Ayinla Zainab Adenike , Agboola Femi Kayode 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aureobasidium pullulans α-amylase (ApAmy) mixed with melted agar-agar solution and drop-wisely added to a mixture of organic solvent solution allowed for the entrapment of the α-amylase in the agar-agar organic matrix as beads. The immobilized ApAmy’s characteristics and wash performance were elucidated in comparison with the soluble ApAmy. Agar-agar at 2.0 % (w/v) and toluene: chloroform at 3:1 resulted in the highest immobilization yield retaining about 98% residual activity after ten catalytic cycles. The optimum temperature and pH for the immobilized enzyme were 60ºC and 6.5 respectively. The immobilized ApAmy hydrolysed branched and linear substrates thus establishing its broad substrate specificity. Relatively, the immobilized ApAmy (iApAmy) was more tolerant to organic solvents than the free enzyme. The iApAmy was mildly inhibited by cobalt but metals such as zinc, manganese, calcium and sodium enhanced the free and immobilized ApAmy activity. The iApAmy had a higher washing efficiency (77%) in the presence of detergents than the free enzyme (68%) and control (36%). The iApAmy showed good potentials as a detergent additive and from its characteristics, it could be useful in other industrial applications.
Recommendations from the RISRS Report: Reducing the Inadvertent Spread of Retracted Science
Authors: Schneider Jodi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Retraction is a mechanism for alerting readers to unreliable material, effectively removing from the published scientific and scholarly record articles that are deemed to be seriously flawed. Research over the past decade has identified a number of factors contributing to the unintentional spread of retracted research. The goal of the Reducing the Inadvertent Spread of Retracted Science: Shaping a Research and Implementation Agenda (RISRS) project is to develop an actionable agenda for reducing the inadvertent spread of retracted science. This includes identifying how the gatekeepers of scientific publications can monitor and disseminate retraction status and determining what other actions are feasible and relevant.

Methods: These recommendations were developed as part of a year-long process that included an exploratory environment scan, a scoping review of empirical literature, and successive rounds of stakeholder consultation, culminating in a three-part online workshop that brought together a diverse body of 70 stakeholders in October-November 2020 to engage in collaborative problem solving and dialogue. Workshop discussions were seeded by materials derived from stakeholder interviews (N=47) and short original discussion pieces contributed by stakeholders. The online workshop resulted in a set of recommendations to address the complexities of retracted research throughout the scholarly communications ecosystem.

Results: The RISRS recommendations are:
Develop a systematic cross-industry approach to ensure the public availability of consistent, standardized, interoperable, and timely information about retractions.

Recommend a taxonomy of retraction categories/classifications and corresponding retraction metadata that can be adopted by all stakeholders.

Develop best practices for coordinating the retraction process to enable timely, fair, unbiased outcomes.

Educate stakeholders about publication correction processes including retraction and about pre- and post-publication stewardship of the scholarly record.

Conclusions:
The continued circulation of retracted research is an ecosystem problem. These recommendations focus on areas where stakeholders can collaborate to address the continued citation of retracted research. We have suggested particular actions for standards organizations, publishers, researchers, and research integrity organizations.
Ab initio study of the structure and relative stability of MgSiO4H2 polymorphs at high pressures and temperatures
Authors: Solomatova Natalia V. , Caracas Razvan , Bindi Luca , Asimow Paul D. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Using particle swarm optimization with density functional theory, we identify the positions of hydrogen in a hypothetical Mg-end-member of phase egg (MgSiO4H2) and predict the most stable crystal structures with MgSiO4H2 stoichiometry at pressures between 0 and 300 GPa. The particle swarm optimization method consistently and systematically identifies phase H as the energetically most stable structure in the pressure range 10–300 GPa at 0 K. Phase Mg-egg has a slightly higher energy compared to phase H at all relevant pressures, such that the energy difference nearly plateaus at high pressures; however, the combined effects of temperature and chemical substitutions may decrease or even reverse the energy difference between the two structures. We find a new MgSiO4H2 phase with the P43212 space group that has topological similarities to phase Mg-egg and is energetically preferred to phase H at 0–10 GPa and 0 K. We compute the free energies for phase Mg-egg, phase P43212, and phase H at 0–30 GPa within the quasi-harmonic approximation and find that the effect of temperature is relatively small. At 1800 K, the stability field of phase P43212 relative to the other polymorphs increases to 0–14 GPa, while pure phase Mg-egg remains energetically unfavorable at all pressures. Simulated X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra are provided for the three phases. Additionally, the crystallographic information for two metastable polymorphs with the P1 space group is provided. Our results have implications for the deep hydrogen cycle in that we identify two novel potential carrier phases for hydrogen in the mantles of terrestrial planets and assess their stability relative to phase H. We determine that further experimental and computational investigation of an extended compositional space remains necessary to establish the most stable dense hydrated silicate phases.
Evaluation model of LID facilities based on the influence of water resource value
Authors: Pei Yanyan , Yu Hai , Lv Yongpeng , Wu Jiangnan , Yang Longbin , Wang Sheng , Jiang Zhuwu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Low-impact development (LID) facilities can not only effectively control rainwater runoff and its pollution, but also enhance the value of urban water resources in water systems. Current studies usually pay more attention to the effect of pollution control indicators, and there are few reports on the evaluation of LID facilities from the perspective of enhancing the value of water resources. Taking the Maluan Bay area of Haicang, Xiamen as an example, an evaluation model of water resource value was established based on the SWMM software and the pollution loss model. From the perspective of economic quantification, the value of water resources brought by three types of LID facilities, such as green roofs, permeable pavement and infiltration gallery, under rainfall conditions in different recurrence intervals was simulated and calculated. In the single rainfall event of 1–10a recurrence interval, the water resource value brought by the green roofs is 679.14–787.49 RMB/hm2, the permeable pavement is 79.07–383.37 RMB/hm2 and the infiltration gallery is 825.45–1,021.79 RMB/hm2. The results show that the value of water resources brought by the three types of LID facilities decreases with the increase of rainfall recurrence interval.
Assessing inequalities in sustainable access to improved water services using service level indicators in a rural municipality of South Africa
Authors: Sambo Calvin , Senzanje Aidan , Mutanga Onisimo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sustainable access to improved water services is a human right recognized by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) agenda and the constitution of South Africa. In recognition of this, South Africa implemented the Free Basic Water (FBW) policy outlining six recommended service level standards (e.g. distance, reliability and cost) to guide improved water services provision, especially in rural municipalities. However, despite implementing the rights-based approach policy, a significant proportion of the rural population is reported to have limited/poor access to improved water services. For this reason, the study adopted the FBW standards as indicators to assess inequalities in sustainable access to improved water services in Makhudutamaga Local Municipality (MLM) in South Africa. The findings indicate inequalities in access to improved water services based on FBW standards. Overall, the improved water services complied with the FBW standard for distance but not with the other standards. The non-compliance with the other standards indicated limited/poor access to improved water services and improper implementation of the FBW policy. This work provides water managers with an understanding of levels of water services provided based on FBW standards for planning and management to improve access to improved water services and enforce proper implementation of the FBW policy.
Grey water footprint assessment of groundwater resources in southeastern Turkey: effect of recharge
Authors: Yapıcıoğlu Pelin , Yeşilnacar Mehmet İrfan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper aimed to determine the grey water footprint (GWF) of groundwater resources. The effect of groundwater recharge on grey water footprint was investigated in Southeastern Turkey. In this paper, GWF has been monitored in October and March in terms of nitrate and arsenic concentrations for ten observation wells in the Harran Plain. In this study, a new approach was developed based on the GWF to determine the nitrate and arsenic pollution of groundwater. GWF of coagulation-flocculation and biochar adsorption processes were calculated and benchmarked with each other. In the second stage of the study, the effect of groundwater recharge using reclaimed municipal wastewater on GWF was investigated applying Monte Carlo simulation. The results revealed that nitrate led to higher GWF. According to the results, biochar application could reduce the GWF. Total reduction of GWF would be approximately 64.3% if groundwater recharge using reclaimed wastewater is applied.
MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer Following Radiotherapy: Towards
Predicting Response to Radiation Treatment
Authors: Petrović Nina , Stanojković Tatjana P. , Nikitović Marina 
Published: August 2021

:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed male cancer
worldwide. Early diagnosis of PCa, response to therapy, and prognosis still represent a
challenge. Nearly 60% of PCa patients undergo radiation therapy (RT) which might
cause side effects. Despite numerous researches in this field, predictive biomarkers for radiation
toxicity are still not elucidated.
MicroRNAs as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression are shown to be
changed during and after irradiation. MicroRNA level changes might be utilized to predict
response to RT in the near future, which might help clinicians to make the decision
on treatment regimens if needed.
Individual radiation response results from the interactions among radiation treatment parameters
and the biological background of each patient. In this review, we have listed
and described miRNAs involved in response to RT in PCa and highlighted potential candidates
for future biological tests predicting radiation response to RT, with the special focus
on side effects of RT.
According to described literature, we concluded that let-7, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-146a,
miR-155, and members of miR-17/92 cluster might be promising candidates for biological
tests predicting radiosensitivity of PCa patients undergoing radiation treatment.
Predictive miRNA panels, especially for acute and late side effects of RT, can serve as a
starting point for decisions for individualized RT planning. We believe that this review
might be one step closer to understanding molecular mechanisms underlying individual
radiation response of patients with PCa.
C1-Inhibitor: Structure, Functional Diversity and Therapeutic Development
Authors: Karnaukhova Elena 
Published: August 2021

:Human C1-Inhibitor (C1INH), also known as C1-esterase inhibitor, is an important multifunctional plasma glycoprotein that is uniquely involved in a regulatory network of complement, contact, coagulation, and fibrinolytic systems. C1INH belongs to a superfamily of serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins) and exhibits its inhibitory activities towards several target proteases of plasmatic cascades, operating as a major antiinflammatory protein in the circulation. In addition to its inhibitory activities, C1INH is also involved in non-inhibitory interactions with some endogenous proteins, polyanions, cells and infectious agents. While C1INH is essential for multiple physiological processes, it is better known for its deficiency with regards to Hereditary Angioedema (HAE), a rare autosomal dominant disease clinically manifested by recurrent acute attacks of increased vascular permeability and edema. Since the link was first established between functional C1INH deficiency in plasma and HAE in the 1960s, tremendous progress has been made in the biochemical characterization of C1INH and its therapeutic development for replacement therapies in patients with C1INH-dependent HAE. Various C1INH biological activities, recent advances in the HAE-targeted therapies, and availability of C1INH commercial products have prompted intensive investigation of the C1INH potential for the treatment of clinical conditions other than HAE. This article provides an updated overview of the structural and biological activities of C1INH, its role in HAE pathogenesis, and recent advances in the research and therapeutic development of C1INH; it also considers some trends for using C1INH therapeutic preparations for applications other than angioedema, from sepsis and endotoxin shock to severe thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients.