bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latent profile analysis on Korean nurses: Emotional labour strategies and well‐being
Authors: Park Chong‐chol , Cho Hunggu , Lee Dong‐gwi , Jeon Hyeonhui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTo identify the unique profiles of emotional labour management strategies among Korean nurses in regards to the preferences of surface acting (affecting emotions required at the workplace) and deep acting (trying to genuinely experience emotions required at the workplace), a latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted. In addition, differences in psychological and occupational well‐being between the discovered profiles are examined.DesignAn exploratory, cross‐sectional LPA design was employed.MethodsNurses (N = 204) working in university hospitals in South Korea responded to the survey during November 2019. Participants completed the Emotional Labour Questionnaire, a portion of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire short form and the Turnover Intentions Scale.ResultsAs a result of LPA on nurses' surface acting and deep acting, five profiles were discovered: non‐actors, surface actors, moderators, regulators and high regulators. In addition, differences in emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and turnover intentions between profiles were examined. Profiles that used high levels of surface acting had high levels of emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions.ConclusionNurses with characteristics of surface actors, high regulators profiles in emotional labour context are more prone to emotional exhaustion and turnover possibilities, compared with other profiles (non‐actors, moderators and regulators).ImpactInsights from the current study are beneficial to hospitals in preventing potential emotional exhaustion and nurse turnover by responding to high‐risk profiles and customizing emotional labour management policies with regards to the different profiles of nurses' emotional labour.
Impact of vision and hearing impairments on risk of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jung Younhea , Han Kyungdo , Lee Ji Min , Park Hye Yeon , Moon Jung Il 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of vision and hearing impairments on the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes using a nationwide longitudinal cohort.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled 771,128 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent the National Health Screening Program in 2009. We carried out Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and mortality in those with or without vision and hearing impairments. Subgroup analyses of patients stratified by age, sex and diabetic retinopathy were carried out.ResultsDiabetes patients with either vision or hearing impairment showed higher risk of MI, stroke or death compared with those without. Among the combinations of impairments, patients with both vision and hearing impairments had the highest risk for MI (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.362, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.252–1.481) and mortality (aHR 1.591, 95% CI 1.532–1.651). Those with only vision impairment showed higher risk of MI (aHR 1.324, 95% CI 1.275–1.375 and aHR 1.117, 95% CI 1.066–1.170, respectively), stroke (aHR 1.318, 95% CI 1.276–1.362 and aHR 1.134 95% CI 1.089–1.180, respectively) and mortality (aHR 1.417, 95% CI 1.390–1.446 and aHR 1.163, 95% CI 1.135–1.191, respectively) compared with those with only hearing impairment.ConclusionsVision and hearing impairments are independently important risk factors for adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Vision and hearing impairments synergistically increased the risk of MI and all‐cause deaths, but not stroke. In addition, in patients aged <65 years, the HR of vision impairment was higher than those with vision and hearing impairments.
Fasting plasma glucose level in the range of 90–99 mg/dL and the risk of the onset of type 2 diabetes: Population‐based Panasonic cohort study 2
Authors: Munekawa Chihiro , Okada Hiroshi , Hamaguchi Masahide , Habu Momoko , Kurogi Kazushiro , Murata Hiroaki , Ito Masato , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTAim/IntroductionAs the association between a fasting glucose concentration of 90–99 mg/dL and the onset of type 2 diabetes is still controversial, we aimed to assess it in 37,148 Japanese individuals with a normal plasma glucose concentration.Materials and MethodsThis long‐term retrospective cohort study included individuals having a medical checkup at Panasonic Corporation from 2008 to 2018. In total, 1,028 participants developed type 2 diabetes.ResultsCox regression analyses revealed that the risk for the onset of diabetes increased by 9.0% per 1 mg/dL increase in fasting plasma glucose concentration in subjects with the concentration ranging from 90 to 99 mg/dL. Compared with individuals with a fasting glucose concentration of ≤89 mg/dL, the adjusted hazard ratios for developing diabetes were 1.53 (95% CI; 1.22–1.91), 1.76 (95% CI; 1.41–2.18), 1.89 (95% CI; 1.52–2.35), 3.17 (95% CI; 2.61–3.84), and 3.41 (95% CI; 2.79–4.15) at fasting plasma glucose concentrations of 90–91, 92–93, 94–95, 96–97, and 98–99 mg/dL, respectively. In populations with obesity, the adjusted hazards ratios for developing diabetes were 1.56 (95% CI; 1.15–2.09), 1.82 (95% CI; 1.37–2.40), 2.05 (95% CI; 1.55–2.69), 3.53 (95% CI; 2.79–4.46), and 3.28 (95% CI; 2.53–4.22) at fasting plasma glucose concentrations of 90–91, 92–93, 94–95, 96–97, and 98–99 mg/dL, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the risk of type 2 diabetes among subjects having a fasting plasma glucose concentration of 90–99 mg/dL, is progressively higher with an increasing level of fasting plasma glucose concentration in a Japanese people.
Influence of drying temperature on quality attributes of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.): Drying kinetics and modeling, rehydration, color, and antioxidant analysis
Authors: Kheto Ankan , Dhua Subhamoy , Nema Prabhat K. , Sharanagat Vijay Singh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study was focused on the effect of hot air drying temperatures (40, 50, and 60°C) on rehydration (25°C) behavior and quality attributes of green (G), red (R), and yellow (Y) color bell peppers (BP). Increase in drying temperature significantly (p < 0.05) improved the drying rate and the moisture diffusivity of BP. Drying temperature increased the rehydration‐ratio and higher rehydration was observed for freeze‐dried samples (−50°C). Two‐term exponential and first‐order kinetics models were found the most appropriate to explain the drying and rehydration kinetics, respectively. The variation in color parameters was correlated with the significant (p < 0.05) deviation in total chlorophylls (20.53–16.88 μg/g dry‐mass), red pigment (493.02–766.25 μg/g dry‐mass), and nonsignificant deviation in yellow pigment (203.6–202.77 μg/g dry‐mass) of respective BP during drying. Increasing drying temperature increased the phenolic and flavonoid contents, but decreased the free‐radical scavenging activity of the BP.Practical ApplicationThis study will add scientific data on comparative analysis of drying of red, yellow and green bell pepper with respect to different drying temperatures. Study will help to identify the best drying condition with respect to desired quality and color of bell pepper. Dried sample can be used in curry making, ready to eat products or seasoning without any seasonal barrier.
Laser light backscattering image to predict moisture content of mango slices with different ripeness during drying process
Authors: Bai Jun‐Wen , Zhang Lu , Cai Jian‐Rong , Wang Yu‐Chi , Tian Xiao‐Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMoisture content is an essential parameter in investigating the quality of agricultural products during drying. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using laser light backscatter imaging (LLBI) to monitor the moisture content of mangoes at various stages of ripeness during drying. Backscattered images of mango slices were collected using laser diodes with different wavelengths (450, 520, and 635 nm) during drying. The effects of different drying temperatures (60°C, 70°C, and 80°C) and maturity levels (Ripeness 1, Ripeness 2, Ripeness 3) on the moisture content of mango slices were studied, and the backscattered images of mango slices were analyzed by Gaussian amplitude function. The results showed that drying temperatures and stage of ripeness had a significant effect on the drying characteristics of mango (p < .05). Increasing the drying temperature led to a considerable reduction in the moisture ratio, and increasing the maturity resulted in a considerable decrease in the total drying time. Additionally, there were differences in the laser transmission properties of the materials with varying levels of moisture. Variations in the structure of the tissue during the drying process may result in different degrees of backscattering. The model for predicting moisture content at 635 nm was the most accurate, with the maximum determination coefficient R2 of 0.9247, and the minimum root mean square error (RMSE) at this time is 0.0771. Therefore, this study has shown that LLBI can better predict the moisture content of mangoes with different maturity during drying.Practical ApplicationsLaser light backscatter imaging (LLBI) is widely used in agricultural products processing. Using LLBI to predict the moisture content of agricultural products during drying is a good method. It can predict the moisture content of agricultural products whose mature state is unknown, and at the same time express the physical characteristics of agricultural products and their interactions through mathematical models. Furthermore, this research provides ideas for the prediction of moisture content of other agricultural products and the improvement of the quality of dried agricultural products.
Current practices of family caregiver training during home health care: A qualitative study
Authors: Burgdorf Julia G. , Arbaje Alicia I. , Chase Jo‐Ana , Wolff Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHome health clinicians report a need for family caregiver assistance during the majority of skilled home health care episodes. Since 2018, the Medicare Conditions of Participation has required home health agencies to provide training to family caregivers. However, little is known regarding current practices of family caregiver assessment and training during home health care.MethodsQualitative research relying on semistructured key informant interviews with registered nurses and physical therapists (n = 19), hereafter “clinicians,” from four home health agencies. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, then analyzed using directed content analysis to identify relevant themes and concepts.ResultsThree agencies were not‐for‐profit and one was for‐profit; three were urban and one was rural; two operated on a local scale, one on a regional scale, and one on a national scale. Key informants had an average of 9.3 years of experience in home health care and an average age of 45.0 years. Clinicians described a cyclic process of family caregiver training including four major phases: initial assessment, education, reassessment, and adjustment. Initial assessment was informal and holistic; education was delivered via demonstration and teach‐back; reassessment was used to evaluate caregiver progress and inform adjustments to the care plan. Clinicians noted that their perceptions regarding the success of family caregiver training efforts influenced decisions relating to clinical practice, including the number of visits provided and whether to discharge the patient.ConclusionsCaregiver training is currently integrated into clinician workflows in home health care and helps determine visit intensity and discharge timing, but clinicians face a lack of structured assessment instruments or training materials. Efforts by policymakers and home health agencies to facilitate clinicians' training efforts could positively affect the cost and quality of Medicare‐funded home health care.
Neural network fast‐classifies biological images through features selecting to power automated microscopy
Authors: Balluet Maël , Sizaire Florian , El Habouz Youssef , Walter Thomas , Pont Jérémy , Giroux Baptiste , Bouchareb Otmane , Tramier Marc , Pecreaux Jacques 
Published: October 2021

AbstractArtificial intelligence is nowadays used for cell detection and classification in optical microscopy during post‐acquisition analysis. The microscopes are now fully automated and next expected to be smart by making acquisition decisions based on the images. It calls for analysing them on the fly. Biology further imposes training on a reduced data set due to cost and time to prepare the samples and have the data sets annotated by experts. We propose a real‐time image processing compliant with these specifications by balancing accurate detection and execution performance. We characterised the images using a generic, high‐dimensional feature extractor. We then classified the images using machine learning to understand the contribution of each feature in decision and execution time. We found that the non‐linear‐classifier random forests outperformed Fisher's linear discriminant. More importantly, the most discriminant and time‐consuming features could be excluded without significant accuracy loss, offering a substantial gain in execution time. It suggests a feature‐group redundancy likely related to the biology of the observed cells. We offer a method to select fast and discriminant features. In our assay, a 79.6 2.4% accurate classification of a cell took 68.7 3.5 ms (mean SD, 5‐fold cross‐validation nested in 10 bootstrap repeats), corresponding to 14 cells per second, dispatched into eight phases of the cell cycle, using 12 feature groups and operating a consumer market ARM‐based embedded system. A simple neural network offered similar performances paving the way to faster training and classification, using parallel execution on a general‐purpose graphic processing unit. Finally, this strategy is also usable for deep neural networks paving the way to optimizing these algorithms for smart microscopy.
Glucocerebrosidase 1 and leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 in Parkinson disease and interplay between the two genes
Authors: Lee Chiao‐Yin , Menozzi Elisa , Chau Kai‐Yin , Schapira Anthony H. V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe glucocerebrosidase 1 gene (GBA1), bi‐allelic variants of which cause Gaucher disease (GD), encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) and is a risk factor for Parkinson Disease (PD). GBA1 variants are linked to a reduction in GCase activity in the brain. Variants in Leucine‐Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2), such as the gain‐of‐kinase‐function variant G2019S, cause the most common familial form of PD. In patients without GBA1 and LRRK2 mutations, GCase and LRRK2 activity are also altered, suggesting that these two genes are implicated in all forms of PD and that they may play a broader role in PD pathogenesis. In this review, we review the proposed roles of GBA1 and LRRK2 in PD, focussing on the endolysosomal pathway. In particular, we highlight the discovery of Ras‐related in brain (Rab) guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) as LRRK2 kinase substrates and explore the links between increased LRRK2 activity and Rab protein function, lysosomal dysfunction, alpha‐synuclein accumulation and GCase activity. We also discuss the discovery of RAB10 as a potential mediator of LRRK2 and GBA1 interaction in PD. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic implications of these findings, including current approaches and future perspectives related to novel drugs targeting LRRK2 and GBA1.
image
Renewing an old interest: Pituitary folliculostellate cells
Authors: Le Tissier Paul R. , Mollard Patrice 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAnterior pituitary folliculostellate (FS) cells, first described almost 50 years ago, have a wide range of functions with respect to supporting and coordinating endocrine cell function, in particular through paracrine and gap junction‐mediated signalling. Our previous studies identified the morphological organisation of FS cells, which mediates coordinated calcium activity throughout the homotypic FS network and allows signalling across the whole pituitary gland. It is also clear that FS cells can modify endocrine output and feedback on pituitary axes over a range of timescales. Recently, several studies have defined FS cells as a source of anterior pituitary endocrine cell renewal, which has resulted in a renaming of FS cells as “Sox2+ve stem cells”. Here, we highlight the broader potential of the FS cell population in fine‐tuning and coordinating pituitary axes function. In addition, we identify a need for: the definition of the possible subtypes of FS cell and their relationship with the stem cell population; the potential role of FS cells in pulsatile hormone secretion and coordination of heterotypic cell networks; and the roles that FS cells may play in both early‐life programming of pituitary axes and in memory, or anticipation, of demand. Further studies of FS cells may demonstrate the fundamental importance of this cell type and its potential as a therapeutic target to correct pituitary gland dysfunction, one of which is stem cell therapy. Clearly, a thorough understanding of all of these interactions and relationships of FS and endocrine cells is required whatever therapeutic use is suggested by their various roles.
Periorbital Filling With The MD Codes™ Algorithm: A Narrative Review and a Practical Guide
Authors: Borba André , Rodrigues Matheus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe hyaluronic acid dermal fillers are employed to bring balance and facial harmony, improving the proportions and asymmetries of the structures, besides acting to reverse the signs of facial aging. The periorbital region is one of the first to show the signs of aging with periocular wrinkles, deepening of the nasojugal and palpebromalar folds, prolapse of the fat bags, excess palpebral skin, ptosis of the eyelashes, disappearance of the upper eyelid crease due to excess skin and hollowing of the upper eyelid.AimsTo describe the lines and grooves of the periorbital region and present a practical guide to the MD CODES™ algorithm for filling this region based on a narrative review of the literature.MethodsThe literature research considered published journal articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) and reference lists of respective articles.ResultsMD CODES™ algorithm maps anatomical points of the face (anatomical codes) that, when treated with fillers, promote instantaneous lifting and rejuvenation. In addition to defining the points for treatment, this method identified the order of the points to be treated, that is, which points should be prioritized to cause greater aesthetic impact. The MD CODES aim to standardize facial rejuvenation and is of particular interest for young as well as more experienced physicians.ConclusionWas presented in detail the regions, the aesthetic effects of the application, the technique, the volume, and the target structure undertaken in the remodeling of the tear trough, periorbital, temporal, brow, and frontal regions.
When discordant work selves yield workplace creativity: The roles of creative process engagement and relational identification with the supervisor
Authors: Akkan Eren , Guzman Felipe A. 
Published: October 2021

While research has so far focused on role identity conflict’s adverse consequences at work, we know little about how it may contribute positively to organizational functioning. To address this gap, we present and empirically test a theoretical model that explains how and when employees’ work role identity conflict triggers their workplace creativity in hierarchical organizations. Drawing on the symbolic interactionism perspective of identity theory, we hypothesize that creative process engagement mediates the relationship between work role identity conflict and workplace creativity. We further suggest that this mediation effect is stronger when employees have high levels of relational identification with their supervisors. We test our hypotheses via a multi‐source dataset from employees and their direct supervisors. We discuss how unveiling mechanisms behind the constructive side of work role identity conflict inform theory and practice.Practitioner points

When employees perceive that their multiple work roles are fundamentally in conflict with one another they enter a problem‐solving mode to reconcile these conflicts.

It is crucial for organizations to ensure that employees feel identified with their supervisors so that when they attempt to generate ideas to improve the workplace, the ideas they come up with will indeed be creative.
The Dahl Concept: Best Evidence Consensus Statement
Authors: Goldstein Gary , Campbell Stephen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeIn a series of publications, Dahl and Krogstad promoted an orthodontic technique for the treatment of severe wear of the anterior teeth that reportedly could induce intrusion of the anteriors and extrusion of the posterior teeth to allow space to restore the worn anterior teeth. The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement was to evaluate the existing dental literature related to the Dahl Concept.MethodsA PubMed search limited to clinical studies, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta analyses, and journal articles, using the key words Orthodontics, Dahl appliance, Dahl concept and adult, revealed 11 citations, 9 of which were related. An additional 9 citations were culled from the reference lists in the aforementioned articles.ResultsThe 20 articles that met the initial search criteria were evaluated and rated. The literature largely focused on the restorative materials that are commonly used to apply the Dahl technique.ConclusionsWhile there is low‐level evidence from a few case series that demonstrated the ability to achieve enough space in the anterior region for the restoration of lost anterior tooth structure, there is no compelling evidence to support any theories as to how that space was achieved. In addition, there is no evidence to support the long‐term stability of that position and the restorations. Negative position and restorative outcomes have been reported.