bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’État d’Israël, une crux theologiae
Authors: Andrevon Thérèse M. 
Published: October 2021

La déclaration conciliaire Nostra aetate § 4 sur le judaïsme « confesse que tous les fidèles du Christ, fils d’Abraham selon la foi, sont inclus dans la vocation de ce patriarche […] ». Or, cette vocation contenait une double promesse : une descendance et une terre. Si l’ecclésiologie a su réfléchir à frais nouveaux sur la notion de peuple de Dieu, la promesse de la terre devint un sujet tabou du fait de la création de l’État d’Israël. Or, la dimension politique est inhérente au judaïsme. De plus, le christianisme avait interprété théologiquement la destruction du Temple de Jérusalem et l’exil des juifs. Peut-il reléguer leur retour au seul domaine séculier ? Cet essai réfléchit sur la notion d’accomplissement en lien avec la restauration d’une souveraineté juive en terre d’Israël, puis se demande si la terre entre dans la notion de patrimoine commun aux juifs et aux chrétiens.
Presentation and outcomes of orbital cellulitis caused by Group F Streptococcus
Authors: Mehta Viraj J. , Brown Eric N. , Sobel Rachel K. 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:
To compare the presentation and outcomes of patients with orbital cellulitis requiring surgical intervention caused by the Group F Streptococcus (GFS) versus other bacteria. We hypothesize that patients with GFS infections have a more severe presentation and worse clinical outcomes compared to infections by other bacteria.

METHODS:
After Institutional Review Board approval at a large academic institutional center, 70 patients with culture-positive orbital cellulitis who required surgical intervention were identified. Clinical examinations before and after surgery as well as preoperative imaging with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed. The study measures were preoperative and postoperative vision, motility, involved sinus disease, complications, and total hospital length of stay. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Characteristics of patients were compared using Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum.

RESULTS:
Nineteen patients (27%) had positive cultures for GFS and 51 patients (73%) had positive cultures for other bacterial species. There was no significant difference in visual acuity, motility, or inflammatory markers in patients with GFS compared to other patients. Patients with GFS were noted to have more sinus involvement on presentation compared to patients with other bacterial infections (P = 0.007).

CONCLUSION:
GFS associated orbital cellulitis is associated with significantly more sinus involvement, but has similar outcomes as orbital cellulitis from other bacterial species.
Iris thickness and volume be measured using iris base instead of scleral spur as reference in anterior optical coherence tomography scan
Authors: Mahale Alka , Khandekar Rajiv , Zia Yasir 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:
To compare the iris parameters (iris thickness [IT] and volume) measured at different locations on iris determined using iris base (IB) and scleral spur (SS) in healthy Saudi eyes and factors affecting the differences.

METHODS:
Healthy eyes of Saudi persons were evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). The IT was measured using Image J software and OCT scans in the horizontal axis in light on and light off condition. First IB was used as reference, and then, SS was used as reference for these measurements.

RESULTS:
One hundred healthy eye's AS-OCT scan was studied. The IT at the temporal side of the horizontal axis at 750 µ away from IB with lights on was 0.526 ± 0.08 µ, whereas it was 0.52 ± 0.08 µ from SS. The difference was significantly more in IB than SS method (P = 0.005). This difference if IT in SS and IB method was not affected by gender (Mann–Whitney P = 0.3), type of refractive error (K W P = 0.7), and level of illumination (K W P = 0.7).

CONCLUSION:
IT and IV measured using IB provided reliable data but overestimates compared to SS method. In the absence of SS visibility, IB could be alternative to assess iris parameters.
In vitro comparison of the accuracy (precision and trueness) of eight dental scanners for dental bridge scanning
Authors: Vafaee Fariborz , Mohajeri Mahsa , Gholi Mezerji Naser Mohammad , Zadeh Marouf Ebrahim 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Dental scanners play a critical role in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology. This study aimed to compare the accuracy (precision and trueness) of eight dental scanners for dental bridge scanning.

Materials and Methods:
In this in-vitro experimental study, a typodont model with a missing maxillary right first molar was prepared for a 3-unit fixed partial denture. Each scanner (Sirona inEos inLab, Sirona X5, Dentium, Imes icore 350I I3D, Amann Girrbach map 100, 3Shape D100, 3Shape E3) performed seven scans of the typodont, and the data were analyzed using 3D-Tool software. The abutment length, abutment width, arch length, and interdental distance were measured. To assess the accuracy of each scanner, trueness was evaluated by superimposing the scanned data on true values obtained by the 3shape Triosscanner as the reference. Precision was evaluated by superimposing a pair of data sets obtained from the same scanner. Precision and trueness of the scanners were compared using the one-way ANOVA followed by the post-hoc Tukey's HSD test and one-sample t-test (P<0.05 was considerer significant).

Results:
The precision of scanners ranged from 14 μm (3Shape Trios) to 45 μm (Imes icore 350i), whereas the trueness ranged from 38 μm (3Shape d700) to 71 μm (Sirona X5).

Conclusion:
The reported trueness values for 3Shape Trios, Sirona inEos inLab, Sirona x5, Dentium, Imes icore350i, Amann Girrbach, 3Shape d700, and 3Shape e3 were 63, 45, 71, 67, 70, 53, 38, and 42 μm, respectively, whereas the precision values were 14, 29, 44, 34, 45, 44, 30 and 28 μm, respectively.
Evaluation of microleakage in Class II composite restorations
Authors: Feiz Atiyeh , Sajedi Marzieh , Jafari Niloufar , Swift Edward J. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
This study compared microleakage of Class II cavities restored using bonded-base and bulk-fill techniques with different bases.

Materials and Methods:
In this in vitro study, in 60 extracted human molars, standardized (4 mm × 2 mm × 8 mm) Class II cavities were prepared, such that the gingival floor was located 1 mm below the CEJ. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups and filled with: (1) Fuji II LC + x-tra fil, (2) Ionoseal + x-tra fil, (3) x-tra base + x-tra fil, (4) Grandio Flow + x-tra fil, and (5) x-tra fil only [control group]; in open-sandwich technique, the base thickness was 1 mm. The bases were coated all gingival floor. Except for the first group, where dentin conditioner was used, the Clearfil SE bond was applied before application of the bases and restorative materials as a bonding agent. After 500 thermocycles between 5°C and 55°C, the specimens were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for 24 h. The restored teeth were sectioned, and the dye penetration in gingival floor was observed by a stereomicroscope at ×32. The data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests in SPSS software. The significance was determined at 0.05 confidence interval.

Results:
The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in microleakage among the study groups (P < 0.001). The Ionoseal group followed by the control group (x-tra fil composite) had the greatest microleakage. Except for the Ionoseal group, all other groups had significantly less microleakage than the control group.

Conclusion:
The use of bonded-base techniques could reduce microleakage, including those in bulk-fill composite restorations.
Controversies in ERCP
Authors: Dietrich Christoph F. , Bekkali Noor L. , Burmeister Sean , Dong Yi , Everett Simon M. , Hocke Michael , Ignee Andre , On Wei , Hebbar Srisha , Oppong Kofi , Sun Siyu , Jenssen Christian , Braden Barbara 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The aim of the series of papers on controversies of biliopancreatic drainage procedures is to discuss the pros and cons of the varying clinical practices and techniques in ERCP and EUS for drainage of biliary and pancreatic ducts. The first part focuses on indications, clinical and imaging prerequisites before ERCP, sedation options, post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) prophylaxis, and other related technical topics. In the second part, specific procedural ERCP-techniques including precut techniques and its timing as well as management algorithms are discussed. In addition, controversies in EUS-guided bile duct and pancreatic drainage procedures are under preparation.
Clinical patterns of sexually transmitted diseases in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in a tertiary care center in South India
Authors: Kumar D Dinesh , Thyvalappil Anoop , Nayak Kashinath 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) synergize to aggravate the associated morbidity of each other in the human body.

Aims:
The aim was to study the pattern of presentations of STDs in patients with HIV.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted by selecting 100 consecutive cases of HIV infection with symptoms suggestive of co-existing STD attending the outpatient department in a tertiary care center in south India.

Results:
Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 26–30 years, with a slight male preponderance. Genital ulcer was the predominant presenting complaint (60%), followed by dysuria (32%) and genital growth (29%). Genital ulcer was the most common lesion (56%), followed by other genital lesions (37%) and extragenital lesions (18%). Among the investigations, Tzanck smear was most commonly seen positive (62.3% of 61 patients), followed by positive potassium hydroxide mount and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory. About 35.5% of the male patients and 60.53% of the female patients had multiple diagnoses. In males, herpes genitalis (29.76%) was the most common STD, followed by condyloma accuminata (23.08%). In females, candidal vulvovaginitis (28.12%) was the most common STD, followed by herpes genitalis (23.43%).

Conclusion:
Our study found genital ulcer as the most common symptom and sign of STD in HIV-infected patients. Herpes genitalis was the most common STD among males and candidal vulvovaginitis was the most common STD among females.
Number of Relationships Between Abnormal Values in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Bayraktar Burak , Balıkoğlu Meriç , Bayraktar Miyase Gizem , Kanmaz Ahkam Göksel 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of detecting one or more positive values in 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed between 24 and 28 gestational weeks on neonatal biometry (macrosomia, newborn weight, head circumference, and body length of newborn), obstetric results, and treatment requirement.

Materials and Methods:
Between January 2019 and December 2020 at the University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, pregnant women who underwent 75 g OGTT between 24 and 28 gestational weeks and had singleton pregnancy were included in the study. Multiple pregnancies, pregnancies with gestational age <37 and ≥42 weeks, pregestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation, those with chromosomal and/or congenital anomalies, those with thyroid disease, pregnant women whose information could not be reached, and/or whose information was deficient were excluded from the study. These pregnant women were classified into Group 1 with a positive single value, Group 2 with two positive values, and Group 3 with all positive values according to 75 g OGTT values.

Results:
Two hundred and eighty-three singleton-term and gestational diabetic pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. The age of pregnant women and their body mass index (pre-pregnancy and at during test) increased from Group 1 to Group 3, and the differences between all groups were significant (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The number of pregnant women treated with insulin increased significantly from group 1 to group 3 (P<0.001). Birth weight and body length of new-borns were significantly higher in Group 3 as compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (P = 0.033 and P = 0.017, respectively). Macrosomia prevalence was the highest in Group 3 with 21.7% (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The number of positive values detected between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation in 75 g OGTT was associated with the birth weight, body length, and macrosomia of the newborn and also could be used as an early biomarker to mother's insulin requirement.
A Survey of the Clinical Management of Pediatric Patients with Asymptomatic Central Venous Catheter-Associated Venous Thromboembolism in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Allahyani Bader , Ali Abdullah , Feder Joshua , Alshahrani Mohammad , Alsultan Abdulrahman , Alzahrani Azzah 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are the main cause of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in critically ill children. The optimal first-line treatment for children with asymptomatic CVC-related VTE is unknown. Due to a paucity of clinical trials, clinical practice guidelines can offer only weak recommendations for the management of asymptomatic CVC-related VTE.

METHODS:
This case-based survey was designed to assess the current trends in local management strategies for pediatric patients with an asymptomatic CVC-related thrombosis. The survey focused on the use of the thrombophilia testing, management approach, duration of anticoagulation, and the use of secondary prophylaxis. We hypothesize that there will be significant variation in these four management areas, in the large part due to the aforementioned paucity of available data. REDCap® questions were sent to the members of the Saudi Arabian Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Society clinical forum/email database. We used a hypothetical case scenario to assess management strategies for asymptomatic CVC-related VTE and secondary prophylaxis.

RESULTS:
Seventy-one (30%) physicians responded to the survey. The majority of the respondents (83.3%) did not use thrombophilia testing. The far majority (95%) treated with anticoagulation. In contrast, the survey respondents varied widely in the duration of anticoagulation and the use of secondary prophylaxis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Asymptomatic CVC-related VTE is a common clinical entity with limited data guiding management. In Saudi Arabia, there remains considerable variability in the clinical management. These findings will help identify crucial knowledge gaps in the management of asymptomatic CVC-related VTE and facilitate clinical trials that will help establish evidence-based treatment guidelines.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression among Medical Students in Nigeria
Authors: Suraj Sani Salihu , Umar Bello Ibrahim , Gajida Auwal Umar , Umar Musa Usman 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Depression among medical students has been partly attributed to the nature of medical education, and may lead to poor academic and professional adjustment. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of depression and its relationship to socio-demographic and clinical risk factors among medical students of Bayero University in Kano, Nigeria.

Methodology:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Two hundred and seventy-nine medical students were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The respondents were given a self-reporting questionnaire, which included sociodemographic details and 3-item Oslo Social Support Rating Scale. Depression was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (7.0).

Results:
The prevalence of depression among medical students was 15.1%. Depression was more in females, <22 years, those at the lower level of study, poor social support, family history of depression and history of depression. After logistic regression, only being female (P = 0.008) and history of depression (P = 0.007) differentiated medical students with depression from those with no depression with odds ratio (OR) of 2.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.31, 6.33]) and OR of 2.79 (95% CI = [1.33, 5.84]), respectively. There was no association between depression and poor financial state (P = 0.175), self-reported academic performance (P = 0.719) and use of psychoactive substances (P = 0.311).

Conclusion:
Depression is an important condition among medical students in Nigeria. There is a need to help students with mental health challenges by providing preventive measures, early identification and treatment mechanisms in medical schools in the country.
Low Plasma Vitamin D as a Predictor of Uterine Fibroids in a Nigerian Population
Authors: Tunau Karima Abubakar , Garba Jamila Abubakar , Panti Abubakar Abubakar , Shehu Constance Egondu , Adamu Aisha Nana , AbdulRahman Muhammad Bashir , Ahmad Mohammad Kaoje 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Uterine fibroid is the most common benign tumour of the uterus and the exact cause is unknown. Vitamin D has been found to inhibit cell proliferation and enhance apoptosis in vitro.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to compare the plasma level of Vitamin D among women with uterine fibroids and those without uterine fibroids.

Materials and Methods:
This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among women with uterine fibroids and those without uterine fibroids. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information. Five millilitres of venous blood was obtained for plasma Vitamin D assay. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
There were 100 participants recruited for the study. The mean age of the participants with uterine fibroid was 35.06 ± 6.6 years and that of controls was 33.28 ± 7 years. The mean plasma level of Vitamin D for all the participants was 12.47 ± 7.53 ng/ml. The mean plasma level of Vitamin D in those with uterine fibroids was significantly lower than in those without uterine fibroid (10.16 ± 7.78 vs. 14.35 ± 6.8; t = 2.517, P = 0.014). It also shows that 1 unit increase in Vitamin D level will reduce the risk of developing uterine fibroids by 8% (odds ratio = 0.92, 95% confidence interval = 0.86–0.99).

Conclusion:
The predictors of uterine fibroids were fewer hours spent outdoors, middle social class and low Vitamin D levels.
Quality of Life Impairment amongst Persons Living with Vitiligo using Disease Specific Vitiligo Quality of Life Index
Authors: Abdullahi Umar , Mohammed Tahir Turaki , Musa Bolanle O. P. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin and mucous membranes which manifests as white macules and patches due to selective loss of melanocytes. This condition can affect the patients' psychology, leading to an impairment of quality of life (QOL). Recently, much attention is been given to the emotional and psychological issues in the affected subjects.

Aim of the Study:
This was to assess the QOL impairment among Nigerian patients with vitiligo using a disease-specific quality of life index questionnaire (VitiQoL).

Materials and Methods:
Seventy seven adults aged 18 years and above with vitiligo attending the Dermatology Clinic of a tertiary health center were included in this cross-sectional study. The QOL was assessed using the vitiligo quality of life questionnaire (VitiQoL). Disease severity was assessed using Vitiligo Area Severity Index (VASI).

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 38.97 ± 13.2 years, comprising of 32 (41.6%) and 45 (58.4%) females. Almost half of the vitiligo patients belong to the lower socioeconomic class, 37 (48.1%). The mean age of first onset of vitiligo was 33.5 ± 14.84 years, with 32 (41.6%) of the participants having age of first onset between 24 and 42 years. The mean VitiQoL score was 30.51 ± 15.74 (range 3–64). There was a significant relationship between VASI score and VitiQoL (P = 0.036, r = 0.517). Other factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, disease activity, family history of vitiligo, duration of the disease and educational attainment were significantly associated with VitiQoL score (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
QOL is impaired significantly in Nigerian patients with vitiligo. Focusing on patient's QOL is an essential aspect in the management of patients with vitiligo.
Geriatric Educational Interventions for Physicians Training in Non-Geriatric Specialties: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ong En Ye , Bower Kelly J. , Ng Louisa 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Physicians require the expertise to care for an increasingly aging population. A robust understanding of geriatric educational interventions is needed to improve geriatric training for physicians.

Objective
To map the breadth of geriatric educational interventions for residents (in non-geriatric specialties).

Methods
We used a scoping review methodology. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, EMCare, CENTRAL, ERIC, and Scopus from 2004 to September 2019 for search terms related to “educational approaches” AND “geriatric” AND “residents.” Two authors independently selected eligible studies, extracted data (categorized by educational approaches and Kirkpatrick level outcomes), and critically appraised studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.

Results
There were 63 included studies, with a total of 6976 participants. Twelve studies had comparators, including 5 randomized controlled trials. Fifty-three studies (84%) described multicomponent interventions, incorporating combinations of didactic or self-directed approaches with interactive, simulation, experiential, and/or group-based learning. Use of curricular process was explicitly reported in 34 studies (59%). Most studies met at least 4 of 5 Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool criteria. Studies commonly measured outcomes at Kirkpatrick levels 1 and 2 (reaction and learning), with 15 studies measuring performance outcomes (Kirkpatrick levels 3 and 4b). All included studies had at least one positive result.

Conclusions
All educational interventions had positive outcomes; however, curriculum-informed multicomponent interventions were the most common. This scoping review demonstrates that robust methodology with comparators, longer-term designs, and use of higher-level Kirkpatrick outcome measures is possible but not commonly used. Clear direction for future research is provided.
Posiciones pedagógicas comunicacionales del cuerpo del docente para los inicios universitarios
Authors: Plachot González Graciela B. 
Published: October 2021

OBJETIVO: esta investigación busca aportar a la comprensión del manejo del cuerpo del docente en el aula de ingreso en condiciones de numerosidad. MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de alcance exploratorio y descriptivo. La muestra fue intencional de casos típicos con tres docentes de larga trayectoria profesional pertenecientes al Instituto de Fundamentos y Métodos de la Facultad de Psicología, al Instituto de Psicología Educación y Desarrollo Humano y al Departamento de Educación de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad de la República del Uruguay. La técnica utilizada fue entrevistas en profundidad. RESULTADOS: los hallazgos dan cuenta de una posición docente con capacidades perceptivas sensoriales muy desarrolladas. Frágil, disruptiva y humana para la relación comunicacional con los estudiantes. CONCLUSIÓN: el cuerpo es un instrumento de cercanía y circulación relevante en las prácticas docentes de ingreso. Su uso didáctico rompe con las posiciones tradicionales del aula magistral universitaria. Parte de esta discusión fue presentada como ponencia oral en recientes congresos en la Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (Argentina) y en IX Versión del Congreso Internacional de Psicología y Educación (Colombia).