bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum solvability of quadratic Liénard type nonlinear oscillators possessing maximal Lie point symmetries: An implication of arbitrariness of ordering parameters
Authors: Chithiika Ruby V , Lakshmanan M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the quantum dynamics of underlying two one-dimensional quadratic Liénard type nonlinear oscillators which are classified under the category of maximal (eight parameter) Lie point symmetry group [Tiwari A K, Pandey S N, Senthilvelan M and Lakshmanan M 2013 J. Math. Phys.
54, 053 506]. Classically, both the systems were also shown to be linearizable as well as isochronic. In this work, we study the quantum dynamics of the nonlinear oscillators by considering a general ordered position dependent mass Hamiltonian. The ordering parameters of the mass term are treated to be arbitrary to start with. We observe that the quantum version of these nonlinear oscillators are exactly solvable provided that the ordering parameters of the mass term are subjected to certain constraints imposed on the arbitrariness of the ordering parameters. We obtain the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions associated with both the systems. We also consider briefly the quantum versions of other examples of quadratic Liénard oscillators which are classically linearizable.
Highly conductive ionogel electrolytes based on N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide FSI and NaFSI mixtures and their applications in sodium batteries
Authors: Malunavar Sneha , Wang Xiaoen , Makhlooghiazad Faezeh , Armand Michel , Galceran Montserrat , Howlett Patrick C. , Forsyth Maria 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The development of highly conductive and safe electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries is an emerging field beyond lithium battery technologies. In this work we have developed new ionogel electrolytes consisting of a binary mixture of an organic ionic plastic crystal, N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidiniumbis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C2mpyrFSI), mixed with NaFSI supported on a mat of electrospun poly (vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers. The salt mixture near the eutectic composition (35 mol% NaFSI) was selected for further study after a detailed phase diagram analysis and ionogel electrolytes based on this were prepared. The ionic conductivity of the prepared ionogel composite reaches 2.6 × 10−3 S cm−1 at ambient temperature. This ionogel membrane possessed a relatively high Na-ion transference number of 0.44 at 50 °C and we demonstrate the performance of a Na metal full cell using a NaFePO4 cathode (1.75–4.0 V). The assembled cells show a good capacity retention with coulombic efficiency close to 100% at various C rates between C/20, C/10 and C/5, achieving 120 mAh g−1 at C/20. The long term charge/discharge performance is also demonstrated. Our study provides a feasible method to prepare highly conductive ionogel electrolytes for future Na-battery applications
The changing notion of chimera states, a critical review
Authors: Haugland Sindre W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chimera states, states of coexistence of synchronous and asynchronous motion, have been a subject of extensive research since they were first given a name in 2004. Increased interest has lead to their discovery in ever new settings, both theoretical and experimental. Less well-discussed is the fact that successive results have also broadened the notion of what actually constitutes a chimera state. In this article, we critically examine how the results for different model types and coupling schemes, as well as varying implicit interpretations of terms such as coexistence, synchrony and incoherence, have influenced the common understanding of what constitutes a chimera. We cover both theoretical and experimental systems, address various chimera-derived terms that have emerged over the years and finally reflect on the question of chimera states in real-world contexts.
An optimal antitumor response by a novel CEA/CD3 bispecific antibody for colorectal cancers
Authors: Wang Ninghai , Patel Harshal , Schneider Irene C , Kai Xin , Varshney Avanish K , Zhou Li 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundCD3-based bispecific T cell engagers (bsTCEs) are one of the most promising bispecific antibodies for effective cancer treatments. To elicit target-specific T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, these bsTCEs contain at least one binding unit directed against a tumor antigen and another binding unit targeting CD3 in T cell receptor complex. Development of CD3-based bsTCEs, however, has been severely hampered by dose-limiting toxicities due to cytokine release syndrome. To address this limitation, we developed a novel functionally trivalent T cell engager (t-TCE) antibody containing affinity-reduced CD3 binding unit positioned to ensure monovalent CD3 engagement, in combination with bivalent tumor antigen binding of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).MethodsWe modeled the variable region of anti-CD3 in the complementarity-determining regions of the heavy chain and obtained CD3 binders with reduced binding affinity. Two optimized versions CEA/CD3-v1 and CEA/CD3-v2 were identified and generated in tetravalent format, characterized and compared in vitro and in vivo for functional activity.ResultsOur lead candidate, CEA/CD3-v2, demonstrated subnanomolar binding and picomolar potency against a panel of CEA-expressing cancer cell lines. In addition, we detected reduced T cell cytokine release with potent cytotoxic activity. Our t-TCE CEA/CD3-v2 molecule demonstrated strong antitumor effect in a dose-dependent manner in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) xenograft model. Furthermore, combination of CEA/CD3-v2 with atezolizumab provided synergistic antitumor effect.ConclusionsBecause of its effective tumor cell killing in vitro and in vivo with reduced cytokine release, CEA/CD3 bsTCE may greatly benefit in CEA-positive cancer immunotherapy.
Multimorbidity patterns and risk of frailty in older community-dwelling adults: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Tazzeo Clare , Rizzuto Debora , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia , Roso-Llorach Albert , Marengoni Alessandra , Welmer Anna-Karin , Onder Graziano , Trevisan Caterina , Vetrano Davide Liborio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
the aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of different multimorbidity patterns with physical frailty in older adults.

Methods
we used data from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen to generate a physical frailty measure, and clusters of participants with similar multimorbidity patterns were identified through fuzzy c-means cluster analyses. The cross-sectional association (n = 2,534) between multimorbidity clusters and physical frailty was measured through logistic regression analyses. Six- (n = 2,122) and 12-year (n = 2,140) longitudinal associations were determined through multinomial logistic regression analyses.

Results
six multimorbidity patterns were identified at baseline: psychiatric diseases; cardiovascular diseases, anaemia and dementia; sensory impairments and cancer; metabolic and sleep disorders; musculoskeletal, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases; and an unspecific pattern lacking any overrepresented diseases. Cross-sectionally, each pattern was associated with physical frailty compared with the unspecific pattern. Over 6 years, the psychiatric diseases (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 3.04; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.59–5.79); cardiovascular diseases, anaemia and dementia (RRR 2.25; 95% CI: 1.13–4.49) and metabolic and sleep disorders (RRR 1.99; 95% CI: 1.25–3.16) patterns were associated with incident physical frailty. The cardiovascular diseases, anaemia and dementia (RRR: 4.81; 95% CI: 1.59–14.60); psychiatric diseases (RRR 2.62; 95% CI: 1.45–4.72) and sensory impairments and cancer (RRR 1.87; 95% CI: 1.05–3.35) patterns were more associated with physical frailty, compared with the unspecific pattern, over 12 years.

Conclusions
we found that older adults with multimorbidity characterised by cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric disease patterns are most susceptible to developing physical frailty.
scAMACE: model-based approach to the joint analysis of single-cell data on chromatin accessibility, gene expression and methylation
Authors: Wangwu Jiaxuan , Sun Zexuan , Lin Zhixiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Motivation
The advancement in technologies and the growth of available single-cell datasets motivate integrative analysis of multiple single-cell genomic datasets. Integrative analysis of multimodal single-cell datasets combines complementary information offered by single-omic datasets and can offer deeper insights on complex biological process. Clustering methods that identify the unknown cell types are among the first few steps in the analysis of single-cell datasets, and they are important for downstream analysis built upon the identified cell types.

Results
We propose scAMACE for the integrative analysis and clustering of single-cell data on chromatin accessibility, gene expression and methylation. We demonstrate that cell types are better identified and characterized through analyzing the three data types jointly. We develop an efficient Expectation–Maximization algorithm to perform statistical inference, and evaluate our methods on both simulation study and real data applications. We also provide the GPU implementation of scAMACE, making it scalable to large datasets.

Availability and implementation
The software and datasets are available at https://github.com/cuhklinlab/scAMACE_py (python implementation) and https://github.com/cuhklinlab/scAMACE (R implementation).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Vanillaflowers: much more than food-deception
Authors: Pansarin Emerson R 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn many flowering plants the attraction of pollinators is related to some kind of deception. Pollination by food-deception occurs in several angiosperm groups and is particularly widespread in orchids. Despite the apparent evolutionary success of pollination by food-deception, food-deceptive orchids show a low level of fruit set. Although studies are scarce, the pollination of Vanilla has been usually associated with nectar-deception. In Vanilla spp. (Vanilla bahiana, V. bicolor, V. chamissonis, V. edwallii, V. hartii, V. phaeantha, V. paulista, V. planifolia, V. ribeiroi and V. pompona), understanding the factors associated with pollinators is essential, since in vanilla production a cumbersome process of supplementary manual pollination is necessary to increase fruit set, which is frequently low under natural conditions. The production of floral rewards was investigated here in ten Neotropical Vanilla spp. based on morpho-anatomy and histochemical analyses of flowers. Six species (Vanilla bahiana, Vanilla bicolor, Vanilla chamissonis, Vanilla hartii, Vanilla phaeantha and Vanilla pompona) offer nectar as a reward. In Vanilla ribeiroi, the long trichomes of the labellum base are rich in starch grains and proteins, characteristic of food-hairs. The only secretory structures of Vanilla edwallii are osmophores on the inner surface of the labellum that are related to the attraction of oil-collecting bees as pollinators. Vanilla spp. possess sepaline and labellar osmophores. Inside the labellum the osmophores are arranged along longitudinal lines and act as resource guides. Although it is widely known that Vanilla flowers attract pollinators by nectar deception, the present data reveal that there may be a lack of knowledge regarding pollination in this group since the offer of nectar appears to be a common condition, at least for the euglossine-pollinated Neotropical clade. The remaining Neotropical groups exhibit other pollination strategies, such as the production of food-hairs and fragrances that attract oil-collecting bees to the flowers. The study of Vanilla pollination is extremely important because the need for manual pollination, added to the ripening and curing time, causes vanilla to be one of the most expensive spices in the world. According to the data presented here, the pollination systems of vanilla are much more diverse than classical “food deception”.
Formation of Oxazolidine Derivatives by Reaction with Ephedrines and Aldehyde Impurities in Ethyl Acetate
Authors: Tsujikawa Kenji , Okada Yuki , Segawa Hiroki , Kuwayama Kenji , Yamamuro Tadashi , Kanamori Tatsuyuki , Iwata Yuko T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ethyl acetate potentially contains formaldehyde and acetaldehyde as impurities. Ephedrines (ephedrine and pseudoephedrine) react with these aldehydes to give oxazolidines. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effects of aldehydes in ethyl acetate on the analysis of ephedrines by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Ephedrines dissolved in a basic solution were extracted with five lots of ethyl acetate; then, injected into a GC/MS system. Acetaldehyde in ethyl acetate was determined by headspace GC/MS. Acetaldehyde-free ethyl acetate, prepared by washing with sodium bisulfite solution, was also subjected to ephedrine extraction and acetaldehyde determination. Four of the five ethyl acetate lots produced 3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyloxazolidines (formaldehyde adducts of ephedrines) and 2,3,4-trimethyl-5-phenyloxazolidines (acetaldehyde adducts of ephedrines). Acetaldehyde was detected in the range of 23–89 μL/L in four lots of ethyl acetate and not detected in one lot, and the detection of acetaldehyde was associated with oxazolidine formation. Washing with sodium bisulfite solution removed ~90% of acetaldehyde and prevented oxazolidine formation. The study indicated that ephedrines reacted with aldehydes in ethyl acetate to produce oxazolidines and washing with sodium bisulfite solution prevented it. It is necessary to exercise caution when using ethyl acetate to extract ephedrines.
Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile/Clinoptilolite Coating for SPME of PAHs from Water Samples
Authors: Mollahosseini Afsaneh , Rastegari Mohammad , Panahi-Dehghan Mohadeseh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Electrospun polyacrylonitrile/clinoptilolite (PAN/CP) nanofibers were used to extract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene) from water samples by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The target PAHs was detected and quantified by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The PAN/CP fibrous coating with uniform morphology and without beads was electrospun after optimizing the electrospinning parameters by the Taguchi method. Thermogravimetric analysis of PAN/CP nanofibers indicated that the nanofibers are thermally stable up to 357°C. The effective parameters that affect the extraction by SPME were optimized using the response surface methodology based on the central composite design. The limits of detection and limits of quantification by the proposed method were 0.10–0.32 and 0.45–1.12 ng mL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviations were below 12%. The method was assessed for extracting PAHs from real samples including agricultural water, rainwater and spring water. The obtained relative recoveries were higher than 86%.
Data-driven point-of-care risk model in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock
Authors: Helgestad Ole K L , Povlsen Amalie L , Josiassen Jakob , Möller Sören , Hassager Christian , Jensen Lisette O , Holmvang Lene , Schmidt Henrik , Møller Jacob E , Ravn Hanne B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Prognosis models based on stepwise regression methods show modest performance in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Automated variable selection allows data-driven risk evaluation by recognizing distinct patterns in data. We sought to evaluate an automated variable selection method (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, LASSO) for predicting 30-day mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and CS (AMICS) receiving acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared to two established scores.

Methods and results
Consecutive patients with AMICS receiving acute PCI at one of two tertiary heart centres in Denmark 2010–2017. Patients were divided according to treatment with mechanical circulatory support (MCS); PCI–MCS cohort (n = 220) versus PCI cohort (n = 1180). The latter was divided into a development (2010–2014) and a temporal validation cohort (2015–2017). Cohort-specific LASSO models were based on data obtained before PCI. LASSO models outperformed IABP-SHOCK II and CardShock risk scores in discriminative ability for 30-day mortality in the PCI validation [receiver operating characteristics area under the curve (ROC AUC) 0.80 (95% CI 0.76–0.84) vs 0.73 (95% CI 0.69–0.77) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.65–0.75), respectively, P &lt; 0.01 for both] and PCI–MCS development cohort [ROC AUC 0.77 (95% CI 0.70–0.83) vs 0.64 (95% CI 0.57–0.71) and 0.64 (95% CI 0.57–0.71), respectively, P &lt; 0.01 for both]. Variable influence differed depending on MCS, with age being the most influential factor in the LASSO–PCI model, whereas haematocrit and estimated glomerular filtration rate were the highest-ranking factors in the LASSO–PCI–MCS model.

Conclusion
Data-driven prognosis models outperformed established risk scores in patients with AMICS receiving acute PCI and exhibited good discriminative abilities. Observations indicate a potential use of machinelearning to facilitate individualized patient care and targeted interventions in the future.
Lawyer Expertise and Contract Design—Evidence from M&A Negotiations
Authors: Karsten Christel , Malmendier Ulrike , Sautner Zacharias 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We argue that the relative expertise of contracting parties strongly affects contractual outcomes. Using unique data on company acquisition contracts, we document that lawyers with higher expertise relative to their counterparties negotiate better risk allocation for their clients and more favourable target prices. The benefits of high expertise outweigh its costs, largely because high-expertise lawyers economise on transaction costs by shortening negotiation times. Our findings suggest a need for explicit modelling of contracting skills, and they help explain heterogeneity in legal fees across law firms and the role of league tables of law firms.
Long-read transcriptome and other genomic resources for the angiosperm Silene noctiflora
Authors: Williams Alissa M , Itgen Michael W , Broz Amanda K , Carter Olivia G , Sloan Daniel B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The angiosperm genus Silene is a model system for several traits of ecological and evolutionary significance in plants, including breeding system and sex chromosome evolution, host-pathogen interactions, invasive species biology, heavy metal tolerance, and cytonuclear interactions. Despite its importance, genomic resources for this large genus of approximately 850 species are scarce, with only one published whole-genome sequence (from the dioecious species Silene latifolia). Here, we provide genomic and transcriptomic resources for a hermaphroditic representative of this genus (S. noctiflora), including a PacBio Iso-Seq transcriptome, which uses long-read, single-molecule sequencing technology to analyze full-length mRNA transcripts. Using these data, we have assembled and annotated high-quality full-length cDNA sequences for approximately 14,126 S. noctiflora genes and 25,317 isoforms. We demonstrated the utility of these data to distinguish between recent and highly similar gene duplicates by identifying novel paralogous genes in an essential protease complex. Furthermore, we provide a draft assembly for the approximately 2.7-Gb genome of this species, which is near the upper range of genome-size values reported for diploids in this genus and threefold larger than the 0.9-Gb genome of Silene conica, another species in the same subgenus. Karyotyping confirmed that S. noctiflora is a diploid, indicating that its large genome size is not due to polyploidization. These resources should facilitate further study and development of this genus as a model in plant ecology and evolution.
An efficient i-GONAD method for creating and maintaining lethal mutant mice using an inversion balancer identified from the C3H/HeJJcl strain
Authors: Iwata Satoru , Sasaki Takahisa , Nagahara Miki , Iwamoto Takashi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As the efficiency of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas system is extremely high, creation and maintenance of homozygous lethal mutants are often difficult. Here, we present an efficient in vivo electroporation method called improved genome editing via oviductal nucleic acid delivery (i-GONAD), wherein one of two alleles in the lethal gene was selectively edited in the presence of a non-targeted B6.C3H-In(6)1J inversion identified from the C3H/HeJJcl strain. This method did not require isolation, culture, transfer, or other in vitro handling of mouse embryos. The edited lethal genes were stably maintained in heterozygotes, as recombination is strongly suppressed within this inversion interval. Using this strategy, we successfully generated the first Tprkb null knockout strain with an embryonic lethal mutation and showed that B6.C3H-In(6)1J can efficiently suppress recombination. As B6.C3H-In(6)1J was tagged with a gene encoding the visible coat color marker, Mitf, the Tprkb mutation could be visually recognized. We listed the stock balancer strains currently available as public bioresources to create these lethal gene knockouts. This method will allow for more efficient experiments for further analysis of lethal mutants.
Race, Lifetime SES, and Allostatic Load Among Older Adults
Authors: Thomas Tobin Courtney S , Hargrove Taylor W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Prior research demonstrates that Black Americans receive fewer health benefits at high levels of socioeconomic status (SES) relative to Whites. Yet, few studies have considered the role of lifetime SES (ie, changes in SES from childhood to adulthood) in shaping these patterns among older adults. This study investigates the extent to which racial disparities in allostatic load (AL), an indicator of accelerated physiological aging, vary across levels of lifetime SES among Black and White adults aged 50 and older.

Methods
With data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study, modified Poisson regression models were used to assess racial differences in the odds of high AL (4+ high-risk biomarkers) among Black and White older adults (N = 518) within each level of lifetime SES (ie, stable low SES, upward mobility, downward mobility, and stable high SES).

Results
Stable high SES was associated with greater odds of high AL; there was not a significant association between other lifetime SES trajectories and AL. However, the magnitude of racial disparities varied across levels of lifetime SES, with a significant Black–White difference in AL observed only among upwardly mobile (odds ratio [OR] = 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24–2.51) and high SES groups (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.37–3.58).

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that racial disparities in AL among older adults depend on individuals’ lifetime SES trajectories and that older Black Americans receive fewer health benefits for achieving higher SES. These findings underscore the need to evaluate socioeconomic resources across the life course to clarify the extent of racial disparities among aging populations.