bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial bionic taste sensors coupled with chemometrics for rapid detection of beef adulteration
Authors: Lu Biao , Han Fangkai , Aheto Joshua H. , Rashed Marwan M. A. , Pan Zhenggao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of taste sensors coupled with chemometrics for rapid determination of beef adulteration. A total of 228 minced meat samples were prepared and analyzed via raw ground beef mixed separately with chicken, duck, and pork in the range of 0 ~ 50% by weight at 10% intervals. Total sugars, protein, fat, and ash contents were also measured to validate the differences between raw meats. For sensing the water‐soluble chemicals in the meats, an electronic tongue based on multifrequency large‐amplitude pulses and six metal electrodes (platinum, gold, palladium, tungsten, titanium, and silver) was employed. Fisher linear discriminant analysis (Fisher LDA) and extreme learning machine (ELM) were used to model the identification of raw and the adulterated meats. While an adulterant was detected, the level of adulteration was predicted using partial least squares (PLS) and ELM and the results compared. The results showed that superior recognition models derived from ELM were obtained, as the recognition rates for the independent samples in different meat groups were all over 90%; ELM models were more precisely than PLS models for prediction of the adulteration levels of beef mixed with chicken, duck, and pork, with root mean squares error for the independent samples of 0.33, 0.18, and 0.38% and coefficients of variance of 0.914, 0.956, and 0.928, respectively. The results suggested that taste sensors combined with ELM could be useful in the rapid detection of beef adulterated with other meats.
A new method for anti‐negative interference of calcium dobesilate in serum creatinine enzymatic analysis
Authors: Shen Hailan , Chen Kena , Cao Ju 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundSerum creatinine is a widely used biomarker for evaluating renal function. Sarcosine oxidase enzymatic (SOE) analysis is currently the most widely used method for the detection of creatinine. This method was negatively interfered with by calcium dobesilate, causing pseudo‐reduced results. The aim of this study was to explore a new method to alleviate the negative interference of this drug on creatinine detection.MethodWe formulated eight drug concentrations and 12 creatinine concentrations from serum. The SOE method, the new method, and the Jaffe method were used for detection in five systems. Creatinine biases were analyzed under the conditions with or without the interference of calcium dobesilate, at consistent or inconsistent creatinine concentrations. Creatinine concentrations were also analyzed at three medical decision levels (MDLs).ResultsCalcium dobesilate had negative interference in creatinine SOE analysis. With the increase in calcium dobesilate concentrations, the negative bias increases. The new BG method showed an anti‐negative interference effect. In the Roche system, the BG method reduced the negative bias from −71.11% to −16.7%. In the Abbott system, bias was reduced from −45.15% to −2.74%. In the Beckman system, the bias was reduced from −65.36% to −7.58%. In the Siemens system, the bias was reduced from −58.62% to −7.58%. In the Mindray system, the bias was reduced from −36.29% to −6.84%.ConclusionThe new method alleviated the negative interference of calcium dobesilate in creatinine SOE detection. The negative bias could be reduced from −60% or −70% to less than −20%.
Nonenhanced Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Amyloid Light‐Chain Amyloidosis
Authors: Li Xiao , Huang Sisi , Han Pei , Zhou Zhengwei , Azab Linda , Lu Meng , Li Jian , An Jing , Cao Yihan , Jin Zhengyu , Li Debiao , Wang Yining 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundChemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is an emerging metabolic MRI technique to map creatine distribution in the myocardium.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of using a contrast‐free CEST technique to evaluate cardiac involvement in amyloid light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis.Study typeProspective.PopulationForty patients with biopsy‐proven AL amyloidosis (age 57.6 ± 9.1 years, 31 males) and 20 healthy controls (age 42.8 ± 13.8 years, 13 males).Field strength/SequenceA 3.0 T, CEST imaging using a single‐shot FLASH sequence, T1 mapping with a modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery sequence and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging with a phase‐sensitive inversion recovery gradient echo sequence.AssessmentThe average CEST was calculated in the basal short‐axis slice of the entire left ventricle and septum. LGE was assessed subjectively (none/patchy/global) and extracellular volume (ECV), CEST and T1 maps generated.Statistical TestsComparison between patient groups and healthy controls was performed by one‐way analysis of variance with post hoc Bonferroni correction. Correlation was assessed using the Pearson's r correlation or Spearman ρ correlation. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.ResultsGlobal (0.09 ± 0.03 vs. 0.11 ± 0.02) and septal (0.09 ± 0.03 vs. 0.11 ± 0.03) basal short‐axis CEST was significantly decreased in patients with AL amyloidosis compared to the controls. Global CEST correlated significantly with Mayo stage (ρ = −0.508), NYHA Class (ρ = −0.430), LVEF (r = 0.511), mass index (r = −0.373), LGE (ρ = −0.537), ECV (r = −0.544), and T2 (r = −0.396). Septal CEST correlated significantly with LVEF (r = 0.395), LGE (ρ = −0.330), and ECV (r = −0.391).Data ConclusionsThis study highlights the potential of CEST MRI to identify cardiac involvement and evaluate disease burden and to give insight into cellular changes intermediary between function and structure in AL amyloidosis patients.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Identifying meaningful covariates that can improve the interpolation of monsoon rainfall in a low‐lying tropical region
Authors: Das Samiran , Wahiduzzaman Md 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe assessment of spatio‐temporal distribution of rainfall over the entire monsoon season is critical for the water resources management in a tropical low‐lying region like Bangladesh. The primary objective is to find suitable interpolation methods for each monsoon month as well as the accumulated rainfall for the entire season in Bangladesh. As the unique position of Bangladesh and monsoon system both contribute the variation in rainfall, the identification of associated suitable covariates can offer reliable estimates when applied with the appropriate interpolation model. Several potential covariates are identified diligently including the remotely sensed annul average monsoon rainfall (RAAMR), distance to Bay‐of‐Bengal and distance to Hindu‐Kush Himalayan Region, among others. This study mainly considers the multivariate approach: kriging with external drift (KED) which is able to take external information to positive impact. The method is then compared with the more traditional univariate, ordinary kriging (OK) and the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method using the cross‐validation technique. Daily rainfall data from 1970 to 2016 at 34 stations were used for the assessment. Result shows that the KED model is identified suitable for the considered variants of June, August, September and annual average monsoon rainfall whereas the OK is appropriate for July. Overall, the KED is found superior model with the incorporation of RAAMR data. The successful inclusion of remotely sensed data in the kriging system paves a new dimension in the climatological research for countries where climate‐measuring resources are limited.
Fermented goat's milk modulates immune response during iron deficiency anemia recovery
Authors: García‐Burgos María , Moreno‐Fernandez Jorge , Díaz‐Castro Javier , M Alférez María José , López‐Aliaga Inmaculada 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIron deficiency and iron overload can affect the normal functioning of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Fermented milk products may enhance immune functions, but little is known about the effect of fermented milks on modulation of the immune response during iron deficiency anemia and recovery with normal or high dietary iron intake. Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group fed a standard diet or to an anemic group fed a diet deficit in iron. Control and anemic groups were fed for 30 days with diets based on a fermented goat's or cow's milk product, with normal iron content or iron overload.RESULTSIn general, during anemia recovery lectin and alternative complement pathway activity and lactoferrin decreased, because it improves iron homeostasis, which is critically important in immune system functions. Fermented goat's milk diet enhanced immune function during iron deficiency recovery, suppressed oxidant‐induced eotaxin and fractalkine expression due to the concurrent reduction of free radical production and pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and decreased monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and monocyte migration and adhesion. The increase in interferon‐γ can confer immunological colonization of gut microbiota and downregulate inflammation.CONCLUSIONFermented goat's milk consumption enhances immune function, modifying complement pathway activity and decreasing pro‐inflammatory cytokines as well as lactoferrin concentration, due to the improvement of iron homeostasis, which is critically important in the normal function of the immune system. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of the early COVID‐19 pandemic on Breast Surgical Oncology fellow education
Authors: Kilgore Lyndsey J. , Murphy Brittany L. , Postlewait Lauren M. , Liang Diana H. , Bedrosian Isabelle , Lucci Anthony , Kuerer Henry M. , Hunt Kelly K. , Teshome Mediget 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe early COVID‐19 pandemic rapidly transformed healthcare and medical education. We sought to evaluate the professional and personal impact of the pandemic on 2019–2020 Breast Surgical Oncology (BSO) fellows in Society of Surgical Oncology approved programs to capture the experience and direct future changes.MethodsFrom July 15, 2020 to August 4, 2020 a survey was administered to the American Society of Breast Surgeons' fellow members. The survey assessed the impact of the pandemic on clinical experience, education/research opportunities, personal health/well‐being, and future career. Responses were collected and aggregated to quantify the collective experience of respondents.ResultsTwenty‐eight of fifty‐seven (54%) eligible fellows responded. Twenty‐one (75%) indicated the clinical experience changed. Twenty‐seven (96%) reported less time spent caring for ambulatory breast patients and sixteen (57%) reported the same/more time spent in the operating room. Fourteen (50%) stated their future job was impacted and eight (29%) delayed general surgery board examinations. Stress was increased in 26 (93%). Personal health was unaffected in 20 (71%), and 3 (10%) quarantined for COVID‐19 exposure/infection.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic altered the clinical experience of BSO fellows; however, the operative experience was generally unaffected. The creation of frameworks and support mechanisms to mitigate potential challenges for fellows and fellowship programs in the ongoing pandemic and other times of national crisis should be considered.
Effects of Knockdown of XPO5 by siRNA on the Biological Behavior of Head and Neck Cancer Cells
Authors: Özdaş Sibel , Canatar İpek , Özdaş Talih 
Published: July 2021

Objectives/HypothesisDysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and dysregulation of the mechanisms that regulate them are associated with carcinogenesis. Exportin‐5 (XPO5), a member of the Karyopherin family, is responsible for the transfer of pre‐miRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Despite the high oncogenic potential of XPO5 as a critical regulator of the biogenesis of miRNAs, its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) biology has not been explained yet.Study DesignIn‐vitro translational.MethodsThe expression of XPO5 at the mRNA, protein, and intracellular level in SCC‐9, FaDu SCC‐90, and Detroit‐562 cell lines were evaluated with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western‐blot analysis, and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The functional role of XPO5 in HNSCC was analyzed by silencing the gene expression with XPO5‐small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the in vitro model. Cell proliferation, migration capacity, and apoptosis in XPO5 knockdown HNSCC cell lines were evaluated by MTT, wound‐healing, and caspase‐3 assay, respectively.ResultsExpression of XPO5 was determined to be upregulated at mRNA, protein, and intracellular level in metastatic cells compared to primary cells in HNSCC. XPO5 gene expression was knockdown by XPO5‐siRNA transfection, verifying that it was suppressed at the mRNA, protein, and intracellular level. Silencing XPO5 caused a decrease in cell proliferation, delay in wound healing, and increase in Caspase‐3 enzyme activity in HNSCC cell lines compared to control.ConclusionsThis report is the first to describe the oncogenic role of XPO5 in HNSCC biology by in vitro experiments. Consequently, XPO5 can be used as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target molecule against the disease in the diagnosis‐treatment‐follow‐up of HNSCC.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:569–577, 2022
Understanding the impact of recipient identification and discount structure on social coupon sharing: The role of altruism and market mavenism
Authors: Hanson Sara , Kukar‐Kinney Monika , Yuan Hong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study investigates consumers’ sharing of social coupons, a novel and understudied marketing strategy in which a consumer receives a coupon set where one coupon is meant to be kept and redeemed, while the other is meant to be shared with a secondary recipient. Linking the literature on marketing promotions, social influence, sharing motivations, and consumer characteristics, we examine how identification of a specific secondary recipient (e.g., family member vs. co‐worker) and coupon discount structure (e.g., equal discount for both the sharer and the secondary recipient vs. a structure favoring one of the parties) affect social coupon sharing. Four experimental studies demonstrate that consumers are more likely to share social coupons when socially close to the identified recipient and when discount structure benefits the secondary recipient due to enhanced feelings of altruism. These effects are particularly impactful for individuals low in market mavenism, whereas individuals high in market mavenism share regardless. These findings enhance theories on behavioral pricing, social influence, and sharing motivations. Results indicate that current practices in the marketplace may not all be strategically sound and that practitioners should carefully consider how identification and discount structure are employed to maximize social coupon sharing.
Dream Content Predicts Motor and Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Otaiku Abidemi I. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundDream content alterations in Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with motor and cognitive dysfunction cross‐sectionally. Although recent studies suggest abnormal dream content in PD might also predict cognitive decline, the relationship between dream content and motor decline in PD remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate whether abnormal dream content in PD predicts both motor and cognitive decline.MethodsData were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort study. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at the 60‐month follow‐up, with validated clinical scales, including the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS‐UPDRS III). Patients were dichotomized using RBDSQ item 2, which inquires whether they frequently experience aggression in their dreams. Regression analyses were used to assess whether frequent aggressive dreams at baseline predicted longitudinal changes in MDS‐UPDRS III and MoCA scores as well as progression to Hoehn and Yahr stage 3 (H&Y ≥ 3) and cognitive impairment.ResultsOf the patients, 58/224 (25.9%) reported frequent aggressive dreams at baseline. Aggressive dreams predicted a faster increase in MDS‐UPDRS III scores (β = 4.64;P = 0.007) and a faster decrease in MoCA scores (β = −1.49;P = 0.001). Furthermore, they conferred a 6‐fold and 2‐fold risk for progressing to H&Y ≥ 3 (odds ratio [OR] = 5.82;P = 0.005) and cognitive impairment (OR, 2.35;P = 0.023) within 60 months. These associations remained robust when adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates for the first time that frequent aggressive dreams in newly diagnosed PD may independently predict early motor and cognitive decline.
Autosomic dominant polycystic kidney disease and metformin: Old knowledge and new insights on retarding progression of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Casarella Alessandro , Nicotera Ramona , Zicarelli Maria T. , Urso Alessandra , Presta Pierangela , Deodato Francesca , Bolignano Davide , De Sarro Giovambattista , Andreucci Michele , Russo Emilio , Coppolino Giuseppe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common congenital kidney disorder, generally caused by mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, coding for polycystins 1 and 2. Its pathogenesis is accompanied by alterations of the cAMP, mTOR, MAPK/ERK, and JAK/STAT pathways. ADPKD is clinically characterized by the formation of many growing cysts with kidney enlargement and a progressive damage to the parenchyma, up to its complete loss of function, and the onset of end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). The current aim of ADPKD therapy is the inhibition of cyst development and retardation of chronic kidney disease progression. Several drugs have been recently included as potential therapies for ADPKD including metformin, the drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, according to its potential inhibitory effects on cystogenesis. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical evidence endorsing or rejecting metformin administration in ADPKD evolution and pathological mechanisms. We explored the biology of APDKD and the role of metformin in slowing down cystogenesis searching PubMed and Clinical Trials to identify relevant data from the database inception to December 2020. From our research analysis, evidence for metformin as emerging cure for ADPKD mainly arise from preclinical studies. In fact, clinical studies are still scanty and stronger evidence is awaited. Its effects are likely mediated by inhibition of the ERK pathway and increase of AMPK levels, which are both linked to ADPKD pathogenesis.
Symmetric periodic leaky‐wave antenna for open stopband suppression
Authors: Ahmad Ayaz , Kumar Busineni Mahesh , Mukherjee Jayanta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, a novel symmetric periodic leaky‐wave antenna is proposed for open stopband suppression. The unit cell of the proposed antenna consists of an H‐shaped ring as the leakage element. Using L–C circuit analysis, it is shown that the open stopband is effectively eliminated by optimizing the H‐shaped ring. A prototype is fabricated to verify the simulated results. The antenna radiates in the broadside direction at 7.9 GHz. The impedance bandwidth corresponding to the n = −1 space harmonic ranges between 5.7 and 11 GHz.
Mixed‐methods study protocol for explanation of pregnant women’s concerns about antenatal anomaly screening process: Designing, implementing and evaluation of intervention
Authors: Khakbazan Zohreh , Poursharifi Hamid , Farnam Farnaz , Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Abdollahi Parsa , Haghani Shima , Arjmandifar Mitra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThis study aims to investigate the concerns of Iranian pregnant women in the antenatal anomaly screening process (AASP) and propose an intervention to reduce these concerns.DesignThis exploratory sequential mixed‐methods study is conducted in three stages (qualitative, intervention design and quantitative), in Tehran.MethodsA qualitative study is carried out to collect pregnant women's concerns during the AASP. Then, a two‐step procedure is implemented. In the first step (expert session), the concerns extracted in the qualitative part are prioritized. Next, the interventions used to reduce the concerns of pregnant women in the AASP are reviewed by considering the priority determined in the previous stage. The information obtained from this step is used to design intervention. Ultimately, a randomized controlled trial is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.DiscussionThe results can be used for framing policies in health systems to address pregnant women's concerns in the AASP and to promote their mental health.
Virtual foaling: A case study
Authors: Jones Stephanie L. , Carraway Candis L. , Barnes Jared 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID‐19 during the spring 2020 semester prevented the normal face‐to‐face format of the Equine Reproduction and Foaling course and laboratory due to campus closure and prevention of students returning to campus. This case study provides a unique teaching strategy utilizing a cloud‐based live feed video surveillance system for the remote observation of four mares during foaling to provide students with real time streaming video and the effective delivery of online content. Students coordinated overnight observation shifts with the GroupMe app and sent notifications to classmates of foaling events. The student feedback for the course was positive and provided an extraordinary experience of students witnessing the real time birth of a foal from home. After completing the Equine Reproduction and Foaling course, several enrolled students have indicated interest in pursuing careers as foaling attendants or in the equine reproduction industry in general due to the impact of the experiential learning delivered in this course. Utilization of a remote, cloud‐based surveillance system for live viewing from various mobile devices is an instructional strategy that may be advantageous in a variety of animal science or agriculture courses to provide effective online delivery of face‐to‐face content.
Nocturnal oximetry in bariatric surgery patients referred to overnight in‐lab polysomnography
Authors: Duarte Ricardo L. M. , Magalhães‐da‐Silveira Flavio J. , Gozal David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate nocturnal oximetry approaches in identifying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among bariatric surgical candidates.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study involving adult bariatric patients who were undergoing in‐lab polysomnography and who were previously screened with the GOAL questionnaire. OSA severity was established as any OSA, moderate/severe OSA, and severe OSA. Oximetry data were evaluated as oxygen saturation (average and nadir), oxygen desaturation index (ODI) at 3%, and proportion of time spent with oxygen saturation <90%. Associations between oximetry data and the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) were assessed by Spearman correlation index (r), linear regression, logistic regression, and discrimination.ResultsAll oximetry values were significantly correlated with the AHI among 1,178 individuals, with the ODI emerging as the better parameter (r = 0.911, p < 0.001). Using linear regression, the ODI was the only predictor of the AHI (β = 0.952, p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the ODI was the only independent parameter predicting OSA at all severity levels. In addition, the ODI exhibited excellent discrimination to predict OSA and displayed improved performance among individuals screened as being at high risk versus those at low risk with the GOAL instrument.ConclusionsThe ODI emerges as a valid surrogate predictor of the AHI, particularly among those screened as being at high risk for OSA.