bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life expectancy and mortality in 363 cities of Latin America
Authors:   the SALURBAL group, Bilal Usama , Hessel Philipp , Perez-Ferrer Carolina , Michael Yvonne L. , Alfaro Tania , Tenorio-Mucha Janeth , Friche Amelia A. L. , Pina Maria Fatima , Vives Alejandra , Quick Harrison , Alazraqui Marcio , Rodriguez Daniel A. , Miranda J. Jaime , Diez-Roux Ana V. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe concept of a so-called urban advantage in health ignores the possibility of heterogeneity in health outcomes across cities. Using a harmonized dataset from the SALURBAL project, we describe variability and predictors of life expectancy and proportionate mortality in 363 cities across nine Latin American countries. Life expectancy differed substantially across cities within the same country. Cause-specific mortality also varied across cities, with some causes of death (unintentional and violent injuries and deaths) showing large variation within countries, whereas other causes of death (communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases) varied substantially between countries. In multivariable mixed models, higher levels of education, water access and sanitation and less overcrowding were associated with longer life expectancy, a relatively lower proportion of communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional deaths and a higher proportion of deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases. These results highlight considerable heterogeneity in life expectancy and causes of death across cities of Latin America, revealing modifiable factors that could be amenable to urban policies aimed toward improving urban health in Latin America and more generally in other urban environments.
A dataset of remote-sensed Forel-Ule Index for global inland waters during 2000–2018
Authors: Wang Shenglei , Li Junsheng , Zhang Wenzhi , Cao Chang , Zhang Fangfang , Shen Qian , Zhang Xianfeng , Zhang Bing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWater colour is the result of its constituents and their interactions with solar irradiance; this forms the basis for water quality monitoring using optical remote sensing data. The Forel-Ule Index (FUI) is a useful comprehensive indicator to show the water colour variability and water quality change in both inland waters and oceans. In recent decades, lakes around the world have experienced dramatic changes in water quality under pressure from both climate change and anthropogenic activities. However, acquiring consistent water colour products for global lakes has been a challenge. In this paper we present the first time series FUI dataset for large global lakes from 2000–2018 based on MODIS observations. This dataset provides significant information on spatial and temporal changes of water colour for global large lakes during the past 19 years. It will be valuable to studies in search of the drivers of global and regional lake colour change, and the interaction mechanisms between water colour, hydrological factors, climate change, and anthropogenic activities.
Altitude and risk of sudden unexpected infant death in the United States
Authors: Johnston Richard , Yan Xiaohan , Anderson Tatiana M. , Mitchell Edwin A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe effect of altitude on the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been reported previously, but with conflicting findings. We aimed to examine whether the risk of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) varies with altitude in the United States. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s Cohort Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set for births between 2005 and 2010 were examined. County of birth was used to estimate altitude. Logistic regression and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) were used, adjusting for year, mother’s race, Hispanic origin, marital status, age, education and smoking, father’s age and race, number of prenatal visits, plurality, live birth order, and infant’s sex, birthweight and gestation. There were 25,305,778 live births over the 6-year study period. The total number of deaths from SUID in this period were 23,673 (rate = 0.94/1000 live births). In the logistic regression model there was a small, but statistically significant, increased risk of SUID associated with birth at > 8000 feet compared with < 6000 feet (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.00–3.71). The GAM showed a similar increased risk over 8000 feet, but this was not statistically significant. Only 9245 (0.037%) of mothers gave birth at > 8000 feet during the study period and 10 deaths (0.042%) were attributed to SUID. The number of SUID deaths at this altitude in the United States is very small (10 deaths in 6 years).
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in Polish patients with ulcerative colitis: a pilot study
Authors: Zakerska-Banaszak Oliwia , Tomczak Hanna , Gabryel Marcin , Baturo Alina , Wolko Lukasz , Michalak Michal , Malinska Natalia , Mankowska-Wierzbicka Dorota , Eder Piotr , Dobrowolska Agnieszka , Slomski Ryszard , Skrzypczak-Zielinska Marzena 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder, whose etiology is not fully understood and for which no effective treatment is available. Recently, research has focused on the dysbiosis of gut microbiome in UC. However, the results so far remain inconsistent and insufficient to understand the microbial component in UC pathogenesis. In this study, we determine specific changes in the gut microbial profile in Polish UC patients compared to healthy subjects for the first time. Using 16S rRNA gene-based analysis we have described the intestinal microbial community in a group of 20 individuals (10 UC patients and 10 controls). Our results after multiple hypothesis testing correction demonstrated substantially lower gut microbiome diversity in UC cases compared to the controls and considerable differences at the phylum level, as well as among 13 bacterial families and 20 bacterial genera (p < 0.05). UC samples were more abundant in Proteobacteria (8.42%), Actinobacteria (6.89%) and Candidate Division TM7 (2.88%) than those of healthy volunteers (2.57%, 2.29% and 0.012%, respectively). On the other hand, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia were presented at a lower level in UC relative to the controls (14% and 0% vs 27.97% and 4.47%, respectively). In conclusion, our results show a reduced gut microbial diversity in Polish UC patients, a reduction of taxa with an anti-inflammatory impact and an increased abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria.
Valproic acid influences the expression of genes implicated with hyperglycaemia-induced complement and coagulation pathways
Authors: Felisbino Marina Barreto , Ziemann Mark , Khurana Ishant , Okabe Jun , Al-Hasani Keith , Maxwell Scott , Harikrishnan K. N. , de Oliveira Camila Borges Martins , Mello Maria Luiza S. , El-Osta Assam 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBecause the liver plays a major role in metabolic homeostasis and secretion of clotting factors and inflammatory innate immune proteins, there is interest in understanding the mechanisms of hepatic cell activation under hyperglycaemia and whether this can be attenuated pharmacologically. We have previously shown that hyperglycaemia stimulates major changes in chromatin organization and metabolism in hepatocytes, and that the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) is able to reverse some of these metabolic changes. In this study, we have used RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate how VPA influences gene expression in hepatocytes. Interesting, we observed that VPA attenuates hyperglycaemia-induced activation of complement and coagulation cascade genes. We also observe that many of the gene activation events coincide with changes to histone acetylation at the promoter of these genes indicating that epigenetic regulation is involved in VPA action.
A novel methodology for high‐frequency lumped equivalent circuit of an isolated transformer winding construction based on frequency response analysis signal morphology interpretation
Authors: Amara Abderrazak , Gacemi Abderrazak , Houassine Hamza , Chaouche Moustafa Sahnoune 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA novel auto‐synthesis method is proposed to construct the mutually coupled equivalent circuit of an isolated air‐core transformer winding based on the signal morphology interpretation of its measured frequency response analysis (FRA) only. Therefore, this approach aims to determine the model parameters from the frequency sub‐bands (low, medium and high frequency), each of which reflects its dominant parameters, where the parameter identification procedure is done from their corresponding sub‐band separately. Besides, the optimisation algorithms have difficulties in estimating the nearly unique lumped circuit parameter in a large search space. For this reason, based on analytical simplifications, two novel dynamic autonomous methods have been proposed to restrict the search space bounds of the inductances and the capacitances. Finally, real case studies were used on actual air‐core windings to validate the ability of the proposed method to perform an automated synthesis. Consequently, a nearly unique equivalent circuit model has accomplished automatically with high accuracy.
Directivity enhancement and characteristics of space‐wave, leaky‐wave and creeping‐waves for an impedance cylinder coated with dielectric
Authors: Singh Mahesh , Ghosh Bratin , Sarabandi Kamal 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe dielectric‐coated impedance cylinder configuration is investigated thoroughly with respect to the space‐wave, leaky‐wave and creeping‐wave excitations for all source polarizations. A very high directivity is achieved for the space‐ and leaky‐wave radiation for the antenna structure compared to that from a dielectric cylindrical rod investigated earlier. It is also observed that such high directivity for the dominant‐mode leaky‐wave is accompanied by higher‐order azimuthal harmonics with low attenuation constant contributing to the leaky‐wave pole, instead of the n = 0 harmonic for the previous configuration. A large enhancement in the space‐wave directivity is also achieved, contributed by higher space‐wave harmonics compared to lower‐order azimuthal harmonics for the cylindrical dielectric rod antenna. The space‐wave and leaky‐wave directivities are examined with variation in the design parameters and azimuthal harmonics. The phase and attenuation characteristics of the leaky‐wave are used to evaluate the optimized leaky‐wave structure parameters and appropriate azimuthal harmonics that result in high directivity for the configuration. The creeping‐wave characteristics for the configuration are also investigated, with a relatively stronger creeping‐wave excitation observed for an inductive surface‐impedance.
An adaptive fractional fuzzy sliding mode controlled PSS for transient stability improvement under different system uncertainties
Authors: Paital Shiba R. , Ray Prakash K. , Mohanty Soumya R. , Mohanty Asit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn adaptive fractional fuzzy sliding mode controller (AFFSMC) based power system stabilizer (PSS) is proposed for damping out low‐frequency oscillations in single machine infinite bus and multimachine power systems under various operational contingencies. The proposed stabilizer is a combination of adaptive fuzzy control with a fractional order proportional integral derivative controller and sliding mode controller. A fractional sliding surface is adopted which enables the system to remain in the proposed robust sliding surface stably to eliminate the effects of chattering at any initial conditions. In addition, fractional adaptive rules based on fuzzy sets were used for optimal selection of parameters of the controller. Here, the stability issue is addressed through Lyapunov synthesis. Speed deviation and acceleration are considered as input signals to the proposed controller. A comparative analysis of performance indices such as settling time, maximum peak overshoot is presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach. In addition, stability analysis using Eigen value, integral time absolute error and shape of demerit were also presented to augment the stability study. The simulation results confirm that the proposed AFFSMC‐PSS shows superior robust damping performance as compared to other approaches.
Hardware‐in‐the‐loop demonstration of automated demand response for distribution networks using PMU and MQTT
Authors: Jahić Admir , Hastings John , Morrow D John , Laverty David 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA detailed description of an Automated Demand Response system is presented that can provide active distribution‐level voltage control, and sub‐second system‐wide frequency response services. The system is validated using a hardware‐in‐the‐loop demonstrator including synchronous machines, real and simulated Internet Protocol communications, cloud‐based computing, inexpensive measurement hardware, and state‐of‐the‐art secure IoT protocols. It is shown that a real‐time, model‐informed, demand‐response system utilising wide‐area Phasor measurement unit (PMU) data is cost effective and feasible.
Optimal control methods for drug delivery in cancerous tumour by anti‐angiogenic therapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Khalili Pariya , Zolatash Sareh , Vatankhah Ramin , Taghvaei Sajjad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThere are numerous mathematical models simulating the behaviour of cancer by considering variety of states in different treatment strategies, such as chemotherapy. Among the models, one is developed which is able to consider the blood vessel‐production (angiogenesis) in the vicinity of the tumour and the effect of anti‐angiogenic therapy. In the mentioned‐model, normal cells, cancer cells, endothelial cells, chemotherapy and anti‐angiogenic agents are taking into account as state variables, and the rate of injection of the last two are considered as control inputs. Since controlling the cancerous tumour growth is a challenging matter for patient's life, the time schedule design of drug injection is very significant. Two optimal control strategies, an open‐loop (calculus of variations) and a closed‐loop (state‐dependent Riccati equation), are applied on the system in order to find an optimal time scheduling for each drug injection. By defining a proper cost function, an optimal control signal is designed for each one. Both obtained control inputs have reasonable answers, and the system is controlled eventually, but by comparing them, it is concluded that both methods have their own benefits which will be discussed in details in the conclusion section.
Multi-instrument analysis of far-ultraviolet aurora in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Stephenson P. , Galand M. , Feldman P. D. , Beth A. , Rubin M. , Bockelée-Morvan D. , Biver N. , Cheng Y.-C. , Parker J. , Burch J. , Johansson F. L. , Eriksson A. 
Published: January 2021

Aims.We aim to determine whether dissociative excitation of cometary neutrals by electron impact is the major source of far-ultraviolet (FUV) emissions at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in the southern hemisphere at large heliocentric distances, both during quiet conditions and impacts of corotating interaction regions observed in the summer of 2016.Methods.We combined multiple datasets from the Rosetta mission through a multi-instrument analysis to complete the first forward modelling of FUV emissions in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P and compared modelled brightnesses to observations with the Alice FUV imaging spectrograph. We modelled the brightness of OI1356, OI1304, Lyman-β, CI1657, and CII1335 emissions, which are associated with the dissociation products of the four major neutral species in the coma: CO2, H2O, CO, and O2. The suprathermal electron population was probed by the Ion and Electron Sensor of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium and the neutral column density was constrained by several instruments: the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA), the Microwave Instrument for the Rosetta Orbiter and the Visual InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer.Results.The modelled and observed brightnesses of the FUV emission lines agree closely when viewing nadir and dissociative excitation by electron impact is shown to be the dominant source of emissions away from perihelion. The CII1335 emissions are shown to be consistent with the volume mixing ratio of CO derived from ROSINA. When viewing the limb during the impacts of corotating interaction regions, the model reproduces brightnesses of OI1356 and CI1657 well, but resonance scattering in the extended coma may contribute significantly to the observed Lyman-βand OI1304 emissions. The correlation between variations in the suprathermal electron flux and the observed FUV line brightnesses when viewing the comet’s limb suggests electrons are accelerated on large scales and that they originate in the solar wind. This means that the FUV emissions are auroral in nature.
Utilization of MOSFET transistor as an electronic load to trace I-V and P-V curve of a solar panel
Authors: Asbayou Abdellah , Agdam Mohamed , Aamoume Amine , Soussi Ahmed , Ihla Ahmed , Bouhouch Lahoussine 
Published: January 2021

To understand the electrical behavior of a photovoltaic panel, it is necessary to know the characteristic Ipv = f(Vpv). The best way to obtainthis I-V curve is to use a variable resistor.
This paper proposes a new and simple technique based on a MOSFET transistor as a variable load, which whose gate voltage is controlled by an RC filter from the Arduino. A comparison under standard temperature and illumination conditions between the manufacturer’s datasheet with the simulation by MATLAB/Simulink on the one hand, and on the other hand between the manufacturer’s datasheet with the experimental data for the evaluation of this technique that has been performed.
Farmers’s Choice to Risk Management Strategies of Corn Farming in Sigi District Central Sulawesi
Authors: SP Rahayu Heni , Dewi Mardiana , Febrianti Tina 
Published: January 2021

Corn has a very significant contribution in the national economy as one of main food crop commodities. As a strategic commodity, corn has big potency even in covid-19 pandemic time, corn relatively resilient compare to other commodities in Central Sulawesi.However the level of corn productivity will relate to the adoption of technology and the farmers’s choices to cope with risk, both production and marketing. Therefore, the study aims to know farmers’s choices to corn farming risk management strategies. A survey had been conducted to 75 respondents across the three districts in Sigi Central Sulawesi, and a quantitative analysis approach was applied in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multinomial logit analysis. The result showed that mostly of the corn farmers have no spesific risk management strategy due to the limit of information and awareness. While a second number already aware but not use spesific strategies. The rest of respondents have adopted certain strategies for managing risk but not compensatory for marketing’s risk yet. Some farmers gave credence to engage with the not formal contract or middleman as buyers and supplierfor the production input and thus, becoming vulnerable position for the farmers. Variables that significantly gave effect on the choice of risk management strategies are: education, farm size, activity in farmer group, alternative commodity, and propensity to take a risk.
Un analogue du glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) administré par voie orale
Authors: Larger Étienne 
Published: January 2021

Le sémaglutide est le premier peptide à avoir reçu une autorisation européenne de mise sur le marché, pour une administration quotidienne par voie orale dans le traitement du diabète de type 2. La molécule active est identique à celle qui est déjà commercialisée pour une administration hebdomadaire par voie sous-cutanée. Elle est associée à un nouvel excipent, qui la protège de la dégradation par la pepsine gastrique et permet son absorption dans l’estomac. Cet article présente les caractéristiques pharmacologiques du médicament dans sa nouvelle formulation, ainsi qu’une analyse critique des résultats des principaux essais cliniques de phase III dans lesquels elle a été testée.
Bipolar Disorder and Outcomes of Monotherapy with Lithium, Valproate, Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Venlafaxine, and Citalopram
Authors: Bohlken Jens , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Bauer Michael , Kostev Karel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of monotherapy in individuals with bipolar disorder who are prescribed lithium, valproate, quetiapine, olanzapine, venlafaxine, or citalopram in private psychiatric practices in Germany.
Methods This retrospective study included bipolar disorder patients who had initially started on a monotherapy with lithium, valproate, quetiapine, olanzapine, venlafaxine, or citalopram in 93 private neuropsychiatric practices in Germany between January 2006 and December 2017. Treatment failure was defined as time to discontinuation of medication or addition of another mood stabilizer, antipsychotic, antidepressant, or benzodiazepine.
Results A total of 4990 bipolar patients was examined for the period between 2006 and 2019. Initially, monotherapy with lithium (n=1.098), valproate (n=502), quetiapine (n=927), olanzapine (n=927), venlafaxine (n=574), or citalopram (n=962) was prescribed. Within 24 months, treatment failure had occurred in 76.3% (lithium), 85.1% (valproate), 84.6% (quetiapine), 85.2% (venlafaxine), 92.1% (olanzapine), and 86.6% (citalopram) of patients, respectively. The hazard ratio for treatment failure compared to lithium as reference was highest for olanzapine at 1.66 (1.46–1.88), followed by citalopram 1.27 (1.15–1.39), quetiapine 1.18 (1.07–1.29), valproate 1.18 (1.06–1.33), and venlafaxine 1.14 (1.02–1.27).
Conclusions Our results underline the importance of lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders.
Hydroxylamines as One-Atom Nitrogen Sources for Metal-Catalyzed Cycloadditions
Authors: Luan Xinjun , Yu Jingxun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTransition-metal-catalyzed C–N bond formation is one of the most important pathways to synthesize N-heterocycles. Hydroxylamines can be transformed into a nucleophilic reagent to react with a carbon cation or coordinate with a transition metal; it can also become an electrophilic nitrogen source to react with arenes, alkenes, and alkynes. In this short review, the progress made on transition-metal-catalyzed cycloadditions with hydroxylamines as a nitrogen source is summarized.1	Introduction2	Cycloaddition To Form Aziridine Derivatives2.1	Intramolecular Cycloaddition To Form Aziridine Derivatives2.2	Intermolecular Cycloaddition To Form Aziridine Derivatives3	Cycloaddition To Form Indole Derivatives4	Cycloaddition To Form Other N-Heterocycles4.1	Aza-Heck-Type Amination Reactions4.2	Nitrene Insertion Amination Reactions4.3	Intramolecular Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Amination Reactions5	Conclusion and Outlook
Nickel-Catalyzed Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Aryl Halides to Aryl Ketones for the Synthesis of Benzofuran Derivatives
Authors: Deng Chen-Liang , Zhu Xiao-Rui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA nickel-catalyzed intramolecular nucleophilic addition reaction of aryl halides to aryl ketones for the formation of benzofuran derivatives has been developed. A number of substrates bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups were subjected to the standard reaction conditions, giving the corresponding products in moderate to good yields.