bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defrag and reboot? Consolidating information and communication technology research in I-O psychology
Authors: Hu Xinyu (Judy) , Barber Larissa K. , Park YoungAh , Day Arla 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSeveral decades of research have addressed the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology. However, segmented research streams with myriad terminologies run the risk of construct proliferation and lack an integrated theoretical justification of the contributions of ICT concepts. Therefore, by identifying important trends and reflecting on key constructs, findings, and theories, our review seeks to determine whether a compelling case can be made for the uniqueness of ICT-related concepts in studying employee and performance in I-O psychology. Two major themes emerge from our review of the ICT literature: (a) a technology behavior perspective and (b) a technology experience perspective. The technology behavior perspective with three subcategories (the “where” of work design, the “when” of work extension, and the “what” of work inattention) explores how individual technology use can be informative for predicting employee well-being and performance. The technology experience perspective theme with two subcategories (the “how” of ICT appraisals and “why” of motives) emphasizes unique psychological (as opposed to behavioral) experiences arising from the technological work context. Based on this review, we outline key challenges of current ICT research perspectives and opportunities for further enhancing our understanding of technological implications for individual workers and organizations.
Forms of ethical dilemmas in industrial-organizational psychology
Authors: Lefkowitz Joel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProfessional ethics has not been a major focus in industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology—in comparison with our study of unethical behavior in organizations. Consequently, we know very little about ethical situations actually faced by I-O psychologists. This article presents and tests a structural perspective on understanding the nature of ethical dilemmas that can facilitate such study. A taxonomy of five paradigmatic forms of ethical dilemmas is defined and placed in a theoretical context. Narrative descriptions of 292 ethical situations were obtained from a sample of 228 professional members of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) in the United States and were used to empirically test the taxonomy. The narratives were content analyzed for form of dilemma, work domain of occurrence, relevance to human resource administration concerns, and favorability of the situation’s resolution. The work domains that were most problematic were academic research/publication activities, individual assessment/assessment centers, consulting issues regarding the client, and academic supervising/mentoring. There were no significant differences as a function of respondents’ sex, seniority, or professional membership status (member/fellow). This relatively “content free” structural aspect of ethical dilemmas enables comparisons across different domains (of professions, organizations, demographic groups, age cohorts, etc.) in which the overt idiosyncratic ethical problems experienced are not commensurable. Similarly, it can yield interpretable longitudinal comparisons despite changes in the manifestations of ethical problems encountered over time.
ON THE BOUNDARY BEHAVIOUR OF FRIDMAN INVARIANTS
Authors: YANG SHICHAO 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe prove that the Fridman invariant defined using the Carathéodory pseudodistance does not always go to 1 near strongly Levi pseudoconvex boundary points and it always goes to 0 near nonpseudoconvex boundary points. We also discuss whether Fridman invariants can be extended continuously to some boundary points of domains constructed by deleting compact subsets from other domains.
Clinical Policies and Procedures for Critical Care Transport during a Respiratory Pandemic
Authors: Leisten David C. , Wheeler Jennifer , Boomhower James , Frakes Michael A. , Denison Todd , Cohen Jason E. , Wilcox Susan R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic of 2020-2021 created unprecedented challenges for clinicians in critical care transport (CCT). These CCT services had to rapidly adjust their clinical approaches to evolving patient demographics, a preponderance of respiratory failure, and transport utilization stratagem. Organizations had to develop and implement new protocols and guidelines in rapid succession, often without the education and training that would have been involved pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These changes were complicated by the need to protect crew members as well as to optimize patient care. Clinical initiatives included developing an awake proning transport protocol and a protocol to transport intubated proned patients. One service developed a protocol for helmet ventilation to minimize aerosolization risks for patients on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). While these clinical protocols were developed specifically for COVID-19, the growth in practice will enhance the care of patients with other causes of respiratory failure. Additionally, these processes will apply to future respiratory epidemics and pandemics.
N2O Production and Consumption Processes in a Salinity‐Impacted Hyporheic Zone
Authors: Jiang Qihao , Jin Guangqiu , Tang Hongwu , Xu Junzeng , Chen Yilin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHyporheic zone plays a key role in the release of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) to the stream water, and the variable‐density flow induced by salinity from stream water can increase the hyporheic exchange flux. However, the nitrogen dynamics in a salinity‐impacted hyporheic zone under different saltwater concentrations still remain unclear. In this study, a numerical model coupling the hyporheic flow, salt transport and nitrogen transformations is proposed to investigate how density gradients affect the N2O production and consumption processes in the streambed. The results show that density gradients between infiltrating saltwater and ambient groundwater create gravitational instabilities that significantly accelerate the downward flow of pore water. Such density gradients enhance the species (e.g., dissolved organic carbon and NO3−) mixing efficiency and increase the reaction area, leading to the formation of N2O fingers and promoting the N2O production‐consumption rate. The variable‐density flow also drags more reactants infiltrating deeper area with longer residence times and increase the frequency of the Damköhler number Da > 1 in the streambed, facilitating the conversion of NO3− to the final product N2 through stepwise denitrification processes. Therefore, the NO3− removal efficiency and N2O yield are increased by 24% and reduced by 3% at low‐density gradients (Δρ/ρf = 7 × 10−4), respectively. The possible implications and applications about the effects of hydrodynamic changes due to the density effect are also presented. However, further biogeochemical experiments and river restoration strategies are needed to validate the results of this study.
Exploring the Model Space of Airborne Electromagnetic Data to Delineate Large‐Scale Structure and Heterogeneity Within an Aquifer System
Authors: Kang S. , Knight R. , Greene T. , Buck C. , Fogg G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAirborne electromagnetic (AEM) data can be inverted to recover models of the electrical resistivity of the subsurface; these, in turn, can be transformed to obtain models of sediment type. AEM data were acquired in Butte and Glenn Counties, California, USA to improve the understanding of the aquifer system. Around 800 line‐kilometers of high‐quality data were acquired, imaging to a depth of ∼300 m. We developed a workflow designed to obtain, from the AEM data, information about the large‐scale structure and heterogeneity of the aquifer system to better understand the vertical connectivity. Using six different inversions incorporating various forms of available information and posterior sampling of the recovered resistivity models, we produced 6,006 resistivity models. These models were transformed to models of sediment type and estimates of percentage of sand/gravel. Exploring the model space, containing the resistivity models and the derived models, allowed us to delineate the large‐scale structure of the aquifer system in a way that captures and communicates the uncertainty in the identified sediment type. The uncertainty increased, as expected, with depth, but also served to indicate, as areas of high uncertainty in sediment type, the location of both large‐scale and small‐scale interfaces between sediment types. A plan view map of the integrated percentage of sand/gravel, when compared to existing hydrographs, revealed the extent of lateral changes in vertical connectivity within the aquifer system throughout the study area.
Micro-scale opto-thermo-mechanical actuation in the dry adhesive regime
Authors: Tang Weiwei , Lyu Wei , Lu Jinsheng , Liu Fengjiang , Wang Jiyong , Yan Wei , Qiu Min 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRealizing optical manipulation of microscopic objects is crucial in the research fields of life science, condensed matter physics, and physical chemistry. In non-liquid environments, this task is commonly regarded as difficult due to strong adhesive surface force (~µN) attached to solid interfaces that makes tiny optical driven force (~pN) insignificant. Here, by recognizing the microscopic interaction mechanism between friction force—the parallel component of surface force on a contact surface—and thermoelastic waves induced by pulsed optical absorption, we establish a general principle enabling the actuation of micro-objects on dry frictional surfaces based on the opto-thermo-mechanical effects. Theoretically, we predict that nanosecond pulsed optical absorption with mW-scale peak power is sufficient to tame µN-scale friction force. Experimentally, we demonstrate the two-dimensional spiral motion of gold plates on micro-fibers driven by nanosecond laser pulses, and reveal the rules of motion control. Our results pave the way for the future development of micro-scale actuators in non-liquid environments.
Fecal filtrate transplantation protects against necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Brunse Anders , Deng Ling , Pan Xiaoyu , Hui Yan , Castro-Mejía Josué L , Kot Witold , Nguyen Duc Ninh , Secher Jan Bojsen-Møller , Nielsen Dennis Sandris , Thymann Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disorder afflicting preterm infants, which is currently unpreventable. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising preventive therapy, but the transfer of pathogenic microbes or toxic compounds raise concern. Removal of bacteria from donor feces by micropore filtering may reduce this risk of bacterial infection, while residual bacteriophages could maintain the NEC-preventive effects. We aimed to assess preclinical efficacy and safety of fecal filtrate transplantation (FFT). Using fecal material from healthy suckling piglets, we compared rectal FMT administration (FMT, n = 16) with cognate FFT by either rectal (FFTr, n = 14) or oro-gastric administration (FFTo, n = 13) and saline (CON, n = 16) in preterm, cesarean-delivered piglets as models for preterm infants. We assessed gut pathology and analyzed mucosal and luminal bacterial and viral composition using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and meta-virome sequencing. Finally, we used isolated ileal mucosa, coupled with RNA-Seq, to gauge the host response to the different treatments. Oro-gastric FFT completely prevented NEC, which was confirmed by microscopy, whereas FMT did not perform better than control. Oro-gastric FFT increased viral diversity and reduced Proteobacteria relative abundance in the ileal mucosa relative to control. An induction of mucosal immunity was observed in response to FMT but not FFT. As preterm infants are extremely vulnerable to infections, rational NEC-preventive strategies need incontestable safety profiles. We show in a clinically relevant animal model that FFT, as opposed to FMT, efficiently prevents NEC without any recognizable side effects.
Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in preadolescent children: A US population-based study
Authors: Lawrence Hannah R. , Burke Taylor A. , Sheehan Ana E. , Pastro Brianna , Levin Rachel Y. , Walsh Rachel F. L. , Bettis Alexandra H. , Liu Richard T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study evaluated sociodemographic and diagnostic predictors of suicidal ideation and attempts in a nationally representative sample of preadolescent youth enrolled in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Rates and predictors of psychiatric treatment utilization among suicidal youth also were examined. Eleven thousand eight hundred and seventy-five 9- and 10-year-old children residing in the United States were assessed. Children and their parents/guardians provided reports of children’s lifetime history of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and psychiatric disorders. Parents also reported on sociodemographic characteristics and mental health service utilization. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate sociodemographic and diagnostic correlates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts among youth with suicidal ideation, and treatment utilization among youth with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Lifetime prevalence rates were 14.33% for suicidal ideation and 1.26% for suicide attempts. Youth who identified as male, a sexual minority, or multiracial had greater odds of suicidal ideation, and sexual minority youth and youth with a low family income had greater odds of suicide attempts. Comorbid psychopathology was associated with higher odds of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. In youth, 34.59% who have suicidal ideation and 54.82% who had attempted suicide received psychiatric treatment. Treatment utilization among suicidal youth was lower among those who identified as female, Black, and Hispanic. Suicidal ideation and attempts among preadolescent children are concerningly high and targeted assessment and preventative efforts are needed, especially for males, racial, ethnic, and sexual minority youth, and those youth experiencing comorbidity.
Efficacy and safety of clozapine in psychotic disorders—a systematic quantitative meta-review
Authors: Wagner Elias , Siafis Spyridon , Fernando Piyumi , Falkai Peter , Honer William G. , Röh Astrid , Siskind Dan , Leucht Stefan , Hasan Alkomiet 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA recent increase in the literature regarding the evidence base for clozapine has made it increasingly difficult for clinicians to judge “best evidence” for clozapine use. As such, we aimed at elucidating the state-of-the-art for clozapine with regard to efficacy, effectiveness, tolerability, and management of clozapine and clozapine-related adverse events in neuropsychiatric disorders. We conducted a systematic PRISMA-conforming quantitative meta-review of available meta-analytic evidence regarding clozapine use. Primary outcome effect sizes were extracted and transformed into relative risk ratios (RR) and standardized mean differences (SMD). The methodological quality of meta-analyses was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 checklist. Of the 112 meta-analyses included in our review, 61 (54.5%) had an overall high methodological quality according to AMSTAR-2. Clozapine appears to have superior effects on positive, negative, and overall symptoms and relapse rates in schizophrenia (treatment-resistant and non-treatment-resistant subpopulations) compared to first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) and to pooled FGAs/second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Despite an unfavorable metabolic and hematological adverse-event profile compared to other antipsychotics, hospitalization, mortality and all-cause discontinuation (ACD) rates of clozapine surprisingly show a pattern of superiority. Our meta-review outlines the superior overall efficacy of clozapine compared to FGAs and most other SGAs in schizophrenia and suggests beneficial efficacy outcomes in bipolar disorder and Parkinson’s disease psychosis (PDP). More clinical studies and subsequent meta-analyses are needed beyond the application of clozapine in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and future studies should be directed into multidimensional clozapine side-effect management to foster evidence and to inform future guidelines.
KLK8 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer via the activation of EMT associated with PAR1
Authors: Hua Qing , Sun Zhirong , Liu Yi , Shen Xuefang , Zhao Weiwei , Zhu Xiaoyan , Xu Pingbo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKallikrein-related peptidase 8 (KLK8) acts as an oncogene or anti-oncogene in various tumours, and the abnormal expression of KLK8 is involved in the carcinogenesis of several tumours. However, the role of KLK8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanism remain largely unclear. In this study, the carcinogenic effect of KLK8 was determined via CCK-8 and colony formation assays in vitro and a xenograft model in nude mice in vivo. The metastasis-promoting effect of KLK8 was investigated with transwell migration and invasion assays and wound-healing assay in vitro and a metastasis model in nude mice in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic experiments were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Herein, we reported that KLK8 had a promotive effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of RKO and SW480 cells. Epithelial−mesenchymal transition (EMT) played an important role in the promotive effects of KLK8 on CRC. In addition, protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) antagonist SCH79797 but not protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) antagonist FSLLRY-NH2 attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of KLK8-upregulated RKO and SW480 cells. PAR-1 antagonist SCH79797 reduced the tumour volume of xenograft model and decreased the metastatic nodules in the livers of metastasis model. Furthermore, SCH79797 could reverse the positive impact of KLK8 on the EMT process in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that KLK8 promoted EMT and CRC progression, and this effect might be, at least partly mediated by PAR1-dependent pathway.
Terahertz response of monolayer and few-layer WTe2 at the nanoscale
Authors: Jing Ran , Shao Yinming , Fei Zaiyao , Lo Chiu Fan Bowen , Vitalone Rocco A. , Ruta Francesco L. , Staunton John , Zheng William J.-C , Mcleod Alexander S. , Sun Zhiyuan , Jiang Bor-yuan , Chen Xinzhong , Fogler Michael M. , Millis Andrew J. , Liu Mengkun , Cobden David H. , Xu Xiaodong , Basov D. N. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTungsten ditelluride (WTe2) is an atomically layered transition metal dichalcogenide whose physical properties change systematically from monolayer to bilayer and few-layer versions. In this report, we use apertureless scattering-type near-field optical microscopy operating at Terahertz (THz) frequencies and cryogenic temperatures to study the distinct THz range electromagnetic responses of mono-, bi- and trilayer WTe2 in the same multi-terraced micro-crystal. THz nano-images of monolayer terraces uncovered weakly insulating behavior that is consistent with transport measurements. The near-field signal on bilayer regions shows moderate metallicity with negligible temperature dependence. Subdiffractional THz imaging data together with theoretical calculations involving thermally activated carriers favor the semimetal scenario with $$\Delta \approx -10\,{{{\rm{meV}}}}$$
Δ
≈
−
10

meV
over the semiconductor scenario for bilayer WTe2. Also, we observed clear metallic behavior of the near-field signal on trilayer regions. Our data are consistent with the existence of surface plasmon polaritons in the THz range confined to trilayer terraces in our specimens. Finally, data for microcrystals up to 12 layers thick reveal how the response of a few-layer WTe2 asymptotically approaches the bulk limit.
Mechanistic insight into the active centers of single/dual-atom Ni/Fe-based oxygen electrocatalysts
Authors: Wan Wenchao , Zhao Yonggui , Wei Shiqian , Triana Carlos A. , Li Jingguo , Arcifa Andrea , Allen Christopher S. , Cao Rui , Patzke Greta R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSingle-atom catalysts with maximum metal utilization efficiency show great potential for sustainable catalytic applications and fundamental mechanistic studies. We here provide a convenient molecular tailoring strategy based on graphitic carbon nitride as support for the rational design of single-site and dual-site single-atom catalysts. Catalysts with single Fe sites exhibit impressive oxygen reduction reaction activity with a half-wave potential of 0.89 V vs. RHE. We find that the single Ni sites are favorable to promote the key structural reconstruction into bridging Ni-O-Fe bonds in dual-site NiFe SAC. Meanwhile, the newly formed Ni-O-Fe bonds create spin channels for electron transfer, resulting in a significant improvement of the oxygen evolution reaction activity with an overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm−2. We further reveal that the water oxidation reaction follows a dual-site pathway through the deprotonation of *OH at both Ni and Fe sites, leading to the formation of bridging O2 atop the Ni-O-Fe sites.
Polymorphic estrogen receptor binding site causes Cd2-dependent sex bias in the susceptibility to autoimmune diseases
Authors: Fernandez Lahore Gonzalo , Förster Michael , Johannesson Martina , Sabatier Pierre , Lönnblom Erik , Aoun Mike , He Yibo , Nandakumar Kutty Selva , Zubarev Roman A. , Holmdahl Rikard 
Published: September 2021

AbstractComplex autoimmune diseases are sexually dimorphic. An interplay between predisposing genetics and sex-related factors probably controls the sex discrepancy in the immune response, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we positionally identify a polymorphic estrogen receptor binding site that regulatesCd2expression, leading to female-specific differences in T cell-dependent mouse models of autoimmunity. Female mice with reduced Cd2 expression have impaired autoreactive T cell responses. T cells lacking Cd2 costimulation upregulate inhibitory Lag-3. These findings help explain sexual dimorphism in human autoimmunity, as we find thatCD2polymorphisms are associated with rheumatoid arthritis and 17-β-estradiol-regulation of CD2 is conserved in human T cells. Hormonal regulation of CD2 might have implications for CD2-targeted therapy, as anti-Cd2 treatment more potently affects T cells in female mice. These results demonstrate the relevance of sex-genotype interactions, providing strong evidence for CD2 as a sex-sensitive predisposing factor in autoimmunity.