bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Fibromyalgia Survey Questionnaire and Quantitative Sensory Testing Among Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Moore Meriah N. , Wallace Beth I. , Song Jing , Muhammad Lutfiyya N. , Heisler Andrew C. , Clauw Daniel J. , Bolster Mary B. , Marder Wendy , Neogi Tuhina , Wohlfahrt Alyssa , Dunlop Dorothy D. , Lee Yvonne C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly demonstrate disordered pain processing, termed pain centralization. Heightened pain sensitivity and pain pathways associated with pain centralization are often assessed using quantitative sensory testing (QST), which is not routinely available and burdensome to patients. The self-administered fibromyalgia survey questionnaire (FSQ) has been proposed as a low-burden, surrogate measure of pain centralization. We examined the correlation between FSQ and QST as measures of pain centralization in a cohort of patients with active RA. MethodsParticipants in the multicenter Central Pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis (CPIRA) cohort underwent FSQ and QST evaluation at enrollment. QST measures included pressure pain threshold (PPT) at the thumb, trapezius, wrist and knee; temporal summation (TS) at the wrist and arm; and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Partial Spearman correlation was assessed between FSQ and each QST measure, adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, serologic status, swollen joint count, C-reactive protein, pain catastrophizing, and study site. We performed sensitivity analyses including a) stratified analysis by sex and b) correlations between the two sub-components of the FSQ (widespread pain index [WPI], and symptom severity scale [SSS]) and QST measures.ResultsAmong 285 participants with high RA disease activity (mean baseline Clinical Disease Activity Index score 24.56), FSQ was weakly but statistically significantly correlated with PPT ( r = -0.21 to -0.31) and TS ( r = 0.13 to 0.15) at all sites in unadjusted analyses. After adjustment, statistically significant correlations persisted for PPT at all sites except the thumb, and for TS at the wrist Sensitivity analyses did not identify differences in association based on sex or with the components of the FSQ (WPI or SSS).ConclusionsFSQ and QST were correlated among participants with active RA, but the strength of association was modest. This may be due to the high level of RA disease activity of the cohort studied. Both QST and the FSQ are likely imperfect singular measures of pain centralization.
Milk Carbon Footprint in Latin American Livestock: effect of dairy system, breed and climate
Authors: Velarde-Guillén José , Arndt Claudia , Gomez Carlos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study reviewed carbon footprint (CF) analyses for milk production in Latin America from cradle to farm gate. The objective was to estimate: (1) the effect of production system (zero-grazing, mixed, and pasture), (2) animal breed (specialized dairy vs. dual-purpose), and (3) climate (tropical vs. temperate) on milk production (kg/cow/day) and CF [kg CO2eq/kg fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM)]. A systematic literature review was conducted, in which 11 studies which estimate 32 individual CF were included in the final analysis. Studies included in the final analysis allowed to calculate CF per kg FPCM, included upstream emissions calculations, and used a Tier 2 approach for enteric methane emissions. The range of the CF observed in the region was of 1.54 to 3.57 kg CO2eq/kg FPCM. The production system had a significant effect on milk production, but not on CF. Zero-grazing compared with pasture systems had a 140% greater milk production (20.1 vs. 8.4 kg of milk/cow/day), but numerically greater CF (70%) for pasture systems. Compared with specialized dairy cattle, dual-purpose breeds produced less milk and higher CF. Compared with temperate climate, tropical climate systems produced less milk and higher CF. In conclusion, in Latin America the breed selection and the climate have more impact in the CF that the dairy production system.
Mucormycosis, COVID-19 and Acute Lymphoid Leukemia: Case Report
Authors: Cordero-Hernández Edgar L. , Martínez-Murillo Carlos , Barranco-Lampón Gilberto , Arias-Castro Itsel , Santoyo-Sánchez Adrián , Ramos-Peñafiel Christian O 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: During the era of COVID-19, an increase has surged in the number of cases of mucormycosis; the use of high doses of steroids, and states of immunosuppression such as diabetes are the main related risk factors. In the treatment of acute leukemia, it is recommended to reduce the dose of chemotherapy, postponing highly myeloablative schemes and the use of caution with monoclonal antibodies. Case presentation: We present the case of a patient (25 years-old male) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and COVID-19 confirmed infection who developed rhino-cerebral mucormycosis during the induction stage. Conclusion: In the age of COVID-19, taking samples through a nasal swab should be avoided in individuals with risk of infection from mucormycosis, such as diabetes, cancer, or individuals treated with high doses of steroids.
Oryza Longistaminata-like Cryptic Species Found in the Mekong Delta Probably Involved in the Origin of O. Rufipogon Indica Ancestor
Authors: Htut Htet Aung , Makabe So , Takahashi Hiroko , Buu Bui Chi , Lang Nguyen Thi , Samuel Poku Aduse , Ishikawa Ryuji , Nakamura Ikuo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOryza sativa L. contains two cultivated subspecies, indica and japonica, which are considered to be derived from wild rice relative, O. rufipogon. Although domestication cinario of O. sativa has been extensively studied, it is still inconclusive and contradictory. Moreover, it remains to be revealed why O. rufipogon had acquired wide range of genetic diversity to fit various habitat and life cycle of plant from annual to perennial.ResultsAlthough O. rufipogon distributes in southeast Asia from Indonesia to India, perennial wild rice strains were distributed in deep-water area of the Mekong Delta in Southern Vietnam. Some of wild rice strains collected in Dong Thap were heterologous in the length of intron 20 sequence of single-copy nuclear PolA1 gene, encoding for the largest subunit of RNA polymerase I. Thus, these wild rice strains were probably considered as interspecific hybrids, because the S-type (0.14 kb) intron 20 was found in O. rufipogon, O. glumaepatula, and O. barthii while L-type (1.5 kb) was shared by O. longistaminata and O. meridionalis. Therefore, we identified two wild rice strains that contained homologous L-type intron 20 of PolA1 gene in the CLRRI collection. These two strains, named as MD1 and MD2, had fertile spikelet with long anthers which were typical feature of African O. longistaminata. In addition, MD1 strain and O. longistaminata shared the same protein tag (Ptag) sequence, which was different to that of O. rufipogon and O. sativa. Interestingly, MD1 strain contained plastid DNA with a 69-bp deletion in ORF100 which was shared with indica and annual O. rufipogon, but not with japonica and perennial O. rufipogon. ConclusionWe have identified that MD strains found in the Mekong Delta were probably O. longistaminata-like cryptic species and contributed to enlarge genetic diversity of O. rufipogon, and is probably involved in the origin of O. rufipogon indica ancestor of as the maternal lineage.
MKL1/PINK1-AS/miR-34a-5p Regulates ALDOA to Affect Aerobic Glycolysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhang Huiming , Dai Zhoutong , Huang You , Liu Hui , Chen Zhen , Wu Yuan , Zhang Tongcun , Liao Xinghua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAldolase A, an important metabolic enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, plays an important role in regulating tumour metabolism. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of ALDOA in hepatocellular carcinoma and its biological role in tumour progression.MethodsBioinformatics analysis, Western Blot and RT-qPCR were performed to detect the relative expression of ALDOA in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines. A loss-of-function approach was used to investigate the biological function of ALDOA. The role of ALDOA on glycolysis and apoptosis was assessed by Western Blot, glucose and lactate assay kits, flow cytometry and a nude mouse xenograft model. RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter experiment, chromatin immunoprecipitation and Western Blot were performed to elucidate the underlying molecular ResultsElevated ALDOA expression correlated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. exogenous downregulation of ALDOA expression significantly inhibited cellular glycolysis and promoted apoptosis. Mechanistic studies suggest that ALDOA is a direct target of miR-34a-5p, which can enhance apoptosis and inhibit glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting the 3'UTR of ALDOA. PINK1-AS competitively sponged miR-34a-5p to increase ALDOA expression by antagonizing miR-34a-5p-mediated ALDOA inhibition. MKL1 acted as a transcription factor to promote the expression of PINK1-AS and ALDOA, thus promoting the deterioration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.ConclusionThis study shows that high expression of ALDOA contributes to the development and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and will be a target and potential prognostic biomarker for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Growth Hormone-Like Activities of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants (Opfrs) in Growth of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: Bai Qian , Wang Haiou , Zhang Wenxiao , Jiang Bokai , Ma Yuqing , Li Yuetong , Shi Hanbo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To identify the toxic effect of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants (OPFRs) on plants, six different OPFRs involved in three concentrations (50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L) were selected to estimate their toxicity to rice growth. The seed germination, seedling growth, OPFRs accumulation and antioxidative defense system were investigated in rice. The results showed that all of OPFRs inhibited the germination of seeds. OPFRs were accumulated in roots and shoots, and the accumulations of OPFRs in roots were higher than in shoots. However, the hormone-like effect of all six OPFRs was found on plants. The growth of seedlings was irrigated by 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L OPFRs in our experiment according to fresh weights and lengths of seedlings. And then malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidative defense system were impressed after OPFRs exposed 21 d. According to gene expressions of seven antioxidative enzymes at 14 d, most of enzyme expressions were updated to alleviated reactive oxygen species (ROS) by OPFRs exposure. Tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) showed the strongest oxidative toxicity to plants among all of OPFRs. During the early 14 d period, the antioxidant enzymes could play important role in detoxification process. And after 21 d, antioxidants ascorbate (AsA) in roots and glutathione (GSH) in shoots could take over antioxidant enzymes against to OPFRs toxicity.
Molluscicidal and Antioxidant Activities of Silver Nanoparticles on the Snail Intermediate Hosts of Schistosomiasis
Authors: Zayed Khaled M. , Guo Yun-Hai , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a disease caused by parasitic worms. This disease is the second important parasitic disease after malaria in terms of its burden of disease. Methods: One of control intervention for schistosomiasis control programme is to perform the mollusciciding to interrupt the transmission through snail intermediate host where the parasites developed from miracidia to cercaria that is the infective stage. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the molluscicding effects after adding nanoparticulate agents in molluscicides. Results: This research field has caused more attention, since silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were characterized by the transmission electron micrographs (TEM) with X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), showed that it’s mostly spherical in shape with average particle size diameters 20nm with high purity of synthesized particles (99.99%) of element was Ag. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the molluscicidal effects of Ag-NPs against the three species of snails, including two species of intermediate snail host of Schistosoma mansoni (Biomphalaria alexandarina and Biomphalria glabrata) and one species of intermediate snail host of S. japonicum (Oncomelania hupensis), and the cercaricidal effects of Ag-NPs against Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. At the same time, their effects on snail’s antioxidant enzymes, e.g. catalase (CAT), glutathione reduced (GSH), nitric oxide (NO) and total antioxidants capacity (TAC), and on freshwater cladoceran (crustacean) Daphnia magna that represent the potential toxicity to other aquatic organisms were observed as well. The results indicated that Ag-NPs had a molluscicidal effect on tested snails with the variation in lethal concentration dose. LC50 of Ag-NPs exposure for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days to B. alexandrina snails was 7.91, 5.69, 3.83 and 1.91 ppm respectively, LC50 for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days exposure to B. glabrata snails was 16.55, 10.44, 6.91 and 4.13 ppm respectively, while LC50 for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days exposure to Oncomelania hupensis snails was 46.5, 29.85, 24.49 and 9.62 ppm respectively. While the cercaricidal effects on S. mansoni cercariae was fast, since the lethal time LT50 and LT90 exposed to Ag-NP with 80 ppm concentration was 27 min and 45 min, respectively; and its 100 ppm exposed was 15min and 41 min, respectively. Moreover, there is no mortality rate to Daphnia magna when exposed to more than double and half dose (50 ppm) of Ag-NPs for continuous 3 hs, of which LC90 to B. alexandarina snails was 18 ppm. Conclusions: The synergistic effect of synthesized Ag-NPs as molluscicidal and cercaricidal was clearly revealed that it’s promising to be effectively used against various intermediate host snails of intestinal schistosomes and reduced it’s a potential antioxidant activity.
Design of Artificial Neural Networks for the Novel Applications of the Sixth Order Singular Nonlinear Pantograph Engineering Model
Authors: Sabir Zulqurnain , Ali Mohamed , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Sadat R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This aim of this study is to design and numerically investigate a novel nonlinear singular sixth order (SSO) pantograph differential system (PDS), i.e., SSO-PDS along with its five categories. The design of the novel nonlinear SSO-PDS is presented using the concepts of the standard Emden-Fowler along with the pantograph differential system. The singular systems are applied in many engineering and mathematical applications, like inverse models and viscoelasticity systems. The shape factor, singular point and pantograph terms are provided for each category of the novel nonlinear SSO-PDS. The numerical investigations of the nonlinear SSO-PDS are presented through the artificial neural networks (ANNs) using the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation (LMB), i.e., ANNs-LMB. The proposed results have been compared with the reference solutions to check the correctness of the designed novel model. The proposed solutions of the novel SSO-PDS are assessed using the training, testing and verification procedures in the form of mean square error (MSE). For the capability, efficacy and accuracy of the novel SSO-PDS through the ANNs, the numerical results are drawn using the MSE, error histograms and regression as well as correlation graphs.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Assistance in Clinical 123I-FP-CIT SPECT Scan Interpretation
Authors: Wolfswinkel Evander van , Wielaard Jette , Lavalaye Jules , Hoff Jorrit , Booij jan , de wit Tim , Habraken Jan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT is used to support the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in clinically uncertain cases. Previous studies showed that automatic classification of 123I‑FP‑CIT SPECT images (marketed as DaTSCAN) is feasible by using machine learning algorithms. However, these studies lacked sizable use of data from routine clinical practice. This study aims to contribute to the discussion whether artificial intelligence (AI) can be applied in clinical practice. Moreover, we investigated the need for hospital specific training data.Methods: A convolutional neural network (CNN) named DaTNet-3 was designed and trained to classify DaTSCAN images as either normal or supportive of a dopaminergic deficit. Both a multi-site data set (n = 2412) from the Parkinson’s Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) and an in-house data set containing clinical images (n = 932) obtained in routine practice at the St Antonius hospital (STA) were used for training and testing. STA images were labeled based on interpretation by nuclear medicine physicians. To investigate whether indeterminate scans effects classification accuracy, a threshold was applied on the output probability.Results: DaTNet-3 trained with STA data reached an accuracy of 89.0% in correctly identifying images of the clinical STA test set as either normal or with decreased striatal DAT binding (98.5% on the PPMI test set). When thresholded, accuracy increased to 95.7%. This increase was not observed when trained with PPMI data, indicating the incorrect images were confidently classified as the incorrect class.Conclusion: Based on results of DaTNet-3 we conclude that automatic interpretation of DaTSCAN images with AI is feasible and robust. Further, we conclude DaTNet-3 performs slightly better when it is trained with hospital specific data. This difference increased when output probability was thresholded. Therefore we conclude that the usability of a data set increases if it contains indeterminate images.
Expression and Localization of C-APP and N-APP in Peripheral Neurons of Rats and Crayfish After Axotomy
Authors: Rodkin Stanislav Vladimirovich , Dzreyan Valentina Aleksandrovna , Khaitin Andrey Mikhailovich , Pitinova Maria Aleksandrovna , Eid Moez Ali , Demyanenko Svetlana Viktorovna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nerve injury induces a cascade of molecular-cellular events, leading to neuronal death or survival, where amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolytic products play an important role. We studied the localization and expression of C-APP and N-APP in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) with transected sciatic nerve, axotomized crayfish stretch receptor neuron (SRN) and ventral nerve cord (VNC) ganglia with transected connectives. C-APP and N-APP localized predominantly in neurons, not in glial cells. Axotomy increased C-APP and N-APP expression in rat and crayfish neurons. The expression of APP in crustaceans confirms its conservative nature. In DRG, C-APP level was higher in neuronal nuclei than in cytoplasm in 24 hours post-axotomy. N-APP accumulation was not observed in DRG and crayfish neuronal nuclei. SRN axotomy resulted in C-APP and N-APP accumulation in 4–8 hours in perikaryon and its extensions, but only С-APP accumulated in nuclei. This indicates that not the whole APP, but its C-terminal product, AICD, enters the nucleus. Also, there was high level of C-APP in SRN nucleolus, suggesting possible AICD involvement in rRNA synthesis and ribosome formation. The APP accumulation in transected axons confirms its involvement in injury-induced axonal events.
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Groundwater in West Zoucheng City, Shandong Province, China
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Jiading , Zhang Fei , Zhou Yaxing , Xia Chunying , Zhang Wenliang , Meng Xianzhou , Meng Jia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The groundwater in the western part of Zoucheng is an important water source for domestic, industrial and agricultural use in Zoucheng. Understanding its hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism is of great significance to the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater. In this study, 36 water samples were collected during wet and dry seasons, and the hydrochemical components K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, NO3-, F-, TH and TDS were analyzed. Graphic method, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were applied to explore the hydrochemical characteristics and evolution mechanism of groundwater in the study area. The results show that: (1) The orders of the anion and cation concentrations of karst groundwater and pore groundwater are Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+ and HCO3->SO42->Cl->NO3->F-. (2) On the whole, the water quality from different sources follows a specific order: karst groundwater > pore groundwater > surface water; also, water quality in the dry season is better than that in the wet season from all three sources. (3) The water chemistry types of groundwater are complex and changeable. Compared with dry seasons, HCO3 and SO4 type water increases in wet seasons, while the Cl type and Mg type water decreases. Na type in pore groundwater is significantly more than that in karst groundwater. (4) The chemical formation of karst groundwater and pore groundwater in dry and wet seasons are mainly affected by water-rock interactions and human activities.
Externalising Behaviour in Children: An Integrative Model Between Health and Education
Authors: Rungan Santuri , Montgomery Alicia , Smith-Merry Jennifer , Liu Huei Ming , Eastwood John 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Externalising behaviours are the most common mental health disorder of childhood and adolescence. They are defined as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD). CD is associated with high societal and economic burden. Yudi Gunyi School caters for students aged 10-16 years with problematic externalising behaviour. A multidisciplinary health assessment has been developed. This evaluation aimed to see if this model of care improved the outcomes for children with externalising behaviour.Methods: A retrospective evaluation of all students attending the health assessment between 26 July 2016 and 14 May 2019 using de-identified data was conducted. Descriptive statistics (proportion, mean, SD, and range) were used. A student’s t-test was used to assess change in SDQ scores.Results: Prior to the assessment 22.8% had a paediatrician but 33.3% were not engaged with the paediatrician. Similarly, mental health services were involved in 27.8% but 18.2% were not engaged. Child protection services had previous involvement with 43% and current involvement with 32.9%.Attendance was high (failure to attend 7.6%; cancellation 8.9%). New diagnoses of ADHD (3.8%), autism (1.3%), CD (1.3%) and ODD (1.3%) were made. Other issues identified included learning difficulties (12.7%), medical diagnoses (10.1%), emotional concerns (16.5%), domestic violence (12.7%), OOHC (7.6%), trauma background (27.8%), the death/loss of a close relative/friend (8.9%), parental separation (31.6%) and substance use (19%). SDQ teacher reports showed a statistically significant decrease in total difficulties scores (M = 6.2, SD = 6.165, p < 0.05, eta squared = 1.013 (large effect)) and all subsets including behavioural/conduct difficulties (M = 1.8, SD = 2.4, p <0.05, eta squared = 0.741 (medium effect)), hyperactivity and concentration difficulties (M = 2.8, SD = 2.4, p <0.05, eta squared 1.15 (large effect)) and impact scores (M = 1.636, SD = 1.8, P <0.05, eta squared = 0.909 (large effect)).There were no significant differences in the parent and self-reported SDQs. Conclusions: The multidisciplinary model between health and education offered mechanisms to reduce barriers to care for children experiencing externalising behaviours.