bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palaeoarchaean TTGs of the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cratons compared; an early Vaalbara supercraton evaluated
Authors: Gardiner N.J. , Mulder J.A. , Kirkland C.L. , Johnson T.E. , Nebel O. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe continental crust that dominates Earth’s oldest cratons comprises Eoarchaean to Palaeoarchaean (4.0 to 3.2 Ga) felsic intrusive rocks of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series. These are found either within high-grade gneiss terranes, which represent Archaean mid-continental crust, or low-grade granite-greenstone belts, which represent relic Archaean upper continental crust. The Palaeoarchaean East Pilbara Terrane (EPT), Pilbara Craton, Western Australia, and the Barberton Granite-Greenstone Belt (BGGB), Kaapvaal Craton, southern Africa, are two of the best exposed granite-greenstone belts. Their striking geological similarities has led to the postulated existence of Vaalbara, a Neoarchaean-Palaeoproterozoic supercraton. Although their respective TTG domes have been compared in terms of a common petrogenetic origin reflecting a volcanic plateau setting, there are important differences in their age, geochemistry, and isotopic profiles. We present new zircon Hf isotope data from five granite domes of the EPT and compare the geochemical and isotopic record of the Palaeoarchaean TTGs from both cratons. Rare &gt;3.5 Ga EPT evolved rocks have juvenile εHf(t) requiring a chondritic source. In contrast, younger TTG domes developed via 3.5 to 3.4 and 3.3 to 3.2 Ga magmatic supersuites with a greater range of εHf(t) towards more depleted and enriched values, trace element signatures requiring an enriched source, and xenocrystic zircons that reflects a mixed source to the TTGs, which variously assimilates packages of older felsic crust and a more juvenile mafic source. EPT TTG domes are composite and record multiple pulses of magmatism. In comparison, BGGB TTGs are less geochemically enriched than those of the EPT and have different age profiles, hosting coeval magmatic units. Hafnium isotopes suggest a predominantly juvenile source to 3.2 Ga northern Barberton TTGs, limited assimilation of older evolved crust in 3.4 Ga southern Barberton TTGs, but significant assimilation of older (Hadean-Eoarchaean) crust in the ca. 3.6 Ga TTGs of the Ancient Gneiss Complex. The foundation of the EPT is younger than that for the oldest components of the Eastern Kaapvaal. Although the broader prevailing Palaeoarchaean geologic framework in which these two cratons formed may reflect similar a geodynamic regime, the superficial similarities in dome structures and stratigraphy of both cratonic terranes is not reflected in their geochemical and age profiles. Both the similarities and the differences between the crustal histories of the two cratons highlights that they are formed from distinct terranes with different ages and individual evolutionary histories. Vaalbara sensu lato represents typical Palaeoarchaean cratonic crust, not in the sense of a single homogeneous craton, but one as diverse as the continents are today.
Petrogenesis of Archaean granites in the Barberton region of South Africa as a guide to early crustal evolution
Authors: Robb L.J. , Meyer F.M. , Hawkesworth C.J. , Gardiner N.J. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Barberton region of South Africa is characterized by a broad variety of granite types that range in age from ca. 3.5 Ga to 2.7 Ga and reflect the processes involved in the formation of Archaean continental crust on the Kaapvaal Craton. These granites are subdivided into three groups, as follows:
A tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suite diapirically emplaced at 3 450 Ma and 3 250 Ma into pre-existing metamorphosed greenstone belt material. TTG melts were derived from melting amphibolite in the lower crust, with individual plutons being emplaced at various crustal levels. The dome-and-keel geometry that characterizes the TTG-greenstone dominated crust at this time is inconsistent with a plate tectonic domain and reworking was likely controlled by gravity inversion or ‘sagduction’;
Regionally extensive potassic batholiths (the GMS suite) were emplaced at 3 110 Ma during a period of crustal thickening and melting of a TTG-dominated lower crust. Subsequent to emplacement of the voluminous GMS granites, the thickened continental crust had stabilized sufficiently for large sedimentary basins to form;
Late granite plutons were emplaced along two distinct linear and sub-parallel arrays close to what might have been the edge of a Kaapvaal continent at 2 800 to 2 700 Ma. They are subdivided into high-Ca and low-Ca granites that resemble the I- and S-type granites of younger orogenic episodes. The high-Ca granites are consistent with derivation from older granitoids in the lower crust, whereas the low-Ca granites may have been derived by melting metasedimentary precursors in the lower-mid crust. Granites with similar characteristics are associated with a subduction zone in younger terranes, although the recognition of such a feature at Barberton remains unclear.
The petrogenesis of granites in the Barberton region between 3.5 Ga and 2.7 Ga provides a record of the processes of Archaean crustal evolution and contributes to discussions related to the onset of plate tectonics.
Copper/nickel-Decorated Olive Pit Biochar: One Pot Solid State Synthesis for Environmental Remediation
Authors: Khalil Ahmed M. , Michely Laurent , Pires Rémy , Bastide Stéphane , Ammar Souad , Jaziri Mohamed , Chehimi Mohamed 
Published: April 2021

Olive pit powder particles were impregnated with copper and nickel nitrates and pyrolyzed at 400 °C. The resulting material consists of bimetallic CuNi-decorated biochar. CuNi nanocatalysts were found to be as small as 10 nm and very well dispersed over biochar. XRD results evidenced zero valent copper and nickel and formation of copper-nickel solid solutions.The biochar@CuNi was found to be efficient catalyst of the reduction of methyl orange (MO) dye, taken as model pollutant. To sum up, the one pot method devised in this work provided unique CuNi-decorated biochar and opens new horizons for the emerging topic of biochar-supported nanocatalysts.
Being a teacher of the nursing course in remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic / Ser docente do curso de enfermagem em trabalho remoto durante a pandemia da COVID-19 / Ser docente del curso de enfermería en trabajo a distancia durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Santiago Ribeiro Beatriz Maria dos Santos , Dalri Rita de Cassia de Marchi Barcellos , Martins Débora Cristina 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de ser docente no curso de enfermagem em trabalho remoto durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Trata-se de um relato da experiência vivenciada por uma docente no primeiro semestre de 2020, ao ministrar a disciplina intitulada Saúde Ocupacional na modalidade de ensino à distância para um curso de graduação em Enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior em uma cidade no Sul do Brasil. Resultados: A partir da experiência vivenciada e da revisão de literatura realizada, identificou-se que as adaptações para o trabalho remoto no contexto de educação podem levar ao sofrimento emocional tanto a partir das vivências de isolamento e distanciamento social, como em função da sobrecarga de trabalho derivada da necessidade de manter as atividades laborais em regime de trabalho remoto. Conclusão: Esse estudo evidenciou desafios a serem enfrentados pelos docentes durante a pandemia, tais como a realização de aulas utilizando-se do trabalho remoto, gerando assim estresse emocional devido à falta de preparo para o mesmo e às dificuldades evidenciadas pelos discentes. Descritores: Estudantes de Enfermagem. Docentes de Enfermagem. Educação a Distância. Infecções por coronavírus.
DISCRIMINATION OF VARIETAL GROUPS AND HYBRIDS OF COFFEA CANEPHORA SPECIES USING MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
Authors: OLIVEIRA Gabriela França , MIRANDA Taiana Lopes Rangel , NASCIMENTO Ana Carolina Campana , NASCIMENTO Moysés , CAIXETA Eveline Teixeira , SILVA Letícia de Faria , ALKIMIM Emilly Ruas , SILVA Felipe Lopes da 
Published: April 2021

Coffee growing is one of the most important agricultural activities in the world market. Among the commercially relevant species, there is Coffea canephora,which can be divided into the varietal groups Conilon and Robusta. These varietal groups have complementary agronomic interests. Because of this, hybrids are obtained through the crosses between these groups. Given the difficulty in differentiating between two varietal groups genotypes in the field, the correct discrimination is essential for the definition of crosses in breeding programs. In this context, the objective was to apply a discriminant analysis (DA) to define functions to differentiate between varietal groups and hybrids of canephora, as well as to identify the most relevant phenotypic traits in these functions. Data from 165 genotypes from the Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural e do Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza were used for which different plant traits were measured. The quadratic DA applied was the one with the best performance for genotype discrimination, with an average apparent error rate of 0.0333. Cercosporiose incidence, rust incidence and vegetative vigor were the most important traits in the varietal groups' discrimination.
Macroeconomic Instabilities and Cost-Recovery Potentials of Public Sector Organisations
Authors: Sanga Samwel Alananga 
Published: April 2021

The 2008 financial crisis aroused concerns over the performance of public sector organisations operating under different cost recovery regimes. These concerns were linked to potential failure in attaining cost recovery targets as a result of declining revenues during economic downturn. Using LME models on data from the World Bank website and from six Land Administration Organisations (LAOs), it is established that a global financial crisis that is associated with declining GDP and higher inflation rate can insignificantly reduce the level of cost recovery for LAOs while persistent decline in GDP growth rate significantly eliminate potentials for cost recovery. However prospects for recovery can be traced within the cost-revenue microstructures of LAOs themselves. With a significantly negative relationship between spending in information and technology as a ratio of GDP to the degree of cost recovery, LAOs need only to eliminate rigidities in their cost-revenue structure which tie them to macro-instabilities of the real estate market. Such flexibility can be attained through elastic cross-substitution in the LAO’s gross cost-revenues schedules for registration tasks in favour of information delivery tasks.
SIMETRISASI BENTUK KANONIK JORDAN
Authors: Darlena Darlena , Suparwanto Ari 
Published: April 2021

If the characteristic polynomial of a linear operator is completely factored in scalar field of then Jordan canonical form of can be converted to its rational canonical form of , and vice versa. If the characteristic polynomial of linear operator is not completely factored in the scalar field of ,then the rational canonical form of can still be obtained but not its Jordan canonical form matrix . In this case, the rational canonical form of can be converted to its Jordan canonical form by extending the scalar field of to Splitting Field of minimal polynomial of , thus forming the Jordan canonical form of over Splitting Field of . Conversely, converting the Jordan canonical form of over Splitting Field of to its rational canonical form uses symmetrization on the Jordan decomposition basis of so as to form a cyclic decomposition basis of which is then used to form the rational canonical matrix of
Jaka pedagogika krytyczna jest (nie)możliwa w Polsce i dlaczego? (Esej metakrytyczny z Henrym A. Giroux w tle)
Authors: Witkowski Lech 
Published: April 2021

The text undertakes the problematics situated between modernity and tradition regarding the reception of H.A. Giroux’s works in Poland, in a view of furthering the study of pedagogy and educational praxis. First, the author outlines the beginnings of openness towards critical pedagogy. What is underscored here is the 1980s’ main inspiration drawn from the resistance paradigm. Then, the author proceeds to the current state of Giroux’s reception in Poland. He illustrates differences among particular examples and levels of the said reception of Giroux’s pedagogy and of the scholar’s theoretical background. The emphasized disputes pertain especially to transcending metaphysics and relativism as a challenge faced by hermeneutical criticism and critical hermeneutics. Additionally, the “critical” horizon of the main handbook of pedagogy used in Polish universities is discussed. The author point to the wasteful efforts at instigating the breakthrough in the reception of critical pedagogy and he exemplifies them by an instance of misbegotten analysis of the allegedly delayed critical pedagogy of work. As a particularly positive example the author presents a new effort at developing critical hermeneutics (and radical praxis) for pedagogy by Andrzej Wierciński. In the concluding part written “in lieuof conclusions,” four lists of critical problems’ dislocations are provided; the problems are both convergent and related to one another, thereby redefining current research objectives and pertain to practical applications in educational praxis.
A Within-host Tuberculosis Model Using Optimal Control
Authors: Adi Yudi Ari 
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we studied a mathematical model of tuberculosis with vaccination for the treatment of tuberculosis. We considered an in-host tuberculosis model that described the interaction between Macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and investigated the effect of vaccination treatments on uninfected macrophages. Optimal control is applied to show the optimal vaccination and effective strategies to control the disease. The optimal control formula is obtained using the Hamiltonian function and Pontryagin's maximum principle. Finally, we perform numerical simulations to support the analytical results. The results suggest that control or vaccination is required if the maximal transmission of infection rate at which macrophages became infected is large. In this paper, we studied a mathematical model of tuberculosis with vaccination for the treatment of tuberculosis.We considered an in-host tuberculosis model that described the interaction between macrophages Macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and investigated the effect of vaccination treatments on uninfected macrophages. Optimal controlis applied to show the optimal vaccination and effective strategies to control the disease. The optimal control formula isobtained using the Hamiltonian function and Pontryagin's maximum principle. Finally, we perform numerical simulations to support the analytical results.The results suggest thatcontrol or vaccination is required if the maximal transmission of infection rate at which macrophages became infected is large.
Targeting IL-17alpha to promote anti-PD-1 therapy effect by screening the tumor immune microenvironment in a mouse oral carcinogenesis model
Authors: Wang Shan , Yu Xiaorong , Li Fang , Fan Haixia , Zhao Eryang , Hu Zheng 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Resistance to PD-1 blocking agents is not uncommon, limiting their wide clinical success. Certain tumor-infiltrating immune cells (e.g., TILs/CTLs) have emerged as biomarkers of response, and absence of such immune cells contributes to resistance. OBJECTIVE: We deconvoluted the dynamic immune microenvironment in a mouse model of oral carcinogenesis for augmenting the resistance to PD-1 blocking agents by combination. METHODS: Bioinformatics methods and routine biological experiments were adopted such as morphological analysis and ELISA in the 4NQO-treated mice model. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that dysplastic tongue tissues from 4NQO-treated mice were characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Tongue tissues from mice treated with 4NQO for 12 weeks had higher levels of Th2 cells and Tregs compared to tissues taken from control mice or mice treated with 4NQO for 28 weeks; these results suggested a potential therapeutic benefit of anti-PD-1 in the oral cancer. The IL-17 pathway was significantly upregulated during progression from normal mucosa to hyperplasia and tumor formation in mice. Inhibition of IL-17α combined with PD-1 blockade delayed the development of 4NQO-induced precancerous and cancerous lesions and prolonged the survival of 4NQO-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested a strong rationale of IL-17α blockade as a potential approach to augment the tumor-eliminating effects of anti-PD-1 therapy.
THE TRIAD SYNDROME OF PRUNE-BELLY: AN AGONY TO PARENTS AND MEDICAL FRATERNITY
Authors: Avir Sarkar  , JC Sharma  , Inderkant Jha  , Basanti Mazumdar  
Published: April 2021

Being a rare clinical syndrome, Prune-Belly is a congenitally acquired disorder with a broad spectrum of abnormalities, ranging from incompatibility with life to ageing normally and having children of their own. This case series reports 2 different cases of Prune-Belly Syndrome being diagnosed in a short time frame from the same hospital with varied presentations. It also critically highlights the role of interprofessional team in managing with this complex condition.
Keywords: Prune-Belly, syndromic triad, multidisciplinary team approach
Viabilidade financeira de sistemas agroflorestais biodiversos no Centro Oeste Brasileiro
Authors: Garcia Leila Tatiana , Paulus Landi Arami Rosato , Fernandes Shaline Séfara Lopes , Arco-Verde Marcelo Francia , Padovan Milton Parron , Pereira Zefa Valdivina 
Published: April 2021

Os sistemas agroflorestais biodiversos (SAF’s) combinam espécies arbóreas frutíferas ou lenhosas, com culturas agrícolas e/ou criação de animais, em uma mesma área. Para o agricultor que o detém, esses sistemas trazem melhoria da qualidade de vida econômica, social e ambiental, pois proporcionam formas sustentáveis de produção de alimentos, segurança alimentar, além da preservação ambiental. O estudo apresenta a análise de viabilidade financeira de dois modelos de sistemas agroflorestais implantados no município de Dourados, MS. A pesquisa objetivou fornecer subsídios aos agricultores familiares para a implementação de SAF’s. As culturas de interesse econômico selecionadas para composição dos SAF’s implantados foram: SAF1- café, abacaxi, milho, feijão; SAF2 – palmito de pupunha, banana, abacaxi, milho, feijão, além de nove espécies arbóreas para ambos os SAF’s: acerola, graviola, goiaba, pitanga, aroeira, guaritá, ipê, canafístula e peito de pombo, cada SAF’s contou com um hectare. Para planejamento e elaboração dos sistemas, foi utilizada a planilha AmazonSAF, onde foram inseridos dados de receitas e despesas, que refletem a realidade da agricultura familiar, verificando a rentabilidade ao longo de 20 anos. Ambos os SAF’s apresentaram condições de viabilidade financeira, pois o Valor Presente Líquido do SAF 1 foi de R$ 11.018,24 e do SAF 2 foi de R$ 40.377,04. Este último se apresentou ligeiramente como o mais rentável, já que sua relação Benefício/Custo foi de 1,2 e o payback 9 anos, diferente do SAF 1, cuja RB/C foi de 1,1 e payback de 10 anos. A viabilidade financeira, tanto do SAF 1, com café como cultura principal, quanto do SAF 2, com palmito de pupunha e banana, foi confirmada, de forma a garantir ao produtor rural que, se bem planejados e acompanhados, estes sistemas demonstraram boas condições para produção de alimentos e geração de renda. Além disso, se tornam soluções possíveis para uma agricultura sustentável, valorizando e utilizando sabiamente os recursos naturais.
Efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 e suas repercussões no desenvolvimento infantil: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Ana Claudia Pinto da , Danzmann Pâmela Schultz , Neis Luana Paula Haubold , Dotto Ediléia Rejane , Abaid Josiane Lieberknecht Wathier 
Published: April 2021

A pandemia pode ter afetado a saúde mental e impactado na rotina das crianças do mundo inteiro. Este estudo objetiva compreender como as crianças estão vivenciando os impactos da pandemia e as suas repercussões no desenvolvimento infantil. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura nacional e internacional. A pesquisa foi realizada nos meses de março e abril do ano de 2020, nas bases de dados Pepsic, Scielo e Google Acadêmico. A amostra final foi composta por 12 estudos, estes foram agrupados em quatro categorias temáticas: (1) Tecnologia e saúde mental envolvendo as crianças durante a pandemia da COVID-19; (2) A importância dos pais falarem sobre o processo de morte e morrer com os filhos; (3) A violência infantil no contexto da COVID-19 e (4) Informações para manter a saúde mental das crianças. Verificou-se uso exacerbado das tecnologias, dificuldades dos cuidadores em dialogar com os filhos sobre o processo de morte, bem como aumento de problemas de comportamento, da violência infantil em crianças. Conclui-se que há necessidade de intervenções preventivas que ampliem as estratégias de enfrentamento dos cuidadores de crianças, para minimizar os prejuízos na saúde mental dos pequenos e do grupo familiar durante ou após a pandemia.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Second-and First-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents in Patients With Chronic Total Occlusion Lesion: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Qiao Xuan , Zhang Wen-Jiao , Guo Wen-Fen , Li Yan , Liang Xi-Ying , Wang Zhi-Lu 
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: The second-generation drug-eluting stents have been used to treat chronic total occlusion lesion. However, there is limited evidence of the clinical outcomes that whether the second-generation drug-eluting stents is superior to first-generation ones in patients with chronic total occlusion lesion undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The study aimed to compare the differences in clinical outcomes between the two generations drug-eluting stents in patients with those by a meta-analysis.Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library and Web of science databases were systemically searched before March, 2021. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies were included to compare the second-generation drug-eluting stents with the first-generation ones in patients with chronic total occlusion lesion undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The clinical outcomes were major adverse cardiac events (MACE), target vessel revascularization, myocardial infarction, all-cause death. Fixed effects models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each clinical outcome. Sensitivity analysis was performed to detect potential sources of heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were used to assess the differential effects.Results: The meta-analysis included eight studies involving 4,583 patients with chronic total occlusion lesion undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Pooled analysis showed that the incidence of MACE (OR = 0.68, 95%CI 0.54–0.85, P = 0.0008), target vessel revascularization (OR = 0.70, 95%CI 0.54–0.91, P = 0.007), and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.58, 95%CI 0.37–0.93, P = 0.02) were lower in the second-generation drug-eluting stents compared with the first-generation ones. However, there was not difference in all-cause deaths between two drug-eluting stents (OR = 0.67, 95%CI 0.45–1.01, P = 0.05).Conclusions: The second-generation drug-eluting stents are associated with lower MACE, target vessel revascularization, and myocardial infarction compared with the first-generation ones in patients with chronic total occlusion lesion undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The results of this study can provide a reference for the selection of stents in patients with chronic total occlusion lesion. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to verify that the second-generation drug-eluting stents is superior to the first-generation ones in patients with chronic total occlusion (Registered by PROSPERO, CRD42020158406).