bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scara3 regulates bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell fate switch between osteoblasts and adipocytes by promoting Foxo1
Authors: Chen Peng , Hu Biao , Xie Ling‐Qi , Jiang Tie‐Jian , Xia Zhu‐Ying , Peng Hui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesScavenger receptor class A, member 3 (Scara3) was involved in adipogenesis. However, the effect of Scara3 on the switch between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remains elusive.Materials and MethodsThe correlations between SCARA3 with the osteogenic‐related were analysed based on the GTEx database. The effects of Scara3 on osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated by qPCR, Western blot (WB) and cell staining. The mechanisms of Scara3 regulating Foxo1 and autophagy were validated by co‐expression analysis, WB and immunofluorescence. In vivo, Scara3 adeno‐associated virus was injected into intra‐bone marrow of the aged mice and ovariectomized (OVX) mice whose phenotypes were confirmed by micro‐CT, calcein double labelling and immunochemistry (HE and OCN staining).ResultsSCARA3 was positively correlated with osteogenic‐related genes. Scara3 expression gradually decreased during adipogenesis but increased during osteogenesis. Moreover, the deletion of Scara3 favoured adipogenesis over osteogenesis, whereas overexpression of Scara3 significantly enhanced the osteogenesis at the expense of adipogenesis. Mechanistically, Scara3 controlled the cell fate by promoting Foxo1 expression and autophagy flux. In vivo, Scara3 promoted bone formation and reduced bone marrow fat accumulation in OVX mice. In the aged mice, Scara3 overexpression alleviated bone loss as well.ConclusionsThis study suggested that Scara3 regulated the switch between adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation, which represented a potential therapeutic target for bone loss and osteoporosis.
A retrospective multi‐center experience of renal transplants from India during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jha Pranaw Kumar , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Siddini Vishwanath , Bansal Shyam Bihari , Sharma Reetesh , Anandh Urmila , Jeloka Tarun , Reddy Sreedhar , Pokhariyal Saurabh , Nandwani Ashish , Jain Salil , Saxena Vishal , Sethi Sidharth Kumar , Bansal Dinesh , Jain Manish , Sodhi Puneet , Gadde Ashwini , Augustine Rohan , Zafar Feroz Amir , Ghosh Prasun , Tiwari Aseem Kumar , Ahlawat Rajesh , Kher Vijay 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic led to a sudden drop in renal transplant numbers across India in the initial months of 2020. Although the transplant numbers increased with easing of lockdown, the outcome of these transplants remains unknown.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational, multi‐center study done across eight different transplant centers in India. All the transplants done from January 30, 2020 to December 31, 2020 were included. The primary outcomes studied were patient and death censored graft survival as well as incidence of COVID‐19 infection and its outcomes.ResultsDuring the study period a total of 297 kidney transplants were done. After a median follow up of 265 days the patient and death censored graft survival was 95.3% and 97.6%, respectively. Forty‐one patients (13.8%) developed COVID‐19 post‐transplant. Majority (58.5%) were asymptomatic to mildly symptomatic and the case fatality ratio was 14.6%. On multivariable logistic regression analysis older age was associated with higher likelihood of COVID‐19 infection (odds ratio 1.038; CI 1.002–1.077).ConclusionsPatient and graft outcome of kidney transplants done during the COVID‐19 pandemic in India was acceptable. The incidence of COVID‐19 was 13.8% with a high case fatality ratio.
Validation of non‐formal and informal learning: The hero with a thousand faces?
Authors: Villalba‐García Ernesto 
Published: July 2021

AbstractValidation of non‐formal and informal learning has been gaining political momentum in Europe within the implementation of lifelong learning policies since the early 2000s. Policy documents claim a variety of education, socio‐political and economic benefits from the implementation of validation, making validation a hero for lifelong learning. This article discusses the concept of validation of non‐formal and informal learning and provides an overview of the different faces and interpretations of validation. Starting with the terminology, the article discusses related terms such as recognition, prior learning, assessment, accreditation or certification and their different connotations. Principles and aspects that characterise the current use of validation as a policy priority in Europe are presented. The article highlights the major themes on validation and their implications for policy and research.
Lymphoid malignancy in common variable immunodeficiency in a single‐center cohort
Authors: Smith Tukisa , Cunningham‐Rundles Charlotte 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOne of the complications of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the development of lymphoid malignancy. In this retrospective, single‐center study of 647 CVID subjects followed over 4 decades, we present immunologic and clinical phenotypes, pathology, treatment, and outcomes of 45 patients (15 males and 30 females, 7%) who developed 49 lymphoid malignancies. The mean age at CVID diagnosis was 42.6 years) and at lymphoma diagnosis was 48.8 years. Of the 41 with known follow up, 29 (70%) have died, 27 of these due to this diagnosis. Twelve are alive, in remission or have achieved cure; four others were alive at last encounter. Some patients had a history of only recurrent infections (36.3%); others had autoimmunity (33%), enteropathy (20%), and/or granulomatous disease (11%). Six had previously been treated for another cancer. This report also includes 6 additional living CVID patients who had been diagnosed with NHL; 4 were given treatment for this. However, on pathology review, the initial diagnosis was reversed, as the findings were more consistent with a benign lymphoproliferative process. This study outlines the high incidence of lymphoma in this single CVID cohort, and some of the diagnostic challenges presented due to immune dysregulation characteristic of this immune defect.
Sustainable futures over the next decade are rooted in soil science
Authors: Evans Daniel L. , Janes‐Bassett Victoria , Borrelli Pasquale , Chenu Claire , Ferreira Carla S. S. , Griffiths Robert I. , Kalantari Zahra , Keesstra Saskia , Lal Rattan , Panagos Panos , Robinson David A. , Seifollahi‐Aghmiuni Samaneh , Smith Pete , Steenhuis Tammo S. , Thomas Amy , Visser Saskia M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe importance of soils to society has gained increasing recognition over the past decade, with the potential to contribute to most of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With unprecedented and growing demands for food, water and energy, there is an urgent need for a global effort to address the challenges of climate change and land degradation, whilst protecting soil as a natural resource. In this paper, we identify the contribution of soil science over the past decade to addressing gaps in our knowledge regarding major environmental challenges: climate change, food security, water security, urban development, and ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Continuing to address knowledge gaps in soil science is essential for the achievement of the SDGs. However, with limited time and budget, it is also pertinent to identify effective methods of working that ensure the research carried out leads to real‐world impact. Here, we suggest three strategies for the next decade of soil science, comprising a greater implementation of research into policy, interdisciplinary partnerships to evaluate function trade‐offs and synergies between soils and other environmental domains, and integrating monitoring and modelling methods to ensure soil‐based policies can withstand the uncertainties of the future.Highlights
We highlight the contributions of soil science to five major environmental challenges since 2010.
Researchers have contributed to recommendation reports, but work is rarely translated into policy.
Interdisciplinary work should assess trade‐offs and synergies between soils and other domains.
Integrating monitoring and modelling is key for robust and sustainable soils‐based policymaking.
Self‐compassion mediates the link between attachment security and intimate relationship quality for couples navigating pregnancy
Authors: Huynh Tuyen , Phillips Eric , Brock Rebecca L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMillions of couples navigate the transition from pregnancy to postpartum in a given year, and this period of change and adjustment in the family is associated with elevated risk for intimate relationship dysfunction. Self‐compassion has the potential to promote skills that are essential for healthy adaptation (e.g., emotion regulation, greater openness and flexibility, and more awareness of the needs of oneself and one's partner). The overarching goal of the present study was to investigate the role of self‐compassion in intimate relationship quality during pregnancy. A sample of 159 couples completed semi‐structured interviews and questionnaires. Parents engaging in more compassionate self‐responding during pregnancy have higher‐quality intimate relationships as measured across multiple facets—the degree of emotional intimacy and closeness in the relationship, adaptive conflict management and resolution, high‐quality support in response to stress, and a high degree of respect and acceptance directed toward each other. Furthermore, compassionate self‐responding emerged as a mediator of the link between attachment security and intimate relationship quality. Specifically, mothers who were higher in attachment anxiety reported lower levels of compassionate self‐responding, which in turn undermined multiple dimensions of the intimate relationship. Furthermore, fathers who were higher in attachment avoidance practiced less self‐compassion, which have deleterious consequences for the couple. These results provide implications that can inform conceptual frameworks of intimate relationship quality and clinical implications for interventions targeting the transition into parenthood.
The effect of autumn closing date on over winter tissue turnover in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) swards
Authors: Looney Caitlin , Hennessy Deirdre , Wingler Astrid , Egan Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAutumn closing date (CD) in intensive pasture‐based systems influences spring herbage availability. Little is known about the impact of earlier closing of swards in autumn on sward structure. A two‐year experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of five CD on herbage production, leaf extension rate (LER), leaf senescence rates (LSR), sward free leaf lamina (FLL) content and the production and survival of tillers over winter and into spring. The five CD ranges were October 1–15 (CD1), October 16–30 (CD2), October 31––November 14 (CD3), November 15–29 (CD4), November 30–December 14 (CD5) and sward measurements were made on four measurement dates (MD): December 11 (MD1), January 6 (MD2), January 27 (MD3) and prior to spring defoliation (MD4). Thirty perennial ryegrass tillers were measured until the first defoliation in spring (average 1 March). Herbage mass was greatest in early CD and tillers had greater LER and LSR (4.6 and 4.5 mm tiller−1 day−1 respectively) compared to swards with a later CD (3.2 and 2.3 mm tiller−1 day−1 respectively). Early CD had greater parent and daughter tiller mortality than later CD (parent tiller mortality 1.1 and 0.3 ± 0.19 tillers; daughter tiller mortality 1.1 and 0.3 ± 0.27 tillers respectively). Early CD also had greater LER and LSR in daughter tillers (2.6 and 1.5 mm tiller−1 day−1, respectively) compared to late (1.5 and 0.5 mm tiller−1 day−1, respectively). Earlier closing of sward increased herbage mass in spring, however, there were negative implications, such as increased LSR and tiller mortality.
Symptomatic migraine: A systematic review to establish a clinically important diagnostic entity
Authors: Thomsen Andreas Vinther , Sørensen Morten Togo , Ashina Messoud , Hougaard Anders 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if a clinical presentation indistinguishable from migraine can occur due to an underlying condition or pathology, that is, "symptomatic migraine."BackgroundIt is currently not clear whether migraine truly can be caused by an underlying condition or pathology. Characterization of the etiology and clinical features of possible symptomatic migraine is of significant clinical importance and further may help elucidate the pathophysiology of migraine.MethodsWe devised operational diagnostic criteria for “symptomatic migraine” and “possible symptomatic migraine” requiring strong evidence for a causal relation between underlying cause and migraine symptoms adhering strictly to diagnostic criteria. PubMed was searched for case reports of symptomatic migraine from inception to March 2020. Only articles published in English or German were included. No restrictions were placed on study design. Relevant references in the articles were also included. Papers were systematically reviewed by two independent reviewers for detailed clinical features of migraine as well as the proposed underlying conditions and the effects of treatment of these conditions.ResultsOur search retrieved 1726 items. After screening, 109 papers comprising 504 cases were reviewed in detail. Eleven patients with migraine with aura (MWA) fulfilled our working criteria for symptomatic migraine, and 39 patients fulfilled our criteria for possible symptomatic migraine. The most common etiologies of symptomatic migraine were arteriovenous malformations, carotid stenosis, dissection or aneurysm, brain infarctions, meningioma, and various intra‐axial tumors.ConclusionsSymptomatic MWA, indistinguishable from idiopathic MWA, may occur due to cortical lesions or microembolization. We found no clear evidence supporting the existence of symptomatic migraine without aura although we did identify possible cases. Our findings are limited by the available literature, and we suggest that prospective studies are needed.
CHOKED BY RED TAPE? THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF WASTEFUL TRADE BARRIERS
Authors: Maggi Giovanni , Mrázová Monika , Neary J. Peter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe implications of red‐tape barriers (RTBs) under lobbying pressures differ markedly from those of traditional trade barriers. RTBs affect the extensive margin of trade and may respond in opposite ways to reductions in tariffs versus reductions in natural trade costs: The former induce a protectionist backlash that may reduce trade both at the intensive and extensive margin, whereas the latter may induce a reduction in RTBs magnifying the direct trade‐increasing effects. Furthermore, if tariff commitments are optimized, the availability of RTBs limits the extent of tariff liberalization, and political uncertainty tends to increase the prevalence of RTBs.
Evolution of volatile compounds during dry‐cured deer loin processing
Authors: Vargas‐Ramella Marcio , Munekata Paulo E. S. , Pateiro Mirian , Franco Daniel , Lorenzo José M. , Domínguez Rubén 
Published: July 2021

SummaryDuring dry‐cured meat processing, several reactions leads to the development of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for a typical flavour and aroma. Hence, this study aimed to access the evolution of VOCs profile in dry‐cured deer loin during its manufacture at day 0, 30 and 60. For the sake of characterising the changes of VOCs, 8 chemical families (95 compounds) were identified, with the hydrocarbons (terpenes), ketones, acids and aldehydes as the most powerful descriptors for ripening period. Meanwhile, the most abundant compounds were acetoin and o‐cymene. Except for ‘others’, all VOCs families steadily increased (P < 0.001) along processing and reached their content at 60 days. The main VOCs found in the present research, which derived mainly from the degradation of lipids and amino acids/proteins during ripening stage, contributed to the VOCs profile evolution. This fact agrees with the results obtained in a previous study about the lipolytic, proteolytic and oxidative changes of dry‐cured deer loin during processing. Additionally to the general increase of volatiles, other specific VOCs play a vital role in the dry‐cured deer loin aroma, such as 2‐ketones, acetoin, alcohols (1‐octanol, 1‐hexanol, 1‐octen‐3‐ol), aliphatic (pentanal, hexanal, heptanal) and branched aldehydes (butanal, 2‐methyl and butanal, 3‐methyl), furans, acids and esters. The content of these compounds showed a dramatic increase, which produce the typical odour of cured meat, while the terpenoids provide the VOCs derived from spices. Within these compounds, the results indicated that the ketones, aldehydes and acids chemical family could play an important role on the aroma and flavour of dry‐cured deer loin. However, it is important to note that further studies should be performed evaluating the sensory characteristics and acceptability of dry‐cured deer loin.
Influence of ultrasound treatment in combination with modified atmosphere on microorganisms and quality attributes of fresh‐cut lettuce
Authors: Chen Li‐bing , Fan Kai 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe influence of ultrasound (US) treatment in combination with modified atmosphere packaging on microbial loads and quality attributes of fresh‐cut lettuce was investigated during storage at 4 °C for up to 15 days. Fresh‐cut lettuces were sonicated for different durations (0, 5, 10 and 15 min) by US (20 kHz, 226 W cm−2) and then packed in active modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Results showed that US treatment combined with modified atmosphere effectively inhibited growth of bacteria, mold and yeast during storage. The US treatment for 10 min combined with MAP reduces mass losses and colour change, inhibits POD and PPO activities, conserves ascorbic acid and chlorophyll contents and maintains water distribution in fresh‐cut lettuce. These results illustrated that US treatment combined with modified atmosphere was an effective preservation method to improve storage quality of fresh‐cut lettuce.
The EU's ‘return rate’ with third countries: Why EU readmission agreements do not make much difference
Authors: Stutz Philipp , Trauner Florian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe signing of EU readmission agreements is commonly believed to lead to a higher rate of returns of migrants found ineligible to stay in Europe. By analysing the EU’s ‘return rate’ with the whole world over a period of 11 years (2008–18), this article argues that (formal or informal) EU readmission arrangements may have less impact than widely assumed. They often lead only to temporary increases in the return rates of third countries – if at all. Their relevance may have been overstated, even in Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans, when looking at the return rates of neighbouring states without agreement. The return rates of third countries tend to follow regional dynamics. Most African states have converged at lower levels, irrespective of readmission cooperation with the EU. These regional trends imply a widening gap between regions with high and low EU return rates.
Effectiveness of the Lapidus plate system in foot surgery: APRISMAcompliant systematic review
Authors: López‐López Daniel , Larrainzar‐Garijo Ricardo , De‐Bengoa‐Vallejo Ricardo Becerro , Losa‐Iglesias Marta Elena , Bayod‐López Javier 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLapidus arthrodesis is an established standard procedure to correct various foot surgery problems and hallux limitus, hypermobility of the first ray, hallux abductus valgus, and symptomatic lesser metatarsal. After decades, many fixation methods in the orthopaedic surgery industry have been developed for decreasing complications and improving this technique. The aim of this PRISMA compliant systematic review is to analyse the effectiveness of several lapidus plate systems in foot surgery. We have carried out the first systematic review of the relevant published literature so as to systematically evaluate the scientific knowledge available now on this association, assigning predefined eligibility criteria. Fourteen studies were selected which had an overall of 738 cases. The first tarsal metatarsal joint and hallux valgus were treated by the application of different types of Lapidus plate system. The optimal level of the fixation in these procedures is related with the type and system insertion place of the plate with or without screw in each specific foot disease. There is an insufficient number of studies about the effectiveness of the different types of Lapidus plate system in foot surgery, and there is a need to increase outcomes knowledge on the level of the fixation, sort of the system, and insert place in foot surgery.
Born to innovate? The birth‐order effect of CEOs on corporate innovation
Authors: Wan Qing , Cheng Xiaoke , Chan Kam C. , Gao Shenghao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study explores the effect of CEO birth order on corporate innovation. Using hand‐collected data, we find that firms led by firstborn CEOs are less innovative. This finding survives a number of robustness checks. When firms are more risky, non‐state‐owned or less financially constrained, the association between birth order and innovation is stronger, suggesting that the negative impact of firstborn CEOs is larger when their innovative personality is more demanding or influential. Meanwhile, firstborn CEOs have larger impact on corporate innovation when they are born in cities where Confucian culture are more influential or grow up in a low‐income family, consistent with our argument that sibling competition makes firstborns less innovative. Overall, our results suggest that firstborn CEOs have negative effect on corporate innovation because they are less innovative intrinsically.
The use of psoriasis biomarkers, including trajectory of clinical response, to predict clearance and remission duration to UVB phototherapy
Authors: Watson N. , Wilson N. , Shmarov F. , Zuliani P. , Reynolds N.J. , Weatherhead S.C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRemission duration and treatment response following phototherapy for psoriasis are highly variable and factors influencing these are poorly understood.ObjectivesOur primary outcome was to investigate whether selected clinical/serum biomarkers were associated with remission duration, and secondly with psoriasis clearance at the end of phototherapy. In addition, we looked at whether early trajectory of UVB clearance was associated with final clearance outcome.MethodsWe performed a prospective cohort study of 100 psoriasis patients, routinely prescribed Narrowband UVB and measured selected clinical and biochemical biomarkers, including weekly PASI (psoriasis area and severity index) scores. Patients were followed up for 18 months.ResultsThe median time to relapse was 6 months (95% CI 5–18) if PASI90 was achieved, and 4 months (95% CI 3–9) if less than PASI90 was achieved. Achieving PASI100 did not result in prolonged remission. On UVB completion, the median final PASI (n = 96) was 1.0 (IQR 0.5, 1.6) with 78 (81%) achieving PASI75 and 39 (41%) achieving PASI90. Improved PASI90 response was significantly associated with lower BMI, higher baseline PASI, non‐smoking status and lower cumulative NbUVB. Serum levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and vitamin D were not associated with clearance or remission duration. Early treatment response from weeks 2–3 was predictive of final outcome. For example, achieving PASI30 at week 3 was significantly associated with PASI90 at the end of the course [36/77 (51%) vs. 2/24 (8%), P < 0.001].ConclusionsRaised BMI and positive smoking status predicted poorer phototherapy response. For the first time, we have shown that PASI clearance trajectory over the first 2–3 weeks of UVB, can predict psoriasis clearance. This is an important new step towards developing psoriasis personalized prescribing, which can now be formally tested in clinical trials. These simple clinical measures can be used to inform patient treatment expectations; allowing treatment modifications and/or switching to alternative therapies.