bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of antigen synthesis and preparation and characterization of specific and eurytopic antibodies against B-group aflatoxins
Authors: Wang Yanang , Fotina Hanna 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to prepare B-group aflatoxins(BGAFs) antibody with strong specificity and good eurytopicity. According to the molecular structure and active site of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the BGAFs artificial antigen AFB1-BSA was prepared by 6 methods such as oxime active ester(OAE)，methylation of ammonia(MOA)，mixed anhydride(MA)，semi acetal(SA)，epoxide(EP) and enol ether derivative(EED) and identified by UV and SDS-PAGE. Polyclonal antibodies against AFB1(AFB1 pAb) were prepared by immunizing New Zealand rabbits with AFB1-BSA, and the titers of AFB1 pAb was detected by indirect ELISA, the sensitivity of AFB1 pAb was analyzed by indirect competitive ELISA(icELISA) and the specificity and eurytopicity of AFB1 pAb was analyzed by cross-reactivity(CR) test. The results showed that AFB1-BSA was synthesized successfully and the best one was OAE method among 6 synthesis methods of BGAFs artificial antigen and its conjugation ratio of AFB1 to BSA was about 8.46∶1. The immune efficacy of OAE method was the best, its AFB1 pAb had high titers of 1∶（1.28×104） by indirect ELISA, a good sensitivity with the 50% inhibition concentration(IC50) of 10.32 μg/L to AFB1 by icELISA and a high CR to AFB2 of 75.21%, AFG1 of 44.13%, AFG2 of 14.72%, AFM1 of 16.36% and AFM2 of 1.44%, respectively. In this study, AFB1 pAbs with high titer, sensitivity, specificity and eurytopicity were prepared, which laid a matter and technical foundation for the establishment of BGAFs immunoassay.
Exceeding Continental and Analytic Philosophy: The Post-Continental Thought of W.J.T. Mitchell
Authors: Susanti Anastasia Jessica Adinda 
Published: June 2021

The division between Continental and Analytic Philosophy in contemporary philosophy is more difficult to maintain than in modern philosophy. Some philosophers use both Continental and Analytic Philosophy together. They defy the presupposition that Continental thought is subjectivist, collectivist, and historicist, while Analytic thought is objectivist, individualist, and scientific. John Mullarkey calls this circumstance “The Post-Continental Philosophy”. This research aims to examine 'what is the post-continental thought of W.J.T. Mitchell?' and 'how does Mitchell exceed the boundaries of Continental and Analytic Philosophy?'. The method of this research is hermeneutic which involves some elements such as interpretative analyses, historical continuity, heuristics, and descriptive. In conclusion, Mitchell’s post-continental thought bridges the Continental and Analytic philosophy, especially through the concepts of Picture Theory and Image Science. In Picture Theory, he uses the Continental philosophy approach that emphasizes the interpretation of the image. Meanwhile, in Image Science, he employs the Analytic philosophy approach that gives attention to the abstract, rational, and mathematical analysis.
BIOFILM ERADICATION ACTIVITY OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED FRACTION OF ETHYLACETATE EXTRACT OF ACALYPHA WILKESIANA LEAVES ON CANDIDA ALBICANS I, II AND PARAPSILOSIS
Authors: Zubairu Maimuna , Salihu Aliyu , Umar Ismaila A. , Rabiu Karima Mohammed , Ella Elijah 
Published: June 2021

Candida spp produce highly structured biofilms composed of multiple cells encased in an extracellular matrix. Sessile cells are known to decrease drug diffusion toward biological targets. This research is aimed at evaluating the biofilm eradication activity of partially purified fraction of ethylacetate extract of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves on sessile cells of C. albicans I, II and C. parapsilosis. Column Chromatography-TLC was used to fractionate and partially purify the extract using a bioassay guided fractionation. Preparative TLC was used to purify the most potent fraction. Antifungal effects of the extract and percentage biofilm eradication was determined by microdilution method. Antibiofilm activity of the purified fraction on the morphology of the sessile cells of Candida spp was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The purified fraction had MIC of 1.25mg/ml on C. albicans I, II and C. parapsilosis, respectively. MFC of 2.5mg/ml on C. albicans I and II but there was no total death observed on C. parapsilosis. The fraction had IC50 significantly (p ≤ 0.05) different from that of the reference drugs. There was significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the biofilm eradicated by corilagin, amp B., voriconazole, caspafungin, compared to the purified fraction on C. albicans I, II and C. parapsilosis. There was decrease in biomass of sessile cells on the morphology of C. albicans I, II and C. parapsilosis in all treated plates compared to the control. Therefore, the purified fraction of ethylacetate extract of A. wilkesiana leaves has a potential to eradicate the biofilms formed by Candida spp.
Possible Corruption Risks to Successful Implementation of REDD+ in Bangladesh
Authors: Miah Md Danesh , Abedin SM Raihan 
Published: June 2021

Deforestation and forest degradation are the important causal agents to global climate change. REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation along with conservation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks and sustainable management of forest) is a recently adopted global initiative to mitigate global climate change by conserving the forests and its carbon. Bangladesh is still in the preparatory phase of the REDD+ program. Assessing the potential risks of corruption is important to the setting up of strategies of REDD+ implementation. So, a study was conducted in the Madhupur, Sreemangal and Rangamati forest areas to assess these risks. The study was conducted through three types of surveys and interviews. It was found that there is a chance of potential corruption risks while implementing REDD+ program in Bangladesh. Political leaders and other powerful groups may manipulate the policy making and development strategies of REDD+. Financial management, benefit sharing and procurement management in the REDD+ program should be considered in the corruption risks analysis. There is a chance of diversion or embezzlement of REDD+ funds, laundering of money and elite capture of REDD+ benefits. Over estimation of costs and collusions in the bidding may also occur while implementing REDD+. For the successful and transparent implementation of REDD+, this possible risks should be taken into consideration. This study can be partially useful to fixing up the REDD+ strategies in Bangladesh.
The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 1-20, 2019
Determinants of Drug Addiction in Slum and Non-slum Areas of Chittagong, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Monirul , Hussain Md Imam , Islam Md Shahidul 
Published: June 2021

This research paper is a modest attempt to examine the prevalence and differentials of drug addiction in slum and non-slum areas of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The study revealed that about 53 per cent of males and 47 per cent of females were drug addicted in slum areas while in non-slum areas, the percentages of the addicted males and females are about 73 and 55 respectively. In both the areas, it was observed that the drug addicted peoples were suffering from dyspepsia, pain in lever, declining sexual ability, hepatitis, vomiting and other diseases. From the multivariate analysis, it was observed that respondent’s religion, type of family, number of family members, economic status, occupation, duration of taking drugs, watching TV/LCD, reading newspaper or magazine, habit of smoking, knowledge about drugs, knowledge about the harmful effect of drugs, causes behind taking the drugs and drugs buying spots were found to be positively significant effect on drug addiction in slum areas, while in non-slum areas, respondent’s religion, educational qualifications, number of family members, economic status, occupation, knowledge about drugs, watching TV/LCD, reading newspaper or magazine, suffering from diseases due to drugs, knowledge about the harmful effect of drugs, type of drugs, causes behind taking drugs, drugs buying spots and tendency to come back from drugs were found to be positively significant effect on drug addiction. It was observed that majority of the addicted respondents use cannabis in both the areas compare to other type of drugs.
The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 21-38, 2019
Determinants of Nutritional Status among School Girls in Chittagong Metropolitan Area
Authors: Karim Md Abdul , Akter Jesmin 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to investigate the determinants of nutritional status (BMI) of school girls, selected randomly from the schools of Chittagong metropolitan area because good nutritional status is a prerequisite for good health, fertility and national productivity. The results of this study show that more than one-third (38.6%) school girls belong to underweight, 47.9% normal and 13.5% overweight. The overall mean BMI of the selected girls is found 20.03±4.06 kg/m2 with considerable variations by their background characteristics. The co-efficient of variation (20.27%) indicates that there exists extreme heterogeneity in BMI of the respondents. Co-efficient of skewness (β1=0.85) and excess of kurtosis (γ2=1.05) reflect that the distribution of BMI is positively skewed and leptokurtic. The mean BMI is found relatively high among the respondents living in the metropolitan area (21.18 kg/m2). The highest mean BMI is found among the girls belong to high family income group (21.62 kg/m2) and low (18.69 kg/m2) in lower family income group. Bivariate analysis indicates that religion, place of origin, place of residence, respondents’ education, arm circumference, fathers and mothers education and occupation, family income, family size, sibling size, skipping and cycling, duration of sporting activity and sleeping, and food intake are found to have significant association with nutritional status of the girls. The study also shows that BMI is significantly positively correlated with family income and negatively with duration of sporting activities. Multinomial logistic regression analysis illustrates that place of residence, arm circumference, mothers’ occupation, duration of sleeping and food intake is found significant predictors of BMI.
The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 39-67, 2019
LAS PARADOJAS DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Tapia Tapia Silvana 
Published: June 2021

El presente ensayo constituye una reflexión crítica sobre el “lado oscuro” y las paradojas de los derechos humanos en cuanto instrumentos que suelen presentarse como objetivos, neutrales, apolíticos y ahistóricos, pero que en realidad representan una forma determinada de entender el mundo. La implementación de los derechos humanos no deja de ser, como todo acto socio-jurídico, un ejercicio de poder. Reconocer los límites de nuestras mejores armas es el primer paso hacia la articulación de un discurso de derechos humanos que no perpetúe la subordinación social y política de los grupos más excluidos. Palabras clave: Derechos humanos, crítica al liberalismo, justicia alternativa, uso político del derecho
CULTURA POPULAR Y DISEÑO
Authors: Malo-González Claudio 
Published: June 2021

Cultura y Diseño:Como todo ser viviente, debe el hombre convivir con la realidad circundante, pero mientras en las demás especies animales hay una aceptación básica de las condiciones que les rodean y un proceso de adaptación a ellas, salvo cuando en forma limitada el instinto genera cambios, el comportamiento humano varía en la medida en que sistemáticamente busca e intenta -a veces con éxito, a veces fallidamente modificar el medio de acuerdo con sus intereses. Esta sistemática modificación del entorno físico, unida a un permanente y cambiante proceso de elaboración de normas de comportamiento que regulen sus relaciones con sus semejantes, a conceptualizaciones de lo perceptible y lo no perceptible, a jerarquización variable de sistemas de valores, etc., conforman la cultura en el sentido antropológico de la palabra.
EL DISEÑADOR Y LA TECNOLOGÍA EN EL ECUADOR
Authors: Suárez Stalin 
Published: June 2021

En una sociedad que se sustenta en el avance industrial, es innegable que las decisiones sociales, económicas y políticas involucran consideraciones científicas y de ingeniería, pero lamentablemente las personas que practican esta importante actividad no participan mayormente en los asuntos públicos, de allí la importancia de que las sociedades de ingeniería, y seminarios como el presente traten estos asuntos, con un objetivo fundamental cual es el de orientar, dar ideas, y aún presentar posibles soluciones que puedan ser recogidas por quienes tienen en sus manos el estructurar el presente y el futuro del país en beneficio de las grandes mayorías populares.
Developing Students’ Speaking Skills through Flipped Classroom Model
Authors: Sudarmaji Imam , Amaliyah Anwar Ariskha Ananda , Mulyana Agus 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of implementing flipped classroom model on students’ speaking skills. This research used quantitative method, the number of the sample were 34 of senior high school students which was taken purposively by using quasi-experimental research with before and after design. The whole online flipped classroom model was carried out, since the limitation to hold the actual face-to-face meeting at school, which still allow the students to interact face-to-face with each other and the teacher virtually through a group chat and video conferencing to discuss the material given and practicing to use spoken English during the class sessions. Pre-class activity was held using a group chat by giving instruction to the students to study the material before the actual class session and during the class session the whole class were meet face-to-face through video conferencing. A speaking test was carried before and after the implementation of flipped classroom model to assess the students’ speaking performance. Among the experimental group, the result showed the fully online flipped classroom model not only engage them with the English material but also significantly improved their speaking performance. Furthermore, the students were become more confident to speak in English during the class session.
The Effect of Self-assessment on the Development of EFL Reading Comprehension Skills
Authors: TAKARROUCHT Kenza 
Published: June 2021

Using self-assessment as part of reading courses is key to improving reading comprehension skills. This study aims at exploring how self-assessment develops EFL students’ reading comprehension skills. It was conducted with a sample of 40 students enrolled in the English Department, University of Algiers 2 during the first semester of the academic year 2020/2021. To collect data, an embedded mixed-methods research paradigm was used which involved collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were test scores collected as part of a pre-experiment. The pre-experiment involved administering a pre and post reading test and implementing a treatment. The treatment implemented was a self-assessment of reading strategies checklist. The qualitative data were obtained by means of an open-ended interview on participants’ reading strategies. Quantitative data were analysed by calculating the mean score and the t-test, while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The findings indicated that self-assessment helped the students to increase test scores and to develop their reading strategies. It enabled them to plan, monitor, and evaluate their reading process by implementing different strategies and techniques. Drawing on these findings, it is suggested that English teachers use self-assessment of reading strategies as part of reading courses, since it can improve students’ reading comprehension skills and strategy use.
Detecção de dois tipos tumorais distintos em cavidade bucal de Cão: Relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Geovanna Santos , Carvalho Monique Resende , Abdalla Samira Lessa , Silva Marta Fernanda Albuquerque da , Gomes Lianna Ghisi , Spiller Paulo Roberto , Faria Eduardo Ferreira , Dall’Acqua Priscila Chediek , Paula Eric Mateus Nascimento de , Martini Andresa de Cássia 
Published: June 2021

A cavidade bucal representa o quarto local mais frequente de neoplasias, sendo responsáveis por aproximadamente 5% dos tumores em cães. Sua ocorrência é maior em animais com idade média a avançada, sendo também observada em animais jovens. O objetivo desse relato foi realizar a descrição de dois tipos tumorais distintos identificados na cavidade bucal de um cão, dando ênfase para realização de exame histopatológico individual, para diferentes massas em uma mesma região anatômica. Foi avaliado um cão da raça Golden Retriever e ao exame específico da cavidade bucal foi observado halitose, doença periodontal grau III e presença de neoformação em mucosa jugal da maxila e mucosa mandibular, ambas do lado esquerdo. O animal foi encaminhado para realização de exérese de massa, através de técnica cirúrgica clássica e os fragmentos encaminhados para análise histopatológica, que evidenciou melanoma melanocítico em mucosa mandibular e mastocitoma na mucosa jugal da maxila, ambas do lado esquerdo. O pós-operatório consistiu na limpeza da cavidade bucal duas vezes ao dia com periogard®, durante dez dias, stomorgyl 20®, 3 comprimidos, SID, por 7 dias, maxicam® 2 mg, 2 comprimidos, SID, durante 3 dias e tramadol 50 mg, 2 comprimidos, BID, por 5 dias, todos por via oral. Ao 10° dia do pós- operatório o animal retornou para avaliação, onde observou-se boa cicatrização no local de exérese das lesões, nessa ocasião foi realizada uma sessão de eletroquimioterapia com sulfato de bleomicina, na região da cicatriz cirúrgica. Aos 30 dias do pós- operatório o animal encontrava-se bem, com boa alimentação e sem recidiva de lesões em cavidade bucal. Esse estudo reforça a necessidade do diagnóstico e adoção terapêutica rápidas, para manutenção da qualidade e aumento na expectativa de vida do paciente que apresenta neoplasia em cavidade bucal. A realização de exame histopatológico individual, em diferentes massas em uma mesma região anatômica é imprescindível, a fim de identificar o tipo tumoral corretamente e estabelecer o tratamento, que pode contemplar exérese cirúrgica clássica ou ainda utilizar de terapias adjuvantes, como a eletroquimioterapia.
Avaliação dos fatores de risco para fatura osteoporótica em mulheres pós menopausa
Authors: Alves Breno William Santana , Pereira Francisco de Assis , Silva Ronald Bispo Barreto da , Alves Neto José Seabra , Cruz Amanda Raquel Costa 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: avaliar os fatores de risco para osteoporose e fratura por fragilidade em mulheres idosas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com amostra de conveniência realizado em um serviço ambulatorial, privado, vinculado à Universidade Tiradentes, na cidade de Aracaju-SE. Resultados: A casuística do estudo foi composta por 102 mulheres pós menopausa. Os três fatores de risco para osteoporose que apresentaram maior frequência em nossa amostra foram sedentarismo (70,6%), uso de corticoide (17,6%), menopausa precoce (15,3%), todas as participantes possuíam pelo menos três fatores de risco. Todas as participantes do estudo têm indicação de densitometria óssea, porém 68 (66,7%) referiram ter sido submetidas ao exame e destas, 32 (31,4%) referiram ter o diagnóstico de osteoporose densitométrica. Em relação à queda, 43 (42,2%) participantes relataram já ter apresentado pelo menos um episódio no último ano. Conclusões: Nossos resultados demonstram que a população feminina e idosa, embora apresente maiores risco para osteoporose e fratura por fragilidade, ainda é negligenciada em nosso meio, demonstrando que há necessidade de programas de promoção de saúde e na prática médica rotineira para detecção dos fatores de risco para osteoporose e bem com de fraturas nos grupos de indivíduos mais propensos a apresentarem estas condições clínicas.
Fratura orbitária provocada por projetil de borracha: Relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Mirlany Mendes Maciel , Borges Amanda Bárbara , Acioly Rodrigo da Franca , Souza Dennis Dinelly de , Carvalho Daniel do Carmo , Silva Bruno Araújo da 
Published: June 2021

Os projeteis de borracha são utilizados, geralmente por entidades policiais e de segurança privada, na busca de um melhor controle de manifestações, tumultos ou rebeliões. Consideradas armas menos letais que as armas de fogo, tais artifícios podem causar lesões corporais devastadoras, com consequências estéticas, funcionais e sociais inimagináveis ao alvo. A utilização deste instrumento deve seguir recomendações criteriosamente na busca de evitar e/ou minimizar danos. As lesões balísticas que acometem a região maxilofacial consistem em um desafio para o cirurgião Bucomaxilofacial, em virtude do seu alto grau de complexidade, devendo ser realizado a identificação anatômica dos tecidos danificados, o entendimento das limitações desse tipo de lesão, a preservação de tecidos esqueléticos e moles. Desta maneira a conscientização do potencial lesivo deste instrumento deve ser prioridade na busca de minimizar lesões advindas do mesmo. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar o caso clínico de fratura orbitária causada por projétil de borracha, bem como discutir o potencial de morbidade deste instrumento.
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Surianti Surianti , Banyal Nur Ain 
Published: June 2021

The lack of farmers' knowledge about various palm oil palm plant diseases and how to prevent plant is not attacked by the disease even with the lack of knowledge has led to mistakes in dealing with diseases that attack the oil palm plantations. On the other hand, to meet experts who are experts in the field of agriculture plant oil palm is very difficult, it is necessary for the right technology to solve the problem of oil palm plantations. One way to overcome this problem by building a plant disease expert system palm, to facilitate the farmers know the oil palm plant diseases. There are various methods in an expert system, but here using certainty factor. This study resulted in an expert system that can be used as a means for diagnosing the disease of oil palm trees are diseased, in the application development using Android SDK android studio and used to run android emulator on a computer or pc