bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in the Dynamics of Attitudes towards the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Population Aged 25-64 Years from 1988 To 2017
Authors: Gafarov Valery , Panov Dmitriy , Gromova Elena , Krymov Eldar , Gagulin Igor , Gafarova Almira 
Published: March 2021

The aim: To determine gender differences in the dynamics of attitudes towards the cardiovascular prevention in an open population of 25-64 years over a long-term period - 29 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk).
Methods: Within the framework of the screening in 1988-89 under the WHO MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY) program (n=1676, 49.5% males, mean age 44.1±0.4 years), MOPSY screening in 1994-95 (n=1527, 43% males, mean age 44.85 ± 0.4 years), in 2003-2005 under the international project HAPIEE (n=1650, 34,9% males, mean age 54,25±0,2 years), in 2013-2016 (n=975, 43,8% males, mean age 34,5±0,4 years) and 2016-2017 гг.( n=663, 41,3% years 51,95±0,32 years) within the framework of the budgetary theme No. АААА-А17-117112850280-2, random representative samples of men and women in one of districts in Novosibirsk were examined. Attitude towards preventive methods and health care utilization were assessed using the questionnaire "Knowledge and attitude towards own's health".
Results: About 100% male and female population aged of 25-64 years considered it probable "to develop a serious illness within the next 5-10 years" in 1988. This proportion has not changed significantly by 2017. In 1988, men more often than women certainly believed that they would avoid serious illness if they took action on their own health. In subsequent years of observation these sex differences in responses were erased. Belief in the power of medicine to prevent all or most of the heart disease was present among young men in 2013 and 2017. In comparison with them, women are more balanced about the preventive possibilities of medicine.
Despite the fact that 100% of men and women in the open population 25-64 years find "preventive health screening" useful, only 6.8% of males and 3% of females were regularly checked by a doctor in 1988. In 2016-2017, the frequency of regular health checks exceeded the 10% in middle-aged groups.
An equal proportion of men and women - 67% sought medical help only in case of chest pain, and 11-12% would not go to a doctor even with intense pain; by 2017, their share had decreased to 6.5%.
Conclusions: Among those who consider it likely to have a serious illness, only one of ten is regularly checked by a doctor. At the same time, men are more likely than women to shift responsibility for their health to the preventive capabilities of medicine.
Keywords: awareness, cardiovascular prevention, sex differences, population, healthcare utilization
Ferulik asitin lipopolisakkaridaz ile induklenmiş insan lösemi monositik hücrelerinde sitokin salınımına etkisi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şahin , DURMAZ Burak , MEMMEDOV Hikmet , OKTAY Latife Merve , GÜNEL Selvi Nur , OLUKMAN Murat , SÖZMEN Eser Yıldırım 
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Makrofajlar doğal immün cevabı başlatan ve patojenle ilk temasta bulunan hücreler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Hem hücreler arası ilişkiler hem de inflamatuar mediyatörlerin salınımı yoluyla doğal immün ve inflamatuar yanıtta etkin rol oynamaktadırlar. İnsan THP-1 lösemi monositik hücreleri, makrofajların in vitro olarak fonksiyonlarını, mekanizmalarını ve sinyal yollarını araştırmak için en çok kullanılan hücre dizisidir. Lipopolisakkarit makrofaj farklılaşmasını başlatmak için yaygın olarak kullanılan uyarıcılar arasında yer almaktadır. Ferulik asidin, indüklenebilir nitrik oksit sentaz, kaspazlar ve siklooksijenaz (COX)-2 dahil olmak üzere proinflamatuar sitokinlerin ekspresyonunu ve/veya aktivitesini inhibe ettiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, lipopolisakkarit ile indüklenen THP-1 monosit hücrelerinde Ferulik asidin sitokin (COX-1, IL-lα, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, NF-kβ ve IFN-y) düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: TNF alfa seviyeleri farklı konsantrasyonlarda ve zamanlarda LPS eklenerek ölçüldü ve en uygun konsantrasyon ve süre belirlendi. COX-1, IL-lα, IL-lβ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, NF-kβ ve IFN-y'nin sitokin miktarları, inkübasyon sürelerinin sonunda toplanan süpernatanlarda ELISA ile ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Ferulik asidin, NF-kβ inhibisyonu ile lipopolisakkarit ile indüklenen THP-1 hücrelerinde artan TNF-α, IL-lα ve IL-lβ ekspresyonunu inhibe ettiğini bulduk.
Sonuç: Ferulik asidin LPS ile indüklenen THP-1 hücrelerinde sitokin salınımı üzerindeki etkisinin gösterilmesi, aşırı inflamatuar yanıtın tedavisinde ve oto-immün hastalıklara karşı korunmada etkili olabileceğini düşündürdü.
Chest CT as a Complement to RT-PCR to Confirm and Follow-up COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Icksan Aziza Ghanie , Hafiz Muhammad , Harlivasari Annisa Dian 
Published: March 2021

<p><strong>Background : </strong>The first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia was recorded in March 2020. Limitation of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has put chest CT as an essential complementary tool in the diagnosis and follow up treatment for COVID-19. Literatures strongly suggested that High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) is essential in diagnosing typical symptoms of COVID-19 at the early phase of disease due to its superior sensitivity (97%) compared to chest x-ray (CXR).</p><p>The two cases presented in this case study showed the crucial role of chest CT with HRCT to establish the working diagnosis and follow up COVID-19 patients as a complement to RT-PCR, currently deemed a gold standard.<strong></strong></p>
Characteristics of Goat Milk Kefir with Addition of Red Yeast Rice Extract During Storage
Authors: Melani Dilla , Nurliyani Nurliyani , Indratiningsih Indratiningsih 
Published: March 2021

Kefir is one of milk products, produced by the addition of bacteria and yeast-containing kefir starter. This study aimed to evaluate the microbial characteristic, antibacterial activity, chemical and physical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and organoleptic characteristic of goat milk kefir which treated with angkak (red yeast rice) extract supplementation during storage. The study was initiated with milling to produce angkak flour, which then was diluted on sterilized distilled water on 1:2 ratio. Kefir were obtained by fermenting goat milk using 3% kefir grain for 18 hours at room temperature. Different treatments on the study were angkak extract supplementations on level of 0; 2; 4; and 6% for three different storage periods, i.e., 0, 7, and 14 days. The parameter of microbial characteristics observed on this study were total of lactic acid bacteria, TPC, total yeast, and antibacterial activity. Chemical tests performed on this study included the value of acidity, pH value, alcohol content, and water content. Meanwhile, the physical evaluations included viscosity, color test (brightness value, red value, and yellow value), and followed with antioxidant activity test on DPPH method and organoleptic test. Data from chemical, microbial, and physical evaluation were analyzed on one way ANOVA for these following parameters: total count of lactic acid bacteria, TPC, antibacterial activity, value of acidity, pH value, alcohol content, water content, viscosity, brightness value, red value, yellow value, antioxidant activity, and sensory values (alcoholic taste and acceptability). The analysis were further continued on two way ANOVA for total count of lactic acid bacteria, TPC, antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus, alcohol content, viscosity, brightness value, red value, yellow value, and antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the organoleptic characteristics were analyzed on non-parametric Kruskal Wallis, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). Data were analyzed on computer program of Software Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 18 for windows. The study revealed that angkak extract supplementation on goat milk kefir during 0, 7, and 14 days of storage had significant effects (P<0.05) on total count of lactic acid bacteria, TPC count, antibacterial activity, value of acidity, pH value, alcohol content, and sensory qualities (alcoholic taste and acceptability). There was an interaction between angkak extract supplementation and storage period on total count of lactic acid bacteria, TPC, antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus, alcohol content, viscosity, brightness value, red value, yellow value, and antioxidant activity. As summary, supplementation of angkak extract at 6% level and 14 days storage periods increase the microbiological quality, viscosity, alcohol content, antioxidant activity, as well as its alcoholic taste-associated acceptability, and inhibit the growth of pathogens (E. coli and S. aureus).
Stress Analysis of Variable Ram Blowout Prevention Valves
Authors: Achuthan Ajit , Jayanath Shiyan 
Published: March 2021

Summary
Variable ram blowout prevention (VRBOP) valves are elastomeric material-based flow control devices used in offshore oil drilling applications as the primary safety mechanism to respond to high wellbore pressure emergency situations. During their operation, the elastomer deforms and distorts extensively to form a tight seal around the drillpipe. Because of the large deformation and distortion of the elastomer, developing a Lagrangian-based finite element analysis model to simulate the operation of a VRBOP valve is quite challenging. The finite elements of the Lagrangian finite element mesh degrade in quality because they deform with the material when the deformation becomes excessive. This leads to poor convergence of the numerical solution. In this study, we first demonstrate that the numerical convergence issues can be resolved by using a suite of modeling techniques: explicit integration scheme, Ogden second-order hyperelastic constitutive model for the elastomer, and the selection of appropriate values for element sizes and other modeling parameters. After resolving the convergence issues, we used the model to study the sealing efficiency and material failure of a VRBOP valve for two different operating temperatures and drillpipe diameters. The sealing efficiency is studied using two performance criteria: the uniformity of the sealing pressure around the drillpipe and the magnitude of the overall deformation of the elastomer. For the material failure analysis of the elastomer, we used multiple failure criteria. The results of this study provide many new insights that have the potential to improve VRBOP valve design. For instance, results show that elevated temperature improves the sealing efficiency of a VRBOP valve because of the higher flexibility of the elastomer at elevated temperatures. Likewise, the wellbore pressure also improves the sealing efficiency. However, all these improvements in sealing pressure come with the risk of a higher probability of material failure.
Identification of industrial hazardous waste and material flow analysis based on hazardous waste producing businesses in Indonesia
Authors: Widyarsana I Made Wahyu , Mulyadi Aurilia Ayuanda , Tambunan Suci Ameliya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted to (1) determine the hazardous waste generation from the industrial sector in Indonesia in 2019, (2) predict the hazardous waste generation in 2040, and (3) determine the waste material flow. This study's secondary data comes from past studies related to hazardous waste management in Indonesia's industrial sector. In this study, predicting hazardous waste generation used 2 (two) methods: the Annual Average Growth Rate and the Unit Gross Industrial Output Value. The last method used the assumption that Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) generate 10% of the total hazardous waste in Indonesia's industrial sector, while the Medium and Large Enterprises (MLEs) generate 85% of the total hazardous waste. In 2019, the total hazardous waste generation reached 573,351,835.37 tonnes yr-1. The hazardous waste projection from Indonesia's industrial sectors in 2040 reached 1,066,603,307.02 tonnes yr-1 to 1,298,591,111.95 tonnes yr-1. Based on the Material Flow Analysis, 68.66% of the hazardous waste was managed by disposing 11% of the hazardous waste in landfill, utilizing 31.44% of the waste, while 31.37% of the hazardous waste goes to hazardous waste transfer depots, and only 1.24% of the hazardous waste was processed. Meanwhile, 31.34% of the hazardous waste is considered to be unmanaged and pollute the land. Thus, it is necessary to have a reliable and integrated hazardous waste management system to reduce the negative impacts on the environment and human health.
Prediction of Postoperative Refractive Astigmatism Before Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Kawahara Atsushi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To determine predictors of postoperative refractive astigmatism in cataract surgery for astigmatism correction by toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Methods: Prospective, observational case series. The right eyes of forty consecutive patients with preoperative corneal astigmatism of the total cornea of 1.5 diopters (D) or more in magnitude and scheduled for implantation of a non-toric IOL during cataract surgery with a 2.4-mm temporal clear corneal incision were examined prospectively. The vertical/horizontal astigmatism component (J0) and oblique astigmatism component (J45) of refractive and corneal astigmatism were converted using power vector analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was performed with refractive astigmatism at three months postoperatively as the dependent variable, and preoperative parameters including age, sex, refractive astigmatism, corneal astigmatism, sphere, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, and corneal higher order aberrations as independent variables. The root mean square (RMS) errors were calculated to express the regression model fit.Results: The regression model for the J0 component was Postoperative refractive J0 = 1.05 × Coneal J0 - 0.14 (R2 = 0.96, P < 0.001). The model for the J45 component was Postoperative refractive J45 = 0.68 × Coneal J45 + 0.19 × Postoperative refractive J45 - 0.06 (R2 = 0.72, P < 0.001). The mean RMS errors for preoperative corneal astigmatism alone and the multivariate model were 0.58 D and 0.46 D, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between them (P = 0.02).Conclusions: Refractive astigmatism after implantation of a toric IOL can be predicted by the regression model using preoperative corneal and refractive astigmatism more accurately than by corneal astigmatism alone. However, the prediction of oblique astigmatism remains a challenge.
Deficiency in Vitamin B12 and Ferritin Is Associated With Epigenetic Alterations in Cancer Patients&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Elawdan Khaled A. , Farouk Sabah , Araf Salah , Khalil Hany 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer is the second-leading cause of death worldwide, caused by several mutations in DNA within the cells including epigenetic alteration. The epigenetic changes are external modifications to the DNA that switch “on” or “off” gene expression. The present study was conducted to investigate the epigenetic modifications and its correlation with the levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin in cancer patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), breast cancer (BC), lung cancer (LC), or colon cancer (CC). Methods and Results: A total of 200 blood samples were obtained from cancer patients and healthy individuals. The relative expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), Ten-Eleven translocation (TET), and methionine synthase (MS) was evaluated in patients with the normal level of vitamin B12/ferritin and patients with the deficient levels of them. DNA methylation within the promoter regions was investigated of each indicated genes using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII and bisulfite PCR. Interestingly, the expression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b was increased in patients with low levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin, while the expression of MS, TET1, and TET3 was significantly decreased. DNA methylation analysis in patients with deficient levels of vitamin B12/ferritin showed a methylated-cytosine within the location 318/CG and 385/CG in the promoter region of TET1 and TET3, respectively. Moreover, the bisulfite PCR assay further confirmed the methylation changes in the promoter region of TET1 and TET3 at the indicated locations. Conclusion: These data indicate that the deficiency in vitamin B12 and ferritin in cancer patients plays a key role in the epigenetic exchanges during cancer development.
Eye-tracking Support for Architects, Conservators, and Museologists. Anastylosis as Pretext for Research and Discussion
Authors: Rusnak Marta Alina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Conservators, museologists, and architects make extremely complex decisions capable of affecting the way people perceive monuments. One might give this idea deeper consideration while pondering anastylosis, which should be done in such a way that it is possible to recognize the original and newlyadded elements. The definitions in force do not, however, explain how to make such a distinction. By using eye-tracking research, we can learn how observers look at historic objects that have been reassembled again. By combining the observation of visual behaviours with a survey of people looking at such objects, it is possible to see how the process of classifying what is new and old actually works. This knowledge allows for both a more conscious approach to heritage management process and pro-social design of exhibitions at archaeological sites, museums, and virtual reality.
Sox9-expressing cells promote regeneration after radiation-induced lung injury via PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Chen Shuang , Li Kang , Zhong Xinqi , Wang Ganping , Wang Xiaocheng , Cheng Maosheng , Chen Jie , Chen Zhi , Chen Jianwen , Zhang Caihua , Xiong Gan , Xu Xiuyun , Chen Demeng , Li Heping , Peng Liang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Radiation induced lung injury (RILI) is considered as one of the most common complications of thoracic radiation. Recent studies have focused on stem cells properties to obtain ideal therapeutic effects and Sox9 has been reported to be involved in stem cell induction and differentiation. However, whether Sox9-expressing cells play a role in radiation repair and regeneration remain unknown.
Methods

We successfully obtain SOX9CreER, RosatdTomato and RosaDTA mice and identify Sox9-expressing cells through lineage tracing assay. Then we evaluated the effects of the ablation of Sox9-expressing cells in vivo. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying mechanism of Sox9 expressing cells during lung regeneration via an online single cell RNA-seq dataset.
Results

In our study, we demonstrated Sox9-expressing cells promote regenerative of lung tissues and ablation of Sox9-expressing cells leads to severe phenotypes after radiation damage. In addition, analysis of online scRNA-seq dataset revealed an enrichment of PI3K/AKT pathway in Sox9-expressing cells during lung epithelium regeneration. Finally, AKT inhibitor Perifosine could suppress the regenerative effects of Sox9-expressing cells.
Conclusions

Taken together, our study suggests that Sox9-expressing cells may serve as a therapeutic target in the setting of lung tissue after RILI.
Managing CBRN Mass Casualty Incidents at Hospitals - Find a Simple Solution for a Complex Problem: a Pilot Study
Authors: Kippnich Maximilian , Schorscher Nora , Sattler Helmut , Kippnich Uwe , Meybohm Patrick , Wurmb Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Chemical, Biological or Radio-nuclear (CBRN) incidents are a major challenge for emergency medical services and the involved hospitals. The challenge becomes even greater, if decontamination needs to be performed nearby or even within the hospital campus. To be prepared for such scenarios, the University Hospital Wuerzburg has developed a comprehensive and alternative CBRN response plan. Bullet points of the strategy are decontamination by Special Forces of the fire brigade and CBRN-experts of the Emergency Medical Services and the adaption to the hospitals spatial conditions. The focus of the presented study was to proof the practicability of the concept, the duration of the decontamination process and the temperature management during a full-scale exercise.Methods On demand the decontamination unit can be put into operation within the roofed basement access zone in front of the emergency department. The entire decontamination area can be deployed 24/7 by the hospitals technical staff. Fire and rescue services in adequate personal protective equipment are responsible for the decontamination process itself. The study was designed as full-scale exercise, which was documented by a camera team. The body temperature of the decontaminated Persons and the environment temerature was measured.Results The entire process proofed to be successful. The decontamination area was ready for operation within 30 minutes. The decontamination of the four simulated patients took 5,5 ± 0,6 minutes (mean ± SD) including handovers and undressing. 30 people have participated in the full-scale exercise. At the end of the decontamination process the temperature of the undressed upper body of the training patients was 27,25 ± 1 °C (81,05 ± 2 °F) (mean ± SD), the water in the shower was about 35°C (95°F).Conclusion The presented concept is comprehensive and simple for a best possible c care during CBRN incidents at hospitals. It ensures wet decontamination by Special Forces, while the technical requirements are created by the hospital.
Isomeric Forms of Biologically Active 2-Aminopyrimidinium Picrate Through Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate Analysis and Spectroscopic Measurements
Authors: Karthick T. , Singh Keshav Kumar , Singh Swapnil , Tandon Poonam , Narayana B. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the present study, the isomeric forms of a biologically active 2-Aminopyrimidinium picrate cocrystal were investigated using spectroscopic investigation and Density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The vibrational assignments of IR and Raman peaks were predicted and the experimental IR and Raman spectra of the condensed phase of 2-Aminopyrimidinium picrate were compared with the simulated one. The intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) analysis was performed on all the possible reaction pathways to identify the isomeric forms of 2APP and transition state (TS) geometry. From the IRC analysis, a relatively stable form (named as isomer 2) has been identified in addition to the existing isomeric form (isomer 1) in the crystalline packing of 2APP. The presence of non-covalent interactions within the isomeric forms of 2APP was investigated with the help of quantum topological atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis. Reactivity descriptors and charge delocalization from lone pair to acceptor entities of both the isomers were predicted to validate the interactions present and to understand the charge distribution within the molecule.