bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TR3 enhances AR Variant Production and Transactivation, Increasing Androgen Independency of AR Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Tran Tuyen Thanh , Lee Keesook 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Increased expression of constitutively active androgen receptor variants (AR-Vs) is associated with the development of advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer. The pro-oncogenic function of TR3, an orphan nuclear receptor, has been reported in various cancers including prostate cancer. However, the roles of TR3 in androgen receptor (AR) expression and signaling in prostate cancer cells are poorly understood.
Methods

Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR were used to evaluate AR and AR-V expression levels affected by TR3 expression level. RNA-seq analysis, coimmunoprecipitation, cross-linked RNA-immunoprecipitation, and single-strand RNA protection and pull-down assays were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which TR3 affected AR-V production.
Results

Database analysis revealed that TR3 expression level is elevated in prostate tumors, and is positively correlated with that of AR. TR3 overexpression increased the production of AR splice variants in addition to general upregulation of AR expression. TR3 interacted with some spliceosomal complex components and AR precursor mRNA, altering the splice junction rates between exons. TR3 also enhanced androgen-independent AR function. Furthermore, TR3 overexpression increased cell proliferation and mobility of AR-positive prostate cancer cells and stimulated tumorigenesis of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells in mouse xenograft models. This is the first study to report that TR3 is a multifunctional regulator of AR signaling in prostate cancer cells.
Conclusions

TR3 alters AR expression, splicing process, and activity in prostate cancer cells, increasing the androgen independency of AR signaling. Therefore, TR3 may play a crucial role in the progression of prostate cancer to advanced castration-resistant form.
CIP4 Targeted to Recruit GTP-Cdc42 Involving in Invadopodia Formation Through NF-κB Signaling Pathway Promotes Invasion and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hu Zhiyan , Zhu Jiaxian , Ma Yidan , Long Ting , Gao Lingfang , Zhong Yan , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Zuguo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

CIP4 (Cdc42-interacting protein 4), a member of the F-BAR family which plays an important role in regulating cell membrane and actin, has been reported to interact with Cdc42 and closely associated with tumor invadopodia formation. However, the specific mechanism of the interaction between CIP4 and Cdc42 as well as the downstream signaling pathway in response in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown, which is worth exploring for its impact on tumor infiltration and metastasis.
Methods

Immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses were performed to detect the expression of CIP4 and Cdc42. Their relationship with CRC clinicopathological characteristics was further analyzed. Wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion assays tested the effect of CIP4 on cells migration and invasion ability in vitro, and the orthotopic xenograft colorectal cancer mouse mode evaluated the tumor metastasis in vivo. The invadopodia formation and function were assessed by immunofluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and matrix degradation assay. The interaction between CIP4 and Cdc42 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and GST-Pull down assays. Immunofluorescence was used to observed the colocalization of CIP4, GTP-Cdc42 and invadopodia. The related downstream signaling pathway was investigated by western blot and immunofluorescence.
Results

CIP4 expression was significantly higher in human colorectal cancer tissues and correlated with the CRC infiltrating depth and metastasis as well as the lower survival rate in patients. In cultured CRC cells, knockdown of CIP4 inhibited cell migration and invasion ability in vitro and the tumor metastasis in vivo, while overexpression of CIP4 confirmed the opposite situation by promoting invadopodia formation and matrix degradation ability. In addition, we identified GTP-Cdc42 as a directly interactive protein of CIP4, which was upregulated and recruited by CIP4 to participate in this process. Furthermore, activated NF-κB signaling pathway was found in CIP4 overexpression CRC cells contributing to invadopodia formation while inhibition of either CIP4 or Cdc42 led to suppression of NF-κB pathway resulted in decrease quantity of invadopodia.
Conclusion

Our findings suggested that CIP4 targets to recruit GTP-Cdc42 and directly combines with it to accelerate invadopodia formation and function by activating NF-κB signaling pathway, thus promoting CRC infiltration and metastasis.
Endowing plants with the capacity for autogenic nitrogen fixation
Authors: Yao Quan-hong , Peng Ri-he , Wang Bo , Tian Yong-Sheng , Zhu Yan-man , Gao Jian-jie , Li Zhen-jun , Fu Xiao-Yan , Xu Jing , Han Hong-juan , Wang Li-juan , Wang Yu , Zhang Fu-jian , Zhang Wen-hui , Deng Yong-dong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biologically available nitrogen is a common limitation to crop productivity in modern agriculture. The endowment of higher plants with the ability to produce their own nitrogenous fertilizers has been attempted for nearly half a century1–4. Here we report that a minimal nitrogen fixation system from Paenibacillus polymyxa5–8 can be used to create an autogenic nitrogen-fixing plant through synthetic biology. We found that the genetically modified Arabidopsis containing the cassette of all nine nif genes (nifBHDKENXhesAnifV) showed some activity of nitrogenase and caused higher biomasses and chlorophyll contents than wild-type plants grown in low-nitrogen or nitrogen-free medium. Then we found that the engineered Arabidopsis displayed resistance to KCN and NaN3, two substrates of nitrogenase9. Furthermore, overexpression of electron transfer component10 in the engineered nif gene-carrying plants resulted in higher nitrogen fixation efficiency. Isotopic labeling analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry showed that the fixed nitrogen can flow to amino acids and chlorophyll11, 12. This study represents a milestone toward realizing the goal of endowing plants with the capacity for self-fertilization.
Trend analysis of disability adjusted life years due to cardiovascular diseases: results from the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Masaebi Fatemeh , Salehi Masoud , Kazemi Maryam , Vahabi Nasim , Looha Mehdi Azizmohammad , Zayeri Farid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of global mortality representing about one third of all deaths across the world. The objective of the present study was to model the global trend in disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and its components due to CVD over the past three decades. We also aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between CVD DALY and Human Development Index (HDI) in this period of time.Methods: The age-standardized rates of years lost due to disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL) and DALY were extracted for cardiovascular diseases from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 in years 1990 to 2019. Additionally, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database was used to retrieve HDI values for all world countries at the same period time. The trend analysis was performed using the joinpoint regression model. Results: The obtained revealed a significant downward trend for DALY and its components with the average annual percent change of -1.0, -0.3 and -1.1 per 100,000 population, respectively for DALY, YLD and YLL. We also found that countries with high/very high levels of HDI have remarkably experienced steeper declining slope of trend than those in lower levels of HDI over the study period. Conclusions: Although the observed decreasing trend of CVD burden is a hopeful message for all world countries, the considerable gap in slope of trend between richer and poorer parts of the world is a serious alarm for health policy makers. Regarding this, there is an urgent need to put more efforts on implementing preventive programs, improving the level of patients’ care and providing efficient treatment, especially in regions with lower levels of HDI.
Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression through Modulation of SLC1A5 Expression
Authors: Pan Yonglong , Han Mengzhen , Zhang Xiaochao , He Yi , Yuan Chaoyi , Xiong Yixiao , Li Xinxin , Zeng Chenglong , Lu Kan , Zhu He , Lu Xun , Liu Qiumeng , Liang Huifang , Liao Zhibin , Zhan Zhanguo , Ding Zeyang , Zhang Wanguang , Zhang Bixiang , Chen Xiao-ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with the highest mortality rate in the world. Receptor tyrosine kinases play an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer. Discoid protein domain receptors 1 (DDR1) are a special type of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. Here, we show DDR1 is significantly increased in Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), which is related to poor prognosis of HCC patients.
Methods

DDR1 expression in HCC cell lines and paired HCC specimens were determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). At the same time, the correlation between the DDR1 and SLC1A5 was also studied in HCC specimens. Cell proliferation ability were evaluated by CCK8 and colony formation assays. Knock-down and overexpression experiments, CHX, NH4CL and Mg132 intervention experiments, Immunoprecipitation experiments, and nude mouse xenograft models were used to determine the potential mechanism by which DDR1 promotes tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo.
Results

In this study, we find that overexpression of DDR1 promotes the proliferation of HCC cells and accelerates the growth of tumor xenografts, while downregulation of DDR1 has the opposite effect. We also proved that loss or gain of DDR1 could affect the cell cycle progression of liver cancer cells. Mechanistically, DDR1 interacts with the SLC1A5 that belongs to the solute carrier (SLC) family of transporters and regulates its stability, thereby regulating the mTORC1 signaling pathway. In addition, we found that the regulation of SLC1A5 by DDR1 can be restored by lysosome inhibitors. Otherwise, we found that DDR1 was highly expressed in HCC and elevated DDR1 expression predicted shorter overall survival (OS) time for HCC patients. We further revealed that the expression of SLC1A5 was positively correlated with DDR1.In summary, our data shows that DDR1 is a tumor-promoting factor that can control cell proliferation and cell cycle by stabilizing SLC1A5 in a lysosome-dependent pathway, which provides a new treatment target for HCC.
Conclusions

This study reveals a new mechanism through which DDR1 can play the role of cancer-promoting genes in the progression of liver cancer. We also found that the expression of DDR1 is an independent prognostic indicator of OS, and the expression of DDR1 and SLC1A5 are positively correlated in clinical samples. Our findings provide a new perspective for understanding the development of HCC, which may provide new targets for the treatment and management of this challenging cancer.
Polarisation-dependent single-pulse ultrafast optical switching of an elementary ferromagnet
Authors: Hamamera Hanan , Guimarães Filipe Souza Mendes , Dias Manuel dos Santos , Lounis Samir 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The ultimate control of magnetic states of matter at femtosecond (or even faster) timescales defines one of the most pursued paradigm shifts for future information technology. In this context, ultrafast laser pulses developed into extremely valuable stimuli for the all-optical magnetisation reversal in ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic alloys and multilayers, while this remains elusive in elementary ferromagnets. Here we demonstrate that a single laser pulse with sub-picosecond duration can lead to the reversal of the magnetisation of bulk nickel, in tandem with the expected demagnetisation. As revealed by realistic time-dependent electronic structure simulations, the central mechanism is ultrafast light-induced torques acting on the magnetisation, which are only effective if the laser pulse is circularly polarised on a plane that contains the initial orientation of the magnetisation. We map the laser pulse parameter space enabling the magnetisation switching and unveil rich intra-atomic orbital-dependent magnetisation dynamics featuring transient inter-orbital non-collinear states. Our findings open further perspectives for the efficient implementation of optically-based spintronic devices.
Selection Strategy of Rational Zones for Installation of Photovoltaic Solar Panels in Algeria.
Authors: Aman Bouzid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study concerns the first phase of the project to install solar panels in Algeria. The sites enjoy one of the most sunshine in the world, the Saharan region must be the spearhead in the development of energy which, moreover, with an abundant potential still under-exploited, photovoltaics constitute a formidable opportunity for the economic development of the region. In the perspective of a transition to "green energy" and in order to promote the emergence of solar energy in Algeria, a reflection on the development strategies of this energy must be combined with the strong challenges of the region, namely, the preservation of biodiversity, ecological continuities, as well as landscapes, the maintenance of agricultural land and forest areas and the fight against climate change. In this context, the contribution envisaged with this work is to contribute to the identification of a set of sites with high solar potential that can accommodate solar power plants.
Reconstruction and Repairment with Mini- Plate and Bone Graft for HIV Positive Patients of Giant Cell Tumor of Long Bone: Retrospective Analysis of A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Xu Biao , Ma Rui , Wang Jie , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Changsong , Zhang Wensheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the effect of reconstruction and repairment with mini- plate and bone graft for HIV positive patients of giant cell tumor of long bone.
Methods

This research retrospectively analyzed 12 HIV positive patients with giant cell tumor of long bone, 11 male and 1 female, with a age range 16 to 68 years old (43.5 years old on average) were included. There were 5 cases of proximal tibia,3 cases of distal femur, 2 case of distal tibia, and 2 case of talus. From June 2012 to August 2020, curettage by ultrasonic scalpel were performed in all patients, combined with min- plate and bone graft treatment. All patients were followed up for 18–60 months. Limb function was evaluated by MSTS93 scoring system, and postoperative recurrence and distant metastasis, complications, MSTS93 score and fracture prognosis were observed.
Results

No local recurrence and pulmonary metastases was observed. After surgery, all the 12 patients showed good bone morphologic repair and reconstruction, good bone healing, good joint function, and no pathological fracture around the lesion. One case of giant cell tumor of proximal tibia showed mild articular surface collapse, and mild valgus deformity of knee joint, but good joint function. The MSTS93 score of the patients 6 months after the operation was 24–27 points (24.5 ± 1.08), with a significant difference (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Reconstruction and repairment with mini- plate and bone graft for HIV positive patients of giant cell tumor of long bone has achieved satisfactory results. The mini- plate takes up little space and is flexible for reconstruction and fixation, significantly reducing complications such as surgical site infection, preserving joint function and avoiding amputation. It is a safe and effective treatment method.
Study protocol and baseline characteristics of newly induced dialysis patients: a prospective multi-center cohort study with biological sample bank, the Ibaraki Dialysis Initiation Cohort Study (iDIC Study)
Authors: Tawara-Iida Takashi , Usui Joichi , Ebihara Itaru , Ishizu Takashi , Kobayashi Masaki , Maeda Yoshitaka , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Kobayashi Tokuro , Ueda Atsushi , Tsuchida Makoto , Sakai Shinichiro , Yamagata Kunihiro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) face higher risk of life-threatening event including cardiovascular disease. Various risk factors have identified as an agent influencing their life prognosis. The study's purpose was to evaluate the risk factors related to the outcomes of Japanese patients with dialysis induction. In this brief report, we present this cohort study protocol and the baseline characteristics. Methods: Ibaraki Dialysis Initiation Cohort Study, iDIC Study, is a prospective multi-center cohort study in collaboration with 60 facilities in Ibaraki prefecture, Japan. We collected baseline data from clinical records, blood and urine samples in diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephrosclerosis and chronic glomerulonephritis Results: Sixty tertiary care institutions participated in the iDIC study, and 636 entries were analyzed. In this brief report, we present the baseline data of the entries in a comparison with the data of other similar cohort studies. Of the 636 patients, 424 were males and 212 were females. The average age was 67.4±13.1 years old. As the primary kidney disease, 327 cases (51.4%) were diagnosed as diabetic nephropathy, 101 cases (15.9%) as hypertensive nephrosclerosis, and 114 cases (17.9%) as chronic glomerulonephritis. The average serum creatinine value was 9.1 ± 2.9 mg/dL, and the average estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 5.6 ± 1.8 mL/min/1.73m2. Conclusion: We presented the study protocols and baseline characteristics of iDIC Study. Regarding as clinical characteristics of newly induced dialysis patients, the same trend was observed in the other cohort studies. Another study is underway to explore prognostic factors based on the iDIC Study's findings.
Radiation Dose Reduction During Adrenal Vein Sampling Using a New Angiographic Noise Reduction Imaging Technology
Authors: Spink Clemens , Avanesov Maxim , Lenz Alexander , Henes Frank Oliver , Well Lennart , Schmidt Thomas , Grass Michael , Adam Gerhard , Ittrich Harald , Bannas Peter 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the patient radiation doses during angiographic selective adrenal vein sampling (AVS) before and after a noise reduction imaging technology upgrade.Methods: In this retrospective single-center-study, cumulative air kerma (AK), cumulative dose area product (DAP), fluoroscopy time and contrast agent dosage were recorded from 70 patients during AVS. 35 procedures were performed before and 35 after a noise reduction imaging processing technology upgrade. Mean values were calculated and compared using an unpaired student’s t-test. DSA image quality was assessed independently by two blinded readers using a four-point Likert scale (1=poor; 4=excellent) and compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results: After the technology upgrade we observed a significant reduction of 35% in AK (1.7±0.7 vs. 1.1±0.7 Gy, p=0.01) and a significant reduction of 28% in DAP (235.1±113 vs. 170.1±94 Gy*cm2, p=0.01) in comparison to procedures before the upgrade. There were no significant differences between the number of exposure frames (143±86 vs. 132±61frames, p=0.53), fluoroscopy time (42±23 vs. 36±18 min, p=0.22), or the amount of contrast medium used (179.5±84 vs. 198.1±109 ml, p=0.41). There was also no significant difference regarding image quality (3 (2-4) vs. 3 (2-4), p=0.67). ​Conclusion: The angiographic noise reduction imaging technology upgrade significantly decreases the radiation dose during adrenal vein sampling without increasing time of fluoroscopy or contrast volume and without compromising image quality.
Interpretable Machine Learning for Early Neurological Deterioration Prediction in Atrial Fibrillation-Related Stroke
Authors: Kim Seong Hwan , Jeon Eun-Tae , Yu Sungwook , O Kyungmi , Kim Chi Kyung , Song Tae-Jin , Kim Yong-Jae , Heo Sung Hyuk , Park Kwang-Yeol , Kim Jeong-Min , Park Jong-Ho , Choi Jay Chol , Park Man-Seok , Kim Joon-Tae , Choi Kang-Ho , Hwang Yang Ha , Kim Bum Joon , Chung Jong-Won , Bang Oh Young , Kim Gyeongmoon , Seo Woo-Keun , Jung Jin-Man 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We aimed to develop a novel prediction model for early neurological deterioration (END) based on an interpretable machine learning (ML) algorithm for atrial fibrillation (AF)-related stroke and to evaluate the prediction accuracy and feature importance of ML models. Data from multi-center prospective stroke registries in South Korea were collected. After stepwise data preprocessing, we utilized logistic regression, support vector machine, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), and multilayer perceptron models. We used the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method to evaluate feature importance. Of the 3,623 stroke patients, the 2,363 who had arrived at the hospital within 24 hours of symptom onset and had available information regarding END were included. Of these, 318 (13.5%) had END. The LightGBM model showed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.778, 95% CI, 0.726 - 0.830). The feature importance analysis revealed that fasting glucose level and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score were the most influential factors. Among ML algorithms, the LightGBM model was particularly useful for predicting END, as it revealed new and diverse predictors. Additionally, the SHAP method can be adjusted to individualize the features’ effects on the predictive power of the model.
Genetically Encoded Dihydroxyphenylalanine Coupled with Tyrosinase for Strain Promoted Labeling
Authors: George Augustine , Indhu Mohan , Ashokraj Sundarapandian , Shanmugam Ganesh , Ganesan Ponesakki , Kamini Numbi Ramudu , Niraikulam Ayyadurai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The newly developed molecular biology approach expanding the genetic code was used to incorporate the non-canonical amino acid dihydroxyphenylalanine for fine-tuning of proteins. Further, the congener protein was enzymatically converted to form quinone for strain promoted click chemistry. The reaction yields a single product with defined stereochemistry and temporally controlled conjugation with bicyclonon[6.1.0]-4-yne (BCN) as well as dibenzocyclooctyne-PEG-Fluor 545. The promising bioconjugation of congener protein with dibenzocyclooctyne-PEG-Fluor 545 was used as a fluorescent marker for selective cell imaging and detection of programmed cell death in EAhy926 cells.