bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study on Microwave Absorbing Heating Characteristics and Microwave Deicing Performance of Airport Pavement Modified Concrete
Authors: Huang He , Xu Jinyu , Liu Junliang , Chen Haowen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the airport pavement concrete has been taken as the main research object, three kinds of absorbing materials, namely silicon carbide (SiC), iron oxide (Fe3O4) and graphite, have been respectively mixed into the concrete, and an open microwave testing system has been established. Based on this system, the basic mechanical properties, microwave heating characteristics, microwave deicing effect and its influencing factors of modified concrete are systematically studied. In addition, a comparative analysis of the influence mechanism of different absorbing materials on the strength and absorbing performance of pavement concrete is carried out. The results showed that the addition of SiC, Fe3O4, and graphite could effectively enhance the microwave effect of pavement concrete, and the more the addition, the more obvious the improvement. Furthermore, under the same mixing amount, the degree of improvement of microwave deicing performance of each absorbing material from large to small is graphite, Fe3O4, SiC. However, the addition of graphite will form several weak links in concrete, thereby reducing its overall mechanical properties. SiC can slightly improve the mechanical properties of pavement concrete, but it has no significant effect on the microwave absorption properties. With the addition of Fe3O4, the strength of concrete changes little, and the effect of microwave absorbing heating and microwave deicing is remarkable. In general, the comprehensive performance of microwave deicing of Fe3O4 modified concrete is optimal. This study has high scientific and practical significance, and can be widely applied to deicing projects on airports and high-grade highways.
M-CSF-Stimulated CD11b+ Myeloid Cells Induce Alopecia Areata in C3H/HeJ Mice
Authors: Li Yunyuan , Kilani Ruhangiz T. , Alamdaran Rana , Shokravi Arveen , Ghahary Aziz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune skin disease with clinical features of hair loss and skin inflammation. It is unclear whether other immune cells except T lymphocytes are also involved in the development of AA. Here, our results reveal that dermal injection of either CD11b+ myeloid cells isolated from AA-affected skin or non-AA splenocyte-derived CD11b+ cells treated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) induces AA in C3H/HeJ mice. The functional similarity of these cells in induction of AA seems to be due to a higher expression of M-CSF in AA affected skin. To explore the mechanism by which dermal injection of CD11b+ cells induce AA, we co-culture either AA derived skin cells or M-CSF-stimulated CD11b+ cells with naïve splenocytes. The results of splenocyte proliferation assay and immunoglobulin release in conditioned medium show a significant increase of splenocyte proliferation and IgG level in conditioned medium under both conditions as compared to controls. Most activated splenocytes induced by M-CSF-stimulated myeloid cells are B lymphocytes. B cell activation are further confirmed in AA-affected skin and skin draining lymph nodes of AA mice. In conclusion, in this study, we have provided evidence that M-CSF stimulated CD11b+ cells are able to induce AA in C3H/HeJ mice through a possible mechanism by activating B lymphocytes. This finding may provide insight for understanding the pathogenesis of AA.
Improving the Effects of Salt Stress by β -carotene and Gallic Acid Using Increasing Antioxidant Activity and Regulating Ion Uptake in Lepidium Sativum L.
Authors: Babaei Marziyeh , Shabani Leila , shahraki shahla hashemi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Plant growth, physiological and biochemical processes are severely affected by soil salinity. In the present study, toward investigating the interaction of antioxidants and salt stress in Lepidium sativum seedlings, two antioxidants (β-carotene and gallic acid) were sprayed on the plants. Results: The findings revealed that total dry and fresh weight were adversely affected by 25 mM NaCl salinity stress. Moreover, K+ content decreased while Na+ content increased significantly. The application of β-carotene and gallic acid significantly improved tolerance to salt stress by regulating ion uptake, reducing H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as increasing enzymatic antioxidant activity and phenolic, glutathione, and chlorophyll content. Conclusions: Our findings are indicative of β-carotene and gallic acid in the induction of salt tolerance in economically important crops.
Cellular Distribution of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 Like Immunoreactivities in Frontal Cortex and Corpus Callosum of Normal and Lipopolysaccharide Treated Animal
Authors: Shi Xue , Gong Xinrui , Xiong Huangui , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various neurological and/or psychiatric diseases. Tissue or cellular expression of CCL2, in normal or pathological condition, may play an essential role in recruiting of monocytes or macrophages into the targeted organs, and be involved in a certain pathogenic mechanism. However, only a few studies focused on tissue and cellular distribution of the CCL2 peptide in the brain’s grey and white matters (GM, WM), and the changes of the GM and WM cellular CCL2 level in septic or endotoxic encephalopathy was not explored. Hence, the CCL2 cellular distribution in the front brain cortex and the corpus callosum (CC) WM was investigated in the present work by using immunofluorescent staining. Results: 1) Normally, CCL2 like immunoreactivity (CCL2-ir) in the CC is significantly higher than the cortex, especially when the measurement includes ependymal layer attached to the CC. 2) Structures surrounding the vasculatures contribute major CCL2-ir positive profiles in both GM and WM, but significantly more in the CC WM, in which they are bilaterally distributed and predominantly located in the lateral CC between the cingulate cortex and the lateral ventricles. 3) Following systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the number of neuron-like CCL2-ir positive cells are increased significantly in the cortex, but not in the CC. 4) More CCL2-ir positive elements are accumulated inside microvasculature like structures in the CC WM, compared to those found in the cortex following systemic LPS. 5) Few macrophage/microglia marker-Iba-1 labeled structures exhibit CCL2-ir in normal cortex and CC, but the co-localization is significantly increased following systemic LPS. 6) Following saline or LPS injection, CCL2-ir and GFAP or Iba-1 double labeled structures are observed within the ependymal layer between the lateral ventricles and the CC. No accumulation of neutrophils was detected.Conclusion: there exist differences in the cellular distribution of the CCL2 peptide in the front brain cortex GM and the subcortical WM - the CC, in both the physiological condition and experimental endotoxemia. Which might cause different pathological change in the GM and WM.
11C-metomidate PET CT versus Adrenal Vein Sampling for diagnosing surgically curable primary aldosteronism: prospective test validation, and impact of somatic genotype and ethnicity on outcomes
Authors: Wu Xilin , Senanayake Russell , Goodchild Emily , Bashari Waiel , Salsbury Jackie , Cabrera Claudia , Argentesi Giulia , O'Toole Samuel , Matson Matthew , Koo Brendan , Parvanta Laila , Hilliard Nick , Kosmoliaptsis Vasilis , Marker Alison , Berney Daniel , Wen Wilson Tan Lek , Foo Roger , Mein Charles , Wozniak Eva , Savage Emmanuel , Sahdev Anju , Bird Nicholas , Laycock Kate , Boros Istvan , Hader Stefan , Warnes Victoria , Gillett Dan , Dawnay Anne , Adeyeye Elizabeth , Prete Alessandro , Taylor Angela , Arlt Wiebke , Bhuva Anish , Aigbirhio Franklin , Manisty Charlotte , McIntosh Alasdair , McConnachie Alex , Cruickshank J. Kennedy , Cheow Heok , Gurnell Mark , Drake William , Brown Morris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Primary aldosteronism (PA) due to a unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is a common, curable cause of hypertension, but invasive methods of diagnosis and treatment contribute to <1% of patients being offered the chance of cure. The primary objective of our prospective within-patient study in 143 patients with PA was to compare accuracy of 11C-metomidate (MTO) PET-CT scanning with adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in predicting biochemical cure from PA and resolution of hypertension. Secondary outcomes addressed heterogeneity of underlying pathogenesis and prediction of patients most likely to achieve complete cure of hypertension. 128 patients reached 6-9 month follow-up. 77/78 surgical patients achieved one or more of the four hierarchically analysed Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) criteria for biochemical and clinical success. MTO was not superior to AVS but all four differences in accuracy favored MTO, with 95% CIs >-17%, the pre-specified margin of non-inferiority. The best univariate predictors of complete clinical cure were home systolic blood pressure (SBP) <135 mmHg after one month of spironolactone 100 mg daily (odds ratio 13.0 (3.72, 45.24) p<0.001) and KCNJ5 genotype of the APA (odds ratio 10.37 (2.50, 42.99) p=0.001). The latter remained significant in logistic regression on age, gender, ethnicity, and was itself predicted by elevated urine 18-hydroxycortisol:cortisol ratio. Our findings validate 11C-metomidate PET-CT for accurate, non-invasive detection of patients with unilateral PA, and identify patients most likely to benefit from adrenalectomy.
Response of OCT Biomarkers Based on New Diabetic Macular Edema Classification TCED-HFV to Anti-VEGF Therapy and Its Prognostic Role in Vision Benefits
Authors: Yan Meng , Wang Wenying , Zheng Zhaoxia , Li Lu , Zhang Duo , Zhang Lina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction. To investigate the association between OCT biomarkers and visual prognosis, based on TCED-HFV,and to explore whether these biomarkers have predictive value in visual prognosis of DME patients.Methods. The retrospective study included 166 eyes from 122 DME patients, who received 3 initial monthly intravitreal injections followed by PRN dosing. Results. The significant improvement of BCVA, as well as statistical decrement of CMT and HF, could be observed(p < 0.001, P=0.023, P=0.002, respectively). The BCVA in early and advanced DME is significantly better than that in severe DME in baseline (P=0.027, P=0.009, respectively) and 1 year (P=0.017, P=0.030, respectively). The broken EZ/ELM was generally accompanied by the existence of SF (P=0.032). The presence of DRIL and persistence SF were associated with negative visual effects (P＜0.001, P=0.045, respectively). At month 12 the mean BCVA was significantly improved in both intact and disrupted EZ/ELM groups (P=0.023, P=0.033, respectively). The number of the DME patients with ERM increases after treatment (P＜0.001).Conclusions. Intact EZ/ELM, the absence of DRIL and ERM might contribute to better response in patients. The persistence SF was a negative factor. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy was associated with ERM development and progression. It is not objective to consider only the OCT biomarkers but not the stages, and the indicators of different stages should be studied separately.
A Facile Synthesis of PbS-G QDs Nanocomposite as Electrode Material With Enhanced Energy Density for High Performance Supercapattery Application
Authors: Suganya G. , Arivanandhan M. , Gopalakrishnan Kalpana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Bare PbS QDs and PbS-GQDs nanocomposite were prepared by chemical methods for supercapattery application and characterized by suitable analytical techniques confirming the formation of PbS-GQDs nanocomposite. The electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrodes showed that the PbS-GQDs nanocomposite exhibited high specific capacity, energy and power densities of 577.94 C g-1 , 166.45 Wh kg-1 and 576.01 W kg-1 respectively at 2 A g-1 compared to that of bare PbS QDs. The enhanced electrochemical performance of PbS-GQDs can be associated with the conductive platform provided by synergistic effect of GQDs. The nonlinearity in charge and discharge curves confirms the supercapattery behaviour of the nanocomposite. Also, PbS-G QDs nanocomposite electrode showed highly cyclic stability compared to bare PbS QDs after 5000 cycles. The results emphasize the potential of PbS-G QDs nanocomposite as a stable active electrode material for energy storage application.
Vaccination Strategy for the COVID-19 Pandemic in Early 2021 Based on Differences in People's Behavior Between Tokyo and Osaka, Japan
Authors: Yasuda Hidenori , ITO Fuyu , HANAKI Ken-ichi , SUZUKI Kazuo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: During the fourth COVID-19 wave in Japan, a marked difference was apparent in the scale of the epidemic between Metropolitan Tokyo in eastern Japan and Osaka prefecture in western Japan.Methods: Public epidemic data were analyzed, with performance of mathematical simulations using simplified SEIR models.Results: The increase in the number of infected persons per 100,000 population during the fourth wave of expansion was greater in Osaka than in Tokyo. The basic reproduction number in Osaka was greater than in Tokyo. Particularly, the number of infected people in their 20s increased during the fourth wave: the generation-specific reproduction number of people in their 20s was higher than people of other generations. Both Tokyo and Osaka had strong correlation between the increase in the number of infected people and the average number of people using the main downtown stations at night. Simulations showed vaccination of people in their 60s and older reduced the number of infected people among the high-risk elderly population in the fourth wave. However, age-specific vaccination of people in their 20s reduced the number of infected people more than vaccination of people in their 60s and older.Conclusions: Differences in the epidemic between Tokyo and Osaka are explainable by different behaviors of the most socially active generation. When vaccine supplies are adequate, priority should be assigned to high-risk older adults, but if vaccine supplies are scarce, simulation results suggest consideration of vaccinating specific groups among whom the epidemic is spreading rapidly.
Senescent Phenotype of Astrocytes Leads to Microglia Activation and Neuronal Death
Authors: Zhang You Wen , Yang Xuehan , Liu Jingyue , Pan Yichen , Zhang Ming , Chen Li 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Astrocyte, the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system, is increasingly recognized and is thought to depend on curial and diverse roles in maintaining brain homeostasis, the blood-brain barrier, ion homeostasis, secrete neurotrophic factors and regulate synaptic transmission which is essential to tune individual-to-network neuronal activity. Senescence in astrocytes has been discovered to be an important contributor to several age-related neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. However, the latest research about astrocytes from aged subjects or aged astrocytes in vitro is not yet adequate to be well elucidated on their curial process in the regulation of brain function. In this study, an in vitro cell model of aged astrocytes was constructed by serial passaging until passage 20-25, and those passages within 1-5 were used as young astrocytes. Meanwhile, oxidative induced astrocyte senescence model was also constructed by H2O2 induction. Our results indicate that after serial passaging or oxidative stress-induced astrocytes, all showed manifest changes in several established markers of cellular senescence like P53, P21, the release of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and SA-β-gal positive cells. Results also showed mitochondrial dysfunction in the oxidative stress-induced astrocyte senescence model and treatment of berberine could reverse these alterations. What’s more interests us is that those two types of senescent astrocytes’ conditioned medium co-cultured with neuronal cells could do impact on neuron apoptosis no matter in direct or indirect ways. This study may help us better understand the fundamental role of astrocyte senescence on the regulation of normal and pathological brain aging.
Population Genetic Structure of Neoschoengastia Gallinarum in China Based on Mitochondrial DNA Markers
Authors: Tao Jia-Meng , Ashram Saeed-EI , Zhang Yuan , Weng Ya-Biao , Lin Rui-Qing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Neoschoengastia gallinarum is a widespread agricultural pest in China.The larvae of N. gallinarum are parasitic on the body surface of poultry. Performance, carcass quality, and normal marketing of mite infected broilers are severely affected by pruritus and pockmark lesions on the body surface. In China, N. gallinarum research has primarily focused on occurrence regularity, biology, and control methods. The genetic structure, variation, and genetic relationship between the N. gallinarum populations in China are still unclear.Methods: Genetic variations and structure among populations of N. gallinarum was examined and analyzed based on the nucleotide sequences of a 1522 nt variable region of the mitochondrial tandem genes (COI, COII, and ND5) among 4 populations from 7 collection sites in southern China.Results: A total of 192 individuals in 4 populations were analyzed. The tandem genes sequences were aligned, and 75 haplotypes were detected, 4 of these shared between populations. The range of haplotype diversity was from 0.860 (FJ) to 0.978 (GX). The pairwise FST values among populations were higher (0.096-0.551).The haplotype network mediation map and phylogenetic tree showed that the haplotypes were divided into two clade, Which did not completely follow the distribution rule of geographical populations. The AMOVA result showed that the percentage of variation within populations (72.94%) was higher than that among populations (27.06%). Neutral test and mismatch analysisrevealed that N. gallinarum had not experienced an obvious population expansion in recent historical periods, and the population size was relatively stable.Conclusions: The N. gallinarum population showed high genetic diversity based on mitochondrial tandem genes analysis and strong ecological adaptability. Despite the fact that geogrphic isolation causes certain genetic differentiation among populations, N. gallinarum high gene flow among populations as a result of human trade activities, and there was no obvious geographical genetic structure.
Knockout of High-Mobility Group Box 1 in B16F10 Melanoma Cells Induced Host Immunity-Mediated Suppression of In Vivo Tumor Growth
Authors: Yokomizo Kanako , Waki Kayoko , Ozawa Miyako , Yamamoto Keiko , Ogasawara Sachiko , Yano Hirohisa , Yamada Akira 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been reported as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that is released from damaged or dead cells and induces inflammation and subsequent innate immunity. However, the role of HMGB1 in the anti-tumor immunity is unclear since inflammation in the tumor microenvironment also contributes to tumor promotion and progression. In the present study, we established HMGB1-knockout clones from B16F10 and CT26 murine tumors by genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and investigated the role of HMGB1 in anti-tumor immunity. We found that 1) knockout of HMGB1 in the tumor cells suppressed in vivo, but not in vitro, tumor growth, 2) the suppression of the in vivo tumor growth was mediated by CD8 T cells, and 3) infiltration of CD8 T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells into the tumor tissues was accelerated in HMGB1-knockout tumors. These results demonstrated that knockout of HMGB1 in tumor cells converted tumors from poor infiltration of immune cells called “cold” to “immune-inflamed” or “hot” and inhibited in vivo tumor growth mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Infiltration of immune cells to the tumor microenvironment is an important step in the series known as the cancer immunity cycle. Thus, manipulation of tumor-derived HMGB1 might be applicable to improve the clinical outcomes of cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockades and cancer vaccine therapies.
Prognostic Value of Immunotherapy-induced Organ Inflammation Assessed on 18FDG PET in Patients With Metastatic Non–small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: HUMBERT Olivier , BAUCKNEHT Matteo , GAL Jocelyn , PAQUET Marie , CHARDIN David , RENER David , SCHIAZZA Aurelie , GENOVA Carlo , SCHIAPPA Renaud , ZULLO Lodovica , ROSSI Giovanni , MARTIN Nicolas , HUGONNET Florent , DARCOURT Jacques , MORBELLI Silvia , OTTO Josiane 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeWe evaluated the prognostic value of immunotherapy-induced organ inflammation observed on 18FDG PET in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPI).MethodsData from patients with IIIB/IV NSCLC included in two different prospective trials were analyzed. 18FDG PET/CT exams were performed at baseline (PETBaseline) and repeated after 7-8 weeks (PETInterim1) and 12-16 weeks (PETInterim2) of treatment, using iPERCIST for tumor response evaluation. The occurrence of abnormal organ 18FDG uptake, deemed to be due to ICPI-related organ inflammation, was collected.ResultsExploratory cohort (Nice, France): PETinterim1 and PETinterim2 revealed the occurrence of at least one ICPI-induced organ inflammation in 72.8% of patients, including: midgut/hindgut inflammation (33.7%), gastritis (21.7%), thyroiditis (18.5%), pneumonitis (17.4%), and other organ inflammations (9.8%). iPERCIST tumor response was associated with improved Progression Free Survival (p<0.001). iPERCIST tumor response and immuno-induced gastritis assessed on PET were both associated with improved Overall Survival (OS) (p<0.001 and p=0.032). Combining these two independent variables, we built a model predicting patients 2-year OS with a sensitivity of 80.3% and a specificity of 69.2% (AUC=72.7).Validation cohort (Genova, Italy): Immuno-induced gastritis (19.6% of patients) was associated with improved OS (p=0.04). The model built previously predicted 2-years OS with a sensitivity and specificity of 72.0% and 63.6% (AUC=70.7) and 3-years OS with a sensitivity and specificity of 69.2% and 80.0% (AUC= 78.2).Conclusion﻿Immuno-induced gastritis revealed by early interim 18FDG PET in around 20% of patients with NSCLC treated with ICPI, is a novel and reproducible imaging biomarker of improved OS.
Analytical and Experimental Investigation on Cutting Force in Longitudinal-Torsional Coupled Rotary Ultrasonic Machining Zirconia Ceramics
Authors: Chen Fan , Bie Wenbo , Chang Yingli , Zhao Bo , Wang Xiaobo , Zhang Yuemin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ceramics and other hard-and-brittle materials are very effectively processed by longitudinal-torsional coupled rotary ultrasonic machining (LTC-RUM). However, the cutting force evolution and the effects of processing parameters on the material removal mechanism in LTC-RUM need to be clarified for machining optimization. This paper proposes a cutting force model of the LTC-RUM of zirconia ceramics via the brittle material removal mechanism. Firstly, the kinematic analysis of a single abrasive grain was performed, with further consideration of the material removal volume, the effective contact time, and the impact force per one ultrasonic vibration cycle. Then, the longitudinal-torsional coupled vibration of the core tool was analyzed from the standpoint of wave energy conversion. The analytical model was finalized and experimentally verified by LTC-RUM tests. The cutting force curves predicted via the proposed model were in good agreement with the experimental results. The results obtained are considered instrumental in predicting the effects of processing parameters on cutting force during LTC-RUM of ceramics and their further optimization.