bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific features of the adhesion process of the abdominal cavity in children with different degrees of connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Minaev Sergey V. , Timofeev Sergey I. , Grigorova Alina N. , Vladimirova Oksana V. , Pashneva Elena I. , Kolesnikov Evgeniy G. 
Published: April 2021

Aim. To assess adhesions of the abdominal cavity in children with varying degrees of connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) severity.
Methods. A total of 91 children with average age of 10.6 1.4 years were observed from 2005 to 2019. Composed of 53 boys (58.2%) and 38 girls (41.8%). Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (69 children without CTD) and group 2 (22 children with CTD). Clinical data and screening cards were used to diagnose DST. All patients underwent an assessment for the clinical course, a macroscopic visual assessment adhesive process severity in the abdominal cavity according to three different scales (Nair, F. Coccolini, N.I. Ayushinova). Immunohistochemistry was performed against collagen I, III, IV type, Laminin 1, angiogenesis factors, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-), and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1). A semi-quantitative counting method was used to record the relative number of immunopositive structures. Statistical analysis was carried out by methods of variation statistics using the Chi-square test and MannWhitney U-tests, as well as the Spearman rank correlation method for the reliability of differences between groups.
Results. In the adhesive process visualization, the N.I. Ayushinov scale was revealed to be the most informative, showing the average score of 7 0.8 points in group 2 and 14 1.2 in group 1 (rs 0.35; p 0.05). In group 2, the adhesive material showed no (56%) or chaotic fragments (44%) of type I collagen, and the ratio of type I to type III collagen is 2.7: 5.1. In group 1, the ratio of type I to type III collagen is 5.9:1.8. The ratio of collagen IV to type I is 6.5: 2.9. Both groups have a moderate (++) amount of TGF-. TGF- is positive with macrophages. FGFR1 was found in the control group (++++). A positive response was seen in fibroblasts and macrophages (U = 79.00; p = 0.006). Statistically significant analyzes of vascular endothelial growth factor in compared groups (rs = 0.632, p 0.001) had a positive correlation..
Conclusion. Thus, the study showed features of clinical course and morphological changes during the development of adhesions in the abdominal cavity in children with varying degrees of severity of CTD. Data obtained dictate the need for an individual approach in predicting adhesive disease, as well as targeted preventive care.
A semi-empirical method for simulating strong ground motions based on variable-slip rupture models for large earthquakes
Authors: Dan Kazuo , Sato Toshiaki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVariable-slip rupture models for large earthquakes, obtained by the source inversion of long-period (&gt;4 sec) seismic waves, are taken into account in a semi-empirical method for simulating broadband (&lt; about 10 sec) strong ground motions. The high-frequency (&gt;0.25 Hz) source spectrum of the (p, q)th subfault is inferred by the θ−2 mode with two circular corner frequencies. The first is ωDpq = Vpq/Dpq, due to the temporal integration of the slip-velocity time function, where Vpq is the maximum slip velocity and Dpq is the final slip. The other is ωSpq = 2βpq/λpq, due to the spacial integration of the slip-velocity time function on the subfault, where βpq is the S-wave velocity of the medium and λpq is the equivalent radius of the subfault. Here, Vpq, Dpq, βpq, and λpq are specified by the long-period source-inversion results.First, we describe this new method by applying it to the variable-slip rupture model for the 1985 Michoacan, Mexico, earthquake of MS 8.1 obtained by Mendoza and Hartzell (1989). The simulated accelerations and velocities at CAL (Caleta de Campos) and VIL (La Villita), both located above the ruptured zone, are in good agreement with the observed ones. Next, the method is applied to the variable-slip rupture model for the 1923 Kanto, Japan, earthquake of MS 8.2 obtained by Wald and Somerville (1995). This earthquake is one of the most important earthquakes for the mitigation of earthquake disaster in the Tokyo metropolitan area; unfortunately, strong-motion records for this earthquake were off-scaled in the region of strong shaking and significant damage. The pseudo-velocity response spectrum of the simulated acceleration of TOK (Tokyo JMA) averages 60 cm/sec in the period range of 0.5 to 10 sec and is consistent with that of the Kanto earthquake record observed at HNG (Hongo, Tokyo), whose off-scaled parts were restored as well as possible by Yokota et al. (1989). The instrumental JMA seismic intensities (JMA, 1996) of the simulated accelerations at TOK and YOK (Yokohama JMA) are consistent with the observed JMA seismic intensity 6 (JMA, 1983). The instrumental JMA seismic intensity of the simulated accelerations at KNS (soil site in Odawara) is also consistent with the JMA seismic intensity 7, estimated from the ratio of collapsed houses (Mononobe, 1925). The simulated broadband (0.1 to 10 sec) motions will be useful in the mitigation of earthquake disaster in the Tokyo metropolitan area.
Rupture depths and source processes of the 1997-1998 earthquake sequence in central Italy
Authors: Olivieri Marco , Ekström Göran 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The focal depths and the rupture processes of four moderate earthquakes, which occurred in central Italy during 1997 and 1998, are investigated using broadband teleseismic data. The earthquakes, the largest with MW = 6.0, caused significant damage in the epicentral area and are part of an unusual sequence of moderate-sized earthquakes to strike the central Apennines. For three of the events, the waveforms are found to be consistent with seismic ruptures confined to the top 5 to 7 km of the crust. Directivity effects are evident in the waveforms of the largest earthquake, and waveform inversion suggests an upward rupture with a horizontal component oriented toward the north. One earthquake (MW = 5.2) is confirmed from waveform modeling to have occurred at 50 km depth. This is the first event of this magnitude to have been located in the mantle beneath the Apennines.
Study of awareness of diabetic retinopathy and its implications among diabetic patients visiting at a tertiary eye care center
Authors: Hemalatha BC  , Kalpana BN  , Shilpa YD  , Ravi B  , Sulakod Keerti S , Tumbadi Kavitha L 
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the awareness of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between from 2017 to 2019. The analysis was based on a representative sample of 624 adult subjects. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to examine socio-demographic factors associated with the levels of awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus.In our study 624 participants interviewed, among them 62% were males. rest were females. Most of the study subjects were non-vegetarian (74%). and were illiterates (40%). In our study, 92% were of type 2 DM, among them nearly 44.7% were on multidrug treatment. About 31% were diagnosed with DM after developing systemic complications. On examination, it was found 44.1% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), 22.1 % required surgical intervention due to vision-threatening complication. Awareness regarding separate eye treatment for diabetic retinopathy was not known among 55 % of the patients. The periodicity of follow-up once treated for eye disease was poor, 74.1% being unaware. In this study majority of patients were in the advanced stage of diabetic retinopathy and associated with systemic complications. Thus educating the patients about the diabetic disease, diet and multi-organ involvement and its complications and importance of regular follow-up and how to prevent significant ocular and systemic morbidity.
Reversal of optic nerve function and visual outcome in traumatic optic neuropathy
Authors: Singh Dheerendra , Kubrey Sooraj Singh , Kumar Kavita 
Published: April 2021

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) refers to an acute injury to the optic nerve secondary to ocular trauma. The study was conducted to evaluate the visual outcome in cases of TON and to study reversal of optic nerve function after emergency ophthalmic intervention.To evaluate the visual outcome in cases of TON, study the factors affecting final visual outcome and to evaluate the optic nerve function in cases of TON.The present study was a Prospective observational study, 49 patients presented after ocular trauma in the Department of Ophthalmology, Gandhi Medical College and Associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal during January 2018 to June 2019. A detailed history was taken and examination was done. Time since injury was noted and optic nerve functions were assessed using modes such as VEP, perimetry, color vision, contrast sensitivity and presence/absence of RAPD. Partcipants were subjected to CT scan of head to assess associated injuries. The patients were managed medically by giving 5 doses of IV methylprednisolone for five days with tapering oral tablet prednisolone and observed for 3 months of followup from the initiation of treatment. All the data entered in proforma and results obtained on the basis of variables were discussed.Most common mode of injury was RTA 68.4%.VEP improved significantly following steroid. Visual recovery was observed in 37.1% patients. The present study observed statistically significant association of final visual outcome was observed with time elapsed between injury and treatment and associated skull/maxilla or orbital bone fractures.The pattern of visual recovery depends upon the visual acuity at presentation, type of injury, time elapsed between injury and initiation of treatment, associated skull or orbital fractures and patient compliance as better is the visual acuity at presentation, better is the visual recovery.
Pediatric normative Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in south Indian population
Authors: Ganekal Sunil , Ganekal Varun 
Published: April 2021

To study the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in pediatric age group and its correlation with age, gender, refractive error and axial length Prospective observational study of 200 eyes of 100 children aged between 5-18 years presenting to the ophthalmic department. All children underwent detailed ophthalmic evaluation and SD OCT examination for RNFL thickness, Standard RNFL assessment protocol was used. Mean RNFL thickness in micrometers along the whole circle circumference, four quadrants, 12’o clock hours were obtained. RNFL measurements included average/full circle thickness — RNFL-FC (360ºmeasure), temporal quadrant thickness, RNFL-T, superior quadrant thickness, RNFL-S, nasal quadrant thickness, RNFL-N, inferior quadrant thickness, RNFL-I. Mean age was 13.3 ± 2.4 years. The refractive error in spherical equivalent was -0.28 ± 0.91 dioptre (SE). The mean axial length was 23.1 ± 0.7mm. The mean global RNFL thickness (RNFL-FC) was 97.0 ± 8.8mm (range 79.4 -114.6). RNFL thickness was maximum in the inferior quadrant (RNFL-I) 126 ± 13.7mm followed in order by superior (RNFL-S) 126 ± 16.3mm, nasal (RNFL-N) 70.5 ± 12.3mm and temporal (RNFL-T) 63.4 ± 9.2mm, in both the sexes. For every increase in one diopter of spherical equivalent of refractive error the mean RNFL increased by 3.77 microns and there was a reduction in mean RNFL thickness by 4.86 micron for every 1mm increase in axial length. RNFL varied minimally with gender. Positive correlation was seen with refractive error while inverse or negative correlation was seen with axial length and age. RNFL measurements could serve as reference for further studies on pediatric glaucoma or other optic nerve head pathologies.
Association of serum lipid levels and social factors with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Study from tertiary care center of Western Maharashtra
Authors: Cardoza Namratha Judith , O K Radhakrishnan  , Desai Chaitali , Mohankumar Kavitha , Mohan Madhuvanthi 
Published: April 2021

To study the prevalence of dyslipidemia and to find out the correlation between serum lipid levels and social factors like occupation, locality(urban/rural) and education status with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were segregated into 2 categories:- First category of patients with diabetic retinopathy and second category of patients without diabetic retinopathy. Serum lipid levels of subjects were measured and social history like occupation, locality (urban/rural) and education status was taken. Observations were compared to check association between above factors and diabetic retinopathy.The prevalence of dyslipidemia was found to be 75.50%. Mean ± SD of LDL(mg/dL) in patients with diabetic retinopathy was 118.86 ± 40.58 which was significantly higher as compared to patients without diabetic retinopathy (p value=0.006). No significant association was seen in the distribution of total cholesterol(mg/dL), HDL(mg/dL), Triglyceride(mg/dL) with diabetic retinopathy (p value&#62;.05). 10% of patients with DR worked as clerks while 52% were homemakers, thus, significant association was seen in the relationship of occupation with the presence of diabetic retinopathy (p value&#60;.05). Diabetic retinopathy was more prevalent among type 2 diabetics living in urban areas (p&#60;0.0001). 16% of patients with DR had studied up to primary school while 28% of patients with DR had studied up to high school, thus significant association was seen between the education status of the patients and the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (p value&#60;.05).Elevated serum LDL levels were found to be a significant risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. Clerks and homemakers were more predisposed to diabetic retinopathy. Subjects who received education up to primary school and high school and subjects living in urban areas had significantly increased rates of diabetic retinopathy.
Effect of intravitreal bevacizumab in the uninjected fellow eye of patients treated for retinal disorders
Authors: Kumar K V Praveen , Mogra Shailesh , Reddy Sridhara , Satyasri B  , Kumar Poninder 
Published: April 2021

Elevated levels of VEGF is implicated in the pathogenesis of ocular neovascular diseases such as exudative age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, central and branch retinal vein occlusion, neovascular glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity. Bevacizumab a full-length humanized murine monoclonal antibody is being used as an off-label drug in the treatment of above disorders. When administered intravitreally, bevacizumab may have a therapeutic effect in the uninjected fellow eye. The objective of the present study is to determine the effects in the untreated fellow eye of intravitreal bevacizumab after a single dose in the contralateral affected eye in patients with similar retinal pathology. The study was a non-randomized, interventional prospective study. Thirty consecutive patients with similar retinal pathologies in both the eyes were enrolled. All patients in the study underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination including a dilated fundus examination. All patients underwent fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography of macula. All suitable patients identified were given intravitreal injections of 1.25 mg bevacizumab. The eye to be injected was selected based on the severity of pathology, affecting the macular status, as depicted by the clinical picture, visual acuity, OCT and FFA. The injections were given under topical anaesthesia. Patients were subsequently followed up on day 2, day 7 and day 21. After 4 weeks FFA and OCT were repeated. The results were tabulated and statistical analysis was done.The study included 30 eyes of 30 patients with similar retinal pathology in both the eyes the mean age of patients was 64 yrs. 10 eyes had AMD, 9 eyes had PDR, 5 eyes had CNVM, 3 eyes had CME, 2 eyes had myopic CNVM, 1 eye had CRVO. The mean visual acuity at presentation in the uninjected fellow eye was 0.69 ± 0.41 log MAR units. All patients received atleast one intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25mg in one of the affected eyes and the response was observed in the fellow eye. Among the 30 patients who received injection, 29(72.5%) patients showed some improvement in visual acuity chart after the first injection in the fellow eye and in 11(27.5%) patients vision remained same. The initial improvement was seen within one week in most patients. The mean central macular thickness in the fellow eye on OCT at baseline 515.64 + 1.
Prevalence and antibiogram of Burkholderia species isolated from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Joy Linju , K B Anita , Chitrabanu N Ashwin 
Published: April 2021

The genus which was earlier considered as a soil saprophyte, is now gaining importance as a human pathogen. The pathogenic species include , , , and . Ongoing studies on spp. have resulted in the isolation of newer subspecies from human samples. The study was undertaken to know the prevalence of spp among the clinical isolates in our hospital setup, to identify and also to evaluate their antibiogram. Various clinical samples from patients were analysed along with their demographic data. All the specimens were processed according to the standard microbiology procedures. In a total of 4115 culture positive samples, 951 (23.11%) were identified as Non Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli (NFGNB). 30 (3.2%) of these NFGNB were identified as spp. with an overall prevalence rate of 0.72%. 12 (40%) were further identified as and 18 (60%) as complex. 76.7% of the patients were above 40 years and a male preponderance was also observed (80%). Diabetes mellitus was found to be the major risk factor (60%) and fever was the commonest presentation (53.3%). Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed highest sensitivity to minocycline and cotrimoxazole and the least to imipenam. This study provides a baseline data of the present scenario of infections in our hospital. A continuing study will be beneficial in identifying a number of cases as this is a grossly under-reported organism.
A bacterial and fungal profile of sputum samples in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry
Authors: Prabha R , G Dhivya , S Pramodhini , Easow Joshy M 
Published: April 2021

The microscopic examination of gram stained sputum sample aids in diagnosis of patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Gram stain plays the key role in deciding the appropriateness of the quality of the sputum sample received in the laboratory for culture. It helps to determine the represent ativeness of the sample for the site of collection intended. This study was done to correlate gram stain findings with culture and to assess the use of Gram stain in sputum examination in diagnostic microbiology. During 2017 (July to December) a total of 133 sputum samples were quality assessed using Bartlett’s grading system. The total scoring was done and sample showing score of 1 and above were cultured and identified based on colony characteristics, gram staining morphology and biochemical reactions. One hundred and thirty-three sputum samples were collected from patients with suspected lower respiratory tract infection. Of the 133 samples, 110(79%) were accepted and 23 (21%) were found to be unacceptable by Bartlett criteria. Potential pathogens were grown in 84 samples in the acceptable category. Normal respiratory flora were grown in 26 samples. Out of 84 samples, 63 samples were positive for bacterial growth and 21 showed fungal growth. Out of 63 bacterial growth, 44 were from in-patients and 19 were from out-patients. Among these bacterial isolates, 23 isolates were followed by 16 isolates were , 10 isolates were , 6 isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, 2 isolates were species, 3 isolates were and 3 isolates were Serratia marcesens. All the sputum samples should be subjected to gram staining before culture to differentiate true pathogens from contaminating flora on culture.
The addition of Daphnia magna and Ascorbic Acid to Angelfish Feed to Improve Its Growth and Immune Response (Pterophyllum scalare)
Authors: Wiratama Titan Aji , Kusumaningdyah Dessy Amitha , Zubaidah Anis , Hermawan David , Handajani Hany 
Published: April 2021

HighlightThe growth of angelfish which supplemented D. magna enriched ascorbic acid was identified and analyzedThe survival rate of angelfish after challenge test using A. hydrophylla was identified and analyzedThe composition of ascorbic acid in D. magna was analysed using iodometry titration test D. magna that has been added ascorbic acid was analyzedAbstractAngelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) is a tropical ornamental fish in freshwater with considerable potential in the global market and promising cultivation. However, it has a slow growth. The purpose of this research was to find the impact of giving feeding variations, namely D. magna that enriched ascorbic acid on improving the angelfish growth and its immune response. The research method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using four treatments and three replications. The dosage of ascorbic acid consisted of 0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 150 mg/L. The fish was fed twice a day and applied with ad libitum. The result showed the addition of ascorbic acid had impacted its growth, and it produced SGR 2.393±0.003 %/day and challenge tests. The Survival Rate (SR) after challenge test was 79.99±1.000 %. In conclusion, the highest amount of growth and survival was treatment D (150 mg/L).
Study of Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii Explants Growth in the Different Salinity Concentrations
Authors: Aris Muhammad , Muchdar Fatma , Labenua Rusmawati 
Published: April 2021

HighlightThe best salinity for the thallus growth of K. alvarezii is 32 mg/LThe salinity indicates the osmotic balance of K. alvarezii seaweedThis osmoregulation process affects the nutrient absorption of K. alvarezii seaweedThis study aims to develop the availibility of superior seeds of K. alvareziiAbstract Kappaphycus alvarezii is one of the leading commodities in Indonesian waters. Demand for this commodity is quite high, as reflected in the increasing volume of exports each year. Fulfillment of these demands is obtained from the production of cultivation. Generally farmers get natural seaweed seedlings, namely cuttings from existing seaweed. The continuous use of seeds from nature can cause deterioration in the quality and quantity. Handling the problem of quality deterioration from seaweed seeds originating from nature, can be overcome by multiplying the seeds through tissue culture methods in vitro. In term of tissue culture techniques method, the most important thing to note is environmental parameters. An environment parameter that changes suddenly such as salinity can inhibit the growth of seaweed. Thus, this work is attampting the different salinity treatment on seaweed explants K. alvarezii. This study aims at determining (weight) the explants of K. alvarezii with a comparison of the different salinity levels in the in vitro tissue culture method. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with the different salinity treatments namely 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34 ppt. The results showed that the different salinities influenced the growth rate of K. alvarezii seaweed explants with the best explant growth at the salinity of 31 ppt, while the lowest growth value was obtained at 34 ppt