bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mussel-inspired antimicrobial coating on PTFE barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration
Authors: Nardo Tiziana , Chiono Valeria , Carmagnola Irene , Fracchia Letizia , Ceresa Chiara , Tabrizian Maryam , Ciardelli Gianluca 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration procedures to treat periodontitis lesions making use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes exhibit large variability in their surgical outcomes, due to bacterial infection following implantation. This work reports on a facile method to obtain antimicrobial coatings for such PTFE membranes, by exploiting a mussel-inspired approach and in-situ formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). PTFE films were initially coated with self-polymerized 3,4-dihydroxy-DL-phenylalanine (DOPA) (PTFE-DOPA), then incubated with AgNO3 solution. In the presence of catechol moieties, Ag+ ions reduced into Ag0, forming AgNPs of around 68 nm in the polyDOPA coating on PTFE membranes (PTFE-DOPA-Ag). The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses indicated that the AgNPs were distributed quite homogeneously in the polymeric membrane. The antimicrobial ability of PTFE-DOPA-Ag membranes against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was assessed. In vitro cell assay using NIH 3T3 fibroblasts showed that, although cells were adhered to PTFE-DOPA-Ag membranes, their viability and proliferation were limited demonstrating again the antibacterial activities of PTFE-DOPA-Ag membranes. This work provides proof-of-concept study of a new versatile approach for AgNPs coating, which may be easily applied to many other types of polymeric or metallic implants through exploiting the adhesive behavior of mussel-inspired coatings.
Invasive Phragmites provides superior wave and surge damage protection relative to native plants during storms
Authors: Sheng Y Peter , Rivera-Nieves Adail A , Zou Ruizhi , Paramygin Vladimir A , Angelini Christine , Sharp Sean J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Phragmites marshes, which are found in every continent except in Antarctica, are being removed by resource managers in the US because it is considered an invasive species with little ecosystem service value. Here we present a comprehensive study on the ecosystem service value of an invasive Phragmites marsh vs a native Typha marsh for flood protection during tropical cyclones. Using a vegetation-resolving three-dimensional surge-wave model and observed vegetation and building data, we assessed the value of the Piermont Marsh in buffering Piermont Village, New York, USA from wave, flood, and structural damage during Superstorm Sandy in October 2012. Observed and simulated wind and water level data along the Hudson River were used as boundary conditions. Model results showed that the Marsh, with predominantly invasive Phragmites australis, dissipated more than half of the wave energy, but negligible flood, at the Village during Sandy. River-borne debris could not be transported across the Marsh to the Village. If Phragmites were replaced with the shorter, native cattail, Typha angustifolia, simulations of Sandy suggested that Piermont Marsh’s wave and debris buffering capacity would be preserved. However, had Sandy occurred in non-growth season when Typha is much shorter and sparser, the Marsh would be unable to buffer the wave and debris. Simulated residential structure damage during Sandy (>$10 M) agreed well with reported losses. If the Marsh were absent, the total loss would have increased by 26%. Since damage is dependent on the storm characteristics, we estimated the protective value of the Phragmites marsh for a 1% annual chance flood and wave event to be more than $2 M. This confirms the significant value of Piermont Marsh in protecting Piermont Village from flood and wave damage. To develop a balanced restoration plan, marsh managers should consider biodiversity as well as the significant ecosystem service value of Phragmites-dominated marsh for flood protection.
Digital technologies in wine sector: Russian legislator preferences
Authors: Kudryashova Ekaterina , Casetti Michele 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Russia has revived its vitiviniculture in the beginning of XXI century. Without the burden of old regulation and established reputation the modern technologies including digital technologies could be expected to prosper here. To certain extent it happened and Russian academics and innovators have offered some digital solutions for the wine makers related to the mapping of the vineyards and crop. Still predominantly, the digital technologies in Russia are designed for the control and surveillance. The legislation on viticulture and wine making and its social environment push the technology development toward the vigilance and control of the final product rather than towards the transformation of vineyards management. The renaissance of the viticulture in Russia opens unique opportunity to make Russian vitiviniculture modern and advanced sector of economy. However, this innovative potential is still left unexploited.
Optimization of terms and rate of Puma Plus, EC application on spring wheat crops
Authors: Rendov N A , Nekrasova E V , Mozyleva S I , Lutchenkov A A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The data of three-year studies on determination of the optimal terms and rates for the herbicide Puma Plus use, EC on spring wheat crops are presented. The experiments were carried out on meadow-chernozem medium-low-humus medium-loamy soil in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region. In the variant without herbicide use, the proportion of weeds in the agrophytocenosis varied over the years from 12.9 to 19.0%, which corresponded to the average degree of infestation. Spraying of wheat crops began with the formation of 2-3 leaves in the culture and continued every 5 days. 20 days after the first period of herbicide application, 2-3 nodes were noted on wheat stalks (a variant with the last treatment period). Three herbicide rates were used – 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5 l/ha. At all treatment periods and herbicide rates, a weak level of contamination was achieved. The share of weeds was in the range of 0.1-5.8 %. Increases in the yield of wheat grain are significant for all terms and rates, which indicates the possibility of using the Puma Plus herbicide, EC from the formation of 2-3 leaves and up to the formation of 2-3 nodes on wheat stalks.
Electrotechnology in the production of phytogenic feed additives
Authors: Basarygina E M , Leshchenko G P , Leshchenko E A , Putilova T A , Torbeev I G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In various sectors of the agro-industrial complex, innovations are used to improve production efficiency. For livestock and poultry farming, innovative solutions related to feed additives are especially relevant. A valuable phytogenic additive to the feed rations of farm animals and poultry is hydroponic green fodder obtained by germinating seeds. Off-season obtaining of green forage on a hydroponic basis is associated with significant expenditures of thermal and electrical energy, in connection with which the urgent task is to reduce the energy intensity of production. To increase the energy efficiency of green fodder production, it is proposed to create the necessary conditions for the seeds to realize their potential with the help of methods and means of electrical technology, which make it possible to realize “smart” (controlled) germination and to influence the bioelectric potentials of seeds due to their electrification. As a result of the studies carried out, the maximum charge received by germinating seeds of legumes in the corona discharge field was determined. It was found that the electrification of germinating seeds promotes the activation of growth processes, an increase in the yield and quality of hydroponic green forage, and a decrease in the energy intensity of its production.
Foodnet Market: role of rural schools
Authors: Merzlyakova D R , Miroshnichenko A A , Baranov A A , Morozov V I , Samigullina G Z 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Existing directions of Foodnet market technologies development were defined. The correlation between the food culture of schoolchildren and Foodnet market development directions is considered. The role of a rural school in training personnel for Foodnet market is defined. The necessity of purposeful work for the formation of a food culture of teaching students Foodnet technologies: traditional food products; group personalized food; alternative sources of raw materials; precision agriculture; food substitutes; individual personalized food; genomics (plants and animals); durable production methods is indicated. A program of teaching students in this area was developed, including familiarity of students with technology will Foodnet, educational actions to ensure the readiness of students to make a conscious choice in favor of nutrition, a system of educational activities with teachers and parents was developed, focuses on the development of a culture of healthy eating in educational organizations. In the survey of rural students priorities in the choice of profession and knowledge of Foodnet technologies were identified.
Environmental-social barriers of the agri-food market as indicators of anthropogenic load on the agro-industrial system
Authors: Shumakova O V , Kryukova O N , Mozzherina T G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article deals with the interaction problems between man, nature and social institutions in the context of changing politics and strategy of the state in this field. Features of anthropogenic load on the agro-industrial complex were studied. The concept of barriers to entry the agri-food market, classification and types of barriers were defined. Ecological-social barriers have been investigated. The article is intended for specialists of the Ministry of agriculture and food of the Omsk oblast and local self-government bodies of regional municipalities, heads of agricultural organizations and processing enterprises, farmers, market specialists, researchers, teachers and students of agricultural universities.
Results of regulation of state agricultural companies activities in Russia
Authors: Yakovlev A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the structure of modern Russian economy state play a key role in many spheres. Agriculture is one of them. The Russian Federation is the owner of the largest agricultural companies. Russian regions are also shareholders of a few hundred join-stock companies in agriculture sphere. A big number of state agricultural companies are ineffective. One of the reasons is the existing regulation system. It’s far from ideal and generates a number of problems. They have different forms, but all lead to a low profit value or even to bankruptcy. This research is one of few scientific papers on the theme of state agricultural companies in Russia.
Rationale for the design and technological parameters of the extruder for the production of sapropel and grain feed
Authors: Morozov V V , Bogdanov K A , Smelik V A , Volkhonov M S , Kukhar V S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
It is reasonable to use extruded sapropelesern feed for increasing the productivity of farm animals. This feed supplements the animal’s body with minerals and vitamins as well as has good digestibility. It is well stored and has a low cost. The article shows the scheme of the extruder developed by the authors. It allows to prepare sapropel and grain feed. For the aim of being able to specify the necessary technological parameters of the extruder operation at the design stage, analytical dependences were deduced to determine the processing temperature of the mixture, extruder capacity and the power spent on the extrusion process. The mathematical dependences received theoretically were tested experimentally, and the maximum error does not outweigh 5%, corresponding to the required accuracy of the modelling. The article also determines the most rational modes of extruder operation.
Exploring few and single layer CrPS4 with near-field infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Neal Sabine N , O’Neal Kenneth R , Haglund Amanda V , Mandrus David G , Bechtel Hans A , Carr G Lawrence , Haule Kristjan , Vanderbilt David , Kim Heung-Sik , Musfeldt Janice L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We combine synchrotron-based near-field infrared spectroscopy and first principles lattice dynamics calculations to explore the vibrational response of CrPS4 in bulk, few-, and single-layer form. Analysis of the mode pattern reveals a C2 polar + chiral space group, no symmetry crossover as a function of layer number, and a series of non-monotonic frequency shifts in which modes with significant intralayer character harden on approach to the ultra-thin limit whereas those containing interlayer motion or more complicated displacement patterns soften and show inflection points or steps. This is different from MnPS3 where phonons shift as 1/size2 and are sensitive to the three-fold rotation about the metal center that drives the symmetry crossover. We discuss these differences as well as implications for properties such as electric polarization in terms of presence or absence of the P–P dimer and other aspects of local structure, sheet density, and size of the van der Waals gap.
Study on toughening mechanism of Ti on weld metal of high strength steel
Authors: Han Xu , Liu Zhengjun , Wu Dan , Liang Xuewei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The effect of Ti element on acicular ferrite microstructure of high strength steel weld was studied by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and EDX spectrum analysis. The results show that Ti element content in a certain range can promote the precipitation of acicular ferrite in high strength steel weld metal. The increase of Ti content in the weld makes the Ti-rich inclusions increase, which is conducive to the formation of acicular ferrite. Charpy impact test results show that with the increase of Ti content, the impact toughness of weld metal increases first and then decreases. The tensile test results show that the tensile strength of weld metal increases and the elongation decreases with the increase of Ti content. There are high density dislocations and M-A components in acicular ferrite. M-A elements hinder the crack growth and improve the impact toughness of weld metal. When the Ti content is 0.253%, the impact energy of the weld metal is 155 J at-60 °C, and the impact toughness is the best.
Tuning the thickness of graphitic nanofilms for wurtzite materials by vertical weak electric field under a certain pressure
Authors: Li Yan-Li , Hu Sanlue , Zheng Guang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Theoretical and experimental results indicate that naturally the ultrathin nanofilms of some wurtzite (WZ) semiconductors will transform into a stable nonpolar graphitelike structure from the polar surface. Normally, the thicknesses are just limited to a few atomic layers. By epitaxial tensile strain, the thickness can be extended. In this work, employing the first-principles calculations focus on WZ materials ZnO, BeO, SiC, GaN, InN and AlN, we predicted that under a certain pressure with a weak electric field, their thickness range of forming graphitic nanofilms is greatly enlarged. This research provides theoretical guidance for the synthesis of new two-dimensional (2D) structures.
The Need for Planning Permission 1: General Permitted Development Order; Local Development Orders
Authors: Bowes Ashley 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Section 57(1) of the 1990 Act provides that, subject to the provisions of the section, planning permission is required for the carrying out of any development of land. Planning permission may be granted in three main ways, namely by development order without the need for any application to be made, by a deemed grant of planning permission, or as the result of an express application for planning permission made to the local planning authority.
Practical Considerations and Testing Nuances for the Detection of Lupus Anticoagulant: Do Low Phospholipid Screen Results, Assay Type, and Test Ratio Matter?
Authors: Asakrah Saja , Davis Roger , Bhargava Parul 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Lupus anticoagulant (LA) detection requires (1) prolongation of a phospholipid (PL)–dependent clot-based screening assay, (2) noncorrection upon adding normal pooled plasma, and (3) a confirmatory PL dependency test. Paired LA assays run screening and confirmatory tests simultaneously, with their test ratio (TR) or differences used to evaluate test results. We evaluated patients whose paired testing demonstrated PL dependence suggestive of LA, yet the low PL screen was not prolonged.

Methods
Clinical and laboratory parameters are compared across (1) true positive (screen prolonged, TR positive) vs borderline (screen not prolonged, TR positive); (2) low-, moderate-, and high-TR subgroups; and (3) dilute Russell viper venom time (dRVVT) vs silica clotting time (SCT).

Results
Borderline samples are not statistically different from true positives in their rate of repeat LA positivity or association with other anti-PL antibodies. Compared with true positives, borderline dRVVT is more frequent in pregnancy, women, and younger age. Elevated activated partial thromboplastin time is more frequent in true-positive dRVVT and SCT vs borderline and with an increasing dRVVT TR. LA persistence is more frequent with an increasing SCT TR. In addition, dRVVT true positivity is more frequent with thromboembolic events, while SCT is more frequent with autoimmunity and pregnancy complications.

Conclusions
Negative low-PL screens may not necessarily lack LA. A reevaluation of the laboratory criteria for LA detection may be needed.
Impact of pharmacist-led selective audit and feedback on outpatient antibiotic prescribing for UTIs and SSTIs
Authors: Choi Patricia W , Benzer Jessica A , Coon Joel , Egwuatu Nnaemeka E , Dumkow Lisa E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Purpose
An estimated 30% of all outpatient antibiotic prescriptions in the United States are unnecessary. The Joint Commission, in 2016, implemented core elements of performance requiring antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) to expand to outpatient practice settings. A study was conducted to determine whether pharmacist-led audit and feedback would improve antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections (UTIs) and skin and soft tissue infection (SSTIs) at 2 primary care practices.

Methods
A retrospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate antibiotic prescribing for patients treated for a UTI or SSTI at 2 primary care offices (a family medicine office and an internal medicine office). The primary objective was to compare the rate of appropriate antibiotic prescribing to patients treated before implementation of a pharmacist-led audit-and-feedback process for reviewing antibiotics prescribed for UTIs and SSTIs (the pre-ASP group) and patients treated after process implementation (the post-ASP group). Total regimen appropriateness was defined by appropriate antibiotic selection, dose, duration, and therapy indication in accordance with institutional outpatient empiric therapy guidelines. Secondary objectives included comparing rates of infection-related revisits and Clostridioides difficile infection between groups.

Results
A total of 400 patients were included in the study (pre-ASP group, n = 200; post-ASP group, n = 200). The rate of total antibiotic prescribing appropriateness improved significantly, from 27.5% to 50.5% (P &lt; 0.0001), after implementation of the audit-and-feedback process. There were also significant improvements in the post-ASP group vs the pre-ASP period in the individual components of regimen appropriateness: appropriate drug (70% vs 53%, P &lt; 0.001), appropriate duration (83.5% vs 57.5%, P &lt; 0.001), and appropriate therapy indication (98% vs 94%, P = 0.041). There were no significant between-group differences in other outcomes such as rates of adverse events, treatment failure, C. difficile infection, and infection-related revisits or hospitalizations within 30 days.

Conclusion
A pharmacist-led audit-and-feedback outpatient stewardship strategy was demonstrated to achieve significant improvement in outpatient antibiotic prescribing for UTI and SSTI.
Insights into the evolutionary forces that shape the codon usage in the viral genome segments encoding intrinsically disordered protein regions
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Kaushik Rahul , Tennakoon Chandana , Uversky Vladimir N , Longhi Sonia , Zhang Kam Y J , Bhatia Sandeep 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntrinsically disordered regions/proteins (IDRs) are abundant across all the domains of life, where they perform important regulatory roles and supplement the biological functions of structured proteins/regions (SRs). Despite the multifunctionality features of IDRs, several interrogations on the evolution of viral genomic regions encoding IDRs in diverse viral proteins remain unreciprocated. To fill this gap, we benchmarked the findings of two most widely used and reliable intrinsic disorder prediction algorithms (IUPred2A and ESpritz) to a dataset of 6108 reference viral proteomes to unravel the multifaceted evolutionary forces that shape the codon usage in the viral genomic regions encoding for IDRs and SRs. We found persuasive evidence that the natural selection predominantly governs the evolution of codon usage in regions encoding IDRs by most of the viruses. In addition, we confirm not only that codon usage in regions encoding IDRs is less optimized for the protein synthesis machinery (transfer RNAs pool) of their host than for those encoding SRs, but also that the selective constraints imposed by codon bias sustain this reduced optimization in IDRs. Our analysis also establishes that IDRs in viruses are likely to tolerate more translational errors than SRs. All these findings hold true, irrespective of the disorder prediction algorithms used to classify IDRs. In conclusion, our study offers a novel perspective on the evolution of viral IDRs and the evolutionary adaptability to multiple taxonomically divergent hosts.
MaveRegistry: a collaboration platform for multiplexed assays of variant effect
Authors: Kuang Da , Weile Jochen , Kishore Nishka , Nguyen Maria , Rubin Alan F , Fields Stanley , Fowler Douglas M , Roth Frederick P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Summary
Multiplexed assays of variant effect (MAVEs) are capable of experimentally testing all possible single nucleotide or amino acid variants in selected genomic regions, generating ‘variant effect maps’, which provide biochemical insight and functional evidence to enable more rapid and accurate clinical interpretation of human variation. Because the international community applying MAVE approaches is growing rapidly, we developed the online MaveRegistry platform to catalyze collaboration, reduce redundant efforts, allow stakeholders to nominate targets and enable tracking and sharing of progress on ongoing MAVE projects.

Availability and implementation
MaveRegistry service: https://registry.varianteffect.org. MaveRegistry source code: https://github.com/kvnkuang/maveregistry-front-end.