bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empagliflozin Alleviates Diabetic Renal Tubular Lipid Accumulation and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Through AGEs-RAGE Pathway
Authors: Liu Zheng , Chen Juan , Sun Lili , Li Jianzhong , Sun Hong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are pathogenic factors of renal tubular lipid accumulation and play a negative role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibition offers strong renoprotection in the progression of DKD. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of empagliflozin (EMPA, a potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor) on AGEs-induced renal tubular lipid accumulation in both diabetic mice fed with a high-AGEs diet and AGEs-treated cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. Methods: In vivo, EMPA was used to treat db/db mice fed a high-AGEs diet or an AIN-76 basal diet. In an in vitro study, HK-2 cells were treated with AGEs-bovine serum albumin (BSA) and/or EMPA. Sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) translocation was detected by confocal microscopy. Results: EMPA reduced tubular lipid droplets and intracellular cholesterol content, as well as the expression of proteins involved in the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol in the kidneys of basal diet-fed db/db mice, high-AGEs diet-fed db/db mice and AGEs-BSA-treated HK-2 cells. AGEs-BSA loading promoted the formation of SCAP-SREBP-2 complexes and enhanced the transport of the complexes to the Golgi, but these effects were markedly inhibited by EMPA in HK-2 cells. EMPA reduced renal inflammation both in basal diet-fed db/db mice and high-AGEs diet-fed db/db mice, and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in AGEs-BSA-treated HK-2 cells. In addition, EMPA reduced the serum AGEs level in vivo and inhibited renal tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and receptor of AGEs (RAGE) expression both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions: EMPA attenuated AGEs synthesis and inhibited the AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway, thereby suppressing ER stress and inhibiting abnormal cholesterol metabolism and release of inflammatory cytokines, thus alleviating renal tubular lipid accumulation and inflammation.
Effect of VA/RA on Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Primary Duck Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Zheng Chao , Wei Wen Zhuo , Wu Yan , Liang Zhenhua , Pi Jinsong , Liu Jingbo , Zhang Hao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Vitamin A (VA) is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that contributes to the normal metabolism of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), fights infections and enhances immunity. Retinoic acid (RA) is the physiological metabolite of VA, which is increased under oxidative stress and has an important physiological function. We studied the protective mechanism of VA/RA in H2O2-induced oxidative stress in primary duck IECs. Cells were distributed into 5 groups: blank control group (CG1), positive control group (CG2), high concentration retinoic acid group (TG1) (VA:RA=1 × 10-8 M:3 × 10-8 M), equal concentration retinoic acid group (TG2) (VA:RA=2 × 10-8 M:2 × 10-8 M), and low concentration retinoic acid group (TG3) (VA:RA=3 × 10-8 M:1 × 10-8 M). The blank control group had no treatment, and the positive control group and the treatment groups were all treated with 50 μM H2O2 to induce oxidative stress. Each group had 3 replicates. RNA-Seq was used to screen differentially expressed genes, KEGG functional annotation and GO analysis were performed and the results were verified by qRT-PCR. The cell viability was quantified by the CCK-8 assay. Intestinal barrier integrity and tight junction permeability were measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER).Results: An RNA-Seq analysis showed that treatment with VA/RA altered the expression of genes involved in the cell adhesion, immune response, metabolism and cell regulation. Our results suggest that abnormal the PPARγ expression may be involved in H2O2-induced oxidative stress and in the therapeutic mechanism of VA/RA treatment. Treatment with 50 μM H2O2 significantly decreased live cell numbers compared with those in CG1. Compared with those in CG2, the cell viability and TEER in the TGs were significantly improved (P < 0.05). As the RA concentration increased, the relative expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 increased (P < 0.05). The TGs had higher expression levels of ZO-1, claudin-1 and Occludin than CG2 (P < 0.05).Conclusions: VA and its derivative RA relieve intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by H2O2, the PPAR and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway may participate these proses.
Association Between Duration of Return of Spontaneous Circulation and Favorable Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Lian Huixin , Xia Andong , Qin Xinyan , Tian Sijia , Kang Xuqin , Zhang Luxi , Niu Shengmei , Qin Fei , Zhang Jinjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is a core outcome element of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but the definition or criterion of ROSC is disputed and varies in resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods: In this retrospective observational study from a single center in Beijing, we analyzed the records of 126 OHCA patients who achieved ROSC between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020. ROSC duration was defined as the entire time of ROSC from heartbeat or pulse present upon arrival at hospital or arrest again during CPR. The primary outcome was survival at 30 days with favorable neurological outcome. The probability of survival after OHCA as related to CPR duration time was further analyzed using the Probability Density Function (PDF) and the empirical Cumulative Density Functions (CDFs), and compared with ROSC sustained until emergency department arrival and ROSC sustained at least 20 minutes. Results: Among all 126 OHCA patients who achieved ROSC, the median ROSC duration time was 13.6 minutes. There were no significant differences between ROSC sustained until emergency department arrival and sustained at least 20 minutes in the 24-hour survival rate (31.3% [31/99] vs. 35.7% [10/30]; P=0.835), 30-day survival rate (23.2% [23/99] vs. 25.0% [7/30]; P=0.991), or survival at 30 days with cerebral performance category (CPC) 1–2 (18.2% [18/99] vs. 10.7% [3/30]; P=0.435). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test values from the empirical CDFs with ROSC sustained until hospital arrival and ROSC at least 20 minutes were 0.4444, 0.2000, and 0.2353 for CPC 1 or 2, CPC 3 or 4, and CPC 5 respectively.Conclusions: ROSC duration was directly associated with 24-hour survival, 30-day survival and 30-day survival with favorable neurological outcomes after OHCA. ROSC as a core outcome element of CPR should be defined as sustained at least 20 minutes or until arrival at the emergency department, and as a basic standard for evaluating resuscitation success after OHCA.
Effect of Early Nutritional Support on Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock
Authors: Cha Jun Kwon , Kim Hyung-sook , Kim Eun Ji , Lee Eunsook , Lee Jae ho , Song In-Ae 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe initial nutritional delivery policy for patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) is not fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine whether initial adequate nutrition supply and route of nutrition delivery during the first week of sepsis onset may improve the clinical outcomes of critically ill septic patients. MethodsWe examined 834 adult patients with sepsis and septic shock in the ICU between November 2013 and May 2017 retrospectively. Poisson log-linear and Cox regressions were performed to assess the relationship between clinical outcomes, sex, modified nutrition risk in the critically ill (mNUTRIC) scores, sequential organ failure assessment and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation scores, route of nutrition delivery, and daily energy and protein delivery during the first week since sepsis onset. ResultsPatients who had higher protein intakes during the first week since sepsis onset had lower in-hospital mortality, while higher energy intakes were associated with lower the 30-day mortality. Route of nutrition delivery was not associated with 1-year mortality in the group with > 70% of the nutritional requirement; however, enteral feeding (EN) with supplemental parenteral nutrition (PN) was superior to only EN or only PN in patients who were underfed. ConclusionFor patients with sepsis and septic shock, a high daily average protein intake may lower in-hospital mortality and a high energy intake may lower the 30-day mortality, especially for patients with high mNUTRIC scores. For underfed patients, EN with supplemental PN may be better than EN or PN alone.
USP25 Regulated Multiple Myeloma Cell Cycle Through STAT3 Ubiquitination
Authors: Liao Jiawei , Ma Julei , Zhang Xingguo , Shu Peng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Constitutively activated STAT3 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) has been seen in Multiple Myeloma (MM). However, STAT3 regulator in MM remains enigmatic. Methods Herein, we applied public dataset analysis and identified USP25 (Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 25) was a potential regulator of STAT3. We further applied western blot and IP to confirm the relation between USP25 and STAT3. Furthermore, we used cell cycle assay to assess the effect USP25 on MM cell cycle.RestultsUSP25 highly expressed in MM CD138+ cells, and support MM cell proliferation. In protein level, USP25 take part in IL-6/USP25/STAT3 axis and could directly down-regulated STAT3 ubiquitination. Using truncated form of USP25, we also proved UCH (Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase) domain of USP25 is critical for USP25-STAT3 binding, UIM (Ubiquitin interacting motif) domain is required for STAT3 ubiquitination, we further proved cell cycle changed by USP25 required STAT3 and cyclinD1, suggesting USP25 inhibition is promising in STAT3, cyclinD1 abnormal MM patients.
Trajectory Planning of Robot-assisted Abrasive Cloth Wheel Polishing Blade based on Flexible Contact
Authors: zhang jingjing , Liu Jia , Yang Shengqiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Industrial robot-assisted abrasive cloth wheel (ACW) accurately polish blades is considered to be a challenging task, and it is necessary to realize the digitalization of the process. Due to the flexible contact characteristics of abrasive cloth wheel and the change of blade surface curvature, the amount of microscopic material removal and the topographical errors of the blade surface are not uniform. So the surface roughness value is larger. In this paper, considering the flexible deformation of the blade and the abrasive cloth wheel during polishing contact, the polishing contact model of the blade and the abrasive cloth wheel is established and simulated. Firstly, based on the Preston equation and Hertz contact theory, the material removal profile in the contact area of the blade and the abrasive cloth wheel is analyzed. Secondly, the step length is optimized by considering the deformation of the abrasive cloth wheel in thedirection, and the line spacing is optimized by considering the material removal uniformity in thedirection. The NURBS curve is used to extract the blade polishing area curve and generate the polishing trajectory data points. Then, two methods of rigid trajectory planning and flexible adaptive trajectory planning of abrasive cloth wheel are simulated and analyzed by offline programming software. Finally, experiments were carried out on a four-station wheel changing polishing platform. Simulation and experiments results show that the proposed flexible adaptive trajectory planning method can make the surface roughness of the convex and the concave, the surface roughness of the leading and trailing edge, the total polishing efficiency increased by about 9.4%.
miR-3156-5p Enhances Hypoxia-Induced Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Modulating the SOCS5/HIF-1α/VEGF Pathway
Authors: Tie Bin , Guo Zheng , Li Li , Wang Wenhui , Liu Rong , Fang Jin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study probed the regulatory mechanism of miR-3156-5p on HCC under hypoxia. Methods: HCC cells (HepG2) were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia, and the conditioned medium (CM) of HepG2 was applied. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was implemented to analyze the miR-3156-5p profile. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and the colony formation experiment were conducted to measure cell proliferation, colony formation, and angiogenesis. Results: The results manifested that miR-3156-5p was up-regulated in HCC cells and endothelial cells under hypoxia, and up-regulating miR-3156-5p boosted HCC cell proliferation, endothelial cell angiogenesis, and HIF-1α/VEGF expression. Conclusions: miR-3156-5p activates the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway by hampering SOCS5, thereby enhancing the angiogenic potential of hypoxia-induced endothelial cells in HCC cells.
Niacin mitigates rumen epithelial damage in vivo by inhibiting rumen epithelial cell apoptosis on a high concentrate diet
Authors: Gao Zhen , Li Yanjiao , Xu Chao , Luo Dan , Qiu Qinghua , Pan Ke , Xiong Xiaowen , Qu Mingren , Ouyang Kehui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To investigate the effects of niacin on rumen fermentation, rumen epithelial antioxidant activity, and rumen epithelial cell apoptosis on high concentrate (HC) diets, nine male Hu sheep were randomly divided into: low concentrate diet (LC; concentrate : forage (C:F) = 20:80, high concentrate diet (HC; C:F = 80:20), and HCN diet (HC diet + niacin at 800 mg/kg diet air-dry matter). Compared with the LC group, the HC group had a lower rumen pH, increased volatile fatty acids and lactic acid in the rumen, reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity, and increased malondialdehyde content in the rumen epithelium (P < 0.05). Rumen epithelial papilla morphology was decreased, and apoptosis-related indicators and serum inflammatory cytokines were increased in the HC group over the LC group (P < 0.05). Compared with the HC diet, the HCN diet increased rumen pH, rumen epithelium antioxidant capacity, and rumen epithelial papilla morphology, decreased rumen lactate content, serum inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis-related indicators (P < 0.05). Therefore, adding 800 mg/kg niacin helped protect against rumen epithelial damage by avoiding drastic changes in the rumen environment and improved rumen epithelial antioxidant capacity to inhibit rumen epithelial cell apoptosis in sheep on a HC diet.
Morphological and molecular analyses of Taenia and Mesocestoides species from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northwestern China
Authors: Liu Gang , Ji Na , Hornok Sándor , Zhang Yu , Zhao Shanshan , Chen Xueling , Hazihan Wurelihazi , Gu Xinli , Wang Yuan-Zhi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a geographically widespread predator species, occurring across the northern Hemisphere. It has high veterinary-medical significance, in part owing to its definitive host role in the life cycle of several tapeworm species, including zoonotic ones. However, there have been only few reports on cyclophyllid tapeworm (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) infection in red foxes from China.
Methods
In this study, 263 tapeworms were collected from eight road-killed red foxes in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR, northwestern China). The tapeworms were analyzed based on morphological characters and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene sequences.
Results
83 Taenia and 180 Mesocestoides tapeworms were identified according to the presence or absence of rostellum, and the number, the length and the shape of the large rostellar hooks. The morphological and molecular analyses revealed that i) 180 Mesocestoides tapeworms, here named as Mesocestoides sp. Vulpes vulpes, showed 99.21% (378/381 bp) identity to Mesocestoides sp. reported from red fox in Mongolia; and ii) 83 Taenia tapeworms belonged to three species. The first Taenia species (n = 16, named as Taenia sp. Vulpes vulpes), based on the length of large rostellar hooks (337–342 µm) and its cox1 sequence, was identified as a potentially novel species, which is phylogenetically close to Taenia laticollis. The second species (n = 54, named as Taenia sp. Vulpes vulpes & Rhombomys opimus), was morphologically similar to Taenia endothoracicus according to the number (n = 52), the length (319–332 µm) and the shape of the large rostellar hooks. This species, infecting three red foxes, shared 100% cox1 sequence identity with Taenia sp. Rhombomys opimus genotype C found previously in great gerbils (Rhombomys opimus) in the same region. The third species (n = 13, named as Taenia polyacantha-like), had shorter large rostellar hooks (178–180 µm) and showed 96.27% (361/375 bp) sequence identity to Taenia polyacantha reported from red fox in Italy. In addition, co-infections with two Taenia species and with Taenia and Mesocestoides species were also demonstrated.
Conclusions
The “great gerbil-red fox” life cycle of Taenia sp. Vulpes vulpes & Rhombomys opimus, belonging to the mitochondrial lineage of T. endothoracicus, is confirmed. The T. polyacantha-like species and Mesocestoides sp. Vulpes vulpes were found for the first time in red fox in China. Taenia sp. Vulpes vulpes is a potentially novel species, which is close to Taenia laticollis based on its phylogenetic properties. The life cycle of Taenia sp. Vulpes vulpes and Mesocestoides sp. Vulpes vulpes should be further explored.
ICU-Acquired Pneumonia is a Risk Factor of a Poor Health Post-Covid-19 Syndrome
Authors: Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Motos Anna , Menéndez Rosario , Gabarrus Albert , González Jessica , Fernández-Barat Laia , Ceccato Adrián , Pérez Raquel , García-Gasulla Dario , Ferrer Ricard , Riera Jordi , Lorente José Ángel , Peñuelas Oscar , Bermejo-Martin Jesús F , de Gonzalo-Calvo David , Rodríguez Alejandro , Barbé Ferran , Aguilera Luciano , Villar Rosario Amaya , Barberà Carme , Barberán José , Ortiz Aaron Blandino , Bustamante-Munguira Elena , Caballero Jesús , Carbajales Cristina , Carbonell Nieves , Catalán-González Mercedes , Galbán Cristóbal , Sanguino Víctor D. Gumucio , Torre Maria del Carmen de la , Díaz Emili , Gallego Elena , Garmendia José Luis García , Garnacho-Montero José , Gómez José M. , García Ruth Noemí Jorge , Loza-Vázquez Ana , Marin-Corral Judith , Gándara Amalia Martínez de la , Varela Ignacio Martínez , Messa Juan Lopez , Albaiceta Guillermo M , Novo Mariana Andrea , Peñasco Yhivian , Ricart Pilar , Urrelo-Cerrón Luis , Sánchez-Miralles Angel , Chinesta Susana Sancho , Socias Lorenzo , Solé-Violan Jordi , Lomas Luis Tamayo , Vidal Pablo , Torres Antoni 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background. Some patients who had previously presented with COVID-19 have been reported to develop persistent COVID-19 symptoms. Whilst this information has been adequately recognised and extensively published with respect to non-critically ill patients, less is known about the prevalence and risk factors and characteristics of persistent COVID_19 . On other hand these patients have very often intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia (ICUAP). A second infectious hit after COVID increases the length of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation and could have an influence in the poor health post-Covid 19 syndrome in ICU discharged patientsMethods: This prospective, multicentre and observational study was done across 40 selected ICUs in Spain. Consecutive patients with COVID-19 requiring ICU admission were recruited and evaluated three months after hospital discharge. Results: A total of 1,255 ICU patients were scheduled to be followed up at 3 months; however, the final cohort comprised 991 (78.9%) patients. A total of 315 patients developed ICUAP (97% of them had ventilated ICUAP) Patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation had persistent, post-COVID-19 symptoms than those who did not require mechanical ventilation. Female sex, duration of ICU stay, and development of ICUAP were independent risk factors for persistent poor health post-COVID-19.Conclusions: Persistent, post-COVID-19 symptoms occurred in more than two-thirds of patients. Female sex, duration of ICU stay and the onset of ICUAP comprised all independent risk factors for persistent poor health post-COVID-19. Prevention of ICUAP could have beneficial effects in poor health post-Covid 19
Deposit Determinants and Domestic Currency Deposits In Nigeria (2000-2018)
Authors: Abiodun Ayodeji Emmanuel , Ogundipe Adebayo Tunbosun , Musa-Agboneni Omomen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the effects of macroeconomic and banking sector-specific variables on domestic currency deposits in Nigeria within a temporal scope 2000-2018. On the theoretical threshold of Ayodeji-Ajala bank-intermediation (economic value) theorem, the study proxied the dependent variable, domestic currency deposit, by total domestic currency deposit of banks, and the independent variable, deposit determinants, by three macroeconomic variables (interest rate, gross domestic product, inflation) and two banking sector-specific variables (private sector credit and bank size). Secondary data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin of various editions, and were estimated using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. It was found that, while interest rates exhibited insignificant negative effects on domestic currency deposits in Nigeria, inflation rate exerted significant negative effect on it, and gross domestic product exerted significant positive effect on it. It was, also, found that, private sector credit exerted a significant positive effect on domestic currency deposit while bank size exhibited insignificant positive effect on it. It was, further, found that, a significant long-run relationship existed between deposit determinants and domestic currency deposits in Nigeria. It was, therefore, concluded that macroeconomic and banking sector-specific variables exert significant long-term influence on domestic currency deposits in Nigeria. It was, therefore, recommended that, government should effectively adopt the instruments of monetary and fiscal policies for enhancing the effects of interest rates and curbing the effects of inflation on the Nigerian economy. Also, banks are encouraged to invest more on their assets, as this would help attract more customers of various types while they should increase private sector credits, and channel the same to the productive sector of the economy so that economic growth can be enhanced.
Fluorescence recognition of Zn2+ ion by 1,1′-binaphthyl based on polyamine macrocycle
Authors: Tokunaga Hiroki , Tsuboi Masaki , Matsumoto Nachika , Miyasaka Makoto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Chiral polyimine macrocycles were synthesized by the self-condensation of (R)-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthalene-3,3'-dicarbaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine derivatives under template-free conditions in relatively high yields, and the corresponding polyamine macrocycles were obtained by the reduction of the polyimine macrocycles. The complexation behaviors of the polyamine macrocycles with different metal cations in ethanol were studied based on their UV-vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. No fluorescence was observed for the polyimine macrocycles (R,R)-1–(R,R)-3, however, (R,R)-1H and (R,R)-2H exhibited a “turn-on” blue fluorescence (λem = 415 nm) that were observed upon the addition of Zn2+. Especially, (R,R)-3H complexed with Zn2+ also produced a “turn-on” yellowish green fluorescence (λem = 510 nm).