bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Front‐Line innovation: Rapid implementation of a nurse‐driven protocol for care of outpatients with COVID‐19
Authors: Driver Jane A. , Strymish Judith , Clement Sherry , Hayes Barbara , Craig Kathleen , Cervera Alejandra , Morreale‐Karl Michelle , Linsenmeyer Katherine , Grudberg Sarah , Davidson Heather , Spencer Jacqueline , Kind Amy H. J. , Fantes Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesOur objective was to rapidly adapt and scale a registered nurse‐driven Coordinated Transitional Care (C‐TraC) programme to provide intensive home monitoring and optimise care for outpatient Veterans with COVID‐19 in a large urban Unites States healthcare system.BackgroundOur diffuse primary care network had no existing model of care by which to provide coordinated result tracking and monitoring of outpatients with COVID‐19.DesignQuality improvement implementation project.MethodsWe used the Replicating Effective Programs model to guide implementation, iterative Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act cycles and SQUIRE reporting guidelines. Two transitional care registered nurses, and a geriatrician medical director developed a protocol that included detailed initial assessment, overnight delivery of monitoring equipment and phone‐based follow‐up tailored to risk level and symptom severity. We tripled programme capacity in time for the surge of cases by training Primary Care registered nurses.ResultsBetween 23 March and 15 May 2020, 120 Veterans with COVID‐19 were enrolled for outpatient monitoring; over one‐third were aged 65 years or older, and 70% had medical conditions associated with poor COVID‐19 outcomes. All Veterans received an initial call within a few hours of the laboratory reporting positive results. The mean length of follow‐up was 8.1 days, with an average of 4.2 nurse and 1.3 physician or advanced practice clinician contacts per patient. The majority (85%) were managed entirely in the outpatient setting. After the surge, the model was disseminated to individual primary care teams through educational sessions.ConclusionA model based on experienced registered nurses can provide comprehensive, effective and sustainable outpatient monitoring to high‐risk populations with COVID‐19.
Transactions between Big‐5 personality traits and job characteristics across 20 years
Authors: Holman David J. , Hughes David J. 
Published: February 2021

Although understanding the relationship between the individual and work environment is a core concern of organizational research, few studies have examined longitudinal transactions between Big‐5 personality traits and job characteristics. Building on research in personality and job design we develop hypotheses detailing transactions between Big‐5 personality traits (i.e., openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism) and two key job characteristics (i.e., job discretion and workload). Specifically, we hypothesize and test transactions with regard to the effects of job characteristics on personality, the effects of personality on job characteristics, and the reciprocal effects between these constructs. Our findings, based on a latent change score analysis of data collected over three waves across 20 years, show strongest support for the effects of job characteristics on personality, particularly the effects of workload on personality change in openness, extraversion, and agreeableness. We found no effects of job discretion on personality, limited support for the effects of personality on job characteristics (except a positive effect of neuroticism on job discretion), and no evidence of reciprocal effects.Practitioner points

Job demands can alter employee personality. Employees who consistently experienced high workloads over a 20‐year period incurred developmental increases in three personality traits – extraversion, openness, and agreeableness – such that they became more outgoing and assertive, more curious, and broadminded, as well as more helpful and sympathetic.

Employees who experienced high job discretion did not incur similar development changes in personality.
Pandemic nightmares: Effects on dream activity of the COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy
Authors: Scarpelli Serena , Alfonsi Valentina , Mangiaruga Anastasia , Musetti Alessandro , Quattropani Maria Catena , Lenzo Vittorio , Freda Maria Francesca , Lemmo Daniela , Vegni Elena , Borghi Lidia , Saita Emanuela , Cattivelli Roberto , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Plazzi Giuseppe , De Gennaro Luigi , Franceschini Christian 
Published: February 2021

SummaryCOVID‐19 has critically impacted the world. Recent works have found substantial changes in sleep and mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Dreams could give us crucial information about people's well‐being, so here we have directly investigated the consequences of lockdown on the oneiric activity in a large Italian sample: 5,988 adults completed a web‐survey during lockdown. We investigated sociodemographic and COVID‐19‐related information, sleep quality (by the Medical Outcomes Study‐Sleep Scale), mental health (by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales), dream and nightmare frequency, and related emotional aspects (by the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire). Comparisons between our sample and a population‐based sample revealed that Italians are having more frequent nightmares and dreams during the pandemic. A multiple logistic regression model showed the predictors of high dream recall (young age, female gender, not having children, sleep duration) and high nightmare frequency (young age, female gender, modification of napping, sleep duration, intrasleep wakefulness, sleep problem index, anxiety, depression). Moreover, we found higher emotional features of dream activity in workers who have stopped working, in people who have relatives/friends infected by or who have died from COVID‐19 and in subjects who have changed their sleep habits. Our findings point to the fact that the predictors of high dream recall and nightmares are consistent with the continuity between sleep mentation and daily experiences. According to the arousal‐retrieval model, we found that poor sleep predicts a high nightmare frequency. We suggest monitoring dream changes during the epidemic, and also considering the implications for clinical treatment and prevention of mental and sleep disorders.
Edge effects and distribution of prey forage resources influence how an apex predator utilizes Sri Lanka's largest protected area
Authors: Kittle A. M. , Watson A. C. , Samaranayake P. K. L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractApex carnivores are integral to effectively functioning ecosystems, but their populations are declining worldwide. To ensure the long‐term viability of top carnivore populations, it is important to understand their ecology and behavior throughout their remaining range, including in protected areas, as these can act as vital refuges. In Sri Lanka, an endangered, endemic leopard sub‐species (Panthera pardus kotiya) is the apex predator, and while its island‐wide distribution is influenced by forest cover and protection level of the landscape, ecological and anthropogenic influences of finer scale landscape utilization are poorly understood. In the interior of Sri Lanka's largest protected area, Wilpattu National Park, we used remote cameras and a spatially explicit capture‐recapture methodology to estimate leopard population density and quantify relative prey availability. We then employed linear models to compare four alternative hypotheses proposed to identify factors influencing observed leopard habitat selection within the PA. Adult leopard density was estimated at 10.4 individuals/100 km2which is at the higher end of the global spectrum of recorded leopard densities, and only marginally lower than other Sri Lankan National Parks which appear to have considerably higher available prey abundance. Leopard site utilization increased with increasing distance from park boundaries, suggesting the presence of edge effects due to anthropogenic disturbance. Leopard occurrence was also higher close to grazing lawns used by prey but not areas of higher prey abundance, evidence of ‘leap‐frogging’, whereby carnivores bias movement toward spatially anchored preferred resources of their prey instead of prey directly. The relatively high core area leopard density, combined with avoidance of boundary areas and frequent observation of injuries suggests the possibility of density‐dependent intra‐specific competition and needs to be further investigated. These results illuminate essential aspects of leopard ecology in a key part of its remaining Sri Lankan range, providing important insights for protected area management.
Implication of CD69+CD103+ tissue‐resident‐like CD8+ T cells as a potential immunotherapeutic target for cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Kim Hyung‐Don , Jeong Seongju , Park Seongyeol , Lee Yong Joon , Ju Young Seok , Kim Danbee , Song Gi‐Won , Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Sang‐Yeob , Shin Jaehoon , Shin Eui‐Cheol , Hwang Shin , Yoo Changhoon , Park Su‐Hyung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe heterogeneous immune landscapes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remain largely unknown. Here we aimed to investigate the implications of tissue‐resident memory (TRM)‐related features of tumour‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells (CD8+ TILs) from ICC patients.MethodsFrom ICC patients, we obtained blood samples and ICC surgical specimens (n = 33). We performed multicolour flow cytometry, multiplexed immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing.ResultsWhen compared to peripheral CD8+ T cells, the CD8+ TILs included significantly higher proportions of the CD69+CD103− and CD69+CD103+ TRM‐like subsets (P < .001 for both). Relative to CD69− and CD69+CD103− cells, the CD69+CD103+ CD8+ TILs harboured higher levels of T‐cell markers representing tumour specificity (ie CD39), proliferation (ie Ki‐67) and T‐cell activation (ie HLA‐DR and CD38) (all P < .001). Moreover, compared to the stroma, the tumour margin and core density each had a significantly higher density of CD103+ CD8+ TILs (P < .001 for both). ICCs with high proportions of CD69+CD103+ cells displayed higher levels of parameters associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)—including number of CD8+ TIL infiltrates (P = .019), PD‐L1 expression in the tumour (P = .046) and expression of the T cell‐inflamed gene signature (P < .001). ICCs with lower proportions of CD69+CD103+ CD8+ TILs exhibited significant enrichment of genes related to the Wnt/β‐catenin (P < .001) and TGF‐β pathways (P = .002).ConclusionCD69+CD103+ TRM‐like CD8+ TILs represent prominent tumour‐specific immune responses and hold promise as a potential therapeutic target in ICC patients. Differential TRM‐related features of ICCs may help develop future immunotherapeutic strategies such as maximizing TRM responses or inhibiting pathways contributing to immune evasion.
Leukocyte cell‐derived chemotaxin 2 promotes the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through STAT‐1 pathway in mice
Authors: Wang Jinghua , Chen Yishu , Pan Ran , Wu Chao , Chen Shenghui , Li Lan , Li Youming , Yu Chaohui , Meng Zhuo‐xian , Xu Chengfu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whose pathogenesis remains unelucidated, has become an increasingly prevalent disease globally requiring novel treatment strategies. This study aims to explore the role of leukocyte cell‐derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), one of the known hepatokines, in the development of NAFLD.MethodsThe serum LECT2 level was evaluated in patients with NAFLD and male C57BL/6 mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. Tail intravenous injection of adeno‐associated virus that contained Lect2 short hairpin RNA or Lect2 overexpression plasmid was administered to mice to inhibit or increase hepatic Lect2 expression. Hepatic steatosis was evaluated by histological staining with haematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O, and also by quantitative hepatic triglyceride measurements. RNA‐seq was performed to discover the specific targets of LECT2 on NAFLD.ResultsSerum and hepatic LECT2 levels were elevated in NAFLD patients and HFD‐fed mice. Inhibition of hepatic Lect2 expression alleviated HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, whereas hepatic overexpression of Lect2 aggravated HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. RNA‐seq and bioinformatical analysis suggested that the signal transducers and activators of transcription‐1 (STAT‐1) pathway might play an indispensable role in the interaction between LECT2 and NAFLD. A STAT‐1 inhibitor could reverse the accumulation of hepatic lipids caused by Lect2 overexpression.ConclusionLECT2 expression is significantly elevated in NAFLD. LECT2 induces the occurrence and development of NAFLD through the STAT‐1 pathway. LECT2 may be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD.
Causes and Consequences of Inequality in Egypt
Authors: Abdel Ghafar Adel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study presents an analysis of various facets of inequality in Egypt using a political economy approach to understand how inequalities are reproduced in the Egyptian economy. It examines the drivers of income and wealth inequality, and the impact of uneven taxation. The paper highlights how the mismeasurement of top incomes can skew the measurement of inequality, and shows how Egypt has one of the biggest wealth gaps in the world. It investigates educational, gender, and healthcare inequalities and how they are reproduced across generations. The paper also highlights the disparity between urban and rural areas, which further contributes to inequality. It assesses why economic growth in Egypt has had limited success in reducing poverty and inequality, and analyzes how state and military interference in markets hampers the growth of the private sector. The paper concludes by examining how inequality, combined with a number of challenges that Egypt is facing, including increased authoritarianism, climate change, demographic pressures, and water security will likely exacerbate many of the country’s socioeconomic and political problems. Overall, the study argues that inequality remains a key concern that, if left unaddressed, may lead to social unrest and instability in the long term.
The GCC’s Unsettled Policy for Economic Integration*
Authors: Mishrif Ashraf 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study examines the sources of fatigue in the economic integration of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) since 2010. It argues that the progressive development of integration that has taken place in the decades prior to the 2011 Arab uprisings has been derailed by a number of congenital and emerging factors that decelerated its maturity. The study employs a descriptive analytical approach to examine the institutional deficiencies, foreign policy divergence, and domestic policy integration, while applying a gravity model to measure the intensity of intra‐regional trade, hence the depth of GCC integration. If the GCC is to deepen its integration process, it must address longstanding and emerging challenges, including national sovereignty, poor foreign and security policy coordination, and low intra‐regional trade that persist today.
Impact of joint hypermobility syndrome on gastric accommodation and nutrient tolerance in functional dyspepsia
Authors: Carbone Florencia , Goelen Nick , Fikree Asma , Aziz Qasim , Tack Jan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is defined as the presence of gastroduodenal symptoms in the absence of organic disease that is likely to explain the symptoms. Joint hypermobility (JH) refers to the increased passive or active movement of a joint beyond its normal range and is characteristically present in patients with joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS), which is a hypermobile subtype of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (EDS). Recent reports have highlighted the co‐existence of FD with Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome. Our aim was to study the prevalence of JHS in FD compared with healthy subjects and to study the impact of co‐existing JHS on gastric motility, nutrient tolerance, and dyspeptic symptoms in FD.MethodsFD patients filled out a dyspepsia symptom severity score. Intragastric pressure (IGP) was measured with high‐resolution manometry (HRM) during the intragastric infusion of nutrition drink (ND, 1.5 Kcal/ml, 60 ml/min) until maximal satiation in healthy subjects and FD. We compared IGP profiles and nutrient tolerance in HS and FD with or without JHS.ResultsJHS was present in 54% of FD patients (n = 39, 41.2 ± 2.2 years old) and 7% of healthy subjects (n = 15, 27.3 ± 2.3 years old). IGP drop and nutrient tolerance were lower in non‐JHS‐FD compared with JHS‐FD and HS (AUC JHS‐FD: −17.9 ± 2.5 vs. non‐JHS‐FD: −13.0 ± 3.3 mmHg min,p = 0.2, HS:‐19.6 ± 2.9 mmHg min; ND tolerance non‐JHS‐FD: 671.0 ± 96.0 vs. JHS‐FD: 842.7 ± 105.7 Kcal,p = 0.25, HS: 980.0 ± 108.1 Kcal).ConclusionJHS often co‐exists with FD. Non‐JHS‐FD was characterized by decreased accommodation and lower nutrient tolerance characterized compared with JHS‐FD. Clinicaltrials.gov, reference number NCT04279990.
Association between maternal prepregnancy body mass index and pregnancy outcomes following assisted reproductive technology: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis
Authors: Xiong Yiquan , Wang Jing , Huang Shiyao , Liu Chunrong , Liu Yanmei , Qi Yana , Li Ling , Wang Wen , Zou Kang , Tan Jing , Sun Xin 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThis systematic review investigated dose–response relationship between maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy outcomes following assisted reproductive technology, including clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), miscarriage rate (MR), and live birth rate (LBR). We searched four major databases and finally included 105 studies involving more than 271,632 pregnant women. We performed linear or nonlinear dose–response meta‐analyses using random effects models. At per‐woman level, pooling of unadjusted estimates shown an inverted J‐shaped relationship between maternal BMI and CPR; pooling of adjusted estimates showed a linear association, suggesting statistical association between higher maternal BMI and lower CPR (adjusted OR [aOR] for 5‐unit increase in BMI: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.94–0.98). At per‐cycle level, linear dose–response relationship was found between maternal BMI and CPR (crude relative risk, RR, [cRR] for 5‐unit increase in BMI 0.97, 0.96–0.98; aOR 0.96, 0.94–0.99). Linear dose–response relationship was established between maternal BMI and the outcomes of MR or LBR (higher BMI associated with higher MR [cRR 1.15, 1.08–1.22] and lower LBR [cRR 0.91, 0.88–0.94] at per‐woman level). Sensitivity analyses showed no significant changes. In conclusion, there is dose–response relationship between maternal BMI and pregnancy outcomes following assisted reproductive technology. Higher BMI values may suggest suboptimal pregnancy outcomes.
Energy consumption–economic growth nexus within the purview of exogenous and endogenous dynamics: evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Monirul , Islam Md. Saiful 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the nexus between energy consumption and economic growth in Bangladesh over the period 1971–2018 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration. The main contribution of this study is the inclusion of exogenous dynamic (globalisation) and endogenous factor (political risk indicator measured by political terror scale (PTS)) to the energy consumption–economic growth nexus. The study explores an energy consumption–economic growth nexus where globalisation and PTS have both positive and negative influences on this relationship in the short run and long run. The Toda–Yamamoto Granger causality test confirms the feedback hypothesis, that is bidirectional causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth, and the result is further verified by the impulse response function. Therefore, policymakers should enhance the availability of energy for people and industries to continue the existing momentum of economic growth. Besides, the government should cautiously deal with both the globalisation and political risk issues about energy consumption–economic growth nexus in Bangladesh.
The spectrum of ATM gene mutations in Iranian patients with ataxia‐telangiectasia
Authors: Amirifar Parisa , Ranjouri Mohammad Reza , Pashangzadeh Salar , Lavin Martin , Yazdani Reza , Moeini Shad Tannaz , Mehrmohamadi Mahya , Salami Fereshte , Delavari Samaneh , Moamer Soraya , Aghamohammadi Asghar , Akrami Seyed Mohammad , Abolhassani Hassan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAtaxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a distinct range of clinical manifestations, including progressive ataxia, immunodeficiency, and radiosensitivity.MethodsClinical data, laboratory results, and genetic data were collected from forty‐three A‐T patients. Whole‐exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were done for the patients clinically diagnosed as suffering from A‐T. Based on the phenotype severity of the disease, patients were divided into severe and mild subgroups.ResultsThe median (IQR) age of diagnosis in this cohort was 5 (3‐7) years, and various types of clinical manifestations, including fever (P =.005), lower respiratory tract infection (P = .033), diarrhea (P = .014), and hepatosplenomegaly (P = .032), were significantly higher among patients diagnosed with the severe phenotype. Our results showed a correlation between phenotype severity and mutation type. The chance of having severe phenotype in patients who have severe mutations, including frameshift and nonsense, was 7.3 times higher than in patients who were categorized in the mild genotype group (odds ratio = 7.3, P = .006). Thirty‐four types of mutations including 9 novel mutations were observed in our study.ConclusionMolecular analysis provides the opportunity for accurate diagnosis and timely management in A‐T patients with chronic progressive disease, especially infections and the risk of malignancies. This study characterizes for the first time the broad spectrum of mutations and phenotypes in Iranian A‐T patients, which is required for carrier detection and reducing the burden of disease in the future using the patients’ families and for the public healthcare system.