bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“ZnO‐In‐Carbon‐Cage” Decorated Carbon Fibers as a Stable Lithium Host with Enhanced Kinetics for Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Fan Shuling , Sun Zhongcheng , Liu Can , Ye Fangmin , Liu Meinan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLithium (Li) metal anodes (LMAs), which show a great potential in constructing high‐specific‐energy‐density Li metal batteries (LMBs), have abstracted wide research interest. However, the generation of Li dendrites and the repeated change of volume upon Li plating/stripping severely block the practical commercialization of LMBs. Herein, the functional carbon fibers (CFs) decorated with ZnO embedded carbon cage (ZnO@C‐d‐CFs) were fabricated successfully by a two‐step route including the in‐situ growth of Zn‐based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and subsequent carbonization process, which enriched the lithiophilic sites of CFs host and improved Li+ kinetics of Li+ plating/stripping. Markedly, our designed ZnO@C‐d‐CFs possessed an obvious surface stability for Li+ plating/stripping (e. g., 1000 cycles with a CE of ~100 % for ZnO@C‐d‐CFs||Li cell, 1200 h for Li‐ZnO@C‐d‐CFs|| Li‐ZnO@C‐d‐CFs cell), and demonstrated a great potential in practical LMBs (e. g., a low‐capacity decay of 0.067 mAh g−1 per cycle within the monitored 900 cycles in Li‐ZnO@C‐d‐CFs||LiFePO4 (LFP) cell). The impressive results verified an effectiveness of surface modification on Li host to boost the stable LMAs.
Bifunctional Pd‐Pt Supported Nanoparticles for the Mild Hydrodeoxygenation and Oxidation of Biomass‐Derived Compounds
Authors: Ruta Vincenzo , Cipriano Luis A. , Di Liberto Giovanni , Wojcieszak Robert , Vilé Gianvito 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe conversion of bio‐based molecules into valuable chemicals is essential for advancing sustainable processes and addressing global resource challenges. However, conventional catalytic methods often demand harsh conditions and suffer from low product selectivity. This study introduces a series of bifunctional PdxPty catalysts supported on TiO2, designed for achieving selective and mild‐temperature catalysis in biomass conversion. Synthesized via a sol immobilization method and characterized by XRF, N2 physisorption, HRTEM, HAADF‐STEM, and XPS, these catalysts demonstrate superior selectivity and activity over monometallic counterparts. In fact, at 20 bar H2, Pt/TiO2 show a low selectivity in benzophenone hydrodeoxygenation, favoring the benzhydrol hydrogenation product; similarly, Pd/TiO2 preferentially form the diphenylmethane hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) product, but with slow conversion rates. The synergistic combination of the two metals in Pd4Pt1/TiO2 drastically improve performance, with 100 % benzophenone conversion and 73 % diphenylmethane selectivity. DFT calculations confirm the synergy between Pd and Pt as the key to drive the activity and selectivity. Additionally, the catalysts also demonstrate high recyclability with minimal performance loss, and have been generalized for the HDO of vanillin and furfural, and in HMF oxidation. Overall, this work highlights the potential of bimetallic catalysts in enabling efficient and selective bio‐based molecule conversion under mild conditions.
Morphological Characteristics, Mitochondrial Genome, and Evolutionary Insights Into a New Sea Squirt From the Beibu Gulf
Authors: Zhang Yichuan , Qin Yuting , Wu Yueying , Liu Liping , Zhang Wenguang , Ding Ling , Ya Xiangpei , Wen Zhiting , Feng Kuaili , Wang Hong , Wang Yujun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA new species of the genus Microcosmus was described in this study based on specimens collected from the coast of Xilian Town, Xuwen County, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. The morphological and molecular characteristics of this new species, Microcosmus sp. z YZ‐2024 (YZ‐2024), distinguish it from other sea squirts. Firstly, YZ‐2024 can be preliminarily distinguished by the following morphological features: (1) smooth surface of the tunica, without protuberances; (2) except for the attachment site, the tunica is orange‐red; (3) absence of neural ganglia, and the tunica does not contract abruptly when disturbed; (4) the heart is oval‐shaped. Most importantly, the mitochondrial genome characteristics of YZ‐2024 effectively and accurately distinguish it from other congeneric species, with a mitochondrial genome size of 14,520 bp (GenBank No. PP067884) and the proportions of bases A, T, G, and C comprising 26.83%, 47.16%, 16.91%, and 9.10%, respectively. Except for the gene COX1, the mitochondrial genome arrangement of YZ‐2024 is totally different from that of 22 other species in the class Ascidiacea. Evolutionary analysis has indicated that YZ‐2024 clusters with its congeneric species Microcosmus sulcatus. Interestingly, YZ‐2024 belongs to Pyuridae, but it clustered with 12 species of Styelidae into a clade. Based on this, it can be suggested that YZ‐2024 is a new species of sea squirt in the northern Beibu Gulf of the South China Sea. Moreover, this study is the first report of molecular identification of sea squirt species in the northern Beibu Gulf of the South China Sea.
Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction Improved the Extraction Rate, Omega‐3, and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content of Fish Oil From Atlantic Bonito Waste
Authors: Ciftci Ozlem , Keskin Cavdar Hasene 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study presents an innovative approach for extracting fish oil from Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) waste, optimizing the extraction yield and omega‐3, polyunsaturated (PUFA), and saturated fatty acid (SFA) content. The response surface method was used to investigate vital parameters such as temperature, time, and solvent‐to‐solid ratio. The optimal extraction conditions were a 16 mL/g hexane‐to‐solid ratio, 60°C temperature, and 80 min extraction time for the highest extraction yield, omega‐3, and PUFA with a desirability of 0.93. These adjusted settings resulted in a 45.11% (g/g freeze‐dried fish waste) oil extraction yield, 39.41% (g/g extracted fish oil) omega‐3 fatty acid, and 45.21% (g/g extracted fish oil) PUFA content. Compared to the standard Soxhlet extraction procedure, ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) had a 90.50% efficiency at extracting fish oil and resulted in improved omega‐3 and PUFA content and decreased SFA content (p < 0.05). Additionally, the oil obtained using UAE had improved oxidative stability when compared to the Soxhlet oil in terms of induction time, acidity, peroxide, p‐anisidine, and total oxidation (TOTOX) values. The implications of these findings extend to various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals, where enriched omega‐3 and PUFA content could prove beneficial. These findings provide important insights into optimizing ultrasound‐assisted procedures, opening the way for further improvements in fish oil extraction and its numerous applications.Practical Applications: Ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) for obtaining fish oil from discarded Atlantic bonito has practical implications in various sectors. The UAE achieved a success rate of 90.50% in extracting fish oil, surpassing traditional methods, and showcasing its superior efficiency. The extracted oil has high omega‐3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content while minimizing the saturated fatty acids contents, making it highly beneficial for the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. The higher oxidative stability of UAE compared to Soxhlet extraction makes it a preferable option for enhancing oil quality. The eco‐friendly attributes of this product, which involve the use of less solvent and shorter extraction durations, are in line with sustainability goals in the fields of fisheries and waste reduction. Essentially, UAE is an efficient technique with wide‐ranging applications in improving the quality of fish oil and promoting sustainability objectives.
Synthesis of Chiral Heterocycles Through Enantioselective Silver‐Catalyzed Transformations
Authors: Pellissier Hélène 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis review collects the recent developments in the synthesis of chiral heterocycles through enantioselective silver‐catalyzed transformations published since 2018. It demonstrates the power of chiral silver catalysts as special mild Lewis acids to provide an impressive diversity of reaction pathways, such as 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions, various types of cyclizations, along with a wide variety of more complex domino/tandem reactions, allowing many types of novel chiral heterocyclic products to be achieved in high enantioselectivities.
Direct mineral carbonation of fly ash under high pressure using acid mine drainage: Effects of solid‐to‐liquid ratio, stirring speed and CO2 pressure
Authors: Zide Sibulele , Ho Hsing‐Jung , Iizuka Atsushi , Petersen Jochen , Vadapalli Viswanath Ravi Kumar , Petrik Leslie , Ojumu Tunde 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCO2 emissions contributing to global warming and waste related to energy generation using coal pose an issue in developing countries. Mineral carbonation (MC) of fly ash (FA) using acid mine drainage (AMD) can reduce CO2 and the negative environmental impact of FA including AMD from coal mining activity. The present study examined the direct carbonation (DC) of FA using pure water and AMD in a 600 mL autoclave pressure reactor. A preliminary study was conducted to observe the leaching behavior of FA in water and AMD. DC was conducted to determine the effect of solid‐to‐liquid ratio (0.2 and 0.5 g mL−1), stirring speed (100 and 400 rpm) and CO2 pressure (1–4 MPa) on the carbonation performance. The maximum calcium carbonate content in the carbonated FA was 4.33 wt% with a 60% conversion of calcium to CaCO3 for DC with pure water. The electricity required by the process was 18.9 kWh t−1‐CO2, corresponding to 0.019 t‐CO2 emitted t−1‐CO2 fixed in FA. DC using AMD was effective and the maximum CaCO3 content in FA was 6.68 wt%. This was due to the additional calcium content and enhanced calcium extraction provided by AMD. The actual CO2 uptake capacity was 29.4 g‐CO2 kg−1 fly ash. Studies on AMD as a reaction solvent for MC are few but can improve the carbonation performance of FA. Hence, the method can be viable for mining industries to mitigate negative environmental impacts and generate additional revenue through carbon credits.
Late Mesozoic Tectonic Transfer in the Southern Great Xing'an Range, NE China: Evidence From Geochronology, Geochemistry and Lu–Hf Isotopes of Intermediate‐Acid Intrusions in Eastern Inner Mongolia
Authors: Zhao ZhiXiong , Dong GuoChen , Santosh M. , Bao XiangPing , Ren YingWei , Xie ZhuoLin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe geodynamic background of late Mesozoic magmatism in eastern Inner Mongolia remains debated owing to multi‐plate influences. Here, we present zircon U–Pb geochronology, geochemistry and Hf isotope data for Late Jurassic diorite and Early Cretaceous quartz monzonite porphyry and granite porphyry to investigate the petrogenesis and tectonic setting. Zircon U–Pb data suggest that multiphase magmatism extended from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, that is, 161.0 ± 1.0 Ma (diorite), 129.9 ± 1.4 Ma (quartz monzonite porphyry), 125.8 ± 1.1 Ma and 126.8 ± 1.1 Ma (granite porphyry). The dioritic samples have lower SiO2 (55.41–56.75 wt%), higher MgO (4.22–4.57 wt%) and Mg# (52–55). The quartz monzonite shows mediate SiO2 contents (63.17–64.89 wt%), belonging to the high‐K, calc‐alkaline series. The granite porphyry samples exhibit higher SiO2 (74.49–77.03 wt%) and Na2O + K2O (6.37–7.38 wt%) contents, while lower Mg# (20–25). The diorites and quartz monzonite porphyry show slight negative Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.85–0.88 and 0.78–0.90, respectively), while Eu anomalies are intensely for the granite porphyry (δEu = 0.45–0.67). All these rocks show enrichments in LILEs (U and Pb) and depletions in HFSEs (Nb, Ta, P and Ti). The clinopyroxenes are classified as augite and diopside, and they show slightly inverted U‐shaped patterns in the chondrite‐normalised REE diagram. The plagioclases are mainly andesine from the diorites, while they are albite from the quartz monzonite porphyry and granite porphyry. The εHf (t) values of zircon crystals range from +3.04 to +5.90, +2.04 to +4.10 and +1.93 to +4.35. These data indicate that the diorite formed by low degree partial melting of a depleted mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids. The quartz monzonite porphyry was generated by partial melting of the lower crust triggered by the underplating of depleted mantle‐derived basaltic magma. The granite porphyry is classified as S‐type granite and was sourced from greywacke. Combined with previous data, we conclude that Late Jurassic magmatism was related to the southward subduction of the Mongol‐Okhotsk Ocean, while the Early Cretaceous magmatic rocks formed in a post‐collision extensional setting.
Risks of Dementia Associated With Anticholinergic Medication Compared to Beta‐3 Agonist Among Older Patients With Overactive Bladder in Japan: The LIFE Study
Authors: Okita Yuki , Shimomura Yoshimitsu , Komukai Sho , Zha Ling , Komatsu Masayo , Kimura Yasuyoshi , Gon Yasufumi , Murata Fumiko , Maeda Megumi , Kiyohara Kosuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Fukuda Haruhisa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesAnticholinergic drugs can cause cognitive impairment. The risk of dementia associated with anticholinergics compared to beta‐3 agonists (mirabegron and vibegron) has not been extensively investigated in the super‐aging society of Japan. This study evaluated the association between the dementia risk and anticholinergics compared to beta‐3 agonists in older adults with overactive bladder in Japan.MethodsThis study had 1,493,202 participants from the Longevity Improvement & Fair Evidence Study, which includes claim data in Japan from 2014 to 2022. The participants included 13,448 anticholinergic drug users and 24,669 beta‐3 agonist users diagnosed with overactive bladder and aged ≥ 65 years. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals being adjusted for confounding variables to evaluate the impact of anticholinergic drugs compared to beta‐3 agonists prescribed at index date to patients with overactive bladder.ResultsAmong the beta‐3 agonist and anticholinergic drug users, the mean (standard deviation) age was 78.9 (6.7) and 78.8 (7.0) years, and the percentage of men was 47.2% and 39.7%, respectively. In the beta‐3 agonist group, 2130 participants were newly diagnosed with dementia during the 51,605 person‐years of follow‐up from the index date, whereas in the anticholinergic drug group, 1826 participants were diagnosed during the 34,929 person‐years of follow‐up. In the Cox proportional hazard regression model, there was an increased risk of dementia in the anticholinergic drug group compared to the beta‐3 agonist group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–1.30). The increased risk remained identical when Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) model was used for the analysis (aHR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.11–1.28).ConclusionsCompared to beta‐3 agonists, anticholinergic drugs are associated with an increased risk of dementia in older adults with overactive bladder, in Japan. These findings suggest that beta‐3 agonists may have a lower risk of dementia than anticholinergics and have potential to be a good alternative opinion for older people with OAB, which warrants further study.
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Staff‐Reported EOLD‐CAD Measure Among Nursing Home Residents With Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Cagle John G. , Stump Timothy E. , Tu Wanzhu , Ersek Mary , Floyd Alexander , Van den Block Lieve , Zhang Peiyan , Becker Todd D. , Unroe Kathleen T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe End‐of‐Life Dementia—Comfort Assessment in Dying (EOLD‐CAD) scale is one of the few outcome instruments designed to capture symptom burden and well‐being among nursing home residents with dementia; however, psychometric evaluations of the EOLD‐CAD are limited. Although the instrument is often used to assess outcomes prospectively, it was originally developed and tested as a postmortem assessment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the instrument properties of the EOLD‐CAD using staff reports from a large sample of nursing home residents with cognitive impairment prior to death.MethodsUsing data from the multi‐state UPLIFT clinical trial, this study evaluated the psychometric properties of the EOLD‐CAD from 168 nursing home staff members reporting outcomes for 611 living residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Staff also reported on resident quality‐of‐life using two different single item measures. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and assessed construct validity, inter‐item reliability, and observer report bias.ResultsCFA produced a four‐factor solution. All factor loadings were > 0.40, ranging from 0.61–0.95 for Physical Distress, 0.71–0.91 for Dying Symptoms, 0.61–0.78 for Emotional Distress, and 0.89–0.94 for Well‐Being. Model indices suggest a good fit to the data with root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.053 (95% CI = (0.044, 0.062)), comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.971, and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.093, with the SRMR slightly above the conventional threshold of > 0.08. Based on intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), patterns of observer reports were identified among staff who provided data for multiple residents. ICCs were notably high (> 0.60) for Well‐Being items. The EOLD‐CAD elicited a Cronbach's alpha of 0.73, and the instrument was negatively correlated with items measuring resident quality of life.ConclusionsWe found that when the EOLD‐CAD was completed by nursing home staff familiar with the respective residents, observer‐based patterns were detectable. Such patterns were adjusted for in our CFA, from we found that the EOLD‐CAD exhibited multidimensionality with a four‐factor structure capturing: Physical Distress, Emotional Distress, Dying Symptoms, and Well‐Being. In addition to the CFA, the EOLD‐CAD demonstrated generally valid and reliable psychometric properties in our population of long‐stay nursing home residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04520698
Supervillin‐Mediated ZO‐1 Downregulation Facilitates Migration of Cisplatin‐Resistant HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Hong Yali , Li Xu , Mao Rongchen , Zhou Feier , Li Shengnan , Zhu Chao , Jin Lai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSupervillin (SVIL), the biggest member of the villin/gelsolin superfamily, has recently been reported to promote the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by stimulating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, little is known about the roles of SVIL in the migration of colorectal cancer cells. Here, we investigated the effects of SVIL on the migration of cisplatin‐resistant colorectal cancer cells. The model of cisplatin‐resistant HCT116 cells (HCT116/DDP) was established. Migration was assessed after SVIL knockdown. Tumor metastasis was assessed using a mouse model with tail vein injection of colorectal cancer cells. The results showed that the expression of SVIL was upregulated in HCT116/DDP cells compared to that in their parental cells. Also, the HCT116/DDP cells showed increased cell migration and lung metastasis. Furthermore, we revealed that the expression of SVIL was associated with the migration of HCT116/DDP cells. Reduced SVIL expression inhibited migration and lung metastasis in HCT116/DDP cells. Further work showed that SVIL knockdown blocked cell migration by targeting zona occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) mediated tight‐junction remodeling. The expression of ZO‐1, but not occludin and cludin5, was downregulated after SVIL knockdown. Immunofluorescence indicated that the linear ZO‐1 was interrupted while the SVIL knockdown reversed the interruption. This study displayed the relationship between SVIL and ZO‐1 in cisplatin‐resistant colon cancer cells, providing a new insight into the mechanism of colorectal cancer migration.
miR‐1224 Controls Mammal Cerebral Cortex Development by Targeting the 3’‐UTR of the Dlx1 mRNA
Authors: Liu Chenglong , Zhou Liyu , Liu Qingbai , Ni Li , Yang Jianping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNeural precursor cells (NPCs) are a group of cells with self‐renewal and multi‐differentiation potential. MicroRNAs are required for neurogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent reports suggest that miR‐1224 is important in human CNS diseases. However, its function in neurogenesis of brain development is unclear. The current study demonstrated the essential while developing the neocortex. The results showed that miR‐1224 facilitated more NPCs to differentiate into neurons and oligodendrocytes while suppressing astrocyte differentiation. Conversely, inhibition of miR‐1224 enhances the self‐renewal ability and apoptosis of NPCs. The role of miR‐1224 in the developing neocortex was examined by performing in‐utero electroporation in vivo. It was observed that depletion impeded upper‐layer Cux1+ neuronal generation while transforming radial glial cells into IPCs. However, miR‐1224 promoted NPC proliferation in the ventricular zone. Moreover, miR‐1224 negatively regulated the expression of Dlx1 in NPCs by directly targeting the mRNA 3’‐UTR region. These findings indicated that miR‐1224 is a crucial NPC neurogenesis regulator during cortical development.
Deciphering Saquinavir–Bovine Serum Albumin Interactions: Spectroscopic and Computational Insights
Authors: Rajendran Vijayakumar , Kandasamy Saravanan , Gunalan Seshan , Kanagaraj Sekar , Kothandan Gugan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBovine serum albumin (BSA) plays a crucial role as a carrier protein in plasma, binding various ligands, including drugs. Understanding the interaction between BSA and saquinavir, an antiretroviral drug, is essential for predicting its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. We employed spectroscopic approaches, including circular dichroism spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy, to investigate the binding of saquinavir to BSA. CD studies revealed conformational changes upon saquinavir mesylate binding, and the complex was stable up to 45°C during thermal denaturation. Saquinavir quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA, indicating static quenching due to complex formation. Additionally, molecular docking simulations were performed to elucidate the favored binding site and interactions. The molecular docking results revealed that Subdomains IIA and IIB, which are proximal to Sudlow Site I, are the principal binding sites for the antiviral drug saquinavir. The ligand‐bound pose of BSA also revealed that residue Trp213, which is adjacent to saquinavir, further validated the results of the fluorescence quenching assay, suggesting that residue Trp213 is quenched upon binding with saquinavir. MD simulations allowed us to explore the dynamic behavior of the BSA–saquinavir complex over time. We observed conformational fluctuations, solvent exposure, flexibility of binding pockets, free energy landscape, and binding energy. This study enhances our understanding of drug–protein interactions and contributes to drug development and optimization.