bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting a Sustainable Way of Life-Long Learning in the Frame of Challenge-Based Learning
Authors: Hercz Maria , Pozsonyi Ferenc , Flick-Takács Nikolett 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The education of children in the Age of Knowledge is a challenge for educators all over the world since it is questionable how we can educate learners to become responsible citizens in different areas. Finding a suitable methodology is a highlighted goal of present-day educational researches. The intention of our work is to contribute to this dispute with a research investigating the challenge-based-learning-adapting European UKids programme designed for eight-to-eleven-year-old learners. This intention aims to support their education for sustainability and to develop social entrepreneurship and life-long learning. The program is a professional collaboration among university teachers, primary school teacher candidates and learners, thus the research manages this triplet as a complex entity.
The scientific paradigm and structure of present paper is rather nonconventional since, instead of presenting an empiric research, it interprets some peculiarities of many research units with the help of mixed methodology. Four research phases had been distinguished, the first three of these applied quantitative research methods.
Results suggest that the learners are somewhat satisfied with their schooling and learning circumstances. Although they prefer constructive learning strategies, teacher-directed methods are still more popular among the responses which means that the non-traditional work forms are rather unfamiliar to them. The programme affected their skills and competences in a positive way. An age-specific (socio) psychological dichotomy was detected; however, the framework of the UKids programme was able to handle it. Both challenge-based learning and the UKids programme turned out to be suitable for educating and developing children in a complex way, and they are able to trigger innovation in teacher-training.
Teachers’ Professional Development Needs: A Q Method Analysis
Authors: Yenen Emin Tamer , Yöntem Mustafa Kemal 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the professional development needs of teachers working in different subject domains. In this context, the sample of this study was 35 teachers working in state schools in Cappadocia provinces of Turkey. Q method analysis which includes qualitative and quantitative processes is used in this study. The professional development needs of the teachers is discussed under four main themes; instructional development, scientific field development, personal development, and organizational development and 14 sub-dimensions related to these themes. The data collection instrument of the study consisted of a total of 36 Q items regarding the professional development needs of teachers. The findings of the study show that the most needed professional development areas of the teachers were special education, scientific research methods, and participation in the projects and related professional activities. It was determined that some of the participants needed professional development in the areas of instructional technologies, material development, student participation, assessment and evaluation, and teamwork skills.
Water Resources and Tourism Development in Estrela Geopark Territory: Meaning and Contributions of Fluvial Beaches to Valorise the Destination
Authors: Fernandes Gonçalo , de Castro Emanuel , Gomes Hugo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Rural areas and in particular mountain territories have been experiencing an increasing appreciation of natural and heritage resources and their use for recreational and leisure activities, boosting tourism development and generating renewed functions with economic and social impact. Inland waters are becoming increasingly important for leisure and tourism, with many activities associated and many users seeking for them. Fluvial beaches represent leisure facilities for rural communities, allowing people and visitors access to aquatic spaces for leisure, sport and entertainment, creating conditions for enjoying nature and water resources, particularly during the summer period. The supply of surface water resources – rivers, lakes and canals – in the territory of the Estrela Geopark in Portugal, represent a tourist potential for this mountain region. They qualify the offer and constitute recreational attractions appreciated by the community and tourists, generating social well-being and fostering new services. There is a growing demand for these spaces, allowing the upgrading of fluvial areas, generating new features and enhancing the image of the destination Serra da estrela. The greater part of this equipment is operated by public entities linked to local administration, thus benefiting from public investment and support. There is a strong perception of its importance in attracting tourists, in improving the quality of life of the local population and in the opportunity to expand trade and service activities. Also in the image of the community, and their self-esteem is perceived, the importance of river beaches and consequently the disclosure that they associate, in terms of environmental quality, heritage value, and space of tranquillity.
Analysis methods in hermeneutic phenomenological research: interpretive profiles
Authors: Oerther Sarah 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective
To describe the development of interpretive profiles for a hermeneutic phenomenological research study.

Methods
literature review was conducted to identify research that has used interpretive profiles. An initial interpretive profile was constructed.

Results
The final outcome was an interpretive profile that contained a case summary and addressed the aims of the researcher's study. The interpretive profile contained background material, coded excerpts, and interpretive comments.

Conclusions
Interpretive profiles can assist emerging scholars in describing self-world relations and experiential variations within and across participants. Interpretive profiles can facilitate the writing of dissertations and manuscripts since the data is systematically archived and easily retrievable.
Modern transformation of deserted settlements in the Sudetes Mountains, SW Poland
Authors: Latocha Agnieszka 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to present and to classify current processes and phenomena which are observed within the depopulated villages in the Kłodzko region in SW Poland, to assess the present conditions, functions and meanings of deserted settlements, and to forecast their potential further transformations. The study was based on diverse cartographic sources, field investigations, inventories and interviews, historical documents and current spatial development plans. The current processes and phenomena occurring in the highly depopulated or deserted villages are spatially very diverse in terms of their types and dynamics. They include: afforestation (re-wilding), return to agricultural use (limitation of the secondary succession), new houses or the renovation of the old ones, partial restoration of the sacral landscape, large-scale tourist infrastructure and educational initiatives (educational trails, eco-museums, information boards). However, some areas remain forgotten and neglected. These processes often co-occur with each other and they may be diverse in different parts of the village. In the current transformations of the abandoned areas the main focus is on local economy or nature protection while the cultural landscape of the deserted villages is hardly appreciated as an important value itself. The potential future transformations of the depopulated areas will be multidirectional with the tendency to polarization. Some areas will be subject to an increased human pressure, especially due to the new developments in housing and large-scale tourist infrastructure, the other areas will remain out of the way allowing for using their potential as “archives” of traditional cultural landscapes.
Nieuw-Roeselare – landscape archaeological and historical geographical research on deserted medieval settlements in the borderlands of Flanders and Zealand
Authors: Verbrugghe Gerben , Van Eetvelde Veerle , Vanderputten Steven , De Clercq Wim 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper offers an introduction to the renewed landscape archaeological and historical geographical research on the lost village of Nieuw-Roeselare. Despite being the first site to be studied as a Deserted Medieval Settlement in modern-day Flanders, little is known about the village and its relation to the surrounding landscape. Nieuw-Roeselare is presented as a case study on lost and deserted medieval settlements in the context of the research history on the topic in both Flanders and Zealand. Past historical geographical and archaeological research at the site is described and the ongoing and future research is presented along with its potential for landscape studies and planning.
Drought vulnerability of Marathwada region, India: A spatial analysis
Authors: Khetwani Sagar , Singh Ram Babu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The magnitude and frequency of severe and extreme drought events continue to grow, instigating a grave risk to human wellbeing. Marathwada region of India is one of the most chronically drought affected region of India. The sequential drought events between the years 2012 to 2016 acutely impacted the natural as well as socio-economic resources of the region. This study attempts to assess the drought vulnerability of Marathwada region at sub-district level. An integrated drought vulnerability index has been developed by blending biophysical and socio-economic indicators of drought vulnerability. The analysis revealed that sub-districts like Shirur-Anantpal, Deoni, Shirur Kasar, Dharur, Biloli, Paranda, Mukhed, Khuldabad, Patoda, Hadgaon, Palam, Badnapur and Kaij, emerged as the very highly vulnerable to drought, representing 14.43% of geographical area and 10.96% of population of Marathwada while the sub-districts lying under the category of high drought vulnerability represented 39.15% of geographical area and 34.69% of population.
The Struggle for Objectivity: Gramsci’s Historical-Political Vistas on Science against the Background of Lenin’s Epistemology
Authors: Omodeo Pietro Daniel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This contribution interprets the intertwined issues of science, epistemology, society, and politics in Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks as a culturalist approach to science that does not renounce objectivity. Gramsci particularly criticized the scientist positions taken by the Bolshevik leader Nikolai Bukharin in Historical Materialism (1921) and the conference communication he delivered at the International Congress of History of Science and Technology in London in 1931. Gramsci did not avoid, at least implicitly, engaging with the theses of Lenin’s Materialism and Empiriocriticism (1909). Gramsci’s reception of these Russian positions was twofold: on the one hand, he agreed with the centrality of praxis (and politics) for a correct assessment of the meaning of epistemological positions; on the other hand, he disagreed with the reduction of the problem of epistemology to the dichotomy of materialism and idealism at the expense of any consideration of the ideological dimension of science.
It will certainly be found that some words are literally repeated: Horecký’s hypersyntax
Authors: Faltýnek Dan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article reflects the linguistic work of Ján Horecký in connection with hyper syntax and text linguistics. In his work Základy jazykovedy (Outline of linguistics) Ján Horecký remarks (1974, p. 90) that one of the principles of text construction is the literal repetition of certain words. We discuss this Horecký’s assumption and describe its consequences for the langue parole opposition and the concepts of textual isotopy and textual cohesion. The main task of the article is to examine Horeský’s assumption. For these purposes, we present an authorship attribution analysis of literary works by two Slovak authors: Svetozár Hurban Vajanský and Martin Kukučín. We focus on low‐frequency lexicon, i.e. hapax legomena, which are supposed to be independent of the authorial style (e.g. Binongo, 2003) and should reflect random circumstances of communication (de Saussure, 1996, p. 50; Bloomfield, 1933, p. 170). This means that if the structure of the text were to be affected by the repetition of certain words, the low frequency layer of the lexicon should contain evidence of this repetition with a low degree of dependence on the content and style of the literary work (Baayen, 1996). The analysis and its presentation is based on separate processing of hapax legomena and their n‐grams, cosine dissimilarity and multidimensional scaling (Torgerson, 1952). Contrary to the general notion of the text structure, we conclude that the authorial texts are based on the repetition of certain word forms and word forms combinations (by n‐gram analysis), even in the level of low‐frequency words.
Gender Labor Policies in the Franco Dictatorship (1939–75): The Discursive Construction of Normative Femininity
Authors: Otero-González Uxía 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the labor gender policies and the strategies of “genderization” put forward by the Franco Dictatorship in Spain. The Franco regime understood that women were the touchstone of society and key in both biological and sociocultural reproduction. Legislative regulations and sanctioned discourses accentuated the division between productive-public and reproductive-domestic spheres, relegating women to the latter. Nevertheless, to what extent did women embrace and challenge the regime's idealistic view of gender? This article contemplates female employment within and beyond official discourse. Oral sources used in this article suggest that socioeconomic reality overflowed the narrow limits of normative femininity. Not all women could enjoy the “honor” of embodying the exalted role of “perfect (house) wife” that the Franco regime had entrusted to them. In addition, this article explores changes in the ideal of femininity throughout the dictatorship. The Franco regime underwent crucial transformations during its almost 40 years of existence. This article argues that its adaptation had repercussions on sociocultural patterns and gender policies. Francoism built its early notion of normative femininity on the ideals of domesticity and Catholic morality, but (re)shaped the meanings of womanhood and (re)adjusted the legal system to fit the new circumstances that arose in the Cold War context.
Generalized Classes of Estimators for Population Mean, Ratio and Product Using Rank of Auxiliary Character Under Double Sampling the Non-Respondents
Authors: Sinha Raghaw Raman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the present study, generalized classes of estimators for estimating population mean, ratio and product of two population means using rank of auxiliary character in presence of non-response are proposed. The bias and mean square error of proposed classes of estimators are obtained and their performances examined. Specific conditions under which the members of proposed classes of estimators attain minimum mean square error are obtained. Comparative study of the proposed classes of estimators with the relevant estimators is carried out. An empirical study is given to justify the efficiency of the proposed classes of estimators.
Pioneering Strategies in Retail Settings: An Empirical Study of Successful Practices
Authors: Savastano Marco , Anagnoste Sorin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Although innovating in the physical stores has become a challenge for retailers, previous studies provided insights based primarily on consumers’ and employees’ acceptance of technology, with limited attention towards specific practices for successful adopting innovations. Starting from a qualitative analysis of pioneering strategies adopted by a sample of 50 retailers in the Dutch market, this research is devoted to a broad investigation of the innovation management strategies with emphasis on the choice to be the first to innovate. Our findings provide a correlation between the pioneer practices and the sales outcomes, by describing the more favourable conditions for adopting this strategy in terms of time, place and innovation characteristics (i.e., typology). These results would support retailers in the choice of innovating and managing the innovation process.
Implementation of carbon fibre treatment couches in the XiO® and Monaco® Treatment Planning Systems
Authors: Van Reenen Christoffel Jacobus , Trauernicht Christoph Jan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Purpose: Carbon fibre treatment couches on linear accelerators provide a strong, rigid framework for patient support. Patient safety is a priority, therefore the dosimetric properties of treatment couches need to be accurately incorporated in treatment plans, to minimize differences between planned and delivered dose. This study aims to determine the attenuation effect of treatment couches for 3-D Conformal Radiotherapy (3-D CRT) and to validate the implementation thereof in the XiO and Monaco treatment planning systems (TPS).

Material and methods: Attenuation measurements were performed on the ELEKTA Connexion couches of the ELEKTA Precise and Synergy-Agility linear accelerators. Measurements were made at 10° intervals in RMI-457 Solid water (30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm) using a PTW Farmer-type ionization chamber (TW30013) positioned at the accelerator’s isocentre. The percentage attenuation was calculated as the ratio of the electrometer readings for parallel-opposed fields. The Computed Tomography (CT) data sets of the set-ups were obtained on a Philips Big Bore 16-slice CT scanner and exported to the TPS. The individual couch structures were delineated and electron density (ED) values were assigned using the commissioned CT-to-ED curve. Test treatment plans were generated with 100MU per field at 10° gantry intervals.

Results: The percentage attenuation was determined to be within 2% and 3% for beams perpendicular to the couch surface for XiO and Monaco, respectively. The maximum attenuation was observed for oblique fields which was significantly higher than the manufacturer specified values. TPS validation showed an agreement to 1% for XiO and Monaco. At extreme oblique angles, both planning systems overestimated this effect up to a maximum of 4%.

Conclusions: Couch attenuation differs significantly with gantry angle and beam energy. As a result, the treatment couch models should be included in all treatment planning calculations.
Nanoscale dosimetric consequences around bismuth, gold, gadolinium, hafnium, and iridium nanoparticles irradiated by low energy photons
Authors: Mesbahi Asghar , Mansouri Elham , Mohammadzadeh Mohammad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the current study, nanoscale physical dose distributions around five potential nanoparticles were compared. Five potential nanoparticles including bismuth, gold, gadolinium, hafnium, and iridium nanoparticles in the form of a sphere with a diameter of 50 nm were simulated in a water medium. The MCNPX (2.7.0) Monte Carlo code with updated libraries was used for calculations of electron dose deposition and electron flux in water from 25 nm up to 4000 nm with a step of 25 nm. Also, secondary electron spectra after irradiation of nanoparticles with mono-energetic photons with energies of 30, 60, 100 keV were derived. The nano-scale distance-dose curves showed a very steep gradient with distance from nanoparticle surface up to 60 nm and after this point, a gradual decrease was seen. The dose deposition characteristics in the nano-scale were dependent on the type of nanoparticle as well as photon energy. Our results concluded that for each photon energy in the energy range of 30-100 keV, a suitable nanoparticle can be selected to boost the effect of energy deposition by low energy photon beams used in brachytherapy.
Determination of effective source to surface distance and cutout factor in small fields in electron beam radiotherapy: A comparison of different dosimeters
Authors: Bayatiani Mohamad Reza , Fallahi Fatemeh , Aliasgharzadeh Akbar , Ghorbani Mahdi , Khajetash Benyamin , Seif Fatemeh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to calculate the effective source to surface distance (SSDeff) of small and large electron fields in 10, 15, and 18 MeV energies, and to investigate the effect of SSD on the cutout factor for electron beams a linear accelerator. The accuracy of different dosimeters is also evaluated.

Materials and methods: In the current study, Elekta Precise linear accelerator was used in electron beam energies of 10, 15, and 18 MeV. The measurements were performed in a PTW water phantom (model MP3-M). A Semiflex and Advanced Markus ionization chambers and a Diode E detector were used for dosimetry. SSDeff in 100, 105, 110, 115, and 120 cm SSDs for 1.5 × 1.5 cm2 to 5 × 5 cm2 (small fields) and 6 × 6 cm2 to 20 × 20 cm2 (large fields) field sizes were obtained. The cutout factor was measured for the small fields.

Results: SSDeff in small fields is highly dependent on energy and field size and increases with increasing electron beam energy and field size. For large electron fields, with some exceptions for the 20 × 20 cm2 field, this quantity also increases with energy. The SSDeff was increased with increasing beam energy and field size for all three detectors.

Conclusion: The SSDeff varies significantly for different field sizes or cutouts. It is recommended that SSDeff be determined for each electron beam size or cutout. Selecting an appropriate dosimetry system can have an effect in determining cutout factor.
Optimising Rig Design for Sailing Yachts with Evolutionary Multi-Objective Algorithm
Authors: Pawłusik Mikołaj , Szłapczyński Rafał , Karczewski Artur 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a framework for optimising a sailing yacht rig using Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms and for filtering obtained solutions by means of a Multi-criteria Decision Making method. A Bermuda sloop with discontinuous rig is taken under consideration as a model rig configuration. It has been decomposed into its elements and described by a set of control parameters to form a responsive model which can be used for optimisation purposes. Considering the contradictory nature of real optimisation objectives, a multi-objective approach has been chosen to address this issue. Once the optimisation process is over, a Multi-criteria Decision Making method based on a w-dominance relation is applied for filtering out the most interesting solutions from the obtained Pareto set. The proposed method has been implemented, and selected results are provided and discussed.
LNG Tank in Świnoujście: Nonlinear Analysis of the Tank Dome Elements Behaviour
Authors: Sobczyk Bartosz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the dome of a tank in the Świnoujście LNG terminal is analysed. Some of the rafter ribs at the connection with hangers were not mounted during construction of the tank dome. Therefore, it has become necessary to estimate its response, which has been done with the aid of some computational models of the dome, that have been created in the finite element method environment. Different local models are studied, aiming to recreate possible outermost conditions of the tank dome response, i.e. with or without composite action between steel and concrete parts of the tank dome. Static calculations with material and geometric nonlinearities are carried out on the computational models, enabling the creation of a load capacity envelope of the rafter with or without ribs. The obtained results are then used to decide if repair works need to be done and whether the missing ribs should be welded.