bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell-based treatment options facilitate regeneration of cartilage, ligaments and meniscus in demanding conditions of the knee by a whole joint approach
Authors: Angele Peter , Docheva Denitsa , Pattappa Girish , Zellner Johannes 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeThis article provides an update on the current therapeutic options for cell-based regenerative treatment of the knee with a critical review of the present literature including a future perspective on the use of regenerative cell-based approaches. Special emphasis has been given on the requirement of a whole joint approach with treatment of comorbidities with aim of knee cartilage restoration, particularly in demanding conditions like early osteoarthritis.MethodsThis narrative review evaluates recent clinical data and published research articles on cell-based regenerative treatment options for cartilage and other structures around the kneeResultsCell-based regenerative therapies for cartilage repair have become standard practice for the treatment of focal, traumatic chondral defects of the knee. Specifically, matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) shows satisfactory long-term results regarding radiological, histological and clinical outcome for treatment of large cartilage defects. Data show that regenerative treatment of the knee requires a whole joint approach by addressing all comorbidities including axis deviation, instability or meniscus pathologies. Further development of novel biomaterials and the discovery of alternative cell sources may facilitate the process of cell-based regenerative therapies for all knee structures becoming the gold standard in the future.ConclusionOverall, cell-based regenerative cartilage therapy of the knee has shown tremendous development over the last years and has become the standard of care for large and isolated chondral defects. It has shown success in the treatment of traumatic, osteochondral defects but also for degenerative cartilage lesions in the demanding condition of early OA. Future developments and alternative cell sources may help to facilitate cell-based regenerative treatment for all different structures around the knee by a whole joint approach.Level of evidenceIV.
Effect of Thermal Treatment at Inert Atmosphere on Structural and Magnetic Properties of Non-stoichiometric Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Kmita Angelika , Żukrowski Jan , Kuciakowski Juliusz , Marciszko-Wiąckowska Marianna , Żywczak Antoni , Lachowicz Dorota , Gajewska Marta , Sikora Marcin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Zinc ferrite nanoparticles were obtained by chemical methods (co-precipitation and thermal decomposition of metalorganic compounds) and systematically probed with volume (XRD, VSM), microscopic (TEM) and element sensitive probes (ICP-OES, Mössbauer Spectroscopy, XPS, XAFS). Magnetic studies proved the paramagnetic response of stoichiometric ZnFe2O4 (ZF) nanoparticles, while superparamagnetic behavior was observed in as-synthesized, non-stoichiometric Zn
x
Fe3−x
O (NZF) nanoparticles. Upon annealing up to 1400 °C in an inert atmosphere, a significant change in the saturation magnetization of NZF nanoparticles was observed, which rose from approximately 50 up to 140 emu/g. We attribute this effect to the redistribution of cations in the spinel lattice and reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ during high-temperature treatment. Iron reduction is observed in both ZF and NZF nanoparticles, and it is related to the decomposition of zinc ferrite and associated sublimation of zinc oxide.
QTL analysis of seed germination traits in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Agacka-Mołdoch Monika , Rehman Arif Mian Abdur , Lohwasser Ulrike , Doroszewska Teresa , Lewis Ramsey S. , Börner Andreas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGenetic mapping of seed germination traits has been performed with many plant species. In tobacco, however, investigations are rare. In the present study, a bi-parental mapping population consisting of 118 doubled haploid lines and derived from a cross between ‘Beinhart-1000’ and ‘Hicks’ was investigated. Four germination-related traits, total germination (TG), normal germination (NG), time to reach 50% of total germination (T50), and the area under the curve after 200 h of germination (AUC) were considered by examining seeds either untreated or after a moderate controlled deterioration (CD). Quantitative trait loci were found for all traits distributed on 11 out of the 24 linkage groups. It was demonstrated that, as in many other species, germination-related traits are very complex and under polygenic control.
Resource Controllability of Business Processes Under Conditional Uncertainty
Authors: Zavatteri Matteo , Combi Carlo , Viganò Luca 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA current research problem in the area of business process management deals with the specification and checking of constraints on resources (e.g., users, agents, autonomous systems, etc.) allowed to be committed for the execution of specific tasks. Indeed, in many real-world situations, role assignments are not enough to assign tasks to the suitable resources. It could be the case that further requirements need to be specified and satisfied. As an example, one would like to avoid that employees that are relatives are assigned to a set of critical tasks in the same process in order to prevent fraud. The formal specification of a business process and its related access control constraints is obtained through a decoration of a classic business process with roles, users, and constraints on their commitment. As a result, such a process specifies a set of tasks that need to be executed by authorized users with respect to some partial order in a way that all authorization constraints are satisfied. Controllability refers in this case to the capability of executing the process satisfying all these constraints, even when some process components, e.g., gateway conditions, can only be observed, but not decided, by the process engine responsible of the execution. In this paper, we proposeconditional constraint networks with decisions (CCNDs)as a model to encode business processes that involve access control and conditional branches that may be both controllable and uncontrollable. We define weak, strong, and dynamic controllability of CCNDs as two-player games, classify their computational complexity, and discuss strategy synthesis algorithms. We provide an encoding from the business processes we consider here into CCNDs to exploit off-the-shelf their strategy synthesis algorithms. We introduce$$\textsc {Zeta}$$ZETA, a tool for checking controllability of CCNDs, synthesizing execution strategies, and executing controllable CCNDs, by also supporting user interactivity. We use$$\textsc {Zeta}$$ZETAto compare with the previous research, provide a new experimental evaluation for CCNDs, and discuss limitations.
Six fragments of a theory of translation as understanding
Authors: Kubin Wolfgang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAgainst the common view of translation as the translation of a text or an author the article argues there is not such a thing. Any translation has its basis in the (subjective) understanding of the translator who only translates according to one’s own comprehension. So there is no loyal translation in the sense of “word-for-word” (Wortwörtlichkeit). It is also an error to think editions are reliable and dictionaries offer a kind of complete vocabulary. So what a translation can do is to open up a wide range of possibilities. The only norm is the logic of understanding an author and a text. Thus individual understanding and individual translating are the two sides of one coin.
Hyper-oncotic vs. Hypo-oncotic Albumin Solutions: a Systematic Review of Clinical Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Haynes Gary R. , Bassiri Kayleigh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeveral albumin solutions are available for volume expansion. Hyper-oncotic solutions (≥ 20%) are more effective than hypo-oncotic (≤ 5%) as they recruit endogenous extracellular fluid into blood vessels rather than adding volume. The latter may cause volume overload, with several associated complications. This systematic review aimed to evaluate evidence on the efficacy and safety of hyper-oncotic vs. hypo-oncotic albumin solutions across different clinical settings. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Ninety articles were retained (58 randomized controlled trials). Four studies directly compared albumin solutions. SWIPE showed that cumulative fluid balance at 48 h was significantly lower with 20% vs. 5% albumin (mean − 576 mL;P = 0.01). Twenty percent albumin was also associated with decreased chloride load vs. 4% albumin in critically ill patients. All 10 pre-/intraoperative studies evaluated 4–5% solutions; 14 studies evaluated 4–5% albumin in postoperative patients. Renal injury was reported in some studies; however, hydroxyethyl starch was associated with higher incidence vs. albumin. Importantly, 20% albumin preserved cumulative organ function in liver transplantation, and 25% albumin was more beneficial than saline in cardiac surgery patients. Thirty-two studies were performed in critically ill patients. Several studies reported increased risk of positive fluid balance and chloride load with hypo-oncotic albumin, whereas multiple benefits were associated with 20% albumin, including improved endothelial function and perfusion. Of 18 pediatric studies that evaluated ≤ 10% albumin, benefits such as correction of hypotension and improved cardiac output were noted. In conclusion, hyper-oncotic albumin solutions should be more routinely used to avoid potential risks associated with hypo-oncotic solutions.
Evidence from the Dayao Paleolithic site, Inner Mongolia for human migration into arid northwest China during mid-Pleistocene interglacials
Authors: Ge Junyi , Wang Yinghua , Shan Mingchao , Feng Xingwu , Chen Fuyou , Wu Haibin , Li Qin , Zhou Xinying , Li Yan , Tang Ruiping , Olsen John W. , Deng Chenglong , Gao Xing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Dayao Paleolithic site, located in Inner Mongolia on the eastern margin of China's vast northwestern drylands, was a lithic quarry-workshop utilized by Pleistocene human migrants through the region. Determining the age of this activity has previously yielded controversial results. Our magnetostratigraphic and OSL dating results suggest the two artifact-bearing paleosols are correlated with MIS 5 and 7, respectively. Correlating paleoclimatic data with marine δ18O records leads us to conclude that two sandy gravel layers containing many artifacts in the lower part of the Dayao sequence were formed during MIS 9 and 11, if not earlier. Our results reveal that the earliest human occupation at the Dayao site occurred before ca. 400 ka during a relatively warm and moist interglacial period, similar to several subsequent occupations, documenting the earliest and northernmost archaeological assemblage yet reported in China's arid northwest. We conclude that the northward and southward displacements of the East Asian summer monsoon rain belt during past interglacial-glacial cycles were responsible for the discontinuous human occupation detected at the Dayao site. The penetration of this precipitation regime into dryland ecologies via the Huanghe (Yellow River) Valley effectively created a corridor for hominin migration into China's arid northwest.
Impact of Hydrostratigraphic Continuity on Brine‐to‐Freshwater Interface Dynamics: Implications From a Two‐Dimensional Parametric Study in an Arid and Endorheic Basin
Authors: McKnight S. V. , Boutt D. F. , Munk L. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite the prevalence of density‐dependent flow systems in the brine‐rich aquifers of arid climates and coastal aquifers, the impact of realistic geologic conditions on interface geometry and density‐dependent time‐sensitive dynamics remains poorly constrained. Salar de Atacama provides an analog for exploring interface dynamics in arid regions. A site‐specific two‐dimensional hydrostratigraphic interpretation is used to examine the dynamics of the brine‐to‐freshwater interface. With the same simulation framework and core data, a separate parametric series of hydraulic conductivity distributions with varying horizontal continuity provides a mechanistic explanation for observed dynamics. Comparing modeled interfaces and their sensitivity to perturbations in recharge in each realization yields insight into interface dynamics coupled with horizontal continuity in subsurface heterogeneity. Recharge fluctuation is introduced to each distribution following the interface reaching a dynamic steady state. Metrics for results evaluation include interface slope geometry, interface width, migration length, and response rate. Analyses suggest that the average slope of the modeled interface shallows by 0.01 and 0.05 m ⋅ m−1for an increase in continuity of highly permeable pathways by a factor of two and three, respectively. Increasing continuity also increases the overall response times and the variability in response. Results indicate that accurate representations of transient dynamics in modeling density‐dependent brine‐to‐freshwater interface dynamics requires the consideration of heterogeneity, as saline intrusion in the highest continuity group extends over twice as far on average and the modeled interface takes over 43% more time on average to reach a new dynamic steady state when compared to their homogeneous counterparts.
Mean Flow Direction Modulates Non‐Fickian Transport in a Heterogeneous Alluvial Aquifer‐Aquitard System
Authors: Pauloo Richard A. , Fogg Graham E. , Guo Zhilin , Henri Christopher V. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRegional‐scale groundwater quality degradation from nonpoint source pollution threatens the long‐term sustainability of major alluvial aquifer‐aquitard systems worldwide. Models are needed to simulate regionally upscaled transport processes in heterogeneous geology that produces non‐Fickian (anomalous) transport. In this investigation, we show the impact of nonhorizontal and nonvertical mean flow direction on non‐Fickian transport within a 3D, kilometer‐scale, typical alluvial aquifer‐aquitard system. Notably, vertical anisotropy in K and seasonal pumping and recharge can fundamentally change hydraulic gradients and shift the mean flow direction between mostly horizontal and mostly vertical flow. Detailed 3D flow and transport simulations under varying mean flow directions indicate that alterations to hydraulic gradients which control the mean flow direction can lead to increasingly non‐Fickian transport. Under mostly horizontal flow, diffusion and slow advection dominant low‐K facies slow mass transfer rates from low‐K material, and preferential flow along connected high‐K networks causes increased spatial spreading along the mean flow direction. Conversely, predominantly vertical flow caused by spatially distributed pumping and recharge shifts mass transfer processes in low‐K material from diffusion and slow advection dominant to advection dominant, resulting in vertically oriented particle trajectories that compactly migrate through high‐K and low‐K facies alike, and increasingly Fickian transport. Thus, mean flow direction transience driven by vertical anisotropy in K and seasonal pumping and recharge can create oscillating transport patterns, that range from persistently non‐Fickian to more Fickian. Results illustrate the regional‐scale hydrogeologic factors that explain why upscaled transport models fail to capture non‐Fickian effects resulting from mean flow direction transience
Characteristics of Meiyu Seen From Multiple Observational Analyses and Reanalyses
Authors: Tong Mingjun , Zheng Zhihai , Fu Qiang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study examines characteristics of Meiyu during the Meiyu season from June 1 to July 31 for 1998–2017 using two observational analyses (i.e., Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission [TRMM] and Global Precipitation Climatology Project [GPCP]) and four reanalysis data sets (i.e., Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 [MERRA2], ERA5, JRA55, and NCEP/DOE). The Meiyu mean precipitation from GPCP is slightly larger than TRMM but GPCP has smaller precipitation variance as compared with TRMM. MERRA2 and ERA5 are consistent with TRMM precipitation in terms of both mean and variance patterns, while JRA55 (NCEP/DOE) has smaller mean precipitation and variance in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China (near southern Japan). For the interannual variability of the precipitation averaged over the Meiyu region, the correlation with TRMM from high to low is ranked by MERRA2, GPCP, JRA55, ERA5, and NCEP/DOE. For the Meiyu evolution, GPCP, MERRA2, ERA5, and JRA55 capture the gradual northward movement of the Meiyu belt from June 2 to July 10, as shown in TRMM, but NCEP/DOE does not. For the large‐scale meteorology conditions for the strong and weak Meiyu years, the relative humidity vertical profiles from the four reanalyses are analyzed. All reanalyses except NCEP/DOE show that the relative humidity is larger in the strong Meiyu years than that in the weak Meiyu years and relative humidity over Japan and South Korea is larger than that over the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is recommended that TRMM and MERRA2 reanalysis be used for the investigations of the Meiyu precipitation and variability and large‐scale conditions.
A monolithic single-chip point-of-care platform for metabolomic prostate cancer detection
Authors: Annese Valerio F. , Patil Samadhan B. , Hu Chunxiao , Giagkoulovits Christos , Al-Rawhani Mohammed A. , Grant James , Macleod Martin , Clayton David J. , Heaney Liam M. , Daly Ronan , Accarino Claudio , Shah Yash D. , Cheah Boon C. , Beeley James , Evans Thomas R. Jeffry , Jones Robert , Barrett Michael P. , Cumming David R. S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is a global unmet need for rapid and cost-effective prognostic and diagnostic tools that can be used at the bedside or in the doctor’s office to reduce the impact of serious disease. Many cancers are diagnosed late, leading to costly treatment and reduced life expectancy. With prostate cancer, the absence of a reliable test has inhibited the adoption of screening programs. We report a microelectronic point-of-care metabolite biomarker measurement platform and use it for prostate cancer detection. The platform, using an array of photodetectors configured to operate with targeted, multiplexed, colorimetric assays confined in monolithically integrated passive microfluidic channels, completes a combined assay of 4 metabolites in a drop of human plasma in under 2 min. A preliminary clinical study using l-amino acids, glutamate, choline, and sarcosine was used to train a cross-validated random forest algorithm. The system demonstrated sensitivity to prostate cancer of 94% with a specificity of 70% and an area under the curve of 0.78. The technology can implement many similar assay panels and hence has the potential to revolutionize low-cost, rapid, point-of-care testing.
SRSF1 inhibits autophagy through regulating Bcl-x splicing and interacting with PIK3C3 in lung cancer
Authors: Lv Yuesheng , Zhang Wenjing , Zhao Jinyao , Sun Bing , Qi Yangfan , Ji Haoyu , Chen Chaoqun , Zhang Jinrui , Sheng Junxiu , Wang Taishu , Dominguez Daniel , Liu Han , Liu Quentin , Meng Songshu , Li Xiaoling , Wang Yang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlternative splicing is a critical process to generate protein diversity. However, whether and how alternative splicing regulates autophagy remains largely elusive. Here we systematically identify the splicing factor SRSF1 as an autophagy suppressor. Specifically, SRSF1 inhibits autophagosome formation by reducing the accumulation of LC3-II and numbers of autophagosomes in different cell lines. Mechanistically, SRSF1 promotes the splicing of the long isoform of Bcl-x that interacts with Beclin1, thereby dissociating the Beclin1-PIK3C3 complex. In addition, SRSF1 also directly interacts with PIK3C3 to disrupt the interaction between Beclin1 and PIK3C3. Consequently, the decrease of SRSF1 stabilizes the Beclin1 and PIK3C3 complex and activates autophagy. Interestingly, SRSF1 can be degraded by starvation- and oxidative stresses-induced autophagy through interacting with LC3-II, whereas reduced SRSF1 further promotes autophagy. This positive feedback is critical to inhibiting Gefitinib-resistant cancer cell progression both in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, the expression level of SRSF1 is inversely correlated to LC3 level in clinical cancer samples. Our study not only provides mechanistic insights of alternative splicing in autophagy regulation but also discovers a new regulatory role of SRSF1 in tumorigenesis, thereby offering a novel avenue for potential cancer therapeutics.
Epigenetic regulation of p62/SQSTM1 overcomes the radioresistance of head and neck cancer cells via autophagy-dependent senescence induction
Authors: Lee Myungjin , Nam Hae Yun , Kang Hee-Bum , Lee Won Hyeok , Lee Geun-Hee , Sung Gi-Jun , Han Myung Woul , Cho Kyung-Ja , Chang Eun-Ju , Choi Kyung-Chul , Kim Seong Who , Kim Sang Yoon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTumors are composed of subpopulations of cancer cells with functionally distinct features. Intratumoral heterogeneity limits the therapeutic effectiveness of cancer drugs. To address this issue, it is important to understand the regulatory mechanisms driving a subclonal variety within a therapy-resistant tumor. We identified tumor subclones of HN9 head and neck cancer cells showing distinct responses to radiation with different levels of p62 expression. Genetically identical grounds but epigenetic heterogeneity of the p62 promoter regions revealed that radioresistant HN9-R clones displayed low p62 expression via the creation of repressive chromatin architecture, in which cooperation between DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferases 1) and HDAC1 (histone deacetylases 1) resulted in DNA methylation and repressive H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 marks in the p62 promoter. Combined inhibition of DNMT1 and HDAC1 by genetic depletion or inhibitors enhanced the suppressive effects on proliferative capacity and in vivo tumorigenesis following irradiation. Importantly, ectopically p62-overexpressed HN9-R clones increased the induction of senescence along with p62-dependent autophagy activation. These results demonstrate the heterogeneous expression of p62 as the key component of clonal variation within a tumor against irradiation. Understanding the epigenetic diversity of p62 heterogeneity among subclones allows for improved identification of the functional state of subclones and provides a novel treatment option to resolve resistance to current therapies.
A neural m6A/Ythdf pathway is required for learning and memory in Drosophila
Authors: Kan Lijuan , Ott Stanislav , Joseph Brian , Park Eun Sil , Dai Wei , Kleiner Ralph E. , Claridge-Chang Adam , Lai Eric C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEpitranscriptomic modifications can impact behavior. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster to study N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant modification of mRNA. Proteomic and functional analyses confirm its nuclear (Ythdc1) and cytoplasmic (Ythdf) YTH domain proteins as major m6A binders. Assays of short term memory in m6A mutants reveal neural-autonomous requirements of m6A writers working via Ythdf, but not Ythdc1. Furthermore, m6A/Ythdf operate specifically via the mushroom body, the center for associative learning. We map m6A from wild-type and Mettl3 mutant heads, allowing robust discrimination of Mettl3-dependent m6A sites that are highly enriched in 5’ UTRs. Genomic analyses indicate that Drosophila m6A is preferentially deposited on genes with low translational efficiency and that m6A does not affect RNA stability. Nevertheless, functional tests indicate a role for m6A/Ythdf in translational activation. Altogether, our molecular genetic analyses and tissue-specific m6A maps reveal selective behavioral and regulatory defects for the Drosophila Mettl3/Ythdf pathway.