bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“When Will I Feel Normal?”
Authors: Currin-McCulloch Jennifer , Kaushik Shivani , Jones Barbara 
Published: June 2021

Background
The diagnosis of an advanced cancer during young adulthood frequently entails the loss of confidence in physical function, as well as the certainty of achieving future social, vocational, and existential aspirations. These losses leave young adults with tenuous holds on facets of their life that foster hope and meaning.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the unique physical and psychosocial-spiritual losses and patterns of grief responses among young adults living with advanced cancer.

Interventions/Methods
Theoretical sampling led to the recruitment of 13 young adults, ages 23 to 38 years, diagnosed with stage III or IV cancer. Participants completed 1 semistructured interview, a timeline of pivotal moments throughout their illness, and a sociodemographic survey. Glaser’s grounded theory methods informed the study design and analysis.

Results
Young adults displayed patterns of disorienting grief, which left them bereft of almost all familiar facets of their pretrauma lives and identities. Disorienting physical and psychosocial-spiritual losses presented in the following subcategories: disorientation to all aspects of former life, lost identity, and isolation.

Conclusions
Findings from this study reveal a novel framework from which to interpret grief experiences among young adults living with advanced cancer.

Implications for Nursing Practice
The implementation of grief assessments and interventions during pivotal stages in young adults’ cancer treatment and recovery may ameliorate psychological distress and normalize perceptions of life disruptions. Nursing education before treatment initiation and termination can reduce young adults’ fears surrounding unfamiliar symptoms and prepare them for the physical and emotional uncertainties that often accompany remission or end-of-life.
18F-Fluciclovine–Avid Reactive Axillary Lymph Nodes After COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Wong Franklin C. , Martiniova Lucia , Masrani Avantika , Ravizzini Gregory C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A 74-year-old man presenting with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer 9 months after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy underwent 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT for restaging to determine subsequent treatment strategy. Serum prostate-specific antigen was 0.7 ng/mL at the time of imaging. Images demonstrated foci of abnormal increased 18F-fluciclovine uptake corresponding to prominent round lymph nodes in the left axilla, some of which with fatty hila. Due to recent mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in the ipsilateral arm and the low likelihood of nodal metastases to the axilla from prostate cancer in this patient, the lymph nodes were considered to be benign, reactive to the vaccine.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Identifies Two Novel Rare Mutations in BMP5 and BMP2 in Monozygotic Twins With Microtia
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Qiushi , Guo Yanqing , Lin Lin , Yang Qinghua , Jiang Haiyue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Microtia is a rare congenital anomaly of the ear; it is regulated by both genetic and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are unknown. In this study, the genomes of 2-year-old twin sisters with right microtia were sequenced using human genome-wide sequencing, an approach useful for identifying mutations in genes responsible for congenital microtia. The phenotypes of the twin sisters included congenital microtia on the right side, abnormal auricle shape in the right external ear, a peanut shape for the residual ear, and complete atresia of the right external auditory canal. In the twin sisters, we identified a previously unknown mutation in BMP5(exon4:c.833- 4C>G), as well as a new mutation (exon2:c.G332T:p.S111I) in BMP2, both of which were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction-based amplification of the corresponding genome regions, followed by first-generation sequencing. The exon4:c.833-4C>G mutation in human BMP5 may be the main cause of microtia in the twin sisters. A pathogenic mutation in human BMP2 (exon2:c.G332T:p.S111I) may be responsible for the facial deformity in the twin sisters. Thus, our study demonstrates the potential of genome-wide sequencing for identifying novel mutations associated with microtia on the whole-genome scale and extends the mutation spectrum of BMP5. Additionally, our data suggest that BMP2 is another pathogenic gene associated with microtia.
Surgical Management of Craniomaxillofacial Features in the Otopalatodigital Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Roland-Billecart Thomas , Schlund Matthias , Lauwers Ludovic , Nicot Romain , Ferri Joel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorders are caused by Filamin A (FLNA) gene mutations. Otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorders are a group of rare congenital skeletal dysplasia, with specific craniomaxillofacial features including otopalatodigital syndrome type 1 and type 2, Melnick-Needles syndrome, frontometaphyseal dysplasia, terminal osseous dysplasia with pigmentary defects. The authors describe cases of a young girl with Melnick-Needles syndrome and a young boy with frontometaphyseal dysplasia treated in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department. Both patients had FLNA gene mutation confirmed with molecular genetic analysis. The authors proposed a 4 step treatment of the malformations with good outcomes both aesthetically and functionally, without complication.
Long-term Survival After Repair of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Is Improving Over Time: Nationwide Analysis During Twenty-four Years in Sweden (1994–2017)
Authors: D’Oria Mario , Gunnarsson Kim , Wanhainen Anders , Mani Kevin 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To investigate long-term survival after ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) repair in Sweden during twenty-four years (1994–2017).

Summary Background Data:
Management of rAAA has seen significant changes in the past decades, with the shifting from open (OAR) to endovascular (EVAR) being the most striking, thereby enabling treatment of elderly patients with multiple comorbidities.

Methods:
A registry-based nationwide cohort study was performed, and three 8-year periods (1994–2001, 2002–2009, 2010–2017) were compared for crude long-term survival with Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses. Relative survival compared to matched general population referents was estimated.

Results:
Overall, 8928 rAAA repair subjects were identified (1994–2001 N = 3368; 2002–2009 N = 3405; 2010–2017 N = 2155). The proportion of octogenarians (20.6%; 27.5%; 34.0%; P < 0.001), women (14.3%; 18.5%; 20.6%; P < 0.001), and EVAR procedures (1.5%; 14.9%; 35.5%; P < 0.001) increased over time. The crude 5-year survival was 36%; 44%; 43% (P < 0.0001). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis displayed a decreasing mortality hazard ratio (HR) over time (1.00; 0.80; 0.72; P < 0.001). Use of EVAR was associated with reduced hazards of crude long-term mortality (HR = 0.80, P < 0.001). Relative survival for patients surviving the perioperative period (ie, 90 days) was lower than matched general population referents, and was stable over time (relative 5-year survival: 86% vs 88%, vs 86% P <0.001).

Conclusions:
Nationwide analysis of long-term outcomes after repair of rAAA in Sweden during 24 years (1994–2017) has revealed that, despite changes in the baseline population characteristics as well as in the treatment strategy, long-term survival improved over time.
Association of Bariatric Surgery and Risk of Cancer in Patients With Morbid Obesity
Authors: Khalid Syed I. , Maasarani Samantha , Wiegmann Julia , Wiegmann Aaron L. , Becerra Adan Z. , Omotosho Philip , Torquati Alfonso 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
This study investigates the rates of obesity-related cancers in patients undergoing vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), or no surgical intervention.

Summary Background Data:
Obesity has been previously associated with increased rates of cancers; however, weight loss surgeries have not been explored to demonstrate their potential risk reduction impact.

Methods:
Patients meeting bariatric eligibility criteria between January 2010 and December 2018 were identified. Exact 1:1:1 matching based on baseline patient demographics and comorbidities was used to create 3 groups with identical covariates: patients undergoing VSG, RYGB, and no surgery.

Results:
A total of 28, bariatric-eligible patients equally split into patients undergoing VSG (n = 9636, 33.3%), RYGB (n = 9636, 33.3%), and those with no surgical intervention (n = 9636, 33.3%). Bariatric-eligible patients that did not undergo surgical intervention had significantly higher rates and odds of developing numerous cancer types included in our study when compared to either surgical cohorts, with any cancer type (4.61%), uterine (0.86%), colorectal (0.57%), and lung cancers (0.50%) being most common. Individuals undergoing RYGB were significantly less likely to develop colorectal cancer compared to patients without any surgical intervention [odds ratio (OR) 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30–0.75]. Additionally, those undergoing VSG were significantly less likely to develop lung cancer than the bariatric eligible no surgery cohort (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.25–0.70).

Conclusion:
Postoperative rates of any cancer type, lung, ovarian, and uterine cancer were significantly lower in obese patients undergoing either vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) or RYGB compared to bariatric-eligible patients without any surgical intervention.
Effects of a Self-Management Program for Patients With Colorectal Cancer and a Colostomy
Authors: Song Qin fen , Yin Guangxiao , Guo Xiaopeng , Lv Xue , Yu Keling , Liu Chune 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE:
We constructed a self-management program for rectal cancer survivors with colostomies and evaluated the effect of the program on self-efficacy, self-management ability, and incidence of stomal and peristomal complications.

DESIGN:
A prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
Participants were recruited from 4 proctology departments in a tertiary hospital in northeast China. Fifty-five were assigned to the intervention group and 56 were assigned to the control group; 26 were lost to follow-up. Therefore, data analysis was based on 43 participants in the intervention group and 42 in the control group.

METHODS:
Control group patients received the standard care where guidance and stoma care manuals were given the day before hospital discharge, and regular telephone follow-up twice a month for 3 months. Participants in the experimental group received, in addition to standard care, a self-management program delivered via a multimedia messaging app initiated after discharge available over a 6-week period. Primary outcomes were self-efficacy and self-management ability; we also analyzed the incidence of stomal and peristomal complications as a secondary outcome. Between-groups outcomes were analyzed via a repeated-measures analysis of variance.

RESULTS:
Analysis indicated intervention group participants had higher levels of self-efficacy and self-management of their colostomies than did control group participants. Analysis also revealed intervention group participants had a lower incidence of peristomal complications; no differences in the incidence of stomal complications were found.

CONCLUSIONS:
Study findings suggest that use of the multimedia messaging app-based self-management program enhanced self-efficacy and self-management, while reducing the incidence of peristomal complications in rectal cancer survivors with colostomies.
Solar simulated ultraviolet radiation inactivates HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses at environmentally relevant doses
Authors: Wondrak Georg T. , Jandova Jana , Williams Spencer J. , Schenten Dominik 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe germicidal properties of short wavelength ultraviolet C (UVC) light are well established and used to inactivate many viruses and other microbes. However, much less is known about germicidal effects of terrestrial solar UV light, confined exclusively to wavelengths in the UVA and UVB regions. Here, we have explored the sensitivity of the human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV-2 to solar-simulated full spectrum ultraviolet light (sUV) delivered at environmentally relevant doses. First, HCoV-NL63 coronavirus inactivation by sUV-exposure was confirmed employing (i) viral plaque assays, (ii) RT-qPCR detection of viral genome replication, and (iii) infection-induced stress response gene expression array analysis. Next, a detailed dose-response relationship of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus inactivation by sUV was elucidated, suggesting a half maximal suppression of viral infectivity at low sUV doses. Likewise, extended sUV exposure of SARS-CoV-2 blocked cellular infection as revealed by plaque assay and stress response gene expression array analysis. Moreover, comparative (HCoV-NL63 versus SARS-CoV-2) single gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR confirmed that sUV exposure blocks coronavirus-induced redox, inflammatory, and proteotoxic stress responses. Based on our findings, we estimate that solar ground level full spectrum UV light impairs coronavirus infectivity at environmentally relevant doses. Given the urgency and global scale of the unfolding SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, these prototype data suggest feasibility of solar UV-induced viral inactivation, an observation deserving further molecular exploration in more relevant exposure models.
Effect of prophylactic use of intra-nasal oil formulations in the hamster model of Covid-19
Authors: Rizvi Zaigham Abbas , Tripathy Manas Ranjan , Sharma Nishant , Goswami Sandeep , Srikanth N , Sastry J L N , Mani Shailendra , Surjit Milan , Awasthi Amit , Dikshit Madhu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection initiates with viral entry in upper respiratory tract leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Severe Covid-19 is characterized by pulmonary pathologies associated with respiratory failure. Thus, therapeutics aimed at inhibiting entry of the virus or its internalization in the upper respiratory tract, are of interest. Herein, we report the prophylactic application of two intra-nasal formulations provided by the National Medicinal Plant Board (NMPB), Anu oil and Til tailya in SARS-CoV2 infection hamster model. Prophylactic nasal instillation of these oil formulations exhibited reduced viral load in lungs, and resulted in reduced body weight loss and pneumonitis. In line with reduced viral load, histopathlogical analysis revealed a reduction in lung pathology in Anu oil group as compared to the control infected group. However, Til tailya group did not show a significant reduction in lung pathology. Furthermore, molecular analysis using mRNA expression profiling indicated reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines genes, including Th1 and Th17 cytokines for both the intra-nasal formulations as a result of decreased viral load. Together, the prophylactic intra-nasal application of Annu oil seems to be useful in limiting both the viral load and disease severity disease in SARS-CoV2 infection in hamster model.
Serum Neutralizing Activity of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Choi Angela , Koch Matthew , Wu Kai , Dixon Groves , Oestreicher Judy , Legault Holly , Stewart□Jones Guillaume B.E. , Colpitts Tonya , Pajon Rolando , Bennett Hamilton , Carfi Andrea , Edwards Darin K. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has led to growing concerns over increased transmissibility and the ability of some variants to partially escape immunity. Sera from participants immunized on a prime-boost schedule with the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine were tested for neutralizing activity against several SARS-CoV-2 variants, including variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs), compared to neutralization of the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus (designated as D614G). Results showed minimal effects on neutralization titers against the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant (1.2-fold reduction compared with D614G); other VOCs such as B.1.351 (Beta, including B.1.351-v1, B.1.351-v2, and B.1.351-v3), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and P.1 (Gamma) showed decreased neutralization titers ranging from 2.1-fold to 8.4-fold reductions compared with D614G, although all remained susceptible to mRNA-1273–elicited serum neutralization.
Multiple levels of triggered factors and positive effect of cell-to-cell bottleneck in mutation repair of RNA viruses
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Yu Chengming , Geng Guowei , Su Chenyu , Yuan Xuefeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDebilitating mutation in RNA viruses can be repaired via different mechanisms, while triggering factors of mutation repair were poorly understood. In this study, multiple levels of triggering factors of mutation repair was identified based on genetic damage of tRNA-like structure (TLS) in cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). TLS mutation in different RNAs of CMV distinctively impacted the pathogenicity and mutation repair. Relative quantity defect of RNA2 or quality defect of RNA3 resulting from TLS mutation was correlated with high rate of mutation repair, and TLS mutation of RNA1 failed to be repaired. However, TLS mutation of RNA1 can be repaired in the mixed inoculation with RNA2 having pre-termination mutation of 2b or at the low dose of original inoculation, especially around dilution end-point. Taken together, TLS mutation resulting into quality or quantity defect of viral genome or TLS mutation at low dose around dilution end-point was inclined to be repaired. In addition, different levels of mutation repair of TLS necessarily required the cell-to-cell movement, which implied the positive effect of cell-to-cell bottleneck on evolution of low-fitness virus, a phenomenon opposite to the Muller ratchet. This study provided important revelations on virus evolution and application of viral mild vaccine.Author summaryDue to the low-fidelity of replicase, debilitating RNA viruses can be repaired through different mechanisms, which implied the resilience of RNA viruses. In this study, we identified multiple levels of triggered factors and occurrence occasion of mutation repair using the divided genome of CMV, which contained conserved cis-element tRNA-like structure (TLS) at the 3’end. TLS mutation of different RNA in CMV presented different rate of mutation repair from 0-80%. TLS mutation resulting into genomic quality or quantity defect or at low dose around dilution end-point was inclined to be repaired. However, all above types of mutation repair necessarily required cell-to-cell movement, which presented the positive effect of cell-to-cell bottleneck on virus evolution and increased fitness of low-fitness RNA viruses. It is an opposite phenomenon to the Muller ratchet, in which bottleneck always decreased the fitness of viruses. Except to identify the triggering factors of mutation repair in RNA viruses, this study also provided important revelations on creation and application of mild vaccine based on RNA viruses.
Radiolabeling of PSMA-617 with 89Zr: A Novel Use of DMSO for Radiochemical Yield Enhancement and Preliminary Small-Animal PET Results
Authors: Imura Ryota , Ozeki Atsuko Nakanishi , Shida Nanako , Kobayashi Mika , Ida Hiroyuki , Wada Youichiro , Akimitsu Nobuyoshi , Kumakura Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionProstate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted ligands, including PSMA-617, have been developed for theranostics of prostate cancer. 68Ga-PSMA-617 is the de facto standard of PSMA Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for imaging in prostate cancer patients prior to radioligand therapy (RLT) with 177Lu-PSMA-617. The dose-limiting toxicity for PSMA-RLT is damage to the kidney. PET scans using 68Ga-PSMA-617 have to be performed within a few hours of injection due to its short half-life (68 min). However, the presence of radioactivity in urine at the PET imaging timepoint hampers the dose optimization of 177Lu (half-life 6.6 d)-labeled PSMA-617. Thus, the long-lived positron emitter 89Zr (half-life 3.3 d) is suited for optimizing the doses of 177Lu-PSMA-617 because PET scans can be performed after excretion of radioactive urine. Although 89Zr has great potential for PET imaging, its inadequate incorporation into 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), limits its applications. Here, we report the radiolabeling of PSMA-617 with 89Zr and preliminary PET imaging studies using 89Zr-PSMA-617.MethodsDMSO and HEPES buffer were used to label PSMA-617 with 89Zr. The dissociation constant (Kd) of 89Zr-PSMA-617 was determined using a cell-binding assay. Delayed-PET scans using 89Zr-PSMA-617 were performed at 24 h (N = 5).Results89Zr-PSMA-617 was prepared with a radiochemical yield of 70 ± 9%. The Kd value was 6.8 nM. In PET imaging, standardized uptake value (SUV) was highest in LNCaP tumors (SUVmax = 0.98 ± 0.32), whereas it was low in kidney (SUVmax = 0.18 ± 0.7).ConclusionThe preparation of 89Zr-PSMA-617 was achieved by using the DMSO and HEPES buffer. 89Zr-PSMA-617 visualize the PSMA positive LNCaP tumors without accumulation in bladder.Advances in knowledge and implications for patient careThe use of 89Zr-PSMA-617 to predict the radiation doses in normal tissues lead to safe and effective RLT with 177Lu-PSMA-617.
Neuronal KGB-1 JNK MAPK signaling regulates the dauer developmental decision in response to environmental stress in C. elegans
Authors: Dogra Deepshikha , Kulalert Warakorn , Schroeder Frank C. , Kim Dennis H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn response to stressful growth conditions of high population density, food scarcity and elevated temperature, young larvae of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can enter a developmentally arrested stage called dauer that is characterized by dramatic anatomic and metabolic remodeling. Genetic analysis of dauer formation of C. elegans has served as an experimental paradigm for the identification and characterization of conserved neuroendocrine signaling pathways. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a conserved JNK-like mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that is required for dauer formation in response to environmental stressors. We observed that loss-of-function mutations in the MLK-1-MEK-1-KGB-1 MAPK pathway suppress dauer entry. Loss-of-function mutation in the VHP-1 MAPK phosphatase, a known negative regulator of KGB-1 signaling, results in constitutive dauer formation which is dependent on the presence of dauer pheromone but independent of diminished food levels or elevated temperatures. Our data suggest that KGB-1 pathway acts in the sensory neurons, in parallel to established insulin and TGF-β signaling pathways, to transduce the dauer-inducing environmental cues of diminished food levels and elevated temperature.