bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data assimilation approach to last millennium temperature field reconstruction using a limited high-sensitivity proxy network
Authors: King Jonathan M. , Anchukaitis Kevin J. , Tierney Jessica E. , Hakim Gregory J. , Emile-Geay Julien , Zhu Feng , Wilson Rob 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe use theNorthern Hemisphere Tree-RingNetwork Development (NTREND) tree-ring database to examine the effects of using a small, highly-sensitive proxy network for paleotemperature data assimilation over the last millennium. We first evaluate our methods using pseudo-proxy experiments. These indicate that spatial assimilations using this network are skillful in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere and improve on previous NTREND reconstructions based on Point-by-Point regression. We also find our method is sensitive to climate model biases when the number of sites becomes small. Based on these experiments, we then assimilate the real NTREND network. To quantify model prior uncertainty, we produce 10 separate reconstructions, each assimilating a different climate model. These reconstructions are most dissimilar prior to 1100 CE, when the network becomes sparse, but show greater consistency as the network grows. Temporal variability is also underestimated before 1100 CE. Our assimilation method produces spatial uncertainty estimates and these identify treeline North America and eastern Siberia as regions that would most benefit from development of new millennial-length temperature-sensitive tree-ring records. We compare our multi-model mean reconstruction to five existing paleo-temperature products to examine the range of reconstructed responses to radiative forcing. We find substantial differences in the spatial patterns and magnitudes of reconstructed responses to volcanic eruptions and in the transition between the Medieval epoch and Little Ice Age. These extant uncertainties call for the development of a paleoclimate reconstruction intercomparison framework for systematically examining the consequences of proxy network composition and reconstruction methodology and for continued expansion of tree-ring proxy networks.
Complex PTSD and personality disorder in ICD-11: when to assign one or two diagnoses?
Authors: Felding Simon Ungar , Mikkelsen Line Bang , Bach Bo 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To outline overlap and boundaries between ICD-11 definitions of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) and personality disorder (PD) and propose guiding principles that may assist practitioners in assigning one or both of the two diagnoses. Conclusions: The ICD-11 definitions for C-PTSD and PD are substantially comparable in terms of self- and interpersonal problems, and childhood trauma may be at the root of both disorders. The ICD-11 formally recognizes this overlap and allows the assignment of both diagnoses at the same time. The C-PTSD diagnosis essentially differs from a PD diagnosis by requiring a history of trauma and PTSD symptoms. Moreover, C-PTSD typically involves stable and persistent patterns of negative self-perception while emphasizing avoidant interpersonal patterns. In comparison, the PD diagnosis may differ from C-PTSD by allowing an unstable or internally contradictory sense of self, which may involve both overly negative and overly positive self-views. When the diagnostic requirements for both C-PTSD and PD are met, only the C-PTSD diagnosis should be assigned, unless the PD diagnosis may contribute with clinically useful information that is not sufficiently covered by the C-PTSD diagnosis. The outlined similarities and boundaries must be further corroborated by future empirical studies.
Expert consensus on the operation of an adult tertiary intellectual disability mental health service in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Walsh Jessica A , Weise Janelle , Eagleson Claire , Trollor Julian N , Cvejic Rachael C 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To identify and reach consensus on the priorities and operation of an adult tertiary intellectual disability mental health service in New South Wales, Australia. Method: An online Delphi consultation was conducted with 25 intellectual disability mental health experts. Results: Participants agreed that the service should involve a multidisciplinary team and accept people with an intellectual disability aged over 15 years with complex needs and/or atypical presentations. Agreed service roles included short-term assessment, diagnosis and treatment, providing high-level clinical advice, and capacity building. Endorsed principles and practical ways of working align with existing guidelines. Conclusions: This study describes experts’ views on how an adult tertiary intellectual disability mental health service should operate in New South Wales. Further consultation is needed to determine the views of people with an intellectual disability and mental health staff.
Evaluation of a Large Scale Advance Care Planning Co-Design Education Program for Chinese-Speaking People in Australia
Authors: Wong Aaron Kee Yee , Collins Anna , Ng Andrew , Buizen Luke , Philip Jennifer , Le Brian 
Published: May 2021

Background: Advance care planning (ACP) is important, however ethnic minorities have half the completion rates in the United States compared to Caucasian counterparts, and in Australia only 3.5% of advance directives were completed by those overseas-born.Educational intervention improves ACP knowledge and subsequent uptake. We evaluated immediate and longer-term outcomes of a co-designed ACP education toolkit in Chinese-speaking people in Victoria, Australia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Chinese-speaking community members who participated in a co-designed Chinese ACP educational workshop. A self-selected subgroup were subsequently contacted 6 months later to determine longer-term outcomes. Results: Of 519 attendees across 17 workshops, 325 (63%) completed the evaluation. The majority (63%;n = 206) were previously unaware of ACP. Perception of receipt of useful information positively correlated with motivation to undertake ACP ( r = 0.3486, p < 0.001). Of the 70 participants who consented to follow up, 36% (n = 26) agreed to participate in structured telephone interviews. English speakers were more likely to have undertaken ACP (n = 6 vs n = 3). ACP completion was not associated with being a carer or suffering from cancer or chronic illness. Conclusions: This first Australian study evaluating ACP co-design education implementation outcomes in Chinese-speaking people supports that motivation to undertake ACP is related to knowledge, albeit a modest ACP uptake in a small follow up sample. Clinicians should note that this assists with ACP uptake, with likely downstream improved health outcomes. This co-designed toolkit could be helpful in increasing ACP uptake. Future engagement by Chinese language societies to overcome further barriers to ACP is needed.
Oriahnn: New Drug Approved for Treating Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Women With Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Lynch Sarah E. , Mayer Danielle C. 
Published: May 2021

Objective To review data of elagolix plus estradiol and norethindrone acetate as add-back therapy for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in premenopausal women with uterine fibroids. Data Sources Literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE and SCOPUS was performed using the search terms Oriahnn; elagolix, estradiol, norethindrone AND heavy menstrual bleeding; elagolix AND heavy menstrual bleeding; and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist AND heavy menstrual bleeding between January 1, 1996, to March 2, 2021. Additional data were obtained from prescribing information, references of identified articles, and abstracts from scientific meetings. Study Selection/Data Extraction Clinical trials and articles discussing elagolix plus add-back therapy for the management of HMB in women with leiomyomas were included. Data Synthesis Phase 3 trials met the primary end point of menstrual blood loss (MBL) less than 80 mL at month 6 and at least a 50% reduction in MBL from baseline to the final month in 68.5% of women taking elagolix plus add-back therapy enrolled in UF-1 (8.7% placebo) and 76.5% of women in UF-2 (10% placebo). The most common adverse effects include hot flushes, nausea, headache, and night sweats. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice Women with symptomatic uterine fibroids can experience significant HMB resulting in distress, depression, and anxiety. Surgical intervention remains the most commonly recommended and chosen treatment. Elagolix plus add-back therapy is a nonsurgical, oral option. Conclusions Elagolix plus add-back therapy is effective in reducing menstrual bleeding associated with uterine fibroids. However, there are several warnings and precautions that must be considered.
The importance of alcohol in elderly's hospital admissions for fall injuries: a population case-control study
Authors: Bye Elin K. , Bogstrand Stig Tore , Rossow Ingeborg 
Published: May 2021

Background: Fall injuries account for a substantial part of the health burden among elderly persons, and they often affect life quality severely and impose large societal costs. Alcohol intoxication is a well-known risk factor for accidental injuries, but less is known about this association among elderly people. In this study, our aim was to assess whether risk of fall injuries among the elderly is elevated with an intoxication-oriented drinking pattern. Method: We applied a population case-control design and data from persons aged 60 years and over in Norway. Cases comprised patients with fall injuries admitted to a hospital emergency department ( n = 424), and controls were participants in general population surveys ( n = 1859). Drinking pattern was assessed from self-reports of drinking frequency and intoxication frequency. Age and gender-adjusted association between fall injury and drinking pattern was estimated in logistic regression models. Fall injuries were considered alcohol-related if blood alcohol concentration exceeded 0.01% and/or the patient reported alcohol intake within six hours prior to injury. Results: The risk of fall injuries was highly elevated among those reporting drinking to intoxication monthly or more often ( OR = 10.2, 95% CI 5.5–19.0). Among cases, the vast majority of those with alcohol-related fall injuries (64 of 68) reported drinking to intoxication. Conclusions: A drinking pattern comprising alcohol intoxication elevated the risk of fall injuries among elderly people. As alcohol use is a modifiable risk factor, the findings suggest a potential to curb the number of fall injuries and their consequences by employing effective strategies to prevent intoxication drinking among the elderly.
A feasibility study of the impact of a communication-skills course, ‘Empowered Conversations’, for care partners of people living with dementia
Authors: Morris Lydia , Innes Anthea , Smith Emma , Williamson Tracey , McEvoy Phil 
Published: May 2021

Objectives To examine the feasibility, acceptability and impact of an experiential course for family care partners of people living with dementia, Empowered Conversations (EC). This study aimed to assess the impact of participation in an EC course on care partner stress levels, communication and mentalization (a form of relational-based empathy). Method This study uses an uncontrolled pre–post-follow-up design. Follow-up was at 4-months after the initial EC session where baseline data were collected. One hundred and fifty-nine care partners were recruited. EC is a training course that has been designed to improve care partner communication, well-being and relationships. It is based on an integrative framework that targets the specific psychological, relationship and communication needs of carers. This framework informs targeted strategies and interactive exercises that facilitate carers to consider the goals and emotions of those they are caring for, alongside their own goals and emotions, and to use this to maximize good communication. Results Stress was significantly reduced across the three time points. Communication significantly improved across time. There were no significant changes in reflective functioning (mentalization). Discussion This study provides preliminary evidence that a communication-skills training course for care partners of people living with dementia is an acceptable and feasible intervention and has an impact both post-intervention and at follow-up. These findings require validation in a rigorous, randomized study.
A Branch-to-Branch Through-and-Through Wire Technique to Redirect a Branch Malposition in Multibranched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Youssef Marwan , Gunaseelan Meera 
Published: May 2021

Objective To describe a novel technique to redirect a malrotated branch when treating a symptomatic juxtarenal aortic aneurysm using an off-the-shelf multibranched endograft. Technique A 75-year-old patient was admitted because of a symptomatic juxtarenal aortic aneurysm with a maximum diameter of 9.2 cm. The aneurysm showed no infrarenal neck. Because of his comorbidities, an endovascular repair using off-the-shelf multibranched endograft was considered as urgent procedure. During the deployment, the devise malrotated clockwise. The incorporation of the renal branches was performed successfully; however, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) branch was malpositioned, so that the SMA could not be cannulated. Both celiac and SMA branches were simultaneously cannulated and snared outside of the endograft redirecting the malrotated SMA branch (a branch-to-branch through-and-through wire technique). Leaving the through-and-through wire in situ, the SMA could be intubated using parallel wire through the SMA branch. The final angiogram showed a good perfusion of the renovisceral vessels. The aneurysm was completely excluded. The patient was discharged into a rehabilitation facility 8 days later without complications. The 12-month follow-up period was uneventful. Conclusion A branch-to-branch through-and-through wire technique for branch repositioning is feasible and may present a bailout tool.
Bilateral Use of Iliac Branch Devices for Aortoiliac Aneurysms Is Safe and Feasible, and Procedural Volume Does Not Seem to Affect Technical or Clinical Effectiveness: Early and Midterm Results From the pELVIS International Multicentric Registry
Authors: D’Oria Mario , Pitoulias Georgios A. , Torsello Giovanni F. , Pitoulias Apostolos G. , Fazzini Stefano , Masciello Fabrizio , Verzini Fabio , Donas Konstantinos P. ,   for the pELVIS Registry Investigators, Taneva Gergana T. , Austermann Martin , Bosiers Michel , Dorigo Walter , Cao Piergiorgio , Ferrer Ciro , Ippoliti Arnaldo , Barbante Matteo , Parlani Gianbattista , Simonte Gioele , Kölbel Tilo , Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Haulon Stephan , Branzan Daniela , Schmidt Andrej , Pratesi Carlo , Fargion Aaron , Pratesi Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

Objective To evaluate early and follow-up outcomes following bilateral use of iliac branch devices (IBD) for aortoiliac endografting and assess the impact of center volume. We used data from the pELVIS international multicentric registry. Methods For the purpose of this study, only those patients receiving concomitant bilateral IBD implantation were analyzed. To assess the impact that procedural volume of bilateral IBD implantation could have on early and follow-up outcomes, participating institutions were classified as Site(s) A if they had performed >10 and/or >20% concomitant bilateral IBD procedure, otherwise they were classified as Site(s) B. Endpoints of the analysis included early (ie, 30-day) mortality and morbidity, as well as all-cause and aneurysm-related mortality during follow-up. Additional endpoints that were evaluated included IBD-related reinterventions, IBD occlusion or stenosis requiring reintervention (ie, loss of primary patency), and IBD-related type I endoleak. Results Overall, 96 patients received bilateral IBD implantation (out of 910 procedures collected in the whole pELVIS cohort), of whom 65 were treated at Site A (ie, Group A) and 31 were treated at Site(s) B (ie, Group B). In total, only 1 death occurred within 30 days from bilateral IBD implantation, and 9 patients experienced at least 1 major complication without any significant difference between subjects in Group A versus those in Group B (10.8% vs 6.5%, p=0.714). In the overall cohort, the 2-year freedom from IBD-related type I endoleaks and IBD primary patency were 96% and 92%, respectively; no significant differences were seen in those rates between Group A or Group B (95% vs 100%, p=0.335; 93% vs 88%, p=0.470). Freedom from any IBD-related reinterventions was 83% at 2 years, with similar rates between study groups (85% vs 83%, p=0.904). Conclusions Within the pELVIS registry, concomitant bilateral IBD implantation is a safe and feasible technique for management of aortoiliac aneurysms in patients with suitable anatomy. Despite increased technical complexity, effectiveness of the repair is satisfactory with low rates of IBD-related adverse events at mid-term follow-up. Procedural volume does not seem to affect technical or clinical outcomes after bilateral use of IBD, which remains a favorable treatment option in selected patients.
Small-head metal on metal total hip arthroplasty is associated with a high rate of complication and reoperation at mid-term follow-up
Authors: Sumiyoshi Nobuhiko , Oinuma Kazuhiro , Miura Yoko 
Published: May 2021

Background: Adverse reactions to metal debris are significant complications after metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. Recently, late appearances of adverse reactions to metal debris and subsequent need for reoperations have been reported with small-diameter head metal-on-metal devices. We retrospectively investigated mid-term clinical outcomes of small-head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. Methods: We reviewed 159 hips in 139 patients who had a small-head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (M2a Taper; Biomet, Warsaw, IN) with a minimum 5-year follow-up and documented postoperative complications. Results: Focal osteolysis in either the femur or acetabulum was observed in 12 hips (7.5%, 44 months after surgery on average), with pseudotumor observed in 8 hips (5%, 120 months after surgery on average). Four hips (2.5%) had dislocations (84 months after surgery on average) and six hips (3.8%, 122 months after surgery on average) underwent reoperation. Conclusion: Small-head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty is associated with a high degree of complications at mid-term follow-up period. Considering this, we discourage the use of metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty regardless of head size.
RcTGA1 and glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway involvement in the defence of rose against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Gao Penghua , Zhang Hao , Yan Huijun , Wang Qigang , Yan Bo , Jian Hongying , Tang Kaixue , Qiu Xianqin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Rose is an important economic crop in horticulture. However, its field growth and postharvest quality are negatively affected by grey mould disease caused by Botrytis c. However, it is unclear how rose plants defend themselves against this fungal pathogen. Here, we used transcriptomic, metabolomic and VIGS analyses to explore the mechanism of resistance to Botrytis c.

Result
In this study, a protein activity analysis revealed a significant increase in defence enzyme activities in infected plants. RNA-Seq of plants infected for 0 h, 36 h, 60 h and 72 h produced a total of 54 GB of clean reads. Among these reads, 3990, 5995 and 8683 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in CK vs. T36, CK vs. T60 and CK vs. T72, respectively. Gene annotation and cluster analysis of the DEGs revealed a variety of defence responses to Botrytis c. infection, including resistance (R) proteins, MAPK cascade reactions, plant hormone signal transduction pathways, plant-pathogen interaction pathways, Ca2+ and disease resistance-related genes. qPCR verification showed the reliability of the transcriptome data. The PTRV2-RcTGA1-infected plant material showed improved susceptibility of rose to Botrytis c. A total of 635 metabolites were detected in all samples, which could be divided into 29 groups. Metabonomic data showed that a total of 59, 78 and 74 DEMs were obtained for T36, T60 and T72 (T36: Botrytis c. inoculated rose flowers at 36 h; T60: Botrytis c. inoculated rose flowers at 60 h; T72: Botrytis c. inoculated rose flowers at 72 h) compared to CK, respectively. A variety of secondary metabolites are related to biological disease resistance, including tannins, amino acids and derivatives, and alkaloids, among others; they were significantly increased and enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glucosinolates and other disease resistance pathways. This study provides a theoretical basis for breeding new cultivars that are resistant to Botrytis c.

Conclusion
Fifty-four GB of clean reads were generated through RNA-Seq. R proteins, ROS signalling, Ca2+ signalling, MAPK signalling, and SA signalling were activated in the Old Blush response to Botrytis c. RcTGA1 positively regulates rose resistance to Botrytis c. A total of 635 metabolites were detected in all samples. DEMs were enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glucosinolates and other disease resistance pathways.
Half-leaf width symmetric distribution reveals buffering strategy of Cunninghamia lanceolata
Authors: Peng Xi , Zhao Meifang , Liu Shuguang , Yan Wende 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeaf length and width could be a functioning relationship naturally as plant designs. Single-vein leaves have the simplest symmetrical distribution and structural design, which means that fast-growing single-vein species could interpret the scheme more efficiently. The distribution of leaf length and width can be modulated for better adaptation, providing an informative perspective on the various operational strategies in an emergency, while this mechanism is less clear. Here we selected six age groups ofCunninghamia lanceolatapure forests, including saplings, juveniles, mature, and old-growth trees. We pioneered a tapering model to describe half-leaf symmetric distribution with mathematical approximation based on every measured leaf along developmental sequence, and evaluated the ratio of leaf basal part length to total length (called tipping leaf length ratio).ResultsThe tipping leaf length ratio varied among different tree ages. That means the changes of tipping leaf length ratio and leaf shape are a significant but less-noticed reflection of trees tradeoff strategies at different growth stages. For instance, there exhibited relatively low ratio during sapling and juvenile, then increased with increasing age, showing the highest value in their maturity, and finally decreased on mature to old-growth transition. The tipping leaf length ratio serves as a cost-benefit ratio, thus the subtle changes in the leaf symmetrical distribution within individuals reveal buffering strategy, indicating the selection for efficient design of growth and hydraulic in their developmental sequences.ConclusionsOur model provides a physical explanation of varied signatures for tree operations in hydraulic buffering through growth stages, and the buffering strategy revealed from leaf distribution morphologically provides evidence on the regulation mechanism of leaf biomechanics, hydraulics and physiologies. Our insight contributes greatly to plant trait modeling, policy and management, and will be of interest to some scientists and policy makers who are involved in climate change, ecology and environment protection, as well as forest ecology and management.