bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of memory on visual perception in infants, children, and adults
Authors: Jaffe-Dax Sagi , Potter Christine , Leung Tiffany , Emberson Lauren , Lew-Williams Casey 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Perception is not an independent, in-the-moment event. Instead, perceiving involves integrating prior expectations with current observations. How does this ability develop from infancy through adulthood? We examined how prior visual experience shapes visual perception in infants, children, and adults. Using an identical task across age groups, we exposed participants to pairs of colorful stimuli and measured their ability to discriminate relative saturation levels. Results showed that adult participants were biased by previously-experienced exemplars, but exhibited weakened in-the-moment discrimination between different levels of saturation. In contrast, infants and children showed less influence of memory in their perception, and they actually outperformed adults in discriminating between current levels of saturation. Our findings suggest that as humans develop, their perception relies more on prior experience and less on current observation.
Pressure-induced monotonic enhancement of Tc to over 30 K in the superconducting Pr0.82Sr0.18NiO2 thin films
Authors: Wang Ningning , Yang Mingwei , Chen Keyu , Yang Zhen , Zhang Hua , Zhu Zhihai , Uwatoko Yoshiya , Dong Xiaoli , Sun Jianping , Jin Kuijuan , Cheng Jinguang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The successful synthesis of superconducting nickelate thin films with the highest Tc ~ 15 K has reignited great enthusiasms on this class of potential analogue to high-Tc cuprates suggested decades ago. To pursue higher Tc is always an important task in studying new superconductors. Here we report for the first time the effect of pressure on the superconducting properties of infinite-layer Pr0.82Sr0.18NiO2 thin films by measuring electrical resistivity under various pressures in a cubic anvil cell apparatus. We find that the onset of superconductivity, Tconset, can be enhanced monotonically from ~ 18 K at ambient pressure to ~ 31 K without showing signatures of saturation upon increasing pressure to 12.1 GPa in the presence of liquid pressure transmitting medium. This encouraging result indicates that the Tc of infinite-layer nickelates superconductors can be further raised up by applying higher pressures or strain engineering in the heterostructure films. In addition to the pressure effect, we also discussed the influence of stress/strain on the superconducting properties of the nickelate thin films.
Empirical evidence on the efficiency of bidirectional contact tracing in COVID-19
Authors: Raymenants Joren , Geenen Caspar , Nelissen  , Gorissen Sarah , André Emmanuel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Despite ubiquitous rollout of contact tracing to counteract the spread of COVID-19, few countries have been spared from widespread community transmission, highlighting the need for more effective tracing strategies1,2﻿. Standard contact tracing practice identifies, quarantines and tests persons exposed to an infected person during the contagious period, assumed to start two days before symptom onset or diagnosis3,4. Backward contact tracing intends to identify the source of the infection and persons infected by the same source, either by extending the contact tracing window or investigating suspected source events. These approaches have shown promise in modelling studies, but lack empirical data supporting their efficiency5–7. In the first large cohort study on backward contact tracing for COVID-19, we found that extending the contact tracing window backward by 5 days increased the number of identified contacts by 49.2%. The risk of infection amongst these additional contacts was similar to contacts exposed during the standard tracing window and significantly higher than symptomatic individuals in a control group, leading to an increase of 42.0% in cases identified through contact tracing. The risk was not limited to attendees of suspected source events. Our results imply an urgent need to implement backward contact tracing globally.
A search for a stochastic archetype of quantum probability
Authors: Jenkins Tim C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Superposed wavefunctions in quantum mechanics lead to a squared amplitude that introduces interference into a probability density, which has long been a puzzle because interference between probability densities exists nowhere else in probability theory. In recent years Man’ko and co-authors have successfully reconciled quantum and classical probability using a symplectic tomographic model. Nevertheless, there remains an unexplained coincidence in quantum mechanics, namely that mathematically the interference term in the squared amplitude of superposed wavefunctions has the form of a variance of a sum of correlated random variables and we examine whether there could be an archetypical variable behind quantum probability that provides a mathematical foundation that observes both quantum and classical probability directly. The properties that would need to be satisfied for this to be the case are identified, and a generic variable that satisfies them is found that would be present everywhere, transforming into a process-specific variable wherever a quantum process is active. This hidden generic variable appears to be such an archetype.
Economic Growth, Poverty, Urbanization, and the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia: Analysis of Cointegration and Causality
Authors: Jauhari Hadi , Periansya Periansya 
Published: October 2021

In Indonesia, poverty is still considered a serious problem, even though the number of poor people continues to decline significantly. The research aimed to investigate whether there was cointegration between the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), economic growth, and poverty alleviation or not in Indonesia. Secondary data were compiled from annual data in 2000-2019. Data analysis applied the cointegration test and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) test. The results show a one-way causality between poverty and economic growth, urbanization and economic growth, the role of SMEs and economic growth, and the role of SMEs and poverty. In addition, the results of the VECM analysis suggest that the role of SMEs has a positive effect on poverty in the first year. It means that it takes a year to find out the impact of the increasing role of SMEs on poverty at the later stage. The research has several implications for government, namely: (i) compiling work programs that touch the community directly and strengthen the development of local wisdom products, (ii) conducting more intense training, (iii) emphasizing on improving the quality and standards of local wisdom products, and (iv) building rural infrastructure that can facilitate the economic processes in the village.
A HIDROTERAPIA COMO PREVENÇÃO DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Bueno Maria Bethânia Tomaschewski , Bueno Mateus Moreira , Corrêa Tatiane Barcellos 
Published: October 2021

O Brasil tem um número expressivo em relação a sua população idosa, esse fato é reflexo da queda de mortalidade e natalidade, bem como da estruturação familiar e aumento da expectativa de vida. Nesse processo de envelhecer, há acometimentos que distingue-se por fatores do próprio processo, tal como modelo de vivência dos indivíduos, entre esses, as quedas obtêm um número alarmante. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar os benefícios da hidroterapia ou fisioterapia aquática na prevenção de quedas em idosos. O procedimento metodológico utilizado foi a revisão sistemática de artigos em português, nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e Portal de periódicos da CAPES, com os descritivos: Hidroterapia, Idosos e Quedas, no período de 2007 até 2017. Os resultados foram de que, apesar do número reduzido de artigos que tinham como premissa a modalidade como prevenção de quedas em idosos no período estipulado, observou-se que a modalidade de hidroterapia corrobora para a prevenção de quedas em idosos, sem distinção de que os mesmos tenham que possuir alguma patologia. O meio aquático é um facilitador para os movimentos humanos e isso possibilita aos mesmos, melhorar fatores a esses ligados.
O ENSINO DE XADREZ EM UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA: O JOGO DE TABULEIRO COMO POSSIBILIDADE EDUCACIONAL E ESPORTIVA
Authors: Lopes Ronaldo André 
Published: October 2021

O xadrez é um jogo de tabuleiro marcado por lendas e mitos, com origem inexata e que, possivelmente, surgiu na antiguidade. No Brasil, o número de praticantes tem aumentado nas últimas décadas, incentivando a prática em diversos ambientes, inclusive nas escolas. Neste artigo são apresentados os resultados de um curso de xadrez ministrado em uma escola pública de zona rural no sul de Minas Gerais. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental I e Ensino Fundamental II. A maioria dos participantes não conhecia o jogo. Em aulas semanais, foram abordadas as regras e os conceitos básicos do xadrez, além dos movimentos extraordinários, algumas aberturas e desafios. Algumas atividades foram realizadas com duas ou mais turmas simultaneamente, viabilizando a socialização e interação entre os estudantes. Os resultados apontam o xadrez como uma possibilidade para a interação social de estudantes de diferentes faixas etárias, além da importância do esporte na formação escolar e cidadã dos participantes, permitindo a troca de saberes e experiências. O curso, ademais, permitiu a execução de campeonatos internos e a participação em dois eventos de xadrez escolar. Conclui-se assim que o xadrez pode ser utilizado como uma atividade extracurricular, viabilizando o diálogo entre os estudantes e descobertas sobre o jogo, mostrando-se como uma possibilidade educacional e esportiva.
RISCO SOCIAL VERSUS IMPACTO SOCIAL: AMBIGUIDADES E SIMILARIDADES EVIDENCIADAS POR LEVANTAMENTO SISTEMÁTICO DA LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Silva Bárbara Santana da , Araujo Fernando Oliveira de , Quelhas Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves , Freitas Raynne Suzano de 
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo se propõe a explorar e explicar as ambiguidades e possíveis interferências entre os conceitos de riscos e impactos sociais. A análise de riscos e impactos sociais tem sido cada vez mais utilizada pelas empresas como insumo para a mitigação dos riscos corporativos. Por outro lado, há distorções empíricas advindas de subjetividades tanto na definição e quanto na avaliação de riscos sociais. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo visa sistematizar uma literatura difusa e ambígua a respeito das referidas temáticas. Metodologicamente, aplica-se o webibbliomining, a partir de bases de periódicos indexados e peer reviewed. O artigo investiga os principais conceitos de risco social nos campos de conhecimento que utilizam o termo, assim como reflexões sobre pontos de convergência e divergência entre os conceitos de risco e impactos sociais. Como resultados, o estudo confirma as ambiguidades do conceito de risco social, como sobreposição para alguns autores e diferenciação para outros, com relação ao termo impacto social e observa-se que a confusão teórica entre riscos sociais vs impactos sociais ultrapassa a questão conceitual e a divergência de entendimentos fragiliza ambas as metodologias de avaliação. Como contribuição adicional, proveniente da exploração teórica, o estudo oferece um modelo conceitual baseado na discussão proposta com vistas ao aprimoramento do processo de gestão de risco social em organizações.
ESTAÇÃO METEOROLÓGICA DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA CÁLCULO, ARMAZENAMENTO E EXIBIÇÃO DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA
Authors: Nametala Matheus , Júnior Calebe , Tormen Gislaine , Oliveira Bruno 
Published: October 2021

A irrigação é uma das técnicas mais importantes para aumentar a produtividade da agricultura, na qual são utilizados procedimentos que buscam aumentar a qualidade e a eficiência do processo em questão. Segundo a literatura, dentre os métodos mais eficientes de manejo da água de irrigação estão aqueles que fazem uso de sensores para estimar a evapotranspiração da cultura. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um protótipo de baixo custo que coleta do ambiente dados de temperatura utilizados para calcular a evapotranspiração de referência, utilizando a equação de Hargreaves e Samani (1982). Os resultados obtidos pelo sistema são apresentados por meio de uma aplicação web, permitindo o monitoramento diário das condições climáticas nas quais determinada cultura esteja submetida. Para tal, foi utilizada a plataforma de prototipagem Arduino, o sensor de temperatura DHT11 e o shield Ethernet W5100 para conectar o Arduino na mesma rede do servidor com a aplicação web desenvolvida. Para validação do sistema, o protótipo foi instalado ao lado da estação meteorológica automática Bambuí-A565, do INMET, em que foi realizada uma comparação dos dados obtidos por ambos com o uso de ferramentas estatísticas, sendo obtida uma correlação de 0,956 e REQM de 0,099 para os dados de evapotranspiração de referência. Com os resultados alcançados, pode-se concluir que os objetivos propostos foram atingidos e que foi obtido um pequeno erro e uma alta correlação entre os dados comparados, significando que o sistema desenvolvido pode ser utilizado na agricultura.
Upstream pollution control by water utilities in Sweden: incentives and challenges
Authors: Fältström Emma , Gustafsson Sara 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not designed to handle many harmful substances that are present in wastewater. The substances can also be transferred to the sewage sludge, which can make it unsuitable as a fertiliser. To alleviate these problems, Sweden has a practice called upstream work (uppströmsarbete) that aims to prevent harmful substances from entering the wastewater via efforts to control the pollution closer to the source. Upstream work has produced positive results in terms of reduced pollution in water and sludge and is seen as an important practice by both practicians and policymakers. In this paper, we investigate the incentives and challenges for upstream work as experienced by practitioners at municipal water utilities. The results show that there are two types of incentives: one related to practical problems and the other related to a perceived responsibility for the wastewater system and for the environment. The challenges were primarily related to an insufficient organisational structure for upstream work, manifested in unclear responsibilities, lack of prioritisation, and insufficient resources. The findings can be used to expand and initiate pollution control upstream of the WWTP as part of the urban water management, as well as decision support for policymakers.
Performance of community-based water-saving technology under land fragmentation: evidence from groundwater overexploitation in the North China Plain
Authors: Shi Hongxu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The current water shortage crisis has necessitated an increased focus on improving the irrigation efficiency in groundwater overdraft areas. Consequently, the Chinese government has supported small farmers in installing community-based water-saving technologies (WSTs) providing high irrigation efficiency. Based on the data collected from 620 households located in the groundwater overdraft area of Hebei, North China Plain, this study conducts a stochastic frontier analysis to measure farmers' irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) and analyzes the impact of land fragmentation and WST types on their WUE. The results show that the average WUE of groundwater irrigation is 0.606. The WUE between community-based and household-based WSTs differs based on the degree of land fragmentation. A high degree of land fragmentation restricts community-based WSTs from efficiently improving farmers' WUE, whereas household-based WSTs perform better and are easier to adopt. For high land fragmentation, the WUE of the community-based WST is 9.12% lower than that of the household-based WST. However, the WUE of the community-based WST is 12.55% higher than that of the household-based WST when the degree of land fragmentation is low. Therefore, the government should pay attention to small farmers' adaptability toward WST and promote community-based WSTs on a low degree of land fragmentation.
The effect of the rainfall on the nitrogen fertilizer schedule of maize in Jilin, China
Authors: Bai Yu , Zhao Yufeng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The traditional optimization maize nitrogen fertilizer schedule tends to be fixed, even in different meteorological years. Because different meteorological conditions will affect the use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, this method of fertilization will limit the yield of maize. Based on the DSSAT crop model, this paper simulated the optimized nitrogen fertilizer schedule of maize in Central Jilin Province of China from 1973 to 1992 on the basis of verified DSSAT model. It was found that the optimized nitrogen fertilizer schedule in different meteorological years had significant differences, and this optimized nitrogen fertilizer schedule changed with different meteorological years and could increase maize yield by 3.9% compared with the fixed optimized nitrogen fertilizer schedule. At the same time, there was a significant positive correlation between amount of nitrogen fertilizer and rainfall in the stages of sowing, VJ and VT. In these stages, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased with the increase in rainfall. Finally, an optimized agrometeorological prediction method was proposed to provide a theoretical basis for the real-time optimization schedule of maize nitrogen fertilizer in the future.
Adenosine Dysfunction in Epilepsy and Associated Comorbidities
Authors: Guo Mengyi , Li Tianfu 
Published: October 2021

:
Epilepsy, a complex neurological syndrome with dominant symptoms and various comorbidities,
affects over 70 million people worldwide. Epilepsy-related comorbidities, including
cognitive and psychiatric disorders, can impede therapy for epilepsy patients, leading to heavy burdens
on patients and society. Adenosine has an anti-epileptic and anticonvulsive function in the
brain. Several studies have shown that, through adenosine receptor-dependent and -independent
mechanisms, adenosine can influence the development and progression (epileptogenesis) of epilepsy
and its associated comorbidities. As the key enzyme for adenosine clearance, adenosine kinase
(ADK) can exacerbate epileptic seizures not only by accelerating adenosine clearance, but also by
increasing global DNA methylation through the transmethylation pathway. Therefore, adenosine
augmentation therapies for epilepsy can have dual functions in the inhibition of epileptic seizures
and the prevention of its overall progress. This review has three main purposes. First, we discuss
how maladaptive changes in the adenosine pathway affect the development and progress of epilepsy
in both receptor-dependent and receptor-independent ways. Second, we highlight the important
influence of associated comorbidities on the prognosis of epilepsy and explore the role of adenosine
in these comorbidities. Finally, we emphasize the potential of adenosine augmentation therapies
in restoring normal adenosine signaling in the epileptic brain. Such treatments could effectively
improve the prognosis of patients who are resistant to most antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and thus
bring new challenges and opportunities in the treatment of epilepsy patients.
An Overview of the Latest Applications of Platelet-Derived
Microparticles and Nanoparticles in Medical Technology 2010-2020
Authors: Mehrizi Tahereh Zadeh 
Published: October 2021

:
Today, Platelets and platelet-derived nanoparticles and microparticles have
found many applications in nanomedical technology. The results of our review study
show that no article has been published in this field to review the current status of
applications of these platelet derivatives so far. Therefore, in the present study, our goal
is to compare the applications of platelet derivatives and review their latest status
between 2010 and 2020 to present the latest findings to researchers. A very interesting
point about the role of platelet derivatives is the presence of molecules on their surface,
which makes them capable of hiding from the immune system, reaching different target
cells, and specifically attaching to different cell types. According to the results of this
study, most of their applications include drug delivery, diagnosis of various diseases,
and tissue engineering. However, their application in drug delivery is limited due to
heterogeneity, large size, and the possibility of interference with cellular pathways in
microparticles derived from other cells. On the other hand, platelet nanoparticles are
more controllable and have been widely used for drug delivery in the treatment of
cancer, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, infectious diseases, repair of damaged tissue, and
photothermal therapy. The results of this study show that platelet nanoparticles are more
controllable than platelet microparticles and have a higher potential for use in medicine.
Activated Pancreatic Stellate Cells Promote Acinar Duct Metaplasia by
Disrupting Mitochondrial Respiration and Releasing Reactive Oxygen
Species
Authors: Xiang Hong , Guo Fangyue , Zhou Qi , Tao Xufeng , Dong Deshi 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) is a long-term risk factor for pancreatic ductal
adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and both diseases share a common etiology. The activation of
Pancreatic stellate cells (PaSCs) caused by inflammation of the chronic pancreas plays a pivotal
role in the pathology of pancreatic fibrosis and the malignant phenotype of PDAC. However, the
central role of activated PaSCs in Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia (ADM) remains unknown.

Objective:
In the present study, we investigated the link between pancreatic fibrosis and ADM
and the possible underlying mechanism.

Methods:
A caerulein-treated mouse CP model was established, and Masson trichrome histochemical
stain and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) were used to observe stromal fibrosis
and cell ultrastructure, respectively. The expression of amylase and cytokeratin 19
(CK19), mitochondria respiration, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in vitro in
the co-culture model of primary pancreatic acinar cells and PaSCs.

Results:
The activation of PaSCs and pancreatic fibrosis were accompanied by ADM in pancreatic
parenchyma in caerulein-treated mice, which was verified by the co-cultivation experiment
in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that activated PaSCs promote ADM by disrupting mitochondrial
respiration and releasing ROS. The expression of inflammation-and ADM-related genes,
including S100A8, S100A9, and CK19, was observed to be up-regulated in pancreatic acinar
cells in the presence of activated PaSCs. The expression of S100A9 and CK19 proteins was also
up-regulated in acinar cells co-cultured with activated PaSCs.

Conclusion:
The manipulation of mitochondrial respiration and ROS release is a promising preventive
and/or therapeutic strategy for PDAC, and S100A9 is expected to be a therapeutic target
to block the ADM process induced by the activation of PaSCs.