bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Правовой статус тувинских женщин сквозь призму законов Тувинской Народной Республики
Authors: Натсак Органа Доржуевна 
Published: March 2021

В статье анализируется эволюция конституционного, гражданско-правового положения тувинских женщин сквозь призму законов Тувинской Народной Республики. Предпринята попытка определения генезиса отдельных норм законодательства в отношении женщин, сделан сравнительный анализ с советским законодательством, также рассматривается вопрос социальных, культурных и политических факторов в тувинском обществе. Источниковую базу исследования составили конституции, уголовные и гражданские законы ТНР, в которых отражена политико-правовая основаэмансипации тувинских женщин.
Правовым ориентиром для ТНР стал законотворческий опыт СССР, в тувинских законах прослеживается прямая рецепция отдельных норм советских законов. Вместе с тем при разработке законов учитывалась социокультурная, общественно-политическая специфика ТНР.
Конституции ТНР дали женщинам политические права, гражданские свободы, конституционно закрепленное равноправие с мужчинами, доступ к управлению государством, образованию, современному здравоохранению. Однако конституционного признания равноправия с мужчинами было недостаточно. Для реального изменения статусно-ролевой функции женщин, политической социализации и включения женщин в экономику страны, было необходимо принятие ряда норм в уголовных, гражданских законах ТНР. Поэтому отдельному разбору в исследовании подверглись уголовные и гражданские законы.
Уголовные законы ТНР наложили запрет на физическое насилие над женщиной, насильственные браки, раннее замужество, привлечение женщины к занятию проституцией. Были введены новая форма регистрации брака, договорное и судебное регулирование имущественных правоотношений супругов при разводе, имущественные отношения при незарегистрированном сожительстве, практика установления отцовства, обязанности биологического отца ребенка, рожденного вне брака. Законы о труде ТНР ввели дифференцированный подход к труду мужчин и женщин, женский труд получил определенные льготы в связи с выполнением репродуктивных функций женщин. Женский труд был включен в производственные отношения, экономику государства. Возникает новый тип работающей по найму женщины с гарантированной государством оплатой труда и трудовыми правами.
Заключается, что в совокупности и конституции, и уголовные, гражданские законы ТНР явились политико-правовой базой для эмансипации тувинской женщины.
A Study on Postoperative Care in the General Surgery Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rohit  , Preetha Selva  , Sana Aboosalih  
Published: March 2021

In our study we have attempted to assess and evaluate the rationality of drugs given during post-operative period using standard WHO indicators. A total of 602 patients were included with maximum number of patients in 20-40 and 40- 60 years’ age group. The most common diagnoses for admission were Sebaceous cyst (65), Hernia (52), Diabetic ulcer/ abscess (47) and Cholelithiasis (43). The most common procedures performed in our hospital were Excision biopsy (109), Incision & drainage (55), Wound debridement (48) and Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (39). 208 patients received general anaesthesia, 233 received local anaesthesia and 161 of them were given spinal anaesthesia. Maximum number of patients stayed for a period of 2-4 days. The common group of drugs prescribed were antibiotics (976), I.V. fluids (652), analgesics (652), gastrointestinal drugs (590) and antiseptics (328). The most common analgesics given were Paracetamol (385) and Tramadol (173). The most common antibiotics given were Cefotaxim (420), Metronidazole (451). An average of 6.12 drugs was prescribed per patient. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was (21.3%). Percentage of antibiotics prescribed per prescription was 100%. Percentage of encounters with injection was 88.9%. Percentage of drugs from NLEM was 90.09%. To conclude, the duration of stay in the hospital, the post-operative treatment given and the average number of drugs given per encounter in our study is acceptable.The clinicians should be encouraged to prescribe generic drugs from the list of essential medicines. Antibiotic stewardship should be followed for facilitating the rationale use of antibiotics.
Nanoemulsion Drug Delivery System: A Review
Authors: Ashish B. Budhrani  , Shubhra R. Rai  , Aarati S. Panchbhai  , Rajshri B. Dongarwar  
Published: March 2021

Nano-emulsion dosage forms have nano-sized droplets of disperse phase and are kinetically stable dosage form. Nano-emulsions are included under the category of new drug delivery system containing emulsified water in oil/oil in water system having mean globule size ranges from 10 nm to 1000 nm. In the field of pharmacy, nano-emulsions play an essential role in the delivery of medication through various drug administration routes like parenteral, topical and oral route. Nano-emulsions are nano-sized emulsions which are used under high investigation as a drug carrier for enhancing the delivery of therapeutic agents. Nano-emulsions have enhanced functional properties as compared to standard emulsions. They are nowadays growing work for utilizing nano-sized particles in the research of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food products. Mainly, intrigue has been creating simultaneously with higher emulsification techniques and mechanisms of stabilization. Nano-emulsions are formulated by both methods like high energy emulsification or low energy emulsification methods. Rapid energy emulsification technique includes high shear mixing, high-pressure homogenization or ultrasonication. In contrast, low energy emulsification technique includes the merit of the physicochemical characteristics of the system, which exploits phase transitions to obtained nano-emulsion. This review article is an effort to summarize comparative aspects like introduction, types, advantages, disadvantages, components, factors affecting, methods of preparations, methods of analysis of nano-emulsion and applications of nano-emulsion.
Changes in restored soils subject to weathering and their implication in Mexican environmental regulations
Authors: Méndez-Moreno José del C. , De la Garza-Rodríguez Iliana M. , Torres-Sánchez Sonia A. , Jiménez-Pérez Nelly del C. , Sánchez-Lombardo Irma , López-Martínez Sugey , Lobato-García Carlos E. , Morales-Bautista Carlos M. 
Published: March 2021

An overview of current Mexican legislation regarding soil restoration and updating needs is made through the analysis of three case studies located in the southeastern México: a) soil affected by spillage of congenital waters (Zone 1), b) soil contaminated by hydrocarbons (Zone 2) and, c) a site adjacent to urban infrastructure (Zone 3). It was performed a comparative analysis of the soils conditions in the short and long term after the anthropogenic impact and restoration process that were carried out in each studied location. It was found that important properties of the soils do not recover after the weathering process, for instance in Zone 1, DR and DA as well as %Po did not reach equivalent values to the control sample and the soil texture is different even after a long recovery period. For Zone 2, it was detected important variations in the concentration of Ca, Na and K in both the impacted and recovered soils which affect the growth of plantations. In Zone 3, there were found signif icative differences in DA, %Po; %L, %R, %MO and CEC parameters. The current normative considers general aspects, but does not contemplate the actual site situation, there is an information gap due to this, although it was observed achievement of physical and chemical properties for the recovery soil use in each site, it was also noticed that the evaluations do not consider if these properties can change over time due to weather conditions, therefore, they could influence the success of each restoration process in the long term. The information generated can be used to make decisions about government rescue programs for the primary sector or as a starting point in the implementation of Environmental Bases Lines (LBA) for the hydrocarbon sector.
ISOLASI BAKTERI PENDEGRADASI PESTISIDA DAN HERBISIDA
Authors: Ratnaningsih Hanim Rahayuani , Prameswari Di Ajeng , Taopan Rizki Adiputra 
Published: March 2021

Pestisida dalam tanah dan lingkungan air yang terkontaminasi telah menjadi salah satu masalah yang paling sensasional karena efek merusak terhadap kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mencari isolat potensial mikroba pendegradasi pestisida dari beberapa penggunaan lahan dan menguji potensinya terhadap degradasi pestisida. Hasil yang diperoleh terdapat empat isolat pendegradasi herbisida dan dua isolat pendegradasi pestisida, empat isolat pendegradasi herbisida adalah H1RST1,Â HRT25, Â H3RSH2 dan HRT100, sedangkan dua isolat pendegradasi pestisida adalah PRT50 dan P1RST1. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan adalah pewarnaan gram, uji patogenitas dan uji viabilitas. Uji gram menunjukan semua isolat merupakan gram negatif dengan bentuk sel kokus, basil panjang dan basil pendek. Uji patogenitas pada daun tembakau menunjukan semua isolat tidak bersifat pathogen pada tanaman dengan tidak adanya gejala nekrosis. Uji viabilitas meekrosis. Uji viabilitas menunjukan isolat HRT25 memiliki nilai OD tertinggi 4,0, sedangkan isolat P1RST1 dan H3RST2menunjukan nilai OD terendah yaitu 0 pada masa inkubasi 48 jam.
GOOGLE FORM: ALTERNATIF PENILAIAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI SAAT COVID-19
Authors: Bafadal Muhammad Fachrurrozi , Triansyah Andika 
Published: March 2021

Dampak Covid-19 menggeser segala tatanan kehidupan, termasuk penyelenggaraaan pelayanan pendidikan di perguruan tinggi, Â mewajibkan untuk Work From Home (WFH) dan memaksa untuk menerapkan teknologi pembelajaran online. Pemanfaatan teknologi dalam evaluasi jarang digunakan di program studi pendidikan jasmani, FKIP Universitas Tanjungpura khususnya untuk penilaian. Lembar jawaban masih digunakan pada kegiatan evaluasi seperti UTS dan UAS. Salah satu aplikasi yang tepat sebagai media evaluasi berbasis online di masa Covid-19 adalah Google form. Fokus penelitian adalah persepsi mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani yang menggunakan google form.Bentuk Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh Â informasi terkait penilaian pada pembelajaran penjas saat covid-19. Persepsi yang diberikan mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani sangat beraneka ragam, Â setelah melakukan penilaian denganÂ menggunakan google form., Â mahasiswa mendapatkan pengalaman dan tambahan pengetahuan tentang penilaian. Mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani merasakan senang menggunakan aplikasi google form (47,8%), akses untuk masuk ke dalam aplikasi sangat mudah (55,5%), dan tampilan dalam google form mudah dimengerti (51%), dapat menghemat penggunaan kertas (64,4 %), angket sesuai dengan materi (58,9%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa google form Â dapat dijadikan salah satu aplikasi penilaian online bagi mahasiswa maupun dosen di saat pendemi Covid-19 karena tampilan aplikasi mudah dimengerti dan cara mengoperasikannya sederhana serta link Â mudah diakses.
Study of the Effect of Polymorphic Markers of the NAT2 Gene on the Risk of Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Who Received Isoniazid and Rifampicin
Authors: Kachanova A. A. , Pimenova Yu. A. , Shuev G. N. , Akmalova K. A. , Sozaeva Zh. A. , Krasnova N. M. , Grishina E. A. , Sychev D. A. 
Published: March 2021

Tuberculosis remains one of the most dangerous and widespread infectious diseases. More than 20 medicinal products are currently available for the treatment of tuberculosis. One of the most serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with anti-tuberculosis medicines is hepatotoxicity.The aim of the study was to assess the effect of polymorphic markers of the NAT2 gene on the ADR risk in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who received isoniazid and rifampicin.Materials and methods. The study included 67 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis who received combination therapy with isoniazid and rifampicin. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the NAT2 gene were determined by real-time PCR. Statistical processing was performed using SPSS Statistics 20.0.Results: Six SNPs were identified in the NAT2 gene. Based on these SNPs the following phenotypes were determined by the rate of NAT2 acetylation: fast acetylators—6 subjects, intermediate acetylators—24 subjects, and slow acetylators—37 subjects. The study assessed the relationship between the acetylator phenotype and the development of ADRs during combination therapy with isoniazid and rifampicin. Slow acetylators had a significantly greater increase in total bilirubin level (p=0.011) compared to intermediate acetylators. Loss of appetite was more often observed in fast acetylators than in intermediate acetylators (p=0.021).Conclusions. The obtained data suggest interrelation between the slow type of NAT2 acetylation and the risk of ADRs in patients undergoing pulmonary tuberculosis chemotherapy with isoniazid and rifampicin. Out of all the ADRs registered in the study, the fast acetylators were more likely to have loss of appetite, however, the expansion of the study population is needed to verify this observation. The studied polymorphisms have an impact on the development of ADRs in patients undergoing pulmonary tuberculosis chemotherapy with isoniazid and rifampicin and may be used to predict the safety profile of pharmacotherapy in this group of patients.
Major Aspects of Detection and Monitoring of Adverse Reactions Associated with Cephalosporin Antibiotic Treatment
Authors: Demchenkova E. Yu. , Gorodetskaya G. I. , Mazerkina I. A. , Zhuravleva M. V. , Kazakov A. S. , Gorodetskiy M. V. , Badriddinova L. Yu. , Serebrova S. Yu. 
Published: March 2021

Widespread use of cephalosporin antibiotics in clinical practice calls for greater attention to the risk of adverse drug reactions. Information on serious or unexpected adverse events reported during post-marketing experience is submitted to national and international pharmacovigilance databases. Analysis of these reports helps to identify new adverse drug reactions.The aim of the study was to analyse the safety profile of cephalosporin antibiotics based on spontaneous reports in the international VigiBase database.Materials and methods: the analysis of the adverse reaction profile of cephalosporin antibiotics was based on MedDRA system organ classes and included spontaneous reports submitted to VigiBase from the moment of its creation until August 2020.Results: the authors identified the most clinically significant adverse reactions for different cephalosporin generations. They compared and analysed information on adverse events in VigiBase and in patient information leaflets of medicinal products authorised in the Russian Federation. It was demonstrated that some serious events described in VigiBase spontaneous reports for V-generation cephalosporins are not included in the “Side effects” section of the patient information leaflets. According to VigiBase, the use of ceftaroline was associated with the development of generalised exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, tubulointerstitial nephritis, while the use of ceftolozane was associated with acute kidney injury, renal insufficiency, sepsis, pneumonia, and respiratory insufficiency.Conclusion: reporting of unexpected and serious adverse drug reactions to cephalosporin antibiotics is an important task of healthcare practitioners. Availability of information on class-specific and generation-specific serious adverse reactions will help predict and prevent their development.
A Common Tradition Underlying the Temptation Pericope of Matthew 4:1–11 and the Qumran Psalm Pesher (4QpPsa, 4Q171)
Authors: Katzin David 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study posits that the Temptation pericope of Matt 4:1–11 and the Psalm Pesher (4QpPsa, 4Q171) are based on a common tradition. Underlying this tradition is a dual-tripartite construct of testing/temptation. This is based on the three Pentateuchal wilderness tests encountered by Israel which are identifiable through the root נ–ס–ה/“test:” keeping the law, false prophecy leading to idolatry, and testing God. Conflated, and individually correlated with this, are the three nets of Belial: “fornication,” “wealth,” and “profanation of the Temple,” respectively. Also going beyond the biblical narrative are the Devil acting in circumlocution for God, the venues, forms of testing, and lexicon used in corresponding testing sections of these two texts. Only through Psalm 37, together with its exegesis in 4Q171, is this shared tradition recognized. In conclusion, the provenance and diachronic history of this tradition, which resulted in differing understandings of it, is investigated.
Prediction and prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesive complications in children
Authors: Yusupov Sh. A. , Suvonkulov U. T. , Yusupov Sh. Sh. , Sataev V. U. 
Published: March 2021

The aim of this work was to study the morphology of adhesion formation under the influence of ozone in the experiment, as well as the development of prediction criteria and methods for correcting increased adhesion in children.Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on 36 rabbits «Shinshilla» with a body weight of 0.7–1.2 kg., of which 12 animals were included in the control group, which did not carry out ozonation of the abdominal cavity. The main group consisted of 24 rabbits, which were divided into two subgroups (12 animals in each subgroup), which ozonized the abdominal cavity with an ozone-oxygen mixture. In order to study the prognostic value of the acetylation phenotype in the formation of intraperitoneal adhesions, 67 children with symptoms of adhesive intestinal obstruction were examined.Results. The results of experimental studies showed that in animals of the control group there was the formation of massive adhesions. The basis of adhesions is connective tissue with a significant number of fibroblasts, blood vessels and collagen fibers. In animals of the main group, sharp inhibition of adhesion formation, a delay in the differentiation of fibroblasts and inhibition of their synthetic function were revealed. Acetylation phenotype was determined in 58 patients with appendicular peritonitis. 30 (51%) children turned out to be slow acetylators, and in 28 (49%) patients the phenotype of fast acetylation was established. The results of the study allowed us to isolate fast acetylators as a risk group for excessive adhesion formation and timely start therapeutic and preventive measures.
The index of “electrical quality of the heart” allows predicting the degree of risk of fatal cardiogenic conditions in children and adolescents
Authors: Melnikova I. Yu. , Tokarevа Yu. A. 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the research. The optimization of the method electrocardiogram’s interpretation (ECG) for diagnosis and prognosis of fatal cardiogenic situations among children and teenagers depending on the severity of myocardial electrical instability.Materials and methods. The authors propose to use a modified method for assessing the “electrical quality of the heart”, proposed by A. N. Volobuev and co-authors in order to assess the electrical instability of the myocardium among children and teenagers. There is a formula which helps to estimate the index of “electrical quality factor of the heart” among children and teenagers: D=(aR/aT):(QT/QRS), where D is the index of “electrical quality factor of the heart”, aT and aR is the amplitude of R wave and T, QT — QT interval, QRS — interval, QRS. ECG was recorded in 12 leads, ECG assessment was carried out according to generally accepted rules.Results. Based on the analysis of 234 ECG of children and teenagers from the neonatal period to 18 years, the criteria of the average value of the index of “electrical quality factor of the heart” (D) were defined, D =1,09 +/- 0,03. It is proved that the value of the index “electrical quality factor of the heart” does not depend on the sex and age of the child. There was a decrease in the index of “electrical quality factor of the heart” was revealed among children with the lengthening of the QT interval.Conclusion. The index of “electrical quality factor of the heart” in pediatric practice allows to predict the risk of fatal cardiogenic conditions, to develop tactics of dynamic monitoring of patients, to evaluate the efficiency of treatment. When D<0.55 it is possible to predict high risk, at a value of 0.55≤D<0.80 — average risk, and at D≥0.80 — low risk of fatal cardiogenic conditions among children and teenagers.
Nutritional status of children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bogomaz D. S. , Papysheva O. V. , Shurygina D. A. , Bogomaz L. V. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: to optimize the diagnosis of nutritional status disorders in children born at different gestational periods from mothers with diabetes mellitus by assessing their nutritional status to predict the development of morphofunctional changes in different periods of childhoodMaterials and methods: 84 children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, born in the maternity hospital of the Bauman State Clinical Hospital. The assessment of children’s physical development was carried out in accordance with WHO Anthro standards (2006). A comparative analysis of the variables of children in different groups was carried out using the Student’s T-test. “Statistica 10 programm” was used.Results: preterm children by the age of 3 are not only aligned with full-term children in terms of nutritional status, but also begin to exceed the latter in terms of body weight and length. In further age periods, their indicators do not go beyond the population. In full-term children from 4 years of age, there is a tendency to overweight and obesity.Conclusion: the nutritional status and physical development of children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus depends on the gestational age and undergoes dramatic changes in different age periods of childhood.