bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information Provision, Decision Self-efficacy, and Decisional Conflict in Adopting Health Behaviors Among Patients Treated for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lee Myung Kyung , Bryant-Lukosius Denise 
Published: November 2021

Background
Health promotion is necessary to mitigate the negative consequences of colorectal cancer and its treatment. Rates of behavior modification are low in populations of cancer patients. Studies are needed to determine the factors, such as decisional conflict, which influence adoption of healthy behaviors following a cancer diagnosis.

Objective
To examine the effects of information provision, decision self-efficacy, and decisional conflict on the adoption of healthy behaviors among patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
This cross-sectional study focused on 251 patients with colorectal cancer in South Korea. Information provision, decision self-efficacy, and decisional conflict were measured using validated instruments. Patients rated their decisional conflict related to the adoption of behaviors that include regular exercise and a balanced diet.

Results
Most participants (73%) reported low satisfaction with the amount of information received. Of the participants, 64% had low decision self-efficacy, and 80% experienced decisional conflict. The perception of a higher level of information provision was associated with greater decision self-efficacy (odds ratio, 4.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.61-13.35). Higher decision self-efficacy was associated with lower decisional conflict (odds ratio, 5.19; 95% confidence interval, 2.33-11.59).

Conclusion
Receiving adequate information is important for promoting patients' confidence in making decisions about their health and reducing decisional conflict in the adoption of healthy lifestyle changes following a cancer diagnosis.

Implication for Practice
Oncology nurses should assess patient information needs and promote decision self-efficacy, thus empowering patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer to make lifestyle decisions that improve their health and quality of life.
A 1-Year Accredited Nurse Residency Program's Effect on Intent to Leave
Authors: Failla Kim Reina , Ecoff Laurie , Stichler Jaynelle F. , Pelletier Luc R. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
This article describes the evaluation of a system-wide program to enhance new graduate nurse resident (NGNR) experience, enculturation, and commitment to the organization.

BACKGROUND
Structured nurse residency programs support NGNR transition to the work environment and increase retention and organizational commitment.

METHODS
The study used a descriptive, comparative design measuring NGNR perceptions of affective commitment, job satisfaction, job stress, and other variables over 3 times from baseline to 24 months.

RESULTS
Findings demonstrated a reduction in affective commitment and an increase in nursing stress from baseline to 12 and 24 months of employment. The highest mean in intent to leave occurred at 12 months, highlighting the vulnerability of the NGNR at that time.

CONCLUSIONS
Nurse leaders must consider resources supporting NGNRs beyond the traditional 12 months to ensure retention and organizational commitment, thereby decreasing intent to leave.
Urgent COVID-19 Vaccination of Healthcare Workers via a Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Baumer-Mouradian Shannon H. , Collins Stacey , Lausten Thomas , Pohl Cecile , Sisney Mary , Khare Smriti , Ose Megan , Roe Jennifer , Reilly Chelsi , Gutzeit Michael 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant threat to US healthcare workers’ mental and physical health. The US Food and Drug Administration approved the first mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for Emergency Use Authorization on December 11, 2020. High-risk healthcare workers were determined to be Phase 1a. Goal: Complete the two-dose vaccine series in all interested phase 1a staff immediately after the COVID-19 vaccine was available and distributed to our institution, December 14, 2020.

Methods:
A multidisciplinary team involving key stakeholders performed process mapping to develop four key drivers for vaccination success: rapid vaccine procurement, proper storage and handling, well-defined vaccine administration and follow-up plan, and system preparation. We tested interventions using plan-do-study-act cycles. We included employees and providers with direct patient care responsibilities, age 18 years or older, employed at the children’s health system, or the affiliated academic medical center. We examined the total number of dose 1 and dose 2 vaccines administered for our primary outcome, and the balancing measure included the percent of wasted vaccines.

Results:
Three thousand nine-hundred twenty-one healthcare personnel completed the survey, and 73% reported intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine immediately or at a later time. After 57 clinic days, we vaccinated 83% (n = 5,231) of healthcare personnel at our institution, and 99% completed the two-dose series. Due to surplus vaccines, we vaccinated an additional 1,258 community members with 99% completion of the two-dose series. Vaccine waste was minimal 0.1%.

Conclusion:
We describe the development and implementation of a successful COVID-19 employee and community vaccination program.
Comparison of dementia incidence and prevalence between individuals with and without HIV infection in primary care from 2000 to 2016
Authors: Lam Jennifer O. , Lee Catherine , Gilsanz Paola , Hou Craig E. , Leyden Wendy A. , Satre Derek D. , Flamm Jason A. , Towner William J. , Horberg Michael A. , Silverberg Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
To compare dementia incidence and prevalence after age 50 years by HIV status.

Design:
Observational cohort, 2000–2016.

Methods:
People with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and demographically similar people without HIV (PWoH), all aged 50 years and older, were identified from Kaiser Permanente healthcare systems in Northern California, Southern California, and Mid-Atlantic States (Maryland, Virginia, Washington DC). Dementia diagnoses were obtained from electronic health records. Incidence and prevalence of dementia, overall and by time period (i.e. 2000–2002, 2003–2004, …, 2015–2016), were calculated using Poisson regression. Trends were examined using Joinpoint regression. Rate ratios were used to compare dementia by HIV status with adjustment for sociodemographics, substance use, and clinical factors.

Results:
The study included 13 296 PWH and 155 354 PWoH (at baseline: for both, mean age = 54 years, 89% men; for PWH, 80% with HIV RNA <200 copies/ml). From 2000 to 2016, overall incidence of dementia was higher among PWH [adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) = 1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.60–2.04]. Dementia incidence decreased among both PWH and PWoH (−8.0 and −3.1% per period, respectively) but remained higher among PWH in the most recent time period, 2015–2016 (aIRR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.18–2.12). The overall prevalence of dementia from 2000 to 2016 was higher among PWH [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.70–2.04] and was also higher among PWH in 2015–2016 (aPR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.56–1.97).

Conclusion:
Reductions in dementia incidence are encouraging and may reflect ART improvement, but PWH are still more likely to have dementia than PWoH. Monitoring the burden of dementia among PWH is important as this population ages.
Variables Associated With Response to Therapy in Patients With Interstitial Pneumonia With Autoimmune Features
Authors: Joerns Elena K. , Adams Traci N. , Newton Chad A. , Bermas Bonnie , Karp David , Batra Kiran , Torrealba Jose , Davila Lesley , Reisch Joan , Glazer Craig , Makris Una E. 
Published: November 2021

Background/Objective
We have limited knowledge regarding characteristics of patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) that are associated with response to immunosuppression. In this study, we used published IPAF criteria to characterize features associated with response to treatment.

Methods
We conducted a single-center medical records review study of 63 IPAF patients to evaluate for serological, clinical, and morphological characteristics that are associated with response to immunosuppression. Response was defined as % relative functional vital capacity decline of less than 10% and absence of death or lung transplant within the first year of continuous immunosuppressive therapy. Nonparametric measures of association and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationship between baseline characteristics and immunosuppressive response.

Results
There was a trend of greater progression among men, ever smokers, those negative for antisynthetase antibodies, and those with usual interstitial pneumonia radiographic pattern, but no statistically significant relationship was found between baseline serological, clinical, or morphological features and response to immunosuppression. Patients on combination therapy with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone had less disease progression (p = 0.018) than those on regimens that did not include both of these medications.

Conclusions
In our cohort, baseline clinical assessment did not identify which patients with IPAF will respond to immunosuppressive therapy. Combination therapy with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone was associated with lack of disease progression in our IPAF patients, including in IPAF–usual interstitial pneumonia. Further studies are needed to evaluate which IPAF patients would benefit from immunosuppressive therapy, antifibrotic therapy, or a combination of both.
Electrodiagnostic Testing for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome When Routine Median Sensory and Thenar Motor Responses Are Absent
Authors: Ornelas Abbie S. , Girardo Marlene E. , Smith Benn E. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
The cardinal symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) include pain in the affected hand(s). The median/second lumbrical nerve (Med2ndL) seems relatively preserved in severe CTS, with previous small studies suggesting its value in electromyogram to localize a median neuropathy to the wrist when both initial routine sensory and thenar motor responses are absent.

Methods:
This is a retrospective analysis of 208 hands in 183 patients with electrophysiologically markedly severe CTS (absent routine sensory and thenar motor median responses) who underwent stimulation of both the Med2ndL and ulnar/second dorsal interosseous (Uln2ndDIn) motor nerves. A Med2ndL distal latency of ≥ 0.5 milliseconds when compared with the Uln2ndDIn supported the diagnosis of CTS. The presence or absence of hand pain was recorded if these data were available.

Results:
Some 83.7% of hands (172/208) in 183 patients with markedly severe CTS had preservation of the Med2ndL meeting criteria for CTS. In those with pain data available, 77.1% (81/105) of hands had no pain. Of those 105 hands, 87 had preservation of the Med2ndL with 79.3% (69/87) demonstrating no pain.

Conclusions:
This is a large study that demonstrates the relative preservation of the Med2ndL response in markedly severe CTS. Assessment of the Med2ndL should be considered to electrophysiologically support CTS when routine sensory and thenar motor responses are absent. In addition, most patients with electrophysiologically markedly severe CTS had no pain.
Global biobank analyses provide lessons for developing polygenic risk scores across diverse cohorts
Authors: Wang Ying , Namba Shinichi , Lopera Esteban , Kerminen Sini , Tsuo Kristin , Läll Kristi , Kanai Masahiro , Zhou Wei , Wu Kuan-Han , Favé Marie-Julie , Bhatta Laxmi , Awadalla Philip , Brumpton Ben , Deelen Patrick , Hveem Kristian , Lo Faro Valeria , Mägi Reedik , Murakami Yoshinori , Sanna Serena , Smoller Jordan W. , Uzunovic Jasmina , Wolford Brooke N. ,   Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative, Willer Cristen , Gamazon Eric R. , Cox Nancy J. , Surakka Ida , Okada Yukinori , Martin Alicia R. , Hirbo Jibril 
Published: November 2021

SummaryWith the increasing availability of biobank-scale datasets that incorporate both genomic data and electronic health records, many associations between genetic variants and phenotypes of interest have been discovered. Polygenic risk scores (PRS), which are being widely explored in precision medicine, use the results of association studies to predict the genetic component of disease risk by accumulating risk alleles weighted by their effect sizes. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated best practices for PRS in global populations across different diseases. In this study, we utilize data from the Global-Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative (GBMI), which consists of individuals from diverse ancestries and across continents, to explore methodological considerations and PRS prediction performance in 9 different biobanks for 14 disease endpoints. Specifically, we constructed PRS using heuristic (pruning and thresholding, P+T) and Bayesian (PRS-CS) methods. We found that the genetic architecture, such as SNP-based heritability and polygenicity, varied greatly among endpoints. For both PRS construction methods, using a European ancestry LD reference panel resulted in comparable or higher prediction accuracy compared to several other non-European based panels; this is largely attributable to European descent populations still comprising the majority of GBMI participants. PRS-CS overall outperformed the classic P+T method, especially for endpoints with higher SNP-based heritability. For example, substantial improvements are observed in East-Asian ancestry (EAS) using PRS- CS compared to P+T for heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Notably, prediction accuracy is heterogeneous across endpoints, biobanks, and ancestries, especially for asthma which has known variation in disease prevalence across global populations. Overall, we provide lessons for PRS construction, evaluation, and interpretation using the GBMI and highlight the importance of best practices for PRS in the biobank-scale genomics era.
Distribution of confirmed with COVID-19 by age and gender in Mexico
Authors: Maldonado Adalberto , Reyes Marco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSocial, economic, and cultural factors can influence the likelihood of exposure to the virus of each person in sanitary emergencies like those of COVID-19. In this sense, parallel to the biological vulnerability to infection with SARS-CoV-2, said factors determine a complementary vulnerability to infection. Hence, they can influence in gender and age distributions of those confirmed, which is not entirely comprehended yet. The effect that age and gender can have on total vulnerability in Mexico thus far is not understood. A better understanding of such dependence can help policy optimization and decision-making to future similar emergencies. We aim to study the age and gender distributions of those confirmed with COVID-19 in Mexico. We also investigate the vulnerability to the infection with SARS-CoV-2 depending on such features. Two different samples of the Mexican population are analyzed in this non-experimental study to compare each other and evaluate the association of the result of the COVID-19 test with gender and age. Data up until the beginning of the vaccination are considered. The percentage of confirmed males is higher than females in both samples, and most tested and confirmed are working-age. Age distributions are positively skewed, with the peak in [30,39] years, which disagrees with the distribution of the Mexican population. The data suggest that the vulnerability to infection weakly depends on gender and age. Males were identified as the most vulnerable gender, and the age group [70,79] showed a higher vulnerability to infection.
Development and Evaluation of AccuPower® COVID-19 Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR Kit and AccuPower® SARS-CoV-2 Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR Kit for SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Sputum, NPS/OPS, Saliva and Pooled Samples
Authors: Suh In Bum , Lim Jaegyun , Kim Hyo Seon , Rhim Guil , Heebum Kim , Hana Kim , Sae-Mi Lee , Hyun-sang Park , Ju Song Hyun , MyungKook Hong , Sook Shin Gyung , Kim Moon Jung 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRapid and accurate detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential for the successful control of the current global COVID-19 pandemic. The real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Real-time RT-PCR) is the most widely used detection technique. This research describes the development of two novel multiplex real-time RT-PCR kits,AccuPower®COVID-19 Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR Kit (NCVM) specifically designed for use with theExiStation™48 system (comprised ofExiPrep™48 Dx andExicycler™96 by BIONEER, Korea) for sample RNA extraction and PCR detection, andAccuPower®SARS-CoV-2 Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR Kit (SCVM) designed to be compatible with manufacturers’ on-market PCR instruments. The limit of detection (LoD) of NCVM was 120 copies/μL and the LoD of the SCVM was 2 copies/mL for both the gene and the SARS-CoV-2 gene (N gene and RdRp gene). TheAccuPower®kits demonstrated high precision with no cross reactivity to other respiratory-related microorganisms. The clinical performance ofAccuPower®kits was evaluated using the following clinical samples: sputum and nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab (NPS/OPS) samples. Overall agreement of theAccuPower®kits with a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved emergency use authorized commercial kit (STANDARD™ M nCoV Real-Time Detection kit, SD BIOSENSOR, Korea) was above 95% (Cohen’s kappa coefficient ≥ 0.95), with a sensitivity of over 95%. The NPS/OPS specimen pooling experiment was conducted to verify the usability ofAccuPower®kits on pooled samples and the results showed greater than 90% agreement with individual NPS/OPS samples. The clinical performance ofAccuPower®kits with saliva samples was also compared with NPS/OPS samples and demonstrated over 95% agreement (Cohen’s kappa coefficient > 0.95). This study shows the BIONEER NCVM and SCVM assays are comparable with the current standard confirmation assay and are suitable for effective clinical management and control of SARS-CoV-2.
Reactogenicity of COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Alfano Gaetano , Morisi Niccolò , Fontana Francesco , Scarmignan Roberta , Tonelli Laura , Ferri Camilla , Montani Martina , Giovanella Silvia , Ligabue Giulia , Mori Giacomo , Franceschini Erica , Guaraldi Giovanni , Cappelli Gianni , Magistroni Riccardo , Donati Gabriele 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionSome hemodialysis patients are reluctant to COVID-19 for the development of adverse events (AEs). The aim of this study was to verify the safety of mRNA-1273 vaccine in hemodialysis patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of in-center hemodialysis patients who underwent mRNA-1273 vaccine from March 1st to April 30th, 2021. All AEs occurring after the first and the second doses were collected and classified as local or systemic.ResultsOverall, 126 patients on chronic maintenance dialysis without a prior COVID-19 diagnosis were vaccinated with two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine. Mean age was 68 (IQR, 54,7-76) years and 53.6% of patients were aged ≥ 65 years. During the observational period of 68 (IQR, 66-70) days, AEs occurred in 57.9% and 61.9% of patients after the first dose and second dose, respectively. The most common AEs were: injection-site pain (61.9%), erythema (4.8%), itching (4.8%), swelling (16.7%), axillary swelling/tenderness (2.4%), fever (17.5%) headache (7.9%), fatigue (23.8%), myalgia (17.5%), arthralgia (12.7%), dyspnoea (2.4%), nausea/vomiting (7.1%), diarrhoea (5.6%), shivers (4%) and vertigo (1.6%).The rates of local AEs were similar after the first and second doses (P=0.8), whereas systemic AEs occurred more frequently after the second dose (P=0.001). Fever (P=0.03), fatigue (P=0.02) and nausea/vomiting (P=0.03) were significantly more frequent after the second dose of the vaccine. There were no age-related differences in the rate of AEs. Overall, vaccine-related AEs in hemodialysis patients seem to be lower than in the general population.ConclusionRNA-1273 vaccine was associated with the development of transient AEs after the first (57.9%) and second doses (61.9%) in patients on chronic maintenance hemodialysis. Systemic AEs were more common after the second dose. Overall, all AEs lasted for a few days, without any apparent sequelae.
Sex disparities in authorship in pulmonary hypertension research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Lalonde Kathryn , Ruzycki Shannon , Mielniczuk Lisa , Weatherald Jason 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFrom protocol introduction: “Our aim is to examine female authorship and sex disparities in the domain of pulmonary hypertension (PH) research. Despite PH disproportionately affecting females, we hypothesize that the proportion of studies with women as first or senior author will be < 50% and women will be underrepresented in publications in more prestigious journals.”
NetrinG1+ cancer-associated fibroblasts generate unique extracellular vesicles that support the survival of pancreatic cancer cells under nutritional stress
Authors: Raghavan Kristopher S. , Francescone Ralph , Franco-Barraza Janusz , Gardiner Jaye C. , Vendramini-Costa Débora Barbosa , Luong Tiffany , Pourmandi Narges , Andren Anthony , Kurimchak Alison , Ogier Charline , Duncan James S. , Lyssiotis Costas A. , Languino Lucia R. , Cukierman Edna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt is projected that, in 5 years, pancreatic cancer will become the second deadliest cancer in the United States. A unique aspect of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is its stroma; rich in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and a dense CAF-generated extracellular matrix (ECM). This fibrous stroma, known as desmoplasia, causes the collapse of local blood vessels rendering a nutrient-deprived milieu. Hence, PDAC cells are nurtured by local CAF-secreted products, which include, among others, CAF-generated small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). It is well-accepted that upon culturing functionally tumor-promoting CAFs under pathophysiological-relevant conditions (e.g., within self-produced ECM), these cells express NetrinG1 (NetG1) and sustain endosomal pools rich in active α5β1-integrin; traits indicative of poor patient survival. We herein report that NetG1+ CAFs generate sEVs that rescue PDAC cells from nutrient-deprived induced apoptosis. Two unique sEVs, NetG1+ and α5β1-integrin+, were uncovered. The former constitutes cargo of CAF-generated exomeres, and the latter is detected in classic exosomes. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses showed that the sEV-dependent PDAC survival is, at least in part, dictated by the cargo packaged within sEVs in a NetG1-dependent manner. Indeed, despite producing a similar number of vesicles, selected key proteins and metabolites (e.g., glutamine) were incorporated within the unique sEVs. Finally, we found that NetG1 and α5β1-integrin were detected in sEVs collected from plasma of PDAC patients, while their concomitant levels were significantly lower in plasma of sex/age-matched healthy donors. The discovery of these tumor-supporting CAF sEVs opens a new investigative avenue in tumor-stroma interactions and stroma staging detection.