bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular endothelial tissue factor contributes to trimethylamine N-oxide-enhanced arterial thrombosis
Authors: Witkowski Marco , Witkowski Mario , Friebel Julian , Buffa Jennifer A , Li Xinmin S , Wang Zeneng , Sangwan Naseer , Li Lin , DiDonato Joseph A , Tizian Caroline , Haghikia Arash , Kirchhofer Daniel , Mach François , Räber Lorenz , Matter Christian M , Tang W H Wilson , Landmesser Ulf , Lüscher Thomas F , Rauch Ursula , Hazen Stanley L 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Aims
Gut microbiota and their generated metabolites impact the host vascular phenotype. The metaorganismal metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is both associated with adverse clinical thromboembolic events, and enhances platelet responsiveness in subjects. The impact of TMAO on vascular Tissue Factor (TF) in vivo is unknown. Here, we explore whether TMAO-enhanced thrombosis potential extends beyond TMAO effects on platelets, and is linked to TF. We also further explore the links between gut microbiota and vascular endothelial TF expression in vivo.

Methods and results
In initial exploratory clinical studies, we observed that among sequential stable subjects (n = 2989) on anti-platelet therapy undergoing elective diagnostic cardiovascular evaluation at a single-site referral centre, TMAO levels were associated with an increased incident (3 years) risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death) [4th quartile (Q4) vs. Q1 adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.73 (1.25–2.38)]. Similar results were observed within subjects on aspirin mono-therapy during follow-up [adjusted HR (95% CI) 1.75 (1.25–2.44), n = 2793]. Leveraging access to a second higher risk cohort with previously reported TMAO data and monitoring of anti-platelet medication use, we also observed a strong association between TMAO and incident (1 year) MACE risk in the multi-site Swiss Acute Coronary Syndromes Cohort, focusing on the subset (n = 1469) on chronic dual anti-platelet therapy during follow-up [adjusted HR (95% CI) 1.70 (1.08–2.69)]. These collective clinical data suggest that the thrombosis-associated effects of TMAO may be mediated by cells/factors that are not inhibited by anti-platelet therapy. To test this, we first observed in human microvascular endothelial cells that TMAO dose-dependently induced expression of TF and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)1. In mouse studies, we observed that TMAO-enhanced aortic TF and VCAM1 mRNA and protein expression, which upon immunolocalization studies, was shown to co-localize with vascular endothelial cells. Finally, in arterial injury mouse models, TMAO-dependent enhancement of in vivo TF expression and thrombogenicity were abrogated by either a TF-inhibitory antibody or a mechanism-based microbial choline TMA-lyase inhibitor (fluoromethylcholine).

Conclusion
Endothelial TF contributes to TMAO-related arterial thrombosis potential, and can be specifically blocked by targeted non-lethal inhibition of gut microbial choline TMA-lyase.
Identification of nurse work safety measures used in emergency service during pandemic in the state of Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Faria Everson , Arão Isabelle , Simões Helder , Vidal Diogo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Due to the Nurses performance in the front line to combat COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, the exposure of these healthcare professionals has become a health and safety problem in the professional sphere. The objective of the present work was to identify the existing safety measures to protect the nursing team in the Health System.

Methods
A survey was conducted in October 2020 through an online platform to 89 professionals nurses working in municipalities in the state of Goiás, Brazil, on the front lines in the fight against COVID-19.

Results
83.1% reported that they received training to deal with the pandemic. 68.2% of the participants do not have the right to use the refusal of activity in the face of a situation that jeopardized their health. The majority of the sample (56.2%) claimed to have had no psychological support, have worked under pressure (62.9%) and have contact with an infected patient (89.9%). The results identified several safety measures implemented to protect the nursing team: training, distribution, use and control of Individual protection equipment PPE; existence of a prevention commission, security dialogue meetings; informational communication about the pandemic and the existence of a cleaning and hygiene team.

Conclusions
The research concluded that there is still a lack of adherence to various safety measures in daily activities, once isolated measures do not minimize exposure and/or contagion. Despite collective measures being not enough to protect the nursing team, they are the most recommended at the current state of knowledge.
Association between psychosocial risks and performance of radiology technicians in emergency context: outcomes of a cross-section study
Authors: Paiva Inês , Simões Helder , Matos Paulo , Duarte Elisabete , Figueiredo João Paulo , Vidal Diogo , Tavares Óscar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The workers' demand, the introduction of new technologies and the increase in working hours are some of the main factors that result in the emergence of psychosocial risks. These risks compromise workers mental and physical health, and the well-being, leading to consequences not only at the individual level but also at the organizational level. This work aims to determine the capacity of the radiology technicians to work, the psychosocial risks to which they may be exposed, as well as the possible influence of these on their professional performance.

Methods
The Work Ability Index (ICT) and the psychosocial risk scale identified as Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) were applied in a sample of 29 professionals (urgency sector of the University Hospital of Coimbra, Portugal), from a universe of 36 radiology technicians.

Results
The ICT did not differ according to gender, age and qualification among the professionals under study. However, single technicians presented better ICT compared to the other groups. Radiology technicians with a bachelor's degree were more exposed to psychosocial risks in terms of job performance, transparency of the work role, professional rewards, justice and respect, as well as professional self-efficacy.

Conclusions
Studies on psychosocial risks have shown the importance of understanding how the former directly and indirectly influence the professional performance of workers, but also the need to develop strategies to prevent the same risks by improving working conditions and performance of the workers.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown in psychological well-being among students in polytechnic of Santarem and Leiria
Authors: Gonzaga Luís , Silva Mário , Figueiredo Maria do Carmo , Rosa Marta , Matos Rui , Amendoeira José 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The social restraints during the COVID-19 mandatory lockdown led young and undergraduate adults living remarkable changes in their daily lives, challenging the feeling of loneliness and the own perception of social isolation. This study aimed to assess and compare the levels of psychological well-being among students from both Santarém and Leiria Polytechnic Institutes.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was performed in the period immediately after the first lockdown. Participants were 775 students (females = 73.5%), aged between 17 and 55 years. All of them completed measures of the Psychological Well-Being Manifestation Scale (PWBMS; or EMMBEP, in the Portuguese version, by Monteiro, Tavares e Pereira, 2012) measuring six dimensions, components of the eudaimonic model of well-being. Collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows software, Version 27.0.

Results
The results obtained revealed differences of quality in the scores of the six measured dimensions. If subjective experiences on Mental Balance and Sociability are the best indicators of the well-being, the perception of the lack of Social Involvement and low Happiness appear to be limitative factors to the perceived well-being. We also found significant differences in terms of polytechnic institute attended, gender, age categories, and marital status.

Conclusions
The obtained results provide the basis to design and develop a targeted intervention main program focused on the empowerment of higher education students. Build a literacy program with health education strategies, starting from their own perceptions and responses to the experienced situations, allows their easy engagement in the promotion of the psychological well-being.
Novel subgroups of adult-onset diabetes and their outcomes: relationship between previous cardiovascular events and microvascular complications
Authors: Santos Claudio , Brito-Costa Sonia , Margalho Luis , Monteiro Pedro 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global scale problem, closely related to genetic and environmental factors, such as aging, family history, diet, lack of physical exercise, physical inactivity and obesity, which contribute to the increase in its prevalence.

Methods
191 participants (EG) with T2DM with the average of 70.3 years (SD = 8.3) and 36 with pre-diabetes (CG) with an average of 62 years (SD = 10.3) who participated in clinical trials at Clinical Research Unit in Cardiology of Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre without cognitive difficulties, were divided in 5 different clusters. These were established based on six different variables: body mass index (BMI), age of each individual, age at diagnosis of DMT2, glycated haemoglobin value (HbA1c), homeostatic model that estimates the function of β cells (HOMA2-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR).

Results
Cluster 1 presented pre-diabetic individuals (15.9%), while diabetic individuals were divided into clusters 2 (1.8%), 3 (17.6%), 4 (21.1%) and 5 (43.6%). Regarding the study of the prevalence of previous cardiovascular events, the majority of individuals present in the different clusters had history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). For the prevalence of microvascular complications, only chronic kidney disease (CKD) was found in the vast majority of different groups. It was observed a dependency relationship between previous AMI and CKD in clusters 3 (P = 5.16E-5; P &lt; 0.05), 4 (P = 0.0004; P &lt; 0.05) and 5 (P = 0.0023; P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
It was possible to create different clusters in a sample of the Portuguese population and to observe the existence of dependency relationships between different previous cardiovascular events and microvascular complications.
LDHA is differential expressed in luminal A and luminal B breast cancer
Authors: Vieira F Q , Cardoso A R , Gigliano D , Carneiro I , Henrique R , Jerónimo C , Silva R A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most incident cancer in women worldwide, with more than 2 200 000 new cases and 600 000 deaths in 2020. Concerning BrCa molecular signature, tumors expressing estrogen receptor (luminal A and B) normally respond to hormonal therapy, but some cases develop resistance. We recently showed that LDHA expression is reduced upon treatment with [C16Pyr][Amp], a new proposed anti-cancer drug. LDHA has been implicated in Warburg effect regulation and has been associated with BrCa patients’ worse outcome. So, the mail goal of this study was to evaluate LDHA expression in BrCa tissues and correlate it with several clinical and pathological parameters.

Methods
A total of 40 BrCa tissue samples were selected to assess LDHA expression by immunohistochemistry. Percentage of positive tumor cells, intensity of immunostaining, and immunoexpression pattern were blinded evaluated. Correlations between clinicopathological parameters and LDHA expression were assessed using the Chi square test (P &lt; 0.05 was indicated of the statistically significance).

Results
Higher LDHA expression intensity significantly is associated with luminal B molecular subtype (P = 0.003). Conversely, no association is found between LDHA expression and tumor stage or therapy resistance.

Conclusions
The intensity of LDHA immunoexpression is related with luminal molecular subtype B. Since LDHA is associated with the production of lactate, leading to a greater energy obtaining by cancer cells, these cells may have an increased capacity for proliferation. In fact, this subtype was previously reported to express high Ki67 levels, a proliferative marker.
Therapeutic potential of human neural precursor cells in diabetic retinopathy—preclinical model
Authors: Saçaki Claudia Sayuri , Mogharbel Bassam Felipe , Stricker Priscila Elias Ferreira , Dziedzic Dilcele Silva Moreira , Irioda Ana Carolina , Perussolo Maiara Carolina , Ferreira Fabiano Montiani , Moreno Juan , Dornbusch Peterson , Sato Mário , Shiokawa Naoye , de Noronha Lucia , Galdino Marianna Bacelar , Abdelwahid Eltyeb , Franco Célia Regina Cavichiolo , de Carvalho Katherine Athayde Teixeira 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Considering the expressive number of individuals being diagnosed with diabetes worldwide, it is relevant to find medicines and treatments, in order to achieve diabetes complications, as diabetic retinopathy (DR) long-awaited regression and/or cure. The study aimed to evaluate cell therapy with human neural precursor cells (hNPCs) on induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Wistar rats.

Methods
Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were isolated, expanded, and seeded onto a biopolymer substrate without growth factors to develop neurospheres, then hNPCs were obtained and characterized by immunocytochemistry. The animals were divided into three groups; non-diabetic (ND) n = 4; diabetic without treatment (DM) n = 9; diabetic with cell therapy (DM + hNPCs) n = 9. Cells were transplanted by intravitreal injection (1 x 106 cel/µL) into each of Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes rats. Evaluations by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Electroretinography (ERG) were done before and after diabetes induction and post cell therapy. Four weeks after treatment, eye enucleation allowed histopathological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis.

Results
hNPCs increased the number of retina ganglion cells, ameliorated the photoreceptor layer, and decreased the microvessel points, evidenced by ERG, OCT, histopathological, and IHC findings. The most relevant differences in morphological analysis (treated vs untreated), exhibit the retinal improvement in many layers, notably in the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors.

Conclusions
hNPCs reduced DR progression, as demonstrated by a neuroprotective effect and promotion of retinal regeneration.
Vanadium compounds therapeutic effects in melanoma
Authors: Amante Cristina I , Aureliano Manuel , De Sousa-Coelho Ana Luísa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Polyoxometalates are a diverse family of metal-oxo anions of early transitional metal ions in high oxidation states, including vanadium. Such compounds are gaining increasing interest in biomedicine due to their anti-cancer activity. Regarding melanoma, available therapies’ effectiveness is still currently limited, commonly leading to relapse. For this reason, it is vital to identify novel anti-cancer agents.

Methods
To better understand the mechanism of action involved in the anti-cancer vanadium-based compounds in melanoma, we conducted a systematic review. Search was performed in Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scielo, and Web of Science (20/4-8/5/2020). Review articles were excluded. Inclusion criteria considered articles between 2000 and 2020, written in English, in which vanadium compounds were evaluated alone (not combined with other drugs), allowing to recognise the effects exclusively derived from vanadium.

Results
Based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 5 articles, published between 2013 and 2020, were analyzed. All tested compounds, including Oxidovanadium(IV) complexes [VIVO(mpp)2] and [VIVO(ppp)2] (VS3, VS4), reduced cellular viability. Moreover, Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and Xyloglucan from Copaifera Langsdorffii complexed with Oxovanadium(IV/V) (XGC:VO), in murine B16F10 cells, and Inorganic anion vanadate (VN), [VIVO (dhp)2] (VS2), and N,N’-ethylenebis (pyridoxylideneiminato) vanadium(IV) complex [Pyr2enV(IV)], in A375 cells, induced apoptosis. VN, VS2 and Pyr2enV(IV) increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in A375 cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that V2O5 prolonged the life of mice implanted with B16F10 cells, with no systemic toxicity.

Conclusions
Several different vanadium-based compounds have anti-cancer potential in melanoma, mainly increasing apoptosis and ROS production. Specific metal-based complexes are potential melanoma treatments, which might have been previously neglected.
A comparative study on indirect costs of suicide in Portugal: productivity loss as an additional way to approach healthcare prioritization
Authors: Neto J , Carvalho C , Almeida P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Suicide and voluntary self-harm (SVSA) accounted for 0.95% of all deaths in Portugal in 2017. Economic evaluation includes indirect costs analysis, relating to Years of Life Lost (YLL) and premature death. This study aimed to estimate and compare the indirect costs from loss of productivity due to SVSA and 12 other causes of death in 2017.

Methods
YLL were adapted to the working age (18–66 years-old) ‘Years of Productivity Lost’ (YPL) adjusting the groups 15–19 years-old and under, and disregarding the ages over 66 years-old. The causes of death were based on the European Shortlist. The loss of productivity from deaths was estimated from the YPL and the ‘Apparent Productivity of Work’, with an annual discount rate of 3%, translated into % of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2017. The calculations were performed for the SVSA and for 12 causes of death selected from national Priority Health Programs. The INE and Pordata databases for the year 2017 were used. Calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel for Office 365 software version 2102.

Results
The estimated costs from loss of productivity by SLAV deaths in 2017 represented approximately 0.16% of GDP. It is the third highest among the 13 causes of death analyzed, ranking behind malignant neoplasm of larynx/trachea/bronchi/lung and ischaemic heart disease.

Conclusions
Prioritization of health resources may benefit by integrating lost productivity concepts with other indicators. Limitations include predictable increase of retirement age in the future and the oversimplified calculation of productivity costs. Future studies may include sensitivity assessments and other relevant variables.
Drug–drug interaction in elderly patients with cancer
Authors: Capitão Romana , Jesus Ângelo , Oliveira Rita , Afreixo Vera 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Elderly cancer patients have a high risk of exposure to potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs), given the therapeutic complexity to which they are subjected. The study of pDDIs is very important to enable more effective treatments, with the least possible number of complications.The aim of this study was to identify and characterize pDDIs in elderly cancer patients treated at the Day Hospital of IPO-Porto.

Methods
Information about patients sociodemographic data and chronic medication were collected through an interview with application of a questionnaire to the elderly patient. Patient’s clinical files were also consulted to complement information needed for the study. The ATC classification of drugs was performed and Micromedex® tool was used to identify and characterize pDDIs. The most prevalent pDDIs were analyzed and discussed.

Results
A total of 335 elderly patients with cancer were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of polymedication was 88.10% and excessive polymedication was 46.60%. A total of 1125 pDDIs were identified in 248 patients (74.03%) and 211 pDDIs involved at least one antineoplastic drug. The pDDIs that were detected more frequently were: Fluorouracil - Leucovorin Calcium (N = 28), Cyclophosphamide - Ondansetron (N = 27) and Metoclopramide - Tramadol (N = 20). A significant association was detected between the number of drugs consumed and the number of pDDIs.

Conclusions
Elderly patients with cancer have a high risk of drug interactions, given the polymedication they are exposed. It's crucial to implement measures to monitor their therapy in order to reduce the potential for drug interactions and improve the quality of patient's life.
Body mass index, shift work and food consumption: what relationship?
Authors: Morgado Carolina , Lima João 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
A significant percentage of the population is working on shift work and according to several studies this type of work schedule has been associated with an increased risk of developing some pathologies, such as obesity, which are one of the biggest mortality causes in the world. To understand if the shift work has a negative influence on the workers' diet and if it affects the Body Mass Index.

Methods
Observational and cross-sectional research was conducted, through an online survey designed for this purpose, including fruit and vegetables consumption, sociodemographic characteristics, shift work schedule, sleep hours and reported values of weight and height. The study was ethical approval and statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software. A critical significance level of 5% was considered.

Results
145 workers were evaluated with an average age of 35.90 ± 10.92 years and an average Body Mass Index of 25.12 ± 4.54 kg/m2, 76.6% were female. 51.7% of the individuals worked on shift work. Body Mass Index of shift workers is higher than Body Mass Index day shift workers (P = 0.001), and they sleep, on average, less hours than day workers. No differences was observed related to fruit and vegetables consumptions. Shift workers reported to have higher difficult to management food intake when compared with day workers (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Shift work seems to have a negative influence on the workers' sleep and in Body Mass Index. This study is important to develop, in the future, individualized strategies, for these workers