bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of grapiprant administered to red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) after food was withheld for 24 hours
Authors: Rodriguez Paula , Paul-Murphy Joanne R. , Knych Heather K. , Drazenovich Tracy L. , Hawkins Michelle G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To identify an oral dose of grapiprant for red-tailed hawks (RTHAs; Buteo jamaicensis) that would achieve a plasma concentration > 164 ng/mL, which is considered therapeutic for dogs with osteoarthritis.

ANIMALS
6 healthy adult RTHAs.

PROCEDURES
A preliminary study, in which grapiprant (4 mg/kg [n = 2], 11 mg/kg [2], or 45 mg/kg [2]) was delivered into the crop of RTHAs from which food had been withheld for 24 hours, was performed to obtained pharmacokinetic data for use with modeling software to simulate results for grapiprant doses of 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 mg/kg. Simulation results directed our selection of the grapiprant dose administered to the RTHAs in a single-dose study. Plasma grapiprant concentration, body weight, and gastrointestinal signs of RTHAs were monitored.

RESULTS
On the basis of results from the preliminary study and simulations, a grapiprant dose of 30 mg/kg was used in the single-dose study. The geometric mean maximum observed plasma concentration of grapiprant was 3,184 ng/mL, time to maximum plasma grapiprant concentration was 2.0 hours, and the harmonic mean terminal half-life was 17.1 hours. No substantial adverse effects were observed.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although the single dose of grapiprant (30 mg/kg) delivered into the crop achieved plasma concentrations > 164 ng/mL in the RTHAs, it was unknown whether this concentration would be therapeutic for birds. Further research that incorporates multidose assessments, safety monitoring, and pharmacodynamic data collection is warranted on the use of grapiprant in RTHAs from which food was withheld versus not withheld.
Evaluation of glucose absorption rates following intracoelomic or subcutaneous administration in experimentally dehydrated inland bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps)
Authors: Minor Rashea L. , Doss Grayson A. , Mans Christoph 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate glucose absorption rates as an indirect measure of fluid absorption after SC or intracoelomic (ICe) administration of 2.5% dextrose solution to experimentally dehydrated inland bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).

ANIMALS
9 adult bearded dragons.

PROCEDURES
In a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design study, bearded dragons were experimentally dehydrated with a previously described protocol and then received 2.5% dextrose solution (a 1:1 mixture of 5% dextrose in isotonic multiple electrolytes solution; 20 mL/kg), SC or ICe, or a control treatment (the same electrolytes solution without added glucose; 20 mL/kg). Blood glucose (BG) concentrations were measured at predetermined times up to 24 hours after fluid administration. There was a ≥ 14-day washout period between treatments. Mean changes in BG concentration from baseline were compared among treatments.

RESULTS
Administration of 2.5% dextrose solution by either route increased BG concentration with a significantly greater change in values within 5 minutes, compared with control treatment results. The mean change in BG concentration after ICe administration was significantly greater than that after SC administration 15 and 30 minutes after injection, with mean differences of −50 and −36 mg/dL, respectively, for the SC treatment. Within 1 hour after fluid administration, there was no significant difference in BG values between the 2 dextrose administration routes.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Findings supported that fluid therapy by SC administration, which carries a lower risk of iatrogenic complications, can provide results similar to those achieved with ICe administration.
Evaluation of canine adipose–derived multipotent stromal cell differentiation to ligamentoblasts on tensioned collagen type I templates in a custom bioreactor culture system
Authors: Taguchi Takashi , Zhang Nan , Angibeau Dominique , Spivey Kathryn P. , Lopez Mandi J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate differentiation of canine adipose–derived multipotent stromal cells (ASCs) into ligamentoblasts on tensioned collagen type I (Col1) templates in a perfusion culture system.

SAMPLES
Infrapatellar fat pad ASCs from healthy stifle joints of 6 female mixed-breed dogs.

PROCEDURES
Third-passage ASCs (6 × 106 cells/template) were loaded onto suture-augmented Col1 templates under 15% static strain in perfusion bioreactors. Forty-eight ASC-Col1 constructs were incubated with ligamentogenic (ligamentogenic constructs; n = 24) or stromal medium (stromal constructs; 24) for up to 21 days. Specimens were collected from each construct after 2 hours (day 0) and 7, 14, and 21 days of culture. Cell number, viability, distribution, and morphology; construct collagen content; culture medium procollagen-I-N-terminal peptide concentration; and gene expression were compared between ligamentogenic and stromal constructs.

RESULTS
ASCs adhered to collagen fibers. Cell numbers increased from days 0 to 7 and days 14 to 21 for both construct types. Relative to stromal constructs, cell morphology and extracellular matrix were more mature and collagen content on day 21 and procollagen-I-N-terminal peptide concentration on days 7 and 21 were greater for ligamentogenic constructs. Ligamentogenic constructs had increased expression of the genes biglycan on day 7, decorin throughout the culture period, and Col1, tenomodulin, fibronectin, and tenascin-c on day 21; expression of Col1, tenomodulin, and tenascin-c increased between days 7 and 21.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Ligamentogenic medium was superior to stromal medium for differentiation of ASCs to ligamentoblasts on suture-augmented Col1 scaffolds. Customized ligament neotissue may augment treatment options for dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture.
A Percepção Da Extensão. Exame das teses de Berkeley
Authors: Alves Pedro MS. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper I discuss Berkeley’s theories about vision, perception of distance, and the foundations of Geometry. I start with Locke’s answer to Molineaux’s problem and the criticisms Berkeley addressed to it. I explain the fundamentais of Berkeley’s theory about our cognitive shaping of the visual field and the type of connections that visual data establishes with data from the haptic field. I show how interesting are Berkeley’s conceptions for a phenomenology of perception, and, eventually, I carried some phenomenological evidence against Berkeley’s too much strict location of the idea of distance in the haptic field alone.
Valores y racionalidad en los diversos tipos de cultura
Authors: Martín Javier San 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The author deals with philosophical ethos in its practical function. After the First World War Husserl not only considers the structure but also the function of phenomenology. A meditation on this function, with regard to the history of philosophy, is his primal task in the Freiburg years. Thus the possibility of developing a rigorous phenomenology of practical reason becomes the basis of phenomenology. The importance of Husserl’s characterization of life in terms of striving is stressed as a key motive in the turn from static to genetic phenomenology. It is argued that instinctive life is inserted in a cultural development that shapes a theoretical side providing content to our primal tendencies as well as the identity of individuals. A decisive point in genetic phenomenology is the passage from instinctive animality to human life. This development rests on a pretheoretic affectivity that colors life as a sort of subconsciousness underlying all our activities. It is the originary stratum through which we approach the world. The article goes on to high-light the importance of Husserl’s concept of culture and specifically of his practical concept of culture which is made up of life-regulations and without which an ideal and a technical culture are devoid of a ground. Finally, the author considers life-regulations as a key problem to be dealt with by phenomenology first in the emotional and then in the practical level.
Engaging the social: Community engaged pedagogy in the context of decolonization and transformation at the University of Cape Town
Authors: Chihota Justice , Harding Genevieve , Louskieter Lance , McMillan Janice , Mkhonta Sizwe , Oliver Sarah 
Published: October 2021

Globally, higher education is at a crossroads on so many levels: funding, course development, who our students are, what knowledge is relevant for the world of work and beyond, what kinds of students do we want to graduate, and who are we as educators. All these questions (and more) have been around for some time; the current COVID-19 context however brings them even more sharply to the fore.
This paper responds to the prompt about how we train professionals for the future so that they don’t participate in systems of oppression and inequality. It was written in 2017 in response to a conference on social and epistemic justice in the wake of the 2015 student protest movements and was written collaboratively by an intergenerational group of educators working on a course in the Engineering and Built Environment (EBE) Faculty at the University of Cape Town, South Africa. All of us have a strong commitment to social justice, and to providing engineering students with an opportunity to think about their professional identity through the lens of community engagement. While written before the onset of COVID-19, we believe that the arguments we make are pertinent to the current context. Drawing on the Honors’ thesis of one member of our group, we sought to reflect on and analyze our work in this context. In particular, the principles of multi-centricity, indigeneity and reflexivity (Dei, 2014) proved useful in making sense of our practice and our work together.
Tetraventricular noncommunicating hydrocephalus: Case report and literature review
Authors: Rosa Magno Rocha Freitas , Cruz Thainá Zanon , Magalhães Junior Eduardo Vasconcelos , Nigri Flavio 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Tetraventricular hydrocephalus is a common presentation of communicating hydrocephalus. Conversely, cases with noncommunicating etiology impose a diagnostic challenge and are often neglected and underdiagnosed. Herein, we present a review of literature for clinical, diagnostic, and surgical aspects regarding noncommunicating tetrahydrocephalus caused by primary fourth ventricle outlet obstruction (FVOO), illustrating with a case from our service.

Methods:
We performed a research on PubMed database crossing the terms “FVOO,” “tetraventriculomegaly,” and “hydrocephalus” in English. Fifteen articles (a total of 34 cases of primary FVOO) matched our criteria and were, therefore, included in this study besides our own case.

Results:
Most cases presented in adulthood (47%), equally divided between male and female. Clinical presentation was unspecific, commonly including headache, nausea, and dizziness as symptoms (35.29%, 21.57%, and 9.80%, respectively), with ataxic gait (65%) and papilledema (40%) being the most frequent signs. MRI and CT were the imaging modalities of choice (11 patients each), often associated with CSF flow studies, such as cine MRI and CT ventriculogram. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was both the most popular and effective surgical approach (50.85% of cases, with 18.91% of recurrence) followed by ventricle-peritoneal shunt (16.95% of patients, 23.0% of recurrence).

Conclusion:
FVOO stands for a poorly understood etiology of noncommunicating tetrahydrocephalus. With the use of ETV, these cases, once hopeless, had its morbimortality and recurrence reduced greatly. Therefore, its suspicion and differentiation from other forms of tetrahydrocephalus can improve its natural course, reinforcing the importance of its acknowledgment.
Spontaneous regression of a thrombosed cerebral arteriovenous malformation in a patient with a prothrombotic state associated with multiple myeloma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Arenas-Ruiz José A. , Hernández-Álvarez Nickjail , de Llano Juan P. Navarro-Garcia , Ponce-Ayala Aurelio , Nathal Edgar 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are pathologic communications between veins and arteries of the brain vasculature. Its spontaneous regression is rare, and many factors have been described in the effort to explain this phenomenon, including a hypercoagulable state.

Case Description:
We present the case of a spontaneous unruptured AVM regression in a patient where thrombosis of the malformation was found, probably due to a prothrombotic state associated with multiple myeloma (MM).

Conclusion:
We aim to contribute to the study of this rare phenomenon, presenting the relationship between a hypercoagulable state caused by MM and the spontaneous AVM regression that has not been previously reported.
Comparison between ultra-high-resolution computed tomographic angiography and conventional computed tomographic angiography in the visualization of the subcallosal artery
Authors: Sato Yoshimichi , Endo Toshiki , Kayano Shingo , Nemoto Hitoshi , Shimada Kazuki , Ito Akira , Endo Hidenori , Mugikura Shunji , Niizuma Kuniyasu , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The subcallosal artery (ScA) is a single dominant artery arising from the anterior communicating artery. Its injury causes amnesia and cognitive disturbance. The conventional computed tomographic angiography (C-CTA) is a common evaluation method of the intracranial artery. However, to image tinny perforating arteries such as the ScA is technically demanding for C-CTA. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the ultra-high-resolution CTA (UHR-CTA) could image the ScA better than C-CTA. UHR-CTA became available in clinical practice in 2017. Its novel features are the improvement of the detector system and a small X-ray focus.

Methods:
Between April 2019 and May 2020, 77 and 49 patients who underwent intracranial UHR-CTA and C-CTA, respectively, were enrolled in this study. Two board-certified neurosurgeons participated as observers to identify the ScA based on UHR-CTA and C-CTA images.

Results:
UHR-CTA and C-CTA detected the ScA in 56–58% and 30–40% of the patients, respectively. In visualization of the ScA, UHR-CTA was better than C-CTA (P < 0.05, Fisher’s exact test). Between the two observers, the Cohen’s kappa coefficient was 0.77 for UHR-CTA and 0.78 for C-CTA.

Conclusions:
UHR-CTA is a simple and accessible method to evaluate intracranial vasculature. Visualization of the ScA with UHR-CTA was better than that with C-CTA. The high quality of UHR-CTA could provide useful information in the neurosurgery field.
Estimativa de Erosividade das chuvas (R) em uma bacia tropical do oeste da Bahia
Authors: Da Silva Lorena Souza , Ferraz Lorena Lima , Rocha Felizardo Adenilson , Silva Santos Carlos Amilton , Sousa Lucas Farias , Daltro Ubirathan Santos 
Published: October 2021

A chuva é um fator ativo na erosão hídrica, sendo esta a mais danosa erosão para solos e água. Diversos métodos foram desenvolvidos para estimar o potencial da precipitação em desagregar partículas dos solos. Neste sentido, objetivo deste trabalho é estimar e mapear o potencial erosivo das chuvas, bem como o período de retorno e probabilidade de ocorrência na bacia hidrográfica dos Rios Galheirão e Roda Velha, situada no oeste da Bahia. Foram utilizados dados fornecidos de 14 estações convencionais da Agencia Nacional de águas e 20 pontos estimados por sensores orbitais (TRMM) disponibilizados pela Empresa Brasileira de Agropecuária. Os dados foram inseridos em fórmulas e posteriormente distribuídos espacialmente em ambiente SIG. Para análise comparativa dos resultados encontrados com o cenário de uso e ocupação do solo, foi utilizado o mapa disponibilizado pelo Mapbiomas. Os resultados indicam a estimativa de erosividade anual com valores de até 13,536.28 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1 por ano. A região oeste da bacia possui os maiores índices erosivos nas áreas de intensa atividade agrícola, sendo mais intensa nos meses de maior lâmina precipitada. Os índices erosivos da bacia hidrográfica são considerados de baixa e média erosividade. Estimation of rain erosion (R) in a tropical basin in western Bahia Abstract: Rain is an active factor in water erosion, which is the most damaging erosion to soil and water. Several methods have been developed to estimate the potential of precipitation to break down soil particles. In this sense, the objective of this work is to estimate and map the erosive potential of the rains as well as the period of return and probability of occurrence in the hydrographic basin of the Rivers Galheirão and Roda Velha, located in the west of Bahia. Data provided from 14 conventional stations of the National Water Agency were used, 20 points estimated by orbital sensors (TRMM) made available by the Brazilian Agricultural Company, the data were inserted in formulas and later distributed spatially in a GIS environment. For comparative analysis of the results found the map provided by Mapbiomas was used with the land use and occupation scenario. The results indicate the annual erosivity estimate with values of up to 13,536.28 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1 per year. Since the western region of the basin has the highest erosion rates that correspond to the areas of intense agricultural activity, being more intense in the months of greater precipitated depth. The erosive indices of the hydrographic basin are considered of low and medium erosivity.
ANALISIS MUATAN TOLERANSI DALAM TRADISI MASYARAKAT JAWA PADA CERPEN BERJUDUL “JAGO KLURUK” KARYA BAMBANG SULANJARI DAN H.R UTAMI
Authors: Rohmah Sofi Lailatu , Umaya Nazla Maharani 
Published: October 2021

Cerpen Joko Kluruk karya Bambang Sulanjari dan H.R Utami merupakan kumpulan cerpen berbahasa jawa yang memuat adat dan kebiasaan sehari-hari masyarakat jawa dan diterbitkan pada tahun 2009 oleh Panji Pustaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aspek sosial toleransi yang terdapat pada cerpen berjudul “Jago Kluruk” karya Bambang Sulanjari dan H.R Utami. Cerpen ini dipilih karena memuat aspek sosial mengenai tradisi dan kebiasaan masyarakat jawa yang beberapa diantaranya masih diterapkan dalam kehidupan nyata oleh masyarakat jawa saat ini. Cerpen ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan analisis datanya menggunkan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Struktur cerpen terbentuk oleh unsur narasi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah cerpen berjudul “Jago Kluruk” yang terdapat dalam kumpulan buku Rembulan Ndadari karya Bambang Sulanjari dan H.R Utami. Setelah dianalisis, diperoleh hasil bahwa dalam kumpulan cerpen Rembulan Ndadari yang berjudul “Jago Kluruk” memuat beberapa aspek sosial toleransi yaitu dalam tradisi nyadranan, punjung-pinunjung, urip prasaja, dan gotong royong.
Survey Teknik-Teknik Database Design Menggunakan Metode Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Wibawa Mohamad Ichsan , Azzufar Farhan Rafif , Firdaus Ilmi Rasyidah , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul 
Published: October 2021

Teknik database desain adalah segala metode yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan perancangan dalam membuat sebuah database. Dalam mendesain database, terdapat beberapa teknik yang dapat digunakan. Namun dalam penggunaanya, kerap dijumpai kurangnya kecocokan teknik dengan jenis database yang akan digunakan. Maka dari itu, tujuan dibuatnya paper ini untuk menyajikan pasangan teknik dan jenis database yang baik untuk dikombinasikan. Manfaat dari pembuatan paper ini yaitu untuk membantu para developer dalam menentukan teknik dan jenis database yang sesuai, yang nantinya akan diterapkan pada aplikasi yang dibangun. Metode yang digunakan dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah meninjau Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap paper-paper penelitian yang membahas tentang teknik mendesain database dari tahun 1988-2018. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu teknik-teknik dalam mendesain database antara lain teknik normalisasi, teknik entity-relationship, dan teknik date wilson. Berdasarkan survey yang telah kami lakukan, kami mendapatkan kesimpulan pasangan teknik desain dengan jenis databasenya yang paling cocok digunakan dalam membangun aplikasi yang akan dibuat oleh developer untuk contoh kasus pembuatan database sistem informasi perpustakaan.
Inheritance of the performance and its constituents by common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hybrids and lines
Authors: Dupliak O. , Barban O. , Pysarets M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose. To study the inheritance nature and polymorphism of the performance as well as the traits determining it in intervariety hybrids of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and to identify promising genotypes and lines for further practical breeding.
Material and methods. The intraspecies F1–F6 hybrid common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) combinations derived from crosses of varieties of different eco-geographical origin (Mavka/CDC Camino, Belko/CDC Rosalee and Mavka/Niger Wally) were studied. The study object was the performance and suitability for mechanized harvesting as well as traits that determine them. The breeding was conducted according to the full breeding design. We conducted multiple individual selections, starting with F2. We used experimental-field and laboratory-analytical methods and statistical processing of data on a PC.
Results and discussion. The degree of phenotypic dominance of the plant height in F1 hybrids varied 9.4 to –1.75, of the performance and its constituents – 2.7 to – 1.5. The frequency of probable transgressions in F2 was within 16.5–32.0 and 0–14.7%, respectively, with a coefficient of variation ranging 17.5% to 61.9%. The index traits were less variable. In the F3 Mavka/CDC Camino the share of performance-positive transgressions was 50.0%; in the F3 Belko/CDC Rosalee it was 12.0% related to the number of transgressive forms in F2. In the F4 Mavka/CDC Camino, it increased to 66.1%. 57.1% of the F5–F6 breeding lines gave higher yields than that from check variety Pervomaiska. In 64.3% of the breeding lines, the yield stability exceeded 70%; 39.2% of the accessions were better (81.4–97.1%) than the check variety (76.5%).
Conclusions. Intravariety hybridization was proved to be an effective method for the crop breeding. It is recommended to select idiotypes from hybrid populations from crossing forms have contrasting traits, starting with F3; it is advisable to use the harvest index as a selection criterion
EFEKTIVITAS FRAKSI AKTIF EKSTRAK ETANOL LABU SIAM (Sechium edule (Jack) Sw) SEBAGAI ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA TIKUS HIPERTENSI YANG DIINDUKSI MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT
Authors: Anas Yance , Cahyani Ika Nilam , Sukma Ulum Firnanda 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Previous studies accomplished that the chayote ethanol extract (Sechium edule (Jack) Sw) had an
antihypertensive effect. To get and identify the active compound, we fractionated the extract and
evaluated its antihypertensive activity. This study aims to investigate the antihypertensive effect of
the n-hexane fraction (HF-CEE) and ethyl acetate fraction of chayote ethanol extract (EAF-CEE)
in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced hypertensive rats. We made the chayote extract using the
maceration method by soaking the chayote simplicia in ethanol 70%. HF-CEE and EAF-CEE were
obtained by stratified fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. An antihypertensive effect of
the fraction measured on MSG-induced hypertension male Wistar rats after MSG 100 mg/kg
BW/day (p.o) treatment for 14 days. The study concluded that HF-CEE and EAF-CEE had an
antihypertensive effect in MSG-induced hypertensive rats. The EAF-CEE antihypertensive effect is
higher than HF-CEE. Therefore, the FEAF-CEE active compounds need to be isolated, identified,
developed, and their potential as an antihypertensive candidate.

Keywords: Antihypertensive, chayote, ethyl-acetate fraction, Sechium edule, monosodium
glutamate