bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective Cognition Reported by Caregivers Is Correlated With Objective Cognition in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Ko Dami , Dietrich Mary S. , Gifford Katherine A. , Ridner Sheila H. 
Published: June 2021

Objective cognitive assessments, a gold standard diagnostic tool for cognitive impairment, may not be feasible in busy liver transplantation (LT) practice because they are often time consuming. This study determined whether subjective cognition, patients’ self‐ratings and/or caregivers’ ratings of patients’ cognition, reflects objective cognition in LT recipients. A convenience sample of 60 adult LT recipients and their caregivers, recruited at a single transplant center, participated in this cross‐sectional descriptive study. Subjective cognition (ie, recipient self‐rated and caregiver rated) was measured using the Everyday Cognition (ECog; global and 6 domain scores). Objective global and domain‐specific cognition of recipients was measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Trail Making Test parts A and B, Digit Span Backward, and Rey‐Osterrieth Complex Figure. Agreement between LT recipients’ ECog scores and those of their caregivers was fair to moderate (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.48 for global score, 0.35‐0.56 for domain scores). Significant, albeit rather weak, correlations were found between subjective and objective scores. Recipients’ ECog visuospatial abilities scores were correlated with Rey‐Osterrieth Complex Figure scores (r
s = −0.39; P = 0.007), whereas caregivers’ ECog global, attention, visuospatial abilities, and organization scores were, respectively, correlated with the scores of RBANS global (r
s = −0.33; P = 0.04) and attention (r
s = −0.46; P = 0.005), Rey‐Osterrieth Complex Figure (Copy; r
s = −0.34; P = 0.03), and Trail Making Test part A (r
s = 0.31; P = 0.049). The findings suggest that caregivers may estimate LT recipients’ cognition better than recipients themselves. Caregivers may provide supplemental information that could be useful for clinicians when considering the cognitive functioning of LT recipients.
Cationic Polymerization of β‐Pinene Using B(C6F5)3 as a Lewis Acid for the Synthesis of Tackifiers in Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Authors: Destephen Aurélie , González de San Román Estíbaliz , Martínez‐Tong Daniel Enrique , Ballard Nicholas 
Published: June 2021

Abstractβ‐pinene is a well‐known bio‐based monomer that can be polymerized via cationic polymerization to give low molecular weight resins that find use commercially as tackifiers. However, the controlled synthesis of these polymers by cationic polymerization is challenging due to the reactivity of commonly used Lewis acid catalysts and the propagating carbocationic species with water. Here, the cationic polymerization of β‐pinene under mild conditions using the water stable Lewis acid tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane is demonstrated. It is shown that when combined with a suitable alcohol initiator the molecular weight of the polymer can be tuned while the kinetics are largely controlled by the concentration of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. The final poly(β‐pinene) is shown to perform well as a tackifier in the formation of pressure sensitive adhesives based on polystyrene‐b‐polyisoprene‐b‐polystyrene triblock copolymers.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Modified Surface to Remove Lead (II) from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Isa Mohamad Ismail Mohamad , Azhar Siti Maizatul Ameera , Zaharudin Nazikussabah , Samsudin Ahmad Salihin , Samah Nurlin Abu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the present work, the method developed is cellulose modified surface (CMS) to remove heavy metals such as lead II (Pb2+) from aqueous solution. The objective of present work is to investigate the effectiveness of CMS to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution which includes some certain parameters such as kinetic study, saturation study and pH effect. CMS is prepared by acidification method; then, the activated cellulose is mixed with allylthiourea and acetonitrile. CMS is characterized using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Elemental Analyzer. The most efficient time for sorption is 180 min with sorption capacity of 46%. For saturation study, the highest sorption is 45.89% at the concentration of 1.389 mg L−1. In pH study, it has been found that CMS works the best at pH 7 (64.35%). For qualitative analysis, based on FTIR spectra, there is difference between before and after sorption of CMS. This difference can indicate there is Pb2+ on the surface of CMS. Elemental analysis indicates that there is oxidation process occur on CMS surface that shows attachment of thiol group on the surface. In conclusion, further study is required in order to enhance the CMS capability to remove more Pb2+ from aqueous solution.
Molecular structure and HOMO/LUMO analysis of 1,1'‐Spirobi[3H‐2,1‐benzoxaselenolene] by quantum chemical investigation
Authors: Guin Mridula , Verma Vinay Kumar , Singh Riya , Singh Ram C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis work involves the investigation of equilibrium geometry, electronic energy, the HOMO/LUMO band gap, and Mulliken population analysis of 1,1'‐Spirobi[3H‐2,1‐benzoxaselenolene] using density functional approach. A total of 10 functionals are tested for better prediction of the molecular structure of the title compound. The functional GGA‐BLYP with the DNP basis set is found to be the best to correctly predict the experimental structure. The HOMO‐LUMO electronic gap is found to be 3.849 eV.
A Novel Design of All Optical Logical AND Gate Based on 2‐D Photonic Crystal
Authors: Shukla Anil Kumar , Pandey Girijesh Narayan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAll‐optical logic AND gate is realized based on two dimensional photonic crystal composed of Si rods in air. The structure proposed is designed with T‐junction using line defect and point defect in the crystal. Plane‐wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods are used to simulate and analyze the performance of the proposed AND gate. The size of the logic gate is only about 18 µm x 18 µm and it works in the 1550 nm wavelength. The contrast ratio obtained for this structure is 11db. The band diagram obtained for this structure gives a good forbidden band gap in the normalized frequency range of 0.264783 ≤ (1/λ) ≤ 0.4213565 for transverse electric mode. Therefore, band gap width is 0.1247972. The simplicity and the small sized T‐shaped structure along with high contrast ratio make this device suitable candidate for integration in optical communication.
Two novel strategies to overcome the resistance to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs: Macrocyclic inhibitors and proteolysis‐targeting chimeras
Authors: Song Xiaoling , Zhong Hui , Qu Xiaojuan , Yang Linsong , Jiang Biao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLung cancer is the most malignant tumor in the worldwide. About 3%‐5% non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients carry anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusions and receive great benefits from ALK‐targeted therapy. However, drug resistance inevitably occurs even with the most potent inhibitor drug lorlatinib. About half of the resistance are caused by alteration in ALK proteins for earlier ALK TKI drugs and near one‐third of loratinib resistant cases are caused by compound mutations without current effective treatment strategy in clinic. Novel strategies are in great need to overcome drug resistance. Lately, two novel strategies have been developed and attracted great attentions for their potentials to overcome drug resistance problems: (1) developed small compact macrocyclic ALK kinase inhibitors and (2) developed ALK targeted proteolysis‐targeting chimera (PROTAC) drugs. The macrocyclic molecules are small and compact in size, brain barrier permeable, and highly potent against lorlatinib‐resistant compound mutations. Developed ALK targeted PROTAC molecules could degrade oncogenic ALK driver proteins. Some showed superiority in killing ALK positive cancer cells and inhibiting the growth of cells expressing G1202R resistant ALK proteins comparing to inhibitor drugs. The update on these two treatment strategies was reviewed.
Enhanced interfacial interactions of carbon fiber/epoxy resincomposites by regulatingPEG‐E51and graphene oxide complex sizing at the interface
Authors: Chi Xiaofeng , Li Muxuan , Liang Mei , Chen Yang , Zou Huawei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA method of using modified epoxy resin (PEG‐E51) and graphene oxide (GO) as sizing agent in different pH has been proposed and applied to improve the interfacial interactions and bonding of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced epoxy resin‐based (EP) composites. The PEG‐E51 and GO complex sizing in different pH is prepared and then coated on CF surfaces homogeneously. The sizing layer forms on the fiber surfaces, and multiple GO sheets are introduced successfully surrounding the CFs. The surface morphologies of CFs change distinctly with different pH. The interfacial shear strength increases from 51.36 MPa for bare fiber‐reinforced EP composites to 66.62 MPa for composites reinforced by CFs coated with GO only. However, a significant improvement is achieved when the pH is adjusted to 10, making the interfacial shear strength grow up to 77.23 MPa. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy results and interlaminar shear strength test are in agreement with each other, suggesting better interface bonding of composites by regulating pH of PEG‐E51 and GO complex sizing. Besides, the interfacial interaction mechanism in CF reinforced composites is also explored, that is, the positive effects of roughness and specific surface area in complex interfacial layers lead to the improvement of interfacial properties.
Charting a path for prioritization of novel agents for clinical trials in osteosarcoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group New Agents for Osteosarcoma Task Force
Authors: Whittle Sarah B. , Offer Katharine , Roberts Ryan D. , LeBlanc Amy , London Cheryl , Majzner Robbie G. , Huang Alex Y. , Houghton Peter , Alejandro Sweet Cordero E. , Grohar Patrick J. , Isakoff Michael , Bishop Michael W. , Stewart Elizabeth , Slotkin Emily K. , Greengard Emily , Borinstein Scott C. , Navid Fariba , Gorlick Richard , Janeway Katherine A. , Reed Damon R. , Hingorani Pooja 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor in children and young adults. Metastatic and relapsed disease confer poor prognosis, and there have been no improvements in outcomes for several decades. The disease's biological complexity, lack of drugs developed specifically for osteosarcoma, imperfect preclinical models, and limits of existing clinical trial designs have contributed to lack of progress. The Children's Oncology Group Bone Tumor Committee established the New Agents for Osteosarcoma Task Force to identify and prioritize agents for inclusion in clinical trials. The group identified multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunotherapies targeting B7‐H3, CD47‐SIRPα inhibitors, telaglenastat, and epigenetic modifiers as the top agents of interest. Only multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors met all criteria for frontline evaluation and have already been incorporated into an upcoming phase III study concept. The task force will continue to reassess identified agents of interest as new data become available and evaluate novel agents using this method.
Parametric study of carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates geometry on the mechanical behavior of strengthened reinforced concrete beams under standard four‐point bending test
Authors: Benjeddou Omrane , Alwetaishi Mamdooh , Ben Ouezdou Mongi , Beddey Aouicha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article presents the results of an experimental parametric study on reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by an external bonding of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates to their tensile faces. This experimental work investigates the effects of both CFRP laminate sizes and concrete compressive strength on the flexural behavior of strengthened RC beams. Accordingly, a total of 10 RC beams have been cast, eight of which were strengthened in flexure by external bonding of CFRP laminate by varying its sizes, such as length, width, and thickness, and two control beams. All prepared beams were tested under standard four‐point bending until failure. The load–deflection response curves and failure modes were recorded and compared. Results show that failure modes of strengthened beams varied with the CFRP laminate characteristics from steel yielding, CFRP peeling off, and interfacial debonding laminate, Also, the load–deflection curves showed a considerable increase in the load capacity by up to 1% and 112%, compared to the unstrengthen beam, if the CFRP laminate length ratio passes from 0.40 to 0.94, respectively. In addition, the load capacity contribution increases from 56% to 112% when the CFRP laminate width increases from 50 to 100 mm. On the other hand, when laminate thickness increases from 1.2 to 2.4 mm, the load capacity contribution increases from 56% to 76%. Finally, it is concluded that the mechanical behavior of strengthened beam is strongly affected by the CFRP laminate sizes.
Viewing time and facial trustworthiness perception: Giving it a second thought may not work for older adults
Authors: Lu Yi , Chen Chao , Yin Xiaowei , Zhang Xin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOlder adults tend to rate unfamiliar faces higher on trustworthiness than do their younger counterparts. Although the saying goes “look before you leap”, it is still unknown whether such a strategy could also apply to facial trustworthiness perception, and our understanding of the time course in facial trustworthiness perception also remains unclear. Here, we have argued that a cognitive controlled process suggested by “socioemotional selectivity theory” could potentially lead to such biased trustworthiness perception. Two experiments were conducted to test the association between viewing time and trustworthiness perception. The first study used hierarchical linear modeling in a sample of younger (N = 30, Mage = 20.53, SD = 1.61, 50% female) and older (N = 30, Mage = 63.27, SD = 3.14, 43% female) adults, and found that viewing time and trustworthiness evaluation were positively associated. Using the same stimuli, our second study further manipulated viewing time by two levels (500 ms vs. 3000 ms) and compared younger (N = 28, Mage = 23.93, SD = 2.68, 50% female) and older (N = 30, Mage = 64.47, SD = 4.32, 50% female) adults' facial trustworthiness evaluation. As expected, a significant three‐way interaction revealed that viewing time only impacted older adults' facial trustworthiness evaluation, and only when given shorter viewing time did older adults show similar facial trustworthiness ratings as younger adults. The present study is the first to directly investigate the relationship between older adults' viewing time on unfamiliar faces and their perception of facial trustworthiness. Findings suggested that a second thought in facial perception may not benefit older adults' trustworthiness evaluation.
Poly(ether‐block‐amide) membrane with deformability and adjustable surface hydrophilicity for water purification
Authors: Ge Chengbiao , Wang Guilong , Zhao Jinchuan , Zhao Guoqun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFreshwater resources are currently insufficient, and another form of freshwater resources, namely, ice, is very interesting except for the issue of how to use new materials for effective purification during the processing procedure. In this article, a new membrane material with multisize pore structure in the cross‐section and intact thin skin layer on the upper and lower surfaces was successfully prepared by adding porogen, filler and setting heating environment during the phase separation process. The membrane exhibits excellent axial deformability, and its elongation at break can reach to 160% strain. Meanwhile, they all show elastic deformation behavior in the range from −60 to 100°C. Even if high content of hydrophobic filler is compounded into these membranes, that is, 5.7 wt% carbon tube content, water contact angle of membrane's surface is only 72.5°, demonstrating obvious hydrophilicity. In addition, in the water purification process, the adsorption rate constant reached ideal value of 0.26 s−1, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was about 2.8 g/g, showing fast and efficient water purification ability. In the mode of external heating source or the membrane's heat dissipation, these prepared membranes can melt the ice to obtain purified water and exhibit a controllable purification ability in this process.
Healthcare resource utilization and costs among children with cystic fibrosis in the United States
Authors: Thorat Teja , McGarry Lisa J. , Bonafede Machaon M. , Limone Brendan L. , Rubin Jaime L. , Jariwala‐Parikh Krutika , Konstan Michael W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdverse health impacts of cystic fibrosis (CF) can be present in children before respiratory complications are observed. Children with CF show progressive health decline, with increasing lung function decline in adolescence. This study aims to quantify the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs attributable to CF by comparing children with CF with the general pediatric population.MethodsThis retrospective, cross‐sectional, observational study compared HCRU and costs among children with CF in the US with demographically similar children without CF (comparison group) over a 12‐month period using administrative claims data spanning 2010–2017. Analyses were conducted by insurance type (commercially insured [COM] and Medicaid insured [MED]) and stratified by age (<2 years, 2 to <6 years, 6 to <12 years, and 12–17 years).ResultsChildren with CF (2831 COM and 1896 MED) were matched to children in the comparison group (8493 COM and 5688 MED). Higher prevalence of comorbidities was seen in children with CF versus the comparison group across all ages. Across all ages, HCRU attributable to CF was substantial (higher hospitalization rates, more outpatient and emergency room visits, and greater use of prescription medications), and there were higher associated costs (all p values < .05), in COM and MED populations. HCRU and costs attributable to CF were highest for children aged 12–17 years.ConclusionsSubstantial HCRU and costs are evident among children with CF across all ages, starting as young as infancy, with highest HCRU and costs among adolescents. Effective treatments from an early age are needed for children with CF.
A state of the art of the accident causation models in the process industries
Authors: Wicaksono Fermi Dwi , Ciptomulyono Udisubakti , Artana Ketut Buda , Irawan Mohammad Isa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe comprehensive review of research literature in accordance with the implementations of the accident causation models enables knowledge incomes for the contributing authors towards the advancement of the accident causation methodologies for administering the accidents' causal factors. For obtaining this objective, the systematic literature review meta‐analysis are developed by evaluating the parameter indicator linked to the most utilized causation methods in addressing the contributing factors in process industries. The methodological review process called preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) is implemented in this paper due to its capability to integrate both systematic reviews and meta‐analysis. This systematic literature review deeply investigates 149 papers by a thorough reading from the filtered 387 manuscripts published in the academic SCOPUS databases during 1980–2020. Additionally, the statistical analysisttest is performed to identify the homogeneity of literature papers resulting from research conclusions. The suggested future improvement in the domain of accident causation models is the advancement of administering the accident causal factors' values of correlations and interdependencies. While particularly for quantified accident causation models, the adoption of uncertainty analysis needs to further developed as a research suggestion in the future.
Composite‐observer‐based sampled‐data control for uncertain upper‐triangular nonlinear time‐delay systems and its application
Authors: Sheng Zhaoming , Ma Qian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article studies the sampled‐data control problem for upper‐triangular nonlinear time‐delay systems with unknown output function and external disturbances. Different from the existing literature, the composite observers are proposed to deal with the unmeasurable states and disturbances. Next, the sampled‐data controller is elaborately constructed step‐by‐step. After selecting appropriate scaling gain and sampling period , the global uniform ultimate boundedness of system states can be skillfully proved. Finally, simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design method.
Self‐Assembled Structure Evolution of MnFe Oxides for High Temperature Thermochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Xiang Duo , Gu Changdong , Xu Haoran , Xiao Gang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThermochemical energy storage (TCES) materials have emerged as a promising alternative to meet the high‐temperature energy storage requirements of concentrated solar power plants. However, most of the energy storage materials are facing challenges in redox kinetics and cyclic stability. Iron‐doped manganese oxide attracts raising attention due to its non‐toxicity, low cost, and high energy capacity over 800 °C. However, there are few investigations on the reversibility enhancement of the redox reaction from the microstructural‐evolution‐mechanism point of view. Herein, bixbyite‐type (Mn0.8Fe0.2)2O3 is synthesized and extruded into honeycomb units, which can maintain an 85% initial capacity after 100 redox cycles. It is also found that a self‐assembled core‐shell MnFe2O4@Mn2.7Fe0.3O4 structure forms during the reduction step, and then transforms into a homogeneous solid solution of (Mn0.8Fe0.2)2O3 in the following oxidation step. During the reduction step, shells are formed spontaneously from the Mn2.7Fe0.3O4 with the MnFe2O4 as cores due to the lower surface energy, which facilitates the oxygen adsorption and dissociation during subsequent oxidation step. Through the density functional theory calculation, it is revealed that the lower formation energy of oxygen vacancies in the shell contributes to the improvement of oxygen diffusion rate. This study can provide a guideline to design prospective materials for high‐temperature TCES.
Eigenformbasierte Imperfektionsmethode für Tragwerke mit monosymmetrischen I‐Profilen
Authors: Hajdú Gábor , Rubert Achim 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDie Grundlagen und Anwendungen der Overall Imperfection Method (OIM) (Vollständige Imperfektionsmethode) für normalkraft‐ und/oder biegebeanspruchte Tragwerke werden erstmals für einfachsymmetrische I‐Querschnitte vorgestellt. Im Gegensatz zum Biegeknickversagen normalkraftbeanspruchter Stützen mit doppeltsymmetrischem Querschnitt stellt sich bei einfachsymmetrischen Querschnitten Biegetorsionsversagen ein. Die zusätzlich zur Biegeverformung gekoppelt auftretende Rotation des Querschnitts um die Schubmittelpunktsachse ist deshalb beim Ansatz der Vorverformung der Imperfektionsmethode ebenfalls zu berücksichtigen. Auch das Biegedrillknicken biegebeanspruchter Träger verhält sich bei einfachsymmetrischen Querschnitten wegen des Abstands zwischen Schwer‐ und Schubmittelpunkt anders. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt erstmals auch die dazu notwendigen Erweiterungen sowie die automatische Ermittlung der eigenformbasierten Amplituden der vollständigen Anfangsimperfektion und drei Anwendungsbeispiele.