bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On estimation of gumbel type-ii with numerous kinds of linex loss function
Authors: Fezaa Al-Obedy Nadia J. , Hasanain Wafaa S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The estimators of Gumbel type-II distribution parameter was set by using Maximum likelihood method (MLE) and Bayesian method, under many types of Loss functions; Linex Loss Function (LLF) Modified Linex Loss Function (MLLF), Balanced Linex Loss Function (BLLF), and Compound Linex Loss Function (CLLF) using Gamma prior.
One of the ways to compare the different estimators, and find the best method for estimation which used in this paper, Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), was used based on a Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS).
Finally, the discussion and illustrate of comparison results was showed and summarized in tables.
Using Support Vector Machine To Determine the Limits of Multivariate Control Charts.
Authors: Fahad H E , Asmaa Gh J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Quality control is one of the effective statistical tools in the field of productivity control to monitor and match manufactured products to standard specifications and approved standards for some goods and services, and their purpose is to keep pace with the production and industrial development in the labour market and competition. Naturalness in the productive process. The SVM method was used (Support Vector Machine) It is one of the algorithms that are used to solve classification problems or determine the limits of control in monitoring the production process in the fact that the data do not follow the normal distribution or have an unknown distribution, as the research aims to monitor the production process through several variables at the same time to reflect the quality The material produced. The drinking water test data for the old Shatra water project was used to clarify the method of operation of the backing wave machine method, as the standard drawing method was adopted to indicate the performance and efficiency of the method used, and its performance was good to know the quality of the.
A Transmuted Survival Model With Application
Authors: Mohamaad S F , Al-Kadim K A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new survival model is being defined. This model is adaptable for produce a new lifetime distribution for analyzing positive data. We define a new lifetime models called the Transmuted-Survival-Exponential distribution (TSE). Essential functions associated with the proposed distribution are obtained. Some structural properties of the new models are investigated. The new formula may serve as a flexible transmuted to other distributions for modeling survival data arising in several fields of science such as hydrology, biostatistics, metrology and engineering
Predict the required cost to develop Software Engineering projects by Using Machine Learning
Authors: Abdulmajeed Ashraf Abdulmunim , Al-Jawaherry Marwa Adeeb , Tawfeeq Tawfeeq Mokdad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Software project cost prediction is a very important task during building and developing software projects. This process helps software project engineers to accurately manage and plan their resources in terms of cost estimation. However, Need for accurate cost development prediction model for a software project is not a simple procedure. Predicting the cost required while developing software engineering projects is the most difficult challenge that attracts the attention of researchers and practitioners. This paper adopts a new model in estimating the cost of building or developing software engineering projects using a machine learning approach. The results proves that machine learning methods can be used to predict program cost with high accuracy rate compared with traditional software estimation techniques. The proposed model in this research was trained on the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) data set, which contains the characteristics of 60 projects in addition to the real cost of the projects. An analysis of the results of the implementation for the proposed methods showed that the cost Predicting process using K-Nearest Neighbours algorithm (KNN), Cascade Neural Networks (CNN) and Elman Neural Networks (ENN) It has the ability to predict the costs required to build or develop software engineering projects, K-Nearest Neighbours algorithm has shown high accuracy for Predict the required cost to develop Software Engineering projects Compared to Cascade Neural Networks and Elman Neural Networks ENN.
The Exact Solution of Fractional Coupled EW and Coupled MEW Equations Using Sine-Cosine Method
Authors: Susan H M , Ekhlass S A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the current paper, the coupled of space -time fractional of both the equal width wave equation(FCEWE) and the modified equal width wave equation (FCMEWE) are formally solved. For this purpose, the conformable derivative and Sine-Cosine method have been introduced to reduce these equations into the ordinary differential equations then the exact solution was extracted. The search results showed the possibility of using this method successfully for solving the FCEW and FCMEW equations at different time levels.
Solving Nonlinear Second Order Delay Eigenvalue Problems By Collocation Method
Authors: Abdul-Razzaq Eman. A. , Salman Israa. M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The goal of this research is to study the nonlinear second order delay eigenvalue problems which consists of delay ordinary differential equations, in fact one of the expansion methods that is called the Collocation method will be developed to solve this kind of problems.
Continuous Linear Operators On Infinite Quasi-Sobolev Spaces

ℓ∞m
Authors: Al-Delfi Jawad Kadhim K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, the concept of infinite quasi-Sobolev spaces

ℓ

∞

m

, where m ∈ ℝ is considered. These spaces have been proved as quasi-Banach spaces, as well as, Banach spaces, while they neither Hilbert spaces nor quasi-Hilbert spaces. Some kinds of linear operators such as continuous, bounded, closed and completely continuous for operators which map

ℓ

∞

m

or

ℓ

1

m

into

ℓ

∞

m

are discussed.
More results on rough sets via neighborhoods of graphs with finite path
Authors: Kozae Abdel Monam , El Atik Abd El Fattah , Haroun Sally 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rough set theory had been proposed by Pawlak in the early of 1982. The theory is a new mathematical tool to deal with vagueness and imperfect knowledge. In this paper, we study neighborhoods for vertices of graphs with length that at most 2 edges. A new binary relation induced from a simple graph is defined and more properties of star definability which based on reflexive and transitive relation will be discussed. So, we investigate N-star lower and N-star upper approximations, for every subset B of a set of vertices V of a graph G. The relationship between the star set and independent set will be discussed.
A new adaptive algorithm for v-support vector regression with feature selection using Harris hawks optimization algorithm
Authors: Ismael Omar Mohammed , Qasim Omar Saber , Algamal Zakariya Yahya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Support vector regression, especially, v-support vector regression (v-SVR) has been applied in several real problems. However, it is usually needed to tune manually the hyperparameter. In addition, v-SVR cannot perform feature selection. Nature-inspired algorithms were used as a feature selection and as an estimation for hyperparameter. In this paper, the Harris hawks optimization algorithm (HHOA) is proposed to optimize the hyperparameter of the v-SVR with embedding the feature selection simultaneously. Experimental results, obtained by running on two datasets, show that our proposed algorithm performs better than other methods, in terms of prediction, number of selected features, and running time. In addition, the HHOA's experimental results confirm the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in improving prediction performance and computational time compared to other nature-inspired algorithms, which show case HHOA's ability to search for the best hyperparameter values and to select the most informative features for prediction tasks. Therefore the HHOA may likely be ideal for defining the data relationship between input features and the target variable as opposed to other algorithms. In other real applications this is highly effective in making predictions.
A Study of Legendre Polynomials Approximation for Solving Initial Value Problems
Authors: Al-Shaher Oday I. , Mechee Mohammed S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Legendre polynomials (LPs) basis on the interval I = [-1;1] have been introduced and their properties are studied. Legendre polynomials with Gaussian integration method (GIM) are used to solve the initial value problems (IVPs) of third-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The aim of this work is to study the numerical solution of IVP which is widely applicable in the fields of engineering and science using Legendre base. The implementations have been discussed to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique of collections and variational methods which compared with the numerical results that obtained by classical RK and modern direct RKD numerical methods. Finally, the numerical results show the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
A New Proposed Method For A Statistical Rules-Based Digital Image Compression
Authors: Hashim Khadhim Mahdi , Baawi Salwa Shakir , Hilal Bushra Kamil 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImage compression depends on data compression of digital images. Its central objective is to decrease the redundancy of the image data for reducing space and the cost of transmitting data in public communication channels. This research suggests a new compression technique based on the statistical rules. The proposed technique is one of the lossy compression techniques is based upon the statistics of the pixel values of the gray-scale image. The quality of these compressed images have been evaluated using some factors like the Image size before/after the compression process, Compression Ratio, (CR), and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), and Mean Space Saving (MSS). Experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed technique provides sufficient higher compression with minimal to lose data.
The Bifurcation Analysis of Food Web Prey- Predator Model with Toxin
Authors: Majeed Azhar Abbas , Lafta Mohamed Akram 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Local and global bifurcations of food web model consists of immature and mature preys, first predator, and second predator with the current of toxicity and harvesting was studied. It is shown that a trans-critical bifurcation occurs at the equilibrium point E
0, and it revealed the existence of saddle-node bifurcation occurred at equilibrium points E
1, E
2 and E
3. At any point, the occurrence of bifurcation of the pitch fork does not occur. However, Hopf bifurcation is carried out around positive equilibrium point only.
Relationship between circum-Arctic atmospheric wave patterns and large-scale wildfires in boreal summer
Authors: Yasunari Teppei J , Nakamura Hisashi , Kim Kyu-Myong , Choi Nakbin , Lee Myong-In , Tachibana Yoshihiro , da Silva Arlindo M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Long-term assessment of severe wildfires and associated air pollution and related climate patterns in and around the Arctic is essential for assessing healthy human life status. To examine the relationships, we analyzed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2). Our investigation based on this state-of-the-art atmospheric reanalysis data reveals that 13 out of the 20 months with the highest PM2.5 (corresponding to the highly elevated organic carbon in the particulate organic matter [POM] form) monthly mean mass concentration over the Arctic for 2003–2017 were all in summer (July and August), during which POM of

⩾

0.5 μg m−3 and PM2.5 were positively correlated. This correlation suggests that high PM2.5 in the Arctic is linked to large wildfire contributions and characterized by significant anticyclonic anomalies (i.e. clockwise atmospheric circulation) with anomalous surface warmth and drier conditions over Siberia and subpolar North America, in addition to Europe. A similar climate pattern was also identified through an independent regression analysis for the July and August mean data between the same atmospheric variables and the sign-reversed Scandinavian pattern index. We named this pattern of recent atmospheric circulation anomalies the circum-Arctic wave (CAW) pattern as a manifestation of eastward group-velocity propagation of stationary Rossby waves (i.e. large-scale atmospheric waves). The CAW induces concomitant development of warm anticyclonic anomalies over Europe, Siberia, Alaska, and Canada, as observed in late June 2019. Surprisingly, the extended regression analysis of the 1980–2017 period revealed that the CAW pattern was not prominent before 2003. Understanding the CAW pattern under future climate change and global warming would lead to better prediction of co-occurrences of European heatwaves and large-scale wildfires with air pollution over Siberia, Alaska, and Canada in and around the Arctic in summer.
Antarctic skin temperature warming related to enhanced downward longwave radiation associated with increased atmospheric advection of moisture and temperature
Authors: Sato Kazutoshi , Simmonds Ian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We investigate linear trends in Antarctic skin temperatures (temperatures from about the top millimeter of the surface) over the four seasons using ERA5 ensemble mean reanalysis data. During 1950–2020, statistically significant warming occurred over East and West Antarctica in spring, autumn and winter, and over the Antarctic Peninsula in autumn and winter. A surface energy budget analysis revealed that increases in downward longwave radiation related to increases in air temperature and total column integrated cloud had a key role in Antarctic surface warming. There were negative sea level pressure trends around the periphery of Antarctica throughout the year, and the associated circulation contributed to warm advection from the middle latitudes to West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula. Over the interior of East Antarctica, increase in moisture advection from lower latitudes enhanced the low-level cloud cover. A two-dimensional parameter diagram showed that skin temperature trends for time segments longer than 30 years starting before 1960 exhibited statistically significant warming in autumn and winter in East and West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula. In spring, West Antarctica also showed statistically significant warming for long segments. In summer, the Antarctic Peninsula had statistically significant warming trends for long segments and cooling trends for segments less than 30 years. For all the studied time intervals, when skin temperatures had statistically significant positive trends, increases in downward longwave radiation contributed more than 70% of the warming and vice versa. This result demonstrates that on all time and space scales, changes in downward longwave radiation associated with variations in air temperature and atmospheric moisture loading play a dominant role controlling skin temperatures.
Physical quality improvement of culled chicken meat with marinated technology using Gelugur acid (Garcinia atroviridis) biomass
Authors: Patriani P , Hafid H , Wahyuni T H , Sari T V 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Culled chicken meat have a tough texture, so they are less liked by consumers. The quality improvement of meat is needed to overcome the problem, one of which uses inexpensive spices, namely Gelugur acid (Garcinia atroviridis). This study aimed to determine the gelugur acid marination, which was effective to improve the physical quality of culled chicken meat. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of P0: without marination using gelugur acid, marinating in 50 g of gelugur acid + 1000 mL distilled water (P1); 750 mL distilled water (P2) and 500 mL distilled water (P3). It was concluded that the level of marinating using gelugur acid to the physical quality of culled chicken meat had a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on the physical quality of chicken meat, namely the pH value, cooking loss and tenderness. However, there was no significant effect (P > 0.05) on drip loss and colour of meat. Acid compounds contained in Gelugur acid are thought to cause protein denaturation so that they affect the physical quality of meat. Marination at concentration (P1) was an effective level to improve the physical quality of culled chicken meat.
Fuel Properties of Two Types High-Speed Diesel Blending with Palm Oil Biodiesel in Indonesia
Authors: Fathurrahman N A , Wibowo C S , Bethari S A , Anggarani R , Aisyah L , Maymuchar  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biodiesel from palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) is one of the promising renewable sources in Indonesia. Biodiesel is renewable transportation fuel and nowadays is being used as a blend with high-speed diesel (HSD). There are two types of HSD in fuel specification of The Indonesian Government, HSD with Cetane No. 48 and HSD with Cetane No. 51. This paper investigates the fuel properties of HSD 48 and HSD 51 blends with palm oil biodiesel with composition 90:10 (B10), 80:20 (B20), and 70:30 (B30). The experimental investigation shows that the fuel blending HSD 48 and HSD 51 with biodiesel up to 30% improve HSD quality, such as increasing cetane number by 10%, increasing lubricity by 10-18%, and decreasing sulfur content by 35%. Furthermore, biodiesel addition to HSD has a negative effect that increases the acid value and water content, decreasing heating value and cold-flow performance, such as cloud point, pour point, and cold filter plugging point. This can be improved by tightening up the quality of biodiesel. However, the addition of palm oil biodiesel up to 30% (B30) is the potential to promote renewable fuels with tolerable characteristics with HSD fuel specification by improving the quality and specification of biodiesel and blends.
Production of edible film based on catfish (Clarias batrachus) protein results of enzymatic cross-linking by transglutaminase
Authors: Pratiwi Prima A , Setiadi  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The existence of plastic is useful for various kinds of packaging purposes in our activities. However, it takes around 500 years to decompose because these plastics are made from petroleum. Thus the production of plastic is in high dependency on oil stock. Due to this problem, an edible film can be an alternative packaging because it is biodegradable. Protein is the most potential biopolymer to be an edible film but still needs improvement. The enzymatic cross-linking reaction can be selected as a good method to improve protein-based edible film’s mechanical properties. In this study, catfish meat (Clarias batrachus) was used as a protein source to produce an edible film through enzymatic cross-linking reaction with The Transglutaminase enzyme (TG-ase). The results of this protein-based edible film showed an improvement in thickness where TG-05 is the thickest film. The solubility decreases from 42.86 % to 20 %. Tensile Strength (TS) and Elongation at Break (EAB) results have range value from 1.630 ± 0.19-10.032 ± 1.316 MPa and 10.733 ± 0.6798-31.9 ± 6.531 %, respectively. FTIR analysis showed the change in Amide II. The biodegradable test showed that edible film could degrade in 6 days.
Study on the utilization of essential oil as an additive for pure plant oil in single cylinder diesel engine
Authors: Kurniawan Ade , Setyaningsih Dwi , Setiapraja Hari 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses an effect of rhodinol and turpentine-based bio-additives to improve pure plant oil characteristics. Rhodinol and turpentine were added to PPO at 1% by volume. Testing was conducted on single cylinder diesel engine for agriculture application referring to SNI 0119 : 2012. The results of fuel characteristics show that bio-additive+PPO could fulfill the quality standards of SNI 7431 : 2015. Both rhodinol and turpentine showed capability to reduce water and particle content in PPO. Engine test results showed that at engine speed of 1800 rpm, turpentine+PPO could reach a maximum power of 4.53kW, maximum torque of 24.06 Nm, smoke opacity of 6.87 FSN, and specific fuel consumption of 145.62 g/kWh; while the PPO had maximum power of 4.39 kW, maximum torque of 23.31 Nm, smoke opacity of 7.56 FSN, and specific fuel consumption of 150.12 g/kWh. Here, rhodinol+PPO were also slightly higher on power, torque and lower on smoke emission, and specific fuel consumption compared with PPO without additive. In general, rhodinol and turpentine were slightly higher on engine power and torque with lower specific fuel consumption and lower smoke emission. However, reduction of water and particle content must be further investigated to have better understanding on its effect on engine components lifetime.
Life cycle inventory of electricity production from biomass power plant system using life cycle assessment in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Kiman , Sofyan Hizir , Ichwana  , Syafriandi  , Sholihati  , Miharza Try , Sofiah Intan , Supriyanto  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biomass is important material sources as bioenergy for many purposes. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the rests of biomass from palm oil production that is underutilized in Aceh Province, Indonesia. In the previous research gasification technology was implemented in converting EFB biomass to be electricity using a gasification system. An environmental load of this electricity production needs to be evaluated using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. LCA is a well-known method and quantitative approach to evaluate the environmental impact of the product. LCA process consists of goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory (LCI), impact assessment (IA), and interpretation. LCI is the most time consuming and important activity in the LCA calculation. Therefore, we proposed the life cycle inventory analysis of electricity production from EFB biomass using a gasification system. The result of this study was the developed data inventory of electricity production from EFB biomass using a gasification system. The total amount of 17 process units both in the EFB biomass production and electricity production in the gasification system including the distribution process to the user. The gas engine was the major process that contributed to the high global warming potential impact from electricity production. Multiple scenarios can be used to support decision-makers to evaluate the best scenario of the process.
Distribution of Macrozoobenthos Species and Communities in Bulaksetra Estuary
Authors: Krisnafi Y , Novianto D , Aamsah S , Wibowo A C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Distribution of macrozoobenthos species and communities is influenced by several factors, one of the very influential factor is the environment. This research aims to study the diversity and distribution patterns of macrozoobenthos and the environment conditions that influence it. Samples were taken from 31 research stations that spread along the Bulaksetra estuary. Determination of sampling points is done by randomly making zoning point so that the sample points can represent the characteristics of the entire Bulaksetra estuary zone. The data analysis used in this study were the species composition formula, individual abundance, Shannon Wiener diversity index, uniformity index, and Simpson dominance index. The results showed that 12 species of macrozoobenthos consist of 9 genus, 6 families, 4 classes and 2 phylum, with species composition dominated by Faunus ater 64.04%, average individual abundance of 239.95/m2, moderate diversity, moderate uniformity, and dominance of biota types faunus ater is classified as moderate but for other types classified as low.