bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric
Cancer/Esophagogastric Junction Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Ping , Wu Feng , Hong Jiaze , Du Nannan , Wang Yiran , Chen Juan , He Yuanfang 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been defined as any preoperative chemotherapy
scheme aiming to reduce tumor staging and to control preoperative micrometastasis, which has been extensively
used as a treatment for resectable gastric cancer. However, its effect on the long-term survival of patients with
locally advanced gastric cancer (AGC) or esophagogastric junction cancer (EGC) remains unknown.

Objective:
This study aimed at investigating the long-term efficacy of NAC in locally AGC/EGC.

Methods:
The following databases were searched for articles published from their inception to April 2020:
PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and
progression-free survival (PFS).

Results:
A total of 19 articles were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 4,446 patients. The results
showed that NAC increased the patients’ 3-year OS (HR: 0.56, 95% CI, 0.21 - 0.91, p < 0.001), 3-year PFS (HR:
0.76, 95% CI, 0.66 - 0.87, p < 0.001), 5-year OS (HR: 0.71, 95% CI, 0.64 - 0.78, p < 0.001), and 5-year PFS
(HR: 0.70, 95% CI, 0.61 - 0.79, p < 0.001). Besides, subgroup analysis showed that Asian countries have
benefited significantly from NAC (HR: 0.65, 95% CI, 0.55 - 0.74, p < 0.001), and other countries have also
benefited (HR: 0.79, 95% CI, 0.68 - 0.89, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Compared with adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery alone, NAC can improve the long-term survival
outcomes (OS and PFS) of patients with resectable AGC or EGC.
Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Telomerase Effects of Blackberry Juice and Berry-
Derived Polyphenols on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells and Normal Human Blood
Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Moghadam Delaram , Zarei Reza , Tatar Mohsen , Khoshdel Zahra , Mashayekhi Farideh Jalali , Naghibalhossaini Fakhraddin 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Previous studies have provided strong evidence for the anticancer activity of berry
fruits.

Objective:
In this study, we investigated the effects of blackberry juice and three berry- polyphenolic compounds
on cell proliferation and telomerase activity in human hepatoma HepG2 and normal peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Methods:
The cell viability and telomerase activity were measured by MTT and TRAP assay, respectively. Berry
effects on the expression of genes were determined by quantitative RT-PCR assay.

Results:
Blackberry, gallic acid, and resveratrol inhibited proliferation of both HepG2 and PBMC cells in a dosedependent
manner. Resveratrol was more effective than gallic acid for reducing the viability of HepG2 cells, but
both showed the same level of growth inhibition in PBMC cells. Berry, resveratrol, and gallic acid significantly
inhibited telomerase activity in HepG2 cells. The antiproliferative effect of berry was associated with apoptotic
DNA fragmentation. Gallic acid was more effective for reducing telomerase activity than resveratrol, but
anthocyanin moderately increased telomerase activity in cancer cells. Telomerase activity was induced by all
three polyphenols in PBMCs. Overall, Krumanin chloride was more effective to induce telomerase than gallic
acid and resveratrol in PBMC cells. There was no significant difference in hTERT, hTR, and Dnmts expressions
between berry treated and the control untreated HepG2 cells. But, a significant downregulation of HDAC1 and
HDAC2 and upregulation of SIRT1 were observed in berry-treated cells.

Conclusion :
These data indicate that the berry anticancer effect is associated with antitelomerase activity and
changes in HDACs expression. The data also suggest that berry antitelomerase activity is mainly related to its
gallic acid and resveratrol, but not anthocyanin content.
A Review on Repurposed Drugs and Vaccine Trials for Combating SARS CoV-2
Authors: Khanna Nikita , Pawar Sandip V. , Kumar Anil 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in Wuhan,
China in December 2019 and then spread worldwide rapidly. The records from World Health Organisation
(WHO), Centres of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) backup the fact that no medications have proven to be completely effective for prevention
or treatment of SARS-CoV-2. The clinical trials are underway for many repurposed, investigational
drugs and vaccine candidates. BioNTech and Pfizer Inc, Moderna, Gamaleya institute
and University of Oxford (collaboration with AstraZeneca) announced positive results in the Phase
3 interim analyses of vaccine trials in November 2020. Twelve countries have approved Pfizer-
BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use, as of December 2020.

Objectives:
The objective was to summarize the repurposed/investigational drugs, their mechanism
of action, and rationale for their use in COVID-19 treatment. The article also aimed to summarize
the vaccine trials that are currently undergoing across the globe.

Methods:
In order to find the content for review, studies defining COVID-19 chronology, repurposed
drugs along with their mode of action and potential vaccine trials were studied and summarized.

Results and Conclusion:
The article summarizes potential therapeutic candidates (repurposed and
investigational agents) for SARS-CoV-2, their possible mechanism of action and discussion related
to their involvement in recent clinical trials. Innovative vaccine platform technologies are also highlighted
that are recently being used in the vaccine production pipeline.
Forced and Child Marriage at the Intersection of Health, Gender and Human Rights: Understanding the Determinants in Morocco and the Impact of the Migratory Context in Belgium
Authors: Sabbe Alexia 
Published: March 2021

With over 650 million women alive today already suffering the consequences of child marriage, the practice of forced and child marriage disproportionally affects girls and women. Given its impact on physical and psychological wellbeing, it is a serious form of violence against women.
In view of the global magnitude of forced and child marriage, and the increasing numbers of international migrants, the general objective of this research is to ascertain the determinants of forced and child marriage in Morocco and the impact of the migratory context on the issue among Moroccan migrants in Belgium.
Our research analysed forced and child marriage in both settings from two angles. First, we studied policies and the socio-cultural context in a top-down perspective through the analysis of legislation, public debates and through expert/stakeholder interviews. Secondly, we investigated the determinants of forced and child marriage in both research settings from a bottom-up perspective through Focus Group Discussions and household interviews, as well as investigating the impact of legislative conditions and restrictions on migrants and their families.
KEY WORDS: CHILD AND FORCED MARRIAGE, WOMEN’S RIGHTS, SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, VIOLENCE, MOROCCO, MIGRATION, BELGIUM
Web-Based Smartphone Algorithm for Calculating Blood Pressure From Photoplethysmography Remotely in a General Adult Population: Validation Study
Authors: Holyoke Paul , Yogaratnam Karthika , Kalles Elizabeth 
Published: March 2021

Background
Outside of a clinical setting, oscillometric devices make remote monitoring of blood pressure and virtual care more convenient and feasible. HeartBeat Technologies Ltd developed a novel approach to measuring blood pressure remotely after an initial blood pressure reading by a nurse using the conventional measurement method. Using a finger pulse oximeter, a photoplethysmogram wave is transmitted by Bluetooth to a smartphone or tablet. A smartphone app (MediBeat) transmits the photoplethysmogram to a server for analysis by a proprietary algorithm—the person’s current blood pressure is sent back to the smartphone and to the individual’s health care provider.

Objective
This study sought to determine whether the HeartBeat algorithm calculates blood pressure as accurately as required by the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010 (ESH-IP2) for validation of blood pressure measuring devices.

Methods
ESH-IP2 requirements, modified to conform to a more recent international consensus statement, were followed. The ESH-IP2 establishes strict guidelines for the conduct and reporting of any validation of any device to measure blood pressure, including using the standard manual blood pressure instrument as a comparator and specific required accuracy levels for low, medium, and high ranges of blood pressure readings. The consensus statement requires a greater number of study participants for each of the blood pressure ranges. The validation of the accuracy of the algorithm was conducted with a Contec CMS50EW pulse oximeter and a Samsung Galaxy XCover 4 smartphone.

Results
The differences between the HeartBeat-calculated and the manually measured blood pressures of 62 study participants did not meet the ESH-IP2 standards for accuracy for either systolic or diastolic blood pressure measurements. There was no discernible pattern in the inaccuracies of the HeartBeat-calculated measurements.

Conclusions
The October 4, 2019 version of the HeartBeat algorithm, implemented in combination with the MediBeat app, a pulse oximeter, and an Android smartphone, was not sufficiently accurate for use in a general adult population.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04082819; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04082819
Parents’ Perspectives on Using Artificial Intelligence to Reduce Technology Interference During Early Childhood: Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Glassman Jill , Humphreys Kathryn , Yeung Serena , Smith Michelle , Jauregui Adam , Milstein Arnold , Sanders Lee 
Published: March 2021

Background
Parents’ use of mobile technologies may interfere with important parent-child interactions that are critical to healthy child development. This phenomenon is known as technoference. However, little is known about the population-wide awareness of this problem and the acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)–based tools that help with mitigating technoference.

Objective
This study aims to assess parents’ awareness of technoference and its harms, the acceptability of AI tools for mitigating technoference, and how each of these constructs vary across sociodemographic factors.

Methods
We administered a web-based survey to a nationally representative sample of parents of children aged ≤5 years. Parents’ perceptions that their own technology use had risen to potentially problematic levels in general, their perceptions of their own parenting technoference, and the degree to which they found AI tools for mitigating technoference acceptable were assessed by using adaptations of previously validated scales. Multiple regression and mediation analyses were used to assess the relationships between these scales and each of the 6 sociodemographic factors (parent age, sex, language, ethnicity, educational attainment, and family income).

Results
Of the 305 respondents, 280 provided data that met the established standards for analysis. Parents reported that a mean of 3.03 devices (SD 2.07) interfered daily in their interactions with their child. Almost two-thirds of the parents agreed with the statements “I am worried about the impact of my mobile electronic device use on my child” and “Using a computer-assisted coach while caring for my child would help me notice more quickly when my device use is interfering with my caregiving” (187/281, 66.5% and 184/282, 65.1%, respectively). Younger age, Hispanic ethnicity, and Spanish language spoken at home were associated with increased technoference awareness. Compared to parents’ perceived technoference and sociodemographic factors, parents’ perceptions of their own problematic technology use was the factor that was most associated with the acceptance of AI tools.

Conclusions
Parents reported high levels of mobile device use and technoference around their youngest children. Most parents across a wide sociodemographic spectrum, especially younger parents, found the use of AI tools to help mitigate technoference during parent-child daily interaction acceptable and useful.
Concerns Discussed on Chinese and French Social Media During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Comparative Infodemiology Study Based on Topic Modeling
Authors: Schück Stéphane , Foulquié Pierre , Mebarki Adel , Faviez Carole , Khadhar Mickaïl , Texier Nathalie , Katsahian Sandrine , Burgun Anita , Chen Xiaoyi 
Published: March 2021

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous countries, including China and France, have implemented lockdown measures that have been effective in controlling the epidemic. However, little is known about the impact of these measures on the population as expressed on social media from different cultural contexts.

Objective
This study aims to assess and compare the evolution of the topics discussed on Chinese and French social media during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods
We extracted posts containing COVID-19–related or lockdown-related keywords in the most commonly used microblogging social media platforms (ie, Weibo in China and Twitter in France) from 1 week before lockdown to the lifting of the lockdown. A topic model was applied independently for three periods (prelockdown, early lockdown, and mid to late lockdown) to assess the evolution of the topics discussed on Chinese and French social media.

Results
A total of 6395; 23,422; and 141,643 Chinese Weibo messages, and 34,327; 119,919; and 282,965 French tweets were extracted in the prelockdown, early lockdown, and mid to late lockdown periods, respectively, in China and France. Four categories of topics were discussed in a continuously evolving way in all three periods: epidemic news and everyday life, scientific information, public measures, and solidarity and encouragement. The most represented category over all periods in both countries was epidemic news and everyday life. Scientific information was far more discussed on Weibo than in French tweets. Misinformation circulated through social media in both countries; however, it was more concerned with the virus and epidemic in China, whereas it was more concerned with the lockdown measures in France. Regarding public measures, more criticisms were identified in French tweets than on Weibo. Advantages and data privacy concerns regarding tracing apps were also addressed in French tweets. All these differences were explained by the different uses of social media, the different timelines of the epidemic, and the different cultural contexts in these two countries.

Conclusions
This study is the first to compare the social media content in eastern and western countries during the unprecedented COVID-19 lockdown. Using general COVID-19–related social media data, our results describe common and different public reactions, behaviors, and concerns in China and France, even covering the topics identified in prior studies focusing on specific interests. We believe our study can help characterize country-specific public needs and appropriately address them during an outbreak.
Attitudes of Health Care Professionals Toward Older Adults’ Abilities to Use Digital Technology: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Mannheim Ittay , Wouters Eveline J M , van Boekel Leonieke C , van Zaalen Yvonne 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundDigital technologies (DTs) for older adults focus mainly on health care and are considered to have the potential to improve the well-being of older adults. However, adoption rates of these DTs are considered low. Although previous research has investigated possible reasons for adoption and acceptance of DT, age-based stereotypes (eg, those held by health care professionals) toward the abilities of older adults to use DTs have yet to be considered as possible barriers to adoption.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the influencing role of ageism in the context of health care professionals attitudes toward older adults’ abilities to use health care DT. A further goal was to examine if social comparison and stereotype activation affect and moderate this association.MethodsA new measurement to assess health care professionals’ attitudes toward older adults using technology (ATOAUT-10) was developed and used in 2 studies. Study 1 involved the development of the ATOAUT-10 scale using a principal component analysis and further examined health care professionals’ attitudes toward the use of health care DTs and correlations with ageism. Study 2 further explored the correlation between ageism and ATOAUT in an experimental design with health care professionals.ResultsIn study 1, physiotherapists (N=97) rated older adults as young as 50 years as less able to use health care DT compared to younger adults (P<.001). A multiple regression analysis revealed that higher levels of ageism, beyond other predictors, were predictive of more negative ATOAUT, (β=.36; t=3.73; P<.001). In study 2, the salience of age was manipulated. Health care professionals (N=93) were randomly assigned to rate the abilities of a young or old person to use health care DT. Old age salience moderated the correlation between ageism and ATOAUT (R2=0.19; F6,85=3.35; P=.005), such that higher levels of ageism correlated with more negative ATOAUT in the old age salient condition, but not the young condition. Stereotype activation accounted for health care professionals’ attitudes more than did the experience of working with older patients or the professionals’ age.ConclusionsNegative and ageist attitudes of health care professionals can potentially affect how older adults are viewed in relation to DT and consequently might influence actual use and adoption of technology-based treatment. Future studies should broaden the validation of the ATOAUT-10 scale on more diverse samples and focus on the discriminatory aspect of ageism and self-ageism of older adults. This study calls for a focus on ageism as a determinant of adoption of DT.
DETERMINATION OF QUALITY PARAMETERS AND TEST ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SEROJA LEAVES (NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN.)
Authors: DJAMIL RATNA , PRATAMI DIAH KARTIKA , PUTRI FEBI AYU , OCTAVIA THALIA BREBA 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluated the quality parameters and analyzed the antioxidant activity of seroja leaves Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
Methods: The quantification of the chemical compound was determined by its total phenol and flavonoid levels. The evaluate the antioxidant activity was determined by the comparability of the four common radical scavenging assays using 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS); 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical; cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC); ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods.
Results: The results of phytochemical screening for simplicia powder and 70% ethanol extract of seroja leaves contain secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarin, quinones, and triterpenoid steroids. The results of the determination of the quality parameters meet the requirements of quality and safety standard of the medicinal herb. The result of the determination of total phenol content from 70% ethanol extract of Seroja leaves was 181.62±0.82 mg GAE/g extract. The results of the determination of total flavonoid levels from 70% ethanol extract of seroja leaves amounted to 289.83±1.04 mg QE/g extract. The results of antioxidant activity tests using the ABTS, DPPH, and TBA methods showed IC50 respectively 287.7 mg/l, 22.3 mg/l, and 352.6 mg/l and CUPRAC and FRAP methods had an antioxidant capacity of 160.76±0.35 and 253.36±0.48 mg AAE/g extract.
Conclusion: Seroja leaves (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) have the potential to be used as an antioxidant medicinal herb and its extract meet the standard of quality control and safety.
ISOLATION OF PROTEIN FROM THE SPINE VENOM OF PTEROIS VOLITANS FOUND IN THE INDONESIAN OCEAN, USING A HEATING PROCESS, FOR ANTICANCER, ANTIRETROVIRAL, ANTIBACTERIAL, AND ANTIOXIDANT ASSAYS
Authors: IBRAHIM FERA , SAHLAN MUHAMAD , GINTING MIKAEL JANUARDI , PRATAMI DIAH KARTIKA , HERMANSYAH HERI , WIJANARKO ANONDHO 
Published: March 2021

Objective: This research investigates the antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, and antiretroviral activities of the lionfish spine poison extract.
Methods: Isolation and purification of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) protein obtained from the spine poison were conducted through the following stages, including, extraction of the venom by sonication, heating, and purification using gradual saturation levels of ammonium sulfate. Furthermore, the purity and concentration of PLA2 were analyzed using the Lowry test and Marinetti’s method, respectively, while its protein content was ascertained through SDS-PAGE. Toxicity was then evaluated employing the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT), and its anticancer activity was assessed in human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa cells). Finally, its antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiretroviral activities were analyzed using the DPPH method, agar diffusion test against Salmonella sp. and E. coli, and SRV-2 and RT-qPCR tests, respectively.
Results: The protein demonstrated 37.79% inhibition for anticancer activity, IC50 1312 ppm for antioxidant activity, 98.81%, and 89.28% inhibition of E. coli and Salmonella sp. respectively for antibacterial activity and 98.13% inhibition for antiretroviral activity.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that lionfish (Pterois volitans) has the potential to be developed as an antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiretroviral agent. Furthermore, the pharmacological activity of its spine venom was determined by isolating PLA2 protein from its extract, using an optimum heating temperature of 70 °C and an ammonium sulfate saturation level of 80%.
TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT, FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND TYROSINASE INHIBITION OF CORN COB (ZEA MAYS) EXTRACT
Authors: DEWI INDRI KUSUMA , SUHENDRIYO  , INDARTO  , PRAMONO SUWIJIYO , ROHMAN ABDUL , MARTIEN RONNY 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Corn cob is a part of plant Zea mays that have a phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This research aims to evaluate total phenolic and flavonoid content, free radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibiton of corn cob (Zea mays) extract.
Methods: Corn cob were determined in Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta. Meanwhile, corn cob were extracted using maceration method applying 70% ethanol solvent. This extract were analyzed through the total fenolic and flavonoids content tests apply spectrofotometric UV Vis, antioxidant activity using radical scavenging test 2,2-difenill-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) and tyrosinase inhibition test applying in vitro tyrosinase enzyme inhibition.
Results: Total phenolic content of the corn cob extract were 1.76 %b/b EAG, while the total of flavonoids content were 0.42%b/b EK. The antioxidant activity using DPPH method test of corn cob extract were values IC50 38.57 µg/ml. Tyrosinase inhibition of corn cob extract were values IC50 919.78µg/ml.
Conclusion: Corn cob extract had antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition.