bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alla ricerca dei veri giacobini. Magistratura, sistema politico, modello costituzionale
Authors: Claudio Viazzi 
Published: June 2021

1. Crisi della giustizia: una pluralitŕ di letture scisse tra loro2. Strategia dell'inefficienza, processi riformatori "personalizzati" e modello costituzionale: esiste un nesso?3. La riforma della Costituzione: crisi del modello o crisi della politica?4. Le due piste del costituzionalismo moderno: Rousseau e Locke5. Dove stanno allora i giacobini?6. L'insopprimibile politicitŕ della giurisdizione7. Ruolo del giudice e interpretazione del diritto8. Una conclusione provvisoria.
Misurare l'arretrato: una proposta di analisi
Authors: Luca Minniti 
Published: June 2021

1. La definizione di arretrato e la sua rappresentazione: scopi e modalitŕ2. L'analisi dell'arretrato o dei differenti arretrati dell'ufficio3. I progetti di definizione prioritaria delle cause arretrate4. Una proposta di analisi.
La condivisione della musica sulle reti peer-to-peer: una riflessione sociogiuridica sul crimine
Authors: Blengino Cecilia 
Published: June 2021

L'articolo si propone di contribuire alla riflessione sulanalizzando i presupposti su cui si fonda la scelta di legislatore italiano di collocare tale pratica entro la categoria dei comportamenti penalmente rilevanti. Tale riflessione viene condotta alla luce della proposta di classificazione del crimine suggerita da Hagan (1994) e prende in considerazione le tre distinte dimensioni del danno sociale prodotto dal crimine, della reazione sociale da questo generata e dell'accordo sulla valutazione della trasgressione normativa. L'analisi mette in discussione le argomentazioni relative al danno sociale che fondano e giustificano la criminalizzazione dele, contemporaneamente, evidenzia la complessitŕ di tale fenomeno.
Fughe di notizie, trasparenza e potere. A proposito di Wikileaks
Authors: Poier Salvatore 
Published: June 2021

In questo articolo cercherň di dimostrare come il caso Wikileaks - e il suo fondatore e portavoce Julian Assange - usi il tema della sicurezza delle informazioni in Rete per creare quella che definisco qui unadi potere. Attivando il sospetto e la paranoia, Wikileaks cerca di assestare la propria credibilitŕ e legittimitŕ nel pubblico, senza perň fornire alcuna certezza sulla propria giustezza ed equitŕ. Questo non solo crea un certo scetticismo - di per sé un valore rilevante nel rapporto con l'autoritŕ - ma piuttosto spinge ad un antagonismo verso l'autoritŕ costituita solo al fine di legittimarne una, raggiungendo il paradossale risultato di mettere a rischio la libertŕ di informazione.
Una rassegna sul diritto rappresentato. Racconti mediali e interazioni giuridiche a confronto
Authors: Cava Antonia 
Published: June 2021

Alcuni testi mediali danno corpo al diritto che vive nella societŕ, al di lŕ della sua dimensione piů strettamente giuridica. In questo contributo si analizza il ruolo che i media hanno nell'"edificare" il diritto: il diritto raccontato dai media diviene ilall'interno del quale collocare le "interpretazioni giuridiche" degli spettatori. L'interpretazione delle narrazioni dei media suggerisce, infatti, un certo modo di conoscere il diritto. Č importante considerare come questi testi dei media si incontrino con i pensieri, le immagini, le parole che si generano nella vita quotidiana, nelle interazioni extramediali. Siamo fatti di fantasia mediale e vita reale, due dimensioni che s'intrecciano e che sfioriamo costantemente. E allora la realtŕ del sistema giudiziario come sfera del diritto e la sua costruzione mediatica s'interfacciano costantemente e determinano un certo modo di immaginare il diritto.
"A rule-governed gunman writ large?" Il posto della coercizione in The Concept of Law
Authors: Pintore Anna 
Published: June 2021

Oggi molti teorici del diritto ritengono che Herbert Hart, con la sua critica a Austin e a Kelsen, abbia dimostrato in modo conclusivo che la coercizione non č un elemento essenziale del diritto e che perciň non presenta alcun interesse per il filosofo del diritto. Contro l'opinione corrente, Pintore ritiene che la coercizione vada tuttora considerata un tema basilare della filosofia del diritto, almeno per il positivismo giuridico. L'autrice mostra inoltre che inla coercizione gioca un ruolo cruciale in tre ŕmbiti: (i) l'analisi delle regole e degli obblighi sociali, morali e giuridici; (ii) la teoria dei sistemi giuridici come unione di norme primarie e secondarie; (iii) l'idea del contenuto minimo del diritto naturale.
La medicalizzazione della bruttezza
Authors: Ghigi Rossella 
Published: June 2021

- The history of Western scientific and philosophical thought with regard to the human body is marked by a fascination for establishing the parameters of an ideal body shape. During the nineteenth century physiognomy and cosmetic surgery both took inspiration from the illusion of perfect geometrization of the body and its parameterization. The legitimation of cosmetic surgery, in particular, was based on the medicalization of deviations from ideal forms (normal and normative at the same time) of the body, producing the body as an object operable in potentia. This still occurs today particularly in physician-patient interactions and in media discourse. Through an analysis of cosmetic surgery texts (produced respectively by the most important Italian society for plastic surgery, a clinic and a handbook of cosmetic plastic surgery for surgeons) repertoires reading physical appearance through the lenses of normality and pathology are investigated. Based on a qualitative survey of plastic surgeons, the inertia encountered by the process of medicalization of ugliness in everyday practice is discussed.Keywords: cosmetic surgery, medicalization, social costruction of the body, ugliness, normalizationParole chiave: chirurgia estetica, medicalizzazione, costruzione sociale del corpo, bruttezza, normalizzazione
Se questo č cibo. Sociologia degli alimenti GM
Authors: Domaneschi Lorenzo 
Published: June 2021

- Public concern around genetically modified food has increasingly raised in the past few years, across public opinion, medical and biological research as well as economic and sociological research. This paper presents a specific sociological way to analyze this particular field, drawing on the theory of social practices. it suggests to focus the attention specifically on the practices of GM foods consumption in order to search out through them the specific kind of food governance.Key-words: Sociology of food, risk, practice theory, food consumption, GM food, food governance.Parole-chiave: Sociologia dell'alimentazione, rischio, teoria della pratica, consumo alimentare, OGM, food governance.
Binge Eating Disorder e regolazione affettiva: cibo, emozioni, relazioni
Authors: Guiducci Valentina 
Published: June 2021

- The work aims to draw a descriptive and explanatory picture of Binge Eating Disorder, basing on the key concept of affective regulation. It is proposed, as an explanation model of the disorder, the hypothesis of Taylor, Bagby and Parker (1997, 2000), who conceptualized Eating Disorders as self-regulation disorders, focusing on the construct of affect regulation. It refers to the acts that modulate emotions experienced and expressed (Gross and Munoz, 1995; Kopp, 1989; Schor, 1994). The reference to attachment theory, as privileged theoretical framework for understanding the construct of affect regulation, is introduced to discuss pathogenetic and clinical implications (Santona and Zavattini, 2009). The review of the empirical results of the studies that examined the relationship between Binge Eating Disorder and emotional dysregulation, shows how the characteristic of this disorder is a poor capacity to modulate dysphoric feelings and to differentiate emotions from bodily sensations. The desire to eat is experienced as a compulsive craving, that represents for the patient the only possible response to emotional dysregulation (Whiteside et al., 2007).Key-words: Binge Eating Disorder, food, emotions, affective regulation, bulimia, shape.Parole-chiave: Binge Eating Disorder, cibo, emozioni, regolazione affettiva, bulemia, vergogna.
La trama della famiglia anoressica: reti di relazioni e di rappresentazioni
Authors: Delogu Anna Maria 
Published: June 2021

- Anorexia nervosa is a complex pathology that has been studied through different paradigma (Onnis, 2004; Treasure, Schimdt, van Furth, 2006). The different authors who studied anorexia nervosa seem to agree about the hypothesis of a multi-factors pathogenesis in which a very important role is played by the relational aspects and, specifically, by family relationships, in the beginning and in the going on of this pathology. Nevertheless, Reiss (1989) pointed out we have to consider both practising and represented family, that is the role of family relationships (i.e. observed interactions) and individual representations. The practising family has been studied by systems theory paradigm, which found very typical transactional patterns in anorexic families, such as enmeshment and triangulation (Minuchin et al., 1980; Selvini Palazzoli et al., 1988; 1998). On the other hand, attachment theory studied the represented family and the role of insecure attachment models in psychopathology onset (Bowlby, 1973; Main, 1996). Many studies have underlined the prevalence of insecure attachment models and unresolved attachment status in response to loss or to trauma in anorexic patients and their mothers, pointing out the role of transgenerational transmission (Cole-Detke, Kobak, 1996; Fonagy et al., 1996; Ward et al., 2001; Ammaniti, Mancone, Vismara, 2001; Ramaciotti, Sorbello, Pazzagli, Vismara, Mancone, Pallanti, 2001).Key-words: anorexia nervosa, adolescence, family, relationships, internal working models.Parole-chiave: anoressia nervosa, adolescenza, famiglia, relazioni, modelli operativi interni.
The Shifting Borders of Medicalization: Perspectives and Dilemmas of Human Enhancement
Authors: Maturo Antonio 
Published: June 2021

- While medicalization is the process of extending the medical gaze on human conditions through the mechanism of pathologization, human enhancement actions are implemented towards normal conditions. In this sense, human enhancement can not be considered either health care or health promotion because its aim is optimization, not healing nor prevention. As the borders between normality and pathology are blurred, biomedical interventions aiming at improving a normal individual today could be conceived as health care practices directed towards a sick person tomorrow. Therefore, human enhancement actions should be analyzed through the lenses of the medicalization-theory proposed by Conrad - but on a long-term scale. Under an ethical perspective, human enhancement interventions - being very heterogeneous - should be analyzed case-by-case.Keywords: medicalization, human enhancement, medicine, normality, health promotion, disease.Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, miglioramento umano, medicina, normalitÀ, promozione della salute, malattia.
The Shifting Engines of Medicalization
Authors: Conrad Peter 
Published: June 2021

- Social scientists and other analysts have written about medicalization since at least the 1970s. While early critics of medicalization focused on psychiatry (Szasz, 1970) or a more general notion of medical imperialism (Illich, 1975), sociologists began to examine the processes of medicalization and the expanding realm of medicine (Freidson, 1970; Zola, 1972). As sociological studies on medicalization accumulated (see Conrad, 1992; 2000) it became clear that medicalization went far beyond psychiatry and was not always the product of medical imperialism, but of more complex social forces. The essence of medicalization became the definitional issue: defining a problem in medical terms, usually as an illness or disorder, or using a medical intervention to treat it. While the medicalization process could be bidirectional and partial rather than complete, there is strong evidence for expansion rather than contraction of medical jurisdiction.Keywords: consumerism, managed care, medicalization, medicine, ADHD, sociology of health.Parole chiave: consumerismo, managed care, medicalizzazione, medicina, ADHD, sociologia della salute.
The Medicalization of Ugliness
Authors: Ghigi Rossella 
Published: June 2021

- The history of Western scientific and philosophical thought with regard to the human body is marked by a fascination for establishing the parameters of an ideal body shape. During the nineteenth century physiognomy and cosmetic surgery both took inspiration from the illusion of perfect geometrization of the body and its parameterization. The legitimation of cosmetic surgery, in particular, was based on the medicalization of deviations from ideal forms (normal and normative at the same time) of the body, producing the body as an object operable in potentia. This still occurs today particularly in physician-patient interactions and in media discourse. Through an analysis of cosmetic surgery texts (produced respectively by the most important Italian society for plastic surgery, a clinic and a handbook of cosmetic plastic surgery for surgeons) repertoires reading physical appearance through the lenses of normality and pathology are investigated. Based on a qualitative survey of plastic surgeons, the inertia encountered by the process of medicalization of ugliness in everyday practice is discussed.Keywords: cosmetic surgery, medicalization, social costruction of the body, ugliness, normalizationParole chiave: chirurgia estetica, medicalizzazione, costruzione sociale del corpo, bruttezza, normalizzazione
At the Core of Life. The Medicalization of Society in Michel Foucault
Authors: Mori Luca 
Published: June 2021

- In this article I try to describe Foucault's conception of the medicalization process. After briefly outline the conception of power proposed by Foucault, I show the central role played by the biomedical devices. The main thesis of this interpretation are two. Firstly, I try to point out how medicine and the biological disciplines form a kind of knowledge which is essential to the birth of the modern State. Secondly, I consider how Foucault definition of biopolitics is the result of an overlap between political power and the specific regimes of truth entailed in biomedical sciences.Keywords: Foucault, power, medicalization, biopolitics, state science, police.Parole chiave: Foucault, potere, medicalizzazione, biopolitica, scienza dello stato, polizia.
Four Meanings of Medicalization: Childbirth as a Case study
Authors: Christiaens Wendy , van Teijlingen Edwin 
Published: June 2021

- Medicalisation is a commonly used and ‘easily' understood concept among health care providers and researchers as well as in popular culture, but it is contested within medical sociology. This paper distinguishes between four meanings bestowed on medicalisation to enhance its conceptual clarity, using the example of childbirth as an illustration. Within the first generation of medicalisation theory, largely covering the ideas of Freidson, Conrad and Illich, we distinguish between three layers of meaning: (a) the origin of the medical model; (b) medical imperialism; and (c) iatrogenesis. The first meaning refers to the origin of the medical knowledge. In the second meaning daily life becomes increasingly defined in terms of health and illness, hence incorporating a growing number of life domains and social problems. The power of the medical discourse and the associated social control are central issues. The third meaning is represented by the critical or conflict sociological approach, in which medicalisation is interpreted as an exaggeration of medical control, hence emphasising its iatrogenic (‘sick-making') effects. The second generation medicalisation theory addresses a changed and more complex organisation of health care. New medicalisation tendencies surpass the old ones, adding a new layer of meanings to the concept: the optimalisation of normal characteristics or processes. Hence, normal phenomena become problematic and a new consuming market is created. A key message from our paper is that poor conceptualisation of medicalisation as an analytical tool endangers the quality and comparability of social scientific research and interdisciplinary collaboration.Keywords: medicalization, birth, iatrogenesis, medical imperialism, sociology of health, health care.Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, parto, iatrogenesi, imperialismo medico, sociologia della salute, assistenza sanitaria.
Metaphors in Action in Medical Practice
Authors: Tomelleri Stefano 
Published: June 2021

- This article presents the results of an interdisciplinary research based on the study of metaphors at work during the medical visits of 5 oncologists 3 males, (respectively 41, 43, and 60 year old), 2 females (respectively 41 and 58 year old) for a total of 61 clinical talks that have been videotaped at an hospital in Northern Italy. The choice to study metaphors at work in medical practice greatly depends on our research experience and the realization that both doctors and patients had recourse to them during clinic talks and the use of such metaphors played a complex role that could not merely be referred to the exemplification of clinic concepts and words. From the analysis of recorded conversations we have discovered that the use of metaphors favoured: a) the contextualization of clinic conversations within wider macro-social structures; b) the definition of behaviours, roles, and decisional processes linked to social representations; c) the creative solution for the often irreconcilable tension between the subjective and bodily aspects of what we can call illness, the objective and impersonal character of its clinic definition (disease), and its social dimension (sickness).Key-words: medicalization, metaphor, disease, illness, sickness, oncology.Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, metafora, disease, illness, sickness, oncologia.
Demedicalization and Remedicalization of Male Circumcision in Great Britain and the United States
Authors: Carpenter Laura M. 
Published: June 2021

- This study explicates the theoretically important, yet inadequately specified, processes of demedicalization and remedicalization by comparing the histories of male circumcision in Great Britain and the United States. Although circumcision was medicalized to a similar degree in both countries before World War II, by the 1960s, circumcision was almost completely demedicalized in Britain and almost universal in the U.S. Since then, circumcision has become partially demedicalized in the U.S. Medical professionals and insurance/healthcare systems drove demedicalization in both countries; in the U.S., grassroots activists also played a critical role, while medical community "holdouts" resisted demedicalization. Recent research indicating that circumcision inhibits HIV transmission is differentially likely to produce remedicalization in the two nations, given differences in circumcision prevalence, HIV epidemiology, insurance/health systems, activism opportunities, and status of religious groups. Future research should theorize the life cycle of medicalization, explore comparative cases, and attend more closely to medical "holdouts" from previous eras, prevalence and duration of medicalized practices, and barriers to non-medical interpretations.Keywords: medicalization, demedicalization, remedicalization, health, circumcision, sociology.Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, demedicalizzazione, rimedicalizzazione, salute, circoncisione, sociologia.
L'accesso sociale: il nuovo sportello sociale. La sperimentazione della Regione Emilia-Romagna e l'esperienza della Provincia di Bologna
Authors: Forni Maura , Paltrinieri Fabrizia , Ragazzini Francesca 
Published: June 2021

- After an overall framing of the main features of the "welfare access", the article analyses the experimentations by the Emilia Romagna Region and the experience of the Province of Bologna in the field of "social counters". Within the year 2003, the Emilia Romagna region has promoted and sustained a regional experimentation in order to start up a number of "social counters", as required by the Regional Law L.R. 2/03, art. 7. The regional welfare reform provided for the development of a network of counters on the regional territory, in order to answer for the citizens' access to the local system of social and sociomedical services. Following up such an experimentation, the communes belonging to the Province of Bologna opted for the sharing of the same informational system, which had already been positively tested, was working in one of the sociomedical territorial districts and was strongly orientated towards integration. The choice greatly marked the development of the social counters project in the Province of Bologna: the peculiar sharing of the same software by the whole of the provincial territory has been a fundamental element, which allowed to carry out not only the territorial social counters project, but also an effective provincial network of such social desks.Keywords: welfare; access; social counters network; integration; social system.
PrioritÀ cliniche in sanitÀ: governare la domanda con il coinvolgimento dei professionisti
Authors: Mariotti Giuliano 
Published: June 2021

- Creating order: this is the first step needed to prevent the collapse of the public healthcare system. Clinical priority for the healthcare services is a model to create an explicit order based on patients' needs, to guarantee timely referrals. This supports the idea that, despite the general perception that health care is difficult to access, availability of out-patient diagnostic procedures may be sufficient to meet the requirements of patients with major diagnostic needs. In Italy, the Homogeneous Waiting Groups (Raggruppamenti di attesa omogenei, RAO) model is being applied. It involves all those who are part of the process of providing a referral: the family doctor, the booking service (Cup) and the specialist. The model is based on identifying categories for the access to referrals. These allow the prescribers to establish in advance the length of wait considered adequate for a specific patient. To manage a system as complex as this one, it may be useful the socalled "facilitation" management technique. The aim is to guarantee the ongoing improvement of the quality of services, to make waiting times adequate to the clinical needs of citizens and the patients themselves more satisfied. Our experience encourages us to organise educational initiatives and joint courses for family doctors and specialists to reinforce the former's ability to increase their knowledge of appropriateness. At the same time, the involvement of family doctors and specialists may increase the level of concordance regarding the attribution of priority levels and adherence to guidelines' keywords. This will need to be evaluated as such schemes are adopted more widely.Keywords: appropriateness; clinical priority; primary care; waiting lists; clinical needs.
Achille Ardigň e il paradigma socio-tecnico della Rete. Per una sociologia della sanitÀ al tempo di Internet
Authors: Moruzzi Mauro 
Published: June 2021

-The Author describes in his contribution the important role played by Achille Ardigň in the age of the Internet in health-care. The analysis focuses on the techno-social paradigm of the Net, in particular with respect to the development of e-health and e-care networks. With a theoretical excursus, the Internet developments are traced back, as they shifted from system-based IT to social networks. The enormous communication power of the Net influences and radically changes the old welfare systems: a change which is analyzed by applying the theory of social systems, the studies of complexity of the Master thinker. A scenario for health-care and welfare for the near future emerges which is strongly influenced by the techno-social paradigm of the Internet.Keywords: Ardigň, network, e-health, e-care, organization, communication, Internet.Parole chiave: Ardigň, network, e-health, e-care, organizzazione, comunicazione, Internet.