bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Climate Conditions and Meteorological Factors on the Nutritional Value of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Used for Human and Animals Nutrition, in Romania
Authors: Hotea Ionela , Dragomirescu Monica , Colibar Olimpia , Tirziu Emil , Herman Viorel , Berbecea Adina , Radulov Isidora 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the basic cereal in human and animal nutrition. Every month, wheat is harvested somewhere in the world. In Romania, a country with a temperate-continental climate, the wheat is harvested between June and July, while the sowing is carried out between September and October. Climatic and meteorological factors during these periods can influence the nutritional quality of wheat. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of annual average temperature and the amount of precipitate on the chemical composition and on the value of metabolizable energy of the wheat, respectively. The climatic and meteorological data used in this study come from NMA database. Were analysed the periods September 2017 - July 2018 (period 1, noted with 2018 - the year of harvesting) and September 2018 - July 2019 (period 2, noted with 2019 - the year of harvesting), respectively. For the chemical analysis, the NIR (Near InfraRed spectroscopy) method was used. The calculation of metabolizable energy was performed based on the ATWATER system, a system applicable to both human and animal nutrition. The statistical analysis of the climatic and meteorological data showed that the annual average temperature for period 1 was lower compared to the temperatures of period 2. Also, the precipitations were more abundant in period 1 compared to period 2. There were no significant statistical differences for any of the climatic and meteorological factors assayed during the analyzed periods. Following the statistical correlations between the nutrients studied by chemical analysis, for those 2 periods, significant differences were observed (p <0.001). The humidity of wheat grains harvested in 2018 was higher (average = 13.03%) compared to that of grains harvested in 2019 (average = 10.72%). The protein content was lower in 2018 (average = 10.02%) than in 2019 (average = 11.04%); and similar results were obtained for the fibre content (average 2018 = 2.17%; average 2019 = 2.96%). Also, the value of metabolizable energy was lower for wheat harvested in 2018 (average = 3517.90 kcal/kg) compared to 2019 (average = 3611.04 kcal/kg). In conclusion, the results of this study highlight the influence of temperature and precipitation on the chemical composition of wheat, thus having a direct impact on the nutritional quality of this grain for human and animal nutrition.
Study of Ar+ and He+ implanted SOS-structures
Authors: Bibilashvili Amiran , Jibuti Lado , Jibuti Zurab , Skhiladze Givi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the work Silicon – on - insulator nanostructures after implantation by various doses of ions 4He+ and 40Ar+ are investigated. Researches were carried out by measurement of optical reflection spectrum and magnitude of work function of an electron. It is shown that ions 40Ar+ in Silicon – on - insulator nanostructures, providing high efficiency of gettering influence, incorporate the neutral divacancy responsible for an observable minimum in ranges of reflection 0.73-0.75eV. As a result of implanted by ions 4He+ the gettering doesn’t occur and the entered defects are divacancies with one negative charge, responsible for an observable maximum in reflection ranges 0.73-0.75eV. The received results indicate possibility of purposeful updating of Silicon – on - insulator nanostructures for improvement of their optical characteristics. Start your abstract here… The abstract should include the purpose of research, principal results and major conclusions. References should be avoided, if it is essential, only cite the author(s) and year(s) without giving reference list. Prepare your abstract in this file and then copy it into the registration web field.
Geology of Zagros metamorphosed volcaniclastic sandstones: a key for changing the Mawat Ophiolite Complex to a metamorphic core complex, Kurdistan Region, NE-Iraq
Authors: Karim Kamal Haji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mawat Ophiolite Complex is located about 36 km to the northeast of Sulaimani city and directly to the east-northeast of Mawat town near the border of Iran in the northeastern Iraq. The complex has about 600-km2 surface area and consists of high mountain terrains that subjected to intense geological investigations from the fiftieth of previous century till now. According to previous studies, the complex contains tens of igneous rocks such as basalt, metabasalt, tuff, diabase, metadiabase, diorite dykes, periodotite, serpentinite, serpentinite-matrix mélange, gabbro, metagabbro, harzbergite, pyroxenite, plagiogranite, pegmatite, granitiod rocks and dunite. They added occurrences of the volcanic and subvolcanic rocks in the form of dykes or basaltic flows. The present study tries to change the petrology and tectonics of whole complex from Ophiolite Complex to Metamorphic Core Complex. The revision includes refusal of all the above igneous rocks, instead they considered as medium grade regional metamorphism of different types of volcaniclastic sandstones (volcanic wackes), arenites and greywackes (impure sandstones) which sourced predominantly from remote volcanic source area inside Iran. The revision depended on several conjugate field and laboratory evidences inside the complex. These evidences such as absence of pillow basalt, volcanic flows, glass shards, volcanic cones, dykes, sills, contact metamorphism, dilatational structures and flow structures. Other evidences are presence of cross beddings, erosional surfaces, lensoidal channel fills, metamorphosed conglomerate, exposures of thousands of laminated planar beds and transition from fresh volcaniclastic sandstones to its medium grade metamorphosed counterparts, which previously considered as igneous rocks of ophiolite types. Another, evidence, in contrast to ophiolite section, the basalt location is at the base of the claimed ophiolite section while plutonic (dunite and peridotite) rocks located at its top. These locations of the two rocks contradict the definition of ophiolites. Accordingly, the present study changed the geological map of the whole Mawat area from igneous outcrops to metamorphosed volcaniclastic sandstones, arenites and greywackes that belong to Walash-Naoperdan Series. The parent rocks of the series transformed to different types of regionally metamorphosed rocks by deep burial during Eocene. During the burial, diageneses and metamorphisms enhanced by complex mixture of materials from different source areas and seawaters environments. Later, they uplifted, unroofed and exhumed during Pliocene as a core complex.
On the determination of a locally optimized Ellipsoidal model of the Geoid surface in sea areas
Authors: Galani Persephone , Lycourghiotis Sotiris , Kariotou Foteini 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Deriving a local geoid model has drawn much research interest in the last decade, in an endeavour to minimize the errors in orthometric heights calculations, inherited by the use of global geoid reference models. In most parts of the earth, the local geoid surface may be tens of meters away from the Global Reference biaxial Ellipsoid (WGS84), which create numerus problems in topographic, environmental and navigational applications. Several methods have been developed for optimizing the precision of the calculation of the geoid heights undulations and the accuracy of the corresponding orthometric heights calculations. The optimization refers either to the method used for data acquisition, or to the geometrical method used for the determination of the best fit local geoid model. In the present work, we focus on the reference ellipsoid used for the geometric and geoid heights determination and develop a method to provide the one that fits best to the local geoid surface. Moreover, we consider relatively small sea regions and near to coast areas, where the usual methods for data acquisition fail more or less, and we pay attention in two directions: To obtain accurate measured data and to have the best possible reference ellipsoid for the area at hand. In this due, we use the “GNSS-on-boat” methodology to obtain direct sea level data, which we induce in a Moore Penrose pseudoinverse procedure to calculate the best fit triaxial ellipsoid. This locally optimized reference ellipsoid minimizes the geometric heights in the region at hand. The method is applied in two closed sea areas in Greece, namely Corinthian and Patra’s gulf and also in four regions in the Ionian Sea, which exhibit significant geoid alterations. Taking into account all factors of uncertainty, the precision of the mean sea level surface, produced by the “GNSS on boat” methodology, had been estimated at 5.43 cm for the gulf of Patras, at 3.76 cm for the Corinthian gulf and at 3.31 for the Ionian and Adriatic Sea areas. The average difference of this surface and the local triaxial reference ellipsoid, calculated in this work, is found to be less than 15 cm, whereas the corresponding difference with respect to WGS84 is of the order of 30m.
Multistages mineralization and transformation of terrigenous rocks in the Vyun ore field, Yana-Kolyma metallogenic belt, Northeast Asia: insight from the sedimentary, diagenetic and hydrothermal sulfides and geochemistry of ore-hosting rocks
Authors: Polufuntikova Lena , Fridovsky Valery , Tarasov Yaroslav , Kudrin Maksim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the sulfidization zone of the Charky-Indigirka thrust fault within the Vyun ore field in the Upper Adycha sector of the Yana-Kolyma metallogenic belt. The purpose of the research is to study the composition and distribution of basic and trace elements in terrigenous rocks of the Upper Triassic and Middle Jurassic, as well as in distal metasomatites on the territory of the Vyun ore field. The petrochemical features of weakly altered terrigenous rocks, conditions of their formation and changes of composition during epigenetic processes were analyzed. Three generations of pyrite were identified: diagenetic Py1, metamorphogenic Py2 and metasomatic Py3. Typomorphic trace elements and variations of their distribution in pyrites were determined. Composition analyses of weakly altered sedimentary rocks of the Upper Triassic (V/(V+Ni)=0.5-0.8, V/Cr=0.1-2.9 and Ni/Co=2.5-10.3) and Middle Jurassic (V/(V+Ni)=0.7-0.9, V/Cr=0.2-2.0 and Ni/Co=1.3-8.8) yielded the conclusion that changes in oxygen conditions to disoxic and anoxic, as well as the enrichment of terrigenous material with ore elements, lead to the formation of authigenic sulfide mineralization at the early stages of the sedimentary strata formation. The subsequent multistage development of the territory was accompanied by an active migration of chemical elements, their input and redistribution.
Influence of the Droplet Velocity on the Attenuation of Overpressures in a Water Mist
Authors: Mataradze Edgar , Chikhradze Nikoloz , Akhvlediani Irakli , Chikhradze Mikhail , Bochorishvili Nika , Tavlalashvili Karlo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mist generator is a basic element of systems designed to protect from explosions. It is responsible for forming a suppression barrier between the place of explosion and the zone to be protected. The effectiveness of the system is determined by the capacity of the mist to suppress blast overpressure and impulse. The attenuation capacity, on its turn, depends on mist properties, such as droplet size, water concentration in mist and droplet velocity. The paper examines droplet velocity influence on overpressure and impulse attenuation in mist when the properties of the latter are in the following ranges: droplet size - 15-345 μm; droplet velocity - 5.5-35 m/s; shock wave velocity – 515-718 m/s, droplet impact angle - 900. The influence of drop velocity on blast attenuation has been assessed according to overpressure and impulse reduction factors.
Experimental Study of Possibilities for Developing a Building Information Model of a Laser-Scanned Physical Object
Authors: Nedyalkov Danail 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The methodological approach when using a scanned physical object to build a building information model (BIM) is based on laser scanning technology and aims to create technical documentation of existing buildings, most often with the status of historically significant sites. The BIM technology can be used as an integral part for the creation of the documentation in the process of construction and of the new sites, as well as their administrative and managerial control in the process of their construction and operation. The essence of the experiment is to model space in a parametric three-dimensional model (BIM) in the ArchiCAD program, using a laser-scanned physical object (point cloud). The cloud obtained from the laser scan contains detailed spatial information, which is used in the basis of creation of a construction information model (BIM) and control during the development of the model. The laser-scanned physical object (point cloud) contains the same geometric information as the construction information model (BIM), but with a much smaller amount of data, the file size is visible - point cloud - 30.41 MB, BIM - 9.83 MB). The advantages of BIM over the point cloud is to give the ability to edit the model, to study the energy behavior of the model, to create construction and technical documentation of the scanned object, as well as to disclose the ability to fill in technical data and parameters based on the map and cadastral basis. By means of the density of the point cloud (parameter of the equipment used - laser scanner) of the scanned object, information is obtained and used with sufficient detail and accuracy about the physical data of the real object and this is the basis for the full and comprehensive content of BIM. Based on the sufficient detail created in the BIM for the physical object, it is possible for its combinability and its actual use in the real environment.
Conceptual considerations of the modernization of the main fan stations of mine Y and their economic aspect
Authors: Mocek Piotr 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In connection with the liquidation of the hard coal mine Y and the change its functionality, it is necessary to modernize the main fan station installed at the “Northern” shaft of mine Y. The article presents concepts of changing the efficiency of WPK 5.0 fans installed in the “Northern” shaft and the methods of air flow regulation for target model of a mine with a reduced network of mining excavations. It discusses four alternative variants of technical solutions. The most effective of them are illustrated with a preliminary economic analysis, the results of which enable the right investment decision to be made.
Experimental determining of horizontal movements of the water tower reservoirs by GB-RAR
Authors: Talich Milan , Havrlant Jan , Antoš Filip , Soukup Lubomír 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ground-based radar interferometry (GBRI) with ground-based real aperture radar (GB-RAR) is most often used for monitoring vertical deflections of bridge structures caused by vehicle passages. This paper presents an experimental determining of the horizontal dynamic movements of water tower reservoirs by GB-RAR. Determining the dynamic movements of water tower reservoirs is more complicated precisely because the movement of the reservoir is influenced not only by external influences, such as wind, but also by the movement of water mass in the reservoir. The resulting oscillation is then a composite oscillation of multiple frequencies. Next, in the case of routine determination of vertical deflections of bridge structures, it is reasonable to assume a predominant deflection of the structure in this one particular direction. But in the case of tower structures such as reservoirs, it is necessary to assume their movements (oscillations) in the entire horizontal plane. The movements can be circular, elliptical, straight, spiral, or even completely irregular. This means using at least two radars to simultaneously determine 2D movements (in both perpendicular directions of the horizontal plane). In the optimal case, the radars aim at the monitored object in approximately perpendicular directions to each other, and the resulting motion vectors in the horizontal plane are calculated from LOS measurements. The processing of measurements from both radars raises other problems, namely accurate time synchronization of radar measurements. In case of tower structures, time synchronization cannot be solved by coincidence of oscillation amplitude peaks, since the peaks from different radar views may not occur simultaneously. Therefore, alternative solution is offered in this contribution. Purpose of this contribution is to design and verify a procedure for accurate determination of horizontal movements of tower reservoirs with sufficiently accurate oscillation characteristics. The procedure was experimentally verified in practice on a real water reservoir in central Bohemia. The results of the experiment confirm the expected benefits of simultaneous measurements by two radars for determining horizontal dynamic movements of water tower reservoirs by GB-RAR.
Trends in Inertial Navigation Technologies
Authors: Hodas Stanislav , Izvoltova Jana , Rekus Donatas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe inertial measurement unit is an electronic device built-in practically in any controlled or autonomous technology used for land mapping. It is based on a combination of accelerometers and gyroscopes and sometimes magnetometers used for relative orientation and navigation. The paper is focused on functions and trends of an inertial measurement unit, which is a part of inertial navigation indicator of position and velocity of moving devices on the ground, above and below ground in real-time.
An Innovative GB-INSAR System for Deformation Monitoring and Disaster Management
Authors: Twardzik Matthias , Cecchetti Matteo , Coppi Francesco 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Disaster management is a critical issue, needs timely reaction to mitigate the risks and to re-establish a safety condition. For that reason, remote monitoring solution play a crucial role to measure structure healthy and slope stability keeping operators and equipment in the safe zones. A clear understanding of displacement and stability of the target is vital to define proper remediation actions, prioritizing the most critical ones. IDS GeoRadar is a provider of radar remote monitoring technology for complex structures and natural hazards, that recently developed an ArcSAR interferometric radar system for deformation monitoring and disaster management. The innovative solution has been designed to have a portable, easy-to-use solution able to monitor the structures and area after few minutes of its deployment. The radar system detects structure displacement and slope fall precursors, triggering early warning to increase safety for emergency operations and to evacuate people and machinery at risk. The new radar system provides sub-millimeter displacement accuracy at a spatial resolution of tens of centimetres, with updated displacement information every 30 seconds. In this paper, the system is described, along with emergency monitoring experiences.
Ecotoxicological Tests of Metal-Contaminated soils
Authors: Šestinová Ol’ga , Findoráková Lenka , HančuFák Jozef , Szabová Zuzana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The raw steel production plays a key role in the economic development of Slovakia. Unfortunately, the technology of steel production, agricultural and industrial activities contribute to contamination of the soil in the region Eastern Slovakia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of heavy metals in urban soils from the Košice area, using bioassays on earthworms and phytotoxicity. An earthworm avoidance test has potential advantages for use in evaluation of hazardous soils sites and proved as a quick approach to determining the presence of contaminants. The earthworm (Dendrobaena veneta) takes up and retains metals from soil containing of heavy metals. Assessment of soil phytotoxicity was based on germination and seedling growth of the terrestrial plant (mustard Sinapis alba). The level of Cr, Co, Cd and Hg were assessed in 8 industrial soils (4 agricultural areas and 4 grass-plot areas) from the area U.S. Steel Košice. The highest levels contaminations of chromium (278mg/kg), cobalt (39mg/kg), cadmium (21mg/kg) and mercury (0.80mg/kg) were determined for the grass-plot soils (main gate of the U. S. Steel-plant). Phytotoxkit results for the agricultural soils from around Košice showed that, the potential toxicity values are lowly, represented by a lower percentage of inhibition in germination range between 5 and 33 % and the average percentage of growth inhibition was 12-39 % for Sinapis alba. The results for the grass-plot areas soils from around Košice showed the percentage of inhibition in germination range between 13 and 47 % and the average percentage of growth inhibition was 19-49 % for Sinapis alba. Low mortality effects were recorded in the tests with Dendronaena veneta. The distribution of the worms found in the double control was within the range 10–100 % for all areas of the agricultural soils and grass-plot soils, for after 48h. The significant (P<0.05) avoidance by Dendronaena veneta were 100% in soils of areas Gomboš and from main gate of the U. S. Steel-plant, Košice. The above results reflect that not only may the worms be able to detect metals, but in fact they may also change their behavioural response over time.
Marbles from Castagneto Carducci Area (Tuscany, Italy)
Authors: Lezzerini Marco , Civita Jacopo , Aquino Andrea , Pagnotta Stefano 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, marbles from Castagneto Carducci (Livorno province, Tuscany), which originated by contact metamorphism of the Calcare Massiccio Fm., an Early Jurassic limestone belonging to the Tuscan Sequence, were studied for determining their chemical, mineralogical and petrographic characteristics, and the main physical and mechanical properties. Forty marble samples were sampled and analysed; they are from two inactive quarries on the NW and NE slopes of the Mt. Romitorino, and from natural outcrops in the vicinity of the quarries. The analysed rocks are marbles with high calcite content (> 98% by weight). Optical microscopy observations showed Castagneto Carducci marbles generally have a heteroblastic/granoblastic texture with crystal boundaries from curved-right to lobate. The maximum grain size of the calcite crystals ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm. The determination of the main physical and mechanical properties of the analysed marbles showed that these rocks are characterised by low porosity and, in general, good physical and mechanical properties.