bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High temperature impairs mitochondrial function in rainbow trout cardiac mitochondria
Authors: Michaelsen Jakob , Fago Angela , Bundgaard Amanda 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Mitochondria provide cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation, and thus temperature-induced constraints on mitochondrial function may be crucial to animal aerobic scope and thermal tolerance. Here, we report the effect of temperature in the range 5–30°C on respiration rates of isolated cardiac mitochondria from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) studied by high-resolution respirometry and spectrophotometric enzyme activity assays. Arrhenius breakpoint temperature analysis indicated that mitochondrial respiration rates under phosphorylating and fully uncoupled conditions increased exponentially up to 20°C, but stopped increasing at higher temperatures. In contrast, respiration rates measured under non-phosphorylating leak conditions continued to increase up to 30°C. The decrease in the ratio between phosphorylating and uncoupled respiration at high temperature indicated that phosphorylation was gradually impaired with increasing temperature, possibly because of the steadily increasing proton leak across the membrane. In addition, we found that complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) activity decreased above 20°C, similarly to mitochondrial respiration, and that complex I was unstable in the presence of detergents, suggesting that it may be particularly sensitive to changes in its interaction with membrane phospholipids. In contrast, complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) maintained activity at temperatures above 20°C, although succinate oxidation was insufficient to compensate for the loss of complex I activity in intact mitochondria. Together, these results indicate that the temperature-induced decrease in cardiac mitochondrial function coincides with the temperature at which trout aerobic scope peaks, and is largely due to impaired phosphorylation and complex I activity.
The Effect of a Multi-ingredient Supplement on Resistance Training–induced Adaptations
Authors: WAGEH MAI , FORTINO STEPHEN A. , MCGLORY CHRIS , KUMBHARE DINESH , PHILLIPS STUART M. , PARISE GIANNI 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Resistance exercise training (RET) induces muscle hypertrophy that, when combined with co-temporal protein ingestion, is enhanced. However, fewer studies have been conducted when RET is combined with multi-ingredient supplements.

Purpose
We aimed to determine the effect of a high-quality multi-ingredient nutritional supplement (SUPP) versus an isonitrogenous (lower protein quality), isoenergetic placebo (PL) on RET-induced gains in lean body mass (LBM), muscle thickness, and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA). We hypothesized that RET-induced gains in LBM and muscle CSA would be greater in SUPP versus PL.

Methods
In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 26 (13 male, 13 female) healthy young adults (mean ± SD, 22 ± 2 yr) were randomized to either the SUPP group (n = 13; 20 g whey protein, 2 g leucine, 2.5 g creatine monohydrate, 300 mg calcium citrate, 1000 IU vitamin D) or the PL group (n = 13; 20 g collagen peptides, 1.4 g alanine, 0.6 g glycine) groups, ingesting their respective supplements twice daily. Measurements were obtained before and after a 10-wk linear progressive RET program.

Results
Greater increases in LBM were observed for SUPP versus PL (SUPP: +4.1 ± 1.3 kg, PL: +2.8 ± 1.7 kg, P < 0.05). No additive effect of the supplement could be detected on vastus lateralis muscle CSA, but SUPP did result in increased biceps brachii muscle CSA and thickness (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
We conclude that when combined with RET, the consumption of SUPP increased LBM and upper-body CSA and thickness to a greater extent than to that observed in the PL group of healthy young adults.
A naturalistic, 24-week, open-label, add-on study of vortioxetine in bipolar depression
Authors: Siwek Marcin , Chrobak Adrian , Sołtys Zbigniew , Dudek Dominika , Krupa Anna , Rybakowski Janusz 
Published: March 2021

Cel pracySkuteczność wortioksetyny w leczeniu depresji jednobiegunowej oceniano w wielu badaniach, brakuje jednak prób weryfikujących skuteczność wortioksetyny w depresji w przebiegu choroby afektywnej dwubiegunowej (ChAD).MetodaW grupie 60 pacjentów z depresją w przebiegu ChAD do wcześniej stosowanego leczenia normotymicznego (LN) dołączano wortioksetynę w dawce 10-20 mg/d w ramach 24-tygodniowej naturalistycznej próby otwartej. Do najczęściej stosowanych LN należały lamotrygina, kwetiapina, olanzapina i sole kwasu walproinowego. Skuteczność terapii oceniano podskalami Poprawy i Ciężkości Skali Ogólnego Wrażenia Klinicznego (CGI-I i CGI-S). Pacjentów klasyfikowano jako osiągających odpowiedź na leczenie wortioksetyną, jeżeli uzyskali wynik 1 lub 2 punktów w skali CGI-I. Za kryterium remisji przyjęto osiągnięcie wyniku 1 w skali CGI-S.Wyniki73% pacjentów (44/60) osiągnęło odpowiedź na leczenie wortioksetyną, a 52% (31/60) spełniło kryteria remisji klinicznej objawów depresyjnych (po czasie: 8,97±4,05 tygodni). Nie obserwowano znamiennych zależności pomiędzy odsetkami odpowiedzi na leczenie/remisji w następstwie stosowania wortioksetyny i jej dawką, typem ChAD, stopniem zaawansowania klinicznego ChAD, występowania szybkiej zmiany faz, historii występowania objawów psychotycznych, wybranych analizowanych objawów epizodu depresyjnego lub przyjmowanego równocześnie LN. 4 uczestników (6,7%) zrezygnowało z kontynuacji terapii z powodu doświadczanych działań niepożądanych (nudności), a 7 (11,7%) przerwało stosowanie wortioksetyny z powodu zmiany fazy ChAD. U 14 pacjentów (23%) doszło do utraty efektu terapeutycznego wortioksetyny po wcześniejszym osiągnięciu odpowiedzi terapeutycznej lub remisji.WnioskiWyniki wskazują na stosunkowo wysokie odsetki odpowiedzi na leczenie i remisji w toku 24-tygodniowego leczenia depresji dwubiegunowej wortioksetyną w połączeniu z LN. Powyższe dane mogą świadczyć, że leczenie kombinowane wortioksetyną i LN stanowi skuteczną i dobrze tolerowaną formę terapii depresji w przebiegu ChAD.
The number of patients “worse than death” while waiting for a hip or knee arthroplasty has nearly doubled during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Clement Nick D. , Scott Chloe E. H. , Murray James R. D. , Howie Colin R. , Deehan David J. 
Published: March 2021

AimsThe aim of this study was to assess the quality of life of patients on the waiting list for a total hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (KA) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary aims were to assess whether length of time on the waiting list influenced quality of life and rate of deferral of surgery.MethodsDuring the study period (August and September 2020) 843 patients (THA n = 394, KA n = 449) from ten centres in the UK reported their EuroQol five dimension (EQ-5D) scores and completed a waiting list questionnaire (2020 group). Patient demographic details, procedure, and date when listed were recorded. Patients scoring less than zero for their EQ-5D score were defined to be in a health state “worse than death” (WTD). Data from a retrospective cohort (January 2014 to September 2017) were used as the control group.ResultsThe 2020 group had a significantly worse EQ-5D score compared to the control group for both THA (p < 0.001) and KA (p < 0.001). Over one-third (35.0%, n = 138/394) of patients waiting for a THA and nearly a quarter (22.3%, n = 100/449) for KA were in a health state WTD, which was significantly greater than the control group (odds ratio 2.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83 to 2.93) and 2.08 (95% CI 1.61 to 2.70), respectively; p < 0.001). Over 80% (n = 680/843) of the 2020 group felt that their quality of life had deteriorated while waiting. Each additional month spent on the waiting list was independently associated with a decrease in quality of life (EQ-5D: -0.0135, p = 0.004). There were 117 (13.9%) patients who wished to defer their surgery and the main reason for this was health concerns for themselves and or their family (99.1%, n = 116/117).ConclusionOver one-third of patients waiting for THA and nearly one-quarter waiting for a KA were in a state WTD, which was approaching double that observed prior to the pandemic. Increasing length of time on the waiting list was associated with decreasing quality of life.Level of evidence: Level III retrospective case control studyCite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):672–680.
Computational adaptive optics for polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Chaney Eric J. , Aksamitiene Edita , Marjanovic Marina , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: March 2021

Defocus aberration in optical systems, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems employing Gaussian illumination, gives rise to the well-known compromise between transverse resolution and depth-of-field. This results in blurry images when out-of-focus, whilst other low-order aberrations (e.g., astigmatism, coma, etc.) present in both the OCT system and biological samples further reduce image resolution and contrast. Computational adaptive optics (CAO) is a computed optical interferometric imaging technique that modifies the phase of the OCT data in the spatial frequency domain to correct optical aberrations and provide improvement of the image quality throughout the three-dimensional (3D) volume. In this Letter, we report the first implementation of CAO for polarization-sensitive OCT to correct defocus and other low-order aberrations, providing enhanced polarization-sensitive imaging contrast (i.e., intensity and phase retardation) on a 3D OCT phantom, molded plastics, ex vivo chicken breast tissue, and ex vivo human breast cancer tissue.
Developing the Pneumonia-Optimized Ratio for Community-acquired pneumonia: An easy, inexpensive and accurate prognostic biomarker
Authors: Cury Vinícius Ferraz , Antoniazzi Lucas Quadros , Oliveira Paulo Henrique Kranz de , Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Cunha Sainan Voss da , Frison Guilherme Cristianetti , Moretto Enrico Emerim , Seligman Renato 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is still a major public health problem. Prognostic scores at admission in tertiary services may improve early identification of severity and better allocation of resources, ultimately improving survival. Herein, we aimed at evaluating prognostic biomarkers of CAP and a Pneumonia-Optimized Ratio was created to improve prognostic performance.

Methods
In this retrospective study, all patients with suspected Community-acquired pneumonia aged 18 or older admitted to a public hospital from January 2019 to February 2020 were included in this study. Blood testing and clinical information at admission were collected, and the primary outcome was overall survival. CURB-65 scores and prognostic biomarkers were measured, namely Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Cell Ratio (NLCR), Platelet to Lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR). A Pneumonia-Optimized Ratio (POR) score was created by selecting the biomarker with larger accuracy (NLCR) and multiplying it by the patients’ CURB-65 score. Multivariate regression model was performed and ROC curves were created for each biomarker.

Results
Our sample consisted of 646 individuals (median 66 years [IQR, 18–103], 53.9% females) with complete blood testing at the time of admission. Patients scored 0–1 (323, 50%), 2 (187, 28.9%), or 3 or above (122, 18.9%) in the CURB-65, and 65 (10%) presented the primary outcome of death. POR exhibited the highest Area Under Curve (AUC) in the ROC analysis (AUC = 0.753), when compared with NLCR (AUC = 0.706), PLR (AUC = 0.630) and MLR (AUC = 0.627). POR and NLCR presented increased crude mortality rate in the fourth quartile in comparison with the first quartile, and the fourth quartile of NLCR had more days of hospitalization than the first quartile (11.06±15.96 vs. 7.02±8.39, p = 0.012).

Conclusion
The Pneumonia-Optimized Ratio in patients with CAP showed good prognostic performance of mortality at the admission of a tertiary service. The NLCR may also be used as an estimation of days of hospitalization. Prognostic biomarkers may provide important guidance to resource allocation in resource-limited settings.
A preliminary study of hepatocellular carcinoma post proton beam therapy using MRI as an early prediction of treatment effectiveness
Authors: Lin Shen-Yen , Chen Chien-Ming , Huang Bing-Shen , Lai Ying-Chieh , Pan Kuang-Tse , Lin Shi-Ming , Chu Sung-Yu , Tseng Jeng-Hwei 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
To demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for early prediction of proton beam therapy (PBT) effectiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
Clinical data of the HCC patients without regional lymph node involvement or distant metastasis who received PBT at this institution between 2014 and 2017 were reviewed. A total of 43 patients were included. Tumor regression pattern after PBT were examined on the basis of follow-up duration. The variables were compared between patients with and without early tumor regression (ETR).

Results
The median follow-up duration was 40 months (range, 9–62 months). The cumulative overall survival rate at 6 months, 1 years and 5 years was 100%, 88.4%, 63.4%, respectively. Child-Pugh class A, local tumor control (LTC), complete response (CR), and ETR were significantly associated with overall survival (p < 0.05 each). Of 43 patients, 25 patients (58.1%) reached CR in the PBT-irradiated region. Twelve patients (27.9%) had a partial response and 3 patients (7.0%) had a stationary disease. Three patients (7.0%) developed in-field progression. The LTC rate at 5 years was 93.0%. Of the 25 patients who achieved a CR in the PBT-irradiated region, the median time to CR was 5 months (range, 1–19 months). Twenty-two patients (51.2%) showed ETR of the HCC, while 21 patients (48.8%) showed non-ETR. A significant association was observed between ETR and CR of the HCC after PBT (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The post-PBT MRI follow-up at 3 months is helpful for monitoring therapeutic response. ETR of the HCC predicted a higher rate of CR and was associated with overall survival, which provides more accurate clinical management.
Non Linear Modelling and Control of Hydraulic Actuators
Authors: Šulc B. , Jan J. A. 
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with non-linear modelling and control of a differential hydraulic actuator. The nonlinear state space equations are derived from basic physical laws. They are more powerful than the transfer function in the case of linear models, and they allow the application of an object oriented approach in simulation programs. The effects of all friction forces (static, Coulomb and viscous) have been modelled, and many phenomena that are usually neglected are taken into account, e.g., the static term of friction, the leakage between the two chambers and external space. Proportional Differential (PD) and Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLC) have been applied in order to make a comparison by means of simulation. Simulation is performed using Matlab/Simulink, and some of the results are compared graphically. FLC is tuned in a such way that it produces a constant control signal close to its maximum (or minimum), where possible. In the case of PD control the occurrence of peaks cannot be avoided. These peaks produce a very high velocity that oversteps the allowed values.
A Comparison of Acoustic Field Measurement by a Microphone and by an Optical Interferometric Probe
Authors: Bálek R. , Šlegrová Z. 
Published: March 2021

The objective of this work is to show that our optical method for measuring acoustic pressure is in some way superior to measurement using a microphone. Measurement of the integral acoustic pressure in the air by a laser interferometric probe is compared with measurement using a microphone. We determined the particular harmonic components in the acoustic field in the case of relatively high acoustic power in the ultrasonic frequency range.
Concurrent Design of Railway Vehicles by Simulation Model Reuse
Authors: Valášek M. , Steinbauer P. , Kolář J. , Dvořák J. 
Published: March 2021

This paper describes a concurrent design approach to railway vehicle design. Current railway vehicles use many different concepts that are combined into the final design concept. The design support for such systems is based on reusing components from previous design cases. The key part of the railway vehicle design concept is its simulation model. Therefore the support is based on support for reuse of previous simulation models. The simulation models of different railway component concepts are stored using the methodology from the EU CLOCKWORK project. The new concept usually combines stored components.
Soft Modeling of Military Expenditure, Income Inequality, and Profit Rate, 1988–2008
Authors: Elveren Adem Yavuz , Taşıran Ali Cevat 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the nexus of military expenditure, income inequality, and profit rate, applying the non-parametric technique of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) to 21 countries for 1988–2008. The findings suggest that military expenditure has a positive effect on income inequality while income inequality has a positive impact on profit rate. In contrast, military expenditure has a (relatively small) positive effect on profit rate. However, these results change significantly once unobserved heterogeneity is considered. Accordingly, based on four segments, although the positive effect of income inequality on profit rate remains the same for each segment, for some segments, the effect of military expenditure on income inequality and profit rate become negative.
Functional logical semiotics of natural language
Authors: Odrowąż-Sypniewska Joanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the first part of my paper I briefly present Jerzy Pelc’s functional approach to logical semiotics of natural language. This approach focuses on the use of natural language expressions and on its dependence on context and conversational situation. One of the important goals of this analysis is to appreciate the role of sentences in natural language and stress that it is by means of sentences that language fulfills its main roles. However, for Pelc almost any expression can be used as a sentence, despite not being a grammatical sentence. In the second part I try to place Pelc’s standpoint within the framework of contemporary semantic minimalism – contextualism debate. I pay special attention to his treatment of subsentential expressions used to express propositions and argue that his view belongs to pragmatics-oriented approaches to subsentential speech acts.
Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy in Turkey and the effect of the sunlight: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yakar Burkay , Kaya Mehmet Onur 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives

vitamin D deficiency is a common and important problem during pregnancy. vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy can cause serious health problems for both mother and fetus. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature for studies that assessed vitamin D status during pregnancy in the Turkey and affects of the sunlight on Vitamin D deficiency.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focused on vitamin D deficiency among pregnancy. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Turkey citation index databases were searched between January 2010 and October 2019 was undertaken using keywords for ‘Vitamin D deficiency’ and ‘Pregnancy’ and ‘Turkey’ with English language restrictions imposed.

Results
A total of 66 studies were identified; 14 were included in the review. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy was 83%, including all studies regardless of time in Turkey. When evaluated seasonal period, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 73% in pregnant women in the sunny period, while it was 90% in the less sunny period.

Conclusions
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high in pregnancy and is a major public health problem in Turkey. Turkey specific strategies should be developed for reducing vitamin D deficiency prevalence by investigation of risk factors and protective factors of vitamin D deficiency.
Principales rasgos gramaticales del español de Honduras
Authors: Pato Enrique 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis work offers an in-depth description of the main morphosyntactic (and lexical) features found in present Honduran Spanish, a lesser-known Central American variety. Text corpora and sociolinguistic surveys help us to provide an updated grammatical overview, which takes into account most categories: nouns and adjectives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions and locutions, and illustrates with examples taken both from formal and informal settings. By comparing these features with previous grammatical descriptions, this study helps in identifying some common American features ―such as the use ofcon todo yand the pluralization of impersonalhaber― as well as some specific patterns ―such as the prominence of -adaand -ecosuffixes,algotropronoun and expletivelo― in present-day Honduran Spanish, some of which remain to be incorporated in the Academy grammar.
Ermittlung und Bewertung von Einsatzpotenzialen der Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration
Authors: Petzoldt Christoph , Keiser Dennis , Siesenis Henrik , Beinke Thies , Freitag Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAufgrund des starken Kostendrucks sowie der immer weiter steigenden Variantenvielfalt stellt die Kollaboration von Mensch und Roboter einen möglichen Lösungsvektor für weitere Flexibilisierungs- und Rationalisierungspotenziale in der Montage dar. Die gezielte Ermittlung und Bewertung von Einsatzpotenzialen bildet in der Praxis die Grundlage für den erfolgreichen Einsatz von kollaborativen Robotern. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Vorgehensmodell für die methodische Analyse des Einsatzes von kollaborativen Robotern in Montageszenarien vorgeschlagen und evaluiert.*)
Vereinfachung der Roboterintegration für KMU
Authors: Deckers Jana , Jaenicke Matthias , Ovtcharova Jivka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Die Nachfrage nach flexiblen robotikbetriebenen Bearbeitungszellen wächst als Reaktion auf den Fachkräftemangel. Jedoch ist die Integration dieser Systeme in die eigene Produktion sehr aufwändig. Aus diesem Grund wurde ein Framework entwickelt, welches eine durchgängige Prozesskette zwischen Planung und Ausführung sowie der automatisierten Integration von Sensordaten, insbesondere von 3D-Scans, ermöglicht. Validiert wurde das System durch dessen Einsatz als automatisierte Lösung für die Entgratung von Gussteilen.*)
Eine automatisierungsgerechte robuste Produktionsplanung
Authors: Brützel Oliver , Küppers Florian , Overbeck Leonard , Stricker Nicole , Verhaelen Bastian , Lanza Gisela 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Bedingt durch volatile und neue Rahmenbedingen wird es für Unternehmen wichtiger, ihre Wettbewerbsfähigkeit durch den effizienten Einsatz ihrer Ressourcen im globalen Produktionsnetzwerk abzusichern und verschiedene denkbare Entwicklungen zu berücksichtigen. Hierzu wird ein Verfahren entwickelt, das dies für ein Problem der integrierten Auftragsallokation und Netzwerkkonfiguration ermöglicht. Die Berücksichtigung von Auftragsunsicherheit im entwickelten Verfahren ist heuristisch und basiert auf einer Prognose zukünftig denkbarer Szenarien. Aufbauend auf den szenariospezifischen Lösungen eines linearen Optimierungssystems werden Entscheidungen identifiziert, die die Robustheit der Planung steigern. Diese Entscheidungen werden fixiert und in einem Anwendungsfall bezüglich der ursprünglichen, nicht robusten Planung in verschiedenen Szenarien bewertet.**
Mobiles Plug-In Labor
Authors: Schneider Benjamin , Schüle Stephan , Kürümlüoglu Mehmet , Riedel Oliver 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Das mobile Plug-In Labor demonstriert Technologien und methodische Ansätze aus dem Advanced Systems Engineering in einer mobilen Umgebung. Hiermit werden aktuelle Herausforderungen in Engineering und Produktion adressiert und ein optimiertes, digital durchgängiges, interdisziplinäres und agiles Entwickeln von komplexen Systems of Systems aufgezeigt. Das Labor stellt eine eigenständige Forschungsumgebung auf Basis des am Fraunhofer IAO entstehenden Cognitive Engineering and Production Labors dar.**