bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compilação dos inquéritos epidemiológicos em saúde bucal no Brasil de 1986 a 2015: Principais aspectos metodológicos
Authors: Checchi Maria Helena Ribeiro de , Tenani Carla Fabiana , Morais Fernanda Dandara Marques Gomes de , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro , Pereira Antonio Carlos 
Published: July 2021

Introdução: os inquéritos epidemiológicos em saúde bucal servem como subsídio de políticas públicas e, até o momento, não encontramos publicações sobre uma compilação de todos os importantes inquéritos realizados no Brasil. Objetivo: compilar todas as metodologias empregadas nos levantamentos epidemiológicos em saúde bucal realizados no Brasil entre os anos de 1986 a 2015. Métodos: compilação realizada a partir de buscas em livros, periódicos, artigos nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BBO e SCIELO, como também relatórios finais dos estudos. Os levantamentos epidemiológicos em saúde bucal realizados no Estado de São Paulo foram avaliados nos anos 1998, 2002 e 2015, além dos efetuados nos anos 1986, 1993, 1996, 2003 e 2010 com abrangência nacional. Resultados: compiladas as metodologias empregadas foram se modificando e ampliando o escopo dos problemas estudados. Há evidências de melhora na elaboração de processos de trabalho dos levantamentos epidemiológicos, principalmente no que se refere à abrangência da população pesquisada, calibração e aferição de resultados. Conclusão: os avanços nos critérios metodológicos de investigação podem ser atribuídos à força de políticas públicas em saúde bucal implementadas no Brasil nas últimas décadas. Além disso, verifica-se a constante participação de instituições acadêmicas, num crescente processo de interação do conhecimento científico com a prática.
Distúrbios do sono e fatores associados a transtornos psíquicos menores em indivíduos em tratamento oncológico
Authors: Dantas Bruna Matos Santos , Silva Maria Emília Cirqueira , Sampaio Lorena Moura de Assis , Araujo Lucas Souza Almeida de , Portugal Guthierre Almeida , Mercês Magno Conceição das , Miranda Aron José Brito de , Coelho Julita Maria Freitas 
Published: July 2021

O câncer constitui-se como umas das morbidades que mais assolam a população em todo o mundo e é a causa de morte de milhões de pessoas. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve por objetivo detectar associações entre distúrbios do sono e outros fatores aos Transtornos Psíquicos Menores (TPM) em indivíduos com câncer atendidos em uma clínica especializada no interior da Bahia, Brasil. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 205 indivíduos diagnosticados com algum tipo de câncer, que estavam sendo atendidos na Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia (UNACON), em que foi traçado o perfil sociodemográfico, de condição de saúde e estilo de vida dos participantes a partir de um formulário por meio de entrevista. O desfecho foi determinado conforme a presença do Transtorno Psíquico Menor (TPM). Foram obtidas frequências simples e relativas e a comparabilidade entre os grupos foi feita com o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5%. Houve o predomínio do sexo feminino, prevalência de TPM de 63,44% entre as mulheres (p=0,04), sedentarismo, baixa escolaridade, renda e presença de doença crônica instalada. O estudo demonstrou associação positiva e estatisticamente significante entre a insônia e o transtorno psíquico menor, além de outros fatores encontrados que se associam a ocorrência desses transtornos. Tal inquérito foi realizado entre indivíduos em tratamento antineoplásico, que pode ser considerado mais um fator para agravos físicos e psicológicos na vida dessas pessoas.
Distúrbios endocrinológicos na Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne: Um relato de caso
Authors: Bonilha Gabriela Sacuno , Ranzan Isabel Cristina , Pescador Marise Vilas Boas 
Published: July 2021

A Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) é uma doença hereditária, autossômica recessiva ligada ao X, acometendo, principalmente, o sexo masculino. Há o comprometimento muscular progressivo, começando pelos músculos proximais dos membros inferiores, depois ocorre redução da força muscular dos membros superiores e comprometimento dos músculos cardíacos e respiratórios, não existindo terapia curativa. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de um paciente com distrofia muscular de Duchenne, enfatizando os possíveis efeitos endocrinológicos que podem manifestar-se nessa patologia. A melhor medicação para o manejo da doença é o corticosteroide, o qual melhora a força muscular, prologando o tempo de marcha, preservando a função dos membros superiores, prevenindo escoliose, reduzindo progressão da cardiomiopatia e atrasando a necessidade de ventilação invasiva. No entanto, essa medicação oferece uma gama de efeitos adversos a esses pacientes, se fazendo necessário o atendimento endocrinológico, com os seguintes objetivos: monitorar o crescimento, desenvolvimento puberal, diagnosticar deficiências hormonais, fornecendo terapia de reposição quando necessário e prevenindo a ocorrência de crise adrenal.
Diagrama Entidade-Relacionamento: uma ferramenta para modelagem de dados conceituais em Engenharia de Software
Authors: Franck Kewry Mariobo , Pereira Robson Fernandes , Dantas Filho Jerônimo Vieira 
Published: July 2021

A modelagem de dados é o principal componente de informações conceituais do banco de dados, dentre as técnicas para essa modelagem, a entidade-relacionamento (ER) é abordada nesse trabalho. O objetivo do estudo é abordar as principais informações sobre o modelo entidade-relacionamento como ferramenta para modelagem de dados conceituais. O Modelo Entidade-Relacionamento, e principalmente o diagrama, é uma importante ferramenta durante o desenvolvimento de sistemas, principalmente aqueles mais complexos e difíceis de visualizar sem uma análise mais aprofundada. Além disso, é um modelo conceitual utilizado na Engenharia de Software para descrever as entidades envolvidas em um domínio de negócios, com seus atributos e como elas se relacionam entre si. De modo geral, representa de forma abstrata a estrutura que possuirá o banco de dados da aplicação. O banco de dados poderá conter várias outras entidades, tais como chaves e tabelas intermediárias, que podem fazer sentido no contexto de bases de dados relacionais.
Effects of Gender of Reciprocal Chromosomal Translocation on Blastocyst Formation and Pregnancy Outcome in Preimplantation Genetic Testing
Authors: Song Hui , Shi Hao , Yang En-tong , Bu Zhi-qin , Jin Zi-qi , Huo Ming-zhu , Zhang Yi-le 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of gender of reciprocal chromosomal translocation on blastocyst formation and pregnancy outcome in preimplantation genetic testing, including different parental ages.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study that enrolled 1034 couples undergoing preimplantation genetic testing-structural rearrangement on account of a carrier of reciprocal chromosomal translocation from the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2015 to December 2019. Group A represented 528 couples in which the man was the carrier of reciprocal translocation and group B represented 506 couples in which the woman was the carrier of reciprocal translocation. All patients were divided into two groups according to their age: female age&lt;35 and female age≥35. Furthermore, the differences in blastocyst condition and pregnancy outcome between male and female carriers in each group were further explored according to their father’s age.ResultsThe blastocyst formation rate of group A (55.3%) is higher than that of group B (50%) and the results were statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). The blastocyst formation rate of group A is higher than that of group B, no matter in young maternal age or in advanced maternal age (P&lt;0.05). The blastocyst formation rate in maternal age&lt;35y and paternal age&lt;30y in group A(57.1%) is higher than that of Group B(50%); Similarly, the blastocyst formation rate in maternal age≥35 and paternal age≥38y(66.7%) is higher than that of Group B(33.3%)(all P&lt;0.05). There was no difference in fertilization rate, aeuploidy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate between Group A and Group B.ConclusionWhen the carrier of reciprocal translocation is male, the blastocyst formation rate is higher than that of female carrier. While there is no significant difference between the two in terms of fertilization rate, aeuploidy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate.
Increased Proportion of CD226+ B Cells Is Associated With the Disease Activity and Prognosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Nakano Miki , Ayano Masahiro , Kushimoto Kazuo , Kawano Shotaro , Higashioka Kazuhiko , Inokuchi Shoichiro , Mitoma Hiroki , Kimoto Yasutaka , Akahoshi Mitsuteru , Ono Nobuyuki , Arinobu Yojiro , Akashi Koichi , Horiuchi Takahiko , Niiro Hiroaki 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundCD226, an activating receptor expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells, is also seen on B cells and CD226 polymorphism is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Because the specific roles of CD226+ B cells in SLE are still unknown, we investigated the association of CD226+ B cells with SLE.MethodsWe measured CD226 expression on B cells and its subsets using flow cytometry in 48 SLE patients and 24 healthy controls (HCs). We assessed the relationships between CD226+ B cells and SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and prognosis after 12 months.ResultsThe proportions of CD226+ cells in whole B cells and all its subsets were significantly higher in SLE patients than HCs. In SLE patients, the proportions of CD226+ B cells and CD226+ switched-memory (SM) B cells were significantly correlated with SLEDAI-2K scores and anti-dsDNA antibody titers, and negatively correlated with serum complement levels. Moreover, basal percentages of CD226+ B cells and CD226+ SM B cells were low in patients who were in Lupus Low Disease Activity State after 12 months. In patients with renal involvement, the proportion of CD226+ B cells increased. Additionally, the proportion of CD226+ B cells was higher in patients who were not in complete renal remission after 12 months.ConclusionsIncreased proportion of CD226+ B cells was associated with disease activity and prognosis of SLE. CD226+ B cells may be a useful biomarker for the management of SLE.
The Validity of the Single-Leg Heel Raise Test in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mañago Mark M. , Kline Paul W. , Harris-Love Michael O. , Christiansen Cory L. 
Published: July 2021

Background: The single-leg heel raise test is a common clinical assessment; however, little is known about its validity in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study investigated the validity of the single-leg heel raise test in a group of people with MS and a healthy control group (CTL).Materials and Methods: Twenty-one people with MS (49 ± 12 years, Expanded Disability Status Scale 1.5–5.5) and 10 healthy controls (48 ± 12 years) performed the single-leg heel raise test, ankle plantarflexion isometric strength assessment using electromechanical dynamometry, and mobility measures (Timed 25-Foot Walk, 2-Min Walk Test, Functional Stair Test).Results: Convergent validity between the heel raise test and strength was moderate for participants with MS completing &lt;20 heel raises (r = 0.63, p = 0.001) but weak for the entire sample (r = 0.30, p = 0.020). Compared to the average CTL group values, the heel raise test differentiated between groups on the MS groups' weaker (p &lt; 0.001) and stronger (p = 0.003) limbs, while strength only differentiated between groups on the weaker limb (p = 0.010). Considering the weaker and strong limbs from the MS group and the CTL group average values, the mobility measures had moderate-to-strong correlations with the heel raise test on the weaker MS limb + CTL (r = 0.71–0.78) and stronger MS limb + CTL (r = 0.62–0.70), and weak-to-moderate correlations with strength on the weaker MS limb + CTL (r = 0.49–0.58, p = 0.001–0.007).Discussion: In people with MS, the single-leg heel raise test may be clinically useful as it identified impaired muscle performance and differentiated muscle performance from a healthy control group and, together with the control group, correlated with functional mobility.
Altered Functional Brain Network in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Without Overt Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Based on Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Multivariate Pattern Analysis
Authors: Wang Yiling , Jiang Muliang , Huang Lixuan , Meng Xia , Li Shu , Pang Xiaoqi , Zeng Zisan 
Published: July 2021

Objective: This study aims to investigate the alterations in functional brain network in systemic lupus erythematosus patients without overt neuropsychiatric symptoms [neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (non-NPSLE)] from the perspective of degree centrality (DC) and functional connectivity (FC) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) approach.Methods: DC analysis was performed based on the resting-state functional MRI data derived from 47 non-NPSLE patients and 47 healthy controls (HCs). Nodes with abnormal DC were utilized as seeds for further FC analysis. The correlation between MRI variables and clinical or neuropsychological data was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Finally, MVPA classification based on DC was performed.Results: When compared with the HCs, the non-NPSLE patients exhibited remarkably higher DC in the bilateral hippocampus (HIP), right insula (INS), and lower DC in the left superior parietal gyrus. Furthermore, the patients displayed significantly higher FC between the left HIP and the left INS/left dorsolateral middle frontal gyrus/left supramarginal gyrus and higher FC between the right HIP and the right middle temporal gyrus/right dorsolateral middle frontal gyrus/right dorsolateral inferior frontal gyrus/right supramarginal gyrus (all imaging variables mentioned earlier underwent cluster-level false discovery rate corrections, the voxel threshold was p &lt; 0.001, cluster threshold was p &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significantly negative correlations between DC values of the right INS and disease activity and the DC values of the right HIP and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of MVPA classification based on DC were 72.34, 63.83, and 80.85%, respectively. The most discriminative power brain regions were chiefly located within the temporal, parietal, and frontal regions.Conclusion: Patients with non-NPSLE exhibited abnormal DC and FC in the brain network. MVPA based on DC possessed commendable classification ability. Our study may provide a novel perspective on the neuropathological mechanisms underlying subclinical brain damage in non-NPSLE.
Research Progress on the Correlation Between Epigenetics and Schizophrenia
Authors: Chen Qing , Li Dan , Jin Weifeng , Shi Yun , Li Zhenhua , Ma Peijun , Sun Jiaqi , Chen Shuzi , Li Ping , Lin Ping 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the ReviewNowadays, the incidence of schizophrenia is noticeably increased. If left undiagnosed and untreated, it will lead to impaired social functions, repeated hospital admissions, decline in quality of life and life expectancy. However, the diagnosis of schizophrenia is complicated and challenging. Both genetic and environmental factors are considered as important contributors to the development and progression of this disorder. The environmental factors have been linked to changes in gene expression through epigenetic modulations, which have raised more and more research interests in recent years. This review article is to summarize the current findings and understanding of epigenetic modulation associated with pathogenesis of schizophrenia, aiming to provide useful information for further research in developing biomarkers for schizophrenia.Recent FindingsThree major types of epigenetic modulations have been described in this article. Firstly, both DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylated have been associated with schizophrenia via analyzing post-mortem brain tissues and peripheral blood of patients. Specific changes of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and long-chain non-coding RNAs, have been observed in central and peripheral samples of schizophrenia patients, indicating their significant diagnostic value for the disease, and may also potentially predict treatment response. The correlation between histone modification and schizophrenia, however, is largely unclear.SummaryEpigenetic modulations, including DNA methylation, ncRNA transcriptional regulation and histone modification, play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Therefore, tests of these epigenetic alterations may be utilized to assist in the diagnosis and determination of strategies of individualized treatment in clinical practice.
Optimal Cut-Off Values of the Positive Lymph Node Ratio and the Number of Removed Nodes for Patients Receiving Resection of Bronchopulmonary Carcinoids: A Propensity Score-Weighted Analysis of the SEER Database
Authors: Chen Qichen , Li Mingxia , Wang Pan , Chen Jinghua , Zhao Hong , Zhao Jun 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAlthough lymph node dissection (LND) has been commonly used for patients with bronchopulmonary carcinoids (PCs), the prognostic values of the positive lymph node ratio (PLNR) and the number of removed nodes (NRN) remain unclear.MethodsPatients with resected PCs were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010–2015). The optimal cut-off values of the PLNR and NRN were determined by X-tile. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to reduce the selection bias. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients in different PLNR and NRN groups.ResultsThe study included 1622 patients. The optimal cut-off values of the PLNR and NRN for survival were 13% and 13, respectively. In both Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis before IPTW, a PLNR ≥13% was significantly associated with worse OS (HR = 3.364, P&lt;0.001) and worse CSS (HR = 7.874, P&lt;0.001). These findings were corroborated by the IPTW-adjusted Cox analysis OS (HR = 2.358, P = 0.0275) and CSS (HR = 8.190, P&lt;0.001) results. An NRN ≥13 was not significantly associated with worse OS in either the Kaplan-Meier or Cox analysis before or after IPTW adjustment. In the Cox proportional hazards analysis before and after IPTW adjustment, an NRN ≥13 was significantly associated with worse CSS (non-IPTW: HR = 2.216, P=0.013; IPTW-adjusted: HR = 2.162, P=0.024).ConclusionA PLNR ≥13% could predict worse OS and CSS in patients with PCs and might be an important complement to the present PC staging system. Extensive LND with an NRN ≥13 might have no therapeutic value for OS and may even have an adverse influence on CSS. Its application should be considered on an individual basis.
Interactions Between Adiponectin-Pathway Polymorphisms and Obesity on Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Among African American Women: The WHI SHARe Study
Authors: Nam Gina E. , Zhang Zuo-Feng , Rao Jianyu , Zhou Hua , Jung Su Yon 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundA decreased level of serum adiponectin is associated with obesity and an increased risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women. Yet, the interplay between genetic variants associated with adiponectin phenotype, obesity, and breast cancer risk is unclear in African American (AA) women.MethodsWe examined 32 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified in genome-wide association and replication studies of serum adiponectin levels using data from 7,991 AA postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative SNP Health Association Resource.ResultsStratifying by obesity status, we identified 18 adiponectin-related SNPs that were associated with breast cancer risk. Among women with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, the minor TT genotype of FER rs10447248 had an elevated breast cancer risk. Interaction was observed between obesity and the CT genotype of ADIPOQ rs6773957 on the additive scale for breast cancer risk (relative excess risk due to interaction, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.32–0.92). The joint effect of BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and the TC genotype of OR8S1 rs11168618 was larger than the sum of the independent effects on breast cancer risk.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that obesity plays a significant role as an effect modifier in an increased effect of the SNPs on breast cancer risk using one of the most extensive data on postmenopausal AA women.ImpactThe results suggest the potential use of adiponectin genetic variants as obesity-associated biomarkers for informing AA women who are at greater risk for breast cancer and also for promoting behavioral interventions, such as weight control, to those with risk genotypes.
Glycoproteins From Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx Regulate Macrophage Polarization and Alleviate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice via TLR4/NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Ren An-qi , Wang Hui-jun , Zhu Hai-yan , Ye Guan , Li Kun , Chen Dao-feng , Zeng Tao , Li Hong 
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims:Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for various inflammatory diseases. This present work aimed to investigate the protective effects of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx glycoproteins on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and the potential mechanism.Methods: Glycoproteins (XPS) were isolated from R. japonica var. glaucocalyx, and homogeneous glycoprotein (XPS5-1) was purified from XPS. ANA-1 cells were used to observe the effect of glycoproteins on the secretion of inflammatory mediators by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry assay, immunofluorescence assay, and Western blot analysis were performed to detect macrophage polarization in vitro. The ALI model was induced by LPS via intratracheal instillation, and XPS (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically 2 h later. The mechanisms of XPS against ALI were investigated by Western blot, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry.Results:In vitro, XPS and XPS5-1 downregulated LPS-induced proinflammatory mediators production including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO) and upregulated LPS-induced IL-10 secretion. The LPS-stimulated macrophage polarization was also modulated from M1 to M2. In vivo, XPS maintained pulmonary histology with significantly reducing protein concentration and numbers of mononuclear cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The level of IL-10 in BALF was upregulated by XPS treatment. The level of cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was downregulated. XPS also decreased infiltration of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in lung. XPS suppressed the expression of key proteins in the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway.Conclusion: XPS was demonstrated to be a potential agent for treating ALI. Our findings might provide evidence supporting the traditional application of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx in inflammation-linked diseases.