bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Ibu Hamil dengan Covid-19 dan Luaran Persalinannya di Rumah Sakit Kasih Ibu Surakarta
Authors: Amorita Nabila Arnest , Syahriarti Ira 
Published: May 2021

Background: Kasih Ibu Hospital as one of the referral hospitals for COVID-19 in Surakarta City, Central Java, had treated 1333 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including among them obstetric patients with COVID-19. Pregnant women are considered to be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than those who are not pregnant and it is feared that it will result in unfavorable conditions for both mother and fetus. Until now, research on pregnant women with COVID-19 in Indonesia is still very few and limited.Objective: To provide an overview of the characteristics of maternal and neonatal outcomes at the Kasih Ibu Hospital Surakarta.Method: Data were collected from medical records of pregnant women confirmed with COVID-19 who gave birth at the Kasih Ibu Hospital, Surakarta. Data was presented in the form of a distribution based on maternal age, parity, gestational age, complication of delivery, typical complaints of COVID-19 in mothers, birth weight of infant, infant APGAR score, and infant COVID-19 status.Results and Discussion: A total of 62 pregnant women confirmed with COVID-19 gave birth at the Kasih Ibu Hospital Surakarta by sectio caesarean procedure. Of all pregnant women, most were asymptomatic and had mild symptoms, only 3.2% had moderate symptoms and no severe or critical symptoms were found. Out of 20 out of 62 babies born (32%) confirmed with COVID-19. All babies were born with good APGAR score and 4 babies were found with low birth weight, one of whom also had hypospadias.Conclusions: Further research is needed regarding the maternal-fetal transmission of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19; neonates; pregnancy
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring Ketidakseimbangan Beban Transformator Distribusi Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Zebua Osea , Komalasari Endah , Alam Syaiful , Aldiansyah Aldiansyah 
Published: May 2021

Intisari — Kerusakan transformator distribusi sering disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan beban, sehingga monitoring ketidakseimbangan beban transfornator distribusi perlu dilakukan. Letak dan lokasi transformator distribusi yang jauh dan tersebar mengharuskan monitoring harus dilakukan dari jarak jauh. Teknologi internet of things (IoT) dan komunikasi tanpa kabel mendukung monitoring dari jarak jauh. Makalah ini menyajikan perancangan dan pembuatan alat monitoring ketidakseimbangan beban transformator distribusi menggunakan teknologi IoT. Mikrokontroler Arduino digunakan untuk memproses data tegangan dan arus dari sensor, menghitung indikator ketidakseimbangan beban dan mengirim data hasil proses ke jaringan internet menggunakan Ethernet shield dan router yang diperlengkapi dengan modem. Thingspeak digunakan sebagai platform IoT. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa peralatan monitoring mampu bekerja dengan baik sehingga kondisi ketidakseimbangan beban transformator distribusi dapat dimonitor secara online dari jarak jauh menggunakan perangkat yang terhubung ke jaringan internet.
Kata kunci — Monitoring, Ketidakseimbangan Beban, Transformator Distribusi, Internet of things.

Abstract — Damage to the distribution transformer is often caused by unbalanced load, so it is necessary to monitor the unbalanced load condition of the distribution transformer. The remote and dispersed location of distribution transformers requires remote monitoring. Internet of things (IoT) technology and wireless communication support remote monitoring. This paper presents the design and manufacture of distribution transformer unbalanced load monitoring tools using IoT technology. The Arduino microcontroller is used to process voltage and current data from sensors, calculate unbalanced load indicators and send process data to the internet network using an Ethernet shield and a router equipped with a modem. Thingspeak is used as an IoT platform. The test results show that the monitoring equipment can work properly so that the distribution transformer unbalanced load conditions can be monitored online remotely using a device connected to the internet network.
Keywords— Monitoring, Unbalanced Load, Distribution Transformer, Internet of Things.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors in Indole Derivative Treated Mice: Neuropharmacological Perspectives
Authors: Andreeva-Gateva P. , Tchekalarova J. , Kamenova K. , Strokova-Stoilova M. , Chakar S. , Hadjiolova R. , Angelova V. T. , Surcheva Sl. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Aim/objective. When applied in pharmacological doses, the indole derivative melatonin exhibits neuroactive and neuroprotective effects. Indoles and their metabolites, such as kynurenine, are ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR). This study aimed to evaluate the antiepileptic and analgesic activity of melatonin and two synthetic melatonin derivatives. The possible involvement of AhR and kynurenine in their neuropharmacological effects were also tested.

Methods. The tested substances were: melatonin, two melatonin derivatives bearing aryl hydrocarbon moiety with either furyl or thienyl substitute (3e and 3f), and alpha naphthoflavone (ANF), an antagonist of AhR. After intraperitoneal injection of 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg of the tested agents for seven days, male mice ICR (25-30 g) were subjected to a corneal kindling seizure model. Two tests for analgesia, i.e., the hot plate test and the formalin test, were also applied. AhR and kynurenine concentrations were evaluated in brain homogenates.

Results. Substances 3e and 3f demonstrated an antiepileptic activity comparable to that of melatonin. Some analgesic activity was also shown, albeit lower than that of melatonin in equivalent doses. For melatonin and 3f treated mice, dose-dependent increases in AhR and kynurenine levels in brain homogenates were recorded. The antagonist ANF neither blocks the antiseizure activity of the tested indoles, nor demonstrated analgesic activity.

Conclusion. Melatonin and the two tested melatonin-aroylhydrazone derivatives bearing either furyl or thienyl substitute exhibit antiepileptic and analgesic activity. Our results did not support the involvement of AhR in the demonstrated neurobiological activity. Further studies are needed to elucidate their exact molecular mechanisms.
Age-Related Dynamics in Post-Vaccine Antibody Immune Response to Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoid in Bulgarian Subjects
Authors: Lesichkova S. , Mihailova S. , Mihaylova A. , Gesheva N. , Yankova P. , Naumova E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the age-related dynamics in post-vaccine humoral immunity to diphtheria (DT) and tetanus (TT) toxoids in the Bulgarian population. In addition, we attempted to correlate the titers of specific antibodies with the predisposition to more common infectious pathology among our study participants. The 208 individuals tested were divided into five age groups: 0-4, 4-6, 6-12, 12-17 and 17-66 years, based on the vaccines received according to the immunization schedule in Bulgaria. Vaccine response was determined by measuring the concentrations of specific IgG antibodies using commercial ELISA kits. Sufficient protective levels of diphtheria (> 0.1 IU/mL) and tetanus (> 0.15 IU/mL) antitoxin were detected in 63.5% and 85.1% of all subjects, respectively. The highest rates of protection against both TT (94.3%) and DT (79.2%) were observed in the youngest age group (0-4 years). We also observed a relatively high rate of insufficient protection (< 0.1 IU/ml) against diphtheria (36% of individuals tested across all age groups) in comparison to tetanus (14.9% of all subjects). The rate of insufficient protection against both antigens was higher among children with frequent infections. Moreover, 77.1% of the individuals having low antibody titers against the highly immunogenic tetanus toxoid, also had low levels of diphtheria antibodies. The level of seroprotection is better for tetanus than for diphtheria toxoid at any age. In conclusion, our data provide information on the level of immunity to diphtheria and tetanus among vaccinated individuals in Bulgaria and allows for the identification of persons suspected of having an immune deficiency. Additional investigations are needed in order to provide reliable recommendations for the national vaccine program and personalized vaccinations.
Frequency of Pelvic Lymphatic Metastases in Patients with Cervical Cancer – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chupryna E. , Ganovska A. , Kovachev S. , Gytsova S. , Stoicheva A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Introduction and objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pelvic lymph metastases in cervical cancer, depending on the biology of the tumor and the new changes in the staging.

Material and methods: A retrospective database analysis involving 85 patients with cervical carcinoma for a 5-year period was performed. Various factors were analyzed for the purpose of the study.

Results: In 20% of our patients lymph metastases were found with more frequent locus in the right lymph chains. The average number of metastases was equal to or greater than 2. Moderately differentiated cervical carcinomas metastasized most commonly. The most frequent were metastases in squamous cell carcinoma and in Stage 2B under the TNM classification. After changes in FIGO’s classification the presence of positive lymph nodes defined the disease as III stage.

Conclusion: Our study confirms that cervical carcinoma metastasizes in the pelvic lymph nodes before it reaches the para-aortic lymph nodes.
The authorship of the Second Military Survey of Galicia and Austrian Silesia at the scale 1:28,800 and the consistency of sheet content based on selected examples
Authors: Ostafin Krzysztof , Kaim Dominik , Troll Mateusz , Maciejowski Wojciech 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The aim of this article is to expand the understanding of the history of cartography of the lands of southern Poland under Austrian rule in the nineteenth century. The Austrian Second Military Survey, at the scale 1:28,800, was produced for the province of Galicia between 1861 and 1864 and for Austrian Silesia between 1838 and 1841. In Galicia, work on 413 sheets was led by thirteen cartographers, and the content and descriptions were prepared by 106 cartographic technicians. On the 42 sheets of the Silesia maps, two directors and 11 technicians were recorded. The military cartographers who prepared the survey of the two provinces belonged to 71 multinational units of the army of the Austrian Empire. Work with nineteenth-century maps is fraught with uncertainty about the consistency of the series, which may be reflected in the content of the maps. The consistency of map content was tested on sheets covering the Polish Carpathians for two types of features: linear (roads) and area (forests). Expanding the understanding of these maps may contribute to reducing uncertainty in their use for various environmental and socio-economic analyses.
Relating Land-Use Change to Soil Properties in a Seeley’s Bay Silt-Loam Soil: A Critical Role for Sustainable Soil Management
Authors: Lightle Maddy , Ong Vanessa 
Published: May 2021

Soils are highly complex systems where the intersection of physical, chemical, and biological properties provides ecosystem services critical to society. In this study, we explore the impacts of land-use change and management on soil properties from a Seeley’s Bay silt-loam soil, northeast of Kingston, Ontario. These soils are characteristically fertile, used to produce corn, grains, hay, and soybeans. The study sites include a control site with no known history of cultivation (Forest 1) and two farms using different crop-rotation systems. Farm 1 uses minimal tillage and chemical fertilizer in a “traditional” corn-soybean-hay rotation – there is a history of extensive tillage. Farm 2 employs minimal to no-till practices and a more complex rotation. Barley, a short-term cover crop, helps to conserve nutrients, and alfalfa helps to build soil nitrogen supply. Only manure is used as a fertilizer in this system. We measured differences across the farms in: bulk density, pH, soil-water content and water-holding capacity, particle size distribution, soil colour, organic matter content, and microbial activity. Our results show that forest conversion to agriculture leads to a loss of soil organic matter, reduced pH, and increased surface sand content. We also found significant differences attributable to management. Soil bulk density and organic matter were lower at Farm 1 than Farm 2, likely due to tillage impacting soil structure and decreased soil-carbon availability to microorganisms. Our findings suggest an important role for the development of more sustainable soil management techniques that maintain, if not enhance, the quality of our finite soil resources.
The Vosper Fonds: Exploring Glass Plate Negatives and Kingston Photography at the turn of the 20th Century
Authors: Baptista Jessica 
Published: May 2021

When 250 glass plate negatives were donated to the Historical Society of Kingston and then to the University Archives, the only information available regarding the photographs included the donor’s name and the Frontenac Club as the location where they were found. The photographer’s identity, the location of the photographer’s studio (if he or she owned one) and why these photographs were taken remain a mystery. From the research gathered and conducted at the Queen’s University Archives, it is possible to impose a history upon the glass plates. The lack of contextual information allows creative investigation to occur and also allows for future historians to learn how to expand upon the research of others. More importantly the glass plate negatives represent an aspect of the local and cultural history of Kingston. While local history is often criticized as obscure and irrelevant to the larger cultural narrative of a people’s history, these glass plates offer future historians the opportunity to re-evaluate the importance of social history and its role in creating a cultural identity.
Golden Expectations: Corporate Social Responsibility and Governance in South Africa's Mining Industry
Authors: Orr David 
Published: May 2021

South Africa has the strictest corporate social responsibility (CSR) legislation in Africa, requiring mining firms to comply with stringent requirements in order to secure and retain their mining licenses. This presentation explores how firms have responded to the complex network of governance initiatives that exist to encourage mining firms to engage with communities through CSR. However, mining companies operating in South Africa face three distinct challenges. The rise of a second mining union has caused unrest among mine workers; second, South African gold and platinum mines face low mine life expectancies; third, the commodity slump has left mining companies hurting with razor-thin profit margins and diminished capital expenditure opportunities. Yet despite these three challenges, firms continue to operate in the South African sphere and moreover, match and often exceed the CSR obligations demanded by the state to redress the inequalities of apartheid. This is a scholarly and policy-oriented puzzle, for if one imagines a corporation to be a rational, profit-seeking entity, then it would be natural for the company to meet the CSR legislation in order to retain their license to operate in South Africa, but it is unexpected that a firm would exceed it. Understanding this phenomenon forms the crux of this investigation and will facilitate a stronger understanding of how mining firms operating in South Africa have responded to the legislated CSR norms and the effect that they have had on both their governance strategies and their engagement/identities with the state and civil society. The presentation will also include the results of my interviews with stakeholders undertaken in South Africa between January and February 2016.
Characteristics of Early Analgesia in Adults Presenting with Acute Trauma to a Level 1 Trauma Centre
Authors: Petrie Casey 
Published: May 2021

Background: Acute pain is one of the most common symptoms experienced by patients following trauma, yet under two-thirds receive analgesic medication when presenting to the emergency department. Although this may be a result of physician concern about masking symptoms or exacerbating hemodynamic instability, it is unclear if there are any patient or injury features associated with oligoanalgesia. Our study looks to examine the characteristics of analgesic administration to trauma patients in the ED of a level 1 trauma center.Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 300 sequential patients requiring trauma team activation at our level 1 trauma center. We included patients that were 18 or older and who had a complete record of their visit. We recorded details of any analgesic medication that was delivered within 120 minutes of their presentation to the ED.Results: 346 charts were reviewed, 46 were excluded due to incomplete data or age <18. 69% of patients received some form of early analgesia. The most frequently administered medication was fentanyl. Patients were more likely to receive analgesia with an ISS > 15 than those with an ISS of 15 or lower. The higher a patient’s GCS on arrival, the more likely they were to receive analgesia, and the longer they would need to wait for first administration.Conclusions: Trauma patients with severe injuries were more likely to receive analgesia in the ED. While patients with higher GCS were more likely to receive analgesia, they would also wait longer for it to be administered.
Disentangling the Speciation of Crowned-Sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla and Z. leucophrys)
Authors: Bramwell Ashley 
Published: May 2021

The question of how species arise is fundamental to evolutionary biology and our understanding of every known species’ origins. If speciation occurs too slowly to study in real time, we can look for traces of an organism’s evolutionary past in their DNA. Evolutionary trees can then be used to visualize relationships between species. However, the arrangement of these trees’ branches can be called into question when genes evolve along seemingly different trajectories. Although this can occur for any number of reasons, two processes are particularly challenging to tease apart; when different species mate to produce hybrid individuals, vs. when ancestral genes haven’t finished sorting into descendant lineages. At least one of these two processes is believed to be responsible for the close-relatedness of white-crowned (Zonotrichia leucophrys) and golden-crowned (Z. atricapilla) sparrows. Despite having distinct plumages, songs, and behaviours, they can often be nearly impossible to distinguish genetically. It’s even been suggested that their DNA sequences are so undifferentiated that they could easily be mistaken for a single species. Is this due to hybridization, or have their genes not had enough time to sort themselves appropriately? I concluded that both of these were important in shaping relationships within and between white- and golden-crowned sparrows. I also found strong support for their statuses are true species. Given the importance of Zonotrichia sparrows as model organisms, these results could be used to draw widely applicable conclusions about the history of other organisms, and contribute to a greater overall understanding of avian evolution.
La représentation de la mort dans L’Écume des jours
Authors: Dawan Neal 
Published: May 2021

Boris Vian n’aurait pas pu choisir un titre plus approprié pour son roman L’Écume des jours, écrit en 1947. Ce roman, c’est en effet l’histoire de la vie de Colin, vie dont les jours s’enchainent et se ponctuent peu à peu de malheurs puis finissent par la mort inévitable du protagoniste. Colin vit à Paris après la Seconde Guerre mondiale : c’est un homme riche, célibataire et apparemment heureux qui mène une vie simple. Après avoir découvert que son meilleur ami, Chick, avait trouvé une petite amie, Colin tombe également amoureux d’une jeune fille prénommée Chloé lors d’une fête organisée par un de ses amis. Mais très vite Chloé tombe malade à cause d’un nénufar qui pousse dans un de ses poumons : le seul remède est la couvrir de fleurs, alors Colin se ruine pour les lui offrir et sauver son amour. Je propose de présenter l’analyse littéraire de ce roman à partir de la manière dont Boris Vian utilise un processus de décomposition dans le monde des personnages principaux, Colin et Chloé, pour représenter la présence de la mort dans le roman. Je vais tout d’abord me concentrer sur les indices du texte qui dévoilent la dégradation physique de Chloé. Ensuite, j’examinerai la détérioration de la vie de Colin au niveau émotionnel. Finalement, je discuterai de la manière dont l’appartement de Colin matérialise la maladie de Chloé dans l’espace et la façon dont il se transforme.
Expanding the Scope of Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution with a Nitrile Anion
Authors: Tom Mai-Jan 
Published: May 2021

In chemistry, a pair of molecules that have the same connectivity, but are non-superimposable mirror images, much like the human hand, are called enantiomers. In nature, enzymes are able to catalyze the selective synthesis of one of these forms. However, in the laboratory, we currently rely on metal-catalysts to fulfill this role. The efficiency and side effects of a drug can be drastically changed depending on which enantiomer is present. As a result, the pharmaceutical industry is interested in the selective synthesis of one enantiomer of a drug over the other. Furthermore, crucial drugs in the pharmaceutical industry contain a nitrile functional group (-C≡N), which are largely found on aromatic or fully-substituted carbons to prevent the release of toxic cyanide. This research involves the use of a chiral rhodium catalyst to direct the formation of one enantiomer over another in the synthesis of fully-substituted nitriles. Hence, the synthetic utility of this reaction is especially beneficial to the pharmaceutical industry. For example, one of the top 200 drugs in 2015, verapamil, is a nitrile containing compound. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker prescribed to treat high blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels to allow for easier blood flow. The presentation will describe the development and evaluation of the scope of this novel reaction and our efforts to develop a synthesis of (S)-verapamil.