bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptomatic fever management in children: A systematic review of national and international guidelines
Authors: Green Cari , Krafft Hanno , Guyatt Gordon , Martin David 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionDivergent attitudes towards fever have led to a high level of inconsistency in approaches to its management. In an attempt to overcome this, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the symptomatic management of fever in children have been produced by several healthcare organizations. To date, a comprehensive assessment of the evidence level of the recommendations made in these CPGs has not been carried out.MethodsSearches were conducted on Pubmed, google scholar, pediatric society websites and guideline databases to locate CPGs from each country (with date coverage from January 1995 to September 2020). Rather than assessing overall guideline quality, the level of evidence for each recommendation was evaluated according to criteria of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM). A GRADE assessment was undertaken to assess the body of evidence related to a single question: the threshold for initiating antipyresis. Methods and results are reported according to the PRISMA statement.Results74 guidelines were retrieved. Recommendations for antipyretic threshold, type and dose; ambient temperature; dress/covering; activity; fluids; nutrition; proctoclysis; external applications; complementary/herbal recommendations; media; and age-related treatment differences all varied widely. OCEBM evidence levels for most recommendations were low (Level 3–4) or indeterminable. The GRADE assessment revealed a very low level of evidence for a threshold for antipyresis.ConclusionThere is no recommendation on which all guidelines agree, and many are inconsistent with the evidence–this is true even for recent guidelines. The threshold question is of fundamental importance and has not yet been answered. Guidelines for the most frequent intervention (antipyresis) remain problematic.
Object, Reduction, and Emergence: An Object-Oriented View
Authors: Young Niki 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) is a contemporary form of realism concerned with the investigation of “objects” broadly construed. It may be characterised in terms of a metaphysical pluralism to the extent that it recognises infinitely many different kinds of emergent entities, and this fact in turn leads to a number of questions concerning the nature of objects and emergence in OOO: what is the precise meaning of an emergent entity in OOO? How has emergence been denied throughout the history of Western thought? Is there a specific object-oriented account of emergence? What is the causal mechanism which provides the conditions of possibility for the generation of emergent entities? In this article, I aim to answer all these questions by constructing the first extensive account of real emergence in the context of Object-Oriented Ontology, and I also seek to tie this analysis to the notion of “vicarious” or indirect causation.
Recent reports on Pyridoxal derived Schiff base complexes
Authors: Gupta Samik 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pyridoxal and Pyridoxal 5-phosphate are two among the six aqua soluble vitamers of vitamin B6. They can form Schiff bases readily due to the presence of aldehyde group. Schiff bases can offer diverse coordination possibilities for many transition metals as has been found in a large volume of research till now. The coordination complexes thus formed gives insight into the active core structure and enzymatic activities of vit B6 containing enzymes. Apart from that, these complexes have been found useful as catalysts for synthesis of fine chemicals, as sensors and for their diverse biological activities.
Modulations of Depth Responses in the Human Brain by Object Context: Does Biological Relevance Matter?
Authors: Chou Idy W. Y. , Ban Hiroshi , Chang Dorita H. F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDepth sensitivity has been shown to be modulated by object context (plausibility). It is possible that it is behavioral relevance rather than object plausibility per se which drives this effect. Here, we manipulated the biological relevance of objects (face or a non-face) and tested whether object relevance affects behavioral sensitivity and neural responses to depth-position. In a first experiment, we presented human observers with disparity-defined faces and non-faces, and observers were asked to judge the depth position of the target under signal-noise and clear (fine) task conditions. In the second experiment, we concurrently measured behavioral and fMRI responses to depth. We found that behavioral performance varied across stimulus conditions such that they were significantly worse for the upright face than the inverted face and the random shape in the signal-to-noise (SNR) task, but worse for the random shape than the upright face in the feature task. Pattern analysis of fMRI responses revealed that activity of fusiform face area (FFA) was distinctly different during depth judgments of the upright face versus the other two stimuli, with its responses (and to a stronger extent, those of V3) appearing functionally-relevant to behavioral performance. We speculate that FFA is not only involved in object analysis, but exerts considerable influence on stereoscopic mechanisms as early as in V3 based on a broader appreciation of the stimulus’ behavioral relevance.
Osteotomía en cuña sustractiva supracondílea para el tratamiento del codo valgo del adulto
Authors: Gallucci Gerardo , Altube Gonzalo , Boretto Jorge , Donndorff Agustín , Zaidenberg Ezequiel , Rellán Ignacio , De Carli Pablo 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Comunicar los resultados de una serie de adultos con consolidaciones en valgo del codo tratados con una osteotomía en cuña sustractiva monoplanar.
Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyeron 5 pacientes. Se describe la técnica quirúrgica que consistió en un abordaje posterior paratricipital, resección en cuña sustractiva y transposición anterior del nervio cubital. El seguimiento promedio fue de 17 meses.
Resultados: Se trató a 4 hombres y una mujer, con una edad promedio de 27 años. La movilidad preoperatoria promedio fue de 138º-7° y la posoperatoria, de 138-6°, el puntaje de dolor en la EAV fue de 4 y 1, el MEPS de 71 y 97, y el DASH de 26 y 8, respectivamente. La evaluación radiográfica preoperatoria arrojó un valgo promedio de 30º con un valgo contralateral de 11º. La corrección radiográfica demostró un valgo de 13º. Se obtuvo una corrección promedio de 2° menos que del otro lado. Todas las osteotomías consolidaron, y la medición de la prominencia medial fue, en promedio, un 32% mayor que en el preoperatorio. Según la escala de Oppenheim, el resultado fue excelente en 4 pacientes y bueno en uno. La satisfacción personal fue, en promedio, de 8,6.
Conclusiones: La osteotomía en cuña sustractiva para tratar un codo valgo es una buena opción terapéutica, con recuperación de valores angulares comparables con el lado contralateral, y alta tasa de satisfacción de los pacientes. Como es una técnica menos compleja que las osteotomías multiplanares, es nuestra elección ante una consolidación viciosa en valgo del codo del adulto.
La Artroscopia bilateral de rodilla en un solo tiempo quirúrgico, ¿es una opción segura?
Authors: García Bistolfi Mariano , Zícaro Juan , Gorodischer Tomás , Yacuzzi Carlos , Costa Paz Matías 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La artroscopia bilateral de rodilla en un solo tiempo quirúrgico permite cursar un solo posoperatorio y una única rehabilitación. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados clínico-funcionales y el tiempo hasta el retorno laboral y deportivo en una serie de pacientes sometidos a una artroscopia bilateral en un solo tiempo quirúrgico.
Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó a una serie retrospectiva de pacientes desde abril de 2016 hasta abril de 2019, que fueron sometidos a una artroscopia bilateral de rodilla en un solo tiempo quirúrgico. Se analizaron los resultados clínico-funcionales a corto y mediano plazo, y el tiempo para el retorno laboral y deportivo.
Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 41 años (rango 18-63). El seguimiento promedio fue de 18 meses (rango 6-37). Los tiempos de anestesia y quirúrgico promedio fueron 105 min (rango 60-170) y 85 mi (rango 50-150), respectivamente. El tiempo promedio para el retorno laboral fue de 2 meses (rango 1-5). Todos los pacientes recuperaron el rango completo de movilidad articular.
Conclusión: Si bien se han obtenido buenos resultados clínicos con la artroscopia bilateral de rodilla en un solo tiempo, en pacientes seleccionados, no se pueden establecer comparaciones ni conclusiones relevantes debido a la baja casuística y a la gran diversidad de las cirugías realizadas. La principal ventaja radicaría en evitar procedimientos en dos tiempos quirúrgicos, lo que implicaría dos operaciones, dos anestesias y dos programas de rehabilitación diferentes.
Leading students towards a new soft-skills perspective: development for employment
Authors: SHEHU LOKAJ ALMA , Miftari Vehbi , Hajdari Vjosa 
Published: June 2021

Aim. Based on similar studies, this research work aims to investigate the perception of students and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) of learning about the importance of soft skills for their education and employment since these skills are increasingly sought-after by potential employers.
Methods. The Kendall Tau b test and Mann Whitney U test have been applied to show the relationship between soft skills and job preparedness for students. This study investigates a selection of 100 students from a private HEI (UBT College) and 100 students from a public HEI (University “Haxhi Zeka”), both in Kosovo. A total of 200 valid responses were collected from July to September 2020. Goldsmith inventory for 15 soft skills has been distributed as a questionnaire has been distributed to the students of these universities.
Results and conclusion. The research results indicate that in soft skills development of the UBT College students is significantly higher than the soft skills developed of the University “Haxhi Zeka” students. The findings also show that most of the students believe that their actual soft skills were at a less than the desired level.
Practical application. This research implicates the Higher Education Institutions to consider the soft skills as an important tool for enhancing graduates’ employability. The results indicate the need to reconsider the curriculum by embedding soft skills on it. The students’ perception on soft skills is a contribution not only for the universities considered in this research but also for all graduates in HEIs in Kosovo, since the curriculum does not change much among universities. According to Eurostat the unemployment youth rate in Kosovo is about 55.4% and for this reason the results will help the HEIs to rethink about their students’ future employment opportunities.
Originality. This is the only study done in Kosovo about graduates’ soft skills and employment and it provides information about a concerning problem in the country. This paper suggests initiatives to upgrade students’ soft skills and to improve their perspective on their future employment.
Lithuanian undergraduate students' approaches to learning English for Specific Purposes
Authors: Burkšaitienė Nijolė , Šliogerienė Jolita 
Published: June 2021

Aim. It has been established by research that the nature of students’ learning is closely related to their approach to learning and to the learning environment in which learning occurs. In higher education environments, students’ approaches to learning have been widely investigated across different fields of study, however, little known research has focused on students’ approaches to learning foreign languages. To contribute to knowledge in this field, the present research aims to establish undergraduate students’ approaches to learning English for Specific purposes (ESP) at a university in Lithuania.
Method. The research was conducted with the participation of 111 undergraduate students, majors in 11 different study programmes, who took a mandatory course in ESP. The data were collected from the structured questionnaires; to carry out the research, quantitative methodology was used.
Results. The analysis of students’ engagement in the study activities, their willingness to go beyond the task and their ability to self-regulate their learning revealed that the study participants demonstrated both surface approach and deep approach to learning ESP.
Conclusion. The results indicate that to guide the students towards deep approach to learning ESP at the university, their engagement in study activities should be fostered.
STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF AIR TEMPERATURE IN A GREENHOUSE HEATED BY AIR TO AIR HEAT PUMP
Authors: Auce Agris , Jermuss Aivars , Rucins Adolfs , Ivanovs Semjons , Grinbergs Ugis 
Published: June 2021

The temperature distribution inside the experimental greenhouse heated by air to air heat pumps and its impact on the growth and productivity of tomato plants were studied. Experimental greenhouse located at SIA Rītausma facility in South-East Latvia.Two commercially available regular air to air heat‑pumps with a combined heat power of 10 kW were used. To measure the temperature distribution, 18 temperature sensors with solar radiation shields at different heights and positions among the plants were installed. Additional 4 temperature sensors were used to measure the air flow temperature at the heating elements. Reference air temperature was measured at an industrial production facility heated by a common gas heating system.Temperature was found to be homogenous within 1 °C. Observed temperatures were up to 4 °C lower than set on the control unit of the heat pump. This discrepancy was compensated by higher set values for the controlling unit. As research showed the temperature stability was better than at the water-heated industrial facility at time slots when the sun was suddenly cleared from clouds.The cooling of the experimental greenhouse by air conditioning during summer time was rather challenging for the tomato plants and productivity. 23% of plant stems died until the end of the season and the yield was 50% lower than in the reference greenhouse. The energy efficiency compared to the industrial facility was approx. 8 times better and the estimated CO2 emissions were 8-16 times smaller compared to gas heating. There were no increases of heating costs determined.Further studies are needed to optimize the heating parameters and reach the desired greenhouse productivity.
GEOMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF INVOLUTE PLANETARY GEARS WITH CONNECTED GEAR WHEELS OF TYPE 2K-H
Authors: Cvetanov Genadi , Karadzhov Tsanko 
Published: June 2021

Based on the basic law of flat interlocking, the paper considers a possibility of increasing the gear ratio of low module involute cylindrical planetary gears by using asymmetric tooth profile for the purposes of measuring devices. An example of the synthesis of such reduction gearing by optimal choice of asymmetry between the profiles and Possibility of generation III is presented. Also presented is a planar matching of the unconditional existence areas in the field of independent coefficients of instrument displacement by the straight optimization method and pre-set qualitative indicators of the gearing.
Mémoire de la mère : force motrice de l’écriture chez A. Ernaux et D. de Vigan
Authors: Sánchez Hernández María Ángeles , Payet Karine Marie 
Published: June 2021

Dans cet article nous étudierons deux œuvres dédiées à la figure de la mère : Rien ne s’oppose à la nuit (Delphine de Vigan) et Une femme (Annie Ernaux). Il s’agit de dévoiler le différent travail de narration autobiographique que les écrivaines mènent dans ces deux romans sur le deuil de la mère. Ce personnage occupe une place essentielle dans la décision d’écrire de ces filles-narratrices qui remettent en question leur propre processus d’écriture en raison des particularités de l’existence de la femme qui était leur mère. Le germe de la vocation littéraire est né de cette relation particulière entre elles et du désir de laisser un témoignage écrit de portraits des femmes, à partir des points de vue novateurs.
Therapeutic approaches to tackle COVID-19: An overview
Authors: Palatty Princy Louis , David Rosme , Philip Belinda Mangalath , Sunny Clint , J Mamatha , S Vanditha , George Deepthi Mary 
Published: June 2021

: A series of an acute atypical respiratory disease occurred during December 2019 in Wuhan, China, that quickly metamorphosed as a pandemic, spreading across the globe, leaving more than 104,911,186 infected and more than 2,278,579 dead, in its wake within a year. This Novel Coronavirus, was also called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease was called Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). On 30 January 2020, The World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General, declared the novel coronavirus outbreak, a public health emergency of international concern and flagged off WHO's highest level of alarm.: To elaborate the various drug therapies used in trials and vaccines available for COVID-19 across the globe.: We compiled the literature searches under a single heading and scrutinized over 154 articles, for extracting data on the various pharmacotherapeutic approaches available to treat COVID-19.: Despite wide and varied treatment guidelines being available, the cure or prevention is still elusive for COVID-19. The categoric efficacy of vaccines must be proved to tackle the fast-mutating coronavirus.: Current medical management is largely supportive with no targeted therapy available. Several drugs including lopinavir-ritonavir, remdesivir, antibiotics, hydroxychloroquine, steroids, anticoagulants, and antidiabetic drugs like metformin have been tried in clinical trials. Vaccines targeting the three different components of SARS-CoV-2 viruses, in different phases of clinical trials world-wide, have been made available.
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in Guinea pigs
Authors: Sadiq Neeraj , Ghatate Prabhat , Shree Usha , Fatima Syeda Ayesha , Rao P Raghunath , Netha Narsimha Rao , Kumar Bhumesh 
Published: June 2021

: We need drugs to decrease inflammation as well as have very less side effects. Review of literature mentioned anti-inflammatory action of Omega 3 fatty acids. Hence, we selected this drug. Our aim was to find the anti-inflammatory effect of Omega 3 fatty acid using animal model.: The study is objective animal study where measurement of inflammation was done by observational methodology, for the present study four groups were made- 6 Guinea pigs in each group. Control guinea pigs were fed distilled water, second group standard drug indomethacin 4mg/ kg body wt, test group 1 received 1200mg/kg body wt, test group II received 2400mg/kg body wt of Omega 3 fatty acid. All drugs given orally 30 minutes before exposure to UV radiation of 30 seconds duration was given and inflammation was observed at 6, 12 and 24 hrs after UV exposure in the form of scoring.Statistical significance was calculated using Anova method. For statistical analysis we have used SPSS system version 20. Inflammation was observed in all the four groups of Guinea pigs, there was significant anti-inflammatory effect of omega 3 fatty acid in the dose of 1200mg/kg body wt and 2400mg/kg body wt at 12 and 24 hours. Omega 3 fatty acids 1200mg/kg body wt orally produced significant anti-inflammatory effect against UV radiation induced inflammation in Guinea pigs at 12 and 24 hrs. However, standard drug could produce significant anti-inflammatory effect only at 24 hrs in comparison to control group. The anti-inflammatory effects of test 1, test 2 groups and standard group are comparable.
Identification of Elder Abuse Through Out-of-Hospital Emergency Care Providers
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari , Tiainen Juha , Mikkola Riitta , Paavilainen Eija 
Published: June 2021

Background and purposeElder abuse, neglect, and exploitation are under-detected and under-reported. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe out-of-hospital emergency care providers' experiences of identifying elder abuse.MethodsIndividual theme interviews were conducted with nine prehospital emergency care providers and three community paramedics in spring 2019. The transcribed data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.ResultsAlthough the short duration of care contacts made the identification of elder abuse challenging, the emergency care providers detected indicators of physical, psychological and social abuse, unethical action, material exploitation, and self-neglect/self-abuse. The professionals based their observations on patient and family interviews, on clues in the home environment, on caregiving quality combined with the patient's medical history, and on physical signs, which were the easiest to identify.Implications for PracticeThe identification of elder abuse may be improved by multiprofessional collaboration, by increased attention given to risk groups and common indicators of abuse, and by adoption or creation of screening tools to assist detection and reporting. Training on the detection of elder abuse should be included in nursing and social work curricula and in the continuing professional development of emergency care providers.
Koronavirüslerin moleküler yapısı ve tedavide kök hücre kullanımı
Authors: SOFU Meliz , TOMRUK Canberk , BAŞALOĞLU Hatice Kübra , ÇETİN UYANIKGİL Emel Öykü , UYANIKGİL Yiğit 
Published: June 2021

Koronavirüsler ilk olarak 1930'larda keşfedilmiştir. SARS ve MERS salgınlarından sonra ortaya çıkan COVID-19 pandemisi kısa sürede çok fazla enfeksiyon ve ölüme neden oldu. Koronavirüsler en büyük RNA genomuna sahip virüslerdir. İçerdiği glikoproteinlerden kaynaklı mikroskop altında taç görünümüne sahiptir. COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun spesifik semptomları olmamasına rağmen ateş, öksürük, balgam, miyalji ve baş ağrısı en belirgin semptomlarıdır. Teşhisinde en yaygın kullanılan yöntem PCR testidir. Henüz standart bir tedavisi bulunmayan COVID-19 enfeksiyonunda denenen tedavilerden biri de kök hücre tabanlı tedavilerdir.
Bu derlemede COVID-19'un genel epidemiyolojisi, genomik yapısı ve COVID-19 için kök hücre tedavilerinin önemi irdelenecektir.