bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3-Indolepropionic Acid Prevented Chlorpyrifos-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicities in Rats By Improving Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant And Apoptotic Responses and Abating DNA Damage
Authors: Owumi Solomon E. , Najophe Eseroghene S. , Otunla Moses T. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We examined the individual and combined effect of 3-Indolepropionic acid (IPA) and Chlorpyrifos (CPF) on rat hepatorenal function. The experimental cohorts (n=6) were treated per os for 14 consecutive days as follows: Control (Corn oil 2 mL/kg body weight), CPF alone (5 mg/kg), IPA alone (50 mg/kg) and the co-treated cohorts (CPF: 5 mg/kg + IPA: 25 or 50 mg/kg). Biomarkers of hepatorenal damage, antioxidant and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, the levels of nitric oxide (NO), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reactive oxygen and nitrogen (RONS) species were spectrophotometrically evaluated. Besides, the concentration of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) and caspase-3 activity and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine adducts (8-OHdG) was also assessed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Treatment with CPF alone increased biomarkers of hepatorenal toxicity was significantly (p<0.05) alleviated in rats co-exposed to CPF and IPA. Moreover, the decrease in antioxidant status as antioxidant elevation in RONS and LPO were lessened (p<0.05) in rats co-treated with CPF and IPA. CPF mediated increases in TNF-α, IL-1β, NO, MPO and caspase-3 activity were reduced (p<0.05) in the liver and kidney of rats co-exposed to CPF and IPA. In addition, 8-OHdG adducts formation were reduced in rats treated with 3-IPA dose-dependently. Light microscopic examination showed that histopathological lesions severity induced by CPF were alleviated in rats co-exposed to IPA and CPF. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that rats co-exposed to IPA and CPF exhibited reduced CPF-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage and caspase-3 activation of the liver and kidney.
Temporal Evolution of The Resistance Genotypes of Plasmodium Falciparum in Isolates From Equatorial Guinea During 20 Years (1999 to 2019).
Authors: Berzosa Pedro , Fuente Irene Molina-de la , Tang Thuy-Huong Ta , Gonzalez Vicenta , Garcia Luz , Rodriguez-Galet Ana , Diaz-Regañon Ramón , Galan Rosario , Cerrado-Gálvez Laura , Ncogo Policarpo , Riloha Matilde , Benito Agustin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Malaria is one of the deadliest disease in the world, particularly in Africa. The resistance to antimalarial drugs is one of the most important problems to global malaria control. The study assess the evolution of the different resistance markers over time and the possible influence of the interventions and treatment changes that have been made in Equatorial Guinea.Methods: 1223 biological samples distributed from 1999 to 2019 were included in the study. The screening of the mutations in pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1 and pfcrt genes were carried out by nested PCR and RFLPs, and the study of pfk13 genes was carried out by nested PCR, followed by sequencing to determine the presence of mutations Results: the haplotypes partially and fully resistant (pfdhfr + pfdhps) increase over time. In 2019, the fully resistant is increasing although super resistant remains lower. There is also a continued decline over time in pfmdr1 and pfcrt gene mutations. Since 2008, when ACTs were introduced in the country, the number of mutations detected in pfk13 has been increasing over time, with more mutations being observed in 2019. In this year, were detected 2 synonymous and 5 non-synonymous mutations, although are not related to resistance to ACTs. In addition, the non-synonymous A578S mutation, the most frequent on the African continent, was detected in 2013, although it has not been detected in the following years.Conclusions: The withdrawal of the use of CQ as a treatment in the country has been effective over time, as wild-type parasite populations outnumber mutant populations. The upward trend observed in SP resistance markers evidence its misuse alone or in combination with AS or AQ in some areas of the country, this allows selective pressure from SP to continue. SNPs 540E and 581G do not exceed the limit of 50% and 10% respectively, which means that SP as an IPT is still effective in the country. As for the pfk13 gene, no mutations have been detected in relation to resistance to ACTs. However, in 2019 there is a greater accumulation of non-synonymous mutations compared to years prior to 2008.
Gradient Optimized Physics-Informed Neural Networks (GOPINNs): A Deep Learning Method For Solving The Complex Modified KdV Equation
Authors: Li Jiaheng , Chen Junchao , Li Biao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recently, the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) has received more and more attention because of it's ability to solve nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) via only a small amount of data to quickly obtain data-driven solutions with high accuracy. However, despite their remarkable promise in the early stage, their unbalanced backpropagation gradient calculation leads to drastic oscillations in the gradient value during model training, which is prone to unstable prediction accuracy. Based on this, we develop a gradient optimization algorithm, which proposes a new neural network structure and balances the interaction between different terms in the loss function during model training by means of gradient statistics, so that the newly proposed network architecture is more robust to gradient fluctuations. In this paper, we take the complex modified KdV equation as an example and use the gradient optimised PINNs (GOPINNs) deep learning method to obtain data-driven rational wave solution and soliton molecules solution. Numerical results show that the GOPINNs method effectively smooths the gradient fluctuations, and reproduces the dynamic behavior of these data-driven solutions better than the original PINNs method. In summary, our work provides new insights for optimizing the learning performance of neural networks and improves the prediction accuracy by a factor of 10 to 30 when solving the complex modified KdV equation.
International Tourism, Digital Infrastructure, and CO2 Emissions: Fresh Evidence From Panel Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Wei Liu , ullah Sana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The main motivation behind this study is the importance of the tourism sector and digitalization in the economic development of a country and their potential effects on the country's environmental quality. For empirical analysis, the study applies FMOLS, DOLS, and quantile regression techniques for Asian economies. The findings of the study confirmed that tourism and digitalization improve environmental quality in FMOLS and DOLS models. In the basic quantile regression model, the estimates attached to tourism arrival are positive 5th quantile to 40th quantile and then turn negative from 60th quantile and onwards. Likewise, the estimates attached to tourism receipts in the robust quantile regression model are positive from quantile 5th to quantile 20 and negative and increasing from quantile 30 and onwards. Conversely, the estimates of digital infrastructure are insignificant in the basic quantile model at all quantiles except 95th. However, the estimated coefficients of digital infrastructure in the robust model are negative and rising from 40th quantile to 70th quantile and negative and declining from 80th quantile to 95th quantile. In general, we can say that as the tourism and digital sectors grow, the CO2 emissions decline.
Clear consensus among international public for government action at COP26: Patriotic and public health frames produce marginal gains in support
Authors: Buchanan Tessa , Ackland James , Lloyd Sam , Linden Sander van der , de-Wit Lee 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This work surveys over 14,000 respondents in seven countries to assess support for government action to protect the environment, and for different policies at the 2021 UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow. Baseline results reveal overwhelming support for action. At least nine out of ten respondents in six countries, and 79% in the USA, agree that all governments should do more. In each country, at least 50% of respondents express support for four policies: protecting wildlife; planting trees; spending more on clean technologies; and reducing the production of greenhouse gases over thirty years. A survey-experiment tests whether support changes when respondents are exposed to short texts framed in different ways. On average, exposure to a patriotism or public health text significantly raises support for action, albeit by only 1.6 and 1.3 percentage points respectively. On policies, exposure to either a public health text or a text based on current UN messaging increases support for tree-planting by 2.3 and 2.9 percentage points respectively. These results suggest that international public opinion is overwhelmingly in favour of government action at COP26. They highlight policies that are likely to attract majority support, and suggest that message-framing can have a very small impact.
Diagnosis of Premature Rupture of Membranes Using Vaginal Fluid Urea and Creatinine
Authors: Alao Abayomi Ibukun , Afolabi Adeola Folashade , Akunaeziri Uche Augustine , Tunde-Olatunji Olubunmi Abidemi , Igwemadu Gerald Tochukwu , Odutola Omoteniola Similoluwa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) can be difficult in equivocal cases. This study was designed to test the validity of vaginal fluid urea and creatinine in the diagnosis of PROM against the gold standard which is the Amnisure test.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study. All consenting eligible pregnant women between gestational ages of 28 weeks to 41weeks + 6 days were recruited from the obstetrics emergency and antenatal clinic of the Federal medical centre, Keffi. Patients with a history of drainage of liquor were recruited as the case group, and controls that match for age, parity and gestational age were recruited from the antenatal clinic to constitute the control group. Vaginal fluid aspirated was assessed in the laboratory for urea and creatinine levels and an Amnisure test done. The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of vaginal fluid urea and creatinine were assessed in the diagnosis of PROM.Results: Vaginal fluid urea and creatinine had sensitivity, specificity, Negative predictive value (NPV), Positive predictive value (PPV) respectively of 94%, 82%, 93.18%, 83.93% and 98%, 90%, 97.82%, 90.74%. The cut-off value for vaginal fluid urea and creatinine were 1.25 mg/dl and 20.3 mmol/l respectively.Conclusions: This study has found that vaginal fluid urea and creatinine are very effective tests in diagnosis of PROM. It is a cheaper and more readily available alternative to the Amnisure test. It is especially useful in our environment, especially in cases of equivocal PROM, as a cost-effective means to confirm the diagnosis.
Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Progress on Electrochemical Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Santos José Ribamar Nascimento Dos , Alves Ismael Carlos Braga , Marques Aldaléa L. Lopes Brandes , Marques Edmar Pereira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As a result of anthropogenic action, an increasing amount of toxic organic compounds has been released into the environment. These pollutants have adverse effects on human health and wildlife, which has motivated the development of different types of technologies for the treatment of effluents and contaminated environments. The electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants has attracted the interest of research centers around the world for its environmental compatibility, high efficiency and affordable cost. In the present study, a bibliometric analysis was performed using the Web of Science database in order to assess the progress of publications related to electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants between the years 2001 and 2021. The data retrieved showed a significant increase in publications related to the topic in the last 20 years. Electrochimica Acta was the magazine responsible for the largest number of publications (230, 7.22%). The studies mainly included the areas of chemistry, engineering and electrochemistry. China with a total of 1004 (31.49%) publications dominated research in this area, followed by Spain (282, 8.85%) and Brazil (255, 8.00%). The institutions with the highest number of contributions were the University of Castilla-la Mancha and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the most productive authors were Rodrigo MA and Martines-Huitle CA. The results of this study provide important references and information on possible research directions for future investigations on electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants.
High Neutrophil-To-Albumin Ratio Predicts Postoperative Pneumonia in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Sheng , Wang Congkai , Liu Ran , Li Aimin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background & Aim
: Although there are a variety of risk factors for postoperative pneumonia (POP) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), objective and easily accessible biomarkers are still lacking. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) and POP in patients with aSAH.
Methods
We retrospectively assessed 395 consecutive patients who underwent clipping or coiling of the aneurysm, analyzed the existing population data and baseline variables of these patients. Patients were divided into POP and did not occur. The recipient operation feature (ROC) curve and logic regression analysis are used to identify independent predictors.
Results
Among the 395 patients, POP occurred in 78(19.7%) in this cohort. Patients with POP had significantly higher NAR than those without (0.31[0.25–0.39] vs 0.23[0.18–0.28]; P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NAR (odds ratio = 2.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.141–7.574; P = 0.026) on admission was independently associated with POP after adjusting for confounders. Besides, the predictive performances of NAR for POP was significantly (AUC [95% CI] 0.775 [0.717–0.832]; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
NAR elevation at admission might be informative for predicting POP in patients with aSAH.
Emerging Strategies for the Sustainable Development of Solar Energy Sector in Turkey: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Tırmıkçı Ceyda Aksoy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper performs a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis to present some recommendations for future renewable energy roadmap of Turkey with respect to legal and regulatory framework, science and technology capacities, markets and industries. The following queries are addressed to identify internal and external parameters: the contribution of latest legal regulations to the installed solar capacity, the most excessive burdens for solar PV system developers, the current situation in PV research, the level of coordination between PV-dedicated institutions, the level of coordination between PV-dedicated institutions and industry, the science and technology capacity for manufacturing related issues, the response of locals regarding solar energy systems, the main pillars of the national energy strategy. In conclusion, possible strategies are recommended to maintain the strengths, improve the weaknesses, seize the opportunities and overcome the threats for the sustainable development of the solar energy sector in Turkey.
Local, distal, proximal, and contralateral effects of low-load blood flow restriction training on upper extremity neuromuscular performance of healthy women: randomized placebo-controlled trial protocol
Authors: Jales Maycon Thomas Moises , Júnior Wellington Dos Santos Lima , Pinheiro Yago Tavares , Barbosa Germanna Medeiros , de Souza Marcelo Cardoso , Lins Caio Alano de Almeida 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLow-load blood flow restriction (BFR) training may induce positive neuromuscular adaptations, but proximal BFR effects are unclear. This study aims to investigate chronic effects of low-load resistance training (LLRT) with BFR on upper extremity neuromuscular performance of healthy women.MethodsThis protocol for clinical trial will include 78 volunteers randomized into three groups of 26 participants: LLRT (LLRT without BFR); LLRT + placebo blood flow restriction (20% BFR); and LLRT + 60% BFR. All groups will perform four sets of 15 repetitions at 20% of one-repetition maximum for each of the following muscles: serratus anterior, lateral shoulder rotators, and lower trapezius. Participants will be assessed before protocol, after completing eight weeks of protocol, and after a four-week follow-up. Primary outcome will be muscle strength, and secondary outcomes will be muscle excitation, perimetry, pain, subjective perceived exertion, affective valence with exercise, and power of upper extremity muscles.DiscussionExercises are often used to prevent and treat upper limb disorders. However, only two studies analyzed the effects of these exercises associated with BFR. Therefore, this protocol aims to fill the gaps in these studies and propose more reliable results on the subject.Trial registration: EnsaiosClinicos.gov.br (Identifier: RBR-3pd52f).
Green and Sustainable Mobile Robots Design - a MCDM Approach
Authors: Sathiya V. , Chinnadurai M. , Ramabalan S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To safeguard the environment, products and technologies are made friendlier to it. In this context, more research works were already done in computing and supply chain management fields. But, only less amount of research happened in Robotics field. Particularly green robotics was not addressed well. This research work tries to address green robotics with two real world case studies. Further correlation between green robotics, green computing and green supply chain is also discussed. The strategies which are bringing sustainability in robotics are discussed. Adoption of green concepts from first stage (robot design and fabrication) to final stage (robot application) is addressed. The metrics used to verify green concepts are discussed. The criteria used in this study are green material selection (as per international standards), energy saving, cost saving and green computing. Two numerical examples – design of two educational mobile robots are presented. The problems were solved in a MCDM approach. A hybrid method, ISM-ANP was employed to crack the problems. The simulation results ensure that effectiveness of the proposed MCDM method.
Prediction of 131i Therapeutic Dose and Prognosis in Hyperthyroidism Patients Using Mechanical Learning Model
Authors: Gao Han , Yuan Weiye , Gao Yunan , Wang Yidi , Yao Jie , Gao linfeng , Sun Liang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveMultiple mechanical learning models were used to predict the therapeutic dose of 131I radionuclide in patients with hyperthyroidism, and to compare the calculation results of each prediction model to obtain the optimal model for dose prediction. Meanwhile, the classification model was used to classify the prognosis of the existing clinical hyperthyroidism case data in order to evaluate the administration results and provide reference for the dose given by clinicians.MethodsAccording to the data of hyperthyroidism patients treated with 131I in nuclear medicine department of many hospitals, a prediction model was established based on MATLAB. Firstly, the prediction results of BP neural network, radial basis function (RBF) neural network and support vector machine (SVM) were compared with small sample data, and then the optimal model was selected to predict the drug dose. BP-AdaBoost, SVM and random forest were used to classify the patients after recovery and evaluate whether the dose was accurate.ResultsThe average errors of BP neural network, RBF neural network and SVM models trained with small samples were 6.58%, 17.25% and 14.09% respectively. After comparison, BP neural network was selected to establish the prediction model. The data of 30 cases were randomly selected to verify BP neural network, and average error of the prediction results was 11.99%. Using SVM, BP-AdaBoost and random forest models, 100 groups of case data were selected as the training set and 10 groups as the test set. The classification accuracy were 80%, 90% and 100% respectively. The random forest model with the highest accuracy was selected as the large sample prediction. When 318 groups of cases were trained and 35 groups of cases were used for the test, the classification accuracy was 97.14%.ConclusionThis study compared the prediction effects of various prediction models on 131I therapeutic dose in patients with hyperthyroidism and the accuracy of prognosis classification. BP neural network and random forest achieved the best results respectively. The two models provide reference for clinicians when giving the dose, which has clinical practical significance.
Alanine-specific Appetite in Slow Growing Chickens is Associated with Impaired Glucose Transport and TCA Cycle
Authors: Niknafs Shahram , Fortes Marina R S , Cho Sungbo , Black John L , Roura Eugeni 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The rate of protein accretion and growth affect amino acid requirements in young animals. Differences in amino acid metabolism contribute to individual variations in growth rate. This study aimed at determining how amino acid needs may change with growth rates in broiler chickens. Experiment 1 consisted of testing amino acid choices in two chicken groups with extreme growth rates (the slowest –SG- or fastest –FG- growing birds in a flock). Essential (EAA) (methionine, lysine and threonine) or non-essential (NEAA) (alanine, aspartic acid and asparagine) amino acids were added to a standard control feed (13.2MJ/kg; 21.6% crude protein). The chickens were offered simultaneous access to the control feed and a feed supplemented with one of the two amino acid mixes added at 73% above standard dietary levels. Experiment 2 consisted of the selection of the bottom 5 SG and top 5 FG chickens from a flock of 580 to study differences in amino acid metabolism using the proventriculus representing gut sensing mechanism. In this experiment, transcriptomic, proteomic, and genomic analyses were used to compare the two groups of chickens. Results: SG preferred NEAA, while they rejected EAA supplemented feeds (P < 0.05). However, FG rejected NEAA (P < 0.05), and they were indifferent to EAA supplemented feed (P > 0.05). Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified 909 differentially expressed genes and 146 differentially abundant proteins associated with differences in growth rate (P < 0.05). The integration of gene expression and protein abundance patterns showed the downregulation of sensing and transport of alanine and glucose associated with increased alanine catabolism to pyruvate in SG chickens. Conclusion: Dietary preferences for NEAA in the SG group are associated with a potential cytosolic depletion of alanine following an upregulation of the catabolism into TCA cycle intermediates.