bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Neuroendocrine Profile in Predicting Outcomes in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Vishwa Kumar K S , Mudumba Vijaya Saradhi , Alugolu Rajesh , Anne Beatrice 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Pituitary dysfunction following severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is significant and may be correlated with the outcomes. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the early changes in pituitary hormone levels after sTBI and to correlate with outcomes in terms of severity and mortality.

Methods:
This was a prospective, observational study, involving consecutive patients of 16–60 years, with sTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale GCS < 9) presenting to the hospital within 24 h of trauma. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Serum samples were collected in the morning (08–10 am) on day 1 and day 4 for cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and prolactin (Chemiluminescence immunoassay). Outcome was assessed in terms of mortality (which included both immediate and at 3 months) and Glasgow outcome scale at 3 months.

Results:
54 patients were studied. Mean cortisol on day 4 was 28.5 µg/dL in alive patients and 13.7 µg/dL in patients deceased at 3 months (P < 0.001). Patients who were deceased at 3 months had significantly lower T3 on day 4 (0.973 vs 1.4 ng/dL) and lower T4 (8.1 µg/L vs 6.1 µg/dL) as compared to patients who survived (P = 0.049 and 0.005, respectively). Acute phase TSH on day 4 levels were significantly lower in patients deceased at 3 months. There was no significant difference in the prolactin levels.

Conclusion:
Day 4 cortisol, T3, T4, and TSH correlated with the outcomes at 3 months and hence have predictive value post-sTBI.
Efficacy and Safety of Once Weekly Thyroxine as Compared to Daily Thyroxine in Managing Primary Hypothyroidism
Authors: Dutta Deep , Jindal Radhika , Kumar Manoj , Mehta Divij , Dhall Anil , Sharma Meha 
Published: September 2021

Aims:
No meta-analysis is available which has holistically analyzed efficacy and safety of once weekly thyroxine (OWT) vs. standard daily therapy (SDT) with regards to managing primary hypothyroidism. We undertook this meta-analysis to address this knowledge gap.

Methods:
Electronic databases were searched for clinical trials involving hypothyroid patients receiving OWT in intervention arm, and SDT in control arm. Primary outcome was to evaluate changes in serum thyroid stimulating hormone. Secondary outcomes were to evaluate alterations in total tetra-iodothyronine (TT4), total tri-iodothyronine (TT3), free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT4), heart rate (HR), cardiac function, symptomatology, and adverse events.

Results:
From initially screened 159 studies, data from four trials involving 294 patients were analyzed. Patients of OWT had significantly higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) [mean difference (MD) +1.85 mU/L (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.95–2.75); P < 0.01; I
2 = 63%], comparable TT4 [MD -0.87 mcg/dl (95% CI: -2.98–1.24); P = 0.42; I
2 = 65%], and significantly lower TT3 [MD -15.7 ng/dl (95% CI: -29.9–1.51); P = 0.03; I
2 = 90%], following 6-weeks therapy. TT4 [MD 3.05 mcg/dl (95% CI: 1.44–4.66); P < 0.01], and FT4 [MD 0.56 ng/dl (95% CI: 0.04–1.08); P = 0.03; I
2 = 66%] were significantly higher 2 h after thyroxine intake, in people on OWT compared to SDT. TT4 levels were significantly higher 4 h after thyroxine intake in OWT as compared to SDT [MD 0.70 ng/dl (95% CI: 0.52–0.88); P < 0.01]. Following 4–8 h of intake of thyroxine, isovolumetric contraction time [MD 3.62 ms (95% CI: 1.93–5.31); P < 0.01; I
2 = 0%] and aortic ejection time/pre-ejection period ratio [MD 0.01 (95% CI: 0.00–0.02); P = 0.02; I
2 = 0%], were significantly higher in people on OWT as compared to SDT.

Conclusion:
OWT is associated with less efficient control of hypothyroidism at 6 weeks and may be associated with supraphysiologic elevation of thyroid hormone levels along with transient echocardiographic changes in some patients following 2-4 h of thyroxine intake.
Stress, anxiety, depression, and resilience in cancer patients on radiotherapy
Authors: Mungase Mrudula , Chaudhury Suprakash , Patil Anand A. , Jagtap Biswajit , Jain Vandana 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The diagnosis of cancer may cause extreme disruption in the life of an individual because in the minds of most people the disease is associated with extreme pain, suffering, and death.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess stress, anxiety, depression, and resilience among cancer patients undergoing treatment with radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:
Consecutive cancer patients taking radiotherapy treatment from a tertiary care hospital were included in the study with their written informed consent. Subjects suffering from comorbid medical or psychiatric disorders were excluded from the study. Demographic and clinical details of the patients were recorded on a specially prepared pro forma. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and Abbreviated Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale were administered. Scoring of the scales was carried out as per the test manual. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the SPSS software.

Results:
The study sample included 100 patients (38 male and 62 females) with a confirmed diagnosis of cancer receiving radiotherapy. Based on the scores obtained on the DASS, depression was present in 24 patients, anxiety was significantly high in 25 patients, while stress was significantly high in five patients. Male patients undergoing radiotherapy had significantly higher scores on resilience and significantly lower scores on depression anxiety and stress compared to female patients. In patients undergoing radiotherapy, stress, anxiety, and depression were significantly negatively correlated while resilience. Anxiety, gender, and resilience were found to be significant predictors of depression based on multiple regression analysis.

Conclusion:
Cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy suffer from depression, anxiety, and stress which are negatively correlated with resilience. Resilience is significantly higher in males, while anxiety, depression, and stress are significantly higher in females. In addition to therapy aimed at reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms, psychiatric management should also aim to increase the resilience of these patients.
Microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer patient-derived xenograft models for cancer immunity research
Authors: Suto Hirotaka , Funakoshi Yohei , Nagatani Yoshiaki , Imamura Yoshinori , Toyoda Masanori , Kiyota Naomi , Matsumoto Hisayuki , Tanaka Shinwa , Takai Ryo , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Yamashita Kimihiro , Matsuda Takeru , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Minami Hironobu 
Published: September 2021

Context:
There is an increasing demand for appropriate preclinical mice models for evaluating the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.

Aims:
Therefore, we established a humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model using microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Subjects and Methods:
The CRC tissues of patients scheduled for surgery were tested for MSI status, and CRC tumors were transplanted into NOD/LtSz-scid/IL-2Rg-/-(NSG) mice to establish MSI-H PDX models. PDX tumors were compared to the original patient tumors in terms of histological and genetic characteristics. To humanize the immune system of MSI-H PDX models, patient PBMCs were injected through the tail vein.

Results:
PDX models were established from two patients with MSI-H CRC; one patient had a germline mutation in MLH1 (c.1990-2A > G), and the other patient had MLH1 promoter hypermethylation. PDX with the germline mutation was histologically similar to the patient tumor, and retained the genetic characteristics, including MSI-H, deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), and MLH1 mutation. In contrast, the histological features of the other PDX from a tumor with MLH1 promoter hypermethylation were clearly different from those of the original tumor, and MLH1 promoter hypermethylation and MSI-H/dMMR were lost in the PDX. When T cells from the same patient with MLH1 mutation were injected into the PDX through the tail vein, they were detected in the PDX tumor.

Conclusions:
The MSI-H tumor with an MMR mutation is suitable for MSI-H PDX model generation. The PBMC humanized MSI-H PDX has the potential to be used as an efficient model for cancer immunotherapy research.
Bilateral proximal hamstring muscle avulsion after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and corticosteroids
Authors: Frei Nicolas , Caobelli Federico , Kyburz Diego 
Published: September 2021

A 66-year-old man presented with 4 weeks of bilateral buttock pain without previous trauma or intense exercise. He had been treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors because of metastasising melanoma and experienced immune-related adverse events requiring treatment with corticosteroids. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis revealed bilateral avulsion of the proximal hamstring muscles. Treatment with physical therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs led to a slow but lasting relief. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of symptomatic non-traumatic bilateral hamstring muscle avulsion following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and corticosteroids.
The SwissCovid Digital Proximity Tracing App after one year: Were expectations fulfilled?
Authors: Daniore Paola , Ballouz Tala , Menges Dominik , Von Wyl Viktor 
Published: September 2021

Digital proximity tracing has been promoted as a major technological innovation for its potential added benefits of greater speed, wider reach and better scalability compared with traditional manual contact tracing. First launched in Switzerland on 25 June 2020, the SwissCovid digital proximity tracing app has now been in use for more than one year. In light of this milestone, we raise the questions: What is currently known about the role of SwissCovid in mitigating the pandemic? Were the expectations fulfilled?
In this review, we will summarise the current state of the literature from empirical studies on the adoption, performance and effectiveness of SwissCovid. The review consists of three sections. The first section summarizes findings from effectiveness studies, which suggest that SwissCovid exposure notifications contributed to preventive actions in 76% of exposure notification recipients and were associated with a faster quarantine time in some SwissCovid user groups. The second describes the public perception and current state of adoption of SwissCovid in Switzerland in light of prevalent misconceptions and overemphasised expectations. the third places the evidence on SwissCovid in an international context. Specifically, we compare key performance indicators of SwissCovid, which are of similar magnitude as for digital proximity tracing apps from other European countries. Using findings from Switzerland, we subsequently derive a preliminary measure of the population-level effectiveness of digital proximity tracing apps. We estimate that exposure notifications may have contributed to the notification and identification of 500 to 1000 SARS-CoV-2-positive app users per month. We explore why this effectiveness estimation is somewhat lower when compared with Germany or the United Kingdom.
In light of the presented evidence, we conclude that digital proximity tracing works well in specific contexts, such as in mitigating non-household spread. However, future applications of digital proximity tracing should invest into stakeholder onboarding and increased process automatization – without deviating from the principles of voluntariness and user privacy.
ROH KUDUS DALAM TRINITAS DAN KOMUNITAS UMAT TUHAN (HOLY SPIRIT IN THE TRINITY AND COMMUNITY OF GOD'S PEOPLE)
Authors: Tubagus Steven , Sarono Timotius Bakti 
Published: September 2021

The doctrine of the Holy Spirit and its praxis has been controversial among God's people. This controversy has even emerged since the beginning of the church about the person and position of the Holy Spirit with God the Father and the Son. This article aims to briefly explore the doctrine of the Holy Spirit and its praxis into the community of God's people. The writing method used is a praxis systematic critical method to examine the various nuances of the argument against the Holy Spirit with the aim of placing it in a proper understanding of the trinity concept. The result of this writing is the doctrine of the Holy Spirit there is no personality difference between God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, because humans meet these "persons" in every spiritual aspect. By conceptualizing God in the realm of the Spirit of God, it will be a more practical way to describe activities in community life.

Doktrin Roh Kudus dan praksisnya telah memberikan kontroversi selama ini di antara umat Tuhan. Kontroversi ini bahkan sudah muncul mulai permulaan gereja bagaimana pribadi dan posisi Roh Kudus dengan Allah Bapa dan Putra. Artikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi secara singkat doktrin Roh Kudus dan praksisnya ke dalam komunitas umat Tuhan. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah metode kritis sistematis praksis untuk menelaah berbagai nuansa argumen terhadap Roh Kudus dengan tujuan menempatkannya dalam pemahaman yang tepat tentang konsep trinitas. Hasil dari penulisan ini adalah doktrin Roh Kudus tidak ada perbedaan kepribadian antara Allah Bapa, Anak dan Roh Kudus, karena manusia bertemu dengan “pribadi-pribadi” ini dalam setiap aspek rohani. Dengan mengkonseptualisasikan Tuhan dalam alam Roh Allah akan menjadi cara yang lebih praktis untuk menggambarkan aktivitas secara kehidupan komunitas.
WOMEN IN PAKISTAN- SOCIAL MOBILITY, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND EMPOWERMENT
Authors: Ahmed Sidra , Bari Samreen , Jabeen Rizwana 
Published: September 2021

The word Development is devious and captivating, however, the development path is perplexed. In most cases, the governments try to attain economic, military, technological, and infrastructural development, whereas, the power centers evade investing and working on issues of Human Development. The governments of countries like Pakistan strive to shuffle the attentiveness of the world by spending a huge amount on building the roads, on bridges, and transportation and in maximization of arms and ammunition. Human development in Pakistan has always been neglected due to various reasons. A huge population of almost a 22million having as low as 154th (out of 189 countries) position in the human development index. The patriarchal system has created the social and cultural environment that is supporting persistence male domination, remains the major obstacle in the intellectual, social, and economic growth of women. This paper addresses the conceptual and methodological aspects of human development and women’s empowerment in Pakistan, it explains the challenges and trends concerning women’s empowerment throughout Pakistan’s history, specifically in key areas such as individual, education, and health, economic and political participation, and especially Women’s limited and controlled mobility.
Nghiên cứu đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và kết quả xử trí ở sản phụ mang thai đa ối ba tháng cuối
Authors: Phạm Chí Kông , Trần Hữu Toán 
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát một số nguyên nhân, triệu chứng lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng ở các sản phụ được chẩn đoán đa ối ba tháng cuối và đánh giá kết cục thai kỳ ở các trường hợp được nghiên cứu.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang gồm 111 thai phụ được chẩn đoán đa ối trong 03 tháng cuối thai kỳ được điều trị tại khoa Phụ sản Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế và Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Huế trong thời gian từ tháng 6/2018 đến tháng 6/2020.
Kết quả: 67,6% các trường hợp không có triệu chứng lâm sàng. Tỷ lệ đa ối nhẹ, đa ối vừa/nặng lần lượt là 82% (91/11), 18,0% (20/111). Đa ối chưa rõ nguyên nhân chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (78,4%), tiếp theo do bất thường thai nhi (14,4%) và mẹ đái tháo đường (7,2%). Tỷ lệ sinh non ở các sản phụ đa ối là 7,2%. Có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ sinh non giữa nhóm đa ối nhẹ và đa ối vừa/nặng (p < 0,05). Tỷ lệ sinh thường là 26,1%, tỷ lệ mổ lấy thai là 73,9%. Không có sự liên quan giữa mức độ đa ối và phương thức sinh (p > 0,05). Cân nặng trung bình của trẻ sơ sinh là 3461 ± 624 gram. Cân nặng trung bình trẻ sơ sinh có sự khác biệt giữa các nhóm nguyên nhân đa ối (p < 0,05). Tỷ lệ trẻ sơ sinh có chỉ số APGAR một phút dưới 7 điểm là 6,3%. Tỷ lệ này có sự khác biệt giữa các nhóm nguyên nhân đa ối (p < 0,05). Các biến chứng của đa ối là sa dây rốn (0,9%), đờ tử cung (2,7%), sót nhau (3,6%), ối vỡ non (5,4%), sinh non (7,2%).
Kết luận: Đa ối mức độ nhẹ và đa ối chưa rõ nguyên nhân chiếm đa số. Có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ sinh non giữa nhóm đa ối nhẹ và đa ối vừa/nặng (p < 0,05). Không có sự liên quan giữa mức độ đa ối và phương thức sinh (p > 0,05). Các biến chứng của đa ối là ối vỡ non, đờ tử cung, sót nhau, sa dây rốn, sinh non.
Técnica CLOZE para desarrollar la comprensión lectora en el aprendizaje del idioma extranjero inglés en los alumnos de la Facultad de Derecho
Authors: Solís-Barrueta Aleacib 
Published: September 2021

El Cloze es el procedimiento de restitución de palabras omitidas, el Informe Bullock (1975) lo define como “la utilización de una selección de escritura en la cual se han omitido determinadas palabras y el uso de parte del alumno del máximo de las claves disponibles en el texto para predecir las palabras omitidas”. La justificación teórica de esta técnica como medida de evaluación o técnica de enseñanza del lenguaje se encuentra en el enfoque psicolingüístico del proceso lector, en la teoría de la comunicación y en la consideración de la lectura como un proceso interactivo. El Objetivo de dicho trabajo de investigación fue el Desarrollo de la comprensión lectora en el aprendizaje del idioma extranjero Inglés a través de la técnica Cloze en los alumnos de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la Universidad de Huánuco. El método en el presente fue el experimental en su variante cuasi experimental, ya que se buscó solucionar el problema de la dificultad en la comprensión lectora, a través de la técnica CLOZE. Con la aplicación de dicha Técnica Cloze los estudiantes universitarios incrementaron sustancialmente en un 54.17% el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora. Concluyendo podemos decir que es pertinente frente a los resultadosproponer se adicione en los Syllabus de Educación Superior de Inglés el empleo de la Técnica “Cloze” en lecturas de temas de interés de los estudiantes de Derecho a fin de superar o remediar las difocultades de comprensión lectora, es necesario canalizar la capacitación de los docentes de inglés a fin de que se incluya en la enseñanza del idioma extranjero, lecturas de carácter jurídico a finn de aplicarse de manera adecuada la inferencia lógica con el empleo de la Técnica “Cloze”.
Efectividad del ajo (Alliumsativum) y eucalipto (Eeucalyptu sglobulus) en el tratamiento de pediculosis en niños
Authors: Tafur-Flores Nelly G. 
Published: September 2021

La investigación trato de demostrar el efecto de los ajos chancado y hojas de eucalipto, como piojicida que puede suplantar a cualquier producto químico que son altamente tóxicos. El diseño fue experimental, porque se evaluó la efectividad del piojicida. Se trabajó con tres tratamientos: El tratamiento 1: 30 gramos de ajos chancado más 30 gramos de hojas de eucalipto; el tratamiernto 2: Con 40 gramos de ajos chancado más 40 gramos de hojas de eucalipto; el tratamiento 3: De 50 gramos de ajos chancados y 50 gramos de hojas eucalipto; el procedimiento fue el mismo de la siguiente manera: hervido por 10 minutos, entibiado y colocado en el cuero cabelludo del niño y niña cubierto con un gorro de tela durante 30 minutos; el resultado del tratamiento dos y el tratamiento tres fue significativo; por lo tanto los ajos chancados y las hojas de eucalipto en dosis de 40 a 50 gramos son efectivos en el tratamiento de la pediculosis; con la preparación del piojicida se demostró la fácil elaboración y aplicación práctica e inmediata al cuero cabelludo, superando a los investigadores Ernesto Flores, Jesús Saavedra Jiménez y otros.
PERCEPTIONS ON WHICH SOCIAL NETWORKING TOOLS ARE USEFUL FOR TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Koskeris Andreas , Garofalakis John 
Published: September 2021

<p>Teachers are expected to be able to keep up with the technological development in the classroom. Integrating ICT into teaching is a complex process and they may encounter a number of difficulties. They seek opportunities for professional development, so that they can meet the needs of students leading to recognition as a “reform-minded” educator. Social networking/WEB2.0 which is the technology connecting people is providing new opportunities for professional development by assisting to remain current on skills important for teachers’ role. Aim of our research is to study, for the specific professional category of school teachers, which are the professional skills which can be strengthened through social networking and which tools are the most appropriate for this goal. Based on a collection of information from various sources we present a series of conclusions which can be the basis for the design of training programs on how to effectively use social networking.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0852/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
LOW IMPLEMENTATION OF “BOS” FUNDS FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN PADANG CITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Yusmaridi M. , Sunarti Vevi , Rusdinal R. , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Juita Dewi 
Published: September 2021

<p>The rationale of conducting this research came from observations carried out in Junior High Schools in Padang City regarding the large amounts of BOS (School Operational Assistance Fund Program) funds being returned to the government from schools. This phenomenon indicates that the government has not reached the targeted execution rates of BOS funds given to schools. The research method used to analyze the factors causing the low absorption of BOS funds was a descriptive method with a quantitative approach through percentage equations. According to the BOS budgets, the results obtained were 43.9% of schools involved teachers, education personnel, and school committees in planning activities. 43.7% of schools were able to account for the financial reports of BOS funds, while 51.8% of schools were wrong in understanding the regulations. In managing BOS funds, 59.9% of schools had competent human resources, actively participated in Bimtek activities, and had integrity. Only 29.3% of schools carried out administrative activities according to regulations.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0773/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
INNOVATIVE AND PRIZE-WINNING EDUCATIONAL MUSIC ACTIVITIES IN SPECIAL EDUCATION THOUGHT THE ETWINNING PROJECT
Authors: Tsampatzidis Theodoros 
Published: September 2021

The Thessaloniki Music School has been repeatedly awarded for its innovative activities in eTwinning programs in special music education. Students with visual impairments and with developmental disorders were encouraged to participate in these programs. Digital music was exchanged from many European countries and original musical compositions were produced and presented. The European and traditional music scores were presented for the first time in electronic Braille form. For students with learning difficulties and pervasive developmental disorders there were special educational presentations with a combination of special educational methods, Relationship Development Intervention, the Irlen method using light sensitivity, and Treatment and Education of Autistic and Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH method).
The greatest achievement of the project was the composition of the e Twinning hymn whose lyrics are about friendship in various musical arrangements and languages. Our hymn was presented at concerts, conferences, the Grundtvig European workshop and was uploaded on websites.

<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0887/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>