bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
García Márquez and Magical Realism
Authors: Faris Wendy B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on why Gabriel García Márquez’s novel One Hundred Years of Solitude is the ur-magical realist text, which put magical realism on the world literary map. Homi Bhabha’s statement that “ ‘[m]agical realism’ after the Latin American Boom, becomes the literary language of the emergent post-colonial world” confirms the prominence of magical realism in contemporary world fiction. However, during the nearly thirty years since Bhabha’s statement, it has spread beyond the postcolonial arena to encompass “First World” fiction as well, suggesting that García Márquez’s text, and magical realism in general, have revitalized international narrative. Investigating that idea enables discovering its essential characteristics, its lasting appeal, and its salient achievement: challenging (even uprooting) the dominant tradition of realism. While they are often intertwined, such characteristics fall under two basic rubrics: literary style—including magical images presented in meticulous detail as real, the use of hyperbole, distortions of chronological time—and cultural work—integration of ancient indigenous and contemporary culture, communal narrative, and liminality as vital cultural space, among others. In discussing these ideas, the article includes extensive citations from the texts, because the richness and ebullience of García Márquez’s prose is an essential factor in its influence on the growth of worldwide magical realism.
Style and Surprise in García Márquez
Authors: Wood Michael 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The guiding theme of this article is the deceptive simplicity of García Márquez’s prose. One has only to think of the work of contemporaries like Lezama Lima and Cabrera Infante or even Cortázar or Donoso to see how “readable” García Márquez is. But then both the simplicity and the deception are real. This style owes a lot to that of Kafka, as García Márquez repeatedly said, as well as to his own career as a journalist, but finally, the language of his fiction is an extraordinary literary creation in its own right, full of hints and silences that allow the prose to do justice both to complex historical circumstances and to powerful imaginings of alternative worlds. This article argues also that this language develops over time and can productively be studied in three stages: the early fiction (1955–1962); Cien Años de Soledad and El Otoño del Patriarca (1967–1975); and the later work, especially El Amor en los Tiempos de Cólera (1985 and after).
Music as Formal and Signifying Feature in García Márquez’s Mature Fiction
Authors: Bell-Villada Gene H. , Katz Montiel Marco 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Music has played a varying role in García Márquez’s work since the passing reference to traveling troubadour “Francisco el Hombre” in One Hundred Years of Solitude and the novel’s concealed presence of Colombian vallenato song. In The Autumn of the Patriarch music becomes more prominent, with such musical traits as romantic bolero formulas, quotations from folk tunes, children’s jingles, and allusions to Caribbean pop rhythms. These musical insertions help provide markers to the relentless verbal flow of the work. In addition, the larger form of the novel is, by admission of the author, modeled after the string quartets of Bela Bartok. Classical music, moreover, contributes some black humor, as in the refined, cultured thug José Ignacio Sáenz de la Barra’s attachment to Mozart and Bruckner. A vallenato serves as the epigraph to Love in the Time of Cholera and also foreshadows crucial events. Musical references, moreover, furnish chronological and character markers in that novel, with Florentino and Juvenal employing music to captivate Fermina, the first communicating directly with his self-trained violin playing and the other hiring a professional to perform on a grand piano under her balcony. During their one encounter, the two men turn from the economic issue at hand to a discussion of music. García Márquez’s last novel fuses Florentino and Juvenal into a modernist musical voice in his narration of Memories of My Melancholy Whores. Punctuating his recollections with “high art” musical allusions, he also communicates directly by singing a medieval Spanish ballad to his sleeping beauty.
The Later Work of Gabriel García Márquez
Authors: Birns Nicholas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
If the Bolívar novel embodies the collective memory of a region in a manner spare yet ingenious, the novelist’s other major late work tends toward personal memory. In Of Love and Other Demons, García Márquez comes as close to magical realism as in any work since the short stories and One Hundred Years of Solitude and reaffirms the multiracial and Caribbean character of the author’s own definition of Spanish America. In News of a Kidnapping, García Márquez ventures onto the territory of drug cartels and violence, which became the preoccupation of the next generation of Colombian writers, relating this material from the deadpan, appalled stance that is as characteristic of his viewpoint as the mesmeric incantations so commonly associated with him. In Memories of My Melancholy Whores, a late in life moral transformation redeems a lifetime of iniquity and testifies to the strangeness of the new territory of extreme old age, in a sense as unexplored a country as Macondo once was. In Living to Tell the Tale, García Márquez reflects upon the first half of his own life. Unlike in the case of Bolívar, García Márquez did not get to tell the ending of the story, leaving later writers and readers to do so in their own minds, as the great master had done for the General.
Gabriel García Márquez and the Remaking of the World Canon
Authors: De Castro Juan E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Given the central role played by One Hundred Years of Solitude in determining what today is understood as postcolonial literature, it may surprise readers of his memoirs or, for that matter, of his early journalism, to discover that Gabriel García Márquez’s literary role models were almost exclusively European or North American. For the young García Márquez, authors who today constitute the core of the modernist canon, in particular Franz Kafka, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and William Faulkner, shaped his vision of what narrative should be like. However, in this admiration and appropriation of modernism, García Márquez was not alone. For instance, his younger contemporary Mario Vargas Llosa has also acknowledged the central influence of Faulkner on his works. As Pascale Casanova has noted, both García Márquez and Vargas Llosa belong to the myriad of twentieth-century novelists who found in modernist writers and, in particular, Faulkner, a “temporal accelerator” that made their novels seem contemporaneous to those produced in Europe and North America and therefore understandable by critics and general readers in those countries. However, in a twist that serves as proof of García Márquez’s literary success, his particular reinterpretation of Faulkner’s and other modernists’ writings in turn served as a model for many other writers from the so-called Global South. This article studies the manner in which García Márquez’s “magical realism,” derived from his readings of the modernist canon, became a new “temporal accelerator” that made the experiences of the Global South understandable by readers in the North.
The Appearance of Nothingness
Authors: Lombardo Carmelo , Sabetta Lorenzo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Unexceptional by definition, the natural appearance of everyday life is not a matter of conscious awareness, let alone deliberate calculation, but an uneventful background against which, ordinarily, nothing special seems to happen. This feeling that nothing is going on, however, may be intentionally elicited (i.e., preserved) and used for instrumental purposes, through strategic actions that dissemble themselves to better affect their target. In this view, this chapter elaborates the concept of concealed strategic actions (CSA), actions that are not experienced as such by the observer and are designed to be so. Somewhat oversuspicious, this idea can be traced back to the work of Goffman on fabrications, normal appearances, and the difference between expressed versus transmitted information. CSA’s current relevance, more practically speaking, is shown by the extensive use in policy making of default options, which are interpreted here as a consequential form of interventions that do not feel as interventions at all. Though CSAs can backfire and are, indeed, inherently obsolescent, their ambition to deploy a reactance-proof strategy seems intriguing from an interactionist perspective, highlighting the nexus among intentions, actions, and reactions—something to eagerly inspect for an expansive symbolic interactionism.
Museum Collections and Their Legacies
Authors: Allen Lindy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Museums continue to be cast as anachronistic—‘weary’, ‘tired’, and ‘out of touch’—trophy houses embedded in the colonial past, with object collections considered hollow remnants of that past. This article contests this notion and reveals how museums have emerged over the past fifty years as active field sites where Indigenous communities, scholars, artists, and artisans in the Pacific have been and are engaging with their cultural patrimony. This approach has seen new meanings and readings of, and new life breathed into, these collections in ways never imagined or anticipated. The museum is a space where differing epistemologies have engaged, conflicted, and negotiated, enabling the reshaping and recovery of meanings within the things held in collections; a process that sits at the centre of the current decolonizing discourse. For Indigenous people, these museum holdings are a unique and tangible link to the past that can perhaps be found only in memory. This article provides a nuanced understanding of the complexities associated with museum collections and their enduring legacies realized through the engagement of Indigenous people with their cultural patrimony.
Reflecting on Durkheim and His Studies on Law through Cancellation of British Citizenship
Authors: Prabhat Devyani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Through an analysis of cancellation of citizenship laws in the United Kingdom, this chapter evaluates Durkheim’s writings on law and its links to moral evolution. It argues that Durkheim’s studies on law are complex and offer rich insights for contemporary sociolegal research. His methodological approaches are also ones that map onto modern-day sociolegal (“law and society” or “law in context”) research. However, Durkheim is overoptimistic in his view that, with time, a modern morality has emerged which venerates the sanctity of the Individual.1 In nationality deprivation cases, analysis reveals the breakdown of social solidarity and the failure to protect people from statelessness. It appears that organic solidarity of the kind that supports human rights is not always a matter of seamless moral and legal progression, contrary to Durkheim’s views.
The Individual and Administrative Justice
Authors: Creutzfeldt Naomi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis chapter discusses what individual justice means in the realm of administrative justice. The standards of justice and fairness that apply in administrative decision-making need consideration from the perspective of the service user. Should the administrative justice system serve the citizen or the state? What role do individual service users have in the design, use, and evaluation of more bureaucratic systems of redress? Different notions of justice, as they relate to primary decision-making processes, have been described through various models. This chapter provides a set of tools with which to study the subject and argues for the importance of user voice and perceptions of fairness in the provision of a more citizen-focussed justice.
The Ancient Civilizations
Authors: Fowler William R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter provides an interpretive synthesis of the current state of knowledge of the pre-Columbian civilizations of Central America from the time of earliest human habitation until European contact. In terms of cultural affinities, the northern portion of the area formed the southeastern periphery of the culture area of Mesoamerica, and the southern regions pertained to the Isthmo-Colombian area (or Intermediate Area). With its relatively high population density, the area is highly susceptible to volcanic, seismic, and climatic natural disasters such as droughts, tropical storms, flooding, and landslides, and the same was true in the past. A recurrent theme in the study of ancient Central American civilizations is the impact of natural disasters and societal responses to cataclysmic events.
Central America under Spanish Colonial Rule
Authors: Webre Stephen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Central American isthmus was under Spanish colonial rule for approximately three centuries (ca. 1502–1821). Known interchangeably as the kingdom, audiencia, or captaincy-general of Guatemala, the region occupied territory that would later become the republics of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, plus the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Unlike New Spain and Peru, Central America did not possess great mineral wealth, but its location between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans made it an important strategic asset. As did other parts of Spain’s overseas empire, Central America presented challenges of governance and defense. During the Habsburg era (to 1700), the colonial state took shape organically, drawing upon existing peninsular models within a framework of collaboration between the monarchy and local allies, including colonial and indigenous elites and the Roman Catholic Church. This system was not elegant, but it worked as long as authorities in Spain were willing to accept a degree of corruption and inefficiency in public administration. Under the Bourbons (1700–1821), Spain’s new rulers undertook an ambitious program of reforms meant to correct the weaknesses of the old system, while promoting economic growth, strengthening defenses, and enhancing revenues. Judged by their own standards, the Bourbon Reforms registered some successes, but they also bred disaffection. The eventual cost became apparent when the traditional allegiances forged in the Habsburg era dissolved under the pressure of constant warfare, and especially the 1808 Napoleonic invasion of Spain, which precipitated the empire-wide independence crisis.
Malaya Sadovaya in the History of Leningrad Unofficial Culture
Authors: Morse Ainsley 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Malaya Sadovaya, a short street in Leningrad/St. Petersburg, is similarly the name for a loosely organized social and cultural scene encompassing, among other frequent visitors, a number of young poets. In the history of Leningrad unofficial culture, the Malaya Sadovaya poets represent a significant shift from a primarily “oral” culture of informal public and semipublic readings to a new orientation toward printed works: in 1965, several of the MS poets published a samizdat “almanac” of their work, Fioretti. Along the same lines, Malaya Sadovaya can be seen as marking a path from officially sponsored creative-writing groups to a self-consciously unofficial culture, implicitly (and sometimes explicitly) opposed to the mainstream Soviet aesthetic.
Families, Relationships, and Technology
Authors: Wilding Raelene 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Digital media are transforming families and relationships. Whether these changes are best thought of as positive or negative needs to be considered within a larger context of social transformation, in which changing gender roles and labor markets, cultural norms of intimacy and relationships, and globalization and migration are also contributing to rapid changes in family life. Drawing on recent theoretical developments that emphasize family as a set of practices and digital media as simultaneously social and technological, this chapter considers the intersections of family and technology across the life course, from partnering to pregnancy and adoption to parenting, family support, and aged care. The evidence suggests a mixed impact of digital media on family life. The popularity of digital media suggests that there is a strong desire for families to remain in touch and that people use digital media to maintain strong bonds of intimacy and family connection, even when circumstances require them to live at a distance. In some cases, access to digital media is contributing to the democratization of relationships across gender, class, and age groups. At the same time, it appears that digital media are also capable of both reinforcing existing inequalities and generating new asymmetries of power. To illustrate these complex trends, examples are drawn from a rich and growing body of research on how families are using digital media around the world and with what consequences, including the experiences of migrants and refugees.
The Sociology of Self-Tracking and Embodied Technologies
Authors: Wissinger Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter outlines how scholars have examined wearable technologies’ role in troubling boundaries of interest to sociologists: work/leisure, public/private, nature/culture, body/self. It offers an overview of the kinds of technologies scholars have studied, then highlights three groups of analyses: those that treat wearables as facilitators of body/self interactions; others that investigate them as data gathering devices that open the body to concerns about big data; and finally, those that argue that these devices’ design obscures highly gendered and raced functions and content. The sections treat these studies’ contribution to debates about the quantified self movement, issues in technology with privacy and surveillance, and feminist critiques of technology; and the chapter concludes with a discussion of critical race studies, arguing for the key role sociologists could play in engaging with wearables from this perspective moving forward.
Implementation of International Environmental Law
Authors: Ivanova Maria , Escobar-Pemberthy Natalia , Dubrova Anna , Famiglietti Candace 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
International environmental law is a key governance instrument for the protection of the environment. Countries take on a range of obligations when they join multilateral environmental agreements. This chapter presents a comparative assessment of the implementation of international environmental law in 13 countries for four agreements dealing with pollution and conservation. It offers an empirical assessment based on the Environmental Conventions Index (ECI) developed at the Center for Governance and Sustainability at the University of Massachusetts, Boston, and compares performance across four key categories: regulation, management, information, and technical measures. The analysis establishes a baseline for assessing the implementation of international environmental law and explaining the impact of national characteristics, policies, and actions on the fulfillment and effectiveness of international environmental agreements.
The Equal Rights Amendment, Then and Now
Authors: Suk Julie C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One hundred years in the making, the Equal Rights Amendment is the only proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution that has met the requirements of Article V of the Constitution but has not been added to the Constitution due to a congressionally imposed ratification deadline. The amendment guarantees that “[e]quality of rights shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex,” like gender equality guarantees in most constitutions around the world. This chapter exposes the unique trajectory of the Equal Rights Amendment to shed light on the process of feminist constitutional change and the evolution of substantive feminist legal aspirations. The revival of the ERA ratification process, decades after Congress’s deadlines, has generated transgenerational public meanings for a new body of gender equality law and public policy.
Feminism, Privacy, and Law in Cyberspace
Authors: Gilman Michele Estrin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Feminism has long centered on breaking down the public and private divide that traditionally organized social relations and subordinated women. Privacy is lauded for giving women space for self-determination, but it is also criticized for creating spaces where patriarchy and misogyny can flourish unchecked. Cyberspace heightens the stakes of this tension because it creates almost limitless access to people’s personal data. We live in a datafied society powered by digital profiling, automated decisionmaking, and surveillance systems in which we no longer control our personal data; rather, it is used to control us. Women face multiple, gendered harms in cyberspace, including online harassment, digital discrimination, and sexual surveillance by the “femtech” industry. Yet the United States lacks comprehensive privacy laws, and its analog-era antidiscrimination statutes are no match for the digital world. American privacy protections hinge upon a notice-and-consent regime that puts the onus on users to protect their privacy rather than the entities that benefit from gathering individual’s personal data. Women and other marginalized people have suffered through a loss of privacy in the digital age, but activists have made efforts to ameliorate the harms of cyberspace and to shape privacy norms in a feminist and inclusive manner. It is important to understand the meaning of privacy through four waves of feminist theorizing and activism, to analyze how American privacy law responds to major gender equity challenges in cyberspace, and to examine current feminist theories and models of resistance.
Theory’s Tone Deafness
Authors: McGraw Andrew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter describes the relevance, failures, and possibilities of music theory in a jail music program in which rap and hip-hop are the primary genres the largely African-American participants produce. Participants’ “ethnotheory” mediates the theoretical frameworks underlying the software they use and the theoretical concepts the author brings into the jail. The author asks how music theory might be more useful in carceral contexts, both in terms of its analytical perspectives and as a strategic legitimation of inmate’s expressions in an oppressive social context. The author interrogates the claim that academic arts programs in carceral contexts are often exploitative and that music theory in such contexts may represent a form of epistemic injustice. Finally, the chapter concludes with some suggestions on how academic music theorists might further the aims of social justice in carceral spaces.
How Robots Have Politics
Authors: Sparrow Robert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In an influential essay, published in the 1980s, philosopher of technology Langdon Winner (1980), asked, ‘Do artefacts have politics?’ His answer, confirmed by subsequent decades of science and technology studies, was a resounding ‘Yes!’ Artefacts have political choices embedded in their design and entrench these politics in their applications. Moreover, because technologies are better suited to serving some ends rather than others, artefacts shape the societies in which they are developed by shaping the circumstances of their own use. This chapter explores how robots have politics and how those politics are relevant to their ethics. It suggests that, for a number of reasons, robots have more politics than do other sorts of artefacts.