bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BURIED FURROWS OF MEDIEVAL ARABLE IMPLEMENTS IN CHERNIHIV
Authors: Chernenko O. Ye. 
Published: November 2021

Evidence of ancient plowing systems known in Scandinavia, Denmark, Italy and Poland was found in North-western Rus on the Rurik hill-fort and Novgorod. Almost always they were dated to the 9th—10th century. Evidence of several arable area, dated by the ceramics of Romny culture to the 9th—10th century, was occurred on the left bank of the Dnieper: in Prorva, near Trubchevsk (Bryansk region, Russian Federation) and Avtunichi in the Chernihiv region. A ploughed area in the northern part of the Chernihiv hill fort was recorded by V. Kovalenko in 1986. Similar traces were recorded by the author in 2005—2006 on the neighboring site at the area of more than 1,500 m2. The plough line were visible in the virgin soil as long (up to 10 m) rather narrow (from 2 to 10 cm) and deep (5—10 cm) furrows of triangular cross-section. They were filled by the light grey sandy loam with charcoal inclusions. The furrows overlapped each other perpendicularly forming the dense mesh. Individual double furrows with an internal distance of about 20 cm were also recorded. They are evidence of use of the double plough with narrow sub-triangular points. Judging by the location of the furrows the crosswise ploughing of the field was repeatedly carried out over several years. The horizon above ploughing was dated to the 10th century. This dating was based first of all on the finds of rough thick-walled Rus ceramic vessels with a slightly turned, flaring, flat rims, in combination with single fragments of handmade Romny culture ceramics and a slate spindle whorl. The presence of the plowing system directly before the appearance of settlement also challenges the frequently expressed opinion that earlier layers of the of the Chernihiv hill fort were completely destroyed by later activity. Had that been the case, the furrows would not have survived either.
THE SETTLEMENT OF VYSHENKY 1 ON DESNA RIVER
Authors: Zharov G. V. , Terpylovskyi R. V. 
Published: November 2021

In 2013, the Livoberezhna Archaeological Expedition made the rescue excavations at the Vyshenky 1 settlement near the Vyshenky village Korop district of Chernihiv region. The settlement is located on the edge of the high right bank of the Desna River. In the excavation area of 120 m2 more than 20 ancient household pits, a number of post-holes and the part of building 1. In addition to some finds of the Bronze Age and Kyiv Rus the main materials date to the 1st millennium AD.
The lower horizon (building 1, pits 4, 12, 20, 21, 23) belongs to the Kyiv culture of the Late Roman period. The building was probably square semi-dwelling house with a central pillar. Pottery is represented mainly by pots of weakly profiled and ribbed forms. The flattened biconical spindle whorls with a large hole, as well as single fragments of pottery were occurred in the objects. In addition to fragments of typical Chernyakhiv pottery, the fragment of a red slip bowl of the second half of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries, unique for Desna basin region, was found. Obviously, this is t the possible final date for the layer of Kyiv culture.
The upper horizon of the settlement belongs to the sites of the Sakhnivka-Volyntsevo circle. Pits 6, 17—19, 22 contained the fragments of convex-sided pots with bent rims, usually ornamented with finger impressions on the edge, and frying pans. The flattened-rounded spindle whorls and fragments of clay ovoid blocks belong to the same period.
The hand-made pottery from sites of the Sakhnivka type is practically indistinguishable from significant part of the ceramics of the Volyntsevo culture, so the pottery of different types which often occurs in complexes with the hand-made ceramics usually becomes the diagnostic sign. In Sakhnivka sites there are sometimes pottery of the Pastyrske type, and in the Volyntsevo sites dating a little later there are so-called “pots of the Volyntsevo type”. However, in the settlement of Vyshenky 1 the household pits of this horizon contained only hand-made pottery, so it is difficult to draw a final conclusion about its cultural and chronological identification.
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING OF THE FIRST HALF OF 17th century IN LUBECH
Authors: Veremeychyk O. M. 
Published: November 2021

The antiquities of Lyubech of 17th—18th centuries have been known to the scientific community since the B. O. Rybakov’s excavation of the hillfort Zamkova Hora during 1957—1960. Here the powerful cultural layer and remains of buildings, including defensive ones has been recorded. Next time the dwellings and household buildings of this period were recorded by the works of A. L. Kazakov in Lyubech suburb (posad) in 1989—1990. At the beginning of the current century the archaeological expedition of the Taras Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Collegium”, headed by the author, explored significant areas of the ancient Lyubech in three places — hillforts Zamkova Hora and Monastirishche, as well as the suburb (posad) of Lyubech near stone building (Kamianitsa) of hetman Poubotok. Just at its territory where 372 m2 have been excavated the residential and commercial buildings of the 17th—18th centuries were disco-vered.
In 2013 and 2016 the remains of rich residential building destroyed in a fire in the middle of the 17th century have been discovered. It is located 13 m north of the north-west corner of the Kamianitsa.
The structure was built on the basement. The interior details of the ground floor have preserved in the upper burnt layers of the consruction pit. To the left of the entrance, in the eastern corner, the remains of destroyed furnace were discovered, and to the right of the entrance, near the wall, a large stone (0.55 Ч 0.25 Ч 0.36 m) was found.
Fragments of kitchen and tableware dating to the first half — mid-seventeenth century were found in the filling of the building. Part of the tableware is decorated with green, yellow, light brown and brown glaze. In addition to the pottery there were also found parts of knives with bone grips, steel, spring and hinged scissors, a fragment of a pipe, fishing sinkers and horseshoes. Among the unique finds the seal cast made from copper alloy should be noted. In the burnt layer of the building and below it the items dated back to the 10th—12th centuries such as the bridle pendant (reshma), fragment of encolpion, bracelet, pin, fragment of a lunula which are made of copper alloy have been occurred, as well as the gold-glass bead, fragment of a glass bracelet, fragments of pyrophillit spindle wheel and plate. Probably during household works the residents of Lyubech of the 17th century accidentally found the old items, collected and stored them.
Thus, the discovered residential building belonged to the wealthy resident of Lyubech and was destroyed in fire in the middle of 17th century.
ABOUT THE SPREADING OF SOME TYPES OF METAL (COPPER-BRONZE) ORNAMENTS IN THE BURIALS THE EARLY AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE OF THE STEPPE CULTURES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Chernykh L. A. 
Published: November 2021

Based on the materials of the Yamnaya and the Catacomb CHC (culture-historical community), the types of forged ornaments of the burial garment, made on the basis of thin copper / bronze plates-beads and hoops, their morphological modifications, position on the garment, spreading in territorial and chronological aspects are analyzed. The quantitative characteristics are given against the background of a representative sample of burials from the main areas of the indicated cultures of Ukraine (tables 1—3). The irregular spreading of these types of jewelry was established, which is explained both by the technical capabilities of production and the specificity of local ethno-cultural traditions.
The massifs of the North-Western Black Sea region are distinguished by the quantitative predominance of spikes and small hoops, which emphasizes the special cultural context of the Budjak Culture of the Early Bronze Age in the region. The prevailing trend of their use in the composition of typesetting bracelets is also noted here. These types of jewelry are much less represented in other regions of the Yamnaya CHC, where the prevailing trend is their use in necklaces, hats or hairstyles, and the use of hoops in the decoration of a waist belt.
The appearance in burials of the EBA / MBA of rare finds of spiral beads, small items with punch ornaments, hoops-bracelets reflects the desire for a variety of «lamellar» decorations in the context of traditional technologies. Large hoops with punch ornaments are a special type. Being a continuation in the development of symbolic objects of steppe cultures of the Ponto-Ciscaucasian community, they are an innovation of the Early Catacomb tribes of the Northern Black Sea region.
The Middle Bronze Age is the time of the appearance of numerous types of cast ornaments, which to a certain extent replace forged ones, which took place mainly in Donets river region with sources of raw materials and close to the advanced technologies foci. Beads are found sporadically in the catacomb burials of Donets river region (Donetsk and Late Catacomb burials) and small hoops are absent. The Ingul Catacomb Culture is distinguished by the presence of small plate ornaments, which reflects the persistent archaism of local metalworking.
FLAT AXES-CHISELS OF THE TRYPILLIA CULTURE FROM THE DNIEPER REGION
Authors: Hoshko T. Y. 
Published: November 2021

Copper flat axes of the Szбkalhбt type are a fairly common type of tools in the contemporary withstages Trypillia BI—II, CI cultures of Central Europe. These tools are characterized by asymmetry of the profile — one curved side and a flat other. The collection of Trypillia metal of the National Museum of History of Ukraine contains five Szбkalhбt-type products from the excavations of V. Khvoyka. Due to the attribution, it was established that they originated from the settlements of Trypillia and Veremya (the last quarter of 5th millennium BC), Khalepya and Chernyakhiv (first half of 4st millennium BC). Flat axes from Trypillia, Veremia and Chernyakhiv belongs to the Szбkalhбt type, Vбroslőd variant. The axe-chisel from Halepya has no analogies.
Remains of seams on the side surfaces are often shifted to a flat surface. indicating casting in a two-sided form, one of the sash of which had a deeper negative than the other. Regarding the type of mold for casting flat axes from Trypillia, some questions arose. The presence of dents on its curved surface, which have been cast from a mold, may indicate the use of a model made of either wax or fired clay. Only in such a way could similar marks appear on the surface of the casting. It is concluded that the flat axel from Trypillia may have been cast according to the wax model. This technology has been known since the time of Varna Culture (5th millennium BC). But we do not know yet whether it was known to Trypillia population.
The tools are cast from copper, which contains minor impurities of other metals (from tenths to thousandths parts of a percent). This corresponds to the results of spectral analysis of the similar products from Central Europe.
The blade part was formed using forging: it has expanded sideways, the blade was given a more rounded shape. Sometimes the blade part was formed by the sediment of the cutting edge (Trypillia). The technology of casting flat axes blanks from the Middle Dniprо, followed by blacksmithing, does not differ from the Central European ones and is typical for the period of existence of these tools throughout their distribution. Smaller sizes and new original shapes, inherent only in the Dniprо products, indicate their local production.
Portugal d’agora, de João do Rio
Authors: Santos Simões Junior Alvaro 
Published: November 2021

Resenha do livro:
RIO, João do. Portugal d’agora. Int., ed. e notas por Sílvia Maria Azevedo e Tania Regina de Luca. Lisboa: CLEPUL/FLUL; São Paulo: Ed. Unesp Digital, 2020.
Pengembangan Sistem Manajemen Proyek pada Smart City and Community Innovation Center ITB
Authors: Salam Abdul , Maryanto Budi 
Published: November 2021

Kebutuhan utama institusi yang menangani proyek terutama adalah dalam hal manajemen sumber daya : bagaimana sumber daya yang tersedia dapat digunakan secara efektif sehingga target proyek dapat tercapai dengan baik dan tepat waktu. Seringkali muncul kesulitan dalam tracking progress suatu task/tugas, serta pendelegasian task/tugas per proyek yang tidak menentu, sehingga mengakibatkan kerugian jangka panjang bagi institusi yang bersangkutan.
Artikel ini akan memaparkan pengembangan sistem manajemen proyek di Smart City And Community Innovation Center (SCCIC) ITB. Sistem akan menangani manajemen task/tugas, laporan kemajuan proyek atau task/tugas, pendelegasian anggota yang terlibat, hingga pengajuan tiket/ticket (berupa error, bug, question, dan lainnya) untuk tiap task/tugas. Sistem akan dibangun dengan metodologi berbasis object. Beberapa diagram UML digunakan sebagai perangkat pemodelan sistem.
Pengembangan Usahatani Jagung Pipilan di Kecamatan Muara Badak Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara: Pendekatan Analisis SWOT
Authors: Dwijatenaya Ida Bagus Made Agung , Damayanti Arista , Jainuddin Jainuddin 
Published: November 2021

Sentra pertanian telah tumbuh di berbagai daerah. Salah satu sentra pertanian bahan pangan yang berkembang pesat di Kecamatan Muara Badak Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara adalah komoditi jagung pipilan. Selain adanya peluang dan kekuatan yang dimiliki pengembangan komoditi jagung tersebut juga memiliki kelemahan dan ancaman dari berbagai pihak. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor internal (kekuatan, kelemahan) dan eksternal (peluang, ancaman) usahatani jagung pipilan serta menganalisis strategi pengembangan usahatani jagung pipilan Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Muara Badak, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Data yang dianalisis bersumber dari primer dan sekunder. Data primer dihimpun melalui informan kunci yang berjumlah 10 orang. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan analisis SWOT Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa strategi yang harus dikembangkan adalah strategi defensive (sel 4). Strategi ini merupakan upaya menyiasati kelemahan dan ancaman untuk digunakan mempertahankan usahatani.
Evaluation of a two-question screening tool in the detection of intimate partner violence in a primary healthcare setting in South Africa
Authors: Saimen A. , Armstrong E. , Manitshana C. , Govender I. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Intimate partner violence has been recognised globally as a human rights violation. It is universally under-diagnosed and the institution of timeous multi-faceted interventions has been noted to benefit intimate partner violence victims. Currently the concept of using a screening tool to detect intimate partner violence has not been widely explored in a primary healthcare setting in South Africa, and for this reason the current study was undertaken. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the operating characteristics of a two-question screening tool for intimate partner violence (Women Abuse Screening Tool–short); and (2) to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence among women attending an outpatient department, using a validated questionnaire (Women Abuse Screening Tool). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively at the outpatient department of a primary care hospital, with systematic sampling of one in eight women over a period of three months. Participants were asked about their experience of intimate partner violence during the past 12 months. The Women Abuse Screening Tool–short was used to screen patients for intimate partner violence. To verify the result of the screening, women were also asked the remaining questions from the full Women Abuse Screening Tool. Results: Data were collected from 400 participants, with a response rate of 99.3%. Based on the results for the Women Abuse Screening Tool, the prevalence of intimate partner violence in the sample was 32%. The Women Abuse Screening Tool–short was shown to have a sensitivity of 45.2% and specificity of 98%. Conclusion: With its high prevalence, intimate partner violence is a health problem at this facility. The Women Abuse Screening Tool–short lacks sufficient sensitivity and therefore is not an ideal screening tool for this primary care ambulatory setting. The low sensitivity can be attributed to the participants’ understanding of the screening questions, which utilise Eurocentric definitions of intimate partner violence. Improvement in the sensitivity of the Women Abuse Screening Tool–short in this setting may be achieved by lowering the threshold for a positive result.
Prescribing of meprobamate-containing combination analgesics in South Africa
Authors: Truter I. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Meprobamate is a constituent of various combination analgesics in South Africa. Due to the lack of recent literature on the prescribing patterns of combination analgesics containing meprobamate and in the light of its possible higher re-scheduling, this study was conducted. The primary aim was to establish the extent of meprobamate-containing combination analgesic prescribing using a prescription claims database.Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional drug utilisation study was conducted on prescription data of a medical insurance scheme administrator in South Africa for 2011.Results: A total of 31,854 patients received 97,491 analgesics during 2011. Within ATC category N02B, 62.10% of prescriptions were for analgesic combinations, of which 20,326 prescriptions were for meprobamate-containing analgesics. A total of 10,404 patients (53.00% males) were prescribed meprobamate-containing analgesics. Overall, 20.85% of all analgesics prescribed were therefore meprobamate-containing analgesics. Patients who received meprobamate-containing analgesics were slightly older (39.52 years) compared with patients who received analgesics in general (33.61 years). Twenty-two trade names of meprobamate-containing analgesics were prescribed. Seventeen of these products contained exactly the same strengths of active ingredients, namely 320 mg paracetamol, 8 mg codeine phosphate, 32 mg caffeine and 150 mg meprobamate. The originator product constituted 3.72% of prescribing frequency (average cost: R30.42) compared with 70.63% for the most popular generic (average cost: R11.65).Conclusions: Prescribers should be conscious of the benefits and risks of the active ingredient combinations. Further studies including patient and prescriber perceptions of different combinations are recommended.
Examining the Psychological Health Quality of Life of Older People with Disability in Selected Districts in Ghana
Authors: Nantomah Bismark , Yendaw Elijah , Borbor Frank M. , Asante-Afari Kwando 
Published: November 2021

Older people in Ghana suffer from a wide range of disabilities including visual, physical, and hearing with serious ramifications on their quality of life. Therefore, this paper examines the psychological health quality of life (PHQOL) of older people with disability in selected Districts in the Upper West Region of Ghana. Through a census survey, questionnaires were used to obtain data from 810 respondents.Independent-samples t-test and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to examine their PHQOL. The results showed that mean scores in PHQOL were highest among those aged 60-69 and lowest for those aged 80 years and older with a significant difference [F (807) = 23.872 value, p = 0.000] in PHQOL of their ages. Those who were married had the highest PHQOL mean score compared with those who were separated / divorced and widowed with significant difference [F (807) = 42.690 value, p = 0.000] noticed in PHQOL across marital statuses. Also, those with physical disability had a higher mean score in PHQOL than those with visual disability. The study concludes that any geriatric policy interventions aimed at improving the PHQOL of older people with disability ought not to downplay their background characteristics as they underpin their PHQOL.
Impact of Inflation on Gross Domestic Product Growth in Ghana
Authors: Kankpeyeng Justine G. , Maham Ishaque , Abubakar Marzuk 
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the impact of inflation and other macroeconomic variables such as physical capital, government expenditure, and money supply on GDP growth in Ghana. The study obtained data from the World Development Indicators for the period 1986-2018 and employed vector autoregressive (VAR) models for the analysis. The results showed that general inflation, low inflation rates, physical capital, and money supply have positive, statistically, significant, effect on GDP growth, while, government expenditure and high inflation have negative, statistically significant, effect on GDP growth for the period studied. The study concludes that GDP grows positively at a general level of inflation and low rates of inflation but grows negatively at a high rate of inflation in Ghana. The study, therefore, recommends that government should implement monetary and fiscal policies that will help keep inflation rates low and redirect her spending to the productive sectors in the country to enhance GDP growth.
Model Penanaman Nilai Karakter Disiplin Mahasiswa dalam Meningkatkan Sumber Daya Unggul di Era 4.0
Authors: Urbanus Urbanus 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out the model for inculcating the value of disciplinary character by lecturers to foster student discipline character values in increasing superior resources in the 4.0 era. This research is motivated by the lack of student discipline in learning. It can be seen that students are late in collecting assignments from the allotted time and the results of the work done. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with 7 students as the research subject. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation and interviews. Furthermore, data analysis, data presentation and conclusions are made. The results of this study indicate that the model for inculcating student discipline character values in improving superior resources in the 4.0 era is the habituation model, the exemplary model and the coaching model. The value of disciplined character is a positive attitude that affects students' abilities, so that they have superior resources in the 4.0 era. AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui model penanaman nilai karakter disiplin yang dilakukan dosen untuk menumbuhkan nilai karakter disiplin mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan sumber daya unggul di era 4.0. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kurangnya disiplin mahasiswa dalam belajar. Hal tersebut terlihat keterlambatan mahasiswa dalam mengumpulkan tugas dari waktu yang telah ditentukan dan hasil tugas yang dikerjakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian 7 orang mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data, penyajian data dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model penanaman nilai karakter disiplin mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan sumber daya unggul di era 4.0 yaitu model pembiasaan, model keteladanan dan model pembinaan. Nilai karakter disiplin merupakan sebuah sikap positif yang memengaruhi kemampuan mahasiswa, sehingga memiliki sumber daya unggul di era 4.0.