bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the therapeutic effects of hysteroscopic polypectomy with and without doxycycline treatment on chronic endometritis with endometrial polyps
Authors: Kuroda Keiji , Takamizawa Satoru , Motoyama Hiroshi , Tsutsumi Ryo , Sugiyama Rie , Nakagawa Koji , Sugiyama Rikikazu , Kuribayashi Yasushi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProblemWe aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of hysteroscopic polypectomy with and without doxycycline treatment on chronic endometritis (CE) with endometrial polyps.Method of study: DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted on 267 infertile patients, of whom 243 were recruited, who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy between March 2019 and March 2020. During surgery, the endometrial specimens for the immunohistochemistry analysis of the plasma cell marker CD138 and for the intrauterine bacterial culture were obtained to diagnose CE, and the prevalence of CE was analyzed. Of the 222 women who were diagnosed with CE after polypectomy, we treated 62 women with doxycycline (antibiotic group) and did not provide antibiotics in 160 women (non‐antibiotic group).ResultsMost of the infertile patients with endometrial polyps had CE (92.6%). The recovery rate from CE by hysteroscopic polypectomy was significantly higher in the non‐antibiotic group than in the antibiotic group (88.8% and 58.1%, respectively, p < 0.0001). The duration of recovery from CE in the non‐antibiotic group was shorter than that in the antibiotic group (42.6 ± 41.0 and 56.5 ± 32.3 days, respectively, p < 0.0001). The clinical pregnancy rate within 6 months in non‐antibiotic group was higher than that in the antibiotic group (63.2% and 43.8%, respectively, p = 0.034).ConclusionEndometrial polyps are significantly associated with CE. Most CE patients with endometrial polyps had been cured by polypectomy without doxycycline. Inappropriate antibiotic therapy may delay recovery from CE and decrease the efficacy of polypectomy on CE and pregnancy rates.
Do endometrial natural killer and regulatory T cells differ in infertile and clinical pregnancy patients? An analysis in patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer cycles
Authors: Sauerbrun‐Cutler May‐Tal , Huber Warren J. , Krueger Paula M. , Sung C. James , Has Phinnara , Sharma Surendra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProblemClinical significance of endometrial and peripheral blood natural killer (NK) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) during frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles has not been well characterized.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Method of StudyEndometrial tissue was collected from infertility patients prior to a frozen embryo transfer cycle as part of an endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA®) biopsy or endometrial scratch test. Uterine NK (uNK) and Treg cell density was compared based on pregnancy status in the subsequent frozen embryo transfer cycle. Peripheral blood was also collected from a separate cohort of patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer. Treg cell density was compared by the presence or the absence of a clinical pregnancy in each phase of the cycle.ResultsIn the 33 luteal phase biopsies there were more endometrial Tregs, similar uNK and a trend toward lower CD16+ uNK cells in women with a future ongoing clinical pregnancy compared to non‐pregnant women. There were no differences in uNK and Treg density in natural scratch cycles vs programmed cycles or in non‐receptive vs receptive endometrium (ERA® cycles). In the peripheral blood analysis, the pregnant group had higher peripheral blood Tregs on the day of serum β‐hCG time point when compared to the non‐pregnant group.ConclusionHigher levels of endometrial Tregs and lower levels of CD16+ uNK cells are positive prognostic factors for infertile women prior to frozen embryo transfer. Our work on phenotypic and proportional analyses of endometrial immune cells may complement the ERA® in predicting improved pregnancy rates in patients with implantation failure.
Density estimation for circular data observed with errors
Authors: Di Marzio Marco , Fensore Stefania , Panzera Agnese , Taylor Charles C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUntil now the problem of estimating circular densities when data are observed with errors has been mainly treated by Fourier series methods. We propose kernel‐based estimators exhibiting simple construction and easy implementation. Specifically, we consider three different approaches: the first one is based on the equivalence between kernel estimators using data corrupted with different levels of error. This proposal appears to be totally unexplored, despite its potential for application also in the Euclidean setting. The second approach relies on estimators whose weight functions are circular deconvolution kernels. Due to the periodicity of the involved densities, it requires ad hoc mathematical tools. Finally, the third one is based on the idea of correcting extra bias of kernel estimators which use contaminated data and is essentially an adaptation of the standard theory to the circular case. For all the proposed estimators, we derive asymptotic properties, provide some simulation results, and also discuss some possible generalizations and extensions. Real data case studies are also included.
The selection gap in teacher education: Adverse effects of ethnicity, gender, and socio‐economic status on situational judgement test performance
Authors: Bardach Lisa , Rushby Jade V. , Klassen Robert M. 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundSituational judgement tests (SJTs) measure non‐cognitive attributes and have recently drawn attention as a selection method for initial teacher education programmes. To date, very little is known about adverse impact in teacher selection SJT performance.AimsThis study aimed to shed light on adverse effects of gender, ethnicity, and socio‐economic status (SES) on SJT scores, by exploring both main effects and interactions, and considering both overall SJT performance and separate SJT domain scores (mindset, emotion regulation, and conscientiousness).SampleA total of 2,808 prospective teachers from the United Kingdom completed the SJTs as part of the initial stage of selection into a teacher education programme.MethodsIn addition to SJT scores, the variables gender (female vs. male), ethnicity (majority group vs. minority group), and home SES background (higher SES status vs. lower SES status) were used in the analyses. Regression models and moderated regression models were employed.Results and conclusionsResults from the regression models revealed that gender effects (females scoring higher than males) were restricted to emotion regulation, while ethnicity effects (ethnic majority group members scoring higher than ethnic minority group members) emerged for SJT overall scores and all three domains. Moderated regression modelling results furthermore showed significant interactions (gender and ethnicity) for SJT overall scores and two domains. Considering the importance of reducing subgroup differences in selection test scores to ensure equal access to teacher education, this study’s findings are a critical contribution. The partially differentiated results for overall vs. domain‐specific scores point towards the promise of applying a domain‐level perspective in research on teacher selection SJTs.
The influence of multiple salt layers on rift‐basin development; The Slyne and Erris basins, offshore NW Ireland
Authors: O’Sullivan Conor M. , Childs Conrad J. , Saqab Muhammad M. , Walsh John J. , Shannon Patrick M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn contrast to much of the European Atlantic margin, the influence of salt on basin evolution has received little attention to date in the basins west of Ireland, despite salt being proven in several boreholes. Using an extensive seismic reflection database coupled with data from exploration wells and shallow boreholes, this study maps the distribution and composition of salt layers and investigates their role in the structural evolution of the Slyne and Erris basins offshore west of Ireland. Two salt‐prone intervals have been proven. The Upper Permian Zechstein Group is present throughout the Slyne and Erris basins, whereas the Upper Triassic Uilleann Halite Member is only developed in the Northern Slyne and Southern Erris sub‐basins. Both sedimentary units mechanically detach pre‐, post‐ and intra‐salt stratigraphy. Both salt layers underwent halokinesis during basin development, creating a variety of salt‐related structures. Salt pillows and salt rollers formed in the Zechstein Group, causing folding and rafting in the overlying Mesozoic section, driven by active faulting within the pre‐salt basement. Halokinesis in the Uilleann Halite Member caused thin‐skinned crestal collapse of the overlying Jurassic section above anticlines cored by Zechstein salt. Where both Triassic and Permian salt are present, unique structural geometries are formed when two stratigraphically discrete but kinematically linked halokinetic structures develop. The most common structural configuration consists of a Zechstein salt pillow and an Uilleann Halite salt wall separated by Lower Triassic sandstones. The fold axis of the salt pillow trends parallel to the strike of the salt wall. The results of this study provide a framework for the evolution of halokinetic structures in other basins on the Irish Atlantic margin, give a greater insight into the Permian and Triassic palaeogeography of the region and have more general implications for the evolution of salt‐related structures in rift basins with multiple stratigraphically discrete salt layers.
Compensated hypogonadism in men with sickle cell disease
Authors: Ribeiro Anna Paloma M. R. , Silva Caroline S. , Zambrano Jean Carlos C. , Miranda Juliana de Oliveira Freitas , Molina Carlos Augusto F. , Gomes Cristiano M. , Miranda Eduardo de Paula , de Bessa José 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of hypogonadism in a population of men with SCD and characterize its aetiology. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with the development of hypogonadism, but there is still controversy regarding its aetiology and clinical implications.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study of 34 men with SCD aged > 18 years. Sociodemographic and clinical data, including anthropometric measurements (weight, height and BMI), were obtained. Early morning, blood samples were collected and total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), a complete blood count and haemoglobin electrophoresis were measured. Eugonadism was defined as T ≥300 ng/dL and LH ≤9.4 mUI/mL; primary hypogonadism as T < 300 ng/dL and LH > 9.4 mUI/mL; secondary hypogonadism as T < 300 ng/dL and LH ≤ 9.4 mUI/mL; and compensated hypogonadism as T ≥ 300 ng/dL and LH > 9.4 mUI/mL.ResultsMedian age was 33 (26‐41) years, and SS genotype was the most frequent (73.5%). The prevalence of eugonadism, compensated hypogonadism and secondary hypogonadism was 67.5%, 26.4% and 5.88%, respectively. No men with primary hypogonadism were identified in our sample. Those with compensated hypogonadism had also higher FSH levels (>7.8 mUI/mL, P < .0001).ConclusionIn our study population of men with SCD, a high prevalence of compensated hypogonadism was identified, which is a controversial and distinct clinical entity that warrants monitoring and further research.
Surface characteristics on commercial dental implants differentially activate macrophages in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Abaricia Jefferson O. , Shah Arth H. , Ruzga Marissa N. , Olivares‐Navarrete Rene 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesBiomaterial implantation provokes an inflammatory response that controls integrative fate. M2 macrophages regulate the response to implants by resolving the inflammatory phase and recruiting progenitor cells to aid healing. We have previously shown that modified titanium (Ti) disks directly induce M2 macrophage polarization. The aim of this study was to examine macrophage response to commercially available Ti or Ti alloy implants with comparable roughness and varying hydrophilicity.Material and MethodsEleven commercially available Ti (A‐F) or Ti alloy (G‐K) dental implants were examined in this study. Surface topography, chemistry, and hydrophilicity were characterized for each implant. To compare the immune response in vitro, human monocyte‐derived macrophages were seeded on implants and secreted pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory proteins measured. To evaluate the inflammatory response in vivo, mice were subcutaneously instrumented with clinical implants, and implant adherent macrophage populations were characterized by flow cytometry.ResultsMacrophages on hydrophobic Implant C produced the highest level of pro‐inflammatory proteins in vitro. In contrast, hydrophilic Implant E produced the second‐highest pro‐inflammatory response. Implants F and K, both hydrophilics, produced the highest anti‐inflammatory protein secretions. Likewise, pro‐inflammatory CD80hi macrophages predominated in vivo on implants C and E, and M2 CD206 + macrophages predominated on implants F and K.ConclusionsThese findings show that hydrophilicity alone is insufficient to predict the anti‐inflammatory effect on macrophage polarization and that other properties—surface composition or topography—determine immune modulation. This in vivo model may be a useful screening method to compare the immunomodulatory response to clinical implants of disparate geometry or size.
A novel scoring system for evaluating laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Horvath Lukas , Hagmann Patricia , Burri Emanuel , Kraft Marcel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveAlthough laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a common condition in daily practice, no gold standard exists for its diagnosis. The objective of this study was to establish a simple and reliable scoring system for evaluating LPR consisting of both subjective and objective criteria.MethodsThis retrospective study includes 124 patients presenting with symptoms of LPR. In all patients, reflux symptom index (RSI), reflux finding score (RFS), oropharyngeal pH monitoring (PHM) and transnasal oesophagoscopy (TNE) were performed and rated in a special scoring system.ResultsA Horvath Score of 4‐5 for severe LPR was found in 76 patients (61%), a score of 2‐3 for non‐severe LPR in 38 patients (31%) and a score of 0‐1 for non‐existing LPR in 10 patients (8%) by combining the 4 validated diagnostic methods.ConclusionThe proposed scoring system qualifies as a simple and reliable tool for evaluating LPR in daily practice, directly impacting patient management.
Narrow‐band imaging for screening of oral premalignant or cancerous lesions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim Sung Won , Lee Jaeyoon , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt remains unclear whether the use of adjunctive diagnostic screening methods improves the diagnostic efficacies of oral premalignant and cancerous lesions.Objective of reviewWe evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of narrow‐band imaging used to detect oral cancer and precancerous lesions defined employing different narrow‐band imaging criteria.Type of reviewSystematic review and meta‐analyses.Search strategyWe searched PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to May 2020.Evaluation methodsThree different criteria for oral mucosal vascular changes using narrow‐band imaging were compared: class I: well‐demarcated brownish areas with thick dark spots and/or winding vessels; class II: intraepithelial papillary capillary looping of grades 2, 3 and 4; and class III: intraepithelial papillary capillary looping of grades 3 and 4. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (ver. 2) tool. We compared narrow‐band imaging to conventional white‐light imaging.ResultsWe included 10 prospective or retrospective studies (1374 patients). To detect all dysplastic and cancerous lesions, the class I criteria afforded the optimal specificity and sensitivity; the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.918. To detect highly dysplastic and advanced cancerous lesions, the class III criteria afforded appropriate specificity and sensitivity. The summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.905. When using the class III criteria, narrow‐band imaging afforded better specificity (0.941 [range 0.920, 0.9572], P < .0001) compared to white‐light imaging (0.520 [range 0.409, 0.629]). However, the white‐light imaging data were inconsistent and the ranges were broad; narrow‐band imaging may be considerably more accurate than white‐light imaging when using the class III criteria.ConclusionNarrow‐band imaging diagnosed oral premalignant or cancerous lesions much more reliably than white‐light imaging.
Effects of learning and adaptation on population viability
Authors: Indigo Naomi L. , Jolly Chris J. , Kelly Ella , Smith James , Webb Jonathan K. , Phillips Ben L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCultural adaptation is one means by which conservationists may help populations adapt to threats. A learned behavior may protect an individual from a threat, and the behavior can be transmitted horizontally (within generations) and vertically (between generations), rapidly conferring population‐level protection. Although possible in theory, it remains unclear whether such manipulations work in a conservation setting; what conditions are required for them to work; and how they might affect the evolutionary process. We examined models in which a population can adapt through both genetic and cultural mechanisms. Our work was motivated by the invasion of highly toxic cane toads (Rhinella marina) across northern Australia and the resultant declines of endangered northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus), which attack and are fatally poisoned by the toxic toads. We examined whether a novel management strategy in which wild quolls are trained to avoid toads can reduce extinction probability. We used a simulation model tailored to quoll life history. Within simulations, individuals were trained and a continuous evolving trait determined innate tendency to attack toads. We applied this model in a population viability setting. The strategy reduced extinction probability only when heritability of innate aversion was low (<20%) and when trained mothers trained >70% of their young to avoid toads. When these conditions were met, genetic adaptation was slower, but rapid cultural adaptation kept the population extant while genetic adaptation was completed. To gain insight into the evolutionary dynamics (in which we saw a transitory peak in cultural adaptation over time), we also developed a simple analytical model of evolutionary dynamics. This model showed that the strength of natural selection declined as the cultural transmission rate increased and that adaptation proceeded only when the rate of cultural transmission was below a critical value determined by the relative levels of protection conferred by genetic versus cultural mechanisms. Together, our models showed that cultural adaptation can play a powerful role in preventing extinction, but that rates of cultural transmission need to be high for this to occur.
Pharmacokinetic equivalence of CT‐P17 to high‐concentration (100 mg/ml) reference adalimumab: A randomized phase I study in healthy subjects
Authors: Yu Kyung‐Sang , Jang In‐Jin , Lim Hyeong‐Seok , Hong Jang Hee , Kim Min‐Gul , Park Min Kyu , Cho Doo‐Yeoun , Park Min Soo , Chung Jae Yong , Ghim Jong‐Lyul , Lee SeungHwan , Yoon Seok Kyu , Kwon In Sun , Lee Sang Joon , Kim Sung Hyun , Bae Yun Ju , Cha Jung Bin , Furst Daniel E. , Keystone Edward , Kay Jonathan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to demonstrate pharmacokinetic (PK) equivalence of a single dose of the proposed adalimumab biosimilar CT‐P17 to United States‐licensed adalimumab (US‐adalimumab) and European Union‐approved adalimumab (EU‐adalimumab). This double‐blind, parallel‐group, phase I trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03970824) was conducted at 10 hospitals (Republic of Korea), in which healthy subjects (1:1:1) were randomized to receive a single 40 mg (100 mg/ml) subcutaneous injection of CT‐P17, US‐adalimumab, or EU‐adalimumab. Primary end points were PK equivalence in terms of: area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0–inf); AUC from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0–last); and maximum serum concentration (Cmax). PK equivalence was concluded if 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for percent ratios of geometric least squares means (GLSMs) for pairwise comparisons were within the equivalence margin of 80–125%. Additional PK end points, safety, and immunogenicity were evaluated. Of the 312 subjects who were randomized (103 CT‐P17; 103 US‐adalimumab; 106 EU‐adalimumab), 308 subjects received study drug. AUC0–inf, AUC0–last, and Cmax were equivalent among CT‐P17, US‐adalimumab, and EU‐adalimumab, because 90% CIs for the ratios of GLSMs were within the 80–125% equivalence margin for each pairwise comparison. Secondary PK end points, safety, and immunogenicity were similar between treatment groups. In conclusion, PK equivalence for single‐dose administration of CT‐P17, EU‐adalimumab, and US‐adalimumab was demonstrated in healthy adults. Safety and immunogenicity profiles were comparable between treatment groups and consistent with previous reports for adalimumab biosimilars.
Body mass index, estimated glucose disposal rate and vascular complications in type 1 diabetes: Beyond glycated haemoglobin
Authors: Helliwell Rebecca , Warnes Harriet , Kietsiriroje Noppadol , Campbell Matthew , Birch Rebecca , Pearson Sam M. , Ajjan Ramzi A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo understand the relationship between insulin resistance (IR), assessed as estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), and microvascular/macrovascular complications in people with type 1 diabetes.Materials and methodsIndividuals with a confirmed diagnosis of type 1 diabetes were included in this cross‐sectional study. BMI was categorised into normal weight (18.0–24.9 kg m−2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg m−2) and obese groups (≥30.0 kg m−2). We categorised eGDR into four groups: eGDR >8, 6–7.9, 4–5.9 and <4 mg kg−1 min−1. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify associations with vascular complications, after adjusting for relevant confounders.ResultsA total of 2151 individuals with type 1 diabetes were studied. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] age was 41.0 [29.0, 55.0] with diabetes duration of 20.0 [11, 31] years. Odds ratio (OR) for retinopathy and nephropathy in obese compared with normal weight individuals was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.24–2.19; p = 0.001) and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.10–2.39; p = 0.015), while the association with cardiovascular disease just failed to reach statistical significance (OR 1.66 [95% CI: 0.97–2.86; p = 0.066]). Comparing individuals with eGDR ≥8 mg kg−1 min−1 and <4 mg kg−1 min−1 showed OR for retinopathy, nephropathy and macrovascular disease of 4.84 (95% CI: 3.36–6.97; p < 0.001), 8.35 (95% CI: 4.86–14.34; p < 0.001) and 13.22 (95% CI: 3.10–56.38; p < 0.001), respectively. Individuals with the highest eGDR category (≥8 mg kg−1 min−1) had the lowest complication rates irrespective of HbA1c levels.ConclusionsObesity is prevalent in type 1 diabetes and diabetes complications are not only related to glucose control. IR, assessed as eGDR, is strongly associated with both microvascular and macrovascular complications, regardless of HbA1c levels.