bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Picking Up Primary School Pupils on Surrounding Street’s Traffic: A Case Study in Hanoi
Authors: Hiep Dinh , V. Huy Vu , Kato Teppei , Kojima Aya , Kubota Hisashi 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
One of the significant characteristics of schools in Vietnam is that almost all parents send their children to school and/or pick up their children from school using private vehicles (motorcycles). The parents usually stop and park their vehicle on streets outside the school gates, which can lead to serious congestion and increases the likelihood of traffic accidents.

Methods:
The objective of this study is to find out factors affecting the picking up of pupils at primary school by evaluating the typical primary schools in Hanoi city. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors that influence the decision of picking up pupils and the waiting duration of parents. The behavior of motorcyclists during the process of picking up pupils at the primary school gate has been identified and analyzed in detail by the Kinovea software.

Results and Discussion:
The study showed that, on the way back home, almost all parents use motorbikes (89.15%) to pick up their children. During their waiting time (8.48 minutes in average), they made a lot of illegal parking actions on the street there by, causing a lot of “cognitive” errors and “crash” points surrounding in front of the primary school entrance gate. Risky picking-up behaviors were significantly observed, i.e. picking-up on opposite side of the school, making a U-turn, backing-up dangerously, parking on the middle of street, and parking on the street next to sidewalk).

Conclusion:
Based on the analyzed results, several traffic management measures have been suggested to enhance traffic safety and reduce traffic congestion in front of school gates. In addition, the results of the study will provide a useful reference for policymakers and authorities.
Providing the spatial rigidity of a multi-story wood-based frame building
Authors: Rozhkov A. F. , Lavrov A. A. , Pikuleva I. V. , Polivanov D. A. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. The article deals with the problem of ensuring the rigidity of a frame wooden multi-story building and ways to achieve the necessary spatial rigidity, taking into account the requirements of preserving the internal volume and free space. The case of excess spatial rigidity and measures to optimize it are provided to increase the economic efficiency of the project.Methods. A simpler and less time-consuming method is the initial estimation of the cross-sectional area of the rigid elements that take the wind load. The authors propose a method for the preliminary calculation of building stiffness with subsequent adjustment in the calculation scheme.Results. The design scheme of the building frame is made in the Scad Office software package to take into account the influence of the own structure weight, the redistribution of forces and movements due to the spatial work of the frame, with subsequent adjustment of the cross-sections of rigid elements.Conclusion. The most rational and least time-consuming method for numerical calculation of stiffness is the initial estimation of the cross-sectional area of the system of rigid elements. With its help, it is possible to avoid an excess of spatial rigidity of the building and reduce the time and labor costs for selecting the location of rigid elements.
Piston compressor cooling system with a pulsed flow of coolant with subsequent use of heat in the hot water supply system
Authors: Efimov A. Yu. , Saraikin M. N. , Efimov V. A. , Troshkin E. V. 
Published: January 2021

Цель. Большинство известных компрессоров используют механический привод от электродвигателя для достижения своей цели – перекачки необходимого потребителю количества сжатого воздуха. Во время работы любого компрессора прямого вытеснения выделяется большое количество тепла, которое вырабатывается как за счет трения движущихся частей блока, так и при сжатии воздуха.Метод. Предложена система охлаждения поршневого компрессора с импульсным потоком теплоносителя с последующим использованием тепла в системе ГВС при помощи пластинчатого теплообменника, зарекомендовавшего себя своей компактностью и эффективностью.Результат. С целью более глубокого отбора тепла в качестве типа движения нагреваемой линии был предложен импульсный поток, организованный при помощи ударного узла.Вывод. В качестве оценки системы было проведено сравнение с аналогичной системой со стационарным потоком, как по техническим параметрам (температура рубашки компрессора t руб. ; температура воздуха в ресивере tвозд. ; средняя тепловая мощность N ср. ; коэффициент теплопередачи K ; объём воздуха, перекачиваемый за 1 цикл Vвозд. ) так и по экономическим параметрам (время окупаемости установки по сравнению с аналогичной установкой со стационарным потоком Tок ).
Investigation of errors in the representation of 3D models in determining the parameters of parts of devices BY the example of a two-mass rotating system with elastic coupling
Authors: Bratchikov S. A. , Abramova E. A. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. The objective of the study is to consider the application field of modern device development and design methods using the means of 3D modeling and simulation of physical processes. The validity of the application and criteria for the reliability of the results obtained in the sequential design of the mechanical part of the electric drive and the control system are investigated.Methods. Methods of model representation of 3D objects in computer-aided design systems are considered, as well as methods for solving problems of determining strain under the applied load. Using the example of an elementary joint, the obtained results of the dynamic characteristic of an elastic shaft in a computer-aided design system are compared with those calculated analytically.Results. The article defines the basic principles and relations applicable to describing the shape of 3D models. Methods are shown by which it is possible to obtain information about the mass-centering model characteristics. The relations that form the basis of numerical methods for solving problems of determining elastic deformations of bodies are also given. The error that can occur when using insufficiently small elementary volumes in solving the problem of determining elastic deformation is shown.Conclusion. The use of 3D modeling in the design of complex technical systems is justified and speeds up production processes. However, numerical methods cannot always give an accurate result leading to the need to either increase the complexity of calculations or additionally adjust some designed device parameters.
Model of an electronic equipment cooling system based on the joint use of high-current thermoelectric semiconductor batteries and a thermal thermosipho
Authors: Sulin A. B. , Evdulov D. V. , Ibragimova A. M. , Semilyak A. I. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. The objective of the study is to develop a design model of the electronic equipment cooling system based on the combined use of high-current thermoelectric semiconductor batteries of layered design and an evaporative-condensing thermal thermosyphon, as well as to study the thermophysical processes occurring during its operation.Methods. A mathematical model of the electronic equipment cooling system based on the combined use of high-current layered thermoelectric batteries and an evaporative-condensing thermal thermosyphon is presented. The design model includes a description of heat exchange processes in a layered thermoelectric element at various supply currents, determination of the amount of heat transferred through the cross-section of the channel of a thermal thermosyphon per unit of time, and the temperature values at each channel point.Result. A 2D dynamic heat conduction problem is solved for a complex system with rectangular geometry of fragments and heat sources. The temperature distribution of a thermoelement along its longitudinal axis at different values of the supply current and the change in the heat flow along its length in a thermal evaporation-condensation thermosyphon are studied.Conclusion. The results of the research have shown the effectiveness of combined use of high-current layered thermoelectric batteries and a thermal thermosyphon in electronic equipment with dense element packaging. It is shown that to increase the efficiency of electronic equipment and reduce the heat losses that occur in the heat line when the heat-generating element of radio-electronic equipment and thermoelectric semiconductor batteries are separated by a sufficiently large distance (over 0.6 m), it is advisable to use an evaporative-condensing thermal thermosyphon as a heat line.
Application of the variation operator in a genetic algorithm for the synthesis of fuzzy controllers
Authors: Kulikova I. V. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Objective. This article studies the problem of increasing the efficiency of fuzzy controller synthesis in a control system using a genetic algorithm. The best parameters of the fuzzy controller are selected using the crossing-over and mutation operators in the genetic algorithm. The operation of the mutation operator can lead to the formation of an incorrect set of parameters, which complicates the procedure for synthesizing a fuzzy controller.Methods. Arrays of parameter sets of membership functions, conclusions, and rule weights that are included in the fuzzy controller are compiled using mathematical simulation. The mechanism of operation of single-point and two-point variation operators in the genetic algorithm is described by the simulation modeling.Results. Mathematical models of single-point and two-point variation operators for the genetic algorithm are proposed. The mechanism for changing the values of elements in the array of a set of parameters of a fuzzy controller with one input and output variable is presented.Conclusion. Replacing the mutation operator with the variation operator eliminates the formation of incorrect sets of parameters of the fuzzy controller in the control system.
Juxtaposing and Jostling: The Art of Writing History?
Authors: Somerset Jo 
Published: January 2021

This reflective essay seeks to question, through my creative practice, methods of writing the history of post-1945 events for a young adult reader. Using creative techniques to add depth to the research, I explore the scope of the future project through a palimpsest diagram as well as poetry, word association and vignettes of my lived experiences. I compare how other creative writers have treated historical narrative in fiction, memoir and drama. Building on schoalrly debate on the role of life writing in historical processes, both source materials and historiography, the essay analyses the scholarship on postmodern representations of the recent past in literature, including personalised life writing and autobiography as well as novels. Problems jostle for attention: blank spaces of the historical records, unreliable memories, competing definitions of truth, Western class-bound identity and twenty-first century retrospection. My conclusions suggest that novelistic and lyrical techniques and voices may be an effective medium for shining a spotlight on the themes of the late twentieth century. The resulting work of auto/history will be written and read through a personal lens which that is at the same time a memoir, history and historiography, which juxtaposes a microscopic life against the constellation of world events.
KLASIFIKASI DIAGNOSA PERADANGAN KANDUNG KEMIH MENGGUNAKAN METODE ALGORITMA NAÏVE BAYES
Authors: Muharrom Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

<table width="653" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="509"><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Dalam proses kehidupan kita perlu memperhatikan kesehatan tubuh, agar tidak mudah terserang penyakit. Berbagai cara pencegahan mengatasi terjangkitnya penyakit dengan cara menjaga pola makan dan pola hidup sehat. Karena pekerjaan, makan yang tidak teratur terkadang seseorang tidak memperdulikan kondisi tubuh mereka sendiri. Hal ini dapat berisiko dapat terkena penyakit yang berbahaya, sehingga perlu adanya pemeriksaan diri. Peradangan pada kandung kemih adalah salah satu penyakit yang ditimbulkan dari rasa nyeri saat buang air kecil, rasa nyeri itu berasal dari saluran kemih. Untuk memahami masalah dengan lebih baik, Maka perlunya penelitian agar dapat mencegah semakin parahnya penyakit yang diderita dengan cara mengklasifikasikan data pasien untuk mengakurasikan hasil penyakit yang di derita oleh pasien dan dapat memprediksi dari data yang ada. Dengan menggunakan metode naïve bayes dalam perhitungan didapatkan kesesuaian antara perhitungan manual dengan menggunakan tools rapidminer dan dihasilnya kekurata adalah 90,8% dan perhitungan ROC menghasilkan nilai AUC adalah 0.956 yang berarti <em>excellent classification</em>.</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
Smartphone Medical App Use and Associated Factors Among Physicians at Referral Hospitals in Amhara Region, North Ethiopia, in 2019: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Teferi Gizaw Hailiye , Tilahun Binyam Cheklu , Guadie Habtamu Alganeh , Amare Ashenafi Tazebew 
Published: January 2021

Background
Information in health care is rapidly expanding and is updated very regularly, especially with the increasing use of technology in the sector. Due to this, health care providers require timely access to the latest scientific evidence anywhere. Smartphone medical apps are tools to access the latest reputable scientific evidence in the discipline. In addition, smartphone medical apps could lead to improved decision making, reduced numbers of medical errors, and improved communication between hospital medical staff.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess smartphone medical app use and associated factors among physicians working at referral hospitals of the Amhara region, Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among physicians working at 5 referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia, from February 5 to May 27, 2019. A simple random sampling method was used to select 423 physicians. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data and analyzed using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp). Binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with smartphone medical app use among physicians. A value of P<.05, corresponding to a 95% CI, was considered statistically significant. The validity of the questionnaire was determined based on the view of experts and the reliability of it obtained by calculating the value of Cronbach alpha (α=.78)

Results
In this study, most of the 417 respondents (375, 89.9%) had medical apps installed on their smartphones. Of those 375 respondents, 264 (70.4%) had used medical apps during clinical practice. The medical apps most commonly used by the respondents were UpToDate, Medscape, MedCalc, and Doximity. According to multivariable logistic regression analysis, attitude (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.64, 95% CI 1.05-2.55), internet access (AOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.75-4.54), computer training (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.09-2.67), perceived usefulness of the app (AOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.05-2.54), information technology support staff (AOR 2.363, 95% CI 1.5-3.08), and technical skill (AOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.50-4.25) were significantly associated with smartphone medical app use.

Conclusions
Most respondents have a smartphone medical app and have used it in clinical practice. Attitude, internet access, computer training, perceived usefulness of the app, information technology support staff, and technical skill are the most notable factors that are associated with smartphone medical app use by physicians.
EVALUATION OF NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-AIDS PATIENTS ADMITTED TO SOUTH INDIAN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: TEJAVATH ARUN SINGH , MATHUR AMIT , SINGH PRATIMA , SUMAN SUPRIYA , RAJ PREETI , VENKATESHWARA T MURALI 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe, evaluate, and analyze neurological manifestation in human immunodeficiency virus HIV positive patients admitted to a tertiary care center.
Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study, in which 103 HIV patients were analyzed. All patients were interviewed face to face and evaluated by the investigator with particular reference to neurological manifestations. They were classified into various stages of HIV using the World Health Organization staging system.
Results: The mean age in males was 37 (standard deviation [SD] 8.0) years and in females 35 (SD 7.0) years. A greater proportion of females were diagnosed in the asymptomatic state during screening, either during pregnancy or when the spouse was found to be positive. Headache was the most common neurologic symptom and fundus abnormalities were the most common neurological sign documented in patients. The mean CD4 counts in males are 156.5/mm3 and in females are 229.57/mm3 whereas the mean absolute leukocyte count in males is 1088.30/mm3 and in females is 1473.52/mm3. The CD4 counts showed a better correlation with the occurrence of neurological manifestations than absolute leukocyte count.
Conclusion: Headache was a significant predictor of the occurrence of neurological complications (p=0.01). CD4 counts were significantly lower in patients with neurological complications and most of the neurological manifestations; on the contrary, all the opportunistic infections were documented in patients with CD4 counts below 200/mm3. Neurological complications did not show any correlation with the patient being on anti-retroviral therapy.
TREATMENT GOALS ACHIEVED AMONG HYPERTENSIVES AT THE B/A REGIONAL HOSPITAL IN SUNYANI, GHANA.
Authors: FORDJOUR FRANCIS , SODZI PAUL , BAAH PHILEMON 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the current success rate of hypertensive patients in achieving blood pressure (BP) treatment goals and to investigate the extent of the consistency in the control of BP following initial achievement.
Methods: At the hypertension clinic of the B/A Regional Hospital in Sunyani, Ghana, the current BP of 400 sampled patients, aged 35–100 years was measured. In addition, a retrospective review of nine successive BPs previously recorded in patients’ medical histories was done.
Results: Of the 400 patients, women constituted 71.75%. Hypertensive aged ≥60 years represented 64.25% with the rest being ˂60 years. In 58% of patients, there were comorbidities. The adherence to clinic appointment was 54.50%. Of the ten clinic visits, 20.30% of patients ˂60 years were adequately controlled of their BPs while those ≥60 years achieved 33.80% control. In all, 29% of the 400 hypertensives met their treatment goals adequately. Consistency in maintaining a controlled BP at all times was achieved by 23.70% of the 400 patients. Regular visits to clinic was associated with adequate BP control (p˂0.001) while comorbidity was not (p=0.122).
Conclusion: Treatment goals’ achievement by hypertensives at the Regional Hospital in Sunyani, Ghana, was relatively low. Consistency in maintaining a controlled BP while on medication is poor. The lack of consistency in keeping a controlled BP may contribute to the increased cardiovascular deaths among hypertensives. Intensive mass education and treatment optimization are required to deal with treatment failures among patients.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND ISOLATION OF ACTIVE MOLECULE FROM VITEX ALTISSIMA LEAVES
Authors: V PREETHI NAIDU , HM VAGDEVI , KP LATHA , AD AJISH 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of this work is to investigate the antibacterial, anthelmintic activity of the leaves of Vitex altissima and isolation of the bioactive molecule.
Methods: The agar disk diffusion method is implemented to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the plant leaves of V. altissima, using petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts. Exactly 1 mg of each extract is dissolved in 1 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide. The circular Whatman filter paper of diameter 5 mm was dipped in each extract and placed over solidified agar medium. The zone of inhibition was measured. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts of the plant have been used to carry out the anthelmintic activity against Indian earthworms Pheretima posthuma. The column chromatography technique is used for the isolation of bioactive molecules.
Results: The results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited a remarkable zone of inhibition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts produce zero percentage zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli bacteria. The ethanol extract showed potent anthelmintic activity. The spectral data confirm that the structure of the bioactive molecule is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Conclusion: The preliminary results of the study revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of the plant exhibited a broad zone of inhibition against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and ethanol extract showing significant anthelmintic activity. Spectral data confirmed the structure of the bioactive molecule. The obtained bioactive molecule is responsible for exhibiting potent antibacterial activity.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANALGESIC ACTIVITY, AND ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF THE METHANOL EXTRACT OF GAULTHERIA FRAGRANTISSIMA WALL. IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: NONGKHLAW FREDDY TEILANG , C MALSAWMTLUANGI , LAPASAM PHAIBIANG , LALTHASANGA ANDREW 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The present study was undertaken to screen the analgesic and the antidepressant activity of Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. an ethnomedicinal plant of Meghalaya, India.
Methods: In this study, the analgesic effect was induced by hot plate method and tail immersion test. The analgesic effect of two doses of the methanolic extract of Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. was tested and diclofenac was used as a standard drug. The antidepressant activity was brought about by force swimming test and tail suspension test. The antidepressant effect of two doses of the methanolic extract of G. fragrantissima Linn. was tested and imipramine was used as a standard drug. The statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests using GraphPad InStat 3.0 software.
Results: The analgesic study shows that the plant extract at two different doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) possesses significant analgesic activity (p<0.01), whereby the two different doses of the plant extract showed a significant increase in the latency time were obtained at 120 min in hot plate method and increase in the latency time were obtained at 90 min in the tail immersion method, respectively. The antidepressant study shows us that the methanolic extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg produced significant reduction (p<0.001) in the immobility period when compared with that of control group animals in both the tests.
Conclusion: The result of the study shows that the methanolic bark extract of G. fragrantissima Wall. possesses analgesic activity and antidepressant activity.