bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biocompatibility of Achyrocline satureioides plant extract over human gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Ferreira Elis Cecília Castro , Gonçalves Taciano Moreira , Pereira Thaís Cristine , Hasna Amjad Abu , Oliveira Felipe Eduardo de , Jorjão Adeline Lacerda , Camargo Samira Esteves Afonso , Oliveira Luciane Dias de , Spalding Marianne 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Achyrocline satureioides “A.satureioides” is a subshrub, widely distributed in South America because of its medicinal properties. Although it is widely used in folk medicine, there is still no approval for its therapeutic use, and its biocompatibility is little explored. This study aimed to evaluate its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity over human gingival fibroblasts (FMM-1). Methodology: Ten different concentration of the glycolic extract of A.satureioides were tested for 5min and 24h of contact with the cells to evaluate its cytotoxicity using the MTT colorimetric assay and to evaluate its genotoxicity using the micronucleus assay. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey test with a significance level (α=0.05). Results: All tested concentrations of the extract presented cell viability more than 70% and has no significant difference of the control group after 5min and 24h. However, for 5min the 100 mg/mL was cytotoxic and for 24h the 1.56 mg/mL stimulated cell proliferation. For genotoxicity analysis, only the concentration 6.25 mg/mL showed results similar to the control of cell culture in the micronucleus count after 5min and 24h. Conclusions: The glycolic extract of A.satureioides doesn’t have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in concentrations up to 6.25 mg/mL, but in high concentrations it is considered genotoxic.
Into the Warm Zone: Essential Elements and Considerations for Developing Warm Zone Capabilities
Authors: Miletta Sam 
Published: January 2021

In 2017, a scholarship funded study tour was undertaken to learn how agencies in the United States of America were addressing a capability gap in relation to accessing, treatment and rescue of victims located in the warm zone of Active Shooter Hostile Events. Since this initial trip a number of after action reports and reviews of such incidents have been released. This paper explores the key learnings from these events to establish several essential elements and important considerations for the development of multi-agency warm zone capabilities. The incidents looked at are the:

2013 LAX Airport Active Shooter
2015 San Bernardino Terrorist Attack
2016 Pulse Nightclub Terrorist Attack
2017 Las Vegas Mass Shooting
INFLUENCE OF METHOD OF LEARNING AND SKILLS SELF- CONFIDENCE OF SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS IN CLASS V ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF CITY OF SERANG
Authors: M.P Fahrudin 
Published: January 2021

This research discusses the influence of teaching methods and ability of self- confidence of the science process skills. This research was conducted at the State Elementary School fifth grade of City of Serang. The study design using analysis of variance 2 lanes (ANOVA). The results of this study were (1) the difference in science process skills of elementary school students who learn using Discovery methods between students who learn using Inquiry methods (2) The interaction between the learning methods and self-confidence of students to the science process skills Elementary School Students. (3) The science process skills between student elementary school students who learn by using Discovery methods which has self-confidence high is higher result than the students who learned by using Inquiry methods who has self-confidence high (4) The science process skills of elementary school students between students who learn to use Discovery methods that have self-confidence low is lower result than the students learn to use the Inquiry methods that has self-confidence low
Kurikulum Multikulturalisme Untuk Pendidikan Berkeadilan
Authors: Tasrif Tasrif 
Published: January 2021

Multikultural adalah khazanah bangsa dan dunia. Multikulturalism
harus menjadi dasar filosofis dalam membuat kebijakan dan perencanaan
pendidikan. Pendidikan belum sepenuhnya berwajah multikultural. Nilai-nilai
multikultur harus mengejewantah ke semua aspek kehidupan berbangsa dan
bernegara. Kebijakan pendidikan yang tidak mengadopasi nilai-nilai
multikulturalisme menyisahkan disparitas pendidikan antara pusat dan daerah,
suku satu dengan lain. Sekolah menyambut dan menyediakan siswa yang berasal
dari latar belakang budaya yang berbeda. Sekolah dan pendidik harus responsif
secara cultural sebagai bentuk penghormatan terhadap pendidikan multikultural.
Pendidikan multikultural adalah pendekatan progresif, alat untuk
mentransformasikan pendidikan yang mengkritisi dan memperbaiki literasi rasial
dan kebijakan yang diskriminatif di dalam pendidikan. Kurikulum yang
multikultur harus diterapkan untuk menguatkan cita-cita keadilan sosial.
Acute Functional Outcomes in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Tay Matthew Rong Jie , Ong Poo Lee , Puah Ser Hon , Tham Shuen Loong 
Published: January 2021

Background:COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is a global cause of morbidity and mortality currently. We aim to describe the acute functional outcomes of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients after transferring out of the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods:51 consecutive critically ill COVID-19 patients at a national designated center for COVID-19 were included in this exploratory, retrospective observational cohort study from January 1 to May 31, 2020. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed. Functional outcomes were measured primarily with the Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), and divided into 2 categories: dependent ambulators (FAC 0–3) and independent ambulators (FAC 4–5). Multivariate analysis was performed to determine associations.Results:Many patients were dependent ambulators (47.1%) upon transferring out of ICU, although 92.2% regained independent ambulation at discharge. On multivariate analysis, we found that a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 1 or more (odds ratio 14.02, 95% CI 1.15–171.28,P= 0.039) and a longer length of ICU stay (odds ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.04–2.16,P= 0.029) were associated with dependent ambulation upon discharge from ICU.Conclusions:Critically ill COVID-19 survivors have a high level of impairment following discharge from ICU. Such patients should be screened for impairment and managed appropriately by rehabilitation professionals, so as to achieve good functional outcomes on discharge.
Sleep Disturbance is Associated With Higher Plasma Aβ Levels in Cognitively Normal Adults—A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gao Yao , Wei Shan , Gao Fan , Gao Ling , Dang Liangjun , Shang Suhang , Chen Chen , Huo Kang , Wang Jingyi , Wang Jin , Qu Qiumin 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Growing evidence suggests that sleep disturbance is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the brain is a main pathophysiology of AD. Considering that peripheral Aβ level is associated with brain Aβ deposition, the present study investigated the relationship between sleep disturbance and plasma Aβ levels.Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study. A total of 1,459 participants from a village in the suburbs of Xi'an, China, were enrolled from January 3, 2017 to March 26, 2017. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and a PSQI score of &lt;5 points was considered as good sleep quality and a PSQI score of &gt;10 points as poor sleep quality. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Fasting venous blood was taken in the morning, and the plasma Aβ levels were measured using ELISA. The relationships between plasma Aβ levels and sleep quality were analyzed using multiple linear regression.Results: Among the participants, 231 had poor sleep quality (15.83%). The log-transformed Aβ40 level had significant differences among the different sleep groups (F = 3.216, p = 0.040). The log-transformed Aβ40 level was higher in the poor sleep quality group than that in the general sleep quality group [87.17 (73.42, 107.34) vs. 89.69 (74.81, 125.79) pg/ml, p = 0.016]. In bivariate analysis, sleep quality was negatively associated with the log-transformed plasma Aβ40 level (β = −0.025, p = 0.011).Conclusion: In the community population, poorer sleep quality is associated with a higher plasma Aβ40 level. This indicated that sleep disturbance might also involve in dysfunction of peripheral Aβ clearance.
Can GLP-1 Be a Target for Reward System Related Disorders? A Qualitative Synthesis and Systematic Review Analysis of Studies on Palatable Food, Drugs of Abuse, and Alcohol
Authors: Eren-Yazicioglu Candan Yasemin , Yigit Arya , Dogruoz Ramazan Efe , Yapici-Eser Hale 
Published: January 2021

The role of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in insulin-dependent signaling is well-known; GLP-1 enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and lowers blood glucose in diabetes. GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) are also widely expressed in the brain, and in addition to its role in neuroprotection, it affects reward pathways. This systematic review aimed to analyze the studies on GLP-1 and reward pathways and its currently identified mechanisms.Methods: “Web of Science” and “Pubmed” were searched to identify relevant studies using GLP-1 as the keyword. Among the identified 26,539 studies, 30 clinical, and 71 preclinical studies were included. Data is presented by grouping rodent studies on palatable food intake, drugs of abuse, and studies on humans focusing on GLP-1 and reward systems.Results: GLP-1Rs are located in reward-related areas, and GLP-1, its agonists, and DPP-IV inhibitors are effective in decreasing palatable food intake, along with reducing cocaine, amphetamine, alcohol, and nicotine use in animals. GLP-1 modulates dopamine levels and glutamatergic neurotransmission, which results in observed behavioral changes. In humans, GLP-1 alters palatable food intake and improves activity deficits in the insula, hypothalamus, and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). GLP-1 reduces food cravings partially by decreasing activity to the anticipation of food in the left insula of obese patients with diabetes and may inhibit overeating by increasing activity to the consumption of food in the right OFC of obese and left insula of obese with diabetes.Conclusion: Current preclinical studies support the view that GLP-1 can be a target for reward system related disorders. More translational research is needed to evaluate its efficacy on human reward system related disorders.
Serum Tumor Markers in Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes: A Systematic Review of Guidelines
Authors: Trevisiol Chiara , Cani Ilaria , Fabricio Aline S. C. , Gion Massimo , Giometto Bruno , De Massis Patrizia 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Algorithms for the detection of a malignancy in patients with unclear neurologic symptoms of suspicious paraneoplastic origins are not universally applied. Frequently, circulating tumor markers (TMs) are considered a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis in patients with paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS). Our aim was to extract the recommendations on the use of TMs and onconeural antibodies (Abs) for the diagnosis of malignancies in PNS from clinical practice guidelines and put them forward as evidence in a common framework to facilitate diffusion, dissemination, and implementation.Methods: Systematic literature searches were performed for guidelines on both oncology and PNS published since 2007. Guidelines containing information and recommendations for clinical practice pertaining to the screening and diagnosis of PNS were selected. Information on circulating TMs and onconeural Abs was extracted and synthesized in consecutive steps of increasing simplification.Results: We retrieved 799 eligible guidelines on oncology for the potential presence of information on PNS but only six covered treated diagnosis or the screening of cancer in PNS, which were then selected. Seventy-nine potentially relevant guidelines on PNS were identified as eligible and 15 were selected. Synoptic tables were prepared showing that classical TMs are not recommended for the screening or the diagnosis of a malignancy in patients with a suspected PNS. Neither should onconeural Abs be considered to screen for the presence of a malignancy, although they could be helpful to define the probability of the paraneoplastic origin of a neurologic disorder.Conclusion: The present work of synthesis may be a useful tool in the diffusion, dissemination, and implementation of guideline recommendations, potentially facilitating the decrease of the inappropriate use of circulating biomarkers for cancer screening in the presence of PNS.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Infancy: The Acute Hospitalization Cost
Authors: Bozzola Elena , Ciarlitto Claudia , Guolo Stefano , Brusco Carla , Cerone Gennaro , Antilici Livia , Schettini Livia , Piscitelli Anna Lucia , Chiara Vittucci Anna , Cutrera Renato , Raponi Massimiliano , Villani Alberto 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is among the leading causes of hospitalization in infants. Prophylaxis with palivizumab may reduce RSV infection, but its prescription is restricted to high-risk groups. The aim of the study is to retrospectively determine acute hospitalization costs of bronchiolitis.Materials and methods: Infants aged 1 month−1 year, admitted to Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy, with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis from January 1 till December 31, 2017, were included in the study.Results: A total of 531 patients were enrolled in the study, and the mean age was 78.75 days. The main etiologic agent causing bronchiolitis was RSV, accounting for 58.38% of infections. The total cost of bronchiolitis hospitalization was 2,958,786 euros. The mean cost per patient was significantly higher in the case of RSV (5,753.43 ± 2,041.62 euros) compared to other etiology (5,395.15 ± 2,040.87 euros) (p = 0.04).Discussion: The study confirms the high hospitalization cost associated with bronchiolitis. In detail, in the case of RSV etiology, the cost was higher compared to other etiology, which is likely due to the longer hospitalization and the more frequent admission to the intensive cure department.Conclusion: This study highlights that bronchiolitis is an important cost item even in a tertiary hospital and that cost-effective interventions targeting RSV are increasingly urgent.
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Ultrastructure and Apoptosis of Choroidal Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Zhao Hongwei , Shi Yuanyuan , Qiu Changyu , Zhao Jun , Gong Yubo , Nie Chuang , Wu Bin , Yang Yanyan , Wang Fei , Luo Ling 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundIt was confirmed that simulated microgravity (SMG) led to ultrastructural alterations and apoptosis in many types of microvascular endothelial cells. However, whether SMG would also affect choroidal vascular endothelial cells (CVECs) remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effects of SMG on ultrastructure and apoptosis of CVECs.MethodsThe rotary cell culture system (RCCS) was utilized to simulate microgravity condition. Human CVECs were cultured under normal gravity (NG) or SMG condition for 3 days. The ultrastructure was viewed under transmission electron microscopy, and the organization of F-actin was observed by immunofluorescence staining. Additionally, the apoptosis percentage was calculated using flow cytometry. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of BAX, Bcl-2, Caspase3, Cytochrome C, p-AKT, and p-PI3K were detected with quantitative PCR and Western blot at different exposure time.ResultsIn the SMG group, CVECs presented with a shrunk cell body, chromatin condensation and margination, mitochondria vacuolization, and apoptotic bodies. The amount of F-actin decreased, and the filaments of F-actin were sparse or even partly discontinuous after cultivation under SMG for 72 h. The proportions of apoptotic CVECs in SMG groups at 24 and 72 h were significantly higher than those in the NG group (P &lt; 0.001). The mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Caspase3, and Cytochrome C of CVECs in SMG groups at 24 and 72 h significantly increased than those of the NG group, respectively (P &lt; 0.001). The alterations of p-AKT and p-PI3K protein expression possessed similar trends. On the contrary, the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 in CVECs under SMG at 24 and 72 h were significantly less than that of the NG group, respectively (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSimulated microgravity conditions can lead the alterations of the F-actin structure and apoptosis of CVECs. The Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway and PI3K/AKT pathway may participate in the damage of CVECs caused by SMG.
Verification of 3D-printed universal smartphone retinal imaging adapter against conventional fundus camera imaging for diabetic retinopathy screening
Authors: Gan Yuen Keat , Samsudin Amir 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is critical in preventing visual loss. However, current tools are expensive, bulky and sensitive, thus limiting screening coverage, especially in developing areas such as the interior of Borneo. Smartphone-assisted devices may provide an alternative and this study seeks to determine the level of agreement between a smartphone retinal imaging adapter (SRIA) against conventional ones.
Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study with Institutional Review Board approval from the Medical Ethics Board of University of Malaya Medical Centre. A total of 284 eyes from 142 patients included underwent retinal imaging using a conventional fundus camera and the SRIA. The images were graded according to Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) classification. Agreement between both modalities was calculated using Cohen’s Kappa statistics.
Results: The Kappa agreement between SRIA and conventional fundus imaging in grading individual ETDRS stages stood at 0.648 (p < 0.001), achieving up to 0.752 (p < 0.001) when differentiating between no DR, non-proliferative DR, and proliferative DR.
Conclusion: DR grading SRIA and conventional fundus camera imaging were comparable. SRIA can be useful in eye screenings but still needs improvement.
[Reseña] Estrategias didácticas digitales. Encuentros entre la investigación y la práctica
Authors: Cuevas-Monzonis Nuria 
Published: January 2021

Diana Marín Suelves y José Peirats Chacón (eds.) (2020).Estrategias didácticas digitales. Encuentros entre la investigación y la práctica. 216 páginas. Calambur Editorial, S.L: Valencia (España). ISBN: 9788483594995.
La actualidad educativa está marcada por la introducción de las tecnologías en las escuelas. Sin embargo, su integración efectiva en los procesos formativos es una realidad poliédrica y compleja que requiere de una reflexión profunda sobre su sentido pedagógico. En esta línea, más allá de los procesos de equipamiento, esta obra reflexiona acerca de la competencia del profesorado para diseñar e implementar acciones formativas apoyadas por la tecnología...
Red de transporte de datos en formato RTCM, vía protocolo de Internet (Ntrip). Implementación en la región y proyección futura a través de SIRGAS
Authors: Suárez Silva Norbertino , Pérez Rodino Roberto , Yelicich Peláez Ricardo 
Published: January 2021

Las CORS (Estaciones de Referencia de Observación Continua), utilizan los GNSS (Sistemas Satelitales de Posicionamiento Global), para determinar con alta preci- sión una posición, mediante la observación de los satélites de las constelaciones disponibles (GPS, GLONNAS, próximamente Galileo y Compass/BeiDou).
Empleando la técnica llamada de Corrección Diferencial, es posible eliminar casi totalmente la influencia de los errores inducidos voluntariamente o producidos por la señal GNSS. El método DGNSS, tanto en modo Post Proceso como en Tiempo Real, son las modalidades más utilizadas. Actualmente están disponibles tam- bién soluciones PPP (Precise Point Positioning - Posicionamiento Puntual Preciso), a partir de desarrollos generados en varias agencias de investigación. Últimamente se han presentado ciertos avances sobre PPP (Posicionamiento de Punto Preciso), particularmente en tiempo real: PPP-RTK.
Las Correcciones Diferenciales pueden ser obtenidas directamente a partir de un receptor GNSS, de una CORS o de una red CORS, conectadas a un Servidor-Cáster a través de Internet.
El cliente o usuario móvil utilizando tecnología de telefonía móvil (GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS) y un programa Cliente, puede acceder a la dirección IP del Cáster, a través de protocolo Ntrip (Red de Transporte de datos en formato RTCM a través Protocolo de Internet), a fin de obtener los datos de corrección diferencial para el receptor GNSS que está utilizando.
Ntrip se basa en HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol - Protocolo de Transferencia de Hipertexto), siendo capaz de trasmitir cualquier tipo de datos GNSS a través de mensajes RTCM (Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services) o datos en formato propietario (raw data). El usuario puede elegir entre una serie de produc- tos, como por ejemplo correcciones de una sola CORS, o corrección de una red CORS. Existen diversas soluciones de red, como ser: VRS (Estación de Referencia Virtual), FKP (Parámetros de Corrección de Planos), MAX (Máster-Auxiliar), iMAX (individual Máster-Auxiliar
Estimación del riesgo en edificaciones por deslizamientos causados por lluvias y sismos en la ciudad de Medellín, empleando herramientas de la Geomática
Authors: Vega Gutiérrez Johnny Alexander 
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta una estimación del riesgo en edificaciones por deslizamientos causados por lluvias y sismos en la ciudad de Medellín, empleando una plataforma de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Para esto se implementó un modelo que considera las propiedades topográficas, geológicas, geotécnicas e hidrológicas de la zona en estudio. El modelo de cálculo usado para la valoración de la amenaza por deslizamiento, está fundamentado en el Método seudoestático de NewmarN para el cálculo de estabilidad de laderas y usa un enfoque probabilista el cual se basa en el método de primer orden y segundo momento —FOSM— para estimar la varia- ción de los parámetros geomecánicos del suelo. El abordaje para la valoración de la vulnerabilidad de las construcciones en el área de estudio se realizó mediante índi- ces de fragilidad estructural que consideran la definición de niveles de daño a través de árboles de decisión haciendo uso de la información catastral de la ciudad. El modelo calcula la probabilidad de que ocurra un deslizamiento dado que se presente un sismo que produzca una aceleración (Ah), considerando la incertidumbre de los parámetros geotécnicos y las condiciones de saturación del suelo, y multiplica tales valores con los índices de debilidad estructural para estimar los índices de daño de las construcciones, las cuales se asocian con el riesgo al considerar la variable eco- nómica correspondiente al costo de reposición de tales construcciones.
Smart Cities: alegoría del progreso en el nuevo siglo
Authors: Ramírez Autrán Rodrigo 
Published: January 2021

El siguiente texto busca plantear una reflexión en torno al concepto de Smart Cities (Ciudades Inteligentes) en el contexto del desarrollo urbano exponencial y el adve- nimiento de las tecnologías digitales en muchos de los fenómenos sociales de la actual sociedad global. Se plantean algunos retos y oportunidades que están detrás de este concepto ampliamente utilizado, aspectos analizados aquí particularmente desde la óptica de las Ciencias Sociales.