bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of the Superior Capsule Using Peroneus Longus Tendon Graft Combined With Transposition of Biceps Tendon for Irreparable Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Zhou Yi , Chen Ling , Bai Fan , Yang Xiaolong , Fu Weili 
Published: January 2025

Background: Traditional superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) with biceps tendon transposition (TB) alone for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (IMRCTs) has demonstrated a high retear rate, highlighting the need for alternative approaches. Therefore, SCR using a peroneus longus tendon graft (PLG) combined with TB (PLG-TB) should be clinically studied. Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of SCR using the PLG-TB technique versus the TB technique alone for IMRCT. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Between February 2017 and March 2022, 94 patients were diagnosed with IMRCT; 45 patients underwent SCR using the TB technique (group 1), and 49 patients underwent SCR using the PLG-TB technique (group 2). The choice of technique was based on tendon damage severity and patient preference. After a minimum follow-up period of 2 years, postoperative clinical outcomes were compared using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES); University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA); Constant; and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain scores as well as the shoulder range of motion. The integrity of tendons, acromiohumeral distance, and retear was evaluated through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The mean follow-up times were 35.2 ± 4.2 months for group 1 and 34.1 ± 3.2 months for group 2. There was a significant improvement observed in all clinical outcomes in both groups from the baseline preoperative evaluations to the final follow-up assessments ( P = .001 for ASES score, UCLA score, Constant score, VAS score, forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation). Shoulder abduction in group 2 showed statistically significant mean improvements at the postoperative 3-month, 6-month, and final follow-ups compared with group 1 (3 months: 105.17°± 7.13° vs 89.34°± 7.34° [ P = .001]; 6 months: 138.14°± 9.12° vs 107.35°± 8.54° [ P = .001]; final follow-up: 157.35°± 8.11° vs 135.31°± 7.01° [ P = .001]). The tendon integrity at the final follow-up (Sugaya MRI grades 1/2/3/4/5) was significantly better in group 2 (30/6/6/4/3) compared with group 1 (11/13/5/6/10) ( P = .014). Additionally, the tendon retear rate was lower in group 2 (7/49; 14.29%) than in group 1 (16/45, 35.56%) ( P = .015). Conclusion: Both surgical techniques led to acceptable clinical outcomes in patients with IMRCT. However, using the PLG-TB technique for SCR was associated with lower retear rates and enhanced abduction function outcomes compared with the TB technique for SCR.
Febuxostat induced Stevens Johnson syndrome: A case report
Authors: Sidhu Jaspreet K , Chopra Deepti 
Published: January 2025

Background: Febuxostat is a novel non-purine selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor with superior ability to lower serum urate levels than allopurinol. Case Report: We report a case of Stevens Johnson syndrome following febuxostat administration. Conclusion: This case report underlines the necessity of recognising this major mucocutaneous adverse reaction and the need for cautious medication usage.
Needle stick injuries and post-exposure prophylaxis practices among healthcare personnel working at tertiary care hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Kiddeer Muhammad , Basit Abdul , Ahmad Tawseef , Masood Imran 
Published: January 2025

Background Healthcare workers face a high risk of blood-borne infections due to needlestick injuries, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Objective This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of needlestick injuries, reporting practices, and post-exposure prophylaxis measures among healthcare personnel in tertiary care hospitals in Punjab. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2019. Data were collected from healthcare personnel working in teaching hospitals across six randomly selected cities of Punjab. Data were collected from 600 healthcare personnel using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire, employing stratified random sampling to ensure representative sampling. Descriptive statistics were applied, and differences in needlestick injuries across demographic segments were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Results Among the 600 respondents, 533 returned the complete questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 88.8%. The majority of respondents were female ( n = 341, 64.2%). The mean years of service was 5.58 (±5.78), with most participants falling in the 0.5–5 years category ( n = 338, 66.4%). The prevalence of self-reported needlestick injuries in the last six months was 35.25%. Most injuries occurred during sampling (n = 95, 35.85%), followed by recapping ( n = 63, 23.77%). Reporting of needlestick injuries to the respective department was poor, with only 82 (21.87%) injuries reported. The frequency of needlestick injuries differed significantly across profession, working department, and education categories ( p < 0.05). Sanitary staff were more likely to sustain needlestick injuries during garbage collection and waste handling. Post-exposure screening for blood-borne infections was received by 79 (42.93%) individuals, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was administered to 67 (36.41%). Conclusion The high prevalence of needlestick injuries among healthcare personnel occurred primarily during sampling and recapping. Reporting of NSIs was inadequate, and post-exposure testing and prophylaxis practices were substandard. Enhanced policies and protocols are necessary for effective NSI surveillance and the administration of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis.
Nursing Practices for Preventing Delirium in Patients with Cancer with Prognoses of Months and Weeks: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Study in Japan
Authors: Kanno Yusuke , Nakano Kimiko , Kajiwara Kohei , Kobayashi Masamitsu , Morikawa Miharu , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Kako Jun 
Published: January 2025

Background Delirium is a condition characterized by an acute and transient disturbance in attention, cognition, and consciousness. It is increasingly prevalent at the end of life in patients with cancer. While non-pharmacological nursing interventions are essential for delirium prevention, their effectiveness in terminally ill patients with cancer remains unclear. Objectives This study examined the nursing support practices employed to prevent delirium in terminally ill patients with cancer in palliative care units (PCUs) in Japan. Methods This cross-sectional study administered an online survey to 2448 nurses from 162 institutions with PCUs in Japan. Results Regarding nursing practices with patients with a prognosis of months and weeks, multi-component intervention, family support, and dehydration prevention were practiced frequently, whereas bright light therapy was practiced less frequently. The specialist team approach was practiced by approximately 50% of participants. Regarding multicomponent intervention in cases with a prognosis of months and weeks, adjustments in the sleep environment and pain management were practiced by more than 90% of the participants, whereas early exercise, vision or hearing assistance, and patient education on delirium were implemented by less than 50%. The management of intravenous injection routes and catheters was implemented by participants approximately 20% more frequently in cases with a prognosis of weeks than those with a prognosis of months. Conclusion The primary methods of nursing support for preventing delirium in patients with terminal cancer were multicomponent intervention, family support, and dehydration prevention. Further research is necessary to develop and implement appropriate nursing support strategies.
Recognizing facially expressed emotions in videos of people with visual impairments in online settings
Authors: Kim Hyung Nam 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND Facial expressions are critical for conveying emotions and facilitating social interaction. Yet, little is known about how accurately sighted individuals recognize emotions facially expressed by people with visual impairments in online communication settings. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate sighted individuals’ ability to understand facial expressions of six basic emotions in people with visual impairments during Zoom calls. It also aimed to examine whether education on facial expressions specific to people with visual impairments would improve emotion recognition accuracy. METHODS Sighted participants viewed video clips of individuals with visual impairments displaying facial expressions. They then identified the emotions displayed. Next, they received an educational session on facial expressions specific to people with visual impairments, addressing unique characteristics and potential misinterpretations. After education, participants viewed another set of video clips and again identified the emotions displayed. RESULTS Before education, participants frequently misidentified emotions. After education, their accuracy in recognizing emotions improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that education on facial expressions of people with visual impairments can significantly enhance sighted individuals’ ability to accurately recognize emotions in online settings. This improved accuracy has the potential to foster more inclusive and effective online interactions between people with and without visual disabilities.
Experiences of using an exoskeleton by care professionals in elderly care: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Roentgen Uta , Lexis Monique , Roost Frank , Daniëls Ramon 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are common among care professionals in elderly care. Exoskeletons showed effectiveness in preventing and reducing low back pain in other sectors. However, the potential of using an exoskeleton in elderly care is unclear. OBJECTIVE To document the experiences of care professionals using an exoskeleton in elderly care. METHODS A descriptive qualitative study with individual semi-structured interviews among professionals from two elderly care institutes, facing low back pain. RESULTS Twenty-two care professionals used the exoskeleton mainly at peak loads during morning and evening care. Their experiences were described in four main themes: wearing and adjusting, movement and comfort, appearance, integration into work, and perceived effects. Those who experienced (predominantly) positive effects reported having less or even no back pain, partly due to the relief of the lower back, but also to a more conscious posture and attention to ergonomically sound movement. CONCLUSIONS This study led to valuable insights into experiences of using an exoskeleton in elderly care, such as the potential of mitigating and preventing low back pain, and suggestions for further development of exoskeletons to improve their usability in the context of elderly care. The latter should be followed by studies into long-term effects.
A checklist to guide public digital platforms for the provision of AT services and products using people-centered assistive technology references
Authors: de Jesus Alves Ana Cristina , Jerez-Roig Javier , Merchán-Baeza José Antonio , Carvalho Kauane Santos , Ramon-Aribau Anna 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE To develop a checklist that guides the requirements necessary for public digital platforms in providing AT, based on the WHO-proposed “The WHO-GATE 5P framework” and the Global Report on Assistive Technology. METHODS A qualitative descriptive research approach was employed consisting of 4 stages: 1) Construction of the checking tool, 2) Discussion of the checklist by a group of three researchers until a final proposal was reached, 3) Analysis of the checklist by two external researchers with experience in AT research and services, 4) Analysis of the suggestions and formatting of the final version of the checklist. Three of the authors/researchers conducted a documental analysis of the “WHO-GATE 5P framework” and Global Report on Assistive Technology, and two experts in research and AT services, performed the checklist analysis independently. RESULTS The final version of the checklist with 25 items was created and made available in English and Portuguese version. Conclusion: This checklist based on the fundamentals of the assistive technology model centred on people, the “WHO-GATE 5P framework” and the Global Report on Assistive Technology provides direction for digital AT service delivery, delivery practices and data science in digital services aimed at addressing the needs of AT consumers, while supporting advancements in the provision of digital AT services.
Simple reaction time to visual and auditory stimulation in glaucoma
Authors: Quentin Lenoble , François Rouland Jean , Matthieu Duault , Muriel Boucart 
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives Glaucoma can impact the ability to perform daily life activities such as driving. In such tasks, reaction time is critical to detect hazards. Understanding the modalities that affect response times is thus essential for clinical care. Subjects/Method Simple reaction time tasks, in which participants respond as fast as possible to a stimulus, constitute a basic measure of processing speed. Simple reaction times to visual and auditory stimuli were compared to assess whether glaucomatous patients exhibit a general slowing in execution speed or a specific slowing in response to visual signals.Twenty participants with primary open angle glaucoma, 16 age-matched normally sighted controls and 16 young controls were instructed to press the space bar of the computer as soon as they detected a visual (a 3° black ring) or an auditory (a 440 Hz sound) signal. The two modalities were tested in independent blocks of 63 trials. Results Participants with glaucoma were significantly slower than young and older controls in the visual modality but not in the auditory modality, in which simple reaction times did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion This study suggests that the reduced processing speed in glaucoma cannot be attributed to motor or attentional impairments and probably results from a delay in the transmission of visual information.
DMEK Surgical Strategy in Aphakic and Vitrectomized Eyes
Authors: Güell José Luis , Zúñiga Martina Aguilera , Alonso-Reyes Hugo , Moura-Coelho Nuno , Lindez-Pérez Eloyna 
Published: January 2025

Purpose After 15 years of accumulated experience in the Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) technique, this surgical method has demonstrated a high reproducibility and success rate. However, certain ocular conditions such as aphakia and previously vitrectomized eyes remain challenging. We describe a novel technique designed to improve surgical time and postoperative outcomes in these specific scenarios. Methods Following delivery of the Descemet membrane graft into the anterior chamber (AC), a small air bubble was injected beneath the graft. One edge of the graft was grasped using the forceps. Subsequently, the external corneal surface was tapped, until the graft was unrolled. Results In our experience, this technique has consistently led to a reduced surgical time and excellent anatomical outcomes, achieving complete membrane attachment. Conclusions The technique developed and described herein provides a valuable surgical alternative for achieving successful DMEK outcomes in complex cases.
Eosinopenia in bronchiectasis: A novel biomarker for morbidity and mortality
Authors: Izhakian Shimon , Yehezkely Ravid , Frajman Assaf , Mekiten Ori , Hadar Ori , Rockland Avigail , Malka Liel , Freidkin Lev , Rosengarten Dror , Kramer Mordechai R. 
Published: January 2025

Background The paradigm of bronchiectasis is shifting away from its exclusive characterization as a neutrophilic condition. Patients with bronchiectasis and high eosinophil levels have been found to have a specific phenotype, but the clinical effect of eosinopenia remains unclear. Method A retrospective, single-center, observational study was conducted at a tertiary medical center. Adult patients under follow-up for bronchiectasis from January 2007 to August 2020 were categorized by blood eosinophil count (BEC) as follows: eosinopenia (<100 cells/µL), normal (100-299 cells/µL), and eosinophilia (≥300 cells/µL). Data on the first hospitalization due to exacerbation and the community exacerbation rate in the first year of follow-up were analyzed. Mortality rates were assessed up to the end of follow-up on September 1, 2023. Results The cohort included 724 patients (100%), 61% female ( n = 442), of mean age 61 ± 16 years. The median follow-up period was 7.5 years (IQR: 5.1–10.8). Eosinopenia was found in 14.7% ( n = 107), normal BEC in 56.6% ( n = 417), and eosinophilia in 28.7% ( n = 200). Patients with eosinopenia had a higher hazard ratio for first hospitalization than the normal-count group (1.71, 95% CI 1.11–2.64, p = .01) and the highest mean exacerbation rate ( p = .04). On multivariate analysis, eosinopenia was significantly associated with higher mortality (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.42–3.24, p < .001) after adjusting for age and sex. Conclusion Eosinopenia in bronchiectasis emerged as a potential biomarker for adverse outcomes. Further study of its role in disease behavior may provide insights for the development of therapeutic strategies.
A Systematic Review of Anxiety Measurement Scales in Pediatric Organ Transplantation Patients
Authors: Yang Zhe , Killian Michael O 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Anxiety symptoms influence health outcomes in pediatric organ transplant recipients. Assessing the quality of anxiety scales is critical to address the psychological challenges these patients face. Variability in how anxiety is conceptualized across scales highlights the need for selecting appropriate instruments. Objective This systematic review aimed to search and synthesize anxiety scales used in pediatric organ transplant studies, evaluate their reliability and validity, examine factors and group differences related to anxiety, and identify promising scales for this population. Methods A systematic search was conducted using the terms “(Anxiety) AND (organ transplant) AND (child* OR youth OR pediatric* OR adolescen*).” Ten electronic databases were accessed. Results Eighteen anxiety scales from 30 articles were identified. Fourteen scales measured specific anxiety types. Most scales demonstrated good to excellent reliability and validity. Associations between anxiety and demographics, psychological well-being, factors related to illness and treatment were observed. Five types of anxiety-related differences among groups and 6 promising anxiety scales for the target population were identified. Discussion General and specialized anxiety scales were identified. Incomplete reporting of psychometric evidence restricted the quality assessment. Limitations include cultural and publication biases. Future research should focus on transplant-specific scales with psychometric validation across culturally diverse settings to ensure their quality and applicability. Conclusion This review identified well-validated scales, such as State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, effective for quick screening. Specialized instruments were used for nuanced anxiety concepts such as needle-related anxiety, illness-specific anxiety, and anxiety during the transition to adult care, but further psychometric validation is needed.
A systematic review of acquired bladder cancer risk factors
Authors: Patterson Kenneth , Kinnear Ned , Patterson Rory , Yap Lee Chien , Hennessey Derek 
Published: January 2025

Background: Bladder cancer remains the ninth most common cancer worldwide. Many of the risk factors associated with bladder cancer are acquired and are therefore modifiable. This study aimed to systematically review the literature to identify the main acquired risk factors associated with the development of bladder cancer. Methods: We performed a meticulous, systematic literature review for relevant studies using two electronic databases PubMed and Medline. Studies deemed eligible examined bladder cancer risk factors and were published in the English language. Results: One hundred and twenty-five full-text articles were included in the review. The majority were case–control studies and cohort studies, with some systematic reviews and meta-analyses included. The acquired risk factors which were most commonly identified include smoking, occupational exposures, dietary factors and medical conditions. Conclusion: Bladder cancer remains a disease with a significant global burden, much of which can be attributable to modifiable and acquired risk factors. A key factor in the primary prevention of bladder cancer is the identification and modification of these risk factors by both physicians and patients. Level of evidence: Not applicable
Fatal disseminated Toxoplasma gondii infection in a cat from Madrid, Spain
Authors: Real Llibertat , Barneto Alberto , Kortabarria Nekane , Aduriz Gorka 
Published: January 2025

Case summary Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed apicomplexan protozoan infecting all warm-blooded animals. Cats are the definitive host, susceptible to clinical disease. In Spain, studies have shown the widespread presence of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in cats but there are no published data on clinical toxoplasmosis in cats from Spain. We describe a case of fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in a 7-year-old outdoor domestic shorthair cat. The cat, an active hunter, was presented with a 1-week history of malaise and acute deterioration over 24 h. Fever, tachypnoea and abdominal discomfort were detected on physical examination. No evidence of immunosuppressive disease or previous treatment could be found. A moderate increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was found on serum biochemistry. Radiography revealed hepatomegaly and a small patchy pulmonary alveolar pattern in the caudal lung lobes. In 48 h, the AST and ALT levels were severely increased and the cat’s respiratory signs worsened. Parenteral clindamycin administration (25 mg/kg IV q12h) and supportive treatment could not prevent progression to death. Cytology from the liver and lungs revealed organisms morphologically consistent with T gondii. Indirect immunofluorescence antibody test Toxoplasma titres were 1:100 IgM and 1:100 IgG. PCR performed on scraped material from glass cytology slides was positive for T gondii in both lung and liver aspirates. Relevant and novel information To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in a cat described in Spain, confirmed by PCR. Fine-needle aspirates from the liver could assist in the diagnosis of fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis when liver enzymes are increased.