bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Continuing Education Program of Drugs with Fiscalized Substance to Improve Pharmacy Staff Competencies.
Authors: Ceballos Mauricio , Ospina Andrea Salazar , Hernandez Daniel Sabater , Amariles Pedro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of drugs with fiscalized substances without a correct prescription and without ambulatory pharmacy services can have negative consequences for public health. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a continuing education program in drugstores and pharmacies that improves pharmacy staff competencies to provide ambulatory pharmacy services. Setting: Ambulatory retail establishments (drugstores and pharmacies) in Colombia.Method: A multicenter, prospective, parallel-group, cluster-randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. The intervention group (IG) received a continuing education program for 12 months, including web-based social networking sites with a virtual classroom, a virtual course composed of 7 modules, access to a drug and dispensing information system, and pharmacy staff training. Control group (CG) received written material on the correct use of complex dosage forms for 12 months.Main outcome measure: Pharmacy staff competencies (knowledge, skills, and attitudes).Results: The sample was 305 drugstores and pharmacies, 153 in the IG and 152 in the CG. Of the 750-pharmacy staff invited, 88% (659) agreed to participate; a total of 379 pharmacy staff were assigned to the IG and 280 to the CG. Of a total, 65.3% (430) were women with a mean age was 35.6 years. At the end of the study, in the IG was statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in the 25 skills and attitudes self-reported, also knowledge improved in six of the seven assessed modules.Conclusion: Providing a continuing education program using various educational and active participation strategies improves assessed knowledge and self-reported for the provision of ambulatory pharmacy services.
Inverse Halftoning Based on Weighted Nuclear Norm Minimization
Authors: Yang Jun , Jia Xiaojun , Liu Zihao , Chen Li , Wu Ying 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The inverse halftoning technology refers to restore a continuous-tone image from a halftone image with only bi-level pixes. However, recovering the continuous images from their halftoned ones is normally ill-posed, which making the inverse halftoning algorithm very challenging. In this paper, we propose an optimization model with two alternate projections (TAP) for image inverse halftoning under the weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM) framework. The main contributions are two-folds. First, the WNNM nonlocal regularization term is established, which offers a powerful mechanism of nonlocal self-similarity to ensure a more reliable estimation. Second, the alternate minimization projections are formulated for solving the image inverse halftoning, which reconstructs the continuous-tone image without destroying the image details and structures. The experiment results shown that the proposed method outperformed the state of the arts in terms of both objective measurements and subjective visual performance.
Hybrid promoter engineering strategies in Yarrowia lipolytica: isoamyl alcohol production as a test study
Authors: Zhao Yu , Liu Shiqi , Lu Zhihui , Zhao Baixiang , Wang Shuhui , Zhang Cuiying , Xiao Dongguang , Foo Jee Loon , Yu Aiqun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: In biological cells, promoters drive gene expression by specific binding of RNA polymerase. They determine the starting position, timing and level of gene expression. Therefore, rational fine-tuning of promoters to regulate the expression levels of target genes for optimizing biosynthetic pathways in metabolic engineering has recently become an active area of research. Results: In this study, we systematically detected and characterized the common promoter elements in the unconventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, and constructed an artificial hybrid promoter library that covers a wide range of promoter strength. We also report for the first time that upstream activation sequences (UAS) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae promoters can be functionally transferred to Y. lipolytica. Subsequently, using the production of a versatile platform chemical isoamyl alcohol as a test study, the hybrid promoter library was applied to optimize the biosynthesis pathway expression in Y. lipolytica. By expressing the key pathway gene, ScARO10, with the promoter library, 1.1-30.3 folds increase in the isoamyl alcohol titer over that of the control strain Y. lipolytica Po1g KU70∆ was achieved. Interestingly, the highest titer increase was attained with a weak promoter PUAS1B4-EXPm to express ScARO10. These results suggest that our hybrid promoter library can be a powerful toolkit for identifying optimum promoters for expressing metabolic pathways in Y. lipolytica.Conclusion: We envision that this promoter engineering strategy and the rationally engineered promoters constructed in this study could also be extended to other non-model fungi for strain improvement.
Novel Fabrication of Engineered Nano-Selenium Incorporated Hydrogel for Potential Therapy and Care and of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Jianmei , Wang Pengfei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent years, the cardiac vascular disease has arisen owing to acute myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failures leads to death worldwide. Various treatments are available for MI in modern medicine such as implantation of devices, pharmaceutical therapy, and transplantation of organs, nonetheless it has many complications to find an organs donor, devices for stenosis, high intrusiveness and long-time hospitalization. To overcome these problems, we have designed and developed a novel hydrogel material with combination of Se NPs loaded poly(ethylene glycol)/tannic acid (PEG/TA) hydrogel for the treatment of acute MI repair. Herein, Se NPs was characterized by the effective analytical and spectroscopic techniques. In vitro cell compatibility and anti-oxidant analyses were examined on human cardiomyocytes in different concentrations of Se NPs and appropriate Se NPs loaded hydrogel samples to demonstrate its greater suitability into in vivo cardiac applications. In vivo investigations of MI mice models injected with Se hydrogels established that LV wall thickness was conserved significantly from the value of 235.6 µm to 390 µm. Addition that, the relative scar thickness (33.6 %) and infarct size (17.1 %) of the MI model was enormously reduced after injection of Se hydrogel when compared to the Se NPs and control (MI) sample, respectively, which confirmed that Se introduced hydrogel have greatly influenced on the restoration of infarcted heart. Based on the investigated results of the nanoformulated samples, it could be a promising material for future generations treatment of acute myocardial infarction and cardiac repair applications.
Risk Assessment of Arsenic Toxicity Through Ground Water-Soil-Rice System in Maldah District, Bengal Delta Basin, India
Authors: Khanam Rubina , Hazra Gora Chand , Bag Animesh Gosh , Chatterjee Nitin , Kulsum Pedda Ghouse Peera Sheikh , Shukla Arvind Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Arsenic (As), a toxic trace element, is of great environmental concern due to its presence in soil, water, plant, animal and human continuum. Its high toxicity and increased appearance in the biosphere have triggered public concern. The present study measured arsenic (As) concentrations in soil, groundwater and rice plant samples of five selected blocks of Maldah district, West Bengal, India. Soil, irrigation water and rice plant samples were collected from fields from the selected study areas. The results revealed the presence of As in higher concentrations than the maximum permissible limit of As in irrigation water (0.1 mg L− 1by WHO and Indian standard) in groundwater of Manikchak (0.553 ± 0.17 mg L− 1, Kaliachak III (0.528 ± 0.20 mg L− 1), Kaliachak II (0.449 ± 0.15 mg L− 1), Kaliachak I (0.207 ± 0.19 mg L− 1) The level of As in soil was also found to higher in those four blocks. The As content in rice grain and field is positively correlated with As content in irrigation water. The analysis of As of locally grown rice, showed the presence of its concentration higher than recommended safe level of As in rice by FAO/WHO (0.2 mg Kg-1) in some villages. The data of consumption of rice per day in the survey was used for the measurement of average daily dose and hazard quotient. Kaliachak III, Manikchak and Kaliachak II showed HQ greater than 1, indicating the possibility of non-carcinogenic health hazard. The study emphasized the severity of As problem in remote areas of West Bengal, India where people consume As tainted rice due to lack of awareness about the As problem and associated health issues.
Spatial and temporal analysis of Iran precipitation
Authors: Sorkhabi Omid Memarian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, spatial and temporal analysis of precipitation in Iran in 2019 and 2020 has been studied. The average annual precipitation in 2019 is about 345 mm and in 2020 285 mm. In 2019, the maximum precipitation was in the western and northwestern regions, and the minimum precipitation was in the central and eastern regions. In 2020, the maximum precipitation was in the northwestern areas and the minimum precipitation was in the central, eastern and southwestern areas. Northwestern regions of Iran have a positive precipitation difference, i.e. in 2020 it had more precipitation. The southern and western regions have a negative difference, i.e. in 2020, there was less rain.
Close Correlations Between The Carotid And Radial Relative Artery Blood Flow Velocity Ratio and BMI and Temperature In Normal Individuals
Authors: Zhu Xiang , Gao Wei , Chi Yong , Wang Zhiyong , Shao Junjie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Measuring carotid and radial pulses as a diagnostic method plays a vital role in sphygmology applied via traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In particular, many TCM theories and doctors have indicated that the pulse force ratio is closely correlated with human physiological conditions, such as weight and body temperature. However, few studies have explored these potential correlations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the pulse strength ratio and human metabolism indicators.Methods: The carotid and radial relative artery blood flow velocity (RABFV) and pulse force from 122 normal adults were examined by ultrasound and manual palpation by a doctor, and the same group was tested via a thermal texture map (TTM).Results: Obvious differences in the body side and sex were not observed in the ratio of carotid and radial RABFV among normal individuals (p>0.05). However, the ratio of young people was greater than that of old people (p<0.001), and strong support was obtained for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assumptions of seasonal differences in the ratio (p<0.001). Furthermore, we discovered that the ratio had a negative correlation with BMI and torso temperature but a positive correlation with hand temperature.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the ratio of carotid and radial RABFV could serve as an indicator of human physical conditions, such as BMI and human temperature, and represents a valuable tool for evaluating yin-yang properties in TCM clinical practice. The close correlations reported above verified some theories of TCM and provided strong support for sphygmology in TCM.
One Public Health Crisis into Many Others: The impact of COVID-19 on Upstaging of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jalaeefar Amirmohsen , Shirkhoda Mohammad , Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah , Omranipour Ramesh , Poopak Amirhossein , Sharifi Amirsina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: We aimed to investigate how COVID-19 affects patients with gastric cancer (GC) and what should be expected to happen in post-CVOID-19 era.Methods: A case-control study of GC patients referring to our center in two parallel time periods of February 25th to December 25th of 2020 and 2019 was conducted. Results: Twenty six patients during COVID-19 and 54 patients during pre-COVID-19 time were recruited. Mean age, gender, tumor location and T status distribution were not statistically different between study groups (all p values > 0.05). Regarding N status, distribution of N0, N1, N2 and N3 in pre-COVID group was as follows: 2(3%), 21(39%), 26(48%) and 6 (10%). In COVID-19 group N0 was not reported and N1, N2 and N3 were 7 (27%), 7 (27%) and 13 (46%) (p value < 0.05). Among pre-COVID patients 6 (11%) patients had gross metastasis in staging laparoscopy (SL) and 10 (18.5%) patients had positive malignant cytology. In COVID-19 group positive SL and positive cytology were found in 9(35%) and 11(42%), respectively (all p values < 0.05).Conclusion: Health care systems should adopt reasonable approaches to cancer management, otherwise the upcoming pandemic is locally advanced and metastatic cancers.
Cloudbc-To Ensure Data Integrity in Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: S Amrutha , S MAHESH A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An outbreak of corona virus caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2 occurred at the end of 2019. The unexpected outbreak and unchecked global spread of COVID19 indicate that the current global healthcare networks have limitations in addressing the crises for public safety. In this paper, we have studied to secure the COVID-19 patients ’ data. Data security and Storage Management becomes the most promising task in it, to manage it we use cloud computing. This leads to the strong evidence of unanswered questions related to the data security over the cloud data centres. The Proposed research work aims to protect the cloud data by implementing the new approach using blockchain technology. a novel secure Online/offline Decentralized Attribute Based Encryption for cloud. The proposed scheme reduces the online computation burden for data owners by completing the preprocessing computation as much as during the offline phase. The proposed scheme eliminates a major of computation overhead on user side by migrating the partial decryption computation to the cloud servers. The secure hash blocks are generated and maintained by the cloud storage devices enhance the data security on the cloud. The block chains allow the user to trace back the malicious data access and modifications.
Multi-Multimodality Integrated Stack-Ensemble Learning for the Prediction of Gleason Grade and Prognostic Outcome in Prostate Cancer: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Bao Jie , Hou Ying , Zhi Rui , Wang Ximing , Shi Haibin , Hu Chunhong , Zhang Yu-Dong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To develop a generalizable model, namely PRISK, for the prediction of Gleason grade and prognostic outcome in prostate cancer (PCa) with multiple clinical factors and multiparametric (mp) MRI using stack-ensemble learning.
Methods

PRISK is developed to primarily assess PCa Gleason grade between benign (pG0), 3 + 3 (pG1), 3 + 4 (pG2), 4 + 3 (pG3) and ≥ 4 + 4 (pG4) and secondly predict the biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). PRISK was developed with a stacked-ensemble learning of large-scale clinical identifications and mpMRI data in 671 training datasets, and was validated in 232 internal and 539 external datasets.
Results

The stacked-ensemble learning of mpMRI delivered a Radiomics-score and 5 transfer learning signatures from 5 deep transfer learning embedders. The PRISK, build with 10 clinical and imaging embedded predictors, achieved an area under the roc curve of 0.783, 0.798 and 0.762 in training, internal and external validation data for classifying Gleason grade, respectively. Specially, combined use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PI-RADS and Radiomics-score had excellent negative predictive value (94.1%) for clinical insignificant disease (pG0-1) and high positive predictive value (79.8%) for high-risk PCa (pG4). PSA ≥ 20 ng/ml (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence intervals [CIs], 1.20–2.08; p = 0.001) and PRISK ≥ G3 (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.12–1.88; p = 0.005) were independent predictors of BCR, with a C-index of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.73–0.79) for predicting BCR by Cox analysis.
Conclusions

We concluded that the PRISK can offer a noninvasive alternative to stratify PCa Gleason grade. This enables a step towards PCa risk stratification.
Internet of Things Energy Efficient Cluster-Based Routing Using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: A Senthil G , Raaza Arun , Kumar N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Specialized transducers in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that offer sensing services to the Internet of Things (IoT) devices have limited storage and energy resources. One of the most vital issues in WSN design is power usage, as it is nearly impossible to recharge or replace sensor nodes’ batteries. A prominent role in conserving power for energy-constrained networks is served by the clustering algorithm. It is possible to reduce network energy usage and network lifespan prolongation by proper balancing of the network load with Cluster Head (CH) election. The single-hop inter-cluster routing technique, in which there is a direct transfer from CHs to the Base Station (BS), is done by the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). However, for networks with large-regions, this technique is not viable. An optimized Orphan-LEACH (O-LEACH) has been proposed in this work to facilitate the formation of a novel process of clustering, which can result in minimized usage of energy as well as enhanced network longevity. Sufficient energy is possessed by the orphan node, which will attempt to be cover the network. The proposed work’s primary novel contribution is the O-LEACH protocol that supplies the entire network’s coverage with the least number of orphaned nodes and has extremely high connectivity rates. A hybrid optimization utilizing Simulated Annealing (SA) with Lightning Search Algorithm (LSA) (SA-LSA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with LSA (PSO-LSA) Algorithm is proposed. These proposed techniques effectivelymanage the CH election achieving optimal path routing and minimization in energy usage, resulting in the enhanced lifespan of the WSN. The proposed technique’s superior performance, when compared with other techniques, is confirmed from the outcomes of the experimentations.
Surgical Outcomes of Patients After Treatment of Ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: “Real-World” Evidence From Southern Thailand
Authors: Sungkaro Kanisorn , Tunthanathip Thara , Taweesomboonyat Chin , Kaewborisutsakul Anukoon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Anterior communicating artery (AComA) aneurysm rupture are the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage worldwide. We aim to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with ruptured AComA aneurysms who underwent microsurgical clipping and factors related to poor outcomes at our institute.
Methods

We retrospectively review 150 consecutive patients with ruptured AComA aneurysm who underwent surgical clipping in eleven-year period. Their clinical and radiologic features, as well as, clinical outcomes, were reviewed. In addition, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factor for unfavorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin scale 3–6).
Results

Enrolled patients included 83 male 67 females with mean age of 51.3 ± 11.5 years. Admission neurological status with a Hunt and Hess grade of 1 or 2 (97 patients; 64.7%) and a WFNS grade of 1 or 2 (109 patients; 72.6%). Unfavorable outcomes at 6 months was observed in 23 (22.0%) patients and mortality rate was 8.0%. The multivariate analysis showed that preoperative intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (P < 0.001; OR, 19.66; 95% CI, 5.10–75.80), A1 hypoplasia (P < 0.001; OR, 8.90; 95% CI, 2.82–28.04), and postoperative cerebral infarction (P = 0.025; OR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.16–8.88) were strongly independent risk factor for unfavorable outcomes in this group.
Conclusions

Among the ruptured AComA aneurysm patients who underwent surgical clipping; proper management of preoperative IVH, A1 hypoplasia and intensive care for postoperative brain infarction are warrant for improved the surgical outcome.
Genome-wide Identification, Expression, Characteristics of the Prolamin Superfamily in Thinopyrum Elongatum and Its Kneading Performance in Common Wheat
Authors: Gao Yu , Xu Shoushen , Ma Xin , Wang Hongwei , Kong Lingrang , Sun Silong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Prolamins, unique to Gramineae (grasses), play a key role in the human diet. Thinopyrum elongatum (also known as tall wheatgrass, rush wheatgrass, or Eurasian quackgrass) of Elytrigia is genetically well-characterized, but little is known about its prolamin genes and the relationships with homologous loci in the Triticum genus.Results: In this study, a total of 19 α-gliadin, 9 γ-gliadin, 19 ω-gliadin, 2 high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), and 5 low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) genes in the Th. elongatum genome were annotated. The transcriptome data of Th. elongatum exhibited differential expression in quantity and pattern in the same subfamily or different subfamilies. In addition, microsynteny and phylogenetic analysis revealed dynamic changes of prolamin gene region and genetic affinities among Th. elongatum, T. aestivum, T. urartu, and Aegilops tauschii. The E genome, like the B genome, only contained DQ8-glia-α1/DQ8.5-glia-α1, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of celiac disease (CD). Dough rheological properties of T. aestivum-Th. elongatum disomic substitution (DS) lines 1E(1A), 1E(1D), and 3E(3A) showed much higher peak height values than that of their parent.Conclusions: Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the prolamin gene superfamily in Th. elongatum, and suggests a promising use of this species in the generation of improved wheat breeds intended for the human diet.
Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma Combined With Core Decompression Bone Grafting for Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lai QiZhong , Cai Kaishen , Lin Tianye , Yang Peng , Xiong Binglang , Zou Qizhao , Li Ziqi , He Wei , Chen Zhenqiu , Zhang Qingwen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: Core decompression bone grafting usually is used hip-preserving approach for osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an adjuvant therapy, combined with core decompression bone grafting for ONFH. However, it remains controversial. Therefore, its efficacy was systematically evaluated and meta-analysis in this study.Methods: Literature on core decompression bone grafting for ONFH was retrieved in CNKI, Wan Fang, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science from inception to March 2021. Review Manager 5.3 software and Stata 12.0 software were used for data synthesis.Results: A total of 10 RCTs were included. The results showed at final follow-up that, Harris hip score was significantly difference in the treatment group, adjuvant therapy with PRP (group A) better than the control group (group B), MD=7.53 [95%CI (5.29,9.77)]，P < 0.00001. There was MD=-0.71[95%CI (-0.96, -0.46)], P < 0.00001, of visual analog scale (VAS) of hip pain between the two groups. The excellent and good rate of function of hip was 1.42-fold higher in group A than that in group B, RR=1.42, 95%CI (1.25,1.62), P<0.00001. The progression and total hip arthroplasty were showed improvements, RR=0.37,95%CI (0.21,0.65), P=0.0006 and RR=0.39,95%CI (0.18,0.85), P=0.02, respectively. Begg's and Egger's tests did not indicate publication bias.Conclusion: It was shown that the use of PRP combined with core decompression bone grafting improved the symptoms better than core decompression bone grafting only, and might delay progression and total hip arthroplasty. However, as the study’s limitations, it needed to be fully verified by more large-sample multicenter prospective clinical studies.