bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Sources and Impact of Trace Elements in the Annual Snowpack and the Firn in the Hansbreen (Southwest Spitsbergen)
Authors: Spolaor Andrea , Moroni Beatrice , Luks Bartłomiej , Nawrot Adam , Roman Marco , Larose Catherine , Stachnik Łukasz , Bruschi Federica , Kozioł Krystyna , Pawlak Filip , Turetta Clara , Barbaro Elena , Gallet Jean-Charles , Cappelletti David 
Published: January 2021

We present a thorough evaluation of the water soluble fraction of the trace element composition (Ca, Sr, Mg, Na, K, Li, B, Rb, U, Ni, Co, As, Cs, Cd, Mo, Se, Eu, Ba, V, Ge, Ga, Cr, Cr, P, Ti, Mn, Zr, Ce, Zn, Fe, Gd, Y, Pb, Bi, Yb, Al, Nb, Er, Nd, Dy, Sm, Ho, Th, La, Lu, Tm, Pr, Tb, Fe, In, Tl) and their fluxes in the annual snowpack and the firn of the Hansbreen (a tidewater glacier terminating in the Hornsund fjord, southwest Spitsbergen). The trace element samples were obtained from a 3 m deep snow pit dug at the plateau of the glacier (450 m a.s.l.), and from a 2 m deep firn core collected from the bottom of the snow pit. The comparison of elemental fluxes and enrichment factors allowed us to constrain specific summer and wintertime deposition patterns of water soluble trace elements in the southern part of the Svalbard archipelago. Our results suggest that the chemical composition of the Hansbreen (and likely other glaciers where the summit is close to the equilibrium line) is mainly affected by summertime deposition of trace elements from local sources and some volatile elements, which may be transported into the Arctic when polar vortex is weak. The melting of the annual snowpack seems to have a minor influence on the overall chemical signature of the glacier ice.
Transverse Aeolian Ridge Growth Mechanisms and Pattern Evolution in Scandia Cavi, Mars
Authors: Fenton Lori K. , Silvestro Simone , Kocurek Gary 
Published: January 2021

In Scandia Cavi on Mars, barchans migrating over a field of transverse aeolian ridges (TARs) leave behind distinctive trails (“wakes”) comprising both TARs undergoing exhumation and coarse-grained ripples being shed from the barchans. With distance upwind from the barchans, the combined pattern of these bedforms coarsens and defect density decreases, thus appearing to mature with exposure time. We present results of morphological analyses of the wake bedform crestlines using HiRISE images, seeking to determine how the wake pattern reflects TAR growth and pattern development. TARs interact with each other, exhibiting defect repulsions and possible lobe extensions, indicating that these bedforms have migrated in the past, despite the lack of identifiable change in overlapping images spanning 9.5 years. Mapping one wake in detail, we found that the TAR pattern is not affected by superposing ripples. However, the ripples undergo many interactions, first with one another, and later (with distance upwind) with the underlying TARs. Near the dune, many ripples laterally link, growing in length, and they preferentially form along TAR crests, resulting in small bedform repulsions and longer superposing ripples. Most of these ripples will be consumed by the TARs, an as-yet unreported growth dynamic for TARs that is consistent with the work of others, who have found a continuum between TARs and the meter-scale ripples that form on dunes. Constructing a DTM, orthorectifying HiRISE images, and measuring dune migration rates places the timescale of ripple absorption by TARs in a wake at several thousand years, with the first ∼1,000 years dominated by lateral linking of ripples. Assuming that TAR growth is accomplished entirely through dune burial and subsequent ripple consumption, we estimate a lower limit age of the TARs, and by extension, the dune field, to be ∼270 kyr.
Effect of Tai Chi on Quality of Life, Body Mass Index, and Waist-Hip Ratio in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Qin Jiawei , Chen Yannan , Guo Shuai , You Yue , Xu Ying , Wu Jingsong , Liu Zhizhen , Huang Jia , Chen Lidian , Tao Jing 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide public health concern with high morbidity and various progressive diabetes complications that result in serious economic expenditure and social burden. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of Tai Chi on improving quality of life (QoL), body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in patients with T2DM.MethodA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA recommendation. Four English databases and three Chinese databases were searched. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of including studies. Study inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies were included, patients with T2DM that adopted Tai Chi as intervention and QoL, BMI and/or WHR as outcome measurements.ResultsEighteen trials were included. The aggregated results of seven trials showed that Tai Chi statistically significantly improved QoL measured by the SF-36 on every domains (physical function: MD = 7.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.76 to 13.71, p = 0.01; role-physical function: MD = 9.76, 95% CI = 6.05 to 13.47, p &lt; 0.001; body pain: MD = 8.49, 95% CI = 1.18 to 15.8, p = 0.02; general health: MD = 9.80, 95% CI = 5.77 to 13.82, p &lt; 0.001; vitality: MD = 6.70, 95% CI = 0.45 to 12.94, p = 0.04; social function: MD = 9.1, 95% CI = 4.75 to 13.45, p &lt; 0.001; role-emotional function: MD = 7.88, 95% CI = 4.03 to 11.72, p &lt; 0.001; mental health: MD = 5.62, 95% CI = 1.57 to 9.67, p = 0.006) and BMI (MD = −1.53, 95% CI = −2.71 to −0.36, p &lt; 0.001) compared with control group (wait list; no intervention; usual care; sham exercise).ConclusionTai Chi could improve QoL and decrease BMI for patients with T2DM, more studies are needed to be conducted in accordance with suggestions mentioned in this review.
Factors Associated with Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) Severity in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Undergoing IVF/ICSI
Authors: Sun Bo , Ma Yujia , Li Lu , Hu Linli , Wang Fang , Zhang Yile , Dai Shanjun , Sun Yingpu 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionAge, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), low body mass index (BMI), high antral follicle count (AFC), increased anti-Muller hormone (AMH) levels, and elevated serum estradiol (E2) concentrations are risk factors for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, data on the relationship between risk factors and OHSS severity in patients with PCOS are rare.ObjectiveThis retrospective study examined the risk factors for OHSS and their effect on OHSS severity in patients with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).MethodThe records of 2,699 women were reviewed and included in this study. These women were diagnosed with PCOS during their first IVF/ICSI cycle between January 2010 and December 2017. We analyzed the association between each of the interrogated risk factors (including female age, BMI, AFC, basal serum E2, and the number of oocytes retrieved) and OHSS. The effects of each risk factor on OHSS severity were further explored. Logistic regression was performed as part of the above analysis.ResultsOf the 2,699 women with PCOS who underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART), 75.2% had a normal response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), while 24.8% developed OHSS. All OHSS patients were younger and had lower BMIs and basal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and E2 levels but higher AFCs than those in the normal group. AFC demonstrated a strong correlation with OHSS, with a cutoff value of 24 in patients with PCOS. A total of 19.5% of the patients had mild OHSS, while 80.5% had moderate OHSS. Compared with those in the moderate OHSS group, those in the mild OHSS group were older and had higher basal serum FSH levels and lower serum E2 and T levels. However, BMI and AFC were not different between the mild and moderate OHSS groups. Basal serum E2 showed a strong correlation with OHSS severity, with a cutoff value of 37.94 pg/ml.ConclusionsAFC is a strong marker of OHSS, and basal serum E2 is the best predictor of OHSS severity in women with PCOS undergoing IVF treatment.
In Vivo Pulse Wave Measurement Through a Multimode Fiber Diffuse Speckle Analysis System
Authors: Teng Zhongshuai , Gao Feng , Xia Hua , Chen Wenliang , Li Chenxi 
Published: January 2021

Continuous monitoring of in vivo pulsatile blood flow and pulse wave velocity (PWV) is important for clinical applications. These parameters are correlated with physiological parameters, such as blood pressure and elasticity of blood vessels. A multimode fiber diffuse speckle contrast analysis (MMF-DSCA) system was developed for fast measurement of in vivo pulsatile blood flow and pulse wave velocity. With MMF and CCD sensor, the diffuse speckle could be captured and processed with higher temporal resolution of 3 ms. We also induced for the first time an MMF-DSCA for evaluation of PWV, which allows estimation of the blood pressure continuously. To validate its performance, both phantom and in vivo experiments were conducted. The results demonstrate that MMF-DSCA could achieve fast pulsatile blood flow measurement with detailed information of the pulse wave profile and velocity. Taking the advantages of being simple and cost-effective, the flexible system can be easily adapted for continuous monitoring of vital biosigns, such as heart rate, pulse wave, and blood pressure.
Associations of Performance-Based Functional Assessments and Adverse Outcomes in CKD
Authors: Belkin Mitchell D. , Doerfler Rebecca M. , Wagner Lee-Ann , Zhan Min , Fink Jeffrey C. 
Published: January 2021

Key Points

Association of performance-based functional measures with adverse outcomes pertinent to patients with CKD has not been fully evaluated.Physical function assessments have the strongest association with CKD adverse outcomes, including death, ESKD, and decline in GFR.Low-tech, inexpensive, performance-based functional assessments offer providers a tool to categorize risk in CKD.

Background
The comparative utility of performance-based functional assessments in predicting adverse outcomes in CKD is unknown. To examine their relative utility, we examined three performance-based functional assessments in an observational cohort of patients with CKD.

Methods
We recruited 350 participants with stage II–V, predialysis CKD. Participants were administered three performance-based functional assessments: Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Modified Mini-Mental Status Exam (M3SE), and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Scores were dichotomized on the basis of the median and combined into a summary score. Outcomes included 50% GFR reduction, ESKD, and death. We used Cox proportional hazards to assess the association of performance-based functional assessments with outcomes.

Results
Compared with high performers, low SPPB performers had the highest adjusted rate of death, ESKD, or 50% reduction in GFR (HR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.28 to 2.99). Low SPPB had the strongest association with death when adjusted for multiple covariates (HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.36 to 4.34). M3SE performance was not associated with any adverse outcome. None of the performance-based functional assessments were associated with ESKD, but a low IADL score was associated with a lower hazard ratio for ESKD or 50% decline GFR (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.00).

Conclusions
Low SPPB score was the strongest predictor of death and all adverse outcomes as a composite. Future trials should determine if outcomes for patients with CKD who have poor physical performance and low SPPB scores are improved by targeted interventions.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Safe Kidney Care Cohort Study, NCT01407367
PENGARUH FAKTOR INDIVIDU, RELASI, DAN KOMUNITAS TERHADAP HUBUNGAN SEKSUAL PRANIKAH REMAJA PRIA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ronaldias Yulianus , Sirait Timbang 
Published: January 2021

Hubungan seksual pranikah pada remaja merupakan permasalahan kesehatan yang serius karena dampaknya baik dari sisi fisik maupun psikis. Namun demikian, masih banyak remaja yang melakukan hubungan seksual pranikah, khususnya remaja pria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran umum perilaku seksual pranikah remaja pria di Indonesia, mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan karakteristik antarprovinsi terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah remaja pria, dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi hubungan seks pranikah remaja pria ditinjau dari faktor individu, relasi, dan komunitas (provinsi). Data yang digunakan adalah data mentah hasil SDKI 2017 dan beberapa publikasi BPS dan Kemen PPPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi logistik biner multilevel dengan random intercept. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat variasi persentase seks pranikah remaja pria antarprovinsi dengan tertinggi di Provinsi Maluku dan terendah di Provinsi Aceh. Selanjutnya, sebesar 18,13 persen variasi perilaku seks pranikah remaja pria di Indonesia disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan karakteristik antarprovinsi. Pada level individu dan relasi, variabel usia, status bekerja, sikap seks pranikah, sikap keperawanan, perilaku berisiko, diskusi kesehatan reproduksi dengan orang tua, memiliki teman pernah seks pranikah, dan status pacaran signifikan memengaruhi perilaku seks pranikah remaja pria. Sedangkan pada level komunitas, persentase penduduk miskin dan persentase kepala rumah tangga perempuan signifikan memengaruhi perilaku seks pranikah remaja pria di Indonesia.
ANALISIS CAPAIAN BELAJAR SISWA SMAN DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019 DENGAN PEMODELAN MIXED GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION
Authors: Nainggolan Febrianto , Pasaribu Ernawati 
Published: January 2021

Capaian belajar siswa secara nasional selama ini diukur dengan hasil Ujian Nasional (UN). Sebaran nilai UN siswa SMAN di Indonesia cenderung tidak merata, dimana capaian belajar yang tinggi hanya berada di pulau Jawa. Ironisnya, wilayah di Kawasan Timur Indonesia memiliki rata-rata nilai UN yang sangat rendah. Hal yang menarik bahwa wilayah dengan kategori nilai yang sama cenderung berdekatan dan mengindikasikan terdapat efek kewilayahan pada capaian belajar di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menganalisis karakteristik dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi capaian belajar siswa SMAN tingkat kabupaten/kota di Indonesia tahun 2019 dengan pendekatan model mixed Geographically Weighted Analysis (mixed GWR). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa terdapat efek autokorelasi spasial dan heterogenitas spasial dalam pemodelan nilai UN SMAN tingkat kabupaten/kota dan faktor yang memengaruhinya di Indonesia pada tahun 2019. Analisis menggunakan metode mixed GWR menghasilkan variabel kondisi bangunan ruang kelas, rasio siswa per kelas, dan nilai Uji Kompetensi Guru memengaruhi capaian belajar secara lokal di tiap kabupaten/kota. Sementara, PDRB per kapita berpengaruh secara global terhadap capaian belajar. Saran yang diberikan yaitu perbaikan bangunan ruang kelas, distribusi jumlah siswa per kelas dan sebaran guru berkemampuan tinggi yang lebih merata. Selain itu, perlu diadakan bentuk ujian yang lebih dapat menggambarkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia, sebagai pengganti Ujian Nasional.
IMPLEMENTASI WEB SCRAPING DALAM PENGUMPULAN BERITA KRIMINAL PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Satriajati Salim , Panuntun Satria Bagus , Pramana Setia 
Published: January 2021

Saat ini telah banyak situs berita yang menyediakan informasi terkait kejadian maupun fenomena. Di sisi lain, pandemi Covid-19 memunculkan krisis dan masalah multidimensi. Salah satunya adalah timbulnya kriminalitas di tengah masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan berita kriminal yang terjadi pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dari situs berita. Adapun pengumpulan informasi dari situs berita menggunakan teknik web scraping. Web scraping adalah suatu teknik penggalian informasi dari situs web. Berita yang berhasil dikumpulkan, kemudian dapat dianalisis mengenai adanya kemungkinan tren kejadian kriminal beriringan dengan tren pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Situs berita yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah detik.com. Berdasarkan situs Alexa Internet (alexa.com), detik.com menjadi salah satu situs berita yang paling sering diakses dan masuk ke dalam 10 besar situs web dengan traffic tertinggi di Indonesia. Sedangkan data Covid-19 di Indonesia bersumber dari situs KawalCOVID19.id. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah berita kriminal dan jumlah kasus terkonfirmasi Covid-19 memiliki tren harian yang sama, yakni makin meningkat. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Web scraping dapat diimplementasikan untuk mengumpulkan berita. Hasil dari web scraping selanjutnya dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui tren jumlah berita kriminal harian yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan tren harian jumlah kasus terkonfirmasi Covid-19 di Indonesia.
Anatomic predictors of intraocular pressure change after phacoemulsification: an AS-OCT study
Authors: Ramli Norlina , Chan Li Yen , Nongpiur Monisha , Samsudin Amir , He Mingguang , Zahari Mimiwati 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Phacoemulsification surgery is known to alter anterior segment structure parameters and also intraocular pressure (IOP). We set out in this study to investigate the relationship between the two parameters by using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).
Purpose: To evaluate anterior segment and lens parameters associated with IOP lowering after phacoemulsification.
Study design: Prospective longitudinal single centre study.
Materials and methods: All consented study participants underwent uneventful phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation. IOP measurement, gonioscopy, and AS-OCT measurements were performed pre- and postoperatively at one month. Customised software (Zhongshan Angle Assesment Programme, ZAAP) was used to measure various anterior chamber parameters. A-scan biometry was used to measure axial length (AL), lens thickness (LT), and to calculate lens position (LP) and relative lens position (RLP).
Results: Eighty-six eyes from 86 patients were included in this study. The mean IOP reduced significantly after phacoemulsification (from 16.2 ± 2.4 mmHg to 14.1 ± 2.6 mmHg at one week and 14.4 ± 2.3 mmHg at one month, P < 0.001). In the multivariate regression model, preoperative IOP and AL were the only significant parameters associated with percentage change in IOP (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Change in IOP post-phacoemulsification is dependent on preoperative IOP and AL. Greater percentage change in IOP is seen in eyes with shorter axial length.
Iris-claw intraocular lens, scleral-fixated intraocular lens, and angle-supported anterior chamber intraocular lens in Hospital Melaka: a four-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Chan Chin Sern , Chua Szu May , Md Khair Siti Zakiah , Abdul Jalil Nor Fadzillah , Raja Omar Raja Norliza , Othman Othmaliza 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Cataract surgery with insufficient capsular support has become an intense challenge to surgeons in intraocular lens (IOL) selection. Anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL), iris-claw (Artisan) IOL, and scleral-fixated IOL (SFIOL) are the three common types of IOL used. However, each type of IOL has its own characteristics and different clinical requirements. IOL selection is important in ensuring good visual outcome.
Purpose: The purpose is to compare the duration or surgery, visual outcomes, and complications among ACIOL, Artisan IOL, and SFIOL.
Study design: Retrospective comparative analysis.
Material and methods: This is a four-year retrospective analysis of patients who underwent either ACIOL, Artisan IOL, or SFIOL implantation between January 2014 and January 2018. Patients were divided into ACIOL, Artisan, and SFIOL groups. Demographic data, duration of surgery, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, and postoperative complications were identified and compared among the different groups.
Results: Sixty-four eyes from 58 patients were analysed: twenty (31.3%) eyes with ACIOL, 28 (43.8%) eyes with Artisan, and 16 (25%) eyes with SFIOL. Mean surgery times for ACIOL, Artisan, and SFIOL were: 61 ± 27.8, 64 ± 26.9, and 104.1 ± 46.8, respectively. SFIOL showed significantly longer surgery time than the ACIOL and Artisan groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in surgery time between the ACIOL and Artisan groups (p > 0.05). The Artisan group showed significantly better visual recovery at postoperative 1 week than both the ACIOL and SFIOL groups (Artisan vs ACIOL: 6/18 vs 6/24, p < 0.05; Artisan vs SFIOL: 6/18 vs 6/60, p < 0.05). However, final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at two months was comparable among all three groups with a median BCVA of 6/9. Elevated intraocular pressure occurred in all IOL groups, retinal detachment developedin the Artisan and SFIOL groups, epiretinal membrane developed in the ACIOL and SFIOL groups, corneal decompensation developed in the ACIOL group only. Cystoid macular oedema and IOL tilt occurred in SFIOL only.
Conclusions: All three groups of IOL showed comparable good visual outcomes. The decision of IOL selection should be based on patients’ clinical condition and availability of surgical skill and resources.
Our experience with emergency ophthalmic surgery at Hospital Kuala Lumpur during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Seow Shu Yee , Asaari Sabrina Abu Hassan , Rahmat Jamalia 
Published: January 2021

As Malaysia called to arms its front liners for the COVID-19 pandemic, Hospital Kuala Lumpur was converted into a hybrid hospital to handle both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. There was a reprioritization of services affecting all hospital units, including ophthalmology. We illustrate the challenges faced with two ophthalmic emergency cases that presented during this trying period: a case of left eye posterior globe rupture sustained through a motor vehicle accident and another case of right eye bleb leakage 3 weeks post-trabeculectomy.
This report highlights the various perioperative challenges faced by the ophthalmology team in managing these cases. Amongst them were logistic and technical challenges, which included the wait for COVID-19 test results, ophthalmic services scattered between three buildings, and the initial lack of guidelines. Disruption to our emergency ophthalmic workflow required adaptation and improvisation.
As we transition to resume “normal” ophthalmic services, healthcare centres will undergo frequent remodelling in their usual work processes to ensure that high standards of care are upheld whilst protecting healthcare workers.