bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Inhibition of Anti-apoptotic Proteins BCL-XL and MCL-1 Enhances Cytotoxicity of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Rahman Siti Fairus Abdul , Azlan Azali , Lo Kwok-Wai , Azzam Ghows , Mohana-Kumaran Nethia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the many strategies that cancer cells evade death is through up-regulation of the BCL-2 anti-apoptotic proteins. Hence, these proteins have become attractive therapeutic targets. Given that different cell population rely on different anti-apoptotic proteins for survival, it is crucial to determine which proteins are important for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell survival. Here we determined the survival requirements for the NPC cells using combination of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique and selective BH3-mimetics. A human apoptosis RT2 Profiler PCR Array was first employed to profile the anti-apoptotic gene expressions in NPC cell lines HK-1 and C666-1. The HK-1 cells expressed all the anti-apoptotic genes (MCL-1, BFL-1, BCL-2, BCL-XL, and BCL-w). Similarly, the C666-1 cells expressed all the anti-apoptotic genes except BFL-1 (undetectable level). Notably, both cell lines highly expressed MCL-1. Deletion of MCL-1 sensitized the NPC cells to BCL-XL selective inhibitor A-1331852, suggesting that MCL-1 and BCL-XL may be important for NPC cell survival. Co-inhibition of MCL-1 and BCL-2 with MCL-1 selective inhibitor S63845 and BCL-2 selective inhibitor ABT-199 inhibited NPC cell proliferation but the effect on cell viability was more profound with co-inhibition of MCL-1 and BCL-XL with S63845 and A-1331852, implying that MCL-1 and BCL-XL are crucial for NPC cell survival. Furthermore, co-inhibition of MCL-1 and BCL-XL inhibited the growth and invasion of NPC spheroids. Deletion of BFL-1 sensitized NPC cells to A-1331852 suggesting that BFL-1 may play a role in NPC cell survival. Taken together co-inhibition of BCL-XL and MCL-1/BFL-1 could be potential treatment strategies for NPC.
Modelling of Seepage and Slope Stability Analysis of Ribb Embankment Dam, Ethiopia
Authors: Zewdu Amanuel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Safety against seepage is one in all the primary important steps for checking the possibility of failure of embankment dam and the stability of an embankment dam depends on its geometry, its components, materials, properties of every component, and therefore the forces to which it's subjected. This paper presented seepage and slope stability analysis against Ribb dam safety using finite element-based PLAXIS software, and so the result was compared with different standards. PLAXIS is alternative software that will be used for evaluating the protection of embankment dams due to seepage conditions. The simulated results showed the common rate of flow of seepage through the body of the dam at normal pool level was equal to 5.05*10−6 m3/s/m and through the foundation of the dam was 3.00*10−6 m3/s/m. According to Look (2014) recommendation, the seepage results within the tolerable limit. The results of the factor of safety were considered too different loading conditions. The factor of safety results during the end of construction for both static and dynamic stability analysis were 1.3063 and 1.2226, respectively. For steady-state conditions, the factor of safety obtained for static stability analysis was 1.2604, and also the dynamic analysis 1.1803. The rapid drawdown condition is analyzed with a normal pool level of 1940 m lowered to 1900 m or rapidly reduced 57% of the reservoir water. The analysis results showed that the factor of safety for the static, and dynamic analyses were 1.2021 and 1.0662, respectively. Using different recommended design standards: United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), British dam society (BDS), and Canadian dam association (CDA) the slope stability analysis of the Ribb embankment dam at all critical loading conditions is safe.
Construction and Validation of an Immune-Related lncRNA Prognosis Model for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Li Zheng , Wang Hui , Deng Xia , Zhang Jing , Tang Wanyan , Wang Ling , You Wenxin , Nian Weiqi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Immune-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the development of cancer. This study aimed to identify immune-related lncRNAs in thyroid cancer (THCA) and to develop a prognostic model for THCA. Method: We downloaded immune-related gene sets from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) website and obtained THCA gene expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune-related lncRNAs were then obtained by performing a correlation analysis on the expression of lncRNAs and immune-related genes. Prognostic model for THCA immune-related lncRNAs was developed though univariate Cox regression and multiple Cox regression analyses. We confirmed the results in clinical samples using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: A totally of 26 immune-related lncRNAs in THCA were obtained. Then we constructed a prognosis model composed of seven lncRNAs (LINC01614, AC017074.1, LINC01184, LINC00667, ACVR2B-AS1, AC090673.1 and LINC00900). Our model can be used as an independent prognostic factor. Principal component analysis displayed that the lncRNAs in the model can distinguish between high and low-risk groups. Clinical correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of AC090673.1 (P<0.05), LINC01184 (P<0.001), and LINC01614 (P<0.001) were related to disease stage, and LINC00900 (P<0.001) and LINC01614 (P<0.001) were related to T stage. We validated this model in cancer and paracancerous tissues from 24 THCA patients. Conclusion: We identified and experimentally validated seven immune-related lncRNAs that can serve as potential biomarkers for THCA prognosis.
The Mote in thy Brother’s Eyes - Fusarium Solani in Leukemia Host
Authors: AlAgha Rawan , Chan Wee Lee , Sheng Thong Edwin Wei , Lee Joanne , Ying Jen Wei , Chew Ka Lip , Samitasin Nares , Somani Jyoti 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fusariosis is increasingly seen among immunocompromised host. The organism is known for its virulence and spectrum of infections. Presenting here a case of relapse acute myeloblastic leukemia on chemotherapy with acute onset of red painful eye followed by widespread painful skin lesions. Microbiological and radiological investigations diagnosed her with disseminated fusariosis. Treatment was challenging in view its inherent resistance to multiple anti-fungal agents and the need for early aggressive source control. The case report reflects the importance of early diagnosis and combination chemotherapy to salvage the patient from high mortality.
Simulation of Data Losses, Nonlinearity and Modulation Impact in RPAS/UAV Swarms
Authors: Ilnytska Svitlana , Li Fengping , Grekhov Andrii , Kondratiuk Vasyl , Chao Jin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Intelligence of Remotely Piloted Air System (RPAS) swarms depends on reliable communications. The parallelism and distributed characteristics of swarm intelligence provide self-adapting and reliable capabilities. This article is devoted to the calculation of packet losses and the impact of traffic parameters on the data exchange with swarms. Original swarm models were created with the help of MATLAB and NetCracker packages. Dependences of data packet losses on the transaction size are calculated for different RPAS number in a swarm using NetCracker software. Data traffic with different parameters and statistical distribution laws was considered. The effect of different distances to drones on the base station workload has been simulated. Data transmission in a swarm was studied using MATLAB software depending on the signal-to-noise ratio, nonlinearity levels of base station amplifier, signal modulation types, base station antenna diameters, and signal phase offsets. The data obtained allows foresee the operation of RPAS communication channels in swarms.
Effects and Usefulness of Inspiratory Muscle Training Load in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer with Dyspnea
Authors: Sakai Yasunari , Yamaga Takayoshi , Yamamoto Shuhei , Matsumori Keiji , Ichiyama Takashi , Hanaoka Masayuki , Ikegami Shota , Horiuchi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Patients with advanced lung cancer tend to develop dyspnea and the usefulness of non-drug therapy. On the contrary, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) exerts a relatively lower burden on patients; however, its usefulness has not been demonstrated. This study aimed to clarify the effects and usefulness of IMT in patients with advanced lung cancer with dyspnea.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 46 patients with advanced lung cancer hospitalized for medical treatment. The participants were categorized into the exercise therapy group, which served as control, and the IMT load + exercise therapy group, who performed IMT at a load of 30–40% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in addition to exercise therapy.
Results

No patient dropped out owing to IMT load. The MIP variations had a significant interaction between group and period and that those in the IMT load + exercise therapy group increased, with significant differences between baseline and week 1, between week 1 and week 2, as well as between baseline and week 2. The analysis also demonstrated that the variations of dyspnea at rest and on exertion had a significant interaction between group and period and that those in the IMT load + exercise therapy group decreased with significant differences between baseline and week 1 as well as between baseline and week 2.
Conclusions

This study revealed that IMT load significantly improved MIP and dyspnea in patients with advanced lung cancer. In addition, the persistence rate of IMT in these patients was high.
Mulheres sertanejas cordelistas e a organização de um espaço de fala no cordel feminino
Authors: Figueiredo Marina Dantas de , Teixeira Juliana Cristina , Feitoza Luciana Bandeira de Oliveira 
Published: November 2021

O direito à fala, como direito de se expressar e ter sua narrativa e interpretação da realidade vivida considerada, tem sido historicamente negado ou dificultado a determinados grupos sociais. As mulheres sertanejas, sobre as quais interseccionam categorias de opressão, seguem lutando contra heranças da desigualdade estrutural de gênero, que colocam o sertão brasileiro em condições estruturais subalternizadas. Nosso objetivo neste estudo é propor a ideia de ‘espaços de fala’ para analisar a busca por legitimação de formas de produção de conhecimento no âmbito das práticas cotidianas de enfrentamento de mulheres sertanejas cordelistas, na forma de expressões subjetivas coletivas ou individualizadas, especificamente no contexto da literatura de cordel. Para tanto, realizamos pesquisa qualitativa baseada em análise documental de cordéis e observação não participante para compreender como a prática literária de mulheres cordelistas se constitui enquanto espaço de fala. Numa contribuição à teoria sobre lugar de fala, concluímos que a organização da literatura de cordel como ‘espaço de fala’ passa pela (1) apropriação feminina do cordel como meio de reivindicação, que assume a função de representação escrita da fala das mulheres sertanejas; (2) busca por reconhecimento das cordelistas, individualmente, na cena literária do cordel; e (3) relação com o ativismo político em torno das questões femininas e do vocabulário feminista.
„Per il vero bene della famiglia umana”: L’analisi sociologica ed etica sul Documento sulla fratellanza umana per la pace mondiale e la convivenza comune
Authors: Biały Stanisław 
Published: November 2021

Artykuł ten to podjęta próba oceny, z punktu widzenia możliwości budowania pokojowych relacji społecznych, wydarzenia, jakim było podpisanie Dokumentu o braterstwie ludzkim dla pokoju światowego i wzajemnych relacji, w stolicy Emiratów Arabskich Abu Dhabi (Zabi) 4 lutego 2019 r. przez papieża Franciszka i wielkiego Imama islamskiego uniwersytetu al.-Azhar w Kairze, Szejka Al-Azhara Ahmada Al-Tayyeba. Akt ten odbył się na konferencji poświęconej braterstwu ludzkiemu organizowanej przez Muzułmańską Radę Starszych (Muslim Council of Elders), założoną w 2014 roku, mającą za cel przełamanie podziałów i waśni w łonie islamu, a także obronę tej religii przed ekstremistami, oraz krzewienie przesłania ludzkich wartości i tolerancji. Niniejszy dokument, podpisany w kontekście zakładanych celów tego stowarzyszenia, jak i problematyki różnych aktualnych konfliktów religijnych (nie wykluczając aktów terroryzmu) - możemy uznać za akt epokowy. Jest on (w pewnym sensie) zwieńczeniem teologicznych przemyśleń i działań poprzednika papieża Franciszka – Benedykta XVI, który w swoim znamiennym wystąpieniu na uniwersytecie w Ratysbonie (6.09.2006 r. ), określił bardzo odważnie etyczno-teologiczne nieporozumienie, jakim jest uzurpowanie sobie prawa (w imię wyznawanego Boga) do szerzenia swojej religii nie wylkuczając przemocy, co muzułmanie nazywają dżihadem. Stwierdził bowiem, że przemoc jest rzeczą irracjonalną i że, jako taka, nie może odpowiadać naturze racjonalnego (i świętego) Boga, którego wyznajemy. Protesty, jakie wtedy się pojawiły w świecie muzułmańskim, dziś, w akcie tego podpisanego dokumentu, wydają się być już tylko echem niepotrzebnego niezrozumienia się pomiędzy dwoma wielkim religiami.
Tym samym autor artykułu dochodzi do przekonania, iż należy mieć nadzieję, że niniejszy dokument posłuży pokojowi na świecie; tzn. układaniu pozytywnych relacji między chrześcijanami i muzułmanami. Nadto uważa, że należy wyrazić duży szacunek dla sygnatariuszy takiej bardzo ważne wzajemnej deklaracji. Jednakowoż (podkreśla), że dokument ten (chociaż bardzo ważny), sam w sobie niczego nie załatwi w poprawieniu stosunków między zwaśnionymi stronami, jak też nie zmieni myślenia ludzi, których nazywamy fundamentalistami (radykałami). Potrzebna jest dalsza wzajemna praca i wzajemne kontakty w trosce o jeszcze lepsze zrozumienie się i pojednanie. Chciałby niniejszym podkreślić, że ma rację P. Prüffer, który w swojej - wyżej wspomnianej - książce pisał o potrzebie czerpania przez współczesną socjologię (tj. teorię życia społecznego) z dorobku katolickiej doktryny społecznej. A to także oznacza, że nie możemy wykluczyć z tego dorobku kodyfikacji zawartych w KPK. Analizowany dokument, mówiący o wzajemnej tolerancji i braterstwie, jest niniejszem dobrym świadectwem potrzeby takiej wzajemnej współpracy.
A Revisit to Etiopathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Kumar Manish , Bansal Nitin 
Published: November 2021

:
Dementia is a cluster of brain abnormalities that trigger progressive memory deficits and
other cognitive abilities such as skills, language, or executive function. Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
is the foremost type of age-associated dementia that involves progressive neurodegeneration accompanied
by profound cognitive deficits in advanced stages that severely hamper social or occupational
abilities with or without the involvement of any other psychiatric condition. The last two decades
witnessed a sharp increase (~123%) in mortality due to AD type dementia, typically owing
to a very low disclosure rate (~45%) and hence, the prophylactic, as well as the therapeutic cure of
AD, has been a huge challenge. Although understanding of AD pathogenesis has witnessed a remarkable
growth (e.g., tauopathy, oxidative stress, lipid transport, glucose uptake, apoptosis, synaptic
dysfunction, inflammation, and immune system), still a dearth of an effective therapeutic agent
in the management of AD prompts the quest for newer pharmacological targets in the purview of
its growing epidemiological status. Most of the current therapeutic strategies focus on modulation
of a single target, e.g., inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, glutamate excitotoxicity (memantine), or
nootropics (piracetam), even though AD is a multifaceted neurological disorder. There is an impedance
urgency to find not only symptomatic but effective disease-modifying therapies. The present
review focuses on the risk / protective factors and pathogenic mechanisms involved in AD. In addition
to the existing symptomatic therapeutic approach, a diverse array of possible targets linked to
pathogenic cascades have been re-investigated to envisage the pharmacotherapeutic strategies in
AD.
Recombinant Unique Cartilage Matrix-associated Protein
Potentiates Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization of
MC3T3-E1 Cells
Authors: Lee Yeon-Ju , Ju Hyeon Yeong , Park Seung-Yoon , Ihn Hye Jung , Park Eui Kyun , Kim Jung-Eun 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
The relative balance of osteoblasts in bone formation and
osteoclasts in bone resorption is crucial for maintaining bone health. With age, this
balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is broken, resulting in bone loss. Anabolic
drugs are continuously being developed to counteract this low bone mass. Recombinant
proteins are used as biotherapeutics due to being relatively easy to produce on a large
scale and are cost-effective through various expression systems. This study aimed to
develop a recombinant protein that would positively impact osteoblast differentiation and
mineralized nodule formation using unique cartilage matrix-associated protein (UCMA).

Methods:
A recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-UCMA fusion protein was
generated in an E.coli system, and purified by affinity chromatography. MC3T3-E1
osteoblast cells and Osterix (Osx)-knockdown stable cells were cultured for 14 days to
investigate osteoblast differentiation and nodule formation in the presence of the
recombinant GST-UCMA protein. The differentiated cells were assessed by alizarin red S
staining and quantitative PCR of the osteoblast differentiation marker osteocalcin. In
addition, cell viability in the presence of the recombinant GST-UCMA protein was
determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)
assay and cell adhesion assay.

Results:
The isolation of both purified recombinant GST-only and GST-UCMA proteins
were confirmed at 26 kDa and 34 kDa, respectively, by Coomassie staining and western
blot analysis. Neither dose-dependent nor time-dependent presence of recombinant
GST-UCMA affected MC3T3-E1 cell viability. However, MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion to the
recombinant GST-UCMA protein increased dose-dependently. Osteoblast differentiation
and nodule formation were promoted in both MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells and Osxknockdown
stable cells when cultured in the presence of recombinant GST-UCMA
protein.

Conclusion:
A recombinant GST-UCMA protein induces osteogenic differentiation and
mineralization, suggesting its potential use as an anabolic drug to increase low bone
mass in osteoporotic patients.
Ternary System of Bacogenins with Fulvic Acid and Hydrogenated Soy Lecithin: Preparation, Characterization and,In vivoStudies
Authors: Gnananath Kattamanchi , Nataraj Kalakonda Sri , Rao Battu Ganga , Kumar Kolli Prabhanjan , Chandrasekhar Kommavari , Jain Pooja , Mirza Mohd. Aamir 
Published: November 2021

Aim:The aim of this study was to simultaneously enhance the solubility and stability of bacogenins hydrolyzed bacoside rich extract by a ternary system comprised of hydrogenated soy lecithin and a third auxiliary substance, fulvic acid.Method:Both ternary and binary complexes were prepared using the solvent evaporation method were characterized by Fourier transform infrared technique, differential scanning calorimeter and scanning electron microscope. The entrapment efficacy in both binary and ternary system was calculated and the effect on the solubility, dissolution and stability of bacogenins was found out. Furthermore, the prepared complexes were subjected to behavioural pharmacological studies.Results :FTIR, DSC, and SEM studies in totality confirmed the formation of binary and ternary complexes. Enhancement in solubility was observed, and the order of release characteristics was found to be BHFS> BHSL>BHF> BH when the dissolution studies were carried out in 40% aqueous solution of ethanol. A significant improvement in the memory and antioxidant capacity was noticed in both binary, ternary complexes and fulvic acid treatment groups.Conclusion:The results revealed that the ternary complex could be a promising drug delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of the bacogenins.
Association of Oxidative Stress with Neurological Disorders
Authors: Hassan Waseem , Noreen Hamsa , Rehman Shakila , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , da Rocha Joao Batista Teixeira 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Oxidative stress is one of the main contributing factors involved in cerebral
biochemical impairment. The higher susceptibility of the central nervous system to reactive oxygen
species mediated damage could be attributed to several factors. For example, neurons use a greater
quantity of oxygen, many parts of the brain have higher concentraton of iron, and neuronal mitochondria
produce huge content of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, neuronal membranes have polyunsaturated
fatty acids, which are predominantly vulnerable to oxidative stress (OS). OS is the imbalance
between reactive oxygen species generation and cellular antioxidant potential. This may
lead to various pathological conditions and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases such as,
Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s diseases.

Objectives:
In this study, we explored the involvement of OS in neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods:
We used different search terms like “oxidative stress and neurological disorders” “free radicals
and neurodegenerative disorders” “oxidative stress, free radicals, and neurological disorders” and
“association of oxidative stress with the name of disorders taken from the list of neurological disorders.
We tried to summarize the source, biological effects, and physiologic functions of ROS.

Results:
Finally, it was noted that more than 190 neurological disorders are associated with oxidative
stress.

Conclusion:
More elaborated studies in the future will certainly help in understanding the exact mechanism
involved in neurological diseases and provide insight into revelation of therapeutic targets.
The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity
Authors: Sagor Md. Abu Taher , Smita Rafia Mehjabeen , Shuvo Anik Prasad Roy , Raihan Sabbir , Jahan Rajib , Simin Faria Anjum , Rahman Ashiqur , Biswas Soumick , Salem Liyad 
Published: November 2021

:
Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are
responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy
metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency
in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout
the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral
deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses
on another, more “less discussed” form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution
to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication
but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral
insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes,
and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and
various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies
and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR
and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration,
and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that
may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect
mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities,
such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide,
and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.