bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the association between exposome score for schizophrenia and functioning in schizophrenia, siblings, and healthy controls: Results from the EUGEI study
Authors: Erzin Gamze , Pries Lotta-Katrin , van Os Jim , Fusar-Poli Laura , Delespaul Philippe , Kenis Gunter , Luykx Jurjen J. , Lin Bochao D. , Richards Alexander L. , Akdede Berna , Binbay Tolga , Altınyazar Vesile , Yalınçetin Berna , Gümüş-Akay Güvem , Cihan Burçin , Soygür Haldun , Ulaş Halis , Cankurtaran Eylem Şahin , Kaymak Semra Ulusoy , Mihaljevic Marina M. , Andric-Petrovic Sanja , Mirjanic Tijana , Bernardo Miguel , Mezquida Gisela , Amoretti Silvia , Bobes Julio , Saiz Pilar A. , García-Portilla Maria Paz , Sanjuan Julio , Aguilar Eduardo J. , Santos Jose Luis , Jiménez-López Estela , Arrojo Manuel , Carracedo Angel , López Gonzalo , González-Peñas Javier , Parellada Mara , Maric Nadja P. , Atbaşoğlu Cem , Ucok Alp , Alptekin Köksal , Saka Meram Can ,   Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) investigators, Arango Celso , O’Donovan Micheal C. , Rutten Bart P. F. , Guloksuz Sinan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
A cumulative environmental exposure score for schizophrenia (exposome score for schizophrenia [ES-SCZ]) may provide potential utility for risk stratification and outcome prediction. Here, we investigated whether ES-SCZ was associated with functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls.

Methods
This cross-sectional sample consisted of 1,261 patients, 1,282 unaffected siblings, and 1,525 healthy controls. The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale was used to assess functioning. ES-SCZ was calculated based on our previously validated method. The association between ES-SCZ and the GAF dimensions (symptom and disability) was analyzed by applying regression models in each group (patients, siblings, and controls). Additional models included polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (PRS-SCZ) as a covariate.

Results
ES-SCZ was associated with the GAF dimensions in patients (symptom: B = −1.53, p-value = 0.001; disability: B = −1.44, p-value = 0.001), siblings (symptom: B = −3.07, p-value < 0.001; disability: B = −2.52, p-value < 0.001), and healthy controls (symptom: B = −1.50, p-value < 0.001; disability: B = −1.31, p-value < 0.001). The results remained the same after adjusting for PRS-SCZ. The degree of associations of ES-SCZ with both symptom and disability dimensions were higher in unaffected siblings than in patients and controls. By analyzing an independent dataset (the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis study), we replicated the results observed in the patient group.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that ES-SCZ shows promise for enhancing risk prediction and stratification in research practice. From a clinical perspective, ES-SCZ may aid in efforts of clinical characterization, operationalizing transdiagnostic clinical staging models, and personalizing clinical management.
Favorable Trisomies and ETV6-RUNX1 Predict Cure in Low-Risk B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results From Children's Oncology Group Trial AALL0331
Authors: Mattano Leonard A. , Devidas Meenakshi , Maloney Kelly W. , Wang Cindy , Friedmann Alison M. , Buckley Patrick , Borowitz Michael J. , Carroll Andrew J. , Gastier-Foster Julie M. , Heerema Nyla A. , Kadan-Lottick Nina S. , Matloub Yousif H. , Marshall David T. , Stork Linda C. , Loh Mignon L. , Raetz Elizabeth A. , Wood Brent L. , Hunger Stephen P. , Carroll William L. , Winick Naomi J. 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE Children's Oncology Group (COG) AALL0331 tested whether pegaspargase intensification on a low-intensity chemotherapy backbone would improve the continuous complete remission (CCR) rate in a low-risk subset of children with standard-risk B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS AALL0331 enrolled 5,377 patients with National Cancer Institute standard-risk B-ALL (age 1-9 years, WBC < 50,000/μL) between 2005 and 2010. Following a common three-drug induction, a cohort of 1,857 eligible patients participated in the low-risk ALL random assignment. Low-risk criteria included no extramedullary disease, < 5% marrow blasts by day 15, end-induction marrow minimal residual disease < 0.1%, and favorable cytogenetics ( ETV6-RUNX1 fusion or simultaneous trisomies of chromosomes 4, 10, and 17). Random assignment was to standard COG low-intensity therapy (including two pegaspargase doses, one each during induction and delayed intensification) with or without four additional pegaspargase doses at 3-week intervals during consolidation and interim maintenance. The study was powered to detect a 4% improvement in 6-year CCR rate from 92% to 96%. RESULTS The 6-year CCR and overall survival (OS) rates for the entire low-risk cohort were 94.7% ± 0.6% and 98.7% ± 0.3%, respectively. The CCR rates were similar between arms (intensified pegaspargase 95.3% ± 0.8% v standard 94.0% ± 0.8%; P = .13) with no difference in OS (98.1% ± 0.5% v 99.2% ± 0.3%; P = .99). Compared to a subset of standard-risk study patients given identical therapy who had the same early response characteristics but did not have favorable or unfavorable cytogenetics, outcomes were significantly superior for low-risk patients (CCR hazard ratio 1.95; P = .0004; OS hazard ratio 5.42; P < .0001). CONCLUSION Standard COG therapy without intensified pegaspargase, which can easily be given as an outpatient with limited toxicity, cures nearly all children with B-ALL identified as low-risk by clinical, early response, and favorable cytogenetic criteria.
Comparison of Radiation With or Without Concurrent Trastuzumab for HER2-Positive Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Resected by Lumpectomy: A Phase III Clinical Trial
Authors: Cobleigh Melody A. , Anderson Stewart J. , Siziopikou Kalliopi P. , Arthur Douglas W. , Rabinovitch Rachel , Julian Thomas B. , Parda David S. , Seaward Samantha A. , Carter Dennis L. , Lyons Janice A. , Dillmon Melissa S. , Magrinat Gustav C. , Kavadi Vivek S. , Zibelli Allison M. , Tiriveedhi Lavanya , Hill Matthew L. , Melnik Marianne K. , Beriwal Sushil , Mamounas Eleftherios P. , Wolmark Norman 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE Preclinical studies report that trastuzumab (T) can boost radiotherapy (RT) effectiveness. The primary aim of the B-43 trial was to assess the efficacy of RT alone vs concurrent RT plus T in preventing recurrence of ipsilateral breast cancer (IBTR) in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1, DCIS resected by lumpectomy, known estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status by centralized testing. Whole-breast RT was given concurrently with T. Stratification was by menopausal status, adjuvant endocrine therapy plan, and nuclear grade. Definitive intent-to-treat primary analysis was to be conducted when either 163 IBTR events occurred or all accrued patients were on study ≥ 5 years. RESULTS There were 2,014 participants who were randomly assigned. Median follow-up time as of December 31, 2019, was 79.2 months. At primary definitive analysis, 114 IBTR events occurred: RT arm, 63 and RT plus T arm, 51 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.81; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.17; P value = .26). There were 34 who were invasive: RT arm, 18 and RT plus T arm, 20 (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.59 to 2.10; P value = .71). Seventy-six were DCIS: RT arm, 45 and RT plus T arm, 31 (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.43 to 1.08; P value = .11). Annual IBTR event rates were: RT arm, 0.99%/y and RT plus T arm, 0.79%/y. The study did not reach the 163 protocol-specified events, so the definitive analysis was triggered by all patients having been on study for ≥ 5 years. CONCLUSION Addition of T to RT did not achieve the objective of 36% reduction in IBTR rate but did achieve a modest but statistically nonsignificant reduction of 19%. Nonetheless, this trial had negative results. Further exploration of RT plus T is needed in HER2-positive DCIS before its routine delivery in patients with DCIS resected by lumpectomy.
Glofitamab, a Novel, Bivalent CD20-Targeting T-Cell–Engaging Bispecific Antibody, Induces Durable Complete Remissions in Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Lymphoma: A Phase I Trial
Authors: Hutchings Martin , Morschhauser Franck , Iacoboni Gloria , Carlo-Stella Carmelo , Offner Fritz C. , Sureda Anna , Salles Gilles , Martínez-Lopez Joaquín , Crump Michael , Thomas Denise N. , Morcos Peter N. , Ferlini Cristiano , Bröske Ann-Marie E. , Belousov Anton , Bacac Marina , Dimier Natalie , Carlile David J. , Lundberg Linda , Perez-Callejo David , Umaña Pablo , Moore Tom , Weisser Martin , Dickinson Michael J. 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE Glofitamab is a T-cell–engaging bispecific antibody possessing a novel 2:1 structure with bivalency for CD20 on B cells and monovalency for CD3 on T cells. This phase I study evaluated glofitamab in relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Data for single-agent glofitamab, with obinutuzumab pretreatment ( Gpt) to reduce toxicity, are presented. METHODS Seven days before the first dose of glofitamab (0.005-30 mg), all patients received 1,000 mg Gpt. Dose-escalation steps were determined using a Bayesian continuous reassessment method with overdose control. Primary end points were safety, pharmacokinetics, and the maximum tolerated dose of glofitamab. RESULTS Following initial single-patient cohorts, 171 patients were treated within conventional multipatient cohorts and received at least one dose of glofitamab. This trial included heavily pretreated patients with R/R B-NHL; most were refractory to prior therapy (155; 90.6%) and had received a median of three prior therapies. One hundred and twenty-seven patients (74.3%) had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, transformed follicular lymphoma, or other aggressive histology, and the remainder had indolent lymphoma subtypes. Five (2.9%) patients withdrew from treatment because of adverse events. Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 86 of 171 (50.3%) patients (grade 3 or 4: 3.5%); two (1.2%) patients experienced grade 3, transient immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome-like symptoms. The overall response rate was 53.8% (complete response [CR], 36.8%) among all doses and 65.7% (CR, 57.1%) in those dosed at the recommended phase II dose. Of 63 patients with CR, 53 (84.1%) have ongoing CR with a maximum of 27.4 months observation. CONCLUSION In patients with predominantly refractory, aggressive B-NHL, glofitamab showed favorable activity with frequent and durable CRs and a predictable and manageable safety profile.
Study of Abelian dominance in Sp(N) QCD in the de Sitter background
Authors: Raval Haresh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose the effective theory based on the compact symplectic group Sp(N) in the new quadratic gauge on the 4-dimensional de Sitter spacetime (dS
4) with a view to investigate the infrared regime in it. Abelian dominance is characterized by off-diagonal gluons acquiring dynamical masses and it hints at existence of confinement. We do observe Abelian dominance in the ghost condensed vacuum of this theory in the de Sitter background. Along with this observation, we find an unusual result that the mass of an off-diagonal gluon on dS
4 is position dependent as a consequence of the curved geometry. In our previous papers, we have shown that Abelian dominance is strongly indicated in the Minkowski spacetime too. Therefore, the present observation suggests that the curvature of the dS
4 does not change the infrared behaviour of the present theory on dS
4 from that of the quadratic gauge fixed theory in Minkowski spacetime, but it causes the mass of an off-diagonal gluon on the dS
4 to be position dependent.
Revisiting the Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Measurement After Surgical Treatment of Acromegaly
Authors: Jung In-Ho , Choi Seonah , Ku Cheol Ryong , Lee Sang-Guk , Lee Eun Jig , Kim Sun Ho , Kim Eui Hyun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
In the management of growth hormone (GH)–secreting pituitary adenomas, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been the gold standard not only for diagnoses but also for the determination of biochemical remission. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an essential biomarker, although it should be adjusted for both age and sex.

Objective
We evaluated whether IGF-1 levels could serve as a reliable alternative to an OGTT for disease monitoring after the surgical treatment of acromegaly. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 320 patients who underwent surgical resection of their GH-secreting pituitary tumors at the Severance hospital. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to validate the accuracy of IGF-1 levels for the assessment of remission. In addition, regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with discrepancy between OGTT and IGF-1 levels.

Results
Except for 1 week after surgery, ROC analyses showed an area under the curve of greater than 0.8 for IGF-1 at all time points. Of 320 patients, 270 achieved endocrine remission after surgery alone. Among these patients, IGF-1 levels were normalized in 250 patients. The mean duration from surgery to IGF-1 normalization was 4.7 months. Regression analyses demonstrated that risk of failed IGF-1 normalization was increased by 3.1-fold when the tumor invaded the cavernous sinus and increased by 9.0-fold in patients with incomplete tumor removal.

Conclusion
IGF-1 level is a reliable alternative to OGTT and plays a valuable role in monitoring acromegaly status.
Diabetes Knowledge and Metabolic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Starting With Continuous Glucose Monitoring: FUTURE-PEAK
Authors: Broos Ben , Charleer Sara , Bolsens Nancy , Moyson Carolien , Mathieu Chantal , Gillard Pieter , De Block Christophe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate whether diabetes knowledge and health literacy impact glycemic control after 1 year of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in people with type 1 diabetes  ≥ 16 years.

Methods
In this prospective real-world cohort study, we assessed diabetes knowledge using a new 10-item questionnaire [Patient Education and Knowledge (PEAK)] and health literacy using the validated 6-item Newest-Vital Sign-D (NVS-D) questionnaire. Primary endpoint was association between PEAK score and change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Secondary endpoints were link between NVS-D score and change in HbA1c and that between time spent in/above/below range and PEAK/NVS-D scores.

Results
851 subjects were consecutively recruited between July 2016 and July 2018. Median PEAK score was 8 (range: 0-10), and median NVS-D score was 6 (range 0-6). HbA1c evolved from 7.9% (7.8%-8.0%), 63 (62-64) mmol/mol, at start to 7.7% (7.6%-7.7%), 61 (60-61) mmol/mol (P &lt; 0.001), at 6 months and to 7.8% (7.7%-7.9%), 62 (61-63) mmol/mol, at 12 months (P &lt; 0.001). HbA1c only improved in subgroups with higher scores [PEAK subgroups with score 7-8 (P = 0.005) and 9-10 (P &lt; 0.001) and NVS-D score 4-6 (P &lt; 0.001)]. At 12 months, time spent below 70 mg/dL was reduced by 15% (P &lt; 0.001), and time spent below 54 mg/dL was reduced by 14% (P &lt; 0.001), irrespective of PEAK/NVS-D score. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated an association of PEAK score, scan frequency, and baseline HbA1c with evolutions in time in range and time in hyperglycemia.

Conclusions
isCGM reduced time in hypoglycemia, and HbA1c evolved favorably. Our findings suggest that diabetes and health literacy affect glucometrics, emphasizing the importance of education.
Introduction
Authors: Hirschkind Charles 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the lead essay to this special section, Talal Asad explores some of the avenues opened up by Wittgenstein's work for students of religion. Highlighting some of the philosopher's key insights on the life of language, Asad argues that, instead of taking the opposition between belief and practice as a starting point, scholars should attend to the variety of ways language comes to be used in contexts of embodied learning, contexts wherein the abilities and aptitudes germane to religious life are developed and honed. Turning his focus to what Wittgenstein called the “grammar” of such key concepts as conviction, persuasion, and critique, Asad points to some of the ways that our secular understandings of these notions are inadequate for grasping their place within religious lives. In the latter part of the essay, Asad brings a Wittgensteinian perspective to bear on a key debate within the Islamic tradition concerning the “rationality” of divine speech. The article is followed by five commentaries that take up and expand on different themes found in Asad's essay and developed elsewhere in his work.
Palestinians inside Israel
Authors: Kayyal Majd , Safi Lubna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Palestinian student movement inside the Israeli academy was established within hostile universities. Palestinian students were not engaged in any institutional production of knowledge and therefore could not develop an alternative, anti-colonial framework within the Israeli academy. These conditions made the national student movement into a mirror of the traditional political parties in Israel, marked by the uncritical adoption of the traditional parties' positions. The student movement was administered by party power at all levels and was denied any organizational or intellectual autonomy. The parties remained dominant over student politics, and we have not seen any radical breaks with them. This strong tie has weakened the potential for a revolutionary, anti-Zionist approach within the Palestinian student movement and has resulted in its gradual collapse.
Not Paradise but Prison
Authors: Tod Pinjra 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the fall of 2019, Pinjra Tod (Break the Cage), an autonomous collective of women students working to ensure secure, affordable, and non-discriminatory accommodation for women students throughout Delhi, joined forces with other student organizations to coordinate a joint protest and public meeting against the continuing siege of Kashmir. The action took place at the Arts Faculty of Delhi University. In this pamphlet, Pinjra Tod interrogates Narendra Modi's corporate plans for a “paradise” in Kashmir under the capitalist guise of “freedom,” and its intersection with far-right racialized nationalism. Further, they report on the horrific stories emerging from Kashmir: stories of the detention and torture of minors and young men, arbitrary midnight raids, and constant threats and danger of sexual violence against women by the armed forces. They articulate the present state of emergency as an intensification of the long and brutal history of oppression by the Indian state impacting the lives and democratic aspirations of the people of Kashmir. Raising their voices against the continuing lockdown and in support of and solidarity with the people of Kashmir, Pinjra Tod presents a set of demands which include that Articles 370 and 35A of India's constitution be reinstated; that the popular participation of Kashmiri people in any further policy decision be ensured; that all political leaders, social activists, youth, and children be released; and that special provisions be made for all Kashmiri students across all universities whose studies were disrupted.
Excerpt from The Official Anti-Milo Toolkit
Authors: Hofmann-Kuroda Lisa , De Martelly Beezer , Havard Julia , Armstrong-Price Amanda , Kunkel Juliet , Cowan Sarah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The organizers of the Anti-Milo Toolkit aimed to contribute to a broader counter-movement that would make it easier for university campuses to challenge and de-platform white supremacist and fascist speakers sheltered under the auspices of “free speech.” This toolkit gathers info-tracts, syllabi, flyer templates, and other activist materials collected and widely distributed across campuses in preparation to protest Breitbart journalist Milo Yiannopoulos's 2016 “Dangerous Faggot Tour.” Yiannopoulos was slated to speak at thirteen college campuses in support of an alt-right platform founded upon the weaponization of “free speech,” xenophobia, and transphobia. In addition to providing materials for protest, the authors of the “Anti-Milo Toolkit” take critical aim at appropriation of liberal-academic vocabularies by right-wing groups and Yiannopoulos's history of outing trans and undocumented students at his events, and call for widespread action against the spread of violent rhetoric targeting marginalized communities in order to maintain the university as a space of sanctuary. Because of its accessibility via digital channels and its wide range of short and readable pieces written in a variety of styles, and because of the collective's wide network of organizing connections, the kit circulated very broadly.
The alx3 gene shapes the zebrafish neurocranium by regulating frontonasal neural crest cell differentiation timing
Authors: Mitchell Jennyfer M. , Sucharov Juliana , Pulvino Anthony T. , Brooks Elliott P. , Gillen Austin E. , Nichols James T. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
During craniofacial development, different populations of cartilage- and bone-forming cells develop in precise locations in the head. Most of these cells are derived from pluripotent cranial neural crest cells and differentiate with distinct developmental timing and cellular morphologies. The mechanisms that divide neural crest cells into discrete populations are not fully understood. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to transcriptomically define different populations of cranial neural crest cells. We discovered that the gene family encoding the Alx transcription factors is enriched in the frontonasal population of neural crest cells. Genetic mutant analyses indicate that alx3 functions to regulate the distinct differentiation timing and cellular morphologies among frontonasal neural crest cell subpopulations. This study furthers our understanding of how genes controlling developmental timing shape craniofacial skeletal elements.
Polish adaptation of emotional Stroop test in assessment of pedophilia – a pilot study
Authors: Oronowicz-Jaśkowiak Wojciech , Lew-Starowicz Michał 
Published: March 2021

Cel pracyPrzeprowadzono badanie pilotażowe celem stworzenia polskiej adaptacji zadania Stroopa do oceny preferencji pedofilnych.MetodaBadanie składało się z dwóch etapów obejmujących stworzenie materiału testowego poprzez uszeregowanie odpowiednich list słów przez sędziów kompetentnych. Drugi etap badania polegał na weryfikacji empirycznej założeń zadania Stroopa w warunku emocjonalnym wśród populacji nieklinicznej.WynikiNa podstawie oceny pięciu sędziów kompetentnych dokonano uszeregowania słów od najbardziej do najmniej pobudzających seksualnie (W Kendalla od 0.368 do 0.693). Otrzymano sześć uszeregowanych list, poproszono ponownie sędziów kompetentnych o ocenę czy stworzone listy słów będą właściwe dla badania (współczynnik trafności Lawshe'a CVR od 0.6 do 1.0). Połączono dwie kategorie słów. Otrzymano pięć uszeregowanych list, poproszono ponownie sędziów kompetentnych o ocenę czy stworzone listy słów będą właściwe dla badania (współczynnik trafności Lawshe'a CVR 1.0). Stworzona lista słów uzyskała ostatecznie akceptację wszystkich sędziów kompetentnych.
Na podstawie badań eksperymentalnych przeprowadzonych na osobach z populacji nieklinicznej, wykazano, zgodnie z założeniami konstrukcyjnymi narzędzia, że średni czas reakcji na słowa o charakterze seksualnym jest dłuższy w porównaniu do słów neutralnych. Średni czas reakcji na słowa dziecięce nie różnił się istotnie od słów neutralnych.WnioskiNa podstawie badań z udziałem sędziów kompetentnych oraz przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych, stworzono wstępną polską adaptację zadania Stroopa w warunku emocjonalnym do diagnozy preferencji pedofilnych. W celu wykorzystania zadania w praktyce klinicznej, konieczne są dalsze badania z udziałem osób z preferencjami pedofilnymi.