bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes toward a mindfulness-based intervention from African American women living with HIV: A qualitative study
Authors: Taylor Slone , Qiao Shan , Weissman Sharon , Li Xiaoming 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Mindfulness-based interventions train participants to pay attention to their own emotions in the current moment without judging themselves. This study aims to assess the attitudes toward a mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention among African American women living with HIV. Methods: We collected qualitative data from three focus group discussions with 18 African American women living with HIV who were purposely recruited from the Palmetto Health-USC Immunology Center in South Carolina, United States. The participants discussed how they coped with stress, and then were given a presentation on mindfulness-based stress reduction and a sample mindfulness-based stress reduction mini workshop with follow-up discussion about their thoughts and opinions on the information presented to them. Results: Participants said that mindfulness could be a useful technique and they were interested in participating in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Their main concerns included physical ability to perform some of the mindfulness techniques (e.g. yoga) and logistic barriers, such as schedule constraints. They also provided some suggestions to further tailor the mindfulness-based stress reduction, such as modifying yoga, using familiar terms, and combining both in-person and online components. These results suggest that African American women living with HIV showed strong interest in mindfulness-based stress reduction and a high level of willingness to participate in mindfulness-based stress reduction, but the existing mindfulness-based stress reduction program needs to be tailored to address challenges and barriers these women may face for attendance and completion. Conclusion: The next step is to further test the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy through a pilot study for African American women living with HIV to practice a tailored mindfulness-based stress reduction for this group.
Interest in Clinic-Based Financial Services among Low-Income Prenatal Patients and its Association with Health-Related Social Risk Factors
Authors: Liu Patrick Y. , Bell Orly , Wu Olivia , Holguin Monique , Lozano Christina , Jasper Erika , Saleeby Erin , Smith Lynne , Szilagyi Peter , Schickedanz Adam 
Published: June 2021

Background Poverty and financial stress affect prenatal health and well-being as well as early childhood development. This study sought to examine interest in clinic-based financial services to address financial stress in low-income, Medicaid-enrolled prenatal patients and its relationship with self-reported social risks. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients at a large safety-net prenatal clinic. Participants completed a written survey on interest in linkage to financial services, poverty-related financial stress, difficulty affording social needs, and interest in services to address material hardships. We compared interest in financial and social needs services by level of financial stress using multivariate regression. Results Respondents (N = 108) were entirely Medicaid-enrolled, with a majority identifying as Hispanic/Latinx (57%) or Black/African American (20%). Sixty-four percent indicated interest in connection to any of the financial services surveyed. Interest was highest in employment (52%), savings and budgeting (49%), job training/adult education (49%), and financial counseling (48%) services. Individuals with high financial stress, compared to those with low financial stress, expressed a higher level of interest in financial services (aRR = 1.61 [95% CI 1.12-2.39]). Interest in financial services was associated with difficulty affording social needs (aRR = 2.24 [95% CI 1.33-4.43]) and interest in services addressing social needs (aRR = 1.45 [95% CI 1.13-1.92]). Conclusion In this study of low-income, Medicaid-insured prenatal patients, there was a high degree of interest in clinic-based financial services. Integrating financial services into prenatal health care appears to be an approach that low-income patients would be interested in to directly address poverty and financial stress.
Characterizing the impact of menstrual and pelvic health disorders in a convenience sample of women in Barbados
Authors: Mandeville Julia S , Best Damian AJ , Waterman Fanta 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To describe the impact of menstrual and pelvic health disorders on a sample of Barbadian women living with one or more disorders. Design and methods: Responses from a survey taken online by a sample of women living in Barbados (⩾18 years) were assessed. Variables collected included, age, disorder(s) diagnosed, and symptoms. The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire: Specific Health Problem, was administered to measure impact on work and other activities. T-tests, chi- square tests, odds ratios, ANOVA, and multivariate analysis were conducted to estimate the associations between patient characterization, disorder characteristics and outcomes. Results: A total of 247 unique responses were received and after data were reviewed 192 responses (77.7%) from this convenience sample were analyzed. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome was the most frequently reported diagnosis (34.7%). The most frequently reported symptom was fatigue (53%). There was an OR of 2.17 (95% CI 0.54–8.74) of missing work due to menorrhagia and 2.60 (95% CI: 1.31–5.17) of missing work if diagnosed with endometriosis. The WPAI revealed endometriosis to be the condition with the most substantial impact on work in the subgroup of persons with one diagnosis, with presenteeism of 49.2%, absenteeism of 13.3% and an impact on other activities of 56.4%. Conclusion: Pelvic and menstrual disorders have a significant impact on productivity and other activities of Barbadian women. More research is necessary to elucidate the impacts of menstrual and pelvic disorders and treatments on patient outcomes.
The quest for a headache pattern in giant cell arteritis: A cohort study
Authors: Vincenten Sanne CC , Mulleners Wim M 
Published: June 2021

Aim: To help clinicians in the diagnostic approach of giant cell arteritis (GCA) by providing a better knowledge on headache patterns in GCA. Methods: Cross-sectional data of a cohort of 30 known GCA patients regarding symptoms, clinical signs, laboratory and pathology data were collected retrospectively. Results: Headache was experienced by the majority of our cohort (26/30; 87%) and the most common pattern reported was a continuous, unilateral pain centered in or around the temporal area (13/26; 50% of all headaches). Pain confined to the occiput or frontal areas of the head was rarely reported as well as migrainous or cluster-like headaches. Conclusion: This data suggests that the headache pattern in GCA is heterogeneous, but that the most common pattern is a continuous, unilateral, temporal headache. Several other patterns were infrequently reported and these should question the clinical diagnosis of GCA. A large prospective study will be necessary to further elaborate these findings.
The HCK/BTK inhibitor KIN-8194 is active in MYD88-driven lymphomas and overcomes mutated BTKCys481 ibrutinib resistance
Authors: Yang Guang , Wang Jinhua , Tan Li , Munshi Manit , Liu Xia , Kofides Amanda , Chen Jiaji G. , Tsakmaklis Nicholas , Demos Maria G. , Guerrera Maria Luisa , Xu Lian , Hunter Zachary R. , Che Jinwei , Patterson Christopher J. , Meid Kirsten , Castillo Jorge J. , Munshi Nikhil C. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Cameron Michael , Buhrlage Sara J. , Gray Nathanael S. , Treon Steven P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Activating mutations in MYD88 promote malignant cell growth and survival through hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK)–mediated activation of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). Ibrutinib binds to BTKCys481 and is active in B-cell malignancies driven by mutated MYD88. Mutations in BTKCys481, particularly BTKCys481Ser, are common in patients with acquired ibrutinib resistance. We therefore performed an extensive medicinal chemistry campaign and identified KIN-8194 as a novel dual inhibitor of HCK and BTK. KIN-8194 showed potent and selective in vitro killing of MYD88-mutated lymphoma cells, including ibrutinib-resistant BTKCys481Ser-expressing cells. KIN-8194 demonstrated excellent bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters, with good tolerance in rodent models at pharmacologically achievable and active doses. Pharmacodynamic studies showed sustained inhibition of HCK and BTK for 24 hours after single oral administration of KIN-8194 in an MYD88-mutated TMD-8 activated B-cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC DLBCL) and BCWM.1 Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) xenografted mice with wild-type BTK (BTKWT)– or BTKCys481Ser-expressing tumors. KIN-8194 showed superior survival benefit over ibrutinib in both BTKWT- and BTKCys481Ser-expressing TMD-8 DLBCL xenografted mice, including sustained complete responses of &gt;12 weeks off treatment in mice with BTKWT-expressing TMD-8 tumors. The BCL_2 inhibitor venetoclax enhanced the antitumor activity of KIN-8194 in BTKWT- and BTKCys481Ser-expressing MYD88-mutated lymphoma cells and markedly reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice with BTKCys481Ser-expressing TMD-8 tumors treated with both drugs. The findings highlight the feasibility of targeting HCK, a key driver of mutated MYD88 pro-survival signaling, and provide a framework for the advancement of KIN-8194 for human studies in B-cell malignancies driven by HCK and BTK.
A Journey in Science: Immersion in the search for effective cancer immunotherapies
Authors: Rosenberg Steven A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractReal innovations in medicine and science are historic and singular; the stories behind each occurrence are precious. At Molecular Medicine we have established the Anthony Cerami Award in Translational Medicine to document and preserve these histories. The monographs recount the seminal events as told in the voice of the original investigators who provided the crucial early insight. These essays capture the essence of discovery, chronicling the birth of ideas that created new fields of research and launched trajectories that persisted and ultimately influenced how disease is prevented, diagnosed, and treated. In this volume, the Cerami Award Monograph is by Steven A. Rosenberg, Chief of Surgery at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, USA. A pioneer in the development of immunotherapies and gene therapies for advanced cancers, this is the story of Dr. Rosenberg’s scientific journey.
Effects of Active Gases on Droplet Transfer and Weld Morphology in Pulsed-Current NG-GMAW of Mild Steel
Authors: Liu Guoqiang , Tang Xinhua , Xu Qi , Lu Fenggui , Cui Haichao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current research of narrow-gap gas metal arc welding (NG-GMAW) primarily focuses on improving the sidewall fusion and avoiding the lack-of-fusion defect. However, the high cost and operation difficulty of the methods limit the industrial application. In this study, small amount of active gases CO2 and O2 were added into pure argon inert shielding gas to improve the weld formation of pulsed-current narrow-gap gas metal arc welding (NG-GMAW) of mild steel. Their effects on droplet transfer and arc behavior were investigated. A high-speed visual sensing system was utilized to observe the metal transfer process and arc morphology. When the proportion of CO2, being added into the pure argon shielding gas, changes from 5% to 25%, the metal transfer mode changes from pulsed spray streaming transfer to pulsed projected spray transfer, while it remains the pulsed spray streaming transfer when 2% to 10% O2 is added. Both CO2 and O2 are favorable to stabilizing arc and welding process. O2 is even more effective than CO2. However, O2 is more likely to cause slags on the weld surface, while CO2 can improve the weld appearance in some sense. The weld surface concavity in NG-GMAW is greatly influenced by the addition of active gas, but the weld width and weld penetration almost keep constant. This study proposes a new method which is beneficial to improving the weld bead formation and welding process stability.
Identification, pyramid and candidate genes of QTLs for associated traits based on a dense erect panicle rice CSSL-Z749 and five SSSLs, three DSSLs and one TSSL
Authors: Wang Dachuan , Zhou Kai , Xiang Siqian , Zhang Qiuli , Li Ruxiang , Li Miaomiao , Liang Peixuan , Farkhanda Naz , He Guanghua , Ling Yinghua , Zhao Fangming 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Seed-set density is an important agronomic trait in rice. However, its genetic mechanism is complex. Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) are ideal materials for studying complex traits.

Results
A rice CSSL, Z749, with a dense and erect panicle phenotype, was identified among progeny of the recipient parent Nipponbare and the donor parent Xihui 18. Z749 carried seven substitution segments (average length 2.12 Mb). Compared with Nipponbare, Z749 showed significant increases in the numbers of primary (NPB) and secondary branches (NSB), number of spikelets (SPP) and grains per panicle (GPP), seed-set density (SSD), and decrease in panicle length (PL). A secondary F2 population derived from a cross between Nipponbare and Z749 was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for associated traits. Fifteen QTLs distributed on chromosomes 5, 7, 8, and 10 were detected. The QTL qPL7 might be an allele of OsFAD8 and the remaining 14 QTLs (e.g., qSSD5 and qSSD10 etc.) might be novel. Fourteen QTLs were verified using five single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs). The seed-set density of Z749 was controlled predominantly by one major QTL (qSSD10) and two minor QTLs (qSSD5 and qSSD8). The QTLs qSSD10, qSSD5, and qSSD8 were fine-mapped to intervals of 1.05, 1.46, and 1.53 Mb on chromosomes 10, 5, and 8, respectively. Analysis of QTL additive effects indicated that qSSD5, qSSD8, and qSSD10 from Xihui18 increased seed-set density of Z749 by 14.10, 11.38, and 5.11 spikelets per 10 cm panicle, respectively. Analysis of QTL epistatic effects revealed that pyramiding of qSSD5 and qSSD8, qSSD5 and qSSD10, qSSD8 and qSSD10, and qSSD5, qSSD8 and qSSD10 produced novel genotypes with increased seed-set density.

Conclusions
Inheritance of seed-set density in Z749 was controlled predominantly by one major QTL (qSSD10) and two minor QTLs (qSSD5 and qSSD8). Then, they were fine-mapped to intervals of 1.05, 1.46, and 1.53 Mb on chromosomes 10, 5, 8, respectively. Two MAPK genes (OsMPK9 and OsMPK17) and one gene (candidate gene 6) involved in auxin metabolism might be candidate genes for qSSD5, and OsSAUR32 might be the candidate gene for qSSD8. Pyramiding of qSSD5, qSSD8, and qSSD10 enhanced seed-set density.
Transcriptomic coordination at hepatic steatosis indicates robust immune cell engagement prior to inflammation
Authors: Zhang Youwen , Chatzistamou Ioulia , Kiaris Hippokratis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Deregulation in lipid metabolism leads to the onset of hepatic steatosis while at subsequent stages of disease development, the induction of inflammation, marks the transition of steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. While differential gene expression unveils individual genes that are deregulated at different stages of disease development, how the whole transcriptome is deregulated in steatosis remains unclear.

Methods
Using outbred deer mice fed with high fat as a model, we assessed the correlation of each transcript with every other transcript in the transcriptome. The onset of steatosis in the liver was also evaluated histologically.

Results
Our results indicate that transcriptional reprogramming directing immune cell engagement proceeds robustly, even in the absence of histologically detectable steatosis, following administration of high fat diet. In the liver transcriptomes of animals with steatosis, a preference for the engagement of regulators of T cell activation and myeloid leukocyte differentiation was also recorded as opposed to the steatosis-free livers at which non-specific lymphocytic activation was seen. As compared to controls, in the animals with steatosis, transcriptome was subjected to more widespread reorganization while in the animals without steatosis, reorganization was less extensive. Comparison of the steatosis and non-steatosis livers showed high retention of coordination suggesting that diet supersedes pathology in shaping the transcriptome’s profile.

Conclusions
This highly versatile strategy suggests that the molecular changes inducing inflammation proceed robustly even before any evidence of steatohepatitis is recorded, either histologically or by differential expression analysis.
Comparison of periodontal parameters between patients with ischemic and dilative cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ziebolz Dirk , Binner Christian , Reuschel Florentine , Eisner Mirjam , Wagner Justus , Kottmann Tanja , Etz Christian D. , Lehmann Sven , Garbade Jens , Schmalz Gerhard 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
This cross-sectional study aimed in the comparison of periodontal parameters, number of remaining teeth and oral behaviour between patients with ischemic- (ICM) and non-ischemic dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Methods
Patients with HF from the Department for Cardiac Surgery at the Heart Center Leipzig were included. The two groups (ICM and DCM) were composed by matching according to age, gender and smoking habits. All participants received a comprehensive periodontal examination, including a periodontal probing on six measurement points of each tooth.

Results
A total of 226 patients (n = 113 each group) was included. Patients in DCM group used interdental cleaning significantly more often than ICM (23.9% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.04). The majority of patients in both groups (ICM: 83.6%, DCM: 84.6%, p = 0.23) were diagnosed with stage III–IV periodontitis. Periodontal parameters were comparable between groups (p > 0.05). Variance analysis revealed no influence of the group (ICM vs. DCM) on the number of remaining teeth (p = 0.16), periodontitis stage (p = 0.27) or the periodontal inflamed surface area (p = 0.62).

Conclusions
Patients with severe HF show high periodontal burden, without any differences between ICM and DCM group. Therefore, increased attention should be payed to periodontal health of patients with severe heart disease, irrespective of their underlying disease.
Disability-adjusted life years associated with population ageing in China, 1990-2017
Authors: Li Ruotong , Cheng Xunjie , Schwebel David C. , Yang Yang , Ning Peishan , Cheng Peixia , Hu Guoqing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The Chinese population has aged significantly in the last few decades. Comprehensive health losses including both fatal and non-fatal health outcomes associated with ageing in China have not been detailed.

Methods
Based on freely accessible disability adjusted life years (DALYs) estimated by the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2017, we adopted a robust decomposition method that ascribes changes in DALYs in any given country across two time points to changes resulting from three sources: population size, age structure, and age-specific DALYs rate per 100,000 population. Using the method, we calculated DALYs associated with population ageing in China from 1990 to 2017 and examined the counteraction between the effects of DALYs rate change and population ageing. This method extends previous work through attributing the change in DALYs to the three sources.

Results
Population ageing was associated with 92.8 million DALYs between 1990 and 2017 in China, of which 65.8% (61.1 million) were years of life lost (YLLs). Males had comparatively more DALYs associated with population ageing than females in the study period. The five leading causes of DALYs associated with population ageing between 1990 and 2017 were stroke (23.6 million), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (18.3 million), ischemic heart disease (13.0 million), tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (6.1 million) and liver cancer (5.0 million). Between 1990 and 2017, changes in DALYs associated with age-specific DALY rate reductions far exceeded those related to population ageing (− 196.2 million versus 92.8 million); 57.5% (− 112.8 million) of DALYs were caused by decreases in rates attributed to 84 modifiable risk factors.

Conclusion
Population ageing was associated with growing health loss in China from 1990 to 2017. Despite the recent progress in alleviating health loss associated with population ageing, the government should encourage scientific research on effective and affordable prevention and control strategies and should consider investment in resources to implement strategies nationwide to address the future challenge of population ageing.
Evaluation of serological lateral flow assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
Authors: Trombetta Bianca A. , Kandigian Savannah E. , Kitchen Robert R. , Grauwet Korneel , Webb Pia Kivisäkk , Miller Glenn A. , Jennings Charles G. , Jain Sejal , Miller Samara , Kuo Yikai , Sweeney Thadryan , Gilboa Tal , Norman Maia , Simmons Daimon P. , Ramirez Christopher E. , Bedard Melissa , Fink Catherine , Ko Jina , De León Peralta Esmarline J. , Watts Gerald , Gomez-Rivas Emma , Davis Vannessa , Barilla Rocky M. , Wang Jianing , Cunin Pierre , Bates Samuel , Morrison-Smith Chevaun , Nicholson Benjamin , Wong Edmond , El-Mufti Leena , Kann Michael , Bolling Anna , Fortin Brooke , Ventresca Hayden , Zhou Wen , Pardo Santiago , Kwock Megan , Hazra Aditi , Cheng Leo , Ahmad Q. Rushdy , Toombs James A. , Larson Rebecca , Pleskow Haley , Luo Nell Meosky , Samaha Christina , Pandya Unnati M. , De Silva Pushpamali , Zhou Sally , Ganhadeiro Zakary , Yohannes Sara , Gay Rakiesha , Slavik Jacqueline , Mukerji Shibani S. , Jarolim Petr , Walt David R. , Carlyle Becky C. , Ritterhouse Lauren L. , Suliman Sara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Lateral flow assays can detect anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies to monitor transmission. However, standardized evaluation of their accuracy and tools to aid in interpreting results are needed.

Methods
We evaluated 20 IgG and IgM assays selected from available tests in April 2020. We evaluated the assays’ performance using 56 pre-pandemic negative and 56 SARS-CoV-2-positive plasma samples, collected 10–40 days after symptom onset, confirmed by a molecular test and analyzed by an ultra-sensitive immunoassay. Finally, we developed a user-friendly web app to extrapolate the positive predictive values based on their accuracy and local prevalence.

Results
Combined IgG + IgM sensitivities ranged from 33.9 to 94.6%, while combined specificities ranged from 92.6 to 100%. The highest sensitivities were detected in Lumiquick for IgG (98.2%), BioHit for both IgM (96.4%), and combined IgG + IgM sensitivity (94.6%). Furthermore, 11 LFAs and 8 LFAs showed perfect specificity for IgG and IgM, respectively, with 15 LFAs showing perfect combined IgG + IgM specificity. Lumiquick had the lowest estimated limit-of-detection (LOD) (0.1 μg/mL), followed by a similar LOD of 1.5 μg/mL for CareHealth, Cellex, KHB, and Vivachek.

Conclusion
We provide a public resource of the accuracy of select lateral flow assays with potential for home testing. The cost-effectiveness, scalable manufacturing process, and suitability for self-testing makes LFAs an attractive option for monitoring disease prevalence and assessing vaccine responsiveness. Our web tool provides an easy-to-use interface to demonstrate the impact of prevalence and test accuracy on the positive predictive values.