bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current and Potential Applications of IoT in Multimedia Communication System
Authors: Jain Anurag , Yadav Kusum , Alharbi Yasser , Alferaidi Ali , Alkwai Lulwah M. , Ahmed Nada Mohamed Osman Sid , Hamad Sawsan Ali Saad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Developing wireless technology and the exploitation of automated systems has demanded an innovative method of handling the objects that share multimedia information. The monitoring and automation system has progressed towards the Multimedia Internet of Things (M-IoT) whereas circumstance is entirely transformed to meet the requirements of the fast-moving world. Internet of Things (IoT) engrosses abundant objects and makes those objects think intelligently, which decides on their own by perceiving the situation of the circumstance. The incorporation of IoT into the real-time application facilitates the information exchange and utilizes the information for monitoring as well as prevention of complicated situations. The M-IoT-based conceptual framework and integration of smart objects in real-time applications have enriched the standard of living. M-IoT is widely used in health care, industry, and monitoring event. In this article, the specialized architecture of M-IoT is discussed along with diverse applications. Additionally, the metrics that assess the standard of M-IoT are summarized.
Use of Major Ions to Evaluate Groundwater Chemistry and Identify Hydrochemical Processes in a Shallow Coastal Aquifer in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Filho Carlos Alberto De Carvalho , Bomtempo Virgílio Lopardi , Cota Stela Dalva Santos , Minardi Paulo Sérgio Pelógia , Passos Ricardo Gomes 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Coastal aquifers of southeastern Brazil have a fundamental role in economic and social terms, as it is a densely populated region with intense economic activity. The present research was carried out in the coastal region of the State of Rio de Janeiro and enclosed the Brazilian Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) site. The study aimed to assess the hydrochemistry of the shallow aquifer at the NPP's site and surroundings. The hydrochemical study was carried out based on data from twelve water samples, collected in October 2018, in which the following parameters, among others, were measured: electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, temperature, and pH were measured in situ. The analytical determinations carried out were as follows: alkalinity (titration); Ca2+ and Mg2+, (atomic absorption/spectrometry); Na+ and K+ (liquid chromatography); Cl- and SO42+ (liquid chromatography), and; silicon (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). Using Piper and Chadha diagrams, the research identified four water types: Group 1 (Ca2+-Na+-HCO3-), Group 2 (Ca2+-HCO3-), Group 3 (Ca2+ (Na+ rich)-HCO3-), and Group 4 (Na+-Cl-). From the hillsides towards the beach line, the research results suggest a hydrochemical evolution of local groundwater from Group 1 (high rainwater influence), passing through Group 3 (intermediate between Group 1 and 2) and Group 2 (rock influence), to Group 4 (seawater like). The waters of groups 1 to 3 showed potential for base cation exchange (softening or freshening process), while, in Group 4, the potential is for reverse cation exchange (hardening or salinizing process). In a general hydrogeology context, the methods and applied techniques proved to be particularly efficient in identifying potential hydrochemical processes. Noteworthy is the freshening cation exchange identified in the shallow aquifer at NPP's site. Therefore, theoretically, in case of an accidental release of radionuclides from the NPP to the aqueous phase, the local clay lenses can capture the divalent cation Ra2+ in a natural contamination attenuation process.
Simultaneous Bilateral Laparoscopic Cortical-sparing Adrenalectomy for Bilateral Pheochromocytomas in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2
Authors: Qi Xiao-Ping , Qi Qin-Yao , Fang Xu-Dong , Dong Fang , Li Feng , Lian Bi-Jun , Jin Hang-Yang , Zhang Ke , Wang Kang-Er , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: laparoscopic or open cortical-sparing adrenalectomy (LCSA or OCSA; CSA) for treatment of bilateral pheochromocytomas (bPHEO) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) offers a postoperative corticosteroid independence and is balanced against the risk of local recurrence. In this study, the optimal surgical approach and the value of the simultaneous bilateral LCSA/OCSA (SB-LCSA/ SB-OCSA) were further assessed.Methods: A total of 31 patients (54.8% women) were diagnosed with bPHEO in MEN2 at a median age at initial presentation of 38 years (range, 23–78). Twenty- seven patients (87.1%) presented with synchronous. With the exception two patients respectively presenting MEN2A died of MTC metastasis or MEN2B declined surgery, each of other 29 underwent initial CSA, and in 23 (79.3%), of whom 18 had SB-LCSA and 5 had SB-OCSA duration of the same anesthesia (synchronous surgery); whereas metachronous CSA was in 6 (20.7%), including 1 had metachronous bilateral LCSA, 2 had metachronous bilateral OCSA (metachronous surgery) and 3 had LCSA/OCSA (hybrid) surgery.Results: All 31 patients associated with RET-C634 mutations, as MEN2A (90.3%) and RET-M918T, as MEN2B (9.7%), respectively. No conversion and intraoperative or postoperative severe complications were necessary. There were less bleeding volume, and shorter hospitalizations between in SB-LCSA compared with those in SB-OCSA, as well as synchronous surgery versus metachronous (hybrid) surgery (all P < 0.05). An initial bilateral postoperative corticosteroid replacement was necessary in 14 patients (45.2%). During a median follow-up period of 7 years (range, 1.8–23), 3 of these patients (10.3%) showed a persistent/recurrent disease and needed reoperation.Conclusions: CSA for bPHEO in MEN2 has a relatively low recurrence and avoids lifelong corticosteroid replacement in well over half the patients. SB-LCSA for treatment of these synchronous bPHEO is safe and feasible, should be recommended as a prioritized surgical approach of choice.
Ticagrelor-Pretreated Cardiomyocyte Derived Exosomes Provide Cardioprotection Under Hyperglycemia Through Alleviation In Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, And ER-Stress
Authors: Bitirim Ceylan Verda , Ozer Zeynep Busra , Aydos Dunya , Genc Kardelen , Demirsoy Seyma , Akcali Kamil Can , Turan Belma 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Exosomes play important roles in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) via connecting the immune cell response to tissue injury, besides stimulation to muscle insulin resistance, while DM is associated with increase risks for major cardiovascular complications. Under DM, chronic hyperglycemia and subsequent augmentation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) further lead to cardiac growth remodeling and dysfunction. Although a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, ticagrelor, is widely used in cardioprotection, its inhibitory effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy is poorly elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate the anti-oxidative and cardioprotective effect of exosomes, derived from ticagrelor pretreated-cardiomyocytes. To mimic DM in cardiomyocytes, we used high glucose incubated H9c2-cells (HG). HG cells were treated with exosomes, which were derived from either ticagrelor-pretreated or untreated H9c2-cells. Our results demonstrated that exosomes derived from ticagrelor-pretreated H9c2-cells significantly decreased the aberrant ROS production, prevented the development of apoptosis and ER stress under hyperglycemia, and alleviated oxidative stress associated with a miRNA-expression profile. Importantly, exosomes derived from ticagrelor-pretreated H9c2-cells enhanced endothelial cell migration and tube formation, suggesting a modulation of the exosome profile in cardiomyocytes. Our data, for the first time, indicate that ticagrelor can exert an important regulatory effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy through exosomal modulation behind its receptor-inhibitor related action.
Emergence of Spatially Structured Populations by Area-Concentrated Search
Authors: Chaianunporn Thotsapol , Hovestadt Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The idea that populations are spatially structured has become a very powerful concept in ecology, raising interest in many research areas. However, despite dispersal being a core component of the concept, it typically does not consider the movement behavior underlying any dispersal. Methods: Using individual-based simulations in continuous space, we investigate the emergence of a spatially structured population in landscapes with spatially heterogeneous resource distribution and with organisms following a simple area-concentrated search (ACS). Results: We found that foraging success increased with increasing resource density and decreasing number of resource clusters. In a wide parameter space, the system exhibited attributes of a spatially structured populations with individuals concentrated in areas of high resource density, searching within areas of resources, and 'dispersing' in straight line between resource patches. 'Emigration' was more likely from patches that were small or of low quality (low resource density). 'Looping' from patches was more likely if patches were large and of high quality. With the ACS implemented, individuals tended to move deeper into a resource cluster in scenarios with moderate resource density than in scenarios with high resource density because of more space between resource items. Conclusion: Our simulations demonstrate that spatial structure in populations may emerge if critical resources are heterogeneously distributed and if individuals follow simple movement rules (such as ACS). Neither the perception of habitat nor an explicit decision to emigrate on the side of acting individuals are necessary for the emergence of spatial structure. Mechanistic models like ours may help to close the gap between movement ecology and spatial ecology theory.
Synchronized Bursts of Productivity And Success In Individual Careers
Authors: Ram Sumit Kumar , Nandan Shyam , Boulebnane Sami , Sornette Didier 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Despite a significant understanding of epidemic processes in biological, social, financial, and geophysical systems, little is known about the contagion behavior in individual productivity and success. Here we uncover synchronized bursts in individual productivity and success. We introduce an epidemic model to study the contagion of scholarly productivity and YouTube success. Our analysis reveals the strong influence of network externalities in individual careers. The observed synchronization of individual productivity and success is likely mediated by sustained flows of information within the network.
Downregulated MFAP4 expression is correlated with macrophage polarization and indicates poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Zhiyan , Yu Weifeng , Yue Tiegang , Long Yinghan , Chen Yuguang , Jiang Yong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Microfiber-associated protein 4(MFAP4) plays a crucial role in several types of cancers; however, its role in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) remains elusive. Here, we investigated MFAP4 expression in LUAD tissues at the mRNA and protein levels respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic role of MFAP4 in LUAD. Cox regression analysis was performed to explore the correlation between the clinical characteristics and MFAP4 expression. Moreover, the confidence level between MFAP4 expression and immune cell infiltration in LUAD tissues was calculated using TIMER and validated using GEPIA. MFAP4 expression was downregulated in LUAD at the gene and protein levels(P < 0.001). MFAP4 expression might be an independent risk factor for overall survival (P = 0.023). Moreover, the C-index of the nomogram model was 0.664, implying a good predictive capability of this model. Additionally, low MFAP4 expression significantly correlated with immune-related gene expression; further analysis showed that downregulated MFAP4 expression was positively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration and negatively correlated with M1 macrophage infiltration. Our study indicated that MFAP4 expression could be a potential prognostic biomarker for LUAD. Low-MFAP4 expression indicates poor prognosis for LUAD patients (P = 0.011), and the underlying mechanism may be related to the polarization of the macrophages into the M2 phenotype.
Emulsion-Oriented Assembly for Janus Double-Spherical Mesoporous Nanoparticles as Biological Logic Gates
Authors: Zhao Tiancong , Chen Liang , Liu Minchao , Lin Runfeng , Cai Weiluo , Hung Chinte , Wang Shangfeng , Duan Linlin , Zhang Fan , Elzatahry Ahmed , Li Xiaomin , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mesoporous Janus nanoparticles, due to the independent mesoporous compartments, tunable spatial isolated surfaces and compositions, have great application potentials in establishing biological logic systems. However, the reported Janus nanoparticles without large pores are incompatible for the loading of large bio-molecules, limiting their usages as biological logic gates. Herein, an emulsion-oriented assembly approach is demonstrated for the fabrication of highly-uniform Janus double-spherical MSN&mPDA (MSN = mesoporous silica nanoparticle, mPDA = mesoporous polydopamine) nanoparticles with dual large and tunable mesopores. In this novel approach, oil droplets first interact with MSNs to form double-spherical structures, and then orient the selective-encapsulation of mPDA, leading to the final Janus double-spherical MSN&mPDA nanoparticles. The delicate Janus nanoparticle possesses a spherical MSN with a uniform size of ~ 150 nm in diameter, and a mPDA hemisphere with a diameter of ~ 120 nm. The dual-mesoporous nanoparticles possess surface area of ~ 250 m2 g−1 and also a high pore volume of ~ 0.56 cm3 g−1. In addition, the mesopore size in MSN compartment is tunable from ~ 3 to ~ 25 nm, while the mPDA compartments possess mesopores with the diameter ranging from ~ 5 to ~ 50 nm. Due to varied chemical properties and mesopore sizes in the two compartments, selective loading of guests in different compartments of the Janus mesoporous nanoparticles can be achieved. Based on such selective loading, single-particle-level biological logic gates with YES, OR and AND logics have been successfully established for the first time. We believe such work paves the way for constructing advanced asymmetric nanomaterials and realizing complex stimuli-responsive systems.
Layer-dependent magnetic phase diagram in FenGeTe2 (3≤n≤7) ultrathin films: coexistence of localized and itinerant electronic states of Fe with variable valence
Authors: Liu Qinxi , Xing Jianpei , Jiang Zhou , Guo Yu , Jiang Xue , Qi Yan , Zhao Jijun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnets with high Curie temperature (TC) are highly desirable due to their potential applications in spintronic devices. However, they are rarely obtained in experiments mainly due to the challenge of synthesizing high-quality 2D crystals, and their TC values are below the room temperature. By first-principles calculations, herein we design a family of stable 2D FenGeTe2 (4≤n≤7) ultrathin films that are similar to the reported Fe3GeTe2, which exhibit coexistence of itinerant and localized magnetism. Among them, 2D Fe3GeTe2 and Fe4GeTe2 are ferromagnetic metals with TC of 138 K and 68 K, respectively; 2D Fe5GeTe2, Fe6GeTe2 and Fe7GeTe2 ultrathin films are Néel’s P-types, R-type, R-type ferrimagnetic metals with TC of 320 K, 450 K and 570 K, respectively. The thickness induced magnetic phase transition is mainly originated from the competition between itinerant and localized states, which is also correlate well with the content of Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions. A valence/orbital dependent magnetic exchange model is proposed to clarify such interesting thickness and composition effect. Our results not only endow 2D Fe-Ge-Te ultrathin films as promising candidates for spintronics at room temperature, but also propose a universal mechanism to understand the magnetic coupling in complex magnetic systems.
Does PM2.5 Lead To A Decline In The Cognitive Capacity of Middle-Aged And Elderly People In China?
Authors: Yuan Miaoyu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and the cognitive ability of middle-aged and elderly people in China using survey data from the three-phase China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), the China City Statistical Yearbooks , and PM2.5 data from the Columbia University International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN). According to the constructed model, for every 1 µg/m³ increase in PM2.5 concentration, the cognitive ability score of middle-aged people in China declined by 0.176 points on average. However the influence of PM2.5 concentration on the cognitive ability of people aged over 54 years was not significant. Physical support from children slightly improved the cognitive ability score of the middle-aged group. Education level had a significant impact on the cognitive ability of the elderly group, with those having a higher education level displaying less cognitive aging. In addition, hypertension had a significant negative impact on the cognitive ability of the elderly group.
Buoyancy Driven Flow of Pseudoplastic Fluid Between an Outer Cylinder and Inner Grooved One.
Authors: Oussama Benhizia , Mohamed Bouzit 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This work examines the two-dimensional steady laminar natural convection of non-Newtonian fluid obeys the Ostwald-de Waele model in a gap between two concentric cylinders (the internal cylinder is grooved). The presence of grooves is of importance owing to their effectiveness in ameliorating the heat transfer of devices like micro-system, ICE (Internal Combustion Engine)….; Thus, we have conducted a numerical study for ranges of values Prandtl number 10≤Pr≤10 3 , Rayleigh number 10 3 ≤Ra≤10 5 , power law index 0.4≤n≤1 and number of grooves 4, 8, 12 and 16 in this order, with the help of ANSYS-CFX 16.2. The finite volume method was used to discretize the governing equations and they solved by the SIMPLE algorithm.
It is to be said that the Nusselt number is proportional with Ra while it is disproportional with n. Increasing the number of grooves drastically affects the heat transfer characteristics in the gap, by minimizing the surface that loses the heat between one groove and another, and therefore, the heat transfer is too small especially at the case of 16 grooves.
Lignin-Degrading Enzymes From a Pathogenic Canker-Rot Fungus, Inonotus Obliquus Strain IO-B2 (NBRC 113408)
Authors: Agnestisia Retno , Suzuki Tomohiro , Ono Akiko , Nakamura Luna , Nezu Ikumi , Tanaka Yuki , Aiso Haruna , Ishiguri Futoshi , Yokota Shinso 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Inonotus obliquus is pathogenic fungus on living trees and has been widely used as a traditional medicine for cancer therapy. Although it has been reported that lignocellulose-degrading enzymes are involved in the early stage of host infection, the parasitic life cycle of this fungus has not been fully clarified. In the present study, we investigated the activities of lignin-degrading enzymes from I. obliquus and analyzed the degradation products. Our results revealed that I. obliquus is a pathogenic canker-rot fungus that does not produce lignin peroxidase (LiP), yet is capable of degrading the non-phenolic unit of lignin. The draft genome sequence of this fungus consisted of 21,203 predicted protein coding genes, of which 136 genes were estimated to be related to wood degradation. Furthermore, we found genes encoding putative versatile peroxidase (VP) and dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP), which are considered to be involved in the degradation of the non-phenolic unit of lignin. Thus, we cloned the cDNA encoding putative VP, referred as IO-Px, and characterized its molecular structure. From the above results, we suggested that: 1) IO-Px is a new member of MnP, and 2) the ability of I. obliquus to degrade non-phenolic lignin unit might arise from DyP properties.
Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Ring Squeeze Film Damper-Rotor System
Authors: Shi MingMing , Yang Yongfeng , Wang Jianjun , Deng Wangqun , Zhang Desheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the oil film pressure distribution and fluid-structure coupling dynamic characteristics of the ring squeeze film damper-rotor system are studied and the vibration reduction mechanism of the ring squeeze film damper is revealed, the results of which provide a theoretical basis for the dynamic design of the rotor support system. Based on the theory of hydrodynamic lubrication, the Reynolds equation on the working principle of the floating ring is established. Moreover, the oil film pressure distribution of the inner and outer layers of the floating ring is obtained by adopting the finite difference method. The law of oil film pressure, bearing capacity, and deflection angle with eccentricity and the width-to-diameter ratio is analyzed. Then, the fluid-structure coupling model of a dual-disk over-hung rotor system supported by a floating ring bearing is built by using finite element simulation software. The vibration reduction mechanism and the oil film whirl mechanism of the ring squeeze film damper are revealed according to the analysis of the transient characteristics. The fluid-structure coupling method is used to analyze the influence of oil filling on the dynamic characteristics of the elastic ring. The results of this study show that lubricating oil will make its natural frequency drop.