bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel antifungal agents in clinical trials
Authors: Jacobs Samantha E. , Zagaliotis Panagiotis , Walsh Thomas J. 
Published: June 2021

Invasive fungal diseases due to resistant yeasts and molds are an important and increasing public health threat, likely due to a growing population of immunosuppressed hosts, increases in antifungal resistance, and improvements in laboratory diagnostics. The significant morbidity and mortality associated with these pathogens bespeaks the urgent need for novel safe and effective therapeutics. This review highlights promising investigational antifungal agents in clinical phases of development: fosmanogepix, ibrexafungerp, rezafungin, encochleated amphotericin B, oteseconazole (VT-1161), VT-1598, PC945, and olorofim. We examine three first-in-class members of three novel antifungal classes, as well as new agents within existing antifungal classes with improved safety and tolerability profiles due to enhanced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
Publication analysis in Bay for Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation Nations
Authors: Janodia Manthan , Narayan Aparna I. , Venkata Santhosh Krishnan , Chogtu Bharti 
Published: June 2021

Background: Research output provides an insight into the development of the scientific capability of a country. Budget allocation for research and development (R&D) is directly proportional to the research output of a country. While developed countries spend a significant percentage of their GDP on R&D, developing countries do not have enough resources to invest in R&D. Countries in the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) Nations has received significantly less attention from outside the region in studying R&D and research publication scenario of the region. The research output of BIMSTEC countries was analyzed using various metrics in this paper. Methods: Data on citation per paper, Field Weight Citation Impact (FWCI), paper per researcher, collaborative publications, and output in top 10 percent journals was extracted from one of the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature, Scopus and its affiliate SciVal, for a period of 6 years between 2012-2017. Percentage of R&D spend, researchers per million population, and total scientific output were extracted from World Bank data. Results: India and Thailand have a higher quantum of publications compared to other countries. Subjects like clinical, technology, Computer Science have a larger publication number as compared to other subject areas like Social Science, Arts, Education, Law, and Physiology. The researcher population and research spend of a nation have an evident implication on the publication though no direct relation can be derived. Conclusion: Huge disparities in terms of percentage of research spent, research output, papers per researcher, and output with national and international authorship differ for countries. Higher research spent and publication count are not positively correlated with better FWCI.
Association of subgingival Epstein–Barr virus and periodontitis
Authors: Maulani Chaerita , C. Masulili Sri Lelyati , Santoso Widayat Djoko , Soedarsono Nurtami , Kusdhany Lindawati , Auerkari Elza Ibrahim 
Published: June 2021

Background: The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is gaining interest as a possible agent in the etiology of periodontitis. Previous studies have shown controversy on whether EBV DNA in the subgingival periodontal pockets is associated with periodontitis. The present study aimed to seek the potential relationship between EBV and periodontitis. Methods: Samples were taken from gingival crevicular fluid using sterile paper points, and data on sociodemographics, oral health, and periodontal health were recorded. This case-control study of 118 participants included 59 subjects with severe periodontitis and 59 control subjects with mild periodontitis. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determined EBV load. Results: EBV DNA was detected in 37.3% of the case samples and 18.6% of the control samples. There was no significant difference in a load of EBV DNA between severe and mild periodontitis (p>0.05). The observed load of EBV DNA was up to 4.55x10 5 copies/mL. The detected EBV DNA was significantly associated with the plaque index and the oral hygiene index (p<0.05). Conclusions: Although no significant association was found, EBV may play a role in periodontitis. The real-time PCR methods can be used to monitor the EBV load in gingival crevicular fluid.
Effect of blending ratio of wheat, orange fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) powder and haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) flour on proximate composition, physical properties and sensory acceptability of biscuits
Authors: Kindeya Fieben , Hailu Welday , Dessalegn Tilku , L. Kibr Gesessew 
Published: June 2021

Background Protein-energy deficiency (PEM) is still a major health issue in developing countries, and it is the leading cause of disease and death in children under the age of 5 years. Methods 100:0:0; 90:5:5; 80:10:10; 70:15:15; 60:20:20; and 50:25:25 per cent wheat:haricot bean: orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) flours were used to make composite cookies. Standard methods were used to evaluate the proximate structure, physical properties, and sensory assessment. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to statistically evaluate the data using the statistical analysis system (SAS) software package, version 9.0 standard methods. Results The results showed that partially replacing wheat with haricot bean and OFSP increased the proximate composition significantly. When wheat was replaced with haricot bean and OFSP, the physical characteristics of the biscuits did not vary significantly from those of biscuits made entirely of wheat flour. Sensory acceptability (appearance, color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability) was higher in the composite biscuits with up to 40% wheat substitution than in the 100% wheat flour biscuits. Conclusions Based on the findings of this report, using OFSP and a haricot bean to wheat flour blend in biscuit formulation appears to be promising in terms of nutritional quality, acceptability, and cost. It is proposed that these products be marketed to vitamin A deficiency (VAD) customers as a newly established product to help mitigate food insecurity.
Sleep quality among undergraduate students of a medical college in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey
Authors: Shrestha Dhan , Adhikari Suman Prasad , Rawal Namrata , Budhathoki Pravash , Pokharel Subashchandra , Adhikari Yuvraj , Rokaya Pooja , Raut Udit 
Published: June 2021

Background Good sleep quality is associated with a diverse range of positive outcomes such as better health, less daytime sleepiness, well-being, and proper psychological functioning. Sleep deprivation or poor sleep quality leads to many metabolic, endocrine, and immune changes. Many studies have shown changes in sleep schedule along with worsening of sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from January 13, 2021, to February 15, 2021. A stratified random sampling technique was used. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Questionnaires that were completely filled were included and analyzed using STATA vs. 15. Results 168 medical students filled out the questionnaires with a response rate of 88.42%. 30.36% (n=51) of respondents were having poor quality of sleep (PSQI total score of > 5) with an average PSQI score of 4.24±2.19. Unadjusted logistic regression analysis showed significantly higher odds of poor quality of sleep among females (OR, 2.25; CI, 1.14-4.43) comparing to male and the relation persists even adjusting with age and year in medical school (aOR, 2.81; CI, 1.35-5.86) Adjusting with age and gender 4th-year MBBS students were 82% less likely to have a poor quality of sleep compared to 2nd-year MBBS students (aOR, 0.18; CI, 0.04-0.76). Poor quality of sleep is common among medical students. Conclusions More than a quarter of medical students have a poor quality of sleep as per our study. So, education and awareness should be aroused among medical students regarding the detrimental effects of poor quality sleep on daily activities, physical and mental well-being, and the overall quality of life.
How to manage pes cavus in children and adolescents?
Authors: Sanpera Ignacio , Villafranca-Solano Sandra , Muñoz-Lopez Carmen , Sanpera-Iglesias Julia 
Published: June 2021

Pes cavus in its different forms is not a pathological entity, but rather the manifestation of multiple diseases. Cavovarus, a form of cavus foot, should never be considered a physiological deformity. A neurological condition should always be excluded. The evolution of pes cavovarus is unpredictable because of the large number of conditions involved in its aetiology, as well as their variable degree of expression. About 66% of cavovarus feet are the result of subtle neurological diseases, which only become evident later in life. Although surgery may not change quality of life, recent studies suggest that it may improve foot posture and reduce walking instability. The aim of treatment is to preserve a painless, plantigrade, mobile foot. Management consists of correcting bone deformity while preserving movement, and the wise use of rebalancing techniques. Arthrodesis should only be a salvage procedure. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:510-517. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210021
Injections in the osteoarthritic knee: a review of current treatment options
Authors: Fusco Gerardo , Gambaro Francesco M. , Di Matteo Berardo , Kon Elizaveta 
Published: June 2021

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral damage, and bone remodelling. Among the approaches implemented to achieve symptomatic and functional improvements, injection treatments have gained increasing attention due to the possibility of intra-articular delivery with reduced side effects compared to systemic therapies. In addition to well-established treatment options such as hyaluronic acid (HA), cortico-steroids (CS) and oxygen-ozone therapy, many other promising products have been employed in the last decades such as polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) and biologic agents such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Moreover, ultrasound-guided intra-meniscal injection and X-ray-guided subchondral injection techniques have been introduced into clinical practice. Even when not supported by high evidence consensus, intra-articular CS and HA injections have gained precise indications for symptomatic relief and clinical improvement in OA. Biological products are strongly supported by in vitro evidence but there is still a lack of robust clinical evidence. PRP and MSCs seem to relieve OA symptoms through a regulation of the joint homeostasis, even if their capability to restore articular cartilage is still to be proved in vivo. Due to increasing interest in the subchondral bone pathology, subchondral injections have been developed with promising results in delaying joint replacement. Nevertheless, due to their recent development and the heterogeneity of the injected products (biologic agents or calcium phosphate), this approach still lacks strong enough evidence to be fully endorsed. Combined biological treatments, nano-molecular approaches, monoclonal antibodies and ‘personalized’ target therapies are currently under development or under investigation with the aim of expanding our armamentarium against knee OA.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:501-509. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210026
Percutaneous, MIS and open hallux valgus surgery
Authors: Trnka Hans-Jörg 
Published: June 2021

There is some confusion in the terminology used when referring to MIS (Minimal invasive surgery) or percutaneous surgery. The correct term to describe these procedures should be percutaneous (made through the skin) and MIS should be reserved for procedures whose extent is between percutaneous and open surgery (e.g. osteosynthesis). Minimal incision surgery may be distinguished in first, second and third generation minimal incision surgery techniques. First generation MIS hallux valgus surgery is mainly connected with the Isham procedure; an intraarticular oblique and incomplete osteotomy of the head of the first metatarsal without fixation. The Bösch osteotomy and the SERI are classified as second generation MIS hallux surgery. They are both transverse subcapital osteotomies fixed with a percutaneous medial K-wire inserted into the medullary canal. For all these procedures, intraoperative fluoroscopic control is necessary. Open hallux valgus surgery can be divided into proximal, diaphyseal and distal osteotomies of the first metatarsal. Reviewing the available literature suggests minimally invasive and percutaneous hallux valgus correction leads to similar clinical and radiological results to those for open chevron or SCARF osteotomies. First generation minimally invasive techniques are primarily recommended for minor deformities. In second generation minimally invasive hallux valgus surgery, up to 61% malunion of the metatarsal head is reported. Once surgeons are past the learning curve, third generation minimally invasive chevron osteotomies can present similar clinical and radiological outcomes to open surgeries. Specific cadaveric training is mandatory for any surgeon considering performing minimally invasive surgical techniques.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:432-438. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210029
Commercial-off-the-shelf event-based cameras for space surveillance applications
Authors: McMahon-Crabtree Peter N. , Monet David G. 
Published: June 2021

Event-based cameras (EBCs) are of interest for potential application to space domain
awareness (SDA). EBC attributes, including asynchronous response and
low latency provide data reduction, break the trade-off between
latency and power, and enable consideration of additional algorithms
and processing architectures due to individual timestamps for each
event. Potential data reduction by a factor of 10 or greater is
particularly attractive for SDA from satellite platforms with
constraints on system power, processing, and communication bandwidth.
Here we report our initial evaluation of Prophesee third-generation
commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) EBCs, including development of, and
comparison with, a limiting magnitude model. The analytic model is a
function of sky background radiance; EBC parameters including contrast
threshold, dark current, pixel pitch, and spectral quantum efficiency;
and the optic aperture diameter and focal length. Using an 85 mm f/1.4
lens, the measured detection limits for the half-size video graphics
array (HVGA) and video graphics array (VGA)-format EBCs are 6.9 and
9.8 visual magnitudes (

m
V

), respectively, at a sky background
level of about

20.3

m
V

per square arcsecond. The empirical
sensitivity limit for the VGA differs by

0.1

m
V

from our analytic prediction of 9.7
(less than 10% difference in flux). The limiting magnitude model
assumes slow motion of point objects across the EBC focal plane array.
Additional experiments exploring temporal behavior show that no stars
are detected while scanning across the night sky faster than 0.5 deg
per second using the VGA-EBC mounted to a 200 mm f/2.0 lens. The
limited sensitivity of the evaluated COTS EBCs prevents their use as a
replacement for typical CCD/CMOS framing sensors, but EBCs show clear
promise for small-aperture, large-field persistent SDA in terms of
their efficient capture of temporal information.
Design of a compact varifocal panoramic system based on the mechanical zoom method
Authors: Wang Jia , Amani Alireza , Zhu Chengxi , Bai Jian 
Published: June 2021

A compact varifocal panoramic annular lens (PAL) system based on the four-component mechanical zoom method is proposed, which solves the problem that the traditional PAL system cannot zoom in to the region of interest. By moving the zoom group and the compensation group, our design achieves continuous zooming, in which the focal length changes from 3.8 to 6 mm. It can keep the position of the image surface unchanged while maintaining a compact structure. The system has a field of view (FoV) of 25°–100° in wide-angle mode and an FoV of 25°–65° in telephoto mode. The modulation transfer function of the wide-angle view is higher than 0.22 at 147 lp/mm. The

F

-theta distortion is less than 3%, and the relative illuminance is higher than 0.9 in the zoom process. Compared with the zoom PAL system with multiple free-form aspheric surfaces, the proposed system uses multiple spherical lenses and only one

Q

-type asphere lens to achieve outstanding panoramic zoom imaging results. It is practical and straightforward, easy to manufacture, detect, and mass produce.
Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf den Einsatz von Kreativitätstechniken: Herausforderungen, Lösungsansätze und Modelle für die Online-Kommunikation in Virtuellen Teams
Authors: Waldhör Klemens , Kubla Leonie 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag sollen die Veränderungen beim Einsatz von Kreativitätstechniken in der aktuellen Covid-19-Pandemie untersucht werden. Basierend auf einer Evaluationsmatrix und einem Entscheidungsmodell wird eine Liste von Kreativitätstechniken ermittelt und bewertet, die online erfolgreich in virtuellen Teams oder im Home Office verwendet werden können. Eine wichtige Anforderung war, dass die ermittelten Kreativitätstechniken ohne größeren Aufwand oder Neuimplementierung in Online-Umgebungen wie Zoom, Microsoft Teams und in verwandten Systemen eingesetzt werden können. Damit gibt der Beitrag eine Unterstützungs- und Entscheidungshilfe, wie in Pandemiezeiten die Kreativität der Mitarbeiter in Online-Arbeitsumgebungen gefördert werden und Teams trotz der Einschränkungen gemeinsame Ideen und innovative Produkte und Anwendungen entwickeln können. Die Erkenntnisse und Modelle sind nicht nur für den Softwarebereich geeignet, sondern für alle Anwendungsbereiche, die sich mit der Entwicklung innovativer Produkte beschäftigen. Ebenso können sie im schulischen und universitären Bereich verwendet werden.
Replication of machine learning methods to predict treatment outcome with antidepressant medications in patients with major depressive disorder from STAR*D and CAN-BIND-1
Authors: Nunez John-Jose , Nguyen Teyden T. , Zhou Yihan , Cao Bo , Ng Raymond T. , Chen Jun , Frey Benicio N. , Milev Roumen , Müller Daniel J. , Rotzinger Susan , Soares Claudio N. , Uher Rudolf , Kennedy Sidney H. , Lam Raymond W. 
Published: June 2021

Objectives
Antidepressants are first-line treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), but 40–60% of patients will not respond, hence, predicting response would be a major clinical advance. Machine learning algorithms hold promise to predict treatment outcomes based on clinical symptoms and episode features. We sought to independently replicate recent machine learning methodology predicting antidepressant outcomes using the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) dataset, and then externally validate these methods to train models using data from the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (CAN-BIND-1) dataset.

Methods
We replicated methodology from Nie et al (2018) using common algorithms based on linear regressions and decision trees to predict treatment-resistant depression (TRD, defined as failing to respond to 2 or more antidepressants) in the STAR*D dataset. We then trained and externally validated models using the clinical features found in both datasets to predict response (≥50% reduction on the Quick Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Rated [QIDS-SR]) and remission (endpoint QIDS-SR score ≤5) in the CAN-BIND-1 dataset. We evaluated additional models to investigate how different outcomes and features may affect prediction performance.

Results
Our replicated models predicted TRD in the STAR*D dataset with slightly better balanced accuracy than Nie et al (70%-73% versus 64%-71%, respectively). Prediction performance on our external methodology validation on the CAN-BIND-1 dataset varied depending on outcome; performance was worse for response (best balanced accuracy 65%) compared to remission (77%). Using the smaller set of features found in both datasets generally improved prediction performance when evaluated on the STAR*D dataset.

Conclusion
We successfully replicated prior work predicting antidepressant treatment outcomes using machine learning methods and clinical data. We found similar prediction performance using these methods on an external database, although prediction of remission was better than prediction of response. Future work is needed to improve prediction performance to be clinically useful.
Nonsterile immunity to cryptosporidiosis in infants is associated with mucosal IgA against the sporozoite and protection from malnutrition
Authors: Kabir Mamun , Alam Masud , Nayak Uma , Arju Tuhinur , Hossain Biplob , Tarannum Rubaiya , Khatun Amena , White Jennifer A. , Ma Jennie Z. , Haque Rashidul , Petri William A. , Gilchrist Carol A. 
Published: June 2021

We conducted a longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis from birth to three years of age in an urban slum of Dhaka Bangladesh. Fecal DNA was extracted from monthly surveillance samples and diarrheal stool samples collected from 392 infants from birth to three years. A pan-Cryptosporidium qPCR assay was used to identify sub-clinical and symptomatic cryptosporidiosis. Anthropometric measurements were collected quarterly to assess child nutritional status. 31% (121/392) of children experienced a single and 57% (222/392) multiple infections with Cryptosporidium. Repeat infections had a lower burden of parasites in the stool (Cq slope = -1.85; p<0.0001) and were more likely to be sub-clinical (Chi square test for trend; p = 0.01). Repeat infections were associated with the development of growth faltering (Pearson correlation = -0.18; p = 0.0004). High levels of fecal IgA antibodies against the Cryptosporidium Cp23 sporozoite protein at one year of life were associated with a delay in reinfection and amelioration of growth faltering through three years of life (HAZ IgA high responders -1.323 ± 0.932 versus HAZ -1.731 ± 0.984 p = 0.0001). We concluded that nonsterile immunity to cryptosporidiosis in young children was associated with high levels of mucosal IgA anti-Cp23 and protection from diarrhea and growth faltering.
Trial Registration: NCT02764918.
Petroleum Fiscal Systems, Erik T. Jarlsby and Eduardo G. Pereira (2018)
Authors: Jiyad Ahmed Mousa 
Published: June 2021

Review of: Petroleum Fiscal Systems, Erik T. Jarlsby and Eduardo G. Pereira (2018)
Oklahoma, OK: PennWell Books, 471 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-59370-480-3, h/bk, $119