bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerosol dynamics and dispersion of radioactive particles
Authors: von Schoenberg Pontus , Tunved Peter , Grahn Håkan , Wiedensohler Alfred , Krejci Radovan , Brännström Niklas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In the event of a failure of a nuclear power plant with release
of radioactive material into the atmosphere, dispersion modelling is used to understand how the released radioactivity is spread. For the dispersion of particles, Lagrangian particle dispersion models (LPDMs) are commonly used, in which model particles, representing the released material, are transported
through the atmosphere. These model particles are usually inert and undergo
only first-order processes such as dry deposition and simplified wet
deposition along the path through the atmosphere. Aerosol dynamic processes
including coagulation, condensational growth, chemical interactions,
formation of new particles and interaction with new aerosol sources are
usually neglected in such models. The objective of this study is to analyse
the impact of these advanced aerosol dynamic processes if they were to be
included in LPDM simulations for use in radioactive preparedness. In
this investigation, a fictitious failure of a nuclear power plant is studied for
three geographically and atmospherically different sites. The incident was
simulated with a Lagrangian single-trajectory box model with a new
simulation for each hour throughout a year to capture seasonal variability
of meteorology and variation in the ambient aerosol. (a) We conclude that modelling of wet deposition by incorporating an advanced cloud
parameterization is advisable, since it significantly influence simulated
levels of airborne and deposited activity including radioactive hotspots,
and (b) we show that inclusion of detailed ambient-aerosol dynamics can play
a large role in the model result in simulations that adopt a more detailed
representation of aerosol–cloud interactions. The results highlight a
potential necessity for implementation of more detailed representation of
general aerosol dynamic processes into LPDMs in order to cover the full
range of possible environmental characteristics that can apply during a release
of radionuclides into the atmosphere.
Is YoutubeTM an accurate source of patient-information for awareness about periodontal diseases?
Authors: Güler Berceste , Özaltun Büşra 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Oral hygiene education and patient awareness are crucial for prevention and the sustainability of its treatment because of high prevalence of periodontal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate YouTube videos related to periodontal diseases and assess them comprehensively, reliability, and quality for non-professional internet users.Methods: YouTube search was performed using the three keywords: ‘periodontal disease’, ‘gingival disease,’ and ‘gum disease’. Video lengths, duration, numbers of total views, likes, dislikes, comments values were recorded. The interaction index, viewing rates and video power index (VPI) were calculated. Comprehensiveness tailor-made index was assessed for content, Global Quality Scale (GQS), and DISCERN scales were used for reliability and quality of videos.Results: A total of 210 videos were evaluated, and 79 videos were included in the study. While 69 of the videos are useful videos, 9 of them have misleading video content. VPI values were found 2.88±0.67 for useful videos and 1.78±0.66 for misleading videos. The mean GQS value of the videos has seen as 2.76±0.7. According to the DISCERN score, 41.8% of the videos show poor quality. The number of videos with comprehensiveness value (2) score is 44 and the number of videos (1) score is 35.Conclusions: YouTube videos may be used as an education source about periodontal disease for non-professional users; however, videos need to be improved in terms of content and quality. These and similar publications may be supported for the optimization of videos to be shared on YouTube with periodontal disease and oral hygiene education.
Discursividades e interacciones en la construcción de la agenda de juventud
Authors: Méndez Fierros Hugo , Fernández Huerta Christian 
Published: April 2021

La intención de este artículo es conocer la serie de interconexiones que ponen a algunos organismos en relación con otros en la construcción de una agenda de juventud para el diseño y la implementación de políticas públicas orientadas a los jóvenes. Para ello se identifican los actores, públicos y privados, interesados en esta área. Tomando como referencia la Conferencia Mundial de la Juventud o World Youth Conference (WYC 2010), celebrada durante el mes de agosto de 2010 en la ciudad de León, Guanajuato, se identifican a los actores de la red política internacional, del ámbito nacional y de la sociedad civil.
PENERAPAN PEMBAGIAN HARTA WARISAN DI ANTARA AHLI WARISNYA DZAWIL FURUD MENUNJUKKAN BAHWA ANGKA PEMBILANG LEBIH BESAR DARI ANGKA PENYEBUT PASAL 192 KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM (KHI)
Authors: Syuhada' Syuhada' 
Published: April 2021

Islamic inheritance, Farâ'idh or Islamic inheritance regulates various matters in the distribution of inheritance to those entitled to receive it on the basis of the provisions stipulated in the Qur'an, the sunnah of the Holy Prophet. and scholars agreement. The maker of farâ'idh or Islamic inheritance is Allah. The object is a relic. the goal can be to give heir rights to inheritance in accordance with the guidelines of Islamic law based on the Al-Qur'an, Al-Hadit, Al-?Ijmâ and Al-Qiyâs. Inheritance in Islam contains the rule of law regarding the transfer of corpses property definitively and contains a pure package from Allah SWT (tauqifi), that is why the verses of the Qur’an that explain about inheritance are not many, only three places regulate in detail, detail, and clear. Even so al-Qur'an still provides ijtihâd space in understanding the Qur'anic texts related to the explanation of inheritance law.
KHI article 192 " Apabila dalam pembagian warisan di antara para ahli warisnya Dzawil furud menunjukkan bahwa angka pembilang lebih besar dari angka penyebut, maka angka penyebut dinaikkan sesuai dengan pembilang, dan baru sesudah itu harta warisnya dibagi secara aul menurut angka pembilang ".
The heirs in KHI article 192 are heirs only consisting of Dzawil furud, the heirs who receive a definite share. The portion received by Dzawil furud is a definite part, namely: 1 / 2,14.1 / 8, and 2/3, 1 / 3.1 / 6), the part must be given by Dzawil furud in full, meaning that it should not be added let alone reduced, but the other side of inheritance is not sufficient to be given to the heirs in full, therefore, done in Aul.
The Aul case in article 192 KHI only applies to the heirs of Dzawil furud, the heirs who received the definite portion that has been explained by Allah. in the Qur'an definitively
In Aul's case the gains of each of Dzawil furud were reduced and decreased according to their share, even though the reduction was different but the fact of the reduction was the same. Because both are reduced and the same reduction is still a fair category.
The Aul case in article 192 KHI was included in the domain of fiqh so that it was included in the category of ijtihad problems but there was still a chance of a difference
Gender-related distribution of personality disorders in a sample of patients with panic disorder
Authors: Barzega G. , Maina G. , Venturello S. , Bogetto F. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryObjectiveWe examined gender differences in the frequency of DSM-IV personality disorder diagnoses in a sample of patients with a diagnosis of panic disorder (PD).MethodOne hundred and eighty-four outpatients with a principal diagnosis of PD (DSM-IV) were enrolled. All patients were evaluated with a semi-structured interview to collect demographic and clinical data and to generate Axis I and Axis II diagnoses in accordance with DSM-IV criteria.ResultsMales were significantly more likely than females to meet diagnoses for schizoid and borderline personality disorder. Compared to males, females predominated in histrionic and cluster C diagnoses, particularly dependent personality disorder diagnoses. A significant interaction was found between female sex and agoraphobia on personality disorder (PD) distribution.ConclusionsMale PD patients seem to be characterized by more severe personality disorders, while female PD patients, particularly with co-morbid agoraphobia, have higher co-morbidity rates with personality disorders belonging to the ‘anxious-fearful cluster’.
Increased soluble platelet / endothelial cellular adhesion molecule‐1 and osteonectin levels in patients with severe congestive heart failure. Independence of disease etiology, and antecedent aspirin therapy
Authors: Serebruany Victor L. , Murugesan Selva R. , Pothula Anitha , Atar Dan , Lowry David R. , O'Connor Christopher M. , Gurbel Paul A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:Platelet–endothelial interactions modulated by adhesion molecules, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure (CHF). Soluble levels of these molecules and platelet‐derived substances are reportedly elevated in patients with CHF. However, no data are available on the plasma levels of Platelet / Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule‐1 (PECAM‐1), and platelet‐derived osteonectin in this growing population.Methods and Results:Soluble levels by ELISA were prospectively determined in patients with severe CHF (n = 37) and correlated to etiology and antecedent aspirin use, and compared with 14 healthy control subjects. Left ventricular dysfunction was attributed to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in 18 and coronary artery disease in 19 patients. Twenty‐one patients were aspirin‐free and 16 patients were using aspirin (81–500 mg daily). Elevated soluble PECAM‐1 (51.31 ± 2.44 ng/ml, P = 0.0001), and osteonectin (826.27 ± 22.37 ng/ml, P = 0.0001) were observed in patients with CHF, as compared to healthy controls (32.56 ± 1.21 ng/ml, and 478.02 ± 31.32 ng/ml, respectively). Neither etiology of CHF, nor antecedent aspirin therapy significantly affects the levels of PECAM‐1 or osteonectin.Conclusions:Despite long‐term aspirin therapy and independently of the etiology of the disease, soluble PECAM‐1 and osteonectin were elevated in the majority of patients with severe CHF, suggesting platelet–endothelial activation. The present data provide additional evidence that more potent anti‐platelet and endothelial preservation regimens deserve further study in the heart failure population.
MIDWIVES AND MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH: BUILDING RESOURCE CAPACITY
Authors: Lydon‐Rochelle Mona , West Margaret , Hayes Maxine , Taylor Polly 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTWith dramatic changes in health, social services, and welfare systems and escalating pressure to increase clinical productivity, midwives need to enhance their capacity to work with federal, regional, and state partners to promote and protect comprehensive, culturally competent, and community‐based quality health care for pregnant women and their families. Information about maternal and child health (MCH) regional and state resources is provided, and strategies for obtaining additional MCH resources are suggested, so that midwives and other women's health care providers can more effectively improve health care programs and systems that benefit women and their families. In addition, ways to work with MCH programs at the regional and state levels are described.
Geographic Variation in the Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , Barber Claire E. H. , Katz Steven , Homik Joanne , Bertazzon Stefania , Patel Alka B. , Robert Jill , Smith Christopher , Mosher Dianne , Marshall Deborah A. 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesTimely access to rheumatologists remains a challenge in Alberta, a Canadian province with vast rural areas, whereas rheumatologists are primarily clustered in metro areas. To address the goal of timely and equitable access to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care, health planners require information at the regional and local level to determine the RA prevalence and the associated health care needs.MethodsUsing Alberta Health administrative databases, we identified RA‐prevalent cases (April 1, 2015‐March 31, 2016) on the basis of a validated case definition. Age‐ and sex‐standardized prevalence rates per 1000 population members and the standardized rates ratio (SRR) were calculated. We applied Global Moran’sIand Gi* hotspot analysis using three different weight matrices to explore the geospatial pattern of RA prevalence in Alberta.ResultsAmong 38 350 RA cases (68% female; n = 26 236), the prevalence rate was 11.81 cases per 1000 population members (95% confidence interval [CI] 11.80‐11.81) after age and sex standardization. Approximately 60% of RA cases resided in metro (Calgary and Edmonton) and moderate metro areas. The highest rate was observed in rural areas (14.46; 95% CI 14.45‐14.47; SRR 1.28), compared with the lowest in metro areas (10.69; 95% CI 10.68‐10.69; SRR 0.82). The RA prevalence across local geographic areas ranged from 4.7 to 30.6 cases. The Global Moran’sIindex was 0.15 using three different matrices (z‐score 3.96‐4.24). We identified 10 hotspots in the south and north rural areas and 18 cold spots in metro and moderate metro Calgary.ConclusionThe findings highlight notable rural–urban variation in RA prevalence in Alberta. Our findings can inform strategies aimed at reducing geographic disparities by targeting areas with high health care needs.
Localized Surface Plasmon Enhanced Laser Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Wearable Strain Sensor
Authors: Wan Zhengfen , Wang Shujun , Haylock Ben , Wu Zhiqing , Nguyen Tuan‐Khoa , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Sang Robert , Nguyen Nam‐Trung , Thiel David , Koulakov Sergio , Trinchi Adrian , Gao Yongsheng , Lobino Mirko , Li Qin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLaser reduced graphene has been increasingly attracting broad attention owing to its unique properties and potential applications in energy conversion and storage, flexible electronics, optoelectronics, and nanocomposites. In this study, graphene sheets decorated with Au nanoparticles are fabricated in situ using milliwatt femtosecond laser reduction. The findings reveal an enhancement in both the reduction of graphene oxide sheets and the nucleation and growth of the Au nanoparticles during the in situ laser treatment. Three stages of reactions are considered, namely, (i) the spontaneous redox reaction between HAuCl4 and graphene oxide, (ii) the laser‐induced decomposition of HAuCl4 and reduction of graphene oxide, and (iii) the localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced photoreduction in the presence of Au particles. Moreover, the Au nanoparticles form densely and evenly distributed square‐lattice‐like microcrack networks that ensure a linear resistance change over the tested strain range. This microcrack network architecture enables the development of flexible graphene/Au strain sensors with gauge factors up to 52.5, and linear behaviour up to 25.4% strain. This strain sensor is demonstrated to effectively monitor human motions. The findings leverage the resistive properties of graphene/metal nanoparticle composites with fundamental mechanisms, laying a critical step toward highly functional, low‐cost, flexible, and wearable graphene‐based electronics.
Short caregiver interview and play observation for early screening of autism spectrum disorder: Behavior development screening for toddlers (BeDevel)
Authors: Bong Guiyoung , Kim So Yoon , Song Da‐Yea , Kim Jeong‐heun , Hong Yoohwa , Yoon Nan‐He , Sunwoo Hyunjung , Jang Jeong Yun , Oh Miae , Kim Jong Myeong , Lee Kyung‐Sook , Jung Seokjin , Choi Chang Won , Ryu Ju Seok , Yoo Hee Jeong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study validates behavior development screening for toddlers (BeDevel), which utilizes a combination of short caregiver interviews (BeDevel‐I) and semistructured play observations (BeDevel‐P). The data of 431 toddlers (male 66.2%; mean age (SD) = 29.11 (8.59) months; ASD, n = 201; developmental delay, n = 46; typically developing, n = 184), aged 18 ~ 42 months, were included in the validation of BeDevel. The best clinical estimate diagnosis, screening rate, validity, sensitivity, and reliability of BeDevel were determined based on data cross‐sectionally collected using BeDevel and existing diagnostic/screening instruments: autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS), autism diagnostic interview (ADI‐R), Vineland adaptive behavior scales‐II (VABS‐II), social response scales (SRS), sequenced language scale for infants (SELSI), Korean childhood autism rating scale (K‐CARS), and Korean social communication questionnaire (K‐SCQ). The k values of BeDevel‐I and BeDevel‐P were 0.055 ~ 0.732 and 0.291 ~ 0.752, respectively. Items related to social referencing in BeDevel‐P had a particularly high diagnostic validity (k = 0.483 ~ 0.684). Reliabilities of BeDevel‐I and BeDevel‐P were sufficient (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86 ~ 0.88 and 0.92 ~ 0.95, respectively). BeDevel‐I and BeDevel‐P showed high sensitivity (BeDevel‐I: 85.00 ~ 89.29%; BeDevel‐P: 85.00 ~ 91.75%), specificity (BeDevel‐I: 77.55 ~ 89.55%; BeDevel‐P: 85.09 ~ 97.01%), PPV (BeDevel‐I: 70.83 ~ 88.54%; BeDevel‐P: 81.52 ~ 94.68%), and NPV (BeDevel‐I: 76.00 ~ 95.24%; BeDevel‐P: 84.62 ~ 95.45%). The agreement between the composite BeDevel score and ADOS, ADI‐R, K‐CARS, and K‐SCQ was >67.6% (range = 67.6 ~ 90.8%). Combining a short caregiver interview and direct play observation is a valid and reliable screening process. More studies on social referencing as an important early marker are needed. BeDevel can be utilized as a secondary screening instrument before diagnostic confirmation in clinical and community settings.Lay summaryBeDevel, which consists of a short caregiver interview and direct play observation, is a valid and reliable screening instrument for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We suggest that BeDevel can be utilized as a secondary instrument before administering diagnostic assessments in clinical and community settings. More studies examining social referencing as a potential behavioral marker of ASD are needed.
Greenness profile assessment of selective liquid chromatographic methods for determination of a quaternary antimigraine combination along with three of their related official impurities
Authors: Marzouk Hoda M. , Ibrahim Engy A. , Hegazy Maha A. , Saad Samah S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTwo selective, sensitive and environmentally safe LC methods were developed and validated for determination of paracetamol, caffeine, ergotamine tartrate and metoclopramide in coformulated antimigraine tablets along with p‐aminophenol, p‐nitrophenol and theophylline as officially specified impurities. The first is based on high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with densitometric quantitation. Separation was achieved on HPTLC silica gel 60 F254 plates as stationary phase using ethyl acetate:aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution:glacial acetic acid (10.0:0.4:0.1, by volume) as a developing system followed by scanning of the separated bands at 210.0 nm. The subsequent method depends on HPLC with diode array detection. The LC separation was accomplished on a Scharlau C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using a mixture of 20.0 mm sodium dihydrogen phosphate, pH 3.0, adjusted with o‐phosphoric acid and methanol, at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min in a gradient elution program. The separated peaks were detected at 210.0 nm. The proposed methods have been validated and proven to meet the requirements outlined in the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The greenness profile evaluation was carried out using three tools, namely, the National Environmental Method Index, the Analytical EcoScale and the Green Analytical Procedure Index tool, and a comparative study was then conducted. Successful application of the developed methods for determination of the cited quaternary mixture in Metograine tablets confirms their suitability regarding the analytical performance and ecological impact in quality control assay and impurity profiling purposes.
Multiple nodular opacities only involving the right middle pulmonary lobe: Unusual manifestation of tuberculosis
Authors: Okazaki Akihito , Takeda Yoshihiro , Matsuda Yasuhiko , Fujita Kentaro , Shibata Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBronchoscopy should be actively performed to differentiate pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with lesions in the middle lobe, which are unaccompanied by bronchiectasis or present without obvious lesions in other lobes.
Recent Advances in Nanoparticles Confined in Two‐Dimensional Materials as High‐Performance Electrocatalysts for Energy‐Conversion Technologies
Authors: Zhang Ling , Chen Hongmei , Wei Zidong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRecently, the fast‐growing advanced electrochemical energy‐conversion technologies for environmentally friendly production or utilization of energy requires highly active and stable electrocatalysts and many strategies have been accordingly proposed to achieve this goal. Of them, confinement strategy holds great potential because it can create unique microenvironment for electrocatalysts. Thanks to the exceptional physical and chemical properties, the two‐dimensional materials (2D materials) as building block are powerful in constructing inimitable “confined space” which will endow electrocatalysts with many intriguing characteristics, such as admirable electron conductivity, enhanced stability and anti‐poisoning capability, and more accessible active sites as well. Despite numerous efforts have been devoted and some progress has been made in confinement research, there exist substantial challenges to be tackled with regard to respectable activity, stability, and mass production of the confined electrocatalysts. In this Minireview, the concept of “nanoparticles confined in two‐dimensional materials (denoted as NCTDM)” and their up‐to‐date synthetical strategies, including host‐guest assembly method and in‐situ formation method have been firstly discussed. In addition, with special emphasis on their application, the NCTDM as a new type of high‐performance electrocatalysts for electrochemical energy‐conversion technologies such as water splitting, fuel cells and electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C1 molecules have been systematically introduced.