bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case management systems and new routines in community organisations
Authors: Yigitbasioglu Ogan , Furneaux Craig , Rossi Sari 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis multiple‐case study examines the adoption of a case management system (CMS) across two community organisations in Australia using organizational routines as a theoretical lens. Both the adopters and the vendor were interviewed to explore how the CMS was instituted in the adopting organisations. Many of the concerns or problems associated with a CMS as reported in the literature were not supported in this study. Although the two cases differed significantly in terms of size and resources, the findings show that the adoption of CMS led to new ostensive and performative routines around data collection and service delivery in both organisations. This had implications for accountability and organisational learning. In particular, better access to data improved visibility and reporting on the provision of services and subsequently supported fundraising. This study also highlights some of the situational factors that facilitate or impede the transition to a CMS such as the critical role of the CMS administrator and the way the change is managed in adopting organisations. Overall, this study contributes to the discourse on CMS by providing some evidence to support a more nuanced view of CMS including as ‘systems of accountability’ or even a ‘necessity’ of the digital age rather than merely as ‘instruments of neoliberal policy’ and enablers of bureaucratisation of social work.
Creep degradation assessment of a Super304H austenitic steel by using misorientation‐derived parameters (electron backscatter diffraction)
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Yuetao , Chang Qing , Huang Mingyu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper reports the degradation assessment of Super304H during the creep by using misorientation‐derived parameters (EBSD). The results manifested that with increasing creep time, the change of misorientation parameters (i.e., Kernel Average Misorientation [KAM], grain reference orientation deviation [GROD], Grain Orientation Spread [GOS], and geometrically necessary dislocation [GND] density) of Super304H was significant. Meanwhile, the above parameters presented a non‐monotonic variation trend, which decreased slightly at first and then increased at the later. In addition, the increase amplitude of GROD and GOS was larger than the KAM and GND density, which manifest that the GROD and GOS are more suited to the creep degradation assessment of Super304H.
The political is personal: Postfeminism and the construction of the ideal working mother
Authors: Delaney Helen , Sullivan Katie R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper critically analyses how postfeminist discourse plays out in media constructions of politician New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern becoming a mother while in office. Data for this project include Ardern's public announcements of her pregnancy, her daughter's birth, and responses to questions regarding being a working mother. Alongside Ardern's framing of becoming a working mother, we also analyze how mainstream media reported on and sought meaning around her story. We are guided by the questions: How do different feminisms materialize in Ardern's case and how do they help us make sense of working and mothering in postfeminist times? Our analysis contributes to gender and organizational literature by teasing out the tensions and possibilities that emerge for a feminist politics of mothering and working.
Mothering with a career during a pandemic; the case of the Ghanaian woman
Authors: Akuoko Philipa Birago , Aggrey Vincent , Mengba Jennifer Dokbila 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe paper examines the multi‐tasked role of women in caregiving and career during the COVID‐19 partial lockdown in Ghana. One hundred fifty three mothers with careers within the Accra Metropolis participated in the study through purposive and snow balling sampling methods of non‐probability sampling technique. To observe the COVID‐19 protocols of social distancing, the research instrument was designed using Google forms and distributed to respondents via social media platforms (emails and WhatsApp). The results revealed that caregiving mothers generally reported to work late from home than if there were in the office and were less effective and productive working from home but were assured of job security because they mostly worked in the public sector. Hours used for domestic activities rose steadily during the lockdown period and social support from non‐relatives in caregiving increased. The paper’s finding suggests that mothers working from home are faced with difficult and conflicting roles which puts more pressure on women during the pandemic period. Women who are unable to access social support continue to be stressed and burdened in an attempt to combine family, care giving, and career roles which ultimately affect their overall wellbeing.
The politics of kitchen work: Co‐production of a retired man's “hegemonic masculinity” during the COVID‐19 quarantine
Authors: Han Yuchen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article documents the reconstructed domestic masculinity of a retired Chinese man during the COVID‐19 quarantine period in China. It is based on participant observation of the man and his family as a case study. It demonstrates how the man turns kitchen work into a “masculine” job, and uses it as a contested terrain for constructing hegemonic masculinity by adopting scientific discourse explicitly and traditional patriarchal discourse implicitly. It also highlights women's conscious and deliberate interactions with the man in contributing to the making of hegemonic masculinity for the sake of their own values of happiness. The author seeks an understanding of the intersection of aging, patriarchal norms, and women's agency through the case of the co‐production of a retired man's hegemonic masculinity in the context of the COVID‐19 quarantine.
Approaching the history of an Egyptian biomedicine
Authors: Derr Jennifer L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis piece explores the history of medicine in Egypt, the roots of an Egyptian practice of biomedicine in particular, through its historiography. In the period after World War II, the term “biomedicine” came to describe a practice of medicine defined by the close relations among clinicians, biological laboratory research, and the pharmaceutical industry in Europe and the United States. The history of medicine in Egypt and other parts of the Middle East and North Africa has long possessed close links to that in regions of Europe. In Egypt too, biomedicine has deep historical roots shaped by the influence of the nineteenth‐century Ottoman‐Egyptian state, the experience of colonialism, and the anti‐colonial objectives of the post‐colonial Egyptian state in the second half of the twentieth century. These influences were particularly important in relation to the treatment of schistosomiasis, one of Egypt's top‐ranking health problems of the twentieth century. The history of schistosomiasis demonstrates the gaps in the historiography of medicine in modern Egypt as well as how we might begin to consider the emergence of biomedical knowledge and theory at sites in Global South.
Low frequency of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease despite high prevalence of CMV viraemia in patients with advanced HIV infection: a clinical and immunological 48‐week follow‐up study
Authors: Albasanz‐Puig A , Suanzes P , Esperalba J , Fernández C , Sellarès‐Nadal J , Torrella A , Planas B , Segura A , Burgos J , Ribera E , Cañas‐Ruano E , García JN , Navarro J , Curran A , Len Ó , Falcó V 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and CMV‐specific immune response recovery after antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation in patients with advanced HIV infection.MethodsA prospective observational study of patients with HIV infection and CD4 counts of < 100 cells/µL was carried out (September 2015 to July 2018). HIV viral load (VL), CD4 count and CMV VL were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at baseline and at 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks, and CMV‐specific immune response was determined by QuantiFERON‐CMV assay at baseline and 48 weeks. All patients were started on ART but only those with CMV end‐organ disease (EOD) received anti‐CMV treatment.ResultsFifty‐three patients with a median age of 43.6 [interquartile range (IQR) 36.7–52.4] years were included in the study. At baseline, the median CD4 count was 30 cells/µL (IQR 20–60 cells/µL) and the median HIV VL was 462 000 HIV‐1 RNA copies/mL (IQR 186 000–1 300 000 copies/mL). At baseline, 32% patients had detectable CMV viraemia but none had detectable CMV viraemia at 48 weeks. Only one of 53 (1.9%) patients developed EOD during follow‐up. Seven (13.2%) patients were lost to follow‐up and six (11.3%) died; none of the deaths was related to CMV. Similar percentages of patients had a CMV‐specific immune response at baseline (71.7%) and at 48 weeks (70.0%). The magnitude of this response tended to increase over time [median 1.63 (IQR 0.15–5.77) IU/mL at baseline vs. median 2.5 (IQR 0.1–8.325) IU/mL at 48 weeks; P = 0.11]. We did not find any risk factors associated with 48‐week mortality.ConclusionsAlthough the prevalence of CMV viraemia in patients with advanced HIV infection remains high, achieving a good immunological recovery through ART is enough to suppress CMV viraemia, without an increased risk of CMV EOD. The prevalence of a CMV‐specific immune response was high and endured over time.
Combustion synthesis of NbC/ZrO2 composites: Influence of Cr additives on the microstructure and mechanical properties
Authors: Zaki Zaki I. , Al‐qahtani Mohsen , Alotaibi Saad H. , El‐Sadek Mohamed H. , Ahmed Hesham , Ahmed Yasser M. Z. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractComposites of NbC/ZrO2 reinforced with different weight ratios of Cr metal were prepared by dynamic compaction combustion from a blend of Nb2O5–Zr–Cr powders. Factors controlling the synthesis process, the microstructure, and the mechanical properties of the samples, such as Cr wt% and the compression loads were studied. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, porosity, and hardness measurements. The porosity value of the sample with no additives was high and reached 31.6 vol%. A sudden decrease in the sample porosity to 2.4 vol % was noticed for the sample containing 3.0 wt% of Cr. A high‐density sample with less than 2.0 vol % porosity and maximum hardness of 1038 HV was produced using 5.0 wt% Cr under 300 MPa compression load. Detailed thermodynamic calculations for the effect of Cr additives on the physicochemical properties of the system were introduced.
Predictors of faking behavior on personality inventories in selection: Do indicators of the ability and motivation to fake predict faking?
Authors: Holtrop Djurre , Oostrom Janneke K. , Dunlop Patrick D. , Runneboom Cecilia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigated whether faking behavior on a personality inventory can be predicted by two indicators of the ability to fake (cognitive ability and the ability to identify criteria; ATIC) and two indicators of the motivation to fake (perceived faking norms and honesty–humility). Firefighter applicants first completed a personality inventory under high‐stakes conditions and, three months later, under low‐stakes conditions (n = 128). Analyses revealed very little faking behavior on average. Cognitive ability and ATIC were both negatively related to personality score elevation, but only cognitive ability exhibited a statistically significant association. Neither perceived faking norms nor honesty–humility were significantly related to personality score elevation and only perceived competition was positively related to overclaiming (a proxy of faking).
Beyond “Industry 4.0": B2B factory networks as an alternative path towards the digital transformation of manufacturing and work
Authors: BUTOLLO Florian , SCHNEIDEMESSER Lea 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article uses theoretical and empirical evidence of variations in digitalized manufacturing to revisit Piore and Sabel's 1984 work on flexible specialization and to criticize the inherent one‐sidedness of the Industry 4.0 discourse. This is juxtaposed with empirical findings on platform‐mediated business‐to‐business factory networks, in which flexibility is facilitated by the digital interconnection of a far‐flung network of small‐scale manufacturers rather than by sophisticated production technology. The effects on work are equivocal; they entail the potential for a craft‐like and skill‐intensive paradigm of small‐scale manufacturing that can upgrade work, but also for a race to the bottom in price‐sensitive industries.
The perioperative and long‐term fates of patients with chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia who underwent secondary major amputations
Authors: Ogaki Tomoe , Iida Osamu , Hata Yosuke , Yamauchi Natsumi , Yokoi Chika , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Terashi Hiroto , Mano Toshiaki , Asada Yuji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the perioperative and long‐term fates of patients with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) who underwent secondary major amputations. From April 2010 to December 2018, 1653 CLTI patients primarily underwent endovascular therapy (EVT). Of these patients, 138 who underwent secondary major amputations were included in this study. The primary outcome measure was the mortality. Prognostic factors associated with perioperative (30‐day) and late mortality (after 30 days) were assessed. The 30‐day mortality was 9.6%. Patients who died during the perioperative period had lower ejection fractions on echocardiography than those in the perioperative survivors (49.5 ± 14.9% vs 58.6 ± 12.4%, P = .018). None of the other clinical characteristics were significantly associated with perioperative death. Two‐years postoperatively, 49.6%, 12.2%, and 4.3% of the patients had died, had contralateral amputations, and had additional above‐knee amputations, respectively. In the alive patients who had not undergone additional amputation at 2 years, only 25.9% were ambulatory, whereas 51.7% and 22.4% were in wheelchairs and bedridden, respectively. An age ≥80 years and serum albumin <3.0 g/dL were significantly associated with late mortality (P = .032 and P = .042, respectively). In conclusion, the perioperative and long‐term fates after secondary major amputation in CLTI patients who underwent EVT were considerably poor.
Scavenger endothelial cells of fish, a review
Authors: Seternes Tore , Bøgwald Jarl , Dalmo Roy A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe definition of scavenger endothelial cells (SEC) is exclusively based on functional and structural characteristics. The following characteristics are common hallmarks for the vertebrate SEC: (a) All vertebrates examined are furnished with a population of special SEC that plays a role in the catabolism of physiologic and non‐physiologic soluble waste macromolecules. (b) From the ligands that are endocytosed, SEC in all seven vertebrate classes appear to express the collagen α‐chain receptor and the scavenger receptors. In addition, the hyaluronan and the mannose receptors are present on SEC of mammalia (several species) and osteichthyes (e.g., salmon and cod). It is likely that all four receptor types are present in all vertebrate classes. (c) Like liver endothelial cells (LEC) in mammals, SEC in all vertebrate classes are geared to endocytosis of soluble macromolecules, but phagocytic uptake of particles is taken care of mainly by macrophages. (d) The most primitive vertebrates (hagfish, lamprey and ray) carry their SEC in gill vessels, whereas phylogenetically younger fishes (salmon, carp, cod and plaice) carry their SEC in either kidney or heart and in all terrestrial vertebrates—SEC are found exclusively in the liver. (e) SEC of all vertebrates are localized in blood sinusoids or trabeculae that carry large amounts of slowly flowing and O2 poor blood. (f) SEC differs functionally and structurally from what is normally associated with “conventional vascular endothelium.”
Deep eutectic solvent‐based microwave‐assisted extraction of phytochemical compounds from black jamun pulp
Authors: Sharma Maanas , Dash Kshirod K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMicrowave‐assisted extraction of black jamun fruit pulp was conducted under different processing conditions and the phytochemical compounds of the extract were accessed. The extraction method was modeled by an artificial neural network (ANN) by varying microwave power, extraction time, liquid–solid ratio, and water percentage in deep eutectic solvent (DES) in the range of 200–400 W, 240–300 s, 20–50 ml g−1, and 10–40%, respectively. The ANN result showed that microwave power had the highest effect on total phenolic content (TPC) followed by microwave heating duration, water contents in DES, and the solid‐to‐liquid ratio. The water content in DES significantly affected the yield of TPC and TAC and had a positive effect on both the responses. The optimum values obtained from the integrated ANN and genetic algorithm (ANN‐GA) approach for TPC and total anthocyanin content (TAC) were 44.483 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g−1 and 9.682 mg C3G g−1, respectively. The optimum values were attained at a microwave power of 400 W, the water content in DES of 40%, the liquid–solid ratio of 48 ml g−1, and extraction time of 240 s. Integrated ANN‐GA modeling of extraction is vital for selecting the correct extraction method and the industrial scale‐up of the technique.Practical ApplicationsThe research uses a hybrid artificial neural network and genetic algorithm approach to obtain the optimum condition for the extraction of black jamun pulp. The application of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in bioactive compound extraction is an innovative approach for reducing pollution, lowering costs, and enhancing extraction efficiency. The water content of the DES had a positive impact on total phenolic content and anthocyanin content yield. Therefore, the suggested optimization of the extraction process by applying DES would provide increased extract yield within a shorter extraction time with lesser solvents consumption. The anthocyanin compounds extracted can be used in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals.
Predicting height from ulna length for the determination of weight status in New Zealand adolescents: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ng Hwei Min , MacDonell Sue , Yap Jia , Peddie Meredith C. , Scott Tessa , Haszard Jillian Joy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe measurement of height is crucial for weight status assessment. When standing height is difficult to measure, ulna length may offer a convenient and accurate surrogate of height measure. Adolescence is a period of accelerated linear growth; hence, the validation of age‐specific equations that predict height from ulna length in adolescents is warranted. The present study aimed to develop and validate age‐ and sex‐specific equations for predicting height from ulna length in New Zealand adolescents.MethodsHeight, weight and ulna length were measured in 364 adolescents (n = 110 males, n = 254 females) aged 15.0–18.8 years, who were enrolled in the SuNDiAL (Survey of Nutrition Dietary Assessment and Lifestyle) project, a cross‐sectional survey performed in 2019 and 2020. Regression models were used to determine equations to predict height from ulna length. Agreement between measured and predicted height, body mass index (BMI) and BMI z‐score was assessed with intra‐class correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for classifying obesity.ResultsStrong agreement was found between predicted and measured height (ICC = 0.78; mean difference = 0; 95% confidence interval = −0.5 to 0.5 cm) and BMI (ICC = 0.95; mean difference = 0; 95% confidence interval = −0.1 to 0.1 kg m–2). Predicted height was 88.1% accurate when classifiying weight status, showing high sensitivity (93.8%) and specificity (99.4%) for classifying obesity.ConclusionsUlna length measurement can accurately estimate height and subsequently weight status in New Zealand adolescents aged 15–18 years.
Time‐dependent lipid profile inversely associates with mortality in hemodialysis patients – independent of inflammation/malnutrition
Authors: Ebert T. , Qureshi A. R. , Lamina C. , Fotheringham J. , Froissart M. , Eckardt K.‐U. , Wheeler D. C. , Floege J. , Kronenberg F. , Stenvinkel P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with end‐stage kidney disease have an extremely high cardiovascular mortality rate, but there is a paradoxical relationship between lipid profile and survival in haemodialysis patients. To investigate whether inflammation/malnutrition confounds the associations between lipids and mortality, we studied a full lipid profile comprising of five clinically well‐established lipid parameters and its associations with mortality in a large, multinational European cohort with a median follow‐up >3 years.MethodsThe association between quartiles of total, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), non‐HDL, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, as well as triglyceride, levels and the end‐points of all‐cause, cardiovascular and non‐cardiovascular mortality was assessed in a cohort of 5,382 incident, adult haemodialysis patients from >250 Fresenius Medical Care dialysis centres out of 14 participating countries using baseline and time‐dependent Cox models. Analyses were fully adjusted and stratified for inflammation/malnutrition status and other patient‐level variables.ResultsTime‐dependent quartiles of total, HDL, non‐HDL and LDL cholesterol were inversely associated with the hazard for all‐cause, cardiovascular and non‐cardiovascular mortality. Compared with the lowest quartile of the respective lipid parameter, hazard ratios of other quartiles were <0.86. Similar, albeit weaker, associations were found with baseline lipid profile and mortality. Neither time‐dependent nor baseline associations between lipid profile and mortality were affected by inflammation/malnutrition, statin use or geography.ConclusionsBaseline and time‐dependent lipid profile are inversely associated with mortality in a large, multicentre cohort of incident haemodialysis patients. Inflammation/malnutrition is not a confounder nor effect modificator of the associations between lipid profile and mortality in European haemodialysis patients.