bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese Herbal Medicine for diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Yu Ziyang , Zhang Wenfeng , Li Borui , Bao Pengjie , Wang Fengyang , Sun Jian , Song Guojiao , Yin Lu , Nan Zheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications in the development of diabetes mellitus, which has become the main cause of end-stage renal disease and one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients. With the prevalence of diabetes, the number of patients at risk for developing DN is increasing, with 20–40 percent of all patients with diabetes at risk for developing DN. Acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine treatments are often combined to treat DN; however, there has been no meta-analysis on their synergistic effects. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine for DN treatment.

Methods:
Nine electronic databases were retrieved for this study. The English databases mainly retrieved PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, AMED, and the Cochrane Library, while the CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang databases were used to retrieve the Chinese literature. There is no definite time limit for the retrieval literature, and the languages are limited to Chinese and English. We will consider articles published between database initiation and August 2021. We used Review Manager 5.4, provided by the Cochrane Collaborative Network for statistical analysis. Clinical randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine for DN were included in this study. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessments were independently completed by two researchers. We then assessed the quality and risk of the included studies and observed the outcome measures.

Results:
This study provides a high-quality synthesis to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine for treating DN.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide evidence to determine whether acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine is an effective and safe intervention for patients with DN.

Ethics and dissemination:
The protocol of the systematic review does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. This article will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.

Registration number:
INPLASY202180018
Characteristics of lymph node (No.5 and No.6) metastasis and significance of lymph node dissection in Siewert type II esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (AEG)
Authors: Zhang Xu , He Xiao-dong , Zhang You-cheng , Yang Ke-hu , Tian Jin-hui , Chen Yao-long 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background:
To analyze the characteristics, related risk factors, and prognosis of lymph node metastasis (Number [No.] 5 and No.6) in the group of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG).

Methods:
The patients with Siewert II AEG who underwent total gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection from September 2015 to December 2018 in Lanzhou University Second Hospital were enrolled in this study. The pathological features of the postoperative specimens were analyzed (sex, age, maximum diameter, location, depth of invasion, degree of differentiation, neurological and vascular invasion, etc), and the lymph node metastasis rate of No.5, No.6 groups were calculated. The analysis was performed by IBM SPSS statistical software. The risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis in No.5 and No.6 groups were analyzed. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-M method, and survival rate was estimated, Log-rank test was used for comparison, and the difference was statistically significant at P < .05.

Results:
There were 142 cases of Siewert type II AEG with the positive rate of No.5 lymph nodes being 10.81% (8/74), and the positive rate of No.6 lymph nodes was 8.33% (11/132). No.5 and No.6 lymph nodes metastasis were not associated with gender, age, tumor maximum diameter, location (cardiac left/cardiac right) (P > .05), and were associated with invasion depth, differentiation degree, nerve and vascular invasion (P < .05). In the No.5 lymph node-positive group, the 3-year Overall Survival (OS) was 25.0%, and the No.5 lymph node-negative group had a 5-year OS of 57.8%, which was statistically different (P < .05). The 3-year OS was 18.2% in No.6 node-positive group and 53.8% in No.6 node-negative group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05).

Conclusion:
For Siewert type II AEG, the lymph node metastasis rate was higher in No.5 and No.6 groups when the tumor invaded all layers of gastric wall and was poorly differentiated complicated with vascular nerve invasion, and the lymph node metastasis rate was lower at 3 years, which may be more appropriate for total gastrectomy +D2 lymph node dissection.
The impact of COVID-19 on college students’ physical activity
Authors: Ding Yunxia , Ding Song , Niu Jiali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on college students’ physical activity.

Methods:
All cohort studies comparing college students undertaking physical exercise at school before the COVID-19 pandemic and physical exercise at home during the COVID-19 pandemic will be included in this review. We will use index words related to college students, physical exercise, and COVID-19 to perform literature searches in the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and CNKI databases, to include articles indexed as of June 20, 2021, in English and Chinese. Two reviewers will independently select trials for inclusion, assess trial quality, and extract information for each trial. The primary outcomes are exercise frequency, duration, intensity, and associated factors. Based on the Cochrane assessment tool, we will evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies. Revman 5.3 (the Cochrane collaboration, Oxford, UK) will be used for heterogeneity assessment, data synthesis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and funnel plot generation.

Result:
We will discuss the impact of COVID-19 on college students’ physical activity.

Conclusion:
Stronger evidence about the impact of COVID-19 on college students’ physical activity will be provided to better guide teaching practice.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42021262390.
Multiple genetic variants predict the progression-free survival of bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Gao Jie , Li Fang , Liu Zihao , Huang Mengli , Chen Huoming , Liao Guoqing , Meng Jichang , Wang Qing , Zhao Hui , Li Chenxi , Ji Jing , Cai Shangli , Du Nan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bevacizumab (BV) plus chemotherapy is broadly used in advanced ovarian cancer (OC). However, the efficacy of BV-based regimens for advanced OC patients is not satisfactory. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the predictive genetic biomarkers for BV.
Tumor tissues from advanced OC patients receiving BV-based regimens were analyzed with a 150-gene targeted panel for next generation sequencing. The associations between gene alterations or clinicopathology features and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed by Kaplan–Meier curves or Cox regression. The association of the genetic alteration in potential predictive genes and expressions of 11 vascular endothelial growth factor-related genes were analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort using 292 OC cases.
Sixty two Chinese advanced OC patients treated with BV-based therapy were included. The median PFS of was 6.9 months, and objective response rate was 14.5%. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the status of endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) (hazard ratio = 6.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.25–18.13, P < .001) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (hazard ratio = 3.58, 95% CI 1.27–10.08, P = .016) were significantly correlated with PFS. MYC Proto-Oncogene amplification seemed to have a positive trend (hazard ratio = 0.21, 95% CI 0.05–1.02, P = .052). Moreover, EGFR and HER2 alterations were not prognostic factors of overall survival for OC in The Cancer Genome Atlas OC cohort. The vascular endothelial growth factor-related signature analysis indicated vascular endothelial factor A expression was upregulated with EGFR alterations (P = .034) which may be involved in BV resistance, and HER2 alterations were associated with hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha overexpression significantly (P = .029).
EGFR or HER2 alterations are negative predictors of PFS for OC patient treated with BV plus chemotherapy. Therefore, the clinicians may consider to use alternative regimens such as anti-EGFR or anti-HER2 targeted therapy instead of BV-based regimens on these patients when standard care fail.
Role of whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging in evaluation of multiple myeloma
Authors: Wang Jiping , Zhang Bei , Zhang Rongkui , Zhang Li , Jiang Wenyan , Jiang Yaqiu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The evaluation of bone disease in multiple myeloma (MM) is an important topic in imaging. This study retrospectively investigated whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) in the evaluation of bone marrow infiltration and treatment response in MM.
A total of 126 patients with MM who underwent WB-DWI between January 2016 and December 2020 were enrolled. All the patients received 4-course induction chemotherapy. WB-DWI was performed before and after chemotherapy to measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. According to gender and Revised International Staging System (RISS) staging groups, the relationship between ADC value and bone marrow plasma cell infiltration ratio before treatment were explored using Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients. Comparison of ADC values before and after treatment according to different chemotherapy regimens and treatment response was performed by 2-independent samples non-parametric tests and t test.
There was a negative correlation between the ADC value and the degree of bone marrow infiltration and this was statistically significant (r = –0.843, P < .001). In different gender and RISS groups, ADC value before treatment was negatively correlated with the proportion of plasma cell infiltration (male, r = –0.849; female, r = –0.836; Stage I, r = –0.659; Stage II, r = –0.870; Stage III, r = –0.745; all P < .001). The ADC values of all subjects increased to varying degrees after 4-course induction chemotherapy, including different chemotherapy regimens and treatment responses (all P < .05 except for progressive disease group).
The ADC value was negatively correlated with the degree of bone marrow infiltration in different gender and RISS stages. The ADC value increased after treatment, but it was not consistent with progressive disease group. The increase of ADC value may indicate the disease burden and outcome of MM induced chemotherapy.
Primary pleural epithelioid angiosarcoma treated successfully with anti-PD-1 therapy
Authors: Wang Xia , Wei Jianping , Zeng Zhimin , Cai Jing , Lu Zhiqin , Liu Anwen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary pleural angiosarcoma (PPA) is an extremely rare malignancy for which there is no consensus on treatment. The clinical course of PPA is usually quickly fatal, regardless of the treatment used.

Patient concerns:
We describe the rare case of a 52-year-old man who presented initially with hemoptysis and received emergency surgery for the primary.

Diagnoses:
He received a confirmed diagnosis of primary pleural angiosarcoma (PPA) by postoperative pathology and was subsequently treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but had failed and was intolerant to chemotherapy.

Interventions:
The patient had 5% tumor PD-L1 positivity with 22C3 pharmDx and received pembrolizumab (200 mg every 21 days) for 13 cycles.

Outcomes:
The disease remained well controlled according to the RECIST 1.1. criteria. He is currently under observation and waiting to start the next cycle of immunotherapy.

Lesson:
Our case report suggests that the use of anti-PD-1 therapy does show efficacy in the treatment of PPA and may provide a viable treatment option for patients.
Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in the nasal cavity
Authors: Chen Li-Yu , Chang Shih-Lun , Lee Wen-Ying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is a rare but aggressive neoplasm with a poor prognosis and a strong propensity for regional recurrence and distant metastasis. Diagnosis is challenging and relies on immunohistochemical study. Treatment includes surgical resection, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. However, the optimal therapeutic strategy is still controversial. Due to its rarity, the complexity of the histological diagnosis, and the variety of the treatment regimens, we presented a case of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in the nasal cavity with description of the clinical manifestation, pathology features, and our treatment regimen.

Patient concerns:
An 82-year-old female patient with hypertension presented with right epistaxis on and off with nasal obstruction for several days.

Diagnosis:
An exophytic mass over the posterior end of the right inferior turbinate was found on nasopharyngoscope. Biopsy was done and the pathology confirmed small cell carcinoma, strongly positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM-1), scatteredly positive for chromogranin A, synaptophysin and CD56. The final diagnosis was small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of right nasal cavity, pT1N0M0, stage I.

Interventions:
The patient underwent wide excision of right intra-nasal tumor and post-operative radiotherapy with a dose of 6600 cGy in 33 fractions.

Outcomes:
No local recurrence or distant metastasis was noted during the 12 months of follow-up.

Lessons:
Multimodality treatment remains the most common therapeutic strategy, although no proven algorithm has been established due to the rarity of this disease. Further investigation is needed for providing evidence to standardize the treatment protocol.
Analgesic effects of erector spinae plane block can differ according to needle size
Authors: Cho Hobum , Chung Jiwon , Jang Younsil , Song Sanghoon , Yoo Jaehwa , Kim Sangho , Park Sunyoung , Kim Mungyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Unlike brachial plexus block, erector spinae plane block (ESPB) does not target specific nerves, so the analgesic effect may differ depending on the extent of diffusion of local anesthetic. Therefore, needle size, which can affect the diffusion of local anesthetic, may be an important factor in the analgesic effect.

Patient concerns:
Four patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis received vascular surgery due to arteriovenous fistula occlusion. Vascular bypass surgery was performed on the axillary vein.

Diagnoses:
Four patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis were diagnosed with arteriovenous fistula occlusion. One in 4 patients was diagnosed with diaphragm paralysis after ESPB, and the other 3 did not develop diaphragm paralysis.

Interventions:
ESPB was conducted by ultrasound using a 25- or 22-gauge needle at the C7 level. The extent of nerve blockade was determined based on cold sensation, and diaphragm excursion and thickness were measured via ultrasound.

Outcomes:
The analgesic effect was excellent in 2 patients treated using a 22-gauge needle, but was poor in 2 other patients treated with a 25-gauge needle.

Lessons:
ESPB at the C7 level can cause diaphragm paralysis, and needle size may affect the extent of diffusion of local anesthetic.
Integration of quantitative diffusion kurtosis imaging and prostate specific antigen in differential diagnostic of prostate cancer
Authors: Yao Weigen , Zheng Jiaju , Han Chunhong , Lu Pengcong , Mao Lihua , Liu Jie , Wang GuiCha , Zou Shufang , Li Lifeng , Xu Ying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) biomarkers in differentiating prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
A total of 43 cases of prostate diseases verified by pathology were enrolled in the present study. These cases were assigned to the BPH group (n = 20, 68.85±10.81 years old) and PCa group (n = 23, 74.13 ± 7.37 years old). All patients underwent routine prostate magnetic resonance imaging and DKI examinations, and the mean diffusivity (MD), mean kurtosis (MK), and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were calculated. Three serum indicators (PSA, free PSA [fPSA], and f/t PSA) were collected. We used univariate logistic regression to analyze the above quantitative parameters between the 2 groups, and the independent factors were further incorporated into the multivariate logistic regression model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the single indicator and combined model.
The difference in PSA, f/t PSA, MK, and FA between PCa and BPH was statistically significant (P < .05). The AUC for the combined model (f/t PSA, MK, and FA) of 0.972 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.928, 1.000) was higher than the AUC of 0.902 (95% CI: 0.801, 1.000) for f/t PSA, 0.833 (95% CI: 0.707, 0.958) for MK, and 0.807 (95% CI: 0.679, 0.934) for FA.
The MK and FA values for DKI and f/t PSA effectively identify PCa and BPH, compared to the PSA indicators. Combining DKI and PSA derivatives can further improve the diagnosis efficiency and might help in the clinical setting.
Compression Therapy for the Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jia-Xin , Gao Jie , Song Jiang-Yan , Li Hui-Ping , Yang Wen-Juan , Tong Dong-Tong , Zou Yang 
Published: September 2021

Background
Compression therapy is a common method for treating breast cancer–related lymphedema. However, no specific evidence exists to guide practitioners on the morbidity of lymphedema, limb volume, and range of motion.

Objective
The aims of this study were to compare the effects of compression therapy and routine nursing during the treatment of breast cancer–related lymphedema and to provide a basis for better clinical decision-making.

Methods
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched through January 21, 2021. Meta-analysis and description of the outcomes were performed by using the RevMan 5.3 software.

Results
A total of 17 studies were included. A meta-analysis of 13 studies was conducted. The experimental group had a lower morbidity of lymphedema, the difference was significant, and there was no heterogeneity (P < .05; odds ratio, 0.35, I
2 = 31%). There was no significant difference between the experimental group and control group in limb volume, and there was significant heterogeneity (P = .44, mean difference = 4.51, I
2 = 85%). Regarding range of motion, the standardized mean difference of shoulder adduction, shoulder lift, shoulder abduction, and shoulder extension were 1.37, 0.69, 0.56, and 0.87, respectively, and the differences were significant; there was heterogeneity (P < .05, I
2 = 92%).

Conclusions
Compression therapy can reduce the morbidity of lymphedema and improve limb movement, but the effect on limb volume needs to be further explored.

Implication for Practice
In terms of therapeutic effectiveness and limb function, the results provide evidence that physicians can reduce the morbidity of lymphedema, reduce the degree of limb, and increase limb mobility by applying compression therapy.
Cross-Cultural Instrument Adaptation and Validation of Health Beliefs About Cancer Screening
Authors: Lei Fang , Chen Wei-Ti , Brecht Mary-Lynn , Zhang Zuo-Feng , Lee Eunice 
Published: September 2021

Background
The uptake of cancer screening is significantly associated with participants’ health beliefs about cancer screening. Scales measuring health beliefs of cancer screening are available; however, the scales that were developed and validated for the US population may lack cultural appropriateness, which could compromise the reliability and validity of the scales when applied to different ethnic groups or populations.

Objective
The aim of this study was to summarize, analyze, and compare the methods used in the cross-cultural instrument adaptation and validation processes of health beliefs about cancer screening.

Methods
A systematic review design with narrative methods was used. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, were searched.

Results
A total of 18 articles were eligible. Results showed (1) the translation methods included committee translation and back translation, which were further refined by using professional translators, using professional interpreters and/or involving the first author, using bilingual individuals, and involving bilingual investigators; (2) the modification methods included embedded and afterward modification; and (3) the validation methods included testing construct validity, internal consistency reliability, item-total subscale correlations, test-retest reliability, content validity, predictive validity, and face validity.

Conclusions
Back translation and afterward modification were most frequently used for translating existing instruments to another language. Validity and reliability were most frequently established by construct validity, content validity, face validity, predictive validity, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and item-total subscale correlation after instruments were translated.

Implications for Practice
Clinicians should evaluate the translation and adaptation process for translated versions of instruments before using them to provide culturally appropriate and sensitive care.
The Association of Self-esteem With Caregiving Demands, Coping, Burden, and Health Among Caregivers of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Yang Yesol , Romine William , Oyesanya Tolu O. , Park Hyeyoung K. , Hendrix Cristina C. 
Published: September 2021

Background
We investigated how caregiver self-esteem was associated with caregiving demands, coping, burden, and health.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate how caregiver self-esteem is associated with caregiving demands, coping, burden, and health.

Methods
Sixty-one caregivers of breast cancer patients were selected from a study conducted at a cancer clinic in the Southeastern region of the United States. Guided by the revised Stress and Coping Theory, a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data was conducted. We used structural equation modeling to analyze paths between caregiver self-esteem and caregiving demands (ie, hours spent on caregiving), coping, burden, and health.

Results
Caregivers who effectively coped with stressful situations through strategies such as positive thinking, seeking social support, and problem solving were more likely to have higher levels of self-esteem; in turn, higher levels of self-esteem decreased caregiver burden and improved caregiver overall health.

Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of self-esteem among caregivers of breast cancer patients. Additional research is needed to provide more insight into the influence of coping strategies on caregiver self-esteem, as well as the role of caregiver self-esteem on caregivers’ and patients’ well-being.

Implication for Practice
Healthcare providers need to consider caregiver self-esteem and other associated caregiver characteristics to identify caregivers at risk of higher perceived levels of burden and poor overall health.