bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness and Attitude Towards Periodontology as a Career among Postgraduates in Tamil Nadu - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Vilas Komal , Kanakamedala Anilkumar , Ari Geetha , Mahendra Jaideep , Rajendran Sathish , Namasivayam Ambalavanan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Knowledge of postgraduates’ expectations of their profession as well as their attitude toward studying a particular speciality of dentistry is of great importance. These attitudes and expectations make studying dentistry meaningful to postgraduates and society and understanding these factors facilitate workforce planning in the dental sector. The aim of the study was to assess the attitude and knowledge among postgraduates of periodontology studying in Tamil Nadu toward periodontology as a future career.

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 175 postgraduates belonging to the third year, second year, and first year studying in 22 institutions were approached for their participation in the survey. A 10-item close-ended questionnaire was sent out electronically via Google form to postgraduates of periodontology. This study was carried between March 2022 and April 2022 and after collecting the data from the students, the statistical analysis was done, and results were obtained by using SPSS Version 16 software, and descriptive statistics were expressed as percentage of responds on selected variables.

Results:
A total of 164 of the 175 registered postgraduate students participated in the study, with an overall response rate of 93.7%. Among 164 respondents, 98 (59.7%) were females and 66 (40.3%) were males. Among the total sample that was studied, it was observed that only two-thirds (58.23%) of the respondents had a positive attitude toward selecting periodontology as their future career and nearly one-third of them (33.52%) had a neutral attitude, with very few students having negative attitude (8.23%) toward the speciality.

Conclusion:
This study found that most of postgraduates choosing periodontics as a career was because of strong interest in implantology and to improve their skills as a surgeon. There was a slighter negative impact when they were asked about fulfilling their role in future research strategy and opportunity for professional growth in the Department of Periodontology when selecting periodontics as their speciality of choice.
Effects of pregnancy on the clinical course and treatment outcomes of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease
Authors: Cherukuri Navya , Murthy Somasheila I , Tyagi Mudit 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To describe the clinical course and treatment outcomes of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease during pregnancy.

Methods:
This retrospective study compares the clinical course and outcomes in pregnant and nonpregnant women with VKH. All VKH patients who were pregnant at presentation or on follow up and age-matched nonpregnant female controls during the study period (2013–2022) were included. Their best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clinical presentations, and treatment outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
Among the 532 female VKH patients, nine (1.7%) were included. Thirty nonpregnant patients were included as control. At presentation, the mean age in the study group was 26 years ± 6.48 standard deviation (SD) compared to the control group (mean 25.1 years ± 3.04). The mean BCVA was comparable between the two groups at presentation (study group 1.35 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] vs. control group 0.76 logMAR; P = 0.05) and the final follow-up (study group 0.65 logMAR vs. control group 0.35 logMAR; P = 0.15). Participants with anterior segment inflammation (study group 77.7% vs. control group 70%; P = 0.65), the disease stage (early-stage VKH: study group 88.8% vs. control group 73.3%; P = 0.33), and disease exacerbation (study group 33.3% vs. control group 26.6%; P = 0.69) were all comparable between the study and control groups. Following treatment, 66.6% and 46.6% of the study and control groups, respectively, had sunset glow fundus (P = 0.29). At the last follow-up, 44.4% and 26.6% of the study and control groups, respectively, had subretinal fibrosis (P = 0.31).

Conclusion:
Though pregnancy is an immunomodulatory state, the clinical course of VKH in pregnant patients can be similar to that of nonpregnant women and needs close monitoring and follow-up.
The effect of antifungal oral gel and ozonated water on tensile and compressive strength of two types of denture base materials: in-vitro study
Authors: Alloush Noha T. , Ibraheem Eman M. , Dehis Wessam M. 
Published: December 2024

Background/aim
Debris accumulation beneath the dentures initiates countless difficulties such as inflamed oral mucosa and denture stomatitis. Denture stomatitis is a prevalent pathologic illness that is commonly linked to Candida albicans. Accordingly, treatment requires applying effective anti-inflammatory and antifungal medicaments that do not negatively influence the properties of denture base materials. Antifungal oral gel and ozonated water have quite an impact on inhibiting Candida albicans growth and treating denture stomatitis, so they have been selected in this research. This study aimed to compare the effect of antifungal oral gel and ozonated water on the tensile and compressive strengths of poly methyl metha acrylate (PMMA) and Nylon or polyamide denture base materials.

Patients and methods
This study was carried out for two types of denture base materials; group I PMMA and group II Nylon or polyamide. Total samples for both groups were 160 and fabricated following American Dental Association specifications No.12 for assessing tensile and compressive strengths. For each group (80 samples each group), the compressive strength was measured before (10 samples each) and after (10 samples each) the application of antifungal oral gel (10 samples each), and ozonated water (10 samples each), overnight for 15 days for each. Also, the tensile strength was measured for each group before (10 samples each) and after (10 samples each) the application of antifungal oral gel (10 samples each) and ozonated water (10 samples each) overnight for 15 days for each. Comparison between pre and post measurements was accomplished by Paired t-test, while comparison between heat-cure PMMA and nylon was carried out by using an Independent t-test.

Results
PMMA was significantly affected by ozonated water regarding compressive (P =0.0001) and tensile (P =0.0001) strength while antifungal oral gel had a significant effect only on the tensile strength (P =0.0001) but not the compressive strength (P =0.57). Both antifungal oral gel (P =0.7) and ozonated water (P =0.75) have insignificant effects on the compressive strength of nylon denture base material and also insignificant effect on tensile strength of nylon denture base material (P =0.16) for ozonated water and (P =0.37) for antifungal oral gel.

Conclusion
Ozonated water could adversely impact both the compressive and tensile strength of PMMA denture base material and the antifungal oral gel could affect only its tensile strength. Ozonated water and antifungal oral did not affect the compressive and tensile strength of the nylon denture base material.
Evaluation of the protective role of ellagic acid in retinal degeneration: an experimental model
Authors: Mousa Eman E. , Elsaied Aziza A. , Murad Mohammad M. , Ibrahim Amal E. 
Published: December 2024

Background/aim
Ellagic acid (EA) is widely recognized as a natural compound with pharmacological potency as a polyphenolic molecule, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and antiproliferative characteristics. The present study aims to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of EA in retinal degeneration induced experimentally in rabbits.

Material and methods
A total of 27 male white New Zealand rabbits, with an average weight ranging from 1.5 to 2 kg, were divided into three groups (nine each). Group I served as the control group, while group II and group III, the macular degeneration (MD) induction groups that received a single intravitreal injection of sodium iodate (SI). Following the injection, group III was given 50 mg/kg of EA powder for 21 days, starting immediately after MD induction. Ophthalmic examinations of the retinas were conducted on days 7, 14, and 21 using a fundus camera, followed by electroretinogram (ERG) recording after MD induction. Apoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-7 activities in the retina tissues were also measured postdecapitation.

Results
The results showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in electroretinogram ‘a- and b-waves’ following intravitreal SI injection in group II and III comparing with control group. The pattern of internucleosomal fragmentation, indicating apoptosis, was time-dependent. The injection also increased relative caspase-3 and caspase-7 activity. However, group III of rabbits that is treated with EA exhibited noticeable improvements in these outcomes in comparing with group of MD-induced rabbits.

Conclusions
The administration of EA demonstrated a notable impact in improving the retina’s function, and decreased the apoptosis levels in MD model of rabbits
Detection of Lactoferrin and Iron in Seminal Plasma and Their Possible Relation to Semen Parameters and Infertility in Varicocele: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mahran Ali Mohamed , Abd-Almalak Marilyn Sameh , Helbawi Fatma Mohammed , Mekkawy Marwa Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Male infertility emerges as an important cause during the evaluation of infertile couples. Varicocele is a well-known cause of male infertility. The role of seminal lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein, in male fertility is unclear and needs further investigation. Recently, it has been linked to some sperm abnormalities and subfertility.

Aim:
This study aims to detect seminal lactoferrin levels in infertile men with varicocele and their relation to semen parameters and fertility status. We investigated a possible link between seminal lactoferrin and iron.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted through the outpatient clinic.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-five individuals were included in 3 groups (33 infertile men with varicocele, 25 infertile men without varicocele and 17 fertile participants without varicocele). Conventional semen analysis was conducted, and seminal plasma was obtained in all groups to detect lactoferrin and iron levels.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 24.

Results:
In infertile men with varicocele, seminal lactoferrin (155.92 ± 8.4 ng/ml, P = 0.296) and iron levels (260.71 ± 38.3 μg/dl, P = 0.409) were not significantly different from other groups. There was a positive correlation between seminal lactoferrin, iron levels and sperm concentrations and counts. Seminal iron and lactoferrin were significant independent predictors of sperm concentration. A negative correlation was reported between seminal lactoferrin levels and age. Lactoferrin in seminal plasma was not correlated with seminal iron.

Conclusion:
Infertile men with varicocele have seminal lactoferrin levels comparable to other infertile men and possibly fertile individuals. Iron concentrations are not linked to lactoferrin levels in seminal plasma.
A extrema direita ganha a cena política: os Estados Unidos na virada dos séculos XX ao XXI.
Authors: Junqueira Mary Anne 
Published: December 2024

Originalmente preparado para Conferência de Encerramento do Congresso da ANPHLAC, em julho de 2024, o texto é tentativa de discutir alguns elementos que levaram a extrema direita dos Estados Unidos deixarem as margens para assumir o centro da cena política no século XXI. Entre eles destacam-se, em âmbito global, a crise do neoliberalismo; na esfera nacional, o crescimento dos grupos extremistas e o surgimento do movimento Tea Party que tomou o Partido Republicano, levando à ascensão da extrema direita e pavimentando o caminho de Donald Trump à presidência do país.
Total Migrasi Monomer Bisfenol pada Pangan Kemasan: Kajian Meta-Analisis
Authors: Arpah Muhammad , Hikma Nur , Salsabila Nadira , Hanifah Aliya , Ardiansyah Ananda 
Published: December 2024

Bisfenol merupakan monomer kimia yang banyak diaplikasikan dalam berbagai jenis kemasan pangan. Bisfenol utamanya bisfenol A (BPA) dan bisfenol F (BPF) dapat bermigrasi dari kemasan kaleng minuman ringan dan ikan tuna serta kemasan botol plastik polikarbonat (PC) dan polietilena tereftalat (PET). Batas toleransi (TDI) BPA awal menurut European Food Safety Authority adalah 50 µg/kg berat badan per hari dan direvisi Kembali menjadi 0,2 ng/kg berat badan per hari di tahun 2023. Kajian meta-analisis ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat migrasi bisfenol pada minuman ringan kemasan kaleng, kaleng tuna dengan medium garam dan minyak serta air minum di botol PC dan PET. Migrasi BPA dan BPF di minuman ringan kemasan kaleng masing-masing mencapai 1310 ng/L dan 64 ng/L. Nilai migrasi BPA lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan BPF pada jenis kemasan minuman kaleng. Adapun migrasi BPA pada kaleng tuna dengan medium garam dan minyak bernilai sama besar yaitu 197 ng/L. Level migrasi BPA pada botol air minum PC paling tinggi adalah 6452,80 ng/L sementara pada botol PET mencapai 269,87 ng/L. Meski demikian nilai rata-rata migrasi BPA lebih tinggi terjadi pada botol air minum jenis PET.
El alojamiento escolar y la expansión de la Educación Común en el campo argentino (1882-1939)
Authors: Montenegro Guadalupe 
Published: December 2024

En Argentina, las políticas implementadas con el objetivo de expandir la educación común fueron desafiadas por la extensión territorial y la dispersión poblacional característica de las regiones rurales. A fin de salvar estos obstáculos, desde mediados del siglo XIX se ensayaron distintas modalidades organizacionales, cuya conveniencia fue ampliamente debatida hasta entrado el siglo XX.
Este artículo describe el proceso histórico de emergencia de una de estas modalidades, el alojamiento escolar destinado a niños y niñas residentes en las regiones rurales dispersas, así como los argumentos que se esgrimieron a favor y en oposición. Para ello, se analizan documentos correspondientes al período 1880-1938; las publicaciones realizadas en la revista El Monitor de la Educación Común y actas de sesiones legislativas elaboradas durante el tratamiento de normativas específicas.
El alojamiento escolar no fue contemplado en las normativas nacionales decimonónicas que regularon la educación común, por lo que su funcionamiento se reglamentó posteriormente, a fines de la década de 1930, con la aprobación de la Ley de Protección a los Niños en Edad Escolar. El consenso producido en torno a esta modalidad de escolarización se produjo en el marco de la persistencia del analfabetismo y del impacto de la crisis económica y social, que se agudizó a partir de 1929, e hizo que ingresaran nuevos elementos al debate. En este proceso se esgrimieron argumentos vinculados con los efectos formativos de estas instituciones, la factibilidad de su desarrollo, el arraigo de la población en el campo y la asistencia social de la niñez pobre.
Role of Preoperative Chlorhexidine Bathing in Prevention of Surgical Site Infections among Women Undergoing Obstetric and Gynecological Procedures
Authors: Babar Rukhsana , Rabia Arshad  , Sadia Salman  , Arooj Hammad  , Nida Basharat  , Sumaira Asif  
Published: December 2024

Objective: To evaluate the role of preoperative bathing with chlorhexidine solution in reducing surgical site infections among women undergoing obstetric and gynecological operative procedures.
Results: Surgical site infection rate (SSI) was significantly low in preoperative bathing with chlorhexidine group 1 (0.32%) as compared to non-bathing group 2 (1.89%). The clinical characteristics like diabetes, emergency and previous surgery patients showed statistically significant SSI rate in patients who did not take bath as compared to bath group.
Conclusion: Our study showed that chlorhexidine pre-operative bath is safe for SSI prevention. however further research analysis is required for its role in clean surgery before implementing it in health policy especially in developing countries.
A PRÁTICA EXPERIMENTAL NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA: UMA PESQUISA DE CAMPO COM ALUNOS DE UMA ESCOLA ESTADUAL NO MUNÍCIPIO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA-BAHIA
Authors: Leal Débora Araújo , Rebouças Patrícia Santos 
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo traz uma abordagem sobre o Ensino Médio e a Química, onde foram discutidos sobre a química e seus benefícios, bem como a importância do Ensino de Química. A Química é uma das ciências mais belas e relevantes que pode-se encontrar ao nosso redor, pois nos permite descobrir a importância de todos os elementos que nos rodeiam, além de nos dar ensinamentos sem valor quantitativo que são extremamente admiráveis para podermos. ver a vida de maneira diferente. Diante disso, se tem como Objetivo Geral “Analisar as contribuições dos conhecimentos da química como estratégia para a aprendizagem significativa e disseminação de saberes”. Quanto a abordagem do problema foi quantitativa, do ponto de vista dos seus objetivos é uma pesquisa descritiva; dos procedimentos técnicos, bibliográfica e campo com amostra de 20 discentes. Obteve-se resultados importantes que contribuiu para que fosse compreendida a importância de uma aprendizagem significativa em química.
Yếu tố nguy cơ mắc sùi mào gà của nam giới đến khám nam khoa tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội năm 2023
Authors: Phương Hoàng Thị , Bắc Nguyễn Hoài 
Published: December 2024

Sùi mào gà (SMG) là bệnh lây truyền qua đường tình dục. Trên thế giới đã có nhiều nghiên cứu đánh giá các yếu tố nguy cơ làm tăng tỷ lệ mắc SMG tuy nhiên ở Việt Nam lại chưa nhiều nghiên cứu nói về chủ đề này. Do vậy, nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục tiêu tìm hiểu một số yếu tố nguy cơ gây mắc SMG. Kết quả đánh giá trên 157 bệnh nhân. Không có sự khác biệt nhiều về đặc điểm nhân khẩu học giữa nhóm bệnh và nhóm chứng. Nam giới sống ở thành thị, đang hút thuốc, không sử dụng bao cao su khi quan hệ tình dục và quan hệ tình dục qua đường hậu môn có tỷ lệ mắc sùi mào gà cao hơn với p < 0,05. Như vậy, sống ở thành thị, hút thuốc, không sử dụng bao cao su khi quan hệ tình dục và quan hệ tình dục qua đường hậu môn là yếu tố nguy cơ làm tăng khả năng mắc SMG.
Effects of shock wave therapy on erectile dysfunction – a pilot study
Authors: Rujna Krzysztof Maciej , Chochowska Małgorzata , Kubisz Leszek 
Published: December 2024

Introduction and objectiveErectile dysfunction has become an increasingly common issue and is predictive of various cardiovascular and mental conditions. This study focuses on low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT), which is recognised by the European Association of Urology as an adjunct to first-line treatment for erectile function. Li-ESWT can be an alternative to or complement pharmacotherapy (phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors). It is painless, non-invasive, and safe for the patient, as confirmed by numerous studies.Material and methodsThe study included a group of 40 men receiving Li-ESWT treatment once a week. Treatment parameters were established based on the Motil algorithm following a qualifying appointment and exclusion of contraindications. Patients were assessed three times: before, immediately after, and six months post-treatment, using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 Questionnaire (IIEF-5).ResultsThe pre-treatment IIEF-5 score in the study group was 12.6 ± 3.9 increased to an average of 18.0 ± 3.4 points after treatment. Six months post-treatment, a further increase was noted to an average score of 18.9 ± 4.1 – statistically significant differences (p <0.05). A negative correlation was observed between the duration of erectile dysfunction and the results before treatment (−0.3526; p <0.05 – average correlation), immediately after (−0.0777; p <0.05 – low correlation), and six months after (−0.5180; p <0.05 – high correlation) the end of treatment. A positive correlation was observed between pre-treatment IIEF-5 scores and results immediately after treatment (0.6113; p <0.05 – high correlation) and six months (0.5207; p < 0.05 – high correlation) after the end of treatment (p <0.05). A negative correlation was observed between the number of shock wave pulses and IIEF-5 scores obtained before (−0.6963; p <0.05 – high correlation), immediately after (−0.5885, p <0.05 – high correlation), and six months after the end of treatment (−0.6884, p <0.05 – high correlation).Conclusions1. Low-intense extracorporeal shock wave therapy improves erectile function in patients with erectile dysfunction. 2. Positive effects on erectile function, as assessed by IIEF-5, were observed immediately after treatment and persisted at six-month follow-up. 3. Erectile dysfunction duration negatively affected IIEF-5 scores before, immediately after, and six months post-treatment. 4. Patient age had no impact on IIEF-5 scores at the end of the treatment and at six-month follow-up.
The effects of vitamin D levels and supplementation on oral health – review
Authors: Suski Piotr , Tokarczuk Oskar Dominik , Ziomko Bartłomiej , Wójcik Alicja , Szalewski Leszek 
Published: December 2024

WstępWitamina D odgrywa główną rolę w wielu procesach biologicznych, w tym w regulacji gospodarki wapniowofosforanowej, wzmacnianiu odpowiedzi immunologicznej i stymulacji mineralizacji tkanek twardych. Niedobór witaminy D dotyczy nawet 30% dzieci w krajach rozwiniętych i występuje zwłaszcza w okresie jesienno-zimowym. Obniżone stężenie witaminy D jest powiązane m.in. ze zwiększoną aktywnością próchnicy, w tym ciężką postacią próchnicy wczesnego dzieciństwa.Materiał i metodyPrzegląd literatury przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem bazy danych PubMed. Analizowane prace obejmowały badania różnych pod względem wieku, szerokości geograficznej i statusu socjoekonomicznego grup.WynikiZa optymalne stężenie witaminy D uznaje się co najmniej 75 nmol/l. Jej niedobory są powiązane z wieloma schorzeniami ogólnoustrojowymi, w tym z próchnicą zębów. U dzieci z próchnicą wczesnego dzieciństwa obserwuje się niższe stężenie witaminy D, co zwiększa ich podatność na próchnicę. Odpowiednie stężenie witaminy D wpływa korzystnie na mineralizację szkliwa oraz zwiększa wydzielanie śliny i zawartość wapnia, co chroni przed działaniem kariogennych mikroorganizmów. Istnieją również dowody na wpływ stężenia witaminy D u matek na ryzyko wystąpienia próchnicy u ich dzieci.WnioskiWitamina D odgrywa kluczową rolę w prewencji i leczeniu próchnicy zębów, zwłaszcza u dzieci. Promowanie suplementacji witaminy D, zgodnie z polskimi wytycznymi, może znacząco zmniejszyć ryzyko wystąpienia tej choroby. Badania nad polimorfizmami genowymi otwierają nowe perspektywy dla indywidualizacji profilaktyki próchnicy. Monitorowanie stężenia witaminy D u przyszłych matek może również przyczynić się do zmniejszenia ryzyka rozwoju próchnicy u ich potomstwa. Konieczne są dalsze badania, aby lepiej zrozumieć mechanizmy wpływu witaminy D na zdrowie jamy ustnej i opracować szczegółowe rekomendacje dotyczące suplementacji.