bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic testing for feline panleukopenia in a shelter setting: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Jacobson Linda S , Janke Kyrsten J , Giacinti Jolene , Weese J Scott 
Published: April 2021

Objectives The aim of this study was to optimize the diagnosis of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) infection in a shelter setting by: (1) comparing the results of the canine parvovirus IDEXX SNAP Parvo (SNAP) point-of-care ELISA with a commercial FPV quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) test; (2) assessing whether vomit and anal/rectal swabs could be used for early diagnosis; and (3) clarifying the interpretation of weak-positive SNAP test results. Methods The study included shelter cats and kittens with incomplete or unknown vaccination history that had clinical signs suspicious for feline panleukopenia and fecal SNAP and PCR tests performed within 24 h of onset. Feces, anal/rectal swabs and vomit were tested using SNAP and PCR, with fecal PCR utilized as the reference standard. Results One hundred and forty-five cats were included. Seventeen were diagnosed with FPV infection and 62 were negative; 66 could not be individually designated because they were co-housed. Sensitivity was as follows: fecal SNAP 55% (n = 102; 95% confidence interval [CI] 32–77); swab SNAP 30% (n = 55; 95% CI 7–65); swab PCR 77% (n = 55; 95% CI 46–95); and vomit PCR 100% (n = 17; 95% CI 16–100). Specificity was high (96–100%) for all sample and test types. For PCR-positive fecal samples, true-positive SNAP tests (including weak positives) had significantly higher DNA viral copy numbers than false-negative SNAP tests ( P = 0.0031). Conclusions and relevance The SNAP ELISA should be viewed as an initial diagnostic test to rule in feline panleukopenia. Positive fecal SNAP test results, including weak positives, are highly likely to be true positives in clinically affected animals. Negative results in clinically affected animals are unreliable and should be followed up with PCR testing.
Capsular closure versus unrepaired interportal capsulotomy after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement: results of a patient-blinded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bech Niels H , Sierevelt Inger N , de Waard Sheryl , Joling Boudijn S H , Kerkhoffs Gino M M J , Haverkamp Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Background: Hip capsular management after hip arthroscopy remains a topic of debate. Most available current literature is of poor quality and are retrospective or cohort studies. As of today, no clear consensus exists on capsular management after hip arthroscopy. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of routine capsular closure versus unrepaired capsulotomy after interportal capsulotomy measured with NRS pain and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS). Materials and methods: All eligible patients with femoroacetabular impingement who opt for hip arthroscopy ( n = 116) were randomly assigned to one of both treatment groups and were operated by a single surgeon. Postoperative pain was measured with the NRS score weekly the first 12 weeks after surgery. The HAGOS questionnaire was measured at 12 and 52 weeks postoperatively. Results: Baseline characteristics and operation details were comparable between treatment groups. Regarding the NRS pain no significant difference was found between groups at any point the first 12 weeks after surgery ( p = 0.67). Both groups significantly improved after surgery ( p < 0.001). After 3 months follow-up there were no differences between groups for the HAGOS questionnaire except for the domain sport ( p = 0.02) in favour of the control group. After 12 months follow-up there were no differences between both treatment groups on all HAGOS domains ( p  > 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this randomised controlled trial show highest possible evidence that there is no reason for routinely capsular closure after interportal capsulotomy at the end of hip arthroscopy. Trial Registration: This trial was registered at the CCMO Dutch Trial Register: NL55669.048.15.
Lifespan of peripheral intravenous short catheters in hospitalized children: A prospective study
Authors: Elizabeth Gómez-Neva Maria , Alonso Rondon Sepulveda Martin , Buitrago-Lopez Adriana 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To estimate the recommended lifespan of 223 peripheral intravenous accesses in pediatric services. Method: In this cohort study, we monitored the time of intravenous catheter between insertion and removal in children aged up to 15 years old in a Hospital from Bogotá-Colombia. The routine catheter observations was registered in questionnaires during nursing shifts. Survival analyses were performed to analyze the lifespan of the catheter free of complications. Results: The median lifespan of peripheral intravenous catheters without complications was 129 h (IQR 73.6–393.4 h). This median time free from complications was much lower for children ⩽1 year 98.3 h (IQR 63–141 h), than for participants aged >1 year 207.4 h (IQR 100–393 h). Catheters of 24 G (gauge) caliber had a median complication free time of 128 h (IQR 69–207 h) and 22 G calibers 144 h (IQR 103–393 h). Conclusions: In this study, 75% of peripheral indwell catheters remained free from complications for 74 h, the other extreme 25% of these patients could remain up to 393 h.
Risk factors for catheter related thrombosis during outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy
Authors: Ingram Paul R , Kilgarriff Sinead , Grzelak Michael , Jackson Gavin , Carr Peter , Boan Peter , Italiano Claire , Dyer John , Raby Edward 
Published: April 2021

Background: Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) delivery using peripherally inserted central catheters is associated with a risk of catheter related thrombosis (CRT). Individualised preventative interventions may reduce this occurrence, however patient selection is hampered by a lack of understanding of risk factors. We aimed to identify patient, infection or treatment related risk factors for CRT in the OPAT setting. Methods: Retrospective case control study (1:3 matching) within OPAT services at two tertiary hospitals within Australia. Results: Over a 2 year period, encompassing OPAT delivery to 1803 patients, there were 19 cases of CRT, giving a prevalence of 1.1% and incidence of 0.58/1000 catheter days. Amongst the cases of CRT, there were nine (47%) unplanned readmissions and two (11%) pulmonary emboli. Compared to controls, cases had a higher frequency of malposition of the catheter tip (4/19 (21%) vs 0/57 (0%), p = 0.003) and complicated catheter insertion (3/19 (16%) vs 1/57 (2%), p = 0.046). Conclusions: Although CRTs during OPAT are infrequent, they often have clinically significant sequelae. Identification of modifiable vascular access related predictors of CRT should assist with patient risk stratification and guide risk reduction strategies.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Management and Treatment Outcome at Medical Ward of Shashemene Referral Hospital, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Taye Getu Melesie , Bacha Amente Jorise , Taye Fetene Abeje , Bule Mohammed Hussen , Tefera Gosaye Mekonen 
Published: April 2021

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most common and yet potentially life-threatening acute complication of diabetes that progresses rapidly to death and requires immediate medical intervention. Objective: To assess the DKA management and treatment outcome/in-hospital mortality and its predictors among hospitalized patients with DKA at the Medical ward of Shashemene Referral Hospital (SRH). Method: A retrospective study was conducted at the Medical Ward of SRH from 01 February 2015 to 31 January 2017. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study subjects based on the inclusion criteria. Thus, of 236 reviewed charts, only 225 patients with DKA fulfilled inclusion criteria. Treatment outcome was considered good for patients who have shown improvement at discharge, while poor for patients who left against medical advice or died in the hospital. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine independent predictors for treatment outcome/in-hospital mortality using SPSS version 20 with statistical significant at P ⩽ .05. Results: Of 225 patients with DKA, 124 (55.1%) were male. Regular insulin was prescribed to all patients and antibiotics were administered to 87 (38.7%). Potassium supplementation was given only for 28 (12.4%). Non-adherence to insulin treatment (n = 91; 40.4%) and infection (n = 66; 29.3%) were the principal DKA precipitating factors. Even though 73.8% of hospitalized patients with DKA have shown good treatment outcomes, DKA contributed 12% in-hospital mortality. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis shown that hypoglycemia is the only independent predictor for in-hospital mortality[ P = .03]. Moreover, the independent predictors for poor DKA treatment outcome were found to be smoker [ P = .04], Urinary tract infection (UTI) relative to other co-morbid condition [ P < .001], severe hypokalemia which increase risk of poor treatment outcome by around 4 times [ P = .02], and use of Metronidazole as a concurrent medication relative to other concurrent medication [ P = .03]. Conclusion: There was a high in-hospital mortality rate due to correctable causes. This mortality is unacceptable as it was majorly related to the poor practice of potassium supplementation and hypoglycemia due to insulin. Thus, clinicians and stakeholders should have to focus on modifiable factors (hypokalemia, UTI, and hypoglycemia) to reduce poor treatment outcome/in-hospital mortality.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese Parent Version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale: Rasch analysis
Authors: Yan Weili , Siegert Richard J , Zhou Hao , Zou Xiaobing , Wu Lijie , Luo Xuerong , Li Tingyu , Huang Yi , Guan Hongyan , Chen Xiang , Mao Meng , Xia Kun , Zhang Lan , Li Erzhen , Li Chunpei , Zhang Xudong , Zhou Yuanfeng , Shih Andy , Fombonne Eric , Zheng Yi , Han Jisheng , Sun Zhongsheng , Jiang Yong-hui , Wang Yi 
Published: April 2021

The recent adaptation of a Chinese parent version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale showed the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale to be reliable and valid for use in China. The aim of this study was to test the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale for fit to the Rasch model. We analysed data from a previous study of the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale which comprised 1593 non-cases and 420 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. We used super items based on groups of locally dependent items and item deletion when necessary to achieve good fit to the model for each of the three subscales identified by Zhou et al. and for the full 59-item Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale. The resulting conversion tables enable the use of genuine unidimensional, interval level scores for the total score and three subscales. Reliability was high with Person Separation Index values ranging from 0.83 to 0.89 for the three subscales and 0.79 for the total scale. In addition, we were able to identify a full-scale version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale and its three subscales that are all free of differential item functioning in relation to the five person factors recorded namely age, sex, caseness, relative and city. In future studies, the Teacher version of the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale needs examination with Rasch analysis. Lay abstract The Autism Spectrum Rating Scale is a behavioural rating scale completed by parents and teachers that is useful for identifying children with an autism spectrum disorder. The development of a modified Autism Spectrum Rating Scale suitable for use in China is important for the identification of children in China with an autism spectrum disorder. In this study, we examined the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale using a statistical technique known as Rasch analysis. Rasch analysis tests whether the questionnaire meets the standards for modern scientific measurement. We used Rasch analysis to examine data from 2013 children in China including 420 diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder who had been rated by a parent or grandparent. After removing a small number of items (questions), the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale met the stringent criteria for Rasch measurement. The availability of a reliable and precise tool for assessing behaviours characteristic of an autism spectrum disorder in Chinese children will improve the identification and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in China, thus enabling better provision of support services.
The Effectiveness of Qigong in Managing a Cluster of Symptoms (Breathlessness-Fatigue-Anxiety) in Patients with Lung Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Molassiotis Alex , Vu Dau Van , Ching Shirley Siu Yin 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: Qigong is used by cancer patients, but its effect is not adequately evaluated to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Qigong for the management of a symptom cluster comprising fatigue, dyspnea, and anxiety in patients with lung cancer. Methodology: A total of 156 lung cancer patients participated in this trial, and they were randomized to a Qigong group (6 weeks of intervention) or a waitlist control group receiving usual care. The symptom cluster was assessed at baseline, at the end of treatment (primary outcome), and at 12 weeks, alongside measures of cough and quality of life (QOL). Results: There was no significant interaction effect between group and time for the symptom cluster overall and for fatigue and anxiety. However, a significant trend towards improvement was observed on fatigue ( P = .004), dyspnea ( P = .002), and anxiety ( P = .049) in the Qigong group from baseline assessment to the end of intervention at the 6th week (within-group changes). Improvements in dyspnea and in the secondary outcomes of cough, global health status, functional well-being and QOL symptom scales were statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P = .001, .014, .021, .001, and .002, respectively). Conclusion: Qigong did not alleviate the symptom cluster experience. Nevertheless, this intervention was effective in reducing dyspnea and cough, and improving QOL. More than 6 weeks were needed, however, for detecting the effect of Qigong on improving dyspnea. Furthermore, men benefited more than women. It may not be beneficial to use Qigong to manage the symptom cluster consisting of fatigue, dyspnea, and anxiety, but it may be effective in managing respiratory symptoms (secondary outcomes needing further verification in future research). Future studies targeting symptom clusters should ensure the appropriateness of the combination of symptoms. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02977845. Registered November 30, 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02977845?term=Qigong&cond=Lung+Cancer&draw=2&rank=1
Infection Prevention and Control in Liberia 5 Years After Ebola: A Case Study
Authors: Ridge Laura Jean , Stimpfel Amy Witkoski , Klar Robin Toft , Dickson Victoria Vaughan , Squires Allison Patricia 
Published: April 2021

Background: Effective management of health emergencies is an important strategy to improve health worldwide. One way to manage health emergencies is to build and sustain national capacities. The Ebola epidemic of 2014 to 2015 resulted in greater infection prevention and control (IPC) capacity in Liberia, but few studies have investigated if and how that capacity was sustained. The purpose of this study was to examine the maintenance of IPC capacity in Liberia after Ebola. Methods: For this case study, data were collected via direct observation of nurse practice, semistructured interviews, and document collection. Data were collected in two counties in Liberia. Data were analyzed using directed content and general thematic analysis using codes generated from the safety capital theoretical framework, which describes an organization’s intangible occupational health resources. Findings: Thirty-seven nurses from 12 facilities participated. Ebola was a seminal event in the development of safety capital in Liberia, particularly regarding nurse knowledge of IPC and facilities’ investments in safety. The safety capital developed during Ebola is still being applied at the individual and organizational levels. Tangible resources, including personal protective equipment, however, have been depleted. Conclusions/Application to Practice: IPC capacity in Liberia had been sustained since Ebola but was threatened by under-investments in physical resources. Donor countries should prioritize sustained support, both financial and technical, in partnership with Liberian leaders. Occupational health nurses participating in disaster response should advocate for long-term investment by donor countries in personal protective equipment, access to water, and clinician training.
Petasin and isopetasin reduce CGRP release from trigeminal afferents indicating an inhibitory effect on TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor channels
Authors: Kleeberg-Hartmann Johanna , Vogler Birgit , Messlinger Karl 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Butterbur root extract with its active ingredients petasin and isopetasin has been used in the prophylactic treatment of migraine for years, while its sites of action are not completely clear. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is known as a biomarker and promoting factor of migraine. We set out to investigate the impact of petasins on the CGRP release from trigeminal afferents induced by activation of the calcium conducting transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) of the subtypes TRPA1 and TRPV1.

Methods
We used well-established in vitro preparations, the hemisected rodent skull and dissected trigeminal ganglia, to examine the CGRP release from rat and mouse cranial dura mater and trigeminal ganglion neurons, respectively, after pre-incubation with petasin and isopetasin. Mustard oil and capsaicin were used to stimulate TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor channels. CGRP concentrations were measured with a CGRP enzyme immunoassay.

Results
Pre-incubation with either petasin or isopetasin reduced mustard oil- and capsaicin-evoked CGRP release compared to vehicle in an approximately dose-dependent manner. These results were validated by additional experiments with mice expressing functionally deleted TRPA1 or TRPV1 receptor channels.

Conclusions
Earlier findings of TRPA1 receptor channels being involved in the site of action of petasin and isopetasin are confirmed. Furthermore, we suggest an important inhibitory effect on TRPV1 receptor channels and assume a cooperative action between the two TRP receptors. These mechanisms may contribute to the migraine prophylactic effect of petasins.
Bilateral renal angiomyolipomas in tuberous sclerosis
Authors: Jawaid Bushra , Qureshi Abdul Hafeez , Ahmed Nadeem , Yaqoob Nousheen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by benign hamartomas in multiple organs of the body. Renal angiomyolipomas (AML) are commonly associated with TSC. They are mostly asymptomatic. But large and rapidly growing AMLs with the presence of an aneurysm cause symptoms and pose a life-threatening risk for hemorrhage.

Case presentation
Our patient is a 25-year-old female who presented to us as an undiagnosed case of tuberous sclerosis having a large abdominal mass. She fulfilled the clinical criteria required for the diagnosis of TSC. The CT scan revealed an 18 × 13 × 33 cm fat-containing lesion in the right kidney with an adjacent aneurysm measuring around 16 cm in diameter. Due to the large size of the AML and associated aneurysm, surgical exploration was mandated. On the contralateral kidney, multiple contrast-enhancing soft-tissue densities were present that appeared suspicious on radiology. So a percutaneous biopsy of those lesions was done. Fortunately, it had the same histopathology as an Angiomyolipoma. Nephrectomy of the right-sided kidney with AML has been done. The left-sided lesions that are less than 2 cm and asymptomatic are kept on close surveillance. Any change in size will prompt therapy with mTOR inhibitors.

Conclusion
When dealing with bilateral renal AML, it is important to adopt a conservative approach. When intervention is indicated, the least invasive strategy should be sought and enacted. Radical surgery should be the last resort.
Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of cultivars and wild species of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam)
Authors: Xiao Shizhuo , Xu Pan , Deng Yitong , Dai Xibin , Zhao Lukuan , Heider Bettina , Zhang An , Zhou Zhilin , Cao Qinghe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) is an important food crop. However, the genetic information of the nuclear genome of this species is difficult to determine accurately because of its large genome and complex genetic background. This drawback has limited studies on the origin, evolution, genetic diversity and other relevant studies on sweetpotato.

Results
The chloroplast genomes of 107 sweetpotato cultivars were sequenced, assembled and annotated. The resulting chloroplast genomes were comparatively analysed with the published chloroplast genomes of wild species of sweetpotato. High similarity and certain specificity were found among the chloroplast genomes of Ipomoea spp. Phylogenetic analysis could clearly distinguish wild species from cultivars. Ipomoea trifida and Ipomoea tabascana showed the closest relationship with the cultivars, and different haplotypes of ycf1 could be used to distinguish the cultivars from their wild relatives. The genetic structure was analyzed using variations in the chloroplast genome. Compared with traditional nuclear markers, the chloroplast markers designed based on the InDels on the chloroplast genome showed significant advantages.

Conclusions
Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of 107 cultivars and several wild species of sweetpotato was performed to help analyze the evolution, genetic structure and the development of chloroplast DNA markers of sweetpotato.
Primary pancreatic hydatid cyst: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wu Yilei , Gong Jun , Xiong Wei , Yu Xiaojiong , Lu Xiangyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Hydatid cysts are parasitic zoonoses that often occur in the liver. Pancreatic hydatid cysts are very rare and are usually misdiagnosed as pancreatic cystadenomas. At present, surgical resection combined with albendazole administration is the standard treatment for pancreatic hydatid cysts. However, making accurate preoperative diagnoses and avoiding intraoperative cystic rupture are challenges for surgeons.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old woman from the pastoral area presented to the surgical office complaining of abdominal pain and new-onset jaundice that began 9 days earlier. An enhanced computed tomography scan demonstrated a 6.0 × 5.3 cm pancreatic head cystic mass that compressed the common bile duct and induced choledochectasia. The preoperative diagnosis was pancreatic head cystadenoma, and laparotomic pancreaticoduodenectomy was initiated successfully. The intra- and postoperative diagnosis was pancreatic hydatid cyst. The patient was discharged uneventfully 7 days after the operation. A 1-year course of albendazole (15 mg/kg/day) was admitted.

Conclusion
Pancreatic hydatid cysts are rare and often misdiagnosed as other types of cysts. History of living in an area in which the causative organism is endemic and positive anti-echinococcus IgG antibody status could help with the diagnosis. Radical resection combined with oral albendazole administration is the standard treatment for pancreatic hydatid cysts. Avoiding perioperative cystic rupture and abdominal echinococcosis implantation metastasis is crucial for the success of the operation.