bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Care of Acutely Unwell Ward Patients: A Multiple Case Study
Authors:   , Quirke Sara Jane Michaela 
Published: November 2021

<p>Suboptimal care of acutely unwell ward patients is of growing concern internationally. As empirical study of the problem is underdeveloped this thesis explores factors affecting suboptimal care of acutely unwell ward patients. In order to bring a theoretical understanding to this area, a concept analysis of the term suboptimal care was undertaken. The results of this concept analysis were then used to inform the design and analysis of this multiple case study. The cases for this study were two general surgical and two general medical wards located in two hospitals in the North Island of New Zealand. Interviews and focus groups with nurses, doctors, and managerial staff were undertaken using a semi structured interview approach informed by the concept analysis. Organisational and ward documentation was also reviewed. Using categorical aggregation and pattern matching, an analytical framework emerged from the data. This framework was then used to conduct within, cross case, and hospital analyses. Key findings of this research reveal that workload, teamwork, communication, leadership, skills and knowledge deficit, and organisational systems and processes are significant factors affecting care of acutely unwell ward patients and that these factors are not unique to specific contexts. Polarised views about workload were expressed by those who manage organisations and those who deliver care at ward level. Current approaches to improving care of the acutely unwell ward patient have involved the introduction of service initiatives. However, this study demonstrates that service initiatives alone are insufficient to improve care for acutely unwell ward patients. Recommendations from this study are that strategies should be put in place to support and develop clinical shift leaders and that staffing resources should be reviewed in the context of contemporary acute care settings. These must be informed by the views of organisational managers and ward staff leading to an integrated hospital-wide understanding of factors affecting care of the acutely unwell ward patient.</p>
The Influences of Performers and Composers on Selected Violin Works of Johannes Brahms
Authors:   , Lee Joanna 
Published: November 2021

<p>Joseph Joachim was the most influential violinist in Brahms’s life. Not only did the pair have a close personal friendship, but they also admired and respected each other on a professional level. Their high esteem and appreciation for each other led to performance and compositional collaborations. One of the most beloved and well-known works of Brahms’s violin music, the Violin Concerto, was dedicated to Joachim. Indubitably, Joachim influenced the Violin Concerto. Regardless, there are many debates on how much of an input Joachim had on the concerto. In order to examine the influences of performers and composers on selected violin works of Johannes Brahms, the three sections in this paper will investigate Joachim and Brahms, then discuss the importance of a performer-composer’s relationship in the 19th century and, finally, assess the amount of Joachim’s influence on the Brahms Violin Concerto. Each category will have an introduction and information presented in a biographical form, a historical form and musical analysis. Some of the following analysis may be hypothetical, yet, a possibility. Further part of my research will conclude with a recital programme consisting of the Beethoven Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 61, I. Allegro Ma Non Troppo, Brahms Sonata No. 3 in D minor, Op. 108, Sonatensatz/Scherzo movement of the F-A-E Sonata, and Hungarian Dances No. 1, 5 and 7. This will take place on June 18, 2011 in the Adam Concert Room at New Zealand School of Music at 10:30 A.M.</p>
Poverty Diagnostics in the Philippines: Assessing Impacts of Programs through Generalised Linear Models (GLMs)
Authors:   , Bancolita Joel E. 
Published: November 2021

<p>The Philippines is a country where a quarter to one-third of the population is poor. Although the nation has managed to lower poverty incidence in some years, its booming population increases the poor population dramatically. This is why alleviating poverty is a pinnacle program in the country. In aid of poverty alleviation endeavor, this study focuses on assessing which programs had been effective in alleviating poverty given other family characteristics. Aside from descriptive methods, employing Generalised Linear Models (GLMs) and categorical data analysis are the focus in analysing the effects of existing intervention programs on status of improvement and income of families. In addition, varying effects of programs depending on values of other covariates are also analysed. Descriptive analysis and modeling are applied on the panel data of families. Intervention programs namely scholarship, Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) and government housing or other housing financing program (GHFP) have been run together with other family characteristics to describe improvement in welfare and income. Interaction effects, between access to intervention programs and other aspects of the family, have been derived to give a richer picture of the phenomenon. The study has come to conclude that the programs are indeed effective in improving lives of families, with some effects varying on some levels of other explanatory variables.</p>
The Synthesis of Carbohydrates for the Treatment of Disease
Authors:   , Dangerfield Emma Marie 
Published: November 2021

<p>In this thesis I investigated two aspects of glycobiology. In the first, I investigated the potential of α-GalCer analogues to be used in cancer immunotherapy. Two 4-deoxy α-GalCer analogues, with either a sphinganine or a sphingosine base, were synthesised using a convergent strategy. The α-GalCer sphinganine derivative was synthesised in 14 steps from D-arabinose, and in an overall 13% yield. The α-GalCer sphingosine analogue was synthesised in 13 steps also in 13% yield. Biological analysis revealed that both 4-deoxy analogues possessed comparable activity to α-GalCer in mice, however demonstrated significantly reduced hNKT cell activity. The reduced activity was attributed to species-specific differences in iNKT cell glycolipid recognition rather than reduced CD1d presentation. From these results we suggest that glycolipids developed for potent CD1d-iNKT cell activity in humans should contain a ceramide base with the 4-hydroxyl present. The second part of this thesis focused on protecting group free methodology for the synthesis of sugar mimetics that have proven potential as glycosidase inhibitors. In this work I developed an efficient, high yielding and diastereoselective strategy for the synthesis of a number of five and six membered azasugars. This strategy utilises two novel reaction methodologies. The first enabled the stereoselective formation of cyclic carbamates from olefinic amines, the transition states controlling the stereoselectivity during this reaction are discussed. The second reaction facilitated the synthesis of primary amines without the need for protecting groups, the scope of this reductive amination methodology is also investigated. The five membered azasugars 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-Dxylitol, 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-L-lyxitol, 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-L-xylitol and 1,2,4-trideoxy-1,4-imino-L-xylitol were prepared in 5 steps, in good overall yields (57%, 55%, 54% and 48% respectively), and without the need for protecting groups. The six membered azasugar DGJ was prepared over six steps in 33% yield using similar methodology. The synthesised compounds were also tested for anti-tubercular activity using a BCG alamar blue assay.</p>
Celebrating Difference: Architectural Conflation within an Urban Fabric
Authors:   , Anderson Casey 
Published: November 2021

<p>Celebrating Difference questions New Zealand’s current civic architecture, and the way we will design these environments in the future. This thesis explores various cultural literary precedents supported by two detailed case studies and a civic scale architectural design project. Firstly, this thesis explores a global stance on multi-culture and difference and investigates a contemporary breakdown of difference, culture and multiculturalism. The reader is then taken through a journey of New Zealand’s civic history, with an emphasis on cultural and social climates, and their acknowledgement or celebration through architectural discourse. Multicultural Australia, Bernard Tschumi’s metaphorical consumption and a literal exploration of food’s contribution in the civic arena are all literary examples examined within the research with an emphasis on re-direction and possibly unseen correlations within civic scale design. These examinations are to question an international field of cultural architectural discourse and identify events and forms that contribute to cultural celebration. The two case studies examined are Federation Square, Melbourne city and Wellington’s CBD, in New Zealand. These studies highlight each space’s exhibition of cultural celebration and aid in defining key characteristics that encourage cultural celebration through architecture. The hypothesis aligns the study’s key findings with the design project, Architectural Conflation within an Urban Fabric. This correlative piece identifies human similarity as a critical point of understanding in the equation of difference. When similarity is acknowledged, a closeness is formed allowing a greater understanding of human difference to be achieved – doesn’t make good sense. A re-discovery of Raw Foods, Landscape and Materiality are determined as key architectural attributes that aid in creating environments that celebrate difference through architectural discourse.</p>
Us & Them: Being at a Residential School, Perspectives from Students, Staff and Whanau
Authors:   , London Porsha 
Published: November 2021

<p>Residential special education for students with diverse learning needs continues to be one of the most complex and contested areas on the education spectrum. This thesis explores a live-in boarding school for girls with special learning, social, emotional, and behavioural needs. The participants view was sought to understand the value placed on the school by those who use and provide the services. The methodological approach was a case study design underpinned by a constructivist paradigm. Twelve participants volunteered to be interviewed. The participants were made up from three stakeholder groups these were teachers, residential workers, students‟ and parents/whānau. An inductive content analysis procedure was used to identity four overarching themes. Overall, all stakeholders thought the school served a purpose and they strongly support a continuum of services, including special residential schools. However, there is clearly a stigma attached to the school, which seems to be a barrier to the school operating in a more inclusive way. This setting the participants believed was more inclusive for the girls as they did not experience the marginalization of the mainstream.</p>
A Different Shade of Pink: Literary Thresholds and Cultural Intersections in Italian Chick Lit
Authors:   , Balducci Federica 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis investigates the Italian production of chick lit, a particular segment of contemporary women’s popular fiction developed in the mid 1990s in Anglophone countries. A worldwide phenomenon born out of Helen Fielding’s Bridget Jones’s Diary (1996) and the HBO TV show Sex and the City (1998), chick lit novels portray the professional, emotional and sentimental anxieties of white, middle-class, heterosexual and financially independent women in a witty and humorous tone. The arrival of chick lit and its successful translation into Italian in the late 1990s has prompted many local writers to engage with the genre, but the growing body of chick lit written in Italian and its place in the cultural and literary landscape have yet to be assessed. This thesis explores recurring themes, narrative strategies and stylistic features deployed in Italian chick lit novels not only against their Anglo-American models, but also in relation to Western popular media culture and the Italian tradition of romanzo rosa, its cultures and practices as well as its legacy. It shows the presence of distinct intertextual patterns in dealing with key generic features, such as the identification with the female protagonist and her journey toward self-empowerment, the relationship with consumerism and popular media culture, and the humorous style. This thesis also assesses the nature of chick lit as both a literary genre and a sociocultural phenomenon across countries and languages through theoretical perspectives of cultural studies and feminist theories on women’s popular culture and Western popular postfeminism.</p>
The Landscape of Empire: the Place of Landscape in 19th Century Colonial Novels
Authors:   , Gordon Rebecca Leah 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis presents a comparative research study of four novels published within two years of 1881 in four colonies of the Victorian Empire. The novels are Waitaruna: A Story of New Zealand Life by Alexander Bathgate from New Zealand, Gathered In by Catherine Spence from Australia, Neville Trueman: The Pioneer Preacher, a Tale of the War of 1812 by W. H. Withrow from Canada, and finally The Story of an African Farm by Olive Schreiner from South Africa. These novels were chosen because of their close publication dates. My purpose is to compare the depictions of landscape in each novel. The purpose of this study is to discover the depiction of landscape in the novels and the effect of the landscape on the characters. Because the authors were writing as English subjects in a non-English setting, they each had to engage differently with the landscape in their novel, depicting the settler experience of colonising the new country. Each novel’s portrayal of landscape is analysed using the text and placed into the historical context of the colony and the literary development of the colony. The findings of all four novels are compared to identify the differences and similarities discovered in the initial analysis. These final chapters show that landscape was closely tied with the settlers’ conceptions of religion, the treatment of the indigenous people, and settler experience in the particular colonies as represented by these authors. The importance of this thesis and the comparative study at the end is that my study gives an in depth analysis of four novels from four different colonies that have previously not been compared. The selection of the novels based solely on date of publication makes the comparison all the more interesting because these novels were not chosen due to their content, so the similarities and differences of the novels point out the similarities and differences of the authors’ literary portrayals of the colonies in a comparison study that has not yet been done.</p>
Evolution and Recovery: Adaptable Housing Reconstruction in Post Disaster Scenarios
Authors:   , Shearer Liam 
Published: November 2021

<p>Every year disasters affect hundreds of millions of people, causing damage that can take months or years to recover from. The reality of carrying out the processes of reconstruction and recreating functionality is a complex and difficult task; too often it is measured in a time period of several years. The issue to be addressed through this research is the response of the built (or rebuilt) environment to the requirements of people who have been displaced following a major disaster. This thesis develops a building typology and process that can adapt to the changing requirements of the stages of the redevelopment process in a post‐disaster scenario. The research focuses on natural disasters, more vulnerable populations and regions and specifically on housing reconstruction. It explores the idea of a solution that can be applied widely, to many different climates and contexts; the research question then amounts to ‘can a solution be created that can ‘evolve’ to meet the needs at each stage of a post disaster reconstruction scenario?’ The thesis explores existing post‐disaster response and reconstruction models and discusses the focuses and priorities of each. The requirements of displaced people are studied, in terms of response by the built environment, and the benefits of staged development versus end product discussed. The roles that major groups, such as local authorities and NGOs, play in orchestrating the reconstruction process are discussed as well as the important, and sometimes overlooked, role that those affected by the disaster may have. The discussion and research then informs the design proposal. Four sites are selected and used as parameters for developing the built response to the first stage of reconstruction. The selected sites are then used to show how a generic shelter may first be adapted to be suitable for a specific climate and context and then how they may be added to and grown to become permanent and suitable housing for the displaced people. The staged redevelopment process from a partially generic emergency deployment presented in this thesis can provide a solution, or framework for a solution, to many of the problems raised by the research and here, but it cannot be a solution by itself; architecture or design in post‐disaster scenarios must be supported and driven heavily by planning and management from local, national and international sources to be successful and fully realised.</p>
Understanding the Congruence Between Teacher Intention and Student Learning Outcome
Authors:   , Rush Perry 
Published: November 2021

<p>Research into what takes place between the instructional intent of a teaching act and students’ experience of the same act is central to better understanding teaching and learning. In this case study, individual teacher and student interviews, qualitative observation and textual analysis were used to compare teacher intention with student learning outcome, to judge congruence between the two. The study, in a large urban primary school, focused on two classrooms of students from 9-­‐13 years old. Congruence between teacher intention and student learning outcome, was examined over five consecutive lessons that aimed to achieve a particular outcome. It was found that teachers’ and students’ explanatory context was influential. In particular, the alignment between conceptions of learning informing teacher intention and task was significant. Where the conceptions aligned, there was greater congruence. Where there was a disjuncture, congruence was compromised. In addition teacher knowledge of curriculum content, the pervasiveness of task perception and the impact of outcome space was material. The study highlights an opportunity for further research into the congruence between teacher intention and student learning outcome where deep conceptions of learning inform instructional intent and into the impact of teacher belief systems on the conceptions of learning held.</p>
The Early Quaternary Marine to Terrestrial Transition of the Southeastern Wairarapa, New Zealand
Authors:   , Nowland Sam Winiata 
Published: November 2021

<p>This study examines the final emergence of the southeastern Wairarapa within a sequence stratigraphic framework. New exposures of the Pleistocene marginalmarine Hautotara Formation, and non-marine Te Muna Formation allow facies to be detailed and sequence architecture to be analysed. Cyclicity observed within the facies successions of the Hautotara and Te Muna formations are placed in a series of four motifs. These motifs record 40 kyr glacioeustatic cyclicity superimposed upon the basinward to landward progression of the environments, showing the region shallowing through time. The positions of the top of the Pukenui Limestone and the base of the Hautotara Formation are revised, and are now at the top of the “Pukenui C” - a widespread marker bed, which also removes a historical nomenclatural gap. The recognition of the significance of the coccolith Gephyrocapsa sinuosa within the underlying Pukenui Limestone allows this contact to be dated at 1.73 Ma. The ~1.6 Ma age limit provided by a number of tephra within the lower sediments of the Te Muna Formation allow the ages of the examined formations to be constrained further. The eight 40 ka cycles identified within the Hautotara Formation suggests deposition between 1.73 and 1.42 Ma. The Hautotara - Te Muna Formation is revealed to be diachronous, with the base of the Te Muna Formation type section shown to be much younger, 1.12 Ma, than the 1.58 Ma age of the lower contact observed elsewhere in the region. A series of palaeogeographic reconstructions at 1.73, 1.58 and 1.57 Ma demonstrate how closely related sedimentation patterns are to structural growth, with marginal-marine Hautotara Formation sedimentation persisting in the centre of the study area well after the initiation of Te Muna Formation terrestrial deposition to the north and south of this site.</p>
In Victory, Defeat: Olivia Manning’s Balkan and Levant Trilogies and Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour
Authors:   , Hawcroft Frank 
Published: November 2021

<p>Olivia Manning's Balkan and Levant trilogies (1960-65, 1977-80) and Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour trilogy (1952-61) are sequences of historical novels set during the Second World War. This thesis compares and contrasts these sequences as conservative fictional voices from a period of social and literary transition. My first chapter discusses how ideas of heroism and sacrifice prove outmoded and unsupported by institutions during the war. Particularly in Waugh's trilogy, but to a lesser extent also in Manning's sequence, models of heroism taken from past texts—such as colonial adventure stories—are shown to be inadequate. Heroism is only possible on a small scale and involves moral compromises. The second chapter considers the treatment of being English outside England. Depictions of foreign countries are considered in the context of the fading of the British Empire and British global power. Colonial life is attractive in a nostalgic sense but is problematic in the present. Episodes about Jewish refugees in both sequences are discussed as symbolising defiance of the entropy of imperial decay as well as attempts to find post-imperial models for intervention. The third and final chapter examines the uses of literature and culture in the novels and how they hint at ways out of the historical binds discussed in the first two chapters. Literature and the teaching of literature have a propagandistic function but also subvert this function by offering escape from the realities of wartime. I also touch on the connection between literary creativity and the subversion of gender roles. I argue that while these sequences construct a generally negative perspective on social changes during the war, this is not unchallenged by subversive undercurrents such as these. The conservative Catholic morality of Waugh's trilogy contrasts with Manning's willingness to raise questions about gender, class and colonialism, but in both authors' works the war is presented as a time in which initially optimistic ideals and hopes are disappointed, while the validity of these ideals in the first place is also questioned.</p>