bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smoking cessation intervention in Australian general practice: a secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gobarani Rukshar K , Zwar Nicholas A , Russell Grant , Abramson Michael J , Bonevski Billie , Holland Anne E , Paul Eldho , Cox Narelle S , Wilson Sally , George Johnson 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundGPs have limited capacity to routinely provide smoking cessation support. New strategies are needed to reach all smokers within this setting.AimTo evaluate the effect of a pharmacist-coordinated interdisciplinary smoking cessation intervention delivered in Australian general practice.Design and settingSecondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) conducted in 41 Australian general practices.MethodIn all, 690 current smokers were included in this study: 373 from intervention clinics (n= 21) and 317 from control clinics (n= 18). A total of 166 current smokers had spirometry-confirmed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the intervention clinics, trained pharmacists provided smoking cessation support plus Quitline referral. Control clinics provided usual care plus Quitline referral. Those with COPD in the intervention group (n= 84) were referred for home medicines review (HMR) and home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HomeBase), which included further smoking cessation support. Outcomes included carbon monoxide (CO)-validated smoking abstinence, self-reported use of smoking cessation aids, and differences between groups in readiness-to-quit score at 6 months.ResultsIntention-to-treat analysis showed similar CO-validated abstinence rates at 6 months in the intervention (4.0%) and control clinics (3.5%). No differences were observed in readiness-to-quit scores between groups at 6 months. CO-validated abstinence rates were similar in those who completed HMR and at least six sessions of HomeBase to those with COPD in usual care.ConclusionA pharmacist-coordinated interdisciplinary smoking cessation intervention when integrated in a general practice setting had no advantages over usual care. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect of HMR and home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on smoking abstinence in smokers with COPD.
Study of Cataract in Relation to Axial Length and Refractivity of the Eye
Authors: Sharma Surabhi , Tripathy Satyaswarup , Rizvi Syed Ali Raza 
Published: January 2021

Aim: To ascertain the association between different types and densities of age-related cataract with axial length and refractive state of the eye.Methods: This prospective observational institute-based study enrolled 462 eyes of 450 patients aged 40 years or older. Eyes were classified as myopic (axial length, >25 mm), emmetropic (axial length, 21-25 mm), and hypermetropic (axial length, <21 mm). Refractive error was defined as myopia (spherical equivalent, <-0.5 D) and hypermetropia (spherical equivalent, >+0.5 D). Cataract was categorised as nuclear, cortical, or posterior subcapsular. Nuclear density was measured based on the Emery and Little Classification after slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Student t test for unpaired samples and Fisher and Yates tables were used to analyse statistical significance.Results: Emmetropia was the most common condition (417 eyes). The most common cataract combination was nuclear with posterior subcapsular (n = 198; 44%). In the axial myopia group, nuclear cataract was thecommonest type, alone or in combination with other types (n = 33; 100%). Most eyes had refractive error of 0 to -5 D. The grade of nuclear cataract increased with increasing age (n = 48 for grade IV nuclear cataract in the 70 to 79 years age group). In all age groups, a higher grade of nuclear sclerosis was significantly associated with axial length (t = 2.2; p < 0.05). The relationship was also significant for posterior subcapsular cataract (t = 2.7; p < 0.05).Conclusions: Nuclear cataract leads to a myopic shift in refraction. In otherwise healthy eyes, there is a gradual hypermetropic shift. The prevalence and grade of nuclear cataract increases with age. Longer axial length is associated with a higher grade of nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract.
Use of Non-ophthalmic Ultrasound for Evaluation of Retinal Detachment in Patients with Opaque Media
Authors: Kongsap Pipat , Kongsap Nuanrat 
Published: January 2021

Aim: To examine the accuracy of non-ophthalmic ultrasonography for detecting retinal detachment in eyes with opaque media.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a 1-year period. Eyes with opaque media in the form of a mature cataract, occluded pupils, or vitreous haemorrhage that precluded visualisation of the fundus were examined using non-ophthalmic ultrasound to detect retinal detachment. The clinical findings reported by the ophthalmologist were compared with the radiologist’s assessment.Results: Of the 95 eyes of 94 patients enrolled in the study, 86 had mature cataract, 7 had vitreous opacity, and 2 had eye trauma. Fifteen eyes (15.8%) showed evidence of posterior segment pathology on ultrasonography, with underlying conditions of retinal detachment (n = 7; 7.4%), posterior vitreous detachment (n = 5; 5.3%), asteroid hyalosis (n = 1; 1.1%), a vitreous traction membrane attached to the optic disc (n = 1; 1.1%), and intraocular foreign body (n = 1; 1.1%). Using non-ophthalmic ultrasonography, retinal detachment was detected in all 7 eyes, to achieve a sensitivity of 100% (95% confidence interval, 56-100%) and a specificity of 99% (95% confidence interval, 92-99%).Conclusions: Non-ophthalmic ultrasound is highly accurate for excluding retinal detachment, and may have a role in diagnosing retinal detachment in patients presenting with opaque media.
Subretinal crystalline lens – an unusual complication of blunt trauma
Authors: Nagaraj Kalpana Badami , Tirumale Srilatha , Sriprakash K S , Savitha C S , Jayadev Chaitra 
Published: January 2021

We describe the case of a 65-year-old Indian male with a subretinal crystalline lens; an unusual complication of blunt trauma. The patient underwent a three port pars plana vitrectomy during which the subretinal location of the crystalline lens under the inferior giant retinal tear was confirmed. The lens was maneuvered into the vitreous cavity and appropriately managed.
Evaluation of the prevalence and severity of xerophthalmia in head and neck cancers patients undergoing curative radiotherapy
Authors: V Sowmya , Jayachander Dipika , Kamath Vijna , Rao Mithun SK , Tonse Mohammed Raees , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath 
Published: January 2021

Background: The study objective was to assess the development of xerophthalmia [dry eye syndrome (DES) or keratoconjunctivitis sicca] in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.Methods: Twenty two head and neck cancer patients requiring more than 60 Gy of curative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy and ten patients requiring radiotherapy/ chemoradiotherapy for treating cancers in the non head and neck regions (like breast, oesophagus, prostate, cervix and rectal cancers) were also enrolled in the study. The development of DES was studied at the beginning (day 0, before the start of radiotherapy) at day 21 (after completion of 30 Gy) and on completion of the treatment (> 60 Gy). As a comparative cohort, people with non head and neck cancer needing curative radiotherapy were also evaluated for comparison.Results: There was no difference in degree of DES between the Head and Neck cancer cohorts and non head and neck group at the beginning of treatment. However there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between the two groups at both mid and end of RT time point. Inter comparison between the various time points in the head and neck cancer group showed that the incidence of DES increased with the radiation exposure and was significant (pre to mid p < 0.001; and mid to end p < 0.005). A negative (r = -0.262) correlation was seen between DES and distance.Conclusions: The study showed that lesser the distance from the epicenter of the radiation to the orbital rim more was the severity of DES.
Prevalence of ocular surface disease in patients with glaucoma on topical medications
Authors: Pai Vijaya , Reddy L Satya Hareesh 
Published: January 2021

Aim: To compare the prevalence of ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients using antiglaucoma medications vs normal subjects.
Design: Prospective observational study.
Methods: A total of 94 patients with glaucoma on topical medications were included in the study group. Age- and gender-matched normal subjects (n = 94) formed the control group. They were assessed for OSD using ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear break-up time (TBUT), Lissamine green staining, and Schirmer’s test.
Results: The prevalence of OSD was significantly more in the study group (72.4%) when compared to controls (44.6%) using the OSDI questionnaire. Schirmer’s test showed 84% patients had decreased tear production in the study group vs 53% in controls. TBUT was abnormal in 67.1% of the study group and of 47.8% controls. Lissamine green staining was positive in 36.2% of patients in the study group and 31.8% of controls.
Conclusion: OSD was more common in patients using intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering drugs than in controls. Long-term therapy and multiple medications were associated with severe OSD.
Parasitismo in vitro de Trichoderma asperellum contra Rhizoctonia solani y Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Solórzano Arroyo José Arturo 
Published: January 2021

Parasitismo in vitro de Trichoderma asperellum contra Rhizoctonia solani y Fusarium oxysporum. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la actividad antagónica de 23 aislamientos del hongo Trichoderma asperellum, sobre los hongos fitopatógenos Rhizoctonia solani y Fusarium oxysporum aislados de plantas de arroz y tomate respectivamente. Se utilizaron 23 aislamientos de Trichoderma asperellum y un aislamiento de cada fitopatógeno. Se emplearon placas Petri con medio de cultivo PDA para realizar las pruebas de parasitismo, mediante la técnica de enfrentamientos duales.
Para evaluar el nivel de parasitismo se utilizó la escala de Bell. Se realizó un ANDEVA y la comparación de medias mediante la prueba de Tukey con un 95% de confianza. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0.0001) entre tratamientos con Rhizoctonia solani. Un 17% de los tratamientos de Trichoderma, INTA-H-4, INTA-H-5(b), INTA-H-7(b), e INTA-H-35 (b,c) lograron parasitar en pocos días al fitopatógeno, con un valor de 1 en la escala de Bell; otro grupo de aislamientos lograron un parasitismo parcial con valores entre 2 y 3 en la escala.
Los aislamientos INTA-H-1(a) e INTA-H-1(b), INTA-H-12(1), INTA-H-12(a) e INTA-H-34(a), que incluyó productos comerciales y recolectados en campo, no mostraron una patogenicidad in vitro eficiente contra R. solani. No se determinaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con F. oxysporum. Este patógeno logró mantenerse en el medio de cultivo sin que ningún aislamiento de Trichoderma asperellum lo parasitara por completo, obteniéndose únicamente grados de parasitismo entre 2,2 y 3.5 en la escala de Bell.Palabras clave: Antagonismo, porcentaje de inhibición, control biológico, micoparasitismo.Keywords: Antagonism, percent Inhibition, biocontrol, mycoparasitism.
W cieniu problemu granicznego. Polska a proces jednoczenia Niemiec w latach 1989–1990
Authors: Jarząbek Wanda 
Published: January 2021

The period during which both German states underwent unification was a difficult one for relations between Poland and Germany. The authorities in Warsaw, represented by a government with a non-communist prime minister at its head, expected to be able to obtain an unambiguous declaration regarding the acknowledgement of the border by the RFG as fixed and irrevocable, which, in view of the changes under way in Poland and in Europe, was becoming an urgent.Initially, attempts were made, with a view to clarifying the doubts, on a bilateral basis. To Warsaw, it was incomprehensible that the German side would be reluctant to make an unambiguous declaration, perceived as such in Warsaw. Then, with the collapse of the Berlin Wall, the events in the GDR and Chancellor H. Kohl’s unveiling of his plan for German unification, the vision of unification drawing ever closer, Warsaw thus become aware of the necessity to internationalise the issue of unification, e.g., by using the CSCE structures, and was also seeking international support for the unambiguous solution of the border issue. In order to avoid any ambiguities related to the status of the border on the Odra and Nysa Łużycka Rivers, and referring to the decisions taken by the Potsdam Conference, as well as having in mind the legal position of the FRG, according to which, any decisions regarding the borders may be made by the government of united Germany and settled in a peace treaty, Warsaw wanted a peace treaty or a legal settlement of equal rank, acknowledged to be equivalent to the peace settlement set forth in the Potsdam Treaty, to be signed with Germany. Not all Warsaw’s demands were taken into account. United Germany was, however, placed under an obligation to sign a border treaty with Poland. After the process of German unification was completed, the Polish side was left with the impression that Warsaw had fought the battle for the border successfully.
Comparison of characteristics of thin-film transistor with In2O3 and carbon-doped In2O3 channels by atomic layer deposition and post-metallization annealing in O3
Authors: Kobayashi Riku , Nabatame Toshihide , Onaya Takashi , Ohi Akihiko , Ikeda Naoki , Nagata Takahiro , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Ogura Atsushi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Characteristics of thin-film transistors (TFTs) with amorphous In2O3 (InO1.2) and carbon-doped In2O3 (InO1.16C0.04) channels by post-metallization annealing (PMA) process were investigated. The InO1.2 TFT changed from metallic to switching behavior after PMA at 200 °C. In contrast, the InO1.16C0.04 TFT exhibited superior properties such as a threshold voltage (V
th) of 3.2 V and a high mobility of 20.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 at PMA 150 °C because of the reduction of excess oxygen vacancies. A large negative V
th shift was observed for the InO1.2 TFT for 10 800 s in N2 under zero bias voltage while there was no V
th change for the InO1.16C0.04 TFT.
Polycrystalline defects—origin of leakage current—in halide vapor phase epitaxial (001) β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes identified via ultrahigh sensitive emission microscopy and synchrotron X-ray topography
Authors: Sdoeung Sayleap , Sasaki Kohei , Kawasaki Katsumi , Hirabayashi Jun , Kuramata Akito , Kasu Makoto 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Identification of the killer defects is crucial for the development of β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes as power electronic devices. We observed the emission patterns that are exhibited by the high reverse leakage current SBDs via ultrahigh-sensitivity emission microscopy, thereby locating a polycrystalline defect on the surface via atomic force microscopy. A single polycrystalline defect resulted in a leakage current of ca. 20 μA. The synchrotron X-ray topographic analysis of the samples showed butterfly-shaped contrast patterns due to the strain field around the polycrystalline defects. We further observed that a polycrystalline defect is formed over a porous particle.
Coherent detection of ultrabroadband infrared pulses using a single crystal of diamond
Authors: Matsubara Eiichi , Nagai Masaya , Ashida Masaaki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We coherently detected ultrabroadband infrared pulses generated through two-color pumped air plasma produced by hollow-fiber compressed 10 fs pulses in a spectral range of 1–100 THz using a biased single crystal of diamond as a nonlinear medium. The sensitivity was enhanced by two-orders of magnitude compared with the case of air in the probe energy range where saturation did not occur. Even when the probe pulse energy was 100 nJ, the spectral range reached 80 THz. Thus, diamond has reduced the energy of pulses required for realizing broadband coherent detection without sacrificing the advantage of gapless detection.
KINERJA KAPORIT TERHADAP PENURUNAN E-COLI PADA HIPPAM TIRTA SEJATI DI DESA KARANGREJO KECAMATAN MANYAR KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Rahayu Puji , Sugito Sugito 
Published: January 2021

Pembangunan sarana air bersih bertujuan agar masyarakat mendapatkan air yangmemenuhi syarat kesehatan, baik bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di pedesaan maupun perkotaan.Bila air tidak memenuhi syarat kesehatan seperti yang tercantum dalam Peraturan MenteriKesehatan RI No.416/MENKES/Per/IX/1990 tentang syarat syarat dan pengawasan kualitas airbersih ,maka air dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam gangguan baik langsung maupun tidaklangsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kualitas air HIPPAM TIRTA SEJATIsetelah dilakukan disinfeksi memenuhi syarat kesehatan berdasarkan Permenkes No. 416/MENKES/PER/1990 terutama untuk parameter E.Coli. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 (tiga) kalipercobaan yaitu dengan membubuhkan kaporit dengan konsentrasi 350 ppm, 450 ppm dan 550ppm pada bak klorinator berkapasitas 250 liter dengan harapan sisa klor pada pipa distribusi 0,2mg/Lâ€“0,5 mg/L.Pemberian dosis kaporit dengan konsentrasi 450 ppm pada Instalasi IPA HIPPAMTirta Sejati desa Karangrejo Kecamatan Manyar Kabupaten Gresik mampu menurunkan E.Colisampai batas memenuhi baku mutu sesuai dengan PERMENKES Nomor :416/MENKES/Per/IX/1990. Semakin jauh jarak Instalasi makin besar angka E.Coli.Penggunaankaporit pada dosis 350 ppm, 450 ppm dan 550 ppm dari masing-masing variasi seluruhnyamenunjukkan angka sisa klor masih relatif memenuhi syarat sesuai dengan batas maksimum yangdiperbolehkan.
VEHICLE ROUTING UNTUK PICK UP PROBLEM DENGAN PENDEKATAN MOST VALUEABLE NEIGHBORHOOD DAN NEAREST NEIGHBOR PADA JASA PENGIRIMAN BARANG
Authors: Wirasambada Sudiana , Handayani Dwi Iryaning 
Published: January 2021

Berkembangnya bisnis jasa pengiriman barang mendorong perusahaan-perusahaan jasa pengiriman barang
seperti PT. X memperluas jaringan bisnisnya. Sistem agen yang diterapkan menyebabkan lokasi pick up
barang menjadi lebih banyak. Oleh karena itu, optimalisasi penjadwalan rute kendaraan adalah hal yang
penting untuk menurunkan kemungkinan barang yang tidak terangkut, menurunkan biaya operasional, dan
meningkatkan keuntungan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu melakukan optimalisasi rute pada operator jasa
pengiriman barang PT. X dengan mengggunakan pendekatan heuristik. Dua metode heuristik akan
digunakan, yaitu metode most valueable neighborhood (MVN-VRP) dan metode nearest neighbor (NN-VRP).
Kedua metode tersebut dibandingkan berdasarkan total nilai kargo yang dikumpulkan dan jarak tempuh
kendaraan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk memaksimalkan nilai kargo yang diangkut atau
meminimalkan opportunity value yang hilang metode MVN-VRP lebih baik digunakan dibanding dengan
metode NN-VRP. Meskipun memiliki jarak tempuh yang lebih panjang, rute MVN-VRP lebih optimal dalam
optimalisasi nilai kargo.
PERAN DINAS KEBUDAYAAN DAN PARIWISATA DALAM PELESTARIAN KESENIAN WAYANG GOLEK DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Aziz Denis Abdul , Rohayatin Titin , Abidin As Zaenal 
Published: January 2021

Kesenian Wayang Golek merupakan kesenian yang berasal dari Provinsi Jawa Barat. Akibat perkembangan jaman, kesenian Wayang Golek mengalami penurunan pada paguyubannya, khususnya yang berada di daerah Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Untuk itu perlu ada upaya pelestarian yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Wayang Golek sendiri sudah diakusi oleh UNESCO sebagai Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan informan 2 orang, yaitu : (1) Kepala Seksi Bina Seni Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Bandung Barat,(2) dan Seniman Wayang Golek. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelestarian kesenian Wayang Golek yang dilakukan Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Bandung Barat dapat dikatakan belum optimal. Hal tersebut dikarenakan (1) belum adanya regulasi yang secara khusus mengatur tentang upaya pelestarian kesenian Wayang Golek (2) pemberdayaan yang dilakukan belum mampu meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelestarian kesenian Wayang Golek (3) belum optimal dalam menyediakan fasilitas berupa sarana dan prasarana penunjang dalam upaya pelestarian kesenian Wayang Golek.
Kata Kunci: Peran, Pemerintah, Pelestarian Kesenian, Wayang Golek
Effects of Perceived Health Condition, Gerotranscendence, and Wisdom on Successful Aging of Elders
Authors: Hee Kyung Kim  
Published: January 2021

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect that perceived health condition,
gerotranscendence, and wisdom have on successful aging in elders. Methods/Statistical analysis: This
study is a descriptive survey design using a convenience sampling. The subjects of this study were 94 elders
between 65 years old or above. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s
correlation coefficient and multiple regression using the SPSS Win 23.0 program. Findings: Successful
aging of subjects had positive correlation with perceived health condition, gerotranscendence and wisdom.
As a result of conducting the stepwise regression analysis, the explanatory power of above 2 variables was
appeared to be 57.8% including wisdom (?=.713, p<.001) and monthly household income (? =.153, p=.032).
Improvements/Applications: As a plan to achieve the successful aging of the elders through the results of
this study, the government and local governments need to develop a nursing arbitration program for elders
to have wise lives in their daily lives and to make efforts to institutionalize the customized job creation
considering the ages and conditions of the elders so that they can raise monthly household incomes.
PENGEMBANGAN BIMBINGAN BELAJAR DAN PERPUSTAKAAN MINI RANCA BUAYA
Authors: Cendana Wiputra , Solarbesain Grace , Siahaan Hernawati 
Published: January 2021

Bimbingan belajar dan rumah baca Rancabuaya merupakan bentuk kepedulian pendidikan bersifat nonprofit dengan mengerakkan para profesional Kristen dalam pengentasan daerah tertinggal yang didirikan oleh Yayasan Profesional Sinergi Indonesia di desa Rancabuaya. Peserta didiknya adalah anak-anak yang berasal dari keluarga prasejahtera yang tinggal di sekitar rumah baca Rancabuaya. Lokasi bimbingan belajar menyebar menggunakan beberapa rumah warga desa. Pengembangan kegiatan ini dilakukan bekerja sama dengan Service Learning UPH dan Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar - Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan - Teachers College UPH melalui kegiatan pembelajaran yang kreatif. Materi yang diajarkan disesuaikan dengan materi sekolah masing-masing anak-anak dengan metode belajar yang menarik. Peserta didik khusus usia PAUD / TK belajar dengan bermain, mendongeng, mewarnai, membaca huruf maupun angka. Pembelajaran SD sampai dengan SMP diajarkan memecahkan soal-soal latihan menggunakan buku-buku yang masih terbatas melalui rumahbaca. Pembelajaran bimbingan belajar dan rumah baca juga dikelola oleh mahasiswa dan alumni Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa