bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and perinatal outcomes of fresh single-blastocyst-transfer cycles under an early follicular phase prolonged protocol according to day of trigger estradiol levels
Authors: Ying Yingfen , Lu Xiaosheng , Zhang Huina , Arhin Samuel Kofi , Hou Xiaohong , Wang Zefan , Wu Han , Lu Jieqiang , Tang Yunbing 
Published: July 2021

Backgroud
This study’s objectives were to compare the clinical, perinatal, and obstetrical outcomes of patients with different estradiol (E2) levels in fresh single-blastocyst-transfer (SBT) cycles under an early follicular phase prolonged regimen on the day of trigger.

Methods
We recruited patients in fresh SBT cycles (n = 771) undergoing early follicular phase prolonged protocols with β-hCG values above 10 IU/L between June 2016 and December 2018. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into four groups according to their serum E2 level percentages on the day of trigger: <25th, 25th–50th, 51st–75th, and >75th percentile groups.

Results
Although the rates of clinical pregnancy (85.57% (166/194)), embryo implantation 86.60% (168/194), ongoing pregnancy (71.13% (138/194)), and live birth (71.13% (138/194)) were lowest in the >75th percentile group, we did not observe any significant differences (all P > 0.05). We used this information to predict the rate of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) area under the curve (AUC) = 72.39%, P = 0.029, cut off value of E2 = 2,893 pg/ml with the 75% sensitivity and 70% specificity. The 51st–75th percentile group had the highest rates of low birth weight infants (11.73% (19/162), P = 0.0408), premature delivery (11.43% (20/175), P = 0.0269), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (10.49% (17/162), P = 0.0029), twin pregnancies (8.57% (15/175), P = 0.0047), and monochorionic diamniotic pregnancies (8.57% (15/175); P = 0.001). We did not observe statistical differences in obstetrics complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational hypertension, placenta previa, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Conclusion
We concluded that serum E2 levels on the day of trigger were not good predictors of live birth rate or perinatal and obstetrical outcomes. However, we found that high E2 levels may not be conducive to persistent pregnancies. The E2 level on the day of trigger can still be used to predict the incidence of early onset severe OHSS in the fresh SBT cycle.
Impact of Employee Meaningfulness of Work on Employee Engagement: Study of Non-executive Level Employees in Private Banks in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Shashiprabha H. W. P. Umesha , Jayarathna S. M. D. Yasodara 
Published: July 2021

Aims: The present study focused on exploring the impact of employee meaningfulness of work on employee engagement with special reference to non-executive level employees of private banks in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka.
Study Design: This is quantitative study which used deductive approach. Purpose of the study to explain the bahaviour of meaningfulness of work and employee engagement. The study used survey strategy and conducted in a non-contrived setting (natural environment).
Place and Duration of the Study: The data were collected from non-executive level employees of private banks in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka in May 2021.
Methodology: Data were collected from 167 non-executive level employees through a standard questionnaire and distributed via google forms and printed questionnaires. The researcher analyzed data through Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), and simple regression analysis to test the impact of employee meaningfulness of work on employee engagement.
Results: The findings of this research study revealed that employee meaningfulness of work positively impacts employee engagement among non-executive level employees in private banks. Further, the study findings contribute to the knowledge of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behaviour, and it adds value to the Sri Lankan research knowledge.
Conclusion: The study contributes to the knowledge of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior. This study is helpful for identifying the reasons to take actions for enhancing engagement among employees, especially with the meaningfulness of work.
Influence of N:K Ratios in Soils on Growth, Nutrient Availability and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Bakare A. O. 
Published: July 2021

This study was undertaken to determine the influence of N:K ratios applied to soils and the availability of N, K on yield of maize in two distinct ecological zones of Edo state of Nigeria. The sites used were Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN) Iyanomo (Forest) and the Teaching and Research Farm of Ambrose Alli University, Emaudo, Ekpoma (Derived Savanna). The soils of the two experimental sites were analyzed for both physical and chemical properties before the commencement of the experiments. The experiments were carried out as pot experiments in the screen house and field experiments. Each of the experiments had ten treatments (adjusted ratios) that were fitted into randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Maize was used as the test crop. Results from the screen house revealed that N/K ratio 4:1 had the highest dry matter yield for both locations, (RRIN; 2.60 g/pot and Emaudo; 2.75 g/pot) but these values were not significantly different (P < 0.05) from what were obtained from N/K ratio 3:1 and 2:1, respectively. The N:K ratio in soil had influence on the availability of N and K. Under field conditions, N/K ratio 4:1 had the highest grain yield for both locations (RRIN; 3.46 ton/ha and Emaudo; 3.33 ton/ha), and the highest cob field weight (RRIN; 9.92 ton/ha and Emaudo; 9.33 ton/ha), hence its recommendation.
Microbial Quality of Industrially Processed Sachet-Packed Fruit Drinks Consumed Mostly by School Children in Nigeria
Authors: Fowoyo P. T. , Amadi H. 
Published: July 2021

Fruit drinks are often packed as accompaniments with school children’s lunch packs in Nigeria. In recent times, reports from consumers stated that a lot of these drinks when opened up and poured into cups before drinking, fungal mass was present and this has queried the safety of consumption of these drinks. The aim of this study was to determine whether commercially packed fruit drinks consumed majorly by school children were microbially contaminated. Twenty (20) samples of sachet packed fruit drinks comprising of 4 different flavours precisely orange, pineapple, apple and multivitamin flavours were analyzed for their microbial quality. The total bacterial and fungal counts in the samples examined did not exceed the regulatory microbiological criteria for fruit drinks. Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus, Rhizopus, Aspergillus and Penicillium species were isolated from the samples. Lactobacillus poses no health risk to the consumer however, the incidence of Bacillus and Staphylococcus aureus in the drink samples is quite worrisome as they have been implicated as potential pathogens. The fungal species isolated are of public health concern especially as some have been implicated as mycotoxin producers. The presence of these organisms in the drinks may be attributed to indigenous microflora of fruits or concentrates used, poor hygienic practices during production and low pH of the drinks. It is therefore necessary that fruit drink manufacturers adhere strictly to microbiological quality standards and specifications during production especially for foods to be consumed by children with developing immune systems.
Comparison between Morphine and Hyaluronidase Added to Local Anesthetic in Sonar Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block; Randomized Double Blinded Controlled Study
Authors: Elmaghraby Ahmed A. E. , Omara Amany F. , Mohammed Rabab M. , Alzeftawy Ashraf E. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Huge volumes of local anaesthetics used in conventional blocks may be associated with complications. Hyaluronidase is an enzyme that hydrolyses hyaluronic acid in the tissue. It has been shown to aid the spread of local anaesthetics (LA) through tissue. The aim of this study was to compare between the addition of morphine or hyaluronidase to local anaesthetic in sonar guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block regarding the onset and duration of the block, postoperative analgesia and the total analgesic requirements in the first 24 hours.
Patient and methods: Seventy-five patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I & II, aged 18-60 years, scheduled to acute or elective elbow, forearm or hand surgery under sonar guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block at Tanta University Hospital were randomly allocated into three equal groups; Group I (Control group) received 20 ml containing 9 ml bupivacaine 0.5% and 9 ml lidocaine 2% plus 2 ml normal saline, group II (Morphine group) received 20 ml containing 9 ml bupivacaine 0.5% and 9 ml lidocaine 2% plus 5 mg morphine in 2 ml normal saline and group III (Hyaluronidase group) received 20 ml containing 9 ml bupivacaine 0.5% and 9 ml lidocaine 2% plus 1500 units of hyaluronidase in 2 ml normal saline. The onset of sensory and motor block, duration of sensory and motor block, postoperative VAS, time to first rescue analgesia, total morphine consumption and possible side effects were recorded.
Results: Onset of the sensory block and motor block was significantly shorter in the hyaluronidase group than control group and morphine group. Duration of the sensory block and motor block was significantly prolonged in morphine group than hyaluronidase group & control group. VAS started to increase at 6 hours in the control group, at 10 hours in morphine group and at 8 hours in hyaluronidase group. Time to first rescue analgesia was significantly prolonged in morphine group than control group and hyaluronidase group. Total analgesic consumption of morphine was significantly lower in morphine group than control group and hyaluronidase group.
Conclusion: Morphine was superior to hyaluronidase as regarding to improving the post-operative pain. The incidence of complications was nil and self-limited in the three groups.
COVID-19 and Common Myths and Policy Intervenes
Authors: Kochhal Niharika 
Published: July 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has grappled the worldin the last two years. No concrete solution is available yet, but the news about the last stage approval of several vaccine candidates is promising.
Summary: Infodemic, as United Nations term it, is creating menace all across the globe. Usually not noticed, it has serious repercussions if not detected and left untreated. Cooperation across the spectrum of both citizens and law enforcement agencies are needed to stop this spread. As various laws are already in place, enforcing those is a serious challenge as tracing digital footprints can sometimes be difficult.
Conclusion: More analysis on how these messages and fake news are getting transmitted should be done. A counter campaign against Infodemic may be another option after practicing digital hygiene.
The Role of HRCT chest in COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Govindani Nisha P. , Lakhkar Bhushan , Christian Ravi , Tiwaskar Suhas , Madurwar Kaustubh Anil , Singh Varun , Unadkat Bhavik , Tapadia Shreya 
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 pneumonia is a recently identified lung infection, the hazardous factor of this pneumonia is pandemic dissemination of infection by corona virus. Due to its high mortality and morbidity it has become a threat to the human life. As pneumonia is the commonest manifestation chest x-ray becomes the primary modality of investigation however many symptomatic patients do not have a positive chest X-ray findings hence, HRCT is used as primary modality for both screening as well as a diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia. It has been observed that in many situations RT-PCR test are negative or inconclusive but the HRCT in such cases is useful and conclusive.
Aim of the article is to highlight the role of HRCT in diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and providing proper guidance to the Clinicians for assessing the response and therapeutic purpose for covid19 pneumonia. recently, HRCT score have also been used to provide the clinicians an idea about the Prognosis of this disease progress.
Earrings: An Obscured Source of Cross- Contamination in Dental Clinics of India
Authors: Singh Sweta , Talmale Priyanka , Archana G. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to check for the bacterial contamination of earrings worn by female dentists involved in direct patient care.
Method: This cross-sectional microbiological study was carried out among female dentists working in clinical departments of a tertiary care dental hospital. A questionnaire concerning awareness regarding the donning of ornaments as possible source of contamination was administered. It also included questions on measures taken to prevent cross contamination through earrings and methods for disinfection of earrings used if any. Two swabs from each participant were taken, one from the earring and other from the underlying skin site using a sterile microbial swab moistened in saline. The samples were then dispensed into 1 ml of sterile water by vortexing for 45s. The vortexed sample was then inoculated onto Blood Agar. The inoculated plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37˚C aerobically. Further examination was done for the count of bacteria, type of bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity.
Result: In total 90 swabs, 45 each from earring and underlying skin were cultured for microorganisms. All the (100%) samples were positive for bacterial contamination. The swabs obtained from underlying skin sites were found to have significantly higher microbial load. (p-value = 0.008). Sixty two percent (62%) of the participants were aware of earrings being a possible source of contamination and 55% had the knowledge that ornaments are supposed to be removed while working in patient clinics. Only 5% practiced removing the ornaments which included bangles/bracelets, rings and watches. None reported to have removed earrings while working in clinics.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that earrings are potential source of cross contamination in a dental setting. This can act as nidus for colonization of bacteria and possible source for nosocomial infections and pathogenic transmission.
Self‐Delivered Supramolecular Nanomedicine with Transformable Shape for Ferrocene‐Amplified Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer and Bone Metastases
Authors: Qin Yi , Tong Fan , Zhang Wei , Zhou Yang , He Siqin , Xie Rou , Lei Ting , Wang Yushan , Peng Shaojun , Li Zhaofeng , Leong Julian , Gao Huile , Lu Ligong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough nanomedicines can passively target tumor through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, their distribution and retention are limited by complex tumor microenvironment. Herein, a self‐delivery supramolecular nanoplatform with shape‐transforming capacity (Ce6‐CD/Fc‐pep‐PEG) is constructed by the host‐guest interaction between chlorin e6‐ conjugated β‐cyclodextrin (Ce6‐CD) and ferrocene‐modified FFVLG3C‐PEG conjugates (Fc‐pep‐PEG). Following passive accumulation mediated by the EPR effect, hydrophobic Fc is oxidized to water‐soluble Fc+ by endogenous ROS in tumor sites. The resulting Fc+‐pep‐PEG fragment dissociated from Ce6‐CD and recombined to nanofibers through the intermolecular hydrogen bonds among FFVLG3C peptide chains, thus enhancing the retention. Meanwhile, the Ce6‐CD fragment still maintained the form of spherical micelles with a relatively smaller size to penetrate into the deep tumor regions. Moreover, the cascade Fenton reaction catalyzed by Fc generated •OH and O2 to relieve hypoxia and amplify PDT efficiency. In turn, ROS generated by PDT promoted shape‐transformation and continuous occurrence of Fenton reaction. In vitro and in vivo evaluations verify that through the positive feedback loop, Ce6‐CD/Fc‐pep‐PEG can induce a potent antitumor immune response and achieve ROS‐potentiated elimination of primary tumor and bone metastasis.
Bionic Adaptive Thin‐Membranes Sensory System Based on Microspring Effect for High‐Sensitive Airflow Perception and Noncontact Manipulation
Authors: Zhou Wei , Xiao Peng , Liang Yun , Wang Qiling , Liu Depeng , Yang Qing , Chen Jianhua , Nie Yujing , Kuo Shiao‐Wei , Chen Tao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecently airflow sensors based on mechanical deformation mechanisms have drawn extensive attention due to their favorable flexibility and sensitivity. However, the fabrication of highly sensitive and self‐adaptive airflow sensors in a simple, controllable, and scalable method still remains a challenge. Herein, inspired by the wing membrane of a bat, a highly sensitive and adaptive graphene/single‐walled nanotubes‐Ecoflex membrane (GSEM) based airflow sensor mediated by the reversible microspring effect is developed. The fabricated GSEM is endowed with an ultralow airflow velocity detection limit (0.0176 m s−1), a fast response time (≈1.04 s), and recovery time (≈1.28 s). The GSEM‐based airflow sensor can be employed to realize noncontact manipulation. It is applied to a smart window system to realize the intelligent, open, and close behaviors via a threshold control. In addition, an array of airflow sensors is effectively designed to differentiate the magnitude and spatial distribution of the applied airflow stimulus. The GSEM‐based airflow sensor is further integrated into a wireless vehicle model system, which can sensitively capture the flow velocity information to realize a real‐time direction of motion manipulation. The microspring effect‐based airflow sensing system shows significant potentials in the fields of wearable electronics and noncontact intelligent manipulation.
Multifunctional Dressing for Wound Diagnosis and Rehabilitation
Authors: Tang Ning , Zheng Youbin , Cui Daxiang , Haick Hossam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA wound dressing is a sterile pad or compress that is used in direct contact with a wound to help it heal and prevent further issues or complications. Though wound healing is an intricate dynamic process that involves multiple biomolecular species, conventional wound dressings have a limited ability to provide timely information of abnormal conditions, missing the best time for early treatment. The current perspective presents and discusses the design and development of smart wound dressings that are integrated with multifunctional materials, wearable sensors and drug delivery systems as well as their application ranging from wound monitoring to timely application of therapeutics. The perspective also discusses the ongoing challenges and exciting opportunities associated with the development of wearable sensor‐based smart wound dressing and provide critical insights into wound healing monitoring and management.
Arsenene Nanodots with Selective Killing Effects and their Low‐Dose Combination with ß‐Elemene for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liu Chuang , Sun Shan , Feng Qiang , Wu Gongwei , Wu Yiting , Kong Na , Yu Zhangsen , Yao Junlie , Zhang Xingcai , Chen Wei , Tang Zhongmin , Xiao Yufen , Huang Xiangang , Lv Aman , Yao Chenyang , Cheng Haibo , Wu Aiguo , Xie Tian , Tao Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractArsenical drugs have achieved hallmark success in treating patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, but expanding their clinical utility to solid tumors has proven difficult with the contradiction between the therapeutic efficacy and the systemic toxicity. Here, leveraging efforts from materials science, biocompatible PEGylated arsenene nanodots (AsNDs@PEG) with high monoelemental arsenic purity that can selectively and effectively treat solid tumors are synthesized. The intrinsic selective killing effect of AsNDs@PEG is closely related to high oxidative stress in tumor cells, which leads to an activated valence‐change of arsenic (from less toxic As0 to severely toxic oxidation states), followed by decreased superoxide dismutase activity and massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These effects occur selectively within cancer cells, causing mitochondrial damage, cell‐cycle arrest, and DNA damage. Moreover, AsNDs@PEG when applied in a multi‐drug combination strategy with β‐elemene, a plant‐derived anticancer drug, achieves synergistic antitumor outcomes, and its newly discovered on‐demand photothermal properties facilitate the elimination of the tumors without recurrence, potentially further expanding its clinical utility. In line of the practicability for a large‐scale fabrication and negligible systemic toxicity of AsNDs@PEG (even at high doses and with repetitive administration), a new‐concept arsenical drug with high therapeutic efficacy for selective solid tumor therapy is provided.
Directional Magnetization Reversal Enables Ultrahigh Energy Density in Gradient Nanostructures
Authors: Lou Li , Li Yuqing , Li Xiaohong , Li Hailing , Li Wei , Hua Yingxin , Xia Weixing , Zhao Zhihe , Zhang Haitian , Yue Ming , Zhang Xiangyi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHigh‐performance ferromagnetic materials are essential for energy conversion and electronic devices. However, the random and nonuniform magnetization reversal in ferromagnetics limits their performance that can be achieved. Here, through both micromagnetism simulations and experiments, a directional magnetization reversal that initiates first from large grains toward smaller ones is discovered by engineering Nd2Fe14B/α‐Fe gradient nanostructures. Such directional magnetization reversal enables a rare combination of high magnetization and large coercivity, thus leading to a record‐high energy density (26 MG Oe) for isotropic permanent magnetic materials, which is ≈50% higher than that of its gradient‐free counterpart. The unusual magnetization reversal originates from an ordered arrangement of grain sizes in the gradient material, where the large grains have a lower reversal field than that of the smaller ones. These findings open up new opportunities for developing high‐performance magnetic materials.
Precise Layer Control and Electronic State Modulation of a Transition Metal Dichalcogenide via Phase‐Transition‐Induced Growth
Authors: Sohn Ahrum , Kim Changhyun , Jung Jae‐Hwan , Kim Jung Hwa , Byun Kyung‐Eun , Cho Yeonchoo , Zhao Pin , Kim Sang Won , Seol Minsu , Lee Zonghoon , Kim Sang‐Woo , Shin Hyeon‐Jin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWafer‐scale growth of transition metal dichalcogenides with precise control over the number of layers, and hence the electronic state is an essential technology for expanding the practical application of 2D materials. Herein, a new growth method, phase‐transition‐induced growth (PTG), is proposed for the precisely controlled growth of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) films consisting of one to eleven layers with spatial uniformity on a 2 in. wafer. In this method, an energetically unstable amorphous MoSxOy (a‐MoSxOy) phase is effectively converted to a thermodynamically stable crystalline MoS2 film. The number of MoS2 layers is readily controlled layer‐by‐layer by controlling the amount of Mo atoms in a‐MoSxOy, which is also applicable for the growth of heteroatom‐inserted MoS2. The electronic states of intrinsic and Nb‐inserted MoS2 with one and four layers grown by PTGare are analyzed based on their work functions. The work function of monolayer MoS2 effectively increases with the substitution of Nb for Mo. As the number of layers increases to four, charge screening becomes weaker, dopant ionization becomes easier, and ultimately the work function increases further. Thus, better electronic state modulation is achieved in a thicker layer, and in this respect, PTG has the advantage of enabling precise control over the film thickness.