bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence and Predictors of Penile Pain in Men with Peyronie's Disease
Authors: Flores Jose M. , Salter Carolyn A. , Nascimento Bruno , Terrier Jean-Etienne , Taniguchi Hisanori , Bernie Helen L. , Miranda Eduardo , Jenkins Lawrence , Schofield Elizabeth , Mulhall John P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Penile pain is one of the most stressful symptoms in men with Peyronie's disease (PD).

Aim
To evaluate the prevalence, clinical presentation and risk factors associated with penile pain in men with PD as well as to assess the psychosocial impact.

Methods
We revised our institution's database of men diagnosed with PD. The information collected included penile pain assessments, and the scores of the PD Questionnaire (PDQ), Self-Esteem and Relationship Questionnaire (SEAR) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Questionnaire (CES-D). Descriptive and comparative statistics were used. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictive factors associated with penile pain.

Main outcome measures
Penile pain descriptive assessment and factors associated with penile pain in men with PD. Comparison of SEAR, CES-D and PDQ domain scores of men with and without penile pain.

Results
431 men with PD were included for this analysis with a mean age of 55.9 years. Penile pain was reported by 36.7%; 65.2% of those had painful erection, 7% pain with flaccid state only, and 20% in both stages. The median pain severity was 3 with erection and 1 with flaccid stage. After adjusted logistic regression analyses, advanced age was associated with less pain (OR 0.94, P ≤ 0.001). Men with penile pain had no significant difference in CES-D and SEAR mean scores compared to men without penile pain. The PDQ scores for the physical/psychological symptoms domain and the bother domain were significantly higher in men with penile pain (12 vs 8.7; P &lt; 0.01 and 9 vs 7.1; P &lt; 0.01 respectively). Men with penile pain had a higher rate of clinically significant bother scores than men without penile pain (52% vs 35%, P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion
Penile pain is common in men with PD. It was more common in young men and was associated with physical and psychological bothers in this population.
Flores JM, Salter CA, Nascimento B, et al. The Prevalence and Predictors of Penile Pain in Men with Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med 2021;9:100398.
Erectile and Ejaculatory Dysfunction Associated with Use of Psychotropic Drugs: A Systematic Review
Authors: Trinchieri Margherita , Trinchieri Martina , Perletti Gianpaolo , Magri Vittorio , Stamatiou Konstantinos , Cai Tommaso , Montanari Emanuele , Trinchieri Alberto 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundSexual dysfunction may be a side effect of treatment with antipsychotics, antidepressants, and other psychotropic drugs.AimTo review the evidence concerning male sexual dysfunctions in patients taking psychotropic drugs to provide specific information to nonpsychiatric physicians for the management of these dysfunctions.MethodsA systematic search of Medline and Embase databases was performed up to October 15th, 2020. We included randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of psychotropic drugs versus placebo or versus another drug of the same class, for at least 5 weeks.OutcomesWe considered studies whose male population could be evaluated separately from the female population and with a separate analysis of the different phases of the male sex cycle.RESULTSWe included 41 studies in the final review. There was a significant association between sexual dysfunction and antidepressant drug therapy, compared to placebo (decreased libido OR 1.89, 95% CI:1.40 to 2.56, 22 series, 11 trials, 7706 participants; erectile dysfunction OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.31 to 3.97; 11 trials, 3008 participants; ejaculatory dysfunction OR = 7.31, 95% CI: 4.38 to 12.20,19 trials, 3973 participants). When the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were evaluated separately from those of serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), the use of SNRIs but not that of SSRIs was characterized by significantly higher odds of erectile dysfunction compared to placebo. Only limited data were found regarding the effects of antipsychotics on the phases of the male sexual cycle, as it was shown that aripiprazole and risperidone showed lower and higher odds for erectile or ejaculatory dysfunction, respectively, compared to other atypical antipsychotics.Clinical ImplicationsTreatment of male sexual dysfunction in patients taking psychotropics requires a basic knowledge of the different drugs that affect sexual function with different mechanisms.Strengths & LimitationsThe effects of psychotropic drugs on erectile function and ejaculation were evaluated separately. The great variability of the mechanisms of action makes it difficult to make comparisons between the effects of the different classes of psychotropic drugs.CONCLUSIONSAdministration of antipsychotics affects male sexual function with different mechanisms, although the increase in prolactin values associated with the administration of first-generation antipsychotics and some atypical, such as risperidone, seems to play a primary role in determining male sexual dysfunction. Most antidepressants cause decreased libido, ejaculatory and erectile dysfunction, however the administration of SNRIs appears to be possibly associated with a specific risk of erectile dysfunction.
New flight plan optimisation method utilising a set of alternative final point arrival time targets (RTA constraints)
Authors: Dancila R.I. , Botez R.M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study investigates a new aircraft flight trajectory optimisation method, derived from the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II method used for multi-objective optimisations. The new method determines, in parallel, a set of optimal flight plan solutions for a flight. Each solution is optimal (requires minimum fuel) for a Required Time of Arrival constraint from a set of candidate time constraints selected for the final waypoint of the flight section under optimisation. The set of candidate time constraints is chosen so that their bounds are contiguous, i.e. they completely cover a selected time domain. The proposed flight trajectory optimisation method may be applied in future operational paradigms, such as Trajectory-Based Operations/free flight, where aircraft do not need to follow predetermined routes. The intended application of the proposed method is to support Decision Makers in the planning phase when there is a time constraint or a preferred crossing time at the final point of the flight section under optimisation. The Decision Makers can select, from the set of optimal flight plans, the one that best fits their criteria (minimum fuel burn or observes a selected time constraint). If the Air Traffic Management system rejects the flight plan, then they can choose the next best solution from the set without having to perform another optimisation. The method applies for optimisations performed on lateral and/or vertical flight plan components. Seven proposed method variants were evaluated, and ten test runs were performed for each variant. For five variants, the worst results yielded a fuel burn less than 90kg (0.14%) over the ‘global’ optimum. The worst variant yielded a maximum of 321kg (0.56%) over the ‘global’ optimum.
Towards a new design with generic modeling and adaptive control of a transformable quadrotor
Authors: Derrouaoui S.H. , Bouzid Y. , Guiatni M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecently, transformable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become a subject of great interest in the field of flying systems, due to their maneuverability, agility and morphological capacities. They can be used for specific missions and in more congested spaces. Moreover, this novel class of UAVs is considered as a viable solution for providing flying robots with specific and versatile functionalities. In this paper, we propose (i) a new design of a transformable quadrotor with (ii) generic modeling and (iii) adaptive control strategy. The proposed UAV is able to change its flight configuration by rotating its four arms independently around a central body, thanks to its adaptive geometry. To simplify and lighten the prototype, a simple mechanism with a light mechanical structure is proposed. Since the Center of Gravity (CoG) of the UAV moves according to the desired morphology of the system, a variation of the inertia and the allocation matrix occurs instantly. These dynamics parameters play an important role in the system control and its stability, representing a key difference compared with the classic quadrotor. Thus, a new generic model is developed, taking into account all these variations together with aerodynamic effects. To validate this model and ensure the stability of the designed UAV, an adaptive backstepping control strategy based on the change in the flight configuration is applied. MATLAB simulations are provided to evaluate and illustrate the performance and efficiency of the proposed controller. Finally, some experimental tests are presented.
Infectious complications of probiotic use: A matched case–control study
Authors: Tom Florissa S. , Tucker Kendall J. , McCracken Caitlin M. , McGregor Jessina C. , Gore Sara J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this matched case–control study, we sought to determined the association between probiotic use and invasive infections caused by typical probiotic organisms. The odds of probiotic use in cases were 127 times the odds of probiotic use in controls (95% CI, 6.21–2600). Further research into these rare but severe complications is needed.
The relationship of bovine milk somatic cell count to neutrophil level in samples of cow's milk assessed by an automatic cell counter
Authors: Chengolova Zlatina , Ivanov Yavor , Grigorova Galina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis research communication describes the application of a fluorescent automatic cell counter Lactoscan SCC for simultaneous determination of somatic cell count and neutrophils in bovine milk. The obtained results were compared with results obtained by a flow cytometer and a light microscope. The Pearson correlations between the methods were calculated. A comparison between the main characteristics of the three kinds of analysis was made – the assay duration and the intra-assay precision. A relation between the SCC and neutrophil cells was observed in 55 milk samples. The obtained results confirm that the simultaneous determination of SCC and neutrophil analysis are necessary and support the early diagnosis of mastitis, the timely treatment of the animal and the avoidance of major economic losses.
‘Knowing me, knowing you’: an exploration of the views and experiences of nursing home residents and staff on their nursing home as ‘home’
Authors: Ryan Assumpta A. , Moore Kevin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe overall aim of this grounded theory study was to explore the context of a nursing home as ‘home’ from the perspective of residents and staff. Sixteen focus group interviews were used to collect qualitative data from nursing home residents (N = 48) and staff (N = 44). Five distinct categories captured the views and experiences of participating residents and staff. These were: (a) Starting off on the right foot, ‘First impressions can be the lasting ones; (b) Making new and maintaining existing connections, ‘There is great unity between staff and residents’; (c) The nursing home as home, ‘It's a bit like home from home for me’; (d) Intuitive knowing, ‘I don't even have to speak, she just knows’; and (e) Feeling at home in a regulated environment, ‘It takes the home away from nursing home’. Together these five categories formed the basis of the core category ‘Knowing me, knowing you’, which captures the experiences of participants who repeatedly highlighted the importance of relationships and feelings of mutuality and respect between and among staff and residents as central to feeling at home in a nursing home. The reciprocity and mutuality associated with the core category, ‘Knowing me, knowing you’, was at times challenged by staff shortages, time constraints, and conflicting priorities associated with the co-existence of a regulated and homely environment.
‘The care circle consists of me.’ Loneliness and social isolation for older male spousal care-givers. A qualitative study
Authors: Fee Anne , McIlfatrick Sonja , Ryan Assumpta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhilst loneliness and social isolation amongst older care-givers are becoming increasingly recognised, little is known about how these concepts impact on specific sub-groups of care-givers, such as older males. In the current study, we aimed to gain a better understanding of the experiences of loneliness and social isolation amongst older spousal male care-givers. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 24 participants, caring for a spouse/partner with a long-term chronic condition. After thematic analysis of the data, three themes were identified: dwindling social interactions, loneliness in the spousal relationship, and living with loneliness and social isolation. Study findings suggest that opportunities for social interactions gradually ‘dwindled’ due to a reluctance by older male care-givers to leave their spouse/partner at home alone, to accept offers of help or respite, or to attend social events without their spouse/partner. Consequently, social isolation increased. Feelings of physical and emotional loneliness were evident, and the loss of spousal companionship (such as loss of conversation and shared interests) increased loneliness. Individualised coping strategies were adopted including focusing on moments of positivity, talking to others and using prescribed medication. Findings provide insight into the experience of loneliness and social isolation for many older male spousal care-givers. This may facilitate a better understanding of older male care-givers’ support needs in addressing loneliness and social isolation, and should help to inform the development of targeted support services for this population.
Changes in family composition and their effects on social capital in old age: evidence from a longitudinal study conducted in Switzerland
Authors: Sauter Julia , Widmer Eric , Kliegel Matthias 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that family networks evolve over time. Nonetheless, little research has linked family expansion or shrinking to the levels of available family-based social capital in older adults’ family networks. To address this research gap, this paper explores the following question: to what extent are changes in family composition and family-related life events associated with current levels of family-based social capital in later years? We use the two waves of the longitudinal CIGEV-LIVES Vivre-Leben-Vivere study, a large survey addressing the family and health conditions of older people in Switzerland. We combine data on life events occurring during old age and family configurations. We find that family networks are indeed highly dynamic, with distinct patterns of losses and gains observed among respondents. Adding and omitting significant family members has distinct significant effects on social capital, while family-related life events only have marginal effects.
Digital ageing in Europe: a comparative analysis of Italian, Finnish and Swedish national policies on eHealth
Authors: Valokivi Heli , Carlo Simone , Kvist Elin , Outila Marjo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAgeing Europeans are today healthier than previous generations and often manage to live independently up to a high age. The proportion of people 80 years of age and older has increased significantly, and with high age the risk of multi-illness and dementia increases. Strong urbanisation processes have changed the demographic structure in rural areas, and young women and men have migrated towards the urban areas to study and work, while older persons have remained behind. This demographic challenge of increasing numbers of persons older than 80 years with care needs living in remote rural areas has become a major European social problem. In tackling this dilemma, many European countries have high expectations for eHealth, digitalisation and welfare technology. In this comparative study of policy debates in Italy, Finland and Sweden, we analyse how – between 2009 and 2019 – the issues of eHealth have been articulated in national and regional policies of the three countries with deep differences in terms of digitalisation and health systems, but with similar ageing populations. We identify in the documents three core topics – the role of technology, the rural issue and responsibility for care. These topics are treated in the documents with differences and similarities between the three countries. Beyond the differences and similarities, the documents reveal both a certain techno-enthusiasm about the role of eHealth in the life of the older adults as well as a limited understanding of the complexity (relationally as well as spatially) of the digital landscape of caring for older adults.
On the meaning(s) of norms: Ambiguity and global governance in a post-hegemonic world
Authors: Linsenmaier Thomas , Schmidt Dennis R. , Spandler Kilian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article offers a new conceptualisation of the meaning of norms in world politics. It starts from the observation that existing norm scholarship in International Relations has underestimated the role of ambiguity in the constitution of norm meaning. To address this shortcoming, we advance a conceptualisation that sees norm polysemy – the empirically observable plurality of norm meanings-in-use – as resulting from the enactment of inherently ambiguous norms in different contexts. By foregrounding norm ambiguity, this view offers a radically non-essentialist understanding of norm meaning, one that eschews any attempt to salvage final or ‘true’ meanings behind the polysemy of norms. Using empirical illustrations from different fields of contemporary global governance, we identify four mechanisms through which actors practically cope with the multiplicity of norm meanings that arises from norm ambiguity (deliberation, adjudication, uni- or multilateral fixation attempts, and ad hoc enactment) and outline their varying effects on the legitimacy and effectiveness of global governance. Based on this discussion, the article points to the normative implications of a radically non-essentialist conception of norms and suggests harnessing the positive potential of norm ambiguity as an ethically desirable condition that promotes human diversity and the plurality of global life.
Counting and equidistribution in quaternionic Heisenberg groups
Authors: PARKKONEN JOUNI , PAULIN FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe develop the relationship between quaternionic hyperbolic geometry and arithmetic counting or equidistribution applications, that arises from the action of arithmetic groups on quaternionic hyperbolic spaces, especially in dimension 2. We prove a Mertens counting formula for the rational points over a definite quaternion algebraAover${\mathbb{Q}}$in the light cone of quaternionic Hermitian forms, as well as a Neville equidistribution theorem of the set of rational points overAin quaternionic Heisenberg groups.
Radial Anisotropy in East Asia From Multimode Surface Wave Tomography
Authors: Witek M. , Chang S.‐J. , Lim D. Y. , Ning S. , Ning J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present a model of radial anisotropy in the crust and upper mantle of East Asia from a combination of new group velocity measurements and previously published surface wave dispersion data sets. Our combined data set ranges 5–375 s period and contains dispersion data up to the fifth overtone. We directly relate the data to variations in isotropic and radially anisotropic shear wave crustal and mantle structure via surface wave ray theory applied to a prior 3‐D reference model. Our isotropic S‐velocity model shares high correlations with previous studies, including a model derived from a full waveform inversion methodology. The short period dispersion measurements in our data set allow us to resolve crustal structure without the need for crustal corrections, and as a result, our radial anisotropy model has significant differences with previous studies. We find strong positive radial anisotropy (ξ > 1) across the entire region in the middle to lower crust and uppermost mantle. We perform a cluster analysis and find high levels of radial anisotropy (ξ > 1.12) in the lithospheric mantle of the back‐arc basin and in collisional belts, while low levels of radial anisotropy (ξ ∼ 1.04) are found in the mantle wedge of NE Japan and in the mantle upwelling under Mt. Baekdu. High radial anisotropy is found in the lower crust in regions that experienced continental rifting and lithospheric thinning, while the lowest crustal radial anisotropy is found in stable cratons.
Large Air Quality and Public Health Impacts due to Amazonian Deforestation Fires in 2019
Authors: Butt Edward W. , Conibear Luke , Knote Christoph , Spracklen Dominick V. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAir pollution from Amazon fires has adverse impacts on human health. The number of fires in the Amazon has increased in recent years, but whether this increase was driven by deforestation or climate has not been assessed. We analyzed relationships between fire, deforestation, and climate for the period 2003 to 2019 among selected states across the Brazilian Legal Amazon (BLA). A statistical model including deforestation, precipitation and temperature explained ∼80% of the variability in dry season fire count across states when totaled across the BLA, with positive relationships between fire count and deforestation. We estimate that the increase in deforestation since 2012 increased the dry season fire count in 2019 by 39%. Using a regional chemistry‐climate model combined with exposure‐response associations, we estimate this increase in fire resulted in 3,400 (95UI: 3,300–3,550) additional deaths in 2019 due to increased exposure to particulate air pollution. If deforestation in 2019 had increased to the maximum recorded during 2003–2019, the number of active fire counts would have increased by an additional factor of 2 resulting in 7,900 (95UI: 7,600–8,200) additional premature deaths. Our analysis demonstrates the strong benefits of reduced deforestation on air quality and public health across the Amazon.