bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Validation of Plasmid Vectors for Characterizing Protein–Protein Interactions in Spodoptera frugiperda Insect Cells
Authors: Teh Hao Wei , Martin Kathleen M. , Whitfield Anna E. 
Published: October 2021

There are limited molecular biology resources for interrogating protein–protein interactions (PPIs) in insect cells. To address this deficiency, we developed plasmid vectors for localization, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays in Sf9 insect cells. Plasmids were designed to express a protein of interest as a fusion with epitope tags and autofluorescent proteins using the Gateway cloning system. Two robust interactors were utilized to validate this system: the nucleoprotein (N) and the phosphoprotein (P) of maize mosaic virus. The viral N was fused with the carboxy-terminal portion of eYFP and a FLAG epitope tag, and P was fused with the amino-terminal portion of eYFP and a myc epitope tag. The two expression plasmids were cotransfected into Sf9 cells, fluorescence microscopy was used to visualize BiFC, and co-IP was performed to confirm that this system was sensitive enough to detect PPI between the two proteins. BiFC was seen in cells cotransfected with N and P, and co-IP validated the interaction. This plasmid-based system can be used to investigate a variety of PPIs that occur in insects. We validated viral protein interactions that occur in the insect vector, which provides further insights into the biology of rhabdoviruses that are transmitted by insects. The ability to express viral and insect proteins in insect cells for studying PPIs with this streamlined system represents an advancement for protein research in insects. Future work will focus on identifying interacting viral and host proteins and discovery of targets for control of viruses and insect vectors. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Longitudinal Associations Between Use of Tobacco and Cannabis Among People Who Smoke Cigarettes in Real-world Smoking Cessation Treatment
Authors: Nguyen Nhung , Neilands Torsten B. , Lisha Nadra E. , Lyu Joanne Chen , Olson Sarah S. , Ling Pamela M. 
Published: October 2021

Objectives
Cannabis use is common among people who use tobacco. However, little is known about the relationship between change in use of tobacco and cannabis over time. We examined the longitudinal associations between use of the two substances in a realworld smoking cessation context.

Methods
This study analyzed data from a 3-month smoking cessation program delivered via Facebook in the San Francisco Bay Area, USA during 2016–2020. The sample included 487 participants who smoked cigarettes (M
age = 25.4 years old, 39.6% Male, 40.3% White). The regressors (ie, frequency or number of days during the past 30 days using cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and cigars) and the outcome (ie, frequency of cannabis use) were measured at both baseline and 3-month follow-up. Random-effects modeling examined the longitudinal associations between the regressors and the outcome controlling for alcohol use and baseline demographics.

Results
Participants who increased (or decreased) their frequency of use of cigarettes (β = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10, 0.24), e-cigarettes (β = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.17), or cigars (β = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.06, 0.32) also increased (or decreased) their frequency of cannabis use after 3 months. Sexual minority participants (vs heterosexuals) (β = 2.12, 95% CI = 0.01, 4.24) and those whose education attainment being high school or less (vs higher education) (β = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.25, 6.53) were more likely to increase their frequency of cannabis use over time.

Conclusions
The findings indicated positive associations between change in use of tobacco and cannabis use. Promoting cessation among people who use tobacco may help to reduce their cannabis use.
Scoliosis Surgery Normalizes Cardiac Function in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients
Authors: Sarwahi Vishal , Galina Jesse , Atlas Aaron , Gecelter Rachel , Hasan Sayyida , Amaral Terry D. , Maguire Kathleen , Lo Yungtai , Kalantre Sarika 
Published: October 2021

Study Design.
Single-center retrospective chart review with minimum 2-year follow up.

Objective.
To determine incidence of pulmonary hypertension in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and to determine the effect of scoliosis surgery on pulmonary hypertension.

Summary of Background Data.
Spinal deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis can increase right atrial and ventricular pressures secondary to restrictive lung disease. Pulmonary hypertension leading to cor pulmonale is the most feared outcome, however mild pulmonary hypertension in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients has been reported. No study has previously examined changes in the improvement of right heart function following scoliosis surgery.

Methods.
Cobb angle, 2D-echo signs of structural heart disease, aortic root dimensions, tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), arterial blood gas (ABG), and patient demographics reviewed. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) estimated using Bernoulli equation (4[TRV]2) and right atrial pressure. RVSP ≥36 mmHg is a surrogate marker for pulmonary hypertension. All echocardiograms were read by board certified Pediatric Cardiologists. Logistic regression used to assess for differences in TRV between groups.

Results.
Mean preoperative RVSP was significantly elevated in AIS patients (26.9 ± 0.49; P < 0.001) compared with controls (17.25 + 0.88). Only 47 (21%) Group 1 patients had elevated preoperative TRV (≥2.8 m/s) versus none in Group 2 (P < 0.001). Additionally, logistic regression showed AIS patients have odds ratio of 3.29 for elevated TRV (P = 0.007)—an indirect measure of pulmonary hypertension. In all Group 3 patients, the cardiac function normalized postoperatively (mean TRV = 2.09 + 0.23; P < 0.001). No association found between Cobb angle, aortic root parameters, or pulmonary function tests.

Conclusion.
This study found 13.9% of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis had elevated TRV while controls had no TRV abnormalities. Additionally, RVSP measurements demonstrated mild pulmonary hypertension in AIS patients. These abnormal values normalized postoperatively, indicating the benefits of scoliosis surgery on cardiac function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Level of Evidence: 3
Biplane Imaging Versus Standard Transverse Single-Plane Imaging for Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access: A Prospective Controlled Crossover Trial
Authors: Convissar David , Bittner Edward A. , Chang Marvin G. 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Obtaining peripheral IV access in critically ill patients is often challenging especially for novice providers. The availability of biplane imaging for ultrasound guided peripheral access has the potential to improve successful venous cannulation compared with standard plane imaging.

DESIGN:
Single-center quasi-randomized (alternate allocation) crossover trial.

SETTING:
Surgical ICU at the Massachusetts General Hospital.

SUBJECTS:
Twenty surgical ICU nurses with no prior experience using ultrasound for peripheral IV were enrolled.

INTERVENTIONS:
All participants viewed instructional videos on single-plane and biplane imaging for peripheral IV insertion. The participants were then quasi-randomly assigned to use either single-plane or biplane imaging for peripheral IV insertion using a phantom model. The time to catheter completion, successful lumen cannulation, and attempts in which the needle was observed to go through the back wall of the vessel were recorded for each of the three attempts. The following day the participants repeated the peripheral IV insertion with the alternate imaging modality.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Biplane imaging compared with single-plane imaging was associated with a significantly greater overall success rate (78.3% ± 22.4% vs 41.7% ± 26%; p < 0.001), higher first-pass success rate (80% ± 41% vs 45% ± 51%; p = 0.015), faster cannulation times (27.8 ± 14.8 vs 36.6 ± 15.8 s; p = 0.003), and reduced frequency of backwall perforations (0.4 ± 0.7 vs 1.5 ± 0.8; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that the biplane ultrasound imaging approach for vessel cannulation resulted in an overall faster, more successful, and safer peripheral IV access than the standard single-plane transverse approach when performed by novice ultrasound users.
A Pilot Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial to Investigate the Effects of Early Enteral Nutrients in Sepsis
Authors: Shah Faraaz Ali , Kitsios Georgios D. , Yende Sachin , Dunlap Daniel G. , Scholl Denise , Chuan Byron , Al-Yousif Nameer , Zhang Yingze , Nouraie Seyed Mehdi , Morris Alison , Huang David T. , O’Donnell Christopher P. , McVerry Bryan J. 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Preclinical studies from our laboratory demonstrated therapeutic effects of enteral dextrose administration in the acute phase of sepsis, mediated by the intestine-derived incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide. The current study investigated the effects of an early enteral dextrose infusion on systemic inflammation and glucose metabolism in critically ill septic patients.

DESIGN:
Single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized pilot clinical trial (NCT03454087).

SETTING:
Tertiary-care medical center in Pittsburgh, PA.

PATIENTS:
Critically ill adult patients within 48 hours of sepsis diagnosis and with established enteral access.

INTERVENTIONS:
Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive a continuous water (placebo) or enteral dextrose infusion (50% dextrose; 0.5 g/mL) at 10 mL per hour for 24 hours.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
We randomized 58 participants between June 2018 and January 2020 (placebo: n = 29, dextrose: n = 29). Protocol adherence was high with similar duration of study infusion in the placebo (median duration, 24 hr [interquartile range, 20.9–24 hr]) and dextrose (23.9 hr [23–24 hr]) groups (p = 0.59). The primary outcome of circulating interleukin-6 at end-infusion did not differ between the dextrose (median, 32 pg/mL [19–79 pg/mL]) and placebo groups (24 pg/mL [9–59 pg/mL]; p = 0.13) with similar results in other measures of the systemic host immune response. Enteral dextrose increased circulating glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (76% increase; 95% CI [35–119]; p < 0.01) and insulin (53% [17–88]; p < 0.01) compared with placebo consistent with preclinical studies, but also increased blood glucose during the 24-hour infusion period (153 mg/dL [119–223] vs 116 mg/dL [91–140]; p < 0.01). Occurrence of emesis, ICU and hospital length of stay, and 30-day mortality did not differ between the placebo and enteral dextrose groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Early infusion of low-level enteral dextrose in critically ill septic patients increased circulating levels of insulin and the incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide without decreasing systemic inflammation.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Viani Gustavo A. , Gouveia Andre G. , Jacinto Alexandre A. , Moraes Fabio Y. 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
To provide an overview of the achievements and future research with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in prostate cancer.

Methods:
SBRT publications for prostate cancer were retrieved from the Web of Science and Dimension database. Bibliometric analyses were performed using VOSviewer and Prism graph. Analysis of variance test was used to compare the publication, citation, and the mean citation between specialty journals. Network maps were produced to identify authors’ and countries’ collaboration clusters.

Results:
Between 2006 and 2020, 574 publications fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified, and a significant growth trend in publication (P<0.0001) and citation (P=0.001) number was recognized over the period. The United States was the most productive country with 253 (44.2%) articles. The RED Journal had the highest number of publications (14%) and citations (19%). Urology journals published (P=0.01) and cited significantly less than radiation oncology journals (P=0.01). All open access and non–open access number of publications increased over time, with a significant difference between non–open access and open access journals (P<0.0001). Two author clusters were identified, in the United States with the collaboration of Canadian and British authors, and in Italy with the participation of European authors.

Conclusion:
The number of publications and citations on SBRT for prostate cancer has grown linearly in the last decades. The United States is the leading country in this research field, and the use of SBRT in oligometastatic disease, reirradiation, and salvage seems to be hot topics in this research field.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF AFLIBERCEPT FOR THE TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN YOUNG PATIENTS
Authors: Kodjikian Laurent , Tadayoni Ramin , Souied Eric H. , Baillif Stéphanie , Milazzo Solange , Dumas Stéphane , Uzzan Joël , Bernard Lorraine , Decullier Evelyne , Huot Laure , Mathis Thibaud 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:To evaluate the mean change in visual acuity at 52 weeks in patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization treated with aflibercept.Methods:We conducted a prospective noncomparative open-label Phase-II trial. The dosage regimen evaluated in this study was structured into two periods: (1) from inclusion to 20 weeks: a treat-and-extend period composed of three mandatory intravitreal injections, and complementary intravitreal injections performed if needed; (2) from 21 weeks to 52 weeks: a pro re nata period composed of intravitreal injections performed only if needed.Results:A total of 19 patients were included, and 16 completed the 52-week study. At baseline, the mean best corrected visual acuity was 66.56 (±20.72) letters (≈20/50 Snellen equivalent), and the mean central retinal thickness was 376.74µm (±93.77). At 52 weeks, the mean change in the best-corrected visual acuity was +19.50 (±19.36) letters [95% confidence interval = +9.18 to +29.82]. None of the patients included lost ≥15 letters at 24 weeks or 52 weeks. The mean change in central retinal thickness was −96.78µm (±104.29) at 24 weeks and −86.22µm (±112.27) at 52 weeks. The mean number of intravitreal injections was 5.4 (±3.0) at 52-weeks. No ocular serious adverse events related to the treatment were reported.Conclusion:The present analysis shows clinically significant functional and anatomical treatment effect of aflibercept in case of idiopathic choroidal neovascularization. The treat-and-extend regimen proposed after the first injection seems adequate to treat most neovessels.
NONPARANEOPLASTIC AUTOIMMUNE RETINOPATHY VERSUS PERICENTRAL RETINAL DEGENERATION PHENOTYPE: WHICH CAME FIRST? A CASE REPORT
Authors: Garcia Cristina M. , Maleki Arash , Look-Why Sydney , Manhapra Ambika , Durrani Khayyam , Foster Charles S. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To report a case of nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy with phenotypical features of pericentral retinal degeneration (PRD) who responded to IV immunoglobulin therapy.

Methods:
A case report. A 27-year-old man presented with recent subacute progressive nyctalopia and photopsia.

Results:
Dilated fundoscopy demonstrated confluent yellow–white patches along the main temporal vascular arcades with sparing of the central island in the posterior pole. Color vision, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, static visual field, and electroretinographic studies were inconclusive for retinal degeneration. Subsequent genetic testing for known mutations was negative. Workup for paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy was negative. Antiretinal antibodies were positive. The patient was diagnosed with nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy and was treated with IV immunoglobulin, which resulted in objective and subjective improvement on electroretinography, visual field, and optical coherence tomography of the retina.

Conclusion:
Nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy may present in a patient with the clinical phenotype of PRD. It is essential to rule out nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in patients with subacute changes in the natural course of pericentral retinal degeneration because treatment with IV immunoglobulin may be helpful.
Adverse Lifelong Experiences in Portuguese People Living With HIV: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gonçalves Mariana , Maia Ângela 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the adverse life experiences encountered by people living with HIV in Portugal, analyze differences between men and women, and identify which experiences were related to HIV transmission modes—sexual activity or injection drug use. We used a sample of 328 participants with a mean age of 45.64, mostly men (79.6%), with a known diagnosis of HIV for 10.34 years. Women and persons who inject drugs reported significantly more adverse outcomes throughout life. Physical abuse during childhood was significantly associated with the sexual transmission mode, whereas having a parent sent to prison during childhood, physical violence, experiencing a life-threatening injury/illness (other than HIV) during adulthood, and injuring someone during adulthood were associated with injection drug use. Practical implications are discussed at the prevention and intervention levels.
A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of the Impact of Osteoarthritis on Disability Leave, Workers’ Compensation Claims, and Healthcare Payments
Authors: Thakkar Sheena , Gifford Brian , Sell Heather , Schepman Patricia , Robinson Rebecca , Emir Birol 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Examine short-term disability (STD) and workers’ compensation (WC) associated leave and wage replacements, and overall direct healthcare payments, among employees with osteoarthritis (OA) versus other chronically painful conditions; quantifying the impact of opioid use.

Methods:
Analysis of employees with more than or equal to two STD or WC claims for OA or pre-specified chronically painful conditions (control) in the IBM MarketScan Research Databases (2014 to 2017).

Results:
The OA cohort (n = 144,355) had an estimated +1.2 STD days, +$152 STD payments, and +$1410 healthcare payments relative to the control cohort (n = 392,639; P < 0.001). WC days/payments were similar. Differences were partially driven by an association between opioid use, increased STD days/payments, and healthcare payments observed in pooled cohorts (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
OA is associated with high STD days/payments and healthcare payments. Opioid use significantly contributes to these and this should be considered when choosing treatment.
Low attenuation plaque volume on coronary computed tomography angiography is associated with plaque progression
Authors: Wang Guang-xian , Yang Ling , Yang Yan , Zhang Dong , Yu Jie , Wen Li 
Published: October 2021

Background
Patient-related clinical factors, laboratory factors, and some imaging factors may lead to statistical bias when investigating coronary plaque progression. In this study, we avoided patient characteristics by comparing morphological characteristics of plaque progression and nonprogression within the same patient with multiple plaques.

Methods
From August 2011 to December 2018, 177 consecutive patients with 424 plaques who were followed with coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) were reviewed retrospectively. Follow-up images of the plaques were used to determine whether the plaque volume or stenosis grade increased. The plaques were divided into progressive and nonprogressive groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with plaque progression. Through clinical follow-up, we analyzed whether the factors associated with plaque progression were related to major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).

Results
There were 223 plaques that progressed during a mean follow-up period of 27.6 ± 15.9 months. The univariate logistic regression model revealed that only low attenuation plaque (LAP) volume (P = 0.02) was associated with plaque progression. After a mean post-CTA follow-up period of 36.7 ± 18.4 months, 37 patients experienced MACEs, and LAP volume was significantly related to future MACEs.

Conclusion
Only a high baseline LAP volume was associated with plaque progression, and patients with progressive plaques and a high LAP volume were more likely to have future MACEs. More attention should be given to plaques with LAP volumes larger than 2.4 mm3.
Factors associated with cyberbullying among vocational students based on the ecological system model in an ethnic minority area
Authors: Zhou Li , Li Chunyu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the current situation of youth cyberbullying (CB) in an ethnic minority area in China and the socio-ecological factors influencing it to provide a scientific basis for the development of health education and improved decision-making for youth in these areas.
The cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey of 2156 students from 2 vocational high schools in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in December 2019. SPSS 22.1 statistical software was used for data analysis.
CB among vocational school students in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture is relatively common, with 51.62% of the participants reporting having bullied someone and 68.65% reporting having been bullied online. The rate of CB perpetration and victimization among adolescents in minority areas is affected by individuals, family, peer factors, and school climate.
The phenomenon of vocational high school student CB in ethnic minority areas is affected by personal, familial, interpersonal, and school environments. It is recommended that the individual and social-ecological factors in which adolescent CB interventions are formulated in the future be comprehensively considered.