bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural-Urban Differences in Availability of Telemedicine Services Among Medicare Beneficiaries During COVID-19
Authors: Jonk Yvonne Catharina , Ziller Erika , O'Connor Heidi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created substantial disruptions to all aspects of rural and urban U.S. life. At the same time, it has provided opportunities for shifts in health service delivery, including policy innovations to increase telehealth availability and use for diagnosis and treatment of health concerns. However, it is unclear whether rural residents, particularly older adults, have the same access to telehealth services as their urban counterparts. Rural providers may face unique barriers to delivering telehealth services, and rural patients may have more difficulty accessing those services from their homes. This study used the Fall and Summer 2020 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Supplement Public Use Files to examine rural-urban differences in the telemedicine services available to Medicare beneficiaries from their primary care providers, as well as their ability to access those services. Preliminary findings suggest that rural beneficiaries are less likely to have access to telehealth services during the pandemic, they were more likely to exhibit hesitancy towards receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, they were less likely to engage in preventive behaviors such as hand washing and sterilizing surfaces, and more likely to have missed diagnostic or medical screening tests (37%) compared to urban (27%) beneficiaries. Finally, rural beneficiaries were less likely to have a smartphone, computer, or tablet at home and less likely to have access to the internet (78% rural; 84% urban). Policy implications include the need for outreach efforts to better inform the provider community, and efforts to improve rural health system infrastructure available to support telehealth.
Telehealth: A Resource for Vulnerable Populations to Access Oral Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Raveis Victoria , Glotzer David , Ritter Andre 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dental care and adherence to daily oral hygiene practices are particularly important for healthy aging. For socially disadvantaged or impoverished, older community residents, populations who are at risk for long-standing oral disease, public dental clinics are safety nets. In March 2020, when COVID-19 cases surged in the New York metropolitan area, a months-long suspension of the area’s community dental services occurred, including clinical operations at the NYU College of Dentistry. To ameliorate the impact of this widespread service suspension, NYU Dentistry implemented an interim Dental Telehealth Service, open to the community, with telehealth consultations delivered by NYU faculty. This consultative service served a diverse population, adhering to guidelines the American Dental Association (ADA) issued on “urgent” and “emergency” care, with the goal of treating with a minimally invasive approach, to relieve the burden on hospital emergency rooms. Older adults, experiencing dental issues and fearing they were particularly vulnerable to the virus, called into this service, as they desperately wanted to avoid the overwhelmed public hospital ERs. A range of significant dental issues, i.e. pain, swelling, tooth fractures, were addressed. Implementing this community resource was a creative strategy to address a serious health services gap during this public health crisis. It also yielded important insights regarding the feasibility, acceptability and utility of telehealth, as a routine component of dental practice, when treating older adults, who often have serious co-morbidities and limited mobility. Certainly, the conversational nature of telehealth is a less stressful and anxiety-provoking clinical encounter.
Predictors of Classes of Well-Being Among Aging Women
Authors: Woods Nancy , Rillamas-Sun Eileen , Cochrane Barbara , Pike Kenneth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Our aim was to examine the relationship of predictors of well-being from prior studies to the well-being profile developed from data from aging WHI participants. Class 1 included women with both low hedonic and eudaemonic well-being scores, class 4 with the highest scores. Classes 2 and 3 had moderate scores, with class 2 having higher hedonic and lower eudaemonic scores and class 3 having lower hedonic and higher eudaemonic scores. We examined associations between predictors and well-being classes. Youngest women were in Class 4 (mean=60.2 years) and oldest in Class 3 (mean=63.2). African American women had higher proportions in in Classes 2 and 3, Latinas in Classes 1 and 3, and Asian/Pacific Islanders in Class 3. College graduates, married women and those with household incomes &gt;$50,000 were most likely in Class 4. Associations with age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status and income were consistent with prior analyses incorporating individual well-being indicators.
Recruiting Diverse Dementia Family Caregivers: What Works for Which Groups?
Authors: Mendez Kyra , Cotter Valerie , Han Hae-Ra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this presentation is to compare success of recruitment methods by race/ethnicity, age, and kinship of dementia family caregivers. We conducted a cross-sectional study and recruited a convenience sample of dementia family caregivers using community-based and online methods. Recruitment success was tracked through survey questions, direct referrals, and community event sign-ups. Using chi-squared statistics, we examined the success of each method by caregiver race/ethnicity, age, and relationship to person with dementia (kinship). There were significant differences in recruitment source based on race/ethnicity, age, and kinship (P&lt;.001). Specifically, referrals and newspaper advertisements were most successful for recruiting older (54 years+), White, non-Hispanic, and spousal or child caregivers; community events and reputable websites for recruiting older, minority, child caregivers; ResearchMatch for recruiting younger, minority, child/grandchild caregivers; and social media for recruiting younger, White, non-Hispanic, and child caregivers. Findings support the importance of implementing tailored methods to reach diverse dementia caregivers.
Targeting Biological Aging: A New Paradigm for 21st Century Medicine
Authors: Kaeberleien Matt 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Biological age is the greatest risk factor for nearly every major cause of death and disability, including COVID-19. Yet, traditional biomedical research and clinical approaches have focused on waiting until people are sick and treating individual diseases one at a time. Attempts to “cure” age-related diseases have proven unsuccessful, and the impact of “disease-first” approaches continue to be incremental. Recent advances in understanding them mechanisms linking biological aging to disease, or geroscience, have identified interventions that directly target the molecular hallmarks of aging. Unlike disease-specific approaches, such interventions have the potential to prevent multiple diseases of aging simultaneously, thereby greatly enhancing healthspan and lifespan for most individuals. Here I will provide an overview of translational geroscience, which I believe will become the paradigm for the practice of medicine in the 21st century. I will also discuss recent work with one such intervention, the drug rapamycin, and our efforts to eventually delay or reverse biological aging in companion dogs and people.
Dementia and Living Arrangements Among Mexicans and Mexican Americans
Authors: Cantu Phillip , Kim Jiwon , Rote Sunshine , Mejia-Arango Silvia , López-Ortega Mariana , Angel Jacqueline 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study compares the living arrangements of adults 85 and older in Mexican-origin adults in Mexico and the United States. The study uses 475 Mexican-Americans in five southwestern states (Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly, H-EPESE) and 1,710 Mexicans from 32 states in Mexico (Mexican Health and Aging Study, MHAS) to examine living alone vs living with others based on the presence of dementia controlling for demographic, health, and financial correlates. In both countries, more than 20% of respondents living alone have dementia. Dementia is associated with household extension in both countries. Homeownership increases household extension in Mexico but not the U.S. The findings show that individuals with dementia are more likely to live alone in the U.S. than in Mexico. Older individuals with dementia may be at elevated risk of isolation in later life if families or formal organizations cannot provide on-going assistance.
Examining the Gender Disparities in Health Service Utilization Among Older Adults Managing Cognitive Impairments
Authors: McKenzie Camille , Findley Patricia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Comorbid conditions can complicate healthcare access, yet little is known about the impact of cognition on accessing those services. This study aims to examine the effect of gender on health service utilization among the aging population. Data from the National Health Interview (2019) Survey (n=3,058) were utilized to assess the impact of gender on the use of physician and dental services among older adults managing cognitive impairments. We estimated logistic regression models controlling for demographic, health/physical functioning, and psychological predictors. Findings indicated older male respondents managing cognitive impairments were less inclined to utilize both physician (p&lt;.05) and dental (p&lt;.01) health services on a yearly basis as compared to their female counterparts. Household income (aOR = 0.62 [-0.91, -0.06]; aOR = 0.34 [-1.25, -0.90]) and health insurance coverage (aOR = 0.18 [-2.31, -1.13]; aOR = 0.32 [-1.68, -0.62]) respectively were the strongest structural factors limiting access to both physician and dental services, with lower levels of educational attainment (aOR = 0.46 [-1.00, -0.55]) being an additional barrier for dental service utilization. Respondents with low self-rated health were inclined to utilize physician more than dental services (aOR = 2.31 [0.38, 1.29]; aOR = 0.73 [-0.50, -0.14]). It is imperative geriatric practitioners adopt a more integrative approach to health, especially among the aging population managing chronic disabilities, where additional community supports are warranted to promote and maintain physical and oral health.
Discrimination and Mental Health During the Black Lives Matter Movement and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lu Peiyi , Kong Dexia , Shelley Mack 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Discrimination has been more prevalent since the pandemic. Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement flourished in the summer of 2020 as protests against police brutality and racial injustice. However, the extent to which individuals’ discrimination experiences and associated mental health outcomes change amid a global pandemic and a dramatic societal movement in American society remains unknown. This study examines the dynamic relationship of racism and/or Covid-19-related discrimination with changes in mental health in the context of BLM and Covid-19. Data were from U.S. adults (age ≥18) who completed the online Understanding Coronavirus in America survey in June and September of 2020 (n=3,502). Respondents were asked to attribute their discrimination experience to 8 main reasons: (1) Covid-19; (2) national origin/race/skin color; (3) gender/sexual orientation; (4) age; (5) physical feature; (6) education/income; (7) health condition; and (8) religion/other. Quasi-Poisson regression models examined the associations between discrimination and anxiety/depression/stress. Results indicated about 33% of respondents reported discrimination in June compared to 21% in September. Racism was significantly associated with more anxiety/depression/stress in June, but not in September or in the longitudinal trend. Covid-19-related discrimination was associated with elevated levels of anxiety/depression/stress in September and in the longitudinal trend, but not in June 2020. We concluded that individuals’ discrimination experiences are shaped by societal contexts. Specifically, racism was the dominant discrimination attribution in June 2020 when BLM was at its peak. However, Covid-19 discrimination overtook racism as the primary attribution and showed a significant relationship with poorer mental health over time.
Effects of Isolation Among Older Adults Due to Coronavirus Restrictions
Authors: Thomas Cynthia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 residents in a Maryland condominium, four to six months after the presence of the epidemic in the US was recognized in mid-March. The objective was to determine to what extent the restrictions resulting from the presence of a new disease was affecting older adults in their daily lives, and in their plans for the future. All respondents were over the age of 60 and half were more than 80 years old. Two-thirds lived by themselves; most others lived with a husband or wife. Respondents for the most part were following guidelines to wear masks, practice social distancing and avoid close contact with persons outside their homes, including other family members. Over half had already made dramatic changes in their daily activities. Some found an opportunity to develop new skills, had connected with people from the past, or had become more introspective. Others, while exhibiting some of the same characteristics, were more focused on the restrictions they faced, and were more aware than ever of the limited amount of time left in their lives. Differences between respondents in the emphasis of their perspectives are explored, by age, gender, and other characteristics.
Influence of Social Determinants on Self-Rated Health in Three Countries of East Asia
Authors: Cho Jinmyoung , Nakagawa Takeshi , Yeung Dannii 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to compare five domains of social determinants and their associations with self-rated health (SRH) among older adults in China, Japan, and Korea, where they share some cultural values but the development and conditions of economic status, health care system, and education system vary. A total of 10,111 participants aged 65 years and older were included from three harmonized datasets at baseline CHARLS, KLoSA, and JSTAR. Guided by the Healthy People 2020 Framework, five domains of social determinants were included: education levels, economic stability (total income, working for pay), social and community context (social engagement, living with children), health care access (medical center utilization), and neighborhood (rural vs. urban). Regression models showed that working for pay, social engagement, and medical center utilization were significant predictors for SRH in three countries. However, unique predictors have also been observed in China and Korea, which will be discussed in the presentation.
The African Immigrant Dementia Education Project: A Community-University Partnership
Authors: Nkimbeng Manka , Russell Wynfred , Gaugler Joseph 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The African Immigrant Dementia Education project is a community-university partnership with the goal of developing a culturally tailored dementia education program with African immigrants in Minnesota. In collaboration with our community partner (African Career, Education & Resource, Inc.), a project advisory board that features professionals and family members from the African immigrant community was assembled and its first meeting was held in February 2021. Preliminary discussions about content, mode of delivery and cultural considerations of an eventual dementia education intervention have begun. This presentation will offer details on the process of working with an advisory board and community partner to identify and culturally tailor an evidenced-based dementia education curriculum for a unique cultural group. Also, we will present challenges encountered during this process and offer suggestions and strategies to promote successful researcher-community partnerships.
Exploring Factors Contribute to Adhering in Computerized Cognitive Training Among Healthy Older Adults in China
Authors: Liu Yu , Lv Siman , Ni Cuiping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Computerized cognitive intervention has the potential to enhance cognition among healthy older adults. However, little is known of the factors associated with adherence in computerized cognitive training among healthy older adults in China. This study was designed to explore these factors utilizing a descriptive qualitative method. A semi-structured interview was used to interview 13 informants. The analysis suggested that factors associated with adherence to the computerized cognitive intervention, included 3 core themes:(1) individual characteristics, with three subthemes of “having free time”, “emotion”, and “persistence characteristics”; (2) encouragement, with three subthemes of “peer group support”, “support from healthcare professional”, and “supervision from facilitators”; and (3) self-recognized improvement related to training, with two subthemes of “better brain function” and “emotion improved”. The results revealed multi-factors promote adherence including personal and social aspects.
A Comprehensive Cognitive Health Management Model for Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Shanghai
Authors: Qiu Jiayuan , Nie Jing , Fang Yuan , Li Xia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To investigate whether a comprehensive cognitive health management model improves cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai, China. The comprehensive cognitive health management model included brain health screening, individualized brain health consultation and referrals, and annual follow-up monitoring. We compared 161 older adults (43 with MCI, 118 with normal aging) who received the health management model, to an equal size of control group who did not receive the model on their cognition and emotion using Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Over one-year, participants with MCI in the intervention group showed a significant increase of MoCA score than their MCI counterparts in the control group. Participants with normal aging in the intervention group showed no differences in MoCA and GDS with those in the control group. The individualized cognitive health management model is promising to assist community-dwelling older adults with MCI to maintain brain health.
Active Aging and the Mattheus Effect
Authors: Jensen Per 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While active ageing has been discursivized in international organizations and among researchers as a major means to combat the challenges of demographic ageing, this study aims to make a critical-theoretical and empirical assessment of the active ageing concept. It falls into three parts, the first showing how the conceptual framework of active ageing is undertheorized, lacks conceptual and analytical clarity, and that the theoretical framework does not hold clear ideas regarding the factors conditioning active ageing. The second part investigates the main patterns and structuring mechanisms of active ageing in an outcome perspective using Danish data subject to a correspondence analysis. Here, a Matthew Effect of accumulated advantage is found; that is, older adults who are blessed in one sphere of life are also blessed in others, and such inequalities in old age are the outcomes of social life biographies (i.e., cumulative advantages/disadvantages over the life course). Although nursed by the political system, EU ideas about active ageing are only weakly translated into policies and programs. Part three discusses some of the reasons for this, one obviously being that active ageing is elusive and lacks well-defined cause-and-effect descriptions. Another reason is that the concept has been developed in global elite networks that are quite distant from policymakers; at least in a decentralized political system like the Danish welfare state.
Review of Research Into Employer Approaches to Younger Onset Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Workplace
Authors: Carino James , Taylor Philip , Morgan Damian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Younger Onset Dementia (YOD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are relatively prevalent conditions globally which can affect the job performance of individuals in their working lives. This presentation considers the existing research documenting actual, stated or intended approaches taken by employers to managing and supporting employees with these conditions. Nine relevant research projects were identified based on an extensive exploration of the peer reviewed literature. These show that employers have some knowledge of dementia, but do not recognise this as a possible explanation when performance changes occur in the workplace. Employees typically leave or are removed from the workplace before a formal diagnosis or soon after. The literature shows both supportive and unsupportive behaviours toward employees. Drawing from this literature recommendations for increasing the quality of support provided to employees are offered: awareness training to foster earlier detection, clarification of these conditions as a disability, and application of methods to support employees to continue to contribute to the workplace while this is feasible and desirable from both the employer and the employee’s perspective.
Eliminating Disparities and Achieving Health Equity Using Implementation Science
Authors: Prusaczyk Beth , Baumann Ana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Eliminating health disparities and achieving equity are central to aging services, programs, and research, as we work to ensure older adults are treated equitably compared to their younger counterparts. Additionally, aging services, programs, and research are not immune from the structural racism and other inequities that plague all facets of our lives, and we must work to eliminate disparities within them as well. This presentation will discuss how Implementation science can be used to advance both of these fronts. Implementation science frameworks can be used to ensure multiple levels of context are considered, which is critical when working against something as pervasive and structural as racism. Implementation science can also guide the adaptation of evidence-based interventions for different populations, including for older adults or for different racial or ethnic groups. Furthermore, there are important ways health equity research can improve implementation science that advance the shared goal of eliminating disparities.
The Elderhood Mystique
Authors: de Medeiros Kate 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While elderhood recognizes untapped potential and continued growth and creativity in later life, it also risks becoming a dismissive label that positions older people as different, otherworldly, and mysterious. By analyzing the concept of elderhood and similar movements (e.g., sageing, croning, eldering) in popular and academic literature, paying close attention to how elderhood is defined and framed, I found that elderhood has a role in some religious and cultural practices. However, newer approaches to elderhood have emerged from middle aged writers who imagine an idealized role in later life – the elderhood mystique. Often grounded in introspective passivity and selflessness, elderhood parallels Kathleen Woodward’s depiction of wisdom as a disempowering label that discourages activism and resistance by older people. Subsequently, elderhood and wisdom risk becoming new forms of othering or exclusion. Overall, findings underscore the importance of critical analysis of age-related terms, regardless of how positive they seem.