bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Arm, Multicenter Phase I/II Clinical Trial for the Treatment of Envenomings by Massive Africanized Honey Bee Stings Using the Unique Apilic Antivenom
Authors: Barbosa Alexandre Naime , Ferreira Rui Seabra , de Carvalho Francilene Capel Tavares , Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana , Mendes Mônica Bannwart , Mendonça Bruna Cavecci , Batista José Nixon , Trevisol Daisson José , Boyer Leslie , Chippaux Jean-Philippe , Medolago Natália Bronzatto , Cassaro Claudia Vilalva , Carneiro Márcia Tonin Rigotto , de Oliveira Ana Paola Piloto , Pimenta Daniel Carvalho , da Cunha Luís Eduardo Ribeiro , Santos Lucilene Delazari dos , Barraviera Benedito 
Published: March 2021

We evaluated the safety, optimal dose, and preliminary effectiveness of a new-approach Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera) Antivenom (AAV) in a phase I/II, multicenter, non-randomized, single-arm clinical trial involving 20 participants with multiple stings. Participants received 2 to 10 vials of AAV depending on the number of stings they suffered, or a predefined adjuvant, symptomatic, and complementary treatment. The primary safety endpoint was the occurrence of early adverse reactions within the first 24 h of treatment. Preliminary efficacy based on clinical evolution, including laboratory findings, was assessed at baseline and at various time points over the four following weeks. ELISA assays and mass spectrometry were used to estimate venom pharmacokinetics before, during, and after treatment. Twenty adult participants, i.e., 13 (65%) men and 7 (35%) women, with a median age of 44 years and a mean body surface area of 1.92 m2 (median = 1.93 m2) were recruited. The number of stings ranged from 7 to &gt; 2,000, with a median of 52.5. Symptoms of envenoming were classified as mild, moderate, or severe in 80% (16), 15% (3), and 5% (1) of patients, respectively; patients with mild, moderate, or severe envenoming received 2, 6, and 10 vials of AAV as per the protocol. None of the patients had late reactions (serum sickness) within 30 d of treatment. There was no discontinuation of the protocol due to adverse events, and there were no serious adverse events. One patient had a moderate adverse event, transient itchy skin, and erythroderma. All participants completed the intravenous antivenom infusion within 2 h, and there was no loss to follow-up after discharge. ELISA assays showed venom (melittin and PLA2) concentrations varying between 0.25 and 1.479 ng/mL prior to treatment. Venom levels decreased in all patients during the hospitalization period. Surprisingly, in nine cases (45%), despite clinical recovery and the absence of symptoms, venom levels increased again during outpatient care 10 d after discharge. Mass spectrometry showed melittin in eight participants, 30 d after treatment. Considering the promising safety results for this investigational product in the treatment of massive Africanized honeybee attack, and its efficacy, reflected in the clinical improvements and corresponding immediate decrease in blood venom levels, the AAV has shown to be safe for human use. Clinical Trial Registration: UTN: U1111-1160-7011, identifier [RBR-3fthf8].
A Meta-Analysis of Endoscopic vs. Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Non-functioning and Functioning Pituitary Adenomas: Comparisons of Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Guo Shengfu , Wang Zidong , Kang Xiaokui , Xin Wenqiang , Li Xin 
Published: March 2021

Background: Although microscopic (MTSS) and endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) are both effective approaches for treating non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) and functioning pituitary adenomas (FPA), the consensus remains unidentified on whether there are differences in the risk of postoperative complications between the two surgical approaches.Method: A meta-analysis of the study of MTSS vs. ETSS for NFPA and FPA was conducted by searching the electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, from the date of establishment of electronic databases to September 2020 based on the PRISMA guidelines.Results: In this study, a total of 16 studies were selected, hailing from Belgium, the USA, India, Finland, France, Korea, Spain, China, and Canada. We enrolled 1003 patients in the ETSS and 992 patients in the MTSS group. In patients with NFPA, the ETSS group was related to a higher incidence of post-operative gross-total resection (GTR). (OR = 1.655, 95% CI 1.131–2.421, P = 0.010). In participants with FPA, the results illustrated that the ETSS group had higher rates of visual improvement (OR = 2.461, 95% CI 1.109–5.459) and gross-total resection (OR = 2.033, 95% CI 1.335–3.096), as well as lower meningitis rates (OR = 0.195, 95% CI 0.041–1.923). In participants with acromegaly, no significant difference was shown in the postoperative complications.Conclusion: Based on current evidence, participants with NFPA treated by endoscopy were related to higher rates of GTR; patients with FPA treated by ETSS were related to higher rates of visual improvement and GTR, as well as a lower rates of meningitis.
Kinematic and Clinical Outcomes to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Multidisciplinary Intervention on Functional Mobility in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Bouça-Machado Raquel , Branco Diogo , Fonseca Gustavo , Fernandes Raquel , Abreu Daisy , Guerreiro Tiago , Ferreira Joaquim J. ,   The CNS Physiotherapy Study group
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Functional mobility (FM) is a concept that incorporates the capacity of a person to move independently and safely to accomplish tasks. It has been proposed as a Parkinson's disease (PD) functional and global health outcome. In this study, we aimed to identify which kinematic and clinical outcomes changes better predict FM changes when PD patients are submitted to a specialized multidisciplinary program.Methods: PD patients engaged in a pre-defined specialized multidisciplinary program were assessed at admission and discharge. Change from baseline was calculated for all kinematic and clinical outcomes, and Timed Up and Go (TUG) was defined as the primary outcome for FM. A stepwise multivariate linear regression was performed to identify which outcome measures better predict TUG changes.Results: Twenty-four patients were included in the study. The changes in TUG Cognitive test, supervised step length, and free-living (FL) step time asymmetry were identified as the best predictors of TUG changes. The supervised step length and FL step time asymmetry were able to detect a small to moderate effect of the intervention (d values ranging from −0.26 to 0.42).Conclusions: Our results support the use of kinematic outcome measures to evaluate the efficacy of multidisciplinary interventions on PD FM. The TUG Cognitive, step length, and FL step time asymmetry were identified as having the ability to predict TUG changes. More studies are needed to identify the minimal clinically important difference for step length and FL step time asymmetry in response to a multidisciplinary intervention for PD FM.
Effects of Lower Limb Constraint Induced Movement Therapy in People With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdullahi Auwal , Truijen Steven , Umar Naima A. , Useh Ushotanefe , Egwuonwu Victor A. , Van Criekinge Tamaya , Saeys Wim 
Published: March 2021

Background: Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) is effective at improving upper limb outcomes after stroke.Aim: The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of lower limb CIMT studies of any design in people with stroke.Materials/ Method: PubMED, PEDro, OTSeeker, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched from their earliest dates to February 2021. Lower limbs CIMT studies that measured outcomes at baseline and post-intervention were selected. Sample size, mean, and standard deviation on the outcomes of interest and the protocols of both the experimental and control groups were extracted. McMaster Critical Review Form was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies.Result: Sixteen studies with different designs were included in this review. The result showed that lower limb CIMT improves functional, physiological and person's reported outcomes including motor function, balance, mobility, gait speed, oxygen uptake, exertion before and after commencement of activities, knee extensor spasticity, weight bearing, lower limb kinematics and quality of life in people with stroke post intervention. However, there were only significant differences in quality of life in favor of CIMT post-intervention [mean difference (MD) = 16.20, 95% CI = 3.30–29.10, p = 0.01]; and at follow-up [mean difference (MD) = 14.10, 95% CI = 2.07–26.13, p = 0.02] between CIMT and the control group. Even for the quality of life, there was significant heterogeneity in the studies post intervention (I2 = 84%, p = 0.01).Conclusion: Lower limb CIMT improves motor function, balance, functional mobility, gait speed, oxygen uptake, weigh bearing, lower limb kinematics, and quality of life. However, it is only superior to the control at improving quality of life after stroke based on the current literature.
Ten Years of Research on Automatic Voice and Speech Analysis of People With Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review Article
Authors: Martínez-Nicolás Israel , Llorente Thide E. , Martínez-Sánchez Francisco , Meilán Juan José G. 
Published: March 2021

Background: The field of voice and speech analysis has become increasingly popular over the last 10 years, and articles on its use in detecting neurodegenerative diseases have proliferated. Many studies have identified characteristic speech features that can be used to draw an accurate distinction between healthy aging among older people and those with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Speech analysis has been singled out as a cost-effective and reliable method for detecting the presence of both conditions. In this research, a systematic review was conducted to determine these features and their diagnostic accuracy.Methods: Peer-reviewed literature was located across multiple databases, involving studies that apply new procedures of automatic speech analysis to collect behavioral evidence of linguistic impairments along with their diagnostic accuracy on Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. The risk of bias was assessed by using JBI and QUADAS-2 checklists.Results: Thirty-five papers met the inclusion criteria; of these, 11 were descriptive studies that either identified voice features or explored their cognitive correlates, and the rest were diagnostic studies. Overall, the studies were of good quality and presented solid evidence of the usefulness of this technique. The distinctive acoustic and rhythmic features found are gathered. Most studies record a diagnostic accuracy over 88% for Alzheimer's and 80% for mild cognitive impairment.Conclusion: Automatic speech analysis is a promising tool for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The reported features seem to be indicators of the cognitive changes in older people. The specific features and the cognitive changes involved could be the subject of further research.
Therapy Processes Associated With Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy for Depression: Exploring Therapeutic Changes in the Sessions Surrounding the Gains
Authors: Lemmens Lotte H. J. M. , DeRubeis Robert J. , Tang Tony Z. , Schulte-Strathaus Julia C. C. , Huibers Marcus J. H. 
Published: March 2021

Background: The frequency and clinical impact of Sudden Gains—large symptom improvements during a single between-session interval—in psychotherapy for depression have been well established. However, there have been relatively few efforts to identify the processes that lead to sudden gains.Aim: To explore therapy processes associated with sudden gains in cognitive therapy for depression by examining changes in the sessions surrounding the gains, and the session preceding the gain in particular.Methods: Using ratings of video-recordings (n = 36), we assessed the content, frequency and magnitude of within-session cognitive-, behavioral-, and interpersonal change, as well as the quality of the therapeutic alliance in the session prior to the gain (pre-gain session), the session after the gain (post-gain session) and a control session. After that, we contrasted scores in the pre-gain session with those in the control session. In addition, we examined changes that occurred between the pre- and post-gain session (between-session changes) and explored patients' attributions of change.Results: Although not statistically significant, within-session changes were more frequent and stronger in the pre-gain session compared to the control session. The largest difference between the pre-gain and control session was found in the behavioral domain, and reached the level of trend-significance. There were more, and more impactful between-session changes in the interval during which the gain occurred as compared to a control interval. Exploratory analysis of attributions of change revealed eight subcategories, all corresponding with the cognitive-, behavioral- and interpersonal- domain. The quality of the therapeutic alliance was high and almost identical in all sessions.Conclusion: In spite of its small sample size, our study provides relevant descriptive information about potential precipitants of, themes related to, and attributions given for sudden gains. Furthermore, our study provides clear suggestions for future research. A better understanding of session content in the sessions surrounding sudden gains may provide insight into the mechanisms of change in psychotherapy, hereby suggesting treatment-enhancing strategies. We encourage researchers to conduct research that could clarify the nature of these mechanisms, and believe the methods used in this study could serve as a framework for further work in this area.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BOKASI Azolla micropylla DANPUPUK NITROGEN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN CABE RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L) (Daucus carotaL.)
Authors: Nasution Fitra Alghazali , Purba Rosmadelina , Situemang Ringkop 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh pemberian Bokasi Azolla micropylladanpupuk Nitogen Terhadap pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Cabe rawit (Capsicum frutescens L) .Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sait Buttu Saribu Kecamatan Pematang Sidamanik Kabupaten Simalungun dengan ketinggian tempat ±1000mdpl. Rancangan yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama Dosis Bokasi Azolla micropylla A0= Tanpa Azolla, A1 = Azolla 10 ton per Ha, A2=Azolla 15 ton/Ha. Faktor kedua adalah N0= Tanpa Urea, N1= Urea 100 kg/Ha, N2= Urea 200 kg/Ha. Adapun parameter yang diamati adalah : (a) Tinggi tanaman (cm) , (b)Jumlah Cabang (buah) (c) Produksi buah Pertanaman Sampel (gr),Produksi Buah per plot (kg)
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian Bokasi Azolla micropyllaberpengaruh nyata terhadap Tinggi Tanaman , umur 5,10,15 HST , Produksi Buah per tanaman Sampel, Produksi Buah Per plot. Perlakuan Bokasi Azolla A2 menunjukkan tinggi tanaman tertinggi umur 5,10,15 HST masing-masing (32,12 cm),(64,69 cm), 89,15 cm), jumlah cabang ,Jumlah cabang umur 30 dan 45 HST masing –masing (8,84 buah),(14,94 buah), Produksi buah pertanaman sampel (201,56 g) , Produksi Buah Per plot (3,14 kg),
Pemberian Pupuk Urea berpengaruh nyata terhadap Tinggi tanaman umur 5,10,15 HST, Berat buah pertanaman sampel dan Berat buah per plot, tetapi Jumah cabang tidak berpengaruh nyata.Perlakuan Urea N2 menunjukkan Tinggi tanaman Tertinggi umur 5,10,15 HST masing-masing ( 33,20 cm),(75,74 cm),100,57 cm), Jumlah Cabang umur 30 dan 45 HST masing-masing (6,84 buah),(14,96 buah), Produksi Buah Pertanaman Sampel (225,67 g) , Produksi Buah Per plot (2,53 kg)
Perlakuan Interaksi Bokasi dan Pupuk Urea tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap Tinggi tanaman umur 5,10 dan 15 HST, Jumlah Cabang umur 30 dan 45 HST, Produksi Buah pertanaman Sampel, Produksi Buah Per plot.Perlakuan Interaksi Bokasi Azolla dan Urea A2N2 menunjukkan Tinggi tanaman Tertinggi umur 5,10,15 HST masing-masing (35,15 cm), (81,66 cm), (109,05 cm), Jumlah Cabang umur 30 dan 45 HST masing-masing (9,51 cm), 18,48 cm), Produksi buah per tanaan sampel (256,10 g), Produksi buah Per plot(3,43 kg)
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata) dan PENGGUNAAN MULSA PLASTIK HITAM PERAK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TERUNG UNGGU (Solanum melongena L).
Authors: Purba Jonner , Situmeang Ringkop , Sinaga Latif Rasidi 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian dilaksanakan dilahan pertanian di Nagori Bandar Manis,Kecamatan Pematang Bandar, Kabupaten Simalungun, dengan ketinggian ± 300 m diatas permukaan laut. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulanMei sampai September 2018.Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: tali plastik, cangkul, parang, meteran, papan label, timbangan, gembor, polibag, handsprayer, alat tulis, kalkulator.Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah : lahan untuk penanaman, benih terung unggu Mustang F1 cap Panah Merah, mulsa plastik hitam perak cap Alpen, pupuk kandang, Urea, KCl, TSP, pupuk NPK Mutiara, pupuk organik cair keong mas, EM4, Insektisida (Matador 80 EC), Fungisida (Antracol 70 WP), Insektisida Klopindo 10 WP, Fungisida Dhetine M45 80 WP, Bakterisida Agrept 20 WP.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dua faktor, pertama pemberian pupuk organik cair keong mas yaitu PO(Tanpa pemberian pupuk organik cair keong mas), P1 (15 cc/liter air), P2(30 cc/liter air), P3(45 cc/liter air). Faktor kedua penggunaan mulsa palstik hitam perak yaitu MO(Tanpa penggunaan mulsa plastik hitam perak), M1(Penggunaan mulsa plastik hitam perak), diperoleh 8 kombinasi dan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah cabang produktif (buah), jumlah buah pertanaman (buah), bobot buah pertanaman (kg), bobot buah perplot (kg). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwaperlakuan pupuk organik cair keong mas dan penggunaan mulsa berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang produktif ,jumlah buah per tanaman (buah), bobot buah per tanaman(gr), bobot buah per plot (kg).Interaksi perlakuan pupuk organik cair keong mas dan mulsa plastik hitam perak tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang produktif, bobot buah per tanaman (gr), bobot buah per plot (kg), tetapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman (buah).
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KACANG MERAH(Vigna angularis). DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK NPK DAN PUPUK KASCING
Authors: Sihaloho Arvita Netti , Purba Rosmadelina , Sihombing Noviandi 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Simpang Pelita, Kecamatan Pematang Bandar, Kabupaten Simalungun.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan, yang dimulai dari bulan Mei 2018 sampai bulan Juli 2018.Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk NPK, pupuk Kascing dan interaksi pupuk NPK dan pupuk Kascing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan yaitu Faktor pertama: Pemberian pupuk NPK terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu :(N1 =50 kg/ha atau 5 g/m2),(N2 =75 kg/ha atau 7,5 g/m2)dan (N3 =100 kg/ha atau 10 g/m2). Faktor Kedua: Dosis Pupuk Kascing terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : (K1 = 75 kg/ha atau 7,5 g/m2),(K2 = 100 kg/ha atau 10 g/m2),dan : (K3 = 125 kg/ha atau 12,5 g/m2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perlakuan pemberian pupuk NPK berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur berbunga, jumlah polong per tanaman, bobot biji pertanaman, bobot per 100 biji dan bobot biji per plot.Perlakuan pemberian pupuk Kascing berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur berbunga, bobot per 100 biji dan bobot biji per plot.Interaksi pupuk NPK dan pupuk Kascing berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan umur berbunga.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA TANAM CEMARAN LUMPUR SIDOARJO
Authors: Yusuf Abdilla 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tumbuh tanaman buah naga menggunakan lumpur Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Green House dan Laboratorium Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, dengan ketinggian ± 5 mdpl pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2019. Metode penelitian yang yaitu metode deskriptif menggunakan media tanam lumpur lapindo yang terdiri dari 4 macam yaitu LP0 (100% Tanah), LP1(10% lumpur lapindo), LP2 (20% lumpur lapindo), dan LP3 (30% lumpur lapindo). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi lumpur lapindo dapat menyebabkan penghambatan pertumbuhan terhadap tanaman buah naga. Pada perlakuan LP1 tanaman buah naga menunjukkan respon pertumbuhan meskipun lebih rendah dari perlakuan kontrol (PL0), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanaman buah naga memiliki toleransi terhadap konsentrasi lumpur lapindo 10%. Sedangkan pada perlakuan LP2 dan LP3, respon pertumbuhan belum terlihat, namun terdapat pertumbuhan akar-akar baru, sehingga terdapat kemungkinan adanya pertumbuhan tanaman buah naga pada pengamatan yang lebih lama.

Kata kunci: respon pertumbuhan, lumpur Sidoarjo, tanaman buah naga
Assessing merged status with Pillai scores based on dynamic formant contours
Authors: Jibson Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

When Pillai scores are used to study vowel mergers, formants are typically sampled from the midpoint. This study compares alternative methods for calculating Pillai scores: methods that incorporate dynamic spectral information. Eighteen speakers produced 20 tokens of Hodd and hawed. Formants were sampled at 20–35–50–65–80% duration. Seven Pillai scores were calculated, each based on a different subset of those samples with temporal pooling: (i) onsets, (ii) heads, (iii) midpoints, (iv) onsets + offsets, (v) heads + tails, (vi) onsets + midpoints + offsets, and (vii) all five. Subjects also completed a vowel identification task, and the rate of identifying one low-back vowel as the other was calculated. The results of the identification task were regressed on each Pillai score separately to identify the one with the highest correlation, through model selection. Dynamic formant contours performed better than static formant values, with midpoint sampling performing worst of all. Directions are discussed for basic research on Pillai scores in phonetics.
Cross-linguistic scope ambiguity: An investigation of English, Spanish, and Mandarin
Authors: Song Yongjia , Hernandez Jimenez Abimael , Scontras Gregory 
Published: March 2021

Faced with a sentence like Every horse didn't jump over the fence as a description of a scenario in which one out of two horses jumped, adults readily endorse the utterance as a good description, while children overwhelmingly reject it. However, systematic changes to the task setup lead to marked increases in children's endorsement rates (Musolino & Lidz 2006; Viau et al. 2010). Savinelli et al.(2017) use a computational cognitive model of utterance endorsement in truth-value judgment tasks to analytically demonstrate that both children and adults' interpretation behavior is affected by pragmatic manipulations. We test a clear prediction of these models: manipulating the conversational goal (or Question Under Discussion) should lead to clear effects on utterance endorsement. In addition to investigating the predictions for English, we also investigate Spanish and Mandarin, where the status of the relevant ambiguity may be less clear.