bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource Realities: Exploring the Foundations of Successful Implementation in School‐Based Drug Prevention*
Authors: Eisman Andia B. , Martin Jeffrey , Hasson Rebecca E. , Kilbourne Amy M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundComprehensive health education in schools can effectively prevent drug use and related outcomes, but successful implementation remains challenging. Contextual determinants, including intervention‐setting compatibility, focus on the intervention, available resources, and leadership support, influence implementation success. This study investigates the impact of multilevel contextual determinants on Michigan Model for Health: (MMH) curriculum fidelity.MethodsHigh school health teachers across Michigan (N = 171) participated in an MMH implementation survey. We used structural equation modeling to investigate the relative contributions of contextual determinants to implementation fidelity while also permitting the determinant factors to covary.ResultsThe models demonstrate a good fit with the data (structural: X2 = 51, df: 34, p = 0.03; RMSEA: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.08; CFI: 0.98). Results indicate that the context latent factors individually were associated with fidelity. Examined together, we found significant covariance between the latent factors, but only resources predicted fidelity.Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and EquitySchool health policy and practice benefit from sufficient resources to support prevention curriculum implementation. Insufficient resources exacerbate existing barriers in low‐resource communities, leading to unequal intervention implementation and widening health disparities.ConclusionsOur results indicate that while contextual determinants are interrelated, sufficient resources are foundational to successful implementation.
Socio‐economic disparities in the psychosocial and economic impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children and young people in Australia
Authors: O'Connor Meredith , Lange Katherine , Downes Marnie , Moreno‐Betancur Margarita , Burgner David , Priest Naomi , Sung Valerie , Brown Stephanie J , Gartland Deirdre , Perrett Kirsten P , Goldfeld Sharon , Olsson Craig A 
Published: December 2024

AimsWhile COVID‐19 no longer presents a global health emergency, the indirect (non‐infection) impacts of the pandemic may exacerbate health inequalities in years to come. We examined the socio‐economic distribution of the impacts of the pandemic on the psychosocial and economic well‐being of children, young people and their families.MethodsThe CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) was conducted in seven existing longitudinal cohorts, together involving n = 3072 participants aged 0–19 years. Online surveys were conducted from May 2020–April 2021, during periods of low infection but stringent public health measures in Victoria, Australia. Analysed CRISIS domains included: COVID‐19‐related worries, mood state, economic difficulties and positive life changes. Social disadvantage of each sample was characterised by pre‐pandemic maternal education, unemployment, income and neighbourhood disadvantage, avoiding cross‐sectional data limitations. The proportion of children experiencing each type of pandemic impact was estimated within each cohort.ResultsSubstantial socio‐economic disparities were observed. COVID‐19‐related worries were 22 percentage points higher in the most (24.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 19.4–29.1) versus least (2.9%, 95% CI 1–4.7) disadvantaged cohorts. Similar patterns were noted for negative mood state (19.4%, 95% CI 15–23.9 vs. 3.6%, 95% CI 1.6–5.6), economic difficulties (18.5%, 95% CI 14.2–22.9 vs. 5.7%, 95% CI 3.3–8.1) and lower levels of positive life changes (63.7%, 95% CI 58.3–69.1 vs. 83.2%, 95% CI 78.9–87.4).ConclusionsIndirect consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic showed significant disparities across populations experiencing different socio‐economic conditions. The pandemic offers a unique opportunity to rethink and redesign policies and services to achieve greater equity now and better preparedness for global crises in future.
Effects of Hydrolysed Poultry Byproduct Meal on Metabolic, Inflammatory and Oxidative Parameters in Cats
Authors: de Ramos Eloise Cristina , Scarpim Lucas Bassi , Pescuma Mariana Gilbert , Goloni Camila , Pacheco Letícia Graziele , Theodoro Stephanie de Souza , Carciofi Aulus Cavalieri 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHydrolysed proteins are of interest owing to their potential effects on metabolic and physiological responses, low allergenicity and high digestibility. This study aimed to evaluate the use of hydrolysed poultry byproduct meal (HPM) as a replacement for conventional poultry byproduct meal (PBM) as a protein source and to study its effects on serum cytokines, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) activity, serum antioxidant parameters, blood pressure, and urinary parameters in cats. The replacement of PBM with HPM was evaluated using five formulations with similar chemical compositions: control (PBM as the sole protein source) and the inclusion of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% HPM (on an as‐fed basis). Thirty cats were distributed into two randomised blocks of 15 cats, with 3 cats per diet in each block, totalling 6 cats per food. After 10 days of diet adaptation, the urine of the cats was quantitatively collected from Days 11 to 15, and on the day 21 blood samples were collected and blood pressure was evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by polynomial contrasts. Non‐parametrically distributed variables were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05). All the cats remained healthy throughout the study period. Diet did not affect urine volume; intake and excretion of sodium, potassium, and chloride; blood pressure; ACE plasma activity; or serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels (p > 0.05). Among the oxidative parameters, there was a quadratic increase in lipid peroxidation and glutathione S‐transferase (higher values at 10% HPM) (p < 0.05). A quadratic increase was observed for steam cell factor, interferon‐γ, IL‐4, and IL‐8 (p < 0.05), with higher values for cats fed 5% and 10% HPM diets. A nonparametric distribution with higher values for cats fed the 5% HPM diet was observed for monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1; tumour necrosis factor‐α; IL‐2; and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we observed that the intake of diets containing 5% and 10% HPM stimulated the antioxidant system and the secretion of several cytokines involved in the preparation and function of the immune system, suggesting potential biological functions with implications for cat health deserving further investigation.
The Effect of Propolis on Hatched Eggs Previously Infected With Avian Pathogenic E. coli
Authors: Abdelbaki Mohamed Mahmoud , Arafa Amany Ahmed , Rabie Nagwa Saad , Ghetas Aly Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe investigated the effect of propolis as a sanitiser on hatched eggs previously infected with avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (APEC) serogroup O78. A green propolis watery extract at 24% and a native breed hatching eggs have been used in this study. A total number of five virulence genes had been detected in E. coli serotype O78 used in this study indicating the pathogenicity of this isolate. The use propolis as a sanitiser for hatching eggs negatively decreased the hatchability percent and increased the embryonic death percent. However, it had a high strength against E. coli serogroup O78 as it significantly reduced the mean colony‐forming unit (CFU) count in livers and yolks 4 days post‐challenge and in 1‐day‐old chicks. Our results indicated the antibacterial effect of a green propolis watery extract at 24% against APEC serogroup O78. However, the effect of low concentrations of the propolis against hatchability and embryonic death rates should be tested.
The elephant in the room of EU copyright originality: Time to unpack and harmonize the essential requirement of copyright
Authors: Iaia Vincenzo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe dividing line between the artistic and literary heritage privatized by copyright and the public domain depends on just one word which is completely alien to the traditional legal jargon: originality. As if it were not enough the essential requirement of copyright is highly polysemic, being its meaning also sensitive to the specific temporal and geographical context. For instance, the same interior design for make‐up stores has been reputed original in Italy but not in France and Portugal. The European legislator has deeply regulated several aspects of copyright, but paradoxically it is laconic on the fundamental element triggering the exclusive right: a work is original if it reflects the author's own intellectual creation. Although the CJEU played a pivotal role in filling this gap through a string of decisions, national judges are still uncertain on the relevant factors for the originality assessment, as witnessed by three new references for preliminary rulings. The different approaches to the originality requirement could be problematic for the well‐functioning of the artistic and cultural markets considering the potential heterogeneous legal status of the same creation, which might be under copyright protection in one Member State while in the public domain in another one. This could prejudice rights clearance processes, including the latest one regarding text and data mining for machine learning purposes advocated by a line of scholars. By elaborating on settled European and national case‐law, this paper extracts some metrics for ensuring legal certainty on the interpretation of the originality requirement. These coordinates could be incorporated in a wider European intervention harmonizing copyright law, keen to the Wittem Group project. Finally, it argues that the idea of introducing copyright formalities would also ensure more legal certainty on the status of intellectual works since the computational analysis of voluntary registrations could become a useful tool for predicting the originality of future works.
Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of Rhipicephalus microplus resistance to chemical acaricides at intra‐farm level: A case study using ivermectin
Authors: Morel Nicolas , Torrents Jorgelina , Sarli Macarena , Rossner Maria V. , Lifschitz Adrián L. , Nava Santiago 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe aim of this work was to analyse the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888) (Acari: Ixodidae) resistance to chemical acaricides at intra‐farm level under different environmental (favourable and unfavourable areas for tick development) and management (different schemes of acaricides applications) conditions using ivermectin as a model. The in vitro larval immersion test (LIT) was used to determine quantitatively the levels of resistance to ivermectin in the different populations and subpopulations of R. microplus analysed. In the first case study, differences in resistance levels among tick samples within the same paddock across time and among tick samples from different paddocks were recorded. These results stress the importance of taking successive samples so that they represent the spatial and temporal variabilities in the levels of resistance that can occur within the same farm. In a second case study, the evolution of resistance in R. microplus subpopulations subjected to strategic and threshold control methods based on the application of three annual treatments with alternation of chemical groups was compared. No changes in resistance/susceptibility status were observed in both tick subpopulations. These results show that the application of a particular drug once a year within a scheme of alternation with other chemical groups could be an appropriate strategy to delay the development of resistance. Data of the third case study showed that environmental constraints is not only a key modulator of R. microplus abundance but could also affect the evolution of resistance in the tick populations. The decreasing trend of LC50 values in the tick subpopulation not exposed to chemical treatments but also in that subpopulation exposed to three annual chemical treatments under unfavourable environmental conditions allow us to hypothesise that environmental constraints can modify the levels of resistance in a tick population because it can constitute a stronger selection factor than the treatments themselves.
Differential effects of photophase on the reproductive behaviour of two species of medico‐legal relevance, Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma (Wiedemann, 1830) and Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
Authors: Ferreira Henrique Rafael Pontes , de Moura Barbosa Taciano , Vasconcelos Simão Dias 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe nocturnal behaviour and reproduction patterns of Sarcophagidae species during the scotophase are largely unexplored for species in the Neotropical region. The aim of this study was to assess the light regimes under which females of Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma (Wiedemann, 1830) and Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (Wiedemann, 1830) would larviposit and understand how these variables influence intrauterine development in these flies. The experiments were conducted in an experimental room (lux = 100) in two independent experiments: I. Larviposition test: Females mated with males of over 8 days old. II. Intrauterine development test: females over 8 days old and mated were individually isolated. Both experiments were performed under photophases (L:D) of 0:24, 6:18; 12:12; 18:6 and 24:0 for a period of 96 h. Larviposition occurred in total darkness for P. (P.) chrysostoma and P. (S.) lambens in all treatments, without significant differences among photophase treatments (p > 0.05). Photophase influenced the timing of larviposition, occurring as early as 24 h in 12:12 L:D conditions, while no larviposition was observed in the first 24 h in the 0:24 treatment for either species. The light duration significantly affected the percentage of gravid females of both species (p < 0.05), with higher percentages of gravid females in treatments of longer light duration. Females at the initial and intermediate stages of egg development were more strongly associated with treatments of continuous darkness (0:24) or short photophase (6:18), whereas females with an advanced stage of egg development were more prevalent in the 12:12 treatment. The implications of these findings for forensic entomology are profound, challenging conventional knowledge by revealing that necrophagous insects are not limited to diurnal activity patterns.
Commentary on the 2021 update of the KDIGO clinical practice guideline for management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease
Authors: See Emily J. , Cullen Vanessa ,   the Caring for Australians and New Zealanders with Kidney Impairment (CARI) Guideline Group
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe 2021 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure (BP) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) provided significant practice‐changing recommendations for the care of both adult and paediatric CKD patients not receiving dialysis. The purpose of this review is to contextualise these recommendations and evaluate their applicability to the Australian and New Zealand context. Key updates presented in this guideline relate to measurement techniques, with a strong recommendation for standardised office BP measurement, as opposed to routine office BP measurement. Standardised measurement is more nuanced, compared to routine measurement, in terms of patient preparation, technique, timing, and duration of measurement, which may produce more accurate measurements but may require restructuring of clinical appointments and retraining of staff. The target systolic BP level for non‐dialysis, non‐transplant adult CKD patients suggested is <120 mmHg. The lifestyle and pharmacological interventions for lowering BP include regular exercise, a low‐sodium diet, and renin‐angiotensin‐system (RAS) inhibitors in patients with comorbid diabetes or albuminuria. This commentary identifies several patient subgroups requiring further investigation and clinical guidance, including diabetic CKD, dialysis and transplant recipients with CKD, and paediatric CKD, and highlights the importance of further exploring the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on high BP in CKD patients.
Membrane nanodomains to shape plant cellular functions and signaling
Authors: Hdedeh Omar , Mercier Caroline , Poitout Arthur , Martinière Alexandre , Zelazny Enric 
Published: December 2024

SummaryPlasma membrane (PM) nanodomains have emerged as pivotal elements in the regulation of plant cellular functions and signal transduction. These nanoscale membrane regions, enriched in specific lipids and proteins, behave as regulatory/signaling hubs spatially and temporally coordinating critical cellular functions. In this review, we first examine the mechanisms underlying the formation and maintenance of PM nanodomains in plant cells, highlighting the roles of PM lipid composition, protein oligomerization and interactions with cytoskeletal and cell wall components. Then, we discuss how nanodomains act as organizing centers by mediating protein–protein interactions that orchestrate essential processes such as symbiosis, defense against pathogens, ion transport or hormonal and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. Finally, we introduce the concept of nanoenvironments, where localized physicochemical variations are generated in the very close proximity of PM nanodomains, in response to stimuli. After decoding by a dedicated machinery likely localized in the vicinity of nanodomains, this enrichment of secondary messengers, such as ROS or Ca2+, would allow specific downstream cellular responses. This review provides insights into the dynamic nature of nanodomains and proposes future research to better understand their contribution to the intricate signaling networks that govern plant development and stress responses.
Artificial intelligence virtual assistants in primary eye care practice
Authors: Stuermer Leandro , Braga Sabrina , Martin Raul , Wolffsohn James S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeTo propose a novel artificial intelligence (AI)‐based virtual assistant trained on tabular clinical data that can provide decision‐making support in primary eye care practice and optometry education programmes.MethodAnonymised clinical data from 1125 complete optometric examinations (2250 eyes; 63% women, 37% men) were used to train different machine learning algorithm models to predict eye examination classification (refractive, binocular vision dysfunction, ocular disorder or any combination of these three options). After modelling, adjustment, mining and preprocessing (one‐hot encoding and SMOTE techniques), 75 input (preliminary data, history, oculomotor test and ocular examinations) and three output (refractive, binocular vision status and eye disease) features were defined. The data were split into training (80%) and test (20%) sets. Five machine learning algorithms were trained, and the best algorithms were subjected to fivefold cross‐validation. Model performance was evaluated for accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1 score and specificity.ResultsThe random forest algorithm was the best for classifying eye examination results with a performance >95.2% (based on 35 input features from preliminary data and history), to propose a subclassification of ocular disorders with a performance >98.1% (based on 65 features from preliminary data, history and ocular examinations) and to differentiate binocular vision dysfunctions with a performance >99.7% (based on 30 features from preliminary data and oculomotor tests). These models were integrated into a responsive web application, available in three languages, allowing intuitive access to the AI models via conventional clinical terms.ConclusionsAn AI‐based virtual assistant that performed well in predicting patient classification, eye disorders or binocular vision dysfunction has been developed with potential use in primary eye care practice and education programmes.
The LCG1‐OsBP5/OsEBP89‐Wx module regulates the grain chalkiness and taste quality in rice
Authors: Tu Bin , Zhang Tao , Liu Pin , Yang Wen , Zheng Ling , Dai Ying , Wang Hao , Lin Song , Zhang Zehua , Zheng Xiaohang , Yuan Mengting , Chen Yong , Zhu Xiaobo , Yuan Hua , Li Ting , Xiong Jiawei , Zhong Zhaohui , Chen Weilan , Ma Bingtian , Qin Peng , Wang Yuping , Li Shigui 
Published: December 2024

SummaryIt is well known that the overall quality of japonica/geng rice is superior to that of indica/xian rice varieties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the quality disparities between these two subspecies of rice are still largely unknown. In this study, we have pinpointed a gene homologous to SLR1, termed LCG1, exhibiting significant expression during early caryopsis development and playing a specific role in regulating rice chalkiness and taste by affecting the accumulation of grain storage components, starch granule structure and chain length distribution of amylopectin. LCG1 physically interacts with OsBP5 and indirectly influences the expression of the amylose synthesis gene Waxy (Wx) by hindering the transcriptional activity of the OsBP5/OsEBP89 complex. Notably, sequence variations in the promoter region of LCG1 result in enhanced transcription in japonica rice accessions. This leads to elevated LCG1 expression in CSSL‐LCG1Nip, thereby enhancing rice quality. Our research elucidates the molecular mechanism underlying the impact of the LCG1‐OsBP5/OsEBP89‐Wx regulatory pathway on rice chalkiness and taste quality, offering new genetic resources for improving the indica rice quality.
Modification of Fc‐fusion protein structures to enhance efficacy of cancer vaccine in plant expression system
Authors: Lim Sohee , Chung Hyun Joo , Oh Yoo Jin , Hinterdorfer Peter , Myung Soon Chul , Seo Young‐Jin , Ko Kisung 
Published: December 2024

SummaryEpithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) fused to IgG, IgA and IgM Fc domains was expressed to create IgG, IgA and IgM‐like structures as anti‐cancer vaccines in Nicotiana tabacum. High‐mannose glycan structures were generated by adding a C‐terminal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif (KDEL) to the Fc domain (FcK) to produce EpCAM‐Fc and EpCAM‐FcK proteins in transgenic plants via Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation. Cross‐fertilization of EpCAM‐Fc (FcK) transgenic plants with Joining chain (J‐chain, J and JK) transgenic plants led to stable expression of large quaternary EpCAM‐IgA Fc (EpCAM‐A) and IgM‐like (EpCAM‐M) proteins. Immunoblotting, SDS–PAGE and ELISA analyses demonstrated that proteins with KDEL had higher expression levels and binding activity to anti‐EpCAM IgGs. IgM showed the strongest binding among the fusion proteins, followed by IgA and IgG. Sera from BALB/c mice immunized with these vaccines produced anti‐EpCAM IgGs. Flow cytometry indicated that the EpCAM‐Fc fusion proteins significantly activated CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD4+ helper T cells and B cells, particularly with EpCAM‐FcKP and EpCAM‐FcP (FcKP) × JP (JKP). The induced anti‐EpCAM IgGs captured human prostate cancer PC‐3 and colorectal cancer SW620 cells. Sera from immunized mice inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion; down‐regulated proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki‐67) and epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers (Vimentin); and up‐regulated E‐cadherin. These findings suggest that N. tabacum can produce effective vaccine candidates to induce anti‐cancer immune responses.