bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computing Time Series Data During Index Based De-Duplication of Industrial IoT Data in Cloud Environment
Authors: U Muthunagai S , R Anitha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As a result of the development in Industry 4.0, the data generated within the Industries are increasing rapidly every day to attain the innovative environment within the industry through maximal asset utilization. Meanwhile, the redundancy rate in the server is also increasing, which has an impact on the storage as well as in the analysis of data. Most existing de-duplication techniques partition the data with respect to memory. However if the time period is considered for partition, time-series analysis would be achieved during the de-duplication process. To address the above issue, the proposed work presents the Index Based De-duplication technique with Categorized Region Method for computing time-series data. The Merkle Tree with a super feature called reckoning of occurrence is combined in the proposed system to rapidly identify the existence of similar data in the distributed system with an accurate existence count that significantly helps in predicting the future drifts of the industrial environment. Finally, the proposed system also concludes with optimal transportation cost to reach the storage nodes in the cloud using MODI method. The experimental results reveal that the proposed model is efficient since it facilitates less memory and less computation overhead. The proposed technique achieves space reduction by 98%, reduces the computation overhead during analysis by 55%, and increases the efficacy of cloud storage by 60%.
Empirical Treatment Against Cytomegalovirus and Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Infants with Severe Pneumonia: Study Protocol for a Multicenter, an Open-Label Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Tagarro Alfredo , Moraleda Cinta , Dominguez Sara , Tam Pui-Ying Iroh , Buck Christopher William , Mujuru Hilda Angela , Musiime Victor , Sacarlal Jahit , Chabala Chishala , Leroy Valerianne , Bassat Quique , Marcy Olivier , Bates Matthew , Magallhaes Justina , Burger David , Nardone Alessandra , Moh Raoul , Mvalo Tisungane , Madrid Lola , Manukyan Lilit , Sancho Aranzazu , Prieto Luis Manuel , Rojo Pablo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Pneumonia is the primary cause of death among HIV-infected children in Africa, with mortality rates as high as 35-40% in infants hospitalized with severe pneumonia. Bacterial pathogens and Pneumocystis jirovecii are well known causes of pneumonia-related death, but other important causes such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and tuberculosis (TB) remain under-recognized and under-treated.The immune response elicited by CMV may be associated with the risk of developing TB and TB disease progression, and CMV may accelerate disease caused both by HIV and TB. Minimally invasive autopsies confirm that CMV and TB are unrecognized causes of death in children wit HIV. CMV and TB may also co-infect the same child. The aim of this study is to compare the impact on 15-day and 1-year mortality of empirical treatment against TB and CMV plus standard of care (SoC) versus SoC in HIV-infected infants with severe pneumonia. Methods This is a Phase II-III, open-label randomized factorial (2x2) clinical trial, conducted in six African countries. The trial has four arms. Infants from 28 to 365 days of age HIV-infected and hospitalized with severe pneumonia will be randomized (1:1:1:1) to i) SoC, ii) valganciclovir iii) TB-T and iv) TB-T plus valganciclovir. The primary endpoint of the study is all-cause mortality, focusing on the short term (up to 15-days) and long-term (up to 1-year) mortality. Secondary endpoints include repeat hospitalization, duration of oxygen therapy during initial admission, severe and notable adverse events, adverse reactions, CMV and TB prevalence at enrolment, TB incidence, CMV viral load reduction, and evaluation of diagnostic tests such as GeneXpert Ultra on fecal and nasopharyngeal aspirate samples and urine TB-LAM.Discussion Given the challenges in diagnosing CMV and TB in children and results from previous autopsy studies that show high rates of poly-infection in HIV-infected infants with respiratory disease, , this study aims to evaluate a new approach including empirical treatment of CMV and TB for this patient population. The potential downsides of empirical treatment of these conditions including toxicity, and medication interactions, which will be evaluated with pharmacokinetics substudies. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03915366, Universal Trial Number U111-1231-4736, Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201994797961340.
SIRT3 Protects Against Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy Via JNK/p66Shc-Regulated Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Mice
Authors: Lyu Zhuochen , Luo Shiyuan , Li Yinjiao , Yao Liangfang , Chen Feng , Tu Qing , Yuan Yuan , Li Jinbao , Luo Yan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is one of the severe central nervous system complications. Oxidative stress and synaptic dysfunction were involved in cognitive impairment induced by SAE. The mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent deacetylase, sirtuin3 (SIRT3), plays a critical role in regulating mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SIRT3 in cognitive dysfunction induced by SAE.Methods: Mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Contextual and cue memory were evaluated by fear conditioning test in wild-type (WT) and SIRT3-deficient (SIRT3-/-) mice. Synapse-associated proteins and mitochondrial apoptosis-associated protein were examined by western blotting. In vitro studies, acetylation levels of cyclophilin D (CypD) were detected with different SIRT3 deacetylase activity in HT22 cells after LPS-induced microglia supernatant (Mi-sup) exposure. Oxidative stress was detected by reactive oxygen species (ROS) staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 staining, and mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening was detected by Calcein and Co2+ staining. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of mitochondrial p66Shc and JNK were evaluated by western blotting.Results: SIRT3 expression was diminished in hippocampus of mice after LPS treatment. SIRT3-deficiency contributed to more severe contextual memory loss and synaptic dysfunction, decreased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and increased Cyt C release to cytoplasm in hippocampus compared with wild-type controls. In HT22 cells, lysine acetylation levels of CypD were significantly increased after Mi-sup exposure and further enhanced with 3-TYP (SIRT3 deacetylation inhibitor) pretreatment, in association with the accumulation of ROS, declined MMP and increased MPTP opening, as well as the increased mitochondrial Cyt C release and phosphorylation levels of mitochondrial JNK and p66Shc-Ser36. SIRT3 overexpression restored CypD lysine acetylation levels and MPTP opening in HT22 cells after Mi-sup exposure and reduced mitochondrial JNK and p66Shc activation. Conclusions: Taken together, our results showed that SIRT3-mediated CypD deacetylation was involved in LPS-induced hippocampal synaptic dysfunction, via ROS accumulation, declined MMP, increased MPTP opening, mitochondrial Cyt C release and mitochondrial apoptosis of hippocampal neuron via JNK/p66Shc pathway. Our results revealed that SIRT3 may be a promising therapeutic and diagnostic target for cognitive dysfunction induced by SAE.
Are "Clean" Cosmetic Products Really Clean? A Pilot Study on the Validity of Cosmetic Labeling
Authors: Phan Jeannie , Kyaw Khine , Tan Julia , Lam Emily , Lin Cheng-Kuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background As a result of increased demand for environmental and health-conscious cosmetics, retailers have increasingly marketed their products using terms such as “clean” or "non-toxic". Sephora, a popular beauty retailer, implemented a clean seal system to label and promote their products. This study aims to compare the toxicity concerns of clean vs. non-clean products by using the Environmental Working Group (EWG)'s Skin Deep framework. MethodsEWG’s Skin Deep Framework was used to rank products based on their cancer, allergy and immunotoxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and use-restriction concerns, with lower scores indicating a cleaner product (ranging 0- 10). The distributions of EWG scores among clean and non-clean products were investigated and stratified by different types of products (i.e. fragrance, hair, makeup, or skincare). A multivariable linear regression model was further applied to evaluate the association between EWG scores and clean seals, adjusting by types of products, level of toxicity concerns.Results356 products were screened, including 180 (50.56%) clean products and 176 (49.44%) non-clean products. Clean products yielded a higher percentage of low hazard ingredients compared to non-clean products. EWG scores are positively correlated with the levels of toxicity concern for cancer, allergy and immunotoxicity, respectively. Clean products are also associated with a lower EWG score by 0.71 in the regression model. Fragrance products are most hazardous, with a 2.42 increase in EWG score.ConclusionsProducts under the binary “clean beauty” labeling system at Sephora may not necessarily capture the nuances of EWG’s ten-point scoring system and various dimensions of health concerns. It may be insufficient for consumers to solely rely on the presence of the clean seal when purchasing beauty products. Consulting multiple frameworks and sources to inform decision-making is crucial in addressing knowledge gaps. Further research and increased data availability from EWG’s database are necessary as well as public education on the application of Sephora’s clean seal.
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Prednisone Plus Cyclophosphamide in Patients with Advanced-stage IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Feng Zhonglin , Zhong Ting , Song Li , Shi Wei , Tao Yiming , Ye Zhiming , Liu Shuangxin , Xie Zhiyong , Li Zhilian , Chen Yuanhan , Li Ruizhao , Zhang Li , Wang Wenjian , Xu Lixia , Ma Jianchao , Liang Huaban , Dong Wei , Liang Xinling 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTreatments with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants in IgA nephropathy remain controversial, especially in IgA nephropathy patients with renal insufficiency and small quantities of proteinuria. So far, no randomized controlled study has investigated whether cyclophosphamide has a protective effect on IgA nephropathy independent of glucocorticoids.MethodsWe conducted a single-center, randomized, controlled trial ((NCT01758120)). 135 IgA nephropathy patients with elevated plasma creatinine concentrations (1.3-3.0 mg/dl in males and 1.0-3.0 mg/dl in females), regardless of proteinuria level, were enrolled in and randomized 1:1 to the prednisone alone group or prednisone plus cyclophosphamide group. The daily dosage of oral prednisone was initiated at 0.5 mg/kg/d taken every morning for 2 months and then tapered by 20% each month for the next 4 months in prednisone alone group. In prednisone plus cyclophosphamide group cyclophosphamide was given in monthly pulses of 1.0 g for 6 months, while the prednisone dosage was the same as prednisone group. The two primary end points were a combination of reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or doubling of serum creatinine or death and absolute changes in eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) at 36 months.ResultsOverall, 135 patients were enrolled in our study. There was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline. The two groups had similar primary composite renal outcomes, which occurred in 4 participants (5.97%) in the prednisone alone group and 5 (7.35%) in the prednisone plus cyclophosphamide group (hazard ratio, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.30 to 4.19]; P = 0.861). Additionally, no significant difference in eGFR absolute change in three years was found between the two groups (0.09 (-7.42, 12.00) ml/min/1.73 m2 in the prednisone alone group vs. 3.24 (5.025, 9.59) ml/min/1.73 m2 in the prednisone plus cyclophosphamide group; P = 0.578). Proteinuria was reduced similarly in both groups. Treatment with cyclophosphamide led to more adverse events.ConclusionsOur study showed that corticosteroids plus cyclophosphamide did not increase the renal benefit of patients with advanced-stage IgA nephropathy but increased adverse effects compared with corticosteroids alone. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01758120. Registered 1 July 2012, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01758120
Longitudinal Changes In Maternal Circulating Micrornas As Potential Biomarkers of Specific Events During Healthy Pregnancy
Authors: Chavira-Suárez Erika , Hernández-Olvera Alma Lilia , Flores-Torres Mariana , Celaya-Cruz Karen Rubí , Gitler Sofía , Cerda-Ángeles Juan Carlos De la , Espinosa-Maldonado Nidia Carolina , Flores-Jasso Carlos Fabián , Gutiérrez Humberto , Vadillo-Ortega Felipe 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Novel high-resolution tools for pregnancy monitoring, including early detection of prenatal disorders, are needed. Changes in circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) during pregnancy could potentially inform about the functional status of the mother, the placenta and/or the fetus. However, whether c-miRNA profiles actually reflect distinct pregnancy-specific events at all stages remains unclear.Methods: Longitudinal large-scale RNAseq c-miRNA profiles at early, middle and late pregnancy, and after birth derived from eight women with healthy term pregnancies (n=32 plasma samples) were compared against corresponding circulating profiles derived from age-matched non-pregnant women (n=10). Data of fetal sex and growth indicators obtained during pregnancy evolution of the same women, were used to identify specific c-miRNA correlates in circulation.Results: 1449 c-miRNAs were detected in circulation in both pregnant and non-pregnant women with only 48 c-miRNAs differentially expressed relative to non-pregnant controls in at least one of the four studied stages (FDR<0.05). Surprisingly, c-miRNA subpopulations with reported prominent expression in various pregnancy-associated compartments (placenta, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord plasma and breast milk) were found collectively under-expressed in maternal circulation throughout pregnancy (p<0.05). Furthermore, we found a bias in global miRNAs expression in direct association with fetal sex right from the first trimester, in addition to a specific c-miRNA signature of fetal growth (R = 0.7, p < 0.01).Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the existence of temporal changes in c-miRNAs populations associated to distinct aspects of pregnancy, including correlates of placental function and lactation, as well as fetal gender and growth, revealing a wider potential of c-miRNAs as biomarkers of specific aspects of maternal health and fetal growth.
Sequencing Introduced False Positive Rare Taxa Lead to Distorted Microbial Community Diversity, Assembly, and Interaction Interpretation in Amplicon Studies
Authors: JIA Yangyang , Zhao Shengguo , Guo Wenjie , Peng Ling , Zhao Fang , Wang Lushan , Fan Guangyi , Zhu Yuanfang , Xu Dayou , Liu Guilin , Wang Ruoqing , Fang Xiaodong , Zhang He , Kristiansen Karsten , Zhang Wenwei , Chen Jianwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDue to the inherent scarcity of the microbial rare taxa, it is difficult to distinguish between bona fide rare taxa and potential false positives in metabarcoding amplicon sequencing studies. Although recently developed quality control and clustering or denoising algorithms could remove sequencing errors or non-biological artifact reads, no algorithm could remove high quality reads from sample-wise cross contaminations introduced by index misassignment. ResultsWe thoroughly evaluated the rate of index misassignment of the mostly used NovaSeq 6000 and DNBSEQ-G400 sequencing platforms using both commercial and customized mock communities, and observed significant higher (5.68% vs 0.08%) fraction of potential false positive reads for NovaSeq 6000 compared to DNBSEQ-G400 in. Significant batch effects could be caused by the randomly detected false positive or false negative rare taxa. These false detections introduced by index misassignment could also lead to inflated alpha diversity for relatively simple samples while underestimated alpha diversity for complex samples. Further test using a set of cow rumen samples reported differential rare taxa by different sequencing platforms. Correlation test of the rare taxa detected by each sequencing platform demonstrated that the Novaseq 6000 platform detected rare taxa had a much lower possibility to be correlated with the physiochemical properties of rumen fluid. Community assembly mechanism and microbial network association analysis indicated that false positive or negative rare taxa detection could lead to distorted community assembly process and identification of even fake keystone species of the community, one of which was confirmed negative by PCR cloning and following Sanger sequencing. ConclusionsMetabarcoding amplicon sequencing process may introduce scarce but not neglectable false positives. We highly suggest proper positive and negative controls and technical replicate settings, and proper sequencing platform selection in future amplicon studies, especially when the microbial rare biosphere should be focused.
Diamond ascent by rift-driven disruption of cratonic mantle keels
Authors: Gernon Thomas , Jones Stephen , Brune Sascha , Hincks Thea , Glerum Anne , Merdith Andrew , Palmer Martin , Schumacher John , Primiceri Rebecca , Field Matthew , Griffin William , O'Reilly Suzanne , Keir Derek , Spencer Christopher 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Diamonds are erupted at Earth’s surface in volatile-rich magmas called kimberlites1,2,3. These enigmatic magmas, originating from depths exceeding 150 kilometres in Earth’s mantle1, occur in stable cratons and in pulses broadly synchronous with supercontinent cyclicity4. Whether their mobilization is driven by mantle plumes5 or mechanical weakening of cratonic lithosphere4,6 remains unclear. Here we show that most kimberlites spanning the past billion years erupted approximately 25 million years after the onset of continental fragmentation, suggesting an association with rifting processes. Our dynamic models show that physically steep lithosphere-asthenosphere boundaries formed during terminal rifting (necking) generate convective instabilities in the asthenosphere that slowly migrate many hundreds of kilometres inboard of the rift, causing destabilization of cratonic mantle keel tens of kilometres thick. Displaced lithosphere is replaced by hot, upwelling asthenosphere in the return flow, causing partial melting of carbonated mantle and variable assimilation of lithospheric material. The resulting small-volume kimberlite magmas ascend rapidly and adiabatically, exsolving amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) that are consistent with independent constraints7. Our model reconciles diagnostic kimberlite features including association with cratons and geochemical characteristics that implicate a common asthenospheric mantle source contaminated by cratonic lithosphere8. Together, these results provide a quantitative and mechanistic link between kimberlite episodicity and supercontinent cycles via progressive disruption of cratonic keels.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING) DI LUAR KELAS ERA COVID-19 MADRASAH ALIYAH BILINGUAL KRIAN SIDOARJO
Authors: Wasyik Torikhul , Syafi'i Imam 
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Dalam kondisi pandemi covid-19 yang tidak menentu menuntut adanya perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran. Madrasah Aliyah Bilingual adalah salah satu Madrasah yang melakukan inovasi pembelajaran yang di sesuaikan dengan keadaan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi metode pembelajaran Luar kelas dengan model contextual Teaching and learning (CTL) di era Covid-19. Metode penelitian adalah metode diskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis yang di gunakan adalah studi content analysis yaitu penelitian yang melakukan pembahasan dari sebuah informasi tertulis secara dalam. Adapun subyek yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Kepala sekolah, waka kurikulum, Guru , dan 3 siswa. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa implementasi pembelajaran pada masa pandemi di Madrasah Aliyah Bilingual terbagi terbagi menjadi dua masa yaitu Pandemi I dan masa Pandemi II.Pada msa Pandemi I pembelajarannaya masih berjalan normal, hanya tetap memakai standar protokol kesehatan. Sedangkan pembelajaran pada masa Pandemi II adalah pembelajaran dengan model Contextual Teaching and learning (CTL) yang terdiri dari 7 elemen yaitu siswa melakukan kontruksi, memiliki inquiry, bertanya, model masyarakat belajar, guru enjadi model,refleksi kegiatan,penilaian obyektif. Dan hasilnya pembelajaran masa pandemi tetap berjalan dengan baik.

Kata kunci : Pembelajaran, Luar kelas, CTL
Human rights and the borders of the human
Authors: Anne Brown M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Notions of human rights and the technologies deploying those notions, legally, institutionally, in advocacy and social discourse, enact a tangled knot of contesting and asserting borders. Universalist assertions of human rights seek to transcend national borders, appealing to a wider grasp of the human, but the formal pursuit of rights establishes rights as mutually constitutive with the state. In advocacy, calling on human rights is a way of recognising people’s political, economic and socio-cultural needs, dignity and suffering, beyond state borders. The idea of the human and the universal implicit in prevailing notions of human rights, however, reproduces dominant Eurocentric ontologies of individual and collective life, and patrols a narrowly conceived territory of the universal. These ontologies can be profoundly counterproductive in practice. Because notions of human rights are one of the few internationally available tools for working against the systemic imposition of suffering, we need to work with them in ways that are more open to different ways of being human and of grasping our individual and collective lives. The discussion concludes by sketching a more relational, dialogic conception of human rights.
Radical Traversals
Authors: EDD SIERRA 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In Radical Traversals, Sierra Edd combines work on Indigenous art practice and production, politics of aesthetics, and temporal sovereignty, to highlight the potentialities of decolonial imagining and interpretative methods of listening in an analysis of the digital music collection called the Indigenous Futurisms Mixtape. Edd examines how sonic affect and the remix form create spatial and temporal multidimensionality or hyper-presence, to disrupt Western orders of objecthood and colonial logics in music. Drawing on epistemological provocations in Native and Indigenous studies, Black diaspora studies, and Sound studies, this paper uses a theoretical framework of traveling Indigeneity to center collaboration and theorizations on decolonial imagination which describes emergent radical envisioning and world-making as a conceptual tool of troubleshooting. To foreground the engagement with Indigenous and Afro-Indigenous sound and aesthetics in music, Edd uses a method of close-listening, a heterogeneous intimacy or a whole-body encounter with sonic (meta)physics and acoustics. This paper illustrates how listening and engaging with the Mixtape’s political aesthetic form encourages decolonial imagining and employs micro-scale resurgence enacted in quotidian intellectual and emotional knowledge building.