bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis pencemaran antropogenik dan struktur komunitas diatom planktonik sebagai indikator pencemaran perairan di Selat Air Hitam
Authors: Tampubolon Miduk , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan , Siregar Sofyan Husein 
Published: March 2021

The present study aimed at identify population characters pollution source which affect water fertily nitrate, phospate, abundance as well as community structure of planctonic diatomae were measured. Nine sampling station of three location were established a long the Selat Air Hitam water. Appearently domestic activity, marine traffic, sago processing plant and community economic had affected on water fertility due to effluent water that entered the water. Nitrate analysis showed a range of 187,5 to 262,5 µg/L mean while phospate consentration appear 28,8- 241,2 µg/L, silicate consentration appear 30,4-32,9 µg/L. Plactonic diatomae abundance came up 2400 to 3800 cell/L of nine genera. Biodiversity index of range (1≤H’≤3), while smiliarity index (0,5≤E≤1) and dominancy index (0,5≤E≤1). Those index indicate nthe Selat Air Hitam waters in a medium pressure, however ecosystem condition is stable. Nitrate, phospate and silicate positively and significantly correlated with diatomae abundance ( p0,05). TSS level appeared 18,33 – 45,00 mg/l and BOD berkisar 3,73 – 5,07 mg/l. Regression analysis showed that nitrate and phospate had a mayor affect to diatomae abundance.
Comment s’arriment le travail précaire d’infirmières auxiliaires et la mobilisation politique pour la survie de l’action publique en santé mentale au Brésil ?
Authors: Ruelland Isabelle 
Published: March 2021

Au Brésil, plusieurs municipalités se tournent vers la sous-traitance afin de combler leurs besoins en termes de personnels en santé mentale. Le cas des infirmières auxiliaires du réseau de la ville de Campinas permet de saisir les impacts de ces transformations sur les travailleurs précaires. L’activité de travail et de mobilisation de 16 infirmières auxiliaires est décrite à partir d’une ethnographie d’un an. Comment concilier la précarité, les soins infirmiers et la mobilisation pour la survie de l’action publique en santé mentale ? Cette question est éclairée en traçant les contours d’une « grammaire militante » qui se déploie dans les espaces de prises de parole de ce réseau. Cette analyse ouvre la voie à une compréhension plus fine des rapports sociaux de pouvoir dans les réseaux de santé mentale. L’article conclut sur l’importance de la prise en compte du point de vue des infirmières auxiliaires quant à la nature politique de leur activité de travail pour la réforme psychiatrique.
The prospective COVID-19 vaccine: willingness to pay and perception of community members in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ilesanmi Olayinka , Afolabi Aanuoluwapo , Uchendu Obioma 
Published: March 2021

Background
The introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine necessitates the assessment of individual perception regarding the vaccine. This study aimed to assess the perception of community members and willingness to pay for the prospective COVID-19 vaccine in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in September 2020. We studied community members aged 15 years and above using a multi-stage sampling technique. The perceptions of respondents about the COVID-19 vaccine were assessed on eight questions using the five-point Likert scale with a score point of “1” assigned for “Strongly Agree”, “2” for “Agree”, “3” for “Not decided”, “4” for “Disagree”, and “5” for “Strongly disagree”. During analysis, we reverse-coded the options by assigning a point of “1” for “Strongly disagree”, “2” for “Disagree”, “3” for “Not decided”, “4” for “Agree”, and “5” for “Strongly disagree”. However, questions asked in the negative directions were not reverse-coded during analysis. Eight questions were used to assess the perception of community members regarding the prospective COVID-19 vaccine, and overall, the maximum point was 40. Points greater than or equal to 32 points (80%) implied positive perception. Descriptive statistics were done. Chi-square tests were used for the assessment of associations between sociodemographic characteristics and willingness to pay for the prospective COVID-19 vaccine. We conducted logistic regression tests on statistically significant variables at p-values <0.05.

Results
The mean age of the 440 respondents studied was 37.22 ± 15.36 years, 193 (49.00%) were males, and 292 (67.30%) of the respondents had heard of the prospective COVID-19 vaccine. Among them, 232 (79.50%) respondents had positive perception regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Individuals in the fifth wealth quintile were ten times more likely to be willing to pay for the prospective COVID-19 vaccine compared to those in the first wealth quintile (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 9.57, 95% CI [2.88–31.82], p = <0.01).

Conclusion
The prospective COVID-19 vaccine should be subsidized or made freely available to everyone.
The Relationship between Procalcitonin with Morbidity, Mortality and Survival in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Çaparlar Mehmet Ali , Uçar Yasin , Dokcu Şeref , Hasirci Ismail , Ulutaş Mehmet Eşref , Erşen Ogün 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between procalcitonin (PCT) values and complications, age, mortality, survival and to evaluate the correlation of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) values in patients operated for gastric cancer.
Methods: File records of 50 patients who were operated on for gastric cancer between 2015 and 2018 and whose procalcitonin levels were obtained were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: Eighteen (36%) of the study participants in the study were female, and 32 (64%) were male. Mortality rates were found to be significantly higher in those with PCT values of 2 and above on PO 1st and 3rd days. It was observed that the development of respiratory complications was significantly higher in patients with a PCT value of 2 and above on PO 5th and 7th days.
Conclusions: Post-operative high values in gastric cancer patients are significant in terms of mortality and survival in the follow-up. In gastric cancer and other malignant diseases, it is necessary to determine cut-off values, to conduct specificity and sensitivity studies by making detailed examinations for respiratory complications, mortality, and survival times during treatment.
Study on image diagnosis of timber houses damaged by earthquake using deep learning
Authors: Chida Hiroyuki , Takahashi Noriyuki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractImage processing (semantic segmentation and morphological processing) for the image diagnosis of timber houses damaged by earthquake was studied and the following three aspects were revealed.

Comparing the performance of the models trained with real datasets and chromakeyed datasets, the validation correctness of chromakeyed models achieved comparable or better accuracy than real models (up to 1.38 times more accurate in Frequency Weighted Intersection over Union (FWIoU)). Thus, the usefulness of chromakeyed datasets was confirmed for creating image databases for deep learning.

In the image diagnosis results, damage could be assessed with the same accuracy as the investigator if the damage rate was calculated to be 60% or more, unless the damage was unrecognizable due to shielding or resolution problems. This implies the feasibility of image diagnosis for quantitative damage assessment of timber houses.

Considering the installation of the estimation methodology of the deformation angle into the image diagnosis, the guideline methodology, and previous experimental values were analyzed. If multiple damage degrees were detected, it could be narrowed down to limited estimation results. This suggests the possibility of installation of estimation methodology into the image diagnosis.
A Reliable All‐2D Materials Artificial Synapse for High Energy‐Efficient Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Tang Jian , He Congli , Tang Jianshi , Yue Kun , Zhang Qingtian , Liu Yizhou , Wang Qinqin , Wang Shuopei , Li Na , Shen Cheng , Zhao Yanchong , Liu Jieying , Yuan Jiahao , Wei Zheng , Li Jiawei , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Shang Dashan , Wang Shouguo , Yang Wei , Yang Rong , Shi Dongxia , Zhang Guangyu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHigh‐performance artificial synaptic devices are indispensable for developing neuromorphic computing systems with high energy efficiency. However, the reliability and variability issues of existing devices such as nonlinear and asymmetric weight update are the major hurdles in their practical applications for energy‐efficient neuromorphic computing. Here, a two‐terminal floating‐gate memory (2TFGM) based artificial synapse built from all‐2D van der Waals materials is reported. The 2TFGM synaptic device exhibits excellent linear and symmetric weight update characteristics with high reliability and tunability. In particular, the high linearity and symmetric synaptic weight realized by simple programming with identical pulses can eliminate the additional latency and power consumption caused by the peripheral circuit design and achieve an ultralow energy consumption for the synapses in the neural network implementation. A large number of states up to ≈3000, high switching speed of 40 ns and low energy consumption of 18 fJ for a single pulse have been demonstrated experimentally. A high classification accuracy up to 97.7% (close to the software baseline of 98%) has been achieved in the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) simulations based on the experimental data. These results demonstrate the potential of all‐2D 2TFGM for high‐speed and low‐power neuromorphic computing.
Surgery after sunitinib administration to improve survival of patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Murase Yoshiki , Kudo Atsushi , Akahoshi Keiichi , Maekawa Aya , Ishikawa Yoshiya , Ueda Hiroki , Ogawa Kosuke , Ono Hiroaki , Tanaka Shinji , Tanabe Minoru 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLittle research is available regarding the treatments combining surgical resection with systemic chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm patients. We retrospectively elucidated whether sunitinib administration before surgery in advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (Pan‐NEN) patients increases survival.MethodsThis study included 106 of 326 Pan‐NEN patients with distant metastases and/or unresectable locally advanced tumors who visited our department to receive sunitinib for more than 1 mo during April 2002 to December 2019. Risk factors for overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were analyzed.ResultsThe median duration of preoperative sunitinib administration and observation time after sunitinib were 6 and 26.5 mo, respectively. Of 106 patients, 31 (29.2%) underwent surgery following sunitinib administration. Hepatectomy, synchronous hepatopancreatectomy, pancreatectomy, and lymphadenectomy were performed for 13, 12, 5, and 1 patient, respectively. The 5‐y OS rates in the resected and nonresected groups were 88.9% and 14.1%, respectively (P < .001). In the multivariate analysis, the absence of surgical resection following sunitinib (hazard ratio [HR], 13.1; P = .001), poor differentiation (HR, 5.5; P = .007), and bilateral liver metastases (HR, 3.7; P = .048) were independent risk factors for OS, although large liver tumor volumes were more evident in the nonresected group, as patient characteristics. The median DFS was 16.1 mo in 22 patients who underwent R0/1 resections, and risk factors for postoperative recurrence were Ki‐67 index >7.8% (HR, 7.4; P = .02) and R1 resection (HR, 4.4; P = .04).ConclusionSurgical resection after sunitinib administration improved OS in advanced Pan‐NENs.
Staufen1 in Human Neurodegeneration
Authors: Paul Sharan , Dansithong Warunee , Figueroa Karla P. , Gandelman Mandi , Scoles Daniel R. , Pulst Stefan M. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveMutations in the ATXN2 gene (CAG expansions ≥32 repeats) can be a rare cause of Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We recently reported that the stress granule (SG) protein Staufen1 (STAU1) was overabundant in neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patient cells, animal models, and ALS‐TDP‐43 fibroblasts, and provided a link between SG formation and autophagy. We aimed to test if STAU1 overabundance has a role in the pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWith multiple neurodegenerative patient‐derived cell models, animal models, and human postmortem ALS tissue, we evaluate STAU1 function using biochemical and immunohistological analyses.ResultsWe demonstrate STAU1 overabundance and increased total and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in fibroblast cells from patients with ALS with mutations in TDP‐43, patients with dementia with PSEN1 mutations, a patient with parkinsonism with MAPT mutation, Huntington's disease (HD) mutations, and SCA2 mutations. Increased STAU1 levels and mTOR activity were seen in human ALS spinal cord tissues as well as in animal models. Changes in STAU1 and mTOR protein levels were post‐transcriptional. Exogenous expression of STAU1 in wildtype cells was sufficient to activate mTOR and downstream targets and form SGs. Targeting STAU1 by RNAi normalized mTOR, suggesting a potential role for therapy in diseases associated with STAU1 overabundance.InterpretationSTAU1 overabundance in neurodegeneration is a common phenomenon associated with hyperactive mTOR. Targeting STAU1 with ASOs or miRNA viral vectors may represent a novel, efficacious therapy for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by overabundant STAU1. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:1114–1128
Iron‐Catalyzed Fluoroalkylation of Arylborates with Sulfone Reagents: Beyond the Limitation of Reduction Potential
Authors: Wei Zhiqiang , Miao Wenjun , Ni Chuanfa , Hu Jinbo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe iron‐catalyzed alkyl–aryl coupling reaction between sulfones and arylboron compounds has remained a challenge. We report the first iron‐catalyzed radical difluoroalkylation of arylborates with N‐heteroaryl sulfones. The coordination between the iron catalyst and the nitrogen atom of N‐heteroaryl sulfones was identified to be important in overcoming the reduction potential limitation of sulfones in the intermolecular single‐electron‐transfer process, which enables both fluoroalkyl N‐heteroaryl sulfones (with relatively high reduction potentials) and nonfluorinated alkyl N‐heteroaryl sulfones (with low reduction potentials) to serve as powerful alkylation reagents.
Pressure‐Induced Emission toward Harvesting Cold White Light from Warm White Light
Authors: Fu Ruijing , Zhao Wenya , Wang Lingrui , Ma Zhiwei , Xiao Guanjun , Zou Bo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe pressure‐induced emission (PIE) behavior of halide perovskites has attracted widespread attention and has potential application in pressure sensing. However, high‐pressure reversibility largely inhibits practical applications. Here, we describe the emission enhancement and non‐doping control of the color temperature in two‐dimensional perovskite (C6H5CH2CH2NH3)2PbCl4 ((PEA)2PbCl4) nanocrystals (NCs) through high‐pressure processing. A remarkable 5 times PIE was achieved at a mild pressure of 0.4 GPa, which was highly associated with the enhanced radiative recombination of self‐trapped excitons. Of particular importance is the retention of the 1.6 times emission of dense (PEA)2PbCl4 NCs upon the complete release of pressure, accompanied by a color change from “warm” (4403 K) to “cold” white light with 14295 K. The irreversible pressure‐induced structural amorphization, which facilitates the remaining local distortion of inorganic Pb‐Cl octahedra with respect to the steric hindrance of organic PEA+ cations, should be greatly responsible for the quenched high‐efficiency photoluminescence.
Organic Tetrabutylammonium Cation Intercalation to Heal Inorganic CsPbI3 Perovskite
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Wang Xingtao , Zhang Taiyang , Miao Yanfeng , Qin Zhixiao , Chen Yuetian , Zhao Yixin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe in situ formation of reduced dimensional perovskite layer via post‐synthesis ion exchange has been an effective way of passivating organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites. In contrast, cesium ions in Cs‐based inorganic perovskite with strong ionic binding energy cannot exchange with those well‐known organic cations to form reduced dimensional perovskite. Herein, we demonstrate that tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) cation can intercalate into CsPbI3 to effectively substitute the Cs cation and to form one‐dimensional (1D) TBAPbI3 layer in the post‐synthesis TBAI treatment. Such TBA cation intercalation leads to in situ formation of TBAPbI3 protective layer to heal defects at the surface of inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite. The TBAPbI3‐CsPbI3 perovskite exhibited enhanced stability and lower defect density, and the corresponding perovskite solar cell devices achieved an improved efficiency up to 18.32 % compared to 15.85 % of the control one.
Genetic and Epigenetic Fine‐Tuning of TGFB1 Expression Within the Human Osteoarthritic Joint
Authors: Rice Sarah J. , Roberts Jack B. , Tselepi Maria , Brumwell Abby , Falk Julia , Steven Charlotte , Loughlin John 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveOsteoarthritis (OA) is an age‐related disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration. It is largely heritable, and genetic screening has identified single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) marking genomic risk loci. One such locus is marked by the G>A SNP rs75621460, downstream of TGFB1. This gene encodes transforming growth factor β1, the correct expression of which is essential for cartilage maintenance. This study investigated the regulatory activity of rs75621460 to characterize its impact on TGFB1 expression in disease‐relevant patient samples (n = 319) and in Tc28a2 immortalized chondrocytes.MethodsArticular cartilage samples from human patients were genotyped, and DNA methylation levels were quantified using pyrosequencing. Gene reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to determine differential nuclear protein binding to the region. The functional impact of DNA methylation on TGFB1 expression was tested using targeted epigenome editing.ResultsThe analyses showed that SNP rs75621460 was located within a TGFB1 enhancer region, and the OA risk allele A altered transcription factor binding, with decreased enhancer activity. Protein complexes binding to A (but not G) induced DNA methylation at flanking CG dinucleotides. Strong correlations between patient DNA methylation levels and TGFB1 expression were observed, with directly opposing effects in the cartilage and the synovium at this locus. This demonstrated biologic pleiotropy in the impact of the SNP within different tissues of the articulating joint.ConclusionThe OA risk SNP rs75621460 impacts TGFB1 expression by modulating the function of a gene enhancer. We propose a mechanism by which the SNP impacts enhancer function, providing novel biologic insight into one mechanism of OA genetic risk, which may facilitate the development of future pharmacologic therapies.
The Southern Wide‐Field Gamma‐ray Observatory
Authors: Barres de Almeida Ulisses ,   the SWGO Collaboration
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe scientific potential of a wide field‐of‐view, and very‐high duty cycle, ground‐based gamma‐ray detector has been demonstrated by the current generation of instruments, such as HAWC and ARGO, and will be further extended in the Northern Hemisphere by LHAASO. Nevertheless, no such instrument exists in the Southern Hemisphere yet, where a great potential lies uncovered for the mapping of Galactic large‐scale emission as well as providing access to the full sky for transient and variable multi‐wavelength and multi‐messenger phenomena. Access to the Galactic Centre and complementarity with the CTA‐South are other key motivations for such a gamma‐ray observatory in the South. There is also significant potential for cosmic ray studies, including investigation of cosmic‐ray anisotropy. In this contribution, I will present the motivations and the concept of the future Southern Wide‐Field Gamma‐ray Observatory (SWGO), now formally established as an international Collaboration and currently in the R&D phase. I will also outline its scientific objectives.
VISTA: A teaching aid to enhance contextual teaching
Authors: Kanika Kanika , Chakraverty Shampa , Chakraborty Pinaki , Madan Manan , Gupta Gaurav , Aggarwal Aditya 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, an innovative tool for enabling contextual teaching based on visual inputs, named Visual Stimuli‐based Teaching Aid (VISTA), was developed. This system establishes the meaning and significance of concepts that are taught in the classroom within different environmental contexts. The idea of contextual teaching has been deliberated for more than a decade now. Nevertheless, using this in a classroom with limited time and resources has several challenges. VISTA leverages the ubiquitous mobile devices to boost conventional teaching methods with contextual teaching–learning. With VISTA, contextual teaching does not require any specialized device, expensive sensors, or simulated environment. To assess the applicability of VISTA in computer science education, we gathered the responses and experiences from 42 computer science teachers teaching in various universities of India. The responses garnered indicate that contextualization through VISTA is relevant as well as interesting. In total, 86.31% of the teachers found the contextual information provided by VISTA to be significantly related to both the captured images and the concepts presented in the class. These results encourage the use of VISTA as a pedagogical tool for contextual teaching.
Long noncoding RNAs in the regulation of p53‐mediated apoptosis in human cancers
Authors: Chatterjee Manjima , Viswanathan Pragasam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely known for their regulatory function in transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. The involvement of such non‐protein‐coding RNAs in nuclear organization and chromatin remodeling is often associated with an increased risk of human malignancies. In cancer, lncRNAs either promote cell survival or may act as a growth suppressor, thus conferring a key regulatory function other than their established role in fundamental cellular processes. Interestingly, lncRNAs interfere with the stages of apoptosis and related pathways involving p53. Many of these molecules either regulate or are regulated by p53 while mounting oncogenic events. Consequently, they may confer both prosurvival or proapoptotic functions depending upon the tissue type. Since the mechanism of cell death is bypassed in many human cancers, it has emerged that the lncRNAs are either overexpressed or knocked down to sensitize cells to apoptotic stimuli. Nonetheless, the abundant expression of lncRNAs in tumor cells renders them suitable targets for anticancer therapies. Although the role of lncRNAs in the p53 network and apoptosis has been independently defined, their interplay in activating p53‐target genes during cell cycle arrest remains unexplored. Thus, we have specifically reviewed the possible involvement of lncRNAs in the p53‐mediated apoptosis of human cancer cells. In particular, we summarize the growing evidence from individual studies and analyze whether lncRNAs are essential to facilitate apoptosis in a p53‐dependent manner. This may lead to the identification of p53‐associated lncRNAs that are suitable therapeutic targets or diagnostic/prognostic markers.
Renal failure and lung hemorrhage as a presentation of COVID‐19 infection, a case report
Authors: Zamani Nazanin , Aloosh Oldooz , Ahsant Samane , Khodabandeloo Niloofar , Ahimahalle Tahere Zarook , Abkhoo Aminreza , Riahi Taghi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe concurrent involvement of the lung and kidneys happens in COVID‐19 infection. The patient's respiratory symptoms resolved after hemodialysis. This finding raises the question that if hemodialysis can have a role in the treatment of COVID‐19.