bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Experimental Study of Traveling Wave Signal Generator for Distribution Network
Authors: Wu Mengke , Li Haofeng , Gao Jun , Han Hangjie , Xue Weisheng , Deng Qingbo , Yu Kun , Zeng Xiangjun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problem of operation safety and stability of electrical equipment in distribution network caused by impulse voltage, this paper will study and analyze the traveling wave signal generator. Through the study of the standard lightning wave shape characteristics and the mechanism and characteristics of the existing lightning impulse voltage signal generator equipment, the working principle of the corresponding traveling wave signal generator was designed and the relevant parameters were calculated. Finally, the results of the research and analysis were simulated and analyzed with the Multisim simulation software. Test results show that the impulse voltage generated by the full wave form basic satisfy the provisions of this design is expected waveform, and consistent with the actual lightning wave shape, therefore, this thesis studies the traveling wave signal generator unit can meet the normal travelling wave signal of traveling wave positioning system requirements, verify the real effectiveness and practicability of this thesis research.
Research on Self-compensating Oil Sleeve for Hydraulic Chuck
Authors: Yang Jiangbo , Wang Song , Xu Pengbo , Chen Xiang , Chen Fenglei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the oil supply principle of hydraulic chuck, analysis of the structural characteristics and failure reasons of the oil distribution sleeve showed that the main reason for the increase of the leakage of the oil sleeve is the increase of the value of the seal gap caused by the increase of the temperature and pressure of the hydraulic oil. The self-compensating oil sleeve for the rotary oil distribution of hydraulic chuck is designed by theoretical calculation, and the deformation of the self-compensating oil distribution sleeve and the common oil distribution sleeve are compared and analyzed by finite element software, and the sealing performance of the two kinds of oil sleeve is compared and analyzed by test. The results show that the sealing gap of the self-compensating oil sleeve has dynamic stability compared with that of the ordinary oil sleeve, and the leakage of the self-compensating oil sleeve is stable under the working condition, which can provide reference for the design innovation of the rotary oil distribution sleeve for the chuck of the full hydraulic drilling machine.
The Application of Probabilistic Hesitation Fuzzy Lingustic in Urban Livability
Authors: Chen Xiuming , Wang Chouxuan , Zhang Chenchen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the continuous improvement of residents' living conditions and the improvement of spiritual civilization construction, urban livability has become the focus of attention of the government and urban residents, as well as a hot topic of research by experts and scholars at home and abroad. How to choose a suitable city to live in has become a group decision-making (GDM) problem that we have to deal with. However, the changeable decision environment leads to the fact that the decision information of the above GDM problem cannot be expressed by traditional display values. Therefore, we choose the probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term set (PHFLTS) and then study the consensus among preference relations (PRs). This paper will study the group consensus model based on PHFLTS. At present, it has been studied in supply chain management, public opinion prediction and other fields. This paper first defines the concept of PHFLTS and distance measure, then defines the similarity measure and the consistency index (CI) based on the distance measure, constructs the group consensus level (GCI), can express the uncertain preference information given by the decision maker more comprehensively. Finally, specific example is given to rank the cities and the future research direction is prospected.
Prospects for development of a drilling tool for producing minerals in frozen soils
Authors: Zenin Maksim , Martyuchenko Igor , Kolesnikov Aleksey , Boykov Evgeniy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article reveals importance and relevance of exploration and development by drilling tools of minerals in frozen soils. The problems that arise during operations of drilling tools are considered. Existing types of drilling tools for mining are described. The advantages and disadvantages are listed, the principles of action and the type of soil deformation during the interaction of a tool with frozen soil are considered. The necessity of developing a drilling tool that implements a less energy-intensive production process and does not destroy the structure of solid minerals is considered. A comparative analysis of the drilling speed and energy intensity of soil destruction by drilling tools is carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the proposed drilling tool.
The adhesive behavior of the polyethylene component in the “GP-ice” for studying the ice propulsion of the promising Arctic icebreakers
Authors: Zuev Valeri , Dvoichenko Yuri , Sebin Andrei , Semenova Natalia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The maritime constituent is the crucial component of the Artic transport and logistics system. In the modern period of the development of science and technology, the ice model experiment in the experimental model basin is the main instrument of the research engineer, who creates and develops the existing arctic vessels forms. The article is dealt with the one of the aspects of the composite model ice (“GP-ice”) consisting of the polyethylene granules frozen into natural ice. The crucial factor providing the modelling conditions is the model ice strength reduction due to lower adhesion forces on the granules. The aim of this investigation was to assess the reliability of the existing data and to obtain the one’s own results in terms of the adhesion strength value at the normal fracture. The experimentation procedure in the NNSTU small ice tank is presented. The adhesive compound strength of the high-pressure polyethylene and ice at the normal fracture was determined. The analysis of results, which has satisfactory statistical characteristics, is presented. As the experiments results, the dependence of the adhesion strength value on the temperature inside the heat chamber (-20, -10) was revealed. The influence of the frozen surface boundaries was also significant and had a negatively impact on the results of the samples separation of a smaller dimension-type. In further the obtained results will be used in the mathematical models of the “GP-ice” deformation and fracture, as well as for improving the ice cover composite model for testing the promising Arctic icebreakers forms in the experimental model ice basin.
Approach to environmental risk assessment in the design and operation of oil fields in the Arctic region
Authors: Rukavitsyn Vadim , Ekzarian Vladimir 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Environmental risk is the basis for environmental safety assessment for any object. Without a risk assessment, it is extremely difficult to control the permissibility of certain anthropogenic impacts on the environment. At the same time the active development of hydrocarbon production in the Arctic region, can lead to irreversible consequences for the environment because of the special vulnerability of this territory to man-made impacts. In this regard it became necessary to create a universal and practical methodology for the environmental risks assessment. This article proposes an approach to assessing environmental risks for the design and operation of oil fields in the Arctic region, which allows comprehensive reviewing of the environmental safety of hydrocarbon production, as well as prompt and optimal response to environmental pollution. The criteria for risk assessment, their significance, as well as the structure and methodology of the assessment itself are analyzed.
A map of mass spectrometry-basedin silicofragmentation prediction and compound identification in metabolomics
Authors: Krettler Christoph A , Thallinger Gerhard G 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMetabolomics, the comprehensive study of the metabolome, and lipidomics—the large-scale study of pathways and networks of cellular lipids—are major driving forces in enabling personalized medicine. Complicated and error-prone data analysis still remains a bottleneck, however, especially for identifying novel metabolites. Comparing experimental mass spectra to curated databases containing reference spectra has been the gold standard for identification of compounds, but constructing such databases is a costly and time-demanding task. Many software applications try to circumvent this process by utilizing cutting-edge advances in computational methods—including quantum chemistry and machine learning—and simulate mass spectra by performing theoretical, so called in silico fragmentations of compounds. Other solutions concentrate directly on experimental spectra and try to identify structural properties by investigating reoccurring patterns and the relationships between them. The considerable progress made in the field allows recent approaches to provide valuable clues to expedite annotation of experimental mass spectra. This review sheds light on individual strengths and weaknesses of these tools, and attempts to evaluate them—especially in view of lipidomics, when considering complex mixtures found in biological samples as well as mass spectrometer inter-instrument variability.
Steady states and pattern formation of the density-suppressed motility model
Authors: Wang Zhi-An , Xu Xin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper considers the stationary problem of density-suppressed motility models proposed in Fu et al. (2012) and Liu et al. (2011) in one dimension with Neumman boundary conditions. The models consist of parabolic equations with cross-diffusion and degeneracy. We employ the global bifurcation theory and Helly compactness theorem to explore the conditions under which non-constant stationary (pattern) solutions exist and asymptotic profiles of solutions as some parameter value is small. When the cell growth is not considered, we are able to show the monotonicity of solutions and hence achieve a global bifurcation diagram by treating the chemical diffusion rate as a bifurcation parameter. Furthermore, we show that the solutions have boundary spikes as the chemical diffusion rate tends to zero and identify the conditions for the non-existence of non-constant solutions. When transformed to specific motility functions, our results indeed give sharp conditions on the existence of non-constant stationary solutions. While with the cell growth, the structure of global bifurcation diagram is much more complicated and in particular the solution loses the monotonicity property. By treating the growth rate as a bifurcation parameter, we identify a minimum range of growth rate in which non-constant stationary solutions are warranted, while a global bifurcation diagram can still be attained in a special situation. We use numerical simulations to test our analytical results and illustrate that patterns can be very intricate and stable stationary solutions may not exist when the parameter value is outside the minimal range identified in our paper.
Steady slip flow of Newtonian fluids through tangential polygonal microchannels
Authors: Keady Grant 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The concern in this paper is the problem of finding—or, at least, approximating—functions, defined within and on the boundary of a tangential polygon, functions whose Laplacian is $-1$ and which satisfy a homogeneous Robin boundary condition on the boundary. The parameter in the Robin condition is denoted by $\beta $. The integral of the solution over the interior, denoted by $Q$, is, in the context of flows in a microchannel, the volume flow rate. A variational estimate of the dependence of $Q$ on $\beta $ and the polygon’s geometry is studied. Classes of tangential polygons treated include regular polygons and triangles, especially isosceles: the variational estimate $R(\beta )$ is a rational function which approximates $Q(\beta )$ closely.
A posteriori error estimation and space-time adaptivity for a linear stochastic PDE with additive noise
Authors: Majee Ananta K , Prohl Andreas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present a strong residual-based a posteriori error estimate for a finite element-based space-time discretization of the linear stochastic convected heat equation with additive noise. This error estimate is used for an adaptive algorithm that automatically selects deterministic mesh parameters in space and time. For every $n \geq 0$, we find a new time-step $\tau _n$, a new spatial mesh ${\mathcal M}_{n}$ terminating within finitely many iterations and a finite element value approximation $Y^n_h$ on this spatial mesh, which then approximates strongly the solution of the stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) within a prescribed tolerance.
Postoperative Admission of Adult Craniotomy Patients to the Neuroscience Ward Reduces Length of Stay and Cost
Authors: Sun Matthew Z , Babayan Diana , Chen Jia-Shu , Wang Maxwell M , Naik Priyanka K , Reitz Kara , Li Jingyi Jessica , Pouratian Nader , Kim Won 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The neurointensive care unit (NICU) has traditionally been the default recovery unit after elective craniotomies.

OBJECTIVE
To assess whether admitting adult patients without significant comorbidities to the neuroscience ward (NW) instead of NICU for recovery resulted in similar clinical outcome while reducing length of stay (LOS) and hospitalization cost.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and cost data of adult patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy at a university hospital within a 5-yr period who had a LOS less than 7 d. We compared those admitted to the NICU for 1 night of recovery versus those directly admitted to the NW.

RESULTS
The NICU and NW groups included 340 and 209 patients, respectively, and were comparable in terms of age, ethnicity, overall health, and expected LOS. NW admissions had shorter LOS (3.046 vs 3.586 d, P < .001), and independently predicted shorter LOS in multivariate analysis. While the NICU group had longer surgeries (6.8 vs 6.4 h), there was no statistically significant difference in the cost of surgery. The NW group was associated with reduced hospitalization cost by $3193 per admission on average (P < .001). Clinically, there were no statistically significant differences in the rate of return to Operating Room, Emergency Department readmission, or hospital readmission within 30 d.

CONCLUSION
Admitting adult craniotomy patients without significant comorbidities, who are expected to have short LOS, to NW was associated with reduced LOS and total cost of admission, without significant differences in postoperative clinical outcome.
Development of a new tracking detector with fine-grained nuclear emulsion for sub-MeV neutron measurement
Authors: Shiraishi T , Todoroki I , Naka T , Umemoto A , Kobayashi R , Sato O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We have developed a new sub-MeV neutron detector with high position resolution, energy resolution, and directional sensitivity, and low background. The detector is based on a super-fine-grained nuclear emulsion, called a nano-imaging tracker (NIT), and it is capable of detecting neutron-induced proton recoils as tracks through topological analysis with sub-micrometric accuracy. We used a type of NIT with AgBr:I crystals of ($98 \pm 10$) nm size dispersed in gelatin. First, we calibrated the performance of the NIT device for detecting monochromatic neutrons with sub-MeV energy generated by nuclear fusion reactions, and the detection efficiency for recoil proton tracks of more than 2 $\mu$m range was consistently 100% (the 1 $\sigma$ lower limit was 83%) in accordance with expectations from manual analysis. In addition, the recoil energy and angle distribution obtained good agreement with kinematical expectations. The primary neutron energy was reconstructed using these, and it was evaluated as 42% full width at half maximum at 540 keV. Furthermore, we demonstrated a newly developed automatic track recognition system dedicated to track ranges of more than a few micrometers. It achieved a recognition efficiency of ($74 \pm 4$)%, and the recoil energy and angle distribution obtained good agreement with manual analysis. Finally, it indicated a very high rejection power for $\gamma$-rays.
Vaccine nationalism: a predicament in ending the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lagman James Darwin N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In a recent correspondence, vaccine hesitancy and its pressing issue in possible delaying of being triumphant in the pandemic was discussed. This paper highlights vaccine nationalism as a predicament that would not just delay but worsen the present situation of the pandemic. This study suggests a global response among countries that people must see the world as a global village and as one community it must save collectively.
Highly Skilled Women Reaching the Top: A Cost-free Achievement? Analyzing the Gender Promotion Gap in the Medical Profession
Authors: Gaiaschi Camilla 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the gender promotion gap in a particular highly skilled profession, that of physicians. The following analyses are based on a dataset of more than a thousand doctors working in Italy, a country in which hospitals play a central role in the national health care system. Given a three-step career ladder—first level, vice, and head—this research finds that women are 8% less likely than men to be promoted from the first level to vice, whereas no significant disadvantage is found in the promotion from vice to head. This suggests that the vertical segregation is due more to a sticky floors mechanism than to a glass ceiling effect. Moreover, no motherhood penalty occurs. Private organizations appear to be more gender equal than public ones and similar, albeit weaker, findings come from the analysis of the specialties, cautiously suggesting that the male-dominated area of surgery is more gender equal than the female-dominated area of medicine. These findings point out that women in highly skilled professions may encounter fewer obstacles to promotion than in the general labor market. Furthermore, they may encounter fewer obstacles within the most competitive organizations and specialty areas than across the profession in general. This is not, however, because of a greater number of opportunities, but because they represent a highly selected and career-oriented population. These results shed light on the costs of such achievement for women, both in terms of effort and in terms of equality among women themselves.
Nursing Students’ Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Before and After Attending a Mental Health Course
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan , Hamaideh Shaher 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to compare the attitudes of nursing students in Jordan toward seeking professional psychological help, before and after taking part in a mental health course. A pretest-posttest design was used to assess the attitudes of 205 nursing students attending a state-run university in Zarqa City, Jordan. A significant difference was found in Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help subscales before and after the course, implying that it would be useful for policy makers to provide periodic comprehensive mental health education and courses for practicing health care providers.
Changing profiles of cancer burden worldwide and in China: a secondary analysis of the global cancer statistics 2020
Authors: Cao Wei , Chen Hong-Da , Yu Yi-Wen , Li Ni , Chen Wan-Qing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, but its burden is not uniform. GLOBOCAN 2020 has newly updated the estimates of cancer burden. This study summarizes the most recent changing profiles of cancer burden worldwide and in China and compares the cancer data of China with those of other regions.

Methods:
We conducted a descriptive secondary analysis of the GLOBOCAN 2020 data. To depict the changing global profile of the leading cancer types in 2020 compared with 2018, we extracted the numbers of cases and deaths in 2018 from GLOBOCAN 2018. We also obtained cancer incidence and mortality from the 2015 National Cancer Registry Report in China when sorting the leading cancer types by new cases and deaths. For the leading cancer types according to sex in China, we summarized the estimated numbers of incidence and mortality, and calculated China's percentage of the global new cases and deaths.

Results:
Breast cancer displaced lung cancer to become the most leading diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2020. Lung, liver, stomach, breast, and colon cancers were the top five leading causes of cancer-related death, among which liver cancer changed from the third-highest cancer mortality in 2018 to the second-highest in 2020. China accounted for 24% of newly diagnosed cases and 30% of the cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020. Among the 185 countries included in the database, China's age-standardized incidence rate (204.8 per 100,000) ranked 65th and the age-standardized mortality rate (129.4 per 100,000) ranked 13th. The two rates were above the global average. Lung cancer remained the most common cancer type and the leading cause of cancer death in China. However, breast cancer became the most frequent cancer type among women if the incidence was stratified by sex. Incidences of colorectal cancer and breast cancer increased rapidly. The leading causes of cancer death varied minimally in ranking from 2015 to 2020 in China. Gastrointestinal cancers, including stomach, colorectal, liver, and esophageal cancers, contributed to a massive burden of cancer for both sexes.

Conclusions:
The burden of breast cancer is increasing globally. China is undergoing cancer transition with an increasing burden of lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and breast cancers. The mortality rate of cancer in China is high. Comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to target China's changing profiles of the cancer burden.
Supporting Struggling Students Through Therapeutic Communication
Authors: Tyson Gwendolyn , Beck Melissa Schwartz 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT:
Although nursing faculty teach students the basics of therapeutic communication for patient care, faculty may be overlooking the significance of using therapeutic communication with their students. When nursing students experience stress and mental health concerns such as sadness, anxiety, negative thoughts, and depression, instructors need to assess these problems and implement therapeutic communication strategies. Faculty who recognize symptoms and engage students can promote healthy relationships and positive academic outcomes while exemplifying Christlike care for their students.