bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Predictors and Clinical Implications Associated With Long-Term Survivors in IDH Wildtype and Mutant Glioblastoma
Authors: Jiang Haihui , Yu Kefu , Cui Yong , Ren Xiaohui , Li Mingxiao , Zhang Guobin , Yang Chuanwei , Zhao Xuzhe , Zhu Qinghui , Lin Song 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive intracranial tumor which can be divided into two subtypes based on status of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). A small fraction of patients after receiving standard treatment can be long-term survivors (LTS). This study was designed to disclose the predictors and clinical implications associated with LTS in IDH wildtype and mutant GBM.MethodsPatients who survived beyond five years after diagnosis of GBM were defined as LTS, while those with a survival less than one year were defined as short-term survivors (STS). A total of 211 patients with diagnosis of GBM in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2007 to January 2015 were enrolled, including 44 (20.9%) LTS and 167 (79.1%) STS. The clinical, radiological and molecular features between groups were systematically compared.ResultsCompared with STS, LTS were a subgroup of patients with a younger age at diagnosis (P=0.006), a higher KPS score (P=0.011), higher rates of cystic change (P=0.037), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation (P=0.007), and IDH mutation (P=0.049), and more likely to have undergone gross total resection (P&lt;0.001). Survival analysis demonstrated that LTS with wildtype IDH conferred a longer progression-free survival (66.0 vs. 27.0 months, P=0.04), but a shorter post-progression survival (46.5 months vs. not reached, P=0.0001) than those of LTS with mutant IDH. LTS with mutant IDH showed a trend towards increased survival after receiving re-operation (P=0.155) and reirradiation (P=0.127), while this clinical benefit disappeared in the subset of LTS with wildtype IDH (P&gt;0.05).ConclusionThe prognostic value and therapeutic implications associated with LTS in GBM population significantly differed on the basis of IDH status. Our findings provide a new approach for physicians to better understand the two subtypes of GBM, which may assist in making more tailored treatment decisions for patients.
Identification and Validation of a Prognostic Immune-Related Alternative Splicing Events Signature for Glioma
Authors: Wang Minjie , Zhou Zijie , Zheng Jianglin , Xiao Wenxuan , Zhu Jiameng , Zhang Chaocai , Jiang Xiaobing 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundGlioma is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults, with its tumor-promoting immune microenvironment always being intricate to handle with. Amounts of evidence has accumulated to suggest that alternative splicing (AS) is related to tumor immune microenvironment. However, comprehensive analysis of immune-related AS events and their clinical significance are still lacking in glioma.MethodsAS events and transcriptome data of 653 glioma patients were downloaded online. ssGSEA was performed on transcriptome data of 653 patients to divided them into low, medium and high immune cell infiltration groups. Immune-related AS events were filtrated based on this grouping. Then lasso Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were done to achieve an immune-related AS events prognostic signature for glioma. Kaplan-Meier analysis, ROC analyses, univariate Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression were performed to reveal the independent prognostic role of this signature. Meanwhile, a nomogram was constructed to achieved better prognostic value for glioma patients. Besides, functional enrichment analyses and correlation analyses with immune cells infiltration were used to validated the immune-related characteristic of this signature.Results36 immune-related AS events were achieved based on the grouping mentioned above. A nine-immune-related alternative splicing event signature was built for glioma patients. This signature showed an independent prognostic value and a nomogram containing gender, age, Karnofsky performance score, grade, IDH status, MGMT promoter status and risk score derived from the signature was constructed with a higher predictive ability for overall survival. Association with the infiltration of immune cell subtypes was validated and functional enrichment analysis found that the signature was mainly enriched in immune-related and pro-tumor functions.ConclusionOur research presented all immune-related AS events in glioma, identified an immune-related prognostic AS events risk model and a nomogram was constructed to predict the prognosis individually and more precisely. Tight connection was verified between this signature and clinical characteristics. Also, immune cells infiltration and immune checkpoints expression level were proved to link to risk scores, which enhanced the understanding of relationship between AS events and glioma immune microenvironment, firstly revealing the potential role of AS in immunotherapy of glioma.
Pelvic Plexus Block Versus Periprostatic Nerve Block for Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ding Hui , Ning Zhongyun , Ma Hongwu 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundTo relieve prostate biopsy-related pain, various local anesthetic methods have been used. The best approach was periprostatic nerve block (PNB) in the past decade. Recently, pelvic plexus block (PPB) was employed to ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Compared with the PNB, the PPB may block a more extensive area. Therefore, PPB may be more effective in relieving prostate biopsy-related pain. However, several prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PPB and PNB drew conflicting conclusions, so we compared the difference of pain control between PPB and PNB for prostate biopsy.MethodsThe following databases were retrieved up to October 2020: PubMed, Chinese biomedicine literature database, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Internet databases, Wan fang databases and Google Scholar. Only the RCTs were included. The main outcome measures were Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and complications. The literature quality and extracted data were evaluated by two authors independently. The software Review Manager (version 5.3) was used to perform the data analysis that comparing the difference of VAS score and complications between PPB and PNB.ResultsAfter screening, six articles including 336 patients from PPB group and 337 patients from PNB group were performed meta-analysis in this study. The results showed that there were no significant difference of pain control in probe insertion and local anesthetic injection between PPB and PNB, while compared with PNB, patients with PPB experienced less pain during biopsy and 30 min after biopsy, respectively(MD = −0.57, 95% CI: −1.11 to −0.03, Z = 2.06, P = 0.04; MD = −0.21, 95% CI: −0.40 to −0.02, Z = 2.15, P = 0.03). In subgroup analysis, the pooled results showed that PPB was superior to PNB in 12-cores biopsy (pooled MD = −1.16, 95% CI: −1.61 to −0.71, P &lt; 0.00001), and more than 40-ml prostate size, regardless of transrectal or transperineal prostate biopsy. The reported major complications were urinary retention, hematuria, infection and hemospermia. The pooled results showed that there were no obvious difference in complications between PPB group and PNB group.ConclusionsOverall, this meta-analysis suggests that PPB provides safe and effective pain control of ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, and PPB is superior to PNB. In future, it also needs more high quality, large samples RCTs to verify.
NeoAct: A Randomized Prospective Pilot Study on Communication Skill Training of Neonatologists
Authors: Bibl Katharina , Wagner Michael , Steinbauer Philipp , Gröpel Peter , Wimmer Sabrina , Olischar Monika , Berger Angelika , Hladschik-Kermer Birgit 
Published: May 2021

Background: This randomized interventional study evaluated the impact of a 1-day experiential communication skills training on neonatologists' performance in doctor-parents-communication.Methods: 17 neonatologists with different levels of professional experience from the Medical University of Vienna were randomized into one of two study groups: The intervention group (IG) as opposed to the control group (CG) participated in a 1-day experiential communication training. Eight weeks after the training, participants' communication skills were assessed during an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Neonatologists were assessed in a simulated conversation by how effectively they performed when conveying complex health-related information to parents of ill infants. Participants in the control group (CG) were assessed first during the OSCE and received their communication training later on. Self-assessment questionnaires before and after the workshop and OSCE were completed.Results: The study determined that neonatologists in the IG subjectively perceived that their competence level regarding their communication skills had increased after the workshop, while this was not reflected by their performance during the OSCE assessment.Discussion: A 1-day experiential communication skills training significantly increased physicians' self-evaluation concerning their communicative competence. This perceived competence did not manifest itself in increased communication skills during the OSCE.Conclusion: Repeated training is needed.
Propofol Inhibits Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cardiotoxicity Through the Protein Kinase C/Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor Pathway
Authors: Li Shengqiang , Lei Zhen , Zhao Meng , Hou Yonghao , Wang Di , Xu Xingli , Lin Xiaowen , Li Jingxin , Tang Shuhai , Yu Jingui , Meng Tao 
Published: May 2021

Both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, H) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can damage cardiomyocytes, which was inhibited by propofol (P). The present research was designed to examine whether propofol can reduce myocardial I/R injury by activating protein kinase C (PKC)/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway in H9C2 cells and rat Langendorff models. H9C2 cells were disposed of no reagents (C), H2O2for 24 h (H), propofol for 1 h before H2O2(H+P), and chelerythrine (CHE, PKC inhibitor) for 1 h before propofol and H2O2(H+P+CHE). N = 3. The PKC gene of H9C2 was knocked down by siRNA and overexpressed by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, PKC agonist). The cell viability and the expressions of PKC, NRF2, or heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) were evaluated. Propofol significantly reduced H9C2 cell mortality induced by H2O2, and significantly increased NRF2 nuclear location and HO-1 expression, which were restrained by siRNA knockout of PKC and promoted by PMA. Rat hearts were treated with KrebsHenseleit solution for 120 min (C), with (I/R+P) or without (I/R) propofol for 20 min before stopping perfusion for 30 min and reperfusion for 60 min, and CHE for 10 min before treated with propofol. N = 6. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in perfusion fluid and antioxidant enzymes in the myocardium were assessed. I/R, which increased LDH and CK-MB expression and reduced SOD expression, boosted the pathological damage and infarcts of the myocardium after reperfusion. However, propofol restrained all these effects, an activity that was antagonized by CHE. The results suggest that propofol pretreatment protects against I/R injury by activating of PKC/NRF2 pathway.
Investigating the Effects of Using Plastic Waste as Fine Aggregate in Self Compacting Concrete
Authors:   Delhi Technological University, Delhi-110042, India, Singh Ankur , Singh Ankita , Agrawal Disha 
Published: May 2021

Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) has properties of low yield stress, high deformability, and good segregation resistance.	It is defined as fresh concrete that flows under its own weight and does not require external vibration to undergo compaction. The aim of this was to study and find the viability of replacing sand (fine aggregate) partially with recycled plastic waste (PET). Different SCC mixes were prepared with a consistent water/cementitious ratio of 0.368 with 550 kg/m3 of paste volume. The plastic waste content was varied with 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5% by weight of sand and was designated as Fine plastic waste (FPW) and was considered as the experimental parameters. The mixes were tested against their workability properties as SCC mixes, regarding tests namely L-Box test height ratio, V-funnel flow time, and slump flow diameter. Cubic compressive strength was also measured against a 28-days curing period. The experimental results indicated that plastic in small percentages could be incorporated and can successfully partially replace fine aggregate in self-compacting concrete.
Comparison of the expansion behavior of atoms and droplets ablated from a β-tricalcium phosphate target under low-pressure ambient H2O gas for hydroxyapatite coating
Authors: Yashiro Hidehiko , Umebayashi Nobuhiro , Kakehata Masayuki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Visualizing the expansion of particles of different size in a laser-ablated plume is useful for understanding the mechanism of the pulsed-laser deposition process. In our previous work that the crystalline hydroxyapatite content in a coating layer decreased with increasing H2O gas pressure. We concluded that ablated atoms and ions, which were immediately changed into crystalline hydroxyapatite, were stopped before reaching the substrate in the H2O pressure range. In the present study, the expansion behavior of ablated droplets and atoms in H2O gas was measured independently. Droplets were also measured via Mie scattering images using a second probe laser beam and were found to not be affected by the ambient gas pressure. However, the excited Ca atoms and ions in this H2O pressure range were effectively prevented from reaching the substrate. These confirm that the decrease in the crystalline hydroxyapatite content was caused by the increase in the ambient gas pressure.
IDEAS ABOUT MARRIAGE DEPENDING ON THE STRUCTURE OF VALUABLE ORIENTATIONS OF WOMEN IN EARLY ADULTHOOD
Authors:   Chair of General and Cognitive Psychology, Astrakhan State University (Russia), Merzlyakova Svetlana , Golubeva Marina ,   Chair of English Language for Humanitarian Specialties, Astrakhan State University (Russia)
Published: May 2021

The phenomenon of marriage is one of the little-studied questions of family psychology. The resolution of the contradiction between the need of modern society to form complete and adequate ideas about the marital role among students and the need to identify socio-psychological factors that influence the development of ideas about marriage determines the problem of research. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of ideas about marriage (Ideal husband, Ideal wife) depending on the structure of valuable orientations of young women in early adulthood. Methods of research. Theoretical and methodological literature analysis, questionnaire, psycho-diagnostic methods (the questionnaire “A Value and Availability Ratio in Various Vital Spheres Technique” by E.B. Fantalova, the method of Semantic Differential, developed by Charles E. Osgood, projective technique of "Incomplete Sentences", the questionnaire "Role Expectations and Claims in Marriage" by A. N. Volkova); mathematical and statistical data processing methods. During the analytical stage we used mathematical and statistical methods that allowed us to establish the reliability of the research results. All calculations were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 computer program. The analysis included descriptive statistics, cluster analysis (K-means method), Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for one sample, Shapiro-Wilkes criterion, and correlation analysis. The study involved 310 female students in age from 20 to 22 from Astrakhan State University and the Astrakhan Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. It was found that among young female students 45 people (14.5 %) are focused on the values of professional self-realization, 59 people (19 %) are focused on gnostic and aesthetic values, and 206 people (66.5 %) are focused on the values of personal happiness. The results showed that the concepts of marriage have both common features and specific features due to the influence of the structure of valuable orientations of the respondents. Ideas about marriage are characterized by fragmentary formation of emotional and behavioral components, in some cases the presence of cognitive distortions. The obtained results actualize the importance and necessity of psychological and pedagogical support of the process of family self-determination of students, the formation of complete and adequate ideas about marriage in the conditions of the educational environment of the university.
DECISION MAKING SUPPORT IN THE IMAGE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Калашников А.О. , Барабанов В.Ф. , Нужный А.М. , Барабанов А.В. 
Published: May 2021

Рассмотрены вопросы создания системы поддержки принятия решений при составлении паспорта дороги. Одной из задач, решаемых в процессе паспортизации автомобильной дороги, является заполнение данных о наличии и расположении искусственных сооружений, дорожных инженерных устройств, в том числе дорожных знаков. Система предназначена для автоматизированного анализа видеопотока с целью выделения кадров, содержащих дорожные знаки, а также последующей классификации найденных знаков. Приведена оригинальная двухэтапная система извлечения и классификации изображений, содержащих дорожные знаки. Алгоритм обнаружения требуемых изображений базируется на использовании вейвлет-преобразований Хаара и концепции интегрального изображения, что позволяет максимально быстро находить требуемые кадры. Оригинальность применения признаков Хаара состоит в том, чтобы использовать только 2 прямоугольных фильтра (горизонтальный и вертикальный) в разных масштабах: 2x2, 4x4, 8x8 и 16x16. Последующая обработка данных, целью которой является классификация найденных изображений, осуществляется с применением искусственной нейронной сети. Актуальность разработки подобной системы поддержки принятия решения определяется необходимостью обработки больших объемов видеоданных. Система позволяет в значительной мере исключить фактор пользовательских ошибок, что очень важно, так как полученные данные влияют на безопасность дорожного движения
The article considers issues of creating a decision support system for the preparation of the passport of a road. One of the tasks solved in the process of passporting a motorway is to fill data on the presence and location of structures, road engineering devices, including road signs. The system is designed for automated analysis of the video flow to highlight frames containing road signs, as well as the subsequent classification of the found characters. We give an original two-stage system for extracting and classifying images containing road signs. The detection algorithm for the desired images is based on the use of Haar's wavelet transforms and the concept of an integrated image, which allows one to get the required frames as quickly as possible. The originality of the use of Haar signs is to use only 2 rectangular filters (horizontal and vertical) on different scales: 2x2, 4x4, 8x8 and 16x16. Subsequent data processing, the purpose of which is the classification of the found images, is carried out using an artificial neural network. The relevance of the development of such a decision support system is determined by the need to process large volumes of video data. The system allows one to largely eliminate the factor of user errors, which is very important since the data obtained affect the safety of the road
ESTIMATION OF THE CAPABILITIES OF BROADBAND RECEIVERS FOR DETECTING BROADBAND SIGNALS
Authors: Махров В.А. , Найденов А.В. 
Published: May 2021

Рассмотрена задача обнаружения радиолокационных дискретных составных частотных сигналов широкополосными приемниками с программными обнаружителями. Данный тип сигналов нашел большое применение в радиолокации благодаря высокой помехоустойчивости и энергетической скрытности. Для их обнаружения часто используют широкополосный энергетический обнаружитель, который измеряет энергию принятого сигнала, сравнивая ее с пороговым уровнем, и на основе этого выносит решение о наличии либо отсутствии сигнала. Недостатком таких устройств является факт срабатывания их на одиночные отчеты, которые могут и не являться полезным сигналом. За счет того, что обнаружение ведется в широкой полосе частот, ухудшаются возможности приема таких сигналов. Для повышения возможностей приема составных частотных сигналов применяются программные обнаружители. За счет определенных правил принятия решения возрастает качество обнаружения, а одиночные отчеты более не воспринимаются. В результате была разработана методика, позволяющая провести оценку вероятности правильного и ложного обнаружения сигналов широкополосным приемником с программным обнаружителем в системах связи с применением широкополосных сигналов на примере радиолокационных дискретных составных частотных сигналов. Показано преимущество применения программной обработки
We considered the problem of detecting radar discrete composite frequency signals by broadband receivers with software detectors. This type of signal is widely used in radar due to its high noise immunity and energy secrecy. To detect them, a broadband energy detector is often used, which measures the energy of the received signal, comparing it with a threshold level, and, based on this, makes a decision on the presence or absence of a signal. The disadvantage of such devices is the fact that they are triggered for single reports, which may not be a useful signal. Due to the fact that the detection is carried out in a wide frequency band, the ability to receive such signals is impaired. To improve the reception capabilities of composite frequency signals, software detectors are used. Due to certain decision rules, the quality of detection increases, and single reports are no longer accepted. As a result, we developed a technique that makes it possible to assess the probability of correct and false signal detection by a broadband receiver with a software detector in communication systems using wideband signals using the example of discrete composite frequency radar signals. Here we show the advantage of using software processing