bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and sleep during the first week of anorexia nervosa inpatient care
Authors: Langlet Billy , Vestermark Fannie , Stolt Josefin , Zandian Modjtaba , Södersten Per , Bergh Cecilia 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundIndividuals with Anorexia Nervosa are often described as restless, hyperactive and having disturbed sleep. The result reproducibility and generalisability of these results are low due to the use of unreliable methods, different measurement methods and outcome measures. A reliable method to measure both physical activity and sleep is through accelerometry. The main purpose of the study was to quantify the physical activity and sleeping behaviour of anorexia nervosa patients. Another purpose was to increase result reproducibility and generalisability of the study.Material and methodsAccelerometer data were collected from the first week of treatment of anorexia nervosa at an inpatient ward. Raw data from the Axivity AX3©accelerometer was used with the open-source package GGIR for analysis, in the free statistical software R. Accelerometer measurements were transformed into euclidean norm minus one with negative values rounded to zero (ENMO). Physical activity measurements of interest were 24h average ENMO, daytime average ENMO, inactivity, light activity, moderate activity, and vigorous activity. Sleep parameters of interest were sleep duration, sleep efficiency, awakenings, and wake after sleep onset. The sleep duration of different age groups was compared to recommendations by the National Sleep Foundation using a Fisher’s exact test.ResultsOf 67 patients, due to data quality 58 (93% female) were included in the analysis. Average age of participants was 17.8 (±6.9) years and body mass index was 15.5 (±1.9) kg/m2. Daytime average ENMO was 17.4 (±5.1) mg. Participants spent 862.6 (±66.2) min per day inactive, 88.4 (±22.6) min with light activities, 25.8 (±16.7) min with moderate activities and 0.5 (±1.8) min with vigorous activities. Participants slept for 461.0 (±68.4) min, waking up 1.45 (±1.25) times per night for 54.6 (±35.8) min, having an average sleep quality of 0.88 (±0.10). 31% of participants met sleep recommendations, with a significantly higher number of 6–13 year old patients failing to reach recommendations compared to 14–25 year old patients.ConclusionThe patient group spent most of their time inactive at the beginning of treatment. Most patients failed to reach sleep recommendations. The use of raw data and opensource software should ensure result reproducibility, enable comparison across points in treatment and comparison with healthy individuals.
Sampling site for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR—An intrapatient four-site comparison from Tampere, Finland
Authors: Kerimov Dominik , Tamminen Pekka , Viskari Hanna , Lehtimäki Lauri , Aittoniemi Janne 
Published: November 2021

Background
SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis relies on the performance of nasopharyngeal swabs. Alternative sample sites have been assessed but the heterogeneity of the studies have made comparing different sites difficult.

Objectives
Our aim was to compare the performance of four different sampling sites for SARS-CoV-2 samples with nasopharynx being the benchmark.

Study design
COVID-19 positive patients were recruited prospectively, and samples were collected and analysed for SARS-CoV-2 with RT-PCR from all four anatomical sites in 43 patients, who provided written informed consent.

Results
All anterior nasal and saliva samples were positive, while two oropharyngeal samples were negative. There was no significant difference in the cycle threshold values of nasopharyngeal and anterior nasal samples while saliva and oropharynx had higher cycle threshold values.

Conclusions
Anterior nasal swab performs as good as nasopharynx swab with saliva also finding all the positives but with higher cycle threshold values. Thus, we can conclude that anterior nasal swabs can be used for SARS-CoV-2 detection instead of nasopharyngeal swabs if the situation would require so.
DieRhetorica ad Alexandrumund die attischen Redner: Politische Differenzierung und praktische Rhetorik im Griechenland des 4. Jhd. v. Chr.
Authors: Piepenbrink Karen 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDieRhetorica ad Alexandrumgilt allgemein als ausnehmend praxisorientierte rhetorische Schrift. Im Unterschied zur bisherigen Forschung sucht der Beitrag zu zeigen, dass ihr Praxisbezug nicht vorrangig am zeitgenössischen Athen orientiert ist, sondern eher am Typus einer gemäßigt demokratisch verfassten Polis. Entsprechend vermag die Schrift uns wichtige Hinweise auf die rhetorische Praxis gerade auch außerhalb Athens zu geben.
The Administration of Syria under Alexander the Great
Authors: Kholod Maxim М. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe author is of the opinion that as a result of Alexander the Great’s conquest of Syria (late 333–332 BC), which had been a single administrative entity under the Achaemenids, it was divided into two satrapies – the northern and the southern one. He believes that Menon, son of Cerdimmas, was appointed as the first head of the northern satrapy (winter 333/332), to be replaced by Arimmas (early spring 331), who, in his turn, was succeeded by Asclepiodorus, son of Eunicus (late summer 331). Besides, it seems that Andromachus became the first head of the southern satrapy (shortly before winter 332/331), and after he was killed, Menon, transferred from the north to the south, took his place (early spring 331). Already in Alexander’s lifetime, probably in 329/328, Syria was once again merged into one satrapy. It is unclear who was installed as satrap of the unified region. At any rate, it could not have been Menes, son of Dionysius: the hypothesis that in winter 331/330 he was made satrap of the new province including Syria and Cilicia does not stand scrutiny. In the author’s view, the main task Alexander assigned to Menes was to take control and then to keep open and organized the sea communications with the coast of Syria, Phoenicia and Cilicia, and in the matters concerning these activities Menes was fully independent of the local satraps.
Experimental Investigation of the Cutting Force Measurements in Machinability Evaluations of Metals
Authors: Ren F. Z. , Zhang D. W. , Volinsky A. A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cutting tools need to be changed constantly while the machinability of materials is evaluated by cutting force measurements. However, little attention has been paid to the variation of the cutting force caused by such a tool change. In this study, a homogeneous material was used as the cutting object and an ordinary, mechanically clamped, external cutting tool was used. For the same cutting parameters, when the tool wear can be ignored, the effects of the insert resetting and the whole mechanically clamped cutting tool remounting on the main cutting force were examined. The change in the cutting force caused by the insert resetting and replacing is less than 2 %, while that caused by remounting of the whole mechanically clamped cutting tool is as great as 11 %. If the cutting force is used to evaluate the machinability of materials, a mechanically clamped tool should be used, and the insert can be replaced, but the tool holder should be mounted once only for all subsequent tests. This conclusion is very important for accurate measurement of the cutting force and accurate evaluation of the metal machinability.
Off-Target Expression of Cre-Dependent Adeno-Associated Viruses in Wild-Type C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Botterill Justin J. , Khlaifia Abdessattar , Walters Brandon J. , Brimble Mark A. , Scharfman Helen E. , Arruda-Carvalho Maithe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are a commonly used tool in neuroscience to efficiently label, trace, and/or manipulate neuronal populations. Highly specific targeting can be achieved through recombinase-dependent AAVs in combination with transgenic rodent lines that express Cre-recombinase in specific cell types. Visualization of viral expression is typically achieved through fluorescent reporter proteins (e.g., GFP or mCherry) packaged within the AAV genome. Although nonamplified fluorescence is usually sufficient to observe viral expression, immunohistochemical amplification of the fluorescent reporter is routinely used to improve viral visualization. In the present study, Cre-dependent AAVs were injected into the neocortex of wild-type C57BL/6J mice. While we observed weak but consistent nonamplified off-target double inverted open reading frame (DIO) expression in C57BL/6J mice, antibody amplification of the GFP or mCherry reporter revealed notable Cre-independent viral expression. Off-target expression of DIO constructs in wild-type C57BL/6J mice occurred independent of vendor, AAV serotype, or promoter. We also evaluated whether Cre-independent expression had functional effects via designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs). The DREADD agonist C21 (compound 21) had no effect on contextual fear conditioning or c-Fos expression in DIO-hM3Dq-mCherry+cells of C57BL/6J mice. Together, our results indicate that DIO constructs have off-target expression in wild-type subjects. Our findings are particularly important for the design of experiments featuring sensitive systems and/or quantitative measurements that could be negatively impacted by off-target expression.
Dam-break computations by a finite volume on dry regions
Authors: Boushaba Farid , Daoudi Salah , Yachouti Ahmed , Regad Youssef 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper presents numerical solvers, based on the finite volume method. This scheme solves dam break problems on the dry bottom in 2D configuration. The difficulty of the simulation of this type of problem lies in the propagation of shocks on the dry bottom. The equation model used is the shallow water equations written in conservative form. The scheme used is second order in space and time. The method is modified to treat dry bottoms. The validity of the method is demonstrated over the dam break example. A comparison with finite elements shows the weakness and robustness of each method.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЫРАБОТКИ ТРУДНОИЗВЛЕКАЕМЫХ ЗАПАСОВ НЕФТИ НЕОДНОРОДНЫХ КОЛЛЕКТОРОВ ТЮМЕНСКОЙ СВИТЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ ООО «ЛУКОЙЛ-ЗАПАДНАЯ СИБИРЬ»)
Authors: Grachev Sergey I. , Юдчиц Vitaly V. , Druchin Vitaly S. , Yunusov Radmir R. 
Published: November 2021

Ссылка для цитирования: Особенности выработки трудноизвлекаемых запасов нефти неоднородных коллекторов тюменской свиты (на примере месторождений ООО «ЛУКОЙЛ-Западная Сибирь») / С.И. Грачев, В.В. Юдчиц, В.С. Дручин, Р.Р. Юнусов // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2021. – Т. 332. – № 10. – С. 192–201.
Актуальность. Из 26 промышленно-разрабатываемых месторождений ООО «ЛУКОЙЛ-Западная Сибирь» в Шаимском нефтегазоносном районе пласты средней юры продуктивны на 21 месторождении. В них сосредоточено 56 % извлекаемых запасов нефти. Залежи отложений средней юры имеют сложное геологическое строение и характеризуются неоднородностью по разрезу, не выдержаны по простиранию, имеют в целом низкие фильтрационно-емкостные свойства. Запасы нефти в отложениях пластов тюменской свиты отнесены к трудноизвлекаемым по стратиграфической принадлежности. Отбор нефти в них от начальных извлекаемых запасов по состоянию на 01.01.2021 г. составляет всего 8,6 %. Темп отбора от НИЗ 0,4 % в год. Исследование особенностей выработки коллекторов тюменской свиты является актуальной задачей. Цель: выявить ключевые геолого-физические особенности разработки коллекторов тюменской свиты для поиска методов и технологий повышения эффективности их разработки. Объекты: коллекторы тюменской свиты Шаимского района. Методы: контент-анализ, анализ и обобщение имеющегося опыта разработки коллекторов тюменской свиты на примере трех месторождений ООО «ЛУКОЙЛ-Западная Сибирь». Результаты. Обобщены особенности геологического строения, выработки запасов пластов тюменской свиты и основные направления совершенствования технологии разработки. По результатам проведенного анализа выработки коллекторов тюменской свиты выявлены существенные различия в эффективности выработки запасов нефти. По результатам интерпретации гидродинамических исследований, проведенных на рассматриваемых месторождениях, на двух выявлены коллекторы с двойной средой, что может оказывать существенное влияние на достижение различной эффективности разработки указанных месторождений. Во многом низкая эффективность разработки объектов тюменской свиты обусловлена применяемыми системами разработки, запроектированными на недостаточно геологически изученных залежах. Важной прикладной задачей эксплуатации порово-трещиноватого коллектора является определение величины дренируемых запасов и возможность прогнозирования их выработки с применением характеристик вытеснения, соответствующих типу продуктивного пласта.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ МИГРАЦИИ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В РАЙОНЕ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ НЕФТЕПЕРЕРАБОТКИ
Authors: Boev Vladislav V. , Baranovskaya Natalya V. , Boev Viktor A. 
Published: November 2021

Ссылка для цитирования: Боев В.В., Барановская Н.В., Боев В.А. Изменение миграции химических элементов в районе размещения предприятия нефтепереработки // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2021. – Т. 332. – № 10. – С. 150–159.
Актуальность исследования обусловлена отсутствием данных по воздействию многих нефтеперерабатывающих заводов на прилегающие почвы для конкретных регионов, определяемому конструктивными и технологическими особенностями, при изученности общей геохимической специфики нефтеперерабатывающей отрасли. Цель исследования состоит в выявлении особенностей накопления в почвах и распределения по профилю некоторых специфических для нефтеперерабатывающей промышленности химических элементов на территории деятельности относительно нового нефтеперерабатывающего завода путем сопоставления с данными для фоновой территории с аналогичными природными условиями и кларком. Объекты: почвы Тюменского федерального заказника и территории расположения Антипинского нефтеперерабатывающего завода. Методы: выбор и подготовка пробных площадок, отбор и подготовка почв, определение элементного состава инструментальным нейтронно-активационным методом, интерпретация результатов. Результаты. Изучено содержание Br, Sb, Zn, As, Co в почвах восточной части Тюменского федерального заказника и района размещения Антипинского нефтеперерабатывающего завода, их распределение по профилю. Путем сравнения полученных результатов выявлено повышенное содержание данных химических элементов в горизонте A1 почв территории расположения Антипинского нефтеперерабатывающего завода относительно Тюменского федерального заказника и изменение закономерностей их распределения по профилю. В почве района вблизи техногенного объекта книзу сокращается повышенное содержание рассмотренных химических элементов, что наблюдается и по абсолютным значениям, и по коэффициентам концентрации относительно условно-фоновых данных для почв Тюменского федерального заказника. Это свидетельствует о поступлении их с поверхности. При этом на обеих территориях содержание химических элементов ниже кларка, что отражает относительно невысокую техногенную нагрузку в данных районах.
Evaluating the use of narrative pedagogy in person-centred care and human factors in perioperative practice education
Authors:   University of Brighton, East Sussex, Holland Joanna , Muir Nita ,   University of Chichester, Chichester, West Sussex
Published: November 2021

Background: There is an international effort to develop understanding from human factors theory and implement this in healthcare to improve person-centred care and patient safety. Aim: This project aimed to evaluate the use of narrative pedagogy to teach human factors to perioperative personnel in the workplace. Methods: Using the action research model, an interactive learning session based on lessons from serious incidents was developed and delivered to perioperative staff in an NHS Trust within a practice development programme. Data were collected in the form of questionnaires and peer reviews to evaluate the learning session, and thematically analysed. Findings: The use of narrative pedagogy to explore human factors theory empowered participants to speak up, and this influenced the workplace safety culture. Conclusion: Narrative pedagogy reconnects healthcare employees with compassionate approaches to person-centred care, and this provides powerful motivation to improve the safety culture. Further studies should focus on different applications of narrative pedagogy in workplace learning, and creative approaches to teaching human factors. Implications for practice: •	Narrative pedagogy can be a conduit to develop person-centred practice •	Engaging staff through interactive practice development sessions can encourage expansive learning about human factors and their application in practice •	Narrative pedagogy motivates healthcare staff to improve the safety culture in practice
PLATO: a practice development approach to reconsidering student learning partnerships
Authors:   Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK, Hamshire Claire , Jack Kirsten ,   Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
Published: November 2021

Background: This article explores the use of a practice development approach to support nursing students’ engagement in learning partnerships in clinical practice settings. Aim: To reflect, using the model proposed by Rolfe and colleagues (2001), on the development of ‘PLATO’ – an educational tool to help nursing students explore their role in building learning partnerships in clinical settings. Conclusion: A practice development approach to clinical learning partnerships can support an effective learning culture. As a result, nursing students can gain greater empowerment and take increased responsibility for their learning. Implications for practice: •	Facilitating learning partnerships with students is important for achieving person-centred care •	Partnership working provides opportunities for true collaboration and for learning with and from our students •	Developing collaborative spaces can facilitate nursing students to reflect in and on their practice
Primary Evaluation of a New Green Synthesized Anionic Surfactant, Micellar Behavior Analysis, and Flooding in Sandstone Reservoirs: Application in Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Nafisifar Aref , Manshad Abbas Khaksar , Shadizadeh Seyed Reza 
Published: November 2021

SummarySurfactants are among the most common chemical materials injected into reservoirs to improve oil recovery. They can optimize the significant roles of chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) including interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability alteration. However, surfactants are relatively expensive materials. In the last decade, researchers have been attempting to introduce environmentally friendly and affordable surfactant to meet chemical EOR goals; therefore, biosurfactants were developed. This research has tried to introduce and develop an anionic synthesized surfactant [powder extracted from cottonseeds (PECS)] and has characterized it on the basis of the EOR targets. For this purpose, by conducting the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR) analysis, the existence of the saponin structure on this surfactant has been proved. Thereafter, to ensure the thermal stability, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been carried out. Moreover, studying the micellar behavior of PECS through electrical conductivity and surface tension analysis, it was perceived that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) is 1,200 ppm. Other solution properties including pH and density have also been measured. To investigate and ensure the validated potential for EOR parameters, IFT and wettability alteration analyses have been executed, proving the reduction of the IFT from 29.7 to 0.46 mN/m and the reduction of the contact angle value from 126.3° to 57.8°, respectively. Other surfactant properties in EOR application including emulsion stability and foamability have also been studied, representing 12-week emulsion stability and 12-minute foam half-life, respectively. In addition, gas flow rate effect for foamability of surfactant was measured. As an important parameter to investigate the performance of the novel introduced surfactant, the adsorption of surfactant on rock surface has been studied to determine the acceptable range for EOR application. Finally, coreflooding experiments showed a 7.6% increase of recovery factor.
Multi-Locus Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal Novel Alleles for Flowering Time Under Vernalisation and Extended Photoperiod in a Barley MAGIC Population
Authors: Dang Viet Hoang , Hill Camilla Beate , Zhang Xiao-Qi , Angessa Tefera Tolera , McFawn Lee-Anne , Li Chengdao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Optimal flowering time has a major impact on grain yield in crop species, including the globally important temperate cereal crop barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Understanding the genetics of flowering is a key avenue to enhance yield potential. Bi-parental populations were used intensively to map genes controlling flowering. However, the lack of genetic diversity in bi-parental populations can lead to low mapping resolution and low allele richness, rendering the identification of underlying functional alleles difficult. Multiparent mapping populations such as nested association mapping (NAM) and multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) can overcome these limitations. The higher genetic and phenotypic diversity of multiple parents allows high-resolution quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. In this study, we use a MAGIC population from four commercial barley cultivars to identify genes controlling flowering time in different environmental conditions. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using 5,112 high-quality markers from Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArT-seq) and Kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) genotyping. Phenotypic data was collected from 15 trials at different sites, across three consecutive years, various sowing times with/without vernalisation and extended photoperiod. This study detected 14 stable regions associated with flowering time across multiple environments. Minor regions associated with flowering time in certain environmental conditions were also identified. GWAS combined with pangenome data highlighted the role of CEN gene in flowering and enabled the prediction of different CEN alleles from parental lines. These associations provide opportunities to utilise specific genes/alleles to create barley varieties with better grain yield and adaptation to growing conditions.