bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The barley leaf rust resistance gene Rph3 encodes a putative executor protein
Authors: Dinh Hoan , Singh Davinder , Cruz Diana , Hensel Goetz , Mascher Martin , Stein Nils , Perovic Dragan , Ayliffe Michael , Moscou Matthew , Park Robert , pourkheirandish Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Host resistance is considered the most effective means to control plant diseases; however, individually deployed resistance genes are often rapidly overcome by pathogen adaptation. Combining multiple effective resistance genes is the optimal approach to durable resistance, but the lack of functional markers for resistance genes has hampered implementation. Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei, is an economically significant disease of barley, but only a few major Resistance genes to P. hordei (Rph) have been cloned. In this study, gene Rph3 was isolated by positional cloning and confirmed by mutational analysis and transgenic complementation. The Rph3 gene, which originated from wild barley and was first introgressed into cultivated Egyptian germplasm, encodes a unique transmembrane resistance protein that differs from all known plant disease resistance proteins at the amino acid sequence level. Genetic profiles of diverse accessions indicated limited genetic diversity in Rph3 in domesticated germplasm, and higher diversity in wild barley from the Eastern Mediterranean region. Expression profiling using P. hordei isolates with contrasting pathogenicity for the Rph3 host locus showed that the Rph3 gene was expressed only in interactions with Rph3-avirulent isolates, a phenomenon also observed for transcription activator-like effector-dependent genes known as executors conferring resistance to Xanthomonas spp. Like the known transmembrane executors such as Bs3 and Xa7 heterologous expression of Rph3 in N. benthamiana induced a cell death response. Given that Rph3 shares several features with executor genes, it seems likely that P. hordei contains effectors similar to the transcription activator-like effectors that target host executor genes. The isolation of Rph3 highlights convergent evolutionary processes in diverse plant-pathogen interaction systems, where similar defence mechanisms evolved independently in monocots and dicots and provide evidence for executor genes in the Triticeae tribe.
The Role of miRNA-377 as a Tumor Suppressor in Lung Cancer by Negative Regulation of Genes Belonging to ErbB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Hashemi Saba , Yari Naghmeh , Jamnani Fatemeh Rahimi , Mahdian Reza , Karimipoor Morteza , Zeinali Sirous , Rafiee Mohammad Hesam , Azizi Masoumeh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The ErbB signaling pathway plays important role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. We explored the role of miRNA-377 as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC through silencing of some genes in the ErbB pathway.Targeting the effect of miRNA-377 on EGFR, MAPK1, ABL2, and PAK2 was evaluated. The expression levels of these genes and miRNA-377 were surveyed in NSCLC and normal human tissues, Calu-6, and A549 cells. Real-time PCR was used to figure out whether miRNA-377 could decrease the target genes mRNAs in transfected lung cancer cell lines. The effects of miRNA-377 on apoptosis cell and proliferation were analyzed. We showed that miRNA-377 targets EGFR, MAPK1, and PAK2 mRNAs in in-silico and luciferase reporter assay. The expression of miRNA-377 was significantly downregulated in human NSCLC tissues, Calu-6 and A549 cells compared to their controls. We observed a negative correlation between EGFR, MAPK1, PAK2, and miRNA-377 expression in human NSCLC tissues. A significant reduction in EGFR, MAPK1, and PAK2 mRNA levels was detected, following miRNA-377 transfection in Calu-6 and A549 cells. The higher levels of miRNA-377 in Calu-6, and A549 cells induced apoptosis and reduced proliferation, significantly. All these data reveal that miRNA-377 functions as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
The Efficacy of Iodine-131-Metaiodobenzylguanidine Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory Neuroblastoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: He Huihui , Xu Qiaoling , Yu Chunjing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveNeuroblastoma is a common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. Recently, multiple treatments have been practiced including Iodine-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine radiation (131I-MIBG) therapy. However, the efficacy varies greatly. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of 131I-MIBG for relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma and to provide evidence and hints for clinical decision-making.MethodsMedline, EMBASE database and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. Eligible studies were clinical trials of refractory assigned to 131I-MIBG with data on efficacy including tumor response. The overall efficacy was calculated using a random-effects model considering of the heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 26 clinical trials including 883 patients were analyzed. The overall rates of objective response SD, PD and MR was 39% (95% CI: 32%-47%), 31% (95% CI: 24%, 37%), 22% (95% CI: 15%, 30%) and 15% (95% CI: 3%, 31%), respectively. Overall objective response rates of 131I-MIBG in combination with chemotherapy was 28%（95% CI: 14%, 44%）. Median event-free survival (EFS) ranged from 10 to 16 months in the studies included.Conclusion131I-MIBG treatment is effective on clinical outcomes in relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma, more randomized-controlled clinical trials investigating the efficacy of 131I-MIBG in combination with chemotherapy should be conducted.
Successful Treatment of Chronic Monteggia Fracture-dislocations in Children---A New Reference
Authors: Xu Ping , Zhang Zhiqiang , Ning Bo , wang Dahui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGreat difficulty and more failures were the descriptions of a chronic Monteggia fracture-dislocation. The treatment of chronic Monteggia lesion remains controversial and challenging for surgeons. This study aims to introduce our experience of a new reference in the treatment of chronic Monteggia fracture-dislocation in children and evaluate outcomes from clinical and radiographic findings.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 18 children who underwent surgical treatment because of chronic Monteggia lesion. Electronic medical records of clinical data, radiographic parameters, and operative details, were reviewed for study analysis. Parameters were compared at the time of pre-operation and the last follow-up. The relationship of lengthening and angulation of ulnar was calculated.ResultsMean interval time was 11.1 ± 15.7 months and follow-up time was 34.6 ± 23.7 months in this study. A congruent radiocapitellar reduction was observed in 15 (83.3%) patients, while 2 (11.1%) patients developed subluxation, and 1 (5.6%) patient had redislocation. The mean posterior bending angle was 12.88° (range, 3 to 25°), and the mean amount of elongation of the ulnar was 8.78 mm (range, 3.6 to 17.5 mm). The lengthening was significantly proportional to the magnitude of angulation of ulnar in good outcome patients (r = 0.637, p = 0.009), and the index was larger than the failed ones. Postoperatively, the Kim scores were obviously improved, from 59.17 ± 18.17 to 90 ± 6.64.ConclusionsWe highlight the ulnar osteotomy as the essential procedure during the reconstruction surgeries. Enough elongation and balanced angulation of the osteotomy is warranted to keep satisfactory outcomes. The ulnar should be lengthened to more than normal proportional ulnar length to stable the radial head reduction. Iliac crest autograft is recommended to avoid nonunion of ulnar osteotomy after enough lengthening.Level of evidenceLevel IV; Case Series; Treatment Study
Epigenetic Mechanism of TGF-β1 Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteoarthritis
Authors: He Jianwei , Cao Weiwei , Fang Qinzheng , Azeem Inayat , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives: It had been proved that TGF-β1 was correlated with onset of osteoarthritis in vitro and vivo. Here, This study was to elucidate the epigenetic mechanism of TGF-β1 promoting osteogenic differentiation in osteoarthritis. Methods: hBMSCs surface antigens were assayed by flow cytometry tests. qRT-PCR was performed to detect hBMSCs mRNA levels of RUNX2, PPARγ and SOX9. hBMSCs were stained by osteoalkaline phosphatase and alizarin red. The qRT-PCR and Western blot were both used to detect the expression levels of methylases, demethylases and osteogenic transcription factor RUNX2 after hBMSCs were cultrued in osteogenic medium coincubated with TGF-β1 solution. Results: hBMSCs were identified by over expressions of CD90, CD105 and CD44, as well as the positive multi-diffenentiation potential tests. hBMSCs bone alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining were observed to deepen in TGF-β1 group compared with the osteogenic culture group. The mRNA expression levels of EZH1, KDM2B, KDM4A/4B/4C/4D, and KDM6A /6B were increased in hBMSCs cultured in osteogenic medium. The expression levels of KDM6A/6B were shown increasement when TGF-β1 was co-incubated with osteogenic medium. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of KDM6A/6B were significantly decreased after SB431542 was added in the medium. RUNX2 was significantly inhibited by the addition of GSK-J4 solution, while KDM6A/6B expression level did not change significantly. Conclusion: The osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs was related to the enhanced expressions of EZH1, KDM2B, KDM4A-4D, KDM6A/6B. The expression levels of demethylase KDM6A/6B were positively regulated by the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.
Self-amplification of Oxidative Stress With Tumour Microenvironment-activatable Iron-doped Nanoplatform for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Synergistic Cascade Therapy and Diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Qiao-Mei , Lu Yuan-Fei , Zhou Jia-Ping , Yang Xiao-Yan , Wang Xiao-Jie , Yu Jie-Ni , Du Yong-Zhong , Yu Ri-Sheng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is insensitivity to chemotherapy drugs and conventional chemotherapy has long been regarded as ineffective against HCC. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death with a definite Fenton reaction mechanism that converts endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH), expected to inhibit HCC in cooperation with chemotherapy.Methods: The organic/inorganic nanoplatform were characterized by various methods to analyze the morphology, element composition and tumour microenvironment response-ability. Determine the tumour-targeting efficiency and imaging capabilities of nanoplatform through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo and in vitro. Confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and western blotting were used to study the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of complementary ferroptosis/apoptosis treatment of nanoplatform. Results: This nanoplatform consists of a silica shell doped with iron and disulfide bonds, and the etched core loaded DOX that generate H2O2 in situ to enhance the ferroptosis effect. The ultrasensitive nanoplatform relied on transferrin for precise delivery and could be activated by the tumour microenvironment (TME) in which the glutathione (GSH)-responsive biodegradability could synergize with the therapeutic interaction between DOX and iron and induce tumour cells death through complementary ferroptosis and apoptosis mechanisms. Simultaneously, the nanoplatform had a superparamagnetic framework that can be used for treatment guidance and monitoring under the guidance of T2-weighted MRI.Conclusion: The rationally designed nanoplatform is expected to realize the integration of diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, and provides a new strategy for anti-tumour effects.
On The Outside Looking In: A Phenomenological Study of The Lived Experience of Australian Adults With A Disorder of The Corpus Callosum
Authors: Maxfield Maree , Cooper Monica S , Kavanagh Anne , Devine Alexandra , Gill-Atkinson Liz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background While classified as a rare condition, a congenital disorder of the corpus callosum (DCC) is one of the most commonly identified brain anomalies in newborns, occurring in 1 :4000 live births. Advances in imaging techniques have improved early diagnosis for children, yet adults with a DCC – who may present with extreme heterogeneity in cause and impact - often experience challenges in receiving a definitive diagnosis and accessing appropriate services and supports. To date, the dearth of evidence documenting the lived experiences of adults with DCC has made it difficult to determine adequate policy and service responses. This exploratory research aims to address this gap by presenting the first qualitative examination of the experiences and impact of complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum among adults. ResultsEight face-to-face interviews were conducted with Australian adults, aged 23 to 72 years, to explore their lived experience. Data was collected in four Australian states from June to August 2017. Thematic and interpretive analyses were employed to analyse data. Three emergent themes described difficulties related to; 1) Reactions to the diagnosis; 2) Access to supports and key life domains, and 3) Identifying as an adult. Interview analysis described lived experiences typically outlining a lifetime of exclusion and misunderstanding from family, educators and disability and health support services. ConclusionsThis paper contributes to filling the knowledge gap around a rare congenital brain disorder affecting the lives of adults. Findings confirm a considerable lack of information and support for adults living with corpus callosum disorders. Greater professional and societal understanding is needed to improve access to the key life domains of education, employment and social inclusion for adults with a DCC. To instigate truly effective change, social research must tackle the issues of applicability and impact to alter the dominance of uninformed practices, hindered by prevailing myths. This research paves the way for further phenomenological studies in which participant narrative is vital. Further research will elicit stronger policy and service responses for all current and emerging adults with a DCC.
Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Schistosomiasis-Associated Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Weixia , Zhang Yingyi , Liu Jican , Jing Hongyan , Lu Kui , Wang Limei , Zhu Ting , Xu Yanchao , Bu Dacheng , Cheng Meihong , Liu Jing , Shen Weidong , Yao Junxia , Huang Sinian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim: To investigate the relationship between schistosomiasis and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and the prognostic value of TILs in schistosomal colorectal cancer (CRC).Background: The association between TILs and CRC has long been suggested in the literature, but the association between TILs and schistosomiasis and the prognositic role of TILs in schistosomal CRC has never been reported previously.Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections of 351 CRC tumours, which were completely resected, were evaluated for density of TILs in intratumoural (iTIL) and stromal compartments (sTIL). Its relationship with clinicopathological features, including schistosomiasis, and clinical outcomes were evaluated and the prognostic role of sTILs in schistosomal CRC was explored.Results: Stromal TILs infiltration were correlated with smaller tumor size，less deeper pathological T stage, absence lymph node metastasis and less number of tumor budding (p＜0.05). However, there were no association between sTILs and shicstosomiasis. In the whole cohort, multivariate analysis identified gender, TNM Stage, Schistosomiasis, sTILs, lymph vascular invasion, lymph nodes positive for CRC were independent prognostic factors that associated with overall survival (OS) in CRC (p < 0.05). Patients were divided into two groups based on schistosomiasis infection status: colorectal cancer associated with schistosomiasis (CRC-NS set) and colorectal cancer without schistosomiasis (CRC-S set ). In the CRC-NS set, multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumor budding, sTILs, lymph vascular invasion, lymph nodes positive for CRC were independent prognostic factors that associated with OS (p < 0.05). However, there were no association between sTILs and OS in CRC-S set (p＞0.05). Besides, sTILs were associated with favorable OS in CRC-NS patients but not in CRC-S patients, regardless of age. Conclusion: Stromal TILs in the whole cohort and in the CRC-NS set were identified as an independent prognostic factor, but it was lack of prognostic role in schistosomal CRC. Stromal TILs was associated with less aggressive tumor features. Stromal TILs was associated with OS in CRC-NS patients but not in CRC-S patients, regardless of age.
Agreement Between Echocardiogram and Right Heart Catheterization in the Daily Practice of Investigation of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Rezende Camila Farnese , Mancuzo Eliane Viana , Nunes Maria Carmo P , Corrêa Ricardo de Amorim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Studies in the context of research have shown a significant disagreement between the echocardiographic measurement of the systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) and right atrial pressure (RAP) and that obtained by right heart catheterization (RHC). We compare measurements of sPAP and RAP, verified by transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) with those detected by RHC in patients being investigated for pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: Cross-sectional study was performed in a context of usual clinical practice in the public referral center for PH, including patients with high or intermediate echocardiographic probability of pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic PH. Bland-Altman test was used to assess the agreement amongthe values and ROC curve to identify sPAP and tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) values ​​with better accuracy. Clinically acceptable differences of 10 mmHg for sPAP and 5 mmHg for RAP were considered.Results: Ninety-five patients were included. The Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias of 8.03 mmHg for sPAP and -3.30 mmHg for RAP. Area under the curve for sPAP and TRV measured by TTE were 0.936(95% CI: 0.836-1.0) and 0.919(95% CI: 0.837-1.0), respectively. According to the pre-defined pressure differences, only 33.4% of the echocardiographic estimate of sPAP and 55.1% of RAP were accurate, as compared to the measurements obtained by RHC. Conclusions: Real life study revealed that echocardiographic evaluation demonstrated a high discriminatory power for diagnosis of PH, but sPAP and RAP measurements showed significant disagreements in relation to hemodynamic measures. The technical improvement of diagnostic services may contribute to the earlier recognition of this condition by TTE.
PaaS Platform Securityenhancement Using Fuzzy and Trust Based Signature
Authors: SRINIVAS PATHAKAMURI , Reddy B.V. Ramana , Kumar A.P. Siva 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study of PaaS platform security enhancement has occupied scholars from a number of disciplines, in previous works has so many security issues like Security problems can be a big barrier to cloud computing. System servers require trustworthy security measures to different data domains according to the system servers own operating mechanism. Problem is constructed by filtering out those cloud providers not conforming to high-level security requirements. By including low-level security requirements to be used for filtering the cloud provider space and formulating the optimisation function. To overcome all the above drawbacks our proposed work mainly focused on the security of Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) as well as the most critical security issues that were documented regarding PaaS infrastructure. This work has two main aspects: First, suitable access control on user personal data, VMs and platform services and Second planning and adapting application deployments based on security requirements. In Fuzzy based access control to information sources is mainly realised by exploiting the CDO security feature. In Security feature code was modified to map the class and packet filter for any specific permission to our own class. If the Identity Provider (IdP) has included public security information on the two main parts in the small token on which Trust based Signature elements are placed, i.e., the whole token or the assertions included, this public key is used to validate the respective signature. The experimental results will show that our proposed method outperforms the traditional methods. Our proposed methodology was implemented in the platform of JAVA.
Deep reinforcement learning for diagnosing various types of cancer by TP53 mutation patterns
Authors: Rahmani Armaqan , Minaei-Bidgoli Behrouz , Ahangaran Meysam 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the key challenges for classifying multiple cancer types is the complexity of Tumor Protein p53 mutation patterns and its individual effects on tumors. However, far too little attention has been paid to Deep reinforcement Learning on TP53 mutation patterns because of its extremely difficult result interpretations. We introduce a critic network by a long-short term memory, which is appropriated for discriminating the noise samples from a Feedback Generative Adversarial Network and analyzing the actor network. The correlation and analysis of the results in a belief network demonstrates significant relations between mutations and disease risk in cancer subtypes identification. In other words, the results indicate statically significant differences between the primary and secondary subtype groups of the most probable tumor.
Radiographic Optimization of The Lateral Position of The Knee Joint Aided by CT Images and The Maximum Intensity Projection Technique
Authors: Wang Shiming , Xiao Zhibo , Lu Yunfeng , Zhang Zhiwei , Lv Fajin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Standard lateral knee-joint X-ray images are crucial for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of many knee joint-related conditions. However, it is difficult to obtain standard lateral knee-joint X-ray images in the current knee-joint lateral radiography position.Purpose: To optimize the lateral position of knee-joint for radiography aided by computed tomography (CT) images and the maximum intensity projection technique. Materials and Methods: One hundred cases of anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of knee-joints were included. Of these, 50 cases were for lateral radiography in conventional position, and the other 50 cases were for lateral radiography in optimized position. The optimized position was acquired by a retrospective analysis of one hundred cases of knee-joint CT images. The quality of the X-ray images in optimized group was compared with those in conventional group. The data were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were differences in the optimized position between males and females. The posterior condyles of the femoral epiphysis in optimized group were in perfect superimposition for most patients. However, the ones in conventional group were not. The average quality score of the lateral knee–joint X-ray images in optimized position was 3.76 ± 0.98, which is much higher than the 1.84 ± 1.15 score in conventional position. Moreover, the difference in the average quality score was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Optimization of the lateral position of knee-joint for radiography is possible with the aid of CT images and the maximum intensity projection technique.