bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEROPREVALENCE OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN IgG ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MEROZOITE ANTIGENS AMONG CHILDREN IN MINNA, NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA
Authors: HADIJAH YAMMAN-USMAN , CJ INNOCENT OMALU , ABDULKADIR ABUBAKAR , SO ABOLARINWA , SAMUEL EKE S , A CHIDIEBERE OTUU 
Published: June 2021

Objective: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a representative cohort of children in Minna aged 6 months–17 years to determine the correlation between immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens.
Methods: Plasma samples from 93 children were exposed to Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the measurement of IgG antibody production against P. falciparum.
Results: There was a high seroprevalence of IgG antibody against P. falciparum antigens tested with 74.20%. The seroprevalence for the male category was quite higher as compared with that of the female category, though, analysis using Mann–Whitney U-test revealed IgG antibody response to P. falciparum infection in the male was significantly different as compared to the female category (p<0.05). Furthermore, the prevalence of IgG antibody against P. falciparum antigen increased with age, with the lowest observed in 6 months–5 years 66.66%. Kruskal–Wallis H test showed a non-significant difference in the production of IgG antibody against P. falciparum antigen between different cohorts, and no correlation exists between them (p>0.05). An evidence of more than 50% was found for the production of IgG antibody by sub-microscopic parasite. On the other hand, microscopically positive P. falciparum samples recorded more seroprevalence of 68.81% as against negative samples, though significant difference between the negative and positive P. falciparum infected samples and the production of IgG antibody was not observed (p>0.05).
Conclusion: This study has demonstrated a boosting immune responses by sub-microscopic parasite and also suggests a strong relationship between production of IgG antibody and malaria transmission, rather than protective immunity.
SIMULTANEOUS METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF BEDAQUILINE AND DELAMANID IN HUMAN PLASMA USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: KUMAR A. K. HEMANTH , SUDHA V. , VIJAYAKUMAR A. , PADMAPRIYADARSINI C. 
Published: June 2021

Objective: A specific, simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the estimation of Bedaquiline (BDQ) and Delamanid (DLM) in human plasma was developed.
Methods: The method involved deproteinization and further extracted the analyte using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) cartridge and analysed using C18 column with the wavelength set at 231 nm. The isocratic mobile phase consisted of 10 mmol ammonium acetate buffer containing 0.25% acetic acid and 0.02% trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile in the ratio of 20:80(v/v). The validation parameters were evaluated. The method was applied to estimate plasma BDQ and DLM collected from five MDR-TB patients.
Results: Well resolved peaks of BDQ and DLM at retention times of 5.4 and 2.6 min were obtained respectively. The calibration curve was linear over a range of 0.01–10.0 µg/ml for both BDQ and DLM. The intra-and inter-day relative standard deviations for standards were below 10%. The recoveries for BDQ ranged from 101% to 107% and 98% to 107 % for DLM respectively.
Conclusion: A specific and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of BDQ and DLM in plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography was developed. This method can be used in clinical studies to evaluate drug exposure.
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF DIVORCE ON CHILDREN IN WORETA CITY ADMINISTRATION, ETHIOPIA
Authors: AGMASE NEGA GEDEFAW 
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study attempted to investigate the socio-economic effects of divorce on children in the Woreta City Administration.
Methods: Qualitative, specifically phenomenological research design was employed for understanding the lived experiences of children from divorced families. Data were collected from children of a divorced family and experts through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews and participants of the study were selected by using a non-probability of snowball sampling technique. The collected data analyzed and interpreted thematically to address the aforementioned objectives.
Results: The study shows that many children are negatively suffering from the social effects of divorce. This is often expressed by the feeling of insecurity, educational failure and/or low school performances, loss of attachment as well as abuse and neglect. The study further reveals that children are also facing the harmful economic effects of divorce. Inability to access resources to fulfill basic needs, in-accessed to health-care services, as well as learning difficulties and low school performances are the major economic problems of divorce on children.
Conclusion: The study concluded that even if divorce affects all of those involved in its process but it has harmful effects on children’s socio-economic wellbeing than others.
ON LEAVING SPACE FOR ALTRUISM
Authors: Faraci David , Jaworski Peter M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is sometimes argued that certain policies, institutions, or social structures (“practices”) fail to leave space for altruism, and that this renders them sufficiently morally objectionable to provide a presumptive case for political intervention—for example, for making such practices illegal. Our interest in this paper is to evaluate such arguments independently of other considerations. In particular, we are interested in cases where these arguments are offered against practices that would lead to a net increase in welfare. Our thesis is that they fail, or at least face serious objections.
Pengembangan Metode Pembelajaran Inovatif Bagi Tutor Keaksaraan Di Kabupaten Wonogiri
Authors: Tristanti Tristanti , Sujarwo Sujarwo , Suharta Suharta 
Published: June 2021

Kegiatan pelatihan pembelajaran inovatif bagi tutor keaksaraan merupakan kegiatan untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran tutor dalam pengemabnagan metode pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk 1) memberikan pemahaman kepada tutor keaksaraan akan pentingnya pembelajaran inovatif, 2) memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada tutor kekasaraan dalam menerapkan metode pembelajaran inovatif. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pemberdayaan diawali dengan analisis kebutuhan, penetapan materi, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi terhadap 25 orang yutor keaksaraan. Metode kegiatan meliputi ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 1) tutor keaksaraan memiliki pengetahuan dalam pembelajaran inovatif yaitu metode PAKEM dan pembelajaran berpusat pada warga belajar, 2) tutor keaksaraan mampu mempraktekkan metode pembelajaran inovatif dalam pembelajaran di masyarakat.
Immediate results of treatment of patients with myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries
Authors: Ismail-zade I. K. , Grebennik V. K. , Ivanov I. I. , Abutalimova N. R. , Zavarzina D. G. , Ishmukhametov G I. , Gordeev M. L. 
Published: June 2021

The objective was to evaluate the immediate results of treatment of patients with symptomatic form of myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries.Methods and materials. In the course of a retrospective study, the results of treatment of 70 patients who had underwent drug treatment and 52 patients who had underwent surgical treatment were analyzed. All the subjects had high functional angina pectoris.Results. Pharmacological therapy showed significant positive dynamics in 18 (25.7 %) patients. Analysis of the intraoperative and early postoperative periods in patients who underwent supracoronary myotomy allows us to conclude that surgical treatment of patients with myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries shows satisfactory results.Conclusion. Drug therapy may be effective in some patients with myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries. In case of ineffectiveness of pharmacological treatment, the possibility of performing surgery in the amount of supracoronary myotomy should be considered.
Influence of the gastric stump’s volume on the long-term results of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Melnikov D. A. , Orekhov A. A. , Mezhunts A. V. , Adizov S. A. , Abovyan А. A. 
Published: June 2021

The objective was to retrospectively analyze the dependence of long-term results of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery according to the size of the formed gastric stumpMethods and materials. We retrospectively analyzed the long-term results of 207 morbidly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery by two different techniques. The median follow-up was 36 months. Two groups of patients were identified according to the method of formation of the gastric stump: using 2 (1st group) or 3 (2nd group) stapler cassettes and performing of computed tomography volumetry to determine thevolume of the created gastric stump.Results. Statistically significant differences in the volume of the formed gastric stump, depending on the method of operation, were as follows: 23.8 ml (8.9–37.3 ml) in the 1st group and 47.7 ml (31.9–72.8 ml) in the 2nd group (p<0.0001). Significant differences were observed in the following indicators: relapse of weight gain or insufficient weight loss (loss of < 70 % overweight) at median follow-up of 36 months were observed in 2 (2.3 %) and 12 (9.9 %) cases in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively (p<0.05).Conclusion. We revealed that the formation of the gastric stump of a very small volume by 2 stapler cassettes compared to using 3 stapler cassettes contributes to improving the results in the long-term postoperative period and minimizing the frequency of relapse of weight gain and insufficient weight loss. The restrictive component of the surgery with equal malabsorptive is fundamental for the clinical parameters of its effectiveness, that leads to increasing the frequency of relapses of weight gain and insufficient weight loss in the 2nd group in comparison with the 1st and group of patients (p<0.05). Based on computed tomography volumetry, the volume of a small-sized stomach stump can be reliably measured and, accordingly, weight loss is predicted in the long term after the surgery, as well as the absence of relapses of weight gain or insufficient weight loss.
Status Resistensi Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dari Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Salido terhadap Malathion 5% dan Alfa-sipermethrin 0,025%
Authors: Pratiwi Nesa , Hasmiwati Hasmiwati , Hendriati Hendriati 
Published: June 2021

Background: Insecticides resistance status in Aedes aegypti population is one of the factors that influence the successful control efforts of dengue vector. Objectives:To determine the resistance status of Aedes aegypti from Salido Health Center towards malathion 5% and alpha-cypermethrine 0,025%. Methods: This was a descriptive study and collected during December 2019 – June 2020. Those samples were then observed with larval survey and from the ovitrap placed in 100 houses and then maintained in laboratory of parasitology, faculty of medicine Andalas University. To determine the resistance status of Aedes aegyptiusing the bioassay method with the susceptibility test by referring to the guidance of the Ministry of Health based on the 2016 WHO standard using impregnated paper malathion 5% and alpha-sipermethrin 0.025%. Observations were made by recording the number of mosquito deaths in the 15, 30, 45, 60 and 1440 minutes. The percentage of mosquito deaths is calculated after 24 hours of maintenance it is categorized as resistant if the mortality rate is less than 90%, supected to be resistant if the mortality is between 90-97%, and categorized as vunerable if the mortality rate is between 98-100%.Result: The mortality rate of Aedes aegypti for 24 hours by malathion 5% was 95%, the LT50 and the LT90 were 624 minutes and 1.247 minutes respectively. The percentage of mosquito deaths by alpha-sipermetrin 0,025% after 24 hours was 96,25% the LT50 and the LT90 were 526 minutes and 1.163 minutes respectively.Conclusion: that the resistance status of Aedes aegypti from Salido Health Center is resistant towards malathion 5% and alpha-cypermethrine 0,025%.
Gambaran Gangguan Tidur pada Pasien Pasca Stroke Iskemik
Authors: Ramadhini Alya , Syafrita Yuliarni , Russilawati Russilawati 
Published: June 2021

Background : Sleep disorder is common to be the complication in stroke patients and can be a risk factor for stroke. Sleep disorder in stroke patients decrease the quality of life.
Objective : The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of sleep disorders in a post-ischemic stroke patient and the association between sleep disorders and stroke risk factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on post-ischemic stroke at the neurology outpatient clinic of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Padang. Information about stroke risk factors is obtained through patient data and guided questionnaires. Types of sleep disorders were assessed through the 2005 Specialized Center of Research Sleep Questionnaire.
Results: We found out there were 57 post-ischemic stroke patients, in which 37 post-ischemic stroke patients (64.9%) had sleep disorder incidences, such as apnea, restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and narcolepsy (38.6%, 36.8%, 35.1%, and 15.8%; respectively). There was an association between age and insomnia (p = 0.034,CI = 95%). On the other hand, there was no association between other risk factors (gender, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, heart disease, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and insomnia, apnea, narcolepsy, and restless legs syndrome.
Conclusions : The conclusion of this study was more than half post-ischemic stroke patients have sleep disorder with the most common were apnea. There was an association between age and insomnia.
Keywords: sleep disorder, apnea, ischemic stroke
Kandungan Bilangan Peroksida Minyak Goreng Pedagang di Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Kota Padang
Authors: Syafrudin Intan Permata Sari , Asterina Asterina , Russilawati Russilawati 
Published: June 2021

Background. Indonesian usually using repeatedly cooking oil for deep frying process. The repeated use of cooking oil can be found among street vendors. Consumption of repeatedly cooking oil could lead to hepatic disorder, cardiovasular disorder and even cancer. Objective. The research aims to describe and analyze peroxide value in cooking oil used by street vendors in Perintis Kemerdekaan street in Padang City. Methods. This is a descriptive research. The reseacrh objects were taken by purposive sample method and 23 samples cooking oil used by traders. This research was conducted at Clinical Laboratory of West Sumatera from October 2019 to May 2020. Results. This research found out 14 from 23 of cooking oil used by street vendors have peroxide value above the Indonesian National Standard (abbreviated SNI) 01-3741-2013. Cooking oil used by fritter street vendors have average peroxide value is 15.10 mEq O2/kg while pecel catfish and chicken street vendors is 10.29 mEq O2/kg. The avarage peroxide value in each type of cooking oil are bulk 10,81 mEq O2/kg, branded 14,64 mEq O2/kg and mixture 16,28 mEq O2/kg. Conclusion. More than half of the samples tested had exceed the maximum peroxide values (> 10 mEq O2/kg) and the highest average are found in fritter street vendor and mixture of bulk and branded cooking oil.
Penggunaan Compost Tea Diinduksi Inokulum Fungi Lignoselulolitik Pada Media Tanam Cocopeat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kailan (Brassica oleracea L.).
Authors: Khoirunisa Sally , Irawan Bambang , Agustrina Rochma , Nurcahyani Endang , Wahyuningsih Sri 
Published: June 2021

Compost tea merupakan ekstrak kompos yang memiliki banyak nutrisi. Selain itu media tanam juga penting dalam budidaya tanaman. Cocopeat sangat cocok untuk dijadikan media tanam karena mampu menyimpan nutrisi dan air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui compost tea yang diinduksi jamur lignoselulolitik pada media tanam cocopeat terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kailan (Brassica oleracea L.) dan untuk mengetahui jenis compost tea dan komposisi media terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kailan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2020 di green house Laboratorium Lapangan Terpadu Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara faktorial menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 2 faktor, Faktor I adalah compost tea (A) dengan 2 taraf perlakuan yaitu : compost tea aerasi (A1) dan compost tea nonaerasi (A2). Faktor II adalah media tanam (B) dengan 3 taraf perlakuan rasio, yaitu : cocopeat dan tanah dengan perbandingan 2:1 (B1); 1:1 (B2); 1:2 (B3) sehingga diperoleh 6 unit perlakuan. Kontrol bukan bagian dari perlakuan tetapi kontrol dimasukkan dalam grafik sebagai pembanding antar perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan kandungan klorofil. Data hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh diuji dengan uji ANARA. Apabila ada perbedaan pada perlakuan, dilanjutkan uji Tukey’s untuk melihat perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa compost tea aerasi (ACT) memberikan hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan compost tea nonaerasi (NACT) sedangkan komposisi media tanam cocopeat : tanah = 1: 2 memberikan hasil yang lebih tinggi.

Kata Kunci : Brassica oleracea L. Cocopeat, Compost tea, Pertumbuhan.
Eficácia dos métodos não farmacológicos para alívio da dor no trabalho de parto natural: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Freitas Janaina Camilo de , Silva Cinderly Carvalho , Rodrigues Mariana Delfino , Souza Raquel Avelino Pereira de 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Identificar a eficácia dos métodos não farmacológicos para alívio da dor no trabalho de parto. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de caráter exploratório e cunho qualitativo, foram utilizados os descritores “dor do parto”, “trabalho de parto” e “terapias complementares” combinados entre si para a busca de artigos publicados no período de 2016 a 2021 na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), onde foram encontrados 74 artigos, após a utilização dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, bem como análise rigorosa de conteúdo, resultando em uma amostra de 15 artigos. Resultados: Dentre a diversidade de métodos não farmacológicos para alívio da dor, verificou-se através desta revisão que o método mais frequentemente utilizado e com maiores índices de eficácia, foi o banho de aspersão. Considerações finais: Os métodos não farmacológicos para alívio da dor são variados, podendo ser ofertados tanto isoladamente quanto em conjunto, além de trazer benefícios também são de baixo custo, mostrando ser uma importante ferramenta para assistência às parturientes.
Trends of science technology engineering mathematics (STEM)-based learning at elementary school in Indonesia
Authors: Nuraeni Fitri , Malagola Yopi , Pratomo Suko , Putri Hafiziani Eka 
Published: June 2021

This research investigates the results of studies related to the implementation of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)-based learning at elementary schools in Indonesia. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with meta-synthesis model, this research selects research articles related to STEM-based learning at elementary school in Indonesia from google scholar and google site as sources for primary data and secondary data, respectively. After reviewed through inclusion and exclusion criteria evaluated by quality assessments, 15 scientific articles published within 2015 to 2020 are analysed. Findings show that many studies have great interest in developing STEM-based teaching and learning materials, while others focus on identifying the impact of STEM-based learning on various learning achievements such as creative thinking skills, critical thinking skills, basic questioning skills, and scientific literacy, and learning achievement in general.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Melalui Edukasi Gizi Menggunakan Media Whatsapp Group
Authors: Wardhani Dwi Aulia , Nissa Choirun , Setyaningrum Yahmi Ira 
Published: June 2021

Chronic Energy Deficiency (KEK) in adolescent girls is one nutritional problem with a high prevalence in Indonesia at 2018 namely 14.5%. One of the causes is wrong eating behavior, based on knowledge and attitude nutrition who lack. The alternative to increase knowledge and attitudes isthrough nutrition education. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of nutrition education on KEK using media whatsapp group to increasing knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls at SMPN 21 PPU. The research design uses quasi-experimental with group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was determined based on convenience sampling technique so that 40 respondents were obtained. Wilcoxon test results indicate that there is an influence of nutrition education on increasing knowledge of adolescent girls (p = 0,000). Wilcoxon test results indicate that there is no effect of nutrition education on improving attitudes of adolescent girls (p = 0.936). The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of nutrition education on KEK using media whatsapp group toincreasing the knowledge of adolescent girls at SMPN 21 PPU Kaltim, but there is no effect of nutrition education on KEK using media whatsapp group to improving attitudes of adolescent girls at SMPN 21 PPU Kaltim. Based on this, further research is needed to improve attitudes and behavior of foodconsumption in order to avoid KEK.Keywords: KEK, Whatsapp Group, Knowledge, Attitude, Adolescent Girls
Technologies for Teaching in an Online Environment
Authors: Ellis Christina , Lane Mae , Hollas Tori , Coyne Jaime 
Published: June 2021

Aim/Purpose: The authors provide different technology applications useful in online instruction in addition to providing effective strategies for use in a virtual environment.

Background: Last year, educators were forced to move their instruction online almost overnight. Many were not prepared to teach effectively in a virtual environment.

Contribution: This paper serves as a resource to educators who are unfamiliar with teaching online as well as for those who would like to enhance their current practice.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Be flexible when teaching in a virtual environment. Remain open to using new and unfamiliar technologies. Be consistent in providing feedback to students and communicate frequently with them.

Impact on Society: The abrupt transition for educators, as well as for most workplaces, to an exclusively online environment in response to COVID has long-lasting effects in how business as usual will be conducted. Being proficient and comfortable in navigating a virtual environment is essential.

Future Research: As we continue to work virtually, ongoing research that informs our practice is critical for remaining effective educators. Additionally, it is important to remain knowledgeable about current and new technologies available to us.
Keywords	online instruction, technology applications, strategies