bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The feasibility of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging in evaluating bladder invasion of uterine cervical cancer
Authors: Takeuchi Mayumi , Matsuzaki Kenji , Harada Masafumi 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Uterine cervical cancer with bladder mucosal invasion is classified as FIGO stage IVA with poor prognosis. MRI can rule out the bladder invasion and skipping cystoscopy may be possible; however, high false-positive rate may be problematic. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of reduced field-of-view (FOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in evaluating bladder mucosal invasion of cervical cancer.

Methods:
3T MRI including T2WI and reduced FOV DWI in 15 women with histologically proven cervical cancer (two stage IIIB, six stage IVA, seven stage IVB) were retrospectively evaluated compared with cystoscopic findings.

Results:
Cystoscopy revealed mucosal invasion in 13 of 15 cases. The border between the tumor and the bladder wall was unclear on T2WI and clear on reduced FOV DWI in all 15 cases. The diagnosis of mucosal invasion on reduced FOV DWI had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 50%, accuracy of 93%, PPV of 93%, and NPV of 100%.

Conclusions:
Addition of reduced FOV DWI may improve the staging accuracy of MRI for cervical cancer in assessing the bladder mucosal invasion.

Advances in knowledge:
Reduced FOV DWI may improve the staging accuracy of cervical cancer in assessing bladder mucosal invasion with high NPV and PPV, which may be helpful for avoiding unnecessary cystoscopy.
Clinical use of antiviral, antibiotic and immunomodulatory drugs in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Muflihah Heni , Bhekti Rahimah Santun , Widiyanto Tulus , Mahwati Yeni , Parumasivam Thaigarajan , Sastramihardja Herri S. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Evidence of highly effective repurposed drugs for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is insufficient. However, empirical therapy using antiviral, antibiotic and immunomodulatory drugs is massive. Studies evaluating the clinical use of these drugs in Indonesia are sparse. Methods: We performed a retrospective study using medical records of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from July 2020 to March 2021 in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were collected at relevant timelines: age, sex, comorbid condition, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and hematology at admission; antiviral, antibiotic, and immunomodulator treatment during hospitalization; length of stay hospitalization (LOS) and death at discharge. Clinical use of the drug regimens included dose, frequency, and duration of therapy. The main outcome of hospitalization care was LOS and death. Results: Out of 249 patients, 43.3% had a comorbid condition, 74.7% had non-severe COVID-19 (SpO2 ≥ 90%), and almost all received antiviral or antibiotic agents. Remdesivir was the most frequent drug composing various antiviral regimens. Patients receiving a combination of remdesivir and favipiravir had lower SpO2 compared to those receiving oseltamivir (p=0.01). The short LOS was associated with remdesivir alone (p=0.03), the combination of favipiravir and oseltamivir (p=0.01), and the combination of intravenous levofloxacin and ceftriaxone (p<0.0001). Immunomodulatory drugs (methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, tocilizumab) were used in 47.1% of patients with low SpO2 (p=0.001). Its use was associated with prolonged LOS (p=0.0043). The increased risk of death in patients treated with the combination of remdesivir and favipiravir (OR 4.1;95%CI 1.4-12.2), and immunomodulatory drugs (OR 6.2; 95%CI 1.7-23.3) was confounded by the baseline characteristics of older age, comorbid condition, SpO2 level, and low lymphocyte number. Conclusions: Some treatment regimens were associated with short LOS, but there were drug regimens which might increase the risk of death. Further study should control the clinical conditions of COVID-19 patients at admission to confirm the outcome of death following drug therapy.
Exploring and managing psychiatric symptoms in ICU healthcare professionals during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic: a focused review and guideline
Authors: Sarangi Ashish , Kim Dalynn 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the healthcare system and stretched resources thin. The impact on healthcare staff working in the intensive care unit setting has been especially devastating.

Objective: To conduct a review of the impact of the pandemic on healthcare personnel in the intensive care unit setting in the hope of utilizing information gathered to inform various stakeholders.

Design: Focused literature and abstract review

Conclusion: This article seeks to highlight the association between critical care as it relates to trauma and COVID-19 and point stakeholders toward opportunities for anticipating and managing secondary effects in effort to promote psychological adaptation.
Avoiding harm: central venous access in Kartagener syndrome and other vascular anomalies
Authors: Snodgrass Brad , Chu Victoria 
Published: October 2021

Placement of internal jugular catheters is more likely to be complicated if a left-sided approach is used, assuming normal anatomy. Kartagener syndrome is the sine qua non of sidedness confusion and results in cognitive challenges that increase the risk of adverse patient outcomes. The altered anatomy can cause profound disorientation from our usual processes. In normal circumstances the right-sided approach is used for placement of internal jugular catheters, but in Kartagener syndrome the left-sided approach should be preferred. Surgical volume and use of ultrasound guided techniques are positively correlated with better outcomes. Clinical experience may be a detriment to performance. Knowledge of these issues will help clinicians maintain vigilance and avoid error.

Keywords: Kartagener syndrome, central venous access, superior vena cava, landmark technique, internal jugular vein catheterization cognitive bias
Early childhood undernutrition, preadolescent physical growth, and cognitive achievement in India: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Soni Apurv , Fahey Nisha , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. , Li Wenjun , Frazier Jean A. , Moore Simas Tiffany , Nimbalkar Somashekhar M. , Allison Jeroan J. 
Published: October 2021

Background
There is a lack of nationally representative estimates for the consequences of early childhood undernutrition on preadolescent outcomes in India. Understanding this relationship is helpful to develop interventions that not only prevent child undernutrition but also mitigate its consequences.

Methods and findings
In this cohort study, we analyzed prospectively gathered data from 2 waves of the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) to investigate the association of undernutrition during early childhood (0 to 5 years) in 2004 to 2005 with physical and cognitive outcomes during preadolescent (8 to 11 years) years in 2011 to 2012. These surveys interviewed 41,554 households across all 33 states and union territories in India in 2004 to 2005 and reinterviewed 83% of the households in 2011 to 2012. Primary exposure was assessed using the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) based on 2004 to 2005 survey. Primary outcomes were short stature (height-for-age z-score [HAZ] <−2), thinness (body mass index [BMI] <18.5 kg/m2), reading, and arithmetic skills during preadolescence based on the 2011 to 2012 survey. Survey-weighted generalized linear models were used, and effect modification based on child sex and sociodemographic variables were evaluated using 3-way interaction terms. Of the 7,868 children included in this analysis, 4,334 (57.3%) were undernourished. Being undernourished was associated with increased odds of short stature (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45 to 2.06) and thinness (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.73) during the preadolescent period, while it was associated with decreased odds of achieving a higher reading (cumulative odds ratio [cumOR]: 0.76, 0.66 to 0.87) and arithmetic (cumOR: 0.72, 0.63 to 0.82) outcomes. The disparity in outcomes based on CIAF increased with age, especially for female children. Increased level of female education within the household reduced the disadvantages of undernutrition among female children. Study limitations include observational and missing data, which limit our ability to draw strong causal inferences.

Conclusions
In this study, we found that early child undernutrition was associated with several adverse preadolescent physical and cognitive outcomes, especially among female children. Improved female education mitigates this association. Female education promotion should assume a central role in Indian public health policy making.
Does catheter material affect functional performance of intravenous ports via the superior vena cava?
Authors: Wu Ching-Feng , Fu Jui-Ying , Hsieh Tsai-Yang , Wen Chi-Tsung , Yu Sheng-Yueh , Hsieh Ming-Ju , Chu Yen , Wu Ching-Yang 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
The catheter is the only intravascular portion of an implanted port and plays a crucial role in catheter related complications. Both polyurethane and silicone are biocompatible materials which are utilized for catheter manufacturing, but their correlation to complications remains controversial. The aim of this study was to try to analyze the relationship between catheter materials and complications.

Materials and methods
A total of 3144 patients who underwent intravenous port implantation between March 2012 and December 2018 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan were recruited. Of these, 1226 patients received silicone catheter port implantation and 1679 received polyurethane catheter ports. Case matching was done prior to analysis and catheter related complications and cumulative complication incidence for each group were compared.

Results
Intergroup differences were identified in entry vessel (p = 0.0441), operation year (p < 0.0001), operation method (p = 0.0095), functional period (p < 0.0001), patient follow up status (p < 0.0001), operating time for vessel cutdown (p < 0.0001) and wire assisted approach (p = 0.0008). Stratified by specific entry vessel, no statistical difference was found in complication rate or incidence between the silicone and polyurethane groups. We further compared the cumulative complication incidence of the silicone and polyurethane groups, and also found no statistical difference (p = 0.4451).

Conclusion
As long as external stress forces generated by surrounding structures and focused on potential weak points are avoided, both silicone and polyurethane materials provide sufficient structural stability to serve as reliable vascular access for patients.
The multifaceted care-seeking practices among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy: Perspectives from mothers and providers in Ghana
Authors: Fonzi Victoria , Sheriff Blessed , Dalglish Sarah , Anum Adote , Dwomo Agyei Emmanuella , Diggs Devin , Eboigbe Loretta , Owusu Prince Gyebi , Sakyi Kwame S. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Research on cerebral palsy (CP) has lacked emphasis on knowledge and treatment practices among caregivers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where socio-cultural contexts encourage a variety of treatment alternatives. In this study, we explored the beliefs and experiences that motivate care-seeking practices among caregivers of children with CP in Ghana.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 caregivers, 10 medical providers, and 5 alternative providers in the Greater Accra Region. Participant interviews were analyzed using principles adapted from grounded theory. A conceptual model was constructed to illustrate salient patterns and motivational factors influencing care-seeking practices.

Results
Participants’ experiences showed that caregivers initially sought physiotherapy and prescription medications from medical providers. Many of them then transitioned to alternative methods to search for a cure or address specific CP symptoms. Over time, most caregivers discontinued both medical and alternative care in favor of at-home treatment. A few withdrew completely from all forms of care. Cost of treatment, caregiver burden, and stigma strongly inhibited care-seeking outside the home.

Conclusion
Although caregivers were open to exploring a variety of treatment options, at-home treatment was preferred by long-time caregivers for its convenience, low cost, and adaptability to patient and caregiver needs.
Relationship between obesity-related anthropometric indicators and cognitive function in Chinese suburb-dwelling older adults
Authors: Ma Weibo , Zhang Hui , Wu Ning , Liu Yuewen , Han Peipei , Wang Feng , Wang Jingru , Xie Fandi , Niu Shumeng , Hu Hao , Zhang Chenyu , Chen Nuo , Zhang Yichen , Guo Qi , Yu Ying 
Published: October 2021

Background
Studies relating obesity to cognition in older people show conflicting results, which may be explained by the choice of obesity indicators.

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between obesity-related indicators and cognitive impairment, especially between different age or gender subgroups, and explore whether obesity-related indicators were related to specific cognitive domains.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study on 1753 participants aged ≥ 60 years (41.0% men; aged 71.36 ± 5.96 years). Obesity-related indicators included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), calf circumference (CC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to calf circumstance ratio (WCR), fat to fat-free mass ratio (FM/FFM). The Mini-Mental State Examination scale (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function. Cognitive impairment was defined as a score ≤ 17 for illiterates, ≤ 20 for participants with primary school education, and ≤ 24 for those with junior high school degrees or above. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze and visualize the linear relationships.

Results
The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 18.77%. In the fully adjusted model, CC was negatively associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90−0.98). Further analysis showed that CC correlated positively with recall and place orientation. A higher FM/FFM was found to be associated with a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 0.88–2.35, P for trend = 0.029); this association was notable in women (P for trend = 0.002) and the oldest (P for trend = 0.009), and so did the potential effect of BMI on cognitive impairment (70–80 years: P for trend = 0.011; ≥ 80 years: P for trend = 0.013). No statistically significant association was found between cognitive impairment and WC, WHR, or WCR.

Conclusion
CC and FM/FFM were associated with cognitive impairment in older people. Future research needs to distinguish the effects of fat and muscle mass on cognitive function, with special attention to different ages and genders.
The impact of the traditional male role norms on the posttraumatic stress disorder among Polish male firefighters
Authors: Jakubowski Tomasz Daniel , Sitko-Dominik Magdalena Maja 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore potential associations between compliance with the traditional male role norms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.MethodsThe study was conducted on 135 male Polish firefighters. The study used the Impact Event Scale-Revised, the Relations/Social Support Scale and the Male Role Norms Scale.ResultsThe study revealed that the firefighters that suffered from probable PTSD (over 34% of all the respondents) seemed to comply with the male role norms more strictly than those without PTSD. The reverse was found to be true for the perceived social support. Social status norms and toughness norms understood as expectations that men should achieve high status by means of successful career, etc., and be tough and resilient at all costs to be perceived as “manly” were found to be positively associated with the development of PTSD, while in the case of perceived social support, a negative association was confirmed. The results might yield important clinical implications—traditional male role norms pertaining to toughness and social status might be associated with the increase in chances of developing PTSD after the exposure to potentially traumatic events.ConclusionsFirefighting as a stereotypically masculine occupation may be associated with the reinforcement of stereotypically masculine behaviors, which in turn is associated with a decreased ability to cope with potentially traumatic stimuli and favoring maladaptive behaviors. The results might suggest that addressing the beliefs about masculinity during psychological intervention in the case of PTSD might be beneficial especially among such masculinized groups as firefighters. The main limitations of the study are: participation of those more eager to participate and reveal personal information; the recall and report bias; the relatively small sample size; sociodemographic data omissions; the study group almost exclusively consisting of firefighters from large urban centers.
REKONSTRUKSI PENCABUTAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN KONSINYASI DALAM PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN UMUM
Authors: Joesoef Iwan Erar 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji penggunaan konsep pencabutan hak atas tanah dan ganti rugi dengan penitipan di pengadilan (konsinyasi). Ruang lingkup penelitian adalah pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum dalam pembangunan insfrastruktur jalan tol di Indonesia. Dalam undang-undang pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum secara eksplisit tidak menyebut pencabutan hak atas tanah, namun penerapan konsep ganti rugi pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum yang dititipkan di pengadilan berakibat hilangnya hak atas tanah dan tanah jatuh kepada negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian bahwa, pencabutan hak atas tanah dan konsinyasi urgensinya lebih tepat diterapkan pada pembangunan infrastruktur publik oleh pemerintah. Hal ini sesuai dengan Pasal 33 (3) UUD NRI Tahun 1945. Sedangkan pembangunan infrastruktur publik oleh swasta dalam model kerjasama pemerintah swasta tidak adil untuk diterapkan karena bersifat komersial.
Scalable community detection via parallel correlation clustering
Authors: Shi Jessica , Dhulipala Laxman , Eisenstat David , Łăcki Jakub , Mirrokni Vahab 
Published: October 2021

Graph clustering and community detection are central problems in modern data mining. The increasing need for analyzing billion-scale data calls for faster and more scalable algorithms for these problems. There are certain trade-offs between the quality and speed of such clustering algorithms. In this paper, we design scalable algorithms that achieve high quality when evaluated based on ground truth.
We develop a generalized sequential and shared-memory parallel framework based on the LAMBDACC objective (introduced by Veldt et al.), which encompasses modularity and correlation clustering. Our framework consists of highly-optimized implementations that scale to large data sets of billions of edges and that obtain high-quality clusters compared to ground-truth data, on both unweighted and weighted graphs. Our empirical evaluation shows that this framework improves the state-of-the-art trade-offs between speed and quality of scalable community detection. For example, on a 30-core machine with two-way hyper-threading, our implementations achieve orders of magnitude speedups over other correlation clustering baselines, and up to 28.44× speedups over our own sequential baselines while maintaining or improving quality.
Solid-state NMR studies of non-ionic surfactants confined in mesoporous silica
Authors: Buntkowsky Gerd , Döller Sonja , Haro-Mares Nadia , Gutmann Torsten , Hoffmann Markus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of confined molecules such as higher alcohols, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as guest molecules in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials. All these molecules have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. They are characteristic role-models for the investigation of confined surfactants. Their properties are studied by a combination of solid-state NMR and relaxometry with other physicochemical techniques and molecular dynamics techniques. It is shown that this combination delivers unique insights into the structure, arrangement, dynamical properties and the guest-host interactions inside the confinement.
Seed mass maturity in the terrestrial bromeliad Hechtia perotensis (Bromeliaceae), endemic to Mexico
Authors: Elizalde Violeta , García José Rodolfo , Trejo Carlos , Peña-Valdivia Cecilia Beatriz , Ybarra Ma. Carmen , Leyva Otto Raúl 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: H. perotensis is a plant with a high potential for ecological restoration because it yields thousands of seeds and grows under low levels of rain, poor soils and contrasting temperatures. However, little is known of the seed mass maturity (high seed germination, low seed fresh weight and low seed moisture content) in this species. Objective: Assess seed germination in the laboratory of H. perotensis during seed development and along the floral stalk (infructescence) in two sites one in rocky location and another near a lake. The hypothesis was that there is a time after flowering in which seeds have highest germination and fresh weight and that the apical, centre and base of the infructescence are different in seed germination and fresh weight in both sites. Methods: Capsules were collected in two sites one in rocky land (Frijol Colorado, Perote, Veracruz) and another near one lake (Alchichica, Puebla), in the months of August, September and November 2016 and January 2017. A repeated measure design (RMD) was used to analyze the effects of infructescence section on seed weight, moisture content and seed germination (41, 87, 152 and 215 days after flowering). Each evaluation time comprised five replicates, each one with 15 seeds. Results: Difference in seed germination, seed weight and moisture content between sections of the infructescence was not significant. However, significant differences were found not only between first and last sample dates, buy mainly between first and second dates. Eighty-seven days after flower pollination seed moisture content was lower than 20 % and up to 80 % of seed germinated in both sites of sampling. Conclusions: In this study it was found that the moisture content of H. perotensis seed can be used as an indicator of the physiological maturity of the seed and it is also related to germination of the seed.