bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution epitope mapping and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in large cohorts of subjects with COVID-19
Authors: Haynes Winston A. , Kamath Kathy , Bozekowski Joel , Baum-Jones Elisabeth , Campbell Melissa , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Daugherty Patrick S. , Dela Cruz Charles S. , Dhal Abhilash , Farhadian Shelli F. , Fitzgibbons Lynn , Fournier John , Jhatro Michael , Jordan Gregory , Klein Jon , Lucas Carolina , Kessler Debra , Luchsinger Larry L. , Martinez Brian , Catherine Muenker M. , Pischel Lauren , Reifert Jack , Sawyer Jaymie R. , Waitz Rebecca , Wunder Elsio A. , Zhang Minlu ,   Yale IMPACT Team, Anastasio Kelly , Askenase Michael H. , Balkcom Natasha C. , Batsu Maria , Bermejo Santos , Brower Kristina , Bucklin Molly L. , Cahill Staci , Cao Yiyun , Chiorazzi Michael , Chun Caitlin J. , Datta Rupak , DeIuliis Giuseppe , Dorgay Coriann E. , Earnest Rebecca , Fournier John , Geng Bertie , Handoko Ryan , Khoury-Hanold William , Herbst Roy , Knaggs Lynda , Kuang Maxine , Lapidus Sarah , Lin Zitong , Lu Peiwen , Mao Tianyang , Martin Anjelica , Matos Irene , McDonald David , Minasyan Maksym , Moore Adam J. , Naushad Nida , Nelson Allison , Nouws Jessica , Nunez Angela , Park Hong-Jai , Peng Xiaohua , Robertson Alexander James , Rice Tyler , Rose Kadi-Ann , Schulz Wade , Sewanan Lorenzo , Sharma Lokesh , Shepard Denise , Silva Julio , Simonov Michael , Smolgovsky Mikhail , Sonnert Nicole , Srivathsan Ariktha , Strong Yvette , Todeasa Codruta , Valdez Jordan , Velazquez Sofia , Vijayakumar Pavithra , White Elizabeth B. , Zhao Alice , Iwasaki Akiko , Ko Albert , Shon John C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread, characterization of its antibody epitopes, emerging strains, related coronaviruses, and even the human proteome in naturally infected patients can guide the development of effective vaccines and therapies. Since traditional epitope identification tools are dependent upon pre-defined peptide sequences, they are not readily adaptable to diverse viral proteomes. The Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis (SERA) platform leverages a high diversity random bacterial display library to identify proteome-independent epitope binding specificities which are then analyzed in the context of organisms of interest. When evaluating immune response in the context of SARS-CoV-2, we identify dominant epitope regions and motifs which demonstrate potential to classify mild from severe disease and relate to neutralization activity. We highlight SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that are cross-reactive with other coronaviruses and demonstrate decreased epitope signal for mutant SARS-CoV-2 strains. Collectively, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 mutants towards reduced antibody response highlight the importance of data-driven development of the vaccines and therapies to treat COVID-19.
Precession cycles of the El Niño/Southern oscillation-like system controlled by Pacific upper-ocean stratification
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Yu Zhoufei , Gong Xun , Wang Yue , Chang Fengming , Lohmman Gerrit , Qi Yiquan , Li Tiegang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractModern observations have presented linkages between subsurface waters of the western Pacific warm pool and both El Niño/Southern Oscillation-related and extratropic-controlled upper-ocean stratification on interannual timescales. Moreover, studies have showed that such controls may operate on orbital cycles, although the details remain unclear. Here we present paired temperature and salinity reconstructions for the surface and thermocline waters in the central western Pacific warm pool over the past 360,000 years, as well as transit modeling results from an Earth system model. Our results show that variations in subsurface temperature and salinity in the western Pacific warm pool have consistently correlated with the shallow meridional overturning cell over the past four glacial-interglacial cycles, and they vary on eccentricity and precession cycles. The shallow meridional overturning cell regulates subsurface waters of the western Pacific warm pool by changing subtropical surface water density and thus equatorial upper-ocean stratification, acting as an El Niño/Southern Oscillation-like process in the precession band. Therefore, the western Pacific warm pool is critical in connecting the austral shallow meridional overturning cell to the Earth’s climate system on orbital timescales.
Immunhämatologische Daratumumab-Interferenz im Verlauf einer Myelomtherapie
Authors: Grüger Daniela , Immenschuh Stephan , Hervatin Rafaela , Schneeweiß Clemens 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungAnti-CD38-Antikörper werden vermehrt in der Klinik zur Behandlung von multiplen Myelomen und weiteren Indikationen eingesetzt. CD38 ist ein Oberflächenmolekül, das auf einer Reihe von Zellen und Geweben exprimiert wird, auch auf Erythrozyten. Nach Verabreichung von Anti-CD38-Antikörpern wie Daratumumab kommt es regelmäßig zur Interferenz im indirekten Antihumanglobulintest (IAT), was die Bestimmung irregulärer Antikörper behindert sowie auch die Zuverlässigkeit von Serumverträglichkeitsproben stark einschränkt. Mehrere Verfahren zum Umgang dieser Interferenz werden derzeit von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie (DGTI) empfohlen. Wir stellen hier einen Vergleich zwischen der DTT-Methode und der Maskierung von CD38 durch ein neues Reagens an einem Patienten mit asekretorischem multiplen Myelom vor.
Hydrohalogenation of Unactivated Alkenes Using a Methanesulfonic Acid/Halide Salt Combination
Authors: Paquin Jean-François , Bertrand Xavier , Paquin Pascal , Chabaud Laurent 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe hydrochlorination, hydrobromination, and hydroiodination of unactivated alkenes using methanesulfonic acid and inorganic halide salts (CaCl2, LiBr, LiI) in acetic acid are reported. This approach uses readily available and inexpensive reagents to provide the alkyl halides in up to 99% yield. An example of deuteriochlorination using deuterated acetic acid as the solvent is also demonstrated.
Is It Reasonable to Perform Isolated SAVR by Residents in the TAVI Era?
Authors: Gerfer Stephen , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Kuhn Elmar , Wahlers Thorsten , Brinkschröder Sarah , Djordjevic Ilija , Rustenbach Christian , Rahmanian Parwis , Mader Navid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background The role of conventional surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is increasingly questioned since the indication for transcatheter aortic valve implantations (TAVIs) is currently extended. While the number of patients referred to SAVR decreases, it is unclear if SAVR should be performed by junior resident surgeons in the course of a heart surgeons training.
Methods Patients with isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) were analyzed with respect to the surgeon's qualification. AVR performed by resident surgeons was compared with AVR by senior surgeons. The collective was analyzed with respect to clinical short-term outcomes comparing full sternotomy (FS) with minimally invasive surgery and ministernotomy (MS) with right anterior thoracotomy (RAT) after a 1:1 propensity score matching.
Results The 30-day all-cause mortality was 2.3 and 3.4% for resident versus senior AVR groups, cerebrovascular event rates were 1.1 versus 2.6%, and no cases of significant paravalvular leak were detected. Clinical short-term outcomes between FS and minimally invasive access, as well after MS and RAT were comparable.
Conclusion Our current data show feasibility and safety of conventional SAVR procedure performed by resident surgeons in the era of TAVI. Minimally invasive surgery should be trained and performed in higher volumes early in the educational process as it is a safe treatment option.
Detection of Fetal Anomalies by Remotely Directed and Interpreted Ultrasound (Teleultrasound): A Randomized Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Whittington Julie R. , Hughes Dawn S. , Rabie Nader Z. , Ounpraseuth Songthip T. , Nembhard Wendy N. , Chauhan Suneet P. , Magann Everett F. 
Published: November 2021

Objective To determine the accuracy and reliability of remotely directed and interpreted ultrasound (teleultrasound) as compared with standard in-person ultrasound for the detection of fetal anomalies, and to determine participants' satisfaction with teleultrasound.
Study Design This was a single-center, randomized (1:1) noninferiority study. Individuals referred to the maternal–fetal medicine (MFM) ultrasound clinic were randomized to standard in-person ultrasound and counseling or teleultrasound and telemedicine counseling. The primary outcome was major fetal anomaly detection rate (sensitivity). All ultrasounds were performed by registered diagnostic medical sonographers and interpretations were done by a group of five MFM physicians. After teleultrasound was completed, the teleultrasound patients filled out a satisfaction survey using a Likert scale. Newborn data were obtained from the newborn record and statewide birth defect databases.
Results Of 300 individuals randomized in each group, 294 were analyzed in the remotely interpreted teleultrasound group and 291 were analyzed in the in-person ultrasound group. The sensitivity of sonographic detection of 28 anomalies was 82.14% in the control group and of 20 anomalies in the telemedicine group, it was 85.0%. The observed difference in sensitivity was 0.0286, much smaller than the proposed noninferiority limit of 0.05. Specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy were more than 94% for both groups. Patient satisfaction was more than 95% on all measures, and there were no significant differences in patient satisfaction based on maternal characteristics.
Conclusion Teleultrasound is not inferior to standard in-person ultrasound for the detection of fetal anomalies. Teleultrasound was uniformly well received by patients, regardless of demographics. These key findings support the continued expansion of telemedicine services.
Key Points
Innovative wood use can enable carbon-beneficial forest management in California
Authors: Cabiyo Bodie , Fried Jeremy S. , Collins Brandon M. , Stewart William , Wong Jun , Sanchez Daniel L. 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Natural carbon sinks can help mitigate climate change, but climate risks—like increased wildfire—threaten forests’ capacity to store carbon. California has recently set ambitious forest management goals to reduce these risks. However, management can incur carbon losses because wood residues are often burnt or left to decay. This study applies a systems approach to assess climate change mitigation potential and wildfire outcomes across forest management scenarios and several wood products. We find that innovative use of wood residues supports extensive wildfire hazard reduction and maximizes carbon benefits. Long-lived products that displace carbon-intensive alternatives have the greatest benefits, including wood building products. Our results suggest a low-cost pathway to reduce carbon emissions and support climate adaptation in temperate forests.
Ccp1-Ndc80 switch at the N terminus of CENP-T regulates kinetochore assembly
Authors: Dong Qianhua , Liu Xue-lei , Wang Xiao-hui , Zhao Yu , Chen Yu-hang , Li Fei 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Precise chromosome segregation relies on kinetochores. How kinetochores are precisely assembled on centromeres through the cell cycle remains poorly understood. Centromeres in most eukaryotes are epigenetically marked by nucleosomes containing the histone H3 variant, CENP-A. Here, we demonstrated that Ccp1, an anti–CENP-A loading factor, interacts with the N terminus of CENP-T to promote the assembly of the outer kinetochore Ndc80 complex. This work further suggests that competitive exclusion between Ccp1 and Ndc80 at the N terminus of CENP-T via phosphorylation ensures precise kinetochore assembly during mitosis. In addition, CENP-T is critical for Ccp1 centromeric localization, which in turn regulates CENP-A distribution. Our results reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying kinetochore assembly through the cell cycle.
Harmful algal blooms and cyanotoxins in Lake Amatitlán, Guatemala, coincided with ancient Maya occupation in the watershed
Authors: Waters Matthew Neal , Brenner Mark , Curtis Jason Hilleary , Romero-Oliva Claudia Suseth , Dix Margaret , Cano Manuel 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are dense populations of algae and/or cyanobacteria that can harm aquatic ecosystems by reducing water column oxygen and producing toxins. Whereas HABs are well documented in modern lakes, there has been little research on HABs associated with ancient societies. We inferred the magnitude of past HABs using a sediment core from Lake Amatitlán, Guatemala, which hosted large, prehistoric Maya populations in its watershed and currently experiences toxic HABs. About 1,000 y ago, ancient Maya in the area experienced periods of intense HABs and cyanotoxin concentrations in the lake, which rivaled the degraded conditions in the water body today. Human-associated HABs have affected both modern and ancient societies and deserve attention when exploring past human–environment interactions.
Molecular mechanisms of sperm motility are conserved in an early-branching metazoan
Authors: Speer Kelsey F. , Allen-Waller Luella , Novikov Dana R. , Barott Katie L. 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Reef-building corals are the keystone species of the world’s most biodiverse yet threatened marine ecosystems. Coral reproduction, critical for reef resilience, requires that coral sperm swim through the water column to reach the egg. However, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate coral sperm motility. We found here that coral sperm motility is pH dependent and that activation of motility requires signaling via the pH-sensing enzyme soluble adenylyl cyclase. This study reveals the deep conservation of a sperm activation pathway from humans to corals, presenting the first comprehensive examination of the molecular mechanisms regulating sperm motility in an early-diverging animal. These results are critical for understanding the resilience of this sensitive life stage to a changing marine environment.
Tracker-assisted modelling: simultaneous validation of the conservation law of energy and the work-energy theorem
Authors: Pili Unofre B , Violanda Renante R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The video of a free-falling object was analysed in Tracker in order to extract the position and time data. On the basis of these data, the velocity, gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and the work done by gravity were obtained. These led to a rather simultaneous validation of the conservation law of energy and the work–energy theorem. The superimposed plots of the kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and the total energy as respective functions of time and position demonstrate energy conservation quite well. The same results were observed from the plots of the potential energy against the kinetic energy. On the other hand, the work–energy theorem has emerged from the plot of the total work-done against the change in kinetic energy. Because of the accessibility of the setup, the current work is seen as suitable for a home-based activity, during these times of the pandemic in particular in which online learning has remained to be the format in some countries. With the guidance of a teacher, online or face-to-face, students in their junior or senior high school—as well as for those who are enrolled in basic physics in college—will be able to benefit from this work.
Dynamics of macro- and micro-bubbles induced by nanosecond discharge in liquid water
Authors: Hoffer Petr , Bílek Petr , Prukner Václav , Bonaventura Zdeněk , Šimek Milan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Gaseous micro-bubbles dispersed in liquid water represent perturbations of the homogeneity of the liquid and influence the onset of electrical discharge in the bulk liquid. In this study, we systematically examined shadowgraph images to analyse the gaseous structures occurring in response to nanosecond micro-discharges produced in deionised water. The images revealed the dynamics of resolved bubbles and unresolved sub-micrometric structures starting from nanoseconds after the onset of discharge. We provide absolute counts and the radii distributions of micro-bubbles that occur near the anode needle and show how this depends on the amplitude and repetition frequency of the applied high-voltage pulses, when the latter varies between 0.1 and 100 Hz. A systematic statistical analysis showed that the probability of producing bubble-assisted nanosecond discharge in the liquid phase rapidly increases with the discharge repetition rate (>0.5 Hz). Although the cavitation bubble formed around the anode disintegrates and disappears from the anode region within the first millisecond, the sub-micrometric structures remain for tens of milliseconds, and fragmented micro-bubbles survive even for hundreds of milliseconds. Our findings impose strict limitations on the experimental setups used to investigate the mechanisms of direct discharge in liquid water.
The feasibility and acceptability of assessing and managing sarcopenia and frailty among older people with upper limb fracture
Authors: Ibrahim Kinda , Mullee Mark A , Cox Natalie , Russell Cynthia , Baxter Mark , Tilley Simon , Yao Guiqing Lily , Zhu Shihua , Roberts Helen C 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundsarcopenia and frailty are associated with increased risk of falls and fractures. This study evaluated the feasibility of assessing sarcopenia and frailty among older people attending fracture clinics.Methodspatients aged 65+ years with an arm fracture attending fracture clinics in one UK city were recruited. Sarcopenia was assessed using gait speed, grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index SMI, SARC-F questionnaire and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) I and II criteria. Frailty was assessed using Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP), FRAIL scale, PRISMA-7, electronic Frailty Index (e-FI), Clinical Frailty Score (CFS) and Study of Osteoporotic Fracture. The sensitivity and specificity of each tool was calculated against the EWGSOP II criteria (sarcopenia) and FFP (frailty). Patients identified to have either condition were referred for Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). Interviews with 13 patients and nine staff explored the acceptability of this process.Resultshundred patients (Mean age 75 years) were recruited. Most sarcopenia and frailty assessments were quick with complete data collection and were acceptable to patients and staff. Sarcopenia was identified among 4–39% participants depending on the tool and frailty among 9–25%. Both conditions were more common among men than women with all tools. The SARC-F and PRISMA-7 had the best sensitivity (100 and 93%, respectively) and specificity (96 and 87%). CGA among 80% of referred participants led to three interventions per participant (e.g. medication changes and investigations).ConclusionSARC-F and PRISMA-7 are recommended for use in fracture clinics to screen for sarcopenia and frailty.
Multitask brain network reconfiguration is inversely associated with human intelligence
Authors: Thiele Jonas A , Faskowitz Joshua , Sporns Olaf , Hilger Kirsten 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Intelligence describes the general cognitive ability level of a person. It is one of the most fundamental concepts in psychological science and is crucial for the effective adaption of behavior to varying environmental demands. Changing external task demands have been shown to induce reconfiguration of functional brain networks. However, whether neural reconfiguration between different tasks is associated with intelligence has not yet been investigated. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 812 subjects to show that higher scores of general intelligence are related to less brain network reconfiguration between resting state and seven different task states as well as to network reconfiguration between tasks. This association holds for all functional brain networks except the motor system and replicates in two independent samples (n = 138 and n = 184). Our findings suggest that the intrinsic network architecture of individuals with higher intelligence scores is closer to the network architecture as required by various cognitive demands. Multitask brain network reconfiguration may, therefore, represent a neural reflection of the behavioral positive manifold – the essence of the concept of general intelligence. Finally, our results support neural efficiency theories of cognitive ability and reveal insights into human intelligence as an emergent property from a distributed multitask brain network.
Cost-effectiveness of Check It: A Novel Community-Based Chlamydia Screening and Expedited Treatment Program for Young Black Men
Authors: Stoecker Charles , Monnette Alisha , Qu Zhuolin , Schmidt Norine , Craig-Kuhn Megan Clare , Kissinger Patricia J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
We assessed the cost-effectiveness of the Check It program, a novel community-based chlamydia screening and expedited partner treatment program for young Black men conducted in New Orleans since 2017.

Methods
We implemented a probabilistic cost-effectiveness model using a synthetic cohort of 16 181 men and 13 419 women intended to simulate the size of the Black, sexually active population in New Orleans ages 15–24 years.

Results
The Check It program cost $196 838 (95% confidence interval [CI]: $117 320–$287 555) to implement, saved 10.2 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs; 95% CI: 7.7–12.7 QALYs), and saved $140 950 (95% CI: −$197 018 to −$105 620) in medical costs per year. The program cost $5468 (95% CI: cost saving, $16 717) per QALY gained. All iterations of the probabilistic model returned cost-effectiveness ratios less than $50 000 per QALY gained.

Conclusions
The Check It program (a bundled seek, test, and treat chlamydia prevention program for young Black men) is cost-effective under base case assumptions. Communities where Chlamydia trachomatis rates have not declined could consider implementing a similar program.