bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized Carrier Extraction at Interfaces for 23.6% Efficient Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Shuaifeng , Otsuka Kento , Murdey Richard , Nakamura Tomoya , Truong Minh Anh , Yamada Takumi , Handa Taketo , Matsuda Kazuhiro , Nakano Kyohei , Sato Atsushi , Marumoto Kazuhiro , Tajima Keisuke , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Carrier extraction is a key issue which limits the efficiency of perovskite solar cells. In this work, carrier extraction is improved by modifying the perovskite layers with a combination of ethylenediammonium diiodide post-treatment and glycine hydrochloride additive. Ethylenediammonium dications primarily affect the top surface of the perovskite films, while glycinium cations preferentially accumulate at the bottom region. The top and bottom interface modifications improve the crystallinity of the perovskite films and lower the density of electrical traps via surface passivation effects, resulting in long charge carrier lifetimes. The orientated aggregation of the ethylenediammonium and glycinium cations at the charge collection interfaces result in the formation of surface dipoles, which facilitate charge extraction. The performance of the treated solar cell devices also increases. The fill factor rose to 0.82, and the power conversion efficiency reaches 23.6% (23.1% certified). The open circuit voltage reaches 0.91 V, just 0.06 V below the Shockley–Queisser limit. The unencapsulated devices also show improved stability under AM 1.5G, retaining over 80% of the initial efficiency after 200 h continuous operation in inert atmosphere. Our strategy is also successfully applied to centimeter-scale devices, with efficiencies up to 21.0%.
Chiral Generation of Hot Carriers for Polarization-Sensitive Plasmonic Photocatalysis with Hybrid Nanostructures
Authors: Negrin-Montecelo Yoel , Movsesyan Artur , Gao Jie , Burger Sven , Wang Zhiming , Nlate Sylvain , Pouget Emilie , Oda Reiko , Comesana-Hermo Miguel , Govorov Alexander , Correa-Duarte Miguel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mastering the manipulation of chirality at the nanoscale has long been a priority for chemists, physicists and materials scientists, given its importance in the biochemical processes of the natural world and in the development of novel technologies. In this vein, the formation of novel metamaterials and sensing platforms resulting from the synergic combination of chirality and plasmonics has opened new avenues in nano-optics. Recently, the implementation of chiral plasmonic nanostructures in photocatalysis has been proposed theoretically as a means to drive polarization-dependent photochemistry. Nevertheless, the lack of synthetic procedures leading to the formation of robust plasmonic photocatalysts with chiroptical features has hindered the advancement of this field. In the present work, we demonstrate that the use of inorganic nanometric chiral templates for the controlled assembly of Au and TiO2 nanoparticles leads to the formation of plasmon-based photocatalysts with polarization-dependent reactivity. The formation of plasmonic assemblies with chiroptical activities induces the asymmetric formation of hot electrons and holes generated via electromagnetic excitation, opening the door to novel photocatalytic and optoelectronic features. More precisely, we demonstrate that the reaction yield can be improved when the helicity of the circularly polarized light used to activate the plasmonic component matches the handedness of the chiral substrate. Our approach may enable new applications in the fields of chirality and photocatalysis, particularly toward plasmon-induced chiral photochemistry.
Prognostic impact of co-expression of LLCL2 and SLC7A5 in ERα-positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Hisada Tomoka , Kondo Naoto , Wanifuchi-Endo Yumi , Osaga Satoshi , Fujita Takashi , Asano Tomoko , Uemoto Yasuaki , Nishikawa Sayaka , Katagiri Yusuke , Terada Mitsuo , Kato Akiko , Sugiura Hiroshi , Okuda Katsuhiro , Kato Hiroyuki , Komura Masayuki , Morita Satoshi , Takahashi Satoru , Toyama Tatsuya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Lethal giant larvae homolog 2 (LLGL2) functions as a promoter of tumor growth and localizes at cell junctions and membranes with solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer. LLGL2 and SLC7A5 have been reported to be involved in resistance to endocrine therapy. This study aimed to assess the effects of LLGL2/SLC7A5 co-expression in predicting prognosis and response to endocrine therapy in ERα-positive breast cancer patients.
Methods

The associations of clinicopathological factors with LLGL2 and SLC7A5 expression or LLGL2/SLC7A5 co-expression at the mRNA and protein level were assessed in invasive breast cancer patients with long-term follow-up. The median follow-up period was approximately10 years. Survival curves were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and verified by the log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used for univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic values using stepwise linear regression.
Results

We identified a positive association between low mRNA expression of LLGL2 or SLC7A5 alone and longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in ERα-positive breast cancer patients, but not in ERα-negative patients. We also identified that low LLGL2/SLC7A5 mRNA co-expression (LLGL2low/SLC7A5low) was associated with longer survival compared with other combination groups in all breast cancer patients. In ERα-positive breast cancer patients, LLGL2low/SLC7A5low showed longer survival compared with LLGL2high/SLC7A5high and a positive trend of longer survival compared with other combination groups. We also observed that LLGL2low/SLC7A5low showed longer survival compared with LLGL2high/SLC7A5high in ERα-positive breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that LLGL2low/SLC7A5low was an independent favorable prognostic factor of both DFS and OS in ERα-positive breast cancer patients. High co-expression of LLGL2 and SLC7A5 protein showed a positive trend of shorter survival.
Conclusions

Our study showed that co-expression of LLGL2 and SLC7A5 mRNA is a promising candidate biomarker and suggested that the LLGL2–SLC7A5 axis may be a therapeutic target in early breast cancer patients, especially in those receiving adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.
Investigating Wear and Predicting Lifetime of the Roller Cavities for the Net-shape Blade Rolling
Authors: Jin Qichao , Wang Wenhu , Jiang Ruisong , Guo lei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The die undergoing severe loads which induces inevitably wear in the pressure forming process, and the wear of die arouses obsessions about the die’s service lifetime. In order to obtain the geometrical shape transformation caused by wear and predict the service lifetime for a pair of rollers in net-shape blade rolling process, this paper quantified the distributions and evolutions of the local wear over roller cavities based on the local contact load responses, and predicted the lifetime which related to wear by a mathematical models. Firstly, the net-shape blade rolling process and the local contact load responses were summarized. Then, an improved wear model was provided based on the Archard formula, and the impact factors of the model was standardized by a regression analysis experiment. The transient wear distributions and evolutions over the roller cavities were enumerated, and the wear distribution for one rolling cycle was calculated based on wear accumulation effect. Finally, a lifetime prediction model was proposed to predict the service lifetime of the rollers according to the wear accumulation effect, and an experimental verification was carried out to validate the model. The results showed that the wear model and lifetime prediction model can be used for investigating the wear and lifetime prediction of the roller cavities for the net-shape blade rolling process.
H13 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses Are Crossing Host Species Barrier From Wild Waterfowl to Land Fowl
Authors: SUN Weiyang , ZHAO Menglin , YU Zhijun , LI Yuanguo , ZHANG Xinghai , FENG Na , WANG Tiecheng , WANG Hongmei , HE Hongbin , ZHAO Yongkun , YANG Songtao , XIA Xianzhu , Gao Yuwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The avian influenza virus H13 subtype circulates primarily in waterfowl. To explore the ability of the H13 virus to cross the host barriers, we genetically analysed two H13 isolates from wild birds in China and evaluated the infectivity of these subtypes in chickens. Genetic and molecular analyses showed differences in the lineages and amino acid sequences between the two subtypes; A/mallard/Dalian/DZ-137/2013 (H13N6) belonged to Group I, while A/Eurasian Curlew/Liaoning/ZH-385/2014 (H13N8) belonged to Group III. The nucleotide sequence results showed high homology (approximately 96.9%-100%) to sequences in GenBank. Neither H13 isolate replicated in adult chickens or 20-day-old chicks; however, the H13N8 strain replicated in 1- and 10-day-old chicks. Viruses were recovered from the nasal turbinate, tracheal, lung and colon tissues of chicks at 1, 3 and 5 days post-inoculation. The H13N6 isolates replicated inefficiently in 1-day-old chicks and did not replicate in 10-day-old chicks. Serological surveillance results showed that domestic chickens had a 4.6%-10.4% (15/328-34/328) positive antibody titre to the H13 virus. H13N6 and H13N8 isolates replicated in mammalian cell lines, including 293T, Madin-Darby canine kidney and chicken embryo fibroblast cells. Our results suggest that the AIV H13 subtype may cross the host barrier from wild waterfowl to land fowl.
Folk Medicinal Use of Some Animals and Their Products in Wolaita, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Wendimu Abenezer , Tekalign Wondimagegnehu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Ethiopia is endowed with a diverse set of floral and faunal resources that are useful to human beings in one or another ways. A faunal resource has played a significant role in human life from the earliest days of recorded history for medicinal purposes to treat different ailments and is still common in many parts of the world.
Methods

A field survey was carried out in Diguna Fango district from March 2021 to June 2021 by personal interviews through semi-structured questionnaires and open group discussions.
Results

Altogether 200 (125 male and 75 female) informants provided information regarding the therapeutic uses of different animal parts/products. A total of 39 animal parts/products used for the treatment of 159 different ailments were identified. Mammals occupied the highest use report 26(66.67%), followed by arthropods 5(12.81%) and avian species 4(10.26%). Further, some most popular zootherapeutic animals i.e. Phacochoerus africanus, Hystrix cristata, Bos taurus, Equus africanus asinus, Homo sapiens, etc. were used to treat more than three different ailments. Anemia, asthma, bone fractures, cold, evil eye, fever, pleurisy, rheumatism, skin disease, and stomach pain were some of the frequently occurring ailments. The most frequently used route was dermal (72%), followed by oral and nasal routes each with 14%. Drinking 32(33%), eating 25(26%), and tying 11(11.30%) were the major modes of application. Fidelity level showed the leg of Bos taurus and fur of Lepus fagani with the highest (FL = 100%) to treat slipped disc and wound, respectively. The highest value of the RFC index was scored by Bos taurus (RFC = 1).
Conclusion

The results show that there’s a wealth of ethnozoological knowledge to be documented which could be of use in developing new drugs. Hence, it’s hoped that the knowledge contained during the paper is going be useful in future ethnozoological, ethnopharmacological, and conservation-related research of the region.
Comparative genomics and polyploid dynamics in tetraploid cotton (Gossypium)
Authors: Peng Renhai , Xu Yanchao , Liu Zhen , Chen Liyang , Zhou Zhongli , Cai Xiaoyan , Wang Kunbo , Wei Yangyang , Liu Yuling , Wang Heng , Hu Guan-jing , Grover Corrinne , Hou Yuqing , Wang Yuhong , Li Pengtao , Wang Tao , Lu Qaunwei , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Qinlian , Tian Shilin , Wendel Jonathan , Liu Fang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Allotetraploid species of cotton (Gossypium) represent a model system for the study of plant polyploidy, molecular evolution and domestication. In this study three high-quality draft assemblies of tetraploid cottons are presented, comprising one early form of domesticated Gossypium hirsutum (AD1-genome, Gh), i.e., Gossypium hirsutum race punctatum (GhP), and two recently described wild species of tetraploid cotton, G. ekmanianum (AD6, Ge) and G. stephensii (AD7, Gs). Using comparative phylogenomics, we confirm a monophyletic origin of tetraploid Gossypium and provide a dated whole-genome level perspective for the evolution of the clade. Recombination and patterns of selection are asymmetric between the two co-resident genomes in the allopolyploid nucleus. Considerable gene structural variation occurs widely within homoeologous genomes and between heterologous genomes during evolution and domestication. Despite few large-scale chromosomal structure variations among tetraploid cotton, frequent homoeologous exchanges between subgenomes in all species have contributed to diversity and asymmetrically between subgenomes. Abiotic and biotic adaptive evolution was driven by various evolutionary forces, leading to transcriptome change and gene family expansion. Our study marks a milestone in modern polyploid crop research, completing genome sequencing for all species of polyploid Gossypium, and will facilitate a better understanding of the genomic landscape and crop improvement dynamics of polyploids.
Factors Affecting Squatting Ability in Total Knee Arthroplasty Using High Flexion Prosthesis
Authors: Li Tiejian , Sun Jingyang , Du Yinqiao , Gao Zhisen , Ma Haiyang , Zhou Yonggang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is widely used as a treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Few studies have analyzed the factors affecting squatting ability of patients after TKA. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively analyze the factors affecting squatting ability after TKA and to determine which important factors should be paid attention to.Methods: Three hundred primary TKA cases with a minimum 3-year follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received a conventional posterior-stabilized TKA implant and underwent a standard perioperative care pathway. The patients were divided into two groups according to the knee flexion angle (Group I -squatting group, Group II - inability squatting group). Demographic, operative, and clinical data were collected. Radiographic assessment included joint line joint line elevation, patella position, posterior condylar offset (PCO) , etc. Statistical analysis of effect of all the above factors on squatting ability was done. Results: The univariate analysis showed age, prosthesis size, preoperative ROM and joint line position were correlated with squatting ability (p-values ≤0.10). In the final multivariate analysis, joint line position and preoperative ROM were independent influencing factors that affecting squatting ability after TKA (p-values < 0.01). Conclusion: Preoperative ROM and joint line position were independent influencing factors affecting squatting ability after TKA. Patients should be counseled accordingly and made to understand these factors. In order to ensure patients can squat postoperatively, we should improve surgical techniques to control joint line elevation.
Fabrication of a stable light-activated and p/n type AgVO3/V2O5-TiO2 heterojunction for pollutants removal and photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Yu Hai , Miao Zhang , Wang Yanfen , Lv Jianguo , Yang Lei , Liu Yanmei , Gao Qian , He Gang , Sun Zhaoqi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, TiO2 nanorod arrays (TiO2) was fabricated and modified with the AgVO3 quantum dots (QDs) decorate on interfacing few-layer V2O5 to form a heterojunction material for removal pollutants and photoelectrochemical (PCE) water splitting. The AgVO3/V2O5-TiO2 nanorod arrays (AgVO3/V2O5-TiO2) synthesized by the secondary hydrothermal method were loaded with conductive glass, which facilitated the formation of one-dimensional (1D) nanorod and p-n junction structures. Through instrumentations, to investigate the structural, morphological, optical, photocatalytic and PCE characteristics of the materials. The TiO2 modified by AgVO3 and V2O5 can significantly improve the visible light optical absorption, the reduce the electron-hole pair binding rate and shorten the band gap (3.07-1.41eV) of TiO2. The resulting photocurrent density (116uA/cm2 ) and photodegradation efficiency (rate constant, k = 0.025min− 1) of AgVO3/V2O5-TiO2 are approximately 20 (6uA/cm2) and 5 times (0.005min− 1) higher than those of bare TiO2, respectively. The AgVO3/V2O5-TiO2 achieved a current density of 10mA at an overpotential of 246.2mV and exhibited excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. The systematic PEC experiments concluded that the optimized of the TiO2 interface by AgVO3 and V2O5 could promote the separation and transport of charge carriers.
Strategy of extra Zr doping on the enhancement of thermoelectric performance for TiZrxNiSn synthesized by a modified solid-state reaction
Authors: Chen Jun-Liang , Yang Hengquan , Liu Chengyan , Liang Jisheng , Miao Lei , Zhang Zhongwei , Liu Pengfei , Yoshida Kenta , Chen Chen , Zhang Qian , Zhou Qi , Liao Yuntiao , Wang Ping , Li Zhixia , Peng Biaolin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Half-Heusler alloys, which possess the advantages of high thermal stability, large power factor and good mechanical property, have been attracted increasing interest in mid-temperature thermoelectric application. In this work, the extra Zr-doped TiZrxNiSn samples were successfully prepared by a modified solid-state reaction followed by spark plasma sintering. It demonstrates that extra Zr doping could not only improve the power factor on account of an increase in Seebeck coefficient but also suppress the lattice thermal conductivity originated from the strengthened phonon scattering by the superlattice nanodomains and the secondary nanoparticles. As a consequence, an increased power factor of 3.29 mW m− 1 K− 2 and a decreased lattice thermal conductivity of 1.74 W m− 1 K− 1 are achieved in TiZr0.015NiSn, leading to a peak ZT as high as 0.88 at 773 K and an average ZT value up to 0.62 in the temperature range of 373 − 773 K. This work gives a guidance for optimizing the thermoelectric performance of TiNiSn-based alloys by modulating the microstructures on the secondary nanophases and superlattice nanodomains.
Effect of Goal-directed Haemodynamic Therapy Guided by Non-invasive Monitoring on Perioperative Complications in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients Within an Enhanced Recovery Pathway.
Authors: Lorente Juan Victor , Reguant Francesca , Arnau Anna , Borderas Marcelo , Prieto Juan Carlos , Torrallardona Jordi , Carrasco Laura , Solano Patricia , Pérez Isabel , Farré Carla , Jiménez Ignacio , Ripollés-Melchor Javier , Monge Manuel Ignacio , Bosch Joan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Goal-Directed Hemodynamic Therapy (GDHT) has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in high-risk surgical patients. However, there is little evidence of its efficacy in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GDHT guided by non-invasive haemodynamic monitoring on perioperative complications in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods: Patients > 64 years undergoing hip fracture surgery within an Enhanced Recovery Pathway were enrolled in this single-center, non-randomized, intervention study with a historical control group and 12-months follow-up. Exclusion criteria were patients with pathological fractures, traffic-related fractures and refractures. Control group patients received the standard care given at our hospital. Intervention group patients received an individualized management strategy aimed at achieving an optimal stroke volume by fluid administration, in addition to a systolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg and an optimal cardiac index according to the patient's age and baseline metabolic equivalents. No changes were made between groups in the enhanced recovery protocols, nor in the composition of the multidisciplinary team during the study period. Primary combined outcome was perioperative complications. Intraoperatively: haemodynamic instability, sustained cardiac arrhythmias. Postoperative complications: cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious and renal complications. Secondary outcomes were administered fluids, vasopressor requirements, perioperative transfusion, length of hospital stay, readmission and one-year survival.Results: 551 patients (Control group=272; Intervention group=279). Intraoperative haemodynamic instability was lower in the intervention group (37.5% vs 28.0%; p=0.017). GDHT patients had fewer postoperative cardiovascular (18.8% vs 7.2%; p < 0.001), respiratory (15.1% vs 3.6%; p<0.001) and infectious complications (21% vs 3.9%; p<0.001) but not renal (12.1% vs 33.7%; p<0.001). Intervention group patients had less vasopressors requirements (p<0.001) and received less fluids (p=0.001) than control group. Fewer patients required transfusion in GDHT group (p<0.001). For intervention group patients, median length of hospital stay was shorter (p < 0.001) and one-year survival higher (p<0.003).Conclusions: The use of GDHT decreases intraoperative complications and postoperative cardiovascular, respiratory and infectious but not postoperative renal complications. This strategy was associated with a shorter hospital stay and increased one-year survival.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02479321
Melatonin attenuates radiation-induced cortical bone-derived stem cells injury and enhances bone repair in postradiation femoral defect model
Authors: Hu Wei , Liang Jiawu , Liao Song , Zhao Zhidong , Wang Yuxing , Mao Xiaofei , Hao Siwei , Wang Yifan , Guo Bin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Ionizing radiation poses a challenge to the healing of bone defects. Radiation therapy and accidental exposure to gamma-ray (γ-ray) radiation inhibit bone formation and increase the risk of fractures. Cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) are essential for osteogenic lineages, bone maintenance, and repair. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on postradiation CBSCs and bone defects.
Methods
CBSCs were extracted from C57/BL6 mice and were identified by flow cytometry. The effects of exogenous melatonin on the self-renewal and osteogenic capacity of postradiation CBSCs were detected in vitro. The underlying mechanisms in terms of genomic stability, apoptosis and oxidative stress-related signaling were further analyzed by western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Finally, the effects of melatonin on healing in postradiation bone defects were evaluated in vivo by micro-CT and immunohistochemical analysis.
Results
The radiation-induced reduced self-renewal and osteogenic capacity were partially reversed in postradiation CBSCs treated with melatonin. Melatonin maintained the genomic stability and apoptosis of postradiation CBSCs, and intracellular oxidative stress was decreased significantly while antioxidant-related enzymes were enhanced. Western blotting verified the anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin by downregulating the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α via extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling, distinct from its antioxidant effect via NRF2 signaling. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the newly formed bone in the melatonin plus Matrigel group had higher trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) values, and lower levels of IL-6 and TNF-α than those in the irradiation and the Matrigel groups.
Conclusions
This study suggested the potential of melatonin to protect CBSCs against γ-ray radiation and to assist the healing of postradiation bone defects.