bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor effects of Auraptene in 4T1 tumor‐bearing Balb/c mice
Authors: Shiran Mohammad Reza. , Amani Davar , Ajami Abolghasem , Jalalpourroodsari Mahshad , Khalizadeh Maghsoud , Rashidi Mohsen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor in women with limited treatment options and multiple side effects. Today, the anti-cancer properties of natural compounds have attracted widespread attention from researchers worldwide.

Methods
In this study, we treated 4T1 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice with intraperitoneal injection of Auraptene, paraffin oil, and saline as two control groups. Body weight and tumor volume were measured before and after treatment. Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining and immunohistochemistry of Ki-67 were used as markers of proliferation. In addition, ELISA assays were performed to assess serum IFN-γ and IL-4 levels.

Results
There was no significant change in body weight in all animal groups before and after treatment. 10 days after the last treatment, Auraptene showed its anti-cancer effect, which was confirmed by the smaller tumor volume and H & E staining. In addition, Ki-67 expression levels were significantly reduced in tumor samples from the Auraptene-treated group compared to the paraffin oil and saline-treated groups. In addition, in tumor-bearing and normal mice receiving Auraptene treatment, IL-4 serum production levels were reduced, while serum levels of IFN-γ were significantly up-regulated in tumor-bearing mice after Auraptene treatment.

Conclusions
In the case of inhibition of tumor volume and Ki-67 proliferation markers, Auraptene can effectively inhibit tumor growth in breast cancer animal models. In addition, it might increases Th1 and CD8 + T cell responses after reducing IL-4 serum levels and IFN-γ upregulation, respectively. However, further research is needed to clarify its mechanism of action.
Magnetogasdynamic shock wave propagation using the method of group invariance in rotating medium with the flux of monochromatic radiation and azimuthal magnetic field
Authors: Nath G. , Devi Arti 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The propagation of a cylindrical shock wave in rotating medium with azimuthal magnetic field under the action of monochromatic radiation using a method of group invariance is investigated. To derive similarity solutions as well as exact solutions, the group invariance technique is used. All classes of the solutions depending on the absorption coefficient are discussed by considering absorption coefficient to be variable or constant. A similarity solution is obtained, when the absorption coefficient is assumed to be variable. Two cases of solutions with a power law shock path are obtained by the different choices of arbitrary constants involving in the infinitesimal generators of the Lie group of transformations. To obtain the similarity solution in the case of the power law shock path, the density, magnetic field, axial and azimuthal velocity components are assumed to be varying and obeying power laws in the undisturbed medium. It is observed that with increase in the values of Alfven Mach number, adiabatic exponent and rotational parameter, shock strength decreases. The effects of variation of magnetic field strength, adiabatic exponent, rotational parameter and initial magnetic field variation index on the flow variables and on shock waves are analyzed graphically. Also, all classes of exact solutions are obtained by considering a constant absorption coefficient.
Does the Contract Type Matter? Impact of Marketing and Production Contracts on Cashew Farmers’ Farm Performance in Ghana
Authors: Dubbert Caroline , Abdulai Awudu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Many studies show that participation in contract farming has positive impacts on farm productivity and incomes. Most of the literature, however, does not take into account that contracts vary in their specifications, making empirical evidence scarce on the diverse impacts of different types of contracts. In this study, we investigate the driving forces of participation in marketing and production contracts, relative to spot markets. We also study the extent to which different contract types add additional benefits to smallholder farmers, using recent survey data of 389 cashew farmers in Ghana. To account for selection bias arising from observed and unobserved factors, we apply a multinomial endogenous switching regression method and implement a counterfactual analysis. The empirical results demonstrate that farmers who participate in production contracts obtain significantly higher cashew yields, cashew net revenues, and are more food secure compared to spot market farmers. We also find substantial heterogeneity in the impact of marketing and production contracts across scale of operation. Small sized farms that participate in production contracts tend to benefit the most. Marketing contracts, however, do not appear to benefit cashew farmers.
Sexual Consent without Passivity
Authors: Dougherty Tom 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In “The Opposite of Rape,” John Gardner defends two central claims. The first claim is that consent is not necessary for morally permissible sex and the second claim is that giving consent pride of place in sexual offence policy has the unwelcome consequence of reinforcing sexist ideology. Gardner’s arguments for both claims rely on what I call the “Passive Consent Thesis” which is the thesis that “if A gives consent to B in a sexual encounter, then A is passive and B is active in the encounter.” Gardner argues that if sex that is good in a key respect, then they engage in joint sexual activity that is free of this asymmetry of agency. Building on work by Karamvir Chadha, I respond that even if someone is passive with respect to the action to which they consent, they can still be active with respect to a different action that they perform themselves. Consequently, I maintain that two people can give each other consent while engaging in joint sexual activity.
Intra-individual variation in adults and children: measuring and conceptualizing individual dialect–standard repertoires
Authors: Kaiser Irmtraud , Ender Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper explores intra-individual variation as a manifestation of language-internal multilingualism in the Central-Bavarian Austrian context. Based on speech data from children and adults in different contexts, we discuss different methods of measuring and analyzing inter-situational variation along the dialect and standard language spectrum. By contrasting measures of dialectality, on the one hand, and proportions of turns in dialect, standard language or intermediate/mixed forms on the other, we gain complementary insights not only into the individual dialect-standard repertoires but also into the consequences of different methodological choices. The results indicate that intra-individual variation is ubiquitous in adults and children and that individual repertoires need to be taken into account from the beginning of the language acquisition process. We suggest that while intra-individual variation can be attested through the use of various methods, the revealed level of granularity and the conclusions that can be drawn as to the individual repertoires on the dialect-standard spectrum largely depend on the measures used and their inherent assumptions and intrinsically necessary categorizations.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[bis(4-(4-carboxyphenoxy)benzoato-κ
1
O)-μ
2-(1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene-κ
2
N:N′)cobalt(II)], C40H28N4O10Co
Authors: Xia Yi-Fan , Peng Xiong-Xin , Zhong Yu-Fei , Xiao Wei , Hu Chun-Yan , Yuan Hou-Qun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
C40H28N4O10Co, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 29.686(3) Å, b = 6.2315(4) Å, c = 21.0994(15) Å, β = 114.727(8)°, V = 3545.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0386, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0897, T = 293(2) K.

CCDC no.: 2054400
Crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis(1,4-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene-κ1
N)manganese(II) 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalate, C32H32MnN8O10
Authors: Zhou Jingjing , Xu Wei , He Luxiang , Xiao Hongping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
C32H32MnN8O10, monoclinic, P2/c (no. 13), a = 14.258(3) Å, b = 7.1056(13) Å, c = 17.589(3) Å, β = 113.672(3)°, V = 1632.0(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0314, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1019, T = 296(2) K.
Corona und die junge Generation: Ein sozialpsychologischer Blick
Authors: Krahé Barbara 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Corona-Pandemie trifft Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene hart. Zentrale Entwicklungsziele wie Autonomie, Mobilität und soziale Kontakte können nur sehr eingeschränkt befriedigt werden, gleichzeitig führt die entwicklungstypische Suche nach Anregung und Risiko sowie das Gefühl eigener Unverwundbarkeit zu einer Unterschätzung der Bedrohung durch die Pandemie. Trotzdem belegen Umfragen, dass sich entgegen der öffentlichen Meinung die Mehrzahl junger Menschen verantwortlich in der Krise verhält.
Factors associated with recurrent transient global amnesia: systematic review and pathophysiological insights
Authors: Liampas Ioannis , Raptopoulou Maria , Mpourlios Stefanos , Siokas Vasileios , Tsouris Zisis , Aloizou Athina-Maria , Dastamani Metaxia , Brotis Alexandros , Bogdanos Dimitrios , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Dardiotis Efthimios 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The examination of the risk factors that affect the recurrence of transient global amnesia (TGA) may shed light on the pathophysiological substrate of the disease. A systematic review was performed to identify the factors associated with the recurrence of TGA. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and PsycINFO were meticulously searched. Observational controlled studies involving patients with single (s-TGA) and recurrent TGA (r-TGA) according to Hodges and Warlow’s criteria were retrieved. Differences in the demographic characteristics, personal and family medical history, previous exposure to precipitating events and laboratory findings were examined. Retrieved evidence was assessed in the context of the individual article validity, based on the numerical power and methodological quality of each study. Nine cohort studies with retrospective, prospective or mixed design were retrieved. In total, 1989 patients with TGA were included, 269 of whom suffered from r-TGA (13.5%). R-TGA presented an earlier age of onset. Evidence was suggestive of a relationship between recurrence and a family or personal history of migraine, as well as a personal history of depression. There was weaker evidence that associated recurrence with a positive family history of dementia, a personal history of head injury and hippocampal lesions in diffusion-weighted MRI. On the other hand, no connection was found between recurrence and electroencephalographic abnormalities, impaired jugular venous drainage, cardiovascular risk factors, atrial fibrillation, previous cerebrovascular events, exposure to precipitating events, a positive family history of TGA and hypothyroidism. Important pathophysiological insights that arised from these findings were discussed.
Gibt es die „resiliente Persönlichkeit“?
Authors: Hiebel Nina , Rabe Lisa Milena , Maus Katja , Geiser Franziska 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Der Begriff der Resilienz wird im Alltag häufig im Sinn einer Persönlichkeitseigenschaft verwendet: Eine Person ist resilient und damit widerstandsfähig gegenüber Belastungen. Und auch im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs wird nicht eindeutig zwischen Resilienz als Eigenschaft, Prozess oder Outcome unterschieden.

Fragestellung

Gibt es so etwas wie eine „resiliente Persönlichkeit“?

Methode

Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Befunde werden verschiedene mögliche Zusammenhänge von Resilienz und Persönlichkeit vorgestellt. Dabei wird unterschieden zwischen 1) Resilienz als Synonym für ein komplexes Persönlichkeitskonstrukt, 2) einer Prädiktion von Resilienz durch spezifische Persönlichkeitseigenschaften, 3) einer Interaktion von Persönlichkeitseigenschaften und Situation, und 4) einer Rückwirkung von Resilienzerfahrungen auf die Persönlichkeit.

Schlussfolgerung

Auch wenn es für die individuelle Resilienz förderlich sein kann, bestimmte Aspekte der Persönlichkeit zu stärken, ist im Rahmen eines zeitlich und situativ dynamischen Resilienzkonzepts die Hypothese einer grundsätzlich „resilienten Persönlichkeit“ weder empirisch begründet noch sinnvoll.
Arbitrary amplitude ion acoustic solitons, double layers and supersolitons in a collisionless magnetized plasma consisting of non-thermal and isothermal electrons
Authors: Dalui Sandip , Sardar Sankirtan , Bandyopadhyay Anup 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Using Sagdeev pseudo-potential technique, we have studied the arbitrary amplitude ion acoustic solitons, double layers and supersolitons in a collisionless plasma consisting of adiabatic warm ions, non-thermal hot electrons and isothermal cold electrons immersed in an external uniform static magnetic field. We have used the phase portraits of the dynamical system describing the non-linear behaviour of ion acoustic waves to confirm the existence of different solitary structures. We have found that the system supports (a) positive potential solitons, (b) negative potential solitons, (c) coexistence of both positive and negative potential solitons, (d) negative potential double layers, (e) negative potential supersolitons and (f) positive potential supersolitons. Again, we have seen that the amplitude of the positive potential solitons decreases or increases with increasing n

ch
according to whether

0
<

n

c
h

<

n

c
h

(
c
)

$0{< }{n}_{ch}{< }{n}_{ch}^{\left(c\right)}$

or

n

c
h

(
c
)

<

n

c
h

≤
1

${n}_{ch}^{\left(c\right)}{< }{n}_{ch}\le 1$

, where

n

c
h

${n}_{ch}$

is the ratio of isothermal cold and non-thermal hot electron number densities, and

n

c
h

(
c
)

${n}_{ch}^{\left(c\right)}$

is a critical value of n

ch
. Also, we have seen that the amplitude of the positive potential solitons decreases with increasing β

e
, where β

e
is the non-thermal parameter. We have also investigated the transition of different negative potential solitary structures: negative potential soliton (before the formation of negative potential double layer) → negative potential double layer → negative potential supersoliton → negative potential soliton (after the formation of negative potential double layer) by considering the variation of θ only, where θ is angle between the direction of the external uniform static magnetic field and the direction of propagation of the ion acoustic wave.
Geometry and shape optimization of piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester using COMSOL multiphysics software
Authors: Hashim Ahmed A. , Mahmoud Khalil I. , Ridha Hussein M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn embedded systems that necessarily require a steady source of power and (or) attaches to a sensor(s), there are opportunities to mix small batteries to supply such power. The aim of this research is to optimize the geometry and shape of piezoelectric cantilevers to harvest more power. Several piezoelectric cantilever geometries with various shapes (rectangular, triangular, circular, and trapezoidal cross section) are tested in COMSOL multiphysics simulator to find the best geometry that provides the highest accomplishable power. The most efficient geometry was found to be conferred by the trapezoidal, cross section cantilever. Next, another improvement method was applied to maximize the harvested power of the cantilever by modifying the shape of the trapezoidal cantilever structure through increasing the number of its faces. The results demonstrated that the highest output power (36 mW) was produced by the four faces, trapezoidal cross section design of cantilever.
Obsessive healthy eating and orthorexic eating tendencies in sport and exercise contexts: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Strahler Jana , Wachten Hanna , Mueller-Alcazar Anett 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) and exercise addiction (ExAdd) are two phenomena believed to overlap. We conducted a meta-analysis exploring the link between ON and (addictive) exercise behaviors.

Methods
A systematic review of major databases and gray literature was carried out for studies reporting on ON and (addictive) exercise behaviors. Random effects meta-analyses were undertaken calculating correlations between ON and (addictive) exercise behaviors. A sub-group analysis investigated gender differences.

Results
Twenty-five studies with 10,134 participants (mean age = 25.21; 56.4% female) were included. Analyses showed a small overall correlation between ON and exercise (21 studies, r = 0.12, 95% CI |0.06–0.18|) and a medium overall correlation between ON and ExAdd (7 studies, r = 0.29, 95% CI |0.13–0.45|). Gender differences were negligible.

Conclusions
Orthorexic eating correlated slightly and moderately with exercise and ExAdd, respectively, expressing some unique and shared variance of these behaviors. While this does not suggest ON and addictive exercising to be independent, it does not indicate substantial comorbidity. Future research should focus on clinical relevance, underlying mechanisms, vulnerability, and risk factors.
An analysis of effect of water hyacinth carbonization temperature on fabrication and EMI shielding radar
Authors: Imammuddin Azam Muzakhim , Suparman Sudjito , Suprapto Wahyono , Sonief Achmad As’Ad 
Published: March 2021

The need to increase the ability of water hyacinth composites as EMI radar protection is related to the carbonization process of organic materials. This research aimed to determine the effect of water hyacinth carbonization temperature on the effectiveness of fabrication and EMI shielding radar. The research method includes the preparations such as cutting, washing, and drying the water hyacinth. The drying process is carried out using an oven with a temperature of 70 °C for 4 days. Then the water hyacinth is mashed until it reaches the 80 mesh size. Then the carbonization process is carried out, with variations in carbonization temperature ranging from 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C, 900 °C and 1,000 °C, with a heat increase speed of 3 °C/minutes. After reaching the specified temperature, a holding time is then carried out for 1 hour. Furthermore, the composite composition of 30 % water hyacinth activated carbon powder and 70 % phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin was molded using a hot press with a pressure of 300 kg/cm2 at 180 °C for 10 minutes. The results showed that the water hyacinth composite could be used as an EMI protection material at the X-Band frequency (8–12.5 GHz). Where the electrical conductivity and EMI SE increases with increasing carbonization temperature. Water hyacinth composites at a carbonization temperature of 1,000 °C showed the highest electrical conductivity and the highest EMI SE, respectively 4.64∙10-2 S/cm and 41.15 dB (attenuation 99.99 %) at a frequency of 8 GHz. The high absorption contribution is associated with the synergy combination of KCl and the pore structure of the goitre. KCl contributes to the magnetic properties and pore structure with high electrical conductivity values
Devising techniques for reinforcing glued sausage casings by using different physical methods
Authors: Оnishchenko Vyacheslav , Pak Andrey , Goralchuk Andrii , Shubina Lidiia , Bolshakova Viktoria , Inzhyyants Samvel , Pak Alina , Domanova Olena 
Published: March 2021

This paper has substantiated the development and rationalization of techniques to manufacture sausage casings from natural raw materials with predefined functional and technological properties. It is noted that the issue related to the rational utilization of intestinal raw materials and the improvement of the production economic profitability could be resolved by implementing effective technologies of glued intestinal sausage casings.
The strength has been investigated of the reinforcing seam between the layers of intestinal membranes obtained by such techniques as the local tanning, local thermal coagulation resulting from passing an electric current through wet raw materials, local thermal coagulation due to the arc discharge through dried raw materials.
The rational concentration of tannin in tanning solution has been determined, at which it is recommended to make a reinforcing seam on glued intestinal casings by means of local tanning. A value of the breaking load for the reinforcing seam made by using local electric currents has been derived, which is 14 N/m. A 4.7-time increase in the breaking load has been established to occur, compared to the control sample. A value of the breaking load for the reinforcing seam obtained by applying an arc discharge has been found, which is 18 N/m. It was noted that the breaking load had increased compared to the control sample.
Working bodies for an installation were designed aimed at reinforcing glued sausage casings by such techniques as local tanning; local thermal coagulation resulting from passing an electric current through wet raw materials; local thermal coagulation as a result of arc discharge through dried raw materials. It is noted that the advantages of techniques for the reinforcement of glued sausage casings are the high breaking load and the effective utilization of raw materials
Development of the juice extraction equipment: physico-mathematical model of the processes
Authors: Medvedkov Yevgeniy , Nazymbekova Aigerim , Tlevlessova Dinara , Shaprov Mikhail , Kairbayeva Ainura 
Published: March 2021

Multifruit juicers are designed, constructed and improved to be able to process pineapples, oranges and watermelons efficiently. Little juice manufacturers need both a small and efficient device for juice extraction for being economically concurrent compared to big corporations. The authors of the represented paper aim to present the experimental device for juice extraction, its effectiveness, and functional. This device was created using the compressive and compressive shear forces conveyed by an auger conveyor system as a working power. The juicer consists of a hopper, a screw conveyor shaft, a filter screen, a juice outlet, gearbox housing, and a motor. The analysis of the component design enabled the authors to use the data in order to identify the sizes, manufacture and assemble the machine. The authors have made a lot of tests to detect the efficiency and functionality of the presented device. Tests of the device productivity were carried out using watermelons loaded into the device both peeled and unpeeled. Percentage of juice yield, juice extraction efficiency and extraction losses were used as performance indicators. Productivity analysis results revealed that a fruit type and peel condition reliably influenced productivity indicators at the value of 1 %. The percentage of juice yield from peeled and unpeeled watermelons constituted 89.5 % and 89.7 %, respectively. Extraction efficiency constituted 96.6 % for peeled watermelons and 97.1 % for unpeeled ones. Extraction losses amounted to 2.9 % and 2.6 % correspondingly. The proposed device is easy to use and maintain, therefore, it will perfectly suit the needs of small fruit juice manufacturers and can help to get economic efficiency to the small manufacture