bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review article: Performance assessment of radiation-based field sensors for monitoring the water equivalent of snow cover (SWE)
Authors: Royer Alain , Roy Alexandre , Jutras Sylvain , Langlois Alexandre 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Continuous and spatially distributed data of snow mass (water equivalent of
snow cover, SWE) from automatic ground-based measurements are increasingly
required for climate change studies and for hydrological applications (snow
hydrological-model improvement and data assimilation). We present and
compare four new-generation sensors, now commercialized, that are
non-invasive and based on different radiations that interact with snow for SWE
monitoring: cosmic-ray neutron probe (CRNP), gamma ray monitoring (GMON)
scintillator, frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar (FMCW radar) at 24 GHz and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers (GNSSr). All
four techniques have relatively low power requirements, provide continuous
and autonomous SWE measurements, and can be easily installed in remote
areas. A performance assessment of their advantages, drawbacks and
uncertainties is discussed from experimental comparisons and a literature
review. Relative uncertainties are estimated to range between 9 % and 15 %
when compared to manual in situ snow surveys that are also discussed.
Results show the following. (1) CRNP can be operated in two modes of functioning:
beneath the snow, it is the only system able to measure very deep snowpacks
(> 2000 mm w.e.) with reasonable uncertainty across a wide range
of measurements; CRNP placed above the snow allows for SWE measurements over a
large footprint (∼ 20 ha) above a shallow snowpack. In both cases, CRNP
needs ancillary atmospheric measurements for SWE retrieval. (2) GMON
is the most mature instrument for snowpacks that are typically up to 800 mm w.e. Both CRNP (above snow) and GMON are sensitive to surface
soil moisture. (3) FMCW radar needs auxiliary snow-depth
measurements for SWE retrieval and is not recommended for automatic SWE
monitoring (limited to dry snow). FMCW radar is very sensitive to wet snow,
making it a very useful sensor for melt detection (e.g., wet avalanche
forecasts). (4) GNSSr allows three key snowpack parameters to be
estimated simultaneously: SWE (range: 0–1000 mm w.e.), snow depth and
liquid water content, according to the retrieval algorithm that is used. Its
low cost, compactness and low mass suggest a strong potential for GNSSr
application in remote areas.
Socioeconomic status and psychological distress do not predict mortality risk in the island population of Vis, Croatia
Authors: Lukežić Marina , Ćurković Ana , Kolčić Ivana , Polašek Ozren 
Published: November 2021

Aims To investigate the association between socioeconomic status and psychological distress measured by the General health questionnaire (GHQ-30) with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cancer mortality on the Croatian island of Vis. Methods This population-based cohort consisted of 1,025 subjects (426 men and 599 women), who were followed up for 18 years or a total of 5.8 million days. The causes of death were extracted from the Croatian National Institute of Public Health database. We calculated the adjusted hazard ratios, with subjective material status, years of schooling and a composite household material status used as estimates of socioeconomic status. Results There were 279 cases of death (27.2%). Socioeconomic status and psychological distress did not predict either the specific or the all-cause mortality risk. In addition, the interaction between socioeconomic variables and psychological distress also did not yield a significant hazard ratio in all three instances (all-cause, cardiovascular or tumour mortality). Conclusions These results confirm previous reports of the high level of social equality in the population of the island of Vis. Small and isolated communities may experience a lesser extent of social inequalities in health.
Intellectual Dimensions of Madīnian Polity and its Implication for Islamic Governance: Lessons from the Early History of Islam
Authors: Mrahorović Senad 
Published: November 2021

The very first verse revealed to the Prophet of Islam ﷺ, namely ﴾ Read in the name of your Lord ﴿ implied the concept of knowledge that corresponds with the intellectual attestation of the first article of Islamic faith, that is, the belief in the unity of God, which for its part requires a specific kind of knowledge related to the Divine. With the same token, the Revelation continued to provide the Prophet ﷺ with the intellectual and spiritual insights that he ﷺ perfectly transformed into the nucleus based on which the first Islamic state known as the Madīnian polity was firmly established. Hence, in this paper, the analysis will cover the intellectual dimensions of the Madīnian polity portrayed here in three essential aspects: the revelation as the principal source of knowledge, the affirmation as the intellectual and practical application of knowledge, and the manifestation as the individual and communal reflection of knowledge. I will argue that the said aspects as they were displayed in the Madīnian polity are the core factors that underpin the Islamic governance as such.
Urdu-21 Interrogative verses in The Holy Qur’an: An Analytical study of Style and Purpose
Authors: Ashraf Maria , Ahmad Hafiz Iftikhar , Haider Ghulam 
Published: November 2021

Allah Almighty has commanded us to hold the Holy Quràn firmly and gives tidings to those who hold the Holy Quràn firmly.It is a great, unique and insightful book. It is a sea of knowledge. This is an advice for those who are wise.Allah Almighty gives instructions in various forms. Every style affects the heart. One of it is interrogative style.In Holy Quràn different kinds of verses are used in several places in which questions are raised.For example,verses regarding Faith, worship, matters and belief in the Hereafter. In these verses, Allah Almighty is questioning the Muslims for specific purposes. Wisdom is hidden in these interrogative verses, which affects the humanity and lead Muslims to the path of Faith and guidance.In this research paper style and purpose of Interrogative verses of the Holy Qur’an are analyzed in the light of different exegesis of the last revealed book.
Cistitis y pielonefritis enfsematosa en paciente no diabético: presentación de caso
Authors: Caviedes Gabriel , Barbosa Tavera Jenny , Pineda Martínez Andrés Felipe , Veloza Vega María José 
Published: November 2021

La cistitis y la pielonefritis enfisematosa (PNE) son las infecciones del tracto urinario más frecuentes en mujeres, un 90 %, con factores de riesgo como diabetes y obstrucción. Son provocadas por la colonización de patógenos gramnegativos (E. Coli, Klebsiella), los cuales producen gas lo que genera un patrón clínico e imagenológico característico. Se presenta un caso en el que el paciente diagnosticado con pielonefritis enfisematosa no cuenta con las características habituales ni con los factores de riesgo frecuentes de esta entidad. Se destaca que un análisis correcto de las imágenes radiológicas y una evaluación clínica adecuada son fundamentales para su diagnóstico y apropiado tratamiento.
KRISTUS BANGKIT MENEBUS DUNIA: Refleksi Ekologis Atas Paska
Authors: Nadeak Largus 
Published: November 2021

Perayaan Paska menghadirkan kenyataan kebangkitan Yesus Kristus PenebusÂ semua ciptaan. Allah Pencipta berinkarnasi, hadir dan tinggal bersama ciptaan-Nya dengan kelahiran dan kehadiran Yesus Kristus di bumi. Allah yang hadirÂ bersama ciptaan nyata menderita, mati dan terutama bangkit untuk menebusÂ semua ciptaan, bukan hanya manusia tetapi semua ciptaan yang hidup danÂ tidak hidup, yang kelihatan dan tak kelihatan. Manusia penghayat imanÂ kebangkitan Kristus yang ditebus, mengaktualisasikan penebusan yang dialamiÂ dengan memelihara ciptaan agar pengalaman kebangkitan ciptaan menjadiÂ nyata. Sikap dan tindakan paska direalisasikan secara personal dan bersama diÂ tempat masing-masing, sehingga bumi menjadi tempat tinggal yang harmonisÂ untuk Allah Pencipta dan ciptaan-Nya termasuk manusia dan ciptaan lain.
KRITIK SOSIAL : Nabi Israel-Yehuda
Authors: Stanislaus Surip 
Published: November 2021

Kehidupan semi-nomaden di padang gurun membentuk bangsa IsraelÂ peka terhadap keadilan sosial. Kepedulian terhadap keadilan sosial ituÂ berangsur-angsur luntur bersamaan dengan menetapnya bangsa itu diÂ tanah Kanaan. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah kerakusan tuan-tuanÂ tanah dan penyalahgunaan kuasa para penguasa yang mau meraupÂ keuntungan pribadi. Akibatnya terjadi kekerasan dan penindasanÂ terhadap orang-orang lemah, terbentang jurang antara orang kayamiskinÂ dan ketidakadilan sosial. Kenyataan inilah yang mendorongÂ para nabi Israel melontarkan kritik sosial bagi bangsanya. BerpedomanÂ pada masyarakat perjanjian (Ul 12-26) Nabi Amos mencelapemanipulasian perkara pengadilan dengan uang suap untuk memerasÂ orang miskin. Nabi Yesaya mengkritik para pemimpin Yerusalem danÂ penduduknya yang sudah menjadi sundal atau kehilangan keadilanÂ dan kebenaran. Nabi Mikha mengecam para penguasa Yehuda yangÂ membenci keadilan dan nabi-nabi palsunya yang menyesatkan. NabiÂ Zefanya mencela penduduk Yehuda yang berlaku tidak adil, paraÂ pemimpin dan hakim-hakim yang tidak membela rakyat dan paraÂ imam yang mencemarkan ibadat. Nabi Yeremia mengritik bahwaÂ kepercayaan kepada TUHAN yang tinggal bersama umat-Nya di Bait-Â Nya adalah sia-sia bila tidak dibarengi pertobatan dan tindak keadilan.Â Nabi Yehezkiel mengecam para pemimpin Yehuda yang memeras danÂ membiarkan rakyatnya tersesat serta menuduhkan kejahatan sosial danÂ keagamaan pada rakyatnya. Nabi Obaja mengutuk kejahatan bangsaÂ Edom yang bertindak kejam dan merampas tanah dari sisa-sisa penduduk Yehuda buangan serta memperbudak mereka. Nabi Zakharia menuduh dan mengingatkan bahwa pertobatan tidak cukup dengan menyelesaikan pembangunan kembali Bait Allah saja, tetapi harus dibarengi dengan hidup dalam kebenaran, kebaikan dan keadilan. Nabi Yoel mengecam dan menubuatkan hukuman terhadap musuh-musuh Israel (Tirus, Sidon dan Filistin) atas kejahatan mereka yang merampas tanah dan perkakas Bait Allah serta memperjualbelikan bangsa Israel sebagai budak.
‘What did it achieve?’ – Students’ conceptions about the significance of the French Revolution
Authors: Mathis Christian 
Published: November 2021

Este estudio presenta las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre las consecuencias y la relevancia histórica de la Revolución Francesa. Se recogieron datos de alumnos suizos-alemanes de noveno grado (de 15 a 16 años; N=22) mediante discusiones de grupo y entrevistas centradas en problemas. Los datos se analizaron mediante un método cualitativo reconstructivo. El pensamiento histórico de los alumnos está dominado por la creencia en el progreso y el presentismo. Los jóvenes se ven envueltos en la historia de la Revolución Francesa, que tiene una relevancia y significado simbólico y presente-futuro (Cercadillo). Así, construyen la relevancia histórica de forma ejemplar (Rüsen). Estos patrones explicativos están anclados en las ideas cotidianas y no en una comprensión científica. Una consecuencia de esto es que los profesores deben modelar cognitivamente el pensamiento mostrando cómo los historiadores narran la relevancia histórica de la Revolución Francesa, haciendo explícito este concepto de segundo orden y ofreciéndoles la oportunidad de conocer y analizar diferentes tipos de narrativa (Rüsen).
This study presents students’ conceptions about the consequences and significance of the French Revolution. The data were collected from Swiss ninth graders (15 to 16 years old; N=22) by means of group discussions and problem-centred interviews. The data were evaluated using a reconstructive qualitative method. The students’ historical thinking is dominated by a belief in progress and paramount presentism. The adolescents feel entangled in the history of the French Revolution, it has a symbolic and present-future significance (Cercadillo). Thus, they construct historical significance in an exemplary way (Rüsen). These explanatory patterns are anchored in the everyday conceptions of the students and not in an academic understanding of history. Therefore, teachers should cognitively model learners’ thinking by showing how historians narrate and construct the historical significance of the French Revolution, by making this second-order concept explicit and by giving them the opportunity to explore different types of narrative (Rüsen).
Narrativa y significación histórica en la comunicación de los museos nacionales canadienses en Facebook
Authors: Navarro Neri Iñaki , Rivero Pilar , Aso Borja , Mendióroz-Lacambra Ana María 
Published: November 2021

El patrimonio juega un papel determinante en la construcción de la ciudadanía y las identidades, de ahí la responsabilidad que las instituciones culturales, como los museos, tienen a la hora de articular sus propuestas y discursos. En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras analizar el discurso emitido a través de sus posts de los cinco museos nacionales canadienses más activos en Facebook durante 2020, en cuanto a narrativa histórica y al enfoque elegido a la hora de tratar la significación histórica de una pintura, una pieza de la colección, etc. Los resultados muestran una actividad planificada con discursos donde predomina la narrativa histórica tradicional y un enfoque, en cuanto al tipo de significación histórica otorgada a una pieza, centrado principalmente en la relevancia e importancia de los elementos patrimoniales en el imaginario colectivo canadiense.Los datos contribuyen a conocer mejor el desarrollo de pensamiento histórico en el ámbito de la educación no formal en el contexto digital. Teniendo en cuenta la escasez de investigaciones en esta línea, se abre una vía de trabajo novedosa en la didáctica de la historia y del patrimonio.
and the approach chosen when dealing with the historical significance of a painting, work of art, etc. The results show a constant and planned activity with discourses dominated by traditional historical narrative, and an approach, in terms of the type of historical significance given to a piece, mainly focused on the relevance and importance of heritage elements in the Canadian collective imagination.The results contribute to a better understanding of the development of historical thinking in the field of non-formal education in the digital context. As there is hardly any research in this area, this research constitutes a new line of investigation in the context of history and heritage education.
Libelos, camarillas y banquetes: una propuesta para reconstruir las proclamaciones militares en la Antigüedad Tardía a través de los casos de Probo, Magnencio y Juliano
Authors: Sancho Gómez Miguel Pablo 
Published: November 2021

Pese a la gran cantidad de sublevaciones militares acontecidas en el Imperio Romano, y muy especialmente en el siglo III, sabemos muy poco de cómo se preparaban y ejecutaban sobre el papel estos complots. Quitando el atípico caso de Procopio, relatado con detalle por Amiano Marcelino, las fuentes literarias, ya en muchos casos problemáticas y/o escasas, dejan bastantes lagunas en los relatos de tales procesos, que la historiografía reciente intenta suplir con hipótesis. Sin entrar a valorar las motivaciones del fenómeno o el grado de responsabilidad de los diferentes involucrados en las denominadas usurpaciones, nos planteamos ofrecer una propuesta explicativa desde el punto de vista meramente técnico, esto es, cómo un determinado grupo de conjurados logra idear, planear y ejecutar un plan o una serie de planes con el objetivo de alcanzar el poder mediante el apoyo de ciertas fuerzas militares para derrocar, casi siempre asesinando, al emperador reinante.
Despite the large number of military uprisings that occurred in the Roman Empire, and especially in the Third Century, we know very little about how these conspiracies were prepared and executed on paper. Not counting the atypical case of Procopius, related in detail by Ammianus Marcellinus, the literary sources, already problematic and /or scarce in many cases, leave many gaps in the accounts of such processes, which recent historiography tries to fill with hypotheses. Without assessing the motivations of the phenomenon or the degree of responsibility of the different parties involved in the so-called usurpations, we offer an explanatory proposal from the merely technical point of view, that is, how a certain group of conspirators manages to devise, scheme and execute a plan or series of plans with the aim of attaining power through the support of certain military forces and overthrow, almost always assassinating, the reigning emperor.
L’insertion professionnelle des enseignants au travers des multiples aspects de la socialisation au travail : l’ISaTE, un instrument de mesure pour les appréhender
Authors: Coppe Thibault , Raemdonck Isabel , März Virginie , Parmentier Michaël , Brouhier Quentin , Colognesi Stéphane 
Published: November 2021

Cette étude présente la conception et le processus de validation d’un instrument de mesure de la socialisation au travail des enseignants débutants. Un total de 1487 enseignants de différents niveaux d’enseignement obligatoire ont été interrogés. Les fondations théoriques ainsi que les analyses factorielles exploratoires et confirmatoires mettent en évidence quatre dimensions de socialisation au travail : la socialisation au groupe de travail, au climat micropolitique, aux tâches d’enseignement ainsi qu’à l’organisation. L’instrument proposé présente, en respect de différents critères consensuels quant aux processus de validation d’échelles, des arguments de validité élevés. Cette contribution nourrit l’enjeu majeur d’une approche globalisante de l’insertion des enseignants qui va au-delà des approches centrées sur le travail de l’enseignant en classe.
Modeling Metastatic Colonization in a Decellularized Organ Scaffold‐Based Perfusion Bioreactor
Authors: Rafaeva Maria , Horton Edward R. , Jensen Adina R.D. , Madsen Chris D. , Reuten Raphael , Willacy Oliver , Brøchner Christian B. , Jensen Thomas H. , Zornhagen Kamilla Westarp , Crespo Marina , Grønseth Dina S. , Nielsen Sebastian R. , Idorn Manja , Straten Per thor , Rohrberg Kristoffer , Spanggaard Iben , Højgaard Martin , Lassen Ulrik , Erler Janine T. , Mayorca‐Guiliani Alejandro E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMetastatic cancer spread is responsible for most cancer‐related deaths. To colonize a new organ, invading cells adapt to, and remodel, the local extracellular matrix (ECM), a network of proteins and proteoglycans underpinning all tissues, and a critical regulator of homeostasis and disease. However, there is a major lack in tools to study cancer cell behavior within native 3D ECM. Here, an in‐house designed bioreactor, where mouse organ ECM scaffolds are perfused and populated with cells that are challenged to colonize it, is presented. Using a specialized bioreactor chamber, it is possible to monitor cell behavior microscopically (e.g., proliferation, migration) within the organ scaffold. Cancer cells in this system recapitulate cell signaling observed in vivo and remodel complex native ECM. Moreover, the bioreactors are compatible with co‐culturing cell types of different genetic origin comprising the normal and tumor microenvironment. This degree of experimental flexibility in an organ‐specific and 3D context, opens new possibilities to study cell–cell and cell–ECM interplay and to model diseases in a controllable organ‐specific system ex vivo.
Rapid construction of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks by a spray‐drying strategy for enhanced tannic acid adsorption
Authors: Liu Jingran , Wei Yan , Chang Miao , Wang Ni , Wang Dan , Wang Jie‐Xin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted much attention owing to their tailored pore environment and surface functionality. However, most of the currently reported MOFs are confined to small pore sizes (<5 nm), limiting their practical applications. Here, a facile and versatile strategy for rapid construction of hierarchically porous MOFs (HP‐MOFs) by spray‐drying is reported, in which presynthesized nanosized MOFs (N‐MOFs) can be assembled to form MOF microspheres with meso/macropores resulting from the interspace among closely arranged N‐MOFs. This strategy enables the construction of multicomponent HP‐MOFs with various functions. As a proof of concept, we show that the adsorption for tannic acid (TA) can be significantly enhanced using HP‐MIL‐101(Cr). Particularly, HP‐MIL‐101‐30 (30 represents the primary nanoparticle size) exhibits a record‐high adsorption capacity (1175 mg g−1), and the adsorption rate of HP‐MIL‐101‐30 is increased by 50% compared to that of N‐MIL‐101‐30. These findings have important implications for the rapid construction of HP‐MOFs, which is beneficial for the adsorption of large molecules.
Innovativer Einsatz von Ringfedern in der Erdbebenauslegung
Authors: Helm Lukas , Sadegh‐Azar Hamid , Jahnel Lars , Jandrey Hauke 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRingfedern finden im Erdbebeningenieurwesen kaum Anwendung und sind nur wenig erforscht. Dabei bieten sie eine Reihe von Vorteilen: sie sind äußerst robust, hitzebeständig, langlebig und wartungsarm. Ihr Verhalten ist superelastisch, wobei die Feder trotz großer plastischer Verformungen und hoher Energiedissipation immer wieder in den Ausgangszustand zurückkehrt. Ein mit Ringfedern ausgestattetes System kann ein Erdbeben ohne große plastische Verformungen und Schäden überstehen und liefert somit einen maßgeblichen Beitrag zum Investitionsschutz (Wirtschaftlichkeit) und zum nachhaltigen Einsatz von knappen Materialien und Ressourcen. Die Dämpfer selbst bleiben dabei ebenfalls schadensfrei und müssen nicht ausgetauscht werden. In diesem Aufsatz wird ein neuartiger Einsatz von Ringfedern zur Erhöhung der Erdbebensicherheit und zur Schwingungsreduktion von Strukturen untersucht. Hierbei werden die klassischen Aussteifungselemente durch Ringfedern ersetzt. Um die praktische Anwendung im Erdbebeningenieurwesen zu ermöglichen und die Effizienz im Vergleich zu anderen Systemen zu bewerten, werden nichtlineare dynamische Simulationen durchgeführt, wobei die klassischen schwingungstechnischen Eigenschaften der Feder analytisch und numerisch quantifiziert werden. Abschließend wird die praktische Anwendung von Ringfedern zur Schwingungsreduktion und zur Optimierung der Erdbebenauslegung eines Hochhauses anhand eines Praxisbeispiels demonstriert.