bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Thought Management a Resource for Functioning in Women with Fibromyalgia Irrespective of Pain Levels?
Authors: Catala Patricia , Suso-Ribera Carlos , Gutierrez Lorena , Perez Soledad , Lopez-Roig Sofia , Peñacoba Cecilia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the relationship between cognitive factors (cognitive fusion and catastrophizing) and functional limitation experienced by patients with fibromyalgia across different levels of pain severity (i.e., moderation).MethodsThe sample comprised 226 women with fibromyalgia. Their mean age was 56.91 years (standard deviation = 8.94; range = 30 to 78 years).ResultsPain severity, cognitive fusion, and all components of catastrophizing (i.e., rumination, magnification, and helplessness) contributed to greater fibromyalgia impact on functioning in the multivariate analyses (all P &lt; 0.001). A moderation effect was also found in the relationship between cognitive fusion and fibromyalgia impact on functioning (B = –0.12, t = –2.42, P = 0.016, 95% confidence interval: –0.22 to –0.02) and between magnification and fibromyalgia impact (B = –0.37, t = –2.21, P = 0.028, 95% confidence interval: –0.69 to –0.04). This moderation was not observed for rumination and helplessness.ConclusionsThe results suggest that in interventions to improve functioning in people with fibromyalgia, some maladaptive forms of thought management (i.e., cognitive fusion and magnification) preferably should be challenged at milder levels of pain severity. According to our findings, cognitive fusion and magnification might have less room to impact functioning at higher levels of pain severity; therefore, rumination and helplessness, which had comparable associations with functioning irrespective of pain levels, would be preferable targets in psychological interventions in patients with fibromyalgia experiencing more severe pain levels.
‘Run them dry’: a retrospective experience with a restrictive fluid management strategy in severe imported falciparum malaria from a tertiary care university hospital in Berlin, Germany
Authors: Hoffmeister Bodo , Aguilar Valdez Abner D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Due to the unique pathophysiology with progressive mircocirculatory obstruction and simultaneously increased vascular permeability, overhydration can be rapidly harmful in patients with falciparum malaria. The outcome in all 558 cases hospitalised during 2001–2015 in the Charité University Hospital, Berlin, was favourable, independent of the antimalarial used. Here, the fluid management strategy in the most severely affected subgroup is examined.

Methods
All fluids in 32 patients requiring treatment on intensive care units (ICUs) for &gt;48 h were retrospectively quantified. All malaria-specific complications were followed up over the whole ICU stay.

Results
Strong linear relationships between fluid intake and positive balances reflecting dehydration and increased vascular permeability were evident over the whole stay. With 2.2 (range: 0.7–6.9), 1.8 (0.6–6.1) and 1.3 (0.3–5.0) mL/kg/h on day 1, day 2 and over the remaining ICU stay, respectively, median fluid volumes remained below the actual WHO recommendations. No evidence for deterioration of any malaria-specific complication under such restrictive fluid management was found. The key prognostic parameter metabolic acidosis improved significantly over 48 h (p=0.02). All patients survived to discharge.

Conclusions
These results suggest that in the face of markedly increased vascular permeability, a restrictive fluid management strategy is clinically safe in adults with severe imported falciparum malaria.
Invasive, aggressive mastoid bone eumycetoma: a treatment challenge
Authors: Yosif Abubaker Ahmed , Bakhiet Sahar Mubarak , Abdalla Tagwa Hayder , Mhmoud Najwa Adam , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Fahal Ahmed Hassan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous disease that significant affects the subcutaneous tissue and deep structures. Mycetoma is caused by certain fungi (eumycetoma) or higher bacteria (actinomycetoma). The clinical presentation is variable and depends on the causative agent. For proper treatment and patient management, an accurate diagnosis of the species is mandatory. The disease mainly involves the extremities and it is rarely seen in the head and neck or other sites. In this communication, we present an interesting case of both invasive and aggressive mastoid bone eumycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis. Such cases are defied by complex challenges in finding effective surgical and medical treatments when the patient does not respond to both prolonged and different antifungal therapies.
TB and COVID-19: paying attention to diabetes mellitus
Authors: Harries Anthony D , Kumar Ajay M V , Satyanarayana Srinath , Lin Yan , Dlodlo Riitta A , Khogali Mohammed , Zachariah Rony , Kapur Anil 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In 2019, global diabetes prevalence was 463 million. Diabetes increases the risk of TB and adverse treatment outcomes including death and relapse. Diabetes also increases the risk of severe disease, multi-organ failure, coagulopathy and death in COVID-19. TB and COVID-19 share many features, suggesting opportunities to integrate prevention, diagnosis and care. Three areas for further work are highlighted: better infection control in diabetes clinics, easier and quicker diagnosis using similar technology platforms and optimal blood glucose control. The funding and resources for COVID-19 should be harnessed to improve TB and diabetes care and achieve their respective sustainable development goal targets.
High risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among medical and nursing students in Indonesia: a 1-year prospective study
Authors: Apriani Lika , McAllister Susan , Sharples Katrina , Aini Isni Nurul , Nurhasanah Hanifah , Ratnaningsih Dwi Febni , Indrati Agnes Rengga , Ruslami Rovina , Alisjahbana Bachti , van Crevel Reinout , Hill Philip C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Medical and nursing students entering their clinical programmes are at increased risk for tuberculosis (TB) in TB-endemic settings. Relatively little is known about Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among such students in high-endemic countries.

Methods
We examined M. tuberculosis infection among medical and nursing students starting clinical training in Bandung, Indonesia using interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus. IGRA-negative students had a repeat test after 1 y and logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with IGRA positivity or conversion.

Results
There were 379 students included in this study: 248 (65.4%) were medical students and 131 (34.6%) were nursing students. Of 379 students, 70 (18.5%) were IGRA positive at baseline. Of 293 IGRA-negative students with 1-y results, 26 (8.9%) underwent IGRA conversion. Being a medical student (adjusted relative risk [ARR] 5.15 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.82 to 14.59], p=0.002) and participation in sputum collection or bronchoscopy were associated with IGRA conversion (ARR 2.74 [95% CI 1.29 to 5.79], p=0.008).

Conclusions
Medical and nursing students entering clinical training are at high risk of M. tuberculosis infection and need improved infection prevention and control strategies.
Perceptions of a Nurse-Driven Urinary Catheter Removal Protocol in a Hospital Setting
Authors: Blodgett Tom J. , Sheets Constance 
Published: February 2021

Purpose/Aims
The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a nurse-driven catheter removal protocol among nurses in a hospital setting.

Design
A mixed-methods design was used. A modified version of the Abbreviated Acceptability Rating Profile was used in this study, along with 3 open-ended questions.

Methods
Staff nurses assigned to care for nonpregnant, cognitively intact adults with a short-term Foley catheter were asked to apply a nurse-driven catheter removal protocol on the enrolled patient every 12 hours. They were asked to complete a modified version of the Abbreviated Acceptability Rating Profile and open-ended questionnaire each time they used the protocol.

Results
A total of 13 questionnaires were completed (52% completion rate). Nurses reported that the nurse-driven catheter removal protocol was highly acceptable in intensive care units and intermediate care units, but not in medical-surgical units. Nurses felt that the protocol should be effective in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection, that they would be willing to use the protocol with their loved ones, and that overall, the protocol was helpful for their patient. However, they did not feel that their patient's risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infection was high enough to warrant using the protocol. Barriers to using the protocol as planned included encrustation, inconvenient times of day, unawareness, and a desire to follow orders and current institutional policies.

Conclusion
Findings from this study generally support the acceptability of the nurse-driven catheter removal protocol, particularly in higher-acuity units. Recommendations are provided to help clinical nurse specialists support adherence to these protocols.
Get rid of the beat in mobile EEG applications: A framework towards automated cardiogenic artifact detection and removal in single-channel EEG
Authors: Chiu Neng-Tai , Huwiler Stephanie , Ferster M. Laura , Karlen Walter , Wu Hau-Tieng , Lustenberger Caroline 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBrain activity recordings outside clinical or laboratory settings using mobile EEG systems have recently gained popular interest allowing for realistic long-term monitoring and eventually leading to identification of possible biomarkers for diseases. The less obtrusive, minimized systems (e.g. single-channel EEG, no ECG reference) have the drawback of artifact contamination with varying intensity that are particularly difficult to identify and remove. We developed brMEGA, the first algorithm for automated detection and removal of cardiogenic artifacts using non-linear time-frequency analysis and machine learning to (1) detect whether and where cardiogenic artifacts exist, and (2) remove those artifacts. We compare our algorithm against visual artifact identification and a previously established approach and validate it in one real and semi-real datasets. We demonstrated that brMEGA successfully identifies and substantially removes cardiogenic artifacts in single-channel EEG recordings. Moreover, recovery of cardiogenic artifacts gives the opportunity for future extraction of heart rate features without ECG measurement.
Schizophrenia-linked protein tSNARE1 regulates endolysosomal trafficking in cortical neurons
Authors: Plooster Melissa , Farrell Martilias S. , Rossi Guendalina , Won Hyejung , Gupton Stephanie L. , Brennwald Patrick 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTSNARE1, which encodes the protein tSNARE1, is a high-confidence gene candidate for schizophrenia risk, but nothing is known about its cellular or physiological function. We identified the major gene products ofTSNARE1and their cytoplasmic localization and function in endolysosomal trafficking in murine cortical neurons. We validated four primary isoforms ofTSNARE1expressed in human brain, all of which encode a syntaxin-like Qa SNARE domain. RNA-sequencing data from adult and fetal human brain suggested that the majority of tSNARE1 lacks a transmembrane domain that is thought to be necessary for membrane fusion. Live-cell imaging demonstrated that brain tSNARE1 isoforms localized to compartments of the endosomal network. The most abundant brain isoform, tSNARE1c, localized most frequently to Rab7+late endosomal compartments. Expression of either tSNARE1b or tSNARE1c, which differ only in their inclusion or exclusion of a Myb-like domain, delayed the trafficking of known endosomal cargo, Neep21, into late endosomal and lysosomal compartments. These data suggest that tSNARE1 regulates endosomal trafficking in cortical neurons, likely through negatively regulating endocytic trafficking or maturation of early endosomes to late endosomes.
Cancer cells induce hepatocytes apoptosis in co-opted colorectal cancer liver metastatic lesions
Authors: Rada Miran , Tsamchoe Migmar , Kapelanski-Lamoureux Audrey , Bloom Jessica , Petrillo Stephanie , Kim Diane H , Lazaris Anthoula , Metrakos Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVessel co-option in colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) has been recognized as one of the mechanistic pathways that contribute to resistance against anti-angiogenic therapy. In vessel co-opted CRCLM lesions, the cancer cells are highly motile that move toward and along the pre-existing sinusoidal vessels and hijack them to gain access to nutrient. The movement of cancer cells is accompanied by replacement of the hepatocytes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which this replacement occurs are unclear yet. To examine the involvement of apoptosis in hepatocytes replacement by cancer cells in co-opted lesions, we conducted immunohistochemical staining for chemonaïve CRCLM specimens using pro-apoptotic markers antibody, such as cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). The results suggested overexpression of pro-apoptotic markers in liver parenchyma of co-opted lesions compared to angiogenic lesions, specifically the hepatocytes that are in close proximity to the cancer cells. Importantly, co-culturing hepatocytes with colorectal cancer cells induced overexpression of pro-apoptotic markers in the hepatocytes. Altogether, these results propose that cancer cells could exploit apoptosis to replace the hepatocytes and establish vessel co-option in CRCLM.
The C. elegans Notch proteins LIN-12 and GLP-1 are tuned to lower force thresholds for activation than Drosophila Notch
Authors: Langridge Paul D. , Chan Jessica Yu , Garcia-Diaz Alejandro , Greenwald Iva , Struhl Gary 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe conserved transmembrane receptor Notch mediates cell fate decisions in all animals. In the absence of ligand, a Negative Regulatory Region (NRR) in the Notch ectodomain adopts an autoinhibited confirmation, masking an ADAM protease cleavage site [1, 2]; ligand binding makes the cleavage site accessible, leading to shedding of the Notch ectodomain as the first step of signal transduction [3, 4]. In Drosophila and vertebrates, the ligands are all single-pass transmembrane Delta/Serrate/LAG-2 (DSL) proteins; the endocytic adaptor Epsin binds to the ubiquitinated intracellular domain, and the resulting Clathrin-mediated endocytosis exerts a “pulling force” that exposes the cleavage site in the NRR [4–6]. However, inC. elegans, the presence of natural secreted DSL proteins [7] and other observations suggested that Epsin-mediated endocytosis may not be required to activate the Notch proteins LIN-12 and GLP-1. Here, we confirm that neither Epsin nor the cytosolic domains of DSL proteins are required for Notch signaling in C. elegans. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the NRRs of LIN-12 and GLP-1 are tuned to a lower force level than the NRR of Drosophila Notch. Finally, we show that adding a Leucine “plug” that occludes the cleavage site in vertebrate and Drosophila Notch proteins but is absent in theC. elegansNotch proteins [1, 2] renders the LIN-12 and GLP-1 NRRs dependent on Epsin-mediated ligand endocytosis, indicating that greater force is now required to expose the cleavage site. Thus, the NRRs of LIN-12 and GLP-1 appear to be tuned to a lower force threshold, accounting for the different requirements for signaling inC. elegans.
Multi-channel 4D parametrized Atlas of Macro- and Microstructural Neonatal Brain Development
Authors: Uus Alena , Grigorescu Irina , Pietsch Maximillian , Batalle Dafnis , Christiaens Daan , Hughes Emer , Hutter Jana , Grande Lucilio Cordero , Price Anthony N. , Turnier Jacques-Donald , Rutherford Mary A. , Counsell Serena J. , Hajnal Joseph V. , Edwards A. David , Deprez Maria 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTStructural and diffusion MRI provide complimentary anatomical and microstructural characterization of early brain maturation. The existing models of the developing brain in time include only either structural or diffusion channels. Furthermore, there is a lack of tools for combined analysis of structural and diffusion MRI in the same reference space.In this work we propose methodology to generate multi-channel (MC) continuous spatio-temporal parametrized atlas of brain development based on MC registration driven by both T2-weighted and orientation distribution functions (ODF) channels along with the Gompertz model (GM) fitting of the signals and spatial transformations in time. We construct a 4D MC atlas of neonatal brain development during 38 to 44 week PMA range from 170 normal term subjects from developing Human Connectomme Project. The resulting atlas consists of fourteen spatio-temporal microstructural indices and two parcellation maps delineating white matter tracts and neonatal transient structures. We demonstrate applicability of the atlas for quantitative region-specific comparison of 140 term and 40 preterm subjects scanned at the term-equivalent age. We show multi-parametric microstructural differences in multiple white matter regions, including the transient compartments. The atlas and software will be available after publication of the article.
Different trajectories of polyploidization shape the genomic landscape of theBrettanomyces bruxellensisyeast species
Authors: Eberlein Chris , Saada Omar Abou , Friedrich Anne , Albertin Warren , Schacherer Joseph 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPolyploidization events are observed across the tree of life and occurred in many fungi, plant and animal species. Polyploidy is thought to be an important source of speciation and tumorigenesis. However, the origins of polyploid populations are not always clear and little is known about the precise nature and structure of their complex genome. Using a long-read sequencing strategy, we sequenced a large number of isolates from theBrettanomyces bruxellensisyeast species, which is found in anthropized environments (e.g.beer, contaminant of wine, kombucha and ethanol production) and characterized by several polyploid subpopulations. To reconstruct the polyploid genomes, we phased them by using different strategies and we found that each subpopulation had a unique polyploidization history with distinct trajectories. The polyploid genomes contain either genetically closely related (with a genetic divergence < 1%) or diverged copies (> 3%), indicating auto- as well as allopolyploidization events. These latest events have occurred independently with a specific and unique donor in each of the polyploid subpopulations, and exclude the knownBrettanomycessister species as possible donors. Finally, loss of heterozygosity events have shaped the structure of these polyploid genomes and underline their dynamic. Overall, our study highlights the multiplicity of the trajectories leading to polyploid genomes within a same species.
Mapping global shifts inSaccharomyces cerevisiaegene expression across asynchronous time trajectories with diffusion maps
Authors: Reiter Taylor , Montpetit Rachel , Runnebaum Ron , Brown C. Titus , Montpetit Ben 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGrapes grown in a particular geographic region often produce wines with consistent characteristics, suggesting there are site-specific factors driving recurrent fermentation outcomes. However, our understanding of the relationship between site-specific factors, microbial metabolism, and wine fermentation outcomes are not well understood. Here, we used differences inSaccharomyces cerevisiaegene expression as a biosensor for differences among Pinot noir fermentations from 15 vineyard sites. We profiled time series gene expression patterns of primary fermentations, but fermentations proceeded at different rates, making analyzes of these data with conventional differential expression tools difficult. This led us to develop a novel approach that combines diffusion mapping with continuous differential expression analysis. Using this method, we identified vineyard specific deviations in gene expression, including changes in gene expression correlated with the activity of thenon-SaccharomycesyeastHanseniaspora uvarum, as well as with initial nitrogen concentrations in grape musts. These results highlight novel relationships between site-specific variables andSaccharomyces cerevisiaegene expression that are linked to repeated wine fermentation outcomes. In addition, we demonstrate that our analysis approach can extract biologically relevant gene expression patterns in other contexts (e.g., hypoxic response ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae), indicating that this approach offers a general method for investigating asynchronous time series gene expression data.ImportanceWhile it is generally accepted that foods, in particular wine, possess sensory characteristics associated with or derived from their place of origin, we lack knowledge of the biotic and abiotic factors central to this phenomenon. We have usedSaccharomyces cerevisiaegene expression as a biosensor to capture differences in fermentations of Pinot noir grapes from 15 vineyards across two vintages. We find that gene expression by non-Saccharomycesyeasts and initial nitrogen content in the grape must correlates with differences in gene expression among fermentations from these vintages. These findings highlight important relationships between site-specific variables and gene expression that can be used to understand, or possibly modify, wine fermentation outcomes. Our work also provides a novel analysis method for investigating asynchronous gene expression data sets that is able to reveal both global shifts and subtle differences in gene expression due to varied cell – environment interactions.
Development and validation of a mouse model of contemporary cannabis smoke exposure
Authors: Fantauzzi Matthew F. , Cass Steven P. , McGrath Joshua J.C. , Thayaparan Danya , Wang Peiyao , Stampfli Martin R. , Hirota Jeremy A. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTCannabis is widely used for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Inhalation of combusted cannabis smoke is the most common mode of drug consumption, exposing the lungs to the pharmacologically active ingredients, including tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). While the relationship between cannabis smoke exposure and compromised respiratory health has yet to be sufficiently defined, previous investigations suggest that cannabis smoke may dysregulate pulmonary immunity. Presently, there exists few pre-clinical animal models that have been extensively validated for contemporary cannabis smoke exposure. To address this need, we developed a mouse model with readouts of total particular matter, serum cannabinoid and carboxyhemoglobin levels, lung cellular responses, and immune mediator production.Using a commercially available smoke exposure system and a cannabis source material of documented THC/CBD composition, we exposed mice to a total particulate matter of 698.89 (SD = 66.09) µg/L and demonstrate increases in serum cannabinoids and carboxyhemoglobin. We demonstrate that cannabis smoke modulates immune cell populations and mediators in both male and female BALB/c mice. This modulation is highlighted by increases in airway and lung tissue macrophage populations, including tissue-resident alveolar macrophages, monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages, and interstitial macrophage subpopulations. No changes in airway or lung tissue infiltration of neutrophils were observed. Immune mediator analysis indicated significant upregulation of MDC, TARC, and VEGF within the lung tissue of cannabis smoke exposed mice. This accessible and reproducible smoke exposure model provides a foundation to explore the impact of chronic cannabis exposures and/or co-exposures with pathogens of clinical relevance, such as influenza.