bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Options and rationale for regional property‐based kangaroo production
Authors: Wilson George R. , Edwards Melanie 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe larger kangaroos (Macropus giganteus, M. fuliginosus and Osphranter rufus) are widely distributed and have a national population which fluctuates in response to changes in grass growth and trends to 40 million. Most are outside parks and reserves and, on pastoral properties, particularly on the rangelands of southern Australia. High numbers compromise regenerative agriculture, pasture conservation, revegetation and stewardship programmes, and can have significant financial impacts on landholders by lowering livestock production and damaging sustainability. Some smaller macropods, wallabies and pademelons, also have a similar effect, especially in Tasmania and on other smaller Australian Islands where foxes are absent. Paradoxically, kangaroos have a wide range of potentially valuable production attributes and are unique, which should be a global comparative advantage. The kangaroo industry is established with a small domestic and international market, although demand has been falling in recent years. Non‐commercial culling is rising, which results in millions of carcasses being wasted and left to decompose in the field. Indigenous communities abhor such waste and its cultural implications. A stronger kangaroo industry would be a better solution to managing overabundant kangaroos than pest culling and exclusion fences. Because kangaroos move from property to property, populations need to be managed on a regional basis through ‘regional property‐based kangaroo production’. A form of proprietorship over this mobile resource would encourage landholders to play a role in creating greater demand for kangaroo products. They would have an incentive to raise the value of kangaroos. Through innovative harvesting, they could deliver high‐quality, environmentally branded, accurately described, gourmet, differentiated products integrated with other livestock industries. They could establish cooperatives and embark on promoting regional kangaroo products. Policy improvements are needed to achieve these production systems. Doing so would diversify their enterprises, convert a liability already on their properties into an asset, create employment, enhance rural economic resilience, and improve animal welfare and conservation outcomes while earning them carbon credits. These opportunities become even more profound as climate change progresses.
Harvesting Agile Wallabies for human consumption in the Northern Territory of Australia
Authors: Hunt Warren , Bedoya‐Perez Miguel , Geesink Geert , Van Den Heuvel Aaron , Mullen John , Frost David 
Published: November 2021

SummaryAgile Wallaby (Notamacropus agilis) has been in the diet of Aboriginal inhabitants of northern Australia for millennia. The species inhabits riparian zones and savannah woodlands, has a high rate of natural increase and can become pests in modified agricultural or plantation systems. Although the profitability of market‐based game harvesting appears marginal, local consumption could be incorporated into existing employment programmes on Aboriginal lands as a social enterprise. The legal environment is discussed, and further investigation and a trial as a pilot enterprise are recommended.
Trends of outcomes and healthcare utilization following orthopaedic procedures in adults with haemophilia: A 3‐decade retrospective review
Authors: Lin Chu Yang , Hosseini Farshad , Squire Sandra , Jackson Shannon , Sun Haowei (Linda) 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionHaemophilic arthropathy is a serious complication of haemophilia often requiring surgical intervention. It is unclear whether advances in comprehensive care are associated with a reduction in orthopaedic interventions and peri‐procedural resource utilization.AimTo determine temporal patterns of orthopaedic interventions in persons with haemophilia (PWH), and evaluate changes in healthcare utilization and outcomes.MethodsIn this Canadian multicentre retrospective cohort study, adult PWH from Northern Alberta and British Columbia who underwent orthopaedic procedures (1990‐2018) were included. Temporal changes in the type of procedures, length of stay (LOS), factor utilization and outcomes were examined.Results: Sixty‐five patients (78% haemophilia A) underwent 102 surgeries at a median age of 46.3. Of the 46 severe PWH, 28 (61%) were on prophylaxis at time of surgery. The proportion of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) declined over time (56% 1990–1999, 51% 2000–2009, 27% 2010–2018), with a concomitant rise in ankle arthrodesis (0% 1990–1999, 18% 2000–2009, 27% 2010–2018). Over time, PWH underwent orthopaedic procedures at an older age (P = .02). There was a significant reduction in perioperative factor VIII utilization (P = .003) and median LOS (P < .0001). Major bleeds, prosthetic joint infections and thrombosis were not observed in the last decade.ConclusionIn the last three decades, there was a decline in the proportion of TKA, likely reflecting the impact of widespread use of tertiary prophylaxis. However, ankle arthrodesis rates increased, suggesting that higher trough levels may be required to prevent ankle arthropathy. We observed a significant reduction in LOS and factor utilization, reflecting improvements in perioperative management.
Super responders to guselkumab treatment in moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis: a real clinical practice pilot series
Authors: Ruiz‐Villaverde Ricardo , Rodriguez‐Fernandez‐Freire Lourdes , Armario‐Hita Jose C. , Pérez‐Gil Amalia , Galán‐Gutiérrez Manuel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe term super responders defines a subset of patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis that present a rapid and higher rate of response to biological treatments in comparison to the general population. Little scientific evidence to explain the behavior and clinical characteristics of these psoriatic patients has been published thus far. Its characterization could be important to improve therapeutic optimization and to identify the profile of patients that will respond efficiently to biological treatments.ObjectivesThe main objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize the proportion of super‐responder patients (who achieved PASI = 0 at week 12 and 24) in a total of 87 patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis treated with guselkumab. Also, our intent was to analyze and evaluate differences in response to guselkumab in absolute PASI, PASI 75, PASI 90, PASI 100, BSA, VAS pruritus, and DLQI between groups.ResultsA total of 14 out of 87 patients treated with guselkumab were characterized as SR. No differences in demographic characteristics were found. The percentage of patients reaching PASI 75, PASI 90, and PASI 100 were numerically greater for SR than N‐SR at week 12, 24, 36, and 52. These differences were more pronounced for PASI 100 > PASI 90 > PASI 75. SR performed better and faster to guselkumab treatment as assessed by absolute PASI, BSA, VAS pruritus, and DLQI. Statistically significant differences were found in absolute PASI, BSA, VAS pruritus, and DLQI between groups along the 52 weeks of study. No differences in drug survival were found between groups (P = 0.3326).ConclusionOur study demonstrated for the first time, in a real clinical practice setting, the presence of a subpopulation of patients that super respond to guselkumab at week 12 and 24 and maintain this efficacy for 52 weeks. Further research must be performed to identify basal specific characteristics of this SR population.
IER3 (IEX‐1) dysregulation serves as a potential prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Ke Shandong , Zhang Xin , Xiang Xiuzhi , Lu Yalan , An Hongyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionImmediate early response 3 (IER3) has association with hematological malignancies’ risk and prognosis, such as myelodysplastic syndrome, while its relation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not clear. This study aimed to explore the correlation of IER3 with AML risk, clinical characteristics, complete remission (CR), event‐free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS).MethodsA total of 93 de novo AML patients were included in this study. In addition, 30 patients with non‐hyperplasia hematologic malignancies requiring bone marrow testing (as disease controls) and 30 health donors (as health controls) were also recruited. Bone morrow samples of AML patients (before treatment), disease controls (before treatment), and health controls (at donation) were collected. IER3 in bone marrow mononuclear cells was detected by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIER3 was increased in AML patients compared with disease controls and health donors (both P < .001), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that IER3 had certain capability of distinguishing AML patients from disease controls (area under curve (AUC): 0.735, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.650‐0.820), and health donors (AUC: 0.789, 95% CI: 0.712‐0.866). Meanwhile, IER3 was correlated with FLT3‐ITD mutation (P = .030) and poor NCCN risk stratification (P = .031) in AML patients. Moreover, IER3 had negative association with CR in AML patients (P = .022), and showed certain potential in discriminating CR patients from non‐CR patients (AUC: 0.655, 95% CI: 0.533‐0.777). Besides, IER3 was negatively associated with EFS (P = .033), but not OS (P = .083) in AML patients.ConclusionIER3 dysregulation serves as a potential prognostic factor in AML patients.
Responsibility and the Duty of Rescue
Authors: Miller David 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTWhat difference might it make to the duty of rescue if the victim is responsible for needing to be rescued? Having distinguished the natural duty of rescue owed as a result of a chance encounter from the artificial duties of rescue that may be created by agreement among participants in high‐risk activities, I examine three ways in which the victim's responsibility might lessen the stringency of the duty: by lowering the cost threshold above which rescue ceases to be a duty; by lessening the force of the duty when it competes with other duties of justice; and by making the duty unenforceable by third parties. I then consider different forms the victim's responsibility may take: simple negligence, deliberate risk taking, and engaging in wrongful behaviour. There are only two circumstances in which the duty of rescue is entirely eliminated as a duty: when by virtue of repeated risk taking, the victim unfairly imposes excessive costs on his rescuer, and when rescuing the victim would allow him to continue threatening harm to others. In other cases, however, responsibility considerations should qualify the natural duty of rescue: rescue should not be a responsibility‐free zone.
Identification of dissipative emissions for improved assessment of metal resources in life cycle assessment
Authors: Owsianiak Mikołaj , van Oers Lauran , Drielsma Johannes , Laurent Alexis , Hauschild Michael Z. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnvironmental dissipation is a novel approach to account for impacts from mineral resources. In contrast to all other resource‐related life cycle impact assessment methods, which use data on extractions as input to calculation of indicator scores, environmental dissipation is characterized solely through emissions to the environment. Making environmental dissipation work as a viable resource use impact category in life cycle assessment requires, however, that truly dissipative emissions are differentiated from those anthropogenic releases which do not contribute to loss of accessibility of a given resource over the time frame considered. We present a new method that allows for this differentiation to be made for 65 metals and metalloids in a consistent way. It determines (1) whether an emission flow reported in a life cycle inventory actually contributes to loss of accessibility of a given element when environmental fate mechanisms are considered, and (2) whether the element comes from a source that would be considered as a mineral resource for any generation living between the present and the time frame of assessment. We apply the new method to four different emission inventories, and characterize the resulting list of truly dissipative emissions using recently proposed long‐term environmental dissipation potentials (EDP). This highlights the need to differentiate dissipative emissions from other anthropogenic, potentially nondissipative emission flows of elements in metal resource impact assessment.
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities during the COVID‐19 lockdown in China
Authors: Yuan Y. Q. , Ding J. N. , Bi N. , Wang M. J. , Zhou S. C. , Wang X. L. , Zhang S. H. , Liu Y. , Roswal G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic, preliminary research has reported a significant decline in physical activity (PA) and an increase in sedentary behaviour (SB) among typically developed children and adolescents. Limited research has looked at the current situation of PA and SB during this pandemic among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study investigated the situations about PA and SB among school‐aged children and adolescents with ID on China's mainland during the COVID‐19 outbreak.MethodsIn total, 837 parents of children and adolescents (ages 6–18 years) with ID from 15 special education schools of Shandong Province in China were recruited through convenience sampling in the study. Parents reported PA and SB among children and adolescents with ID through the Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey‐Chinese version (CLASS‐C) online questionnaires.ResultsFrom parents' reports, Chinese children and adolescents with ID during the COVID‐19 pandemic participated in approximately 10 min of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity, and engaged in approximately 530 min of SB every day. Meanwhile, only 17.4% of children and adolescents with ID were able to achieve the recommendation of 60 min of daily moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and 76.1% of children and adolescents with ID spent more than 2 h on SB per day. Additionally, the problems of decrease PA and excessive SB were more prominent in older adolescents with ID compared with younger children with ID.ConclusionIn China, the low level of PA and high level of SB is particularly evident in children and adolescents with ID during the outbreak of COVID‐19. The great majority of children and adolescents with ID did not meet the recommended amount of PA while undergoing excessive SB under the long‐term home quarantine environment. Therefore, immediate attention and great effort should be made to deal with this severe situation among this vulnerable population in the mainland of China.
New‐onset cutaneous kaposi’s sarcoma following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Magri Francesca , Giordano Stefania , Latini Alessandra , Muscianese Marta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 is associated with several cutaneous manifestations, including chilbain‐like lesions, urticaria, erythema multiforme, and maculopapular lesions. Dermatoses may be directly linked to the viral infection or also represent a consequence of systemic therapies administrated for COVID‐19. A potential role of SARS‐CoV‐2 in triggering the reactivation of other viruses, such as HHV‐6, HHV‐7 and Epstein‐Barr virus has been hypothesized.ObjectiveTo better understand and hypothesize possible pathogenetic correlations of COVID‐19 with other dermatological conditions.MethodsWe report the case of an 83‐year‐old woman hospitalized in a nursing home for several years. On November 2020, the patient had been diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, with repeated positive swabs until January 2021. After a month, new‐onset asymptomatic cutaneous purplish macular lesions and violaceous patches occurred bilaterally on the feet.ResultsAn incisional cutaneous biopsy and the histological examination of the plantar lesion revealed the diagnosis of Kaposi Sarcoma.ConclusionWe report a unique case of new‐onset bilateral Kaposi's sarcoma following COVID‐19, speculating on a possible role of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the reactivation of human herpes virus‐8 (HHV‐8) infection.
Reliability of 3‐dimensional surface imaging of the face using a whole‐body surface scanner
Authors: Xu Ya , Frank Konstantin , Kohler Lukas , Ehrl Denis , Alfertshofer Michael , Giunta Riccardo Enzo , Moellhoff Nicholas , Cotofana Sebastian , Koban Konstantin Christoph 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo the knowledge of the authors, no data about the reproducibility and accuracy of 3‐dimensional surface imaging of the face using a whole‐body scanner are available. Thus, the objective of this investigation was to assess the reproducibility of facial scans acquired using a whole‐body imaging device.Material and MethodsThis investigation investigated 220 3‐D scans of a total of 22 healthy volunteers (with a mean age of 29.36 years). Two consecutive 3‐D images using a Vectra WB360 of the volunteers were obtained utilizing a whole‐body imaging device. Predefined distances in the face were performed in each scan and compared. Furthermore, surface deviation between two consecutively captured scans was assessed.ResultsThe distance with the smallest statistical significance was found to be at the nose with p = 0.998, while the biggest statistical significance was found in the midface with p = 0.658. The area with the biggest surface deviation between the superimposed scans was the neck with a root mean square (RMS) of 1.62 ± 1.71, and the area with the smallest surface deviation was the forehead with a RMS of 0.17 ± 0.05.ConclusionThe whole‐body imaging device investigated in this study can be utilized to capture the face and provides enough accuracy to compare scans. Even though not directly investigated, it can be hypothesized that the error caused by repositioning the patient between a baseline and a follow‐up scan will not be too big to consider measurements performed with the whole‐body imaging device as impractical.
Ovarian mass combined with pancreatic neoplasm in pregnancy: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Lee Young Joo , Kim So‐Woon , Kim Youngsun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA 35‐year‐old woman presented with abdominal discomfort at 26 weeks gestation. The magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a huge unilocular cystic mass with mural nodules originated from body and tail of pancreas. There was also a cystic mass in the left ovary with suppressed intensity on fat saturated image. One week later, she complained of worsening left lower abdominal pain and dyspnea as a new symptom. Hence, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and left ovarian cystectomy were performed. The huge cystic mass of pancreas was compressing the diaphragm, and left tubo‐ovarian torsion was observed. This is the second case wherein an MCN of the pancreas with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary caused different symptoms. The management of MCNs in pregnant women should consider multiple aspects such as the malignancy potential of imaging findings, severity of symptoms, and fetal well‐being.
What are the ethical issues involved in noninvasive prenatal testing in Japan?
Authors: Suzumori Nobuhiro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) of pregnant women has been performed worldwide since 2011, and it is currently performed in more than 90 countries. However, the rate of adoption in Japan remains at less than 2%. This review seeks to identify the ethical and practical issues surrounding noninvasive prenatal screening—including the purpose of the test, its pros and cons, issues surrounding fair treatment, and social factors—to better understand why the adoption rate remains low.MethodsThis study examines the complex ethical issues surrounding noninvasive prenatal testing, including the purpose of the test, its pros and cons, issues related to fair treatment, and social factors.ResultsAlthough cell‐free DNA analysis for common fetal trisomies using maternal blood is highly accurate, lack of access to such testing and discriminatory attitudes in society remain important barriers. Personal choices such as whether to undergo noninvasive prenatal screening and whether to continue a pregnancy are sometimes criticized by those who believe that it leads to the “selection of life” or discrimination against people with disabilities.ConclusionsObstetrics has changed dramatically in recent years, and prenatal diagnosis technology has also advanced. To keep up with these advances, better information should be provided to ensure the public has a more nuanced understanding of the screening beyond the overused argument that it leads to “selection of life.”
Dietary resveratrol alleviated lipopolysaccharide‐induced ileitis through Nrf2 and NF‐κB signalling pathways in ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: Yang Hao , Wang Yingjie , Jin Sanjun , Pang Qian , Shan Anshan , Feng Xingjun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGram‐negative bacteria contamination of feed can occur at all the stage of feed production, storage, transportation and utilization. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major toxic metabolite of Gram‐negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of dietary resveratrol on the duck ileitis caused by LPS and its optimum addition level in diet. The results showed that LPS‐induced duck ileitis with the destruction of intestinal structure, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response and permeability alteration. Dietary resveratrol alleviated LPS‐induced intestinal dysfunction and the increase of intestinal permeability by linearly increasing mRNA levels of tight junction protein genes (Claudin‐1, Occludin‐1, ZO‐1) (p < 0.05) and protein expression of Claudin‐1 (p < 0.01). In addition, dietary resveratrol improved the antioxidant capacity of duck ileum by reducing the production of MDA and increasing the activity of T‐SOD (p < 0.01) and CAT. Lipopolysaccharide increased Keap1 at mRNA and protein level (p < 0.01) and decreased the protein level of Nrf2 (p < 0.05). Dietary resveratrol significantly downregulated expression of Keap1 and upregulated expression of Nrf2 in duck (p < 0.05). Dietary resveratrol suppressed the TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway and the expression of its downstream genes including IKK, TXNIP, NLRP3, Caspase‐1, IL‐6 and IL‐18. Meanwhile, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐18 and TNF‐α) showed a linearly decrease (p < 0.01) with increasing dietary resveratrol level. These results demonstrated that resveratrol alleviated the LPS‐induced acute ileitis of duck through Nrf2 and NF‐κB signalling pathways, and the dietary resveratrol of 500 mg/kg is more efficiently.
Does moonlight affect movement patterns of a non‐obligate carnivore? Brown bears do not mind that the moon exists
Authors: Lamamy C. , Delgado M. M. , Kojola I. , Heikkinen S. , Penteriani V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMoonlight plays a significant role in prey–predator relationships. At full moon, predators' hunting success and activity rates generally increase. Even though the analysis of facultative carnivore movement patterns can improve our knowledge of how moonlight can change the behaviour of such a group of species with diverse ecological needs, few studies have been conducted with facultative carnivores and none with telemetric data. Here, we studied whether moonlight influences brown bear,Ursus arctos,movement behaviours. By analysing data collected from 2002 to 2014 for 71 collared individuals inhabiting Finland and Russian Karelia, we found that some internal and external factors are influencing brown bear movement patterns. In particular, this facultative carnivore moves more slowly and over shorter distances during hyperphagia periods than during the mating season. However, moonlight does not affect brown bear movements. Although brown bears are large carnivores, they are opportunistic omnivores with a high fruit diet and, therefore, the prey–predator relationships that are behind the dependence of carnivores on moonlight seem to be weaker than in obligate carnivores.