bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trocar site hernia after gastric sleeve
Authors: Ahlqvist Sandra , Edling Axel , Alm Magnus , Dackhammar Johan Blixt , Nordin Pär , Cengiz Yücel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopy is common in abdominal surgery. Trocar site hernia (TSH) is a most likely underestimated complication. Among risk factors, obesity, the use of larger trocars and the umbilical trocar site has been described. In a previous study, CT scan in the prone position was found to be a reliable method for the detection of TSH following gastric bypass (LRYGB). In the present study, our aim was to examine the incidence of TSH after gastric sleeve, and further to investigate the proportion of symptomatic trocar site hernias.

Methods
Seventy-nine patients subjected to laparoscopic gastric sleeve in 2011–2016 were examined using CT in the prone position upon a ring. Symptoms of TSH were assessed using a digital survey.

Results
The incidence of trocar site hernia was 17 out of 79 (21.5%), all at the umbilical trocar site. The mean follow-up time was 37 months. There was no significant correlation between patient symptoms and a TSH.

Conclusions
The incidence of TSH is high after laparoscopic gastric sleeve, a finding in line with several recent studies as well as with our first trial on trocar site hernia after LRYGB. Up to follow-up, none of the patients had been subjected to hernia repair. Although the consequence of a trocar site hernia can be serious, the proportion of symptomatic TSH needs to be more clarified.
Clinical outcomes after one anastomosis gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy in super-super-obese patients
Authors: Schmitz Sophia M.-T. , Alizai Patrick H. , Kroh Andreas , Schipper Sandra , Brozat Jonathan F. , Plamper Andreas , Neumann Ulf P. , Rheinwalt Karl , Ulmer Tom F. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery in super-super-obese (SSO) patients remains a continuous challenge due to intraabdominal fat masses, higher liver volume and existing comorbidities. A convenient procedure in SSO patients is one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of SSO patients undergoing OAGB in comparison to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed data from SSO patients who underwent OAGB and LSG in our institution between 2008 and 2020. Primary endpoints included percentage total body weight loss and percentage BMI loss at 12, 24, and 36 months after the operation. Secondary endpoints were perioperative complications, procedure length, length of hospital stay and outcome of comorbidities.

Results
243 patients were included in this study. 93 patients underwent LSG and 150 underwent OAGB. At any of the time points evaluated, weight loss in patients after OAGB was greater than in LSG patients, while procedure length was significantly shorter for OAGB than LSG (81.4 vs. 92.1 min, p-value < 0.001). Additionally, mean length of hospital stay was shorter in the OAGB group (3.4 vs. 4.5 days, p-value < 0.001). There were more severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3a) in the LSG group (11.8% vs 2.7%, p-value = 0.005).

Conclusion
In this retrospective analysis, OAGB was superior to LSG in terms of weight loss in SSO patients. Procedure length and hospital stay were shorter after OAGB in comparison to LSG and there were fewer severe complications. OAGB can therefore be regarded a safe and effective treatment modality for SSO patients.
Imaging diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ogawa Hiroshi , Takehara Yasuo , Naganawa Shinji 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a pancreatic phenotype of IgG4-related systemic disease. Since its first description in the literature, characteristic imaging features have gradually become known to many clinicians encompassing various specialties in the past quarter century. CT and MRI have been the workhorses for imaging diagnosis of AIP. Typical features include sausage-like swelling of the focal or entire pancreas, duct-penetrating sign, a capsule-like rim of the affected lesions, and homogeneous delayed enhancement or enhanced duct sign after contrast administration, as well as characteristic combined findings reflecting coexisting pathologies in the other organs as a systemic disease. In this review, recent and future developments in CT and MRI that may help diagnose AIP are discussed, including restricted diffusion and perfusion and increased elasticity measured using MR.
Structural performance of automated multi-depth shuttle warehouses (AMSWs) under low-to-moderate seismic actions
Authors: Kondratenko Aleksei , Kanyilmaz Alper , Castiglioni Carlo Andrea , Morelli Francesco , Kohrangi Mohsen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutomated Multi-Depth Shuttle Warehouses (AMSWs) are compact storage systems that provide a large surface occupation and therefore maximum storage density. AMSWs represent the future of storage technology, providing substantial savings in terms of cost, space, and energy with respect to traditional warehouses. Currently, designers refer to the standard building codes for the seismic design of AMSWs. Since structural characteristics of AMSWs are considerably different from the steel structures of typical buildings, this current approach used by designers is questionable in terms of safety and efficiency. In this article, the behavior of 5 AMSW structures has been studied performing 150 time-history analyses by direct integration including P-Delta effects. Demand/capacity ratios calculated for each element showed the dominance of the brittle failure mechanism in AMSWs subjected to low-to-moderate seismic actions. These mechanisms mainly took place in upright columns and their base connections prior to the activation of ductile energy dissipation mechanisms of the structure. Based on the results, further improvements have been recommended for the future design provisions, which may lead to a safer seismic design of AMSWs.
Brouwer’s satellite solution redux
Authors: Lara Martin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBrouwer’s solution to the artificial satellite problem is revisited. We show that the complete Hamiltonian reduction is rather achieved in the plain Poincaré’s style, through a single canonical transformation, than using a sequence of partial reductions based on von Zeipel’s alternative for dealing with perturbed degenerate Hamiltonian systems. Beyond the theoretical interest of the new approach as regards the complete reduction of perturbed Keplerian motion, we also show that a solution based on a single set of corrections may yield computational benefits in the implementation of an analytic orbit propagator.
A Joint-space Position Control-based Approach to Haptic Rendering of Stiff Objects using Gain Scheduling
Authors: Wang Yang , Feng Lei , Andersson Kjell 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHaptic rendering often deals with interactions between stiff objects. A traditional way of force computing models the interaction using a spring-damper system, which suffers from stability issues when the desired stiffness is high. Instead of computing a force, this paper continues to explore shifting the focus to rendering an interaction with no penetration, which can be accomplished by using a position controller in the joint space using the encoders as feedback directly. In order to make this approach easily adaptable to any device, an alternative way to model the dynamics of the device is also presented, which is to linearize a detailed simulation model. As a family of linearized models is used to approximate the full dynamic model of the system, it is important to have a smooth transition between multiple sets of controller gains generated based on these models. Gain scheduling is introduced to improve the performance in certain areas and a comparison among three controllers is conducted in a simulation setup.
Antibacterial activity, bio-compatibility and osteogenic differentiation of graphene oxide coating on 3D-network poly-ether-ether-ketone for orthopaedic implants
Authors: Guo Cui , Lu Ran , Wang Xin , Chen Su 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPoly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) has attracted increasing attention as a promising orthopaedic implant material owing to its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, its antibacterial properties must be improved as an implant material. In this study, PEEK was sulfonated to obtain a porous surface, and graphene oxide (GO) was deposited to form a coating with antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. After PEEK was sulfonated for different durations, GO was deposited on the surface to prepare the coating (SPEEK-GO), which was then characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The in vitro study included antimicrobial and cellular tests. The results showed that the PEEK sulfonated using a 10-min treatment exhibited a uniform porous structure and provided a better basal surface for the deposition of GO. The SPEEK-GO coating displayed strong antibacterial activity against two common dental pathogens. It exhibited good adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1. Moreover, it showed osteogenic differentiation as bone implant material.
Semantics Processing of Conditional Connectives: German wenn ‘if’ Versus nur wenn ‘only if’
Authors: Liu Mingya , Barthel Mathias 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the meaning and processing of the German conditional connectives (CCs) such aswenn‘if’ andnur wenn‘only if’ are investigated. In Experiment 1, participants read short scenarios containing a conditional sentence (i.e., If P, Q.) withwenn/nur wenn‘if/only if’ and a confirmed or negated antecedent (i.e., P/not-P), and subsequently completed the final sentence about Q (with or without negation). In Experiment 2, participants rated the truth or falsity of the consequent Q after reading a conditional sentence withwennornur wennand a confirmed or negated antecedent (i.e., If P, Q. P/not-P. // Therefore, Q?). Both experiments showed that neitherwennnornur wennwere interpreted as biconditional CCs. Modus Ponens (If P, Q. P. // Therefore, Q) was validated forwenn, whereas it was not validated in the case ofnur wenn. While Denial of the Antecedent (If P, Q. not-P. // Therefore, not-Q.) was validated in the case ofnur wenn, it was not validated forwenn. The same method was used to testwennvs.unter der Bedingung, dass‘on condition that’ in Experiment 3, andwennvs.vorausgesetzt, dass‘provided that’ in Experiment 4. Experiment 5, using Affirmation of the Consequent (If P, Q. Q. // Therefore, P.) to testwennvs.nur wennreplicated the results of Experiment 2. Taken together, the results show that in German,unter der Bedingung, dassis the most likely candidate of biconditional CCs whereas all others are not biconditional. The findings, in particular ofnur wennnot being semantically biconditional, are discussed based on available formal analyses of conditionals.
Concentration Inequalities on the Multislice and for Sampling Without Replacement
Authors: Sambale Holger , Sinulis Arthur 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present concentration inequalities on the multislice which are based on (modified) log-Sobolev inequalities. This includes bounds for convex functions and multilinear polynomials. As an application, we show concentration results for the triangle count in the G(n, M) Erdős–Rényi model resembling known bounds in the G(n, p) case. Moreover, we give a proof of Talagrand’s convex distance inequality for the multislice. Interpreting the multislice in a sampling without replacement context, we furthermore present concentration results for n out of N sampling without replacement. Based on a bounded difference inequality involving the finite-sampling correction factor $$1 - (n / N)$$

1
-
(
n
/
N
)

, we present an easy proof of Serfling’s inequality with a slightly worse factor in the exponent, as well as a sub-Gaussian right tail for the Kolmogorov distance between the empirical measure and the true distribution of the sample.
Masks, Mingling and Magic: Gibberish Law in the Age of Covid
Authors: Ward Ian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe experience of Covid-19 has taught us many things, not least the consequence of what John Milton termed ‘gibberish law’. Law drafted amidst the ‘throng and noises of irrational men’. The closer purpose of this article is the attempt to regulate ‘gatherings’ during the coronavirus pandemic, including the re-invention of a bespoke crime of ‘mingling’. A jurisprudential curiosity which, it will be suggested, is symptomatic of a broader malaise. An assault on the integrity of the rule of law which is only too familiar; much, it might be said, like the arrival of a pandemic. The first part of the article will revisit three particular gatherings, in part to debunk the myth of the unprecedented. But also to introduce some themes, literal and figurative, of masking and muddle. The conjuring of what Shakespeare called ‘rough magic’. The second part of the article will then take a closer look at the jurisprudential consequence of this conjuration. The final part will venture some larger concerns, about the crisis of parliamentary democracy in the ‘age of Covid’.
High doses of dexamethasone induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis by promoting calcium ion influx-dependent CHOP expression in osteoblasts
Authors: Guo Yunshan , Hao Dingjun , Hu Huimin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The long-term use of dexamethasone (Dex), a well-known immunosuppressant, leads to an imbalance in bone metabolism and rapid decline of bone mineral density due to apoptosis of osteoblasts. The molecular mechanisms by which Dex induces osteoblast apoptosis remain unclear.

Materials and methods
MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 0, 10−8, 10−6, and 10−4 M Dex for 24 h. ATF6, phosphorylated PERK, PERK, phosphorylated IRE1, and IRE1 expression, cell apoptosis, and caspase-12 and caspase-3 activity were measured. CHOP expression and calcium ion influx rate were measured in cells treated with 0 and 10−4 M Dex for 24 h. The effect of 2-APB treatment was assessed in cells treated with 0 or 10−4 M Dex.

Results
Levels of ATF6 and phosphorylated PERK and IRE1 increased in a dose-dependent manner in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 10−8, 10−6, and 10−4 M Dex, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Cells treated with 10−6 and 10−4 M Dex had significantly increased apoptotic rates and caspase-12 and caspase-3 activities (P < 0.05). Cells treated with 10−4 M Dex had significantly increased CHOP levels and calcium ion influx rates (P < 0.05). Combined treatment with 10−4 M Dex and 2-APB abrogated the observed increases in cell apoptosis and caspase-12 and caspase-3 activities (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
High doses of Dex induce CHOP expression by promoting calcium ion influx-dependent induction of ATF6, phosphorylated PERK and phosphorylated IRE1, which induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in osteoblasts. 2-APB protects the osteoblasts from the effects of Dex, preventing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.
Herencia medieval y neologismo en el léxico cromático de textos historiográficos en el siglo de Oro según el Corpus diacrónico del español
Authors: Cáceres-Lorenzo María-Teresa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe main objective of this investigation is to examine with textual support the use of the vocabulary of color during the Golden Period through the investigation that it is a medieval heritage or a neologism. This chromatic terminology was little used during the thirteenth century and in the following centuries its use is multiplied by the communication needs of a society that demands descriptive information on many social, cultural and economic issues, as happens with historiographic documents. To this end, a quantitative investigation has been designed in three phases: (a) search for chromatic voices that designate six selected colors; (b) determination of the first documentation of this group of voices; and (c) quantitative analysis to find a trend regarding the silver duality. For the search of these empirical references, the Diachronic Corpus of Spanish has been used as a data bank to collect textual examples on the chromatic vocabulary extracted from different historiographic sources. The result is the presentation of 100 terms with their respective empirical testimonies that reflect the continuity of the medieval heritage in the colors white, black and red, while formal neologisms are very frequent for the rest.
The Long Road to Shared PCK: a Science Teacher’s Personal Journey
Authors: Vázquez-Bernal Bartolomé , Mellado Vicente , Jiménez-Pérez Roque 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Teachers’ development can be seen as a dialog between their reflective thinking and their actions, with an added gradient of complexity from their social interactions. All of these elements are conjugated within their classroom practice, with their Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) as theoretical background. This paper analyzes the case of a secondary education science teacher’s development over different periods, with a focus on classroom atmosphere, social organization and problem-based interactions, the influence of the topic being taught, and the teacher’s participation in an Action-Research group. The sources of information included the teacher’s diaries, questionnaires, interviews, ethnographic records, and extracts from videotaped sessions of her lessons. The data analysis for the areas of reflection and of action was approached with methodological plurality. Although these two fields of study (reflection and action) share essential aspects, they presented subtle differences, with reflection being more fully developed than action in the classroom, and the contribution of the Action-Research group to the teacher’s development was important, but less so than her professional command of the content. Two underlying obstacles deeply rooted in the teacher’s thinking and actions impregnate her classroom interactions: classroom competitiveness, and the use of excessively rigid activities.
Estimating the Impact of Covid-19 and Policy Responses on Australian Income Distribution Using Incomplete Data
Authors: Li Jinjing , Vidyattama Yogi , La Hai Anh , Miranti Riyana , Sologon Denisa M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper undertakes a near real-time analysis of the income distribution effects of the Covid-19 crisis in Australia to understand the ongoing changes in the income distribution as well as the impact of policy responses. By semi-parametrically combining incomplete observed data from three different sources–the monthly Longitudinal Labour Force Survey, the Survey of Income and Housing and administrative payroll data–we estimate the impact of Covid-19 on the Australian income distribution and decompose its impact into the income shock effect and the policy effect between February and June 2020, covering the immediate periods before and after the initial Covid-19 outbreak. Our results suggest that, despite growth in unemployment, the Gini coefficient of equivalised household disposable income dropped by more than 0.02 points between February and June 2020. This reduction is due to the additional wage subsidies and welfare supports offered as part of the policy response, offsetting the increase in income inequality from the income shock effect. The results shows the effectiveness of temporary policy measures both in maintaining living standards and avoiding increases in income inequality. However, the heavy reliance on the support measures shown in the modelling raises the possibility that the changes in the income distribution may be reversed, or even that inequality and living standards could substantially worsen once the measures are withdrawn.
The Emirates Mars Ultraviolet Spectrometer (EMUS) for the EMM Mission
Authors: Holsclaw Gregory M. , Deighan Justin , Almatroushi Hessa , Chaffin Mike , Correira John , Evans J. Scott , Fillingim Matthew , Hoskins Alan , Jain Sonal K. , Lillis Robert , Lootah Fatma Hussain , McPhate Jason B. , Siegmund Oswald H. W. , Soufli Regina , Tyagi Kush 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) Hope probe was launched on 20 July 2020 at 01:58 GST (Gulf Standard Time) and entered orbit around Mars on 9 Feb 2021 at 19:42 GST. The high-altitude orbit (19,970 km periapse, 42,650 km apoapse altitude, 25° inclination) with a 54.5 hour period enables a unique, synoptic, and nearly-continuous monitor of the Mars global climate. The Emirates Mars Ultraviolet Spectrometer (EMUS), one of three remote sensing instruments carried by Hope, is an imaging ultraviolet spectrograph, designed to investigate how conditions throughout the Mars atmosphere affect rates of atmospheric escape, and how key constituents in the exosphere behave temporally and spatially. EMUS will target two broad regions of the Mars upper atmosphere: 1) the thermosphere (100–200 km altitude), observing UV dayglow emissions from hydrogen (102.6, 121.6 nm), oxygen (130.4, 135.6 nm), and carbon monoxide (140–170 nm) and 2) the exosphere (above 200 km altitude), observing bound and escaping hydrogen (121.6 nm) and oxygen (130.4 nm).EMUS achieves high sensitivity across a wavelength range of 100–170 nm in a single optical channel by employing “area-division” or “split” coatings of silicon carbide (SiC) and aluminum magnesium fluoride (Al+MgF2) on each of its two optical elements. The EMUS detector consists of an open-face (windowless) microchannel plate (MCP) stack with a cesium iodide (CsI) photocathode and a photon-counting, cross-delay line (XDL) anode that enables spectral-spatial imaging. A single spherical telescope mirror with a 150 mm focal length provides a 10.75° field of view along two science entrance slits, selectable with a rotational mechanism. The high and low resolution (HR, LR) slits have angular widths of 0.18° and 0.25° and spectral widths of 1.3 nm and 1.8 nm, respectively. The spectrograph uses a Rowland circle design, with a toroidally-figured diffraction grating with a laminar groove profile and a ruling density of 936 gr mm−1 providing a reciprocal linear dispersion of 2.65 nm mm−1. The total instrument mass is 22.3 kg, and the orbit-average power is less than 15 W.
Influence of Elevated Temperature and Pressure on Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Potassium Ferrate(VI)
Authors: Thomas Maciej , Drzewicz Przemysław , Więckol-Ryk Angelika , Panneerselvam Balamurugan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe significant problem is the treatment of landfill leachate characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) and presence of biodegradation inhibitors such as heavy metals and oily substances. For the case of landfill leachate (pH 7.9, color 1550 mg Pt/L, COD 1880 mg O2/L, TOC 620 mg/L, total nitrogen (TN) 220 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) 6 mg/L and heavy metals), the effect of elevated pressure and temperature on the decrease COD value by potassium ferrate(VI) (K2FeO4) was investigated. Taguchi method (TM) was employed for optimizing the treatment process parameters (repetition, pH, K2FeO4 concentration, time, temperature, and pressure). Maximizing the criterion function of signal-to-noise (S/N), the optimal parameters were determined: pH 3.5, K2FeO4 2.0 g/L, time 45 min, temperature 30 °C, and pressure of 1 MPa. At optimal conditions, a decrease of color, COD, TOC, and TP was above 91%. Additionally, the decrease of TN was 48.2%. Comparatively, at atmospheric pressure (0.1013 MPa) and at 19 °C, the decrease of color, COD, TOC, TP, and TN was 99.9%, 83.0%, 79.0%, 19.1%, and 100%, respectively. Addition of potassium ferrate(VI) may improve organic compound removal and decreases energy consumption in subcritical water oxidation.
Graphical abstract