bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep inadequacy and incident cardiovascular disease among adults in Greece
Authors: Fountoulakis PN , Terzoudi A , Tsiptsios D , Triantafyllis AS , Matziridis A , Leontidou E , Manolis A , Tsamakis K , Ouranidis A , Steiropoulos P , Vorvolakos T , Tripsianis G 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Sleep disorders are an emerging and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Purpose
The aim of our study was to investigate potential associations between sleep insufficiency and incident CVD.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 957 participants, (mean age 49.62 ± 14.79) from the region of Thrace, Greece were enrolled and classified into three groups [short (&lt;6 h), normal (6-8 h) and long (&gt;8 h) sleep duration]. CVD was assessed by a positive response to the following questions: "Have you been told by a doctor that you have had a heart attack or angina (chest pain or exertion that is relieved by medication)?" or "Have you been told by a doctor that you have had a stroke?". Participants’ sleep quality was estimated with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Athens Insomnia Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Berlin Questionnaire.

Results
The overall prevalence of CVD was 9.5%. The population with CVD exhibited reduced sleep duration and efficiency reduced by 33 min and 10%, respectively. After adjusting for all possible cofounders, short sleep duration was 3.07-times more frequent in patients with CVD and sleep duration of less than 5:33 hours could be a potential risk factor for CVD, especially among females. Additionally, CVD was significantly associated with excessive increased daytime sleepiness, insomnia, poor sleep quality and increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea.
Conclusion(s): Our study depicts a strong correlation of sleep insufficiency with CVD and promotes early pharmacological or cognitive behavioral interventions in order to protect cardiovascular health. Abstract Figure. Results
Metabolic outcome analysis of patients with and without diabetes mellitus undergoing cardiac rehabilitation for ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Mannion J , Nagle N , Spelman D , Brassill MJ 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
Patients with T2DM have reduced benefit from cardiac rehabilitation compared to non-diabetics. Additionally, diabetics are less likely to follow up after rehab completion. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommend the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues for T2DM with coronary artery disease. Both classes reduce all-cause mortality, improve HbA1C and obesity.

Purpose
We analysed our cardiac rehab population, comparing outcomes of patients with T2DM to those without; additionally, we appraised outcomes of new agents compared to prior standard care.

Methods
180 patients were analysed, 90 diabetics and 90 non-diabetics. Data from 2016-2020 was reviewed. Sub-analysis was performed on those treated with SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 analogues.
Statistics performed on IBM SPSS v.26.

Results
Data points are displayed in Table 1.
Patients on GLP-1/SGLT2 therapy comprised 14.44% (n = 13) of diabetics. Prescription of these agents increased from 0% in 2016 to 45% in 2020. Mean BMI loss in this group was comparable to non-diabetics, at 0.3615 kg/m2.

Conclusions
HTN and obesity was higher in diabetics, with lower total cholesterol - possibly explained by earlier recognition and treatment. BMI loss for non-diabetics was 2.13 times that of diabetics (0.362 kg/m2 vs 0.171 kg/m2, p = 0.2), but comparable to those on SGLT2 or GLP-1 therapy (0.3615 kg/m2). Use of these agents increased significantly as robust data became available. Table 1CategoryNon-Diabetics (Mean)Diabetics (Mean)P-ValueAge (Years)66.1 (SD +/- 8.73)67.73 (SD +/- 8.88)0.21Sex (Male)58%54%0.41Smoker or Ex25%27.7%0.52PCI (% of total)78%82%0.48CABG (% of total)22%18%0.74Cholesterol (mmol/L)4.21 (SD +/- 1.29)3.57 (SD +/- 0.9)&lt;0.001BMI (kg/m2)- Prior27.56 (SD +/- 3.11)31.76 (SD +/- 5.89)&lt;0.001BMI (kg/m2)- Post27.19 (SD +/- 3.13)30.98 (SD +/- 6.16)&lt;0.001Change in BMI0.363 (SD +/- 0.525)0.171 (SD +/- 1.33)0.21Resting Heart Rate - Prior73.32 (SD +/- 10.75)76.94 (SD +/- 13.22)0.059Resting Heart Rate - Post69.46 (SD +/- 10.01)75.29 (SD +/- 11.21)&lt;0.001Systolic BP (mmHg) - Prior141.9 (SD +/- 18.89)150.5 (SD +/- 18.87)0.0026Systolic BP (mmHG) - Post135.2 (SD +/- 17.65)140 (SD +/- 19.26)0.07Comparison of baseline demographics and metabolic data of those with diabetes mellitus to those without.
Prognostically relevant periprocedural myocardial injury and infarction associated with percutaneous coronary interventions: a Consensus Document of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart and European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI)
Authors: Bulluck Heerajnarain , Paradies Valeria , Barbato Emanuele , Baumbach Andreas , Bøtker Hans Erik , Capodanno Davide , De Caterina Raffaele , Cavallini Claudio , Davidson Sean M , Feldman Dmitriy N , Ferdinandy Péter , Gili Sebastiano , Gyöngyösi Mariann , Kunadian Vijay , Ooi Sze-Yuan , Madonna Rosalinda , Marber Michael , Mehran Roxana , Ndrepepa Gjin , Perrino Cinzia , Schüpke Stefanie , Silvain Johanne , Sluijter Joost P G , Tarantini Giuseppe , Toth Gabor G , Van Laake Linda W , von Birgelen Clemens , Zeitouni Michel , Jaffe Allan S , Thygesen Kristian , Hausenloy Derek J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A substantial number of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) experience periprocedural myocardial injury or infarction. Accurate diagnosis of these PCI-related complications is required to guide further management given that their occurrence may be associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Due to lack of scientific data, the cut-off thresholds of post-PCI cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation used for defining periprocedural myocardial injury and infarction, have been selected based on expert consensus opinions, and their prognostic relevance remains unclear. In this Consensus Document from the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart and European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), we recommend, whenever possible, the measurement of baseline (pre-PCI) cTn and post-PCI cTn values in all CCS patients undergoing PCI. We confirm the prognostic relevance of the post-PCI cTn elevation &gt;5× 99th percentile URL threshold used to define type 4a myocardial infarction (MI). In the absence of periprocedural angiographic flow-limiting complications or electrocardiogram (ECG) and imaging evidence of new myocardial ischaemia, we propose the same post-PCI cTn cut-off threshold (&gt;5× 99th percentile URL) be used to define prognostically relevant ‘major’ periprocedural myocardial injury. As both type 4a MI and major periprocedural myocardial injury are strong independent predictors of all-cause mortality at 1 year post-PCI, they may be used as quality metrics and surrogate endpoints for clinical trials. Further research is needed to evaluate treatment strategies for reducing the risk of major periprocedural myocardial injury, type 4a MI, and MACE in CCS patients undergoing PCI.
Lipocalins in Arthropod Chemical Communication
Authors: Zhu Jiao , Iannucci Alessio , Dani Francesca Romana , Knoll Wolfgang , Pelosi Paolo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Lipocalins represent one of the most successful superfamilies of proteins. Most of them are extracellular carriers for hydrophobic ligands across aqueous media, but other functions have been reported. They are present in most living organisms including bacteria. In animals they have been identified in mammals, molluscs, and arthropods; sequences have also been reported for plants. A subgroup of lipocalins, referred to as odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), mediate chemical communication in mammals by ferrying specific pheromones to the vomeronasal organ. So far, these proteins have not been reported as carriers of semiochemicals in other living organisms; instead chemical communication in arthropods is mediated by other protein families structurally unrelated to lipocalins. A search in the databases has revealed extensive duplication and differentiation of lipocalin genes in some species of insects, crustaceans, and chelicerates. Their large numbers, ranging from a handful to few dozens in the same species, their wide divergence, both within and between species, and their expression in chemosensory organs suggest that such expansion may have occurred under environmental pressure, thus supporting the hypothesis that lipocalins may be involved in chemical communication in arthropods.
Size-selective competition between cod and pelagic fisheries for prey
Authors: Kulatska Nataliia , Woods Pamela J , Elvarsson Bjarki Þór , Bartolino Valerio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Predators often predate on a limited size range of prey, which may or may not overlap with size ranges of same prey targeted by fisheries. When they do overlap, the effect of competition over that prey is immediate, as the predator removes prey, which are at the same time suitable for the fishery. However, if the predator consumes the same prey species as the fishery, but targets smaller prey sizes, this predation on smaller sizes may result in a potential loss of future, rather than current, fishing opportunities. Comparative analyses of predator size preference and fisheries selectivity are scarce, despite their relevance in the context of integrated management of fish populations. We evaluated how size-selective cod predation influences the dynamics of sprat and herring in the Baltic Sea, as well as the competition with pelagic fisheries through immediate and delayed effects. We found a large overlap (30–60%) between prey lengths targeted by cod and fisheries, which was largest in the 1970s–1980s, when cod had higher abundance and was larger in size. Cod generally consumes herring and sprat, which are smaller than those caught by the fisheries, causing both immediate and delayed effects on prey biomass available for the fisheries.
The use of SNOMED CT, 2013-2020: a literature review
Authors: Chang Eunsuk , Mostafa Javed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective
This article reviews recent literature on the use of SNOMED CT as an extension of Lee et al’s 2014 review on the same topic. The Lee et al’s article covered literature published from 2001-2012, and the scope of this review was 2013-2020.

Materials and Methods
In line with Lee et al’s methods, we searched the PubMed and Embase databases and identified 1002 articles for review, including studies from January 2013 to September 2020. The retrieved articles were categorized and analyzed according to SNOMED CT focus categories (ie, indeterminate, theoretical, pre-development, implementation, and evaluation/commodity), usage categories (eg, illustrate terminology systems theory, prospective content coverage, used to classify or code in a study, retrieve or analyze patient data, etc.), medical domains, and countries.

Results
After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 622 articles were selected for final review. Compared to the papers published between 2001 and 2012, papers published between 2013 and 2020 revealed an increase in more mature usage of SNOMED CT, and the number of papers classified in the “implementation” and “evaluation/commodity” focus categories expanded. When analyzed by decade, papers in the “pre-development,” “implementation,” and “evaluation/commodity” categories were much more numerous in 2011-2020 than in 2001-2010, increasing from 169 to 293, 30 to 138, and 3 to 65, respectively.

Conclusion
Published papers in more mature usage categories have substantially increased since 2012. From 2013 to present, SNOMED CT has been increasingly implemented in more practical settings. Future research should concentrate on addressing whether SNOMED CT influences improvement in patient care.
Logistification and Hyper-Precarity at the Intersection of Migration and Pandemic Governance: Refugees in the Turkish Labour Market
Authors: Nimer Maissam , Rottmann Susan Beth 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article analyses the governance of migration and the Covid-19 pandemic on precarious Syrian refugees in Istanbul. Drawing from a review of state policies and interviews with refugees before and after the pandemic, we argue that the intersecting governance of migration and the pandemic compounded inequalities. While refugees initially lost their employment without notice in lockdown periods, their partial lifting revealed unequal expectations towards their labour, as they were reincorporated within even more hyper-precarious labour relations. Unlike citizens who were somewhat protected by the state, refugees were under the limited care of international funders and subject to the whims of the market. Pandemic governance resulted in increased hyper-precarity and the need to rely on individual coping mechanisms for refugees. This research shows how shifting inclusion and exclusion shapes refugees' hyper-precarity related to Covid-19 governance, transforming Syrians into ‘market buffers’ to prevent or delay bankruptcies.
Emission lines from X-ray illuminated accretion disc in black hole binaries
Authors: Mondal Santanu , Adhikari Tek P , Singh Chandra B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
X-ray flux from the inner hot region around central compact object in a binary system illuminates the upper surface of an accretion disc and it behaves like a corona. This region can be photoionized by the illuminating radiation, and thus can emit different emission lines. We study those line spectra in black hole X-ray binaries for different accretion flow parameters including its geometry. The varying range of model parameters captures maximum possible observational features. We also put light on the routinely observed Fe-line emission properties based on different model parameters, ionization rate, and Fe abundances. We find that the Fe-line equivalent width WE decreases with increasing disc accretion rate and increases with the column density of the illuminated gas. Our estimated line properties are in agreement with observational signatures.
N-body simulations of dark matter with frequent self-interactions
Authors: Fischer Moritz S , Brüggen Marcus , Schmidt-Hoberg Kai , Dolag Klaus , Kahlhoefer Felix , Ragagnin Antonio , Robertson Andrew 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) models have the potential to solve the small-scale problems that arise in the cold dark matter paradigm. Simulations are a powerful tool for studying SIDM in the context of astrophysics, but it is numerically challenging to study differential cross-sections that favour small-angle scattering (as in light-mediator models). Here, we present a novel approach to model frequent scattering based on an effective drag force, which we have implemented into the N-body code gadget-3. In a range of test problems, we demonstrate that our implementation accurately models frequent scattering. Our implementation can be used to study differences between SIDM models that predict rare and frequent scattering. We simulate core formation in isolated dark matter haloes, as well as major mergers of galaxy clusters and find that SIDM models with rare and frequent interactions make different predictions. In particular, frequent interactions are able to produce larger offsets between the distribution of galaxies and dark matter in equal-mass mergers.
O10 Characteristics of patients who discontinued baricitinib treatment within 12 months and reasons for discontinuation: real-world data
Authors: Lwin May Nwe , Holroyd Christopher , Edwards Christopher J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background/Aims
Baricitinib is an oral targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (tsDMARD) recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK for severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) either as mono- or combination therapy. We wanted to observe the frequency of discontinuation in a real-world setting, the characteristics of patients who stop taking baricitinib, and the reasons for discontinuation. Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients who discontinue baricitinib treatment and the reasons for discontinuation.
Methods
A real-world retrospective observational study of baricitinib use in RA patients at University Hospital Southampton using local advanced therapy database for data collection. We described the characteristics of patients discontinuing baricitinib therapy and divided patients into two groups. Group 1 (those who discontinued therapy within the first 12 months of use) and group 2 (who continued therapy beyond 12 months)
Results
From October 2017 to July 2020, a total of 83 patients started baricitinib and were recorded in the database, 55 (66.27%) remain on treatment to date. Among 28 (33.74%) patients who stopped baricitinib, 21 had stopped within 12 months. The reasons for discontinuation were lack of efficacy (64.28%) and AEs (28.57% - 1 tooth infection, 1 urinary tract infection, 1 discitis, 2 chest infection, 1 personality change, 1 deranged liver function and 1 lymphoma). In group 1, the mean (±SD) age was 49.00 (13.65) years, 66.67% were female and 85.71% were previously biologic inadequate responders (IR), 42.86% were receiving monotherapy, with 57.14% being on combination therapy with a csDMARD and 9.52% were using a glucocorticoid. In group 2, 82.26% were female, 61.52 (10.94) years of age and 83.87% were previously biologic IR, 41.94% were on monotherapy and 58.06% on combination therapy with a csDMARD. Patients who discontinued appeared more likely to be younger and male. However, there was no significant difference regarding mono- or combination therapy, disease duration or seropositivity (p-value &gt; 0.05) (Table 1).
Conclusion
In a real-world setting, baricitinib appears efficacious and well-tolerated in the first year of use by two-thirds of patients. Characteristics such as older age and female gender were associated with continued use.
Disclosure
M. Lwin: None. C. Holroyd: Honoraria; Lily. Member of speakers’ bureau; Lily. C.J. Edwards: Honoraria; Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celgene, Fresenius, GSK, Janssen, Lilly, Mundipharma, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, UCB. Member of speakers’ bureau; Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, Sanofi, Pfizer, Roche. Grants/research support; Abbvie, Biogen, Pfizer.
O14 Frequency and site of clinically unsuspected synovitis on whole-body MRI in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Choida Varvara , Ciurtin Coziana , Bray Timothy J P , Sen Debajit , Fisher Corinne , Leandro Maria , Hall-Craggs Margaret A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background/Aims
Magnetic resonance imaging can facilitate the diagnosis of JIA, but is also increasingly used for monitoring disease activity in individual joints. This prospective study aims to measure the frequency of subclinical synovitis on whole-body MRI, in adolescent patients with JIA.
Methods
JIA patients were recruited from a tertiary adolescent and young adult rheumatology clinic, between September 2019 and August 2020. All patients were examined by a senior rheumatology registrar, before undergoing a contrast enhanced whole-body MRI scan. Patients were assigned to a clinically active or inactive group, depending on their active joint count (AJC); active patients had AJC≥ 1, while the clinically inactive patients had an AJC =0. The post-contrast, water-only mDixon images were assessed for synovitis by one radiologist, blinded to clinical information. Only joints that were definitely abnormal were counted as synovitic. Eighty-one joints per patient were examined with both methods. The presence of subclinical synovitis in a patient was defined as synovitis in one or more joints on MRI, which were not active clinically.
Results
Thirty-two patients aged 15 to 24 were included in the analysis. The patient characteristics and the frequency of subclinical synovitis are summarised in the table. Subclinical synovitis was detected in a similar proportion of JIA patients in both active and inactive groups (46.7% vs. 41.2%, P = 0.76). The most frequent region with subclinical synovitis was the hindfoot, detected in 22% (7/32) of JIA patients and 17.2% (11/64) of hindfoot joints assessed by MRI. The second most common joint with clinically unsuspected inflammation was the knee, found in 19% (6/32) of JIA patients and 14% (9/64) knee joints. Similarly, 16% (5/32) of the adolescent patients had active disease in the hip, ankle or midfoot joints. The frequency of elbow involvement was also considerable, with 12% (7/58) of joints with subclinical synovitis in 14% (4/29) of JIA patients.
Conclusion
In conclusion, 43.8% of JIA patients had subclinical synovitis on whole-body MRI scan with no significant difference between the clinically active vs. inactive JIA patients. Large joints were predominantly affected. Further research is required to validate our findings in a larger cohort of JIA patients.
Disclosure
V. Choida: None. C. Ciurtin: None. T.J.P. Bray: None. D. Sen: None. C. Fisher: None. M. Leandro: None. M.A. Hall-Craggs: None.
O28 'I’ve handed back my man card': experiences, coping styles, and support preferences of men with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Flurey Caroline A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background/Aims
Men with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have significantly reduced survival rates and report more severe disease than women. However, no previous psychosocial studies have focused solely on men with the condition. This study qualitatively explores experiences, coping strategies and support preferences of men with SSc.
Methods
Seven focus groups in the UK and USA with men with systemic sclerosis to explore their experiences of SSc, coping mechanisms and ideas for effective support. Participants were purposively sampled to reflect a range of disease and demographic characteristics. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
25 male patients mean age 60years (SD: 9.3); disease duration 7years (SD 7.3); 77% diffuse cutaneous SSc; 70% Caucasian.
Four broad themes are proposed: “It’s a little embarrassing”: Erectile Dysfunction: Participants reported erectile dysfunction (ED) as an important symptom impacting quality of life, that felt ignored by clinicians (“I had to figure it out”). They reported needing prompting to feel comfortable discussing ED (“It’s important they ask the question first”). “You always think about how much this is going to shorten your life”: Mortality: Participants discussed the life-limiting nature of SSc (“I worry a lot about what’s happening on the inside”). They grieved for future events they may not be around for, and planned ahead for death (“I figured [my wife] better know how to do this”). “[My wife] makes more money than me”: Impact on masculinity: Loss of the breadwinner role impacted participants’ sense of self-worth (“I ask myself what am I here for?”). They were resigned to needing practical help, but found it hard to accept (“You know how hard it is to have your wife...put your underwear on?”) and often used humour as a shield (“I say ‘here, I turned in my man-card, open this for me’”). “I don’t harp on”: Social support: Participants reported not discussing SSc with their friends (“that’s my personal business”). Whilst they will discuss the practical impact with family, they often protected them from the emotional impact (“I wanna tell people...but I’ve gotta try and stay positive and focused for as long as I can because I’ve got [mum and wife] depending on me”.
Conclusion
SSc impacts male patients’ masculine identity and roles. Some men withhold emotional impact from their family to maintain a protector role, which may limit their social support. Clinicians should be aware male patients report erectile dysfunction as an ignored symptom, and need prompting to feel comfortable discussing this.
Disclosure
C.A. Flurey: None.