bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of clinicopathological factors and treatment modalities in the recurrence of ameloblastoma: Analysis of 624 cases
Authors: Goh Yet Ching , Siriwardena Bogahawatte Samarakoon Mudiyanselage Samadarani , Tilakaratne Wanninayake Mudiyanselage 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAmeloblastoma is an odontogenic tumour exhibiting locally invasive behaviour and high recurrence rate after treatment. Conventional ameloblastoma is reportedly been more aggressive showing infiltrative growth patterns and a tendency for recurrence. This is a retrospective study performed to analyse the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and treatment modalities in the recurrence of ameloblastoma.Methods624 cases of ameloblastoma comprising of 519 non‐recurrent ameloblastoma and 105 recurrent ameloblastoma from two main diagnostic centres in Malaysia and Sri Lanka were included. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, histopathological data, treatment modality and episodes of recurrence were extracted and analysed.ResultsThe mean age for recurrent ameloblastoma was 37.23 with a peak occurrence in the third decade of life. Recurrent ameloblastoma was marginally female predominant with male to female ratio of 1:1.3. Mandible was the commonest site for the recurrence with a predilection for more than two segments of left mandible followed by left posterior mandible. Follicular (58.1%) histopathological variant was the most reported type to recur followed by plexiform (17.1%). 49.5% of recurrent cases were treated with conservative approach. 65.7% of recurrent cases demonstrated a single episode of recurrence. Mixed (follicular and plexiform) histopathological variants showed the longest average years (11.5 years) for the single episode of recurrence. Plexiform ameloblastoma treated with conservative approach recurred in the shortest follow‐up period. The recurrence of ameloblastoma was significantly associated with age group, sub‐site of occurrence and histopathological variants (p<0.05).ConclusionThis study showed that age, sub‐site of occurrence and histopathological variants are significant factors responsible for the recurrence of ameloblastoma.
The combinatorial inhibition of Wnt signaling and Akt kinase is beneficial for reducing the survival and glycolytic activity of tongue cancer cells
Authors: Kleszcz Robert , Paluszczak Jarosław 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundWnt signaling is important in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC); however, Wnt pathway inhibitors lack satisfactory potency when used in monotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the combinations of Wnt‐signaling inhibitors and the inhibitor of Akt kinase on the survival and glycolytic activity of tongue carcinoma cells.MethodsCAL27, SCC‐25, and BICR22 tongue cancer cell lines were used. Cells were treated with Wnt signaling (PRI‐724 and IWP‐O1) and Akt‐kinase inhibitors. The effect of the chemicals on cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated by MTS and CellTox Green assays, respectively. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed cytometrically after propidium iodide staining. Annexin V binding to externalized phosphatidylserine and analysis of mitochondrial potential allowed the assessment of apoptosis. Glucose uptake and lactate release were evaluated luminometrically. Additionally, the viability of cells in spheroids was analyzed based on ATP content.ResultsThe Akt‐kinase inhibitor showed significant cytotoxicity toward primary cancer cells. Moreover, its pro‐apoptotic effects were enhanced by Wnt‐pathway inhibitors. The activity of Akt inhibitor was even higher (by twofold) in 3D spheroids in comparison to cells grown in monolayer. The synergistic reduction in the growth of spheroids was observed between Akt inhibitor and IWP‐O1. Reduced glucose consumption may play a part in the combinatorial effects of these chemicals.ConclusionThe results point to the therapeutic potential of the combinatorial use of Wnt inhibitors together with Akt inhibitors in HNSCC.
Aquaculture industry prospective from gut microbiome of fish and shellfish: An overview
Authors: Diwan Arvind D. , Harke Sanjay N. , Gopalkrishna  , Panche Archana N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe microbiome actually deals with micro‐organisms that are associated with indigenous body parts and the entire gut system in all animals, including human beings. These microbes are linked with roles involving hereditary traits, defence against diseases and strengthening overall immunity, which determines the health status of an organism. Considerable efforts have been made to find out the microbiome diversity and their taxonomic identification in finfish and shellfish and its importance has been correlated with various physiological functions and activities. In recent past due to the availability of advanced molecular tools, some efforts have also been made on DNA sequencing of these microbes to understand the environmental impact and other stress factors on their genomic structural profile. There are reports on the use of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technology, including amplicon and shot‐gun approaches, and associated bioinformatics tools to count and classify commensal microbiome at the species level. The microbiome present in the whole body, particularly in the gut systems of finfish and shellfish, not only contributes to digestion but also has an impact on nutrition, growth, reproduction, immune system and vulnerability of the host fish to diseases. Therefore, the study of such microbial communities is highly relevant for the development of new and innovative bio‐products which will be a vital source to build bio and pharmaceutical industries, including aquaculture. In recent years, attempts have been made to discover the chemical ingredients present in these microbes in the form of biomolecules/bioactive compounds with their functions and usefulness for various health benefits, particularly for the treatment of different types of disorders in animals. Therefore, it has been speculated that microbiomes hold great promise not only as a cure for ailments but also as a preventive measure for the number of infectious diseases. This kind of exploration of new breeds of microbes with their miraculous ingredients will definitely help to accelerate the development of the drugs, pharmaceutical and other biological related industries. Probiotic research and bioinformatics skills will further escalate these opportunities in the sector. In the present review, efforts have been made to collect comprehensive information on the finfish and shellfish microbiome, their diversity and functional properties, relationship with diseases, health status, data on species‐specific metagenomics, probiotic research and bioinformatics skills. Further, emphasis has also been made to carry out microbiome research on priority basis not only to keep healthy environment of the fish farming sector but also for the sustainable growth of biological related industries, including aquaculture.
Seasonal variations in sleep duration and sleep complaints: A Swedish cohort study in middle‐aged and older individuals
Authors: Titova Olga E. , Lindberg Eva , Elmståhl Sölve , Lind Lars , Benedict Christian 
Published: August 2021

SummarySubjective sleep reports are widely used research tools in epidemiology. Whether sleep reports can differ between seasons is less clear. Using multivariable binary or multinomial logistic regression analyses, in the present Swedish cross‐sectional two‐centre cohort study (N = 19,254; mean age 61 years), we found that participants surveyed during the summer (June–August) were more likely to report short sleep duration (defined as ≤ 6 hr) compared with those interviewed during the autumn (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.14 [1.04–1.25]). Individuals interviewed in the winter (December−February) were less likely to report early awakenings compared with participants surveyed in the autumn (September−November; odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.85 [0.75–0.96]). Complaints of difficulties in falling asleep and disturbed sleep were less common among participants interviewed during spring (March–May) compared with those interviewed during the autumn (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.86 [0.74–0.99] and 0.88 [0.79–0.98], respectively). No seasonal variations in reports of long sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, or feeling not rested after sleep were observed. Additional subgroup analysis revealed that summer participants were more likely to report short sleep duration and early morning awakenings than individuals surveyed in winter. In conclusion, this Swedish study indicates that self‐reported sleep characteristics may vary across seasons. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Factors influencing breastfeeding practices in China: A meta‐aggregation of qualitative studies
Authors: Wu Wei , Zhang Jian , Silva Zolezzi Irma , Fries Lisa R. , Zhao Ai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe World Health Organization recommends that women exclusively breastfeed until their babies are 6 months old and continue to breastfeed while introducing complementary foods. A meta‐aggregation methodology was used to systematically review and synthesise the qualitative studies on factors influencing breastfeeding practices of healthy Chinese women in Greater China. English and Chinese databases were searched to identify peer‐reviewed qualitative studies (published 2008–2019). Relevant data were extracted, and key themes related to factors influencing breastfeeding practices were identified. Of 7587 articles identified, 22 qualitative studies met inclusion criteria for the review, 10 of which were published in Chinese. A total of 87 themes were extracted from all included studies and classified into 9 subcategories: government enactment of policies, implementation of policies in workplaces, social expectations, social support, medical and health services, services with Chinese characteristics, breastfeeding and pumping facilities, maternal perceptions of breastfeeding and self‐efficacy to breastfeed. The nine subcategories were then grouped into four categories. Potential effect associations among these influence factors of breastfeeding practices emerged from categories and subcategories. Family members' influence on breastfeeding motivation and self‐efficacy suggest a potential benefit of breastfeeding promotion interventions targeting the whole family. The role of primary care should be fully exploited in breastfeeding promotion, including both prenatal education and post‐partum visits. Standardising the training and qualifications of maternity matrons (yuesao) and folk breastfeeding specialists (cuirushi) can promote evidence‐based approaches to facilitating breastfeeding during the confinement period. Increased availability of breastfeeding and pumping facilities in the workplace would facilitate continuing breastfeeding after returning to work.
Cucumber RDR1s and cucumber mosaic virus suppressor protein 2b association directs host defence in cucumber plants
Authors: Kumari Reenu , Kumar Surender , Leibman Diana , Abebie Bekele , Shnaider Yulia , Ding Shou‐Wei , Gal‐On Amit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRNA‐dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs) regulate important aspects of plant development and resistance to pathogens. The role of RDRs in virus resistance has been demonstrated using siRNA signal amplification and through the methylation of viral genomes. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) has four RDR1 genes that are differentially induced during virus infection: CsRDR1a, CsRDR1b, and duplicated CsRDR1c1/c2. The mode of action of CsRDR1s during viral infection is unknown. Transient expression of the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)‐2b protein (the viral suppressor of RNA silencing) in cucumber protoplasts induced the expression of CsRDR1c, but not of CsRDR1a/1b. Results from the yeast two‐hybrid system showed that CsRDR1 proteins interacted with CMV‐2b and this was confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. In protoplasts, CsRDR1s localized in the cytoplasm as punctate spots. Colocalization experiments revealed that CsRDR1s and CMV‐2b were uniformly dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, suggesting that CsRDR1s are redistributed as a result of interactions. Transient overexpression of individual CsRDR1a/1b genes in protoplasts reduced CMV accumulation, indicating their antiviral role. However, overexpression of CsRDR1c in protoplasts resulted in relatively higher accumulation of CMV and CMVΔ2b. In single cells, CsRDR1c enhances viral replication, leading to CMV accumulation and blocking secondary siRNA amplification of CsRDR1c by CMV‐2b protein. This suggests that CMV‐2b acts as both a transcription factor that induces CsRDR1c (controlling virus accumulation) and a suppressor of CsRDR1c activity.
Toward a moral commitment: Exposing the covert mechanisms of racism in the nursing discipline
Authors: Louie‐Poon Samantha , Hilario Carla , Scott Shannon D. , Olson Joanne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecent Canadian and international events have sparked dialogue and action to address racism within the nursing discipline. While the urgency to seek and implement antiracist solutions demands the attention of nurses, we contend that a contemporary analysis of the mechanisms that continue to perpetuate racism within nursing's theoretical foundation is required first. This study reconsiders the perceived functions of racism within the current state of nursing concepts and theories. In particular, we expose the role that covert racism plays by inadvertently sustaining racism through nursing's theoretical foundation, and how this process strengthens white supremacy. We argue that, in the absence of exposing these covert mechanisms, the development of solutions will be futile in dismantling racism. By making visible the covert mechanisms of racism within nursing's theoretical foundation, we attempt to establish an opportunity for the nursing discipline to dismantle its racist foundation and engage in sustained antiracist action. Lastly, this study demonstrates the need to equip the discipline with a moral commitment to antiracism in an effort to emancipate nursing from its racist legacies.
Graft‐versus‐host disease and herpes simplex virus oral injuries in onco‐hematological patient: Case report
Authors: Leidens Natali , Ballardin Bárbara Soldatelli , Leal Gustavo André , de Araújo Arthur Magno Medeiros , Sessenta‐Junior Claúdio Freire , Torres‐Pereira Cassius Carvalho , Schussel Juliana Lucena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionGraft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) is a systemic complication that can affect patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and the mouth is one of the places affected by the disease (oGVHD). Topical corticosteroids are used to control the painful symptoms, causing a local immunosuppression and increasing the risk for opportunistic infections.ObjectiveThis study aims to report a case of a 42‐year‐old woman, diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, who developed oGVHD and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection after HSCT.Case ReportoGVHD was confirmed by incisional biopsy and viral infection by HSV types 1 and 2 was confirmed by PCR. Topical and systemic corticotherapy and antiviral therapies were instituted. The immunosuppression intensified viral infection and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) was instituted as an adjuvant treatment. aPDT application, along with the patient's immune recovery, antivirals and corticosteroids resulted in clinical improvement of oral lesions.Final ConsiderationsThis study highlights aPDT as an effective adjunct therapy in the local treatment of opportunistic infections in onco‐hematological patients.
Demonic possession: Narratives of domestic abuse and trauma in Malaysia
Authors: Sahdan Zuriatunfadzliah , Pain Rachel , McEwan Cheryl 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEvery society deploys narratives concerning the phenomenon of domestic abuse which serve to downplay and normalise it. Drawing on qualitative research with survivors in Malaysia, and working from a feminist postcolonial framework, this paper explores how the notion of demonic possession is used by survivors and perpetrators as a metaphor for domestic abuse, and a narrative to make sense of and excuse it. The idea of demonic possession has utility because of its close fit both with perpetrators' behaviour and the symptoms experienced by survivors with trauma. The research focuses on the intimate dynamics of abuse, including coercive control and intimate captivity, and the pivotal role of possession and trauma in the successful exertion of control and in extending the damaging effects of abuse. We argue that demonic possession reflects another way in which globally endemic practices of domestic abuse are justified and explained; it provides a means for perpetrators to evade responsibility for abuse, and a way in which the pernicious effects of both abuse and trauma on survivors, their families, and wider society are sometimes dismissed. The paper highlights the significance of culturally sensitive approaches to domestic violence and trauma as a counterpoint to western‐centric understandings. It also stresses the need for locally generated approaches to awareness raising and support services in Malaysia and elsewhere.
Ex vivo comparison ofhand‐suturedversus circular stapled anastomosis in canine large intestine
Authors: Sapora Joseph A. , Hafez Ahmed , Monnet Eric 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare leakage pressures of colonic anastomoses performed with circular staplers to conventional hand‐sewn techniques in dogs.Study designEx‐vivo study.AnimalsColon from 11 canine cadavers.MethodsThirty‐two colonic anastomoses were performed. Four segments from each colon were randomly assigned to one of four techniques: hand‐sewn colonic anastomoses performed with 4‐0 glycomer 631 (G) and 4‐0 barbed glycomer 631 (BG), and circular stapled colonic anastomoses using 4.8 mm End‐to‐End Anastomosis (EEA C4.8mm) and 3.5 mm End‐to‐End Anastomosis (EEA C3.5mm), 21 mm diameter circular staples in cadaveric canine colon.Leakage pressure was defined as the pressure at which dye‐containing solution was first observed to leak from the anastomosis site.ResultsLeakage pressures were 49.5 mmHg (range:16‐72) in group G, 45.5 mmHg (range:19‐80) in group BG, 5.3 mmHg (range:0‐31) in group C3.5mm, and 29.5 mmHg (range:23‐50.3) in group C4.8mm. Anastomoses leaked at lower pressures when stapled rather than hand‐sewn (C4.8mm‐Gp = .0313, C4.8mm‐BGp = .0131, C3.5mm‐Gp = .0469, C3.5mm‐BGp = .0313). Two of the C3.5mm constructs leaked immediately after saline infusion with 4/6 leaking at <5.3 mmHg.ConclusionEnd‐to‐end colonic anastomoses closed with circular stapler leaked at lower pressures than hand‐sutured anastomoses. Use of the EEA stapler with a staple height of 3.5 mm did not result in safe colonic anastomoses.Clinical significanceThese results provide evidence to support hand‐suturing colonic anatomoses with G and BG in dogs. The 4.8 mm staples may be considered in anatomical locations difficult to reach.
Effectiveness of an Evidence‐Based Practice Training Program for Nurse Educators: A Cluster‐Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: D’Souza Preethy , George Anice , Nair Sreekumaran , Noronha Judith , Renjith Vishnu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based practice (EBP) endeavors to integrate the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient preference to enhance clinical outcomes. For nurses to effectively demonstrate EBP, the concepts of EBP should be systematically incorporated into the nursing curriculum, with nurse educators playing a pivotal role in execution. However, the effect of EBP training programs on nurse educators remains largely unexplored.AimTo evaluate the effectiveness of an EBP training program on the knowledge, attitude, practice, and competency of nurse educators.MethodsA pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted at a nursing education institution. Fifty‐one nurse educators were cluster randomized into intervention and control groups. A 30‐hour EBP training intervention was provided for nurse educators in the intervention group. The outcome variables were knowledge, attitude, practice, and competency regarding EBP. These outcomes were evaluated using the EBP knowledge and practice questionnaire, EBP attitude scale, and Fresno test. Data were collected at baseline, the end of 5 months, and the end of 10 months.ResultsFifty‐one eligible participants were enrolled in the study. The intervention and control group had three clusters each with 27 and 24 participants, respectively. Participants in both groups were comparable for variables such as age, years of experience, and educational background (p > .05). Between groups, outcome variables were compared using mixed linear multi‐level modeling. Nurse educators who received the EBP training program demonstrated significant differences in knowledge (p < .05), attitude (p < .05), practice (p < .05), and competency scores (p < .05), than that of the control group, indicating the intervention effectiveness.Linking Evidence to ActionEBP training programs are effective in improving the knowledge, attitude, practice, and competency of nurse educators.
Contact events in rugby union and the link to reduced cognition: evidence for impaired redox‐regulation of cerebrovascular function
Authors: Owens Thomas S. , Calverley Thomas A. , Stacey Benjamin S. , Iannatelli Angelo , Venables Lucy , Rose George , Fall Lewis , Tsukamoto Hayato , Berg Ronan M. G. , Jones Gareth L. , Marley Christopher J. , Bailey Damian M. 
Published: August 2021

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
How does recurrent contact incurred across a season of professional rugby union impact molecular, cerebrovascular and cognitive function?

What is the main findings and its importance?
A single season of professional rugby union increases systemic oxidative–nitrosative stress (OXNOS) confirmed by a free radical‐mediated suppression in nitric oxide bioavailability. Forwards encountered a higher frequency of contact events compared to backs, exhibiting elevated OXNOS and lower cerebrovascular function and cognition. Collectively, these findings provide mechanistic insight into the possible cause of reduced cognition in rugby union subsequent to impairment in the redox regulation of cerebrovascular function.

AbstractContact events in rugby union remain a public health concern. We determined the molecular, cerebrovascular and cognitive consequences of contact events during a season of professional rugby. Twenty‐one male players aged 25 (mean) ± 4 (SD) years were recruited from a professional rugby team comprising forwards (n = 13) and backs (n = 8). Data were collected across the season. Pre‐ and post‐season, venous blood was assayed for the ascorbate free radical (A•–, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy) and nitric oxide (NO, reductive ozone‐based chemiluminescence) to quantify oxidative–nitrosative stress (OXNOS). Middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv, Doppler ultrasound) was measured to assess cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), and cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Notational analysis determined contact events over the season. Forwards incurred more collisions (Mean difference [MD] 7.49; 95% CI, 2.58–12.40; P = 0.005), tackles (MD 3.49; 95% CI, 0.42–6.56; P = 0.028) and jackals (MD 2.21; 95% CI, 0.18–4.24; P = 0.034). Forwards suffered five concussions while backs suffered one concussion. An increase in systemic OXNOS, confirmed by elevated A•– (F2,19 = 10.589, P = 0.004) and corresponding suppression of NO bioavailability (F2,19 = 11.492, P = 0.003) was apparent in forwards and backs across the season. This was accompanied by a reduction in cerebral oxygen delivery (, F2,19 = 9.440, P = 0.006) and cognition (F2,19 = 4.813, P = 0.041). Forwards exhibited a greater decline in the cerebrovascular reactivity range to changes in PETCO2 ( compared to backs (MD 1.378; 95% CI, 0.74–2.02; P < 0.001).