bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Mapping of Ripple Onset Predicts Outcome in Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Tamilia Eleonora , Matarrese Margherita A. G. , Ntolkeras Georgios , Grant P. Ellen , Madsen Joseph R. , Stufflebeam Steve M. , Pearl Phillip L. , Papadelis Christos 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveIntracranial electroencephalographic (icEEG) studies show that interictal ripples propagate across the brain of children with medically refractory epilepsy (MRE), and the onset of this propagation (ripple onset zone [ROZ]) estimates the epileptogenic zone. It is still unknown whether we can map this propagation noninvasively. The goal of this study is to map ripples (ripple zone [RZ]) and their propagation onset (ROZ) using high‐density EEG (HD‐EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), and to estimate their prognostic value in pediatric epilepsy surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed simultaneous HD‐EEG and MEG data from 28 children with MRE who underwent icEEG and epilepsy surgery. Using electric and magnetic source imaging, we estimated virtual sensors (VSs) at brain locations that matched the icEEG implantation. We detected ripples on VSs, defined the virtual RZ and virtual ROZ, and estimated their distance from icEEG. We assessed the predictive value of resecting virtual RZ and virtual ROZ for postsurgical outcome. Interictal spike localization on HD‐EEG and MEG was also performed and compared with ripples.ResultsWe mapped ripple propagation in all patients with HD‐EEG and in 27 (96%) patients with MEG. The distance from icEEG did not differ between HD‐EEG and MEG when mapping the RZ (26–27mm, p = 0.6) or ROZ (22–24mm, p = 0.4). Resecting the virtual ROZ, but not virtual RZ or the sources of spikes, was associated with good outcome for HD‐EEG (p = 0.016) and MEG (p = 0.047).InterpretationHD‐EEG and MEG can map interictal ripples and their propagation onset (virtual ROZ). Noninvasively mapping the ripple onset may augment epilepsy surgery planning and improve surgical outcome of children with MRE. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:911–925
Hybrid ceria and chitosan supported nickel nanoparticles: A recyclable nanocatalytic system in the reduction of nitroarenes and the synthesis of benzopyran derivatives in green solvent
Authors: Mahajan Ankush , Gupta Monika 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMesoporous, highly temperature resistant, magnetically separable, bimetallic, and organic‐based photoluminescent nanocatalyst has been prepared. Chitosan can act efficiently as a support material for preparing nanocatalysts. Hybrid ceria, that is, iron‐doped‐cerium oxide (Fe@CeO2), was prepared via coprecipitation method. Chitosan–iron‐doped‐ceria nanocomposite was prepared and kept in a solution of NiCl2 to adsorb Ni2+ ions, which were then reduced with NaBH4 to accumulate nickel nanoparticles. The characterization of nanocatalyst was performed using different techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscope (HR‐TEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectra (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis. The catalyst was found to have a very small size about 2–3 nm and having a large surface area of about 121 m2 g−1, which was stable up to 800°C. It was also found to be photoluminescent. The catalyst thus prepared is useful for the reduction of nitroarenes, which is a toxic compound that is often found as a pollutant in the environment, to anilines, key intermediates for the fine chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Also, nanocatalyst was used for the synthesis of various substituted tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans, which is an essential structural component in various natural products, in good to excellent yields.
Children with autism spectrum disorder show altered functional connectivity and abnormal maturation trajectories in response to inverted faces
Authors: Mamashli Fahimeh , Kozhemiako Nataliia , Khan Sheraz , Nunes Adonay S. , McGuiggan Nicole M. , Losh Ainsley , Joseph Robert M. , Ahveninen Jyrki , Doesburg Sam M. , Hämäläinen Matti S. , Kenet Tal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe processing of information conveyed by faces is a critical component of social communication. While the neurophysiology of processing upright faces has been studied extensively in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), less is known about the neurophysiological abnormalities associated with processing inverted faces in ASD. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to study both long‐range and local functional connectivity, with the latter assessed using local cross‐frequency coupling, in response to inverted faces stimuli, in 7–18 years old individuals with ASD and age and IQ matched typically developing (TD) individuals. We found abnormally reduced coupling between the phase of the alpha rhythm and the amplitude of the gamma rhythm in the fusiform face area (FFA) in response to inverted faces, as well as reduced long‐range functional connectivity between the FFA and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in response to inverted faces in the ASD group. These group differences were absent in response to upright faces. The magnitude of functional connectivity between the FFA and the IFG was significantly correlated with the severity of ASD, and FFA‐IFG long‐range functional connectivity increased with age in TD group, but not in the ASD group. Our findings suggest that both local and long‐range functional connectivity are abnormally reduced in children with ASD when processing inverted faces, and that the pattern of abnormalities associated with the processing of inverted faces differs from the pattern of upright faces in ASD, likely due to the presumed greater reliance on top‐down regulations necessary for efficient processing of inverted faces.Lay SummaryWe found alterations in the neurophysiological responses to inverted faces in children with ASD, that were not reflected in the evoked responses, and were not observed in the responses to upright faces. These alterations included reduced local functional connectivity in the fusiform face area (FFA), and decreased long‐range alpha‐band modulated functional connectivity between the FFA and the left IFG. The magnitude of long‐range functional connectivity between the FFA and the inferior frontal gyrus was correlated with the severity of ASD.
Instandsetzung einer geschädigten Anlegerbrücke in der Nordsee
Authors: Wolff Lars , Bruns Michael , Raupach Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDie Umschlaganlage Voslapper Groden in Wilhelmshaven ist ein Tiefwasseranleger für den Umschlag von chemischen Produkten. Infolge der Exposition im Meerwasser zeigen die Stahlbeton‐ und Spannbetonbauteile verschiedene komplexe Schadensbilder, die eine umfangreiche Instandsetzung des Bauwerks erfordern. So weist eine Vielzahl der Bauteile ausgeprägte Schäden in Form von Rissen und großflächigen Hohllagen infolge Alkali‐Kieselsäurereaktion (AKR) auf. Weiterhin haben aus dem Meerwasser stammende Chloride bereits großflächig zu Bewehrungskorrosion geführt. Die beiden für sich gesehen getrennt ablaufenden Schädigungsmechanismen überlagern sich im vorliegenden Fall, sodass im Zuge einer Instandsetzung der betreffenden Stahl‐ und Spannbetonbauteile beide Schädigungsmechanismen berücksichtigt werden mussten. Im Zuge einer Pilotinstandsetzung in den Jahren 2010 und 2011 wurden erste Teile der Umschlaganlage durch Kombination verschiedener Instandsetzungsprinzipien, u. a. durch Anwendung des Prinzips des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes (KKS), instand gesetzt. Im Jahr 2019 erfolgten erneut Untersuchungen an den beiden in den Jahren 2010 und 2011 instand gesetzten Bauteilen der Umschlaganlage. Im Zuge dieser Untersuchungen konnten keine neuen Schäden an den instand gesetzten Bauteilen festgestellt werden. Basierend auf diesen Erfahrungen wurde im Jahr 2020 mit der Instandsetzung weiterer Bauteile der Umschlaganlage begonnen.
Knockout of vasohibin‐2 reduces tubulin carboxypeptidase activity and increases paclitaxel sensitivity in ovarian cancer
Authors: Koyanagi Takahiro , Saga Yasushi , Takahashi Yoshifumi , Tamura Kohei , Yoshiba Takahiro , Takahashi Suzuyo , Taneichi Akiyo , Takei Yuji , Urabe Masashi , Mizukami Hiroaki , Fujiwara Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVasohibin‐1 (VASH1) is a VEGF‐inducible endothelium‐derived angiogenesis inhibitor, and vasohibin‐2 (VASH2), its homolog, exhibits proangiogenic activity. VASH2 is expressed by various cancer cells and accelerates tumor angiogenesis and progression. VASH2 was recently shown to exhibit tubulin carboxypeptidase (TCP) activity related to microtubule functions. Paclitaxel (PTX), an effective chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used to treat ovarian cancer, inhibits microtubule depolymerization and may interact with VASH2. We herein established several VASH2 knockout ovarian cancer cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system to examine the intracellular tubulin detyrosination status and PTX chemosensitivity. The knockout of VASH2 did not affect the proliferation or sphere‐forming activity of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. A Western blot analysis of VASH2 knockout cells revealed the weak expression of detyrosinated tubulin and upregulated expression of cyclin B1. The knockout of VASH2 significantly increased chemosensitivity to PTX, but not to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cell lines. The knockout of VASH2 reduced TCP activity and increased cyclin B1 expression, resulting in increased PTX chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer cells. The inhibition of angiogenesis and regulation of microtubule activity may be achieved in ovarian cancer treatment strategies targeting VASH2.
Consistency of the S5 DNA methylation classifier in formalin‐fixed biopsies versus corresponding exfoliated cells for the detection of pre‐cancerous cervical lesions
Authors: Reuter Caroline , Preece Matthew , Banwait Rawinder , Boer Sabrina , Cuzick Jack , Lorincz Attila , Nedjai Belinda 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMethylation biomarkers are promising tools for diagnosis and disease prevention. The S5 classifier is aimed at the prevention of cervical cancer by the early detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). S5 is based on pyrosequencing a promoter region of EPB41L3 and five late regions of HPV types 16, 18, 31, and 33 following bisulfite conversion of DNA. Good biomarkers should perform well in a variety of sample types such as exfoliated cells, fresh frozen or formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) materials. Here, we tested the performance of S5 on 315 FFPE biopsies with paired exfoliated cervical samples using four different conversion kits (Epitect Bisulfite, Epitect Fast Bisulfite, EZ DNA Methylation, and EZ DNA Methylation‐Lightning). The S5 values from FFPE biopsies for all kits were significantly correlated with those obtained from their paired exfoliated cells. For the EZ DNA Methylation kit, we observed an average increased methylation of 4.4% in FFPE. This was due to incomplete conversion of DNA (73% for FFPE vs. 95% for cells). The other kits had a DNA conversion rate in FFPE similar to the cells (95%–97%). S5 performed well at discriminating <CIN2 lesions from CIN2+ lesions on the FFPE with all kits given optimized adjustments to the cut‐off. The area under the curve (AUC) for S5 on FFPE was not significantly different from the paired cells (0.74–0.79 vs. 0.81). The best sensitivity and specificity were obtained for EZ DNA Methylation after the adjustment of the cut‐off to reflect its lower conversion rate. Consistent methylation results can be obtained from FFPE material regardless of the conversion kit used. The S5 classifier performed as well on FFPE material as on exfoliated cells with adjusted cut‐off allowing easier clinical implementation.
Ultralow Co Loading Phenanthroline‐based Porous Organic Polymer as a High‐efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Fixation of CO2 to Cyclic Carbonates at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Ding Junhao , Qiu Bo , Li Dajian , Bian Yunpeng , Zhu Dandan , Wang Shimin , Mai Wenpeng , Ming Shujun , Chen Jian , Li Tao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe exploration of cost‐effective and efficient catalysts for the transformation of CO2 into chemicals at room temperature and low CO2 pressure is a key challenge. Here, a green synthesis method of porous organic polymer was developed, which was obtained by the Scholl coupling reaction via polycondensation of 1,3,5‐triphenylbenzene and 1,10‐phenanthroline at room temperature. The polymer has a large surface area (1074 m2 g−1) and exhibited excellent CO2 capture of 77.26 cm3 g−1 at 273.15 K and 1.00 bar. After loading cobalt acetate, an ultralow Co loading phenanthroline‐based porous organic polymer was obtained with very high catalytic efficiency in TOF of 263 h−1 for the fixation of CO2 to cyclic carbonates at room temperature and atmospheric with free‐solvent, which is over six‐fold than that of a molecular analogue, 1,10‐phenanthroline‐Co(OAc)2. This work provided a facile, powerful, green, and efficient strategy for designing porous organic polymers as high‐efficient heterogeneous catalysts in the fixation of carbon dioxide.
Conceptual Membraneless Fuel Cell Device Based On Ionic Liquid|Water Interface
Authors: Teixeira Santos Keyla , Suffredini Hugo Barbosa , Wittstock Gunther , Angelucci Camilo Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) are considered as a new‐generation electrolyte for electrochemical devices such as fuel cells. When in contact with water, ILs can form a liquid|liquid interface due to their hydrophobicity. This feature allows us to build a conceptual membraneless device for energy generation by combining the oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation reactions in acid aqueous electrolyte and in [Bmim][PF6], respectively. The IL|water interface serves as an ion‐exchange interface, allowing the proton transfer between the phases. The open circuit voltage (OCV) between the two half‐cells
achieves 1.34 V with a maximum power density of 0.7 μW cm−2 at room temperature. Changes in the pH show no influence in the Galvani potential difference resulted from the IL|water interface and in the
half‐cell. Besides the relative low fuel cell power, the conceptual device has wide margin to improve, mainly in the cell design.
A Strain‐engineered Helical Structure as a Self‐adaptive Magnetic Microswimmer
Authors: Shi Xiaojie , Liu Jinrun , Kong Ye , Xu Borui , Li Tianlong , Solovev Alexander A. , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInspired by flagellar bacteria, helical microswimmers are proposed in many biomedical applications due to their efficient propulsion at low Reynolds numbers. And the ability to swim through a confined environment such as a blood capillary is an urgent issue to further expand their functions both in vivo and in vitro. Herein, we report an inorganic but soft helical microswimmer that can accurately navigate and achieve self‐adaptive locomotion driven by a weak magnetic field. The microswimmer is made via nanomembrane self‐rolling method. The motion of helical microswimmer is influenced by its structures such as size and pitch, which can be precisely manipulated by strain engineering during fabrication. Self‐adaptive motion is demonstrated in a confined capillary filled with viscous fluid. This helical microswimmer is expected as a magnetic microtool applied to thrombosis treatment as a combination of rigid inorganic materials and soft helical structure.
Influence of various mouthrinses on color stability and whiteness of resin‐based restorative materials
Authors: Çarıkçıoğlu Burak 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of commonly used mouthrinses on the discoloration and whiteness of resin‐based restoratives (RBR). Two hundred disc shaped specimens (5mm diameter, 2mm tick) of a micro‐hybrid composite (FZ‐Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE), a ormocer (AD‐Admira, Voco), a giomer (BE‐Beautifil II, Shofu) and a compomer (DX‐Dyract XP, Dentsply) RBRs were prepared (50 from each). The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 h, then immersed for another 12 h in five mouthrinses of distilled water, Klorhex, Tantum Verde, Oral‐B Complete Lasting Freshness and Listerine Cool Mint. The specimens were subjected to color measurements, using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V, VITA Zahnfabrik) before and after immersion. Color change (ΔE00) and whiteness index (WID) were calculated and data were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA, two‐way ANOVA and post‐hoc Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). BE was the most colored RBRs in all solutions. ΔE00 values of all RBRs immersed in Tantum Verde were above the acceptability threshold. DX showed the highest negative ΔWID values in all solutions. ΔE00 and ΔWID showed higher values for all RBRs when immersed in Tantum Verde. FZ and AD are the most successful, BE and DX are the most unsuccessful RBRs in terms of on color stability and whiteness caused by the use of mouthrinse. After all RBRs were immersed in different mouthrinses, they changed in terms of color and whiteness.
Cloud service discovery method: A framework for automatic derivation of cloud marketplace and cloud intelligence to assist consumers in finding cloud services
Authors: Alkalbani Asma Musabah , Hussain Walayat 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe increase in the number of cloud services advertisements, needs for cloud services marketplace to enable significant interaction with cloud consumers. Majority of the existing literature has focused on developing algorithms (such as matching algorithms) and assumed the availability of cloud service information. Furthermore, little attention is given to the efficient discovery of cloud services over the internet. Existing approaches unable to describe a user‐friendly method of harvesting related cloud services from the web. Moreover, the existing literature lacks a comprehensive ontology to represent cloud services and a registry for cloud services publication and discovery. The incomplete information prevents discovering accurate services and deriving intelligence from cloud reviews data. The paper presents a framework for automatic derivation of cloud marketplace and cloud intelligence (ADCM&CI) that assist cloud consumers for an effective and efficient cloud service discovery. The framework depends on the capabilities of the Harvester as a Service (HaaS) crawler that provides a user‐friendly interface to extract real‐time cloud dataset. The paper used Protégé OWL a domain‐specific ontology to extract meaningful data from a semi‐structured repository and transform to SaaS ads attribute. The framework conducts sentimental analysis to excerpt the polarity of reviews that assist potential consumers in service selection. The paper considers three measures—precision, recall and F Score as a benchmark and evaluates the accuracy of the proposed approach using machine learning methods—SVM, KNN, Decision Tree and Naïve Bayes algorithms. Through experiments, we validate and demonstrate the suitability of the proposed framework for an effective and efficient cloud service discovery.
Changes in haemolymph parameters and insect ability to respond to immune challenge during overwintering
Authors: Řeřicha Michal , Dobeš Pavel , Knapp Michal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOverwintering is a challenging period in the life of temperate insects. A limited energy budget characteristic of this period can result in reduced investment in immune system. Here, we investigated selected physiological and immunological parameters in laboratory‐reared and field‐collected harlequin ladybirds (Harmonia axyridis). For laboratory‐reared beetles, we focused on the effects of winter temperature regime (cold, average, or warm winter) on total haemocyte concentration aiming to investigate potential effects of ongoing climate change on immune system in overwintering insects. We recorded strong reduction in haemocyte concentration during winter; however, there were only limited effects of winter temperature regime on changes in haemocyte concentration in the course of overwintering. For field‐collected beetles, we measured additional parameters, specifically: total protein concentration, antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, and haemocyte concentration before and after overwintering. The field experiment did not investigate effects of winter temperature, but focused on changes in inducibility of insect immune system during overwintering, that is, measured parameters were compared between naïve beetles and those challenged by Escherichia coli. Haemocyte concentration decreased during overwintering, but only in individuals challenged by Escherichia coli. Prior to overwintering, the challenged beetles had a significantly higher haemocyte concentration compared to naïve beetles, whereas no difference was observed after overwintering. A similar pattern was observed also for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli as challenged beetles outperformed naïve beetles before overwintering, but not after winter. In both sexes, total protein concentration increased in the course of overwintering, but females had a significantly higher total protein concentration in their hemolymph compared to males. In general, our results revealed that insect’s ability to respond to an immune challenge is significantly reduced in the course of overwintering.
Antagonistic and mutualistic interactions alter seed dispersal of understory plants at forest edges
Authors: Parker Wyatt J. , Buono Carmela M. , Prior Kirsten M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeed dispersal by ants is an important interaction in North American eastern deciduous forests, where 30–40% of understory plants are myrmecochores, with seeds that possess lipid‐rich appendages (elaiosomes) that attract seed‐dispersing ants. Contemporary forests are fragmented and have regenerated from being previously cleared (secondary forests). In secondary forests, and especially along edges, myrmecochores are a depauperate component of forests. Here, we assess if seed dispersal of myrmecochores by ants, particularly the keystone disperser, Aphaenogaster sp., is intact in forest interiors compared to edges. In three North American northeastern deciduous forests, we compared myrmecochore cover and richness, seed dispersal by ants, and the abundance and richness of ants and other forest floor invertebrates between interiors and edges. We also conducted a seed removal experiment, excluding either ants, rodents (seed predators), or ants and rodents, to test their effects on seed dispersal between interiors and edges. We found differences in the composition of understory plants between interiors and edges, with edges lacking myrmecochores. We also found that seed dispersal by ants was lower in two of the three edges and corresponded to Aphaenogaster sp. abundance. Antagonistic interactions with an invasive slug that is an elaiosome robber, Arion subfuscus, was more apparent than damage by rodents in the experiment, negatively affected dispersal by ants more at edges than in interiors. Here we show that changes in mutualistic and antagonistic interactions affect seed dispersal at forest edges and that not all forest edges are the same, with some more intact than others. Understanding how seed dispersal is impacted in contemporary forests is important towards the goal of conserving and restoring depauperate forest understory communities.