bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T1-weighted Black-blood Magnetic Resonance Imaging Helps to Stage Thrombus on Segment Level and Predict the Outcome of Endovascular Therapy in Patients with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Authors: Ren Yanan , Quan Tao , Xie Yueyuan , Ren Qi , Zhang Xiaoyong , Zhu Jinxia , Zhang Yong , Xu Haowen , Cheng Jingliang , Xie Guoxi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Clinical approach for staging cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) depends on the duration from symptom onset to clinical diagnosis, which is subjective and may be incorrect. To investigate if T1-weighted signal characteristics of the thrombus can be used for staging the thrombus on segment level and predicting endovascular therapy outcome.
Methods

Ninety-one CVST patients underwent non-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted 3D variable-flip-angle fast-spin-echo (T1-SPACE) and 29 of them received endovascular therapy. We divided the 91 patients into acute, subacute, and chronic CVST stage according to the clinical approach, and then analyzed the T1 weighted signal characteristics (i.e., thrombus shape and signal intensity) of the thrombus at each stage. To investigate the endovascular therapy outcome associated with the thrombus stage and signal characteristics, we evaluated the thrombolytic ratio on patient level and recanalization rate on segment level, respectively.
Results

The thrombi at acute or chronic stage were depicted as isointense signals but as hyperintense signals at subacute stage. Compared to the thrombus at acute stage, the thrombus at chronic stage was contractive and can be distinguished. Developing thrombi at transition periods of acute-to-subacute or subacute-to-chronic stage were found appearing mixed iso-/hyper-intense signals. On patient’s level, the patients at earlier stage had higher thrombolytic ratio (acute: 80.7 ± 18.3%, subacute: 62.6 ± 36.3%, chronic: 22.9 ± 24.2%). On segment level, the thromboembolic segments of isointense or mixed iso-/hyper-intense thrombi at non-chronic stage had good thrombolytic outcome.
Conclusion

T1-weighted signal characteristics of the thrombus can be used for staging CVST and predicting the endovascular therapy outcome.
Biosynthesis of 3D/2D Ceo2/Mos2 Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity to Degrade Organic Dye in Wastewater and Statistical Optimization of Reaction Parameters
Authors: Sharma Yogesh , Khan Mohammad Ahmed , Chellapandi Thangapandi , Sukumar Magdum Tejas , Madhumitha Gunabalan , Khan Md. Maksudur Rahman , Danish Mohammed , Velu Sagadevan , Roopan Selvaraj Mohana 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nanocomposites synthesized by alternative approaches like biosynthetic methods are safer than those prepared by traditional chemical techniques. Further, this approach is both economically and environmentally feasible. In this study, we report an eco-friendly methodology for preparing cerium dioxide/molybdenum disulphide (CeO2/MoS2) nanocomposites. Moringa oleifera peel was used as the reducing/stabilizing agent for synthesizing CeO2 nanoparticles. The prepared nanocomposite were characterized using FT-IR analysis, SEM and EDAX analysis, TEM and SAED pattern analysis, X-Ray Diffraction Pattern, Zeta Potential, UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra, X-Ray Photon Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence spectra. Particle size and morphology were characterized by TEM and SEM. The photocatalytic pursuit of CeO2/MoS2 was explored by the degradation of methyl violet (MV) under visible light irradiation. Our methodology proved to be 96.25% effective in the degradation of MV. Further, we used this Response Surface Methodology for enhancing the process factors like volume of photocatalyst, time for degradation and concentration of MV.
Association of Bone-Related Biomarkers with Femoral Neck Bone Strength
Authors: Xia Ning , Cai Yun , Wang Wei , Bao Chen , Li Yunming , Xie Qingyun , Xu Wei , Liu Da 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Femoral neck fractures are the worst consequence of osteoporosis (OP), and its early prevention and treatment have become a public health problem.This study aims to investigate the relationship of bone-related biomarkers,femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and maximum load (Lmax),selecting the indicator which can reflect femoral neck bone loss and reduced bone strength. Methods: A total of 108 patients were recruited from January 2017 to December 2019. Femoral neck BMD, femoral neck Lmaxand bone-related biomarkerswere all measured and analyzed.Results: The expression of femoral neck type I collagen (COL-I)were significantly decreased, whereas other markers were all significantly increased with the decreasing of femoral neck BMD and Lmax(P<0.05). Among them, serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX)levels and femoral neck osteopontin (OPN) expression were increased in osteopenia. In multiple linear regression analysis,CTX and OPN were independent factorsof femoral neck BMD and Lmax, whereasCOL-I was independent factor affectingLmax(P< 0.05). Moreover, CTX was the independent risk factor of OPN and COL-I(P<0.05).Conclusions: Bone-related biomarkersdo reflect decreased femoral neck bone mass and bone strength. Of them, the CTX increases most significantly in the process of bone loss, and can be used as a surrogate markerof OPN and COL-I for bone loss and reduced bone strength.Early measurement of CTXcouldfacilitate the diagnosis of osteopenia and provide a theoretical basis for delaying the occurrence of femoral neck OP and fragility fractures.
Comparative cost-effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose fractionation in India: a modelling study
Authors: Du Zhanwei , Cowling Benjamin , Wang Lin , Pandey Abhishek , Lim Wey Wen , Chinazzi Matteo , Piontti Ana Pastore y , Lau Eric , Wu Peng , Malani Anup , Cobey Sarah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Given constrained vaccine supplies globally, fractionation of vaccine doses may be an effective strategy for reducing disease and healthcare burdens, even with the emergence of COVID-19 variants. Using a multi-scale model that incorporates population-level transmission and individual-level vaccination, we estimate the costs associated with hospitalization, vaccine costs, and the economic benefit of reducing COVID-19 deaths associated with dose-fractionation strategies. Assuming a willingness-to-pay of US$10,517 per averted year of life lost (YLL) and a price of $12 per vaccine, under various transmission scenarios, with effective reproduction numbers ranging from 1.1 to 5.0 and with vaccine efficacy against transmission from 52% to 91%, the optimal vaccination strategy would always involve fractional doses of vaccines. Vaccine dose fractionation is a cost-effective strategy for mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic and could save a large number of lives, even after the emergence of variants with higher transmissibility.
Quantification of Macular Perfusion in Healthy Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Ghassemi Fariba , Hatami Vahid , Salari Farhad , Bazvand Fatemeh , Shamouli Hadi , Mohebbi Masoumeh , Sabour Siamak 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Variations in vessel density (VD) patterns of the macula in children of different ages are unknown.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, subjects with normal eyes aged 3–18 years were enrolled. The macula was scanned by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Four age groups as under 7 years, 7-10 years, 11-14 years and more than 14 years of age were defined. The influences of age, gender, and body mass index on VD were analyzed.Results: A total of 108 normal eyes from 54 participants with a mean age of 10.9 years were enrolled in the study. At the superficial and deep retina capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC), the mean VD of the fovea was 20.10%, 36.99%, and 75.67%, respectively; at parafovea, these measurements were 53.12%, 55.81%, and 69.76%, respectively; and at perifovea, these measures were 51.38%, 52.46%, and 73.47%, respectively. The median foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.28 mm2. No significant differences were found between the superior-hemi and inferior-hemi VD of the studied plexuses. The VD at CC parafovea and perifovea differed significantly between groups. Neither age nor sex affected the VD of macular retina or CC. FAZ areas were different between genders.Conclusions: No difference between eyes and genders in the retina and CC VD of macular area was noted. FAZ area was larger in male. While this study is not a longitudinal study but may give us a hint for the macular vascular development during puberty and clinical applications of OCTA in children.
Effects of Hot and Humid Environments on Thermoregulation and Aerobic Endurance Capacity of Laser Sailors
Authors: Xu Yi-Xiao , Gao Bing-Hong , Zhao Yong-Cai , Meng Zhi-Jun , Li Ran 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The purpose was to investigate the effects of hot and humid environments on thermoregulation and aerobic endurance capacity of Laser sailors. A randomized cross-over design was applied to this study, in which nine Laser sailors performed the 6 km rowing test (6 km test) in both a warm (ambient temperature: 23±1.4 °C; relative humidity: 60.5±0.7 %; wind speed: 0 km/h; WARM) and hot environment (ambient temperature: 31.8±1.1 °C; relative humidity: 63.5 ± 4.9 %; wind speed: 3.5±0.7 km/h; HOT). The time for completing 6 km test of HOT group was significantly longer than that of WARM group (P=0.0014). Mean power of 3-4 km, 4-5 km and 5-6 km were significant lower in HOT group (P=0.014, P=0.02, P=0.003). Gastrointestinal temperature and skin temperature were significantly higher in HOT group during the 6 km test (P=0.016, P=0.04). Heat storage at 5 min and 15 min of HOT group were significantly higher than that of WARM group (P=0.0036; P=0.0018). Heart rate and physiological strain index of HOT group were significantly higher than that of WARM group during the 6 km test (P=0.01, P<0.01). The increase magnitude of skin temperature was more obvious than the changes of core temperature during exercise in hot and humid environments. The higher skin temperature narrowed the core to skin temperature gradient and skin to ambient temperature gradient, which may result in greater accumulation of heat storage. The greater heat storage led to the lower muscle power output, which contributed to the reduction of the heat production.
Floristic Assessment of the Mt. Bandila-an Forest Reserve in Siquijor, Philippines
Authors: Aureo Wilbert A. , Reyes Tomas D. , Jose Reizl P. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mt. Bandila-an Forest Reserve is among the remaining areas with patches of closed forests in Siquijor. This forest reserve is one of the potential key biodiversity areas in Central Visayas, yet the vegetation is not fully documented. This study was conducted to specifically determine the species composition and diversity of plant species. Eight randomly distributed nested plots, each with a dimension of 20m x 100m and subdivided to 5 equal segments of 20m x 20m, were established. A total of 188 species of plants were recorded in the plots, distributed to 131 trees, 23 shrubs, 14 vines, 11 herbs, and 9 ferns. Common plant families with more than 6 representative species were Moraceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Araceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae and Myrtaceae. There were 19 threatened (vulnerable to critically endangered) and 33 endemic species recorded in the forest reserve highlighting the importance to further conserve the area. The cluster analysis and species accumulation curve suggest that plant species are not homogeneously distributed which implies that different management and conservation strategies should be implemented across MBFR. These results not only indicate the importance of MBFR but also highlights areas with higher diversity and concentration of threatened and endemic species as a special area of concern.
Mit Aufgaben im inklusiven Mathematikunterricht professionell umgehen - Erkenntnisse einer Interviewstudie mit Lehrpersonen der Sekundarstufe
Authors: Häsel-Weide Uta , Seitz Simone , Wallner Melina , Wilke Yannik , Heckmann Lara 
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag legt Befunde einer interdisziplinär angelegten qualitativen Studie mit angehenden und erfahrenen Lehrpersonen dar, wobei im vorliegenden Beitrag spezifisch die Expertise in Bezug zum Gegenstand Aufgaben fokussiert wird. Um diese zugänglich zu machen, wurden in unserer Studie Expert*innen und Noviz*innen mit erzählgenerierenden Interviews befragt, die in einer Triangulation von qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse und dokumentarischer Methode ausgewertet wurden. Die Ergebnisse zum Interviewgegenstand Aufgaben zeichnen ein heterogenes Bild der Orientierungen, die vor allem die Spannungsfelder inklusionspädagogisch-fachlichen Handelns unter sekundarstufenspezifischen strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen sichtbar machen. Aus den Erkenntnissen werden Folgerungen für die universitäre Bildung abgeleitet.

Abstract
The paper presents the findings of an interdisciplinary qualitative interview study with prospective and experienced teachers, whereby the focus of the present paper is on the expertise in relation to the subject tasks. In order to make these accessible, our study questioned experts and novices with narrative-generating interviews, which were evaluated in a triangulation of qualitative content analysis and documentary method. The results of the interviews about the subject tasks draw a heterogeneous picture. This concerns both the explicitness of the interweaving and the visible orientations towards inclusive teaching, which make the areas of tension between pedagogical and professional action under the structural, administrative framework conditions visible. Conclusions for university teaching with prospective teachers will be derived from the findings.
Seeing through metamorphic overprints in Archean granulites: Combined high-resolution thermometry and phase equilibrium modeling of the Lewisian Complex, Scotland
Authors: Gopon Phillip , Forshaw Jacob B. , Wade Jon , Waters David J. , Gopon Christine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Lewisian Complex in northwest Scotland presents a record of the transition from the Neo-Archean to the Paleoproterozoic. However, this record is complicated by a long and varied history after peak metamorphism that has erased and/or partially reset much of the early history of the rocks. Such overprinting is a common feature of Archean granulites and poses a substantial problem when trying to understand the tectonic processes that were active prior to the onset of modern plate tectonics.
By combining careful petrography with phase diagram modeling and a range of exchange thermometers we obtain the peak and retrograde temperature history of the Lewisian Complex from a single, well-preserved, representative sample of garnet-bearing mafic granulite. We present the application of high-resolution electron probe microanalysis (HR-EPMA) to characterize sub-micrometer orthopyroxene exsolution lamellae in clinopyroxene. We discuss ways to mitigate issues associated with HR-EPMA including surface contamination, beam drift, standards, and the need to correct for secondary fluorescence effects. The resulting compositions from our HR-EPMA analyses provide an independent measure of the retrograde temperature conditions and can also be used to back-calculate the compositions of clinopyroxene in the peak assemblage.
We obtain peak metamorphic conditions for the Lewisian of &gt;11 kbar and &gt;1025 °C, and constrain subsequent metamorphic overprints to 850 °C (Grt-Cpx), 590 °C (Opx-Cpx), and 460 °C (Mag-Ilm). These peak and retrograde temperatures span the range of those found in the literature. Whereas recent phase equilibrium studies assume equilibrium among all preserved high-T minerals, this study considers microstructural and mineral-chemical evidence for corona formation that reflects post-peak decompression with partial equilibration at ~850 °C, as recognized in some earlier studies.
Microbial source tracking of fecal contamination in Laguna Lake, Philippines using the library-dependent method, rep-PCR
Authors: dela Peña Laurice Beatrice Raphaelle O. , Labrador Kevin L. , Nacario Mae Ashley G. , Bolo Nicole R. , Rivera Windell L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Laguna Lake is an economically important resource in the Philippines, with reports of declining water quality due to fecal pollution. Currently, monitoring methods rely on counting fecal indicator bacteria, which does not supply information on potential sources of contamination. In this study, we predicted sources of Escherichia coli in lake stations and tributaries by establishing a fecal source library composed of rep-PCR DNA fingerprints of human, cattle, swine, poultry, and sewage samples (n = 1,408). We also evaluated three statistical methods for predicting fecal contamination sources in surface waters. Random forest (RF) outperformed k-nearest neighbors and discriminant analysis of principal components in terms of average rates of correct classification in two- (84.85%), three- (82.45%), and five-way (74.77%) categorical splits. Overall, RF exhibited the most balanced prediction, which is crucial for disproportionate libraries. Source tracking of environmental isolates (n = 332) revealed the dominance of sewage (47.59%) followed by human sources (29.22%), poultry (12.65%), swine (7.23%), and cattle (3.31%) using RF. This study demonstrates the promising utility of a library-dependent method in augmenting current monitoring systems for source attribution of fecal contamination in Laguna Lake. This is also the first known report of microbial source tracking using rep-PCR conducted in surface waters of the Laguna Lake watershed.
Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Bechlioulis Aris , Lakkas Lampros , Rammos Aidonis , Katsouras Christos , Michalis Lampros , Naka Katerina 
Published: September 2021

:
Heart failure (HF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are common clinical entities, closely interrelated,
sharing multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. Their co-incidence is associated with further worsening
of the prognosis of one another. Despite their frequent co-existence, important clinical questions still remain
unanswered. The risk of VTE especially in chronic HF patients appears to vary widely in clinical studies, while
the VTE-associated risk in HF patients is still not well determined and cannot be accurately predicted. Although
scientific guidelines recommend venous thromboprophylaxis in patients hospitalized with an acute HF syndrome,
venous thromboprophylaxis has not been studied adequately in prospective trials in ambulatory HF patients.
In the present review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of VTE and
HF, the risk prediction for VTE occurrence in HF patients, the impact on patient outcome, and the need for anticoagulation
in certain HF subgroups to improve prognosis, while we sought to identify gaps in knowledge that
need to be addressed in the future.
SARS-COV-2 in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Possible Roles of Exercise
Training as a Medicine
Authors: Parvani Mohsen , Kushkestani Mehdi , Kazemzadeh Yaser 
Published: September 2021

:
SARS-COV-2 is the novel type of beta coronavirus that was first evolved in December
2019 in Wuhan, China. People with type 2 diabetes are the most vulnerable group to SARS-COV-2
and its associated complications. Many factors such as medication, pathophysiologic-induced compensatory
mechanisms, and alterations in protein expression and immune system function can all
contribute to severe outcomes in diabetics. In this review article, we first described the possible
mechanisms of increased risk and more severe complications rate of SARS-COV-2 in diabetic patients.
Secondly, we discussed the crucial role of exercise in diabetic patients in balancing the RAS
system (ACE2/ACE). Finally, we examine the possible roles of acute and chronic exercise in reducing
SARS-COV-2 severe outcomes in people with diabetes in accordance with the latest evidence.
We concluded that regular exercise (especially moderate-intensity exercise) can play a role in immune-
enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities and can balance the ACE2/ACE ratio
(decreasing ANG2 levels) in diabetic subjects.
Biomarkers in Unstable Carotid Plaque: Physiopathology and Prediction
Authors: Siniscalchi Antonio , Murphy Sean , Gray Cleona , De Sarro Giovambattista , Gallelli Luca 
Published: September 2021

Aims:
To study the role of cytokines and vascular inflammatory biomarkers in unstable
carotid plaque

Background:
Clinical studies showed that not only the degree of stenosis but also the type of
carotid plaque can be responsible for ipsilateral ischemic stroke.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to suggest a role for vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic disease
in the occurrence of ischemic stroke.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and reference lists have been used to evaluate articles
published until February 15, 2021.

Results:
Several factors may be involved in unstable plaque. Clinical studies support the involvement
of brain inflammatory biomarkers as well as cytokines in the unstable carotid plaque.

Conclusions:
Biomarkers could help to stratify patients with a vulnerable carotid plaque and to personalize
the drug treatment. In this review, we briefly discuss the characteristics of vulnerable
plaque and the role of biomarkers in the vulnerable carotid plaque.
Combined Treatment with Laser Ablation and Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitor
as A Novel Multimodality Approach to Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer:
A Case Report
Authors: Persichetti Agnese , Monti Salvatore , Coccaro Carmela , Presciuttini Federica , Deiana Maria Grazia , Bizzarri Giancarlo , Bianchini Antonio , Triggiani Vincenzo , Papini Enrico , Guglielmi Rinaldo 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Direct locoregional treatments were recently proposed for the local control
of cervical and distant metastasis of thyroid cancer, but data on their use as part of a multimodality
approach for primary thyroid tumors are poor. In this feasibility study, laser ablation (LTA)
was successfully used for the initial debulking of unresectable radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer
in sequential therapy with Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors (TKI).

Case Presentation:
A 69-year-old woman underwent partial resection of papillary thyroid cancer
with extensive tracheal infiltration. Post-treatment whole-body scan (131I, 8140 MBq) showed the
absence of cervical thyroid uptake. The patient experienced a rapid increase in her cervical mass associated
with dysphonia, dyspnea, and dysphagia. Due to a concomitant severe hypertensive state
and cardiac failure, the patient was treated with LTA after a multidisciplinary consultation. After local
anesthesia, two 300 nm optic fibers were inserted into the lesion through 21G spinal needles.
Two illuminations with 4-watt output power and 3600 Joules energy delivery were performed with
a diode-laser source. LTA resulted in rapid cancer debulking, and mass volume decreased from
23.9 to 7.5 mL resulting in significant improvement of pressure symptoms. Three months later, the
patient was started on lenvatinib due to the initial regrowth of the tumor mass. The cervical tumor
burden was controlled by TKI for 20 months when a rapid disease progression occurred, and the patient
died.

Discussion:
Locally advanced, unresectable, and radioiodine-refractory thyroid tumors can be managed
with a novel multimodality approach. The initial debulking with LTA of the locally aggressive
disease results in rapid control of the tumor burden threatening patients’ life and is effectively
followed by long-term control with TKI treatment.

Conclusion:
Based on this experience, sequential multimodality treatment with an initial locally directed
laser ablation procedure followed by TKI therapy may be considered as a salvage option in
patients with unresectable and rapidly progressive RR thyroid tumors.