bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotational Stability of Proximally Unlocked Retrograde Femoral Nail In Damage Control Surgery – Biomechanical Study
Authors: Muzaffar Rahil , Zeedi Muadh Hamood Nasser Al , Alam Khurshid , Yaseen Ahmed , Maskari Sultan Al 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: This biomechanical study was performed to look into the rotational stability of retrograde femoral intramedullary nail when it is used without proximal locking as a damage control device for management of femoral shaft fractures in emergency situations. This study compares this technique with the accepted methods for femoral shaft fixations in damage control surgeries. An alternative technique of using lateral compression screw to provide additional rotational stability is described.METHODS: Experiments were divided into four different sets. Distally locked retrograde nail was passed across the fracture without any proximal fixation in set 1, a compression screw passed from lateral cortex in set 2, a proximal locking screw fixation in set 3. In set 4, Saw bone was fixed with external fixator.The lateral compression screw group was further sub divided into three subgroups based on the amount of torque applied manually.The torsion test was applied to create an rotational displacement of 10 degrees and the maximum load required to create the rotational displacement was noted.RESULTS: Application of a compression screw improved the rotational stability significantly in comparison to no proximal locking. In the subgroup III of lateral compression screw application, the rotational stability was found to be equivalent to stability achieved with Nail with proximal locking and was found to be greater in comparison to external fixator application.CONCLUSION: This study shows that the addition of a lateral compression screw significantly improves rotational stability and has the potential to be used in emergency lifesaving procedures.
Mid-Upper Arm Circumference as an Indicator of Quality of Life of Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Won Seon-Hye , Hiratsuka Yusuke , Suh Sang-Yeon , Bae Hayoung , Choi Sung-Eun , Kim Yu Jung , Kang Bodeul , Lee Si Won , Suh Koung Jin , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Jin Won , Lee Keun-Wook 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has been used to assess malnutrition and health status across various disease groups. However, it is unclear whether MUAC is associated with quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced cancer. Our goal was to investigate the relationship between MUAC and QOL in ambulatory out-patients with advanced cancer.
Method
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary cancer center in South Korea. A total of 200 patients with advanced cancer at oncology clinics of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled. Out-patients with advanced cancer whose survival was expected to be less than one year by their oncologists were enrolled. QOL of patients was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Associations of QOL with MUAC and nutritional parameters were examined with generalized linear models.
Results
The most common cancer sites were the lung, colon or rectum, and genitourinary tract. In univariate analyses, significant factors associated with higher summary score of EORTC QLQ-C30 were higher MUAC (≥ 26.5 cm, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (≥ 22 kg/m2, p < 0.001), higher serum albumin (≥ 3.7 g/dL, p = 0.004), higher creatinine (≥ 0.8 mg/dL, p = 0.023), and higher uric acid (≥ 5 mg/dL, p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, higher serum albumin (≥ 3.7 g/dL, p < 0.01) and higher MUAC (≥ 26.5 cm, p = 0.03) were independently associated with better summary score of EORTC QLQ-C-30.
Conclusion
MUAC was highly associated with QOL in terms of summary score and overall health status. Thus, MUAC, with its simplicity, can be a useful tool to reflect QOL in patients with advanced cancer.
Impact of Salivary and Pancreatic Amylase Gene Copy Numbers on Diabetes, Obesity, and Functional Profiles of Microbiome in Northern Japanese Population
Authors: Hasegawa Takanori , Kakuta Masanori , Yamaguchi Rui , Sato Noriaki , Mikami Tatsuya , Murashita Koichi , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Itoh Ken , Imoto Seiya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Amylase genes reside in a structurally complex locus, and their copy numbers vary greatly, and several studies have reported their association with obesity. The mechanism of this effect was partially explained by changes in the oral and gut microbiome compositions; however, a detailed mechanism has been unclarified. In this study, we showed their association with diabetes in addition to obesity, and further discovered a plausible mechanism of this association based on the function of commensal bacterial. First, we confirmed that the amylase copy number in the population tends to be larger than that reported in other studies and that there is a positive association between obesity and diabetes (p=1.95E-2 and 3.28E-2). Second, we identified that relative abundance of some genus level microbiome, Capnocytophaga, Dialister, and previously reported bacteria, were significantly associated with amylase copy numbers. Finally, through functional gene-set analysis using shotgun sequencing, we observed that the abundance of genes in the Acarbose pathway in the gut microbiome was significantly decreased with an increase in the amylase copy number (p-value = 5.80E-4). Our findings can partly explain the mechanism underlying obesity and diabetes in populations with high amylase copy numbers.
Creation of a Tool to Evaluate Supportive Care: Experiences from Socioesthetics
Authors: Giacchero Damien , Buiret Guillaume , Grosjean Cecile , TAIEB CHARLES , Saghatchian Mahasti , Krakowski Ivan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The absence of a specific tool to evaluate the impact of Supportive care in general and socioesthetics in particular as a rendered medical service is undoubtedly at the origin of the lack of published research based on scientific standards.In this context, we developed one supportive-care patient-reported outcome [PRO] using the multistep methods following COSMIN recommendations. Its construction followed all recommended steps: elaboration of the questionnaire, measurement properties of the questionnaire, internal and external validation, test-retest validation and translation, cross-cultural adaptation and cognitive debriefing. In total, our questionnaire includes11 items. It is scored by adding each VAS, making it range from 0 to 110, with a higher benefit when the score is higher. The Cronbach’s α coefficient is 0.88 for the entire questionnaire. The questionnaire thus constructed is a reflection of the patient's feelings, and it is quite natural that the name The “patient centricity questionnaire” (PCQ) was retained and validated by the Scientific Committee. The PCQ correlated negatively and moderately with the PSS, positively and moderately with the mental dimension of the and poorly with the WB12, the physical dimension of the SF-12 and the satisfaction EVA. Constructed according to the recommendations, the PCQ meets the prerequisite for this type of questionnaire. Its short format (11 questions) and simplicity of use allow it to be used by a large number of people and provides an pragmatic answer by making available to research teams a simple, reliable, easy-to-use and validated tool. It makes possible randomized studies to prove the impact on quality of life of the Supportive care in general and socioesthetics" in particular.
Development of a Kriging Assessment Framework and Impact Pathway for Researching Contamination With Potentially Toxic Elements in Urban Landfill Soil
Authors: Bakar Azizi Abu , Yoneda Minoru , Mahmood Noor Zalina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Landfill post-closure with contaminant concentration in soil below permissible limit assessed at limited spot does not represent the contamination issue. Assessment limit to professionals also does not gives a potential of change to practice constant assessment to a wider context of assessor - citizen living nearby - as a collaborative effort to sustain a safe environment. Therefore sizeable, qualitative, and cost-effective analysis of the concentrations of contaminants is needed and this work recommends kriging assessment and the logical impact pathway framework as factors of change in landfill aftercare management. The kriging framework is developed utilising lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) data from inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. The development of the kriging framework is conducted based on the observation of censored data from ICP-MS analysis. The estimation analysis involves the analysis of ordinary kriging with regression analysis, showing the interpolation of spatial correlation and regression error. Hence, ordinary kriging with regression of the variable of interest, i.e., Pb, using the data of the explanatory variable, i.e., Cr, is inappropriate. Further investigation with the utilisation of guess-field kriging analysis hypothetically exposed a potential contaminated area using an existing but limited number of explanatory variables; although, guess-field kriging may possibly result immense uncertainty at the area where the explanatory variable does not exist. Besides, this work anticipated outcomes in societal impact and sustainability practices from the proposed kriging framework by recommending a logical impact pathway. The development of the kriging framework and impact pathway reassure the necessary actions to be executed by responsible parties and act as the stimulus of a wider spectrum of improvement initiatives to oversee real issues, such as the time of occurrence, and to prevent negative impacts on the environment and humans.
Clinical Study of THSD7A, SOD2 and AR Antigens in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Wang Honggang , Zhao Tingting , Dong Jianwei , Zhou Yan , Huang Jing , Gao Caifeng , Chen Lei , Li Jiatong , Wang Rong , Chen Bing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

To explore the expression of THSD7A, SOD2 and AR podocyte antigens in the renal tissue of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and its clinical diagnostic value in IMN.
Method

This study retrospectively collected 150 renal tissue specimens and clinical data of patients undergoing renal biopsy in the Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, including 130 IMN and 20 non-IMN patients. We use immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of THSD7A, SOD2, AR antigens in the kidney tissue of patients. We focus on analyzing the clinical and pathological characteristics of IMN patients with positive THSD7A antigen expression, and analyze the prognosis of THSD7A-IMN patients and tumor occurrence. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of those antigens for the diagnosis of IMN were discussed.
Results

There were only 6 patients with THSD7A positive expression among 150 patients with glomerular disease, of which 5 patients were all IMN patients, and the patients' serum anti-PLA2R antibodies(anti-PLA2R-ab) were all negative. The positive rate of THSD7A in IMN was 3.85%, and the positive rate in IMN patients with anti-PLA2R-ab negative was 5.50%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of renal tissue THSD7A in diagnosing IMN is 4.0% and 95%. In addition, the IgG subtype of THSD7A-IMN was mainly IgG4; Among them, 2 patients with IMN had both THSD7A and PLA2R antigen staining. This study also suggests that there is no significant difference in clinical and pathological characteristics between THSD7A positive and negative group. The follow-up of THSD7A-IMN patients found no tumors. This study also showed that there were 11 cases of anti-PLA2R-ab negative IMN patients with SOD2 antigen expression (8.56%), 10 cases of anti-PLA2R-ab negative and 4 cases of anti-PLA2R-ab positive IMN patients with AR antigen expression (10.77%), but no obvious SOD2 and AR antigen expression in SMN and other glomerular diseases.
Conclusions

Glomerular THSD7A antigen has a certain expression rate and high specificity in IMN, but its expression rate is low, and it can be used as a specific diagnostic index for IMN supplement. Kidney tissue SOD2, AR podocyte target antigens have a low positive rate in IMN, and further research is needed to evaluate the condition of IMN.
Species-Specific Effects of Microplastics On Juvenile Fishes
Authors: Zhang Chaonan , Wang Qiujie , Zuo Zhiheng , Pan Zhengkun , Wang Shaodan , Xu Guohuan , Zou Jixing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microplastics contamination have been extensively reported in aquatic ecosystem and organisms. It is wildly acknowledged that the ingestion, accumulation and elimination of microplastics in fishes are species-specific, which mainly depending on the feeding behavior. This study aims to investigate the effects of microplastics on the morphology and inflammatory response in intestines of fishes with different feeding types. Largemouth bass (carnivorous fish), grass carp (herbivorous fish) and Jian carp (omnivorous fish) were used as organism model. The contributing concentration and size of microplastics are explored as well as the response time and legacy effect in fishes. Two different sizes of polystyrene microplastics (8 μm and 80 nm) were set at three concentrations. And samples were analyzed at different exposure times and depuration times. Histological analysis indicated that multiple abnormalities in intestines are presented in three species fishes after acute exposure microplastics. The mRNA abundance of immune-related genes in the intestine tissues of fishes were significantly induced or restrained. There were differential expressions of genes coping with differential sizes and concentrations of microplastics exposure in different fishes. The reason for the difference effects of microplastics on fishes was still unclear but could be due to the difference in the structure and function of the digestive system. These results provide a theoretical basis to further analysis of the mechanism of fish intestinal pathology caused by microplastics.
Differential Responses of Ceratitis Capitata to Infection by the Entomopathogenic Fungus Purpureocillium Lilacinum.
Authors: Djobbi Wafa , Guerfali Meriem Msaad , Vallier Agnès , Charaabi Kamel , Maire Justin , Parisot Niclas , Charles Hubert , Hamden Haytham , Fadhl Salma , Heddi Abdelaziz , Cherif Ameur 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ceratitis capitata (medfly), is one of the most injurious pests of fruits with quarantine importance because of its extremely wide host range. The use of entomopathogenic fungi constitutes a promising approach for potential applications in integrated pest management. Nonetheless, developing methods of insect control can also involve the use of fungal machinery to produce metabolic disturbance that can increase its effectiveness by producing a detrimental effect on insect development. Insect species, such as Ceratitis capitata, depend on reproduction potential, nutrient reserves, metabolic activities and immune response for their survival. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to use the entomopathogenic fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum to investigate, its sublethal effects on Ceratitis capitata. Laboratory bioassays were conducted on medfly V8 strain. The bioassays were monitored to determine the virulence of P. lilacinum on the fruit fly. P. lilacinum was tested against 5 days-old males and females, through abdominal topical applications. Following the fungal inoculation, we showed (i) a significant increase of sugar amount in tissues, (ii) a significant decrease in carbohydrase activities, digestive glycosyl hydrolase and proteinase activities in whole midguts of treated flies, (iii) an over-expression of Takeout and Attacin-A genes induced by infection. Moreover, the up-regulations observed for relish, cecropin 1, ceratotox-A and defensin genes are due to physiological mechanisms occurring during infection.
How Will Foreign Trade Affect Green Economic Efficiency in Sub-developed Region? An Empirical Research Based on the Data From Central China
Authors: Zhang Jianqing , Gong Enze , Zhao Cuizehao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Foreign trade in sub-developed regions may lead to serious environmental problems. Impact of foreign trade in sub-developed regions on green economic efficiency and its possible impact channels are qualitatively analyzed, empirical tests are conducted based on the data of 80 Prefecture-level cities in Central China. Results show that: 1. Foreign trade of Central China will have a significant direct negative impact on green economic efficiency, which is not conducive to green growth. 2. Expanding the scale of foreign trade in Central China will stimulate industries agglomerate to big cities and promote the level of industrial specialization within the region, which will have indirect negative impacts on green economic efficiency. 3. Foreign trade in Central China will improve the policy environment for industrial development, then have an indirect positive impact on green economic efficiency, whereas its impact on technological innovation is not significant. 4. Impact of foreign trade in different cities in Central China on green economic efficiency are heterogeneous from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity and from the perspective of city characteristic heterogeneity, and when environmental regulation exceeds a certain threshold, the negative impact of foreign trade on green economic efficiency will turn to positive. Policy implications are proposed.
Nonlinear Chen-Lee Chaotic System Based Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Nets for Chatter Diagnosis
Authors: Kuo Ping-Huan , Luan Po-Chien , Tseng Yung-Ruen , Yau Her-Terng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chatter has a direct effect on the precision and life of machine tools and its detection is a crucial issue in all metal machining processes. Traditional methods focus on how to extract discriminative features to help identify chatter. Nowadays, deep learning models have shown an extraordinary ability to extract data features which are their necessary fuel. In this study deep learning models have been substituted for more traditional methods. Chatter data are rare and valuable because the collecting process is extremely difficult. To solve this practical problem an innovative training strategy has been proposed that is combined with a modified convolutional neural network and deep convolutional generative adversarial nets. This improves chatter detection and classification. Convolutional neural networks can be effective chatter classifiers, and adversarial networks can act as generators that produce more data. The convolutional neural networks were trained using original data as well as by forged data produced by the generator. Original training data were collected and preprocessed by the Chen-Lee chaotic system. The adversarial training process used these data to create the generator and the generator could produce enough data to compensate for the lack of training data. The experimental results were compared with without a data generator and data augmentation. The proposed method had an accuracy of 95.3% on leave-one-out cross-validation over ten runs and surpassed other methods and models. The forged data were also compared with original training data as well as data produced by augmentation. The distribution shows that forged data had similar quality and characteristics to the original data. The proposed training strategy provides a high-quality deep learning chatter detection model.
Olfactory Sensory Neuron: Immunohistochemical Markers, Technique of Flat-Mounted Mucosa and Cell Count
Authors: Gavid Marie , Coulomb Louise , Thomas Justin , Rigaill Josselin , Chaux Robin , Mentek Marielle , Prades Jean Michel , Thuret Gilles , Gain Philippe , He Zhiguo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A classification of olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) markers, a simple and robust technique of immunostaining on flat-mounted olfactory epithelium (OE) and a reliable quantification of the density of mature and immature OSNs are three crucial tools to study the pathophysiology of olfactory dysfunction. Using the rat model, we first categorized the main OSN markers by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on cross sections of OE. The OSN markers were divided into 3 groups: mature OSNs (OMP), immature OSNs (Tuj-1, DCX, OLIG2) and both (N-cadherin, LHX2, PGP9.5). The subcellular localization of each marker was also described. Tuj-1, OMP, DCX, PGP9.5 and N-cadherin were selected for immunostaining on flat-mounted OE because of their staining of OSN dendrites. We were able to successfully label OE with all the 5 markers using a simple technique for flat-mounted OE. In addition, this technique allowed the first mapping of the OE directly on the ethmoid turbinates. Finally, we quantified the mature (OMP+, Tuj-1-), immature (OMP-, Tuj-1+), transitory (OMP+, Tuj-1+) and total OSN density which were respectively 42080 ± 11820, 49384 ± 7134, 14448 ± 5865 and 105912 ± 13899 per mm2 (mean ± SD). The transitory population was quantified for the first time.
Liquefaction Potential Determination and Hazard Mapping Based on Standard Penetration Tests in Long Beach and Tuzla Regions of Cyprus
Authors: Selcukhan Onur , Ekinci Abdullah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study proposes an improved and precise liquefaction risk index for the evaluation and translation of outcomes into maps to establish susceptible liquefiable areas. Cyprus is the third largest and populated island in the Mediterranean Sea, which is rapidly expanding in every way. Significant infrastructures, such as hotels, educational institutions, and large residential complexes are being built. Historically, two major earthquakes with magnitudes of 6.5 Mw struck the island in 1953 and 1996. Potential liquefaction areas have been detected on the island's east coast as a result of these significant earthquakes. In this case study, the liquefaction potential of Tuzla and Long Beach in the northern part of Cyprus is estimated using the standard penetration test (SPT) data from more than 200 boreholes at different locations at the sites. The overall results are presented in a liquefaction risk index obtained from the factor of safety (FS) coefficient. It is clear that both study areas are susceptible to liquefaction. Thus, risk index maps are prepared to identify susceptible liquefiable areas. In addition, the average factor of the safety line was introduced for both sites to create a correlation between the liquefaction risk area and FS values of every borehole. It is clear that the adopted approach precisely provides the suspected depth of the liquefiable soil layer when compared with the risk index maps. Additionally, the results prove that the liquefaction potential must be considered during the design stage of new infrastructure in these areas.