bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herbal Plethora for Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders:
An Invigorating Outlook
Authors: Yadav Garima , Ansari Tarique Mahmood , Shamim Arshiya , Roy Supriya , Khan Mohd Masih Uzzaman , Ahsan Farogh , Shariq Mohammad , Parveen Saba , Wasim Rufaida 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
Oxidative stress, proteasomal impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction,
and accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates have shovelled a major section of the senior
population towards neurodegenerative disorders. Although age, genetic and environmental factors
are thought to play a significant role, drug abuse is considered to be a potent trigger in
Parkinsonism among the young generation. The present study is a critical examination of herbal
resources for attenuation of neurodegeneration.

Materials and Methods:
The following electronic databases have been used to search for literature:
MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE

Results :
Paying heed to the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and
Parkinson’s, the current review encompasses the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration at the cellular
level and possible prospects to overcome the challenge sailing through the ocean of herbal
boon. The United States’s Alzheimer’s Association states that deaths attributable to heart disease
in the country fell by 11% between 2000 and 2015, while deaths from neurodegenerative
diseases increased by a staggering 123% making it, the world’s sixth-leading cause of death.
The irreversible pathological damage amounts to cognitive loss, dementia, Amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD) Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Various herbal drugs like Brahmi, Shankhpushpi, and Amla are reported to be rich in phytoconstituents
like flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, fatty acids, sterols, tannins, saponins, and
terpenes that have remarkable antioxidant potential and could be explored for the same to prevent
neuronal necrosis.

Conclusion:
It is also believed that herbal medicines are more effective and less toxic than
synthetic drugs.
Recent Patents for Control Devices of Fluid Pressure
Authors: Xie Baocheng , Wang Yi , Li Chaoxiang , Zhang Hanyang , Zhang Yongxing , Su Haobin 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Fluid pressure, an important parameter of fluid flow, affects the control
accuracy and stability of fluid transmission. The control devices of fluid pressure are widely applied
to the mechanical transmission control, which is the main means to change the fluid pressure and
improve control accuracy and stability in the mechanical transmission system. To control the accuracy
and stability of the fluid transmission, the pressure control device is divided into pressure reduction
devices, pressurization devices, and stabilizing pressure devices. The characteristics of pressure
control devices with different functions are analyzed from the structure of the device. Thus,
more and more attention has been paid to the control devices of fluid pressure.

Objective:
To meet the increasing requirement of control accuracy and stability of fluid transmission,
the control devices of fluid pressure, such as pressure reduction devices, pressurization devices,
and stabilizing pressure devices, are being improved continuously.

Methods:
This paper reviews various current representative patents related to pressure reduction
devices, pressurization devices, and stabilizing pressure devices of fluid pressure.

Results:
By investigating various patents on the control devices of fluid pressure, the main current
existing problems of the pressure control devices, such as low control accuracy and poor stability,
are summarized and analyzed. Furthermore, the development trend of the control devices of fluid
pressure has also been discussed.

Conclusion:
The optimization of the structure and function of the control devices of fluid pressure
is conducive to improve the control accuracy and stability of transmission of the fluid. More relevant
patents will be invented in the future.
Green Computing for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks: Energy oriented Cross Layer Modelling
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Ram Mahendra , Kumar Arvind , Kharel Rupak 
Published: September 2021

Background:Enabling industrial environment with automation is growing trend due to the recent developments as industry 4.0 centric production. The industrial wireless sensor network environments have a number of constraints, including densely deployed nodes, delay constraint for mechanical operation, and access constraints due to node position within instruments. The related literature have applied existing models of wireless sensor network in industrial environment without appropriate updating in the different layers of communication, which results in performance degradation in realistic industrial scenario.Method:This paper presents a framework for Energy Oriented Cross Layer Data Dissemination Path (E-CLD2P) towards enabling green computing in industrial wireless sensor network environments. It is a cross-layer design approach considering deployment of sensors at the physical layer up to data dissemination at the network layer and smart services at application layer. In particular, an energy centric virtual circular deployment visualization model is presented focusing on physical layer signal transmission characteristics in industrial WSNs scenario. A delay centric angular striping is designed for cluster based angular transmission to support deadline constrained industrial operation in the WSNs environments. Algorithms for energy centric delivery path formulation and node’s role transfer are developed to support green computing in restricted access industrial WSNs scenario.Results:The green computing framework is implemented to evaluate the performance in a realistic industrial WSNs environment.Conclusion:The performance evaluation attests the benefits in terms of number of metrics in realistic industrial constrained environments.
Novel Chalcone BDD-39 Mitigated Diabetic Nephropathy through the Activation
of Nrf2/ARE Signaling
Authors: Yin Xiaoxing , Adelusi Temitope , Li Xizhi , Xu Liu , Du Lei , Hao Meng , Zhou Xueyan , Chowdhry Apu , Sun Ying , Gu Xiaoke , Lu Qian 
Published: September 2021

Background:
In this study, we investigated the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway activating
capacity of Biphenyl Diester Derivative-39 (BDD-39) in diabetic nephropathy in order to elucidate
the mechanism surrounding its antidiabetic potential.

Objectives:
Protein expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1 and biomarkers of kidney fibrosis were executed
after which mRNA levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 were estimated after creating the models
following BBD-39 treatment.

Methods:
Type 2 diabetes model was established in mice with high-fat diet feeding combined with
streptozocin intraperitoneal administration. The diabetic mice were then treated with BDD-39 (15,
45mg· kg-1· d-1, ig) or a positive control drug resveratrol (45mg· kg-1·d-1, ig) for 8 weeks. Staining
techniques were used to investigate collagen deposition in the glomerulus of the renal cortex and also
to investigate the expression and localization of Nrf2 and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins
(collagen IV and laminin) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we studied the mechanism of action of
BDD-39 using RNA-mediated Nrf2 silencing technique in mouse SV40 glomerular mesangial cells
(SV40 GM cells).

Results:
We found that BDD-39 activates Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, promotes Nrf2 nuclear
translocation (Nrf2nuc/Nrf2cyt) and modulate prominent biomarkers of kidney fibrosis at the protein
level. However, BDD-39 could not activate Nrf2/ARE signaling in RNA-mediated Nrf2-silenced
HG-cultured SV40 GM cells.

Conclusion:
Taken together, this study demonstrates for the first time that BDD-39 ameliorates experimental
DN through attenuation of renal fibrosis progression and modulation of Nrf2/ARE signaling
pathway.
Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Alkali-Treated Wheat Straw Using
P-SSF Process and Bioconversion of Hemicellulosic Fraction into High-
Value Products
Authors: Patel Amisha , Patel Harshvadan , Shah Amita 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive resource for the production of
ethanol because of its abundance and lower cost. The economics of lignocellulosic ethanol production
can be improved by enhancing the ethanol titres along with the utilisation of waste generated
during the bioconversion process.

Objective:
The present study was aimed at the development of a bioconversion process for producing
a high concentration of ethanol from alkali-treated cellulose-rich wheat straw (WS) and utilization
of unused hemicellulosic fraction into value added products.

Methods:
WS was subjected to microwave-assisted alkali (MAA) treatment. Scanning electron microscopy
and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to analyse structural changes in
untreated and pretreated WS. Bioethanol production from pretreated WS was carried out by pre hydrolysis
and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (P-SSF) process using newly isolated
Saccharomyces cerevisisae SM1. Liquid fraction generated during pretreatment was utilised for xylooligosaccharides
(XOS) production using indigenously produced endoxylanase.

Results:
MAA treatment of WS was successful in enriching the cellulose content of WS by solubilizing
hemicellulose and lignin. Ethanol fermentation by the P-SSF method leads to the high concentration
of ethanol (42.10±1.15 g/L) in 48 h. Ethanol productivity and yield were 0.88 g/L/h and
69.14%, respectively. It can be predicted that 7.143 tons of raw WS may be required to produce 1
ton of ethanol, and for additional revenue, 191.93 kg xylitol and 263.58 kg XOS (DP2 - DP5) can
also be produced simultaneously.

Conclusion:
The study has demonstrated the feasibility of a bio-refinery process for the production
of value-added compounds in addition to high ethanol yields.
Understanding congruence in person-centred counselling practice: A trainee counsellor’s perspective
Authors: Sutanti Natri 
Published: September 2021

Congruence is a condition in therapeutic relationship that refers to accurate matching of a person’s experience with awareness. In person-centred counselling, counsellor’s congruence is believed as one of helpful and significant aspects that facilitates clients’ growth in counselling. However, this term is quite difficult to understand as a single condition as it interrelated to the other conditions such as empathy and unconditional positive regard. Understanding congruence theoretically and practically is intriguing as well as challenging especially for a trainee counsellor that is still learning to apply theory on practice. This paper aims to critically explore congruence from person-centred counselling theory and to demonstrate some evidences of the development of congruence in practice based on the author’s counselling practice as a trainee counsellor. There are three main discussions in this paper that is to explain congruence from the theoretical point of view, to understand the relation between congruence and acceptance and to explore congruence in person-centred practice. The exploration found that trainee counsellor’s cultural background including condition of worth and language barrier is one of challenges in experiencing congruence within person-centred counselling practice.Keywords: congruence, person-centred counselling, unconditional positive regard, ontological standpoint
Associations Between Online Pornography Consumption and Sexual Dysfunction in Young Men: Multivariate Analysis Based on an International Web-Based Survey
Authors: Jacobs Tim , Geysemans Björn , Van Hal Guido , Glazemakers Inge , Fog-Poulsen Kristian , Vermandel Alexandra , De Wachter Stefan , De Win Gunter 
Published: September 2021

Background
Expanding access to the internet has resulted in more and earlier consumption of online pornography. At the same time, a higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among young men is seen. Increased pornography consumption has been suggested as a possible explanation for this rise.

Objective
The aim of this study was to better understand associations between problematic pornography consumption (PPC) and ED.

Methods
A 118-item survey was published online, and data collection took place between April 2019 and May 2020. Of the 5770 men who responded, the responses from 3419 men between 18 years old and 35 years old were analyzed. The survey used validated questionnaires such as the Cyber Pornography Addiction Test (CYPAT), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C). The estimated amount of porn watching was calculated. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed. For the multivariable analysis, a logistic regression model using a directed acyclic graph was used.

Results
According to their IIEF-5 scores, 21.48% (444/2067) of our sexually active participants (ie, those who attempted penetrative sex in the previous 4 weeks) had some degree of ED. Higher CYPAT scores indicating problematic online pornography consumption resulted in a higher probability of ED, while controlling for covariates. Masturbation frequency seemed not to be a significant factor when assessing ED.

Conclusions
This prevalence of ED in young men is alarmingly high, and the results of this study suggest a significant association with PPC.

Trial Registration
Research Registry researchregistry5111; https://tinyurl.com/m45mcaa2
The Development of Expected-Loss Methods of Accounting for Credit Losses: A Review with Analysis of Comment Letters
Authors: Hashim Noor , Li Weijia , O'Hanlon John 
Published: September 2021

SYNOPSIS
After the financial crisis of the late 2000s, concern about delayed credit-loss recognition under the incurred-loss method prompted the FASB and the IASB to develop expected-loss methods. We review the development of these methods, including through comment-letter analysis. Initially, the FASB recommended immediate full recognition of expected losses, including at day one, and the IASB recommended spreading the recognition of initially expected losses across time. After unsuccessful attempts to converge based on proposals that partly reflected initial recommendations of each board, the boards eventually adopted different methods. We report that U.S. respondents largely opposed the FASB's final method, which required day-one recognition of all expected losses, and that non-U.S. respondents largely supported the IASB's final method, which required day-one recognition of 12-month expected losses. Day-one loss was controversial and impeded convergence. Our comment-letter analysis suggests that a day-one-loss-free more forward-looking incurred-loss method might provide a route to a more converged solution.
JEL Classifications: G21; M41.
Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the TODAY Study
Authors:   TODAY Study Group, Tryggestad Jeanie B. , Kelsey Megan M. , Drews Kimberly L. , Chernausek Steven D. , Escaname Elia N. , Isganaitis Elvira , Macleish Sarah , McKay Siripoom , Sprague Jennifer , Willi Steve 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
The Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study reported a 13.9% prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in youth with mean ± SD type 2 diabetes duration of 4.9 ± 1.5 years. After 7 years of additional follow-up, we report the risk factors for progression of DR in the TODAY cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Retinal photographs (n = 517) were obtained in 2010–2011 and again in 2017–2018 (n = 420) with standard stereoscopic seven-field digital fundus photography. Photographs were graded centrally using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) scale. A total of 367 patients with gradable fundus photographs in at least one eye at both assessments were included in analyses of progression of DR, defined as an increase of three or more steps on the ETDRS scale.

RESULTS
With mean ± SD age of 25.4 ± 2.5 years and diabetes duration of 12.0 ± 1.5 years, there was a 49% prevalence of any DR among participants. Prevalence by DR stage was as follows: 39% for very mild or mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR), 6% moderate to severe NPDR, and 3.8% proliferative DR. Compared with nonprogressors, participants who progressed three or more steps had significantly lower BMI, higher HbA1c, higher blood pressure, increased triglycerides, decreased C-peptide, and higher prevalence of other comorbidities. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that HbA1c was the dominant factor impacting DR progression.

CONCLUSIONS
Poor glycemic control of youth-onset type 2 diabetes imparts a high risk for progression of DR, including advanced, sight-threatening disease by young adulthood.
A Biomarker-Based Score for Risk of Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Berg David D. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Scirica Benjamin M. , Zelniker Thomas A. , Goodrich Erica L. , Jarolim Petr , Mosenzon Ofri , Cahn Avivit , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , McGuire Darren K. , Wilding John P.H. , Johanson Per , Langkilde Anna Maria , Raz Itamar , Braunwald Eugene , Sabatine Marc S. , Morrow David A. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
Heart failure (HF) is an impactful complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to develop and validate a risk score for hospitalization for HF (HHF) incorporating biomarkers and clinical factor(s) in patients with T2DM.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We derived a risk score for HHF using clinical data, high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), and N-terminal prohormone of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) from 6,106 placebo-treated patients with T2DM in SAVOR-TIMI 53 (Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 53). Candidate variables were assessed using Cox regression. The strongest indicators of HHF risk were included in the score using integer weights. The score was externally validated in 7,251 placebo-treated patients in DECLARE-TIMI 58 (Dapagliflozin Effect on CardiovascuLAR Events–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58). The effect of dapagliflozin on HHF was assessed by risk category in DECLARE-TIMI 58.

RESULTS
The strongest indicators of HHF risk were NT-proBNP, prior HF, and hsTnT (each P &lt; 0.001). A risk score using these three variables identified a gradient of HHF risk (P-trend &lt;0.001) in the derivation and validation cohorts, with C-indices of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84–0.89) and 0.84 (0.81–0.86), respectively. Whereas there was no significant effect of dapagliflozin versus placebo on HHF in the low-risk group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.98 [95% CI 0.50–1.92]), dapagliflozin significantly reduced HHF in the intermediate-, high-, and very-high-risk groups (HR 0.64 [0.43–0.95], 0.63 [0.43–0.94], and 0.72 [0.54–0.96], respectively). Correspondingly, absolute risk reductions (95% CI) increased across these latter 3 groups: 1.0% (0.0–1.9), 3.0% (0.7–5.3), and 4.4% (−0.2 to 8.9) (P-trend &lt;0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
We developed and validated a risk score for HHF in T2DM that incorporated NT-proBNP, prior HF, and hsTnT. The risk score identifies patients at higher risk of HHF who derive greater absolute benefit from dapagliflozin.
Prevention and control measures of the major cold-region diseases (hypertension) in China
Authors: Pan Zhenwei , Zhang Yong , Pan Tengfei , Liang Haihai , Yang Baofeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular condition in clinical practice and a major risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular events. There are more than 270 million hypertension patients in China, and the prevalence of hypertension in the high-latitude cold areas is significantly higher than in the low-latitude warm areas. The unique epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hypertension in the cold regions of China urge for establishment of the prevention and control system for targeted and more effective management of the condition.
Discussion on the model of community management of chronic diseases in cold areas
Authors: Jiang Rui , Zhao Yuquan , Wang Yongchen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Because of the overbearing low temperature, cold areas increase the morbidity and mortality of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) in exposed populations. With the growth of the aging population and the superposition of lifestyle risk factors, the number of people with chronic diseases in cold areas is climbing, and the family and social burdens are rising. These health-threatening circumstances in the cold areas render the general practitioners to face serious challenges and difficulties in the community management of chronic diseases. This paper summarizes the current situation of chronic disease management in cold areas and explores the relevant management models so as to provide a useful reference for regional health construction, graded diagnosis and treatment, and prevention and control of chronic diseases in China.
The Evaluation of Expanded Uncertainty of DC Voltages in the Presence of Electromagnetic Interferences using the LabVIEW Environment
Authors: Otomański Przemysław , Pawłowski Eligiusz , Szlachta Anna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a possible application of integrated LabVIEW environment to the final evaluation of measurement results in direct measurement. The possibilities of presenting and visualizing the uncertainty of measurement results in a convenient and user-friendly form are also discussed. The topics discussed in the paper were presented using a developed application in LabVIEW. The paper discusses the topic of measurement of direct voltages in the presence of strong electromagnetic interferences. These problems are frequently omitted or hardly emphasized. It presents a suitable measuring system, a virtual measuring instrument created in the LabVIEW environment, and the results of tests carried out for an example NI PCI-6221 data acquisition board. The described approach can be applied also in other measurement situations.