bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Безвідходна технологія одержання пектину з відходів харчової промисловості
Authors: Тетерєв М.М. , Соколенко Н.М. , Островка В.І. , Мороз О.В. , Попов Є.В. , Рубан Е.В. 
Published: November 2021

Проведені дослідження по створенню вдосконаленої спрощеної технології отримання стійкого до окислення харчового бурякового пектину з його вичавків для виробництва хлібобулочних, кондитерських виробів, желейного мармеладу та інших продуктів харчування, що дозволить скоротити тривалість технологічного процесу з одночасним зменшенням енерговитрат. Об’єкт дослідження – розробка сучасної вдосконаленної , спрощеної технології отримання стійкого до окислення бурякового пектину із бурякових вичавків. Такий продукт повинен задовільняти вимогам до якості, що забезпечує його використання в харчовій, кондитерській, медецинській та фармацевтичній промисловості. Крім того розроблена технологія повинна забезпечити максимальний вихід готового продукту (пектину) та оптимальні технологічні умови проведення процесу переробки бурякового жому. Мета дослідження – вивчення оптимальних умов отримання пектину із вичавок буряку методом гідролізу хлороводневою кислотою замість нітратної з наступним виділенням пектину із нейтралізованого екстракту 96%-ним етиловим спиртом. Для досягнення поставленої мети слід виконати наступні задачі: дослідити умови екстракції пектину із вичавок буряку та умови його осадження із екстраку етиловим спиртом; визначити оптимальні параметри проведення процесу одержання пектину; розробити на основі даних, отриманих у процесі досліджень, принципову технологічну схему одержання пектину із вичавок буряку. На основі виконаних досліджень та отриманих результатів розроблена технологічна схема одержання пектину із вичавок червоного буряку. Удосконалена технологія отримання пектину в порівнянні з відомими технологіями, відрізняється безвідхідністю і екологічністю, так як при екстракції в якості екстрагента використовується хлористоводнева кислота низьких концентрацій, а для виділення пектину застосовують відновлений дистиляцією етиловий спирт. Оптимізовано умови екстракції пектину з бурякового жому, що дозволяює отримати пектин з виходом до 30 відсотків. Зразки пектину, отриманого з бурякового жому, відповідають міждержавному стандарту (ДСТУ 21186), що діє на території України [28], за всіма показниками якості: зовнішнім виглядом, запахом, кольором, смаком, ступенем етерифікації, гелеутворюючою здатністю з кількістю часточок волокнистої фракції і мікробіологічною властивістю та відсутністю сторонніх домішок. Для фармацевтичних препаратів у пектині в необхідній кількості містяться метоксигруппи і галактуронова кислота та відсутні нітрати, цукор, органічні кислоти, сполуки миш'яку, свинцю та інших шкідливих елементів. Відходи від екстракції пектину використовуються в якості біопалива або для технологічних потреб у виробництві матеріалів медицинського призначення.
Predicting New Anti-Norovirus Inhibitor With the Help of Machine Learning Algorithms and Molecular Dynamics Simulation–Based Model
Authors: Ebenezer Oluwakemi , Damoyi Nkululeko , Shapi Michael 
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) inhibitors are essential in the treatment of human norovirus (HuNoV). This study aimed to map out HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors that could potentially be responsible for the inhibitory activity of HuNoV RdRp. It is necessary to develop robust machine learning and in silico methods to predict HuNoV RdRp compounds. In this study, Naïve Bayesian and random forest models were built to categorize norovirus RdRp inhibitors from the non-inhibitors using their molecular descriptors and PubChem fingerprints. The best model observed had accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity values of 98.40%, 97.62%, and 97.62%, respectively. Meanwhile, an external test set was used to validate model performance before applicability to the screened HCV compounds database. As a result, 775 compounds were predicted as NoV RdRp inhibitors. The pharmacokinetics calculations were used to filter out the inhibitors that lack drug-likeness properties. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation investigated the inhibitors’ binding modes and residues critical for the HuNoV RdRp receptor. The most active compound, CHEMBL167790, closely binds to the binding pocket of the RdRp enzyme and depicted stable binding with RMSD 0.8–3.2 Å, and the RMSF profile peak was between 1.0–4.0 Å, and the conformational fluctuations were at 450–460 residues. Moreover, the dynamic residue cross-correlation plot also showed the pairwise correlation between the binding residues 300–510 of the HuNoV RdRp receptor and CHEMBL167790. The principal component analysis depicted the enhanced movement of protein atoms. Moreover, additional residues such as Glu510 and Asn505 interacted with CHEMBL167790 via water bridge and established H-bond interactions after the simulation. http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000013589565.
Endovascular Treatment of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Visual Analog Scale Follow-Up
Authors: Senechal Quentin , Echegut Perrine , Bravetti Marine , Florin Marie , Jarboui Lamia , Bouaboua Mehdi , Teriitehau Christophe , Feignoux Jacques , Legou Francois , Pessis Eric 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To evaluate medium-term clinical outcomes of transcatheter embolization and stenting in women with several pelvic venous disorders responsible for chronic pelvic pain and varicose veins of the lower limbs.Materials and Methods: The study population included 327 consecutively recruited patients referred to the interventional radiology unit from January 2014 to December 2019 due to chronic pelvic congestion (91; 27.83%), lower limb varices (15; 4.59%), or a combination of both the symptoms (221; 67.58%). Preprocedural pelvic, transvaginal Doppler ultrasound (US), and MRI were conducted in all the patients and revealed anatomical varicosities and incompetent pelvic veins in 312 patients. In all the patients, selective catheterization demonstrated uterine venous engorgement, ovarian plexus congestion, or pelvic vein filling. Retrograde flow was detected on catheter venography in the left ovarian vein (250; 78%), the right ovarian vein (85; 26%), the left internal iliac vein (222; 68%), and the right internal iliac vein (185; 57%). Patients were followed-up at 1, 6, and 12 months, and years thereafter systematically by the referring angiologist and the interventional radiologist of center. They were contacted by telephone in November and December 2020 to assess pain perception and quality of life by using the visual analog scales from 0 to 10 with assessments made at the baseline and last follow-up. Of the 327 patients (mean age, 42 ± 12 years), 312 patients were suffering from pelvic congestion syndrome and 236 patients was suffering from lower limb varices. All underwent embolization by using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx®). Eighty-five right ovarian veins, 249 left ovarian veins, 510 tributaries of the right internal iliac vein, and 624 tributaries of the left internal iliac vein were embolized. A cohort of patients also underwent nutcracker syndrome angioplasty (6.7%) and May–Thurner syndrome angioplasty (14%) with a stent placement.Results: The initial technical success rate was 80.9% for embolization of pathological veins and 100% for stenting of stenoses. Overall, 307 patients attended 12-month follow-up visits and 288 (82%) patients completed the telephone survey at mean 39 (±18)-month postintervention. Main pelvic pain significantly improved from 6.9 (±2.4) pre- to 2.0 (±2.4) postembolization (p &lt; 0.001), as did specific symptoms in each category. Improvement or disappearance of pain was achieved in 266/288 (92.36%) patients with improved quality of life in 276/288 (95.8%) patients. There were 16 minor and 4 major adverse events reported on the follow-up.Conclusion: Pelvic vein embolization (Onyx®) is an effective and safe procedure with high clinical success and quality of life improvement rates.
Mean Scar Entropy by Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Is Associated With Ventricular Arrhythmias Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ye Yang , Ji ZhongPing , Zhou Wenli , Pu Cailing , Li Ya , Zhou Chengqin , Hu Xiuhua , Chen Chao , Sun Yaxun , Huang Qi , Zhang Wenjuan , Qian Yu'e , Ren Hong , Yu Feidan , Jiang Chenyang , Mao Yankai , Wang Bei , Augusto João B. , Lai Dongwu , Hu Hongjie , Fu Guo-sheng 
Published: November 2021

Background: Ventricular arrhythmias are associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Previous studies have found the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was independently associated with ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in HCM. The risk stratification of VA remains complex and LGE is present in the majority of HCM patients. This study was conducted to determine whether the scar heterogeneity from LGE-derived entropy is associated with the VAs in HCM patients.Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight HCM patients with scarring were retrospectively enrolled and divided into VA (31 patients) and non-VA (37 patients) groups. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and percentage of the LGE (% LGE) were evaluated. The scar heterogeneity was quantified by the entropy within the scar and left ventricular (LV) myocardium.Results: Multivariate analyses showed that a higher scar [hazard ratio (HR) 2.682; 95% CI: 1.022–7.037; p = 0.039] was independently associated with VA, after the adjustment for the LVEF, %LGE, LV maximal wall thickness (MWT), and left atrium (LA) diameter.Conclusion: Scar entropy and %LGE are both independent risk indicators of VA. A high scar entropy may indicate an arrhythmogenic scar, an identification of which may have value for the clinical status assessment of VAs in HCM patients.
Circulating Lipopolysaccharides and Impaired Antioxidant Status in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Data From the ATHERO-AF Study
Authors: Menichelli Danilo , Carnevale Roberto , Nocella Cristina , Cammisotto Vittoria , Castellani Valentina , Bartimoccia Simona , Frati Giacomo , Pignatelli Pasquale , Pastori Daniele 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by an oxidative imbalance, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs). It is unclear whether low grade endotoxemia may contribute to the impaired antioxidant status in AF patients. We investigated the relationship between circulating lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and antioxidant status in AF patients.Patients and Methods:Post-hoc analysis from the ongoing prospective observational cohort ATHERO-AF study including 907 patients. Antioxidant status was evaluated by the activity of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Patients were divided into two groups to evaluate the risk of CVEs: (1) LPS below median and GPx3 above median (n = 254); (2) LPS above median and GPx3 below median (n = 263).Results: The mean age was 73.5 ± 8.3 years, and 43.1% were women. Median LPS and GPx3 were 50.0 pg/ml [interquartile range (IQR) 15–108] and 20.0 U/ml (IQR 10.0–34.0), respectively. Patients of Groups 2 were older, with a higher prevalence of heart failure. LPS above the median was associated with reduced GPx3 [Odds Ratio for LPS 1.752, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.344–2.285, p &lt; 0.001] and SOD (OR 0.525, 95%CI 0.403–0.683) activity after adjustment for CHA2DS2VASc score. In a mean follow-up of 54.0 ± 36.8 months, 118 CVEs occurred, 42 in Group 1 and 76 in Group 2 (Log-Rank test p = 0.001). At multivariable Cox regression analysis, Group 2 was associated with a higher risk of CVEs [Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.644, 95%CI 1.117–2,421, p = 0.012], along with age ≥ 75 years (HR 2.035, 95%CI 1.394–2.972, p &lt; 0.001), diabetes (HR 1.927, 95%CI 1.280–2.900, p = 0.002), and previous cerebrovascular disease (HR 1.895, 95%CI 1.251–2.870, p = 0.003) and previous cardiovascular disease (HR 1.708, 95%CI 1.149–2.538, p = 0.008).Conclusions: Our study indicates that circulating LPS may contribute to impaired antioxidant status in patients with AF. Patients with coincidentally high LPS and reduced GPx3 activity showed the highest risk of CVEs.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Caused by Enzalutamide: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Deng Min , Chai Huirong , Yang Meng , Wei Xueman , Zhang Wenjun , Wang Xuebin , Li Juanjuan , Wang Zhuo , Chen Haitao 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveEnzalutamide is the most frequently prescribed compound for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Common adverse drug events of enzalutamide are febrile neutropenia, hot flashes, hypertension, and fatigue.MethodsWe present a case of a patient with mCRPC who received enzalutamide and developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). The culprit drug was confirmed using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. Clinical characteristics and management principles were analyzed in combination with literature reports.ResultsSJS occurred within two weeks of enzalutamide therapy. Supportive care such as steroid treatment led to a complete resolution of skin lesions and improved clinical symptoms after three weeks.ConclusionMost cutaneous adverse events occur early during enzalutamide therapy, and close observation should be given within two weeks of starting treatment.
Assessment of Delivery Quality Assurance for Stereotactic Radiosurgery With Cyberknife
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Xile , Pan Yuxi , Zhuang Hongqing , Wang Junjie , Yang Ruijie 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to establish and assess a practical delivery quality assurance method for stereotactic radiosurgery with Cyberknife by analyzing the geometric and dosimetric accuracies obtained using a PTW31016 PinPoint ionization chamber and EBT3 films. Moreover, this study also explores the relationship between the parameters of plan complexity, target volume, and deliverability parameters and provides a valuable reference for improving plan optimization and validation.MethodsOne hundred fifty cases of delivery quality assurance plans were performed on Cyberknife to assess point dose and planar dose distribution, respectively, using a PTW31016 PinPoint ionization chamber and Gafchromic EBT3 films. The measured chamber doses were compared with the planned mean doses in the sensitive volume of the chamber, and the measured planar doses were compared with the calculated dose distribution using gamma index analysis. The gamma passing rates were evaluated using the criteria of 3%/1 mm and 2%/2 mm. The statistical significance of the correlations between the complexity metrics, target volume, and the gamma passing rate were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.ResultsFor point dose comparison, the averaged dose differences (± standard deviations) were 1.6 ± 0.73% for all the cases. For planar dose distribution, the mean gamma passing rate for 3%/1 mm, and 2%/2 mm evaluation criteria were 94.26% ± 1.89%, and 93.86% ± 2.16%, respectively. The gamma passing rates were higher than 90% for all the delivery quality assurance plans with the criteria of 3%/1 mm and 2%/2 mm. The difference in point dose was lowly correlated with volume of PTV, number of beams, and treatment time for 150 DQA plans, and highly correlated with volume of PTV for 18 DQA plans of small target. DQA gamma passing rate (2%/2 mm) was a moderate significant correlation for the number of nodes, number of beams and treatment time, and a low correlation with MU.ConclusionPTW31016 PinPoint ionization chamber and EBT3 film can be used for routine Cyberknife delivery quality assurance. The point dose difference should be within 3%. The gamma passing rate should be higher than 90% for the criteria of 3%/1 mm and 2%/2 mm. In addition, the plan complexity and PTV volume were found to have some influence on the plan deliverability.
Ultra-Low-Dose Whole-Body Computed Tomography Protocol Optimization for Patients With Plasma Cell Disorders: Diagnostic Accuracy and Effective Dose Analysis From a Reference Center
Authors: Tore Davide , Rampado Osvaldo , Guarnaccia Carla , Mina Roberto , Oronzio Maria , Santonocito Ambra , Serafini Alessandro , Strazzarino Giulio Antonino , Gianusso Laura , Bringhen Sara , Fonio Paolo , Depaoli Alessandro 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe whole-body low-dose CT (WBLDCT) is the first-choice imaging technique in patients with suspected plasma cell disorder to assess the presence of osteolytic lesions. We investigated the performances of an optimized protocol, evaluating diagnostic accuracy and effective patient dose reduction using a latest generation scanner.Methods and MaterialsRetrospective study on 212 patients with plasma cell disorders performed on a 256-row CT scanner. First, WBLDCT examinations were performed using a reference protocol with acquisition parameters obtained from literature. A phantom study was performed for protocol optimization for subsequent exams to minimize dose while maintaining optimal diagnostic accuracy. Images were analyzed by three readers to evaluate image quality and to detect lesions. Effective doses (E) were evaluated for each patient considering the patient dimensions and the tube current modulation.ResultsA similar, very good image quality was observed for both protocols by all readers with a good agreement at repeated measures ANOVA test (p&gt;0.05). An excellent inter-rater agreement for lesion detection was achieved obtaining high values of Fleiss’ kappa for all the districts considered (p&lt;0.001). The optimized protocol resulted in a 56% reduction of median DLP (151) mGycm, interquartile range (IQR) 128–188 mGycm vs. 345 mGycm, IQR 302–408 mGycm), of 60% of CTDIvol (2.2 mGy, IQR 1.9–2.7 mGy vs. 0.9 mGy, IQR 0.8–1.2 mGy). The median E value was about 2.6 mSv (IQR 1.7–3.5 mSv) for standard protocol and about 1.5 mSv (IQR 1.4–1.7 mSv) for the optimized one. Dose reduction was statistically significant with p&lt;0.001.ConclusionsProtocol optimization makes ultra-low-dose WBLDCT feasible on latest generation CT scanners for patients with plasma cell disorders with effective doses inferior to conventional skeletal survey while maintaining excellent image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Dose reduction is crucial in such patients, as they are likely to undergo multiple whole-body CT scans during follow-up.
Efficacy and Safety of Different Doses of Bevacizumab Combined With Pemetrexed and Platinum in First-Line Treatment of Advanced NSCLC: A Retrospective-Real World Study
Authors: Zhou Chun-Hua , Yang Feng , Jiang Wen-Juan , Zhang Yong-Chang , Yang Hai-Yan , Zeng Liang , Liu Li , Xiong Yi , Zeng Fan-Xu , Wang Zhan , Yang Nong 
Published: November 2021

Background: Bevacizumab was demonstrated to have efficacy in patients with NSCLC. However, application of different doses of bevacizumab in different clinical trials was overlooked. This study aims to investigate the effects and safety of different doses of bevacizumab in the treatment.Methods: From January 2016 to March 2020, 79 patients with NSCLC received first-line combination treatment with chemotherapy (pemetrexed + platinum) and bevacizumab for four cycles; patients without progression after four cycles were randomly assigned to maintenance therapy with bevacizumab combined with pemetrexed, of which 57 patients received bevacizumab at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg and 22 patients at a dose of 15 mg/kg. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival, and secondary endpoints were overall response rate, disease control rate, and adverse events.Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in effectiveness; Median PFS in 7.5 mg/kg group and in 15 mg/kg group were 8.0 and 8.7 months, respectively (p = 0.663), reaching the primary endpoint. The ORR and DCR in the bevacizumab 7.5 and 15 mg/kg group were 45.46 and 86.0% vs. 50 and 90.9% showing no statistical significance (p = 0.804 and 0.717). Most of side effects were tolerable. The incidences of overall toxicities were higher in 15 mg/kg group (p = 0.001). No new safety signals were observed.Conclusion: We did not detect significant difference of efficacy and safety between 7.5 mg/kg group and 15 mg/kg group for bevacizumab administration, the cost-effectiveness of the 7.5 mg/kg group was significantly better than that of the 15 mg/kg group.
Effects of Nigella sativa, Camellia sinensis, and Allium sativum as Food Additives on Metabolic Disorders, a Literature Review
Authors: Anaeigoudari Akbar , Safari Hamidreza , Khazdair Mohammad Reza 
Published: November 2021

Objective:Metabolic disorders (MD) can disturb intracellular metabolic processes. A metabolic disorder can be resulted from enzyme deficits or disturbances in function of various organs including the liver, kidneys, pancreas, cardiovascular system, and endocrine system. Some herbs were used traditionally for spices, food additives, dietary, and medicinal purposes. Medicinal plants possess biological active compounds that enhance human health. We aimed to provide evidence about therapeutic effects of some medicinal herbs on MD.Data Sources:PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were explored for publications linked to MD until February 2021. The most literature reports that were published in the last 10 years were used. All types of studies such as animal studies, clinical trials, andin vitrostudies were included. The keywords included “Metabolic disorders,” “Nigella sativaL.,” “Thymoquinone,” “White tea”OR “Camellia sinensisL.” “catechin,” and “Allium sativumL.” OR “garlic” were searched.Results:Based on the results of scientific studies, the considered medicinal plants and their active components in this review have been able to exert the beneficial therapeutic effects on obesity, diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Conclusions:These effects are obvious by inhibition of lipid peroxidation, suppression of inflammatory reactions, adjustment of lipid profile, reduction of adipogenesis and regulation of blood glucose level.
Prognostic Value of the Distribution of Lymph Node Metastasis in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Xing , Zhang Yiyi , Zhuang Jinfu , Peng Yong , Wang Ye , Wu Yong , Li Shoufeng , Yang Yuanfeng , Guan Guoxian 
Published: November 2021

Background: The objective of this study is to assess the prognostic value of lymph node metastasis distribution (LND) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).Methods: This study included 179 patients with pathological stage III LARC who underwent nCRT followed by radical surgery. LND was classified into three groups: LND1, lymph node metastasis at the mesorectum (140/179, 78.2%); LND2, lymph node metastasis along the inferior mesenteric artery trunk nodes (26/179, 14.5%); LND3, lymph node metastasis at the origin of the IMA (13/179, 7.3%). Clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed to identify independent prognostic factors.Result: LND showed better stratification for 3-year DFS (LND1 66.8, LND2 50, and LND3 15.4%, P &lt; 0.01) compared to the ypN (3-year DFS: N1 59.9 and N2 60.3%, P = 0.34) and ypTNM (3-year DFS: IIIA 68.6%, IIIB 57.5%, and IIIC 53.5, P = 0.19) staging systems. Similar results were found for 3-year LRFS and DMFS. According to multivariate survival analysis, LND was shown to be an independent prognostic factor for DFS, LRFS, and DMFS in patients with positive lymph nodes (P &lt; 0.01, in all cases).Conclusion: LND is an independent prognostic factor in stage III rectal cancer after nCRT. LND can be used as a supplementary indicator for the ypTNM staging system in patients with LARC after nCRT.