bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The usage of water conditioning sludge from heat power industry enterprises in wall ceramics production
Authors: Starostina I V , Peganova O V , Shevtsova R G , Shakurova N V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the ecological problems of water conditioning systems at heat power industry facilities. It is noted that the stable operation of water-heating equipment is provided with the quality of feed water. Various water-soluble salts, which can incrust the inner walls of boilers or pipelines, are removed from the natural water. For desalination of natural water the physical-chemical methods are mostly used. The by-product of desalination or chemical water-conditioning systems is the sludge waste. This work presents the results of using chemical water conditioning sludge from JSC Verofarm in the raw charge for wall ceramics production. The sludge is a finely-divided powder, the mineral composition of which is presented with calcium and magnesium carbonates, brucite and iron compounds, which make the sludge pink. It has been determined that the baking of sludge-containing ceramic samples at temperature 1000°C results in dissociation of calcium and magnesium carbonates with the formation of gaseous products H2O and CO2, which make the structure of ceramic materials porous. The presence of iron compounds in the raw charge promotes the formation of low-temperature silicate melt, which intensifies the baking process of ceramic samples. The optimal sludge content in the charge that doesn’t reduce the strength characteristics of wall ceramics is 10%. Such sludge content forms the liquid phase on the surface of the raw mix’s particles, which solidifies the forming pores. The increase of sludge content up to 20% intensifies gas generation; the amount of the formed liquid phase is not sufficient, which increases porosity and reduces the density and strength of ceramic materials. At that, the engobe layer is formed on the surface of the obtained wall ceramics samples. The wall ceramics products, obtained with the use of chemical water conditioning sludge, can be used as structural heat-insulation materials in making building envelopes or interior partitions.
Physical Device for Measuring Tension in a Wire
Authors: Dr. Yusuf R , Dr. Shashikiran N D , Chanamallappa Ganiger Dr. , Sadashiv Shetty Dr. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper provide a physical device for measuring tension in a wire of an orthodontic brace. The wire is having a closed circumference and capable of being wind in a winding position around brackets of two teeth. The device includes an anchoring member, a holding portion and a display. The anchoring member is having a first end attachable with the wire in the winding position and a second end attachable with the holding portion of the device. The device upon pulling the wire by anchoring the anchoring member along with its length, measures the tension exerted by the wire on the teeth and displays the measured data on the display of the device.
Modelling the dynamic behaviour of car hydraulic dampers
Authors: Dobre A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
When the vehicle travels on a road, that usually isn’t perfectly smooth, this having a series of irregularities, occur shocks and vibrations due to the interaction of the wheels with the irregularities of the road, as well oscillations of sprung and unsprung masses that characterize comfort. This paper presents the theoretical and experimental researches undertaken by the author on the dynamic behaviour of hydraulic shock absorbers, in order to improve the comfort and dynamics of vehicles. The main objective of the paper is to analyse the damping characteristics of hydraulic dampers using simulation with AMESim specialized program. To validate the model, a set of experimental determinations was used with the help of a hydraulic dampers test stand. The experimental researches undertaken allowed to determine the real dynamic characteristics of the damper and to identify the influence of the parameters on these characteristics.
Behaviour of Structural Elements made of Geopolymer Concrete with Recycled Aggregates
Authors: Srinivas T , Abhignya G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the current scenario, concrete construction is rapidly becoming an uneconomical and unsustainable operation because of the lack of raw materials and environmental degradation caused by the production of cement. In this study, an attempt was made to propose recycled aggregates from demolition waste as coarse aggregates in geopolymer concrete (GPC). Experimental studies have been carried out to determine an optimum percentage of recycled aggregates (RA) in GPC by replacing 20 percent, 30 percent, 40 percent, 50 percent, and 60 percent and behaviour of structural elements also, such as beams and columns, when these are subjected to bending and axial compression . Beams and columns of 150 mm × 150 mm × 1200 mm were prepared and tested under two point loading on beams and axial loading on columns of OPC, GPC and RGPC elements. From this study, it is found that an optimum replacement percentage of recycled aggregate was 40 percent based on mechanical properties and flexural behaviour of RGPC, GPC are relatively similar, but better than OPC element.
Construction automation
Authors: Prakash Akula , Mounika Kandlagunta , Anand Goud K , Vittalaiah A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Construction industry is creating a lot of enthusiasm for the construction network throughout the most recent couple of decades. This incorporates with skilled work power, adequate cash, and time when it is finished by ordinarily. As these necessities are not constantly accessible in all circumstances, the industry is confronting issues like consistently declining profitability, low work productivity in construction, a high mishap rate, low quality, deficient control of the building site, and the evaporating of the talented work power. To conquer the previously mentioned issues the terms ROBOTICS and AUTOMATION presented. The robots utilized in the construction have followed a similar idea as those utilized in assembling. Building robots have been utilized in different errands including material taking care of, different inside and outside completing assignments and quality control. Be that as it may, this use of mechanical autonomy in the construction business is not completely embraced. The purposes behind this circumstance are distinguished as existing robots are not all around embraced to building construction, issues related with the routinely planned structure, hard to legitimize robot business financially and administrative hindrances. The construction business requests a profitability increment that cannot be achieved by methods for customary techniques that have just arrived at their framework confines and cannot add to advance viability. Further justification must be accomplished by the decrease of work and construction times. Maybe if no critical research advances, temporary workers will have the option to tackle their issues by bringing in mechanical technology and procedure-controlled machines from abroad. Consequently, there is a need to sustain the advancement of effective innovative work programs in construction mechanization and apply autonomy. This paper makes an endeavour to utilize robots in the construction business, recorded to diminish risks at work destinations, improve quality, and decrease the expense of construction. A contextual investigation has been considered to show the appropriateness of robots in the construction business.
Studies on strength parameters of blended self cured concrete with natural and manufactured sand on the impact of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag
Authors: Vivek Kumar C , Swaminathen Dr. A.N. , Chandana I. , Selwyn Babu Dr.J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Construction companies now use manufactured sand instead of natural river sand in concrete for a day, where the exploration limitation applies to river sand along with the implementation rule. Water, meanwhile, is also the most prevalent aspect of the concrete manufacturing curing process, and it is now scarce for a few days due to a greater rise in human population growth. In contrast to the traditional curing process, self-curing concrete minimizes the use of potable water. In addition to chemical admixture with the mixture, this paper deals with the various studies of fresh and hardened concrete specimens and findings with the self-curing agent mixed with PEG 400 with Fly Ash and GGBFS in different proportions. The results for the various combinations of blended proportions are correlated with the substitution of manufactured sand (M-Sand) with river sand with both ordinary self-curing concrete and mixed self – curing concrete with M30 grade. Attempts have been made to study the properties of blended self – curing concrete with Manufactured Sand.
Mix design challenges of porous concrete pavements modified with mineral admixtures
Authors: Tarangini D. , Radha Kiranmaye B. , Sravana Dr.P. , Srinivasa Rao Dr.P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pervious concrete has been gaining importance in pavement constructions and low volume road applications. It has applications in parking lots, footpaths and can be used with other materials to prevent erosion. The main problem of porous concrete pavement is its strength. This mainly depends on its pore structure, cement matrix, aggregate gradation, cement content, admixtures and water/cement ratio. The research aims at determining the compressive strength and permeability of pervious concrete with W/C of 0.34.Variations in aggregate sizes is considered and admixtures like fly ash, micro silica, nano silica and superplasticizer are used. The test results show significant difference in compressive strength with variations in admixtures addition. The results were in good agreement in the case of mixtures with W/C of 0.34 and 3% nano silica with respect to compress ive strengths and permeability.
Evaluation of correlation between compressive and splitting tensile strength of concrete using alccofine and nano silica
Authors: Ashwini K , Srinivasa Rao P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the present study correlation between compressive and splitting tensile strength of concrete was studied using both experimental and analytically predicted results. Three grades of concrete M40, M50, and M60 were considered by replacing its cement content with alccofine and nano-silica. Experimental results of compressive and splitting tensile strength were evaluated using 150mm cubes and cylinders of diameter 150mm and height 300mm for 28 days of curing in water. An equation was proposed for correlation between compressive and splitting tensile strength from experimental data using regression analysis and analytical results were predicted. Accuracy of empirical equations reported by researchers and the proposed equation was analyzed employing Root Mean Square Error, Integral Absolute Error, Normal Efficiency and Mean Absolute Error statistical parameters. Good compliance between experimental and analytical results was observed.
Slag resistant and refractory ceramic compositions in MgO – Al2O3 – SiO2 system on the base of local raw materials of Uzbekistan
Authors: Babakhanova Z A , Kh Aripova M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Forsterite and spinel-corundum ceramic materials were obtained in the MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system based on local raw materials of Uzbekistan - talc-magnesite of Zinelbulak deposit, kaolin of Angren deposit and inorganic additives (fused periclase PPE-87, electric fused corundum). The formations of various phases were studied using XRD and SEM-EDS. Study of chemical-mechanical properties of ceramic samples showed that spinel-corundum composition have density from 2520 to 2770 kg/m3, water absorption rate from 10.52 to 11.71%, open porosity from 27 to 31%, apparent density from 2420 to 2750 kg/m3, compressive strength from 100 to 120 MPa, characterized by increased refractoriness (it was 1750 °C for forsterite ceramic materials, for spinel-corundum more than 1800 °C) and slag resistance under metallurgy slags. The synthesis of spinel in optimal compositions occurs at 300 °C lower than the traditional sintering temperature of spinel products, which contributes to significant energy savings in the synthesis of highly refractory spinel-corundum materials.
PID Controller Design with Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Stable and Unstable SOPDT Processes
Authors: Vivek Durga , Bharath kumar Dr.P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The design of Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller for the various types of stable and unstable processes with the dynamic model having Second-Order Plus-Dead-Time (SOPDT) is focused in this work. This work initiated with the rejection of load disturbance by connecting PID controller to the system through feedback and then a set-point filter is connected in forward path to achieve proper tracking of reference. The direct synthesis method is applied to get the ranges of PID parameter values and the sharp optimum parameter values which suits for the process can be achieved by introducing Cuckoo Search algorithm which is taken from a class of meta-heuristic algorithms.
Lead-free ferroelectric barium titanate -based thin film for tunable microwave device application
Authors: Vu Thu-Hien , Phuong Nguyen T. M. , Nguyen Tai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lead-free ferroelectric barium titanate-based (Ba0.85Sr0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3, BSZT) thin films have been successfully deposited on Pt- coated silicon substrates by a spin-coating solgel method. Microstructure and dielectric respones of the Pt/BSZT/Pt thin film capacitors were investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction analysis results indicated that BSZT thin films were well crystallized in tetragonal perovskite structure with a random crystal orientation at rather low temperature of 650 °C. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the thin film capacitors were performed at various bias voltage ranges and frequency from 1kHz up to 5MHz. Hysteresis C-V curves with two maxima confirmed the ferroelectric nature in the film. The BSZT capacitors provide excellent dielectric tunability ∼ 42- 69% and high figure-of-merit (FOM) ∼ 4-17 at different bias voltages.
Studies on strength behaviour of green self cured concrete with ecosand with impact of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag
Authors: Vivek Kumar C , Vamsi Krishna K , Suresh B , Venkatacharyulu S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Construction firms now use artificial sand or else manufactured sand in concrete for a day instead of natural river sand, where the excavation prohibition applies to river sand along with the implementation law. Natural sand or River sand are one of the constituents of concrete taken from a river. The problems of deterioration of the ecosystem and costly and the condition of the natural sand of river is rising day by day. About the Global Natural sand consumption has increased because of excessive use of concrete to ensure a very strong demand for river san, where Eco Sand is necessary to replace natural silica. Potable Water, meanwhile, is also the extremely ubiquitous feature for the concrete production and curing activity, and it is now insufficient for a limited period due to a superior growth in human population growth. Self-curing concrete helps to reduce the use of potable water, in contrast to the traditional curing system. In supplement to chemical admixture with the concrete mixture, this paper deals with the various studies of fresh and hardened concrete specimens with various replacement level of Eco sand and findings with the self-curing agent mixed with PEG 400 with Fly Ash and GGBFS proportioning. The results are correlated with the replacement of Eco sand with river sand with both ordinary self-curing concrete and blended self-curing concrete with M30 grade for the different combinations of blended proportions. Attempts have been made to research with Eco Sand to identify the properties of blended self-curing concrete.
Friction stir welding and processing-a perspective review
Authors: Verma Sanjeev , Kumar Vinod 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper reviews the basic principles of friction stir welding, its methodology, and all other technical aspects. As reported by different researchers, the effect of varying welding variables such as tool geometry, tool-tilt angle and tool materials on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded materials, and weld quality are reported and discussed. The paper covers the various mechanical and metallurgical properties of similar/dissimilar aluminium alloys and other metal joints welded using friction stir welding (FSW). The attempt has been made to present a comprehensive review of some of the salient works carried out by various researchers pertaining to friction stir processing (FSP) /FSW of aluminium alloys. The paper also identifies the existing research gaps in the area of FSW, which should be explored in future.
Compressive Strength of Mortar Containing Cockle Shell Waste as Mixing Ingredient
Authors: Muthusamy Khairunisa , Embong Rahimah , Jose Rajan , Mohamad Nabilla , Syahira Hanim Kamarul Bahrin Nur 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Undesirable pollution issue posed by disposal of shells from cockle trade and greenhouse gases release by cement industry requires solution. In view of cleaner environment, reducing waste dumped could be achieved through utilization of shell waste in cement production. In line with sustainable construction concept, production of construction material that contains lesser natural resources and combined with existing solid waste is more environmentally friendly. In relation to that, transforming the cockle shell waste into a value-added item such as partial cement replacement in construction material would reduce waste disposed to the environment. An experimental work was carried out to investigate the effect of cockle shell powder as a material for partial cement replacement on compressive strength and water absorption of mortar. Powdered cockle shell of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% were integrated as partial cement replacement. Air curing method were used for all specimens. Specimen were subjected to compressive strength and water absorption test. The finding shows that incorporation of 10% cockle shell powder enhances compressive strength of mortar and reduces the percentage of water absorbed.
The Assessment on the Acceptance of Waste Materials as a Partial Cement Replacement in Malaysian Construction Industry
Authors: Syahida Adnan Zaidatul , Farhayu Ariffin Nur , Maszura Syed Mohsin Sharifah , Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim Nor 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The numbers of Malaysia construction industry had been increasing in several years with the large construction building and infrastructures projects had been constructed. Therefore, these developments led to an increase of cement production. The production of cement causes a wider environmental implication such as air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution which are very dangerous for human health. This is due to the manufacturing of cement that release dust, toxic and carbon dioxide emissions, which is a significant contributor of greenhouse gases. To overcome this problem, several researches had been conducted for the past few decades to develop a new material to replace cement. Most of the materials selected are from waste materials that has similar chemical properties and mechanical properties. From the research, most of the results show a positive performance in concrete and suitable to be use as a cement replacement. Unfortunately, the research stops at the research stage where it is rarely seen that these waste materials had been used in construction, especially in Malaysia. Most of the developers did not corporate these waste materials as a cement replacement in their construction work due to unclear reasons. Therefore, this study had been conducted to investigate the factors of un-implementation of waste materials in construction industry especially in Malaysian construction. This can be achieved by intensive literature review on properties and performance of waste materials in concrete. An interview session with an expertise also had been conducted to design a questionnaire that later had been distributed to 140 respondents from construction site background especially registered contractor Class G1-G7 all around Peninsular Malaysia. The data had been analyzed and the factor contribute to un-implemented of waste materials in construction had been identified. From the data analysis, factors that contributes to the un-implemented are due to lack of awareness and knowledge about waste materials as a cement replacement. Thus, to overcome this problem, respondents suggest that the workshop need to be conducted to spread the awareness and give a knowledge regarding waste materials as a cement replacement.
CFD Simulation of the Oil Displacement in Micromodel for Enhanced Oil Recovery Application
Authors: Jacinta P P Y A , Majnis M F , Musa S A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Diminishing hydrocarbon reserves in oil reservoirs and the need to sustain continuous oil production have prompted researchers to further investigate Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques. Researchers also test run these processes before EOR fluid injection into the reservoir to maximise oil production whilst minimising reservoir damage and fluid loss. This study aims to simulate oil displacement during the injection of two different types of EOR injection fluid, namely of water and polymer, using a commercial CFD software known as ANSYS Fluent. A heterogeneous 2D micromodel that has randomised pore network was selected as the basis of the flow system. By doing so, it is hoped to replicate a reservoir prototype using an innovative approach in a 2D geometry that appropriately simplifies complex reservoir properties represented. Initially, micromodel is fully saturated with crude oil. Then, water and polymer are injected separately on a case-to-case basis at flowrate of 0.8 mL/min. Visual inspection of the phase fraction contour results found that polymer flooded micromodel had smaller regions of oil volume fraction as compared to that of water flooded micromodel. Polymer flooded micromodel also had smaller and more branched fingering front as compared to water flooded micromodel. The analysis found that polymer flooding had better oil displacement efficiency as compared to traditional water flooding due to higher mobility ratio, reduced viscous fingering and lower residual oil saturation.
Optimization of capacity utilization using time-driven activity-based costing for library system
Authors: Zaini S N A M , Abu M Y 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLibrary system encourages and offers a number of opportunities to access the resource of desired information. Nonetheless, there is a problem in the current practice in library system which do not explain the relation between supplied resources and practical capacity. To view it in the form of unused capacity, they should establish capacity cost rates (CCR). In efforts to support in reducing costs and divert the workforce for far more important activities, unused capacity analysis is ultimately critical in forecast planning. This work aims to develop a new costing system for optimization of capacity utilization in library system. Time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) was applied in UMP library. While TDABC can enhance costs control for a range of library processes, it only focuses on acquisition and cataloging processes in this work. The analysis of data is carried out through four steps which are process mapping, time equation, CCR and forecast analysis. In this work, the total unused capacity at the acquisition center, in both local and overseas are 2,700,32 and 7,199,83 minutes. While in cataloging center, the total unused capacity are -393.05 and 5,468.35 minutes in local and oversea material respectively.