bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MuRF1 deficiency prevents age‐related fat weight gain, possibly through accumulation of PDK4 in skeletal muscle mitochondria in older mice
Authors: Sugiura Kosuke , Hirasaka Katsuya , Maeda Tasuku , Uchida Takayuki , Kishimoto Koji , Oarada Motoko , Labeit Siegfried , Ulla Anayt , Sakakibara Iori , Nakao Reiko , Sairyo Koichi , Nikawa Takeshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent studies show that muscle mass and metabolic function are interlinked. Muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) is a critical muscle‐specific ubiquitin ligase associated with muscle atrophy. Yet, the molecular target of MuRF1 in atrophy and aging remains unclear. We examined the role of MuRF1 in aging, using MuRF1‐deficient (MuRF1–/–) mice in vivo, and MuRF1‐overexpressing cell in vitro. MuRF1 deficiency partially prevents age‐induced skeletal muscle loss in mice. Interestingly, body weight and fat mass of more than 7‐month‐old MuRF1–/– mice were lower than in MuRF1+/+ mice. Serum and muscle metabolic parameters and results of indirect calorimetry suggest significantly higher energy expenditure and enhanced lipid metabolism in 3‐month‐old MuRF1–/– mice than in MuRF1+/+ mice, resulting in suppressed adipose tissue gain during aging. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is crucial for a switch from glucose to lipid metabolism, and the interaction between MuRF1 and PDK4 was examined. PDK4 protein levels were elevated in mitochondria from the skeletal muscle in MuRF1–/– mice. In vitro, MuRF1 interacted with PDK4 but did not induce degradation through ubiquitination. Instead, SUMO posttranscriptional modification (SUMOylation) of PDK4 was detected in MuRF1‐overexpressing cells, in contrast to cells without the RING domain of MuRF1. MuRF1 deficiency enhances lipid metabolism possibly by upregulating PDK4 localization into mitochondrial through prevention of SUMOylation. Inhibition of MuRF1‐mediated PDK4 SUMOylation is a potential therapeutic target for age‐related dysfunction of lipid metabolism and muscle atrophy.
Urinary metabolomics analysis of the protective effects of Daming capsule on hyperlipidemia rats using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Wenting , An Ran , Liu Fangtong , Gu Jintao , Sun Yue , Xu Silun , Pan Yumiao , Gao Zhiyuan , Ji Hongyu , Du Zhimin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHyperlipidemia is recognized as one of the most important risk factors for morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Daming capsule, a Chinese patent medicine, has shown definitive efficacy in patients with hyperlipidemia. In this study, serum biochemistry and histopathology assessment were used to investigate the lipid‐lowering effect of Daming capsule. Furthermore, urinary metabolomics based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was conducted to identify the urinary biomarkers associated with hyperlipidemia and discover the underlying mechanisms of the antihyperlipidemic action of Daming capsule. After 10 weeks of treatment, Daming capsule significantly lowered serum lipid levels and ameliorated hepatic steatosis induced by a high‐fat diet. A total of 33 potential biomarkers associated with hyperlipidemia were identified, among which 26 were robustly restored to normal levels after administration of Daming capsule. Pathway analysis revealed that the lipid‐lowering effect of Daming capsule is related to the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways including vitamin B and amino acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway. Notably, the study demonstrates that metabolomics is a powerful tool to elucidate the multitarget mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines, thereby promoting their research and development.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical components in Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry integrated with anti‐inflammatory activity research
Authors: Huang Lu , Xu Ding‐Qiao , Chen Yan‐Yan , Fu Rui‐Jia , Yue Shi‐Jun , Yin Jian‐Feng , Tang Yu‐Ping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs a traditional Chinese medicine, Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. has an effect on resolving phlegm, relieving cough, and relieving asthma. In this study, an ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method was established for qualitative analysis of Eupatorium lindleyanum. Besides, we developed an ultra high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method in positive and negative multiple reaction monitor modes for the quantitative analysis of 27 chemical constituents from 19 different batches of Eupatorium lindleyanum. The methodology validated linearity, intraday and interday precision, stability, repeatability, and recovery. The results showed that there were some differences in different batches of Eupatorium lindleyanum, which might be attributed to the influence of different growth environments and climatic conditions on the accumulation of compounds. The variable importance of projection value of orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis and anti‐inflammatory activity test showed that eupalinolide A, B, C, and K have high content and strong activity, which could provide a reference for the follow‐up study of the quality markers of Eupatorium lindleyanum. Collectively, we developed a rapid and efficient method for the qualitative analysis and simultaneous quantification of Eupatorium lindleyanum, which was beneficial for the comprehensive utilization and development of resources.
Endoscopic Repair of Type 1 Laryngeal Clefts and Deep Interarytenoid Notches: Cold Steel Versus Laser
Authors: Kou Yann‐Fuu , Kavoosi Tazheh , Redmann Andrew , Manning Amy , Tabangin Meredith , Myer Charles M. , Hart Catherine K. , Rutter Michael J. , de Alarcon Alessandro 
Published: June 2021

Objectives/HypothesisEndoscopic repair is the preferred surgical treatment for type 1 laryngeal clefts (T1LCs) and deep interarytenoid notches (DINs). No studies exist showing differences in repair rates using laser and cold steel. Our objective is to assess overall success and revision rate for endoscopic cleft repair and determine whether there is any difference in surgical outcomes between cold steel and laser techniques.Study DesignRetrospective chart review, cohort study.MethodsRetrospective review at a quaternary care pediatric hospital. Included all patients who underwent endoscopic repair for T1LCs and DINs between January 2010 and December 2019. Demographics, comorbidities, surgical data, outcomes, and revision status were collected and analyzed. We excluded patients who did not have a follow‐up at our institution.ResultsA total of 194 patients were identified, 14 were excluded for lack of follow‐up data so 180 were analyzed. Of these, 127 had cold steel repair and 53 had laser repair. There is no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities. In the cold steel group, 4 of 127 (3.1%) had breakdown and in the laser group, 10 of 53 (18.9%) had breakdown. Patients who failed after a cold steel repair tended to break down later (median 12.7 months) when compared to laser repairs (median 2.1 months). Nine of the 10 patients with breakdown after laser repair were noted on initial postoperative evaluation.ConclusionsEndoscopic cleft repair is a well‐described and effective method for repair of T1LCs and DINs. Both cold steel and laser have high success rates; however, higher failure rates were noted in the laser repair group. Failure after laser repair may occur earlier than failure after cold steel repair. But this did not reach significance.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:2805–2810, 2021
Esophageal stenosis in head and neck cancer patients: Imaging's accuracy to predict dilation response
Authors: Krishna Priya , Bomze Laura , Watson Wayanne , Yang Sara , Crawley Brianna , Inman Jared C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe primary goal of this study was to examine how well findings of cervical esophageal stenosis on modified barium swallow (MBS) and esophagram correlate with clinical improvement following dilation in patients with a history of head and neck (H&N) cancer.MethodsA retrospective review was performed at an academic hospital. The study population included H&N cancer patients with a history of neck dissection surgery who underwent esophageal dilation from 2010 to2018. Pre and postdilation swallowing function was assessed. The Functional Outcomes Swallowing Scale (FOSS) and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) were used as outcome measures.ResultsThe 95 patients were included. All patients had imaging prior to dilation. Post‐dilation FOSS and FOIS scores were significantly improved (P < .001). In identifying the patients that would have improvement from dilation, esophagram and MBS had average sensitivities of 81% and 82%, respectively. The negative predictive value (ie, the ability of a normal esophagram or normal MBS to exclude patients that would not improve with dilation) was only 46% and 38%, respectively. When the specific finding of aspiration on MBS was considered, the positive predictive value (PPV) (ie, the ability of an MBS positive for aspiration to predict that a patient would benefit from dilation) was 87% (P = .03). When only the specific finding of stenosis on esophagram was considered, the PPV of improvement post‐dilation was 58% (P = .97). The delay in time from imaging to dilation was significantly longer in those who had an unidentified stenosis (false negative) on imaging when compared to those who did not (46.8 ± 35.2 days vs 312.6 ± 244.1 days, P < .001).ConclusionIn high risk patients for cervical esophageal stenosis, such as those with a history of H&N cancer and open neck surgery with or without radiation, MBS and esophagram appear to have mixed reliability as predictors of response to esophageal dilation. In these patients, a “negative” result on MBS and esophagram may not be diagnostically accurate enough to exclude patients from consideration of dilation.Level of EvidenceIIb
Ocean acidification may mitigate negative effects of warming on carbon burial potential in subtidal unvegetated estuarine sediments
Authors: Simone Michelle N. , Schulz Kai G. , Eyre Bradley D. , Oakes Joanne M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEstuarine sediments make an important contribution to the global carbon cycle, but we do not know how this will change under a future climate, which is expected to have lower pH oceans and frequent high‐temperature days. Six combinations of warming and partial pressures of CO2(pCO2) were chosen to investigate the combined and individual effects of short‐term pressures on the diel metabolic response of shallow unvegetated sediments ex‐situ. Whereas warming significantly increased respiration, making sediments more heterotrophic, high‐pCO2increased net primary productivity, resulting in less heterotrophic sediments. As a result, warming decreased the carbon burial potential of estuarine sediments and high‐pCO2had the opposite effect. High‐pCO2mitigates the negative effects of warming on benthic metabolism under the combined scenario, with carbon burial similar to that expected under high‐pCO2conditions alone. Climate scenarios also changed the diurnalpCO2variation, with ranges increasing by 33% with warming, and almost doubling under high‐pCO2conditions. An additive response inpCO2variability was observed under the combined scenario, increasing to 2.3× the current diel‐pCO2range, highlighting the reduced buffering capacity of the water associated with a high CO2climate. Future carbon burial and export under increased frequencies of unseasonably warm days projected for mid and end of century (30% and 50% of days‐per‐year, respectively) were estimated with and without ocean acidification. By 2100, warming alone could decrease annual estuarine sediment burial potential by 25%. However, ocean acidification could mitigate the negative effects of more frequent high‐temperature days and increase carbon burial potential over current conditions by ~18%.
Inversion‐recovery MR elastography of the human brain for improved stiffness quantification near fluid–solid boundaries
Authors: Lilaj Ledia , Herthum Helge , Meyer Tom , Shahryari Mehrgan , Bertalan Gergely , Caiazzo Alfonso , Braun Jürgen , Fischer Thomas , Hirsch Sebastian , Sack Ingolf 
Published: June 2021

PurposeIn vivo MR elastography (MRE) holds promise as a neuroimaging marker. In cerebral MRE, shear waves are introduced into the brain, which also stimulate vibrations in adjacent CSF, resulting in blurring and biased stiffness values near brain surfaces. We here propose inversion‐recovery MRE (IR‐MRE) to suppress CSF signal and improve stiffness quantification in brain surface areas.MethodsInversion‐recovery MRE was demonstrated in agar‐based phantoms with solid‐fluid interfaces and 11 healthy volunteers using 31.25‐Hz harmonic vibrations. It was performed by standard single‐shot, spin‐echo EPI MRE following 2800‐ms IR preparation. Wave fields were acquired in 10 axial slices and analyzed for shear wave speed (SWS) as a surrogate marker of tissue stiffness by wavenumber‐based multicomponent inversion.ResultsPhantom SWS values near fluid interfaces were 7.5 ± 3.0% higher in IR‐MRE than MRE (P= .01). In the brain, IR‐MRE SNR was 17% lower than in MRE, without influencing parenchymal SWS (MRE: 1.38 ± 0.02 m/s; IR‐MRE: 1.39 ± 0.03 m/s;P= .18). The IR‐MRE tissue–CSF interfaces appeared sharper, showing 10% higher SWS near brain surfaces (MRE: 1.01 ± 0.03 m/s; IR‐MRE: 1.11 ± 0.01 m/s;P< .001) and 39% smaller ventricle sizes than MRE (P< .001).ConclusionsOur results show that brain MRE is affected by fluid oscillations that can be suppressed by IR‐MRE, which improves the depiction of anatomy in stiffness maps and the quantification of stiffness values in brain surface areas. Moreover, we measured similar stiffness values in brain parenchyma with and without fluid suppression, which indicates that shear wavelengths in solid and fluid compartments are identical, consistent with the theory of biphasic poroelastic media.
Influence of Dietary Replacement of Fish Meal with Crayfish Shell Meal on the Skin Coloration, Muscle Texture, and Amino Acid Composition of Oujiang Color Common Carp Cyprinus carpio var. color
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Fei , Wu Hao , Gao Jin-Wei , Tian Xing , Xiang Jin , He Zhi-Gang , Zou Li , Song Rui , Li Chuan-Wu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary replacement of fish meal with crayfish shell meal (red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii) on the skin coloration, muscle texture, and amino acid composition of Oujiang color common carp Cyprinus carpio var. color. One-hundred-eighty fish with average initial weight of 3.0 ± 0.5 g were fed with two isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets (a control diet and a crayfish shell meal diet with 25% substitution of fish meal protein [CSM25]). At the termination of the feeding trial, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values. Interestingly, one unexpected finding was the extent to which the highest value for total color difference (ΔE) was observed in caudal skin. The springiness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness of the muscle were not affected by the CSM25 diet in this study. Muscle hardness was decreased by dietary supplementation with crayfish shell meal, although this decrease was not significant. Notably, there were significant increases in the levels of threonine, leucine, and lysine in the CSM25 group. The current results indicate that crayfish shell meal can alter some essential amino acid levels in muscle. These findings might help others to better understand the influence of dietary replacement of fish meal with crayfish shell meal on skin coloration, muscle texture, and amino acid composition.
Conflicting and entangled human–nature relationships: A discursive‐material analysis of the documentary film Kiruna ‐ A Brand New World
Authors: Carpentier Nico , Doudaki Vaia , Rozsypal Pajerová Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractKiruna ‐ A Brand New World(2019) is a documentary film directed by Greta Stocklassa, and produced by the Czech company Analog Vision. It analyses the move of (part of) Kiruna, a north‐Swedish mining city, which is threatened by destruction because of the operations of the state‐owned ore mining company, Luossavaara‐Kiirunavaara (LKAB). The film focusses on the lives of a number of inhabitants, including Timo, a local activist opposing the move, the teenage Sami Maja and Abdalrahman, a teenage refugee from Yemen.Our discursive‐material analysis (see Carpentier, 2017) focusses on how the film represents and intervenes in a discursive‐material struggle over the identity of three actors—the soil, the city and the mine—and their interconnections.The article starts with a theoretical discussion on discourse theory, enriched by new materialist approaches, to develop a theoretical framework that does justice to the discursive‐material entanglement.This framework is then used to identify a hegemonic cluster of discourses that give meaning to nature, consisting of anthropocentrism, dualism and prometheanism, and a counterhegemonic cluster, consisting of ecocentrism, integrationism and survivalism.The analysis shows that the documentary film shows the workings of the hegemonic cluster (centred around the topoi of progress and TINA), but also visualizes the gaps in, and limits of, this hegemonic cluster. Second, the film also gently highlights the discursive‐material conflict by giving voice to those who identify with the counterhegemonic discourses, and by representing the soil as having material agency, resisting its exploitation.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Traditional food or biocultural threat? Concerns about the use of tilapia fish in Indigenous cuisine in the Amazonia of Ecuador
Authors: Santafe‐Troncoso Verónica , Loring Philip A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

This article contributes to streams of knowledge related to biocultural diversity, food tourism and the cultural impacts of introduced species. Specifically, it explores the concerns that arise from the promotion of tilapia fish Oreochromis niloticus in Indigenous cuisine along a touristic route in the Amazon region of Ecuador.

Although the environmental impacts of tilapia in the Amazon ecosystem have been largely documented, reports of cultural impacts are still scarce. This research addresses this gap by applying a biocultural approach, which provides a more systemic and pluralistic view of this introduced species in the local food systems of this region.

This qualitative research used semi‐structured interviews, observations, a workshop and the analysis of restaurant menus to understand the complexity of the tilapia issue in this case.

The results report the factors influencing the promotion of tilapia fish as traditional food, how locals perceive this promotion and its impacts on local culture and biocultural conservation, and locals’ proposals to mitigate these impacts.

The discussion section uses a biocultural ethics approach to analyse these results. We focus on stakeholders' perspectives and actions to address the tilapia issue in their region while navigating their multiple ways of valuing their human–environment relations and adapting to uncertain scenarios.
Connecting young people with greenspaces: The case for participatory video
Authors: Eastwood Antonia , Juárez‐Bourke Alba , Herrett Scott , Hague Alice 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe values that people hold are thought to be key in bringing about the transformative change needed to halt biodiversity loss. Caring for nature has been conceptualised as a relational value and is thought to be largely shaped in childhood and adolescence. Relational values, arising from human–nature interactions, are increasingly being viewed as critical to halting biodiversity loss. However, caring for nature is not seen as sufficient to bring about pro‐environmental behaviour; a sense of efficacy is thought to also be required.As human societies become more urbanised, the greenspaces in and around our cites will become increasingly important as spaces where people can experience human–nature interactions.In our study, we explore participatory video (PV) as a tool for (a) providing new insights on young people's experience of greenspace, (b) enabling meaningful and transformative human–nature interactions and (c) building efficacy.The films produced by the young people showed that greenspaces were not for them; they were associated with violence and bullying or simply thought of as ‘boring’. The study also provided unexpected evidence for the potential of PV, to not only transform the way previously disengaged young people viewed their local greenspace but also how they use it, benefit from it and begin to change their behaviours towards it. The PV process also enabled young people, individually and collectively, to connect with nature and experience activities that enhanced their efficacy, confidence and sense of empowerment.We go on to discuss the potential of PV to help leverage the transformative change necessary to halt biodiversity loss and build more sustainable futures.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Probing the tumorigenic potential of genetic interactions reconstituted in murine fallopian tube organoids
Authors: Maru Yoshiaki , Tanaka Naotake , Tatsumi Yasutoshi , Nakamura Yuki , Yao Ryoji , Noda Tetsuo , Itami Makiko , Hippo Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGenetically engineered mice have been the gold standard in modeling tumor development. Recent studies have demonstrated that genetically engineered organoids can develop subcutaneous tumors in immunocompromised mice, at least for organs that prefer predominant driver mutations for tumorigenesis. To further substantiate this concept, the fallopian tube (FT), a major cell of origin of ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), which almost invariably carries TP53 mutations, was investigated for p53 inactivation‐driven tumorigenesis. Murine FT organoids subjected to lentiviral Cre‐mediated Trp53 deletion did not develop tumors. However, subsequent suppression of Pten and simultaneous induction of mutant Pik3ca led to the development of carcinoma in situ and HGSC‐like tumors, respectively, whereas concurrent deletion of Apc resulted in the development of benign cysts, mirroring frequent activation of the PI3K/AKT axis and the marginal impact of Wnt pathway activation in HGSC. Consistent with the frequent activation of the RAS pathway in HGSC, mutant Kras cooperated with Trp53 deletion for the development of tumors, which unexpectedly contained sarcoma cells in addition to carcinoma cells, despite the epithelial origin of the inoculated organoids. This finding is in sharp contrast with the exclusive adenocarcinoma development from gastrointestinal organoids with the same genotype reported in previous studies, suggesting a tissue‐specific epithelial–mesenchymal transition program. In tumor‐derived organoids, the Cre‐mediated recombination rate reached 100% for Trp53 but not for the other genes, highlighting the advantage of p53 inactivation in FT tumorigenesis. The Trp53 wildtype FT organoids expressing the mutant Kras developed sarcoma and carcinoma upon Cdkn2a suppression and Tgfbr2 deletion, respectively, revealing novel pro‐tumorigenic genetic cooperation and critical roles of TGF‐β signaling for epithelial–mesenchymal transition in FT‐derived tumorigenesis. Collectively, the organoid‐based approach represents a shortcut to tumorigenesis and provides novel insights into the relationships among genotype, cell type, and tumor phenotype underlying tumorigenesis. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.