bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle Assessment of Reprocessed Cross Laminated Timber in Latvia
Authors: Vamza Ilze , Diaz Fabian , Resnais Peteris , Radziņa Antra , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It is expected that Cross-laminated timber (CLT) and other engineered wood products will experience rapid growth in the coming years. Global population growth is requiring more housing units, at the same time the negative impact of construction industry cannot stay in the same level as today. Alternatives for concrete and steel reinforced structures are being explored. CLT has proven to be an excellent substitution for concrete regarding construction of buildings up to eight storeys high. In addition to much lower environmental impact, construction process using CLT takes significantly less time due to pre-cut shapes required for specific project. Despite mentioned benefits, there are considerable amount of CLT cuttings generated in this process. Due to irregular shape and small dimensions of these cuttings they are useless for further use in construction. By applying re-processing technology described in this paper, around 70 % of generated cuttings can be re-processed into new CLT panels. In this paper we are evaluating the environmental benefits of re-processing these cuttings into new CLT panels versus business-as-usual scenario with waste disposal. Life cycle assessment results showed significant reduction of environmental impact for the scenario of CLT cutting re-processing.
Anticipating a Reverse Mortgage Adoption in Croatia
Authors: Ana Kundid Novokmet , Martina Matković 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Reverse mortgage is an alternative source of financing of elderly population that usually has some homeownership, but insufficient income and savings to support desired or indispensable level of consumption. It is a financial innovation mostly provided by banks and finance companies to seniors, which enables a home equity conversion to liquidity without selling or leaving a property. In circumstances of ageing society, modest pension income, increasing long-care expenditures, limited access to loan market and high risk of poverty, a reverse mortgage product has a solid ground for implementation and adoption. Croatia is an ageing country with negative demographic trends, which accelerated in the last few years. Retired population which is “home rich and cash poor” is particularly vulnerable and at strike to sustain a decent life. Therefore, we raised a question concerning the justification of the reverse mortgage introduction in Croatia. After giving an insight into some contextual factors, an estimation of the potential demand for reverse mortgage service in Croatia was made by carrying out an exploratory – pilot study with around 120 questionnaire respondents. We found out that there is a poor knowledge about the reverse mortgage among Croatian financial consumers (i.e. only 24% of respondents are familiar with the reverse mortgage term), as well as the lack of demand for this home equity extraction instrument. Namely, almost 67% of respondents would not accept a reverse mortgage instrument regardless of the circumstances, primarily due to socio-cultural reasons.
Recent clonal reproduction of Cryptomeria japonica in a snowy region revealed by a survey of small-sized ramets
Authors: Kimura Megumi K. , Nagashima Takashi , Kamitani Tomohiko , Sakio Hitoshi , Tsumura Yoshihiko 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Clonal reproduction may contribute to population maintenance in areas where disturbance caused by snow limits tree recruitment. To understand the importance of clonal reproduction in the population dynamics of canopy tree species, it is necessary to determine the frequency of clonal reproduction in the early stages of seedling establishment. We found 106 ramets, including “small-sized” ramets of less than 5 cm in diameter at breast height, aggregated within 4 patches in a 70 × 50 m plot and also identified 20 genets among these ramets with the use of nuclear microsatellite markers. The size structure of the ramets revealed an inverse J-shaped distribution, suggesting that continuous recruitment of new ramets occurs. However, the number of intermediate-sized ramets (around 10 cm DBH) at the present study site was small, suggesting that most new ramets die while they are still small by pressure from heavy snow. Of the 20 genets, 12 included one or more small-sized ramets, which indicated recent recruitment. Of the 12 genets, 3 included only a single small-sized ramet, which suggested seedling recruitment, whereas the other 9 included multiple ramets (39 small-sized ramets in total), which indicated clonal recruitment. The frequency (9/12) and number (39/9) of recent clonal recruits suggest that clonal reproduction effectively maintains the population of Cryptomeria japonica in snowy regions.
Behaviour of eccentrically inclined loaded rectangular foundation on reinforced sand
Authors: Gupta Sujata , Mital Anupam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study presents the behaviour of model footing resting over unreinforced and reinforced sand bed under different loading conditions carried out experimentally. The parameters investigated in this study includes the number of reinforced layers (N = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4), embedment ratio (Df
/B = 0, 0.5, 1.0), eccentric and inclined ratio (e/L, e/B = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) and (a = 0°, 7°, 14°). The test sand was reinforced with bi-axial geogrid (Bx20/20). The test results show that the ultimate bearing capacities decrease with axial eccentricity and inclination of applied loads. The test results also show that the depth of model footing increase zero to B (B = width of model footing), an increase of ultimate bearing capacity (UBC) approximated at 93%. Similarly, the multi-layered geogrid reinforced sand (N = 0 to 4) increases the UBC by about 75%. The bearing capacity ratio (BCR) of the model footing increases with an increasing load eccentricity to the core boundary of footing; if the load eccentricities increase continuity, the BCR decreases. The tilt of the model footing is increased by increasing the eccentricity and decreases with increasing the number of reinforcing layers.
Persons with intellectual disability: Sexual behaviour, knowledge and assertiveness
Authors: Brkić-Jovanović Nina , Runjo Vanja , Tamaš Daniela , Slavković Sanela , Milankov Vesela 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
Persons with ID most often have incomplete, contradictory and imprecise knowledge of sexuality and sexual intercourse itself. They are not provided with sufficient information on their own body and sexuality, and are often discouraged from and sanctioned for trying to sexually express themselves. Sexual abuse due to low sexual assertiveness is also common.

Aim
The principal aim of this study was to establish the presence or absence of sexual activity in adults with ID residing in institutional housing, as well as the level and structure of their knowledge of sexuality, their sexual assertiveness and preparedness to react in a sexually dangerous situation.

Methods
The sample consisted of 100 participants with ID residing in institutional housing. The instruments used included the General Sexual Knowledge Questionnaire, What-if test and Hulbert index of sexual assertiveness. Comparative statistics included coefficient of linear correlation and multiple regression analysis.

Results
The results showed that 82% of the participants are sexually active. Most participants admitted to sometimes having sexual intercourse against their wishes as well as to having difficulty asserting themselves. Their knowledge of pregnancy, contraception and sexually transmitted diseases was very low. Female participants and those that reported having sexual intercourse had more sexual knowledge and were also more sexually assertive.

Conclusion
Knowledge of sexuality and sexual assertiveness of persons with ID residing in institutional housing is very low. Additional information on sexuality is necessary, as well as support in learning to express their own desires and to deal with unwanted sexual activity.
Computational Intention
Authors: Turner Raymond 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The core entities of computer science include formal languages, spec-ifications, models, programs, implementations, semantic theories, type inference systems, abstract and physical machines. While there are conceptual questions concerning their nature, and in particular ontological ones (Turner 2018), our main focus here will be on the relationships between them. These relationships have an extensional aspect that articulates the propositional connection between the two entities, and an intentional one that fixes the direction of governance. An analysis of these two aspects will drive our investigation; an investigation that will touch upon some of the central concerns of the philosophy of computer science (Turner 2017).
Does Public Debt Service Expenditure Crowd-Out Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence from an African Developing Country
Authors: Saungweme Talknice , Odhiambo Nicholas M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the impact of public debt service on economic growth; and it provides an evidence-based approach to public policy formulation in Zimbabwe. The empirical analysis was performed by applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique to annual time-series data from 1970 to 2017. The study findings reveal that the impact of public debt service on economic growth in Zimbabwe is negative in the short run but positive in the long run. The results are suggestive of the existence of a crowding-out effect of public debt service in Zimbabwe in the short run and a crowding-in effect in the long run. In view of these findings, the government should consider fiscal and financial policies that promote a constant supply of long-term finance, long-term fixed investments, and extension of a government securities maturity structure so as to ensure sustainable short- and long-term public debt service expenditures. The study further recommends the strengthening of non-distortionary revenue mobilisation reforms to reduce market distortions and boost domestic investment.
Selected Problems of Additive Manufacturing Using SLS/SLM Processes
Authors: Kozak Jerzy , Zakrzewski Tomasz , Witt Marta , Dębowska-Wąsak Martyna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) based on Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is relatively widely used to manufacture complex shape parts made from metallic alloys, ceramic and polymers. Although the SLM process has many advantages over the conventional machining, main disadvantages are the relatively poor surface quality and the occurrence of the material structure defect porosity.
The paper presents key problems directly related to the implementation of AM, and in particular the selection and optimization of process conditions. The first section examines the issues of dimensional accuracy, the second surface quality and porosity problem determining the mechanical properties of manufactured products.
Tests of Selected Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints in Rotorcraft
Authors: Korzec Izabela , Łusiak Tomasz , Bugaj Martin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The following article presents experimental use of different ways of inguinal connecting of aircraft elements using TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas), MAG (Metal Active Gas) and arched coated electrode. The object of the research were samples of rotorcraft elements, which were connected to each other by TIG, MAG methods and the coated electrode. The main aim of the research was to determine selected mechanical properties in particular hardness and strength of inguinal joints and then, based on the tests carried out, the best methods were selected.
Influence of Alien Species Pistia stratiotes L., 1753 on Representative Species of Genus Salvinia in Ukraine
Authors: Olkhovych Olga , Taran Natalya , Hrechyshkina Svitlana , Musienko Mykola 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This work purpose was to find the impact of Pistia stratiotes L., 1753 - a new species on the territory of Ukraine, on the vitality of other free-floating hydrophytes so-called pleuston- Salvinia natans (L.) All., 1785, S. laevigatum (Humb. and Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine, 1968, to determine the degree of stability and competitiveness of these species for resources in natural ecosystems relatively to the undesirable species. To find out the influence of P. stratiotes on other free-floating on the water surface plant species which compete for elements of nutrition among each other, we have investigated changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments in S. laevigatum and S. natans, which were exhibited with P. stratiotes for 14 days. Besides changes in water indices, oxygen content, mineralization and pH, were measured.
Innovative On-Site Adapted System for Fish Migration with Flow Divider and Glass Collector Basin
Authors: Voicu Răzvan , Radecki-Pawlik Artur , Voicu Liliana , Urbani Joseph Dominick , Bănăduc Doru 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The authors designed a new site-adapted fish passage system for upstream and downstream migration of small and large fish on the urban sector of the Bistriţa River. The longitudinal connectivity of this lotic system is interrupted by numerous transversal hydrotechnical works (weirs). This proposed system was designed to facilitate fish migration, promote fish recolonization of upstream and downstream habitats, allow the expansion of fish range, and increase spawning potential. All components of the proposed system are attached to a concrete girder located to the right stream bank, except a glass basin that is submerged in the riverbed. The positioning of the system in this girder ensures its resistance to high water events, while offering safe passage for fish in both directions.
On a Recent Pioneering Taxonomic Study of the Fishes from Rivers Diyung, Vomvadung, Khualzangvadung, Tuikoi and Mahur in Dima Hasao District of Assam (India)
Authors: Kar Devashish , Khynriam Dimos 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ichthyofauna surveys in Diyung, Vomvadung, Khualzangvadung, Tuikoi, and Mahur rivers under Dima Hasao District of Assam resulted in the first report of 21 species of fish belonging to 19 genera, eight families, and four orders. These include Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, Synbranchiformes, and Perciformes. The species composition is highest in Vomvadung River with 11 species, followed by Diyung with eight species, Khualzangvadung with six species, Mohur with three species, and Tuikoi with two species. The conservation status of Systomus clavatus, Tor tor, Neolissochilus hexagonolepis, Neolissochilus hexastichus is near threatened, and Pterocryptis barakensis is endangered.
The Relationship between the Country‘s Global Competitiveness and its National MNEs
Authors: Mezinova Inga Aleksandrovna , Amirkhanyan Janetta Benikovna , Bodiagin Oleg Valerjevich , Balanova Milena Miroslavovna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of home-multinational enterprises on country global competitiveness and to determine how this influence changes with the stage of country competitiveness. Based on the regression model, Variance Inflation Factor test and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering method, we analyzed the WEF Global Competitiveness Index 2017–2018 of those countries whose multinational firms were included into the Forbes Global 2000 list of 2017. The findings highlighted the important role of home-MNEs as determinants of countries‘ competitiveness, however MNE-related contribution of different pillars and components of the Global Competitiveness Index vary, depending on the stage of competitiveness of the studied 58 countries.
Balance of Payments Deficit and Currency Board Arrangement Sustainability in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kurteš Siniša , Amidžić Srđan , Rajčević Perica 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Constant current account deficit in Bosnia and Herzegovina results from a large foreign trade imbalance, which in turn is a consequence of uncompetitiveness of the economy in the global market. The current account deficit is mainly financed by foreign remittances, foreign aid, and least of all by foreign investment. Lately, the outflow of the active, working population has been decreasing the labor force (especially the qualified and highly educated employees), as well as the domestic demand, which will exert further pressure on the balance of payments account. On the other hand, monetary policy is operating under the principles of currency board, i.e. applying a firm exchange rate, so the question arises whether and to what extent it is sustainable, under the conditions of a high current account deficit. The purpose of this paper is precisely to examine the relation between the deficit of balance of payments and the sustainability of the currency board arrangement in Bosnia and Herzegovina, under such conditions.
The R&D Spillovers, Innovation and Knowledge-based Economy
Authors: Miroshnychenko Olga 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The R&D processes generate knowledge and enhance innovation activity. Knowledge and ideas developed by one agent may spill over to and can be used for economic and acquired by other agents. The results of these processes are known as the R&D spillover effects. Factors, that have influence on innovation diffusion, and determine the place of the R&D spillovers in knowledge-based economy have been investigated in the article. The definition and types of knowledge have been examined. The relationship between the R&D cooperation, different types of knowledge, knowledge spillovers and innovation have been traced. The main objectives of the paper are to consider the concept of the R&D spillovers and connection between different types of knowledge and the R&D spillover effects. Systematic comparative analysis, synthesis and generalization of the scientific literature have been carried out in order to create the theoretical background of the research of the R&D spillovers and innovation. The qualitative research methods have been employed to investigate relationship between the R&D spillovers and different types of knowledge. The R&D positive effect of spillovers on innovation activity, promotion of cooperation between different agents (individuals, business entities, organizations, and countries), spreadability and access to knowledge on nonprofit basis and enhancement of innovation diffusion have been identified.
THE EXPERIENCE OF THE AMBULANCE SERVICE IN A PANDEMIC FROM MARCH TO DECEMBER2020 IN KRASNODAR
Authors: Alekseenko S. N. , Bagdasaryan A. S. , Sirunyants A. A. , Pukhnyak D. V. , Kamalyan Z. A. , Linchenko S. N. , Bosak N. V. , Geraschenko E. V. , Remizova A. I. , Staritskiy A. G. , Mikhalevich A. А. 
Published: April 2021

The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection caused the need to reorganize the work of emergency medical services (EMS) due to the high contagiousness and mortality, multiple organ lesions, difficulties in diagnosis and the lack of protocols for providing medical care to patients at the prehospital stage.The purpose and objectives of the study is to assess the activities of the ambulance service in the context of a new coronavirus infection in Krasnodar.Materials and methods: data of the information base of the integrated automated system for managing the activities of the ambulance station SBIHC KEH of the Ministry of Health Care of the Krasnodar Region in Krasnodar.Results. А differentiated approach and algorithm was developed for assessing the severity of the condition in patients with COVID-infection and ARVI, their routing and organization of treatment in Krasnodar.Conclusion: an assessment of the work of the ambulance service in combination with the measures taken during the observation period will ultimately allow organizing high-quality medical care to the population.
The analysis of the range of antipsoriatic medicines used in the local treatment of mild psoriasis in Ukraine
Authors: Nemchenko A. S. , Taranenko Yu.S. , Gladukh Ie. V. , Mishchenko V. I. 
Published: April 2021

Today, according to various authors, the prevalence of psoriasis is 12-15% of the total number of skin diseases. The incidence of psoriasis in countries with high economic development is 1.5-2%. Therefore, the development of new drugs for the treatment of psoriasis is an urgent problem of domestic pharmacy.
Aim. To analyze the range of antipsoriatic drugs used in the local treatment of mild psoriasis in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. The assortment of drugs was analyzed in accordance with the State Registry of Medicines of Ukraine and the АТС classification system. In the course of the research, the content analysis and the analysis of scientific information using internet sources on the selected topic were performed; analytical and statistical methods of analysis were applied.
Results. According to the retrospective analysis, there is a constant change in the ratio of domestic and foreign producers during the study period.
It has been determined that 17.5 % are occupied by semisolid dosage forms; cream (10.0 %), paste (5.0 %) and gel (2.5 %) are the closest in the form to the drug proposed for introduction.
The analysis of dermatological drugs compared to the analogs has allowed us to determine that there are 8 trade names at the domestic pharmaceutical market. Among them, 75.0 % have a synthetic component, while 25.0 % are combined preparations (herbal components and synthetic composition)
Conclusions. The range of antipsoriatic drugs in the local treatment of mild psoriasis has been analyzed in the article. In recent years, the research on the treatment of this disease has been actively conducted due to the large number of patients. There is a need to develop new effective domestic anti-psoriatic drugs. It is advisable to carry out further development of new drugs of the combined composition for the treatment of mild psoriasis.
Key words: antipsoriatic medicines; assortment analysis; forms of psoriasis; local treatment.
الجودة المدركة لخدمات الموقع الإلكتروني وأثرها في تعزيز التميز الأكاديمي دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من التدريسيين في جامعة دهوك
Authors: Abas Saad F. , Ismail Aveen Idris S. 
Published: April 2021

تناولت الدراسة الحالية متغيرين هما الجودة المدركة لخدمات الموقع الإلكتروني للجامعة، والتميز الأكاديمي، إذ تُعد الجودة المدركة لخدمات الموقع الإلكتروني وسيلة مهمة تقود الجامعة إلى التواصل المستمر مع التدريسيين ومعرفة متطلباتهم وتقديم الخدمات المناسبة لهم مما يزيد من فرصها للإزدهار والتقدم. ويُعد التميز الأكاديمي من المواضيع الحديثة التي لاقت إهتماماً واسعاً من قبل العديد من الجامعات كونه سلاحاً تنافسياً يضمن تحقيقه الإستمرار في ظل التحديات الراهنة في مجال التعليم العالي. وقد هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد طبيعة العلاقة بين الجودة المدركة لخدمات الموقع الإلكتروني للجامعة وأثرها في تعزيز التميز الأكاديمي.
وبنيت الدراسة على مخطط افتراضي معتمد على عدد من الفرضيات الرئيسة يعكس العلاقة بين متغيرات الدراسة. ولإختبار صحة الفرضيات تم اختيار عينة من التدريسيين في الكليات التابعة لجامعة دهوك لإجراء الجانب الميداني من الدراسة، وتم جمع البيانات بالإعتماد على إستمارة إستبانة أعدت لهذا الغرض، ومن ثم تحليل النتائج بناءاً على البيانات المجمعة. وقد إشتملت عينة الدراسة النهائية على (176) تدريسي من كليات جامعة دهوك، وجرى تحليل البيانات باستخدام مجموعة من الأساليب الإحصائية بإستخدام برنامج .(SPSS V.25)
وتمثلت أهم نتائج الدراسة بوجود إرتباط موجب وتأثير معنوي بين الجودة المدركة لخدمات الموقع الإلكتروني والتميز الأكاديمي، وخلصت الدراسة إلى تقديم عدد من المقترحات التي تُعزز كل من مستويات الجودة المدركة لخدمات الموقع الإلكتروني للجامعة والتميز الأكاديمي للتدريسيين في جامعة دهوك.