bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Receding‐horizon based optimal dispatch of virtual power plant considering stochastic dynamic of photovoltaic generation
Authors: Xu Yan , Liu Zuoyu , Wen Fushuan , Palu Ivo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe merits of a virtual power plant in integrating photovoltaic generation and flexible loads, such as a chilled water thermal storage air conditioning system and an electric vehicle, are well recognized. However, the optimal operation of a virtual power plant is challenged by the complexities of solar irradiance and the large size of a chilled water thermal storage air conditioning system and an electric vehicle. This paper proposes a new approach to the optimal dispatch problem of a virtual power plant. The stochastic dynamic of solar irradiance is modelled by a stochastic differential equation set. The binary decision for a chilled water thermal storage air conditioning system and an electric vehicle are characterized by a mixed logical dynamical model. The resulting optimal dispatch problem is solved by the receding horizon approach. The appeal of the proposed approach is in its capability to consider the stochastically dynamical impact of solar irradiance. Besides, the proposed approach can solve the optimization problem over a relatively small period of time, and thus has the potential for online applications. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by numerical simulations.
Super resolution passive radars based on 802.11ax Wi‐Fi signals for human movement detection
Authors: Yildirim Hasan Can , Determe Jean‐François , Storrer Laurent , Rottenberg François , De Doncker Philippe , Louveaux Jérôme , Horlin François 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPassive Radars based on Wi‐Fi signals provide an excellent opportunity for human sensing without violating the privacy of individuals. Due to the limited integration time of Wi‐Fi bursts and relatively low bandwidths, Fourier Transform‐based methods do not provide the required accuracy. Herein, a Wi‐Fi‐based passive radar algorithm is proposed for indoor human movement detection with super resolution which relies on the ESPRIT algorithm to estimate range/speed parameters from limited number of measurements. To determine the number of targets in the environment, a new Model Order Selection (MOS) method is proposed which exploits the orthogonality between the basis vectors of signal and noise subspaces obtained from the sample covariance matrix of the measurements. The new MOS method along with the proposed algorithm are numerically analysed and compared with other existing methods. Finally, the performance of the algorithm is experimentally validated in indoor conditions.
Pediatric Chronic Critical Illness, Prolonged ICU Admissions, and Clinician Distress
Authors: Miles Alison H. , Rushton Cynda H. , Wise Brian M. , Moore Aka , Boss Renee D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo gain an in-depth understanding of the experience of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) clinicians caring for children with chronic critical illness (CCI), we conducted, audiotaped, and transcribed in-person interviews with PICU clinicians. We used purposive sampling to identify five PICU patients who died following long admissions, whose care generated substantial staff distress. We recruited four to six interdisciplinary clinicians per patient who had frequent clinical interactions with the patient/family for interviews. Conventional content analysis was applied to the transcripts resulting in the emergence of five themes: nonbeneficial treatment; who is driving care? Elusive goals of care, compromised personhood, and suffering. Interventions directed at increasing consensus, clarifying goals of care, developing systems allowing children with CCI to be cared for outside of the ICU, and improving communication may help to ameliorate this distress.
Quality of Life in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Anshu Alok , Sundaravadhanan Shashivadhanan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one field of neurotrauma where fierce research has been going on to achieve a cure for the dreaded disease. Complete cure of this condition still remains elusive. Although focus is mainly on reversing the physical disability, not much importance is given to other factors which have an immense bearing on quality of life (QOL) of the victim. These factors include social health, psychological health, and environmental factors. The Indian Armed Forces offers the unique advantage of following up a patient from the time of injury till rehabilitation. This prospective longitudinal study is the first of its kind in India, undertaken to assess the QOL of the SCI patient from the time of trauma till end of 1 year. We have attempted to measure QOL of the SCI patients in four main domains (physical health, psychological health, social health, and environmental factors) and further tried to highlight the predictors which play a major role in improving QOL. It is proposed that identifying these important predictors and correcting them with appropriate targeted interventions can play a major role in improving the QOL in SCI patients.
Materials and Methods This prospective longitudinal study was carried out in a single tertiary care hospital from May 2017 to October 2019. All patients with SCI were treated and followed up for at least 1 year posttrauma using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire. A total of 68 patients were treated and studied. Results were analyzed and conclusions drawn.
Observations and Results Physical health was the most important domain to have an impact on QOL while environmental health had the least. Maximum improvement occurred in all domains during the first 6 months after which the improvement in scores was unimpressive. The degree of improvement correlated directly to the severity of initial motor deficits. Strong caregivers' support and structured care in a rehabilitation center played important role in improving the QOL of SCI patients.
Conclusion Our study goes on to prove that in order to improve QOL of SCI patients an assessment needs to be undertaken going beyond physical domain. Factors playing a major role in deciding QOL should be identified and then subsequently be corrected with targeted interventions.
Examining the Relationship between Concussion and Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Review on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Poluyi Edward , Morgan Eghosa , Poluyi Charles , Ikwuegbuenyi Chibuikem , Imaguezegie Grace 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Current epidemiological studies have examined the associations between moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their risks of developing neurodegenerative diseases. Concussion, also known as mild TBI (mTBI), is however quite distinct from moderate or severe TBIs. Only few studies in this burgeoning area have examined concussion—especially repetitive episodes—and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, no definite relationship has been established between them.
Objectives This review will discuss the available literatures linking concussion and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Materials and Methods Given the complexity of this subject, a realist review methodology was selected which includes clarifying the scope and developing a theoretical framework, developing a search strategy, selection and appraisal, data extraction, and synthesis. A detailed literature matrix was set out in order to get relevant and recent findings on this topic.
Results Presently, there is no objective clinical test for the diagnosis of concussion because the features are less obvious on physical examination. Absence of an objective test in diagnosing concussion sometimes leads to skepticism when confirming the presence or absence of concussion. Intriguingly, several possible explanations have been proposed in the pathological mechanisms that lead to the development of some neurodegenerative disorders (such as ALS and AD) and concussion but the two major events are deposition of tau proteins (abnormal microtubule proteins) and neuroinflammation, which ranges from glutamate excitotoxicity pathways and inflammatory pathways (which leads to a rise in the metabolic demands of microglia cells and neurons), to mitochondrial function via the oxidative pathways.
Conclusion mTBI constitutes majority of brain injuries. However, studies have focused mostly on moderate-to-severe TBI as highlighted above with inconclusive and paucity of studies linking concussion and neurodegenerative disorders. Although, it is highly probable that repetitive concussion (mTBI) and subconcussive head injuries may be risk factors for ALS) and AD from this review. It will be imperative therefore to conduct more research with a focus on mTBI and its association with ALS and AD.
Two-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis of NiTe2-MoS2 vertical junctions with improved MoS2 transistor performance
Authors: Guo Yuxi , Kang Lixing , Zeng Qingsheng , Xu Manzhang , Li Lei , Wu Yao , Yang Jiefu , Zhang Yanni , Qi Xiaofei , Zhao Wu , Zhang Zhiyong , Liu Zheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The primary challenge for the widespread application of two-dimensional (2D) electronics is to achieve satisfactory electrical contacts because, during the traditional metal integration process, difficulties arise due to inevitable physical damage and selective doping. Two-dimensional metal–semiconductor junctions have attracted attention for the potential application to achieve reliable electrical contacts in future atomically thin electronics. Here we demonstrate the van der Waals epitaxial growth of 2D NiTe2-MoS2 metal–semiconductor vertical junctions where the upper NiTe2 selectively nucleates at the edge of the underlying MoS2. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) studies confirmed that NiTe2-MoS2 metal–semiconductor vertical junctions had been successfully synthesized. The electrical properties of the NiTe2-contacted MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs) showed higher field-effect mobilities (μ
FE) than those with deposited Cr/Au contacts. This study demonstrates an effective pathway to improved MoS2 transistor performance with metal–semiconductor junctions.
Geometrical and topological study of the Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition in the XY model in two dimensions
Authors: Bel-Hadj-Aissa Ghofrane , Gori Matteo , Franzosi Roberto , Pettini Marco 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Phase transitions do not necessarily correspond to a symmetry-breaking phenomenon. This is the case of the Kosterlitz–Thouless (KT) phase transition in a two-dimensional classical XY model, a typical example of a transition stemming from a deeper phenomenon than a symmetry-breaking. Actually, the KT transition is a paradigmatic example of the successful application of topological concepts to the study of phase transition phenomena in the absence of an order parameter. Topology conceptually enters through the meaning of defects in real space. In the present work, the same kind of KT phase transition in a two-dimensional classical XY model is tackled by resorting again to a topological viewpoint, however focussed on the energy level sets in phase space rather than on topological defects in real space. Also from this point of view, the origin of the KT transition can be attributed to a topological phenomenon. In fact, the transition is detected through peculiar geometrical changes of the energy level sets which, after a theorem in differential topology, are direct probes of topological changes of these level sets.
Universality in a class of the modified Villain–Lai–Das Sarma equation
Authors: Li Bin , Tan Zihao , Jiao Yang , Xia Hui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The universal scaling properties of the original and modified versions of the Villain–Lai–Das Sarma (VLDS) growth system are investigated numerically in both (1 + 1) and (2 + 1) dimensions. The modified VLDS equation with instability suppression by an exponentially decreasing function is equivalent to the VLDS with infinitely many weakly relevant nonlinear terms (VLDS∞). The growth instability and scaling properties are discussed based on the modification of the VLDS growth system. Our results show that the existence of infinitely many weakly relevant nonlinear terms in the modified VLDS system could: (i) lead to nontrivial scaling behavior in a generic way, such as anomalous scaling; (ii) be partially effective at suppressing numerical instabilities in the normal VLDS equation.
Stability Test of Colouring Agent from Pericarpium of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) Extract in Laboratory Diagnostic of Intestinal Nematode Eggs Preparation
Authors: Syafrullah H. , Supriatin Y. , Yuliani E. , Aurora N. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The red dragon fruit pericarpium contais anthocyanin as a natural red dye agent that can be extracted from plant cells. Anthocianin can be used as a colouring agent in intestinal nematode worm eggs. The aim of reseach is to determinate a stability test of natural red dye produced from 3% red dragon fruit pericarpium extract after storing for 27, 28, 29 weeks using a spectrophotometer at 504 nm wavelength and also to determine a stability test in diagnostic application in colouring of intestinal nematode worm eggs preparation. The result of the reseach indicated the longer the storage time, the lower the absorbance value obtained. Likewise with preparations, the longer the storage of these dyes the less the quality of the dye. The processing data used Anova test. From the result of the statistical test can be concluded that stability of the dye agent will be decrease according to lengh of time required. The suggestion for next result is to do resistance test for a long time accurately.
Evaluation of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx Extract Stability for Intestinal Nematode Egg Staining
Authors: Vanawati N , Oktari A , Febriani TY 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx extract is rich in anthocyanin and it has been widely used as a natural colouring agent, for example as an alternative dye for eosin 2% in intestinal nematode egg staining. However, as a natural colour, the temperature and storage time are often altered anthocyanin activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate stability of Roselle calyx extract using various time and temperature storage and its staining properties on the intestinal nematode eggs. The Roselle calyx was extracted using maceration technique for ± 3 days and then made 80% concentration of extract. Extracted is stored within 1, 7, 14, and 21 evaluation days in room temperature (25°C) and cold temperature (4°C) for extract characterization, absorption of anthocyanin, pH, and staining observation. The result showed that natural extract from Roselle calyx stained intestinal nematode eggs and stable within 21 days storage in cold temperature (4°C).
Differences of Bio (Chemical) Characterization of Garlic and Black garlic on Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Halimah Lia Siti , Hasan Khomaini 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Black garlic is a fermented garlic product that produces black color from the fermentation process at 80°C for 15 days. Interestingly, black garlic has pharmacological effects, but the properties possessed by black garlic are inseparable from the processes that occur during its manufacture which involve the heating process. This study aimed to examine the differences in biochemical characterization of garlic and black garlics that affect the antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Analysis of bio-(chemical) ingredients was conducted by mass spectroscopy method, whereas antibacterial behaviour was carried out against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. The antioxidant testing was done using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results showed that black garlics had a different mass spectrum display on the mass/charge (m/z) ratio compared to garlic. The result showed that there was an elevation in the m/z ratio of 39.48, 104.74, 112.69, 175.79, 381.95 and 544.03. These was predicted to cause a change in color, texture and different taste in black garlics. The antibacterial activity of black garlic was not significantly different from garlic both against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumonia. Likewise with the DPPH antioxidant activity of black garlic is not significantly different from garlic. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the garlic fermentation process with a heating method at 80°C for 15 days can increase the m/z ratio of black garlics, change color, texture, and taste but do not significantly change the antibacterial activity or antioxidant activity.
Antioxidant Activity Of 70% Ethanol Extract Combination Of Kemangi Leaf (Ocimum Americanum Linn) and Binahong Leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Using DPPH
Authors: Himawan Herson Cahaya , Isa Achmad Fauzi , Wiharja Dena Sapira 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Basil and binahong leaf are plants that can be used as medicine. Basil leaf contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Binahong leaf contain alkaloids, flavonoid and tannins. These compounds have the ability as an antioxidant to inhibit free radicals. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of a combination of basil leaf extract and binahong leaf. The method used in testing the antioxidant activity is the DPPH free radical scavenging method (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrihidrazil). Simplicia powder of basil leaf and binahong leaf were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. Each extract and extract combination was tested for antioxidant activity against DPPH by measuring the absorbance of DPPH at a wavelength of 516.5 nm. The results showed that the IC50 value for ethanol extract of basil leaf was 42.33 ppm, ethanol extract of binahong leaf was 51.57 ppm, and the IC50 value from each of the combination of ethanol extract of basil leaf and binahong leaf at a ratio of 1:1; 1:2 ; 2;1 was 59.71 ppm ; 77.18 ppm ; 24.33 ppm. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the antioxidant activity of the combination of ethanol extract of basil and binahong leaf is very strong compared to the singular both. The combination of ethanol extract of basil leaf and binahong leaf in a ratio of 2:1 has very strong antioxidant activity.
Analysis of Drug Effectiveness and Efficiency of Use of Amlodipine-Captopril Combination Compared to Amlodipine-Valsartan in the X Hospital Patients of Bogor
Authors: Effendi Ferry , Septiani Sri , Lubis Leny Fitri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Prevalence of people with hypertension are increased with the increasingly cost of health, especially the cost of drug and hypertension including disease with long life medication therefore, we need cost effectiveness analysis for hypertension in order to assist in making effectiveness the drug selection decisions by benefit and cost. This study aim to find out difference of cost-effectiveness between amlodipine-captopril combination and amlodipine-valsartan on hypertension inpatient with BPJS in X Hospital of Bogor. Cost effectiveness analysis was conducted troughpayers perspective namely BPJS from direct medical cost. The output is patient blood pleasure after medication with antihipertensi. Cost effectiveness analysis using value of ACER based difference on ratio between cost with output. Based on sociodemography hypertension inpatient most widely male sex (57,8%), age 56-65 years old (33,3%), housewife profession (36,7%), and last education in elementary school (33,3%). Result revealed theres difference of effectivity therapy and theres difference of cost effectiveness between amlodipine-captopril combination and amlodipine-valsartan combination, based on ACER value of amlodipine-captopril combination was Rp.19.361,9 and it is smaller than value ACER of amlodipine-valsartan combination was Rp 27.655,8.Indicating that amlodipine-captopril combination more effective and more cost-effective than amlodipine-valsartan.
Antioxidant Activities from Two Varieties of Pear Peel Extracts using DPPH and CUPRAC Methods
Authors: Patricia V M , Syaputri F N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pear peels more often than not are considered nonbeneficial, therefore they generally end up discarded aside from being consumed along with the fruit. In this research, the antioxidant capacity of the peel of two most popular pears consumed in Indonesia, namely European Pear (EP) and Asian Pear (AP) is being identified and measured. For the results of DPPH antioxidant activity method, Asian pear peel extract dissolved in ethanol (IC50 50.72) has the highest antioxidant contents than European pear peel extracted in methanol 80% (67.95). For the results of CUPRAC antioxidant activity method, European pear extract dissolved in methanol 80% showed higher antioxidant activity with the value of 2.51 and even the highest activity in an incubated condition with the value of 1.54. From the measurements, it can be understood that the peel extract of Asian pears has a higher antioxidant capacity when dissolved at a normal temperature. However, in an incubated temperature extraction environment, peel extract of European pears shows the highest antioxidant capacity, with the existence of slow-reacting antioxidants in the peel of European Pears, could be the potential cause. From this research, it can be concluded that pear peels are a source of beneficial antioxidants, and the method of extraction of antioxidants from pear peel would determine the extractable useful antioxidants: In the case of European Pear peel, an incubation temperature measurement is more desired.
Potency of Deep Euteutic Solvent as an Alternative Solvent on Pretreatment Process of Lignocellulosic Biomass: Review
Authors: Sumiati Triyani , Suryadi Herman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
During the last decade Deep Euteutic Solvent (DES) is an alternative solvent and has proven to be effective in removing lignin and hemicellulose bonds, as well as reducing the crystallinity of cellulose in the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass delignification. Until now, it has been reported that DES is a solvent that is widely used in various studies. DES is a solvent consisting of two or three ionic compositions which can be associated through hydrogen bonds, to form a euteutic mixture with a melting point lower than each individual component. In literature and research, these solvents are often referred to as environmentally friendly solvents. It is known that DES has physicochemical properties similar with ionic liquids but is more environmentally friendly and cheaper. Over the years, a number of studies have reported that the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass delignification is carried out chemically and physically, such as the use of dilute acids, alkalis, and steam explosions. It was reported that this method is a process that uses a lot of energy, because it requires high temperature and pressure to remove lignin. However, the proposed method is currently based on the use of DES solvents which require less energy from chemical and physical processes. DES dissolves lignin and increases the availability of cellulose at low temperatures and pressures during the pre-treatment process. In this review it aims to explain the recent progress made regarding the contribution of DES and its potential on lignocellulosic biomass pre-treatment process. It also discussed the advantages of DES solvents that are environmentally friendly, cheap, non-toxic and low energy use.