bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective role of melatonin against adipose-hepatic metabolic comorbidities in experimentally induced obese rat model
Authors: Obayemi Mary J. , Akintayo Christopher O. , Oniyide Adesola A. , Aturamu Ayodeji , Badejogbin Olabimpe C. , Atuma Chukwubueze L. , Saidi Azeezat O. , Mahmud Hadiza , Olaniyi Kehinde S. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Adipose and hepatic metabolic dysfunctions are critical comorbidities that also aggravate insulin resistance in obese individuals. Melatonin is a low-cost agent and previous studies suggest that its use may promote metabolic health. However, its effects on some comorbidities associated with obesity are unknown. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that melatonin supplementation would attenuate adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male Wistar rats.

Materials and methods
Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) were used: Control group received vehicle (normal saline), obese group received 40% high fat diet, melatonin-treated group received 4 mg/kg of melatonin, and obese plus melatonin group received 40% HFD and melatonin. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks.

Results
HFD caused increased food intake, body weight, insulin level, insulin resistance and plasma and liver lipid but decreased adipose lipid. In addition, HFD also increased plasma, adipose and liver malondialdehyde, IL-6, uric acid and decreased Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, nitric oxide and circulating obestatin concentration. However, these deleterious effects except food intake were attenuated when supplemented with melatonin.

Conclusion
Taken together, the present results indicate that HFD exposure causes adipose-hepatic metabolic disturbance in obese animals, which are accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, the present results suggest that melatonin supplementation attenuates adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction, accompanying obesity by suppression of oxidative stress/inflammation-dependent mechanism and increasing circulating obestatin.
Aggression During Playful and Athletic Activity in the Greek Primary School
Authors: Zaragas Harilaos , Vasilios Koutras , Maria Sakellariou , Lambros Kalliaras 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this pan- Hellenic research was to study the aggressive behavior of students during sports activities and play in the school yard. Specifically, through the answers of 562 (100%) teachers (396 teachers 70% and 166 physical education 30%) the following were investigated: a) the existence and forms, the individual characteristics of children who receive or show aggression, the training of teachers and coping practices that help minimize forms of aggression, and b) differences in teachers' responses to gender, years of service, and specialization. A relevant questionnaire with a five-point scale was prepared and distributed electronically to all primary schools in Greece. Before descriptive and inductive statistics, the a-Cronbach test had showed a value of 0.898 and the control of bifurcation (Guttman) had showed a value of 0,789 which indicates that the questionnaire has good reliability. They were carried out the t-test control for independent samples, ANOVA and x2 control for the differences in the teachers’ answers regarding teachers’ gender, specialty, and years of service. The results showed that all teachers agree that there are forms of aggression during play and sports activity in the elementary school yard and these are distinguished into physical (pushing, kicking, pulling), verbal (swearing, mocking performance), emotional (social exclusion) and some are repetitive and deliberate. We have a significant difference between the teachers in terms of the methods they suggest and the actions they take to deal with the phenomenon. The teachers have done relevant training but this is not enough. They need even more to deal with the phenomenon on their part more effectively.
Synthesis of tert-amylbenzene for side-chain alkylation of cumene catalyzed by a solid superbase
Authors: Zhou Xin , Gao Ge , He Guangxiang , Guo Xiaoyan , Jin Haibo , Ma Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The side-chain alkylation of cumene and ethylene over a solid superbase catalyst K/KOH/γ-Al2O3 is investigated. The effects of the reaction temperature, pressure, and time on the conversion of cumene and selectivity of tert-amylbenzene (TAB) are discussed. The experimental results show that the conversion of cumene to tert-pentylbenzene increases with the increase in reaction temperature and ethylene pressure. The catalytic reaction has certain operational flexibility in terms of the reaction temperature, pressure, and time. In addition, the catalytic reaction can achieve directional conversion. The optimum operating conditions are obtained using a single factor test. The conversion of cumene is 99.8% and the selectivity toward TAB is 97.9% under catalyst concentration of 4 wt%, reaction temperature of 55°C, reaction pressure of 0.45 MPa, and reaction time of 30 min. The deactivation of catalyst is mainly caused by oxygen and water in the raw material.
Anticandidal potentiality of biosynthesized and decorated nanometals with fucoidan
Authors: Alghuthaymi Mousa A. , El-Sersy Zainab R. , Tayel Ahmed A. , Alsieni Mohammed A. , Abd El Maksoud Ahmed I. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCandidagenus includes many hazardous and risky species that can develop resistance toward various antifungal types. Metals nanoparticles (NPs) possess powerful antimicrobial actions, but their potential human toxicity could limit their practices. The algal polysaccharide fucoidan (Fu) was extracted from the macro-brown algae,Cystoseira barbata, analyzed, and used for biosynthesizing nanoparticles of silver (Ag-NPs) and selenium (Se-NPs). The extracted Fu had elevated fucose levels (58.73% of total monosaccharides) and exhibited the main biochemical characteristic of customary Fu. The Fu biosynthesis of Ag-NPs and Se-NPs was achieved via facile direct protocol; Fu-synthesized NPs had 12.86 and 16.18 nm average diameters, respectively. The ultrastructure of Fu-synthesized NPs emphasized well-distributed and spherical particles that were embedded/capped in Fu as combined clusters. The Fu/Ag-NPs and Fu/Se-NPs anticandidal assessments, againstCandida albicans,Candida glabrata, andCandida parapsilosis, revealed that both NPs had powerful fungicidal actions against the examined pathogens. The ultrastructure imaging of subjectedC. albicansandC. parapsilosisto NPs revealed that Fu/Ag-NPs and Fu/Se-NPs triggered remarkable distortions, pore formation, and destructive lysis in cell surfaces within 10 h of exposure. The innovative usage ofC. barbataFu for Ag-NP and Se-NP synthesis and the application of their composites as powerful anticandidal agents, with minimized human toxicity, are concluded.
Preparation and characterization of sodium alginate/acrylic acid composite hydrogels conjugated to silver nanoparticles as an antibiotic delivery system
Authors: Mohamadinia Parvaneh , Anarjan Navideh , Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hoda 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Hydrogels are promising drug delivery systems attributable to their unique characteristics such as high hydrophilicity, controllability, biocompatibility, and facile production routines. The aim of this research was the preparation of sodium alginate/acrylic acid (AAc) composite hydrogels conjugated to silver nanoparticles to deliver the cephalexin as a model antibiotic compound. The reduction of silver ions into silver nanoparticles as well as the stabilization of created nanoparticles ensued simultaneously with hydrogel backbone formulation during microwave irradiation and monomer cross-linking processes. The impact of AAc and silver ion concentrations and the radiation time of microwave were then investigated on the main characteristics of hydrogels. The results indicated that the hydrogels’ characteristics could be significantly predicted by studying all independent parameters through various second-order polynomial models. The multiple optimization analysis suggested that the prepared hydrogels using 7.8 g AAc and 1.5 g silver nitrate and 1 min microwave radiation could give the best hydrogels with the highest swelling degree, gel fraction, cephalexin absorption, and antibacterial activity. The morphology and either absorption or release kinetics of cephalexin by the optimum prepared hydrogels were also investigated. No significant differences between the experimental and predicted data confirmed the suitability of the suggested models.
Conditional as-if analyses in randomized experiments
Authors: Pashley Nicole E. , Basse Guillaume W. , Miratrix Luke W. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The injunction to “analyze the way you randomize” is well known to statisticians since Fisher advocated for randomization as the basis of inference. Yet even those convinced by the merits of randomization-based inference seldom follow this injunction to the letter. Bernoulli randomized experiments are often analyzed as completely randomized experiments, and completely randomized experiments are analyzed as if they had been stratified; more generally, it is not uncommon to analyze an experiment as if it had been randomized differently. This article examines the theoretical foundation behind this practice within a randomization-based framework. Specifically, we ask when is it legitimate to analyze an experiment randomized according to one design as if it had been randomized according to some other design. We show that a sufficient condition for this type of analysis to be valid is that the design used for analysis should be derived from the original design by an appropriate form of conditioning. We use our theory to justify certain existing methods, question others, and finally suggest new methodological insights such as conditioning on approximate covariate balance.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of MWCNT dispersion effect on the elastic modulus of flexible PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites
Authors: Ghahramani Pardis , Behdinan Kamran , Moradi-Dastjerdi Rasool , Naguib Hani E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, Young’s modulus of a flexible piezoresistive nanocomposite made of a certain amount of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) contents dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been investigated using theoretical and experimental approaches. The PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites with the governing factor of MWCNT weight fraction (e.g., 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt%) were synthesized by the solution casting fabrication method. The nanocomposite samples were subjected to a standard compression test to measure their elastic modulus using Instron Universal testing machine under force control displacement mode. Due to the costs and limitations of experimental tests, theoretical predictions on the elasticity modulus of such flexible nanocomposites have also been performed using Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka (EMT) and Halpin–Tsai (HT) approaches. The theoretical results showed that HT’s approach at lower MWCNT contents and EMT’s approach at higher MWCNT contents have a better agreement to experimental results in predicting the elastic modulus of PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites. The experimental results indicated that the inclusion of MWCNT in the PDMS matrix resulted in a noticeable improvement in Young’s modulus of PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposite at small values of MWCNT contents (up to w
f = 0.25%); however, exceeding this nanofiller content did not elevate Young’s modulus due to the emergence of MWCNT agglomerations in the nanocomposite structure.
Correlation between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and risk of osteoporosis
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhang Weiran , Huang Jingmin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the correlation between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and risk of osteoporosis.

Methods
We searched the clinical studies related to MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and risk of osteoporosis in the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) and included the suitable publications in the present meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of included studies were extracted and pooled by a random or fixed-effect model. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were applied to demonstrate the correlation between MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and the risk of osteoporosis. Publication bias was assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test.

Results
Seven case–control clinical studies were included and a data combination was made. The data was pooled by the fixed effect model because of no obvious statistical heterogeneity. The pooled results indicated that people with the T allele had increased risk of developing osteoporosis under the homologous gene model (TT vs CC) (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.81–3.08, p < 0.05), dominant gene model (TT + CT) vs CC (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21–1.77, p < 0.05) and recessive gene model TT vs (CC + CT) (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.71–2.74, p < 0.05). Egger’s line regression test indicated no significant publication bias for the present meta-analysis in the above homologous, dominant, and recessive gene models.

Conclusion
The MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms are associated with osteoporosis and subjects with the T allele have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis.
Stability analysis of functionals in variational data assimilation with respect to uncertainties of input data for a sea thermodynamics model
Authors: Shutyaev Victor , Parmuzin Eugene , Gejadze Igor 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe problem of stability and sensitivity of functionals of the optimal solution of the variational data assimilation of sea surface temperature for the model of sea thermodynamics is considered. The variational data assimilation problem is formulated as an optimal control problem to find the initial state and the boundary heat flux. The sensitivity of the response functions as functionals of the optimal solution with respect to the observation data is studied. Computing the gradient of the response function reduces to the solution of a non-standard problem being a coupled system of direct and adjoint equations with mutually dependent initial and boundary values. The algorithm to compute the gradient of the response function is presented, based on the Hessian of the original cost functional. Stability analysis of the response function with respect to uncertainties of input data is given. Numerical examples are presented for the Black and Azov seas thermodynamics model.
Investigation of the influence of recyclate content on Poisson number of composites
Authors: Żuk Daria , Abramczyk Norbert , Drewing Sebastian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Composite materials are used in many industries. Their mechanical and physical properties as well as their low weight make them suitable for use in many constructions. Their wide application generates a problem with their disposal. Therefore, it is necessary to design new materials based on waste from polyester–glass laminates in order to introduce a closed circuit in the composite production process. The article presents research aimed at determining solid material composites with polyester–glass recyclate, in order to use these materials for modeling the structure. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of recyclate to the polyester–glass composite on the deformation and the value of the Poisson number of the material. During the study, samples from composites with the addition of polyester–glass recyclate were used. Samples made in accordance with the standard for plastics PN-EN ISO 527-4_2000P were subjected to static tensile test on a universal testing machine, with variable load parameters. During the test, the longitudinal and transverse elongations of the samples were measured using a strain gauge measuring system. On the basis of the measurements, the values of Poisson numbers were determined, which allowed for a preliminary assessment of the impact of the recyclate content in the composite on its deformability.
On some reciprocal matrices with elliptical components of their Kippenhahn curves
Authors: Jiang Muyan , Spitkovsky Ilya M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
By definition, reciprocal matrices are tridiagonal n-by-n matrices A with constant main diagonal and such that ai

,

i

+1
ai

+1,

i
= 1 for i = 1, . . ., n − 1. We establish some properties of the numerical range generating curves C(A) (also called Kippenhahn curves) of such matrices, in particular concerning the location of their elliptical components. For n ≤ 6, in particular, we describe completely the cases when C(A) consist entirely of ellipses. As a corollary, we also provide a complete description of higher rank numerical ranges when these criteria are met.
Graphs with the second signless Laplacian eigenvalue ≤ 4
Authors: Drury Stephen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe discuss the question of classifying the connected simple graphsHfor which the second largest eigenvalue of the signless LaplacianQ(H) is ≤ 4. We discover that the question is inextricable linked to a knapsack problem with infinitely many allowed weights. We take the first few steps towards the general solution. We prove that this class of graphs is minor closed.
Galvanic vestibular stimulation with low intensity improves dynamic balance
Authors: Chen Hongmei , Hu Zhen , Chai Yujuan , Tao Enxiang , Chen Kai , Asakawa Tetsuya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Dynamic balance is associated with fall risk. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation with very low intensity direct current (dcGVS) on dynamic balance.

Methodology
We used a rocker force platform for assessing the dynamic balance performance. Center-of-pressure (COP) coordinates were acquired and decomposed to rambling (RA) and trembling (TR). We measured sway parameters, including length, average speed, and average range, affected by dcGVS at 0.01 mA with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC).

Results
We assessed 33 young healthy subjects and found that all sway parameters were shorter in the EO condition, indicating a better dynamic balance performance. dcGVS significantly improved the dynamic balance performance both in EO and EC conditions. All the sway parameters in COP in EO were significantly shorter than those in EC, indicating a better dynamic balance performance in EO. In EO, RA had greater improvement rates than TR. In EC, only average speed had a greater improvement rate in RA, whereas length and average range had greater improvement rates in TR. These results indicate a different modulation model between EO and EC.

Conclusion
These findings indicate that very low intensity dcGVS improved the sway parameters of dynamic balance in young healthy subjects. Moreover, our results suggest different dynamic balance control models between having EO and EC. The mechanisms of these phenomena caused by very low intensity dcGVS require further investigation.
Bilder in Vorlesungen, Hörsäle als Bilder: diagrammatische Überlegungen
Authors: Bubenhofer Noah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Visual material plays a central role in lectures to illustrate the spoken word or to show objects of knowledge. Historically, the question arises as to when which methods were used and what their functions were and still are today. In a further diagrammatic perspective on the setting of the lecture, however, other aspects of pictoriality must be included: For example, there is a tradition of storing, commenting on, processing and editing lectures by the audience, which leads, for example, to transcripts that transform the lecture medially. Yet these techniques are embedded in an ensemble of diagrammatic practices of lecture organisation, which can be understood as „instructions for use“ for both lecturers and listeners. From a diagrammatic perspective, it becomes clear that the diagrammatic orders applied in and by lectures are not simply ornaments of the lecture, but have a knowledge-constitutive effect.
Видатна особистість титанової науки
Authors: Марковський Павло Євгенович , Саввакін Дмитро Георгійович 
Published: December 2021

8 листопада виповнюється 75 років видатному вченому в галузі фізики металів і фізичного матеріалознавства, лауреату двох Державних премій України в галузі науки і техніки (1993, 2005), заслуженому діячеві науки і техніки України (1998), лауреату премії ім. К.Д. Синельникова НАН України (1987), премії президентів академій наук України, Білорусі та Молдови (2002), директору Інституту металофізики ім. Г.В. Курдюмова НАН України (2011—2019), доктору технічних наук (1987), професору (1992), академіку НАН України (2003) Оресту Михайловичу Івасишину.
Increasing Timely Family Meetings in Neonatal Intensive Care: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Sabnis Animesh , Hagen Eunice , Tarn Derjung M. , Zeltzer Lonnie 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Timely multidisciplinary family meetings (TMFMs) promote shared decision-making. Despite guidelines that recommend meetings for all patients with serious illness, our NICU TMFM rate was 10%. In this study, we aimed to document a meeting within 5 days of hospitalization for 50% of all new NICU patients hospitalized for ≥5 days within 1 year of introducing interventions.

METHODS:
A multidisciplinary improvement team used the Model for Improvement to achieve the study aim by targeting key drivers of change. To make meetings easier, we introduced scheduling and documentation tools. To make meetings more customary, we provided education and reminders to professionals. We defined a TMFM as a documented discussion between a parent, a neonatologist, and a nonphysician professional, such as a nurse, within 5 days of hospitalization. We used statistical process control charts to assess the monthly proportion of new patients with a TMFM. In surveys and feedback sessions, family and clinician satisfaction with communication was assessed.

RESULTS:
TMFM documentation tripled during the intervention year when compared with the previous year (28 of 267 [10.5%] vs 70 of 224 [31.3%]; P &lt; .001), revealing evidence of special cause variation on the statistical process control chart. Clinicians predominantly used ad hoc documentation instead of our scheduling and documentation tools. Parental satisfaction with care and communication did not vary significantly after interventions. Most physicians reported satisfaction with meetings. Nurses reported feeling empowered to request meetings.

CONCLUSIONS:
An academic, quaternary-care NICU tripled TMFM documentation after introducing a multifaceted intervention. This improvement may represent changes in professionals’ attitudes about providing and documenting family meetings.