bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of CDKL3 as a critical regulator in development of glioma through regulating RRM2 and the JNK signaling pathway
Authors: Cui Yong , Yang Zhigang , Wang Hongxiang , Yan Yong , Huang Qilin , Gong Zhenyu , Hong Fan , Zhang Xu , Li Weiqing , Chen Juxiang , Xu Tao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlioma is one of the most commonly diagnosed intracranial malignancies. The molecular mechanism underlying the development of glioma is still largely unknown. In this study, we present the first report concerning the function and mechanism of cyclin‐dependent kinase‐like 3 (CDKL3) in the development and prognosis of glioma. It is shown that CDKL3 was upregulated in glioma tissues and could independently predict poor prognosis of patients. Silencing CDKL3 in glioma cells could inhibit cell proliferation and migration and induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, whereas the overexpression of CDKL3 promoted cell proliferation. The in vivo experiments also indicated that knockdown of CDKL3 significantly suppressed tumor growth of glioma. Gene expression profiling of CDKL3 knockdown U87 cells identified RRM2 as a potential target of CDKL3, which was proved to have direct interaction with CDKL3. Given similar effects on glioma development with CDKL3, knockdown of RRM2 could rescue the effects of CDKL3 overexpression on glioma cells. Moreover, knockdown of CDKL3 or RRM2 suppressed the activity of JNK signaling, whereas CDKL3 overexpression produced the opposite effect. In conclusion, our results identified CDKL3 as a promotor for glioma, probably through the regulation of RRM2 and activation of the JNK signalling pathway, highlighting the significance of CDKL3 as a promising therapeutic target of glioma.
Mediterranean fever gene variants modify clinical phenotypes of idiopathic multi-centric Castleman disease
Authors: Endo Yushiro , Koga Tomohiro , Ubara Yoshihumi , Sumiyoshi Remi , Furukawa Kaori , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Four cases of idiopathic multi-centric Castleman disease (iMCD) reportedly have variants in hereditary autoinflammatory disease-related genes; however, the frequency and role of these variants in iMCD is still unknown. We therefore investigated such gene variants among patients with iMCD and aimed to reveal the relationship between iMCD and autoinflammatory disease-related genes. We reviewed 14 Japanese iMCD patients who were recruited between January 2015 and September 2019. All patients met both the Japanese tentative diagnostic criteria for Castleman disease and the international consensus diagnostic criteria for iMCD. We performed genetic analyses for 31 autoinflammatory disease-related genes by targeted next-generation sequencing. The MEFV gene variants were observed in 10 of 14 patients with iMCD. Although iMCD had a high percentage of exons 2 or 3 variants of MEFV, comparison of data from healthy Japanese subjects indicated that there was no significant difference in the percentage between healthy Japanese subjects and patients with iMCD. Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in the TNFRSF1A and CECR1 genes were observed in two of the patients, respectively. We divided patients into two groups—those with MEFV variants (excluding E148Q variants) and those without MEFV variants—and compared the clinical characteristics between these two groups. Patients with MEFV variants, excluding E148Q variants, exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of fever and significantly lower levels of hemoglobin than those lacking MEFV variants. Our results indicated that patients with iMCD tended to have a high frequency of MEFV gene variants and the presence of such variants can affect iMCD clinical phenotypes.
Mechanisms and biomarkers of airway epithelial cell damage in asthma: A review
Authors: Yang Yuemei , Jia Man , Ou Yingwei , Adcock Ian M. , Yao Xin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease with complex pathological mechanisms representing different phenotypes, including severe asthma. The airway epithelium is a major site of complex pathological changes in severe asthma due, in part, to activation of inflammatory and immune mechanisms in response to noxious agents. Current imaging procedures are unable to accurately measure epithelial and airway remodeling. Damage of airway epithelial cells occurs is linked to specific phenotypes and endotypes which provides an opportunity for the identification of biomarkers reflecting epithelial, and airway, remodeling. Identification of patients with more severe epithelial disruption using biomarkers may also provide personalised therapeutic opportunities and/or markers of successful therapeutic intervention. Here, we review the evidence for ongoing epithelial cell dysregulation in the pathogenesis of asthma, the sentinel role of the airway epithelium and how understanding these molecular mechanisms provides the basis for the identification of candidate biomarkers for asthma prediction, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring.
Hyponatremia is an independent predictor of emergency department revisits in acute exacerbation of COPD
Authors: Tokgöz Akyıl Fatma , Tural Önür Seda , Abalı Hülya , Sökücü Sinem , Özdemir Cengiz , Boyracı Neslihan , Kocaoğlu Aslı , Altın Sedat 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionHyponatremia is shown to prolong hospitalization and increase mortality. The role of hyponatremia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is widely studied with a focus on hospitalized patients.ObjectivesTo investigate whether hyponatremia increases the probability of re‐exacerbations in non‐hospitalized patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).MethodsPatients with AECOPD who required an emergency department (ED) visit and who were discharged home were included in this single‐center, retrospective study. Demographics and laboratory values were compared between patients with hyponatremia (<135 mmol/L) and normonatremia (135‐145 mmol/L). The predictors of the patients’ ED revisit in the course of one year were analyzed.ResultsOf all the 3274 patients, baseline sodium values were classified as hyponatremia in 720 (22%). Hyponatremia was most frequently present as mild (85%). Patients with hyponatremia had higher Charlson comorbidity scores, higher leucocytes, lower hemoglobin, lower platelet, higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios, lower eosinophilia, higher aspartate aminotransferase and C‐reactive protein values (P < 0.001, for all), and higher frequency of 1‐month revisit (36.7% vs. 31.5%, P = 0.009). Independent predictors of revisits within 1 year after the index visit were detected as long‐term oxygen treatment requirement (HR: 0.768 CI: 0.695‐0.848, P < 0.0001), higher urea levels (HR: 0.997 CI: 0.995‐0.999, P = 0.003), and baseline hyponatremia (HR: 0.786 CI: 0.707‐0.873, P < 0.001). Revisit interval was median 78 ± 3.4 days in patients with normonatremia and 51 ± 4.8 days in hyponatremia.ConclusionIn non‐hospitalized AECOPD, hyponatremia is relatively frequent and correlates with inflammatory markers. The presence of hyponatremia is an independent predictor of an earlier ED return visit within 1 year. For patients with AECOPD, sodium values may present guidance on discharge versus longer observation decisions.
Variation in virulence and its relation to hyphal growth and enzyme activity of Raffaeleaquercivora, a Japanese oak wilt pathogen
Authors: Torii Masato , Kusumoto Dai , Yamada Toshihiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe pathogenic fungus Raffaelea quercivora kills members of the Fagaceae throughout Japan. Although the amount of host damage caused by different strains of the pathogen varies, the degree of this variation and the underlying factors have not been thoroughly examined. We used 40 R. quercivora isolates collected across Japan from different oak and other Fagaceae species and evaluated their virulence in the stem of Konara oak (Quercus serrata), compared their hyphal growth in living and gamma‐irradiated Japanese oak (Quercus crispula) twigs and evaluated their activity of carbohydrate‐degrading enzymes. Of the 40 isolates examined, half were considered avirulent as the width of sapwood discoloration induced by inoculation did not differ significantly from the control. The extension of hyphal growth in living twigs correlated positively with the width of discoloured sapwood induced by inoculation in living twigs and with the extension of hyphal growth in gamma‐irradiated twigs. Activity of starch‐ and pectin‐degrading enzymes was positively correlated with the width of discoloured sapwood induced by inoculation. These results suggest that virulence variation among R. quercivora strains is at least partially related to their ability to grow in sapwood and feed on easily accessible carbohydrates.
Evidence for PKD2L1‐positive neurons distant from the central canal in the ventromedial spinal cord and medulla of the adult mouse
Authors: Jurčić Nina , Michelle Caroline , Trouslard Jérôme , Wanaverbecq Nicolas , Kastner Anne 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNeurons in contact with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are found around the medullo‐spinal central canal (CC) in adult mice. These neurons (CSF‐cNs), located within or below the ependymal cell layer, known as the stem cell niche, present a characteristic morphology with a dendrite projecting to the CC and ending with a protrusion. They are GABAergic, present an intermediate neuronal maturity and selectively express PKD2L1, a member of the transient receptor potential channel superfamily with sensory properties. Using immunohistological and electrophysiological recording techniques in mice, we characterize the properties of a new population of PKD2L1 positive cells that is distant from the CC in a zone enriched with astrocytes and ependymal fibers of the ventro‐medial spinal cord and medulla. They appear around embryonic day 16 and their number increases up to early postnatal days. With development and the reorganization of the CC region, they progressively become more distant from the CC, suggesting some migratory capabilities. These neurons share functional and phenotypical properties with CSF‐cNs but appear subdivided in two groups. One group, present along the midline, has a bipolar morphology and extends a long dendrite along ependymal fibers and towards the CC. The second group, localized in more ventro‐lateral regions, has a multipolar morphology and no apparent projection to the CC. Altogether, we describe a novel population of PKD2L1+ neurons distant from the CC but with properties similar to CSF‐cNs that might serve to sense modification in the composition of either CSF or interstitial liquid, a function that will need to be confirmed.
Clinical presentation of new onset refractory status epilepticus in children (the pSERG cohort)
Authors: Sculier Claudine , Barcia Aguilar Cristina , Gaspard Nicolas , Gaínza‐Lein Marina , Sánchez Fernández Iván , Amengual‐Gual Marta , Anderson Anne , Arya Ravindra , Burrows Brian T. , Brenton James N. , Carpenter Jessica L. , Chapman Kevin E. , Clark Justice , Gaillard William D. , Glauser Tracy A. , Goldstein Joshua L. , Goodkin Howard P. , Gorman Mark , Lai Yi‐Chen , McDonough Tiffani L. , Mikati Mohamad A. , Nayak Anuranjita , Peariso Katrina , Riviello James , Rusie Allison , Sperberg Katherine , Stredny Coral M. , Tasker Robert C. , Tchapyjnikov Dmitry , Vasquez Alejandra , Wainwright Mark S. , Wilfong Angus A. , Williams Korwyn , Loddenkemper Tobias ,   pSERG
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to characterize the clinical profile and outcomes of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) in children, and investigated the relationship between fever onset and status epilepticus (SE).MethodsPatients with refractory SE (RSE) between June 1, 2011 and October 1, 2016 were prospectively enrolled in the pSERG (Pediatric Status Epilepticus Research Group) cohort. Cases meeting the definition of NORSE were classified as "NORSE of known etiology" or "NORSE of unknown etiology." Subgroup analysis of NORSE of unknown etiology was completed based on the presence and time of fever occurrence relative to RSE onset: fever at onset (≤24 h), previous fever (2 weeks–24 h), and without fever.ResultsOf 279 patients with RSE, 46 patients met the criteria for NORSE. The median age was 2.4 years, and 25 (54%) were female. Forty (87%) patients had NORSE of unknown etiology. Nineteen (48%) presented with fever at SE onset, 16 (40%) had a previous fever, and five (12%) had no fever. The patients with preceding fever had more prolonged SE and worse outcomes, and 25% recovered baseline neurological function. The patients with fever at onset were younger and had shorter SE episodes, and 89% recovered baseline function.SignificanceAmong pediatric patients with RSE, 16% met diagnostic criteria for NORSE, including the subcategory of febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES). Pediatric NORSE cases may also overlap with refractory febrile SE (FSE). FIRES occurs more frequently in older children, the course is usually prolonged, and outcomes are worse, as compared to refractory FSE. Fever occurring more than 24 h before the onset of seizures differentiates a subgroup of NORSE patients with distinctive clinical characteristics and worse outcomes.
The fibroblast: An emerging key player in thymic T cell selection
Authors: Nitta Takeshi , Ota Ayami , Iguchi Takahiro , Muro Ryunosuke , Takayanagi Hiroshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFibroblasts have recently attracted attention as a key stromal component that controls the immune responses in lymphoid tissues. The thymus has a unique microenvironment comprised of a variety of stromal cells, including fibroblasts and thymic epithelial cells (TECs), the latter of which is known to be important for T cell development because of their ability to express self‐antigens. Thymic fibroblasts contribute to thymus organogenesis during embryogenesis and form the capsule and medullary reticular network in the adult thymus. However, the immunological significance of thymic fibroblasts has thus far only been poorly elucidated. In this review, we will summarize the current views on the development and functions of thymic fibroblasts as revealed by new technologies such as multicolor flow cytometry and single cell–based transcriptome profiling. Furthermore, the recently discovered role of medullary fibroblasts in the establishment of T cell tolerance by producing a unique set of self‐antigens will be highlighted.
High‐throughput phenotyping of soybean genotypes under base saturation stress conditions
Authors: Andrade Sinomar Moreira , Teodoro Larissa Pereira Ribeiro , Baio Fábio Henrique Rojo , Campos Cid Naudi Silva , Roque Cassiano Garcia , Silva Júnior Carlos Antonio da , Coradi Paulo Carteri , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe search for high‐yielding genotypes and that are tolerant to abiotic stresses has been a major goal in plant breeding. Thus, the use of technologies such as precision agriculture associated with remote sensing tools for plant phenotyping has increased. The hypothesis of this research was that soya bean genotypes respond differently to low and adequate base saturation levels in the soil and that vegetation indexes can be efficient auxiliary tools in plant phenotyping for this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and agronomic performance of soya bean genotypes grown in low and recommended base saturation conditions using high‐throughput phenotyping. The research was carried out in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 crop seasons, in which two field experiments in each season were installed. In experiment I, genotypes (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9 and P10) were evaluated without soil correction (low saturation condition). In experiment II, liming was performed three months before sowing of the genotypes to raise the base saturation to 60% (recommended saturation). Canopy spectral behaviour at the following wavelengths was evaluated: green (550 nm), red (660 nm), red edge (735 nm) and near‐infrared (790 nm), and the vegetation indices (Vis) NDVI, SAVI, EVI and MSAVI were calculated. The variables evaluated were leaf calcium and magnesium contents and grain yield. The use of VI’s was efficient in assessing the performance of genotypes soya bean at different base saturation levels. The EVI showed moderate correlation with the nutritional and agronomic variables measured in each base saturation level. The approach used enabled both to identify genotypes tolerant to low base saturation soils and the ones with better response to liming.
Ophthalmic adverse events following facial injections of botulinum toxin A: A systemic literature review
Authors: Skorochod Ron , Nesher Ronit , Nesher Gideon , Gronovich Yoav 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundOver the years, botulinum toxin has found its place as a neuromuscular blocking agent in numerous medical fields. Since the approval of botulinum toxin by the FDA for cosmetic indications in 2002, it had become the most commonly performed esthetic procedure worldwide, with ever‐growing demand. The characteristics of the toxin, along with the facial areas it is injected to, could possibly account for a wide array of complication.MethodsThe authors conducted a literature search for reported cases of ophthalmic adverse events following Botulinum toxin facial injections in the electronic databases of PubMed and Cochrane Library databases.ResultsThe authors found 25 publications, reporting 49 cases of ophthalmic adverse events following botulinum toxin injections. Injections for cosmetic indications accounted for 51% of all injections, treatment of blepharospasms for 22% of cases, protective ptosis for 11% of cases, and treatment of hemifacial spams for 8% of cases. The average quantity of botulinum toxin injected to a single patient ranged between 1.25 and 75 units, with a median of 13.75 units.Majority of injections for cosmetic indications were performed to the lateral canthal area (56%), followed by the glabella (28%) and the forehead (20%).Adverse events following injections included diplopia (64%), ptosis (14%), and decrease in visual acuity or vision loss (8%).ConclusionsBotulinum toxin is gaining extreme popularity in the management of a wide area of diseases and for cosmetic indications. Proper knowledge of potential adverse events is crucial for the clinician in attempt to decrease complications.
Oral manifestations of Hydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder: a clinicopathological study of a Peruvian population
Authors: López de Cáceres Cinthia Veronica Bardález , Rodrigues‐Fernandes Carla Isabelly , Rendón Henao Javier , Morais Thayná Melo de Lima , Soares Ciro Dantas , de Almeida Oslei Paes , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Delgado‐Azañero Wilson 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder (HVLPD) is a chronic Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐positive lymphoproliferative disease which may either present as an indolent condition or progress to a systemic T‐cell lymphoma.MethodsAll HVLPD diagnosed over a 10‐year period were retrieved, and clinical data regarding sex, age, oral and systemic manifestations, and clinical follow‐up were obtained. Immunohistochemistry was done in order to characterize the lymphoid cells, and in situ hybridization was used to demonstrate the presence of EBV.ResultsEleven cases were included, with a male predominance and a mean age of 25.1 years. Buccal mucosa and the lips were the most affected oral sites, appearing as painful ulcers. All patients exhibited facial oedema, usually affecting the lips, nose and periorbital region. The clinical course was gradual but progressive, with four patients having fever and 3 showing lymphadenopathies. All cases showed a moderate to severe lymphocytic infiltrate with angiotropism, angiocentricity and epidermotropism. Two cases affecting the lip skin exhibited a periappendageal lymphocytic infiltrate. Few large pleomorphic cells were found, surrounded by smaller and medium‐sized lymphoid cells, as well as reactive plasma cells, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils. All lesions exhibited a cytotoxic T‐cell (CD8+) phenotype with a variable proliferative index. All cases were associated with EBV, and all patients died due to complications of the disease.ConclusionsHVLPD is a rare disease that may show oral involvement with a cytotoxic T‐cell phenotype, and is strongly associated with EBV. As shown in this series, HVLPD may show aggressive clinical behaviour.
School‐Based Health Literacy Programs for Children (2‐16 Years): An International Review
Authors: Nash Rosie , Patterson Kira , Flittner Anna , Elmer Shandell , Osborne Richard 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDHealth literacy impacts children's health and educational attainment. Therefore, determining the most appropriate pedagogical design is critical. The long‐term health benefits of health literacy for each child's life course further justify this imperative. School‐based health literacy programs are of interest internationally.METHODSWe brainstormed the search terms and established inclusion/exclusion criteria for this systematic review. We searched 2 databases (CINAHL, ERIC) following PRISMA guidelines. Three authors screened and sorted the findings.RESULTSWe identified 21 relevant studies from 629 retrieved. Few (6/21) studies were situated in the primary school setting.CONCLUSIONSThis review found a variety of project designs, evaluation methods, and conceptual models. Descriptive analysis of the final 21 papers highlighted the importance of multicomponent design (whole‐of‐school and curriculum), cross‐curricula integration, professional development for teachers, age of children, role of parents, and role of community. The results of this analysis may inform primary school program design in the future. Schools provide a logical setting for health literacy development. Despite the evidence that adolescence is too late, few studies have been situated in primary schools. Teachers lack confidence to teach health and need ongoing professional development. Parent, child, and community voices are essential for sustained engagement and program success.
Effect of sodium butyrate on slaughter performance, serum indexes and intestinal barrier of rabbits
Authors: Li Chenyang , Chen Jiali , Zhao Man , Liu Mengqi , Yue Zhengkai , Liu Lei , Li Fuchang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium butyrate on slaughter performance, serum indexes and the intestinal barrier in rabbits. Six hundred healthy weaned rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (5 replicates per group, 40 rabbits per replicate): control (fed a basal diet), sodium butyrate (fed a basal diet containing 0.5% sodium butyrate) and antibiotic (fed a basal diet containing 0.004% antibiotic). The trial lasted 35 days, including 7 days of pretesting and 28 days of formal testing. The results showed that dietary sodium butyrate supplementation increased the full‐bore weight, the half‐bore weight and the half‐bore rate of rabbits. Meanwhile, the content of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum was increased in rabbits fed the sodium butyrate diet. According to the intestinal barrier, after adding sodium butyrate to feed, the tight junction function of the rabbit intestine is enhanced, and the intestinal microbial composition is also improved. To sum up, after sodium butyrate was added to feed instead of antibiotics, slaughter performance was significantly enhanced, serum indexes were improved, and intestinal barrier function was also enhanced. Therefore, sodium butyrate can be added to feed as an additive and can replace antibiotics.