bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial compounds were isolated from the secondary metabolites of endophytic Gordonia in the intestinal tract of Periplaneta americana
Authors: Ma Yan , Xu Minhua , Liu Hancong , Yu Tiantian , Guo Ping , Liu Wenbin , Jin Xiaobao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: As we all know, bacterial and fungal infections have become one of the threats to human health. Microbial secondary metabolites are one of the main sources of bioactive natural products. It is estimated that around 60% of all foregone antibiotics are derived from secondary metabolites produced by filamentous actinomycete bacteria. Gordonia spp. are members of the actinomycete family, their contribution to the environment improvement and environmental protection by their biological degradation ability, but there are few studies on their antimicrobial activity of their secondary metabolites. Our team isolated a Gordonia strain WA 4-31 with anti-Candida albicans activity from the intestinal tract of Periplaneta americana in the early stage.Results: In this study, we firstly identified the strain WA 4-31 by the morphological characteristics and the phylogenetic analyses, and found that it homologous to a strain of Gordonia from the Indian desert (EU333873) by 100%. Then four compounds, Actinomycin D (1), Actinomycin X2 (2), Mojavensin A (3) and cyclic (leucine-leucne) dipeptide (4) were purified from the EtOH extract of the fermented broth of the strain. The compounds 1-4 had activities against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton rubrum. They also had activities against MRSA, S.aureus, K.peneumoniae and E.coli in different degree. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Actinomycin D and Actinomycin X2 on MASA was 0.25 μg/mL. Interestingly, we found that when Mojavensin A was mixed with compound 4 ratio of 1:1, the solution of the compounds was better than the single on anti-Candida albicans. Besides, compounds 1-3 had varying degrees of cytotoxicity on CNE-2 cells and HepG-2 cells.Conclusions: The present study firstly reported the antimicrobial compounds isolated from Gordonia. These indicated that rare actinomycetes from the intestinal tract of Periplaneta americana possessed a potential as a source of active secondary metabolites.
Study of Milling of Low Thickness Thermoplastic Carbon Fiber Composites in Function of Tool Geometry and Cutting Conditions
Authors: Sambruno Alejandro , Bañon Fermin , Salguero Jorge , Simonet Bartolome , Batista Moises 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The application of Carbon Fiber Reinforced ThermoPlastic matrix composites (CFRTP) is constantly increasing in various industrial sectors. Their mechanical properties and advantages compared to thermoset composite materials make them very important materials. Nevertheless, CFRTP machining generates a current problem due to the anisotropy of these materials, the difficulty of impregnation of the reinforcement in the matrix and its low melting temperature. For this reason, the study of conventional operations such as milling to achieve geometries with a good surface quality and reduced cosmetic defects is a line of research of great interest. In this article, a comparison of five cutting tools with different geometries has been made in CFRTP milling. The surface quality and the formation of visual defects such as fiber pull-out have been evaluated for each tool and combination of cutting parameters. In this sense, 16.42 µm in terms of Rz is the minimum average value for the complete experiment obtained for a conventional tool (Tool A). However, surface qualities in terms of Rz close to 20 µm and minimum cosmetic defects have been obtained with a hybrid tool (Tool C) with -10° helix angle and 8 teeth with a combination of cutting parameters of 0.07 mm/tooth and 3000 rpm, being the most complete tool of the experiment.
Increased Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with COVID-19: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Hesam-Shariati Sonia , Fatehi Poya , Abouzaripour Morteza , Fathi Fardin , Hesam-Shariati Negin , shariati mohamad bakhtiar hesam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recently, there is evidence that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases the risk of venous thromboembolism by creating a prothrombotic state. COVID-19 and pulmonary embolism (PE) are both associated with tachypnoea, hypoxemia, dyspnoea, and increased D-dimer. Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in a patient with COVID-19 compared to a patient without it using the conventional clinical and biochemical evidence is challenging and somehow impossible. In this study, we report 4 male cases affected by COVID-19, admitted to hospitals in Sanandaj, Iran. The patients were all older adults (ranged between 56 and 95 years of age). Fever, chills, muscle aches, and cough were evident in all of them. Red blood cell levels were low, while pulmonary embolism was clearly seen on spiral computed tomographic (CT) angiography of the pulmonary circulation of all patients. These cases demonstrated that COVID-19 may lead to pulmonary embolism by causing blood coagulation problems. As COVID-19 continues to cause considerable mortality, more information is emerging which reveals its complicated pathogenicity. In the meantime, venous thromboembolism remains an uncommon finding in patients with COVID-19. It is essential that health care providers perform the necessary diagnostic evaluations and provide appropriate treatment for patients.
Chest wall resection and reconstruction for locally recurrent breast cancer: an experience of five cases over a five-Year period and literature review
Authors: Sun Qiang , Wang Yu-xin , Jin Shi-feng , Wang Chen-chao , Zhou You , Guo Shu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Expanded local resection is suitable for recurrent breast cancer patients who have isolated local lesion and have not metastasized. The extend of chest wall resection must be overall radical resection of the tumors diagnosed by pathology. However, surgery often leads to huge defects, even full-thickness defects, and these defects are difficult to repair. Here, we reported our experience in chest wall resection and reconstruction of patients with locally recurrent breast cancer, and also did a comprehensive literature review.Case Presentation: We report five cases with locally recurrent breast cancer, followed by chest wall reconstruction with a pedicled rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap or a pedicled latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and, if necessary, a piece of titanium mesh. Chest wall resection and reconstruction were successfully achieved in all 5 patients. No complication and recurrence were observed, except one patient died of late lymphatic metastasis. Other patients reported good quality of life.Conclusion: For locally recurrent breast cancer, complete tumor resection is essential and ensures no recurrence. Appropriate material and the blood-rich flap or myocutaneous flap should be used to reconstruct the chest wall defect as an effective treatment for surgical procedure.
SbbHLH85, a bHLH Member, Modulates Resilience to Salt Stress By Regulating Root Hair Growth in Sweet Sorghum
Authors: Song Yushuang , Li Simin , Sui Yi , Zheng Hongxiang , Han Guoliang , Sun Xi , Yang Wenjing , Wang Hailian , Zhuang Kunyang , Kong Fanying , Meng Qingwei , Sui Na 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: bHLH family proteins play an important role in plant stress response. However, the molecular mechanism regulating salt response of bHLH is largely unknown.Materials and Methods: Here, we investigated the function and regulating mechanism of the sweet sorghum SbbHLH85 during salt stress. Results: Results show that SbbHLH85, different from its homologs in other species, is a new atypical bHLH transcription factor and is a key gene for root development in sweet sorghum. Knockout of SbbHLH85 in sorghum by CRISPR-Cas9 results in the inhibition of root development. Overexpression of SbbHLH85 resulted in significantly increased number and length of root hairs by participating in ABA and auxin signaling pathways, which can increase the absorption of Na+. While SbbHLH85 plays a negative regulatory role in salt tolerance of sorghum. Through screening yeast two-hybrid library, we identified a potential interaction partner of SbbHLH85 that is phosphate transporter chaperone PHF1, which modulates the distribution of phosphate. Both yeast two-hybrid and BiFC experiments confirmed interaction between SbbHLH85 and PHF1. Discussion: Based on these results, we suggest that the increase of Na+ content and the decrease of Pi content result in the salt sensitivity of transgenic sorghum.
Amelioration of Oxidative Stress by Trans-anethole via Modulating Phase I and Phase II Enzymes Against Hepatic Damage Induced by Ccl4 in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Pandit Kritika , Kumar Ajay , Kaur Sandeep , Kumar Vinod , Jain Subheet , Bhardwaj Renu , Kaur Satwinderjeet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The current study was designed to assess the in vivo hepatoprotective properties of trans-Anethole and it is a principal aromatic component of star anise possessed several therapeutic properties. Results showed that CCl4 treatment elevated the levels of different serum markers like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) by 4.74 fold, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) by 3.47 fold, aspartate alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 3.55 fold, direct bilirubin by 3.48 fold and total bilirubin by 2.38 fold in contrast with control. It was observed that decreased levels of various liver antioxidant enzymes viz. CAT, GR, and GSH were significantly ameliorated by the pre-administration of rats with different doses (40, 80, and 160 mg kg-1 bw) of trans-Anethole. Furthermore, pre-treatment of trans-Anethole reduced phase I enzymes level, whereas elevated level of phase II detoxifying enzymes. Furthermore, histopathological examination showed that the treatment with trans-Anethole was potent in defending the liver from CCl4 toxic injury and restored normal hepatic architecture. Also, trans-Anethole regulated p53 and Cyclin D1 expressions in liver tissue relative to group II treated with CCl4. Collectively, the findings of the study showed a strong efficiency of trans-Anethole in ameliorating the effects caused by CCl4 through modulation of antioxidants and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes.
Urothelial Carcinoma of the Graft Kidney With Molecular Analyses: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chen Joyce , Haines Kenneth , Lam William , Reddy Asha , Mehrotra Meenakshi , Houldsworth Jane , Si Qiusheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDMalignancy after transplantation is a leading cause of death in kidney transplant recipients. However, donor-derived malignancies are rarely reported. We herein report a high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma of the graft kidney, involving the graft ureter and native urinary bladder, invading one left obturator lymph node, and sparing the two native kidneys and ureters.CASE PRESENTATION62-year-old female with history of kidney transplantation more than 30 years ago, who presented with urinary tract infection, acute renal failure, and hydronephrosis of the transplant kidney. Anterograde nephrostogram showed a large filling defect in the lower pole of the transplant kidney and a filling defect in the proximal 3-4 cm of ureter. Biopsy taken from the renal pelvic mass showed a high grade urothelial carcinoma. She underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, nephrectomy of native kidneys and transplant kidney, cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissections. Histology showed a high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma of the graft kidney, involving the graft ureter, native urinary bladder and one left obturator lymph node and sparing the two native kidneys and ureters. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis confirmed the tumor was of donor origin. The next-generation sequencing identified amplification of TERT and loss of CDKN2A/CDKN2B in the primary tumor.CONCLUSIONWhile it is known that transplant recipients have an increased risk of urothelial carcinoma compared to the general population, the lack of the well-documented risk factors, such as older age at transplantation, BK polyomavirus infection, and prolonged post-transplantation history and dissemination of the tumor in this case shed light on the de novo tumorigenesis of the graft kidney within the host microenvironment. Amplification of Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and loss of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/2B (CDKN2A/CDKN2B) detected in the tumor by next gene sequencing suggests that they may play an important role in this case.
The Evaluation of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Children with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in China: A Five-year Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Ying Jiayun , Cheng Ye , Yan Gangfeng , Lu Guoping , Chen Weiming , Cai Xiaodi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical features, laboratory parameters, and outcomes of children with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and explore the risk factors of the prognosis.Methods: It’s a retrospective study from one hospital the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Children’s Hospital of Fudan University in China. Patients, aged 28 days to 18 years, with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure supported by mechanical ventilation underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from January 2015 to December 2019 were enrolled in this study. The primary outcome was defined as in-hospital mortality within 28 d after admission. Demographics, medical history, comorbidities, laboratory findings, vital signs, medications, need for continuous renal replacement therapy, need for other rescue therapy, need for transportation, ventilator settings, oxygenation indices were recoded. Appropriate data entry and statistical analysis were performed on access 2007 and SPSS software version 23.Results: Fifty patients with severe acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were enrolled in the study. We analyzed 45 patients (90%) after excluding 5 for missing data. Overall mortality was 53.5%. The PaO2 prior to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was higher (64 cmH2O [51.9, 70.0 cmH2O] vs 55.1 cmH2O [43.8,60.1], p = 0.009) and OI prior to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was lower (33.3 [30.1, 40.7] vs 41.2 [33.2 -55.1], p = 0.031) in survivors than nonsurvivors. In multivariate analysis, PaO2 prior to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was significantly associated with survival (odds ratio 1.129, 95% Cl 1.022 -1.247).Conclusions: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation might be an alternative strategy for pediatric patients with severe acute hypoxemic respiratory failure Low PaO2 prior to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation indicated a poor prognosis. Maybe we should consider that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation should be implemented earlier.Trial registration: This study was registered on the Clinical Trail. The number is NCT04709432.
Study on Minimum Rollable Thickness in Asymmetrical Rolling
Authors: Wang Ji , Liu Xianghua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new model for the asymmetrical rolling is proposed to calculate the minimum rollable thickness simply and fast by the slab method. The calculation formulas of the rolling pressure, the rolling force, the critical roll speed ratio and the critical front tension under different deformation zone configurations are proposed, and the deformation zone configuration - rolling parameters relationship diagram is given and analyzed. The results show that the minimum rollable thickness can be reached when the rolling parameters keep the deformation zone configuration as cross-shear zone + backward-slip zone (C+B) or all cross-shear zone (AC). The calculation formulas of the minimum rollable thickness and the required rolling parameters for different deformation zone configurations are proposed respectively. The calculated value is in good agreement with the experimental results.
Using management coaching techniques is feasible and can be beneficial to strengthen health system in Western Kenya
Authors: Oluoch Prisca , doledec david , Mutea Fridah , Lelei Asa , Bruas Sophie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

To strengthen the health system in five counties of Western Kenya, the System Enhancement for Transformative Health (SETH) Project provided training on coaching to its officers and coordinators to build their capacity to support health management teams address the challenges they face in their daily work. Health management teams manage entire counties in kenya with limited management training and experience. Following 3 days of training, the project team provided coaching sessions to health management teams and was supervised by a professional coach over a 2-year period. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using professional coaching techniques to improve the capacity of project officers to support HMTs in Kenya.
Methods

(14) Key Informant Interviews (KII) and (5) Group interviews were conducted with all SETH project officers and coordinators trained on coaching and the HMTs members they supported to collect their perceptions on the feasibility and benefits of the intervention components. Respondents were also asked about the sustainability of the project.
Results

Results show that coaching improved the project officers’ self-reported skills and competencies to provide support to county HMTs. The project offers reported feeling better equipped to help HMTs identify lasting solutions to the challenges faced in their daily work. HMTs also reported having gained knowledge and skills to be used on their daily work thanks to the coaching sessions received.
Conclusions

The study indicates that integrating coaching in health system strengthening is feasible and appreciated by participants in the intervention. The potential impact of coaching on work performance and on health indicators remains to be evaluated.
Multi-modality Therapies for Advanced Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type (SCCOHT): Three Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Han Qin , Guo Hongyan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSmall-cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare but highly undifferentiated, aggressive malignancy that primarily affects young women. Due to the early onset, unclear familial history, and vague presenting symptoms, most SCCOHT patients present with advanced disease and have a very poor prognosis. Although several therapeutic regimens have been proposed, there is no consensus on the optimal strategy. Case presentationWe described three cases of advanced-stage SCCOHT treated with cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy with or without immune checkpoint blockade treatment. The patients showed different survival rates.Conclusions﻿Given the almost universal mortality of advanced SCCOHT during long-term follow-up, we believe these cases highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis as well as early, aggressive, and combined modality treatment of SCCOHT. We also believe that improved therapies could result in more young patients surviving SCCOHT.
Acute Kidney Injury as Presenting Symptom of Primary Lymphoma of the Uterus: Uncommon Presentation of a Rare Disease
Authors: Snyder Alexandra , Dhanuka Ida , Li Haiyan , Shakil Fouzia , Han Liying , Bhardwaj Sushil , David-West Gizelka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary uterine lymphoma is a rare disease, with diffuse large B cell lymphoma being the most common subtype. There are a limited number of reports, series, and reviews in the literature on this disease and its variable clinical presentations. Further data is needed to prevent delay in diagnosis and treatment.Case: We present the case of a 73-year-old with acute kidney injury secondary to severe bilateral hydronephrosis in setting of an enlarged uterus, confirmed to be primary uterine diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Conclusion: Acute kidney injury secondary to severe bilateral hydronephrosis is an uncommon clinical presentation of primary uterine lymphoma. This case highlights the importance of heightened awareness of such rare presentations so not to delay diagnosis and treatment of this disease, and emphasizes benefit of surgical resection in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Student and Foundation Year Pharmacist Performance in the ‘UK Prescribing Safety Assessment’
Authors: Power Ailsa , Stewart Derek , Craig Gail , Boyter Anne , Reid Fiona , Stewart Fiona , Cunningham Scott , Maxwell Simon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIncreasingly the global policy direction is for patient-facing pharmacist prescribers. The ‘UK Prescribing Safety Assessment’ (PSA) was developed for medical graduates to demonstrate prescribing competencies in relation to the safe and effective use of medicines.ObjectivesTo determine PSA performance of final year undergraduate student pharmacists (year 4) and pre-registration pharmacy graduates (year 5) and explore their opinions on its suitability. SettingScotland, UKMethodsFinal year undergraduates (n= 238) and pharmacy pre-registration graduates (n= 167) were briefed and undertook the PSA. PSA questions were mapped to specific thematic areas with 30 questions over 60 minutes. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. A questionnaire was completed to gauge opinions on appropriateness of the PSA.Main Outcome Measure PSA scoresResultsMean total PSA score for pre-registration graduates (64.4, SD 10) was significantly higher than for undergraduates (51.2, SD 12.0,) (p<0.001). Pre-registration graduates performed significantly better across all question areas (all p<0.001 other than ‘adverse drug reactions’, p<0.01). Hospital pre-registration graduates performed statistically significantly better than community with higher overall scores (67.4, SD 9.8 v 63.2, SD 9.8, p<0.05). Positive views on the appropriateness of the approach and the usability of the online interface were obtained from participants. ConclusionHospital graduates performed better than the undergraduates, but there is a need to improve prescribing skills in all, most notably in diagnostic skills. The PSA is acceptable to the participants. These results will help inform pharmacy curricula development and provides a cross-disciplinary method of assessment of prescribing competence.
Cardiac Arrest Due to Pneumomediastinum following Esophagojejunal Anastomotic Fistula: A Case Report.
Authors: Ye Ruiling , Tang Wei , Luo Shiyu , Wan Dong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background：Cardiac arrest due to pneumomediastinum following esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula is one of the most severe postoperative complications. However，It presents with insidious symptoms and easy to be ignored.Case presentation: A 59-year-old man had total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Since then, He began to appear shortness of breath and dyspnea gradually. The image reported severe pneumomediastinum due to esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula. Sudden cardiac arrest developed. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and epinephrine rescue were carried out. Stents were placed to plug the fistula and drainage was performed.Conclusions: Pneumomediastinum is easily overlooked as a complication of esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula after subtotal gastrectomy. A delay in diagnosis increases the rate of cardiac arrest. At present, the treatment of esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula mainly adopts conservative treatment such as drainage and interventional therapy. But the death rate is extremely high. Early positive identification is the life-saving procedure and should not be delayed.