bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a novel, rapid antigen detection test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Thell Rainer , Kallab Verena , Weinhappel Wolfgang , Mueckstein Wolfgang , Heschl Lukas , Heschl Martina , Korsatko Stefan , Toedling Franz , Blaschke Amelie , Herzog Theresa , Klicpera Anna , Koeller Clara , Haugk Moritz , Kreil Anna , Spiel Alexander , Kreuzer Philipp , Krause Robert , Sebesta Christian , Winkler Stefan , Laky Brenda , Szell Marton 
Published: November 2021

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently finally determined in laboratory settings by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (rt-PCR). However, simple testing with immediately available results are crucial to gain control over COVID-19. The aim was to evaluate such a point-of-care antigen rapid test (AG-rt) device in its performance compared to laboratory-based rt-PCR testing in COVID-19 suspected, symptomatic patients.

Methods
For this prospective study, two specimens each of 541 symptomatic female (54.7%) and male (45.3%) patients aged between 18 and 95 years tested at five emergency departments (ED, n = 296) and four primary healthcare centres (PHC, n = 245), were compared, using AG-rt (positive/negative/invalid) and rt-PCR (positive/negative and cycle threshold, Ct) to diagnose SARS-CoV-2. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and likelihood ratios (LR+/-) of the AG-rt were assessed.

Results
Differences between ED and PHC were detected regarding gender, age, symptoms, disease prevalence, and diagnostic performance. Overall, 174 (32.2%) were tested positive on AG-rt and 213 (39.4%) on rt-PCR. AG correctly classified 91.7% of all rt-PCR positive cases with a sensitivity of 80.3%, specificity of 99.1%, PPV of 98.3, NPV of 88.6%, LR(+) of 87.8, and LR(-) of 0.20. The highest sensitivities and specificities of AG-rt were detected in PHC (sensitivity: 84.4%, specificity: 100.0%), when using Ct of 30 as cut-off (sensitivity: 92.5%, specificity: 97.8%), and when symptom onset was within the first three days (sensitivity: 82.9%, specificity: 99.6%).

Conclusions
The highest sensitivity was detected with a high viral load. Our findings suggest that AG-rt are comparable to rt-PCR to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 suspected symptomatic patients presenting both at emergency departments and primary health care centres.
Efficacy and safety of novel glycopeptides versus vancomycin for the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jame Wissal , Basgut Bilgen , Abdi Abdikarim 
Published: November 2021

Objective
To compare between current evidence of novel glycopeptides against vancomycin for the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections.

Methodology
A systematic review and meta-analysis was done. Major databases were searched for eligible randomized control trials that assessed clinical success, microbiological success and safety profile of novel glycopeptides versus vancomycin for infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.

Results
This meta-analysis included eleven trials (7289 participants) comparing telavancin, dalbavancin and oritavancin with vancomycin. No differences were detected between novel glycopeptides and vancomycin for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among modified intent-to-treat patients (OR: 1.04, CI: 0.92–1.17) as well as within the clinically evaluable patients (OR: 1.09, CI: 0.91–1.30). Data analysed from SSTIs, HAP and bacteremia studies on telavancin showed insignificant high clinical response in microbiologically evaluable patients infected with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (OR: 1.57, CI: 0.94–2.62, p: 0.08) and in the eradication of MRSA (OR: 1.39, CI: 0.99–1.96, P:0.06). Dalbavancin was non-inferior to vancomycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis in a phase II trial, while it was superior to vancomycin for the treatment of bacteremia in a phase II trial. Data analysed from all trials showed similar rates of all-cause mortality between compared antibiotics groups (OR: 0.67, CI: 0.11–4.03). Telavancin was significantly related with higher adverse events (OR: 1.24, CI: 1.07–1.44, P: <0.01) while dalbavancin and oritavancin were associated with significant fewer adverse events (OR: 0.73, CI: 0.57–0.94, p: 0.01; OR: 0.72, CI: 0.59–0.89, p: <0.01 respectively).

Conclusion
Efficacy and safety profiles of both dalbavancin and oritavancin were the same as vancomycin in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections in different clinical settings, while telavancin might be an effective alternative to vancomycin in MRSA infections, but caution is required during its clinical use due to the high risk of adverse events, especially nephrotoxicity.
The limited screening accuracy of the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 in detecting depression among perinatal women in Italy
Authors: Gigantesco Antonella , Palumbo Gabriella , Cena Loredana , Camoni Laura , Trainini Alice , Stefana Alberto , Mirabella Fiorino 
Published: November 2021

Background
The PHQ-2 was recently recommended by the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement as a form of initial perinatal screening, followed by the EPDS only for women with positive PHQ-2 score. However, the accuracy of the PHQ-2 in perinatal clinical practice has been barely researched, to date. In the present study, we aim to assess the accuracy of the PHQ-2 against the EPDS in a large sample of perinatal women.

Methods
A total of 1155 consecutive women attending eleven primary or secondary health care centres throughout Italy completed the EPDS and the PHQ-2 during pregnancy (27-40-weeks) or postpartum (1-13-weeks). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, post-test probabilities and area under the curve (AUC) of the PHQ-2, using a cut-off of ≥ 3, were calculated.

Main findings
During pregnancy, PHQ-2 revealed low sensitivity (39.5%) and PPV (39.4%) but high specificity and NPV (97.5%). In postpartum, it revealed very low sensitivity (32.7%) and moderately high NPV (80.9%), but high specificity (99.3%) and PPV (94.4%). Given the low sensitivity despite the high specificity, the PHQ-2 demonstrated poor accuracy (AUC from 0.66 to 0.68).

Conclusion
Initial screening by means of PHQ-2 failed to identify an acceptable number of perinatal women at-risk of depression in Italian clinical practice. The PHQ-2 performance suggested that it has insufficient sensitivity and discriminatory power, and may be inadequate as a screening tool for maternal depression.
Provider views on rapid diagnostic tests and antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections: A mixed methods study
Authors: Burrowes Shana A. B. , Barlam Tamar F. , Skinner Alexandra , Berger Rebecca , Ni Pengsheng , Drainoni Mari-Lynn 
Published: November 2021

Background
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are often inappropriately treated with antibiotics. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been developed with the aim of improving antibiotic prescribing but uptake remains low. The aim of this study was to examine provider knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding RDT use and their relationship to antibiotic prescribing decisions across multiple clinical departments in an urban safety-net hospital.

Methods
We conducted a mixed methods sequential explanatory study. Providers with prescribing authority (attending physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants) who had at least 20 RTI encounters from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Eighty-five providers completed surveys and 16 participated in interviews. We conducted electronic surveys via RedCap from April to July 2019, followed by semi-structured individual interviews from October to December 2019, to ascertain knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to RDT use and antibiotic prescribing.

Results
Survey findings indicated that providers felt knowledgeable about antibiotic prescribing guidelines. They reported high familiarity with the rapid streptococcus and rapid influenza tests. Familiarity with comprehensive respiratory panel PCR (RPP-respiratory panel PCR) and procalcitonin differed by clinical department. Qualitative interviews identified four main themes: providers trust their clinical judgment more than rapid test results; patient-provider relationships play an important role in prescribing decisions; there is patient demand for antibiotics and providers employ different strategies to address the demand and providers do not believe RDTs are implemented with sufficient education or evidence for clinical practice.

Conclusion
Prescribers are knowledgeable about prescribing guidelines but often rely on clinical judgement to make final decisions. The utility of RDTs is specific to the type of RDT and the clinical department. Given the low familiarity and clinical utility of RPP and procalcitonin, providers may require additional education and these tests may need to be implemented differently based on clinical department.
Prevalence and risk factors of irritable bowel syndrome in adolescents
Authors: Kadim Muzal , Tantri Aida Rosita , Ramadani Muhammad Indera 
Published: November 2021

Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in children and adults. The IBS is diagnosed by symptoms that fulfill the Rome IV criteria. This condition can impact quality of life, especially in adolescents.
Objectives To investigate the prevalence of IBS in high school students and analyze its risk factors.
Methods This cross-sectional study was done with e-questionnaires from Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire on Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (R4PDQ). Students from high school and occupational schools age 14 to 18-years-old in Jakarta were included in this study. Possible risk factors for IBS were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis.
Results Of 210 subjects, 10 (4.8%) had IBS. The IBS-M and IBS-C subtypes were more common than IBS-D. Gastrointestinal infection history was significantly associated with IBS (OR 7.1; 95%CI 1.7 to 29.3; P=0.013). Other factors such as gender, corporal punishment, asthma, spicy and fatty food consumption, as well as socioeconomic status were not significantly associated with IBS (P>0.05).
Conclusion The prevalence of IBS in adolescents is 4.8%. History of gastrointestinal infection is a risk factor for IBS.
Atypical presentations of hepatitis A infection in children
Authors: Munmun Sayma Rahman , Yadav Archana Shrestha , Benzamin Mohammad , Karim Abu Sayed Mohammad Bazlul , Rukunuzzaman Mohammad , Mazumder Mohammad Wahiduzzaman , Das Suborna Rani 
Published: November 2021

Background Hepatitis A is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis, with a typical simple, self-limiting course. But it is not free from complications. Atypical presentations, such as in the form of prolonged cholestasis, ascites, pleural effusion, relapsing hepatitis, or fulminant hepatic failure, pose challenges to disease management. Knowledge about varying presentations and identification of factors associated with atypical presentations will help to early diagnosis of atypical courses of disease.
Objective To describe various atypical clinical presentations, biochemical findings of hepatitis A infection, and possible related factors.
Methods Ninety-five children aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with hepatitis A infection, and admitted to the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2015 to May 2018 were studied retrospectively.
Results Atypical presentations were manifested in 19 (20%) out of 95 children with hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. The mean age of atypical patients [6.32 (SD 3.45) years] was significantly lower than that of typical patients [8.22 (SD 3.58) years] (P=0.0041). The most common atypical manifestation was ascites (11/19), followed by hepatic encephalopathy (9/19), acute liver failure (719), thrombocytopenia (2/19), pleural effusion (2/19), and cholestasis (1; 1.1%). Children with atypical features had significantly higher international normalized ratio (INR) and serum bilirubin, as well as lower hemoglobin level than the typical group. Children of atypical group had significantly higher number of organomegaly and coagulopathy.
Conclusion Ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, acute liver failure, thrombocytopenia, pleural effusion, and prolonged cholestasis were common forms of atypical presentation. Younger age, organomegaly, higher bilirubin level, prolonged PT, and decreased hemoglobin level could be predictive of an atypical presentation of HAV in children.
Neonatal hemochromatosis attributed to gestational alloimmune liver disease treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and exchange transfusion therapy: an evidence-based case report
Authors: Perma Iskandar Adhi Teguh , Jamarin Vini , Mulyana Kamajaya 
Published: November 2021

Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH) is a rare fatal liver disease accompanied by hepatic and extrahepatic iron overload.1-3 Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) is a materno-fetal alloimmune disorder and leading cause of NH.2,4,5 This condition allows an interplay between the maternal adaptive immune system and the fetus, resulting in an allograft to the mother. The mother becomes sensitized to an alloantigen expressed by the fetus and forms specific reactive antibodies. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is transported through the placenta and attacks the fetal hepatocytes, resulting in severe loss of hepatocytes and fetal iron overload.3,6
Liver transplantation has been the only definitive treatment for NH for many years, with a survival rate of ±35%. Conventional therapy containing antioxidants and chelation agents reportedly have very poor success, with survival rate of only 10-20%. A new treatment paradigm involving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and exchange transfusion (ET) therapy has shown significant success in survival rate in NH, decreasing the need for liver transplantation.3,7,8
Here we present a case of NH caused by GALD and treated successfully with a combination of IVIG therapy and ET. We also aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IVIG and ET therapy for NH.
FEATURES OF THE REGIONAL CONSUMER MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Krylova N. P. , Stepanova A. A. 
Published: November 2021

The article presents an analysis of the features of the development of the consumer market on the example of the municipal district of Cherepovets for the period from 2015 to 2019, the dynamics of retail trade turnover, the structure of turnover by forms of trade, also it reveals the socio-demographic portrait of the consumer of nonfood products, the weak and strong sides of the consumer market Cherepovets are presented.
The authors use methods of polling, synthesis, comparison, analysis of statistical data of Vologda region and the Russian Federation. The results of an Internet survey, which was conducted in February-March 2021, are presented.
The importance of the implementation of municipal programs aimed at developing the consumer market, providing consumers with professional services, improving the overall quality of life of citizens, influencing the formation of a comfortable urban environment is noted.
Experimentação de química no ensino médio: percepções e concepções de alunos e professores
Authors: Zimmer Geórgia Cristiane , Folmer Vanderlei , Regina Bonini Marzari Mara , Colman Espíndola Lima Quelen 
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar percepções e concepções de professores e alunos na realização da experimentação de Química no Ensino Médio, em um colégio técnico integrado. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, realizou-se uma entrevista com as duas professoras de Química, e um questionário foi aplicado com os alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio. Na entrevista com as professoras, foi observado que a falta de um laboratorista e a baixa carga horária da disciplina de Química dificulta a realização das aulas experimentais. Referente às respostas dos alunos, constatou-se que eles gostam das aulas de Química teóricas e experimentais, sendo que por meio da experimentação conseguem correlacionar a teoria com a prática. Isso pode estar relacionado ao método de ensino que as professoras utilizam e também pelo colégio apresentar um laboratório de Química equipado, e que quando possível, são realizadas aulas experimentais de Química. Este trabalho mostra que mesmo em uma escola técnica equipada, ainda se tem outros fatores que dificulta a frequência das aulas práticas no laboratório de Química. Para aprofundar os estudos realizados é necessária uma maior investigação a respeito de como esses fatores elencados afetam diretamente o ensino, envolvendo um maior número de escolas. Além disso, torna-se importante avaliar de que forma, mudanças no método de ensino influenciam diretamente no aprendizado de Química.
Męskości hybrydowe, czyli wilk w owczej skórze. Definiowanie konceptu
Authors: Kluczyńska Urszula 
Published: November 2021

Krytyczne studia nad mężczyznami i męskościami oferują coraz większą pulę terminów i kategorii opisujących męskości oraz zależności genderowe. Najbardziej zananą teorią, która zmonopolizowała badania w obrębie studiów, jest teoria męskości hegemonicznej R.W. Connell. Teoria ta została poddana krytyce, która przyczyniła się do wyłonienia kolejnych propozycji opisu męskości. Jedną z takich propozycji są męskości hybrydowe. Celem tekstu jest poszerzenie dostępnych w języku polskim opisów i krytyki koncepcji teoretycznych w obrębie krytycznych studiów nad mężczyznami i męskościami. Autorka skupiła się na przybliżeniu koncepcji męskości hybrydowych. W ramach opisu kategorii męskości hybrydowych autorka wskazała na sposoby definiowania konceptu, opisała konsekwencje hybrydyzacji oraz odniosła się do badań, które wykorzystały tę kategorię analityczną lub których wnioski odnosiły się do męskości hybrydowych. Koncept męskości hybrydowych został również ukazany na tle wybranych kategorii męskości i poddany dyskusji.
Paralela Emmanuel–lew i jej znaczenie w programie malarskim serbskich ikonostasów
Authors: Gronek Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

Jedną z wyjątkowych cech programów malarskich nowożytnych serbskich ikonostasów jest obecność w nich tematu Czuwającego Emmanuela, ilustrującego intelektualną paralelę Emanuel - lew. Ideowym źródłem tego obrazu są teksty biblijne i ich interpretacje Orygenesa, Cyryla Aleksandryjskiego, Teodora z Cirrhus, Epifaniusza z Salaminy oraz anonimowego autora Fizjologusa, greckiego bestiariusza z II-IV wieku.
Ikona ta znajduje się w samym środku ikonostasu, najczęściej bezpośrednio nad wrotami królewskimi. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę odczytania treści tego przedstawienia. Studia ikonograficzne, ikonologiczne, porównawcze oraz analiza treści tekstów biblijnych i inskrypcji na ikonach doprowadziły do przekonania, że obraz Czuwającego Emmanuela w tym miejscu ikonostasu pełni przede wszystkim funkcje apotropaiczne, tj. opiekuńcze i ochronne. Przestrzeń świątynna podzielona jest na dwie części: sanktuarium i nawę, co oznacza symboliczny podział na świat widzialny i niewidzialny, ziemski i niebiański, cielesny i duchowy. Ikonostas stanowi granicę między tymi dwiema sferami, a królewskie wrota je łączą. Przejścia strzeże obraz "Czuwającego Emmanuela”. Choć w wieku XVIII w serbskim malarstwie cerkiewnym nastąpiły radykalne zmiany formalne, a tradycyjne wzorce zostały zastąpione przez nowe, zachodniego pochodzenia, to oryginalne treści apotropaiczne pozostały.
Archäologische Forschungen am Karacadağ und eine hieroglyphenluwische Inschrift aus Karaören
Authors: Maner Çiğdem , Weeden Mark , Alparslan Metin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis essay presents a partial report of surveys on the Karacadağ (Konya), which have been carried out since 2016 due to the find of a fragment of a hieroglyphic Luwian inscription from the 13thcentury BC at the village of Karaören. The results of the survey allow a holistic understanding of the material and topographic conditions which led to the writing, re-use and then find of the inscription. The inscription is presented and a possible historical-geographical framework both of this and of other related texts is explained, whereby it seems probable that there was an important military-strategic border here. The survey and associated ethnographic research established the importance of the freshwater springs on the Karacadağ, as well as the continuous re-use of stones attesting a profound cultural memory that runs from the Hittite period through a populous Byzantine occupation up until modern applications by the inhabitants of the Karacadağ.
Framing variation and intersectional identities within Indonesia’s ethnic Chinese minority
Authors: Birnie-Smith Jessica 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Variationist researchers are increasingly adopting intersectionality approaches to analyse identity-linked practice. However, the field of sociolinguistic variation is yet to embrace the full ramifications of intersectionality as an analytical framework. The current paper offers a new method for integrating intersectional approaches into variationist studies by operationalising Blommaert, Jan & Anna De Fina. 2017. Chronotopic identities: On the timespace organization of who we are. In Anna De Fina & Jeremy Wegner (eds.), Diversity and super-diversity, 1–14. Washington: Georgetown University Press chronotopic frame theory. This method is used to examine how the intersectionality of ethnic, national, and peer-group identities is structured and reproduced in different ways through Chinese Indonesian youths’ selection of multilingual variants of an agreement marker in their peer-to-peer interactions at educational institutions in Pontianak city, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results illustrate how chronotopic frame approaches to studying identity-linked variation heed calls for integrations of intersectionality to move beyond accounting for intracategorical complexity and instead examine the dynamic mutual constitution of social categories that better represents marginalised people’s lived experiences.
Language norms in L2 education for adult migrants – translanguaging pedagogy in the age of mobility
Authors: Norlund Shaswar Annika 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
International mobility has caused a need for language education where adults can learn the language(s) used in their new country. In Sweden, the language programme SFI (Swedish for immigrants) provides basic second language education for adult immigrants. For those learners who are not yet functionally literate, basic literacy education is included. This article aims to explore the concept translanguaging pedagogy in relation to the articulated and embodied language norms of one SFI teacher. The empirical data, produced by ethnographic methodology, consists of classroom observations and semi-structural interviews. The method of analysis comprises a set of sociolinguistic questions, three categories of language norms (double monolingualism, integrated bilingualism and polylingualism) and discourse analysis, centering on deictics, indexical signs and reported speech. Findings show that although the teacher does engage in translanguaging practices, her teaching practices cannot be referred to as translanguaging pedagogy because she has made no deliberate decision to include the students’ full linguistic repertoires and there are contradictions both within and between her articulated and embodied language norms. It is concluded that it is crucial for educational development in contexts characterised by mobility that teachers in linguistically heterogeneous classrooms increase their awareness of their language norms and the students’ linguistic resources.