bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer: clinical feasibility and outcome
Authors: Niu Shao-Qing , Li Rong-Zhen , Yuan Yan , Xie Wei-Hao , Wang Qiao-Xuan , Chang Hui , Lu Zhen-Hai , Ding Pei-Rong , Li Li-Ren , Wu Xiao-Jun , Zeng Zhi-Fan , Xiao Wei-Wei , Gao Yuan-Hong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer (LASCC)
have limited treatment options and a dismal prognosis with poor quality of life. This retrospective study aimed to further evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgery as treatment for select patients with unresectable LASCC.

Methods

We studied patients with unresectable LASCC who received NACRT between November 2010 and April 2019. The NACRT regimen consisted of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of 50 Gy to the gross tumor and positive lymphoma node and 45 Gy to the clinical target volume. Capecitabine‑based chemotherapy was administered every 2 (mFOLFOX6) or 3 weeks (CAPEOX). Surgery was scheduled 6–8 weeks after radiotherapy.

Results
Seventy‑two patients were enrolled in this study. Patients had a regular follow-up (median, 41.1 months; range, 8.3–116.5 months). Seventy‑one patients completed NACRT, and sixty-five completed surgery. Resection with microscopically negative margins (R0 resection) was achieved in 64 patients (88.9%). Pathologic complete response was observed in 15 patients (23.1%), and multivisceral resection was necessary in 38 patients (58.3%). The cumulative probability of 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 75.8 and 70.7%, respectively.

Conclusions
For patients with unresectable LASCC, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is feasible, surgery can be performed safely and may result in increased survival and organ preservation rates.
Serum checkpoint molecules in patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)
Authors: Matsumoto Haruki , Fujita Yuya , Matsuoka Naoki , Temmoku Jumpei , Yashiro-Furuya Makiko , Asano Tomoyuki , Sato Shuzo , Watanabe Hiroshi , Suzuki Eiji , Tsuji Sosuke , Fukui Shoichi , Umeda Masataka , Iwamoto Naoki , Kawakami Atsushi , Migita Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by increased serum IgG4 concentration and infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells in the affected organs. The present study aimed to characterize the serum levels of coinhibitory checkpoint molecule, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-containing-molecule-3 (TIM-3), and its ligand, galectin-9 (Gal-9), among IgG4-related disease in patients with IgG4-RD patients with various organ involvements.

Methods
Serum samples were collected from untreated 59 patients with IgG4-RD, 13 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and 37 healthy controls (HCs). HCs lacked chronic medical diseases or conditions and did not take prescription medications or over-the-counter medications within 7 days. Patients with IgG4-RD (n = 57) were subdivided into those with visceral involvement (n = 38) and those without visceral involvement (n = 21). Serum levels of Gal-9 and soluble TIM-3 (sTIM-3) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were compared with the clinical phenotypes of IgG4-RD.

Results
In untreated patients with IgG4-RD, serum levels of Gal-9 and sTIM-3 were significantly higher than in RA patients as well as in healthy controls. There were significant correlations between the serum levels of Gal-9 or sTIM-3 and serum levels of IgG, BAFF, or sIL-2R. However, there was no significant correlation between the serum levels of Gal-9 or sTIM-3 and serum IgG4 concentrations. Serum levels of sTIM-3 were significantly higher in a subset of patients with visceral involvements than in those without visceral involvements. However, there was no significant difference in the serum levels of Gal-9 between IgG4-RD patients with and without visceral involvements, although both Gal-9 and sTIM-3 were elevated in untreated IgG4-RD patients, and the levels of these checkpoint molecules remained unchanged after steroid therapy.

Conclusion
Serum levels of Gal-9 and sTIM-3 were significantly elevated in untreated patients with IgG4-RD. Furthermore, serum levels of sTIM-3 were significantly higher in IgG4-RD patients with visceral involvements. These checkpoint molecules could be a potentially useful biomarker for IgG4-RD and for assessing the clinical phenotypes of IgG4-RD.
Perioperative use of serum creatinine and postoperative acute kidney injury: a single-centre, observational retrospective study to explore physicians’ perception and practice
Authors: Villa Gianluca , De Rosa Silvia , Scirè Calabrisotto Caterina , Nerini Alessandro , Saitta Thomas , Degl’Innocenti Dario , Paparella Laura , Bocciero Vittorio , Allinovi Marco , De Gaudio Angelo R. , Ostermann Marlies , Romagnoli Stefano 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) is a leading cause of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality, as well as progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to explore the physicians’ attitude toward the use of perioperative serum creatinine (sCr) for the identification of patients at risk for PO-AKI and long-term CKD. We also evaluated the incidence and risk factors associated with PO-AKI and renal function deterioration in patients undergoing major surgery for malignant disease.

Methods
Adult oncological patients who underwent major abdominal surgery from November 2016 to February 2017 were considered for this single-centre, observational retrospective study. Routinely available sCr values were used to define AKI in the first three postoperative days. Long-term kidney dysfunction (LT-KDys) was defined as a reduction in the estimated glomerular filtration rate by more than 10 ml/min/m2 at 12 months postoperatively. A questionnaire was administered to 125 physicians caring for the enrolled patients to collect information on local attitudes regarding the use of sCr perioperatively and its relationship with PO-AKI.

Results
A total of 423 patients were observed. sCr was not available in 59 patients (13.9%); the remaining 364 (86.1%) had at least one sCr value measured to allow for detection of postoperative kidney impairment. Among these, PO-AKI was diagnosed in 8.2% of cases. Of the 334 patients who had a sCr result available at 12-month follow-up, 56 (16.8%) developed LT-KDys. Data on long-term kidney function were not available for 21% of patients. Interestingly, 33 of 423 patients (7.8%) did not have a sCr result available in the immediate postoperative period or long term. All the physicians who participated in the survey (83 out of 125) recognised that postoperative assessment of sCr is required after major oncological abdominal surgery, particularly in those patients at high risk for PO-AKI and LT-KDys.

Conclusion
PO-AKI after major surgery for malignant disease is common, but clinical practice of measuring sCr is variable. As a result, the exact incidence of PO-AKI and long-term renal prognosis are unclear, including in high-risk patients.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04341974.
Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated from whole blood for immunotherapy
Authors: Hussein Yousri M. , Hendawy Doaa M. , Alghamdy Abdalrahman N. , Raafat Nermin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Dendritic cells (DCs) recognize different pathogens and cancer cells and activate the adaptive immune response. The generation of effective DC-based cancer vaccines depends on the appropriate differentiation of monocytes in vitro. This study aimed to standardize a protocol for the in vitro differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into immature DCs upon treatment with growth factors and generate monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated from peripheral blood. After monocyte enrichment by plastic adhesion, monocytes were cultured for 6 days in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 to generate immature DCs. The cells were examined by microscopy. Using flow cytometry, DCs were evaluated for the expression of the CD83 and HLA-DR surface antigens, for the uptake of fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated dextran, and also for the expression of CD80 and CD86 mRNA.

Results
CD80 and CD86 genes expression was upregulated at day six and exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05). DCs showed positive expression of the CD83 and HLA-DR surface antigens by flow cytometry and FITC-conjugated dextran uptake.

Conclusion
This study represents a preliminary trial to generate immature MoDCs in vitro from blood monocytes collected by the flask adherence method. It offers a panel of surface markers for DCs characterization and provides Immature DCs for experimental procedures after 6 incubation days.
Tight junction stabilization prevents HepaRG cell death in drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: Sonoi Rie , Hagihara Yoshihisa 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Entacapone (ENT), a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, causes liver injury by inducing bile canaliculi (BC) dilation through inhibition of the myosin light kinase pathway. Loss of tight junctions (TJs) induces hepatocyte depolarization, which causes bile secretory failure, leading to liver damage. To understand the influence of TJ structural changes as a consequence of BC dynamics, we compared the datasets of time-lapse and immunofluorescence images for TJ protein ZO-1 in hepatocytes cultured with ENT, forskolin (FOR), ENT/FOR, and those cultured without any drugs. Retrospective analysis revealed that the drastic change in BC behaviors caused TJ disruption and apoptosis in cells cultured with ENT. Exposure to FOR or sodium taurocholate facilitated TJ formation in the cells cultured with ENT and suppressed BC dynamic changes, leading to the inhibition of TJ disruption and apoptosis. Our findings clarify that hepatocyte TJ stabilization protects against cell death induced by BC disruption.
LncRNA HBL1 is required for genome-wide PRC2 occupancy and function in cardiogenesis from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Liu Juli , Liu Sheng , Han Lei , Sheng Yi , Zhang Yucheng , Kim Il-Man , Wan Jun , Yang Lei 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) deposits H3K27me3 on chromatin to silence transcription. PRC2 broadly interacts with RNAs. Currently, the role of the RNA-PRC2 interaction in human cardiogenesis remains elusive. Here, we found that human-specific heart brake lncRNA 1 (HBL1) interacted with two PRC2 subunits, JARID2 and EED, in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Loss of JARID2, EED or HBL1 significantly enhanced cardiac differentiation from hPSCs. HBL1 depletion disrupted genome-wide PRC2 occupancy and H3K27me3 chromatin modification on essential cardiogenic genes, and broadly enhanced cardiogenic gene transcription in undifferentiated hPSCs and later-on differentiation. In addition, ChIP-seq revealed reduced EED occupancy on 62 overlapped cardiogenic genes in HBL1−/− and JARID2−/− hPSCs, indicating that the epigenetic state of cardiogenic genes was determined by HBL1 and JARID2 at pluripotency stage. Furthermore, after cardiac development occurs, the cytosolic and nuclear fractions of HBL1 could crosstalk via a conserved ‘microRNA-1-JARID2’ axis to modulate cardiogenic gene transcription. Overall, our findings delineate the indispensable role of HBL1 in guiding PRC2 function during early human cardiogenesis, and expand the mechanistic scope of lncRNA(s) that cytosolic and nuclear portions of HBL1 could coordinate to orchestrate human cardiogenesis.
Repeat exposure to hypercapnic seawater modifies growth and oxidative status in a tolerant burrowing clam
Authors: Gurr Samuel J. , Wanamaker Shelly A. , Vadopalas Brent , Roberts Steven B. , Putnam Hollie M. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Although low levels of thermal stress, irradiance and dietary restriction can have beneficial effects for many taxa, stress acclimation remains little studied in marine invertebrates, even though they are threatened by climate change stressors such as ocean acidification. To test the role of life-stage and stress-intensity dependence in eliciting enhanced tolerance under subsequent stress encounters, we initially conditioned pediveliger Pacific geoduck (Panopea generosa) larvae to ambient and moderately elevated PCO2 (920 µatm and 2800 µatm, respectively) for 110 days. Then, clams were exposed to ambient, moderate or severely elevated PCO2 (750, 2800 or 4900 µatm, respectively) for 7 days and, following 7 days in ambient conditions, a 7-day third exposure to ambient (970 µatm) or moderate PCO2 (3000 µatm). Initial conditioning to moderate PCO2 stress followed by second and third exposure to severe and moderate PCO2 stress increased respiration rate, organic biomass and shell size, suggesting a stress-intensity-dependent effect on energetics. Additionally, stress-acclimated clams had lower antioxidant capacity compared with clams under ambient conditions, supporting the hypothesis that stress over postlarval-to-juvenile development affects oxidative status later in life. Time series and stress intensity-specific approaches can reveal life-stages and magnitudes of exposure, respectively, that may elicit beneficial phenotypic variation.
Molecular study of sapovirus in acute gastroenteritis in children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zaki Maysaa El Sayed , Shrief Raghdaa , Hassan Rasha H. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Sapovirus has emerged as a viral cause of acute gastroenteritis. However, there are insufficient data about the presence of this virus among children with acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to evaluate the presence of sapovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 100 children patients with acute gastroenteritis from outpatient clinics with excluded bacterial pathogens and parasitic infestation. A stool sample was collected from each child for laboratory examination. Each stool sample was subjected to study by direct microscopic examination, study for rotavirus by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and the remaining sample was subjected to RNA extraction and RT- PCR for sapovirus. Results: The most frequently detected virus was rotavirus by ELISA (25%). RT-PCR detected sapovirus in 7% of the stool samples. The children with sapovirus were all from rural regions and presented mainly during the winter season in Egypt (42.9%). The main presenting symptoms were fever (71.4%) and vomiting (57.1%). None of the children with sapovirus had dehydration. Rotavirus was significantly associated with sapovirus infections in 5 patients (71.4%, P=0.01). There was an insignificant difference between symptoms of gastroenteritis in children with sapovirus and children with gastroenteritis without sapovirus as regards vomiting (P=0.7), fever (P=0.46), and abdominal pain (P=0.69). Conclusion: The present study highlights the emergence of sapovirus as a frequent pathogen associated with acute gastroenteritis in children. There is a need for a national survey program for the study of sapovirus among other pathogens associated with acute gastroenteritis for better management of such infection.
Entre a Rivalidade e a Integração: Argentina, Brasil e a Formação do Mercosul l Between Rivalry and Integration: Argentina, Brazil and The Formation Of Mercosur
Authors: Seidel Batista Rafael Euclides , Lima Alves Thiago Augusto 
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma descrição e análise sobre a cooperação existente entre Argentina e Brasil, desenvolvida com maior ênfase a partir de meados da década de 1980. São desenvolvidas considerações sobre seus efeitos para a estabilização das relações bilaterais e para o surgimento do Mercosul. É utilizada a metodologia de abordagem qualitativa e de natureza descritiva, apoiada em fontes primárias e secundárias sobre a temática. Na primeira seção, é apresentado um breve histórico das relações bilaterais dos dois países, com o intuito de se alcançar uma visão conjuntural sobre as várias fases das relações argentino-brasileiras. Em sequência, é explicitada a intensificação do processo de cooperação bilateral, buscando-se uma análise da relação desta com a fundação do Mercosul em 1991. Como considerações finais, verifica-se que a superação de rivalidades em pontos estratégicos e sensíveis das relações entre Argentina e Brasil foi essencial para o aprofundamento das relações bilaterais e para a consequente fundação do Mercosul.Palavras-chave: Cooperação entre Argentina e Brasil; Integração Regional; Mercosul.ABSTRACTThe objective of this paper is to conduct a description and analysis on the cooperation between Argentina and Brazil, which occurred with greater emphasis from the 1980s onwards, proposing considerations on its effects for the stabilization of bilateral relations and the emergence of Mercosur. To this end, the article uses a qualitative approach methodology with a descriptive nature, supported by primary and secondary sources on the theme. In its first section, it presents a brief history of the relations between the two countries to achieve an overview of the various phases of Argentine-Brazilian relations. In sequence, it addresses the intensification of the bilateral cooperation process, seeking an analysis of its relationship with the founding of Mercosur in 1991. Following final definitions, it was found that overcoming rivalries at strategic and related points in relations between Argentina and Brazil was essential for the deepening of bilateral relations and the consequent foundation of Mercosur.Keywords: Cooperation between Argentina and Brazil; Regional Integration; Mercosur. Recebido em: 15/12/2020 | Aceito em: 26/01/2021.
Electrical Properties Predict Wheat Leaf Moisture
Authors: Hao Yumei , Hua Yuantao , Li Xu , Gao Xianqiang , Chen Jilong 
Published: May 2021

HighlightsA non-destructive prediction model for moisture content of wheat leaves was established based on electrical properties.The model based on a single property (capacitance or resistance) was improved by using both properties.The model accurately detected the moisture content of wheat leaves in real-time to avoid irrigation lag.The results provide a basis for real-time and targeted water-saving irrigation of winter wheat in an arid region.Abstract. In this study, we aimed to establish a non-destructive and rapid approach to monitor the moisture content of wheat leaves in Southern Xinjiang, China, and promptly acquire information on the physiological water demand of crops to guide precision irrigation. Wheat leaves were used as the research object. Using a custom-made clamped parallel-plate capacitor and LCR digital bridge meter, we determined the electrical properties (capacitance and resistance) of wheat leaves with various moisture contents within a frequency range from 0.12 to 100 kHz. Moreover, we explored the correlation between leaf moisture content and the electrical properties. Our data showed that leaf moisture exhibited the best correlation with the electrical properties at 50 kHz. Under these optimized conditions, a model for moisture measurement was established using a single-parameter method (capacitance or resistance). However, the estimated standard errors (RMSE) of this method were 3.29% (for resistance) and 3.49% (for capacitance), which were greater than the standard error of the measured moisture content (2%). Therefore, we developed an improved model using a two-parameter method (capacitance and resistance), and the estimated standard error was 2.68%, which was more feasible for predicting moisture content compared with the single-parameter method. The model was validated using eight groups of wheat leaf samples at the turning-green stage and the jointing stage, and the RMSE values were less than 2%. Our findings provide a scientific basis for real-time and targeted water-saving irrigation of wheat in arid areas of Southern Xinjiang. Keywords: Electrical property, Model, Moisture content, Precision irrigation, Wheat leaves.
Factors indicating intention to vaccinate with a COVID-19 vaccine among older U.S. adults
Authors: Nikolovski Janeta , Koldijk Martin , Weverling Gerrit Jan , Spertus John , Turakhia Mintu , Saxon Leslie , Gibson Mike , Whang John , Sarich Troy , Zambon Robert , Ezeanochie Nnamdi , Turgiss Jennifer , Jones Robyn , Stoddard Jeff , Burton Paul , Navar Ann Marie 
Published: May 2021

Background
The success of vaccination efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic will require broad public uptake of immunization and highlights the importance of understanding factors associated with willingness to receive a vaccine.

Methods
U.S. adults aged 65 and older enrolled in the HeartlineTM clinical study were invited to complete a COVID-19 vaccine assessment through the HeartlineTM mobile application between November 6–20, 2020. Factors associated with willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine were evaluated using an ordered logistic regression as well as a Random Forest classification algorithm.

Results
Among 9,106 study participants, 81.3% (n = 7402) responded and had available demographic data. The majority (91.3%) reported a willingness to be vaccinated. Factors most strongly associated with vaccine willingness were beliefs about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccines in general. Women and Black or African American respondents reported lower willingness to vaccinate. Among those less willing to get vaccinated, 66.2% said that they would talk with their health provider before making a decision. During the study, positive results from the first COVID-19 vaccine outcome study were released; vaccine willingness increased after this report.

Conclusions
Even among older adults at high-risk for COVID-19 complications who are participating in a longitudinal clinical study, 1 in 11 reported lack of willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine in November 2020. Variability in vaccine willingness by gender, race, education, and income suggests the potential for uneven vaccine uptake. Education by health providers directed toward assuaging concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy can help improve vaccine acceptance among those less willing.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04276441.
COR DA DIFERENÇA
Authors: Silva Gislaine de Fátima Ferreira , Alvarenga Almeida Breno , Pinto Gonçalves dos Reis Fabio , Maria Ribeiro Cláudia 
Published: May 2021

O presente texto, tecido a várias mãos, apresenta o diálogo entre duas pesquisas realizadas no programa de pós-graduação em educação da Universidade Federal de Lavras, no que tange as relações étnico-raciais e as experienciações artísticas. O lócus do vigente estudo transita entre turmas das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e da Educação Infantil, situadas, respectivamente, no Campo das Vertentes e no Sul de Minas Gerais. Ambas investigações se pautaram nos referenciais teórico-metodológicos pós-estruturalistas e nos estudos foucaultianos para problematizar as relações de saber-poder que navegam nos engalfinhamentos, sendo enfrentamento, pulsando resistências. O material empírico foi produzido na realização de oficinas pedagógicas, previamente elaboradas, que borbulharam problematizações referentes a representatividade da negritude. Atravessados pelo teatro e pelas artes plásticas, encontramos nas expressões e falas das crianças a negação e/ou a marginalização das pessoas negras, o que nos inquietou e nos lançou a esse campo investigativo, visando problematizar as desigualdades de raça/etnia que reverberam no ambiente escolar.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Relações étnico-raciais. Identidade negra. Arte. Políticas das diferenças.