bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical origin of martensite-like structures in two-dimensional ReS2
Authors: Huang Lingli , Zheng Fangyuan , Chen Honglin , Thi Quoc Huy , Chen Xin , Liu Haijun , Lee Chun-Sing , Deng Qingming , Zhao Jiong , Ly Thuc Hue 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMartensite is a needle-shaped microstructure formed by a rapid, diffusionless transformation and significantly affects the mechanical properties of materials. Here, in two-dimensional ReS2 we show that martensite-like domain structures can form via a diffusionless transformation, involving small lattice deformations. By analyzing the strain distribution and topology of the as-grown chemical vapor deposition samples, we find that cooling-induced strain at the ReS2/substrate interface is responsible for the mechanical loading and is essential for martensite-like domain formation. Meanwhile, the effect of cooling rate, flake size and substrate on the microstructures revealed the mechanical origin of the transformation. The strain-induced lattice reconstructions are rationalized and possibly lead to ferroelastic effects. In view of the strong anisotropy in electronic and optical properties in two dimensional materials like ReS2, opportunities exist for strain-correlated micro/nanostructure engineering, which has potential use in next-generation strain-tunable devices.
Measurement and monitoring of overhead transmission line sag in smart grid: A review
Authors: Mahin Ayman Uddin , Islam Shama Naz , Ahmed Fabliha , Hossain Md. Farhad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn a transmission line, sag is intentionally provided to relax the tension on the wire when placed between two terminals. However, thermal stress and extreme weather conditions can cause increases in transmission line sag, which can eventually damage transmission line infrastructure. In this regard, this paper examines a number of sag measurement techniques based on physical or optical properties and integrated with signal processing and communication technologies. The performance of different sag measurement methods is compared in terms of accuracy, precision and key feature. Several challenges and limitations of the existing sag measurement mechanisms are reported. A number of recommendations to address the identified challenges are made. Moreover, an efficient communication framework for sag related information exchange is proposed. This comprehensive review of the sag measurement techniques will facilitate the evolution of new and efficient real‐time sag measurement and monitoring methods.
Pseudo‐Siamese residual atrous pyramid network for multi‐focus image fusion
Authors: Jiang Limai , Fan Hui , Li Jinjiang , Tu Changhe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDepth of field is one of the critical reasons to limit the richness of image information. Usually, in a scene with multiple targets, when the distance between each target and the lens is different, the clear scene image can be get within a certain distance range. This situation restricts the further image processing, such as semantic segmentation, object recognition and 3D reconstruction. Multi‐focus image fusion uses two or more images focused on different targets to fuse scene information, which can solve this problem to a great extent. In general, two or more multi‐focus images can cover almost all near/far targets. The fusion of more than two multi‐focus images can be accomplished by cascading the fusion results of the previous two images and the next image to be processed many times. Therefore, the paper focus on the fusion of two multi‐focus images. Inspired by this, new Pseudo‐Siamese neural network with several residual atrous convolution pyramids with multi‐level perception ability to perceive the multi‐level features and consistency relations of multi‐focus image pairs is proposed, and multi‐layer residual blocks are used to fuse the extracted features. In this process, the residual of the groundtruth and the generated image will be learned. Finally, a fully focused image without blur will be generated. After several ablation experiments and comparison experiments with other methods, the results show that the performance of the method proposed in this paper is state‐of‐the‐art, and overall better than other methods, which are advanced.
χ1 Fornacis cluster DANCe
Authors: Galli P. A. B. , Bouy H. , Olivares J. , Miret-Roig N. , Sarro L. M. , Barrado D. , Berihuete A. 
Published: August 2021

Context. The χ1 Fornacis cluster (Alessi 13) is one of a few open clusters of its age and distance in the Solar neighbourhood that ought to benefit from more attention as it can serve as a cornerstone for numerous future studies related to star and planet formation.
Aims. We take advantage of the early installment of the third data release of the Gaia space mission in combination with archival data and our own observations, to expand the census of cluster members and revisit some properties of the cluster.
Methods. We applied a probabilistic method to infer membership probabilities over a field of more than 1000 deg2 to select the most likely cluster members and derive the distances, spatial velocities, and physical properties of the stars in this sample.
Results. We identify 164 high-probability cluster members (including 61 new members) covering the magnitude range from 5.1 to 19.6 mag in the G-band. Our sample of cluster members is complete down to 0.04 M⊙. We derive the distance of 108.4 ± 0.3 pc from Bayesian inference and confirm that the cluster is comoving with the Tucana-Horologium, Columba, and Carina young stellar associations. We investigate the kinematics of the cluster from a subsample of stars with measured radial velocities and we do not detect any significant expansion or rotation effects in the cluster. Our results suggest that the cluster is somewhat younger (about 30 Myr) than previously thought. Based on spectroscopic observations, we argue that the cluster is mass-segregated and that the distribution of spectral types shows little variation compared to other young stellar groups.
Conclusions. In this study, we deliver the most complete census of cluster members that can be done with Gaia data alone and we use this new sample to provide an updated picture on the 6D structure of the cluster.
Exploitation of the MareNostrum 4 HPC using ARC-CE
Authors: Acosta-Silva Carles , Del Peso José , Fullana Torregrosa Esteban , González de la Hoz Santiago , Pacheco Pages Andrés , Salt José , Sánchez Martínez Javier 
Published: August 2021

The resources of the HPC centers are a potential aid to meet the future challenges of HL-LHC [1] in terms of computational requirements. Spanish HPC centers have recently been used to implement all necessary edge services to integrate resources into the LHC experiment workflow management system. In this article, we describe the integration of ATLAS with the extension plan to other LHC experiments. We chose to configure a dedicated ARC-CE [2] and interact with the HPC login and transfer nodes using ssh commands.
The repository that includes a partial copy of the ATLAS experiment software on CVMFS is packaged in a singularity image to overcome network isolation for HPC nodes and reduce software requirements. ATLAS provided the initial container, and the authors adapted it to the specific HPC environment. This article shows the Spanish contribution to the simulation of experiments after the Spanish Ministry of Science agreement and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), the center that operates MareNostrum 4. Finally, we discuss some challenges to take advantage of the next generation of HPC machines with heterogeneous architecture combining CPU and GPU.
Building a Distributed Computing System for LDMX
Authors: Bryngemark Lene Kristian , Cameron David , Dutta Valentina , Eichlersmith Thomas , Konya Balazs , Moreno Omar , Mullier Geoffrey , Paganelli Florido , Pöttgen Ruth , Rogers Fuzzy , Salnikov Andrii , Weakliem Paul 
Published: August 2021

Particle physics experiments rely extensively on computing and data services, making e-infrastructure an integral part of the research collaboration. Constructing and operating distributed computing can however be challenging for a smaller-scale collaboration.
The Light Dark Matter eXperiment (LDMX) is a planned small-scale accelerator-based experiment to search for dark matter in the sub-GeV mass region. Finalizing the design of the detector relies on Monte-Carlo simulation of expected physics processes. A distributed computing pilot project was proposed to better utilize available resources at the collaborating institutes, and to improve scalability and reproducibility.
This paper outlines the chosen lightweight distributed solution, presenting requirements, the component integration steps, and the experiences using a pilot system for tests with large-scale simulations. The system leverages existing technologies wherever possible, minimizing the need for software development, and deploys only non-intrusive components at the participating sites. The pilot proved that integrating existing components can dramatically reduce the effort needed to build and operate a distributed e-infrastructure, making it attainable even for smaller research collaborations.
The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Tools for Data Quality Assessment
Authors: Scheirich Daniel ,   on behalf of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter System
Published: August 2021

The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is the central part of the hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment and provides important information for reconstruction of hadrons, jets, hadronic decays of tau leptons and missing transverse energy. The readout is segmented into nearly 10000 channels that are calibrated by means of Cesium source, laser, charge injection, and integratorbased systems.
The data quality (DQ) relies on extensive monitoring of both collision and calibration data. Automated checks are performed on a set of pre-defined histograms and results are summarized in dedicated web pages. A set of tools is then used by the operators for further inspection of the acquired data with the goal of spotting the origins of problems or other irregularities. Consequently, the TileCal conditions data (calibration constants, channel statuses etc) are updated in databases that are used for the data-reprocessing, or serve as an important input for the maintenance works during the shutdown periods. This talk reviews the software tools used for the DQ monitoring with emphasis on recent developments aiming to integrate all tools into a single platform.
Event vertex reconstruction with deep neural networks for the DarkSide-20k experiment
Authors: Goicoechea-Casanueva Victor , Kish Alexander , Maricic Jelena ,   on behalf of the DarkSide collaboration
Published: August 2021

While deep learning techniques are becoming increasingly more popular in high-energy and, since recently, neutrino experiments, they are less confidently used in direct dark matter searches based on dual-phase noble gas TPCs optimized for low-energy signals from particle interactions.In the present study, the application of modern deep learning methods for event vertex reconstruction is demonstrated with an example of the 50-tonne liquid argon DarkSide-20k TPC with 8200 photosensors.The developed methods successfully reconstruct event positions within sub-cm precision and apply to any dual-phase argon or xenon TPC of arbitrary size with any sensor shape and array pattern.
Phosphataufnahme durch auf dem deutschen Markt befindliche Alleinfutter und Nierendiäten für Hunde und Katzen
Authors: Dobenecker Britta 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel Da die Höhe der Aufnahme an Gesamtphosphor sowie speziell hochlöslichem und damit hochverfügbarem Phosphor mit der Nahrung Effekte auf gesunde und niereninsuffiziente Hunde und Katzen haben kann, wurden auf dem deutschen Markt erhältliche Alleinfuttermittel sowie Alleinfuttermittel für Katzen bzw. Hunde mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz analysiert.Material und Methoden Bei 133 Alleinfuttermitteln für gesunde Hunde und Katzen (Alleinfuttermittel), 8 Ergänzungsfuttermitteln (Snacks) sowie 43 Diätalleinfuttermitteln für niereninsuffiziente Hunde und Katzen (Diätfuttermittel) wurden die Gehalte an Gesamtphosphor und an Phosphor, der nach 1 Minute in Wasser löslich ist (Psol1), analysiert.Ergebnisse Die Alleinfuttermittel deckten die empfohlene Tagesaufnahme an Phosphor zu 90–740 %. Mehr als 90 % der Produkte lieferten mehr als das Doppelte des Bedarfs; bei 5 Hundefuttern wurde sogar die maximal empfohlene Phosphormenge überschritten. Bei fast 75 % der Produkte war die empfohlene Tagesmenge an Phosphor allein durch Psol1 erreicht. Mehr als die Hälfte der Diätfuttermittel enthielten mindestens das Doppelte der für gesunde Tiere empfohlenen Tagesmenge an Phosphor und überschritten damit auch die maximal erlaubten Phosphorgehalte gemäß geltender Rechtsvorgaben (VO [EU] 2020/354). Der Anteil an Psol1 überschritt selbst bei den Nierendiäten z. T. die Versorgungsempfehlung für die Tagesgesamtmenge an diesem Element für gesunde Tiere.Schlussfolgerung Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass nicht nur bei Alleinfuttermitteln, sondern auch bei Diätfuttermitteln für niereninsuffiziente Patienten die Konzentration an Gesamtphosphor bzw. hoch verfügbarem Phosphor bei vielen Produkten deutlich bis massiv oberhalb der empfohlenen bzw. rechtlich vorgegebenen Werte liegt. Damit dürfte eine hohe Anzahl der Produkte nicht den Erwartungen von Patientenbesitzern und Tiermedizinern entsprechen.
Use of stents in patients undergoing chemotherapy for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer-causing biliary obstruction while awaiting surgery: A cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Almadi Majid A. , Gardner Timothy B. , Chen Yen-I , Adam Viviane , Barkun Jeffrey , Barkun Alan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Biliary stenting is indicated to relieve obstruction from borderline resectable pancreatic cancer while patients receive preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. We compared the cost-effectiveness of plastic versus metal biliary stenting in this setting.
Methods A decision tree analysis compares two competing types of biliary stents (initially metal vs. initially plastic) to treat malignant distal biliary obstruction while receiving neoadjuvant therapy with different scenarios including possible complications as bridge till the patient undergoes curative surgical attempt. Using published information, effectiveness was chosen as the probability of successfully reaching a state of being ready for surgery once chemotherapy was completed. Costs (2018 US$) were based on national data. A third-party payer perspective was adopted, and sensitivity analyses were performed over a time-horizon of one year.
Results Initially inserting a metal versus a plastic biliary stent was more efficacious with a higher probability of reaching the readiness for surgery endpoint (96 % vs. 85 %), on average 18 days earlier while also being less expensive (US$ 9,304 vs. US$ 11,538). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of these results across varying probability assumptions of plausible ranges and remained a dominant strategy even when lowering the willingness-to-pay threshold to US$ 1,000.
Conclusions Initial metal stenting to relieve malignant biliary obstruction from borderline resectable pancreatic cancer in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgery is a dominant intervention in economic terms, when compared to initially inserting a plastic biliary stent as it results in a greater proportion of patients being fit for surgery earlier and at a lower cost.
Risk of adverse events associated with upper and lower endoscopic ultrasound: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Razik Roshan , James Paul D. , Khan Rishad , Maxwell Courtney , Ruan Yibing , Forbes Nauzer , Williams Anita , Tanyingoh Divine , Brenner Darren R. , Kaplan Gilaad G. , Hilsden Robert J. , Heitman Steven J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and study aim Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) enables diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic interventions but is associated with adverse events. We conducted a population-based cohort study to determine the risk of adverse events for upper and lower EUS with and without fine-needle aspiration (FNA).
Patients and methods All adults who underwent EUS and resided in Calgary in 2007–2013 were included. Endoscopy and provincial databases were used to identify EUS procedures, unplanned emergency department visits, and hospital admissions within 30 days of the procedures, which were then characterized through formal chart review. Adverse events were defined a priori and classified as definitely, possibly, or not related to EUS. The primary outcome was 30-day risk of adverse events classified as definitely or possibly related to EUS. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted with risk factors known to be associated with EUS adverse events.
Results 2895 patients underwent 3552 EUS procedures: 3034 (85 %) upper EUS, of which 710 (23 %) included FNA, and 518 (15 %) lower EUS, of which 23 (4 %) involved FNA. Overall, 69 procedures (2 %) involved an adverse event that was either definitely or possibly related to EUS, with 33 (1 %) requiring hospitalization. None of the adverse events required intensive care or resulted in death. On multivariable analysis, only FNA was associated with increased risk of adverse events (odds ratio 6.43, 95 % confidence interval 3.92–10.55; P < 0.001).
Conclusion Upper and lower EUS were generally safe but FNA substantially increased the risk of adverse events. EUS-related complications requiring hospitalization were rare.
Economic burden of enhanced practices of duodenoscopes reprocessing and surveillance: balancing risk and cost containment
Authors: Bomman Shivanand , Kozarek Richard A. , Thaker Adarsh M. , Kodama Camilla , Muthusamy V. Raman , Ross Andrew S. , Krishnamoorthi Rajesh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and study aims Recent outbreaks attributed to contaminated duodenoscopes have led to the development of enhanced surveillance and reprocessing techniques (enhanced-SRT) aimed at minimizing cross-contamination. Common enhanced-SRT include double high-level disinfection (HLD), ethylene oxide (EtO) gas sterilization, and culture-based monitoring of reprocessed scopes. Adoption of these methods adds to the operational costs and we aimed to assess its economic impact to an institution.Methods We compared the estimated costs of three enhanced-SRT versus single-HLD using data from two institutions. We examined the cost of capital measured as scope inventory and frequency of scope use per unit time, the constituent reprocessing costs required on a per-cycle basis, and labor & staffing needs. The economic impact attributable to enhanced-SRT was defined as the difference between the total cost of enhanced-SRT and single HLD.Results Compared to single HLD, adoption of double HLD increased the costs approximately by 47 % ($80 vs $118). Similarly, culture and quarantine and EtO sterilization increased costs by 160 % and 270 %, respectively ($80 vs $208 and $296). Enhanced-SRT introduced significant scope downtime due to prolonged techniques, necessitating a 3.4-fold increase in the number of scopes needed to maintain procedural volume. The additional annual budget required to implement enhanced-SRT approached $406,000 per year in high-volume centers.Conclusions While enhanced-SRT may reduce patient risk of exposure to contaminated duodenoscopes, it significantly increases the cost of performing ERCP. Future innovation should focus on approaches that can ensure patient safety while maintaining the ability to perform ERCP in a cost-effective manner.
In vitro evaluation of potential interference of lokivetmab with protein electrophoresis and immunofixation
Authors: Apostolopoulos Neoklis , Mitropoulou Athanasia , Foerster Gesine , Failing Klaus , Moritz Andreas , Mayer Ursula 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective In humans, misdiagnoses of monoclonal gammopathy after use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies has been documented. This triggers concerns for similar misdiagnoses in animals treated with monoclonal antibodies. The aim of this study was to evaluate if lokivetmab interferes with serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis in dogs.
Material and methods Residual sera from 25 client-owned, healthy blood donor dogs from 2 veterinary hospitals in Germany were used. The residual sera were analysed with serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis before and after being spiked with lokivetmab at a concentration of 10 µg/ml (corresponding to the mean peak serum concentration after a subcutaneous injection of 2 mg/kg lokivetmab).
Results No monoclonal gammopathy was observed on serum protein electrophoresis and all proteins had a normal distribution pattern without any pathologic bands on immunofixation electrophoresis. The absolute γ-globulin values of spiked samples, however, were significantly higher than in the native sera although they remained within the reference interval. No other globulin fractions were significantly different.
Conclusion and clinical relevance This study suggests that lokivetmab at a dose of 2 mg/kg is not detected as a monoclonal peak on serum protein electrophoresis or immunofixation electrophoresis, and thus is unlikely to lead to a misdiagnosis of other diseases that are characterised by monoclonal gammopathies.
Bestätigte West-Nil-Virus-Infektion bei einem Pferd mit minimalen neurologischen Symptomen und günstigem klinischem Verlauf
Authors: Trachsel Dagmar S. , Drozdzewska Karolina , Bergmann Felicitas , Ziegler Ute , Gehlen Heidrun 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDas West-Nil-Virus (WNV) ist ein von Mücken übertragenes virales Pathogen mit weltweiter Bedeutung und eines der am meisten verbreiteten Flaviviren. Infektionen mit dem WNV wurden erstmalig im Jahr 2018 in Deutschland nachgewiesen und sind aufgrund der zunehmend milderen Winter mit feuchtwarmem Frühjahr in Zukunft häufiger zu erwarten. Das WNV zirkuliert hauptsächlich in einem enzootischen Zyklus zwischen ornithophilen Mücken und bestimmten Wildvogelarten. Menschen und Pferde sind Fehlwirte („dead-end hosts”) einer WNV-Infektion, erkranken häufig nicht, doch können einige von ihnen nach Viruskontakt milde fieberhafte Symptome (sog. „West-Nil-Fieber“) bis hin zu schweren Gehirnentzündungen mit tödlichem Ausgang entwickeln. Deshalb ist es wichtig, die klinischen Symptome beim Pferd zu kennen und von anderen Differenzialdiagnosen zu unterscheiden. Im Fokus dieses Fallberichts steht daher, weniger bekannte Symptome einer WNV-Infektion wie unspezifisches Fieber, Anorexie oder kolikähnliche Symptome konkret aufzuzeigen. Weiterhin werden mögliche Differenzialdiagnosen erläutert und durchgeführte Therapien dargelegt. Zudem wurde der Verlauf des Titers neutralisierender Antikörper nach einer Feldinfektion über mehrere Monate verfolgt. Auch 7 Monate nach der Infektion lag der Titer noch auf einem hohen Niveau. Anschließend konnte nach einmaliger WNV-Impfung eine sehr gute immunologische Reaktion nachgewiesen werden.
Risikofaktoren für Schwanzverletzungen bei nicht kupierten Mastschweinen
Authors: Glatzle Megan 
Published: August 2021

Sell A, Vidondo B, Wechsler B et al. Risk factors for tail lesions in undocked fattening pigs reared on Swiss farms. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2020; 162 (11): 683–695
Schwanzbeißen beim Schwein stellt ein multifaktorielles Problem mit hoher Tierschutz- und wirtschaftlicher Relevanz dar. In der Schweiz ist präventives Kupieren der Schwänze verboten, allerdings ist wenig über die Prävalenz von Schwanzverletzungen bekannt. Ziel der Studie war daher, die Prävalenz und Inzidenz von Schwanzverletzungen bei Mastschweinen in Schweizer Schweinebeständen zu beschreiben, dahingehende Risikofaktoren zu identifizieren und die Einstellung der Schweinehalter zur Problematik zu evaluieren.