bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of cancer and the benign call rate of afirma gene classifier in 18F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography positive cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules
Authors: Endo Mayumi , Sipos Jennifer A. , Ringel Matthew D. , Porter Kyle , Nagaraja Haikady N. , Phay John E. , Shirley Lawrence A. , Long Clarine , Wright Chadwick L. , Roll Katie , Nabhan Fadi A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground18 F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) positive (PET+) cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) have variable cancer risk in the literature. The benign call rate (BCR) of Afirma Gene Classifier (Gene Expression Classifier, GEC, or Genome Sequence Classifier, GSC) in (PET +) ITNs is unknown.MethodsThis is a retrospective study at our institution of all patients with (PET+) ITNs (Bethesda III/IV) from 1 January 2010 to 21 May 2019 who underwent Afirma testing and/or surgery or repeat FNA with benign cytology.ResultsForty‐five (PET+) ITNs were identified: 31 Afirma‐tested (GEC = 20, GSC = 11) and 14 either underwent surgery (n = 13) or repeat FNA (Benign cytology) (n = 1) without Afirma. The prevalence of cancer and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP) including only resected nodules and ITN with repeat benign FNA (n = 33) was 36.4% (12/33). Excluding all Afirma “suspicious” non‐resected ITNs and assuming all Afirma “benign” ITNs were truly benign, that prevalence was 28.6% (12/42). The BCR with GSC was 64% compared to 25% with GEC (p = 0.056). Combining GSC/GEC‐tested ITNs, the BCR was higher in ITNs demonstrating low/very low‐risk sonographic pattern by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) classification and ITNs scoring <4 by the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (ACR‐TI‐RADS) than ITNs with higher sonographic pattern/score (p = 0.025).ConclusionsThe prevalence of cancer/NIFTP in (PET+) ITNs was 28.6–36.4% depending on the method of calculation. The BCR of Afirma GSC was 64%. Combining Afirma GEC/GSC‐tested ITNs, BCR was higher in ITNs with a lower risk sonographic pattern.
Validity of the prognostication tool PREDICT version 2.2 in Japanese breast cancer patients
Authors: Zaguirre Karen , Kai Masaya , Kubo Makoto , Yamada Mai , Kurata Kanako , Kawaji Hitomi , Kaneshiro Kazuhisa , Harada Yurina , Hayashi Saori , Shimazaki Akiko , Morisaki Takafumi , Mori Hitomi , Oda Yoshinao , Chen Sanmei , Moriyama Taiki , Shimizu Shuji , Nakamura Masafumi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionPREDICT is a prognostication tool that calculates the potential benefit of various postsurgical treatments on the overall survival (OS) of patients with nonmetastatic invasive breast cancer. Once patient, tumor, and treatment details have been entered, the tool will show the estimated 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐year OS outcomes, both with and without adjuvant therapies. This study aimed to conduct an external validation of the prognostication tool PREDICT version 2.2 by evaluating its predictive accuracy of the 5‐ and 10‐year OS outcomes among female patients with nonmetastatic invasive breast cancer in Japan.MethodsAll female patients diagnosed from 2001 to 2013 with unilateral, nonmetastatic, invasive breast cancer and had undergone surgical treatment at Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan, were selected. Observed and predicted 5‐ and 10‐year OS rates were analyzed for the validation population and the subgroups. Calibration and discriminatory accuracy were assessed using Chi‐squared goodness‐of‐fit test and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 636 eligible cases were selected from 1, 213 records. Predicted and observed OS differed by 0.9% (p = 0.322) for 5‐year OS, and 2.4% (p = 0.086) for 10‐year OS. Discriminatory accuracy results for 5‐year (AUC = 0.707) and 10‐year (AUC = 0.707) OS were fairly well.ConclusionPREDICT tool accurately estimated the 5‐ and 10‐year OS in the overall Japanese study population. However, caution should be used for interpretation of the 5‐year OS outcomes in patients that are ≥65 years old, and also for the 10‐year OS outcomes in patients that are ≥65 years old, those with histologic grade 3 and Luminal A tumors, and in those considering ETx or no systemic treatment.
Ligand Binding to Dynamically Populated G‐Quadruplex DNA
Authors: Aznauryan Mikayel , Noer Sofie Louise , Pedersen Camilla W. , Mergny Jean‐Louis , Teulade‐Fichou Marie‐Paule , Birkedal Victoria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSeveral small‐molecule ligands specifically bind and stabilize G‐quadruplex (G4) nucleic acid structures, which are considered to be promising therapeutic targets. G4s are polymorphic structures of varying stability, and their formation is dynamic. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of ligand binding to dynamically populated human telomere G4 DNA by using the bisquinolinium based ligand Phen‐DC3 and a combination of single‐molecule FRET microscopy, ensemble FRET and CD spectroscopies. Different cations are used to tune G4 polymorphism and folding dynamics. We find that ligand binding occurs to pre‐folded G4 structures and that Phen‐DC3 also induces G4 formation in unfolded single strands. Following ligand binding to dynamically populated G4s, the DNA undergoes pronounced conformational redistributions that do not involve direct ligand‐induced G4 conformational interconversion. On the contrary, the redistribution is driven by ligand‐induced G4 folding and trapping of dynamically populated short‐lived conformation states. Thus, ligand‐induced stabilization does not necessarily require the initial presence of stably folded G4s.
Paraneoplastic giant cell arteritis and prostate cancer: A case report of a not common association
Authors: Figueiredo Cátia , Amaral Marta , Rodrigues Élio , Silva Rui , Vilão Óscar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGCA is not always a linear diagnosis. Rarely reported as a paraneoplastic condition when associated with solid tumors, the available cases are associated with poor response to corticosteroids.
Evaluation of Supercritical Technology for the Preparation of Nanomedicine: Etoricoxib Analysis
Authors: Pishnamazi Mahboubeh , Zabihi Samyar , Jamshidian Sahar , Lashkarbolooki Mostafa , Borousan Fatemeh , Marjani Azam 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe solubility of etoricoxib in supercritical CO2 was measured using a gravimetric method in a wide range of pressures and temperatures. A pressure‐volume‐temperature (PVT) cell was designed and used. Different solubility values were obtained between 2.34 × 10−5 and 7.96 × 10−4 mol mol−1, depending on the applied pressure and temperature. Analyzing the solubility curves revealed that the pressure had a direct effect on the solubility of etoricoxib at all temperatures, while the effect of the temperature was dependent on the crossover point in the solubility curve. Indeed, before reaching the crossover point, the solubility decreased with increasing temperature, and after the crossover point, a direct relationship was observed between the solubility and the temperature. As such, the lowest solubility was obtained at 120 bar and 338 K.
Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Diorganozinc Reagents to Pyrazole‐4,5‐Diones and Indoline‐2,3‐Diones
Authors: Wang Rong‐Hui , Li Ya‐Ling , He Hong‐Jiao , Xiao You‐Cai , Chen Fen‐Er 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe catalytic enantioselective diorganozinc additions to cyclic diketones including pyrazolin‐4,5‐diones and isatins have been developed. In the presence of morpholine‐containing chiral amino alcohol ligand, the corresponding chiral cyclic tertiary alcohols were produced in good to excellent yields (up to 97 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 95 % ee). The notable feature of this protocol includes its mild reaction conditions, Lewis acid additives free and broad functional group tolerance.
A Nickel(II)‐Mediated Thiocarbonylation Strategy for Carbon Isotope Labeling of Aliphatic Carboxamides
Authors: Pedersen Simon S. , Donslund Aske S. , Mikkelsen Jesper H. , Bakholm Oskar S. , Papp Florian , Jensen Kim B. , Gustafsson Magnus B. F. , Skrydstrup Troels 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA series of pharmaceutically relevant small molecules and biopharmaceuticals bearing aliphatic carboxamides have been successfully labeled with carbon‐13. Key to the success of this novel carbon isotope labeling technique is the observation that 13C‐labeled NiII‐acyl complexes, formed from a 13CO insertion step with NiII‐alkyl intermediates, rapidly react in less than one minute with 2,2’‐dipyridyl disulfide to quantitatively form the corresponding 2‐pyridyl thioesters. Either the use of 13C‐SilaCOgen or 13C‐COgen allows for the stoichiometric addition of isotopically labeled carbon monoxide. Subsequent one‐pot acylation of a series of structurally diverse amines provides the desired 13C‐labeled carboxamides in good yields. A single electron transfer pathway is proposed between the NiII‐acyl complexes and the disulfide providing a reactive NiIII‐acyl sulfide intermediate, which rapidly undergoes reductive elimination to the desired thioester. By further optimization of the reaction parameters, reaction times down to only 11 min were identified, opening up the possibility of exploring this chemistry for carbon‐11 isotope labeling. Finally, this isotope labeling strategy could be adapted to the synthesis of 13C‐labeled liraglutide and insulin degludec, representing two antidiabetic drugs.
The emotional design of product color: An eye movement and event‐related potentials study
Authors: Ding Man , Song Meijia , Pei Huining , Cheng Yu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIt is the key to accurately obtain participants' emotional responses to product color for the product color emotional design. However, traditional research rarely studies participant's internal emotion cognition and changing mechanism. In this article, a color emotional design method based on eye movements and event‐related potentials is proposed. Participative behavior experiment, eye movement, and event‐related potentials were carried out. Participants evaluated the electric iron pictures with different color layout and color number to obtain participants' participative feelings before eye movement and ERPs experiment. The results showed that three‐color samples were more popular than two‐color samples, and the participants' emotions were more positive when the color blocks were evenly distributed. The larger the pupil diameter in the eye movement data, the more positive the participants felt. Participants responded quickly to positive and negative stimuli when shown the two‐color samples, and the average amplitude of the early components P1 and N2 exhibited significant changes. For the three‐color samples, the average amplitude changes of positive and neutral states of participants mainly occurred in N2 and P3 components. However, there were no significant changes in the negative state. The combination of participative and objective methods is expected to offer an important basis for the research of color emotional design method based on color layout and color number, and to provide reliable indicators for the future analysis of physiological data and product color evaluation models.
Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting on Nickel‐Doped Cobalt Phosphate by Modulating both Charge Transfer and Oxygen Evolution Efficiencies
Authors: Fan Yiping , Ning Xingming , Zhang Qi , Zhao Huihuan , Liu Jia , Du Peiyao , Lu Xiaoquan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDetrimental charge recombination at photoanode/electrolyte junctions severely impedes photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. The deposition of cobalt phosphate (CoPi) onto photoanodes is an efficient approach to achieve high PEC efficiency. However, achieving performances at the required remains a huge challenge, owing to the passivation effect of CoPi. In this study, function‐tunable strategy, whereby the passivation role is switched with the activation role, is exploited to modulate PEC performance through simultaneous activation of interface charge transfer and surface catalysis. By depositing nickel‐doped CoPi onto a BiVO4 (BV) substrate, the integrated system (BV/Ni1Co7Pi) exhibits a remarkable photocurrent density (4.15 mA cm−2), which is a 4.6‐fold increase relative to BV (0.90 mA cm−2). Moreover, the satisfactory performance can be also achieved on α‐Fe2O3 photoanode. These findings provide guidance for improving the efficiency of CoPi on photoanodes for PEC water oxidation.
Multiple‐load wireless power transmission system through time‐division multiplexed resonators
Authors: Ghotbi Iman , Sarfaraz Hossein 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThis paper presents a wireless power transmission system which is able to deliver power to multiple loads by making use of a time‐division multiplexing technique. Similar loads are placed into the slots in a row, and two power transmitters, at the bottom and top, supply them with sufficient amount of power. This system operates in two phases; within one phase, the transmitters are in‐phase, and the resonators placed in odd slots are unloaded and act as power repeaters, and the resonators placed in even slots receive power. In the other phase, the transmitters are out‐of‐phase, and the resonators placed in odd slots receive power while others behave as repeaters. An optimization process is developed in order to find the optimum number of loads so that the required voltage is provided for each load while the headroom voltage of the transmitters does not increase considerably. An optimized seven‐load system is implemented for powering 82‐Ω loads with 2 W. Experimental results show that at least rectified voltage of 4.3 V is provided for each load, which is enough for typical lithium‐ion battery chargers.
Development and validation of a high‐parameter mass cytometry workflow to decipher immunomodulatory changes in celiac disease
Authors: Estevam Jose , Krutzik Peter , Vander Tuig Jason , McAuliffe William J. , Smithson Glennda 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe advent of time‐of‐flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) has enabled high dimensional and unbiased examination of the immune system to simultaneous interrogate a multitude of parameters and gain a better understanding of immunologic data from clinical trial samples. Here we describe the development and validation of a 33‐marker mass cytometry workflow for measuring gastrointestinal (GI) trafficking peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with celiac disease (CeD). This panel builds upon identification of well‐characterized immune cells and expands to include markers modulated in response to gluten challenge in patients with CeD. The CeD panel was optimized and validated according to accepted industry practice for validation of flow cytometry assays and builds upon established sample processing workflows for mass cytometry studies. Several critical parameters were evaluated during the assay development phase of this study including optimization of the sample processing steps, antibody specificity, and ensuring the panel as a whole performed to expectation. The panel was then validated using a fit‐for‐purpose approach tailored to the intended use of the data in the clinical trial. Validation included assessment of analytical parameters essential to understanding the reliability and robustness of the CeD panel such as intra‐assay precision, inter‐assay precision, inter‐operator precision and sample processing stability. Together, this validated mass cytometry workstream provides robust and reproducible high‐dimensional analysis of human peripheral blood immune cells to characterize patient samples from clinical trials.
Behavioral impact of experience based on environmental enrichment: Influence of age and duration of exposure in male NMRI mice
Authors: Mesa‐Gresa Patricia , Ramos‐Campos Marta , Redolat Rosa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPrior studies have suggested that short periods of exposure to environmental enrichment (EE) in rodents induce physiological and behavioral effects. In the present study, our aim was to evaluate if the impact of experiences based on EE could be modulated by the age of onset and the developmental period of exposure. NMRI male mice (n = 64) were exposed to EE or standard environment (SE) and behavioral changes (anxiety, exploration, memory and social interaction) were evaluated. Groups compared were: (a) SE: exposure to SE on post‐natal day (PND) 28 and lasting 6 months; (b) EE‐6: exposure to EE on PND 28 and lasting 6 months; (c) EE‐4: exposure to EE on PND 91 and lasting 4 months; (d) EE‐2: exposure to EE on PND 154 and lasting 2 months. Results indicated that in the hole‐board task the decrease in exploratory behavior reached significance when EE was initiated at adolescence whereas anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus‐maze tend to diminish after a longer period of EE. No significant effects of EE on aggressive behavior or novel object recognition were obtained. Taking these results into account, further studies are needed in order to determine the possible modulating role of age and duration of exposure to enriched environments on behavior. Results obtained could explain some discrepancies reported in previous studies, providing new evidence that could contribute to the design of future research related to the benefits of complex and enriched environments.
Spontaneous synchronous network activity in the neonatal development of mPFC in mice
Authors: Pires Johny , Nelissen Rosalie , Mansvelder Huibert D. , Meredith Rhiannon M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSpontaneous Synchronous Network Activity (SSA) is a hallmark of neurodevelopment found in numerous central nervous system structures, including neocortex. SSA occurs during restricted developmental time‐windows, commonly referred to as critical periods in sensory neocortex. Although part of the neocortex, the critical period for SSA in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the underlying mechanisms for generation and propagation are unknown. Using Ca2+ imaging and whole‐cell patch‐clamp in an acute mPFC slice mouse model, the development of spontaneous activity and SSA was investigated at cellular and network levels during the two first postnatal weeks. The data revealed that developing mPFC neuronal networks are spontaneously active and exhibit SSA in the first two postnatal weeks, with peak synchronous activity at postnatal days (P)8–9. Networks remain active but are desynchronized by the end of this 2‐week period. SSA was driven by excitatory ionotropic glutamatergic transmission with a small contribution of excitatory GABAergic transmission at early time points. The neurohormone oxytocin desynchronized SSA in the first postnatal week only without affecting concurrent spontaneous activity. By the end of the second postnatal week, inhibiting GABAA receptors restored SSA. These findings point to the emergence of GABAA receptor‐mediated inhibition as a major factor in the termination of SSA in mouse mPFC.
The occurrence of non‐anatomical therapeutic chemical‐international nonproprietary name molecules in suspected illegal or illegally traded health products in Europe: A retrospective and prospective study
Authors: Deconinck Eric , Vanhee Celine , Keizers Peter , Guinot Pauline , Mihailova Albena , Syversen Per Vidar , Li‐Ship Graziella , Young Steven , Blazewicz Agata , Poplawska Magdalena , Al‐Sayed Josephine Loasby , Stengelshøj Olsen Lone , el‐Atma Oliver , Leist Roman , Jönsson Karl‐Henrik , Afxentiou Maria , Barrios M. Mendoza , Diaz I. Dorronsoro , Zemser Marina , Kozokin Alla , Hackl Andreas , Portela Maria‐Jao , Beerbaum Nico , Bertrand Marie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe General European Official Medicines Control Laboratory (OMCL) Network (GEON), co‐ordinated by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM), regularly organises market surveillance studies on specific categories of suspected illegal or illegally traded products. These studies are generally based on a combination of retrospective and prospective data collection over a defined period of time. This paper reports the results of the most recent study in this context with the focus on health products containing non‐Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical‐International Nonproprietary Name (ATC‐INN) molecules. In total 1104 cases were reported by 16 countries for the period between January 2017 and the end of September 2019. The vast majority of these samples (83%) were collected from the illegal market, while only 3% originated from a legal source. For the rest of the samples, categorisation was not possible. Moreover, 69% of all the reported samples were presented as medicines, including sexual performance enhancers, sports performance enhancers, physical performance enhancers and cognitive enhancers or nootropic molecules that act on the central nervous system (CNS). Although the popularity of anabolics, PDE‐5 inhibitors and CNS drugs in illegal products has already been reported, the study showed some new trends and challenges. Indeed, 11% of the samples contained molecules of biological origin, that is, research peptides, representing the second most reported category in this study. Furthermore, the study also clearly shows the increasing popularity of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators and nootropics, two categories that need attention and should be further monitored.
Implications of genetic heterogeneity for plant translocation during ecological restoration
Authors: Crow Taylor M. , Buerkle C. Alex , Runcie Daniel E. , Hufford Kristina M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEcological restoration often requires translocating plant material from distant sites. Importing suitable plant material is important for successful establishment and persistence. Yet, published guidelines for seed transfer are available for very few species. Accurately predicting how transferred plants will perform requires multiyear and multi‐environment field trials and comprehensive follow‐up work, and is therefore infeasible given the number of species used in restoration programs. Alternative methods to predict the outcomes of seed transfer are valuable for species without published guidelines. In this study, we analyzed the genetic structure of an important shrub used in ecological restoration in the Southern Rocky Mountains called alder‐leaf mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus). We sequenced DNA from 1,440 plants in 48 populations across a broad geographic range. We found that genetic heterogeneity among populations reflected the complex climate and topography across which the species is distributed. We identified temperature and precipitation variables that were useful predictors of genetic differentiation and can be used to generate seed transfer recommendations. These results will be valuable for defining management and restoration practices for mountain mahogany.