bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postbürokratie und die agile Unsicherheitsabsorption in Interaktionen
Authors: Eckstein Bernd , Muster Judith 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag in der Zeitschrift GIO schlägt eine äquivalenzfunktionalistische Perspektive auf postbürokratische Reformen vor, die Teile der Unsicherheitsabsorption von Organisationen in Interaktionssysteme verlagern. Postbürokratie versucht, organisationale und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts auf den Begriff zu bringen. Auch aktuelle agile Managementkonzepte lassen sich der Postbürokratie zuordnen und zeichnen sich unter anderem durch eine Multiplikation von Interaktionen aus. Mithilfe der Theorie sozialer Systeme untersuchen wir wie neue Unsicherheiten in Organisationen durch postbürokratische Reformen entstehen und von agilen Managementkonzepten bearbeitet werden. An den agilen Konzepten Scrum und Holacracy wird gezeigt, dass diese Verlagerung neuen Formalisierungsbedarf produziert. Im Fokus stehen dabei die Zentrierungen kommunikativer Interdependenzen in Interaktionen in der Sach‑, Zeit- und Sozialdimension. Der Beitrag plädiert für eine äquivalenzfunktionalistische Perspektive auf Postbürokratie, die den Zusammenhang von Formalisierungsverzicht in Organisationen und neuen Formalisierungsbedarfen als funktionalen Leistungszusammenhang begreift.
Vom Paradox zur Resilienz in der Krise: Ein Modell für erfolgreiches Krisenmanagement
Authors: Sparr Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungIn diesem konzeptuellen Beitrag für die Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. wird erfolgreiches Krisenmanagement als Weg von paradoxen Spannungen in der Krise zur Resilienz der Organisation beschrieben. Widersprüchliche und doch miteinander verbundene Interessen, Bedürfnisse und Anforderungen in der aktuellen COVID-19 Pandemie dienen als Beispiele. Das Modell betont die Rolle eines paradoxen Mindsets, welches Führungskräften, Entscheidern und Betroffenen ermöglicht, paradoxe Spannungen als solche zu erkennen, anzunehmen und die Chancen im „sowohl-als auch“ (im Gegensatz zu „entweder-oder“) zu finden. Das paradoxe Mindset fördert die Auseinandersetzung mit den Spannungen in einem wiederkehrenden Prozess des Sinnfindens und Sinnstiftens. Dieser Prozess stößt im Austausch mit den unterschiedlichen Stakeholdern die Entwicklung gemeinsamer „sowohl-als auch“ Denkmodelle, kreativer Herangehensweisen und schrittweisen Lernens an. Somit stärkt die paradoxe Sichtweise die Fähigkeit von Organisationen konstruktiv mit Herausforderungen umzugehen und diese in Chancen zu verwandeln – es macht sie resilienter. Der Beitrag schließt mit drei zusammenfassenden Empfehlungen für das Krisenmanagement.
miR-23a-3p regulates the inflammatory response and fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease by targeting early growth response 1
Authors: Sheng Shuyue , Zou Meina , Yang Yanlin , Guan Meiping , Ren Shijing , Wang Xiangyu , Wang Ling , Xue Yaoming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the most common cause of chronic kidney disease. Proteinuria is generally considered one of the clinical indicators of renal damage, and it is also closely related to the progression of DKD. Accumulating evidence indicates that proteinuria induces an upregulation of the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis markers in renal tubular epithelial cells, but the mechanism remains unclear. Previously, we showed that early growth response 1 (Egr1) played a key role in renal tubular injury. However, the upstream mechanism of Egr1 in the development of DKD is poorly understood. In this study, we found that albumin stimulation significantly increased the expression levels of Egr1, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and fibronectin (FN) in HK-2 cells but decreased miR-23a-3p levels. We then identified that miR-23a-3p targeted the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of Egr1 and directly suppressed the expression of Egr1. Moreover, we found that overexpression and inhibition of miR-23a-3p in HK-2 cells attenuated and promoted the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and FN, respectively. Additionally, Egr1 silencing reversed the inflammation and fibrosis caused by the miR-23a-3p inhibitor. Thus, we conclude that miR-23a-3p attenuates the development of DKD through Egr1, suggesting that targeting miR-23a-3p may be a novel therapeutic approach for DKD.
Problems with models assessing influences of tree size and inter-tree competitive processes on individual tree growth: a cautionary tale
Authors: West P. W. , Ratkowsky D. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn forest growing at any one site, the growth rate of an individual tree is determined principally by its size, which reflects its metabolic capacity, and by competition from neighboring trees. Competitive effects of a tree may be proportional to its size; such competition is termed ‘symmetric’ and generally involves competition below ground for nutrients and water from the soil. Competition may also be ‘asymmetric’, where its effects are disproportionate to the size of the tree; this generally involves competition above ground for sunlight, when larger trees shade smaller, but the reverse cannot occur. This work examines three model systems often seen as exemplars relating individual tree growth rates to tree size and both competitive processes. Data of tree stem basal area growth rates in plots of even-aged, monoculture forest of blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularisSmith) growing in sub-tropical eastern Australia were used to test these systems. It was found that none could distinguish between size and competitive effects at any time in any one stand and, thus, allow quantification of the contribution of each to explaining tree growth rates. They were prevented from doing so both by collinearity between the terms used to describe each of the effects and technical problems involved in the use of nonlinear least-squares regression to fit the models to any one data set. It is concluded that quite new approaches need to be devised if the effects on tree growth of tree size and competitive processes are to be quantified and modelled successfully.
Update zur Extrakorporalen Photopherese
Authors: Knobler R. , Valero T. , Just U. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungVor über 30 Jahren wurde ein von der PUVA abgeleitetes Therapiekonzept zur Behandlung von therapierefraktären kutanen T‑Zell-Lymphomen (CTCL), insbesondere dem Sézary-Syndrom, entwickelt. R. Edelson hat Leukapherese mit Photochemotherapie verbunden, wodurch Zellen des peripheren Blutes extrakorporal nach Photosensibilisierung mittels Psoralen mit UVA-Licht bestrahlt und anschließend rückinfundiert werden. Im Jahr 1987 wurde dieses neue Behandlungskonzept mit dem Namen extrakorporale Photopherese (ECP) erstmals publiziert. Nach den ersten positiven Erfahrungen mit CTCL wurde diese Behandlung bei weiteren Indikationen erfolgreich angewendet, darunter Erkrankungen wie akute und chronische Graft-versus-Host-Reaktion (GvHD), Sklerodermie sowie atopische Dermatitis (AD). Eine zunehmende Anwendung hat die ECP in den letzten Jahren in der Behandlung von akuten und chronischen Abstoßungsreaktionen nach Organtransplantation, insbesondere Herz- und Lungentransplantation, erhalten. Im Jahr 2021 gibt es über 200 Zentren weltweit, welche die ECP erfolgreich einsetzen.
Gamma Irradiation Effects on n-ZnSe/n-Si Isotype Heterojunctions
Authors: Vali Indudhar Panduranga , Keshav Rashmitha , Rajeshwari M. , Vaishnavi K. S. , Mahesha M. G. , Shetty Pramoda Kumara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo get an insight into the isotype heterojunction (IHJ) properties, the influence of gamma irradiation (GI) on the structural and electrical properties of n-ZnSe/n-Si has been presented. The ZnSe thin films were deposited onto the n-Si substrate by thermal evaporation technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed the nanocrystalline nature of ZnSe thin films with prominent (111) orientation. The gamma irradiated samples displayed no crystallographic phase transformation up to 10 kGy irradiation doses. But noticeable and inconsistent modifications in the different lattice parameters were observed due to irradiation-induced effects. From the analysis of I-V characteristics, it has been found a similar trend in the variation of lattice mismatch, Schottky barrier height and interface trap parameter at different irradiation doses. Thus demonstrating the poor rectification properties of n-ZnSe/n-Si IHJs due to intrinsic and gamma-induced defects, and their role in the space charge limited conduction (SCLC) mechanism that significantly dominating over the thermionic emission (TE) mechanism across the barrier.
Collecting and visualizing data lineage of Spark jobs
Authors: Schoenenwald Alexander , Kern Simon , Viehhauser Josef , Schildgen Johannes 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetadata management constitutes a key prerequisite for enterprises as they engage in data analytics and governance. Today, however, the context of data is often only manually documented by subject matter experts, and lacks completeness and reliability due to the complex nature of data pipelines. Thus, collecting data lineage—describing the origin, structure, and dependencies of data—in an automated fashion increases quality of provided metadata and reduces manual effort, making it critical for the development and operation of data pipelines. In our practice report, we propose an end-to-end solution that digests lineage via (Py‑)Spark execution plans. We build upon the open-source component Spline, allowing us to reliably consume lineage metadata and identify interdependencies. We map the digested data into an expandable data model, enabling us to extract graph structures for both coarse- and fine-grained data lineage. Lastly, our solution visualizes the extracted data lineage via a modern web app, and integrates with BMW Group’s soon-to-be open-sourced Cloud Data Hub.
The asymmetric nexus of entrepreneurship and environmental quality in a developing economy
Authors: Philip L. D. , Emir F. , Alola A. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn spite of the vital role entrepreneurship plays in an economy, recent observations especially from the perspective of climate-related economic activities are indications for the inclusive probe of other salient elements responsible for environmental challenges. Considering the aforementioned framework, therefore, this study explores the asymmetric impact of entrepreneurship on the environmental quality for a developing economy such as Turkey. In a unique dimension, this study utilizes the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model with the aid of yearly data from 1985–2016 while incorporating other related determinants of environmental sustainability. The estimation results depict the presence of asymmetric short-run and long-run impact of the explanatory variables on environmental quality. Interestingly, the results confirm a negative impact of entrepreneurial activities, energy utilization, financial development, and economic growth on the environmental quality irrespective of the nature (either positive or negative) of the shock in the short and long run. However, a positive (negative) shock in trade openness worsens (improve) environmental quality in the short and long run. Furthermore, the investigation affirms the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for Turkey. The main outcome from this paper shows that entrepreneurship has a crucial effect on the environment of Turkey. Generally, this study suggests the introduction of incentives to motivate the creation of sustainable businesses, technological innovation, and smart cities to mitigate its negative impact on the environment is far begging for critical attention in the country.
Religion: A resource in european climate politics? An examination of faith-based contributions to the climate policy discourse in the EU
Authors: Klinkenborg Hannah , Fuchs Doris 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecent research has considered the contribution of faith-based actors (FBAs) and religious norms to global sustainability and climate governance. However, as yet, it has paid little attention to the relationship between religion and climate politics in the EU. The EU is supposedly a secular body. Nevertheless, FBAs participate in its climate policy discourse, and, therefore, their normative contributions are of interest. In this article, therefore, we explore the role of FBAs in the EU climate discourse with respect to two specific questions: what, if any, specific normative arguments and claims do the FBAs contribute to the EU’s climate policy discourse; and, can or do the relevant normative arguments and claims serve as a basis for collaboration or are they a source of normative conflict between different FBAs or between FBAs and non-FBAs? To answer these questions, we draw on the EU’s transparency register and a content analysis of a specific dialogue between FBAs and the EU’s institutions. On this basis, we identified a range of active FBAs within EU climate politics and demonstrated that they contribute to the European climate discourse by adding deep-rooted values. One way this is achieved is through the connection of climate values to “creation” and the divine command to mankind which can give specific meaning to one’s understanding of nature and fellow humans, as well as one’s sense of responsibility towards both. Furthermore, we find a basis for both agreement and conflict in references to religious norms and ideas. Many actors from different faiths and secular backgrounds emphasize the compatibility of faith-based and other norms. However, other actors highlight differences in perspectives and challenges to climate governance that arise from “conservative” religious norms.
Gläubige Zweifler. Eine Fallanalyse zur medialen Inszenierung freikirchlicher Religiosität
Authors: Totaro Adrian 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungReligion wandelt in sich modernisierenden Gesellschaften ihre Form und wird zur Wahl; Gemeinden suchen in medialen Arrangements zunehmend nach Aufmerksamkeit. Im Zuge der Pluralisierung stehen sie vor zwei zentralen Herausforderungen: einerseits der Auseinandersetzung mit einer säkularen Gesellschaft und andererseits der Konkurrenz mit anderen Sinnanbietern. Der Beitrag diskutiert anhand eines exemplarischen Falls eine spezifisch kommunikative Problembearbeitung im religiösen Feld. Mit der Wissenssoziologischen Videohermeneutik wird das Webvideo einer christlich-freikirchlichen Gemeinde auf seine mediale Gestalt, das räumliche Setting und die darin körperlich und sprachlich vollzogene Handlung hin untersucht. Die Analyse rekonstruiert auf der medialen Ebene ein Wechselspiel zwischen vertrauten Formen massenmedialer Kommunikation und der Kreation von etwas Eigenem sowie inhaltlich die Auseinandersetzung zwischen Religion und Säkularität. Abschließend werden das dem Datum inhärente Inszenierungsmoment und der über den Fall hinausverweisende Inszenierungstypus eingeordnet.
A GPU-Based Kalman Filter for Track Fitting
Authors: Ai Xiaocong , Mania Georgiana , Gray Heather M. , Kuhn Michael , Styles Nicholas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractComputing centres, including those used to process High-Energy Physics data and simulations, are increasingly providing significant fractions of their computing resources through hardware architectures other than x86 CPUs, with GPUs being a common alternative. GPUs can provide excellent computational performance at a good price point for tasks that can be suitably parallelized. Charged particle (track) reconstruction is a computationally expensive component of HEP data reconstruction, and thus needs to use available resources in an efficient way. In this paper, an implementation of Kalman filter-based track fitting using CUDA and running on GPUs is presented. This utilizes the ACTS (A Common Tracking Software) toolkit; an open source and experiment-independent toolkit for track reconstruction. The implementation details and parallelization approach are described, along with the specific challenges for such an implementation. Detailed performance benchmarking results are discussed, which show encouraging performance gains over a CPU-based implementation for representative configurations. Finally, a perspective on the challenges and future directions for these studies is outlined. These include more complex and realistic scenarios which can be studied, and anticipated developments to software frameworks and standards which may open up possibilities for greater flexibility and improved performance.
Books (Are Not Like People): A Postdigital Fable
Authors: Costello Eamon , Soverino Tiziana , Girme Prajakta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhat are books? In 2054, where reading and writing have been banned, a scholar in a dystopian academy known as University V might legitimately pose such a question. This article uses speculative fiction as a form of narrative enquiry to explore the socio-materiality of the iconic educational artefact of the textbook. It gives an empirical account of socio-material practices of textbook use (and non-use) gathered from a series of interviews with online distance education students. We analyse these interviews via speculative fiction. We engage in a sense-making activity of the student testimony by narrating their story, via a scholar looking back at our times from a post-literature future. We seek to contribute to a relative dearth of future studies that use real student data. We give an example of how speculative fiction may be used as a form of research method to analyse and interpret such data. In so doing, we seek to cast a light on current educational practices, to show how books and people are entangled. As people, objects and spaces of education intertwine, they call our attention to the interplay of form and function. They decentre the human actor. We attempt to show how form legitimates certain types of knowledge, certain people, indeed people themselves from other non-human actors. We conclude that knowledge is not disembodied, is not stable and is not locked up in books. In our final analysis, we conclude what may seem obviously true, that books are not like people.
Effect of the Matric Potential on Growth and Water, Nitrate and Potassium Absorption of Vegetables under Soilless Culture
Authors: Peçanha Diego Alves , da Cunha-Chiamolera Tatiana Pagan Loeiro , Chourak Yasmina , Martínez-Rivera Evelynn Yoselinn , Urrestarazu Miguel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To exploit the full potential of plants, it is essential to provide an adequate water balance during critical growth stages. With knowledge of the substrate’s matric potential, it is possible to realistically measure the amount of water available to the plant. The objective of this research is to study the effect of the matric potential of the substrate on the growth of beans, lettuce, sweet peppers, watermelon, and cauliflower plants. The research goal was to evaluate the effect of the matric potential on the main fertigation parameters of horticultural plants. The plants were cultivated at the University of Almería (Spain) in a controlled chamber in a pot with 250 mL of coconut fiber substrate from block propagation. For treatments T15, T30, T45, and T60, new irrigation was applied when easily available water (EAW) depletion levels of 15, 30, 45, and 60% were reached, respectively. The efficiency of the use of water (WUE), nitrate (NUE), and potassium (KUE) was measured. From T15 to T60, a significant effect was found for the absorption of water, nitrate and potassium, WUE, NUE, and KUE. T60 reduced the plant growth by half. The largest growth was between 15 and 30% of the level of use of EAW. Two different models were constructed according to each plant. It is possible to have a small depletion in the available water and still have plant growth, if there is a balance between the air and water needs of the substrate.
Guiding principles to maintain public trust in the use of mobile operator data for policy purposes
Authors: Jansen Ronald , Kovacs Karoly , Esko Siim , Saluveer Erki , Sõstra Kaja , Bengtsson Linus , Li Tracey , Adewole Wole A. , Nester Jade , Arai Ayumi , Magpantay Esperanza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the use of mobile operator data to support public policy, although without a universal governance framework for its application. This article describes five principles to guide and assist statistical agencies, mobile network operators and intermediary service providers, who are actively working on projects using mobile operator data to support governments in monitoring the effectiveness of its COVID-19 related interventions. These are principles of necessity and proportionality, of professional independence, of privacy protection, of commitment to quality, and of international comparability. Compliance with each of these principles can help maintain public trust in the handling of these sensitive data and their results, and therefore keep citizen support for government policies. Three projects (in Estonia, Ghana, and the Gambia) were described and reviewed with respect to the compliance and applicability of the five principles. Most attention was placed on privacy protection, somewhat at the expense of the quality of the compiled indicators. The necessity and proportionality in the choice of mobile operator data can be very well justified given the need for timely, frequent and granular indicators. Explicitly addressing the five principles in the preparation of a project should give confidence to the statistical agency and its partners, that enough care has been exercised in the set up and implementation of the project, and should convey trust to public and government in the use mobile operator data for policy purposes.
Observing linguistic evolution in an Irish archipelago
Authors: Ó Direáin Séamas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article describes the results of a research project carried out over a period of 25 years on the spoken Irish Gaelic of the Aran Islands, Co. Galway, Ireland. It combines microdialectology with sociolinguistics and investigates a wide range of phonological, grammatical, and lexical variables. In addition to revealing complex patterns of geolinguistic variation involving small local areas on the main island and on neighboring islands, it also shows the clear influence of age, gender, and individual creativity on the patterns of variation.
ISOLATED SUBGROUPS OF FINITE p-GROUPS
Authors: SONG QIANGWEI , AN LIJIAN 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe say that a subgroup H is isolated in a group G if for each
$x\in G$
either
$x\in H$
or
$\langle x\rangle \cap H={1}$
. We determine the structure of finite p-groups with isolated minimal nonabelian subgroups and finite p-groups with an isolated metacyclic subgroup.
Casting Ballots When Knowing Results
Authors: Araújo Victor , Gatto Malu A.C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccess to information about candidates' performance has long stood as a key factor shaping voter behaviour, but establishing how it impacts behaviour in real-world settings has remained challenging. In the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections, unpredictable technical glitches caused by the implementation of biometrics as a form of identification led some voters to cast ballots after official tallies started being announced. In addition to providing a source of exogenous variation of information exposure, run-off elections also enable us to distinguish between different mechanisms underlying the impact of information exposure. We find strong support for a vote-switching bandwagon effect: information exposure motivates voters to abandon losing candidates and switch support for the frontrunner – a finding that stands in the second round, when only two candidates compete against each other. These findings provide theoretical nuance and stronger empirical support for the mechanisms underpinning the impact of information exposure on voter behaviour.