bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Високоефективна переробка розчинів хлориду натрію з отриманням коагулянтів на основі хлориду заліза та хлориду алюмінію
Authors: Вакуленко Анна , Гомеля Микола 
Published: July 2021

У роботі досліджені процеси електрохімічної переробки розчинів хлориду натрію з отриманням хлориду алюмінію, хлориду заліза і лугу в трикамерному електролізері з аніонообмінною мембраною МА-41 і катіонообмінною мембраною МК-40. Представлений спосіб переробки сольових концентратів із застосуванням розчинного алюмінієвого аноду є економічно доцільним, так як у результаті електролізу одночасно відбувається демінералізація рідких відходів до рівня нормативних вимог та виробництво з вихідних концентратів товарної продукції. Недоліком представленого способу отримання коагулянту є взаємодія алюмінію із водою. Проте, доведено, що із підвищенням анодної щільності струму під час електролізу вихід хлориду алюмінію практично повністю обумовлений електрохімічним розчиненням аноду, а хімічне розчинення алюмінію майже відсутнє. Стабільність отриманих розчинів коагулянтів протягом тривалого часу підтримується низькими значеннями реакції середовища (рН ≤ 3). Так, при силі струму 1 А (щільність струму 8,34 А/дм2 ) та вихідній концентрації хлориду натрію 1655 мг-екв/дм3 сумарна концентрація іонів алюмінію в отриманому розчині досягає 2278 мг-екв/дм3 . В цілому було досягнуто концентрації гідроксохлориду та хлориду алюмінію на рівні 130.85 г/дм3 тобто 13.085 %. На хімічно розчинений алюміній припадає не більше 12 %. За даних вихідних параметрів вихід іонів алюмінію з урахуванням хімічного розчинення аноду складає 100–108 %. Одночасно в катодній камері відбувається концентрування лугу. Його вихід за струмом при цьому сягає 92 - 94 %.
Для отримання коагулянту на основі хлориду заліза в процесі досліджень використовувався катод із нержавіючої сталі та залізний анод. Були використані модельні розчини каустичної соди з концентрацією 50 мг-екв/дм3 (катодна область), солі хлористого натрію з концентрацією 100г/дм3 (середня область) та підкисленою соляною кислотою дистильованої води (рН на рівні 1-2, анодна область). В результаті проведення експериментів в катодній області утворюється розчин гідроксиду натрію, а в анодній при концентруванні іонів Cl- та розчинення залізного аноду утворюється розчин хлориду заліза (ІІІ).
Frutos silvestres comestibles de Colombia: diversidad y perspectivas de uso
Authors: López Diago Diana , García Castro Néstor Julio 
Published: July 2021

Los frutos silvestres han sido una parte integral de la dieta de los habitantes rurales del trópico americano. En Colombia, la información acerca del uso de los frutos silvestres se encuentra dispersa en la literatura etnobotánica y en colecciones de herbario, limitando el diseño de estrategias de conservación y uso. Esta revisión tiene como propósito sintetizar información acerca de los frutos silvestres usados en Colombia. Se revisaron colecciones de herbario y referencias de literatura. Se registraron 703 especies en 76 familias, entre las cuales Fabaceae (66 especies), Arecaceae (58) y Passifloraceae (44) son las más diversas. Los géneros con más especies fueron Inga (42), Passiflora (42) y Pouteria (21). La mayoría de las especies tienen amplia distribución en América tropical, y solo 45 (6.4 %) son endémicas de Colombia. Las regiones con el mayor número de especies son Amazonia (388), Andes (144) y Pacífico (111). La mayoría de especies registradas, 613 (87.2 %), son exclusivamente silvestres, mientras que 90 (12.8 %) son silvestres o cultivadas. Los frutos silvestres tienen un alto potencial para la agricultura, para desarrollar productos novedosos y para mejoramiento nutricional; sin embargo, es necesario crear estrategias para revalorizar su uso.
Low Velocity Impact Response of the Filament Wound Anisogrid CFRP Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Paramasivam Suresh , Johnson Anish Jafrin Thilak 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This work presents the experimental and finite element simulations to investigate the behavior of both unstiffened and anisogrid composite lattice cylindrical shells under low velocity axial impact. Impact damage has been an epidemic problem for composite structures. Even subjected to a low velocity impact, composite may sacrifice its load carrying capacity considerably due to various modes of failure. The test coupons fabricated as per American Society for Testing of Materials (ASTM) standards were put through Infrared (IR) thermography to find the imperfections during fabrication. The test coupons without defects were only taken into account for material characterization. Finite Element simulations are carried out on both the unstiffened and anisogrid shell structures using LS-DYNA® for a series of low velocity impacts. Also these shell structures were subjected to impact load experimentally for the validation of the results. The results of these studies indicate that the anisogrid model presented in this work possess greater load carrying capacity than unstiffened shell under dynamic loading conditions, also the weight of the structure has been drastically reduced.
Crotonylation promotes human embryonic stem cell endodermal lineage differentiation and metabolic switch
Authors: Songyang Zhou , Zhang Jingran , Shi Guang , Pang Junjie , Zhu Xing , Ma Wenbin , Liu Dan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Post-translational modifications of proteins are crucial to the regulation of their activity and function. As a newly discovered acylation modification, crotonylation of non-histone proteins remains largely unexplored, particularly in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Here we report the investigation of induced crotonylation in hESCs, which resulted in hESCs of different pluripotency states differentiating into the endodermal lineage. We showed that increased protein crotonylation in hESCs was accompanied by transcriptomic shifts and decreased glycolysis. Through large-scale profiling of non-histone protein crotonylation, we identified metabolic enzymes as major targets of inducible crotonylation in hESCs. We further discovered GAPDH as a key glycolytic enzyme regulated by crotonylation during endodermal differentiation from hESCs, where crotonylation of GAPDH decreased its enzymatic activity thereby leading to reduced glycolysis. Our study demonstrates that crotonylation of glycolytic enzymes may be crucial to metabolic switching and cell fate determination in hESCs.
Hierarchical network enabled flexible textile pressure sensors with ultra-high sensitivity, ultra-wide linearity and high-temperature resistance
Authors: Jia Meiling , Yi Chenghan , Han Yankun , Li Xin , Xu Guoliang , He Ke , Li Nianci , Hou Yuxin , Wang Zhongguo , Wang Zhixun , Li Weimin , Li Wenjie , Su Weiguo , Wei Lei , Yang Chunlei , Chen Ming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Thin, lightweight, and flexible textile pressure sensors with the ability to precisely detect the full range of faint pressure (< 100 Pa), low pressure (in the range of KPa) and high pressure (in the range of MPa) are in significant demand to meet the requirements for applications in daily activities and more meaningfully in some harsh environments, such as high temperature and high pressure. However, it is still a major challenge to fulfill these requirements simultaneously in a single pressure sensor. Herein, a high-performance pressure sensor enabled by polyimide fiber fabric with functionalized carbon-nanotube (PI/FCNT) is obtained via a facile electrophoretic deposition (EPD) approach. High-density FCNT is evenly wrapped and chemically bonded to the fiber surface during the EPD process, forming a conductive hierarchical fiber/FCNT matrix. Benefiting from the abundant yet firm contacting points, point-to-point contacting mode, and high elastic modulus of both PI and CNT, the proposed PI/FCNT pressure sensor exhibits ultra-high sensitivity (3.57 MPa− 1), ultra-wide linearity (3.24 MPa), exceptionally broad sensing range (~ 45 MPa), and long-term stability (> 4000 cycles). Furthermore, under a high working temperature of 200 ºC, the proposed sensor device still shows an ultra-high sensitivity of 2.64 MPa− 1 within a wide linear range of 7.2 MPa, attributing to its intrinsic high-temperature-resistant properties of PI and CNT. Thanks to these merits, the proposed PI/FCNT(EPD) pressure sensor could serve as an E-skin device to monitor the human physiological information, precisely detect tiny and extremely high pressure, and can be integrated into an intelligent mechanical hand to detect the contact force under high-temperature (> 300 ºC), endowing it with high applicability in the fields of real-time health monitoring, intelligent robots, and harsh environments.
Arthropod Biodiversity in Agricultural, Horticultural and Silvicultural Ecosystems with Special Reference to Spiders (Araneae) in Mid-hills of Meghalaya, India
Authors: Gogoi Jyotim , Ningthoujam Kennedy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Spiders are the Arthropod and belong to the Phylum: Arthropoda, Class: Arachnida, Order: Araneae. Their occurrence worldwide is about 30,000 species belonging to the 60 families. Totally 4023 arthropods were collected from Silvicultural, Horticultural and Agricultural ecosystem (Maize, Potato and Rice) which belonged to 14 orders and 85 Nos. of different families. Among the ecosystem maximum diversity found in Silvicultural followed by Horticultural and Agricultural ecosystem in terms of alpha diversity such as Shannon Wiener index Simpsons D, Species number, Margelef D, Equitability J, Berger Parker index, Maclntosch U, Brillouin level, Fisher Alpha, Q Statistic and beta diversity such as Whittaker Bw, Cody Bc, Routledge Br, Routledge Bi, Routledge Be and Wilson & Shmida Bt.
The Retention of Proprioceptive Information is Suppressed by Competing Verbal and Spatial, but not by Motor and Visual Tasks
Authors: Horváth Áron , Ferentzi Eszter , Ragó Anett , Köteles Ferenc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Proprioceptive information, originating from the locomotor system makes us able to perceive the position of our joints from an internal point of view. In certain cases, proprioceptive information has to be stored in short-term memory, for example, during the learning of new motor skills or the assessment of proprioceptive accuracy. However, there are contradictory findings about the modality-specific storage of proprioceptive information in working memory. In this preregistered study, we applied the interference paradigm, assessing proprioceptive memory capacity in the subdominant elbow joint for 35 young individuals in five different experimental conditions: (a) without competing task/suppression (control condition), (b) with motor suppression, (c) with spatial suppression, (d) with visual suppression, and (e) with verbal suppression. Proprioceptive span was lower in the verbal and spatial suppression condition than in the control condition, whereas no differences were found for the remaining conditions. These results indicate that individuals use verbal and spatial strategies to encode proprioceptive information in short-term memory, and, in contrast to our expectation, the motor subsystem of working memory is not involved in this process.
Variation of Structure and Optical Material Dispersion in Lead Borate Glass Containing Multi Valence Chromium and Germanium Cations.
Authors: Abdel-Wahab Fathy El-Sayed , El-Diasty Fouad , Abdel-Baki Manal , Abdelmaksoud Heba 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In pursuit of manufacturing glass having a high refractive index and low dispersion, a series of lead and borate glasses containing germanium and chromium oxide by composition 25B2O3-73.8PbO-xGeO2-(1.2-x)Cr2O3, with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.2 mol.%, are prepared. IR measurements are carried out to explore the structure of as-prepared samples. The deconvoluted IR peaks revealed presence of bridging Oxygen up to x = 0.6 mole %. At x > 0.6 mole % none bridging Oxygen is the dominant. The dependence of the measured hydrostatic density and corresponding molar volume for the studied compositions are analyzed and discussed. The dispersion curves of refractive index (n) and absorption index (k) are calculated in the spectral range 300–2500 nm. The effect of increasing the ratio GeO2/ [GeO2 + Cr2O3] on the calculated dispersion energy, lattice energy, oscillator energy and material dispersion are deduced. For photonic applications, the wavelength at zero material dispersion for the investigated samples is calculated and compared with other systems based on Borates, silicates and Germinate fiber. The results recommend that the present glass could be used in different modern optoelectronics devices.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Fine Ground Corn and Soybean Oil on Ruminal Fermentation, Milk Performance, Plasma Metabolites and Oxidative Stress Parameters of Dairy Cows
Authors: guo yongqing , Li Bin , Han Yinru , Deng Ming , Liu Guangbin , Li Yaokun , Sun Baoli , Liu Dewu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of fine ground corn and soybean oil on ruminal fermentation, milk performance and fatty acid profile, plasma metabolites and oxidative stress parameters in lactating dairy cows. Methods: Eight primiparous Holstein cows (215±34 d days in milk, 574.6 ± 22.6 kg body weight; mean ± SD) were allocated into 2 groups (n=4/group), used in a change-over experiment with two 23-d experimental periods (16 d induction period and 7 d wash-out period). During the induction period, the cows of one group were fed with control diets (CON, 23.8% starch, 4.6% fat, and 31.4% NDF, DM basis), and the cows of the second group were fed with CON diets supplementation of 266 g/kg of fine ground corn and 46 g/kg of soybean oil (HSO, 31.4% starch, 7.8% fat, and 26.4% NDF, DM basis), and all cows were fed with the CON diets during the subsequent wash-out period. Results: The results shown that the cows fed the HSO diets had a lower ruminal molar ratio of acetate (P = 0.02), and a numerically lower ruminal pH (P = 0.13) and acetate : propionate ratio (P = 0.13) than that in the cows fed the CON diets. Cows fed the HSO dites had a lower (P < 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk fat percentage, the yield of milk fat, protein and solid of non-fat (SNF), and a higher (P<0.05) percentage of milk protein, lactose and SNF than that in the cows fed with CON diets. Cows fed the HSO diets had a lower (P < 0.05) concentrations [g/100 g total FA] of C8:0, C10:0, C11:0, C12:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, fatty acids (FA) <C16, sum of C16:0 and C16:1, total saturates FA, and medium chain FA, and a greater (P < 0.05) milk concentrations of C14:1, C16:1, C18:1n9t, C18:2n6t, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3, FA > C16, total unsaturated FA, total mono-unsaturated FA, total poly-unsaturated FA, Δ9-desaturase index, than that in the cows fed the CON diet. Compared with the cows fed the CON diet, the concentrations of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) increased (P < 0.01), whereas the concentrations of theβ-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin (ALB), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the ratio of ALB to GLB, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) decreased (P < 0.05) in cows fed the HSO diets. Conclusions: Our results indicate that HSO diets can impact on the ruminal fermentation pattern, reduce the DMI, milk fat content, depress the de novo synthesis of lipid in mammary gland, disturb plasma parameters, enhance the oxidative stress in dairy cows. Meanwhile, we also found the the subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) and milk fat depression (MFD) can occur at the same time or one after the other, when dairy cows fed with HSO diets.
Identification of Hypoxia Induced Metabolism Associated Genes in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: He Yang-Yang , Xie Xin-Mei , Zhang Hong-Da , Ye Jue , Gencer Selin , Vorst Emiel P.C. van der , Döring Yvonne , Weber Christian , Pang Xiao-Bin , Jing Zhi-Cheng , Yan Yi , Han Zhi-Yan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with hypoxia and lung disease (Group 3) is the second most common form of PH and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to identify hypoxia induced metabolism associated genes (MAGs) for better understanding of hypoxic PH. Methods: Rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated and cultured in normoxic or hypoxic condition for 24 h. Cells were harvested for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Functional annotation of distinguishing metabolites was performed using Metaboanalyst. Top 10 enriched metabolite sets were selected for the identification of metabolism associated genes (MAGs) with a relevance score > 8 in Genecards. Transcriptomic data from lungs of hypoxic PH in mice/rats or of PH patients were accessed from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database or open-access online platform. Connectivity Map analysis was performed to identify potential compounds to reverse the metabolism associated gene profile under hypoxia stress. The construction and module analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed. Hub genes were then identified and used to generate LASSO model to determine its accuracy to predict occurrence of PH.Results: A total of 36 altered metabolites and 1259 unique MAGs were identified in rat PASMCs under hypoxia. 38 differentially expressed MAGs in mouse lungs of hypoxic PH were revealed, with enrichment in multi-pathways including regulation of glucose metabolic process, which might be reversed by drugs such as blebbistatin. 5 differentially expressed MAGs were displayed in SMCs of Sugen 5416/hypoxia induced PH rats at the single cell resolution. Furthermore, 6 hub genes (Cat, Ephx1, Gpx3, Gstm4, Gstm5 and Gsto1) out of 42 unique hypoxia induced MAGs were identified. Higher Cat, Ephx1 and lower Gsto1 were displayed in mouse lungs under hypoxia (all P < 0.05), in consistent with the alteration in lungs of PH patients. The hub gene-based LASSO model can predict the occurrence of PH (AUC=0.90). Conclusions: Our findings revealed six hypoxia-induced metabolism associated hub genes, and shed some light on the molecular mechanism and therapeutic targets in hypoxic PH.
Retrospective Analysis of the Association Between Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Human Papillomavirus Genotypes
Authors: Kong Linghua , Xiao Xiaoping , Xu Tao , Wan Ru , Xiang Yang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been confirmed as a major causative factor for malignant transformation of cervical epithelial cells and for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer. Methods: We collected the cervical cell samples of women who visited the gynecological clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between October 2017 and May 2020 and submitted them to the HPV genotyping test. We analyzed the distribution of single-type HPV genotypes in CIN of different severities and the age-dependent prevalence for single-type HPV infection. Results: In both CIN2 and CIN3 group, HPV 16, 58, 52, 33 and 31/18 were detected as top 5 HPV types, which accounts for 89.25% and 88.54% of single HPV infection incidence respectively. HPV 16 was the dominant genotype in both CIN2 and CIN3, accounted for 46.24% and 55.21%, respectively. The prevalence of HPV 16 was the most frequent in all the age groups, except >64 years group in CIN3. The prevalence of HPV 16 and 33 increased obviously with increasing grade of CIN (chi-squared test for trend, P< 0.001), while HPV 18, 31, 52 and 58 showed the opposite trends. The peak of the incidence of CIN3 was observed at 25~34 years (33.68%), followed by 35-44 years (31.58%). Conclusion: High grade CIN peak at 25-44 years, women of this age are recommended for normative screening if conditions permit. HPV 16 was particularly aggressive in the development of cervical premalignant lesions and malignant lesions in almost all age groups, except >64 years group in CIN3. For women >64 years old, patients infected with other HPV types should be also taken seriously. In general, HPV 16, 58, 52, 33, 31 and 18 were the most common genotypes in high grade CIN, and vaccine including these predominant genotypes might be of great significance for cervical cancer prevention in China.
Survival of Plants During Short-Term Boa-Oh Exposure: Ros Related Gene Expression and Detoxification Reactions are Accompaniedwithfast Membrane Lipid Repair in Root Tips
Authors: Schulz Margot , LASCHKE LAURA , SCHÜTZ VADIM , SCHACKOW OLIVER , SICKER DIETER , HOFMANN DIANA , DÖRMANN PETER 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Exposure of Zea maysseedlings to 0.5µM benzoxazolinone-4/5/6/7-OH allelochemicals elicits root zone specific reactions by formation of dark rings and spots in the zone of lateral roots,high catalase activity at root hairsand no visible defense reaction at the root tip. We studied short term effects on membrane lipids and fatty acids in maize root tips in comparison to those of Abutilontheophrastiafter BOA-6-OH incubations. We found a decrease mainly of phosphatidylinositol in Abutilon and phosphatidylcholinein maize after 10-30 min of exposure. In the youngest tissue, α-linoleic acid (18:2), decreased considerably in both species but amounts recovered within one hour.Disturbances in membrane phospholipid contents were balanced in both species within 30-60 min. The findings that triacylglycerols(TAGs) were also affected, but levels of maize diacylglycerols (DAG) were almost unchanged, suggestedthat fatty acids for membrane lipid regeneration are released from TAGs while resulting DAGs are buildings blocks for phospholipid reconstitution,concomitant with BOA-6-OH glucosylation. Theexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD2)and of ER-bound oleoyldesaturase (FAD2-2) genes were contemporaneously up regulated in contrast to the catalase gene CAT1,while CAT3was arguably integrated at a later stage of the detoxification process. Major catalase activity seems to be attributed to root colonizing microorganisms. Immuno-responses were not elicited in short-terms, since expression of NPR1, POX12were rather affected,PR4 after 6h with BOA-4/7-OH and PR1 after 24hwith BOA-5/6-OH.The rapid membrane recovery, reactive oxygen species and allelochemical detoxification may be characteristic forBOA-OH insensitive plants.