bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication, fear and collective trauma in first wave COVID-19 “double epidemic” in Italy: traces and clues
Authors: Nicolosi Guido 
Published: July 2021

The Coronavirus epidemic has demonstrated just how unprepared our societies were for an occurrence of this kind. On March 2020, the Italian government was in fact the first in Europe to implement a strategy of lockdown on the whole national territory, not just in the areas where outbreaks occurred. The coronavirus crisis was concentrated in a specific area: in particular, the region of Lombardy and some isolated provinces in the north of Italy. So Italy has suffered a “double” epidemic, but the strategy adopted was uniform and radical. This contribution does not focus on the effectiveness of the Italian strategy per sè. The aim is rather to analyse the Italian Case from the point of view of media and institutional communications with the intention of bringing to light some critical issues. In particular, here it is posited that emergency communication produced during the “first wave” of pandemic has significantly contributed to fostering a climate of anxiety and collective fear with possible traumatogenic consequences. Within an emergency context, communication can be the thin boundary line between collective trauma and resilience and covid 19 pandemic was also a public communication crisis. This essay tries to analyse some traumatogenetic issues of institutional and media communication during the coronavirus crisis in Italy. Below a non-exhaustive list of these issues: A dramatic center-periphery coordination deficit; Wavering institutional communication; The “numerological” hegemony"; The absence of an “exit strategy”.
Reduction of Wave Resistance of Displacement Vessels by Waterline Parabolization
Authors: Çalisal S. M. , Danisman D. B. , Gören Ö. , Gould K. , Maurice P. , Klaptocz V. 
Published: July 2021

Waterline parabolization is a method to reduce the wave resistance of a displacement type hull with a parallel mid-body by adding amidships bulbs to the hull. Tow tank tests of the optimized bulbs at ITU confirmed that significant reductions in total resistance were obtained.
This paper describes the use of a nonlinear optimization technique developed at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and tank testing at Istanbul Technical University (ITU) to find the optimum shape and location of midship bulbs as well as midship bulbs and a bow bulb together. Tow-tank tests at UBC and ITU have shown that mid-ship bulbs can provide significant reductions in total resistance. The study validated the use of the technique both constraining the displacement and when only constraining the draft (retrofit). The optimization algorithm considers only wave resistance which is calculated with a Dawson's method type program; TRAWSON.
In this study a RO/RO ferry hull is used as the baseline hull form. The tank tests revealed that the bulb location and geometry identified as the optimum, at Froude number Fn = 0.33, by the optimization program achieved a reduction in total resistance of 15 percent at constant displacement and retrofit applications.
Two Approaches to Scheduling Outfitting Processes in Shipbuilding
Authors: Wei Y. , Nienhuis U. , Moredo E. 
Published: July 2021

In shipbuilding, outfitting is the process of installing non-structural components, like equipment, pipes, cables, ducts, etc., which can run through several structural compartments. Pre-outfitting is defined as outfitting activities that take place before hull erection, thus during panel, section and block assembly. The outfitting process is characterized by interferences between yard and many subcontractors, disturbances by unexpected delays, and technological constraints concerning the installation of main propulsion machinery. Scheduling of this process is therefore quite complex and a difficult topic to research. According to extensive literature study, there have been some relevant paper published more than twenty years ago[1],[2],[3],although since then the topic has not received much attention..
Traditionally, the initial outfitting process planning is generated largely manually by experts with the help of computer software, like Microsoft Project and Primavera. These tools allow some limited plan checking and evaluation. As soon as special simulation tools, for example based on eM-Plant or, Arena, are fully developed, plans can be tested, analyzed and optimized in a more accurate way. Even though the digitalization of downstream work is being developed, the initial plan depends greatly on experts. They have to be trained and then gain their expertise from practice. It generally takes over five years for someone to acquire sufficient expertise in a particular area[4]. Furthermore, the knowledge the experts gained by their years of experience may be lost, due to retirement and personnel quitting the company. Hence, it is indispensable to make such tacit knowledge explicit through models. It means that in order to optimize the facilities, maximize the production efficiency and minimize the building time, it is necessary to develop a system to automatically generate plans for outfitting processes, which can also support the simulation models afterwards for verification purposes.
The research discussed in this paper looks into the possibilities to automatically generate an outfitting sequence and planning, based on two approaches. The first approach is an analytical approach, where the focus lies on the most convenient installation sequence on a system or compartment level. This sequence considers all relations between activities within one system and with activities of other systems, and relations within one compartment and its adjacent compartments. Then a mathematical approach is discussed. Physical constraints between the pipes, ducts, cable trays, etc. are introduced and represented. A model is made to generate an installation sequence of these components in one compartment.
Identification of drugs associated with reduced severity of COVID-19 – a case-control study in a large population
Authors: Israel Ariel , Schäffer Alejandro A , Cicurel Assi , Cheng Kuoyuan , Sinha Sanju , Schiff Eyal , Feldhamer Ilan , Tal Ameer , Lavie Gil , Ruppin Eytan 
Published: July 2021

Background:Until coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) drugs specifically developed to treat COVID-19 become more widely accessible, it is crucial to identify whether existing medications have a protective effect against severe disease. Toward this objective, we conducted a large population study in Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest healthcare provider in Israel, insuring over 4.7 million members.Methods:Two case-control matched cohorts were assembled to assess which medications, acquired in the last month, decreased the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization. Case patients were adults aged 18 to 95 hospitalized for COVID-19. In the first cohort, five control patients, from the general population, were matched to each case (n=6202); in the second cohort, two non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 positive control patients were matched to each case (n=6919). The outcome measures for a medication were: odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization, 95% confidence interval (CI), and the p-value, using Fisher’s exact test. False discovery rate was used to adjust for multiple testing.Results:Medications associated with most significantly reduced odds for COVID-19 hospitalization include: ubiquinone (OR=0.185, 95% CI [0.058 to 0.458], p<0.001), ezetimibe (OR=0.488, 95% CI [0.377 to 0.622], p<0.001), rosuvastatin (OR=0.673, 95% CI [0.596 to 0.758], p<0.001), flecainide (OR=0.301, 95% CI [0.118 to 0.641], p<0.001), and vitamin D (OR=0.869, 95% CI [0.792 to 0.954], p<0.003). Remarkably, acquisition of artificial tears, eye care wipes, and several ophthalmological products were also associated with decreased risk for hospitalization.Conclusions:Ubiquinone, ezetimibe, and rosuvastatin, all related to the cholesterol synthesis pathway were associated with reduced hospitalization risk. These findings point to a promising protective effect which should be further investigated in controlled, prospective studies.Funding:This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, NCI.
Relationship between impulsivity and suicide among the rural elderly in China: a case-control psychological autopsy study
Authors: Zhou Yunfang , Ma Zhenyu , Jia Cun-Xian , Zhou Liang 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe relationship between impulsivity and suicide is inconsistent in different populations. Hence, the relationship between impulsivity and suicide still needs to be studied among the elderly population. The present study intends to explore the relationship between impulsivity and suicide among the rural Chinese elderly.MethodsA case-control psychological autopsy study was conducted from February 1, 2014 to December 18, 2015 among rural residents over the age of 60 who died by suicide. The sample consisted of 242 suicides as the case group and 242 living individuals as the control group. Data on demographic characteristics, impulsivity, previous history of suicide attempts, social support, negative life events, and suicidal behavior were collected.ResultsOur study found that impulsivity increased the risk of suicide. The case group showed a higher Barratt Impulsiveness Scale score compared with the control group (p < 0.001), which indicates that impulsivity was higher among the elderly suicides. In addition, regression analyses show that impulsivity (odds ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.06) is an independent risk factor of suicide, after controlling for the effects of marital status, education, family annual income, being left behind, social support, and negative life events. Finally, compared with elderly who do not have a history of attempted suicide, elderly with a history of attempted suicide showed higher impulsivity (p = 0.001).
Hydrochemical Evaluation of the Tigris River from Mosul to South of Baghdad Cities, Iraq
Authors: Oleiwi Alyaa Shakir , Al-Dabbas Moutaz 
Published: July 2021

Aims of this Study: To investigate the climate change{effects in Iraq on the quality and quantity of the water of the Tigris River from {Mosul” city to South of Baghdad city.00 This paper provides a review of the observed and the predicted impacts of climate change on the water quality in the Tigris River in Iraq.
Study Design: Cross-Sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study area is starting {from Mosul city which is located in {the north part of Iraq to the Al-Azziziyah city located in the south of Baghdad (2005-2012) .
Methodology: The current study was include the available historical data which are the discharge and hydrochemical analysis includes (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4, HCO3, TDS,NO3, and EC) were taken from 6 stations along the Tigris’ River from Mosul to the south of Baghdad’ cities for the years 2005 to 20112. The available historical climate data’ includes (Rainfall and Temperature) for the period 1990-2012. In this paper also, used some of pervious studies and compared them with the current results.
Results: The average annual flow of the Tigris River in Mosul station for the period (1990-2012) ranged between’ (193.8-906) m3/sec and for Sammarra station ranged between’ (366-977) m3/sec. Then, between south of Sammarra’city and north of Baghdad city, Canal of Dijla’joins the Tigris River has a discharge ranges between’ (9-217) m3/sec. After that, the ’Tigris River inter to Baghdad city, the discharge value range between’ (392-1173) m3/sec’and continue his flow to the south of Baghdad city and Diyala River joins it with discharge’range between (55-193) m3/sec. Finally, the Tigris River reaches to’Al-Azizziyah city station with’discharge ranges between (134-769) m3/sec.
Conclusion: In general the water quality of the Tigris River are sulfates, calcium, and magnesium. But in Canal of Dijla the most dominant ion is sodium due to agricultural activities and geology of the area consist of gypsum rocks and this can be effects on water quality of Tigris River in the next station (Baghdad). In Al-Azizziyah city the sulfates, calcium, and Sodium is high level due to drainage from irrigation, industrial“and domestic activities.
An Invasive Yet Potentially Diverse and Unexplored Genus: Typha L.
Authors: Makwana Vidhi , Kethwas Abhaykumar , Sapoliya Niravkumar , Limbachiya Krupa , Gamit Sanjay , Verma Preeti , Shah Mamta 
Published: July 2021

Aim: Typha genus belongs to the family Typhaceae and is comprising of about 13 known species distributed in the subtropical and tropical regions of North America, South America, Asia, Africa, Australia and Europe. Several species are considered as invasive weeds that colonize wetlands and marshes because they are highly productive by clonal growth, forming very large, persistent and often monospecific stands. This review offers detailed information on the aquatic species of the cosmopolitan genus Typha L. with specific focus on their distribution, identification, importance in bioremediation, usability and traditional uses along with chemical and biological diversity.
Methodology: An extensive browsing in three electronic databases (Unbound Medline, PubMed and ScienceDirect) and internet search engines (Scifinder and Google Scholar) enabled us to connote the studies on Typha genus available till date.
Results: Literature survey corroborated that some species of Typha are valuable as sources of traditional medicine in human health, while some are still widely used for non-pharmacological purposes. Numerous phytochemical investigations of plants of this genus confirmed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, phenols, saponins, flavanoids, carbohydrates, proteins, oils and fats. Besides, various studies cited in this review article have demonstrated that the extracts or active substances that have been isolated from the species of Typha genus have multiple pharmacological activities.
Conclusion: The review draws the attention of scientists towards the utility and important issues associated with the probable approaches that should be investigated to encourage people to take maximal benefit of the potentially useful species of Typha genus.
Evaluation of Predictor like Maternal Serum Lipid Profile in 2nd Trimester in Pregnancy Related Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: Jaiswal Arpita , Halani Dhruva 
Published: July 2021

Background: The most leading cause of perinatal and maternal deaths and morbidity in developed and developing countries like India is pregnancy related hypertensive disorders especially pre-eclampsia. PIH is defined as; in previously normotensive and normoproteinuric women, hypertension of >_ 140/90 mmHg with or without proteinuria measured on two occasions 6 hours apart after gestational age (20 weeks).Women with pregnancy related hypertensive disorders experience varied and altered lipid changes. Increased TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), cholesterol and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations leading to dyslipidemia was found in majority of the studies.
Aim: The study aims to evaluate predictor like maternal sr. lipid profile in 2nd trimester in pregnancy related hypertensive disorders.
Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of normal maternal and altered maternal serum lipid profile serum lipid profile in 2nd trimester of pregnancy in pregnancy related hypertensive disorders and compare them .
Materials and Methods: The design of the study will be prospective as well as observational conducted from September 2020 to august 2022 with an estimated sample size of 1000. Patients included were nnormotensive and non-proteinuric in second trimester (13-20 weeks of gestation). Subjects will be evaluated on the basis of preformed and pretested proforma consisting of history, clinical symptoms and presentation and investigations. Blood samples for serum lipid profile will be collected in plain bulb with aseptic conditions and analyzed at the biochemistry laboratory by enzymatic method.
Expected Results: We expect that from our results, altered maternal serum lipid profile in 2nd trimester will be positively associated with pregnancy related hypertensive disorders.
Prevalence of Oral Sub Mucosal Fibrosis in Pre- Anesthesia Clinic in India: A Cross Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Agrawal Sweety , Deshmukh Pratibha , Takalkar Shweta , Sabale Parag , Chakole Vivek 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant lesion of the buccal mucosa usually caused by chewing of betel nut, areca nut and tobacco. OSMF causes difficulty in laryngoscopy and intubation of the trachea. Patient of submucosal fibrosis do come for emergency and elective surgeries requiring general anaesthesia. In such scenario maintaining airway is a big challenge for anaesthesiologist. Knowledge of Prevalence of submucosal fibrosis in local region and degree of OSMF with difficult intubation may help anaesthesiologist to prepare and plan airway management in such conditions.
Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis in patients coming in pre-anaesthesia clinic and assessment of airway and prevalence of degree of OSMF by measuring Interincisal mouth opening in patients of oral submucosal fibrosis.
Methods: Cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the department of anaesthesiology on 500 patients coming in pre-anaesthesia clinic. Patients were identified and sent to dental department for confirmation of diagnosis OSMF if one or more clinical feature of OSMF were present. A detailed proforma was used to record demographic parameter, the type of tobacco, betelnut and areccanut chewing habits, difficulty in mouth opening, inter incisor distance. OSMF was divided in 4 stages on the basis of inter incisor distance.
Results: Prevalence rate of submucosal fibrosis patients coming in our pre-anaesthesia clinic was 8%. Thirty patients were found to be in stage 1 (75%.), nine patients were found to be in stage 2 (22.5%) and only one patient was in stage 3.
Conclusion: Being aware of the prevalence of OSMF in the region and stages of OSMF in regard to inter incisor distance in pre-operative clinic helps anaesthesiologists to prepare and plan airway management. And hence surgical exploration can be avoided.
Compelling Evidence of Bacterial Pharyngeal Colonization among Clinical Sciences Students
Authors: Eltayeb Lienda Bashier , Alharthi Fawziah Saeed , Aldosari Maha Noghaemesh 
Published: July 2021

Background: Upper respiratory tract is one of the commonest sites for microbial colonization, and the colonized individuals are at risk of infection, and medical students are frequently exposed to a variety of infections agents and are more likely to get colonized by them. The current study aimed To determine the frequency of pharyngeal bacterial colonization among clinical students. Methods: A total of 140 throat swab was collected from study participants, among them, 70 clinical students were enrolled, and 70 nonclinical subjects were recruited as a control group. Isolated bacteria were identified using ordinary laboratory techniques (Gram staining and biochemical tests). Result: Among clinical participants, there were 16 (80%) of them in the age group 20–25 years of age, Frequency of pharyngeal carriage in studied subjects were 29(20.7%), 23(32.9%) of clinical sciences students were significantly carry the virulent bacterial pathogen, while only 6 (8.6%) of the control group have clinical pharyngeal bacteria (P-value ≤ 0.001). S. aureus was carried among 11 (15.7%) clinical sciences students, followed by S. pneumoniae 3 (4.3%), P. aeruginosa, and Haemophilusspp 2 (2.9%). Penicillin and Ciprofloxacin resistance was high frequent, statistically, significant differences were also revealed in the clinical sciences students group who have had a past history of respiratory infection, were 13/16 (80%), and 6/7 (85.7%) of them frequently carried gram-positive bacteria and negative bacteria respectively (p. value =0.023)
Conclusion: Clinical students complain of a high frequency of bacterial throat colonization, and then multidrug-resistant of bacterial strain. Such evidence may increase the possibility that clinical students play role in the transmission and dissemination of the infection for others.
Indian Laws during COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications to Health and Management
Authors: Jaiswal Gaurav , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Patil Praful S. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: 2019 corona virus disease (COVID-19), a respiratory disease caused by a new corona virus (SARS corona virus 2, also known as novel corona virus) in China, has spread and attracted worldwide attention. The WHO declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a global public health emergency on January 30, 2020. Following the 2002 corona virus (SARS-Corona Virus) and the 2012 MERS Corona Virus, the virus SARS corona is the third most infectious disease and the largest corona virus that caused human outbreaks in the 20th century.
Aim: To assess the Indians law that affects or supports the Indian citizen with present scenario of Pandemic.
Conclusion: Coronavirus has called for a mixed response in India. The answer includes a host of regulations, guidelines, services, and administrative structures, as well as public and government warnings. As the demands of government action grow, the Passivence Sicknesses Act has become a topic of discussion. Instead of establishing a comprehensive health care system, the Pestilence Infections Act allows states to take special measures in response to serious infectious diseases. The law gives the public a broad mandate to participate in oppressive actions against citizens within this limited framework.
Phytochemical Profile of Saribus rotundifolius (Anahaw) Crude Extract Found in the University of Eastern Philippines
Authors: Dagalea Flyndon Mark S. , Lim Karina Milagros C. , Vicencio Manuela Cecille G. , Alvarez Ma. Lourdes C. , Somoray Maria Judy M. , Jr Abel Alejandro U. Flores , Tubello Francis Michael G. , Beros Jannah Louise L. , Ablazo Rose Ann F. , Caloza Tom Joel Q. 
Published: July 2021

Phytochemical profiling focuses on the determination of the secondary metabolite present on a sample.
Aims: In this research, a phytochemical profiling was done in Saribus rotundifolius (Anahaw) leaves and fruit crude extracts.
Methodology: This study determines the secondary metabolites; alkaloid, tannin, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, saponin, and terpenoid. The samples were cut into pieces and was submerged in an ethanol solution for the extract of crude extract and undergo a rotary evaporator for the separation of the ethanol solvent.
Results: The finding showed that the anahaw leaves and fruit crude extract contains secondary metabolites present in both leaves and fruit crude extracts, that can be used in pharmaceutical and drug development, this includes an anti-microbial potential.