bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HHLA2 deficiency inhibits non‐small cell lung cancer progression and THP‐1 macrophage M2 polarization
Authors: Sun Wenjie , Li Shuying , Tang Guiliang , Sun Shaoxing , Luo Yuan , Bai Rui , Han Linzhi , Jiang Xueping , Gao Yanping , Huang Zhengrong , Zhang Junhong , Gong Yan , Xie Conghua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHuman endogenous retrovirus‐H long terminal repeat‐associating protein 2 (HHLA2) is a member of B7 family, which is upregulated in multiple tumors. However, its exact functions in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the biological roles of HHLA2 in human NSCLC and the relevant mechanisms. In addition, the effects of tumor cell‐derived HHLA2 on tumor‐associated macrophage (TAM) polarization were explored.MethodsNSCLC cell growth, migration, and invasion were assessed by colony formation and modified Boyden chamber assays. Cell cycle and the CD163+ TAMs were examined by flow cytometry. A co‐culture model of THP‐1 macrophages and NSCLC cells was conducted to investigate the impacts of tumor cell‐derived HHLA2 on THP‐1 macrophage polarization. Moreover, a xenograft nude mouse model was established to explore the effects of HHLA2 on tumorigenesis in vivo.ResultsHHLA2 was upregulated in A549 and H1299 cells compared with the normal lung epithelial BEAS‐2B cells. HHLA2 deficiency inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced G0/G1 phase arrest partially via inhibiting EGFR/MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Furthermore, HHLA2 knockdown inhibited M2 polarization of TAMs via downregulating IL‐10. In addition, knockdown of HHLA2 inhibited tumor growth in vivo.ConclusionHHLA2 downregulation inhibited NSCLC growth and TAM M2 polarization. HHLA2 may serve as a therapeutic target and promising prognostic biomarker in NSCLC.
Structural Transformation of Surface‐Confined Porphyrin Networks by Addition of Co Atoms
Authors: Baker Cortés Brian D. , Enache Mihaela , Küster Kathrin , Studener Florian , Lee Tien‐Lin , Marets Nicolas , Bulach Véronique , Hosseini Mir Wais , Stöhr Meike 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe self‐assembly of a nickel‐porphyrin derivative (Ni‐DPPyP) containing two pyridyl coordinating sites and two pentyl chains at trans meso positions was studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) on Au(111). Deposition of Ni‐DPPyP onto Au(111) gave rise to a close‐packed network for coverages smaller or equal to one monolayer as revealed by STM and LEED. The molecular arrangement of this two‐dimensional network is stabilized via hydrogen bonds formed between the pyridyl's nitrogen and hydrogen atoms from the pyrrole groups of neighboring molecules. Subsequent deposition of cobalt atoms onto the close‐packed network and post‐deposition annealing at 423 K led to the formation of a Co‐coordinated hexagonal porous network. As confirmed by XPS measurements, the porous network is stabilized by metal‐ligand interactions between one cobalt atom and three pyridyl ligands, each pyridyl ligand coming from a different Ni‐DPPyP molecule.
Broadly Applicable Synthesis of Arylated Dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrroles as Building Blocks for Organic Electronic Materials
Authors: Vogt Astrid , Schwer Fabian , Förtsch Sebastian , Lorenz Christoph , Mena‐Osteritz Elena , Aubele Anna , Kraus Teresa , Bäuerle Peter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA novel and versatile method for the N‐arylation of dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole (DTP) is presented. By Pd‐ or Cu‐catalyzed coupling a variety of arenes and acenes were directly attached at the DTP−nitrogen yielding a variety of functionalized DTPs. Investigations on optical and redox properties led to valuable structure‐property relationships, which were corroborated by quantum chemical calculations. Further functionalization and elongation of the conjugation of an acceptor‐substituted DTP was elaborated to result in complex cruciform‐type donor−acceptor oligomers, which were investigated and implemented in single material organic solar cells.
Production of β‐glucosidase by Aspergillus niger CDBB‐H‐175 on submerged fermentation
Authors: Alarid‐García Cristian , Hernández‐Calderón Oscar M. , Rios‐Iribe Erika Y. , González‐Llanes Marcos D. , Escamilla‐Silva Eleazar M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe production of high‐activity β‐glucosidase at low cost is essential to increase the efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis, necessary for the economically feasible production of biofuels from the conversion of renewable lignocellulosic resources, specifically agricultural waste. In this work, the Aspergillus niger CDBB‐H‐175 strain was used for the production of extracellular β‐glucosidase. In the first stage of this work, the production of β‐glucosidase was carried out in a shake flask, using different carbon sources in order to evaluate the effect of the substrate on enzyme activity; in this way, it was determined that the best substrate is maltose, obtaining 2954 U/ml of β‐glucosidase activity at 31 days of culture. In the second stage, a laboratory‐scale study was done using two discontinuous bioreactor systems for submerged fermentation, stirred tank and airlift, using maltose, sucrose, and glucose as a carbon source. The results showed that β‐glucosidase with the highest enzymatic activity (3122 U/ml at 192 h of fermentation) was produced at uncontrolled pH conditions in an airlift bioreactor with maltose. In a third stage, using an airlift bioreactor with maltose, an orthogonal experimental design L4 with three factors was applied: pH, aeration, and maltose concentration. The aeration was of utmost importance to guarantee a better enzymatic expression, and acidification of the culture medium during the fermentation process was another necessary condition for a greater enzymatic production.
Enhanced texture classification through feature compaction using dihybrid bio‐inspired computation techniques
Authors: C Bagavathi , O Saraniya 
Published: June 2021

SummarySynchronous data processing is often preferred considering the volume of data available and the requirement of processed data. Data volume increase from current technical advancements should be balanced and suitably dealt with efficient feature processing techniques. Feature selection can efficiently improve the concurrency in data processing on a completely uncorrelated and separately processable feature set. Texture analysis is a significant application of image processing that analyses specific patterns in an image. As the volume of image data available for producing better classification models progressively moves to be out of the human‐manageable range, it is the automation methods that aid the researchers to manage the data. When the number of samples in the data and the dimensionality of the problem is too high, the purpose of data analysis is often compromised. Feature engineering can be utilized to improve the efficiency of the model with a smaller subset of features. This work proposes dibyhrid bio‐inspired computation based feature compaction, that is a combination of improvised genetic algorithm and selective tabu search for texture classification problem. Machine learning techniques are employed to evaluate and minimize the validation error from the applied computational methods.
Nickel Foam Supported NiO@Ru Heterostructure Towards High‐Efficiency Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Linghui , Hu Zheng , Li Hui , Ren Qianqian , Qiu Yishu , Qu Jianqiang , Hu Shi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production from renewable energy requires the innovation of electrocatalysts with high activity and low cost. In this work, densely packed NiO@Ru nanosheets were fabricated on the surface of Ni foam through a two‐step method of Ni(OH)2 growth followed by Ru deposition. Through pair distribution function analysis from selected‐area electron diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the interface structure feature is revealed as a thin layer of perovskite NiRuO3 sandwiched between NiO and Ru. The electrode exhibits high activity and durability for HER and OER, delivering a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a voltage of 1.55 V for overall water splitting in 1 M KOH. The excellent performance can be attributed to the intimate interface contact of NiO and Ru in addition to low charge transfer resistance and super‐hydrophilic surface structure, as verified by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and contact‐angle measurement.
Antibody‐invertase Cross‐linkage Nanoparticles: A New Signal Tag for Point‐of‐Care Immunoassay of Alpha‐fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Personal Glucometer
Authors: Li Ling , Liang Dong , Guo Wuhua , Tang Dianping , Zeng Yongyi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMethods based on immunoassays have been developed for cancer biomarker alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), but most involve complicated or stripping procedures and are unfavourable for routine use. Herein we report the proof‐of‐concept of simple and point‐of‐care (POC) immunoassay for AFP in hepatocellular carcinoma on a portable personal glucometer (PGM) by using antibody‐invertase cross‐linkage nanoparticles as the signal‐generation tags. Antibody‐invertase cross‐linkage nano tags were synthesized by using reverse micellar method with glutaraldehyde. The POC immunoassay was carried out on monoclonal anti‐AFP capture antibody‐coated microplate with a sandwich‐type reaction mode. Introduction of invertase nano labels accompanying target AFP could hydrolyse sucrose into glucose and fructose. The produced glucose molecules could be determined on a portable personal glucometer. Relative to unimolecular invertase labelling, improved analytical features were acquired with antibody‐invertase nano labelling. With the nano labels, PGM‐based immunoassay exhibited good electrochemical responses for the detection of AFP, and allowed detection of AFP at a concentration as low as 5.4 pg mL−1. Moreover, a good repeatability and intermediate precision could be found down to 12.68 %. Good well‐matched results were obtained for analysis of human serum specimens between POC immunoassay and commercial human AFP ELISA kit.
Production of dual functional carbon material from biomass treated with NaOH for supercapacitor and catalyst
Authors: Özarslan Saliha , Atelge Muhammed Raşit , Kaya Mustafa , Ünalan Sebahattin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this research, tea factory waste (TFW), an organic biomass source, was used as a metal free basic catalyst for the production of hydrogen from NaBH4 by methanolysis. In the preparation of the catalysts, tea factory wastes taken from the tea factory and released during tea production were used. For the production of H2 from NaBH4 by methanolysis, TFW was pre‐treated with different base materials (KOH, NH4Cl, and NaOH). Tests have been made on different mixing ratios, combustion temperatures, and durations for catalyst optimization by selecting the base with the highest hydrogen yield. Hydrogen production efficiency was recorded as 2832.2 and 6560.8 mL min−1 g−1 at 30°C and 60°C, respectively. The activation energy of the catalyst was defined as 18.07 kJ mol−1. Characterization of TFW catalyst was examined by SEM‐EDX, XRD, and FT‐IR analysis. When the obtained data were evaluated and some studies available in the literature were considered, it was concluded that tea factory wastes, which are a biomass resource, can be used in catalyst production. The capacitance value of the electrode was computed as 8 to 12.9 F g−1.
Determination of patulin in products containing dried fruits by Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique Patulin in dried fruits
Authors: Przybylska Anna , Chrustek Agnieszka , Olszewska‐Słonina Dorota , Koba Marcin , Kruszewski Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe era of globalization causes that the export and import of food from different continents of the world are becoming more and more common, which may directly contribute to the increase in pollution in them. The presence of mycotoxin in food is an ubiquitous problem. There is very limited information on the possible influence of the composition of herbal mixtures on the presence of mycotoxins in them, which is an area where research can be expanded. The aim of this study was to determine patulin (PAT) in commercial products containing dried elderberry, rose, blueberry, rowan, hawthorn, and chokeberry fruits by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique. Research using this technique allowed for considering the possible influence of the composition of herbal mixtures on the concentration of patulin in them. Patulin was detected in all analyzed samples with wide range of <LOD ÷ 4,102.0 µg/kg. In 91% of the single‐ingredient products, the mean patulin concentration below 50 µg/kg was found. We observed that patulin content in products containing only rose, elderberry, blueberry, rowan, hawthorn, or chokeberry fruit was lower than in herbal blends. Research showed that adding dried rowan fruits to herbal blends may contribute to a decrease in PAT levels (r = 0.8581; p = .0031). Looking for such technological methods creating the most unfavorable conditions for the biosynthesis of patulin in medicinal raw materials is extremely important from the point of view of medical and pharmaceutical care.
A novel aggregated multiple criteria decision‐making approach to evaluate the physical workload of workers
Authors: Ekinci Elmas Burcu Mamak , Can Gülin Feryal 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhysical workload (PWL) is a measure of the physical resources consumed by a worker while performing a task. Analyzing the PWL of workers can aid experts in identifying workers whose working conditions should be improved. Identifying workers who are exposed to the highest PWL is essential for task continuity and occupational health. In this study, a new approach is proposed to prioritize workers according to their PWL levels. In the proposed approach, multiple criteria decision‐making techniques are used because different factors can affect PWL levels. Eight criteria, that is, standard time, frequency of working posture, heart rate, the risk level of posture, noise level, lighting intensity, rest period, and perceived workload level are considered. In the evaluation process, criteria weights are computed using entropy considering measurements of the eight criteria for each worker. Using these weights in multiobjective optimization by simple ratio analysis, multiobjective optimization by ratio analysis, and multiattributive ideal‐real comparative analysis methods, workers are ranked according to their PWL levels. The final order of workers is determined by aggregating different rankings obtained from these three methods, using the technique of precise order preference method. This study presents original research that can potentially contribute to the literature by considering different perspectives offered by various methods for PWL evaluation. It focuses on several different criteria by performing real measurements and subsequently ranking workers based on the aggregation of these measurements.
Oncogenic potential of human pluripotent stem cell‐derived lung organoids with HER2 overexpression
Authors: Miura Akihiro , Yamada Daisuke , Nakamura Masahiro , Tomida Shuta , Shimizu Dai , Jiang Yan , Takao Tomoka , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Suzawa Ken , Shien Kazuhiko , Yamane Masaomi , Sakaguchi Masakiyo , Toyooka Shinichi , Takarada Takeshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common types among lung cancers generally arising from terminal airway and understanding of multistep carcinogenesis is crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategy for LUAD. Here we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to establish iHER2‐hiPSCs in which doxycycline induced the expression of the oncoprotein human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/ERBB2. Lung progenitors that differentiated from iHER2‐hiPSCs, which expressed NKX2‐1/TTF‐1 known as a lung lineage maker, were cocultured with human fetal fibroblast and formed human lung organoids (HLOs) comprising alveolar type 2‐like cells. HLOs that overexpressed HER2 transformed to tumor‐like structures similar to atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, which is known for lung precancerous lesion and upregulated the activities of oncogenic signaling cascades such as RAS/RAF/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. The degree of morphological irregularity and proliferation capacity were significantly higher in HLOs from iHER2‐hiPSCs. Moreover, the transcriptome profile of the HLOs shifted from a normal lung tissue‐like state to one characteristic of clinical LUAD with HER2 amplification. Our results suggest that hiPSC‐derived HLOs may serve as a model to recapitulate the early tumorigenesis of LUAD and would provide new insights into the molecular basis of tumor initiation and progression.
Validation of the Brief Sense of Community Scale in a lesbian, gay, and bisexual sample
Authors: Griffin James A. , Eldridge‐Smith Elizabeth D. , Kridel Matthew M. , Draheim Amanda A. , Stepleman Lara M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSense of community can buffer against negative mental health outcomes in lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals. Valid measurement of this construct can better inform research, assessment, and intervention designed to promote well‐being in this population. The present study aims to evaluate the validity of the Brief Sense of Community Scale (BSCS) among sexual minority individuals. The scale was administered to 219 LGB participants within a larger assessment of health needs in a southern lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population. Validity evidence was evaluated using the Downing model. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed good fit for a second‐order model, supporting internal structure validity. Acceptable to excellent internal validity was demonstrated. Correlational analyses revealed negative relations with loneliness, internalized homophobia, and poor mental health. This study provides evidence for the use of the BSCS in an LGB population and demonstrates the utility in measuring the sense of community in sexual minority individuals.
Trends in demographic and clinical characteristics and initiation of antiretroviral therapy among adult patients enrolling in HIV care in the Central Africa International epidemiology Database to Evaluate AIDS (CA‐IeDEA) 2004 to 2018
Authors: Adedimeji Adebola A , Hoover Donald R , Shi Qiuhu , Kim Hae‐Young , Brazier Ellen , Ross Jonathan , Murenzi Gad , Twizere Christella , Lelo Patricia , Nsonde Dominique , Ajeh Rogers , Dzudie Anastase , Nash Denis , Yotebieng Marcel , Anastos Kathryn ,   for the Central Africa IeDEA Consortium
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe Central Africa International epidemiology Database to Evaluate AIDS (CA‐IeDEA) is an open observational cohort study investigating impact, progression and long‐term outcomes of HIV/AIDS among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Republic of Congo (ROC) and Rwanda. We describe trends in demographic, clinical and immunological characteristics as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART) use of patients aged > 15 years entering into HIV care in the participating CA‐IeDEA site.MethodsInformation on sociodemographic characteristics, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), CD4 cell count, WHO staging and ART status at entry into care from 2004 through 2018 were extracted from clinic records of patients aged > 15 years enrolling in HIV care at participating clinics in Burundi, Cameroon, DRC, ROC and Rwanda. We assessed trends in patient characteristics at enrolment in HIV care including ART initiation within the first 30 days after enrolment in care and calculated proportions, means and medians (interquartile ranges) for the main variables of interest.ResultsAmong 69,176 patients in the CA‐IeDEA cohort, 39% were from Rwanda, 24% from ROC, 18% from Cameroon, 14% from Burundi and 5% from DRC. More women (66%) than men enrolled in care and subsequently initiated ART. Women were also younger than men (32 vs. 38 years, P < 0.001) at enrolment and at ART initiation. Trends over time show increases in median CD4 cell count at enrolment from 190 cells/µL in 2004 to 334 cells/µL in 2018 at enrolment. Among those with complete data on CD4 counts (60%), women had a higher median CD4 cell count at care entry than men (229 vs. 249 cells/µL, P < 0.001). Trends in the proportion of patients using ART within 30 days of enrolment at the participating site show an increase from 16% in 2004 to 75% in 2018.ConclusionsTrends from 2004 to 2018 in the characteristics of patients participating in the CA‐IeDEA cohort highlight improvements at entry into care and subsequent ART initiation including after the implementation of Treat All guidelines in the participating sites.
Effects of konjac glucomannan on the long‐term retrogradation and shelf life of boiled wheat noodles
Authors: Ge Zhenzhen , Wang Weijing , Gao Shanshan , Xu Mingyue , Liu Mengpei , Wang Xiaoyuan , Zhang Lihua , Zong Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDStarch retrogradation and moisture migration of boiled wheat noodles (BWNs) result in quality deterioration and short shelf life. The objective of this research was to investigate whether konjac glucomannan (KGM) could improve the quality of BWNs and further establish the shelf‐life prediction model.RESULTSThe moisture distribution, recrystallization, and thermal properties of BWNs during refrigerated or ambient temperature storage were determined. Low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance data showed that KGM addition induced left‐shifts of T21 and T22 values, indicating that KGM limited the mobility of bound and immobile water among noodle matrices. X‐ray diffraction spectra revealed that KGM did not change the crystal patterns of BWNs but could inhibit the starch recrystallization after refrigerated storage. The Tp and ΔH values of retrograded samples notably (P < 0.05) decreased with the increase of KGM addition, suggesting the hinderance of starch retrogradation behavior by KGM. The shelf life of BWNs was predicted by accelerated storage test combined with the Arrhenius equation. The present data displayed that the predicted shelf life of vacuum‐packed and sterilized BWNs with 10 g kg−1 KGM at 25 °C was 733 days, 2.4‐fold that of the control group.CONCLUSIONBWNs with KGM addition could inhibit starch retrogradation and improve the storage stability, consequently promoting noodle quality. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.