bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Report of Enteroaggregative E. Coli Harbouring NDM-4 and NDM-7 From Asymptomatic Children in India
Authors: Mahindroo Jaspreet , Modgil Vinay , Chaudhary Pankaj , Bharti Bhavneet , Mohan Balvinder , Taneja Neelam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
For the first time in the world, we report Enteroaggregative E.coli harbouring blaNDM−4 and blaNDM−7 that were isolated from healthy children. NDM-4 and NDM-7 are associated with increased carbapenemase activity. Clonal spread, inter-strain and interspecies horizontal transfer of such resistant determinants in a healthy population will be a cause of concern.
Analysing the Impact of Carbon Emissions and Non-renewable Energy Use on Infant and Under-5 Mortality Rates in Europe: New Evidence Using Panel Quantile Regression
Authors: ADELEYE Bosede Ngozi , Tiwari Aviral Kumar , SHAH Muhammed Ibrahim , Ullah Saif 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The concentration of greenhouse gas emissions is considered to increase, and this can undermine the access to basic resources that are necessary for leading a healthy life such as access to food, water, health and environment. Environmental health is closely linked to human health and the world is witnessing an exponential increase in the trend of the greenhouse gas emissions which pose significant threat to both the environment and human health. Hence, this study contributes to the health-environment discourse and uses an unbalanced panel data on 46 European countries from 2005 to 2015 to investigate the impact of carbon emissions and non-renewable energy on infant and under-5 mortality rates. Consistent findings from static and dynamic analyses reveal that: (1) carbon emissions exhibit mortality-inducing properties; (2) non-renewable energy show mortality-reducing properties; (3) persistency in mortality rates exist; (4) the exacerbating (reducing) impact of emissions (non-renewable energy) dwindles (increases in absolute values) at higher distributions of mortality rates; and (5) Euro Union countries show lower mortality rates relative to non-Euro Union members. Policy recommendations are discussed.JEL Classification: I00, I10, I15, I18, I19
Health Utility and Its Risk Factors in University Staff in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey from an Occupational Health Perspective
Authors: Zhou Hui Jun , Luo Guo Fen , Naidoo Nasheen , Shen Jian , Gao Meng Meng , Cheng Wei Xin , Dai Yong Le , Wei Jie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: The health of university staff is a major occupational health concern worldwide. Studies have reported low health-related quality of life (HRQOL), low job satisfaction and poor mental health in this occupational group. However, none of previous studies have measured health utility and compared it to a national norm. Therefore, this study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the HRQOL of university staff in China and to identify risk factors influential to their health. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in a public university in China. Participants were interviewed face-to-face for demographic and socioeconomic information and health conditions. The Chinese version of the EQ-5D-5L instrument was used to measure HRQOL for calculating health utility. The relationship between health utility and sample characteristics was first examined using t-test and correlation analysis. Multivariate generalized linear models were further applied to evaluate the significance of these associations while adjusting for other variables. Results: The sample (n=154) had a mean age of 40.65 years and slightly more females (51.30%). The overall prevalence of diseases or symptoms was 81.17%. Participants attained the means (SDs) of 0.945 (0.073) and 83.00 (11.32) for the health utility and visual analogue scale respectively. The most affected domain was the anxiety/depression with 40.26% of participants reporting problems and 37.66% of the sample reported problems in the pain/discomfort domain. There were less than 5% participants reported problems in the mobility, self-care or daily activity domains individually. Multivariate models revealed that psychological/emotional conditions were associated with the largest utility loss of -0.067 (95%CI: -0.089, -0.045) followed by having a Master’s degree or higher (-0.048, 95%CI: -0.09, -0.005) and pain in body parts other than head, neck and back (-0.034, 95%CI: -0.055, -0.014).Conclusions: University staff in China may have worse HRQOL than the general population, which manifested mainly with the pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression domains. The significant factors for utility loss were having a Master’s degree or higher, psychological conditions and pain in body parts other than the head, neck and back. Targeted health promotion policies and programs should be created to benefit this occupational group and society overall.
Behavioral and Psychosocial Context of Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancers` Misuse
Authors: Tomažič Tina , Čelofiga Anita 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
In an effort for better memory, greater motivation and concentration, otherwise healthy individuals use Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancers (PCE), medicines for the treatment of cognitive deficits of patients with various disorders and health problems, to achieve greater productivity, efficiency, and performance.
Methods
In our study, we examined the use of PCE use among 289 students at the Slovenian Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in the behavioral and psychosocial context (students’ attitudes towards study, parents, health, leisure time and work). Furthermore, we addressed also the immediate reasons, or the hypothesized connections of behavioral and psychosocial aspects, related to PCE misuse. The study consisted of a structured questionnaire, and the chi-square tests were used.
Results
An analysis of student statements revealed differences in students` and parents` attitudes toward good academic grades. In addition, students chose among 17 values relating to relationships with parents, friends, partners, careers, study obligations, leisure, hobbies, material goods, appearance and the future, and assessed their importance. Regardless of the group they belonged to, young people cited the same values among the most important. Good grades and parental opinions have proven to be key factors in the context of PCE abuse.
Conclusions
This research was the first study to examine the relation between PCE misuse and the role of different behavioral and psychosocial factors. However, the further research is needed, both on the actual effects of PCE on healthy people, as well as on continuing research towards behavioral and psychosocial factors.
Research on Controlling Contact Electrification by Modification of Cellulose Molecule Surface with Amino Group
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Zhu Qiuxiao , Wang Tingting , Wang Xuchong , Sun Xiaoping , Wei Yuhe , Luo Lianxin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As a green material, cellulose is widely used in friction triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, the weak polarity of the cellulose surface leads to its weak contact electrification performance, which is not conducive to its utilization in TENGs. In this study, epoxy chloropropane and ethylenediamine were grafted onto cellulose to form paper and were assembled with an FEP film. The output voltage, current, and surface charge density were 34.9%, 26.7%, and 16.7% higher than those of ordinary paper, respectively. When 20% nano TiO2 filler was added to the paper made from amino-modified cellulose, the output voltage, current, and surface charge density of the TENG increased by 70.9%, 226.7%, and 122.2%, respectively, compared with ordinary paper. As the air humidity of the TENG increased from 60% to 90%, the output voltage, current, and surface charge density were maintained at 53.7%, 38.9%, and 61.0%, respectively. When a 5 × 107 Ω resistor was connected to the working circuit, its output power reached 13.78 μ W·cm2. This showed that cellulose as a green material has wide application prospects in the field of TENG.
A Strategy to Identify Event Specific Hospitalizations in Large Health Claims Databases
Authors: Lambert Joshua , Sandhu Harpal , Kean Emily , Xavier Teenu , Brokman Aviv , Steckler Zachary , Park Lee , Stromberg Arnold 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Health insurance claims data offer a unique opportunity to study disease distribution on a large scale. Challenges arise in the process of accurately analyzing these raw data. One important challenge to overcome is the accurate classification of study outcomes. For example, using claims data, there is no clear way of classifying hospitalizations due to a specific event. This is because of the inherent disjointedness and lack of context that typically come with raw claims data.
Methods
In this paper, we propose a framework for classifying hospitalizations due to a specific event.
Results
We then test this framework in a health insurance claims database with approximately 4 million US adults who tested positive with COVID-19 between March and December 2020. Our claims specific COVID-19 related hospitalizations proportion is then compared to nationally reported rates from the Centers for Disease Control by age and sex.
Conclusions
The proposed methodology is a rigorous way to define event specific hospitalizations in claims data. This methodology can be extended to many different types of events and used on a variety of different types of claims databases.
ILDR1 Promotes Influenza a Virus Replication Through Binding to PLSCR1
Authors: Liu Yueyue , Lin Shuqian , Xie Yunhui , Zhao Lu , Du Haibo , Yang Shifa , Yin Bin , Li Guiming , Zhao Zengcheng , Huang Zhongli , Xu Zhigang , Wu Jiaqiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As a natural antiviral regulator, phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) has been shown to inhibit influenza virus replication in infected cells through interacting with NP of influenza A virus (IAV). But its antiviral function as well as the underlying regulatory mechanism has not been examined in vivo. In the present work, we show that PLSCR1 expression is decreased in H1N1 SIV-infected mice, and Plscr1−/−mice are more susceptible to H1N1 SIV infection. By performing yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified immunoglobulin-like domain-containing receptor 1 (ILDR1) as a novel PLSCR1-binding partner. ILDR1 is highly expressed in the lungs, and its expression level is increased after virus infection. Interestingly, ILDR1 could not directly interact with virus NP protein, but could combine with PLSCR1 competitively. Our data indicates that there is a previously unidentified PLSCR1-ILDR1-NP regulatory pathway playing a vital role in limiting IAV infection, which provides novel insights into IAV-host interactions.
Complex Network Analysis of Carbon Emission Transfers under Global Value Chains
Authors: Wang Yanfang , Yao Jingmin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Accompanied with the increasing complicated global value chain (GVC) networks is the carbon emission transfers among countries. Utilizing the complex network analysis alongside quadratic assignment procedure (QAP), this paper detects the community structure and influencing forces of the emission transfers under GVCs. The results imply that the bipolar structure of the network transformed gradually to tripolar owing largely to the surging of carbon emissions from China. Evidence on the existence of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the emission transfers from high-income countries to low-income countries, and a U-shape relationship in the transfers in the reverse direction, suggesting that growing carbon emissions from both low- and high-income countries transferred to other high-income countries gradually. Gaps in technology, especially in patent applications, between source and destination countries played an important role therein. JEL: F14, F18, Q56, R15
Deposition, Microstructure and Nanoindentation of Multilayer Zr Nitride and Carbonitride Nanostructured Coatings
Authors: Ul-Hamid Anwar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nitrides, carbides, and carbonitrides of transition metal elements like Zr, W, Ti, etc. are generally employed to produce hard coatings. Zirconium-based hard coatings have shown useful applications in the areas of tribology, biomedicine and electrical due to their high thermal stability, hardness, biocompatibility, good erosion, wear, and corrosion resistance. In this study, we created homogeneous and tenacious nanostructured hard coatings based on Zr with good mechanical properties. The magnetron sputter deposition technique was utilized to coat stainless steel 316L substrates with multilayers of Zr/ZrN and ZrN/ZrCN with individual layer thicknesses of 250 and 500 nm for each coating composition. The deposition conditions were adjusted to create two different coating thicknesses of 2 and 3 µm. The thickness of the coating was confirmed using Calotest and the coatings’ morphology and elemental composition were determined utilizing the atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Coating thickness and adhesion were measured using cross-sectional samples and XRD was utilized to analyze the coatings structure. Nanoindenter was employed to determine the instrumental nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus. The influence of coating thickness on tribological behavior was further investigated using the ratio of nanohardness-to-elastic modulus (H/E). No evidence of decohesion was observed at the substrate/coatings interface, and the grains of all the coatings were observed to show columnar growth which were homogeneous, compact and dense. The grains of the ZrN/ZrCN coatings were observed to be denser, finer and more compact compared to those of the Zr/ZrN coatings. Correspondingly, higher hardness, modulus and H/E values were exhibited by ZrN/ZrCN than Zr/ZrN coatings. This suggests that the ZrN/ZrCN coatings are capable of exhibiting better wear resistance and fracture toughness. The coatings developed in this investigation are anticipated to be suitable for applications in tribology due to their excellent hardness and H/E properties.
Decrease in Regulatory T-cells and Increase in T Helper 17 Cells in Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Badiee Mina , Ghafourian Mehri , Ghadiri Ata A. , Salehi Abdolah Mousavi , Nikbakhat Roshan , Chinipardaz Rahim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAppearance of improper immune responses against the fetus and/or inadequate immunoregulatory mechanisms during pregnancy may lead to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). TH17 cells play a significant role in inducing inflammation, autoimmune disease, and acute transplant rejection, while regulatory T (Treg) cells moderate the function of immune system in order to retain homeostasis.MethodsThis case-control study was designed to evaluate TH17 as well as Treg cells in 25 women with RSA and 25 age-matched healthy non-pregnant women. Flow cytometric assay was performed using monoclonal antibodies to detect CD4+CD25+ Treg cells (CD25dim and CD25bright). FoxP3 and RORγt expressions were compared using real-time PCR, and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA kits. Independent-samples T test was employed for statistical analysis. ResultsThe ratio of CD4+CD25bright T cells was remarkably lower in women with RSA (P<0.05), and CD4+CD25dim T cells did not show any significant difference among the groups (P>0.05). RORγt was up-regulated, and FoxP3 was down-regulated significantly in case group (P<0.05). The significant increase of IL-6 and IL-17 as well as the decrease of TGF-β was indicated in RSA group (P<0.05). Also, IL-10 did not vary among the groups (P>0.05). ConclusionThese remarks prove that the decrease in regulatory factors such as CD4+CD25bright T-cells, TGF-β and FoxP3 expression may disrupt immune tolerance and homeostasis during pregnancy. Also, the environment rich in RORγt, IL-6, and IL-17 suggests the detrimental role of TH17 cells, which may lead to fetal rejection.
An HGF-dependent positive feedback loop between bladder cancer cells and fibroblasts mediates lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis
Authors: Chen Changhao , Li Yuting , Luo Yuming , Zheng Hanhao , Lin Yan , An Mingjie , Kong Yao , Zhao Yue , Yin Yina , Ai Le , Ya Yiyao , Huang Jian , Li Zhihua 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential etiologic actors in promoting tumor progression via extensive reciprocal interactions with cancer cells. Yet, the biological role and regulatory mechanism of CAFs phenotype underlying lymph node (LN) metastasis of bladder cancer (BCa) remain unclear. Here, we report that BCa cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) played an important role in the CAF-enriched microenvironment, which correlated with BCa lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis. RNA sequencing identified an EV-associated long noncoding RNA, LINC00665, which acted as a crucial mediator of CAF infiltration in BCa. LINC00665 mediated EV release from BCa cells to endow fibroblasts with the CAF phenotype, which reciprocally induced LINC00665 upregulation to form a RAB27B-HGF-c-Myc positive feedback loop, facilitating BCa lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis. Importantly, we demonstrate that Cabozantinib significantly suppressed LINC00665-mediated BCa LN metastasis in an orthotopic xenograft model. Our study highlights a molecular mechanism by which LINC00665 induces a RAB27B-HGF-c-Myc positive feedback loop between cancer cells and fibroblasts to sustain BCa LN metastasis, and represents LINC00665 as a potential therapeutic target in BCa LN metastasis.
Relationship Classification based on Dependency Parsing and Pre-training Model
Authors: Yin Baosheng , Sun Yifei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As an important part of information extraction, relationship extraction aims to extract the relationships between given entities from natural language text. On the basis of the pre-training model R-BERT, this paper proposes an entity relationship extraction method that integrates entity dependency path and pre-training model, which generates a dependency parse tree by dependency parsing, obtains the dependency path of entity pair via a given entity, and uses entity dependency path to exclude such information as modifier chunks and useless entities in sentences. This model has achieved good F1 value performance on the SemEval2010 Task 8 dataset. Experiments on dataset show that dependency parsing can provide context information for models and improve performance.
Spatial Statistical Machine Learning Models to Assess Health Vulnerabilities in Children
Authors: Areed Wala Draidi , Price Aiden , Arnett Kathryn , Mengersen Kerrie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The health and development of children during their first year of school is known to impact their social, emotional, and academic capabilities throughout and beyond early education. Physical health, motor development, social and emotional well-being, learning styles, language and communication, cognitive skills, and general knowledge are all considered to be important aspects of a child’s health and development. It is important for many organisations and governmental agencies to continually improve their understanding of the factors which determine or influence health vulnerabilities among children. This article studies the relationships between health vulnerabilities and educational factors among children in Queensland, Australia. In Queensland, the percentage of children who are developmentally vulnerable in at least one domain in 2018 was around 26%, and the overall percentage of attendance at preschool was around 75.4% These are the lowest rates among all states and territories of Australia. There is also substantial geographic variation in rates across the state. Methods: Spatial statistical machine learning models are reviewed and compared in the context of a study of geographic variation in the association between health vulnerabilities and attendance at preschool among children in Queensland, Australia. A new spatial random forest (SRF) model is suggested that can explain more of the spatial variation in data than other approaches.Results: In the case study, spatial models were shown to provide a better fit compared to models that ignored the spatial variation in the data. The SRF model was shown to be the only model which can explain all of the spatial variation in each of the health vulnerabilities considered in the case study. The spatial analysis revealed that the attendance at preschool factor has a strong influence on the physical health domain vulnerability and emotional maturity vulnerability among children in their first year of school. Conclusion: This study confirmed that it is important to take into account the spatial nature of data when fitting statistical machine learning models. A new spatial random forest model was introduced and was shown to explain more of the spatial variation and provide a better model fit in the case study of health vulnerabilities among children in Queensland. At small-area population level (statistical area level 2 (SA2)), increased attendance at preschool was strongly associated with reduced physical and emotional health vulnerabilities among children in their first year of school.
Effect of Exogenous and Endogenous Sulfide on The Production and The Export of Methylmercury by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria
Authors: Barrouilhet Sophie , Monperrus Mathilde , Tessier Emmanuel , Khalfaoui-Hassani Bahia , Guyoneaud Remy , Isaure Marie-Pierre , Goñi-Urriza Marisol 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant of environmental and health concern; its methylated form, methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxin. Sulfur-containing molecules play a role in MeHg production by microorganisms. While sulfides are considered to limit Hg methylation, sulfate and cysteine were shown to favor this process. However, these two forms can be endogenously converted by microorganisms into sulfide. Here, we explore the effect of sulfide (produced by the cell or supplied exogenously) on Hg methylation. For this purpose, Pseudodesulfovibrio hydrargyri BerOc1 was cultivated in non-sulfidogenic conditions with addition of cysteine and sulfide as well as in sulfidogenic conditions. We report that Hg methylation depends on sulfide concentration in the culture rather than on the initial form of sulfur (cysteine, sulfide or sulfate) added, and was independent of hgcA expression. Interestingly, MeHg production was maximal at 0.1-0.5 mM of sulfides. Besides, a strong positive correlation between MeHg in the extracellular medium and the increase of sulfide concentrations was observed, suggesting a facilitated MeHg export with sulfide and/or higher desorption from the cell. We demonstrate that sulfides (exogenous or endogenous) play a key role in controlling mercury methylation, and should be considered when investigating the impact of Hg on natural environments.