bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologicаl peculiаrities of hepatitis B virus infection in Hemodiаlysis pаtients from the Republic of Moldovа
Authors: JOSАNU Cristinа 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Hemodiаlysis pаtients аre аt higher risk of trаnsmitting virаl infections, including hepаtitis B virus (HBV) infection, due to the frequent need for blood trаnsfusions аnd the potential exposure to contаminаted diаlysis equipment.
Mаteriаl аnd methods. The study was conducted on a risk group of 121 hemodiаlysis pаtients, аged between 18 аnd 70 yeаrs, the meаn аge being 48.1±13.1 yeаrs.
Results. The prevalence of the serological mаrker of hepаtitis B virus (HBsАg) accounted for 7.4±2.4% (n=9) of cases and no аnti-HBs mаrker wаs detected in 47.7±5.3% of the hemodiаlysis pаtients investigаted. Mаles were positive for the HBsАg mаrker in 8.7±3.4% (n=6) of cases, whereas most patients being from the Central Аreа (13.8±6.5%).
Conclusion. The serological prevalence of the hepatitis B virus infections markers, аs well аs the аssessment of the immune response in people undergoing hemodiаlysis treаtment might outline the bаsic monitoring and control tools in the development of specific аntiepidemic meаsures against this infection.
Epidemiological situation regarding the new type of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) among healthcare workers in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: DASCALOV Alexandr 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The emergence of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a rapid spread of the novel infection (COVID-19) worldwide. Since February 1, 2021, to date, more than 103,989,900 cases and more than 2 million deaths have been reported globally. The infection incidence and death rate among medical staff worldwide, as well as in the Republic of Moldova continues to be very high, whereas the preventive measures to prevent infections among medical staff remains imperative.
Material and methods. Data on morbidity, incidence, prevalence and mortality of COVID-19 were analyzed and evaluated among healthcare workers, based on the selection of data from the digital information-epidemiological surveillance system of COVID-19 infection with SARS CoV-2 virus. The epidemiological methods (retrospective, prospective) recommended by WHO, CDC, ECDC were used.
Results. Until 01.02.2021, the Republic of Moldova registered 153,371 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers, of which 4,103 were doctors, 6,406 were nurses, 4,435 were auxiliary staff, and over 70 employees of medical institutions died.
Conclusions. The share of infection cases among medical staff accounts for 9.45% out of the total number of infections and about 39.08% of infections were registered in Chisinau. Most cases were registered among nurses (41.7%), whereas female health workers are more frequently affected (80.4%), the ratio of female to male being of 4:1.
Resolving the Radio Emission from the Quasar P172+18 at z = 6.82
Authors: Momjian Emmanuel , Bañados Eduardo , Carilli Christopher L. , Walter Fabian , Mazzucchelli Chiara 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present high angular resolution imaging of the quasar PSO J172.3556+18.7734 at z = 6.82 with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). This source currently holds the record of being the highest redshift radio-loud quasar. These observations reveal a dominant radio source with a flux density of 398.4 ± 61.4 μJy at 1.53 GHz, a deconvolved size of 9.9 × 3.5 mas (52.5 × 18.6 pc), and an intrinsic brightness temperature of (4.7 ± 0.7) × 107 K. A weak unresolved radio extension from the main source is also detected at the ∼3.1σ level. The total flux density recovered with the VLBA at 1.53 GHz is consistent with that measured with the Very Large Array (VLA) at a similar frequency. The quasar is not detected at 4.67 GHz with the VLBA, suggesting a steep spectral index with a limit of

1.55. The quasar is also not detected with the VLBA at 7.67 GHz. The overall characteristics of the quasar suggest that it is a very young radio source similar to lower redshift gigahertz peaked spectrum radio sources, with an estimated kinematic age of ∼103 yr. The VLA observations of this quasar revealed a second radio source in the field 23.″1 away. This radio source, which does not have an optical or IR counterpart, is not detected with the VLBA at any of the observed frequencies. Its nondetection at the lowest observed VLBA frequency suggests that it is resolved out, implying a size larger than ∼0.″17. It is thus likely situated at lower redshift than the quasar.
A Pluto–Charon Concerto. II. Formation of a Circumbinary Disk of Debris after the Giant Impact
Authors: Kenyon Scott J. , Bromley Benjamin C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using a suite of numerical calculations, we consider the long-term evolution of circumbinary debris from the Pluto–Charon giant impact. Initially, these solids have large eccentricity and pericenters near Charon’s orbit. On timescales of 100–1000 yr, dynamical interactions with Pluto and Charon lead to the ejection of most solids from the system. As the dynamics moves particles away from the barycenter, collisional damping reduces the orbital eccentricity of many particles. These solids populate a circumbinary disk in the Pluto–Charon orbital plane; a large fraction of this material lies within a “satellite zone” that encompasses the orbits of Styx, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra. Compared to the narrow rings generated from the debris of a collision between a trans-Neptunian object and Charon, disks produced after the giant impact are much more extended and may be a less promising option for producing small circumbinary satellites.
Cloud Parameterizations and their Effect on Retrievals of Exoplanet Reflection Spectroscopy
Authors: Mukherjee Sagnick , Batalha Natasha E. , Marley Mark S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Future space-based direct imaging missions will perform low-resolution (R < 100) optical (0.3–1 μm) spectroscopy of planets, thus enabling reflected spectroscopy of cool giants. Reflected light spectroscopy is encoded with rich information about the scattering and absorbing properties of planet atmospheres. Given the diversity of clouds and hazes expected in exoplanets, it is imperative that we solidify the methodology to accurately and precisely retrieve these scattering and absorbing properties that are agnostic to cloud species. In particular, we focus on determining how different cloud parameterizations affect resultant inferences of both cloud and atmospheric composition. We simulate mock observations of the reflected spectra from three top-priority direct imaging cool giant targets with different effective temperatures, ranging from 135 to 533 K. We perform retrievals of cloud structure and molecular abundances on these three planets using four different parameterizations, each with an increasing level of cloud complexity. We find that the retrieved atmospheric and scattering properties depend strongly on the choice of cloud parameterization. For example, parameterizations that are too simplistic tend to overestimate the abundances. Overall, we are unable to retrieve precise/accurate gravity beyond ±50%. Lastly, we find that even reflected light spectroscopy with a low signal-to-noise ratio of 5 and low R = 40 gives cursory zeroth-order insights into the position of the cloud deck relative to the molecular and Rayleigh optical depth level.
Revealing a Centrally Condensed Structure in OMC-3/MMS 3 with ALMA High-resolution Observations
Authors: Morii Kaho , Takahashi Satoko , Machida Masahiro N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), we investigated the peculiar millimeter source MMS 3 located in the Orion Molecular Cloud 3 (OMC-3) region in the 1.3 mm continuum, CO (J = 2–1), SiO (J = 5–4), C18O (J = 2–1), N2D+ (J = 3–2), and DCN (J = 3–2) emissions. With the ALMA high angular resolution (∼0.″2), we detected a very compact and highly centrally condensed continuum emission with a size of 0.″45 × 0.″32 (P.A. = 0.°22). The peak position coincides with the locations of previously reported Spitzer/IRAC and X-ray sources within their positional uncertainties. We also detected an envelope with a diameter of ∼6800 au (P.A. = 75°) in the C18O (J = 2–1) emission. Moreover, a bipolar outflow was detected in the CO (J = 2–1) emission for the first time. The outflow is elongated roughly perpendicular to the long axis of the envelope detected in the C18O (J = 2–1) emission. Compact high-velocity CO gas in the (redshifted) velocity range of 22–30 km s−1, presumably tracing a jet, was detected near the 1.3 mm continuum peak. A compact and faint redshifted SiO emission was marginally detected in the CO outflow lobe. The physical quantities of the outflow in MMS 3 are somewhat smaller than those in other sources in the OMC-3 region. The centrally condensed object associated with the near-infrared and X-ray sources, the flattened envelope, and the faint outflow indicate that MMS 3 harbors a low-mass protostar with an age of ∼103 yr.
An Analysis Pipeline for CHIME/FRB Full-array Baseband Data
Authors: Michilli D. , Masui K. W. , Mckinven R. , Cubranic D. , Bruneault M. , Brar C. , Patel C. , Boyle P. J. , Stairs I. H. , Renard A. , Bandura K. , Berger S. , Breitman D. , Cassanelli T. , Dobbs M. , Kaspi V. M. , Leung C. , Mena-Parra J. , Pleunis Z. , Russell L. , Scholz P. , Siegel S. R. , Tendulkar S. P. , Vanderlinde K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) has become a leading facility for detecting fast radio bursts (FRBs) through the CHIME/FRB backend. CHIME/FRB searches for fast transients in polarization-summed intensity data streams that have 24 kHz spectral and 1 ms temporal resolution. The intensity beams are pointed to predetermined locations in the sky. A triggered baseband system records the coherent electric field measured by each antenna in the CHIME array at the time of FRB detections. Here we describe the analysis techniques and automated pipeline developed to process these full-array baseband data recordings. Whereas the real-time FRB detection pipeline has a localization limit of several arcminutes, offline analysis of baseband data yields source localizations with subarcminute precision, as characterized by using a sample of pulsars and one repeating FRB with known positions. The baseband pipeline also enables resolving temporal substructure on a microsecond scale and the study of polarization including detections of Faraday rotation.
Probing Elastic Quark Phases in Hybrid Stars with Radius Measurements
Authors: Pereira Jonas P. , Bejger Michał , Tonetto Lucas , Lugones Germán , Haensel Paweł , Zdunik Julian Leszek , Sieniawska Magdalena 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The internal composition of neutron stars is currently largely unknown. Due to the possibility of phase transitions in quantum chromodynamics, stars could be hybrid and have quark cores. We investigate some imprints of elastic quark phases (only when perturbed) on the dynamical stability of hybrid stars. We show that they increase the dynamical stability window of hybrid stars in the sense that the onset of instabilities happens at larger central densities than the ones for maximum masses. In particular, when the shear modulus of a crystalline quark phase is taken at face value, the relative radius differences between elastic and perfect-fluid hybrid stars with null radial frequencies (onset of instability) would be up to 1%–2%. Roughly, this would imply a maximum relative radius dispersion (on top of the perfect-fluid predictions) of 2%–4% for stars in a given mass range exclusively due to the elasticity of the quark phase. In the more agnostic approach where the estimates for the quark shear modulus only suggest its possible order of magnitude (due to the many approximations taken in its calculation), the relative radius dispersion uniquely due to a quark phase elasticity might be as large as 5%–10%. Finally, we discuss possible implications of the above dispersion of radii for the constraint of the elasticity of a quark phase with electromagnetic missions such as NICER, eXTP, and ATHENA.
Upper Limit on Brackett-γ Emission from the Immediate Accretion Flow onto the Galactic Black Hole
Authors: Ciurlo Anna , Morris Mark R. , Campbell Randall D. , Ghez Andrea M. , Do Tuan , Chu Devin S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the first observational constraint on the Brackett-γ (Brγ) recombination line emission associated with the supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy, known as Sgr A*. By combining 13 yr of data with the adaptive optics fed integral field spectrograph OSIRIS at the W. M. Keck Observatory obtained as part of the Galactic Center Orbits Initiative, we extract the near-infrared spectrum within ∼0.2″ of the black hole and we derive an upper limit on the Brγ flux. The aperture was set to match the size of the disk-like structure that was recently reported based on millimeter-wave Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the hydrogen recombination line, H30α. Our stringent upper limit is at least a factor of 80 (and up to a factor of 245) below what would be expected from the ALMA measurements and strongly constrains possible interpretation of emission from this highly underluminous supermassive black hole.
Analyzing Supergranular Power Spectra Using Helioseismic Normal-mode Coupling
Authors: Hanson Chris S. , Hanasoge Shravan , Sreenivasan Katepalli R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Normal-mode coupling is a technique applied to probe the solar interior using surface observations of oscillations. The technique, which is straightforward to implement, makes more use of the seismic information in the wave field than other comparable local imaging techniques and therefore has the potential to significantly improve current capabilities. Here, we examine supergranulation power spectra using mode-coupling analyses of intermediate-to-high-degree modes by invoking a Cartesian-geometric description of wave propagation under the assumption that the localized patches are much smaller in size than the solar radius. We extract the supergranular power spectrum and compare the results with prior helioseismic studies. Measurements of the dispersion relation and lifetimes of supergranulation, obtained using near surface modes (f and p
1), are in accord with the literature. We show that the cross-coupling between the p
2 and p
3 acoustic modes, which are capable of probing greater depths, are also sensitive to supergranulation.
Des mobilités discrètes en milieu populaire
Authors: Misset Séverine , Noûs Camille 
Published: April 2021

Cet article analyse des déplacements professionnels « discrets » au sein de fractions stabilisées des classes populaires, à partir d’un dispositif d’enquête original et collectif, constitué de monographies de ménages. L’approche proposée met en évidence une logique de « maisonnée » éclairant ces mobilités professionnelles. La prise en compte de l’articulation entre quatre dimensions – patrimoniale, résidentielle, éducative, professionnelle – potentiellement constitutives de formes de respectabilité populaire, s’avère ainsi heuristique pour analyser les effets contrastés de cette logique de « maisonnée ».
Du divan à la lutte
Authors: Smaoui Sélim 
Published: April 2021

Bien que centrale dans tout vécu militant, la « réalisation de soi » ne se laisse pas saisir aisément. En démontrant comment la lutte collective actualise des formes de rapport à soi qui ont été éprouvées au long cours par les individus, cet article donne une consistance sociologique à cette expérience individuelle. Centré sur l’exemple d’une femme engagée pour élucider la « vérité » sur un crime d’État, il montre comment ce combat politique a reconfiguré un travail sur soi débuté au cours d’une cure psychanalytique, et indique combien la remise de soi à une cause est inextricablement liée au sentiment de se réaliser à travers celle-ci.
Regard sur une démarche évaluative « partenariale » municipale : recompositions et résistances des professionnels dans l’école
Authors: Flamant Anouk 
Published: April 2021

Cet article s’intéresse à une démarche évaluative entreprise par l’observatoire POLOC de deux projets éducatifs de territoire (PEDT) dans deux grandes villes. L’enquête interroge la manière dont les acteurs de terrain, en particulier les équipes d’enseignants et d’animateurs, répondent aux demandes de développement et de renforcement des partenariats pour favoriser la réussite éducative des enfants. Notre article analyse tout d’abord comment les équipes vont résister initialement à de nouvelles missions, en particulier la manière dont les différents directeurs d’école et d’animation s’emparent du « sale boulot » pour protéger leurs équipes. Ensuite, notre travail démontre que cette démarche évaluative est mobilisée certes pour limiter le partenariat entre les deux professions, mais aussi pour affirmer leur légitimité dans l’école et porter certaines de leurs revendications professionnelles à leur hiérarchie. Cette démarche partenariale permet enfin d’affirmer le registre scolaire comme le registre dominant des échanges entre les acteurs.
Correlation between maxillary cuspid impaction with available space and anomalies of maxillary lateral incisors
Authors: Rohani Kimia , Eslamian Ladan , Nahvi Golnaz 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Association of cuspid impaction with adjacent lateral incisor anomalies is under controversy. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between maxillary cuspid impaction with dental anomalies.

Material and Methods:
In this in vitro experimental study, the material consisted of pretreatment dental records of 102 patients with at least one palatally or buccally displaced impacted permanent cuspid (palatal and buccal impaction groups). They were matched with a comparison control group of 102 patients having normally erupted maxillary cuspids. Available space, mesiodistal dimensions of teeth, and morphologic parameters of lateral incisors were measured using the digital caliper. Comparison of mean values of lateral incisors anomalies and severity of crowding between different groups were performed using the one-way ANOVA test, and the analysis of associations between position of the impaction and anomaly of the lateral incisors and severity of crowding was performed using the Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference in the arch length–tooth size discrepancy between the cuspid impaction groups and control group. The impaction group (buccal or palatal) presented statistically significant differences in terms of anomalies of maxillary lateral incisor compared to the control group. Peg-shaped lateral incisor was related to buccal cuspid impaction and microdontia had relationship with palatal cuspid impaction.

Conclusion:
There is the relationship between cuspid impaction and adjacent lateral incisor abnormality, but no difference was observed between buccal and palatal cuspid impactions. Crowding revealed no relationship with cuspid impaction (buccal or palatal) in this study.
Community-Based Yoga for Women Undergoing Substance Use Disorder Treatment
Authors: Galantino Mary Lou , Turetzkin Sarah , Lawlor Shauna , Jones Lafutima , Brooks Jennifer C 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Women with substance use disorders (SUD) receive medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with behavioral interventions and counseling for recovery. Evidence supports the use of yoga for SUD; however few studies specifically feature women.

Objectives:
Community-based yoga may add to health promotion through preferable physical activity for women in recovery. The aims of this study are to explore demographics and quantitative measures relevant to recovery and capture and understand the subjective experience of one session of yoga.

Study Design:
The study design involves Descriptive/Cross-sectional.

Methodology:
Women in an inpatient SUD center attending weekly optional off-site yoga for recovery were recruited to capture first-time attendance. Survey data included Medical Outcomes Survey 12-item short-form (SF-12), Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), demographics, and narrative reflections. Recruitment opportunities occurred weekly during ongoing hour-long classes.

Results:
Twenty-nine women (average age 36.6) with primarily opiate-based addictions completed surveys. SF-12 was below the normative value of 50 for both subscales. BRS scores showed averages on the low end of normal resiliency. The frequency of responses to writing prompts confirmed physical and mental well-being through yoga intervention. Women shared potential relapse prevention specifically attributed to the mindfulness component of the intervention.

Conclusion:
The SF-12, BRS, and TMS are brief, valid, and reliable and can be easily incorporated in clinical practice or future research. Suboptimal SF-12 scores were found in women with SUD and, therefore important to note in the context of recovery to optimize treatment. Subjective reports from the participants find community-based yoga an enjoyable and beneficial type of physical activity. Yoga may be a viable option for comprehensive mind-body intervention for this population.
Effects of Yoga Exercises on Diabetic Mellitus as Validated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Honnedevasthana Arush Arun , Vatsalya S , Chikop Shivaprasad Ashok , Geethanath Sairam 
Published: April 2021

Context and Aims:
Effects of practicing yoga in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients have been identified to improve in control of blood glucose levels. The purpose of this work is to evaluate changes in blood flow of calf muscles after specific yoga postures for patients with DM using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Time of flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography maximum intensity projection (MIP), T1 maps, T2 maps, and diffusion-weighted Imaging are performed on volunteers and DM patients both pre- and post-exercise.

Materials and Methods:
TOF MIP, T1 maps with variable flip angles, and T2-weighted spin-echo imaging were performed on four volunteers (aged 30 ± 5) and DM patients (aged 32–68) preexercise, on a 1.5 T Siemens scanner. The total acquisition time was 6 min 20 s. Each volunteer and DM patient were then requested to perform yoga postures Supta Padangusthasana, Utkatasana, and Calf raise for 6 min 30 s at maximum effort, outside the scanner, and subsequently rescanned. To calculate significant signal increase, region of interests was drawn on TOF MIP coronal images in arteries of calf muscles. Student t-tests were performed to determine statistical significance.

Results:
Among volunteers, a significant signal increase in arteries of calf muscles was noticed, signal intensity graphs were plotted. In DM patients, signal increase in TOF MIP, T2-weighted images were seen in specific arteries (posterior, anterior tibial, and posterior tibial) of calf muscles postexercise.

Discussion and Conclusions:
The study indicates that yoga has a positive short-term effect on multiple DM-related foot complications. This study depicts that MRI provides potential insight into the benefits of yoga for DM patients through deriving biomarkers for preventive medicine relevant to yoga interception.