bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of noise and vibration characteristics of an IPMSM with modular‐type winding arrangements having three‐phase sub‐modules for fault‐tolerant applications
Authors: Shah Sayyed Haleem , Wang Xiaoyuan , Abubakar Usman , Wang Lixin , Gao Peng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe noise and vibration level in modular‐type permanent magnet synchronous machines with fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW) is considered to be an important design consideration, particularly for applications requiring fault tolerance. In this work, an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) with FSCW is designed in a modular manner by dividing its stator windings into different arrangements having independent three‐phase sub‐modules with separate neutral points. First, the modular concentrated winding arrangement is studied to investigate the radial forces, vibration, and the associated noise level in the prototype machine having three‐phase sub‐modules under open‐circuit fault conditions. Then, another type of distributed three‐phase sub‐module winding arrangement is analysed to further investigate the vibration and noise level in the same prototype machine under the same operating conditions. A detailed two‐dimensional (2D) fast Fourier transform analysis is performed to investigate and compare the machine radial forces, induced harmonics, and sub‐harmonics for the two analysed winding arrangements. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of both the winding arrangements, the third type of mixed concentrated and distributed three‐phase sub‐modules winding arrangement is introduced in this work, combining the first two winding design approaches. A comprehensive harmonic (3D) structure, along with the vibration and noise analysis, is performed using a multi‐physics model analysis for all the winding arrangements under different three‐phase sub‐modules open‐circuit fault conditions. Lastly, the vibration levels of all the machine prototype models under different winding arrangements are experimentally validated. Moreover, the different modular types of winding arrangements are deeply investigated in this work to suggest the best winding arrangement approach that enables the machine to work in a wide range of applications requiring lower power levels or under critical, faulty, and hostile conditions. The proposed winding arrangement has reduced stator deformation with a reduced vibration and noise level under three‐phase sub‐modules open‐circuit fault‐tolerant conditions that can be used according to process requirements.
ADAPT system is a dramatic advance in computer-assisted surgery for femoral trochanteric fractures
Authors: Murakami Tomotoshi , Yamazaki Kazuhiro , Ogasa Hiroyoshi 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: In recent years, computer-assisted surgery has made it possible to undergo surgery with a high degree of precision. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of computer-assisted surgery for femoral trochanteric fractures using the ADAPT (ADAptive Positioning Technology) system. Methods: A total of forty patients with femoral trochanteric fracture underwent intramedullary nailing for fracture fixation: in twenty patients, the ADAPT system (ADAPT group), and in the other twenty, it was not used (control group). The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, tip apex distance (TAD), and tip to head surface distance (TSD) were measured and compared between the two groups to assess the efficiency and accuracy of the surgery. Results: The operative time was significantly shorter (P < 0.05), intraoperative fluoroscopy time was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), and implant placement was significantly better in the ADAPT group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Navigation systems have been developed to improve the efficiency of surgery. The ADAPT system was considered a very useful device for intramedullary nailing of femoral trochanteric fractures, as it reduced the intraoperative fluoroscopy time and improved the accuracy of implant placement, also reducing the operative time.
Neozytolyse: Ein Konzept aus der Raumfahrt konnte in den Schweizer Alpen nicht bestätigt werden
Authors: Kaestner Lars , Klein Marie , Bogdanova Anna Y. , Minetti Giampaolo , Rudloff Silvia , Lundby Carsten , Makhro Asya , Seiler Elena , van Cromvoirt Ankie , Fenk Simone , Simionato Greta , Hertz Laura , Recktenwald Steffen , Schäfer Larissa , Haider Thomas , Fried Sebastian , Borsch Christian , Marti Hugo H. , Sander Anja , Mairbäurl Heimo 
Published: November 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGNeozytolyse bezeichnet die bevorzugte Zerstörung von jungen roten Blutzellen (Neozyten), wenn zu viele Erythrozyten vorhanden sind. Das kommt in der Raumfahrt oder beim Abstieg nach langem Höhenaufenthalt vor. Mit dem Ziel, die Existenz von Neozytolyse erstmals zu beweisen, haben wir in der Forschungsstation Jungfraujoch (3450 Hm) eine prospektive Studie durchgeführt. Neu gebildete Erythrozyten von 12 männlichen Probanden wurden durch Einnahme von nichtradioaktivem Glyzin mit seltenen Isotopen markiert: in Heidelberg (110 Hm) und während eines 19-tägigen Aufenthalts (3450 Hm). Die Eliminationsdynamik für Erythrozyten, die in Normoxie und in großer Höhe produziert wurden, unterschied sich nicht. Zusammen mit Änderungen der Retikulozytenzahlen konnte damit das Konzept der Neozytolyse nicht bestätigt werden.
Diel vertical movements of a coastal predator, the roosterfish (
Authors: Vaudo Jeremy J. , Logan Ryan K. , Wetherbee Bradley M. , Harvey Jessica C. , Harvey Guy C. McN. , Shivji Mahmood S. 
Published: November 2021

The roosterfish (Nematistius pectoralis) is a piscivorous predator targeted extensively in recreational fisheries throughout the eastern tropical Pacific; however, its biology is poorly understood. To address these shortcomings, we investigated vertical habitat use and behaviour of roosterfish in coastal Panama using pop-up satellite archival tags. Nearly 5000 h of vertical movement data across 274 days from five fish showed that roosterfish largely used the upper 10 m and 20 m of the water column during the night-time and daytime respectively, and rarely left the mixed layer. Roosterfish diving behaviour showed a clear diurnal pattern, with oscillatory dives beginning during dawn and continuing through dusk. Accelerometer data showed that this period was also associated with a sharp increase in activity during dawn and a decrease around sunset. Whereas previous work in shallow systems (<20 m) with limited structure showed that roosterfish were vertically active sporadically throughout the day and mostly during crepuscular periods, our study showed that in a habitat with continuous structure, roosterfish were continuously vertically active from dawn till dusk, possibly because foraging behaviours were limited by light levels rather than prey-congregating structure. Such changes in dive patterns illustrate how habitat influences behaviour and the importance of studying organisms throughout their range.
Investigation on the interface trap characteristics in a p-channel GaN MOSFET through temperature-dependent subthreshold slope analysis
Authors: Chen Jiabo , Liu Zhihong , Wang Haiyong , Zhu Xiaoxiao , Zhu Dan , Zhang Tao , Duan Xiaoling , Ning Jing , Zhang Jincheng , Hao Yue 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a simple method based on subthreshold slopes was proposed to investigate the interface trap characteristics in a p-channel GaN MOSFET with a p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN structure on Si. The energy distribution of the interface trap density has been extracted from the analysis of the transfer characteristics in the subthreshold region of operation. The interface trap densities and respective energy distribution at both room temperature and 150 °C were also calculated from the ac conductance measurements at corresponding applied biases. Both characterization methods show similar results of trap densities and energy levels.
SINS attitude algorithm based on moving-window overdetermined polynomial fitting of gyro outputs
Authors: Fang Huai , Chang Guobin , Bao Zhi , Chen Kai , Han Xiannan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The attitude algorithm is the most important part of the whole strapdown inertial navigation processing. It calculates the attitude of certain parameterization by integrating the gyro outputs or measurements in a specifically tailored way according to the attitude kinematic differential equation. The measurements or some angular velocity models obtained by fitting these measurements are often assumed free of errors in order to assess the numerical errors only. However, the gyro outputs and hence the models from them are by no means free of measurement errors. It is more often than not that the measurement errors dominate the numerical ones in practice. In this study, with coping with the measurement errors as the focus, we aim to improve the angular velocity model which is used as input in an attitude integration algorithm. This is achieved by exploiting the potential of overdetermined least-squares polynomial fitting. In order to avoid reducing the update rate by incorporating more measurements, the moving window trick is employed to re-use measurements in the previous update interval. The conventional attitude algorithm with second-order approximation in solving the differential equation of the equivalent rotation vector is employed as an example; however, the proposed method can be readily applied to other parameterizations such as direction cosine matrix, quaternion or Rodrigues parameters, and other high order approximations in solving the differential equation widely studied recently.
A deuterated liquid scintillator for supernova neutrino detection
Authors: Chauhan Bhavesh , Dasgupta Basudeb , Datar Vivek 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For the next galactic supernova, operational neutrino
telescopes will measure the neutrino flux several hours before their
optical counterparts. Existing detectors, relying mostly on charged
current interactions, are mostly sensitive to ν̅e
and to a
lesser extent to νe
. In order to measure the flux of other
flavors
(νμ
,ν̅μ
,ντ
,and ν̅τ
),
we need to observe their neutral current interactions with the
detector. Such a measurement is not only crucial for overall
normalization of the supernova neutrino flux but also for
understanding the intricate neutrino oscillation physics. A
deuterium based detector will be sensitive to all neutrino
flavors. In this paper, we propose a 1 kton deuterated liquid
scintillator (DLS) based detector that will see about 435 neutral
current events and 170 (108) charged current νe
(ν̅e
)
events from a fiducial supernova at a distance of 10 kpc from
Earth. We explore the possibility of extracting spectral information
from the neutral current channel by measuring the quenched
kinetic energy of the proton in the final state, where the neutron
in the final state is tagged and used to reduce backgrounds. We also
discuss the secondary interactions of the recoil neutrons in
the detector.
Computational modelling of nerve stimulation and recording with peripheral visceral neural interfaces
Authors: Eiber Calvin D , Payne Sophie C , Biscola Natalia P , Havton Leif A , Keast Janet R , Osborne Peregrine B , Fallon James B 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjective.Neuromodulation of visceral nerves is being intensively studied for treating a wide range of conditions, but effective translation requires increasing the efficacy and predictability of neural interface performance. Here we use computational models of rat visceral nerve to predict how neuroanatomical variability could affect both electrical stimulation and recording with an experimental planar neural interface.Approach.We developed a hybrid computational pipeline,VisceralNerveEnsembleRecording andStimulation (ViNERS), to couple finite-element modelling of extracellular electrical fields with biophysical simulations of individual axons. Anatomical properties of fascicles and axons in rat pelvic and vagus nerves were measured or obtained from public datasets. To validate ViNERS, we simulated pelvic nerve stimulation and recording with an experimental four-electrode planar array.Main results.Axon diameters measured from pelvic nerve were used to model a population of myelinated and unmyelinated axons and simulate recordings of electrically evoked single-unit field potentials (SUFPs). Across visceral nerve fascicles of increasing size, our simulations predicted an increase in stimulation threshold and a decrease in SUFP amplitude. Simulated threshold changes were dominated by changes in perineurium thickness, which correlates with fascicle diameter. We also demonstrated that ViNERS could simulate recordings of electrically-evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) that were qualitatively similar to pelvic nerve recording made with the array used for simulation.Significance.We introduce ViNERS as a new open-source computational tool for modelling large-scale stimulation and recording from visceral nerves. ViNERS predicts how neuroanatomical variation in rat pelvic nerve affects stimulation and recording with an experimental planar electrode array. We show ViNERS can simulate ECAPS that capture features of our recordings, but our results suggest the underlying NEURON models need to be further refined and specifically adapted to accurately simulate visceral nerve axons.
Enhanced particle transport events approaching the density limit of the J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: Long T. , Diamond P.H. , Ke R. , Nie L. , Xu M. , Zhang X.Y. , Li B.L. , Chen Z.P. , Xu X. , Wang Z.H. , Wu T. , Tian W.J. , Yuan J.B. , Yuan B.D. , Gong S.B. , Xiao C.Y. , Gao J.M. , Hao Z.G. , Wang N.C. , Chen Z.Y. , Yang Z.J. , Gao L. , Ding Y.H. , Pan Y. , Chen W. , Hao G.Z. , Li J.Q. , Zhong W.L. , Duan X.R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Enhanced particle transport events are discovered and analyzed as the density limit of the J-TEXT tokamak is approached. Edge shear layer collapse is observed and the ratio of Reynolds power to turbulence production decreases. Simultaneously, the divergence of turbulence internal energy flux (i.e. turbulence spreading) increases, indicating that shear layer collapse triggers an outward spreading event. Studies of correlations show that the enhanced particle transport events are quasi-coherent, and manifested primarily in density fluctuations which exhibit positive skewness. Electron adiabaticity emerges as the critical parameter which signals transport event onset. For α < 0.35 as density approaches the Greenwald density, both turbulence spreading and density fluctuations rise rapidly. Taken together, these results elucidate the connections between edge shear layer, density fluctuations, particle transport events, turbulence spreading and plasma edge cooling as the density limit is approached.
Research on Digital Manufacturing of Lithium Battery Pilot Production Line Based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Xin Xu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to systematically study and verify the digital manufacturing archit ecture and its key technologies, to solve the problems that enterprises currently face in the process of transformation and upgrading of digital and network manufacturing, a lithium battery pilot production line was selected as the research object, using the virtual reality technology as the underlying foundation, integratedly tested and verified the technology contents of the production line including the virtual simulation technology, manufacturing execution construction, information acquisition, and equipment automated transformation required for the construction of a digital factory, tested and verified the inter-drive and mutual control of the pilot line digital twin with its physical entity. The results show that virtual reality technology can provide a virtual testing platform for digital manufacturing which improves the efficiency of automation transformation, digital production and network operation of the actual production lines. This can provide a useful reference for enterprises to achieve a higher degree of digital manufacturing and maintenance in the future.
Sequence learning-based schedule prediction for flexible manufacturing systems under uncertainties
Authors: Meilanitasari Prita , Shin Seung-Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study presents a method of production schedule prediction for flexible manufacturing systems with consideration of the uncertainty factors including limited machine capacity, diverse processing time and unplanned waiting time. The proposed method can predict product-level schedules using sequence learning, which derives data-learned models to predict production sequence proactively and granularly at the product-level. A decision tree technique is applied to derive such predictive models to pre-trace the locations of individual products allocated to each workstation. A deterministic technique is also applied to estimate waiting and production time per product as well as total production time consumed to fabricate all products assigned by work orders.
Production and transport of H2
+ into the IMISC superconducting cyclotron
Authors: Farhoodi K. , Setayeshi S. , Feghhi S.A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the current study, the design of the ion beam required by the IMSIC, from the ion source to the beam transport line are reported. IMSIC is a four-spiral-sector cyclotron designed to accelerate protons in the form of H2
+ particles up to 250 MeV. The required H2
+ particles source was designed in the form of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS) externally feeding the cyclotron through a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line. For ECRIS, both plasma confining and extractor systems were modeled conceptually and optimized to produce the required particle beam. The extracted beam was coupled with the LEBT line. To model the LEBT line two set of forces were considered: (i) forces originating from the external fields and (ii) space-charge forces originating from the beam internal fields. The LEBT line was designed to separate the desired ions from the undesired contaminations as well as to modify the desired beam before feeding to the cyclotron.
Investigation of the effect of copper contact pin on efficiency in HPGe detectors using Monte Carlo method
Authors: Uyar E. , Aksoy G. , Ünlü H. , Bölükdemir M.H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The full energy peak efficiency (FEPE) determined by
experimental or Monte Carlo (MC) simulation methods is a very
important parameter in HPGe detectors. Since FEPE depends on the
detector's geometric parameters, the parameters provided by the
manufacturer are of great importance in modeling the detector with
the MC method. The most important reason for the discrepancy between
MC and experimental calculations is the lack of accurate information
about the detector's geometric properties. The thickness of the
copper contact pin in the middle of the detector hole is not given
by the manufacturer. In this study, the effect of copper contact pin
thickness on detector efficiency was investigated by using the PHITS
3.24 MC simulation program both at different copper contact pin
radii and at different detector-source distances. The efficiency
values were calculated for photons in the energy range of
59.5 keV-1408 keV, at 4 different distances, namely 5 cm,
13.25 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm and for the radii of copper contact
pins increased from 1 mm to 3.5 mm at 0.5 mm intervals. According
to the results, it has been determined that the presence of copper
contact pins causes a change in detector efficiency up to 1.9%,
especially in the high energy region, and has no effect on the
detector efficiency in the low energy region. In addition, it has
been observed that the effect of copper contact pin thickness on
detector efficiency is almost independent of the source-detector
distance.
An adaptive masking method for beam halo measurement by a digital micro mirror device
Authors: Lin Q. , Sun Z. , Corbett J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In high intensity particle beams, irregularities in cathode
emission, scattering effects, dark current and space charge forces
can lead to a common phenomenon termed beam halo with associated
emittance growth, beam loss and overall beam quality degradation. It
is of fundamental interest and practical importance to precisely
monitor such beam halo, which could offer valuable insights into the
experimental strategy for the suppression of this undesired
feature [1]. A Digital Micro mirror Device (DMD) is a
computer-controlled micro-electrical-mechanical system that contains
a compact array of physically independent reflective mirrors. Using
a standard DMD, we come up with an adaptive masking method for halo
measurement, which demonstrates superior robustness and efficiency
comparing to the conventional approaches as confirmed by simulation
and experimental results. Our development includes an integrated
package of hardware, software and a graphic user interface (GUI)
that is robust and portable and can be applied as a beam halo
diagnostic for electron guns or radiating charged particle beams in
general.
A bio-inspired robotic climbing robot to understand kinematic and morphological determinants for an optimal climbing gait
Authors: Beck Hendrik K , Schultz Johanna T , Clemente Christofer J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Robotic systems for complex tasks, such as search and rescue or exploration, are limited for wheeled designs, thus the study of legged locomotion for robotic applications has become increasingly important. To successfully navigate in regions with rough terrain, a robot must not only be able to negotiate obstacles, but also climb steep inclines. Following the principles of biomimetics, we developed a modular bio-inspired climbing robot, named X4, which mimics the lizard’s bauplan including an actuated spine, shoulders, and feet which interlock with the surface via claws. We included the ability to modify gait and hardware parameters and simultaneously collect data with the robot’s sensors on climbed distance, slip occurrence and efficiency. We first explored the speed-stability trade-off and its interaction with limb swing phase dynamics, finding a sigmoidal pattern of limb movement resulted in the greatest distance travelled. By modifying foot orientation, we found two optima for both speed and stability, suggesting multiple stable configurations. We varied spine and limb range of motion, again showing two possible optimum configurations, and finally varied the centre of pro- and retraction on climbing performance, showing an advantage for protracted limbs during the stride. We then stacked optimal regions of performance and show that combining optimal dynamic patterns with either foot angles or ROM configurations have the greatest performance, but further optima stacking resulted in a decrease in performance, suggesting complex interactions between kinematic parameters. The search of optimal parameter configurations might not only be beneficial to improve robotic in-field operations but may also further the study of the locomotive evolution of climbing of animals, like lizards or insects.