bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric investigation of a chilled water district cooling unit using mono and hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Okonkwo Eric C. , Al-Ansari Tareq 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study presents a novel parametric investigation into the performance of a district cooling system using mono (Al2O3 and TiO2) and hybrid (Al2O3–TiO2) nanoparticles in the base fluids of water and ethylene–glycol water (EG-water) at a 20:80 ratio. The study analyses the effect of variables such as secondary fluid flow rate, evaporator and inlet temperatures, nanoparticle concentration, and air flowrate on the COP, total electrical energy consumption, and design of the district cooling unit. The analysis is performed with a thermal model developed and validated using operations data obtained from the McQuay chilled water HVAC unit operating in one of the facility plants at the Education City campus. The results of the study show that the use of nanofluids increased the overall heat transfer coefficient in the system by 6.6% when using Al2O3–TiO2/water nanofluids. The use of nanofluids in the evaporator also led to an average reduction of 23.3% in the total work input to the system and improved the COP of the system by 21.8%, 20.8% and 21.6% for Al2O3–TiO2/water, Al2O3/water, and TiO2/water nanofluids, respectively. Finally, an enhancement of 21.6% in COP was recorded for Al2O3–TiO2/EG-water nanofluids at a 5% nanoparticle volume concentration.
Chemometric approach to characterization of the selected grape seed oils based on their fatty acids composition and FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Vladimír Mašán , Matwijczuk Arkadiusz P. , Niemczynowicz Agnieszka , Kycia Radosław A. , Karcz Dariusz , Gładyszewska Bożena , Ślusarczyk Lidia , Burg Patrik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAddressing the issues arising from the production and trade of low-quality foods necessitates developing new quality control methods. Cooking oils, especially those produced from the grape seeds, are an example of food products that often suffer from questionable quality due to various adulterations and low-quality fruits used for their production. Among many methods allowing for fast and efficient food quality control, the combination of experimental and advanced mathematical approaches seems most reliable. In this work a method for grape seed oils compositional characterization based on the infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fatty acids profile is reported. Also, the relevant parameters of oils are characterized using a combination of standard techniques such as the Principal Component Analysis, k-Means, and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) fitting parameters. Two different approaches to perform unsupervised clustering using GMM were investigated. The first approach relies on the profile of fatty acids, while the second is FT-IR spectroscopy-based. The GMM fitting parameters in both approaches were compared. The results obtained from both approaches are consistent and complementary and provide the tools to address the characterization and clustering issues in grape seed oils.
Reversible disruption of XPO1-mediated nuclear export inhibits respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication
Authors: Mathew Cynthia , Tamir Sharon , Tripp Ralph A. , Ghildyal Reena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of serious lower respiratory tract disease in infants, young children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Therapy for RSV infections is limited to high risk infants and there are no safe and efficacious vaccines. Matrix (M) protein is a major RSV structural protein with a key role in virus assembly. Interestingly, M is localised to the nucleus early in infection and its export into the cytoplasm by the nuclear exporter, exportin-1 (XPO1) is essential for RSV assembly. We have shown previously that chemical inhibition of XPO1 function results in reduced RSV replication. In this study, we have investigated the anti-RSV efficacy of Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds, KPT-335 and KPT-185. Our data shows that therapeutic administration of the SINE compounds results in reduced RSV titre in human respiratory epithelial cell culture. Within 24 h of treatment, RSV replication and XPO1 expression was reduced, M protein was partially retained in the nucleus, and cell cycle progression was delayed. Notably, the effect of SINE compounds was reversible within 24 h after their removal. Our data show that reversible inhibition of XPO1 can disrupt RSV replication by affecting downstream pathways regulated by the nuclear exporter.
Redox status of cysteines does not alter functional properties of human dUTPase but the Y54C mutation involved in monogenic diabetes decreases protein stability
Authors: Szabó Judit Eszter , Nyíri Kinga , Andrási Dániel , Matejka Judit , Ozohanics Olivér , Vértessy Beáta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecently it was proposed that the redox status of cysteines acts as a redox switch to regulate both the oligomeric status and the activity of human dUTPase. In a separate report, a human dUTPase point mutation, resulting in a tyrosine to cysteine substitution (Y54C) was identified as the monogenic cause of a rare syndrome associated with diabetes and bone marrow failure. These issues prompt a critical investigation about the potential regulatory role of cysteines in the enzyme. Here we show on the one hand that independently of the redox status of wild-type cysteines, human dUTPase retains its characteristic trimeric assembly and its catalytic activity. On the other hand, the Y54C mutation did not compromise the substrate binding and the catalytic properties of the enzyme at room temperature. The thermal stability of the mutant protein was found to be decreased, which resulted in the loss of 67% of its activity after 90 min incubation at the physiological temperature in contrast to the wild-type enzyme. In addition, the presence or absence of reducing agents had no effect on hDUTY54C activity and stability, although it was confirmed that the introduced cysteine contains a solvent accessible thiol group.
Adults with Crohn’s disease exhibit elevated gynoid fat and reduced android fat irrespective of disease relapse or remission
Authors: Dowling Lisa , Jakeman Philip , Norton Catherine , Skelly Maeve M. , Yousuf Hamid , Kiernan Miranda G. , Toomey Margaret , Bowers Sheila , Dunne Suzanne S. , Coffey J. Calvin , Dunne Colum P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCrohn’s disease (CD) is a debilitating inflammatory bowel condition of unknown aetiology that is growing in prevalence globally. Large-scale studies have determined associations between female obesity or low body mass index (BMI) with risk of CD at all ages or 8– < 40 years, respectively. For males, low BMI entering adult life is associated with increased incidence of CD or ulcerative colitis up to 40 years later. Body composition analysis has shown that combinations of lean tissue loss and high visceral fat predict poor CD outcomes. Here, we assessed dietary intake, physical activity and whole or regional body composition of patients with CD relapse or remission. This anthropometric approach found people with CD, irrespective of relapse or remission, differed from a large representative healthy population sample in exhibiting elevated gynoid fat and reduced android fat. CD is associated with mesenteric adipose tissue, or “creeping fat”, that envelops affected intestine exclusive of other tissue; that fat is localised to the android region of the body. In this context, CD mesenteric adiposity represents a stark juxtaposition of organ-specific and regional adiposity. Although our study population was relatively small, we suggest tentatively that there is a rationale to refer to Crohn’s disease as a fatty intestine condition, akin to fatty liver conditions. We suggest that our data provide early insight into a subject that potentially warrants further investigation across a larger patient cohort.
A bimolecular fluorescence complementation flow cytometry screen for membrane protein interactions
Authors: Schmitz Florian , Glas Jessica , Neutze Richard , Hedfalk Kristina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInteractions between membrane proteins within a cellular environment are crucial for all living cells. Robust methods to screen and analyse membrane protein complexes are essential to shed light on the molecular mechanism of membrane protein interactions. Most methods for detecting protein:protein interactions (PPIs) have been developed to target the interactions of soluble proteins. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays allow the formation of complexes involving PPI partners to be visualized in vivo, irrespective of whether or not these interactions are between soluble or membrane proteins. In this study, we report the development of a screening approach which utilizes BiFC and applies flow cytometry to characterize membrane protein interaction partners in the host Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These data allow constructive complexes to be discriminated with statistical confidence from random interactions and potentially allows an efficient screen for PPIs in vivo within a high-throughput setup.
Multi frequency multi bit amplitude modulation of spoof surface plasmon polaritons by schottky diode bridged interdigital SRRs
Authors: Ling Haotian , Zhang Baoqing , Feng Mingming , Qian Pengfei , Wang Yiming , Wang Qingpu , Zhang Yifei , Song Aimin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMulti-frequency multi-bit programmable amplitude modulation (AM) of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is realized at millimeter wave frequencies with interdigital split-ring resonators (SRRs) and In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) Schottky diodes. Periodic SRRs on a metal line guide both SRR mode and spoof SPP mode, the former of which rejects the spoof SPP propagation at the SRR resonant frequencies. To actively modulate the amplitude of spoof SPPs, IGZO Schottky diodes are fabricated in the SRR gaps, which continuously re-configure SRRs to metallic loops by applying bias. Interdigital gaps are designed in SRRs to increase the capacitance, thus red shifting the resonant frequencies, which significantly broadens the operation bandwidth of multi-frequency AM. Thus, cascading different kinds of interdigital SRRs with Schottky diodes enables multi-frequency multi-bit AM programmable. As a demonstration, a dual-frequency device was fabricated and characterized, which achieved significant multi-bit AM from −12.5 to −6.2 dB at 34.7 GHz and from −26 to −8.5 dB at 50 GHz independently and showed programmable capability.
Deep learning-based virtual cytokeratin staining of gastric carcinomas to measure tumor–stroma ratio
Authors: Hong Yiyu , Heo You Jeong , Kim Binnari , Lee Donghwan , Ahn Soomin , Ha Sang Yun , Sohn Insuk , Kim Kyoung-Mee 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe tumor–stroma ratio (TSR) determined by pathologists is subject to intra- and inter-observer variability. We aimed to develop a computational quantification method of TSR using deep learning-based virtual cytokeratin staining algorithms. Patients with 373 advanced (stage III [n = 171] and IV [n = 202]) gastric cancers were analyzed for TSR. Moderate agreement was observed, with a kappa value of 0.623, between deep learning metrics (dTSR) and visual measurement by pathologists (vTSR) and the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic of 0.907. Moreover, dTSR was significantly associated with the overall survival of the patients (P = 0.0024). In conclusion, we developed a virtual cytokeratin staining and deep learning-based TSR measurement, which may aid in the diagnosis of TSR in gastric cancer.
Urinary exosomal long noncoding RNAs serve as biomarkers for early detection of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lin Quan , Xie Danli , Pan Liangliang , Lou Yongliang , Shi Mengru 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Increasing the efficiency of early diagnosis using noninvasive biomarkers is crucial for enhancing the survival rate of lung cancer patients. We explore the differential expression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in urinary exosomes in NSCLC patients and normal controls to diagnose lung cancer.
Methods: A differential expression analysis between NSCLC patients and healthy controls was performed using microarrays. Gene ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to predict potential functions of lncRNAs in NSCLC. quantitative real-time PCR (QT-PCR) was used to verify microarray results.
Results: A total of 640 lncRNAs (70 up- and 570 down-regulated) were differentially expressed in NSCLC patients in comparison to healthy controls. Six lncRNAs were detected by QT-PCR. GO term and KEGG pathway analyses showed that differential lncRNAs were enriched in cellular component organization or biogenesis, as well as other biological processes and signaling pathways, such as the PI3K-AKT, FOXO, p53, and fatty acid biosynthesis.
Conclusions: The differential lncRNAs in urinary exosomes are potential diagnostic biomarkers of NSCLC. The lncRNAs enriched in specific pathways may be associated with tumor cell proliferation, tumor cell apoptosis, and the cell cycle involved in the pathogenesis of NSCLC.
Blast Exposure and Self-Reported Hearing Difficulty in Service Members and Veterans Who Have Normal Pure-Tone Hearing Sensitivity: The Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Reavis Kelly M. , Snowden Jonathan M. , Henry James A. , Gallun Frederick J. , Lewis M. Samantha , Carlson Kathleen F. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeEvidence suggests that military blast exposure may lead to self-reported hearing difficulties despite audiometrically normal hearing. Research identifying potential mechanisms of this association remains limited. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the associations between blast, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and self-reported hearing difficulty, and to examine PTSD as a possible mediator of the association between blast exposure and hearing difficulty.MethodWe used baseline data from the Noise Outcomes in Service members Epidemiology (NOISE) study (n= 477). Participants in this study undergo a comprehensive hearing, and tinnitus if applicable, evaluation and complete a large number of surveys. Pertinent data extracted from these surveys included information on participant's demographics, military service history, including exposure to blast, and health conditions such as symptoms of PTSD. Using regression models and following a formal causal mediation framework, we estimated total associations, natural direct and indirect associations, and percent mediated.ResultsWe found that individuals with blast exposure had higher prevalence of both probable PTSD and self-reported hearing difficulty than individuals who were not blast exposed. Compared with participants without blast exposure, those with blast exposure had twice the prevalence of self-reported hearing difficulty, with 41% of the association mediated through probable PTSD.ConclusionAs PTSD is a possible mediator of the association between blast exposure and hearing difficulty, Service members and Veterans with normal pure-tone hearing sensitivity who report hearing difficulties and a history of blast exposure may benefit from evaluation for PTSD symptoms.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16674247
Distributed online active balancing scheme for battery energy storage system
Authors: Liu Pu , Liu Di , Shen Yongpeng , Ge Gaorui , Yuan Xiaofang , Yang Xiaoliang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFocussing on the ineffective operating cycle and potential battery life degradation introduced by traditional energy converter‐based balancing techniques, a new distributed online active balancing scheme is proposed. In order to achieve a wider output voltage range, a new distributed converter is presented first, which can operate in boost or buck mode. Then, by regulating the discharge rate of each smart cell proportional to the deviation between its own state of charge (SOC) and the average SOC of all cells, an online linear SOC balancing scheme is presented. An experimental prototype consisting of eight smart cells is developed, experiments in constant resistance discharging mode and dynamic current discharging mode are carried out, and the results demonstrate the successful cell SOC balancing and DC bus adjustment capability of the proposed scheme.
Calculation of the transient stability boundary of AC/DC inter‐connected system based on the stability margin of dynamic energy
Authors: Ma Jing , Zhang Jiaming , Shao Hongfei , Cheng Peng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractConcerning the transient power angle stability problem in AC/DC inter‐connected system caused by DC line grounding fault, a transient stability analysis method based on the stability margin of dynamic energy is proposed. First, the analytical expressions of the dynamic energy function before alpha retard, during alpha retard and after alpha retard are derived. According to the topologies of system and the integration intervals of energy function in different stages, the expressions of the acceleration energy, position energy and margin energy are obtained, which, respectively, reflect the rotating speed of system, the swing range of power angle and the system's ability of resisting in stability. Then, the surplus energy in the system is calculated by subtracting the sum of the acceleration energy and position energy from the margin energy, and the stability margin of the system is obtained. And then, the stability boundary of the system is derived. It is revealed that, if the stability margin is exactly right 0 at the end moment of alpha retard, the system is critical stable. Finally, hardware‐in‐the‐loop tests are conducted in RT‐LAB platform. The simulation results verify that, the stability margin reaches the minimal value at the end moment of alpha retard, and this value can clearly reflect the stability of system. Besides, the earlier the alpha retard starts or the longer the distance between the fault point and the rectifier outlet is, the better it is for the stability of system.
A review on oscillations in Wind Park due to ferroresonance and subsynchronous resonance
Authors: Rezaei Salman , Aref Shahab , Sedighi Anaraki Alireza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh penetration of renewable rotary generations like wind turbine to utility system causes contribution in power oscillations due to occurrence of different phenomena. Ferroresonance and subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in utility system are able to lead in power oscillation, instability of the system and devastating impact on rotary generators. Hence, investigation on impact of such oscillations on operation of nearby renewable rotary generations, like DFIG (doubly fed induction generator) in Wind Park seems to be beneficial to attain insightful guidelines for future of research in this field. SSR causes increasing the voltage, thus, it brings about saturation of transformer core and results in occurrence of ferroresonance. Ferroresonance causes frequency difference between two points in the network and consequently power oscillation, which is superimposed on torsional oscillation in SSR. Therefore, as SSR and ferroresonance encounter each other, they are investigated under one work to scrutinize impact of such phenomena on behaviour of DFIG. The results show deviation of electrical waveforms and devastating stress on mechanical parts of DFIG rotary components due to huge magnitude of electrical and mechanical quantities in effect of SSR and ferroresonance.
Bayesian estimation of copula parameters for wind speed models of dependence
Authors: Henderson Saul B. , Shahirinia Amir Hossein , Tavakoli Bina Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractModelling the uncertainty of wind speed is essential in power flow analysis. Having abundant knowledge of the wind speed in an area is critical. A low volume of data can increase uncertainty in wind speed analysis. Spatial dependencies are often modelled before running probabilistic power flow and load flow analysis. Copulas are a popular way of capturing spatial dependence between multiple wind farms. Using NREL data from seven Northeastern United States wind farm sites, Bayesian inference will be used to determine the copula parameter uncertainty between weekly, daily, and hourly wind speed observations. This approach will be used on elliptical and single parameter Archimedean copulas. For each possible wind farm pair, an uninformative prior will be placed on the copula parameter. The resulting posterior will contain a distribution of copula parameter values based on the prior and the observed wind speed data. The posterior's credible interval is reviewed to determine the uncertainty in parameter estimation. The results show that using a data volume considerably more petite than 8760 hourly data points will result in more uncertainty in parameter estimation and inaccuracies in wind speed forecasting if using non‐Bayesian methods for copula parameter estimation.
A smart city application: A waste collection system with long range wide area network for providing green environment and cost effective and low power consumption solutions
Authors: Aktay Erol , Yalçın Nursel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe trend towards cities and urbanisation, which increases the number of people living in urban areas, requires local authorities to provide services and natural resources more efficiently and effectively and develop some strategies for a sustainable environment. The more effective use of resources, growing awareness of sustainable environment, climate confidence and motivation to make cities more livable is a new concept called Smart City. In this study, the proposed system supports the garbage collection of the city government and works with low budget, low energy, and free radio frequencies. The Internet of Things (IoT) sensor node is assembled, and the network is set up based on the long range wide area network protocol to connect it to the sample garbage bin and collect data. Instant data collection by this network is carried out through the IoT and is designed based on the collected data. The goal is to build an ideal system for smart garbage collection in cities and support sustainability in cities by integrating with the city government's information systems. The data received from the sensor nodes and the efficiency of the system were demonstrated for local governments. The main outcome of this research is to develop a practical smart city application with minimal resources and support local governments in their daily work. Moreover, how a low power wide area network communication network with a frequency of 868 MHz works in Istanbul (Turkey) will be investigated further and which alternative to cellular networks is the most suitable for excellent communication in smart cities will be studied.