bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene expression profile of human follicle dermal papilla cells in response to Camellia japonica phytoplacenta extract
Authors: Cho Won Kyong , Kim Hye‐In , Paek Seung Hye , Kim Soo‐Yun , Hyun Seo Hyo , Song Jihyeok , Lee Ok Hwa , Min Jiae , Lee Sang Jun , Jo Yeonhwa , Choi Hoseong , Lee Jeong Hun , Moh Sang Hyun 
Published: January 2021

Camellia japonica L. is a flowering tree with several medicinal and cosmetic applications. Here, we investigated the efficacy of C. japonica placenta extract (CJPE) as a potential therapeutic agent for promotion of hair growth and scalp health by using various in vitro and in vivo assays. Moreover, we performed transcriptome analysis to examine the relative expression of human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) in response to CJPE by RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq). In vitro assays revealed upregulation of the expression of hair growth marker genes in HFDPC after CJPE treatment. Moreover, in vivo clinical tests with 42 adult female participants showed that a solution containing 0.5% CJPE increased the moisture content of the scalp and decreased the scalp's sebum content, dead scalp keratin, and erythema. Furthermore, RNA‐seq analysis revealed key genes in HFDPC which are associated with CJPE. Interestingly, genes associated with lipid metabolism and cholesterol efflux were upregulated. Genes upregulated by CJPE are associated with several hormones, including parathyroid, adrenocorticotropic hormone, α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (alpha‐MSH), and norepinephrine, which are involved in hair follicle biology. Furthermore, some upregulated genes are associated with the regulation of axon guidance. In contrast, many genes downregulated by CJPE are associated with structural components of the cytoskeleton. In addition, CJPE suppressed genes associated with muscle structure and development. Taken together, this study provides extensive evidence that CJPE may have potential as a therapeutic agent for scalp treatment and hair growth promotion.
An electronic portal image device (EPID)‐based multiplatform rapid daily LINAC QA tool
Authors: Ma Yangguang , Wang Xuemin , Mai Rizhen , Wang Tao , Pei Yuntong , Liu Shuaipeng , Guo Yuexin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo develop an efficient and economic daily quality research tool (DQRT) for daily check of multiplatform linear accelerators (LINACs) with flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter‐free (FFF) photon beams by using an Electronic Portal Image Device (EPID).Materials and MethodsAfter EPID calibration, the monitored parameters were analyzed from a 10 cm × 10 cm open and 60° wedge portal images measured by the EPID with 100 MU exposure. Next, the repeatability of the EPID position accuracy, long‐term stability, and linearity between image gray value and exposure were verified. Output and beam quality stability of the 6‐MV FF and FFF beams measured by DQRT with the introduced setup errors of EPID were also surveyed. Besides, some test results obtained by DQRT were compared with those measured by FC65‐G and Matrixx. At last, the tool was evaluated on three LINACs (Synergy, VersaHD, TrueBeam) for 2 months with two popular commercial QA tools as references.ResultsThere are no differences between repeatability tests for all monitored parameters. Image grayscale values obtained by EPID and exposure show good linearity. Either 6 MV FF or FFF photon beam shows minimal impact to the results. The differences between FC65‐G, Matrixx and DQRT results are negligible. Monitor results of the two commercial tools are consistent with the DQRT results collected during the 2‐month period.ConclusionWith a shorter time and procedure, the DQRT is useful to daily QA works of LINACs, producing a QA result quality similarly to or more better than the traditional tools and giving richer contents to the QA results. For hospitals with limited QA time window available or lack of funding to purchase commercial QA tools, the proposed DQRT can provide an alternative and economic approach to accomplish the task of daily QA for LINACs.
Performance of deep learning synthetic CTs for MR‐only brain radiation therapy
Authors: Liu Xiaoning , Emami Hajar , Nejad‐Davarani Siamak P. , Morris Eric , Schultz Lonni , Dong Ming , K. Glide‐Hurst Carri 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the dosimetric and image‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT) performance of a novel generative adversarial network (GAN) generated synthetic CT (synCT) in the brain and compare its performance for clinical use including conventional brain radiotherapy, cranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), planar, and volumetric IGRT.Methods and MaterialsSynCT images for 12 brain cancer patients (6 SRS, 6 conventional) were generated from T1‐weighted postgadolinium magnetic resonance (MR) images by applying a GAN model with a residual network (ResNet) generator and a convolutional neural network (CNN) with 5 convolutional layers as the discriminator that classified input images as real or synthetic. Following rigid registration, clinical structures and treatment plans derived from simulation CT (simCT) images were transferred to synCTs. Dose was recalculated for 15 simCT/synCT plan pairs using fixed monitor units. Two‐dimensional (2D) gamma analysis (2%/2 mm, 1%/1 mm) was performed to compare dose distributions at isocenter. Dose–volume histogram (DVH) metrics (D95%, D99%, D0.2cc, and D0.035cc) were assessed for the targets and organ at risks (OARs). IGRT performance was evaluated via volumetric registration between cone beam CT (CBCT) to synCT/simCT and planar registration between KV images to synCT/simCT digital reconstructed radiographs (DRRs).ResultsAverage gamma passing rates at 1%/1mm and 2%/2mm were 99.0 ± 1.5% and 99.9 ± 0.2%, respectively. Excellent agreement in DVH metrics was observed (mean difference ≤0.10 ± 0.04 Gy for targets, 0.13 ± 0.04 Gy for OARs). The population averaged mean difference in CBCT‐synCT registrations were <0.2 mm and 0.1 degree different from simCT‐based registrations. The mean difference between kV‐synCT DRR and kV‐simCT DRR registrations was <0.5 mm with no statistically significant differences observed (P > 0.05). An outlier with a large resection cavity exhibited the worst‐case scenario.ConclusionBrain GAN synCTs demonstrated excellent performance for dosimetric and IGRT endpoints, offering potential use in high precision brain cancer therapy.
Association between infectious burden and cerebral microbleeds: a pilot cross‐sectional study
Authors: Fan Fan , Yang Cui , Zhu Xiaoyan , Liu Zhilan , Liu Hui , Li Jianhao , Jiang Rui , Zhang Yaolei , Bu Xianle , Wang Yanjiang , Wang Qingsong , Xiang Yang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveCerebral microbleeds (CMBs) is a subtype of cerebral small vessel disease. Their underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between infectious burden (IB) and CMBs.MethodsSeven hundred and seventy‐three consecutive patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology in General Hospital of Western Theater Command without severe neurological symptoms were recruited and selected in this pilot cross‐sectional study. CMBs were assessed using the susceptibility‐weighted imaging sequence of magnetic resonance imaging. Immunoglobulin G antibodies against common pathogens, including herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐1, HSV‐2, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae), Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), Helicobacter pylori (HP), and Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi), were measured by commercial ELISA assays. IB was defined as a composite serologic measure of exposure to these common pathogens.ResultsPatients with and without CMBs were defined as the CMBs group (n = 76) and the non‐CMBs group (n = 81), respectively. IB was significantly different between the CMBs and non‐CMBs groups. After adjusted for other risk factors, the increased IB was independently associated with the presence of CMBs (P = 0.031, OR = 3.00, 95% CI [1.11–8.15]). IB was significantly positively associated with the number of CMBs (Spearman ρ = 0.653, P < 0.001). The levels of serum inflammatory markers were significantly different between the CMBs and non‐CMBs groups and among the categories of IB.InterpretationIB consisting of HSV‐1, HSV‐2, CMV, C. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, EBV, HP, and B. burgdorferi was associated with CMBs. All the findings suggested that pathogen infection could be involved in the pathogenesis of CMBs.
Electrolytes and Interphases in Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhou Mengfan , Bai Panxing , Ji Xiao , Yang Jixing , Wang Chunsheng , Xu Yunhua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPotassium ion batteries (PIBs) are recognized as one promising candidate for future energy storage devices due to their merits of cost‐effectiveness, high‐voltage, and high‐power operation. Many efforts have been devoted to the development of electrode materials and the progress has been well summarized in recent review papers. However, in addition to electrode materials, electrolytes also play a key role in determining the cell performance. Here, the research progress of electrolytes in PIBs is summarized, including organic liquid electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, solid‐state electrolytes and aqueous electrolytes, and the engineering of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces is also thoroughly discussed. This Progress Report provides a comprehensive guidance on the design of electrolyte systems for development of high performance PIBs.
Liquid‐Infused Slippery Stainless Steel Surface Prepared by Alcohol‐Assisted Femtosecond Laser Ablation
Authors: Fang Yao , Yong Jiale , Cheng Yang , Yang Qing , Hou Xun , Chen Feng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNepenthes‐inspired liquid‐infused slippery surface (LISS) attracts great attention because it can repel different kinds of liquid and shows great stability. However, the vast majority of LISSs are realized on polymer materials which limit the applications. Here, a kind of universal method to directly construct porous micro/nanostructures on any kind of materials to realize LISS is put forward. As an example, abundant micro/nanohole structures are built on stainless steel surface by alcohol‐assisted femtosecond laser ablation. Then, LISS is achieved on stainless steel, which shows slippery property to variety of liquid with different chemical composition. The velocity of water droplet slipping on LISS can be tuned by water droplet volume, LISS tilt angle, and lubricant type. Some potential applications of the LISS are demonstrated by some simple experiments. Flexible movement of magnetic water droplet is realized on the LISS by controlling magnetic field. The LISS shows good antifouling performance to green alga. Moreover, the porous structures are very stable in different harsh environments. This alcohol‐assisted femtosecond laser irradiation method successfully constructs porous micro/nanostructures on different kinds of materials. Thus, this work can promote the applications of LISS in droplet manipulation, microfluidics, antifouling surface, and so on.
Ultrasensitive Point‐of‐Care Test for Tumor Marker in Human Saliva Based on Luminescence‐Amplification Strategy of Lanthanide Nanoprobes
Authors: Zhou Shanyong , Tu Datao , Liu Yan , You Wenwu , Zhang Yunqin , Zheng Wei , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe point‐of‐care detection of tumor markers in saliva with high sensitivity and specificity remains a daunting challenge in biomedical research and clinical applications. Herein, a facile and ultrasensitive detection of tumor marker in saliva based on luminescence‐amplification strategy of lanthanide nanoprobes is proposed. Eu2O3 nanocrystals are employed as bioprobes, which can be easily dissolved in acidic enhancer solution and transform into a large number of highly luminescent Eu3+ micelles. Meanwhile, disposable syringe filter equipped with nitrocellulose membrane is used as bioassay platform, which facilitates the accomplishment of detection process within 10 min. The rational integration of dissolution enhanced luminescent bioassay strategy and miniaturized detection device enables the unique lab‐in‐syringe assay of tumor marker like carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, an important tumor marker in clinic diagnosis and prognosis of cancer) with a detection limit down to 1.47 pg mL−1 (7.35 × 10−15 m). Upon illumination with a portable UV flashlight, the photoluminescence intensity change above 0.1 ng mL−1 (0.5 × 10−12 m) of CEA can be visually detected by naked eyes, which allows one to qualitatively evaluate the CEA level. Moreover, we confirm the reliability of using the amplified luminescence of Eu2O3 nanoprobes for direct quantitation of CEA in patient saliva samples, thus validates the practicality of the proposed strategy for both clinical diagnosis and home self‐monitoring of tumor marker in human saliva.
Skin‐Inspired Piezoelectric Tactile Sensor Array with Crosstalk‐Free Row+Column Electrodes for Spatiotemporally Distinguishing Diverse Stimuli
Authors: Lin Weikang , Wang Biao , Peng Guoxiang , Shan Yao , Hu Hong , Yang Zhengbao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReal‐time detection and differentiation of diverse external stimuli with one tactile senor remains a huge challenge and largely restricts the development of electronic skins. Although different sensors have been described based on piezoresistivity, capacitance, and triboelectricity, and these devices are promising for tactile systems, there are few, if any, piezoelectric sensors to be able to distinguish diverse stimuli in real time. Here, a human skin‐inspired piezoelectric tactile sensor array constructed with a multilayer structure and row+column electrodes is reported. Integrated with a signal processor and a logical algorithm, the tactile sensor array achieves to sense and distinguish the magnitude, positions, and modes of diverse external stimuli, including gentle slipping, touching, and bending, in real time. Besides, the unique design overcomes the crosstalk issues existing in other sensors. Pressure sensing and bending sensing tests show that the proposed tactile sensor array possesses the characteristics of high sensitivity (7.7 mV kPa−1), long‐term durability (80 000 cycles), and rapid response time (10 ms) (less than human skin). The tactile sensor array also shows a superior scalability and ease of massive fabrication. Its ability of real‐time detection and differentiation of diverse stimuli for health monitoring, detection of animal movements, and robots is demonstrated.
Surface‐Anchored Nanogel Coating Endows Stem Cells with Stress Resistance and Reparative Potency via Turning Down the Cytokine‐Receptor Binding Pathways
Authors: Zhang Ling , Liu Guowu , Lv Kaiqi , Xin Jinxia , Wang Yingchao , Zhao Jing , Hu Wangxing , Xiao Changchen , Zhu Keyang , Zhu Lianlian , Nan Jinliang , Feng Ye , Zhu Huaying , Chen Wei , Zhu Wei , Zhang Jianyi , Wang Jian'an , Wang Ben , Hu Xinyang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStem cell‐based therapy has great potential in regenerative medicine. However, the survival and engraftment rates of transplanted stem cells in disease regions are poor and limit the effectiveness of cell therapy due to the fragility of stem cells. Here, an approach involving a single‐cell coating of surface‐anchored nanogel to regulate stem cell fate with anti‐apoptosis capacity in the hypoxic and ischemic environment of infarcted hearts is developed for the first time. A polysialic acid‐based system is used to anchor microbial transglutaminase to the external surface of the cell membrane, where it catalyzes the crosslinking of gelatin. The single‐cell coating with surface‐anchored nanogel endows mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with stress resistance by blocking the activity of apoptotic cytokines including the binding of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to tumor necrosis factor receptor, which in turn maintains mitochondrial integrity, function and protects MSCs from TNFα‐induces apoptosis. The administration of surface engineered MSCs to hearts results in significant improvements in engraftment, cardiac function, infarct size, and vascularity compared with using uncoated MSCs in treating myocardial infarction. The surface‐anchored, biocompatible cell surface engineering with nanogel armor provides a new way to produce robust therapeutic stem cells and may explore immense potentials in cell‐based therapy.
Redefining Exposure: Using Mobile Technology and Geospatial Analysis to Explore When and Where Chicago Adolescents are Exposed to Neighborhood Characteristics
Authors: Roy Amanda L. , Isaia Ashley R. , DaViera Andrea L. , Eisenberg Yochai , Poulos Chris D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDifferences in how individuals navigate and interact with physical space have clear implications for when and where they are exposed to environmental characteristics. To address this reality, we propose and test a novel method with a sample of Chicago adolescents that links individual GPS coordinates with locations of environmental characteristics as a strategy to increase precision in the measurement of environmental exposures. We use exposure to violent crime as an example and link the GPS coordinates of 51 youth collected over a one‐week period during the summer of 2016 to locations and times of violent crime. We explore different spatial and temporal parameters to determine whether an exposure occurred. Using the 660‐foot (201 m), 24‐hour operationalization, we found that youth were exposed to a total of 126 violent crimes, with an average of 3.82 (SD = 3.24) per respondent. This was higher than the 12 that were identified when exposure was calculated as the number of violent crimes occurring within 660 feet (201 m) of youths’ residential addresses during the week‐long assessment period. Examining correlations between the different exposure variables and measures of youths’ psychological functioning, we found the largest relationships when using the GPS‐based indices.

We present a strategy for measuring exposure to environmental characteristics using GPS data.
Higher rates of crime exposure are found based on GPS coordinates than with residential address.
GPS‐based exposure measures are related to youths' psychological functioning.
Neurocognitive assessment and DNA sequencing expand the phenotype and genotype spectrum of Alström syndrome
Authors: Dassie Francesca , Lorusso Riccardina , Benavides‐Varela Silvia , Milan Gabriella , Favaretto Francesca , Callus Edward , Cagnin Stefano , Reggiani Francesco , Minervini Giovanni , Tosatto Silvio , Vettor Roberto , Semenza Carlo , Maffei Pietro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlström syndrome (OMIM#203800) is an ultra‐rare autosomal recessive monogenic disease presenting pathogenic variants in ALMS1 (chromosome 2p13). It is characterized by early onset of blindness, hearing loss and systemic comorbidities, with delayed development without cognitive impairment. We aimed to investigate the cognitive functions and describe new pathogenic variants in Alström syndrome patients. Nineteen patients (13 adults, 6 children) underwent a thorough clinical, genetic, laboratory, instrumental, and neurocognitive assessment. Six new pathogenic variants in ALMS1 including the first described in exon 6 were identified. Four patients displayed a “mild phenotype” characterized by slow disease onset or absence of complications, including childhood obesity and association with at least one pathogenic variant in exon 5 or 6. At neurocognitive testing, a significant proportion of patients had deficits in three neurocognitive domains: similarities, phonological memory, and apraxia. In particular, 53% of patients showed difficulties in the auditory working memory test. We found ideomotor and buccofacial apraxia in 74% of patients. “Mild phenotype” patients performed better on auditory working memory and ideomotor apraxia test than “typical phenotype” ones (91.9 + 16.3% vs. 41.7 + 34.5% of correct answers, Z = 64.5, p < .01 and 92.5 + 9.6 vs. 61.7 + 26.3, Z = 61, p < .05, respectively). Deficits in auditory working memory, ideomotor, and buccofacial apraxia were found in these patients and fewer neuropsychological deficits were found in the “mild” phenotype group. Furthermore, in the “mild” phenotype group, it was found that all pathogenic variants are localized before exon 8.
Unhealthy foods may attenuate the beneficial relation of a Mediterranean diet to cognitive decline
Authors: Agarwal Puja , Dhana Klodian , Barnes Lisa L. , Holland Thomas M , Zhang Yanyu , Evans Denis A. , Morris Martha Clare 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionIt is unclear whether eating Western diet food components offsets the Mediterranean diet's (MedDiet) potential benefits on cognitive decline.MethodsThe study includes 5001 Chicago Health and Aging Project participants (63% African American, 36% males, 74 ± 6.0 years old), with food frequency questionnaires and ≥ two cognitive assessments over 6.3 ± 2.8 years of follow‐up. Mixed‐effects models were adjusted for age, sex, education, race, cognitive activities, physical activity, and total calories.ResultsStratified analysis showed a significant effect of higher MedDiet on cognitive decline only with a low Western diet score (highest vs lowest MedDiet tertile: β = 0.020, P = .002; p trend = 0.002) and not with a high Western diet score (highest vs lowest MedDiet tertile: β = 0.010, P = .11; p trend = 0.09).ConclusionThis prospective study found that high consumption of Western diet components attenuates benefits of the MedDiet on cognition.
Dynamic Polymer Networks: A New Avenue towards Sustainable and Advanced Soft Machines
Authors: Wemyss Alan M , Ellingford Christopher , Morishita Yoshihiro , Bowen Chris , Wan Chaoying 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhile the fascinating field of soft machines has grown rapidly over the last two decades, the materials they are constructed from have remained largely unchanged during this time. Parallel activities have led to significant advances in the field of dynamic polymer networks, leading to the design of three‐dimensionally cross‐linked polymeric materials that are able to adapt and transform through stimuli‐induced bond exchange. Recent work has begun to merge these two fields of research by incorporating the stimuli‐responsive properties of dynamic polymer networks into soft machine components. These include dielectric elastomers, stretchable electrodes, nanogenerators, and energy storage devices. In this Minireview, we outline recent progress made in this emerging research area and discuss future directions for the field.
Enantioselective Addition of α‐Nitroesters to Alkynes
Authors: Davison Ryan T. , Parker Patrick D. , Hou Xintong , Chung Crystal P. , Augustine Sara A. , Dong Vy M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBy using Rh–H catalysis, we couple α‐nitroesters and alkynes to prepare α‐amino‐acid precursors. This atom‐economical strategy generates two contiguous stereocenters, with high enantio‐ and diastereocontrol. In this transformation, the alkyne undergoes isomerization to generate a RhIII–π‐allyl electrophile, which is trapped by an α‐nitroester nucleophile. A subsequent reduction with In powder transforms the allylic α‐nitroesters to the corresponding α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino esters.