bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of physical prehabilitation: Improved liver regeneration and mitochondrial function after ALPPS operation in a rodent model
Authors: Fard‐Aghaie Mohammad H. , Budai Andras , Daradics Noemi , Horvath Gergo , Oldhafer Karl J. , Szijarto Attila , Fulop Andras 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo identify the role of physical prehabilitation (PP) in liver regeneration, mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and inflammatory response was investigated after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) in a rodent model.MethodsMale Wistar rats (n = 60) underwent ALPPS. Animals were divided (n = 30) to the physical prehabilitation group (PP) and sedentary group (S). The animals were exsanguinated before (0 hour) and 24, 48, 72, or 168 hours after the operation. Regeneration rate and proliferation index were assessed. Mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and inflammatory response were evaluated.ResultsRegeneration rate and Ki67 index were significantly increased in the PP group compared to the S group (P < .001). Due to the changes in oxidative capacity and ATP production rate, the P/O ratio of PP group compared to the S group was significantly increased (P < .05). PP group was characterized by accelerated mitochondrial biogenesis and less intense inflammatory response compared to the S group.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the beneficial effects of PP on liver regeneration, mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and the inflammatory response after ALPPS.
Cold‐spray ionization mass spectrometry of the choline chloride‐urea deep eutectic solvent (reline)
Authors: Percevault Lucie , Delhaye Thomas , Chaumont Alain , Schurhammer Rachel , Paquin Ludovic , Rondeau David 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCold‐Spray Ionization mass spectrometry (CSI‐MS) that can be compared to an electrospray ionization (ESI) source acting with a nebulizing gas cooled by liquid nitrogen is used for analyzing reline as Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES). The association of cholinium chloride salts with urea molecules is evidenced in negative CSI‐MS through the chloride adduct formation. The structure of the supramolecular assemblies forming the reline ions that are observed on CSI mass spectra is rationalized by chemical quantum calculations. The theoretical studies indicate that the ionic network organization is only supported by a maximization of hydrogen bonds of the chlorides with the hydroxyl and methyl moieties of the cholinium cations and the amino groups of urea. The studies of gas‐phase fragmentation of the supra‐molecular ionic assemblies detected in CSI‐MS are performed using the in‐source collision‐induced dissociation experiments. The experimental measurements in CSI‐MS, interpreted at the light of the molecular modelization results, suggest that the insertion of urea in adducts of chlorides with cholinium cations does not lead to the most stable ions.
Nitrate‐rich diet alters the composition of the oral microbiota in periodontal recall patients
Authors: Jockel‐Schneider Yvonne , Schlagenhauf Ulrich , Stölzel Peggy , Goßner Sophia , Carle Reinhold , Ehmke Benjamin , Prior Karola , Hagenfeld Daniel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis follow‐up study evaluated microbiome changes in periodontal recall patients after consuming a nitrate‐rich diet that led to a marked decrease of gingival inflammation.MethodsSubgingival microbial samples of 37 patients suffering from gingival inflammation with reduced periodontium were taken before professional mechanical plaque removal (baseline) and subsequently after 2 weeks of regularly consuming a lettuce juice beverage (day 14) containing a daily dosage of 200 mg of nitrate (test group, n = 18) or being void of nitrate (placebo group, n = 19). Three hundred base pairs paired‐end sequencing of the V3‒V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rDNA was performed.ResultsAt baseline, there were no significant differences about the bacterial diversity parameters between the groups (Mann‐Whitney U test). After intervention in the test group, Rothia and Neisseria, including species reducing nitrate, increased significantly (negative binomial regression model). Alpha diversity decreased significantly from 115.69 ± 24.30 to 96.42 ± 24.82 aRSVs/sample (P = 0.04, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test), accompanied by a significant change in beta diversity (P < 0.001, PERMANOVA). In the control group, however, no genus changed significantly, and alpha‐, as well as beta‐diversity did not change significantly.ConclusionsThe decrease of gingival inflammation in periodontal recall patients induced by a nitrate‐rich diet is accompanied by significant compositional changes within the subgingival microbiome.
Correspondence Between Retrospective and Momentary Self‐Reported Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: Evidence for Peak and End Effects in Veterans
Authors: Decker Suzanne E. , Rosen Marc I. , Cooney Ned L. , Schnurr Paula P. , Black Anne C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractValidated retrospective self‐report symptom rating scales are recommended for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening and treatment. However, such reports may be affected by a respondent's most intense (“peak”) or most recent (“end”) symptoms. The present study evaluated the correspondence between PTSD symptoms assessed using a standard past‐month retrospective rating scale and recorded by ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over the same period and tested hypotheses that retrospective scores would be predicted by peak and end‐period momentary symptoms. Male U.S. veterans (N = 35) who served post‐9/11 completed the PTSD Symptom Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5) at baseline and 1 month later. For 28 days during the intervening period, they received quasi‐randomly timed text prompts to complete a modified version of the PCL‐5 at that moment. Using multiple regression modeling, controlling for the number of completed EMAs and time (days) since the last EMA, we assessed the predictability of follow‐up retrospective PCL‐5 scores by (a) the mean of all momentary scores and (b) peak and last‐day momentary scores. Retrospective PCL‐5 scores were closest to peak scores, d = −0.31, and substantially higher than overall mean, d = 0.99, and last‐day momentary scores, d = 0.94. In the regression model, peak symptom experiences and last‐day momentary symptoms uniquely predicted follow‐up PCL‐5 scores over and above significant prediction by overall mean momentary symptom scores. In sum, participants’ self‐reported past‐month PTSD symptom severity did not simply reflect an average over time. Additional questioning is needed to understand peak and recent symptom periods reflected in these estimates.
Sustainable Thermoplastic Elastomers Derived from Lignin Bio‐Oils via an ABA Triblock Copolymer Strategy
Authors: Chen Xiaofan , Zhou Zhou , Zhang Hao , Mao Yipeng , Luo Zhenyang , Li Xiang , Sha Ye 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA lignin‐derived polyacrylate, namely, poly(guaiacyl acrylate) (PGA), is evaluated as an end block in linear ABA triblock copolymer‐based sustainable thermoplastic elastomers. Triblock copolymers containing a rubbery poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) midblock and glassy PGA end blocks are prepared via Cu(0)‐mediated living radical polymerization or single electron transfer living radical polymerization. A suite of triblock copolymers with different block ratios and a constant end block molecular weight is prepared. Even a low‐end block content (<5% mole ratio) can significantly increase the material's mechanical strength (3–7 folds) and long elongation at break. The enhanced mechanical properties are attributed to microphase separation morphologies evidenced by calorimetric and scattering analyses. These elastomers also exhibit enhanced thermal stability compared with that of their parent homopolymers.
Essential self‐adjointness of perturbed quadharmonic operators on Riemannian manifolds with an application to the separation problem
Authors: Saratchandran Hemanth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider perturbed quadharmonic operators, , acting on sections of a Hermitian vector bundle over a complete Riemannian manifold, with the potential V satisfying a bound from below by a non‐positive function depending on the distance from a point. Under a bounded geometry assumption on the Hermitian vector bundle and the underlying Riemannian manifold, we give a sufficient condition for the essential self‐adjointness of such operators. We then apply this to prove the separation property in L2 when the perturbed operator acts on functions.
Bio‐derived nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion
Authors: Powell Matthew Dalton , LaCoste Jed Donavan , Fetrow Christopher James , Fei Ling , Wei Shuya 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis review covers recent progress and advancements in bio‐templating nanomaterials for use in energy applications. Viruses, bacteria, and fungus, as well as plant and animal biomasses such as woods, coffee grounds, and crab shells, can be used as the templates or carbon sources for metal‐ and carbon‐based nanomaterials. Here we provide an overview of each of these materials as a template, with emphasis on the synthesis methods and qualities of nanomaterials fabricated using these templates. Research in this field is understandably diverse, as such, we aim to further its development by providing a timely summary of current research. We anticipate that this field will continue to prove highly applicable to the salient and growing topics of renewable energy.
False‐positive cases in multiple sleep latency test by accumulated sleep debt
Authors: Kizawa Tetsuya , Hosokawa Keisuke , Nishijima Tsuguo , Takahashi Susumu , Shimizu Tetsuo , Ono Taisuke , Han GoEun , Kanbayashi Takashi , Sakurai Shigeru , Kondo Hideaki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeMultiple sleep latency test (MSLT) is performed as objective assessment of sleepiness, on the following day after polysomnography (PSG). In most clinics, patients are required to stay for 2 days. However, if patients have chronic sleep debt before the examination, even if they get adequate nocturnal sleep during the initial PSG, their sleep debt would not be fully resolved, affecting MSLT results. This may lead to improper administration of psycho‐stimulant medication. To clarify the sleep debt for the patients who showed short sleep latencies, we compared the mean sleep latencies of MSLTs.MethodsTwelve hypersomnolent males, who underwent MSLTs (1st MSLT with 1 night and 2nd MSLT with more than 3 nights), were enrolled. We selected these cases based on the longer total sleep time on PSG night compared to the mean total sleep time on pre‐examination sleep logs and shortened sleep latencies on PSG. To evaluate the effect of the sleep debt for the patients who showed short sleep latencies, we extended their hospitalization or re‐hospitalized them.ResultsThe mean sleep latency of 1st MSLT was 5.8 minutes and that of 2nd was 13.9 minutes (P < .001). Among these 12 cases, 5 cases altered from short to normal sleep latencies at the 2nd MSLT. These 5 cases were prevented from over‐diagnoses by the extension of evaluations.ConclusionsThe sleep debt may produce false‐positive results when patients are examined by standard PSG and MSLT. Accumulation of sleep debt will cause shortened sleep latencies in the following nights. Patients should be advised to extend their hospitalization before PSG and MSLT to reduce the chronic sleep debt for accurate diagnosis of hypersomnia.
Conceptualizing the commercial determinants of dietary behaviors associated with obesity: A systematic review using principles from critical interpretative synthesis
Authors: Chavez‐Ugalde Yanaina , Jago Russell , Toumpakari Zoi , Egan Matt , Cummins Steven , White Martin , Hulls Paige , De Vocht Frank 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionUnhealthy diet is an important preventable risk factor for overweight and obesity. Identifying the key drivers of an unhealthy diet is an important public health aim. “Big Food” has been identified as an influential factor shaping dietary behavior and obesity, and their practices have broadly been labeled as the “commercial determinants of obesity,” but there is a lack of definitions and conceptualizations for these terms. This review aimed to synthesize literature on the commercial determinants of dietary behavior associated with obesity. It presents the development of an integrative definition and a conceptual framework involving potential influences on dietary behavior, and it examines the prevalence of certain narratives within papers that focus on children and adolescents.MethodsFour electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched up to December 2020. Eighty‐one articles met the inclusion criteria: they were published in a peer‐reviewed academic journal, described a practice from the food/beverage industry in relation to dietary behavior or obesity. Data were integrated using critical interpretative synthesis.ResultsThe commercial determinants of dietary behavior are conceptualized in terms of three corporate spheres of action—political and legal; production, processing and design; and marketing and preference shaping—which enable powerful food industry to successfully pursue their business, market, and political objectives. The most frequently reported sphere of action targeting children and adolescents wasmarketing and preference shaping.ConclusionsIn the included literature, the commercial determinants of dietary behavior associated with obesity have been conceptualized as being part of a complex system where corporate practices are enabled by power structures. The proposed framework can facilitate a structured identification and systematic study of the impact of specific aspects of food industry's strategies and increase opportunities for primary prevention by anticipating industry responses and by discouraging corporate practices that harm health.
Serotonin system genes contribute to the susceptibility to obesity in Black adolescents
Authors: Meng Ying , Groth Susan W. , Hodgkinson Colin A. , Mariani Thomas J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe importance of the central and peripheral serotonin systems in regulating energy balance and obesity development has been highlighted in animal models. Yet, the role of both serotonin systems has not been systematically assessed in humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of genes within both serotonin systems with obesity outcomes in black adolescents.MethodsAfrican–American adolescents (n = 1052) whose mothers participated the Memphis New Mother's Study were assessed. In total, 110 polymorphisms mapped to 10 serotonin genes were examined for their associations with standardized body mass index (BMI‐z) scores and waist circumferences using generalized estimating equation models.ResultsOver 39% of adolescents were overweight or had obesity. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within TPH2, HTR3B, and SLC6A4, were significantly associated with BMI‐z scores (p < 1.7 × 10−3). Two SNPs in TPH2 were nominally associated with waist circumferences. One SNP in HTR2C was associated with BMI‐z scores (p = 0.001) and waist circumferences (p = 0.005) only in girls. Tissue‐specific expression indicates that three identified genes are predominantly expressed in the brain.ConclusionThe central serotonin system may play a key role in obesity development in black adolescents. Future studies are warranted to explore additional serotonin system genes and their potential obesogenic mechanisms in humans.
Sickle cell disease and ventricular myocardial strain: A systematic review
Authors: Whipple Nicholas S. , Joshi Vijaya M. , Naik Ronak J. , Mentnech Tisha , McFarland Mary M. , Nolan Vikki G. , Hankins Jane S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCardiac disease is the primary cause of death in sickle cell disease (SCD). Cardiac abnormalities begin in childhood and progress throughout life. Right and left ventricular (RV, LV) myocardial strain are early markers of systolic dysfunction but are not well investigated among individuals with SCD. The objectives of this review were to (1) identify all published studies that have evaluated ventricular myocardial strain, (2) summarize their values, and (3) compare findings with those obtained from controls. From search results of four electronic databases—Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science—42 potential articles were identified, of which 18 articles and 17 studies met eligibility criteria for inclusion. The evaluated studies demonstrate that RV and LV myocardial strain are generally abnormal in individuals with SCD compared with controls, despite having normal ejection/shortening fraction. Myocardial strain has been inconsistently evaluated in this population and should be considered any time an echocardiogram is performed.
Role of the interface on electron transport in electro‐conductive polymer‐matrix composite: A review
Authors: Mondal Raj Kumar , Dubey Kumar Abhinav , Bhardwaj Yatender Kumar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConductive polymer nanocomposites (CPC) are considered to be one of the best materials for the various applications like sensors, electrolyte membrane, photovoltaic cell, electromagnetic interference shielding materials, overcurrent protection devices, and many more due to the balance between electrical and mechanical properties, low cost, and ease of manufacturing. The most important aspect of an electro‐CPC is the interface between the polymer and conductive filler. In order to be electro‐conductive the fillers need not be in physical contact between them rather a few nanometer (typically ~10 nm) gap exist between two neighboring filler. Electrical conductivity of the composites arises from electron tunneling and hopping between conducting network. A typical way of preparing polymeric nanocomposites is the direct incorporation of inorganic nanoparticulate filler into polymers. Primarily focus has been given to carbonaceous nanoparticles in this article. Nanoparticles are an automatic choice for preparing the nanocomposites owing to their high‐interfacial interaction. However, it is often very difficult to well disperse nanoparticles in polymers because the nano particles with high‐surface energy are easy to agglomerate, which in turn adversely affects electron conduction in nanocomposites. One of the most used techniques to overcome this difficulty is to modify the interface of the polymer and filler as often the interface between polymer and filler played a crucial role in electron conduction. The aim of this review article is to report the most recent developments in improving the interface of filler and polymers in CPC. The discussions are primarily focused on different methodologies for the preparation of CPC characterization of the interface and finally interface modification techniques.
The Arabidopsis thaliana nucleotide sugar transporter GONST2 is a functional homolog of GONST1
Authors: Jing Beibei , Ishikawa Toshiki , Soltis Nicole , Inada Noriko , Liang Yan , Murawska Gosia , Fang Lin , Andeberhan Fekadu , Pidatala Ramana , Yu Xiaolan , Baidoo Edward , Kawai‐Yamada Maki , Loque Dominique , Kliebenstein Daniel J. , Dupree Paul , Mortimer Jenny C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGlycosylinositolphosphorylceramides (GIPCs) are the predominant lipid in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Characterized GIPC glycosylation mutants have severe or lethal plant phenotypes. However, the function of the glycosylation is unclear. Previously, we characterized Arabidopsis thaliana GONST1 and showed that it was a nucleotide sugar transporter which provides GDP‐mannose for GIPC glycosylation. gonst1 has a severe growth phenotype, as well as a constitutive defense response. Here, we characterize a mutant in GONST1’s closest homolog, GONST2. The gonst2‐1 allele has a minor change to GIPC headgroup glycosylation. Like other reported GIPC glycosylation mutants, gonst1‐1gonst2‐1 has reduced cellulose, a cell wall polymer that is synthesized at the plasma membrane. The gonst2‐1 allele has increased resistance to a biotrophic pathogen Golovinomyces orontii but not the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Expression of GONST2 under the GONST1 promoter can rescue the gonst1 phenotype, indicating that GONST2 has a similar function to GONST1 in providing GDP‐D‐Man for GIPC mannosylation.
Forearm flexor injury is associated with medial ulnar collateral ligament injury in throwing athletes
Authors: Zaremski Jason L. , Pazik Marissa , Dean Cooper W. , Vijayaraghavan Niran , Fethiere Nicholas P. , Farmer Kevin W. , Horodyski Mary Beth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundElbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries have become increasingly common in throwing athletes. The forearm flexors (FF) have been studied as biomechanical stabilizers for the medial elbow. However, there are no studies investigating the association of concomitant UCL injuries and FF injuries in throwing athletes.ObjectiveTo determine if throwing athletes with a complete UCL injury had a greater likelihood of concomitant FF injury than those with a partial UCL injury.DesignDescriptive retrospective epidemiological study.SettingAcademic, tertiary care medical center.PatientsThrowing related UCL injuries in patients aged 12–24 years.Interventions/MethodsElectronic medical records and key word searches identified all patients from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. A board certified and fellowship trained musculoskeletal radiologist reviewed all advanced imaging studies.ResultsFifty‐four patients (46 male, 8 female, mean age 17.1 years, SD 2.3) were included. Fifty‐four UCL injuries (21 complete ruptures, 16 proximal partial injuries, 17 distal partial injuries) were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty‐eight FF injuries (22 strains, 6 tears) were diagnosed with MRI and/or MRI‐arthrogram. There was a significant association between sustaining a FF injury and UCL reconstruction (UCL‐R) (X2 = [1, N = 54], = 3.97, P = .046) (15/22, 68.2%), as well as FF injury and UCL injury location (X2 = [1, N = 33], = 3.86, P = .049) (10/17, distal partial UCL injury, 58.8%). Analysis of FF injury and complete UCL tear is not significant (X2 = [1, N = 54], = 3.02, P = .08) (14/21, 66.7%).ConclusionsThe data indicate that FF injury is associated with UCL injury in throwing athletes. Future prospective studies should investigate causation versus correlation of FF and UCL injury in throwing athletes. The results of this study have applications to multiple sports medicine areas that include but are not limited to surgical, nonsurgical, prehabilitation, rehabilitation, and sports performance. This study reveals a strongly significant association between FF injury and concomitant UCL injury in throwing athletes.
Enhancement of metal adhesion, owing to the plasma texturing of PEEK
Authors: Gravis David , Rigolé Grégoire , Yengui Mayssa , Knapp Wolfgang , Coulon Jean‐François , Poncin‐Epaillard Fabienne 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo understand both chemical and anchoring aspects of Al adhesion, the poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK) surface was plasma‐textured before being coated. The practical adhesion was compared with that obtained by laser texturing. The surfaces and assemblies were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, surface free energy determination, and pull‐off tests. Patterning processes increase Al adhesion. O2 plasma appears to be the most efficient through a texture assigned to the chemical erosion, whereas Ar plasma mostly induces material etching with thermal effects altering the PEEK crystallinity. With low‐pressure plasmas, this texturing can be added to the chemical functionalization to further increase the adhesion.