bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Endoscopic Practices and Outcomes in Follow-up of Gastric Ulcers
Authors: Yang Linda S. , Hartley Imogen , Thompson Alexander J. , Desmond Paul , Taylor Andrew C.F. , Moss Alan , Holt Bronte A. 
Published: August 2021

Goal:
The aim of this study was to evaluate current practice in gastric ulcer follow-up to establish diagnostic yield and predictors of malignancy.

Background:
Repeat gastroscopy is routinely performed to confirm gastric ulcer healing and exclude malignancy. However, the incidence of malignancy at follow-up endoscopy is low, without consensus regarding case selection and timing.

Study:
New gastric ulcers diagnosed on gastroscopy at 2 institutions in Australia were identified through keyword search of endoscopy reports over a 5-year period (2013 to 2017). Data collected included patient demographics, clinical presentation, and endoscopic and histologic findings from initial and subsequent gastroscopies.

Results:
Of 795 patients, repeat gastroscopy was performed in 440 (55%). Malignancy was diagnosed in 52 (7%) with 83% identified at initial gastroscopy. Eight cancers were identified at repeat gastroscopy with malignancy yield of 2% (8/440). Three were diagnosed in patients with benign initial ulcer histology (3/286, 1%). One cancer was diagnosed during follow-up in a patient with benign histology but no repeat gastroscopy (1/286, 0.3%). Predictors of benign ulcers were absence of endoscopic suspicion [odds ratio (OR) 0.1 (0.03-0.13), P≤0.005], complete healing on repeat gastroscopy [OR 0.5 (0.34-0.70), P=0.036] and benign initial histology [OR 0.12 (0.43-0.90), P≤0.005].

Conclusions:
Seven percent of new gastric ulcers were malignant with most identified with biopsy on initial gastroscopy. Malignancy yield from follow-up gastroscopy was 2%. Diagnostic yield of endoscopic follow-up may be low in ulcers with benign appearance and adequate histology. However, current practice of repeat gastroscopy is warranted in the absence of patient-based and lesion-based predictors of malignancy.
Gastroscopy in younger patients: an analysis of referrals and pathologies
Authors: Räsänen Noora , van Nieuwenhoven Michiel 
Published: August 2021

Background and aim
Diagnostic guidelines for the investigation of dyspepsia for patients <50 years have been implemented. However, it is unsure whether these guidelines are used appropriately. We aimed to investigate the adherence to the national guidelines of uninvestigated dyspepsia and to examine the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal pathology in patients 18–50 years. We also aimed to detect any possible risk factors for pathology in esophagogastroduodenoscopy referrals and to evaluate differences between referrals from the hospital and primary health care.

Method
This is a retrospective review of medical records including patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy between January 2019 and April 2020 (n = 1809). Odds ratios (OR), positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), chi-square and Mann–Whitney U-tests were applied.

Results
In total 1708 patients were included, of whom 43.6% (n = 744) had a pathologic finding. Age group 41–50 years showed the highest prevalence with an OR 1.34 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.69]. Helicobacter pylori testing was performed in 21.1% (n = 167) of patients with dyspepsia lacking alarm symptoms (n = 791). PPV and OR were generally low for a pathologic esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The absence of alarm symptoms showed a high NPV for significant pathology (98.7–99.6%). Significant pathology was almost exclusively found in hospital-based referrals.

Conclusions
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is widely performed in young adults, often without significant findings. Adherence to the national guidelines was poor. No referral factors were associated with a significant risk for a pathologic finding. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy based on primary healthcare referrals demonstrated almost exclusively benign pathology. Significant pathology was only found via hospital-based referrals.
Head and neck free-flap salvage
Authors: Olinde Lindsay M. , Farber Nicole I. , Kain Joshua J. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose of review
To highlight three clinical arenas in which head and neck free-flap compromise is encountered and acted upon: nonoperative, operative and postoperative realms.

Recent findings
Time to identification and intervention is paramount to successful free-flap salvage. Surgical microvascular revision remains chief amongst strategies to revert vascular compromise of a free-flap. Adjuncts, such as thrombolytics and systemic anticoagulation have an important role in the complex work of microvascular free tissue care. Venous congestion of free flaps holds favorable for salvage when compared with arterial insufficiency.

Summary
Vascular compromise of head and neck free flaps is a rare and feared event for microvascular surgeons, with successful transfers rates approaching above 95%. Success in salvage is dependent on prompt identification of tissue compromise and timely, directed interventions to re-establish tissue perfusion.
Results of an International Survey on Feeding Management in Infants With Short Bowel Syndrome‐Associated Intestinal Failure
Authors: Verlato Giovanna , Hill Susan , Jonkers‐Schuitema Cora , Macdonald Sarah , Guimber Dominique , Echochard‐Dugelay Emmanuelle , Pulvirenti Rebecca , Lambe Cecile , Tabbers Merit ,   European Reference Network on Rare and Inherited Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA)
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTObjectives:Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a complex and rare condition (incidence 1200/100,000 live births) that requires a multidisciplinary team approach to management. In January 2019, the first European Reference Network on Rare and Inherited Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA) Intestinal Failure (IF) workshop was held. Several questions about the strategies used in managing IF associated with SBS were devised. The aim of our study was to collect data on the enteral feeding strategies adopted by the ERNICA centres.Methods:A questionnaire (36 questions) about strategies used to introduce enteral nutrition post‐operatively and start complementary food/solids in infants with SBS associated IF was developed and sent to 24 centres in 15 countries that participated in the ERNICA‐IF workshop. The answers were collated and compared with the literature.Results:There was a 100% response rate. In infants, enteral nutrition was introduced as soon as possible, ideally within 24–48 hours post‐small intestinal surgical resection. In 10 of 24 centres, bolus feeding was used, in nine continuous, and in five a combination of both. Twenty‐three centres used mothers’ own milk as the first choice of feed with extensively hydrolysed feed, amino acid‐based feed, donor human milk or standard preterm/term formula as the second choice. Although 22 centres introduced complementary/solid food by 6 months of age, food choice varied greatly between centres and appeared to be culturally based.Conclusions:There is diversity in post‐surgical enteral feeding strategies among centres in Europe. Further multi‐centre studies could help to increase evidence‐based medicine and management on this topic.
Engaging Social Media Influencers to Recruit Hard-to-Reach Populations
Authors: Wentzell Katherine , Walker Heather R. , Hughes Allyson S. , Vessey Judith A. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Though clinical researchers have begun to use social media platforms to recruit participants, social media influencers are innovative community connectors to further expand recruitment reach, especially in hard-to-reach populations.

Objectives
The purpose of this methods article is to provide a step-by-step guide for engaging social media influencers for virtual participant recruitment.

Methods
There are multiple steps for researchers to follow, including preplanning, institutional review board approval, engaging with influencers, the pitch, the post, and results dissemination.

Discussion
Engaging social media influencers to recruit for clinical research demonstrates great potential to increase access to hard-to-reach populations. Several methodological considerations remain, and this article shares both opportunities and challenges to guide researchers in this technique.
Evaluating Outcomes and Weight Loss After Panniculectomy
Authors: Stewart Christopher M. , Faaborg-Andersen Christian , Baker Nusaiba , Losken Albert 
Published: August 2021

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes and weight loss after panniculectomy.

Methods
A retrospective chart review study was performed on 225 consecutive patients who had undergone panniculectomy from 2002 and 2020. Demographic variables including smoking status, medical comorbidities, and prior history of weight loss/bariatric surgery were collected for 173 patients. Preoperative and postoperative body mass index (BMI) were calculated in addition to postoperative outcomes.

Results
The study population was 85% female with a mean age of 57 years and an average follow-up of 3.9 years. Relevant comorbidities included obesity (88%), hypertension (65%), diabetes (37%), and smoking (8%), and the majority (53%) of patients had undergone prior bariatric surgery. The overall complication rate was 40%. Twenty percent of patients required reoperation or readmission, and 20% had minor complications addressed in an outpatient setting. Patients who had higher preoperative BMI experienced a significant long-term reduction in BMI. In addition, patients who did not undergo prior bariatric surgery tended to lose weight more often and by larger amounts than patients who had prior bariatric surgery (71.6% vs 57.6, P = 0.023). Complications were not uncommon and included infection (17%), delayed wound healing (16%), seroma (8%), and hematoma (3%). Patients who had prior bariatric surgery were at reduced risk of any complication (P = 0.012). Smoking increased the incidence of infection (38.5% of smokers vs 15.6% of nonsmokers, P = 0.039). Concomitant hernia repair increased the risk of overall complications (64.3% vs 35.9%, P = 0.003) and delayed wound healing (39.2% vs 11.7%, P < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients who did not lose weight, a panniculus weight greater than 5 kg was associated with an increased complication rate (61.5% vs 27%, P = 0.03).

Conclusions
Patients who underwent a panniculectomy tended to lose weight postoperatively, particularly those who had not undergone previous bariatric surgery. Complications were not uncommon, especially in patients with a smoking history. Prior bariatric surgery patients had a significant decrease in postoperative complications but tended to lose less weight after panniculectomy than those without prior bariatric surgery. Concomitant hernia repair put patients at an increased risk of complications.
Contemporary Review on Craniectomy and Cranioplasty; Part 2: Material Selection and Plate Manufacture
Authors: Hatamleh Muhanad M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cranioplasty materials include metals (ie, titanium); ceramics (ie, hydroxyapatite); polymers (ie, poly-methyl-metha-acrylate [PMMA]); and plastics (ie, polyether ether ketone). This paper aims to review their advantages and drawbacks. No ideal material currently exist, however, titanium implants are universally agreed to have lower infection rates than those reported for hydroxyapatite and PMMA implants; thus justifying their current wide use. These implants can be manufactured conventionally from medical grade titanium alloy Ti64 (titanium-aluminum-vanadium) in the form of plates ranging in thickness from 0.5 to 0.7 mm thick, or following the computer-aided design/manufacture principle. Surface finish of these implants is best achieved by electroplating.
Neoadjuvant Therapy for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Birrer Dominique L. , Golcher Henriette , Casadei Riccardo , Haile Sarah R. , Fritsch Ralph , Hussung Saskia , Brunner Thomas B. , Fietkau Rainer , Meyer Thomas , Grützmann Robert , Merkel Susanne , Ricci Claudio , Ingaldi Carlo , Di Marco Mariacristina , Guido Alessandra , Serra Carla , Minni Francesco , Pestalozzi Bernhard , Petrowsky Henrik , DeOliveira Michelle , Bechstein Wolf O. , Bruns Christiane J. , Oberkofler Christian E. , Puhan Milo , Lesurtel Mickaël , Heinrich Stefan , Clavien Pierre-Alain 
Published: August 2021

Objective:The aim of this study was to pool data from randomized controlled trials (RCT) limited toresectablepancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to determine whether a neoadjuvant therapy impacts on disease-free survival (DFS) and surgical outcome.Summary Background Data:Few underpowered studies have suggested benefits from neoadjuvant chemo (± radiation) for strictly resectable PDAC without offering conclusive recommendations.Methods:Three RCTs were identified comparing neoadjuvant chemo (± radio) therapyvs.upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy in all cases. Data were pooled targeting DFS as primary endpoint, whereas overall survival (OS), postoperative morbidity, and mortality were investigated as secondary endpoints. Survival endpoints DFS and OS were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression with study-specific baseline hazards.Results:A total of 130 patients were randomized (56 in the neoadjuvant and 74 in the control group). DFS was significantly longer in the neoadjuvant treatment group compared to surgery only[hazard ratio (HR) 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–0.9] (P= 0.01). Furthermore, DFS for the subgroup of R0 resections was similarly longer in the neoadjuvant treated group (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.35–0.9,P= 0.045). Although postoperative complications (Comprehensive Complication Index, CCI®) occurred less frequently (P= 0.008), patients after neoadjuvant therapy experienced a higher toxicity, but without negative impact on oncological or surgical outcome parameters.Conclusion:Neoadjuvant therapy can be offered as an acceptable standard of care for patients with purely resectable PDAC. Future research with the advances of precision oncology should now focus on the definition of the optimal regimen.
Existing human mobility data sources poorly predicted the spatial spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Madagascar
Authors: Ramiadantsoa Tanjona , Metcalf C. Jessica E. , Raherinandrasana Antso Hasina , Randrianarisoa Santatra , Rice Benjamin L. , Wesolowski Amy , Randriatsarafara Fidiniaina Mamy , Rasambainarivo Fidisoa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor emerging epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, quantifying travel is a key component of developing accurate predictive models of disease spread to inform public health planning. However, in many LMICs, traditional data sets on travel such as commuting surveys as well as non-traditional sources such as mobile phone data are lacking, or, where available, have only rarely been leveraged by the public health community. Evaluating the accuracy of available data to measure transmission-relevant travel may be further hampered by limited reporting of suspected and laboratory confirmed infections. Here, we leverage case data collected as part of a COVID-19 dashboard collated via daily reports from the Malagasy authorities on reported cases of SARS-CoV-2 across the 22 regions of Madagascar. We compare the order of the timing of when cases were reported with predictions from a SARS-CoV-2 metapopulation model of Madagascar informed using various measures of connectivity including a gravity model based on different measures of distance, Internal Migration Flow data, and mobile phone data. Overall, the models based on mobile phone connectivity and the gravity-based on Euclidean distance best predicted the observed spread. The ranks of the regions most remote from the capital were more difficult to predict but interestingly, regions where the mobile phone connectivity model was more accurate differed from those where the gravity model was most accurate. This suggests that there may be additional features of mobility or connectivity that were consistently underestimated using all approaches, but are epidemiologically relevant. This work highlights the importance of data availability and strengthening collaboration among different institutions with access to critical data - models are only as good as the data that they use, so building towards effective data-sharing pipelines is essential.
DESIGNER DNA HYDROGELS TO STIMULATE 3D CELL INVASION BY ENHANCED RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AND MEMBRANE ENDOCYTOSIS
Authors: Walia Shanka , Morya Vinod , Gangrade Ankit , Naskar Supriyo , Teja Aditya Guduru , Dalvi Sameer , Maiti Prabal K , Ghoroi Chinmay , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDNA has emerged as one of the smartest biopolymers to bridge the gap between chemical science and biology to design scaffolds like hydrogels by physical entanglement or chemical bonding with remarkable properties. We present here a completely new application of DNA based hydrogels in terms of their capacity to stimulate membrane endocytosis, leading to enhanced cell spreading and invasion for cells in ex-vivo 3D spheroids models. Multiscale simulation studies along with DLS data showed that the hydrogel formation was enhanced at lower temperature and it converts to liquid with increase in temperature. DNA hydrogels induced cell spreading as observed by increase in cellular area by almost two-folds followed by increase in receptor expression, endocytosis and 3D invasion potential of migrating cells. Our first results lay the foundation for upcoming diverse applications of hydrogels to probe and program various cellular and physiological processes that can have lasting applications in stem cells programming and regenerative therapeutics.
Does privatization of public sector banks affect stock prices? An event study approach on the Indian banking sector stocks
Authors: Rai Varun Kumar , Pandey Dharen Kumar 
Published: August 2021

PurposeWith a sample of 22 banks, this study examines the significance of the news contents about the privatization of two public sector banks in India. New information does impact the stock markets. This study provides evidence on how the privatization of public sector banks impacted the returns of the Indian banking sector.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs the standard event study methodology with the market model for estimating the normal returns.FindingsThe statistical results indicate that while the private sector banks experienced positive average abnormal returns on the event day, the cumulative effect of the announcement is negatively significant for both private and public sector banks. The statistical results also provide evidence of information leakage, with significant results before the announcement date. The shorter event windows analysis exhibits significant positive returns in the 5-days [−2, +2] window for the private sector banks and the entire sample, signifying a positive short-term impact on the private sector banks.Originality/valueThe event study literature captures the impacts of many events. However, to the best of our knowledge, the impacts of the privatization of the Indian public sector banks have never been examined using the event study methodology. Hence, this study anticipates being the first-ever study to fill this gap and extend the available literature in finance. In addition, although we provide Indian evidence, future studies may be oriented to capture cross-country impacts.
The impact of Covid-19 on access to psychological services
Authors: Purrington Jack , Beail Nigel 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The novel coronavirus and associated mitigation efforts have produced barriers to accessing services for adults with intellectual disabilities. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of Covid-19 on access to psychological services. The paper evaluates monthly referral rates and psychological distress scores for service users awaiting therapy.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative service evaluation was completed in a psychology service based in the North of England which specialises in supporting adults with intellectual disabilities. A single case experimental design was used to examine the impact of events in March 2020 on referral rates. Descriptive statistics and effect size calculations were used to examine the impact of prolonged waiting times on psychological distress scores.

Findings
Referral rates were examined comparing a 5-year rolling average monthly referral rate for the 12 months prior to March 2020 with the 12 months following. Findings demonstrate that events starting in March 2020 have had a considerable impact on referral rates and rates have not recovered. Eight service users were contacted to determine the impact of prolonged waiting times with results demonstrating increases in psychological distress of large effect size.

Originality/value
This is the only paper the authors are aware of examining the impact of the coronavirus on access to services and psychological distress for adults with intellectual disabilities. It is hoped that these findings will be able to inform both policy and practice as services continue to navigate the pandemic.
Antecedents of adaptive selling behaviour: a study of the Korean cosmetic industry
Authors: Amenuvor Fortune Edem , Yi Ho-Taek , Boateng Henry 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis paper examines the antecedents of adaptive selling behavior empirically from the salespeople's, customers', and firms' perspectives.Design/methodology/approachSurvey design was used for this study. Data from 219 salespeople and their visiting customers in selected cosmetics companies in Korea are used to test the conceptual model using structural equation modeling.FindingsFindings show that intrinsic motivation, empathy, and product knowledge are germane to adaptive selling behavior among salesperson-level factors. Similarly, among the customer-level factors, the length of the relationship between salespeople and customers positively affects adaptive selling behavior. Also, while supervisory empowerment among the organizational-level factors significantly predicts adaptive selling behavior, supervisory control has a negative effect on adaptive selling behavior. The study finds that emotional intelligence and customer value demandingness do not significantly affect adaptive selling behavior.Originality/valueEven though there is extant research on adaptive selling behavior, our research differs from previous research because our research focuses on door-to-door personal selling channels. Furthermore, this study departs from previous research because it uses customer-reporting of the salespeople and salespeople's self-reporting responses.