bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in the study of the trophic niche of batoids with distribution in Mexican waters
Authors: Serrano‐Flores Francisco , Torres‐Rojas Yassir E. , Ajemian Matthew J. , Mendoza‐Carranza Manuel , Pérez‐Jiménez Juan C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBatoid (rays and skates) populations are declining worldwide, with unknown ecological consequences due to lacking consolidated data on the trophic ecology of these species. Such trends are particularly disconcerting in Mexican waters, where batoids are heavily exploited by commercial fisheries. To assess the current state of knowledge of batoid diet in this region, we conducted a meta‐analysis of 54 published stomach content analysis studies. Trophic niche was assessed from 44 total species, including variations due to sex, ontogeny, season, and region, as well as trophic overlap among species. The species assessed belonged to the taxonomic families Urotrygonidae, Dasyatidae, Potamotrygonidae, Mobulidae, Rhinopteridae, Aetobatidae, Gymnuridae, Rhinobatidae, Rajidae, Arhyncobatidae, and Narcinidae. Most of the diet studies to date were conducted in the Mexican Pacific (n = 24), whereas only three studies have come from the Mexican Atlantic, with 27 additional studies coming from other American countries from the tropical and subtropical region. Crustaceans were reported in more than 50% of the species assessed and were also generally the most important prey item, with either high (76%–100%) and medium‐high (51%–75%) importance based on dietary indices from the literature reviewed. While the diet of 40 species (91%) consisted of more than one prey type, feeding strategy analysis (Levin and Shannon–Wiener indices) of 27 species indicated that 25 were specialists and two generalists. Species diets varied with ontogeny (20%), sex (11%), region (11%), and seasonality (9%). According to the reviewed studies, interspecific diet overlap was evident in 36% of species, mainly in the family Urotrygonidae. Batoids were grouped into four trophic guilds: crustacivores (68.1%), annelidivores (primarily polychaetes) (13.6%), molluscivores (11.3%), and piscivores (6.8%), based on the literature reviewed. This study showed that most of the batoids had a specialist crustacean‐based diet. Future research should focus on species devoid of dietary data to encapsulate the trophic niche breadth of this group in Mexican waters, particularly from the Mexican Atlantic and surrounding regions.
Collisional mixing between inner and outer solar system planetesimals inferred from the Nedagolla iron meteorite
Authors: Spitzer Fridolin , Burkhardt Christoph , Pape Jonas , Kleine Thorsten 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe ungrouped iron meteorite Nedagolla is the first meteorite with bulk Mo, Ru, and Ni isotopic compositions that are intermediate between those of the noncarbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) meteorite reservoirs. The Hf‐W chronology of Nedagolla indicates that this mixed NC–CC isotopic composition was established relatively late, more than 7 Myr after solar system formation. The mixed NC–CC isotopic composition is consistent with the chemical composition of Nedagolla, which combines signatures of metal segregation under more oxidizing conditions (relative depletions in Mo and W), characteristic for CC bodies, and more reducing conditions (high Si and Cr contents), characteristic for some NC bodies, in a single sample. These data combined suggest that Nedagolla formed as the result of collisional mixing of NC and CC core material, which partially re‐equilibrated with silicate mantle material that predominantly derives from the NC body. These mixing processes might have occurred during a hit‐and‐run collision between two differentiated bodies, which also provides a possible pathway for Nedagolla's extreme volatile element depletion. As such, Nedagolla provides the first isotopic evidence for early collisional mixing of NC and CC bodies that is expected as a result of Jupiter's growth.
The use of combined PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemical staining to diagnose mucormycosis from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues
Authors: Liu Xiao , Song Yinggai , Li Ruoyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a comprehensive diagnostic system for mucormycosis from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues, consisting of own‐designed real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, fluorescence in situ hybridisation, and immunohistochemical staining.MethodsWe designed 11 primers and probes for specific real‐time PCR assays based on genome sequences, and validated the specificity by Aspergillus, Fusarium, Scedosporium, Lomentospora, Cryptococcus and Candida species. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues from forty‐four mouse model infected by above fungi were collected and extracted DNA by laser capture microdissection (LCM) and direct extraction methods for real‐time PCR assays. In addition, seventeen clinical specimens histopathologically proven for mucormycosis were included for specific detection with the new diagnostic system.ResultsThe real‐time PCR assays allowed detection of a minimum of 10 CFU/ml equivalent gDNA of each species. No cross‐reaction with gDNA among species was noted. From mouse model specimens, the sensitivity of real‐time PCR in samples extracted with LCM versus direct extraction method was 100% versus 91.43% at Mucorales level and 80% versus 45.71% at species level, respectively. The specificity was 100%. From clinical samples, LCM combined with real‐time PCR can test 88.24% (15/17) of Mucorales. Sensitivities of fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) were 70.59% and 41.18%, respectively. Combined LCM‐RT‐PCR, FISH and IHC yielded positive results in all samples.ConclusionsThe combination diagnostic system we developed is a culture‐independent and robust method which enables rapid species identification from FFPE tissues for timely diagnosis of mucormycosis.
Calmodulin‐like protein CML24 interacts with CAMTA2 and WRKY46 to regulate ALMT1‐dependent Al resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Zhu Xue , Wang Peng , Bai Zhimin , Herde Marco , Ma Yanqi , Li Na , Liu Shuo , Huang Chao‐Feng , Cui Rongxiu , Ma Hongyu , Zhang Meng , Wang Hui , Wei Tiandi , Quan Taiyong , Zhang Wei , Liu Chunguang , Zhang Tao , Yang Zhong‐Bao 
Published: October 2021

Summary

ALUMINUM‐ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER1 (ALMT1)‐mediated malate exudation from roots is critical for aluminium (Al) resistance in Arabidopsis. Its upstream molecular signalling regulation is not yet well understood.

The role of CALMODULIN‐LIKE24 (CML24) in Al‐inhibited root growth and downstream molecular regulation of ALMT1‐meditaed Al resistance was investigated.

CML24 confers Al resistance demonstrated by an increased root‐growth inhibition of the cml24 loss‐of‐function mutant under Al stress. This occurs mainly through the regulation of the ALMT1‐mediated malate exudation from roots. The mutation and overexpression of CML24 leads to an elevated and reduced Al accumulation in the cell wall of roots, respectively. Al stress induced both transcript and protein abundance of CML24 in root tips, especially in the transition zone. CML24 interacts with CALMODULIN BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR2 (CAMTA2) and promotes its transcriptional activity in the regulation of ALMT1 expression. This results in an enhanced malate exudation from roots and less root‐growth inhibition under Al stress. Both CML24 and CAMTA2 interacted with WRKY46 suppressing the transcriptional repression of ALMT1 by WRKY46.

The study provides novel insights into understanding of the upstream molecular signalling of the ALMT1‐depdendent Al resistance.
IL‐38–mediated NLRP3/caspase‐1 inhibition is a disease‐modifying treatment for TMJ inflammation
Authors: Luo Ping , Zhao Tingting , He Hong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently, interleukin‐38 (IL‐38) was identified as an important anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive factor, but its functional role in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate how IL‐38 affects chondrocytes and the underlying mechanism that contributes to anti‐inflammatory processes in the TMJ. Western blotting, quantitative real‐time PCR, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to verify that IL‐38 has anti‐inflammatory effects on chondrocytes, and the related key pathways were analyzed by western blotting. SiRNA‐IL‐38, siRNA‐NLRP3, and MCC950 were used to investigate the mechanism underlying the anti‐inflammatory effects of IL‐38. Inflammation models were induced by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant in TMJ with mouse recombinant IL‐38 inin vivostudies. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were used to investigate histological changes in the cartilage. The results showed that IL‐38 inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs. IL‐38 limited inflammation by inhibiting the expression of MAPKs/NF‐κB and the NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway.In vivo, IL‐38 reduced chondrocyte inflammation and limited cartilage degeneration. This study shows for the first time that IL‐38 plays a protective role in TMJ cartilage. IL‐38 exerts anti‐inflammatory effects through the NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway and may be a promising agent for treating TMJ inflammation.
Generic ICD programming and outcomes
Authors: Khan Parisha , Jahagirdar Nishat , Laybourn Micaela , Harding Idris , Cannatà Antonio , Bromage Daniel I. , Shabeeh Husain , Kabunga Peter , Petzer Edward , Murgatroyd Francis , Scott Paul A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionGeneric ICD programming, where shock‐reduction programming is extrapolated from trials of one manufacturer to another, may reduce non‐essential ICD therapies beyond that seen in randomized trials. However, the benefits and risks are unknown. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of a standardized programming protocol, based on generic programming, across manufacturers.MethodsWe included all new ICDs in a single center (2009–2019). In 2013 a standardized programming protocol based on generic programming was introduced, incorporating high detection rates (200 bpm for primary prevention) and long detection (30/40 or equivalent in VF zone) for all patients. Patients were classified into three groups based on implant programming: pre‐guideline (PS), post‐guideline and guideline compliant (GC) and post‐guideline but not guideline compliant (NGC). The end‐points were the first occurrence of any device therapy (ATP or shock), ICD shock, syncope and all‐cause mortality. Survival analysis was used to evaluate outcomes.Results1003 patients were included (mean follow‐up 1519 ± 1005 days). In primary prevention patients (n = 583) freedom from ICD therapy (91.5% vs. 73.6%, p < .001) or shock (94.7% vs 84.8%, p = .02) were significantly higher in GC compared to PS patients, without significant increase in syncope or mortality. In secondary prevention patients (n = 420) freedom from any ICD therapy or any shock were non‐significantly higher in GC compared to PS patients, without an increase in syncope or mortality.ConclusionsIn primary prevention patients a standardized programming protocol, incorporating generic programming, reduced the burden of ICD therapy without an increase in adverse outcomes.
Cultural diversity within couples: Risk or chance? A meta‐analytic review of relationship satisfaction
Authors: Uhlich Maximiliane , Luginbuehl Tamara , Schoebi Dominik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrevious research has suggested that couples with different sociocultural backgrounds (DISC) are less stable and less satisfied than culturally homogeneous couples, putatively because of the stressors these couples face, for example, discrimination. However, a review of the literature suggests that findings across studies are somewhat mixed, and correlates of different sociodemographic variables are potentially important. We identified and reviewed 20 studies that examined relationship satisfaction in couples with different and homogeneous sociocultural backgrounds so that comparisons between the two groups were possible and effect sizes could be computed. Overall, our meta‐analysis found no evidence for DISC couples being less satisfied than culturally homogeneous couples, challenging this assumption. Only a few effect sizes, with large confidence intervals, suggested lower relationship satisfaction in DISC couples than in culturally homogenous couples, and these differences may be explained by demographic correlates. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for relationship researchers conducting research on DISC couples.
Unaffirmed and color‐blind: Racial worldview and stigma experienced in interracial relationships
Authors: Brooks James E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMarginalization as an interracial couple has been associated with poorer relationship functioning and poorer mental health outcomes. However, what contributes to whether interracial relationship (IR) partners perceive their relationship as stigmatized is not fully understood. Using a racially diverse sample of over 200 participants in IRs, this study addresses group and individual differences in the experience of IR stigma. Results suggest that, despite literature on related constructs such as stigma consciousness (the extent to which one is aware that they face marginalization or discrimination), there were no race‐based group differences in reports of experienced stigma. Instead, a more nuanced account of a person's understanding of the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional impact of race, a novel concept called racial worldview, offers an important step forward in understanding the perception of stigma. Racial worldview has implications for the continued study of interracial romantic relationships as an alternative for race‐based group comparisons and a meaningful alternative to comparative studies with intraracial or same‐race relationships.
Governing aquaculture commons
Authors: Partelow Stefan , Schlüter Achim , O. Manlosa Aisa , Nagel Ben , Octa Paramita Adiska 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKnowledge of the shared resources—or commons—that aquaculture systems rely on, and the appropriate rule and norm systems to govern them—or institutions—is far behind other natural resource use sectors. In this article, we provide a conceptual framework for identifying the social and environmental commons creating collective action problems for aquaculture governance. Collective action problems, or social dilemmas, create problems for governing shared resources because the typical strategies for individual use (maximisation; free riding) are often divergent from broader group interests (e.g. fair contributions; sustainable use). This framework helps identify two types of collective action problems in aquaculture: first‐order (direct use and provision of commons) and second‐order (provision, maintenance and adaptation of institutions to govern commons). First‐order aquaculture commons with governance challenges include water quality, water quantity, physical space, inputs, genetic diversity, mitigating infectious disease, earth and climate stability, infrastructure, knowledge and money. Second‐order institutions govern the use of first‐order commons. These include rule and norm systems that structure property rights and markets, aiming to better align individual behaviour and collective interests (e.g. sustainability goals) through governance. However, which combination of institutions will fit best is likely to be unique to context, where aquaculture has important differences from capture fisheries and agriculture. We provide four case examples applying our conceptual framework to identify existing aquaculture commons, institutions and governance challenges in Peru (mariculture), the Philippines (earthen ponds), Nepal (raceways) and Denmark (recirculation).
Prioritizing Multidimensional Interdependent Factors Influencing COVID‐19 Risk
Authors: Qazi Abroon , Simsekler Mecit Can Emre , Gaudenzi Barbara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 has significantly affected various industries and domains worldwide. Since such pandemics are considered as rare events, risks associated with pandemics are generally managed through reactive approaches, which involve seeking more information about the severity of the pandemic over time and adopting suitable strategies accordingly. However, policy‐makers at a national level must devise proactive strategies to minimize the harmful impacts of such pandemics. In this article, we use a country‐level data‐set related to humanitarian crises and disasters to explore critical factors influencing COVID‐19 related hazard and exposure, vulnerability, lack of coping capacity, and the overall risk for individual countries. The main contribution is to establish the relative importance of multidimensional factors associated with COVID‐19 risk in a probabilistic network setting. This study provides unique insights to policy‐makers regarding the identification of critical factors influencing COVID‐19 risk and their relative importance in a network setting.
Data‐Driven Sustainability: Metrics, Digital Technologies, and Governance in Food and Agriculture*
Authors: Hatanaka Maki , Konefal Jason , Strube Johann , Glenna Leland , Conner David 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn recent years, performance metrics and digital technologies have gained substantial support to advance on‐farm sustainability. The combined use of metrics and digital technologies represents a potentially important shift in agricultural sustainability governance, which has largely been dominated by the use of standards and certification. Focusing on the U.S. context, this paper examines the operationalization of the emerging metrics and data (M&D) approach to sustainability governance in food and agriculture. Specifically, we analyze the factors undergirding the growing usage of an M&D approach to sustainability, the structure, and practices of such an approach as well as the roles and implications for key actors in agrifood systems. Our analysis indicates that although an M&D approach to an agricultural sustainability transition potentially addresses some of the critiques and limitations associated with the use of standards and certification and has the growing support of a range of stakeholders, it also faces numerous challenges. These include a lack of incentives and insufficient value for growers, concerns over data ownership and access, and barriers to the translation of data into changes in grower management and practices.
The neo‐peasant movement in Catalonia: An attempt at defining it in the light of the infrapolitical strategies of resistance
Authors: Hummel Agata , Escribano Paula 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article analyses everyday forms of resistance of the neo‐peasants in Catalonia against the dominant legal and economic system. For the purpose of the analysis, neo‐peasants are defined as social movement whose actors share the same values reflected in the neo‐peasant identity and try to put into practice a peasant lifestyle and a peasant economy based on agriculture and animal breeding. This article is based on the analysis of the ethnography of 26 initiatives that was carried out between 2016 and 2020. It examines the neo‐peasant lifestyle as a form of infrapolitics–neo‐peasants’ ‘a‐legal’ practices, such as pig slaughter or voluntary insolvency. These neo‐peasant resistance strategies are the forms of coping with the current legal and economic context. We propose that infrapolitics is a mode of action that can be used to redefine what is considered a legitimate political space and to build new spaces in which political agonism can be manifested. Moreover, we argue that because of this particular function of neo‐peasant infrapolitics, they can be analysed using the New Social Movements theory or a concept of the ‘hope movement’.
Torn Between International Cooperation and National Sovereignty: Voter Attitudes in Trade‐off Situations in Switzerland
Authors: Lauener Lukas , Emmenegger Patrick , Häusermann Silja , Walter Stefanie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis research note examines voter preferences in Swiss‐EU relations. We identify large shares of cross‐pressured voters, i.e., citizens who support the bilateral treaties but wish to either control immigration into Switzerland or oppose a liberalization of social protection measures on the job market. Voters experiencing a trade‐off between immigration control and international cooperation are mainly located on the Right. Their share decreased between 2015 and 2019, whereas the share of neutral voters sharply increased. Moreover, negotiations about an Institutional Framework Agreement between Switzerland and the EU have given rise to a new trade‐off – namely between social protection and international cooperation – with cross‐pressured voters mainly concentrated on the Left. This tension has generated a high share of undecided voters. When pressured to decide on these trade‐offs, cross‐pressured and neutral voters opt for the bilateral treaties over immigration control, whereas they prefer social protection over the new agreement. Partisanship is a strong predictor of these choices.
Fostering spiritual intelligence and a concomitant development of WTC in EFL learners
Authors: Abdolrezapour Parisa , Alipour Javad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSpiritual intelligence involves a search to find and create meaning based on a deep understanding of existential tenets and the ability to reach higher meanings and values. Despite the growing interest among scholars to study the development of this construct and its impact on one's life, it has remained an under‐researched area of inquiry, particularly in the foreign language context. This study aimed to address this gap. The sample consisted of 47 students with the age range of 15–19 years old from a language institute, who were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent a spiritual intervention over eight weeks whereas the control group received the typical instruction of the institute. Both groups completed King's spiritual intelligence inventory and Peng and Woodrow's WTC scale. Findings point to the significant effect of the intervention on improving spiritual intelligence from pretest to posttest. Also, compared to the control group, the experimental group gained significantly higher grades in WTC on the posttest. It is suggested that spiritual intelligence be incorporated into pedagogical practices to enhance learners' willingness to communicate, thereby improving their oral performance.