bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ageing consumers and e-commerce activities
Authors: Rybaczewska Maria , Sparks Leigh 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTechnology, and particularly the internet, has transformed consumer and business behaviours. An ageing population is impacted by these contextual and operational changes. Understanding these impacts within an ageing population is important for businesses, organisations and individuals, and their e-commerce activities. Our study increases understanding about the online behaviour of older consumers. Our research question is: what is the impact of age and individual and household characteristics on the online behaviour of older consumers? This is important given the increasing assumption that all consumers are digitally enabled. We use data from the first wave of an innovative longitudinal study in Scotland (HAGIS – Healthy Ageing in Scotland) to explore ageing consumers and e-commerce activities. The United Kingdom (including Scotland) is the world's third largest e-commerce market, thus providing a suitable context. Our findings point to a shifting relationship between ageing consumers and e-commerce activities. Age is related to e-commerce activities but the ‘break-point’ for these activities is older than normally identified in academic and business practice. Sex is not a differentiator of activity but marital status is. Age and the contextual situation impact e-commerce, and have implications for access and capability, and link to questions over isolation. Important issues are raised for business and organisational practice, around service and other delivery for older people.
Assessing spatial dispersion, abundance, and conservation perspectives of Military MacawAra militarispopulations in Mexico
Authors: MONTERRUBIO-RICO TIBERIO C. , CHARRE-MEDELLÍN JUAN F. , RUBIO-ROCHA YAMEL , BONILLA-RUZ CARLOS , CINTA-MAGALLÓN CLAUDIA , CANCINO-MURILLO RAMÓN , SAHAGÚN-SÁNCHEZ FRANCISCO J. , DURAN-FERNÁNDEZ ALEJANDRO , LOWRY JENNIFER S. , CORRALES-SAUCEDO JESÚS M. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe preservation of Military MacawAra militarisin Mexico required the implementation of a nationwide assessment evaluating its vulnerability using IUCN criteria. With the combined effort of several institutions, the abundance, location, dispersion, habitat availability, and climatic conditions of areas occupied by the species were determined. Although the species’ extent of occurrence is extensive (263,919 km2) only 29% of this constitutes area of occupancy. Published estimates indicate a series of isolated populations containing from four macaws to 215. Macaws occurred in 35 populations in four regions of 16 states containing an estimated 1,563–3,263 macaws; lower than required for long-term viability. Within regions, neighbouring populations were separated by an average of 68 km. The extent of occurrence is heterogeneous, and macaws inhabit areas that differ in elevation, precipitation, temperature, and forest cover. Higher local abundances occur in landscapes where annual precipitation is ≥1,100 mm, and primary forest availability ≥1,800 km2. Although the existence of undetected macaw groups in Mexico is possible, these are likely to contain only small numbers of individuals, as most detected areas with macaws contain less than 40 individuals, and larger concentrations are more likely to be noticed due to their conspicuous behaviour. The species is threatened primarily by its low overall abundance, fragmented distribution, and forest loss around populations with the highest abundance. With the information generated, it is possible to design and implement specific management and conservation strategies at different geographic scales for the recovery and maintenance of the species in Mexico. It is necessary to strengthen collaborative programmes among conservation organizations, government agencies, and local communities in each region of the country to organize and finance community-based actions such as monitoring, habitat restoration, protection from poaching and the creation of a network of conservation corridors and macaw reserves focused on conservation.
Droughts and floods in Malawi: impacts on crop production and the performance of sustainable land management practices under weather extremes
Authors: McCarthy Nancy , Kilic Talip , Brubaker Josh , Murray Siobhan , de la Fuente Alejandro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractClimate change is predicted to increase the frequency of extreme weather events, increasing the vulnerability of smallholder farmers dependent on rain-fed agriculture. We evaluate the extent to which farmers in Malawi suffer crop production losses due to extreme weather, and whether sustainable land management (SLM) practices help shield crop production losses from extreme events. We use a three period panel dataset where widespread floods and droughts occurred in separate periods, offering a unique opportunity to evaluate impacts using data collected immediately following these events. Results show that crop production outcomes were severely hit by both floods and droughts, with average losses ranging between 32–48 per cent. Legume intercropping provided protection against both floods and droughts, while green belts provided protection against floods. However, we find limited evidence that SLM adoption decisions are driven by exposure to weather shocks; rather, farmers with more productive assets are more likely to adopt.
Split-field versus extended-field step-and-shoot IMRT techniques in nasopharyngeal cancer: a report of acute and late toxicities
Authors: Onchan Wimrak , Nobnop Wannapha , Traisathit Patrinee , Chakrabandhu Somvilai , Tharavichitkul Ekkasit , Klunklin Pitchayaponne , Jia-Mahasap Bongkot , Chitapanarux Imjai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAim:This study aimed to evaluate acute and late toxicities in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients who were treated between split-field (SF) and extended-field (EF) step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques.Materials and methods:Between January 2011 and October 2011, 21 NPC patients with stage I-IVB (7th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging) were randomly assigned to undergo radiotherapy with SF or EF step-and-shoot IMRT technique.Results:At a median follow-up time of 60 months (range 3–77), we reported the comparable acute and late toxicities between the two techniques. One patient (9%) in SF-IMRT arm developed grade 3 acute skin toxicity.Findings:Both SF and EF step-and-shoot IMRT techniques for NPC patients did not produce any statistically significant differences in both acute and late toxicities. Although no difference in toxicity was observed, technical problems due to field matching management were the obstacles in utilisation of SF-IMRT in our routine practice.
The Historiography of the Twentieth-Century Classical Performer: Life, Work, Artistry
Authors: BEHAN ADAM 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOne dominant issue in the writing of music histories is the question of how (or indeed whether) a musician's life and work can be interwoven convincingly. In recent years, music biographers have begun to reassess the historical legacies of many significant musicians with this issue in mind, but their critical reflections have for the most part focused on composers. This article seeks to transfer some of this rethinking – particularly on the life/work question – to the twentieth-century classical performer. Doing so reveals a historiography of the performer which sharply divides life and work in a way that is disciplinarily entrenched between biographical approaches on the one hand and empirical approaches to recordings on the other. After illustrating the nature and development of this division, I conclude by calling for greater scholarly convergence and suggest two directions forward, taking leads from artistic research and popular music studies in doing so.
Identification of Surface Deformation in InSAR Using Machine Learning
Authors: Brengman Clayton M. J. , Barnhart William D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe availability and frequency of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery are rapidly increasing. This surge of data presents new opportunities to constrain surface deformation that spans various spatial and temporal scales. This expansion also introduces common challenges associated with large volumes of data, including best practices for analyzing these data. In recent years, machine learning techniques have been at the forefront of big data challenges, as an efficient methodology for automatically classifying large volumes of data. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), in particular, have achieved strong levels of performance on image classification problems. Here we present SarNet, a CNN developed to detect, locate, and classify the presence of co‐seismic‐like surface deformation within an interferogram. We trained SarNet using 4 × 106 synthetic interferograms, including both wrapped and unwrapped forward modeled co‐seismic‐like surface deformation with synthetic noise representative of the atmospheric and topographic noise found in interferograms. The results show that SarNet obtains an overall accuracy of 99.74% on a validation data set. We use class activation maps (CAMs) to show that SarNet returns the location of surface deformation within the interferogram. We employ a transfer learning method to translate the accuracy of SarNet trained on synthetic data to real interferograms with manually classified co‐seismic surface displacement. We train SarNet on 32 interferograms containing labeled co‐seismic surface deformation as well as noise. The results show that, through transfer learning, SarNet obtains an overall accuracy of 85.22% on a real InSAR data set, and that SarNet returns the location of the surface deformation within the interferogram.
Altered dopaminergic firing pattern and novelty response underlie ADHD-like behavior of SorCS2-deficient mice
Authors: Olsen Ditte , Wellner Niels , Kaas Mathias , de Jong Inge E. M. , Sotty Florence , Didriksen Michael , Glerup Simon , Nykjaer Anders 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide. Affected individuals present with hyperactivity, inattention, and cognitive deficits and display a characteristic paradoxical response to drugs affecting the dopaminergic system. However, the underlying pathophysiology of ADHD and how this relates to dopaminergic transmission remains to be fully understood. Sorcs2−/− mice uniquely recapitulate symptoms reminiscent of ADHD in humans. Here, we show that lack of SorCS2 in mice results in lower sucrose intake, indicating general reward deficits. Using in-vivo recordings, we further find that dopaminergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is shifted towards a more regular firing pattern with marked reductions in the relative occurrence of irregular firing in Sorcs2−/− mice. This was paralleled by abnormal acute behavioral responses to dopamine receptor agonists, suggesting fundamental differences in dopaminergic circuits and indicating a perturbation in the balance between the activities of the postsynaptic dopamine receptor DRD1 and the presynaptic inhibitory autoreceptor DRD2. Interestingly, the hyperactivity and drug response of Sorcs2−/− mice were markedly affected by novelty. Taken together, our findings show how loss of a candidate ADHD-risk gene has marked effects on dopaminergic circuit function and the behavioral response to the environment.
Risk variants and polygenic architecture of disruptive behavior disorders in the context of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Demontis Ditte , Walters Raymond K. , Rajagopal Veera M. , Waldman Irwin D. , Grove Jakob , Als Thomas D. , Dalsgaard Søren , Ribasés Marta , Bybjerg-Grauholm Jonas , Bækvad-Hansen Maria , Werge Thomas , Nordentoft Merete , Mors Ole , Mortensen Preben Bo ,   ADHD Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), Andreassen Ole A. , Arranz Maria Jesús , Banaschewski Tobias , Bau Claiton , Bellgrove Mark , Biederman Joseph , Brikell Isabell , Buitelaar Jan K. , Burton Christie L. , Casas Miguel , Crosbie Jennifer , Doyle Alysa E. , Ebstein Richard P. , Elia Josephine , Elizabeth Corfield C. , Grevet Eugenio , Grizenko Natalie , Havdahl Alexandra , Hawi Ziarih , Hebebrand Johannes , Hervas Amaia , Hohmann Sarah , Haavik Jan , Joober Ridha , Kent Lindsey , Kuntsi Jonna , Langley Kate , Larsson Henrik , Lesch Klaus-Peter , Leung Patrick W. L. , Liao Calwing , Loo Sandra K. , Martin Joanna , Martin Nicholas G. , Medland Sarah E. , Miranda Ana , Mota Nina Roth , Oades Robert D. , Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni , Reif Andreas , Rietschel Marcella , Roeyers Herbert , Rohde Luis Augusto , Rothenberger Aribert , Rovira Paula , Sánchez-Mora Cristina , Schachar Russell James , Sengupta Sarojini , Artigas Maria Soler , Steinhausen Hans-Christoph , Thapar Anita , Witt Stephanie H. , Yang Li , Zayats Tetyana , Zhang-James Yanli , Cormand Bru , Hougaard David M. , Neale Benjamin M. , Franke Barbara , Faraone Stephen V. , Børglum Anders D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a childhood psychiatric disorder often comorbid with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs). Here, we report a GWAS meta-analysis of ADHD comorbid with DBDs (ADHD + DBDs) including 3802 cases and 31,305 controls. We identify three genome-wide significant loci on chromosomes 1, 7, and 11. A meta-analysis including a Chinese cohort supports that the locus on chromosome 11 is a strong risk locus for ADHD + DBDs across European and Chinese ancestries (rs7118422, P = 3.15×10−10, OR = 1.17). We find a higher SNP heritability for ADHD + DBDs (h2SNP = 0.34) when compared to ADHD without DBDs (h2SNP = 0.20), high genetic correlations between ADHD + DBDs and aggressive (rg = 0.81) and anti-social behaviors (rg = 0.82), and an increased burden (polygenic score) of variants associated with ADHD and aggression in ADHD + DBDs compared to ADHD without DBDs. Our results suggest an increased load of common risk variants in ADHD + DBDs compared to ADHD without DBDs, which in part can be explained by variants associated with aggressive behavior.
Time-restricted feeding normalizes hyperinsulinemia to inhibit breast cancer in obese postmenopausal mouse models
Authors: Das Manasi , Ellies Lesley G. , Kumar Deepak , Sauceda Consuelo , Oberg Alexis , Gross Emilie , Mandt Tyler , Newton Isabel G. , Kaur Mehak , Sears Dorothy D. , Webster Nicholas J. G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAccumulating evidence indicates that obesity with its associated metabolic dysregulation, including hyperinsulinemia and aberrant circadian rhythms, increases the risk for a variety of cancers including postmenopausal breast cancer. Caloric restriction can ameliorate the harmful metabolic effects of obesity and inhibit cancer progression but is difficult to implement and maintain outside of the clinic. In this study, we aim to test a time-restricted feeding (TRF) approach on mouse models of obesity-driven postmenopausal breast cancer. We show that TRF abrogates the obesity-enhanced mammary tumor growth in two orthotopic models in the absence of calorie restriction or weight loss. TRF also reduces breast cancer metastasis to the lung. Furthermore, TRF delays tumor initiation in a transgenic model of mammary tumorigenesis prior to the onset of obesity. Notably, TRF increases whole-body insulin sensitivity, reduces hyperinsulinemia, restores diurnal gene expression rhythms in the tumor, and attenuates tumor growth and insulin signaling. Importantly, inhibition of insulin secretion with diazoxide mimics TRF whereas artificial elevation of insulin through insulin pumps implantation reverses the effect of TRF, suggesting that TRF acts through modulating hyperinsulinemia. Our data suggest that TRF is likely to be effective in breast cancer prevention and therapy.
Greater fuel efficiency is potentially preferable to reducing NOx emissions for aviation’s climate impacts
Authors: Skowron Agnieszka , Lee David S. , De León Rubén Rodríguez , Lim Ling L. , Owen Bethan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAviation emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) alter the composition of the atmosphere, perturbing the greenhouse gases ozone and methane, resulting in positive and negative radiative forcing effects, respectively. In 1981, the International Civil Aviation Organization adopted a first certification standard for the regulation of aircraft engine NOx emissions with subsequent increases in stringency in 1992, 1998, 2004 and 2010 to offset the growth of the environmental impact of air transport, the main motivation being to improve local air quality with the assumed co-benefit of reducing NOx emissions at altitude and therefore their climate impacts. Increased stringency is an ongoing topic of discussion and more stringent standards are usually associated with their beneficial environmental impact. Here we show that this is not necessarily the right direction with respect to reducing the climate impacts of aviation (as opposed to local air quality impacts) because of the tradeoff effects between reducing NOx emissions and increased fuel usage, along with a revised understanding of the radiative forcing effects of methane. Moreover, the predicted lower surface air pollution levels in the future will be beneficial for reducing the climate impact of aviation NOx emissions. Thus, further efforts leading to greater fuel efficiency, and therefore lower CO2 emissions, may be preferable to reducing NOx emissions in terms of aviation’s climate impacts.
A conformation-selective monoclonal antibody against a small molecule-stabilised signalling-deficient form of TNF
Authors: Lightwood Daniel J. , Munro Rebecca J. , Porter John , McMillan David , Carrington Bruce , Turner Alison , Scott-Tucker Anthony , Hickford Elizabeth S. , Schmidt Antje , Fox David , Maloney Alison , Ceska Tom , Bourne Tim , O’Connell James , Lawson Alastair D. G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe have recently described the development of a series of small-molecule inhibitors of human tumour necrosis factor (TNF) that stabilise an open, asymmetric, signalling-deficient form of the soluble TNF trimer. Here, we describe the generation, characterisation, and utility of a monoclonal antibody that selectively binds with high affinity to the asymmetric TNF trimer–small molecule complex. The antibody helps to define the molecular dynamics of the apo TNF trimer, reveals the mode of action and specificity of the small molecule inhibitors, acts as a chaperone in solving the human TNF–TNFR1 complex crystal structure, and facilitates the measurement of small molecule target occupancy in complex biological samples. We believe this work defines a role for monoclonal antibodies as tools to facilitate the discovery and development of small-molecule inhibitors of protein–protein interactions.
High oxide-ion conductivity through the interstitial oxygen site in Ba7Nb4MoO20-based hexagonal perovskite related oxides
Authors: Yashima Masatomo , Tsujiguchi Takafumi , Sakuda Yuichi , Yasui Yuta , Zhou Yu , Fujii Kotaro , Torii Shuki , Kamiyama Takashi , Skinner Stephen J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOxide-ion conductors are important in various applications such as solid-oxide fuel cells. Although zirconia-based materials are widely utilized, there remains a strong motivation to discover electrolyte materials with higher conductivity that lowers the working temperature of fuel cells, reducing cost. Oxide-ion conductors with hexagonal perovskite related structures are rare. Herein, we report oxide-ion conductors based on a hexagonal perovskite-related oxide Ba7Nb4MoO20. Ba7Nb3.9Mo1.1O20.05 shows a wide stability range and predominantly oxide-ion conduction in an oxygen partial pressure range from 2 × 10−26 to 1 atm at 600 °C. Surprisingly, bulk conductivity of Ba7Nb3.9Mo1.1O20.05, 5.8 × 10−4 S cm−1, is remarkably high at 310 °C, and higher than Bi2O3- and zirconia-based materials. The high conductivity of Ba7Nb3.9Mo1.1O20.05 is attributable to the interstitial-O5 oxygen site, providing two-dimensional oxide-ion O1−O5 interstitialcy diffusion through lattice-O1 and interstitial-O5 sites in the oxygen-deficient layer, and low activation energy for oxide-ion conductivity. Present findings demonstrate the ability of hexagonal perovskite related oxides as superior oxide-ion conductors.
Bulk tungsten-substituted vanadium oxide for low-temperature NOx removal in the presence of water
Authors: Inomata Yusuke , Kubota Hiroe , Hata Shinichi , Kiyonaga Eiji , Morita Keiichiro , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Sakaguchi Norihito , Toyao Takashi , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Ishikawa Satoshi , Ueda Wataru , Haruta Masatake , Murayama Toru 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNH3-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) is important process for removal of NOx. However, water vapor included in exhaust gases critically inhibits the reaction in a low temperature range. Here, we report bulk W-substituted vanadium oxide catalysts for NH3-SCR at a low temperature (100–150 °C) and in the presence of water (~20 vol%). The 3.5 mol% W-substituted vanadium oxide shows >99% (dry) and ~93% (wet, 5–20 vol% water) NO conversion at 150 °C (250 ppm NO, 250 ppm NH3, 4% O2, SV = 40000 mL h−1 gcat−1). Lewis acid sites of W-substituted vanadium oxide are converted to Brønsted acid sites under a wet condition while the distribution of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites does not change without tungsten. NH4+ species adsorbed on Brønsted acid sites react with NO accompanied by the reduction of V5+ sites at 150 °C. The high redox ability and reactivity of Brønsted acid sites are observed for bulk W-substituted vanadium oxide at a low temperature in the presence of water, and thus the catalytic cycle is less affected by water vapor.
Unique structural solution from a VH3-30 antibody targeting the hemagglutinin stem of influenza A viruses
Authors: Harshbarger Wayne D. , Deming Derrick , Lockbaum Gordon J. , Attatippaholkun Nattapol , Kamkaew Maliwan , Hou Shurong , Somasundaran Mohan , Wang Jennifer P. , Finberg Robert W. , Zhu Quan Karen , Schiffer Celia A. , Marasco Wayne A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBroadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting conserved influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinin (HA) epitopes can provide valuable information for accelerating universal vaccine designs. Here, we report structural details for heterosubtypic recognition of HA from circulating and emerging IAVs by the human antibody 3I14. Somatic hypermutations play a critical role in shaping the HCDR3, which alone and uniquely among VH3-30 derived antibodies, forms contacts with five sub-pockets within the HA-stem hydrophobic groove. 3I14 light-chain interactions are also key for binding HA and contribute a large buried surface area spanning two HA protomers. Comparison of 3I14 to bnAbs from several defined classes provide insights to the bias selection of VH3-30 antibodies and reveals that 3I14 represents a novel structural solution within the VH3-30 repertoire. The structures reported here improve our understanding of cross-group heterosubtypic binding activity, providing the basis for advancing immunogen designs aimed at eliciting a broadly protective response to IAV.