bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The usefulness of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in detecting and managing cancers with unknown primary site depends on histological subtype
Authors: Nissan Ella , Amit Uri , Baron Leo , Zabatani Amit , Urban Damien , Barshack Iris , Davidson Tima 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe assessed the role of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in identifying and managing cancer of unknown primary site (CUP syndrome). We reviewed [18F]FDG-PET/CT scans of individuals with CUP syndrome recorded in clinical referral letters from 2012 to 2019. We evaluated the identification of primary tumor (PT) by [18F]FDG-PET/CT, according to histological subtype, and the impact on clinical management. The median age was 65 years, 36/64 males (56%). PTs were detected in 28/64 (44%) patients. Detection was significantly lower in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) than with other histologies combined, p = 0.034. Mean age, mean SUVmax (10.6 ± 6.0) and organ involvement were similar between patients with and without discovered PTs; and between patients with SCC and with other histologies combined. However, those with SCC were less likely than the others to present with multi-lesion involvement, p < 0.001. [18F]FDG-PET/CT interpretations apparently affected treatment of 8/28 (29%) patients with PT detected, and in none of the 35 whose PT was not discovered, p < 0.001. [18F]FDG-PET/CT appeared helpful in detecting PT in almost half the patients with CUP syndrome; the lowest rate was for patients with SCC pathology. PET/CT showed limited overall value in guiding clinical management, however benefited those with discovered PT.
Atrial fibrillation detection in primary care during blood pressure measurements and using a smartphone cardiac monitor
Authors: Sluyter John D. , Scragg Robert , ‘Ofanoa Malakai , Stewart Ralph A. H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImproved atrial fibrillation (AF) screening methods are required. We detected AF with pulse rate variability (PRV) parameters using a blood pressure device (BP+; Uscom, Sydney, Australia) and with a Kardia Mobile Cardiac Monitor (KMCM; AliveCor, Mountain View, CA). In 421 primary care patients (mean (range) age: 72 (31–99) years), we diagnosed AF (n = 133) from 12-lead electrocardiogram recordings, and performed PRV and KMCM measurements. PRV parameters detected AF with area under curve (AUC) values of up to 0.92. Using the mean of two sequential readings increased AUC to up to 0.94 and improved positive predictive value at a given sensitivity (by up to 18%). The KMCM detected AF with 83% sensitivity and 68% specificity. 89 KMCM recordings were “unclassified” or blank, and PRV detected AF in these with AUC values of up to 0.88. When non-AF arrhythmias (n = 56) were excluded, the KMCM device had increased specificity (73%) and PRV had higher discrimination performance (maximum AUC = 0.96). In decision curve analysis, all PRV parameters consistently achieved a positive net benefit across the range of clinical thresholds. In primary care, AF can be detected by PRV accurately and by KMCM, especially in the absence of non-AF arrhythmias or when combinations of measurements are used.
Annelid genomes: Enchytraeus crypticus, a soil model for the innate (and primed) immune system
Authors: Amorim Mónica J. B. , Gansemans Yannick , Gomes Susana I. L. , Van Nieuwerburgh Filip , Scott-Fordsmand Janeck J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEnchytraeids (Annelida) are soil invertebrates with worldwide distribution that have served as ecotoxicology models for over 20 years. We present the first high-quality reference genome ofEnchytraeus crypticus, assembled from a combination of Pacific Bioscience single-molecule real-time and Illumina sequencing platforms as a 525.2 Mbp genome (910 gapless scaffolds and 18,452 genes). We highlight isopenicillin, acquired by horizontal gene transfer and conferring antibiotic function. Significant gene family expansions associated with regeneration (long interspersed nuclear elements), the innate immune system (tripartite motif-containing protein) and response to stress (cytochrome P450) were identified. The ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme) — a homolog of ACE2, which is involved in the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 cell entry — is also present inE. crypticus. There is an obvious potential of usingE. crypticusas a model to study interactions between regeneration, the innate immune system and aging-dependent decline.
MiR-192-5p inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by regulation of SH3RF3
Authors: Fu Songbo , Ma Chengxu , Tang Xulei , Ma Xiaoni , Jing Gaojing , Zhao Nan , Ran Juntao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The decreased level of miR-192-5p has been reported in several kinds of cancers, including bladder, colon, ovarian, and non-small cell lung cancer. However, the expression and function of miR-192-5p in papillary thyroid carcinoma/cancer (PTC) remains unknown.
Objective: The present study aimed to explore the function and underlying mechanism of miR-192-5p in PTC development.
Methods: PTC tissues and relative normal controls from PTC patients were collected. qRT-PCR analysis was performed to measure miR-192-5p and SH3RF3 mRNA level in PTC tissues and cell lines. CCK-8 method and FCM assay were used to test cell proliferation and apoptosis in TPC-1 cells, respectively. The abilities of cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell assays, respectively. The protein expression was evaluated by Western blot. The interaction between miR-192-5p and Src homology 3 (SH3) domain containing ring finger 3 (SH3RF3) were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay.
Results: MiR-192-5p level was obviously decreased in PTC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-192-5p suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT process, while induced apoptosis in TPC-1 cells. In addition, miR-192-5p negatively modulated SH3RF3 expression by binding to its 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR). Silencing SH3RF3 inhibited the migration, invasion, and EMT of TPC-1 cells. In the meantime, matrine, an alkaloid extracted from herb, exerted its anti-cancer effects in PTC cells dependent on increase in miR-192-5p expression and decrease in SH3RF3 expression.
Conclusion: We firstly declared that miR-192-5p played a tumor suppressive role in PTC via targeting SH3RF3. Moreover, matrine exerted its anti-cancer effects in PTC via regulating miR-192-5p/SH3RF3 pathway.
Stressfrakturen und andere stressinduzierte Verletzungen
Authors: Hackenbroch Carsten , Weber Marc-André , Thierfelder Kolja M. 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungStressfrakturen sind in der klinischen Routine durchaus häufig. Sie werden mit der konventionellen Röntgentechnik als Standardmethode und für spezielle Fragestellungen mit der MRT und der CT diagnostiziert. In dieser Arbeit werden Stressfrakturen und andere stressinduzierte Verletzungen mit ihren typischen Befunden in der Bildgebung vorgestellt.
Der Psychotherapeut und Nervenarzt Ernst Jolowicz (1882–1958): Eine internationale Karriere im Schatten von Antisemitismus und Emigration
Authors: Bornemann Georg , Steinberg Holger 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Arbeit betrachtet das Leben und Wirken des deutsch-jüdischen
Nervenarztes Ernst Jolowicz, der 1882 geboren wurde. Aus Posen stammend,
sammelte der Mediziner im Deutschen Kaiserreich erste Berufserfahrung, ehe er im
Ersten Weltkrieg als Neurologe in einem Lazarett an der Westfront diente. Nach
dem Krieg eröffnete er in Leipzig eine private psychotherapeutische
Praxis, publizierte zahlreiche wissenschaftliche Arbeiten und engagierte sich in
der 'Allgemeinen Ärztlichen Gesellschaft für
Psychotherapie'. In seinen Schriften präsentiert sich Jolowicz
als undogmatischer Anhänger suggestiver Techniken, entwickelt jedoch
überdies Methoden für eine patientenzentrierte, psychagogische
Psychotherapie. Zudem verfasst er etliche kultur-und
gesellschaftswissenschaftliche Aufsätze und zeigt sich als vielseitig
interessierter Publizist. Kurz nach der Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten
emigriert er nach Paris und setzt sich in einem Straßburger Radiosender
für den antifaschistischen Widerstand ein. Nachdem Frankreich besetzt
wird, flieht er 1941 in die Vereinigten Staaten und fasst dort erneut beruflich
Fuß, ehe er 1958 nach einer Herzerkrankung in New York City stirbt.
Case-mix adjustment to compare colonoscopy performance between endoscopy centers: a nationwide registry study
Authors: Nass Karlijn J. , van der Vlugt Manon , Elfrink Arthur K. E. , van den Brand Crispijn L. , Wilschut Janneke A. , Fockens Paul , Dekker Evelien , Wouters Michel W. J. M. ,   in collaboration with the Dutch Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Audit group
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Nonmodifiable patient and endoscopy characteristics might influence colonoscopy performance. Differences in these so-called case-mix factors are likely to exist between endoscopy centers. This study aimed to examine the importance of case-mix adjustment when comparing performance between endoscopy centers.
Methods Prospectively collected data recorded in the Dutch national colonoscopy registry between 2016 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Cecal intubation rate (CIR) and adequate bowel preparation rate (ABPR) were analyzed. Additionally, polyp detection rate (PDR) was studied in screening colonoscopies following a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT). Variation in case-mix factors between endoscopy centers and expected outcomes for each performance measure were calculated per endoscopy center based on case-mix factors (sex, age, American Society of Anesthesiologist [ASA] score, indication) using multivariable logistic regression.
Results 363 840 colonoscopies were included from 51 endoscopy centers. Mean percentages per endoscopy center were significantly different for age > 65 years, male patients, ASA ≥ III, and diagnostic colonoscopies (all P < 0.001). In the FIT-positive screening population, significant differences were observed between endoscopy centers for age > 65 years, male patients, and ASA ≥ III (all P ≤ 0.001). The expected CIR, ABPR, and PDR ranged from 95.0 % to 96.9 %, from 93.6 % to 96.4 %, and from 76.2 % to 79.1 %, respectively. Age, sex, ASA classification, and indication were significant case-mix factors for CIR and ABPR. In the FIT-positive screening population, age, sex, and ASA classification were significant case-mix factors for PDR.
Conclusion Our findings emphasize the importance of considering case-mix adjustment when comparing colonoscopy performance measures between endoscopy centers.
Study of Treatment Outcome in Adults with TFE-Related RCC
Authors: Singh Ajaykumar Chandrabhan , Pal Mahendra , Kapoor Akhil , Menon Nandini , Prabhash Kumar , Noronha Vanita , Bakshi Ganesh , Prakash Gagan , Menon Santosh , Sable Nilesh , Kalra Devanshi , Kulkarni Sheetal , Joshi Amit 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroduction TFE Translocation renal cell carcinoma (TRCC) represents 1 to 5% of all cases of renal cell carcinoma, with the highest frequency among children and young adults. Management of these tumors is not very well defined in literature. Although in pediatric age group it has favorable prognosis, in adults it has an aggressive nature, with poor outcome. This is a retrospective analysis of treatment outcome in adult patient 18 years or above treated at our hospital between January 2013 and November 2018.Material and Methods Clinical and pathological data of 26 patients from a single institution diagnosed with TRCC between January 2013 and November 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. All cases of TRCC were confirmed with immunohistochemistry or fluorescence in situ hybridization. We analyzed our data of patients treated with surgery only or who progressed after surgery and treated with systemic therapy or who presented with upfront unresectable or metastatic disease treated with systemic therapy with respect to event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).Results Between January 2013 and November 2018, 26 adult patients who were treated at our center were eligible for this analysis as per our criteria. Out of 26 patients, 25 patients had radical surgery after evaluation and 1 had metastatic disease who was started on systemic therapy. Out 25 patients who were treated with radical surgery, 16 patients progressed and they were started on systemic therapy except for 1 patient who defaulted. Median time to start systemic therapy among patient treated with curative nephrectomy was 13 months. Median EFS and median OS among overall population were 22 and 30 months, respectively. Among 16 patients who were treated with systemic therapy, median EFS to first-line therapy was 8 months and to second-line therapy was 2.5 months. Median OS was 17 months in patients treated with systemic therapy.Conclusion TRCC is rare in adult population but carries significant risk of disease progression even after initial curative treatment with potential response to targeted therapy for short duration.
Correlation of Nuclear Morphometry with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Malignant Breast Aspirates
Authors: Kalhan Shivani , Garg Shilpa , Satarkar Rahul , Sharma Puja , Hasija Sonia , Sharma Sonia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives The primary objective of this study was to correlate nuclear morphometric parameters with clinicopathologic features such as cytologic grade, tumor size, lymph node status, mitotic index, and histopathologic grade. Secondary objective was to quantify nuclear changes on malignant breast aspirates using morphometry.
Material and Methods Forty-five cases of carcinoma breast diagnosed on cytology were included in this study. These were graded into cytologic grades 1, 2, and 3 as per Robinson’s cytologic grading system.Nuclear morphometry was done in all cases on smears stained with Papanicolaou stain.Clinicopathologic parameters including cytological grade, tumor size, lymph node status, mitotic count, and histological grade were correlated with nuclear morphometric parameters, namely, area, perimeter, shape, long axis, short axis, intensity, long-run emphasis, total run length, and T1 homogeneity.
Results There were 9 cases in cytologic grade 1, 26 in grade 2, and 10 cases in cytologic grade 3. Histopathology showed 42 cases of infiltrating duct carcinoma, not otherwise specified (IDC, NOS) and 3 cases (6.7%) of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). IDC (NOS) included 6, 27, and 9 cases in grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Majority of our cases had a tumor size less than 5 cm (n = 38, 84.4%) and had positive nodes (n = 30, 66.7%). Correlation of cytologic and histopathologic grades (including DCIS) with all morphometric features except long-run emphasis was statistically significant. Correlation of morphometry with tumor size yielded significant results for nuclear area, perimeter, long and short axes, and intensity with p < 0.05. Study of lymph node status (positive/negative) versus morphometry showed a highly significant statistical association with all the geometric as well as textural parameters. Mitotic count was significantly associated with all the geometric parameters and one textural parameter (total run length).
Statistics Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and compared using the two-tailed, independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance test. Tests were performed at significance level of 0.05.
Conclusion Morphometry is an objective technique which holds immense promise in prognostication in breast carcinoma.
Functional and Oncological Outcomes of Multidisciplinary Management of Ewing’s Sarcoma of Clavicle: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Gulia Ashish , Puri Ajay , Gupta Srinath , Vora Tushar , Laskar Siddhartha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives Ewing’s sarcoma is best treated using a multidisciplinary approach. We discuss the functional and oncological outcomes of clavicular Ewing’s sarcoma which has been sparsely reported in literature.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent resections for Ewing’s sarcoma of clavicle from January 2002 to December 2017. The study end points were locoregional recurrence free survival (LRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) at 3 and 5 years, and functional outcomes measured by Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores.
Statistical Analysis The LRFS, DFS, and OS were calculated and analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test.
Results Data of 21 patients (male: 12, female: 9) was analyzed with a mean age [range] of 15.3 [6–40] years. Total clavicle excision was done in 62% (13 of 21) while 38% (n = 8) had partial resections. Radiotherapy was administered in 15 patients (71.5%). At a median follow-up of 42 months (range: 7–198), data of 20 patients was available for follow-up. Ten patients died (due to disease: nine, other reasons: One), eight are disease free and alive, one had metastasectomy on recurrence and is disease free and, one patient is alive with disease and on palliative chemotherapy. The LRFS, DFS, and OS were 95, 59, 65% and 95, 47, 59% at 3 and 5 years, respectively. The functional evaluation done for nine patients who are free of disease showed a mean MSTS score of 29 (range: 27–30; total clavicle excision: 28.5, partial clavicle excision: 29.5).
Conclusion Patients with Ewing’s sarcoma of the clavicle who underwent resection without reconstruction have acceptable local control rates and excellent functional outcomes.
Do Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain have Psychological Comorbidities?
Authors: Singhal Kritika , Muliyala Krishna Prasad , Pakhare Abhijit P. , Behera Prateek , Santoshi John Ashutosh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Individuals with chronic pain have been reported to have an increased incidence of psychological morbidities. We aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, disability, alexithymia, insomnia, and sleep quality in patients having chronic low back pain (LBP) and study their association with the severity of pain and any disability arising from it.
Methods This descriptive study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital setting. Fifty adults with nonspecific LBP of > 6-week duration were included. Study instruments employed were patient health questionnaire-9 for depression, generalized anxiety disorder-7 for anxiety, visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI) to assess disability, Toronto alexithymia scale-20 for alexithymia, and insomnia severity index and Pittsburgh sleep quality index for insomnia. Descriptive results were expressed as numbers, means, and proportions. Association study between variables was performed using Fisher’s exact test.
Results Mean ODI score was 31.54% (95% CI, 26.09–36.99); mean VAS score was 6.08 (95% CI, 5.35–6.81). Insomnia of varying severity was found in 29 patients. Sleep quality was reported as good by 23 patients. One patient had alexithymia. There was significant association between the level of disability and depression, anxiety, insomnia, and sleep quality. The severity of pain had significant association with insomnia but the association with anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and sleep quality was not significant.
Conclusions Patients with chronic LBP do have associated psychological comorbidities of varying extent. A “patient-centric” approach when treating patients with chronic LBP is necessary, so that appropriate evaluation of psychiatric and psychosocial comorbidities, sleep problems, and quality of life is done as part of their routine management to ensure the desired outcomes.
Effects of Femorotibial and Tibiotarsal Joint Ranges of Motion on the Gastrocnemius Muscle-Tendon Working Length in the Canine Cadaveric Limb
Authors: Sugiyama Takanori , Woodward Andrew , Ryan Stewart D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective This study aimed to describe changes in the length of the gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit between the medial fabella and the calcaneus (MF-C) at different femorotibial joint (FTJ) and tibiotarsal joint (TTJ) angle combinations in the canine limb.Study Design This is an ex vivo kinematic study.Animals Canine cadaveric pelvic limbs (n = 11).Procedures One cadaveric pelvic limb was dissected to identify the anatomical origin and insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit for the radiographic landmark determination. The radiographic landmarks of the FTJ and TTJ were identified by lateral view radiographs. A series of lateral radiographs were evaluated to measure the linear MF-C at all combinations of the FTJ and TTJ angles. A mathematical model was defined for MF-C.Results The MF-C is associated with the FTJ and TTJ by a linear trigonometric relationship. Higher rate of increase in the MF-C was observed when the FTJ was > 135 degrees and the TTJ was < 125 degrees, compared with when the FTJ was <135 degrees and the TTJ was >125 degrees in all groups.Conclusions Thirty degrees of free range of motion of the TTJ between 140 and 170 degrees did not elongate MF-C in this cadaveric limb study.Clinical Relevance Some degrees of free range of motion may be possible in the TTJ during tendon healing based on our cadaveric study without causing excessive change in the MF-C, although this concept should not be applied until isometric contractions of muscles are clearly understood. The relationship between the MF-C and tension at tenorrhaphy should be evaluated.
Displaced Radial Neck Fractures in the Paediatric Age Group Fixed with the Modified Metaizeau Technique: Experience of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India
Authors: Kansay Rajeev Kumar , Kothari Siddharth , Soni Ashwani , Jindal Rohit , Garg Sudhir Kumar , Shail Sumukh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Radial neck fractures in the pediatric population represent up to one percent of all pediatric fractures. Judet type III and IV radial neck fractures present difficulties in closed and open reduction. The Metaizeau technique has been used as a tool to reduce these. We present a case series of 17 patients with Judet III and IV type of radial neck fractures treated with a modified Metaizeau technique.
Materials and Methods Seventeen patients, eight male and nine female with Judet type III and IV radial neck fractures over a two-year period were managed with modified Metaizeau technique as described in the text. The follow up period in our Prospective Interventional study was of six months The outcomes were scored using the Mayo elbow Performance score.
Results Fourteen patients had excellent scores, and three had good scores. Union rate was 100%. Fourteen patients were managed with closed reduction using the modified Metaizeau technique. Three patients required additional Open reduction, out of which one had reduced ROM as an outcome at the end of six months.
Conclusion The modified Metaizeau technique is an extra articular, easy to learn procedure with good to excellent results in Judet type III and IV radial neck fractures.