bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin Autofluorescence, a Noninvasive Biomarker for Advanced Glycation End-products, Is Associated With Sarcopenia
Authors: Waqas Komal , Chen Jinluan , Trajanoska Katerina , Ikram M Arfan , Uitterlinden André G , Rivadeneira Fernando , Zillikens M Carola 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in skeletal muscle has been implicated in development of sarcopenia.

Aim
To obtain further insight in the pathophysiology of sarcopenia, we studied its relationship with skin AGEs in the general population.

Methods
In a cross-sectional analysis, 2744 participants of northern European background, mean age 74.1 years, were included from the Rotterdam Study. Skin AGEs were measured as skin autofluorescence (SAF) using AGE ReaderTM, appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) using insight dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hand grip strength (HGS) using a hydraulic hand dynamometer, and, in a subgroup, gait speed (GS) measured on an electronic walkway (n = 2080). We defined probable sarcopenia (low HGS) and confirmed sarcopenia (low HGS and low ASMI) based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) revised criteria cutoffs. Multivariate linear and logistic regression were performed adjusting for age, sex, body fat percentage, height, renal function, diabetes, and smoking status.

Results
The prevalence of low ASMI was 7.7%; probable sarcopenia, 24%, slow GS, 3%; and confirmed sarcopenia, 3.5%. SAF was inversely associated with ASMI [β −0.062 (95% CI −0.092, −0.032)], HGS [β −0.051 (95% CI −0.075, −0.026)], and GS [β −0.074 (95% CI −0.116, −0.033)]. A 1-unit increase in SAF was associated with higher odds of probable sarcopenia [odds ratio (OR) 1.36 (95% CI 1.09, 1.68)] and confirmed sarcopenia [OR 2.01 (95% CI 1.33, 3.06)].

Conclusion
Higher skin AGEs are associated with higher sarcopenia prevalence. We call for future longitudinal studies to explore the role of SAF as a potential biomarker of sarcopenia.
Reproductive Health in First-degree Relatives of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shan Dan , Han Jinbiao , Cai Yitong , Zou Li , Xu Liangzhi , Shen Yongchun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly heritable disease. Emerging evidence elucidated the elevated prevalence of reproductive abnormalities in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with PCOS.

Objective
To explore the reproductive health in FDRs of patients with PCOS.

Methods
Ten databases were searched in December 2020 (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, Chinese Biological Medical Literature, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Journals Full-text Database, WanFang, and World Health Organization international clinical trials registry platform). This study included cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement was followed. Dichotomous data from each of the eligible studies were combined by the Mantel-Haenszel model. Standard mean differences with 95% CIs were assessed. Heterogeneities were assessed using I2 statistics, and the quality of evidence was evaluated by a US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center program and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.

Results
Thirty-eight studies were included. The prevalence of PCOS (0.22; 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.29), menstrual irregularities (0.28; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.34, P &lt; .01), and ovary morphological changes were elevated in female PCOS FDRs. Female FDRs also presented with increased levels of luteinizing hormone, total testosterone (standard mean difference, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.78, P &lt; .01), unconjugated testosterone, free androgen index, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and antimüllerian hormone levels. Subgroup analyses indicated that some of these changes begun in pubertal girls. Furthermore, fathers of PCOS patients had a higher risk of premature baldness. The DHEAS level was elevated in male FDRs.

Conclusion
The findings of this analysis suggested that FDRs of patients with PCOS suffered from reproductive endocrinological dysregulations. Thus, more attention should be focused on this population.
Differential Effects of Viral Nucleic Acid Sensor Signaling Pathways on Testicular Sertoli and Leydig Cells
Authors: Wang Qing , Wang Fei , Chen Ran , Liu Weihua , Gao Na , An Jing , Chen Yongmei , Wu Han , Han Daishu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The human testis can be infected by a large number of RNA and DNA viruses. While various RNA virus infections may induce orchitis and impair testicular functions, DNA virus infection rarely affects the testis. Mechanisms underlying the differential effects of RNA and DNA viral infections on the testis remain unclear. In the current study, we therefore examined the effects of viral RNA and DNA sensor signaling pathways on mouse Sertoli cells (SC) and Leydig cells (LC). The local injection of viral RNA analogue polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] into the testis markedly disrupted spermatogenesis, whereas the injection of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA analogue HSV60 did not affect spermatogenesis. Poly(I:C) dramatically induced the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 in SC and LC through Toll-like receptor 3 and interferon β promoter stimulator 1 signaling pathways, impairing the integrity of the blood-testis barrier and testosterone synthesis. Poly(I:C)-induced TNF-α production thus plays a critical role in the impairment of cell functions. In contrast, HSV60 predominantly induced the expression of type 1 interferons and antiviral proteins via the DNA sensor signaling pathway, which did not affect testicular cell functions. Accordingly, the Zika virus induced high levels of TNF-α in SC and LC and impaired their respective cellular functions, whereas Herpes simplex virus type 2 principally induced antiviral responses and did not impair such functions. These results provide insights into the mechanisms by which RNA viral infections impair testicular functions.
Acute Effect of Height-Adjustable Workstations on Blood Glucose Levels in Women with Impaired Fasting Glucose Levels While Working: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bonikowske Amanda R. , Carpenter Katie C. , Stovitz Steven D. , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Pereira Mark A. , Lewis Beth A. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study aimed to examine the effect on continuously monitored blood glucose (BG) among participants with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) who used a height-adjustable desk while working.

Methods
The study was a repeated-measures pilot study in overweight or obese women who had IFG (BG >100 mg·dL−1) and a sedentary job. BG was monitored with continuous glucose monitoring devices during two 1-wk periods at work: 1 wk in the seated position and 1 wk using alternate bouts of sitting and standing (by adjusting their desks) throughout the workday.

Results
Ten women completed the study. Sedentary time significantly predicted BG independently of diet and overall physical activity (P = 0.02). Dietary carbohydrates, protein, and fat were significant predictors of BG (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Sedentary time is a strong predictor of increased BG in women with IFG and a sedentary job.
Analysis of the Determinants of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia: A Case Study of the 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey
Authors: Kamilah Fariza Zahra , Habibie Farhan , Rahma Gina Ridhia , Sofyan Mohammad Naufal Faisal , Isnaini Nurma Sari , Nadhilah Nurul Dita , Sihaloho Estro Dariatno 
Published: August 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of excessive blood sugar levels. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health shows that several DM survivors have had DM for over 15 years reached 19.98 million or 10.9% of the Indonesian population in 2019 with population data according to the Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia. This research aimed to determine factors affecting DM in Indonesia. Method: This was a study with a cross-sectional design. The data used in this study came from the fifth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). A total of 34,257 individuals aged 14 or over as samples. The dependent variable was diabetes mellitus, while independent variables were obesity, hypertension, quality of sleep, and socio-economic factors. The data measurement was performed by logistic regression. Results: The research found that obesity, hypertension, and poor sleep quality will increase the risk of DM and also the risk will increase due to socio-economic factors like age, education, household income, urban, and marital status. Conclusion: This study found that the driving force for DM in Indonesia is obesity, hypertension, and sleep quality.
Perceptions of nurses caring for children with life-limiting conditions in an acute setting in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Devitt Aisling , O'Hara Mary 
Published: August 2021

Background: Despite international developments in paediatric palliative care (PPC), nurses continue to report feeling unprepared, anxious and overwhelmed when caring for patients with palliative care needs. There is an identified need throughout the literature for improved education in the area of PPC, as well as the need to improve the support available to families and health professionals in order to provide this specialised care effectively. Aim: To examine the insights of nurses within the acute setting who are caring for children with life-limiting conditions, who have complex and/or palliative care needs in Ireland. Method: This was a qualitative study which used purposive, convenience sampling to gain participants (N=14) and semi-structured interviews to gather data. Thematic analysis was used to discuss the material under five core themes. Findings: Results are discussed under the five core themes of: ‘nurses’ emotive journey when caring for children with life-limiting conditions’, ‘the barriers faced in caring for children with life-limiting conditions in the acute setting’, ‘the facilitators to caring for children with life-limiting conditions in the acute setting’, ‘education and training’ and ‘how nurses cope when a child dies’. Conclusion: Each participant of this study described a particular affection towards caring for children with complex healthcare needs within the acute setting. However, many of the obstacles faced by nurses in the acute setting when providing this care were reported upon, these included inefficient training, education and support, an inadequate nursing environment to provide the desired level of care and the emotional toll of providing such an intense level of care.
Challenges of paediatric palliative care in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hasanpour Marzieh , Tahmasebi Mamak , Mohammadpour Masoud , Pouraboli Batool , Sabeti Fahimeh 
Published: August 2021

Background:The integration of paediatric palliative care into the Iranian health system is essential.Aims:The aim of this study was to identify the challenges of palliative care in the paediatric intensive care unit during COVID-19 through the experiences of healthcare providers.Methods:A qualitative study with content analysis approach was conducted. Fifteen physicians and nurses were selected by purposeful sampling. The semi-structured, in-depth interviews were applied in the data collection.Findings:Ten main categories were extracted from data analysis, including ‘caring in COVID-19’, ‘communication and family centre care’, ‘breaking bad news’, palliative care training’, ‘pain and symptom management’, ‘support of the child, family and clinical team’, ‘physical environment’, ‘guidelines’, ‘specialised staff’ and ‘home based palliative care’.Conclusion:Palliative care in the PICU faces several challenges, especially during COVID-19, but the clinical team are making every attempt to improve the comprehensive care of children and their families. Telehealth is important in COVID-19, and education is also a key component to improve palliative care in the PICU in Iran.
Examining the religiosity of nursing caregivers and their attitudes toward voluntary and involuntary euthanasia
Authors: Green Gizell 
Published: August 2021

Background:Nurses play an important role in taking care of people who have a terminal illness.Aims:To examine nursing caregivers' religiosity as the mediator between voluntary and involuntary euthanasia, and to compare nursing caregiver religiosity groups and the voluntary and involuntary euthanasia attitudes of nurses and nursing students.Methods:A cross sectional design was applied and 298 nursing caregivers voluntarily participated and completed the questionnaire.Findings:Religiosity partially contributes as mediator between voluntary and involuntary euthanasia. All nursing caregiver religiosity groups show more support for voluntary euthanasia. Moreover, nursing students and nurses differ with respect to support for euthanasia in extreme situations, such as patients that are clinically brain-dead.Conclusion:Findings may be attributed to the clash of religious values, due to the common injunction against taking a life especially as regards involuntary euthanasia.
Sepsis in the older person
Authors: Conner Tony , Thompson Juliana , Tiplady Sue 
Published: August 2021

Background: Sepsis is a common condition, with an estimated 30 million cases worldwide each year, resulting in 6 million sepsis-related deaths. Some 60% of all sepsis events and 80% of sepsis-associated deaths occur in the older population. This is because the ageing process, and the presence of multiple comorbidities, make many older people vulnerable to developing, and dying from, sepsis. However, serious illness and death from sepsis can be avoided if the signs and symptoms are identified quickly, and interventions started early. Methods: This article explains current research and guidelines with regard to the causes, recognition, treatment and prevention of sepsis in the older population, and considers the role of care home staff in supporting effective care of residents as risk of developing sepsis. Conclusions: Care home staff are well-positioned to recognise sepsis and contribute to treatment, as their in-depth knowledge of residents makes it easier for them to identify changes in residents' behaviours and health status, which may indicate sepsis. By taking steps to ensure the risk of developing infections is reduced, care home staff can make a valuable contribution to the prevention of sepsis.
Survival and growth of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus cultured under controlled photoperiod
Authors: Sihombing Cyntia Uli Artha , Fauzi Muhammad , Windarti Windarti 
Published: August 2021

Changing in photoperiod duration may affects the physiology of nocturnal fish such as Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. A study aims to understand the effects of controlled photoperiod towards survival and growth of P. hypophthalmus has been conducted from June to August 2020. There were 3 treatments applied, namely natural photoperiod, 18 hours dark (18D), and 24 hours dark (24D) with 3 replications in each treatment. The rearing tanks used in this study were 100 L circular plastic tanks. In 24D treatment, the tanks were placed under dark colored tarp tent continuously. For the 18D treatment, the tanks were placed under dark tarp tent, but the tent was opened for 6 hours/ day (the tanks were in dark condition for 18 hours/ day), while the control tanks were positioned under natural photoperiod. P. hypophthalmus fingerlings, 6-8 cm TL and 4-5 g BW were used in this study. Thirty fishes were reared in each rearing tank, they were feed with commercial pellets, 2 times/day, at satiation. Fish survival was monitored every day, while samplings for fish growth were conducted weekly for a 8 weeks period. Results indicate that the survival of fish was 100% in each treatment applied. Fish growth, however, shown differences. The growth of fish reared in 24D and 18D was better than that of the control. By the 9th week, the fish in 24D was around 70.71g BW with 19.27 cm TL (daily growth rate 9.35%), while those of the 18D was 69.41 g BW, 18.77 cm TL and 9.29% daily growth rate. The fish reared under natural photoperiod was around 61.95 g BW with 18.19 cm TL and 7.33% of daily growth rate. Data obtained indicate that the application of longer dark is positively improve the growth of P. hypophthalmus.Keywords:Nocturnal FishLight Dark Catfish
Post feeding protection from Bilimbi to Motile Aeromonas Septicemia disease in African Catfish
Authors: Dwinanti Sefti Heza , Setiawan Gusti , Sasanti Ade Dewi , Rarassari Madyasta Anggana 
Published: August 2021

Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) is plant medicinal used to control fish diseases both prevention and treatment. This study aims to determine the protection period of bilimbi-fed which different duration in catfish to enhance catfish (Clarias sp.) immunity in order to protect fish from Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The Randomized Block Design Factorial (RBDF) with 2 factors was used in this experimental. The first factor (A) was the period of feeding containing bilimbi juice consisting of 3 treatments, namely 0 days (P0), 7 days (P1), and 14 days (P2). The second factor (B) was the protection period after the administration of bilimbi juice to the infection of A. hydrophila bacteria consisting of 3 treatment, 5 days (T5), 10 days (T10), and (T15). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquaculture Experiment Pond, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University in October-December 2018. The parameters observed included prevalence of infection, growth, survival, feed efficiency and water quality. The result revealed that by giving 300 mL.kg-1 of bilimbi juice with different periods significantly affected the period of fish protection for A. hydrophila infection. The best prevalence value was 3,33% (P2T5), and the best survival of the fish before infection was 94,17% (P2), while the best fish survival post infection was 100% (P2T5), the best feed efficiency value was 56,47% (P2), water quality under experiment were 26-29,70C for temperature, pH 6.8-7.7, dissolved oxygen 4.35-5.37 mg/L and ammonia 0.09-0.21 mg/L.Keywords:Averrhoa bilimbiAeromonas hydrophilaEthnomedicinal plantFish immunityMotile Aeromonas Septicemia
Analysis of the utilization of landsat 8 oli imagery for mapping the distribution of coral reefs in Pulau Weh Sabang
Authors: Rahmadi M Taufik , Sugiharto Sugiharto , Pinem Mbina , Suciani Ayu 
Published: August 2021

As one of the largest archipelagic countries globally, Indonesia has diverse natural resources, one of which is the coral reef ecosystem. Coral reef ecosystems are spread across almost all Indonesian waters, and Pulau Weh Sabang is one distribution area. This study aims to determine the distribution of coral reef ecosystems and test landsat 8 oli imagery accuracy in mapping coral reef ecosystems. The method used in this research is the nearest neighbour algorithm object-based classification method. The results showed that the coral reef ecosystem in Pulau Weh Sabang was divided into two classes: a healthy coral reef ecosystem class with 277.38 hectares and a medium condition coral reef ecosystem class with an area of 710.01 Ha.Keywords:Landsat 8 oliMappingDistributionCoral reefWeh Island
Room temperature growth of ZnO with highly active exposed facets for photocatalytic application
Authors: Hu Jiahao , Ding Jie , Ai Jianping , Li Honglin , Li Shaozhi , Ma Qingbo , Luo Lihui , Xu Xiaoling 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this article, the flower-like, urchin-like, and rod-like ZnOs were synthesized by a convenient atmospheric hydrothermal method. The crystalline structures, morphologies, exposed crystal faces, and specific surface areas of the as-prepared ZnO samples were analyzed. Rhodamine B (RhB) was used as the simulated pollutant to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of the ZnO nanostructures. The flower-like ZnO prepared by controlled hydrothermal method at room temperature for 2 h displayed highest specific surface area and exposed more high active

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facets, the flower-like ZnO can efficiently catalyze the production of active oxygen, leading to the improvement in the photocatalytic efficiency.
Worlding Excavation Practices
Authors: Pijpers Kevin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper seeks to do justice to the often complex, messy, and sometimes ambiguous meaning making practices of archaeological field work. Taking recent adoptions of assemblage theory and sensory studies in archaeology as an angle of arrival, I contribute here to discussions on self-reflective and interpretive archaeology. Drawing on empirical encounters with troweling and backfilling at the Ardnamurchan Transitions Project in western Scotland, I describe the production of archaeological knowledge in terms of storying: the coming into existence of an earthly archaeological world through sensory correspondences. I show how storying generates meaning and knowledge through correspondences of more proximate with more distant excavation practices and interplays between them. Furthermore, I propose that through storying, archaeological meaning making as well as knowledge production can be understood as worlding: the generation of sustained remembrances of earthly events with lively corresponding materials.
Evaluating the use of human aware navigation in industrial robot arms
Authors: Story Matthew , Jaksic Cyril , Fletcher Sarah R. , Webb Philip , Tang Gilbert , Carberry Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Although the principles followed by modern standards for interaction between humans and robots follow the First Law of Robotics popularized in science fiction in the 1960s, the current standards regulating the interaction between humans and robots emphasize the importance of physical safety. However, they are less developed in another key dimension: psychological safety. As sales of industrial robots have been increasing over recent years, so has the frequency of human–robot interaction (HRI). The present article looks at the current safety guidelines for HRI in an industrial setting and assesses their suitability. This article then presents a means to improve current standards utilizing lessons learned from studies into human aware navigation (HAN), which has seen increasing use in mobile robotics. This article highlights limitations in current research, where the relationships established in mobile robotics have not been carried over to industrial robot arms. To understand this, it is necessary to focus less on how a robot arm avoids humans and more on how humans react when a robot is within the same space. Currently, the safety guidelines are behind the technological advance, however, with further studies aimed at understanding HRI and applying it to newly developed path finding and obstacle avoidance methods, science fiction can become science fact.