bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior cingulate gyrus acts as a moderator of the relationship between problematic mobile phone use and depressive symptoms in college students
Authors: Zou Liwei , Wu Xiaoyan , Tao Shuman , Yang Yajuan , Zhang Qingjun , Hong Xuedong , Xie Yang , Li Tingting , Zheng Suisheng , Tao Fangbiao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the brain grey matter volume (GMV) related to problematic mobile phone use (PMPU), and whether these regions of GMV play a potential moderating role in the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms. We recruited 266 students who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning. PMPU and depressive symptoms were assessed by a self-rating questionnaire for adolescent PMPU and patient health questionnaire-9, respectively. A multiple regression model was performed to detect GMV and white matter (WM) integrity associated with PMPU by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) methods, and the moderating analysis was conducted by PROCESS using SPSS software. VBM analysis found an inverse correlation between the GMV of the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) and right fusiform gyrus (FFG) with PMPU (PFDR &lt; 0.05), and TBSS analysis revealed that fractional anisotropy (FA) in the body of the corpus callosum was negatively correlated with PMPU. The correlation between PMPU and depressive symptoms was moderated by the GMV of the ACC. These results suggest that the GMV of the ACC and right FFG, as well as FA in the body of the corpus callosum, was related to PMPU, and we further found that increased GMV of the ACC could reduce the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms in college students.
Stability of nocturnal wake and sleep stages defines central nervous system disorders of hypersomnolence
Authors: Maski Kiran P , Colclasure Alicia , Little Elaina , Steinhart Erin , Scammell Thomas E , Navidi William , Diniz Behn Cecilia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
We determine if young people with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) have distinct nocturnal sleep stability phenotypes compared to subjectively sleepy controls.

Methods
Participants were 5- to 21-year old and drug-naïve or drug free: NT1 (n = 46), NT2 (n = 12), IH (n = 18), and subjectively sleepy controls (n = 48). We compared the following sleep stability measures from polysomnogram recording between each hypersomnolence disorder to subjectively sleepy controls: number of wake and sleep stage bouts, Kaplan–Meier survival curves for wake and sleep stages, and median bout durations.

Results
Compared to the subjectively sleepy control group, NT1 participants had more bouts of wake and all sleep stages (p ≤ .005) except stage N3. NT1 participants had worse survival of nocturnal wake, stage N2, and rapid eye movement (REM) bouts (p &lt; .005). In the first 8 hours of sleep, NT1 participants had longer stage N1 bouts but shorter REM (all ps &lt; .004). IH participants had a similar number of bouts but better survival of stage N2 bouts (p = .001), and shorter stage N3 bouts in the first 8 hours of sleep (p = .003). In contrast, NT2 participants showed better stage N1 bout survival (p = .006) and longer stage N1 bouts (p = .02).

Conclusions
NT1, NT2, and IH have unique sleep physiology compared to subjectively sleepy controls, with only NT1 demonstrating clear nocturnal wake and sleep instability. Overall, sleep stability measures may aid in diagnoses and management of these central nervous system disorders of hypersomnolence.
A biofoundry workflow for the identification of genetic determinants of microbial growth inhibition
Authors: Moffat Alaster D , Elliston Adam , Patron Nicola J , Truman Andrew W , Carrasco Lopez Jose A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Biofoundries integrate high-throughput software and hardware platforms with synthetic biology approaches to enable the design, execution and analyses of large-scale experiments. The unique and powerful combination of laboratory infrastructure and expertise in molecular biology and automation programming, provide flexible resources for a wide range of workflows and research areas. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of biofoundries to molecular microbiology, describing the development and application of automated workflows to identify the genetic basis of growth inhibition of the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies by a Pseudomonas strain isolated from a potato field. Combining transposon mutagenesis with automated high-throughput antagonistic assays, the workflow accelerated the screening of 2880 mutants to correlate growth inhibition with a biosynthetic gene cluster within 2 weeks.
Galangin attenuates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cells through modulating renin–angiotensin system and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Liao Jie , Liu Bo , Chen Ke , Hu Sheng , Liu Zheng-Yu , Li Yu-Xin , Yang Zhi-Ming , Zhang Meng , Chen Xiong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study was to evaluate the regulatory network among Galangin (Gal), oxidative stress, and renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) in vitro. A cell model of DN was set up by exposing HK-2 cells to high glucose (HG, 30 mM) for 48 h and Gal was applied at 10 μM when needed. mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR and protein level was detected by western blot. Malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase activity were evaluated by commercial kits. We analyzed cell viability by CCK8 assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry. DCFH-DA staining was conveyed for reactive oxygen species detection. HG induced RAS activation, oxidative stress, while inhibited cell viability. Gal suppressed oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis of HK-2 cells under the stimulation of HG via inhibiting RAS activation. Moreover, overexpression of AT1R, a RAS gene, could restrain the mitigative effect of Gal on cell injury. Furthermore, repression of RAS induced by AT1R knockdown partially reversed HG-induced PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells. Also, AKT activation could antagonize Gal’s functional roles in renal cell damage. Collectively, Gal alleviates HG-induced oxidative stress injury of renal tubular epithelial cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal via modulating RAS activation. This finding would help to better understand mechanism of DN development and support future studies.
Subacute and subchronic toxicity of microencapsulated pomegranate juice in rats and mice
Authors: Álvarez-Cervantes Pedro , Izquierdo-Vega Jeannett A , Morán-León José , Guerrero-Solano José A , García-Pérez Blanca E , Cancino-Díaz Juan C , Belefant-Miller Helen , Betanzos-Cabrera Gabriel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit used extensively in traditional medicine by ancient and modern cultures. Different parts of the tree and fruit, such as leaf, peel, pericarp, aril, seed, and juice contain considerable amounts of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activities. To improve its storability, pomegranate juice was microencapsulated by spray drying. The present study evaluated microencapsulated pomegranate juice (MPJ) for toxic effects in Wistar rats and CD-1 mice to determine if MPJ can be considered safe for human consumption and used as a nutraceutical. No deaths or deleterious effects occurred when high doses of 5000 mg/kg were orally administered in rats for 14 days, indicating an absence of subacute toxicity. Similarly, 3000 mg/kg MPJ administered to CD-1 mice for 90 days did not show subchronic toxicity. In fact, MPJ resulted in lowered weight gain in both rats and mice. Cytotoxic and microbiological analyses of MPJ were also performed. MPJ did not cause any cytotoxicity in epithelial cell culture as tested using the Alamar blue assay. Additionally, histopathological analysis of kidney and liver corroborated the absence of toxicity in CD-1 mice. The microbial load of the MPJ was low, and no pathogenic bacteria were present. In conclusion, the results reported here show that high doses of MPJ are apparently innocuous in rats and mice for the 14 and 90 days investigated, respectively. Although preliminary, our results suggest that MPJ may be safe to ingest and may even have beneficial effects in reducing weight gain.
Comparison of Acute Effects of Neurotoxic Compounds on Network Activity in Human and Rodent Neural Cultures
Authors: Saavedra Lorena , Wallace Kathleen , Freudenrich Theresa F , Mall Moritz , Mundy William R , Davila Jorge , Shafer Timothy J , Wernig Marius , Haag Daniel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAssessment of neuroactive effects of chemicals in cell-based assays remains challenging as complex functional tissue is required for biologically relevant readouts. Recent in vitro models using rodent primary neural cultures grown on multielectrode arrays allow quantitative measurements of neural network activity suitable for neurotoxicity screening. However, robust systems for testing effects on network function in human neural models are still lacking. The increasing number of differentiation protocols for generating neurons from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) holds great potential to overcome the unavailability of human primary tissue and expedite cell-based assays. Yet, the variability in neuronal activity, prolonged ontogeny and rather immature stage of most neuronal cells derived by standard differentiation techniques greatly limit their utility for screening neurotoxic effects on human neural networks. Here, we used excitatory and inhibitory neurons, separately generated by direct reprogramming from hiPSCs, together with primary human astrocytes to establish highly functional cultures with defined cell ratios. Such neuron/glia cocultures exhibited pronounced neuronal activity and robust formation of synchronized network activity on multielectrode arrays, albeit with noticeable delay compared with primary rat cortical cultures. We further investigated acute changes of network activity in human neuron/glia cocultures and rat primary cortical cultures in response to compounds with known adverse neuroactive effects, including gamma amino butyric acid receptor antagonists and multiple pesticides. Importantly, we observed largely corresponding concentration-dependent effects on multiple neural network activity metrics using both neural culture types. These results demonstrate the utility of directly converted neuronal cells from hiPSCs for functional neurotoxicity screening of environmental chemicals.
Draft Genome Resource of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici, the Infectious Agent of Pepper Fusarium Wilt
Authors: Xingxing Ping , Khan Raja Asad Ali , Yan Li , Yuhong Yang , Bingyan Xie , Zhenchuan Mao , Jian Ling 
Published: January 2021

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici is the specific pathogen of pepper Fusarium wilt and causes a significant reduction in pepper yield. Its narrow host specificity has led to the concept of formae speciales. This interesting phenomenon has great potential and needs to be analyzed at the molecular level. In this study, we obtained the draft genome sequence of F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici, using the Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology. The long read–based assembly consisted of 34 contigs, with a total length of 54,516,562 bp. The contig N50 was 4,962,668 bp and the GC content was 47.6%. Our genome assembly of F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici provides a valuable resource for the study of pepper Fusarium wilt, and the comparative genomic study of F. oxysporum. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
The Role of Impulsivity and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in the Tendency Toward Addiction in Male Students
Authors: Naeim Mahdi , Rezaeisharif Ali , Kamran Aziz 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Addiction is one of the most important issues today that has affected all institutions, including the family and the society, and the close connection between this issue and the correct methods of raising children in the family is undeniable.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the role of impulsivity and cognitive emotion regulation in the tendency toward addiction in students of Ardabil universities.

Methods:
The methodology applied in this research was descriptive correlation. A total of 520 male students who study at Ardabil universities were selected by 2-stage random sampling. To measure the variables, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-P), and the Addiction Preparation Scale of Weed and Butcher were used.

Results:
To analyze the findings, the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions were used. The obtained results show that there is a positive correlation between impulsivity and tendency to addiction (P<0.01). Also, there is a correlation among all components of impulsivity and tendency to addiction (P<0.01). Statistically, there is a positive correlation between cognitive emotion regulation and tendency to addiction (P<0.01). The results of multivariate regression showed that motor impulsivity, cognitive impulsivity, nonplanning, self-blame, acceptance, rumination, and putting into perspective were significantly able to predict the tendency to addiction.

Conclusions:
Noting that the variables of impulsivity and cognitive emotion regulation can properly predict the tendency to addiction, university counseling centers can, through workshops, teach the students different ways of controlling these variables in a variety of situations and so they will be able to prevent the tendency toward drug use.
Trends in Hip Fracture Incidence, Recurrence, and Survival by Education and Comorbidity: A Swedish Register-based Study
Authors: Meyer Anna C. , Ek Stina , Drefahl Sven , Ahlbom Anders , Hedström Margareta , Modig Karin 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Hip fractures are common and severe conditions among older individuals, associated with high mortality, and the Nordic countries have the highest incidence rates globally. With this study, we aim to present a comprehensive picture of trends in hip fracture incidence and survival in the older Swedish population stratified by education, birth country, and comorbidity level.

Methods:
This study is based on a linkage of several population registers and included the entire population over the age of 60 living in Sweden. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates for first and recurrent hip fractures as well as age-standardized proportions of patients surviving 30 and 365 days through the time period 1998 to 2017. We calculated all outcomes for men and women in the total population and in each population stratum.

Results:
Altogether, we observed 289,603 first hip fractures during the study period. Age-standardized incidence rates of first and recurrent fractures declined among men and women in the total population and in each educational-, birth country-, and comorbidity group. Declines in incidence were more pronounced for recurrent than for first fractures. Approximately 20% of women and 30% of men died within 1 year of their first hip fracture. Overall, survival proportions remained constant throughout the study period but improved when taking into account comorbidity level.

Conclusions:
Hip fracture incidence has declined across the Swedish population, but mortality after hip fracture remained high, especially among men. Hip fracture patients constitute a vulnerable population group with increasing comorbidity burden and high mortality risk.
INTRAVITREAL RANIBIZUMAB TREATMENT FOR ADVANCED FAMILIAL EXUDATIVE VITREORETINOPATHY WITH HIGH VASCULAR ACTIVITY
Authors: Lyu Jiao , Zhang Qi , Xu Yu , Zhang Xiang , Fei Ping , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
To determine the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatment for advanced familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with high vascular activity.

Methods:
The retrospective interventional case series included 28 eyes (20 patients) that had IVR in combination or not with other treatment, for Stage 3 to 5 familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with active fibrovascular proliferation and prominent subretinal exudation. Outcome measures were fundus features after treatment, associated clinical variables, and genetic mutations.

Results:
The age of patients at the first IVR ranged from 0.2 to 36 months. An average of 1.3 IVR injections per eye were given. Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy regressed in 16 (57%) eyes and progressed in 12 eyes (43%) after IVR. Laser and/or vitrectomy was performed on 13 eyes. The retina was reattached in 22 eyes (78%) after 24 to 58 months follow-up. Clinical variables associated with progression after IVR were preexisting fibrovascular proliferation over one quadrant and persistent vascular activity after the initial injection (P < 0.05). Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy-causative genetic mutations in 11 patients were related to variable response to IVR treatment.

Conclusion:
Intravitreal ranibizumab treatment may effectively regress advanced familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with high vascular activity in selected cases. Different treatment outcomes may be relevant to variable presentation and genetic heterogeneity of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.
EXTERNAL DRAINAGE OF SUBRETINAL FLUID DURING RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR
Authors: Belin Peter J. , Mundae Rusdeep , Tzu Jonathan H. , Chang Emmanuel , Parke David W. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
To describe the safety and efficacy of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair with external drainage of subretinal fluid using a 28-gauge External Drainage and Depression device (Vortex Surgical, Chesterfield, MO).

Methods:
Retrospective review of patients who underwent primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair with scleral buckle, pars plana vitrectomy, or scleral buckle/pars plana vitrectomy using the drainage device from August 2018 through March 2020, performed by four surgeons at two vitreoretinal practices.

Results:
Eighty-three eyes of 83 patients were included. At presentation, 28% had proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Surgery included 65% scleral buckle/pars plana vitrectomy, 33% pars plana vitrectomy, and 2% scleral buckle. There were no cases of retinal incarceration and two subretinal hemorrhages at the drainage site (both < 2 DD), 2 cases of recurrent RD with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (1 had proliferative vitreoretinopathy at presentation), and 6 (10%) new epiretinal membranes (3 were mild). There were no other complications. Mean follow-up was 274 days. Single operation success rate for those with ≥ 6-month follow-up was 97% (57/59).

Conclusion:
External drainage of subretinal fluid during rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair demonstrated a favorable safety profile with a high single operation success rate. Further study of the role of external drainage in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair is warranted.
Examining attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control in people with and without chronic pain
Authors: BlaisdaleJones Emma , Sharpe Louise , Todd Jemma , MacDougall Hamish , Nicholas Michael , Colagiuri Ben 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Psychological models of chronic pain (CP) highlight cognitive-processing biases (ie, attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control) as pivotal processes that uniquely and synergistically impact the development and maintenance of CP. Very few studies explore multiple cognitive biases, and no studies have examined these 3 processes together in a CP sample. Furthermore, there is a lack of research investigating the relationship between these cognitive processes and pain-relevant variables (eg, pain intensity and pain catastrophising). The current study aimed to (1) compare attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control in people with and without CP, (2) explore their interrelationships, and (3) explore their association with pain-related variables. Seventy-four participants with CP and 66 without pain volunteered. Participants completed a visual scanning task with eye tracking, a recognition task, and a flanker task. Traditional and Bayesian analysis indicated no effect of pain status on cognitive-processing biases. All participants, regardless of pain status, demonstrated attentional biases towards pain on some indices of early and late attention, but not interpretation bias or attentional control. There was weak evidence of associations between attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control. Pain intensity was significantly correlated with interpretation biases, and follow-up analyses revealed people with high pain intensity demonstrated an interpretation bias towards pain significantly more than those with low pain intensity. Findings suggest that attentional biases towards pain are ubiquitous, but for people with moderate-to-severe pain, interpretation biases may have a role worthy of further research.
Methyltransferase-like 3 contributes to inflammatory pain by targeting TET1 in YTHDF2-dependent manner
Authors: Pan Zhiqiang , Zhang Qi , Liu Xiaodan , Zhou Huimin , Jin Tong , Hao Ling-Yun , Xie Ling , Zhang Ming , Yang Xiao-Xiao , Sun Meng-Lan , Xue Zhou-Ya , Tao Yang , Ye Xin-Chun , Shen Wen , Cao Jun-Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The methyltransferase-like 3 (Mettl3) is a key component of the large N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex in mammalian responsible for RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, which plays an important role in gene post-transcription modulation. Although RNA m6A is enriched in mammalian neurons, its regulatory function in nociceptive information processing remains elusive. Here, we reported that Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain significantly decreased global m6A level and m6A writer Mettl3 in the spinal cord. Mimicking this decease by knocking down or conditionally deleting spinal Mettl3 elevated the levels of m6A in ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenases 1 (Tet1) mRNA and TET1 protein in the spinal cord, leading to production of pain hypersensitivity. By contrast, overexpressing Mettl3 reversed a loss of m6A in Tet1 mRNA and blocked the CFA-induced increase of TET1 in the spinal cord, resulting in the attenuation of pain behavior. Furthermore, the decreased level of spinal YT521-B homology domain family protein 2 (YTHDF2), an RNA m6A reader, stabilized upregulation of spinal TET1 because of the reduction of Tet1 mRNA decay by the binding to m6A in Tet1 mRNA in the spinal cord after CFA. This study reveals a novel mechanism for downregulated spinal cord METTL3 coordinating with YTHDF2 contributes to the modulation of inflammatory pain through stabilizing upregulation of TET1 in spinal neurons.