bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of space time coded generalized frequency division multiplexing system over generalized fading channels
Authors: Kalsotra Surbhi , Kumar Singh Ashutosh , Dutt Joshi Hem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to its low out‐of‐band emission and high spectral efficiency, the generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) has been adopted as one of the most prominent waveform techniques for the 5G networks. To further combat the deep fading, the space time coding (STC) can be integrated with the GFDM system which provide high diversity gain that results into low symbol error rate at the receiver. In this article, a generalized model of space time coded GFDM system (STC‐GFDM) has been proposed. More precisely, a comprehensive analytical framework to compute the average symbol error rate (ASER) is introduced, which can be used for any MIMO configuration, code rate, and arbitrary fading channel. The proposed framework has wider applicability over generalized fading channels and having more accurate exact solution along with easy to evaluate approximate solution. Thus, the proposed framework extends the horizon of performance analysis of STC‐GFDM system over any fading scenario, that is not covered so far in the literature. In general, the closed from expressions of exact and approximate along with asymptotic ASER are derived for different fading channels using moment generating function (MGF) approach. Particularly, the ASER analysis has been performed analytically using derived expression over Rayleigh, TWDP, Nakagami‐q, and Nakagami‐m fading channels for‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation (‐QAM). This analysis confirms that with the increase in transmit and receive antenna and decrease in modulation order, the ASER performance improves for all fading channels. Also, the improvement in ASER is observed as the power of specular components (ie, LOS paths) increases. Furthermore, these analytical results are validated using Monte‐Carlo simulation.
Motor training‐related brain reorganization in patients with cerebellar degeneration
Authors: Draganova Rossitza , Konietschke Frank , Steiner Katharina M. , Elangovan Naveen , Gümüs Meltem , Göricke Sophia M. , Ernst Thomas M. , Deistung Andreas , van Eimeren Thilo , Konczak Jürgen , Timmann Dagmar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCerebellar degeneration progressively impairs motor function. Recent research showed that cerebellar patients can improve motor performance with practice, but the optimal feedback type (visual, proprioceptive, verbal) for such learning and the underlying neuroplastic changes are unknown. Here, patients with cerebellar degeneration (N = 40) and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (N = 40) practiced single‐joint, goal‐directed forearm movements for 5 days. Cerebellar patients improved performance during visuomotor practice, but a training focusing on either proprioceptive feedback, or explicit verbal feedback and instruction did not show additional benefits. Voxel‐based morphometry revealed that after training gray matter volume (GMV) was increased prominently in the visual association cortices of controls, whereas cerebellar patients exhibited GMV increase predominantly in premotor cortex. The premotor cortex as a recipient of cerebellar efferents appears to be an important hub in compensatory remodeling following damage of the cerebro‐cerebellar motor system.
Incorporating multiple observational uncertainties in water quality model calibration
Authors: Wu Xia , Marshall Lucy , Sharma Ashish 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe presence of error in water quality and hydrologic variables can significantly impair the calibration of water quality models. Precise and reliable identification of observational errors can have a significant impact on improving model parameter estimation. This study develops the Bayesian error analysis with reordering (BEAR) method to accommodate multiple sources of observational errors in the calibration of a water quality model. It realizes this goal by sampling the errors for input and output data from their respective error distributions and reordering them with inferred ranks via the secant method. This approach is demonstrated in the case of total suspended solids (TSS) simulated via a conceptual water quality model. Based on case studies using synthetic data, the new algorithm successfully quantifies one source of observational error when the error model of another source of observational error can be estimated accurately in advance. The results of a real case study also illustrate that considering observational errors in both model inputs and outputs, rather than in just the inputs or outputs, can improve the parameter calibration and error characterization. The improvements depend on the precision of the prior information for the error model. The application of this new algorithm in TSS simulation can be an example to understand how the BEAR algorithm works in other water quality models. The core idea of the BEAR algorithm is flexible and can be extended to the calibration of other environmental models.
Bone Geometry, Density, Microstructure, and Biomechanical Properties in the Distal Tibia in Patients With Primary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Assessed by Second-Generation High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography
Authors: Pang Qianqian , Xu Yuping , Huang Le , Li Ye , Lin Yuanyuan , Hou Yanfang , Hung Vivian W , Qi Xuan , Ni Xiaolin , Li Mei , Jiang Yan , Wang Ou , Xing Xiaoping , Qin Ling , Xia Weibo 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Periosteosis refers to pathological woven bone formation beneath the cortical bone of the long bones. It is an imaging hallmark of primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO) and also considered as one of the major diagnostic criteria of PHO patients. Up to date, detailed information on bone quality changes in long bones of PHO patients is still missing. This study aimed to evaluate bone microarchitecture and bone strength in PHO patients by using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). The study comprised 20 male PHO patients with the average age of 27.0 years and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was assessed at the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and hip (total hip and femoral neck) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone geometry, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and microstructure parameters at the distal tibia were evaluated by using HR-pQCT. Bone strength was evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA) based on HR-pQCT screening at distal tibia. Urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), serum phosphatase (ALP), beta-C-telopeptides of type I collagen (β-CTX), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and neuronal calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were investigated. As compared with healthy controls, PHO patients had larger bone cross-sectional areas; lower total, trabecular, and cortical vBMD; compromised bone microstructures with more porous cortices, thinned trabeculae, reduced trabecular connectivity, and relatively more significant resorption of rod-like trabeculae at distal tibia. The apparent Young's modulus was significantly lower in PHO patients. The concentration of PGE2, biomarkers of bone resorption (β-CTX and sRANKL/OPG ratio), and the neuropeptide CGRP were higher in PHO patients versus healthy controls. PGE2 level correlated negatively with vBMD and estimated bone strength and positively with bone geometry at distal tibia. The present HR-pQCT study is the first one illustrating the microarchitecture and bone strength features in long bones. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
An investigation of the relationship between school counselor trainees’ broaching behavior and their racial identity attitudes
Authors: Day‐Vines Norma L. , Brodar Jennifer R. , Hicks Dantavious , Fernandez‐Korto Erica B. , Garcia Carolina , Jones Katelynn 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between the racial identity attitudes and broaching behavior in a sample of 198 trainees matriculating in school counseling programs. Respondents completed the Broaching Attitudes and Behavior Survey, the Cross Ethnic‐Racial Identity Scale‐Adult, Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale, and a demographic survey. Findings demonstrated that trainees with lower levels of racial identity functioning (RIF) endorsed Avoidant broaching attitudes and behaviors, and trainees with higher levels of RIF endorsed more Infusing broaching attitudes and behaviors.
Association between serum hemoglobin and major cardiovascular adverse event in Chinese patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Yang Yulu , Huang Yun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a common clinical acute and severe disease, and it is of great significance to evaluate the prognosis of these patients. Hemoglobin levels are associated with a variety of diseases, but studies on Chinese patients with STEMI after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been sufficient.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis based on a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing PCI in Taizhou, Zhejiang, China. We performed multivariable logistic regression to explore the association between the serum hemoglobin and the incidence of major cardiovascular adverse event (MACE) in patients after PCI. We also used a generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting to explain the nonlinear relationship after adjusting the potential confounders. Finally, the heterogeneity among specific groups was examined by subgroup analysis.ResultsOf all 462 patients enrolled in this study, 118 (25.54%) developed MACE. There was a negative correlation between serum hemoglobin and MACE in all three models (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI 0.72, 0.93], HR 0.86, 95% CI [0.76,0.98], and HR 0.87, 95% CI [0.74,0.98], respectively). In the subgroup analysis, the negative correlation existed between the patients who had myocardial infarction (MI) history (p for interaction = 0.0059) after adjusting covariates. However, no significant differences were found between age and sex groups (p for interaction = 0.1381, 0.4103, respectively).ConclusionOur results indicated that patients who received PCI with low preoperative hemoglobin were more likely to develop MACE, especially if they have already had a history of MI.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19): Emerging detection technologies and auxiliary analysis
Authors: Chen Ying , Huang Shengxiong , Zhou Liuyan , Wang Xin , Yang Huan , Li Wenqing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic constitutes a new challenge for public health. Prevention and control of infection have become urgent and serious issues. To meet the clinical demand for higher accuracy of COVID‐19 detection, the development of fast and efficient methods represents an important step. The most common methods of COVID‐19 diagnosis, relying on real‐time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT‐qPCR), computed tomography, and new‐generation sequencing technologies, have a series of advantages, especially for early diagnosis and screening. In addition, joint efforts of researchers all over the world have led to the development of other rapid detection methods with high sensitivity, ease of use, cost‐effectiveness, or allowing multiplex analysis based on technologies such as dPCR, ELISA, fluorescence immunochromatography assay, and the microfluidic detection chip method. The main goal of this review was to provide a critical discussion on the development and application of these different analytical methods, which based on etiology, serology, and molecular biology, as well as to compare their respective advantages and disadvantages. In addition to these methods, hematology and biochemistry, as well as auxiliary analysis based on pathological anatomy, ultrasonography, and cytokine detection, will help understand COVID‐19 pathogenesis. Together, these technologies may promote and open new windows to unravel issues surrounding symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID‐19 infections and improve clinical strategies toward reducing mortality.
Autophagy ATG16L1 rs2241880 impacts the colorectal cancer risk: A case‐control study
Authors: Jamali Leila , Sadeghi Hossein , Ghasemi Mohammad‐Reza , Mohseni Roohollah , Nazemalhosseini‐Mojarad Ehsan , Yassaee Vahid Reza , Larki Pegah , Zali Mohammad Reza , Mirfakhraie Reza 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite many efforts to discover the important role of the autophagy process in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC), the exact involved molecular mechanism still remains to be elucidated. Recently, a limited number of studies have been employed to discover the impact of autophagy genes’ variants on the development and progression of CRC. Here, we evaluated the association between two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the main components of the autophagy genes,ATG16L1rs2241880, andATG5rs1475270, and the CRC risk in an Iranian population.MethodsDuring this investigation, a total of 369 subjects, including 179 CRC patients and 190 non‐cancer controls have been genotyped using Tetra‐primer amplification refractory mutation system‐polymerase chain reaction (TP‐ARMS‐PCR) method.ResultThe results demonstrated that the T allele of theATG16L1rs2241880 was significantly associated with the increased risk of CRC in the studied population (OR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.21–2.22,p = 0.0015). Moreover,ATG16L1rs2241880 TT genotype increased the susceptibility to CRC (OR 3.31, 95% CI: 1.64–6.69,p = 0.0008). Furthermore, a significant association was observed under the recessive and dominant inheritance models (p = 0.0015 andp = 0.017, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found in theATG5rs1475270 alleles and genotypes between the cases and controls.ConclusionThe results of the present study may be helpful concerning the risk stratification in CRC patients based on the genotyping approach of autophagy pathways and emphasize the need for further investigations among different populations and ethnicities to refine our conclusions.
Sex/gender differences in individual and joint trajectories of common mental health symptoms in early to middle adolescence
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , Ushakova Anastasia , Speyer Lydia , Brown Ruth , Auyeung Bonnie , Zhu Xinxin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly to middle adolescence is a critical period of development for mental health issues. Illuminating sex/gender differences in mental health trajectories in this period is important for targeting screening and preventive interventions; however, evidence to date on the extent and nature of sex/gender differences in common mental health issue trajectories in this period has produced mixed findings. There is a particular gap in our knowledge of sex/gender differences in the joint trajectories of commonly co‐occurring mental health issues in adolescence, given the strong tendency for mental health issues to co‐occur.MethodWe applied sex/gender‐stratified latent class growth analysis to an age‐heterogeneous cohort (age 10–15) derived from the population‐representative UK Household Longitudinal Study. We explored sex/gender differences in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, internalizing problems, and conduct problems individually and jointly.ResultsWe found indications of sex/gender differences in a number of areas. There were fewer classes in the optimal model to describe the heterogeneity in internalizing problems and conduct problems trajectories in males and females respectively. Further, for ADHD, affected males were more likely to enter adolescence with already elevated symptoms whereas affected female trajectories were characterized by an escalation of symptoms during adolescence.ConclusionsThere are sex/gender differences in the levels and trajectories of specific mental health symptoms in early to middle adolescence; however, in both males and females there is a strong tendency for multiple issues to co‐occur.
1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of the compound obtaining from cyclopentadiene‐PTAD and biological activities of adducts formed selectively
Authors: Yavari Mirali Akbar , Taslimi Parham , Bayrak Cetin , Taskin‐Tok Tugba , Menzek Abdullah 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAfter known adduct (4) was synthesized by cycloaddition reaction of cyclopentadiene with 4‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazoline‐3,5‐dione, seven new isoxazoline derivatives were synthesized from reactions of 4 with corresponding oximes prepared from benzaldehyde derivatives in the existence of the aqueous NaOCl in CH2Cl2 at 0°C—RT via nitrile oxides. Four new pyrazoline derivatives were also synthesized from reactions of 4 with corresponding prepared reagents via nitrile imines. Selectively, each of all isoxazole and pyrazoline derivatives was synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of compound 4 with the corresponding reagents. Based on the results of their biological activity analyses, Ki values for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and alpha‐glucosidase (α‐Gly) enzymes were obtained in this range 32.15 ± 5.73–107.44 ± 19.52 22.57 ± 4.30–186.07 ± 23.51, and 69.08 ± 8.54–528.07 ± 38.46 nM, respectively. Besides that, these compounds were subjected to molecular docking to describe the interaction against AChE, BChE, and α‐Gly enzymes in which important interactions were visualized and evaluated with residues of the binding region in each target enzyme.
Soul work: Black practitioners’ perceptions of Black clients’ mental health needs
Authors: Summers LaTonya M. , Lassiter Pam S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMost empirical investigations with Black clients have focused on the multicultural competence of practitioners who work with them. Little attention has been given to the needs of Black clients. This phenomenological inquiry explored Black practitioners’ perceptions of Black clients’ mental health needs and identified five common themes: (a) mental health literacy, (b) family and parenting counseling, (c) advocacy, (d) trauma and grief work, and (e) self‐efficacy enhancement. Implications for counseling and future research are discussed.
The improvement of texture properties and storage stability for kappa carrageenan in developing vegan gummy candies
Authors: Song Xinyu , Chiou Bor‐Sen , Xia Yixun , Chen Maoshen , Liu Fei , Zhong Fang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs plant‐based foods have become more mainstream in recent years, carrageenan has been used to replace animal‐derived gelatin in confectionery products. However, texture defects and water seepage during storage limit the development of kappa carrageenan (KC) gummy candies.RESULTSThis study evaluated the effects of hydrocolloids on the texture properties and storage stability of KC gummy candies. The results showed that 4 g kg−1 carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) composited with 20 g kg−1 KC formed a flexible gummy candy with low fragility and limited water seepage during storage. Further investigation revealed that 4 g kg−1 CMC promoted side‐by‐side intermolecular aggregation of KC helices through hydrogen bonding, which stabilized a denser network structure compared to the pure KC hydrogel. However, high CMC proportions (8–12 g kg−1) led to electrostatic repulsion that dominated in the system, inhibiting the gel‐forming process and thus resulting in a weak gel structure with accelerated syneresis.CONCLUSIONThis study found that 4 g kg−1 CMC was able to improve the flexibility and decrease unacceptable fragility of KC gummy candies, with water seepage decreased during storage significantly. It provided preliminary evidence for utilizing hydrocolloids to adjust texture and control water migration in KC gels, and has potential to promote wide development of vegan gummy candies. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of cooking on the nutritional quality and volatile compounds in omega‐3 fatty acids enriched eggs
Authors: Chen Xue , Liang Kehong , Zhu Hong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe extensive consumption of eggs and their utilization as an ingredient in food products globally offer excellent potential for increasing dietary omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. Thus far, research involving dietary focused on changes in their physical properties after boiling, protein denaturation, storage stability, and other characteristics. However, minimal reports are available regarding the evaluation of nutritional changes. Therefore, this study comprehensively investigated the impact of cooking on the nutritional quality and volatile compound profile of ordinary and omega‐3 eggs.RESULTSCompared with ordinary eggs, those enriched with omega‐3 fatty acids contained higher proportions of total omega‐3 PUFAs and α‐tocopherol. However, no significant difference was evident between the amino acid compositions of the two types of eggs. Omega‐3 eggs boiled for 20 min at 75 °C showed higher levels of omega‐3 PUFAs, total tocopherol, and essential amino acids while increasing the heating time and temperature reduced these nutrients. Heat treatment significantly decreased the ketones and alcohol content while increasing the hydrocarbons level. The overall variations in the metabolic response due to cooking temperature were evidenced by the multiple metabolic associations and clustering on the principal component analysis (PCA) plane and heat map.CONCLUSIONThe findings provided useful information for ensuring quality retention in eggs, especially those enriched with omega‐3. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Anatomic Optical Coherence Tomography (aOCT) for Evaluation of the Internal Nasal Valve
Authors: Waters Candace M. , Stepp Wesley H. , Conduff Joseph , Balakrishnan Santosh , Bu Ruofei , Oldenburg Amy L. , Kimbell Julia S. , Shockley William W. , Clark Joseph Madison 
Published: December 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo establish the utility of anatomic optical coherence tomography (aOCT) in evaluating internal nasal valve (INV).Study DesignAnatomic specimen imaging study.MethodsFresh‐harvested human specimen heads were evaluated using both computed tomography (CT) imaging as well as using aOCT. Scans were performed at three time points: 1) After septoplasty for cartilage harvest, 2) after placement of butterfly graft (BFG), and 3) after placement of bilateral spreader grafts (SG). Imaging data were then converted into 3D models of the nasal airway. CT‐ and aOCT‐generated models were compared by both static volumetric analysis and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to predict nasal resistance and pressure.ResultsScans using aOCT showed comparable results to CT in terms of volumetric parameters both before and after intervention. Analysis of aOCT data by CFD demonstrated decrease in pressure after SG or BFG intervention. No statistically significant difference was observed when comparing CT‐ and aOCT‐generated calculations of pressure or resistance.ConclusionThe INV can be imaged in a static fashion using aOCT technology. Advantages over traditional CT imaging include lack of exposure to radiation and rapid scan time. In addition, in‐office use is possible as aOCT technology develops. Further investigation will be necessary to define the role of aOCT in the dynamic evaluation of this vital component of the nasal airway.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:2148–2156, 2022