bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENDEKATAN HUKUM TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN NASABAH MENURUT NORMA HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Muddin Muhammad Hanafiah 
Published: February 2021

Bank adalah badan usaha yang bergerak dalam perekonomian di bidang jasa dan keuangan, Bank dapat beroperasi tergantungÂ pada kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga perbankan, lembaga perbankan oleh karena itu perlu untuk mempertahankan kepercayaan bahwa dalam rangka mempertahankan kebaradaannya, tujuan hukum untuk mendapatkan keadilan tidak menimbulkan masalah hukum, terutama pada perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah bank masih tidak sampai menyentuh kepentingan klien, kerja hukum harus dilihat dalam konteks yang lebih besar baru saja dibahas dalam konteks hukum itu sendiri, karena bank merupakan salah satu lembaga badan usaha keuangan yang memberikan kredit dan jasa. Tapi pinjaman dilakukan dengan modal sendiri atau dana yang dipercayakan oleh pihak ketiga, untuk melindungi pelanggan harus melihat aturan hukum positif sehingga pelanggan merasa nyaman dalam mengelola keuangan dan menyimpan uang di bank yang dipercayakan oleh pelanggan.Kata kunci : Bank, Badan Usaha Keuangan, mengatur perekonomian
HAK PEKERJA DAN KEWAJIBAN PERUSAHAAN ATAS JAMSOSTEK
Authors: - Mukhtaruddin 
Published: February 2021

Pada tulisan ini membahas tentang Hak Pekerja atas Jaminan Sosial sebagaimana tersebut dalam pasal 28H ayat (3) UUD 1945 yang berbunyi: Setip orang berhak atas jaminan social yang memungkinkan pengembangan dirinya secara utuh sebagai manusia yang bermartabat. Atas dasar itu Negara mengembangkan system jaminan social bagi seluruh rakyat dan memberdayakan masyarakat yang lemah da tidak mampu sesuai dengan martabat kemanusiaan sebagai sarana pembaharuan masyarakat. Dalam rangka pembangunan nasional Indonesia, pembangunan ketenagakerjaan haruslah melindungi hak-hak dari pekerja/buruh sehingga pada saat yang sama dapat terwujudnya kondisi yang kondusif bagi dunia usaha. Pekerja/buruh adalah sebuah sub system yang merupakan motor penggerak dari sebuah system berjalannya sebuah perusahaan. Tampaknya biasa saja, sepertinya tidak bermakna, tetapi kalau dikaji lebih jauh akan kelihatan kebenarannya dalam member hak-hak dasar dari pada buruh.Â Kata kunci : hak pekerja atas jaminan sosial dan bermanfaat.Â
Generation of Modern Satellite Data from Galileo Sunspot Drawings in 1612 by Deep Learning
Authors: Lee Harim , Park Eunsu , Moon Yong-Jae 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Historical sunspot drawings are very important resources for understanding past solar activity. We generate solar magnetograms and EUV images from Galileo sunspot drawings using a deep learning model based on conditional generative adversarial networks. We train the model using pairs of sunspot drawings from the Mount Wilson Observatory and their corresponding magnetograms (or UV/EUV images) from 2011 to 2015 except for every June and December by the Solar Dynamic Observatory satellite. We evaluate the model by comparing pairs of actual magnetograms (or UV/EUV images) and the corresponding AI-generated ones in June and December. Our results show that bipolar structures of the AI-generated magnetograms are consistent with those of the original ones and their unsigned magnetic fluxes (or intensities) are consistent with those of the original ones. Applying this model to the Galileo sunspot drawings in 1612, we generate Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager-like magnetograms and Atmospheric Imaging Assembly-like EUV images of the sunspots. We hope that the EUV intensities can be used for estimating solar EUV irradiance at long-term historical times.
An X-Ray Study of the White Dwarf Binary AR Scorpii
Authors: Takata J. , Wang X. F. , Wang H. H. , Lin L. C.-C. , Hu C.-P. , Li K. L. , Kong A. K. H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report a study of X-ray emission from the white dwarf/M-type star binary system AR Scorpii using archival data taken in 2016–2020. It has been known that the X-ray emission is dominated by optically thin thermal plasma emission and its flux level varies significantly over the orbital phase. The X-ray emission also contains a component that modulates with the beat frequency between the white dwarf’s spin frequency and orbital frequency. In this new analysis, the 2020 data taken by NICER shows that the X-ray emission modulates with the spin frequency as well as with the beat frequency, indicating that part of the X-ray emission comes from the white dwarf’s magnetosphere. It is found that the signal of the spin frequency appears only at a specific orbital phase, while the beat signal appears over the orbital phase. We interpret the X-ray emission modulating with the spin frequency and the beat frequency as a result of synchrotron emission from electrons with smaller and larger pitch angles, respectively. In the long-term evolution, the beat pulse profile averaged over the orbital phase changes from a single-peak structure in 2016/2018 to a double-peak structure in 2020. The observed X-ray flux levels measured in 2016/2017 are higher than those measured in 2018/2020. The plasma temperature and the amplitude of the orbital waveform might vary with time too. These results indicate that the X-ray emission from AR Scorpii evolves on a timescale of years. This long-term evolution would be explained by a superorbital modulation related to, for example, a precession of the white dwarf or a fluctuation of the system related to the activity of the companion star.
From Haloes to Galaxies. II. The Fundamental Relations in Star Formation and Quenching
Authors: Dou Jing , Peng Yingjie , Renzini Alvio , Ho Luis C. , Mannucci Filippo , Daddi Emanuele , Gao Yu , Maiolino Roberto , Zhang Chengpeng , Gu Qiusheng , Li Di , Lilly Simon J. , Yuan Feng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Star formation and quenching are two of the most important processes in galaxy formation and evolution. We explore in the local universe the interrelationships among key integrated galaxy properties, including stellar mass M
*, star formation rate (SFR), specific SFR (sSFR), molecular gas mass

M

H

2

, star formation efficiency (SFE) of the molecular gas, and the molecular gas to stellar mass ratio μ. We aim to identify the most fundamental scaling relations among these key galaxy properties and their interrelationships. We show that the integrated

M

H

2

–SFR, SFR–M
*, and

M

H

2

–M
* relations can be simply transformed from the μ–sSFR, SFE–μ, and SFE–sSFR relations, respectively. The transformation, in principle, can increase or decrease the scatter of each relation. Interestingly, we find that the latter three relations all have significantly smaller scatter than the corresponding former three. We show that the probability to achieve the observed small scatter by accident is extremely close to zero. This suggests that the smaller scatters of the latter three relations are driven by a more universal physical connection among these quantities. We then show that the large scatters in the former relations are due to their systematic dependence on other galaxy properties, and on the star formation and quenching process. We propose the sSFR–μ–SFE relation as the fundamental formation relation (FFR), which governs the star formation and quenching process and provides a simple framework to study galaxy evolution. Other scaling relations, including the integrated Kennicutt–Schmidt law, star-forming main sequence, and molecular gas main sequence, can all be derived from the FFR.
Spherical Shocks in a Steep Density Gradient of Expanding Media
Authors: Govreen-Segal Taya , Nakar Ehud , Levinson Amir 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We study the propagation of a Newtonian shock in a spherically symmetric, homologously expanding ejecta. We focus on media with a steep power-law density profile of the form ρ ∝ t
−3
v
−α
, with α > 5, where v is the velocity of the expanding medium and t is time. Such profiles are expected in the leading edge of supernovae ejecta and sub-relativistic outflows from binary neutron star mergers. We find that such shocks always accelerate in the lab frame and lose causal contact with the bulk of the driver gas, owing to the steep density profile. However, the prolonged shock evolution exhibits two distinct pathways: In one, the shock strength diminishes with time until the shock eventually dies out. In the other, the shock strength steadily increases, and the solution approaches the self-similar solution that a shock is a static medium. By mapping the parameter space of shock solutions, we find that the evolutionary pathways are dictated by α and by the initial ratio between the shock velocity and the local upstream velocity. We find that for α < ω

c
(ω

c
≈ 8), the shock always decays, and that for α > ω

c
, the shock may decay or grow stronger depending on the initial value of the velocity ratio. These two branches bifurcate from a self-similar solution derived analytically for a constant velocity ratio. We analyze properties of the solutions that may have an impact on the observational signatures of such systems, and assess the conditions required for decaying shocks to break out from a finite medium.
The Astrophysical Distance Scale. III. Distance to the Local Group Galaxy WLM Using Multiwavelength Observations of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch, Cepheids, and JAGB Stars
Authors: Lee Abigail J. , Freedman Wendy L. , Madore Barry F. , Owens Kayla A. , Monson Andrew J. , Hoyt Taylor J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The local determination of the Hubble constant sits at a crossroad. Current estimates of the local expansion rate of the universe differ by about 1.7σ, derived from the Cepheid- and TRGB-based calibrations, applied to Type Ia supernovae. To help elucidate possible sources of systematic error causing the tension, we show in this study the recently developed distance indicator, the J-region Asymptotic Giant Branch (JAGB) method, can serve as an independent cross-check and comparison with other local distance indicators. Furthermore, we make the case that the JAGB method has substantial potential as an independent, precise, and accurate calibrator of Type Ia supernovae for the determination of H
0. Using the Local Group galaxy Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM), we present distance comparisons between the JAGB method, a TRGB measurement at near-infrared (JHK) wavelengths, a TRGB measurement in the optical I band, and a multiwavelength Cepheid period–luminosity relation determination. We find

μ

0

(
JAGB
)

=

24.97
±
0.02

(
stat
)
±
0.04

(
sys
)

mag

μ

0

(

TRGB

NIR

)

=

24.98
±
0.04

(
stat
)
±
0.07

(
sys
)

mag

μ

0

(

TRGB

F
814
W

)

=

24.93
±
0.02

(
stat
)
±
0.06

(
sys
)

mag

μ

0

(
Cepheids
)

=

24.98
±
0.03

(
stat
)
±
0.04

(
sys
)

mag
.

All four methods are in good agreement, confirming the local self-consistency of the four distance scales at the 3% level and adding confidence that the JAGB method is as accurate and as precise a distance indicator as either of the other three astrophysically based methods.
Comparative Study between Betamethasone Gel and Lignocaine Jelly Applied Over the Tracheal Tube to Reduce Postoperative Airway Complications
Authors: Singh Guriqbal , Jadeja Priti , Patnaik R. Yashwanth , Ravinbothayan Sugadev , Singh Vijaylaxmi , Dhawan Raghav 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background:
Postoperative sore throat (POST), postextubation cough (PEC), and hoarseness of voice (HOV) are some of the common postoperative morbidities due to airway instrumentation. This study is aimed to compare the efficacy of 0.05% betamethasone gel to 2% lignocaine gel applied over the oro-endotracheal tube to reduce the incidence of POST, PEC, and HOV.

Patients and Methods:
This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical study in patients scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia. They were randomized into two groups of 30. In Group B (betamethasone), the endotracheal tube was lubricated from the distal end of the cuff using 2.5 ml of betamethasone gel, and in Group L, the endotracheal tube was lubricated with lignocaine jelly in the same way. Patients were examined for POST, PEC, and HOV at intervals of 1, 3, 8, and 24 h after extubation.

Results:
Significant differences were found at 8 and 24 h postextubation. The incidence of PEC were 30% versus 6.7 % (P=0.02) and 26.7% versus 3.3% (P=0.01) in favour to group B. The incidence of POST were 30% vs 3.3% (P=0.005) and 23.3% vs 0% (P=0.004) in group L vs group B, respectively. Similarly, the incidence of HOV were 20% vs 3.3% (P=0.04) and 13.3% vs 0% (P=0.03) in group B's favour.

Conclusion:
Patients who underwent general anesthesia using betamethasone gel 0.05% applied to endotracheal tube reported a lower incidence of POST, PEC, and HOV in comparison to those with the application of lignocaine 2% on the endotracheal tube.
The Predictive Factors for Poor Outcomes in Preterm Infants with Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Infection
Authors: Al-Matary Abdulrahman , Huseynova Roya , Qaraqe Mostafa , Aldandan Faisal K. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The main pathogen for neonatal nosocomial infections is coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), particularly in very low-birth-weight and premature newborns. The current study is aimed to assess the outcomes of preterm infants with CoNS infection via a retrospective analysis, to determine the correlation between the clinical profile and mortality and morbidity, and to determine the factors associated with poor outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective case–control study was conducted in the Children's and Women's Health Centre of King Fahad Medical City neonatal intensive care unit in Saudi Arabia. The study period was from January 2013 to December 2019.

Results:
There were 1333 controls and 137 cases of CoNS infection. There was a significant association between total parenteral nutrition use, surgical insertion of a central line, inotrope use, and spontaneous intestinal perforation and CoNS infection. There was a significant association between umbilical vein catheter (UVC) and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line use and CoNS infection. The use of a UVC or PICC line significantly impacted. The presence of patent ductus arteriosus also significantly impacted.

Conclusions:
There was a significant association between UVC and PICC line use and outcome. The presence of patent ductus arteriosus or a perforated bowel and the need for inotrope use in CoNS infection was associated with poor outcomes. Mortality, retinopathy of prematurity, and necrotizing enterocolitis requiring surgery were more common in infants with CoNS infections.
Impact of Early Referral on Immediate Outcome of Asphyxiated Newborns
Authors: Gohiya Poorva , Ubriani Namrata , Dwivedi Rashmi 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Perinatal asphyxia is a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Early recognition of perinatal asphyxia and timely referral to centers well equipped in postresuscitation management helps to minimize unfavorable consequences. We did this observational study with the aim of finding out the impact of referral timings on early (72 h) outcome of asphyxiated newborns.

Materials and Methods:
This is a prospective observational study conducted in the sick newborn care unit, of a teaching institute in central India, over a period of 12 months. We enrolled 150 full-term neonates admitted with perinatal asphyxia. Their early outcome was recorded and analyzed.

Results:
The short-term outcome of asphyxiated neonates at 72 h of admission was significantly better when they were admitted within 6 h of birth.

Conclusion:
Early recognition of birth asphyxia and timely referral helps in reducing morbidity and mortality in neonates.
On the Skolem problem and some related questions for parametric families of linear recurrence sequences
Authors: Ostafe Alina , Shparlinski Igor E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe show that in a parametric family of linear recurrence sequences
$a_1(\alpha ) f_1(\alpha )^n + \cdots + a_k(\alpha ) f_k(\alpha )^n$
with the coefficients
$a_i$
and characteristic roots
$f_i$
,
$i=1, \ldots ,k$
, given by rational functions over some number field, for all but a set of elements
$\alpha $
of bounded height in the algebraic closure of
${\mathbb Q}$
, the Skolem problem is solvable, and the existence of a zero in such a sequence can be effectively decided. We also discuss several related questions.
Access to Improved Sanitation and Nutritional Status among Preschool Children in Nouna District, Burkina Faso
Authors: Bountogo Mamadou , Ouattara Mamadou , Sié Ali , Compaoré Guillaume , Dah Clarisse , Boudo Valentin , Zakane Alphonse , Lebas Elodie , Brogdon Jessica M. , Godwin William W. , Lin Ying , Arnold Benjamin F. , Oldenburg Catherine E. , _ _ 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTAccess to improved sanitation and hygiene may improve child nutritional status by reducing exposure to enteric pathogens. We evaluated this relationship as part of the Community Health with Azithromycin Trial, a community-randomized trial of azithromycin versus placebo for the prevention of child mortality in rural Burkina Faso. Before the baseline study visit, a door-to-door household survey was conducted for all households in the study area. During the baseline study census, which occurred approximately 9 months after the household survey, a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement was obtained from each child. We evaluated the relationship between household improved latrine use compared with unimproved latrines or open defecation and MUAC in children aged 6–59 months. Among 32,172 children with household survey data and MUAC measurements, 931 (2.9%) had an MUAC less than 12.5 cm and were classified as having moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). The odds of MAM were higher in children living in households with an unimproved latrine than those with an improved latrine (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.11–2.31). Children in households with unimproved latrines and households that practiced open defection had approximate 0.15 cm reduced MUAC compared with those in households with an improved latrine. There was a small, but statistically significant, association between improved latrine and nutritional status in preschool children as measured by MUAC.
Case Report: Therapeutic Threshold for Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in a Patient from Maputo, Mozambique
Authors: Gonzaga Lorena D. M. , Gils Tinne , Decroo Tom , Jacobs Bart K. M. , Lynen Lutgarde 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTWe present a case of a patient in Mozambique, who initiated treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) without proof of resistance. For this patient, we estimated the probability of RR-TB using likelihood ratios of clinical arguments. The probability of RR-TB in Mozambique, positive HIV status, and treatment failure after a first treatment and after retreatment were included as confirming arguments, and a rapid molecular test showing rifampicin susceptibility as excluding argument. The therapeutic threshold to start treatment for RR-TB is unknown, but probably lower than 47% and should be calculated to guide clinical decisions.
Direct Comparison of Standard and Ultrasensitive PCR for the Detection of Plasmodium falciparum from Dried Blood Spots in Bagamoyo, Tanzania
Authors: Markwalter Christine F. , Ngasala Billy , Mowatt Tonelia , Basham Christopher , Park Zackary , Loya Mwajabu , Muller Meredith , Plowe Christopher , Nyunt Myaing , Lin Jessica T. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTUltrasensitive PCR used in low-transmission malaria-endemic settings has revealed a much higher burden of asymptomatic infections than that detected by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) or standard PCR, but there is limited evidence as to whether this is the case in higher transmission settings. Using dried blood spots (DBS) collected among 319 schoolchildren in Bagamoyo, Tanzania, we found good correlation (Pearson’s R = 0.995) between Plasmodium falciparum parasite densities detected by a DNA-based 18s rRNA real-time PCR (qPCR) and an RNA-based ultrasensitive reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR (usPCR) for the same target. Whereas prevalence by usPCR was higher than that found by qPCR (37% versus 32%), the proportion of additionally detected low-density infections (median parasite density < 0.050 parasites/µL) represented an incremental increase. It remains unclear to what extent these low-density infections may contribute to the infectious reservoir in different malaria transmission settings.
Finiteness of the space of n-cycles for a reduced (n − 2)-concave complex space
Authors: Barlet Daniel 
Published: February 2021

EPIGA, Volume 1 (2017), Nr. 5We show that for n ≥ 2 the space of closed n-cycles in a strongly (n − 2)-concave complex space has a natural structure of reduced complex space locally of finite dimension and represents the functor &quot; analytic family of n-cycles &quot; parametrized by Banach analytic sets.Nous montrons que, pour n ≥ 2, l'espace des n-cycles fermés dans un espace complexe fortement (n − 2)-concave a une structure naturelle d'espace complexe réduit localement de dimension finie et que cet espace représente le foncteur &quot; famille analytique de n-cycles &quot; paramétrée par des ensembles analytiques banachiques.
Haas' theorem revisited
Authors: Bertrand Benoît , Brugallé Erwan , Renaudineau Arthur 
Published: February 2021

Haas' theorem describes all partchworkings of a given non-singular plane tropical curve $C$ giving rise to a maximal real algebraic curve. The space of such patchworkings is naturally a linear subspace $W_C$ of the $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-vector space $\overrightarrow \Pi_C$ generated by the bounded edges of $C$, and whose origin is the Harnack patchworking. The aim of this note is to provide an interpretation of affine subspaces of $\overrightarrow \Pi_C $ parallel to $W_C$. To this purpose, we work in the setting of abstract graphs rather than plane tropical curves. We introduce a topological surface $S_\Gamma$ above a trivalent graph $\Gamma$, and consider a suitable affine space $\Pi_\Gamma$ of real structures on $S_\Gamma$ compatible with $\Gamma$. We characterise $W_\Gamma$ as the vector subspace of $\overrightarrow \Pi_\Gamma$ whose associated involutions induce the same action on $H_1(S_\Gamma,\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})$. We then deduce from this statement another proof of Haas' original result.Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures
Correspondences between convex geometry and complex geometry
Authors: Lehmann Brian , Xiao Jian 
Published: February 2021

We present several analogies between convex geometry and the theory of holomorphic line bundles on smooth projective varieties or K\&quot;ahler manifolds. We study the relation between positive products and mixed volumes. We define and study a Blaschke addition for divisor classes and mixed divisor classes, and prove new geometric inequalities for divisor classes. We also reinterpret several classical convex geometry results in the context of algebraic geometry: the Alexandrov body construction is the convex geometry version of divisorial Zariski decomposition; Minkowski's existence theorem is the convex geometry version of the duality between the pseudo-effective cone of divisors and the movable cone of curves.Comment: EpiGA Volume 1 (2017), Article Nr. 6
On a theorem of Campana and P\u{a}un
Authors: Schnell Christian 
Published: February 2021

Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over the complex numbers, and $\Delta \subseteq X$ a reduced divisor with normal crossings. We present a slightly simplified proof for the following theorem of Campana and P\u{a}un: If some tensor power of the bundle $\Omega_X^1(\log \Delta)$ contains a subsheaf with big determinant, then $(X, \Delta)$ is of log general type. This result is a key step in the recent proof of Viehweg's hyperbolicity conjecture.Comment: 9 pages. Formatted using epigamath.sty