bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДОСВІД ХІРУРГІЧНОЇ СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ ПЕРЕЛОМІВ РЕБЕР
Authors: Мальований В. В. , Війтович Л. Є. , Нестерук С. О. 
Published: December 2021

Еволюція техніки оперативних утручань пройшла шлях від накладання простих фіксуючих дротяних швів під час торакотомії до застосування спеціальних анатомічних металевих пластин. У зв’язку з цим розширювалися і дещо видозмінювалися показання до хірургічного лікування переломів ребер.
Мета – узагальнити досвід металоостеосинтезу ребер при травмі грудної клітки.
Матеріал і методи. На базі відділення торакальної хірургії КНП «Тернопільська університетська лікарня» ТОР за період 2015–2020 рр. проліковано 487 хворих з травмою грудної клітки.
Результати й обговорення. Багато дискусій виникає щодо термінів оперативного втручання для стабілізації переломів ребер. Важливим є детальне передопераційне планування. У 207 пацієнтів проведено МОС ребер за допомогою блокованих компресуючих пластин (LCP) та гвинтів. Ця методика сприяє ранній мобілізації пацієнтів, забезпечуючи стійку фіксацію уламків в умовах постійної рухомості грудної клітки. Контроль над болем та мобілізація грудної клітки є відправними точками у лікуванні ізольованої травми грудної клітки.
Висновки. Основними показаннями до металоостеосинтезу ребер є множинні флотуючі переломи ребер з порушенням каркасності грудної стінки, переломи ребер зі зміщенням уламків, з внутрішньоплевральними ускладненнями, вираженим больовим синдромом, дихальними розладами, а також деформації грудної клітки. Важливим є усунення загрози травмування легеневої паренхіми уламками ребер.
МАТЕМАТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ВИНИКНЕННЯ ПРЕЕКЛАМПСІЇ СЕРЕДНЬОГО СТУПЕНЯ У ЖІНОК ГРУПИ ВИСОКОГО РИЗИКУ РОЗВИТКУ ПІЗНЬОГО ГЕСТОЗУ НА ТЛІ МЕТАБОЛІЧНОГО СИНДРОМУ
Authors: Хміль С. В. , Франчук У. Я. , Маланчук Л. М. , Франчук М. В. 
Published: December 2021

В Україні наявна тенденція до збільшення розвитку ускладнення вагітності пізніми гестозами, тому дослідження методом математичного моделювання прогнозування виникнення прееклампсії середнього ступеня є доцільним та необхідним для спрощення верифікації даної патології.
Мета – розроблення математичної моделі для визначення ймовірності та відсотка прогнозування виникнення прееклампсії середнього ступеня у жінок групи високого ризику розвитку пізнього гестозу на тлі метаболічного синдрому.
Матеріал і методи. На сьогодні, окрім точної діагностики та ефективного лікування прееклампсії з ожирінням, постало питання прогнозування виникнення прееклампсії за допомогою біохімічних маркерів діагностики. Іншими словами, з якою ймовірністю може виникнути прееклампсія середнього ступеня у жінок групи ризику виникнення пізнього гестозу на тлі метаболічного синдрому. Для вирішення завдань такої складності застосували нейронні мережі, або «штучний інтелект».
Результати. Математично доведено, що при наявності протеїнурії, що відповідає діагностичним критеріям прееклампсії легкого ступеня, дефіциту вітаміну D та підвищення рівня інгібіну А, ймовірність розвитку прееклампсії середнього ступеня становить 89 % .
Висновки. У пацієнток віком понад 35 років ризик виникнення прееклампсії середнього ступеня, враховуючи додаткові прогностичні маркери, зокрема вітамін D та інгібін А, зростає ймовірність розвитку даного ускладнення вагітності на тлі метаболічного синдрому.
Subjectivity Viewed as a Process
Authors: Mensch James 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Husserl, in his late manuscripts, made a number of apparently opposing assertions regarding the subject. These assertions are reconciled once we realize that they apply to the different stages of the genesis of the subject. This means that the subject has to be understood as a process – i.e., as continually proceeding from the living present, which forms its core, to the developed self that each of us is. As such, the subject cannot be identified with any of the particular stages of its genesis. The genetic account of its becoming must be understood accordingly. It is not an account that details the progressive acquisition of features that remain as “sedimented layers” of our selfhood. Rather, such layers, like the selfhood they form, exist as part of the ongoing process, the motion, that is our subjectivity. This view, I argue, is Husserl’s final, if undeveloped, insight into the nature of our selfhood.
Fighting Fire with Fire: Thinking Φύσις at the Inception
Authors: Ewegen S. Montgomery 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This essay explores the role of flame in Heidegger’s 1943–44 lectures on Heraclitus (GA 55). Specifically, I trace a tension that unfolds within the text between two flames: namely, “the flames of presumptuous mismeasurement” characteristic of modernity, and the flames of beyng. As I show, in GA 55 Heidegger argues that a certain Seinsvergessenheit has come to dominate the modern world and has resulted in an attitude of hubris on the part of the human being. As a corrective to this hubris, Heraclitus’s thought serves as a reawakening of the meaning of being (as clearing). Heidegger, for reasons which I explore in the essay, understands both the forgetfulness of being, and being itself, in terms of flame. I trace the origins and perimeters of these two flames, marking the character and consequences of this conflict, having recourse to the Heraclitus lectures as well as a number of texts that inform them. I then conclude by broadening the scope of the conflict by examining the role that Christianity plays in fanning the flames of modernity (for Heidegger).
The Spirit in Mark
Authors: Charette Blaine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There are fewer direct references to the Holy Spirit in Mark’s Gospel than in the other gospels. For this reason, there has been much less discussion of the significance of the Spirit to Mark’s theology in comparison with other gospels, particularly Luke and John. Yet in the case of Mark it is not helpful or appropriate to assess the importance of this subject based merely on the frequency of use of certain key terms. Of greater importance is the placement of references to the Spirit within the narrative structure of the Gospel and the manner in which the Spirit is brought into relation to other themes and topics that are central to the interests of the Gospel.
The Spirit in 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra-Nehemiah, and Esther
Authors: Austin Emma M. , Grey Jacqueline 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article explores the ruach in the postexilic books of 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra-Nehemiah, and Esther. First, it examines the six clear (and one ambiguous) references to the Holy Spirit in these texts. It notes the consistent use of earlier ruach traditions that have been adapted by the biblical writers in the Second Temple period to emphasize the continued presence of God’s Spirit with his covenant people. Second, it considers more ambiguous allusions to the Holy Spirit, including the involvement of the divine ruach in the creation and re-creation of the temple and orchestrating human events to accomplish God’s purposes. This study demonstrates that the retrieval of previous ruach traditions were not just adopted but adapted by the biblical writers in this new postexilic context.
The Spirit in 1 Peter, 2 Peter, and Jude
Authors: Skaggs Rebecca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Holy Spirit is central to the message of all three of these epistles. Although 1 Peter includes more details, all three portray the Spirit as the means by which the believer is transformed in God and enabled to participate in the suffering and death of Christ. Finally, the Spirit conveys the blessing/reward for suffering. For the author of 2 Peter (1:20–21), the Spirit conveys prophecy from God through holy men to believers. Jude applies the concept that the Spirit enables the believer to live a godly life, providing the criteria for whether a life is truly Spirit-filled.
The Spirit in Colossians and Philemon
Authors: Beers Holly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Though direct reference to the Spirit is relatively rare in Colossians and Philemon, the functions of the eschatological Spirit are in line with typical Pauline emphases. The Spirit is the one who enables both individuals and the community to love, to understand (and sing) so as to live in line with God’s purposes, and to be unified.
The Spirit in Luke-Acts
Authors: Menzies Robert P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A careful reading of Luke-Acts reveals that there was development in the early church’s understanding of the Spirit’s work. Luke’s pneumatology is different from that of Paul (and John). Unlike Paul, who frequently speaks of the soteriological dimension of the Spirit’s work, Luke consistently portrays the Spirit as a prophetic gift, principally directed toward others and understood as the source of power for service. The soteriological affirmations common to Paul are lacking in Luke-Acts and conflict with Luke’s narrative at various points (Luke 11:13; Acts 8:16, 19:2). Although Luke’s perspective is ultimately harmonious with that of Paul, Luke’s unique contribution to a holistic theology of the Spirit needs to be affirmed. By highlighting Luke’s desire to present Pentecost as a model for his Christian readers, Pentecostals are doing just that.
The Spirit in 2 Corinthians
Authors: Cherian Jacob , Thomas Joe 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Holy Spirit plays an indispensable role in Paul’s configuration of the Christian life. This article briefly examines the significance of the Spirit in Paul’s overall argument in 2 Corinthians. The eleven Spirit texts are explored under three main themes: the Spirit as a seal and deposit; the Spirit and the New Covenant; and the Spirit and the Trinity.
Dematerializing Sovereignties in The Character of Holland and The Loyal Scot
Authors: Fitzhenry William 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper argues that in The Character of Holland and The Loyal Scot, Marvell consistently meditates on the nature of political sovereignty, especially regarding its perils and shortcomings. By ventriloquizing republican propaganda and monarchical ideology in these poems, Marvell creates a space where he can stage and then dematerialize these absolutist forms of power. Marvell demonstrates how the debate regarding union and division in each poem is really an argument about the nature and potential excesses of sovereign power. He does this by constructing a poetics in which his delineations of the political, as well as his own provisional status as an author, call into question the various formations of national identity put forward in these early and late satires. By entangling the political and the aesthetic, Marvell is able to imagine deeper, more abiding kinds of human attachment that transcend national boundaries and limit the exercise of sovereign power.
(De)Constructing the Madonna’s Cloth of Honor
Authors: Zirpolo Lilian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present study centers on pieced textiles included in Marian paintings of the Proto-Renaissance era rendered in Tuscany. The complex geometric patterns of these cloths mimic those found in the Islamic textiles that were then being imported into Europe, consumed by the aristocracy, and later imitated by Italian cloth makers. On a basic level, their colors and patterning reference the virtues of the Virgin, her mission to bring about the Incarnation of Christ, her selflessness, virtuous character, and majesty. They also contribute to her humanization since these are material objects that belonged in the aristocratic domestic setting and which were familiar to the patrons who paid for the works. On a deeper level, they provide complex layers of meaning, some of which derive from Moorish iconography. They reference the perfection of God’s creation and the promise of an affable afterlife. They also evoke the remote lands where the lives of the Virgin and Christ unfolded. By inserting pieced cloths into Marian iconography, artists were following a long established tradition of utilizing the piecing technique in Early Medieval sacred practice, an issue that until now has not been recognized.
The State, Crisis, and Working-Class Strategy in Antonio Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks
Authors: Bernstein Aaron 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article conducts a philological and diachronic reconstruction of the emergence and progressive formation of Gramsci’s theory of the state in the Prison Notebooks, in the process demonstrating its organic nexus with a specific conception of the nature and dynamics of crises, and its implications for working-class strategy in the struggle to construct a hegemonic alternative to the capitalist state. On the basis of this analysis, it seeks to extract the contemporary relevance of Gramsci’s theory of the integral state, political crises and his strategic proposal of the war of position for our contemporary global conjuncture, defined by the simultaneous existence of multiple interlocking crises – economic, public health, ecological and social.
Labour in Pandemic Capitalism
Authors: Antunes Ricardo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article aims to point out some of the main destructive trends in relation to the working class that, although not caused by the covid-19 pandemic, are being widely intensified amid this health crisis. Thus, the intention is to show that the antisocial metabolism of the capital system has been developing ‘laboratories’ to experiment with labour, driven by large corporations and digital platforms, of which ‘Uberised work’ and remote working from home are examples, and that these trends have tended to expand in the post-pandemic period, further aggravating the precarious conditions of the working class on a global scale. Long working hours, intense forms of exploitation and the complete lack of labour rights constitute some of the main proofs of these precarious conditions, resulting in the elimination of large sectors of the working class that have become superfluous and disposable, thus increasing unemployment.
Organic Crisis, Integral State, Passive Revolution: Twilight of the Neoliberal Order?
Authors: McKay Ian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A reconnaissance of the 2020 pandemic begins by registering the moments of refusal and supersedure, demonstrating the extent to which it seemed to many to be an organic (transformational) crisis re-ordering neoliberal capitalism’s fundamental elements. Vaccine development and debates over lockdowns illustrate the emergence of a neoliberal integral state, one in which the lines between government, industry and finance are blurred to the point of invisibility. Yet the pandemic also suggests that such states are hobbled as effective organisers of hegemony by their incapacity to safeguard the lives and interests of the people they purportedly represent and to break with imperial patterns of global dominance. Passive revolutionary attempts to contain revolutionary critiques and activism are to be expected; yet they may not succeed, given that the covid-19 pandemic arose from the environmental consequences of the global processes of capitalist accumulation neoliberals defend. The ‘next left’ has an opening, provided it soberly addresses the crisis of the neoliberal order and develops a convincing strategy for overcoming it.
covid-19 and the Role of the State: Evidence from Keren, Eritrea
Authors: Okubaghergis Biyan Ghebreyesus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The covid-19 pandemic has caused the worst socio-economic disruption since World War ii. From the integral state perspective, this article explores the Eritrean government’s pandemic response and the ramifications for its people. The study seeks to understand the measures taken by the government to contain the virus and their immediate impact on the residents of the city of Keren, using individual stories, in-depth interviews, participant observations, media sources, and archival resources gathered from local and national resource centres in Eritrea between March and July 2020. According to the findings, the state’s main measures were restricting large gathering, maintaining complete or partial lockdowns, quarantining persons who might be infected, closing non-essential shops and stores, setting up hotline services, and running massive media campaigns. However, these measures hurt the livelihoods of the majority of residents, leaving many households without any way to earn a living.
Bolsonaro: A Ridiculous Caesar?
Authors: Gontijo Caio , Ramos Leonardo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, we aim to set out an appropriate interpretation for the historical form that the Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro embodies and the context that made his presidency possible. We propose a discussion on the level of ideology, although conceived from a material and historical background and integrated into a context of hegemonic dispute that presupposes ideology but which is not identical to it. We analyse the constituent elements of this ideology and its particularities, based on the Gramscian concept of ‘Caesarism’ and the notion of ‘corrosive ridicule’. Finally, we outline probable future developments for social conflict and crisis in Brazil during the coronavirus pandemic.
Autonomic cardiovascular response during and after a graded exercise test in concussed athletes and healthy controls
Authors: Ventura Alessandra , Romano Fausto , Bizzini Mario , Palla Antonella , Feddermann Nina 
Published: December 2021

Objective Dysfunction of the autonomic cardiovascular system after a concussion is known to cause exercise intolerance due to symptoms exacerbation. The aim of this study was to compare athletes with symptoms of a sport-related concussion and healthy controls with regard to their heart rate during a graded exercise test and their heart rate recovery during the 5 min cool-down after the graded exercise test. Methods Sport-related concussion patients ( N = 61; 31% female) and controls ( N = 16; 50% female) participated in a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer followed by 5 min active cool-down. Based on the results of graded exercise tests they were divided into four groups: (1) patients who reached the symptom threshold and had to stop the graded exercise test (symptom threshold; N = 39; 33.3% female), (2) patients with symptoms who finished the graded exercise test (S; N = 16; 25% female), (3) patients without symptoms (NS; N = 6; 33.3% female), (4) controls ( N = 16; 50% female). Main outcome measures Heart rate, severity of headache and dizziness during graded exercise test, heart rate recovery (median (heart rate recoveries/maximal heart rate) ± median absolute deviation (MAD)) 30, 60 and 300 s after the start of cool-down. Results Heart rate recovery at 30 s was significantly slower in symptom (0.95 ± 0.01) compared to all other groups ( p < 0.002; symptom threshold: 0.92 ± 0.02, NS: 0.91 ± 0.02, controls: 0.93 ± 0.02). Heart rate recovery at 60 s was significantly slower in symptom (0.90 ± 0.02) compared to the symptom threshold and controls ( p < 0.041; 0.86 ± 0.03, 0.85 ± 0.04). Heart rate recovery at 300 s was significantly slower in symptom threshold (0.72 ± 0.05) compared to controls ( p = 0.003; 0.66 ± 0.02). Conclusions Heart rate measurements in athletes with symptoms of sport-related concussion should be continued during cool-down after the graded exercise test, as dysfunction of the autonomic cardiovascular system might manifest also during cool-down.
Pediatric tizanidine toxicity reversed with naloxone: a case report
Authors: Bader Doaa , Adam Ahmed , Shaban Mohamed , Alyahya Bader 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Tizanidine, an α-2 adrenoceptor agonist, is widely prescribed for the management of spasticity in adults. Case reports on pediatric tizanidine overdose are limited. Here, we report a case of pediatric tizanidine toxicity that was reversed with naloxone.

Case presentation
A 3-year-old male presented to the emergency department with lethargy, bradycardia, and bradypnea after accidental ingestion of multiple tizanidine tablets. Improvements in the level of consciousness and respiratory and heart rates were observed after two intravenous administrations of naloxone at a dose of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively.

Conclusions
This case report provides further evidence regarding the use of naloxone as a viable antidote for centrally acting α-2 receptor agonists and presents additional epidemiologic data on childhood tizanidine poisoning.
Molecular characterization of equine thymidine kinase 1 and preliminary evaluation of its suitability as a serum biomarker for equine lymphoma
Authors: Wang Liya , Unger Lucia , Sharif Hanan , Eriksson Staffan , Gerber Vinzenz , Rönnberg Henrik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) plays a key role in the synthesis of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) and is thus important for DNA replication and cell proliferation. The expression of TK1 is highest during S-phase, and it is rapidly degraded after mitosis. In cancer cells, TK1 is upregulated, resulting in leakage of excess TK1 into the blood. Consequently, serum TK1 has been used as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker, mainly in human medicine. The aims of this work were to characterize equine TK1 and to evaluate its suitability as a serum biomarker for equine lymphoma.

Results
Equine TK1 was cloned, expressed in E. coli and affinity purified. The purified recombinant horse TK1 showed broad substrate specificity, phosphorylating pyrimidine deoxyribo- and ribonucleosides and, to some extent, purine deoxynucleosides, including anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analogues. ATP was the preferred phosphate donor. Serum TK1 activity was measured in samples collected from horses with confirmed or suspected lymphoma and control horses with and without concurrent diseases. Serum TK1 activity levels were significantly higher in horses with lymphoma (p <  0.0005) and suspected lymphoma (p <  0.02) and in tumour-free groups with diverse diseases (p <  0.03) than in controls without concurrent diseases. There was a significant difference between the lymphoma group and the tumour-free group with diverse diseases (p <  0.0006). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a sensitivity of 0.86, a specificity of 0.95 and an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.92 compared to the controls without concurrent diseases, with a sensitivity of 0.97, a specificity of 0.71 and an AUC of 0.88 when compared with the tumour-free group with diverse diseases.

Conclusion
Equine TK1 showed high specific activity and broader substrate specificity than human TK1. Anticancer and antiviral thymidine analogues were efficiently phosphorylated by horse TK1, suggesting that these analogues might be good candidates for chemotherapy in horses. Serum TK1 activity was significantly higher in horses with lymphoma than in controls. ROC analysis indicated that serum TK1 could serve as a promising cancer biomarker in horses.