bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fear of Missing Out among University Students: A Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Phuyal Anish , Saxena Akanksha , Grover Shivani , Jangra Mandeep Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
Fear of missing out (FOMO) is a universal fear that someone else is doing something enjoyable that they are not. It is a growing phenomenon among college students, with many of them constantly checking their phones. The aim of the current study is to investigate the FOMO among university students.

Materials and Methods:
A study was conducted with a convenience sample of 323 young adults recruited through online platforms such as Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat. The survey utilized Google Forms, which included informed consent and both the FOMO Scale (a 15-item self-report measure) and the Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMAS-SF) consisting of 29 items. Participants rated their agreement with each item on a 5-point Likert scale.

Results:
Three hundred and twenty-three students (190 female and 132 male) responded out of 609 for a response rate of 53.03%. The majority of participants (42%) had a FOMO score between 21–30 and 11–20 (40%). The majority of participants (59%) had an SMAS-SF score between 60 and 89, whereas 27% had a score between 90 and 119. Only 1% of participants had a score between 120 and 145. These results suggest that social media addiction is also a common problem among university students.

Conclusion:
Excessive smartphone and social media usage, particularly in times of isolation, can give rise to negative outcomes such as FOMO and social comparison, underscoring the importance of promoting healthy digital habits and implementing interventions for overall well-being.
Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects of Achillea filipendulina L. against colon cancer
Authors: Tunç Tutku , Akın Şeyda , Aykaç Okan , Hepokur Ceylan , Duran Serap , Özpınar Hülya 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
To investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects of Achillea filipendulina.

Methods:
Phytochemical content was analyzed by GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was assayed by DPPH, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and iron reduction tests. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the MIC assay. Anticancer activity was detected via MTT assay, followed by analysis of the apoptotic process using annexin V and caspase 3/7. miR-519d and Dvl-1 expression were assessed by RT-PCR, and molecular docking analysis was also performed.

Results:
The ethanol extract of Achillea filipendulina showed the strongest anticancer effect. A significant increase in miR-519d expression was observed in HT29 cells, while a decrease in Dvl-1 expression was noted. DPPH, FRAP, total antioxidant status, and total oxidant assays showed high antioxidant activity. The hexane and ethanol extracts were effective against Streptococcus mutans (MIC<50 µg/mL), while the ethanol extract was effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans (MIC<50 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies also confirmed that ethanol extracts could act on the Wnt pathway. GC-MS analysis showed high level of eucalyptol and borneol content in the extract.

Conclusions:
Ethanol extract of Achillea filipendulina has anticancer effect and can be used in colon cancer treatments.
Trauma Triage Knowledge and Skills among Emergency Medical Services Providers at Selected Armed Forces Hospitals, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharthi Theeb Mastour 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Emergency medical service (EMS) providers function in a challenging prehospital and in-hospital environment where they are required to have sufficient trauma triage (TT) knowledge and skills to reduce under-triage and improve future patients chances of survival. This study aimed to assess the TT knowledge and skills among EMS providers at selected Armed Forces Hospitals.

METHODS:
This quantitative study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted at four Armed Forces Hospitals in the Makkah region (King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital in Jeddah City, Prince Mansoor, Prince Sultan, and Alhada Armed Forces Hospitals in Taif City) from July to December 2023. A sample of 72 EMS providers were recruited as study participants, and the tools used for the study included sociodemographic profile, knowledge, and triage skills. Data analysis was carried out by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

RESULTS:
The total average score of knowledge was 67.4% and 59.7% of respondents had high TT skills. More than half of the respondents were aged 30–39 years, and 39 (54.2%) of the participants had a bachelor’s degree in EMS. Moreover, approximately 45 (62.5%) of the participants had more than 5 years of work experience.

CONCLUSION:
The study revealed that TT knowledge was at a moderate level, the majority of EMS providers had high skills in TT assessment, and there were some shortcomings among respondents in determining the priority for triaging some injuries.
To assess dietary habits and associated risk factors among medical students in North Delhi: A major health concern
Authors: Ahlawat Pooja , Dwivedi Archana , Dwivedi Nidhi , Mahuar Gunjan , Singh Kamaljeet , Mahaur Mridul , Sharma Soumit , Jain Akshita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Medical students are expected to have good dietary habits and to maintain a healthy lifestyle considering their increased knowledge regarding healthy and balanced diets. Although medical students possess high knowledge about healthy dietary habits, they do not practice these habits.

Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the dietary habits and risk factors associated with poor dietary habits among medical students.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study using the complete enumeration sampling method was conducted on medical students of North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital. A pre-designed pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect student data. To assess dietary habits, the World Health Organization-STEPwise approach to the noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance questionnaire was modified and used. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21).

Results:
Among the study participants, 31.3% of male students and 31.6% of female students had good dietary habits. Furthermore, 42.7% of the students consumed two main meals a day, whereas only 4.7% consumed one main meal a day. Of the study participants, 47% did not eat meals at regular intervals. Moreover, 41% consumed snacks between the main meals. Most medical students (90.2%) consumed fast food. It was found that 58.2% of the students consumed fruits and vegetables at least once daily. Residence and alcohol consumption were strong predictors of dietary habits. The findings of this study revealed that poor dietary habits were significantly associated with poor-quality sleep.

Conclusion:
Although medical students possess high knowledge about healthy dietary habits, they do not practice these habits.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Chen Chieh , Liao Da-Ming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As the prevalence of obesity increases globally, the incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) also increases in both developed and developing countries. However, the MASLD phenotype remains unclear, with many unknown reasons. Since Ludwig and others coined the term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in 1980, with our in-depth understanding of this condition, we gradually realized that its definition is complicated, mainly because of metabolic dysfunction. The heterogeneity of fatty liver disease and the related factors vary between individuals. The clinical manifestations and course of MASLD may be affected by multiple factors, including age, sex, race, diet, genetics, intestinal microorganisms, and environment. This study mainly searched for articles published in databases such as Cochrane Library, PubMed (Medline), UpToDate, and Google Scholar, using keywords related to digestive disease, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Case–control studies, systematic review, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials were also searched to explore the epidemiology and prevention of obesity or MASLD and to propose risk factors for MASLD, considering that early prevention keeps an unhealthy condition from progressing to serious chronic diseases.
Cognitive function in community-dwelling older people in central Taiwan
Authors: Chuang Hui-Chu , Huang Shang-Chien , Chang Yu-Jung , Hsieh Po-Chun , Chiu Yi-Wen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
With the increasing aging population, cognitive impairment in older individuals has become a social concern, making it a common health issue.

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the cognitive function of community-dwelling older individuals and subsequently explore the contributing factors.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study, including 150 individuals aged 65 years and older. The cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and CogMate™. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS 24.0.

Results:
Most participants were female, accounting for 80%. The average age of the participants was 74.90 ± 6.60 years. Furthermore, 70% of the participants had an educational level of elementary school or below. Among the participants, 62% and 66.7% exhibited cognitive impairment based on the MMSE and CogMate™ assessments, respectively. Age, educational level, marital status, and health condition were common factors influencing the MMSE and CogMate™ scores.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of cognitive impairment is high among community-dwelling older individuals. The results of the MMSE and CogMate™ assessments were comparable. The cognitive function of community-dwelling older individuals should be regularly assessed to facilitate early detection and provide suitable medical care intervention and supportive counseling, thereby enhancing their quality of life.
Myofascial pain disorder: A narrative review
Authors: Chen Chieh , Liao Da-Ming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The term “myofascial pain” was first coined by American researcher Dr. Travell in 1952. Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial contraction. MPS has received much attention from physicians. With the available treatment options, patients should be encouraged to face their fear and actively cooperate in their treatment to promptly eliminate painful trigger points and treat MPS. Scientific and standardized exercise, excellent living habits, and early therapy are key to early recovery from MPS.
Epstein–Barr virus-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the liver: A case report
Authors: Jin Jong-Shiaw , Hsueh Kuan-Chun , Lee Cheng-Chun , Tsao Tang-Yi , Gao Hong-Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A 59-year-old female presented with a 1-year history of epigastric pain, vomiting, and acid regurgitation. Initial evaluation indicated peptic ulcer disease, and subsequent imaging identified a liver mass. Histopathological analysis confirmed an Epstein–Barr virus-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. This case report discusses the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, differential diagnoses, and surgical management of this rare neoplasm, along with a review of similar cases in the literature.
Perception about community medicine: A mixed-method study among 1st year MBBS entrants of a private medical college of eastern India
Authors: Nayak Rosy , Mohapatra Ipsa , Sahoo Priyaranjan , Sarkar Avinandan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The introduction of Community Medicine (CM) into medical curriculum dates back to 1955; from imparting training as a comprehensive healthcare provider, to the current National Medical Commission (NMC) goals of creating a physician of primary contact, the importance of the subject needs to be oriented to the students. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of 1st-year Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students about the subject CM.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted in a medical college in Eastern India; the college has an intake of 250 students annually. After ethics approval, using an embedded quantitative and qualitative mixed-method study design, data were collected, using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, having sections on demographic information, and perception about CM, with both open-ended and closed-ended (a three-point Likert scale (Agree – 1, Don’t know – 2, and Disagree – 3) questions. Quantitative data were expressed as means, frequencies, and percentages and qualitative data as thematic content analysis. The data were analyzed using Epi Info software, version 7.3.2 (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA).

Results:
Of the total 250 students, 237 participated, with a response rate of 94.8%. Their mean age was 19.03 ± 1.21 standard deviation years, and 45.57% were males. Four major themes emerged from the content analysis of perception – “treatment,” “prevention and awareness generation,” “community outreach,” and “health-workforce training.” Fifteen subthemes surfaced beneath the main themes. 96.20% had a positive attitude toward the subject; females had a better perception.

Conclusion:
Study findings showed that although there were a few negative perceptions about the subject, the majority had a positive one, signaling a welcome change. This goes in favor of the vision of NMC to have added the family-adoption program, help them to come in closer contact with the communities, learn to communicate with them, understand their health needs, and thereby become better doctors.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge, Systems-based practice, Interpersonal and communication skills, and Professionalism.
Prevalence and correlates of self-reported substance use among undergraduate students in a medical college of North India: An observational study
Authors: Dagar Happy , Kumar Mithilesh , Parashar Lokesh , Rana Erika , Tyagi Mansi , Nimbria Gaurav , Handa Kritika , Singla Khushi , Singh Mitasha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Medical education in India has been one of the toughest professional courses. A student away from home has full independence to try new things. Addictive substances are one of them.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of self-reported substance use in the last 6 months among apparently healthy undergraduate medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital and medical college located in Faridabad, Haryana, among medical undergraduates admitted between 2018 and 2021. Two hundred and twenty-four students were approached using stratified random sampling. Stratification was done according to the year of admission of students. Self-reported use of any substance in the last 6 months was the outcome variable.

Results:
The prevalence of self-reported substance use in the last 6 months among the medical undergraduate students was 27.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.7–33.3). Alcohol was used by majority (91.9%; 95% CI: 83.2–96.9%), and tobacco use was reported by 38.7% (95% CI: 27.3–51.1%); maximum among prefinal-year students (45.5%). The prevalence of any substance use was higher among those who had a history of use of alcohol in family (58.3% [95% CI: 44.3–72.2]) and those who used any type of substance before joining undergraduate medical course (80% [95% CI: 55.6–94.0]).

Conclusion:
More than one-fourth of students self-reported the use of any substance use. The pocket money obtained by students, their family history of use of alcohol, and male sex were determinants of substance use.
Clinicopathological feature and patterns of care of breast cancer patients in a peripheral tertiary care teaching institute: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Paul Chayan , Paul Bibek , Basu Abhishek 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer is the second-most common cancer worldwide and it is the most frequent cause of death due to cancer in women in India. Management of breast cancer requires multidisciplinary treatment. There are very limited data on clinicopathological features and patterns of care for breast cancer in resource-constrained area.

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to describe the clinicopathological feature of breast cancer and patterns of care provided to breast cancer patients in a peripheral tertiary care teaching institute catering to a rural population.

Methods:
A retrospective cross-sectional study including 252 histologically proven breast cancer patients was done from January 2022 to December 2022. Clinical characteristics, diagnostic, treatment details, and patterns of care of individual patients were reviewed and compiled in a case record form and the data were analyzed.

Results:
Two hundred and fifty-two patients were included in the study. 90.9% of patient has infiltrating duct carcinoma. The median age of presentation is 46 years. 50.8% were postmenopausal. The left breast was involved in 56.7%. 47.6% had locally advanced disease and 9.5% had metastatic disease at presentation. 2.4% of patients had a positive family history, and only 45.6% of patients had known immunohistochemistry (IHC) status out of which 46.9% were estrogen receptor positive, 40% were progesterone receptor positive, 13% were Her 2 neu positive, and 46.9% were triple-negative breast cancer. 88.9% of patients underwent Modified Radical Mastectomy.

Conclusions:
Although breast cancer remains a major clinical problem in India, there are wide disparities in patterns of care among urban fully equipped state-of-the-art centers and peripheral centers catering majorly to a rural population. Our audit shows the majority of patients presenting with advanced disease, not having an IHC report and undergoing mastectomy which reflects both lack of screening, awareness as well as resource constraints that can challenge the delivery of optimal care.
A Comparative Study on Fixation of Unstable Lateral End Clavicle Fractures with Tightrope and Endobutton by Transcoracoid and Subcoracoid Cerclage Techniques
Authors: Kumar M. Kishor , Mylarappa Akshay 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of patients treated with transcoracoid and subcoracoid cerclage techniques of fixation by tightrope and endobutton for lateral one-third clavicle fractures.

Materials and Methods:
Fourteen patients with lateral end clavicle fractures were operated either by transcoracoid technique (n = 8) or by subcoracoid cerclage technique (n = 6). Preoperatively, the variables of the patients including age, gender, side, and mechanism of injury Neer’s classification type were collected. The patients were followed up at 6 months and 1 year, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and subjective shoulder value (SSV) were analyzed along with range of motion and radiographic evaluation.

Results:
The clinical outcome at the end of 1 year was compared between the transcoracoid and subcoracoid cerclage techniques. The final coracoclavicular displacement at the end of 1 year was not significant (14.5 ± 1.6 mm and 14.33 ± 1.3 mm; P = 0.84). There was no significant difference in terms of final VAS score (1.38 ± 1.5 and 0.83 ± 0.9; P = 0.46), final ASES score (92.11 ± 3.4 and 93.68 ± 3.7; P = 0.37), final SSV % (89.83 ± 4.9 and 90.83 ± 3.7; P = 0.56), flexion (130° ± 15° and 135° ± 17°; P = 0.58), external rotation (65° ± 7° and 66° ± 5°; P = 0.65), and abduction (132° ± 21° and 146° ± 26°; P = 0.29), respectively.

Conclusion:
The functional and radiological outcomes of both surgical techniques did not show any significant difference, but marginally, better outcome was seen in the subclavicular technique. However subcoracoid technique may be considered superior in terms of better biomechanical strength, less complications, and lower cost.
Endoscopic Decompression for Haglund’s Deformity: Outcomes and Efficacy
Authors: Kapoor Rajat , Sharma Brijesh , Pal Chandra Prakash , Sharma Yashvardhan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Haglund’s deformity, a bony prominence on the back of the heel, can cause significant pain and functional limitations. Endoscopic decompression has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery for addressing this condition. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and efficacy of endoscopic decompression for Haglund’s deformity.

Methodology:
A prospective observational study was conducted on 30 patients with Haglund’s deformity who underwent endoscopic decompression. Preoperative assessments included clinical evaluation, radiographic imaging, and functional outcome scores (AOFAS, Maryland Foot Score, and Visual Analog Scale [VAS]). Patients were followed up at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively, with outcomes assessed using the same measures.

Results:
The study demonstrated significant improvements in functional outcomes and pain reduction following endoscopic decompression. AOFAS scores improved from a baseline of 62.3 to 96.3 at 6 months, and Maryland Foot Scores increased from 74.1 to 98.2. VAS pain scores decreased substantially from 7.2 to 0.8. These improvements were sustained at 1-year follow-up. No major complications were reported.

Conclusion:
Endoscopic decompression for Haglund’s deformity is a safe and effective procedure that provides significant pain relief and functional improvement. This minimally invasive technique offers a promising alternative to open surgery, with the potential to enhance patients’ quality of life.
Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Pregnant Women with Different Types of Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Authors: Ejam Zainab Y. , Adem Şevki , Gatea Asmaa Kadhim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for the implantation of a fertilized egg and for the development of placental blood vessels. This study was conducted to detect the serum VEGF level of pregnant with different types of assisted reproductive techniques in relation to the age group, body mass index (BMI), and type of infertility.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of serum VEGF in different types of assisted pregnancy.

Materials and Methods:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for the detection of VEGF levels in the serum of pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy with a spontaneous pregnancy (SP), pregnant women by intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF), in comparison with nonpregnant women (NP).

Results:
A highly significant increase was seen in the serum VEGF within the different studied pregnant groups compared to that of NP and no difference between IUI and IVF (P < 0.01). Statistical analysis showed a nonsignificant relation between the VEGF serum levels and the increase in age or BMI (P > 0.05). No significant differences were seen in VEGF serum levels between pregnant women with primary or secondary types of infertility (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the serum of VEGF in IUI and IVF comparison to SP groups, whereas there is no difference between IUI and IVF. Age, BMI, and type of infertility showed no significant effect on serum VEGF levels.