bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional pericarditis following uncomplicated catheter ablation procedure: a case report
Authors: Davtyan Karapet V , Topchyan Arpi H , Mershina Elena A , Sinitsyn Valentin E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Acute post-ablation pericarditis is the most common complication of epicardial ablation of ventricular arrhythmias, while regional pericarditis following an initially uneventful endocardial catheter ablation (CA) procedure is a rare and elusive diagnosis.

Case summary
We report a case of a 66-year-old Russian female who developed chest pain accompanied by electrocardiogram (ECG) changes—biphasic T waves in V1–V4 leads after an initially uncomplicated premature ventricular complex CA procedure. After examination and investigations, including transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and cardiac computed tomography (CCT), she was diagnosed with regional pericarditis, which occurred even though the ablation was uneventful with the limited number of radiofrequency applications. Furthermore, the diagnosis was difficult due to normal body temperature and the absence of pericardial effusion and myocardial abnormalities on TTE, findings that are not characteristic of pericarditis. The patient’s last office visit was in 6 months after the procedure. Neither patient had any complaintsnor there were any changes on ECG and TTE.

Discussion
Regional post-ablation pericarditis is a relatively rare type of post-cardiac injury syndrome (PCIS). The varying severity of the PCIS clinical course makes the diagnosis of post-ablation pericarditis initially difficult, especially in patients undergoing an uneventful CA procedure. Non-invasive imaging modalities as CMR and CCT should be considered initially in elusive cases of PCIS.
Ischaemic and bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation with and without peripheral artery disease and efficacy and safety of full- and half-dose edoxaban vs. warfarin: insights from ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48
Authors: Bonaca Marc P , Antman Elliott M , Cunningham Jonathan W , Wiviott Stephen D , Murphy Sabina A , Halperin Jonathan L , Weitz Jeffrey I , Grosso Michael A , Lanz Hans J , Braunwald Eugene , Giugliano Robert P , Ruff Christian T 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with higher rates of stroke and bleeding. Both higher dose edoxaban (60/30 mg) and lower dose edoxaban (30/15 mg) were non-inferior to warfarin for stroke and systemic embolism (SSE) and significantly reduced major bleeding in AF patients in the global study to assess the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban vs standard practice of dosing with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48) trial. Whether the efficacy and safety of these dosing strategies vs. warfarin are consistent in patients with AF and PAD has not been described.

Methods and results
Of 21 105 patients with AF randomized to warfarin, edoxaban 60/30 mg, or edoxaban 30/15 mg, 841 were identified with PAD. Endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), SSE, and major bleeding. Patients with PAD had higher risk of MACEs [adjusted hazard ratio (HRadj) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–1.57, P = 0.001] and cardiovascular (CV) death (HRadj 1.49, 95% CI 1.21–1.83, P &lt; 0.001) than those without PAD, but not major bleeding. The efficacy of edoxaban 60/30 mg vs. warfarin was consistent regardless of PAD (SSE HR; PAD 1.16, 95% CI 0.42–3.20; no-PAD 0.86, 95% CI 0.74–1.02, P-interaction 0.57) as was major bleeding (PAD 0.96, 95% CI 0.54–1.70; no-PAD 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.91, P-interaction 0.54). Edoxaban 30/15 mg was inferior for SSE, with significant heterogeneity when stratified by PAD status (P-interaction 0.039).

Conclusion
Patients with AF and PAD are at heightened risk of MACEs and CV death vs. those without PAD. The efficacy and safety of edoxaban 60/30 mg vs. warfarin in AF are consistent regardless of PAD; however, edoxaban 30/15 mg is inferior for stroke prevention in AF patients with PAD.
Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00781391
Efficacy and safety of lomitapide in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the pan-European retrospective observational study
Authors: D’Erasmo Laura , Steward Kim , Cefalù Angelo Baldassare , Di Costanzo Alessia , Boersma Eric , Bini Simone , Arca Marcello , van Lennep Jeanine Roeters ,   the Italian and European Working Group on Lomitapide in HoFH, D’Erasmo Laura , Cefalù Angelo Baldassare , Di Costanzo Alessia , Bini Simone , Giammanco Antonina , Averna Maurizio , Iannuzzo Gabriella , Fortunato Giuliana , Gentile Marco , Puja Arturo , Montalcini Tiziana , Pavanello Chiara , Calabresi Laura , Vigna Giovanni Battista , Bucci Marco , Bonomo Katia , Nota Fabio , Sampietro Tiziana , Sbrana Francesco , Suppressa Patrizia , Sabbà Carlo , Fimiani Fabio , Cesaro Arturo , Calabrò Paolo , Ventura Fulvio , D’Addato Sergio , Pisciotta Livia , Bertolini Stefano , Arca Marcello , Kolovou Genovefa , Liberopoulos Evangelos , Daphnis Eugene , van Lennep Jeanine Roeters , Rutten Joost , Boersma Eric , Steward Kim , Vogt Anja , Cegla Jaimini , Walji Shahenaz , Kayikcioglu Meral , Real José , Martínez-Hervás Sergio , Ellis Avishay , Littmann Karin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Lomitapide is a lipid-lowering agent indicated as an adjunct therapy for adult homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH). This study evaluated the medium-term effectiveness and safety of lomitapide in a large cohort of HoFH patients in Europe.

Methods and results
In a multicentre retrospective, observational study including 75 HoFH patients treated with lomitapide in a real-world clinical setting from 9 European countries, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) changes, adverse events (AEs), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were assessed. After a median 19 months (interquartile range 11–41 months) of treatment with a mean dosage of 20 mg of lomitapide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased by 60%, from baseline 280.5 mg/dL (191.8–405.0 mg/dL) to 121.6 mg/dL (61.0–190.5 mg/dL). At the last visit, 32.0% of patients achieved LDL-C &lt;100 mg/dL and 18.7% &lt;70 mg/dL. At baseline, 38 HoFH patients were receiving LDL apheresis (LA), but after initiation of lomitapide 36.8% of patients discontinued LA. During follow-up, lomitapide was permanently interrupted in 13% of patients. Gastrointestinal AEs occurred in 40% and liver transaminases increased (3–5 × upper limits of normal) in 13% of patients. Among patients with liver ultrasound evaluation (n = 45), a modest increase in hepatic steatosis was noted during treatment; however, liver stiffness measured by elastography in 30 of them remained within the normal range. Among HoFH patients exposed to lomitapide for at least 2 years, MACE incident rate was 7.4 per 1000 person-years in the 2 years after as compared to 21.2 per 1000 person-years before treatment with lomitapide.

Conclusion
In this medium-term real-world experience, lomitapide proved to be very effective in reducing LDL-C in HoFH. Gastrointestinal AEs were common, but liver safety was reassuring with no sign of increased risk of liver fibrosis. A signal of cardiovascular protection was also observed.
Contributions from lithospheric and upper-mantle heterogeneities to upper crustal seismicity in the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Lee Sungho , Saxena Arushi , Song Jung-Hun , Rhie Junkee , Choi Eunseo 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARY
The Korean Peninsula (KP), located along the eastern margin of the Eurasian and Amurian plates, has experienced continual earthquakes from small to moderate magnitudes. Various models to explain these earthquakes have been proposed, but the origins of the stress responsible for this region's seismicity remain unclear and debated. This study aims to understand the stress field of this region in terms of the contributions from crustal and upper-mantle heterogeneities imaged via seismic tomography using a series of numerical simulations. A crustal seismic velocity model can determine the crustal thickness and density. Upper-mantle seismic velocity anomalies from a regional tomography model were converted to a temperature field, which can determine the structures (e.g. lithospheric thickness, subducting slabs, their gaps, and stagnant features) and density. The heterogeneities in the crustal and upper mantle governed the buoyancy forces and rheology in our models. The modelled surface topography, mantle flow stress, and orientation of maximum horizontal stress, derived from the variations in the crustal thickness, suggest that model with the lithospheric and upper-mantle heterogeneities is required to improve these modelled quantities. The model with upper-mantle thermal anomalies and east–west compression of approximately 50 MPa developed a stress field consistent with the observed seismicity in the KP. However, the modelled and observed orientations of the maximum horizontal stress agree in the western KP but they are inconsistent in the eastern KP. Our analysis, based on the modelled quantities, suggested that compressional stress and mantle heterogeneities may mainly control the seismicity in the western area. In contrast, we found a clear correlation of the relatively thin lithosphere and strong upper-mantle upwelling with the observed seismicity in the Eastern KP, but it is unclear whether stress, driven by these heterogeneities, directly affects the seismicity of the upper crust.
Clonal Hematopoiesis–Associated Gene Mutations in a Clinical Cohort of 448 Patients With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Weber-Lassalle Konstantin , Ernst Corinna , Reuss Alexander , Möllenhoff Kathrin , Baumann Klaus , Jackisch Christian , Hauke Jan , Dietrich Dimo , Borde Julika , Park-Simon Tjoung-Won , Hanker Lars , Prieske Katharina , Schmidt Sandra , Weber-Lassalle Nana , Pohl-Rescigno Esther , Kommoss Stefan , Marmé Frederik , Heitz Florian , Stingl Julia C , Schmutzler Rita K , Harter Philipp , Hahnen Eric 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Cancer patients are at risk of secondary therapy–related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). Acquired blood-specific mutations in clonal hematopoiesis (CH)–associated genes are t-MN risk factors, and their occurrence associated with cancer therapy and age. Patients with ovarian cancer (OC) showed a particularly high prevalence of CH–associated gene mutations, which may additionally be explained by the high proportion of a hereditary disease cause in this cancer entity.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 448 OC patients enrolled in the AGO-TR1 study; 249 were enrolled at primary diagnosis and 199 at platinum-sensitive recurrence. Analyses included the most frequently altered CH–associated genes (ASXL1, DNMT3A, GNAS, JAK2, PPM1D, SF3B1, SH2B3, SRSF2, TET2, TP53). Results were analyzed according to the BRCA1/2 germline (gBRCA1/2) mutation status. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
Advanced age at blood draw and a high number of prior platinum-based chemotherapy lines were risk factors to acquire CH–associated gene mutations, with gene-specific effects observed. Binomial logistic regression suggested increased probabilities for gBRCA1/2 mutation carriers to acquire CH-associated PPM1D and TP53 gene mutations (PPM1D: odds ratio = 4.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.48 to 12.46, P = .007; TP53: odds ratio = 6.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.98 to 53.9, P = .06). This observation was due to a statistically significantly increased number of platinum-based chemotherapy lines in gBRCA1/2 mutation carriers vs noncarriers (PPM1D: mean [SD] = 2.04 [1.27] vs 1.04 [0.99], P &lt; .001; TP53: mean [SD] = 2.83 [1.33] vs 1.07 [1.01], P &lt; .001). No interaction between platinum-based chemotherapy and gBRCA1/2 mutation status with the occurrence of CH–associated gene mutations was observed.

Conclusions
A positive gBRCA1/2 mutation status is not a risk factor to acquire CH–associated gene mutations. OC patients may benefit from monitoring CH–associated gene mutations, especially following carboplatin exposure. Future clinical studies are required to assess whether treatment regimen should be adapted according to individual t-MN risks.
Modulated termination of non-coding transcription partakes in the regulation of gene expression
Authors: Haidara Nouhou , Giannini Marta , Porrua Odil 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPervasive transcription is a universal phenomenon leading to the production of a plethora of non-coding RNAs. If left uncontrolled, pervasive transcription can be harmful for genome expression and stability. However, non-coding transcription can also play important regulatory roles, for instance by promoting the repression of specific genes by a mechanism of transcriptional interference. The efficiency of transcription termination can strongly influence the regulatory capacity of non-coding transcription events, yet very little is known about the mechanisms modulating the termination of non-coding transcription in response to environmental cues. Here, we address this question by investigating the mechanisms that regulate the activity of the main actor in termination of non-coding transcription in budding yeast, the helicase Sen1. We identify a phosphorylation at a conserved threonine of the catalytic domain of Sen1 and we provide evidence that phosphorylation at this site reduces the efficiency of Sen1-mediated termination. Interestingly, we find that this phosphorylation impairs termination at an unannotated non-coding gene, thus repressing the expression of a downstream gene encoding the master regulator of Zn homeostasis, Zap1. Consequently, many additional genes exhibit an expression pattern mimicking conditions of Zn excess, where ZAP1 is naturally repressed. Our findings provide a novel paradigm of gene regulatory mechanism relying on the direct modulation of non-coding transcription termination.
L’exposition aux aliments et la prévention des allergies chez les nourrissons à haut risque
Authors: Abrams Elissa M , Orkin Julia , Cummings Carl , Blair Becky , Chan Edmond S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Un nourrisson est à haut risque d’allergie alimentaire si lui ou un membre de sa famille immédiate présente une affection atopique (comme l’eczéma). Il faut promouvoir et soutenir l’allaitement, quels que soient les enjeux reliés à la prévention des allergies alimentaires, mais chez les nourrissons dont la mère ne peut pas allaiter ou choisit de ne pas le faire, il n’est pas recommandé d’utiliser une préparation en particulier (p. ex., les préparations hydrolysées) pour prévenir les allergies alimentaires. Lorsque les préparations à base de lait de vache sont introduites dans l’alimentation d’un nourrisson, il faut s’assurer de maintenir une ingestion régulière (pas nécessairement plus de 10 mL par jour) pour éviter la perte de tolérance. Chez les nourrissons à haut risque, des données concluantes indiquent que l’introduction précoce d’aliments allergènes (vers l’âge de six mois, mais pas avant l’âge de quatre mois) peut prévenir les allergies alimentaires courantes, notamment les allergies aux arachides et aux œufs. Lorsqu’un aliment allergène a été introduit, il est important d’en maintenir une ingestion régulière (p. ex., quelques fois par semaine) pour maintenir la tolérance. Il est possible d’introduire les aliments allergènes courants sans faire de pause de quelques jours entre chaque nouvel aliment. Par ailleurs, le risque d’une grave réaction lors de la première exposition est très faible chez le nourrisson. Il n’est pas recommandé de procéder au dépistage préventif en cabinet avant d’introduire des aliments allergènes. Aucune recommandation ne peut être formulée pour l’instant sur le rôle des modifications à l’alimentation de la mère pendant la grossesse ou l’allaitement, ou sur les suppléments de vitamine D, d’oméga 3, de prébiotiques ou de probiotiques pour prévenir les allergies alimentaires.
Searching for high-temperature superconductivity: from Mendeleev to Seiberg–Witten via Madelung and beyond
Authors: Kholodenko Arkady L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recently, noticeable progress has been achieved in the area of high-temperature superconductors. Maximum temperatures Tc of 250 K (−23○ C) for LaH10 and 288 K (+15○ C) for CSH8 have been reported at megabar pressures. The highest possible Tcs were achieved by employing hydrides of chemical elements. Empirically, many of these are made of Madelung-exceptional atoms. Here, the theoretical background is provided to explain this observation. The, thus far empirical, Madelung rule controls Mendeleev’s law of periodicity. Although the majority of elements do obey this rule, there are some exceptions. Thus, it is of interest to derive it and its exceptions theoretically in view of experimental findings. As a by-product, such a study yields a plausible explanation of the role of Madelung-exceptional atoms in the design of high-Tc superconductors. Thus far the atoms obeying the Madelung rule and its exceptions have been studied with help of relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations. In this work we reobtain both the rule and the exceptions analytically. The newly developed methods are expected to be of value in quantum many-body theory and, in particular, in the theory of high-Tc superconductivity. Ultimately, the new methods involve some uses of the Seiberg–Witten theory known as the extended Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity. Using results of Sieberg–Witten theory, the difference between Madelung-regular and Madelung-exceptional atoms is explained in terms of the topological transition. The extension of this single-atom result to solids of the respective elements is also discussed.
Association of hidradenitis suppurativa with autoimmune disease and autoantibodies
Authors: Ross Yael , Ballou Stanley 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
There is thought to be an association between hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and autoimmune diseases. This retrospective longitudinal cohort study looked to identify whether certain autoimmune diseases or autoantibody specificities are more closely associated with HS than others and whether such associations are related to the severity of HS.

Methods
Patients were identified using the SlicerDicer search tool in Epic from 1 January 2010 to 15 August 2020. Search criteria included HS diagnosis by ICD-10 code (L73.2) and at least one visit to the dermatology department. Charts were reviewed to determine HS disease severity, treatment modalities, presence of autoimmune disease and autoantibody positivity.

Results
Six hundred and twenty-seven patients were identified. Most patients were female (75.3%) and had obese BMIs (71.1%), but there were no significant demographic differences between HS patients with and without autoimmune diseases. One hundred and one (16.1%) patients in the total cohort had at least one autoimmune disease, most commonly thyroid disease, lupus, psoriasis and IBD. Two hundred and twelve patients were also tested for the presence of autoantibodies. The most common positive autoantibody, found in 54 patients (28.4%), was ANA. Fifty-four patients with more severe HS disease manifestations required biologic medications to treat their HS. Neither HS severity nor biologic treatment was associated with presence of autoimmune disease or positive autoantibodies.

Conclusion
In a large cohort of patients with HS followed longitudinally, autoimmune disorders (especially lupus, psoriasis and IBD) and presence of autoantibodies were more commonly observed than expected in the normal population.
Cognition and driving ability in isolated and symptomatic REM sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Sandness David J , McCarter Stuart J , Dueffert Lucas G , Shepard Paul W , Enke Ashley M , Fields Julie , Mielke Michelle M , Boeve Bradley F , Silber Michael H , St. Louis Erik K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
To analyze cognitive deficits leading to unsafe driving in patients with REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD), strongly associated with cognitive impairment and synucleinopathy-related neurodegeneration.

Methods
Twenty isolated RBD (iRBD), 10 symptomatic RBD (sRBD), and 20 age- and education-matched controls participated in a prospective case-control driving simulation study. Group mean differences were compared with correlations between cognitive and driving safety measures.

Results
iRBD and sRBD patients were more cognitively impaired than controls in global neurocognitive functioning, processing speeds, visuospatial attention, and distractibility (p &lt; .05). sRBD patients drove slower with more collisions than iRBD patients and controls (p &lt; .05), required more warnings, and had greater difficulty following and matching speed of a lead car during simulated car-following tasks (p &lt; .05). Driving safety measures were similar between iRBD patients and controls. Slower psychomotor speed correlated with more off-road accidents (r = 0.65) while processing speed (−0.88), executive function (−0.90), and visuospatial impairment (0.74) correlated with safety warnings in sRBD patients. Slower stimulus recognition was associated with more signal-light (0.64) and stop-sign (0.56) infractions in iRBD patients.

Conclusions
iRBD and sRBD patients have greater selective cognitive impairments than controls, particularly visuospatial abilities and processing speed. sRBD patients exhibited unsafe driving behaviors, associated with processing speed, visuospatial awareness, and attentional impairments. Our results suggest that iRBD patients have similar driving-simulator performance as healthy controls but that driving capabilities regress as RBD progresses to symptomatic RBD with overt signs of cognitive, autonomic, and motor impairment. Longitudinal studies with serial driving simulator evaluations and objective on-road driving performance are needed.
Eligibility for Cervical Cancer Screening Exit: Comparison of a National and Safety Net Cohort
Authors: Mills Jacqueline M. , Morgan Jake R. , Dhaliwal Amareen , Perkins Rebecca B. 
Published: December 2021

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2021;162:308–314)
Implementation of widespread screening has led to a dramatic decrease in cervical cancer rate over the past 30 years. Current screening guidelines by the United States Preventive Services Task Force, American Cancer Society, and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend discontinuation of screening at age 65 years for patients with average risk and prior negative screening or history of total hysterectomy.
Rates of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Gestational Age at Birth in a Danish Population
Authors: Xia Yuntian , Xiao Jingyuan , Yu Yongfu , Tseng Wan-Ling , Lebowitz Eli , DeWan Andrew Thomas , Pedersen Lars Henning , Olsen Jorn , Li Jiong , Liew Zeyan 
Published: December 2021

(Abstracted from JAMA Network Open 2021;4:e2114913)
Gestational age (GA) is associated with brain growth and development. When the duration of gestation is not optimal, a range of adverse health outcomes in the offspring including neuropsychiatric morbidities may occur.
Birth by Cesarean Section and Educational Achievement in Adolescents
Authors: Slykerman Rebecca F. , Li Eileen , Shackleton Nichola , Milne Barry J. 
Published: December 2021

(Abstracted from Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2021;61:386–393)
Evidence suggests that the process for colonizing and stabilizing infant gut microbiota may affect cognitive outcomes later in life, through pathways that connect the gut with the central nervous system. As the fetus's gut undergoes rapid change, so does early brain pathway development.