bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian non-gestational choriocarcinoma: a case report and review of current literature
Authors: Han Ling , Zheng Ai , Chen Yali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor without established treatment. Because of the rarity of Non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma, limited information is available in the literature.Thus, we presented our case and reviewed other cases concerningtheir clinical characteristics, diagnosis, therapeutic effects, and prognoses using the PubMed database.Case presentation: We present a rare case of a patient with Non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma with a dysgerminoma. Moreover, we performed a subsequent literature review.An 11-year-old Chinese girl presented with pain persisting for 20 days and a lump in her lower abdomen. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and postoperative pathological sampling revealed a mixed germ-cell tumor comprising choriocarcinoma and dysgerminoma. Following six cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin, the patient remained recurrence-free after16 months from surgery.Conclusions: The analysis of our and previously reported cases indicated that fertility-sparing surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy might be beneficial for Non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma treatment in adolescent and young female individuals. Longer follow-up periods and further management data are necessary.
Quantum chemical study of reaction mechanism between plutonium and Nitrogen
Authors: Zhao Zhao-Yang , Wang Guo-Liang , Chen Xu-Dan , Qi Chun-Bao , Sun Xin-Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The study of the reaction between plutonium and nitrogen is helpful to further understand the interaction between plutonium and air gas molecules. For the nitridation reaction of plutonium, there is no report on the microscopic reaction mechanism of this system at present. Therefore, the microcospic mechanism of gas phase reaction of Pu with N 2 is studied in this paper based on the density functional theory (DFT) using different functions. In this paper, the geometry of stationary points on the potential energy surface is optimized. In addition, the transition states are verified by the frequency analysis method and the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) method. Finally, we obtain the reaction potential energy curve and the micro reaction pathways. The analysis of reaction mechanism shows that the reaction of Pu with N 2 has two pathways. The pathway-1 (Pu+N 2 →R1→TS1→PuN 2 ) has a T-shaped transition state and the pathway-2 (Pu+N 2 →R 2 →TS 2 →PuN+N) has a L-shaped transition state. Moreover, both transition states have only one virtual frequency. The energy analysis shows that pathway-1 is the main reaction pathway. The nature of the Pu-N bonding evolution along the pathways is studied by atoms in molecules (AIM) and electron localization function (ELF) topological approaches. In order to analyse the role of 5f orbital of plutonium atom in the reaction, the variation of density of state along the pathways is performed. The results show that the 5f orbital makes major contributions to the formation of Pu-N bonds. Meanwhile, the influence of different temperatures on the reaction rate is revealed by calculating the rate constants of the two reaction pathways.
The Effects of Statins on Hyperandrogenism In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen Jianguo , Huan Chaoran , Zhang Tongtong , Gong Wuqing , Deng Xiaofeng , Liu Hua , Liu Jinbo , Guo Yuanbiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Several clinical studies showed that statins were potential to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Through comprehensive search PubMed, EMBASE, the Web of Science, BIOSIS, the ClinialTrails.gov, and the Cochrane Library database up to 14 Feb 2020, we identified the randomized controlled trials about the treatment of statins on hyperandrogenism in PCOS women, and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. The quality of the included studies was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Jadda score. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted to analyze the pooled results. Nine trials included 682 PCOS patients were identified. Statins showed a significant potential to reduce testosterone (SMD=-0.47; 95% CI, -0.76−-0.18; P = 0.002) and dehydroepiandrosterone (SMD=-0.51; 95% CI, -0.97−-0.05; P = 0.03) levels, compared to the control treatments. The cutaneous symptoms hirsutism (SMD=-0.61; 95% CI, -1.13−-0.10; P = 0.02) and acne (SMD=-0.92; 95% CI, -1.49−-0.34; P = 0.002) were significantly improved by statins in PCOS women. Subgroup analysis showed that the two types of statins, and the different control treatments as well, presented no significantly different effect on testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the findings from the meta-analysis. In conclusion, statin treatment could significantly reduce androgen levels and improve cutaneous manifestations of hyperandrogenism of PCOS.
Access to Political Rights in Switzerland: Critique of the Naturalisation Process as a Source of Exclusion
Authors: Boillet Véronique , Demay Clémence 
Published: June 2021

In this article, we analyse and discuss the legal criteria granting access to facilitated naturalisation in Switzerland. Among the possible legal criteria, marriage to a Swiss citizen as a criterion for obtaining citizenship is emblematic of the conservative political background in this country. It is also influenced by gendered stereotypes within the law itself and its application. We argue in favour of a critical approach to the law in order to avoid the erasure of categories of individuals who are relegated to society's margins. In a healthy democracy and judicial system, the law ought to be designed so as to avoid reproducing exclusionary bias. In this regard, we also discuss why acceding to citizenship is a prerequisite for exercising one's political rights and thus, achieving inclusion in Switzerland
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Cet article propose une analyse critique des conditions légales permettant un accès facilité à la naturalisation et donc à l’exercice des droits politiques en Suisse. Parmi celles-ci, l’exigence du mariage avec un citoyen suisse comme critère d'obtention de la citoyenneté est emblématique du contexte politique conservateur suisse. Nous verrons non seulement que cette condition consacre des stéréotypes sexuels dans la loi elle-même, mais également qu’elle en crée de nouveaux lors de son application. Fortes de ce constat, nous proposons une approche critique de la loi visant à éviter la reproduction de préjugés d’exclusion et l'effacement de catégories d’individus.
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Dieser Artikel analysiert und diskutiert die Kriterien für den Zugang zur erleichterten Einbürgerung in der Schweiz. Gerade die Eheschliessung mit einer Schweizerin oder einem Schweizer als Kriterium ist bezeichnend für den konservativen politischen Hintergrund hierzulande. Das Recht und seine Anwendung wird dabei von geschlechtsspezifischen Stereotypen beeinflusst. Wir plädieren für einen kritischen Umgang mit dem Gesetz, um zu vermeiden, dass gewisse Personengruppen an den Rand der Gesellschaft gedrängt werden. In einer gesunden Demokratie sollte das Rechtsystem so gestaltet sein, dass es keine ausgrenzenden Vorurteile reproduziert. In diesem Zusammenhang erörtern wir auch, weshalb der Erwerb der Staatsbürgerschaft eine Voraussetzung für die Ausübung der politischen Rechte und damit für die Verwirklichung der Integration in der Schweiz ist.
Modelling of flexible beam based on ant colony optimization and cuckoo search algorithms
Authors: Ali Siti Khadijah , Fadzilan Mohamad Faisal , Shaari Aida Nur Syafiqah , Hadi Muhamad Sukri , Pek Eek Rickey Ting , Mat Darus Intan Zaurah 
Published: June 2021

Flexible beam structure is usually applied in various fields of engineering and industrial. There are few points of interest using flexible structure and one of the advantages is that its lighter compared to a rigid structure. Besides that, flexible beam also can save cost, reduce energy consumption, and improve operation safety. However, flexible beam structures are too sensitive and susceptible to with unwanted vibration that would cause damage or degradation to the structure system. Hence, to overcome the problem, appropriate modelling and controller for such systems should be developed. Currently, there are plenty of methods that have been developed by researchers to suppress undesired vibration. Based on previous studies, most researchers nowadays use system identification (SI) as a modelling technique to develop a dynamic model of flexible structure via swarm intelligence algorithm (SIA). Therefore, two type of algorithms was used in this work for modelling development of flexible beam structure, which are ant colony optimization (ACO) and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). Based on the comparative results, CSA achieved the lowest mean square error (MSE) value of 6.1547×10-9 meanwhile ACO recorded a MSE of 1.0728×10-8. Moreover, CSA was deduced to be the best model for flexible beam structure because it achieved 95 % confidence level in correlation test and has excellent stability in pole-zero diagram system. Thus, CSA is a suitable algorithm to represent the real behavior of flexible beam structure in a system.
PERFIL DOS CASOS DE SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE: ESTUDO DE SÉRIE TEMPORAL
Authors: Kelle de Sousa Ferreira Francisca , Carine Arruda Rolim Ana , Bonfada Diego 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a incidência, a mortalidade e o perfil dos casos de sífilis congênita no Rio Grande do Norte entre 2014 e 2018. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, quantitativo, ecológico, realizado com dados de sífilis congênita registrados no Sinan.. Resultados: A taxa de incidência e mortalidade por sífilis congênita duplicaram no Estado no período analisado. A maioria das crianças foi diagnosticada com menos de 7 dias após o nascimento, sendo mais predominante em filhos de mães com idade entre 20 e 29 anos, com baixa escolaridade e pardas, que foram diagnosticadas com sífilis recente e que tiveram acesso ao pré-natal. A maioria teve o diagnóstico da sífilis materna durante o pré-natal, mas não realizou tratamento adequado e o parceiro não recebeu tratamento. Conclusões: Os achados apontam para necessidade de estratégias para qualificação da atenção pré-natal com intuito de evitar a transmissão vertical, especialmente nesses grupos mais susceptíveis e vulneráveis.
Palavras-Chave: Sífilis Congênita. Transmissão vertical. Notificação de doenças. Cuidado pré-natal.
Structural Phylogeny of Different Allergens May Reveal Common Epitopic Footprint
Authors: Laha Anubhab , Bandopadhyay Rajib , Panja Anindya Sundar 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The incidence of allergy has been increasing at an alarming rate over the
last few decades.

Objective:
Our present study aims to find out the structurally homologous motifs present in different
proteinaceous allergens.

Methods:
Significant number of protein sequences and their corresponding structures of various
pollen, fungal, bacterial, and food allergens were retrieved and the sequence and structural identity
were analyzed.

Results:
Intra- and inter-sequence along with their structural analysis of the proteinaceous allergens
revealed that no significant relationships exist among them. A few, but not the negligible number
of high structural similarities, were observed within different groups of allergens from fungus,
angiosperms, and animals (Aves and Mammalia).

Conclusion:
Our in silico study on thirty-six different allergens showed a significant level of structural
similarities among themselves, regardless of their sequences.
Utilization of Semi-continuous Algae Culture for the Treatment of Recycled Dairy Lagoon Wash Water
Authors: Schwartz Gregory , Ibekwe Mark , Lundquist Tryg , Murinda Shelton , Murry Marcia 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Utilization of animal wastes in algal culture has proven to be challenging. The
utilization of “free” nutrients has drawn researchers and industry to develop business models that call
for the use of these free nutrients, which comes at a cost. Some of these costs include reduced productivity,
increased contamination, lower value target markets, and lower treatment capabilities (for
wastewater treatment applications). This paper evaluates the impact of dairy lagoon effluent on productivity
and wastewater treatment ability.

Methods:
Screened dairy lagoon wash water was fed to four three square meter outdoor open paddlewheel
algal cultivation reactors. The units were operated semi-continuously for one and a half years.
Seasonal productivity and nutrient uptake rates, for nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) were measured
against wastewater dilution requirements. Seasonal algal species dominance was also recorded.
Wastewater was added at two levels, and the lower level was supplemented with synthetic fertilizer.

Results:
Seasonal N uptake rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.2 grams of N uptake per square meter per day,
while P uptake ranged from 0.17 to 0.3 grams of P per square meter per day depending on season and
Hydraulic Residence Time (HRT). N removal efficiency ranged at 40 to 70% for semicontinuous operation,
depending on HRT, season, and dilution of influent wastewater, which was made up from 1.5% to
13% of the daily water exchange.

Conclusion:
Algal reactors tended to be N limited due to the inability to add enough dairy wastewater
to mitigate the high turbidity and dark color. Treatments with lower levels of added dairy wastewater
tended to show higher nutrient removal. Algal culture from dairy wash water could benefit from a pretreatment
step to reduce turbidity and color, thereby promoting algal growth and productivity.
Tracing the Final Bronze Age–Early Iron Age transition. Groningen Institute of Archaeology settlement excavations in the Sibaritide, 2018-2019
Authors: Van Leusen P.M. , Ippolito F. 
Published: June 2021

We report here on the first two seasons of excavations by the Groningen Institute of Archaeology (the Netherlands) at two settlement sites in the foothill zone of the Sibaritide coastal plain (northern Calabria, Italy). The work is throwing new light on finds assemblages unique to the transitional period of the Final Bronze Age–Early Iron Age, a poorly understood period in southern Italy, and is helping to resolve methodological questions about the interpretation of non-invasive archaeological and geophysical survey data. The finds so far excavated, supported by radiocarbon dates, form one of the first ‘pure’ FBA–EIA transitional assemblages, and thus contribute to fill a significant typochronological hiatus with wider implications for protohistoric archaeology in the region. It is also becoming clear what long-term effects mechanized ploughing has on slope processes and soil profiles typical for the region, knowledge that will help us understand the results of the wider field surveys and geophysical investigations conducted since 2000 in the Raganello River basin.
Patients’ Experiences of Using Skin Self-monitoring Apps With People at Higher Risk of Melanoma: Qualitative Study
Authors: Habgood Emily , McCormack Christopher , Walter Fiona M , Emery Jon D 
Published: June 2021

Background
Melanoma is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia. Up to 75% of melanomas are first detected by patients or their family or friends. Many mobile apps for melanoma exist, including apps to encourage skin self-monitoring to improve the likelihood of early detection. Previous research in this area has focused on their development, diagnostic accuracy, or validation. Little is known about patients’ views and experiences of using these apps.

Objective
This study aims to understand patients’ views and experiences of using commercially available melanoma skin self-monitoring mobile apps for a period of 3 months.

Methods
This qualitative study was conducted in two populations: primary care (where the MelatoolsQ tool was used to identify patients who were at increased risk of melanoma) and secondary care (where patients had a previous diagnosis of melanoma, stages T0-T3a). Participants downloaded 2 of the 4 mobile apps for skin self-monitoring (SkinVision, UMSkinCheck, Mole Monitor, or MySkinPal) and were encouraged to use them for 3 months. After 3 months, a semistructured interview was conducted with participants to discuss their experiences of using the skin self-monitoring mobile apps.

Results
A total of 54 participants were recruited in the study, with 37% (20) of participants from primary care and 62% (34) from secondary care. Interviews were conducted with 34 participants when data saturation was reached. Most participants did not use the apps at all (n=12) or tried them once but did not continue (n=14). Only 8 participants used the apps to assist with skin self-monitoring for the entire duration of the study. Patients discussed the apps in the context of the importance of early detection and their current skin self-monitoring behaviors. A range of features of perceived quality of each app affected engagement to support skin self-monitoring. Participants described their skin self-monitoring routines and potential mismatches with the app reminders. They also described the technical and practical difficulties experienced when using the apps for skin self-monitoring. The app’s positioning within existing relationships with health care providers was crucial to understand the use of the apps.

Conclusions
This study of patients at increased risk of melanoma highlights several barriers to engagement with apps to support skin self-monitoring. The results highlight the wide-ranging and dynamic influences on engagement with mobile apps, which extend beyond app design and relate to broader contextual factors about skin self-monitoring routines and relationships with health care providers.
Discovery of Depression-Associated Factors From a Nationwide Population-Based Survey: Epidemiological Study Using Machine Learning and Network Analysis
Authors: Nam Sang Min , Peterson Thomas A , Seo Kyoung Yul , Han Hyun Wook , Kang Jee In 
Published: June 2021

Background
In epidemiological studies, finding the best subset of factors is challenging when the number of explanatory variables is large.

Objective
Our study had two aims. First, we aimed to identify essential depression-associated factors using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) machine learning algorithm from big survey data (the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2012-2016). Second, we aimed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of multifactorial features in depression using network analysis.

Methods
An XGBoost model was trained and tested to classify “current depression” and “no lifetime depression” for a data set of 120 variables for 12,596 cases. The optimal XGBoost hyperparameters were set by an automated machine learning tool (TPOT), and a high-performance sparse model was obtained by feature selection using the feature importance value of XGBoost. We performed statistical tests on the model and nonmodel factors using survey-weighted multiple logistic regression and drew a correlation network among factors. We also adopted statistical tests for the confounder or interaction effect of selected risk factors when it was suspected on the network.

Results
The XGBoost-derived depression model consisted of 18 factors with an area under the weighted receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86. Two nonmodel factors could be found using the model factors, and the factors were classified into direct (P<.05) and indirect (P≥.05), according to the statistical significance of the association with depression. Perceived stress and asthma were the most remarkable risk factors, and urine specific gravity was a novel protective factor. The depression-factor network showed clusters of socioeconomic status and quality of life factors and suggested that educational level and sex might be predisposing factors. Indirect factors (eg, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) were involved in confounding or interaction effects of direct factors. Triglyceride level was a confounder of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, smoking had a significant risk in females, and weight gain was associated with depression involving diabetes.

Conclusions
XGBoost and network analysis were useful to discover depression-related factors and their relationships and can be applied to epidemiological studies using big survey data.
Engine Power Required When Using a Tractor with a Technology Module
Authors: Sidorov M. V. , Lavrov A. V. , Voronin V. A. , Sidorova A. V. 
Published: June 2021

A shortage of class 2 and class 3 tractors was observed in peasant farms. As a solution to this problem, it was proposed to develop a technological module that would increase the versatility of class 1.4 tractors by transferring them to a higher traction class. (Research purpose) The authors aimed to substantiate the nominal operating power of the engine for a tractor with a technological module. (Materials and methods) To calculate the required power, the authors proposed a method that takes into account the design features of the modular construction of a machine-tractor unit. (Results and discussion) The authors showed that for a modular power unit with a 6K6 wheel arrangement, it is necessary to consider a number of additional factors having an impact on the accuracy of the calculation: firstly, the tractor’s traction and coupling properties depend on the number of driving axles; secondly, the wheel slippage along individual axes is not the same and occurs due to a constructively conditioned kinematic discrepancy in their drive; thirdly, the three-axle transmission efficiency can be determined only as a total indicator of three transmission branches, that is, to drive the tractor front and rear wheels and, separately, to drive the wheels of the technological module. The authors compared the required engine power when using a tractor with ballast and that with a technological module. (Conclusions) It was determined that in order to achieve the maximum traction force of adhesion on the hook when moving to the next higher traction class, it is necessary that the tractor, that the technological module is joint to, has the energy saturation of 2.00-2.41 kilowatts per kilonewton, which corresponds to traction and energy concept tractors whose engine power cannot be realized through traction. It was found that the power saturation of the tractor with the technological module will be equal to 1.59-1.65 kilowatts per kilonewton, which corresponds to the tractor of the traction concept and allows realizing the built-in engine power through traction.
Imagem / Palavra / Imagem
Authors: Saraiva Maria Teresa Kerr 
Published: June 2021

Disputa entre a palavra e a imagem artística. Primazia da primeira. Elementos racionais rígidos, estanques. Fortes entraves. Luta. Aos poucos o ambiente se pacifica. A imagem vai se impondo, vitoriosa, numa harmoniosa e equilibrada dança.