bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the detection method of infrared spectroscopy SVM analysis of coalbed methane
Authors: Zheng Murong , Jiansheng Guo , Yuxi Zhang , Yong Jiang , Zhiguo Yu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Combining infrared spectroscopy with support vector machines (SVMs) is used for coal bed methane (CBM) analysis in measurement-while-drilling systems during coal exploration and development. The main component of CBM is selected to overcome the phenomenon of infrared saturation absorption. At the same time, carbon dioxide gas is also considered, allowing for the formation of infrared spectral data samples with distinct CBM characteristics. Based on these samples, a coal mine gas infrared spectrum analysis model using SVMs is established. By means of experimentation, the method of extracting features from CBM spectral data samples is studied, as well as the influence of the main parameters of the analysis model on the analysis results. Experimental results show that, under the condition of reasonable selection of the sample characteristics of CBM spectral data, the optimization of the analysis model is helpful in eliminating the infrared saturated absorption of methane gas. This approach has both theoretical and practical value for the development of subsequent CBM measuring instruments and the improvement of geological decision-making abilities during the drilling process.
Sea Surface Target Detection Technology: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Development Trends
Authors: Zhang Jiayu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As the largest geographical feature on Earth, the ocean not only harbors abundant natural resources but also serves as a crucial domain for modern military strategy. The development of sea surface target detection technology is of significant importance for maintaining maritime security, promoting the development of marine resources, and enhancing naval combat capabilities. However, compared to land target detection, sea surface target detection faces a more complex background environment and target characteristics. Sea surface targets are diverse and widely distributed, with their size, material, and motion status all posing different challenges to detection technology. This paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of sea surface background environments, target characteristics, detection bands and methods, and target identification research status, exploring effective ways to improve the accuracy of sea surface target detection.
Long-range laser ranging echo signal processing method based on non-uniform multi-pulse superposition
Authors: Xu Guangbo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
When a laser fuze detects a long-distance target, the noise drowns out the echo signal, which makes the signal-to-noise ratio of the echo signal attenuate severely, seriously limiting its detection distance. Based on theoretical analysis and experimental comparison, this paper proposes a non-uniform multi-pulse superposition method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and enhance the fuzes’ long-range target detection capability. The superposition algorithm is simulated in a MATLAB environment, and the test results prove the method’s effectiveness.
A Robust Visual Tracking Method based on Correlation Filter
Authors: Cao Chuanshuo , Ma Zhenyu , Zhao Yangyang , Guo Chen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although the fast discriminative scale space tracking(fDSST) method shows superior performance for short time visual tracking, it is prone to tracking failure when the target is occluded or moving fast in case of long time tracking. To address this issue, we proposed a novel enhanced visual tracking method based on fDSST for robust tracking. Specifically, based on correlation filter response map we design a visual tracking status discrimination method by integrating Peak to Sidelobe Ratio(PSR) and the number of response peaks. Then, we design an adaptive model update method coupled with extended search area strategy to reduce the probability of target loss. Extensive experiments are performed on challenging benchmark sequences from Online Object Tracking Benchmark(OTB) with significant target occlusion and fast motion. Ours results show that the proposed approach improves the DP by 11.9% and AUC by 8.4% compared to the baseline fDSST, and operates at real-time.
Research on Array Magnetometer Spectroscopy Technology Based on Diffractive Optical Elements
Authors: Yang Hui-Xin , Li Wei , Xu Jing-Yang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With the development of Spin-Exchange Relaxation Free (SERF) atomic magnetometers, human weak magnetic measurement has become a hot research direction in the medical field. Cardio-cerebromagnetic monitoring is a new medical detection method in the medical field. Array magnetometer is the core device of cardio-cerebromagnetic accurate monitoring. The volume and accuracy of the array magnetometer directly determine the wearability and sensitivity of the device, and the laser beam splitting system has a great influence on its accuracy and volume. Because the diffraction beam splitting method has the advantages of high beam splitting efficiency, good beam performance consistency, small space occupation, etc., it is suitable for the laser beam splitting module of array magnetometer, which does not reduce the accuracy while reducing the volume. In this paper, we innovatively apply the diffraction beam splitting scheme to the laser beam splitting module of the array magnetometer, with the goal of miniaturizing the integration of the beam splitting module and improving the output accuracy of the array magnetometer. The design and fabrication of a high-performance diffraction beam splitter applied to the beam splitting system of the SERF atomic magnetometer, as well as the output beam quality and power balance of multiple laser beams, ensure the detection accuracy of the array magnetometer. It is important to carry out related studies of laser beam splitter technology for magnetometer development.
Deformation strategy of deformable mirrors for a typical zooming system
Authors: Ning Yan , Chen Shuailin , Gao Dengwei , Zhou Yicheng , Liu Kui , Zhang Mengdian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a deformation strategy of deformable mirrors (DMs) for a typical zoom system. This deformation strategy provides a design method for the surface profile of zooming. It consists of mathematical model of zoom surface profile and the designing of zooming surface profiles loaded on each DM. The simulation experiments and image aberrations analysis are discussed to verify the reliability of the deformation strategy. The experimental results show that the proposed strategy exhibiting a zoom ratio of 2.0×.
Monocular Vision-Based 3D Reconstruction Method for Parts in Opto-Mechanical Assembly
Authors: Gu Ye , Zhang QingPeng , Cao XueZhe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In automated assembly, accurately capturing multi-dimensional parameters of parts is essential. Traditional methods include teaching methods or laser-based approaches, with the former relying on experience for pre-calibration and the latter being costly. This paper proposes a low-cost, monocular vision-based method for 3D reconstruction in opto-mechanical assembly. Taking the laser crystal component, including the laser gain medium and its heat sink, in a solid-state laser as an example, a monocular camera is firstly mounted on a robot and captures images of parts from specific angles. Due to the reflective properties of metal surfaces, some image information is lost. To address this problem, a 2D gamma function-based adaptive illumination correction algorithm is then proposed. Next, the improved SIFT algorithm is used to extract and match feature points from the collected images. Subsequently, the SFM approach generates a sparse point cloud, which is then densified using the CMVS/PMVS algorithm. Finally, the Poisson surface reconstruction algorithm is used to complete the 3D reconstruction of the laser crystal heat sinks. Experimental results indicate that the adaptive correction algorithm for non-uniform illumination images can extract more feature points and improve the number of matches. The reconstructed 3D model has high accuracy, providing important technical support for the next step in achieving automated opto-mechanical assembly.
SiamMask RAM for Underwater Target Tracking in Sonar Images
Authors: Xue Xiao-Wei , Dai Qi , Zhao Ming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Target tracking based on sonar images plays a crucial role in underwater coordinated operations and strikes. In this paper, aiming to address the problem of underwater noise interference and target boundary blurring in sonar image, we propose an enhanced SiamMask network, SiamMask-RAM, for underwater target tracking. By combining hybrid attention and cross correlation structures, a new similarity metric branch is proposed to enhance perception of underwater target boundaries. Furthermore, by combining the confidence scores of the positive samples with the IoU, a ranking loss optimization strategy is proposed to reduce the possibility of mismatch between the classification and regression. Exceptionally, we constructed an underwater typical target dataset based on sonar images. The evaluation results on the sonar dataset demonstrate that SiamMask-RAM achieves a tracking accuracy of 0.752, an expected average overlap of 0.362, which are 22.6% and 21.9% better than the SiamRPN tracking algorithm, respectively. These findings indicate that the proposed method exhibits high accuracy and robustness in underwater tracking scenarios involving sonar images.
CT Scan Characterization of Thermally Tested Hollow Cylindrical Propellant
Authors: Chen Xingquan , Zhang Weihua , Wang An’yong , Xu Luping , Xiao Yang , Gao Yuling 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to study microscopic characteristics of thermally tested hollow cylindrical propellant, BT-400 industrial CT equipment was used to scan the heights of 50mm, 150mm and 250mm from the bottom of the propellants. 1 DR image and 12 CT images obtained. The propellant’s external diameter, inner hollow diameter, CT value and density difference of each CT scan region were measured with these CT images. The results show that, compared with normal temperature (25°C) experiment, the outside diameter and inner hollow diameter of thermally tested propellant at low temperature (−45°C) decreased, and its density increased; The outside diameter and inner hollow diameter of thermally tested propellant at high temperature (+70°C) increased, and its density decreased. Although no thermal damage forms such as inclusions, cracks and debonding were found in all CT scan images of thermally tested propellants, some low-density shrinkage pores were found in some CT scan images of thermally tested propellants, but these low density pores had no effect on the density distribution and uniformity of thermally tested propellants. CT scan microscopic characterization of thermally tested hollow cylindrical propellant is of great significance to evaluate propellant quality.
Dynamic Response Analysis of Orthogonal and Skewed Slabs to Touch-off Explosion: Investigating Comparative Efficacy and Damage Mechanisms
Authors: Anas S. M. , Alam Mehtab 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Skewed slabs, deviating from conventional orthogonal alignment, pose distinctive structural hurdles. Despite their aesthetic allure and spatial efficiency, their incorporation entails intricate challenges in design, analysis, and construction. Within structural frameworks, slabs are pivotal elements susceptible to devastating impacts from contact explosions, like those triggered by suitcase or parcel bombs, in numerous engineering scenarios. The events like the Beirut explosion in 2022 and the Tianjin blast in 2023 serve as poignant reminders of the urgent need to grasp and address these dangers effectively. Slabs, whether arranged orthogonally or skewed, are fundamental in various engineering frameworks. Despite their key role in load support, slabs are highly vulnerable to damage from explosions, particularly contact blasts like suitcase bombs. Understanding slab behavior under such conditions is crucial for bolstering structural resilience and devising effective defense strategies against potential threats. This research endeavors to contribute to defense technology by examining the dynamic response of both orthogonal and skewed slabs to contact explosions, furnishing indispensable insights aimed at fortifying structural security in diverse environments. The blast is emulated through the utilization of the Eulerian-Lagrangian method, employing the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technique with the aid of the Abaqus software. Slabs featuring various degrees of skew, including 15°, 30°, and 45°, are under scrutiny, and their comparative efficacy is evaluated against the benchmark of an orthogonal slab. The performance of the orthogonal slab is validated by comparing it to data from previous experiments published in academic literature. The findings revealed that with an escalating skew angle, there’s a reduction in perforation dimensions alongside a rise in peripheral damage. Furthermore, the hierarchical order of damage severity among configurations corresponds to the angles: 15° > 30° > 45°, highlighting critical considerations for structural resilience.
Theoretical study on cushioning isolation of cushioning materials under high impact environment
Authors: Sun Xiaoting , Wang Yi , Che Jinli , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
When a guided projectile is fired, the high pressure generated by the gunpowder gas in the chamber produces a high impact accelerationtion of tens of thousands of g in the projectile, which makes the components of the projectile withstand a huge instantaneous, high-energy, strong impact load. This type of load environment results in the deformation and failure of the internal mechanical components and damage to all type of electronic components, leading to the failure of the entire guidance system. Selecting the correct cushioning material to store or dissipate the impact energy so that the peak value of the impact is reduced to within the range of the component is an effective technical approach. In this study, a mechanical analysis of the high-impact environment inside a certain type of artillery was conducted, the axial impact load variation curve of the projectile was drawn, and a buffer isolation mathematical model of the buffer material was established. This study obtains a visualization interface using Python to solve the problem intelligently. By changing the mass of the mass block, the equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping value of the buffer material in the program script, researchers can use the model to draw the displacement, velocity and acceleration curves of the two mass blocks simultaneously, and obtain the buffering efficiency and maximum elastic compression of the buffer material. When the equivalent damping is the same, this study obtains the buffering efficiency curve and the maximum elastic compression curve changing with the stiffness through the model. The results show that in the range of elastic deformation, the buffering efficiency is proportional to the length of the buffering material but inversely proportional to its equivalent stiffness. The mathematical model provides technical support for the pre-design development and selection of cushioning materials in high-impact environments.
Study on Protective Properties of Metal Confined Ceramic Hollow Ball Composites
Authors: Wu H L , Yu G J , Wang Q C , Jiang C Y , Sun Y J , Li X 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Metal confined ceramic hollow ball composite was prepared by low pressure casting impregnation molding process. Because the ceramic hollow ball is fully constrained by metal in the circumference and radial direction, and takes into account high hardness of ceramic and strength and toughness of metal, it has a strong back strength and energy absorption effect and excellent impact resistance when it is penetrated by projectiles. The protection test of metal confined ceramic hollow ball composite material was carried out by using 14.5mm ballistic gun and firing 14.5mm perforating projectile. The test results show that the average protection coefficient of metal confined ceramic hollow ball composite structure is 1.53, and the damage area of metal confined ceramic hollow ball composite is small, and it has great advantages in resistance to multiple bullets.
Theoretical and Experimental Research on Energy Distribution Models during Hypervelocity Impacts
Authors: Ming-Kai Guo , Xing Chen , Zhong-Hua Cui , Zhi-Wen Li , Gui-Long Wang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of energy distribution during hypervelocity impacts, based on theoretical insights and experimental data obtained from hypervelocity impact tests. We have developed an energy distribution model for hypervelocity impacts on semi-infinite aluminum targets. In our model, the kinetic energy of the projectile is categorized into four components: plastic deformation energy of the target plate, spalling energy of ejected debris, energy associated with temperature increase, and electromagnetic radiation energy. Our findings indicate that the majority of the projectile’s kinetic energy is converted into spalling and plastic deformation energies during the impact, with a smaller fraction being allocated to thermal and flash radiation energies. Notably, spalling energy constitutes 65% of the total kinetic energy dissipation, while plastic deformation accounts for 25%. Additionally, we have formulated an empirical model for flash radiation efficiency that takes into account the impact velocity and target thickness. This model is found to be in close agreement with our experimental outcomes, with an error margin maintained within 10%. The model developed in this paper holds significant implications for the development of space target damage assessment methodologies under over-the-horizon conditions.
Full-scale test analysis of impact resistance of prestressed reinforced concrete containment
Authors: Meng Xin , Wang Yutao , Li Jin , Zhang Qidong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The failure mechanism of prestressed reinforced concrete structures under high-speed impact loads has always been a frontier research hotspot. In this experiment, the relationship between the impact force and time of the prestressed reinforced concrete structure under high-speed impact load was studied by rocket skid test using the real “Turbojet-6” engine, which provided data support for the subsequent analysis of the nonlinear dynamic response of the structure. The test results show that prestressing can enhance the local penetration resistance of concrete containment to a certain extent. Under the impact of the “Turbojet-6” engine, the prestressed reinforced concrete containment can keep the concrete structure intact, the steel lining unyielding, and the steel bar unbroken, which meets the structural integrity requirements.
Experimental study on ballistic resistance performance of the metal-inlaid ceramic structure
Authors: Cui X Z , Lin G Q , Li F X , Guo L , Qiao G L , Dong L S , Fan B Y , Hu D X , Bao Y L , Liu Y S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The metal-inlaid ceramic structure was fabricated by inlaying ceramic columns into the steel orifice plate by mechanical processing, and ballistic resistance performance of the metal-inlaid ceramic structure was studied by launching 105 mm armor-piercing simulated projectile from a 25 mm ballistic gun. Experimental results show that the damage area of metal-inlaid ceramic plate was a circular area with a diameter of 60 mm. There was deflection effect in the side arc surface of cylindrical ceramic cylinder after the penetration of the projectile. The protection coefficient of the metal-inlaid ceramic structure was 1.89.
Dynamic compression mechanical behaviour and ignition characteristics of aluminium-containing PBX explosives with different densities
Authors: Zhao Dong , Qu Ke-Peng , Hu Xue-Yao , Xiao Wei , Dong Ze-Lin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Due to the limitations of the processing technology, there are inevitably some differences in the explosive charge density, so that the material exhibits different mechanical behaviour and ignition characteristics, affecting the safe use of explosives. In order to study the dynamic compressive mechanical behaviour and ignition characteristics of an aluminium-containing PBX explosive with different densities, the samples with different densities were loaded quasi-statically and dynamically using electronic universal testing machine, split Hopkinson pressure bar and drop-weight loading device. The compressive stress-strain curves at different strain rates and the critical ignition height were obtained. A viscoelastic statistical cracking principal model (Visco-SCRAM) subroutine was written to analyse the internal mechanical response of aluminium-containing PBX explosives of different densities under drop hammer impact loading. The results show that the aluminium-containing PBX explosive has a pronounced strain rate sensitivity and density dependence, with the modulus of elasticity and peak stress increasing with increasing density and strain rate. Sample average density of 1.65, 1.70 and 1.74 g/cm3 the maximum stress of the explosive unresponsive and the fall height of 2500mm, more than 1000MPa; 2200mm, more than 825MPa; 2400mm, more than 907MPa, respectively. With the increase of the average density of the charge, the maximum stress and fall height of the unreacted explosives showed a tendency of decreasing and then increasing. Comprehensive analysis of test and numerical calculation results, the main influences on the ignition characteristics of low and high density samples are initial damage to the charge and mechanical properties, respectively.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of a Circumferential Rod-type Damage Elements Warhead
Authors: Lin Kong , Qinqiang Kong , Guangjia Li , Cunhong Wang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to increase the damage power of circumferential multiple explosively formed projectile warhead, the circumferential rod-type damage elements warhead has been designed. The rod-type damage elements molding process is studied by numerical simulation. The simulation results show that the rod-type damage elements can be turned back to form by the explosive loading, the rod penetrations with aspect ratio of 4.1 can be formed, and they can penetrate 40mm thick 45# steel. To further verify the power of the circumferential rod-type damage elements warhead, the power experiment has been conducted, the results show that under the explosive loading, the rod-type damage elements are well formed and stable in flight, which can penetrate the 45# steel with the thickness of 40mm at 12meter distance.