bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis and Flap Margin Epithelial Healing After Laser in situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Asano-Kato Naoko , Toda Ikuko , Tsuruya Tomoko , Takano Yoji , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether wound healing of the corneal epithelium at the flap margin influences development of diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
METHODS: We examined prospectively 1928 eyes of 994 patients after LASIK. Condition of wound healing at the flap margin 1 day after LASIK was graded as gutter score from 0 to 3, according to the extent of fluorescein staining. Existence of DLK, gutter score, and the location of DLK and gutter were evaluated.
RESULTS: Sixty-eight eyes (3.5%) developed DLK. The average gutter score was significantly higher in patients with DLK compared to those without DLK (P<.001). The location of DLK was identical to the location of gutter in 44 eyes (77.2%).
CONCLUSION: Disruption of integrity of the epithelial barrier function at the flap margin was associcated with diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. [J Refract Surg 2003; 19:30-33]
Equation for Corneal Asphericity After Corneal Refractive Surgery
Authors: Jiménez José R , Anera Rosario G , del Barco Luis Jiménez 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the exact theoretical asphericity after refractive surgery when the parabolic approximation of the Munnerlyn formula is utilized.
METHOD: From a least-square analysis and considering the conicoid model for anterior cornea, we calculated the final asphericity (p '-factor) from the preoperative asphericity and the radii before and after surgery.
RESULTS: The final p-factor is given by p'=p(R'3/R3); R is the final radius of curvature; R is the preoperative radius; and p is the preoperative p'-factor.
CONCLUSIONS: This equation for postoperative asphericity may be useful in studying the influence on asphericity of different surgical variables. It allows comparisons of real asphericity with the asphericity that should theoretically result. It also explains the increased spherical aberration after refractive surgery and the deterioration of retinal image quality that some authors have found experimentally. [J Refract Surg 2003;19:65-69]
Efficacy of Phototherapeutic Keratectomy in Various Superficial Corneal Pathologies
Authors: Moniz Noel , Fernandez S Tony 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To study the use of phototherapeutic keratectomy in the treatment of various corneal pathologies.
METHODS: We performed a nonrandomized consecutive study of patients who presented with superficial corneal diseases and poor vision. After slit-lamp microscopy, 31 eyes were included: corneal dystrophies, 20 eyes; pterygium, 1 eye; recurrent erosions, 3 eyes; superficial corneal opacities, 6 eyes; band-shaped keratopathy, 1 eye. All patients were treated with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser following manual epithelial debridement. A central 6.0 to 7.5-mm zone was treated with a surrounding 1-mm blend zone. Ablation zone diameter was determined by surgeon preference, presence of pannus, and overall corneal diameter. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months, with a mean of 1 year.
RESULTS: Epithelial healing occurred between 3 and 8 days in most eyes. Patients were followed for a minimum of 1 year. More than 50% of patients gained more than 2 Snellen lines; 12% for whom PTK was done for recurrent corneal erosions were symptomatically better. No eye was retreated. One patient with band keratopathy did not improve. Delayed epithelial healing occurred in three eyes. A trace to mild reticular subepithelial stromal haze was present in most eyes. Most patients showed a tendency to shift toward hyperopia.
CONCLUSION: Phototherapeutic keratectomy may facilitate better visual acuity and reduced photophobia in eyes with various corneal pathology. Proper case selection is crucial. [J Refract Surg 2003;19(suppl):S243-S246]
Two-stage Laser in situ Keratomileusis to Correct Refractive Errors After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Busin Massimo , Zambianchi Luca , Garzione Federico , Maucione Vincenzo , Rossi Scipione 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of a two-stage laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure on eyes with high astigmatism and/or anisometropia after penetrating keratoplasty.
METHODS: Eleven postoperative penetrating keratoplasty eyes were included in a prospective, non-controlled study. All patients had at least 4.00 D of astigmatism and/or at least 3.00 D of anisometropia and were spectacle and contact lens intolerant. Two-stage LASIK was performed; in the first stage a hinged corneal flap 160 µm in thickness and 9 mm in diameter was created. After stabilization of corneal shape (1 to 3 months after keratotomy), the corneal flap was lifted and laser refractive treatment (second stage) was performed.
RESULTS: After the first stage, a statistically significant reduction in refractive astigmatism (P<.01) was recorded. In all eyes but one, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was maintained or improved after the procedure. Three months after the second stage, refractive astigmatism in 8 of 11 eyes (73%) was within ±1.00 D, and spherical equivalent refraction in 9 of 11 eyes (82%) was within ±1.00 D of intended correction. Preoperative irregular astigmatism persisted in three patients (3 eyes) who could not be corrected within ±1.00 D of refractive astigmatism and/or ±1.00 D of intended spherical equivalent refraction. In one eye, an interface infiltrate developed shortly after creation of the flap, and resulted in limited melting.
CONCLUSIONS: A two-stage LASIK procedure improved visual acuity and refraction in postoperative penetrating keratoplasty eyes with high astigmatism and/or anisometropia. Complications were uncommon but can lead to loss of vision. [J Refract Surg 2003;19:301-308]
Mesopic Contrast Sensitivity Function After Laser in situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Montés-Micó Robert , España Enrique , Menezo Jose L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions in patients who have undergone uncomplicated bilateral laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia.

METHODS: Best-corrected monocular contrast sensitivity was measured with the Stereo Optical F.A.C.T. chart at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 c/deg in 20 patients (20 left eyes) before and after bilateral LASIK (with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser and the Automated Corneal Shaper). Mean preoperative refractive error was -6.40 ± 1.28 D (range -4.00 to -8.00 D) and postoperative mean refractive error was -0.41 ± 0.45 D (range -0.75 to +0.50 D). Contrast sensitivity function was measured before and 6 months after surgery using four different chart luminances: 85, 5, 2.5, and 0.1 cd/m
p 2
, the first being a photopic level and the rest mesopic. Log contrast sensitivity values at each spatial frequency were used for statistical analysis and normalized values for graphical representation.

RESULTS: Contrast sensitivity of postoperative LASIK eyes did not differ from preoperative values at a photopic level (85 cd/m
p 2
). However, under mesopic conditions (5 cd/m
p 2
or less) a statistically significant reduction (P<.01) in contrast sensitivity was found at high spatial frequencies (12 and 18 c/deg), although no significant contrast sensitivity differences were observed at low and middle spatial frequencies (P>.01 for 1.5, 3 and 6 c/deg).

CONCLUSIONS: LASIK induced significant reductions in contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions only at high spatial frequencies, even though the photopic contrast sensitivity function was normal. [J Refract Surg 2003;19:353-356]
Nausea and Vomiting After Local Anesthesia for Cataract Extraction in Elderly Female Patients - Effect of Droperidol Premedication
Authors: Karhunen Ulla , Orko Riitta 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
One hundred fifty elderly female patients undergoing cataract extraction were divided into three groups. Fifty patients were premedicated with droperidol, pethidine and atropine; another group of 50 patients with pethidine and atropine. They were operated on under local anesthesia. The control group consisted of 50 patients premedicated with pethidine and atropine, and they were given general anesthesia. Postoperative nausea and vomiting were registered until noon the next day. Comparison of different groups showed that droperidol decreases the occurrence of postoperative sickness.
Modern Eye Banking
Authors: Aquavella James V 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Ophthalmology has accepted the primary responsibility for supervision and control of the medical aspect of eye banking. Operating within the framework of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the Eye Bank Association of America, Medical Standards have been promulgated which recognize the need for standardization and quality control throughout the eye banking procedures.1 The role of the Medical Director and the Medical Standards Committee has been strengthened. Challenges to be met include increasing the supply of donor tissue, the development of a statistical data base, research to expand endothelial viability, the incorporation of new technology, and the necessity to develop resources to combat an increasingly hostile financial and political environment in our nation's hospitals.
Blepharospasm: A Surgical Procedure for Therapy
Authors: Battista Arthur F 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Seventeen patients with intractable blepharospasm underwent bilateral percutaneous fractional thermolytic destruction of branches of the facial nerve. Thirteen were women and four men; their ages ranged from 46 to 76 years with an average of 62 years. Since local and intravenous analgesia were used, the patients were awake and cooperative, resulting in minimal complications. In this series, patients had an average improvement of 69%. Minimal scarring results from the percutaneous route and these patients may undergo staged procedures for further relief of their symptoms.
Congenital Rotary Nystagmus Associated with Head Turning - Successful Surgical Management
Authors: Estes Robert L , Sandall Gary S , Martonyi Jean 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Congenital nystagmus is a rhythmic ocular oscillation usually in the horizontal plane which may be associated with a significant head turn, tilt, or tip to achieve maximal damping of eye movements and improved vision. Purely rotary congenital nystagmus associated with head turn is unusual. This report outlines findings in a case of congenital rotary nystagmus with a functionally significant 30-degree head turn and describes successful surgical management. Current management of patients with congenital nystagmus is discussed.
Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Reformation and Reconstruction of the Persistent Flat Anterior Chamber in the Presence of Severe Hypotony
Authors: Fisher Yale L , Turtz Arnold I , Gold Melanie , Cohen Ben Z , Uram Martin 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Sodium hyaluronate (Healon)is a n aid in the surgical management of anterior chamber reformation and lysis of irodocorneal, vitreocorneal adhesions. Patients with aphakic persistent flat chambers, iris and vitreocorneal adherence associated with severe hypotony, and large choroidal separations are more easily treated with this new viscoelastic material.
A Practical Approach to the Management of Lacrimal Gland Lesions
Authors: Hurwitz J J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
The differentiation of lacrimal gland tumors into two distinctive groups by history, physical examination, and radiological investigations separates those patients who should be treated by total excision and those who should be biopsied. This allows for rational subsequent management in an attempt to prolong survival and decrease morbidity.
Acute Cataract and Glaucoma - A Complication of Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Yoshizumi Marc O , Nobe Janis R 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A case of a rapidly developing intumescent catara et o us lens after scierai buckling surgery for a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, resulted in pupillary block and acute, secondary angle closure glaucoma in a hyperopic eye. The rapid sequence of events following retinal detachment surgery, the unusual mechanism for the development of glaucoma after retinal detachment surgery, and the therapeutic and surgical procedures performed to restore the patient's vision make this a unique clinical report.
Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Review of 119 Cases
Authors: Zolli Christine L , Shannon Gerard M 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
One hundred nineteen dacryocystorhinostomies were reviewed and were found to be most commonly performed on females in their seventh decade, with silent epiphora being the most common presenting symptom. Trauma was the single most frequent cause of surgery in males and required complex reconstruction in mosteases. Three of the seven dacryocystorhinostomy failures occurred in these traumatic dacryostenosis cases. An unusually high percentage of dacryocystorhinostomy surgery was performed on women who had had previous hysterectomies or serious gynecologic pathology.
Lacrimal Sac Papilloma: Presentation of an Unusual Case
Authors: Nunziata B Richard , Horbeek Johannes H , Gombos George M 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
This is a case report of an unusual presentation for a transitional cell papilloma of the lacrimal sac. Our patient had epiphora and a nodular lesion in the upper lid with tissue extending through the punctum. There was no swelling over the lacrimal sac, Biopsy and dacryocystography confirmed the origin of the lesion to be the lacrimal sac.
A Combined Surgical Approach to Bilateral Superior Oblique Palsy
Authors: Pinchoff Barry S , Bergstrom Terry J , Sandall Gary S 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
In two cases of bilateral superior oblique palsy the vertical component of the deviation was more prominent in one eye and the excyclotorsion more prominent in the fellow eye. A tuck of the superior oblique was performed on one eye and an adjustable Harada-lto procedure on the fellow eye. This combined approach was used to reduce both the torsional and vertical components in these patients with complicated bilateral superior oblique palsies while effecting a more exact resolution of the torsional component.
Argon Laser Debridement of the Posterior Capsule: A Potential Treatment for Posterior Capsule Opacification After Extracapsular Cataract Surgery
Authors: McDonnell Peter J , Fagadau Warren R , Green W Richard , Patz Arnall , Stark Walter J , Yeo Julia H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We treated an opacified membrane on the anterior surfaces of the posterior capsule of two cynomologous monkeys that had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens insertion. After development of opacification of the posterior capsule, argon laser energy was employed in an attempt to debride the capsules while maintaining structural integrity of the capsule. With this technique, small areas of destruction of the membrane on the anterior surface of the posterior capsule were created with preservation of the capsule.
Proteinaceous Film Without Macrophages Covering Lens Implant in Acute Panophthalmitis
Authors: Wolter J Reimer 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A very well-preserved capsule-like proteinaceous film continuously covering a Copeland lens implant in a late stage of alpha streptococcus panophthalmitis exhibits neutrophils and fibrin as well as massive pus on its outer surface. But no macrophages, fibroblastlike cells, or giant cells are found. The proteinaceous film has resisted the proteolytic actions of the massive pus present on and around the implant.
Effect of Ocular Compression on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Bolling James P , Kurrle Robert W , O'Day Denis M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A prospective double-blind controlled study was undertaken to determine the effects of different compression times applied to soften the eye on normal subjects. Application of the Honan intraocular pressure reducer (HIPR) produced a significantly (p<0.02) greater decrease in intraocular pressure when applied for 40 minutes (14.3 mmHg SD= 1.7) when compared to a five-minute application (8.8 mmHg SD =1.7). No untoward effects were noted in these patients. Physiologic effects of external ocular compression are discussed.
Fire Hazard During Ophthalmic Surgery
Authors: Lederman Ira R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A plastic surgical drape was ignited by a disposable cautery during cataract surgery performed under local anesthesia. The flame was quickly extinguished, and the procedure was completed without complications. The patient did well postoperatively and attained a corrected visual acuity of 20/25. Precautions should be taken to minimize the possibility of fire occurring during ophthalmic surgery.
Oversize Donor Buttons in Corneal Transplantation Surgery for Keratoconus
Authors: Perry Henry D , Foulks Gary N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The authors report preliminary findings in 34 patients treated with oversize donor buttons for keratoconus. Seventeen patients received oversize donor grafts and 17 received same-size material. A significant increase in myopia was observed in the oversize group when compared with the same-size group, which indicates a trend toward increased corneal curvature in oversized corneal grafts. Oversize material therefore is contraindicated in treating keratoconus.
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in Eyes With Retinal Detachment
Authors: Folk James C , Thompson H Stanley , Farmer Samuel G , O'Gorman Thomas W , Dreyer Richard F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Relative afferent pupillary defects were measured before and after surgery in 38 patients with unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. All 38 patients were measured preoperatively and the mean (± SD) pupillary defect was 1.4 ± 0.7 log units. The afferent pupillary defect decreased in 36 of the 38 patients after successful scleral buckling operations (postoperative mean = 0.4 ± 0.3 log units). Twenty patients had defects postoperatively of 0.3 log units or less, and seven of these had no measurable defects at all.
A prediction model, using the variables of total number of peripheral quadrants detached and whether the macula was detached, yielded the following prediction equation: Relative afferent pupillary defect (log units) = 0.35 × (total quadrants) + 0.68 × macula detachment. This means that the detachment of each peripheral quadrant of retina caused about 0.35 log units of defect, whereas detachment of the macula caused 0.68 log units. The standard error of this estimate was rather large (± .65 log units); therefore, the size of the afferent pupillary defect can only roughly predict the extent of the retinal detachment and vice versa.
Respiratory Depression Following Retrobulbar Bupivacaine: Three Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Rodman David J , Notaro Saralyn , Peer Gerald L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Retrobulbar bupivacaine (0.75%) administration has been implicated as a causative factor in respiratory distress, cardiovascular dysfunction, and various central nervous system disturbances. The three cases here demonstrate two separate occurrences of respiratory and central nervous system (CNS) complications following retrobulbar bupivacaine (Marcaine) injection. It is thought that the immediate and delayed occurrences result from inadvertent injection at either of two sites: intravascularly or directly into the membranous sheath surrounding the optic nerve.
Biochemical Abnormalities in the Aqueous in Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Herschler Jonathan , Litin Bradley S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We studied gel electrophoretic patterns of proteins in the aqueous humor of patients undergoing cataract or glaucoma surgery. Of special interest was a protein doublet present in the range of 130,000 to 135,000 dal tons. Analysis of the relative concentration of these two proteins in a given sample revealed statistically significant differences in aqueous humor obtained from patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma compared with that obtained from patients with non-chronic open-angle glaucoma or those with cataract. These differences could not be accounted for by other factors, such as preoperative medicines or age. It is possible that the outflow obstruction in chronic open-angle glaucoma somehow may be related to abnormalities in the protein distribution in the aqueous humor of susceptible individuals.
Surgical Management of the Secondary Glaucomas: Part I
Authors: Katz L Jay , Spaeth George L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Surgical approaches to the secondary glaucomas vary depending on the pathogenesis and stage of the disease. In this first part, neovascular glaucoma management is reviewed. Panretinal ablation by laser or cryopexy and goniophotocoagulation used to reverse neovascularization are helpful, but not permanently curative. Filtering surgery is not as successful for neovascular glaucoma as it is for the primary adult glaucomas. Therefore, modifications using 5-fluorouracil, carbon dioxide lasers, and alloplastic implants have been investigated. Although ciliary body ablation using cryotherapy or photocoagulation may reduce intraocular pressure, vision may still deteriorate.
Public Health Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Model for the Prevention of Blindness in Developing Nations
Authors: Heldt Jean-Paul 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In recent years, blindness In developing nations has been increasingly recognized as a public health problem requiring new approaches. To better prepare eye care professionals to assume their multidisciplinary responsibilities as epidemiologists, health planners, administrators, and educators, a new conceptual model is presented. This eye care plan and delivery scheme for developing nations attempts to integrate three essential disciplines of blindness prevention (epidemiology, administration, and education) with six major causes of blindness (cataract, trachoma, glaucoma, xerophthalmia, onchocerciasis, and leprosy) at three levels of intervention (community, primary, and secondary). The result can be conceptualized as a three-dimensional geometric model. This spatial construct has many practical applications and should serve as a useful frame of reference for eye care professionals and organizations active in international ophthalmology and blindness prevention in developing countries.
Simplified Diagnostic Coding Sheet For Computerized Data Storage and Analysis in Ophthalmology
Authors: Tauber Joseph , Lahav Moshe 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A review of currently-available diagnostic coding systems revealed that most are either too abbreviated or too detailed. We have compiled a simplified diagnostic coding sheet based on the International Coding and Diagnosis (ICD-9), which is both complete and easy to use in a general practice. The information is transferred to a computer, which uses the relevant (ICD-9) diagnoses as database and can be retrieved later for display of patients' problems or analysis of clinical data.
Reduction of Inflammation Following Cataract Surgery by the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug, Flurbiprofen
Authors: Sabiston David , Tessler Howard , Sumers Karen , Osterle Carolyn , Cheetham Janet K , Duzman Efraim , DeGryse Ronald 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In this double-masked clinical trial, 72 patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery received a topical loading dose of 0.03% flurbiprofen or vehicle before surgery and one drop four times daily for 2 weeks after surgery. The severity of conjunctival hyperemia, aqueous humor cells, and aqueous humor flare was lower in the flurbiprofen-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group at all follow-up visits; the differences were significant on day 14. Four patients treated with flurbiprofen and two treated with vehicle exhibited postoperative hyphemas. Treatment with flurbiprofen appeared to decrease the severity of inflammation following cataract extraction surgery.