bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of transfusions, hemodialysis and extracorporeal life support on hyperferritinemia in critically ill patients
Authors: Knaak Cornelia , Schuster Friederike S. , Nyvlt Peter , Heeren Patrick , Spies Claudia , Schenk Thomas , La Rosée Paul , Janka Gritta , Brunkhorst Frank M. , Lachmann Gunnar 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundFerritin is the major iron storage protein and an acute phase reactant. Hyperferritinemia is frequently seen in the critically ill where it has been hypothesized that not only underlying conditions but also factors such as transfusions, hemodialysis and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) lead to hyperferritinemia. This study aims to investigate the influence of transfusions, hemodialysis, and ECLS on hyperferritinemia in a multidisciplinary ICU cohort.MethodsThis is a post-hoc analysis of a retrospective observational study including patients aged ≥ 18 years who were admitted to at least one adult ICU between January 2006 and August 2018 with hyperferritinemia ≥ 500 μg/L and of ≥ 14 days between two ICU ferritin measurements. Patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) were excluded. To identify the influence of transfusions, hemodialysis, and ECLS on ferritin change, multivariable linear regression analysis with ferritin change between two measurements as dependent variable was performed.ResultsA total of 268 patients was analyzed. Median duration between measurements was 36 days (22–57). Over all patients, ferritin significantly increased between the first and last measurement (p = 0.006). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed no effect of transfusions, hemodialysis, or ECLS on ferritin change. Changes in aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were identified as influencing factors on ferritin change [unstandardized regression coefficient (B) = 2.6; (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9, 3.3); p < 0.001 and B = 376.5; (95% CI 113.8, 639.1); p = 0.005, respectively]. Using the same model for subgroups of SOFA score, we found SOFA platelet count to be associated with ferritin change [B = 1729.3; (95% CI 466.8, 2991.9); p = 0.007]. No association of ferritin change and in-hospital mortality was seen in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that transfusions, hemodialysis, and ECLS had no influence on ferritin increases in critically ill patients. Hyperferritinemia appears to be less the result of iatrogenic influences in the ICU thereby underscoring its unskewed diagnostic value.Trial registrationThe study was registered with www.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02854943) on August 1, 2016.
Readiness of healthcare facilities with tuberculosis services to manage diabetes mellitus in Tanzania: A nationwide analysis for evidence-informed policy-making in high burden settings
Authors: Shayo Festo K. , Shayo Sigfrid Casmir 
Published: July 2021

Introduction
Double disease burden such as Tuberculosis and Diabetes mellitus comorbidity is evident and on rising especially in high burden settings such as Tanzania. There is limited information about the availability of tuberculosis/diabetes integrated healthcare services in Tanzania. Therefore, this study explored the availability and examined the readiness of healthcare facilities with tuberculosis services to manage diabetes mellitus in Tanzania.

Methods
We abstracted data from the 2014–2015 Tanzania Service Provision Assessment Survey datasets. The service availability was assessed by calculating the proportion of tuberculosis facilities reported to manage diabetes mellitus. There were four domains; each domain with some indicators for calculating the readiness index. High readiness was considered if the tuberculosis facilities scored at least half (≥50%) of the indicators listed in each of the four domains (staff training and guideline, diagnostics, equipment, and medicines) as is recommended by the World Health Organization-Service Availability and Readiness Assessment manual while low readiness for otherwise.

Results
Out of 341 healthcare facilities with tuberculosis services included in the current study, 238 (70.0%) reported providing management for diabetes mellitus. The majority of the facilities were dispensaries and clinics 48.1%; publicly owned 72.6%; and located in rural 62.6%. Overall, the readiness of tuberculosis facilities to manage diabetes was low (10.8%). Similarly, the readiness was low based on the domain-specific readiness of trained staff and guidelines.

Conclusion
Although the majority of the healthcare facilities with tuberculosis services had diabetes mellitus services the overall readiness was low. This finding provides a piece of evidence to inform the policymakers in high burden and low resource countries to strengthen the co-management of tuberculosis and diabetes.
The impact of narrative writing on empathy, perspective-taking, and attitude: Two randomized controlled experiments on violations of Covid-19 protection regulations
Authors: Bientzle Martina , Eggeling Marie , Kanzleiter Marie , Thieme Kerstin , Kimmerle Joachim 
Published: July 2021

Objective
Two randomized controlled experiments investigated if writing a narrative text about a fictional person who shows disapproved of behavior in the Covid-19 pandemic influenced empathy, perspective-taking, attitude, and attribution of causes regarding that person’s behavior.

Methods
In both studies, a fictional scenario was described, and participants answered questions regarding empathy, perspective-taking, attitude, and attribution regarding a fictional person’s disapproved of behavior (pre-post-measurement). Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In the experimental condition, they wrote a narrative text about the fictional person. In the control condition, they wrote about an unrelated topic.

Results
We found that writing a narrative text increased empathy more strongly than writing about an unrelated topic; Study 1: p = 0.004, part.η2 = 0.06, Study 2: p < .001, part.η2 = 0.19. This did not apply to perspective-taking; Study 1: p = 0.415; Study 2: p = 0.074. We also found that writing a narrative text about a fictional person resulted in a more positive attitude toward this person; Study 1: p = 0.005, part.η2 = 0.06; Study 2: p<0.001, part.η2 = 0.10. Finally, in Study 2 we found that participants who wrote a narrative text attributed the person’s behavior to internal causes to a lesser degree; p = 0.007, part.η2 = 0.05.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that empathy and attitude are positively modifiable through narrative writing tasks. Empathy training could potentially prevent discrimination related to Covid-19.

Trial registration
The studies presented in this article were pre-registered on the pre-registration platform AsPredicted (aspredicted.org) before we began data collection; registration numbers and URL: #44754 https://aspredicted.org/vx37t.pdf (Study 1), and #44753 https://aspredicted.org/ig7kq.pdf (Study 2).
Factors affecting guardians’ decision making on clinic-based purchase of children’s spectacles in Nigeria
Authors: Chan Ving Fai , Yong Ai Chee , O’Neill Ciaran , Graham Christine , Congdon Nathan , Lohfeld Lynne , Stephan Tai , Ebri Anne Effiom 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThis study aims to understand the key factors influencing guardians’ decisions when purchasing spectacles for their children in semi-urban and urban areas of Cross River State, Nigeria, where a spectacle cross-subsidisation scheme will be implemented.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among all consecutive guardians visiting the Calabar (urban), Ugep, Ikom and Ogoja (semi-urban) public eye clinics in Cross River State, southern Nigeria, from August 1 to October 31 2019, and whose children had significant refractive errors (myopia ≤-0.50D, hyperopia ≥1.50D, astigmatism >0.75D) and received spectacles. Guardians were interviewed using a questionnaire which included i) close-ended questions on reasons guardians choose to purchase spectacles for their children in eye clinics, ii) guardians’ perceptions of the quality and design of children’s current spectacle, iii) factors most heavily influencing their choice of spectacles for children, and iv) open-ended questions to seek guardians’ suggestions on how to improve the current spectacle range.ResultsAll 137 eligible guardians (67.2% women [n = 92]) who visited the selected eye clinics participated in the study (response rate = 100%), with 109 (79.6%) from semi-urban and 28 (20.4%) attending urban clinics. Guardians from both urban and semi-urban clinics prioritised frame design, quality, and material as the main factors affecting their decision when purchasing spectacles for their children. Female guardians and those with higher incomes were both 1.5 times more likely to emphasise frame quality when describing selection criteria for purchasing spectacles for their children than male guardians (p = 0.01) or guardians earning less (p = 0.03).ConclusionDesign, material, and frame quality are key factors influencing guardians when purchasing spectacles for their children in these setting and female guardians or those with higher income prioritise frame quality. This study could guide the planning and implementation of a novel cross-subsidisation scheme in Cross River State.
The association between a history of anxiety or depression and utilization of diagnostic imaging
Authors: Powell Adam C. , Long James W. , Carneal Garry , Schormann Kathryn J. , Friedman David P. 
Published: July 2021

Objective
While prior research shows that mental illness is associated with lower utilization of screening imaging, little is known about how mental illness impacts use of diagnostic imaging, other than for screening. This study explores the association between a history of anxiety or depression in the prior year and utilization of diagnostic imaging.

Methods
Commercial and Medicare Advantage health plan claims from 2017 and 2018 from patients with plans from one national organization were extracted. Exclusions were made for patients without continuous plan enrollment. History of anxiety or depression was determined using 2017 claims, and downstream diagnostic imaging was determined using 2018 claims. Univariate associations were assessed with Chi-square tests. A matched sample was created using Coarsened Exact Matching, with history of mental illness serving as the treatment variable. Logistic regressions were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios, before and after matching, controlling for age, sex, urbanicity, local income, comorbidities, claims history, region, and health plan characteristics. Associations between mental illness and chest imaging, neuroimaging, and emergency department imaging were also evaluated.

Results
The sample included 2,381,851 patients before matching. Imaging was significantly more likely for patients with a history of anxiety (71.1% vs. 55.7%, P < .001) and depression (73.2% vs. 55.3%, P < .001). The adjusted odds of any imaging were 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–1.26) for patients with a history of anxiety, and 1.43 (CI: 1.41–1.45) for patients with a history of depression before matching, and 1.18 (CI: 1.16–1.20) for a history of anxiety and 1.33 (CI: 1.32–1.35) for a history of depression after matching. Adjusted analyses found significant, positive associations between mental illness and chest imaging, neuroimaging, and emergency department imaging both before and after matching.

Discussion
In contrast to prior findings on screening, anxiety and depression were associated with greater likelihood of diagnostic imaging within the population studied.
Práctica otorrinolaringológica durante la pandemia COVID19
Authors: Maza Solano Juan Manuel , Amor-Dorado Juan Carlos , Parente-Arias Pablo Luis , Calvo-Henríquez Christian Ezequiel , Plaza-Mayor Guillermo 
Published: July 2021

La enfermedad por el SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) ha provocado millones de casos desde que se declarase el estado de pandemia por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en marzo de 2020, cambiando las prácticas médicas y quirúrgicas habituales. Los sanitarios representan un importante porcentaje de la población general contagiada. Entre ellos, destaca el especial riesgo de infección en otorrinolaringólogos y cirujanos de cabeza y cuello (ORL), debido a la cercanía a la vía aérea superior y al riesgo de generación de bioaerosoles durante los procedimientos.
El objetivo de este artículo es la elaboración de un documento de práctica otorrinolaringológica segura durante la pandemia COVID19, basado en una recopilación de la mejor evidencia adaptada al riesgo de transmisión, según la combinación de los resultados de los indicadores de riesgo establecidos por el Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social (MSCBS). El presente documento es fruto de la colaboración de las comisiones científicas y del comité COVID-19 de la SEORLCCC.
Green synthesized Ag-TiO2 for degradation of organic dye through visible light driven photo-reactor and its kinetics
Authors: Mohapatra Titikshya , Manekar Sakshi , Kumar Sahu Vijyendra , Soni Ashwini Kumar , Banerjee Sudip , Ghosh Prabir 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study reports a green approach for the modification of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with immobilization of silver nanoparticles. One of the natural sources i.e., Mangifera indica leaf extract was utilized as reducing and capping agent for the fabrication of Ag-TiO2 nanocatalyst. Further, the surface morphology and band-gap energy of prepared Ag-TiO2 were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Also, it was characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) which provides the information regarding the crystallinity of the Ag-TiO2. Subsequently, photo activity of Ag-TiO2 was investigated for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye wastewater through visible light driven photoreactor. The Ag-TiO2 provided highest (68%) of photo-degradation efficiency within 110 min for 7.81 × 10−5 mol/L initial MB concentration at pH 8 by using 0.19 g/L photocatalyst. Further, addition of 10 mM H2O2 boost up the MB photodegradation to 74%. The kinetic study confirmed the MB degradation followed first order rate of reaction.
Three kinds of caesarean sections: the foetal/neonatal perspective
Authors: Odent Michel Robert Fortuné 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the age of hospital births, it is commonplace to contrast the vaginal route and the abdominal route as the basic classification. From the “point of view” of the foetus/neonate, we provide reasons to contrast “birth without labour” (that is birth by pre-labour caesarean section) and all the other vaginal and abdominal modes of birth. From a great diversity of theoretical reasons, one can anticipate that babies born by pre-labour caesarean sections are different from the others. We also provide reasons to popularize the concepts of “in labour non-emergency caesarean sections” and “planned in-labour caesarean sections”.
In silico study of the synergistic anti-tumor effect of hybrid topoisomerase-HDAC inhibitors
Authors: Kashyap Kriti , Kakkar Rita 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Combination therapies that include treatment of cancerous cells with histone deacetylase (HDACs) inhibitors prior to treatment with topoisomerase inhibitors have shown synergistic anti-tumor effects. The promising results of such combination therapies have led to the development of a novel class of multitarget hybrid inhibitors that are designed by merging the scaffolds of topoisomerase and HDAC inhibitors, which consequently inhibit both classes of cancer-inducing targets simultaneously. These multitarget hybrids also have pharmacokinetic advantages over the traditional combinatorial approach, which struggles with disadvantages like maintaining optimum concentrations of multiple toxic drugs, which in turn leads to enhanced toxicity and other side-effects associated with the multiple drugs administered. Binding modes of some Top-HDAC hybrids have been predicted with the help of molecular docking in order to understand the binding of such hybrids with their target receptors and to identify the structural determinants responsible for their synergistic anti-tumor effect. Extra precision docking of Top1-HDAC and Top2-HDAC hybrid inhibitors has been carried out with Top1-DNA, Top2-DNA, HDAC1 and HDAC6 receptor structures. A detailed analysis of the molecular interactions of the hybrids with the target receptor binding sites has been undertaken and their predicted binding modes have been compared with the crystal binding modes of their component drugs. An explanation for the apparent selectivity of the hybrids towards HDAC6 has also been provided.
Computational cold plasma dynamics and its potential application in food processing
Authors: Manoharan Dharini , Radhakrishnan Mahendran 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cold plasma is a novel nonthermal technology that has been used for preserving and maintaining the quality of food materials. Researchers developed numerous cold plasma equipment to study the effect of plasma on food materials; however, the degree of processing such as flow of plasma species from the source of plasma to the food material and their interaction/diffusion into the food, differs with respect to the equipment. The computational study can simulate the flow dynamics of plasma which in turn can improve the efficiency of processing and design aspects. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is the most reliable, cost-effective, and robust numerical tool used for simulating various high-end food processing technologies. In cold plasma processing, computational study aids in revealing the distribution of reactive species and their flow dynamics on the target surface. As CFD studies on plasma interaction with food materials are not available, this review is focused on covering the basics of using CFD in cold plasma simulation. It also explores the significant use of CFD in cold plasma simulation in various sectors along with its possible and futuristic applications in food processing.
Disability, burden, and symptoms related to sensitization in migraine patients associate with headache frequency
Authors: Di Antonio Stefano , Castaldo Matteo , Ponzano Marta , Bovis Francesca , Torelli Paola , Finocchi Cinzia , Arendt-Nielsen Lars 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This observational study aimed to assess the difference in disability, burden, and sensitization between migraine patients with low-frequency headache attack (1–8 headache days/month), high-frequency headache attack (9–14 headache days/months), and patients with chronic migraine (>14 headache days/months).

Methods
Migraine patients with or without aura were divided into three groups according to headache frequency (low-frequency episodic migraine; high-frequency episodic migraine; chronic migraine). Questionnaires were used to assess the burden of headache, quality of life, phycological burden, and symptoms related to sensitization (estimated by the Central Sensitization Inventory). Differences among migraine groups were assessed using Chi-Quadro test, ANOVA, or Kruskal–Wallis as appropriate.

Results
136 patients were included (68 low-frequency episodic migraine, 45 high-frequency episodic migraine, 23 chronic migraine). Patients with high frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine differed from patients with low frequency episodic migraine showing a worse burden of headache (p=0.002; p=0.002), worse level of physical (p=0.001; p<0.001) and mental (p=0.002; p=0.001) quality of life, worse level of depression (p=0.008; p=0.003), and increase presence of symptoms related to sensitization (p<0.001; p=0.003). No differences were found in any variables between patients with high-frequency episodic migraine and patients with chronic migraine (p>0.05).

Conclusions
Patients with high-frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine could be considered in the same segment of the migraine population, with similar degrees of disability and sensitization related symptoms.
Egy merénylet tisztázatlan hátterétől a konspirációs elméletek keletkezését magyarázó gazasági tényezőkig
Authors: Oroszi Sándor 
Published: July 2021

A tanulmány a gazdasági, azon belül is elsősorban a pénzügyi-banki szféra visszásságaira koncentrál. Az egyház azt tanítja, már Jézus is fellépett a pénzváltók és kufárok ellen, kiűzte őket a templomból. Erre utalt Roosevelt elnök is beiktatási beszédében: „a pénzváltók elmenekültek a civilizáció templomának magasztos székeiből.” (Roosevelt, 1932) Kisvártatva azonban visszatértek…A dolgozat az USA monetáris történetének felemás jelenségeire fókuszál. Az amerikai pénzügyi csoportok az Egyesült Államok világhatalmi státuszának kialakulásával párhuzamosan a nemzetközi pénzügyi életben, a globális pénzügyi szervezetekben is domináns szerephez jutottak. Eközben – finoman szólva – nem mindig a fair play követelményei szerint versenyeztek a gazdasági tranzakciók színpadán.A legtekintélyesebb amerikai elnökök, tekintélyes politikusok nyíltan beszéltek a központi bankok esetében tapasztalt korrupcióról, de Nobel-emlékdíjas közgazdák elemzéseinek centrumába is gyakran került a Fed tevékenysége. A krimiken edződött közvélemény a nem tisztázott hátterű eseményeket igyekezett a maga módján „magyarázni”, szép számmal fogalmazódtak meg konspirációs elméletek.Írásom célja annak vizsgálata, hogy az egyes országok pénzügyi intézményeinek, a nemzetközi pénzügyi szervezeteknek a magatartásában találhatók-e olyan motívumok, olyan mozzanatok, amelyek súrolják a jogszabályok által kijelölt határokat. Másként fogalmazva: szolgáltattak-e okot tevékenységükkel a konspirációs elméletek megfogalmazására?
Közművelődési és közösségszervezési jó gyakorlatok a Baranya megyei községekben
Authors: Koltai Zsuzsa , Reisz Terézia 
Published: July 2021

Kutatócsoportunk 2019 szeptembere és 2020 augusztusa között a Nemzeti Művelődési Intézet Közművelődési Tudományos Kutatási Programjának támogatásával vizsgálta a közművelődési intézmények és közösségi színterek szerepét a Baranya megyei községekközösségszervezésében. A kutatás strukturált interjúk keretében, rétegzett mintavételi eljárás alapján 29 baranyai falu közművelődési és közösségszervezési gyakorlatát elemezte. A kutatócsoport tagjai Nagypallon, Hosszúhetényben, Nagynyárádon, Mecseknádasdon, Bodán, Hiricsen és Drávaszabolcson tártak fel közművelődési, közösségszervezési jó gyakorlatot. A szerzők a megjelölt hét település közművelődési, közösségszervező szakembereivel lebonyolított, strukturált interjúk keretében vizsgálták a jó gyakorlatok sajátosságait.
A tanulmány 4 keresztmetszetben tárja fel a kutatás során megismert jó gyakorlatok jellemzőit: 1. Finanszírozás – forrásgyűjtés és forráskezelés; 2. Térségi hatások, hálózatosodás a jó gyakorlatokban; 3. A nemzetiségi önkormányzatok szerepe a jó gyakorlatok megvalósításában; 4. A közművelődési szakember személyes és szakmai kompetenciáinak szerepe a jó gyakorlatokban.
A kutatási eredmények alapján a szerzők javaslatokat fogalmaznak meg a községekben működő közművelődési intézmények és közösségi színterek működésének és tevékenységének fejlesztésével kapcsolatosan.