bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased precipitation weakens the role of Stipa breviflora as the keystone species in a desert steppe
Authors: Cui Yuan-yuan , Bai Liu , Hou Dong-jie , Wang Zhong-wu , Wang Jing , Qu Zhi-qiang , Wang Yun-bo , Han Guo-dong , Li Zhi-guo , Ren Hai-yan , Wang Hai-ming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Precipitation significantly influences the composition and structure of grassland ecosystems, particularly in arid desert steppes. Stipa breviflora, as a keystone species, plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the desert steppe. However, the response of Stipa breviflora's succession strategy to changes in precipitation within the community remains uncertain. Since 2016, this research was conducted in a desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, China, involving control precipitation (PCK), and increases of 50% (P50) and 100% (P100) in natural precipitation. We measured biomass, height, and canopy cover, calculated the importance value (IV) by species, and assessed the photosynthetic parameters and leaf elemental content of Stipa breviflora in 2021 and 2022. Results showed that the increase of precipitation significantly reduced the IV of Stipa breviflora. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, aboveground biomass carbon (AGBC) content and aboveground biomass nitrogen (AGBN) of Stipa breviflora leaves grew considerably in experimental plots receiving more precipitation, while δ13C value of leaves decreased significantly. Linear regression analysis and structural equation model show that although the increase of precipitation improved the adaptability of Stipa breviflora functional traits and increased its IV, a higher transpiration rate significantly contributed to the decrease in its IV. Consequently, our research reveals the succession strategy of Stipa breviflora and provides a theoretical basis for studying the response mechanisms of desert steppe plant communities to climate change.
Ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) carbon ion irradiation inhibited immune suppressive protein expression on Pan02 cell line
Authors: Katsuki Shohei , Minami Kazumasa , Oniwa Karin , Yagi Masashi , Shimizu Shinichi , Hamatani Noriaki , Takashina Masaaki , Kanai Tatsuaki , Ogawa Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recently, ultra-high dose rate (&gt; 40 Gy/s, uHDR; FLASH) radiation therapy (RT) has attracted interest, because the FLASH effect that is, while a cell-killing effect on cancer cells remains, the damage to normal tissue could be spared has been reported. This study aimed to compare the immune-related protein expression on cancer cells after γ-ray, conventionally used dose rate (Conv) carbon ion (C-ion), and uHDR C-ion. B16F10 murine melanoma and Pan02 murine pancreas cancer were irradiated with γ-ray at Osaka University and with C-ion at Osaka HIMAK. The dose rates at 1.16 Gy/s for Conv and 380 Gy/s for uHDR irradiation. The expressed calreticulin (CRT), major histocompatibility complex class (MHC)-I, and programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Western blotting and PCR were utilized to evaluate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, DNA damage, and its repair pathway. CRT, MHC-I on B16F10 was also increased by irradiation, while only C-ion increased MHC-I on Pan02. Notably, PD-L1 on B16F10 was increased after irradiation with both γ-ray and C-ion, while uHDR C-ion suppressed the expression of PD-L1 on Pan02. The present study indicated that uHDR C-ion has a different impact on the repair pathway of DNA damage and ER than the Conv C-ion. This is the first study to show the immune-related protein expressions on cancer cells after uHDR C-ion irradiation.
Out of sync: temporal governance and agency in refugee families with temporary protection status in Denmark
Authors: Shapiro Ditte , Kohl Katrine Syppli , Jørgensen Rikke Egaa , Sandberg Marie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Over the past decade, a series of legal changes have intensified Denmark’s temporal governance of refugees. This development reflects a more widespread turn towards temporary protection and return across the Global North. Drawing on eleven months of fieldwork and interviews with thirty refugees in Denmark, the article applies a temporal lens to analyse how this development is experienced and navigated by refugee families subjected to conditions of prolonged uncertainty, with a focus on how it affects their intergenerational relationships. We find that temporal governance spurs three ‘temporal modalities’ that we call acceleration, entrapment, and rupture, the consequences of which refugees engage with through different tactics related to generational status and social situation. Furthering a conceptualization of displacement as ‘temporal dispossession’, the analysis shows how the temporal governance of refugee families in Denmark permeates the intimate domestic space, bringing family members out of sync, and raising well-founded fears of family separation.
Prevalence of detransition in persons seeking gender-affirming hormonal treatments: a systematic review
Authors: Feigerlova Eva 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite recent evidence of the benefits of gender-affirming medical procedures, data in the literature indicate emerging demands of detransition and regrets while suggesting potential sources of bias in different datasets, including a nonconsensual definition of detransition.

Aim
The present systematic review aims to summarize the existing research regarding the prevalence of detransition in transgender persons who requested or started receiving gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) and/or gender-affirming hormonal therapy (GAHT).

Methods
A systematic literature search (CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Sage Journals, Science Direct, Scopus) for quantitative studies was conducted up to May 2024. All eligible studies were assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. The risk of bias was assessed using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool. The present analysis follows the PRISMA statement for systematic review articles and the synthesis without meta-analysis recommendations.

Outcomes
The primary outcome was the point-prevalence proportion of detransition events as a percentage in the population of transgender persons who were considered eligible for treatment or had initiated GnRHa and/or GAHT.

Results
Fifteen observational studies involving 3804 children and adolescents and 3270 adult participants were included in the 3212 screened studies. Five studies reported a change in request before starting GnRHa, five studies reported GnRHa discontinuation, and nine studies reported GAHT discontinuation. The point-prevalence proportions of shifts in requests before any treatment ranged from 0.8–7.4%. The point-prevalence proportions of GnRHa discontinuation ranged from 1–7.6%. The point-prevalence proportions of GAHT discontinuation ranged from 1.6–9.8%. All of the included studies were heterogeneous regarding definitions of detransition used and the study design: their numbers were too small to be statistically relevant, their time frame was insufficient, they did not use patient-level data, or they did not consider confounding factors.

Clinical implications
Quality measurement tools are needed, as are monitoring standards, and both are important for health outcomes and guarantee the attention of health care providers and policy-makers.

Strengths and limitations
The unique features of this analysis are its restrictive inclusion criteria compared with those of previous reviews, such as a strict definition of detransition and a focus on empirical studies only. However, most of the studies were retrospective and unblinded, and most were not sufficiently powered to detect detransition rates.

Conclusion
Taken together, the results of the present analysis show that detransition in persons undergoing gender-affirming treatment has been insufficiently investigated, highlighting the need for long-term follow-up studies.
Petrified tears: Joy Harjo’s “Exile of Memory” and the story of Lot’s Wife
Authors: Petrolle Jeanne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines how Mvskoke poet Joy Harjo’s poem “Exile of Memory” uses the image of Lot’s Wife from Genesis 19:26 to portray the aftereffects of historical trauma and to investigate the dangers of bearing witness to trauma. “Exile of Memory,” the second poem in Harjo’s 2019 collection An American Sunrise, uses Jewish and Christian scripture to interrogate the role of Christianity and the Bible in colonial violence against the Mvskoke. Commemorating the Trail of Tears period in American history, when President Andrew Jackson unlawfully ordered the forced march of numerous Native communities from the southeastern United States to Oklahoma, “Exile of Memory” deploys biblical imagery to decry atrocities by Christian settlers and to activate the healing power attributed to storytelling in Mvskoke theological and religious tradition.
Phenotype prediction in plants is improved by integrating large-scale transcriptomic datasets
Authors: Wu Zefeng , Sun Yali , Zhao Xiaoqiang , Liu Zigang , Zhou Wenqi , Niu Yining 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Research on the dynamic expression of genes in plants is important for understanding different biological processes. We used the large amounts of transcriptomic data from various plant sample sources that are publicly available to investigate whether the expression levels of a subset of highly variable genes (HVGs) can be used to accurately identify the phenotypes of plants. Using maize (Zea mays L.) as an example, we built machine learning (ML) models to predict phenotypes using a gene expression dataset of 21 612 bulk RNA sequencing samples. We showed that the ML models achieved excellent prediction accuracy using only the HVGs to identify different phenotypes, including tissue types, developmental stages, cultivars and stress conditions. By ML models, several important functional genes were found to be associated with different phenotypes. We performed a similar analysis in rice (Orzya sativa L.) and found that the ML models could be generalized across species. However, the models trained from maize did not perform well in rice, probably because of the expression divergence of the conserved HVGs between the two species. Overall, our results provide an ML framework for phenotype prediction using gene expression profiles, which may contribute to precision management of crops in agricultural practices.
Lattice atom-bridged chemical bond interface facilitates charge transfer for boosted photoelectric response
Authors: Liu Mingwang , Yang Wenhong , Xiao Runshi , Li Jinli , Tan Rong , Qin Ying , Bai Yuxuan , Zheng Lirong , Hu Liuyong , Gu Wenling , Zhu Chengzhou 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The construction of chemical bonds at heterojunction interfaces currently presents a promising avenue for enhancing photogenerated carrier interfacial transfer. However, the deliberate modulation of these interfacial chemical bonds remains a significant challenge. In this study, we successfully established a p-n junction composed of atomic-level Pt-doped CeO2 and 2D metalloporphyrins metal-organic framework nanosheets (Pt-CeO2/CuTCPP(Fe)), which enables the realization of photoelectric enhancement by regulating the interfacial Fe–O bond and optimizing the built-in electric field. Atomic-level Pt doping in CeO2 leads to an increased density of oxygen vacancies and lattice mutation, which induces a transition in interfacial Fe–O bonds from adsorbed oxygen (Fe–OA) to lattice oxygen (Fe–OL). This transition changes the interfacial charge flow pathway from Fe–OA–Ce to Fe–OL, effectively reducing the carrier transport distance along the atomic-level charge transport highway. This results in a 2.5-fold enhancement in photoelectric performance compared with the CeO2/CuTCPP(Fe). Furthermore, leveraging the peroxidase-like activity of the p-n junction, we employed this functional heterojunction interface to develop a photoelectrochemical immunoassay for the sensitive detection of prostate-specific antigens.
Abortion in evolution, caesarean scar pregnancy, and cervical ectopic: discerning the triplets on ultrasound
Authors: Ubom Akaninyene Eseme , Hanzal Engelbert , Kohlberger Petra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
On the second day of my clinical observership in the Obgyn Department of the Vienna University Hospital, I saw a suspected case of caesarean scar pregnancy on follow-up, with one of my very senior professors, in the gynaecology outpatient clinic.

Methods
The 29-year-old multigravida with a previous caesarean section had earlier presented to the emergency room with vaginal bleeding at 7 weeks of gestation.

Results
Ultrasound scan revealed a non-viable low-lying gestational sac located near the caesarean section scar, with a myometrial thickness of 0.96 cm. There was minimal vascular flow during the Doppler interrogation. Her quantitative serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin was 687 IU/l at presentation. This had dropped to 344 IU/l after 48 h, with a further drop to 39 IU/l after a week. Repeat ultrasound scan 1 week after revealed an empty uterus with no visible gestational sac, and vaginal bleeding had resolved. My professor made a final diagnosis of a spontaneous complete abortion.

Conclusions
On reflection, this experience further reinforced the diagnostic dilemma that many clinical conditions can present, the need for a high index of suspicion in diagnosing and differentiating clinical conditions that present similar features, as well as the need for younger clinicians to leverage the better knowledge and experience of more senior colleagues to unknot knotty clinical dilemmas.
QED Five-Loop on the Lattice
Authors: Kitano Ryuichiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We report the result of the numerical lattice computation of the lepton anomalous magnetic moment in quantum electrodynamics up to five loops. We concentrate on the contributions from diagrams without lepton loops, which are the most difficult part of the calculation in the Feynman diagram method, while the lattice formulation is the easiest. Good agreement with the results of the Feynman diagram method is observed.
Read this somewhere before? A critical perspective on mobilizing evidence for improvement via communities of practice in urgent contexts
Authors: Turner Simon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The pandemic represented a context where rapid changes to planning, organization and service delivery were undertaken to respond to an urgent and life-threatening health system problem. There was intense interest in knowledge mobilization—mechanisms that allow the timely sharing of evidence with the aim of supporting improvement—to mitigate the pandemic’s threat to public health and service delivery. In previous literature, one suggested vehicle for rapid knowledge sharing and health service innovation during the pandemic was communities of practice. The concept is that these informal networks sparked knowledge sharing in response to a novel problem; they were later joined by institutional or formal networks that were aligned with the communities of practice model. While sympathetic to this communitarian reading of the response to Covid-19, it jars with my personal experiences of rapid knowledge mobilization during the pandemic (including an experience of plagiarism of Covid-19 related research which stimulated this intervention), and it neglects more critical thinking on the topic of communities of practice. The experience of plagiarism is presented as an introductory vignette, a discursive method used in the communities of practice literature to enable links to be drawn between specific empirical cases and broader conceptual themes. In this article, three mechanisms for knowledge mobilization that have been suggested as important during the pandemic (urgency, engagement, technology) are reinterpreted from a critical communities of practice perspective. It is argued that learning driven by research communities in urgent contexts is moderated by institutional tensions, stakeholder power, and technostress.
Worker Mobility in Production Networks
Authors: Cardoza Marvin , Grigoliy Francesco , Pierriy Nicola , Ruane Cian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper documents that production networks play an essential role in the job search and matching process. We document five facts about worker mobility in production networks using employer-employee data matched with the universe of firm-to-firm transactions for the Dominican Republic: 1) workers move between buyers and suppliers almost twice as much as predicted by standard labor market characteristics, 2) movers between buyers and suppliers experience larger earnings increases than other movers, 3) incumbent workers earnings increase when their firm hires from its buyers or suppliers, 4) firm-to-firm trade increases following supply chain hires, and 5) hiring from buyers or suppliers is associated with stronger firm growth. Survey evidence points to supply chain-specific human capital and better information about job applicants as the main reasons for hiring within the supply chain. These results reveal a new channel through which factors affecting the supply chain, such as international outsourcing or contracting frictions, impact labor markets.
Estimation radon exposure in underground gold mines in Colombia
Authors: Peña Vanessa , Puerta Jorge A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Environmental measurements of Radon and its progeny were carried out in a gold mining area in the department of Antioquia, Colombia. Radon concentration measurements were carried out during 2 y in seven different measurement points in three types of geological zones, by using EPERM electret chambers and DOSEman Pro detectors at each point. Radon concentration values between 858 ± 59 Bq m-3 and 2469 ± 158 Bq m-3 and an equilibrium factor between 0.15 and 0.27 were found. The annual effective dose, taking into account the radon concentration, was determined under two calculation methodologies ([1] and International Commission of Radiological Protection 137), obtaining values of up to 7.7 mSv, and 13.5 mSv, respectively, for 2000 annual working hours, which shows the importance of the dosimetric data and epidemiological studies carried out year after year to reduce the uncertainties regarding estimates of radon exposure and the need to carry out individual monitoring of miners.
In vivo bioengineered tooth formation using decellularized tooth bud extracellular matrix scaffolds
Authors: Zhang Weibo , Yelick Pamela C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The use of dental implants to replace lost or damaged teeth has become increasingly widespread due to their reported high survival and success rates. In reality, the long-term survival of dental implants remains a health concern, based on their short-term predicted survival of ~15 years, significant potential for jawbone resorption, and risk of peri-implantitis. The ability to create functional bioengineered teeth, composed of living tissues with properties similar to those of natural teeth, would be a significant improvement over currently used synthetic titanium implants. To address this possibility, our research has focused on creating biological tooth substitutes. The study presented here validates a potentially clinically relevant bioengineered tooth replacement therapy for eventual use in humans. We created bioengineered tooth buds by seeding decellularized tooth bud (dTB) extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds with human dental pulp cells, porcine tooth bud-derived dental epithelial cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The resulting bioengineered tooth bud constructs were implanted in the mandibles of adult Yucatan minipigs and grown for 2 or 4 months. We observed the formation of tooth-like tissues, including tooth-supporting periodontal ligament tissues, in cell-seeded dTB ECM constructs. This preclinical translational study validates this approach as a potential clinically relevant alternative to currently used dental implants.
Leaf traits and insect herbivory levels in two Mediterranean oaks and their hybrids through contrasting environmental gradients
Authors: González-Carrera Santiago , Fernández-Fuentes Alejandro , Escudero Alfonso , García-Estévez Ignacio , Martínez-Ortega Montserrat , Mediavilla Sonia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Insect herbivory has attracted enormous attention from researchers due to its effects on plant fitness. However, there remain questions such as what are the most important leaf traits that determine consumption levels, whether there are latitudinal gradients in herbivore pressure, or whether there are differences in susceptibility between hybrids and their parental species. In this work, we address all these issues in two species of Mediterranean Quercus (Quercus faginea subsp. faginea Lam. and Quercus pyrenaica Wild.) and their hybrids. Over 2 years, we analyzed leaf emergence and 11 leaf traits (biomechanical, chemical and morphological), as well as the levels of herbivory by insects in leaves of the three genetic groups in different locations distributed along a climatic gradient. The hybrids showed intermediate values between both species in leaf emergence, chemical traits and structural reinforcement. By contrast, they were more similar to Q. faginea in leaf size and shape. Despite their intermediate leaf traits, hybrids always showed lower losses by consumption than both parental species, which suggests that they possess inherent higher resistance to herbivores, which cannot be explained by their dissimilarities in leaf traits. Within each genetic group, differences in leaf size were the most important determinant of differences in herbivory losses, which increased with leaf size. In turn, leaf size increased significantly with the increase in mean annual temperatures across the climatic gradient, in parallel with herbivory losses. In conclusion, contrary to our expectations, hybrids maintained lower levels of herbivory than their parent species. Given the potential negative effect of leaf herbivory on carbon fixation, this advantage of the hybrids would imply a threat to the persistence of both pure species. More research is needed to elucidate possible alternative mechanisms that allow for maintaining species integrity in the absence of reproductive barriers.