bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lonely in a crowd: investigating the association between overcrowding and loneliness using smartphone technologies
Authors: Hammoud Ryan , Tognin Stefania , Bakolis Ioannis , Ivanova Daniela , Fitzpatrick Naomi , Burgess Lucie , Smythe Michael , Gibbons Johanna , Davidson Neil , Mechelli Andrea 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLoneliness is a major public health concern with links to social and environmental factors. Previous studies have typically investigated loneliness as a stable emotional state using retrospective cross-sectional designs. Yet people experience different levels of loneliness throughout the day depending on their surrounding environment. In the present study, we investigated the associations between loneliness and social and environmental factors (i.e. overcrowding, population density, social inclusivity and contact with nature) in real-time. Ecological momentary assessment data was collected from participants using the Urban Mind smartphone application. Data from 756 participants who completed 16,602 assessments between April 2018 and March 2020 were used in order to investigate associations between momentary feeling of loneliness, the social environment (i.e. overcrowding, social inclusivity, population density) and the built environment (i.e. contact with nature) using multilevel modelling. Increased overcrowding and population density were associated with higher levels of loneliness; in contrast, social inclusivity and contact with nature were associated with lower levels of loneliness. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, education and occupation. The positive association between social inclusivity and lower levels of loneliness was more pronounced when participants were in contact with nature, indicating an interaction between the social and built environment on loneliness. The feeling of loneliness changes in relation to both social and environmental factors. Our findings have potential implications for public health strategies and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of loneliness on society. Specific measures, which would increase social inclusion and contact with nature while reducing overcrowding, should be implemented, especially in densely populated cities.
Molecular dynamics simulation study of doxorubicin adsorption on functionalized carbon nanotubes with folic acid and tryptophan
Authors: Arabian Tahereh , Amjad-Iranagh Sepideh , Halladj Rouein 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is used to study the adsorption of the anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), on the wall or surface of pristine and functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs) in an aqueous solution. Initially, the CNTs were functionalized by tryptophan (Trp) and folic acid (FA), and then the DOX molecules were added to the system. The simulation results showed that the drug molecules can intensely interact with the FCNTs at physiological pH. Furthermore, it was found that as a result of functionalization, the solubility of FCNTs in an aqueous solution increases significantly. The effect of pH variation on drug release from both pristine and FCNTs was also investigated. The obtained results indicated that in acidic environments due to protonation of functional groups (Trp) and as a result of repulsive interaction between the DOX molecule and functional groups, the release of DOX molecules from FCNT’s surface is facilitated. The drug release is also strongly dependent on the pH and protonated state of DOX and FCNT.
Bone mineral density and osteoporosis risk in young adults with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kim Sooyoung , Choi Jimi , Cho Moon Kyun , Kim Nam Hoon , Kim Sin Gon , Kim Kyeong Jin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) has been increasing worldwide over the past few decades. AD has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures in adult AD patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) to evaluate osteoporosis risk in young adults with AD by sex. This was a case–control cohort study using a national dataset from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2009. We included young adult AD patients (men aged 19 ≤ and < 50 years, premenopausal women aged 19 ≤ and < 50 years) and 1:5 propensity score weighting controls by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D level, and alcohol/smoking status. BMD was measured by double energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine, femur neck, and total femur. The prevalence of low BMD, defined by a Z-score ≤  − 2.0, was compared between AD and without AD. We analyzed 311 (weighted n = 817,014) AD patients and 8,972 (weighted n = 20,880,643) controls. BMD at the lumbar spine was significantly lower in the male AD group than in the male control group (mean ± SE, 0.954 ± 0.016 vs. 0.989 ± 0.002, P = 0.03). The prevalence of low BMD (Z-score) did not significantly differ between AD and non-AD subjects in both men (3.8% vs. 2.7%, P = 0.56) and women (6.4% vs. 3.3%, P = 0.40). Among AD patients, early age at diagnosis of AD, longer duration of AD, lower BMI, rural residence (for men), less education, low vitamin D level, late menarche, and more pregnancies (for women) were associated with low BMD. In conclusion, low BMD did not occur more frequently in young adults with AD than in non-AD controls. However, early-onset/longer AD duration and lower BMI were associated with low BMD among young adult patients with AD.
Air quality assessment and pollution forecasting using artificial neural networks in Metropolitan Lima-Peru
Authors: Cordova Chardin Hoyos , Portocarrero Manuel Niño Lopez , Salas Rodrigo , Torres Romina , Rodrigues Paulo Canas , López-Gonzales Javier Linkolk 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe prediction of air pollution is of great importance in highly populated areas because it directly impacts both the management of the city’s economic activity and the health of its inhabitants. This work evaluates and predicts the Spatio-temporal behavior of air quality in Metropolitan Lima, Peru, using artificial neural networks. The conventional feedforward backpropagation known as Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and the Recurrent Artificial Neural network known as Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTM) were implemented for the hourly prediction of $$\hbox {PM}_{10}$$

PM
10

based on the past values of this pollutant and three meteorological variables obtained from five monitoring stations. The models were validated using two schemes: The Hold-Out and the Blocked-Nested Cross-Validation (BNCV). The simulation results show that periods of moderate $$\hbox {PM}_{10}$$

PM
10

concentration are predicted with high precision. Whereas, for periods of high contamination, the performance of both models, the MLP and LSTM, were diminished. On the other hand, the prediction performance improved slightly when the models were trained and validated with the BNCV scheme. The simulation results showed that the models obtained a good performance for the CDM, CRB, and SMP monitoring stations, characterized by a moderate to low level of contamination. However, the results show the difficulty of predicting this contaminant in those stations that present critical contamination episodes, such as ATE and HCH. In conclusion, the LSTM recurrent artificial neural networks with BNCV adapt more precisely to critical pollution episodes and have better predictability performance for this type of environmental data.
Groundwater sources for the Mataranka Springs (Northern Territory, Australia)
Authors: Lamontagne Sébastien , Suckow Axel , Gerber Christoph , Deslandes Alec , Wilske Cornelia , Tickell Steven 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Mataranka Springs Complex is the headwater of the iconic Roper River of northern Australia. Using environmental tracers measured in springs and nearby boreholes, the origin of groundwater contributing to the springs was evaluated to help assess the impact of proposed groundwater extraction in the Cambrian Limestone Aquifer (CLA) for irrigation agriculture and for hydraulic fracturing in the Beetaloo Sub-basin (an anticipated world-class unconventional gas reserve). Major ions, Sr, 87Sr/86Sr, δ18O-H2O, δ2H-H2O, 3H, 14C-DIC were consistent with regional groundwater from the Daly and Georgina basins of the CLA as the sources of water sustaining the major springs (Rainbow and Bitter) and one of the minor springs (Warloch Pond). However, 3H = 0.34 TU in another minor spring (Fig Tree) indicated an additional contribution from a young (probably local) source. High concentrations of radiogenic 4He (> 10–7 cm3 STP g–1) at Rainbow Spring, Bitter Spring and in nearby groundwater also indicated an input of deeper, older groundwater. The presence of older groundwater within the CLA demonstrates the need for an appropriate baseline characterisation of the vertical exchange of groundwater in Beetaloo Sub-basin ahead of unconventional gas resource development.
The relationship among social support, experienced stigma, psychological distress, and quality of life among tuberculosis patients in China
Authors: Chen Xu , Xu Jia , Chen Yunting , Wu Ruiheng , Ji Haoqiang , Pan Yuanping , Duan Yuxin , Sun Meng , Du Liang , Gao Mingcheng , Wang Jiawei , Zhou Ling 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe complex relationships among social support, experienced stigma, psychological distress, and quality of life (QOL) among tuberculosis (TB) patients are insufficiently understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the interrelationships among social support, experienced stigma, psychological distress, and QOL and to examine whether experienced stigma and psychological distress play a mediating role. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2020 and March 2021 in Dalian, Liaoning Province, Northeast China. Data were obtained from 473 TB patients using a structured questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypothetical model. The research model provided a good fit to the measured data. All research hypotheses were supported: (1) social support, experienced stigma and psychological distress were associated with QOL; (2) experienced stigma fully mediated the effect of social support on psychological distress; (3) psychological distress fully mediated the effect of experienced stigma on QOL; and (4) experienced stigma and psychological distress were sequential mediators between social support and QOL. This study elucidated the pathways linking social support, experienced stigma, and psychological distress to QOL and provides an empirical basis for improving the QOL of TB patients.
Empirical relations between the intensities of Lyman lines of H and He+
Authors: Gordino M. , Auchère F. , Vial J.-C. , Bocchialini K. , Hassler D. M. , Bando T. , Ishikawa R. , Kano R. , Kobayashi K. , Narukage N. , Trujillo Bueno J. , Winebarger A. 
Published: December 2021

Context.Empirical relations between major UV and extreme UV spectral lines are one of the inputs for models of chromospheric and coronal spectral radiances and irradiances. They are also needed for the interpretation of some of the observations of the Solar Orbiter mission.Aims.We aim to determine an empirical relation between the intensities of the H I121.6 nm and He II30.4 nm Ly-αlines.Methods.Images at 121.6 nm from the Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro Polarimeter (CLASP) and Multiple XUV Imager (MXUVI) sounding rockets were co-registered with simultaneous images at 30.4 nm from the EIT and AIA orbital telescopes in order to derive a spatially resolved relationship between the intensities.Results.We have obtained a relationship between the H I121.6 nm and He II30.4 nm intensities that is valid for a wide range of solar features, intensities, and activity levels. Additional SUMER data have allowed the derivation of another relation between the H I102.5 nm (Ly-β) and He II30.4 nm lines for quiet-Sun regions. We combined these two relationships to obtain a Ly-α/Ly-βintensity ratio that is comparable to the few previously published results.Conclusions.The relationship between the H I121.6 nm and He II30.4 nm lines is consistent with the one previously obtained using irradiance data. We have also observed that this relation is stable in time but that its accuracy depends on the spatial resolution of the observations. The derived Ly-α/Ly-βintensity ratio is also compatible with previous results.
Nonideal self-gravity and cosmology: Importance of correlations in the dynamics of the large-scale structures of the Universe
Authors: Tremblin P. , Chabrier G. , Padioleau T. , Daley-Yates S. 
Published: December 2021

Aims. Inspired by the statistical mechanics of an ensemble of interacting particles (BBGKY hierarchy), we propose to account for small-scale inhomogeneities in self-gravitating astrophysical fluids by deriving a nonideal virial theorem and nonideal Navier-Stokes equations. These equations involve the pair radial distribution function (similar to the two-point correlation function used to characterize the large-scale structures of the Universe), similarly to the interaction energy and equation of state in liquids. Within this framework, small-scale correlations lead to a nonideal amplification of the gravitational interaction energy, whose omission leads to a missing mass problem, for instance, in galaxies and galaxy clusters.
Methods. We propose to use a decomposition of the gravitational potential into a near- and far-field component in order to account for the gravitational force and correlations in the thermodynamics properties of the fluid. Based on the nonideal virial theorem, we also propose an extension of the Friedmann equations in the nonideal regime and use numerical simulations to constrain the contribution of these correlations to the expansion and acceleration of the Universe.
Results. We estimate that the nonideal amplification factor of the gravitational interaction energy of the baryons lies between 5 and 20, potentially explaining the observed value of the Hubble parameter (since the uncorrelated energy accounts for ∼5%). Within this framework, the acceleration of the expansion emerges naturally because the number of substructures induced by gravitational collapse increases, which in turn increases their contribution to the total gravitational energy. A simple estimate predicts a nonideal deceleration parameter qni ≃ −1; this is potentially the first determination of the observed value based on an intuitively physical argument. We also suggest that small-scale gravitational interactions in bound structures (spiral arms or local clustering) could yield a transition to a viscous regime that can lead to flat rotation curves. This transition could also explain the dichotomy between (Keplerian) low surface brightness elliptical galaxy and (nonkeplerian) spiral galaxy rotation profiles. Overall, our results demonstrate that nonideal effects induced by inhomogeneities must be taken into account, potentially with our formalism, in order to properly determine the gravitational dynamics of galaxies and the large-scale Universe.
Improved prescription for winding an electromagnet
Authors: Crawford Christopher B. , Straley Joseph P. 
Published: December 2021

We describe an improvement on the magnetic scalar potential approach to design an electromagnet, which incorporates the need to wind the coil as a helix. Any magnetic field that can be described by a magnetic scalar potential is produced with high fidelity within a Target region; all fields are confined within a larger Return. The helical winding only affects the field in the Return.
Vibrational dynamics of iron pentacarbonyl in cryogenic matrices
Authors: Thon Raphaël , Chin Wutharath , Chamma Didier , Jonusas Mindaugas , Galaup Jean-Pierre , Crépin Claudine 
Published: December 2021

Iron pentacarbonyl is a textbook example of fluxionality. We trap the molecule in cryogenic matrices to study the vibrational dynamics of CO stretching modes involved in the fluxional rearrangement. The infrared spectrum in Ar and N2 is composed of about ten narrow bands in the spectral range of interest, indicating the population of various lattice sites and a lowering of the molecular symmetry in the trapping sites. The vibrational dynamics is explored by means of infrared stimulated photon echoes at the femtosecond scale. Vibrational dephasing and population relaxation times are obtained. The non-linear signals exhibit strong oscillations useful to disentangle the site composition of the absorption spectrum. The population relaxation involves at least two characteristic times. An evolution of the photon echo signals with the waiting time is observed. The behavior of all the signals can be reproduced within a simple model that describes the population relaxation occurring in two steps: relaxation of v = 1 (population time T1 &lt; 100 ps) and return to v = 0 (recovery time &gt; 1 ns). These two steps explain the evolution of the oscillations with the waiting time in the photon echo signals. These results discard fluxional rearrangement on the time scale of hundreds of ps in our samples. Dephasing times are of the same order of magnitude as T1: dephasing processes due to the matrix environment are rather inefficient. The photon echo experiments also reveal that intermolecular resonant vibrational energy transfers between guest molecules occur at the hundreds of ps time scale in concentrated samples (guest/host &gt; 104).
An interview with Joanna Suau from Infobip on the design of application programming interface (API) documentation
Authors: Bohm Thomas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

About Joanna Suau

Joanna studied English literature and culture at the University of Silesia in Poland, where she was born. She did a technical writing postgraduate degree in the picturesque city of Krakow and moved to the U.K. in 2012, to work for shipping solutions provider Pierbridge, where she mainly focused on user guides and walkthroughs of various types of shipping applications.
Interested in what makes an app tick, Joanna started learning programming language (JavaScript) and explored CSS and HTML in more detail. This is when she discovered her passion for writing clean and appealing developer-oriented documentation, and moved to the start-up company Moltin, to become a part of the Developer Success team.
Joanna has changed industry, and currently works in the field of telecommunication. She works for a messaging services provider, Infobip, contributing content to their robust API solutions.
The metapragmatics of legal advice communication in the field of immigration law
Authors: Jacobs Marie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Metapragmatic comments are crucial in lawyers’ attempts at managing legal advice communication with asylum
seekers. Drawing on linguistic-ethnographic fieldwork in the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium, this paper aims to demonstrate
how/when/why textual features which tell interactants how to interpret the ongoing speech are used in the context of lawyer-client
communication in the field of immigration law. The data analysis reveals how lawyers frame the discursive conditions (i.e.
linguistic diversity, the institutional need for efficiency and the presence of emotional lifeworld concerns) of the local
interaction in the lawyer’s office. This is necessary as clients are not always acquainted with the discursive routines of the
legal consultation, nor aware of its position within the wider chain of discursive asylum events. As many aspects of the legal
advice context resemble the interactional conditions of the government-asylum seeker communication, it proves key yet challenging
for lawyers to metapragmatically signal their advocating role in a way that enables a relationship of rapport with their
client.
Naupactus xanthographus
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: December 2021

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for
Naupactus xanthographus
(Germar), Coleoptera: Curculionidae. Hosts: polyphagous, especially grape (
Vitis vinifera
), but also avocado (
Persea americana
), kiwi (
Actinidia
sp.) and fruit species of
Malus, Pyrus, Prunus
and
Citrus
. Information is given on the geographical distribution in South America (Argentina, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Chile, Easter Island, Paraguay and Uruguay).
Oryctes elegans
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: December 2021

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for
Oryctes elegans
Prell. Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae. Host: date palm (
Phoenix dactylifera
). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kuwait, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen).
Hypsipyla grandella
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: December 2021

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for
Hypsipyla grandella
(Zeller). Lepidoptera: Pyralidae. Hosts: Spanish cedar (
Cedrela odorata
), mahogany (
Swietenia macrophylla
), American mahogany (
S. mahagoni
), African mahogany (
Khaya senegalensis
). Information is given on the geographical distribution in North America (Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Florida), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Acre, Amapa, Amazones, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Para, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela).
Fixed-distance multipoint formulas for the scattering amplitude from phaseless measurements
Authors: Novikov R G , Sivkin V N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We give new formulas for finding the complex (phased) scattering amplitude at fixed frequency and angles from absolute values of the scattering wave function at several points x
1, …, x

m
. In dimension d ⩾ 2, for m > 2, we significantly improve previous results in the following two respects. First, geometrical constraints on the points needed in previous results are significantly simplified. Essentially, the measurement points x

j
are assumed to be on a ray from the origin with fixed distance τ = |x

j+1 − x

j
|, and high order convergence (linearly related to m) is achieved as the points move to infinity with fixed τ. Second, our new asymptotic reconstruction formulas are significantly simpler than previous ones. In particular, we continue studies going back to Novikov (2015 Bull. Sci. Math.
139 923–936).
Low rank matrix recovery with adversarial sparse noise*
Authors: Xu Hang , Li Song , Lin Junhong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many problems in data science can be treated as recovering a low-rank matrix from a small number of random linear measurements, possibly corrupted with adversarial noise and dense noise. Recently, a bunch of theories on variants of models have been developed for different noises, but with fewer theories on the adversarial noise. In this paper, we study low-rank matrix recovery problem from linear measurements perturbed by ℓ
1-bounded noise and sparse noise that can arbitrarily change an adversarially chosen ω-fraction of the measurement vector. For Gaussian measurements with nearly optimal number of measurements, we show that the nuclear-norm constrained least absolute deviation (LAD) can successfully estimate the ground-truth matrix for any ω < 0.239. Similar robust recovery results are also established for an iterative hard thresholding algorithm applied to the rank-constrained LAD considering geometrically decaying step-sizes, and the unconstrained LAD based on matrix factorization as well as its subgradient descent solver.