bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Background Parenchymal Enhancement on Breast MRI: Assessment and Clinical Implications
Authors: Chalfant James S. , Mortazavi Shabnam , Lee-Felker Stephanie A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo present recent literature regarding the assessment and clinical implications of background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI.Recent FindingsThe qualitative assessment of BPE remains variable within the literature, as well as in clinical practice. Several different quantitative approaches have been investigated in recent years, most commonly region of interest-based and segmentation-based assessments. However, quantitative assessment has not become standard in clinical practice to date. Numerous studies have demonstrated a clear association between higher BPE and future breast cancer risk. While higher BPE does not appear to significantly impact cancer detection, it may result in a higher abnormal interpretation rate. BPE is also likely a marker of pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with decreases in BPE during and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy correlated with pCR. In contrast, pre-treatment BPE does not appear to be predictive of pCR. The association between BPE and prognosis is less clear, with heterogeneous results in the literature.SummaryAssessment of BPE continues to evolve, with heterogeneity in approaches to both qualitative and quantitative assessment. The level of BPE has important clinical implications, with associations with future breast cancer risk and treatment response. BPE may also be an imaging marker of prognosis, but future research is needed on this topic.
Considerations in Management for Trans and Gender Diverse Patients with Inherited Cancer Risk
Authors: Coad Beth , Giblin Josephine , Walsh Reubs J. , Kuczkowska Oliwia , von Vaupel-Klein Alexander M. , Berner Alison 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To best support all patients with inherited cancer risk, we must broaden our scope of practice to consider the needs of the transgender and gender diverse (trans) community. We considered best practice for supporting trans patients including tailored risk assessments and management recommendations.

Recent Findings
There is limited literature considering trans patient care in cancer genetics. Small case studies have highlighted how medical transition and cancer risk–reducing options intersect with the need for individualised care. Studies have also shown that cancer genetics professionals do not feel prepared to support trans patients.

Summary
Patient-centred care for trans patients relies on a multidisciplinary team (MDT) engaged in shared decision-making. National guidelines are needed to standardise access to appropriate discussions around risk-reducing options and screening. International collaborative research is required to provide empiric data on the impact of gender-affirming treatments on cancer risk, and more experiential data is needed from trans patients accessing cancer genetics services. Finally, education and training in this area should be formally embedded for all cancer genetics professionals.
Garnet-type solid electrolyte: Advances of ionic transport performance and its application in all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Gonzalez Puente P. M. , Song Shangbin , Cao Shiyu , Rannalter Leana Ziwen , Pan Ziwen , Xiang Xing , Shen Qiang , Chen Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAll-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs), which use solid electrolytes instead of liquid ones, have become a hot research topic due to their high energy and power density, ability to solve battery safety issues, and capabilities to fulfill the increasing demand for energy storage in electric vehicles and smart grid applications. Garnet-type solid electrolytes have attracted considerable interest as they meet all the properties of an ideal solid electrolyte for ASSLBs. The garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) has excellent environmental stability; experiments and computational analyses showed that this solid electrolyte has a high lithium (Li) ionic conductivity (10−4–10−3 S·cm−1), an electrochemical window as wide as 6 V, stability against Li metal anode, and compatibility with most of the cathode materials. In this review, we present the fundamentals of garnet-type solid electrolytes, preparation methods, air stability, some strategies for improving the conductivity based on experimental and computational results, interfacial issues, and finally applications and challenges for future developments of LLZO solid electrolytes for ASSLBs.
What is the Blue Economy? A spatialised governmentality perspective
Authors: Midlen Alex 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Blue Economy is a recent economic development paradigm, being promoted worldwide as a way to deliver sustainable ocean development in the context of the sustainable development goals. Research has drawn attention to its contested nature and the propensity of sectoral interests to co-opt it to their own ends. An emerging body of critical studies of the Blue Economy, as practiced, provides an opportunity to address the question “What is the blue economy?” in new ways. This review of published empirical case studies initiates a conversation between governmentality concepts and place-space–time theory, aiming to open new lines of enquiry regarding the influence of spatiality on the nature of governance. This approach has allowed the elucidation of a complex and nuanced understanding of the Blue Economy, complementing earlier discourse and content analyses. In relation to Blue Economy governance, I pose the specific question, “Does place matter?”, leading to an interrogation of material and spatial relations in Blue Economy governance. I describe a complex spatialised governmentality, dominated by growth-based imaginaries and market-led practices. I draw attention to the production of ocean space through socio-material Blue Economy relations and the material and spatial contingency of its governance. Finally, I draw a distinction between “place” and “location” which has important consequences for Blue Economy governance.
LPbyCD: a new scalable and interpretable approach for Link Prediction via Community Detection in bipartite networks
Authors: Koptelov Maksim , Zimmermann Albrecht , Crémilleux Bruno , Soualmia Lina F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany aspects from real life with bi-relational structure can be modeled as bipartite networks. This modeling allows the use of some standard solutions for prediction and/or recommendation of new relations between objects in such networks. In this work, we combine an existing bipartite local models method with approaches for link prediction from communities to address the link prediction problem in this type of networks. The motivation of this work stems from the importance of an application task, drug–target interaction prediction. Searching valid drug candidates for a given biological target is an essential part of modern drug development. We model the problem as link prediction in a bipartite multi-layer network, which helps to aggregate different sources of information into one single structure and as a result improves the quality of link prediction. We adapt existing community measures for link prediction to the case of bipartite multi-layer networks, propose alternative ways for exploiting communities, and show experimentally that our approach is competitive with the state-of-the-art. We also demonstrate the scalability of our approach and assess interpretability. Additional evaluations on data of a different origin than drug–target interactions demonstrate the genericness of the proposed approach.
A Semantics-Based Trajectory Segmentation Simplification Method
Authors: Liu Minshi , He Guifang , Long Yi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the development of mobile positioning technology, a large amount of mobile trajectory data has been generated. Therefore, to store, process and mine trajectory data in a better way, trajectory data simplification is imperative. Current trajectory data simplification methods are either based on spatiotemporal features or semantic features, such as road network structure, but they do not consider semantic features of a trajectory stop. To overcome this limitation, this study presents a trajectory segmentation simplification method based on stop features. The proposed method first extracts the stop feature of a trajectory, then divides the trajectory into move segments and stop segments based on the stop features, and finally simplifies the obtained segments. The proposed method is verified by experiments on personal trajectory data and taxi trajectory data. Compared with the classic spatiotemporal simplification method, the proposed method has higher spatiotemporal and semantic accuracy under different simplification scales. The proposed method is especially suitable for trajectory data with more stop features.
Artificial photosynthesis: photoanodes based on polyquinoid dyes onto mesoporous tin oxide surface
Authors: Volpato Giulia Alice , Colusso Elena , Paoloni Lorenzo , Forchetta Mattia , Sgarbossa Francesco , Cristino Vito , Lunardon Marco , Berardi Serena , Caramori Stefano , Agnoli Stefano , Sabuzi Federica , Umari Paolo , Martucci Alessandro , Galloni Pierluca , Sartorel Andrea 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells represent an appealing solution for artificial photosynthesis, aimed at the conversion of solar light into fuels or commodity chemicals. Extensive efforts have been directed towards the development of photoelectrodes combining semiconductor materials and organic dyes; the use of molecular components allows to tune the absorption and redox properties of the material. Recently, we have reported the use of a class of pentacyclic quinoid organic dyes (KuQuinone) chemisorbed onto semiconducting tin oxide as photoanodes for water oxidation. In this work, we investigate the effect of the SnO2 semiconductor thickness and morphology and of the dye-anchoring group on the photoelectrochemical performance of the electrodes. The optimized materials are mesoporous SnO2 layers with 2.5 μm film thickness combined with a KuQuinone dye with a 3-carboxylpropyl-anchoring chain: these electrodes achieve light-harvesting efficiency of 93% at the maximum absorption wavelength of 533 nm, and photocurrent density J up to 350 μA/cm2 in the photoelectrochemical oxidation of ascorbate, although with a limited incident photon-to-current efficiency of 0.075%. Calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) support the role of the reduced species of the KuQuinone dye via a proton-coupled electron transfer as the competent species involved in the electron transfer to the tin oxide semiconductor. Finally, a preliminary investigation of the photoelectrodes towards benzyl alcohol oxidation is presented, achieving photocurrent density up to 90 μA/cm2 in acetonitrile in the presence of N-hydroxysuccinimide and pyridine as redox mediator and base, respectively. These results support the possibility of using molecular-based materials in synthetic photoelectrochemistry.

Graphic abstract
Novel Computer-Aided Diagnosis Software for the Prevention of Retained Surgical Items
Authors: Yamaguchi Shun , Soyama Akihiko , Ono Shinichiro , Hamauzu Shin , Yamada Masahiko , Fukuda Toru , Hidaka Masaaki , Tsurumoto Toshiyuki , Uetani Masataka , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: September 2021

Background
Retained surgical items are a serious human error. Surgical sponges account for 70% of retained surgical items. To prevent retained surgical sponges, it is important to establish a system that can identify errors and avoid the occurrence of adverse events. To date, no computer-aided diagnosis software specialized for detecting retained surgical sponges has been reported. We developed a software program that enables easy and effective computer-aided diagnosis of retained surgical sponges with high sensitivity and specificity using the technique of deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence.

Study Design
In this study, we developed the software by training it through deep learning using a dataset and then validating the software. The dataset consisted of a training set and validation set. We created composite x-rays consisting of normal postoperative x-rays and surgical sponge x-rays for a training set (n = 4,554) and a validation set (n = 470). Phantom x-rays (n = 12) were prepared for software validation. X-rays obtained with surgical sponges inserted into cadavers were used for validation purposes (formalin: Thiel’s method = 252:117). In addition, postoperative x-rays without retained surgical sponges were used for the validation of software performance to determine false-positive rates. Sensitivity, specificity, and false positives per image were calculated.

Results
In the phantom x-rays, both the sensitivity and specificity in software image interpretation were 100%. The software achieved 97.7% sensitivity and 83.8% specificity in the composite x-rays. In the normal postoperative x-rays, 86.6% specificity was achieved. In reading the cadaveric x-rays, the software attained both sensitivity and specificity of >90%.

Conclusions
Software with high sensitivity for diagnosis of retained surgical sponges was developed successfully.

Visual Abstract
Narcissistic Personality Traits and Sexual Dysfunction in Women: The Role of Body Image Self-Consciousness
Authors: Pavanello Decaro Sofia , Di Sarno Marco , Anzani Annalisa , Di Pierro Rossella , Prunas Antonio 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundIndividuals with narcissistic traits, specifically vulnerable ones, are more prone to experiencing concerns related to self-worth and physical appearance and to showing heightened sensitivity to appearance evaluation. Negative body image and body image self-consciousness may, in turn, undermine sexual functioning, especially when apprehension is related to body appearance in sexual contexts.MethodsWe aimed to evaluate the associations between self-reported pathological narcissistic traits, both grandiose and vulnerable, and sexual functioning in a large sample of nonclinical women (N = 656). Furthermore, we tested the mediating role of body image self-consciousness in these associations.OutcomesSexual functioning was measured through the Female Sexual Function Index.RESULTSThe results highlight that vulnerable narcissistic traits are associated with lower sexual functioning, this association being mediated by higher levels of body image self-consciousness. Conversely, grandiose narcissistic traits are linked to lower body image self-consciousness and, consequently, higher levels of sexual functioning.Clinical ImplicationsConsidering the link between body image self-consciousness and sexuality is of utmost importance in clinical practice with women, as well as in promoting positive body appreciation. Clinicians working with individuals presenting with pathological personality traits should consider including an assessment of their sexual functioning.
Prejudice in Testimonial Justification: A Hinge Account
Authors: Boncompagni Anna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough research on epistemic injustice has focused on the effects of prejudice in epistemic exchanges, the account of prejudice that emerges in Fricker's (2007) view is not completely clear. In particular, I claim that the epistemic role of prejudice in the structure of testimonial justification is still in need of a satisfactory explanation. What special epistemic power does prejudice exercise that prevents the speaker's words from constituting evidence for the hearer's belief? By clarifying this point, it will be possible to address two more general issues concerning the nature of prejudice: its resistance to counterevidence and the steps involved in overcoming prejudice. I propose a hinge account of prejudice, based on the recent perspective of hinge epistemology, to help clarify these aspects. According to the hinge account, prejudices share a fundamental feature with hinges: they work as norms of evidential significance, and as such, they determine what can and cannot count as evidence for belief.
INFORMATION IN PROPOSITIONAL PROOFS AND ALGORITHMIC PROOF SEARCH
Authors: KRAJÍČEK JAN 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe study from the proof complexity perspective the (informal) proof search problem (cf. [17, Sections 1.5 and 21.5]): •Is there an optimal way to search for propositional proofs?We note that, as a consequence of Levin’s universal search, for any fixed proof system there exists a time-optimal proof search algorithm. Using classical proof complexity results about reflection principles we prove that a time-optimal proof search algorithm exists without restricting proof systems iff a p-optimal proof system exists.To characterize precisely the time proof search algorithms need for individual formulas we introduce a new proof complexity measure based on algorithmic information concepts. In particular, to a proof system P we attach information-efficiency function
$i_P(\tau )$
assigning to a tautology a natural number, and we show that: •
$i_P(\tau )$
characterizes time any P-proof search algorithm has to use on
$\tau $
,•for a fixed P there is such an information-optimal algorithm (informally: it finds proofs of minimal information content),•a proof system is information-efficiency optimal (its information-efficiency function is minimal up to a multiplicative constant) iff it is p-optimal,•for non-automatizable systems P there are formulas
$\tau $
with short proofs but having large information measure
$i_P(\tau )$
.We isolate and motivate the problem to establish unconditional super-logarithmic lower bounds for
$i_P(\tau )$
where no super-polynomial size lower bounds are known. We also point out connections of the new measure with some topics in proof complexity other than proof search.
DESCRIPTIVE COMPLEXITY IN CANTOR SERIES
Authors: AIREY DYLAN , JACKSON STEVE , MANCE BILL 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA Cantor series expansion for a real number x with respect to a basic sequence
$Q=(q_1,q_2,\dots )$
, where
$q_i \geq 2$
, is a generalization of the base b expansion to an infinite sequence of bases. Ki and Linton in 1994 showed that for ordinary base b expansions the set of normal numbers is a
$\boldsymbol {\Pi }^0_3$
-complete set, establishing the exact complexity of this set. In the case of Cantor series there are three natural notions of normality: normality, ratio normality, and distribution normality. These notions are equivalent for base b expansions, but not for more general Cantor series expansions. We show that for any basic sequence the set of distribution normal numbers is
$\boldsymbol {\Pi }^0_3$
-complete, and if Q is
$1$
-divergent then the sets of normal and ratio normal numbers are
$\boldsymbol {\Pi }^0_3$
-complete. We further show that all five non-trivial differences of these sets are
$D_2(\boldsymbol {\Pi }^0_3)$
-complete if
$\lim _i q_i=\infty $
and Q is
$1$
-divergent. This shows that except for the trivial containment that every normal number is ratio normal, these three notions are as independent as possible.
Bookbinders in the Early Modern Venetian Book Trade
Authors: Gialdini Anna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBookbinders are still among the least known of the professions of the early modern Italian book trade, partly because they rarely signed their work. However, they had an undeniably fundamental role in the production and circulation of books (both manuscript and printed) across Italy, and especially in Venice, where the book trade was a particularly lively industry. In recent years, there has been a strong interest in early modern material culture but little attention has been paid to bookbinders, who quite literally shaped the materiality of books. This article looks at the scarcity of documentary sources on Venetian bookbinders between 1450 and 1630 both as a methodological challenge and as evidence of their role in local production and consumption of books. It explores both the lack of sources documenting the professional lives of binders, and sources traditionally underused in book history, to highlight the social lives of binders. Evidence of binders’ family finances, marriages, and social and geographical mobilities is used to identify their lower social standing in the early modern Venetian book world in comparison to booksellers, the overlapping of their professional roles, and the locations of binders’ workshops in the topography of the city.
FAT-based robust adaptive control of cooperative multiple manipulators without velocity measurement
Authors: Deylami Ali , Izadbakhsh Alireza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article addresses the problem of pose and force control in a cooperative system comprised of multiple n-degree-of-freedom (n-DOF) electrically driven robotic arms that move a payload. The proposed controller should be capable of maintaining the position and orientation of the payload in the desired path. In addition, the force exerted by robot end effectors on the object must remain limited. The system has unmodeled dynamics, and measuring the robot joint velocities is impossible. Therefore, a FAT-based observer–controller is designed to estimate the uncertainty and velocities based on universal approximation property of Fourier series expansion. The stability of the system is confirmed based on Lyapunov’s stability theorem. Finally, the proposed adaptive controller–observer is applied on two 3-DOF cooperative robotic arms carrying a payload, and the results are precisely analyzed. The results of the proposed approach are also compared with two state-of-art powerful approximation method.
Variable-time-interval trajectory optimization-based dynamic walking control of bipedal robot
Authors: Selim Erman , Alcı Musa , Altıntas Mert 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBipedal robots by their nature show both hybrid and underactuated system features which are not stable and controllable at every point of joint space. They are only controllable on certain fixed equilibrium points and some trajectories that are periodically stable between these points. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the trajectory in the control of walking robots. However, trajectory optimization causes a heavy computational load. Conventional methods to reduce the computational load weaken the optimization accuracy. As a solution, a variable time interval trajectory optimization method is proposed. In this study, optimization accuracy can be increased without additional computational time. Moreover, a five-link planar biped walking robot is designed, produced, and the dynamic walking is controlled with the proposed method. Finally, cost of transport (CoT) values are calculated and compared with other methods in the literature to reveal the contribution of the study. According to comparisons, the proposed method increases the optimization accuracy and decreases the CoT value.