bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning electrical circuits for the development of critical thinking
Authors: Escobar Moreno F , Ramírez Díaz M H 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article presents an articulated proposal of two pedagogical approaches to favor the development of critical thinking from a physics topic. The purpose is to design a didactic sequence for the subject of electrical circuits, using two articulated pedagogical approaches so that students from a school of engineering in Mexico must solve an engineering problem linked to a relevant topic of physics, such as the characteristics of electrical circuits, the problem must be solved methodologically and systematically. The inquiry approach is quantitative, with a quasi-experimental design, a validated instrument is used for data collection. Subsequently, the hypothesis test for differences between means is applied and the results are analyzed. Thus, it is found that the development of critical thinking is incipient; however, the assessment of physics learning products reveals relevant findings such as the promotion of creativity. Likewise, the problem presented to the students allows them to contextualize their learning and recognize the relevance and application of the characteristics of electrical circuits. This inquiry confirms that the development of critical thinking through physics improves the comprehensive training of engineers. Therefore, according to the results, there is empirical evidence that both articulated methodologies can gradually favor the development of critical thinking; In addition, the methodological and contextualized learning of physics through the subject of electrical circuits is applied to a branch of engineering.
Gains in active learning of physics: a measurement applying the test of understanding graphs of kinematics
Authors: Hernández C A , Prada Núñez R , Gamboa A A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo teach the subject of physics in the classroom it is required that the teacher has and plans to carry a didactic strategy with him. Within this context is the methodology called Active physics learning, which is a strategy within the classroom and in the laboratory, as it allows the student to learn physics without depending on a textbook or the teacher who guides the course. The test of understanding graphs of kinematics assesses students’ comprehension of kinematics. We report the application of an active learning experience for the conceptual learning of kinematics of students taking the subject of physics in an elementary and middle school. The study is quasi-experimental with a single group of 29 students using a pretest-intervention-posttest design. With the results of the pretest and posttest the Hake learning gain index was estimated and showed evidence of the implementation of active learning in the conceptual evolution of students in kinematic concepts and their representation by means of graphs. This becomes a precedent for the improvement of pedagogical practice in favor of quality education.
Digital portfolio: a tool for learning physics
Authors: Espinel-Rubio G A , Hernández-Suarez C A , Paz-Montes L S 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe digital portfolio is a student-student, student-teacher interaction tool where formative assessment plays an important role in the learning of physics, with which the progress of students is monitored, the entire training process is evaluated and supported of the student, according to the planning and contents of the physics course. Therefore, this article describes the use of the digital portfolio as a tool for learning in students of a teacher training program in natural sciences and environmental education at a public university in Colombia. It is a quantitative study with a non-experimental design. The research subjects were students taking the subject of basic physics. The results indicate that students perceive the portfolio as a tool that allows monitoring and reflection of their learning and favor the integration of what they have learned, which supports the use of this tool, in accordance with the results of evaluation of the students’ formative process. However, the use of the portfolio requires a continuous process of change and innovation, monitoring and permanent feedback between the teacher and the students.
Regularization algorithm and its implementation in general systems theory and its implications in physics
Authors: Mesa F , Devia D M , Correa G 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn recent years a new physics known as complexity has emerged, whose fundamental structure is based on the general theory of systems or the so-called mathematical biology. There, problems arise with a large number of variables on which decisions must be made, and it is important to have selection techniques that are robust and efficient, In this research work, a couple of techniques are presented that will serve the aforementioned purpose; these are: the Lasso regularized linear regression technique and the Ridge regression technique, the latter with the slight difference in the penalty, since it makes use of a different rule than the Euclidean one, which implies very different consequences. One of these techniques was applied in a clinical problem and corresponds to the study of patients with diabetes. With this objective, the algorithm of descent of coordinates was implemented for the type of regularization loop and the analytical solution of regression of ridges. In addition, Kernels was used for the implementation of the regularized vector machine. The above algorithms were compared with the Ridge regularization and the Euclidean regularized vector machine. These types of techniques are common in physics, and it is vitally important to be able to implement other types of rules for a problem in which the choice of them can be simplified.
Mathematical and physical techniques of modeling and simulation of pattern recognition in the stock market
Authors: Montoya O D , Narváez D D , Ramárez Vanegas C A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The following article presents the analysis through mathematical and physical techniques of large databases, which are very common today, due to the large number of variables (especially in the information and physics industry) and the amount of information that results from a process, therefore an analysis is necessary that allows the Decision in a responsible manner, looking for scientific criteria that support said decisions, in our case a database of the forex system will be taken. Initially, a study and calculation of different measurements between the samples and their characteristics will be carried out to make a good prediction of the data and their behavior using different classification methods inspired by basic sciences. Below is an explanation of the techniques based on the analysis of data components and the correlations that exist between the variables, which is a technique widely used in physical processes to determine the correlations between variables.
Modeling of the physical phenomenon of heat generation by using partial differential equations
Authors: Cadena Morales J J , López Castro C A , Rojas Molano H F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The equations of mathematical physics are a natural environment for modeling physical phenomena, an example of the above is evidenced by the heat equation in relation to its use in a variety of applications; directly related to the equations of mathematical physics are the solution methods that are used to construct the predictive models. This paper describes step by step the analytical method of separation of variables to perform a complete description of the heat conduction phenomenon in the presence of a heat generation source. The investigation by using mathematical arguments allowed to calculate the temperature function as the addition of a Fourier series and a function which represents the steady state; by performing a computational simulation, it was possible to demonstrate the accuracy of the results achieved.
Validation of the modified Témez rational model in the watersheds of Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Cely-Calixto N J , Carrillo Soto G A , Becerra-Moreno D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Physics includes the study and investigation of the phases that make up the hydrological cycle, including the estimation of flow rates in river basins, most of which are not instrumented, i.e., they lack historical records of circulating flows. For this situation, the application of hydrological models can allow flow estimates to be made. In the Department of Norte de Santander, Colombia, some watersheds do not have instrumentation for flow measurement or hydrological modeling methodologies appropriate to the site. Therefore, methods such as the modified rational model of Teméz are used, even without knowing the relevance of its applicability to the site conditions. Consequently, for the present research, the Teméz model was validated in watersheds of the Norte de Santander Department to estimate the values of extreme flows with a return period of 100 years. In this sense, 11 watersheds were selected, which contained historical rainfall data greater than 20 years and a drainage network of fewer than 1000 Km2. It was found that the Teméz model overestimates the real flows of the 11 hydrological basins, where the climatological parameters used in the application of the Fhrüling factor and its statistical verification using multivariate regression did not achieve an acceptable correlation.
Teaching the concept of the uniform plane wave from mathematical modeling
Authors: Soto-Vergel A J , Medina-Delgado B , Palacios-Alvarado W 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe discovery of electromagnetic waves enabled us to understand electricity, magnetism, and optics under the same field; therefore, it is important for electronic and related engineers to understand the concept of the uniform plane wave, which represents the simplest case of an electromagnetic wave propagating through a medium. However, this concept is taught with a theoretical approach, shows a need for a methodological change towards experimentation to mitigate poor learning in students causing a high failure rate in electromagnetism courses. In this context, this work presents a methodological alternative for teaching the concept of the uniform plane wave, combining the CUVIMA model with the didactics of mathematical modelling, to link experimentation and provide cognitive support to the conceptualization of the physical phenomenon. For it, a single-group design is implemented, with pre-test and post-test, to know about previous ideas and identify the conceptual change achieved for the students. When applying the Student’s t-test at a significance level of 5%, a significant difference is evident between the means of the study groups. It is concluded that there is a favorable and representative conceptual change in the students, with respect to the understanding of the physical phenomenon represented by the concept of the uniform plane wave.
Characterization of milkweed-seed gust response
Authors: Galler Joshua N , Rival David E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Inspired by the reproductive success of plant species that employ bristled seeds for wind-borne dispersal, this study investigates the gust response of milkweed seeds, selected for their near-spherical shape. Gust-response experiments are performed to determine whether these porous bodies offer unique aerodynamic properties. Optical motion-tracking and particle image velocimetry (PIV) are used to characterize the dynamics of milkweed seed samples as they freely respond to a flow perturbation produced in an unsteady, gust wind tunnel. The observed seed acceleration ratio was found to agree with that of similar-sized soap bubbles as well as theoretical predictions, suggesting that aerodynamic performance does not degrade with porosity. Observations of high-velocity and high-vorticity fluid deflected around the body, obtained via time-resolved PIV measurements, suggest that there is minimal flow through the porous sphere. Therefore, despite the seed’s porosity, the formation of a region of fluid shear, accompanied by vorticity roll-up around the body and in its wake, is not suppressed, as would normally be expected for porous bodies. Thus, the seeds achieve instantaneous drag exceeding that of a solid sphere (e.g. bubble) over the first eight convective times of the perturbation. Therefore, while the steady-state drag produced by porous bodies is typically lower than that of a solid counterpart, an enhanced drag response is generated during the initial flow acceleration period.
Greening-induced increase in evapotranspiration over Eurasia offset by CO2-induced vegetational stomatal closure
Authors: Zhang Xuanze , Zhang Yongqiang , Ma Ning , Kong Dongdong , Tian Jing , Shao Xingmin , Tang Qiuhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Evapotranspiration (ET), as a key exchanging component of the land energy, water and carbon cycles, is expected to increase in response to greening land under a warming climate. However, the relative importance of major drivers (e.g. leaf area index (LAI), climate forcing, atmospheric CO2, etc) to long-term ET change remain largely unclear. Focusing on the Eurasia which experienced the strong vegetational greening, we aim to estimate the long-term ET trend and its drivers’ relative contributions by applying a remote sensing-based water-carbon coupling model— Penman–Monteith–Leuning version 2 (PML-V2) driven by observational climate forcing and CO2 records, and satellite-based LAI, albedo and emissivity. The PML-V2 estimated an increasing ET trend (6.20 ± 1.13 mm year−1 decade−1, p < 0.01) over Eurasia during 1982–2014, which is close to the ensemble mean (6.51 ± 3.10 mm year−1 decade−1) from other three ET products (GLEAMv3.3a, ERA5 and CRv1.0). The PML-based ET overall agrees well with water-balance derived ET in detecting the trend directions. We find that the Eurasian ET increasing trend was mostly from vegetated regions over central and eastern Europe, Indian and southeast China where ET trends were larger than 20 mm year−1 decade−1. Modeling sensitivity experiments indicate that the Eurasian ET trend was mainly dominated by positive contributions from climate forcing change (40%) and increased LAI (22%), but largely offset by a negative contribution of increased CO2 (26%). Our results highlight the importance of the suppression effect of increasing CO2-induced stomatal closure on transpiration. This effect was rarely considered in diagnostic ET products but plays a key role to ensure that the long-term ET trend should not be overestimated by only accounting for greening-induced increases in transpiration and rainfall interception.
The variability of volatile organic compounds in the indoor air of clinical environments
Authors: Salman Dahlia , Ibrahim Wadah , Kanabar Amisha , Joyce Abigail , Zhao Bo , Singapuri Amisha , Wilde Michael , Cordell Rebecca L , McNally Teresa , Ruszkiewicz Dorota , Hadjithekli Andria , Free Robert , Greening Neil , Gaillard Erol A , Beardsmore Caroline , Monks Paul , Brightling Chris , Siddiqui Salman , Thomas C L Paul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The development of clinical breath-analysis is confounded by the variability of background volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Reliable interpretation of clinical breath-analysis at individual, and cohort levels requires characterisation of clinical-VOC levels and exposures. Active-sampling with thermal-desorption/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry recorded and evaluated VOC concentrations in 245 samples of indoor air from three sites in a large National Health Service (NHS) provider trust in the UK over 27 months. Data deconvolution, alignment and clustering isolated 7344 features attributable to VOC and described the variability (composition and concentration) of respirable clinical VOC. 328 VOC were observed in more than 5% of the samples and 68 VOC appeared in more than 30% of samples. Common VOC were associated with exogenous and endogenous sources and 17 VOC were identified as seasonal differentiators. The presence of metabolites from the anaesthetic sevoflurane, and putative-disease biomarkers in room air, indicated that exhaled VOC were a source of background-pollution in clinical breath-testing activity. With the exception of solvents, and waxes associated with personal protective equipment (PPE), exhaled VOC concentrations above 3 µg m−3 are unlikely to arise from room air contamination, and in the absence of extensive survey-data, this level could be applied as a threshold for inclusion in studies, removing a potential environmental confounding-factor in developing breath-based diagnostics.
Analysis of the Mw 6.5 Ambon Earthquake (September 26, 2019) based on the aftershocks hypocenter relocation
Authors: Supendi P , Nugraha A D , Widiyantoro S , Abdullah C I , Daryono  , Karnawati D , Palgunadi K H , Rohadi S , Gunawan M T , Rosalia S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
On September 26, 2019, an earthquake (Mw 6.5) occurred in the northern part of Ambon Island, Molucca, East Indonesia. The National Authority show this earthquake caused infrastructures damage and 28 fatalities. Up to October 31, 2019, the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) seismic network had recorded 479 aftershock events. We have relocated 463 out of the 479 aftershocks using the double-difference method. Our results show that some improvements in the hypocenter locations, where the focal depths of initial earthquakes fixed at 10 km have been updated to ~9.8 km depth on average. There are two aftershock clusters in a North-South direction of ~35 km length between Ambon Island and Haruku Island and in a West-East direction of ~30 km length in the Ambon Island, each with a width of ~8 km.
3D Seismic Waves Velocity Structure of West Sumatera Seismic Waves Using Earthquake Data from January 2010-December 2017
Authors: Wulandari Rizki , Yudistira Tedi , Fattah Erlangga Ibrahim , Aulia Atin Nur , Wibowo Adhi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study analyses the P wave velocity (Vp) and Vp/Vs based on 3D seismic tomography in West Sumatra. Seismic tomography is a method of reconstructing the image of the subsurface structure of the earth using travel time data. This research uses secondary data obtained from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) from January 2010 to December 2017. The data obtained were 472 earthquake events and 21 seismic stations that recorded the earthquake events. This research consists of are the hypocenter relocation, which will simultaneously renew the 1D velocity model using VELEST software, and tomographic inversion using SIMULPS12 software. The minimum anomaly of Vp/Vs value is around 1.39, while the maximum anomaly Vp/Vs value is around 2.05. The Vp distribution results have low and high Vp/Vs values around Sumatra Fault Zone and Mentawai Fault Zone. Anomaly results from the tomogram of these areas have an association with saturated pressure sedimentary areas and the presence of fractures which will further contribute to earthquake events.
The M 6.5 Ambon earthquake 26 September 2019: the source mechanism and the aftershock sequence characteristics
Authors: Rohadi S. , Perdana Y.H. , Herayndoko N. , Sunardi B. , Prakoso T. A. , Suliyanti  , Sunardi  , Florida N. , Edison Robert , Karnawati D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The area of Ambon, Maluku is located in the subduction zone in bands where the Australian plate meets the Eurasian plate, thus causing tectonic activities. The Ambon earthquake on 26th September 2019 with 6.5 Magnitude, while the Epicentral coordinates of the earthquake were determined as 3,53° S and 128,39° E and a focal depth of 10 km, according to the Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics, Indonesia. This earthquake was strongly felt at the biggest shock was felt with intensity VI-VII as unified in Ambon City, while several other areas are reported to have experienced small shaking, such as Intensity V in Masohi, and Intensity IV in Namlea and Namrole. We used a dataset of 24 waveforms of seven sensors, we determine a tabular solution, which have a large moment of 0.4573 x 1019 N-m, the depth is 6 km by minimizing the inversion residual. The method resulting strike and rake fault, with strike: 341.8°; dip; 81.5°; rake: 158.4°, and second nodal plane strike: 75.1°; dip; 68.6°; rake: 9.14°. The mechanisms were compared with those from other agency in agreement. The time decay intervals between mainshocks and significant aftershocks follow Mogi and Utsu’s Law but with a relatively faster rate of decay than that of aftershocks in general.
Ambient Seismic Noise Cross - correlation of Ambon Island and Surrounding Area, Eastern Indonesia: Preliminary Result
Authors: Rozi Kurniawan Muhammad Fachrul , Rosalia Shindy , Nugraha Andri Dian , Zulfakriza  , Sahara David P , Muhari Abdul , Nurdin Andi Azhar , Widiyantoro Sri , Puspito Nanang T , Priyono Awali , Lesmana Aditya , Ardianto  , Tuakia M Zain , Elly Erfin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The island of Ambon lies on complex tectonics, part of Banda Arc which is driven by the Australia – Eurasia collision. Historical earthquake data show that an earthquake resulting the greatest tsunami in Indonesia had occurred at Ambon Island. On 26 September 2019, Ambon was shaken by an M 6.5 earthquake at a depth of 10 km (BMKG). In this study, we use ambient noise data from 11 temporary stations deployed by ITB and 4 permanent stations owned BMKG which are recorded from October until December 2019. Here, we purely use the vertical component of seismogram to retrieve the Empirical Green’s Function of Rayleigh waves. Cross-correlations were obtained from the daily data series and stacked the day-by-day cross-correlation data into one inter-station cross-correlation. The Empirical Green’s Function is seen at the band period 1-15 s. As a part of our study, we analyze the Green’s Function with frequency-time analysis (FTAN) to get Rayleigh wave group velocity. The group velocity of Rayleigh waves varies from 1.04 km/s – 3.75 km/s. Low group velocity might be indicated the presence of sediment or volcanic deposits and high group velocity might be indicated metamorphic rocks. The result of this study might give a finer velocity model of the shallow crustal beneath Ambon Island and the surrounding area.
Preliminary Results: Probabilistic Non-Linear Method to Determine the Hypocenter Location in the Molucca Sea Collision Zone from BMKG Networks
Authors: Rachman Gazali , Santosa Bagus Jaya , Rohadi Supriyanto , Nugraha Andri Dian , Rosalia Shindy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Molucca Sea collision zone is a region which has very complex geology and tectonic setting, producing high seismicity and volcanoes activities. In this study, we have determined hypocenter location around the region using local & regional network of Agency of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, Indonesia (BMKG). We used 1,647 events that recorded by 32 seismic stations. We repicked the P-and S-phase manually and have been succesfully determined ~17,628 P and ~17,628 S arrival times. The P- and S-arrival times are used to determine the hypocenter location by applying NonLinLoc method which estimating the probability density function (PDF) using the oct-tree importance sampling algorithm. Our preliminary results show that the seismicity beneath the Molucca Sea collision zone forming a double subduction pattern which is dipping westward under the Sangihe Arc, reaching a depth of ~ 600 km and eastward under the Halmahera Arc, reaching a depth of ~ 250 km. The seismicity pattern under the Sangihe Arc deepens to the north and the deep earthquake events increase in number. The seismicity is related to the Molucca Sea Plate which is dipping into west and east direction beneath Sangihe-Halmahera Arc. To have a further understanding of the complex tectonic activity in this area, our future work will focus on conducting a seismic tomographic inversion to determine the 3D seismic velocities structure around the Molucca Sea collision zone.