bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full-field MRI measurements of in-vivo positional brain shift reveal the significance of intra-cranial geometry and head orientation for stereotactic surgery
Authors: Zappalá Stefano , Bennion Nicholas J. , Potts Matthew R. , Wu Jing , Kusmia Slawomir , Jones Derek K. , Evans Sam L. , Marshall David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPositional brain shift (PBS), the sagging of the brain under the effect of gravity, is comparable in magnitude to the margin of error for the success of stereotactic interventions ($$\sim $$
∼
1 mm). This non-uniform shift due to slight differences in head orientation can lead to a significant discrepancy between the planned and the actual location of surgical targets. Accurate in-vivo measurements of this complex deformation are critical for the design and validation of an appropriate compensation to integrate into neuronavigational systems. PBS arising from prone-to-supine change of head orientation was measured with magnetic resonance imaging on 11 young adults. The full-field displacement was extracted on a voxel-basis via digital volume correlation and analysed in a standard reference space. Results showed the need for target-specific correction of surgical targets, as a significant displacement ranging from 0.52 to 0.77 mm was measured at surgically relevant structures. Strain analysis further revealed local variability in compressibility: anterior regions showed expansion (both volume and shape change), whereas posterior regions showed small compression, mostly dominated by shape change. Finally, analysis of correlation demonstrated the potential for further patient- and intervention-specific adjustments, as intra-cranial breadth and head tilt correlated with PBS reaching statistical significance.
Nanopore sequencing approach for immunoglobulin gene analysis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Minervini Crescenzio Francesco , Cumbo Cosimo , Redavid Immacolata , Conserva Maria Rosa , Orsini Paola , Zagaria Antonella , Anelli Luisa , Coccaro Nicoletta , Tota Giuseppina , Impera Luciana , Parciante Elisa , Tarantini Francesco , Giordano Annamaria , Specchia Giorgina , Musto Pellegrino , Albano Francesco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe evaluation of the somatic hypermutation of the clonotypic immunoglobulin heavy variable gene has become essential in the therapeutic management in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. European Research Initiative on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia promotes good practices and standardized approaches to this assay but often they are labor-intensive, technically complex, with limited in scalability. The use of next-generation sequencing in this analysis has been widely tested, showing comparable accuracy and distinct advantages. However, the adoption of the next generation sequencing requires a high sample number (run batching) to be economically convenient, which could lead to a longer turnaround time. Here we present data from nanopore sequencing for the somatic hypermutation evaluation compared to the standard method. Our results show that nanopore sequencing is suitable for immunoglobulin heavy variable gene mutational analysis in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, simplicity of analysis and is less time-consuming. Moreover, our work showed that the development of an appropriate data analysis pipeline could lower the nanopore sequencing error rate attitude.
Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits release of extracellular vesicles from platelets without inhibiting phosphatidylserine exposure
Authors: Millington-Burgess Sarah L. , Harper Matthew T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArterial thrombosis triggers myocardial infarction and is a leading cause of death worldwide. Procoagulant platelets, a subpopulation of activated platelets that expose phosphatidylserine (PS), promote coagulation and occlusive thrombosis. Procoagulant platelets may therefore be a therapeutic target. PS exposure in procoagulant platelets requires TMEM16F, a phospholipid scramblase. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been reported to inhibit TMEM16F but this has been challenged. We investigated whether EGCG inhibits PS exposure in procoagulant platelets. PS exposure is often measured using fluorophore-conjugated annexin V. EGCG quenched annexin V-FITC fluorescence, which gives the appearance of inhibition of PS exposure. However, EGCG did not quench annexin V-APC fluorescence. Using this fluorophore, we show that EGCG does not inhibit annexin V binding to procoagulant platelets. We confirmed this by using NBD-labelled PS to monitor PS scrambling. EGCG did not quench NBD fluorescence and did not inhibit PS scrambling. Procoagulant platelets also release PS-exposing extracellular vesicles (EVs) that further propagate coagulation. Surprisingly, EGCG inhibited EV release. This inhibition required the gallate group of EGCG. In conclusion, EGCG does not inhibit PS exposure in procoagulant platelets but does inhibit the EV release. Future investigation of this inhibition may help us further understand how EVs are released by procoagulant platelets.
Impact of crowded environments on binding between protein and single-stranded DNA
Authors: Köhn Birgit , Schwarz Patricia , Wittung-Stafshede Pernilla , Kovermann Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe concept of Molecular Crowding depicts the high density of diverse molecules present in the cellular interior. Here, we determine the impact of low molecular weight and larger molecules on binding capacity of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to the cold shock protein B (CspB). Whereas structural features of ssDNA-bound CspB are fully conserved in crowded environments as probed by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy, intrinsic fluorescence quenching experiments reveal subtle changes in equilibrium affinity. Kinetic stopped-flow data showed that DNA-to-protein association is significantly retarded independent of choice of the molecule that is added to the solution, but dissociation depends in a nontrivial way on its size and chemical characteristics. Thus, for this DNA–protein interaction, excluded volume effect does not play the dominant role but instead observed effects are dictated by the chemical properties of the crowder. We propose that surrounding molecules are capable of specific modification of the protein’s hydration shell via soft interactions that, in turn, tune protein–ligand binding dynamics and affinity.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Facial expressions can detect Parkinson’s disease: preliminary evidence from videos collected online
Authors: Ali Mohammad Rafayet , Myers Taylor , Wagner Ellen , Ratnu Harshil , Dorsey E. Ray , Hoque Ehsan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA prevalent symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is hypomimia — reduced facial expressions. In this paper, we present a method for diagnosing PD that utilizes the study of micro-expressions. We analyzed the facial action units (AU) from 1812 videos of 604 individuals (61 with PD and 543 without PD, with a mean age 63.9 y/o, sd. 7.8) collected online through a web-based tool (www.parktest.net). In these videos, participants were asked to make three facial expressions (a smiling, disgusted, and surprised face) followed by a neutral face. Using techniques from computer vision and machine learning, we objectively measured the variance of the facial muscle movements and used it to distinguish between individuals with and without PD. The prediction accuracy using the facial micro-expressions was comparable to methodologies that utilize motor symptoms. Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with PD had less variance in AU6 (cheek raiser), AU12 (lip corner puller), and AU4 (brow lowerer) than non-PD individuals. An automated classifier using Support Vector Machine was trained on the variances and achieved 95.6% accuracy. Using facial expressions as a future digital biomarker for PD could be potentially transformative for patients in need of remote diagnoses due to physical separation (e.g., due to COVID) or immobility.
Altered theta rhythm and hippocampal-cortical interactions underlie working memory deficits in a hyperglycemia risk factor model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wirt Ryan. A. , Crew Lauren. A. , Ortiz Andrew. A. , McNeela Adam. M. , Flores Emmanuel , Kinney Jefferson. W. , Hyman James M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDiabetes mellitusis a metabolic disease associated with dysregulated glucose and insulin levels and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) later in life. It is thought that chronic hyperglycemia leads to neuroinflammation and tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus leading to cognitive decline, but effects on hippocampal network activity are unknown. A sustained hyperglycemic state was induced in otherwise healthy animals and subjects were then tested on a spatial delayed alternation task while recording from the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Hyperglycemic animals performed worse on long delay trials and had multiple electrophysiological differences throughout the task. We found increased delta power and decreased theta power in the hippocampus, which led to altered theta/delta ratios at the end of the delay period. Cross frequency coupling was significantly higher in multiple bands and delay period hippocampus-ACC theta coherence was elevated, revealing hypersynchrony. The highest coherence values appeared long delays on error trials for STZ animals, the opposite of what was observed in controls, where lower delay period coherence was associated with errors. Consistent with previous investigations, we found increases in phosphorylated tau in STZ animals’ hippocampus and cortex, which might account for the observed oscillatory and cognitive changes.
Resurgence initiation and subsolidus eruption of cold carapace of warm magma at Toba Caldera, Sumatra
Authors: Mucek Adonara E. , Danišík Martin , de Silva Shanaka L. , Miggins Daniel P. , Schmitt Axel K. , Pratomo Indyo , Koppers Anthony , Gillespie Jack 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSupervolcanoes like Toba Caldera, Sumatra, produce the largest eruptions on Earth. However, the magmatic conditions and processes during the period of recovery after catastrophic supereruptions, known as resurgence, are poorly understood. Here we use Bayesian statistical analysis and inverse thermal history modelling of feldspar argon-argon and zircon uranium-thorium/helium ages to investigate resurgence after the 74-thousand-year-old Youngest Toba Tuff eruption. We identify a discordance of up to around 13.6 thousand years between older feldspar and younger zircon ages. Our modelling suggests cold storage of feldspar antecrysts prior to eruption for a maximum duration of around 5 and 13 thousand years at between 280 °C and 500 °C. We propose that the solidified carapace of remnant magma after the Youngest Toba Tuff eruption erupted in a subsolidus state, without being thermally remobilized or rejuvenated. Our study indicates that resurgent uplift and volcanism initiated approximately 5 thousand years after the climactic caldera forming supereruption.
Long-term multi-band photometric monitoring of Mrk 501
Authors: Arbet-Engels Axel , Baack Dominik , Balbo Matteo , Biland Adrian , Bretz Thomas , Buss Jens , Dorner Daniela , Eisenberger Laura , Elsaesser Dominik , Hildebrand Dorothee , Iotov Roman , Kalenski Adelina , Mannheim Karl , Mitchell Alison , Neise Dominik , Noethe Maximilian , Paravac Aleksander , Rhode Wolfgang , Schleicher Bernd , Sliusar Vitalii , Walter Roland 
Published: September 2021

Aims.Radio-to-TeV observations of the bright nearby (z = 0.034) blazar Markarian 501 (Mrk 501), performed from December 2012 to April 2018, are used to study the emission mechanisms in its relativistic jet.Methods.We examined the multi-wavelength variability and the correlations of the light curves obtained by eight different instruments, including the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT), observing Mrk 501 in very high-energy (VHE) gamma-rays at TeV energies. We identified individual TeV and X-ray flares and found a sub-day lag between variability in these two bands.Results.Simultaneous TeV and X-ray variations with almost zero lag are consistent with synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission, where TeV photons are produced through inverse Compton scattering. The characteristic time interval of 5−25 days between TeV flares is consistent with them being driven by Lense-Thirring precession.
The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound – Part I: Extraarticular Pathologies
Authors: Fodor Daniela , Rodriguez-Garcia Sebastián C , Cantisani Vito , Hammer Hilde B. , Hartung Wolfgang , Klauser Andrea , Martinoli Carlo , Terslev Lene , Alfageme Fernando , Bong David , Bueno Angel , Collado Paz , D’Agostino Maria Antonietta , de la Fuente Javier , Iohom Gabriella , Kessler Jens , Lenghel Manuela , Malattia Clara , Mandl Peter , Mendoza-Cembranos Dolores , Micu Mihaela , Möller Ingrid , Najm Aurelie , Özçakar Levent , Picasso Riccardo , Plagou Athena , Sala-Blanch Xavier , Sconfienza Luca Maria , Serban Oana , Simoni Paolo , Sudoł-Szopińska Iwona , Tesch Christian , Todorov Plamen , Uson Jacqueline , Vlad Violeta , Zaottini Federico , Bilous Diana , Gutiu Roxana , Pelea Michael , Marian Anamaria , Naredo Esperanza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe first part of the guidelines and recommendations for musculoskeletal ultrasound, produced under the auspices of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB), provides information about the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound for assessing extraarticular structures (muscles, tendons, entheses, ligaments, bones, bursae, fasciae, nerves, skin, subcutaneous tissues, and nails) and their pathologies. Clinical applications, practical points, limitations, and artifacts are described and discussed for every structure. After an extensive literature review, the recommendations have been developed according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine and GRADE criteria and the consensus level was established through a Delphi process. The document is intended to guide clinical users in their daily practice.
Robotics for Acute Care in Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Friedman Garrett 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRobotic surgery is growing exponentially in elective colorectal procedures, but utilization of robotics in urgent and emergency procedures remains low. Robotic surgery can be safely utilized for the management of several acute colorectal operations such as anastomotic leaks, perforated diverticulitis, and more. This chapter discusses safe access principles and planning, as well as technical aspects of these complex procedures, and the pathway to building a 24/7 robotic access culture.
Keep Moving Forward: Health Informatics and Information Management beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Massoudi Barbara L. , Sobolevskaia Diana 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To identify gaps and challenges in health informatics and health information management during the COVID-19 pandemic. To describe solutions and offer recommendations that can address the identified gaps and challenges.
Methods: A literature review of relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature published from January 2020 to December 2020 was conducted to inform the paper.
Results: The literature revealed several themes regarding health information management and health informatics challenges and gaps: information systems and information technology infrastructure; data collection, quality, and standardization; and information governance and use. These challenges and gaps were often driven by public policy and funding constraints.
Conclusions: COVID-19 exposed complexities related to responding to a world-wide, fast moving, quickly spreading novel virus. Longstanding gaps and ongoing challenges in the local, national, and global health and public health information systems and data infrastructure must be addressed before we are faced with another global pandemic.
Mapping the Role of Digital Health Technologies in Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Pandemic: Review of the Literature
Authors: Tilahun Binyam , Gashu Kassahun Dessie , Mekonnen Zeleke Abebaw , Endehabtu Berhanu Fikadie , Angaw Dessie Abebaw 
Published: September 2021

SummaryBackground: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is currently spreading exponentially around the globe. Various digital health technologies are currently being used as weapons in the fight against the pandemic in different ways by countries. The main objective of this review is to explore the role of digital health technologies in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic and address the gaps in the use of these technologies for tackling the pandemic.Methods: We conducted a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The articles were searched using electronic databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Hinari. In addition, Google and Google scholar were searched. Studies that focused on the application of digital health technologies on COVID-19 prevention and control were included in the review. We characterized the distribution of technological applications based on geographical locations, approaches to apply digital health technologies and main findings. The study findings from the existing literature were presented using thematic content analysis.Results: A total of 2,601 potentially relevant studies were generated from the initial search and 22 studies were included in the final review. The review found that telemedicine was used most frequently, followed by electronic health records and other digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the internet of things (IoT). Digital health technologies were used in multiple ways in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including screening and management of patients, methods to minimize exposure, modelling of disease spread, and supporting overworked providers.Conclusion: Digital health technologies like telehealth, mHealth, electronic medical records, artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and big data/internet were used in different ways for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic in different settings using multiple approaches. For more effective deployment of digital health tools in times of pandemics, development of a guiding policy and standard on the development, deployment, and use of digital health tools in response to a pandemic is recommended.
Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics: Recent Research Trends
Authors: Diallo Gayo , Bordea Georgeta ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics
Published: September 2021

Summary
Objectives: To introduce and analyse current trends in Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics.
Methods: PubMed search of 2020 literature on public health and epidemiology informatics was conducted and all retrieved references were reviewed by the two section editors. Then, 15 candidate best papers were selected among the 920 references. These papers were then peer-reviewed by the two section editors, two chief editors, and external reviewers, including at least two senior faculty, to allow the Editorial Committee of the 2021 International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook to make an informed decision regarding the selection of the best papers.
Results: Among the 920 references retrieved from PubMed, four were suggested as best papers and the first three were finally selected. The fourth paper was excluded because of reproducibility issues. The first best paper is a very public health focused paper with health informatics and biostatistics methods applied to stratify patients within a cohort in order to identify those at risk of suicide; the second paper describes the use of a randomized design to test the likely impact of fear-based messages, with and without empowering self-management elements, on patient consultations or antibiotic requests for influenza-like illnesses. The third selected paper evaluates the perception among communities of routine use of Whole Genome Sequencing and Big Data technologies to capture more detailed and specific personal information.
Conclusions: The findings from the three studies suggest that using Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics methods could leverage, when combined with Deep Learning, early interventions and appropriate treatments to mitigate suicide risk. Further, they also demonstrate that well informing and empowering patients could help them to be involved more in their care process.
Consumer Informatics and COVID-19 Pandemics: Challenges and Opportunities for Research
Authors: Staccini Pascal , Lau Annie Y. S. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Consumer Health Informatics
Published: September 2021

Summary
Objective: To summarise the state of the art during the year 2020 in consumer health informatics and education, with a special emphasis on “Managing Pandemics with Health Informatics - Successes and Challenges”.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search of articles published in PubMed using a predefined set of queries, which identified 147 potential articles for review. These articles were screened according to topic relevance and 15 were selected for consideration of best paper candidates, which were then presented to a panel of international experts for full paper review and scoring. The top five papers were discussed in a consensus meeting. Three papers received the highest score from the expert panel, and these papers were selected to be representative papers on consumer informatics for managing pandemics in the year 2020.
Results: Bibliometrics analysis conducted on words found in abstracts of the candidate papers revealed 4 clusters of articles, where the clustering outcomes explained 77.04% of the dispersion. The first cluster composed of articles related to the use of mobile apps for video consultation and telehealth during the pandemic. The second revealed studies reporting the lived experience of healthcare workers and patients during COVID-19. The third focused on ways people used the internet to seek for health information during the pandemic and the dissemination of fake news. The last cluster composed of articles reporting the use of social listening methods (e.g., via tweet hashtags) to explore the spread of the virus around the world.
Conclusions: The pandemic outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) constitutes a grave risk to the global community and sparks a significant increase in public interest and media coverage, especially on social media. Consumers are facing a new set of challenges that were not considered before COVID-19, often finding themselves in a world that is constantly changing—blended with facts and fake information—and unable to decide what to do next. Despite most people understanding the good will behind public health policies, one must not forget it is individuals we are supporting and that their personal circumstances may affect how they perceive and comply with these policies. Consumers more than ever need help to make sense of the uncertainty and their situation and we need to help them navigate the best option in a world that is constantly evolving.