bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of ACE‐I inhibitory peptides from ribbonfish for a potential inhibitor of the main protease of SARS‐CoV‐2: An in silico analysis
Authors: G. Yathisha Undiganalu , Srinivasa Mahendra Gowdru , Siddappa BC Revana , P Mandal Subankar , Dixit Sheshagiri R. , Pujar G. V. , Bangera Sheshappa Mamatha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecently, multifunctional fish peptides (FWPs) have gained a lot of attention because of their different biological activities. In the present study, three angiotensin‐I converting enzyme (ACE‐I) inhibitory peptides [Ala‐Pro‐Asp‐Gly (APDG), Pro‐Thr‐Arg (PTR), and Ala‐Asp (AD)] were isolated and characterized from ribbonfish protein hydrolysate (RFPH) and described their mechanism of action on ACE activity. As per the results, peptide PTR showed ≈ 2 and 2.5‐fold higher enzyme inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.643 ± 0.0011 μM) than APDG (IC50 = 1.061 ± 0.0127 μM) and AD (IC50 = 2.046 ± 0.0130 μM). Based on experimental evidence, peptides were used for in silico analysis to check the inhibitory activity of the main protease (PDB: 7BQY) of SARS‐CoV‐2. The results of the study reveal that PTR (−46.16 kcal/mol) showed higher binding affinity than APDG (−36.80 kcal/mol) and AD (−30.24 kcal/mol) compared with remdesivir (−30.64 kcal/mol). Additionally, physicochemical characteristics of all the isolated peptides exhibited appropriate pharmacological properties and were found to be nontoxic. Besides, 20 ns molecular dynamic simulation study confirms the rigid nature, fewer confirmation variations, and binding stiffness of the peptide PTR with the main protease of SARS‐CoV‐2. Therefore, the present study strongly suggested that PTR is the perfect substrate for inhibiting the main protease of SARS‐CoV‐2 through the in silico study, and this potential drug candidate may promote the researcher for future wet lab experiments.
Recurrent COVID‐19 infection in a case of rituximab‐induced hypogammaglobulinaemia
Authors: Daniel Jefferson , Thangakunam Balamugesh , Isaac Barney Thomas Jesudason , Moorthy Mahesh , Christopher Devasahayam Jesudas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPatients with immunodeficiency are at an increased risk of recurrent COVID‐19 infection. They may lack the natural immune response that usually confers long‐lasting immunity. Here, we present our experience managing one such patient, who had a COVID‐19 infection twice, 5 months apart. He had a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and computed tomography (CT) thorax with classical findings of COVID‐19 on both occasions. He had multiple negative RT‐PCR tests and two CT scans without COVID‐19 features between these two infections. While the antibody response to the first infection was not detectable, the response to the second infection was robust. Live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated in patients with immunodeficiency, and other vaccines may not elicit an adequate immune response. A high index of suspicion for recurrent COVID‐19 is warranted in this group of patients.
Effect of Magnesium Doping on Voltage Decay of Nickel‐Rich Cathode Materials
Authors: Khan Muhammad I. , Zubair Muhammad , Bibi Nadia , Aziz Fiza , Mateen Abdul , Ali Hazrat , Ahmad Pervaiz , Khan Yaqoob , Tufail Muhammad K. , Hassan Ali 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStructural degradation is the main challenge of Nickel‐rich cathodes, leading to capacity and voltage fading, especially at high cut‐off voltages. Herein, LiNi0.94‐xCo0.06MgxO2 (x=0, 0.01, 0.02) samples have been prepared by high‐temperature solid‐state reaction method. The effects of Mg doping on its crystalline structure, and electrochemical performance have been studied by various characterizations analysis. We notice that Mg doping can not only tighten the structure/interface stability of the cathode, but also accelerates the Li+ diffusion, thereby significantly achieving its high voltage/cycle stability. High‐voltage (4.5 V) electrochemical results show that Mg‐doped LiNi0.94Co0.06O2 (1 % Mg) can achieve a high reversible capacity of 217.5 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, high cycle retention rate of 80.5 % after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, inhibits average voltage decay, suppress resistance rise and boosted rate performance. Our work provides a solid strategy for improving the structure and voltage decay of nickel‐rich cathode materials for future high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries.
Electrocatalytic Water Splitting: From Harsh and Mild Conditions to Natural Seawater
Authors: Xiao Xue , Yang Lijun , Sun Wenping , Chen Yu , Yu Hai , Li Kangkang , Jia Baohua , Zhang Lei , Ma Tianyi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is regarded as the most effective pathway to generate green energy—hydrogen—which is considered as one of the most promising clean energy solutions to the world's energy crisis and climate change mitigation. Although electrocatalytic water splitting has been proposed for decades, large‐scale industrial hydrogen production is hindered by high electricity cost, capital investment, and electrolysis media. Harsh conditions (strong acid/alkaline) are widely used in electrocatalytic mechanism studies, and excellent catalytic activities and efficiencies have been achieved. However, the practical application of electrocatalytic water splitting in harsh conditions encounters several obstacles, such as corrosion issues, catalyst stability, and membrane technical difficulties. Thus, the research on water splitting in mild conditions (neutral/near neutral), even in natural seawater, has aroused increasing attention. However, the mechanism in mild conditions or natural seawater is not clear. Herein, different conditions in electrocatalytic water splitting are reviewed and the effects and proposed mechanisms in the three conditions are summarized. Then, a comparison of the reaction process and the effects of the ions in different electrolytes are presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated with direct electrocatalytic natural seawater splitting and the perspective are presented to promote the progress of hydrogen production by water splitting.
Intaglio Contact Printing of Versatile Carbon Nanotube Composites and Its Applications for Miniaturizing High‐Performance Devices
Authors: Joo Seokwon , Lee Chae‐Eun , Kang Jeongmin , Seo Soonmin , Song Yoon‐Kyu , Kim Ju‐Hyung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractComposites based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising patternable materials that can be engineered to incorporate the outstanding properties of CNTs into various applications via printing technologies. However, conventional printing methods for CNTs require further improvement to overcome the major drawbacks that limit the patterning resolution and target substrate. Herein, an intaglio contact printing method based on a CNT/paraffin composite is presented for realizing highly precise CNT network patterns without restrictions on the substrate. In this method, the CNT/paraffin composite can be patterned with a high resolution (<10 µm) and neatly transferred onto various substrates with a wide range of surface energies, including human skin. The patterned composite exhibits high durability against structural deformations, and structural damage caused by fatigue accumulation can be cured in a few seconds. In addition, miniaturized sensing and energy‐harvesting applications are demonstrated with high performances. The present method facilitates the rapid fabrication of highly precise interdigitated electrodes via one‐step printing, enabling high‐performance operation and miniaturization of the devices. It is anticipated that these results will not only spur the further development of various applications of CNTs but also contribute to advances in soft lithography methods applicable to many fields of science and engineering.
Intelligentes Temperaturmanagement von modernen Scrollpumpen
Authors: Becker Jonas , Schopphoff Andreas , Bader Florian 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDie trockenlaufenden Scrollpumpen sind prädestiniert für Prozesse, die ölfreie Pumpvorgänge verlangen, und dort ein adäquater Ersatz für die verbreiteten Drehschieberpumpen, denen sie im Saugvermögen nicht nachstehen. Die dafür erforderliche Trockendichtung ist jedoch fortschreitendem Verschleiß ausgesetzt, für den vor allem die Temperaturverhältnisse in der Pumpe eine große Rolle spielen. Um diese zu optimieren, wurde mittels Finite‐Elemente‐Methode (FEM) das Temperaturfeld in der Pumpe für drei Betriebszustände und unterschiedliche Konstruktionsvarianten berechnet und durch Temperaturmessungen innerhalb der Pumpe validiert. Stellen mit dem höchsten thermisch bedingten Verschleiß konnten so ausgemacht und eine intelligente Lüfter‐Steuerung basierend auf den Temperaturmesswerten eines Sensors in Verbindung mit der Leistungsaufnahme des Motors erarbeitet werden. Durch um 15 % reduzierte Betriebstemperaturen werden die Wartungsintervalle verlängert und höhere Leistungen bei höheren Ansaugdrücken erzielt. Zugleich erhöht eine Redundanz der gemessenen Betriebsparameter die Betriebssicherheit.
Use of Small, Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Mist Nets to Capture Ring‐Necked Pheasants
Authors: Shirley Taylor R. , Janke Adam K. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTRing‐necked pheasants are notoriously difficult to capture in landscapes where food is readily available and they are unlikely to be attracted to baited traps. We describe a novel capture method to facilitate capture and radio‐marking of pheasants through the use of a small quadcopter unmanned aircraft system (UAS), thermal imaging camera, and mist nets. Our technique involved a 2‐person crew dropping a horizontal mist net over pheasants detected by a second 2‐person crew operating the UAS. The thermal imaging camera on the UAS revealed the location of the pheasant at nocturnal roost sites in grasslands and the UAS crew directed the net crew to the pheasant with 2‐way radios. On 16 trap nights comprising 1,100 minutes of UAS flight, we captured 21 pheasants including 16 females, each of which was outfitted with a radio‐transmitter. All radio‐marked pheasants survived a 21‐day post‐capture period (n = 12) or survived until transmitter failure during the 21‐day period (n = 4). Our technique offers a new method to facilitate capture of ring‐necked pheasants and perhaps other upland‐roosting birds in landscapes where traditional capture techniques such as night‐lighting or baited funnel traps may not be effective. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Epistemic Activism in the United States: Examining Meetings Across the Silos of Civil Society
Authors: Sandler Jen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe realm of civic action is far from unified; studies of civil society have often been likewise divided by discipline, organizational form, and orientation to dominant institutions. In this article, I suggest the critical concept of epistemic activism, which involves both making truth(s) and making them matter, as a way to think across these divides. I argue that researchers may be able to engage with a much broader range of civic projects by using ethnographic methods to examine the knowledge practices of these projects, specifically through attention to the meetings where project actors come together in time and space. In this article, I demonstrate this approach through ethnographic attention to the meeting practices of two quite different projects: a large civic reform coalition whose meetings reveal a politics of epistemic unity, and a place-based immigrant-led justice movement whose meetings enact a politics of listening.
Seeding a New World: Lessons from the FeesMustFall Movement for the Advancement of Social Justice
Authors: Habib Adam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe author interrogates the empirical experience of #FeesMustFall—which is extensively detailed in the book Rebels & Rage from which this article flows—with a view to understanding social movements and in turn enhancing the effectiveness of social justice struggles in the future. He discusses the value of social mobilization in effecting change, but demonstrates that this is only sustainable if the protest is structured within certain strategic and ethical parameters. He then proceeds to interrogate the issues of violence, the framing of the struggle and outcomes, the decision-making processes associated with the protest, and the importance of ethical conduct by leaders and activists. He concludes by underscoring the legitimacy of the social justice struggles but insists that these have to be more effectively conducted if they are to culminate in the establishment of a more humane social order.
Civil Society as an Agent of Change
Authors: Strachwitz Rupert Graf 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe covid-19 crisis is the tip of an iceberg. In actual fact, the crisis goes much deeper. It comprises a crisis of democracy, of the nation state, and of capitalism. We are in the middle of an iconic turn and face challenges of an unprecedented scale. It seems inconceivable to tackle any of these challenges without involving societal actors wherever they are. Civil society has proven to be an important agent of change, and has a lot to bring to the table. Yet, knowledge of civil society is underdeveloped, and the state and the private sector hesitate to introduce a level playing field that would enable civil society to act in the sense that Habermas (and others) describe as deliberative democracy to mean the participative process needed to move an agenda by debate prior to taking decisions.
The Geography of Giving in the Philanthropic Field
Authors: Glückler Johannes , Suarsana Laura 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrawing on the neo-institutional notion of organizational fields, we propose the concept of the philanthropic field to conceptualize the geography of giving and the interrelations of benevolent activities across the domains of private, public, and civic sectors. Empirically, we adopt a multi-method approach, including a media analysis of reported acts of giving in the German region of Heilbronn-Franconia, a social network analysis of its regional philanthropic relations, and qualitative interviews with representatives of non-profit organizations, corporations, and public as well as private intermediaries. Based on our analysis, we conclude that the philanthropic field is constituted by diverse actors from all sectors of society who engage in specialization, division of labor, and collaboration. Moreover, practices of giving spread across geographical scales, though the majority of activity concentrates on the local and regional level. We conclude by discussing the potentials and limits of our approach as a means to gain insights into local fields of philanthropy and benevolent action across societal sectors.
Alligators in the Living Room: Terror and Horror in the Capitalocene
Authors: Höglund Johan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBecause the violence that accompanies climate change has not yet drowned cities or created lasting destruction in the Global North, it looms in this region as a dark, yet still largely unrealized, Gothic prophesy. By contrast, poor communities in the Global South have long experienced the climate crisis as an immanent and palpable horror that destroys lives and communities. This chapter explores how Gothic horror disturbs this division by describing how the crisis brings horror also to privileged people in the Global North. Through a reading of the filmCrawl(2019), the chapter shows how Gothic casts the Anthropocene as an immanent horror that touches all social strata, thus making it possible to imagine continued climate change as having a universally detrimental impact.
The Boundaries of Cognition and Decision Making
Authors: Prike Toby , Higham Philip A. , Bijak Jakub 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis chapter outlines the role that individual-level empirical evidence gathered from psychological experiments and surveys can play in informing agent-based models, and the model-based approach more broadly. To begin with, we provide an overview of the way that this empirical evidence can be used to inform agent-based models. Additionally, we provide three detailed exemplars that outline the development and implementation of experiments conducted to inform an agent-based model of asylum migration, as well as how such data can be used. There is also an extended discussion of important considerations and potential limitations when conducting laboratory or online experiments and surveys, followed by a brief introduction to exciting new developments in experimental methodology, such as gamification and virtual reality, that have the potential to address some of these limitations and open the door to promising and potentially very fruitful new avenues of research.
Agent-Based Modelling and Simulation with Domain-Specific Languages
Authors: Reinhardt Oliver , Warnke Tom , Uhrmacher Adelinde M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractConducting simulation studies within a model-based framework is a complex process, in which many different concerns must be considered. Central tasks include the specification of the simulation model, the execution of simulation runs, the conduction of systematic simulation experiments, and the management and documentation of the model’s context. In this chapter, we look into how these concerns can be separated and handled by applying domain-specific languages (DSLs), that is, languages that are tailored to specific tasks in a specific application domain. We demonstrate and discuss the features of the approach by using the modelling language ML3, the experiment specification language SESSL, and PROV, a graph-based standard to describe the provenance information underlying the multi-stage process of model development.
Introduction
Authors: Odiyo John Ogony , Bikam Peter Bitta , Makungo Rachel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis book provides policy framework on “towards a Green Economy in the Transport Sector” draws inspiration from the UNEP report on Green Economy Modeling (2014), which focused on South Africa with respect to Transport, Natural Resource Management, Agriculture, and Energy sectors. This is because in the last 10 years natural resources, environmental risks and ecological issues have come to the attention of the international community because the subject is fundamentally important for overarching sustainable growth. It is important to note that environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions and climate change in different regions of the world including South Africa result in significant problems. However, the challenges can provide an opportunity to do things differently. Further to this in 2010, South Africa hosted the Green Economy Summit to set up the stage for the formulation of a Green Economy Plan. In line with this, the choice for a New Growth Path (NGP) was formulated and it was aimed at creating new green jobs in their thousands by 2020. It was in this context that the NGP policy framework on green economy in the transport sector was envisaged to respond to the request by Transport Education and Training Authority (TETA) to assess potential opportunities and policy levers to inform a green economy in the transport sector. The findings from the desktop research, the stakeholder workshop and the field survey reports form the basis from which the policy framework recommendations in this report were made.
Skills and Knowledge Transfer for Transitioning into the Green Economy
Authors: Odiyo John Ogony , Musyoki Agnes , Makungo Rachel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis chapter aimed at identifying skills required for transitioning into green economy in the transport sector, preferred careers and institutions, challenges that could hinder transition to green economy in transport sector in addition to suggesting policy recommendations in case study carried out Limpopo Province. Case studies are required to provide insight into the nature of the current situation with respect to transition to green economy in the transport sector and providing knowledge and evidence on skills required transition to green transport. The study followed a qualitative and exploratory methodology involving administering questionnaire to purposively selected participants and stakeholder workshop aimed at discussing and debating on required knowledge and skills for transition to green economy in Limpopo Province, identifying challenges and policy recommendations. A total of twenty questionnaires were completed while 56 delegates from different departments and organisations participated in the workshop. A wide range of specific skills needs within technical, management skills and knowledge on techniques and skills on innovation and management for change categories, in the transport sector and their value chains were identified. Many of the skills required in the transport sector correspond to those required for the general green economy indicating that the transport sector will also benefit through implementation of the green economy in all sectors in the province. Most people chose environmental science as the most suitable career to follow in ensuring green economy. The respondents recognized the importance of mainstreaming the green economy at all levels of study. Challenges that could hinder transition to green economy include inadequate training and awareness programs, lack of existing skills directly related to the green economy at work places and inadequate funding for skills development in the green economy. Some of the policy recommendations include green growth capacity building for public administrators and policy makers, knowledge and skills transfer to be identified following the value chain based on the jobs required for each mode of green transport, development of methodology to mainstream green economy in all work places, mainstreaming green economy at all education levels, government to fund policy and legislation, and research and innovation related to green transport.
Regulatory Frameworks, Policies, Norms and Standards
Authors: Chakwizira James 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis chapter provides a review of policies, strategies, and regulations in the transport sector. The narrative plays out in terms of outlining national, provincial, and local application dimensions and impacts of transport using green transport lenses. The different application scales for transport policies, strategies and regulations as enunciated through different spheres of government constitutes the main thread of the discussion. In any case, the impact and outcomes of government and non-governmental transport intervention are discussed from a green transport perspective. Complementary to this, the role and scope for norms and standards in promoting green transport policy, innovation and activities is outlined. A thematic approach is used in unpacking green transport issues with respect to transport in Limpopo province. The analysis is anchored within the green transport systems theory of innovation framework.