bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Upper Middle Rhine Valley
Authors: RINGBECK BIRGITTA 
Published: June 2021

Het dal van de Midden-Rijn. Beheer van een landschap met historische steden en wijngaarden en een transportroute
Het Midden-Rijndal tussen Mainz en Koblenz, ingeschreven in 2002, is het enige werelderfgoed in Duitsland in de categorie organisch geëvolueerde cultuurlandschappen. Het is een complex gebied dat onder grote druk staat. De druk op het Midden-Rijndal blijkt uit de zeven state of conservation rapporten die tussen 2008 en 2017 naar het Werelderfgoedcomité werden gestuurd over bedreigende ontwikkelingen. Het laat zien voor welke uitdagingen behoud en ontwikkeling van een dergelijk cultuurlandschap staat. Om duidelijkheid te verschaffen hoe met deze uitdagingen om te gaan is in 2013 een Masterplan voor het Midden-Rijndal opgesteld. De ervaringen en uitdagingen bij het beheer van dit gebied kunnen een voorbeeld zijn voor managementplannen voor andere culturele landschappen.
Sluisbuurt Amsterdam: werelderfgoed en hoogbouw
Authors: EVERT ABRAHAMSE JAAP , KOSIAN MENNE 
Published: June 2021

‘Sluisbuurt’ Amsterdam: world heritage and high-rise buildings
On the northwestern part of the Zeeburgereiland, an island in the IJ, the municipality of Amsterdam is developing the Sluisbuurt quarter: a mixed-use neighbourhood with shops, offices, catering and education and no less than 5,500 residential units, some of which are high-rise. The Sluisbuurt soon proved controversial because of the visibility of the towers from the Amsterdam city centre and from the rural area around Waterland. In this article we discuss the planning and the history of the island.
Onrust in de Dollard
Authors: ESSINK KAREL 
Published: June 2021

Tension in the Dollard. A fishing conflict from 1911-1933
In the Dollard, a brackish embayment of the Ems estuary, German and Dutch fishermen used to go out on the tidal flats to collect shrimps and other fish caught in simple fykenets. German fishermen payed little attention to the since 1723 existing border. In 1911, Dutch fishery act came in force, limiting the German fishers to their territory. This paper describes how fishermen and authorities initially maintained their positions, but after some time reached a conditional compromise. After 1945, the conflict faded away due to the mechanization of shrimp fishing and nature protection measures.
Komen en gaan
Authors: GROENEWOUDT BERT , VAN DOESBURG JAN 
Published: June 2021

Come and go. Coastal seasonality as part of a land use cycle
Large artificial habitation platforms (‘terps’) are widely distributed along the southern North Sea coasts. In this article we focus on the less known, small medieval (11-14th century AD) platforms, or ‘peat terps’, situated somewhat further inland, on the edge of the extensive peat bogs which until medieval times covered much of the lowlands of the Netherlands. Here yearround mixed farming was followed by seasonal animal husbandry, and vice-versa. Data are confronted with existing models on the dynamics of human exploitation and colonisation of North Sea coastal wetlands. The evidence from ‘peat terps’ seems to reflect distinct and successive land-use types or strategies (from extensive to intensive) that are associated with different colonization phases. Changes in land use are related to environmental changes that are largely human-induced: in peat areas drainage lowered the land surface resulting in rising ground water tables. The observed succession of land-use types and the associated material culture bear a strong resemblance to developments elsewhere along the North Sea coast, partly dating to earlier periods. This confirms that before the building of dikes all along the coast (c. AD 1200) land use followed a cyclical path, as suggested by Brandt et al., 1984.
De Veluwse herengoederen
Authors: VEEN PETER , DE JONGE EVERT 
Published: June 2021

The ‘herengoederen’ in the Dutch region the Veluwe. Farming in a feudal system
In this article the development of the feudal system of ‘herengoederen’ (landowner estates) has been described for the region the Veluwe in the Netherlands. These estates were founded by the count and later duke of Gelre. In the 12th century the count of Gelre came to power due to the support of the bishop of Utrecht and the Roman-German emperor. He was able to start reclamation activities across the Veluwe region. The reclamation work was done by serfs who lived in on his estate. The term ‘herengoed’ was officially used in documents to describe a farming unit from 1543 onwards till 1795 ( the French Revolution). However, these farming units were much older as they originated form the 12th century. The system of ‘herengoed’ is an interesting subject for historical research because the administration of these farms is still available in the regional archives in the province of Gelderland. For every ‘herengoed’ a registration was set up about, for instance, the position of serfdom, the completeness of the estates and the registration of debts on the estates. A new owner of the ‘herengoed’ needed a permission (investiture) from the chamber of registration of the county of Gelre to live on the estate. After changes in the 16th century the province of Gelderland led the chamber of registration.
After a general introduction about the nature of ‘herengoederen’ a case study has been included for the local community Nunspeet with its four settlements Hulshorst, Westeinde, ‘t Hul and Oosteinde. The first remnants of settlements in this region were found during archaeological excavations in the 1970s. Periods of drought stimulated the farmers to start farming in the coastal area on the fringes of the Veluwe Plateau. After the establishment of the county of Gelre in the 12th century the coastal area between Veluwe and Zuiderzee was reclaimed within a couple of centuries. The system of reclamation was described in the article based on a study on cadastral and other maps from the 19th century and on information from the archives. The authors advise to start a Veluwe-wide inventory of all still existing ‘herengoederen’ because due to urbanisation and other causes the number of these estates has declined dramatically. A complete inventory of all these farming units has been missing up till now.
De windmolen
Authors: BAZELMANS JOS 
Published: June 2021

The windmill. The origins of a Dutch icon
The windmill is an icon of the Netherlands. But when did this instrument acquire this symbolic role at home and abroad? After all, mills are also common outside of the Netherlands. In this essay, it is argued that during the second half of the 19th century, foreigners systematically identified the Netherlands and the windmill for the first time. More than in other countries, there was a varied use of mills in the Netherlands, large and robust mills and clusters of industrial mills. Within the Netherlands itself, development towards an iconic position is only visible around the turn of the century when the mill turned out to be a plus in tourist recruitment abroad and when mills were slowly disappearing from the landscape.
Maïscultuur in Nederland
Authors: KOOIJ BEN 
Published: June 2021

Maize cultivation in the Netherlands
Columbus introduced maize in Spain at the end of the 15th century. At the end of 16th century, maize reached the Netherlands. However, the Dutch climate was not favorable enough to have the crop matured. Therefore, for a long time maize cultivation remained limited for study and observation. The Netherlands has not built up an old maize culture. On the other hand, Spanish and Portuguese farmers already cultivated plenty of maize in 1520. For the purpose of intensive livestock farming, the Netherlands started importing maize from America around 1850. After World War I, trade started again, but also research into the breeding of maize in order to make the Netherlands less dependent on foreign countries. After The Second World War, some farmers began to grow small-scale maize. However, it took until around 1975 before cultivation takes place on a large scale and a practical way of storage at farms has been developed. At present, maize cultivation is the largest crop in the Netherlands with over 216,000 hectares. This has led to a sharp change in the image of the historic arable landscape in 50 years.
Schiphol 1967-1975
Authors: VAN LENT ISABEL , MEURS PAUL 
Published: June 2021

Schiphol 1967-1975. Groundbreaking airport design
Schiphol was designed for growth. Almost immediately after the opening of the renewed airport in 1967, a large-scale expansion started, which was already foreseen in the design. The designers looked closely at the latest developments in airport design and construction and uncompromisingly brought them together. The result was a flexible, modular and expandable building that could accommodate any possible future scenario. Schiphol was a well-oiled machine, where the peace and quiet of the traveller’s experience was the central focal point. Schiphol became a worldwide reference for airport architecture. Commissioned by Schiphol Real Estate, Steenhuis- Meurs carried out a cultural-historical study of this construction phase. The aim was to gain insight into the identity and spatial quality of the 1960s Schiphol Airport and to provide tools for the further development of the airport. The results of the research were published in 2019 in the book Schiphol. Groundbreaking Airport Design 1967-1975.
Slavernijverleden werpt schaduw vooruit
Authors: KOREN DAVID 
Published: June 2021

Slavery past casts a shadow. A World Heritage Status for the plantation system of western Curaçao?
The possible nomination of the western plantations for the World Heritage List of UNESCO offers a possibility to safeguard this rather unique - but eroding - relict landscape. However, an important precondition for a successful nomination is consensus on a clear strategy and goals of a nomination. The strategy could involve a new nomination, but also an extension of the existing site of Willemstad. This latter option retroactively gives the opportunity to clarify the (architectural) wealth of Willemstad and to explain why people from different continents came together in this port city. Another precondition is popular support, which is rather shallow due to the centuries-long connection of plantations with slavery. A nomination definitely should acknowledge the dark pages of history, including the intangible aspects of this past. More systematic research into the various aspects of the slave society could help to fill such ‘knowledge gaps’. It seems wise to diminish the traditional focus on the architecture of the plantations and to consider them as a cultural landscape, as well as to focus on the ingenious ways people tried to make a living in this dry landscape. This implies that the selection needs to be revised, taking into account other modes of production, like salt, water and mining.
Het onzichtbare verleden van Sint-Eustatius
Authors: STELTEN RUUD 
Published: June 2021

The invisible past of St. Eustatius
Saint Eustatius, a small Dutch Caribbean island, was one of the busiest transit harbors in the 18th-century Atlantic World. While its importance as an entrepot in colonial trade networks has been well researched, much less is known about the less visible past on the island, which includes its plantation landscape and the lives of people belonging to the lowest social classes. Recent archaeological and documentary research have produced valuable data that sheds more light on these topics. This article discusses the significance of various elements in the island’s rural landscape, how they affected the experiences of the people living in it, and how these have shaped the history of the island.
Een plan voor grootschalige zoutwinning op Sint-Maarten
Authors: RENKEMA WIM 
Published: June 2021

A plan for large-scale salt extraction on Sint Maarten
A map of 1859 shows a huge project to produce salt in the Great Salt Pond (St. Martin, Dutch West Indies). It was a failure. Nevertheless, far into the 20th century salt-making continued to be an important industry, just as it was in former days. Nowadays, the Pond has been partly filled up to accommodate the extension of the town of Philipsburg. It is also used as a refuse-dump.
Sporen van een indigocultuur op Curaçao
Authors: DE HASETH CAREL , VAN DER HOEVEN FRANÇOIS 
Published: June 2021

Traces of indigo cultivation on Curaçao
During the 17th and 18th century indigo has been cultivated on the island of Curaçao. This article gives a description of the production of indigo using purpose- built basins and contains pictures of some of the indigobasins still to be found on the island.
‘Dat dit Nederlant is’
Authors: VREUGDENHIL MARLOES 
Published: June 2021

‘Dat dit Nederlant is’. The Netherlands described in six world atlases (1571-1664)
Despite vast research on early modern atlases and their maps, little is known about texts in atlases. This study focusses on these texts in verso about the Netherlands in six early modern Dutch world atlases (1571- 1664). Through their comprehensive descriptions and characterization of the Netherlands, these texts confirm and shape an image of the Netherlands and especially of the Dutch Republic. The study found that the atlases used the same sources and copy or paraphrase each other. This causes a delay in information, but also establishes a vast and repeated image of the Dutch Republic, with emphasis on the continuation of the Seventeen Netherlands into the Republic, the freedom and independence of the Provinces, and the trade and prosperity of the young Republic.
Verpachting van duingronden op Texel van 1855 tot 1885
Authors: VAN DER WEL NICO 
Published: June 2021

Lease of the coastal dunes of the island of Texel from 1855 to 1885
In 1855, the province of North Holland started exploiting the coastal dunes of the island of Texel. The dunes were divided into 19 large plots, each of which was leased for several years. This map from around 1840 served as an official document till 1886 and was regularly updated. It shows the plots and lists of tenants and rents for each lease period. Also interventions such as the construction of ditches and dikes were drawn. The map uniquely shows the Mient (‘commons’), a low and moist dune landscape which was botanically very rich, but which was almost completely drained and forested around 1900. The present dune area of Texel still bears the traces of the lease and the interventions from the 19th century.
Como habitar um não-lugar em tempos de crise? Raça e gênero do “Homo post pandemicus”
Authors: Bichara Marcelo Raphael Rocha , Koehler Carlos Benevenuto Guisard 
Published: June 2021

Este artigo é um ensaio transdisciplinar que tem como ponto de partida a encruzilhada civilizatória do ano 2020, seguindo a proposta do congresso de pensar os afetos do “Homo post pandemicus”. A partir da noção de “lugar de fala” como vetor de politização da produção acadêmica contemporânea, problematizamos a questão do “não-lugar” produzido nas várias esferas da vida contemporânea. Ao ilustrar o lugar de fala de um não-lugar, fizemos uma análise critica do construtivismo social radical presente atualmente nas discussões de gênero, renovando os conceitos da psicologia complexa à luz de novas evidências. Contrapomos à Teoria Queer pós-moderna uma outra visão, inspirada na sexualidade não-ocidental, que defendemos estar melhor corroborada pelas evidências científicas.
Hành vi gian lận nghĩa vụ bảo hiểm xã hội tại các doanh nghiệp trên địa bàn tỉnh Đồng Tháp - Áp dụng mô hình AMO
Authors: Thị Phương Đỗ , Anh Tuấn Lê , Thị Thúy Phượng Phan , Thanh Phong Trần 
Published: June 2021

Trong nghiên cứu này, tác giả vận dụng mô hình AMO để đánh giá hành vi gian lận trách nhiệm bảo hiểm xã hội của người sử dụng lao động tại tỉnh Đồng Tháp. Tác giả áp dụng mô hình AMO để kiểm định mối quan hệ của 3 thành phần (khả năng, cơ hội, động cơ) với hành vi gian lận.
Trong nghiên cứu này nhóm tác giả thu thập dữ liệu bằng hình thức chọn mẫu thuận tiện với 350 phiếu được phát ra (sau khi giải thích rõ với người được mời tham gia khảo sát về mục đích nghiên cứu và cam kết bảo đảm sự bí mật về thông tin mà họ cung cấp). Kết quả thu về được 248 phiếu trả lời hợp lệ (68,9%). Tác giả sử dụng phương pháp kết hợp định tính và định lượng với các công cụ như kỹ thuật thảo luận nhóm, phân tích độ tin cậy Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA, CFA, SEM. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy cả cơ hội và động cơ tác động trực tiếp có ý nghĩa thống kê tới hành vi, trong khi đó biến khả năng không có tác động trực tiếp nhưng có tác động gián tiếp thông qua biến trung gian cơ hội
DETERMINASI TOTAL FLAVONOID DAN TOTAL FENOLIK RIMPANG JERINGAU (Acorus calamus L.) DENGAN PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI PELARUT
Authors: Fuad Masduqi Ahmad , Radix Rahardhian Muhammad Ryan 
Published: June 2021

Rimpang jeringau merupakan salah satu kenaekaragaman hayati di Indonesia yang mengandung senyawa fenolik golongan flavanoid yang memiliki banyak khasiat untuk kesehatan. Rimpang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui skrining fitokimia, kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), determinasi total phenolic content (TPC) dan total flavanoid content (TFC) pada ekstrak etanol rimpang jeringau dengan metode perkolasi. Ekstrak rimpang jeringau mengandung senyawa alkaloid, tanin, flavanoid, saponin dan terpenoid pada skrining fitokimia dan KLT. Nilai TPC pada konsentrasi pelarut 50%, 70% dan 96% berturut- turut adalah 12,115±0,05 mg/g Gallat Acid Equivalent (GAE); 14,17±0,08 mg/g Gallat Acid Equivalent (GAE); 16,699±0,12 mg/g Gallat Acid Equivalent (GAE). Nilai TFC pada konsentrasi pelarut 50%, 70% dan 96% berturut- turut adalah 4,917±0,01 mg/g Rutin Equivalent (RE); 7,20±0,01 mg/g Rutin Equivalent (RE); 6,42±0,01 mg/g Rutin Equivalent (RE). Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak rimpang jeringau memiliki potensi sebagai sumber fenolik dan flavonoid dengan nilai TPC tertinggi pada ekstrak konsentrasi pelarut 96% dan nilai TFC tertinggi pada ekstrak konsentrasi pelarut 70%.
Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: Systemic Review
Authors: Rezkallah Emad , Elsaify Wael , Elsaify Andrew , Lim Grace 
Published: June 2021

Background: Minimal invasive surgery has become the standard for most surgical procedures now. Many studies have tried to compare robotic versus laparoscopic to adrenalectomy.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to review most of the available studies comparing robotic to laparoscopic adrenalectomy to evaluate which procedure provides the superior clinical outcomes. Methods: A systematic literature search of ScienceDirect and PubMed databases. The perioperative clinical outcomes were collected by two independent reviewers. We used Random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models to get the pooled effect estimates.
Results: 18 studies were eligible in our study. 10 of them were prospective and 8 were retrospective. A total of 1376 patients underwent adrenalectomy, 592 (43.02%) were treated with RA and 784 (56.9%) with the LA technique. There were no significant differences between both groups regarding the conversion rate (Odds ratio: 0.70, 95% CI 0.31-1.57, P= 0.65), intraoperative complications (OR: 2.18, 95% CI 0.49- 9.71, P= 0.28), post-operative complications (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.55-1.24, P= 0.49), and mortality (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.07-2.72, P= 0.98). However, robotic adrenalectomy was associated with longer operative times (MD: 9.89 min, 95% CI: -2.79 to 22.58), shorter hospital stay (MD: -0.33, 95% CI: -0.46 to -0.21) with less blood loss (MD: -25.34, 95% CI: -36.77 to -13.91).
Conclusions: We proved that robotic adrenalectomy has equal safety and feasibility with similar clinical outcomes when compared with laparoscopic approach. However, better well-designed studies are required to determine the role and cost-effectiveness of robotic adrenal surgery.
Vaccination Hesitancy: The Case of Cervical Cancer Vaccination in Fako Division, Cameroon
Authors: Fru C. Neh , Andrew Tassang , Greenspan David , Cho F. Nchang , Martin Mokake , Livingstone Joseph , Thierry Tassang , Fru P. Ngum , Derick Nembulefac 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The fight against cervical cancer stumbles against resistance to accepting vaccines. Vaccination hesitancy is a worldwide phenomenon. It seems this phenomenon is more amplified in Africa. With the advent of COVID 19, many conspiracy theories against all the vaccines have emanated from various quarters. Vaccination against Human Papilloma Virus is no exception to the current dynamics. A study on this topic was carried out in the Fako Division-Cameroon. Structural and individual reasons could explain vaccination hesitancy.
Objective: The objective of this study is to attempt an explanation of why vaccination hesitancy has to do with poor uptake of cervical cancer vaccines.
Methodology: a community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in some towns of the Fako Division – Cameroon from 5 to January 20, 2021. Paper-based questionnaires were administered only to those who consented to participate in this study. And chi-square test was estimated to establish the association between participant socioeconomic characteristics and cervical cancer vaccine hesitancy
Results: A total of 250 consecutively enrolled participants were included in the study. Women with a high level of education will readily accept vaccination against cervical cancer. About 71% of our sample does not trust government decisions regarding judgments against cervical cancer. If given a choice between medical treatment and prayers, 62% of our studied population will prefer prayers. There is some degree of bias against female children in our community.
Conclusion: Many components constitute vaccination hesitancy. The corruption of political elites, brainwashing of masses by the new type of churches, self-convictions, ignorance, lack of knowledge on CC, and gender bias are some. They all increase on structural causes: the colonial background and the low socioeconomic status of these countries.