bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of psychrometry on the performance of a solar collector
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok , Gebremicheal Gedion H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe investigation of a solar collector is based on the thermal behaviour of a carrier fluid and the degradation of energy across a flat plate collector. The exergy analysis of a thermal system includes the change in the exergy function of a carrier fluid while transferring solar radiation across an air gap. The cell cast acrylic glass was used to transmit the incident solar radiation to the absorber plate, and to safeguard the absorber plate from the outside environment. With the help of the steady flow energy equation, the enthalpy of the carrier fluid (moist air) was calculated. The specific humidity of the incoming air was calculated at an average dry bulb temperature of 299.4 K. The stagnation temperature at a limiting condition was also estimated to find out the maximum permissible limit for a given thermal design. The mass flow rate of air was assumed to be 5.2 g-s−1. The efficiency of the solar collector was found to vary from 40 to 42%, whereas the thermal energy available for drying was 15–59% of the exergy of the carrier fluid. The net entropy generation rate due to the collector plate was calculated to be 0.12 W-K−1.
The Impact of Perceived Discrimination on Mental Health Among Chinese Migrant and Left-Behind Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Yu , Hu Jingwen , Zhu Yi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn China, rural–urban migration is one of major influences on the mental health of migrant and left-behind children. Literature suggests that the perception of discrimination is an important factor that influences the mental health of these children. The present research explores (1) whether migrant children and left-behind children are different in the relationship between the perception of discrimination and mental health, and (2) whether the relationship between the perception of discrimination and mental health of these children is moderated by gender and age. Using a meta-analytic technique, the authors included 26 studies (generating 48 independent samples) with a total sample size of 28,883 participants. Results showed that the perception of discrimination of migrant children was negatively correlated with positive indicators of mental health, and it has a stronger effect than left-behind children; the perception of discrimination of migrant children was positively correlated with negative indicators of mental health, and it has a weaker effect than left-behind children. Additionally, gender moderated the relationship between the perception of discrimination and the positive indicators of mental health among left-behind children, while age moderated such relationship among migrant children.
Organisationsgesellschaft neu gedacht: Vom Archetyp zu neuen Formen der Organisation
Authors: Arnold Nadine , Hasse Raimund , Mormann Hannah 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungWährend die Organisationssoziologie vornehmlich auf die Analyse von Organisationen und zwischenorganisatorischen Arrangements konzentriert ist, finden wir in verschiedenen anderen Teilgebieten der Soziologie die Einschätzung, dass die Rolle von Organisationen hinsichtlich ihrer gesellschaftlichen Effekte oftmals nur unzureichend reflektiert wird. Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab, konzeptionelle Voraussetzungen zur Überwindung dieser Situation zu schaffen. In Abschn. 2 wird auf das Konzept der Organisationsgesellschaft rekurriert, so wie es in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts entwickelt worden ist. Als gemeinsames Problem dieser Forschungsbeiträge wird identifiziert, dass sie sich auf eine bestimmte – hier als Archetyp bezeichnete – Organisationsform beziehen, deren Dominanz im 21. Jahrhundert fragwürdig geworden ist. In Abschn. 3 wird deshalb vorgeschlagen, neue Organisationsformen einzubeziehen. Insbesondere wird auf Hyper-Organisation, partielle Organisation und Plattform-Organisation eingegangen. Es werden zwei Schwachpunkte dieser Konzepte identifiziert: Erstens suggerieren die entsprechenden Beiträge eine Ersetzung des Archetyps und vernachlässigen zudem andere neuartige Organisationsformen; zweitens beziehen sie gesellschaftliche Voraussetzungen und Folgen nur selektiv ein. Abschließend werden Perspektiven zur Überwindung dieser gravierenden Schwachstellen diskutiert.
Robust logistic zero-sum regression for microbiome compositional data
Authors: Monti G. S. , Filzmoser P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe introduce the Robust Logistic Zero-Sum Regression (RobLZS) estimator, which can be used for a two-class problem with high-dimensional compositional covariates. Since the log-contrast model is employed, the estimator is able to do feature selection among the compositional parts. The proposed method attains robustness by minimizing a trimmed sum of deviances. A comparison of the performance of the RobLZS estimator with a non-robust counterpart and with other sparse logistic regression estimators is conducted via Monte Carlo simulation studies. Two microbiome data applications are considered to investigate the stability of the estimators to the presence of outliers. Robust Logistic Zero-Sum Regression is available as an R package that can be downloaded athttps://github.com/giannamonti/RobZS.
Systematic review of latent tuberculosis infection research to inform programmatic management in Ireland
Authors: O’Connell James , de Barra Eoghan , McConkey Samuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe World Health Organisation (WHO) End Tuberculosis (TB) Strategy and the WHO Framework Towards Tuberculosis Elimination in Low Incidence Countries state that latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment in selected high-risk groups is a priority action to eliminate TB. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) advises that this should be done through high-quality programmatic management, which they describe as having six key components. The research aim was to systematically review the literature to identify what is known about the epidemiology of LTBI and the uptake and completion of LTBI screening and treatment in Ireland to inform the programmatic management of LTBI nationally. A systematic literature review was performed according to a review protocol and reported in adherence with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Twenty-eight studies were eligible for inclusion and described LTBI screening or treatment performed in one of five contexts, pre-biologic or other immunosuppression screening, people living with HIV, TB case contacts, other vulnerable populations, or healthcare workers. The risk of bias across studies with regard to prevalence of LTBI was generally high. One study reported a complete cascade of LTBI care from screening initiation to treatment completion. This systematic review has described what published research there is on the epidemiology and cascade of LTBI care in Ireland and identified knowledge gaps. A strategy for addressing these knowledge gaps has been proposed.
General data protection regulations (2018) and clinical research: perspectives of patients and doctors in an Irish university teaching hospital
Authors: Davey Matthew G. , O’Donnell John P.M. , Maher Elizabeth , McMenamin Cliona , McAnena Peter F. , Kerin Michael J. , Miller Nicola , Lowery Aoife J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundEurope’s General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, is a set of data protection rules on the acquisition, storage, use, and access of personal data. GDPR came into effect in May 2018 when it was introduced across all 27 European Union (EU) member states and the European Economic Area (EEA). Maintaining compliance with this legislation has presented significant new challenges for ongoing clinical research.AimsTo evaluate the knowledge and expectations of patients and doctors regarding GDPR and implications for future clinical research.MethodsAn anonymous 12-item questionnaire was circulated to patients and doctors at a University Teaching Hospital. Data analysis included descriptive statistics.ResultsFive hundred nine participants were included: 261 females (51.3%) and 248 males (48.7%). Three hundred fifty were patients (68.8%) and 159 were doctors (31.2%). Three hundred thirty-four participants were aware of GDPR (65.7%): 116 doctors (73.0%) and 218 patients (62.3%,P = 0.018). 71.1% of doctors were willing to allow their personal data to be processed anonymously as part of a clinical research project compared to 43.4% of patients (P < 0.001). 80.2% of patients believed explicit consent is needed before using personal data in clinical research in comparison to 60.4% of doctors (P < 0.001). Level of education impacted awareness of GDPR (P < 0.001); a higher level of education among patients increased GDPR familiarity (P < 0.001), however failed to impact doctor familiarity (P = 0.117).ConclusionGDPR has introduced complexity to the processing and sharing of personal data among researchers. This study has identified differences in the perception of GDPR and willingness to consent to data being used in clinical research between doctors and patients. Measures to adequately inform prospective research participants on data processing and the evolving landscape of data protection regulation should be prioritised.
Thilachium madagascariense (Capparaceae), a new species from eastern Madagascar with a key to the species of the genus
Authors: Fici Silvio 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThilachium madagascarienseFici, a small tree characterised by 1-foliolate leaves with articulate petioles, leaf blades elliptic or narrowly obovate with base attenuate and apex acuminate, flowers in groups of 2 – 3 at the top of lateral twigs and a high number of stamens, is described and illustrated from forest habitats of eastern Madagascar. The new species is similar toT. laurifoliumBaker, a species endemic to central and eastern Madagascar, differing in the longer leaves with acuminate apex, flowers conferted at the top of lateral twigs, shorter pedicels, higher number of stamens and shorter gynophore. Its affinities are discussed and an updated key is provided for all the species of the genusThilachium.
The Cerebellum in Drug-naive Children with Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Tikoo Sankalp , Suppa Antonio , Tommasin Silvia , Giannì Costanza , Conte Giulia , Mirabella Giovanni , Cardona Francesco , Pantano Patrizia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are two neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive behaviors. Our recent study in drug-naive children with TS and OCD provided evidence of cerebellar involvement in both disorders. In addition, cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) was similar in TS patients without comorbidities (TSpure) and TS patients with OCD comorbidity (TS + OCD), but differed in pure OCD patients. To investigate in detail the cerebellar involvement in the pathophysiology of TS and OCD, we explored cerebellar structural and functional abnormalities in drug-naive children with TSpure, TS + OCD, and OCD and assessed possible correlations with severity scores. We examined 53 drug-naive children, classified as TSpure (n = 16), TS + OCD (n = 14), OCD (n = 11), or controls (n = 12). All subjects underwent a multimodal 3T magnetic resonance imaging examination. Cerebellar lobular volumes and quantitative diffusion tensor imaging parameters of cerebellar peduncles were used as measures of structural integrity. The dentate nucleus was selected as a region of interest to examine cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity alterations. Structural analysis revealed that both TSpure and TS + OCD patients had higher fractional anisotropy in cerebellar peduncles than controls. Conversely, OCD patients were characterized by lower fractional anisotropy than both controls and TSpure and TS + OCD patients. Lastly, cerebellar functional connectivity analysis revealed significant alterations in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit in TSpure, TS + OCD, and OCD patients. Early cerebellar structural and functional changes in drug-naive pediatric TSpure, TS + OCD, and OCD patients support a primary role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of these disorders.
Multiple solutions and transient chaos in a nonlinear flexible coupling model
Authors: Margielewicz Jerzy , Gąska Damian , Opasiak Tadeusz , Litak Grzegorz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a flexible tyre coupling via computer modelling and simulation. The research mainly focused on identifying basins of attraction of coexisting solutions of the formulated phenomenological coupling model. On the basis of the derived mathematical model, and by assuming ranges of variability of the control parameters, the areas in which chaotic clutch movement takes place are determined. To identify multiple solutions, a new diagram of solutions (DS) was used, illustrating the number of coexisting solutions and their periodicity. The DS diagram was drawn based on the fixed points of the Poincaré section. To verify the proposed method of identifying periodic solutions, the graphic image of the DS was compared to the three-dimensional distribution of the largest Lyapunov exponent and the bifurcation diagram. For selected values of the control parameter ω, coexisting periodic solutions were identified, and basins of attraction were plotted. Basins of attraction were determined in relation to examples of coexistence of periodic solutions and transient chaos. Areas of initial conditions that correspond to the phenomenon of unstable chaos are mixed with the conditions of a stable periodic solution, to which the transient chaos is attracted. In the graphic images of the basins of attraction, the areas corresponding to the transient and periodic chaos are blurred.
A Superhydrophobic/Electrothermal/Photothermal Synergistically Anti-icing Strategy with Excellent Self-healable and Anti-abrasion Property
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Jian , Duan Wei , Li Chunyan , Han Huilong , Xie Qing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnexpected ice accumulation tends to cause many problems or even disasters in our daily life. Based on the superior electrothermal and photothermal function of the carbon nanotubes, we introduced a superhydrophobic/electrothermal/photothermal synergistically anti-icing strategy. When a voltage of 15 V was applied to the superhydrophobic sample, the surface could rapidly melt the ice layer (~ 3 mm thickness) within 530 s at the environmental temperature of − 25 °C. When the near-infrared light (808 nm) irradiates on the superhydrophobic sample, the ice could be rapidly removed after 460 s. It was found that the superhydrophobicity helps the melted water to roll off immediately, and then solves the re-freeze problem the traditional surfaces facing. Moreover, the ice can be completely melted with 120 s when the superhydrophobic/electrothermal/photothermal synergistically anti-icing strategy was utilized. To improve the mechanical robustness for practical application, both nanoscale carbon nanotubes and microscale carbon powders were utilized to construct hierarchical structure. Then these dual-scale fillers were sprinkled onto the semi-cured elastomer substrate to prepare partially embedded structure. Both hierarchical structure and partially embedded structure were obtained after completely curing the substrate, which imparts excellent abrasion resistance (12.50 kPa, 16.00 m) to the prepared sample. Moreover, self-healable poly(urea–urethane) elastomer was introduced as the substrate. Thus, the cutted superhydrophobic sample can be mended by simply contacting at room temperature.
Development of Strategies to Reduce Ventilation and Heating Costs in a Swedish Sublevel Caving Mine—a Unique Case of LKAB’s Konsuln Mine
Authors: Gyamfi S. , Halim A. , Martikainen A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper outlines a unique case of the development of strategies to reduce ventilation and heating costs in Konsuln iron ore mine in northern Sweden. The mine, located just south of Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag’s Kiruna iron ore mine, was developed as a test mine 2018–2020 for the Sustainable Underground Mining (SUM) project. Besides functioning as a test mine, Konsuln also contributes ore production. The existing mine ventilation system was designed for the current production rate of 0.8 million tons per annum (Mtpa). There is a plan to increase this rate to between 1.8 and 3 Mtpa in the future, and this requires the primary fans to be upgraded. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine whether using ventilation on demand (VOD) could avoid this fan upgrade and reduce Konsuln’s ventilation and heating power costs in the future. The study also investigated whether using battery electric vehicles (BEVs) along with VOD or as a standalone strategy could further reduce these power costs. In addition, the study analyzed the suitability of heating power reduction strategies presently or previously used in the Nordic countries and Canada to investigate potential additional strategies to reduce the heating power cost, the largest portion of Konsuln’s ventilation and heating power costs. The study found using VOD can avoid the expensive upgrading of the existing primary fans and reduce Konsuln’s ventilation and heating power costs in the future. Using BEVs can further reduce these costs. Finally, none of the Nordic and Canadian heating power reduction strategies is suitable for Konsuln because they require unique conditions that do not exist in Konsuln.
Deep Quantile Regression for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in Time-Series
Authors: Tambuwal Ahmad Idris , Neagu Daniel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTime-series anomaly detection receives increasing research interest given the growing number of data-rich application domains. Recent additions to anomaly detection methods in research literature include deep neural networks (DNNs: e.g., RNN, CNN, and Autoencoder). The nature and performance of these algorithms in sequence analysis enable them to learn hierarchical discriminative features and time-series temporal nature. However, their performance is affected by usually assuming a Gaussian distribution on the prediction error, which is either ranked, or threshold to label data instances as anomalous or not. An exact parametric distribution is often not directly relevant in many applications though. This will potentially produce faulty decisions from false anomaly predictions due to high variations in data interpretation. The expectations are to produce outputs characterized by a level of confidence. Thus, implementations need the Prediction Interval (PI) that quantify the level of uncertainty associated with the DNN point forecasts, which helps in making better-informed decision and mitigates against false anomaly alerts. An effort has been made in reducing false anomaly alerts through the use of quantile regression for identification of anomalies, but it is limited to the use of quantile interval to identify uncertainties in the data. In this paper, an improve time-series anomaly detection method called deep quantile regression anomaly detection (DQR-AD) is proposed. The proposed method go further to used quantile interval (QI) as anomaly score and compare it with threshold to identify anomalous points in time-series data. The tests run of the proposed method on publicly available anomaly benchmark datasets demonstrate its effective performance over other methods that assumed Gaussian distribution on the prediction or reconstruction cost for detection of anomalies. This shows that our method is potentially less sensitive to data distribution than existing approaches.
A survey of human pilot models for study of Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO) in longitudinal aircraft motion
Authors: Bidinotto J.H. , Moura H.C. , Macedo J.P.C.A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO), although an old issue, still poses a significant threat to aviation safety. The introduction of new systems in modern aircraft modifies the human–machine interaction and makes it necessary for research to revisit the subject from time to time. Given the need of aircraft manufacturers to constantly perform PIO tests, this study analysed the feasibility of using three different computational pilot models (Tustin, Crossover and Precision) to simulate PIO conditions. Three aircraft models with different levels of propensity to PIO (original, low propensity and high propensity) were tested, as well as two pilot gain conditions (normal and high). Data were collected for a purely longitudinal synthetic task through simulations conducted in MATLAB®. PIO conditions were detect using a tuned PIO detection algorithm (ROVER). Data were analysed in terms of both whether the pilot models triggered a PIO condition and for how long the condition was sustained. The results indicated that the three pilot models only provoked PIO conditions when high gain inputs were applied. Additionally, Crossover was the only pilot model to trigger a PIO for the three aircraft models. There were also significant differences between the pilot models in the total PIO time, as the Tustin model typically sustained the oscillatory condition for longer.
Institutional improvements in readability of written informed consent forms sustained post-revised Common Rule
Authors: Caballero Alison , Leath Katherine J. , Gan Jennifer M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Obtaining informed consent is a fundamental and ethical practice within human subjects’ research. Informed consent forms (ICFs) include a large amount of information, much of which may be unfamiliar to research subjects, and the revised Common Rule resulted in several required additions to that language. As limited health literacy impacts many potential subjects, efforts should be made to optimize subjects’ ability to read and understand ICFs. In this brief report, we describe an assessment of ICFs at an academic medical center to evaluate longitudinal changes in readability with the introduction and update of a plain language ICF template.
Cross-dialectal diversity in Mukrī Kurdish I: Phonological and phonetic variation
Authors: Asadpour Hiwa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article provides a comparative overview of phonological and phonetic differences of Mukrī Kurdish varieties and their geographical distribution. Based on the examined data, four distinct varieties can be distinguished. In each variety area, different phonological patterns are analyzed according to age, gender, and social groups in order to establish cross-regional and cross-generational developments in relation to specific phonological distributions and shifts. The variety regions which are examined in the present article include West Mukrī (representing an archaic form of Mukrī), Central Mukrī (representing a linguistically peripheral dialect), East Mukrī (representing mixed archaic and peripheral dialect features), and South Mukrī (sharing features of both Mukrī and Ardałānī). The study concludes that variation in the Mukrīyān region depends on phonological developments, which in turn are due to geographical and sociological factors. Moreover, contact-induced change and internal language development are also established as triggering factors distinguishing regional variants.