bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide, Melancholia, and Manic Defense in Byron’s Manfred
Authors: Lansdown Richard 
Published: July 2021

Richard Lansdown, “Suicide, Melancholia, and Manic Defense in Byron's Manfred” (pp. 1–32)
This essay presents a literary-critical account of Lord Byron’s verse drama Manfred (1817) from the perspective of Freudian and Object Relations psychological theories, in particular as regards the distinction between melancholia and mourning and the presence of part-objects within the psyche. It argues that whereas it is important to preserve a distinction between the poet and his works, such a distinction can never be total: like Childe Harold, Manfred is clearly in part a personal projection, given Byron’s state of mind at the time of composition. To provide context for these discussions the essay surveys both Byron’s personal views concerning suicide and the history of self-slaughter in Western culture, with Romanticism as a particular focus. The poet’s attitudes were many and various, depending on which cases he had in mind. Furthermore, the Romantic tradition initiated by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) and continued by Byron’s numerous treatments of suicide mark a complication of the attitudes we find voiced by Enlightenment philosophers and, indeed, by Sigmund Freud himself.
The Relevance of Islamic Religiosity, Islamic Work Ethics, and Job Satisfaction of Employees in Islamic Financial Institutions in Gorontalo.
Authors: Ajuna Luqmanul Hakiem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. This research analyses the influence of Islamic religiosity and the Islamic work ethics on job satisfaction of employees in Islamic Financial Institutions in Gorontalo Indonesia. Using a questionnaire method, this research had 137 employees as samples spreading in 14 Islamic financial institutions in Gorontalo Province. This research used multiple linear regression approach. Based on data analysis, the result showed that simultaneously the religiosity and Islamic work ethics variables affected the employee’s job satisfaction, whereas in partial, only the Islamic work ethics variable influenced the job satisfaction. Overall, the employees have not yet found a medium to explore their Islamic potential, thus their expressions of religiosity seemed to be scriptural and only limited to practices and rituals.Keywords : Islamic Religiosity, Islamic Working Ethics, Job Satisfaction Abstrak. Relevansi Religiusitas Islam, Etika Kerja Islam, dan Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai Lembaga Keuangan Syariah di Gorontalo. Penelitian ini melihat pengaruh religiusitas Islam dan etika kerja Islam terhadap kepuasan kerja di lembaga keuangan syariah di Provinsi Gorontalo. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang diolah dengan menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 137 pegawai yang tersebar di 14 lembaga keuangan syariah di Provinsi Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menyebutkan bahwa secara simultan variabel religiusitas dan etika kerja Islam berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja, sedangkan secara parsial hanya variabel etika kerja islam yang memberi pengaruh pada kepuasan kerja. Secara menyeluruh bahwa pegawai belum memiliki wadah untuk mengeksplor potensi keberagamaan mereka sehinga ekspresi kebebasan keberagamaan masih terkesan kaku dan hanya terbatas pada praktik dan ritualisme semata.Kata Kuci: religiusitas islam, etika kerja Islam, dan kepuasan kerja
Students’ Voices on Lecturers’ Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) in Their Writing Tasks
Authors: Adrefiza Adrefiza , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , Fortunasari Fortunasari 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTAlthough studies on Written Corrective Feedback (WCF, hereafter) have been increasingly prevalent in the last few years, inquiries on how advisory students perceive the lecturers’ feedback on their writing tasks have been likely scarce, especially in Indonesian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) contexts. This study examines the students’ perception and evaluation of the lecturers’ WCF in response to errors and inaccuracies in their academic writing tasks. Through an online survey questionnaire distributed to 46 respondents via email, the results show that the majority of students appreciated any forms of feedback from the lecturers. Their writing skills in four aspects (grammar, vocabulary, organization, and mechanics) also improved significantly through an enhancement of their self-directed learning. Following the analysis model by one of previous studies, the results showed that the students preferred direct WCF to the Indirect one (58.7 %: 15.2 %), while the “Praise” category was given the highest rate with an average score of (4.06). “Criticism”, on the other hand, was the lowest one with an average score of only (2.3) in the evaluation. It is recommended that lecturers always avoid unclear, vague, aggressive, thoughtless, and inappropriate feedback to improve students’ writing skills and performance. ABSTRAKMeskipun studi tentang Umpan Balik Korektif Tertulis (WCF, selanjutnya) semakin lazim dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, namun, diskusi tentang penilaian mahasiswa terhadap umpan balik dosen terkait tugas menulis mereka sangat terbatas, terutama dalam konteks Lembaga Pendidikan Tinggi Indonesia (PT). Penelitian ini mengkaji persepsi dan evaluasi mahasiswa terhadap WCF dosen dalam merespon kesalahan dan ketidaktepatan dalam tugas menulis akademik mahasiswa. Melalui kuesioner survei online yang dibagikan kepada 46 responden melalui email, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa mengapresiasi segala bentuk umpan balik dari dosen. Keterampilan menulis mereka dalam empat aspek (tata bahasa, kosakata, organisasi, dan mekanik) juga meningkat secara signifikan melalui peningkatan pembelajaran mandiri mereka. Mengacu kepada model analysis dari salah satu penelitian terdahulu, ditemukan bahwa penggunaan WCF Langsung lebih disukai oleh siswa daripada penggunaan Tidak Langsung (58,7%: 15,2%), sedangkan kategori “Pujian” diberikan nilai tertinggi dengan nilai rata-rata (4,06). Sementara, “Kritik” adalah yang paling rendah dengan skor rata-rata hanya (2,3) dalam evaluasi. Disarankan agar dosen selalu memberikan semangat, namun hindari umpan balik yang tidak jelas, kabur, agresif, ceroboh, dan tidak tepat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis dan prestasi mahasiswa.
Vergence fusion sustaining oscillations
Authors: Semmlow John L. , Yaramothu Chang , Scheiman Mitchell , Alvarez Tara 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that the slow, or fusion sustaining, component of disparity vergence contains oscillatory behavior. Given the delays in disparity vergence control, a feedback control system would be expected to exhibit oscillations following the initial transient period. This study extends the examination of this behavior to a wider range of frequencies and a larger number of subjects.
Methods: Disparity vergence responses to symmetrical 4.0 deg step changes in target position were recorded in 15 subjects. Approximately three seconds of the late component of each response were isolated using interactive graphics and the frequency spectrum calculated. Peaks in these spectra associated with oscillatory behavior were identified and examined.
Results: All subjects exhibited oscillatory behavior with primary frequencies ranging between 0.45 and 0.6 Hz; much lower than those identified in the earlier study. All responses showed significant higher frequency components. These higher frequency components were related in both frequency and amplitude with the primary frequency indicating that they are harmonics probably generated by nonlinearities in the neural control processes. A correlation was found across subjects between the amplitude of the primary frequency and the maximum velocity of the fusion initialing component probably due the gain of shared neural pathways.
Conclusion: Low frequency oscillatory behavior was found in all subjects adding support that the slow, or fusion sustaining, component is mediated by a feedback control. Data have clinical implications in that dysfunction in feedback control may manifest as additional vergence error which may be reflected in the frequency spectrum.
Implementing Peer Tutoring for the Development of Empathy in Nursing Education
Authors: Durán Gisbert David , Vázquez Rivas Anabel 
Published: July 2021

Objective. This research sets out the effects of a training method based on peer tutoring, aimed at developing empathy among nursing students at the University of Barcelona (Spain).
Methods. After initial training, students are matched in pairs with similar level of empathy, exchanging the role of tutor and tutee in every session, during 12 sessions. Before the session, the tutor prepares the activities to work with his or her tutee, following this structure: exploration of prior knowledge, explanation, practical activities, feedback, and reflection. Jefferson Scale of Empathy was administered as pre-test and post-test to 76 nursing students, 40 in the intervention group, and 36 in the comparison group. Following a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, a quantitative study (a quasi-experimental design with a comparison group) was combined with a qualitative study (interaction analysis of the 12 videotaped sessions).
Results. The results revealed statistically significant improvements in empathy in the intervention group. Subsequent analysis of the peer tutoring interaction highlighted the specific actions that had resulted in these improvements and generated a context in which the tutee was able to understand complex concepts, while enabling both students to participate, reflect and discuss.
Conclusion. Peer tutoring is an effective method for the development of empathy in nursing students.
Quality of Professional Life and Burnout of the Nursing Staff at an Intensive Care Unit in Venezuela
Authors: Quijada-Martínez Pedro José , Cedeño-Idrogo Irmarys Rosangel , Terán-Ángel Guillermo 
Published: July 2021

Objective. To determine the relationship between the level of quality of professional life and the characteristics of the burnout syndrome of the nursing staff in the intensive care unit.
Methods. An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted in the intensive care unit of a public hospital in Mérida (Venezuela), with the participation of 40 nurses from a total population of 43. The Professional Quality ofLife of 35 items (QoPL-35) and Maslach Burnout Inventory scales were used.
Results. Of the participants, 67.5% were professionals and 32.5% were residents, < 41 years of age (75%) and of female sex (90%). The professional quality of life was regular (median = 213), the intrinsic motivation dimension was the best scored (median = 76), followed by that of workload (median = 68) and that of directive support (median = 65). The prevalence of high burnout syndrome was 22.5%; emotional exhaustion affected 75.5% of the participants and 37.5% had low personal achievement. The level of professional quality of life was related with the severity of the burnout syndrome (p=0.04).
Conclusion. The professional quality of life of the nurses in the ICU studied was regular and is associated with a higher risk of suffering severe burnout syndrome.
Effectiveness of application of a manual for improvement of alarms management by nurses in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Yousefinya Amirhossein , Torabizadeh Camellia , Zand Farid , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Fararooei Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

Objective. To evaluate the effects of application of a manual on the improvement of alarms management in Intensive Care Units (ICU).
Methods. This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effectiveness of the introduction into of a manual for alarm management and control in the ICU of a hospital in southeastern Iran. The intervention was a 4-hour workshop was on topics related to the adverse effects of alarms, standardization of ECG, oxygen saturation and blood pressure monitoring systems, and the use of ventilators and infusion pumps. Data were collected thorough 200 hours of observation of 60 ICU nurses (100 hours’ pre-intervention and 100 hours’ post-intervention). Response time, type of response, customization of alarm settings for each patient, the person responding to an alarm, and the cause of the alarm were analyzed. Alarms were classified into three types: false, true and technical.
Results. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-intervention frequency of alarm types, frequency of monitoring parameters, customized monitoring settings for patients, and individuals who responded to alarms. The percentage of effective interventions was significantly higher for all parameters after the intervention (46.9%) than before the intervention (38.9%).
Conclusion. The employment of a manual for management of alarms from electronic equipment in ICUs can increase the frequency of appropriate responses to alarms in these units.
The direct wave root in marine seismology
Authors: Stephen R. A. , Bolmer S. T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The “direct wave root” is an evanescent wave which is observed below the sea floor when the direct water wave is incident on the sea floor from above at supercritical angles. For shallow borehole receivers, it is the largest amplitude arrival on large offset seismograms. The wave has been studied and observed in electromagnetics and acoustics but this paper is the first report of the “direct wave root” in marine seismology.
Theoretically, an expression for the “direct wave root” can be obtained from a branch line integral in the complex ray parameter plane for the transmission problem between two acoustic half-spaces. Synthetic seismogram analysis based on the discrete wavenumber (or reflectivity) method can be applied to study the more realistic cases of elastic bottoms, gradients beneath the sea floor, and intrinsic attenuation. Steep gradients below the sea floor give amplitude-depth relations which are not exponential. Attenuation (Q = 40) affects amplitudes less than 1 dB.
Observations of the “direct wave root” have been made at the Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 504B in the Costa Rica Rift area and the observed properties are consistent with theory. It is proposed that more detailed measurements of the decay of the “direct wave root” amplitude with depth be used to obtain high resolution measurements of upper crustal elastic properties at seismic frequencies.
Source parameters from locally recorded aftershocks of the 9 January 1982 Miramichi, New Brunswick, earthquake
Authors: Mueller Charles S. , Cranswick Edward 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSource parameters are derived from 111 locally recorded three-component seismograms of 40 aftershocks (magnitude = 1.0 to 3.5) of the 9 January 1982 Miramichi, New Brunswick, earthquake. This data set greatly expands the set of three-component data recorded at small source-to-receiver distances in eastern North America. Preliminary analysis showed that some aftershock spectra were modified by strong site effects. The need to understand and account for site effects, when analyzing the aftershock data in terms of simple source models, led to a two-part data analysis. First, site effects were modeled as a seismic-wave resonance in a thin layer (0 to 10 m) of low-seismic-impedance glacial till over a high-seismic-impedance bedrock half-space. Second, we calculated source parameters from SH-wave seismograms and amplitude spectra, incorporating what had been learned about site resonances. Correcting for obvious site effects partially succeeded in reducing scatter in the source-parameter determinations but some site-dependent discrepancies remain. Seismic moments range from 1 × 1018 to 5 × 1020 dyne-cm and corner frequencies from 5 to 45 Hz. Brune-model stress drops primarily range between 5 and 300 bars; stress drop apparently increases with increasing seismic moment. Trends in apparent stress calculated from radiated energy and seismic moment parallel trends in stress drop. Corner frequencies from these locally recorded data are greater than those derived from regionally recorded Lg waves for earthquakes of comparable moment. This result contradicts a recently proposed M0ω4 = constant source-scaling law based primarily on Lg data.
On the geometrical spreading of viscoelastic waves
Authors: Krebes E. S. , Hearn D. J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractKrebes and Hron (1980) derived a formula for the geometrical spreading factor L for a seismic wave propagating through a layered viscoelastic medium. They assumed the angle γ0 between the propagation and attenuation vectors of the initial ray segment was constant. In this paper, the general formula for L is derived, in which γ0 is a function of the take-off angle θ0 (the functional form depends on source conditions). For the special case γ0 = θ0, which corresponds, for example, to an air-shot source just above the surface, the formula for L simplifies considerably. A few numerical evaluations of L for certain cases are also presented to illustrate the differences between elastic and viscoelastic geometrical spreading. The differences are small or negligible at small enough source-receiver offsets but can be large at greater offsets in cases where viscoelastic critical angles are different enough from elastic ones or do not exist. These cases, however, may not be very representative of true anelastic effects in the earth.
The statistical dynamics of the earthquake process
Authors: Lomnitz-Adler J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA theory is presented for the computation of the statistical properties of the seismicity from a model of the rupture mechanism for a system of faults. This connection is made by way of a family of distributions which represent the likelihood that the system be in a given configuration. The equation for the time evolution of these distributions is given in terms of the rupture model. Transient effects are shown to decay exponentially. Two model problems are solved.
Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space
Authors: Okada Yoshimitsu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA complete suite of closed analytical expressions is presented for the surface displacements, strains, and tilts due to inclined shear and tensile faults in a half-space for both point and finite rectangular sources. These expressions are particularly compact and free from field singular points which are inherent in the previously stated expressions of certain cases. The expressions derived here represent powerful tools not only for the analysis of static field changes associated with earthquake occurrence but also for the modeling of deformation fields arising from fluid-driven crack sources.
Frequency-moment distribution of earthquakes in the Aleutian Arc: A test of the characteristic earthquake model
Authors: Davison Frederick C. , Scholz Christopher H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The frequency-moment distribution of earthquakes is derived for discrete regions of the entire Aleutian Arc, both for segments which have ruptured in historic times and those regions which have been identified as seismic gaps. This distribution is then compared to the moment of the largest event in the respective region, or for gaps, the largest event which is likely to occur based on a plate-kinematic model of accumulated moment. Data for this study are based upon three data sources. Instrumental data are utilized for the 18 yr subsequent to the establishment of the World Wide Standardized Seismograph Network (WWSSN). Data for events of magnitude 7 and greater have been carefully collected and are presumed to be complete for the time period 1899 to present. The last data set is comprised of the largest event in each region, either an actual earthquake or the moment estimate based on current plate slip rates. Data were normalized to the recurrence time of the largest event in the respective zone. In all cases, the data seriously underestimate the largest moment event, indicating that a characteristic earthquake model is appropriate for individual fault zones. However, if the data are combined for the entire arc, the largest event is closely predicted. This indicates that a b-value model may be utilized only for regions in which there is a distribution in the size of earthquake producing faults.
Seismic noise in Fennoscandia, with emphasis on high frequencies
Authors: Bungum H. , Mykkeltveit S. , Kværna T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs part of a siting survey for the NORESS small-aperture regional array, the seismic noise field for frequencies up to about 50 Hz was studied for various sites in Fennoscandia, with emphasis on the NORSAR siting area. Power spectral bias sources were studied in order to ensure a sufficient resolution and dynamic range. It was found that the 1-Hz noise level at NORSAR usually ranges from 1 to 10 nm2/Hz. Above 2 to 3 Hz, the noise power falls off at a rate of about f−5 to levels of about 10−5 nm2/Hz at 10 Hz and 10−8 nm2/Hz at 40 Hz. The slope is much steeper for lower frequencies, where levels between 104 and 108 nm2/Hz were observed at 0.2 to 0.3 Hz. The noise field shows variability both in time and space for frequencies below 2 to 3 Hz, and stability in time for higher frequencies, where essentially only cultural noise sources contribute to the variation. Windgenerated noise is usually negligible around 10 Hz, but contributes 5 to 15 dB at 20 to 30 Hz. Diurnal variations are about 2 dB at 4 Hz and negligible at low frequencies. Only small variations in noise levels are found throughout Fennoscandia, with slightly lower values for Finland and slightly higher for northern Norway, as compared to southeastern Norway. The spatial correlation properties of the noise show variability for frequencies below 2 to 3 Hz and stability for higher frequencies: in the 1- to 3-Hz band, the correlation coefficients drop to zero at interstation distances ranging from 800 to 1500 m, and in the 3- to 5-Hz range from 400 to 500 m. After reaching zero, the correlation values usually approach a level of about −0.2 before increasing again. A frequency dependence was also found for the propagational characteristics, with westerly noise directions dominating for frequencies of 1 Hz and below, and easterly directions in the 2- to 8-Hz range. The degree of randomness in the noise increases with increasing frequency, leaving only a small propagational part at 8 Hz. There is clear evidence for a difference in noise-generating processes below and above 2 to 3 Hz due to differences in spectral slope, in spectral time and space variability, in correlation characteristics, and in propagational characteristics.