bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interval Exercise Training Affects Expression of MCT-1, GLUT-1, PFK-1 and p53 as Key Metabolic Regulators on Azoxymethane-Induced Experimental Colon Cancer
Authors: Shirvani Hossein , Bazgir Behzad , Rahimi Mostafa , Isanejad Amin , Samadi Mohammad , Sobhani Vahid , Alizadeh Ali Mohammad , Arabzadeh Ehsan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Physical activity is one of the modulators of the cancer risk and survival factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was considering of pre and post interval exercise training on expression of MCT-1, GLUT-1, PFK-1 and p53 as a key metabolic regulators in azoxymethane-induced experimental colon cancer
Methods

Forty-eight male BALB/c mice were equally randomized into 6 groups: I: control (C); healthy animals, II: Exercise (E), III: tumor induction (T); animals received AOM for inducing colon cancer, IV: AOM + exercise (TE); animals with colon cancer underwent 8 weeks of the interval training protocol after tumor establishment, V: exercise + AOM (ET); animals received exercise protocol one week before AOM consumption, and (VI) exercise + AOM + exercise (ETE); animals received exercise protocol one week before and after AOM consumption (about 15 weeks) Groups III-VI were weekly-received AOM (as a carcinogenic agent, 10 mg/kg s.c) in three consecutive weeks to induce colon cancer. Interval exercise training was begun at 16–18 m/min, 10–14 min, 5 days/week for 6 weeks.
Results

The results showed that the tumor significantly increased mRNA and protein of MCT1 in the tumor group compared to the control group (p < 0.001), Also, exercise before and after tumor induction reduced MCT1 (and other glucose regulators) in the colon (respectively: p < 0.02 and p < 0.01). While the p53 gene decreased significantly in the tumor group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Exercise before tumor induction and after tumor induction increased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.04 respectively) in p53 compared to the tumor group. ETE group also downregulate the expression of glucose metabolism genes in colon tumor (p < 0.05).
Conclusion

Long-term aerobic interval exercise (pre, post, pre&post tumor) can contribute to inhibition of tumor progression and treatment against colon cancer. It seems that these preventive and treatment effects exercise training can attribute to the regulation of lactate and glucose transporters by up-regulation of p53 colorectal cancer cells.
Regulating primary microplastics in the European Union
Authors: Rheinberger Christoph , Elo Perrti , Henrichson Sanna , Kapanen Anu , Lefevre-Brevart Sandrine , Majoros Laszlo , Stoyanova Evgenia , Simpson Peter 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Microplastic pollution receives increasing attention of policy makers. Primary microplastics are of particular interest as they may be effectively regulated by source reduction. We identify major emission sources and sinks of primary microplastics in the EU and discuss key challenges for optimal regulation
Genetic Dependency of Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Genes across Cells and Tissue Types
Authors: Jaladanki Suraj Kevin , Elmas Abdulkadir , Santos-Malave Gabriel , Huang Kuan-lin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Effective treatments targeting disease etiology are urgently needed for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although candidate AD genes have been identified and altering their levels may serve as therapeutic strategies, the consequence of such alterations remain largely unknown. Herein, we analyzed CRISPR knockout/RNAi knockdown screen data for over 700 cell lines and evaluated cellular dependencies of 104 AD-associated genes previously identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and gene expression network studies. Multiple genes showed widespread cell dependencies across tissue lineages, suggesting their inhibition may yield off-target effects. Meanwhile, several genes including SPI1, MEF2C, GAB2, ABCC11, ATCG1 were identified as genes of interest since their genetic knockouts specifically affected high-expressing cells whose tissue lineages are relevant to cell types found in AD. Overall, analyses of genetic screen data identified AD-associated genes whose knockout or knockdown selectively affected cell lines of relevant tissue lineages, prioritizing targets for potential AD treatments.
Revisit Electrolyte Chemistry of Hard Carbon in Ether for Na Storage
Authors: Pan Jun , Sun Yi-Yang , Yan Yehao , Feng Lei , Zhang Yifan , Lin Aming , Huang Fuqiang , Yang Jian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hard carbons (HC) as an anode material in sodium ion batteries, present enhanced electrochemical performances in ether-based electrolytes, making them promising potential in practical applications. However, the underlying mechanism behind the excellent performances is still in question. Here, ex-situ nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-resolution transmission electron microscope were used to clarify the insightful chemistry of ether- and ester-based electrolytes in terms of solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) on hard carbons. The results confirm the marked electrolyte decomposition and the formation of a SEI film in EC/DEC, but no SEI film in the case of diglyme. In-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and molecule dynamics support that ether molecules have been co-intercalated into hard carbons likely. To our knowledge, these results are reported for the first time. It might be very useful for us to rational design advanced electrode materials based HC in future.
Understanding the Influence of Ghanaian Women’s Migration Patterns on Access to Health Care&nbsp;
Authors: Malagón Michelle , Rizwan Laiba , Richter Solina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent years, there has been a noted increase in migration rates with trends marking a rise in women seeking relocation as means to access employment or academic opportunities; this growth is referred to as the feminization of migration. Migration stimulates female empowerment, increases access to financial opportunities, and promotes cultural diversity; all while simultaneously exposing women to detrimental conditions that impose risks to their physical and psychological well-being. Health is a fundamental human right that female migrants often get deprived of due to various social, cultural, political and economic factors in the destination region. These factors catalyze inhabitable environments in which migrant women are further exposed to harm, stimulating their status as vulnerable populations. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis to explore how the social determinants of health, specifically socioeconomic status, culture, and education impact health outcomes and health care access of Ghanaian women who migrated internally within Ghana or externally to Canada. Fourteen interview transcripts, seven from each primary study dataset, were analyzed using thematic analysis and an intersectionality approach. Ethical approval was received for the primary studies and our secondary analysis via the Ethics Review Board at the University of Alberta, Canada. Results: Ghanaian female migrants experienced varying obstacles in terms of accessing health care services. The barriers were identified as cultural, financial, social, and lack of health insurance. Ghanaian women’s health outcomes were influenced by the conditions surrounding their migration including working conditions, separation from family, altered social support systems, and financial constraints. Conclusion: Areas requiring further research and development were identified by assessing migrants’ social determinants of health in the destination country and the associated-barriers in accessing health services. We hope our findings will serve as a foundation for improving health outcomes for female migrant populations and support health care professionals' practice of cultural competence.
Analysis of the Impact of Three Phthalates on the Freshwater Gastropod Physella Acuta at the Transcriptional Level
Authors: Prieto-Amador Marina , Caballero Patricia , Martinez-Guitarte Jose-Luis 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Plastic pollution is one of the leading environmental problems. Phthalates are widely used plastic additives released into the environment. Although the phthalates' effects have been extensively studied on vertebrates, there is a gap in knowledge on their effects on invertebrates. This work analyzes the impact of three phthalates, diethyl phthalate (DEP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), and bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), on the gastropod Physella acuta at the molecular level to establish the putative pathways involved in its response to them. By real-time PCR, we obtained the expression profile of thirty genes in one-week exposed animals at 0.1, 10, and 1000 µg/L. The genes cover the DNA repairing mechanism, detoxification mechanisms, apoptosis, oxidative and stress responses, immunity, energy reserves, and lipid transport. The results show that while DEP and DEHP did not cause alteration of the mRNA levels, BBP modulates almost all the genes tested. It can be concluded that the impact of BBP is extensive at the molecular level. However, it cannot be dismissed that the increase in transcriptional activity is a general response due to this compound’s well-known role as an endocrine disruptor. Additional research is needed to elucidate the differences observed in the impact of these compounds on this gastropod.
Comparative Observation on the Effect of Vancomycin-Loaded Calcium Sulfate on Promoting the Natural Healing of the Docking site of Bone Transport
Authors: Guo Xuede , Cui Guanjun , Wang Cishan , Meng Hongya , Huang Shujie , Zha Zhuqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Observe the efficacy of vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate（VCS）in promoting the natural healing of bone transport's docking site.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 48 patients who used bone transfer to treat the tibia's infectious bone defects from 2013 to 2018. The patients were randomly divided into an experimental group receiving VCS treatment or a control group not receiving VCS treatment. After treatment, the two groups of docking site healing time, skin incarceration rate, natural healing rate, external fixation index, bony results, and functional results were compared.Results: The experimental group achieved bone healing in the docking site union for an average of (15.30±6.32) months after the operation. Among them, 25 cases healed spontaneously, two patients healed after bone cleaning and grafting; the average external fixation index was (2.10 ± 0.28) months/cm; Bone results: excellent in 19 cases, right in 7 patients, low in 1 case, functional derivatives: excellent in 16 points, good in 9 cases, and fair in 2 cases. The control group achieved bone healing at the docking site for an average of (15.29±5.36) months after the operation. Among them, 11 cases healed spontaneously at the docking site, and 10 cases of non-natural healing (6 points of skin incarceration) healed after cleaning and bone grafting; the average external fixation index was (2.09±0.25) months/cm; Bone results: excellent in 15 cases, right in 5 patients, fair in 1 case, functional products: excellent in 12 points, good in 8 cases, and fitting in 1 case. There was no significant difference in the healing time, bony results, functional results, and external fixation index between the two groups at the docking site (P>0.05). The experimental group's skin incarceration rate was lower than that of the control group, and the natural healing rate was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: In bone removal surgery, the implantation of VCS in the infected bone defect area helps prevent the docking site skin incarceration and promotes the docking site's natural healing.
Investigating the Utility of COVID-19 Antibody Testing in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Receiving Haemodialysis: A Cohort Study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wickens Olivia , Chinnadurai Rajkumar , Mannan Fahmida , Svendsen Frida , Baig Mirza Y , Chukwu Chukwuma , Ali Ibrahim , Summersgill Christina , Evans Dawn , Antoine Berckley V , Oxton Julie , Mairs Nathan , Flanagan Emma , Oliver Robert , Kalra Philip A , Poulikakos Dimitrios 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEnd-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving haemodialysis (HD) are a vulnerable group of patients with increased mortality from COVID-19. Despite improved understanding, the duration of host immunity following COVID-19 infection and role of serological testing alone or in addition to real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing in the HD population is not fully understood, which this study aimed to investigate. MethodsThere were two parts to this study. Between 15th March 2020 to 15th July 2020, patients receiving HD who tested positive on rRT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 were recruited into the COVID-19 arm, whilst PCR-negative patients were recruited to the epidemiological arm of the Salford Kidney Study (SKS). All patients underwent monthly testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as per routine clinical practice since August 2020. The aims were twofold: firstly, to determine seroprevalence and COVID-19 exposure in the epidemiological arm; secondly, to assess duration of the antibody response in the COVID-19 arm. Baseline characteristics were reviewed between groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Mann-Whitney U and Chi-squared tests were used for testing significance of difference between groups. ResultsIn our total HD population of 411 patients, 32 were PCR-positive for COVID-19. Of the remaining PCR-negative patients, 237 were recruited into the SKS study, of whom 12 (5.1%) had detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Of the 32 PCR-positive patients, 27 (84.4%) were symptomatic, with 19 patients admitted to hospital due to their symptoms. A separate six patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 whilst as inpatient. Of the 22 patients in COVID-19 arm that underwent testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies beyond seven months, all had detectable antibodies.A higher proportion of the PCR-positive patients were frail compared to PCR-negative patients (64.3% vs 34.1%, p=0.003). Other characteristics were similar between the groups. Over a median follow up of six months, a higher number of deaths were recorded in the PCR-positive group compared to the PCR-negative group (18.8% vs 3.8%, p<0.001).ConclusionsSerological testing in the HD population is a valuable tool to determine seroprevalence, monitor exposure, and guide improvements for infection prevention and control (IPC) measures to help prevent local outbreaks. This study revealed HD patients mount a humoral response detectable until at least seven months after COVID-19 infection and provides hope of similar protection with the vaccines recently approved.
3-D Health Trajectories and Related Childhood Predictors Among Older Adults in China
Authors: Pan Chaoping , Wang Cen , Shrestha Bhawana , Wang Peigang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the multi-trajectories of 3-D health of older adults in China and to explore whether the childhood predictors are associated with 3-D health trajectory. Methods: Data came from five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011 to 2018). A multi-trajectory modeling approach was carried out to jointly estimate the trajectories of 3-D health. A multinomial regression model was used to investigate the relationship between childhood predictors and the joint trajectories. Results: We identified three typical joint 3-D health trajectories. Female, childhood health, maternal and paternal educations, childhood friendships, family and neighborhood predictors could all affect disability trajectories of older adults directly or indirectly through adults variables. Discussion: The 3-D health trajectories showed increasing trends, thus the government should perform more interventions toward the childhood predictors for better health of older adults.
Perceived Stress and Smartphone Addiction in Medical College Students: The Mediating Role of Negative Emotions and the Moderating Role of Psychological Capital
Authors: Yang Xiuxian , Mehmood Anam , Li Ping , Yang Zhaonan , Niu Jinbao , Chu Haiyun , Wang Wenbo , Qiao Zhengxue , Qiu Xiaohui , Zhou Jiawei , Yang Yan Jie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Many studies have confirmed the existence of an extremely close relationship between smartphone addiction and perceived stress. However, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying the association between perceived stress and smartphone addiction in medical college students remain largely unexplored.Methods: A questionnaire was distributed among a total of 769 medical college students in Heilongjiang Province, China. Participants completed measures of perceived stress, smartphone addiction, negative emotions and psychological capital. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test correlations between variables. The analysis of moderated mediation model was performed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro. Results: Pearson correlation analysis indicated perceived stress (r = 0.18, p < 0.01) and negative emotions (r = 0.31, p < 0.01) were positively correlated with smartphone addiction, and psychological capital was negatively correlated with smartphone addiction (r = − 0.29, p < 0.01). The moderated mediation analysis indicated that negative emotions partially mediated the association between perceived stress and smartphone addiction (mediation effect accounted for 33.3%, SE = 0.10, 95% CI = [0.10, 0.24]), and the first stage of the mediation process was significantly moderated by psychological capital (moderated mediation = − 0.01, SE = 0.01, 95%CI = [− 0.01, − 0.00]).Conclusions: Negative emotions plays a mediating role between perceived stress and smartphone addiction, and psychological capital plays an important moderating role in the first stage of the mediation process.
Association Between Early Ventricular Arrhythmias and Mortality in Destination Vs. Bridge Patients on Continuous Flow LVAD Support
Authors: Jedeon Zeina , Cogswell Rebecca , Schultz Jessica , Wald Lisa Von , John Ranjit , Roukoz Henri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The association between ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and mortality in patients supported by continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) remains controversial. Objective: To evaluate the association between pre-implantation, early (≤30 day) post-implantation VAs and mortality in bridge to transplant (BTT) and destination therapy (DT) LVAD patients, separately. The risk factors for post LVAD VAs were also investigated.Methods: In this observational cohort study, we included 341 patients who received a first time, continuous flow LVAD between January 1st 2010 and July 30th 2018. We used Kaplan Meier curves and multivariable cox regression analyses to study the association between VAs and mortality in the BTT and DT populations.Results: The mean age of the cohort was 58 ± 14 years, with 82% males, 53% had ischemic cardiomyopathy, and 45% were DT. The mean follow-up was 2.2 ± 2.1 years. In both BTT and DT cohorts, pre LVAD VAs were not associated with mortality after LVAD implantation (log-rank p=0.95 and p=0.089, respectively). In the BTT population, early post-LVAD VAs were not statistically associated with increased mortality (log rank p=0.072). In the DT patients, early post LVAD VAs were associated with a 67 % increase in the hazards rate of mortality on LVAD support (HR 1.67 [1.05-2.65], p=0.029). The final model was adjusted for type of cardiomyopathy, INTERMACS profile, glomerular filtration rate, post LVAD atrial fibrillation, age and cerebrovascular events.Conclusion: Early post-LVAD VA is common after LVAD implantation and is an independent predictor of mortality in the DT LVAD population.
Changes in Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Very Low Birth Weight Infants for Predicting Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Oh Seong Hee , Do Hyun-Jeong , Park Ji Sook , Cho Jae Young , Park Chan-Hoo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is unknown whether RDW can be used to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases in children, especially newborns. This study aimed to investigate the RDW values of preterm infants born at < 30 weeks’ gestation with a birth weight < 1500 g and evaluate whether the RDW values in the early days of life can predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development. The mean RDW values on day 1 (D1), day 7 (D7), and day 28 (D28) after birth were 16.2 ± 1.4%, 17.5 ± 2.4%, and 17.6 ± 1.7%, respectively. The RDW at birth was lower in the infants born at < 28 weeks’ gestational age than in those born at ≥ 28 weeks’ gestational age (15.7 ± 0.8 vs 16.4 ± 1.5, P = 0.003). The RDW values of both groups increased during the first week after birth and did not differ significantly. The levels remained similar levels at 1 month of life. The RDW values examined at D1, D7, D28 and the changes of RDW from D1 to D7 were not correlated with the development of BPD independent of severity. The usefulness of RDW as a predictor of BPD development remains questionable and requires further study.
Temperature Gradient Daily Dynamics Area&nbsp;and Time Zoning for Local Analysis of Air-Water Interaction
Authors: Medellu Christophil S. , Komansilan Alfrits 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article describes the results of the application of time zoning for air-water thermal interaction, and the temperature gradient daily dynamics area (TGDDA) parameters at six locations with different ecological conditions. The research locations consisted of two locations in lakes, two locations in coastal waters which were affected by fresh water and two locations in coastal waters which were not affected by fresh water. Measurement of air and water temperature was carried out in situ at several vertical positions with logarithmic distances to the water surface. The results of the analysis show that the analysis and modeling of the TGDDA parameters produce the time zoning of thermal interaction and TGDDA that vary between research locations. Repeated measurements on two consecutive days at the same location, resulted in almost the same TGDDA and time zoning duration of air-water thermal interaction. These results suggest that these parameters can be used to characterize air-water interactions. The results of this study serve as references to the chemical analysis of water and biota which is interactive or influenced by the dynamics of air-water thermal interactions.