bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Turning point the concept of rural development in Indonesia from top-down to bottom-up strategy
Authors: Pranadji T , Wahida  , Anugrah I S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Asian financial crisis of 1997 followed by political turmoil in 1998 has not given a significant change to agriculture and rural development in Indonesia. Throughout history, Indonesia has implemented the development of the agriculture sector under a top-down strategy. The success of this approach is marked by the achievement of rice self-sufficiency in 1984. Moreover, since the mid 1990s, Indonesia has embarked on various economic reforms that led to globalization. The Indonesian economy has become more integrated into the global economy and world market. Unfortunately, these changes were not translated properly to rural areas as there were no transition time for rural communities to adjust their economic condition to these changes. The multiplier effect that was expected as a consequence of globalization within rural economic systems was faced with difficulties such as paternalistic structure led by the elites. As a result, rural areas experienced with income gap, weak agriculture development, corruption, social problems and poverty. Meta-analysis approach is used to examine the approach that has been used in implementing program and projects. Findings from the articles showed that there is a need to do the re-orientation to the approach and increased the independency at the farmer level. The idea to develop national agriculture and rural development strategies that is based on a bottom-up approach, followed by an agrarian reform, as well as the formation of social capital and redefinition of local autonomy are the recommendation that high level decision maker could consider.
Avocado fruit supply chain management in West Java
Authors: Ar-Rozi A M , Saptana  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Avocado is one of the leading fruit commodities with high competitiveness and a source of growth for farmers’ welfare in rural areas in Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze the performance of avocado supply chain management in the Garut and Bandung Districts. The analysis focused on five components of supply chain management: planning source of avocado, procurement, processing, distribution, and receiving of products. Data collection is conducted through survey methods and focus group discussion (FGD) with actors on each supply chain node according to purpose and market segment. The results showed that the lack of variety, quantity, and continuity of supply is consistent with the dynamic of market demand and domestic and global consumer preferences. The performance of supply chain implementation for avocado at the planning level was at 45%–90%, product distribution performance was at a moderate level at 25%–80%, delivery of goods was at a good level at 70%–83%, and receiving product performance was at 0%–100%. Strategies to restrain the entry of imported fruit and penetrate the avocado fruit export market are required to improve product competitiveness, quality management, and integrated product chain management.
Labor allocation dynamics, problem, and strategy for plantation development in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni S , Susilowati S H , Yofa R D , Azahari D H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Women have important role in farming activities they have and running their household. This paper aims to analyze gender-based working time allocation in farming plantation to support the fifth SDGs “gender equality”. The data source was from a micro panel data survey of the National Farmers Panel (PATANAS) done by the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Socio Economic and Policy Studies, Ministry of Agriculture, in 2009 and 2018. The qualitative research was adopted, data analyzed descriptively by comparing results in 2009 and 2018. The results showed that the time allocation for female workers outside the family per hectare in 2018 increased compared to 2009 for sugarcane, rubber, and cacao commodities. The allocation of labor time in women’s families also increased in sugarcane (+ 37%) and rubber (+ 33%) but decreased for cacao (-55%) and oil palm (-42%) because were replaced by labor from outside the family. The allocation of time for labor within the family and outside the family in both 2009 and 2018 was dominated by male workers. Male and female laborer have certain activity in plantation farming and in general wages of male laborers are higher than those of women. In 2009 the labor wage difference was IDR 5,163 and getting higher in 2018 ranging from IDR 6,048 (cacao) to IDR 9,302 (sugarcane). Suggested that to increase the participation of women in plantation farming, special improvement should be addressed to women’s capacities in technical, managerial, wages system and problems of women’s working on plantations which showed increasing labor.
Analyzing global competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil
Authors: Wibowo R P , Sumono  , Khaliqi M , Maryunianta Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is the largest producer and exporter of palm oil in the world vegetable oil market. However, Indonesia export share had decreasing trend and there is an emerging competition from South America and African palm oil producer. Another issue is a non-competitive strategy from European countries for limiting palm oil import. This study aims to seek the pricing behavior of Indonesian exporter in the world palm oil market. This study shows Indonesian exporter apply Local Currency Price Stabilization Strategy to European countries but more competitive behavior to other importing countries. The LCPS strategy to European countries might be induced by more elastic palm oil demand on that region. The opposite with India and China that might have less elastic palm oil demand schedule. However, Indonesian exporter should have more awareness of future competition in the palm oil market and its pricing strategy, especially to emerging demand from India and China.
Agricultural value chain financing: a case study in Ciamis District, West Java Province
Authors: Pasaribu S M , Sayaka B , de Braw A , Suhartini S H , Dabukke F B M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Smallholding farmers frequently deal with shortage of working capital to cover farm costs. Given the applied terms and conditions, a lot of farmers unable to access the current People’s Business Credit (KUR), while a holistic value chain financial support is required to achieve sustainable food production. Limited capacity of formal rural-based financial institutions encourages the local money lenders to take opportunity of financially support the farmers. In response to this issue, a case study was conducted in Ciamis District, West Java Province. Primary data was collected using an interview technique. Data were organized, processed, an interpreted using a descriptive type of analysis. The study revealed that the rice farmers need an inclusive credit support from pre-planting to post-harvest and marketing of their products. Farmers require working capital to continue their farm activities and to support value chain financing of the agribusiness. Although the existing local micro financial institutions showed good performance, however they lacked fund and access to formal financial institutions such as banks or CSR soft loans. Government is suggested to strengthen the existing local micro financial institutions by linking them to sources of funds and to support business to business relations for better service to smallholding farmers. Inclusive value chain financing implies that farmers, micro financial institutions, and local governments are strongly integrated to achieve better farm performance. Ministry of Agriculture has a strategic role to take initiative to strengthening an inclusive agricultural value chain financing on the existing local micro financial institutions.
Household shocks and coping mechanisms in Camiguin Province, Philippines
Authors: Lloren R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Island’s vulnerability is anchored towards stewardship to accommodate environmental conservation and economic activity. Vulnerability poses risk and uncertainty of island households. Household as an important entity plays a role for island development. This study aimed to identify the profile of rural households, evaluate the shocks as well as coping mechanisms employed by the rural households. Stratified random sampling was undertaken to identify the 377 randomly selected samples from the municipalities of Catarman and Sagay in the province of Camiguin, Philippines. The survey was conducted from February to March 2019. Household’s data collected includes age of the respondent, sex of the respondent, household size, household income in range, educational attainment of respondent, farm size, and tenurial status. Respondents were asked to rank the shocks and risks encountered as well as the coping mechanisms. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results revealed that post-harvest losses played a significant role in agricultural shocks while could not buy food due to food price increase as economic shocks. Selling of livestock, land and other assets got the highest rank for mechanisms to cope up with shocks. Improved storage facilities and efficient transport system can be taken into consideration to improve the quality of agricultural products to be marketed inside and outside the island to minimize post-harvest losses.
Efficient agri food supply chain in a sustainable transportation perspective
Authors: Kresnanto N C , Putri W H , Lantarsih R , Harjiyatni F R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Transportation is an essential part of the supply chain. Transportation in a supply chain is the movement of a product from origin to destination, especially the warehouse’s movement from the warehouse to the end-user. At present, the success of managing a supply chain is measured by its low cost and its environmental and social impact, which is what is called a sustainable supply chain. Because transportation is the most crucial part of supporting the supply chain to achieve a sustainable supply chain, transportation must also have a sustainability orientation. The sustainability context includes three central pillars (often referred to as the three Es): social equity, economic efficiency, and environmental responsibility. Based on this background, this paper will discuss transportation sustainability in support of a sustainable supply chain, especially in agri-food products. The study results show that implementing multi-mode concepts can improve the sustainability of the supply chain.
Food waste handling perception in Indonesia: communicating the sustainability of Food and environment
Authors: Susilo Daniel , de Leon Myra V. , Dwi Putranto Teguh , Kurnia Hartati Fadjar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Every week, Indonesia discards approximately 10 million pieces of bread, cakes, and cookies, equating to 292,000 tons of CO2 emissions similar to Indonesia’s annual CO2 emissions. Due to a lack of resources and infrastructure, most impoverished countries rely on antiquated technologies such as anaerobic digestion (AD) to handle food waste. Bakery trash is a biologically formed organic waste that poses a serious threat to public health and the environment, including natural ecosystem contamination. The goal of this study is to find out how much effort Indonesians put into garbage management. How do they spread the word about leftovers through the media? How do they know about waste, particularly bread waste? As well as community-wide corrective steps to protect the environment from domestic food waste management. This study employs a quantitative approach. In order to send 100 questionnaires to persons in Indonesia, purposive sampling was used. Surveys are carried out using Google forms, which require a valid Google email address in order to ensure that each person only takes the survey once. The study’s conclusion is that food waste management efforts among Indonesians are hampered by the public’s lack of understanding of food waste management and disposal information in the media. The research sample understands the process of recycling food into pet food when it becomes garbage, according to their perceptions about the end process of food. In terms of food waste awareness, the majority of the participants in this study were aware that food waste is disposed of in landfills rather than being recycled.
Enhancing adhesion and anti-corrosion performance of hot-dip galvanized steels by sandblasting/phosphating co-treatment
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , Kong Gang , Wang Wenjun , Zhang Shuanghong , Che Chunshan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The substations outdoor steel structures employed in aggressive marine environments can accelerate corrosion damage and cause incredible degradation of performance. Hot-dip galvanizing and organic coating dual-coated anticorrosion system is currently the most effective and efficient protection strategy. In present paper, sandblasting and phosphating technique were applied to the surface of zinc plating, the effect of various grit-blasting and phosphating technology conditions on the adhesion performance and corrosion resistance of duplex-coated system were systematically investigated. Results revealed that the bonding strength of the duplex coating after grit-blasting and phosphating pretreatment was 3.25 and 2.71 times higher than that of the untreated, respectively. In particular, sandblasting and phosphating coprocessing of duplex coating could furtherly improve the adhesion behavior and corrosion resistance, which mainly due to their synergistic effect. Sandblasting can rough the surface of galvanized coating and generate many pits and scratches. Thus, phosphating can form more needle-like zinc phosphate crystals in those positions, anchoring and pinning firmly the interface between galvanized coating and organic coating. Meanwhile, the phosphating film still acted as an anti-corrosion physical barrier to hinder the intrusion of corrosive medium and protect galvanized steels from storage rust before painting for a long time.
Influence of multiple load indentation on the mechanical and material behaviour of steel cone-cylinder under axial compression
Authors: Ifayefunmi O , Malingam Sivakumar Dhar , Sazali A H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The first set of test data on axial collapse of cone-cylinder assembly having multiple load indentation (MLI) and its accompanying numerical studies is presented in this paper. Two perfect and two imperfect steel cone-cylinders were prepared in pairs. The cone-cylinder models have the following geometric parameters: cone radius of 40 mm, cylinder radius of 70 mm,wall thickness of 0.5 mm and cone angle of 16.7°. Cone and cylinder part were combined using Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding technique. Results show that the repeatability of the experiment was good (3% for the perfect and 7% for the imperfect). Also, numerical prediction tends to reproduce the test data with good accuracy. The error between both approches ranges from 1% to −8%. Furthermore, the influence of geometric parameters are also significant in determining the collapse load of this type of structure. Finally, the worst multiple load indentation (WMLI) was explored for steel cone-cylinders assembly using different number of load indentations. Results indicate that as the number of indents increases, the sensitivity of the cone-cylinder models to imperfection also increases. However, at different imperfection amplitude, A, two regions were observed; (i) the region where cone-cylinder with N = 8 is more sensitive (A < 1.5), and (ii) the region where N = 4 produce the worst imperfection (1.5 < A ≤ 1.68).
Uncertainty quantification and prediction for mechanical properties of graphene aerogels via Gaussian process metamodels
Authors: Zheng Bowen , Zheng Zeyu , Gu Grace X 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Graphene aerogels (GAs), a special class of 3D graphene assemblies, are well known for their exceptional combination of high strength, lightweightness, and high porosity. However, due to microstructural randomness, the mechanical properties of GAs are also highly stochastic, an issue that has been observed but insufficiently addressed. In this work, we develop Gaussian process metamodels to not only predict important mechanical properties of GAs but also quantify their uncertainties. Using the molecular dynamics simulation technique, GAs are assembled from randomly distributed graphene flakes and spherical inclusions, and are subsequently subject to a quasi-static uniaxial tensile load to deduce mechanical properties. Results show that given the same density, mechanical properties such as the Young’s modulus and the ultimate tensile strength can vary substantially. Treating density, Young’s modulus, and ultimate tensile strength as functions of the inclusion size, and using the simulated GA results as training data, we build Gaussian process metamodels that can efficiently predict the properties of unseen GAs. In addition, statistically valid confidence intervals centered around the predictions are established. This metamodel approach is particularly beneficial when the data acquisition requires expensive experiments or computation, which is the case for GA simulations. The present research quantifies the uncertain mechanical properties of GAs, which may shed light on the statistical analysis of novel nanomaterials of a broad variety.
Flow behind the magnetogasdynamical cylindrical shock wave in rotating non-ideal dusty gas with monochromatic radiation
Authors: Sahu P K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The proliferation of the cylindrical shock in non-ideal rotating gases accompanying the mixture of crystalline solids with monochromatic radiation as well as magnetic (azimuthal/axial) field is examined. The fluid velocity of ambient media is considered to contain radial, axial, and azimuthal heads. Similarity solutions are achieved. The distribution of flow variables in the medium just behind the shock for the cases of power-law shock paths are analyzed. This is worthy to note, the pressure and density at piston disintegrate in occupancy of an azimuthal magnetic field, therefore suction structures at the axis of symmetry, which is identically in accord with controlled circumstances for trying to produce shock waves.
NetSolP: predicting protein solubility in Escherichia coli using language models
Authors: Thumuluri Vineet , Martiny Hannah-Marie , Almagro Armenteros Jose J , Salomon Jesper , Nielsen Henrik , Johansen Alexander Rosenberg 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Solubility and expression levels of proteins can be a limiting factor for large-scale studies and industrial production. By determining the solubility and expression directly from the protein sequence, the success rate of wet-lab experiments can be increased.

Results
In this study, we focus on predicting the solubility and usability for purification of proteins expressed in Escherichia coli directly from the sequence. Our model NetSolP is based on deep learning protein language models called transformers and we show that it achieves state-of-the-art performance and improves extrapolation across datasets. As we find current methods are built on biased datasets, we curate existing datasets by using strict sequence-identity partitioning and ensure that there is minimal bias in the sequences.

Availability and implementation
The predictor and data are available at https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/service.php?NetSolP and the open-sourced code is available at https://github.com/tvinet/NetSolP-1.0.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
GPA-Tree: statistical approach for functional-annotation-tree-guided prioritization of GWAS results
Authors: Khatiwada Aastha , Wolf Bethany J , Yilmaz Ayse Selen , Ramos Paula S , Pietrzak Maciej , Lawson Andrew , Hunt Kelly J , Kim Hang J , Chung Dongjun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMotivationIn spite of great success of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), multiple challenges still remain. First, complex traits are often associated with many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), each with small or moderate effect sizes. Second, our understanding of the functional mechanisms through which genetic variants are associated with complex traits is still limited. To address these challenges, we propose GPA-Tree and it simultaneously implements association mapping and identifies key combinations of functional annotations related to risk-associated SNPs by combining a decision tree algorithm with a hierarchical modeling framework.ResultsFirst, we implemented simulation studies to evaluate the proposed GPA-Tree method and compared its performance with existing statistical approaches. The results indicate that GPA-Tree outperforms existing statistical approaches in detecting risk-associated SNPs and identifying the true combinations of functional annotations with high accuracy. Second, we applied GPA-Tree to a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) GWAS and functional annotation data including GenoSkyline and GenoSkylinePlus. The results from GPA-Tree highlight the dysregulation of blood immune cells, including but not limited to primary B, memory helper T, regulatory T, neutrophils and CD8+ memory T cells in SLE. These results demonstrate that GPA-Tree can be a powerful tool that improves association mapping while facilitating understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of complex traits and potential mechanisms linking risk-associated SNPs with complex traits.Availability and implementationThe GPATree software is available at https://dongjunchung.github.io/GPATree/.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Associations between MRI-assessed locus coeruleus integrity and cortical gray matter microstructure
Authors: Elman Jeremy A , Puckett Olivia K , Hagler Donald J , Pearce Rahul C , Fennema-Notestine Christine , Hatton Sean N , Lyons Michael J , McEvoy Linda K , Panizzon Matthew S , Reas Emilie T , Dale Anders M , Franz Carol E , Kremen William S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) is one of the earliest sites of tau pathology, making it a key structure in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. As the primary source of norepinephrine for the brain, reduced LC integrity may have negative consequences for brain health, yet macrostructural brain measures (e.g. cortical thickness) may not be sensitive to early stages of neurodegeneration. We therefore examined whether LC integrity was associated with differences in cortical gray matter microstructure among 435 men (mean age = 67.5; range = 62–71.7). LC structural integrity was indexed by contrast-to-noise ratio (LCCNR) from a neuromelanin-sensitive MRI scan. Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI), an advanced multi-shell diffusion technique, was used to characterize cortical microstructure, modeling total diffusion in restricted, hindered, and free water compartments. Higher LCCNR (greater integrity) was associated with higher hindered and lower free water diffusion in multiple cortical regions. In contrast, no associations between LCCNR and cortical thickness survived correction. Results suggest lower LC integrity is associated with patterns of cortical microstructure that may reflect a reduction in cytoarchitectural barriers due to broader neurodegenerative processes. These findings highlight the potential utility for LC imaging and advanced diffusion measures of cortical microstructure in assessing brain health and early identification of neurodegenerative processes.