bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of High-throughput Screening HTRF Assay for Identification Small Molecule Inhibitors of Skp2-Cks1
Authors: Hu Kaizhao , Li Xiao-Jing , Asmamaw Moges Dessale , Shi Xiao-Jing , Liu Hong-Min 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2), a member of the F-box family that constitute the largest known class of ubiquitin E3 specificity components, is responsible for recognizing and recruiting cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 for its ubiquitination in the presence of the small accessory protein cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit 1(Cks1). Skp2 is overexpressed in esophageal carcinoma tissues and closely related with tumor poor prognosis, and perturbation of the Skp2-Cks1 interaction by inhibitors or RNAi could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. Therefore, inhibition of Skp2 function by small-molecule compounds targeting Skp2-Cks1 interaction is emerging as a promising and novel anti-cancer strategy. In this study, we establish an improved high-throughput screening platform to screen Skp2 inhibitors targeting Skp2-Cks1interaction, which may provide a new therapeutic approach for the clinic.
Adipose Collagen Fragment: an Injectable Sustained-release Collagen Scaffold of Adipokines for Preventing Skin Photoaging in Mice
Authors: Jin Xiaoxuan , Zhang Yuchen , Zhang Xiangdong , Li Yibao , Xu Mimi , Liu Kaiyang , Ru Jiangjiang , Ma Chijuan , Yao Yao , He Yunfan , Gao Jianhua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation is the major contributor to skin photoaging, associated with increased collagen degradation and reactive oxygen species expression. Adipokines have been proven as promising therapeutic agents for skin photoaging. However, adipokine therapy is generally limited by the short in vivo release duration and biological instability. Therefore, developing a treatment that provides a sustained release of adipokines and enhanced therapeutic effects is desirable. Methods: Adipose collagen fragment (ACF) was prepared from lipoaspirate and characterized. The injectability, collagen components, and adipokine release pattern of ACF were identified in vitro. Then, we evaluated its therapeutic efficacy by injecting ACF and phosphate-buffered saline, as a control, into the dermis of photoaging nude mice and harvesting skin samples at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after treatment for assessment. The collagen synthesis and collagen degradation in ACF implants were evaluated by immune staining. Dermal thickness, fibroblast expression, collagen synthesis, reactive oxygen species level, antioxidase expression, capillary density, and apoptotic cell number were evaluated by histological assessment, immune staining, and polymerase chain reaction in the skin samples.Results: ACF is the concentrated adipose extracellular matrix collagen fragment without viable cells and can be injected through fine needles. ACF undergoes collagen degradation and promotes neocollagen synthesis in ACF implants. Meanwhile, ACF serves as a sustained-release system of adipokines and exhibits a significantly higher therapeutic effect on mouse skin photoaging compared to controls. ACF increases the dermal thickness, improves fibroblast expression and promotes collagen synthesis. ACF treatment of UVA-irradiated skin reduces reactive oxygen species expression, decreases the number of apoptotic cells, improves capillary density and promotes the expression of antioxidase superoxide dismutase-1, catalase and glutathione peroxidase-1 by sustainedly releasing adipokines.Conclusions: ACF is an adipokines-enriched, sustained-release extracellular matrix collagen scaffold that can prevent UVA-induced skin photoaging in mice. ACF may serve as a novel autologous skin filler for skin rejuvenation applications in the clinic.
Effect of Lactobacillus Plantarum on the Growth and Development and Gut Microbial Diversity of Spodoptera Litura
Authors: Ma Zijie , Wang Xiao-Fan , Li Ming-Wei , Nie Li-Ping , Zhang Wan-Ting , Liao Meide 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe main challenge for agricultural research is the determination of the best method for efficient and economical management of insects. Research on the possibility of regulating insect development by targeting the intestinal microbial community is in its early stages; however, the use of microorganisms to control the composition of the host's intestinal microbes and to affect its physiological functions has garnered considerable attention. ResultsThis study evaluated the effects of probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum) isolated from the intestine of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) on the growth and development of the host and the diversity of its intestinal microbes. The results of the study showed that the larvae of S. litura fed with artificial diets with different feed units could proceed towards the development of generations normally. Compared with the control responses, after ingesting L. plantarum, larval gut sucrase and other digestive enzyme activities increased, growth and development accelerated, fecundity generally increased, and there was a significant change in the female-male ratio. Additionally, differences in microbial abundance and diversity were found in the gut of S. litura larvae fed with diets supplemented with L. plantarum and without L. plantarum. Conclusions﻿These findings indicate that supplementation of feed with L. plantarum can effectively affect the growth and development of the host and the composition of the intestinal flora, thereby providing useful applications in research regarding pest management.
Conversion Reduces the Success of Laparoscopic Approach for Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction. A Propensity-Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Sebastian-Valverde Enric , Téllez Clara , Burdío Fernando , Poves Ignasi , Grande Luís 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background. Although the use of the laparoscopic approach has increased in recent years, the open approach remains the most widely used for surgical treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO). Moreover, there is no consensus in international guidelines on the role and the usefulness of the laparoscopic approach in ASBO. The aims of this study were to determine the role of the laparoscopic approach in ASBO and to define in which situations it can be beneficial.Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients who had undergone surgery for ASBO between January 2007 and December 2019. Pre-, intra- and post-operative variables were analysed. Bivariate, logistic regression and a propensity-score matching analyses were performed to compare the laparoscopic and open approach.Results. A total of 333 patients who underwent ASBO surgery were analysed: 224 patients by conventional approach and 109 initially by laparoscopic approach. In the overall analysis, morbidity and mortality were significantly higher in the open group, while the initiation of oral intake and hospital stay were significantly lower in the laparoscopic group. The conversion rate was 36.7%. After propensity-score matching analyses, only the surgeon's laparoscopic skills achieved statistically significant differences between groups in the intention-to treat analysis, but the need for intestinal resection, surgical time, onset of oral intake, hospital stay and morbidity were significantly lower in whom surgery could be completed laparoscopically.Conclusion. The laparoscopic approach is feasible and safe in ASBO, but its advantages are limited to those patients who do not require conversion to open surgery. Both patient selection and the surgeon's expertise in advanced laparoscopic surgery are essential.
Resveratrol Supplementation Prevents Retinal Tissue Damage by Increasing Antioxidant Activity Through SIRT1 Gene Expression in Diabetic Elderly Female Rats.
Authors: Atacak Adem , Baltaci Saltuk Bugra , Gulbahce-Mutlu Elif , Unal Omer , Mogulkoc Rasim , Baltaci Abdulkerim Kasim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate how resveratrol administration affects retinal SIRT-1 levels and retinal tissue damage in diabetic elderly female rats.A total of 24 elder female rats were divided equally into 4 groups: 1, Control; 2, Control + Resveratrol; 3, Diabetes; 4, Diabetes + Resveratrol. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) in Group 3 and 4. The group 2 and 4 given intraperitoneal (ip) RSV (5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks in addition to the normal diet. After 4-weeks resveratrol treatment, SIRT1 gene expression and MDA ve GSH levels were determined by PCR and ELISA, respectively, in retinal tissue samples of the animals.The highest retinal MDA values were in the diabetes group (G3), the highest retinal GSH levels were in the Diabetes + Resveratrol group (G4). The retinal MDA and GSH levels of the other groups were not different from each other. The highest retinal SIRT1 expression values were in the Diabetes + resveratrol (G4) group. The retinal SIRT1 expression values of the diabetes group (G3) were lower than group 4, and higher than the groups 1 and 2. Retinal SIRT1 expression values of the groups 1 and 2 were not different from each other.Resveratrol supplementation prevented retinal tissue damage that occurs in diabetic aged female rats. This antidiabetic effect of resveratrol supplementation occurs by increasing both antioxidant activity and SIRT1 expression in diabetic aged rats.
Identification of the Novel HLA-A*11:335 Allele, a Rare Interlocus Recombination Involving HLA-A*11:01:01:01 and HLA-H*02:07/14/18 Alleles With Nanopore Sequencing, in a Volunteer From the China Marrow Donor Program
Authors: Zhang Li-Qun , Rozemuller Erik , Wang Dan , Liu Xiang-Jun , Cai Jian-Ping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The major histocompatibility complex in humans includes three classical class I loci (A, B and C), which are important biomarkers for transplant of organs and hematopoietic stem cells. In the MHC, polymorphism is known to be extremely high while interlocus recombination is rare. We report a rare interlocus recombination between HLA-A and HLA-H, which was analyzed using next generation sequencing and nanopore sequencing. Results: In the sample, the genotypes of HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 were firstly phased with methods of sequence-specific primer, sequence-specific oligonucleotide, Sanger’s sequencing and NGS; however, HLA-A could not be phased. Nanopore sequencing was finally utilized to distinguish the sequence of the novel allele. Finally, the novel HLA-A*11:335 allele was identified as an interlocus recombination involving HLA-A*11:01:01:01 and HLA-H*02:07/14/18 alleles; this was mainly achieved by nanopore sequencing. Conclusions: The identification of the interlocus recombination indicated that nanopore sequencing may be the most precise method for HLA typing. Interlocus recombination has been identified as one of the mechanisms involved in the generation of novel HLA alleles.
Ad5-spike COVID-19 vaccine does not aggravate heart damage after ischemic injury
Authors: Gu Shanshan , Chen Zhongyan , Meng Xiangfu , Liu Ge , Xu He , Wu Linwei , Gong Jixing , Chen Ding , Xue Bingqing , Huang Liying , Zhu Lihang , Wan Zhongjun , Cai Xiaolong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wang Jia , Zhang Donghui , Cao Nan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Hopes for a COVID-19 vaccine are now a reality. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which majorly binds to the host receptor ACE2 for cell entry, is used by most of the COVID-19 vaccine candidates as a choice of antigen. ACE2 is highly expressed in the heart and is known to be protective in multiple organs. Interaction of spike with ACE2 has been reported to reduce ACE2 expression and affect ACE2-mediated signal transduction in the heart. However, whether a spike-encoding vaccine will aggravate myocardial damage after a heart attack via affecting ACE2 remains unclear. Therefore, for patients with or at risk of heart diseases, questions arise around the safety of the spike-based vaccines. Here, we demonstrate that ACE2 is up-regulated and protective in the injured mouse heart after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Infecting human cardiomyocyte, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and cardiac fibroblasts with a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine expressing the spike protein (AdSpike) does not affect cell survival and cardiomyocyte function, whether the cells are subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury or not. This observation is further confirmed in human engineered heart tissues. Furthermore, AdSpike vaccination does not aggravate heart damage in wild-type or humanized ACE2 mice after I/R injury, even at a dose that is ten-fold higher as used in human. This study represents the first systematic evaluation of the safety of a leading COVID-19 vaccine under a disease context and may provide important information to ensure maximal protection from COVID-19 in patients with or at risk of heart diseases.
Comparison of Different Obesity Indices associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Different Sex and Age Groups in China
Authors: Ge Qiwei , Li Min , Xu Zhengcheng , Qi Zhigang , Zheng Huiyan , Cao Yuxin , Huang Hao , Duan Xiaoyang , Zhuang Xun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the obesity index most closely related to type 2 diabetes is still controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the associations of five anthropometric indices (body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Chinese adults divided into four groups according to sex and age.Methods: A total of 4,007 adult participants (1,669 males and 2,338 females) were included. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were used with binary logistic regression models to estimate the risk of T2DM for each obesity index. Furthermore, we compared the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of each obesity index for the criterion of hypertension under the influence of risk factors. Results: For the males, WC had the highest value of OR (3.211 and 1.452) and AUC (0.783 and 0.614) in both age groups. However, WHtR (OR=2.366, AUC=0.771) and BMI (OR=1.596, AUC=0.647) tended to be the best criteria for T2DM among females in the 18-59 and ≥60 years age groups, respectively.Conclusions: This study suggests that there is a positive association of obesity-related anthropometric indices with T2DM in different sex and age groups. For males, WC appears to be the best anthropometric index for predicting T2DM. For 18-59 and ≥60 age women, the best obesity indices related with T2DM are WHtR and BMI, respectively.
Risk Probability and Influencing Factors of Stroke in Followed-up Hypertension Patients
Authors: Li An-le , Qi Ying , Zhu Shuai , Hu Zhi-hao , Xu Xue-jin , Wang Ya-wei , Qian Xin-zhi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective：To explore the risk probability and influencing factors of stroke in followed-up hypertension (HP) patients through the analysis of long-term followed-up cohort data. Methods: The method of followed-up observation cohort was used to collect the information of 168417 hypertension patients from 2002 to 2020 in Jiading district in Shanghai. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the risk probability of stroke complications in long-term followed-up HP patients, and the influencing factors were analyzed by Cox proportional risk model. Results: Among 168417 hypertension patients, 11143 cases had stroke, and the cumulative incidence rate was 6.62%, the male was 6.87% and the female was 6.37%. With the extension of the observation of patients, the cumulative risk probability of stroke in HP patients would continue to increasing, and the interval was not equidistant. The total cumulative risk probability of stroke in HP patients was 78.9%, and male was 91.0%, female was 70.7%. During the whole observation, the risk probability of stroke was not fixed, but fluctuates. There were 4 peak onset periods, which were 8 years (peak period 4.2%), 15 years (peak period 14.0%), 22 years (peak period 6.0%) and 26 years (peak period 13.9%). The highest risk probability of male patients was in 26 years (peak period 23.1%), and the second peak was in 15 years (peak period 15.6%). The highest risk probability of female patients was in 15 years (peak period 12.9%), and the second peak was in 26 years (peak period 8.7%). The risk probability of different sex, BP grad and BMI was different, male was higher than female, grade 3 HP higher than grade 1 and grad 2 HP, thin higher than normal weight. The major influencing factors of stroke complications were age (RR=2.917, p<0.001), body mass index (RR=1.450, p< 0.001), family history of stroke (RR=1.386, p<0.001), blood pressure grad (RR=1.148, p<0.001), registry age (RR=1.071, P<0.001 and family history of hypertension (RR=1.051, P<0.001). Conclusion: Hypertension patients were prone to stroke, the risk probability would continue to disproportionately increase during observation, and the total cumulative risk probability could finally reach 78.9%. Male was higher than female. Age, BMI, family history (stroke and HP), blood pressure grad and duration of HP were related to the occurrence of stroke complications.
Use of Non-pharmacological Methods in Managing Labour Pain: Experiences of Nurse- midwives in Two Selected Districts Hospital of Pwani and Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania
Authors: Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Mselle Lilian T. , Chikwala Victor Z. , Sirili Nathanael 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Labour pain usually bring worries and most of the concerns to a woman and her family. Thus, the majority of the women in labour pain may require some sort of pain relief method be it pharmacological or non-pharmacological during this period. However, in Tanzania, the use of non-pharmacological labour pain-relieving methods remain low among nurse-midwives. This study analyzed the experiences of nurse-midwives on the use of non-pharmacological methods to manage labour pain in two selected districts of Pwani region Tanzania.Materials and Methods: An exploratory qualitative study using a semi-structured interview guide was conducted to purposefully recruited nurse-midwives working in labour ward in two district hospitals in Pwani region Tanzania. Data were analysed using a qualitative content analysis approach to generate categories describing the experiences of using non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Results: Encouraging women on the tolerability of pain, provision of instructions onchanging positions, deep mouth breathing techniques and exercises, provision of psychological support and provision of sacral massage emerged as the common non-pharmacological methods used by nurse-midwives. Comfortability on using the methods to both nurse-midwives and the women was stated to make both the nurse-midwives and women use them. Furthermore, some nurse-midwives did not use the methods because of limited skills, the misconception that labour pain to delivering women is necessary and lack of awareness of its benefits. Conclusion: The findings of this study underscores that knowledge on benefits on non-pharmacological methods, skills on using non-pharmacological pain and misconception of nurse-midwives on labor pain influence use of non-pharmacological labor pain management.
Improving the Face Validity of Self-Report Scales through Cognitive Interviews Based on Tourangeau Question and Answer Framework: A Practical Work on the Nursing Talent Identification Scale
Authors: Bagheriyeh Farzaneh , Ghahramanian Akram , Valizadeh Leila , Zamanzadeh Vahid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background The Nursing Talent Identification self-report Scale is a recently developed to assess the fit of nursing applicants’ characteristics for the profession. In such scales, respondents may perceive items in a variety of ways. Hence, while developing such scales, cognitive interviews are used to identify problematic and ambiguous items. The present study aimed to determine how respondents understand and answer to items through cognitive interviews to assess the user-friendliness of the scale and increase its face validity.Methods In this Qualitative-descriptive study, Tourangeau's four-stage question and answer model was used as a theoretical framework. The participants included 20 first-year nursing students from three western provinces of Iran.. Data were collected through thinking aloud and concurrent and retrospective verbal probing methods. For data analysis, the framework proposed by d'Ardenne and Collins (2015) was use.Results Through conducting 20 interviews with the participants, problems related to item comprehension, information retrieval, judgment and reporting appropriate answers were identified. Based on the results, out of 95 items, 20 items were modified. The ‘instructions’ section of the scale was also revised by making the necessary explanations and providing an example.Conclusions Cognitive interview was effective in identifying problematic items of the Nursing Talent Identification Scale. Although cognitive interviewing is very time-consuming and costly, using this method ensures that the scale has the necessary validity to assess the suitability of nursing applicants to the characteristics of the profession.
H63D Syndrome: data and facts
Authors: Adams Jacob S , Diamandis Carolina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ever since I co-founded the International H63D Research Consortium, I have always considered it my duty to pass on the most important knowledge about H63D syndrome to my colleagues in academia, research and applied medicine. Before I leave the consortium for a new career step, there are still some data to be published, which my current colleagues will certainly work on in more detail at a later stage. After all, knowledge can save lives and prevent suffering. I will publish these data in the following, because they speak for themselves.
Growth and Yield Response of NSIC Rc 204H (M20) to Nostoc (Nostoc commune Vauch) in Different Rates of Inorganic Fertilizer Application
Authors: Rodolfo Allen Mae , Barrientos Dionie S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield response of M20 with the application of Nostoc and to determine the ideal combination of inorganic fertilizer and Nostoc. Based on the result of the study, in terms of growth parameters; application of 3 g Nostoc with 1/2 RRIF gave the best response among the treatment in plant height, while application of 3 g Nostoc with 3/4 RRIF was the best treatment when it comes to days to flowering. Furthermore, the application of full RRIF was the best in terms of chlorophyll content. In yield parameters, the application of 3 g Nostoc with 1/4 RRIF gave significance response to grain yield and biomass. While the application of no Nostoc with 1/4 RRIF had the heaviest 1000 grain weight. For the number of tillers per plant (14.7), the application of 3 g Nostoc with 3/4 RRIF gave the best response among the treatments. And for the number of filled grains, rice grown without Nostoc but fertilized only with 1/2 RRIF had the most number of filled grain. Overall, Nostoc treatment did not significantly alter the response of M20 based on all agronomic parameters tested in the study.