bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Sustainable Use of Coastal Resources of Regional Waters Conservation Area Biak Numfor Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sutaman Sutaman , Wardiatno Yusli , Boer Mennofatria , Yulianda Fredinan 
Published: October 2021

Efforts to exploit fish resources optimally, continuous and sustainable is an urgent demand for the greatest prosperity of the people, especially to improve the welfare of fishermen and fish farmers. The level of sustainable use of coastal resources in water conservation is very important, so that the utilization does not exceed the carrying capacity of the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of sustainable use of coastal resources Biak Numfor, associated with the utilization of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. The study was conducted in June to December 2015 and October to November 2016. The primary data obtained by interview and direct discussion through Focus Group Disscution (FGD) with fishermen community, tourist and tourist entrepreneurs as well as related officials in the Office of Fisheries and Marine Affairs, and Tourism Office of Biak Numfor Regency. Methods of data analysis approach sustainability analysis conducted by the method of MDS (Multi-Dimensional Scaling) with the help of software Rapfish. Based on the survey results revealed that the value of fisheries ordinated to achieve 57.66%, 44.80% aquaculture, and tourism 46.25%. With these achievements ordinated value, it can be concluded that the use of sustainable capture fisheries are still classified by the lever sustainability attributes include; the type of fishing gear, vessel types used and the catch per unit effort (CPUE). Meanwhile the relatively less sustainable aquaculture with the sustainability lever attributes include; cultivation technology, the number of business units with different types and species of fish. For tourism utilization is still considered less sustainable with levers sustainability attributes include the number of tourists, the type and number of amenities and facilities and infrastructure Keywords: Sustainability, utilization, waters conservation area (KKPD), MDS-Rapfish
Pathogenic Assay of Probiotic Bacteria Producing Proteolytic Enzymes as Bioremediation Bacteria Against Vannamei Shrimp Larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Setyati Wilis Ari , Zainuddin Muhammad , Renta Person Pesona 
Published: October 2021

Application of bacteria in bioremediation of shrimp culture ponds is one of the methods used to clean internal pollutants. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of extracellular proteolytic enzyme produced by the probiotic bacteria as bioremediation bacteria on vannamei shrimp larvae culture. There were five probiotic bacteria, which were successfully isolated from the sediments served as substrate in mangrove area. The isolated bacteria were coded in number as 13, 19, 30, 33, and 36. Pathogenic bacteria Vibrio harveyi was used as positive control. Pathogenic assay was carried out in two different bacterial concentrations, i.e. 10⁸ and 10⁶ cells.mL-1. The results showed that the lowest survival rate (SR) of shrimp larvae in positive control V. harveyi was 53 and 65%. Whereas isolates with the highest SR value (100%) were obtained from bacteria coded as 13 and 30. Isolates no. 19, 33 and 36 had SR of more than 90%. Total plate count (TPC) data showed that the bacteria increased significantly at the end of the study with an average increase value of 24%. The smallest TPC value was shown by bacterial isolate no. 19, while the largest was obtained from the isolate no. 13. These results suggest that all probiotic bacteria were not pathogenic to the vannamei shrimp larvae. Keywords: aquaculture, shrimp, bioremediation, pathogenesis, vibrio.
Collective Bargaining Agreements In Industrial Conflict Resolutions In The Ghanaian Public Sector: Workers' Perspective
Authors: Crentsil Justice Ebo 
Published: October 2021

In recent years, industrial conflicts have reached alarming proportions, especially in Ghana’s public sector. In some instances, workers resort to strike actions and marches when employers use lockout and other methods not approved by the Labour Act or set out in a collective agreement. In Ghana, several heads of institutions and the management of most public institutions make unilateral decisions without consulting collective bargaining agreements. Many structures have been thrown into disarray; thus, resulting in industrial tensions at one point or another. This study aims to assess how effective collective bargaining agreements are at resolving labour disputes. A descriptive survey design was used, and the study participants included members of the Public Service Workers’ Union (PSWU) with a sample size of 240 unionised staff members. Poor coordination, lack of shared respect and consultation, and an unfavourable attitude toward union leaders and members were discovered to be the key causes of industrial conflict in the public sector. Furthermore, problems relating to salaries and wages, redundancies and layoffs, gratuities and pensions, and bad working conditions were the other causes of industrial unrest in Ghana’s public sector. It was suggested that employers establish a constructive collective bargaining procedural and substantive rule to react swiftly to economic changes that impact workers’ terms and conditions of service.
Efectos de la mediación parental, habilidades digitales, género y condición socioeconómica en el uso de internet en niñas, niños y adolescentes
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Rolando , Brenes-Peralta Carlos 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: El estudio investiga el efecto del tipo de mediación parental, las habilidades digitales, el género y el nivel socioeconómico en los usos de internet en niñas, niños y adolescentes (NNA) entre 9-17 años. Método: Para realizar esta investigación se tomaron los datos de la encuesta nacional Kids Online (Pérez-Sánchez, 2019) aplicada a una muestra representativa de 1008 NNA costarricenses, 50,6% mujeres y una edad promedio de 12,75 (DT = 2,55). Se siguió un muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se realizaron modelos de ecuación estructural y análisis de moderación y mediación. Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran que los diferentes tipos de mediación contribuyen a promover o inhibir diferentes tipos de uso, resultando la mediación activa su principal promotor y el monitoreo su inhibidor, por encima de la mediación restrictiva. Las habilidades digitales tienen un efecto mediador parcial de la relación entre tipo de mediación y uso de internet, por lo que contribuyen a contrarrestar los efectos limitantes de la mediación por monitoreo o restrictiva sobre las oportunidades. Además, se encontró un efecto moderador del género y el nivel socioeconómico en la relación entre tipo de mediación y tipos de uso de la internet.
Evaluation Conducted With University Teachers on the General Physics Courses Taught at the National University of Costa Rica During 2014 and 2019
Authors: Márquez-Artavia Xiomara , Delgado-Orozco Luis , Saavedra-Arias José 
Published: October 2021

Objective. Evaluate the General Physics courses (theory and laboratory) of the Science Teaching career with the university teaching staff, in the period from 2014 to 2019, to identify the strengths and weaknesses in the methodology and propose new educational strategies. Method. The research was conducted through a virtual survey with the LimeSurvey software to the teachers who have taught Physics courses for the Science Teaching career in the last five years; the survey was applied to the total population of 20 teachers, but only 12 of them answered it. The instrument was designed by the teaching staff working on the project to improve the laboratory manuals. The instrument analysis was carried out with the help of an Excel spreadsheet provided by the LimeSurvey software. The instrument was validated by IDESPO staff of the National University regarding the relevance of the content of the statements, the clarity of the questions, and the coherence with the objective of this study. Results. The structure and organization of the General Physics courses have a positive assessment by the teachers, who also showed a preference for the traditional lecturing; but even so, they are willing to train and learn new teaching strategies. Conclusions. The results of this investigation show that teachers are open to technological change and to working on the challenges that government policies have proposed.
Computational synthesis of 2D materials grown by chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Momeni Kasra , Ji Yanzhou , Chen Long-Qing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The exotic properties of 2D materials made them ideal candidates for applications in quantum computing, flexible electronics, and energy technologies. A major barrier to their adaptation for industrial applications is their controllable and reproducible growth at a large scale. A significant effort has been devoted to the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of wafer-scale highly crystalline monolayer materials through exhaustive trial-and-error experimentations. However, major challenges remain as the final morphology and growth quality of the 2D materials may significantly change upon subtle variation in growth conditions. Here, we introduced a multiscale/multiphysics model based on coupling continuum fluid mechanics and phase-field models for CVD growth of 2D materials. It connects the macroscale experimentally controllable parameters, such as inlet velocity and temperature, and mesoscale growth parameters such as surface diffusion and deposition rates, to morphology of the as-grown 2D materials. We considered WSe2 as our model material and established a relationship between the macroscale growth parameters and the growth coverage. Our model can guide the CVD growth of monolayer materials and paves the way to their synthesis-by-design.

Graphic abstract
OPTIMIZATION OF TIMETABLE AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Kosolap A. I. , Dubovik T. M. 
Published: October 2021

Context. In this paper, we consider a well-known university scheduling problem. Such tasks are solved several times a year in every educational institution. The problem of constructing an optimal schedule remains open despite numerous studies in this area. This is due to the complexity of the corresponding optimization problem, in particular, its significant dimension. This complicates its numerical solution with existing optimization methods. Scheduling models also need improvement. Thus, schedule optimization is a complex computational problem and requires the development of new methods for solving it.
Objective. Improvement of optimization models for timetabling at the university and the use of new effective methods to solve them.
Method. We use the exact quadratic regularization method to solve timetabling optimization problems. Exact quadratic regularization allows transforming complex optimization models with Boolean variables into the problem of maximizing the vector norm on a convex set. We use the efficient direct dual interior point method and dichotomy method to solve this problem. This method has shown significantly better results in solving many complex multimodal problems. This is confirmed by many comparative computational experiments. The exact quadratic regularization method is even more effective in solving timetabling problems. This optimization method is used for the first time for this class of problems, so it required the development of adequate algorithmic support.
Results. We propose a new, simpler timetabling optimization model that can be easily implemented software in Excel with the OpenSolver, RoskSolver, and others. We give a small example of building a schedule and describe step-by-step instructions for obtaining the optimal solution.
Conclusions. An efficient new technology developed for university timetable, which is simple to implement and does not require the development of special software. The efficiency of the technology is ensured by the use of a new method of exact quadratic regularization.
COMPARISON OF TWO FORMS OF ERLANGIAN DISTRIBUTION LAW IN QUEUING THEORY
Authors: Tarasov V. N. 
Published: October 2021

Context. For modeling various data transmission systems, queuing systems G/G/1 are in demand, this is especially important because there is no final solution for them in the general case. The problem of the derivation in closed form of the solution for the average waiting time in the queue for ordinary system with erlangian input distributions of the second order and for the same system with shifted to the right distributions is considered.
Objective. Obtaining a solution for the main system characteristic – the average waiting time for queue requirements for three types of queuing systems of type G/G/1 with usual and shifted erlangian input distributions.
Method. To solve this problem, we used the classical method of spectral decomposition of the solution of Lindley integral equation, which allows one to obtain a solution for average the waiting time for systems under consideration in a closed form. For the practical application of the results obtained, the well-known method of moments of the theory of probability was used.
Results. For the first time, spectral expansions of the solution of the Lindley integral equation for systems with ordinary and shifted Erlang distributions are obtained, with the help of which the calculation formulas for the average waiting time in the queue for the above systems in closed form are derived.
Conclusions. The difference between the usual and normalized distribution is that the normalized distribution has a mathematical expectation independent of the order of the distribution k, therefore, the normalized and normal Erlang distributions differ in numerical characteristics. The introduction of the time shift parameter in the laws of input flow distribution and service time for the systems under consideration turns them into systems with a delay with a shorter waiting time. This is because the time shift operation reduces the coefficient of variation in the intervals between the receipts of the requirements and their service time, and as is known from queuing theory, the average wait time of requirements is related to these coefficients of variation by a quadratic dependence. The system with usual erlangian input distributions of the second order is applicable only at a certain point value of the coefficients of variation of the intervals between the receipts of the requirements and their service time. The same system with shifted distributions allows us to operate with interval values of coefficients of variations, which expands the scope of these systems. This approach allows us to calculate the average delay for these systems in mathematical packages for a wide range of traffic parameters.
Выбор модели срочной структуры процентных ставок на основе её свойств
Authors: Лапшин Виктор Александрович , Терещенко Мария Юрьевна 
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена выбору подходящей модели для построения срочной структуры процентных ставок из наиболее популярных: бутстрэпа, различных сплайнов и параметрических моделей Нельсона-Зигеля и Свенссона. Изложены особенности их применения на финансовых рынках стран мира.
Задача моделирования срочной структуры процентных ставок имеет долгую историю и продолжает привлекать повышенное внимание учёных-теоретиков и специалистов-практиков. В разное время этой проблемой интересовались Дж. М. Кейнс, П. Самуэльсон, Р. Мертон, Ф. Модильяни, М. Шоулз, Е. Фама и др. Однако, несмотря на серьёзное продвижение в данной области, вопрос построения моделей, адекватных реальным условиям, всё так же далёк от окончательного решения и требует продолжения работы по их изучению.
Срочную структуру широко применяют для анализа цен и доходности облигаций, используют при оценке справедливости рыночных прогнозов. Кривые срочной структуры процентных ставок чрезвычайно важны при изучении процессов, происходящих в экономической сфере, поэтому они нуждаются в адекватных моделях оценки. В действительности процентные ставки по кредитам и займам в произвольный момент времени не наблюдаемы. А поскольку это так, то остаётся только смоделировать их, опираясь на имеющиеся данные по государственным или корпоративным облигациям, по другим доступным финансовым инструментам, исходя из поставленной перед исследователем задачи.
Все модели имеют свои достоинства и недостатки, поэтому специалисту необходимо определить цель исследования и под неё подбирать модель, учитывая её свойства. Модели рассматриваются в той хронологии, в какой они были разработаны. Каждая последующая модель из каждого класса была призвана устранить недостатки предыдущей версии, но это не всегда удавалось, и в новой модели или усиливались слабые стороны предшествующей, или появлялись новые.
Предложен алгоритм выбора модели, исходя из её основных свойств, которые могут стать наиболее важными для успешного решения поставленной перед специалистом проблемы.
Principal approaches to the classification of science in national, international, and European law. Part II. Subject (industry) classification. Classification by other criteria
Authors: Tchetverikov A. O. 
Published: October 2021

Part II of the article deals with the approaches of modern legal sustems to the subject-matter (disciplinary) classification of science, as well as with the additional classification criteria such as mode of financing of scientific research and its importance for State and society which are employed in several legal systems.Basing on practical examples, author demonstrates that, despite the equivalence of the main classification criteria, the modern law lack uniform approaches to subject-matter (disciplinary) classification of science. This state of play characterizes both inter-state context (different scientific disciplines in different legal systems) and intra-state context (different approaches in different legal sources of the same country).Author concludes in favour of consideration of a legal recognition as a specific category of scientific research those conducted by means of megascience-facilities. The above-mentioned category can be further divided into subcategories corresponding to various types of megascience-facilities such as light-sources and neutron sources.
УРОДЖЕНЦІ ЧЕРКАЩИНИ У ВИЗВОЛЬНІЙ БОРОТЬБІ 1917–1921 РР.: БІОГРАФІЧНО-ДІЯЛЬНІСНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Рогожа М. , Карасевич А. 
Published: October 2021

У статті розглянуто участь уродженців Черкащини у національно-визвольній боротьбі 1917–1921 рр. як частину цілісного явища будівництва незалежної держави. За мету поставлено дослідити через біографії й участь у боях генералів Базильського, Вовка, Загродського та Тютюнника, очолюваних ними військових з’єднань у контексті цілісного державотворчого процесу. Біографічний аспект виявив якості очільників, сформовані різними чинниками: родинними, суспільними, освітніми, вишкільними, службовими, міжособистісними тощо. Діяльнісний аспект реалізовано через вибір іпостасі вояка, досягнення й реалізацію якої кожен здійснив своїм шляхом. Участь генералів Базильського, Вовка, Загродського і Тютюнника у національно-визвольній боротьбі стала результатом позитивної взаємодії суми факторів, розглянутих через біографо-діяльнісний аспект. Саме вони сформували якості високопрофесійних вояків. Генерали очолювали значні військові з’єднання Армії УНР, досягали перемог, але варто зауважити, що ворогів українській армії завжди вистачало, бракувало союзників. Очевидно, з цих та інших причин армія зазнала перебування в таборах інтернованих у Польщі, Румунії.
Ключові слова: Базильський, Вовк, Загродський, Тютюнник, боротьба, Армія УНР, честь, Україна
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ НОВІТНЬОЇ ПОЛЬСЬКОЇ БІОГРАФІСТИКИ (ЗА МАТЕРІАЛАМИ ВИДАННЯ «POLISH BIOGRAPHICAL STUDIES»)
Authors: Стамбол І. І. 
Published: October 2021

Визначено основні тенденції розвитку біографічних досліджень у Польщі на початку ХХІ ст. За основу взято публікації наукового журналу «Polish Biographical Studies», що виходить у Щецині з 2015 р. при Центрі біографічних досліджень. Серед проблем, які порушують польські науковці, найпомітнішими є біографії комуністичних функціонерів, військових та науковців різних галузей. Окрім того, дослідження стосуються постколоніального наративу в біографічних текстах і гендерних питань.
Ключові слова: біографістика, науковці, політичні діячі, польська гуманітаристика, «Polish Biographical Studies», ХХІ ст.
The Axial Load-Share Ratio in Vivo as a Supplemental Assessment for the External Fixator Safe Removal
Authors: Liu Yanshi , Jia Qiyu , Cai Feiyu , Liu Kai , Zhang Tao , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Timing the fixator removal is vital for a successful external fixation treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of axial load-share ratio in vivo as a supplemental decision support tool for the safe removal of an Ilizarov external fixator.Methods: This prospective observational study consists of 83 patients undergoing tibial or femoral lengthening with Ilizarov circular external fixation in our institution, from January 2011 to October 2019. In group Ⅰ (38 patients), the external fixator was removed based on the surgeon’s clinical experience and radiographs from January 2011 to June 2015. In group Ⅱ (45 patients), from July 2015 to October 2019, the supplemental axial load-share (LS) ratio test was accomplished without the knowledge of the clinical results by another medical team. The test was performed by electronically measuring forces in the fixator rods and in a ground force plate. When the LS ratio < 10% was consistent with the conclusion (dense bone formation was achieved in the distraction zone) drawn from the corresponding routine radiographs by the treating surgeon, the external fixator was removed.Results: There was no statistical significance in demographic data between the two groups (P>0.05). In group Ⅰ, 4 of the 38 patients suffered refracture (the refracture rate was 10.5%) after fixator removal, and bone union was finally achieved with further intervention by intramedullary nail. In group Ⅱ, 36 patients terminated the external fixation after the first mechanical test, and another 9 patients terminated the external fixation at the subsequent test. None of the 45 patients in group Ⅱ suffered refracture (the refracture rate was 0%). There was statistical significance in the refracture rate between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusions: Adequate assessment of bone regenerate is crucial before removing an external fixator to prevent deformation or refracture. The axial load-share ratio in vivo is a practically quantitative method to supplement radiography and clinical experience for the assessment of regenerate healing, and the axial load-share ratio dropped below 10% is a safe limit for the Ilizarov external fixator removal.