bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dyslipidemia and rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms—a systematic review
Authors: Løvik Katja , Laupsa-Borge Johnny , Logallo Nicola , Helland Christian A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDyslipidemia is a well-established risk factor for coronary artery disease. However, the effect on cerebral artery disease, and more specifically the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms, is unclear and has not yet been reviewed. We therefore performed a systematic review to investigate associations between different types of dyslipidemia and incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We used the MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify clinical trials that compared the rupture risk among SAH patients with or without dyslipidemia. The risk of bias in each included study was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Of 149 unique citations from the initial literature search, five clinical trials with a case-control design met our eligibility criteria. These studies compared aSAH patients to patients with unruptured aneurysms and found an overall inverse relationship between hypercholesterolemia and rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms. The quality assessment classified all included studies as high risk of bias. The evidence indicates that hypercholesterolemia is associated with a reduced rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms. However, it is not clear whether this relation is due to the dyslipidemic condition itself or the use of antihyperlipidemic medication.
South American fish species suitable for aquaponics: a review
Authors: Pinho Sara M. , David Luiz H. , Garcia Fabiana , Keesman Karel J. , Portella Maria Célia , Goddek Simon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTilapia and catfish are the most popular fish species in aquaponics. However, they are not well-accepted in all markets, and finding alternative species is important in order to increase the variety of food products and meet market demands. South America has several potential fish species for aquaponics systems. Encouraging the implementation of integrated aquaculture systems by providing information about the production of South American species can help to increase the supply of high-quality food and aquaculture diversification. Thus, data for five South American fish species with potential for aquaponics were compared with existing data for the main traditional warm water species in this system, tilapia and catfish. Moreover, the degree of suitability of the novel species for these systems in terms of zootechnical performance, tolerance to water quality and nutritional composition of fish flesh were discussed. The South American species considered were jundia or silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), yellowtail lambari (Astyanax lacustris), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and snook (Centropomusspp.). Their description and the tabular comparison with the most traditional aquaponic-cultured species show they are suited for this production system. How suitable they are will depend on the system design, as well as the regional characteristics of the market where they will be produced.
Who Coaches the Coaches? The Development of a Coaching Model for Experiential Learning
Authors: Heinrich William F. , Louson Eleanor , Blommel Caroline , Green Aalayna R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study explores a case of coaching deployed in experiential, interdisciplinary, and project-based courses. This study follows coaching in two courses that operated on a high-impact practice framework. In these courses, coaching was experienced by both students and faculty as a critical feature of the success of the courses. Students showed that coaching impacted their sense of the gravity of course content, their ownership of student-designed work, their relationships with faculty, and their experience of place-based learning. Faculty indicated that the coaching promoted transdisciplinary course planning, while their teaching benefited student engagement. We recommend practices for coaching that can support gains for students and faculty in experiential, project-based, interdisciplinary courses.
Evaluating the Impact of Intensive Case Management for Severe Vocational Injuries on Work Incapacity and Costs
Authors: Leiva Rolando , Rochaix Lise , Kiefer Noémie , Dupont Jean-Claude K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurpose This study investigates the impact of an intensive case management program on sick leave days, permanent work incapacity levels and treatment costs for severe vocational injuries set up by the French National Insurance Fund in five health insurance districts. Methods The method employed relies on a four-step matching procedure combining Coarsened Exact Matching and Propensity Score Matching, based on an original administrative dataset. Average Treatment effects on the Treated were estimated using a parametric model with a large set of covariates. Results After one-year follow-up, workers in the treatment group had higher sickness absence rates, with 22 extra days, and the program led to 2.7 (95% CI 2.3–3.1) times more diagnoses of permanent work incapacity in the treatment group. With an estimated yearly operational cost of 2,722 € per treated worker, the average total extra treatment cost was 4,569 € for treated workers, which corresponds to a cost increase of 29.2% for the insurance fund. Conclusions The higher costs found for the treatment group are mainly due to longer sick leave duration for the moderate severity group, implying higher cash transfers in the form of one-off indemnities. Even though workers in the treated group have more diagnoses of permanent work incapacity, the difference of severity between groups is small. Our results on longer sick leave duration are partly to be explained by interactions between the case managers and the occupational physicians that encouraged patients to stay longer off-work for better recovery, despite the higher costs that this represented for the insurance fund and the well-documented adverse side effects of longer periods off-work.
Determinants of Declining School Belonging 2000–2018: The Case of Sweden
Authors: Högberg Björn , Petersen Solveig , Strandh Mattias , Johansson Klara 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStudents’ sense of belonging at school has declined across the world in recent decades, and more so in Sweden than in almost any other high-income country. However, we do not know the characteristics or causes of these worldwide trends. Using data on Swedish students aged 15–16 years from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) between 2000 and 2018, we show that the decline in school belonging in Sweden was driven by a disproportionately large decline at the bottom part of the distribution, and was greatest for foreign-born students, students from disadvantaged social backgrounds, and for low-achieving students. The decline cannot be accounted for by changes in student demographics or observable characteristics related to the school environment. The decline did, however, coincide with a major education reform, characterized by an increased use of summative evaluation, and an overall stronger performance-orientation.
Towards an attestation architecture for blockchain networks
Authors: Hardjono Thomas , Smith Ned 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIf blockchain networks are to become the building blocks of the infrastructure for the future digital economy, then several challenges related to the resiliency and survivability of blockchain networks need to be addressed. The survivability of a blockchain network is influenced by the diversity of its nodes. Trustworthy device-levelattestationspermits nodes in a blockchain network to provide truthful evidence regarding their current configuration, operational state, keying material and other system attributes. In the current work we review the recent developments towards a standard attestation architecture and evidence conveyance protocols. We explore the applicability and benefits of a standard attestation architecture to blockchain networks. Finally, we discuss a number of open challenges related to node attestations that has arisen due to changing model of blockchain network deployments, such as the use of virtualization and containerization technologies for nodes in cloud infrastructures.
Centrifuge modelling of rainfall-induced slope failure in variably saturated soil
Authors: Wang Shun , Idinger Gregor , Wu Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the results of centrifuge tests on rainfall-induced instabilities in variably saturated slopes. The roles of rainfall intensity and initial conditions, such as slope angle, porosity and degree of saturation of the soil, in the failure initiation and postfailure kinematics are considered. The failure patterns, infiltration profile and deformation at prefailure and postfailure stages are characterized. The results indicate that rainfall-induced slope failures usually follow one of the following two failure modes, i.e. slide-to-flow and flowslide failure modes. The former pattern is characterized by soil mass flow after initial failure along a continuous shear surface, while the latter is more relevant to the rapid increase in the saturation at the slope surface, resulting in surface erosion channels followed by the acceleration of the soil mass. The flowslide failure pattern usually gives rise to several superficial shear surfaces and longer run-out distances. The rainfall intensity and profiles of the degree of saturation play the key roles in initiating the slope failure at the prefailure stage and subsequently in mobilizing the soil mass at the postfailure stage. Our test data, together with the data from the literature, are presented in two threshold curves to define the critical condition of slope failure under rainfall infiltration.
Studienerfolg von Fachstudierenden im Anfangsstudium der Biologie
Authors: Binder Torsten , Waldeyer Julia , Schmiemann Philipp 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungBesonders in den naturwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen brechen viele Studierende ihr Studium ab. Bislang war ein Studium der Biologie davon eher weniger betroffen. In den letzten Jahren zeichnet sich für Deutschland auch im Bachelorstudium Biologie der Trend einer steigenden Studienabbruchsquote ab. Empirisch begründete Studienberatungen und fundierte Unterstützungsangebote könnten hier geeignete Maßnahmen sein. Die individuellen Voraussetzungen wie Noten, soziodemographische und motivationale Faktoren, Fachwissen, sowie die Lebens- und Studienbedingungen und das Studier- und Lernverhalten (z. B. Lernstrategien und -motivation) sind relevante Faktoren für den Studienerfolg. Bislang fehlen für das Biologiestudium in Deutschland allerdings weitgehend Untersuchungen hierzu. Daher prüft diese Studie schulisches und universitäres Wissen sowie Lernstrategien als Erfolgsprädiktoren für den Studienerfolg im biologiebezogenen Anfangsstudium, da diese geeignet erscheinen in der kritischen Phase des Studienbeginns mögliche Präventionsmaßnahmen abzuleiten. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass auch über den üblicherweise starken Prädiktor der Abiturnote hinaus universitäres Fachwissen, Zeitmanagement und Anstrengung den Studienerfolg in Biologie vorhersagen. Auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse lassen sich universitäre Maßnahmen ableiten, die potenziell zu einer Reduzierung des Studienabbruchs beitragen könnten.
Characteristics of leaching of heavy metals from low-sulfur coal gangue under different conditions
Authors: Li Chang , Zheng Liugen , Jiang Chunlu , Chen Xing , Ding Shuaishuai 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoal gangue is the main pollution source of mining areas. When coal gangue is stacked and recycled, the heavy metal elements contained in it are released by natural weathering and leaching, which causes damage to the surrounding ecological environment. In this study, the leaching and precipitation characteristics of heavy metals in low-sulfur coal gangue under different environmental conditions were simulated by indoor dynamic leaching experiments, which provided a theoretical basis for environmental restoration of the mining area. The conclusions are as follows: higher heavy metal content in low-sulfur coal gangue is associated with greater, leaching of heavy metals; acidic conditions promote the release of heavy metals in low-sulfur coal gangue; and more precipitation is associated with better release of heavy metals from the low-sulfur coal gangue.
Daily Routine Recognition for Hearing Aid Personalization
Authors: Kuebert Thomas , Puder Henning , Koeppl Heinz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis work focuses on daily routine recognition to personalize the hearing aid (HA) configuration for each user. So far, there is only one public data set containing the data of two acceleration sensors taken under unconstrained real-life conditions of one person. Therefore, we create a realistic and extensive data set with seven subjects and a total length of 63449 min. For the recordings, the HA streams the acceleration and audio data to a mobile phone, where the user simultaneously annotates it. This builds the grounds for our comprehensive simulations, where we train a set of classifiers in an offline and online manner to analyze the model generalization abilities across subjects for high-level activities. To achieve this, we build a feature representation, which describes the recurring daily situations and environments well. For the offline classification, the deep neural network, multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and random forest (RF) trained in a person-dependent manner show the significantly best F-measure performance of 86.6%, 87.1%, and 87.3%, respectively. We confirm that for high-level activities the person-dependent model outperforms the independent one. In our online experiments, we personalize a model that was pretrained in a person-independent manner by daily updates. Thereby, multiple incremental learners and an online RF are tested. We demonstrate that MLP and RF improve the F-measure compared to the offline baselines.
A new measurement system to determine stiffness distribution in machine tool workspace
Authors: Pawełko Piotr , Jastrzębski Daniel , Parus Arkadiusz , Jastrzębska Joanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an innovative system determining machine tool quasi-static stiffness in machining space, so-called Stiffness Workspace System (SWS). The system allows for the assessment of the accuracy of a machine which has become a vital aspect over past years for machine tool manufacturers and users. Since machine tools static stiffness is one of the main criteria using to evaluate the machines' quality, it is crucial to highlight the relevance of experimental and analytical stiffness determination methods. Therefore, the proposed method is applied to estimate the spatial variation of static stiffness in the machine tool workspace. This paper describes the SWS system—its design, working principle, mounting conditions and signal processing. The major advantage of the system is the capability to apply forces of controlled magnitude and orientation as well as simultaneously measure the resulting displacements. The obtained results give possibility to estimate and evaluate static stiffness coefficients depending on the position and direction under loaded conditions. The results confirm the validity of the analyses of spatial stiffness distribution in the machine workspace.
How to Prepare Your Team for an Emergency
Authors: Eifling Kurt P. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAny field team, regardless of the professionalism of the leadership, will eventually experience a critical event. Some events will result in a subtle degradation of the team's work; others will cause emergent threats to the safety of the team. A team's sustained performance during a field season depends partly on such chance events and partly with the team's ability to plan for and respond to the dynamic environment of the field. The duty of a field leader is to conduct clear-eyed conversations and ensure that solid preparations are laid for both the group as a whole and the individual team members. Some of these plans need to be manifested by material preparations, some of which require months of forethought. This article walks readers through a two-hour exercise, giving them frameworks from business continuity and military field doctrines to understand risk. Readers will conduct a SWOT analysis, define emergencies within their organizations, and then apply risk management practices of qualitative risk assessment and all-hazards planning to develop planning priorities. By the end, readers will have built specific action plans for improving field season readiness.
Toward a Safe Archaeology Field School
Authors: Emerson Matthew C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractArchaeology field schools provide unique opportunities for firsthand exposure, team-based learning, and pre-professional experience. A participant's decision to pursue a career in archaeology may reflect initial fieldwork group experiences and individual interactions with field school leaders and staff. Today, safety, security, and equity policies along with staff and operational procedures that support them are essential for instructing and inspiring all who wish to experience archaeological fieldwork. Drawing on three decades of field school participation and administration, the author describes specific examples of fieldwork learning contexts as well as insights into operating a safe, secure, and welcoming field school. Conclusions include general guidelines that are applicable and desirable for short-term, season-long, or special skills field schools.
Earthquake Preparedness and Knowledge of Recommended Self-Protective Actions: A Survey of Nursing Students
Authors: Longo Bernadette M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjective:Nurses are a vital workforce to the disaster response of an earthquake. The aim of this study was to assess preexisting knowledge in baccalaureate nursing students about disaster preparedness and self-protective behavioral responses during an earthquake.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional survey of nursing students from a seismologically active region was conducted. Data were collected prior to earthquake preparedness education and ShakeOut drills designed to enhance personal safety.Results:A total of 274 nursing students participated in the survey (response rate – 93%). More than half (57%) of respondents did not feel prepared for an earthquake; 88% were without a household emergency plan and 82% lacked emergency supplies. Self-protective actions of drop, cover, and hold on and stay in bed were accurately identified by 77% and 96% of respondents, respectively. Hazardous actions selected included stand in a doorway (77% of respondents) and go outside into the street (23% of respondents).Conclusions:These results demonstrate a lack of personal disaster preparedness in nursing students and several behavioral responses that do not promote self-preservation during seismic activity. Although existing baccalaureate nursing education addresses competencies for disaster care, actions are needed to develop curriculum that emphasizes preparedness and safety to regional environmental hazards.
Aesthetic community
Authors: Ronen Ruth 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTTaste, as a faculty of aesthetic appreciation, involves an individual, and yet assumes a community. In this article, a distinctly singular mode of being attuned to objects of taste is shown to be conditioned by the consent of others and by being-with others, thereby constituting what is named here an ‘aesthetic community.’ This idea of an aesthetic community is traced back to Kant's sensus communis and to Heidegger's notion of preservation: for both, it is the presence of a community that conditions aesthetic experience.
Current limitations to high-resolution structure determination by single-particle cryoEM
Authors: D'Imprima Edoardo , Kühlbrandt Werner 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCryoEM has become the method of choice for determining the structure of large macromolecular complexes in multiple conformations, at resolutions where unambiguous atomic models can be built. Two effects that have limited progress in single-particle cryoEM are (i) beam-induced movement during image acquisition and (ii) protein adsorption and denaturation at the air-water interface during specimen preparation. While beam-induced movement now appears to have been resolved by all-gold specimen support grids with very small holes, surface effects at the air-water interface are a persistent problem. Strategies to overcome these effects include the use of alternative support films and new techniques for specimen deposition. We examine the future potential of recording perfect images of biological samples for routine structure determination at atomic resolution.
Equality for Prospective People: A Novel Statement and Defence
Authors: Voorhoeve Alex 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA possible person'sconditional expected well-beingis what the quality of their prospects would be if they were to come into existence. This article examines the role that this form of expected well-being should play in distributing benefits among prospective people and in deciding whom to bring into existence. It argues for a novel egalitarian view on which it is important to ensure equality in people's life prospects, not merely between actual individuals, but also between all individuals who, given our choices, have a chance of coming into existence. The article argues that such egalitarianism for prospective people springs from equal concern for each prospective person and has plausible implications. It further shows that it has a rationale in respect for both the unity of the individual and the separateness of persons. Finally, it defends this view against a key objection and shows it is superior to a rival view.
Peripheral insulin sensitivity predicting cognitive function in euthymic bipolar disorder patients
Authors: Chang Hui Hua , Tseng Huai-Hsuan , Chang Wei Hung , Huang Kuan-Chung , Lu Tsung-Hua , Yang Yen Kuang , Chen Po See 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveHigh prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) has been reported in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. Importantly, impaired insulin sensitivity could modulate the course and treatment outcome in BD. Here, we hypothesized that insulin sensitivity could be potentially associated with the neurocognitive trajectory in euthymic BD. We aimed to examine differences in insulin sensitivity and executive function between BD patients and controls.MethodsSixty-two patients with BD receiving mood stabilizer treatment and 62 controls, matching age, sex, and body mass index, were recruited in this study. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The Wisconsin card-sorting test (WCST) was applied to test participants’ ability to shift cognitive set. Group differences were measured and multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine relationships among factors.ResultsThe results indicated that the HOMA-IR (P = .048) value in the patients with BD were significantly higher than those in controls. With regards to executive function, the BD patients performed significantly poorer than the control subjects (P < .05). Moreover, the interaction effect between BD diagnosis and HOMA-IR value on the WCST-preservation errors was significant (P = .01), and post-hoc analyses showed that the cognitive abilities were worse in the BD patients with a higher IR than in the others groups.ConclusionInsulin sensitivity is associated with the neurocognitive performance in euthymic BD patients. Although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, interventions to improve insulin sensitivity could potentially improve the functional outcome of BD.