bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosody of Ojibwe Discourse Markers
Authors: Frazier Sonja 
Published: April 2021

Discourse markers (DMs) are optional, sequentially dependent sentence-initial items (Schiffrin, 1987) that are used to bracket units of talk (e.g. oh, well, because, y’know, now ). This research aims to better understand Ojibwe DMs which typically occur as the first or second element of a sentence (Fairbanks, 2016). The proposed analysis seeks to understand the prosody of Ojibwe DMs broadly and specifically their use in narrative structure. The data is drawn from Gakina Dibaajimowin Gwayakwaawan ( All Teachings are Correct ) by Nancy Jones, 2013. The analysis was done by using the programs Audacity and PRAAT to identify individual sentences and their pitch prominences. Through careful listening and pitch tracking, prosodic properties of DMs were found to indicate the following:

DMs attract the most prominent pitch in the sentence.
DMs are used by the speaker to attract the hearer’s attention; in this sense they are interactional (Franks-Job, 2006).
DMs are used by the speaker to structure the narration; as such they interact with topic changes and emphasis (Lenk, 1998)

This study creates a more complex picture of Ojibwe DMs and adds to our understanding of the language.
References:
Fairbanks, B. 2016. Ojibwe Discourse Markers. University of Nebraska Press.
Franks-Job, B. 2006. A dynamic-interactional approach to discourse markers. In Approaches to discourse particles, K. Fischer (ed.) pp. 395–413. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Lenk, U. 1998. Discourse markers and global coherence in conversation. Journal of Pragmatics 30(2):246-257
Ogimaawigwaebiik [Nancy Jones] 2013. Gakina Dibaajimowin Gwayakwaawan. In Dibaajimowinaan; Anishinaabe Stories of Culture and respect ; Nigaanigiizhig [Jim Saint-Arnold] (ed.), Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission, 9-10.
Raso, Tommaso. 1996. Prosodic constraints for discourse markers. Spoken Corpora and Linguistic Studies. In Spoken Corpora and Linguistics Studies , T. Raso & H. Mello (eds.) 411-467. Benjamins: Amsterdam.
Schiffrin, D. 1987. Discourse Markers. doi: 10.1017/cbo9780511611841.
Automatic and manual extraction of speech and language characteristics associated with depression
Authors: Langley Ross 
Published: April 2021

Early and accurate diagnosis and intervention of depression is important to facilitate timely, direct, and appropriate interventions with potential for improved clinical outcomes. Delays in the diagnosis of patients with depression may be reduced if simple tools were available to indicate probability of diagnosis. Clinicians use speech and language characteristics to establish current mental state and diagnosis. The use of automatic acoustic feature extraction allows leveraging pitch, power, and variability and can provide an unbiased evaluation of speech.
This study examined speech samples from a youth at-risk cohort, aged 9-25, and developed a manual rating system of speech and language characteristics, which involved rating short segments of audio and transcript on emotion, sentiment, affect, and richness. This competed against an automated model of extracting zero-crossing rate, energy, the entropy of energy, and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients to identify speech characteristics associated with major depressive disorder.
The results showed that the automatic feature extraction outcompeted the manual rating system in explaining the difference in speech between participants with and without major depressive disorder through speech and language characteristics. While the extraction of audio features is not a substitute for the clinical interview, the ability to provide an unbiased prediction of vulnerability to depression from speech may assist clinicians in early diagnosis.
Physical activity in people living with rheumatoid arthritis compared to general population controls
Authors: Lee-Pii Kiera , Xie Hui , Zheng Yufei , Li Linda , Lacaille Diane 
Published: April 2021

The health benefits of regular physical activity have been well established. The Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines (CPAG) specify that adults should accumulate at least 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) per week. Our study objectives were to: 1) determine the proportion of RA patients in British Columbia (BC) who meet the CPAG, 2) identify the determinants of meeting the recommendations, and 3) compare the duration of time spent in MVPA relative to general population controls using self-reported data.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using 2015 data from an annual survey administered to an RA cohort in BC. Normative physical activity data was obtained from the Canadian Community Health Survey. Adjusting for age and sex, the proportion of RA patients who met the guidelines was compared to the general population. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant determinants of meeting these guidelines and an ordinary least squares (OLS) model evaluated differences in average MVPA time. A two-part model evaluated the overall amount of MVPA performed by both the RA sample and the general population.
After standardization, the sample of 169 RA patients was 21% less likely to meet the CPAG than controls (p=0.028). Individuals who were Caucasian (p=0.019), had better physical function (p=0.003), were an ex-smoker (p=0.022), and had more pain (p=0.018) were more likely to meet guidelines. Although, overall, RA patients spent significantly (p<0.001) less time in MVPA per week than controls, there was no significant difference between the groups among those who exercised weekly.
اشكالية اختيار رئيس الحكومة في إقليم كوردستان – العراق دراسة تحليلية مقارنة
Authors: Hasan Waisy Othman A. 
Published: April 2021

في الدول الديمقراطية ذات النظام البرلماني تؤلف الحكومات استناداً الى نتائج الانتخابات، كون الشعب هو مصدر السلطات كافة، والتنافس الانتخابي بين الفاعلين في اللعبة الديمقراطية هو الذي تبين الصورة الدستورية لتحديد أحقية الجهة التي يمكنها أن تمارس السلطة لفترة زمنية محددة. فالحزب الفائز يؤلف الحكومة لوحده أو وفقاً لائتلافات مع أحزاب أخرى، وذلك للحصول على نيل ثقة البرلمان، لأن الحكومة البرلمانية كا أصر عليه الفقهاء ليست الاّ المسؤولية الوزارية في أبعد مداها. وان كان هناك شروط بل وأسس متباينة لكيفية اختيار رئيس الحكومة وتشكيل الوزارة في النظم البرلمانية الا ان هذه العملية يجب ان تحاط بأسس دستورية وقانونية واضحة بعيدة عن اللبس والغموض والتفسير لكي لا يؤدي العملية الديمقراطية الى عدم الإستقرار السياسي والقانوني.
لا توجد هناك دقة وتفاصيل في القانون وكذلك في الممارسة العملية في اقليم كوردستان - العراق حول كيفية اختيار رئيس الحكومة وتشكيل الوزارة، وهناك تعديلات قانونية عديدة ولم توصل الى ما يجب ان تكون عليه، وذلك هو السبب الرئيسي في هذا البحث لكي يكون يبين القواعد الدستورية المفيدة بهذا الصددد والحيلولة دون افساح المجال أمام القواعد الغير مبررة بهذا الشأن.
تبني اسلوب محاسبة سجلات المفتوحة وتأثيره في دعم الاستراتيجيات التنافسية
Authors: Sabir Sardar A. , Sabir Rzgar A. , Ali Barzan O. 
Published: April 2021

تهدف الدراسة إلى طرح رؤية جديدة بشأن كيفية تبنّي أسلوب محاسبة السجلات المفتوحة (متغير مستقل)، وتحديد علاقات الارتباط والتأثير بينها وبين دعم الاستراتيجيات التنافسية الخمسة (استراتيجية قيادة التكلفة، استراتيجية التمايز، استراتيجية أفضل تكلفة، استراتيجية التركيز على تخفيض التكلفة، واستراتيجية التركيز على التمايز) (متغير تابع) للشركات الصناعية في إقليم كوردستان/العراق، إن زيادة اهتمام إدارة الشركات بتبني أسلوب محاسبة السجلات المفتوحة في دعم الاستراتيجيات التنافسية الخمسة يسهم في تحسين الواقع الحالي لعمل الشركة لتقديم منتجات تلبي متطلبات الزبائن، فضلاً عن أنها تتيح للشركة إمكانية البقاء والنمو في سوق يتميز بالتغيّر.
ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة اعتمد الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي والمسح الميداني للحصول على البيانات من مصادرها الرئيسة من خلال الاعتماد على استبانة تم تصميمها لغايات هذه الدراسة، وتم توزيعها على عينة من محاسبي ومدققي الشركات الصناعية في إقليم كوردستان، وتوصل البحث إلى وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين تبنّي أسلوب محاسبة السجلات المفتوحة ودعم الاستراتيجيات التنافسية الخمسة للشركات عينة البحث، فضلاً عن وجود تأثير معنوي لتطبيق أسلوب محاسبة السجلات المفتوحة في دعم الاستراتيجيات التنافسية الخمسة للشركات عينة البحث.
وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة توجّه الشركات الصناعية في إقليم كوردستان العراق إلى تبنّي أسلوب محاسبة السجلات المفتوحة للوصول إلى أعلى مستوى من: استراتيجية قيادة التكلفة، استراتيجية التمايز، استراتيجية أفضل تكلفة، استراتيجية التركيز على تخفيض التكلفة، واستراتيجية التركيز على التمايز و الوقت إلى أقل المستويات في سوق المنافسة.
Does Senior High School Strand Matter in Nursing Students’ Academic Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Performance?
Authors: Malaga Xerxes G. , Oducado Ryan Michael F. 
Published: April 2021

The Philippines recently adopted the K to 12 program in basic education. Under this program, students can choose their track and strand relative to their interests or career choices when they reach senior high school. However, issues surfaced when the K to 12 graduates were admitted to the college courses not aligned with the strand they have completed. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the difference in the academic self-regulated learning and performance of the STEM (Science and Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and non-STEM graduates in senior high school among freshmen nursing students in a city-subsidized college in the Philippines. The Academic Self-Regulation Learning Scale and grades of students in the first semester were used and analyzed in this study. Results showed that there was a significant difference in the academic self-regulated learning (p=0.045) and academic performance (p=0.000) of freshmen nursing students when grouped according to their senior high school strand. The STEM graduates had significantly higher academic self-regulated learning and academic performance than the non-STEM completers. Unfortunately, no significant relationship was established between academic self-regulated learning and academic performance (p=0.559). Students who are graduates of the STEM strand from senior high school appear to be better prepared to take up the nursing course. Colleges of nursing may consider the academic strand of students in senior high school when admitting students in the nursing program.
Sistem Kontrol Robot Sepak Bola Beroda menggunakan Finite State Machine (FSM)
Authors: SATRIYO MOHAMAD BINAWAN , ANAM KHAIRUL , NEGARA MOHAMMAD AGUNG PRAWIRA 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPerkembangan teknologi menuntut transisi alat yang berbasis manual menjadi otomatis. Hal ini tak terkecuali pada perkembangan robot, termasuk robot sepak bola. Robot ini mengalami perkembangan sangat pesat. Hal ini didukung dengan adanya Kontes Robot Sepak Bola Indonesia (KRSBI). Penelitian kali mengusulkan robot sepak bola beroda dengan omni-directional weel sebagai pergrakannya menggunakan Finite State Machine (FSM) sebagai metode kontrol untuk menjalankan misi yang ditentukan. Misi robot yang dikembangkan yaitu mencari bola (wander), mencari posisi lurus terhadap bola, mencari gawang, dan menendang bola. Robot ini menggunakan CMUCam5 sebagai sensor masukan untuk mendeteksi bola sebagai target bedasarkan warna dan jarak. Jarak yang digunakan yaitu antara 20 cm sampai 60 cm dengan sudut antara -40 derajat sampai 40 derajat dan intensitas cahaya antara 113 sampai 1213 lux. Implementasi FSM pada robot sepak bola beroda dengan 5 jenis percobaan mencapai tingkat keberhasilan yang bagus yaitu 86% dengan rata-rata waktu menjalankan misi 29.24 detik.Kata kunci: CMUCam5, Finite State Machine, Omni-directional wheel, Robot Sepak Bola ABSTRACTTechnological development demands a transition from manual to automatic tools. It includes soccer robots that have developed so rapidly. This development is supported by the Indonesian Football Robot Contest (KRSBI). This study proposes a wheeled soccer robot with Omni-directional weel as its movement using Finite State Machine (FSM) as a control to carry out the specified mission. The mission is wandering to seek the ball, looking for a straight position to the ball, looking for the goal, and kicking the ball. This robot uses CMUCam5 as an input to detect the ball as a target based on color and distance. The distance used is between 20-60 cm with an angle of -40 degree to 40 degree and light intensity between 113-1213 lux. The implementation of FSM on a wheeled soccer robot with five types of experiments achieved a good result of 86% with an average mission time of 29.24 seconds.Keywords: CMUCam5, Finite State Machine, Omni-directional weel, Wheeledsoccer robot
Pendeteksi Golongan Darah Manusia Berbasis Tensorflow menggunakan ESP32-CAM
Authors: GHIFARI HUMMAM GHASSAN , DARLIS DENNY , HARTAMAN ARIS 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPendeteksian golongan darah dilakukan untuk mengetahui golongan darah yang dimiliki. Hingga saat ini pendeteksian golongan darah masih dilakukan oleh petugas analis kesehatan menggunakan kemampuan mata manusia. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan alat pendeteksi golongan darah menggunakan ESP32-CAM. Alat ini menggunakan kamera OV2640 untuk menangkap citra, yang diproses menggunakan Tensorflow Object Detection API sebagai framework untuk melatih serta mengolah citra darah. Model latih akan digunakan pada kondisi pendeteksian langsung dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk jendela program golongan darah beserta tingkat akurasinya. Dalam penelitian ini pengujian dilakukan menggunakan 20 dataset dengan jarak pengukuran antara ESP32-CAM dengan citra golongan darah yaitu sejauh 20 cm. Hasil yang didapat selama pengujian mayoritas golongan darah yang dapat terdeteksi adalah golongan darah AB.Kata kunci: ESP32-CAM, Tensorflow, Python, Golongan Darah, Pengolahan Citra ABSTRACTBlood group detection is performed to determine the blood group. Currently, in detecting blood type, it still relies on the ability of the human eyeThis paper presents a human blood group detection device using ESP32-CAM. This tool uses ESP32-CAM to capture images, and the Tensorflow Object Detection API as a framework used to train and process an image. The way this tool works is that the ESP32-CAM will capture an image of the blood sample and then send it via the IP address. Through the IP Address, the python program will access the image, then the image will be processed based on a model that has been previously trained. The results of this processing will be displayed in the form of a window program along with the blood type and level of accuracy. In this study, testing was carried out based on the number of image samples, the number of datasets, and the measurement distance. The ideal measurement distance between the ESP32-CAM and the blood group image is 20 cm long. The results obtained during the testing of the majority of blood groups that can be detected are AB blood group.Keywords: ESP32-CAM, Tensorflow, Python, Blood Type, Image Processing
Pengaruh Native VLAN terhadap Overhead Trafik Data pada Jaringan LAN
Authors: NUGROHO KUKUH 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPenggunaan switch pada jaringan yang sudah menerapkan teknologi VLAN dapat membagi jaringan menjadi beberapa wilayah jaringan yang berbeda dimana proses ini sebelumnya hanya bisa dilakukan oleh router. Data yang dipertukarkan antar wilayah jaringan yang berbeda akan melewati jalur trunk yang menghubungkan antar perangkat switch. Proses penambahan header ke dalam data dilakukan perangkat switch sebelum diteruskan melewati jalur trunk. Namun proses tersebut akan menambah overhead (beban trafik tambahan) dari setiap data yang dilewatkan pada jalur trunk. Produk switch dari Cisco memiliki fasilitas yang dinamakan sebagai native VLAN. Apabila asal wilayah VLAN dari data yang dilewatkan pada jalur trunk sama dengan informasi native VLAN yang tersimpan pada perangkat switch, maka data tersebut tidak perlu ditambahkan header disaat ingin dilewatkan jalur trunk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh penggunaan native VLAN dalam mengurangi beban trafik jaringan pada jalur trunk. Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan penggunaan native VLAN dapat mengurangi beban overhead trafik data sebesar 4,77%.Kata kunci: VLAN, Native VLAN, Trunk, Jaringan LAN, Overhead Trafik ABSTRACTThe use of switches in the switch network with implementing VLAN technology can divide a network into several different networks that previously just be done with a router. The data that is exchanged among different networks will pass the trunk link that connects between switches. The process of adding a header within data is done by a switch before entering that data into the trunk link. However, that process will increase overhead traffic (additional traffic load) within each data that passed on the trunk link. Cisco's switches have a facility known as native VLAN. If the origin of the data's VLAN area that will be passed on the trunk link is the same as native VLAN information, then the data will not add with a header when will pass on the trunk link. This research will analyze the effect of using native VLAN in reducing overload data traffic on the trunk link. The test result shows that the use of native VLAN can reduce data traffic overhead by 4.77%.Keywords: VLANs, Native VLANs, Trunk Link, Switch Network, Overhead Traffic
Perbandingan Kinerja Pengontrol PID menggunakan Antarmuka OPC pada PLC dan MATLAB untuk Sistem Pasteurisasi Susu
Authors: MAULANA YULIAN ZETTA , PUJIHARSONO HERRYAWAN 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPLC digunakan pada pengontrolan suhu pada pasteurisasi susu. Di sisi lain, MATLAB memiliki variasi pengontrol yang lebih luas dan dapat terhubung ke sistem Pasteurisasi Susu menggunakan OPC. Namun, penggunaan OPC dikhawatirkan akan menurunkan kinerja sistem karena waktu tunda dan waktu sampling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kinerja pengontrolan PID pada sistem pasteurisasi susu dari MATLAB dan PLC dengan memperhatikan pengaruh antarmuka OPC. Pada penelitian ini, kinerja peralihan sistem diukur dengan pengontrol yang berbeda, menggunakan metode penalaan yang berbeda dan berasal dari PLC dan MATLAB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan OPC tidak memberikan efek negatif pada kinerja sistem. Nilai rata-rata MSE setelah keadaan stabil pada pengontrol PI adalah 70,66 sedangkan pada pengontrol PID 1,16. Nilai MSE Pengontrol PID dengan Penalaan Cohen Coon adalah 0,356. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemilihan piranti pengontrol lebih memiliki efek signifikan terhadap kinerja dibandingkan dengan penggunaan OPC.Kata kunci: Pasteurisasi, Cohen Coon, PLC, MATLAB, OPC ABSTRACTPLC can be used to control temperature in milk pasteurization process. MATLAB has more usable Controllers that can be used in milk pasteurization process through OPC .The concern is that the use of OPC will reduce system performance due to delay and sampling time. This study aims to compare the performance of PID control in the milk pasteurization system usingMATLAB and PLC as controllersregarding the effect of using OPC interfaces. In this research, the transient response performance of the system was measured using different type of controllers, twhich use different tuning methods based on PLC and MATLAB. The results showed that the use of OPC did not have a negative effect on system performance. The MSE average in a steady condition for PI controller is 70,66, and for PID controller is 1,16. MSE result using Cohen Coon controller is 0,356. So it can be concluded that the choice of the control device has a more significant effect on performance than with the use of OPC.Keywords: Pasteurization, Cohen Coon, PLC, MATLAB, OPC
Analisis Performansi Multi User Detection pada Kanal NLOS untuk Sistem NOMA-VLC
Authors: PRATAMA BIMA SURYA , ADRIANSYAH NACHWAN MUFTI , PAMUKTI BRIAN 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKNon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), mulai diteliti untuk dapat digunakan sebagai teknik multiple access yang efektif pada jaringan 5G karena teknik ini dapat menghemat bandwidth modulasi. Pada penelitian ini, NOMA diterapkan untuk sistem downlink Visible Light Communivation (VLC). Kami telah melakukan analisis performansi Multi-User Detection (MUD) pada kanal propagasi Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) dengan mempertimbangkan efek reflektor dan efek bayangan (shadowing). Kami juga mempertimbangkan teknik MUD yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Succesive Interference Cancellation (SIC). Setelah simulasi yang ekstensif, kami menemukan bahwa dengan penerapan SIC sebagai MUD pada sistem NOMA-VLC lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tanpa NOMA. Selain itu, kami juga memperoleh peningkatan data rate sebesar 72 %.Kata kunci: VLC, NOMA, NLOS, MUD, Optical Wireless Communication. ABSTRACTNon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), began to be studied to be used as an effective multiple access technique on 5G networks because this technique can save modulation bandwidth. In this research, NOMA is applied to the Visible Light Communivation (VLC) downlink system. We have performed a Multi-User Detection (MUD) performance analysis on Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) propagation channels by considering the reflector and shadowing effects. We also consider the MUD technique used in this study, namely Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC). After extensive simulations, we found that the application of SIC as MUD to the NOMA-VLC system is better than without NOMA. In addition, we also achieve an increase in data rate of 72%.Keywords: VLC, NOMA, NLOS, MUD, Optical Wireless Communication.
A Study on the Self-Sustaining Solar Module by Utilizing Solar Cell from Non-Degradable Waste
Authors: Mohd Jamal Farah Aina , Jamaludin Juliza , Raisin Syarfa Najihah , Naeem Bushra 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTPresently, Malaysia is fostering growth in the green energy sector in order to reduce its carbon emissions and contribute in the fight against global warming. Renewable Energy (RE) such as solar cell could no longer be considered as a green technology because at the end of their lifecycle, they become non- biodegradable waste which in turn constitutes pollution and contributes to global warming. Thus, the aim of this research is to study a self-sustaining solar module produced by upcycling solar cells from non- biodegradable waste. Several solar cells from electronic devices were reused in this study. The results obtained show that a combination of 4V, 3V and 2V reused solar cells produced 10.20V and 47.9mW of power. This indicates that the proposed upcycled solar module is feasible and has the potential to aid in the promotion of clean and renewable energy use in order to attain the desired sustainable development goals.Keywords: solar module, self-sustaining, solar cell, non-degradable waste