bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MINLP formulations for continuous piecewise linear function fitting
Authors: Goldberg Noam , Rebennack Steffen , Kim Youngdae , Krasko Vitaliy , Leyffer Sven 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider a nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model proposed by Goldberg et al. (Comput Optim Appl 58:523–541, 2014. 10.1007/s10589-014-9647-y) for piecewise linear function fitting. We show that this MINLP model is incomplete and can result in a piecewise linear curve that is not the graph of a function, because it misses a set of necessary constraints. We provide two counterexamples to illustrate this effect, and propose three alternative models that correct this behavior. We investigate the theoretical relationship between these models and evaluate their computational performance.
Clinical value of a screening tool for tumor predisposition syndromes in childhood cancer patients (TuPS): a prospective, observational, multi-center study
Authors: Postema Floor A. M. , Hopman Saskia M. J. , de Borgie Corianne A. J. M. , Aalfs Cora M. , Anninga Jakob K. , Berger Lieke P. V. , Bleeker Fonnet E. , Dommering Charlotte J. , van Eijkelenburg Natasha K. A. , Hammond Peter , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Hol Janna A. , Kors Wijnanda A. , Letteboer Tom G. W. , Loeffen Jan L. C. M. , Meijer Lisethe , Olderode-Berends Maran J. W. , Wagner Anja , Hennekam Raoul C. , Merks Johannes H. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecognizing a tumor predisposition syndrome (TPS) in a child with cancer is of clinical relevance. Earlier we developed a screening tool to increase diagnostic accuracy and clinical efficiency of identifying TPSs in children with cancer. Here we report on the value of this tool in clinical practice. TuPS is a prospective, observational, multi-center study including children newly diagnosed with cancer from 2016 to 2019 in the Netherlands. Children in whom a TPS had been diagnosed before the cancer diagnosis were excluded. The screening tool consists of a checklist, 2D and 3D photographic series and digital assessment of these by a clinical geneticist. If a TPS was suspected, the patient was assessed positive and referred for routine genetic consultation. Primary aim was to assess the clinical value of this new screening tool. Of the 363 included patients, 57% (208/363) were assessed positive. In 15% of patients (32/208), the 2D photographic series with (n = 12) or without (n = 20) 3D photographs were decisive in the positive assessment. In 2% (4/208) of positive assessed patients, a TPS was diagnosed, and in an additional 2% (4/208) a germline variant of uncertain significance was found. Thirty-five negatively assessed patients were evaluated through routine genetic consultation as controls, in none a TPS was detected. Using the screening tool, 57% of the patients were assessed as suspected for having a TPS. No false negative results were identified in the negative control group in the clinical care setting. The observed prevalence of TPS was lower than expected, due to selection bias in the cohort.
MOCVD growth of gallium and indium microparticles for SERS applications
Authors: Dumiszewska Ewa , Caban Piotr , Jóźwik Iwona , Ciepielewski Paweł , Baranowski Jacek M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe MOCVD growth of Ga and In microparticles was performed on graphene/SiC substrates. The test of effectiveness of the microparticles grown for SERS was based on the observation of H–Si vibrations on hydrogenated graphene grown on SiC. It was shown by scanning electron microscopy that the Ga or In microparticles grown were in the form of hemispheres with a flat side attached to the substrate. Raman measurements have shown that the effective H–Si SERS signal arises at the edges of the hemisphere microparticles. In addition, it was found that Ga or In microparticles are covered by GaAs or InAs shells, respectively. The presence of GaAs and InAs coverage of metallic microparticles arises from the As contamination of the MOCVD system used for III–V compound growth. However, these coverages do not significantly affect the surface plasmons resonance in the metallic microparticles.
Protein Analysis of Pollen Tubes after the Treatments of Membrane Trafficking Inhibitors Gains Insights on Molecular Mechanism Underlying Pollen Tube Polar Growth
Authors: Scali Monica , Moscatelli Alessandra , Bini Luca , Onelli Elisabetta , Vignani Rita , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pollen tube elongation is characterized by a highly-polarized tip growth process dependent on an efficient vesicular transport system and largely mobilized by actin cytoskeleton. Pollen tubes are an ideal model system to study exocytosis, endocytosis, membrane recycling, and signaling network coordinating cellular processes, structural organization and vesicular trafficking activities required for tip growth. Proteomic analysis was applied to identify Nicotiana tabacum Differentially Abundant Proteins (DAPs) after in vitro pollen tube treatment with membrane trafficking inhibitors Brefeldin A, Ikarugamycin and Wortmannin. Among roughly 360 proteins separated in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, a total of 40 spots visibly changing between treated and control samples were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and LC–ESI–MS/MS analysis. The identified proteins were classified according to biological processes, and most proteins were related to pollen tube energy metabolism, including ammino acid synthesis and lipid metabolism, structural features of pollen tube growth as well modification and actin cytoskeleton organization, stress response, and protein degradation. In-depth analysis of proteins corresponding to energy-related pathways revealed the male gametophyte to be a reliable model of energy reservoir and dynamics.
Free energy asymptotics of the quantum Heisenberg spin chain
Authors: Napiórkowski Marcin , Seiringer Robert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider the ferromagnetic quantum Heisenberg model in one dimension, for any spin $$S\ge 1/2$$

S
≥
1
/
2

. We give upper and lower bounds on the free energy, proving that at low temperature it is asymptotically equal to the one of an ideal Bose gas of magnons, as predicted by the spin-wave approximation. The trial state used in the upper bound yields an analogous estimate also in the case of two spatial dimensions, which is believed to be sharp at low temperature.
Catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles deposited on N-doped carbon-based supports in oxidation of glucose and arabinose mixtures
Authors: Franz Sebastian , Shcherban Nataliya D. , Bezverkhyy Igor , Sergiienko Sergii A. , Simakova Irina L. , Salmi Tapio , Murzin Dmitry Yu. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOxidation of a mixture of glucose and arabinose over Au particles deposited on porous carbons, N-doped carbons and carbon nitrides was investigated at 70 °C, under constant pH of 8, and oxygen partial pressure 0.125 atm. In particular, Au deposited on nitrogen-containing carbon-based mesoporous structures demonstrated activity in the oxidation of the sugars to the corresponding aldonic acids higher than gold deposited on undoped carbon supports (conversion of glucose up to ca. 60%, arabinose–ca. 30% after 200 min). The results can be explained by the basic nature of the supports leading to an increase in the polarity of the carbon surface and the oxygen activation. Glucuronic acid (with selectivity ca. 10–93.5%) together with gluconic acid was formed as a result of glucose oxidation, while arabinose was selectively oxidized to arabinonic acid.
Latent Infection by Clavibacter sepedonicus and Correlation with Ring Rot Symptoms Development in Potato Cultivars
Authors: Gryń G. , Franke K. , Nowakowski M. M. , Nowakowski M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the response of potato cultivars toClavibacter sepedonicus(Cs) infection in a field experiment. The research focused on the infection in a latent form as it is a risk for unnoticed spread. A total of 18 cultivars were tested in the years 2013–2016. Symptoms of the disease were observed on the leaves during growth and in tubers after harvest and after storage. The infection incidence was determined by microscopic observation of leaf and tuber samples stained by the IFAS method. A diverse response of potato cultivars to Cs infection was found. The lowest number of asymptomatic infected plants was found in cultivars ‘Vineta’, ‘Bila’ and ‘Irga’. As for cultivar ‘Stasia’, the entire tuber yield was latently infected by Cs. A low or medium concentration of Cs cells in leaves did not change significantly or increased depending on the potato cultivar. A higher incidence of tubers with disease symptoms was found after the storage period. In eight of the cultivars tested, the level of tuber infection by Cs confirmed microscopically after harvest was significantly correlated with the occurrence of disease symptoms in tubers after the storage period.
Urban–rural linkages: effective solutions for achieving sustainable development in Ghana from an SDG interlinkage perspective
Authors: Baffoe Gideon , Zhou Xin , Moinuddin Mustafa , Somanje Albert Novas , Kuriyama Akihisa , Mohan Geetha , Saito Osamu , Takeuchi Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUrbanization and concomitant challenges pose a great threat to sustainable development. Urban and rural development interacts through the flows of people, materials, energy, goods, capital, and information. Without building sound urban–rural linkages, achieving development in one area could compromise it in another area. Achieving sustainable development needs customized policy prioritization and implementation in both urban and rural areas. Much literature exists in the research field of urban–rural linkages, but little has been done via a comprehensive analysis from an interlinkage perspective in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainable Development Goal 11 on sustainable cities and several targets embedded under other Goals provides a good framework for analyzing the urban–rural linkages. This paper contributes to this novel research perspective using Ghana as a case. The study applied an integrated approach by combining the results from a solution-scanning exercise with an SDG interlinkage analysis to identify the challenges and priority solutions and assess the synergies and trade-offs of the identified solutions. It extends the conventional solution-scanning approach by further assessing the synergies and trade-offs of the solutions from an SDG interlinkage perspective. It also enables a more practical SDG interlinkage analysis through the contributions from the multi-stakeholder consultations conducted in Ghana. The analyses show that prioritizing gender inclusion (Goal 5) will positively affect many social and well-being outcomes, including poverty elimination (Goal 1), hunger reduction (Goal 2), health improvement (Goal 3) and access to quality education (Goal 4) and basic services, such as water (Goal 6). However, gender inclusion could have potential trade-offs in the agricultural sector (Goal 2) in the case that women who dominate agricultural value chains could move to work in other sectors. Lack of proper infrastructure (Goal 9), such as transport, will hinder wide gender inclusion. An integrated approach that considers both the synergies and trade-offs of relevant solutions is critical for effective policymaking, specifically in developing countries.
On the Relation Between Pressing Energy and Green Strength at Compaction of Hard Metal Powders
Authors: Salmi Kristin , Staf Hjalmar , Larsson Per-Lennart 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe relation between pressing energy and green strength is examined experimentally and numerically using a commercially available design of experiment (DOE) software, at compaction of five hard metal powder materials. This is of substantial practical importance, in particular at pressing of complicated geometries when high values on the green strength is necessary. The compaction energy is here experimentally determined at uniaxial compaction of a cylindrical die, filled with powder material, by measuring punch force and compression. The corresponding measurements of the resulting green strength are performed using standard three-point bend (3PB) testing. The statistical analysis of the results shows that the relation between the two properties, pressing energy and green strength, is very close to a linear fit with the coefficient of determination R2 taking on the value 0.92. This suggests that the pressing energy is an important quantity for reaching a target value on the green strength and the linear relation is certainly convenient in particular when compaction of similar materials is at issue. In parallel with the experimental work finite element calculations are performed in order to evaluate the effect from friction between the powder and the die wall, and it was found that this feature has a limited effect on the pressing energy when similar materials are at issue and is not detrimental for the usefulness of the present correlation approach.
A simulation-based pilot study of crisis checklists in the emergency department
Authors: Knoche Beatrice Billur , Busche Caroline , Grodd Marlon , Busch Hans-Jörg , Lienkamp Soeren Sten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChecklists can improve adherence to standardized procedures and minimize human error. We aimed to test if implementation of a checklist was feasible and effective in enhancing patient care in an emergency department handling internal medicine cases. We developed four critical event checklists and confronted volunteer teams with a series of four simulated emergency scenarios. In two scenarios, the teams were provided access to the crisis checklists in a randomized cross-over design. Simulated patient outcome plus statement of the underlying diagnosis defined the primary endpoint and adherence to key processes such as time to commence CPR represented the secondary endpoints. A questionnaire was used to capture participants’ perception of clinical relevance and manageability of the checklists. Six teams of four volunteers completed a total of 24 crisis sequences. The primary endpoint was reached in 8 out of 12 sequences with and in 2 out of 12 sequences without a checklist (Odds ratio, 10; CI 1.11, 123.43; p = 0.03607, Fisher’s exact test). Adherence to critical steps was significantly higher in all scenarios for which a checklist was available (performance score of 56.3% without checklist, 81.9% with checklist, p = 0.00284, linear regression model). All participants rated the checklist as useful and 22 of 24 participants would use the checklist in real life. Checklist use had no influence on CPR quality. The use of context-specific checklists showed a statistically significant influence on team performance and simulated patient outcome and contributed to adherence to standard clinical practices in emergency situations.
Necessary Suffering and Lewisian Theism
Authors: Collier Matthew James 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOne can readily conceive of worlds of horrendous, gratuitous suffering. Moreover, such worlds seem possible. For classical theists, however, God, amongst other things, is perfectly good. So, the question arises: for classical theists are such evil worlds possible? Many classical theists have said no. This is the modal problem of evil. Herein, I discuss a related problem: the problem of evil worlds for Lewisian theism. Lewisian theism is the conjunction of Lewis’s modal realism and classical theism, and a leading Lewisian theist, Almeida, thinks that Lewisian theists should admit the existence of on-balance evil worlds. I do not. Herein, I present a dilemma for Almeida: either give up God’s sovereignty and the reductionist account of modality or make God blameworthy for evil.
Fergus Shanahan: The language of illness
Authors: Tormey William P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract"The language of illness" is a wide ranging exploration of the therapeutic medical process - where it goes right and where is misfires. Communication and empathy are core values explored in the detail exemplifying the art of medicine along side the science. There is a deep seated wisdom and sympathetic philosophy within its pages which is very valuable for the healing and caring professions.
On the relations of general homogeneous spaces and the two-wavelet localization operators
Authors: Sajadi Rad Olya Dokht , Kamyabi Gol Rajab Ali , Esmaeelzadeh Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this note, the two-wavelet localization operator for square integrable representation of a general homogeneous space is defined. Then among other things, the boundedness properties of this operator is investigated. In particular, it is shown that it is in the Schatten p-class.
Uvula Manipulation and Resonance (UMAR) Treatment for Puberphonia
Authors: Kumaresan Muthiah , Kumaresan Navin Bharath , Elangovan Parameswaren Darling 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOtolaryngologists and speech therapist can be experts in managing specific puberphonia lesions to improve voice. However, not all voice problems have lesions amenable to surgical or medical therapies. Many are associated with maladaptive speech behaviors. We may employ a variety of techniques to improve vocal quality and function in patients with and without structural or neurologic laryngeal pathology. There is an alarming increase in cases of puberphonia and it’s after effects. Otolaryngologists can partner to manage a constellation of puberphonia voice problems with directed voice evaluation and therapy. We, in a small Otorhinolarygolist center in a small city, Chennai has registered and treated 600 cases of puberphonia. We are able to register the devastating problems of puberphonia. Regarding the treatment of puberphonia, in which laryngeal massage, outside the neck, is consistently highlighted as being an effective therapy technique for treating it. In addition, there have been several individual studies conducted to examine the effectiveness of laryngo pharyngeal manipulation inside the vocal tract, which also yielded positive results. A basic review of UMAR techniques and this partnership with yoga breathing trainers is presented which give almost immediate low pitch speech and give a good follow up.
Laser Surface Texturing to Realize Micro-grids on DLC Coating: Effect of Marking Speed, Power, and Loop Cycle
Authors: Giorleo L. , Montesano L. , La Vecchia G. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present study, laser surface texturing was tested with the aim of improving the tribological properties of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating. Two experimental campaigns were designed to realize different micro-grids, and to study the effect of marking speed, laser power, and loop cycle. The grid profiles obtained were analyzed using a digital microscope and a laser probe system to measure the track cross section. At the end of the experiments, the authors identified a good-quality track obtained by imposing a marking speed of 300 mm/s, a power of 0.5 W, and one loop cycle. For the identified condition, the presence of defects (such as cracks) on both the coated surface and at the substrate/coating interface was analyzed. Furthermore, the coating nanohardness, adhesion to the substrate, and wear behavior in dry condition were investigated. The results underline how laser texturing can improve the DLC wear behavior (wear tracks lower than 30%) without considerably affecting the other tested coating properties.
Short-term Focused Attention Meditation Restricts the Retrieval of Stimulus-Response Bindings to Relevant Information
Authors: Ullrich Sarah , Colzato Lorenza S , Wolff Nicole , Beste Christian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Goal-direct actions require integrating processing of stimuli and responses, which is why close stimulus-response bindings have to be created. However, the strength of these bindings can be modified. The metacontrol state model (MSM) hypothesizes that this can be achieved through mindfulness meditation. Yet, the cognitive processes underlying possible effects of meditation on S-R bindings remain unexplored.

Methods
We examined the effects of a brief bout of focused attention (FA) meditation on S-R bindings using a standard event file task measuring S-R bindings. This was done in a within-subject (crossover) design, where each participant (novice to meditation) was examined at two separate appointments (with and without meditation before the task).

Results
We found that 15 min of a single bout of FA meditation was enough to restrict the retrieval of S-R bindings to relevant information as indexed by decreased partial overlap costs.

Conclusion
These findings support the MSM framework suggesting that FA meditation induces a top-down biasing of processes toward cognitive persistence. Importantly, however, the effects of FA meditation were only evident when there was prior experience with the task. This shows close similarities to effects in pharmacological and brain stimulation studies and suggests that FA meditation modulates gain control principles in information processing. Moreover, effects of FA meditation were restricted in its duration since FA meditation modulated the retrieval of S-R bindings only in the early phases of the event file task. In novices, effects of short-term FA meditation are thus relatively fragile and only induce some finer adjustments in processing strategy.
Analysis of rotorcraft wind turbine wake encounters using piloted simulation
Authors: Štrbac Alexander , Martini Tanja , Greiwe Daniel H. , Hoffmann Frauke , Jones Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe use of offshore wind farms in Europe to provide a sustainable alternative energy source is now considered normal. Particularly in the North Sea, a large number of wind farms exist with a significant distance from the coast. This is becoming standard practice as larger areas are required to support operations. Efficient transport and monitoring of these wind farms can only be conducted using helicopters. As wind turbines continue to grow in size, there is a need to continuously update operational requirements for these helicopters, to ensure safe operations. This study assesses German regulations for flight corridors within offshore wind farms. A semi-empirical wind turbine wake model is used to generate velocity data for the research flight simulator AVES. The reference offshore wind turbine NREL 5 MW has been used and scaled to represent wind turbine of different sizes. This paper reports result from a simulation study concerning vortex wake encounter during offshore operations. The results have been obtained through piloted simulation for a transport case through a wind farm. Both subjective and objective measures are used to assess the severity of vortex wake encounters.
Shaping more resilient and just food systems: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sanderson Bellamy Angelina , Furness Ella , Nicol Poppy , Pitt Hannah , Taherzadeh Alice 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted weaknesses in global food systems, as well as opening windows of opportunity for innovation and transformation. While the nature and extent of this crisis is rare, extreme climatic events will increase in magnitude and frequency, threatening similar societal impacts. It is therefore critical to identify mechanisms for developing food systems that are resilient to such impacts. We examine impacts of the crisis on UK food systems and how these further entrenched social inequalities. We present data on the experiences and actions of producers, consumers, and community organisers. The data were collected by adapting ongoing research to include surveys, interviews and online workshops focused on the pandemic. Actors’ responses to the pandemic foreshadow how enduring change to food systems can be achieved. We identify support required to enable these transformations and argue that it is vital that these opportunities are embedded in food justice principles which promote people-centred approaches to avoid exacerbating injustices prevalent pre-crisis. Learning from these experiences therefore provides insights for how to make food systems elsewhere more resilient and just.