bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The need for additional mental health support for women in the postpartum period in the times of epidemic crisis
Authors: Chrzan-Dętkoś Magdalena , Walczak-Kozłowska Tamara Zofia , Lipowska Małgorzata 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: This retrospective study aimed to identify possible intensification of mental health difficulties among women seeking support in the postpartum period during the epidemic state in Poland. We assumed that the epidemic crisis, social isolation, and restrictions in hospitals which affect pregnant and postpartum women - lack of family labors, lack of the possibility to be with the newborn when he/she is hospitalized, may increase fear and reduce psychosocial resources of women, hinder their normal process of transition to motherhood and thus contribute to the intensified severity of depressive symptoms.Methods: The study participants were women seeking support at the on-line platform of the project ‘Next Stop: Mum’, which is a part of the postpartum depression prevention’s program implemented by the Ministry of Health in Poland, and enables remote self-screening for the severity of the postpartum depression symptoms with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale developed by Cox and collaborators. The analyzed data in this study were obtained from 139 women: 61 filled forms from October 1 - November 10, 2019 (non-epidemic period), and 78 filled forms from February 20 - March 30 (beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic), 2020.Results: A statistically significant difference in the severity of postpartum depression symptoms were observed among women making a self-assessment with EPDS scale at the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland (M = 15.71; SD = 6.23), compared to the pre-epidemic neutral period (M = 13.56; SD = 6.46).Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the epidemic crisis may be associated with an increased need for additional caution and support of women's mental health in the postpartum period. We believe that recommendations for medical staff, policy, and families of women struggling with postpartum depression symptoms during crisis should be widespread as the second wave of COVID-19 disease may develop in the autumn-winter 2020 and spring 2021.
Mitotic arrest affects clustering of tumor cells
Authors: Bonnet Julia , Rigal Lise , Mondesert Odile , Morin Renaud , Corsaut Gaelle , Vigneau Mathieu , Ducommun Bernard , Lobjois Valerie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Cancer cell aggregation is a key process involved in the formation of tumor cell clusters. It has recently been shown that clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have an increased metastatic potential compared to isolated circulating tumor cells. Several widely used chemotherapeutic agents that target the cytoskeleton microtubules and cause cell cycle arrest at mitosis have been reported to modulate CTC number or the size of CTC clusters. Results In this study, we investigated in vitro the impact of mitotic arrest on the ability of breast tumor cells to form clusters. By using live imaging and quantitative image analysis, we found that MCF-7 cancer cell aggregation is compromised upon incubation with paclitaxel or vinorelbine, two chemotherapeutic drugs that target microtubules. In line with these results, we observed that MCF-7 breast cancer cells experimentally synchronized and blocked in metaphase aggregated poorly and formed loose clusters. To monitor clustering at the single-cell scale, we next developed and validated an in vitro assay based on live video-microscopy and custom-designed micro-devices. The study of cluster formation from MCF-7 cells that express the fluorescent marker LifeAct-mCherry using this new assay allowed showing that substrate anchorage-independent clustering of MCF-7 cells was associated with the formation of actin-dependent highly dynamic cell protrusions. Metaphase-synchronized and blocked cells did not display such protrusions, and formed very loose clusters that failed to compact. Conclusions Altogether, our results suggest that mitotic arrest induced by microtubule-targeting anticancer drugs prevents cancer cell clustering and therefore, could reduce the metastatic potential of circulating tumor cells.
Serum levels of bone formation and resorption markers in relation to vitamin D status in professional gymnastics and physically active men during upper and lower body high-intensity exercise
Authors: Mieszkowski Jan , Kochanowicz Andrzej , Piskorska Elżbieta , Niespodziński Bartłomiej , Siódmiak Joanna , Buśko Krzysztof , Olszewska-Słonina Dorota , Antosiewicz Jedrzej 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose/Introduction: To compare serum levels of bone turnover markers in athletes and non-athletes, and to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and exercise-induced changes in biomarker levels. Methods: Sixteen elite male artistic gymnasts (EG; 21.4 ± 0.8 years-old) and 16 physically active men (the control group, PAM; 20.9 ± 1.2 years-old) performed lower and upper body 30-s Wingate anaerobic tests (LBWT and UBWT, respectively). For biomarker analysis, blood samples were collected before, and 5 and 30 min after exercise. Samples for vitamin D levels were collected before exercise. N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP) was analysed as a marker of bone formation. C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) was analysed as a marker of bone resorption.Results: UBWT fitness readings were better in the EG group than in the PAM group, with no difference in LBWT readings between the groups. UBWT mean power was 8.8% higher in subjects with 25(OH)D3 levels over 22.50 ng/ml and in those with 24,25(OH)2D3 levels over 1.27 ng/ml. Serum CTX levels increased after both tests in the PAM group, with no change in the EG group. PINP levels did not change in either group; however, in PAM subjects with 25(OH)D3 levels above the median, they were higher than those in EG subjects. Conclusion: Vitamin D metabolites affect the anaerobic performance and bone turnover markers at rest and after exercise. Further, adaptation to physical activity modulates the effect of anaerobic exercise on bone metabolism markers.
Clinical features of anti-synthetase syndrome associated interstitial lung disease: a retrospective cohort in China
Authors: Zhan Xi , Wei YAN , Ying WANG , Qing LI , Xuhua SHI , Yanli GAO , Qiao YE 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAnti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by antibodies directed against an aminoacycl transfer RNA synthetase (ARS) along with a group of clinical features including the classical clinical triad: inflammatory myopathy, arthritis, and interstitial lung disease (ILD). ASSD is highly heterogenous due to different organ involvement, and ILD is the main cause of mortality and function loss, which presents as different patterns when diagnosed. We designed this retrospective cohort to describe the clinical features and disease behaviour of ASSD associated ILD. MethodsData of 108 cases of ASSD associated ILD were retrospectively collected in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from 2017.12 to 2019.3. Data were obtained from the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to distinct aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (ARS) antibodies. Results:Overall, 108 consecutive patients were recruited. 33 were JO-1 positive,30 were PL-7 positive,23 were EJ positive, 13 were PL12 positive and 9were OJ positive. The JO-1 group had a significant higher rate of mechanic’s hand (57.6%) than other 4 groups. Polymyositis/ dermatomyositis (PM/DM) was diagnosed in 25 (23.1%) patients and no difference was observed among the 5 groups. The anti-PL7 positive group had a higher frequency of UIP pattern (13.3%) than the other 4 groups but the difference was not significant, and the EJ group had the most frequent OP pattern(78.2%), which was significantly higher than the PL-7 (P<0.001) and PL-12 groups (P=0.025). The median follow-up time was 10.7 months, during which no patients died. All received prednisone treatment, with or without immunosuppressants. At the 6-month-follow up, 96.3% of all patients (104/108) had a positive response to therapy, the JO-1 and EJ groups had a significantly higher improvement of forced vital capacity than the other 3 groups (P<0.05), and the PL-7 group had the lowest FVC improvement (P<0.05). The anti-JO1-positive group and anti-EJ-positive group had significantly higher anti-RO52-positive occurrence than the other 3 groups (P<0.05).ConclusionAnti PL-7 antibody had the same frequency as anti-JO1 in ASSD-ILD, in which the ILD pattern was different with distinct anti-ARS antibodies. Most ASSD-ILD had a positive response to steroid therapies, with or without immunosuppressants. The PL-7 group had the highest occurrence of UIP pattern, and a significantly lower response to therapy.
One-year Outcomes of Fixed-Dosing Aflibercept Therapy for pre treated and naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy patient
Authors: Choo Hun Gu , Lee Jin Hae , Oh Hyun Sub , You Yong Sung , Kim Soon Hyun , Kwon Oh Woong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a type of age-related macular degeneration that can cause permanent vision loss. The purpose of this paper was to report the one-year outcomes of fixed-dosing aflibercept therapy for the treatment of PCV.Methods: This was a prospective, single-arm, interventional case series study of 25 PCV patients; 12 pre-treated and 13 treatment-naïve patients. The patients were treated and monitored for 12 months. Each patient was administered with an aflibercept (2.0 mg) injection every month for the first three months (the loading phase), and thereafter, once every two months. At every follow-up visit, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) test, fundus examination, and optical coherence tomography for measuring the central subfield macular thickness (CSMT) were performed. Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography were conducted at baseline and at 4 and 12 months.Results: After 12 months of aflibercept therapy, the mean BCVA of the patients significantly improved from 65.48 letters at baseline to 69.91 letters (p=0.001), and the CSMT significantly decreased from 406.92 um at baseline to 276.12 um (p<0.001). Additionally, ten patients (40%) showed complete polyp regression. The treatment-naïve patients showed a statistically significant improvement in BCVA from 66.58 letters at baseline to 76.36 letters at 12 months, and a significant decrease in CSMT, from 462 to 243 um. In the pre-treated group, there was no change in BCVA (64.46 letters), and the decrease in CSMT from 356.08 to 303.69 um was not statistically significant.Conclusions: The fixed-dosing aflibercept regimen is effective for treating patients with PCV and is more effective in treatment-naïve patients than in pre-treated patients.
Hydrolysis pattern analysis of xylem tissues of woody plants pretreated with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid: Rapid saccharification of softwood for economical bioconversion
Authors: Lee Dae-Seok , Lee Yoon-Gyo , Cho Eun Jin , Song Younho , Bae Hyeun-Jong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Woody plants with high glucose content are alternative bioresources for the production of biofuels and biochemicals. Various pretreatment methods may be used to reduce the effects of retardation factors such as lignin interference and cellulose structural recalcitrance on the degradation of the lignocellulose material of woody plants. Results: A hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC) pretreatment was used to reduce the lignin content of several types of woody plants, and the effect of the cellulose structural recalcitrance on the enzymatic hydrolysis was analyzed. The cellulose structural recalcitrance and the degradation patterns of the wood fibers in the xylem tissues of Quercus acutissima (hardwood) resulted in greater retardation in the enzymatic saccharification than those in the tracheids of Pinus densiflora (softwood). In addition to the HPAC pretreatment, the application of supplementary enzymes (7.5 FPU cellulase for 24 h) further increased the hydrolysis rate of P. densiflora from 61.42% to 91.94% whereas the same effect was not observed for Q. acutissima. It was also observed that endoxylanase synergism significantly affected the hydrolysis of P. densiflora. However, this synergistic effect was lower for other supplementary enzymes. The maximum concentration of the reducing sugars produced from 10% softwood was 89.17 g L-1 after 36 h of hydrolysis with 15 FPU cellulase and other supplementary enzymes. Approximately 80 mg mL-1 of reducing sugars was produced with the addition of 7.5 FPU cellulase and other supplementary enzymes after 36 hours, achieving rapid saccharification. Conclusion: HPAC pretreatment removed the interference of lignin, reduced structural recalcitrance of cellulose in the P. densiflora, and enabled rapid saccharification of the woody plants including a high concentration of insoluble substrates with only low amounts of cellulase. HPAC pretreatment may be a viable alternative for the cost-efficient production of biofuels or biochemicals from softwood plant tissues.
Allogeneic Human Neural Stem Cells for Improved Therapeutic Delivery to Peritoneal Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Batalla-Covello Jennifer , Abidi Wafa , Ngai Hoi Wa , Hyde Caitlyn , Machado Diana , Majid Asma Abdul , Kang Yanan , Hammad Mohamed , Flores Linda , Copeland Gregory , Dellinger Thanh , Han Ernest , Berlin Jacob , Aboody Karen , Mooney Rachael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Immortalized, clonal HB1.F3.CD21 human neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs), loaded with therapeutic cargo prior to intraperitoneal (IP) injection, have been shown to improve the delivery and efficacy of therapeutic agents in pre-clinical models of stage III ovarian cancer. In previous studies, the distribution and efficacy of the NSC-delivered cargo has been examined; however, the fate of the NSCs has not yet been explored. Methods: To monitor NSC tropism, we used an unconventional method of quantifying endocytosed gold nanorods to overcome the weaknesses of existing cell-tracking technologies. Results: Here, we report efficient tumor tropism of HB1.F3.CD21 NSCs, showing that they primarily distribute to the tumor stroma surrounding individual tumor foci within 3 hours after injection, reaching up to 95% of IP metastases without localizing to healthy tissue. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these NSCs are non-tumorigenic and non-immunogenic within the peritoneal setting. Conclusions: Their efficient tropism, combined with their promising clinical safety features and potential for cost-effective scale-up, positions this NSC line as a practical, off-the-shelf platform to improve the delivery of a myriad of peritoneal cancer therapeutics.
Critically ill patients with diabetes and Middle East respiratory syndrome: A multi-center observational study
Authors: Jose Jesna , Al-Dorzi Hasan , Al-Omari Awad , Mandourah Yasser , Al-Hameed Fahad , Sadat Musharaf , Al-Qasim Eman , Alraddadi Basem , Harthy Abdulrahman Al , Mekhlafi Ghaleb A Al , Almotairi Abdullah , Khatib Kasim Al , Abdulmomen Ahmed , Qushmaq Ismael , Sindi Anees , Mady Ahmed , Solaiman Othman , Al-Raddadi Rajaa , Maghrabi Khaled , Rajab Ahmed , Kharaba Ayman , Shalhoub Sara , Al-Aithan Abdulsalam M , Vishwakarma Gajendra K , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Arabi Yaseen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a risk factor for infection with coronaviruses. This study describes the demographic, clinical data, and outcomes of critically ill patients with diabetes and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS).Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at 14 hospitals in Saudi Arabia (September 2012- January 2018). We compared the demographic characteristics, underlying medical conditions, presenting symptoms and signs, management and clinical course, and outcomes of critically ill patients with MERS who had diabetes compared to those with no diabetes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine if diabetes was an independent predictor of 90-day mortality.Results: Of the 350 critically ill patients with MERS, 171 (48.9%) had diabetes. Patients with diabetes were more likely to be older, and have comorbid conditions, compared to patients with no diabetes. They were more likely to present with respiratory failure requiring intubation, vasopressors, and corticosteroids. The median time to clearance of MERS-CoV RNA was similar (23 days (Q1, Q3: 17, 36) in patients with diabetes and 21.0 days (Q1, Q3: 10, 33) in patients with no diabetes). Mortality at 90 days was higher in patients with diabetes (78.9% versus 54.7%, p<0.0001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that diabetes was an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality (odds ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-3.72).Conclusions: Half of the critically ill patients with MERS have diabetes; which is associated with more severe disease. Diabetes is an independent predictor of mortality among critically patients with MERS.
Diagnosis Prediction of Tumours of Unknown Origin Using ImmunoGenius, A Machine Learning-based Expert System for Immunohistochemistry Profile Interpretation
Authors: Chong Yosep , Thakur Nishant , Lee Ji Young , Hwang Gyoyeon , Choi Myungjin , Kim Yejin , Yu Hwanjo , Cho Mee Yon 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundImmunohistochemistry (IHC) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathological diseases. This technique has been supporting pathologists in making precise decisions regarding differential diagnosis and subtyping, and in creating personalized treatment plans. However, the interpretation of IHC results presents challenges in complicated cases. Furthermore, rapidly increasing amounts of IHC data are making it even harder for pathologists to reach to definitive conclusions. MethodsWe developed ImmunoGenius, a machine-learning-based expert system for the pathologist, to support the diagnosis of tumors of unknown origin. Based on Bayesian theorem, the most probable diagnoses can be drawn by calculating the probabilities of the IHC results in each disease. We prepared IHC profile data of 584 antibodies in 2009 neoplasms based on the relevant textbooks. We developed the reactive native mobile application for iOS and Android platform that can provide 10 most possible differential diagnoses based on the IHC input. ResultsWe trained the software using 562 real case data, validated it with 382 case data, tested it with 164 case data and compared the precision hit rate. Precision hit rate was 78.5%, 78.0% and 89.0% in training, validation and test dataset respectively. which showed no significant difference. The main reason for discordant precision was lack of disease-specific IHC markers and overlapping IHC profiles observed in similar diseases.Conclusion The results of this study showed a potential that the machine-learning algorithm based expert system can support the pathologic diagnosis by providing second opinion on IHC interpretation based on IHC database. Incorporation with contextual data including the clinical and histological findings might be required to elaborate the system in the future.
Development of a simple method to measure static body weight distribution in orthopedically and neurologically normal mature small breed dogs
Authors: Linder Jessica E , Thomovsky Stephanie , Bowditch Jessica , Lind Mallory , Kazmierczak Kristine A , Breur Gert J , Lewis Melissa J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Objective outcome measures capable of tracking different aspects of functional recovery in dogs with acute intervertebral disc herniation are needed to optimize physical rehabilitation protocols. Normal, pre-injury distribution of body weight in this population is unknown. The aims of this study were to quantify static weight distribution (SWD) using digital scales and to establish the feasibility of different scale methods in neurologically normal, mature, chondrodystrophic small breed dogs predisposed to intervertebral disc herniation. Results: Twenty-five healthy, mature dogs were enrolled with a mean age of 4.6 years (SD 2.7) and a mean total body weight of 11.5 kg (SD 3.6). SWD for the thoracic and pelvic limbs and between individual limbs was acquired in triplicate and expressed as a percentage of total body weight using commercially available digital scales in four combinations: two bathroom, two kitchen (with thoracic and pelvic limbs combined), four bathroom and four kitchen (with limbs measured individually). SWD was also obtained using a pressure sensing walkway for comparison to scale data. Feasibility for each method was determined and coefficients of variation were used to calculate inter-trial variability. Mean SWD values were compared between methods using an ANOVA. The two bathroom scales method had the highest feasibility and lowest inter-trial variability and resulted in mean thoracic and pelvic limb SWD of 63% (SD 3%) and 37% (SD 3%), respectively. Thoracic limb mean SWD was higher for the PSW compared to any of the scale methods (p<0.0001). Conclusions: SWD in a population of healthy chondrodystrophic dogs was simple to obtain using inexpensive and readily available digital scales. This study generated SWD data for subsequent comparison to dogs recovering from acute intervertebral disc herniation.
White oak (Quercus fabri Hance) regenerated stump sprouts show few senescence symptoms during 40 years’ growth in a natural forest
Authors: Sun Honggang , Wu Sisheng , Wu Liwen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The relationship between the parental tree’s physiological age and the clonal offspring’s lifespan is unclear. White oak (Quercus fabri Hance) has a high sprouting capability after harvest, with the regenerated sprouts being typical clonal individuals. To determine whether regenerated sprouts undergo rapid senescence compared with the parent, the senescence levels of 5-, 10-, 20- and 40-year-old regenerated stump sprouts in a natural forest were evaluated. The antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in these leaves and shoots were compared. Results: Older regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative systems, with 40-year-old sprouts having lower peroxidation product levels but similar antioxidative enzyme activity levels compared with 5-year-old sprouts. Older leaves had greater transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division than younger leaves. However, older sprouts had some unhealthy characteristics, such as increased base excision repair levels and upregulated phagosome, proteasome and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways in 40-year-old leaves, which indicates that DNA damage and tissue remodeling occurred more frequently than in younger leaves. Additionally, plant–pathogen interactions and MAPK signals pathways were upregulated in older shoots, which indicates that older shoots suffered from more pathogen-related biotic stress. Conclusions: The 40-year-old sprouts still had the same vitality level as the 5-year-old sprouts, although the former had some unhealthy characteristics. We conclude that during their first 40 years of growth, regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce, and that the parental tree’s physiological age does not significantly affect its clonal offspring’s lifespan.