bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical reservoir operation utilizing polarization change in a liquid crystal film
Authors: Mizuno Atsuhiro , Nagano Shusaku , Tanaka Hirofumi , HASEGAWA Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in physical reservoir computing, which operates with low power consumption and low computational cost, utilizing various phenomena for their operations. In this study, we developed a liquid crystal-based reservoir that utilizes dielectric polarization as a new state variable for the physical reservoir operation. Nonlinear polarization change in a liquid crystal film was confirmed both by observation using a polarized optical microscope and by electrical measurements. We also evaluated the performance of the liquid crystal reservoir by basic methods such as short-term memory tasks. In the MNIST classification task, we achieved an accuracy of approximately 88%, suggesting the potential of the liquid crystal reservoir for future applications.
Multimodal object recognition and real-time anomaly detection by physical reservoir computing using a Ag2S reservoir
Authors: Yoshimura Kaiki , Tanaka Hirofumi , HASEGAWA Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the deployment of artificial intelligence in society has progressed, particularly in the field of edge computing such as used in an AI robot, where reservoir computing attracts much attention because of its low power consumption and real-time performance. Challenges still remain in terms of achieving high accuracy in object recognition and ensuring sufficient real-time performance. In this study, we integrated a tactile information processing using a Ag2S physical reservoir and a visual information processing using a convolutional neural network for multimodal processing. The accuracy of object recognition has improved to up to 97.12%, by complementing weakness of each method. We also developed a real-time anomaly detection system for grasping an object. By training the Ag2S reservoir with data from normal gripping operations alone, the system can detect anomalies by comparing predicted values and actual input, which enabled real-time control of robot arm.
Growth and morphology of ultrathin Mn films on Au(001) surface investigated via scanning tunneling microscopy
Authors: Kawagoe Takeshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate the room-temperature growth of ultrathin Mn films on Au(001) surface for Mn thicknesses (dMn) up to 1.5 nm. The surface structure and morphology at various dMn are investigated via scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). Although the formation of surface Au-Mn alloy is observed at dMn = 0.3 nm, body centered-tetragonal (bct) Mn(001) films grow epitaxially in a layer-by-layer mode at dMn = 0.6 and 1.0 nm, showing a p(1×1) LEED pattern with the in-plane lattice constant of Au(001). The surface morphology comprises primarily atomically flat terraces with spiral growth patterns at dMn = 1.0 nm. At dMn = 1.5 nm, three-dimensional islands are observed, thus indicating growth-mode change from layer-by-layer to layer-plus-island. The differential-conductance spectrum for dMn = 1.0 nm shows distinct peaks at -0.07 and -0.45 V, which may correspond to the spin-polarized surface states of the bct Mn(001) film surface.
The 3 July Affair, 1946: Opposition Movement Against Syahrir's Cabinet
Authors: Yusuf Syafruddin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The events of July 3 1946 are a portrait of hard-line national leaders who did not agree with the diplomatic politics of the Syahrir government. They want to replace Syahrir's cabinet with a new cabinet that they have prepared. This research aims to determine the background to the 3 July 1946 incident, the process of the 3 July 1946 incident, and the resolution of the 3 July incident. The method used in this research is the historical method with heuristic stages, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. Based on research results, it is known that the 3 July incident started with the kidnapping of Syahrir and developed into a movement that culminated in a government coup by forcing Soekarno to sign a decree to replace the government. The Syahrir opposition group's efforts failed because Soekarno refused to sign the decree. They were later arrested, tried and sentenced. President Soekarno's attitude in rejecting the opposition's desire to replace Syahrir's government shows that Syahrir received strong support from Soekarno. Soekarno's attitude shows that Sukarno was a strong and firm Republican leader who was appreciated or respected by other Indonesian leaders.

Abstrak: Peristiwa 3 Juli 1946 merupakan potret pemimpin nasional garis keras yang tidak setuju dengan politik diplomasi pemerintahan Syahrir. Mereka ingin mengganti kabinet Syahrir dengan kabinet baru yang sudah mereka siapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang terjadi peristiwa 3 Juli 1946, proses terjadinya peristiwa 3 Juli 1946, dan penyelesaian peristiwa 3 Juli tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah dengan tahapan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil peneitian diketahui bahwa Peristiwa 3 Juli bermula dari penculikan Syahrir dan berkembang menjadi gerakan yang berujung pada kudeta pemerintahan dengan memaksa Soekarno menandatangani dekrit pengganti pemerintahan. Upaya kelompok oposisi Syahrir gagal karena Soekarno menolak menandatangani dekrit tersebut. Mereka kemudian ditangkap, diadili dan dijatuhi hukuman. Sikap Presiden Soekarno yang menolak keinginan pihak oposisi untuk menggantikan pemerintahan Syahrir menunjukkan bahwa Syahrir mendapat dukungan kuat dari Soekarno. Sikap Soekarno tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Sukarno adalah pemimpin Republik yang kuat dan tegas sehingga dihargai atau dihormati oleh para pemimpin Indonesia lainnya.
Analysis of Pancasila Students Profile Media Needs for History Learning at Senior High School Number 1 in Indralaya
Authors: Umi Wulandari  , Syarifuddin  , Umi Chotimah  , Sumarni Sri , Yanzi Hermi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract: In writing this article, the aim is to present the results of a needs analysis related to the use of media containing the profile character of Pancasila students by distributing questionnaires and interviews directly to the research location. This research was conducted at Senior High School Number 1 in 1 Indralaya using descriptive qualitative research methods. The data obtained in this research is in the form of qualitative data with analysis of the data obtained before being compiled into descriptive data for use in writing. Data collection techniques use questionnaires distributed to students and interviews conducted with educators. The research results obtained show that in the learning process students are more interested in learning that uses internet technology. The use of the internet in the history learning process has not been widely implemented in every school. In applying the dimensions of the Pancasila student profile, the internet can be an alternative by producing various media. This media can be used in the learning process through interesting history lessons. The media produced is in the form of posters, videos and historical dominoes.
Abstrak: Dalam kepenulisan artikel ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengemukakan mengenai hasil dari analisis kebutuhan terkait penggunaan media bermuatan karakter profil pelajar Pancasila dengan penyebaran angket dan wawancara langsung ke lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Indralaya dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berbentuk data kualitatif dengan dilakukan analisis terhadap data yang diperoleh sebelum disusun menjadi data deskriptif untuk digunakan dalam tulisan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yang dibagikan kepada peserta didik dan wawancara dilakukan bersama pendidik. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses pembelajaran peserta didik lebih tertarik dengan pembelajaran yang menggunakan teknologi internet. Penggunaan internet dalam proses pembelajaran sejarah belum banyak diterapkan dalam setiap sekolah. Dalam penerapan dimensi profil pelajar Pancasila, internet dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif dengan menghasilkan berbagai media. Media tersebut bisa digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran melalui pembelajaran sejarah yang dibuat secara menarik. Media yang dihasilkan berupa poster, video dan domino sejarah.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN USIA SUBUR MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MPASI GIZI SEIMBANG UNTUK KEWASPADAAN STUNTING PADA ANAK DI DESA PERANGAI KABUPATEN LAHAT
Authors: Siregar Rina Rahayu , Kartika Waty Evy Ratna , Shomedran Shomedran , Husin Azizah 
Published: February 2025

Telah dilaksanakan pelatihan pembuatan MPASI gizi seimbang untuk kewaspadaan stunting pada anak di desa perangai kabupaten lahat dengan pemberdayaan perempuan usia subur. Tujuan evaluasi dalam pelatihan ini adalah untuk melihat peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman peserta terkait materi yang disampaikan khususnya pemberdayaan Perempuan Usia Subur (PUS) dalam pemberian MPASI gizi seimbang dalam waspada stunting pada anak. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilakukan dengan teknik : ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab, praktik dan penugasan. Pelatihan dilakukan secara langsung dengan menyampaikan materi kepada peserta yang merupakan masyarakat Perempuan Usia Subur (PUS) di Desa Perangai Kabupaten Lahat.Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 37 orang. Materi pelatihan yang disajikan secara umum sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik. Dari pembahasan berbagai materi dasar, kemudian diadakan evaluasi secara bertahap, yakni di awal kegiatan (pre-test), selama proses kegiatan (evaluative process), dan di akhir kegiatan (post-test). Dari jumlah peserta menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman awal stunting sebesar 86,21%, kemudian 68,97% peserta memahami dalam pencegahan stunting serta sebesar 75,86% peserta telah memiliki kemampuan dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil bahwa peserta pelatihan mengalami peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang pembuatan MPASI gizi seimbang untuk kewaspadaan stunting pada anak.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PRAKTIKUM MEKANIKA, PANAS DAN OPTIK BAGI GURU-GURU IPA MGMP KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Murniati Murniati , Akhsan Hamdi , Pasaribu Abidin , Sudirman Sudirman , Ariska Melly 
Published: February 2025

Proses pembelajaran fisika di kelas secara real dengan kegiatan penyadaran atau penguasaan materi fisika pada peserta didik melalui interaksi pengajaran atau proses belajar mengajar Sutarto dalam Setiawan, 2012. Pembelajaran fisika menggunakan alat praktikum sangat tepat digunakan dan sangat membantu guru dan siswa untuk menemukan konsep secara real melalui pengamatan dan pengukuran. Konsep-konsep fisika yang diajarkan di SMP pada umumnya sudah tersedia alat praktikum dalam Kotak Instrumen Terpadu (KIT). Kenyataan yang ada, penggunaan alat praktikum yang sudah tersedia berupa KIT di sekolah belum membudaya, dalam arti tidak semua guru IPA Fisika menggunakan alat praktikum dalam mengajar. Hal ini disebabkan belum timbul kesadaran akan pentingnya penggunaan alat praktikum serta pengaruhnya dalam kegiatan proses belajar mengajar. Target luaran yang dicapai adalah sebagai berikut: Meningkatkan keterampilan guru MGMP IPA Kabupaten Ogan Ilir untuk memanfaatkan alat praktikum dalam proses pembelajaran fisika; Tim pelaksana pengabdian dan guru yang mengikuti pelatihan akan mendapatkan sertifikat kegiatan yang dikeluarkan oleh FKIP Unsri; Hasil pelaksanaan pengabdian berupa LKPD praktikum pada pembelajaran fisika materi mekanika, panas dan optik
Integrating playful pedagogies with the curriculum: The perspectives and practices of teachers working across infant, first and second classes, in Ireland
Authors: O’Sullivan Lisha , Ring Emer , Harmon Maurice , Ryan Marie 
Published: February 2025

While play is a key feature of the early childhood curriculum, its role in primary education can be more peripheral. In Ireland, a new primary curriculum framework aims to strengthen connections between learning in preschool and school through embedding a playful approach, more dynamically, in the primary context. This paper will share findings from an online mixed methods survey of 293 teachers, working in junior and senior infants and in first and second class. Congruent with research in other countries, findings suggest that while play is associated with a broad range of benefits, and is seen as compatible with learning in school, its potential is not optimised due to a myriad of system, school, teacher, and child features. While the prominence of playful pedagogies in the new primary curriculum framework is welcome, the current findings underscore issues which could impact on the fidelity with which it is implemented. The findings from this study affirm the value of surfacing teachers’ perspectives during times of curriculum reform. The perceived enablers and barriers, to adopting playful and innovative pedagogical approaches, can inform the provision of resources and design of supports which will be required to embed play successfully in Irish primary schools. To harness existing best practice and to propel and sustain curriculum innovation, teachers clearly need to be seen as partners rather than mere consumers or receivers of curriculum redevelopment.
Multicenter analysis on the correlation between the anatomical characteristics of hepatic veins and hepatic venous wedge pressure
Authors: Ye Qiu-Xia , Meng Ming-Ming , Wu Yi-Fan , Dong Cheng-Bin , Zhang Yu , Liu Bo-Wen , Lv Yi-Fan , You Shao-Li , Lv Sa , Ding Hui-Guo , Han Ying , Yang Yong-Ping , Zhu Bing , Liu Fu-Quan 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) is a crucial variable for accurately assessing the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and is vital for the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with portal hypertension (PH).
AIM
To investigate the anatomical characteristics of balloon-occluded hepatic venous angiography in patients with PH and analyze the relationship between the WHVP and portal venous pressure (PVP).
METHODS
This retrospective study included 877 patients with PH who met the inclusion criteria from January 2020 to June 2024. Routine and innovative hepatic venous angiography was performed during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedures to measure hepatic venous and PVPs. All patients' angiographic images were collected for analysis. The associations between WHVP and PVP in each group were analyzed via linear regression analysis, and a predictive model was established.
RESULTS
The 877 patients had a mean age of 52.6 ± 13.0 years, with 582 males and 295 females. Patients were categorized into four groups on the basis of their anatomical structure. All groups showed strong correlations between WHVP and PVP. The regression coefficient between the WHVP and PVP in the hepatic right vein-portal venous angiography group was 0.884 (P < 0.05); in the hepatic right vein-accessory hepatic venous angiography group, it was 0.721 (P < 0.05); in the hepatic right vein-middle hepatic venous angiography group, it was 0.344 (P < 0.05); and in the hepatic right vein-nonangiography group, it was 0.293 (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The presence and anatomical classification of hepatic venous collaterals are key factors influencing the relationship between WHVP with and PVP. Based on the different anatomical classifications of hepatic veins, WHVP can be used to estimate PVP, improving the accuracy of PVP prediction.
Shortening the recipient warm ischemia time could be a strategy for expanding the liver donor pool
Authors: Yu Jia-Wei , Xiang Lin-Biao , Dong Xiao-Juan , Yang Chen-Xi , Wang Lei , Liu Xiao-Yu , Song Yi-Hong , Bai Xian-Jie , Xiao Jing-Wen , Ren Lu , Xu Qin-Hong , Yang Gang-Hua , Lv Yi , Lu Qiang 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Shortening the recipient warm ischemia time (rWIT) has been proven to be effective for improving the short- and long-term outcomes after liver transplantation (LT) and offsets the negative impact of an extended cold ischemia time. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the prognostic effects of shortening the rWIT in transplantations using a liver graft from an extended-criteria donor (ECD).
AIM
To investigate whether shortening the rWIT could improve the outcomes of ECD LT.
METHODS
Rat ECD autologous orthotopic LT were performed with variable rWITs (0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes). Near-infrared fluorescence imaging (FI) was used for the real-time assessment of liver graft ischemia-reperfusion injury after the anhepatic phase. Survival was assessed, and liver function and histological analyses were performed on the third day after transplantation.
RESULTS
The FI curve growth rate and postoperative three-day survival rate significantly increased, and the liver function and Suzuki score of the liver grafts significantly improved when the rWIT was ≤ 10 minutes (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The post-transplant outcomes were significantly better with a shorter rWIT (10 minutes or less) than with a longer rWIT, which could be a strategy for expanding the liver donor pool.
FEATURES OF MODERN PAINTING OF THE KOLA ARCTIC
Authors: Татевосян Ашот Генрикович 
Published: February 2025

В данной статье рассмотрено творчество художников Кольского Заполярья. Несмотря на суровые природно-климатические условия и скудность цветовой палитры, природа северного края смогла привлечь к себе пытливые взгляды живописцев. Художники смогли воплотить в своих полотнах не только необычную красоту Заполярья, но и быт, духовное начало и даже мифологию коренных народов. При этом, анализируя творчество художников, можно увидеть, что здесь природа и человек неразделимы, они связаны воедино. Это отражает реальную жизнь Севера: традиционное ремесло, устное народное творчество, поверья местных народов тесно переплетаются с полярными ночами, долгими зимами и ожиданием солнца. В связи с этим творчество художников Кольского Заполярья представляет собой как научный, так и практический интерес - автор настоящей статьи анализирует, какие образы стали ведущими у художников, чем они вдохновлялись, в каких жанрах писали и какие техники использовали.
In this article the creativity of artists of the Kola Polar Region is considered. Despite the severe climatic conditions and the scarcity of colour palette, the nature of the northern region was able to attract the inquisitive eyes of painters. The artists were able to embody on their canvases not only the unusual beauty of the Arctic Circle, but also the everyday life, spirituality and even mythology of indigenous peoples. At the same time, analyzing the work of artists, one can see that here nature and man are inseparable, they are linked together. This reflects the real life of the North: traditional crafts, oral folk art, beliefs of local peoples are closely intertwined with polar nights, long winters and waiting for the sun. In this regard, the work of artists of the Kola Polar Region is of both scientific and practical interest - the author of this article analyses what images became the leading ones of the artists, what they were inspired by, in what genres they painted and what techniques they used.
Information-driven attentional capture
Authors: Doyle Alenka , Volkova Kamilla , Crotty Nicholas , Massa Nicole , Grubb Michael A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Visual attention, the selective prioritization of sensory information, is crucial in dynamic, information-rich environments. That both internal goals and external salience modulate the allocation of attention is well established. However, recent empirical work has found instances of experience-driven attention, wherein task-irrelevant, physically non-salient stimuli reflexively capture attention in ways that are contingent on an observer’s unique history. The prototypical example of experience-driven attention relies on a history of reward associations, with evidence attributing the phenomenon to reward-prediction errors. However, a mechanistic account, differing from the reward-prediction error hypothesis, is needed to explain how, in the absence of monetary reward, a history of target-seeking leads to attentional capture. Here we propose that what drives attentional capture in such cases is not target-seeking, but an association with instrumental information. To test this hypothesis, we used pre-cues to render the information provided by a search target either instrumental or redundant. We found that task-irrelevant, physically non-salient distractors associated with instrumental information were more likely to draw eye movements (a sensitive metric of information sampling) than were distractors associated with redundant information. Furthermore, saccading to an instrumental-information-associated distractor led to a greater behavioral cost: response times were slowed more severely. Crucially, the distractors had equivalent histories as sought targets, so any attentional differences between them must be due to different information histories resulting from our experimental manipulation. These findings provide strong evidence for the information history hypothesis and offer a method for exploring the neural signature of information-driven attentional capture.
Machine learning classification of active viewing of pain and non-pain images using EEG does not exceed chance in external validation samples
Authors: Mari Tyler , Ali S. Hasan , Pacinotti Lucrezia , Powsey Sarah , Fallon Nicholas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that machine learning (ML) could not effectively decode passive observation of neutral versus pain photographs by using electroencephalogram (EEG) data. Consequently, the present study explored whether active viewing, i.e., requiring participant engagement in a task, of neutral and pain stimuli improves ML performance. Random forest (RF) models were trained on cortical event-related potentials (ERPs) during a two-alternative forced choice paradigm, whereby participants determined the presence or absence of pain in photographs of facial expressions and action scenes. Sixty-two participants were recruited for the model development sample. Moreover, a within-subject temporal validation sample was collected, consisting of 27 subjects. In line with our previous research, three RF models were developed to classify images into faces and scenes, neutral and pain scenes, and neutral and pain expressions. The results demonstrated that the RF successfully classified discrete categories of visual stimuli (faces and scenes) with accuracies of 78% and 66% on cross-validation and external validation, respectively. However, despite promising cross-validation results of 61% and 67% for the classification of neutral and pain scenes and neutral and pain faces, respectively, the RF models failed to exceed chance performance on the external validation dataset on both empathy classification attempts. These results align with previous research, highlighting the challenges of classifying complex states, such as pain empathy using ERPs. Moreover, the results suggest that active observation fails to enhance ML performance beyond previous passive studies. Future research should prioritise improving model performance to obtain levels exceeding chance, which would demonstrate increased utility.