bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraperitoneal vancomycin‐induced immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Murt Ahmet , Ozkan Tekin Tuba , Guzel Suleyman Sami , Olcar Sercan , Salihoglu Ayse , Ataman Muveddet Rezzan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVancomycin is one of the drugs used in the peritonitis treatment regimen of peritoneal dialysis patients. Intraperitoneal route is generally preferred to provide rapid elimination of infective agents. Systemic toxicities of certain drugs after intraperitoneal administration are not very clear. The same also applies to vancomycin, although it has a considerable amount of systemic absorption after intraperitoneal administration. We herein report a case of severe thrombocytopenia, which was seen during the treatment of a peritonitis attack in a peritoneal dialysis patient. Culture studies revealed methicillin resistant staphylococci as the causative agent and the patient received intraperitoneal vancomycin per sensitivity analysis. Thrombocyte levels dropped abruptly to 3,900/μl after 10 days of vancomycin treatment. Clinical criteria pointed out to vancomycin‐related immune thrombocytopenia. Platelet levels did not recover with initial dexamethasone treatment and platelet transfusions. In the meantime, the clinical course was also complicated with intracranial bleeding. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was applied and dexamethasone was switched to high‐dose methylprednisolone. This latter treatment generated a response and platelet levels gradually increased to normal levels. The patient could be discharged without any sequelae. There have been two previous intraperitoneal vancomycin‐related immune thrombocytopenia cases in the literature. Previous cases were reviewed, and the present case was given in comparison with the previous cases.
High‐speed stretch‐shortening cycle exercises as a strategy to provide eccentric overload during resistance training
Authors: Hernández‐Davó Jose Luis , Sabido Rafael , Blazevich Anthony J. 
Published: September 2021

Resistance exercises eliciting eccentric overload (EO) are considered to strongly promote muscular hypertrophy and broad neuromuscular adaptations but typically require specialized equipment. The aims of these experiments were to assess whether EO is achieved during common high‐speed stretch‐shortening cycle (SSC) exercises (rebound bench press throw [RBPT] and squat jump [SJ]), and to test the effect of the external load on the EO achieved. Twenty‐nine under 18 handball players and fifteen physically active males (24.9 ± 3.2 years) took part in the experiments. Testing consisted of a single set of 6 repetitions with light (25%–30% 1‐RM), moderate (50% 1‐RM), and heavy (70%–75% 1‐RM) loads. Eccentric and concentric force near the zero‐velocity point (50–200 ms) as well as eccentric‐concentric force ratio (EO; %) were calculated. In RBPT, higher EO values were found at 50% 1‐RM than 70% 1‐RM in the time interval 50 ms before and after the zero‐velocity point. Higher EO values were also found at 50% 1‐RM than both 30% 1‐RM and 70% 1‐RM 100 ms before and after the zero‐velocity point. For the SJ, higher EO values were found at 50% 1‐RM and 75% 1‐RM than 25% 1‐RM 100 ms before and after the zero‐velocity point. Higher EO values were found at 50% 1‐RM than 25% 1‐RM 200 ms before and after the zero‐velocity point. However, the higher EO values in the SJ were found far from the zero‐velocity point. High‐speed SSC resistance training provides similar EO to other methods and thus should promote muscle hypertrophy and other neuromuscular adaptations.
Development of accelerometer‐based light to vigorous physical activity in fitness profiles of school‐aged children
Authors: Gråstén Arto , Huhtiniemi Mikko , Hakonen Harto , Jaakkola Timo 
Published: September 2021

This study examined the developmental trajectories of light (LPA) and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in fitness profiles derived from motor competence, perceived motor competence, health‐related fitness, and MVPA behavior. Locomotor, stability, and object control skills, muscular and cardiovascular fitness, and physical activity were assessed in 510 (girls 285 and boys 225) Finnish school‐aged children (Mage = 11.26 ± 33 years) over three years. Physical activity was measured using hip‐mounted accelerometers. Fitness profiles were identified using latent profile analysis, and the development of physical activity levels across four assessments was analyzed with latent growth curve models. Results showed that (1) three homogeneous profiles were identified: At‐risk, Intermediate, and Desirable; (2) the Desirable group was more physically active than the other groups, the Intermediate group was more physical active than the At‐risk group; and (3) LPA decreased similarly over time, while MVPA remained stable in all three profiles. Initial more advanced motor competence, perceived motor competence, health‐related fitness, and higher MVPA behavior were associated with higher levels of long‐term LPA and MVPA. This finding supports the importance of motor competence skills acquisition in the early school years. Attention should also be paid to increasing engagement in light physical activities, especially in inactive or insufficiently active children with low motor competence skills.
Secretion of a low‐molecular‐weight species of endogenous GRP94 devoid of the KDEL motif during endoplasmic reticulum stress in Chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Samy Andrew , Yamano‐Adachi Noriko , Koga Yuichi , Omasa Takeshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGRP94 (glucose‐regulated protein 94) is a well‐studied chaperone with a lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and leucine (KDEL) motif at its C‐terminal, which is responsible for GRP94 localization in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). GRP94 is upregulated during ER stress to help fold unfolded proteins or direct proteins to ER‐associated degradation. In a previous study, engineered GRP94 without the KDEL motif stimulated a powerful immune response in vaccine cells. In this report, we show that endogenous GRP94 is naturally secreted into the medium in a truncated form that lacks the KDEL motif in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The secretion of the truncated form of GRP94 was stimulated by the induction of ER stress. These truncations prevent GRP94 recognition by KDEL receptors and retention inside the cell. This study sheds light on a potential trafficking phenomenon during the unfolded protein response that may help understand the functional role of GRP94 as a trafficking molecule.
Fear is associated with attrition of first‐time whole blood donors: A longitudinal examination of donor confidence and attitude as potential mediators
Authors: France Christopher R. , France Janis L. , Himawan Lina K. , Duffy Louisa , Kessler Debra A. , Rebosa Mark , Rehmani Shiraz , Frye Victoria , Shaz Beth H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundElevated fear and anxiety regarding donation‐related stimuli (e.g., needles, pain, blood, fainting) has been associated with reduced blood donor recruitment and retention. The present longitudinal study tests the notion that this inverse relationship may be accounted for by lower donation confidence and more negative donation attitudes among fearful first‐time donors.Study Design and MethodsIn a sample of 1479 first‐time whole blood donors [67.9% female; mean age = 19.3 (standard deviation (SD) = 2.5) years], path analyses were conducted to examine relationships among donor ratings of fear of blood draw and donation anxiety obtained approximately 1 week after donation, donation confidence and attitudes assessed approximately 6 weeks later, and donation attempts over the 14 months following the original donation.ResultsPath analyses indicated that both fear of blood draws and donation anxiety were associated with fewer attempted donations, and that these effects were indirectly mediated by a combination of lower donor confidence and more negative donation attitudes.ConclusionBecause retention of new blood donors is essential to maintain a healthy blood supply, the results of the present study suggest that first‐time donors should be assessed for fear and anxiety so that appropriate strategies can be provided to address their concerns, bolster their confidence and attitudes, and ultimately promote their long‐term retention.
Intersurgeon agreement in determining 3 cm surgical margins of subcutaneous tumors in dogs
Authors: Ranganathan Bharadhwaj , Milovancev Milan , Mehrkens Lea , Townsend Katy L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate intersurgeon agreement in performing a 3 cm wide surgical excision for subcutaneous malignancies in dogs.Study designProspective, blinded, randomized, clinical study.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs with subcutaneous tumors undergoing curative‐intent, wide surgical excision between April 2019 to March 2020.MethodsFour surgeons, instructed to perform a 3 cm wide excision, each sequentially indicated their proposed skin incision locations around subcutaneous tumors, without knowledge of the other surgeons' proposed incisions. A tripod‐mounted camera and laser positioning system were used to photograph each surgeon's proposed margin length. A random‐effects model was used to estimate the standard deviation of margin lengths that would be expected from a random sample of surgeons.ResultsEach of the four surgeons provided 33 independent radial measurements from 11 tumors (six soft tissue sarcomas and five mast cell tumors), for a total of 132 radial measurements. No individual surgeon consistently proposed longer or shorter margin incision locations. The prediction interval for a future margin measurement was 6 mm, implying that the 95% confidence interval of an individual surgeon's margin length would be within ±6 mm of the mean margin length from a random sample of surgeons.ConclusionNinety‐five percent of surgeons would be expected to deliver a surgical dose between 2.4–3.6 cm, for a theoretically uniform surgical dose of 3 cm wide margins.Clinical significanceSurgical doses are likely to vary at clinically relevant levels among surgeons, complicating design and interpretation of studies attempting to identify an ideal surgical dose.
Extracting ‘legacy loci’ from an invertebrate sequence capture data set
Authors: Miller Caroline D. , Forthman Michael , Miller Christine W. , Kimball Rebecca T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSequence capture studies result in rich data sets comprising hundreds to thousands of targeted genomic regions that are superseding Sanger‐based data sets comprised of a few well‐known loci with historical uses in phylogenetics (‘legacy loci’). However, integrating sequence capture and Sanger‐based data sets is of interest as legacy loci can include different types of loci (e.g. mitochondrial and nuclear) across a potentially larger sample of species from past studies. Sequence capture data sets include nontargeted sequences, and there has been recent interest in extracting legacy loci from invertebrate data sets. Here, we use published legacy data from leaf‐footed bugs (Hemiptera: Coreoidea) to recover 15 mitochondrial and seven nuclear legacy loci from off‐target sequences in a sequence capture data set, explore approaches to improve legacy locus recovery, and combine these loci with sequence capture data for phylogenetic analysis. Two nuclear loci were determined to already be targeted by sequence capture baits. Most of the remaining loci were successfully recovered from off‐target sequences, but this recovery varied greatly. Additionally, complementing complete mitogenomes with additional reference mitochondrial sequences from a genetic depository did not offer improvement for most of our taxa; however, supplementing these reference sequences with extracted legacy loci offered ≥6% improvement across taxa for a given mitochondrial locus (negligible improvement for nuclear loci). Phylogenetic analysis of legacy and sequence capture data produced a topology generally congruent with recent studies, but support was lower. Thus, future studies may employ the approaches used in this study to integrate legacy data with newly generated sequence capture data sets without added expenses.
Study of generalized cylindrical polytropes with complexity factor
Authors: Khan Shiraz , Mardan S. A. , Rehman M. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, complexity factor is used with generalized polytropic equation of state to develop two consistent systems of three differential equations and a general frame work is established for modify form of Lane-Emden equations. For this purpose anisotropic fluid distribution is considered in cylindrical static symmetry with two cases of generalized polytropic equation of state (i) mass density $$\mu _{o}$$

μ
o

and (ii) energy density $$\mu $$
μ
. A graphical analysis will be carried out for the numerical solution of these systems of three differential equations.
Intelligent Algorithm-Based Picture Archiving and Communication System of MRI Images and Radiology Information System-Based Medical Informatization
Authors: Liu Biao , Tan Baogao , Huang Lidi , Wei Jingxin , Mo Xulin , Zheng Jintian , Luo Hanchuan 
Published: September 2021

Objective. The study aimed to explore the application value of picture archiving and communication system (PCAS) of MRI images based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm combined with the radiology information system (RIS). Methods. 551 patients who required MRI examination in a hospital from May 2016 to May 2021 were selected as research subjects. Patients were divided into two groups according to their own wishes. Those who were willing to use the RBF neural network algorithm-based PCAS of MRI images combined with RIS were set as the combined group, involving a total of 278 cases; those who were unwilling were set as the regular group, involving a total of 273 cases. The RBF neural network algorithm-based PCAS of MRI images combined with RIS was trained and tested for classification performance and then used for comparison analysis. Result. The actual output (0.031259–0.038515) of all test samples was almost the same as the target output (0.000000) (

P

> 0.05). In the first 50,000 learnings, the iteration error of the RBF neural network dropped rapidly and finally stabilized at 0.038. The classification accuracy of the RBF neural network algorithm-based PCAS of MRI images combined with RIS for the head was 94.28%, that of abdomen was 97.22%, and it was 93.10% for knee joint, showing no statistically significant differences (

P

> 0.05), and the total classification accuracy was as high as 95%. The time spent in the examination in the combined group was about 2 hours, and that in the regular group was about 4 hours (

P

> 0.05). The satisfaction of the combined group (96.76%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (46.89%) (

P

> 0.05). Conclusion. The RBF neural network has good classification performance for MRI images. To incorporate intelligent algorithms into the medical information system can optimize the system. RBF has good application prospects in the medical information system, and it is worthy of continuous exploration.
Brief Negative Affect Focused Functional Imagery Training Abolishes Stress-Induced Alcohol Choice in Hazardous Student Drinkers
Authors: Bakou Alexandra Elissavet , Shuai Ruichong , Hogarth Lee 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Imagery-based stress management therapies are effective at reducing alcohol use. To explore the therapeutic mechanism, the current study tested whether brief functional imagery training linked to personal negative affect drinking triggers would attenuate sensitivity to noise stress-induced alcohol seeking behaviour in a laboratory model. Methods. Participants were UK-based hazardous student drinkers (N = 61, 80.3% women, aged 18–25) who reported drinking to cope with negative affect. Participants in the active intervention group (n = 31) were briefly trained to respond to personal negative drinking triggers by retrieving an adaptive strategy to mitigate negative affect, whereas participants in the control group (n = 30) received risk information about binge drinking at university. The relative value of alcohol was then measured by preference to view alcohol versus food pictures in two-alternative choice trials, before (baseline) and during noise stress induction. Results. There was a significant two-way interaction

p
<
.04

where the control group increased their alcohol picture choice from baseline to the noise stress test

p
<
.001

, whereas the active intervention group did not

p
=
.33

, and the control group chose alcohol more frequently than the active group in the stress test

p
=
.03

, but not at baseline

p
=
.16

. Conclusions. These findings indicate that imagery-based mood management can protect against the increase in the relative value of alcohol motivated by acute stress in hazardous negative affect drinkers, suggesting this mechanism could underpin the therapeutic effect of mood management on drinking outcomes.
Ultrasound Image Features under Deep Learning in Breast Conservation Surgery for Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Hongxu , Liu Haiwang , Ma Lihui , Liu Jianping , Hu Dawei 
Published: September 2021

This study was to analyze the effect of the combined application of deep learning technology and ultrasound imaging on the effect of breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer. A deep label distribution learning (LDL) model was designed, and the semiautomatic segmentation algorithm based on the region growing and active contour technology (RA) and the segmentation model based on optimized nearest neighbors (ON) were introduced for comparison. The designed algorithm was applied to the breast-conserving surgery of breast cancer patients. According to the difference in intraoperative guidance methods, 102 female patients with early breast cancer were divided into three groups: 34 cases in W1 group (ultrasound guidance based on deep learning segmentation model), 34 cases in W2 group (ultrasound guidance), and 34 cases in W3 group (palpation guidance). The results revealed that the tumor area segmented by the LDL algorithm constructed in this study was closer to the real tumor area; the segmentation accuracy (AC), Jaccard, and true-positive (TP) values of the LDL algorithm were obviously greater than those of the RA and ON algorithms, while the false-positive (FP) value was significantly lower in contrast to the RA and ON algorithms, showing statistically observable differences (

P

< 0.05); the actual resection volume of the patients in the W1 group was the closest to the ideal resection volume, which was much smaller in contrast to that of the patients in the W2 and W3 groups, showing statistical differences (

P

< 0.05); the positive margins of the patients in the W1 group were statistically lower than those in the W2 and W3 groups (

P

< 0.05). In addition, 1 patient in the W1 group was not satisfied with the cosmetic effect, 3 patients in the W2 group were not satisfied with the cosmetic effect, and 9 patients in the W3 group were not satisfied with the cosmetic effect. Finally, it was found that the ultrasound image based on the deep LDL model effectively improved the AC of tumor resection and negative margins, reduced the probability of normal tissue being removed, and improved the postoperative cosmetic effect of breast.
Efficacy of Adenoidectomy for the Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Children Older Than 7 Years of Age
Authors: Mahomva Chengetai , Anne Samantha , Roxbury Christopher 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: While adenoidectomy is the first-line surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in young children, evidence regarding its utility in older children is lacking. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of adenoidectomy in children 7 to 18 years old with regard to symptom control, postoperative medication use, and the need for additional surgery. Methods: Single-institution retrospective chart review of patients ages 7 to 18 undergoing adenoidectomy for CRS from 2009 to 2019. Patients with cystic fibrosis and ciliary disorders were excluded. Comorbidities, preoperative and postoperative symptoms (rhinorrhea, congestion, anosmia, and facial pain), medication use (antibiotics, antihistamines, nasal steroids, and irrigations), and Lund-Mackay scores were extracted. McNemar’s or Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests were used to assess rates of symptom control and medication use. Fisher’s exact or Chi-square tests were used to assess for factors associated with symptom persistence. Results: Ninety-seven patients with a mean age of 9 years (range 7-18) were identified. Patients were shown to experience significantly decreased rates of rhinorrhea (64.9% vs 20.6%, <.001), congestion (95.9% vs 26.8%, <.001), facial pain (17.5% vs 3.1%, .001), use of nasal steroids (79.4% vs 36.1%, <.001), antihistamines (47.4% vs 20.6%, <.001), and number of antibiotics (median 1 vs 0, <.001) after adenoidectomy. No patient or disease factors were associated with symptom persistence. Nine patients (9.3%) required additional nasal surgery. Conclusion: In this cohort of older children with CRS with limited follow up, additional surgery is not routinely done following adenoidectomy, the results suggest that adenoidectomy alone may provide adequate symptom control and medication reduction.
Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis With Large Posterior Glottic Gap: Is Arytenoid Procedure Necessary?
Authors: Yılmaz Taner , Özer Furkan 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: For unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) with large posterior glottic gap medialization laryngoplasty (ML) + arytenoid adduction (AA), ML + adduction arytenopexy (AApexy), and ML alone using prosthesis with posterior extension are possible solutions. This study was carried out to elucidate the controversy among these solution options. Methods: Retrospective cohort. Tertiary referral center. One hundred forty patients with UVFP with large posterior glottic gap. Group 1 had 30 patients with ML + AA; Group 2 had 25 patients with ML + AApexy; Group 3 had 29 patients with ML using Isshiki prosthesis; Group 4 had 26 patients with ML using Montgomery prosthesis; Group 5 had 30 patients with ML using prosthesis with large posterior extension. Glottic closure using videolaryngostroboscopy, GRBAS, VHI-30, EAT-10, acoustic and aerodynamic analysis was carried out pre- and 1-year-postoperatively. Results: Preoperatively there was no significant difference in any parameters studied among all study groups ( P > .05). Except F0, speaking F0 and EAT-10, all other parameters in acoustic and aerodynamic analysis, glottic closure, GRBAS, and VHI-30 scores were significantly better postoperatively in Groups 1 and 2 compared to Groups 3 to 5 ( P < .05). Conclusions: In patients with UVFP and large posterior glottic gap, ML + AA and ML + AApexy seem to do better subjectively and objectively, acoustically and aerodynamically, when compared to ML using prosthesis with and without large posterior extension. ML alone does not appear to close posterior glottic gap. Therefore, it is a better and more reasonable option to perform arytenoid procedure when there is large posterior glottic gap in UVFP.