bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Components and Hypoglycemic Activity&nbsp;of Large Scale Micropropagated Cremastra Appendiculata&nbsp;(D.Don) Makino
Authors: yang ningxian , Wang Daoping , Gao Yanyan , Hu Enming , Peng Sijing , Ji jun , Zhang mingsheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino (Orchidaceae) is a valuable species which is in ornamental field and pharmaceutical industry, inefficient propagations limit the utilization of C. appendiculata. Here, we reported an improved and efficient method for large-scale micropropagation including seed germination, initiation and proliferation of protocorm like-bodies (PLBs), “shoot cluster” induction, rooting and acclimatization. Factually, the highest shoot multiplication coefficient 3.16 was achieved on 1/4 MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L -1 thidiazuron (TDZ), along with 0.4 mg·L -1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 3% sucrose and additives. Likewise, the best medium for protocorm proliferation was 1.0 mg·L -1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 1.0 mg·L -1 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and 0.2 mg·L -1 adenylate cyclase (AC) with proliferation of 170.07%, followed by root induction on 1/4MS with 0.5 mg·L -1 α naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.5 mg·L -1 AC and 3% sucrose. Besides, the achieved micropropagation plants grew vigorously and were steady with a survival rate of 85.3% in vermiculite: humus (1: 2). Assessment of the chemical compositions by high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) displayed that the composition of dried pseudobulbs from micropropagation plantlets and naturally grown plants were similar, containing colchicine, quercetin, rutin, adenosine, oleanolic acid, myristate, rhein and emodin. Furthermore, the hypoglycemic activity in vitro indicated micropropagation plantlets were superior to naturally grown plants. Consequently, the described protocol could be used for the large-scale propagation and conservation of this endangered plant, which might be natural resource for the diabetes patients.
­­Differences in somatic TP53 Mutation Type in Breast Tumors by Race and Receptor Status
Authors: Pollock Nijole C , Ramroop Johnny R , Hampel Heather , Troester Melissa A , Conway Kathleen , Hu Jennifer J , Freudenheim Jo L , Olopade Olufunmilayo I , Huo Dezheng , Ziv Elad , Neuhausen Susan L , Stevens Patrick , McElroy Joseph , Toland Amanda Ewart 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Somatic driver mutations in TP53 are associated with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and poorer outcomes. Breast cancers arising in women of African ancestry (AA) are more likely to be TNBC and have somatic TP53 mutations than non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. Missense driver mutations in TP53 are known to have different functional effects including loss-of function (LOF) or gain-of-function (GOF) activity. A subset of variants exhibit dominant negative (DNE) activity over wildtype TP53 or other TP53 family members. Methods: To determine if there were differences in TP53 mutation type by race or TNBC status we identified published and unpublished datasets with somatic mutation data, race, age, and hormone receptor status. Mutations were classified as LOF, GOF or CpG Island hotspot by published literature or type of mutation (e.g. frameshift and nonsense mutations were considered to be LOF). We used Fisher’s Exact test to assess for significant differences.Results: We identified 96 independent breast cancer studies with race and somatic TP53 mutation status available. The study comprised data from a total of 2964 women with somatic TP53 mutations: 715 (24.1%) Asian, 258 (8.7%) AA, 1931 (65.2%) NHW, and 60 (2%) Latina. Of the total TP53 mutations, 939 (31.7%) were GOF, 1739 (58.7%) were LOF, and the remaining 286 (9.6%) were not able to be classified. With respect to DNE activity, 1246 (42%) showed activity, 1190 (40.1%) showed no activity, and 528 (17.8%) were unknown status. The distribution of TP53 mutation type was similar by race and ethnicity. However, 35.8% of tumors from NHW individuals had GOF mutations compared to 29% in AA individuals (p=0.04). Mutations lacking DNE activity were positively associated with TNBC (OR=1.37, p=0.03) and estrogen receptor (ER) negative status (OR=1.38; p=0.005). Conclusions: In summary, ER negative and TNBC breast tumors are less likely to have DNE+ TP53 mutations which could reflect biological processes. Larger cohorts are needed to further elucidate some of these findings.
Identifying oceanographic conditions conducive to coastal impacts on temperate open coastal beaches and the importance of empirical impact data
Authors: Leach Chloe , Hague Ben S. , Kennedy David M. , Carvalho Rafael C. , Ierodiaconou Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Warnings issued by meteorological or oceanographic agencies are a common means of allowing people to prepare for likely impactful events. Quantifying the relationships between ocean conditions and coastal impacts is crucial for developing operational coastal hazard warnings. Existing studies have largely omitted empirical data, relying on modelling to estimate total water levels and impact potentials. It is well documented that site-specific conditions influence local morphodynamics and as such, detailed data related to the physical environment is a necessary component of these existing approaches. The capacity to collect this data is not always available and there is a need for the inclusion of physical impact events to properly quantify the effects of natural hazards and identify the conditions that they are likely to occur. We propose an alternative empirically-based framework for isolating oceanic conditions that are conducive to impact along open coasts, using two case studies from Victoria, southeast Australia: Port Fairy and Inverloch. Oceanic conditions were defined using data obtained from a WAVEWATCH III (WW3) model hindcast, assessed against newly-installed wave buoys, which evidenced variation in mean conditions between the two sites. We coupled impact-based data derived from citizen-science and social media to modelled and observational data, to identify the oceanic conditions that led to these impacts. We found heterogeneity in the response of the case study locations to deviations from the local mean wave characteristics and still water levels. This paper demonstrates a framework through which impact-based thresholds for erosion could be developed for management applications and early-warning systems.
Associations of Serum Lipids with Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Centenarians
Authors: Chen Yujian , Huang Ya , Ning ChaoXue , Zhu Qiao , Yao Yao , Zhao Yali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Dyslipidaemia and cognitive impairment are common in old adults and risks of both of them increase with increasing age. However, the relationship between lipids and cognitive impairment in longevous people is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between serum lipids and cognitive impairment in Chinese centenarians.
Methods

In a cross-sectional study, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were biochemically measured in 924 centenarians and cognitive functions were evaluated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations of lipids with cognitive impairment and the risks for cognitive impairment associated with quartile of serum lipid concentrations.
Results

The results demonstrated HDL-C was an independent beneficial factor for cognitive impairment after controlling for the potential covariates (Odds ratio, OR = 0.350, 95% Confidence interval, CI = 0.159–0.774; P = 0.009). An inverse association of HDL-C with cognitive impairment was found (P for trend = 0.001) and the association remained significant after adjusting for possible cofounders (P for trend = 0.012). The OR of cognitive impairment for the lowest versus highest quartiles of HDL-C was 1.96 (95%CI, 1.09–3.45).
Conclusions

The results indicated that low HDL-C is likely to be harmful for cognitive functions in centenarians. The cognitive function of longevous persons with low HDL-C concentrations deserves more attention.
Brain responses to strong desire to void with synchronous urodynamics in healthy adults: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study based on graph theory
Authors: ying xiaoqian , Gao Yi , Liao Limin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

The alternations of brain responses to strong desire to void during a urodynamic study were unclear. The present study aims to identify the functional brain network's topologic property changes evoked by a strong desire to void in healthy male and female adults with synchronous urodynamics using a graph theory analysis.
Methods

The bladders of eleven healthy males and eleven females were filled with a catheter in a specific infusion and withdrawal pattern. The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the enrolled subjects was scanned under the empty bladder and strong desire to void states. Automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas was used to identify the ninety cortical and subcortical regions. Pearson's correlation calculations were performed to establish a brain connection matrix. A paired t-test (P < 0.05) and Bonferroni correction were applied to identify the significant statistical differences in topologic properties between the two states, including small-world network property parameters [gamma (γ) and lambda (λ)], characteristic path length (Lp), clustering coefficient (Cp), global efficiency (Eglob), local efficiency (Eloc) and regional nodal efficiency (Enodal).
Results

Significantly, a small-world network property was presented in all subjects. The significantly decreased Cp, Lp, Eloc, and increased Eglob were detected in the female subjects under the strong desire to void. Notably, the increased Enodal was observed in left the orbital part of middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, median cingulate and middle occipital gyrus, and bilateral inferior parietal gyrus, gyrus rectus and supramarginal gyrus. In the male subjects, the increased Enodal presented in right frontal operculum and medial superior frontal gyrus, left supplementary motor area and the bilateral supramarginal gyrus. On the other hand, the significant decreased Enodal in female subjects was detected in the bilateral calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex, lingual gyrus, and fusiform gyrus. The decreased Enodal in male subjects presented in right inferior occipital gyrus and thalamus.
Conclusions

In the study, there were potential gender differences in functional brain network's topologic property alternations in response to the strong desire to void under a repetitive infusion and withdrawal pattern.
Pollution Intensity of Hazardous Metals, Microbiome and Potential Bacterial-Based Toxic Metal Sequestration of Coal Mine Drainage
Authors: Oyetibo Ganiyu , Enahoro Joy , Ikwubuzo Chimuanya , Ukwuoma Chiamaka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Drains from coal mine remain a worrisome point source of toxic metal/metalloid pollutions to surface- and ground-waters worldwide, requiring sustainable remediation strategies. Understanding the microbial community subtleties through integrated metagenomic and geochemical data elicit selection of autochthonous bacteria consortium, spurring decommissioning of drains before discharge to hydrosphere. The drains contained characteristic sulphates (313.0 ± 15.9 mg/l), carbonate (253.0 ± 22.4 mg/l), and nitrate (86.6 ± 41.0 mg/l), having extreme tendencies to enrich receiving environments with extremely high pollution load index (3110 ± 942) for toxic metals/metalloid. The drains exerted severe degree of toxic metals/metalloid contamination (3,400,000 ± 240,000) and consequent astronomically high ecological risks in the order: Lead > Cadmium > Arsenic > Nickel > Cobalt > Iron > Chromium. Metagenome of the drains revealed dominance of Proteobacteria (50.8%) and Bacteroidetes (18.9%) among bacterial community, whereas, Ascomycota (60.8%) and Ciliophora (12.6%) dominated the eukaryotic community. A consortium of 7 autochthonous bacterial OTUs exhibited excellent urease activities (≥ 253 µmol urea/min.) with subsequent stemming of acidic pH to > 8.2 and sequestration of toxic metals (approx. 100% efficiency) as precipitates (15.6 ± 0.92 mg/ml). The coal mine drain is a point source for metals/metalloid pollution to surrounding hydrosphere, and its bioremediation is achievable with the bacteria consortium.
Low-Dose Methylprednisolone Therapy for Intravenous Immunoglobulin-Resistant&nbsp;Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Zhuang Yibo , Zheng Hongxue , Zhu Lingtao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background The dose of methylprednisolone therapy for intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease (IVIG-resistant KD) remains controversial. The study aims to investigate the effect of low-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) therapy on children with IVIG-resistant KD. Methods 36 IVIG-resistant KD children were recruited. Coronary artery lesions (CAL) were recorded before these children were first treated with IVIG. 15 patients were treated with a second course of IVIG (2 g/kg/dose) after unsuccessful treatment with IVIG (2 g/kg/dose), named IVIG group. 21 patients with IVIG-resistant KD were treated with a second course of IVIG and low-dose IVMP (2 mg/kg/day) for 3-5 days after unsuccessful treatment with IVIG, named IVIG+IVMP group, including 8 patients with CAL and 13 patients without CAL. The level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in serum was detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results The treatment was successful in 21 (100%) of the patients who received additional IVIG along with IVMP and 10 (66.7%) who received additional IVIG. In IVIG+IVMP group, BNP decreased significantly after patients received additional IVIG along with IVMP. 72h After treated with additional IVIG and IVMP, there was no difference of BNP levels between patients with CAL and without CAL in IVIG+IVMP group. None of the patients was with CAL followed up for 1 year in IVIG+IVMP group.Conclusion This study suggest that low-dose IVMP along with additional IVIG is an effective treatment for IVIG-resistant KD, and low-dose IVMP increases no risk of CAL.
Organisational factors affecting Emergency Medical Services’ performance in rural and urban areas of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazy Ahmed Ramdan M , Fraser John , Wark Stuart 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:There is a disparity in outcomes between rural and urban emergency medical services (EMS) in both developed and developing countries. However, there is a scarcity of research that directly asks EMS staff in both rural and urban areas of developing countries how service delivery could be improved. The aim of the present study is to gain insights from frontline workers regarding organisational factors that may underpin discrepancies between rural and urban EMS performance.Subject and Methods:The study was undertaken in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia, with 20 participants (10 rural, 10 urban) drawn from Saudi Red Crescent EMS. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken between October 2019 and July 2020. All interviews were conducted in Arabic, transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Results:Data analyses identified key organisational factors that resulted in barriers and impediments for EMS staff. Differences and similarities were observed between rural and urban respondents, with identified issues including response and transportation time, service coordination, reason for call-out, as well as human and physical resourcing.Conclusion:The findings identified key issues impacting on EMS performance across both rural and urban areas. In order to address these problems, changes are recommended. These recommendations include a comprehensive review of rural EMS vehicles, with a particular focus on the age; incentives to improve the numbers of paramedics in rural areas and more localised specialist training opportunities for rurally-based personnel; and the implementation of national public education program focusing on the role of the EMS.
2017-2018 Assisted Reproduction Cost Analysis performance indexes: Lombardy County Case Study
Authors: Levi-Setti Paolo Emanuele , Busnelli Andrea , Bodina Annalisa , Roberto Roberto De Luca , Scaravelli Giulia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective The present study investigated the cost per delivery for all public reimbursed ART cycles performed in Lombardy. MethodsAnalysis of costs for the 2017 and 2018 Delivery and Cumulative Delivery Rates extracted from the ART Italian Registry on oocytes retrieval, fresh and frozen embryos and oocytes performed in 22 Lombardy IVF Units. ResultsIn 2017, 29,718 procedures were performed, resulting in 4,543 pregnancies and 3,253 deliveries. In 2018, there were 29,708 procedures, 4,665 pregnancies and 3,348 deliveries. Pregnancies lost to follow up were 5.0% with a (range of 0 to 67.68%) in 2017 and 3.4% (range of 0 to 45.1%) in 2018. The cost reimbursement for the cycles were €2,232 ($2,611) for oocyte retrieval and €2,194 ($2,567) for embryo transfer, excluding ovarian stimulation therapy and luteal phase support.The mean multiple pregnancy delivery rate (MDR) in all 22 IVF centers was 11.08% ± 5,55% (range 0.00% -22.73%) in 2017 and 10.41% ± 4.99 (range 1.33% - 22.22%) in 2018. The mean cost for delivery in euros was 26,227 ± 14,737 in 2017 and 25,018 ± 16,039. The cost difference among centers was 12,480 - 76,725 in 2017 and 12,973 - 86,203 in 2018.Conclusions Our findings suggest the formulation of specific KPI’s (Key performance indexes) and minimal performance indexes (PI) as a basis for the allocation of public or insurance resources. In particular, the reduction of multiple pregnancy rates costs, may lead to a more widespread use of ART even in lower resources countries.
Epidemiological investigation reveals local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 lineage P.1 in Southern Brazil
Authors: Salvato Richard Steiner , Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer , Campos Aline Alves Scarpellini , Crescente Lara Villanova , Vallandro Marcelo Jostmeier , Ranieri Tani Maria Schilling , Vizeu Sabrina , Martins Letícia Garay , Silva Eduardo Viegas da , Pedroso Ellen Regina , Burille Andreia , Baethgen Ludmila Fiorenzano , Schiefelbein Sun Hee , Machado Taís Raquel Marcon , Becker Irina Marieta , Ramos Raquel , Piazza Cláudia Fasolo , Nunes Zenaida Marion Alves , Bastos Cynthia Goulart Molina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Since its detection in December of 2020, the SARS-CoV2 lineage P.1, descendent of B.1.1.28 lineage, has been identified in several places in Brazil and abroad. This Variant of Concern was considered highly prevalent in Northern Brazil and now is rapidly widening its geographical range. In this short communication, we present epidemiological and genomic information of the first case of P1 lineage in Rio Grande do Sul state, in a patient with no reported travel history and a tracked transmission chain. These findings occurred in a tourist destination representing an important hub receiving tourists from diverse places.
Hair Care Products Manufacturing Wastewaters: Toxicity and test Organism Sensitivity
Authors: Melo Elisa Dias de , Mounteer Ann Honor 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wastewater from two (A and B) small-scale hair care product manufacturers located in the state of Minas Gerais were characterized, with regard to physical, chemical and ecotoxicological parameters. Wastewater characteristics typical for this industrial sector were found in three samples collected at each manufacturing plant, with high levels of both particulate and dissolved organic matter (soluble and total COD), oils and grease and acute toxicity to the microcrustacean Daphnia similis (EC50 < 0.5 %). Strong positive correlations between turbidity, oils and grease and acute toxicity were observed. It is worth mentioning that only one of the manufacturers operates a wastewater treatment plant, while the second discharges untreated wastewater to a local sewer system. Furthermore, neither of the two cities where the enterprises are located has a municipal sewage treatment plant, aggravating environmental impacts of the industrial contributions to sewage discharges in receiving waters. A battery of tests was performed with species from three trophic levels (primary producers and primary and secondary consumers) to select the most sensitive test organisms to the wastewaters evaluated. The microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia is indicated for use in routine monitoring, since it exhibited the highest sensitivities to hair care products wastewaters, for both acute and chronic effects.
The Effect of Ecological Factors on Cats’ Weight in Tehran
Authors: Rahimi Farid 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Some animals live in cities like humans. So, humans affect their life intentionally or unintentionally. Waste production is only one of the human effects on the urban ecosystem. The waste produced by human supply some of the food needed by urban cats. This research is the first study in the world to measure the cats’ weight to investigate the effect of the increase or decrease in urban wastes on physical status of cats. In the first phase of the research (Spring 2016-Winter 2017) in Tehran, we found that the average volume of the collected wastes had increased by 14% and it had led to a 1% increase in the average weight of cats in the mentioned period. The 9.5% decrease in the waste volume in Autumn 2016 had led to the decrease in the average weight of cats in Winter 2017. The male cats were more affected by the decrease in waste volume.
educação ambiental em curso formativo: uma proposta para a formação de jovens do ensino médio por meio das artes
Authors: EZIDIO Thiago , ALVES Dayanne da Silva , LUCAS Lucken Bueno , POLETTO Rodrigo de Souza 
Published: March 2021

Resumo: Considerando as macrotendências que se referem aos segmentos da Educação Ambiental, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver ações que mitigassem os problemas ambientais. Para o alcance deste objetivo foram utilizadas práticas artísticas e ambientais visando o ensino de Educação Ambiental aos jovens do Ensino médio. Durante um curso, foram desenvolvidas atividades compostas por práticas a campo estruturadas em conceitos agroflorestais, resíduos sólidos urbanos mediadas por atividades artísticas, com animações e desenhos de observação (mapeamento ambiental). Os resultados mostraram que abordagens artísticas e práticas ambientais ajudam a promover um processo de sensibilização ambiental por serem integrativas com o meio ambiente, para tanto os cursistas realizaram apontamentos ilustrativos sobre problemas ambientais tendo como destaque resíduos de sólidos urbanos, posteriormente sugeriram a implantação de uma horta em uma área abandonada dentro da Universidade, estes processos contribuíram para que aos alunos adquirissem uma visão consciente dos recursos naturais e preservação do meio ambiente.
Palavras-Chaves: Educação ambiental. Práticas artísticas. Resíduos sólidos urbanos.
Área Temática: Educação Ambiental