bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The untold subgenre
Authors: Magyar Zoltán 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The history of international folklore research has seen several attempts to systematise the folklore texts. The (fairy) tale research has been the most productive, with nearly one hundred national tale catalogues available as well as the international tale catalogue at its fourth, improved edition. In contrast to tale and other epic genre (ballad, exemplum), the last 110 years of legend research have resulted in only a handful of books that systematised the folk heritage of the genre. Apart from a dozen of catalogues of aetiological and belief legends, until the publication of the Hungarian book series The
Catalogue of Hungarian Historical Legends I‒XI, 2018, no comprehensive type- or motif index of national legends was available. This study is a review of the international pursuits in the European folklore research directed to systematise historical legends, which, to date, due to various reasons, have been only partially successful.
Justice Model in Latin American Folklore
Authors: Osmushina Anastasia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present epoch is the time of intense international communication. Effective interaction of ethnicities demands, however, to construct the dialogue of cultures on the basis of justice. Moreover, we argue that local justice models need to take priority over the international justice model. Local justice models are reflected in folklore. In this article, we analyze Colombian, Peruvian, Venezuelan, and Bolivian ethnic tales of justice. The purpose of our research is to reveal and systematize justice models in Latin American folklore including contextual, general, private, evolutionary, demographic, historical, divine, ecological, restorative, formal, selective, procedural, and other justice models.
When are multiplicative semi-derivations additive?
Authors: Siddeeque Mohammad Aslam , Khan Nazim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Let R be an associative ring. A multiplicative semi-derivation d is a map on R satisfying

d
⁢

(

x
⁢
y

)

=

d
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
g
⁢

(
y
)

+

x
⁢
d
⁢

(
y
)

=

d
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
y

+

g
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
d
⁢

(
y
)

and

d
⁢

(

g
⁢

(
x
)

)

=

g
⁢

(

d
⁢

(
x
)

)

{d(xy)=d(x)g(y)+xd(y)=d(x)y+g(x)d(y)\quad\text{and}\quad d(g(x))=g(d(x))}

for all

x
,
y

∈
R

{x,y\in R}

, where g is any map on R. In this paper, we have obtained some conditions on R, which make d additive. Finally, we have also shown that every multiplicative semi-derivation on

M
n

⁢

(
ℂ
)

{M_{n}(\mathbb{C})}

, the algebra of all

n
×
n

{n\times n}

matrices over the field

ℂ

{\mathbb{C}}

of complex numbers, is an additive derivation.
Combination therapy of calcitriol inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells: new concept of nonclassical function of calcitriol
Authors: Aljunidee Khuzama A. , Bardaweel Sanaa K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the anticancer effects of calcitriol and cholecalciferol against different cell lines of breast cancer in monotherapy settings and in combination with raloxifene.

Methods
The antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and apoptotic induction effects were assessed by MTT, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, respectively.

Results
Calcitriol and cholecalciferol exhibited antiproliferative effects against T47D, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 in a time and concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 values of calcitriol were in the range of 0.05–0.25 μM while that for cholecalciferol were in the range of 3–100 μM. Furthermore, the results showed that calcitriol and cholecalciferol exhibited anti-migratory effects on MDA-MB-231, an apoptotic induction effect on MCF-7 cells, and a synergistic effect when combined with raloxifene.

Conclusions
Calcitriol and cholecalciferol exhibited anticancer effects and may be used as chemosensitizers.
The associations between working memory and the effects of multimedia input on L2 vocabulary learning
Authors: Teng Mark Feng , Zhang Danyang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The efficient use of working memory (WM) increases the potential of a learner’s cognitive abilities in learning through multimedia. The present study aims to explore the role of working memory in vocabulary learning through multimedia input. In particular, we explore the possible associations between two components of WM – executive WM and phonological short-term memory (PSTM) – and the effects of three types of input conditions (Definition + Word information + Video, Definition + Word information, and Definition) on second language (L2) vocabulary learning. A total of 95 students completed learning under the three conditions and took two WM tests: a reading span test, which measures complex executive WM, and a non-word span test, which gauges PSTM. We administered a vocabulary knowledge test, which included receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge, immediately and after two weeks. Our findings, based on repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), support the pronounced effects of the Definition + Word information + Video condition in vocabulary learning and retention, as well as the significant role of complex and phonological WM in vocabulary learning and retention under the three conditions. Theoretical and pedagogical implications concerning the role of WM in vocabulary learning through multimedia input are discussed.
Pathophysiological effects of cadmium(II) on human health-a critical review
Authors: Bhattacharyya Kaustav , Sen Debrup , Laskar Payel , Saha Tania , Kundu Gautam , Ghosh Chaudhuri Alok , Ganguly Subhadeep 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cadmium(II) is an omnipresent environmental toxicant emitted from various industrial sources and by anthropogenic sources such as smoking. Cadmium(II) enters our body through various sources including contaminated food and drinks and from active or passive smoking. It spares no organs in our body and the calamities it invites include primarily nephrotoxicity, osteotoxicity, teratogenicity, endocrine disruption, hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity above all. It brings about a bolt from the blue in the cellular biochemistry by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupting the factors involved in the repair of DNA lesions and many other toxic nuisances otherwise by modulating the cell signalling machinery and acting as a potent carcinogen above all. In this review, we have tried to decipher some of the mechanisms played by cadmium(II) in exhibiting its toxic effects on various system of our body.
Swarna Prashana– faith in the embrace of research
Authors: Verma Shruti , Rathia Satyawati , Chandravanshi Lowkesh , Gupta Prashant Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChildhood needs diverse nutritional requirements. Poor appetite, lifestyle changes, and poor digestion affects child immunity and make them prone to diseases.Kaumarabhritya, a branch of Ayurveda which deals in child and adolescent health care, has a unique concept ofSwarna Prashana(SP) to promote generalized immunity and intellect.SPis commonly recommended to children between 0 and 12 years of age and given as a general health promoter to improve intellect, digestion, strength, immunity, longevity, and complexion. Multiple benefits ofSPare mentioned in different Samhitas which needs to be explored on scientific background. Authors have highlighted content variabilities, plausible mechanisms, research tasks and potentials, lacunae, and future prospects aboutSP.This manuscript is a spotlight on current social, clinical, marketing, and scientific information ofSwarna Prashana. SPcan be a cost-effective, safe, infrastructure compatible, and prevention-centric approach to improve children’s overall health status and has the potential to serve as a positive health care program for children.
MitoQ inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by enhancing PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy
Authors: Dou Shi-Ying , Zhang Jiu-Na , Xie Xiao-Li , Liu Ting , Hu Jun-Li , Jiang Xiao-Yu , Wang Miao-Miao , Jiang Hui-Qing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mitophagy affects the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that reduces the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, its relationship with mitophagy remains unclear. This study evaluated mitophagy during HSC activation and the effects of MitoQ on mitophagy in cell culture and in an animal model of the activation of HSCs. We found that MitoQ reduced the activation of HSCs and alleviated hepatic fibrosis. PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) is a putative serine/threonine kinase located in the mitochondria’s outer membrane. While the activation of primary HSCs or LX-2 cells was associated with reduced PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, MitoQ reduced intracellular ROS levels, enhanced PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, and inhibited the activation of HSCs. After knocking down the key mitophagy-related protein, PINK1, in LX-2 cells to block mitophagy, MitoQ intervention failed to inhibit HSC activation. Our results showed that MitoQ inhibited the activation of HSCs and alleviated hepatic fibrosis by enhancing PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy.
Study on vibration monitoring and anti-vibration of overhead transmission line
Authors: Yin Weihua , Lin Li 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Numerous forms of dampers are used to eliminate the vibrations in transmission lines. In the contemporaneous editorial, a survey has been done on vibrations monitoring and anti-vibration of overhead transmission line of transmission lines having multiple dampers for dissimilar cable sizes. To investigate the outcome of the position of dampers on extreme strains created in the line. A comprehensive survey of the extreme strains created is also made for several wind power input conventions. A finite element technique is used to measure the frequency and manner figures of the cable with and without a damper. The response of the bare conductor, loaded conductor, the conductor for various dampers’ location is also studied. Spoilers and torsional dampers are maximum actual in diminishing electrode galloping, while dampers are quite the utmost effectual plans for aeolian shakings and spiral dampers are admirable for identical lesser width of electrodes.
Analytical bond behavior of cold drawn SMA crimped fibers considering embedded length and fiber wave depth
Authors: Ho Ha Vinh , Choi Eunsoo , Kang Jun Won 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The NiTi SMA fibers were cold drawn to introduce prestrain, and then, they were made to crimped fibers with various wave depths. The recovery stress was measured, which was useful for closing the cracks in fiber-reinforced concrete. The pullout behaviors were also examined considering the existing recovery stress, and it is found that the recovery stress did not influence so much on the pullout behavior. According to the pullout results, a parametric study used a finite element analyzing (FEA) model to quantify the cohesive surface model’s parameters and the value of the friction coefficient. Then, the developed model is used to investigate the crimped fiber’s pullout behavior with various embedded lengths and wave depths. When the fiber in the elastic range, the peak stresses significantly raise due to increasing embedded waves; they show a linear relationship. After the yield of the SMA fiber, the peak stresses are also a function of embedded waves; however, the increasing trend is slow down. Concerning the cost, the even distribution of the fiber, and for guaranteeing the fiber experiences the pulling out, it is recommended that the embedded lengths and corresponding wave depths should be designed to avoid the yield.
Porphyry and ancient scholarship on Iliad 10.252–253: Edition, translation and discussion
Authors: Verhasselt Gertjan , Mayhew Robert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In Iliad 10, Odysseus claims that ‘more night has passed | than two parts, but still a third part remains’ (252–253). This gave rise to a Homeric problem, which received a great deal of attention from ancient scholars: If more than two parts of the night have passed, how can a third part remain? The main source for a variety of solutions to it is a lengthy discussion written along the perimeter of three pages of Venetus B, an important manuscript of the Iliad. The source of this text is almost certainly Porphyry’s Homeric Questions. Porphyry presents six different solutions, including those of Apion, Chrysippus and Aristotle (this last a fragment from his lost Homeric Problems), as well as a discussion of Odysseus as astronomer. The present paper includes: a critical edition of this text based on a fresh inspection of the manuscript, yielding new readings; an English translation; notes to the text; and an interpretive essay. The paper demonstrates the limitations of earlier editors of the text, and the hope is that it will serve as an example of how properly to approach and present the fragments of Porphyry’s Homeric Questions. It also turns out that, for quotations from the Iliad and Odyssey, Porphyry often does not provide the text attributed to him in the recent Homer editions of West.
How the cation size impacts on the relaxational and diffusional dynamics of supercooled butylammonium-based ionic liquids: DPEBA–TFSI versus BTMA–TFSI
Authors: Münzner Philipp , Gainaru Catalin , Böhmer Roland 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Li-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide based ionic liquids with either butyl-trimethylammonium or N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-(propionyloxy)-ethyl)butan-1-ammonium as the anion were studied using proton and fluorine relaxometry as well as using field-gradient diffusometry to gain separate access to cation and anion dynamics in these compounds. The transport parameters obtained for these ionic liquids are compared with the estimates based on the conductivity data from literature and from the present work. The impact of cation size on correlation effects, the latter parameterized in terms of various Haven ratios, is mapped out.
Aging Enhances Neural Activity in Auditory, Visual, and Somatosensory Cortices: The Common Cause Revisited
Authors: Alain Claude , Chow Ricky , Lu Jing , Rabi Rahel , Sharma Vivek V. , Shen Dawei , Anderson Nicole D. , Binns Malcolm , Hasher Lynn , Yao Dezhong , Freedman Morris 
Published: November 2021

In humans, age-related declines in vision, hearing, and touch coincide with changes in amplitude and latency of sensory-evoked potentials. These age-related differences in neural activity may be related to a common deterioration of supra-modal brain areas (e.g., PFC) that mediate activity in sensory cortices or reflect specific sensorineural impairments that may differ between sensory modalities. To distinguish between these two possibilities, we measured neuroelectric brain activity while 37 young adults (18-30 years, 18 males) and 35 older adults (60-88 years, 20 males) were presented with a rapid randomized sequence of lateralized auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli. Within each sensory domain, we compared amplitudes and latencies of sensory-evoked responses, source activity, and functional connectivity (via phase-locking value) between groups. We found that older adults' early sensory-evoked responses were greater in amplitude than those of young adults in all three modalities, which coincided with enhanced source activity in auditory, visual, and somatosensory cortices. Older adults also showed stronger neural synchrony than young adults between superior prefrontal and sensory cortices; and in older adults, the degree of phase synchrony was positively correlated with the magnitude of source activity in sensory areas. Critically, older adults who showed enhanced neural activity in one sensory domain also showed enhanced activity in other modalities. Together, these findings support the common cause hypothesis of aging and highlight the role of prefrontal regions in exerting top-down control over sensory cortices.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA prominent theory of aging posits that age-related declines in sensory processing across domains are related to a single common neurobiological mechanism. However, the neural evidence supporting this common cause hypothesis has remained elusive. Our study revealed robust age-related changes in three sensory domains across a range of neural metrics. Importantly, older adults who showed increased neural activity within one sensory domain also showed enhanced neural activity in the other two sensory modalities. No such relation among activity in sensory cortices was observed in young adults. Age-related increases in neural activity in sensory cortices coincided with enhanced neural synchrony between the PFC and sensory cortices, underlining the importance of the PFC in regulating sensory processing.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kuo Alice 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication difficulties and restrictive or repetitive behaviors and interests.Early behavioral intervention has been demonstrated to improve some developmental outcomes.According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, the diagnosis of ASD is made clinically and is not dependent on any specific instrument or tool.Educational advocacy may be necessary as a child with ASD progresses through school, to ensure that services match appropriate educational goals as the child ages.Transition planning can ensure that services are not dropped when an adolescent with ASD becomes a young adult.Neurodiversity is an important framework for supporting adults with ASD to have meaningful roles in society.
Failure to Thrive
Authors: Adam Henry M. 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Bright Futures prefers the term pediatric undernutrition to failure to thrive. Thorough history and physical examination are the keys to diagnosis, with laboratory evaluation most often not helpful. Comprehensive feeding and social histories are key. Detailed anthropometric measurements over time are critical. The severity of the child’s condition dictates the approach to treatment, which should focus on nutritional rehabilitation, parental education, and behavioral intervention. Although most children with mild undernutrition do well with adequate follow-up, more severely affected children need aggressive interventions to mitigate developmental, behavioral, and social morbidity.
Joint Pain
Authors: Tsao Ronald 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Concerning red-flag signs and symptoms for joint pain include ill appearance, spiking fevers, pinpoint bony tenderness, nocturnal bone pain, unexplained bruising, and inability to bear weight.A red, warm, swollen, and tender joint may represent septic arthritis and is a medical emergency that should be evaluated as soon as possible.A joint effusion is never normal and warrants further evaluation.In the well-appearing patient with nonsignificant joint pain, it is usually fine to try conservative therapy first with strict precautions of returning if pain worsens or does not improve after 1 week of conservative therapy.
Macrocephaly
Authors: Adam Henry M. 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Accurate measurement of head circumference and assessment of the pattern of head growth are fundamental. Family history of genetic, neurologic, and developmental disorders can direct further evaluation. Examination must include thorough neurologic evaluation, especially for signs of raised intracranial pressure, attention to possible dysmorphic features and congenital anomalies, and careful developmental assessment. Parents and siblings with large heads who are otherwise normal are reassuring.
Microcephaly
Authors: Adam Henry 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Microcephaly is a physical finding, not a diagnosis.Can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develops postnatally).Careful measurements with proper technique plotted on the appropriate growth chart (World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or special population) are essential.Thorough history and physical examination are key to distinguishing syndromic from isolated microcephaly.
Vaginal Discharge
Authors: Watt Mridula B. 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Vaginal discharge is caused by infection, inflammation, or changes in the vaginal flora. Vaginal discharge in the prepubertal child can be caused by infection, congenital abnormalities, trauma, or dermatologic conditions. Nonspecific vaginitis is the most common gynecologic problem in the prepubertal child. Prepubertal hypoestrogenic tissues are more susceptible to local irritants, foreign bodies, and infections. Most common causes of vaginitis in postpubertal women are bacterial vaginosis and vaginal candidiasis (Candida vulvovaginitis). Laboratory documentation of etiology of vaginal discharge is mandatory prior to treatment. Target treatment to etiology.
Down Syndrome
Authors: Duan Susan 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Occurs in approximately 1 in 730 live births and incidence closely related to age of mother.Caused by chromosomal abnormality trisomy 21 with 3 copies of chromosome 21 or, less commonly, with translocation to another chromosome.Most individuals have intellectual disability (varying degrees) as well as characteristic physical features.Can be diagnosed prenatally or with chromosome analysis after birth.Requires close care and coordination in early infancy and throughout childhood and adulthood because of increased prevalence of numerous other health issues, such as congenital heart disease, gastrointestinal anomalies, thyroid disease, celiac disease, and sleep apnea.
Hemoglobinopathies and Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Kamat Deepak M. 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Inherited hemoglobin disorders account for most common single-gene defect in humans.Thalassemias are caused by mutations in the globin gene cluster, resulting in a decrease in globin chain synthesis while structural hemoglobinopathies usually result from a point mutation in the α- or β-globin gene that causes a functional abnormality.High-performance liquid chromatography has become the test of choice for the diagnosis of thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies because it reliably separates different hemoglobins.Newborn screening has helped with early diagnosis and management, thus decreasing morbidity and improving longevity.Blood transfusion, and appropriate use of iron chelating agents are mainstay of the treatment. Use of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis starting from the neonatal period and appropriate vaccinations have decreased morbidity and improved survival in patients with sickle cell disease.
Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Weimer Amy 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical (genital) sex is atypical for that expected for a male or female.Most DSDs are caused by genetic mutations in hormone metabolism or action or in gonadal development.The evaluation for a suspected DSD in the newborn period involves a detailed gestational and family history, as well as a detailed examination of genitalia.Late or atypical pubertal development, or fertility concerns, may indicate an undiagnosed DSD.Care through a specialized multidisciplinary program is optimal, but pediatricians have an important role in providing resources and psychosocial support and in navigating family discussions.
Sports Medicine
Authors: Tsao Ronald 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
A joint effusion is never normal and requires further evaluation and imaging.Athletes should not be allowed to play sports while still exhibiting symptoms of a concussion.Athletes should be asymptomatic for at least 24 hours after being diagnosed with a concussion before starting a return-to-play protocol preferably under the supervision/direction of the physician, physical therapist, or athletic trainer.The athlete should ideally be pain free with normal range of motion and no swelling before they are allowed to practice without restrictions and play in competition.