bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculation of the power required to operate a tethered unmanned airborne platform in gust conditions
Authors: Vishnevsky V M , Shirvanyan A M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This work aims to assess the necessary power for a tethered high-altitude unmanned airborne platform, in which the propulsion system and payload are powered from a ground-based cable power source. A summary and solution to a system of differential equations are given to describe the spatial position of the cable and its action on the high-altitude unmanned platform in gust conditions. The mass of the airborne platform including payload, the effect of the cable on the airborne platform, and its wind resistance are taken into account when calculating the power. The paper describes the system architecture, consisting of a ground station, a cable, and an airborne platform, and presents the results of field tests, which showed good agreement with the results of theoretical studies.
Design of local heterogeneous system control networks of a new generation with the preservation of the optimality of the main topological functionals of the network
Authors: Karavay M F , Mikhailov A M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper discusses On-Board Computing Control Systems (OBCS) in astronautics, avionics, autonomous mobile devices, robotics, weapons control and multi-core microprocessors. This is sort of a “backbone”, which unites many sensors, calculators, control and executive devices. The architecture of these networks was developed some 30-40 years ago. At that time, these systems met the technical conditions in terms of dynamics and reliability. Nowadays, these systems must perform their functions for 10 to 15 years without maintenance. The performance of system networks must be high enough to solve such tasks as monitoring “swarms” that comprise hundreds of objects or work as a “garbage collectors” in space orbits. Nevertheless modern system networks continue to be based on bus or multi-bus architectures. Since these systems are serial for active nodes, a multi-bus solution is a main way to increase the performance of networks by using very high frequencies that amount to 2 ÷ 4 GHz. It’s an extensive path of development, which is problematic. More acceptable would be an intensive path of development, which, in electronics and computer engineering, is associated with the parallelism of task execution. It means that the operating frequencies may not be ultra-high, not exceeding that of modern devices for frequencies of 10 – 600 MHz. However, such devices should work in a parallel mode. The paper proposes a new approach to designing of heterogeneous parallel control system networks, solving parallel tasks, and a conflict-free management of “passive” nodes. To the best of our knowledge, such control system networks are not available as yet.
Decision Support System for Evaluating Elements of Data Transmission Systems
Authors: Oleinikov A. A. , Sorokin A.A. , Beresnev I. A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The expansion of the coverage areas of telecommunications networks poses the task of improving the quality of service for telecom operators. Currently, in the conditions of transferring employees to a remote mode of operation, the access equipment of individuals is beginning to require much more attention to failures, as well as the communication equipment of legal entities. In both cases, the unavailability of the data transmission network associated with the failure can lead to various kinds of financial and administrative liability. In this paper, we propose algorithms that underlie the developed decision support system for evaluating the operational states of data transmission system elements. The system is designed for the analysis and formation of recommendations on conducting scheduled preventive maintenance or responding to pre-emergency and emergency incidents.
Methodology for improving the decision support system in order to reduce the probability of environmental accidents at gas production industry
Authors: Amshinov N M , Likhter A M , Azhmukhamedov I M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work is to establish the key correlations between the technological, economic and environmental characteristics of gas production industry. To solve this problem, methods of mathematical modeling, fuzzy logic, and management theory were used. A generalized criterion was constructed that serves to assess the cost characteristics of measures for the implementation of management decisions developed by the decision support system and aimed at reducing the probability of environmental accidents.
Control System of Assembly Production Organizational and Technological System of Automotive Cluster Factories
Authors: Shabanov A A , Averchenkova E E 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNew term “Assembly Production Organizational and Technological System” is proposed. The model of Assembly Production Organizational and Technological System developed by the authors is described. In the model, this system is considered as a set of subsystems included in it: Assembly Tools Subsystem, Calibration Equipment Subsystem, Spare Tools and Parts Subsystem. Control system of the Assembly Production Organizational and Technological System is described. Developed by the authors model of Assembly Tools Set Element, which is a part of the Assembly Tools Subsystem is described. Developed by the authors classification of elements of assembly tools set is provided. The authors divide the assembly tools set into the following groups of equipment: torque wrenches, non-programmable screwdrivers and nutrunners, multispeed programmable screwdrivers and nutrunners, tooling and adaptors. Assembly tools for tightening threaded joints are divided into 3 groups according to the level of automation of the tightening process. These groups are divided into subgroups according to the principles developed by the authors. Developed classification of elements of assembly tools set is expedient to be used in automotive cluster assembly factories and other factories which have a similar assembly tools set structure.
Development of a fuzzy expert system for power transformer diagnostics
Authors: Khlebtsov A P , Shilin A N , Rybakov A V , Yu Klyucharev A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an expert information system for assessing the technical condition of a power transformer is developed. The system will work on the basis of the fuzzy logic device, and provide operational information about the state of the power transformer. The paper uses fuzzy inference algorithms. The R programming language is used to write a program that uses fuzzy logic. We analyzed the data of chromatographic analysis of gases dissolved in oil, as well as the data of thermal imaging images, identifying the most heated points in power transformers. A database of fuzzy logic rules has been formed. Several examples of defuzzification of the results obtained by the center of gravity method are given. As a result of the program, a three-dimensional graph was obtained that characterizes the surface of the fuzzy output. The developed software package allows you to detect defects in working electrical equipment at an early stage of their development, which not only prevents a sudden shutdown of production as a result of an accident, but also significantly reduces the cost of repairing equipment and increases its service life
Algorithm for optical characterization of dielectric gradient index nanofilm by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Anisimov A V , Sh Khasanov I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A numerical algorithm for determining the refractive index profiles of gradient nanofilms is proposed. A physical justification for the necessity of using spectroscopic measurements in surface plasmon resonance sensing in addition to angular measurements for the unambiguous reconstruction of the shape of the gradient refractive index profile is given. The proposed approach can be effective for nanofilms made of dielectric materials transparent in the IR and THz range.
Application of Brillouin scattering in optic-fiber sensors
Authors: Bogachkov I V , Gorlov N I , Kitova E T , Monastyrskaya T I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article analyses possible applications for Brillouin scattering in optic-fiber sensors. They make it possible to do temperature and physical strain measurements with high accuracy for long line sections. The functional dependences of the output signals characteristics on parameters measured by the sensors are studied. Of particular interest are the results of the analysis of the spectral component shifts in the Brillouin light scattering depending on the fiber elongation and temperature. After a brief review of the basic theoretical principles the results of some researches aimed to expand the dynamic range and to increase spatial resolution. The results of simulation in professional design software environment OptiSystem 17.1. are described. The results are obtained by experimental research based on Brillouin reflectometer AQ8603 manufactured by “ANDO” (Japan). They show that it is possible to implement optic-fiber sensors based on Brillouin scattering in telecommunication systems, oil and gas industry, in electric-power industry, construction, aviation and space industry. The objectives for further research are to perform metrological analysis at all stages of the method implementation, to complete the base of Brillouin spectrograms for optical fiber of various types and to improve algorithms for automated processing spectra in order to expand functionality of the systems.
Mining wastes of the Russian North-West: microbiological prerequisites of reclamation
Authors: Abakumov E , Kimeklis A , Gladkov G , Andronov E , Zverev A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Russian North-West is the region with extremely high diversity of superficial mining wastes, deposited in form heaps and hills. These substrata are potentially dangerous for environments and. therefore, should be reclaimed. One of the most effective way of utilization of mineral wastes is to incorporate them to natural processes of revegetation and to initialize the priming of initial soil formation process. Thus, we have investigated microbial processes in very initial superficial ecosystems of numerous heaps of pre quaternary materials of former abandoned and recently explored quarries. The research question of this study: what groups of microorganisms we do have on the surface of mining mineral wastes and are we able to qualify their role in further recycling of mineral waste to natural processes, including pedogenesis and ecogenesis of terrestrial ecosystems. The great variation of taxonomy composition of microbiome composition was revealed. At the same time, some phylums of microorganisms were dominant in all revegetated heaps investigated - Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexia, Verrucomicrobia. They could be considered as a core components of very initial soil microbiome. Primary data have showed the increasing of microbial biodiversity with timing rate of waste exposure on surface.
Improved cellular automata model shows that indirect apoptotic cell death due to vascular damage enhances the local control of tumors by single fraction high-dose irradiation
Authors: Kawahara Daisuke , Nagata Yasushi , Watanabe Yoichi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigated the effects of indirect apoptotic cell death due to vascular damage on tumor response to a single large dose with an improved two-dimensional cellular automata model. The tumor growth was simulated by considering the oxygen and nutrients supplied to the tumor through the blood vessels. The cell damage processes were modeled by taking account of the direct cell death and the indirect death due to the radiation-induced vascular damages. The radiation increased the permeation of oxygen and nutrients through the blood vessel or caused the breakdown of the vasculature. The amount of oxygen in cancer cells affected the response of cancer cells to radiation and the tumor growth rate after irradiation. The lack of oxygen led to the apoptotic death of cancer cells. We calculated the tumor control probability (TCP) at different radiation doses, the probability of apoptotic death, the threshold of the oxygen level for indirect apoptotic death, the average oxygen level in cancer cells and the vessel survival probability after radiation damage. Due to the vessel damage, indirect cell death led to a 4% increase in TCP for the dose ranging from 15 Gy to 20 Gy. TCP increased with increasing the probability of apoptotic death and the threshold of the oxygen level for indirect apoptotic death due to increased apoptotic death. The variation of TCP as a function of the average oxygen level exhibited the minimum at the average oxygen level of 2.7%. The apoptosis increased as the average oxygen level decreased, leading to an increasing TCP. On the other hand, the direct radiation damage increased, and the apoptosis decreased for higher average oxygen level, resulting in a higher TCP. We showed by modeling the radiation damage of blood vessels in a 2D CA simulation that the indirect apoptotic death of cancer cells, caused by the reduction of the oxygen level due to vascular damage after high dose irradiation, increased TCP.
Transistors based on solution-processed 2D materials for chemical and biological sensing
Authors: Xu Wanzhen , Han Wei , Shen Junliang , Zhu Wenjie , Yang Wenming , Li Mengmeng , Yang Sheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted signifcant attention due to their unique chemical and physical characteristics. The specific structures and large surface area of 2D materials lead to great potentials in sensing applications with the advantages of high sensitivity, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. As a result, a great variety of devices have been developed based on 2D materials and utilized as electronic, chemical, biological, and even multifunctional sensors. Importantly, the high performance of these sensors is largely attributed to the synthetic strategies of high-quality 2D materials, where the exfoliation in the liquid phase is one of the most efficient methods. In this review, we firstly summarize the recent progress on the solution methods for the synthesis of high-quality graphene as well as non-carbon 2D materials. Then the main focus of this review article is shifted to the transistor-type sensors, especially the biosensors and chemical sensors, on the basis of these solution-processed 2D materials. In addition, the remaining challenges in this research field are discussed, and possible future directions of development are also proposed from the aspects of materials, processing, and devices.
Towards in-situ quality control of conductive printable electronics: a review of possible pathways
Authors: Zhuldybina Mariia , Ropagnol Xavier , Blanchard François 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Over the past decade, printed electronics (PE) has shown great potential for a wide range of industries, from consumer goods, electronics, aerospace, automotive, pharmaceutical, biomedical, to textiles and fashion. The rapid development of printing technology has been strongly driven by the growth of the PE market and its many applications. Here, we review the latest trends in PE production quality control, focusing on emerging technologies such as terahertz spectroscopy, which may play a key role in the development of smart manufacturing of PE devices in the near future. We also provide a comparison with conventional quality control technologies or off-line measurements, such as four-point probe measurements, atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, etc.
Studies of the weak interaction in atomic systems: towards measurements of atomic parity non-conservation in francium
Authors: Gwinner G , Orozco L A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tests of the standard model of particle physics should be carried out over the widest possible range of energies. Here we present our plans and progress for an atomic parity non-conservation experiment using the heaviest alkali, francium (Z = 87), which has no stable isotope. Low-energy tests of this kind have sensitivity complementary to higher energy searches, e.g. at the large hadron collider.
Structural arrangement of the VH and VL domains in the COBRA™ T-cell engaging single-chain diabody
Authors: Krakow Jessica , Hammel Michal , Zhu Ying , Hillier Brian J , Paolella Bryce , Desmarais Austin , Wall Rusty , Chen Tseng-Hui T , Pei Rex , Karunatilake Chulani , DuBridge Robert , Vinogradova Maia 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
COBRA™ (COnditional Bispecific Redirected Activation) T-cell engagers are designed to target solid tumors as a single polypeptide chain prodrug that becomes activated by proteolysis in the tumor microenvironment. One COBRA molecule comprises seven Ig domains: three single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) recognizing a tumor target or human serum albumin (HSA), and CD3ε-binding variable fragment heavy chain (VH) and variable fragment light chain (VL) and their inactivated counterparts, VHi and VLi. Pairing of VH and VL, and VLi and VHi into single-chain variable fragments (Fv) is prevented by shortened inter-domain linkers. Instead, VH and VL are expected to interact with VLi and VHi, respectively, thus making a diabody whose binding to CD3ε on the T-cells is impaired.

Methods
We analyzed the structure of an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) COBRA in solution using negative stain electron microscopy (EM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).

Results
We found that this EGFR COBRA forms stable monomers with a very dynamic interdomain arrangement. At most, only five domains at a time appeared ordered, and only one VH-VL pair was found in the Fv orientation. Nonenzymatic posttranslational modifications suggest that the CDR3 loops in the VL-VHi pair are exposed but are buried in the VH-VLi pair. The MMP9 cleavage rate of the prodrug when bound to recombinant EGFR or HSA is not affected, indicating positioning of the MMP9-cleavable linker away from the EGFR and HSA binding sites.

Conclusion
Here, we propose a model for EGFR COBRA where VH and VLi form an Fv, and VL and VHi do not, possibly interacting with other Ig domains. SAXS and MMP9 cleavage analyses suggest that all COBRA molecules tested have a similar structural architecture.
Geriatric emergency medicine—a model for frailty friendly healthcare
Authors: Mooijaart Simon P , Carpenter Christopher R , Conroy Simon P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As the world’s population continues to age over the decades ahead, medical educators and researchers in every adult medical and surgical specialty will need to ‘geriatricise’ their clinical science. Many have already engaged with geriatrics. Here we describe the progress that has been made and the opportunities ahead in the field of Geriatric Emergency Medicine (GEM), a field that has taken large steps in integrating holistic care. Future opportunities exist in the three domains of evidence-based medicine: including patient preferences and needs, generating scientific evidence, and improving physician knowledge and expertise. Implementation requires new innovations also in the organisation of care. Similar strategies may be useful in other fields of medicine, in making holistic care the standard for older people.
“Have Sure Tried”: Hemingway’s Unfaltering Career
Authors: Wyatt David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Because Ernest Hemingway published only one novel, a novella, and a handful of short stories after his return from the battlefields of France in 1945, he has often been viewed as a writer suffering a late-life decline. As the posthumously published books attest, however, during the last fifteen years of his life, Hemingway was very productive. In giving a shape to the many pages Hemingway left behind, the editors who have brought books like A Moveable Feast (1964) and The Garden of Eden (1986) into print have at times created works of great power and beauty. Moreover, the writing done during “the Final Years,” as Michael Reynolds calls them, forms a series of linked projects in which Hemingway explored how he had tried, and often failed, to be what he called “a good man.”Hemingway’s late-life work—and this is especially true of the posthumously published books—accomplishes something impressive indeed: a prolonged act of confession and Last Judgment.
High Participant Satisfaction Achieved Using Cryolipolysis for Fat Reduction of the Abdomen and Flanks
Authors: Tan Terence , Snell Broughton , Braun Martin , Mohan Sach , Jo Esther , Patel Vaishali , Zheng Suzanne , Manson Brown Stephanie , Hickling Matthew 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) data evaluating the physical and psychosocial impact of cryolipolysis (CoolSculpting) treatment are limited.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess, by means of PRO instruments, multidimensional aspects of satisfaction following cryolipolysis treatment of the flanks and abdomen.

Methods
This was a multinational, prospective, single-cohort, interventional study. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants stating they were “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with treatment at 12 weeks post final treatment. Secondary endpoints included satisfaction categorized by treatment area, total number of treatment cycles, baseline BMI, and fat volume reduction measured by 3-dimensional photography at 12 weeks post final treatment. Exploratory endpoints assessed the physical and psychosocial impacts of treatment. Safety was monitored throughout the study.

Results
Of 112 participants who were treated, 74.1% were female. The mean age and BMI were 42.5 years and 24.9 kg/mg2, respectively. Of the 106 evaluable participants, 89.6% were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with treatment results. Satisfaction was high regardless of body area(s), total number of treatment cycles, or baseline BMI. Mean [standard deviation] fat volume reduction was 264.8 [411.4] mL. Overall, 90.6% reported "noticeable" or "very noticeable" fat reduction, 89.6% were "likely" or "very likely" to treat additional areas, and 93.4% would recommend cryolipolysis to a friend. Twenty-four (21.4%) participants reported treatment-emergent adverse events; 23 (20.5%) reported these as adverse device effects. No serious device-related or unanticipated adverse effects occurred.

Conclusions
Cryolipolysis (CoolSculpting) for fat reduction of the flanks and/or abdomen was well-tolerated and associated with high levels of satisfaction across multidimensional PROs.

Level of Evidence: 4
MACA: marker-based automatic cell-type annotation for single-cell expression data
Authors: Xu Yang , Baumgart Simon J , Stegmann Christian M , Hayat Sikander 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Summary
Accurately identifying cell types is a critical step in single-cell sequencing analyses. Here, we present marker-based automatic cell-type annotation (MACA), a new tool for annotating single-cell transcriptomics datasets. We developed MACA by testing four cell-type scoring methods with two public cell-marker databases as reference in six single-cell studies. MACA compares favorably to four existing marker-based cell-type annotation methods in terms of accuracy and speed. We show that MACA can annotate a large single-nuclei RNA-seq study in minutes on human hearts with ∼290K cells. MACA scales easily to large datasets and can broadly help experts to annotate cell types in single-cell transcriptomics datasets, and we envision MACA provides a new opportunity for integration and standardization of cell-type annotation across multiple datasets.

Availability and implementation
MACA is written in python and released under GNU General Public License v3.0. The source code is available at https://github.com/ImXman/MACA.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.