bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angular momentum conservation and core superfluid dynamics for the pulsar J1734‐3333
Authors: de Oliveira Heitor O. , Magalhaes Nadja S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPulsars emit pulsed radiation at well‐defined frequencies. In the canonical model, a pulsar is assumed to be a rotating, highly magnetized sphere made mostly of neutrons that has a magnetic dipole misaligned with respect to its rotation axis, which would be responsible for the emission of the observed pulses. The measurement of the pulse frequency and its first two derivatives allows the calculation of the braking index, n. One limitation of the canonical model is that, for all pulsars, it yields n = 3, a result that does not correspond to observational values of n. In order to contribute to the solution of this problem, we proposed a model for pulsars' rotation frequency decay assuming that the star's total moment of inertia would vary with time due to mass motions inside the core. As a result, we found that the pulsar J1734‐3333 has total angular momentum practically conserved, a phenomenon that we explain by relating the motion of neutron superfluid vortices in the core to torques associated with radiation emission.
Associate production J/ψ + γ at the Large Hadron Collider and Electron–Ion Collider
Authors: Gil da Silveira Gustavo , Melo Machado Mairon 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCharmonium production associated with a photon in coherent hadron–hadron interactions at high‐energy colliders is a suitable observable to test the partonic density function in the proton and in nuclei. We employ nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics to investigate the transverse momentum distribution and total cross sections of J/ψ + γ production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the electron‐ion collider (EIC). Our results show that discrimination can be made to test the parameters for the matrix elements operators, which varies by a factor of 3. A higher transverse momentum region is more sensitive for pPb collisions at the LHC, although the EIC kinematic region is also favorable at low transverse momentum.
The evidence‐based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism report: Concerns and critiques
Authors: Leaf Justin B. , Sato Sara K. , Javed Asim , Arthur Shannon M. , Creem Ashley N. , Cihon Joseph H. , Ferguson Julia L. , Oppenheim‐Leaf Misty L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFor individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to make meaningful progress comprehensive intervention using evidence‐based practices is required. To assist with this, the National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence and Practice (NCAEP) recently published the Evidence‐Based Practices for Children, Youth, and Young Adults with Autism Report (Steinbrenner et al., 2020). The purpose of the NCAEP report was to provide consumers with a list of interventions that have evidence of positive effects for individuals diagnosed with ASD. The NCAEP report identified 28 interventions that were considered evidence based. Given the broad nature and visibility of the NCAEP report, it may be useful to review and discuss any potentially problematic aspects of the methods and results of the NCAEP report to help inform future updates and consumers in interpreting the findings and recommendations within the NCAEP report. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the Evidence‐Based Practices for Children, Youth, and Young Adults with Autism report and provide recommendations to behavior analysts in regard to the report.
Student Perspectives on improving mental health support Services at university
Authors: Priestley Michael , Broglia Emma , Hughes Gareth , Spanner Leigh 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDrawing on thematic analysis of six student co‐creation panels, conducted during the Student Minds University Mental Health Charter consultations, this paper elucidates students’ perspectives and proposals regarding the current issues and challenges around university student mental health and well‐being support services. In particular, panels identified existing challenges and opportunities to improve support service access, strategy, and delivery. The panels generated a series of recommendations aimed to establish a clear, coordinated, and strategic approach to delivering accessible and inclusive student mental health support services that are responsive to the diverse needs of the whole student population. Significantly, the student panels situated service reforms within a ‘whole university approach’ entailing holistic structural and cultural change to the university environment, in order to enrich student mental health and well‐being and reduce demand on services. The findings of this paper can both reaffirm and specify the principles of good practice propounded by the University Mental Health Charter from a student perspective.
Catalytic Performance of Zr‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks Zr‐abtc and MIP‐200 in Selective Oxidations with H2O2
Authors: Maksimchuk Nataliya V. , Ivanchikova Irina D. , Cho Kyung Ho , Zalomaeva Olga V. , Evtushok Vasiliy Yu. , Larionov Kirill P. , Glazneva Tatiana S. , Chang Jong‐San , Kholdeeva Oxana A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe catalytic performance of Zr‐abtc and MIP‐200 metal–organic frameworks consisting of 8‐connected Zr6 clusters and tetratopic linkers was investigated in H2O2‐based selective oxidations and compared with that of 12‐coordinated UiO‐66 and UiO‐67. Zr‐abtc demonstrated advantages in both substrate conversion and product selectivity for epoxidation of electron‐deficient C=C bonds in α,β‐unsaturated ketones. The significant predominance of 1,2‐epoxide in carvone epoxidation, coupled with high sulfone selectivity in thioether oxidation, points to a nucleophilic oxidation mechanism over Zr‐abtc. The superior catalytic performance in the epoxidation of unsaturated ketones correlates with a larger amount of weak basic sites in Zr‐abtc. Electrophilic activation of H2O2 can also be realized, as evidenced by the high activity of Zr‐abtc in epoxidation of the electron‐rich C=C bond in caryophyllene. XRD and FTIR studies confirmed the retention of the Zr‐abtc structure after the catalysis. The low activity of MIP‐200 in H2O2‐based oxidations is most likely related to its specific hydrophilicity, which disfavors adsorption of organic substrates and H2O2.
Pyrazoloadenine Inhibitors of the RET Lung Cancer Oncoprotein Discovered by a Fragment Optimization Approach
Authors: Saha Debasmita , Ryan Katie Rose , Lakkaniga Naga Rajiv , Smith Erica Lane , Frett Brendan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA fragment‐based drug‐discovery approach was used on a pyrazoloadenine fragment library to uncover new molecules that target the RET (REarranged during Transfection) oncoprotein, which is a driver oncoprotein in ∼2 % of non‐small‐cell lung cancers. The fragment library was screened against the RET kinase and LC‐2/ad (RET‐driven), KM‐12 (TRKA‐driven matched control) and A549 (cytotoxic control) cells to identify selective scaffolds that could inhibit RET‐driven growth. An unsubstituted pyrazoloadenine fragment was found to be active on RET in a biochemical assay, but reduced cell viability in non‐RET‐driven cell lines (EC50=1 and 3 μM, respectively). To increase selectivity for RET, the pyrazoloadenine was modeled in the RET active site, and two domains were identified that were probed with pyrazoloadenine fragment derivatives to improve RET affinity. Scaffolds at each domain were merged to generate a novel lead compound, 8 p, which exhibited improved activity and selectivity for the RET oncoprotein (A549 EC50=5.92 μM, LC‐2/ad EC50=0.016 μM, RET IC50=0.000326 μM).
Prevalent Bioimaging Scaffolds: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Applications
Authors: Colas Kilian , Doloczki Susanne , Posada Urrutia Mauricio , Dyrager Christine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis minireview describes the syntheses, structure‐photophysical properties relationship, and bioimaging applications of fluorescent coumarins, xanthenes, BODIPYs, and cyanines. Advantages and disadvantages of the emissive units are also discussed, as are general practical issues that need to be considered when using fluorophores in a biological setting.
WJMSC‐derived small extracellular vesicle enhance T cell suppression through PD‐L1
Authors: Li Meizhang , Soder Rupal , Abhyankar Sunil , Abdelhakim Haitham , Braun Mitchell W. , Trinidad Camille V. , Pathak Harsh B. , Pessetto Ziyan , Deighan Clayton , Ganguly Siddhartha , Dawn Buddhadeb , McGuirk Joseph , Dunavin Neil , Godwin Andrew K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBoth mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their corresponding small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, commonly referred to as exosomes) share similar immunomodulatory properties that are potentially beneficial for the treatment of acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD). We report that clinical grade Wharton's Jelly‐derived MSCs (WJMSCs) secrete sEVs enriched in programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), an essential ligand for an inhibitory immune checkpoint. A rapid increase in circulating sEV‐associated PD‐L1 was observed in patients with aGvHD and was directly associated with the infusion time of clinical grade WJMSCs. In addition, in vitro inhibitory antibody mediated blocking of sEV‐associated PD‐L1 restored T cell activation (TCA), suggesting a functional inhibitory role of sEVs‐PD‐L1. PD‐L1‐deficient sEVs isolated from WJMSCs following CRISPR‐Cas9 gene editing fail to inhibit TCA. Furthermore, we found that PD‐L1 is essential for WJMSC‐derived sEVs to modulate T cell receptors (TCRs). Our study reveals an important mechanism by which therapeutic WJMSCs modulate TCR‐mediated TCA through sEVs or sEV‐carried immune checkpoints. In addition, our clinical data suggest that sEV‐associated PD‐L1 may be not only useful in predicting the outcomes from WJMSC clinical administration, but also in developing cell‐independent therapy for aGvHD patients.
Fermi resonance in a molecule adsorbed on plasmonic metal film
Authors: Yaremko Anatoliy , Yukhymchuk Volodymyr , Hreshchuk Oleksandr , Koroteev Vadym , Dzhagan Volodymyr 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this work, the effect of electric field induced by localized plasmon excitation in nanostructured metal film on the vibrational spectrum of adsorbed organic molecule is studied theoretically. By using the Green function formalism, we show that electric field can significantly influence both the frequencies of the molecular vibrations and the anharmonicity constant. Consequently, if Fermi resonance can take place in the adsorbed molecule, it is spectral manifestation (in Raman spectra) will also be modified by the electric field of plasmon. We illustrate the effect with a CO2 molecule adsorbed on nanostructured gold surface, a situation relevant to the application of Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) or other plasmon‐mediated phenomena. The obtained in these work analytical expressions are shown to describe well spectral features in earlier experimental SERS studies on CO2.
Lifestyle interventions for healthy brain aging: A protocol for systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bashir Shahid , Nasim Eman , Uzair Mohammad , Niaz Asim , Zafar Aneesa , Murtaza Ghulam , Kaleem Imdad , Arshad Muhammad , Al‐Hussain Fawaz , Habib Syed Shahid 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe main objective of the present protocol is to assess the lifestyle interventions (eating habits, physical exercise, social and cultural participation) on the brain health as people age.MethodsWe will look at the following database sources, “The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar,” for this protocol, which is standardized by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) Protocols. Only Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients will be eligible, and no restriction will be placed on participant's gender, age, education, ethnicity, or other demographic characteristics. All the studies based on the impact of active intervention centered on lifestyle interventions, including eating habits, sleep patterns, and physical exercise on the cognitive and functional status in the elderly populations. The primary outcome is the effects of nutrition and lifestyle interventions on the patients with AD, and secondary outcomes include body mass index, body fat percentage, and muscle mass.ResultsIn this study, we hope to find lifestyle interventions, which could have a preventive effect on brain health as people age, in particular AD.ConclusionThe conclusion of our study would suggest that a healthy lifestyle interventions, defined on the basis of proper nutrition, sleep patterns, physical exercise, and social and cultural activities, can positively influence the cognitive consequences of healthy brain aging.
Influence of external tensile stress on corrosion and trench formation of low alloy steel in a low H2S content sour corrosion environment
Authors: Samusawa Itaru , Izumi Daichi , Shimamura Junji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe influence of external tensile stress on corrosion and trench formation of low alloy steel in a low H2S content sour corrosion environment was investigated. These experiments were conducted with steel for pipelines, and electrochemical methods were used. The results showed that external stress increases the amount of corrosion weight loss and trench depth by promoting the anodic dissolution reaction, and stress concentration was proven to be one of the driving forces for trench formation due to localized corrosion. Based on the experimental findings, the mechanism of trenching was discussed from the viewpoint of promotion of the anodic dissolution reaction by dislocations.
Goat Milk Improves Glucose Homeostasis via Enhancement of Hepatic and Skeletal Muscle AMP‐Activated Protein Kinase Activation and Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Streptozocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhou Yalin , Sun Han , Li Ruijun , Qin Yong , Yu Lanlan , Chen Yuhan , Li Yong , Tan Yuwei , Zhao Runlong , Zhang Wei , Jiang Shilong , Xu Yajun 
Published: February 2021

ScopePreviously, the metabolic benefits of goat milk consumption in high‐fat diet‐fed rats are demonstrated. However, the effects are only reported in one animal model and the involvement of gut microbiota is not investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of goat milk consumption on glucose homeostasis and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats.Methods and ResultsSTZ‐induced diabetic rats are fed with three dosages of goat milk: 2.5, 5, and 10 g kg−1. Parameters related to glucose homeostasis, hepatic and skeletal muscle AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and gut microbiota are investigated. The dose of 10 g kg−1 exerts more metabolic benefits. Goat milk consumption improves fasting glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and promotes hepatic and skeletal muscle AMPK activation in STZ‐injected diabetic rats. Goat milk modulates gut microbiota, increases the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, and augments levels of propionic and butyric acids.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the metabolic benefits of goat milk consumption in STZ‐induced diabetic rats, which is consistent with the previous observations in high‐fat diet‐induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, this study elucidates the modulation of gut microbiota by goat milk, which likely mediates the metabolic effects of goat milk.
Effects of physical‐activity‐related anti‐weight stigma materials on implicit and explicit evaluations
Authors: Berry Tanya R. , Myre Maxine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveAlthough there exist videos and images created by Obesity Canada and similar organizations (e.g., the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity), it is not known if the materials have the desired effect of reducing stigma against people with obesity and might have the opposite effect of increasing stigma. Therefore, two studies used implicit and explicit evaluations to examine the effectiveness of images and videos intended to reduce weight stigma.MethodsStudy 1 participants (N = 284; Mage = 31.47 years [SD = 11.26]; 177 self‐identified as women; 83 self‐identified as living with obesity) completed two implicit measures (one with images of people living with obesity and the other with control images) followed by a weight stigma questionnaire. Study 2 participants (N = 308; Mage = 31.54 years [SD = 11.35]; 153 self‐identified as women; 59 self‐identified as living with obesity) were randomly assigned to view an obesity and exercise video and images of persons with obesity, control video and images of persons with obesity, obesity and exercise video and control images, or control video and control images, followed by the implicit measures and explicit evaluation questionnaire.ResultsImplicit evaluations of the control images were more positive than the images of persons with obesity. Participants with no history of obesity who saw the control video and control images had lower weight stigma compared to participants in the other conditions.ConclusionsMaterials created to reduce weight stigma might not be effective among people with no history of obesity themselves or via a family member or friend. Intervention and health promotion researchers may wish to investigate effects of the images in combination with other messages because simply using the nonstigmatizing images is likely not enough.
Circular RNA circANKS1B acts as a sponge for miR‐152‐3p and promotes prostate cancer progression by upregulating TGF‐α expression
Authors: Tao Liang‐jun , Pan Xin‐yuan , Wang Jia‐wei , Zhang Li , Tao Ling‐song , Liang Chao‐zhao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundA growing number of studies indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in human diseases, and show great potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of circANKS1B in prostate cancer (PC).MethodsThe expression of circANKS1B and miR‐152‐3p was analyzed by real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Cell migration and invasion were measured using a transwell assay. The interaction between circANKS1B and miR‐152‐3p was confirmed by a dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Rescue experiments were conducted to determine whether circANKS1B regulated the invasion of PC cells via the circANKS1B‐miR‐152‐3p‐TGF‐α pathway.ResultsThe expression of circANKS1B was markedly upregulated in both PC cells and tissues. Moreover, high circANKS1B expression was associated with poor prognosis in PC patients. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay indicated that circANKS1B directly bound to miR‐152‐3p. Furthermore, circANKS1B negatively regulated miR‐152‐3p expression. Knockdown of circANKS1B markedly suppressed cell migration and invasion and TGF‐α expression in PC cells, whereas the effects of circANKS1B silencing were reversed by miR‐152‐3p deficiency. In addition, the impact of miR‐152‐3p silencing on invasion of circANKS1B‐deficient PC cells was also abrogated by TGF‐α deficiency. Overall, circANKS1B acts as a sponge for miR‐152‐3p to promote PC progression by upregulating TGF‐α expression.ConclusionOur findings reveal that circANKS1B may be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PC.
PPh3 Catalyzed Post‐Transformation Ugi‐4CR Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction: One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Spiropyrrolidinochromanones
Authors: Singh Chouhan Pradeep , Singh Deepti , Purohit Pooja , Sharma Gaurav , Kant Ruchir , Shukla Sanjeev K. , Chauhan Prem M. S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStereoselective post‐transformation of Ugi‐4CR approach leading to synthesis of functionalized spiropyrrolidinochromanones via PPh3 catalysed intramolecular cyclization. In addition, one major finding was that, the solvent play the role of nucleophile, thus providing a highly atom economical and environmentally benign approach towards the synthesis of spiropyrrolidinochromanones.
Growth performance and reproductive function impairment of glyphosate‐based herbicide in male guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Mutwedu Valence Bwana , Nyongesa Albert Wafula , Azine Pascaline Ciza , Chiregereza Daniel Katulanya , Ngoumtsop Victor Herman , Mugumaarhahama Yannick , Ayagirwe Rodrigue Basengere Balthazar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGlyphosate formulations, widely applied non‐selective systemic herbicides, are progressively becoming the most controversial pesticides on the market due the adverse effects they pose to humans and environment. The information on these potential hazardous effects to the handlers of the pesticide remains obscure. This study investigated effects of glyphosate‐based herbicide on growth performance, seminal parameters and hemato‐biochemical profiles in male guinea pig. Forty sexually mature male guinea pigs weighing between 393.3 and 418.4 g were divided into four groups of 10 animals each and orally administered 0, 186, 280 and 560 mg/kg body weight of WILLOSATE daily for 60 days. Daily feed intake and body weight gain were recorded. At the end of experimental period all animals were humanely sacrificed, and blood samples and vital organs were collected for appropriate analysis. Results showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in body weight gain (−102.2%), final body weight (−9.8%) and feed intake (−13.1%) of animals following sub‐chronic exposure of WILLOSATE. The weights of the liver and kidney increased significantly (p < 0.05) by 25.4% and 28.8%, respectively, while testicular weights decreased (p < 0.05) by 24% with increasing doses of WILLOSATE. A decrease in sperm motility (−67.9%), viability (−52.7%) and concentration per vas deferens (−40.7%), and an increase in sperm major (28.1%) and minor (45.3%) morphological aberrations were recorded in WILLOSATE – exposed guinea pigs when compared to controls. There was a dose‐dependent increase (p < 0.05) in MCV and WBC and a decrease in Hb content and RBC, as well as serum content in total protein (−11.8%). The serum content of cholesterol (37.8%), urea (87.1%), creatinine (22.4%), ALAT (74.2%) and ASAT (88.7%) were significantly higher in treated groups compared to controls. These results point toward the toxic effects of WILLOSATE on vital organs and reproductive function of the body at high doses and long‐term exposure.