bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ibn Al-Haitham International Conference for Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq (IHICPAS)
Authors: Obaid Ahmed J. , Abdullatif Firas Abdulhameed , Tolephih Moneer Hameed , Hasan Hassan Ahmad , Albermany Salah , Ahmed Hiba A. 
Published: May 2021

IHICPAS Conference Proceeding volume contain the novel contributions that were reviewed and presented through the Ibn Al-Haitham International Conference for Pure and Applied Sciences (IHICPAS) will be held in College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn al-Haitham), University of Baghdad on 20 and 21 December, 2020., where the conference covers 6 tracks which includes (Trackl Chemistry, Track 2: Mathematics, Track3: Computer Science, Track 4: Biology Sciences, Track 5: Physics, and Track 6: Remote Sensing and GIS). IHICPAS aims to gathering together all the new trends, projects, technologies, and recent research works in many fields in pure and Applied Sciences. The received papers which passed the double-blind reviews which successfully passed the reviewers comments and editorial board decisions comes from various authors around the world, where the authors are either working in academics centers, universities, research institutes, corporations, industries, and other agencies or postgraduate students where the presented works refers to their novelty in their research works.
IHICPAS Conference got very significant interesting from authors that comes from several countries like: UK, India, French, Morocco, Turkey, Nepal, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, Egypt,
Lebanon, Algeria, Iran, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Many other Countries where the authors are successfully presented their works and attend the sessions who managed by our scientific and organizing committee Members, and answered all the questions and dotes that directed by session chairs and attendances. We successfully held this conference within 2 days (20 and 21 December 2020), where in the first day we successfully listen to the keynote speakers’ presentations then the session started from 10:00 AM based on Iraq Standard Time till 10:00PM. We would like to express our thanks and appreciation to all our session chairs for their hard work and attend our (12) sessions through two days and more than 10 hours per day to deliver the presented works in successful manner.
Venue of the Conference, The Reason(s) why IHICPAS Conference Held virtually:, Technology, Technical Difficulties and Drawbacks of Conference Virtually., The Main Technical Difficulties of Virtual Meetings can be summarizing as follow:, Conference Chairs, Conference Secretariat Chairs, International Program Chairs, Scientific Committee, Organizing Committee, Invited Speakers, Organizing Institutions, Special Thanks to Conference Partners:, Conference Flyers and Posters:, are available in the pdf
Anatomical study of Solanum nigrum L. from Solanaceae family growing in Iraq
Authors: Al-Hadeethi Muazaz Azeez , Al-Taie Ali T , Farman Al-Rawi A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The most important features that we have reached through this study, are shown the cross-section of root were in the secondary growth stage and the epidermis of leaf were studded by stomata complex, the type of it was anomocytic that’s mean no have subsidiary cells around the guard cells, the mesophyll bifacial also the midrib region of leaf like the pear and the vascular bundle located in the center crescent in shape. The cross-sections of petiole ovate shape with two ears in the lateral side and the vascular bundles crescent in shape. The cross-section of fruits circular component of three-layer the outer layer pericarp, mesocarp, and the endocarp, surrounding the ovary or the seeds.
Evaluation of mycotoxins and heavy metals pollution in some types of noodles in local markets
Authors: Mohammed Jameel Mohammed , Ibrahem Abd Marwa , Khishan Saif Ali 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to estimation mycotoxins and some heavy metals in some types of noodles in Salah Al-din governorate markets. In this study 6 species of Aspergillus were detected which were A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. fumigatus, A. terreus, A. ochraceus and A. niger and 5 genus of fungi were Fusarium verticillioides, Penicillium, Mucor, Alternaria and Rhizopus isolated on the three types of media used. The results show presence of the three types of mycotoxins in all samples. The concentrations of the aflatoxin B1 ranged between 1.145 - 5.041 ppm. Concentrations of fumonisin between 8.498 - 19.496 ppm. Concentrations of ochratoxin A ranged between 3.960 - 52.543 ppm. The results also show that the concentration of copper and cadmium was at (0.50 - 1.23) (0.05 - 0.31) ppm respectively, while the concentration of lead was less than 0.1 ppm in all samples.
Anatomical histological structure of the cerebellum in the Iraqi frog Rana ridibunda ridibunda
Authors: AL-Bakri Nahla A. , Al-Zuheri Jumana J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the histological structure of the cerebellum in the Iraqi frog Rana ridibunda ridibunda. The cerebellum was removed surgically from 20 Iraqi frogs, Rana ridibunda ridibunda, and preserved in fixative of 10% formalin solution for a period of 72 hr, then the histological sections were prepared by the method of paraffin. The results of the study showed that the cerebellum of the adult Iraqi frog is one of the rhombencephalon regions, and consists of three layers, molecular layer, purkinje cells layer, and granular layer. The present histological findings suggest that the cerebellum of the Iraqi frog is very similar to that of other vertebrates, Therefore it represents the basic rule in understanding the histological formation of the cerebellum.
Using of RAPD-PCR markers to detect the genetic relationship of number of Bellevalia Lapeyr and Ornithogalum L. species developing in central and northern of Iraq
Authors: Sa’eed Najat Ameen , Ali Al-Assie Akeel Hussein , Al-Abide Naglaa Mustafa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study evaluates eleven wild plant species belong to two genera of Asparagaceae family, naming of Bellevalia lapeyr and Ornithogalum L. and discuss the similarities and differences among all species by using eighteen random primers for the Random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the genetic relationship and genetic distance among these species. The study aimed to determination genetic relationships among all the eleven species by using RAPD markers and the method of extraction DNA from plants was CTAB with liquid nitrogen. The result show 16 primers success in giving 293 bands, of which 263 were polymorphic bands, 25 unique bands and 5 were absent. B.chrisii type also succeeded in showing two unique bands at OPG-08 primer without registering any other bands. The lowest genetic distance was 0.306 between B. longipes and B.parva, while the highest genetic distance was 0.943 between B.chrisii and O.pyrenaicum. It is concluded from our study based on the results of the RAPD test that the studied species were divided into two main groups, each group was divided into subgroups, the first group included three groups and the second main group included two main groups. The study found that the O.pyrenaicum type is distinguished by being far from the rest of the species.
The isolation and identification of cadmium-resistant Brevibacillus agri C15
Authors: Jebril Nadia , Boden Rich , Braungardt Charlotte 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Eight Cd-resistant bacteria were isolated from the soil. Based on the resistance and specific growth rate, one isolate from these was chosen. The 16S rRNA (rrs) gene sequence was used to assert this isolate belongs to the genus of Brevibacillus and closely related to Brevibacillus agri (B.agri) DSM 6348T (AB112716). The isolate was termed B.agri C15. The specific growth yields and the Cd-dependent fall in specific growth yield of B.agri C15 was determined under different concentrations of Cd. The current study provides a basis for isolation Cd resistant bacteria with maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) 15 mM Cd from a contaminated soil 490±50 μmolal Cd that could be suitable for a new Cd-bioremediation process; therefore, further studies are needed to investigate this possibility.
Biological control of Azotobacter chroococcum on Fusarium solani in tomato plant
Authors: Muslim Sraa Nsayef , Redha Aziz Rawa Abdul , Al-Hakeem Asmaa Mansour 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
this experiment aimed to study the effect of Azotobacter chroococcum in reducing infection of the tomato plant by Fusarium solani under the greenhouse condition. The results show that Fusarium solani isolates proved high pathogenicity and chosen isolate (Fs4) for being given a lower percentage of germination of cabbage seeds and the highest disease severity to tomato seedling. Also, the results were indicated that T6 (Biofertilizer at concentrations (25 ml\2Kg soil) with F. solani (F.s4) was the past this treatment reduced significantly the disease severity (73.10%) which also recorded a positive effect on the growth parameter of tomato plant compare to T1 (pathogen only).
The effect of pH, calcium, phosphate and humic acid on cadmium availability and speciation in artificial groundwater
Authors: Jebril Nadia , Boden Rich , Braungardt Charlotte 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The interface between the ions in groundwater affects the biogeochemical behaviour of metal, and metal bioremediate by bacteria. Therefore, this study was aimed to predict the influence of pH, calcium, phosphate and humic acid on cadmium availability in artificial groundwater (AGW). Speciation and the thermodynamic calculation (MINTEQ program) were used to predict this in AGW theoretically. In results, cadmium availability diminished with an increase in pH, increase of calcium concentration and the addition of phosphate and humic acid of AGW. According to MINTEQ program, cadmium binds to some cations leaving fewer free cadmium ions available in AGW such as CdHCO3
+, Cd(SO4)2
2-, CdCl+, CdHPO4, HA1-Cd, FA1-Cd, FA2-Cd, and HA2-Cd. It is suggested though that pH in AGW is maintained at pH 4.00 for best availability of cadmium and bioremediate by bacteria.
The effect of usage two methods of garlic extraction( foliar and ground application) on the growth of the tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) plant
Authors: Hasan Ahmad Radhiyah Ali 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Garlic is rich in nutritional and medicinal value as it has been found that the water extract of garlic plant contains 31% carbohydrates and rich in elements calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and pyridoxine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) on tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant. The trend is to use plant extracts in foliar and ground fertilization. Three levels of foliar application (4, 6, 8%), three levels of ground application (10, 20, 40%), one treatment 6% of foliar and 20% ground application together and the treatment of control (0) were used. The results showed that the usage of garlic extract led to a significant increase in the height of the plant 98.00 cm, chlorophyll content 46.33 spadm, increase the Carbohydrates 7.95%, the number of branches, the number of leaves, the foliar area, the dry weight of vegetative group, the number of flowers, the leaves content of nitrogen, protein and carbohydrates, fruit weight, fruit size, measurement T.S.S. and solidity of treated plant compared to control plants.
Antioxidant, cytotoxicity and phytochemical analysis of Larinus maculates F. cocoon aqueous extract against lung cancer
Authors: Al-Shmgani Hanady S. , Alasady Zainab Thamer , Ali Ehab M. , Al-Jassani Mohammad J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cocoon of larva Larinus maculates F. from Curculionidae family (Echinops species), locally in Iraq known as Tihan, is one of traditional folk medicine used in the treatment of diversity respiratory system and fever. This study was carried out to assess the bioactive component and the antioxidant capability of aqueous beetle cocoon extract (Larinus maculates F.) along with its possible cytotoxic activity against A549 lung cancer cell line. For phytochemical analysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used, and to detected free scavenging activity 2, 2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used. To determine the cytotoxicity in the cancer cell line 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-z-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) was used; peripheral blood monolayer cells (PBMCs) was used as a normal cell. GC-MS analysis identified the presence of 9 phytochemical components. DPPH results suggested a promising antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent, the best antioxidant potential was at 600 μg.ml−1 concentration. Cytotoxic activity results showed that the increase in extract concentration decreases the cell viability, at 50 μg.ml−1 concentration the percentage of viability was (86.76±0.87) where at 200 μg.ml−1 the cell viability was (56.44±0.91) μg.ml−1 Taken together, the results showed that larva cocoon of Larinus maculates F. extract has an important phyto-molecule with great potent antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity against lung cell line A549..
New record of fresh water ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Tigris river in Baghdad city, Iraq
Authors: Kadhim Zahraa Y. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDocumenting the biodiversity and biogeography of ciliates will help expand the overall knowledge within the field, as well as, shed new light on the dispersal and survival potential for other microorganisms, such as protists. As organisms at the base of food webs, ciliates are an essential part of the microbial loop and the ecosystems that they support. This study deals with ciliates community in freshwater of Tigris river within Baghdad city. Four sites were chosen at Al-Grea`t & Al-Adhamiya area at the riverbank. Total of 44 ciliophora taxa were detected, 22 taxa of which were identified to the species level and 22 taxa to the genus level. Among them, 11 taxa were new recording for Tigris river in Baghdad city:Cyrtolophosissp.,Monochilum frontatum, Orborhabdostyla bromelicola, Ophrydium sessile, Scyphidiasp.,Vortecilla convallaria, Vortecilla octava, Zoothamnium Bory, Tokophrya lemnarum, Urostylasp. andStentor fluiginosus.
Histomorphological study of olfactory organ in rock dove, Columba livia Gmelin, 1789
Authors: Dauod Hussain A. M. , Hussain Ahmad A. , Al-Habib May F. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the morphological description and histological structure of olfactory organ in rock dove (Columbalivia). Results of the present study revealed that the nasal cavity of the species under investigation is anteriorly located, starting with a pair of external nares which located at the dorsal side of the base of upper beak. The external nares lead to two short nasal cavities. Each nasal cavity consist of three conchae or turbinates represented by anterior or vestibular concha, middle or respiratory concha and posterior or olfactory concha. The nasal cavity ended by a pair of internal nares which opened at mouth cavity. Results related with the histological structure of olfactory organ revealed that the vestibular concha lined by stratified squamous epithelium, the respiratory concha lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, and olfactory concha lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The last concha showed three types of differentiated cell represented by basal cells, supporting cells, and receptor cells.
Quality study of the piped water of state company for drugs industry of Samarra and matching with the Iraqi and international drinking specification
Authors: Alsamaraay Rafah Talal Ahmed , Jabbar Riadh Abbas Abdul , Alshawany Tawos Mohammed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The research aimed to evaluate piped water that supply the general company for pharmaceutical industry of Samarra and its suitable for drinking through the comparison with Iraqi and international standard for drinking. The study started from May (2015) until January (2016). Moreover, know the physical, chemical and bacterial properties piped water. The results showed that the piped water was matching of the drinking water by WHO and Iraqi standard. Only calcium quantity was higher than determination. The values rate for: Air and water temperature (29.44, 21.33) C° respectively, EC (431.11) μs/cm. TDS (430) mg/L, the pH (7.7). DO (4.75) mg/L, while the BOD5 (1.25) mg/L, while Alkalinity hardness (157.77) mg/L, total hardness (155.55) mg/L, calcium and magnesium hardness (78.66, 72) mg/L Respectively. While chloride (68.22) mg/L, as for the phytonutrient, Nitrate concentration were (1.902) Mg/L, the phosphate concentration values rate (0.050) Mg/L, and silica concentration (1.981) Mg/L. The heavy metals, Cu (0.028) ppm, Iron (0.121) ppm, Zinc (0.203) ppm, Lead (Nil) ppm. And it was free from bacterial growth. Thus, quality of piped water, (completely purity).
Epidemiology of hydatid disease in Najaf province/Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Raja Jawad , Najm Alsaedi Alyaa Neamah , Taher Jasim Hameed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It was clinically and surgically proven that sixty-four patients were infected with a hydatid cyst. Follow up was done in Al-Sadder Medical City, Najaf/Iraq during the period between January and December 2018. The incidence of the prevalence of hydatidosis female was higher than that of males. The youngest patients infected was five years, and oldest was over than 70 years old. The age group 21-30 years old had the highest percentage of hydatidosis infections. The rate of infection in females 64 (61%) more than males 25 (39%). Compared to males, there was a substantial rise (P < 0.05) in females. The percentage of liver hydatidosis relative to other organs was higher (67.18%). There were many patients with big cyst size (>5cm) than those with small cyst sizes (<5cm).
Evaluation effect of different concentration of povidone Iodine on skin wound healing in rabbits
Authors: Hameed Falah Mahmood , Mohsen Al-Tomah Hayder Mohammed , AL-Nuaimi Ali J. , Sadeq Ail Wasfi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The goal of the current study was to assess the effects of povidone iodine 10% in comparison with 5% of povidone iodine on full-thickness cutaneous wounds healing in rabbits. This was on twenty-four healthy male rabbits, weighing from (1.5–1.8 kg). Under the effect of intramuscular administration of a mixture of xylazine hydrochloride 5mg / kg, ketamine hydrochloride 35mg / kg and diazepam 1 mg / kg. On each animal, in the dorsal back area, one square (2 × 2) cm full-thickness skin wounds were made. The animals were divided into two groups, group (A) as the treatment group was treated with 10% povidone iodine daily for 1 time for day 7 post operation. While, at the same time in group (B), the rabbits were treated with 5% povidone iodine. For clinical evaluation, each group was divided into four subgroups (two wounds/subgroup) on 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 14th and 21th days post-wound induction and treatment. Clinically, the result showed that 10 % of iodine was more effective than 5 % of iodine, and the wound healing rate in group (A) was faster than group (B). This was followed by statistical analysis results showing the wound healing process ((20%, 40%), (70%, 85%) contraction) and ((10%, 20%), (50%, 70%) re-epithelization). Respectively, there were significantly more (P≤0.05) than the iodine 5% during the study period. Conclusion; Povidone-iodine solution 10% is more efficient than iodine 5% so that lead to acceleration and enhancement of full-thickness cutaneous wounds healing.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Screening of New Benzimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Sabur Ali Mohammed , Rdaiaan Muayad Ahmed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a series of benzimidazole compounds containing. 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring from many reaction steps. The obtained benzimidazole series were characterized by melting point, Data from FT-IR and 1H-13C-NMR and In vitro screening of antibacterial activity against strains of selected pathogenic Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria relative to (Amoxicillin) and (Ciprofloxacin) as standard antibacterial agents has shown high pharmacological activity.
Synthesis and DNA binding study of Co (II) and V(IV) complexes with O, N, O tridentate 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde-semicarbazide based ligand
Authors: Dawoud Suher M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cobalt and vanadium complexes with (E)-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carboxamide were synthesized. The ligand was structurally characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopy. The interaction activity of ligand and complexes was investigated with DNA by spectroscopical and physical methods. The results showed an intercalative binding between the synthesized compounds and DNA.
Preparation of Mixed ligand Complexes of Heterocyclic Azo Quinoline Ligand and Imidazole Molecule with Some of Divalent Transition Ions and their Biological Activity Against Multi Drug Resistance Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Witwit Israa N. , Farhan Hawraa M. , Motaweq Zahraa Y. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Heterocyclic azo compound 2-(8-quinolyl azo)-4,6-dimethyl phenol as a primary ligand and imidazole molecule as a secondary ligand in the basic medium were prepared with novel mixed ligand complexes of Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) ions, these compounds were characterized by Mass, 1HNMR, IR, UV-Vis, Magnetic susbtibility and Molar Conductivity, which suggested octahedral conductivity. Free ligands and five mixed ligand complexes of Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) metal ions with a general formula of [M(L1)(L2)2C1] against eight pathogenic multidrug resistance bacteria, six G-ve bacteria (Pr. mirabilis, S. typhi, E. coli, P. aeroginosa, A. baumanii and K. pneumoniae) and two G+ve bacteria (E. faecalis and S. aureus) were capable of antimicrobial efficacy. The findings show that free ligands have had stronger antibacterial activity on S. Bacterial isolation of typhi and P. aeroginosa relative to other isolates. As for the effectiveness of metal complexes, compared to G+ve bacteria, they usually have a large antibacterial effect on G-ve bacteria, whereas the Hg(II) ion complex has a higher antibacterial effect on most bacterial isolates compared to other metal complexes. Compared with other metal complexes, Mn (II) ion complexes demonstrated poorer antibacterial activity..
Regeneration of Used Oils by Red Mud and DESs (Reline)
Authors: Saleh W M , Al-Khayat R Z , Saied S h M , SYassin A M , fadil F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To regeneration of oils which are used in cars engines to lubricate its moving parts, and to get rid of highly contaminants which must be separated to reuse the engine oils. In the column chromatography, the waste oil was treaded as mobile phase (eluent) with petroleum ether (40-60°C), while the red mud (alhuor) is a stationary phase for adsorbed the impurities. The effect of the new method using deepeutectic solvent (DESs Reline) as a kind of ionic liquids to help extract impurities by adsorption (choline chloride and urea). Moreover, some thermal and physicochemical properties like density, thermal and electrical conductivity, ash percentages, viscosity, specific gravity and pH values were determined. Values were determ.using TGA for blank oil for comparison and differential scanning calorimetric analyses (DSC).