bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A power fluctuation evaluation method of PV plants based on RankBoost ranking
Authors: Xia Weiyi , Ren Zhouyang , Li Hui , Hu Bo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFluctuation evaluation is an important task in promoting the accommodation of photovoltaic (PV) power generation. This paper proposes an evaluation method to quantify the power fluctuation of PV plants. This consists of an index system and a ranking method based on the RankBoost algorithm. Eleven indices are devised and included in the index system to fully cover diverse fluctuation features. By handling missing and invalid data effectively, the ranking method fuses multiple indices automatically and provides a systematic and comprehensive comparison of power fluctuation. Simulation results based on power data from six PV plants indicate that the evaluation list obtained by the RankBoost ranking method is better represented and more comprehensive than that derived by the equal weight method.
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a Nepali version of the Dutch Participation and Activity Inventory for Children and Youth (PAI - CY) with visual impairment
Authors: Adhikari Srijana , Elsman Ellen Bernadette Maria , van Nispen Ruth Marie Antoinette , van Rens Fleur , Oli Radhika Upreti , Thapa Suman S. , van Rens Gerardus Hermanus Maria Bartholomeu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Visual impairment is an important cause of disability in children. There is a lack of information on rehabilitation needs and low vision support services for children with visual impairment in Nepal. This is a pilot study designed to translate, culturally adapt and pre-test the Dutch version of the Participation and Activity Inventory for Children and Youth (PAI-CY) with visual impairment aged 7–17 years to develop a Nepali version.
Questionnaires (PAI-CY versions for 7–12 and 13–17 years) were translated using standardized methods and were culturally adapted by a panel of experts. They were pretested to evaluate comprehensibility and relevance among six children with visual impairment and blindness. Finally, participants completed a questionnaire evaluation form.

Results
The translation and cultural adaptation process resulted in the adaptation of nine items to make them suitable for Nepali culture. Most children had comprehensibility problems with some specific items because of vocabulary, sentence structure and the composition of items. Most of the children were satisfied with the questionnaires.

Conclusion
The study resulted in the development of a Nepali version of the PAI-CY. We worked with a small group of content experts and a small but representative sample of children which allowed us to use rigorous translation procedures to address language and cultural differences. A population based study has been planned to investigate the psychometric properties of these questionnaires.
Diversity analysis of antagonistic microbes against bacterial leaf and fungal sheath blight diseases of rice
Authors: Kannan Chinnaswami , Mishra Divya , Rekha Gonuguntala , Maruthi Pesari , Shaik Hajira , Sundaram Raman Meenakshi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Biocontrol is an effective strategy in the integrated management of plant diseases, now more as a necessity than choice, in the present era of environmental and health awareness. Microbial diversity is a wonder by nature that inspires to explore and accordingly, the diversity analysis of the isolated microbes revealed their morphological and molecular differences. The DNA provides a common platform to store the microbial information in the form of databases in public domain that can be used by anyone from anywhere.

Results
Exploration for native microbes in the present study resulted in isolation of different isolates of Trichoderma and Bacillus. The microbes were identified using morphological traits and molecular markers and the key conserved 18S and 16S gene sequences submitted with the appropriate repositories. Nucleotide analysis indicated a close phylogenetic relationship between BIK 2 and BIK 3 (Bacillus isolates) and within all the 5 Trichoderma isolates. The percent disease reduction of Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was more in plants treated with consortia of the Trichoderma (61.13%) and Bacillus (53.59%) isolates, respectively. Screening of plant growth promotion activities, percentage increase in root (41.00%) and shoot length (44.77%) were found to be maximum in Trichoderma consortia treated plants.

Conclusions
Three Bacillus and one Trichoderma strains, viz., B. velezensis, B. subtilis and B. paralicheniformis and Trichoderma asperellum, were identified and found to be effective against R. solani and Xoo pathogens of rice. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that TAIK1 and BIK3 were found to be the most potential isolates among others isolated. Ability to improve plant growth was more pronounced by consortia of microbes.
Screening of minor psychiatric disorders and burnout among a sample of medical students in St. Petersburg, Russia: a descriptive study
Authors: Chumakov Egor , Petrova Nataliia , Mamatkhodjaeva Tamila , Ventriglio Antonio , Bhugra Dinesh , Molodynski Andrew 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite the general interest of researchers around the world, there are few studies on the psychological wellbeing and burnout among medical students in Russia. The aim of this study was to perform screening for minor psychiatric disorders, burnout, problematic alcohol use, and quantify the psychological issues and stress among a sample of medical students in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Results
According to the GHQ-12, screening for minor mental disorders was positive in 140 students (85%). Screening for burnout using the OLBI showed positive results in 121 (73%) students for disengagement and 132 (80%) students for exhaustion. Screening with the CAGE tool identified a risk of alcohol consumption in 33 students (20%). Most students reported academic studies as the main source of stress in their life (n = 147; 89.1%).

Conclusions
This study identified very high levels of stress, burnout, risk of minor mental disorders, and problematic alcohol use among medical students in St. Petersburg, Russia. These findings suggest more attention is needed to the poor mental wellbeing and health in medical students in Russia.
Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and selected compounds from the chemical entities of biological interest
Authors: Aminu Suleiman , Ibrahim Mohammed Auwal , Sallau Abdullahi Balarabe 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent COVID-19 outbreak has prompted the search of novel therapeutic agents to treat the disease. The initial step of the infection involves the binding of the virus through the viral spike protein with the host angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In this study, the interaction of some ACE or ACE2 inhibitors and their analogues as well as selected compounds with the viral spike protein as a strategy to hinder viral-ACE2 interaction were investigated. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as well as the ligands were retrieved from protein databank and ChEBI database respectively. The molecules were prepared before initiating the virtual screening using PyRx software. Discovery studio was used to further visualize the binding interactions between the compounds and the protein.

Results
The ACE inhibitors and their analogues fosinopril (1-), fosinopril and moexipril have the best binding affinity to the protein with binding energies < − 7.0 kcal/mol while non-flavonoid stilben-4-ol binds with free binding energy of − 7.1 kcal/mol. Others compounds which belong to either the flavonoids, terpenes and alkaloid classes also have binding energies  < − 7.0 kcal/mol. Such high binding energies were enhanced via hydrogen bond (h-bond) interactions in addition to other interactions observed between the compounds and the amino acid residues of the protein.

Conclusions
The ACE inhibitors and their analogues as well as the selected compounds could serve as inhibitors of the spike protein as well as lead in drug discovery processes to target the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
An outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis food poisoning following consumption of chicken shawarma: A brief epidemiological investigation
Authors: Deepanjali Surendran , Jharna Mandal , Chanaveerappa Bammigatti , Sarumathi Dhandapani , Gopichand Pallam , Anupriya Kaliyappan 
Published: August 2021

Background: Shawarma, a popular meat-based fast food could be a source of foodborne outbreak due to non-typhoidal Salmonella . A clustering of acute gastrointestinal (GI) illness following intake of chicken shawarma occurred primarily among the staff and students of a tertiary care hospital in southern India. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 348 undergraduate medical students (33 cases, 315 controls). Data was collected using direct interviews and a simple online questionnaire. Epidemiological associations of GI illness were evaluated at three levels of exposure namely - eating food from any restaurant, eating food from the implicated food outlet, eating chicken shawarma from the implicated outlet. Results: Of 33 cases, 26 had consumed food from a particular food outlet, 4 from other outlets, and 3 did not report eating out. Consumption of food from the suspected food outlet was significantly associated with GI illness (odds ratio 121.8 [95% CI 28.4 to 522.7]; P<0.001); all the 26 cases who had eaten from the particular outlet had eaten chicken shawarma. In comparison, only one of the 315 controls had eaten this dish. Of the 27 persons (cases as well as controls) who had consumed chicken shawarma from the outlet, 26 fell ill. Culture of stool samples from 10 affected individuals and implicated food item yielded Salmonella Enteritidis. Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that meat-based shawarma is a potential source of NTS infection.
Comparing carbon emissions between online and in-person study for a cohort of overseas students: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: F. Heller Richard , Sun Ya-Yen , Guo Zhe , Malik Arunima 
Published: August 2021

Background One of the benefits of online education is the potential reduction in carbon emissions through the decrease in travel to attend a university in person. We estimated the savings in CO2 emissions of an international cohort of master’s students who studied fully online from their home countries, rather than travelling to the UK and living there while attending university. Methods The city and country of residence of a cohort of students who first enrolled in the fully online Peoples-uni/Manchester Metropolitan University MPH programme between the second semester of 2011 and the first semester 2013 were recorded. We estimated the aviation emissions between Manchester, UK and the cities where students reside, and subtracted the per capita emissions for the country of origin from the per capita emissions for the UK over the time that the student would have spent in Manchester as a full-time student, based on the semester in which they first enrolled. Results 128 students enrolled from 55 cities in 31 countries. 93 students were from a range of African countries and 18 from the Indian sub-continent. Flights to and from Manchester were estimated to have accounted for 114,553kg of CO2 and living in Manchester for the duration of their course compared with staying in the home country would have been equivalent to 854,904kg of CO2. The combined net savings was 969,457kg of CO2. Conclusions A small cohort of overseas students, largely from Africa and India, studied online rather than attending university in the UK. The saving by this small cohort of nearly a million kg of CO2 emissions through not attending university in-person offers an indication of the potential environmental benefits of offering university education online to overseas students.
Long-ranged surface plasmon polaritons and their coupling with upconversion emissions in indium-tin-oxide-coated erbium and iron codoped LiNbO3
Authors: Ma Xinyan , Xiong Zuoren , Huo Dewang , Wang Yingce , Su Hang , Wang Chao , Zhao Hua 
Published: August 2021

Long-ranged surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and their coupling with upconversion emissions (UCEs) were studied in indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated erbium and iron codoped

L
i
N
b
O

3

(Er,Fe:LN). In this work, ITO is coated on Er,Fe:LN grains to form a noble-metal-like modified ITO layer, namely, a two-dimensional electron gas layer. By meeting phase-matching conditions, SPPs with a definite wave vector can be excited most efficiently. By calculating the attenuated total reflection spectra of the sandwich structure of unmodified ITO/modified ITO layer/LN, the propagation length of SPP can reach as long as 2.0 cm due to the subnanometer ITO modified layer. Experimentally, the location of missing spectral lines in the diffraction pattern and a valley in the transmission spectra are consistent well with the calculations of the phase-matching condition, both serving as valid proofs for SPP excitation. In the ITO-coated Er,Fe:LN grains, a sharp dropping-down process was observed in the UCE’s dynamics, indicating high coupling efficiency from UCEs to SPPs. This work advances the fundamental understanding in electrostatic modification of transparent oxides into visible nonmetal plasmonic materials by simply neighboring to ferroelectric oxides and leads a way toward designing and implementing shortwave plasmonic devices, apart from conventionally used lossy metal constituents.
Can follow up lung ultrasound in Coronavirus Disease-19 patients indicate clinical outcome?
Authors: Hoffmann Tatjana , Bulla Peter , Jödicke Lisa , Klein Constantin , Bott Sarah M. , Keller Ronald , Malek Nisar , Fröhlich Eckhart , Göpel Siri , Blumenstock Gunnar , Fusco Stefano 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
To evaluate whether there is a change in findings of coronavirus disease 2019 patients in follow up lung ultrasound and to determine whether these findings can predict the development of severe disease.

Materials and methods
In this prospective monocentric study COVID-19 patients had standardized lung ultrasound (12 area evaluation) at day 1, 3 and 5. The primary end point was detection of pathologies and their change over time. The secondary end point was relationship between change in sonographic results and clinical outcome. Clinical outcome was assessed on development of severe disease defined as need for intensive care unit.

Results
Data of 30 patients were analyzed, 26 patients with follow-up lung ultrasound. All of them showed lung pathologies with dynamic patterns. 26,7% developed severe disease tending to have an ubiquitous lung involvement in lung ultrasound. In patients with need for intensive care unit a previously developed increase in B-lines, subpleural consolidations and pleural line irregularities was more common. A statistically significant association between change in B-lines as well as change in pleural line irregularities and development of severe disease was observed (p<0,01).

Conclusion
The present study demonstrates that follow up lung ultrasound can be a powerful tool to track the evolution of disease and suggests that lung ultrasound is able to indicate an impending development of severe disease in COVID-19 patients.
Effect of empagliflozin on phosphorus and calcium metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with preserved kidney function
Authors: Lebedev D. A. , Timkina N. V. , Karonova T. L. , Andreeva A. T. , Kokina M. A. , Grigorieva A. L. , Babenko A. Yu. , Grineva E. N. 
Published: August 2021

Background: Sodium glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) are antihyperglycemic drugs approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical trials with these drugs have shown evidence of an increased risk of fractures and an effect on phosphorus, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the most selective iSGLT2 empagliflozin on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism in patients with T2DM and preserved kidney function.Materials and methods: Thirty-nine T2DM patients were received empagliflozin 10 mg in addition to their antihyperglycemic drugs for 12 weeks. Before starting treatment, a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with an assessment of the trabecular bone score (TBS) was performed. The concentration of phosphorus (P), total (tCa) and ionized calcium (Ca++), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), 25(OH)D and PTH were assessed.Results: According to the DXA results, only 2 patients had osteoporosis, 10 (25.6%) patients had bone mineral density (BMD) values below 1.35 g /cm2 on the TCI scale. Treatment with empagliflozin for 12 weeks was lead to significant increase in FGF-23. Compared to the baseline level, there were no statistically significant differences in the concentrations of P, oCa, Ca++, PTH and 25(OH)D after 12 weeks of treatment. The level of FGF-23 did not correlate with the level of glomerular filtration rate either before or after treatment (r = 0.31, p = 0.27 and r = 0.39, p = 0.55, respectively). In addition, baseline BMD adjusted for TBS and baseline 25(OH)D did not correlate with Ca, F, FGF-23, and PTH concentrations (p>0.05).Conclusion: Thus, empagliflozin has increased the level of FGF-23 without significant changes in the concentration of phosphorus, calcium, 25 (OH) D, and PTH after 12 weeks of treatment in patients with T2DM and preserved renal function. The obtained data confirmed the necessity to assess the TBS in patients with T2DM, because it’s provide additional information on the quality of bone tissue.
Community cityscape: modes of engagement and co-construction of the streetscape
Authors: Buchstaller Isabelle 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This contribution explores the bottom-up processes via which a community – or indeed special interest groups within a community – can influence the semiotic choices in the street-scape around them. I start by discussing the question to which extent the decision-making processes about street naming in different locales are transparent and open to public involvement. I also explore the instruments used by city councils and other administrative agencies to invite or indeed stifle public debate about street names, such as citizens surveys, op-eds in local newspapers and discussion fora as opposed to closed-off systems and exclusionary strategies. The paper moves on to consider grassroots movements opposing top-down decisions, including the mobilization of guerilla activity resulting in semi-spontaneous re-naming of street names and polls/lists of names and letters sent to the city council by concerned citizens. Finally, I consider politically motivated acts of vandalism resulting in semiotic erasure as well as resistance to official naming via inertia. The article closes with a brief discussion of the increasing commercialization of the linguistic streetscape, exploring the impact of market forces which claim authorship of the city text.
miR-519d downregulates LEP expression to inhibit preeclampsia development
Authors: Cai Hairui , Li Dongmei , Wu Jun , Shi Chunbo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to characterize role of microRNA (miR)-519d in trophoblast cells and preeclampsia (PE) development and its potential underlying mechanism. Regulation of leptin (LEP) by miR-519d was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Loss- and gain-of-function assays were conducted to detect the roles of miR-519d and LEP in proliferation, migratory ability, and invasive capacity of HTR-8/SVneo cells by means of CCK-8 assay, scratch test, and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. The cell apoptosis rate and cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. LEP expression was elevated, whereas miR-519d level was suppressed in the PE placenta samples compared with those from normal pregnancy. Depletion of LEP promoted proliferation, migratory ability, and invasive capacity and repressed apoptosis. miR-519d could bind 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of LEP, the extent of which correlated negatively with LEP expression. miR-519d suppressed the expression of LEP in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR-519d promoted survival and migratory ability of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Taken together, we find that miR-519d targeted LEP and downregulated its expression, which could likely inhibit the development of PE.
Low-threshold and narrow-linewidth perovskite microlasers pumped by a localized waveguide source
Authors: Liu Hui , Yu Haoran , Dai Lun , Li Zhi , Chen Jianjun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
For the widely used vertically pumped (VP) method with a free-space beam, very little pump power is absorbed by the gain materials in microlasers because of the large spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and free-space pump beams together with small thicknesses of gain materials, resulting in a high pump power threshold. Here, an in-plane-waveguide-pump (IPWP) method with a localized waveguide source is proposed to reduce pump power threshold of perovskite microlasers. Owing to reduced spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and localized waveguide sources as well as increased absorption distances, the pump power threshold of the IPWP method is decreased to approximately 6% that of the VP method. Moreover, under the same multiple of the pump power threshold, the laser linewidth in the IPWP method is narrowed to approximately 70% that in the VP method. By using the IPWP method, selective pumping two adjacent (separation 2 or 3 μm) parallel-located perovskite microlasers is experimentally demonstrated, and no crosstalk is observed. This IPWP method may have applications in low-energy and high-density microlasers and photonic integrated circuits.
Framed by the Law: Experimental Evidence for the Effects of the Salience of the Law on Preferences
Authors: Kricheli-Katz Tamar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This Article takes an experimental approach to test whether the salience of the law as a system that governs an interaction affects people’s preferences. I find that when the law is made salient in an interaction people’s preferences are altered: they express more future-oriented preferences and donate less money to charity, as compared to when the law is not salient in an otherwise identical interaction. When the law is salient in an interaction people also prefer ‘products’ over experiences, but this gap is only marginally significant. The findings suggest that the framing of an interaction as legal tends to evoke cultural scripts and implicit rules of behavior (“common knowledge”) that incorporate the shared assumptions in society about the law. In response, participants interpret the interaction as more rational and instrumental and express preferences accordingly.