bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Brain Network Organization in Adults With Obesity as Compared With Healthy-Weight Individuals and Seniors
Authors: Ottino-González Jonatan , Baggio Hugo César , Jurado María Ángeles , Segura Bàrbara , Caldú Xavier , Prats-Soteras Xavier , Tor Encarnació , Sender-Palacios María José , Miró Nuria , Sánchez-Garre Consol , Dadar Mahsa , Dagher Alain , García-García Isabel , Garolera Maite 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Life expectancy and obesity rates have drastically increased in recent years. An unhealthy weight is related to long-lasting medical disorders that might compromise the normal course of aging. The aim of the current study of brain connectivity patterns was to examine whether adults with obesity would show signs of premature aging, such as lower segregation, in large-scale networks.

Methods
Participants with obesity (n = 30, mean age = 32.8 ± 5.68 years) were compared with healthy-weight controls (n = 33, mean age = 30.9 ± 6.24 years) and senior participants who were stroke-free and without dementia (n = 30, mean age = 67.1 ± 6.65 years) using resting-state magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory metrics (i.e., small-world index, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and degree).

Results
Contrary to our hypothesis, participants with obesity exhibited a higher clustering coefficient compared with senior participants (t = 5.06, p < .001, d = 1.23, 95% CIbca = 0.64 to 1.88). Participants with obesity also showed lower global degree relative to seniors (t = −2.98, p = .014, d = −0.77, 95% CIbca = −1.26 to −0.26) and healthy-weight controls (t = −2.92, p = .019, d = −0.72, 95% CIbca = −1.19 to −0.25). Regional degree alterations in this group were present in several functional networks.

Conclusions
Participants with obesity displayed greater network clustering than did seniors and also had lower degree compared with seniors and individuals with normal weight, which is not consistent with the notion that obesity is associated with premature aging of the brain. Although the cross-sectional nature of the study precludes causal inference, the overly clustered network patterns in obese participants could be relevant to age-related changes in brain function because regular networks might be less resilient and metabolically inefficient.
Introduction of an Ambulatory Care Medication Reconciliation Service in Dialysis Patients: Positive Impact on Medication Prescribing and Economic Benefit
Authors: Alghanem Sarah S. , Bayoud Tania , Taher Sameer , Al-Hazami Mai , Al-Kandari Nasser , Al-Sharekh Monther 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the implementation of medication reconciliation (MedRec) and medication-related costs in dialysis-dependent patients.

Methods
Completed best possible medication history and reconciliation forms were collected within 6 months from 77 patients’ file at the dialysis center. Outcome measures were number and types of medication discrepancies, medication-related problems (MRPs), and their potential to cause harm, in addition to the type and number of interventions conducted during MedRec and the resulted medication costs reduction.

Results
The mean number of medications was 11 ± 4, which was reduced to 8 ± 3 (P < 0.0001) after MedRec. Medication discrepancies accounted for 55, and MRPs were raised by pharmacists 216 times, and 55% had the potential to cause moderate patient discomfort. Mediations were held in 1.2%, discontinued in 21.2%, and changed in 5.4%, which led to €75.665 (U.S. $85.33) and €459.93 (U.S. $511.979) reduction in medication costs per patient for 1 and 6 months, respectively.

Conclusions
Several discrepancies and MRPs were identified in the present study that put patients undergoing dialysis at risk for potential harm and adverse drug events. Regularly performing ambulatory MedRec and involving pharmacists in the model of care can improve the quality of healthcare delivered to dialysis-dependent patients and reduce cost.
Anti–Polymyositis/Scl Antibodies in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Iniesta Arandia Nerea , Espinosa Gerard , Guillén del Castillo Alfredo , Tolosa-Vilella Carles , Colunga-Argüelles Dolores , González de Echávarri Pérez de Heredia Cristina , Lledó Gema M. , Comet Luis Sáez , Ortego-Centeno Norberto , Vargas Hito José Antonio , Rubio-Rivas Manuel , Freire Mayka , Ríos-Blanco Juan José , Rodríguez-Carballeira Mónica , Trapiella-Martínez Luis , Fonollosa-Pla Vicent , Simeón-Aznar Carmen Pilar 
Published: May 2021

Objectives
To assess the clinical profile of patients with anti–polymyositis/Scl (PM/Scl) antibodies in a cohort of Spanish patients with systemic sclerosis.

Methods
From the Spanish Scleroderma Study Group database, we selected patients in whom PM/Scl antibodies had been tested. We compared demographic, clinical, laboratory, and survival data between patients with and without PM/Scl antibodies.

Results
Seventy-two of 947 patients (7.6%) tested positive for PM/Scl antibodies. Patients with PM/Scl antibodies presented initially with more puffy fingers and arthralgias but less Raynaud phenomenon. Regarding cumulative manifestations, myositis and arthritis were more prevalent in patients with PM/Scl antibodies, as well as pulmonary fibrosis. On the contrary, patients with PM/Scl antibodies had less pulmonary hypertension. No difference in terms of survival at 5 and 10 years was noticed between the 2 groups.

Conclusions
In systemic sclerosis patients from Spain, PM/Scl antibodies are associated with a distinct clinical profile. However, PM/Scl antibodies did not influence survival.
18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT Findings of Abdominal Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Güzel Yunus , Can Canan , Söğütçü Nilgün , Gündeş Ebubekir , Gündoğan Cihan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A 56-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. Her abdominal CT revealed an retroperitoneal mass in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. 18F-FDG PET/CT performed for metabolic characterization showed low to moderate heterogenous FDG uptake. 68Ga–fibroblast activation protein-specific inhibitor (FAPI)–04 PET/CT performed according to a research carried out in our department showed high heterogenous radiopharmaceutical uptake. The patient was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma after R0 tumor resection. This case showed that 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT could be a promising radiopharmaceutical in the evaluation of leiomyosarcomas.
Serial 18F-FP-CIT and FDG PET in Fulminant Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Park Don Gueu , An Young Sil , Yoon Jung Han 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is characterized by a slow progressive cognitive decline, apraxia, myoclonus, dystonia, and parkinsonism. We experienced a rapidly progressing CBS patient (onset to bed-ridden within 2 years) presenting only with resting tremor but showing complete unilateral loss of dopamine transporter binding. This case exhibited distinct FDG PET findings involving the unilateral severe anterior frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, and contralateral cerebellum, which is different from classical CBS. However, to date, no detailed serial functional imaging study has been performed in rapidly progressing CBS, so these FDG PET and CIT PET findings may help clinicians to recognize this fulminant type of corticobasal degeneration.
Early and Sustained Elevation in Serum Pancreatic Amylase Activity
Authors: Bannone Elisa , Marchegiani Giovanni , Balduzzi Alberto , Procida Giuseppa , Vacca Pier Giuseppe , Salvia Roberto , Bassi Claudio 
Published: May 2021

Objective:
To characterize early postoperative serum pancreatic amylase (spAMY) trends after pancreatic resections.

Summary Background Data:
A postoperative spAMY elevation is a common finding but uncertainties remain about its meaning and prognostic implications.

Methods:
Analysis of patients who consecutively underwent pancreatectomy from 2016 to 2019. spAMY activity was assessed from postoperative day (POD) 0 to 3. Different patterns of spAMY have been identified based on the spAMY standard range (10–52 U/l).

Results:
Three patterns were identified: (#1) spAMY values always < the lower limit of normal/within the reference range /a single increase in spAMY > upper limit of normal at any POD; (#2) Sustained increase in spAMY activity on POD 0 + 1; (#3) Sustained increase in spAMY activity including POD 1 + 2. Shifting through spAMY patterns was associated with increase morbidity (21% in #1 to 68% in #3 at POD 7; log rank < 0.001). Almost all severe complications (at least Clavien-Dindo ≥3) occurred in patients with pattern #3 (15% vs 3% vs 5% in #1 and #2 at POD 7, P = 0.006), without difference considering >3-times or >the spAMY normal limit (P = 0.85). POPF (9% in #1 vs 48% in #3, P < 0.001) progressively increased across patterns. Pre-operative diabetes (OR 0.19), neoadjuvant therapy (OR 0.22), pancreatic texture (OR 8.8), duct size (OR 0.78), and final histology (OR 2.2) were independent predictors of pattern #3.

Conclusions:
A sustained increase in spAMY activity including POD 1 + 2 (#3) represents an early postoperative predictor of overall and severe early morbidity. An early and dynamic evaluation of spAMY could crucially impact the subsequent clinical course with relevant prognostic implications.
A Randomized Phase II Trial of Adjuvant Hepatic Arterial Infusion and Systemic Therapy With or Without Panitumumab After Hepatic Resection of KRAS Wild-type Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kemeny Nancy E. , Chou Joanne F. , Capanu Marinela , Chatila Walid K. , Shi Hongyu , Sanchez-Vega Francisco , Kingham Thomas Peter , Connell Louise Catherine , Jarnagin William R. , D’Angelica Michael I. 
Published: May 2021

Objective/Background:
The purpose was to determine whether adding Pmab versus no Pmab to an adjuvant regimen of hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of floxuridine (FUDR) plus systemic (SYS) leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) improves 15-month recurrence-free survival for patients with RAS wild-type colorectal cancer. Secondary endpoints included overall survival, toxicity, and influence of predictive biomarkers.

Methods:
This phase II trial randomized patients with KRAS wild-type resected colorectal liver metastases to adjuvant HAI FUDR + SYS FOLFIRI +/– Pmab (NCT01312857). Patients were stratified by clinical risk score and previous chemotherapy. Based on an exact binomial design, if one arm had ≥24 patients alive and disease-free at 15 months that regimen was considered promising for further investigation.

Results:
Seventy-five patients were randomized. Patient characteristics and toxicity were not different in the 2 arms, except for rash in +Pmab arm. Grade 3/4 elevation in bilirubin or alkaline phosphatase did not differ in the 2 arms. Twenty-five (69%; 95% CI, 53–82) patients in the Pmab arm versus 18 (47%; 95% CI, 32–63) patients in the arm without Pmab were alive and recurrence-free at 15 months. Only the Pmab arm met the decision rule, while the other arm did not. After median follow-up of 56.6 months, 3-year recurrence-free survival was 57% (95% CI, 43–76) and 42% (95% CI, 29–61), and 3-year overall survival was 97% (95% CI, 90–99) and 91% (95% CI, 83–99), +/– Pmab, respectively.

Conclusions:
The addition of Pmab to HAI FUDR + SYS FOLFIRI showed promising activity without increased biliary toxicity and should be further investigated in a larger trial.
Intracorporeal Versus Extracorporeal Anastomosis in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial (The IVEA-study)
Authors: Ferrer-Márquez Manuel , Rubio-Gil Francisco , Torres-Fernández Rocio , Moya-Forcén Pedro , Belda-Lozano Ricardo , Arroyo-Sebastián Antonio , Benavides-Buleje Jorge , Reina-Duarte Angel 
Published: May 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate short-term outcomes of performing intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right colon neoplasm.

Background:
Despite advances in the laparoscopic approach in colorectal surgery and the clear benefit of this approach over open surgery, because of the technical difficulty in performing intracorporeal anastomosis (IA), some continue to perform it extracorporeally in right colon surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a prospective multicenter randomized trial with 2 parallel groups on which either IA or extracorporeal anastomosis was performed in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right colon neoplasm, carried out between January 2016 and December 2018.

Results:
A total of 168 patients were randomized during the study period. At baseline, the 2 groups were comparable for age, sex, body mass index, surgical risk, and comorbidity. The median length of postoperative hospital stay was 7 days with no differences between the groups. About 70% of patients had an uneventful postoperative period without complications. The most common complications were paralytic ileus (20.63%; 33), surgical site infection (SSI) (10%; 16), and anastomotic leakage (6.25%; 10). The results show a lower level of SSI in the IA group (3.65% vs. 16.67%, P=0.008). Other complications do not show statistically significant differences between groups. Likewise, the incision for the extraction of the specimen was smaller in the IA group (P=0.000) and creation of the anastomosis intracorporeally decreased postoperative pain (P=0.000).

Conclusions:
In comparison to the extracorporeal technique, IA decreased postoperative pain, incision size, and SSI. Further studies will be needed to verify our findings.
The Value of a Support Person During the Surgical Consent Process: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sappenfield Elisabeth C. , O’Sullivan David M. , Steinberg Adam C. 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of support person participation during the preoperative appointment.

Methods
This is a prospective cohort study involving patients scheduled to undergo pelvic reconstructive surgery. Eligible patients were enrolled at the preoperative appointment and compared by presence or absence of a support person. Questionnaires were completed before and after the preoperative appointment, 1–3 days before surgery, and at the postoperative appointment. Previsit questionnaires included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, 6-item short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), and Brief Health Literacy screen. Postvisit questionnaires included the STAI-6, satisfaction with decision scale for pelvic floor disorders, preoperative preparedness questionnaire, and knowledge questionnaire. At the postoperative appointment, participants completed the patient global impression of improvement and postoperative symptom and satisfaction questionnaire. Primary outcome was patient anxiety measured by the STAI-6.

Results
Seventy-six patients participated in the study: 37 were categorized in the support person cohort and 39 were categorized in the no support person cohort. The mean scores of the STAI-6 did not differ between the support person and no support person cohorts at all time points (previsit: 42.97 ± 13.23 vs 41.53 ± 17.11, P = 0.68; postvisit: 38.11 ± 12.76 vs 36.33 ± 11.72, P = 0.53, and 1–3 days before surgery: 42.61 ± 13.0 vs 41.05 ± 16.39, P = 0.65). Overall preparedness, satisfaction with decision scale for pelvic floor disorders, and knowledge questionnaire did not differ between cohorts at both time points. Perioperative phone calls were similar between cohorts.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that the presence of a support person at preoperative counseling for pelvic floor surgery should be a personal preference and not a recommendation.
‘She come like a sister to me’: a qualitative study of volunteer social support for disadvantaged women in the transition to motherhood in England
Authors: McLeish Jenny , Redshaw Maggie 
Published: May 2021

This qualitative study explores the ways in which disadvantaged women benefit from social support from a trained volunteer during pregnancy and the postnatal period, using the theoretical frameworks of stress and coping and a multi-dimensional model of social support. Forty-seven mothers took part in semi-structured interviews. The mothers, who had received social support through nine volunteer projects in England, faced many potentially stressful challenges besides having a baby (such as poverty, poor housing, histories of abuse, motherhood at a young age, living with physical or mental health difficulties, migration and insecure immigration status). Analysis was in two distinct stages: first, an inductive thematic analysis of mothers' experiences, and second, mapping of the results onto the theoretical frameworks chosen. Volunteers built relationships of trust with mothers and gave skilled emotional support, positive appraisal support, informational support and practical support according to mothers’ individual needs, thereby assisting mothers exposed to multiple stressors with problem-focused, emotion-focused and perception-focused coping. This helped to reduce social isolation, increase effective access to services and community resources, and build mothers' confidence, self-esteem and self-efficacy. Volunteer social support may have particular salience for mothers who lack structural support and need skilled functional support.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Multidisciplinary perspectives on social support and maternal–child health’.
Relatively speaking? Partners' and family members’ views and experiences of supporting breastfeeding: a systematic review of qualitative evidence
Authors: Chang Yan-Shing , Li Kan Man Carmen , Li Kan Yan Chloe , Beake Sarah , Lok Kris Yuet Wan , Bick Debra 
Published: May 2021

This review aimed to synthesize qualitative evidence of views and experiences of partners and other family members who provided breastfeeding support for a relative. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence was followed. Seven databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Maternal and Infant Care, and Web of Science were searched. Partners and other family members (e.g. grandmothers, siblings) of women in any countries were included. Included papers were critically appraised. The JBI meta-aggregative approach was used to analyze data and form synthesized findings. Seventy-six papers from 74 studies were included. Five synthesized findings were: (i) spectrum of family members' breastfeeding knowledge, experiences and roles; (ii) the complexity of infant feeding decision making; (iii) the controversy of breastfeeding in front of others; (iv) impact of breastfeeding on family; and (v) it takes more than just family members: support for family members. Partners' and family members’ views and experiences of breastfeeding support reflected multi-faceted personal, social, financial, cultural, religious, emotional, psychological, and societal factors of the support they provided (or not). Healthcare professionals should engage them in breastfeeding discussions with the woman, and offer tailored and practical guidance relevant to help them to appropriately support the woman.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Multidisciplinary perspectives on social support and maternal–child health’.
Is WHO International Standard for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin Clinically Useful?
Authors: Lukaszuk Krzysztof , Kiewisz Jolanta , Rozanska Karolina , Podolak Amira , Jakiel Grzegorz , Woclawek-Potocka Izabela , Rabalski Lukasz , Lukaszuk Aron 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe introduction of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection needs precise instruments for quality control of vaccination procedure, detection of poor immunological response and estimation of the achieved protection against the disease but also against infection and being infective.ObjectiveTo compare new automated SARS-CoV 2 Ig assay performance characteristics from the automated Elecsys SARS-CoV-2 S (Roche) with the new LIAISON® SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG (DiaSorin) assay and their compatibility with WHO International Standard for anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin. In the context of the mass vaccination programs, we undertook the investigation of clinical utility of the two new automated assays by analyzing results in samples collected at specified time points relative to the vaccination time.DesignProspective assay evaluation.PatientsMedical staff undergoing vaccination with BioNTech/Pfizer Comirnaty vaccine between January and March 2021 (n = 79) and referred for serum antiSARS-CoV 2 Ig testing prior to vaccination, 21 days after the first dose, and 8, 14 and 30 days after the second dose. Main Outcome Measure(s): Serum antibody levels measured with Roche and DiaSorin assays.ResultsIntra-assay imprecision was low with DiaSorin at 3.46%; and Roche at 2.5%. The Passing-Bablok regression equation for all tested samples was y (DiaSorin) = 184.61 + (1.03 x Roche) and the correlation between the assays (r=0.587; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe novel automated assays exhibit strong concordance in calibration, with assay-specific interpretation required for routine clinical use. These results highlight the need for further work on the international standard of measurement of SARS-CoV 2 Ig especially in era of vaccination. The serological assays can be useful to detect IgG/IgM antibodies, to assess the degree of immunization, to trace the contacts, and to support the decision to readmit people to work or vaccinate them again. However, the values generated by both assays can be markedly different, and assay-specific and personalized interpretation is required.
HIV and the Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Stout Robert L. , Rigatti Steven J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImportanceHealthy HIV-positive insurance applicants have a similar risk of infection and produce a similar antibody response as HIV-negative applicants infected with COVID-19.ObjectiveStudy the seroprevalence and immune response to COVID-19 in healthy HIV-positive life insurance applicants.DesignFrom January 2020 to March 2021, we examined the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in all HIV-positive applicants. Antibody level in 340 age and sex matched COVID-19 positive applicants, 170 HIV-positive and 170 HIV negative, are compared. The data was de-identified of all personal information and separated by month, age and sex.ParticipantsSelf-reported healthy HIV positive life insurance applicants were tested for antibodies to COVID-19.
System inference via field inversion for the spatio-temporal progression of infectious diseases: Studies of COVID-19 in Michigan and Mexico
Authors: Wang Z. , Carrasco-Teja M. , Zhang X. , Teichert G.H. , Garikipati K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present an approach to studying and predicting the spatio-temporal progression of infectious diseases. We treat the problem by adopting a partial differential equation (PDE) version of the Susceptible, Infected, Recovered, Deceased (SIRD) compartmental model of epidemiology, which is achieved by replacing compartmental populations by their densities. Building on our recent work (Computational Mechanics, 66, 1177, 2020), we replace our earlier use of global polynomial basis functions with those having local support, as epitomized in the finite element method, for the spatial representation of the SIRD parameters. The time dependence is treated by inferring constant parameters over time intervals that coincide with the time step in semi-discrete numerical implementations. In combination, this amounts to a scheme of field inversion of the SIRD parameters over each time step. Applied to data over ten months of 2020 for the pandemic in the US state of Michigan and to all of Mexico, our system inference via field inversion infers spatio-temporally varying PDE SIRD parameters that replicate the progression of the pandemic with high accuracy. It also produces accurate predictions, when compared against data, for a three week period into 2021. Of note is the insight that is suggested on the spatio-temporal variation of infection, recovery and death rates, as well as patterns of the population’s mobility revealed by diffusivities of the compartments.