bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How is working length determination taught? A survey to assess what is recommended in undergraduate Schools of Dentistry in Brazil
Authors: Rech Luara Cristina , Montagner Francisco , Luisi Simone Bonato , Melo Tiago André Fontoura de 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionTo analyse what are the methods for working length (WLD) determination taught for undergraduate students in Brazilian Dental Schools and the perception of professors about the use of electronic WL determination in the clinical practice.MethodsAn online questionnaire with eighteen closed questions was sent to 209 Schools of Dentistry in Brazil using the Google Forms Platform. The questionnaire was structured to analyse the perception of professors in the department of endodontics about the method of working length determination taught in undergraduate courses in Dentistry. The data collected in the questionnaires were transferred to an Excel® spreadsheet and analysed using absolute and relative frequencies. The non‐parametric Mann‐Whitney test was used to compare groups.ResultsOf the 209 schools contacted, 41 (19.61%) returned answers to the questionnaire. According to professors, electronic working length (WL) determination had a shorter length of time to perform it (p < .001), WL measurement accuracy (p < .001) and ease of performance (p < .001). Professors felt safer when maintaining patency when using electronic WL determination (p = .0020).ConclusionsBoth radiographic and electronic methods of WL determination are taught in Brazilian Schools of Dentistry. The electronic method was used more frequently, especially in undergraduate clinical courses.
Studying the in vivo application of a liquid dermal scaffold in promoting wound healing in a mouse model
Authors: Pakyari Mohammadreza (Sam) , Jalili Reza B. , Kilani Ruhangiz Taghi , Amiri Nafise , Brown Erin , Ghahary Aziz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLack of matrix deposition is one of the main factors that complicates the healing process of wounds. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy and safety of a liquid dermal scaffold, referred to as MeshFill (MF) that can fill the complex network of tunnels and cavities which are usually found in chronic wounds and hence improve the healing process. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo properties of a novel liquid dermal scaffold in a delayed murine full‐thickness wound model. We also compared this scaffold with two commercially available granular collagen‐based products (GCBP). Liquid dermal scaffold accelerated wound closure significantly compared with no‐treated control and collagen‐based injectable composites in a delayed splinted wound model. When we compared cellular composition and count between MF, no treatment and GCBP at the histology level, it was found that MF was the most analogous and consistent with the normal anatomy of the skin. These findings were matched with the clinical outcome observation. The flowable in situ forming scaffold is liquid at cold temperature and gels after application to the wound site. Therefore, it would conform to the topography of the wound when liquid and provides adequate tensile strength when solidified. This patient‐ready gelling dermal scaffold also contains the nutritional ingredients and therefore supports cell growth. Applying an injectable liquid scaffold that can fill wound gaps and generate a matrix to promote keratinocytes and fibroblasts migration, can result in improvement of the healing process of complex wounds.
Area‐based management of blue water fisheries: Current knowledge and research needs
Authors: Hilborn Ray , Agostini Vera N. , Chaloupka Milani , Garcia Serge M. , Gerber Leah R. , Gilman Eric , Hanich Quentin , Himes‐Cornell Amber , Hobday Alistair J. , Itano David , Kaiser Michel J. , Murua Hilario , Ovando Daniel , Pilling Graham M. , Rice Jake C. , Sharma Rishi , Schaefer Kurt M. , Severance Craig J. , Taylor Nathan G. , Fitchett Mark 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe pelagic fisheries beyond the continental shelves are currently managed with a range of tools largely based on regulating effort or target catch. These tools comprise both static and dynamic area‐based approaches to include gear limitations, closed areas and bycatch limits. There are increasing calls for additional area‐based interventions, particularly expansion of marine protected areas, with many now advocating closing 30% of the oceans to fishing. In this paper, we review the objectives, methods and successes of area‐based management of blue water fisheries across objectives related to food production and environmental, social and economic impacts. We also consider the methods used to evaluate the performance of area‐based regulations and provide a summary of the relative quality of evidence from alternative evaluation approaches. We found that few area‐based approaches have been rigorously evaluated, and that it is often difficult to obtain requisite observational data to define a counterfactual to infer any causal effect for such evaluation. Management agencies have been relatively successful at maintaining important commercial species at or near their target abundance, but success at meeting ecological or social goals is less clear. The high mobility of both target and bycatch species generally reduces the effectiveness of area‐based management, and shifting distributions due to climate change suggest that adaptive rather than static approaches will be preferred. We prioritize research and management actions that would make area‐based management more effective.
Herbage allowance and stocking method effect on grazing systems: Results of a long‐term experiment
Authors: Moojen Fernanda G. , Bremm Carolina , Laca Emilio A. , Machado Débora R. , Savian Jean V. , Carvalho Paulo C. de F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSward management is critical for animal performance in pastoral environments. We evaluated the performance of sheep grazing Italian ryegrass pastures under factorial combinations of two stocking methods (SM) (continuous and rotational) and two herbage allowances (HA) (10% and 20% of LWT) over 9 years. Average daily gain (ADG) was greater in continuous than in rotational stocking (p < .001) and in HA‐20% when compared with HA‐10% (p = .002). Weight gain per hectare was greater in HA‐10% than HA‐20% (p < .001). HA and total herbage production were the most important factors determining live weight (LW) gain per hectare, whilst sheep ADG relies upon sward parameters (i.e., sward height). Moreover, to increase sheep LW production per hectare in grazing systems, the amount of herbage production and its availability to animals is more important than the SM. These outcomes provide the basis to build sound grazing systems through the optimization of sward management.
Femtosecond laser micromachining of integrated glass devices for high‐order harmonic generation
Authors: Martínez Vázquez Rebeca , Ciriolo Anna G. , Crippa Gabriele , Tosa Valer , Sala Federico , Devetta Michele , Vozzi Caterina , Stagira Salvatore , Osellame Roberto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFemtosecond laser micromachining is a versatile technique that is broadly used for the fabrication of integrated optics and microfluidic devices. In this work, we present the fabrication and demonstration of a microfluidic device used for high‐order harmonic generation in a hollow waveguide filled with helium. We found a higher generation yield and a harmonic spectrum reshaping (at gas baking pressures over 400 mbar) in the hollow waveguide with a smoother surface. We believe that, thanks to the high versatility and three‐dimensional capability of this microstructuring technique, in the next future it will be possible to integrate more functionalities in the same glass chip thus paving the way to strong laser field physics in a lab‐on‐chip.
Natural ingredient paeoniflorin could be a lead compound against white spot syndrome virus infection in Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Hu Yang , Liu Lei , Shan Li‐peng , Chen Jiong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhite spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is an important pathogen causing high mortality in the shrimp industry in aquaculture, yet there is no treatment available to date. In order to find a treatment against WSSV infection, this study examined the anti‐WSSV activity of eight natural compounds using shrimp larvae as a model. Among the eight compounds, paeoniflorin showed the most obvious anti‐WSSV effect, with a maximum protection efficiency of WSSV‐infected shrimp >60% at 100 μM. Furthermore, pretreatment and post‐treatment experiments revealed that paeoniflorin could prevent and treat WSSV infection in shrimp. The antiviral activity of paeoniflorin in aquaculture water decreased rapidly with time, and the results showed that the stable anti‐WSSV activity of paeoniflorin could only remain in water for 1 day. Thus, the dosing pattern of continuous medication changes was evaluated. Obviously, in the model of continuous change of paeoniflorin, WSSV copy numbers in the virus‐treated shrimp group still progressively increased, while the virus content in WSSVpaeoniflorin‐treated group continued to decrease. Interestingly, paeoniflorin inhibited horizontal transmission of WSSV to a certain extent. Notably, paeoniflorin significantly increased the expression of antimicrobial peptides of shrimp to resist WSSV. In conclusion, paeoniflorin has the potential to protect shrimp against WSSV.
Neuronal membrane glycoprotein (nmgp‐1) gene deficiency affects chemosensation‐related behaviors, dauer exit and egg‐laying in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Fernández Eliana M. , Cutraro Yamila B. , Adams Jessica , Monteleone Melisa C. , Hughes Kiley J. , Frasch Alberto C. , Vidal‐Gadea Andrés G. , Brocco Marcela A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe nervous system monitors the environment to maintain homeostasis, which can be affected by stressful conditions. Using mammalian models of chronic stress, we previously observed altered brain levels of GPM6A, a protein involved in neuronal morphology. However, GPM6A's role in systemic stress responses remains unresolved. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans expresses a GPM6A ortholog, the neuronal membrane glycoprotein 1 (NMGP‐1). Because of the shared features between nematode and mammalian nervous systems and the vast genetic tools available in C. elegans, we used the worm to elucidate the role of GPM6A in the stress response. We first identified nmgp‐1 expression in different amphid and phasmid neurons. To understand the nmgp‐1 role, we characterized the behavior of nmgp‐1(RNAi) animals and two nmgp‐1 mutant alleles. Compared to control animals, mutant and RNAi‐treated worms exhibited increased recovery time from the stress‐resistant dauer stage, altered SDS chemosensation and reduced egg‐laying rate resulting in egg retention (bag‐of‐worms phenotype). Silencing of nmgp‐1 expression induced morphological abnormalities in the ASJ sensory neurons, partly responsible for dauer exit. These results indicate that nmgp‐1 is required for neuronal morphology and for behaviors associated with chemosensation. Finally, we propose nmgp‐1 mutants as a tool to screen drugs for human nervous system pathologies.
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‘We can bear it!’ Unpacking barriers to hepatocellular carcinoma screening among patients with hepatitis B: A qualitative study
Authors: Li Caixia , Lu Xiling , Xiao Jinnan , Chan Carmen W. H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore barriers to hepatocellular carcinoma screening among patients with hepatitis B.BackgroundHepatitis B‐related hepatocellular carcinoma is a major cause of cancer‐related mortality globally. A preventive strategy for screening is needed to improve early tumour detection and overall survival. However, utilisation remains suboptimal and barriers are understudied and largely focused on clinical factors.DesignA qualitative study based on the preventive health model using phenomenological hermeneutical approach.MethodsFace‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 23 hepatitis B patients from November 2020 to February 2021. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used. The COREQ checklist was followed.ResultsFour themes were identified: (i) miscognition, (ii) cultural stigma and taboo, (iii) social norms of enduring hardship and (iv) social barriers at the community, health system and policy levels. Patients had misconceptions about inactive carriers, asymptomatic nature of chronic hepatitis B, hepatocellular carcinoma risks and screening recommendations. Influenced by the taboo of hepatocellular carcinoma, stigma against hepatitis B and enduring hardship norms, they perceived screening as divination, avoided utilisation to hide disease status and endured symptoms until they were intolerable. Insufficient community support, a lack of shared decision‐making in health systems, and inadequate rural reimbursement policy and hepatocellular carcinoma detection capacity further precluded utilisation.ConclusionsCognitive and sociocultural barriers precluded individuals’ intention, utilisation and persistence of hepatocellular carcinoma screening. The results highlight intervention targets for miscognition, stigma, taboo and social norms; propose family‐focused, community‐based education programs; suggest health systems to introduce decision aids; and inform policymaking and upskilling of physicians in rural areas.Relevance to clinical practiceCollaborative efforts are needed to improve real‐world hepatocellular carcinoma screening, including education to address knowledge deficiencies, psychological counselling to reduce stigma and taboo beliefs, support for shared decision‐making and reimbursement policies.
Hospital at home for acute medical illness: The 21st century acute medical unit for a changing population
Authors: Knight Thomas , Lasserson Daniel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecent trends across Europe show a year‐on‐year increase in the number of patients with acute medical illnesses presenting to hospitals, yet there are no plans for a substantial expansion in acute hospital infrastructure or staffing to address demand. Strategies to meet increasing demand need to consider the fact that there is limited capacity in acute hospitals and focus on new care models in both hospital and community settings. Increasing the efficiency of acute hospital provision by reducing the length of stay entails supporting acute ambulatory care, where patients receive daily acute care interventions but do not stay overnight in the hospitals. This approach may entail daily transfer between home and an acute setting for ongoing treatment, which is unsuitable for some patients living with frailty. Acute hospital at home (HaH) is a care model which, thanks to advances in point of care diagnostic capability, can provide a credible model of acute medical assessment and treatment without the need for hospital transfer. Investment and training to support scaling up of HaH are key strategic aims for integrated healthcare systems.
Dental care utilization in Massachusetts before and after initiation of medication for opioid use disorder: A cross‐sectional study of a state all‐payer claims database
Authors: Simon Lisa , Choudhary Abhishek , Ticku Shenam , Barrow Jane , Tobey Matthew 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) are at higher risk of poor oral health. Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) has been shown to improve outcomes for patients with OUD, but it is unknown how initiation of MOUD affects access to oral health services.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of all individuals in the Massachusetts All‐Payer Claims Database prescribed oral buprenorphine‐naloxone or injectable naltrexone from 2013 to 2016. We evaluated dental utilization in the year before and after beginning MOUD. A logistic regression predicting dental utilization was conducted.ResultsAmong the 54,791 individuals, rates of dental utilization were low both before and after MOUD (10.5% and 10% with a dental visit, respectively). Of those who did not have a dental visit in the year before starting MOUD, 95.1% did not have a dental visit in the year after. Rates of various procedure types were comparable before and after MOUD. In a logistic regression, a prior dental visit was associated with 9.82 times the odds (95% CI 9.14–10.55) of having a dental visit after starting MOUD; increasing age, being prescribed naltrexone, having a mood disorder or HIV, year of initiation or being on Medicaid were also associated with having a dental visit. Male patients and those with Medicare or private insurance were less likely to have a dental visit.ConclusionsInitiating MOUD did not substantially result in increased dental access or substantial changes in dental procedures received. Patients receiving treatment for OUD may require additional support to access dental care.
Sharing and Non‐sharing Happiness: Evidence from Cross‐Cultural Studies in the United States and Japan
Authors: De Almeida Igor , Uchida Yukiko , Ellsworth Phoebe C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTwo studies were conducted to analyze how individuals feel and express their happiness in shared versus non‐shared events. We hypothesized that the Japanese (interdependence‐fostering culture), unlike Americans (independence‐fostering culture), would show higher levels of happiness in shared situations than in non‐shared situations. Study 1: participants were asked to describe two types of happy events (shared and non‐shared) they had experienced, and then indicate how strongly they had felt and expressed happiness. Results suggest that the Japanese felt and expressed higher degrees of happiness in shared situations than non‐shared situations, while Americans did not report this difference. Study 2: participants read the descriptions generated in Study 1 and answered how they would feel and express happiness. Japanese respondents scored higher in feeling and expressing happiness in shared situations than in non‐shared situations. Americans showed the same pattern, but with a smaller difference. While the Japanese tend to experience more happiness in shared situations than in non‐shared situations, Americans experience happiness similarly in both situations. These results may be related to the function of emotions in each culture.
Classification Schemes Gone Awry: Implications for Museum Research and Exhibition Display Practices
Authors: Mohan Urmila , Rodgers Susan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClassification schemes for collecting, studying, and displaying objects in museum contexts are power‐filled forms of knowledge in Foucauldian senses. When such typologies are imprecise or, more harmfully, misleading or forthrightly mistaken, a museum’s collecting practices, curatorial interpretations, and exhibition display decisions can go astray and obscure the social structural and ideological processes that produced the objects in the first place. This introductory essay explores these issues in general theoretical terms and sets the scene for our special issue’s four case studies of historically and ethnographically complex exhibitions in several museums from Manhattan to Brooklyn to Worcester, MA. The literature on the impact of colonialism on museum worlds’ systems of thought and classification is especially important. [museum typologies, curatorship, classification schemes]
Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in elderly patients: Systematic review and a meta‐analysis
Authors: Kawamura Iwanari , Aikawa Tadao , Yokoyama Yujiro , Takagi Hisato , Kuno Toshiki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsCatheter ablation (CA) is established therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, there is a limited understanding of CA in elderly patients. We studied the long‐term efficacy and periprocedural safety of radiofrequency and cryoballoon CA for elderly patients with AF.MethodsPubMed and Embase were searched through April 2021 to investigate the comparative outcomes between elderly and non‐elderly patients who underwent CA for AF. The primary efficacy and safety endpoints were AF recurrence and procedure‐related complications, respectively. Subgroup analyses were performed by procedure type of CA.ResultsThe search identified 20 observational studies with 110,606 patients, including 8009 elderly patients (7.2%). The risk of AF recurrence was not significantly different between elderly and non‐elderly patients (hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–2.00; p = .10, I2 = 70%). However, relative to the non‐elderly, elderly patients had significantly higher major complications (risk ratio [RR], 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14–1.54], p < .01, I2 = 0%) and overall complications (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.00–1.57; p = .05, I2 = 56%) with higher cerebrovascular events (RR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.25–2.25; p = < .01, I2 = 0%). Subgroup analysis with cryoballoon CA showed that procedure‐related complications in elderly patients were similar to those in non‐elderly patients but not with radiofrequency CA.ConclusionsCA for AF in elderly patients has comparable long‐term efficacy compared to that in non‐elderly patients; however, the incidence of procedure‐related complications were higher in elderly patients. Cryoballoon CA did not confer a higher procedure‐related risk in elderly patients.
Probing the Ni2+‐selective Response of Fluorescent Probe NiSensor‐1 with the NiCast Photocaged Complex†‡
Authors: Hickey Erin E. , Kennedy Daniel P. , Gwizdala Celina , Basa Prem N. , Müller Peter , MacDonald John , Burdette Shawn C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCTEA (N,N‐bis[2‐(carboxylmethyl)thioethyl]amine) is a mixed donor ligand that has been incorporated into multiple fluorescent sensors such as NiSensor‐1 that was reported to be selective for Ni2+. Other metal ions such as Zn2+ do not produce an emission response in aqueous solution. To investigate the coordination chemistry and selectivity of this receptor, we prepared NiCast, a photocage containing the CTEA receptor. Cast photocages undergo a photoreaction that decreases electron density on a metal‐bound aniline nitrogen atom, which shifts the binding equilibrium toward unbound metal ion. The unique selectivity of CTEA was examined by measuring the binding affinity of NiCast and the CTEA receptor for Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ under different conditions. In aqueous solution, Ni2+ binds more strongly to the aniline nitrogen atom than Cd2+; however, in CH3CN, the change in affinity virtually disappears. The crystal structure of [Cu(CTEA)], which exhibits a Jahn–Teller–distorted square pyramidal structure, was also analyzed to gain more insight into the underlying coordination chemistry. These studies suggest that the fluorescence selectivity of NiSensor‐1 in aqueous solution is due to a stronger interaction between the aniline nitrogen atom and Ni2+ compared to other divalent metal ions except Cu2+.
The Status ofDein Romance Indefinites, Partitives and Pseudopartitives*
Authors: Espinal M.Teresa , Cyrino Sonia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the status ofdein Romance indefinites, partitives and pseudopartitives. It argues that there is neither a ‘partitive article’ nor a ‘partitive preposition’ in syntax.Dein Romance indefinites is the overt Spell‐Out of an abstract operatordethat cancels the definiteness of articles and is responsible for indefiniteness.Dein Romance partitives is the overt Spell‐Out of arelatorhead that takes a definite DP as complement and a QP in the specifier position. Finally, pseudopartitivity is shown to have crosslinguistic parallels with indefinites, and it is derived by postulating a mono‐projectional analysis in which a semilexical N selects for ade‐phrase, in exactly the same way that quantifiers and cardinals select for indefinitede‐phrases.