bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditioning intensity and probability of live birth after blood or marrow transplantation, a BMTSS report
Authors: Balas Nora , Hageman Lindsey , Wu Jessica , Francisco Liton , Schlichting Elizabeth , Bosworth Alysia , Te Hok Sreng , Wong F. Lennie , Landier Wendy , Salzman Donna , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Forman Stephen J. , Arora Mukta , Armenian Saro H. , Bhatia Smita 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We examine the impact of conditioning intensity (low intensity: nonmyeloablative/reduced intensity vs high intensity: myeloablative) and total body irradiation (TBI) on the probability of live birth after blood or marrow transplantation (BMT). Study participants were drawn from the BMT Survivor Study (BMTSS) and included 1607 transplant survivors between 1974 and 2014 at age ≤45 years, with survival ≥2 years post-BMT and age at study ≥18 years. Closest-age, same-sex biologic siblings (n = 172) were 1:1 matched with 172 survivors. Survivors and siblings self-reported information on sociodemographic, chronic health conditions, and pregnancies. Within survivor analysis: the association between the primary exposure variable (no TBI/low-intensity conditioning; 200 to 800 cGy TBI/low-intensity conditioning; no TBI/high-intensity conditioning; &gt;800 cGy TBI/high-intensity conditioning) and the odds of no post-BMT live birth were examined using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for clinical and demographic variables. Median age at BMT was 31 years (IQR, 0 to 45), and median length of follow-up was 14.3 years (IQR, 2.4 to 41.4); 39.3% were autologous BMT recipients, and 46.6% were female. Overall, 120 (8.7%) survivors reported post-BMT live births. Receipt of &gt;800 cGy TBI/high-intensity conditioning (odds ratio [OR], 3.7; 95% CI, 1.9-7.0; ref: no TBI/low-intensity conditioning) was associated with higher odds of reporting no live birth post-BMT. In contrast, 200 to 800 cGy TBI/low-intensity conditioning (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.5-3.3), and no TBI/high-intensity conditioning (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.5-1.7) were at similar risk of reporting post-BMT live birth as no TBI/low-intensity conditioning. Comparison with biologic siblings: Using conditional logistic regression, we found that BMT survivors were more likely to report no live birth (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.3) compared with siblings. These findings could inform conditioning intensity options for patients wishing to preserve fertility post-BMT.
Extracellular HMGB1 interacts with RAGE and promotes chemoresistance in acute leukemia cells
Authors: Lai Weixin , Li Xinyu , Kong Qian , Chen Han , Li Yunyao , Xu Lu-Hong , Fang Jianpei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Nowadays, acute leukemia (AL) among children has favorable outcome, yet some of them get refractory or relapse mainly due to drug resistance. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been proven to have a important role in drug resistance via upregulation of autophagy after chemotherapy treatment in acute leukemia. However, the mechanism how extracellular HMGB1 acts on AL cells and leads to chemoresistance remains elusive.

Method
CCK8 was used to examine the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drug. Elisa was performed to detect the release of HMGB1. Western blot and mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenoviral particles as well as transmission electron microscopy were used to detect the autophagy flux. Western blot and flow cytometry were applied to evaluate the apoptosis. qPCR and western blot were conducted to detect the expression of drug efflux protein. Lentivirus infection was applied to knock down RAGE. In addition, T-ALL NOD/SCID mice xenograft model was used to observe the effect of inhibiting HMGB1/RAGE axis.

Results
We found that extracellular HMGB1 do upregulate autophagy and in the meantime downregulate apoptosis, primarily through interaction with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Suppression of RAGE by RNA interference alleviated the level of autophagy and enhanced apoptosis. What’s more, HMGB1/RAGE induced autophagy was associated with the activation of ERK1/2 and decreased phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), while HMGB1/RAGE limited apoptosis in a Bcl-2-regulated way mediated by P53. On the other hand, we found that HMGB1/RAGE activated the NF-κB pathway and promoted the expression of P-glycation protein (P-gp) as well as multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), both are ATP-binding cassette transporters. In vivo experiment, we found that blocking HMGB1/RAGE axis do have a mild pathological condition and a better survival in T-ALL mice.

Conclusion
HMGB1/RAGE have a important role in drug resistance after chemotherapy treatment, mainly by regulating autophagy and apoptosis as well as promoting the expression of drug efflux protein such as P-gp and MRP. HMGB1/RAGE might be a promising target to cure AL, especially for those met with relapse and refractory.
Measles in conflict-affected northern Syria: results from an ongoing outbreak surveillance program
Authors: Mehtar Sammy , AlMhawish Naser , Shobak Kasim , Reingold Art , Guha-Sapir Debarati , Haar Rohini J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The Syrian conflict has dramatically changed the public health landscape of Syria since its onset in March of 2011. Depleted resources, fractured health systems, and increased security risks have disrupted many routine services, including vaccinations, across several regions in Syria. Improving our understanding of infectious disease transmission in conflict-affected communities is imperative, particularly in the Syrian conflict. We utilize surveillance data from the Early Warning Alert and Response Network (EWARN) database managed by the Assistance Coordination Unit (ACU) to explore trends in the incidence of measles in conflict-affected northern Syria and analyze two consecutive epidemics in 2017 and 2018.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective time-series analysis of the incidence of clinically suspected cases of measles using EWARN data between January 2015 and June 2019. We compared regional and temporal trends to assess differences between geographic areas and across time.

Results
Between January 2015 and June 2019, there were 30,241 clinically suspected cases of measles reported, compared to 3193 cases reported across the whole country in the decade leading up to the conflict. There were 960 regional events that met the measles outbreak threshold and significant differences in the medians of measles incidence across all years (p-value < 0.001) and in each pairwise comparison of years as well as across all geographic regions (p-value < 0.001). Although most governorates faced an elevated burden of cases in every year of the study, the measles epidemics of 2017 and 2018 in the governorates of Ar-Raqqa, Deir-Ez-Zor, and Idlib accounted for over 71% of the total suspected cases over the entire study period.

Conclusions
The 2017 and 2018 measles epidemics were the largest since Syria eliminated the disease in 1999. The regions most affected by these outbreaks were areas of intense conflict and displacement between 2014 and 2018, including districts in Ar-Raqqa, Deir-Ez-Zor, and Idlib. The spread of measles in northern Syria serves as an indicator of low immunization coverage and limited access to care and highlights the Syrian peoples’ vulnerability to infectious diseases and vaccine preventable diseases in the setting of the current conflict.
An accessible, efficient and global approach for the large-scale sequencing of bacterial genomes
Authors: Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Heavens Darren , Pulford Caisey V. , Predeus Alexander V. , Low Ross , Webster Hermione , Dykes Gregory F. , Schudoma Christian , Rowe Will , Lipscombe James , Watkins Chris , Kumwenda Benjamin , Shearer Neil , Costigan Karl , Baker Kate S. , Feasey Nicholas A. , Hinton Jay C. D. , Hall Neil ,   The 10KSG consortium, Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Heavens Darren , Pulford Caisey V. , Acuña María Teresa , Antic Dragan , Antonio Martin , Baker Kate S. , Bernal Johan , Bolaños Hilda , Chattaway Marie , Cheesbrough John , Chirambo Angeziwa , Costigan Karl , Darboe Saffiatou , Díaz Paula , Donado Pilar , Duarte Carolina , Duarte Francisco , Everett Dean , Fanning Séamus , Feasey Nicholas A. , Feglo Patrick , Ferreira Adriano M. , Floyd Rachel , Gavilán Ronnie G. , Gordon Melita A. , Hall Neil , Hernandes Rodrigo T. , Hernández-Mora Gabriela , Hinton Jay C. D. , Hurley Daniel , Kasumba Irene N. , Kumwenda Benjamin , Kwambana-Adams Brenda , Lipscombe James , Low Ross , Mattar Salim , Montaño Lucy Angeline , Moreira Cristiano Gallina , Moreno Jaime , Muthappa Dechamma Mundanda , Nair Satheesh , Parry Chris M. , Peno Chikondi , Permala-Booth Jasnehta , Petrović Jelena , Predeus Alexander V. , Puente José Luis , Rebrie Getenet , Redway Martha , Rowe Will , Sadatsune Terue , Schudoma Christian , Shearer Neil , Silva Claudia , Smith Anthony M. , Tennant Sharon , Tran-Dien Alicia , Watkins Chris , Webster Hermione , Weill François-Xavier , Wiesner Magdalena , Wilson Catherine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe have developed an efficient and inexpensive pipeline for streamlining large-scale collection and genome sequencing of bacterial isolates. Evaluation of this method involved a worldwide research collaboration focused on the model organism Salmonella enterica, the 10KSG consortium. Following the optimization of a logistics pipeline that involved shipping isolates as thermolysates in ambient conditions, the project assembled a diverse collection of 10,419 isolates from low- and middle-income countries. The genomes were sequenced using the LITE pipeline for library construction, with a total reagent cost of less than USD$10 per genome. Our method can be applied to other large bacterial collections to underpin global collaborations.
Comprehensive analysis of PD-L1 expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and tumor microenvironment in LUAD: differences between Asians and Caucasians
Authors: Bie Fenglong , Tian He , Sun Nan , Zang Ruochuan , Zhang Moyan , Song Peng , Liu Lei , Peng Yue , Bai Guangyu , Zhou Bolun , Gao Shugeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds
The characteristics of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-L1) expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and tumor microenvironment (TME) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients are closely related to immunotherapy, and there are differences between Asians and Caucasians.

Methods
Acquire the transcriptome data of the Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese LUAD patients. R software was used to analyze the differential expression of genes, prognosis, and gene function. Use CIBERSORT for TIL-related analysis and ESTIMATE for TME-related analysis.

Results
The expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues of Caucasian LUAD patients was lower than that in normal tissues, while there was no significant difference in Asians. There was no statistical difference between PD-L1 expression and prognosis. The composition of TILs between Caucasian and Asian LUAD patients was quite different. There was no correlation between TILs and prognosis in Caucasians. However, the higher content of resting mast cells indicated a better prognosis in Asians. The Caucasian patients with higher immune and estimate scores had a better prognosis (p = 0.021, p = 0.025). However, the Asian patients with a higher estimate score had a worse prognosis (p = 0.024). The high expression of COL5A2 (p = 0.046, p = 0.027) and NOX4 (p = 0.020, p = 0.019) were both associated with the poor prognosis in Caucasians and Asians.

Conclusion
There are many differences in the characteristics of PD-L1 expression, TILs, and TME between Caucasian and Asian LUAD patients. This provides a certain hint for the selection of specific immunotherapy strategies separately for Caucasian and Asian LUAD patients.
Confirmed complete response to nivolumab for advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination: a case report
Authors: Takami Tomoya , Yasuda Koji , Uozumi Nozomi , Musiake Yutaka , Shintani Hiroshi , Kataoka Naoki , Yamaguchi Tomoyuki , Makimoto Shinichiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have been remarkable, with many reports on the clinical effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Nivolumab has been covered by the national health insurance in Japan as a third-line agent for advanced and recurrent gastric cancer since September 2017. The objective response rate for nivolumab for gastric cancer is 11.2%. However, patients’ quality of life during this treatment has not been examined. Here, we report a case in which multidisciplinary treatment, including with nivolumab, resulted in long-term survival and improved quality of life.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old Asian woman was referred for surgery for gastric cancer. Postoperative pathological examination revealed peritoneal dissemination, and the patient was diagnosed with stage IV gastric cancer. Therefore, she was treated with S-1 and cisplatin based on negative immunohistochemical staining of resected specimens for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. However, owing to instability and adverse events, treatment was subsequently changed to S-1 monotherapy. Two years after changing to S-1 monotherapy, she developed recurrence of peritoneal dissemination and was treated with docetaxel. Radiation therapy was also used because the recurrent lesions were local. However, 6 months later, new peritoneal dissemination and lymph node metastasis were observed and nivolumab was started. Subsequent abdominal computed tomography revealed a marked reduction in the disseminated nodules and lymphadenopathy. After 54 cycles of nivolumab, the lesions had disappeared completely. The patient has not developed side effects, including immune-responsive adverse events, has improved quality of life, and is returning to work. She is currently taking nivolumab, and there is no evidence of recurrence approximately 3 years after starting nivolumab.

Conclusions
Nivolumab may have beneficial effects in some patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Although the prognosis for gastric cancer and peritoneal dissemination is poor, multidisciplinary treatment that includes nivolumab may lead to long-term survival.
Feminizing adrenocortical adenoma in a girl from a resource-limited setting: a case report
Authors: Elnaw Eman Abdalla Ali , Ibrahim Areej Ahmed Bashier , Abdullah Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
An adrenocortical tumor is a rare tumor in pediatrics, which can be functional or nonfunctional. Functional tumors present with virilization, feminization, or hypercortisolism. Feminizing adrenal tumors, though rare in pediatrics, need to be excluded in any child presenting with features of feminization.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 4-year-old Sudanese girl who presented with gradually progressive bilateral breast enlargement and accelerated growth since the age of 6 months. The family had sought medical advice several times in numerous health facilities without much gain. Investigations showed pubertal luteinizing hormone levels, high estradiol E2, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, with normal early morning cortisol level. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a right-sided hypoechoic suprarenal mass. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed a right adrenal mass. The diagnosis of feminizing adrenal neoplasm was confirmed and right adrenalectomy was done. Histopathological examination of the resected adrenal gland showed adrenocortical adenoma. The patient was started on gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist for secondary central precocious puberty.

Conclusion
Adrenocortical tumors, though rare in pediatrics, are a documented cause of precocious puberty; biochemical and imaging screening protocol should be adopted for patients with precocious puberty, even in a resource-limited setting, for early detection and treatment.
Precise spectrophotometric method for semitransparent metallic thin-film index determination using interference enhancement
Authors: Shurvinton Riley , Lemarchand Fabien , Moreau Antonin , Lumeau Julien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA precise spectrophotometric method to determine the refractive index of a semitransparent metallic thin film is presented. This method relies on interference enhancement of the measured spectra, employing an opaque substrate with a dielectric spacer layer beneath the absorbing layer of interest to create interference fringes.The resulting spectral oscillations of the stack are highly sensitive to the properties of the top absorbing layer, allowing precise determination of the refractive index via fitting. The performance of this method is verified using simulations in comparison to the typical method of depositing the absorbing thin film directly onto a transparent substrate. An experimental demonstration is made for titanium thin films over the visible range (370-835 nm). The refractive index of these films is extracted from experimental data using a combination of the Modified Drude and Forouhi-Bloomer models. This method showed high repeatability and precision, and is verified for Ti films between 6-70 nm thickness.
Hepatic GIST metastases: an illustrative case series
Authors: Hui Cathryn , Sum Reuben 
Published: December 2021

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are uncommon mesenchymal tumours affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The liver is one of the most common sites for metastatic disease from GISTs and may exhibit a variety of CT and MR imaging appearances. These imaging features can vary prior to and following treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We report on the spectrum of imaging appearances of hepatic GIST metastases on multiphase contrast CT imaging and hepatocyte-specific contrast enhanced MR. To our knowledge, there are no published series specifically focusing on the appearances of liver metastases from GISTs. An awareness of the protean appearances and pitfalls on CT and MRI of hepatic GIST metastases, prior to and at different times along the treatment pathway, will assist in early diagnosis of liver metastases, accurate assessment of tumour response and detection of recurrent metastatic disease.
The effect of a seven-step rehabilitation training program on cardiac function and quality of life after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Peng Xuemei , Zhang Jianhui , Wan Lihong , Wang Hui , Zhang Wuning 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To study the effect of a seven-step rehabilitation training program on cardiac function and quality of life in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods: In this study one hundred AMI patients undergoing emergency PCI at The First Hospital of Fangshan District between June 2019 and June 2020 were included. Patients were retrospectively divided into two equal groups based on the type of physiotherapy regiment. The training group included patients who underwent seven-step rehabilitation training while the control group had patients who received routine nursing. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), self-care capability, hospitalization duration, quality of life, and adverse cardiac event incidence were compared.
Results: The number of patients with LVEF values ≥ 50% was significantly higher in the training group after one week of training. Training group patients also showed decreased hospitalization duration and larger improvement in self-care capacity scores. At three months after training, training group patients had overall superior quality of life and lower incidence rates of arrhythmia and angina pectoris.
Conclusion: The seven-step rehabilitation training program has a significant effect on improving AMI patient quality of life and cardiac function post-PCI, and is worthy of continued study and promotion.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4945
How to cite this:Peng X, Zhang J, Wan L, Wang H, Zhang W. The effect of a seven-step rehabilitation training program on cardiac function and quality of life after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(1):123-127. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4945
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Estimating the duration of seropositivity of human seasonal coronaviruses using seroprevalence studies
Authors: Rees Eleanor M. , Waterlow Naomi R. ,   Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Working Group, Lowe Rachel , Kucharski Adam J. 
Published: December 2021

Background: The duration of immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still uncertain, but it is of key clinical and epidemiological importance. Seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV) have been circulating for longer and, therefore, may offer insights into the long-term dynamics of reinfection for such viruses. Methods: Combining historical seroprevalence data from five studies covering the four circulating HCoVs with an age-structured reverse catalytic model, we estimated the likely duration of seropositivity following seroconversion. Results: We estimated that antibody persistence lasted between 0.9 (95% Credible interval: 0.6 - 1.6) and 3.8 (95% CrI: 2.0 - 7.4) years. Furthermore, we found the force of infection in older children and adults (those over 8.5 [95% CrI: 7.5 - 9.9] years) to be higher compared with young children in the majority of studies. Conclusions: These estimates of endemic HCoV dynamics could provide an indication of the future long-term infection and reinfection patterns of SARS-CoV-2.
„Czarny Poniedziałek” i „Łańcuch światła”: o infrapolitycznych formach oporu społecznego w Polsce
Authors: Dohnal W 
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest antropologiczna analiza wydarzeń, które miały miejsce w Polsce w 2016 i 2017 roku. Były to masowe protesty obywatelski przeciwko polityce rządu. Inaczej niż w większości opracowań socjologicznych i politologicznych, autor proponuje interpretować je w kategorii działań infrapolitycznych. W tym celu odwołuje się pojęcia ‘infrapolityka’, zaproponowanegoniegdyś przez Jamesa Scotta, i przygląda się temu, czy i na ile można ją wykorzystać do interpretacji opisywanych wydarzeń.
„Kosmopolityczne więzi koleżeńskie” i doświadczenie transnarodowości w świecie muzyki klasycznej. Przypadek artystów japońskich
Authors: Kowalczyk Beata Maria 
Published: December 2021

W globalnym podziale pracy twórczej muzycy japońscy doświadczają nierówności implikowanych przez przynależność etniczno-rasową, wynikającą z przekonania, że zdolność uprawiania autentycznej muzyki klasycznej jest poniekąd genetycznie uwarunkowana. Zgodnie z urasowionym dyskursem zakorzenione w „kulturze zachodniej” klasyczne kompozycje mogą być poprawnie zinterpretowane jedynie przez wykonawców urodzonych i wychowanych w Europie. W literaturze dotyczącej transnarodowości i migracji brakuje studiów analizujących uwarunkowania międzynarodowej mobilności w zawodach artystycznych. Temat mobilności artystycznej napędzanej strukturami nierówności etniczno-rasowych strukturyzujących sektor muzyki klasycznej nie został także podjęty przez badaczy przemysłów kreatywnych/kulturalnych. Celem tego artykułu jest wypełnienie tej luki. Opierając się na bogatym materiale empirycznym zebranym w trzech lokalizacjach: w Paryżu, Warszawie i Tokio, artykuł ten analizuje doświadczenia zawodowej mobilności wśród japońskich muzyków klasycznych funkcjonujących pomiędzy rodzimymi i europejskimi środowiskami muzycznymi. Analiza koncentruje się z jednej strony na elementach, które napędzają transnarodową mobilność i jednocześnie ją ograniczają. Z drugiej strony pokażę, w jaki sposób japońscy muzycy klasyczni, budując kosmopolityczne więzi koleżeńskie, pokonują bariery związane z rynkiem pracy i restrykcyjnymi politykami migracyjnymi, aby móc kontynuować swoje transnarodowe przedsięwzięcia artystyczne.