bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Iron Consumption Estimates Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Assefa Nega , Abdullahi Yasir Younis , Abraham Aklilu , Hemler Elena C , Madzorera Isabel , Dessie Yadeta , Roba Kedir Teji , Fawzi Wafaie W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Dietary iron inadequacy is a public health concern in developing countries. Women of reproductive age (WRA) are the most at risk for this micronutrient deficiency due to biological, socio-cultural, and dietary factors. This analysis aimed to assess estimated dietary intakes of iron (including heme and non-heme) and estimate bioavailability of dietary iron intake in Ethiopian women of reproductive age in Kersa district, Eastern Ethiopia. A total of 1140 randomly selected women from households in Kersa participated in this study. We used a non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess total dietary iron consumption in WRA. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using modified Poisson regression to evaluate factors for inadequate dietary iron intake. The median usual iron consumption was 24.7 mg/d and 41.8 % of WRA were at risk for iron inadequacy. The following factors were associated with a greater likelihood for the risk of iron inadequacy: seasonal (APR 1.56; 95% CI 1.36-1.80) and part-time (APR 1.75; 95% CI 1.45-2.12) agricultural employment, market food source (APR 1.30; 95% CI 1.14-1.49), old age (APR 1.29; 95% CI 1.05-1.60) and low women’s dietary diversity (APR 2.34; 95% CI 1.88-2.91). Two-fifths of women had an inadequate dietary iron intake. Improving dietary diversity and food security, fortifying staple foods that have low iron bioavailability, and increasing animal-based foods and fruit consumption with meals would help to decrease the burden of iron dietary inadequacy and deficiency in WRA.
Circular RNA Hsa_Circ_0007444 Inhibits Tumor Progression Through MiR-23a-3p/DICER1 in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhang Min , Sun Yu , Xu Hanzi , Shi Yaqian , Shen Rong , Teng Fang , Xu Juan , Jia Xuemei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs are a class of non-coding regulatory RNAs reported to be involved in cancer development and progression. Previous studies, including our own, have indicated that hsa_circ_0007444 was downregulated in ovarian cancer (OC) tissues. Herein, we demonstrated another mechanism of hsa_circ_0007444 in ovarian cancer.Methods: The expression of hsa_circ_0007444, miR-23a-3p, and DICER1 were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were examined by cell counting kit 8, transwell, and flow cytometry assays. The roles of hsa_circ_0007444 in tumor growth and metastasis were assessed in vivo using a nude mouse xenograft model. The bioinformatics tools were employed to predict the binding sites, which were then verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. DICER1 protein level was measured by western blot. Results: Hsa_circ_0007444 was downregulated in ovarian cancer cell lines compared with normal ovarian epithelial cell lines. Also, gain- and loss-of-function results indicated that hsa_circ_0007444 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration, increased cell apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and impaired tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Additionally, the results of the bioinformatics analysis, RIP, dual-luciferase reporter, and rescue assays confirmed that hsa_circ_0007444 could interact with AGO2 and sponge miR-23a-3p, thereby upregulating DICER1 expression, which was an important tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer.Conclusion: We found that overexpressed hsa_circ_0007444 could inhibit ovarian cancer progression through the hsa_circ_0007444/miR-23a-3p/DICER1 axis.
Effects of Dynamic Bedroom Lighting On Measures of Sleep and Circadian Rest-Activity Rhythm in Inpatients With Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Markus Canazei , Johannes Weninger , Wilfried Pohl , Josef Marksteiner , Elisabeth Weiss 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Bright light therapy is an effective treatment option for seasonal and non-seasonal affective disorders. However up to now, no study has investigated effects of dynamic bedroom lighting in hospitalized patients with major depression. A bedroom lighting system, which automatically delivered artificial dawn and dusk and blue-depleted nighttime lighting (DD-N lighting) was installed in a psychiatric ward. Patients with moderate to severe depression were randomly assigned to stay in bedrooms with the new lighting or standard lighting system. Patients wore wrist actimeters during the first two treatment weeks. Additionally, hospitalization duration and daily psychotropic medication were retrieved from patients’ medical charts. Data from thirty patients were analyzed. Patients under DD-N lighting generally woke up earlier (+20 minutes), slept longer (week 1: +11 min; week 2: +27 min) and showed higher sleep efficiency (+2.4%) and shorter periods of nighttime awakenings (-15 minutes). In the second treatment week, patients started sleep and the most active 10-hour period earlier (-33 min and -64 min, respectively). This pilot study gives first evidence that depressed patients’ sleep and circadian rest/activity system may benefit from adjunctive bedroom lighting when starting inpatient treatment.
Coping strategies adopted by post graduate trainee in dealing with work related stress: (A mixed method study)
Authors: Manzoor Shamaila , Sajjad Madiha , Anwar Idrees , Rafi Aisha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Back Ground: During residency period, doctors all around the globe, experiences stressful working environment and prolonged working hours. These factors leads to lack of concentration, distress and higher level of fatigue; however, residents counter the effects of these extensive, high demanding duty hours by various coping strategies. Although the effects of extended duty hours and various coping strategies used by the doctors have been studied at large. Yet, the difference between the effects & coping styles of trainees of various high demanding specialties’ have not been studied. Therefore, this study was carried out to identify and explore the difference in coping strategies for dealing with stress, adopted by post graduate trainees in surgical and non-surgical specialties. Methods: Mixed method approach, with explanatory sequential design was opted for this study. In phase one (quantitative) data was collected by a web based survey; carried out in five teaching hospitals of Rawalpindi & Muzaffarabad in 2020. Data was analysed on SPSS, frequencies and major trends were recorded. An open ended questionnaire was developed on the basis of phase 1 results. In phase two (qualitative), six focus group discussions were carried out with 24 participants to explore the various coping strategies adopted in different situations among the post graduate trainees working in different specialties. Later on, verbatim transcription was done & data analysed manually. Results: Out of 250 (100%) possible participants, 146 (58%) participant responded on-line survey. Where, residents of surgical discipline has a higher response rate (60%, n=87) than non-surgical. Moreover, female participation (54%, n=79) was greater than males (46%, n= 67). Mann-Whitney U test was statistically significant only for seeking medical advice to cope with stress (P= .029). In focus group discussions, female involvement was more (58% n=14) as compare to males (42% n=10). Following themes were developed after data analysis, that is; self-regulation, tailor made strategies, educational focus and support system. Conclusion: Quantitatively, no significant difference was found between the coping strategies of post graduate trainees of surgical & non-surgical trainee, against work related stress. However, minor differences were obtained qualitatively.
The Importance of pH Adjustment for Preventing Fibrin Glue Dissolution in the Stomach: an in Vitro Study
Authors: Takegawa Yoshitaka , Takao Toshitatsu , Sakaguchi Hiroya , Nakai Tatsuya , Takeo Kazuhiro , Morita Yoshinori , Toyonaga Takashi , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background and study aim: Combined use of fibrin glue and polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets has attracted attention as a preventive measure for complications associated with endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, fibrin glue is a protein that may be dissolved by gastric acid. We evaluated the effect of artificial gastric acid on fibrin clot.Materials and methods: The dissolution time of three layers of fibrin glue with PGA sheets was measured in five groups (pH 1.2, 2.0, 4.0, 5.5, and 6.0 with pepsin). Measurements of three samples per group were made. The mean number of the remaining layers at each measurement point was observed for seven days.Results: The time to complete dissolution of the three layers of fibrin gel in the three samples was 150 minutes at pH 1.2, 5 hours at pH 2.0, 24 hours at pH 4.0, and 2 days and 6 hours at pH 5.5. Conclusion: In order to maintain fibrin glue in the stomach for a long period, there was a need to avoid pepsin activation secondary to acidification of gastric juice. The use of strong antacids is recommended.
Deleterious Oral Habits Related to Vertical, Transverse and Sagittal Dental Malocclusion in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Olivos Lourdes Hilda Gabriela Rodríguez , Chacón-Uscamaita Pamela Roxana , Argote Anthony Quinto , Pumahualcca-Garcia Graciela , Vargas Luis Fernando Pérez 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Mixed dentition is currently the stage with the highest prevalence of malocclusion, therefore, the objective was to determine the relationship of dental malocclusions in the vertical, transverse, sagittal planes with deleterious habits in pediatric patients. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in 155 children aged 6 to 12 years attended at the clinic of the Dentistry School of The National University of San Marcos in 2017. Results: Of the patients evaluated, 45.3% were identified with vertical malocclusion, 52.0% with sagittal malocclusion and 13.6% with transverse malocclusion. The most frequent type of malocclusion in the vertical plane was anterior deep bite (22.2%), in the transverse plane the Bis a Bis Bite (7.1%) and the Anterior Crossbite (6.5%) were less frequent. Finally, in the sagittal plane, Class II division 1 (20%) and Class III (20.7%) are frequent. Among the most common deleterious habits, anteroposition (58.7%) and mixed breathing (51.0%) were observed in contrast to the habit of retroposition, lip sucking and mouth breathing, which were the least frequent. Considering age and sex, children who have an atypical swallowing habits are more likely to have malocclusion in all three planes of space. Conclusions: It is concluded that there is an association between the deleterious habits with the different types of malocclusion in the different planes of the space, being the atypical swallowing a habit that should be diagnosed early and treated interdisciplinary.
The Impact of Triglyceride-Glucose Index On Incident Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Fu Liyao , Tai Shi , Sun Jiaxing , Zhang Ningjie , Zhou Ying , Xing Zhenhua , Wang Yongjun , Zhou Shenghua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies reported the prognostic value of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in the course of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Still, it remains unclear whether baseline and trajectories of TyG index are prospectively associated with incident CV events among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: We performed a secondary analysis in patients with long-lasting T2DM from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of adverse CV events including nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes, and the TyG index was measured at 11 visits. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to observe the association between baseline and trajectories of TyG index and adverse CV outcomes.Results: During a median follow-up period of 8.8 years, 1,815 (17.8%) developed at least one primary endpoint event. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, each 1-SD increase in the TyG index was associated with a 19.00% higher risk of adverse CV events, similar in individuals categorized by TyG index quartiles. Four distinct trajectories of TyG indexes were identified- low (16.17%), moderate (40.01%), high (34.60%), and very high (9.30%). Among these, moderate, high, and very high TyG index trajectories had a greater risk of future incident adverse CV events than low TyG index trajectories after multivariate adjustments for traditional risk factors. Particularly, a similar association was noticed in the TyG index and the occurrence of coronary heart disease.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that both baseline and trajectories of TyG index have a significant association with the occurrence of adverse CV events in patients with T2DM. (Trial registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00000620)
Fluorescent Immunological Paper-based Assay for Exosome detection
Authors: Kasetsirikul Surasak , Shiddiky Muhammad J.A. , Nguyen Nam-Trung 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper reports the development of fluorescent-linked immunosorbent paper-based assay for exosome detection. The paper-based device was fabricated with sandwich lamination for easy handling and was coated with exosome-specific antibody as a biosensing platform to detect exosome sample from the cell culture media. This assay employed fluorescent detection which is followed by tagging fluorophore-conjugated detecting antibody on exosome samples. The fluorescent readout was evaluated and quantified from image processing software. This assay can detect high concentration of exosome samples (~ 1010 exosome/mL). However, this assay has encountered various challenges. First, the exosome concentration prepared from cell culture media from cancer-derived ovarian and mesothelial cell lines may be insufficient to reach detectable range. Second, chemical contamination from exosome isolation kits may affect assay sensitivity. Therefore, assay optimization and minimizing chemical contamination are required which could enhance assay specificity and sensitivity.
A sensitive, accurate, and high-throughput gluco-oligosaccharide oxidase based HRP colorimetric method for lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase activity assay
Authors: Liu Gang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

The AA9 (auxiliary activities) family of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (AA9 LPMOs) are ubiquitous and diverse group of enzymes amongst the fungal kingdom. They catalyze the oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds in lignocellulose and exhibit great potential for secondary biorefinery applications. Screening of AA9 LPMOs for desirable properties is crucial for biorefinery industrial applications. However, robust, high-throughput and direct method for AA9 LPMO activity assay, which is prerequisite for screening of LPMOs with excellent properties, is still lacking. Here, we have described a gluco-oligosaccharide oxidase (GOOX) based horseradish peroxidase (HRP) colorimetric method for AA9 LPMO activity assay.
Results

We cloned and expressed a GOOX gene from Sarocladium strictum in Trichoderma reesei, purified the recombinant SsGOOX, validated its properties, and set up a SsGOOX based HRP colorimetric method for cellobiose concentration assay. Then we expressed two AA9 LPMOs from Thielavia terrestris, TtAA9F and TtAA9G in T. reesei, purified the recombinant proteins, and analyzed their product profiles and regioselectivity towards phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC). TtAA9F was characterized as a C1 type (class 1) LPMO, while TtAA9G was characterized as a C4 type (class 2) LPMO. Finally, the SsGOOX based HRP colorimetric method was used to quantify the total concentration of reducing lytic products from LPMO reaction, and consequently, the activities of both C1 and C4 types of LPMOs were analyzed. These LPMOs could be effectively analyzed with limits of detection (LoDs) lower than 30 nmol/L, and standard curves between A515 and LPMO concentrations with determination coefficients greater than 0.994 were obtained.
Conclusions

A novel, sensitive and accurate assay method that directly targets the main activity of both C1 and C4 type of AA9 LPMOs was established. This method is easy to use and could be performed on a microtiter plate ready for high-throughput screening of AA9 LPMOs with high properties.
EL ROL DEL ASESOR EN UN MODELO DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA
Authors: Martínez Gabriela 
Published: October 2021

La educación a distancia cobra auge en la medida en que brinda oportunidades educativas a quienes no pueden o no desean, por diversas razones, recurrir a un sistema escolarizado presencial.
Esta educación no se limita a ir más allá de condiciones espaciotemporales o personales del alumnado. Se trata de una educación con rasgos precisos y fisonomía particular.
El papel del docente aquí es clave para generar eficientes y motivadores ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje.
Features of monitoring the bispectral index in young children with hydrocephalus
Authors: Pavlysh О.S. , Snisar V.I. 
Published: October 2021

Background. Millions of children with neurological diseases are subjected to general anesthesia every year. The conditions under which surgeries are done in these patients depend on a number of interrelated factors that arise in conditions of neurological deficiency and are often the cause of anesthetic complications. The possibility of using the monitoring of bispectral index in pediatric patients with neurological disorders is of particular interest, specifically in those with hydrocephalus against the background of ventriculomegaly. The purpose was to evaluate of the dynamics of bispectral index monitoring in young children with hydrocephalus during ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Materials and methods. The study included 109 children: 59 with acquired form of hydrocephalus who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting and 50 without neurological disorders who underwent reconstructive surgery. The study had 5 stages: initial, induction into anesthesia, tracheal intubation, traumatic stage of the operation, awakening. Results. Electroencephalographic analysis in children with hydrocephalus showed the homogeneity of the rearrangements of the bioelectric pattern, which reflected the wide and stable involvement in the pathological process of various cerebral systems with dysfunction of mesencephalic-diencephalic formations, including hypothalamic ones, in combination with impaired cortical-subcortical-brainstem interrelations. When analyzing the baseline bispectral index in patients with hydrocephalus, significantly lower values were found compared to neurologically healthy children (89.25 ± 2.52 and 94.80 ± 1.55, respectively). Analysis of changes in the intraoperative bispectral index showed that in the group with hydrocephalus using propofol, during induction upon reaching the first surgical stage of anesthesia according to clinical indications, the bispectral index significantly decreased to 36.00 ± 2.74, which is 30 % less than in children without neurological disorders and 29 % less when using sevoflurane. The groups where propofol was used showed a significant difference in bispectral index between patients with hydrocephalus and neurologically healthy children at all stages of the operation. This indicated that the intraoperative sleep pattern in individuals with hydrocephalus is at abnormal low levels. Conclusions. Hypoperfusion of the medulla, together with impaired cortical-subcortical relationships, affect the value of the bispectral index. The use of propofol in children with hydrocephalus can lead to the development of cerebral ischemia with a decrease in the electrical activity of the brain.
Planning of settlements in timber-producing areas (on the example of the Arkhangelsk region)
Authors: Perekopskaia Marina A. , Alekseev Iurii V. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The Arkhangelsk region is one of the largest domestic timber-processing regions with the most modern production complex. This region has a great raw material potential (the total wood stock is 2,573 million m3) and has a unique position for the export of target products. However, the existing potential in this timber industry area, as in other regions of Russia, is used irrationally. Only 20 % of the harvested wood is processed at the enterprises of the domestic timber industry complex (hereinafter –– TIC), and the rest is exported in unprocessed form. The irrational use of resources is due to a number of reasons, including the peculiarities of the existing territorial and spatial organization of industrial territories and settlements, which does not correspond to the changed technologies of harvesting, transportation and processing of wood, as well as reproduction of forest resources. As a result of this discrepancy and the old ways of explaining it, extensive forest use is carried out, significant disturbed territories are formed, the boundaries of logging activities are constantly shifting, which leads to the removal of forest resource base sites from settlements where the production territories of TIC enterprises are located. All this negatively affects the functioning of these enterprises and, as a result, the viability of settlements whose population participates in the processes of processing and processing of wood. A change in the approach to the territorial and spatial organization of settlements can contribute to solving these problems.
Materials and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of publicly available data, published works of foreign and domestic authors. During the research, the method of system analysis and the methodology of the territorial and spatial organization of settlements in the region were used.
Results. The classification and identification of interconnected settlements of the timber industry district is proposed, based on their role in the planning organization of the district and in the implementation of technological processes of wood processing. The existing production functions of settlements are defined and possible options for their expansion are proposed. On the example of the Arkhangelsk region, a scheme for expanding the production functions of settlements has been prepared. Measures have also been identified to bring the areas of the forest resource base of timber processing enterprises closer to the production territories of settlements, which must be implemented during the territorial and spatial organization of settlements.
Conclusions. In the current socio-economic conditions, there is a need for a planning system that makes it possible to develop a TIC that ensures the relationship of the processes of harvesting, consistent waste-free processing of wood and reproduction of forest resources with the territorial and spatial organization of settlements in the timber industry district.
COLISIÓN Y ARMONIZACIÓN DE PRINCIPIOS HUMANITARIOS
Authors: Sánchez Benjamín 
Published: October 2021

Este artículo explora las formas en que las organizaciones humanitariasdefinen, incorporan y movilizan orientaciones éticas globales en susesquemas comprensivos, marcos normativos, y estrategias de acción.Como caso de estudio se abordan las tensiones en la adopción de principios humanitarios por parte de las organizaciones que conforman la Red deAyuda Humanitaria Chilena. Se identifican tres fórmulas generales dearmonización: sincretismo normativo, interpretación minimalista dela independencia financiera, y adopción de los principios en estructurasperiféricas y equivalentes operativos. Por último, se plantea que adheriral principio de neutralidad presenta ventajas y desventajas para el sistemahumanitario, por lo que la armonización del régimen humanitario es tannecesaria como su dispersión normativa.