bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global variants of COVID-19: Current understanding
Authors: Roy B , Dhillon JK , Habib N , Pugazhandhi B 
Published: July 2021

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that undergoes mutation producing a variety of strains. Mutagens include UV radiation, metals, and endogenous components of organisms. Each strain is specific in terms of virulence, immune response in the body and efficacy of the vaccines.
Conclusion: Researchers need to gather data and collaborate with global organizations to learn about the newly evolving strains. Information about the mutations and variants are inevitable in understanding virus transmission and developing vaccines to end the COVID-19 pandemic.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice on COVID-19 among undergraduate students of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal: An online cross-sectional survey
Authors: Pandey KR , Panday DR , Pyakurel P , Marahatta S , Rimal SP , Dali M , Gyawali R , Sigdel Rambha , Bhattarai N , Limbu N , Rauniar GP 
Published: July 2021

Background: COVID-19, a global health crisis of the 21st century, has threatened possibly every aspect of human life. Since the pandemic is not yet over, this study was carried out among undergraduate students of a medical institute in Nepal to assess and boost their KAP status on the disease.
Material and methods: It was an online cross-sectional census survey performed among consenting undergraduate healthcare students of BPKIHS. A self-made and validated questionnaire assessing KAP on COVID-19 was prepared in Google form and distributed online among target students. The study population was 745. Both descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was performed. Student’s T-Test and one-way ANOVA were applied for which level of statistical significance was kept at p<0.05.
Results: Ninety-six students participated in a pilot-study (Cronbach α= 0.792). The response rate was 76.27%. Most participants (76.76%) were from Nepal. The male/female ratio was 0.76. Most (59.2%) had not participated in such studies before. For 93.54%, the source of information was the internet. Assessed by questionnaire, right Knowledge (n=16) was 85.06% ± 8.81%; right Attitude (n=6) was 65.00% ± 16.16 and right Practice (n=6) was 82.88%± 8.50%. Male were more knowledgeable about the disease (p=0.011). However, females secured higher in practical aspects (p=0.000). Indian students possessed better knowledge (p=0.005) and a better attitude (p=0.033). MBBS students had better knowledge (p=0.000), but Nursing students secured higher in Practice (p=0.012). Attitude is better in the earlier years (p=0.045).
Conclusion: We assessed KAP related to COVID-19 via score among healthcare undergraduate students. Different co-factors do impact students’ overall KAP status.
An insight of medical student’s preference and opinions to Pharmacology textbooks
Authors: Banerjee I , Robinson J , Annavarapu A , Gupta RK 
Published: July 2021

Background: Various medical subjects pose a daunting task to students. Chief amongst which the subject’s students grapple with is pharmacology. The study’s primary objective was to find out the second professional medical student’s preferences, feedback, and attitude towards pharmacology textbooks at SSR Medical College, Mauritius.
Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based observational survey was conducted from May 2018- June 2018 at Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Medical College, Mauritius. A Chi-square test was performed to find out correlations between variables. p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: A total of 192 medical students participated in the study out of 210 students, giving an overall response rate of 91.42%. 103 (35.6%) students chosen Essentials of Medical Pharmacology- K.D. Tripathi as a first preference, followed by 59 (30.7%) students selected Pharmacology for Medical Students- Tara V Shanbhag and Smita Shenoy as a second preference, and 22 (11.5%) chosen Medical Pharmacology- Padmaja Udaykumar as a third preference.
Conclusion: The textbook Essentials of Medical Pharmacology by K.D. Tripathi is the most popular and most preferred textbook, closely seconded by Pharmacology for Medical Students by Tara V Shanbhag and Smita Shenoy and followed by Medical Pharmacology by Padmaja Udaykumar, the third in the list of the most preferred textbook. The shortcomings of textbooks, such as the innate lack of the ability to cultivate interest in common diseases which are prevalent in the home country of the students, as well as the lack to inspire students to do further reading into research articles and studies, clearly showcases the disconnect that exists between publishers, authors and users.
Statistical analysis of maximum runoff of the Southern Buh River using the method of ‘Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration’
Authors: Gorbachova L. O. , Prykhodkina V. S. , Khrystiuk B. F. , Zabolotnia T. O. , Rozlach V. O. 
Published: July 2021

Knowledge of maximum river runoff trends is of great practical importance, especially for design and operation of hydraulic structures. This article presents the results of the research of the Southern Buh River's maximum runoff. The water of the river is widely used for hydropower engineering, industrial and municipal water supply, agriculture, irrigation, shipping, tourism etc.
The research of the maximum runoff was based on the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) method which is widely used in the whole world. This method enables calculation of quantitative statistical characteristics of rivers', lakes', reservoirs' runoff and determination of the degree of their hydrological regime changes. The IHA is used for water bodies having natural or regulated runoff. However, the IHA method was not widely used in Ukraine before.
The purpose of this publication is using the Indicators of Hydrologic Alterations method in order to study the characteristics of maximum runoff and their changes along the Southern Buh River.
The research was carried out based on the data of observations at 5 gauge stations located along the Southern Buh River. The research uses the mean daily discharges that has been recorded since the beginning of observations up to 2018 and 2019 inclusive. The river's runoff at each of gauge stations was divided into five components: "Extremely low runoff", "Low runoff", "High runoff pulses", "Small floods", "Large floods". This made it possible to separate three classes of high (maximum) runoff, for which the IHA statistics were calculated, from the total runoff.
It was discovered that the long-term high runoff changes differed in each of its three components, although they had general trends. The most significant changes were found for large floods, with no significant changes found for high runoff pulses. General trends of high runoff showed that over time the values of maximum discharges tend to decrease, with the increasing duration of high runoff periods.
The values of the main statistical indicators of high runoff gradually increase from the river's source to its mouth, which fully corresponds to the physical and geographical conditions of its formation. Nevertheless, some features of high runoff were still found. Thus small floods and high runoff pulses have the largest duration in the upper reach of the river.
On average, the Southern Buh River experiences large floods once in every 10 years, small floods - once in every 2 years, high runoff pulses - 4-8 times a year in its upper reach and 9-14 times a year in its middle reach.
Evaluation of sedimentation role of DREISSENA molluscs' population in the process of water quality control in Kakhovka Main Channel (Kherson Region)
Authors: Lukashov D. V. , Khokhlova L. K. 
Published: July 2021

Ukraine has a unique natural resources potential and is one of the world's richest agricultural countries in terms of soil composition and land bioproductivity. More than 2/5 of its agricultural land is located within the steppe zone – a zone of unstable and insufficient humidification. The production of agricultural products under arid conditions largely depends on solving the problem of agricultural land artificial irrigation. Due to this, since the 1960s large-scale construction of amelioration facilities took place in Southern Ukraine, including construction of the Kakhovka Reservoir and the Kakhovka Irrigation System, the largest one in Europe. The quality of water intended for irrigation depends on a water source and internal physicochemical/biological processes observed in the amelioration system. The attached bivalve molluscs present an important biotic component of hydrotechnical amelioration systems. They form dense settlements on solid artificial substrates and are usually considered as a source of biological barriers that should be constantly fought against. However, their filtration and sedimentation role can exert influence on the processes of water self-purification. The study aims at evaluating the role of filtering molluscs fouling process when it comes to treatment of irrigation water from suspensions and removal of some heavy metals from the water column. The research is based on the results of field analysis of deposits sedimentation processes in the water column with the help of sedimentation traps at 5 stations along Kakhovka Main Channel. It was found that the total biomass of settlements of attached bivalve molluscs Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis that are present in the channel constitutes about 370 – 463 tons and they contribute to precipitation of 11.6 – 27.5 tons of suspended matter to the bottom sediments during summer months. This process is manifested in a decrease of suspended matter concentration in the water along the channel. Together with suspended matter 1.8 – 3.9 kg of Cr, 0.3 – 0.6 kg of Ni, 0.09 – 0.24 kg of Co, 0.08 – 0.18 kg of Pb, 0.088 – 0,144 kg of Cd also join the bottom sediments every month. Thus, the settlements of molluscs attached to the hydraulic structures can be considered as biological amelioration agents contributing to the improvement of irrigation water quality.
Role of green spaces for migration and setting of heavy metals (as illustrated by Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, Kyiv)
Authors: Tesolkina T. S. , Lukashov D. V. 
Published: July 2021

Air pollution by heavy metals in the urbanized surroundings presents a serious threat to human health and the environment. Road dust is distinguished as a high-level pollutant and characterized by a significant content of heavy metals. Green spaces play a leading role when it comes to improving the quality of atmospheric air in megalopolises. They trap pollutants. Most of them settle on the surfaces of plant leaves, but some can be also absorbed through the stomata. As a result of these processes, pollutants, along with fallen leaves, can later migrate to other components of the ecosystem. An important component of this system is forest litter that plays a kind of trigger role by regulating the directions of substance flows in the “leaves-litter-soil” system, keeping chemical elements from leaching out and evenly distributing their inflows. Thus, forest litter functions as a sort of biogeochemical barrier and plays a leading role in the ability of ecosystems to self-regulate.
Thus, the purpose of this work was to assess the role of green spaces in improving the quality of atmospheric air in the urban surroundings and to conduct a preliminary assessment of the features of the processes of heavy metals transformation within the forest litter. The model site of research is located within the territory of Holosiivskyi forest, a part of the Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Kyiv). The content of heavy metals in the forest litter was determined using the methods of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results of the study of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn content annual dynamics within the forest litter of the hornbeam forest of the Holosiivskyi National Nature Park show that the maximum concentrations are typical for the summer period, when the litter reserves sharply decrease, and the minimum ones – for the autumn-winter period during their accumulation. Comparison of the distribution of heavy metals content within the leaf and fermented layers showed that, under the conditions of the model area, Zn, Cu, and Ni are predominantly accumulated right in the leaf layer of the forest litter. Moreover, it was revealed that the processes of leaf litter mineralization lead to migration of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr, and setting of Zn.
ARSIP DIGITAL DI KECAMATAN RUMBAI PESISIR
Authors: Muchtar Yuhelmi , Walhidayat  , Rismayeti  
Published: July 2021

Pengabdian ini dilakukan atas dasar bahwa penulis tergerak setelah melakukan survey ke Kantor Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir, Penulis melihat masih belum terkelolanya arsip dengan baik dan juga sistem pengarsipan yang belum sesuai dengan standar. Dalam praktik pengelolaan arsip berbasis kertas, banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi, sehingga memberikan ruang pada media elektronik sebagai alternatif dalam pengelolaan arsip. Dalam terminologi kearsipan, media elektronik dikelompokan sebagai arsip media baru. Salah satu bentuk penyimpanan arsip media baru adalah media digital. Media digital biasanya memerlukan alat bantu berupa komputer, karena tidak dapat dibaca secara langsung. Arsip yang disimpan dalam bentuk digital dapat berupa gambar, suara, video, tulisan atau lainnya yang dapat dijadikan sebuah data dalam bentuk biner (binary), dapat diolah dalam program komputer dan disimpan dalam media penyimpanan data digital. Mudah-mudahan dengan adanya pengabdian ini akan menambah ketrampilan mereka dalam hal mendigitalisasikan Arsip dan penggelolaan Arsip dan sistem pengarsipan yang baik sehingga dapat meningkatkan pelayanan Publik. Pengabdian ini akan dilaksanakan untuk Staff di Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir. Untuk mencapai target luaran kegiatan ini, maka metode yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan kepada mitra. Pelatihan yang diberikan adalah teknik tata cara mendigitalkan Arsip, pengelolaan dan pemberian motivasi untuk bisa memengelola Arsip dengan baik. Rancangan PKM : (1) Sebelum diberikan materi pelatihan peserta diberikan selembar kuesioner untuk melihat kemampuan dan pengetahuan peserta tentang Arsip Digital setelah itu peserta diajak untuk memahami pentingnya pelatihan ini sebagai bekal dalam meningkatkan ketrampilan dan (2) peserta diajak untuk praktik dengan dipandu oleh seorang instruktur yang sudah berpengalaman. (3) Pada tahap terakhir, setelah peserta memiliki ketrampilan dalam mendigitalkan Arsip dan mengelola kearsipan serta bagaimana tata cara penyusunan arsip difilling Kabinet selanjutnya mereka diberikan selembar kuesioner, dari hasil olahan kuesioner dapat dilihat bahwa kemampuan staf meningkat secara signifikan sebesar 64,62%, kemudian dari jumlah peserta yang ditargetkan 10 orang ternyata yang ikut 13 orang, ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan ini memang sangat diperlukan staf dalam pekerjaan sehari hari.
Arsip Digital, Sistem, Manajemen, Arsip, Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir
PEMANFAATAN INTERNET PADA SMARTPHONE DALAM MENDUKUNG KEGIATAN BISNIS ONLINE DI LINGKUNGAN ARISAN RT
Authors: Hafi Hafsah  , Zulafwan  , Willyansah  
Published: July 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan dan ditulisakan dalam artikel ini terkait dengan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi melalui penggunaan internet pada smartphone oleh ibu-ibu anggota arisan di lingkungan Rukun Tetangga 01, Perumahan Delima Puri. Pekanbaru, Riau. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui seminar dengan menyampaikan materi terkait pemanfaatan internet dalam mendukung jual beli online dan sekaligus untuk mengenalkan istilah umum bahasa inggris pada jual beli online. Tulisan ini bersifat deskriftif yang dimaksudkan untuk memperoleh informasi pemahaman dan permasalahan ibu –ibu anggota arisan terkait materi yang diangkat dalam seminar. Pada era modern saat ini, teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan dan mengembangkan perekonomian masyarakat, khususnya dengan pemberdayaan perempuan yaitu dalam hal ini ibu-ibu anggota arisan. Kegiatan ini juga dimaksudkan untuk berbagi ilmu tentang pemanfaatan internet melalui pemanfaatan smartphone guna mendukung kegiatan usaha online dan mengenalkan istilah-istilah Bahasa Inggris yang umum digunakan dalam hal jual beli online melalui internet. Selain hal tersebut di atas, seminar ini dapat mengisi kegiatan arisan ibu-ibu RT disamping kegiatan pertemuan rutin yang mereka lakukan, yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mereka dalam hal pemanfaatan internet. Secara umum, ibu-ibu tersebut tidak mengalami kendala yang cukup berarti terkait pemahaman materi yang diberikan. Namun pada ibu-ibu anggota yang usianya di atas 50 tahun, penggunaan internet lebih kepada alat untuk berkomunikasi saja. Sementara itu, jenis platform terbanyak yang digunakan dalam beberapa usaha online yang mereka lakukan adalah aplikasi WhatsApp.
Al-‘Alaqah baina al-Biah al-Lugawiyah al-‘Arabiyah wa Maharatu Kalami al-Tullab fi al-Madrasah al-Sanawiyah Sumatra al-Tawalib Parabek Bukit Tinggi
Authors: Jenita Akma 
Published: July 2021

ملخص البحث
المشكلات في هذ البحث: الأنشطة اللغوية الموجودة في المدرسة سومطرى الطوالب فرابئ بوكيت تنجي في الصل الخامس قسم الدين تدل على أن هناك البيئة اللغوية العربية كيوم اللغة, ومجموعة المحادثة, وتدريب الخطابة بعد صلاة الظهر جماعة, وهناك جمعية العربية الخاصة (Top 20 Arab). الين صاروا طلابه أسوة في تطبيق الكلام باللغة العربية. وأهداف البحث: لمعرفة العلاقة بين البيئة اللغوية العربية و مهارة الكلام الطلاب في المدرسة الثانوية سومطرى الطوابتب تنويج تنويك بنويج بنويك تنجيك بنويك تنجيك تنجيك تنجيك تنويك.
وهذا البحث بحث كمي وصفي. وأمّا أسلوب جمع البيانات فهي الملاحظة والمقابلة والاختبار. وأما مجتمع البحث طلبة قسم الدين في الفصل الخامس. وتحليل البحث استعمال استبيان باختبار الصلاحية (uji validitas) و اختبار الموثوقية (uji reliabilitas) dan اختبار الطبعي (uji normalitas) melalui SPSS.
وأمّا نتائج البحث هي توجد العلاقة بين البيئة اللغوية العربية ومهارة الكلام لدى الطلاب بقيمة الدلالة (0.204 <0.05). العلاقة بين البيئة اللغوية العربية ومهارة الكلام الطلاب ليست قوية ، با الرغم من أن هناك علاقة إيجابية بينهما. بناء على نتيجة تحليل العلاقة بينهما, وجدت الباحثة أن نتيجة r (معامل الارتباط) 0,362 تعني أن متغير بيئة اللغة العربية يمكن أن يفسر متغير مهارة الكلام بنسبة 36,2% ويتم شرح الباقي بواسطة متغيرات أخرى خارج البحث.
Bacillus aryabhattai SMNCH17-07 Strain: First Isolation and Characterization from Textile Waste Water with Evaluation of Its Decolorization Ability against Azo Dyes
Authors: KORCAN Safiye Elif , ÇİTEKCİ Kübra , AYDIN Büşra , ABED Ahmed Badri , UYSAL AKKUŞ Gülderen 
Published: July 2021

Azo dyes are largely entered into various industrial products. Conventional treatment techniques are insufficient to eliminate azo dyes entirely from effluents due to the ability of these dyes to maintain color, steadiness and being difficult to transformation. Bioremediation procedures have -been proved as a promising method to remove azo dyes effectively, due to their advantages such as the low cost, being environmentally safe and the large scale usage capability.
In this study, SA3 bacterial isolate, has been collected from textile waste water area in industrial zone located in Usak province, Turkey. Phenotypic identification and phylogenetic determination on the basis of partial 16S rDNA sequence comparisons indicated that this strain is 100 % Bacillus aryabhattai SMNCH17-07 strain. SA3 isolate was Gram positive, central spore-forming and rod-shape bacteria .The isolate gave positive results for catalase, NaCl, Voges-Proskauer, starch hydrolysis assays and negative results for the citrate reaction.
The decolorizing ability of this strain was evaluated against CI Acid Blue 193 CI 15707 and CI Acid Red 88 CI 15620 dyes. The results showed that absorbance rate of Acid Blue by this isolate was (33, 17%) after 216 hours. While Absorbance rate of Acid red by this isolate was (62,68 %) after120 hours. According to FTIR spectrometer results of dyes adsorption it was found that bacterial retention sites were possibly aromatic and aliphatic (C = C, C = N, N = N) as well C‐O groups. As the first report on the isolation of Bacillus aryabhattai SMNCH17-07 strain from textile waste water with the evaluation of its ability to remove azo dyes, we suggest testing this bacterium as a low cost and ecofriendly bioremediator agent against further harmful dyes and pollutants.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENERANGAN DI TEMPAT KERJA DAN KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJA DENGAN KELUHAN KELELAHAN MATA PADA PENJAHIT BORDIR DI CV.X BANGIL-PASURUAN
Authors: Purwaningtyas Dita makhsunah 
Published: July 2021

Improper lighting that is not according the standards may result in health problems, one of which is eyestrain, a visual disturbance. Eyestrain is one result of improper lighting that is not according to standards. In addition, the characteristics of workers also play a role in the occurrence of eyestrain. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the lighting in a workplace and the characteristics of workers with complaints of eyestrain in embroidery tailors at CV "X" Bangil, Pasuruan. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The research population was all embroidery tailors in CV "X" Bangil, Pasuruan, as many as 122 workers. The research sample was taken using the Simple Random Sampling method, and 55 workers were obtained. The data were collected by measuring the workplace lighting using a luxmeter measuring instrument. The research instrument used were observation sheets and questionnaires. The data analysis was done by using the Fisher's Exact Test. The results of lighting measurements indicate that the intensity of illumination both general and local is still below the Standard Value. The poor quality of lighting is indicated by most workers who experienced glare, shadow disturbances, and improper workplace decorations. The results of the statistical test show that the p value of all variables > α (0.05). There is a significant relationship between the lighting in a workplace and the characteristics of workers with eyestrain. CV "X" needs to schedule a maintenance and cleaning for lights, armatures, wall windows, floors and work desks. In addition, it is necessary to increase the intensity of lighting in the workplace.

Keywords: lighting, worker characteristics, eyestrain
Aprender de la arquitectura anónima
Authors: Muñoz i Frigola Olga 
Published: July 2021

Desde este año 2021 y hasta el 2023, GRETA (Grupo de Recuperación y Estudio de la Tradición Arquitectónica) dedicará gran parte sus esfuerzos a analizar la arquitectura anónima de las Gavarres, la Alta Garrotxa y el Cap de Creus, gracias al proyecto El patrimonio arquitectónico anónimo de los espacions naturales protegidos, dentro del PECT (programa de proyectos de especialización y competitividad territorial) Girona, patrimonio activo, que cuenta con el apoyo y financiación de la Diputació de Girona, de la Generalitat de Catalunya y fondos europeos.
Relationship between obesity and musculoskeletal disorders: A scope review protocol
Authors: Fortunato Lucas Marques , Kruk Tatielly , Lima Junior Emilton 
Published: July 2021

Obesity is considered a public health problem and the review of the scientific literature allows the observation of several changes in the musculoskeletal system associated with this disease. The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between these changes in obese children and adults. This article is a scope review protocol, a study methodology based on the structure described by Arksey and O'Malley. The study protocol followed the recommendations from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyzes extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklis. It will be conducted in five stages: a) elaboration of the research question; b) identification of relevant studies; c) selection of studies; d) data extraction; e) summary of the results. The study aims to correlate musculoskeletal disorders in obesity, in different stages of bone maturation, which are less studied, in order to provide scientific evidence to health care professionals involved in the multidisciplinary treatment of this chronic disease.