bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive C−Ge Coupling of Aryl/Alkenyl Electrophiles with Chlorogermanes
Authors: Su Pei‐Feng , Wang Ke , Peng Xuejing , Pang Xiaobo , Guo Peng , Shu Xing‐Zhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCross‐electrophile coupling has emerged as a promising tool for molecular synthesis; however, current studies have focused mainly on forging C−C bonds. We report a cross‐electrophile C−Ge coupling reaction and thereby demonstrate the possibility of constructing organogermanes from carbon electrophiles and chlorogermanes. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and offers access to both aryl and alkenyl germanes. Electron‐rich, electron‐poor, and ortho‐/meta‐/para‐substituted (hetero)aryl electrophiles, as well as cyclic and acyclic alkenyl electrophiles, were coupled. Gram‐scale reaction, incorporation of the ‐GeR3 moiety into complex biologically active molecules, and derivatization of formed organogermanes are demonstrated.
Composites ofABSwithSEBS‐g‐MAand copper microparticles modified by mussel‐bioinspired polydopamine: A comparative rheological study
Authors: Sakahara Rogério Massanori , da Silva Daniel José , Wang Shu Hui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCharacterizing and understanding composite polymeric systems' rheological behavior is essential to tune their melt flow in polymer processing machinery. Also, rheological tests are suitable tools to evaluate the microstructure and interface adhesion of polymeric composites, which are relevant parameters on the composite performance in their applications. Poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene) (ABS) and its composites are essential materials used to manufacture consumer goods necessary to maintain the quality of life of human beings. In this work, we report on polymer systems based on ABS and poly(styrene‐block‐ethylene‐co‐butylene‐block‐styrene)‐graft‐maleic anhydride (SEBS‐g‐MA) as polymer matrix containing dispersed copper microparticles (ABS:SEBS‐g‐MA:Cu). Polydopamine, a bioinspired polymer, was applied as a filler‐matrix interface compatibilizer of the composites. The linear viscoelastic rheological measurements evidence a shear‐thinning behavior for the composites, and the polydopamine coating affects the polymer phase's relaxation time. The cohesive energy density (Ec) and SEM micrographs indicate good adhesion between copper and ABS:SEBS‐g‐MA due to polydopamine interfacial adherence.
Plant‐derived human recombinant growth factors and serum albumin maintain stemness of human‐induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Lee Yukyeong , Lee Hye Jeong , Ham Seokbeom , Jeong Dahee , Lee Minseong , Lee Uiil , Lee Myungseok , Kwon Tae‐Ho , Ko Kinarm 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStem cells are an important therapeutic source for recovery and regeneration, as their ability of self‐renewal and differentiation offers an unlimited supply of highly specialized cells for therapeutic transplantation. Growth factors and serum are essential for maintaining the characteristics of stem cells in culture and for inducing differentiation. Because growth factors are produced mainly in bacterial (Escherichia coli) or animal cells, the use of such growth factors raises safety concerns that need to be resolved for the commercialization of stem cell therapeutics. To overcome this problem, studies on proteins produced in plants have been conducted. Here, we describe the functions of plant‐derived fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and human serum albumin in the maintenance and differentiation of human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Plant‐derived FGF2 and human epidermal growth factor EGF were able to differentiate hiPSCs into neural stem cells (NSCs). These NSCs could differentiate into neuronal and glial cells. Our results imply that culturing stem cells in animal‐free culture medium, which is composed of plant‐derived proteins, would facilitate stem cell application research, for example, for cell therapy, by reducing contamination risk.
E‐cigarette or vaping product use‐associated lung injury: A great COVID‐19 mimicker in young adult
Authors: Hoshina Yoji 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEVALI and COVID‐19 share similar clinical and imaging features. Assessing the vaping or e‐cigarette use history and conducting urine toxicology tests for high‐risk patients are important with increasing COVID‐19 cases in young adults.
Ligand‐Controlled Regiodivergence for Catalytic Stereoselective Semireduction of Allenamides
Authors: Hajiloo Shayegan Mojtaba , Li Zhong‐Yuan , Cui Xin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLigand‐controlled regiodivergence has been developed for catalytic semireduction of allenamides with excellent chemo‐ and stereocontrol. This system also provides an example of catalytic regiodivergent semireduction of allenes for the first time. The divergence of the semireduction is enabled by ligand switch with the same palladium pre‐catalyst under operationally simple and mild conditions. Monodentate ligand XPhos exclusively promotes selective 1,2‐semireduction to afford allylic amides, while bidentate ligand BINAP completely switched the regioselectivity to 2,3‐semireduction, producing (E)‐enamide derivatives.
Evaluation von Sicherheitslebenszyklusmodellen in der modularen Automation
Authors: Pelzer Florian , Pannasch Sebastian , Urbas Leon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDie dynamische Verschaltung modularer Anlagen steht im Widerspruch zu statischen Paradigmen der funktionalen Sicherheit aus dem konventionellen Anlagenbau. Eine Adaption der bestehenden Sicherheitslebenszyklusmodelle an die dynamischen Eigenschaften der modularen Prozessautomation ist daher notwendig. Der vorliegende Artikel beschreibt die systematische Entwicklung und Evaluation von Sicherheitslebenszyklen im Rahmen von Fokusgruppen‐Workshops für Process Equipment Assemblies sowie modulare Anlagen.
Colour, emotion, and behavioral intentions in city hotel guestrooms
Authors: Yar Bilal Selin , Aslanoğlu Rengin , Olguntürk Nilgün 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study explores the effects of colours on people's emotional states and behavioral intentions in a real‐world city hotel guestroom. For this study, blue, yellow, and gray were selected. According to literature, when it is desired to make a change on colour scheme in hotel rooms, the alteration should be applied to secondary colour while keeping the dominant colour constant. Thus, in this study, the alterations of colour scheme are only applied to bedspread and pillows fabrics. As results indicate, blue and yellow are associated with pleasure and arousal, whereas the gray colour evokes displeasure and no arousal. Yellow and blue are found to cause approach behavior in terms of customer loyalty, while the colour gray is found to cause avoidance behavior in city hotel guestrooms. There is a positive relationship between both pleasure and approach behavior and between arousal and approach behavior. The results can be useful for interior architects, designers, and hoteliers who emphasize touching guests' emotions and increasing approach behavior by creating favorable colour schemes. This study combines colour, emotion, and behavioral intentions in hospitality context which plays an essential role in filling gap in the literature about the effects of colour in a hospitality context.
Heat waves affect an invasive herbivore and its parasitoid differentially with impacts beyond the first generation
Authors: Simaz Olivia , Szűcs Marianna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHeat waves are becoming more frequent with climate change, and their impact on lower and higher trophic levels can differ. Higher trophic levels, such as predators and parasitoids, are predicted to be more strongly affected by heat waves than herbivores because they may have smaller thermal windows and because of altered ecological interactions with lower trophic levels. We tested the effects of heat waves of varying intensity (36–42°C), imposed for 4 h during five consecutive days on the egg stage of an invasive herbivore, the brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys), and on various developmental stages of its parasitoid,Trissolcus japonicus.Halyomorpha halyseggs had lower hatching success and fewer nymphs emerging with increasing intensity of heat stress, while exposure during the egg and larval stages ofT. japonicusdid not decrease adult emergence rates. Heat waves increased developmental time of parasitoids and decreased adult emergence when pupal stages were exposed. Adult parasitoids experiencing heat stress had lower survival, but their parasitism success overall was not affected. In addition, we detected transgenerational effects, whereas emergence success and the number of adult parasitoids emerging in the second generation declined when the parental generation was exposed to 42°C. Contrary to expectations, the results suggest thatH. halysmay be more sensitive to heat stress thanT. japonicus, at least during early development. Our findings indicate that biological control services provided byT. japonicuscan be maintained in the face of increasing heat wave events and point to the importance of following populations beyond the first generation to better understand the long‐term consequences of heat stress.
Improvement of thermal‐type MEMS flow sensor chip via new process of silicon etching with sacrificial polycrystalline silicon layer
Authors: Kasai Takashi , Momotani Koji , Nakano Yu , Nakao Hideyuki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper reports upon a new process for the flow sensor fabrication of a thermal microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and its performance improvement. A unique feature of the proposed process is the silicon etching, which is a combination of normal crystal‐oriented silicon etching and isotropic etching of polycrystalline silicon (poly‐Si). The poly‐Si layer works as a sacrificial layer and promotes etching of the silicon substrate in the horizonal direction, thereby enabling location of the etching holes in the membrane of the flow sensor without the conventional etching rules. Some designs for the flow sensors, which have been infeasible with normal processes, were thus fabricated and evaluated. Hence, the new process improves the design flexibility of the membrane and enhances flow sensor performance, such as 38.3% reduction in power consumption.
The IFN‐inducible GTPase IRGB10 regulates viral replication and inflammasome activation during influenza A virus infection in mice
Authors: Christgen Shelbi , Place David E. , Zheng Min , Briard Benoit , Yamamoto Masahiro , Kanneganti Thirumala‐Devi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe upregulation of interferon (IFN)‐inducible GTPases in response to pathogenic insults is vital to host defense against many bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. Several IFN‐inducible GTPases play key roles in mediating inflammasome activation and providing host protection after bacterial or fungal infections, though their role in inflammasome activation after viral infection is less clear. Among the IFN‐inducible GTPases, the expression of immunity‐related GTPases (IRGs) varies widely across species for unknown reasons. Here, we report that IRGB10, but not IRGM1, IRGM2, or IRGM3, is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection in mice. While IRGB10 functions to release inflammasome ligands in the context of bacterial and fungal infections, we found that IRGB10 facilitates endosomal maturation and nuclear translocation of IAV, thereby regulating viral replication. Corresponding with our in vitro results, we found that Irgb10–/– mice were more resistant to IAV‐induced mortality than WT mice. The results of our study demonstrate a detrimental role of IRGB10 in host immunity in response to IAV and a novel function of IRGB10, but not IRGMs, in promoting viral translocation into the nucleus.
Longitudinal SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence in Portugal and antibody maintenance 12 months after infection
Authors: Canto e Castro Luísa , Gomes Andreia , Serrano Marta , Pereira Ana Helena Guia , Ribeiro Rita , Napoleão Patrícia , Domingues Inês , Silva Cláudia , Fanczal Júlia , Afonso Ângela , Lopes Andreia , Toader Ionela , de Sousa Maria José Rego , de Sousa José Germano Rego , de Sousa Germano , Mota Maria M. , Silva‐Santos Bruno , Veldhoen Marc , Ribeiro Ruy M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, Portugal has experienced three distinct SARS‐CoV‐2 infection waves. We previously documented the prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 immunity, measured by specific antibodies, in September 2020, 6 months after the initial moderate wave. Here, we show the seroprevalence changes 6 months later, up to the second week of March 2021, shortly following the third wave, which was one of the most severe in the world, and 2 months following the start of the vaccination campaign. A longitudinal epidemiological study was conducted, with a stratified quota sample of the Portuguese population. Serological testing was performed, including ELISA determination of antibody class and titers. The proportion of seropositives, which was 2.2% in September 2020, rose sharply to 17.3% (95% CI: 15.8–18.8%) in March 2021. Importantly, circulating IgG and IgA antibody levels were very stable 6 months after the initial determination and up to a year after initial infection, indicating long‐lasting infection immunity against SARS‐CoV‐2. Moreover, vaccinated people had higher IgG levels from 3 weeks post‐vaccination when compared with previously infected people at the same time post‐infection.
Solid‐state Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Cross‐linked Copper(II)‐doped Copolymer and Carbon Nanotube Material for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Monohydrogen Phosphate
Authors: Topcu Cihan , Coldur Fatih , Caglar Bulent , Ozdokur K. Volkan , Cubuk Osman 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA novel solid‐state electrochemical sensor based on a newly synthesized cross‐linked copper(II) doped‐copolymer and carbon nanotube material was developed for the direct determination of monohydrogen phosphate ions (HPO42−). The synthesized copolymers were characterized by FTIR, XPS, TG/DTG‐DTA and SEM techniques. The sensor had a Nernstian slope:‐30.7±0.4 mV/decade, linear concentrations range: 1.0×10−6‐ 1.0×10−1 M, detection limit: 6.5×10−7 M, response time: 4 s and life time: 17 weeks. The sensor displayed constant potentials in the pH range 7.0‐9.5. The sensor was successfully used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration and the direct determination of HPO42−in water samples.
Electrochemical generation of nitric oxide for medical applications
Authors: White Corey J. , Lehnert Nicolai , Meyerhoff Mark E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOver the past 30 years, the significance of nitric oxide (NO) has become increasingly apparent in mammalian physiology. It is biosynthesized by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthases (NOS): neuronal (nNOS), endothelial (eNOS), and inducible (iNOS). nNOS and eNOS both produce low levels of NO (nM) as a signaling agent and vasodilator, respectively. iNOS is present in activated macrophages at sites of infection to generate acutely toxic (μM) levels of NO as part of the mammalian immune defense mechanism. These discoveries have led to numerous animal and clinical studies to evaluate the potential therapeutic utility of NO in various medical operations/treatments, primarily using NO gas (via gas‐cylinders) as the NO source. In this review, we focus specifically on recent advances in the electrochemical generation of NO (E‐NOgen) as an alternative means to generate NO from cheap and inert sources, and the fabrication and testing of biomedical devices that utilize E‐NOgen to controllably generate NO for medical applications.
Field trial with tactical bubbles for mission critical communications
Authors: Heikkilä Marjo , Koskela Pekka , Suomalainen Jani , Lähetkangas Kalle , Kippola Tero , Eteläaho Pentti , Erkkilä Juha , Pouttu Ari 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMain research and development interest of 5G and beyond systems are focusing on solution for populated and hot spot areas, but public safety authorities need reliable communication solutions in rural and remote areas. Tactical bubbles—ad hoc‐type nonpublic communications networks built with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project‐based mobile technologies—offer mission critical communications services for public safety authorities in areas with bad mobile network coverage while also providing additional capacity in hot spot areas. In this experimental study, three interconnected bubbles acting on three different frequency bands—2.3 GHz (40), 2.6 GHz (7), and 3.5 GHz (n78)—are trialed. This article provides the analysis of different factors related to performance and user experience of tactical bubbles. Both ground‐level and aerial trial measurements, as well as simulations, were utilized to verify our configuration for the tactical bubbles and their fulfillment of the quality requirements. The performance and coverage of the tactical bubbles are evaluated in a trial, which represents authorities' search operations in a rural environment with hills, forests, and swamps. The achieved coverage range of the bubbles is more than 1000 m with the unmanned aerial system‐based measurements, whereas by car, the coverage is less than 600 m. The effect of obstacles (ie, buildings and hills) on the coverage area and performance of bubbles is significant, especially on car‐based measurements on the ground level.
Establishment and characterization of two human cutaneous angiosarcoma cell lines, KU‐CAS3 and KU‐CAS5
Authors: You Hi‐Jin , Kim Hyung‐Kyu , Kim Min‐Sook , Lee Yun‐Hwan , Chung Jae‐Ho , Hwang Na‐Hyun , Kim Deok‐Woo , Choi Jung‐Woo , Lee Ju‐Han 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) is a rare but fatal cancer. Established CAS cell lines are necessary for the investigation of their properties and treatment options.MethodsTwo cell lines, KU‐CAS3 and KU‐CAS5, were established from human angiosarcoma specimens obtained from the scalp. Flow cytometric assay, tube formation assay, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake assay, immunofluorescence analysis, real‐time PCR, tumorigenesis assay, and STR analysis were conducted.ResultsThe cells showed endothelial cell properties, based on the cobblestone appearance upon reaching confluence, CD31 positivity, tube‐formation activity, active uptake of acetylated LDL, and vWF expression. The two cell lines expressed relatively high levels of adrenergic β2 receptor, and the VEGF1 and VEGF2 receptors. In the in vivo study, the growing neoplasms, confirmed as CAS, were identified as subcutaneous dark papules. KU‐CAS cell lines were considered authentic based on STR profiling.ConclusionsKU‐CAS3 and KU‐CAS5 are the first human CAS cell lines having tumorigenic potential in vivo.
Brentuximab vedotin consolidation after autologous stem cell transplantation for Hodgkin lymphoma: A Fondazione Italiana Linfomi real‐life experience
Authors: Massaro Fulvio , Pavone Vincenzo , Stefani Piero Maria , Botto Barbara , Pulsoni Alessandro , Patti Caterina , Cantonetti Maria , Visentin Andrea , Scalzulli Potito Rosario , Rossi Andrea , Galimberti Sara , Cimminiello Michele , Gini Guido , Musso Maurizio , Sorio Marco , Arcari Annalisa , Zilioli Vittorio Ruggero , Luppi Mario , Mannina Donato , Fabbri Alberto , Pietrantuono Giuseppe , Annibali Ombretta , Tafuri Agostino , Prete Eleonora , Mulè Antonino , Barbolini Elisa , Marcheselli Luigi , Luminari Stefano , Merli Francesco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe standard management for relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is salvage therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). This strategy allows almost 50% of patients to be cured. Post‐ASCT maintenance treatment with brentuximab vedotin (BV) confers improved progression‐free survival (PFS) to cHL patients at high risk of relapse. We investigated the outcome of 105 cHL patients receiving post‐ASCT BV maintenance in the real‐life setting of 23 Italian hematology centers. This population included naïve patients and those previously exposed to BV. Median follow‐up was 20 months. Patients presented a median of two lines of treatment pre‐ASCT, with 51% receiving BV. Twenty‐nine percent of patients had at least two high‐risk factors (refractory disease, complete response [CR] less than 12 months, extranodal disease at relapse), while 16% presented none. At PET‐CT, a Deauville score (DS) of 1–3 was reported in 75% and 78% of pre‐ and post‐ASCT evaluations, respectively. Grade 3–4 adverse events (AEs), mainly peripheral neuropathy, were observed in 16% of patients. Three‐year PFS and overall survival (OS) were 62% and 86%, respectively. According to BV exposure, 3‐year PFS and OS were 54% and 71%, respectively, for naïve and 77% and 96%, respectively, for previously exposed patients. Refractory disease (hazard ratio [HR] 4.46; p = 0.003) and post‐ASCT DS 4–5 (HR 3.14; p = 0.005) were the only two factors significantly associated with PFS reduction in multivariable analysis. Post‐ASCT BV maintenance is an effective, safe treatment option for cHL naïve patients and those previously exposed to BV.
Future land cover and climate may drive decreases in snow wind‐scour and transpiration, increasing streamflow at a Colorado, USA headwater catchment
Authors: Barnhart Theodore B. , Vukomanovic Jelena , Bourgeron Patrick , Molotch Noah P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how land cover change will impact water resources in snow‐dominated regions is of critical importance as these locations produce disproportionate runoff relative to their land area. We coupled a land cover evolution model with a spatially explicit, physics‐based, watershed process model to simulate land cover change and its impact on the water balance in a 5.0 km2 headwater catchment spanning the alpine–subalpine transition on the Colorado Front Range. We simulated two potential futures both with greater air temperature (+4°C/century) and more precipitation (+15%/century, MP) or less precipitation (−15%/century, LP) from 2000 to 2100. Forest cover in the catchment increased from 72% in 2000 to 84% and 83% in 2050 and to 95% and 92% in 2100 for MP and LP, respectively. Surprisingly, increases in forest cover led to mean increases in annual streamflow production of 12 mm (6%) and 2 mm (1%) for MP and LP in 2050 with an annual control streamflow of 208 mm. In 2100, mean streamflow production increased by 91 mm (44%) and 61 mm (29%) for MP and LP. This result counters previous work as runoff production increased with forested area due to decreases in snow wind‐scour and increases in drifting leeward of vegetation, highlighting the need to better understand the impacts of forest expansion on the spatial pattern of snow scour, deposition and catchment effective precipitation. Identifying the hydrologic response of mountainous areas to climate warming induced land cover change is critically important due to the potential water resources impacts on downstream regions.