bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Political History of Megiddo in the Early Iron Age and the Ambiguities of Evidence
Authors: Thomas Zachary 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article reviews the major problems in the political history of Megiddo during the early Iron Age (Iron Age I–IIA), at the time of the early monarchic period in Israel (eleventh–ninth centuries BCE). Megiddo has been central to an ongoing debate over the nature of the early monarchic period in Israel and the exact chronology of the Iron Age I–IIA periods. This importance derives both from the extensive excavations of the relevant strata at Megiddo (VIA, VB and VA-IVB) as well as Megiddo’s appearance in relevant historical sources, namely the Hebrew Bible, which claims that Solomon “built” Megiddo, and its appearance in the campaign list of pharaoh Sheshonq I. Though the fragment of a stela of Sheshonq I was found at Megiddo, it was only found after having been discarded and so its stratigraphic attribution is unclear. Radiocarbon dating from these strata has assisted to some degree but still left dating and historical questions quite open. This article will demonstrate that the political history of Megiddo during the early Iron Age is beset with ambiguities in the evidence, which have been divided into seven ambiguities for the purpose of the discussion here. When these ambiguities are taken into account, it becomes clear that the interpreter has much latitude in making their reconstruction, specifically in how they date strata and associate them with putative historical developments. Different cases can be made for associating particular strata and their termination with Solomon, Sheshonq or even later kings, but none can claim to objectively be the correct or superior reconstruction.
S. W. Williams’ Relations with Asa Gray: Lifelong Friendship, Botany and Sinology
Authors: Chit-Shing So 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Samuel Wells Williams was a well-known missionary, diplomat and sinologist. In his whole life, he never gave up his pursuit on botany, however, there was not much attention to his botanical accomplishment. Williams had a lifelong friendship with Asa Gray, who was the most distinguished American botanist in the 19th century. And because of the contact, Williams related with botany indeed. In order to figure out their friendship and influence, this article is going to use the correspondences between Williams and Gray, besides the related publications. This article first presents Williams’ lifelong friendship with Gray, then, accounts for the plants and seeds which Williams gave to Gray. Finally, it will demonstrate the influence of Gray towards Williams’ contact with Ko Kun-hua, who was the first professor of Chinese descent at Harvard University.
Nationwide implementation of a decision aid on vaginal birth after cesarean: a before and after cohort study
Authors: Koppes Dorothea M. , van Hees Merel S. F. , Koenders Vivienne M. , Oudijk Martijn A. , Bekker Mireille N. , Franssen Maureen T. M. , Smits Luc J. , Hermens Rosella , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Scheepers Hubertina C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Woman with a history of a previous cesarean section (CS) can choose between an elective repeat CS (ERCS) and a trial of labor (TOL), which can end in a vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) or an unplanned CS. Guidelines describe women’s rights to make an informed decision between an ERCS or a TOL. However, the rates of TOL and vaginal birth after CS varies greatly between and within countries. The objective of this study is to asses nation-wide implementation of counselling with a decision aid (DA) including a prediction model, on intended delivery compared to care as usual. We hypothesize that this may result in a reduction in practice variation without an increase in cesarean rates or complications.

Methods
In a multicenter controlled before and after cohort study we evaluate the effect of nation-wide implementation of a DA. Practice variation was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of TOL percentages.

Results
A total of 27 hospitals and 1,364 women were included. A significant decrease was found in practice variation (SD TOL rates: 0.17 control group vs. 0.10 intervention group following decision aid implementation, p=0.011). There was no significant difference in the ERCS rate or overall CS rates. A 21% reduction in the combined maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes was seen.

Conclusions
Nationwide implementation of the DA showed a significant reduction in practice variation without an increase in the rate of cesarean section or complications, suggesting an improvement in equality of care.
Das Reich Gottes in einer bedrohten Schöpfung leben
Authors: Dziewas Ralf 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Kern der biblischen Reich-Gottes-Theologie ist die Erwartung, dass die Schöpfung in Gottes Reich an ihr Ziel kommen wird. Die christliche Auferstehungshoffnung verheißt darüber hinaus auch denen, die das Reich Gottes in dieser Welt nur im Anbruch erleben durften, volle Teilhabe an der von Gott vollendeten friedvollen und harmonischen Gemeinschaft aller Geschöpfe. Daher kann die christliche Hoffnung ethische Orientierung und spirituelle Kraft für eine nachhaltige Bewahrung der Schöpfung geben.
Facilitating Dialogue to Build koinonia: A Study Document on Churches and Moral Discernment by the Faith and Order Commission
Authors: Wijlens Myriam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Current tensions within and between churches often result from disagreements over moral issues. The WCC Commission on Faith and Order took up the task to assist the churches in finding a way to deepen mutual understanding leading to dialogue. It published the 2021 study document Churches and Moral Discernment: Facilitating Dialogue to Build koinonia. In this contribution, the author provides insights into the background of and process leading to the study document and explains its content.
A Rhetorical Solution to a Text-critical Problem in Psalm 69
Authors: Poe Hays Rebecca W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The final word in Ps 69:27 presents a text-critical problem for interpreters: the MT reads יספרו, »they talked about«, but the LXX/Syr. reflect a Hebrew Vorlage that read יספיו or יספו, »they added to«. This article argues that the variants emerged due to the challenge of translating word play across languages. The reconciliation of the resulting readings does not require the choice of one interpretation over the other; instead, the »original« Hebrew text of Ps 69:27b meant both »to tell« and »to add«, a meaning that underscores a major themes and rhetorical strategy of the larger psalm.
Exothermic behaviour of aluminium and graphene as a fuel in Fe2O3 based nanothermite
Authors: Thakur Priya , Sharma Vimal , Thakur Nagesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The main frontier of this research is to study the influence of multi-layer graphene (MLG) and aluminium as a fuel in Al/Fe2O3 and MLG/Fe2O3 nanothermites, fabricated by physical mixing and ultrasonication techniques. To study the structural and energy release properties, prepared samples were characterized by XRD, FESEM, EDS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and DSC. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique showed that all the phases remain intact during the synthesis. Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) micrographs displayed the surface morphology of the samples, and besides this, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to check the elemental composition of samples. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the ultrasonication waves did not deteriorate the aromatic structure of graphene sheets. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra were used to observe the information about various functional groups present in the thermite samples. The exothermic energy released by the thermite reaction in both the samples was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the observed values of energy release for Al/Fe2O3 and MLG/Fe2O3 are 215 J/g and 1640 J/g.
The theoretical investigation of the opto-electronic properties of designed molecules having 2-(2-Methylene-3-oxo-indane-1-ylidene)malononitrile as end-capped acceptors
Authors: Tariq Amina , Ramzan Hina , Ahmad Syed Waqas , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Ajmal Maryam , Khalid Muhammad , Iqbal Javed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Five acceptor-donor-acceptor molecules having different core units with 2-(2-Methylene-3-oxo-indane-1-ylidene)malononitrile as end capped terminal acceptor unit were designed. The ground state geometries and electronic properties were calculated by using density functional theory (DFT) at MPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. The absorption spectra were computed by using time dependent DFT at MPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. The designed molecules have broad absorption range in visible region. M3 shows relatively lower band gap so that having high light harvesting efficiency (LHE). The molecules consider as better hole blocking materials in term of high ionization potentials. The reorganization energies calculation of M1, M2 and M4 manifests that these molecules are the optimal candidate for electron transportation. High value of Voc has been observed for molecules which would favorably contribute in power conversion efficiency. M1, M2, M4 and M5 are more stable in terms of absolute hardness and electrostatic potential surfaces. All molecules show good opto-electronic properties in the aspect of their use in photovoltaic application.
The use of FCNT/PANI nanocomposites to extend the life of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Deyab Mohamed A. , Al-Qhatani Mohsen Mohammed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The contact between aluminum foil (current collector) and LiTFSI salt electrolyte not only causes surface corrosion problems but also decreases the shelf life of the lithium-ion battery (LIB). In this work, we develop new composites coatings that are able to protect the aluminum foil from corrosion in the LIB. The new composites contain functionalized carbon nanotubes and polyaniline conductive polymer (FCNT/PANI). The performance of new composites is evaluated using various experiments including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). The charge and discharge cycles of the LIB cell with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to investigate the battery performance and the morphology of the aluminum foil. Towards anti-corrosion application, FCNT/PANI composites can successfully suppress the pitting corrosion of Al foil in 1.0 M LiTFSI electrolyte. The FCNT/PANI composite that uses 1.0% FCNT shows a superior rate capability and anti-corrosion performance when compared with composites that use the 0.2 and 0.5% FCNT. Further, the lithium-ion battery with coated Al foils with FCNT/PANI composites gives an excellent cyclability. Overall, these results confirm that the FCNT/PANI composites are a determining factor for lithium-ion battery efficiency.
EEG Phase-Amplitude Coupling Strength and Phase Preference: Association with Age over the First Three Years after Birth
Authors: Mariscal Michael G. , Levin April R. , Gabard-Durnam Laurel J. , Xie Wanze , Tager-Flusberg Helen , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhase-amplitude coupling (PAC), the coupling of the phase of slower electrophysiological oscillations with the amplitude of faster oscillations, is thought to facilitate dynamic integration of neural activity in the brain. Although the brain undergoes dramatic change and development during the first few years of life, how PAC changes through this developmental period has not been extensively studied. Here, we examined PAC through electroencephalography (EEG) data collected during an awake, eyes-open EEG collection paradigm in 98 children between the ages of three months and three years. We employed non-parametric clustering methods to identify areas of significant PAC across a range of frequency pairs and electrode locations, and examined how PAC strength and phase preference develops in these areas. We found that PAC, primarily between the α-β and γ frequencies, was positively correlated with age from early infancy to early childhood (p = 2.035 × 10−6). Additionally, we found γ over anterior electrodes coupled with the rising phase of the α-β waveform, while γ over posterior electrodes coupled with the falling phase of the α-β waveform; this regionalized phase preference became more prominent with age. This opposing trend may reflect each region’s specialization toward feedback or feedforward processing, respectively, suggesting opportunities for back translation in future studies.
Василь Стефаник у світлі історіографічної та культурної рецепції
Authors: Ясь Олексій Васильович 
Published: May 2021

У статті висвітлюються стильові та жанрові риси творчості Василя Стефаника, які потрапили в епіцентр історіографічної й культурної рецепції. Розглянуто основі тенденції та метаморфози, що спричинили кардинальні зміни його сприйняття в українській думці. Проаналізовано причини використання творів В. Стефаника у політичних концептуалізаціях та ідеологічних кампаніях. Обстоюється теза, що кардинальна зміна рецепції пов’язана із загальнолюдськими вимірами творчості В. Стефаника.
Функціоналізація нанокомпозитів для альтернативної енергетики
Authors: Михайлова Галина Юріївна 
Published: May 2021

Досліджено електропровідні властивості системи порошковий титан — багатошарові вуглецеві нанотрубки (БВНТ) у процесах встановлення між її компонентами електричних контактів при деформації стискання. Спостерігається утворення композитів, яке супроводжується зростанням електропровідності матеріалу, що зумовлено переносом електронів з частинок металу до БВНТ. Показано, що використання композитів метал — вуглецеві наноструктури відкриває шлях до створення «холодних» катодів термоемісійних перетворювачів (ТЕП), які можуть працювати від низькотемпературних джерел енергії. Використання катода з композиту Ti — терморозширений графіт при опроміненні ТЕП концентрованим сонячним світлом дозволило вперше спостерігати напругу і постійний струм за температур 170–350°C, що є до 9 разів нижчими за робочі температури традиційних ТЕП, виготовлених з тугоплавких металів. При цьому струм спостерігався в замкненому електричному колі без прикладання додаткової зовнішньої різниці потенціалів. Встановлені механізми генерації струму і напруги у ТЕП з композитним катодом дозволили сформулювати фізичні принципи побудови «холодних» електродів для прямих емісійних перетворювачів концентрованої сонячної енергії на електричну.
Thirty-Day Outcomes of Children and Adolescents With COVID-19: An International Experience
Authors: Duarte-Salles Talita , Vizcaya David , Pistillo Andrea , Casajust Paula , Sena Anthony G. , Lai Lana Yin Hui , Prats-Uribe Albert , Ahmed Waheed-Ul-Rahman , Alshammari Thamir M. , Alghoul Heba , Alser Osaid , Burn Edward , You Seng Chan , Areia Carlos , Blacketer Clair , DuVall Scott , Falconer Thomas , Fernandez-Bertolin Sergio , Fortin Stephen , Golozar Asieh , Gong Mengchun , Tan Eng Hooi , Huser Vojtech , Iveli Pablo , Morales Daniel R. , Nyberg Fredrik , Posada Jose D. , Recalde Martina , Roel Elena , Schilling Lisa M. , Shah Nigam H. , Shah Karishma , Suchard Marc A. , Zhang Lin , Zhang Ying , Williams Andrew E. , Reich Christian G. , Hripcsak George , Rijnbeek Peter , Ryan Patrick , Kostka Kristin , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVES
To characterize the demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, in-hospital treatments, and health outcomes among children and adolescents diagnosed or hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to compare them in secondary analyses with patients diagnosed with previous seasonal influenza in 2017–2018.

METHODS
International network cohort using real-world data from European primary care records (France, Germany, and Spain), South Korean claims and US claims, and hospital databases. We included children and adolescents diagnosed and/or hospitalized with COVID-19 at age &lt;18 between January and June 2020. We described baseline demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, 30-day in-hospital treatments, and outcomes including hospitalization, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and death.

RESULTS
A total of 242 158 children and adolescents diagnosed and 9769 hospitalized with COVID-19 and 2 084 180 diagnosed with influenza were studied. Comorbidities including neurodevelopmental disorders, heart disease, and cancer were more common among those hospitalized with versus diagnosed with COVID-19. Dyspnea, bronchiolitis, anosmia, and gastrointestinal symptoms were more common in COVID-19 than influenza. In-hospital prevalent treatments for COVID-19 included repurposed medications (&lt;10%) and adjunctive therapies: systemic corticosteroids (6.8%–7.6%), famotidine (9.0%–28.1%), and antithrombotics such as aspirin (2.0%–21.4%), heparin (2.2%–18.1%), and enoxaparin (2.8%–14.8%). Hospitalization was observed in 0.3% to 1.3% of the cohort diagnosed with COVID-19, with undetectable (n &lt; 5 per database) 30-day fatality. Thirty-day outcomes including pneumonia and hypoxemia were more frequent in COVID-19 than influenza.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite negligible fatality, complications including hospitalization, hypoxemia, and pneumonia were more frequent in children and adolescents with COVID-19 than with influenza. Dyspnea, anosmia, and gastrointestinal symptoms could help differentiate diagnoses. A wide range of medications was used for the inpatient management of pediatric COVID-19.
A globális tudás piaca
Authors: Csepeli György 
Published: May 2021

Összefoglaló. A koronavírus-járvány megmutatta, hogy mennyire
törékenyek az emberiség jólétének alapjai. Steven Pinkernek igaza lehet abban,
hogy az emberiség még sosem élt oly jól, mint a 20. és 21. század fordulóján, de
abban senki nem lehet bizonyos, hogy a trend folytatódik. A klímaváltozás, a
migráció, a civilizációk békésnek nem mondható együttélése, a globális
egyenlőtlenségek és a pénzügyi rendszer elszabadulása eredményeképpen planetáris
idiotizmus jelent meg. A világ minden korábbi korszakhoz képest változékonyabb,
bizonytalanabb, kétértelműbb és komplexebb társadalmi-természeti valósággá lett,
melynek megismerése, kikutatása az egyetemeken és a kutatóintézetekben
munkálkodó tudósok dolga. A vírusjárvány nyertese a digitális szféra, ahol a
tudás globális piacterei nyílnak. Az emberiség jövője azon múlik, hogy
visszatalál-e a szolidaritás értékeihez, melyek megtartották a Földön.
Summary. The coronavirus pandemic has shown how fragile are the
grounds of human wellbeing on earth. Steven Pinker can be right stating that
humankind has never lived so well than at the turn of the century but no-one can
be sure that this trend will not end abruptly. Climate change, migration,
increase of global inequalities the belligerent coexistence of civilisations and
the unleash of the financial system have resulted the emergence of planetary
idiotism. The world has never been more volatile, uncertain, ambiguous and
complex than before. Studying and knowing this world is the task to be done by
scholars working in research institutes and universities. The winner of the
coronavirus pandemic has become the digital sphere where the global marketplaces
of the knowledge production and distribution operate. The future of mankind
depends on the willingness to return to the primordial values of solidarity that
helped the human survival.
Learning Alone – a kapcsolati beágyazódás vizsgálata a távolléti oktatás alatt
Authors: Pusztai Gabriella , Győri Krisztina 
Published: May 2021

Összefoglaló. A COVID–19-pandémia oktatásra gyakorolt hatását
2020-ban a kutatók rendkívüli gyorsasággal kezdték el vizsgálni. Jelen kutatás
összehasonlította a hallgatói kapcsolatoknak a vészhelyzeti távolléti oktatás
(emergency remote teaching, ERT) előtti és alatti állapotát és ezek
összefüggését a hallgatói eredményesség alakulásával. Kérdőívünket 677 válaszadó
hallgató töltötte ki (172 férfi és 505 nő) összesen 29 magyarországi
felsőoktatási intézményből. Eredményeink rámutattak az oktatók tanítással nem
szorosan összefüggő szerepköreinek nélkülözhetetlenségére, valamint arra, hogy a
hallgatói kapcsolatok gyengülése összefüggésben áll a tanulmányok melletti
kitartással, a tanulmányi aktivitással, a bizalommal és az elégedettséggel.
Mindezt a virtuális egyetem koncepciók kidolgozásánál is szükséges figyelembe
venni.
Summary. Researchers have begun studying with utmost haste the
effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on teaching already in 2020. In the present
study, we compared the states of the student relationships before and after the
emergency remote teaching (henceforth ERT). Our questionnaire was filled by 677
students (172 males, 505 females) from altogether 29 Hungarian higher education
institutes. Our results raise attention to the important dimension of the role
of faculty members which are not in close relation to knowledge transfer,
furthermore, the results point that the strength of the institutional
relationships is in correlation with the persistence related to student
persistence, student engagement, the trust, and the satisfaction. All of this
should be taken into consideration when working out a concept for a virtual
university.
Low Health Literacy is Associated with the Onset of CKD during the Life Course
Authors: Gurgel do Amaral Matheus S. , Reijneveld Sijmen A. , Geboers Bas , Navis Gerjan J. , Winter Andrea F de 
Published: May 2021

Significance Statement
Low health literacy, the decreased ability to deal with information related to one’s health, has been associated with poor outcomes in patients with CKD, but research has not explored whether low health literacy is associated with the onset of CKD. Using data from a prospective cohort study of 93,885 community-dwelling adults living in The Netherlands, the authors showed that low health literacy was associated with the onset of CKD in older adults, and that this association was partially explained by the presence of a high body mass index (BMI). Moreover, individuals with worse renal function were more likely to have low health literacy. These results suggest that measures to address low health literacy, notably over the control of BMI, might help prevent the development of CKD.

Background
Health literacy, the ability to deal with information related to one’s health, is a predictor of health outcomes in CKD. However, research has not explored whether low health literacy predicts the onset of CKD.

Methods
We used data from participants of Lifelines, a prospective population-based cohort study of individuals living in The Netherlands, to assess the share of individuals with low health literacy by eGFR category, whether low health literacy is associated with CKD onset in the general population and in the subgroup of older adults, and whether established CKD risk factors mediate this association.

Results
In the total sample of 93,885 adults (mean follow-up 3.9 years), low health literacy was more likely among individuals in worse eGFR categories, increasing from 26.4% in eGFR category 1 to 50.0% in category 5 (P=0.02). Low health literacy, compared with adequate health literacy, was associated with the onset of CKD in the total sample (3.0% versus 2.1%) and in the subgroup of older adults (13.4% versus 11.3%), with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.44 (95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.31 to 1.59) and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.41), respectively. After adjustment for sex, age, education, and income, health literacy was associated with CKD onset only in older adults (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.50). This association was mediated by hypertension and high body mass index (BMI) in the crude model, but only by BMI after adjustment (with BMI explaining 18.8% of the association).

Conclusions
Low health literacy is a risk factor for CKD onset among older adults, which suggests that CKD prevention might benefit from strategies to address low health literacy.