bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing health literacy among adult outpatients attending allied health clinics in western sydney: A cross‐sectional survey using a multidimensional instrument
Authors: Hobbs Kim , Muscat Danielle Marie , Ceprnja Dragana , Gibson Jodi‐Anne , Blumenthal Caron , Milad Rula , Burns Chris , Dennis Sarah , Lau Timothea , Flood Victoria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIssue addressedLow health literacy disproportionately affects adults from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. This study investigated the health literacy of adults attending outpatient allied health services in western Sydney, a highly diverse region in Sydney with residents from a range of cultural and linguistic backgrounds.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was undertaken between March and April 2017 using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ). Participants, aged over 18 years and with a primary language of English, Arabic, Chinese or Hindi, were recruited from outpatient allied health clinics at Westmead Hospital. Means (standard deviation) for each of the nine HLQ domains were calculated and associations with demographic variables were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsTwo hundred and thirty people were included with mean age of 45.1 years (SD = 19.0), the majority were female (75.5%), over half were born overseas (55.7%) and 77.6% reported speaking English at home. The highest mean score on a HLQ domain (out of 5) was “Understanding health information well enough to know what to do” (M = 4.19; SD = 0.67), and the lowest mean score (out of 4) was “Appraisal of health information” (M = 2.97; SD = 0.54). Participants who did not speak English at home had significantly lower scores on seven of the nine HLQ domains.ConclusionsImportant health literacy strengths and limitations of a diverse sample of adults attending outpatient allied health services in western Sydney were identified. Findings should be considered in the light of the cross‐sectional survey methodology with non‐random sampling.So whatData will inform future interventions to improve health literacy and health outcomes among vulnerable population groups in western Sydney.
Intravenous furosemide vs nebulized furosemide in patients with pulmonary edema: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Barzegari Hasan , Khavanin Ali , Delirrooyfard Ali , Shaabani Somayeh 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsPulmonary edema is one of the most common acute respiratory disorders that diagnosis and treatment of the disease still remain as a health problem. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous furosemide and nebulized furosemide in control of the symptoms of the patients with pulmonary edem.MethodsIn this clinical trial, 80 patients were enrolled with pulmonary edema. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group the patients received nebulized furosemide at a dose of 1 mg furosemide for 20 minutes in 2 mL of sodium chloride 0.9% and in the control group the patients received intravenous furosemide at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Then, hemodynamic parameters and estimation of the clinical severity of the pulmonary edema in both groups was performed for 2 hours.ResultsAccording to our results, we can say that nebulized furosemide is not superior to intravenous furosemide in reducing dyspnea and crackles in patients with acute pulmonary edema, but significantly improved respiratory rate and arterial blood oxygen and has less hemodynamic changes than the intravenous furosemide.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed the beneficial effects of nebulized furosemide in the treatment of pulmonary edema, which can be prescribed as a treatment in addition to standard treatment and significantly lead in better control of pulmonary edema in the short term.
Nanofluid in the multiphase flow field and heat transfer: A review
Authors: Dey Debashis , Sahu Dibyansu S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTwo‐phase heat transfer is widely used in the heat transfer field, for example, condenser and evaporator in the refrigeration system, riser, and condenser in thermal power plants, and so on. The advantage of two‐phase heat transfer is that it gives a very‐high convective heat transfer coefficient compared to other modes of heat transfer. Nanofluid is a comparatively new heat transfer fluid and very popular because of its improved thermophysical properties. If nanofluid is used in a two‐phase heat transfer field, then the convective heat transfer coefficient may improve further. Nanofluids are possibly useful in many studies in two‐phase heat transfer like pool boiling heat transfer, flow boiling heat transfer, nanofluids in a microchannel, forced convective heat transfer, condensation, spray cooling, enhanced oil recovery, and so on. The effect of nanoparticles on wettability, contact angle, and nucleation sites are also reviewed in this paper. Numerical studies in two‐phase heat transfer are also reviewed and summarized in this paper. In this review, the chronological development of heat transfer in the two‐phase field is provided in a tabular form. This table covers a wide period starting Before Common Era ages until the recent addition of nanoparticles in the two‐phase heat transfer fluid.
Choosing an arbitrary calibration period for hydrologic models: How much does it influence water balance simulations?
Authors: Myers Daniel T. , Ficklin Darren L. , Robeson Scott M. , Neupane Ram P. , Botero‐Acosta Alejandra , Avellaneda Pedro M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe selection of calibration and validation time periods in hydrologic modelling is often done arbitrarily. Nonstationarity can lead to an optimal parameter set for one period which may not accurately simulate another. However, there is still much to be learned about the responses of hydrologic models to nonstationary conditions. We investigated how the selection of calibration and validation periods can influence water balance simulations. We calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool hydrologic models with observed streamflow for three United States watersheds (St. Joseph River of Indiana/Michigan, Escambia River of Florida/Alabama, and Cottonwood Creek of California), using time period splits for calibration/validation. We found that the choice of calibration period (with different patterns of observed streamflow, precipitation, and air temperature) influenced the parameter sets, leading to dissimilar simulations of water balance components. In the Cottonwood Creek watershed, simulations of 50‐year mean January streamflow varied by 32%, because of lower winter precipitation and air temperature in earlier calibration periods on calibrated parameters, which impaired the ability for models calibrated to earlier periods to simulate later periods. Peaks of actual evapotranspiration for this watershed also shifted from April to May due to different parameter values depending on the calibration period's winter air temperatures. In the St. Joseph and Escambia River watersheds, adjustments of the runoff curve number parameter could vary by 10.7% and 20.8%, respectively, while 50‐year mean monthly surface runoff simulations could vary by 23%–37% and 169%–209%, depending on the observed streamflow and precipitation of the chosen calibration period. It is imperative that calibration and validation time periods are chosen selectively instead of arbitrarily, for instance using change point detection methods, and that the calibration periods are appropriate for the goals of the study, considering possible broad effects of nonstationary time series on water balance simulations. It is also crucial that the hydrologic modelling community improves existing calibration and validation practices to better include nonstationary processes.
Effectiveness and safety of nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma: A multicenter, observational study
Authors: Monestier Sandrine , Dalle Stéphane , Mortier Laurent , Dutriaux Caroline , Dalac‐Rat Sophie , Meyer Nicolas , Leccia Marie Thérèse , Mansard Sandrine , Montaudié Henri , Saiag Philippe , Combemale Patrick , Guillot Bernard , Skowron François , Duval Modeste Anne‐Bénédicte , Bénéton Nathalie , Hainaut Ewa , Robert Caroline , Arnault Jean Philippe , Le Corre Yannick , Jouary Thomas , Ameur Nabahet , Varey Emilie , Khammari Amir , Dréno Brigitte ,   the RIC‐Mel network
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis retrospective observational study aimed to determine the effectiveness, safety and patterns of the use of nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma in real‐world clinical practice in France using data from a Temporary Authorization for Use Program (ATU). Data were collected from patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma enrolled in a French national database (Réseau pour la Recherche et l'Investigation Clinique sur le Mélanome: Ric‐Mel) and treated with nivolumab during the ATU program (12 September 2014 to 31 August 2015). The primary objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of patient characteristics on clinical response and overall survival (OS). Among 400 included patients (median age 66 years), the majority (83%) received nivolumab as second‐ or subsequent‐line therapy. The median durations of progression‐free survival and OS were 3.3 and 14.1 months, respectively, and 31.6% of patients achieved an objective response with a median duration of 20.1 months (range: 0‐34.7). The safety profile of nivolumab was manageable and consistent with those of previous clinical trials, with an incidence of grade 3‐5 adverse events of 13.8%. The safety and effectiveness of nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma in real‐world clinical practice in France were in line with the data reported in the Phase 3 trials CheckMate 066 and 037 of nivolumab in this patient population.
Simulation of interactive contagion between depositors' panic and banking risk
Authors: Gong Shuwen , Zou Huiwen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractContagion (spread of harmful idea) and control of bank risk have been an eternal topic in the field of financial research. In this paper, we firstly use the savings mechanism to combine the social network of depositors with the network of balance sheets in the banking system to build multiple networks for the banking industry. Secondly, aiming at the heterogeneity of depositors, construct an improved SIS model based on node attitudes to represent the decision‐making process of a bank run during the spread of panic emotions in social networks. Finally, three sets of simulation experiments were designed using a multi‐agent model to analyse the interaction between bank risk contagion and depositor panic contagion under initial asset shocks, the sensitivity of two types of risk contagion, and bank risk contagion under initial rumour shocks. Results show that: (i) The contagion of bank risks and the spread of panic emotions of depositors will affect each other, which will further expand the scope of the spread of bank risk and panic emotions; (ii) depositors in social networks are more likely to be affected by the negative emotions around them; (iii) The key to stabilizing the banking system, while sufficient liquidity can effectively help the banking system resist rumour attacks.
The stability and downside risk to contrarian profits: Evidence from the S&P 500
Authors: Forbes William , Kiselev Egor , Skerratt Len 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA large literature now reports the evidence for the profitability of contrarian trading strategies. We investigate the stability of such contrarian trading strategies and their ability to generate large, potentially ruinous, losses for their users. Specifically, we ask, are the annual profits earned by contrarian strategies sufficiently stable and loss‐free to keep their adherents in the game and capable of reaping returns to such long‐run trading strategies? We present tests with more statistical power than hitherto, reflecting practical aspects of the operation of contrarian strategies. Specifically, the strategies are implemented only for years in which the mean return of stocks in the buy portfolio exceeds that of the sell portfolio; in addition, for each strategy, we calculate the Calmar ratio as a measure of downside risk. Using the constituents of the S&P 500 index for the years 1990–2017 inclusive, we examine a variety of simple, ratio‐based strategies and more complicated strategies based on formal valuation models. Overall, our evaluation makes us sceptical about the reliability of contrarian strategies as currently formulated. But of those strategies available, those based on discounted cash flow seem most likely to be profitable.
The role of sarcopenic obesity in high‐grade endometrial cancer
Authors: Donkers Hannah , Fasmer Kristine E. , Mcgrane John , Pijnenborg Johanna M. A. , Bekkers Ruud , Haldorsen Ingfrid S. , Galaal Khadra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between obesity and sarcopenia in relation to overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) in high‐grade endometrial cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study in women diagnosed with high‐grade endometrial cancer (EC) between February 2006 and August 2017 in the Royal Cornwall Hospital who had abdominal computerized tomography (CT)‐scan as part of routine staging work‐up. Sarcopenia was assessed by measuring psoas‐, paraspinal‐ and abdominal wall muscles on CT and defined by skeletal muscle index ≤41 cm2/m2. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as sarcopenia combined with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2.ResultsA total of 176 patients with median age of 70 years and median BMI of 29.4 kg/m2were included in the study. The majority of patients (38%) had endometrioid type histology. Sarcopenia was not associated with OS (P = 0.951) or DSS (P = 0.545) However, in multivariate analysis, sarcopenic obesity was associated with reduced OS in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) patients (P = 0.048).ConclusionSarcopenic obesity is associated with OS in high‐grade EEC patients, while sarcopenia without obesity is not related to OS or DSS in high‐grade EC. In non‐endometrioid endometrial cancer, there is no association between sarcopenic obesity and survival.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of prenatal depression underdiagnosis: A population‐based study
Authors: Faisal‐Cury Alexandre , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Azeredo Catarina Machado , Matijasevich Alicia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate prenatal depression underdiagnosis prevalence and its associated sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors among a population‐based sample of Brazilian pregnant women with depression.MethodsWe used data from the Brazilian National Survey (PNS 2013). Of the 22 445 women of reproductive age, 800 reported being pregnant. Participants answered the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) and a questionnaire with sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinical data. Classification of prenatal depression underdiagnosis was made using the comparison between results obtained from the self‐referred question evaluating clinical diagnosis of depression and the results of the PHQ‐9. Pregnant women with a PHQ‐9 score greater than 8 and with a “No” answer in the clinical question were classified as prenatal depression underdiagnosis. Logistic regression models were performed to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) between variables and prenatal depression underdiagnosis.ResultsPrevalence of prenatal depression underdiagnosis was 82.3% (74.8%–87.8%). Pregnant women with non‐white skin color and pregnant women with an elementary school degree were more likely to be underdiagnosed with prenatal depression in comparison with women with white skin color (adjusted OR 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–5.91) and with women with higher education (adjusted OR 4.07, 95% CI 2.05–8.09).ConclusionEquitable mental health assistance for pregnant women should considered prenatal depression social risk factors.
Seven‐year survival analysis in women with unsuspected uterine malignancy after laparotomic versus laparoscopic hysterectomy: A national claim data retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yuk Jin‐Sung , Lee Jung H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe primary aim was to compare the overall survival of women with unsuspected uterine malignancy (UUM) diagnosed after laparotomic versus laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign gynecologic diseases. The secondary aim was to evaluate the incidence of UUM.MethodsA national health insurance database was analyzed from 2006 to 2010.ResultsFrom the database (24 million women annually), 157 232 women who received hysterectomy for benign diseases were extracted. These women were divided into a laparotomic group (n = 103 631) and a laparoscopic group (n = 53 601). The overall incidences of UUM, unsuspected endometrial cancer, and unsuspected uterine malignancy other than endometrial cancer (UUMOEC) were 0.66%, 0.46%, and 0.19%, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis showed that the laparoscopic group was associated with more favorable overall survival than the laparotomic group, especially in UUMOEC (P < 0.001).ConclusionIn women with UUM diagnosed after hysterectomy for benign diseases, overall survival up to 7 years favors laparoscopy over laparotomy, especially in UUMOEC and the incidence of UUM is relatively low. However, considering the devastating effect of intraperitoneal dissemination of UUM, surgeons should fully explain this issue to patients preoperatively and try to avoid intraperitoneal spread of tumor cells intraoperatively.
DRAINMOD simulation of paddy field drainage strategies and adaptation to future climate change in lower reaches of the Yangtze river basin*
Authors: Awad Ahmed , Luo Wan , Zou Jiarong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe DRAINMOD model was used to simulate the current and future water balance in the Yanyun Irrigation District, China. Projections of future climate in the district (2021:2050) show that annual maximum and minimum temperatures will increase by [1.09 and 1.15 °C] under the representative concentration pathway RCP4.5 and [1.34 and 1.39 °C] under RCP8.5, besides more frequency of one‐day peak precipitation events. DRAINMOD simulations revealed that future annual runoff will increase by 33.3% (RCP4.5) and 36.9% (RCP8.5), while groundwater tables will drop by 6% (RCP4.5) and 14.5% (RCP8.5). Future hydrology has been resimulated, but with increasing the capacity of surface depressions in an attempt to minimize adverse impacts of climate change, and results have been checked twice: under proper and improper subsurface drainage practices. Under proper subsurface drainage practices, it was revealed that future runoff will decrease by 25.3% (RCP4.5) and 23.6% (RCP8.5), which will cause a rise in groundwater tables to desired levels, while in contrast, improper subsurface drainage practices will increase future runoff by 13.7% (RCP4.5) and 2.8% (RCP8.5), all compared to future values before adaptation. Therefore, proper drainage strategies are a vital tool that helps to cope with climate change in agricultural lands and mitigate future runoff rates.
Early Effects of Abaloparatide on Bone Formation and Resorption Indices in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis
Authors: Dempster David W , Zhou Hua , Rao Sudhaker D , Recknor Chris , Miller Paul D , Leder Benjamin Z , Annett Miriam , Ominsky Michael S , Mitlak Bruce H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Anabolic osteoporosis drugs improve bone mineral density by increasing bone formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the early effects of abaloparatide on indices of bone formation and to assess the effect of abaloparatide on modeling-based formation (MBF), remodeling-based formation (RBF), and overflow MBF (oMBF) in transiliac bone biopsies. In this open-label, single-arm study, 23 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were treated with 80 μg abaloparatide daily. Subjects received double fluorochrome labels before treatment and before biopsy collection at 3 months. Change in dynamic histomorphometry indices in four bone envelopes were assessed. Median mineralizing surface per unit of bone surface (MS/BS) increased to 24.7%, 48.7%, 21.4%, and 16.3% of total surface after 3 months of abaloparatide treatment, representing 5.5-, 5.2-, 2.8-, and 12.9-fold changes, on cancellous, endocortical, intracortical, and periosteal surfaces (p &lt; .001 versus baseline for all). Mineral apposition rate (MAR) was significantly increased only on intracortical surfaces. Bone formation rate (BFR/BS) was significantly increased on all four bone envelopes. Significant increases versus baseline were observed in MBF on cancellous, endocortical, and periosteal surfaces, for oMBF on cancellous and endocortical surfaces, and for RBF on cancellous, endocortical, and intracortical surfaces. Overall, modeling-based formation (MBF + oMBF) accounted for 37% and 23% of the increase in bone-forming surface on the endocortical and cancellous surfaces, respectively. Changes from baseline in serum biomarkers of bone turnover at either month 1 or month 3 were generally good surrogates for changes in histomorphometric endpoints. In conclusion, treatment with abaloparatide for 3 months stimulated bone formation on cancellous, endocortical, intracortical, and periosteal envelopes in transiliac bone biopsies obtained from postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. These increases reflected stimulation of both remodeling- and modeling-based bone formation, further elucidating the mechanisms by which abaloparatide improves bone mass and lowers fracture risk. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Real earnings management in bankrupt firms
Authors: Xu Chunhao , Zhang Hongxian , Hao Jun , Guo Liang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate: (1) whether managers in bankrupt firms manipulate earnings through real earnings management (REM); (2) the incentives and tradeoff strategies to engage in REM; (3) how REM influences the subsequent firm performance and bankruptcy probability. We find that bankrupt firms are more likely to manipulate earnings via REM than continuous firms. There is an increasing trend of REM activities in the 5‐year window before bankruptcy. The major incentive for bankrupt firms to engage in REM is the issuance of new debt. Bankrupt firms treat REM and accrual‐based earnings management (AEM) as complementary tools for earnings management. We further find that REM is associated with low future firm performance. The REM score defined in this study can more accurately predict bankruptcy than the Altman Z score by 15%. Overall, the findings in this paper will help investors, regulators, and academics identify REM activities and understand the incentives and consequences of REM.