bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culture and Identification of Multipotent Stem Cells in Guinea Pig Sclera
Authors: Chen Kaichuan , Zhou Yanping , Sheng Minjie , Li Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: to investigate whether the sclera of guinea pig contains stem cells with multiple differentiation potentials.Methods: Scleral tissue from guinea pig was separated from the retina and choroid and digested to release single cells. The cells cultured was identified as stem cells by flow cytometric analysis, semiquantitative RT-PCR. Abilities for multipotent differentiation were analyzed by histochemical staining technique (oil-red-O staining, alcian blue staining and alizarin red staining). Results: The cultured scleral stem cells were positive for CD44 and CD105 (mesenchymal stem cell surface markers) by flow cytometry. The cells cultured expressed stem cell markers ABCG2, Notch1, Six2 and Pax6, and the most important component of sclera type I collagen. The positive staining informed that the cells cultured were able to differentiate to adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages.Conclusion: The guinea pig sclera contained stem cells with multiple differentiation potentials. The cells were also related to scleral collagen and cartilage related proteins. The finding may provide a new tool to help clarify mechanisms of sclera related disease in further studies.
Parental, Gestational, and Early-life Exposure to Indoor Environmental Hazardous Facto Rs on Allergic Rhinitis Among Preschool Children in Urumqi City: A Case-control Study
Authors: Shi Haonan , Qi Huizhen , Jiang Lan , Lin Yuting , Wang Tingting , Yao Jian , Dong Huijuan , Lu Junwen , Wang Yue , Yin Zhe , Qi Xinyu , Yan Qi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAllergic rhinitis is a disease associated with impaired quality of life and heredity. This study aimed to investigate the association of allergic rhinitis (AR) in preschool children with exposure to indoor environment-related factors early in life. MethodsIn August 2019, we implemented a study among 2020 preschool children in Urumqi City using a case-control design. The study included parental reports for the occurrence of AR in children, parental history of respiratory disease, and indoor environmental correlates of maternal exposure from 1 year prior to pregnancy until the child's age of 0-1 years.ResultsMode of birth (caesarean section) (OR=1.31, 95%CI=1.02~1.67), father with AR (OR=2.67, 95%CI=2.08~3.44), mother with AR (OR=3.70, 95%CI=2.88~4.74), mother with asthma (OR=3.11, 95%CI=1.18~8.20), and mother with newly purchased furniture in the parents' residence during pregnancy (OR=1.49, 95%CI=1.03~2.14) were risk factors for AR in children. ConclusionsThe focus of allergic rhinitis should should be on children with a family history of AR and asthma and caesarean delivery. Primary prevention efforts for AR in preschool children are avoiding exposure of children to indoor environmental hazardous factors early in life.
A Study and Assessment of the Carbon Footprint of Tianjin University’s Weijin Road and Peiyangyuan Campuses, China
Authors: zayit abduxukur , Song Kun , Ghengare Antariksh Bhagwan , Gao Feng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundA living University campus is like a model city; its energy and carbon auditing can also model how energy and carbon can be studied and analyzed in a city. China’s colleges and universities face grave problems, now and in the future - from declining quality of campus environments to deteriorating building performance, antiquated facilities, and inefficient energy and resources consumption. While research and discussion exists on improving existing university buildings’ energy performance and evaluation standards - much of that research focuses on energy savings, rather than on greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Calculation of campus carbon emissions is the first step for transforming and planning each existing university to carbon neutral campus. Some researchers of campus carbon emissions in China have made calculations, which, although as yet unpublished, create an initial framework for carbon-neutral campus plan targets. The present research gives an overview of universities’ drive towards sustainability in China and in other countries. The paper then details carbon footprint accounting steps, quantifying major carbon emission sources and carbon sequestration by vegetation inside the Tianjin University’s Weijin Road and Peiyangyuan Campuses. Results from China’s universities are compared with international results in the scientific literature. In this paper, based on this data, we suggest strategies and show preliminary target settings for how to transform Weijin Road into a carbon-neutral campus. ResultsAnnual carbon emissions for 2019 of the Weijin Road campus were 58,172.68 tonnes, (2.60 tonnes per person), and Peiyangyuan campus, 55,213.75 tonnes (2.46 tonnes per person). The largest sources of the two campuses’ greenhouse gas emissions were electricity and gas; Weijin Road campus; electricity = 61.42%, gas = 20.73%, and Peiyangyuan campus electricity = 69.32%, gas = 11.60%. Carbon sequestered in the two campuses by vegetation are 11,257.34 tonnes and 27,856.51 tonnes respectively. The renewable energy contribution to carbon reduction in Peiyangyuan campus is 50.85 tonnes.ConclusionPer person carbon emissions of Tianjin University’s two campuses are below the average for some US campuses, but are also greater than some in European countries. Research may investigate methods used by successful campuses towards becoming carbon neutral.
Asiatic Acid Attenuates Aluminium Chloride-Induced Behavioral Changes, Neuronal Loss and Astrocyte Activation in Rats
Authors: Suryavanshi Jyoti , Prakash Chandra , Sharma Deepak 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is a potent neurotoxic metal known to cause neurodegeneration. Al exposure generates oxidative stress by accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the brain that is followed by the activation of neuronal cell death. Asiatic acid (AA), the major bioactive compound of Centella asiatica (a medicinal plant), act as multifunctional drug as well as an antioxidant. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of AA against Al neurotoxicity. Rats were orally administered with 100 mg/kg b. wt. of aluminium chloride (AlCl3) dissolved in distilled water for 8 weeks or AA (75 mg/kg b. wt.) in combination with Al. The results showed that AlCl3-intoxication caused significantly impaired memory, enhanced anxiety-like behavior, increased acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity and higher level of malondialdehydes (MDA) along with concomitantly decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain. In addition, Al exposure caused neuronal loss and enhanced reactive astrogliosis in both regions. However, co-administration of AA with AlCl3 significantly attenuated behavioral alterations, improved AChE, SOD and CAT activities and decreased MDA level. Further, the study demonstrated that AA attenuated neuronal loss and reactive astrogliosis in rat brain. In conclusion, AA could protect rat brain from Al toxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, neuronal loss and reactive astrogliosis.
The Vastus Medialis Oblique Compensates in Current Patellar Dislocation Patients with The Increased Femoral Anteversion
Authors: Dong Conglei , Zhao Chao , Wang Fei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) compensates in patella dislocation patients with the increase of femoral anteversion angle (FAA).Methods From January 2016 to January 2021, a total of 30 knees of 27 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD Group) were reviewed for this study. Among these patients, 13 patients with patellar dislocation and excessive FAA, >30° were assigned to A Group, and 17 patients with the patellar dislocation without excessive FAA,≤30 were assigned to B Group. And 27 age and sex matched knees without patellofemoral disorders were enrolled as control (C Group). The area of the VMO and vastus lateralis muscle (VLM) was measured 20 mm above the upper edge of the patella, and the ratio of the VMO and VLM area was calculated. The correlation relationship of FAA and VMO, VLM was analyzed.Results Comparing with the C Group, the RPD Group had a significantly larger FAA (30.10± 9.61°vs 15.00± 1.85°, P< 0.05), and smaller VMO/VLM ratio (3.49±1.00/4.18±1.51, P< 0.05), and the VMO/VLM ratio was significantly greater in A Group than the B Group (3.97±1.11 vs3.12±0.70, P< 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in VMO/VLM ratio among A Group and C Group (3.12±0.70/3.97±1.11, P> 0.05). And the VMO/VLM ratio was decreased in the B Group compared with the C Group (3.12±0.70/4.18±1.51, P< 0.05). The VMO/VLM ratio was positively correlated with the FAA(r=0.42) in the RPD Group.Conclusion Compared with the C Group, the patients with recurrent patellar dislocation had a smaller VMO/VLM ratio. Moreover, the FAA was positively correlated with the VMO/VLM in patients with patella dislocation. This finding explained the compensatory thickening of the VMO in response to excessive FAA in patients with patella dislocation.
Lymphatic Thrombosis and Impaired Lymph Drainage in Cigarette Smoke-Associated Emphysema
Authors: Summers Barbara D. , Kim Kihwan , Khan Zohaib , Thangaswamy Sangeetha , Clement Cristina C. , McCright Jacob , Maisel Katharina , Zamora Sofia , Quintero Stephanie , Racanelli Alexandra C. , Yang Jisheng , D’Armiento Jeanine , Monticelli Laurel , Kahn Mark L. , Choi Augustine M. K. , Santambrogio Laura , Reed Hasina Outtz 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature is critical for lung function, but defects in lymphatic function in the pathogenesis of lung disease is understudied. In mice, lymphatic dysfunction alone is sufficient to cause lung injury that resembles human emphysema. Whether lymphatic function is disrupted in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema is unknown. In this study, we investigated lung lymphatic function in the pathogenesis of CS-induced emphysema. Analysis of human lung tissue revealed significant lung lymphatic thrombosis in patients with emphysema compared to control smokers that increased with disease severity. In vitro assays demonstrated a direct effect of CS on lymphatic endothelial cell integrity. In a mouse model, CS exposure led to lung lymphatic thrombosis, decreased lymphatic drainage, and impaired leukocyte trafficking that preceded emphysema. Proteomic analysis of lymph confirmed upregulation of coagulation and inflammatory pathways in the lymphatics of CS-exposed mice compared to control mice. These data suggest that CS exposure results in lung lymphatic dysfunction with thrombosis, impaired leukocyte trafficking, and changes in the composition of lymph. In patients with emphysema, lung lymphatic thrombosis is seen with increasing disease severity. These studies for the first time demonstrate lung lymphatic dysfunction after cigarette smoke exposure and suggest a novel component in the pathogenesis of emphysema.
Naturalistic Driving Measures of Route Selection Associate With Resting State Networks in Older Adults
Authors: Wisch Julie K. , Roe Catherine M. , Babulal Ganesh M. , Metcalf Nicholas , Johnson Ann M. , Murphy Samantha , Hicks Jamie , Doherty Jason M. , Morris John C. , Ances Beau M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Within a cohort of cognitively normal older individuals, we compared performance on naturalistic driving with resting state functional connectivity using machine learning. Functional networks associated with the ability to interpret and respond to external sensory stimuli and the ability to multi-task were associated with measures of route selection. Maintenance of these networks may be important for continued preservation of driving abilities. It is possible that targeted interventions could be developed to train these networks.
The Impact of Anastomosis Location in Patients with Lower Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhai Wenyu , Fu Shenshen , Li Xiaoqiang , Duan Fangfang , Liao Hongying , Wang Junye 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSeveral kinds of anastomoses with varying locations that can be performed after the surgical resection of lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic impact of anastomosis locations in these patients who underwent radical esophagectomy.MethodsLower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients which underwent radical esophagectomy and confirmed as microscopically complete resection were retrospectively enrolled. Anastomoses below the aortic arch or below the azygos arch were defined as low anastomosis. Other anastomoses were defined as high anastomosis. Overall survival of these two kinds of anastomoses were analyzed using the log-rank test and Cox regression model.ResultsOf the 781 patients enrolled, 196 and 585 were classified as the low anastomosis and high anastomosis groups, respectively. Overall, the survival time in low anastomosis group (median OS, 36.1 versus 65.4; P=0.01) was shorter than high anastomosis group but no statistical difference was observed in multivariate analysis (P=0.195). Again, no significant difference in survival between low anastomosis and high anastomosis group (median OS, 140.9 versus 124.8; P=0.345) were observed in pT1-T2 subgroup. In pT3-T4 subgroups, patients with low anastomosis group had significantly poorer survival that those with high anastomosis (median OS, 27.1 versus 42.9, P=0.003), even after controlling for other confounders (P=0.026). Notably, the impact of anastomosis location on long-term survival in pT3-4 patients was not significantly modified by nodal status. The internal validation of patients undergoing Sweet approach shown that pT3-T4 patients with high anastomosis had survival advantages (adjusted HR=0.711, 95%CI, 0.601 0.990, P=0.041)ConclusionsFor lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with declared T3-4 status, low anastomosis is associated with worse prognosis and should be avoided.
Clinicopathologic Features and Prognostic Value of DNA Mismatch Repair Statues for Stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ Colorectal Cancer in Northeast China.
Authors: Shang An , Zhao Zeyun , Wang Zhaoyong , Li Donglin , Guo Yu , Qi Rui , Yang Yang , Wang Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background MSI CRCs were associated with better prognosis and limited predictive value for adjuvant chemotherapy. However, whether the same is true in Northeastern China is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of clinicopathologic features and MMR/MSI status determined with immunohistochemistry analysis in Northeast China patients with stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ CRCs. Particularly, we sought to detect the relationship between MMR/MSI status and efficacy of oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine based adjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsIn total, 476 pathological specimens from eligible stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ CRCs were analyzed with IHC between 2016 and 2018, of which 63 CRCs were diagnosed with MMR protein deficiency. Clinicopathological features and overall survival (OS) were compared between these above two groups. Result The incidence of dMMR CRCs in our cohort was 13.2 % (63/476). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed two common dMMR IHC patterns in 63 dMMR CRCs. And dMMR type1 showed a higher proportion of women (P=0.001) and earlier pathological N stage (P=0.075). In the multivariate Cox regression model, POC and dMMR were associated with a favor prognosis in CRC patients with stage II/III (HR 0.47, 95%CI 0.30-0.74, P=.001; HR 0.34, 95%CI 0.14-0.79, P=.013). However, adjuvant chemotherapy based on oxaliplatin and fluorouracil cannot prolong the OS of dMMR CRCs (P=0.182). Conclusions MMR protein appeared distinct associations with tumor staging, serum CEA level and tumor size. And MMR protein was an independent prognostic marker in patients with stage Ⅱ CRC, whereas dMMR CRC patients did not seem to benefit from oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy.
Barley Seedlings in Response to Salinity And Artemisinin Stress in The Present of Freeze-Thaw Stress
Authors: Wei Zhang , Guozhang Bao , Wenyi Tang , Gejun Dai , Jing Xiao , Jiapeng Liu , Zhao Wang , Xi Jinghui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, both the large daily temperature difference and soil salinization make plants susceptible to abiotic stresses such as freeze-thaw and salinity. Meanwhile, crops in this area could be subjected to the influence of artemisinin, an allelochemical exuded by Artemisia annua. In the context of freeze-thaw and salinity stresses, artemisinin was induced as an allelopathy stress factor to explore the physiological response of highland barley, including the relative electrical conductivity (RC), soluble protein (SP) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and water use efficiency (WUE).There data suggested that artemisinin weakened the self-osmotic adjustment ability of seedlings, reducingthe SOD activity in scavenging efficiency of reactive oxygen species, then causing oxidative damage to cell membrane of seedlings, which significantly increases the content of RC and MDA. Artemisinin stress can reduce the WUE of seedlings and weaken the photosynthesis intensity of seedlings as well. In a word, salinitystress and artemisinin respectively showed a synergistic compound relationship with freeze-thaw stress.
MiR-937-3p Promotes Metastasis and Angiogenesis and is Activated by MYC in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Zijian , Chen Ganyi , Chen Yiqian , Guo Zizhang , Chai Hao , Tang Yu , Zheng Lin , Wei Ke , Pan Chunfeng , Ma Zhifei , Zhang Aiping , Xia Yang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still one of the diseases with the highest mortality and morbidity, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the majority of NSCLC. miRNA can be used as a potential biological marker and treatment for lung adenocarcinoma. However, the effect of miR-937-3p to the invasion and metastasis of LUAD cells is not clear.Methods: miRNA microarray is used to analyze the expression of miRNA in lung adenocarcinoma tissue. Transwell, Wound-healing assay and Western blot analysis are used to analyze cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) capabilities. Tubeformation is used to assess angiogenesis ability. In addition, dual luciferase reporter gene detection is used to identify the potential binding between miRNA and target mRNA. In vitro experiments were performed on male BALB/c nude mice by tail vein injection to establish a transplanted tumor model. The CHIP experiment is used to verify the transcription factors of miRNA.Result: In our study, miR-937-3p was high-regulated in LUAD cell lines and tissues, and its expression level was related to tumor progression. We found that miR-937-3p high-expression has an effect on cell invasion and metastasis. In molecular mechanism, miR-937-3p causes SOX11 reduction by directly binding to the 3'-UTR of SOX11.In addition, MYC affects miR-937-3p transcription by binding to its promoter region.Conclusion: Our research shows that miR-937-3p is mediated by MYC and can control the angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis of LUAD by regulating SOX11, which is a therapeutic target and potential biomarker for LUAD.
Soil and Vegetation Patterns Along a Toposequence in a Dolomite Peak-cluster Depression Catchment
Authors: Meng Qingmei , Fu Zhiyong , Wang Sheng , Chen Hongsong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
AimA deeper understanding of relationships between soil and vegetation is a prerequisite for accelerating karst area vegetation restoration. Remarkable achievements have been made at regional and individual plant scales, but research on the relationship between soil and vegetation is insufficient at the hillslope catena scale in karst areas.MethodsSoils and vegetation were investigated along a toposequence (upper-, middle-, lower-slope, and depression) of a dolomite peak-cluster depression catchment.ResultsA continuous soil catena pattern was developed along the toposequence. From the top to bottom of soil catena, soil thickness, fine soil mass ratio, nutrient stocks, and epikarst thickness gradually increased, while gravel mass ratio, pH, and saturated hydraulic conductivity gradually decreased. However, nutrient contents showed no significant change trends along the soil catena. There was a strong spatial association between soil types and dominant vegetation communities. The associations were as follows: herbs associated with entisols in the upper-slope; herbs and shrubs with inceptisols in the middle-slope; shrubs with semi-alfisols in the lower-slope; and trees with alfisols in the depression. ConclusionsThe dolomite rocks displayed an evenly progressive karstification process. This led to an undeveloped underground karstic network incapable of transporting soil materials into underground. Soil materials still accumulated at different topographic positions surface and formed a continuous catena. Parameters for nutrient stock may be more suitable for assessing soil productivity and to guide vegetation restoration key factors in karst regions than nutrient content parameters.
A Giant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Duodenal Origin with Spontaneous Rupture Bleeding: A Case Report
Authors: Han Zheqi , Lu Baochun , Yu Jianhua , Zhu Zhiyang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe duodenum is a rare site of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). The unique anatomical characteristics and rich blood supply of the duodenum make it difficult to treat duodenal GISTs in patients with bleeding.Case presentationHere we report a case of a 76-year-old female was hospitalized with a large GIST that originated in the duodenum. Imaging assessment suggested that the tumor could not be radically resected. However, the tumor was rupturing and bleeding, and therefore pancreaticoduodenectomy had to be performed. After receiving imatinib postoperatively, the patient has recovered during the 1 year after the operation.ConclusionThe results of this case suggest that pancreaticoduodenectomy may be a better choice for duodenal GISTs with rupture and bleeding.