bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A unified probabilistic framework for volcanic hazard and eruption forecasting
Authors: Marzocchi Warner , Selva Jacopo , Jordan Thomas H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The main purpose of this article is to emphasize the
importance of clarifying the probabilistic framework adopted for volcanic
hazard and eruption forecasting. Eruption forecasting and volcanic hazard
analysis seek to quantify the deep uncertainties that pervade the modeling
of pre-, sin-, and post-eruptive processes. These uncertainties can be
differentiated into three fundamental types: (1) the natural variability of
volcanic systems, usually represented as stochastic processes with
parameterized distributions (aleatory variability); (2) the uncertainty in our knowledge of how
volcanic systems operate and evolve, often represented as subjective
probabilities based on expert opinion (epistemic uncertainty); and (3) the possibility that our
forecasts are wrong owing to behaviors of volcanic processes about which we
are completely ignorant and, hence, cannot quantify in terms of
probabilities (ontological error). Here we put forward a probabilistic framework for hazard
analysis recently proposed by Marzocchi and Jordan (2014), which unifies
the treatment of all three types of uncertainty. Within this framework, an
eruption forecasting or a volcanic hazard model is said to be complete only
if it (a) fully characterizes the epistemic uncertainties in the model's
representation of aleatory variability and (b) can be unconditionally tested
(in principle) against observations to identify ontological errors.
Unconditional testability, which is the key to model validation, hinges on
an experimental concept that characterizes hazard events in terms of exchangeable data sequences
with well-defined frequencies. We illustrate the application of this unified
probabilistic framework by describing experimental concepts for the
forecasting of tephra fall from Campi Flegrei. Eventually, this example may
serve as a guide for the application of the same probabilistic framework to
other natural hazards.
Метеорологическая обстановка урбанизированной территории как фактор возникновения у населения заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы
Authors: Колягина Наталия Михайловна , Бережнова Татьяна Александровна , Клепиков Олег Владимирович , Епринцев Сергей Александрович , Шекоян Сюзанна Вазгеновна 
Published: November 2021

Влияние метеорологических условий на интенсивность возникновения заболеваний у населения в настоящее время является одной из активно изучаемых проблем медицинской географии. Несмотря на многочисленность публикаций по данной проблематике, в настоящее время проведено мало исследований, показывающих математические связи обострений болезней сердечно-сосудистой системы у населения крупных городов при воздействии метеорологических условий. В связи с этим авторами поставлена цель: выявить связь обострений болезней сердечно-сосудистой системы с метеорологической обстановкой. В результате проведённых исследований установлено, что исходя из сравнительного анализа числа обращений за медицинской помощью, в неблагоприятные по метеорологическим показателям дни со среднегодовым числом обращений в день, в неблагоприятные по температурным максимумам дни обращаемость пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями за медицинской помощью в 1,1–1,4 раза выше среднегодового показателя; в неблагоприятные по перепадам атмосферного давления дни (на 12–15 мм рт. ст. в течение суток) – в 1,4–2,0 раза. Результаты корреляционного анализа подтвердили гипотезу о влиянии метеорологических условий на обращаемость пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями за медицинской помощью. В практической медицине и геоэкологии все чаще обращается внимание на связь обострений течения заболеваний, ухудшений самочувствия с изменением метеорологических и климатических условий. Существуют понятие метеозависимых состояний организма. Однако Всемирная организация здравоохранения в международной классификации болезней не выделяет самостоятельного диагноза погодообусловленного заболевания и не рассматривает метеозависимые состояния как медицинскую проблему. В зависимости от географического положения территории имеются свои климатические различия, для чего нужно уточнение перечня региональных факторов риска, влияющих на возникновение и обострение течения болезней сердечно-сосудистой системы. В Воронежском регионе таких исследований не проводилось, что подчеркивает значимость работы.
Quevedo ante la silva
Authors: Rey Alfonso 
Published: November 2021

AbstractQuevedo composed a considerable number of silvas pertaining to different fields: 1) the translations and philological comments of Martial, Epictetus and Phocylides, and of Anacreón castellano and Lágrimas de Jeremías; 2) the silva included in Heráclito cristiano; 3) the free adaptation of Statius’ silvas, published as part of Las tres musas últimas castellanas (1670); 4) the satirical poems and burlesque portraits included in manuscript M-139 (olim 108) from Biblioteca de Menéndez Pelayo. This article has a twofold purpose: first, to draw attention to the aforementioned extensive and innovative corpus of the Quevedian silvas, a prominent chapter in 17th Spanish poetry; second, to show the originality of his book of silvae written in imitation of Statius.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Materi Masyarakat Indonesia pada Masa Praaksara di Kelas VII SMPN 2 Lambitu Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Fatimah Fatimah 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa penerapan dan dampak model pembelajaran picture and picture terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPS materi masyarakat Indonesia pada Masa Praaksara kelas VII semester I SMPN 2 Lambitu. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII sebanyak 12 siswa terdiri dari 5 laki-laki dan 7 perempuan. Pada keadaan prasiklus, rata-rata nilai siswa 66 dan ketuntasan klasikal yang dicapai 73%. Sementara kriteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan adalah rata-rata nilai siswa ≥75 dan ketuntasan kasikal ≥85%. Setelah proses awal penelitian, pelaksanaan tindakan dengan memanfaatkan model pembelajaran picture and picture menunjukkan peningkatan pada hasil belajar siswa dan kinerja guru, dimana rata-rata nilai siswa mencapai 82.17 dan prosentase ketuntasan minimal pada 73.68. Peningkatan ini belum mencapai kriteria keberhasilan penelitian, sehingga diteruskan ke siklus II. Pada siklus II, peningkatan juga terjadi pada nilai rata-rata dan ketuntasan klasikal menjadi 87.11 dan 89.47%. Demikian juga dengan kinerja guru, terjadi peningkatan signifikan dari siklus I dan siklus II. Perencanaan pembelajaran meningkat 2,33% dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran meningkat sebesar 1,86%, mencapai indikator yang ditetapkan 90. Demikian juga pelaksanaan pembelajaran siklus II sebesar 97,10 mencapai indikator kinerja yang ditetapkan 90. Dengan perbaikan proses pembelajaran berhasil memenuhi indikator kinerja yang ditentukan. Peningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, disebabkan oleh peningkatan aktivitas pembelajaran siswa, interaksi guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas dengan menggunkan penerapan model pembelajaran picture and picture yang dilaksanakan guru, sesuai dengan nilai kinerja guru. Dengan demikian setelah pelaksanaan perbaikan pembelajaran sampai siklus II, telah mencapai indikator kinerja yang ditetapkan, dan penelitian dianggap telah berhasil.
Relación entre probióticos - postbióticos y sus principales efectos bioactivos
Authors: Bolivar Jacobo Norma Angélica , Reyes Villagrana Raúl Alberto , Chávez-Martínez América 
Published: November 2021

En años actuales y atendiendo las necesidades de los consumidores, se ha incrementado el consumo de alimentos funcionales. Dentro de estos alimentos se encuentran los alimentos que contienen prebióticos y probióticos. Sin embargo, actualmente se han incluido dos términos nuevos, paraprobióticos y postbióticos: los primeros son células microbianas inactivas o no viables, mientras que los postbióticos son factores solubles o metabolitos que son secretados por las bacterias vivas o bien que son liberados después de una lisis celular. Dependiendo de donde se producen los postbióticos se clasifican en metabolitos microbianos (enzimas, lípidos, ácidos orgánicos, polisacáridos y péptidos/proteína) y componentes microbianos (proteínas de superficie celular, ácido lipotéicoico, peptidoglucano, polisacáridos y ácido teicoico). La absorción de estos compuestos se da en las células del intestino, que es donde ejercen su función. Actualmente se emplea el ultrasonido de alta intensidad (UAI) como una herramienta para la obtención de estos compuestos, debido a que este produce un fenómeno llamado cavitación acústica, el cual genera el crecimiento e implosión de burbujas de vapor, generando la formación de poros, también llamada ultrasonoporación, de manera transitoria en la membrana celular, permitiendo con ello el intercambio y liberación de moléculas o postbióticos.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v15i2.836
On the numerical solution of diabatic quasi-geostrophic Omega equation
Authors: SHUKLA J. 
Published: November 2021

The quasi-geostrophic omega equation has been numerically solved to get the vertical velocity distribution in a typical westerly disturbance. The effects of sensible heat and latent heat of condensation are also for a 4-layer model. The computations were performed on HITAC 5020.
The numerically obtained vertical velocity field is in good agreement with the observed weather pattern associated with the middle latitude large-scale disturbance, i.e., ascending motion in front of the trough and downward motion in the rear of the trough.
Forecasting the yield of principal crops in India on the basis of weather -Paddy / Rice
Authors: DAS J. A. , MEHRA A. K. , MADNANI M. L. 
Published: November 2021

By the method of regression analysis, forecast; formulae have been evolved for forecasting yield of autumn paddy/rice in Mysore State using meteorological factors. The study reveals that there is increase in average yield per acre due to technology from early fifties. In Coastal Mysore, restricted rainy days during July to 15 September and frequency of occasions of drought and floods during August and September are the principal weather factors having significant effect on yield. The corresponding factor for Interior Mysore North is occasions of droughts during July to September. In the Interior Mysore South, June and September rainfall have significant effect on yield. By testing the formulae for the yields for 1965 to 1968, it is found that they agree well with the reported yields. All correlation coefficients obtained are significant at 0.1 per cent level.
A meso-scale study of groundwater fluctuations of Delhi in relation to rainfall
Authors: ABBI S. D. S. , GUPTA D. K. , SHARMA J. K. 
Published: November 2021

A study of groundwater level at Delhi in relation to rainfall has been conducted. Groundwater data for the period 1956 to 1966 in respect of 97 bores/holes in Delhi have been processed and synchronised and maps of mean ground-water level for urban Delhi have been prepared at fortnightly intervals for the monsoon period and at monthly intervals for the remaining months of the year. Monthly variations of groundwater levels against distance from river Yamuna have been studied and the distribution of the groundwater slope evaluated.
Inter-relationship between the rainfall arid the groundwater levels has been studied graphically. A regression equation for the estimation of fortnightly groundwater level fluctuations from rainfall amount, duration of rainfall and the level of water in river Yamuna has been formulated and tested for its applicability.
EFFECT OF PRIMING WITH SILVER FIR AND OREGANO ESSENTIAL OILS ON SEED GERMINATION AND VIGOUR OF SILENE SENDTNERI
Authors: Karalija Erna , Pustahija Fatima , Parić Adisa 
Published: November 2021

UDK: 582.661.51:631.53.027]:547.913
In order to investigate the effects of seed priming with silver fir and oregano essential oils on certain important seedling characteristic and seed vigour of interesting endemic and horticultural species Silene sendtneri, an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with three replications. Traits such as germination rate, water content, dry weight, vigour index and photosynthetic pigments were analysed. Results revealed that the seedlings obtained with priming seeds showed increased growth, water content, vigour and photosynthetic pigment contents but decreased germination rate and dry weight compared with that obtained with non-primed seeds. Analysis of seed priming effects had demonstrated even germination rate is smaller the seedling vigour is slightly higher especially with all oregano oil treatments. We suggest that oregano oil has a potential as a priming agent for improvement of seedling synchrony, although at lower rate of germination.
De strijd tegen racisme op en naast het voetbalveld
Authors: De Keyzer Frea 
Published: November 2021

De strijd tegen racisme op en naast het voetbalveld
In deze bijdrage wordt de waardenoverlap inzake racisme tussen voetbal en samenleving verduidelijkt, welke een basis en verklaring vormt voor een repressief optreden van zowel de overheid als de sportwereld binnen een voetbalcontext. De verscheidene (Europese, Belgische en Nederlandse) handhavingsinstrumenten en hun tekortkomingen en uitdagingen komen hierbij aan bod.
Het nieuw opgerichte FIFA Football Tribunal
Authors: Poggenklaas Nick 
Published: November 2021

Het nieuw opgerichte FIFA Football Tribunal. Kort overzicht van de belangrijkste procedurele wijzigingen
Verschillende internationale sportbonden voorzien in mogelijkheden voor geschilbeslechting voor hun leden. FIFA heeft in 2001 de FIFA Dispute Resolution Chamber (FIFA DRC) in het leven geroepen en voorziet haar leden via die instantie in de mogelijkheid voor interne geschilbeslechting. Er worden jaarlijks zo’n 2.000 zaken per jaar aan de FIFA DRC voorgelegd. Deze zaken betreffen arbeidsrechtelijke geschillen met een internationale dimensie, geschillen rondom het afgeven van een internationaal transfercertificaat of geschillen met betrekking tot te betalen opleidingsvergoedingen en solidariteitsbijdragen. In deze bijdrage gaat de auteur kort in op de organisatie van het nieuw opgerichte FIFA Football Tribunal en de belangrijkste procedurele aspecten onder de nieuwe reglementen.
Determining the Impact of Platelet-rich Plasma Therapy on Short-‎term Postoperative Outcomes of Pediatric ‎Tonsillectomy Patients in Egypt
Authors: Saad Hadeer Abd El-moneim , Mandour Mahmoud Fawzy , Behery Abo-Bakr Salah , Sheleb Walaa Abou 
Published: November 2021

Background: Tonsillectomy is considered one of the most common major operations performed in pediatric population. Unfortunately, tonsillectomy is often associated with severe pain that may delay the patient discharge and influence his ability to return to the normal daily activities together with a 2–4% risk of hemorrhage. Among promising healing promoting agents is Platelet-rich plasma (PRP). It is considered as a potential adjuvant therapy improving the healing of surgical wounds and contains multiple growth and healing factors that are released upon their activation.
Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled study carried on forty patients who underwent tonsillectomy alone or adenotonsillectomy. In each patient, PRP was used on one side " test side " and other side was used as a control. The test side was randomly allocated in all patients, so the results will be of the 40 patients, total sides 80, (test side 40; 20 right side and 20 left side).
Results: Our results revealed that mucosal healing was noted to be better in PRP treated side, particularly on 5th and 10th post-operative day, with documented less incidence of secondary post-operative hemorrhage. Pain scores were less on the PRP treated side through the post-operative period, but were statistically significant only on the 5th day postoperative.
Conclusions: The preliminary results from this study, supported by literature, have revealed that PRP was beneficial in the amelioration of post-tonsillectomy pain, improvement of healing and bleeding risk in pediatric tonsillectomy patients.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of some Novel Substituted Indole-Coumarin Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Vawhal Pallavi Kishor , B. Jadhav Shailaja 
Published: November 2021

Aim: In the present work, we have designed and synthesized indole-fused coumarin derivatives as potential antibacterial and antifungal agents.
Place and Duration of Study: The present work was carried out at PEA's Modern college of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi- 411044 between the duration of January-2021 to May-2021.
Methodology: The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity was performed by disc diffusion method. The antibacterial activities were tested using agar nutrient medium against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are representative types of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms respectively. The anti-fungal activity of all the compounds were determined on potato dextrose agar medium against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Clotrimazole 100 μg/ml was used as a standard and DMF was used as control.
Results: It was observed that all the compounds were sensitive to the gram +ve bacteria. Compound 2c, 2e, and 2f were sensitive to gram –ve bacteria. Compounds 2a, 2b, and 2f were sensitive to both the fungal strains while all the derivatives were sensitive to Candida albicans.
Conclusion: From present investigation it has been observed that compound 2f was sensitive against gram +ve, gram –ve, and both the strains of fungal strains. Structurally, compound 2f possess aldehyde functional group at indole nucleus. Therefore, from present study we have concluded that compound 2f is a lead molecule for the further development of potential antibacterial and antifungal agents.
"Restaurantes, Bares e Motéis, é por esses lugares que como": expressões linguísticas de duplo sentido (alimentação e sexualidade) que atravessam questões de gênero em canções brasileiras
Authors: Souza Marcela Rocha de , Veller Salete 
Published: November 2021

A alimentação é um aspecto que caracteriza determinada cultura dentro de um processo sócio-histórico cultural. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa, em uma perspectiva multidisciplinar, é analisar expressões linguísticas sobre alimentação que carregam sentidos relacionados à sexualidade em canções brasileiras. De natureza teórica e abordagem qualitativa, esta pesquisa toma por base a modalidade principal análise de conteúdo, cujo corpus de análise foi organizado com canções da cultura brasileira que apresentam verbos de ação como comer, lamber, chupar, provar, saborear etc. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que, nas canções selecionadas, tais expressões linguísticas marcam uma relação de gênero em que o eu feminino é visto e tratado como um objeto, coisificado em uma condição de passividade nas relações sociais. Conclui-se com base nos resultados que as canções de diferentes estilos mais populares, com uma linguagem mais simples e com expressões linguísticas do senso comum, pode estar contribuindo para reforçar relações de gênero muito próximas àquelas inseridas no modelo patriarcal pelo qual se constituiu a sociedade brasileira.
Evaluation of parameters affecting gamma passing rate in patient‐specific QAs for multiple brain lesions IMRS treatments using ray‐station treatment planning system
Authors: Salari Elahheh , Parsai E. Ishmael , Shvydka Diana , Sperling Nicholas Niven 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeUsing intensity‐modulated radiosurgery (IMRS) with single isocenter for the treatment of multiple brain lesions has gained acceptance in recent years. One of the challenges of this technique is conducting a patient‐specific quality assurance (QA), involving accurate gamma passing rate (GPR) calculations for small and wide spread‐out targets. We evaluated effects of parameters such as dose grid and energy on GPR using our clinical IMRS plans.MethodsTen patients with total of 40 volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans were created in Raystation (V.8A) treatment planning system (TPS) for the Varian Edge Linac using 6 and 10 flattening filter‐free (FFF) beams and planned dose grids of 1 mm and 2 mm resulting in four plans with 6–10 targets per patient. All parameters and objectives except dose grid and energy were kept the same in all plans. Next, patient‐specific QAs were measured evaluating GPR with 10% threshold, 3%/3 mm objective, and an acceptance criterion of 95%. Modulation factors (MF) and confidence intervals were calculated. Two modes of measurements, standard density (SD) and high density (HD), were used.ResultsGenerally, plans computed with 1 mm dose grid have higher GPRs than those with 2 mm dose grid for both energies used. The GPRs of 6 FFF plans were higher than those of 10 FFF plans. GPR showed no noticeable difference between HD and SD measurements. Negative correlation between MF and GPR was observed. The HD pass rates fall within the confidence interval of SD.ConclusionCalculated dose grid should be less than or equal to one‐third of distance to agreement, thus 1 mm planned dose grid is recommended to reduce artifacts in gamma calculation. GPR of SD and HD measurement modes is almost the same, which indicates that SD mode is clinically preferable for performing patient‐specific QAs. According to our results, using 6 FFF beams with 1 mm planned dose grid is more accurate and reliable for dose calculation of IMRS plans.
Interface Modeling via Tailored Energy Band Alignment: Toward Electrochemically Stabilized All‐Solid‐State Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Kim Heebae , Im Changik , Ryu Seokgyu , Gong Yong Jun , Cho Jinil , Pyo Seonmi , Yun Heejun , Lee Jeewon , Yoo Jeeyoung , Kim Youn Sang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInterfacial instability between Li‐metal anode (LMA) and inorganic solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) is a critical issue in all‐solid‐state Li‐metal batteries (ASSLBs). Previous studies have focused on interface modification methodology to achieve long‐term cycling stability in ASSLBs. However, strategy establishment without an in‐depth understanding of the LMA–SSE interface is limited to a phenomenological solution. Also, the fact that rechargeable batteries are operated by behavior of charges inside electric field is frequently overlooked. Here, it is demonstrated for the first time that interface modeling based on energy band theory does effectively overcome the intrinsic vulnerability of SSE to LMA. The interfacial deterioration, due to undesirable electron transport from LMA to the SSE surface, is precluded by a titanium compound self‐induced interlayer (TSI), which forms an interfacial energy barrier. The Li symmetric cell with a TSI successfully maintains its constant overpotential over 1000 cycles and the significantly reduced impedance, whereas the cell having no interface modification exhibits erratic voltage profiles and is easily failed by repetitive charge–discharge process. This newly introduced approach is an informative tool to substantially reinforce the fundamental understanding of interfacial phenomena in all‐solid‐state batteries. Furthermore, rigorous stability requirements of automotive applications are expected to be fulfilled by the innovative interface modification.