bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Type 2 Diabetes, According to the Number of Risk Factors Within Target Range, With Structural Brain Abnormalities, Cognitive Performance, and Risk of Dementia
Authors: van Gennip April C.E. , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , van Boxtel Martin P.J. , Verhey Frans R.J. , Koster Annemarie , Kroon Abraham A. , Köhler Sebastian , van Greevenbroek Marleen M.J. , Wesselius Anke , Eussen Simone J.P.M. , Backes Walter H. , Jansen Jacobus F. , Schram Miranda T. , Henry Ronald M.A. , Singh-Manoux Archana , van Sloten Thomas T. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVEType 2 diabetes is associated with increased risks of cognitive dysfunction and brain abnormalities. The extent to which risk factor modification can mitigate these risks is unclear. We investigated the associations between incident dementia, cognitive performance, and brain abnormalities among individuals with type 2 diabetes, according to the number of risk factors on target, compared with control subjects without diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSProspective data were from UK Biobank of 87,856 individuals (n = 10,663 diabetes, n = 77,193 control subjects; baseline 2006–2010), with dementia follow-up until February 2018. Individuals with diabetes were categorized according to the number of seven selected risk factors within the guideline-recommended target range (nonsmoking; guideline-recommended levels of glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure, BMI, albuminuria, physical activity, and diet). Outcomes were incident dementia, domain-specific cognitive performance, white matter hyperintensities, and total brain volume.RESULTSAfter a mean follow-up of 9.0 years, 147 individuals (1.4%) with diabetes and 412 control subjects (0.5%) had incident dementia. Among individuals with diabetes, excess dementia risk decreased stepwise for a higher number of risk factors on target. Compared with control subjects (incidence rate per 1,000 person-years 0.62 [95% CI 0.56; 0.68]), individuals with diabetes who had five to seven risk factors on target had no significant excess dementia risk (absolute rate difference per 1,000 person-years 0.20 [−0.11; 0.52]; hazard ratio 1.32 [0.89; 1.95]). Similarly, differences in processing speed, executive function, and brain volumes were progressively smaller for a higher number of risk factors on target. These results were replicated in the Maastricht Study.CONCLUSIONSAmong individuals with diabetes, excess dementia risk, lower cognitive performance, and brain abnormalities decreased stepwise for a higher number of risk factors on target.
Diabetes Microvascular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment After High-Deductible Health Plan Enrollment
Authors: Wharam J. Frank , Wallace Jamie , Argetsinger Stephanie , Zhang Fang , Lu Christine Y. , Stryjewski Tomasz P. , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Newhouse Joseph P. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVEThe Affordable Care Act mandates that primary preventive services have no out-of-pocket costs but does not exempt secondary prevention from out-of-pocket costs. Most commercially insured patients with diabetes have high-deductible health plans (HDHPs) that subject key microvascular disease–related services to high out-of-pocket costs. Brief treatment delays can significantly worsen microvascular disease outcomes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis cohort study used a large national commercial (and Medicare Advantage) health insurance claims data set to examine matched groups before and after an insurance design change. The study group included 50,790 patients with diabetes who were continuously enrolled in low-deductible (≤$500) health plans during a baseline year, followed by up to 4 years in high-deductible (≥$1,000) plans after an employer-mandated switch. HDHPs had low out-of-pocket costs for nephropathy screening but not retinopathy screening. A matched control group included 335,178 patients with diabetes who were contemporaneously enrolled in low-deductible plans. Measures included time to first detected microvascular disease screening, severe microvascular disease diagnosis, vision loss diagnosis/treatment, and renal function loss diagnosis/treatment.RESULTSHDHP enrollment was associated with relative delays in retinopathy screening (0.7 months [95% CI 0.4, 1.0]), severe retinopathy diagnosis (2.9 months [0.5, 5.3]), and vision loss diagnosis/treatment (3.8 months [1.2, 6.3]). Nephropathy-associated measures did not change to a statistically significant degree among HDHP members relative to control subjects at follow-up.CONCLUSIONSPeople with diabetes in HDHPs experienced delayed retinopathy diagnosis and vision loss diagnosis/treatment of up to 3.8 months compared with low-deductible plan enrollees. Findings raise concerns about visual health among HDHP members and call attention to discrepancies in Affordable Care Act cost sharing exemptions.
The Effect of Discontinuing Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Basal Insulin
Authors: Aleppo Grazia , Beck Roy W. , Bailey Ryan , Ruedy Katrina J. , Calhoun Peter , Peters Anne L. , Pop-Busui Rodica , Philis-Tsimikas Athena , Bao Shichun , Umpierrez Guillermo , Davis Georgia , Kruger Davida , Bhargava Anuj , Young Laura , Buse John B. , McGill Janet B. , Martens Thomas , Nguyen Quang T. , Orozco Ian , Biggs William , Lucas K. Jean , Polonsky William H. , Price David , Bergenstal Richard M. ,   MOBILE Study Group, Martens Thomas , Carlson Anders , Bergenstal Richard M. , Chambers Sharon , Yang Shoua , Young Laura , Buse John , Kirkman M. Sue , Kass Alexander , Fraser Rachael , Kruger Davida , Cushman Terra , Davis Georgia , Ramos Clementina , Umpierrez Guillermo , Peters Anne L. , Magar Maria , Walker Martha , Serafin-Dokhan Sara , McGill Janet B. , Salam Maamoun , Hurst Stacy , Clifton Mary Jane , Aleppo Grazia , Kravarusic Jelena , Bansal Anupam , Fulkerson Candice , Pop-Busui Rodica , Ang Lynn , Richardson Caroline , Mizokami-Stout Kara , Reiss Jake , Leone Virginia , Bhargava Anuj , Stifel Kirstie , Philis-Tsimikas Athena , Dailey George , Change Amy , McCallum James , Garcia Maria Isabel , Bao Shichun , Davis Dianne , Lovell Cynthia , Root Connie , Biggs William , Toler Freida , Wilhelm Lori , Eifert Robin , Murguia Lorena , Cota Becky , Nguyen Quang T. , Nguyen Loida , Lipski Randie , Orozco Ian , Lawrence Mary Katherine , Fournier Adelle , Carter Matthew , Lucas K. Jean , Hoover Stephanie , Beck Roy W. , Ruedy Katrina J. , Calhoun Peter , Bailey Ryan , Cohen Nathan , Mouse Thomas , Rusnak Jessica , Campos Tiffany , Price David , Njeru Nelly , Arant Tom , Beck Stayce E. , Balo Andrew 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
To explore the effect of discontinuing continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) after 8 months of CGM use in adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal without bolus insulin.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This multicenter trial had an initial randomization to either real-time CGM or blood glucose monitoring (BGM) for 8 months followed by 6 months in which the BGM group continued to use BGM (n = 57) and the CGM group was randomly reassigned either to continue CGM (n = 53) or discontinue CGM with resumption of BGM for glucose monitoring (n = 53).

RESULTS
In the group that discontinued CGM, mean time in range (TIR) 70–180 mg/dL, which improved from 38% before initiating CGM to 62% after 8 months of CGM, decreased after discontinuing CGM to 50% at 14 months (mean change from 8 to 14 months −12% [95% CI −21% to −3%], P = 0.01). In the group that continued CGM use, little change was found in TIR from 8 to 14 months (baseline 44%, 8 months 56%, 14 months 57%, mean change from 8 to 14 months 1% [95% CI −11% to 12%], P = 0.89). Comparing the two groups at 14 months, the adjusted treatment group difference in mean TIR was −6% (95% CI −16% to 4%, P = 0.20).

CONCLUSIONS
In adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin who had been using real-time CGM for 8 months, discontinuing CGM resulted in a loss of about one-half of the initial gain in TIR that had been achieved during CGM use.
Avances en el desarrollo de nuevos herbicidas biológicos a partir de extractos vegetales fitotóxicos aplicados in vitro
Authors: Cruz-Ortiz Luis , Flores-Méndez Mariana 
Published: September 2021

La agricultura es afectada por la aparición de malezas que reducen la producción de los cultivos, estas se controlan con químicos agrícolas que desequilibran el ambiente y la salud humana. Recientemente se ha reportado el empleo de extractos biológicos de plantas, donde se demuestra que poseen propiedades bioactivas fitotóxicas que alteran la estructura celular, por lo que surge la necesidad de extraer los compuestos bioactivos de estos, con el fin de producir y aplicar bioherbicidas potentes, que inhiban la propagación de malezas que perturban los sembradíos. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue reportar los avances en el desarrollo de nuevos herbicidas biológicos, a partir de extractos vegetales fitotóxicos aplicados in vitro. La presente revisión describe los compuestos con capacidad fitotóxica en las plantas y su actividad biológica fitotóxica, como los polifenoles, taninos, alcaloides, quinonas, saponinas antagónicas y los glucósidos, por mencionar algunos, mediante los métodos experimentales más usados, que incluyen la extracción, la determinación y la cuantificación de los metabolitos. Además, se hace mención de las variables respuestas que se consideraron para evaluar el efecto de estas sustancias activas biológicas, donde se incluyen el porcentaje de inhibición de la germinación, el crecimiento y la longitud radical en plantas.
如何在疫情中幫助長者面對死亡？香港基督徒的倫理困擾
Authors: WU Carrie Ho Yee 
Published: September 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
自17世紀以來，基督教信仰一直對香港産生重大影響。從那時起，許多醫院和組織都秉持基督教倫理精神來幫助有需要的人。尤其是臨終的關懷。在過去的一年半Covid-19疫情中，建立多年的醫療系統面對非常嚴峻的挑戰。對於在香港醫院面臨死亡的老人及其家人來説，尤其困難。本文研究了基督教信仰中“善終”的概念，以及老年人及其家人在這個疫情時期面臨的道德困境。作者認為，患者和家屬從身體到靈性需求不應該以公共衛生的名義被犧牲掉。在疫情中，我們更需要基督教的精神和關懷倫理。
Christian faith has been a crucial influence on the cultural and ethical formation of Hong Kong since the 17th century, and many hospitals and institutions for elderly palliative care are associated with Christian churches. However, the past one and a half year have been a challenge because of the global covid-19 pandemic. The situation has been particularly difficult for the elderly facing their death as well as for their family members. This paper therefore investigates the concept of a “good death” in Christian ethics and how Christians should practice the ethic of care during the pandemic. The author contends that we should not ignore the great physical and mental needs of these elderly people and their families in the name of public health concerns.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОТБОРА И ПОДГОТОВКИ СЫРЬЯ ГОНЧАРАМИ БОЛГАРА: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПЕТРОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА
Authors: Куклина Анна Александровна , Андрушкевич Олег Юрьевич 
Published: September 2021

Исследование вопросов технологии является одним из приоритетных направлений в изучении гончарства Волжской Булгарии. Петрография значительно дополняет результаты, полученные с помощью классических методов археологии. В ходе проведенных исследований петрографических шлифов керамики I группы Болгарского городища были получены данные относительно трех основных параметров: глинистое вещество, примеси (искусственные и природные) и поровое пространство. В процессе были определены некоторые закономерности использования гончарами Болгара различных видов исходного сырья. Исследование минеральных примесей позволило сделать некоторые выводы о его источниках. Различные виды поровых образований, зафиксированные в шлифах общеболгарской керамики, дают представление о технологии сушки и обжига изделий. В целом результаты петрографии подтверждают сделанные ранее наблюдения об использовании различных видов сырья и технологических приемов в среде гончаров, изготавливавших керамику I группы в Болгаре.
ЛИТЕРАТУРАБахматова В.Н., Куклина А.А. О связи технологии изготовления общеболгарских керамических сосудов с их функциональным предназначением: характеристика формовочных масс (по материалам исследования Болгарского городища 2011-2012 гг.) // Поволжская археология. 2014. №2(8). С. 230–255.Внуков С.Ю. Причерноморские амфоры I в. до н.э. – II в. н.э. Ч. II. Петрография, хронология, проблемы торговли. СПб.: Алетейя, 2006. 320 с.Герман К.Э., Кулькова М.А. Новые петрографические исследования керамики сперрингс с памятников бассейна Онежского озера // Ученые записки Петрозаводского государственного университета. 2019. № 6 (183). С. 12−21.Куклина А.А. Неполивная керамика Болгара с раскопов в юго-восточной части городища (по материалам раскопов CCXVI, CCXXI, CCXXIII 2016 г.) // Археология Евразийских степей. 2018. №5. С. 185−192.Куклина А.А. Новые исследования общеболгарской керамики: историко-культурный подход. // Поволжская археология. 2020. №2. С. 228–237.Кулькова М.А. Петрографический анализ в оценке формовочных масс при изучении древней глиняной посуды // Самарский научный вестник. 2015. №3 (12). С. 100−107.
PENGARUH COUNTRY OF ORIGIN EKUITAS MEREKTERHADAP LOYALITAS MELALUI KEPUASAN KONSUMEN MA YBELLINE SAMARINDA
Authors: Irma Aprianti Dian , Desliani Dhea 
Published: September 2021

Pengaruh Country of origin ekuitas merek terhadap loyalitas melalui kepuasan konsumen adalah topic yang diambil dalam penelitian ini, dengan orientasi bahwa penulis akan menguraikan bagaimana pengaruh veriabel tersebut terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen pada kosmetik Maybelline yang ada di Samarinda.
Hasil penelitian ini yaitu variabel X1 yaitu Country Of Origin dan X2 yaitu Ekuitas Merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel Y1 yaitu kepuasan konsumen, untuk uji F atas variabel X terhadap Y1 hasilnya menunjukkan ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Y1 yaitu loyalitas konsumen, sedangkan untuk variabel Y1 terhadap Y2 yaitu loyalitas konsumen hasilnya positif dan signifikan. pada penelitian ini hasil yang didapat yaitu loyalitas konsumen pada produk kosmetik Maybelline akan tercipta apabila terjadi kepuasan konsumen.
PENGARUH ARUS KAS OPERASI DAN LABA BERSIH TERHADAP DIVIDEN KAS PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2017-2020
Authors: Sampe Buntu Oks Fatima , Riyanto Agus 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui pengaruh arus kas operasi dan laba bersih terhadap dividen kas pada Perusahaan LQ45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020. Dalam penelitian ini populasi yang di gunakan berjumlah 45 perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI. Dari 45 perusahaan ada 14 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dan metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 28. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu variabel independent (arus kas operasi dan laba bersih) sedangkan variabel dependen (dividen kas).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Arus kas operasi secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap dividen kas pada perusahaan LQ45 di BEI periode 2017-2020 dengan nilai signifikasi (sig) sebesar 0,078 > 0,05. Sedangkan laba bersih berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap dividen kas pada perusahaan LQ45 di BEI periode 2017-2020 dengan nilai signifikan (sig) sebesar 0,043 < 0,05. Sedangkan secara simultan arus kas operasi dan laba bersih berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap dividen kas pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020, dengan nilai signifikasi adalah sebesar 0,007 < 0,05.

Kata Kunci: Arus kas operasi, laba bersih dan dividen kas.
Pengaruh dari Brand Trust, Brand Image, dan Reputation terhadap Brand Loyalty Kopi Lokal di Jakarta
Authors: Jastine Varian 
Published: September 2021

The key to the success of a business or company is none other than brand loyalty by customers. So, the increase in brand loyalty needs to be considered. Some factors can affect the increase in brand loyalty. Brand loyalty can be influenced by several factors such as brand trust, brand image, and brand reputation. This study will discuss the effect of brand trust, brand image, and brand reputation on local coffee brand loyalty in Jakarta. Sampling using non-probability sampling with a purposive method to obtain appropriate characteristics for researchers. Respondents are local coffee consumers who live in Jakarta and are aged under 18-25 years and over as many as 140 respondents. The data analysis technique uses structural equation modeling. The results of this study indicate that brand trust, brand image, and brand reputation have a positive effect on brand loyalty. Kunci dari kesuksesan suatu bisnis atau perusahaan tidak lain adalah loyalitas merek oleh pelanggan. Maka, peningkatan terhadap loyalitas merek perlu untuk diperhatikan. Terdapat faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatkan loyalitas merek tersebut. Brand loyalty dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti brand trust, brand image, dan brand reputation. Penelitian ini akan membahas pengaruh dari brand trust, brand image dan brand reputation terhadap brand loyalty kopi lokal di Jakarta. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan metode purposive untuk mendapatkan karakterisik yang sesuai bagi peneliti. Responden merupakan konsumen kopi lokal yang berdomisili di Jakarta dan berusia dibawah 18 – 25 tahun ke atas sebanyak 140 responden. Teknik analisa data menggunakan pemodelan persamaan struktural. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa brand trust, brand image dan brand reputation berpengaruh secara positif terhadap brand loyalty.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, dan Assets Growth terhadap Kebijakan Dividen pada Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2009-2018
Authors: Setyadi Ricky Wijaya , Yanuar Yanuar 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this cognate is to inspect the influence of profitability, liquidity, and assets growth toward dividend policy on banking sector companies owned by the Indonesian government which is listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange for ten years continuously from 2009 until 2018. The sample was determined by the purposeful distribution adjustment and the model is tested using the multiple linear regression method Eviews 11.00. The total sample ate 40 samples. Supported on the result the cognate it was establish that profitability and liqudity highly significant relationship on dividend policy, while growth show an insignificant relationship and have no impact on the dividend policy. This study provides input that investors in the capital market and company management should pay attention to the profitability and liquidity variables when investing in stocks, especially stocks in the banking sector because these variables have a significant effect on banking. Riset ini bertujuan buat mencari tahu pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas serta assets growth terhadap kebijakan dividen pada perusahaan perbankan milik pemerintah (BUMN) yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 10 tahun berturut-turut dari tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2018. Tata cara pengambilan sampel adalah dengan menggunakan tata cara purposive sampling dan model diuji dengan tata cara regresi linier berganda dengan program Eviews 11.00. Jumlah sampel adalah sebanyak 40 sampel. Berdasarkan riset yang dilakukan, ditemui kalau profitabilitas dan likuiditas. memilikimpengaruh. signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen., sedangkan assets growth tidak memiliki pengaruhmsignifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen. Studi ini memberikan masukan sebaiknya investor di pasar modal dan Managemen perusahaan, sebaiknya memperhatikan variabel Profitabilitas dan likuiditas ketika akan melakukan investasi pada saham khususnya pada saham sektor perbankan, karena variabel ini memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap perbankan.
Effect of Product Quality, Brand Image, and Brand Trust on Purchase Intention of SK-II Skincare Products Brand in Jakarta
Authors: Then Nelly , Johan Suwinto 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of product quality, brand image, brand trust on purchase intention of SK-II skincare products in Jakarta. The independent variable in this research is product quality, brand image, brand trust, and the dependent variable in this research is purchase intention. The sampling technique used in this research is nonprobability sampling by purposive sampling using a quantitative approach. The data collection method was distributed questionnaires to consumers/users of SK-II skincare products in Jakarta with a target of 135 respondents, but only 121 respondents collected, valid data only 100 respondents. The research data was analyzed using the SmartPLS application. Based on the results of the research, it showed that brand image and brand trust have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, while product quality has no significant effect on purchase intention. To increase customer purchase intention, companies should pay attention to brand trust because brand trust is the vriable that most influences purchase intention. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh kualitas produk, citra merek, kepercayaan merek terhadap niat membeli produk skincare merek SK-II di Jakarta. Variabel independent pada penelitian ini adalah kualitas produk, citra merek, kepercayaan merek, dan variabel dependen pada penelitian ini adalah niat membeli. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah nonprobability sampling dengan cara purposive sampling dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada konsumen / pengguna produk skincare merek SK-II di Jakarta dengan target 135 respomden, namun yang terkumpul hanya 121 responden, data yang valid hanya 100 responden. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan aplikasi SmartPLS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa citra merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat membeli, sedangkan kualitas produk tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat membeli. Untuk meningkatkan niat beli pelanggan, perusahaan harus memberikan perhatian besar pada kepercayaan merek karena kepercayaan merek merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap niat membeli.
Mathematical modeling and optimization of semi-regenerative catalytic reforming of naphtha
Authors: Ivanchina Emilia , Chernyakova Ekaterina , Pchelintseva Inna , Poluboyartsev Dmitry 
Published: September 2021

Catalytic naphtha reforming is extensively applied in petroleum refineries and petrochemical industries to convert low-octane naphtha into high-octane gasoline. Besides, this process is an important source of hydrogen and aromatics obtained as side products. The bifunctional Pt-catalysts for reforming are deactivated by coke formation during an industrial operation. This results to a reduction in the yield and octane number. In this paper modeling and optimization of a semi-egenerative catalytic reforming of naphtha is carried out considering catalyst deactivation and a complex multicomponent composition of a hydrocarbon mixture. The mathematical model of semi-egenerative catalytic reforming considering coke formation process was proposed. The operating parameters (yield, octane number, activity) for different catalysts were predicted and optimized. It was found that a decrease in the pressure range from 1.5 to 1.2 MPa at the temperature 478–481 °C and feedstock space velocity equal to 1.4–1 h induces an increase in the yield for 1–2 wt.% due to an increase in the aromatization reactions rate and a decrease in the hydrocracking reactions rate depending on the feedstock composition and catalyst type. It is shown that the decrease in pressure is limited by the requirements for the catalyst stability due to the increase in the coke formation rate. The criterion of optimality is the yield, expressed in octanes per tons.