bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mutual predictability of Bitcoin and web search dynamics
Authors: Süssmuth Bernd 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEconomic theory predicts the price dynamics of an unbacked asset to be inherently unforecastable. The same applies to exchange rates of unbacked currencies. Albeit, empirically investors are found to be driven by online and offline news media. This study analyzes the Bitcoin cryptocurrency price series and web search queries with regard to their mutual predictability and cause‐effect delay structure. Chinese Baidu engine searches and compounded Baidu–Google search statistics predict Bitcoin price dynamics at relatively high frequencies ranging from 2 to 5 months. In the other direction, Granger‐causality runs from the cryptocurrency price to queries statistics across nearly all frequencies. In both directions, the reaction time computed from a phase delay measure for the relevant frequency bands with significant causality ranges from about 1 to 4 months. For either direction, out‐of‐sample forecasts are more accurate than forecasts of a benchmark stochastic process. Bivariate models including the Baidu Search Index slightly outperform competing models that include a Baidu–Google composite index. Predictive power seems less diluted if the September 2017 trade regulations by the Chinese government are controlled for.
Follistatin‐controlled activin‐HNF4α‐coagulation factor axis in liver progenitor cells determines outcome of acute liver failure
Authors: Lin Tao , Wang Shanshan , Munker Stefan , Jung Kyounghwa , Macías‐Rodríguez Ricardo U. , Ruiz‐Margáin Astrid , Schierwagen Robert , Liu Hui , Shao Chen , Fan Chunlei , Feng Rilu , Yuan Xiaodong , Wang Sai , Wandrer Franziska , Meyer Christoph , Wimmer Ralf , Liebe Roman , Kroll Jens , Zhang Long , Schiergens Tobias , ten Dijke Peter , Teufel Andreas , Marx Alexander , Mertens Peter R. , Wang Hua , Ebert Matthias P.A. , Bantel Heike , N. De Toni Enrico , Trebicka Jonel , Dooley Steven , Shin Donghun , Ding Huiguo , Weng Hong‐Lei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
In patients with acute liver failure (ALF) who suffer from massive hepatocyte loss, liver progenitor cells (LPCs) take over key hepatocyte functions, which ultimately determines survival. This study investigated how the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), its regulators, and targets in LPCs determines clinical outcome of patients with ALF.

Approach and Results
Clinicopathological associations were scrutinized in 19 patients with ALF (9 recovered and 10 receiving liver transplantation). Regulatory mechanisms between follistatin, activin, HNF4α, and coagulation factor expression in LPC were investigated in vitro and in metronidazole‐treated zebrafish. A prospective clinical study followed up 186 patients with cirrhosis for 80 months to observe the relevance of follistatin levels in prevalence and mortality of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure. Recovered patients with ALF robustly express HNF4α in either LPCs or remaining hepatocytes. As in hepatocytes, HNF4α controls the expression of coagulation factors by binding to their promoters in LPC. HNF4α expression in LPCs requires the forkhead box protein H1–Sma and Mad homolog 2/3/4 transcription factor complex, which is promoted by the TGF‐β superfamily member activin. Activin signaling in LPCs is negatively regulated by follistatin, a hepatocyte‐derived hormone controlled by insulin and glucagon. In contrast to patients requiring liver transplantation, recovered patients demonstrate a normal activin/follistatin ratio, robust abundance of the activin effectors phosphorylated Sma and Mad homolog 2 and HNF4α in LPCs, leading to significantly improved coagulation function. A follow‐up study indicated that serum follistatin levels could predict the incidence and mortality of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure.

Conclusions
These results highlight a crucial role of the follistatin‐controlled activin‐HNF4α‐coagulation axis in determining the clinical outcome of massive hepatocyte loss‐induced ALF. The effects of insulin and glucagon on follistatin suggest a key role of the systemic metabolic state in ALF.
WNT7B Regulates Cholangiocyte Proliferation and Function During Murine Cholestasis
Authors: Kosar Karis , Cornuet Pamela , Singh Sucha , Lee Elizabeth , Liu Silvia , Gayden Jenesis , Sato Toshifumi , Freyberg Zachary , Arteel Gavin , Nejak‐Bowen Kari 
Published: August 2021

We previously identified an up‐regulation of specific Wnt proteins in the cholangiocyte compartment during cholestatic liver injury and found that mice lacking Wnt secretion from hepatocytes and cholangiocytes showed fewer proliferating cholangiocytes and high mortality in response to a 3,5‐diethoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dihydrocollidine (DDC) diet, a murine model of primary sclerosing cholangitis. In vitro studies demonstrated that Wnt7b, one of the Wnts up‐regulated during cholestasis, induces proliferation of cholangiocytes in an autocrine manner and increases secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that loss of Wnt7b may exacerbate some of the complications of cholangiopathies by decreasing the ability of bile ducts to induce repair. Wnt7b‐flox mice were bred with Krt19‐cre mice to deplete Wnt7b expression in only cholangiocytes (CC) or with albumin‐Cre mice to delete Wnt7b expression in both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes (HC + CC). These mice were placed on a DDC diet for 1 month then killed for evaluation. Contrary to our expectations, we found that mice lacking Wnt7b from CC and HC + CC compartments had improved biliary injury, decreased cellular senescence, and lesser bile acid accumulation after DDC exposure compared to controls, along with decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines. Although Wnt7b knockout (KO) resulted in fewer proliferating cholangiocytes, CC and HC + CC KO mice on a DDC diet also had more hepatocytes expressing cholangiocyte markers compared to wild‐type mice on a DDC diet, indicating that Wnt7b suppression promotes hepatocyte reprogramming. Conclusion: Wnt7b induces a proproliferative proinflammatory program in cholangiocytes, and its loss is compensated for by conversion of hepatocytes to a biliary phenotype during cholestatic injury.
Logic devices based on nucleic acid self‐assembly
Authors: Xu Xuehui , Shang Yingxu , Liu Fengsong , Jiang Qiao , Ding Baoquan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNucleic acids are natural macromolecules with the ability to store and transmit information based on the strict base‐pairing principle. Beyond the natural nucleic acid double helixes, various DNA/RNA nanostructures with customized geometries and functionalities have been fabricated. Featured with programmability and sequence‐dependent responsiveness, DNA/RNA nanostructures have been employed for the rational design and construction of logic devices. When stimulated by internal molecular triggers and/or external stimuli, these logic gate devices can operate at nanoscale level in complex biological environments, performing logic operations and producing corresponding outputs. In this minireview, we summarize the recent advances of nucleic acid logic devices, which are responsive to various stimuli, including DNA/RNA strands, metal ions, small molecules, peptides, proteins, photo‐irradiation, pH changes, and so forth. The applications of these devices in biosensing and biofunction regulation are also included. In the last part of the present study, we discuss the remaining challenges and perspectives of nucleic acid logic devices.image
Property‐oriented basis sets for computation of atomization energies
Authors: García Victor , Zorrilla David , Fernández Manuel , Sánchez‐Márquez Jesús 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe SBO4‐DZ(d,p)‐3G basis sets introduced in a previous paper have been modified to improve their performance in the calculation of the atomization energies of organic molecules (pure or substituted hydrocarbons). The first step was to explore the possibility of improving those basis sets by adding a second D shell. The scale factor for an additional “D‐3G” shell was first studied by minimizing the total energies. In a second step, the scale factor was calculated by optimizing atomization energies directly (instead total energies). This way the results obtained were very similar to those of the cc‐pV5Z basis sets. Finally, we optimized simplified box orbital (SBO) basis sets for different methods obtaining optimal SBO basis sets for HF, DFTs, and MP2.
Synthesis, characterization, theoretical study and biological activity studies of the mercury (II) complexes of 5‐methyl‐5‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐hydantoin
Authors: Vatannavaz Leila , Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Sedghi Asieh , Karamian Roya , Farida Seyed Hamed Moazzami , Rahmani Nosrat 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNew complexes of 5‐methyl‐5‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐hydantoin (L) with HgX2 (X = Cl−, Br−, and I−) were synthesized and characterized by several means including Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), mass, CHN, and Energy Dispersive X‐ray analysis. The spectroscopic data verified the coordination of (L) to the Hg (II) metal centers from the oxygen atom of the carbonyl functional group. The resulting data show that the prepared complexes (1), (2), and (3) have a monodentate coordination mode to metal center and structures showing X‐bridged dimers. The cytotoxicity of the prepared complexes was investigated against cancer cell lines including MCF‐7 (breast), A549 (lung), and AGS (gastric) adenocarcinoma cells. The obtained data showed that complexes (1) and (2) represent a higher cytotoxic effect against the tested cells. Also, the antioxidant behavior study displayed notable antioxidant potencies for complexes (1) and (2) in comparison with ascorbic acid, as a standard. Also, for the theoretical study, density functional theory calculations at the BP86/def2‐SVP level of theory were applied. The strength and nature of donor−acceptor bonds between (L) and Hg fragments in the system of [L → HgX2]2 were performed by the use of the natural bond orbital analysis, energy decomposition analysis, and their natural orbitals for chemical valence variation.
Eriobotrya japonica assisted green synthesis of g‐C3N4 nanocomposites and its exceptional photoactivities for doxycycline and rhodamine B degradation with mechanism insight
Authors: Khan Shoaib , Wan Chunpeng , Chen Jinyin , Khan Iltaf , Luo Mingsheng , Wang Chunjuan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this novel research work, for the first time, green g‐C3N4 nanocomposites have been synthesized by utilizing Eriobotrya japonica as a stabilizer and mediator. Based on DRS absorbance spectra, TGA, fluorescence spectra related to •OH amount, photoelectrochemical curves, TPD, and BET results, it has been confirmed the Eriobotrya japonica mediated green g‐C3N4 (G‐CNS) nanosheets are efficient, stable, and more than 2.4 times enhancement in activities as compared with conventional chemically synthesized g‐C3N4 nanosheets. In order to further improve the performance, the as‐synthesized green g‐C3N4 was modified with SnO2 nanosheets. Our results confirmed that coupling of SnO2 nanosheets prolonged the lifetime of charge carriers and provided catalytic function. Compared with pristine G‐CNS, the photocatalytic activity of the resulting 5SO/G‐CNS improved by 2.3 and 2.6 times, for doxycycline and rhodamine B degradation, respectively. In addition, the possible photodegradation pathway for doxycycline and RhB mineralization is proposed. Finally, this novel work will provide a new platform for the efficient green synthesis of g‐C3N4 based nanocomposite and its utilization for environmental remediation.
Clinical response of vedolizumab at week 6 predicted endoscopic remission at week 24 in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Saito Daisuke , Matsuura Minoru , Ozaki Ryo , Tokunaga Sotaro , Minowa Shintaro , Mitsui Tatsuya , Miura Miki , Sakuraba Akihito , Hayashida Mari , Miyoshi Jun , Hisamatsu Tadakazu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimVedolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the migration of gut‐homing memory T cells into the intestinal submucosa by antagonizing the interaction of α4β7 integrin with MAdCAM‐1. Vedolizumab is employed for ulcerative colitis with moderate to severe activity; however, predictors of its clinical efficacy have not been established in real‐world clinical practice. We investigated the clinical characteristics predicting vedolizumab efficacy.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective, observational study that enrolled patients with ulcerative colitis at Kyorin University Hospital. Fifty‐two consecutive patients who started vedolizumab induction therapy and were tracked for minimum 14 weeks between August 2018 and February 2021 were included. Clinical and endoscopic disease activities were scored at baseline and at weeks 2, 6, and 14 with the Lichtiger index and at baseline and week 24 with the Mayo endoscopic subscore, respectively. Clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission were defined as Lichtiger index of ≤3, Lichtiger index of ≤10 with a reduction of minimum 3 points from baseline, and Mayo endoscopic subscore of ≤1, respectively.ResultsIn these cases, clinical response/remission rates at weeks 2, 6, and 14 were 26.9%/15.3%, 50.0%/46.3%, and 57.6%/50.0%, respectively. The endoscopic remission rate at week 24 was 60%. The clinical response at week 6 was significantly associated with endoscopic remission at week 24 after starting vedolizumab.ConclusionsIn vedolizumab treatment for ulcerative colitis, the clinical response at week 6 can be a predictor for endoscopic remission at week 24.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the incidence of dengue fever in Peru
Authors: Plasencia‐Dueñas Rubí , Failoc‐Rojas Virgilio E. , Rodriguez‐Morales Alfonso J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 coexist in dengue‐endemic countries; therefore, the adoption of preventive measures is essential to control the spread of both viruses. We conducted an ecological study to compare the temporal patterns of the incidence of dengue before and during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Peru. A time‐series analysis comparing the incidence of dengue using a Student's t test with variance correction was performed. Poisson regression was applied to determine the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of dengue before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The incidence of dengue was found to be increased in all endemic regions of Peru during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with the highest incidences registered in Ica (IRR = 90.14), Huánuco (IRR = 38.6), and Ucayali (IRR = 23.78), with the exception of Piura (IRR = 0.83). The highest increases in the number of dengue cases per million inhabitants were in Ucayali (393.38), Tumbes (233.19), Ica (166.08), and Loreto (129.93). The gradient of dengue cases was positive in all endemic regions during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The number of dengue cases per million increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic throughout Peru and in several endemic regions, with the exception of Piura.
Baseline periodontal status and modifiable risk factors are associated with tooth loss over a 10‐year period: Estimates of population attributable risk in a Japanese community
Authors: Furuta Michiko , Takeuchi Kenji , Takeshita Toru , Shibata Yukie , Suma Shino , Kageyama Shinya , Asakawa Mikari , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Hata Jun , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Yamashita Yoshihisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine whether modifiable risk factors can predict tooth loss over 10 years and estimate population attributable risk (PAR) for a combination of modifiable factors.MethodsThis longitudinal study included 1466 participants who underwent dental examinations in 2007 and 2017 and were aged 40 to 79 years at baseline. Periodontal conditions were assessed using the 2018 periodontal classification. Incident tooth loss was defined as ≥4 teeth lost over a 10‐year period. We calculated the partial PAR (pPAR%) for tooth loss to estimate the combined effect of modifiable risk factors.ResultsIncidence of tooth loss was 17.5%. Directed acyclic graphs were used to identify risk factors for tooth loss. A logistic regression model showed that baseline periodontitis, dental caries experience, no regular dental visit, periodontal treatment, smoking, and obesity were associated with tooth loss after adjusting for covariates; pPAR% was 55.5% (95% confidence interval: 31.1% to 73.0%) in periodontitis Stage III to IV and 87.6% (50.4% to 97.4%) in the combination of all factors, respectively. The sex‐stratified analysis showed that smoking and no regular dental visit in men and obesity in women were identified as potential risk factors for tooth loss.ConclusionsModifiable factors accounted for most cases of incident tooth loss. Risk factors for tooth loss might differ by sex, suggesting that the appropriate approach for preventing tooth loss base on sex.
Single‐beam dual‐color alternate‐pathway two‐photon spectroscopy: Toward an optical toolbox for redox biology
Authors: Chebotarev Artem S. , Lanin Aleksandr A. , Raevskii Roman I. , Kostyuk Alexander I. , Smolyarova Daria D. , Bilan Dmitry S. , Savitskii Ilya V. , Fedotov Andrei B. , Belousov Vsevolod V. , Zheltikov Aleksei M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe demonstrate a versatile single‐laser platform for single‐beam dual‐color two‐photon spectroscopy that combines a short‐pulse laser source with a tunable broadband wavelength converter based on a highly nonlinear photonic‐crystal fiber (PCF). We show that the short‐pulse PCF output can be tailored, via dispersion and nonlinearity management, to deliver a broadband optical driver whose spectral structure is ideally suited for a single‐beam two‐photon absorption (2PA) spectroscopy of the next‐generation genetically encodable fluorescent‐protein (FP) sensors of pH and redox‐responsive contrast agents. As a promising spectroscopic resource for redox biology, the short‐pulse PCF output can be finely sculpted to alternately drive an FP system via a one of its two 2PA‐allowed quantum pathways, yielding a high‐contrast fluorescence readout for a highly sensitive detection of redox reactions and signaling, pH sensing, and oxidative‐stress diagnosis.
A spectroscopic analysis of late 16th century domestic wall paintings in the Saracens Head Inn, Nottinghamshire, UK
Authors: Brooke Christopher , Edwards Howell , de Oliveira Luiz F. C. , Telford Richard , Surtees Alex 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe mural paintings in the late medieval Saracens Head Inn, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, UK, represent an unusual survival of domestic Tudor artwork in this region. Stylistic dating puts the range of the paintings as c. 1580–1620. The artistic design and archaeological context of the paintings has been studied and paint samples extracted for microscopic, SEM‐EDXS, and Raman spectroscopic analysis. In addition, portable Raman analysis was utilized. The paintings, which were only discovered in the 1980s and 1990s, hidden below later plaster, were conserved and a degree of undocumented retouching was applied. The analysis, though restricted by excessive fluorescence from many of the samples, has revealed the broad pigment palette used by the original Tudor artist(s) as well as identifying the modern pigments introduced during conservation work.
Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry method for quantifying polymer poloxamer 124 and its application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Li Yuxuan , Cui Yue , Li Lele , Lin Xiaoyin , Zhou Xinxin , Zhu Heyun , Feng Bo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPoloxamer is a commonly used pharmaceutical excipient. It is a high molecular polymer formed using polypropylene oxide and polyethylene oxide units. Specifically, poloxamer 124 is one of the smaller molecular weight in the poloxamer series; however, its pharmacokinetic behaviors in vivo are still unclear. In this study, a method for quantifying poloxamer 124 in rat plasma through ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry was developed. The intravenous dosage of PL124 was 10 mg/kg. Plasma was collected at different times. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.1–5 μg/mL for the poloxamer 124 (r ≥ 0.9956) with the lower limit of quantitation of 0.1 μg/ml. The relative standard deviation of the intraday and interday precisions was below 8.0%, and the relative error of the accuracy was within ±12.0%. The extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability were satisfactory in rat plasma. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of poloxamer 124 in rats. Results indicated that poloxamer 124 could be rapidly absorbed and eliminated through caudal vein injection. This study is helpful for the further study of poloxamer 124.
Sampling in low oxygen aquatic environments: The deviation from anoxic conditions
Authors: Garcia‐Robledo Emilio , Paulmier Aurelien , Borisov Sergey M. , Revsbech Niels Peter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStudies of the impact of hypoxic or anoxic environments on both climate and ecosystems rely on a detailed characterization of the oxygen (O2) distribution along the water column. The former trivial separation between oxic and anoxic conditions is now often redefined as a blurry concentration range in which both aerobic and anaerobic processes might coexist, both in situ and during experimental incubations. The O2 concentrations during such incubations have often been assumed to be equal to in situ levels, but the concentration was rarely measured. In order to evaluate the actual oxygen concentration in samples collected from low‐oxygen environments, a series of measurements were performed on samples collected in the Pacific oxygen minimum zones. Our results show a significant deviation from in situ anoxic conditions in samples collected by Niskin bottles where leakage from the bottle material resulted in O2 concentrations of up to 1 μM. Subsequent sampling further increased the O2 contamination. Sampling and analysis by Winkler method resulted in variable apparent concentrations of 2–4 μM. Two common procedures to avoid atmospheric contamination were also tested: allowing gentle overflow and keeping the sampling bottle submersed in a portion of the sampled water. Both procedures resulted in similar O2 contamination with values of 0.5–1.5 μM when bottles were immediately closed and measurements performed with optical sensors, and 3–4 μM apparent concentration when analyzed by the Winkler method. Winkler titration is thus not suited for analysis of low‐O2 samples. It can be concluded that incubation under anoxic conditions requires deoxygenation after conventional sampling.
The personalization–privacy paradox at the nexus of social exchange and construal level theories
Authors: Cloarec Julien , Meyer‐Waarden Lars , Munzel Andreas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMarketing personalization requires firms to collect information that they can use to personalize their products or services, which might raise consumer privacy concerns. Prior studies on construal level theory suggest that happier Internet users would likely take future rewards in social exchanges (e.g., personalization–privacy trade‐offs) into greater consideration. Building on both social exchange and construal level theories, this article investigates the extent to which happiness with the Internet drives the personalization–privacy paradox, as well as the moderating role of experience sharing frequency as a proxy for reciprocity. An online survey administered to a representative sample of French consumers (n = 649) largely confirms the predictions. Happiness with the Internet is the strongest driver of willingness to disclose information in exchange for personalization, surpassing conventional privacy‐related constructs (e.g., trust and risk beliefs). In line with social exchange theory, reciprocity has an important influence on online social exchanges too.