bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of chronic pruritus for intrapersonal burden and interpersonal experiences of stigmatization and sexuality in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Sommer R. , Augustin M. , Hilbring C. , Ständer S. , Hubo M. , Hutt H.J. , von Stülpnagel C.C. , da Silva N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground60–90% of patients with psoriasis suffer from pruritus and 65% report itching as one of the most burdensome symptoms, raising significant quality of life (QoL) impairments. However, pruritus is not only an intrapersonal symptom but also a psychosocial interactive phenomenon and little is known about the effects of itching on interpersonal experiences.ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the disease burden and patient needs between patients with none/mild vs. moderate/severe pruritus, and to examine the impact of disease parameters and intrapersonal burden on perceived stigmatization and sexual relationships.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included German patients aged ≥ 18 years with psoriasis vulgaris. Disease severity was assessed with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; patients reported on intensity of pruritus, skin‐generic and pruritus‐specific QoL, patient needs and benefits, anxiety and depression symptoms, dysmorphic concerns, perceived stigmatization and sexual dysfunction.ResultsA total of 107 patients with psoriasis participated (mean age = 46.3 ± 14.6 years; 52.3% male): 64 with none/mild pruritus (NRS ≤ 3) and 43 with moderate/severe pruritus (NRS ≥ 4). Patients with moderate/severe pruritus reported more QoL impairments, depression and anxiety symptoms and dysmorphic concerns, but less treatment benefits, than those with none/mild pruritus. The patient needs most frequently rated as ‘very/quite important’ were ‘be healed of all skin defects’ (88.8%), and ‘be free of itching’ (87.0%), with no differences between the groups. Younger age, disease severity, frequency of scratching behaviours, dysmorphic concerns and treatment benefits were positively associated with stigmatization experiences; disease severity, sleeping problems and skin‐generic QoL impairments were positively associated with sexual dysfunction.ConclusionsPruritus induces significant burden in patients with psoriasis. Along with disease severity, intrapersonal burden has a great impact on social and dyadic relationships. Treatment choices that are effective in reducing pruritus should be prioritized in patient‐centred healthcare.
In vitro propagation of infectious myonecrosis virus in C6/36 mosquito cell line
Authors: Santhosh Kumar S. , Sivakumar S. , Abdul Majeed S. , Vimal S. , Taju G. , Sahul Hameed A. S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInfectious myonecrosis (IMN) is an important shrimp viral disease caused by infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). Based on previous reports, an attempt was made to propagate IMNV in apparently healthy C6/36 subclone of Aedes albopictus cell line. The confirmatory assays such as RT‐PCR, real‐time PCR and bioassay revealed that C6/36 cells were found to be susceptible to IMNV and these cells could be used easily for isolation and propagation of IMNV. The results of real‐time PCR assay showed that a lower CT value of 22.25 in IMNV‐infected cells was obtained on 10 day post‐infection (d p.i.), whereas the higher CT value of 35.21 was obtained in IMNV‐infected cells on 2 d p.i. There is no significant difference between CT values of IMNV production in vitro using C6/36 cell line and in vivo using shrimp. The IMNV propagated in C6/36 cells is capable of infecting shrimp and caused 100% mortality in shrimp. Clinical signs observed in shrimp injected with IMNV propagated in C6/36 cell line were found to be similar to naturally infected shrimp.
Development and assessment of blockchain‐IoT‐based traceability system for frozen aquatic product
Authors: Zhang Yongjun , Liu Yanfeng , Jiong Zhang , Zhang Xiaoshan , Li Baotian , Chen Enxiu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study puts forward a novel frozen aquatic product traceability system (BIOT‐TS) that based on blockchain and Internet of things (IoT) technology, which can alleviate the drawbacks of current tracing management during cold chain logistic, such as the weak security performance, inefficient centralized data management as well as the easy‐tampered traceability information. The proposed system possesses the advantages of decentralization, safety, reliability, and tamper‐proofing when it compares with traditional tracking technology. It is particularly suitable for multi‐stages tracking management of cold chain logistics from aquaculture, production, logistics, and circulation to sales. In terms of such blockchain‐IoT‐based technology, the system is deployed and evaluated with the case of frozen turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) that is circulated and sold under the background of e‐commerce cold chain logistics. It can significantly improve the quality and safety of the frozen aquatic product by using smart contracts, consensus strategy, and data on‐chain verification technology. The overall involved participants can share more reliable tracing information after adopting this tracing system. Furthermore, the performance of this hybrid tracing technology has been evaluated by the operations of on‐chain process and tracing queries through the real experiments, and has testified to be effective. Therefore, the application of this system is beneficial for the improvement of the aquatic food logistics industry and ensures credit in its ecosystem.Practical ApplicationsThe blockchain‐IoT‐based frozen aquatic product traceability management is one of the most promising technologies that possess the advantages of tamper‐proof, transparent, and irrefutable transactions combined with distributed monitoring and tracking functionalities. Through the decentralized data management, smart contract, and mechanism of consensus, the traceability information is partitioned and encrypted storage, which can be used for government supervision and consumers' retroactive queries. This novel frozen aquatic food product tracing technology can fundamentally improve the reliability of quality tracing applications and make the closely related tracing management more transparent, secure, and efficient.
Authority in therapeutic interaction: A conversation analytic study
Authors: Smoliak Olga , MacMartin Clare , Hepburn Alexa , Le Couteur Amanda , Elliott Robert , Quinn‐Nilas Christopher 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA paradigmatic shift toward postmodern, collaborative practice in family therapy raises questions about how therapists can use professional authority to facilitate change and how clients can assert their knowledge and agency. We used conversation analysis to investigate how the authority to know and to determine here‐and‐now action (i.e., who does what, and how, in therapy) was negotiated and accomplished in 10 sessions of emotion‐focused therapy involving chair work. Therapists were observed to rely on a particular interactional sequence structure: stepwise entry into a directive, in which directives were preceded by a question‐answer sequence. We show how instances where clients’ views were elicited prior to the delivery of a directive resulted in different interactional consequences from instances where therapists straightforwardly directed clients to perform some action. The study offers evidence concerning how therapists can facilitate chair work collaboratively and responsively.
Nudging flow through ‘SMART’ goal setting to decrease stress, increase engagement, and increase performance at work
Authors: Weintraub Jared , Cassell David , DePatie Thomas P. 
Published: February 2021

The construct of flow has been associated with a plethora of positive work outcomes such as performance, engagement, and reduced burnout. However, flow is understudied in the domain of work and there is a lack of empirical examinations of flow interventions. Additionally, until recently, the vast majority of research examining flow at work assumes that individuals are passive agents who only experience flow when their working conditions facilitate the state. Therefore, the study tested a ‘SMART’ goal‐setting nudge intervention for individuals, aimed at increasing flow at work and its positive outcomes. Results of a 5‐day experimental experience sampling study with 65 American MTurk workers (who work full‐time besides MTurk) indicate that those in the goal‐setting condition experienced more flow at work and subsequently experienced less daily stress, as well as higher engagement and subjective performance when compared to the control group. Exploratory analyses revealed that flow decreased later in the week within‐day for participants in the control group, whereas flow remained relatively stable within‐day for those in the goal‐setting condition. Moreover, certain categories of goals, such as mastery goals, resource acquisition goals, and understanding goals, were found to be significant predictors of daily flow.Practitioner points

Flow at work predicted daily stress, daily performance, and work engagement.

Self‐determination strategies (Occupat Health Sci, 1, 2017, 47), such as goal setting, can increase the amount of flow experienced at work and its subsequent positive outcomes.

Nudges (Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness, Yale University Press, 2008) can provide reminders for individuals to engage in behaviors that help them to experience flow and its positive work outcomes.

A proposed model was supported as a framework practitioners can use to better understand flow at work along with its antecedents and outcomes.
Genomic signatures of clonality in the deep water kelp Laminaria rodriguezii
Authors: Reynes Lauric , Thibaut Thierry , Mauger Stéphane , Blanfuné Aurélie , Holon Florian , Cruaud Corinne , Couloux Arnaud , Valero Myriam , Aurelle Didier 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe development of population genomic approaches in non‐model species allows for renewed studies of the impact of reproductive systems and genetic drift on population diversity. Here, we investigate the genomic signatures of partial clonality in the deep water kelp Laminaria rodriguezii, known to reproduce by both sexual and asexual means. We compared these results with the species Laminaria digitata, a closely related species that differs by different traits, in particular its reproductive mode (no clonal reproduction). We analysed genome‐wide variation with dd‐RAD sequencing using 4,077 SNPs in L. rodriguezii and 7,364 SNPs in L. digitata. As predicted for partially clonal populations, we show that the distribution of FIS within populations of L. rodriguezii is shifted toward negative values, with a high number of loci showing heterozygote excess. This finding is the opposite of what we observed within sexual populations of L. digitata, characterized by a generalized deficit in heterozygotes. Furthermore, we observed distinct distributions of FIS among populations of L. rodriguezii, which is congruent with the predictions of theoretical models for different levels of clonality and genetic drift. These findings highlight that the empirical distribution of FIS is a promising feature for the genomic study of asexuality in natural populations. Our results also show that the populations of L. rodriguezii analysed here are genetically differentiated and probably isolated. Our study provides a conceptual framework to investigate partial clonality on the basis of RAD‐sequencing SNPs. These results could be obtained without any reference genome, and are therefore of interest for various non‐model species.
Genetic and structural validation of phosphomannomutase as a cell wall target in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Zhang Yuanwei , Fang Wenxia , Raimi Olawale G. , Lockhart Deborah E. A. , Ferenbach Andrew T. , Lu Ling , van Aalten Daan M. F. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic mold responsible for severe life‐threatening fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. The cell wall, an essential structure composed of glucan, chitin, and galactomannan, is considered to be a target for the development of antifungal drugs. The nucleotide sugar donor GDP‐mannose (GDP‐Man) is required for the biosynthesis of galactomannan, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors, glycolipid, and protein glycosylation. Starting from fructose‐6‐phosphate, GDP‐Man is produced by the sequential action of the enzymes phosphomannose isomerase, phosphomannomutase (Pmm), and GDP‐mannose pyrophosphorylase. Here, using heterokaryon rescue and gene knockdown approaches we demonstrate that the phosphomannomutase encoding gene in A. fumigatus (pmmA) is essential for survival. Reduced expression of pmmA is associated with significant morphological defects including retarded germination, growth, reduced conidiation, and abnormal polarity. Moreover, the knockdown strain exhibited an altered cell wall organization and sensitivity toward cell wall perturbing agents. By solving the first crystal structure of A. fumigatus phosphomannomutase (AfPmmA) we identified non‐conservative substitutions near the active site when compared to the human orthologues. Taken together, this work provides a genetic and structural foundation for the exploitation of AfPmmA as a potential antifungal target.
Cross species multi‐omics reveals cell wall sequestration and elevated global transcript abundance as mechanisms of boron tolerance in plants
Authors: Wang Guannan , DiTusa Sandra Feuer , Oh Dong‐Ha , Herrmann Achim D. , Mendoza‐Cozatl David G. , O'Neill Malcolm A. , Smith Aaron P. , Dassanayake Maheshi 
Published: February 2021

Summary

Boron toxicity is a world‐wide problem for crops, yet we have a limited understanding of the genetic responses and adaptive mechanisms to this stress in plants.

We employed a cross‐species comparison between boron stress‐sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana and its boron stress‐tolerant extremophyte relative Schrenkiella parvula, and a multi‐omics approach integrating genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and ionomics to assess plant responses and adaptations to boron stress.

Schrenkiella parvula maintains lower concentrations of total boron and free boric acid than Arabidopsis when grown with excess boron. Schrenkiella parvula excludes excess boron more efficiently than Arabidopsis, which we propose is partly driven by SpBOR5, a boron transporter that we functionally characterize in this study. Both species use cell walls as a partial sink for excess boron. When accumulated in the cytoplasm, excess boron appears to interrupt RNA metabolism. The extremophyte S. parvula facilitates critical cellular processes while maintaining the pool of ribose‐containing compounds that can bind with boric acid.

The S. parvula transcriptome is pre‐adapted to boron toxicity. It exhibits substantial overlaps with the Arabidopsis boron‐stress responsive transcriptome. Cell wall sequestration and increases in global transcript levels under excess boron conditions emerge as key mechanisms for sustaining plant growth under boron toxicity.
Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of the orange petal colour gene Bnpc2 in spring rapeseed (Brassica napus)
Authors: Solangi Zeeshan Ahmed , Zhang Yani , Li Kaixiang , Du Dezhi , Yao Yanmei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPetal colour is considered as an important trait and major visual signal for insect‐pollinated plants and landscaping. In previous study, we isolated and identified two genes (BnPC1 and BnPC2) that control the orange petal colour (OPC) in rapeseed. To identify the molecular markers linked to the orange petal colour, we constructed a B. napus linkage map with four newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and nine insertion–deletion (InDel) markers using BC5II, a near isogenic line population segregated at the BnPC2 locus. The BnPC2 gene was flanked by Indel‐3 and Indel‐20 and was found to represent a 27‐kb (3.721–3.748 Mb) region on A09 of B. napus. High‐pressure liquid chromatography analysis revealed that, compared to yellow petals, orange petals exhibit significantly increased zeaxanthin, β‐carotene and lutein contents and a relatively decreased violaxanthin content. Expression profiling confirmed that BnaA09.ZEP (zeaxanthin epoxidase) is an important candidate gene for BnPC2 and is predominantly expressed in floral tissues. Overall, our results provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the orange petal colour trait in B. napus.
The Expectancy‐Disconfirmation Model and Citizen Satisfaction with Public Services: A Meta‐analysis and an Agenda for Best Practice
Authors: Zhang Jiasheng , Chen Wenna , Petrovsky Nicolai , Walker Richard M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe expectancy‐disconfirmation model has become the predominant approach in explaining citizen satisfaction with public services. It posits that citizens compare the performance of a service against their expectations of that service. Satisfaction occurs if the perceived performance meets or exceeds the expectations. We provide the first meta‐analysis of the empirical evidence on this relationship, and find that the model is supported across studies. However, our meta‐analysis also indicates that research design choices affect the results and that the scope of public services examined is not comprehensive. We make best practice recommendations for future research to improve the measurement of citizen satisfaction.
Not just parenting in the field: Accompanied research and geographies of caring and responsibility
Authors: Gibb Christine 
Published: February 2021

Writinginour research companions, with attention to the importance of care in our fieldwork practices, is a political act that challenges the ways geography is believed to be practised, or should be practised. Once sidelined to footnotes and acknowledgements, research companions such as family members and research assistants have increasingly been rendered visible and their contributions considered. Yet, researchers remain reluctant to disclose their accompanied research in scholarly writing. Given this reticence, I contend that, collectively, such accounts are political acts and not warts‐and‐all disclosures of knowledge production. They challenge disciplinary norms over whose and which contributions count, and what constitutes a professional identity. Drawing upon Lynn Staeheli's (1996) insights into the potential for activism by transgressing boundaries of doing private acts in public spaces, and public acts in private spaces, I argue that doing and writing about accompanied fieldwork is fieldwork activism that re‐centres and values a caring geography.
Can respiratory muscle training change the blood pressure levels in hypertension? A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: da Silva Claudio D. , de Abreu Raphael M. , Rehder‐Santos Patrícia , De Noronha Marcos , Catai Aparecida M. 
Published: February 2021

The aim was to systematically review randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of respiratory training on blood pressure control in hypertensive individuals. Systematic review with meta‐analysis was coducted following the guidelines from PRISMA statement. Searches for randomized controlled trials were performed in four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and PEDro). Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials that examined the impact of respiratory training on blood pressure of individuals with systemic arterial hypertension and the patients had no other associated disease. Eight studies were included for final analysis (total of 270 participants; 18–85 years) and presented an average score of 6.25 in the PEDro scale, being considered of high methodological quality. The meta‐analysis showed a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure for respiratory training when the load was applied [−15.72 (−18.63; −12.81) and −7.08 (−9.03; −5.13) mmHg, respectively]. There was also a reduction in systolic, but not in diastolic blood pressure when the training was performed without load [−5.08 (−7.49; −2.66) and −1.04 (−2.55; +0.46) mmHg, respectively]. The respiratory training has a positive effect in BP in hypertensive patients, however, only when performed with load seems to be able to promote some beneficial effect on diastolic blood pressure reduction.
Leveraging Regional Differences and Cross‐Border Collective Institutions: The Case of Skill Formation and Employment in the Border Region of France, Germany, and Switzerland
Authors: Graf Lukas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEuropean cross‐border regions often display substantial political and economic activity. A key example is the French‐German‐Swiss Upper Rhine region, where three distinct national governance models come together. In this dynamic cross‐border industry cluster, traditional political‐administrative units often do not meet the functional needs of employers and (future) employees. This comparative institutional analysis refers to Varieties of Capitalism and Local Production Systems perspectives to explore the operations of this cluster. It finds two main patterns through which education and training are embedded in the cross‐border context: on the one hand, the leveraging of distinct institutional advantages in the different parts of the region and, on the other, the creation of cross‐border collective competition goods in the form of jointly provided educational institutions. Through these two strategies, local actors within the cross‐border industry cluster can turn their peripheral location into an institutional advantage.
Two- and Three-Dimensional Cases of Stress Concentration, and Comparison With Fatigue Tests
Authors: Peterson R. E. , Wahl A. M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper reports the results of a study of some two- and three-dimensional cases of stress distribution with particular reference to shafts having fillets or transverse holes, these being of considerable practical importance. To determine the stress-concentration factor kt in such cases, strain measurements were made, using a specially developed extensometer with a gage length of 0.1 in. The results of these strain measurements indicate that for shaft fillets in bending (three-dimensional case) the stress-concentration factor kt is little different from the values obtained photoelastically on flat specimens having the same r/d ratio (a two-dimensional case). A comparison of these values of kt (both for shafts with fillets and with transverse holes), with data from fatigue tests, leads to the following observations: (1) In some cases fatigue results are quite close to theoretical stress-concentration values. (2) Fatigue results for alloy steels and quenched carbon steels are usually closer to theoretical values than are the corresponding fatigue results for carbon steels not quenched. (3) With decrease in size of specimen, the reduction in fatigue strength due to a fillet or hole becomes somewhat less; and for very small fillets or holes the reduction in fatigue strength is comparatively small. (4) Sensitivity factors determined for small specimens should not be applied to the design of machine parts regardless of size.