bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Response and Failure Mechanism of Layered Thin Plate Rock Mass Under Sustained Dynamic Load
Authors: Li Feng , Chen Chuang , Zhang Yue , Zhao Xin , Dong Xinhui , Sun Runchuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Based on the dual equation of Hamilton system and Duhamel's integral, and the orthogonality of the deflection equations, the mechanical model of homogeneous rectangular thin plate rock mass was established. And the results showed that the effective vibration modes of thin plate granite with four sides fixed were the 1st, 5th and 6th orders under uniform dynamic load, and their vibration frequencies were 310rad/s, 975rad/s and 1309rad/s respectively. Under sustained dynamic load, moreover, the change of the vibration state of the 1st mode was the most sharp, and the positive and negative alternation of its amplitude was the most frequent in the whole period, which had the most obvious effect on the vibration of the thin plate rock mass. Based on the Fourier transform formula, the Fourier series expressions and waveforms of sustained dynamic loads which contained rectangular wave, triangular wave and impact wave were obtained. The vibration characteristics of thin plate rock mass under these three kinds of sustained dynamic loads, the dynamic distribution of deflection, stress and maximum shear stress, as well as the dynamic damage and failure modes were all obtained. The results showed that plate cracks occurred firstly in the middle of the four sides and these cracks would propagate rapidly along the boundary of the thin plate rock mass; and then, plate cracks occurred at the central of the thin plate and the main develop tendency of these cracks was outward along the long central axis, moreover, these cracks also tended to expand outward along the short side central axis. It could be concluded that the initial failure position of the thin plate rock mass could be determined by the 1st effective mode, and the development direction and trend of the damage could be determined by 5th and 6th effective vibration modes; under sustained dynamic load, tensile-shear failure occurred at four sides and shear failure at four corners; The tensile failure occurred in the central area of the thin plate, which developed into a main crack along the central long axis and a secondary crack along the short central axis, forming an " O-十" fracture pattern.
Eating Behaviors Are Associated with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
Authors: beigrezaei sara , Mazidi Mohsen , Ferns Gordon A , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Shi Zumin , Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundExcessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common sleep abnormality among adolescents, and it’s associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. We aimed to explore the relationships between eating behaviors and EDS among female adolscents.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study 988 Iranian adolescent girls aged between 12-18 years old were recruited. Presence of EDS was determined by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and eating behaviors was assessed by a pre-validated questionnaire. To investigate the association between dietary behaviors and the prevalence of EDS, we applied logistic regression analysis in crude and adjusted models (adjustments for age, physical activity, menstruation and second hand smoke and general obesity).ResultsThe prevalence of esccesive daytime sleepiness was obtained 24.3. The participants who consumed a major meal three times daily had a 0.56 lower odds for EDS compared to those who consumed a single major meal (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.21- 0.91). Individuals with a ‘high-rate of food chewing’ were less likely to have EDS (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.29 -1.04) compared with low and moderate rate of food chewing. Compared with those who consumed fried or spicy foods daily, individuals who never consumed fried (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 0.55- 5.86) or spicy foods (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 0.55- 5.29) had a greater risk for EDS. In addition, there were direct associations between lower meal regularity (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29- 0.95) and intra-meal fluid intake (OR: 3.00, 95% CI: 1.2- 7.3) with EDS in adjusted models. Neither in the crude nor in the adjusted models, were there significant associations between breakfast intake and frequency of snack consumption with EDS.Conclusion﻿The lowest frequency of main meal frequency, irregular meal consumption, breakfast skipping, low rate of food chewing, intra-meal fluid intake, and consumption of spicy and fried foods were associated with increased odds of EDS. Further prospective studies are required to confirm this finding.
Therapeutic Targets and Mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction on Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer: Network pharmacology
Authors: ZU Guo-xiu , Sun Keyun , Li Ling , Zu Xiuli , Han Tao , Huang Hailiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPrecancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer (PLGC) is a common gastrointestinal tract and digestive systemdisease that lacks effective therapeutic drugs with good curative effects and few adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the advantages of multiple components, multiple channels, and fewer adverse reactions in the treatment of PLGC. Although Banxia xiexin Decoction (BXD) demonstrates a good therapeutic effect on PLGC, the pharmacological mechanism underlying its anticancer effect is still unclear. MethodsWe used a network pharmacology strategy, including the construction and analysis of a complex drug-disease network, to explore the complex mechanism of BXD treatment of PLGC. In addition, molecular docking technology was used to preliminarily study the binding ability of the potential active components and core therapeutic targets of BXD. ResultsThe networkpharmacology results showed 80 targets of BXD that are involved in PLGC. PPI network analysis demonstrated that the top10 core targets were JUN, TP53, MAPK3, MAPK1, TNF, VEGFA, MAPK14, ESR1, NR3C1, and MAPK8. The GO enrichment analysis results showed that the BXD anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory mechanism mainly involves cellular response to organic cyclic compound, response to toxic substance, response to oxidative stress, cellular response to nitrogen compound, response to inorganic substance, and others. The KEGG analysis results indicated that BXD may regulate 167 pathways such as MAPK signaling pathway and pathway in cancer in the treatment of PLGC. The molecular docking resultsshowed that the binding energies of beta sitosterol withMAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK14, JUN, and VEGFA were less than−7.0 kcal·mol−1, indicating a good docking effect. ConclusionsThis study reflects the characteristics of the mechanism of action by which BXD treats PLGC, which includes multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways, and provides a biological basis for further verification and a novel perspective for drug discoveryin PLGC.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Prediction of the Risk of Positive Hidden Blood Loss in the Perioperative Period of Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture
Authors: Wang Haosheng , Fan Tingting , Tang Zhi-Ri , Li Wenle , Liu Linjing , Lin Qiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to develop and validate an individualized nomogram to predict the risk of positive hidden blood loss (HBL) in patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBF) during the perioperative period.Methods: We conducted a retrospective investigation including 161 consecutive patients with TBL, and the corresponding patient data was extracted from March 2013 to March 2019. The independent risk factors for positive HBL were screened using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. According to published literature and clinical experience, a series of variables were selected to develop a nomogram prediction model for positive HBL. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), C-index, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the performance of the prediction model. Bootstrapping validation was performed to evaluate the performance of the model.Results: Among the 161 consecutive patients, 62 patients were negative for HBL (14.13%). The Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the six risk factors of age, length of surgical incision, duration of operation, percentage of vertebral height restoration (P1%), preoperative total cholesterol, and preoperative fibrinogen were independent risk factors of positive HBL. The C-index was 0.862 (95% CI 0.788–0.903) and 0.8884 in bootstrapping validation, respectively. The calibration curve showed that the predicted probability of the model was consistent with the actual probability. Decision curve analysis (DCA) showed that the nomogram had clinical utility.Conclusion: Overall, we explored the relationship between the positive HBL requirement and predictors: age, duration from admission to surgery, duration of operation, percentages of vertebral height restoration (P1%), preoperative total cholesterol, and preoperative fibrinogen. The individualized prediction model for patients with TBF can accurately assess the risk of positive HBL and facilitate clinical decision making. However, external validation will be needed in the future.
Investigation of Anti-osteoporosis Mechanisms of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Authors: Ou Li , Kang Wenqian , Liang Ziyi , Gao Feng , Dong Taiwei , Wei Peifeng , Li Min 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (RRP) can effectively improve the symptoms of osteoporosis, but its molecular mechanism for treating osteoporosis is still unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate anti-osteoporosis mechanisms of RRP through network pharmacology.Methods: The overlapping targets of RRP and osteoporosis were screened out using online platforms. A visual network diagram of PPI was constructed and analyzed by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Molecular docking was used to evaluate the binding activity of ligands and receptors, and some key genes were randomly verified through pharmacological experiments. Results: According to topological analysis results, AKT1, MAPK1, ESR1, SRC, and MMP9 are key genes for RRP to treat osteoporosis, and they have high binding activity with stigmasterol and sitosterol. The main signal pathways of RRP in the treatment of osteoporosis, including Estrogen signaling pathway, HIF-1 signal pathway, MAPK signal pathway, PI3K-Akt signal pathway, etc. Results of animal experiments showed that RRP could significantly increase the expression levels of Akt1, ESR1 and SRC-1 mRNA in bone tissue to promote bone formation. Conclusion: This study explained the coordination between multiple components and multiple targets of RRP in the treatment of osteoporosis, and provided new ideas and basis for its clinical application and experimental research.
Serum Calcium-Phosphorus Product for Prediction The Risk of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures in The Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Ying Pu , Gu Mingjia , Jiang Xiaowei , Xu Yue , Lu Tong , Xue Yi , Wang Qiang , Huang Zhihui , Ding Wenge , Dai Xiaoyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

This study retrospectively analyzed and evaluated the potential correlation between serum calcium, serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product (Ca-P product) and the incidence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), aiming to explore whether Ca-P product can be used as a serological indicator to predict the risk of OVCF.
Methods

This study randomly enrolled 400 elderly patients with OVCF and 400 patients with hip and knee arthroplasty due to femoral head necrosis or osteoarthritis from August 2013 to April 2021 in our hospital. The age, gender, past medical history, and the first-time biochemical indicators at admission including albumin, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum calcium and serum phosphorus were collected for statistical analysis.
Results

The albumin, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, Ca-P product, corrected serum calcium and corrected Ca-P product in the OVCF group were lower than those in the Non-OVCF group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low values of serum calcium, serum phosphorus, Ca-P product, corrected blood calcium, and corrected Ca-P product all can be risk factors for OVCF patients. ROC curve showed that Ca-P product and corrected Ca-P product were effective in predicting the risk of OVCF. Among them, the predictive value of Ca-P product was the best, the cut-off point was 29.88, the sensitivity was 0.72 and the specificity was 0.62. The cut-off point of corrected Ca-P product was 30.50, the sensitivity was 0.74, and the specificity was 0.62.
Conclusion

Ca-P product and corrected Ca-P product can be used as serological indicators to predict the risk of OVCF in the elderly. Early clinical interventions targeting this risk factor can further reduce the risk of OVCF.
Home Enteral Nutrition in Adults: Effectiveness of Nutritional Therapy and Educational Programme
Authors: Madrid-Paredes Adela , Leyva-Martínez Socorro , Ávila-Rubio Verónica , Molina-Soria Juan Bautista , Sorribes-Carrera Patricia , Yeste-Doblas Carmen , López-Medina José Antonio , Luna-López Victoria Eugenia , Fernández-Soto Maria Luisa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
PurposeHome Enteral Nutrition (HEN) is used to prevent or correct malnutrition in outpatients. Due to the complexity of this process, the indication, follow-up, and results of an educational programme of HEN patients was evaluated.MethodsA prospective, observational, real-life, multicentre study of patients receiving HEN by nasogastric tube or ostomy in 21 hospitals was conducted. The following variables were collected: age, gender, HEN indication, type of formula, nutritional requirements, laboratory variables, complications, and quality standards of the educational programme. All data were analysed using SPSS.24.Results414 patients were included. Most conditions diagnosed were neurodegenerative diseases (64.8%). 100 patients (25.3%) were diabetic. The mean weight was 59.3±10.4kg and BMI 22.6±3.2. Moderate protein-calorie malnutrition was predominant at baseline (46.4%). Improvement in nutritional status at six months was recorded in more than 75% of patients (p<0.05). Tolerance problems, diarrhoea and abdominal distension fell between the 3- and 6-month visits (p <0.05). Patients who received intermittent Enteral Nutrition (EN) had fewer tolerance-related effects (OR: 0.042; 95% CI: 0.006-0.279) and less diarrhoea (OR: 0.042; 95% CI: 0.006-0.279), while those who received EN via nasogastric tube had fewer tolerance-related effects (OR: 0.042; 95% CI: 0.006-0.279). At the baseline and 6-month visits, compliance with the educational measures proposed by the prescriber was ≥ 99%. ConclusionThe nutritional assessment to prescribe individualised HEN to each patient, together with educational measures and training in the proper use of this treatment for both patients and trainers, improves nutritional status and reduces the onset of adverse reactions.
Stability Analysis of Fractional Switched Systems With Stable and Unstable Subsystems
Authors: Yang Ran , Liu Song , Li Xiaoyan , Xiao Jian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article addresses stability of fractional switched systems (FSSs) with stable and unstable subsystems. First, several algebraic conditions are presented to guarantee asymptotic stability by applying multiple Lyapunov function (MLF) method, dwell time technique and fast-slow switching mechanism. Then, some stability conditions which have less conservation are also provided by utilizing average dwell time (ADT) technique and the property of Mittag-Leffler function. In addition, sufficient conditions on asymptotic stability of delayed FSSs are obtained by virtue of fractional Razumikhin technique. Finally, several examples are given to reveal that the conclusions obtained are valid.
Characterization of microRNA, mRNA, and Protein Expression in Large and Cystic Bovine Follicles
Authors: Hooper Allyssa , Castillo Stacey Del , Antunes Joshua , Matuszewska Kathy , Pereira Madison , LaMarre Jonathan , Greenaway Jim , Petrik Jim 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is a major contributor to infertility in cattle, with 30% of cows developing ovarian cysts during a given lactation and becoming anovulatory. The cause of COD has remained elusive and is thought to be multifactorial, with angiogenic and genetic contributions proposed. There is an increasing body of work suggesting that microRNAs (miRNAs) may be involved in a number of ovarian-based reproductive disorders. Changes in miRNA expression can affect a multitude of genes and may be important regulators of the dynamic processes involved in each ovarian cycle. We hypothesized that miRNAs are integral to the regulation of critical ovarian processes such as angiogenesis and follicular development and that altered miRNA expression contributes to the onset and progression of ovarian dysfunction and reproductive disorders. Eight miRNAs (miR-15a, -18a, -20a, 21, -29a, -126, -132, Let7a) known to target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and play a role in both angiogenesis and folliculogenesis, were selected for analysis. miRNA, mRNA, and protein expression were analyzed in large and cystic bovine follicles using qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. miR-29a was found to be upregulated in cystic follicles, whereas miR-132 expression was downregulated. VEGF expression increased in cystic follicles at both the transcript and protein level, while no significant differences in TSP-1 expression was observed. Our findings suggest that miR-29a and miR-132 may play an important role in maintaining the balance between VEGF and TSP-1 expression in the ovary, and if disrupted, could potentiate ovarian-based reproductive disorders such as PCOS and cystic ovarian disorder.
Sealing Mechanics Study of Laryngeal Mask Airways via 3D Modeling and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Liao Hongxia , Chen Liqiang , Chen Junfeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Proper sealing of laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) is critical for airway management in clinical use. A good understanding of the LMA sealing mechanism provides a scientific foundation to improve the sealing of LMAs to reduce the incidence of adverse events. However, no existing methods provide a systematic study on the LMA sealing mechanics. Methods: Computer-aided 3D models are established to visualize LMA – pharynx interactions directly. The finite element analysis (FEA) is adopted to study the LMA sealing mechanics. Results: Two case studies are provided in the paper. The LMA is loaded with a low cuff pressure (CP) (9 mmHg) to investigate the cause of leaking in Case I, and with a high CP (45 mmHg) to detect the critical points of high mucosal pressure in Case II. The established 3D models provide initiative visualization of the sealing situations. The visualization results are verified by pressure distribution along the contacting surface generated from FEA as the quantitative study. Conclusions: Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method does not introduce additional cost, and can provide globe monitoring on the LMA and a comprehensive understanding of sealing mechanics in all areas. The findings on the sealing mechanism and corresponding suggestions for clinic use of LMAs and LMA design have also been presented in the paper.
Exosomal circ-RBM23 sponging miR-139-5p to promote liver regeneration through RRM2/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: He Guolin , Fu Yu , Guo Zeyi , Zhu Honglei , Feng Lei , Liao Hangyu , Niu Xiaoge , Wang Yi , Zhou Lin , Fu Shunjun , Li Yang , Li Shao , Wang Lujia , Zheng Yizhou , Pan Mingxin , Li Ting , Gao Yi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundExosomes are small nano-size membrane vesicles and are involved in intercellular interaction. Here, we examined if exosomes obtained from human placental stem cells promote liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. MethodsExosomes generated from primary human placental stem cells were isolated and characterized. Cell co-culture model was used to clarify whether exosomes can induce hepatocytes proliferation in vitro . Partial hepatectomy mouse model was used to evaluate whether exosomes can promote hepatocytes proliferation in vivo . ResultsIt is found that human placental-derived stem cells exosomes (hPDSCs-exo) can induce hepatocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo . Mechanistically, exosomal circ-RBM23 served as a ceRNA for miR-139-5p, regulated RRM2 and accelerated proliferation through AKT/mTOR pathways. Ablation of exosomal circ-RBM23 suppressed the proliferative effect of exosomes. ConclusionsThe hPMSCs exosomal circ-RBM23 stimulated cell proliferation and liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy by regulated RRM2. Our findings highlight a potential novel therapeutic avenue for liver regeneration after hepatectomy.
IL-6 Protein Expression is Increased in Fast Glycolytic Muscle Fibers Over Time in the SOD1G93A Mouse model.
Authors: Martínez Laura Moreno , Calvo Ana Cristina , Moreno-García Leticia , García-Salamero Gabriel , Lunetta Christian , Penco Silvana , Tarlarini Claudia , Zaragoza Pilar , García-Redondo Alberto , Osta Rosario 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The deregulation of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 has been associated to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this work was to analyze the variation of IL-6 levels in blood and damaged tissues during the course of the disease. We studied IL-6 protein expression in spinal cord, extensor digital longus (EDL) muscle and soleus (SOL) muscle of the SOD1G93A animal model at four stages of the disease by western blot. Concurrently, we analyzed IL-6 gene and protein expression in blood of ALS patients, healthy subjects and patients with other neuropathies through RTqPCR and ELISA. The results revealed different expression patterns depending on both the tissue analyzed and the stage of the disease, showing increasing IL-6 levels in EDL muscle over time. Moreover, lower IL-6 levels in blood were found in ALS patients. The decreased levels of IL-6 in blood from ALS patients could suggest that IL-6 might not be the main pro-inflammatory biomarker in the last stages in whole blood. In contrast, IL-6 may play a main role in fast glycolytic muscle fibers associated with muscle atrophy, suggesting that modulation of IL-6 in this tissue could be a potential target for anti-inflammatory therapies in ALS.