bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sudden Cessation of Fluoxetine Before Alcohol Drinking Reinstatement Alters Microglial Morphology and TLR4/inflammatory Neuroadaptation in the Rat Brain
Authors: Aranda Jesús , Fernández-Arjona María del Mar , Alén Francisco , Rivera Patricia , Rubio Leticia , Smith-Fernández Inés , Pavón Francisco Javier , Serrano Antonia , Serrano-Castro Pedro J. , de Fonseca Fernando Rodríguez , Suarez Juan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Preclinical studies on the effects of abrupt cessation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a medication often prescribed in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients with depression, results in alcohol consumption escalation after resuming drinking. However, a potential neuroinflammatory component on this escalation remains unexplored despite the immunomodulatory role of serotonin. Here, we utilized a rat model of 14-daily administration of the SSRI fluoxetine (10 mg/kg/day) along alcohol self-administration deprivation to study the effects of fluoxetine cessation on neuroinflammation after resuming alcohol drinking. Microglial morphology and inflammatory gene expression were analyzed in prelimbic cortex, striatum, basolateral amygdala and dorsal hippocampus. Results indicated that alcohol drinking reinstatement increased microglial IBA1 immunoreactivity and altered morphometric features of activated microglia (fractal dimension, lacunarity, density, roughness, and cell area, perimeter and circularity). Despite alcohol reinstatement, fluoxetine cessation modified microglial morphology in a brain region-specific manner, resulting in hyper-ramified (spatial complexity of branching), reactive (lower heterogeneity and circularity)-like microglia. We also found that microglial cell area correlated with changes in mRNA expression of chemokines (Cx3cl1/fractalkine, Cxcl12/SDF1α, Ccl2/MCP1), cytokines (IL1β, IL6, IL10) and the innate immune toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in dorsal hippocampus. Specifically, TLR4 correlated with microglial spatial complexity assessed by fractal dimension in striatum, suggesting a role in process branching. These findings suggest that alcohol drinking reinstatement after fluoxetine treatment cessation disturbs microglial morphology and reactive phenotype associated with a TLR4/inflammatory response to alcohol in a brain region-specific manner, facts that might contribute to alcohol-induced damage through the promotion of escalation of alcohol drinking behavior.
Cytotoxic activity, apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer (MCF7) cells by a novel fluorinated tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]isoquinolin chalcones
Authors: Mohamed Magda F. , Ibrahim Nada S. , Ibrahim Sherif Abdelaziz , El-Manawaty May A , El-Hallouty Salwa M. , Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Abdelhamid Ismail Abdelshafy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A series of halogenated chalcones (3–8) was synthesized and confirmed by several spectral tools. The cytotoxic effect of this series was tested against a panel of different cancer cell lines (MCF7, A549, HCT116, and PC3). Our MTT assay results revealed that chalcone 8 had the potent cytotoxic activity against all tested cancer cell lines except A549 cells, which were more sensitive to chalcone 7 relative to the positive control treated with doxorubicin. Chalcone 8 showed the least cytotoxic activity against the normal epithelial cell line RPE-1 and the lowest IC50 at 10.96 µM relative to the IC50 of the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin at 12.8 µM against the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. Molecular docking studies showed a good interaction of chalcone 8 with the active site of histone demethylase (PLU-1/ JARID1B) and Carboxy-terminal binding protein1 (CtBP1) proteins. Mechanistically, chalcone 8 induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis as assessed by flow cytometry, as well as DNA fragmentation in MCF7 cells. Chalcone 8 upregulated mRNA expression levels of the apoptotic genes BAX, p53, and Caspase-7, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9, whereas mRNA expression levels of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2, metastasis-related gene matrix metalloproteinase 1, and the autophagic markers ATG5 and LC3B were downregulated as quantified by qPCR.
Flow-Heat-Solid Coupling Thermal Deformation Analysis of Hydrostatic Spindle under Viscosity Temperature Effect
Authors: Chen Dongju , Zhang Xuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The hydrostatic bearing oil film plays a key role in supporting and lubricating. As the speed increases, the temperature of the lubricating oil increases and the viscosity decreases. As a result, the bearing capacity of the oil film is reduced, which affects the motion accuracy of the hydrostatic bearing. In this paper, the simulation and analysis of the temperature rise of the hydrostatic bearing oil film under the constant viscosity and the viscosity-temperature effect are performed respectively. Then, based on the fluid-heat-solid coupling analysis theory, the temperature field of the hydrostatic bearing and the thermal deformation of the spindle shaft with and without the viscosity-temperature effect are analyzed separately. The temperature field of the shaft and the thermal deformation of the spindle shaft are analyzed separately. Finally, the bearing temperature and shaft deformation are compared with the experimental values for error analysis. It is found that the error rate is smaller when the viscosity-temperature effect is considered. Considering the viscosity-temperature effect, the maximum error rates of the temperature of the radial and thrust bearing bushes are 11.05% and 7.82%, and the maximum error rates of the thermal deformation of the spindle shaft in the axial and radial directions are 12.03% and 18.57%.
ACER3-Realted Leukoencephalopathy: Expanding The Clinical and Imaging Findings Spectrum Due to Novel Variants
Authors: Dehnavi Ali Zare , Heidari Erfan , Rasulinezhad Maryam , Heidari Morteza , Ashrafi Mahmoud Reza , Hosseini Mohammad Mahdi , Sadeghzadeh Fatemeh , Fallah Mohammad-Sadegh , Rostampour Noushin , Bahraini Amir , Garshasbi Masoud , Tavasoli Ali Reza 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Leukodystrophies are the main subgroup of inherited CNS white matter disorders which cause significant mortality and morbidity in early years of life. Diagnosis is mostly based on clinical context and neuroimaging findings, however, genetic tools, particularly whole-exome sequencing (WES) have led to comprehending the causative gene and molecular events contributing to these disorders. Mutation in Alkaline Ceramidase 3 (ACER3) gene which encodes alkaline ceramidase enzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular growth and viability, has been stated as an uncommon reason for inherited leukoencephalopathies. Merely only two ACER3 mutations in cases of progressive leukodystrophies have been reported thus far. Results: In the current study, we have identified three novel variants in ACER3 gene in cases with new neurological manifestations including developmental regression, dystonia, and spasticity. The detected variants were segregated into family members.Conclusion: Our study expands the clinical, neuroimaging, electroencephalographic and genetic spectrum of ACER3 mutations. Furthermore, we reviewed and compared the findings of all the previously reported cases and the cases identified here in order to facilitate their diagnosis and management.
Nitrous Oxide Occupational Exposure in Conscious Sedation Procedures in Endoscopic Ambulatories: A Pilot Retrospective Observational Study in an Italian Hospital
Authors: Borrelli Ivan , Pastorino Roberta , Buccico Rodolfo , Santoro Paolo Emilio , Moscato Umberto 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Nitrous oxide is widely used to induce sedation; however, its use outside of operating rooms – such as in ambulatory rooms – is not properly controlled by norms. In the lack of supervision, there is a chance of workplace exposures for the operators engaged in the outpatient use of nitrous oxide. The aim of this research is to assess nitrous oxide exposure in gastroenterology outpatient settings. Methods: We performed an observational study with a first step marked by nitrous oxide environmental testing in a gastroenterology outpatient care where colonoscopies were practiced; environmental research was supported by biological monitoring with urinary N2O analysis in exposed operators. The research was conducted in the absence and then in the presence of a collective security device (Niki mask). Results: The study was rolled out in 10 sessions of day shift procedures, totaling 4105 samples. The average nitrous oxide concentration in the environment was 27.58 (SD 1.76) and 449.59 (SD 35.29), respectively with and without Niki Mask; the distribution of gases in the environment under investigation was not homogeneous (Anova test p.001). Biological testing revealed a substantial rise in urinary concentration of 8.97 (p.001) between the start and the end of the shift, and the use of the Niki mask was effective (p=.003). Conclusions: The exposure levels reported in environmental sampling exceed the limits of 50 ppm (the value set for operating rooms in Italy) as well as the value of 25 ppm (NIOSH threshold value), indicating a significant issue in the outpatient use of nitrous oxide. It is evident that technical measures are needed to contain the occupational risk from Nitrous oxide exposure outside of operating rooms, and that even the basic use of Niki masks would not be sufficient to minimize professional exposure and protect workers; for the exposure results detected in this research, it is also plain that exposures must be subject to health surveillance.
Midbrain Injury in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Kwon Young Hyeon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We investigated the characteristics of midbrain injuries in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Twenty-seven patients with SAH and 25 healthy control subjects were recruited for this study. Fractional anisotropy (FA) data were obtained for four regions of the midbrain (the anterior ventral midbrain, posterior ventral midbrain, tegmentum area, and tectum) in 27 hemispheres that did not show any pathology other than SAH. The mean FA values of the four regions of the midbrain (anterior ventral midbrain, posterior ventral midbrain, tegmentum, and tectum) of the patient group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The mean FA values of the patient group were significantly different among the anterior ventral midbrain, posterior ventral midbrain, tegmentum, and tectum regions (ANOVA; F = 3.22, p < 0.05). Post hoc testing showed that the mean FA value of the anterior ventral midbrain was significantly lower than those of the posterior ventral midbrain, tegmentum, and tectum (p < 0.05); in contrast, there were no differences in mean FA values of the posterior ventral midbrain, tegmentum, and tectum (p > 0.05). We detected evidence of neural injury in all four regions of the midbrain of patients with SAH, and the anterior ventral midbrain was the most severely injured among four regions of the midbrain. Our results suggest that a pathophysiological mechanism of these neural injuries might be related to the occurrence of a subarachnoid hematoma.
Distinct Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclogenesis During Inactive Intraseasonal Phase of August 1996 and 2014
Authors: Cao Xi , Wu Renguang , Xu Jing , Dai Yifeng , Bi Mingyu , Lan Xiaoqing , Zhang Xiping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
While intraseasonal oscillation was in the inactive phase over the western North Pacific (WNP) during August of 1996 and 2014, no tropical cyclone (TC) genesis occurred in August of 2014, whereas 9 TCs (average 5.7 TCs) formed in August of 1996 with 5 TCs in the northeastern part (the largest number since 1979) and 4 TCs in the southwestern part. The present analysis reveals an obvious southwest-northeast-oriented lower-level wave train over the WNP associated with anomalous convection around the Maritime Continent in August 1996. This wave train induced anomalous cyclone and enhanced convection over the northeastern WNP, which provided a favorable background for TC genesis. Over the southwestern WNP, although monthly mean anomalies were unfavorable, the intraseasonal variation contributed to positive vorticity anomalies at the time and location of TC genesis. In contrast, both monthly anomalies and daily variations of environment factors were hostile to TC genesis during August 2014.
Lupeol Stearate Accelerates Healing and Prevents Recurrence of Gastric Ulcer in Rodents
Authors: Somensi Lincon Bordignon , Costa Philipe , Boeing Thaise , Mariano Luisa Nathalia , Gregório Elizama , Silva Aline Teixeira Maciel e , Longo Bruna , Locatelli Claudriana , de Souza Priscila , Magalhães Cássia Gonçalves , Duarte Lucienir Pain , Silva Luísa Mota da 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The gastric healing and gastric ulcer recurrence preventive effect of Lupeol Stearate (LS) was measured in this study. To evaluate the gastric healing effect, rats were submitted to the 80% acetic acid-induced ulcer model and treated with vehicle (1 ml/kg, p.o.), LS (1 mg/kg, p.o.) or omeprazole (20 mg/kg, p.o.) twice a day for seven days. The gastric injury was evaluated macroscopically, histologically and histochemical; and biochemical parameters were also quantified. To evaluate the effects of LS on gastric ulcer recurrence, mice were ulcerated by gastric instillation of 10% acetic acid and treated with vehicle (1 ml/kg, p.o.), LS (1 mg/kg, p.o.) or ranitidine (20 mg/kg, p.o.) twice a day for ten days. Then, the ulcer recurrence in these animals was induced by IL- 1β (1 µg/kg i.p) at five day after the end of the treatment period. The area of the lesion recurred were measured, as well as the activity of myeloperoxidase and TNF levels. Oral treatment with LS accelerated gastric healing by 63% compared to the group treated with vehicle, which was also evidenced by histological improvement and increased production of mucin in the gastric epithelium. LS elevated the activity of the glutathione S-transferase and reduced the activity of myeloperoxidase, but did not change the levels of reduced glutathione or the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase at the ulcer site in rats. Regarding the recurrence, the LS treatment reduced the recurred lesions, reducing MPO activity but not TNF levels at ulcer site. It can be concluded that LS promotes the healing of gastric lesions by favoring the mucus production and reducing the migration of neutrophils and that it can reduce the severity of the ulcer recurrence.
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Features In Post COVID19 Fungal Endophthalmitis In Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mahendradas Padmamalini , Sanjay Srinivasan , Shettiagar Apeksha , Kawali Ankush , Gowda Poornachandra B , Bhajantri Manoj , Sawarkar Komal Chandrashekhar , Shetty Rohit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection with aggressive treatment has resulted in immunosuppression, and co-existing comorbidities that have made patients vulnerable to secondary infections including fungal infections. Purpose: We describe the clinical presentation, various diagnostic methods including in-vivo confocal microscopy features, management and clinical outcomes in Post COVID-19 fungal endophthalmitis in type II diabetics. Methods: Prospective, interventional study on two patients who recovered from COVID-19 who developed endogenous endophthalmitis presented to a tertiary eye care centre in South India. Results: Fungal infection was diagnosed based on clinical features, confocal microscopy, molecular diagnostic methods and culture methods. Two patients were treated with topical, intravitreal and systemic antifungal therapy. Conclusion: We report for the first time two cases of post COVID-19 fungal endophthalmitis in two diabetic patients with confocal features. High index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and appropriate management can improve the visual outcome in post COVID-19 fungal endophthalmitis cases.
Research on the Health State Evaluation Method of Coal Shearer Based on Improved XGBoost
Authors: Li Yanchuan , Cao Xiangang , Zhang Mengyuan , Duan Xinyu , Zhao Youjun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The health evaluation of shearers has always been a hot and difficult point in the study of shearer health management. In this paper, aiming at the problems of redundancy of current shearer status evaluation parameters and imbalance of the evaluation data set, this paper proposes a shearer health status evaluation method based on the improved extreme boosting tree algorithm (XGBoost). First of all, in view of the redundancy of the multi-dimensional monitoring parameters of the shearer, the SP correlation coefficient combining the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Person correlation coefficient is proposed. According to the calculation results of the SP correlation coefficient, the shearer health indicator is screened out, and the coal mining machine is constructed. Machine health evaluation index system; In view of the poor interpretability of traditional neural network evaluation methods and the unbalanced data of the shearer data set categories, a shearer health evaluation method based on improved XGBoost is proposed, and the evaluation of the XGBoost model Key parameters such as the maximum depth of the tree max_depth, the minimum leaf node weight and min_child_weight are improved and tuned; finally, the evaluation model verification and analysis are carried out through the shearer instance data set. The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the health status evaluation method based on the improved XGBoost can reach 98.50%, and the average F1 average can reach 97.61%, which can effectively solve the problem of imbalance of the data set and the problem of status evaluation.
A meta-analysis on the risk factors adjusted association between cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 severity
Authors: Xu Jie , Xiao Wenwei , Liang Xuan , Shi Li , Zhang Peihua , Wang Ying , Wang Yadong , Yang Haiyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the most common comorbidities of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been suspected to be associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients, but their correlation remains controversial.
Method
This is a quantitative meta-analysis on the basis of adjusted effect estimates. PubMed, Web of Science, MedRxiv, Scopus, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library and EMBASE were searched comprehensively to obtain a complete data source up to January 7, 2021. Pooled effects (hazard ratio (HR), odds ratio (OR)) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the risk of the adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients with CVD. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran’s Q-statistic, I²test, and meta-regression. In addition, we also provided the prediction interval, which was helpful for assessing whether the variation across studies was clinically significant. The robustness of the results was evaluated by sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was assessed by Begg’s test, Egger’s test, and trim-and-fill method.
Result
Our results revealed that COVID-19 patients with pre-existing CVD tended more to adverse outcomes on the basis of 203 eligible studies with 24,033,838 cases (pooled ORs = 1.41, 95% CIs: 1.32–1.51, prediction interval: 0.84–2.39; pooled HRs = 1.34, 95% CIs: 1.23–1.46, prediction interval: 0.82–2.21). Further subgroup analyses stratified by age, the proportion of male, study design, disease types, sample size, region and disease outcomes also showed that pre-existing CVD was significantly associated with adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated that pre-existing CVD was an independent risk factor associated with adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients.
Using a Theoretical Framework to Inform Implementation of the Patient-centred Medical Home (PCMH) Model in Primary Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Mazevska Deniza , Pearse Jim , Tierney Stephanie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The patient centred-medical home (PCMH) was conceived to address problems that primary care practices around the world are facing, particularly in managing the increasing numbers of patients with multiple chronic diseases. The problems include fragmentation, lack of access and poor coordination. The PCMH is a complex intervention combining high-quality primary care with evidence-based disease management. Becoming a PCMH takes time and resources, and there is a lack of empirically informed guidance for practices. Previous reviews of PCMH implementation have identified barriers and enablers but failed to analyse the complex relationships between factors involved in implementation. Using a theoretical framework can help with this, giving a better understanding of how and why interventions work or do not work. This review will aim to refine an existing theoretical framework for implementing organisational change – the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) – to apply to the implementation of the PCMH in primary care.Methods: We will use the ‘best fit’ framework approach to synthesise evidence for implementing the PCMH in primary care. We will analyse evidence from empirical studies against CFIR constructs. Where studies have identified barriers and enablers to implementing the PCMH not represented in the CFIR constructs, we will use thematic analysis to develop additional constructs to refine the CFIR. Searches will be undertaken in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection (including Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index) and CINAHL. Gaps arising from the database search will be addressed through snowballing, citation tracking and review of reference lists of systematic reviews of the PCMH. We will accept qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods primary research studies published in peer-reviewed publications. A stakeholder group will provide input to the review.Discussion: The review will result in a refined theoretical framework that can be used by primary care practices to guide implementation of the PCMH. Narrative accompanying the refined framework will explain how the constructs (existing and added) work together to successfully implement the PCMH in primary care. The unpopulated CFIR constructs will be used to identify where further primary research may be needed.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021235960