bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Street name changes as language and identity inscription in the cityscape
Authors: Tan Peter K. W. , Purschke Christoph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article examines the role of language selection in constructing the cityscape of highly multilingual, postcolonial places like Malaysia and Namibia. The relationship between language policy, the construction of a national identity as well as linguistic inscriptions in the cityscape can be seen as part of language planning in relation to what gets represented, by whom, and for what purpose. We focus on street names as a typical target of language policy. In postcolonial societies, these renegotiations of the cityscape can be analysed against the backdrop of different processes, such as the erasure of names commemorating the colonial past, the inscription of important figures of the newly established nations, or the curation of the language regime with respect to the presence and symbolical function of languages. Using contrastive data and methodology, we analyse the renegotiation of postcolonial cityscapes in Kuala Lumpur (historical city centre, map data, large time span) and Windhoek (entire cityscape, newspaper reports, short time span). Our analysis establishes a notion of how the cityscape as a complex sociosymbolic text is being constantly rewritten by its actors. We find different motives attached to such processes of cultural representation, including national identity building and ideological consolidation of the cityscape.
Social networks and eating disorders during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Vaccaro Concetta M. , Guarino Giulia , Conte Dario , Ferrara Emanuela , Ragione Laura Dalla , Bracale Renata 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study is to assess the increase both in the use of the Internet and social media and in Google searches regarding eating disorders (ED) in Italy during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our aim is also to verify the possible impact of such an increase on ED, since patients treated for ED by the National Health Service (NHS) have increased in the first 6 months of 2020 as well.

Method
We used data from Wearesocial surveys on Internet users in the first 6 months of 2020 and the Google searches related to the query of “food disorders” and “body shaming.” The first results of a project of the Italian Ministry of Health on ED have been considered too.

Results
The social media users in July 2020 increased to 60% of the Italian population; a tendential increase in Google searches on these issues has emerged. Finally, new patients of NHS with ED showed a high increase in the first 6 months of 2020 (+40.9%).

Conclusion
Considering the contents diffused on the Internet, it is fundamental to watch over net usage in the adolescent population and those with ED, because massive access to social media can be considered almost as a risk factor.
Differential Effects of Cerebellar Degeneration on Feedforward versus Feedback Control across Speech and Reaching Movements
Authors: Parrell Benjamin , Kim Hyosub E. , Breska Assaf , Saxena Arohi , Ivry Richard 
Published: August 2021

Errors that result from a mismatch between predicted movement outcomes and sensory afference are used to correct ongoing movements through feedback control and to adapt feedforward control of future movements. The cerebellum has been identified as a critical part of the neural circuit underlying implicit adaptation across a wide variety of movements (reaching, gait, eye movements, and speech). The contribution of this structure to feedback control is less well understood. Although it has recently been shown in the speech domain that individuals with cerebellar degeneration produce larger online corrections for sensory perturbations than control participants, similar behavior has not been observed in other motor domains. Currently, comparisons across domains are limited by different population samples and potential ceiling effects in existing tasks. To assess the relationship between changes in feedforward and feedback control associated with cerebellar degeneration across motor domains, we evaluated adaptive (feedforward) and compensatory (feedback) responses to sensory perturbations in reaching and speech production in human participants of both sexes with cerebellar degeneration and neurobiologically healthy controls. As expected, the cerebellar group demonstrated impaired adaptation in both reaching and speech. In contrast, the groups did not differ in their compensatory response in either domain. Moreover, compensatory and adaptive responses in the cerebellar group were not correlated within or across motor domains. These results point to a general impairment in feedforward control with spared feedback control in cerebellar degeneration. However, the magnitude of feedforward impairments and potential changes in feedback-based control manifest in a domain-specific manner across individuals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe cerebellum contributes to feedforward updating of movement in response to sensory errors, but its role in feedback control is less understood. Here, we tested individuals with cerebellar degeneration (CD), using sensory perturbations to assess adaptation of feedforward control and feedback gains during reaching and speech production tasks. The results confirmed that CD leads to reduced adaption in both domains. However, feedback gains were unaffected by CD in either domain. Interestingly, measures of feedforward and feedback control were not correlated across individuals within or across motor domains. Together, these results indicate a general impairment in feedforward control with spared feedback control in CD. However, the magnitude of feedforward impairments manifests in a domain-specific manner across individuals.
El fraude académico: Un análisis de estudio cualitativo del alumnado en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia
Authors: Campo-Acosta Germain 
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Develar los significados que emergieron de los estudiantes sobre la práctica del fraude académico, como acto presente durante la formación académica. Método: Este estudio se abordó mediante el paradigma cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico y utilizando como metodología la Teoría Fundada, dentro del marco conceptual del interaccionismo simbólico. Como herramienta de recolección de datos se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada a profundidad que permitió el análisis de las visiones, creencias, valores e ideologías que se produjeron entre los entrevistados. Resultados: El estudio mostró que, para los estudiantes, el fraude es considerado como una acción válida y consentida dentro del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje, donde el imperativo categórico es subordinado a la vía fácil, práctica o necesaria para conseguir los objetivos académicos. Discusión y Conclusiones: Los significados que se tejen en los estudiantes del grupo de estudio alrededor del fraude, nos muestran que se ha elaborado un constructo conceptual donde el fraude es una opción válida, cimentada sobre unos valores basados en las necesidades individuales que dejan de lado los códigos deontológicos y de esta manera se convive con él sin mayores reflexiones.
Relation between score for allergic rhinitis and immunoglobulin-E levels in the local population
Authors: Thejas Saai Ram , Vijay Bharath Reddy C. R. 
Published: August 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most prevalent atopic disease in the world. It involves clinical hypersensitivity of the nasal mucosa to foreign substances mediated through immunoglobulin E antibodies. The quantitative Score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) ranging between 0 and 16 has been in use from 2002.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 240 patients diagnosed with Persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) were taken to be part of the study after proper consent irrespective of the severity of symptoms. Each patient filled out the SFAR form before the treatment commenced. Serum IgE levels were noted and treatment was started which included oral and topical antihistamines, oral leukotriene receptor antagonists along with intranasal steroids. The IgE values were assessed along with the SFAR values side by side to look for any association. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It was noted that the individuals with identified triggers of allergy and those with a positive family history of allergy had a considerable higher IgE value as compared to those who did not. The ones with a trigger identified as a cause had a 54.88% higher IgE value. The ones with positive family history had 47.12% higher IgE than the ones without a history of allergy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patients with well-defined trigger agents of allergy and positive family history of allergy are at a higher risk as they have a higher IgE value. They should be advised regular follow-ups and be monitored closely.</p>
A retrospective study on middle ear risk indices in analysing the post-operative outcome following tympanoplasty
Authors: P. Risvana P. , K. Mubeena 
Published: August 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media is a highly prevalent disease of middle ear. As tympanoplasty plays an important role in management of otitis media it is important to predict the outcome of surgery and give proper counselling to the patient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Middle ear risk index (MERI) in determining postoperative graft uptake and postoperative air bone gap closure following tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study conducted to find the correlation between MERI and the result of tympanoplasty outcome and post-operative hearing gain. Ninety-six subjects who underwent tympanoplasty for chronic otitis media were included in the study. MERI score was calculated and was compared with postoperative graft uptake and audiogram. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study there was no statistical difference in graft uptake between the MERI categories. There was statistically significant decrease in postoperative air bone gap closure in both mild and moderate categories. Other prognostic factors associated with a favourable outcome were healthy middle ear mucosa and absence of smoking.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> MERI did not have a direct impact on the outcome of surgery in terms of graft uptake and hearing results. However certain factors like Belluci’s criteria and smoking had an impact on the outcome. Hence MERI can be used for pre-operative counselling of the patients.</p>
An unusual long standing metallic foreign body in nasopharynx in an adult
Authors: K. Freni J. , Jo Jibu K. , Sankar Prasanth 
Published: August 2021

<p class="abstract">This case report was to highlight the occurrence of a long standing unusual foreign body in the nasopharynx in an adult. Foreign bodies are common in ENT practice universally. At times they may present as emergency requiring urgent intervention and many a times they go unnoticed as these are not suspected. Nasopharyngeal foreign bodies are rare in any age group. A 70 year old man presented to neurology department with complaints of headache of 1 month duration. CT brain angiography showed atherosclerotic wall calcifications in bilateral cavernous segment of ICA and there was an incidental detection of a metallic foreign body in the posterior wall of oropharynx. History revealed accidental ingestion of a ring into mouth at 1 year of age. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) was done, FB (foreign body) ring was seen at the level of left torus tubarius in nasopharynx and same removed in to intraorally. Care should be taken while removing these FBs. Digital manipulation for removal of such FBs are hazardous and should be avoided at all cost.</p>
Risk Factors of Extubation Failure in Intubated Preterm Infants at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
Authors: Al Mandhari Hilal KT , Al Riyami Buthina , Khan Ashfaq , Nonoyama Mika , Rizvi Syed GA 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To determine extubation failure (EF) rate among intubated preterm infants (<37 weeks gestational age [GA]) admitted to a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Oman and identify the risk factors associated with EF. Methods: Charts of all intubated preterm infants (<37 weeks GA) from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. EF was defined as reintubation within 7 days of planned extubation. Demographics, ventilation parameters, blood gas values and other possible risk factors of EF were collected. Statistical analysis included comparisons between EF and extubation success (ES) groups, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 190 preterm infants were intubated during the study period, with 140 eligible for analysis. N=106 were successfully extubated; 34 (24.3%) failed extubation. GA <28 weeks (p=0.029), lower 1-minute APGAR score (p=0.023) and patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis (PDA) (p=0.018) were significantly associated with EF. After the multivariate analysis, only GA <28 weeks predicted EF with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.62 (1.17 – 6.15). Conclusions: EF rate in preterm infants admitted at our NICU in Oman, was within international rates. GA <28 weeks was the only predictor of extubation failure identified. Neonatal practitioners need to seriously consider extreme prematurity in extubation process and consider implementing strategies to decrease extubation failure in this group of fragile infants.
Keywords: Premature Infants; Neonate; Airway Extubation; Extubation Failure, Risk Factors.
Epidémiologie des parasites des ovins de la zone Sud forestière de la Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Komoin Oka C. , Zinsstag Jakob , Pandey V.S. , Fofana F. , N'Depo A. 
Published: August 2021

Une étude épidémiologique du parasitisme des ovins de race Djallonké a été menée en Côte d’Ivoire, dans la zone sud forestière qui bénéficie d’un climat tropical. Six moutons ont été autopsiés tous les mois durant deux années, d’août 1994 à juillet 1996 (n = 145). La faune parasitaire comportait neuf espèces de nématodes qui étaient, par ordre de prévalence, Trichostrongylus colubriformis (89,7 p. 100), Haemonchus contortus (84,1 p. 100), Strongy- loides papillosus (49,7 p. 100), Cooperia curticei (42,1 p. 100), Oesophago-stomum columbianum (25,5 p. 100), Gaigeria pachyscelis (20,2 p. 100), Trichostrongylus axei (11,7 p. 100), Trichuris globulosa (11,7 p. 100) et Bunostomum trigonocephalum (2,1 p. 100). Elle comportait également trois cestodes (Moniezia benedeni, M. expansa et Cysticercus tenuicollis) et trois trématodes (Paramphistomum spp., Dicrocoelium hospes et Fasciola gigantica). Les autres parasites observés au cours de l’étude étaient des coccidies, des microfilaires, des protozoaires (Babesia ovis, Trypanosoma brucei, T. congolense et T. vivax) et des œstres (Oestrus ovis). Des variations saisonnières du parasitisme ont été mises en évidence, mais sans hypobiose larvaire. Les intensités parasitaires et l’excrétion d’œufs d’helminthes sont restées modérées tout au long de l’année. Les animaux âgés de moins d’un an et les mâles avaient des intensités plus élevées que les autres ovins. Un schéma de prophylaxie antiparasitaire est proposé.
Environmental Stressors and Well-Being on Middle-Aged and Elderly People: The Mediating Role of Outdoor Leisure Behaviour and Place Attachment
Authors: Yuan Kuo-Shu , Wu Tung-Ju 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study develops a relational model of how environmental stressors, place attachment, and outdoor leisure are related to urban green zones and accordingly, Fujian Province in China is studied as our case problem. The research participates primarily middle-aged and elderly residents. In total, 871 valid questionnaires are retrieved. Structural equation modelling and path analysis are used to verify the model’s fitness. The results indicate that environmental stressors and outdoor leisure are significantly negatively correlated. In addition, the outdoor leisure and place attachment are significantly positively correlated. As such, the place attachment and well-being are significantly positively correlated. However, the place attachment and outdoor leisure mediated the relationship between environmental stressors and well-being. The mediating path indicated that middle-aged and elderly residents face severe environmental stressors and will engage in a few outdoor leisure activities, resulting in low well-being. Furthermore, when middle-aged and elderly residents face severe environmental stressors, they have increased place attachment, thereby increasing their well-being. The findings can serve as a reference for environmental management agencies and future researchers.
Dietary Intakes in Pregnant Women with Previous Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Gagnon Geneviève , Carreau Anne-Marie , Plante Anne-Sophie , Savard Claudia , Lemieux Simone , Weisnagel S. John , Gagnon Claudia , Veillette Johanne , Michaud Andréanne , Marceau Simon , Biertho Laurent , Tchernof André , Morisset Anne-Sophie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To 1) compare dietary intakes of pregnant women with previous bariatric surgery with the Dietary reference intakes (DRIs); 2); compare their dietary intakes as well as their diet quality with a control group of pregnant women with no history of bariatric surgery. Methods: Twenty-eight (28) pregnant women with previous surgery (sleeve gastrectomy, n=7 and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, n=21) were matched for pre-pregnancy body mass index with 28 pregnant women with no history of surgery. In at least one trimester, participants completed a minimum of 2 Web-based 24-h dietary recalls from which energy, macro- and micronutrient intakes as well as the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) were derived. Results: No differences were observed for energy intake between groups. All women had protein intakes within the recommended range, but most women with previous surgery had carbohydrate (67 %) and dietary fiber intakes (98 %) below recommendations. In both groups, mean total fat, saturated fatty acids, free sugars and sodium intakes were above recommendations, as opposed to mean vitamin D, folic acid and iron dietary intakes below recommendations for most women. Compared with the control group, pregnant women with previous bariatric surgery had lower overall C-HEI scores. Conclusion: These results suggest that pregnant women with previous bariatric surgery would benefit from a nutritional follow-up throughout their pregnancy.Level of evidenceLevel III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies
MicroRNA-1246 Suppresses the Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting the DYRK1A/PGRN Axis to Prevent The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Wang Pan , Chen Wenju , Zhang Yaqiong , Zhong Qianyi , Li Zhaoyun , Wang Yichao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective. Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant and highly heterogeneous tumors in women. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-1246, play important roles in various types of malignant cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the biological role of miR-1246 in TNBC has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we studied the role of miR-1246 in the occurrence and development of TNBC and its mechanism of action.Methods. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, and Transwell assays were performed to observe the effects of miR-1246 on TNBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was detected by western blotting. Dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine whether DYRK1A is a novel target of miR-1246. In addition, an immunoprecipitation experiment was performed to verify the binding of DYRK1A to PGRN. Rescue experiments were performed to determine whether DYRK1A is a novel target of miR-1246 and whether miR-1246 suppresses the metastasis of breast cancer cells by targeting the DYRK1A/PGRN axis to prevent the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Results. Our results show that miR‑1246 suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells and that DYRK1A is a novel target of miR-1246. MiR‑1246 plays a suppressive role in the regulation of the EMT of TNBC cells by targeting DYRK1A. DYRK1A mediates the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via activation of the EMT. We identified PGRN as a novel DYRK1A-interacting protein. DYRK1A and PGRN act together to regulate the occurrence and development of breast cancer through miR-1246.Conclusion. miR-1246 attenuates TNBC cell invasion and the EMT by targeting the DYRK1A/PGRN axis. Our data suggest that miR‑1246 may be used to develop novel early-stage diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TNBC.
Building a Country-Wide Fistula Treatment Network in Kenya: Results From the First Six Years (2014-2020)
Authors: Pollaczek Lindsey , Ayadi Alison M. El , Mohamed Habiba C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
It is estimated that one million women worldwide live with untreated fistula, a devastating injury primarily caused by prolonged obstructed labor when women do not have access to timely emergency obstetric care. Women with fistula are incontinent of urine and/or feces and often suffer severe social and psychological consequences such as profound stigma and depression. Obstetric fistula affects economically vulnerable women and garners little attention on the global health stage. Exact figures on fistula incidence and prevalence are not known. In Kenya, results from a population-based survey suggest that approximately 120,000 reproductive-aged women have experienced fistula-like symptoms.In 2013, Fistula Foundation designed a program to significantly increase country-wide fistula treatment capacity in Kenya by addressing key barriers that limit women’s ability to receive treatment. Launched as Action on Fistula, and later becoming the Fistula Treatment Network, this model created a network of hospitals, a training center for surgeons and healthcare providers, and robust community outreach and reintegration activities. The Fistula Treatment Network was implemented by Fistula Foundation in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Kenyan non-governmental and community-based organizations. Fistula Foundation and its donors provided the program’s funding, with seed funding, representing about 30% of the program budget, provided by Astellas Pharma EMEA.Over a six-year period, 2014-2020, the network supported 6,223 surgeries at seven hospitals, established a fistula training center and trained eleven surgeons, trained 424 Community Health Volunteers, conducted extensive outreach to all 47 counties in Kenya, and contributed to the National Strategic Framework to End Female Genital Fistula. At 12 months post fistula repair, 96% of women in a community setting reported that they were dry and not experiencing any incontinence and the proportion of women reporting normal functioning increased from 18% at baseline to 85% at twelve-months. The Fistula Foundation’s Fistula Treatment Network model increased access to fistula care services, strengthened the healthcare workforce, improved understanding of fistula and reduced stigma in a community setting. This integrated approach is an effective and replicable model for building capacity to deliver comprehensive fistula care services in other countries where the burden of fistula is high.