bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MOTIVASI TERHADAP GAIRAH KARJA GURU PADA SMP NEGERI 2 BELITANG OKUTIMUR
Authors: Kurniawan Setia , Susanti Deviana , Malinda Reka , Saputra Wahid Eka 
Published: May 2021

Teachers are learning agents who have a very important role in educating the nation to achieve educational goals. As a learning agent, teachers must have a passion for work in carrying out their duties. If they do not have a passion for work, how can they guide their students to achieve the specified minimum learning competencies? Therefore, work passion is a problem that needs to be given a solution through motivation. This study aims to determine whether motivation has an effect on work passion, with the object of research being the teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Belitang OKU Timur. The hypothesis proposed is that "There is a significant influence between motivation on the morale of teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Belitang OKU Timur". Data collection techniques by means of library research, field, and questionnaires. While the analytical tools used are qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Based on the calculation, it turns out that r = 0.797 after being consulted with a conservative standard, it turns out that 0.797 lies between 0.600 - 0.799 which mean it belongs to a strong correlation or influence. Then to answer the hypothesis proposed in the previous chapter has a relationship or not, then tested by testing the hypothesis and obtained t = 3.6393 and "t" table obtained 1.860. It can be concluded that the "t" count is greater than the "t" table, namely 3.6393> 1.860. Thus the hypothesis can be accepted (Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected). As for the suggestions that can be given to achieve optimal goals from the agency, it is better if a leader gives encouragement or motivation to teachers in the agency environment so that teachers can work in accordance with what is expected by the agency.
Aglomeração legal e morte indeterminada: economia prisional e pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Fernandes Ionara dos Santos 
Published: May 2021

O texto tem por objetivo problematizar os impactos de algumas medidas estatais de enfrentamento a pandemia ao novo coronavírus no sistema prisional brasileiro. O diálogo é produzido com base nas literaturas temáticas contemporâneas e nas reflexões coletivas e documentos apresentados pelo Mecanismo Estadual de Prevenção e Combate à Tortura do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados revelam que as estratégias adotadas pelos órgãos que compõem o sistema de justiça criminal e o sistema prisional potencializam a proliferação da Covid-19 entre presos e presas, promovendo a política de morte do estado e fortalecendo ações privadas lucrativas fundamentais a reprodução do neoliberalismo.
Analisa Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Pembiayaan di Indonesia
Authors: Esomar Maria 
Published: May 2021

The financing industry in Indonesia faces significant challenges due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The amount of financing channeled to the public and debtors’ ability to pay decreases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on the financial performance of finance companies by analyzing financial ratios, namely the Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), NPF (NonPerforming Financing (NPF) Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). This study applies a quantitative approach because the data collected are numbers. The data used are secondary data in the form of finance company statistics published by the Financial Services Authority (OJK), within the period of 9 months before (June 2019 - February 2020) and 9 months after (April 2020 - December 2020) the announcement of the first Covid-19 case in Indonesia on March 2nd, 2020. The test is conducted using th Paired Sample T-Test. The results of the data processing display that there are differences in the financial performance of finance companies in Indonesia before and after the Covid-19 which can be seen from the results of the Table of Paired Sample T-Test for the ratio of FDR, NPF, ROA, and ROE.
Keywords : Financial performance, FDR, NPF, ROA, ROE
Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka terhadap Perubahan Paradigma Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Tinggi: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Simatupang Elizabeth , Yuhertiana Indrawati 
Published: May 2021

Abstrak
Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka adalah kebijakan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan yang bertujuan mendorong mahasiswa agar menguasai berbagai keilmuan untuk memasuki dunia kerja. Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka sesuai dengan Permendikbud Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan literatur review yang memungkinkan dapat memberikan penelitian lainnya yang diperoleh dari bahan acuan untuk dijadikan landasan kegiatan penelitian terhadap perubahan paradigma pembelajaran pada pendidikan tinggi. Data yang diambil dalam penelitian ini melalui pencarian dari beberapa artikel-artikel yang terkait dengan kebijakan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan yang bertujuan memberikan kesempatan bagi mahasiswa untuk melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran dalam program studi lain pada perguruan tinggi yang berbeda dengan proses pembelajaran yang melalui media tatap muka mapun secara jaringan (daring). Tujuan penelitian ini sesuai dalam PERMENDIKBUD No. 3 Tahun 2020 tentang standar nasional pendidikan tinggi. Program ini untuk mendorong mahasiswa agar bisa menguasai beragam kompetensi dan program ini diharapkan agar mahasiswa mampu meningkatkan kompetensi lulusan baik softskill maupun hardskill untuk siap dengan kebutuhan zaman dan menyiapkan lulusan yang unggul, bermoral dan beretika.
Water Extract of Dragon Fruit Peel Catalyzed Synthesis of Dihydropyridines By Hantzsch Condensation
Authors: Saifan Abdulfatah Abdullah Abdu , Al-horaibi Sultan Abduh 
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, natural substances are increasingly used in organic synthesis for their safety aspects towards the environment. That is why we identified a natural substance through which it promoted the organic reaction, and it could be sustainable and from plant sources obtained, and through this natural substance, it promotes the synthesis of dihydropyridine and its derivatives under solvent-free conditions. We have resorted to this method, being economical, free of minerals and solvents, to create highly functional dihydropyridine derivatives. It is promoted by the water extract of dragon Fruit (WED) at a temperature of (800C) . these (WED) promoted reactions are found to afford high yield for the desired products and this method is Protocol an alternative to the current procedures.
Increasing Reading Competence of Recount Text through Jigsaw Learning Model with Picture of “Sungai Kehidupan”
Authors: Pujiasih Erna 
Published: May 2021

This research aims to increase reading ability of recount text. The research is done because only 43% students who passed reading test. Subject of research was 36 students in class of XI IPS 2 SMA Negeri 1 Bantul. The are two cycles in conducting a classroom action. Every cycles consist of planning, action, observation, and reflection in jigsaw learning model. The data of research are observation, questioner, test and interview in understanding recount text with “sungai kehidupan” which is related to biography and historical recount through jigsaw learning model. Based on the test result obtained increasing reading ability from 42% to 83%, response data of learning are 0.6% of students very agree, 80% agree and 9,4% disagree. From questioner, students can understand the text, enjoying, variety, effective, creative, cooperation, critical thinking, and fascinating in learning. This learning model is very useful for students so they can interest in studying, variety of teaching and suitable for teacher to teach recount text with “sungai kehidupan”.
Penerapan Model Think Pair Share dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi, Aktivitas dan Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Arab
Authors: Suharti Sri 
Published: May 2021

Mayoritas peserta didik beranggapan bahwa Bahasa Arab merupakan pelajaran paling sulit. 89,25% dari peserta didik kelas VII F tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 di MTs Negeri 1 Bantul belum pernah belajar Bahasa Arab, dan ini menyebabkan peserta didik tidak memiliki motivasi dan aktivitas yang tinggi dalam mempelajari Bahasa Arab. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan motivasi, aktivitas dan prestasi belajar Bahasa Arab. Pada studi prasiklus, peserta didik yang mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) sebanyak dua orang dan nilai rata-rata 41,25. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran Bahasa Arab melalui penerapan Think Pair Share (TPS). Model pembelajaran TPS menekankan peningkatan motivasi dan aktivitas belajar dengan cara berdiskusi, berbagi informasi dengan classmate dan berinteraksi dengan sumber belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Coast Classroom Action Research dengan dua siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan dan satu kali tes siklus. Data motivasi dan aktivitas belajar diperoleh dari observasi setiap pertemuan. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil bahwa TPS mampu meningkatkan nilai rata-rata 41,25 pada prasiklus meningkat 69,74 pada siklus ke-1, dan meningkat 73,34 pada siklus ke-2. TPS juga meningkatkan jumlah ketuntasan mencapai KKM 70 pada prasiklus 2 (6,25%) meningkat 14 (43,75%) pada siklus ke-1, dan 19 (59,37%) pada siklus ke-2.
Pemanfaatan Blended Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Gerak Dasar Bermain Bola Basket pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Margiyani Margiyani 
Published: May 2021

Best practice ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan gerak dasar bermain bola basket siswa pada masa pandemi covid-19 dengan menerapkan blended leraning. Subjek penulisan best practice ini adalah peserta didik kelas VI SD Negeri Kedungtangkil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 22 peserta didik, terdiri dari 13 siswa laki-laki dan 9 siswa perempuan. Best practice ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan dokumentasi serta dianalisis secara deskripsi kualitatif. Observasi dengan rubrik pengamatan menghasilkan data persentase kemampuan peserta didik dalam melakukan gerak dasar bermain bola basket. Best Pactice ini menggunakan model pembelajaran blended learning. Blended Learning merupakan model pembelajaran yang menggunakan campuran dari tiga komponen. Komponen tersebut meliputi pembelajaran daring, luring, dan belajar mandiri melalui interaksi sosial. Pembelajaran daring dilakukan dengan memberikan bahan ajar dan penugasan melalui whatsApp, dan google form. Pembelajaran luring dilakukan melalui kunjungan rumah secara berkala untuk mengklarifikasi tugas-tugas yang disampaikan secara daring dan memberi umpan balik hasil belajar mandiri. Hasil dari penerapan blended learning dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran praktik bermain bola basket. Peningkatan tersebut terjadi pada kemampuan Gerak Dasar memegang bola mengalami peningkatan sebesar 9, 47%, Menangkap bola meningkat sebesar12, 5%. Melempar bola meningkat sebesar 7, 2%, mendribling bola meningkat 7, 95%. Sedangkan kemampuan memasukan bola meningkat 14, 23%. Blended learning menjadi solusi pembelajaran penjasorkes pada masa pandemi covid-19 karena mampu meningkatkan persentase kemampuan peserta didik dalam menguasai materi. Kemampuan bermain bola basket secara umum meningkat dari rerata 66, 62 menjadi 76, 75, dan tuntas KKM.
BLAST LUNG INJURY: OUR EXPERIENCE AT A TERTIARY CARE MILITARY HOSPITAL
Authors: Burki Ahmed Mujadid , Mahboob Saira 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To study the management and mortality in patients with blast lung injury at a tertiary care military hospital.
Study Design: Prospective, observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Intensive Care Unit, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from Jan 2013 to Dec 2014.
Methodology: After approval from Hospital Ethics Committee, 38 patients diagnosed with blast lung injury who were admitted to intensive care unit were included in our study.
Results: The mean age was 29.68 ± 4.3 years and all the patients were male. The incidence of blast lung injury in trauma patients was 38 (10.2%). Most of the patients 18 (47.4%) had severe ARDS due to blast wave and most of the patients 28 (73.6%) required mechanical ventilation with lung protective strategy. The mortality in patients diagnosed with blast lung injury was 2 (5.2%).
Conclusion: Blast lung injury is a common complication in survivors of bomb blast. As military doctors who treat both armed forces as well civilian casualties from blast injuries; the physician treating blast injury should be conscious of risk of patient developing blast lung injury; so that early recognition and prompt management with lung protective strategy can prevent increased morbidity and mortality.
CHRONIC BREAST INFECTIONS: CHALLENGING CONDITION TO DIAGNOSE AND TREAT; AN OVERVIEW OF 70 CASES
Authors: Bano Razia , Chatha Sohail Saqib , Sana Faiza , Latif Humaira , Chatha Umar Farooq , Chatha Abdullah Zakaullah 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To share our experience of clinical features and management strategies for treatment of chronic breast infections.
Study Design: Case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Feb 2016 to Feb 2018.
Methodology: We prospectively enrolled patients with diagnosis of chronic breast infections over a period of two years. All patients with infections (less than one month old) were excluded from the study. We studied the demographic characteristics like age, clinical presentation, histopathological features, treatment given and response to the treatment.
Results: A total of 70 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients age was between 21-75 years with mean age of 42 ± 5 years. Most common clinical presentation was lump and in duration with abscess in 23 (33%) cases, mass with discharging sinuses in 16 (23%) cases, while 7 (10%) cases had recurrent abscess. Diagnosis was made on core biopsy in 21 cases and in remaining cases with incision and drainage. Histopathology confirmed diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous mastitis in 30 (43%) cases, acute on chronic mastitis in 27 (38%) and chronic granulomatous mastitis in 13 (18%) cases. Out of all cases 29 (41%) showed response to antibacterial treatment while 27 (38%) cases responded to anti tuberculous treatment. Spontaneous resolution occurred in 11 (16%) cases while 3 (4%) cases responded to antifungal treatment.
Conclusion: Chronic breast infections are a challenging condition to diagnose and treat for breast surgeons and can present with diverse range of clinical features.
COMPARISON OF STEROIDS TO NSAIDS, AND OTHER FORMS OF ANALGESIA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF POST-CHIKUNGUNYA ARTHRITIS
Authors: Alam Hamza , Umer Tahira Perveen , Khanum Iffat , Nazir Lubna , Erum Uzma , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To compare steroids with other treatment options like NSAIDS and other analgesics for management of postchikungunya arthritis based on visual analogue scale (VAS).
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Rheumatology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from Jan to Jul 2018.
Methodology: A total of 112 patients were included in this study, of both genders. Patients with history of fever >38.5°C and polyarthralgia who had positive chikungunya IgM serology or PCR were included in this study. Patients fulfilling inclusion criteria and who were treatment naïve were given NSAIDs or other analgesics if contraindication to NSAIDs was present. Those who had received 2 weeks of NSAIDs were given a single dose of intramuscular steroids. Response to treatment was characterized by clinical examination according to visual analogue scale (VAS) taken at baseline, 2 weeks and 4 weeks. All analyses will be conducted by using SPSS-20.
Results: Overall, 66 (58.9%) received steroids, 37 (33%) patients were given NSAIDs, and other forms of analgesics were prescribed to 9 (8%) patients. In nearly half of the patients, i.e. 57 (50.89%) partial response was seen, 13 (11.6%) showed complete response, while 42 (37.5%) had persistent arthralgia, which was statistically significant p-value <0.001.
Conclusion: This study shows that improvement in symptoms is seen with a single dose of intra-muscular steroid and it helped bring down the VAS score.
FREQUENCY OF GUILLIAN-BARRE SYNDROME AND ITS VARIANTS AT MILITARY HOSPITAL RAWALPINDI
Authors: Awan Marriam Hussain , Fazal Imran , Lodhi Muhammad Wajahat Alam , Anwer Ayesha , Azhar Rimsha , Qureshi Muhammad Waleed Hassan 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess the frequency, variants, clinical profile and outcome of patients admitted with the diagnosis of GuillianBarre Syndrome at neurology unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Neurology department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan to Dec 2018.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 42 patients of Guillian-Barre Syndrome admitted in hospital. Demographic profile included age, gender, and the symptoms with which the patient presented. Medical and neurological complications were also documented among the target population. Outcomes included recovery, shifting to intensive care unit and death.
Results: Out of 42 patients included in the final analysis 25 were male and 17 were female. Most of the patients presented with lower limb weakness followed by numbness. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy was the commonest while cranial nerve variant was least reported. Motor deficit were the commonest complication faced by the patients followed by respiratory involvement. Out of 42 patients, 34 (80.9%) recovered, 4 (9.5%) were shifted to the intensive care unit and 4 (9.5%) died.
Conclusion: This study gives an insight into the pattern of a fairly common neurological illness which if diagnosed and managed in time has a good outcome in our set up. Management of critically ill Guillian-Barre Syndrome patients involves a multidisciplinary team with a need of intensive care unit during the course of management. Variety of types and presentations should be part of training of neurology doctors as well as internal medicine doctors.
FREQUENCY AND CORRELATES OF MYOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES TAKING ATORVASTATIN
Authors: Butt Kamil Rehman , Khan Andaleeb , Muhammad Ali , Khan Jawad , Ali Ejaz , Zubair Usama Bin 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine the myopathy in patients with diabetes taking atorvastatin and look for the factors correlated with the presence of myopathy among these patients.
Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi from, Jul to Dec 2018.
Methodology: A total of 166 patients of both genders with type 2 diabetes mellitus taking atorvastatin for at least three to twelve months were included. Blood samples were drawn and Creatinine kinase (CK) levels were determined by automated analysis by colorimetry. Myopathy was taken as muscle symptoms associated with elevations in Creatinine Kinase at least 10 times the upper limit of normal.
Results: Mean age of patients was 51.530 ± 5.70 years with age range from 40-70 years with. Mean duration of diabetes was 6.174 ± 2.27 years, mean duration of taking atorvastatin 7.186 ± 2.17 months and mean creatinine kinase levels were 1760.325 ± 5111.71 IU/L. Males were 68.7% as compare to females 31.3%. Myopathy was seen in 8.4% patients. Long duration of Diabetes Mellitus and atorvastatin use was statistically significantly related with the presence of myopathy.
Conclusion: Myopathy was found in a significant number of patients taking atorvastatin. High risk population in our study emerged out to be patients with long duration of Diabetes Mellitus and long use of atorvastatin.
NOSOCOMIAL URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS, AND THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN SPINAL CORD INJURY PATIENTS AT A REHABILITATION SETTING
Authors: Ali Shah Syed Ali Raza , Naqvi Syeda Sarah , Butt Amir Waheed 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To identify frequency of nosocomial urinary tract infections along with their antibiotic susceptibility in spinal cord injury patients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Acute Spinal Ward, Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Apr to Oct 2016.
Methodology: Total 120 male and female patients of ages (18-70 years) with acute (>6 months) or chronic (>6 months) spinal cord injury admitted for rehabilitation and developing urinary tract infection 48 hours after admissionwere included. Patients whose culture results have polymicrobic bacteriuria samples, immune deficiency disorder and immunosuppressive therapy were excluded. Urine samples of all admitted patients suspected having urinary tract infections were collected and send to Armed Forces Institute of Pathology for culture sensitivity test showing isolated causative microorganisms and their antibiotics susceptibility.
Results: About 34.58 ± 12.59 years was mean age, 120 patients were included. In these were 97 (80.80%) male and 23 (19.20%) females with male to female ratio of 4.2:1. Frequency of nosocomial urinary tract infections was found in 83 (69.17%) and no nosocomial urinary tract infections in 37 (30.83%) patients. This study shows the frequency of antibiotic susceptibility in spinal cord injury patients as follows; Amikacin in 111 (92.50%), Gentamicin in 108 (90%), Imipenemin 113 (94.17%), Tazocin in 115 (95.83%), Ceftriaxone in 105 (87.50%), Nitrofurantoin in 89 (74.17%) and Ciprofloxacin in 96 (80.0%) patients.
Conclusion: This study shows that frequency of nosocomial urinary tract infections in spinal cord injury patients is high and tazocin and imipenem are the most sensitive antibiotics.
FREQUENCY OF REFRACTIVE ERROR AND AMBLYOPIA IN STRABISMUS IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP
Authors: Malik Noureen , Masud Hannan , Basit Imran , Noor Palwasha 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To see the frequency and compare the type of refractive error and strabismus in amblyopic versus non amblyopic children.
Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, from Jan to Jul 2019.
Methodology: The sample population comprised of 250 patients of new or previously diagnosed children with refractive error and strabismus presenting at children eye outdoor patient department of armed forces institute of ophthalmology. Strabismus was diagnosed by the consultant eye specialist on the basis of heterotropia at near or distance fixation. Amblyopia and refracttive error was assessed by a trained optometrist. Patients were classified into amblyopia and non- amblyopia groups. The type of squint and refractive error was noted down along with demographic details. Chi square test was used to assess thesignificance of association between various categorical variables.
Results: A total of 250 participants were included with a mean age of 5.00 ± 1.07 years. Out of total, 132 (52.8%) were males while 118 (47.2%) were females. One hundred and fifty (59.5%) patients were suffering from amblyopia while 100 (39.5%) patients were normal with comparable vision in both the eyes. Out of 150 amblyopic patients 134 (89.3%) were suffering from unilateral amblyopia while 16 (10.6%) patients had amblyopia in both the eyes. Out of refractive errors astigmatism was present in 83 (55.3 %) of amblyopia patients while hypermetropia was present in 54 (36%) of the patients. Out of total patients of strabismus, 95 (63.3%) of non-alternating esotropic patients..........