bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La democracia latinoamericana del siglo XXI
Authors: Carpio Cervantes Enrique 
Published: June 2021

A partir de los datos de un índice considerado minimalista -Freedom in The World de Freedom House-, uno declarado sustantivo -The Economist Intelligence Unit Democracy Index- y otro propuesto como maximalista-Índice de Desarrollo Democrático de América Latina, IDD-Lat-, este trabajo describe el estado y evolución de la democracia en América Latina entre 2000 y 2018. Los resultados confirman la tendencia hacia mayores déficits tanto en lo mínimo como en lo sustantivo o significativo, y que en la región coexisten algunas de las democracias más duraderas con una dictadura de guerra fría, dos nuevos autoritarismos y en medio, diversos grados de fragilidad y vulnerabilidad democráticas.
Regulación de riesgos socioambientales en Chile. El caso de la tenencia responsable de animales en la Región de La Araucanía
Authors: Vallejos-Romero Arturo , Sáez-Ardur Felipe , Aledo Antonio , Aznar-Crespo Pablo 
Published: June 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo describir y analizar el régimen de riesgo socioambiental de la fauna urbana y rural de perros y gatos con y sin dueño en la Región de La Araucanía (RLA) desde el Enfoque de Regulación de Riesgos (ERR). A través de una metodología cualitativa, entrevistas y un análisis de contenido, se configuró el régimen de regulación, lo cual evidenció avances en definiciones del objeto a regular, el empleo de conocimiento experto y el cambio conductual de instituciones. Sin embargo, se relevan insuficiencias en la atención al dominio, las dificultades para generar información, la escases de recursos económicos/humanos y comportamientos punitivos que interfieren en el trabajo educativo-preventivo. Estos avances y limitaciones en la regulación de riesgos socioambientales desafían la gobernanza los problemas asociados a la fauna urbana y rural de perros y gatos en Chile.
Desarticulación social y espacial como efecto de la política habitacional focalizada. Santiago de Chile, 1980 a 1997
Authors: Saavedra Valentina , Giannotti Emanuel 
Published: June 2021

Los estudios sobre vivienda en Chile se han centrado en el acceso desigual y la segregación. Menos atención se ha puesto a la política de selección de destinatarios de subsidios y sus consecuencias. Este artículo revisa las políticas de subsidios habitacionales, sus grados de focalización y sus efectos en la configuración social y espacial de las villas entre 1980 y 1997. Se identificó que a mayor focalización en la selección de destinatarios, existen menores niveles de organización, arraigo con el espacio y expectativas de cambio. Lo anterior deviene en mayor deterioro del espacio o límites para realizar mejoramientos. Se concluye que la focalización en la entrega de viviendas concentradasterritorialmente deteriora la articulación social y espacial de los barrios.
Advocacy and the Innocent Client
Authors: Erentzen Caroline , Schuller Regina , Clow Kimberley 
Published: June 2021

Much of our knowledge about wrongful convictions is derived from known exonerations, which typically involve serious violent offences and lengthy sentences. These represent only a small proportion of offences prosecuted in Canada each year, and little is known about how often innocent defendants may be wrongfully convicted of less serious offences. Recent discussions have begun to focus on the problem of false guilty pleas, in which defendants choose to plead guilty to a lesser offence to avoid the time and cost required to defend their innocence. The majority of our knowledge of the factors contributing to wrongful convictions is based on American scholarship, with less empirical research exploring wrongful convictions within the Canadian context. The present research surveyed Canadian criminal defence lawyers about their experiences representing innocent clients, including their perspective on the underlying causes of wrongful convictions in Canada and their recommendations for reform to the criminal justice system. Nearly two-thirds of defence counsel in this study reported that they had represented at least one client who was convicted despite credible claims of innocence. Many reported that they regularly see innocent clients choose to enter a strategic false guilty plea, perceiving no meaningful or realistic alternative. Counsel described a system designed to elicit a guilty plea, with lengthy pre-trial delays, routine denial of bail, inadequate funding of Legal Aid, costly defence options, padded charges, and false evidence ploys. This research expands our knowledge of wrongful convictions in Canada, their hidden prevalence, and systemic problems that increase the likelihood of their occurrence.
IMPLICATIONS OF SERVICE-BASED LEARNING TOWARDS THE BUILDING OF SANTRI’S SOCIAL CARE IN PONDOK PESANTREN DARUSSALAM KEDIRI AND PONDOK PESANTREN AL URWATUL WUTSQO JOMBANG
Authors: Hasan Moch. Sya'roni , Ch. Mufidah , Padil Moh. 
Published: June 2021

Service-based learning (Service-learning) is learning based on serving. The purpose of service-learning is to direct santri practically. Thus it can create santri to be a responsible and caring person. Pondok Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri and Al Urwatul Wutsqo Jombang are the Islamic educational institutions that have a practice-based learning orientation. These two Islamic boarding schools are the large ones in Jombang based on thoriqoh and the largest in Kediri, significantly Pare based on salaf. This research aims to reveal the implication of service-learning towards santri’s social care building on Pondok Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri and Pondok Pesantren Al Urwatul Wutsqo Jombang. This research use a qualitative approach with a multisite study design. Data collection is carried out using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and concluding. Researchers check the validity of research’s finding by extension of participation, triangulation technique of sources, theories, methods, and persistence of observation. This research shows that service-learning impact on caring character building of santri is experiencing very positive changes. The research finding proves it. Santri who has participated in service-learning has experienced change mainly in terms of caring for others. This form of caring can be seen from several indicators, for example they have compassion when their friend is sick. Thus, they take care of that friend, the emergence a sense of brotherhood, protect their friends from bullying others, and they are more sensitive to what is going on around them, they help without having to ask, their respect for the teacher increase.
Glasnost in the Mailroom: The Soviet Subject in Gorbachev’s Perestroika, 1985–1988
Authors: Doucette Courtney 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article examines letters on glasnost sent to the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party in 1987 and compiled by the Central Committee’s Letter Department in a booklet for the Politburo in 1988. Contextualized by other sources from the archive of this Letter Department and others, these sources begin to illuminate how the Central Committee’s Letter Department functioned and how it evolved during Perestroika. These letters also allow us to begin to incorporate more ordinary citizens’ conceptions of glasnost into the history of this concept. These sources show at least four definitions of glasnost that circulated in the first years of reform. None of these definitions coincided with the liberal concept of “freedom of speech”. The conversation about glasnost in these letters challenges the common liberal teleology of studies of Perestroika, highlighting the distinctly Soviet nature of those who wrote letters and the concepts they wrote about.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG ALAT KONTRASEPSI KB SUNTIK DENGAN TERJADINYA PENAMBAHAN BERAT BADAN IDEAL IBU DI DI POLINDES PONJANAN
Authors: Eliyana Yayuk 
Published: June 2021

One attempt to tackle the population problem is to follow the family planning program intended to help couples and individuals in reproductive health, prevent unwanted pregnancies and reduce the incidence of high-risk pregnancy, illness and death, making service quality, affordable, acceptable and easily available to everyone in need, improve the quality of advice, communication, education, counseling and services improve health. This study aims is to analyze the mother's knowledge about contraception KB syringe with the ideal maternal weight gain in the working area of ​​the health center Polindes Ponjanan Batumarmar Pamekasan.
This study is the type used is the Analytic Correlation is a research study to find the facts and the correct interpretation of test results processed with statistical sampling using probability sampling methods with the type of simple random sampling as many as 69 people. As a variable in this study is the mother of knowledge about birth control injections with the addition of ideal body weight. Data is collected using a questionnaire, then the data analyzed in the frequency table for each variable, followed by using Spearman correlation test. Based on the results of a study of 69 mothers data showed that most mothers who have poor knowledge about contraception as much as 46,38% KB injection, while those experiencing weight gain as much as 69,57%.
From these results we can conclude that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge about contraception KB syringe with weight gain in the working area of ​​the village health center Ponjanan Batumarmar Pamekasan 2012. The correlation of test results analisia Spearmans probability values ​​obtained 0.00 <0.05 where Ho is rejected and Ha accepted .. Of the value of the correlation coefficient of -0.677, which means a strong influence in a negative correlation.
From these results we can conclude that that means there is a relationship of maternal knowledge tengant KB injectable contraceptives with the addition of ideal body weight. This is because most of the respondents had primary school education level and employment are owned by the housewife. Efforts to do is to education about the benefits and usefulness of contraceptives as well as the negative impact that can be caused by the use of a syringe contraception KB.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN CARA MENERAN DENGAN KELANCARAN PERSALINAN KALA DUA PADA IBU BERSALIN PRIMIGRAVIDA PADA KEJADIAN ASFIKSIA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI PUSKESMAS KADUR KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Qomariyah Kinanatul 
Published: June 2021

Childbirth is a process in which the fetus and the amniotic fluid is pushed out through the birth canal. On his second stage becomes stronger and faster, about 2 to 3 minutes. Based on the results of research in health centers Kadur Pamekasan 2012, almost entirely (93.55%) of the second stage of labor on maternal primigravida smoothly. The purpose of this study is a known relationship to the smooth meneran knowledge of how the second stage of labor on maternal primigravida. This was a correlational analytical approach to Cross Sectional. Its population is a maternal primigravida in a health center of Kadur 2012, amounting to 31 people. Sampling technique using saturation sampling as many as 31 respondents. The collection of primary data obtained by giving questionnaires to the respondents and secondary data from the partograf check list at Kadur health center. Statistical tests using Spearman's Rank with SPSS version 17.0 with a significant level of 0.05. From the result showed that out of 11 respondents who have sufficient knowledge, nearly all (81.8%) as many as 9 mother of two current stage of labor and a small proportion (18.2%) which is about two mothers of two non-current stage of labor. While the four respondents who had a poor knowledge of the whole (100%) two current stage of labor. The results of statistical tests with Spearman's P = 0.510 rhank show, and p> a significant level (0.05) H0 accepted then it means there is no relationship between knowledge of how to give birth and the smoothness of second stage of labor on maternal primigravida in the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.
Social networks and productive connectance: modeling the organizational form of the industrial district
Authors: Mistri Maurizio , Solari Stefano 
Published: June 2021

This paper deals with the modeling of the system of social and economic relations characterizing the industrial district, in the sense of an organizational form based on a set of small enterprises linked together by co-operative and competitive relationships. The authors emphasize the concept of relationship which, in the industrial district, may be of both an industrial and a social nature. The industrial district is seen as a socio-economic entity, and that is why the concept of social networks and graph theory are used to represent the co-operative and competitive relationships between enterprises in the district. The idea of network is amply used in sociological analysis and enables an adequate representation of the relationships between enterprises. Particular importance is attributed to the concept of ‘relational space’, by which the authors mean an application of the space of economic relations on the physical space defined by the system of social relations. The paper goes on to discuss the organizational form of the district, evaluated on the basis of the concept of connectance and emphasizing the particular position of the industrial district form among the various market forms. The concept of information and knowledge acquires a specific significance in connectance, in relation to which a model proposed by Boisot is used.
The dynamics of corporate change: management's evaluation of stakeholder characteristics
Authors: Solomon Esther 
Published: June 2021

In an era of globalization, rapid technological changes and intense competition, new forms of organizational designs and networks have replaced traditional forms of organizations. Interconnections among businesses and their various stakeholders including suppliers, customers providers, employees and others are now more rapid and complex as they are facilitated by advanced information technology and systems. This research addresses these changes by examining managers' perceptions of the stakeholders that were viewed as responsible for initiating change and innovation in their respective organizations. This paper presents the results of an empirical research project of 218 managers from major companies. Particular focus is placed on identifying which specific groups were critical stakeholders for the changes, and assessing their legitimacy, power and authority in relation to specific change initiatives and outcomes. Implications of the findings are discussed regarding process changes and reengineering within organizations and business networks.
An integrated frame-of-reference for modelling management systems
Authors: Sice Petia , French Ian , Mosekilde Erik 
Published: June 2021

The application of any modelling method without reflection on the underpinning assumptions is flawed. What is more, such an approach is bound to lead us to an incomplete understanding of the situation under consideration, since it places “restrictions” on the ways we question the validity of the knowledge unearthed in the application of the method. Thus, creative interpretation becomes limited. The paper considers this problem. It draws on insights from cognitive science, autopoiesis, management cybernetics and non-linear dynamics and outlines a philosophical frame-of-reference for modelling management systems. It emphasises the importance of epistemological reflection and the need to consider modelling as a cognitive act that requires the inclusion of the observer as part of the inquiry and the development and use of a systemic language within the situation of concern.
A study on key failure factors for introducing enterprise resource planning
Authors: Hsiao Yuan-Du , Yang Ching-Chow , Lin Wen-Tsann , Lee Wei-Cheng 
Published: June 2021

ERP (enterprise resource planning) is a management information system that optimizes distribution of enterprise resources and helps a business to integrate all its resources for fast and effective application to improve its operational performance and enhance its competitiveness. Consequently, a failure evaluation model for introducing ERP, together with the factors and reasons for failures are presented in this research, acting as a reference for businesses when planning and making important decisions on ERP. This study uses the DMAIC of the 6-Sigma approach and a failure evaluation model for introducing ERP that involves expert opinions, a questionnaire, V-shaped performance evaluation matrix (PEM), statistical methods, QFD & FMEA (quality function deployment & failure mode and effects analysis) methods, and QFD & AHP (quality function deployment & analytic hierarchy process) methods to find 6 key success factors and 8 key strategies for introducing ERP. The results of empirical application indicate that internal employee complaints were reduced, supply efficiency of chain suppliers was increased, and customer complaints about quality were decreased. Therefore, the approach presented in this paper is truly effective for business. It is hoped that these key factors can serve as references for other enterprises when introducing ERP.
Analisis Peramalan Peluang Bisnis Tanah Menggunakan Metode Double Exponential Smoothing
Authors: Hammam Muhammad Haidar , Amalia Eka Larasati , Pramudhita Agung Nugroho 
Published: June 2021

PT. JNF is a company engaged in Engineering, Construction, and Project Management, located in South Jakarta. This company wants to develop its business by building housing in the city of Malang, to be precise in the Kedungkandang and Lowokwaru districts. The company needs some data and information about population density and land prices in the area to help the process of their project work. Providing information on data and forecasting results about population density and land prices in the area will help companies facilitate business development. Therefore, companies need an information system that can predict population density data and land prices in Kedungkandang sub-district and Lowokwaru sub-district, which functions to help companies see land business opportunities in Malang for housing development. The method used to make this system is the Double Exponential Smoothing method, because this method has a trend pattern that matches the data pattern of the object to be predicted. The data used are data from 2005 - 2018. The result of population density forecasting for Lowokwaru sub-district is 8713.98 and has a MAPE value of 1.39%, for Kedungkandang sub-district is 4949.07 and has a MAPE value of 2.55%, for the land price of Lowokwaru sub-district is 2777725.18 and has a MAPE value of 3.45 % and Kedungkandang sub-district is 1766560.27 and has a MAPE value of 8.36%. Based on the calculation of the MAPE value the results of the forecast above, it can be concluded that if the greater the constant value, the lower the MAPE value, the best constant value is between 0.6 - 0.9. The land business opportunity in Lowokwaru and Kedungkandang sub-districts is high based on the forecasting results of population density and land prices which tend to increase every year and the land business opportunity value based on ROI (Return of Investment) for the company is 0.38% of the initial capital.
Keywords: information systems, forecasting, land business opportunities, land prices, population density, double exponential smoothing.
Otomatisasi Peringkasan Teks Pada Dokumen Hukum Menggunakan Metode Latent Semantic Analysis
Authors: Rusbandi Millenia , Rozi Imam Fahrur , Batubulan Kadek Suarjuna 
Published: June 2021

Pada masa sekarang, jumlah kriminalitas di Indonesia cukup banyak. Banyaknya jumlah kriminalitas di Indonesia akan berdampak pada jumlah dokumen hukum yang akan ditangani oleh aparat penegak hukum. Dalam pemahaman dokumen hukum, aparat penegak hukum seperti advokat, hakim, maupun jaksa harus membaca keseluruhan dokumen dimana akan memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan peringkasan agar aparat penegak hukum lebih mudah memahaminya. Sehingga salah satu solusi yang dibutuhkan yaitu dengan membuat sebuah ringkasan pada dokumen hukum dimana dokumen tersebut berbentuk PDF. Dalam hal meringkas teks, metode yang dapat digunakan yaitu algoritma Latent Semantic Analysis. Algoritma tersebut digunakan untuk menguraikan atau menganalisa makna yang masih tersembunyi dari suatu bahasa, kode atau jenis representasi lainnya, guna memperoleh informasi yang penting.
Dari pengujian terhadap 10 dokumen yang diringkas oleh pakar, diperoleh hasil precision, recall, f-measure dan accuracy secara berurutan pada peringkasan teks otomatis dengan metode Latent Semantic Analysis untuk compression rate 75% yaitu 53%, 27%, 35% dan 71% lalu untuk compression rate 50% yaitu 54%, 56%, 55% dan 75%, serta untuk compression rate 25% yaitu 51%, 79%, 61% dan 75%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengujian yang telah dilakukan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Metode Latent Semantic Analysis dapat digunakan untuk melakukan peringkasan dokumen hukum.
Differential Responses of Transplanted Stem Cells to Diseased Environment Unveiled by a Molecular NIR-II Cell Tracker
Authors: Chen Hao , Yang Huaxiao , Zhang Chen , Chen Si , Zhao Xin , Zhu Mark , Wang Zhiming , Wang Yuebing , Wo Hung-Ta , Li Kai , Cheng Zhen 
Published: June 2021

Stem cell therapy holds high promises in regenerative medicine. The major challenge of clinical translation is to precisely and quantitatively evaluate the in vivo cell distribution, migration, and engraftment, which cannot be easily achieved by current techniques. To address this issue, for the first time, we have developed a molecular cell tracker with a strong fluorescence signal in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window (1,000-1,700 nm) for real-time monitoring of in vivo cell behaviors in both healthy and diseased animal models. The NIR-II tracker (CelTrac1000) has shown complete cell labeling with low cytotoxicity and profound long-term tracking ability for 30 days in high spatiotemporal resolution for semiquantification of the biodistribution of transplanted stem cells. Taking advantage of the unique merits of CelTrac1000, the responses of transplanted stem cells to different diseased environments have been discriminated and unveiled. Furthermore, we also demonstrate CelTrac1000 as a universal and effective technique for ultrafast real-time tracking of the cellular migration and distribution in a 100
μ
m single-cell cluster spatial resolution, along with the lung contraction and heart beating. As such, this NIR-II tracker will shift the optical cell tracking into a single-cell cluster and millisecond temporal resolution for better evaluating and understanding stem cell therapy, affording optimal doses and efficacy.