bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of isolator damages in electric power transmission lines with continuous wavelet transform and multitape power spectrum density
Authors: Akinci Tahir Cetin 
Published: July 2021

PurposeDetection of deformation of devices in high voltage electricity transmission line systems is an important issue in terms of economy and reuse. This study is aimed to detect devices that are deformed or thought to have suffered due to environmental and electrical reasons.Design/methodology/approachIn this experimental study, it was ensured that the sound and deformed insulators used in energy transmission lines were determined by the analysis of the sounds obtained by using the impact method. Equal intensity impact was applied to the isolator using the pendulum and the resulting sound noise signal analyses were made using power spectral density (PSD), magnitude scalogram (MS), multitape power spectrum density (MPSD) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) methods in the study. In the analysis results, the isolators that are not visible to the eye and have certain damage were successfully separated from the intact insulators. Especially, MPSD and CWT analysis results are quite satisfactory.FindingsDamage analysis of insulators used in electricity transmission lines has been made. A total of 40 insulators were examined in two categories in their group, both damaged and not damaged. Data collection system was established. The data obtained from the data collection system were analysed and compared using four analysis methods. PSD, MS, MPSD and CWT analyses were made in the study. All the analyses carried out generally contain features that distinguish damaged and undamaged insulators from each other, the most successful results are MS and CWT results. CWT results are very successful in terms of time and amplitude, and it has been proposed as a method that can be used to separate damaged and undamaged insulators.Originality/valueIt can be suggested as a result of experimental tests that the results of CWT analysis can be used in the pulse noise method in isolators to be tested for reuse in electrical power transmission lines.
Different patterns in root and soil fungal diversity drive plant productivity of the desert truffleTerfezia claveryiin plantation
Authors: Arenas Francisco , Navarro‐Ródenas Alfonso , Marqués‐Gálvez José Eduardo , Ghignone Stefano , Mello Antonietta , Morte Asunción 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe desert truffleTerfezia claveryiis one of the few mycorrhizal fungi currently in cultivation in semiarid and arid areas. Agroclimatic parameters seem to affect its annual yield, but there is no information on the influence of biotic factors. In this study, fungal diversity was analysed by high‐throughput sequencing of the ITS2 rDNA region from soil and root samples to compare productive and non‐productive mycorrhizal plants in a 4‐years old plantation (Murcia, Spain). The fungal metaprofile was dominated by Ascomycota phylum. Desert truffle productivity was driven by different patterns of fungal species composition in soil (species replacement) and root (species richness differences). Moreover, positive associations for ectomycorrhizal and negative for arbuscular mycorrhizal guilds were found in productive roots, and positive associations for fungal parasite‐plant pathogen guild in non‐productive ones. Soil samples were dominated by pathotroph and saprotroph trophic modes, showing positive associations forAureobasidium pullulansandAlternariasp. in productive areas, and positive associations forFusariumsp. andMortierellasp. were found in non‐productive soils. Finally, some significant OTUs were identified and associated to ascocarp producing patches, which could serve as predictive and location markers of desert truffle production.
The History of the Data Economy: Part II: Analytics Arrives
Authors: Harkness Timandra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe world has changed dramatically over the past 200 years. Data is now the fuel that drives business – identifying potential markets, shaping new products and targeting consumers. To understand where we may be heading next, Significance has partnered with Impact, the magazine of the Market Research Society, to jointly publish a series exploring the past, present and future of the data economy. This second part tells the story of the arrival of analytics and efforts to better understand consumer behaviour using new data sources. By Timandra Harkness
Winning an Election, not a Popularity Contest
Authors: Leinwand Benjamin , Ge Puyao , Kulkarni Vidyadhar , Smith Richard 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Benjamin Leinwand, Puyao Ge, Vidyadhar Kulkarni and Richard Smith consider a range of scenarios – from the realistic to the implausible – for how a US presidential candidate can win an election with only a small fraction of the popular vote
In Whose Name Are You Speaking? The Marginalization of the Poor in Global Civil Society
Authors: Sénit Carole‐Anne , Biermann Frank 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGlobal civil society is often uncritically seen as a democratic force in global governance. Civil society organizations claim to hold states and intergovernmental institutions accountable and channel the voices of the world’s poorest people in policy making. Yet to what extent do they succeed in performing that role? This article assesses the representation of the poor in global civil society, with a focus on the negotiations of the Sustainable Development Goals, a process widely hailed as one of the most democratic ever organized by the United Nations. We first analyse how the poor and their local representatives are procedurally included in global civil society (procedural representation). We then quantitatively assess the actual representation of civil society organizations from the world’s poorest countries in the civil society hearings of the SDG negotiations, where civil society was invited to speak on behalf of their constituencies (geographical representation). Finally, we evaluate the extent to which global civil society representatives who claim to speak on behalf of the poor legitimately represented the interests of these people (discursive representation). We found that global civil society fails to fully represent the poor on procedural, geographical and discursive terms, and eventually perpetuates postcolonial injustices in global sustainability governance.
A case of lung adenocarcinoma with a novel CD74‐ROS1 fusion variant identified by comprehensive genomic profiling that responded to crizotinib and entrectinib
Authors: Hashiguchi Mizuha Haraguchi , Sato Takashi , Watanabe Rinako , Kagyo Junko , Matsuzaki Tomohiko , Domoto Hideharu , Kato Terufumi , Nakahara Yoshiro , Yokose Tomoyuki , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Shiomi Tetsuya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractROS1 rearrangements are found in 1–2% of patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer. The detection of the rearrangements is crucial since clinically effective molecular targeted drugs are available for them. We present a case of lung adenocarcinoma with a previously unknown ROS1‐CD74 fusion variant, CD74 exon 3 fused to ROS1 exon 34, which was not detected by a conventional RT‐PCR‐based test for ROS1 fusion gene detection but identified by hybrid capture‐based next‐generation sequencing. This tumor responded to crizotinib initially and to entrectinib after relapse with brain metastasis, indicating the oncogenic activity of this novel fusion variant.
DNA barcode identification of Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen, 1904) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and other moths affecting cacao in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Gopurenko David , Gillespie Peter S , Minana Rodney , Reynolds Olivia L 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEconomically important cacao (Theobroma cacao Linnaeus 1753) plantations in South East Asia and Papua New Guinea (PNG) are significantly affected by the cocoa pod borer (CPB) moth. Species identity of the pest is attributed to Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen 1904), a gracillariid moth endemic to Australasian and Oriental tropic regions that has evolved a host preference for introduced cacao. Suspected presence of cryptic CPB biotypes is largely unsupported by earlier genetic work but remains a concern to organisations developing species‐specific lure and/or control tools for managing this pest. We report the use of DNA barcoding to investigate population and species genetic diversity of CPB infecting cacao plantations in PNG at the eastern periphery of the pest's distribution. DNA barcodes from 94.4% of 179 moths from three disjunct PNG provinces (East Sepik, Bougainville and East New Britain) matched to reported C. cramerella sequence accessions. Genetic diversity among C. cramerella in PNG was limited to four closely related haplotypes, two of which were common in PNG and have previously been reported in the Malay Archipelago at different frequencies. We found evidence of significant population genetic structure between mainland and eastern offshore PNG provinces marked by a reduction of genetic diversity at the offshore provinces. We suggest C. cramerella populations in these offshore island provinces likely arose recently from a genetically depauperate cohort of founders from western sources. Ten moths were genetically unmatched to C. cramerella. Of these, six incidentally captured and degraded adults had novel unmatched DNA barcodes. Four larvae infesting cacao pods were genetically matched to Thaumatotibia zophophanes (Turner 1946) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and an undefined Conopomorpha species distantly related to C. cramerella. The extent to which these two additional moth species affect the cacao industry in PNG (and potentially elsewhere) remains unknown. However, their low representation here (<2.3% of samples) indicates they may be of lesser prominence than the widespread C. cramerella. Nevertheless, organisations designing and/or implementing CPB controls tailored specifically for C. cramerella will need to ensure empirical evidence of control efficiency is monitored with respect to species identity of the captured pests.
Open‐label follow‐on study evaluating the efficacy, safety, and quality of life with extended daily oral immunotherapy in children with peanut allergy
Authors: Fernandez‐Rivas Montserrat , Vereda Andrea , Vickery Brian P. , Sharma Vibha , Nilsson Caroline , Muraro Antonella , Hourihane Jonathan O'B. , DunnGalvin Audrey , du Toit George , Blumchen Katharina , Beyer Kirsten , Smith Alex , Ryan Robert , Adelman Daniel C. , Jones Stacie M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe benefit of daily administration of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Allergen Powder‐dnfp (PTAH)—formerly AR101—has been established in clinical trials, but limited data past the first year of treatment are available. This longitudinal analysis aimed to explore the impact of continued PTAH therapeutic maintenance dosing (300 mg/day) on efficacy, safety/tolerability, and food allergy‐related quality of life.MethodsWe present a subset analysis of PALISADE‐ARC004 participants (aged 4–17 years) who received 300 mg PTAH daily for a total of ~1.5 (Group A, n = 110) or ~2 years (Group B, n = 32). Safety assessments included monitoring the incidence of adverse events (AEs), accidental exposures to food allergens, and adrenaline use. Efficacy was assessed by double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenge (DBPCFC); skin prick testing; peanut‐specific antibody assays; and Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire (FAQLQ) and Food Allergy Independent Measure (FAIM) scores.ResultsContinued maintenance with PTAH increased participants’ ability to tolerate peanut protein: 48.1% of completers in Group A (n = 50/104) and 80.8% in Group B (n = 21/26) tolerated 2000 mg peanut protein at exit DBPCFC without dose‐limiting symptoms. Immune biomarkers showed a pattern consistent with treatment‐induced desensitization. Among PTAH‐continuing participants, the overall and treatment‐related exposure‐adjusted AE rate decreased throughout the intervention period in both groups. Clinically meaningful improvements in FAQLQ and FAIM scores over time suggest a potential link between increased desensitization as determined by the DBPCFC and improved quality of life.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that daily PTAH treatment for peanut allergy beyond 1 year leads to an improved safety/tolerability profile and continued clinical and immunological response.
Sovesudil (locally acting rho kinase inhibitor) for the treatment of normal‐tension glaucoma: the randomized phase II study
Authors: Ha Ahnul , Kim Young Kook , Jeoung Jin Wook , Satyal Sanjeev , Kim Jaesoon , Kim Soojin , Park Ki Ho 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate ocular hypotensive efficacy and the safety of sovesudil (formally known as PHP‐201), a novel Rho‐associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, in patients with normal‐tension glaucoma (NTG).DesignMulticentre, prospective, double‐masked, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel clinical study.MethodsPatients with NTG (unmedicated baseline IOP ≤ 21 mmHg) were randomized in 3 groups and treated with sovesudil in concentrations of 0.25% and 0.5%, or with a placebo three times daily (TID) for 4 weeks. The primary end‐point was the mean diurnal IOP change from the baseline at week 4. Safety was recorded over a 4‐week treatment period and the following 2‐week observation period.ResultsA total of 119 patients were included in the primary efficacy analysis. The mean diurnal IOP change from the baseline at week 4 was −1.56 mmHg for the high‐dose group, −1.10 mmHg for the low‐dose group and −0.65 mmHg for the placebo group. The difference between the high‐dose and the placebo groups was −0.91 mmHg (95% confidence intervals: −1.73, −0.09). 0.5% sovesudil TID met the criteria for superiority to the placebo. The most frequent ocular adverse event among sovesudil‐treated patients was conjunctival hyperaemia (24.4% for the high‐dose and 17.5% for the low‐dose group) and predominately classified as mild.ConclusionsSovesudil 0.25% and 0.5% TID showed statistically significant IOP‐lowering effects and 0.5% concentration’s IOP‐lowering effects met the superiority criteria in comparison with the placebo at week 4. Sovesudil was well tolerated with mild adverse events including relatively low incidence of conjunctival hyperaemia in patients with NTG.
Vitreous proteomics, a gateway to improved understanding and stratification of diverse uveitis aetiologies
Authors: Schrijver Benjamin , Kolijn P. Martijn , ten Berge Josianne C.E.M. , Nagtzaam Nicole M.A. , van Rijswijk Angelique L.C.T. , Swagemakers Sigrid M.A. , van der Spek Peter J. , Missotten Tom O.A.R. , van Velthoven Mirjam E.J. , de Hoog Joeri , van Hagen P. Martin , Langerak Anton W. , Dik Willem A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeThe vitreous proteome might provide an attractive gateway to discriminate between various uveitis aetiologies and gain novel insights into the underlying pathophysiological processes. Here, we investigated 180 vitreous proteins to discover novel biomarkers and broaden disease insights by comparing (1). primary vitreoretinal lymphoma ((P)VRL) versus other aetiologies, (2). sarcoid uveitis versus tuberculosis (TB)‐associated uveitis and (3). granulomatous (sarcoid and TB) uveitis versus other aetiologies.MethodsVitreous protein levels were determined by proximity extension assay in 47 patients with intraocular inflammation and a prestudy diagnosis (cohort 1; training) and 22 patients with a blinded diagnosis (cohort 2; validation). Differentially expressed proteins identified by t‐tests on cohort 1 were used to calculate Youden’s indices. Pathway and network analysis was performed by ingenuity pathway analysis. A random forest classifier was trained to predict the diagnosis of blinded patients.ResultsFor (P)VRL stratification, the previously reported combined diagnostic value of IL‐10 and IL‐6 was confirmed. Additionally, CD70 was identified as potential novel marker for (P)VRL. However, the classifier trained on the entire cohort (cohort 1 and 2) relied primarily on the interleukin score for intraocular lymphoma diagnosis (ISOLD) or IL‐10/IL‐6 ratio and only showed a supportive role for CD70. Furthermore, sarcoid uveitis displayed increased levels of vitreous CCL17 as compared to TB‐associated uveitis.ConclusionWe underline the previously reported value of the ISOLD and the IL‐10/IL‐6 ratio for (P)VRL identification and present CD70 as a potentially valuable target for (P)VRL stratification. Finally, we also show that increased CCL17 levels might help to distinguish sarcoid uveitis from TB‐associated uveitis.
Transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty of retrocaval ureter: Single surgeon experience and review of literature
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Kesar Ashutosh , Mahajan Arti , Mehta Anjali , Masood Suhail 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionRetrocaval ureter (RCU) is a rare congenital abnormality, secondary to anomalous development of inferior vena cava (IVC) presenting as ipsilateral obstruction needing surgical intervention. The aim of this article is to present surgical techniques and outcome of transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty in patients with RCU treated by a single surgeon at a tertiary care center and with review of literature.Material and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, institutional review board approved chart review of patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty for RCU at our unit between January 2010 and December 2020. A total of 10 patients were identified. Preoperative evaluation involved a computed tomography‐intravenous urography in addition to the conventional evaluation. All the patients underwent dismembered transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty over a Double J stent. Data analyzed included the demographic profile, operative time difficulty if any, postoperative, intraoperative complications and functional outcome.ResultsAll cases were completed laparoscopically and no open conversion was required. Average operating time was 96.6 minutes ± 8.16. Average blood loss was 71 ± 14.49 mL with an analgesia requirement of 115 ± 33.74 mg. One patient developed postoperative urinary leak and responded to percutaneous nephrostomy drainage. Patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months with a serial ultrasound and a follow‐up diethylene‐triamine‐penta‐acetic acid renal scan at 3 months to rule out any anastomotic site obstruction.ConclusionTransperitoneal laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty for RCU was associated with minimal morbidity and good outcomes.
“Following orders” as a critique on healthcare allocation committees: An anthropological perspective on the role of public memory in bioethical legitimacy
Authors: Assor Yael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe public perception of decision‐making procedures as fair processes is a central means for establishing their legitimacy to make difficult resource allocation decisions. According to the ethical framework of accountability for reasonableness (A4R, hereafter), which specifies conditions for fair healthcare resource allocation, disagreements about what constitutes relevant considerations are a central threat to its perceived fairness. This article considers how an ethical principle grounded in the public memory of past traumatic events may become the topic of such disagreements. I demonstrate this through an anthropological case study of a recent public de	bate concerning an Israeli healthcare allocation committee (HAC, thereafter), which determines state subsidies for new medical technologies as part of Israel’s public healthcare system. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork about the HAC, I show how the public memory of Adolf Eichmann’s trial constitutes a bioethical problem for the committee’s legitimacy. Based on Arendt’s and Bauman’s writings that Nazi bureaucrats’ manner of “following orders” was an ethical transgression, some patients contended that the committee has a historical responsibility to question its strict adherence to bureaucratic procedures. Since the committee did not have a direct link to the events of the Holocaust, other considerations seemed to them more relevant. I then present an offer that can settle this disagreement and maintain the HAC’s legitimacy according to A4R. I conclude by discussing the contribution of empirical data to models of bioethical legitimacy.
MiR‐22, a serum predictor of poor outcome and therapy response in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma patients
Authors: Rinaldi Federica , Marchesi Francesco , Palombi Francesca , Pelosi Andrea , Di Pace Anna Laura , Sacconi Andrea , Terrenato Irene , Annibali Ombretta , Tomarchio Valeria , Marino Mirella , Cantonetti Maria , Vaccarini Sara , Papa Elena , Moretta Lorenzo , Bertoni Francesco , Mengarelli Andrea , Regazzo Giulia , Rizzo Maria G. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive, heterogeneous neoplasm where prognostication and therapeutic decision are challenging. The available prognostic tools are not able to identify all patients refractory to treatment. MicroRNAs, small RNAs frequently deregulated in cancer, stably circulate in biofluids, representing interesting candidates for non‐invasive biomarkers. Here we validated serum miR‐22, an evolutionarily conserved microRNA, as a prognostic/predictive biomarker in DLBCL. Moreover, we found that its expression and release from DLBCL cells are related to therapy response and adversely affect cell proliferation. These results suggest that miR‐22 is a promising complementary or even independent non‐invasive biomarker for DLBCL management.
Association between the home environment and development among 3‐ to 11‐month infants in Shanghai, China
Authors: Cao Zhijuan , Su Xiujuan , Ni Yu , Luo Ting , Hua Jing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundLiterature highlighted the home environment as a major factor influencing the overall development of children. However, minimal information is available about the home environment in China and especially in small infants. This survey was conducted to find out the association between the home environment and the early development of infants.MethodsA total of 1850 infants aged 3–11 months were randomly selected during December 2014 to September 2015. Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development‐Infant Scale (AHEMD‐IS) was used to measure the home environment considering the availability of toys, physical space and variety of stimulation. The Age and Stage Questionnaire‐Chinese (ASQ‐C) was used to measure potential developmental delays among infants. Bivariate logistic regression model was used to test the association between home environment and potential developmental delays.ResultsThe percentages of infants with insufficient activity space ranged from 25.27% to 30.23%. With the increase of age, the number of toys available to infants was also increasing. However, varieties of stimulation were decreasing. Compared with infants who have sufficient physical space, the risk of problem‐solving development delay increased 26.0% (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.97). The risk of gross motor delay was 47.0% (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.99) lower in infants with sufficient variety of stimulation than infants without. Fine‐motor toys were associated with all domains in ASQ‐C except communication development, while gross motor toys mainly affected fine motor and problem‐solving development.ConclusionPositive associations between home environment and development among 3‐ to 11‐month infants in Shanghai, China, were revealed in the current study. The results from the study are expected to be useful for early childhood caretakers, public health practitioners and other professionals to plan interventions, especially for low‐income families living in a disadvantaged environment.