bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidrug resistance proteins preferentially regulate natriuretic peptide‐driven cGMP signalling in the heart and vasculature
Authors: Grange Robert M. H. , Preedy Michael E. J. , Renukanthan Aniruthan , Dignam Joshua P. , Lowe Vanessa J. , Moyes Amie J. , Pérez‐Ternero Cristina , Aubdool Aisah A. , Baliga Reshma S. , Hobbs Adrian J. 
Published: June 2021

Background and PurposecGMP underpins the bioactivity of NO and natriuretic peptides and is key to cardiovascular homeostasis. cGMP‐driven responses are terminated primarily by PDEs, but cellular efflux via multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) might contribute. Herein, the effect of pharmacological blockade of MRPs on cGMP signalling in the heart and vasculature was investigated in vitro and in vivo.Experimental ApproachProliferation of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCASMCs), vasorelaxation of murine aorta and reductions in mean arterial BP (MABP) in response to NO donors or natriuretic peptides were determined in the absence and presence of the MRP inhibitor MK571. The ability of MRP inhibition to reverse morphological and contractile deficits in a murine model of pressure overload‐induced heart failure was also explored.Key ResultsMK571 attenuated hCASMC growth and enhanced the anti‐proliferative effects of NO and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). MRP blockade caused concentration‐dependent relaxations of murine aorta and augmented responses to ANP (and to a lesser extent NO). MK571 did not decrease MABP per se but enhanced the hypotensive actions of ANP and improved structural and functional indices of disease severity in experimental heart failure. These beneficial actions of MRP inhibition were associated with a greater intracellular:extracellular cGMP ratio in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions and ImplicationsMRP blockade promotes the cardiovascular functions of natriuretic peptides in vitro and in vivo, with more modest effects on NO. MRP inhibition may have therapeutic utility in cardiovascular diseases triggered by dysfunctional cGMP signalling, particularly those associated with altered natriuretic peptide bioactivity.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on cGMP Signalling in Cell Growth and Survival. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.11/issuetoc
Continuing care following residential alcohol and other drug treatment: Continuing care worker perceptions
Authors: Ingram Isabella , Kelly Peter J. , Carradus Lenna J. , Deane Frank P. , Baker Amanda L. , Byrne Gerard , McKay James R. , Osborne Briony , Meyer Johanna M. , Nunes Jason L. , Robinson Laura D. , Lunn Joanne 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionLittle is known about the experiences of continuing care workers (CCW) in the implementation of continuing care programs. The current study sought to understand CCWs and supervisor perceptions of the successes and challenges of implementing a telephone‐based continuing care intervention following residential alcohol and other drug treatment services. It also aimed to provide recommendations for treatment providers wishing to integrate continuing care into their treatment model, including the resources, training and supervision needs of CCWs.MethodsThe participants were eight CCWs and two independent supervisors who completed semi‐structured interviews. Interview coding and analysis was guided by Iterative Categorisation procedures and an implementation framework. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used.ResultsTelephone delivery was advantageous, but even more enhanced, when there was a face‐to‐face session first to build rapport. Other key successes included CCWs who were confident and competent, as well as a match between the organisation's values and the philosophy of the continuing care program. Key challenges faced by CCWs related to a perceived lack of support from managers, difficulties accessing quiet office spaces and participant disengagement.Discussion and ConclusionsInterviews revealed several factors that may influence successful delivery of continuing care as part of alcohol and other drug treatment. These included features of the intervention (e.g. telephone delivery, evidence‐based content), characteristics of the individual CCWs (e.g. flexibility in delivery of the intervention while maintaining fidelity), organisational culture (e.g. alignment of organisational values with continuing care) and resources (e.g. office space, flexible work schedules).
Photoperiod‐independent testicular development in the model newt Pleurodeles waltl
Authors: Kyakuno Mitsuki , Nakamori Rei , Tazawa Ichiro , Uemasu Hitoshi , Namba Noriyuki , Tsunekawa Naoki , Noce Toshiaki , Satoh Yukio , Takeuchi Takashi , Hayashi Toshinori 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUrodele amphibian newts have unique biological properties in male gametogenesis, in addition to their extreme regenerative capacity. Male newts are able to regenerate new testes even after reaching sexual maturity and can possess multiple testes. Notably, these animals maintain primordial germ cell‐like cells in a tissue adjacent to the testis. Spermatogenesis proceeds while synchronizing in a region‐specific manner in the testis. However, the newt species that have been used most commonly require 2–3 years to achieve sexual maturity, and spermatogenesis in these species shows seasonality. These traits have restricted the use of newts for studies on testicular development and spermatogenesis, and testis development in newts remains poorly characterized. Recently, the Iberian ribbed newt Pleurodeles waltl has been established as an emerging model organism. P. waltl reaches sexual maturity more quick after birth than do other newts and is capable of breeding year‐round. Thus, P. waltl is expected to serve as an appealing experimental model for studying the mechanisms of male gametogenesis in the urodeles. In the present study, we use P. waltl to describe the entire developmental process of the newt testis from primordial gonad to maturity. Notably, the mature testes show synchronized progression of spermatogenesis along the anteroposterior axis. Additionally, we demonstrate that the process of spermatogenesis in P. waltl proceeds irrespective of day length. Our results show that P. waltl newts are a suitable model for investigating the process of testicular development. We also expect that these results will be useful for the maintenance of P. waltl bioresources.
Efficacy of liraglutide added to sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes, stratified by baseline characteristics: Post‐hoc analysis of LIRA‐ADD2SGLT2i
Authors: Blonde Lawrence , Fainberg Udi , Kaltoft Margit S. , Mosenzon Ofri , Ramesh Chethana , Rea Rosangela 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsThe LIRA‐ADD2SGLT2i trial demonstrated that liraglutide + sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) ± metformin significantly improved glycaemic control (not body weight) versus placebo in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This post‐hoc analysis assessed whether baseline characteristics influenced these findings.Materials and methodsLIRA‐ADD2SGLT2i (NCT02964247) was a placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, multinational trial, wherein participants received liraglutide (≤1.8 mg/day) or placebo (randomized 2:1). Changes from baseline to week 26 in haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body weight and waist circumference stratified by HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, duration of pre‐trial SGLT2i use and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR) were analysed. These five baseline characteristics were divided into tertiles, and the treatment effect was evaluated using the trial product estimand.ResultsData from all 303 participants were analysed. There was a significant interaction between baseline HbA1c tertiles (7.0%‐<7.6%; 7.6%‐8.1%; ≥8.2%‐9.5%) and glycaemic control at week 26 (p[interaction] = .011), with the lowest HbA1c estimated treatment difference (95% confidence interval) observed in patients with lowest baseline HbA1c [−0.20% (−0.59, 0.19); −0.68% (−1.03, −0.33); −0.98% (−1.33, −0.64), respectively]. There were no significant interactions in glycaemic control across baseline BMI, diabetes duration, insulin resistance determined by HOMA‐IR or SGLT2i use duration (p[interaction] > .05, all). Across the five characteristics assessed, no significant interactions were found for body weight or waist circumference changes from baseline (p[interaction] > .05, all).ConclusionFor individuals with T2D and inadequate glycaemic control despite therapy with SGLT2is ± metformin, liraglutide 1.8 mg would provide an effective treatment intensification option, irrespective of HbA1c, BMI, diabetes duration, insulin resistance determined by HOMA‐IR and SGLT2i use duration.
Thioredoxin‐1 regulates calcium homeostasis in MPP+/MPTP‐induced Parkinson's disease models
Authors: Zhang Xianwen , Deng Ruhua , Zhang Se , Deng Juan , Jia Jing Jing , Sun Bo , Zhou Xiaoshuang , Bai Jie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDisturbance in calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis has been involved in a variety of neuropathological conditions including Parkinson's disease (PD). The Ca2+ channel, transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), plays a protective role in regulating entry of Ca2+ activated by store depletion of Ca2+ in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We have showed that thioredoxin‐1 (Trx‐1) plays a role in suppressing ER stress in PD. However, whether Trx‐1 regulates TRPC1 expression in PD is still unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that treatment of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinum ion (MPP+) significantly reduced the expression of TRPC1 in PC12 cells, which was restored by Trx‐1 overexpression, and further decreased significantly by Trx‐1 siRNA. Moreover, we found that Ca2+ entered into the cells was decreased by MPP+ in PC 12 cells, which was restored by Trx‐1 overexpression, and further decreased by Trx‐1 siRNA. MPP+ significantly increased calcium‐dependent cysteine protease calpain1 expression in PC12 cells, which was suppressed by Trx‐1 overexpression. Calpain1 expression was increased by Trx‐1 siRNA or SKF96365, an inhibitor of TRPC1. Moreover, 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) decreased TRPC1 expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta region (SNpc), which was restored in mice overexpressing Trx‐1, and further decreased in mice of knockdown Trx‐1. Inversely, the expression of calpain1 was increased by MPTP, which was suppressed in mice overexpressing Trx‐1, and further increased in mice of knockdown Trx‐1.In conclusion, Trx‐1 regulates the Ca2+ entry through regulating TRPC1 expression after treatment of MPP+/MPTP.
Immunity and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of evidence for immune implications in Tourette syndrome
Authors: Lamothe Hugues , Tamouza Ryad , Hartmann Andreas , Mallet Luc 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe neurobiology of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is known to involve corticostriatal loops possibly under genetic control. Less is known about possible environmental triggers of GTS. Specifically, immune‐related events following possible environmental inducers have been evoked, but important controversies still exist. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we looked for evidence in favor of such possibilities.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of all immunological data in PubMed.ResultsWe found large discrepancies concerning immune dysfunctions in GTS, and meta‐analyzing cytokines data did not allow us to conclude there is an involvement of specific cytokines in GTS neurobiology. When looking specifically at pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcus/pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome, we found some important evidence of a possible infectious involvement but in a limited number of studies. Our meta‐analysis found an increased level of anti‐streptolysin O antibodies in GTS patients, but the level of anti‐DNase B antibodies was not increased.ConclusionsToo many questions still exist to allow us to definitively reach the conclusion that there is an infectious and immunological etiology in GTS. Much work is still needed to elucidate the possible role of immunology in GTS neurobiology and to favor immunological treatment rather than classical treatment.
Efficacy and morbidity of biodegradable versus titanium osteosyntheses in orthognathic surgery: A systematic review with meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Gareb Barzi , van Bakelen Nico B. , Dijkstra Pieter U. , Vissink Arjan , Bos Ruud R. M. , van Minnen Baucke 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTitanium osteosynthesis is currently the gold standard in orthognathic surgery. Use of biodegradable osteosyntheses avoids removal of plates/screws in a second operation. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and morbidity of biodegradable vs. titanium osteosyntheses in orthognathic surgery (PROSPERO CRD42018086477). Patients with syndromic disorder(s) and/or cleft lip/palate were excluded. Randomised, prospective and retrospective controlled studies were searched for in nine databases (February 2021). The time periods perioperative, short‐term, intermediate, long‐term, and overall follow‐up were studied. Meta‐analyses were performed using random‐effects models. A total of 9073 records was assessed, of which 33 were included, comprising 2551 patients. Seven RCTs had ‘some concerns’ while another seven RCTs had ‘high’ risk of bias (Cochrane‐RoB2). No differences in malunion (qualitative analyses), mobility of bone segments [RR 1.37 (0.47; 3.99)], and malocclusion [RR 0.93 (0.39; 2.26)] were found. The operative time was longer in the biodegradable group [SMD 0.50 (0.09; 0.91)]. Symptomatic plate/screw removal was comparable among both groups [RR 1.29 (0.68; 2.44)]. Skeletal stability was similar in most types of surgery. Biodegradable osteosyntheses is a valid alternative to titanium osteosyntheses for orthognathic surgery, but with longer operation times. Since the quality of evidence varied from very low to moderate, high‐quality research is necessary to elucidate the potential of biodegradable osteosyntheses.
Epidemiology of nursing home dialysis patients—A hidden population
Authors: Bellin Eran Y. , Hellebrand Alice M. , Kaplan Steven M. , Ledvina Jordan G. , Markis William T. , Levin Nathan W. , Kaufman Allen M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionDialysis patients are often discharged from hospitals to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), but little has been published about their natural history.MethodsUsing electronic medical record data, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of nursing home patients treated with in‐SNF hemodialysis from January 1, 2018 through June 20, 2020 within a dialysis organization across eight states. A dialytic episode began with the first in‐SNF dialysis and was ended by hospitalization, death, transfer, or cessation of treatment. The clinical characteristics and natural history of these patients and their dialytic episodes are described.FindingsFour thousand five hundred and ten patients experienced 9274 dialytic episodes. Dialytic episodes had a median duration of 18 days (IQR: 8–38) and were terminated by a hospitalization n = 5747 (62%), transfer n = 2638 (28%), death n = 568 (6%), dialysis withdrawal n = 129 (1.4%), recovered function n = 2 (0.02%), or other cause n = 6 (0.06%). Increased patient mortality was associated with advancing age, low serum creatinine, albumin, or sodium, and low pre‐dialytic systolic blood pressure (sBP). U‐shaped relationships to mortality were observed for intradialytic hypotension frequency and for post‐ > pre‐hemodialysis sBP frequency. Prescription of dialysis five times weekly in the first 2 weeks was associated with better survival in the first 90 days (HR 0.77, CI 0.62–0.96; p < 0.02).DiscussionProvision of in‐SNF dialysis by an external dialysis organization enables discharge from the acute care setting for appropriate treatment with increased nursing contact time in an otherwise under‐resourced environment. SNF ESRD patient clinical characteristics and outcomes are extensively characterized for the first time.
Is home hemodialysis a practical option for older people?
Authors: Wu Henry H. L. , Nixon Andrew C. , Dhaygude Ajay P. , Jayanti Anu , Mitra Sandip 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn increasing demand for in‐center dialysis services has been largely driven by a rapid growth of the older population progressing to end‐stage kidney disease. Since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, efforts to encourage home‐based dialysis options have increased due to risks of infective transmission for patients receiving hemodialysis in center‐based units. There are various practical and clinical advantages for patients receiving hemodialysis at home. However, the lack of caregiver support, cognitive and physical impairment, challenges of vascular access, and preparation and training for home hemodialysis (HHD) initiation may present as barriers to successful implementation of HHD in the older dialysis population. Assessment of an older patient's frailty status may help clinicians guide patients when making decisions about HHD. The development of an assisted HHD care delivery model and advancement of telehealth and technology in provision of HHD care may increase accessibility of HHD services for older patients. This review examines these factors and explores current unmet needs and barriers to increasing access, inclusion, and opportunities of HHD for the older dialysis population.
Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling in hemodialysis: A long‐forgotten issue revisited
Authors: Ertuglu Lale A. , Demiray Atalay , Basile Carlo , Afsar Baris , Covic Adrian , Kanbay Mehmet 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSodium and ultrafiltration profiling are method of dialysis in which dialysate sodium concentration and ultrafiltration rate are altered during the course of the dialysis session. Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling have been used, commonly simultaneously, to improve hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis. Sodium profiling is particularly effective in decreasing the incidence of intradialytic hypotension, while ultrafiltration profiling is suggested to decrease subclinical repeated end organ ischemia during dialysis. However, complications such as increased interdialytic weight gain and thirst due to sodium excess have prevented widespread use of sodium profiling. Evidence suggest that different sodium profiling techniques may lead to different clinical results, and preferring sodium balance neutral sodium profiling may mitigate adverse effects related to sodium overload. However, evidence is lacking on the long‐term clinical outcomes of different sodium profiling methods. Optimal method of sodium profiling as well as the utility of sodium/ultrafiltration profiling in routine practice await further clinical investigation.
Densification of glass powder studied by master sintering curve and master kinetic curve methods
Authors: Talimian Ali , Wondraczek Lothar , Galusek Dušan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe master sintering curve method was applied to analyze the sintering and crystallization behavior of 15Na2O.10CaO.75SiO2 (SLS) and 17Na2O.33CaO.50SiO2 (NC2S3) glasses, in mol %. The densification of samples was successfully analyzed using the master sintering curve (MSC) method; it gives activation energy Q = 310–340 kJ.mol−1, which is in good agreement with the expected activation energy of the viscous flow. While the obtained activation energy enables predicting the sintering behavior of SLS glass, the actual results are different from the estimated data for NC2S3. The activation energy of crystallization of NC2S3, determined by constructing Master Kinetic Curves (MKC) was lower than the sintering activation energy: this impairs the prediction ability of MSC for NC2S3 glass.
Effect of immersive virtual reality on pain in different dental procedures in children: A pilot study
Authors: Alshatrat Sabha Mahmoud , Sabarini Jumana M. , Hammouri Hanan M. , Al‐Bakri Isra Abdulkarim , Al‐Omari Wael Mousa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundImplementing effective pain management is important to increase patient compliance during paediatric dental procedures.AimThis pilot study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) on pain perception in dental procedures in children.Material and MethodsFifty‐four children aged between 5 and 12 years were included. Patients scheduled to receive dental procedures not requiring local anesthesia (eg, fluoride therapy) were assigned to Group A, and patients scheduled to receive painful dental procedures requiring local anesthesia (eg, pulp therapy, teeth extraction) were assigned to Group B. Patients in each group were randomly assigned and were equally likely to either receive VR during their dental procedure, or treatment as usual (without VR). Visual analog scale (VAS), Wong‐Baker FACES rating scale, and the ‘Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability’ scale (FLACC scale) were used to assess the pain levels during dental procedures.ResultsPatients receiving painful dental procedures requiring local anesthesia reported significant reductions in pain intensity/worst pain during the dental procedure on all subjective and behavioral pain measures of pain intensity with the use of VR distraction technique (P < .05 on each). Patients receiving non‐painful dental procedures showed the predicted pattern but no significant reduction in worst pain during VR.ConclusionThe use of VR was found to be an effective distraction tool to ease pain and anxiety in the tested dental procedures, for children receiving painful dental procedures.
Estimating sexual knowledge of people with mild intellectual disability through a valid and reliable assessment scale: The ISK‐ID
Authors: Gil‐Llario Mª Dolores , Castro‐Calvo Jesus , Fernández‐García Olga , Elipe‐Miravet Marcel , Ballester‐Arnal Rafael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite the relevance of assessing sexual knowledge in people with Intellectual Disability, there is a lack of appropriate assessment tools to measure this domain. The current study tests the psychometric properties of the new ‘Inventory of Sexual Knowledge of people with Intellectual Disability’ (ISK‐ID).Method345 individuals with mild intellectual disability completed the ISK‐ID before and after the implementation of a sexual education program. Psychometric properties of the ISK‐ID were analysed according to Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT).ResultsIts underlying factorial structure, along with parameters derived from the MIRT (item discrimination, difficulty, and participant's ability), support the use of the ISK‐ID as a measure of sexual knowledge. Moreover, the ISK‐ID was able to detect changes in the level of sexual knowledge resulting from educational interventions (i.e., responsiveness).ConclusionsThe ISK‐ID is an appropriate assessment tool to measure sexual knowledge in men and women with mild intellectual disability.