bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MIGHTEE: total intensity radio continuum imaging and the COSMOS/XMM-LSS Early Science fields
Authors: Heywood I , Jarvis M J , Hale C L , Whittam I H , Bester H L , Hugo B , Kenyon J S , Prescott M , Smirnov O M , Tasse C , Afonso J M , Best P N , Collier J D , Deane R P , Frank B S , Hardcastle M J , Knowles K , Maddox N , Murphy E J , Prandoni I , Randriamampandry S M , Santos M G , Sekhar S , Tabatabaei F , Taylor A R , Thorat K 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
MIGHTEE is a galaxy evolution survey using simultaneous radio continuum, spectropolarimetry, and spectral line observations from the South African MeerKAT telescope. When complete, the survey will image ∼20 deg2 over the COSMOS, E-CDFS, ELAIS-S1, and XMM-Newton Large Scale Structure field (XMM-LSS) extragalactic deep fields with a central frequency of 1284 MHz. These were selected based on the extensive multiwavelength data sets from numerous existing and forthcoming observational campaigns. Here, we describe and validate the data processing strategy for the total intensity continuum aspect of MIGHTEE, using a single deep pointing in COSMOS (1.6 deg2) and a three-pointing mosaic in XMM-LSS (3.5 deg2). The processing includes the correction of direction-dependent effects, and results in thermal noise levels below 2 $\mathrm{\mu }$Jy beam−1 in both fields, limited in the central regions by classical confusion at ∼8 arcsec angular resolution, and meeting the survey specifications. We also produce images at ∼5 arcsec resolution that are ∼3 times shallower. The resulting image products form the basis of the Early Science continuum data release for MIGHTEE. From these images we extract catalogues containing 9896 and 20 274 radio components in COSMOS and XMM-LSS, respectively. We also process a close-packed mosaic of 14 additional pointings in COSMOS and use these in conjunction with the Early Science pointing to investigate methods for primary beam correction of broad-band radio images, an analysis that is of relevance to all full-band MeerKAT continuum observations, and wide-field interferometric imaging in general. A public release of the MIGHTEE Early Science continuum data products accompanies this article.
JKAP serves as a potential biomarker for the evaluation of inflammatory condition, disease activity, and treatment response to TNF inhibitor in ankylosing spondylitis patients
Authors: Zhou Xianjie , Li Mingwu 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the value of JKAP as a biomarker in estimating treatment response to TNF inhibitor in AS patients.MethodsTotally, 63 AS patents who planned to receive adalimumab (TNF inhibitor) treatment were enrolled. Baseline JKAP level was determined in serum samples. All patients received 40 mg adalimumab every two weeks for 12 weeks. At W2, W4, W8, and W12, ASAS40 response rates were evaluated.ResultsJKAP was negatively correlated with CRP (P = 0.032), BASDAI score (P = 0.021), BASFI score (P = 0.045), ASDASCRP score (P = 0.038), TNF-α (P = 0.031), IL-6 (P = 0.025) and IL-17A (P = 0.022). The ASAS40 response rates were 17.5%, 31.7%, 44.4% and 55.5% at W2, W4, W8 and W12, respectively. Baseline JKAP level was lower in patients with ASAS40 response than those without ASAS40 response (25.8 (13.2–42.7) pg/mL vs. 47.3 (26.7–71.2) pg/mL, P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression disclosed that JKAP level (P = 0.049) and CRP level (P = 0.014) independently correlated with ASAS40 response; further analyses disclosed that they exhibited acceptable to good ability in distinguishing patients with ASAS40 response from those without ASAS40 response.ConclusionJKAP serves as a potential biomarker for evaluation of inflammatory condition, disease activity, especially for assessing treatment response to TNF inhibitor in AS patients.
Diagnostic utility of serum biomarkers in large vessel vasculitis and their correlation with positron emission tomography
Authors: Bilici Salman Reyhan , Koca Gülce , Gülbahar Ateş Seda , Yapar Dilek , Babaoglu Hakan , Satış Hasan , Avanoglu Güler Aslıhan , Karadeniz Hazan , Ataş Nuh , Küçük Hamit , Akdemir Ümit Özgür , Haznedaroğlu Şeminur , Tufan Abdurrahman , Göker Berna , Paşaoğlu Hatice , Atay Lütfiye Özlem , Öztürk Mehmet Akif 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To investigate the association between vascular inflammation, as detected by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and interleukin-6 (IL-6), pentraxin3, and B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) in subjects with LVV.

Methods
The study included newly diagnosed giant cell arteritis (GCA, n = 27) or Takayasu arteritis (n = 9) patients and healthy control (HC, n = 31) subjects. PET scan and blood samples were obtained before the introduction of treatments. IL-6, PTX3, and BAFF levels were determined quantitatively by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.

Results
Thirty-six patients with LVV (20 females, 16 males; age 64.5 ± 16.6 years) and 31 HC (14 females, 17 males; age 37.1 ± 9.6 years) were included. Serum levels of IL-6, PTX3, and BAFF were increased in patients with newly diagnosed LVV compared with healthy control subjects. In receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, serum IL-6 and BAFF provided excellent discrimination of newly diagnosed LVV patients from HC (area under the ROC curve of &gt;0.90 and &gt;0.80, respectively). None of the inflammatory markers correlated with vascular inflammatory activity determined by PET scanning.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that IL-6 and BAFF may serve as markers of large vessel vasculitis, while PTX3 is not useful. None of the inflammatory markers correlated with PET assessed vasculitis activity.
Nation-wide survey of the treatment trend of microscopic polyangiitis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis in Japan using the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Database
Authors: Nagasaka Kenji , Kaname Shinya , Amano Koichi , Kato Masaru , Katsumata Yasuhiro , Komagata Yoshinori , Sada Ken-Ei , Tanaka Eiichi , Tamura Naoto , Dobashi Hiroaki , Nanki Toshihiro , Harabuchi Yasuaki , Bando Masashi , Homma Sakae , Wada Takashi , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
In Japan, clinical records of patients with intractable diseases, including microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), are compiled into a database. This study aimed to understand the current treatment status and changes in treatment regimens from our previous survey.

Methods
Using data from 2012 and 2013, patients with new-onset MPA and GPA were extracted and analysed.

Results
We analysed 1278 MPA and 215 GPA patients. The average age was 71.7 and 62.7 years, respectively. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was used in 51.2% of MPA patients and 40.5% of GPA patients; the initial prednisolone-equivalent glucocorticoid dose was 39.5 mg/day in MPA and 46.6 mg/day in GPA. Concomitant intravenous or oral cyclophosphamide (CY) was administered to 22.6% of MPA and 56.3% of GPA. Young age, bloody sputum, low serum creatinine, and high C-reactive protein levels were independently associated with CY use in MPA. Compliance with treatment protocol for Japanese patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis study criteria or the 2011 clinical practice guidelines for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis was 42.7% and 49.7%, respectively.

Conclusions
MPA was more prevalent than GPA in the registry. Compared to patients with GPA, MPA patients were older and used CY less frequently. No apparent changes in treatment trends were observed from the previous survey.
Therapeutic effect of targeting Substance P on the progression of osteoarthritis
Authors: Shirakawa Yoshiko , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Kanemitsu Munekazu , Nekomoto Akinori , Ishikawa Masakazu , Yimiti Dilimulati , Miyaki Shigeru , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Substance P (SP) modulates NK1 and has various functions such as regulation of pain response, bone metabolism, and angiogenesis, which are recognized as important factors in osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of targeting SP on OA progression.

Methods
SP expression patterns were analysed histologically in articular cartilage and subchondral bone of human knees from OA patients and autopsy donors as non-OA samples and in mouse articular cartilage. Moreover, to examine the effect of SP on the progression of OA, we administered drugs to mice following the surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus: Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), septide (NK1 receptor agonist), or aprepitant (NK1 receptor antagonist). Histological analysis and bone morphologic analysis using micro-computed tomography were performed.

Results
In human analysis, the expression of SP in mild OA samples was significantly higher than that in severe OA, and that in healthy cartilage was significantly higher than that in OA. In mouse analysis, Osteoarthritis Research Society International scores in the septide group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Computed tomography analysis showed that the subchondral bone’s epiphysis in the control group had sclerotic change, not observed in the septide group.

Conclusions
The administration of septide ameliorates OA progression through preventing subchondral bone sclerosis.
NP-MRD: the Natural Products Magnetic Resonance Database
Authors: Wishart David S , Sayeeda Zinat , Budinski Zachary , Guo AnChi , Lee Brian L , Berjanskii Mark , Rout Manoj , Peters Harrison , Dizon Raynard , Mah Robert , Torres-Calzada Claudia , Hiebert-Giesbrecht Mickel , Varshavi Dorna , Varshavi Dorsa , Oler Eponine , Allen Dana , Cao Xuan , Gautam Vasuk , Maras Andrew , Poynton Ella F , Tavangar Pegah , Yang Vera , van Santen Jeffrey A , Ghosh Rajarshi , Sarma Saurav , Knutson Eleanor , Sullivan Victoria , Jystad Amy M , Renslow Ryan , Sumner Lloyd W , Linington Roger G , Cort John R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Natural Products Magnetic Resonance Database (NP-MRD) is a comprehensive, freely available electronic resource for the deposition, distribution, searching and retrieval of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data on natural products, metabolites and other biologically derived chemicals. NMR spectroscopy has long been viewed as the ‘gold standard’ for the structure determination of novel natural products and novel metabolites. NMR is also widely used in natural product dereplication and the characterization of biofluid mixtures (metabolomics). All of these NMR applications require large collections of high quality, well-annotated, referential NMR spectra of pure compounds. Unfortunately, referential NMR spectral collections for natural products are quite limited. It is because of the critical need for dedicated, open access natural product NMR resources that the NP-MRD was funded by the National Institute of Health (NIH). Since its launch in 2020, the NP-MRD has grown quickly to become the world's largest repository for NMR data on natural products and other biological substances. It currently contains both structural and NMR data for nearly 41,000 natural product compounds from &gt;7400 different living species. All structural, spectroscopic and descriptive data in the NP-MRD is interactively viewable, searchable and fully downloadable in multiple formats. Extensive hyperlinks to other databases of relevance are also provided. The NP-MRD also supports community deposition of NMR assignments and NMR spectra (1D and 2D) of natural products and related meta-data. The deposition system performs extensive data enrichment, automated data format conversion and spectral/assignment evaluation. Details of these database features, how they are implemented and plans for future upgrades are also provided. The NP-MRD is available at https://np-mrd.org.
Stage 2 Registered Report: Metacognitive asymmetries in visual perception
Authors: Mazor Matan , Moran Rani , Fleming Stephen M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Representing the absence of objects is psychologically demanding. People are slower, less confident and show lower metacognitive sensitivity (the alignment between subjective confidence and objective accuracy) when reporting the absence compared with presence of visual stimuli. However, what counts as a stimulus absence remains only loosely defined. In this Registered Report, we ask whether such processing asymmetries extend beyond the absence of whole objects to absences defined by stimulus features or expectation violations. Our pre-registered prediction was that differences in the processing of presence and absence reflect a default mode of reasoning: we assume an absence unless evidence is available to the contrary. We predicted asymmetries in response time, confidence, and metacognitive sensitivity in discriminating between stimulus categories that vary in the presence or absence of a distinguishing feature, or in their compliance with an expected default state. Using six pairs of stimuli in six experiments, we find evidence that the absence of local and global stimulus features gives rise to slower, less confident responses, similar to absences of entire stimuli. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, the presence or absence of a local feature has no effect on metacognitive sensitivity. Our results weigh against a proposal of a link between the detection metacognitive asymmetry and default reasoning, and are instead consistent with a low-level visual origin of metacognitive asymmetries for presence and absence.
From non-conscious processing to conscious events: a minimalist approach
Authors: Sklar Asael Y , Kardosh Rasha , Hassin Ran R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The minimalist approach that we develop here is a framework that allows to appreciate how non-conscious processing and conscious contents shape human cognition, broadly defined. It is composed of three simple principles. First, cognitive processes are inherently non-conscious, while their inputs and (interim) outputs may be consciously experienced. Second, non-conscious processes and elements of the cognitive architecture prioritize information for conscious experiences. Third, conscious events are composed of series of conscious contents and non-conscious processes, with increased duration leading to more opportunity for processing. The narrowness of conscious experiences is conceptualized here as a solution to the problem of channeling the plethora of non-conscious processes into action and communication processes that are largely serial. The framework highlights the importance of prioritization for consciousness, and we provide an illustrative review of three main factors that shape prioritization—stimulus strength, motivational relevance and mental accessibility. We further discuss when and how this framework (i) is compatible with previous theories, (ii) enables new understandings of established findings and models, and (iii) generates new predictions and understandings.
A relational approach to consciousness: categories of level and contents of consciousness
Authors: Tsuchiya Naotsugu , Saigo Hayato 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Characterizing consciousness in and of itself is notoriously difficult. Here, we propose an alternative approach to characterize, and eventually define, consciousness through exhaustive descriptions of consciousness’ relationships to all other consciousness. This approach is founded in category theory. Indeed, category theory can prove that two objects A and B in a category can be equivalent if and only if all the relationships that A holds with others in the category are the same as those of B; this proof is called the Yoneda lemma. To introduce the Yoneda lemma, we gradually introduce key concepts of category theory to consciousness researchers. Along the way, we propose several possible definitions of categories of consciousness, both in terms of level and contents, through the usage of simple examples. We propose to use the categorical structure of consciousness as a gold standard to formalize empirical research (e.g. color qualia structure at fovea and periphery) and, especially, the empirical testing of theories of consciousness.
Opioid Prescription Practices of Neurosurgeons in the United States: An Analysis of the Medicare Database, 2013-2017
Authors: Singh Rohin , Meyer Benjamen M , Doan Matthew K , Pollock Jordan R , Garcia Jose O , Rahmani Redi , Srinivasan Visish M , Catapano Joshua S , Lawton Michael T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Opioids are a highly effective yet potentially addictive tool in postsurgical pain management. Neurosurgical prescribing patterns should be continually monitored to assure optimal use of these drugs.

OBJECTIVE
To characterize the number of prescriptions written by neurosurgeons for the most commonly prescribed opioids and to assess the geographic trends and quantify the length of prescriptions and number of Medicare beneficiaries receiving opioids during the study period.

METHODS
The Medicare Part D database was queried to determine the most common opioids prescribed by neurosurgeons from 2013 to 2017. The number of prescriptions, mean length of prescriptions, and number of beneficiaries were tabulated by geographical region of practice.

RESULTS
The number of opioid prescriptions in the US decreased by 28.4%, from 379 346 in 2013 to 271 738 in 2017. This trend was observed across all geographical regions. The South had the highest number of prescriptions and smallest percent change of all regions, from 217 431 in 2013 to 164 495 in 2017 (−24.3%). The mean length of prescription increased slightly, from 16.0 d in 2013 to 17.3 d in 2017 (8.0%). The number of beneficiaries receiving opioids increased by 33.0% during the study period, from 174 491 in 2013 to 232 055 in 2017. The number of beneficiaries ≥65 yr increased 45.5%, from 53 596 in 2013 to 77 976 in 2017.

CONCLUSION
Although more people are receiving opioids, the total number of prescriptions is decreasing. This decrease may reflect a decrease in the abuse of these drugs and the success of prescription drug monitoring programs.
Impact of lymphopenia on survival for elderly patients with glioblastoma: A secondary analysis of the CCTG CE.6 (EORTC 26062-22061, TROG08.02) randomized clinical trial
Authors: Song Andrew J , Ding Keyue , Alnahhas Iyad , Laperriere Normand J , Perry James , Mason Warren P , Winch Chad , O’Callaghan Chris J , Menten Johan J , Brandes Alba A , Phillips Claire , Fay Michael F , Nishikawa Ryo , Osoba David , Cairncross J Gregory , Roa Wilson , Wick Wolfgang , Shi Wenyin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Lymphopenia may lead to worse outcomes for glioblastoma patients. This study is a secondary analysis of the CCTG CE.6 trial evaluating the impact of chemotherapy and radiation on lymphopenia, and effects of lymphopenia on overall survival (OS).

Methods
CCTG CE.6 randomized elderly glioblastoma patients (≥ 65 years) to short-course radiation alone (RT) or short-course radiation with temozolomide (RT + TMZ). Lymphopenia (mild-moderate: grade 1–2; severe: grade 3–4) was defined per CTCAE v3.0, and measured at baseline, 1 week and 4 weeks post-RT. Preselected key factors for analysis included age, sex, ECOG, resection extent, MGMT methylation, Mini-Mental State Examination, and steroid use. Multinomial logistic regression and multivariable Cox regression models were used to identify lymphopenia-associated factors and association with survival.

Results
Five hundred and sixty-two patients were analyzed (281 RT vs 281 RT+TMZ). At baseline, both arms had similar rates of mild-moderate (21.4% vs 21.4%) and severe (3.2% vs 2.9%) lymphopenia. However, at 4 weeks post-RT, RT+TMZ was more likely to develop lymphopenia (mild-moderate: 27.9% vs 18.2%; severe: 9.3% vs 1.8%; p&lt;0.001). Developing any lymphopenia post-RT was associated with baseline lymphopenia (P &lt; .001). Baseline lymphopenia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.3) was associated with worse OS (HR: 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.62; P = .02), regardless of MGMT status.

Conclusions
Development of post-RT lymphopenia is associated with addition of TMZ and baseline lymphopenia and not with RT alone in patients treated with short-course radiation. However, regardless of MGMT status, only baseline lymphopenia is associated with worse OS, which may be considered as a prognostic biomarker for elderly glioblastoma patients.
Impact of co-occurring drug use, hazardous alcohol use and mental health disorders on drug use patterns in people living with HIV and hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: McCormick Sean , Ward Kathleen M , Sutcliffe Catherine G , Irvin Risha , Chander Geetanjali , Brooner Robert K , Mehta Shruti H , Thomas David L , Sulkowski Mark , Falade-Nwulia Oluwaseun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Drug use, hazardous alcohol use, and mental health disorders are prevalent among people with HIV and HCV infection. Co-occurrence of alcohol use and depression negatively impacts substance use patterns. Nevertheless, HCV treatment provides a promising opportunity to identify and address co-occurring drug use, hazardous alcohol use, and mental health disorders.
A Multidimensional Cross-Sectional Analysis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Seroprevalence Among a Police Officer Cohort: The PoliCOV-19 Study
Authors: Sendi Parham , Baldan Rossella , Thierstein Marc , Widmer Nadja , Gowland Peter , Gahl Brigitta , Büchi Annina Elisabeth , Güntensperger Dominik , Wider Manon , Blum Manuel Raphael , Tinguely Caroline , Maillat Cédric , Theel Elitza S , Berbari Elie , Dijkman Ronald , Niederhauser Christoph 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Protests and police fieldwork provide a high-exposure environment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. In this cross-sectional analysis, we investigated the seroprevalence among a police cohort, and sociodemographic, work, and health-related factors associated with seropositivity.

Methods
Study participants were invited for serological testing of SARS-CoV-2 and to complete online questionnaires. Serum neutralization titers toward the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (expressing D614G) and the Alpha and Beta variants were measured in seropositive study participants.

Results
A total of 978 police personnel representing 35% of the entire staff participated from February to March 2021. The seroprevalence was 12.9%. It varied by geographic region, ranged from 9% to 13.5% in 3 regions, including the city; and was 22% in Bernese Seeland/Jura with higher odds for seropositivity (odds ratio [OR], 2.38 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.28–4.44], P=.006). Job roles with mainly office activity were associated with a lower risk of seropositivity (OR, 0.33 [95% CI, .14–.77], P=.010). Self-reported compliance with mask wearing during working hours was 100%; 45% of seropositive vs 5% of seronegative participants (P&lt;.001) reported having had contact with a proven coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case living in the same household prior to serological testing. The level of serum antibody titers correlated with neutralization capacity. Antibodies derived from natural SARS-CoV-2 infection effectively neutralized the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, but were less effective against the Alpha and Beta variants.

Conclusions
The seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies of police officers was comparable to that reported in the general population, suggesting that the personal protective equipment of the police is effective, and that household contacts are the leading transmission venues. The level of serum antibody titers, in particular that of anti-spike antibodies, correlated well with neutralization capacity. Low antibody titers acquired from natural infection were not effective against variants.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04643444.