bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive in Vivo Fluorescence Imaging of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Small Molecule-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in BALB/c mice.
Authors: Lee Sang Yeon , Han Ho-Seong , Kim Sang Tae , Kim Tae Hyun , Lee Kye Ho 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMesenchymal cell has been frequently used in clinical studies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent stem cells with the potential to differentiate into multiple mesoderm lineages. But MSC have limitation in clinical application for treating human diseases because they can differentiate several types of cell but not all types. PSL (Pluripotent Stem cell Like cell) are newly developed pluripotent stem cells from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) induced by small molecule compounds. These cells have potential advantages for clinical cell treatment compared with ESCs and iPSCs.MethodsWe induced pluripotency from MSC using small molecules. It has tried to trace MSC and PSL in mice using bioluminescent techniques, which can detect visible light emitted from cells labeled with miRNA conjugated fluorescent molecules. ResultsMSCs predominantly migrate into the brain and testis. They also migrate to the liver, omentum, mesentery, kidneys and spleen. Migration of PSL is similar to MSCs, in that they go to the brain, testis and other intraperitoneal organs. Fluorescent images of explanted organs show that the intensity of brain images is higher in the PSL mouse group than the MSC mouse group. However, testis, image intensity is higher in MSC mouse group than the PSL mouse group. In PSL but not MSC mice, fluorescence persisted at the injection site in the tail.ConclusionsIn this study, injected MSCs and PSL predominantly migrated to the brain and testis. But, PSL migration was more than MSC migration in Brain. Both cell types had a similar migration pattern except for persistent fluorescence at injection site in the tail vein of PSL mice. We expect these cell therapy may have many potentials for clinical studies on these notable treatments.
The reality of employing the mathematics lab and its relationship to developing geometrical proof skills among high school students
Authors: Alshafey Gehan Ahmed Mahmoud , Aldosary Sara Saad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to reveal the reality of employing the mathematics laboratory and its relation to the development of geometrical proof skills among high school students. Descriptive and semi-experimental methods were used to answer the research questions, and the study conducted a questionnaire administered to the secondary school teachers aimed at revealing the reality of employing the mathematics laboratory from their point of view and a list of geometrical proof skills necessary for high school students. A random sample was selected and represented by the research community that includes female teachers and female students in the secondary stage in Jubail city. The research sample consisted of (12 teachers and 58 students) divided into two groups, the first group included 28 students who studied geometrical proof by employing the mathematics laboratory, and the second group included 29 students who studied geometrical proof without employing the mathematics lab. The results showed that the reality of employing the mathematics laboratory from the point of view of the secondary school teachers in Jubail city was generally moderate, as there are statistically significant differences at the level of (0.01) of the means of scores between the first group and the second group in the skill of inferring relationships and the skill of the evaluation of proof due to the employment of the mathematics laboratory.
The Design of the Emission Layer for Electron Multipliers
Authors: Wang Yuman , Yan Baojun , Wen Kaile , Liu Shulin , Qi Ming , Zhang Binting , Gu Jianyu , Yao Wenjing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The electron multipliers gain is closely related to the secondary electron emission coefficient (SEE) of the emission layer materials. The SEE is closely related to the thickness of the emission layer. If the emission layer is thin, the low SEE causes the low gain of electron multipliers. If the emission layer is thick, the conductive layer can't timely supplement charge to the emission layer, the electronic amplifier gain is low too. The electron multipliers usually choose Al2O3 and MgO film as the emission layer because of the high SEE level. MgO easy deliquescence into Mg(OH)2 resulting in the lower SEE level. The SEE level of Al2O3 is lower than MgO, but Al2O3 is stable. We designed a spherical system for testing the SEE level of materials, and proposed to use lowenergy secondary electrons instead of low-energy electron beam for neutralization to measuring the SEE level of Al2O3, MgO, MgO/Al2O3, Al2O3/MgO, and precisely control the film thickness by using atomic layer deposition (ALD). We propose to compare the SEE under the adjacent incident electrons energy to partition the SEE value of the material, and obtain four empirical formula for the relationship between SEE and thickness. Through experiments and calculations, we put forward a new emission layer for electron multipliers, including 2~3 nm Al2O3 buffer layer, 9nm MgO main-body layer, 1nm protective layer or 0.3nm enhancement layer. We can apply this new emission layer to channel electron multiplier (CEM), microchannel plate (MCP), separate electron multiplier.
Genome Sequence, Transcriptome, and Annotation of Rodent Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Yoelii Nigeriensis N67
Authors: Zhang Cui , Oguz Cihan , Huse Sue , Xia Lu , Wu Jian , Peng Yu-Chih , Smith Margaret , Chen Jack , Long Carole A. , Lack Justin , Su Xin-zhuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Rodent malaria parasites are important models for studying host-malaria parasite interactions such as host immune response, mechanisms of parasite evasion of host killing, and vaccine development. One of the rodent malaria parasites is Plasmodium yoelii, and multiple P. yoelii strains or subspecies that cause different disease phenotypes have been widely employed in various studies. The genomes and transcriptomes of several P. yoelii strains have been analyzed and annotated, including the lethal strains of Plasmodium y. yoelii YM (or 17XL) and non-lethal strains of Plasmodium y. yoelii 17XNL/17X. Genomic DNA sequences and cDNA reads from another subspecies P. y. nigeriensis N67 have been reported for studies of genetic polymorphisms and parasite response to drugs, but its genome has not been assembled and annotated. Results: We performed genome sequencing of the N67 parasite using the PacBio long-read sequencing technology, de novo assembled its genome and transcriptome, and predicted 5,383 genes with high overall annotation quality. Comparison of the annotated genome of the N67 parasite with those of YM and 17X parasites revealed a set of genes with N67-specific orthology, expansion of gene families, particularly the homologs of the Plasmodium chabaudi erythrocyte membrane antigen, large numbers of SNPs and indels, and proteins predicted to interact with host immune responses based on their functional domains. Conclusions: The genomes of N67 and 17X parasites are highly diverse, having approximately one polymorphic site per 50 base pairs of DNA. The annotated N67 genome and transcriptome provide searchable databases for fast retrieval of genes and proteins, which will greatly facilitate our efforts in studying the parasite biology and gene function and in developing effective control measures against malaria.
WITHDRAWN: Amelioration of hippocampal neuronal morphology and function by mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in APP/PS1 transgenic mice
Authors: Wang Han , Liu Yuqi , Li Junchen , Wang Tian , Hei Yue , Li Huiming , Wang Xue , Wang Lina , Zhao Ruijing , Baskys Andrius , Liu Weiping , Long Qianfa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXO), as a therapeutic agent, have shown great promise in the treatment of neurological diseases. To date, the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism(s) of MSC-EXO in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of MSC-EXO on hippocampal neuronal structure and function in APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice. Here, the APP/PS1 transgenic mice received a single-dose of MSC-EXO via a tail vein injection, and were then assessed for pathological changes, neuronal morphology alterations, electrophysiological variations, and behavioral deficits. Additionally, the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2, a key mediator of oxidative injury) signaling pathway was probed by Western blotting in H2O2-stimulated hippocampal neurons and a mouse model of AD. Our results showed that MSC-EXO therapy inhibited β-amyloid protein (Aβ) aggregation by reducing protein expression of 6E10 (marker of deposited amyloid plaques), repaired the synapses and dendritic spines of hippocampal neurons, restored action potentials in hippocampal pyramidal cells, improved cognitive abilities, and reduced memory impairments in a mouse model of AD. Additionally, we found that the Nrf2 signaling pathway participated in the actions of MSC-EXO, both in vitro and in vivo. Together, these data indicate that MSC-derived exosomes ameliorate the deficits in hippocampal neuronal structure and function associated with the Nrf2 signaling pathway in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, suggesting the MSC-EXO as a functional therapeutic agent in AD.
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus Plantarum Phage P2
Authors: Ma Ruirui , Zhao Jie , Guo She , Chen Xia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum phage P2 was isolated and purified from failed fermentation broth of Lactobacillus plantarum IMAU10120. Its morphology showed this phage belongs to Siphoviridae. The genome size of this phage was 77,937 bp in length with an average G+C content of 39.28 %, including 96 coding sequences (CDS) and 2 tRNA genes. Genomic and phylogenetic analysis revealed that phage P2 is a novel phage. Its predicted functional proteins including structural protein and protein involved in DNA replication and packaging, virus metabolism and host adsorption or lysis are presented.
"You Can Collaborate and Go Together to Do Family Planning”: A Qualitative Endline Evaluation Study of Male Engagement in Promoting Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Services in Rural Kenya.
Authors: Lusambili Adelaide M , Wisofschi Stefania , Shumba Constance , Muriuki Peter , Obure Jerim , Mantel Michaela , Mossman Lindsay , Pell Rachel , Nyaga Lucy , Ngugi Anthony , Orwa James , Luchters Stanley , Mulama Kennedy , Wade Terrance , Temmerman Marleen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDGlobally, male involvement in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) is associated with increased benefits for women, their children, and their communities. Between 2016 and 2020, the Aga Khan University has been implementing the Access to Quality of Care through Extending and Strengthening Health Systems (AQCESS), project funded by the Government of Canada and Aga Khan Foundation Canada (AKFC). A key component of the project was to encourage greater male engagement in RMNCH in rural Kisii and Kilifi, two predominantly patriarchal communities in Kenya, through a wide range of interventions. Towards the end of the project, we conducted a qualitative evaluation to explore how male engagement strategies influenced access to and utilization of RMNCH services. This paper presents the endline evaluative study findings on how male engagement influenced reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health in rural Kisii and Kilifi.METHODSThe study used complementing qualitative methods in the AQCESS intervention areas. We conducted 10 focus group discussions with the community members across four groups including adult women, adult men, adolescent girls, and adolescent boys. We also conducted 11 key informant interviews with facility health managers, and sub county and county officials who were aware of the AQCESS project.RESULTSMale engagement activities in Kisii and Kilifi counties were linked to improved knowledge and uptake of family planning, spousal/partner accompaniment to facility care and defeminization of social and gender roles.CONCLUSIONThis study supports the importance of male involvement in RMNCH in facilitating decisions on women and children’s health as well as in improving spousal support for use of family planning methods.
Design and Analysis of AlGaN/InGaN/GaN and InAlN/InGaN/GaN HEMTs for High-Power Wide Bandwidth Applications
Authors: A REVATHY , Boopathi C.S. , Nirmal D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present the stable transconductance operation of InGaN/GaN composite channel based HEMTs. LG = 55 nm AlGaN/InGaN/GaN (Device A) and InAlN/InGaN/GaN (Device B) HEMTs were proposed and investigated its operational characteristics using numerical simulation. Existence of deeper potential well, the proposed HEMTs possesses high 2DEG (two-dimensional electron gas) density, enhanced electron confinement, and improved electron mobility. As a result, the device shows enhanced current density, and high linearity operation. Furthermore, Al0.04Ga0.96N superlative back-barrier significantly reduces the buffer leakage current resulting in improved breakdown voltage (VBR). The proposed device A (device B) exhibited 2.81 (5) A/mm of output current density, 0.669 (0.7273) S/mm, 4 (7) V of GVS (gate voltage swing), 55.3 (43.5) V of breakdown voltage, and 252/263 (275/289) GHz of FT/FMAX. This excellent device performances illustrates the potential of InGaN/GaN channel HEMTs for future wide-band telecommunication, radio astronomy, radar and space applications.
Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation, Dietary Folate Intake and Low Birth Weight: A Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Yang LiPing , Wang Wenjuan , Mao Baohong , Qiu Jie , Guo Huaqi , Yi Bin , He Xiaochun , Lin Xiaojuan , Lv Ling , Xu XiaoYing , Liu Qing , Cheng Yiming , Cao Yongchun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesTo investigate the independent and collective effects of maternal folic acid supplementation or dietary folate intake upon the risk of low birth weight (LBW), and to further comprehensively examine the joint associations of folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake with LBW by various clinical subtypes.DesignParticipants were recruited in Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital. A standardized and structured questionnaire was distributed to collect demographic factors, reproductive and medical history, occupational and residential history, physical activity and diet. Data on pregnancy-related complications and birth outcomes were extracted from medical records. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for single and joint associations of folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake with LBW. SettingA birth cohort data analysis using the 2010–2012 Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital in Lanzhou, China.Participants9231 pregnant women and their children were enrolled in the study. ResultsCompared to non-users, folic acid supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of LBW (OR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.66-0.97), and the reduced risk was mainly seen for term-LBW (OR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.41-0.85), and multiparous-LBW (OR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.54-0.94). For dietary folate intake, there were no significant associations with LBW, and there was no interaction of folic acid supplement and dietary folate intake on LBW.Conclusions﻿Our study results indicated that folic acid supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of LBW, and there was not interaction of folic acid supplement and dietary folate intake on LBW.
Numerical Modelling of The Behavior of Tunnel in Soft Surrounding Rock. A Case Study of Djebel El-Ouahch Tunnel, Algeria.
Authors: Aicha Barkane , Mezhoud Sami 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The response of a massif to stresses generated by tunnel excavation depends essentially on the geological conditions, the geometry of the tunnel and its underground position. The major problem related to the construction of these structures is to ensure the stability of the whole tunnel-ground, by controlling the various deformation generated during the constructionIn this context, the present paper examines the effect of these conditions on the behavior of tunnels and the surrounding soil. The study is applied to a real tunnel, in this case the tunnel of Djebel El Ouahch, Algeria was taken as a reference model. The research includes a parametric study to evaluate the effect of several parameters on the behavior of the tunnel and surrounding soil such as the tunnel anchoring depth, the tunnel-soil interface rate, and the shape of the tunnel cross section. The analysis is performed using the PLAXIS 3D TUNNEL calculation code with an elastoplastic Mohr-coulomb model for the soil behavior. The results show that the strongest and most stable position is the mid-deep tunnel with a circular section, with a non-slip interface between the tunnel and the ground. These outcomes can help to understand the effects of various influences parameters which control the stability of the tunnel in a soil with bad characteristics.
Yield Advantage of a Maize-peanut Intercropping System
Authors: Li Yan-hong , Wang Lei , Shi De-yang , Dong Shu-ting 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Maize-peanut intercropping is an important element of China’s agricultural planting model, as it confers ecological benefits, promotes species diversity, and increases economic efficiency and yield. The aim of this study was to explore the yield differences between intercropping and monoculture, and to determine the mechanism underlying the high yield efficiency of the intercropping system using the 13C isotope tracer labelling method. The early maturing corn hybrid Denghai 618 and the early maturing and high-yielding peanut variety Huayu 22 were used as test materials. Three kinds of planting methods were employed, i.e. the sole maize (SM), the sole peanut (SP) and maize–peanut intercropping (intercropped maize, IM; intercropped peanut, IP), for two consecutive years. IM increased yield by 59.7% and 62.3% comparing with SM in 2015 and 2016, respectively. IP reduced yield by 31.3% and 32.3% comparing with SP in 2015 and 2016, respectively. IM significantly increased the photosynthetic rate, leaf area, 13C assimilation distribution, and dry matter accumulation of summer maize, which led to an increase in kernel number, resulting in an increased yield. The decrease in intercropped peanut yield was mainly caused by a decrease in the percent of plump pod and number of pods per plant. The decrease in peanut yield did not affect the production of intercropping, because of the large intercropping advantage and land equivalence ratio. Maize-peanut intercropping provided greater economic benefits than monoculture. These results showed the utility of the peanut-maize intercropping model.
Single-Port Thoracoscopic Anatomic Resection for Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease.
Authors: Wu Chen-Yu , Chen Ying-Yuan , Chang Chao-Chun , Yen Yi-Ting , Lai Wu-Wei , Huang Wei-Li , Tseng Yau-Lin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIt is difficult to proceed thoracoscopic anatomic resection when encountering severe adhesion or calcified lymphadenopathy. Compared with open thoracotomy or three-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), single-port (SP-) VATS is preferred. In the present study, we reported the surgical results of chronic inflammatory lung disease and shared some useful SP-VATS techniques.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed the surgical results of chronic inflammatory lung disease, primarily bronchiectasis, and mycobacterial infection, at our institution between 2010 and 2018. The patients who underwent SP-VATS anatomic resection were compared with those who underwent multi-port (MP) procedures. We analyzed the baseline characteristics, perioperative data, and postoperative outcomes, and used four special techniques depending on the situation: flexible hook electrocautery, hilum-first technique, application of Satinsky vascular clamp, and staged closure of bronchial stump method.ResultsWe classified 170 consecutive patients undergoing thoracoscopic anatomic resection into SP and MP groups, which had significant between-group differences in operation time and overall complication rate (P = 0.037 and 0.018, respectively). Compared to the MP-VATS group, the operation time of SP-VATS was shorter, and the conversion rate of SP-VATS was relatively lower (3.1% vs. 10.5%, P = 0.135). The most common complication was prolonged air leakage (SP-VATS, 10.8%; MP-VATS, 2.9%, P = 0.045). ConclusionsFor chronic inflammatory lung disease, certain surgical techniques render SP-VATS anatomic resection feasible and practical with a low conversion rate.
Relationship Between Serum C-reactive protein Levels and Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Lei , He Xiaoyin , He Yuanyuan , Zhang Lihua , Wang Runkun , Shi Shaokui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and Aim: Apolipoprotein E refers to a polymorphic protein involved in lipoprotein transport and metabolism. However, the relationship between Apo E gene polymorphism and serum CRP levels remains unclear. The present meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively assess the relationships between Apo E gene polymorphism and serum CRP levels. Method: Comprehensive search of all relevant documents published in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, Cochrane Library before April 2020. Calculate the standard deviation of mean (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) with a random effects model. Compare serum CRP levels between different Apo E genotypes and isoforms. Use funnel plots to assess publication bias of studies involved. Results: On the whole, 9 studies including 173 different Apo E genotypes comparisons were involved in the present meta-analysis. Overall, the serum CRP level of the apo E ε3ε4 and ε4ε4 genotypes exhibit lower CRP levels as compared with ε3ε3 (OR= -0.21, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.16, P<0.00001; OR= -0.32, 95% CI： -0.39， -0.25, P<0.00001); Apo E ε2ε2 and ε2ε4 display higher CRP levels as compared with ε4ε4 (OR= 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.60, P=0.0006; OR= 0.38, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.49, P<0.00001). Moreover, Apo E E4 isoforms achieve lower CRP levels than E2 and E3 (OR= 0.22, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.26, P<0.00001; OR= 0.22, 95% CI: 0.15， 0.29, P<0.00001). Conclusions: As revealed from the present meta-analysis, serum CRP levels are different between different Apo E gene polymorphism, and Apo E genotypes with a higher risk of atherosclerosis exhibit lower serum CRP levels.