bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zinc supplementation in ruminant diets: efficacy, safety, and formulation
Authors: Robles Jimenez Lizbeth E. , Rodríguez Maya Mario Alberto , Aranda-Aguirre Edgar , Castañon Marta Miranda , Dominguez Vara Ignacio A , Bello-Pérez Einar Vargas- , Manuel González Ronquillo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractZinc (Zn) is a micro mineral with catalytic regulatory and structural functions in muscle tissue. It increases growth in ruminants because it modulates energy metabolism. It participates in the metabolism of proteins and nucleic acids; it stimulates the activity of approximately 100 enzymes and contributes to the proper functioning of the immune system. The use of different sources of Zn in ruminant diets has increased in recent years. Because of the human healthy living trend, dietary supplement alternatives have grown fast in ruminant production. In this sense, dietary Zn has a potential to enhance antiviral immunity, both innate and humoral, and to restore depleted immune cell function or to improve normal immune cell function. In addition, Zn supplementation improves weight gain and reproductive parameters in ruminants. The objective of this review was to update current knowledge on Zn in ruminant diets from intake to excretion.
Dynamics of a two scalar field cosmological model with phantom terms
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos , Leon Genly 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We perform a detailed analysis of the dynamics of a chiral-like cosmological model where the scalar fields can have negative kinetic terms. In particular, we study the asymptotic dynamics for the gravitational field equations for four different models in a spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) background space. When one of the scalar fields is phantom, we show that the cosmological fluid can evolves such that the parameter of the equation of state crosses twice the phantom divide line without the appearance of ghosts. Moreover, the cosmological viability of these four models is discussed.
Dual wideband, polarization, angle-insensitive diffusion electromagnetic surfaces for radar cross section reduction
Authors: Yu Hang , Su Jianxun , Guo Qingxin , Li Zengrui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce an effective technique for designing diffusion electromagnetic (EM) surfaces with polarization and angle-insensitive characteristics over multiple wide bands. The proposed EM surface consists of a random pixelated metal structure in the middle of double substrate layers and a metallic ground at the bottom. Phase cancellation for radar cross section (RCS) reduction is achieved by different propagation paths generated by the pixelated metallic layer. The theoretical prediction of the reduction frequency band and reduction value is derived by transmission line theory, which serves as guidance to design the EM surface for the required operating band. Using this technique, an EM surface is designed for 10 dB RCS reduction over multiple frequency bands, and the first two reduction bands are 5.98–16.23 GHz and 26.69–37.1 GHz with fractional bandwidths of 92.3% and 32.6%, respectively. The non-reduction frequency band between the first two reduction bands is almost at the K-band (18–27 GHz), which is unusable for long-range transmission because of its high atmospheric loss. Moreover, the bandwidth of RCS reduction bands is stable for oblique incident angles up to 40° for both TE and TM polarizations. Based on theoretical study and simulation results, a prototype of this EM surface is fabricated and experimentally characterized. The theoretical analysis, simulation and experiment results are in good agreement. The proposed method comprehensively solves the problems of narrow bandwidth, time-consuming optimization of the unit cell, high bistatic RCS value, and sensitivity to polarization and incident angles found in recent RCS reduction research.
Comparative role of the 7Li(n,
γ
) reaction in Big Bang nucleosynthesis
Authors: Burkovа N A , Dubovichenkо S B , Dzhazairov-Kakhramanov А V , Nurakhmetova S Z 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Within the framework of the modified potential cluster model with forbidden states and their classification according to Young diagrams, the possibility of describing experimental data on the total cross sections of the neutron radiative capture on 7Li is considered. It is shown that the model used and the methods for constructing potentials make it possible to correctly describe the behavior of experimental cross sections at energies of 1 meV to 1.5 MeV, where experimental data are available. Based on the calculated total cross sections up to 5 MeV, the reaction rate is calculated and its analytical approximation is carried out. Resonance structure of 7Li(n, γ)8Li cross section and its impact on the reaction rate is examined. It is shown that the 7Li(n, γ)8Li reaction dominates at T
9 < 0.1 as opposed to the burning of 7Li in the 7Li(3H, n)9Be and 7Li(4Нe, γ)11B reactions, but comparable to (d, γ), (d, p), and (p, γ) at T
9 ∼ 1.
A set of student activities for the simulation of ancient and medieval astronomical observations
Authors: Spathopoulos Vassilios McInnes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A set of student activities is presented based on astronomical observations made by ancient and medieval astronomers. The activities are implemented using freeware planetarium software and can be accessed by astronomy educators or anyone with an interest in the history of astronomy. The use of planetarium software offers a unique possibility to reproduce landmark observations in a fun and interactive way.
Generalizable cone beam CT esophagus segmentation using physics-based data augmentation
Authors: Alam Sadegh R , Li Tianfang , Zhang Pengpeng , Zhang Si-Yuan , Nadeem Saad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Automated segmentation of the esophagus is critical in image-guided/adaptive radiotherapy of lung cancer to minimize radiation-induced toxicities such as acute esophagitis. We have developed a semantic physics-based data augmentation method for segmenting the esophagus in both planning CT (pCT) and cone beam CT (CBCT) using 3D convolutional neural networks. One hundred and ninety-one cases with their pCTs and CBCTs from four independent datasets were used to train a modified 3D U-Net architecture and a multi-objective loss function specifically designed for soft-tissue organs such as the esophagus. Scatter artifacts and noises were extracted from week-1 CBCTs using a power-law adaptive histogram equalization method and induced to the corresponding pCT were reconstructed using CBCT reconstruction parameters. Moreover, we leveraged physics-based artifact induction in pCTs to drive the esophagus segmentation in real weekly CBCTs. Segmentations were evaluated using the geometric Dice coefficient and Hausdorff distance as well as dosimetrically using mean esophagus dose and D
5cc. Due to the physics-based data augmentation, our model trained just on the synthetic CBCTs was robust and generalizable enough to also produce state-of-the-art results on the pCTs and CBCTs, achieving Dice overlaps of 0.81 and 0.74, respectively. It is concluded that our physics-based data augmentation spans the realistic noise/artifact spectrum across patient CBCT/pCT data and can generalize well across modalities, eventually improving the accuracy of treatment setup and response analysis.
A DFT based first-principles investigation of optoelectronic and structural properties of Bi2Te2Se
Authors: Afzal Md Asif , Naqib S H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Bi2Te2Se is a topological insulator (TI) having conducting surface electronic states with an energy gap in the bulk electronic band structure. Such systems are promising for variety of superconducting and quantum computation related applications. In addition, TIs may possess other important bulk physical characteristics appropriate for more conventional applications which are not affected significantly by spin–orbit interaction. In this study we focus on bulk properties of Bi2Te2Se which are not greatly affected by the surface electronic states and therefore, by spin–orbit coupling. We have investigated elastic, mechanical, electronic, optical properties, bonding character and the electronic charge density distribution of ternary Bi2Te2Se to explore its feasibility for potential applications. Bi2Te2Se is found to be mechanically stable and elastically anisotropic. Electronic effective mass is high in the c-direction compared to that in the ab-plane. The optical constants show moderate level of variation with respect to the polarization of the electric field of the incident radiation. The optical spectra are consistent with the bulk electronic band structure and electronic density of states features. Both electronic band structure and optical constants show clear indications of a direct band gap of 0.61 eV for Bi2Te2Se. Bi2Te2Se possesses high refractive index at low photon energies in the infrared and visible region. It has low reflectivity in the ultraviolet region. Bi2Te2Se absorbs photons strongly in the ultraviolet energies. All these characteristics make Bi2Te2Se suitable for diverse class of optoelectronic device applications.
Detection of oil–water interface based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Fu Xingqiao , Men Jinliang , Zhou Kainan , Feng Guoying , Han Jinghua , Xie Na 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Oil leakages can result in significant environmental pollution, and effective methods for separating oil and water must be developed. During this process, being able to accurately determine the interface between oil and water is particularly important. In this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used to detect the luminescence spectra of oil and water with the aim of accurately determining the oil–water interface. The underlying principle exploited in this work is that the constituent elements of oil and water are different and hence will exhibit different characteristic peaks. Thus, based on these peaks, the position of the interface can be determined. More specifically, one can determine whether the oil and water have been separated completely based on the presence (or absence) of the characteristic peak of the elemental C in the oil. In addition, based on the ratio of the intensities of the C and H peaks in the LIBS spectrum, the thickness of the oil layer below the breakdown depth can be determined. What’s more, it is considerable to detect the thickness of the upper-layer liquid between two organic liquids or one with water which are immiscible in breaker, through the same way as analysing the effects of the oil–water interface spectroscopy detection.
Analysis of the excited Ω
c
states as the

12

± pentaquark states with QCD sum rules
Authors: Wang Hui-Juan , Di Zun-Yan , Wang Zhi-Gang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We construct both the scalar-diquark-scalar-diquark-antiquark type and axialvector-diquark-axialvector-diquark-antiquark type interpolating currents to study the charmed pentaquark states

susc

u

¯

with

J

P

=

1

2

±

. We employ the QCD sum rules to investigate the masses and pole residues of the charmed pentaquark states by taking into account the vacuum condensates up to dimension 13 in the operator product expansion. Our calculation results indicate that the scalar-diquark-scalar-diquark-antiquark type and axialvector-diquark-axialvector-diquark-antiquark type charmed pentaquark states

susc

u

¯

with

J

P

=

1

2

−

can be possible candidates of the excited Ω
c
states observed in the LHCb collaboration.
Reservoir-engineered entanglement in an unresolved-sideband optomechanical system
Authors: Wang Yang-Yang , Zhang Rong , Chesi Stefano , Wang Ying-Dan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We study theoretically the generation of strong entanglement of two mechanical oscillators in an unresolved-sideband optomechanical cavity, using a reservoir engineering approach. In our proposal, the effect of unwanted counter-rotating terms is suppressed via destructive quantum interference by the optical field of two auxiliary cavities. For arbitrary values of the optomechanical interaction, the entanglement is obtained numerically. In the weak-coupling regime, we derive an analytical expression for the entanglement of the two mechanical oscillators based on an effective master equation, and obtain the optimal parameters to achieve strong entanglement. Our analytical results are in accord with numerical simulations.
Bipartite fidelity for models with periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Morin-Duchesne Alexi , Parez Gilles , Liénardy Jean 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For a given statistical model, the bipartite fidelity

F

is computed from the overlap between the groundstate of a system of size N and the tensor product of the groundstates of the same model defined on two subsystems A and B, of respective sizes N

A
and N

B
with N = N

A
+ N

B
. In this paper, we study

F

for critical lattice models in the case where the full system has periodic boundary conditions. We consider two possible choices of boundary conditions for the subsystems A and B, namely periodic and open. For these two cases, we derive the conformal field theory prediction for the leading terms in the 1/N expansion of

F

, in a most general case that corresponds to the insertion of four and five fields, respectively. We provide lattice calculations of

F

, both exact and numerical, for two free-fermionic lattice models: the XX spin chain and the model of critical dense polymers. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the lattice results for these two models and find an agreement with the predictions of conformal field theory.
Localization transition in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation: ensembles inequivalence and negative temperatures
Authors: Gradenigo Giacomo , Iubini Stefano , Livi Roberto , Majumdar Satya N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present a detailed account of a first-order localization transition in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation, where the localized phase is associated to the high energy region in parameter space. We show that, due to ensemble inequivalence, this phase is thermodynamically stable only in the microcanonical ensemble. In particular, we obtain an explicit expression of the microcanonical entropy close to the transition line, located at infinite temperature. This task is accomplished making use of large-deviation techniques, that allow us to compute, in the limit of large system size, also the subleading corrections to the microcanonical entropy. These subleading terms are crucial ingredients to account for the first-order mechanism of the transition, to compute its order parameter and to predict the existence of negative temperatures in the localized phase. All of these features can be viewed as signatures of a thermodynamic phase where the translational symmetry is broken spontaneously due to a condensation mechanism yielding energy fluctuations far away from equipartition: actually they prefer to participate in the formation of nonlinear localized excitations (breathers), typically containing a macroscopic fraction of the total energy.
Modeling an automated management system of technological processes in public energetics
Authors: Bondarev A V , Sarkisov S V , Pivovarova I I , Bolbyshev E V , Korpusov A N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article presents an algorithm for managing the fluidized bed boiler during solid fuel combustion at the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex. The review of technological features of fuel combustion in low-power boilers of high-temperature fluidized bed is performed. The calculated parameters of the furnace processes in transient operating modes are modeled. A program for managing calculated parameters in dynamic modes from the operator’s graphical panel has been developed, which is used as a training model in the educational process of training thermal-power and sanitary engineers.
Mentoring as an effective way to train and develop postgraduates in engineering
Authors: Lokteva O , Loktev A , Fazilova Z 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe article defines the relevance of mentoring in the postgraduate stage of engineering education, the importance and necessity of mentoring for training and progress of young scientists and postgraduates in higher educational institutions and organizations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The creation of the mentor register in institutions of higher education and research organizations in order to turn them further into scientific schools. The results of the studies conducted in management mentoring of promising young researchers both in Russia and abroad are considered. «The mentoring program» in the institution of higher education is proposed.
Scientific research as an important aspect of natural science education
Authors: Romankina M Yu , Kuznetsova N V , Fedulova Yu A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Modern higher education makes high requirements on the level of students’ training, which requires a fundamentally new approach to learning. Students’ research work of higher educational institutions is a promising activity that can realize the full personal development of students, reveal their creative potential and individual resources. The organization of research activities will allow to conduct meaningful laboratory and practical classes in an interactive mode, when students develop research, communication and reflexive skills. A competent method of organizing research activities will significantly improve the effectiveness of classroom activities, maintain a high degree of interest and cognitive activity of students, and the use of research training technologies when considering issues of biodiversity will make it possible to identify the essence of the studied processes and ensure professional and personal growth of students. The importance of scientific research in natural science education was evoked. Main directions of the student’s research activity on the base creation for carabidological observations and ecological control are considered. Data received are the case of interest not only for comparative analysis of carabid beetles communities zone changes but also for clarification of carabidofauna spacing under the condition of anthropogenic transformation in the Central part of Russia. The presented information can be used as additional material by teachers of higher and secondary educational organizations and by biology teachers. To arrange the students’ research activity instructional guidelines were worked out which help to form research competence and put into practice research approach in higher education.
Secondary vocational education for IT-industry personnel training: achievements and prospects
Authors: Bodrova E V , Golovanova N B , Kudzh S A , Tsvetkov V Ya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article explores the problem of personnel training for the IT-industry in the secondary vocational education system based on both the statistics analysis and national experience; determines the main trends and the reform outcomes; identifies the best practices for training and potential strategies as well. The conclusion emerges that the secondary vocational education is becoming increasingly important as a part of the lifelong learning strategy. Personnel training for the IT-industry under the incredibly accelerated technological changes requires the same rapid adaptation, combinations of high cost-effectiveness and training flexibility, traditional and advanced training aids, extensive use of the most sophisticated information and communicative resources, formation of not only professional competences but spiritual and personal qualities of the future specialists, creation of conditions for self-development and self-improvement. In this context, the need for the use of the best national and global training practices adapted to the Russian environment has been emphasized in the paper. The current experience analysis has shown that the extensive interaction between business and educational institutions would ensure the formation of staff capacities for high-tech companies.
Organizational and technological features of professional training of student construction brigades
Authors: Gamov B A , Voronkov I E , Ostrovskii R V , Ialunin E G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Modern student construction brigades (SCB) are a significant source of labour resources and have significant potential, the disclosure of which largely depends on the processes of their professional and organizational training effectiveness. Professional training and the expansion of the list of competencies of SCB students at the stage of preparation for the working season can significantly increase the efficiency of attracting students to perform construction, installation and design and survey works, however, the implementation of professional training has a number of organizational and technological features. The level of professional and organizational training of students has a direct impact on the interest of organizations in the construction industry in attracting student construction teams, an increase in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of labour performance and its payment. The authors of the study analyze the results and features of the implementation of the project “Engineer-a working profession”, within the framework of which, from 2015 to 2019, more than 600 students from NRU MGSU underwent professional and specialized industry training. Within the framework of the study, a list of conditions necessary for the effective implementation of professional training of students was formed, the most acute problems and difficulties arising in solving organizational issues were described, and possible ways of solving them were formulated, a relationship was established between the evolution of the project and the most significant achievements of the SCB movement of NRU MGSU. The authors of the study broadcast the accumulated experience of the SCB NRU MGSU in the implementation of professional training of students. The accumulated experience and its structuring will serve as the basis for further improvement of approaches to professional training of SCB students, improving its quality and the effectiveness of attracting students to perform construction, installation and design and survey works in the format of student construction teams.
Planning the use of educational and training applications
Authors: Gysenica Y N , Prorok V Y , Timofeev A V , Kokov R R , Andrianov D U 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Annotation. This paper presents a method for planning the use of educational and training applications, which intended to improve the training level of military specialists. This paper provides an algorithm for determining requirements to important professional qualities and competencies of a military specialist, an integral indicator of his training level for fulfillment of his functional duties, forecasting the process of improving professional qualities and competencies and drafting a rational plan for professional development.
The study on the possibility of forming quadrature components based on Barker codes
Authors: Osipov K A , Prosviriakova L V , Dmitriev A A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The formative stages of the minimum frequency manipulation with a continuous phase with a modified algorithm of formation of quadrature components and Barker code encoding are discussed in this article. The results of modelling the digital sequences scheme using this method are presented. The method of minimum frequency manipulation with continuous phase with changed algorithm of quadrature components formation and Barker code encoding has been described earlier. The minimal spreading of frequencies for minimum frequency manipulation by which the orthogonality of opposite signals is still maintained, it is implemented when the manipulation index is m = 0.5 and constitutes the value that is inversely proportional to the doubled duration of the elementary pulse transmitted by the sequence, 2Δf = 1/2τ.