bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH FOR NAHWU LEARNING
Authors: Zaenab Siti 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the development of scientific-based Nahwu learning modules at SMA Darul Ulum 3 Jombang. This research uses the research and development method of the Plomp model. The research targets consisted of the experimental class and the control class. The experimental class is class X IPS2 SMA Darul Ulum 3 Jombang in the 2017/2018 academic year, while the control class is class X MIPA 1 SMA Darul Ulum 3 Jombang in the 2017/2018 academic year. The results of the feasibility test show that the instrument is valid for research. with very good achievement scores, namely: material experts 82.5%, and expert practitioners 83.7%. The results showed that the Nahwu learning module using a scientific approach obtained a significance value = 0.200 and 0.062 > 0.05 during the normality test between the control class and the treatment class. As for the results of the homogeneity test, the significance value = 0.752 and 0.569 > 0.05, and the t-test found that the Sig. (2-tailed) for the posttest of 0.030. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.030 < 5% then the result of t test is H0 is rejected. So, there are differences in student learning outcomes using the nahwu learning module using a scientific approach with student learning outcomes using textbooks..
Keywords: module, Nahwu learning, Scientific.
PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN NAHWU
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengembangan modul pembelajaran Nahwu berbasis saintifik di SMA Darul Ulum 3 Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan model Plomp. Sasaran penelitian terdiri atas sasaran kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Adapun kelas eksperimen adalah siswa kelas X IPS2 SMA Darul Ulum 3 Jombang Tahun Pelajaran 2017/ 2018, sedangkan kelas control adalah siswa kelas X MIPA 1 SMA Darul Ulum 3 Jombang Tahun Pelajaran 2017/ 2018. Hasil uji coba kelayakan menunjukan bahwa instrumen valid digunakan untuk penelitian dengan nilai pencapaian sangat baik yakni: ahli materi 82, 5 %, dan ahli praktisi 83,7 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa modul pembelajaran Nahwu dengan menggunakan pendekatan saintifik didapat nilai signifikansi = 0,200 dan 0,062 > 0,05 pada saat uji normalitas antara kelas kontrol dan kelas perlakuan. Sedangkan untuk hasil dari uji homogenitas didapat nilai signifikansi = 0,752 dan 0,569 > 0,05, dan pada uji-t didapatkan bahwa nilai Sig. (2-tailed) untuk pascates sebesar 0,030. Sig. (2-tailed) 0,030 < 5% maka hasil uji t adalah H0 ditolak. Jadi, terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan modul pembelajaran nahwu dengan menggunakan Pendekatan saintifik dengan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan buku teks.
Kata kunci: modul, pembelajaran Nahwu, Saintifik
Reconstruction of the Swine Pulmonary Artery Using a Graft Engineered With Syngeneic Cardiac Pericytes
Authors: Alvino Valeria Vincenza , Thomas Anita C. , Ghorbel Mohamed T. , Rapetto Filippo , Narayan Srinivas A. , Kilcooley Michael , Iacobazzi Dominga , Carrabba Michele , Fagnano Marco , Cathery William , Avolio Elisa , Caputo Massimo , Madeddu Paolo 
Published: September 2021

The neonatal heart represents an attractive source of regenerative cells. Here, we report the results of a randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded preclinical study, which assessed the safety and effectiveness of a matrix graft cellularized with cardiac pericytes (CPs) in a piglet model of pulmonary artery (PA) reconstruction. Within each of five trios formed by 4-week-old female littermate piglets, one element (the donor) was sacrificed to provide a source of CPs, while the other two elements (the graft recipients) were allowed to reach the age of 10 weeks. During this time interval, culture-expanded donor CPs were seeded onto swine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) grafts, which were then shaped into conduits and conditioned in a flow bioreactor. Control unseeded SIS conduits were subjected to the same procedure. Then, recipient piglets were randomized to surgical reconstruction of the left PA (LPA) with unseeded or CP-seeded SIS conduits. Doppler echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were performed at baseline and 4-months post-implantation. Vascular explants were examined using histology and immunohistochemistry. All animals completed the scheduled follow-up. No group difference was observed in baseline imaging data. The final Doppler assessment showed that the LPA’s blood flow velocity was similar in the treatment groups. CMRI revealed a mismatch in the average growth of the grafted LPA and contralateral branch in both treatment groups. Histology of explanted arteries demonstrated that the CP-seeded grafts had a thicker luminal cell layer, more intraparietal arterioles, and a higher expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) compared with unseeded grafts. Moreover, the LPA stump adjacent to the seeded graft contained more elastin and less collagen than the unseeded control. Syngeneic CP engineering did not accomplish the primary goal of supporting the graft’s growth but was able to improve secondary outcomes, such as the luminal cellularization and intraparietal vascularization of the graft, and elastic remodeling of the recipient artery. The beneficial properties of neonatal CPs may be considered in future bioengineering applications aiming to reproduce the cellular composition of native arteries.
Long Non-Coding RNA FGD5-AS1 Induced by Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Inhibits Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wen Yating , Luo Fangzhen , Zhao Lanhua , Su Shengmei , Lei Wenbo , Liu Yi , Shi Keliang , Li Zhongyu 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) pathogens in the world, but the exact pathogenic mechanism still needs to be further elucidated. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become vital regulators in many biological processes. Their role in the interaction between Ct and host cells has not been reported.MethodsMicroarrays were used to study the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in HeLa cells at 12, 24, and 40 h post-infection (hpi). Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were verified by RT-qPCR. Coding-non-coding (CNC) network analysis showed co-expression molecules of selected lncRNA. Western blot, flow cytometry, and indirect immunofluorescence were used to detect the effect of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 on apoptosis during Ct infection.ResultsCompared with the uninfected group, the number of differential lncRNAs were 2,130, 1,081, and 1,101 at 12, 24, and 40 hpi, and the number of differential mRNAs was 1,998, 1,129, and 1,330, respectively. Ct induced differential expression of large amounts of lncRNAs and mRNAs in HeLa cells, indicating that lncRNAs may play roles in the pathogenesis of Ct. RT-qPCR verified six differential lncRNAs and six differential mRNAs, confirming the reliability of the microarray. Among these molecules, lncRNA FGD5-AS1 was found to be upregulated at 12 and 24 hpi. Coding-non-coding (CNC) network analysis showed that co-expressed differential molecules of FGD5-AS1 at 12 and 24 hpi were enriched in the DNA replication and Wnt signaling pathway. The downregulation of FGD5-AS1 decreased the expression of β-catenin and inhibited the translocation of β-catenin and the DNA replication, while it promoted apoptosis of the host cells.ConclusionsDNA replication and apoptosis of host cells were affected by upregulating FGD5-AS1 via Wnt/β-catenin pathway during Ct infection. This study provides evidence that lncRNAs are involved in the coaction between Ct and hosts, and provides new insights into the study of lncRNAs that regulate chlamydial infection.
Automated Thrombin Generation Assay for Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, and Edoxaban Measurements
Authors: Meihandoest Tamana , Studt Jan-Dirk , Mendez Adriana , Alberio Lorenzo , Fontana Pierre , Wuillemin Walter A. , Schmidt Adrian , Graf Lukas , Gerber Bernhard , Maeder Gabriela Monika , Bovet Cédric , Sauter Thomas C. , Nagler Michael 
Published: September 2021

Background: The thrombin generation assay (TG) is a promising approach to measure the degree of anticoagulation in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). A strong association with plasma drug concentrations would be a meaningful argument for the potential use to monitor DOAC.Objectives: We aimed to study the correlation of TG with rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban drug concentrations in a large, prospective multicenter cross-sectional study.Methods: Five-hundred and fifty-nine patients were included in nine tertiary hospitals. The Technothrombin® TG was conducted in addition to an anti-Xa assay; LC-MS/MS was performed as the reference standard.Results: Correlation (rs) between thrombin generation measurements and drug concentrations was −0.72 for peak thrombin generation (95% confidence interval, CI, −0.77, −0.66), −0.55 for area under the curve (AUC; 95% CI −0.61, −0.48), and 0.80 for lag time (95% CI 0.75, 0.84). In contrast, rs was 0.96 with results of the anti-Xa activity (95% CI 0.95–0.97). Sensitivity with regard to the clinically relevant cut-off value of 50 μgL−1 was 49% in case of peak thrombin generation (95% CI, 44, 55), 29% in case of AUC (95% CI, 24, 34), and 64% in case of lag time (95% CI, 58, 69). Sensitivity of the anti-Xa assay was 95% (95% CI, 92, 97).Conclusions: The correlation of thrombin generation measurements with DOAC drug concentrations was weak, and clinically relevant drug levels were not predicted correctly. Our results do not support an application of TG in the monitoring of DOAC.
Endo-Aortic vs. Trans-Thoracic Clamping in Right Mini-Thoracotomy Mitral Valve Surgery: Outcome on Myocardial Protection
Authors: Barbero Cristina , Rinaldi Mauro , Pocar Marco , Cura Stura Erik , Calia Claudia , Sebastiano Viviana , Marchetto Giovanni , Filippini Claudia , Boffini Massimo , Ricci Davide 
Published: September 2021

Background:Perfusion strategies and aortic clamping techniques for right mini-thoracotomy mitral valve (MV) surgery have evolved over time and remarkable short- and long-term results have been reported. However, some concerns have raised about the adequacy of myocardial protection during the minimally invasive approach, particularly with the endo-aortic clamp (EAC). Aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, in terms of myocardial preservation, of the EAC with the trans-thoracic aortic clamp (TTC) in patients undergoing right mini-thoracotomy MV surgery.Methods:A single center, prospective observational study was performed on patients undergoing right mini-thoracotomy MV surgery with retrograde arterial perfusion and EAC or TTC. A propensity matched analysis was performed to compare the two groups. Primary outcome was the comparison between cardiac troponin T levels measured at different time-points after surgery.Results:Eighty EAC patients were compared with 37 TTC patients. No cases of myocardial infarction or low cardiac-output syndrome were overall reported. No differences were recorded in terms of stroke, peri-operative mortality, and in the release of myocardial markers, lactates levels and need for inotropic support at different time-points after surgery. CK-MB peak levels were significantly lower in the EAC group.Conclusion:Despite concerns arising about the EAC, this prospective study shows equivalence in terms of myocardial preservation of the EAC compared with the TTC in patients undergoing right mini-thoracotomy MV surgery.
The Use of Pointwise Encoding Time Reduction With Radial Acquisition MRA to Assess Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis Pre- and Post-stent Angioplasty: Comparison With 3D Time-of-Flight MRA and DSA
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Ran Yuncai , Zhu Ming , Lei Xiaowen , Niu Junxia , Wang Xiao , Zhang Yong , Li Shujian , Zhu Jinxia , Gao Xuemei , Mossa-Basha Mahmud , Cheng Jingliang , Zhu Chengcheng 
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose: 3D pointwise encoding time reduction magnetic resonance angiography (PETRA-MRA) is a promising non-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) technique for intracranial stenosis assessment but it has not been adequately validated against digital subtraction angiography (DSA) relative to 3D-time-of-flight (3D-TOF) MRA. The aim of this study was to compare PETRA-MRA and 3D-TOF-MRA using DSA as the reference standard for intracranial stenosis assessment before and after angioplasty and stenting in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis.Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients with MCA stenosis (age 53 ± 12 years, 43 males) underwent MRA and DSA within a week for pre-intervention evaluation and 32 of them had intracranial angioplasty and stenting performed. The MRAs' image quality, flow visualization within the stents, and susceptibility artifact were graded on a 1–4 scale (1 = poor, 4 = excellent) independently by three radiologists. The degree of stenosis was measured by two radiologists independently on DSA and MRAs.Results: There was an excellent inter-observer agreement for stenosis assessment on PETRA-MRA, 3D-TOF-MRA, and DSA (ICCs &gt; 0.90). For pre-intervention evaluation, PETRA-MRA had better image quality than 3D-TOF-MRA (3.87 ± 0.34 vs. 3.38 ± 0.65, P &lt; 0.001), and PETRA-MRA had better agreement with DSA for stenosis measurements compared to 3D-TOF-MRA (r = 0.96 vs. r = 0.85). For post-intervention evaluation, PETRA-MRA had better image quality than 3D-TOF-MRA for in-stent flow visualization and susceptibility artifacts (3.34 ± 0.60 vs. 1.50 ± 0.76, P &lt; 0.001; 3.31 ± 0.64 vs. 1.41 ± 0.61, P &lt; 0.001, respectively), and better agreement with DSA for stenosis measurements than 3D-TOF-MRA (r = 0.90 vs. r = 0.26). 3D-TOF-MRA significantly overestimated the stenosis post-stenting compared to DSA (84.9 ± 19.7 vs. 39.3 ± 13.6%, p &lt; 0.001) while PETRA-MRA didn't (40.6 ± 13.7 vs. 39.3 ± 13.6%, p = 0.18).Conclusions: PETRA-MRA is accurate and reproducible for quantifying MCA stenosis both pre- and post-stenting compared with DSA and performs better than 3D-TOF-MRA.
Review and Harmonization of the Life-Cycle Global Warming Impact of PV-Powered Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis
Authors: Kanz Olga , Bittkau Karsten , Ding Kaining , Rau Uwe , Reinders Angèle 
Published: September 2021

This work presents a review of life-cycle assessment (LCA) studies of hydrogen electrolysis using power from photovoltaic (PV) systems. The paper discusses the assumptions, strengths and weaknesses of 13 LCA studies and identifies the causes of the environmental impact. Differences in assumptions of system boundaries, system sizes, evaluation methods, and functional units make it challenging to directly compare the Global Warming Potential (GWP) resulting from different studies. To simplify this process, 13 selected LCA studies on PV-powered hydrogen production have been harmonized following a consistent framework described by this paper. The harmonized GWP values vary from 0.7 to 6.6 kg CO2-eq/kg H2 which can be considered a wide range. The maximum absolute difference between the original and harmonized GWP results of a study is 1.5 kg CO2-eq/kg H2. Yet even the highest GWP of this study is over four times lower than the GWP of grid-powered electrolysis in Germany. Due to the lack of transparency of most LCAs included in this review, full identification of the sources of discrepancies (methods applied, assumed production conditions) is not possible. Overall it can be concluded that the environmental impact of the electrolytic hydrogen production process is mainly caused by the GWP of the electricity supply. For future environmental impact studies on hydrogen production systems, it is highly recommended to 1) divide the whole system into well-defined subsystems using compression as the final stage of the LCA and 2) to provide energy inputs/GWP results for the different subsystems.
Exergy Efficiency Promotion for the System of CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol in Habitable Confined Space
Authors: Xiong Kai , Yin Yong-Li , Cao Yong , Liu Xiao-Tian 
Published: September 2021

Excess hydrogen and carbon dioxide will be produced during the operation of life support systems in the habitable confined space (HCS), and to eliminate the two excess gases by converting them into methanol is of great significance for maintenance of atmospheric balance and protection of crew’s life safety. Due to the limited energy supply ability within the HCS, it is important for the system of carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol (CDHM) to operate with high energy efficiency to reduce unnecessary external energy consumption and internal energy loss. In this paper, the exergy analysis method is adopted for exergy efficiency improvement. Specifically, a parametric study on the exergetic performance of the CDHM system is conducted based on the three key working condition parameters that have a huge impact on the reaction process and energy utilization quality, which is used to find the favorable working condition with low external energy consumption and exergy destruction per unit gas elimination and high exergy efficiency. Within the chosen three reaction parameters which are reaction pressure, temperature, and space velocity ranging from 5 to 8 MPa, from 483.15 to 543.15 K, and from 2,800 to 4000 h−1, respectively, the gas elimination of carbon dioxide and hydrogen increases by 13.3, 19.58, and 30.58%, respectively. Moreover, the input power, cold energy consumption, and exergy destruction per molar synthetic methanol all grow to some extent, leading to a 0.06% decline, a 0.46% promotion, and a 0.15% decrease, respectively, in the exergy efficiency. The results show that the high exergy efficiency can be realized with relatively low pressure, high temperature, and low space velocity in the working condition. Besides, the exergy destructions of each component in the CDHM system are also presented in this paper. The exergy destructions in the methanol synthesis reactor, heater, and heat exchanger hot end are found to be the three biggest, whose summation accounts for more than 90% of the total system exergy destruction. Thus, the exergy efficiency also can be improved by reducing the three biggest exergy destructions.
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram Based on DNA Methylation-Driven Genes for Patients With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhou Min , Hong Shasha , Li Bingshu , Liu Cheng , Hu Ming , Min Jie , Tang Jianming , Hong Li 
Published: September 2021

Background: DNA methylation affects the development, progression, and prognosis of various cancers. This study aimed to identify DNA methylated-differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and develop a methylation-driven gene model to evaluate the prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC).Methods: DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiles of OC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. We used the R package MethylMix to identify DNA methylation-regulated DEGs and built a prognostic signature using LASSO Cox regression. A quantitative nomogram was then drawn based on the risk score and clinicopathological features.Results: We identified 56 methylation-related DEGs and constructed a prognostic risk signature with four genes according to the LASSO Cox regression algorithm. A higher risk score not only predicted poor prognosis, but also was an independent poor prognostic indicator, which was validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the validation cohort. A nomogram consisting of the risk score, age, FIGO stage, and tumor status was generated to predict 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) in the training cohort. The joint survival analysis of DNA methylation and mRNA expression demonstrated that the two genes may serve as independent prognostic biomarkers for OS in OC.Conclusion: The established qualitative risk score model was found to be robust for evaluating individualized prognosis of OC and in guiding therapy.
Immunomonitoring of Human Breast Milk Cells During HCMV-Reactivation
Authors: Lazar Katrin , Kussmann Thorsten , Pawelec Graham , Pöschel Simone , Goelz Rangmar , Hamprecht Klaus , Wistuba-Hamprecht Kilian 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundBreast milk leukocytes may play a role in protecting the infant from pathogens. The dynamics and the role of lymphocytes in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-seropositive mothers shedding HCMV into breast milk during the first months postpartum (p.p.) are mostly unclear.MethodsBreast milk cells were analyzed by Pappenheim panoptic and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase staining as well as by imaging and polychromatic flow cytometry to simultaneously establish their morphological and phenotypic properties. The latter were characterized in HCMV-seropositive and seronegative mothers´ breast milk cells at different time points p.p.ResultsPanoptic staining of breast milk cells revealed the presence of monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes and lymphocytes. Imaging flow cytometry data combining phenotypic and morphological analysis identified NKT-like cells, NK cells, epithelial cells, T cells and monocytes/macrophages. HCMV-seropositive but not -seronegative mothers had significantly higher T cell frequencies in mature milk.ConclusionsThe presence of lymphocyte subsets in breast milk may be more influenced by the HCMV-seropositivity of the mother than previously recognized.
Halide Electrolyte Li3InCl6-Based All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries With Slurry-Coated LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Composite Cathode: Effect of Binders
Authors: Wang Kai , Ye Qing , Zhang Jun , Huang Hui , Gan Yongping , He Xinping , Zhang Wenkui 
Published: September 2021

All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are considered as a promising next-generation energy storage technology due to their improved safety and higher energy density. Among various SSEs, halide Li3InCl6 is emerging as a promising candidate because of its high ionic conductivity, air-stability, and wide electrochemical window. Generally, most of the ASSLBs based on inorganic SSEs are assembled by mixed dry pressing, which is not easy, to achieve uniform dispersion of powder composite cathode. Here, a slurry coating method by dispersing active materials (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2), SSEs (Li3InCl6), binders (ethyl cellulose, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene rubber, and nitrile rubber), and conductive carbon black in toluene solvent is used to fabricate cathodes. We studied the effects of different kinds of binders and their contents on the electrochemical performance of ASSLBs. The results show that polymethyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose, styrene butadiene rubber, and nitrile rubber binders are all suitable for preparing cathodes, and a binder content of 2 wt% can achieve the best electrochemical performance of the ASSLBs. This work proves that the intimate contact between the active material and the halide SSE in the electrode can be realized by using slurry coating method with suitable binders, thus achieving stable electrochemical performance.