bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pushing-Grasping Collaborative Method Based on Deep Q-Network Algorithm in Dual Viewpoints
Authors: Peng Gang , Liao Jinhu , Guan Shangbin , Yang Jin , Li Xinde 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the field of intelligent manufacturing, robot grasping and sorting is an important content. However, in the traditional 2D camera-based robotic arm grasping method, the grasping efficiency is low and the grasping accuracy is low when facing the scene of stacking and occlusion. Insufficiency and other issues, a dual perspective-based deep reinforcement learning promotion and capture method is proposed. In this case, a novel method of pushing-grasping collaborative based on the deep Q-network in dual viewpoints is proposed in this paper. This method adopts an improved deep Q-network algorithm, with an RGB-D camera to obtain the information of objects’ RGB images and point clouds from two viewpoints, and combines the pushing and grasping actions, so that the trained manipulator can make the scenes better for grasping, so that it can perform well in more complicated grasping scenes. What’s more, we improved the reward function of the deep Q-network and propose the piecewise reward function to speed up the convergence of the deep Q-network. We trained different models and tried different methods in the V-REP simulation environment, and it drew a conclusion that the method proposed in this paper converges quickly and the success rate of grasping objects in unstructured scenes raises up to 83.5\%. Besides, it shows the generalization ability and well performance when novel objects appear in the scenes that the manipulator has never grasped before.
Application of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Extracted From Wastewater Sludge for Reactive Dyes Removal
Authors: Nguyen Dong Thanh , Dinh Hoang Xuan , Nguyen Trang Thi Thu , Tran Quy Van , Nguyen Phuong Minh , Tyagi Rajeshwar Dayal , Nguyen Hoang Viet 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the adsorption of three commercial reactive dyes using extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from the waste sludge of a beer wastewater treatment plant in Hanoi, Vietnam. EPS was extracted from sludge by HCHO-NaOH method and characterized by the measurement of kaolin flocculation activity, dry weight, chemical composition and functional groups. Adsorption of dyes on EPS was conducted by Jartest at different pH, reaction time and EPS dosage. The EPS was composed of 25% of sludge weight. The FTIR analysis showed the present of amine and carboxyl group in the EPS structure. The removal efficiencies of reactive dyes were high at pH below 6, the contact time was from 30 to 60 min and EPS dosage of 200 – 250 mg/L. At optimum condition, the removal efficiency of 85%, 99% and 99% were obtained for Reactive Yellow 176 (RY 176), Reactive Blue 21 (RB 21) and Reactive Red 241 (RR 241), respectively. The adsorption process could be described by both Langmuir and Fruendlich isothermal equations. The maximum dye adsorption capacity for RY 176, RB 21 and RR 241 was 0.50 g/g, 0.72 g/g and 0.95 g/g, respectively. This study revealed that the EPS in wastewater sludge can be utilized as an effective adsorbent for dyes removal, thereby, enhancing the value of sludge in wastewater treatment.
Tislelizumab Combination With Chemotherapy Successfully Converted Unresectable Advanced Penile Cancer Into Complete Surgical Excision: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Long Xiang-Yu , Zhang Shuang , Tang Lian-sha , Li Xiang , Liu Jiyan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Locally advanced Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) with unresectable inguinal lymph nodes has a poor prognosis, and benefits from surgical treatment alone. Effective conversion therapy regimens are urgently needed.Case Presentation: We report a locally advanced PSCC patient with bulky, fixed inguinal lymph node metastasis complicated within genial skin ulcers, who completed inguinal lymph node dissection and achieved pathologically complete response via conversion therapy by immunotherapy plus chemotherapy.Conclusion: For unresectable locally advanced PSCC, neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy is a potential treatment approach. Biomarkers of immune efficacy need to be explored. At the same time, clinical trials are needed to test the notions.
Collection, Characterizaton and Conservation of Genetic Resources of Yam Cultivars From Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Faluyi Julius Olaoye , Matthew Joshua Olumide , Azeez Sekinat Okiki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study was initiated to restore the genetic resources of yam which had been decimated in a core yam-producing community in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. Twenty cultivars, consisting of Dioscorea rotundata, D. cayenensis, D. alata, and D. dumetorum were identified, collected, characterized and multiplied using an On-farm Participatory Method. The yam cultivars were characterized for quality and yield of pounded yam (iyan) as well as starch properties. They were later conserved in the Teaching and Research Farm of the Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife.Morphological characterization separated Dioscorea alata (Ewura) by its winged vines while Dioscorea dumetorum (Esuru) was separated by its pubescent spines, trifoliate leaf with acute apex and base and the clustered, irregularly-shaped tuber. All the tubers of the yam cultivars had high storability. Pounded yam quality rated the Ikumo and Ajimokun cultivars as best while Odo was rated average and this was attributed to the swelling properties and amylose content of these cultivars. Yam cultivars with high granules had low swelling capacities. The Brittle Fraction Index of the starch from all the cultivars was lower than 1.0 explaining why the iyan they produced had no crust on the surface and kept for long hours after preparation.From this study, it was concluded that the local yam cultivars collected represent the core of yam genetic resources for utilization in the region. These cultivars are therefore recommended for prioritization in further studies on propagation, conservation and improvement so that a narrow genetic base of cultivars is not encouraged, for example, by promoting cultivars whose vines perform well in tuberization.
Validation of Algorithms Using ICD-10 Clinical Modification (CM) Codes in Claims Data to Identify People With Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Sheu Ming-Jen , Chin Tsung-Wei , Ku Fang-Ping , Li Chung-Yi , Li Sen-Tung , Lu Tsung-Hsueh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The ICD-9 Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) coding system was transited into the ICD-10‐CM on October 1, 2015, in the United States and on January 1, 2016, in Taiwan. Little is known on the performance of various algorithms using ICD-10-CM codes in claims data to identify people with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods: A proportional systemic sampling of 10,000 patients aged ≥20 years in a health care system in Southern Taiwan were enrolled as study participants. According to the reference standards we confirmed 736 and 555 participants had HBV and HCV, respectively. Results: The algorithms with higher number of outpatient (OP) visits with ICD codes had higher positive predictive value (PPV); for example, the PPV for HBV using algorithm 1 (≥1 OP codes) was 72% and 86% according to ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM, respectively, and that of algorithm 3 (≥3 OP codes) was 80% and 90%, respectively. Similarly, the PPV for HCV using algorithm 1 was 88% and 96%, respectively, and using algorithm 3 was 93% and 99%, respectively. However, the algorithms with higher PPV complemented with lower sensitivity. Conclusions: In conclusion, algorithms using ICD-10-CM codes had better performance than those using ICD-9-CM codes in identifying people with HBV and HCV. Considering the tradeoff between PPV and sensitivity, the optimal algorithm is ≥2 OP visits or ≥1 inpatient visits with HBV or HCV ICD codes.
Multivariable Logistic Regression Equation to Predict Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ma Lu , Cheng Dong , Li Qinghua , Zhu Jingbo , Wang Yu , Jiang Rui , Sun Cheng , Sun Chengrui , Zhang Chao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the predictive value of white blood cell (WBC), monocyte (M), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fibrinogen (FIB), free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA) and free prostate-specific antigen/prostate-specific antigen (f/tPSA) in prostate cancer (PCa).Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of 200 cases of prostate biopsy and collection of patients' systemic inflammation indicators, biochemical indicators, PSA and fPSA. First, the dimensionality of the clinical feature parameters is reduced by the Lass0 algorithm. Then, the logistic regression prediction model was constructed using the reduced parameters. The cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity of PCa are predicted by the ROC curve analysis and calculation model. Finally, based on Logistic regression analysis, a Nomogram for predicting PCa is obtained.Results: The six clinical indicators of WBC, M, NLR, FIB, fPSA, and f/tPSA were obtained after dimensionality reduction by Lass0 algorithm to improve the accuracy of model prediction. According to the regression coefficient value of each influencing factor, a logistic regression prediction model of PCa was established: logit P=-0.018-0.010×WBC+2.759×M-0.095×NLR-0.160×FIB-0.306×fPSA-2.910×f/tPSA. The area under the ROC curve is 0.816. When the logit P intercept value is -0.784, the sensitivity and specificity are 72.5% and 77.8%, respectively.Conclusion: The establishment of a predictive model through Logistic regression analysis can provide more adequate indications for the diagnosis of PCa. When the logit P cut-off value of the model is greater than -0.784, the model will be predicted to be PCa.
Trade-off Strategy of Three Dominant Species in Grazing Exclusion of Desert Steppe,china
Authors: ma jingli , Ma Hongbin , Zhou Yao , Lu Qi , Shen Yan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background and AimsGrazing exclusion is a powerful measure to restore the ecological environment in desert steppe. Studying the changing trend of functional traits and trade-off strategy about dominant species what is of great significance to understand the effect of grazing exclusion on species succession. Methods We studied that the change of leaf and root functional traits of three dominant species (Lespedeza potaninii, Agropyron mongolicum and Stipa breviflora) under different term of grazing exclusion. ResultsWe found that the leaf area and leaf nitrogen content, leaf dry matter content, total root length, specific root length and specific root surface of Lespedeza potaninii in grazing were higher than grazing exclusion. The highest specific leaf area, specific root length of Agropyron mongolicum and Stipa breviflora were observed in short-term grazing exclusion. Leaf tissue density and root tissue density significantly decreased in short-term grazing exclusion. Economic spectrum exist, Lespedeza potaninii have more conservation strategy in short-term grazing exclusion compared with grazing. Agropyron mongolicum and Stipa breviflora have more acquisition strategy in grazing exclusion. Average diameters have great effected on above-ground biomass.ConclusionThe result showed that grazing exclusion change leaf and root functional traits of three dominant species, different species have different trade-off strategy.
CIN-Like TCP13 is Essential For Plant Growth Regulation Under Dehydration Stress
Authors: Urano Kaoru , Maruyama Kyonoshin , Koyama Tomotsugu , Gonzalez Nathalie , Inze Dirk , Yamaguchi-Shinozaki Kazuko , Shinozaki Kazuo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Plants modulate their shape and growth in response to environmental stress. However, regulatory mechanisms underlying the changes in shape and growth under environmental stress remain elusive. The CINCINNATA (CIN)-like TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) family of transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators for limiting the growth of leaves through negative effect of auxin response. Here, we report that stress-inducible CIN-like TCP13 plays a key role in inducing morphological changes in leaves and growth regulation in leaves and roots that confer dehydration stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing TCP13 ( 35Spro ::TCP13OX ) exhibited leaf rolling, and reduced leaf growth under osmotic stress. The 35Spro:: TCP13OX transgenic leaves showed decreased water loss from leaves, and enhanced dehydration tolerance compared with their control counterparts. Plants overexpressing a chimeric repressor domain SRDX-fused TCP13 ( TCP13pro ::TCP13SRDX ) showed severely serrated leaves and enhanced root growth. Transcriptome analysis of TCP13pro ::TCP13SRDX transgenic plants revealed that TCP13 affects the expression of dehydration- and abscisic acid (ABA)-regulated genes. TCP13 is also required for the expression of dehydration-inducible auxin-regulated genes, INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID5 ( IAA5 ) and LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES ( LOB) DOMAIN 1 ( LBD1 ). Furthermore, tcp13 knockout mutant plants showed ABA-insensitive root growth and reduced dehydration-inducible gene expression. Our findings provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of CIN-like TCP that is involved in both auxin and ABA response under dehydration stress.
Elevated Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 is Associated with Intracranial Atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Yuan , Liu Gang , Song Haiqing , Cao Catherine , Ji Xunming , Cao Guodong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is an inflammatory factor in atherosclerotic plaque pathogenesis and is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Whether Lp-PLA2 is associated with the stenosis subtypes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has not been investigated. Methods126 eligible AIS patients were divided into four groups 1) no cerebral artery stenosis (NCS); 2) intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS); 3) extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS); and 4) combined intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis (IECS). The associations between serum Lp-PLA2 levels and the stenosis subtypes were statistically assessed. ResultsThe ICAS group had a lower frequency of dyslipidemia as compared with the NCS group and the IECS group (35.3% vs. 70% vs. 71.8%, P=0.001), and was more likely to be symptomatic than the ECAS group (76.5% vs. 43.8%, P=0.014). The Lp-PLA2 level in the ICAS group was 112.2±66.8 μg/L, which was higher than that in the NCS, ECAS and IECS groups (81.7±38.5, 106.1±57.8, 89.3±52.2 μg/L, respectively, P=0.025). In the 3rd and 4th quartiles of Lp-PLA2 level, stenosis occurred more frequently in the ICAS group than in the other three groups (3rd Q: 50.0% vs. 3.1% vs. 28.1% vs. 18.8%, P=0.002; 4th Q: 48.4% vs. 16.1% vs. 25.8% vs. 9.7%, P=0.014). The Lp-PLA2 level was higher in patients with more or severe stenosis in the ICAS group. ConclusionsElevated Lp-PLA2 level was differentially associated with increased risk in AIS patients with ICAS as compared to those with ECAS or no stenosis. Lp-PLA2 is a promising biomarker for ICAS and may be a potential therapeutic target for ICAS.
The Role of Laundry Detergents in the Elements of Skin Pathogen
Authors: Wei Erdong , Reinholz Markus , French Lars E. , Clanner-Engelshofen Benjamin M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The Corona pandemic fuelled up skin pathogen challenges in young and adults, the antimicrobial efficacy of laundry detergents could be considered particularly. However, no available data focusing on the form of laundry detergent, additives and conditions affect the antimicrobial efficacy. This study simulated washing procedures to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of laundry detergents.Methods and Results: Mimic laundry procedures were performed to treat Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungus, colony counting and propidium iodide staining were used to assess the antimicrobial activity. Powder detergent A, NaBO3*4H2O with the tetraacetylethylenediamine, 2Na2co3.3H2O with tetraacetylethylenediamine could achieve a > 5-log10 reduction of three microbial colony generation. Anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDBS) group had the strongest fluorescence intensity in three microbial propidium iodide staining.Conclusions: Powder form laundry detergents are superior to liquid form, peroxide-based bleaches and bleach activator in solid form, the solid surfactants with matched PH and alkyl chain length showed a considerable antimicrobial effect.
Influence of Demographic Characteristics and Emotional State of NAFLD in Patients and their Caregivers on Caregiver Burden in China
Authors: Luo juan , Liu Jun , Lei Huang , Yunju Zhang , Yun Wang , Zhou Yixia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study examines the demographic characteristics of patients and caregivers hospitalized with NAFLD and the impact of patient anxiety and depression on caregiver burden. Methods ： One hundred and forty-five patients with NAFLD and their caregivers were studied. Both patients and family members were required to complete a general information questionnaire, patients were required to complete the Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Depression Questionnaire Scale (PHQ-9), and caregivers were required to complete the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, and multiple stepwise regression were used to analyze the effects of each factor on caregiver burden.Results: The results of the univariate analysis showed that patients' marital status, chronic illness, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scores, and caregivers' literacy, relationship with patients, full-time caregiving, recreational activities, daily caregiving hours, and monthly economic income were influential factors of caregiver burden (P < 0.05). The multiple stepwise regression analysis results showed that the four factors of concluding patient's PHQ-9 score, caregiver-patient relationship, daily caregiving hours, and monthly economic income significantly influenced caregiver burden (P < 0.05). Conclusion: caregiver-patient relationship, length of caregiving per day, and monthly financial income affect caregiver burden. In addition, depression in patients hospitalized with NAFLD is one of the main influencing factors of caregiver burden and should be taken seriously.
Treatment of Iatrogenic Cervical Esophageal Transection following Thyroidectomy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Hsueh Kai-Yun , Tang En-Kuei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: iatrogenic cervical esophageal transection after thyroidectomy is an extremely rare condition that requires prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention.Case presentation: we reported a rare case of iatrogenic cervical esophageal transection following thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma in a 54-year-old woman. Primary repair was not achievable because of loss of a long segment of the cervical esophagus. A modified diversion was performed by inserting a T-tube into the remnant esophagus, followed by gastrostomy and jejunostomy. The next day, mediastinal abscess was detected on chest computed tomography; therefore, thoracoscopic mediastinotomy was performed, with placement of two drains. After 6 months, thoracoscopic esophagectomy, alimentary reconstruction with gastric pull-up, and cervical esophagogastrostomy anastomosis were performed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 18, without complications.Conclusions: iatrogenic cervical esophageal transection following thyroidectomy is a rare but fatal complication. It can be successfully managed with a series of treatments, including modified diversion procedure, prompt drainage of mediastinitis, alimentary reconstruction with gastric pull-up, and cervical esophagogastrostomy anastomosis.
Beliefs and Use of Forefoot Lateral Wedging in Podiatric Practice: A Survey of Podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Jackson Aaron , Sheerin Kelly , Reid Duncan , Carroll Matthew 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

There is currently limited evidence exploring the beliefs and application of forefoot lateral wedges in clinical practice by podiatrists. The study aimed to understand rationale and beliefs that guided the use of forefoot lateral wedges amongst Aotearoa New Zealand podiatrists.
Methods

A cross-sectional study of Aotearoa New Zealand podiatrists was conducted between 31st May 2021 and 26th July 2021. Data were collected anonymously using a web-based survey platform. The 30-item survey included questions to elicit participant characteristics, why and when podiatrists used orthotic modifications, what biomechanical assumptions influenced clinical decision making, and how podiatrists fabricated and placed forefoot lateral wedging. The survey findings were reported using descriptive statistics.
Results

Sixty-five podiatrists completed the survey. Most respondents were trained in Aotearoa New Zealand (91%), had over 10 years’ experience (70%), and worked with a mixed case load (60%). Seventy-seven percent (77%) prescribed 0 to 10 pairs of foot orthoses per week, with forefoot lateral wedges used in 44% of prescriptions. Forefoot lateral wedges were likely to be used in the treatment of peroneal tendon injuries (70%) and chronic ankle instability (64%). The most common belief being that forefoot lateral wedges increase first metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion (86%). Forefoot lateral wedges were regularly manufactured from 3mm (74%), medium density ethylene vinyl acetate (91%) and positioned from the calcaneo-cuboid joint (53%) to the sulcus (77%).
Conclusion

New Zealand podiatrists frequently use forefoot lateral wedges in clinical practice. Respondents were predominately guided by the underpinning belief that forefoot lateral wedging reduces tissue stress and have their greatest functional impact on first metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion. Forefoot lateral wedges are commonly manufactured from 3mm ethylene vinyl acetate, although it is important to be aware that this will translate to differing angles, dependant on width. Further research should be undertaken to explore the influence of forefoot lateral wedges on forefoot function and the effect of wedge length.
Detecting 17 Fine-Grained Dental Anomalies from Panoramic Dental Radiography using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lee Sangyeon , Kim Donghyun , Jeong Hogul 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Panoramic dental radiography is one of the most common examinations performed in dental clinics. Compared with other dental images, it covers a wide area from individual teeth to the maxilla and mandibular area. Dental clinicians can get much information about patients’ health. However, it is time-consuming and laborious to detect all signs of anomalies because these regions are very complicated. So it is needed to filter out healthy images to save clinicians’ time to examine. For this, we applied modern artificial intelligence-based computer vision techniques. In this study, we built a model to detect 17 fine-grained dental anomalies which are critical to patients’ dental health and quality of life. We used about 23,000 anonymized panoramic dental images taken from local dental clinics from July 2020 to July 2021. Our model can detect these abnormal signs and filter out normal images with high sensitivity of about 0.99. The result indicates that our model can be used in real clinical practice to alleviate the burden of clinicians.