bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced lung cancer inflammation index and its prognostic value in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a multicentre study
Authors: Gaudioso Piergiorgio , Borsetto Daniele , Tirelli Giancarlo , Tofanelli Margherita , Cragnolini Fiordaliso , Menegaldo Anna , Fabbris Cristoforo , Molteni Gabriele , Marchioni Daniele , Nicolai Piero , Bossi Paolo , Ciorba Andrea , Pelucchi Stefano , Bianchini Chiara , Mauramati Simone , Benazzo Marco , Giacomarra Vittorio , Di Carlo Roberto , Sethi Mantegh , Polesel Jerry , Fussey Jonathan , Boscolo-Rizzo Paolo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of pre-treatment advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) in patients with HPV-negative HNSCC undergoing up-front surgical treatment.

Methods
The present multi-centre, retrospective study was performed in a consecutive cohort of patients who underwent upfront surgery with or without adjuvant (chemo)-radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patients were stratified by ALI, and survival outcomes were compared between groups. In addition, the prognostic value of ALI was compared with two other indices, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic inflammatory index (SIM).

Results
Two hundred twenty-three patients met the inclusion criteria (151 male and 72 female). Overall and progression-free survival were significantly predicted by ALI < 20.4 (HR 3.23, CI 1.51–6.90 for PFS and HR 3.41, CI 1.47–7.91 for OS). Similarly, PNI < 40.5 (HR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.31–4.51 for PFS and HR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.19–4.82 for OS) and SIM > 2.5 (HR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.23–5.10 for PFS and HR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.19–5.67 for OS) were found to be significant predictors. Among the three indices, ALI < 20.4 identified the patients with the worst 5-year outcomes. Moreover, patients with a combination of low PNI and low ALI resulted to be a better predictor of progression (HR = 5.26, 95% CI: 2.01–13.73) and death (HR = 5.68, 95% CI: 1.92–16.79) than low ALI and low PNI considered alone.

Conclusions
Our results support the use of pre-treatment ALI, an easily measurable inflammatory/nutritional index, in daily clinical practice to improve prognostic stratification in surgically treated HPV-negative HNSCC.
The black box of regional growth
Authors: Grillitsch Markus , Martynovich Mikhail , Fitjar Rune Dahl , Haus-Reve Silje 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRegional growth models leave a large share of variation unexplained. While we should continuously aim to improve these models, the unique combination of conditions and human agency in each region will also invariably lead to region-specific growth trajectories. Theoretically, we should thus expect systematic deviations from growth predictions. We propose an approach to explore these unexplained deviations and to detect regions that perform unexpectedly well or badly in certain periods. We illustrate the approach using data for Sweden from 1990 to 2016. We find systematic patterns of unexplained periodic regional growth deviations outweighing the effect of generic structural factors.
Omental metastasis as a predictive risk factor for unfavorable prognosis in patients with stage III–IV epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Iwagoi Yutaka , Motohara Takeshi , Hwang Sangyoon , Fujimoto Koichi , Ikeda Tokunori , Katabuchi Hidetaka 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Epithelial ovarian cancer has a clear predilection for the omentum as the site of metastasis; however, its contribution to clinical outcomes remains unresolved. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance and efficacy of chemotherapy in the presence of omental metastasis.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed in 56 patients with stage III–IV ovarian cancer who underwent primary debulking surgery between 2004 and 2018 at Kumamoto University Hospital.

Results
Thirty-six (64.3%) patients were categorized into the omental metastasis-positive group, whereas 20 (35.7%) patients were in the omental metastasis-negative group. The 5-year overall survival rates were 43.4% in the omental metastasis-positive group and 93.8% in the omental metastasis-negative group. Statistically significant differences were observed in overall survival (p = 0.002) and progression-free survival (p = 0.036) between the omental metastasis-positive and metastasis-negative groups. Notably, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the existence of omental metastasis is an independent risk factor for overall survival in patients with stage III–IV ovarian cancer (hazard ratio 8.90, 95% confidence interval 1.16–69.77; p = 0.038). Furthermore, the omental metastasis-positive group had significantly lower overall response rates to chemotherapy for recurrent disease, compared to the omental metastasis-negative group (31.6% vs. 85.7%, p = 0.026).

Conclusion
Our present data demonstrated that omental metastasis is closely associated with an unfavorable prognosis due to increased chemoresistance in patients with stage III–IV ovarian cancer. Elucidating the biological mechanism of omental metastasis will shed light on novel therapeutic approaches for the management of advanced ovarian cancer patients.
Kallosotomien bei Sturzanfällen und epileptischen Spasmen
Authors: Klotz Kerstin Alexandra , Scheiwe Christian , Reinacher Peter , Antonio-Arce Victoria San , Schulze-Bonhage Andreas , Demerath Theo , Shah Mukesch 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Kallosotomie ist eine palliative Operation, die seit fast 80 Jahren bei Patienten mit therapierefraktären, bilateralen Anfällen eingesetzt wird, wenn ein resektives Verfahren nicht möglich ist. Neuere, minimal-invasive Techniken wie die MRT-gesteuerte laserinduzierte Thermokoagulation sind vermutlich vergleichbar bezüglich Outcome und Komplikationsraten, die Datenlage ist aber insgesamt noch spärlich. In vielen Fallserien war die Kallosotomie v. a. in der Reduktion von Sturzanfällen effektiv, in geringerem Ausmaß auch für epileptische Spasmen. Eine vollständige Anfallsfreiheit wird nur sehr selten erreicht. Chirurgische Komplikationen wie Blutungen oder Infektionen treten in etwa 5 % auf. Die wichtigste, jedoch sehr seltene Nebenwirkung der Kallosotomie ist ein Diskonnektionssyndrom mit Apraxie, taktiler und visueller Anomie, Neglect oder SMA(supplementär-motorisches Areal)-Syndrom. Besonders bei Kindern ist das Diskonnektionssyndrom in aller Regel transient. Ob eine anteriore oder eine komplette Kallosotomie durchgeführt wird, variiert von Zentrum zu Zentrum. Komplette Kallosotomien sind hinsichtlich der Anfallsreduktion effizienter, gehen aber mit einem höheren Risiko für Komplikationen und Nebenwirkungen einher. Eine Option ist eine zweistufige Kallosotomie, bei der zunächst eine anteriore Diskonnektion durchgeführt wird und in den Fällen ohne hinreichenden postoperativen Nutzen in einem zweiten Schritt vervollständigt wird.
Coexistence of rice production and threatened plant species: testing Marsilea quadrifolia L. in N-Italy
Authors: Corli Anna , Orsenigo Simone , Gerdol Renato , Bocchi Stefano , Smolders Alfons P. , Brancaleoni Lisa , Caffi Maria Teresa , Abeli Thomas , Rossi Graziano 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the past, the aquatic pteridophyte Marsilea quadrifolia L. was considered as a weed in paddy fields of southern Europe. The systematic use of herbicides as a crucial component of intensive agronomic approach has led to a dramatic decline in M. quadrifolia populations in European countries, mostly in the Mediterranean area. However, the introduction in recent years of sustainable rice cultivation practices has allowed partial recovery. We present here the results of a research aimed at analyzing the effects of farming typologies in respect to M. quadrifolia growth in the Po Valley area. After having transplanted M. quadrifolia swards in rice fields belonging to different farming systems, we monitored its growth and diffusion. Our results showed that M. quadrifolia has higher vegetative performance in organic farms, even though it can survive in conventional fields with reduced herbicide supply. Differences in water chemistry have limited effects on M. quadrifolia performance, because of its wide ecological amplitude. The shady conditions provided by rice canopy create micro-habitats suitable for M. quadrifolia growth. Cultivating M. quadrifolia in organic rice farms represents an important opportunity for preserving this endangered species in areas of intensive agriculture. This can, meanwhile, represent a valid opportunity to combine nature conservation and productivity offering a new possible income for farmers.
Reproducibility in speech rate convergence experiments
Authors: Fuscone Simone , Favre Benoit , Prévot Laurent 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe reproducibility of scientific studies grounded on language corpora requires approaching each step carefully, from data selection and pre-processing to significance testing. In this paper, we report on our reproduction of a recent study based on a well-known conversational corpus (Switchboard). The reproduced study Cohen Priva et al. (J Acoust Soc Am 141(5):2989–2996, 2017) focuses on speech rate convergence between speakers in conversation. While our reproduction confirms the main result of the original study, it also shows interesting variations in the details. In addition, we tested the original study for the robustness of its data selection and pre-processing, as well as the underlying model of speech rate, the variable observed. Our analysis shows that another approach is needed to take into account the complex aspects of speech rate in conversations. Another benefit of reproducing previous studies is to take analysis a step further, testing and strengthening the results of other research teams and increasing the validity and visibility of interesting studies and results. In this line, we also created a notebook of pre-processing and analysis scripts which is available online.
Determinants of judges’ career choices and productivity: a Polish case study
Authors: Banasik Przemysław , Metelska-Szaniawska Katarzyna , Godlewska Małgorzata , Morawska Sylwia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to identify factors which affect judges’ productivity and career choice motives with the view of increasing judicial efficiency. Specifically, the investigation focuses on such aspects as judges’ remuneration, promotion, threat of judgment revocation, service/mission, periodic assessment, the threat of a complaint about protracted proceedings or of disciplinary proceedings, the threat of destabilization of the employment relationship, status/prestige of the profession, power/authority, social recognition, leisure, as well as administrative supervision and self-monitoring. To this end, a survey was conducted among judges of three of the largest Polish regional courts and subordinate district courts. The descriptive and statistical analyses show that judges’ care for the number of cases resolved, proxying for their productivity, is significantly correlated with self-monitoring of their adjudication activity. The stability of employment, the status/prestige of the profession and a relatively high remuneration are the most important factors in terms of judges’ career choices. In their care for the number of cases resolved remuneration is, albeit, no longer a relevant factor. Judges monitor their productivity due to reasons other than remuneration, possibly the sense of service/mission and the threat of various adverse consequences, the evidence for which is, however, also rather weak.
Standard electronic health record (EHR) framework for Indian healthcare system
Authors: Pai Manohara M. M. , Ganiga Raghavendra , Pai Radhika M. , Sinha Rajesh Kumar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDigitization of health records in public health facility and its instant availability in the form of electronic records anywhere any time health service is yet to be implemented in developing nations like India and other countries. In India, patient care is mainly delivered through 3 levels namely Primary/Community Healthcare Centre (PHC/CHC), Secondary healthcare centre (District Hospital), and Tertiary Healthcare Centre (National level). The healthcare facilities face many challenges in collecting, processing, and storing these data and managing it without compromising security and privacy. Presently, some of the secondary and tertiary care facilities have started implementing healthcare IT application in terms of Hospital Information System, Hospital Management Information System, Electronic Medical Records (EMR) etc. to manage the patient data in electronic format. However, these systems are developed by different vendors by using different programming languages and databases. This approach makes the system unique but the patient details remains in the same hospital and cannot be shared with other hospitals when patient moves from one hospital to other for advanced or specialized treatment. This is because the data is not interoperable and semantic. In the proposed work, a standard secure Electronic Health Record(EHR) framework is developed using standard medical terminology and coding standards. Implementation of EHR framework for Indian health system will improve the work-flow of health services to the population. EHR at all levels of healthcare system enable efficient and continuous care to the patient.
Complication rates following ventricular tachycardia ablation in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies: a systematic review
Authors: Ding Wern Yew , Pearman Charles M. , Bonnett Laura , Adlan Ahmed , Chin Shui Hao , Denham Nathan , Modi Simon , Todd Derick , Hall Mark C. S. , Mahida Saagar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is associated with potential major complications, including mortality. The risk of acute complications in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) has not been systematically evaluated.

Methods
PubMed was searched for studies of catheter ablation of VT published between September 2009 and September 2019. Pre-specified primary outcomes were (1) rate of major acute complications, including death, and (2) mortality rate.

Results
A total of 7395 references were evaluated for relevance. From this, 50 studies with a total of 3833 patients undergoing 4319 VT ablation procedures fulfilled the inclusion criteria (mean age 59 years; male 82%; 2363 [62%] ICM; 1470 [38%] NICM). The overall major complication rate in ICM cohorts was 9.4% (95% CI, 8.1–10.7) and NICM cohorts was 7.1% (95% CI, 6.0–8.3). Reported complication rates were highly variable between studies (ICM I2 = 90%; NICM I2 = 89%). Vascular complications (ICM 2.5% [95% CI, 1.9–3.1]; NICM 1.2% [95% CI, 0.7–1.7]) and cerebrovascular events (ICM 0.5% [95% CI, 0.2–0.7]; NICM, 0.1% [95% CI, 0–0.2]) were significantly higher in ICM cohorts. Acute mortality rates in the ICM and NICM cohorts were low (ICM 0.9% [95% CI, 0.5–1.3]; NICM 0.6% [95% CI, 0.3–1.0]) with the majority of overall deaths (ICM 75%; NICM 80%) due to either recurrent VT or cardiogenic shock.

Conclusion
Overall acute complication rates of VT ablation are comparable between ICM and NICM patients. However, the pattern and predictors of complications vary depending on the underlying cardiomyopathy.
In situ nanoindentation during electrochemical hydrogen charging: a comparison between front-side and a novel back-side charging approach
Authors: Duarte M. J. , Fang X. , Rao J. , Krieger W. , Brinckmann S. , Dehm G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe effects of hydrogen in metals are a pressing issue causing severe economic losses due to material deterioration by hydrogen embrittlement. A crucial understanding of the interactions of hydrogen with different microstructure features can be reached by nanoindentation due to the small volumes probed. Even more, in situ testing while charging the sample with hydrogen prevents the formation of concentration gradients due to hydrogen desorption. Two custom electrochemical cells for in situ testing were built in-house to charge the sample with hydrogen during nanoindentation: “front-side” charging with the sample and the indenter tip immersed into the electrolyte, and “back-side” charging where the analyzed region is never in contact with the solution. During front-side charging, surface degradation often occurs which also negatively influences analyses after hydrogen charging. The back-side charging approach proposed in this work is a promising technique for studying in situ the effects of hydrogen in alloys under mechanical loads, while completely excluding the influence of the electrolyte on the nanoindented surface. Hydrogen diffusion from the charged back-side toward the testing surface is here demonstrated by Kelvin probe measurements in ferritic FeCr alloys, used as a case study due to the high mobility of hydrogen in the bcc lattice. During nanoindentation, a reduction on the shear stress necessary for dislocations nucleation due to hydrogen was observed using both setups; however, the quantitative data differs and a contradictory behavior was found in hardness measurements. Finally, some guidelines for the use of both approaches and a summary of their advantages and disadvantages are presented.
Graphical abstract
Development of epimedin A complex drugs for treating the osteoporosis
Authors: Liu Ying , Bi Yanan , Chai Lijuan , Song Lei , Huang Juyang , Wang Qin , Li Yunzhang , Zhou Kun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis is the most common disease involving bone degeneration. As the age of the population increases, the prevalence of the disease is expected to rise. However, current treatment methods do not provide a desirable solution for the restoration of the function of degenerated bones in patients with osteoporosis. This led to emergence of controlled delivery systems to increase drug bioavailability and efficacy specifically at the bone regeneration. In this study, an epimedin A (EA) complex drug system was prepared by solution blending method. In vitro cell-based experiments showed that the EA complex drug could significantly promote the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts and increase the alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium nodule formation, and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that this novel drugs remarkably enhanced bone regeneration. These results suggest that EA may be used for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Urbanization impacts on flood risks based on urban growth data and coupled flood models
Authors: Feng Boyu , Zhang Ying , Bourke Robin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUrbanization increases regional impervious surface area, which generally reduces hydrologic response time and therefore increases flood risk. The objective of this work is to investigate the sensitivities of urban flooding to urban land growth through simulation of flood flows under different urbanization conditions and during different flooding stages. A sub-watershed in Toronto, Canada, with urban land conversion was selected as a test site for this study. In order to investigate the effects of urbanization on changes in urban flood risk, land use maps from six different years (1966, 1971, 1976, 1981, 1986, and 2000) and of six simulated land use scenarios (0%, 20%, 40%, 60, 80%, and 100% impervious surface area percentages) were input into coupled hydrologic and hydraulic models. The results show that urbanization creates higher surface runoff and river discharge rates and shortened times to achieve the peak runoff and discharge. Areas influenced by flash flood and floodplain increases due to urbanization are related not only to overall impervious surface area percentage but also to the spatial distribution of impervious surface coverage. With similar average impervious surface area percentage, land use with spatial variation may aggravate flash flood conditions more intensely compared to spatially uniform land use distribution.
Projected explicit and implicit Taylor series methods for DAEs
Authors: Estévez Schwarz Diana , Lamour René 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe recently developed new algorithm for computing consistent initial values and Taylor coefficients for DAEs using projector-based constrained optimization opens new possibilities to apply Taylor series integration methods. In this paper, we show how corresponding projected explicit and implicit Taylor series methods can be adapted to DAEs of arbitrary index. Owing to our formulation as a projected optimization problem constrained by the derivative array, no explicit description of the inherent dynamics is necessary, and various Taylor integration schemes can be defined in a general framework. In particular, we address higher-order Padé methods that stand out due to their stability. We further discuss several aspects of our prototype implemented in Python using Automatic Differentiation. The methods have been successfully tested on examples arising from multibody systems simulation and a higher-index DAE benchmark arising from servo-constraint problems.
Agency in historical institutionalism: Coalitional work in the creation, maintenance, and change of institutions
Authors: Emmenegger Patrick 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInstitutionalism gives priority to structure over agency. Yet institutions have never developed and operated without the intervention of interested groups. This paper develops a conceptual framework for the role of agency in historical institutionalism. Based on recent contributions following the coalitional turn and drawing on insights from sociological institutionalism, it argues that agency plays a key role in the creation and maintenance of social coalitions that stabilize but also challenge institutions. Without such agency, no coalition can be created, maintained, or changed. Similarly, without a supporting coalition, no contested institution can survive. Yet, due to collective action problems, such coalitional work is challenging. This coalitional perspective offers a robust role for agency in historical institutionalism, but it also explains why institutions remain stable despite agency. In addition, this paper forwards several portable propositions that allow for the identification of who is likely to develop agency and what these actors do.
Same same, but different: capital structures in single family offices compared with private equity firms
Authors: Schickinger Antonia , Bertschi-Michel Alexandra , Leitterstorf Max P. , Kammerlander Nadine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDespite the increasing interest in single family offices (SFOs) as an investment owned by an entrepreneurial family, research on SFOs is still in its infancy. In particular, little is known about the capital structures of SFOs or the roots of SFO heterogeneity regarding financial decisions. By drawing on a hand-collected sample of 104 SFOs and private equity (PE) firms, we compare the financing choices of these two investor types in the context of direct entrepreneurial investments (DEIs). Our data thereby provide empirical evidence that SFOs are less likely to raise debt than PE firms, suggesting that SFOs follow pecking-order theory. Regarding the heterogeneity of the financial decisions of SFOs, our data indicate that the relationship between SFOs and debt financing is reinforced by the idiosyncrasies of entrepreneurial families, such as higher levels of owner management and a higher firm age. Surprisingly, our data do not support a moderating effect for the emphasis placed on socioemotional wealth (SEW).