bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A SPRY1 domain cardiac ryanodine receptor variant associated with short-coupled torsade de pointes
Authors: Touat-Hamici Zahia , Blancard Malorie , Ma Ruifang , Lin Lianyun , Iddir Yasmine , Denjoy Isabelle , Leenhardt Antoine , Yuchi Zhiguang , Guicheney Pascale 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIdiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) causes sudden death in young adult patients without structural or ischemic heart disease. Most IVF cases are sporadic and some patients present with short-coupled torsade de pointes, the genetics of which are poorly understood. A man who had a first syncope at the age of 35 presented with frequent short-coupled premature ventricular beats with bursts of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and then died suddenly. By exome sequencing, we identified three rare variants: p.I784F in the SPRY1 of the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), p.A96S in connexin 40 (Cx40), reported to affect electrical coupling and cardiac conduction, and a nonsense p.R244X in the cardiac-specific troponin I-interacting kinase (TNNI3K). We assessed intracellular Ca2+ handling in WT and mutant human RYR2 transfected HEK293 cells by fluorescent microscopy and an enhanced store overload-induced Ca2+ release in response to cytosolic Ca2+ was observed in RyR2-I784F cells. In addition, crystal structures and thermal melting temperatures revealed a conformational change in the I784F-SPRY1 domain compared to the WT-domain. The novel RyR2-I784F variant in SPRY1 domain causes a leaky channel under non-stress conditions. The presence of several variants affecting Ca2+ handling and cardiac conduction suggests a possible oligogenic origin for the ectopies originating from Purkinje fibres.
Lower spinal postural variability during laptop-work in subjects with cervicogenic headache compared to healthy controls
Authors: Mingels Sarah , Dankaerts Wim , van Etten Ludo , Bruckers Liesbeth , Granitzer Marita 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSpinal postural variability (SPV) is a prerequisite to prevent musculoskeletal complaints during functional tasks. Our objective was to evaluate SPV in cervicogenic headache (CeH) since CeH is characterized by such complaints. A non-randomized repeated-measure design was applied to compare SPV between 18 participants with reporting CeH aged 29–51 years, and 18 matched controls aged 26–52 years during a 30-min-laptop-task. Habitual spinal postures (degrees) of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine were analysed using 3D-Vicon motion analysis. SPV, to express variation in mean habitual spinal posture, was deducted from the postural analysis. Mean SPV of each spinal segment was lower in the CeH-group compared to the control-group. Within the CeH-group, SPV of all except one spinal segment (lower-lumbar) was higher compared to the group’s mean SPV. Within the control-group, SPV was more comparable to the group’s mean SPV. SPV differed between groups. Averaging data resulted in decreased SPV in the CeH-group compared to the control-group during the laptop-task. However, the higher within-group-SPV in the CeH-group compared to the group’s mean SPV accentuated more postural heterogeneity. It should be further determined if addressing individual SPV is a relevant intervention.
Alloying effect on the order–disorder transformation in tetragonal FeNi
Authors: Tian Li-Yun , Gutfleisch Oliver , Eriksson Olle , Vitos Levente 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTetragonal ($${\hbox{L1}}_{0}$$

L1
0

) FeNi is a promising material for high-performance rare-earth-free permanent magnets. Pure tetragonal FeNi is very difficult to synthesize due to its low chemical order–disorder transition temperature ($$\approx {593}$$

≈
593

K), and thus one must consider alternative non-equilibrium processing routes and alloy design strategies that make the formation of tetragonal FeNi feasible. In this paper, we investigate by density functional theory as implemented in the exact muffin-tin orbitals method whether alloying FeNi with a suitable element can have a positive impact on the phase formation and ordering properties while largely maintaining its attractive intrinsic magnetic properties. We find that small amount of non-magnetic (Al and Ti) or magnetic (Cr and Co) elements increase the order–disorder transition temperature. Adding Mo to the Co-doped system further enhances the ordering temperature while the Curie temperature is decreased only by a few degrees. Our results show that alloying is a viable route to stabilizing the ordered tetragonal phase of FeNi.
N-Glycosylation can selectively block or foster different receptor–ligand binding modes
Authors: Vuorio Joni , Škerlová Jana , Fábry Milan , Veverka Václav , Vattulainen Ilpo , Řezáčová Pavlína , Martinez-Seara Hector 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhile DNA encodes protein structure, glycans provide a complementary layer of information to protein function. As a prime example of the significance of glycans, the ability of the cell surface receptor CD44 to bind its ligand, hyaluronan, is modulated by N-glycosylation. However, the details of this modulation remain unclear. Based on atomistic simulations and NMR, we provide evidence that CD44 has multiple distinct binding sites for hyaluronan, and that N-glycosylation modulates their respective roles. We find that non-glycosylated CD44 favors the canonical sub-micromolar binding site, while glycosylated CD44 binds hyaluronan with an entirely different micromolar binding site. Our findings show (for the first time) how glycosylation can alter receptor affinity by shielding specific regions of the host protein, thereby promoting weaker binding modes. The mechanism revealed in this work emphasizes the importance of glycosylation in protein function and poses a challenge for protein structure determination where glycosylation is usually neglected.
Potential neutralizing antibodies discovered for novel corona virus using machine learning
Authors: Magar Rishikesh , Yadav Prakarsh , Barati Farimani Amir 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe fast and untraceable virus mutations take lives of thousands of people before the immune system can produce the inhibitory antibody. The recent outbreak of COVID-19 infected and killed thousands of people in the world. Rapid methods in finding peptides or antibody sequences that can inhibit the viral epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 will save the life of thousands. To predict neutralizing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 in a high-throughput manner, in this paper, we use different machine learning (ML) model to predict the possible inhibitory synthetic antibodies for SARS-CoV-2. We collected 1933 virus-antibody sequences and their clinical patient neutralization response and trained an ML model to predict the antibody response. Using graph featurization with variety of ML methods, like XGBoost, Random Forest, Multilayered Perceptron, Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression, we screened thousands of hypothetical antibody sequences and found nine stable antibodies that potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2. We combined bioinformatics, structural biology, and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to verify the stability of the candidate antibodies that can inhibit SARS-CoV-2.
Comprehensive comparative morphology and developmental staging of final instar larvae toward metamorphosis in the insect order Odonata
Authors: Okude Genta , Fukatsu Takema , Futahashi Ryo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) is among the most ancestral groups of winged insects with drastic morphological changes upon metamorphosis, and thus important for understanding evo-devo aspects of insects. However, basic developmental descriptions of Odonata have been scarce. In an attempt to establish the foundation of developmental and experimental biology of Odonata, we present an unprecedentedly comprehensive survey of dragonflies and damselflies, in total 158 larvae representing 49 species and 14 families, wherein morphological changes of all the final and/or penultimate instar larvae were photographed and monitored everyday. Although their morphology and development were diverse, we consistently identified two visually recognizable morphogenetic events in the final larval instar, namely start of wing expansion and onset of melanization on the wing sheaths, thereby categorizing the final instar into three stages. While the duration of the first stage ranged 4–66 days across diverse Odonata species, the second or third stages exhibited relatively small variation ranging 3–22 days or 1–8 days, respectively, probably reflecting the steady and irreversible metamorphosis process after stage 2. We also described other characteristic morphological changes during the larval development, although they were observed only in some Odonata species and lineages.
Effect of Auger recombination on transient optical properties in XUV and soft X-ray irradiated silicon nitride
Authors: Tkachenko Victor , Lipp Vladimir , Büscher Martin , Capotondi Flavio , Höppner Hauke , Medvedev Nikita , Pedersoli Emanuele , Prandolini Mark J. , Rossi Giulio M. , Tavella Franz , Toleikis Sven , Windeler Matthew , Ziaja Beata , Teubner Ulrich 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSpatially encoded measurements of transient optical transmissivity became a standard tool for temporal diagnostics of free-electron-laser (FEL) pulses, as well as for the arrival time measurements in X-ray pump and optical probe experiments. The modern experimental techniques can measure changes in optical coefficients with a temporal resolution better than 10 fs. This, in an ideal case, would imply a similar resolution for the temporal pulse properties and the arrival time jitter between the FEL and optical laser pulses. However, carrier transport within the material and out of its surface, as well as carrier recombination may, in addition, significantly decrease the number of carriers. This would strongly affect the transient optical properties, making the diagnostic measurement inaccurate. Below we analyze in detail the effects of those processes on the optical properties of XUV and soft X-ray irradiated Si$${_3}$$

3

N$$_4$$

4

, on sub-picosecond timescales. Si$${_3}$$

3

N$$_4$$

4

is a wide-gap insulating material widely used for FEL pulse diagnostics. Theoretical predictions are compared with the published results of two experiments at FERMI and LCLS facilities, and with our own recent measurement. The comparison indicates that three body Auger recombination strongly affects the optical response of Si$${_3}$$

3

N$$_4$$

4

after its collisional ionization stops. By deconvolving the contribution of Auger recombination, in future applications one could regain a high temporal resolution for the reconstruction of the FEL pulse properties measured with a Si$${_3}$$

3

N$$_4$$

4

-based diagnostics tool.
Semi-automated tracking of pain in critical care patients using artificial intelligence: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kobayashi Naoya , Shiga Takuya , Ikumi Saori , Watanabe Kazuki , Murakami Hitoshi , Yamauchi Masanori 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMonitoring the pain intensity in critically ill patients is crucial because intense pain can cause adverse events, including poor survival rates; however, continuous pain evaluation is difficult. Vital signs have traditionally been considered ineffective in pain assessment; nevertheless, the use of machine learning may automate pain assessment using vital signs. This retrospective observational study was performed at a university hospital in Sendai, Japan. Objective pain assessments were performed in eligible patients using the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT). Three machine-learning methods—random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression (LR)—were employed to predict pain using parameters, such as vital signs, age group, and sedation levels. Prediction accuracy was calculated as the harmonic mean of sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Furthermore, 117,190 CPOT assessments were performed in 11,507 eligible patients (median age: 65 years; 58.0% males). We found that pain prediction was possible with all three machine-learning methods. RF demonstrated the highest AUROC for the test data (RF: 0.853, SVM: 0.823, and LR: 0.787). With this method, pain can be objectively, continuously, and semi-automatically evaluated in critically ill patients.
Characteristics of the spinopelvic parameters of patients with sacroiliac joint pain
Authors: Tonosu Juichi , Oka Hiroyuki , Watanabe Kenichi , Abe Hiroaki , Higashikawa Akiro , Kawai Takuya , Yamada Koji , Nakarai Hiroyuki , Tanaka Sakae , Matsudaira Ko 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the characteristics of the spinopelvic parameters on radiography in patients with sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP). Two hundred fifty patients were included and divided into the SIJP group (those diagnosed with SIJP based on physical findings and response to analgesic periarticular injections; n = 53) and the non-SIJP group (those with low back pain [LBP] because of other reasons; n = 197). We compared their demographic characteristics and spinopelvic parameters using radiography. All differences found in the patients’ demographic characteristics and spinopelvic parameters were analyzed. More female participants experienced SIJP than male participants (P = 0.0179). Univariate analyses revealed significant differences in pelvic incidence (PI) (P = 0.0122), sacral slope (SS) (P = 0.0034), and lumbar lordosis (LL) (P = 0.0078) between the groups. The detection powers for PI, SS, and LL were 0.71, 0.84, and 0.66, respectively. Logistic regression analyses, after adjustment for age and sex, revealed significant differences in PI (P = 0.0308) and SS (P = 0.0153) between the groups, with odds ratios of 1.03 and 1.05, respectively. More female participants experienced SIJP than male participants. Higher PI and SS values were related to SIJP among LBP patients.
X-ray microscopy reveals the outstanding craftsmanship of Siberian Iron Age textile dyers
Authors: Späth Andreas , Meyer Markus , Huthwelker Thomas , Borca Camelia N. , Meßlinger Karl , Bieber Manfred , Barkova Ludmilla L. , Fink Rainer H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe excellent craftsmanship of ancient Oriental and Central Asian textile dyers is already demonstrated in the remarkable brilliance and fastness of the colours of the so-called Pazyryk carpet, the by far oldest pile carpet found to date. This specimen resembles the advanced craftsmanship of Iron Age Central Asian textile production. We have employed synchrotron-based µ-XRF imaging to detect the distribution of metal organic pigments within individual fibres of the Pazyryk carpet (about 2500 years old) and compare the results to wool fibres, which we prepared according to traditional Anatolian dyeing recipes. We observe congruent pigment distribution within specimens from the Pazyryk carpet and natural wool fibres that we have fermented prior to dyeing. Therefore, we conclude that the superior fermentation technique has been utilized about 2000 years earlier than known so far.
Joint speed feedback improves myoelectric prosthesis adaptation after perturbed reaches in non amputees
Authors: Earley Eric J. , Johnson Reva E. , Sensinger Jonathon W. , Hargrove Levi J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAccurate control of human limbs involves both feedforward and feedback signals. For prosthetic arms, feedforward control is commonly accomplished by recording myoelectric signals from the residual limb to predict the user’s intent, but augmented feedback signals are not explicitly provided in commercial devices. Previous studies have demonstrated inconsistent results when artificial feedback was provided in the presence of vision; some studies showed benefits, while others did not. We hypothesized that negligible benefits in past studies may have been due to artificial feedback with low precision compared to vision, which results in heavy reliance on vision during reaching tasks. Furthermore, we anticipated more reliable benefits from artificial feedback when providing information that vision estimates with high uncertainty (e.g. joint speed). In this study, we test an artificial sensory feedback system providing joint speed information and how it impacts performance and adaptation during a hybrid positional-and-myoelectric ballistic reaching task. We found that overall reaching errors were reduced after perturbed control, but did not significantly improve steady-state reaches. Furthermore, we found that feedback about the joint speed of the myoelectric prosthesis control improved the adaptation rate of biological limb movements, which may have resulted from high prosthesis control noise and strategic overreaching with the positional control and underreaching with the myoelectric control. These results provide insights into the relevant factors influencing the improvements conferred by artificial sensory feedback.
Entropy-driven binding of gut bacterial β-glucuronidase inhibitors ameliorates irinotecan-induced toxicity
Authors: Lin Hsien-Ya , Chen Chia-Yu , Lin Ting-Chien , Yeh Lun-Fu , Hsieh Wei-Che , Gao Shijay , Burnouf Pierre-Alain , Chen Bing-Mae , Hsieh Tung-Ju , Dashnyam Punsaldulam , Kuo Yen-Hsi , Tu Zhijay , Roffler Steve R. , Lin Chun-Hung 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIrinotecan inhibits cell proliferation and thus is used for the primary treatment of colorectal cancer. Metabolism of irinotecan involves incorporation of β-glucuronic acid to facilitate excretion. During transit of the glucuronidated product through the gastrointestinal tract, an induced upregulation of gut microbial β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity may cause severe diarrhea and thus force many patients to stop treatment. We herein report the development of uronic isofagomine (UIFG) derivatives that act as general, potent inhibitors of bacterial GUSs, especially those of Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens. The best inhibitor, C6-nonyl UIFG, is 23,300-fold more selective for E. coli GUS than for human GUS (Ki = 0.0045 and 105 μM, respectively). Structural evidence indicated that the loss of coordinated water molecules, with the consequent increase in entropy, contributes to the high affinity and selectivity for bacterial GUSs. The inhibitors also effectively reduced irinotecan-induced diarrhea in mice without damaging intestinal epithelial cells.
Active teachers’ perceptions on the most suitable resources for teaching history
Authors: Guerrero-Romera Catalina , Sánchez-Ibáñez Raquel , Escribano-Miralles Ainoa , Vivas-Moreno Verónica 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe objective of this article is to analyze teachers’ assessment of various resources used to teach history. The research methodology is of a quantitative nature with a non-experimental design using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The non-probabilistic sample comprises 332 history teachers in Primary and Secondary Education in Spain. The analyses carried out are descriptive and inferential. The results indicate that the surveyed teachers value better the resources that imply a greater involvement of the students in the teaching of history and therefore more active methodologies. Specifically, the most valued resources were heritage, artistic productions and museums and, the least valued, video games, textbooks, and applications of historical content for mobile devices and tablets. The study concludes that heritage is a growing educational resource among teachers and shows that teachers are moving away from their perception of resources, which involve a more traditional methodology of teaching history.
Conditional exponence
Authors: Stump Gregory T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In inferential-realizational theories of
morphology, the content realized by the application of a rule of
exponence is customarily assumed to be invariant across the range of
contexts in which that rule applies. Yet, there are morphomic
exponents whose content is sensitive to context; Breton verb
inflection presents striking examples of exponents of this sort. I
argue that the patterns of context dependency presented by such
exponents are an effect of the phenomenon of rule combination, by
which simple rules of morphology may combine to form more complex
rules. Some rule combinations involve ordinary rule composition; the
properties of a combination of this sort are deducible from those of
its component rules. Other rule combinations are supplementational;
a combination of this sort possesses one or more properties that are
not deducible from those of its component rules. As I show, the
Breton examples of conditional exponence involve supplementational
rule combination. I elucidate this claim formally and discuss its
wider implications for morphological theory.
My favorite morphome
Authors: Hoberman Robert D. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Arabic has a suffix, glossed here as AT, that is
a clear and simple example of a morphome. It most frequently and
productively marks feminine gender in singular nouns and adjectives,
but in fact it has diverse morphological, syntactic, and semantic
functions that cannot be unified. That all these functions are
expressed by a single element AT, rather than a clutch of
accidentally homophonous suffixes, is proven by the fact that AT, in
all its functions, has two allomorphs, /at/ and /ah/, with identical
distributional patterns no matter which function it is an exponent
of. Because AT is not unifiable on the function side and not simplex
on the form side, it is a purely morphological entity, a
morphome.
In further pursuit of the adjective
Authors: Haag Marcia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Osage language is shown to have a lexical
category Adjective based primarily on morphological and secondarily
on syntactic evidence. The hypothesis with the most currency is that
Siouan predicates are either active or stative verbs, and that given
the lack of distinguishing morphology, adjectives cannot be
classified as separate from stative verbs. I show that Osage treats
adjectives differently from stative verbs in compound formation, in
noun phrase modification, as clausal predicates, and in the
exponence of Scale. The number of predicates that could be thus
classified as adjectives seems to be larger than those in some other
Siouan languages such as Hocąk and Lakota.
Trajectory of children’s verb formation in Hebrew as a heritage
language
Authors: Kaufman Dorit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The trajectory of language shift and attrition
in the Israeli immigrant community in the United States represents a
complex interaction between Hebrew, a revitalized language of
heritage, and English, a language that is highly pervasive in the
Israeli urban landscape. The language of the children whose Hebrew
is still developing at the onset of contact with English attests to
morphological interaction and innovative lexical constructions that
are unprecedented in monolingual language development for Hebrew or
English. Analysis of longitudinal, narrative, and innovative verb
formation data in children’s Hebrew language oral production
confirms the vulnerability of derivational morphology and verb
formation in Hebrew and the increasing diffusion of English lexical
formation devices as proficiency in Hebrew declines.
Tracing a selfie
Authors: Huang Yi-Wen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This teaching report focuses on effectiveness of teaching pedagogies of the word formation process to Navajo
students at a two-year college in the American Southwest. The activities used to teach the concepts of word formation are
illustrated/described. The purpose of using authentic examples including songs from popular culture is to make students aware that
these linguistic concepts are related to their everyday lives and in the hope that they can utilize these concepts and integrate
real-life examples in their future teaching career. A feedback form was administered to collect the students’ views toward the
pedagogies including activities in an introductory Linguistics class.