bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Analysis of Corrective Insoles Materials
Authors: Cotoros Diana , Druga Corneliu , Stanciu Anca , Repanovici Angela , Mitu R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe corrective static insole is a medical device meant to protect and support the locomotion system. In case of afflictions or lesions of this system, the insoles play a part in healing and rehabilitation. This study aims at analyzing a personalized insole, designed according to rapid prototyping approach with low expenses in order to assist the rehabilitation of pathologies like flat foot and adjacent complications, redistribution of plantar pressures at feet level but also adjusting postural attitude of walking and standing. The insole is developed following a thorough medical examination in order to establish a diagnosis and then an expert in biomechanics and medical engineering will design the product according to the subject's needs and anthropometric dimensions. The paper also performs the analysis of the materials used for manufacturing the corrective insoles, especially from mechanical point of view by determining the static and dynamic loads that may act upon the device. The study is conducted in Solidworks software environment and provides a finite element analysis of the material used for the personalized insole, in order to provide an efficient and convenient methodology in supporting feet imbalance following a pathology.
Development of long‐distance power supply system with high power laser over single mode fiber
Authors: Hualong Yu , Shiyu Wang , Jiachen Wu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe technology of long‐distance power supply with high‐power laser (HPL) over single‐mode fiber (SMF) is of great significance in specific environment. The nonlinear effect of fiber and photovoltaic conversion (PC) efficiency are the key factors restricting the application of this technology. The wide linewidth laser and cascaded long period fiber grating (CLPFG) band rejection filter are used to suppress the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effects, respectively, integrating sphere like, scattering light guide cone and thermoelectric power generation improve PC efficiency. A HPL over SMF remote power supply system is developed and tested. The injected fiber power is 10 W, the wavelength of 1550 nm laser is transmitted through 103 km single‐mode fiber, and then 26 mW power is converted for the sensor. This is also the highest level of the open literature. It is expected to be applied to the power supply of high voltage transmission line remote monitoring information system in remote areas.
School psychologists as agents of change: Implementing MTSS in a rural school district
Authors: Frank Webb Anne , Michalopoulou Lito E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis case study focuses on the role of school psychologists during the transition to and implementation of multi‐tiered systems of support (MTSS) in a small, rural school district. It provides guidance to other school psychologists in similar rural districts on how to support a system‐level change from the individual building level to the entire district level. The case study highlights the ways that the school psychologists' roles have changed due to the MTSS process as well as challenges that the district overcame. Further, it showcases that school psychologists can be valuable team members and can successfully advocate for change. It concludes with a summary of specific core components that have been essential in effectively implementing the frameworks at the school district level. Last, recommendations are provided to other practitioners regarding anticipated changes to MTSS given the extended school closure occurring due to the global pandemic.
Results of a “Psychologically Wise” professional development to increase teacher use of proactive behavior management strategies
Authors: Robertson Rachel E. , Buonomo Kristen , Abdellatif Haya , DeMaria Sarah 
Published: April 2021

AbstractProactive behavior management (PBM) has been shown to improve behavior in students with and without disabilities, yet teacher use of such strategies is often low. One barrier to the implementation of PBM is teacher beliefs that contradict a proactive approach to behavior management in favor of a punitive approach. The present study piloted a professional development program using “wise interventions” from social psychology to increase supportive beliefs and use of PBM in school personnel servicing children with disruptive classroom behavior with or at‐risk for disabilities. Twelve participants from a private special education program (SEP) and 10 participants from a public district met in small groups to review research, read testimonials, and engage in reflective writing about PBM. From before to after participation, SEP staff significantly increased their reported use of PBM and maintained these increases at 6‐month follow‐up. Public district participants also increased their reported use of PBM, however, this increase was not significant and declined 6 months later. A significant proportion of participants reported that the program changed how they think about behavior management. Implications for increasing teachers' supportive beliefs and use of PBM are discussed.
Thoughts of death and suicidality among patients with cancer: Examining subtypes and their association with mental disorders
Authors: Vehling Sigrun , Mehnert‐Theuerkauf Anja , Glaesmer Heide , Bokemeyer Carsten , Oechsle Karin , Härter Martin , Koch Uwe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveCancer is associated with an increased risk for completed suicide. We explored subtypes of thoughts of death, death wishes, suicidal ideation and behavior and their association with mental disorders and demographic and disease‐related characteristics.MethodsWe studied 2,141 cancer patients with the standardized Composite International Diagnostic Interview‐Oncology (CIDI‐O). Assessment included 4‐weeks‐prevalences of thoughts of death, wish to die, suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and lifetime suicide attempts. We further assessed 4‐weeks‐prevalences of mood, anxiety, adjustment, somatoform, substance use, and disorders due to general medical condition. We conducted latent class analyses (LCA).ResultsThe LCA identified three classes with distinct patterns of suicidality. Class 1 (89.0% of the sample) showed no suicidality. Class 2 (6.9%) was characterized by thoughts of death without suicidal ideation. Class 3 (4.1%) was characterized by thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, and suicide plans. Death wishes occurred in both classes 2 and 3. Classes 2 and 3 were associated with a significantly higher risk for any mental disorder (OR from 4.22, adjustment disorder, to 10.20, mood disorders, p < 0.001) compared to class 1. Patients with mental disorders were equally likely in classes 2 and 3. Patients with incurable cancer were significantly more likely in class 2, and less likely in class 3.ConclusionsCancer patients with suicidal ideation are not distinctly characterized by mental disorders. Further study of concepts that consider problematic adjustment to the cancer stressor such as death anxiety and demoralization may contribute to understand psychological distress underlying subtypes of thoughts of death and suicidality in cancer.
Establishment of the tandem mass spectrometric fingerprints of taxane‐based anticancer compounds
Authors: Khajavinia Amir , Haddadi Azita , El‐Aneed Anas 
Published: April 2021

RationaleCompounds in the taxane drug family are among the most successful and effective chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of solid tumors, such as breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. The tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) fragmentation behavior of these compounds is described in detail, and a generalized MS/MS fingerprint is established for the first time.MethodsFive compounds, namely paclitaxel, docetaxel, cabazitaxel, cephalomannine, and baccatin III, were evaluated. A hybrid quadrupole orthogonal time‐of‐flight (Q‐TOF) mass spectrometer was used to obtain accurate mass measurements, whereas MS/MS and second‐generation MS/MS (MS3) analyses were performed using a triple quadrupole‐linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Both instruments were equipped with an electrospray ionization source operated in the positive ion mode.ResultsAll taxanes showed an abundant singly charged [M + H]+ species in the single‐stage analysis with mass accuracies less than 3 ppm. The evaluated compounds exhibited common fragmentation behavior in their MS/MS analysis, which allowed for the production of a universal fragmentation pattern. MS3 experiments confirmed the genesis of the various product ions proposed in the fragmentation pathway. In addition, diagnostic product ions were originated from a cleavage in the ester bond between the core diterpene ring structure and the side chain.ConclusionsVarying functional groups present in these compounds resulted in unique product ions that are specific to each structure. The established MS/MS fingerprints will be used in the near future for identification and for the development of multiple reaction monitoring liquid chromatography–MS/MS quantification methods.
Unmodified Green Silver Nanoparticles as Multisensor for Zn2+ and Catalyst for Environmental Remediation
Authors: Punnoose Mamatha Susan , Mathew Beena 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper details the selective optical, fluorescent and electrochemical detection of Zn2+ among various divalent metal ions in aqueous solution by the green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using the fresh extract of Myristica fragrans (MF) with the aid of microwave energy. The synthesized silver nanoparticles stabilized with MF were analysed using UV‐vis., Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Due to the effective complexation between silver nanoparticles and metal ions, absorbance of AgNP‐MF diminished with increasing concentration of Zn2+. This is visually identified through the color changes. Fluorescent sensing studies involved the changes in fluorescent intensity of AgNP‐MF in the presence of Zn2+. Electrochemical sensing of Zn2+ was carried through cyclic and differential pulse voltammetric techniques using AgNP‐MF modified platinum electrode (AgNP‐MF−Pt). The developed electrochemical sensor showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.6148 μM and its good sensing ability was checked for the detection of Zn2+ in environmental water samples. Recoveries of Zn2+ in the various real water samples were obtained in the range from 100.2 % to 100.6 %. The multi‐functional utility of the AgNP‐MF as a catalyst towards the reduction of two environmentally toxic contaminants such as o/p‐nitroanilines through NaBH4 was also evaluated. The complete degradations were achieved within few minutes and the reactions followed pseudo first order kinetics. The effect of catalytic dosage on the rate of reduction reactions was also studied.
Free‐Standing and High‐Sensitive Electrodes with Hierarchical Nanostructures of Bimetallic Hydroxides M(OH)x/Cu(OH)2/CF (M=Ni, Co, Fe and Zn) for Glucose Detection
Authors: Wang Lili , Duan Cunpeng , Miao Xueli , Liu Jianping , Qu Yuning , Gao Jian , Wang Bing , Yin Zhen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrecise detection of glucose plays a vital role in the prevention and diagnosis of diabetes in the human body. In our present work, an efficient, high‐sensitive and free‐standing non‐enzymatic glucose sensor has been developed via in situ loading of hierarchical nanostructures of bimetallic hydroxides M(OH)x/Cu(OH)2 (M=Ni, Co, Fe and Zn) on the three‐dimensional (3D) copper foam (CF) to construct the self‐supported and binder‐free electrode (M(OH)x/Cu(OH)2/CF), in which the two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets of M(OH)x can be anchored on the 1D Cu(OH)2 nanowires. The as‐prepared M(OH)x/Cu(OH)2/CF electrodes exhibit superior glucose detecting performances in an alkaline medium. Especially, the Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2/CF electrode displays an ultrahigh sensitivity of 9351 μA mM−1 cm−2, a detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3), a response time within 5 s, a linear range from 0.001 to 1 mM, good selectivity, favorable stability and excellent repeatability for glucose detection. Our experimental results indicate that in situ formations of hierarchical nanostructures with 1D nanowires and 2D nanosheets and the synergistic effect of bimetallic hydroxides can effectively improve the interface and enhance interaction between hydroxides and substrate, promote the diffusion of ions and accelerate the charge transfer. Moreover, the 3D conductive substrate of CF provides a high active surface area and enhances structural stability. The present work paves the way for designing efficient and facile non‐enzymatic glucose sensors or electrocatalysts via the construction of multi‐component and hierarchical nanostructures.
Construction of a 3D porous Zn(II) compound with (3,4)‐connected topology: luminescent and gas sorption properties
Authors: Li Wen‐hong , Cao Jin‐jin , Guo Li‐da , Wang Bing , Song Ying , Zhou Chang‐Li , Zhao Jie‐lin , Liu Yi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA new 3D porous Zn(II) compound [Zn2(L)2(C2O4)]n ⋅ 2(DMA) (1, HL=4‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐2,2′ : 4′,4′′‐terpyridine, DMA=N, N’‐dimethylacetamide) was successfully synthesized with carboxyphenyl‐terpyridine ligand. X‐ray structural analysis revealed that compound 1 features a 2‐fold interpenetrated framework with (3,4)‐connected network topology. Despite interpenetration, compound 1 still contains high solvent‐accessible free volume owing to the existence of large 1D nanotube channels. Gas adsorption properties investigation of the activated 1 a confirms its high BET surface area, high CO2 uptake capacity and excellent adsorption selectivity of CO2 over CH4. Luminescent properties investigation indicate that compound 1 displays intense luminescence at room temperature.
Sex‐specific actuarial and reproductive senescence in zoo‐housed tiger (Panthera tigris): The importance of sub‐species for conservation
Authors: Tidière Morgane , Müller Peter , Sliwa Alexander , Siberchicot Aurélie , Douay Guillaume 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA fifth of all known species are currently classified as threatened in the wild: the rate of biodiversity loss is rapid, continuous, and mostly due to anthropogenic activities. To slow down this decline, the accurate estimation of demographic parameters for threatened species is critical. With this aim, zoo institutions play an important role, giving access to data on zoo‐housed animals, which aids researchers working on species life‐history traits and intrinsic factors influencing the fitness of both sexes, such as age. While tigers (Panthera tigris) are particularly threatened in their natural environment, few of their demographic parameters have been determined because of their solitary and elusive nature as well as low population density. Using individual‐based information for more than 9200 tigers (from 1938 to 2018) recorded in the International Tiger Studbook 2018, we aimed to determine sub‐species and sex‐specific variability of survival and reproductive parameters with age. No significant sex‐difference in actuarial senescence (i.e., decline of survival probabilities with age) was observed but males tended to have a higher juvenile mortality and a faster senescence than females. Reproductive senescence (i.e., decline of reproductive parameters with age) was more pronounced in females than males. Moreover, we observed sub‐species‐specific variation in mortality and reproductive patterns, pointing out the necessity to consider them independently for conservation goals. Our findings can provide meaningful improvements to the husbandry of zoo‐housed tigers, emphasizing the importance of adult breeding females of 7–9 years‐old to control zoo‐housed population size, but also providing accurate demographic estimates, crucial to set up effective conservation plans.
Symmetries and strings of adjoint QCD2
Authors: Komargodski Zohar , Ohmori Kantaro , Roumpedakis Konstantinos , Seifnashri Sahand 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We revisit the symmetries of massless two-dimensional adjoint QCD with gauge group SU(N). The dynamics is not sufficiently constrained by the ordinary symmetries and anomalies. Here we show that the theory in fact admits ∼ 22N non-invertible symmetries which severely constrain the possible infrared phases and massive excitations. We prove that for all N these new symmetries enforce deconfinement of the fundamental quark. When the adjoint quark has a small mass, m ≪ gYM, the theory confines and the non-invertible symmetries are softly broken. We use them to compute analytically the k-string tension for N ≤ 5. Our results suggest that the k-string tension, Tk, is Tk ∼ |m| sin(πk/N) for all N. We also consider the dynamics of adjoint QCD deformed by symmetric quartic fermion interactions. These operators are not generated by the RG flow due to the non-invertible symmetries, thus violating the ordinary notion of naturalness. We conjecture partial confinement for the deformed theory by these four-fermion interactions, and prove it for SU(N ≤ 5) gauge theory. Comparing the topological phases at zero and large mass, we find that a massless particle ought to appear on the string for some intermediate nonzero mass, consistent with an emergent supersymmetry at nonzero mass. We also study the possible infrared phases of adjoint QCD allowed by the non-invertible symmetries, which we are able to do exhaustively for small values of N. The paper contains detailed reviews of ideas from fusion category theory that are essential for the results we prove.
New heavenly double copies
Authors: Chacón Erick , García-Compeán Hugo , Luna Andrés , Monteiro Ricardo , White Chris D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The double copy relates scattering amplitudes and classical solutions in Yang-Mills theory, gravity, and related field theories. Previous work has shown that this has an explicit realisation in self-dual YM theory, where the equation of motion can be written in a form that maps directly to Plebański’s heavenly equation for self-dual gravity. The self-dual YM equation involves an area-preserving diffeomorphism algebra, two copies of which appear in the heavenly equation. In this paper, we show that this construction is a special case of a wider family of heavenly-type examples, by (i) performing Moyal deformations, and (ii) replacing the area-preserving diffeomorphisms with a less restricted algebra. As a result, we obtain a double-copy interpretation for hyper-Hermitian manifolds, extending the previously known hyper-Kähler case. We also introduce a double-Moyal deformation of the heavenly equation. The examples where the construction of Lax pairs is possible are manifestly consistent with Ward’s conjecture, and suggest that the classical integrability of the gravity-type theory may be guaranteed in general by the integrability of at least one of two gauge-theory-type single copies.
Tumor morphology and location associate with immune cell composition in pleomorphic sarcoma
Authors: Wustrack Rosanna L. , Shao Evans , Sheridan Joey , Zimel Melissa , Cho Soo-Jin , Horvai Andrew E. , Luong Diamond , Kwek Serena S. , Fong Lawrence , Okimoto Ross A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare group of mesenchymal malignancies that account for approximately 1% of adult human cancer. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is one of the most common subtypes of adult STS. Clinical stratification of UPS patients has not evolved for decades and continues to rely on tumor-centric metrics including tumor size and depth. Our understanding of how the tumor microenvironment correlates to these clinicopathologic parameters remains limited.

Methods
Here, we performed single-cell flow cytometric immune-based profiling of 15 freshly resected UPS tumors and integrated this analysis with clinical, histopathologic, and outcomes data using both a prospective and retrospective cohort of UPS patients.

Results
We uncovered a correlation between physiologic and anatomic properties of UPS tumors and the composition of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, we identified an inverse correlation between tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells and UPS tumor size; and a positive correlation between tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells and overall survival. Moreover, we demonstrate an association between anatomical location (deep or superficial) and frequency of CD4 + PD1hi infiltrating T cells in UPS tumors.

Conclusions
Our study provides an immune-based analysis of the tumor microenvironment in UPS patients and describes the different composition of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes based on size and tumor depth.
Delayed Postoperative Hemorrhage Complicating Major Supramesocolic Surgery Management and Outcomes
Authors: Devant Emmanuel , Girard Edouard , Abba Julio , Ghelfi Julien , Sage Pierre‐Yves , Sengel Christian , Risse Olivier , Bricault Ivan , Trilling Bertrand , Chirica Mircea 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe place of surgery and interventional radiology in the management of delayed (> 24 h) hemorrhage (DHR) complicating supramesocolic surgery is still to define. The aim of the study was to evaluate outcomes of DHR using a combined multimodal strategy.MethodsBetween 2005 and 2019, 57 patients (median age 64 years) experienced 86 DHR episodes after pancreatic resection (n = 26), liver transplantation (n = 24) and other (n = 7). Hemodynamically stable patients underwent computed tomography evaluation followed by interventional radiology (IR) treatment (stenting and/or embolization) or surveillance. Hemodynamically unstable patients were offered upfront surgery. Failure to identify the leak was managed by either prophylactic stenting/embolization of the most likely bleeding source or surveillance.ResultsMortality was 32% (n = 18). Bleeding recurrence occurred in 22 patients (39%) and was multiple in 7 (12%). Sentinel bleeding was recorded in 77 (81%) of episodes, and the bleeding source could not be identified in 26 (30%). Failure to control bleeding was recorded in 9 (28%) of 32 episodes managed by surgery and 4 (11%) of 41 episodes managed by IR (p = 0.14). Recurrence was similar after stenting and embolization (n = 4/18, 22% vs n = 8/26, 31%, p = 0.75) of the bleeding source. Recurrence was significantly lower after prophylactic IR management than surveillance of an unidentified bleeding source (n = 2/10, 20% vs. n = 11/16, 69%, p = 0.042).ConclusionIR management should be favored for the treatment of DHR in hemodynamically stable patients. Prophylactic IR management of an unidentified leak decreases recurrence risks.