bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-Related Differences in the Survival Benefit of Anticoagulant Therapy in Sepsis in Accordance with the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Diagnostic Criteria: A Retrospective Sub-analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Wada Takeshi , Yamakawa Kazuma , Kabata Daijiro , Abe Toshikazu , Ogura Hiroshi , Shiraishi Atsushi , Saitoh Daizoh , Kushimoto Shigeki , Fujishima Seitaro , Mayumi Toshihiko , Hifumi Toru , Shiino Yasukazu , Nakada Taka-aki , Tarui Takehiko , Otomo Yasuhiro , Okamoto Kohji , Umemura Yutaka , Kotani Joji , Sakamoto Yuichiro , Sasaki Junichi , Shiraishi Shin-ichiro , Takuma Kiyotsugu , Tsuruta Ryosuke , Hagiwara Akiyoshi , Masuno Tomohiko , Takeyama Naoshi , Yamashita Norio , Ikeda Hiroto , Ueyama Masashi , Fujimi Satoshi , Gando Satoshi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is one of the major organ dysfunctions associated with sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the age-related differences in the survival benefit of anticoagulant therapy in sepsis in accordance with the DIC diagnostic criteria.Methods: We conducted a retrospective sub-analysis of a prospective multicenter study. Fifty-nine intensive care units in Japan, from January 2016 to March 2017 were included. Adult patients with severe sepsis based on the Sepsis-2 criteria were enrolled and divided into two groups as follows: anticoagulant group; patients who received anticoagulant therapy, and non-anticoagulant group; patients who did not receive anticoagulant therapy. Patients in anticoagulant therapy group were administered antithrombin, recombinant human thrombomodulin and their combination.Results: The multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model including a three-way interaction term among anticoagulant therapy, DIC score and age showed that the increases in the risk were suppressed in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy in patients aged 60 to 70 years with high DIC scores. For patients aged 50 years, the risk in the non-anticoagulant group tended to increase concomitantly with increases in the DIC score in the low score range, while there was no increase in the risk in the high score range and favorable association of anti-coagulant therapy on hospital mortality was not found. In patients aged 80 years, the non-anticoagulant group indicated a certain risk regardless of the DIC score and the anti-coagulant therapy showed no beneficial effect on the decrease in risk of hospital mortality. Furthermore, anticoagulant therapy in the lower DIC score range increased the risk in patients aged 50 to 60 years.Conclusions: Anticoagulant therapy, the administration of antithrombin, recombinant human thrombomodulin, and their combination, were associated with decreased hospital mortality according to a higher DIC score in septic patients aged 60 to 70 years. Anticoagulant therapy, however, was not associated with a better outcome in relatively younger and older septic patients.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR, UMIN000019588. Registered on 16 November 2015.
TPX2 Induces Mitotic Survival via BCL2L1 Induction Through YAP1 Protein Stabilization in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Kim Yun-Jeong , Go Young-Hyun , Jeong Ho-Chang , Kim Seong-Min , Cheong Hyun Sub , Shin Hyoung Doo , Lee Haeseung , Cha Hyuk-Jin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Genetic alterations have been reported in most human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) for decades. ‘Survival advantage,’ a typical trait acquired during long-term in vitro culture, results from induction of BCL2L1 upon frequent copy number variation (CNV) at locus 20q11.21 and is one of the strongest candidates associated with genetic alteration via escape from mitotic stress. However, the underlying mechanisms for BCL2L1 induction remain undefined. Furthermore, abnormal mitosis and ‘survival advantage’ frequently occurring in the late passage are respectively associated with the expression of TPX2 and BCL2L1, which are located in locus 20q11.21. In this study, we observed that 20q11.21 CNV was not sufficient for BCL2L1 induction and consequent survival traits in pairs of hESCs and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with normal and 20q11.21 CNVs. Inducible expression of TPX2 and basal TPX2 expression due to leakage of the inducible system in hESCs with normal copy number was sufficient to promote BCL2L1 expression and promoted high tolerance to mitotic stress. High Aurora A kinase activity by TPX2 stabilized YAP1 protein to promote YAP1 dependent BCL2L1 expression. Thus, a chemical inhibitor of Aurora A kinase and knockdown of YAP/TAZ significantly abrogated the aforementioned high tolerance to mitotic stress through BCL2L1 suppression. These results suggest that the collective expression of TPX2 and BCL2L1 from CNV at loci 20q11.21 and a consequent increase in YAP1 signaling would promote genome instability during long-term in vitro hESC culture.
A New Technique for Identification and Evaluation of Wear in Cupper Electrodes in Electrical Discharge Machining Using Acoustic Emission Signals
Authors: Ferreira Samuel Soares , Amorim Fred Lacerda , Júnior Jánes Landre , Maia Luís Henrique Andrade , Machado Álisson Rocha , Sales Wisley Falco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is an unconventional machining process based on removing material by successive electrical discharges. The tool electrode wear must be kept as minimal as possible to produce high precision components. This scope proposes the development of a new technique for identifying wear on electrodes and its evolution using acoustic emission (AE) signals. Therefore, EDM tests were performed on H13 steel parts with electrolytic copper tool electrodes under two different conditions with concomitant AE signals measurements. The following parameters were used in the first EDM test: voltage pulse duration time (𝑡𝑒) of 150 𝜇s; the time interval between two successive voltage pulses (𝑡𝑜) of 14.84 𝜇s; electrical current of 33 A; and positive polarity electrode. For the second test: duration of the voltage pulse (𝑡𝑒) of 2 𝜇s; the time interval between two successive voltage pulses (𝑡𝑜) of 4.90 𝜇s; electrical current of 18 A; and negative polarity electrode. In this way, a wear rate 28.3 times higher was obtained in the electrolytic copper electrode in the first test, more aggressive due to its parameters, for the same machining time compared to the second test. Finally, the wear of the tool electrodes was related to the AE signals from machining, initially in this study, the workpiece's mass loss was not verified. These signals were analyzed using the Short-Time Fourier Transform techniques and Spectral Entropy. The results showed that the signals using the new technique of relation respond to wear and are sensitive to the electrode's wear rate.
The Effect of Exercise Training and Portulaca Oleracea on Neurobehavioral Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Parsa Hesam , Shiravand Tayebeh , Ranjbar Kamal , Komaki Alireza 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important causes of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Portulaca oleracea (P.oleracea) is a rich source of antioxidants, which reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Exercise training has also been shown to improve mental function and enhance learning and memory efficacy. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the potential combined effect of P. oleracea and exercise training on neurobehavioral dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats. Methods: For this purpose, 50 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) healthy control group (Con), 2) sedentary diabetic group (D), 3) diabetic rats treated with P. oleracea(D+Po), 4) diabetic rats treated with exercise training (D+Ex), and 5) diabetic rats treated with P.oleracea and exercise training (D+Po+Ex) simultaneously. Animals in the exercise groups were subjected to progressive swimming training for 12weeks. P.oleracea was mixed with standard pellet food for 12weeks. Neurobehavioral dysfunction was investigated by elevated plus-maze, shuttle box, open field, and novel object recognition tests.Results: Compared with the normal control group, rats in the sedentary diabetic group showed a more passive avoidance memory deficit and more anxiety, and less exploration. Due to exercise training and treatment with P. oleracea, the neurobehavioral deficit in the trained diabetic rats receiving P. oleracea reached the normal levels of those in the healthy group.Conclusion: These data demonstrated that diabetes causes significant neurobehavioral deficit. Nevertheless, swimming training and P. oleracea synergistically ameliorate and reverse the neurobehavioral deficit in STZ-induced diabetic male rats.
What Impact has lockdown on SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 incidence, prevalence and mortality during second wave of pandemic in 2021: - observational analysis of Bihar
Authors: Kumar Piyush 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: My research aimed to assess the impact of lockdown on SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic 13 days before lockdown, first and second 13 days during lockdown, and 13 days after the lockdown on the trends in the incidence, prevalence and mortality in the state of Bihar, India, during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: The information on the number of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 pandemic in Bihar was obtained from Health Department Bihar, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, and lockdown data were obtained from online websites as well. The impact of lockdown for 13 days before lockdown, first and second 13 days during lockdown, and 13 days after the lockdown on the incidence, prevalence and mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bihar was analyzed with Microsoft office and stata 15.1 for windows (64bit). The same will be used with Microsoft office in next version-3 of article with addition of two more period of observation i.e. one more 13 day period before lockdown and one more period after the lock down in order to observe 2 period of same duration before lockdown and 2 periods of same duration after lockdown. This period is under observation right now by the author. The version-3 will also discuss lockdown model of Bihar with criteria of inclusion and exclusion of lockdown detailed in the article as well as analysis summary for understanding in short.Results: The findings showed that except for Incidence /100000/ new death there was a trend toward a decline, and except for Prevalence/100000/confirmed cases from beginning of pandemic all other prevalence have increased. The total and observation period mortality rate due to the COVID-19 pandemic also increased.Conclusions: The findings indicate that 13 days after the lockdown, incidence, daily cases of COVID-19 and the growth of the disease showed a declined trend, but there was no significant decline in the prevalence and mortality. The study found that daily cases of SARS-COV-2 patients, and the growth factor results declined and the growth rate per day both declined to an impressive negative level in the case of the growth rate. The Bihar model of lockdown is of significance in reducing the daily new cases as well as it was found that, 13 days after the lockdown, the growth factor of the number of new daily cases decreased and the growth factor of new daily deaths was increased after the lockdown period.
The Influence of SSO on the Optimization Result of Nasopharynx Carcinoma Plan
Authors: HUA Xiaolong , YU Jianhe , WANG Lu , DAI Jiaqi , REN Qun , CHEN Li , SONG Chuanjun , MOU Yanshu , XU Wenjing , XU Hongxia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo study the influence of Monaco 5.4 treatment planning system (TPS) on the dosimetry of radiotherapy for nasopharynx carcinoma (NPC) under the condition of different segment shape optimization (SSO) times.MethodsFifteen patients with T3-4N0-2M0 stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma were enrolled, and each case was designed with SSO of 3, 5, 7 and 10 times respectively. The dose results of the target area and the major organs at risk (OAR) were statistically analyzed by DVH statistics; moreover, the isodose lines of 70Gy, 60Gy and 54Gy were intercepted at the same plane in the transverse, coronal and sagittal views and the segment shapes were compared at the angle of 30°, 120°, 240° and 330° in beam eye view (BEV); In addition, optimization time (OT), delivery time (DT), segments# and MU# were obtained and analyzed by optimization console; the plans were verified and analyzed by using ArcCheck phantom.ResultsFor target area D2, the results of the SSO7 group and the SSO10 group were similar and both better than those of SSO3 and SSO5 groups, and the D2 results of the SSO3 group were notable higher than those of the other three groups; for the major OARs, the results of the maximum dose of spinal cord, brain stem, and lens and the mean dose and V30 of parotid glands showed the same trend. It showed that SSO7 and SSO10 share similar dose results, too which are notable better than the similar dose results shared by SSO3 and SSO5; in the dose deprogram distribution of 70Gy, 60Gy and 54Gy, partial 70Gy dose spillover occurred in both groups SSO3 and SSO5 and it was more obvious in group SSO3. While there was a no significant dose spillover in group SSO7 and group SSO10; in the sub-field alignment comparison under the same angle, the alignment became more complicated and the sub-fields were smaller as the number of SSO increased; the results of segment#, MU# and plan delivery time between different SSO groups were slightly different, while the plan optimization time changed significantly. The difference between group SSO3 and group SSO10 was more than 500s; the results were compared in ArcCheck, there was no significant difference between the groups.ConclusionsThe user-defined SSO function of Monaco 5.4 TPS effectively balances the relationship between plan design efficiency and plan quality. When SSO is 7, it is better value for efficiency and quality in clinical radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Impact of climate and governments measures on COVID-19 spread : Evidence from data
Authors: Maoude Kassimou Abdoul Haki , Chaffa Chaffa Odjouwoni Lucien , Adom Idossou Marius 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of climate and governments responses on the spread of the COVID-19. Our strategy is empirical. Our model is based on an accounting equation derived from the SIR model, and estimates the relationship between the growth of the daily COVID-19 confirmed cases on the one hand, and climatic variables (such as the daily average temperature and the wind speed) and governments responses to COVID-19 on the other hand. We also develop a theoretical approach to test the presence of a threshold in the effect of the temperature on the COVID-19 spread. Using a panel data on a sample of 294 territories overs 106 days (from 22 January, 2020 to 06 May, 2020), we find significant negative effect of temperature and temperature variability and significant positive effect of wind speed and precipitation on the growth of the COVID-19 confirmed cases. We also find that governments responses are associated to a lower growth of confirmed cases. But we do not find any universally applicable threshold effect in the relationship between the average temperature and the confirmed cases growth.JEL Classification: C12, C15, C23, C60
Structural, Thermal, Optical Characterizations of PANI/PMMA Composite Doped by TiO2 as an Application in Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Alsulami Q. A. , Rajeh A. A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The casting method was employed for the preparation of polymer blend films doped with TiO2 (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.3 wt.%). The XRD outcomes show that TiO2 phase formation is anatase, with an average crystal size of 20.25 nm. PANI/PMMA-TiO2 nanocomposites samples have an amorphous nature. In addition, the degree of amorphousity is increased with the increase of the content of the TiO2 NPs. The FTIR method was employed for presenting the vibrational bands of the nanocomposites and the intermolecular bonding of the blend with the TiO2 NPs. The applied investigation involved the optical constant like absorption as well as t90-etransmission spectra, refractive index, reflectance, coefficient extinction, dielectric constant’ imaginary and real parts, the susceptibility (χ3) of third order and the optical band gaps. The optical band gap (Eg) values of the films of fabricated nanocomposites was lower upon doping (≤ 1.5 wt.%). The reduction of the value happened due to the introduction of the preselected TiO2 NPs into thin films. Such values significantly match the values which were revealed by the Tauc technique. It was proved through DSC and TGA techniques that TiO2 NPs can lead to the enhancement of the polymer blend in terms of thermal stability. As displayed by the DSC analysis, there is a single Tg of the polymer blend (PANI/PMMA), which prove their miscibility. The optical constants displayed by the experimental results show noticeable changes upon raising the doping concentrations. The resultant doped thin films indicate that the fabricating high-efficient optoelectronic machines are greatly promising.
Bacillus Coagulans SKB LAB-19: A Potential Probiotic in Humans and Animal Healthcare
Authors: Chaudhari Khushal , Mohan Mahalaxmi , Saudagar Parag S , Sable Chetna , Bedade Dattatray K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganism which when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host. Different probiotic strains are being used in animal feeds. The main goal of current study was to screen the isolate for potential probiotic characteristics viz. different enzyme production, antimicrobial properties, pH/bile salt tolerance, temperature stability, antidiarrheal activity against E. coli and castor oil induced diarrhoea in non-ruminant’s Swiss albino mice and Wistar rats; and acute oral toxicity in mice using OECD guidelines. The results showed that the isolate SKB LAB-19 produces 8 potential enzymes, effective against E. coli and C. perfringensis, tolerant to bile salt and gastric pH, stable at 40-90oC and shows no cytotoxicity. In in vivo studies, SKB LAB19 was found to be safe and displayed promising results to reverse E. coli and castor oil induced diarrhoea in Albino mice and Wistar rats, respectively. An attempt was made to explain mechanism of action and immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus coagulans SKB LAB-19 on reversal of diarrhoeal symptoms, haematological parameters, concentration of immunoglobulins in blood and increases the weight of spleen and thymus. Histopathological pictures showed repair to damaged mucosal epithelium cells and also improves integrity of the goblet cells of colon. Thus, Bacillus coagulans SKB LAB-19 could be an effective probiotic alternative to standard anti-diarrhoeal drugs in humans and animals.
Efficacy of Acupuncture and Its Influence on the Emotional Network in Insomnia Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Jiang Tongfei , Guo Jing , Zhang Qi , Zhang Fan , Yuan Fang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
IntroductionInsomnia disorder (ID) is characterized by dissatisfaction with the quantity or quality of sleep and is often accompanied by negative emotions such as anxiety and depression. Patients with insomnia become trapped in a vicious circle of bad moods and poor sleep. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (r-fMRI) studies have shown abnormalities in emotion-related brain networks in patients with ID. And it has been proven that reducing negative emotions improves sleep quality. As a traditional alternative therapy, acupuncture has been demonstrated to be effective not only in improving sleep quality but also in stabilizing emotions; however, the mode of action needs to be further explored. Therefore, a clinical trial was designed to explore the effect of acupuncture in improving sleep and mood, and to intuitively investigate the regulation of the emotional network using fMRI. Methods and AnalysisA total of 60 participants with ID will be randomly allocated to a spirit-regulating group or a control group using non-effective acupoints acupuncture at a ratio of 1:1. All participants will receive 3 acupuncture treatment sessions per week for 4 weeks. In addition, 30 healthy individuals will be included in the healthy group. The primary outcome is the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Secondary outcomes are the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hyperarousal Scale (HAS), and the Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14), r-fMRI data, sleep diary, and actigraphy. The data will be collected prior to treatment, following treatment, and during the 12 weeks follow-up period; a sleep diary will be kept during the entire process. Ethics and Dissemination This protocol has been approved by the Research Ethical Committee of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Bejing TCM Hospital). The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals or presented at academic conferences. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trials Register, ChiCTR1800015282.
Lipid-In, Sugar-Out: Early Results of Treatment with additional Ketogenic Parenteral Nutrition in Left Ventricle Assist Device Patients.
Authors: Bejko Jonida , Bottio Tomaso , Caraffa Raphael , Carrozzini Massimiliano , Bifulco Olimpia , Tarzia Vincenzo , Gregori Dario , Pittarello Demetrio Giorgio , Pesenti Francesco Francini , Gerosa Gino , Tona Francesco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: Right ventricle failure (RVF) can be a fatal complication following left ventricle assist device (LVAD) implant. Careful intra and postoperative management is becoming increasingly important. Unfortunately, the attempts are limited to the prediction and not to the treatment. There are no data on Ketogenic parenteral nutrition (KPN) for the targeted treatment of RVF. The aim of our retrospective observational case-control study is to determine whether KPN may play a role as additional treatment to conventional therapy after LVAD implantation.Material and Methods: This is a retrospective single center analysis of a case series on prospectively collected data. From February 2012 to April 2021, 192 patients have been implanted with an LVAD. All the patients were managed with optimal medical and surgical therapy. One-hundred-seven patients were treated with additional KPN as adjuvant therapy against and in prevention of acute RVF (KPN-Group), defined according to International Society Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) guidelines. The remaining 85 patients, managed without KPN, constituted our control group (No-KPN-Group).Results: In KPN-Group acute-RVF occurred in 31 patients (29%), while causing death in 14 patients (13%). In the No-KPN-Group acute-RVF was observed in 32 patients (37.6%), while causing death in 20 patients (23.5%). According to echocardiographic and hemodynamic results, the majority of KPN-Group patients responded with RV function improvement (range 4–60% of TAPSE increase, p < 0.05) with recovery of RV function in 85% of the patients (91/107). In No-KPN-Group RV functional recovery was observed in 65 patients (76.4%). Overall intra-hospital mortality was 23.4% (25) and 27.1% (23) in KPN-Group and No-KPN-Group, respectively (p = 0.337). While Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay was comparable (p = 0.078), ward-stay was significantly shorter in KPN-Group (p = 0.03).Conclusion: KPN was well tolerated. A complete recovery of the RV function was achieved in the majority of the patients and results lasted beyond the duration of KPN. Future research to understand the underlying mechanism, and identification of suitable patients and treatment duration is necessary.