bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pastoral Conflict, Emerging Trends and Environmental Stress in Nyangatom, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Temesgen Thomas  , Taddesse Berisso  
Published: April 2021

This study examined the dynamics of conflict, emerging trends and relationship between inter-pastoral conflicts and environmental changes in Nyangatom, Southern Ethiopia. The study employed a qualitative approach and exploratory case study research design. The study revealed that inter-pastoral conflicts stem from multiple and compounding dynamics. The environmental change has escalated intense inter-pastoralists’ contestation and conflicts, including cross-border conflict, on the scarce and fast-depleting natural resources. Indeed, there is a causal link between inter-pastoral conflicts and environmental changes. In this regard, the environmental factor has uniquely affected the Nyangatom due to the drying of Kibish River and rapid invasion of Prosopis–Juliflora in their key grazing lands. In response to environmental stresses as part of the traditional copying mechanism, the Nyangatom cross border deep into South-Sudan to their ethnic kin of Toposa and into Kenya that usually causes frequent cross-border conflicts with Turkana pastoralists. Irrespective of discernible risk of conflicts, they used to migrate to Mursi and Surma territories that caused conflict. And yet, the Nyangatom has often engaged in frequent conflicts with Dasanach. The study suggests alternative livelihood options and an understanding of the complex conflict dynamics in view of the cause-effect relationships for future management of inter-pastoral and cross-border conflicts in the region.
In Vitro antibacterial activity of rumex nervosus, plantago lanceolata, solanum incanum and lepidium sativum against selected bacterial pathogens of human and animals
Authors: Abebe Endalkachew , Mekonnen Negesse 
Published: April 2021

Medicinal plants are used as a primary means of tackling different ailments especially in developing countries. In the present study, the leaves of Rumex nervosus, Plantago lanceolata, Lepidium sativum and Solanum incanum were collected and extracted by maceration method using 70% methanol. The extracts were concentrated and the yields recorded. Antibacterial effects of the extracts were tested on selected bacteria such as Streptococcus, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, and Salmonella which were obtained from Haramaya University, Veterinary Microbiology Laboratory. Preliminary screening test for the extract was made using agar disc diffusion method and subsequently the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by agar dilution assay based on the zone of bacterial growth inhibition. The finding indicated that Rumex nervosus showed have the highest zone of inhibition (20mm) against the genus Salmonella followed by Plantago lanceolata with the zone of inhibition (16mm) against L. monocytogenes. On the other hand, Lepidium sativum and Solanum incanum did not have any antibacterial activity against all the cultured bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of Rumex nervosus against S. aureus were 1.56x103μg/ml and that of Plantago lanceolata against L. monocytogenes were 6.25 x103μg/ml and 1.25 x 104μg/ml, respectively. From the findings it can be concluded that Rumex nervosus and Plantago lanceolata have shown to be a better antibacterial activity against selected bacterial pathogens, while leave extracts of other medicinal plants do not have any effect. Fractionated components of the plants might show better effect which needs further investigation using different solvent and standard medium.Keywords: Agar disc diffusion, Antibacterial activity, Rumex nervosus, Plantago lanceolata, Solanum incanum, Lepidium sativum
MEMAHAMI PERBEDAAN ANTARA BAHASA ARAB FUSHAH DAN ‘AMMIYAH
Authors: AR Amran , Takdir Takdir , Munawwir Ahmad , Nurlatifah Nurlatifah 
Published: April 2021

Bahasa Arab Fushah dan ‘Ammiyah merupakan bahasa Arab yang bersumber dari bahasa Smit, penggunaan bahasa Fushah di dapatkan pada kitab suci al-Qur’an, al-Hadis dan buku-buku ilmiah lainnya, sedangkan bahasa ‘Ammiyah bisa didapatkan pada ungkapan yang dipergunakan sehari-hari sebagai alat komunikasi bangsa Arab. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), penelitian ini berfokus pada pengumpulan data yang berkaitan dengan kepustakaan melalui bacaan dan catatan untuk mengolah bahan penelitian. Pra Islam, masyarakat Arab mengenal stratifikasi kefasihan bahasa. Kabilah yang dianggap paling baik bahasa Arabnya dibanding yang lain adalah Quraisy yang dikenal sebagai surat al-Arab (pusatnya masyarakat Arab). Kefasihan bahasa Quraisy ditunjang oleh tempat tinggal mereka yang secara geografis berjauhan dengan negara-negara bangsa non-Arab dari segala penjuru. Bahasa ‘Ammiyah adalah “bahasa dalam penyimpangan” (lughat fi al-lahn) setelah sebelumnya merupakan fenomena dalam penyimpangan bahasa. Secara perlahan tapi pasti bahasa ‘Ammiyah terus berkembang hingga menjelma sebagai bahasa yang otonom dengan kaidah dan ciri-cirinya sendiri. Bahasa ‘Ammiyah di negeri-negeri (taklukan) Islam awalnya adalah lahn yang sederhana dan masih labil karena masyarakatnya masih memiliki watak bahasa Arab yang genuin. Karena itu, di awal kemunculannya bahasa ‘Ammiyah di kalangan masyarakat masih mempunyai rentangan antara yang lebih dekat dengan bahasa baku (Fushah) sampai pada yang jauh darinya.
Assistente ou Secretário Executivo? Um Estudo de Caso Sobre Assessorias Complexas
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Viviane Alessandra , Moteka Batista de Queiroz Mott Aurélia , Cantarotti Aline 
Published: April 2021

Este estudo de caso teve como objetivo analisar as atividades desenvolvidas pelo profissional de Secretariado Executivo em uma organização de médio porte e compará-las com as atividades de superintendentes, ou assessores de alto nível, confirmando, assim, se o Secretário Executivo, no caso analisado, utiliza competências para desempenhar atividades de assessorias complexas, extrapolando a atuação puramente técnica. Os dados foram obtidos na organização por meio de observação participante e entrevistas, além da análise bibliográfica de publicações da área. Então, foram verificados pela análise de conteúdo categorial e triangulados a fim de elaborar conclusões sobre o caso. Os principais achados revelam que, em teoria, o profissional de Secretariado Executivo está apto para realizar assessoria em níveis complexos, conforme defendido pelas pesquisas da área. Porém, no caso analisado, o exercício da profissão não condiz com o preconizado pelas teorias. A partir da identificação de múltiplas possibilidades da assessoria, evidenciadas na prática de uma organização real, ressaltam-se competências necessárias ao profissional que busca assessorar em funções complexas, destacando o desenvolvimento de conhecimento estratégico e mercadológico de atuação da empresa. Este estudo sugere caminhos para os profissionais que desejam ampliar seu campo de atuação, oferecendo novas perspectivas para a prática secretarial que certamente implicam em novos desafios.
Thực trạng sức khỏe, bệnh tật của người chuyên canh vải huyện Lục Ngạn, tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2016
Authors: Quỳnh Nguyễn Hoàng , Hoa Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh , Đà Phạm Xuân 
Published: April 2021

Một nghiên cứu mô tả được tiến hành nhằm mô tả thực trạng sức khỏe và bệnh tật của người lao động chuyên canh vải huyện Lục Ngạn, tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2016. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, tỷ lệ bệnh, triệu chứng bệnh người chuyên canh vải thường gặp nhiều nhất là viêm mũi họng chiếm 37%, tiếp theo viêm kết mạc chiếm 21,7%, đau đầu chiếm 20,5% và viêm da là 18,3%. Các dấu hiệu nhiễm độc khi tiếp xúc trực tiếp với hóa chất bảo vệ thực vật (HCBVTV) cũng gặp nhiều ở người chuyên canh vải bao gồm: Mệt mỏi 65,1%, đau đầu, choáng váng là 48,8%, hoa mắt chóng mặt là 44,7%. Người dân chuyên canh vải cần tăng cường sử dụng các trang thiết bị bảo vệ cá nhân, cải thiện điều kiện lao động nhằm giảm tỷ lệ mắc một số bệnh nêu trên.
A retrospective cohort study comparing clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilisation in patients undergoing surgery for osteomyelitis in England: a case for reorganising orthopaedic infection services
Authors: Ferguson Jamie , Alexander Myriam , Bruce Stuart , O'Connell Matthew , Beecroft Sue , McNally Martin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Aims: An investigation of the impact of a multidisciplinary bone infection unit (BIU) undertaking osteomyelitis surgery with a single-stage protocol on clinical
outcomes and healthcare utilisation compared to national outcomes in
England. Patients and Methods: A tertiary referral multidisciplinary BIU was compared to the rest of
England (ROE) and a subset of the 10 next busiest centres based on osteomyelitis treatment episode volume (Top Ten), using the Hospital
Episodes Statistics database (HES). A total of 25 006 patients undergoing
osteomyelitis surgery between April 2013 and March 2017 were included. Data
on secondary healthcare resource utilisation and clinical indicators were
extracted for 24 months before and after surgery. Results:
Patients treated at the BIU had higher orthopaedic healthcare utilisation in
the 2 years prior to their index procedure, with more admissions (p< 0.001) and a mean length of stay (LOS) over 4 times longer than other groups (10.99 d, compared to 2.79 d for Top Ten and 2.46 d
for the ROE, p< 0.001). During the index inpatient period, the BIU had fewer mean theatre visits (1.25) compared to the TT (1.98, p< 0.001) and the ROE (1.64, p= 0.001). The index inpatient period was shorter in the BIU (11.84 d), 33.6 %
less than the Top Ten (17.83 d, p< 0.001) and 29.9 % shorter
than the ROE (16.88 d, p< 0.001). During follow-up, BIU patients underwent fewer osteomyelitis-related reoperations than Top Ten centres (p= 0.0139) and the ROE (p= 0.0137). Mortality was lower (4.71 %) compared to the Top Ten (20.06 %, p< 0.001) and the ROE (22.63 %, p< 0.001). The cumulative BIU total amputation rate was lower (6.47 %) compared to the Top Ten (15.96 %, p< 0.001) and the ROE (12.71 %, p< 0.001). Overall healthcare
utilisation was lower in the BIU for all inpatient admissions, LOS, and
Accident and Emergency (A&amp;E) attendances. Conclusion: The benefits of managing osteomyelitis in a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) specialist setting included reduced hospital stays, lower reoperation rates
for infection recurrence, improved survival, lower amputation rates, and
lower overall healthcare utilisation. These results support the
establishment of centrally funded multidisciplinary bone infection units that will improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare utilisation.
ANALISIS MORFO-SEMANTIK PENGGUNAAN LEKSEM DALAM INSTAGRAM BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Ghozali Dikri Dirwatul 
Published: April 2021

Jejaring sosial instagram merupakan salah satu dari beberapa situs jejaring sosial yang sedang banyak digunakan oleh sebagian besar masyarakat dunia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Situs ini dibuka pada tahun 2010 dan sampai sekarang sudah mempunyai banyak pengguna aktif di seluruh dunia. Dan tentunya, dalam situs tersebut terdapat leksem-leksem baru yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan teknologi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan membahas leksem dalam situs jejaring sosial instagram yang dilihat dari segi morfologi dan semantik. Analisis ini adalah analisis kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk dan makna-makna leksem bahasa dalam situs jejaring sosial instagram. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah leksem dalam instagram bahasa Arab. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa baca dan catat. Hasil analisis dari sisi morfologi menyatakan bahwa leksem bahasa dalam instagram bahasa Arab ada yang berbentuk derivasi, infleksi, dan gabungan kata seperti, frasa idhofy dan frasa na’ty. Sedangkan dari sisi semantik, terdapat leksem yang mengalami pergeseran makna, dan beberapa kata yang memiliki makna sepadan dengan makna asalnya.
Kata kunci : leksem, Instagram, morfologi, semantik
Ciclismo e cicloturismo em Santa Catarina (Brasil): características, motivações e interesses
Authors: Sartori Anderson 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo do estudo: Identificar o perfil do ciclista e cicloturista em Santa Catarina, em seus aspectos socioeconômicos, interesses e motivações no ciclismo e usos de aplicativos de monitoramento.Metodologia/abordagem: Quantitativa com enfoque qualitativo, descritiva com delineamento de levantamento e revisão da bibliografia. Foram utilizados 285 questionários, aplicados virtualmente para ciclistas e cicloturistas de Santa Catarina, através de amostragem não probabilística intencional e quantificados através de planilhas e gráficos no Excel para análise dos dados através do referencial teórico pesquisado.Originalidade/Relevância: A pesquisa apresenta, de forma inédita, o perfil dos ciclistas e cicloturistas em Santa Catarina, envolvendo dados socioeconômicos, interesses e motivações e os usos da tecnologia no acompanhamento e compartilhamento dos pedais com aplicativo (Strava), possibilitando novas análise sobre o cicloturismo dentro do turismo.Principais resultados: As principais motivações para a prática do ciclismo são exercício físico, conhecer paisagens naturais e patrimônio cultural e realizar novas amizades. O aplicativo é utilizado para automonitoramento de tempo, distância e velocidade durante o percurso e compartilhamento com rede social.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: O planejamento de roteiros de cicloturismo ou o incentivo do uso da bicicleta como atrativo turístico requer atenção as necessidades e expectativas desse público, que se difere do turista usual, requerendo bens e serviços específicos, tanto para si como para seu equipamento, seja durante os trajetos como nos momentos de descanso.Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: As pesquisas dentro dessa temática podem auxiliar em no planejamento das políticas públicas de turismo para atender as expectativas e necessidades dos cicloturistas e ciclistas em geral. Os usos da bicicleta como esporte e/ou lazer ganharam espaço nas últimas décadas, com o compartilhamento das experiências nas redes sociais, com a visibilidade para os destinos e atrativos avaliadas pelos praticantes, gerando redes de interesse e mobilização sobre este tema.
Performar formar mar ar… Esqueceram de mim?
Authors: Fernandes Ciane , Gomes Morgana Barbosa , Ragazzon Patrícia  Avila , Sousa Vera Solange Pires Gomes de , Vieira Alba  Pedreira , Souza Giorrdani  Gorki Queiroz de , Lins Leal Priscylla , Vendramin Carla , Santana Eduardo Augusto  Rosa , Morais Líria de Araújo , Oliveira Antonio Ricardo Fagundes de 
Published: April 2021

Impressões e questões relativas à teleperformance Esqueceram de Mim s/n, realizada no evento virtual X Mostra de Performance - Negríndios: Corpo, Imagem, Violência e (Re)Presentação (30/11 a 02/12/2020), criada pelo Coletivo A-FETO de Dança-Teatro da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), que integra várias artistas/pesquisadoras egressas da UFBA, em diversas localidades do país. A escrita poética e performativa lida com aspectos de deficiência, invisibilidade e exclusão, em busca da validação de sensibilidades somáticas e memórias ancestrais, enfatizando a diferença e as singularidades como modos de criar sabedorias inovadoras e fundamentais na contemporaneidade.
Catalina de Médici: Retratos al servicio de una imagen de poder
Authors: Grau María Cristina 
Published: April 2021

El artículo presente analiza la evolución iconográfica en la construcción y en la promoción de la imagen de poder de Catalina de Médici, reina de Francia de la decimosexta centuria.
The present article analyzes the iconographic evolution in the construction and promotion of the image of power of Catherine de’ Medici, Queen of France in the sixteenth century.
eNOS-induced vascular barrier disruption in retinopathy by c-Src activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cadherin
Authors: Ninchoji Takeshi , Love Dominic T , Smith Ross O , Hedlund Marie , Vestweber Dietmar , Sessa William C , Claesson-Welsh Lena 
Published: April 2021

Background:Hypoxia and consequent production of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) promote blood vessel leakiness and edema in ocular diseases. Anti-VEGFA therapeutics may aggravate hypoxia; therefore, therapy development is needed.Methods:Oxygen-induced retinopathy was used as a model to test the role of nitric oxide (NO) in pathological neovascularization and vessel permeability. Suppression of NO formation was achieved chemically using L-NMMA, or genetically, in endothelial NO synthase serine to alanine (S1176A) mutant mice.Results:Suppression of NO formation resulted in reduced retinal neoangiogenesis. Remaining vascular tufts exhibited reduced vascular leakage through stabilized endothelial adherens junctions, manifested as reduced phosphorylation of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin Y685 in a c-Src-dependent manner. Treatment with a single dose of L-NMMA in established retinopathy restored the vascular barrier and prevented leakage.Conclusions:We conclude that NO destabilizes adheren junctions, resulting in vascular hyperpermeability, by converging with the VEGFA/VEGFR2/c-Src/VE-cadherin pathway.Funding:This study was supported by the Swedish Cancer foundation (19 0119 Pj ), the Swedish Research Council (2020-01349), the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation (KAW 2020.0057) and a Fondation Leducq Transatlantic Network of Excellence Grant in Neurovascular Disease (17 CVD 03). KAW also supported LCW with a Wallenberg Scholar grant (2015.0275). WCS was supported by Grants R35 HL139945, P01 HL1070205, AHA MERIT Award. DV was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB1450, B03, and CRU342, P2.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Phloretin α‐Glucosides Using a Sucrose Phosphorylase Mutant and its Effect on Solubility, Antioxidant Properties and Skin Absorption
Authors: Gonzalez‐Alfonso Jose L. , Ubiparip Zorica , Jimenez‐Ortega Elena , Poveda Ana , Alonso Cristina , Coderch Luisa , Jimenez‐Barbero Jesus , Sanz‐Aparicio Julia , Ballesteros Antonio O. , Desmet Tom , Plou Francisco J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlycosylation of polyphenols may increase their aqueous solubility, stability, bioavailability and pharmacological activity. Herein, we used a mutant of sucrose phosphorylase from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum engineered to accept large polyphenols (variant TtSPP_R134A) to produce phloretin glucosides. The reaction was performed using 10% (v/v) acetone as cosolvent. The selective formation of a monoglucoside or a diglucoside (53% and 73% maximum conversion percentage, respectively) can be kinetically controlled. MS and 2D‐NMR determined that the monoglucoside was phloretin 4’‐O‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside and the diglucoside phloretin‐4’‐O‐[α‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐O‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside], a novel compound. The molecular features that determine the specificity of this enzyme for 4’‐OH phenolic group were analysed by induced‐fit docking analysis of each putative derivative, using the crystal structure of TtSPP and changing the mutated residue. The mono‐ and diglucoside were, respectively, 71‐ and 1200‐fold more soluble in water than phloretin at room temperature. The α‐glucosylation decreased the antioxidant capacity of phloretin, measured by DPPH and ABTS assays; however, this loss was moderate and the activity could be recovered upon deglycosylation in vivo. Since phloretin attracts a great interest in dermocosmetic applications, we analyzed the percutaneous absorption of glucosides and the aglycon employing a pig skin model. Although the three compounds were detected in all skin layers (except the fluid receptor), the diglucoside was present mainly on superficial layers.magnified image
Aniline‐Type Hypervalent Iodine(III) for Intramolecular Cyclization via C−H Bond Abstraction of Hydrocarbons Containing N‐ and O‐Nucleophiles
Authors: Nishiguchi Yuna , Moriyama Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe developed a method for the preparation of (diacetoxyiodo)‐2‐(N‐alkylamido)benzene as an aniline‐type hypervalent iodine(III). We also achieved direct cyclizations via C−H bond abstraction, such as the Hofmann‐Löffler‐Freytag reaction, a direct amination, and a direct lactonization, using the aniline‐type hypervalent iodine(III) to obtain corresponding products in high yields.magnified image
Gemischtvalente Verbindungen als polarisierende Mittel für die dynamische Kern‐Overhauser‐Polarisation in Festkörpern**
Authors: Gurinov Andrei , Sieland Benedikt , Kuzhelev Andrey , Elgabarty Hossam , Kühne Thomas D. , Prisner Thomas , Paradies Jan , Baldus Marc , Ivanov Konstantin L. , Pylaeva Svetlana 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWir untersuchen eine neuartige Gruppe von Polarisationsmitteln – gemischtvalente Verbindungen – mittels theoretischer und experimenteller Methoden und demonstrieren ihre Leistungsfähigkeit in NMR‐Experimenten mit Hochfeld‐DNP (DNP=Dynamic Nuclear Polarization, dynamische Kernpolarisation) im festen Zustand. Diese gemischtvalenten Verbindungen stellen eine Gruppe von Molekülen dar, bei denen die molekulare Mobilität auch in Festkörpern erhalten bleibt. Folglich können solche Polarisationsmittel unter günstigen Bedingungen für die dynamische Kernpolarisationsbildung bei ultrahohen Magnetfeldern verwendet werden, um Overhauser‐DNP‐Experimente im Festkörper durchzuführen.
Strukturelle und mechanistische Einblicke in die Bildung der C‐S‐Bindungen in Gliotoxin
Authors: Scherlach Kirstin , Kuttenlochner Wolfgang , Scharf Daniel H. , Brakhage Axel A. , Hertweck Christian , Groll Michael , Huber Eva M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlutathion‐S‐Transferasen (GSTs) entgiften gewöhnlich Fremdstoffe. Der Pilz Aspergillus fumigatus nutzt jedoch die GST GliG, um zwei Schwefelatome in seinen Virulenzfaktor Gliotoxin einzufügen. Wir beschreiben Strukturen von GliG mit Glutathion (GSH) sowie dem Reaktionsprodukt zyklo[‐l‐Phe‐l‐Ser]‐bis‐Glutathion, welches aus einem genetisch modifizierten Aspergillus‐fumigatus‐Stamm gewonnen wurde. Die Kristallstrukturen legen eine schrittweise Modifikation von zuerst dem von der Aminosäure Phe abgeleiteten und dann dem von Ser stammenden Anteil nahe. GSH wird dabei durch eine Enzym‐vermittelte Dehydratisierung des Substrates aktiviert. Das resultierende Anion wird über einen Helixdipol und ein gebundenes Wassermolekül für den anschließenden nukleophilen Angriff stabilisiert. Aktivitätsstudien mit mutierten Enzymvarianten bestätigen die Interaktionen von GliG mit den Liganden und bereichern unser Wissen über die enzymatische Bildung der C‐S‐Bindungen in Gliotoxin sowie Epipolythiodioxopiperazin (ETP)‐Verbindungen im Allgemeinen.
Oleogels of Some Plant Waxes: Characterization and Comparison with Sunflower Wax Oleogel
Authors: Yilmaz Emin , Keskin Uslu Eda , Öz Ceren 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to develop the oleogels of tea wax (TWO), rapeseed wax (RWO), orange peel wax (OWO), rose wax (RsWO), and beery wax (BWO), and to compare their properties with sunflower wax oleogel (SWO). Since the literature lacks most of these new oleogels, the gained information would be valuable. The wax oleogels were analyzed for their main physicochemical, thermal, structural, rheological, and sensory properties. The minimum gelation concentrations (C*) ranged from 1.0% (SWO) to 25% (RWO), with gelation times of 0.3–205 min, respectively. While polarized light microscopy images showed large crystal aggregates, X‐ray diffraction patterns proved the presence of β' polymorph crystals and some amorphous solids. Rheological analyses indicated that the samples had a weak‐gel structure, and were stable until around 30–70 °C temperatures. Further, the oleogel samples showed a thixotropic rheological behavior with force‐related recovery at 10 °C. Quantitative sensory descriptive analysis (QDA) proved that there were some differences among the samples for sensory hardness, spreadability, liquefaction, rancid, waxy, and cooling attributes. Also, tea aroma in TWO, bitterness in OWO, and rose aroma in RsWO were quite dominant. In conclusion, RWO and OWO seemed unsuitable for food applications due to very high C* and bitterness, while RsWO and BWO could be used in food formulations.