bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network intrusion detection system using deep neural networks
Authors: Maithem Mohammed , Al-sultany Ghadaa A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent decades, rapid development in the world of technology and networks has been achieved, also there is a spread of Internet services in all fields over the world. Piracy numbers have increased, also a lot of modern systems were penetrated, so the developing information security technologies to detect the new attack become an important requirement. One of the most important information security technologies is an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that uses machine learning and deep learning techniques to detect anomalies in the network. The main idea of this paper is to use an advanced intrusion detection system with high network performance to detect the unknown attack package, by using a deep neural network algorithm, also in this model, the attack detection is done by two ways (binary classification and multiclass classification). The proposed system has shown encouraging results in terms of the high accuracy (99.98% with multiclass classification and with binary classification).
Biometric identity Authentication System Using Hand Geometry Measurements
Authors: Mohammed Hesham Hashim , Baker Shatha A. , Nori Ahmed S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years hand geometric dependent biometric system has shown to be the quite acceptable biometric trait and suitable for security applications. It has been recognized as an effective means of authenticating identity in a variety of commercial applications as a result of better hardware and improved algorithms. This paper purpose a hand recognition system that extract 21 features for the right hand to identify and authorize persons. The system has two main parts, the first contain the data collection, explains the basic pre-processing required and how hand geometry characteristics like fingers length, width, coordinates of the base of the fingers, and palm width are extracted to derive the features used for discrimination, While the second part include the training and testing of three artificial neural networks to perform the recognition. After features extraction, the system uses three kinds of artificial neural networks in performing the recognition process, which are feed forward back propagation NN, Elman NN, and the cascade forward neural network NN. The proposed system shows that the Recognition Rate RR for the neural networks after testing were 95%, 92%, 88% respectively.
Thermo-Mechanical evaluation of differential calorimetric scanned factors for AD60 VHDPE polymer using OriginPro LabTM Analysis tool version 8.5.1: A review comprising novel experimental optimization approach
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Sudhakara  , Misra SK , Singh J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The objective of the present work is to provides a comprehensive overview on the thermal analysis of the virgin high-density polyethylene (VHDPE) graded AD60 material by means of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) equipments. In order to verify possible transformations in its molecular structure and change of phases present with the variation of temperature over time. Past literature results reported the testing-analysis of the samples which was carried out through 3 distinct cycles separated into 3 stages, the first of which the material will undergo a heating of the ambient temperature up to 178°C, at a rate of 10°C/min, the second stage a cooling from the temperature of 178°C at a temperature of 43°C, with a rate of 10°/min, and the third stage the test body will undergo a new heating from 43°C to 184°C with a rate of 10°C/min. As revealed from in-depth studies, results obtained from the thermograms for the seven samples of the high-density polyethylene for the three required cycles, showed approximate values, with variations in centesimal scales that can be disregarded if the slight variations have been analyzed in the air pressure that the equipment can present. With this, it was possible to conclude the values of the parameters of the crystallization temperature (Tc), the percentage of crystallinity (% C), Melt Temperature (Tm) and melting enthalpy change (ΔHfm).
A Review on DC-DC Converters with Photovoltaic System in DC Micro Grid
Authors: Radhika S , Margaret V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Photovoltaic system is the low-cost source of electrical power in high solar energy regions. The benefits of PV system are like nonpolluting and minimum maintenance. Solar energy changes as per irradiance and temperature and also one factor which reduces the power output is the partial shading in the cells. Hence f o r th, various algo rith ms a r e p u t fo rth to obta in t h e maximum power f r o m t h e PV arrangement and dc-dc converters intend to regulate the supply. The concept of micro grid is emerging as an excellent solution for inter connecting renewable energy sources and loads. DC micro grid is a necessity in today’s world. There is wide increase in usage of DC systems in commercial, residential and industrial systems. DC micro grids are dominant in reliability, control and efficiency. Direct current architectures will be used in demand in the future electrical distribution systems. This paper reviews on all above concepts to be used in DC micro grid for future DC applications.
Intelligent Car
Authors: Suryakailash R. , Rathinakumar P. , Atchaya S. , Sripriyadharshini L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
INTELLIGENT CAR (ICAR) is a car, developed on eye-tracking software using a camera. The ICAR the first Intelligent car that works with eye control and automatic driving. You can ride a car and move around where ever you want. The car drives Right, left, forward and stop using your eyes with the help of camera and coding. You need to sit facing the camera to control it. The main advantage is the car drives without any hassle in the roadways because of sensors i.e without any accidents/hitting any objects. It requires some hardware along with software along with a camera. Roads are easy and cost-effective for travelling through vehicles and walking people. Physically challenged people can also travel easily by I-Car, they need not call any person for help on the roads or depend on anyone to move from one place to another.
Circular Monopole Electromagnetic Band Gap Structured Antenna SLLOptimization using Heuristic
Authors: Aradhyula Raghavaraju , Rama Krishna T V , Madhav B T P , Rao M C , Bhavani T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Heuristic algorithmis used in the design of electromagnetic band gap structured circular monopole antenna. Design to parametric analysis and optimization with respect to bandwidth enhancement is presented in this work. The proposed algorithm has been compared with famous genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm and optimizedside lobe level has been reported in this work. The comparison between simulation and the measurement results matching is supporting the applicability of the work in real time communication modules.
Effective Microstrip Feed Line Length in Ultra-Wideband Responses and Wireless Applications
Authors: Mohan K N , Himaja Reddy K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this article, an effective feed line technique is used instead of DGS (Defected Ground Structure) and CSRR (Complimentary Split Ring Resonator) which are commonly used for achieving UWB (Ultra-Wideband Applications) responses. A classical antenna is designed for 2.4GHz frequency with a feedline of 180° electrical length. The resonance of proposed antenna responses as UWB and it has interesting current distributions through the patch antenna. This paper avoided all aspects of existing techniques which are proposed to achieve UWB.
An Effective Brain Tumor Detection from T1w MR Images Using Active Contour Segmentation Techniques
Authors: Babu KRajesh , Ksony  , Indira NDurga , Vara Prasad K , Shameem Syed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the medical imaging application, early detection of tumors from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images is a challenging task, it reduces the risk of human health and increases the chance of survival. The manual detection of brain tissue was requiring a lot of experience and time-consuming. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) scan helps to detect brain tumors in the early stage, and it has become a hot research topic in medical image processing. In this research article, an automated framework is presented intended to segment and extraction of brain tumors of MRI images in an efficient manner. In this work, three primary steps are involved in the suggested brain tumor segmentation system including pre-processing, image thresholding, and segmentation. This article focusses on to study the accurate brain tumor segmentation system by comparing the level set (LSM) and Chan-vese (C-V) techniques. All the experiments are conducted on Harvard datasets to validate the performance of both methods. The performance of the algorithms was calculated in terms of dice coefficient (DC), Hausdorff distance (HD), and Jaccard similarity index (JSI). It has been observed that KIFCM has performed better than the other clustering methods and Chan-Vase has shown better performance in tumor detection on selected datasets. The overall work shows that the presented framework outer performs for the detection of brain tumors with minimum distance error and loss of information over existingmethods.
Evaluation and Implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization Maximumpower Point Tracking Technique for Photo Voltaic System
Authors: Kumari Pamula Raja , Bojja Polaiah , Pragathi B. , Prasanth kumar reddy T , Vijaya Lakshmi P 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe power generated from the solar PV panels by photovoltaic effect is varying on the particular day. To extract the peak power from the solar panels maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are developed. The demerits of conventional MPPT techniques are slow tracking of the peak point and inaccurate setting of the peak operating voltage point VMPP. The paper proposes the various MPPT techniques and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) MPPT technique. The proposed PSO-MPPT technique improves the productivityand performance of the system. The comparison of various MPPT algorithms based on the performance characteristics are discussed in the paper. The proposed particle swarm optimization MPPT algorithm is efficient, simple and accurate which increases the panel power, by controlling the duty cycle of the switching pulse in the DC converter section under varying weather conditions. The proposed particle swarm optimization MPPT technique is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Design and Implementation of Smart Energy Meter using LoRa-WAN and IoT Applications
Authors: Kanakaraja P , Upadhyay Sourabh , Kotamraju Sarat K , Venkata Sai Suneela G , Neelesh Rudra 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the day to day life in the present world where we are using vast technology, power is the most important term to deal for any Digital system to work, so it is as important to calculate the power we are consuming for our needs as anything over may drain one, so to know the power consumed from anywhere here we are dealing with smart energy meter using LoRa-WAN and IoT Applications, LoRa stands for Long Range, the name itself states that it deals with long range communication with the low power consumption working on batteries for years, In the IoT applications the range of the communication is the most important factor, as in IoT most of the Wi-Fi based systems needs to have many access points to cover the large area hence there is increment in the expenses for the system to integrate, by adding the unit of LoRa to the described design we can enhance the system to long range to several locations within that prescribed range as a LoRa can handle many nodes, the main theme of the LoRa is to promote the Bi-directional communication, all the data collected is stored in the Gateway and sent to the cloud server where you can access the data from anywhere through the mobile phone or PC and device, by installing the demanding version of software on your Gadget. AS we can see that in our real time we are using 4G network where transmitted bits or more, in the concept of LoRa the transmitted bits or less, by which we can overcome the disadvantage of the 4G/GSM networks, as of now as there is a huge loss to the telecommunication industries due to this they are switching to the LoRa.
Missing information in the Universe as a dark matter candidate based on the mass-energy-information equivalence principle
Authors: Džaferović-Mašić E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There are several theoretical models proposing dark matter candidates as well as different experimental searches for dark matter, collider, and non-collider ones. One of the most intriguing dark matter candidates is missing information in the cosmos. This is based on the mass-energy-information equivalence principle presented by M Vopson [1]. This review presents the historical development of this principle from its roots in the 1960s when Landauer principle was firstly presented to the latest data on the estimated value of the mass of one bit of information as well as data on missing energy as potential dark matter. Another theoretical discussion presented here is the reformulation of the second law of thermodynamics as a possible step to great unification. In addition to this theoretical postulation with a mathematical presentation focusing on statistics, we present some of the proposed experiments in this field. Two major proposals are in the direction of using an ultra-accurate balance with measurement uncertainty low enough to be comparable with proposed theoretical limits, and originally developed sensitive interferometer similar to the one in LIGO experiment.
Comparison of emission signals for different polarizations in femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: WANG Qiuyun , CHEN Anmin , LIU Miao , LIU Yitong , LI Qingxue , LI Suyu , JIANG Yuanfei , GAO Xun , JIN Mingxing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, a femtosecond laser was focused to ablate brass target and generate plasma emission in air. The influence of lens to sample distance (LTSD) on spectral emission of brass plasma under linearly and circularly polarized pulses with different pulse energies was investigated. The results indicated that the position with the strongest spectral emission moved toward focusing lens with increasing the energy. At the same laser energy, the line emission under circularly polarized pulse was stronger compared with linearly polarized pulse for different LTSDs. Next, electron temperature and density of the plasma were obtained with Cu (I) lines, indicating that the electron temperature and density under circularly polarized pulse were higher compared to that under linearly polarized pulse. Therefore, changing the laser polarization is a simple and effective way to improve the spectral emission intensity of femtosecond laser-induced plasma.
Semi-waves with Λ-shaped free boundary for nonlinear Stefan problems: Existence
Authors: Du Yihong , Gui Changfeng , Wang Kelei , Zhou Maolin 
Published: March 2021

We show that for a monostable, bistable or combustion type of nonlinear function

f
(
u
)

f(u)

, the Stefan problem
\[

{

a
m
p
;

u
t

−
Δ
u
=
f
(
u
)
,

u
>
0

a
m
p
;

a
m
p
;
for

x
∈
Ω
(
t
)
⊂

R

n
+
1

,

a
m
p
;
u
=
0

and

u
t

=
μ

|

∇
x

u

|

2

a
m
p
;

a
m
p
;
for

x
∈
∂
Ω
(
t
)
,

\left \{ \begin {aligned} &u_t-\Delta u=f(u),\; u>0 & &\text {for}~~x\in \Omega (t)\subset \mathbb {R}^{n+1},\\ & u=0~\text {and}~u_t=\mu |\nabla _x u|^2 && \text {for}~~x\in \partial \Omega (t), \end {aligned} \right .

\]
has a traveling wave solution whose free boundary is

Λ
\Lambda

-shaped, and whose speed is

κ
\kappa

, where

κ
\kappa

can be any given positive number satisfying

κ
>

κ
∗

\kappa >\kappa _*

, and

κ
∗

\kappa _*

is the unique speed for which the above Stefan problem has a planar traveling wave solution. To distinguish it from the usual traveling wave solutions, we call it a semi-wave solution. In particular, if

α
∈
(
0
,
π

/

2
)

\alpha \in (0, \pi /2)

is determined by

sin
⁡
α
=

κ
∗

/

κ

\sin \alpha =\kappa _*/\kappa

, then for any finite set of unit vectors

{

ν
i

:
1
≤
i
≤
m
}
⊂

R

n

\{\nu _i: 1\leq i\leq m\}\subset \mathbb R^n

, there is a

Λ
\Lambda

-shaped semi-wave with traveling speed

κ
\kappa

, with traveling direction

−

e

n
+
1

=
(
0
,
.
.
.
,
0
,
−
1
)
∈

R

n
+
1

-e_{n+1}=(0,...,0, -1)\in \mathbb {R}^{n+1}

, and with free boundary given by a hypersurface in

R

n
+
1

\mathbb {R}^{n+1}

of the form
\[

x

n
+
1

=
ϕ
(

x
1

,
.
.
.
,

x
n

)
=

Φ
∗

(

x
1

,
.
.
.
,

x
n

)
)
+
O
(
1
)
as

|

(

x
1

,
.
.
.
,

x
n

)

|

→
∞
,

x_{n+1}=\phi (x_1,..., x_n)=\Phi ^*(x_1,...,x_n))+O(1)\text { as }|(x_1,..., x_n)|\to \infty ,

\]
where
\[

Φ
∗

(

x
1

,
.
.
.
,

x
n

)

≔

−

[

max

1
≤
i
≤
m

ν
i

⋅
(

x
1

,
.
.
.
,

x
n

)
]

cot
⁡
α

\Phi ^*(x_1,..., x_n)\colonequals - \left [\max _{1\leq i\leq m} \nu _i\cdot (x_1,..., x_n)\right ]\cot \alpha

\]
is a solution of the eikonal equation

|

∇
Φ

|

=
cot
⁡
α

|\nabla \Phi |=\cot \alpha

on

R

n

\mathbb R^n

.
Dietary Habits and Medications to Control Hypertension Among Women of Child-Bearing Age in the United States from 2001 to 2016
Authors: Kovell Lara C , Maxner Benjamin , Ayturk Didem , Moore Simas Tiffany A , Harrington Colleen M , McManus David D , Gardiner Paula , Aurigemma Gerard P , Juraschek Stephen P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Hypertension (HTN) in pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States. Although the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for all adults with HTN, rates of DASH adherence and antihypertensive medication use in women of child-bearing age are unknown. Our objectives were to determine DASH adherence and antihypertensive medication use in women of child-bearing age.

Methods
In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2001 to 2016, we estimated DASH adherence among women of child-bearing age (20–50 years). We derived a DASH score (0–9) based on 9 nutrients, with DASH adherence defined as DASH score ≥4.5. HTN was defined by blood pressure (BP) ≥130/80 mm Hg or antihypertensive medication use. DASH scores were compared across BP categories and antihypertensive medication use was categorized.

Results
Of the 7,782 women, the mean age (SE) was 32.8 (0.2) years, 21.4% were non-Hispanic Black, and 20.3% had HTN. The mean DASH score was 2.11 (0.06) for women with self-reported HTN and 2.40 (0.03) for women with normal BP (P &lt; 0.001). DASH adherence was prevalent in 6.5% of women with self-reported HTN compared with 10.1% of women with normal BP (P &lt; 0.05). Self-reported HTN is predominantly managed with medications (84.8%), while DASH adherence has not improved in these women from 2001 to 2016. Moreover, 39.5% of US women of child-bearing age are taking medications contraindicated in pregnancy.

Conclusions
Given the benefits of optimized BP during pregnancy, this study highlights the critical need to improve DASH adherence and guide prescribing among women of child-bearing age.
Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of a 1060-nm Diode Laser for Non-Invasive Fat Reduction of the Abdomen
Authors: Kislevitz Mikaela , Wamsley Christine , Kang Alison , Kilmer Suzanne , Hoopman John , Barillas Jennifer , Kenkel Jeffrey M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite the proven efficacy of liposuction, there is a population of patients who prefer non-surgical alternatives. Laser hyperthermia-induced lipolysis has emerged as one non-invasive alternative to liposuction.

Objectives
The authors sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 1060-nm (±10 nm) diode laser for non-invasive fat reduction of the abdomen.

Methods
This single-arm, 2-center study enrolled 30 patients. Patients received a 25-minute 1060-nm diode laser treatment on their abdomen. Ultrasound adipose measurements, body weight, and circumference were taken at baseline and at 6- and 12-week follow-up visits. Blinded evaluators identified “before” and “after” photos of each patient. A patient satisfaction questionnaire was completed by each patient at study exit.

Results
A total 29 patients completed all treatment and follow-up visits. Ultrasound images showed an adipose reduction of 8.55% at 12 weeks post-treatment (P &lt; 0.0001). Blinded evaluators correctly identified 67% of the pre- and post-treatment images at site 01 (Sacramento, CA) and 56% at site 02 (Dallas, TX). Satisfaction was high, with 72% of patients reporting being either “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with their results on a 5-point Likert scale. Pain was rated as mild by 62% of patients, moderate by 38%, and severe by none on the Wong-Baker Scale.

Conclusions
These results indicate that a single treatment with a 1060-nm (±10 nm) diode laser, per the treatment protocol, is safe and effective in reducing unwanted fat in the abdomen as objectively measured employing ultrasound. The treatment was well-tolerated among all patients, with minimal discomfort reported and high patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence: 4
KibioR & Kibio: a new architecture for next-generation data querying and sharing in big biology
Authors: Ongaro-Carcy Régis , Scott-Boyer Marie-Pier , Dessemond Adrien , Belleau François , Leclercq Mickael , Périn Olivier , Droit Arnaud 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Motivation
The growing production of massive heterogeneous biological data offers opportunities for new discoveries. However, performing multi-omics data analysis is challenging, and researchers are forced to handle the ever-increasing complexity of both data management and evolution of our biological understanding. Substantial efforts have been made to unify biological datasets into integrated systems. Unfortunately, they are not easily scalable, deployable and searchable, locally or globally.

Results
This publication presents two tools with a simple structure that can help any data provider, organization or researcher, requiring a reliable data search and analysis base. The first tool is Kibio, a scalable and adaptable data storage based on Elasticsearch search engine. The second tool is KibioR, a R package to pull, push and search Kibio datasets or any accessible Elasticsearch-based databases. These tools apply a uniform data exchange model and minimize the burden of data management by organizing data into a decentralized, versatile, searchable and shareable structure. Several case studies are presented using multiple databases, from drug characterization to miRNAs and pathways identification, emphasizing the ease of use and versatility of the Kibio/KibioR framework.

Availabilityand implementation
Both KibioR and Elasticsearch are open source. KibioR package source is available at https://github.com/regisoc/kibior and the library on CRAN at https://cran.r-project.org/package=kibior.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.