bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Uterine Fibroids in Women in Eastern Siberia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Atalyan Alina , Suturina Larisa , Nadeliaeva Iana , Lazareva Liudmila , Sharifulin Eldar , Danusevich Irina 
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to determine uterine fibroids (UF) prevalence in the unselected (medically unbiased) female population in the Eastern Siberia region, Russia, and to evaluate the significant risk factors.	Methods and Results: The study included 2389 women aged from 18 to 80 yrs (mean age of 42.8±11.9 yrs). Subjects were evaluated consecutively by means of questionnaires, anthropometry, vital signs, gynecological examination, and pelvic ultrasound. We demonstrated 26.41% UF prevalence in the unselected female population from Eastern Siberia. We found that the single nodules predominate among all fibroids, with the types 3–5 and the size of either ≤1 cm or ≥4 cm as the most frequent variants. Our study confirmed that the prevalence of fibroids increases with age. The incidence of fibroids is significantly lower in women with the age at menarche of 15 years. We also have found that a BMI of more than 25 kg/m2, more than 4 pregnancies, and late menopause are risk factors for the development of fibroids.
The Effect of Low Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy on the Metabolic Processes of Women and Their Alcohol-Exposed Babies
Authors: Marianian Anait , Darenskaya Marina , Grebenkina Lyudmila , Protopopova Natalia , Kolesnikova Lubov 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of low or very low amounts of alcohol consumption on the LPO-AOD systems of pregnant women and their infants after birth, and the effect of that exposure on infant, growth, health, and development.	Methods and Results: A sample of 201 pregnant women (mother-child dyads) was recruited for the study. Pregnant women were categorized into three groups according to the amount of alcohol they consume: 1) non-drinking, 2) very low drinking, and 3) low drinking. Small amounts of alcohol consumption caused dysfunction of the LPO-AOD system and the development of OS in women, and had negative effects on infants.	The biomarkers of potentially harmful LPO, such as TBARs, were higher in very low and low drinking mothers. The activity of the AOD system was lower among mothers who drank alcohol. Alcohol consumption decreased levels of retinol, SOD activity, GSH, and GR activity. Higher rates of pathological conditions, delayed development, and slower growth were observed among infants who were prenatally exposed to alcohol.	Conclusion:	Identification and preventive interventions are needed for pregnant women who use alcohol in any amount.
Subjective Assessment of Stress and its Relationship with Neuroendocrine Mechanisms of its Development in Obstetricians-Gynecologists against the Background of Professional Burnout
Authors: Kuzmin Mikhail , Tyumentseva Darya , Rashidova Maria , Sholokhov Leonid , Marianian Anait 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this сase-control study was to investigate the factors of subjective assessment of stress and their relationship with neuroendocrine mechanisms of its development in obstetricians-gynecologists against the background of professional burnout.	Methods and Results: A total of 96 physicians and nurses from the different clinics specializing in both obstetrics and gynecology were surveyed. The Russian versions of MBI, BDI, SF-12, FFMQ, MAAS, and Coping strategies (the Ways of Coping Checklist) were applied. Blood serum/plasma was tested on the concentration of hormones (DHEA-C and TSH), melatonin, serotonin, and dopamine. Saliva cortisol was also estimated. In the present study, 43.75% of the physicians and nurses showed a high degree of burnout, which was comparable to that among physicians and nurses in other studies. Physicians and nurses with a high degree of burnout had more expressed coping strategies like Confrontive coping, Distancing, Self-controlling, Seeking social support and Escape-avoidance. Also, they have more expressed level of depressive manifestations. We found significant correlations between some factors of subjective assessment of stress (like coping and mindfulness) and neuroendocrine biomarkers. Adaptive coping like Planful problem-solving correlated negatively with the level of melatonin, and subscales of the mindfulness questionnaire were correlated negatively with levels of some biomarkers. Thus, we concluded that coping strategies and mindfulness could theoretically contribute to a decrease in the secretion of several hormones.	Conclusion: Physicians and nurses with a low degree of burnout have a greater level of mindfulness and a lower level of some maladaptive coping strategies – Confrontive coping, Distancing, Escape-avoidance. Our results focus on the predictive role of these factors of subjective assessment of stress, in particular, Confrontive coping and mindfulness, in burnout syndrome. The present data confirm that there are some psychological and physiological aspects related to stress in the medical profession.
How Digitization Lowers Oil & Gas Industry Break Even Cost
Authors: Dufour Sebastien , Sharma Rajesh D. 
Published: December 2021

The Oil&Gas industry has experienced three price crises over the past twelve years. Swings in the key variables of politics, economy and technology affect supply and demand dynamics and consequently oil prices. The rise of unconventional sources brought the industry into a recurrent surplus of supply, putting pressure on prices and the combination of a supply shock, shortage of storage and an unprecedent demand drop brought prices to a 30-years low in April 2020.
Although volatile oil prices make it challenging for oil companies to manage their markets, the silver lining in low oil prices is that it forced the industry to focus on rendering their internal operations more efficient. O&G producers cut their costs dramatically to remain profitable. The industry embarked on an optimization path and consequently accelerated the adoption of digital transformation. The COVID-19 crisis along with increasing societal pressure has only been a catalyzer to this digital transformation, unlocking significant operational improvements and reducing carbon emissions.
According to the latest Rystad Energy analysis average breakeven price dropped 35% between 2014 and 2018, and an additional 10% over the last 2 years, to a $50 breakeven price per barrel.
Double Casing Exit for Side-Track to Commingle Two Borehole Sizes Based Sections in One Slim Shot to Well TD
Authors: Al-Khaldi Meshal , Al-Saadi Dhari , Al-Ajmi Mohammad , Dutta Abhijit , Elafify Ibrahim , Farhi Nadir , Nouh Walid 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This project began when a 9-5/8" in 43.5 ppf production casing became inaccessible due to the existing cemented pipe inside, preventing further reservoir section exposure and necessitating a mechanical side-track meanwhile introducing the challenge of loosing one section and imposimg slim hole challenges. The size and weight of the double-casing made for challenging drilling, as did the eight very different formations, which were drilled. The side-track was accomplished in two steps, an 8½ in hole followed by a single long 6⅛ in section, rather than the three steps (16 in, 12¼ in, 8½ in) that are typically required.
The optimal kick off point carfully located across the dual casing by running electromagnetic diagnostics, the casing collar locator, and the cement bond log. The double casing mill was carefully tailored to successfully accomplish the exit in one run. Moreover, an extra 26 ft. MD rathole was drilled, which helped to eliminate the mud motor elongation run. A rotary steerable system was utilized directly in a directional BHA to drill an 8½ in open hole building section from vertical to a 30⁰ inclination. A 7.0 in liner was then set to isolate weak zones at the equivalent depth of the outer casing (13-3/8"). Subsequently, a single 6⅛ in section was drilled to the well TD through the lower eight formations.
Drilling a 6⅛ in section through eight formations came with a variety of challenges. These formations have different challenging behaviors relative to the wellbore pressure that typically leads to the drilling being done in two sections. Modeling the geo-mechanical characteristics of each formation allowed the determination of a mud weight range and rheology that would stabilize the wellbore through all eight formations. The slim, 6⅛ in, hole was stabilized with higher equivalent circulating density (ECD) values than is typically used in larger boreholes. Optimizing mud weight and drilling parameters, while managing differential sticking with close monitoring of real-time ECD, helped to stabilize the high-pressurized zones to deliver the well to the desired TD with a single borehole.
This project represents the first time in Kuwait that double casings in such large sizes have been cut and sidetracked. It is also the first time these eight formations have been cut across such a smaller hole size, slim hole (6⅛ in) in a single shot. Geo-mechanical modeling allowed us to stabilize the pressurized formations and to control the ECD. The well also deployed the longest production liner in the field commingling multiple reservoirs with differnt pore pressure ramps, with excellent cement quality providing optimal zonal isolation.
Mapping Trends and Hot-spots of Virtual Simulation Research in Nursing: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Jia , Liu Jing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Virtual simulation has been widely used in nursing education and nursing training. This study aims to characterize the publications in terms of countries, institutions, journals, authors, collaboration relationships, and analyze the trends of virtual simulation in nursing research.Methods: Publications regarding virtual simulation in nursing were retrieved from Web of Science core collection. Microsoft Excel 2010, VOSviewer were used to characterize the contributions of the authors, journals, institutions, and countries. The trends, hot-spots and knowledge network were analyzed by Citespace and VOSviewer.Results: We identified 611 papers between 1999 and 2021. The number of publications grew slowly until 2019, after that, it got a sharp increase in 2020 and 2021. The USA, Canada and Australia were three key contributors to this field. Centennial College, University of Ottawa, and Ryerson University were three major institutions with a larger number of publications. Verkuyl M was the most productive and highest cited author. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, Nurse Education Today, Journal of Nursing Education were the three productive journals. "virtual patients," "nursing students," "clinical simulation," and "communication skills" were the frontier topics in recent years.Conclusion: Using the Virtual patients to train nursing students, developing more reliable and objective assessment methods to validate learning outcomes might be the recent and future hot-topics.
Comparison of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics between Symptomatic Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke using High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Lu Mingming , Zhang Lichen , Yuan Fei , Peng Peng , Zhang Hongtao , Liu Shitong , He Yao , Cai Jianming , Zhao Xihai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background:This study aimed to compare the characteristics of carotid plaques between patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and ischemic stroke using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.Methods：Patients with a recent ischemic stroke or TIA who exhibited atherosclerotic plaques of carotid arteries in the symptomatic sides determined by MR vessel wall imaging were recruited. The plaque morphology and compositions including intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), lipid-rich necrotic-core (LRNC) and calcification were compared between TIA and stroke patients. Logistic regression was performed to relate the plaque characteristics to the types of ischemic events.Results:A total of 270 patients with TIA or ischemic stroke were recruited. Stroke patients had significantly higher prevalence of diabetes (42.2% vs. 28.2%, p=0.021), greater mean wall area (35.1 ± 10.1 mm2 vs. 32.0 ± 7.7 mm2, p = 0.004), mean wall thickness (1.3 ± 0.2 mm vs. 1.2 ± 0.2 mm, p=0.001), maximum normalized wall index (NWI)(63.9% ± 6.0% vs. 62.2% ± 5.9%, p=0.023) and %volume of LRNC (9.7%± 8.2% vs. 7.4% ±7.9%, p=0.025) in carotid arteries compared to those with TIA. After adjusted for clinical factors, above characteristics of carotid arteries were significantly associated with the type of ischemic events. After further adjusted for maximum NWI, this association remained statistically significant (OR, 1.41; CI, 1.01-1.96; p=0.041).Conclusions:Ischemic stroke patients had larger plaque burden and greater proportion of LRNC in carotid plaques compared to those with TIA. This study suggests that ischemic stroke patients had more vulnerable plaques compared to those with TIA.
Optimization of Hexagonal Boron-Doped Silicate Photonic Crystal Fiber To Obtain Near Zero Flattened Dispersion For Nonlinear Waves By Finite Difference Method
Authors: Dixit Achyutesh , Tiwari S. , Vyas Ajay Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Pandey Atul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The B2O3-doped silicate photonic crystal fiber (PCF) containing small core and dielectric rods made of lead silicate SF57 has been most intensively investigated for different pump signals centered at 0.65 mm, communication band. This type of doping has been carried out to significantly diminish the upgraded refractive index of silica which enhances special capabilities that lead to an outstanding potential to PCF for the profoundly intense field in the optical Kerr effect. In this paper, the mode analysis has been done by solving a nonlinear wave equation for a Gaussian input beam using the finite difference method under analytical boundary conditions. Numerical results reveal that very minute doping of B2O3 is enough in giving prolonged confinement of beam with flattened dispersion due to ultra-low change in nonlinear behaviour.
Investigation of Target Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 and Immunogenic Profiling in Host Cells of COVID-19 in Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Tham , Vu Giang , Tran Mai , Vo Nam , Le Quang , Tran Trang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: A global pandemic has been declared for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has serious impacts on human health and healthcare systems in the affected areas, including Vietnam. None of the previous studies have a framework to provide summary statistics of the virus variants and assess the severity associated with virus proteins and host cells in COVID-19 patients in Vietnam.
Method: In this paper, we comprehensively investigated SARS-CoV-2 variants and immune responses in COVID-19 patients in Vietnam. We provided summary statistics of a target sequence of SARS-CoV-2 for data scientists to use in downstream analysis for therapeutic targets. For host cells, we proposed a predictive model of the severity of COVID-19 based on public datasets of hospitalization status in Vietnam, incorporating a polygenic risk score. This score uses immunogenic SNP biomarkers as indicators of COVID-19 severity.
Result: We identified that the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 is most prevalent in southern areas of Vietnam and it is different from other areas in the world using various data sources. Our predictive models of COVID-19 severity had high accuracy (Random Forest AUC = 0.81, Elastic Net AUC = 0.7, and SVM AUC = 0.69) and showed that the use of polygenic risk scores increased the models’ predictive capabilities.
Conclusion: We provided a comprehensive analysis for COVID-19 severity in Vietnam. This investigation is not only helpful for COVID-19 treatment in therapeutic target studies, but also could influence further research on the disease progression and personalized clinical outcomes.
Intestinal Recruitment of CCR6-Expressing Th17 Cells By Suppressing miR-681 Alleviates Endotoxemia-Induced Intestinal Injury And Reduces Mortality
Authors: Gu Liwen , Jiang Jie , Liu Zhigang , Liu Qiangqiang , Liao Jinli , Zeng Qingli , Chen Chuanxi , Liu Zhihao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSepsis or endotoxemia can induce intestinal dysfunction in the epithelial and immune barrier. Th17 cells, a distinct subset of CD4+ T-helper cells, act as “border patrol” in the intestine under pathological condition and in the previous studies, Th17 cells exhibited an ambiguous function in intestinal inflammation. Our study will explore a specific role of Th17 cells and its relevant mechanism in endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury.MethodsLipopolysaccharide was used to establish mouse model of endotoxemia. miR-681 was analyzed by RT-PCR and northern blot analysis and its regulation by HIF-1α was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay. Intestinal Th17 cells isolated from endotoxemic mice were quantitatively evaluated by flow cytometry and its recruitment to the intestine controlled by miR-681/CCR6 pathway was assessed by using anti-miRNA treatment and CCR6 knockout mice. Intestinal histopathology, villus length, intestinal inflammation, intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation and survival were investigated, by histology and TUNEL analysis, ELISA, measurement of diamine oxidase, bacterial culture, with or without anti-miR-681 treatment in endotoxemic wild-type and (or) CCR6 knockout mice.ResultsIn this study, we found that miR-681 was significantly promoted in intestinal Th17 cells during endotoxemia, which was dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Interestingly, miR-681 could directly suppress CCR6, which was a critical modulator for Th17 cell recruitment to the intestines. In vivo, anti-miR-681 enhanced survival, increased number of intestinal Th17 cells, reduced crypt and villi apoptosis, decreased intestinal inflammation and bacterial translocation, resulting in protection against endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury in mice. However, CCR6 deficiency could neutralize the beneficial effect of anti-miR-681 on the intestine during endotoxemia, suggesting that the increment of intestinal Th17 cells caused by anti-miR-681 relies on CCR6 expression. ConclusionThe results of the study indicate that control of intestinal Th17 cells by regulating novel miR-681/CCR6 signaling attenuates endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury.
Impact of Ocular Residual Astigmatism On Anterior Corneal Astigmatism In Children With Low And Moderate Myopia
Authors: Lin Jian , An Dexiang , Lu Yun , Yan Dongmei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: To assess the influence of ocular residual astigmatism to anterior corneal astigmatism in children with low and moderate myopia.Methods: Refractive astigmatism was obtained by subjective manifest refraction. Anterior corneal astigmatism was obtained by IOL Master. Using Thibos vector analysis to calculate ocular residual astigmatism. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism. The influence of ocular residual astigmatism to anterior corneal astigmatism was evaluated by Physical method.Results: The study analyzed 241 right eyes of 241 children aged 8 to 18 years old. In this study, the median magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism was 1.02 D, with interquartile range was 0.58 D. Against-the-rule ocular residual astigmatism was seen in 232 eyes (96.3%). There was a significant and moderate correlation between ocular residual astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism (r = 0.50, P < 0.001). The ocular residual astigmatism in 240 eyes (99.6%) had a compensatory effects on anterior corneal astigmatism. The mean compensation value was 1.00 ± 0.41 D (rang 0.02 D to 2.34 D). Based on this effect, 37 eyes had different axial classification of anterior corneal astigmatism and refractive astigmatism. By contrast, one eye (0.4%) had oblique ocular residual astigmatism and superimposed with-the-rule anterior corneal astigmatism.Conclusions: The magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism was relatively huge in myopia children and predominantly compensated anterior corneal astigmatism. The ocular residual astigmatism should be assessed first before fitting orthokeratology.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis for Low Back Pain Among Occupational Groups in Key Industries of China
Authors: JIA Ning , ZHANG Meibian , Zhang Huadong , Ling Ruijie , Liu Yimin , Li Gang , YIN Yan , SHAO Hua , ZHANG Hengdong , QIU Bing , Li Dongxia , WANG Dayu , ZENG Qiang , WANG Rugang , CHEN Jianchao , ZHANG Danying , MEI Liangying , Fang Xinglin , LIU Yongquan , LIU Jixiang , ZHANG Chengyun , LI Tianlai , XU Qing , QU Ying , ZHANG Xueyan , SUN Xin , WANG Zhongxu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: With the acceleration of industrialization and the growth of population aging, LBP has become the main disease of life loss caused by disability, which brings huge economic burden to society and is a global public health problem that needs to be solved urgently. The purpose of this study is to carry out epidemiological investigation and research on a large sample of people in key industries in different regions of China, to find out the incidence and distribution characteristics of LBP in key industries in China, to explore the epidemic law, and to provide reference basis for alleviating the global public health problems caused by LBP.Methods: This study adopts the modified epidemiological cross-sectional survey method and the stratified cluster sampling method. From the representative enterprises in key industries in seven regions of North China, East China, central China, South China, southwest, northwest and Northeast China, all workers on duty and fulfill the criteria are taken as the research objects. The Chinese version of musculoskeletal disease questionnaire modified by a standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to collect information, and a total of 57501 valid questionnaires were received. Descriptive statistics were used and multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05) was performed to explore the associations between musculoskeletal disorders and potential risk factors.Results: The annual incidence of LBP in key industries or workers in China is 16.4%. There was significant difference in the incidence of LBP among occupational groups in different industries (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate regression model show that always make the same movements with your trunk, working in the same positions at a high pace, trunk position, always turn round with your trunk, often work overtime, lift heavy loads (more than 20 kg), education level, staff shortage, working age (years), cigarette smoking, use vibration tools at work Body mass index (BMI), lift heavy loads (more than 5 kg) and age (years) were risk factors for LBP. Physical exercise, standing often at work and absolute resting time are protective factors.Conclusion: The incidence of LBP in key industries or workers in China is high. It is urgent to take relevant measures according to individual, occupational and psychosocial factors of LBP to reduce the adverse impact of LBP on workers' health.