bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID-19 on supply chains: lessons learned and future research directions
Authors: Gupta Rohit , Rathore Bhawana , Biswas Baidyanath 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study aims to review and organize the research articles which focused on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the supply chain (SC) domain through a bibliometric and network analysis.Design/methodology/approachInitially, a total of 772 research articles with selected keywords were retrieved from the Scopus database for the year 2020 (with the commencement of COVID-19 outbreak). After the filtration and refinement, 484 research articles were found relevant and unique. Further, this study systematically reviews and evaluates the 484 research articles including influential authors, keys journals, influential research work, and collaboration among the countries and institutes with the help of bibliometric analysis tool. The emergent research clusters are identified and established.FindingsThe findings reveal that the total number of related publications are steadily growing with the United States leading the way. European countries have made notable accomplishments as well. In addition, both the most cited publications and the keyword distribution provide research guidance for future research.Practical implicationsThis study focuses on the need and advancement of the literature on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on SCs to frame a research agenda for researchers and practitioners.Originality/valueThe present study offers future research directions in the area of SC under the pandemic situation.
Does employees' perception towards mobile human resource management application quality affect usage intention? A moderated-mediation analysis
Authors: Shankar Amit 
Published: October 2021

PurposeMobile human resource management application (mHRM app) has emerged as an innovative solution to manage human resources. However, the performance of the application is questionable, and hence, it is crucial to know employees' perception towards it. This study aims to explore employees' perceived service quality towards mHRM app using the moderated-mediation framework.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 265 Indian HR professionals using online questionnaire. The proposed hypotheses were examined using structural equation modelling and PROCESS Macro.FindingsResults indicate that navigation and contact significantly affect employees' mHRM usage behaviour. Results also indicate that perceived values significantly mediates the association between perceived service quality and mHRM usage behaviour.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study will help organisations in enhancing their employees' perceived service quality towards mHRM app.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on human resource management, total quality management and cognitive-motivational-relational (CMR) theory.
Financial inclusion in north-eastern region: an investigation in the state of Assam
Authors: Maity Sudarshan , Sahu Tarak Nath 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Access to finance, especially by the poor and marginalized section of the population, is a prerequisite for creating employment opportunities, economic growth, poverty reduction and social cohesion. Access to finance makes transactions quicker, cheaper and safer. Most people around the world having an account in a formal financial institution serve as an entry point into formal financial sector. This study aims to analyze the status of financial inclusion in Assam with respect to demographic penetration, geographic penetration and usage ratio, i.e. credit–deposit ratio.

Design/methodology/approach
The study covers a period of 12 years from 2007–08 to 2018–19. Both the parametric and non-parametric statistical tools have been used to analyze the various dimensions of financial inclusion.

Findings
The study clearly indicates that there is a significant difference between Assam and aggregate India in financial inclusion and the status of Assam is somewhat lower as compared to the aggregate financial inclusion status of India. To achieve a satisfactory level of financial inclusion, it is not enough to open a bank account for the excluded people, but banks must look at flexibility and timeliness in services to offer a complete package to this segment of the population.

Originality/value
The study is a significant attempt to meet the shortcomings and improve banking coverage for achieving financial inclusion.
Clinical utility of liquid biopsy in breast cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Duque Galo , Manterola Carlos , Otzen Tamara , Arias Cristina , Galindo Bryan , Mora Miriann , Guerrero Enmanuel , García Nayeli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdvancements in genetic sequencing techniques along with the identification of specific mutations and structural changes in multiple cancer genes, make it possible to identify circulating tumor cells and cell free nucleic acids as blood‐based biomarkers, serving as a liquid biopsy (LB) with great utility for the diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of patients with neoplasms. This systematic review focuses on the clinical utility of LB in patients with breast cancer (BC). Articles published between 1990 and 2021 were included. Databases searched: Trip Database, WoS, EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Clinical Keys. Variables studied: Publication year, country, number of cases, primary study design, LB detection methods, genes found, overall survival, disease‐free survival, stage, response to treatment, clinical utility, BC molecular type, systemic treatment and methodological quality of primary studies. Of 2619 articles, 74 were retained representing 12 658 patients, mainly cohort studies (66.2%), the majority were from China (15%) and Japan (12.2%). All primary studies described clinical stage and type of systemic treatment used. Most used biomarker detection method: DNA (52.7%) and type of analysis: quantification of total cfDNA (35.1%). PIK3CA mutation was most frequent (62.9%). Evidence suggests clinically useful applications of BC. Though heterogeneous, publications suggest that LB will constitute part of the standard diagnostic‐therapeutic process of BC.
The utility of the exoscope compared to the operating microscope in simulated temporal bone surgery
Authors: Lloyd Simon K. W. , Stapleton Emma J. , Green Kevin , Nichani Jaya , Wagh Pournima , Freeman Simon R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo objectively assess the utility of an exoscope during simulated otological surgery.DesignCohort study.SettingTertiary referral otolaryngology centre.ParticipantsSeven experienced otologists undertook simulated temporal bone surgery on plastic temporal bones using the Zeiss Kinevo microscope with both a microscope and exoscope facility.Outcome measuresThe utility of microscope and exoscope was compared using a Likert scale from 1 to 10 with and without PPE. Attributes assessed included image quality, depth perception, adequacy of view, exoscope positioning, surgeon comfort, surgeon safety and adequacy of image and protection for assistants and observers.ResultsThe exoscope in 3D mode performed as well as or better than the microscope for image quality, field of view and manoeuvrability. It outperformed the microscope for compatibility with PPE, surgeon comfort and assistant/observer experience. It scored almost as highly as the microscope for depth perception.ConclusionThere is likely to be a learning curve but this initial assessment of the exoscope shows significant potential as an alternative to the operating microscope in otological surgery but with the advantage of allowing the use of appropriate PPE and better ergonomics for both surgeon and assistant/observer.
The natural history of emerging diabetic retinopathy and microalbuminuria from prepuberty to early adulthood in Type 1 diabetes: A 19‐year prospective clinical follow‐up study
Authors: Tienhaara Emmi , Falck Aura A. K. , Pokka Tytti M.‐L. , Tossavainen Päivi H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of long‐term glycaemic control and glycaemic variability on microvascular complications in adolescents and young adults with childhood‐onset Type 1 diabetes.MethodsTwenty‐six participants took part in a prospective follow‐up study. We used univariate generalised estimating equations (GEE) analysis with first‐order autoregressive AR(1) covariance structure for repeated measurements to evaluate the relationship between emerging diabetic retinopathy (DR) and each single explanatory variable, namely age at developmental stages from late prepuberty until early adulthood, duration of diabetes and long‐term HbA1c. Thereafter, the simultaneous effect of these three explanatory variables to DR was analysed in a multivariate model.ResultsTwenty‐five participants developed DR by early adulthood after a median diabetes duration of 16.2 years (range 6.3–24.0). No participants had DR during prepuberty. Each of the three variables was independently associated with emerging DR: age (OR 1.47, 95% CI to 1.25 to 1.74, p < 0.001) stronger than diabetes duration (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.63, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.05, p = 0.041) in this population. In the multivariate analysis of these three explanatory variables, only age was associated with DR (adjusted OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.10, p = 0.012).ConclusionsThe emergence of DR during adolescence and early adulthood is not rare and increases with age in patients with deteriorating metabolic control during puberty and thereafter. This underpins the need to prevent deterioration of glycaemic control from taking place during puberty—seen again in this follow‐up study—in children with diabetes.
Nonlinear interactions of land carbon cycle feedbacks in Earth System Models
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Wang Ying‐Ping , Ziehn Tilo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCarbon cycle feedbacks were often quantified through the carbon–concentration and carbon–climate feedbacks with the assumption of no significant interaction between the two feedbacks in most previous studies. Here we calculated the strength of the interactions between the two responses using simulations of models participated in the phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). We found that the nonlinear interaction contributed 11% of the land–atmosphere carbon exchange on average with large intermodel variation (from −20% to +162%). This nonlinear interaction is largely driven by the pattern of net primary production (NPP), with shifts in heterotrophic respiration that dampen the overall positive interactions from NPP. Photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area alone cannot adequately explain a wide variation of interactions in global NPP simulated by CMIP6 models. Plant respiration and processes that regulate leaf area are also important contributors to the interactions. Dominant factors that induce carbon–concentration and carbon–climate interactions are highly variable among models. One of those dominant factors is nutrient limitation. Using additional simulations of ACCESS‐ESM1.5 that include both nitrogen and phosphorus limitation, we found that the estimated interactions by ACCESS‐ESM1.5 with or without nutrient limitations covered the large intermodel variations among the CMIP6 models. It remains largely unknown how nutrient limitation complicates ecosystem's responses to simultaneously CO2 fertilization and warming at the global scale. Our modeling results point to a potential important role of nutrients, especially phosphorus on the nonlinear interactions. Yet, more studies are needed on ecosystem responses to concurrent changes in nutrient availability, atmospheric CO2 concentration, and warming.
Thermal tolerance and vulnerability to climate change in subterranean species: a case study using an Iberian endemic pseudoscorpion
Authors: Colado Raquel , García‐Meseguer Antonio José , Mirón‐Gatón Juana María , Botella‐Cruz María , Pallarés Susana , Sánchez‐Fernández David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Scientists are renewing their efforts to predict the impact of climate change on biodiversity. Subterranean environments represent ideal systems to study the effect of global change in species with poor dispersal capabilities.
We assess the vulnerability to climate change of the subterranean pseudoscorpion Neobisium (Blothrus) vasconicum vasconicum (Nonídez, 1925) (Neobisiidae).
Thermal tolerance was measured using two complementary estimates of upper thermal limits: (i) from thermal conditions of the localities in which the species occurs (realised upper thermal limit, RUTL), and (ii) from experimentally determined thermal tolerance data (physiological upper thermal limit, PhUTL). Then, thermal safety margins (TSM) were calculated for all known localities for current and future climatic conditions, using the thermal limits from both approaches.
The physiological thermal limit (PhUTL = 17.57°C) was 3.27°C higher than that obtained from the distributional and climate data (i.e., the hottest cave in which the species occurs; RUTL = 14.3°C). Regarding TSM, the future temperature (2070; RCP 8.5) of a half of the caves will be higher than the RUTL and in none of them, it would exceed the average PhUTL. This indicates that the species could have some physiological capacity to cope with warming temperatures in situ.
We hypothesize that the most realistic upper thermal limit of the species could be between the RUTL and PhUTL. This study shows that complementary approaches to estimate thermal tolerance could provide more accurate predictions of the capacity to face climate change, not only in subterranean species, but also in poor dispersal species.
Healing after surgical retreatment at four time points: A retrospective study
Authors: Weissman Amir , Wigler Ronald , Blau‐Venezia Nuphar , Goldberger Tomer , Kfir Anda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the outcome of surgical retreatment at four time points, that is 6, 12, 24 and 48 months post‐operatively, and to search for prognostic factors that may affect the outcome.MethodologyClinical records and intraoral periapical radiographs were collected from patients who had undergone surgical retreatment between 2009 and 2015 and attended 6‐, 12‐, 24‐ and 48‐month follow‐up visits. Surgical retreatment was performed by one endodontist and involved minimal root‐end resection and maximal length root‐end preparation using prebent ultrasonic files. Outcomes were categorized as complete, incomplete, uncertain or unsatisfactory healing, based on clinical and radiographic findings. The complete and incomplete categories were pooled and considered successes, while uncertain and unsatisfactory outcomes were considered failures. Changes in healing outcome were analysed using the McNemar‐Bowker test, and prognostic factors were analysed using univariate analysis.ResultsThe study cohort included 297 patients with 384 teeth. The overall success rate after 48 months was 90.6% compared with 88.5%, 93% and 92.4% after 6, 12 and 24 months respectively. Age, gender, presence of isthmus and length of canal preparation had no significant influence on the outcome. Lesion size and tooth type had a significant influence only after 6 and 12 months, respectively, with no significant differences at other time points. Fifty per cent of the teeth classified as unsatisfactory or uncertain healing at the 6 months follow‐up improved to incomplete or complete healing after 12 months. None of the cases classified as unsatisfactory healing after 12 months subsequently improved, and only 2 cases that were classified as uncertain healing after 12 months improved after 24 months.ConclusionsSurgical retreatment was found to be a predictable procedure with a high success rate of 90.6% after 4 years. Over the follow‐up periods, only a minor regression in the success rate was found. The 12 months follow‐up results closely indicated the long‐term outcome of surgical retreatment.
Liquid‐phase exfoliation method to access cobalt oxide nanosheets in pH‐neutral solutions
Authors: Pachuta Kevin , Volkova Halyna , Hirt Benjamin , Berger Marie‐Hélène , Pentzer Emily , Sehirlioglu Alp 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTwo‐dimensional materials have gained significant attention across the materials community due to their remarkable physical, chemical, electronic, and optical properties. With many two‐dimensional materials discovered each year, investigations into their processing, scalability, and resulting properties are important to fully realize their potential in next‐generation technologies. While numerous exfoliation techniques are available for a variety of two‐dimensional materials, liquid‐phase exfoliation techniques offer many advantages, particularly high throughput and scalability. Herein, we report a liquid‐phase exfoliation method to access multilayer cobalt oxide nanosheets in pH‐neutral aqueous solutions varying in size, concentration, and application. The size, thickness, and morphology of the multilayer nanosheets were confirmed using atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Finally, selected cobalt oxide nanosheets underwent additional analysis of the crystallinity, structure, and cobalt valance.
Induction of γδT cells from HSC‐enriched BMCs co‐cultured with iPSC‐derived thymic epithelial cells
Authors: Hosaka Naoki , Kanda Seiji , Shimono Takaki , Nishiyama Toshimasa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractT cells bearing γδ antigen receptors have been investigated as potential treatments for several diseases, including malignant tumours. However, the clinical application of γδT cells has been hampered by their relatively low abundance in vivo and the technical difficulty of inducing their differentiation from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro. Here, we describe a novel method for generating mouse γδT cells by co‐culturing HSC‐enriched bone marrow cells (HSC‐eBMCs) with induced thymic epithelial cells (iTECs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We used BMCs from CD45.1 congenic C57BL/6 mice to distinguish them from iPSCs, which expressed CD45.2. We showed that HSC‐eBMCs and iTECs cultured with IL‐2 + IL‐7 for up to 21 days induced CD45.1+ γδT cells that expressed a broad repertoire of Vγ and Vδ T‐cell receptors. Notably, the induced lymphocytes contained few or no αβT cells, NK1.1+ natural killer cells, or B220+ B cells. Adoptive transfer of the induced γδT cells to leukemia‐bearing mice significantly reduced tumour growth and prolonged mouse survival with no obvious side effects, such as tumorigenesis and autoimmune diseases. This new method suggests that it could also be used to produce human γδT cells for clinical applications.
Applications of metallic nanomaterials for the treatment of water
Authors: Tabassum H. , Ahmad I.Z. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Water scarcity is not a novel issue. It has already affected almost every continent in this blue planet. It is driven by two primary sources: increasing demand for fresh water due to the increase in population and overexhaustion of the available freshwater resources. During the past decade, stress has been given to extract fresh, clean and safe potable elixir of life from the bountiful stores of sea water by exploiting various technologies. As nanomaterials are providing promising solutions to almost all our problems, they are again being accessed in order to combat the problem of global freshwater scarcity. Desalination methods have marvellously improved under the impact of nanomaterials. Different metallic nanomaterials are being used to serve this purpose; for example, silver, iron, zinc, titanium dioxide in addition to natural and synthetically derived polymeric bionanomaterials. In the present paper, a brief account of all the metallic nanomaterials which are being used for treatment of water has been provided by thorough investigation on the research done till now. It strives to throw light on various materials and methods which are based on the exploitation of nanotechnology for the treatment of water.
Correction on "Chronic Intermittent Anoxia..."
Authors: Halstead Ward C. 
Published: October 2021

THE writer is embarrassed by his discovery that in revising a manuscript entitled "Chronic Intermittent Anoxia and Impairment of Peripheral Vision," an important paragraph was inadvertently omitted from the version which appeared in SCIENCE for June 15, 1945. In checking back it becomes evident that the omission arose in the author's final copy, and that the editors of SCIENCE are in no way responsible. The paragraph which should have been inserted between the two paragraphs of column 2, page 615, is as follows:
Serial determinations of alveolar gas tensions for each visual test day were carried out on sixteen of the twenty subjects by Dr. Wright Adams, but no relationship could be established with the impairment of peripheral vision. Similarly, in a smaller number of subjects no clear relationship could be established between the visual effect and renal vascular changes (Dr. Alf S. Alving), cardio-vascular changes (Dr. Emmet B. Bay), blood chemistry (Dr. Guzmán E. S. Barrón), psychiatric changes (Dr. Hugh T. Carmichael), electroencephalograms (Dr. Theodore Case), peripheral blood flow (Dr. Milton Landowne), certain metabolic effects (Drs. Henry T. Ricketts and A. Hughes Bryan), and certain additional neuropsychological indicators.
Through omission of the above paragraph, inadequate representation was given to the scope of the total war research project in which the psychological studies carried out by the writer constituted one aspect. In addition to their particular lines of investigation, each of the above men contributed generously of specialized knowledge and of time and energy to insure adequate clinical supervision of the experimental subjects and a valid interpretation of the impairment of peripheral vision as reported.
Correction
Authors: Ruskin Simon L. , Merrill Alice T. 
Published: October 2021

We wish to correct an obvious error in our paper, "The Crystalline Form of Sodium Ascorbate" (Science 1948, 108, 713).
On page 713 the sentence at the top of the second column should read:
Forty grams (1 mole) of ascorbic acid was dissolved in 600 cc of hot absolute methyl alcohol. While still hot, it was treated under stirring with 250 cc of a warm solution of methyl alcohol containing 12.3 g (1 mole) of sodium methylate.
The structure of sodium ascorbate as given by the U.S.P. (XIII, p. 898) was shown in our paper with the sodium substituting the acidic hydrogen of the carboxyl group, but we stated that it is commonly believed that the neutralization involves the hydroxyl group attached to the third carbon. We should also have added that with neutralization of this enolic hydroxyl group by sodium, the lactone ring of the ascorbic acid remains unbroken unless excess of sodium is added. The values found for carbon, hydrogen and sodium in the analysis of our sodium ascorbate are in agreement with the theoretical values calculated for the sodium lactone salt.