bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with dropout from treatment
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Mallnaik Sridhar , Chakrabarti Subho , Mehra Aseem 
Published: February 2021

Aim:
To evaluate the factors associated with treatment dropout among patients attending the psychiatric outpatient services.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-two patients who dropped out from treatment were contacted and they were compared with 200 regular attendees for sociodemographic and clinical variables, medication adherence, treatment satisfaction, attitude toward medication, insight, and therapeutic alliance.

Results:
Compared to “regular attendees,” those who dropped out from treatment were significantly older, were more likely to be married, had higher age of onset, had longer duration of illness, received less supervision for medication at home, higher proportion of them continued to remain symptomatic, had more negative attitude toward medications, had poorer insight, were poorly complaint with medication, were less satisfied with the treatment provided, and had poor quality of therapeutic alliance.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that dropout from treatment can be avoided by addressing issues of negative attitude toward medications, improving satisfaction with the treatment contact and enhancing therapeutic alliance.
Validation of revised reading the mind in the eyes test in the Indian (Bengali) population
Authors: Chakrabarty Madhushree , Dasgupta Gargi , Acharya Rudraprasad , Chatterjee Seshadri Sekhar , Guha Prathama , Belmonte Matthew K. , Bhattacharya Kaberi 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Social cognition deficits are common in clinical populations but there is a dearth of standardized social cognition assessment tools in India. Theory of mind (ToM) is an important aspect of social cognition which is often assessed with the revised reading the mind in eyes test (RMET-R). However, we do not have a statistically validated version of the test for the Indian population.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the acceptability, reliability, and validity of the Bengali version of the RMET-R.

Materials and Methods:
We administered the RMET-R to 23 patients with chronic schizophrenia (SCZ), 22 patients with bipolar disorder, and 104 healthy controls (HCs) to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instrument in the Indian (Bengali) population.

Results:
We obtained moderate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.6) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.64, P < 0.001). Positive correlations were found between RMET-R and Wechsler picture arrangement (r = 0.60, P < 0.001), picture completion (r = 0.54, P < 0.001), and comprehension subtests (r = 0.48, P < 0.001). Patients with SCZ (M = 49.7, standard deviation [SD] = 16.5) scored significantly lower than HCs (M = 68.9, SD = 13.8) (P = 0.008; Cohen's d = 1.3) on the RMET-R. Thus this tool could discriminate patients who are reported to have Theory of Mind deficits from healthy controls.

Conclusion:
The Bengali version of the RMET-R is a reliable and valid tool for assessing first-order ToM insofar as the original RMET-R measures this construct.
Does academic streams influence alcohol use in colleges?
Authors: Menon Priya G. , Thamby Abel , Jayaprakashan K. P. , Rani Anjana , Nair B. Sivasankaran , Thennarasu K. , Jaisoorya T. S. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Alcohol use among college students is a major public health priority owing to its high prevalence and numerous negative outcomes. Most interventions targeting alcohol use among college students consider them as a homogenous entity. There is preliminary evidence from high-income countries that patterns of alcohol use differ across academic streams. This remains unstudied in India.

Aims:
To compare the prevalence and correlates of alcohol use among students enrolled in various collegiate educational streams (medical, nursing, engineering, arts and science, and others [law/fisheries]) in the state of Kerala, India.

Settings and Design:
This is a cross-sectional survey conducted among college students.

Materials and Methods:
5784 students completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing alcohol use and its correlates in the psycho-social domains.

Statiscal Analysis:
Lifetime prevalence and severity of alcohol use was determined across examined academic streams. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was done separately for each course, to identify factors influencing alcohol use.

Results:
The lifetime prevalence of alcohol use varied between 10.6% among nursing students to 41.7% among students pursuing “other” stream (law/fisheries). Students pursuing medicine and nursing had a relatively lower proportion of hazardous users. Consistently across all academic streams, being male and using tobacco increased the risk, while those from the Muslim community had a lower risk of alcohol use. Other examined psychosocial correlates showed varying relationship across courses.

Conclusion:
The prevalence and psychosocial correlates of alcohol use vary among students pursuing various academic streams. This finding has public health importance as the incorporation of course level characteristics in intervention programs will improve effectiveness.
The effect of hepatic steatosis on COVID-19 severity
Authors: Parlak Selçuk , Çıvgın Esra , Beşler Muhammed Said , Kayıpmaz Afşin Emre 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The objective of our study was to investigate the location, extension and type of novel coronavirus-induced disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection involvement and hepatic steatosis on initial chest computed tomography (CT). The relationship between fatty liver and severity of the disease was also investigated by measuring the liver attenuation index (LAI).

Methods:
This study evaluated the chest CT images of 343 patients (201 male, mean age 48.43 years) who were confirmed to have COVID-19, using nasopharyngeal swab. The chest CTs were analyzed for laterality, number of involved lobes, diffuseness, number of lesions, and lesion types. The CT attenuation values of liver and spleen were measured, and LAI was calculated for the detection of hepatic steatosis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent early predictors for severe COVID-19.

Results:
There was no significant difference between genders in terms of clinical course. Liver density and LAI were significantly lower in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The prevalence of severe disease was higher in the patients with hepatic steatosis than in the non-steatotic group (odds ratio [OR] 3.815, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.97–7.37, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic kidney disease, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity (OR 3.935, 95% CI 1.77-8.70, P = 0.001). The optimal cut-off value for LAI was calculated as 0.5 for predicting patients who required ICU treatment.

Conclusions:
On the initial chest CT images of COVID-19 patients, presence of fatty liver is a strong predictor for severe disease.
El sinuoso e inconcluso proceso de adhesión de España a la Carta Social Europea: resistencias, imperfecciones y retos de futuro
Authors: García González Guillermo 
Published: February 2021

La relación de España con la Carta Social Europea (CSE) ha venido marcada por la indiferencia y por la ausencia de compromiso. Cuando en 1978 España se adhiere al Tratado, las esperanzas eran muchas. Sin embargo, durante estas cuatro décadas, la CSE ha ido penetrando en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico de forma esporádica, inconexa y con escasa coherencia. Las razones que pueden explicar esta situación son muchas, pero, sobre todas ellas, la escasa relevancia que ha venido teniendo la CSE en España debe ser ligada necesariamente al reducido interés que ha suscitado este Tratado en la clase política. Esta situación se ha revertido, siquiera parcialmente, en los últimos años; y ello, por las resoluciones de ciertos jueces y tribunales que, en un entorno de crisis económica y de progresiva laminación de los derechos sociales, toman conciencia de la CSE y proceden a aplicarla como estándar de protección más favorable, declarando inaplicable la legislación nacional en algunos de los casos enjuiciados por ser contraria al compromiso internacional asumido por España. Esta labor judicial desencadena un repentino interés de los actores políticos por la CSE, que se ha visto finalmente materializado, aunque de modo imperfecto y fragmentado, en el Acuerdo del Consejo de Ministros de 1 de febrero de 2019.
The Use of Serial Non EPI DWI MRI Scans to Determine the Growth of Cholesteatoma
Authors: Smith Wendy K , Naidu Leena , Kowdley Subrahmanyam Hemanth 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
It is an established practice to use non-EPI DWI MRI scans to detect the presence of cholesteatoma post operatively. In the present era of Covid-19 where routine surgery to remove cholesteatoma has been suspended resulting in potentially unprecedented demands on the service, a review of serial MRI scans performed over a 7 year period was undertaken to determine the rate of growth of cholesteatoma.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective longitudinal study identified 24 middle ear cholesteatomas in 17 patients with serial non-EPI DWI MRI scans (having excluded those having surgical intervention between scans) for a median period of 33 months (range of 6-91 months). Cholesteatomas were measured by the first author and by the consultant radiologist.
Results
Of 24 cholesteatomas, 1 resolved completely, 5 reduced, 6 stayed the same size, 4 grew slowly and 8 grew significantly.
Conclusion
Non-EPI DWI MRI scans to determine cholesteatoma growth in asymptomatic ears is useful in triaging patients in the Covid-19 era.
L’héritage religieux de Gottfried Keller
Authors: Bouveresse Jacques , Imbach Ruedi 
Published: February 2021

Pourquoi Ludwig Wittgenstein était-il fasciné par certaines œuvres du grand écrivain suisse Gottfried Keller ? Cette question a intrigué Jacques Bouveresse et le fruit de cette interrogation a donné son ouvrage Le danseur et sa corde, Wittgenstein, Tolstoï, Nietzsche, Gottfried Keller et les difficultés de la foi (Marseille, Agone, 2014). Dans l’échange qui suit, organisé en mai 2017 par la section genevoise de la Société suisse de philosophie, Jacques Bouveresse et Ruedi Imbach se penchent sur le titre de cet ouvrage, sur l’intention qui a présidé à sa rédaction, mais aussi sur la critique aiguë du christianisme institutionnel, surtout dans sa version doctrinale et doctrinaire, dans certaines œuvres de Keller, ainsi que sur le fort intérêt de Wittgenstein pour ces œuvres et pour cette critique. Les deux auteurs s’accordent pour dire que le christianisme ne s’enseigne pas : il est plutôt quelque chose qui relève de la vie.
Variation Comparison of OLS and GLS Estimators using Monte Carlo Simulation of Linear Regression Model with Autoregressive Scheme
Authors: AliKhan Sajid , Khurshid Sayyad , Akhtar Tooba , Khurshid Kashmala 
Published: February 2021

In this research we discusses to Ordinary Least Squares and Generalized Least Squares techniques and estimate with First Order Autoregressive scheme from different correlation levels by using simple linear regression model. A comparison has been made between these two methods on the basis of variances results. For the purpose of comparison, we use simulation of Monte Carlo study and the experiment is repeated 5000 times. We use sample sizes 50, 100, 200, 300 and 500, and observe the influence of different sample sizes on the estimators.
By comparing variances of OLS and GLS at different values of sample sizes and correlation levels with , we found that variance of ( ) at sample size 500, OLS and GLS gives similar results but at sample size 50 variance of GLS ( ) has minimum values as compared to OLS. So it is clear that variance of GLS ( ) is best. Similarly variance of ( ) from OLS and GLS at sample size 500 and correlation -0.05 with , GLS give minimum value as compared to all other sample sizes and correlations.
By comparing overall results of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Generalized Least Squares (GLS), we conclude that in large samples both are gives similar results but small samples GLS is best fitted as compared to OLS.
Elaboración de planchas celu-plásticas a través del reciclaje de celulosa residual y tereftalato de polietileno (pet)
Authors: Albiño Fernando , Mora Diego , Mosguidt Diana , Sobenis Gladys , Velasco Carlos , Arellano Lenin 
Published: February 2021

En la búsqueda de presentar un producto sustituto con mejores cualidades que la madera natural, se decidió producir madera plástica por medio de la combinación de celulosa y polietileno de tereftalato (PET). Dentro de la Provincia Bolívar, Cantón San Miguel, la principal fuente de ingreso es la agricultura, la cual genera grandes cantidades de desechos vegetales los que no se han expuesto a un adecuado proceso de eliminación, considerando también que dentro del medio existe grandes cantidades de desechos generados por productos de consumo masivo aumentando el nivel de contaminación. Generar un nuevo producto y bajar los niveles de contaminación en el medio son el propósito fundamental, es por esto que se ha combinado estos dos tipos de desechos: celulosa residual y polietileno de tereftalato a través del método de exposición al calor con la cual se origina una plancha celu-plástica mucho más resistente a inclemencias ambientales, pudiendo industrializarse.
Maxillary Second Molar with a Rare Palatal Root Canal Morphology: A Case Report
Authors: Mital Prachi , Srivastava Harshit , Sen Pooja 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Knowledge of the root canal anatomy and its variations is essential for successful completion of the endodontic treatment. Root canal treatment of maxillary second molars with aberrant canal configuration can be challenging. The incidence of two palatal canals in a palatal root is quite rare in maxillary molars. The novel diagnostic aids such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) help in the successful management of such cases. This case report describes the successful diagnosis and treatment of a maxillary second molar with two palatal canals, merging at the apical third of the root.
How to cite this article: Sen P, Prasad AB, Mital P, et al. Maxillary Second Molar with a Rare Palatal Root Canal Morphology: A Case Report. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2020;5(1):23–25.
Role of Grayscale and Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Evaluation of Scrotal Pathologies
Authors: Singh Rohit , Prabha Tushar , Arora Sankalp 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Aim and objective
To study the spectrum of sonographic findings of various scrotal swellings and to assess the efficacy of grayscale and color Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of scrotal lesions.

Materials and methods
The group under study was comprised of 100 patients of all age groups with acute scrotal pain, painless, or painful scrotal swelling. All patients were scanned with the linear probe on the ultrasound machines GE Voluson S6, Toshiba Xario 100/Toshiba Acuson X 300 from January 2015 to November 2016.

Results
There were 128 various sonographic findings in total, at the final diagnosis, as some of the patients had more than one findings. Hydrocele was the most frequent fluid collection, one with the fluid being confined to the tunica vaginalis cavity (92.3%). Varicocele comprised 11% of the total number of cases. At the final diagnosis, there were 11 cases of orchitis (57.1%), some of the patients had more than one of the above three pathologies in different combinations. An incidence of inguinoscrotal hernia was noted in 8%.

Conclusion
High-resolution sonography with color Doppler imaging could reliably define the morphological features and vascularity of scrotal lesions. Sonography was highly accurate in evaluating the consistency of scrotal mass—solid or cystic. Color Doppler was found extremely sensitive in the diagnosis and differentiation of testicular torsion and inflammation especially in the case of equivocal grayscale findings. Varicoceles were accurately diagnosed using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). The present study concludes that high-resolution sonography should be used as a first-line investigation. CDFI adds useful information and complement grayscale sonography in reaching a quick and correct diagnosis.
How to cite this article
Prabha T, Singh R, Arora S. Role of Grayscale and Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Evaluation of Scrotal Pathologies. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2020;5(1):16–22.
Kontrasto figūrų galia Rolando Pavilionio kalbose
Authors: Koženiauskienė Regina 
Published: February 2021

Straipsnyje analizuojamos Rolando Pavilionio kalbos (pasakytos ir parašytos 2000–2006 m. laikotarpiu) peržengus, jo žodžiais, per amžinybės paženklinto Vilniaus universiteto slenkstį į visai kitą – žemišką politinio gyvenimo – erdvę, kurios nesutaikomas kritikas jis buvo iki tolei. Dėmesys sutelktas į vieną svarbų retorinį aspektą – kontrastą, kuris yra nuolatinė intelektualaus oratoriaus gyvenimo būsena, mąstymo pagrindas ir kalbėjimo būdas. Pirmą kartą aptariamas išskirtinis R. Pavilionio gebėjimas pasinaudoti visa apimančiomis retorinėmis kontrasto figūromis – antiteze, oksimoronu, paradoksu, antimetabole, antifraze, padėjusiomis jam pasiekti užsibrėžtų tikslų. Parodomas didelis šių figūrų psichologinis poveikis klausytojams. R. Pavilionio, lyderio iš prigimties, mintys, išsakytos nesuderinamais ir kartu paradoksaliai suderinamais žodžiais ir pasakymais, įsirėžia į klausytojų atmintį, verčia mąstyti, paryškina emocinį aptariamų dalykų santykį, patraukia paskui save tiesos ir naujumo link, įtikina ir įteigia, nes turi retorinio argumentavimo galią.
Penerapan Sistem Akuaponik (Budidaya Ikan Dalam Ember) untuk Pemenuhan Gizi Dalam Mencegah Stunting di Desa Gending Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Perwitasari Dyah Ayu , Amani Tatik 
Published: February 2021

Gending Village is a village located in Gending District, Probolinggo Regency, consisting of 4 Hamlets, 4 RWs, 13 RT. RT 09 area. Buyut Hamlet is one of the areas in the village of Gending, Gending District. The majority of RT 9 residents have livelihoods as farmers. The area of ​​Buyut Hamlet was once a center for catfish farming in the village of Gending, but is now beginning to be abandoned because of the existence of a small amount of feed. The adoption of the budikdamber as the development of the aquaponics system is expected to be able to foster community interest in conducting fish and vegetable cultivation in one place, so that the yields obtained are also abundant and meet the nutritional needs derived from fish and vegetables. One effort to redevelop the local potential in the form of catfish farming, needs to be done an action in the form of socialization. The socialization was carried out by conveying material about hydroponics and buddhambers, which was followed by housewives of RT 9 with the aim to be able to fill spare time and develop the ability of catfish culture that had previously been nurturing, but also as a form of utilization of house yards or narrow land to be efficient and profitable. The practice was carried out by demonstrating the buddhamber accompanied by lecturers and student teams, and handing over the assemblies of the buddambers along with vegetables and fish to one of the residents as a pilot. The results obtained from this program are an increase in knowledge and skills of partners about fish farming in a bucket (Budikdamber) as well as an increase in family food independence by utilizing home yards through the cultivation of vegetables and fish in one place.
Keywords: Gending, Aquaponics, Budikdamber, Nutrition, Stunting
Pemanfaatkan Potensi Lokal Melalui Pembuatan Susu Jagung Guna Mencegah Stunting Pada Desa Gejugan
Authors: Setiyono Agus Edi , Ngatimun Ngatimun , Musriati Titik 
Published: February 2021

Gejugan Village is one of the villages in Probolinggo district on the north coast. Gejugan Village is in the west bordering Klaseman Village and Karangpranti Village, Pajarakan District. Gejugan village has local potential that can be developed from their agricultural produce, namely corn. Corn is an alternative food source that contains many nutrients. But the people here still don't have the knowledge to be able to use it. The Socialization Activity for Making SUJU (Corn Milk) to Prevent Stunting and Utilizing Local Potential is expected to provide more knowledge to the Gejugan community in utilizing existing local potential, especially processing corn into corn milk. Besides having good nutrition, corn milk also has more value in the economy. If it is processed properly and properly, this product can be sold in the market. The socialization of making corn milk was attended by 25 residents of Gejugan Village. Material for making corn milk was given by providing materials and hands-on practice during the event. Participants in the socialization of making corn milk enthusiastically listened to and practiced directly making corn milk during the socialization process. From the results of the socialization, the practiced corn milk resulted in 6 bottles of corn milk measuring 360 ml. Participants listened well and the material presented was well received by all participants present.
Keywords: Local Potential, Corn Milk, Stunting