bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of wind speed on a Reinforced Concrete tall building
Authors: Krishnam Raju P , Ravindra V , Susmitha V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study is conducted to assess the influence of wind on a 17-storey multipurpose Reinforced Concrete Tall Building according to the revised wind code of IS 875 (Part 3): 2015 compared to its previous version i.e., IS 875 (Part 3): 1987. The study covers all basic wind speeds of 33, 39, 44, 47, 50 and 55m/s as specified in the Indian standards. Dynamic effects due to ‘Along wind’ and ‘across wind’ are considered in the analysis using ETABS evaluation software. The Lateral load, Lateral sway and Longitudinal Rebar Percentage (LRP) are found to be increased as per the revised version. The LRP in the Middle, Edge and Corner columns are also reported. An increase of total Rebar quantity by about 3.7% (beams and columns) in the entire structure for a basic wind speed of 50m/s is observed.
Constitutive behavior and novel characterization of hot deformation of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy for lightweight traffic
Authors: Xindi Hao , Dong Ren , Juan Dong , Zong Haiming , Zhengfeng Lv 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Isothermal compression tests of 7A21 aluminum alloy were carried out on a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator, and the stress-strain curves were obtained at temperatures ranging from 350 to 500 °C and strain rates ranging from 0.01 to 10 s−1. The Arrhenius-type constitutive models with/without strain compensation were established to predict hot deformation mechanical behavior of the alloy based on friction and temperature corrected stress-strain curves, respectively. The model with strain compensation shows a higher prediction accuracy by calculating the average absolute relative error and correlation coefficient. The hot processing maps at different strains were constructed based on the dynamic material model (DMM). The safety strain rates map, a new form of processing map which reflects the variation of critical safety strain rates with the deformation temperatures and true strains, was generated to simplify the acquisition of safety zones throughout the whole deformation process.
Improve the tribological performance of anodic coating by plasma discharge treatment
Authors: Wei Song , Liu Dong-Jie , Liu Can-Can , Jiang Bai-Ling 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Anodizing and plasma discharge technology had been combined to improve the tribological performance of Al-alloys. Based on the calculation of plasma discharge radius and the analysis on coating pore parameters obtained in different electrolytes, the sulfuric-phosphoric acid electrolyte had been selected to prepare anodic coating with the pore size of about 40 nm. The effect of plasma discharge on the crystallinity of the anodic coating had been simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics software and verified by XRD respectively. The compactness of the coating had been characterized by SEM and Image J software. Then, results proved that amorphous alumina could be transformed into crystalline alumina, and form a thick compact alumina ceramic coating on the surface of Al-alloys. The influence of plasma discharge time on the adhesion, roughness and hardness of the coating had also been studied, with the results that demonstrated when plasma discharge time was 15 min, the adhesion, roughness and hardness of the coating were 63.5 N, 1.56 μm and 175 HV, respectively. Of course, the tribological performance of the coating had been tested, and it was shown that the friction coefficient of the coating was about 0.45, and the mass wear loss rate was 1.68 × 10−5 mm3/N · m. Due to the low hardness of Al substrates, in the process of the friction test, the effect of load stress on the mass wear rate of the coating was greater than that of sliding velocity.
HfB2-doped ZrB2-30 vol.% SiC composites: oxidation resistance behavior
Authors: Dodi Ebrahim , Balak Zohre , Kafashan Hosein 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To investigate the HfB2 on microstructure and oxidation resistance of ZrB2-30 vol% SiC, ZrB2-30 vol% SiC composites with different amounts of HfB2 (4, 8, and 12 vol%) were consolidated by Spark Plasma Sintering method (SPS). Microstructural evaluations were done by scanning electron microscopic (SEM). To investigate the oxidation resistance, the samples were placed in a box furnace at the temperature of 1400 C for different times. The samples were weighed before and after the oxidation and the Δw was applied as a criterion of oxidation. The thickness of SiO2 layer and Si depleted layer were also used as oxidation criterion. The results showed that HfB2 addition caused to decrease Δw and better oxidation resistance.
Arterial stiffness as a vascular contribution to cognitive impairment: a fluid dynamics perspective
Authors: Tucker Trevor 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A model of cerebral pulsatile blood flow through multiple arterial bifurcations is developed, based on the physics of wave propagation in compliant vessels. The model identifies the conditions for the optimum antegrade flow of blood into the arterioles as a function of the areas and stiffnesses of the arteries. The model predicts and quantifies the reduction in vessel diameter which occurs in progressing from the large central arteries into the arterioles. It also predicts and quantifies the change in vessel compliance which occurs in progressing from the large central arteries, through the small arteries, into the arterioles. Physics predicts that the clinically observed compliance changes are consistent with the efficient delivery of blood to the cerebral capillary bed. The model predicts that increasing arterial stiffening with age, reduces pulsatile cerebral blood flow substantially, potentially resulting in ischemia, hypoperfusion and hypoxia, with attendant neurological and cognition consequences. The model predicts that while central pulse pressure increases with aging, small vessel pulse pressure reduces, contrary to the concept of a pressure wave tsunami in the small vessels. The model also predicts that increased luminal diameters with increasing age, mitigate, somewhat the negative consequences of arterial stiffening, a form of adaptive arterial remodelling.
Multitasking in RNN: an analysis exploring the combination of simple tasks
Authors: Jarne Cecilia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The brain and artificial neural networks are capable of performing multiple tasks. The mechanisms through which simultaneous tasks are performed by the same set of units in the brain are not yet entirely clear. Such systems can be modular or mixed selective through some variables such as sensory stimulus. Recurrent neural networks can help to a better understanding of those mechanisms. Based on simple tasks studied previously in Jarne 2020 arXiv Preprint 2005.13074, multitasking networks were trained and analyzed. In present work, a simple model that can perform multiple tasks using a contextual signal was studied, trying to illuminate mechanisms similar to those that could occur in biological brains. Backpropagation through time allows training networks with multitasking, but the realizations obtained are not unique. Different realizations for the same set of tasks are possible. Here the analysis of the dynamics and emergent behavior of their units is presented. The goal is to try to describe better the models used to describe different processes in the cortex.
A high-performance silicon/carbon composite as anode material for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Bai Yangzhi , Cao Xinlong , Tian Zhanyuan , Yang Shifeng , Cao Guolin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To overcome the existing rapid capacity decay, low conductivity and the expands and contracts in volume of Si/C composite anodes in lithium ion batteries, we have developed a silicon/carbon composite by spray drying and twice organic carbon source cladding process. The samples are characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis and x-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The electrochemical performance are analyzed by half-cell and full-cell experiments. The results show that the silicon/carbon composite is core–shell structure with the silicon embedded graphite as core and organic carbon layers as the shell, the particle size range from 8 μm to 24 μm. The first reversible capacity and initial coulombic efficiency of the silicon/carbon composite are 936.4 mAh g−1 and 88.6% in half-cell. The silicon/carbon composite exhibits a high capacity retention up to 80% after 680 cycles in full-cell, indicating an excellent cycling stability. The structure is beneficial to control volume expansion, improve conductivity and electrochemical performance.
Reverse longitudinal stent deformation during percutaneous intervention via the retrograde approach to a chronic total occlusion of the right coronary artery: a case report
Authors: Cosgrove Claudia , Marciniak Marciej , Spratt James C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Longitudinal stent deformation (LSD) is an uncommon but recognized mechanical complication of coronary stent implantation, usually occurring at the proximal stent edge due to compression by guide catheter or catheter extensions. Retrograde techniques for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention expose the distal stent edge to potential interaction with retrograde equipment under a tensioned system.

Case summary
We describe a case of distal stent edge LSD, occurring during a retrograde approach to a right coronary artery CTO via septal collateral channels. While removing the externalized wire, interaction with the retrograde microcatheter caused compression of the distal end of the newly implanted stents.

Discussion
This unusual complication highlights the reduced longitudinal strength of newer generation stent platforms and the risks of interaction between retrograde equipment and stents on an externalized wire.
Case report: Concomitant MitraClip implantation for severe mitral regurgitation and plug closure of endocarditis induced fistula between aortic root and left atrium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Ren Ben , de Jaegere Peter P T , van Mieghem Nicolas N M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) occurs in up to 1.5% of patients within the first year. The development of an aorto-atrial fistula (AAF) is a rare but problematic complication of IE, which can be confirmed with transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE). We present an exceptional case of occluding an aorto-left atrial fistula only diagnosed with intraprocedural TOE during a subsequent procedure of MitraClip implantation.

Case summary
A 79-year-old symptomatic male patient with multiple comorbidities was referred due to severe mitral regurgitation (MR). He has had prior TAVI which was complicated with streptococcal IE for which he had received prolonged antibacterial therapy. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed severe MR. The patient was accepted for a MitraClip procedure by the heart team. Intra-procedural TOE revealed also a significant continuous shunt through an AAF which was likely caused by the endocarditis. The strategy was therefore defined as to occlude the fistula with an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II 12 mm. The plug was released in the fistula leaving an insignificant residual shunt. After the transseptal puncture one MitraClip XTR was implanted, reducing the MR to mild. After the procedure, the patient’s general clinical condition improved without signs of haemolysis. The pre-discharge TTE confirmed trace residual shunt, mild residual MR and mild paravalvular leakage.

Discussion
Our case illustrates a complex transcatheter structural heart intervention with improvised procedural strategies based on the intra-procedural TOE findings. We conclude that the pre-procedural TOE needs to be comprehensive rather than exclusive, particularly in the context of bioprosthesis-related endocarditis.
A novel exergy-based assessment on a multi-production plant of power, heat and hydrogen: integration of solid oxide fuel cell, solid oxide electrolyzer cell and Rankine steam cycle
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Milad , Mehrpooya Mehdi , Ansarinasab Hojat 
Published: January 2021

Title
Multi-production plant is an idea highlighting cost- and energy-saving purposes. However, just integrating different sub-systems is not desired and the output and performance based on evaluation criteria must be assessed. In this study, an integrated energy conversion system composed of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) and Rankine steam cycle is proposed to develop a multi-production system of power, heat and hydrogen to alleviate energy dissipation and to preserve the environment by utilizing and extracting the most possible products from the available energy source. With this regard, natural gas and water are used to drive the SOEC and the Rankine steam cycle, respectively. The required heat and power demand of the electrolyzer are designed to be provided by the fuel cell and the Rankine cycle. The feasibility of the designed integrated system is evaluated through comprehensive exergy-based analysis. The technical performance of the system is evaluated through exergy assessment and it is obtained that the SOFC and the SOEC can achieve to the high exergy efficiency of 84.8% and 63.7%, respectively. The designed system provides 1.79 kg/h of hydrogen at 125 kPa. In addition, the effective designed variables on the performance of the designed integrated system are monitored to optimize the system’s performance in terms of technical efficiency, cost-effectivity and environmental considerations. This assessment shows that 59.4 kW of the available exergy is destructed in the combustion chamber. Besides, the techno-economic analysis and exergoenvironmental assessment demonstrate the selected compressors should be re-designed to improve the cost-effectivity and decline the negative environmental impact of the designed integrated energy conversion system. In addition, it is calculated that the SOEC has the highest total cost and also the highest negative impact on the environment compared to other designed units in the proposed integrated energy conversion system.
Spring foraging movements of an urban population of grey-headed flying foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus)
Authors: Boardman Wayne S J , Roshier David , Reardon Terry , Burbidge Kathryn , McKeown Adam , Westcott David A , Caraguel Charles G B , Prowse Thomas A A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Flying foxes provide ecologically and economically important ecosystem services but extensive clearing and modification of habitat and drought combined with the planting of commercial and non-commercial trees across various landscapes, has meant flying foxes in Australia are increasingly seeking foraging resources in new areas. In 2011, grey-headed flying foxes formed a camp in Adelaide, South Australia, outside their previously recorded range. We used global positioning system telemetry to study the movements and foraging behaviour of this species in Adelaide in spring (September to November) 2015. High-frequency location data were used to determine the foraging range and the most frequently visited foraging sites used by each bat which were ground-truthed to identify forage plants. A total of 7239 valid locations were collected over 170 nights from four collars. Despite being a highly mobile species, the mean core foraging range estimate was only 7.30 km2 (range 3.3–11.2 km2). Maximum foraging distance from the camp in the Botanic Park was 9.5 km but most foraging occurred within a 4-km radius. The most common foraging sites occurred within the residential area of Adelaide and included introduced forage plant species, Lemon-scented gum (Corymbia citriodora) and Port Jackson fig (Ficus rubiginosa). Other observed movement activities included dipping behaviour on inland and marine waters and travel across flight paths around Adelaide airport. Our findings suggest that urban habitats in Adelaide provide sufficient foraging resources for grey-headed flying foxes to use these areas exclusively, at least in spring. This creates substantial opportunities for bats to interact with humans and their infrastructure.
Thinking outside the park: recommendations for camera trapping mammal communities in the urban matrix
Authors: Herrera Daniel J , Moore Sophie M , Flockhart D T Tyler , McShea William J , Cove Michael V 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUrbanization is increasing globally, fragmenting habitats and prompting human–wildlife conflict. Urban wildlife research is concurrently expanding, but sampling methods are often biased towards large and intact habitats in public green spaces, neglecting the far more abundant, but degraded, habitats in the urban matrix. Here, we introduce the Five P’s of Urban Ecology—Partnerships, Planning, Placements, Public participation and Processing—as a path to overcoming the logistical barriers often associated with camera-trapping in the urban matrix. Though the Five P’s can be applied to a variety of urban sampling methods, we showcase the camera-trapping efforts of the DC Cat Count project in Washington, DC, as a case study. We compared occupancy models for eight urban mammal species using broad categorizations of land cover and local land use to determine drivers of mammal occurrence within the urban matrix as compared with urban habitat patches. Many native species maintained a strong association with large, semi-natural green spaces, but occupancy was not limited to these locations, and in some cases, the use of private yards and the built environment were not notably different. Furthermore, some species exhibited higher occupancy probabilities in developed areas over green spaces. Though seemingly intuitive, we offer advice on how to greatly reduce habitat-biased sampling methods in urban wildlife research and illustrate the importance of doing so to ensure accurate results that support the formation of effective urban planning and policy.
The relations between age, face mask perceptions and face mask wearing
Authors: Howard Matt C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Popular press outlets have proposed that older individuals are less likely to wear face masks despite health benefits of doing so during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current article investigates this notion in four separate studies, and we also assess the mediating effect of face mask perceptions between age and face mask wearing using the eight-dimension Face Masks Perceptions Scale (FMPS). The sample-size weighted average correlation between age and face mask wearing was −.07 (95%C.I.[−.14, .001], Z-value = −1.928, P = .054, n = 824), indicating that older individuals are slightly less likely to wear face masks compared to younger individuals. Age did not have significant relations with any face mask perceptions, and the mediating effect of face mask perceptions was not robust or consistent. This indicates that the relation between age and face mask wearing is not explained by face mask perceptions, and researchers must turn to other explanatory mechanisms to understand this relation. We propose possible avenues, such as dual-system theories, to further investigate this research question as well as others associated with face mask perceptions, face mask wearing and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Dk Gravitational Instantons as Superpositions of Atiyah–Hitchin and Taub–NUT Geometries
Authors: Schroers B J , Singer M A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We obtain Dk ALF gravitational instantons by a gluing construction which captures, in a precise and explicit fashion, their interpretation as nonlinear superpositions of the moduli space of centred SU(2) monopoles, equipped with the Atiyah–Hitchin metric, and k copies of the Taub–NUT manifold. The construction proceeds from a finite set of points in euclidean space, reflection symmetric about the origin, and depends on an adiabatic parameter which is incorporated into the geometry as a fifth dimension. Using a formulation in terms of hyperKähler triples on manifolds with boundaries, we show that the constituent Atiyah–Hitchin and Taub–NUT geometries arise as boundary components of the five-dimensional geometry as the adiabatic parameter is taken to zero.
Prone Position Ventilation in Neurologically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Proposed Protocol
Authors: Wright James M. , Gerges Christina , Shammassian Berje , Labak Collin M. , Herring Eric Z. , Miller Benjamin , Alkhachroum Ayham , Kottapally Mohan , Huang Wright Christina , Rodgers Richard B. , Sedney Cara , Ngwenya Laura B. , Stippler Martina , Sieg Emily , Babu Maya A. , Hoffer Alan , Hejal Rana 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Prone positioning has been shown to be a beneficial adjunctive supportive measure for patients who develop acute respiratory distress syndrome. Studies have excluded patients with reduced intracranial compliance, whereby patients with concomitant neurologic diagnoses and acute respiratory distress syndrome have no defined treatment algorithm or recommendations for management. In this study, we aim to determine the safety and feasibility of prone positioning in the neurologically ill patients.

DESIGN AND SETTING:
A systematic review of the literature, performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses 2009 guidelines, yielded 10 articles for analysis. Using consensus from these articles, in combination with review of multi-institutional proning protocols for patients with nonneurologic conditions, a proning protocol for patients with intracranial pathology and concomitant acute respiratory distress syndrome was developed.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Among 10 studies included in the final analysis, we found that prone positioning is safe and feasible in the neurologically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Increased intracranial pressure and compromised cerebral perfusion pressure may occur with prone positioning. We propose a prone positioning protocol for the neurologically ill patients who require frequent neurologic examinations and intracranial monitoring.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although elevations in intracranial pressure and reductions in cerebral perfusion pressure do occur during proning, they may not occur to a degree that would warrant exclusion of prone ventilation as a treatment modality for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and concomitant neurologic diagnoses. In cases where intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation can be monitored, prone position ventilation should be considered a safe and viable therapy.