bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subseasonal Prediction of Heat‐Related Mortality in Switzerland
Authors: Pyrina Maria , Vicedo‐Cabrera Ana M. , Büeler Dominik , Sivaraj Sidharth , Spirig Christoph , Domeisen Daniela I. V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHeatwaves pose a range of severe impacts on human health, including an increase in premature mortality. The summers of 2018 and 2022 are two examples with record‐breaking temperatures leading to thousands of heat‐related excess deaths in Europe. Some of the extreme temperatures experienced during these summers were predictable several weeks in advance by subseasonal forecasts. Subseasonal forecasts provide weather predictions from 2 weeks to 2 months ahead, offering advance planning capabilities. Nevertheless, there is only limited assessment of the potential for heat‐health warning systems at a regional level on subseasonal timescales. Here we combine methods of climate epidemiology and subseasonal forecasts to retrospectively predict the 2018 and 2022 heat‐related mortality for the cantons of Zurich and Geneva in Switzerland. The temperature‐mortality association for these cantons is estimated using observed daily temperature and mortality during summers between 1990 and 2017. The temperature‐mortality association is subsequently combined with bias‐corrected subseasonal forecasts at a spatial resolution of 2‐km to predict the daily heat‐related mortality counts of 2018 and 2022. The mortality predictions are compared against the daily heat‐related mortality estimated based on observed temperature during these two summers. Heat‐related mortality peaks occurring for a few days can be accurately predicted up to 2 weeks ahead, while longer periods of heat‐related mortality lasting a few weeks can be anticipated 3 to even 4 weeks ahead. Our findings demonstrate that subseasonal forecasts are a valuable—but yet untapped—tool for potentially issuing warnings for the excess health burden observed during central European summers.
Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Ian in Relation to Anomalously Warm Subsurface Water on the Wide Continental Shelf
Authors: Liu Yonggang , Weisberg Robert H. , Sorinas Luis , Law Jason A. , Nickerson Alexander K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHurricane Ian rapidly intensified from Category 3 to 5 as it transited the wide West Florida Shelf (WFS). This is ascribed to heating by the anomalously warm shelf waters, despite the water depth being shallow when compared to the thicker, mixed layer areas of the deeper ocean. By examining temperature from long‐term moorings, we found that the sea surface and subsurface temperatures exceeded the climatologies by 1–2°C and 2–3°C, respectively. Additionally, these anomalously high temperatures in summer/fall of 2022 were related to the absence of Gulf of Mexico Loop Current interactions with the WFS slope at its “pressure point”. Without such offshore forcing to induce an upwelling circulation, the warmer waters on the shelf were not flushed and replaced by colder waters of deeper ocean origin. This work highlights the importance of subsurface temperature and ocean circulation monitoring on shallow continental shelves, which are largely overlooked in hurricane‐related ocean heat content observational programs.
Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances With Huge Semicircular and Circular Structures Triggered by Two Rocket Launches Over China
Authors: Xie Haiyong , Li Guozhu , Ding Feng , Zhao Xiukuan , Hu Lianhuan , Sun Wenjie , Li Yu , Li Yi , Dai Guofeng , Liu Jianfei , Liu Libo , Ning Baiqi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRocket‐launching can trigger traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) which often show V‐shaped structures. Using a dense Global Navigation Satellite System total electron content (TEC) receiver network, we investigated the ionospheric response to the waves triggered by the launches of Long March (LM) series of rockets, the LM‐2D on 30 March 2023 and LM‐6A on 10 September 2023. Results show that during the two launches, large ionospheric holes and TIDs with unusual semicircular and circular structures were observed. The ionospheric disturbances traveled for a distance of more than 1,500 km with amplitudes gradually decreased from about 0.1 to 0.03 TEC unit. The period and horizontal speed of disturbances were ∼7–8 min and around 700–800 m/s, respectively, which fell into the acoustic mode. We suggest that the TIDs were induced by shock acoustic waves (SAWs). The semicircular and circular structures could be attributed to the rocket flight tilt angle and the corresponding altitude of conic SAWs.
Late Cretaceous Ophiolite Emplacement and Cenozoic Collisional Tectonics in the Northeastern Arabian Plate: Insights From New Broadband Magnetotelluric Data
Authors: Cherkose B. A. , Saibi H. , Al Bloushi K. , Ali M. Y. , Fowler A. , Smirnov M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Late Cretaceous obduction of the Semail Ophiolite onto the rifted passive Arabian margin and the Cenozoic collisional tectonics with the final closure of the Neo‐Tethys Ocean, are major contributors to the present‐day crustal architecture of the northern United Arab Emirates (UAE). We acquired the first 3D grid magnetotelluric observations from 73 stations in the northern UAE in order to image deep crustal electrical structures associated with the two significant compressional episodes. Inversion of the broadband magnetotelluric data reveals the subsurface geometry of the high‐resistivity ophiolite blocks, the underlying conductive thrust sheet (Haybi‐Hawasina nappe), a “wedge‐shaped” conductive foreland basin flanking the Hajar mountain ranges, and at depth, a high‐resistivity structure associated with a fold‐thrust belt adjacent to the allochthonous units, or Proterozoic crystalline basement. The ophiolite along the eastern coast (from cities Khor Fakkan to Fujairah) is more than 20 km thick and dips eastward. Across the Wadi Ham fault, the resistive ophiolite lies against less resistive materials that may represent Bani Hamid metamorphic rocks. The thin‐skinned thrust sheets of the proximal‐distal Tethyan sedimentary units (Haybi‐Hawasina complexes) exhibit low resistivity in the Dibba zone. In contrast to its gently east‐dipping geometry in the Dibba zone, the conductive Haybi‐Hawasina structure in the southern portion of the study area appears nearly vertically (>20 km) beneath the dense Khor Fakkan and Aswad ophiolite blocks. This result suggests extensive deformation of the thrust sheets beneath the southerly dense ophiolite blocks.
Earthquake Nucleation and Slip Behavior Altered by Stochastic Normal Stress Heterogeneity
Authors: Li Meng , Niemeijer Andre , van Dinther Ylona 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn recent laboratory experiments, varying nucleation locations of accelerating slip with changing nucleation lengths were observed. Spatial variations in effective normal stress, due to the controlling influence on fault strength and fracture energy, play an important role. We quantitatively explain how spatially heterogeneous effective normal stresses affect earthquake nucleation and slip behavior. We simulate a meter‐scale laboratory experiment in a numerical earthquake sequence model with stochastically variable normal stresses. We identify five regimes of earthquake nucleation and slip behaviors, controlled by the ratio of the heterogeneity wavelength to the nucleation length . When , full ruptures are observed. Slip rates and recurrence intervals are similar to those on homogeneous faults with comparable averaged normal stress. When , slow slip events and partial ruptures occur frequently and the nucleation length of each earthquake depends on the local stress level. We find locations of nucleation and arrest in both low and high normal stress regions (LSR and HSR, respectively) when and are of the same magnitude. When , earthquakes nucleate in LSRs, and arrest in HSRs. However, HSRs and LSRs switch these roles when . Interestingly, we observe that nucleation migrates from an LSR to its neighboring HSR in one earthquake, when is between the minimum and maximum local nucleation lengths. We observe a large amount of aseismic slip and associated stress drop in the initial LSR, which might be linked to the migration of foreshocks as documented in natural and laboratory observations. This improved understanding of earthquake nucleation is important in estimating the seismic potential of different fault patches for natural and induced seismicity.
Simultaneous Observation of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles and Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Over Indonesia Following the 15 January 2022 Tonga Volcano Eruption
Authors: Husin Asnawi , Dear Varuliantor , Faturahman Agri , Anggarani Sefria , Mardiani Annis Siradj , Purwono Adi , Harjosuwito Jiyo , Pradipta Rezy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe report our analysis of multi‐diagnostic ionospheric observations over Indonesia following the 15 January 2022 Tonga volcano eruption. Observation data from the Indonesian global navigation satellite system (GNSS) CORS network, ionosondes, and GNSS ionospheric scintillation and TEC monitor receivers, in conjunction with the Himawari‐8 satellite imagery, were used in the analysis. The Lamb waves from the eruption, traveling at 310 m/s, reached eastern part of Indonesia (5,000 km from Tonga) approximately 4 hr after the eruption. The Lamb waves traversed the Indonesian region for 4 hr and 40 min, around sunset period. As a result, some unseasonal equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) occurred over this longitude sector, with an interesting initial development pattern. There was a directional split in the zonal drift velocity of these EPBs, where some EPBs drifted eastward with a velocity of 138.0 6.9 m/s and others westward with a velocity of 39.6 2.0 m/s. At the same time, traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) from the Tonga eruption also propagated over the Indonesian region with a velocity of 434.6 21.7 m/s. In the total electron content (TEC) data, interactions between EPBs and TIDs were observed over the region. There were enhancements in the rate‐of‐TEC index (ROTI) and scintillation index, indicating the presence of ionospheric density irregularities. A turbulent ionospheric F‐layer, due to these EPBs and TIDs, caused either spread‐F echoes or a loss of F‐region traces in the ionograms. An intensification of sporadic‐E layer, lasting for a few hours, was also observed in the ionograms.
Coupling the thermal acoustic modes of a bubble to an optomechanical sensor
Authors: Scheuer K. G. , Romero F. B. , DeCorby R. G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOptomechanical sensors provide a platform for probing acoustic/vibrational properties at the micro-scale. Here, we used cavity optomechanical sensors to interrogate the acoustic environment of adjacent air bubbles in water. We report experimental observations of the volume acoustic modes of these bubbles, including both the fundamental Minnaert breathing mode and a family of higher-order modes extending into the megahertz frequency range. Bubbles were placed on or near optomechanical sensors having a noise floor substantially determined by ambient medium fluctuations, and which are thus able to detect thermal motions of proximate objects. Bubble motions could be coupled to the sensor through both air (i.e., with the sensor inside the bubble) and water, verifying that sound is radiated by the high-order modes. We also present evidence for elastic-Purcell-effect modifications of the sensor’s vibrational spectrum when encapsulated by a bubble, in the form of cavity-modified linewidths and line shifts. Our results could increase the understanding of bubble acoustics relevant to a variety of fields such as lab-on-a-chip microfluidics and biosensing, and could also inform future efforts to optimize the properties of micro-mechanical oscillators.
Recent ice melt above a mantle plume track is accelerating the uplift of Southeast Greenland
Authors: Weerdesteijn Maaike F. M. , Conrad Clinton P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAround the periphery of the Greenland ice sheet, satellite-based observations of ground uplift record Earth’s response to past and recent unloading of Greenland’s ice mass. On the southeast coast, near the Kangerlussuaq glacier, rapid uplift exceeding 12 mm/yr cannot be explained using current layered Earth deformation models. Here we find that 3D models with a weakened Earth structure, consistent with the passage of Greenland over the Iceland plume, can explain the rapid uplift of Southeast Greenland. This uplift is dominated by a viscous response that is accelerated by the low viscosities of the hot plume track. Recent mass loss, occurring during the last millennium and especially within the past few decades, drives most of the uplift. Holocene indicators recorded similarly rapid uplift following deglaciation that ended the last ice age. Such rapid uplift, occurring beneath marine terminating glaciers, can affect the future stability of entire ice catchment areas and will become increasingly important in the near future as deglaciation accelerates.
Hearing Loss Health Literacy in Speech-Language Pathologists: Impact of Academic Training and On-the-Job Experience
Authors: Cooper Ellie , Fitton Lisa , Werfel Krystal 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore if academic training and/or on-the-job experience predicts general health literacy, hearing loss health literacy, and self confidence levels of speech-language pathologists (SLPs).

Method:

Participants included 423 SLPs with differing levels of academic training and on-the-job experience working with children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). General health literacy, hearing loss health literacy, and confidence levels treating children who are DHH were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with descriptive statistics, Pearson's
r
correlations, and multiple linear regression models.

Results:
SLPs had high levels of general health literacy but marginal to low levels of hearing loss health literacy. Neither academic training nor on-the-job experience predicted general health literacy, but they were predictive of hearing loss terminology knowledge. Only on-the-job experience predicted in-depth hearing loss content knowledge. There was an interaction of training and experience for confidence of SLPs in treating children who are DHH. SLPs with greater years of experience exhibited lower confidence with an increasing amount of coursework, whereas SLPs with fewer years of experience displayed higher confidence with an increasing amount of coursework.

Conclusions:
Results indicated that the driving factor for development of in-depth hearing loss health literacy in SLPs is on-the-job experience. Methods of integrating experiential learning into academic training should be evaluated.
Remote Microphones Support Speech Recognition in Noise and Reverberation for Children With a Language Disorder
Authors: Gordon Katherine R. , Lewis Dawna , Lowry Stephanie , Smith Maggie , Stecker G. Christopher , McCreery Ryan W. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Children with typical hearing and various language and cognitive challenges can struggle with processing speech in background noise. Thus, children with a language disorder (LD) are at risk for difficulty with speech recognition in poorer acoustic environments.

Method:

The current study compared the effects of background speech-shaped noise (SSN) with and without reverberation on sentence recognition for children with LD (
n
= 9) and typical language development (TLD;
n
= 9). We also investigated whether the use of a remote microphone (RM) improved speech recognition for children with LD.

Results:
Children with LD demonstrated poorer sentence recognition than peers with TLD in SSN. Both groups had poorer sentence recognition with SSN + reverberation than SSN alone. Notably, using an RM improved speech recognition for children with LD in SSN and SSN + reverberation.

Conclusion:
We discuss educational implications and future research questions to identify how to optimally support speech recognition in noisy environments for children with LD.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28037984
Co‐teacher‐guided pseudo label supervision: A semi‐supervised learning framework for muscle and adipose tissue segmentation on chest CT scans
Authors: Yang Jie , Liu Yanli , Chen Xiaoyan , Chen Tianle , Liu Qi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAutomatic segmentation of muscle and adipose tissue in chest CT scans is essential for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of various diseases. However, this task is hindered by the limited availability of annotated data. This study proposes a novel semi‐supervised learning framework, co‐teacher‐guided pseudo‐label supervision (CTGP), to address this challenge. CTGP combines co‐training and the Mean‐Teacher strategy, where predictions generated by teacher models are filtered and utilized as high‐quality pseudo‐labels to train the other student models, thus facilitating co‐training. Additionally, a medical image‐specific augmentation method, MIAugment, is introduced to better adapt to the unique characteristics of medical data. Experiments on a real‐life clinical dataset demonstrate that CTGP achieves high segmentation accuracy with minimal labelled data. Using only 10% of labelled data, the framework achieves a mean Dice Similarity Coefficient of 90.03% for four tissue types, a decrease of just 2.85% compared to fully supervised learning. This approach provides a promising solution for automated muscle and adipose tissue segmentation with limited annotations.
Right Thoracoscopic, Robot-Assisted Resection of an Apical Mediastinal C7 Schwannoma
Authors: Oslin Spencer J. , Villeneuve Lance M. , Shi Helen H. , Muhammad Fauziyya Y. , Reinersman J Matthew , Smith Zachary A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSpinal schwannomas are benign, slow-growing tumors originating from Schwann cells, constituting 25 to 30% of primary spinal neoplasms and most frequently arise from sensory nerve roots in the cervical or thoracic spine.1
2
3 Although generally nonaggressive, their growth can result in significant neurological deficits due to compression of surrounding structures such as the spinal cord or nerve roots.4
5 Patients commonly present with localized pain, muscle weakness, and sensory disturbances.5
6 Imaging techniques such as MRI or CT assist in identifying these tumors, and surgical resection is recommended when they cause progressive symptoms or neurological decline.7
8 Recent advances in surgical techniques have improved the precision of schwannoma resections, reducing intraoperative complications, facilitating patient recovery, and improving overall patient outcomes.9
Manifestaciones de tuberculosis en el miembro superior: Serie de casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Gutiérrez-Zúñiga Daniela , Amaya Andrés Felipe , Gómez-Eslava Bárbara , García Luis Alejandro 
Published: December 2024

Resumen
Objetivo Evaluar los desenlaces de tres casos de tuberculosis musculoesquelética en el miembro superior en pacientes con antecedentes de enfermedades autoinmunes que presentaban compromiso óseo, articular y sinovial en el miembro superior.
Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo tipo serie de casos.
Resultados Pacientes con signos clínicos de infección de curso insidioso, sin respuesta al tratamiento antibiótico de amplio espectro y con pobre respuesta a los desbridamientos quirúrgicos fueron diagnosticados por medio de herramientas como la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (polymerase chain reaction, PCR, en inglés) y recibieron diagnóstico confirmatorio por cultivo de micobacterias. Los signos clínicos de infección resolvieron con la terapia antibiótica tetraconjugada para tuberculosis; sin embargo, los pacientes con compromiso óseo presentaron secuelas de limitación para el movimiento por la destrucción articular.
Conclusión La tuberculosis osteomuscular en el miembro superior es infrecuente, y se debe sospechar ante la presencia de signos locales de infección en pacientes con cultivos negativos para gérmenes comunes que no respondan a tratamientos antibióticos y a desbridamientos locales repetidos, en particular en pacientes con inmunosupresión.
Nivel de evidencia: IV
Circumferential Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Barrett's Esophagus with Multifocal High-Grade Dysplasia
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Singla Vikas , Singh Pankaj , Acharya Kalpana , Aggarwal Komal , Soni Harish 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA 54-year-old male presented with longstanding history of heartburn and regurgitation. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy performed at the previous center were suggestive of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia (HGD). In view of dysplasia with underlying Barrett's esophagus, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was planned. Multifocal high-grade dysplasia with underlying Barrett's esophagus needs treatment to prevent invasive cancer. Surgery has been the conventional treatment but is associated with morbid complications and mortality. ESD has emerged as a treatment for HGD and superficial adenocarcinoma in Barrett's segment, but circumferential ESD is associated with risk of stricture formation. The present case highlights the role of image-enhanced endoscopy in identifying dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus and minimally invasive endoscopic techniques as an alternative to conventional surgical techniques and prophylactic measures needed to prevent post-ESD complications.
¿La placa tercio de tubo como placa gancho es una alternativa de osteosíntesis en fracturas de tobillo? 20 años de experiencia
Authors: Barros Edgar Alejandro Prieto , Noboa Carlos Eduardo Freile , Peñaherrera Carlos Patricio Carrillo , Endara Francisco Urresta , Barros Alejandro Xavier Castro , Romero Myrian Andrea Barros , Barcia Christian Andrés Velásquez 
Published: December 2024

Resumen
Introducción El uso de la placa tercio de tubo como placa gancho para el tratamiento de fracturas de tobillo ha sido considerado una alternativa eficaz para la osteosíntesis en situaciones que involucran fragmentos óseos pequeños, fracturas multifragmentarias, o en pacientes con huesos de baja calidad. Esta técnica fue documentada por primera vez en 1948. La placa tercio de tubo se ha empleado exitosamente en fracturas de diversas localizaciones anatómicas. Hoy en día, esta placa está disponible en titanio y acero inoxidable con un grosor de 1,0 milímetros, siendo apropiada para zonas con escasa cobertura de tejido blando. Después de dos décadas de uso, este artículo presenta la placa tercio de tubo tipo placa gancho como una alternativa viable y efectiva para el tratamiento de fracturas de tobillo.
Material Y Métodos Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que incluyó a 83 pacientes a lo largo de 20 años. De estos, el 57,84% eran hombres y la edad varió entre 22 a 85 años. El 9,6% de las fracturas eran expuestas, distribuyéndose en 50% Grado II, 38% Grado IIIA, y 12% Grado IIIB. Todos los pacientes recibieron reducción abierta y osteosíntesis dentro de las primeras 24 horas.
Resultados La consolidación de las fracturas se observó en el 81,93% de los casos a las 12 semanas, en el 4,8% entre las 13 years 16 semanas, y en el 9,6% después de 16 semanas. Un 3,6% de los casos presentó retardo en la consolidación, con un proceso de consolidación entre 20 years 24 semanas. Las complicaciones se reportaron en un 3,61% de los casos. Además, un paciente desarrolló artrosis de tobillo, y solo el 2,49% requirió la extracción de implantes.
Conclusión Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la placa tercio de tubo tipo placa gancho es una opción efectiva y recomendable en la cirugía de fracturas de tobillo, con buenos resultados funcionales, altas tasas de consolidación y bajas tasas de complicaciones.