bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust storage qubits in ultracold polar molecules
Authors: Gregory Philip , Blackmore Jacob , Bromley Sarah , Hutson Jeremy , Cornish Simon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Quantum states with long-lived coherence are essential for quantum computation, simulation and metrology. The nuclear spin states of ultracold molecules prepared in the singlet rovibrational ground state are an excellent candidate for encoding and storing quantum information. However, it is important to understand all sources of decoherence for these qubits, and then eliminate them, in order to reach the longest possible coherence times. Here, we fully characterise the dominant mechanisms for decoherence of a storage qubit in an optically trapped ultracold gas of RbCs molecules using high-resolution Ramsey spectroscopy. Guided by a detailed understanding of the hyperfine structure of the molecule, we tune the magnetic field to where a pair of hyperfine states have the same magnetic moment. These states form a qubit, which is insensitive to variations in magnetic field. Our experiments reveal an unexpected differential tensor light shift between the states, caused by weak mixing of rotational states. We demonstrate how this light shift can be eliminated by setting the angle between the linearly polarised trap light and the applied magnetic field to a magic angle of arccos(1/√3)≈55°. This leads to a coherence time exceeding 6.9 s (90% confidence level). Our results unlock the potential of ultracold molecules as a platform for quantum computation.
Effects of mobility restrictions on mental health among young adults in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Arias Tannia Valeria Carpio , Santiago Piedra , Cifuentes Tomás Marcelo Nicolalde , Arias Diana Carolina Mogrovejo , Samaniego María Victoria Padilla , Veloz Estephany Carolina Tapia , Veloz María Fernanda Vinueza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effects of mobility restriction on the mental health of Ecuadorian young adults. Methods: The current is a cross-sectional study that included 8426 young adults. Socio-demographic and mental health data were collected through an online survey during May-June 2020 in Ecuador. Data on mobility was extracted from Google Mobility Reports. Four aspects of the participants’ mental health were evaluated: eating behavior (emotional eating), depression, sleep quality and sense of coherence using previously validated instruments. Data were analyzed using linear regression using R. Results: Mean age of the participants was 22.85 (SD = 4.43), most of whom were women (n = 5943, 70.53%). During mandatory confinement, mobility due to retail and recreation, to groceries and pharmacies, to parks, to transit stations, to workplaces were reduced by nearly 50%. In contrast, mobility to places of residence increased by nearly 20%. Less healthy eating behavior was associated with lower mobility to retail/recreation, residential or workplaces. Depression was associated with lower mobility to residential and workplaces. Worse quality of sleep was associated with lower mobility to retail/recreation, residential and workplaces. Higher sense of coherence was associated with higher mobility to residential and to workplaces. Women and youngsters more often showed depression, less healthy eating behavior, worse quality of sleep and lower sense of coherence. Conclusion: Mobility restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on people's mental health. Prevention and health promotion measures directed to ameliorate the effects of confinement on mental health should target risk populations including women and youngsters.
Metallic Reflector-Based X-Band Circularly Polarized Hollow Dielectric Resonator Antenna for High Gain in UWB Applications
Authors: YADAV SACHIN KUMAR , Kaur Amanpreet , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A circularly polarized hollow dielectric resonator antenna (CPHDRA) is designed for X-band applications. Rectangular dielectric resonator (RDR) is used as a radiator element, fed by a quarter-wave transformer (QWT) feedline. By performance of the RDR antenna, an air cylindrical rod structure is extracted from RDR to enhance the gain and impedance bandwidth. Two parasitic strips are placed on the top of the RDR to achieve circular polarization with reported ≤ 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth for X-band applications. In this article, UWB antenna covers range from 2.74 to 10.4GHz by using asymmetrical defective ground structure (DGS). In near field of the dielectric resonator, three different radiating modes namely HE11δ, HE21δ, HE23δ, and HE32δ are at 4.4, 6, 8.8, and 9.9 GHz. For the generation of circular polarization (CP), two orthogonal modes are generated at 8.8 and 9.9 GHz as per XZ and YZ planes. It has reported 23.8 % (8 to 10.1 GHz) of 3-dB AR bandwidth. The simulated and measured impedance bandwidths are 118.46 % and 121.12 % along with a peak gain of 6.55 dB without the use of a metallic reflector. By using a metallic reflector suspended in the bottom side of the substrate with a distance of 13.1mm is reported along with the peak gain of 9.8 dBi.
High Vitamin K Status is Prospectively Associated with Decreased Left Ventricular Mass in Women: The Hoorn Study
Authors: Beulens Joline W.J. , Canto Elisa Dal , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , Rennenberg Roger J.M.W. , Elders Petra J.M , Ballegooijen Adriana Johanne van 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Vitamin K is associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk such as heart failure, possibly by carboxylation of matrix-gla protein (MGP), a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification. The relationship of vitamin K intake or status with cardiac structure and function is largely unknown. Therefore this study aims to investigate the prospective association of vitamin K status and intake with echocardiographic measures. Methods: This study included 427 participants from the Hoorn Study, a population-based cohort. Vitamin K status was assessed at baseline by plasma desphospho-uncarboxylated MGP (dp-ucMGP) with higher concentrations reflecting lower vitamin K status. Vitamin K intake was assessed at baseline with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and after 7.6 years follow-up. We used linear regression for the association of vitamin K status and intake with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial volume index (LAVI) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI), adjusted for potential confounders.Results: The mean age was 66.8±6.1 years (51% were male). A high vitamin K status was prospectively associated with decreased LVMI -5.0 (-10.5;0.4) g/m2.7 for the highest quartile compared to the lowest in women (P-interaction sex=0.07). No association was found in men. Vitamin K status was not associated with LVEF or LAVI. Intakes of vitamin K were not associated with any of the echocardiographic measures.Conclusions: This study indicates that a high vitamin K status is associated with decreased LVMI only in women. These results extend previous findings for a role of vitamin K status to decrease heart failure risk.
Examining Land Surface Temperature Relations with Major Air Pollutant: A Remote Sensing Research in Case of Tehran
Authors: Fuladlu Kamyar , Altan Hasim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUrban air pollution is a multifaceted and dynamic mixture of Land Surface Temperature (LST), gaseous pollutants, and particulate matter with daily and seasonal changes due to anthropogenic activities, land-cover transformation, and climatic conditions. Today, the relationship between urban biophysical and thermal conditions and their relationship with land-cover is well-known. However, the absence of a dense network of land-based meteorological stations was an obstacle to the study of LST in comparison to the Major Air Pollutant (MAP).MethodThe current research proposes an integration of LST derived by Sentinel-3 SLSTR, to investigate LST relationships to the MAP derived by Sentinel-5 Precursor, and air pollution monitoring system station of Iran in the case of Tehran province. The method of research is designed in a time-series manner with the use of a Python application programming interface, geographical information system, and remote sensing.ResultBased on the mean concentration of the Particular Matter (PM), Sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) are mainly in the Tehran metropolis and the core of the urban area. A negative correlation was noted between the PM₂₅, SO₂, NO₂, and altitude, additionally, increasing the altitude negatively affects the concentration of the LST, Carbon monoxide (CO), and Ozone (O₃) values in Tehran province. Unlike, CO and O₃ have positive correlations with LST, which stand for the mutual impacts of the LST, CO, and O₃ values in Tehran province.
A high-dynamic-range visual sensing method for feature extraction of welding pool based on adaptive image fusion
Authors: Zhang Baori , Shi Yonghua , Cui Yanxin , Wang Zishun , Chen Xiyin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The high dynamic range existing in arc welding with high energy density challenges most of the industrial cameras, causing badly exposed pixels in the captured images and bringing difficulty to the feature detection from internal weld pool. This paper proposes a novel monitoring method called adaptive image fusion, which increases the amount of information contained in the welding image and can be realized on the common industrial camera with low cost. It combines original images captured rapidly by the camera into one fused image and the setting of these images is based on the real time analysis of realistic scene irradiance during the welding. Experiments are carried out to find out the operating window for the adaptive image fusion method, providing the rules for getting a fused image with as much as information as possible. The comparison between the imaging with or without the proposed method proves that the fused image has a wider dynamic range and includes more useful features from the weld pool. The improvement is also verified by extracting both the internal and external features of weld pool within a same fused image with proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can adaptively expand the dynamic range of visual monitoring system with low cost, which benefits the feature extraction from the internal weld pool.
The role of diversity in mediating microbiota structural and functional responses in two sympatric species of abalone under stressed withering syndrome conditions
Authors: Cicala Francesco , Cisterna-Céliz José Alejandro , Paolinelli Marcos , Moore James D. , Sevigni Joseph , Rocha-Olivares Axayacatl 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The withering syndrome (WS) is an infectious disease initially affecting the gastro-intestinal tract (GI) of wild abalone populations of the coasts of Baja California. In spite of its high incidence, structural and functional changes in abalone GI microbiotas under WS-stressed conditions remain poorly investigated. Moreover, it is equally uncertain if interspecific microbiota features, such as the presence or absence of certain bacterial species, their abundances, and their functional capabilities, may prevent or at least lead to different microbiota responses. Healthy Haliotis fulgens and Haliotis corrugata from Baja California Sur (Mexico) harbor species-specific structural and functional microbiota profiles; hence, we hypothesize a distinctive microbiota response under WS-stressed conditions. Here, we compared both the structural arrangements and functional capabilities of healthy and dysbiotic microbiotas using 454 pyrosequencing high throughput sequencing technologies and PICRUSt v.2 outputs, respectively.Results: Our findings suggest that the extent to which WS may involve structural and functional changes in GI microbiotas is contingent on the microbiota diversity itself. Indeed, we report significant structual alterations in the less complex microbiotas of H. fulgens, which in turn led to a significant downregulation of several metabolic activities conducted by GI bacteria. Conversely, the effects of WS were marginal in more complex bacterial communities, as in H. corrugata, in which no significant structural and functional changes were detected. Conclusions: Our results provide new insights concerning the role of microbiome diversity in abalone health and the etiology of WS. Notably, complex bacterial communities appear to be less affected by WS than less complex microbiotas. Moreover, our insights suggest that structural changes observed under WS-stressed conditions may be considered stochastic, as predicted by the Anna Karenina principle, and result in the downregulation of several ecological functions conducted by GI bacteria. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that the occurrence of WS may be associated with shifts in GI microbiotas. Moreover, we propose that the susceptibility to WS that has been reported among abalone species may reflect the natural degree of complexity of the GI microbiomes harbored by each species.
Protective Effect of Acmella Ciliata Extract and Spilanthol in Streptozotocin-induced Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model: Possible Involvement of the of Decreased Oxidative Stress by Activating TRPV1 Receptors
Authors: Goncalves Ana Elisa , Silveira Narjara , Oliveira Luana de , Lima Marihá Gonzaga , Biavatti Maique , Cazarin Camila , Souza Marcia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Acmella ciliata extract on memory impairment and oxidative stress dysfunction in the brain after intracerebral (i.c.v.) administration of 0.5 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) twice within 48 h in mice. Animals received orally treatment with ethanolic extract (50–150 mg/kg), hexane fraction (100 mg/kg) galantamine (40 mg/kg) and spilanthol (10 mg/kg), an alkamide isolated from the hexane fraction for 15 days. They were subjected to memory tests, inhibitory prevention (IAT) and the new object recognition tests (NOR). Experiments were performed with the animals' brains to evaluate the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymes and to estimate malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. We found that the treatments prevented STZ-induced memory loss, assessed by the IAT and NOR. Biochemical analysis revealed that STZ significantly increased levels of MDA and depleted (GSH) in mice’s brain. The extract decreased oxidation, as evidenced by a significant decrease in MDA and an increase in the antioxidant markers levels in mice treated with STZ. The positive effects of plant extract and fraction on STZ-induced memory deficits appear to be related to spilanthol and its activity on TRPV1 receptors, since pretreatment with capsazapine promotes the reversal of these effects. The results together demonstrate the beneficial effects of A. ciliata and spilanthol in preventing memory impairment, oxidative stress and dysfunction caused by STZ in mice. Therefore, there is a potential of this plant and its main compound spilanthol in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Synoptic Conditions Controlling the Seasonal Onset and Days of Heatwaves Over Korea
Authors: Choi Woosuk , Ho Chang-Hoi , Jung Jiyoung , Chang Minhee , Ha Kyung-Ja 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As global warming gets worse, the extreme heat exposure time is expected to increase. Considering that the heatwave damages increased by the accumulation of heat stress, it is important to understand the heatwave onset and number of heatwave days (HWDs). Here, we show that the end of East Asian summer monsoon activity (i.e., Changma retreat date, CRD) could be an indicator in determining the onset of the heatwave, and the barotropic structure induced by the circumglobal and Pacific–Japan teleconnections is a key factor in lengthening the number of HWDs in Korea. The onset of the heatwave is delayed when CRD belated than the climatology late over Korea due to sufficient moisture transportation between the edge of western North Pacific subtropical high and cold polar air mass in July. The number of HWDs from July through August over Korea shows a positive linear relationship with the synoptic stagnation index because the upper-layer anticyclone associated with stagnation is formed around Korea by zonal wave activity. Barotropic anticyclone stabilizes the atmosphere and increases the number of clear sky days, which possibly leads to hot days. Fewer HWDs are observed when there is baroclinic instability due to strong upper-level jet stream and synoptic-scale weather systems move smoothly. By identifying the meteorological mechanism of heatwave occurrence and favorable conditions for sustained hot days over Korea, our results are eventually able to contribute to reducing damages caused by heatwaves.
Prognostic Impact of Immune-Related Adverse Events on Patients with and Without&nbsp;Cardiovascular Disease: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Kazama Shingo , Morimoto Ryota , Kimura Yuki , Shibata Naoki , Ozaki Reina , Araki Takashi , Mizutani Takashi , Oishi Hideo , Arao Yoshihito , Kuwayama Tasuku , Hiraiwa Hiroaki , Kondo Toru , Furusawa Kenji , Shimokata Tomoya , Okumura Takahiro , Bando Yasuko K , Ando Yuichi , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has brought about a paradigm shift in cancer treatment as the use of these drugs has become more frequent and for a longer duration. As a result of T-cell-mediated inflammation at the programmed cell death-1, programmed death-ligand-1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 pathways, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur in various organs and can cause a rare but potentially induced cardiotoxicity. Although irAEs are associated with the efficacy of ICI therapy and better prognosis, there is limited information about the correlation between irAEs and cardiotoxicity and whether the benefits of irAEs apply to patients with underlying cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the association of irAEs and treatment efficacy in patients undergoing ICI therapy with and without a cardiovascular history.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of 409 consecutive patients who received ICI therapy from September 2014 to October 2019.Results: Median patient age was 69 years (29.6% were female). The median follow-up period was 278 days. In total, 69 (16.9%) patients had a history of any cardiovascular disease and 14 (3.4%) patients experienced cardiovascular irAEs after ICI administration. The rate of cardiovascular irAEs was higher in patients with prior non-cardiovascular irAEs than without. The prognosis of patients with irAEs (+) was significantly better than that of the patients without irAEs (P < 0.001); additionally, this tendency did not depend on the presence or absence of a cardiovascular history. Furthermore, the Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that irAEs were an independent predictor of mortality.Conclusions: Occurrence of irAEs had a prognostic impact regardless of cardiovascular history. Although non-cardiovascular irAEs may be related to cardiovascular irAEs under ICI therapy, occurrence of this cardiotoxicity had little impact on prognosis.
Multi-source and Multi-fault Condition Monitoring Based on Parallel Factor Analysis and Sequential Probability Ratio Test
Authors: Yang Liu , Chen Hanxin , Ke Yao , Li Menglong , Huang Lang , Miao Yuzhuo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The monitoring of mechanical equipment systems contains an increasing number of complex content, expanding from traditional time and frequency information to three-dimensional data of the time, space and frequency information, and even higher-dimensional data containing subjects , experimental conditions. For high-dimensional data analysis, traditional decomposition methods such as Hilbert Transform, Fast Fourier Transformation and Gabor transformation not only lose the integrity of the data, but also increase the amount of calculation and introduce a lot of redundant information. The phenomenon of feature coupling, aliasing and redundancy between the mechanical multi-source data signals will cause the inaccuracy of the evaluation, diagnosis and prediction of industrial production operation status. The analysis of the three-way tensor composed of channel, frequency and time is called Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC). The properties between the parallel factor analysis results and the input signals are studied through simulation experiments. Parallel factor analysis is used to decompose the third-order tensor composed of channel-time-frequency after continuous wavelet transformation of vibration signal into channel, time and frequency characteristics. Multi-scale parallel factor analysis successfully extracted nonlinear multi-dimensional dynamic fault characteristics by generating the spatial, spectral, time-domain signal loading value and three-dimensional fault characteristic expression. In order to verify the effectiveness of the space, frequency and time domain signal loading values of the fault characteristic factors generated by the centrifugal pump system after parallel factor analysis, the characteristic factors obtained after parallel factor analysis are used as the SPRT test sequence for identification and verification. The results indicate that the method proposed in this article improves the measurement accuracy and intelligence of mechanical fault detection.
Study on the influencing factors of the deformation in the process of gear shaping
Authors: Zhao Xiuxu , Liu Qingzhuang , Fu Yu , Chen Peng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ring gear is an important part of high-power transmission system. Because of its thin wall and low stiffness, it is easy to produce deformation in the process of gear shaping, which affects its accuracy. In order to ensure the machining quality of gear shaper, this research focuses on the typical material 42CrMo, which is used in the gear ring of automobile gearbox. Through the finite element simulation and actual test, the influence of gear shaper cutting parameters on the deformation of gear ring is studied. The results show that the influence of the main cutting parameters on the deformation of the ring gear is in the order of radial feed, circumferential feed, stroke speed and cutting depth. In the actual gear shaping process, the cutting parameters can be adjusted according to the deformation law of 42CrMo workpiece in the gear shaping process, so as to control the deformation of gear ring.
Effect of Oxygen Vacancy Concentration on the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Anatase TiO2: DFT and Experimental Studies
Authors: Jia Shufang , Gao Jiaqi , Shen Qianqian , Xue Jinbo , Zhang Zhuxia , Liu Xuguang , Jia Husheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Oxygen vacancies (OVs) are important for changing the geometric and electronic structure as well as the chemical properties of anatase TiO2. In this work, we performed a DFT calculation on the electronic structure and catalytic performance of anatase TiO2 (101) with different numbers of OVs. A comparison of the measured XRD results with the simulated ones of TiO2 demonstrates that OVs can cause changes in the crystal structure. The changes in the electronic structure (Mulliken charges, band structure, and partial density of states) and water splitting on TiO2 (101) surfaces were investigated as a function of oxygen vacancy concentration. The results show that the introduction of oxygen vacancy forms impurity levels below the conduction band of Ti 3d orbitals, and electrons can gradually transit from VB to CB through the impurity levels. However, when oxygen vacancy concentration is too high, the maximum electron transition energy increases and the promotion effect of oxygen vacancy on water splitting is weakened. This work would provide more enlightenment and information for the design of defective TiO2 with higher photocatalytic activity.