bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enlightening the Chemistry of Infalling Envelopes and Accretion Disks Around Sun-Like Protostars: The ALMA FAUST Project
Authors: Codella C. , Ceccarelli C. , Chandler C. , Sakai N. , Yamamoto S. , The FAUST Team  
Published: December 2021

The huge variety of planetary systems discovered in recent decades likely depends on the early history of their formation. In this contribution, we introduce the FAUST Large Program which focuses specifically on the early history of solar-like protostars and their chemical diversity at scales of ∼ 50 au, where planets are expected to form. In particular, the goal of the project is to reveal and quantify the variety of chemical composition of the envelope/disk system at scales of 50 au in a sample of Class 0 and I protostars representative of the chemical diversity observed at larger scales. For each source, we propose a set of molecules able to (1) disentangle the components of the 50–2000 au envelope/disk system, (2) characterize the organic complexity in each of them, (3) probe their ionization structure, and (4) measure their molecular deuteration. The output will be a homogeneous database of thousands of images from different lines and species, i.e., an unprecedented source survey of the chemical diversity of solar-like protostars. FAUST will provide the community with a legacy dataset that will be a milestone for astrochemistry and star formation studies.
World ratings: features of formation and impact on the on the country’s economic growth
Authors: Shmahelska Marina 
Published: December 2021

The article investigates the ratings formation as a special type of activity that is actively implemented in a market economy. The process of creating a rating system is considered. It is established that the analysis results of economic entities activities are expressed as the results of evaluation in the rating scale. The main difference between the concepts of «rating» and «ranking» is determined, which allows building economic entities according to the ranking, that is, according to one of the indicators. The criteria that underlie the classification of ratings are analyzed. It is noted that in the economic literature, in most cases, it is carried out by rating agencies and companies. It is established that the rating process, as a business, has not only a methodological, but also a certain moral component. The regulatory element of rating agencies and features of their national and international rating scales are studied. A set (system) of national rating scales are determined, which provides the most complete and objective assessment of the issuer’s creditworthiness. The ratings of international rating agencies, which are assigned, usually, on two scales: international and national, are studied. It has been proven that changes in ratings play an important role for transactions with interest rate risks, as information for investors in decision making. The main methods of rating are established, which are largely closed. The leading credit ratings of international agencies, which are used by portfolio investors in decision-making, including country and regional ratings, are named. The main advantages that provide credibility to the ratings are substantiated, such as: the agency’s reputation; the agency has a generally recognized and accessible reporting methodology; differences in approaches to the analysis of rating subjects.
Chinese social credit system: key features and possibility of using in Ukraine
Authors: Shved Vadym 
Published: December 2021

The article considers the key features of the social credit (rating) system implementation and functioning, which is the main tool for digitalization of Chinese society, and in the future is considered by the Chinese authorities as a basic mechanism of electronic government. The historical retrospective of the phenomenon of social rating emergence and development, which was later transformed into social credit, is presented. Attention is paid to the differences in the implementation and functioning of the social credit system, depending on regional characteristics. The participants in the social credit system and the main mechanisms for collecting information for the social credit level formation, including through the mandatory use of specially designed ID-cards, and recently the almost widespread use of the verification for a person by face, have been determined. Despite the position of the Chinese authorities, according to which the use of the social credit system is successful, a list of shortcomings that are now inherent in this system, both of an author’s and of an expert nature, is given. The practice of implementation the state digital eco-environment «Diia» (State and I), which is a key tool for building a digital state, as well as the functional content of the «Diia» eco-environment (service) and its main components, is analyzed. The basic shortcomings that are now inherent in the service are determined, in particular, the key tool in the fight against coronavirus – «Diia. Vdoma», as well as the controversial character of the proposed innovation for the business environment «Diia. City». The features of the declared novel of the relationship between the citizen and state ‒ the concept of «paperless», are studied. The issue of regulation of the «Diia» eco-environment functioning is raised in the context of the legislative introduction of the concept of «paperless» announced on September 1, 2021. The conclusion is substantiated that the basic mechanisms are already being introduced in Ukraine, which form the basis for the Chinese social credit system functioning, in particular, through the tools of citizensʼ verification. On the basis of the analysis carried out, proposals are made to improve the functionality of the «Diia» eco-environment.
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF MODERNIZATION OF TRAINING OF THE FUTURE BIOLOGY TEACHERS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES IN PROFESSIONAL WORK
Authors: DYACHENKO-BOHUN M. , MICHEENKO A. , GAFIAK A. 
Published: December 2021

In the article the basic directions of modernization of training of the future biology teachers for the implementation of health-saving technologies in professional work. The modernization of the educational process in higher educational institutions provide a qualitative transformation of biology training future teachers to realization health-saving technologies on par with the best international standards. The necessity of the use of interactive teaching methods, the individualization of the educational process, the widespread involvement of advanced multimedia and Internet technologies.
Ways to improve the teaching of natural sciences and implement innovative systems for training of teachers in healthcare is fundamentalization training, competence development, the use of active forms and methods of teaching. These areas of modernization of the educational process in higher educational institutions will provide qualitative transformation of the biology training of teachers to implement technology to preserve the health of the world's best standards.
Support innovation orientation training future teachers of natural sciences to implement health-saving technologies in educational institutions in the conditions of possible learning environment that combines educational and scientific activities, implements innovative research and educational programs
This will ensure the readiness of future biology teachers to use technology to preserve the health of their educational activities.
EDUCATIONAL MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS TO STUDY BIOLOGY IN SECONDARY SCHOOL AND LYCEUM OF BIOLOGICAL PROFILE
Authors: ZAITSEVA I. , YUSYPIVA T. , MIASOID H. 
Published: December 2021

The article considers the issues of educational motivation, in particular the motivation to study biology in secondary and specialized public schools. The paper examines types of learning motivation: internal and external (Derbeniova, 2012), social motives to learn (Bozhovych, 2001), motivation as a personal trait (Leontiev, 2002). Issues with low involvement of high school students to take an external examination in biology were also in focus. Some scholars argue, that secondaryschools are mainly focused on maintaining external motivation in the form of tests, orders and requirements, which has a detrimental effect on internal motivation and leads to a gradual decrease in students' interest in learning (Makovetska, 2015), while specialised high school, in particular in the natural sciences, creates motivating learning environments, like innovative forms and methods of teaching, which build stronger student conscious motivation for learning and facilitate cognitive activity, which promotes the development of abilities and talents, needs and skills for self-improvement. future training (Moroz, 2006). Therefore, the purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of student motivation to study biology in secondary school and in the lyceum of biological profile.
The phenomenon of motivation and learning motivation of secondary school students and specialized medical education institutions by surveying high school students using the methods of O. Okuneva, L. Vasilieva and additional questions on motivation to study biology. According to the method by O. Okuneva, L. Vasilieva, the level of development of learning motivation, type of motivation and motivation indicator as an indicator of success and avoidance of failures were revealed, factors influencing student learning were analysed. It is established that all blocks of the motivational structure have higher scores among the respondents of the specialised institution of secondary education. The largest statistical difference was observed in students of the two institutions in block 2, the formation of the ability to set goals. Students of the profile institution have a higher individual focus on learning, better formed internal incentives, as well as greater self-confidence and independence from other members of the group, whichhelps to choose a future profession. As a result of the survey, organizational forms of education and types of tasks that should be used in the educational process in order to strengthen the learning motivation of high school students are identified.
METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF A.S. MAKARENKO’S PEDAGOGY AND HUMANISTIC GUIDELINES OF MODERN EDUCATION
Authors: КOLOS Yu. , PASHKO L. , VASYLETS Yu. 
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the methodological sources and humanistic guidelines of modern education. The philosophical bases of A.S. Makarenko’s pedagogy and pedagogical ideas of G.V. Mohnenko are presented. New approaches to eliminating bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism and drug addiction are shown in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize humanistic guidelines and dimensions, their meaning and prospects in modern education. In his colonies A.S. Makarenko organized a humanistic and democratic micro-society. One of his main pedagogical ideas was the education of the individual in the team and through the team. The young teacher tokk interest in philosophical works, literature, psychology, history and other sciences, in particular, the works by Bergson, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and others. The idea of pedagogical expediency was successfully implemented in the practice of A.S. Makarenko, and is closely intertwined with the concept of "common sense" by Henri Bergson. The article considers the following principles of Makarenko's pedagogy: parallel action, i.e. influence on the personality through the team, reliance on positive in the pupil’s personality, perspective lines in the development of the team, "tomorrow's joy" and others. Nowadays, new societal challenges have emerged that require new approaches to education in the context of the spread of alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction. An important and interesting experience is the approaches of Gennady Viktorovich Mokhnenko, an innovative teacher, the founder and head of the largest children's rehabilitation center "Republic Pilgrim" and a network of rehabilitation centers for adults.
USING GROUP-BASED METHODS IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM WITH STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors: SOKURENKO T. , KONONENKO O. , KRYSHTAL A. 
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the problem of using group-based foreign language learning in higher education establishments. The emphasis is on the advantages of small-group work in the foreign language classroom. The general models of using small groups are described in the article.
Prevalence of burnout among GPs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Karuna Christo , Palmer Victoria , Scott Anthony , Gunn Jane 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundBurnout is a work-related syndrome documented to have negative consequences for GPs and their patients.AimTo review the existing literature concerning studies published up to December 2020 on the prevalence of burnout among GPs in general practice, and to determine GP burnout estimates worldwide.Design and settingSystematic literature search and meta-analysis.MethodSearches of CINAHL Plus, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus were conducted to identify published peer-reviewed quantitative empirical studies in English up to December 2020 that have used the Maslach Burnout Inventory — Human Services Survey to establish the prevalence of burnout in practising GPs (that is, excluding GPs in training). A random-effects model was employed.ResultsWide-ranging prevalence estimates (6% to 33%) across different dimensions of burnout were reported for 22 177 GPs across 29 countries were reported for 60 studies included in this review. Mean burnout estimates were: 16.43 for emotional exhaustion; 6.74 for depersonalisation; and 29.28 for personal accomplishment. Subgroup and meta-analyses documented that country-specific factors may be important determinants of the variation in GP burnout estimates. Moderate overall burnout cut-offs were found to be determinants of the variation in moderate overall burnout estimates.ConclusionModerate to high GP burnout exists worldwide. However, substantial variations in how burnout is characterised and operationalised has resulted in considerable heterogeneity in GP burnout prevalence estimates. This highlights the challenge of developing a uniform approach, and the importance of considering GPs' work context to better characterise burnout.
Designing a Star Schema for Optimizing the Total Sales of Motorcycles
Authors: Eka Praja Wiyata Mandala  , Randy Permana  , Dewi Eka Putri  
Published: December 2021

Motorcycle sales have increased significantly, motorcycle manufacturers are competing to produce the latest models which are then sold to consumers. As a result, motorcycle dealers are overwhelmed with more and more data, not knowing what to do with it. Motorcycle dealers also have difficulty calculating the total sales of motorcycles. We try to provide solutions to deal with data overflow. We propose designing a star schema as the basis for creating a data warehouse. To create a star schema, we propose a four-step sequence in creating an effective star schema, starting from requirements analysis and reporting, understanding business processes, connecting and matching business processes with suitable entities and determining the dimensions of the business processes. We get a star schema with 1 fact table, motorcycle_sales and 11 of dimension tables, such as brand, color, customer, customer_contract, distributor, district, motorcycle, repair_workshop, sell_location, type and time. The star schema is an optimized model that provides the best performance in presenting more complex information
PENDAMPINGAN TERHADAP GURU DALAM MENERAPKAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN YANG EFEKTIF DAN INOVATIF DALAM MENARIK MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DI MI NASRUL ULUM KLAGENSRAMPAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Latifatul Umroh Ida , Suryani Khotimah , Sholihah Ita Hidayatus , Andika Krisna , Rihlatulillah  
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this activity is for increasing students interest in learning at MI Nasrul Ulum Klagensrampat. This activity uses a learning method in conveying material to students.By applying this method the writer hopes that the learning process can be achieved properly. Therefore, it is very important for educators to recognize several kinds of learning methods so that students feel happy and comfortable when learning takes place. The writing of this work were supported by the researcher’s activity after doing identification and communication with the teacher, so that the researchers and the teacher were able to find out the obstacles faced by the students in teaching and learning activity which has been done. In this activity, the researcher applied various methods of effective and innovative teaching which were able to increase students learning interest. The learning methods are puzzle method, flashcard method, silent way method, make a match method, snowball method, bamboo method, and monopoly method
Mujer y bioética. Experiencias y sugerencias educativas
Authors: Santa Cruz Vera Dalia Jaqueline , Bolívar Ramírez Marisol , Tobón Gallego Laura Isabel , Ortiz Núñez Sagrario 
Published: December 2021

El urgente reclamo de una presencia más incisiva de la mujer en la vida política, social y cultural se realiza desde diferentes frentes, y con muy diversas motivaciones. Sin embargo, el aporte genuino que a ella le corresponde, podría frustrarse cuando se descuidan las características constitutivas de la mujer. Ante este riego, el ámbito educativo se presenta como una palestra idónea para conocer la esencia femenina y al mismo tiempo impregnar con ella la práctica docente. El presente artículo es fruto de la investigación y enseñanza de la bioética inserta en el currículo de Humanidades y Enfermería, y tiene por objetivo profundizar en las cualidades de lo auténtico femenino para mostrar en qué medida podrían enriquecer la praxis educativa universitaria. Los referentes teóricos son, principalmente, las reflexiones antropológicas sobre la mujer de Edith Stein y Juan Pablo II. Se ahonda en tres rasgos que representan mejor la naturaleza femenina: interioridad y apertura, maternidad y cuidado de la vida, fortaleza y conciencia de la debilidad; a partir de los cuales se ofrecen algunas sugerencias y experiencias educativas.
En conclusión, el genio femenino, signado por la entrega y la solidaridad, puede materializarse en estrategias específicas que favorecen la enseñanza de la ética y de las humanidades, para contribuir al desarrollo de una cultura en favor de la vida y de un más arraigado compromiso social con la persona y su dignidad.
PEMBELAJARAN TAJWID DAN TAHSIN AL-QUR’AN DENGAN METODE QIRA’ATI DI RUMAH BELAJAR MAHASISWA KKN DESA HAMBUKU HULU
Authors: Assya’bani Ridhatullah , Sari Anita , Hafizah Elfa , Hasanah Faizatul , Marniyah Marniyah 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya anak-anak pada saat sekarang ini, khususnya pada daerah perdesaan, dimana masih terdapat anak yang belum bisa membaca Al Qur'an sesuai ilmu tajwid dan tahsin. Kalau sejak dini masih belum mampu membaca Al-Qur'an menggunakan ilmu tajwid dan tahsin, maka akan sulit juga ketika besar memahami hukum-hukum bacaan yang ada didalam Al-Qur'an. Maka dari itu banyak orangtua menitipkan anaknya ke Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran (TPA) untuk belajar agama, khususnya cara membaca Al-Quran. Namun hal ini masih saja belum optimal dikarenakan sebagian Guru disana tidak menerapkan pembelajaran ilmu tajwid dan tahsin, maka dengan demikian, dibangunlah sebuah rumah belajar mahasiswa KKN yang disana mereka mengajarkan sebuah pembelajaran tajwid dan tahsin. Yaitu memakai suatu metode untuk memudahkan anak di dalam membaca Alquran, yaitu metode Qiroati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi metode Qiroati, serta faktor yang menjadi penunjang dan penghambat pembelajaran membaca Alquran. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan deskriptive interpretative. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada metode Qiroati mampu diterapkan di desa tersebut, karena dengan menggunakan metode ini mampu menarik anak-anak untuk rajin membaca Al-Qur'an dan juga agar anak tidak merasa bosan ketika belajar membaca Al-Quran. Faktor yang menjadi penunjang di dalam pembelajaran Alquran yaitu (a) Tempat; dan (b) Media Pembelajaran Kemudian faktor yang menjadi pengahambatnya yaitu (a) Orangtua; dan (b) minat dan motivasi anak (c) saran dan prasrana
Kata kunci: implementasi, metode Qiroati, membaca Alquran.
Analisis Beberapa Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Volume Penjualan Telur Ayam Ras pada PT. Manuntung Raya, Balikpapan Utara
Authors: Nursida Nursida , Kusumawati Nila , Minanga Yanti Langi’ 
Published: December 2021

PT. Manuntung Raya adalah suatu perusahaan peternakan yang berada di Kelurahan Karang Joang, Balikpapan Utara. Perusahaan ini mengusahakan beberapa jenis komoditi ternak termasuk ayam ras petelur. Produksi telur ayam ras PT. Manuntung Raya dikenal dengan telur ayam ras km.18. Telur ini diminati oleh banyak konsumen dan dipasarkan di wilayah Balikpakan maupun di luar Balikpapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh produksi telur, harga jual, dan jumlah pembeli baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial terhadap volume penjualan telur di PT. Manuntung Raya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Juni 2019 di PT. Manuntung Raya, Balikpapan Utara. Data yang digunakan adalah data runtun waktu tahun 2016-2018. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan regresi linear berganda. Data diolah menggunakan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi telur, harga jual dan jumlah pembeli secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume penjualan telur ayam ras di PT. Manuntung Raya pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dengan nilai F hitung lebih besar dari nilai F tabel (26,651>2,874). Secara parsial produksi telur berpengaruh positif terhadap volume penjualan telur ayam ras dengan nilai t hitung lebih besar dari pada t tabel (8,899>1,960), harga jual berpengaruh negatif terhadap volume penjualan telur ayam ras dengan nilai t hitung lebih besar dari nilai t tabel (-2,246>1,960), sementara jumlah pembeli tidak berpengaruh terhadap volume penjualan telur ayam ras dengan nilai t hitung lebih kecil dari pada t tabel (-1,174<1,960).