bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aufhebung des Unterlassungszwangs bei der Berufskrankheit Haut: Hintergründe und Perspektiven
Authors: Elsner Peter 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Berufskrankheit (BK) Haut Nr. 5101 („schwere oder wiederholt rückfällige Hauterkrankungen, die zur Unterlassung aller Tätigkeiten gezwungen haben, die für die Entstehung, die Verschlimmerung oder das Wiederaufleben der Krankheit ursächlich waren oder sein können“) ist die am häufigsten angezeigte Berufskrankheit in Deutschland. Der seit 1936 für die Anerkennung dieser Berufskrankheit erforderliche medizinisch‐objektive Unterlassungszwang sollte nach dem Willen des Verordnungsgebers Bagatellerkrankungen abgrenzen, die Feststellung der beruflichen Kausalität erleichtern und die Prävention – zur Vermeidung des Unterlassungszwangs – fördern.Die Abschaffung des Unterlassungszwangs als Kriterium für die Anerkennung der BK 5101 ab 01.01.2021 hat wesentliche Auswirkungen auf die berufsdermatologische Versorgung und Begutachtung dieser Berufskrankheit. Für „leichte“ Hautkrankheiten ist jedoch weiterhin das seit 1972 etablierte präventive Hautarztverfahren anzuwenden.
The Ramifications of COVID‐19 in Education: Beyond the Extension of the Kano Model and Unipolar View of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction in the Field of Blended Learning
Authors: Um Ki‐Hyun , Fang Yingying , Seo Young‐Jin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith the emergence of COVID‐19 worldwide, interest in blended learning in higher education is rapidly increasing. Despite the fact that the unipolar view that satisfaction and dissatisfaction are measured separately has been emphasized in higher education, fewer efforts have been made in a blended learning context. Therefore, this study attempts to document the unipolar view of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in a blended learning context by adopting the Kano model. More specifically, the objectives of this study is to (1) conceptualize online and offline service dimensions in blended learning, (2) examine the asymmetric effect between satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and (3) apply those results to the Kano model. The following results are reported: (1) system quality and assurance are symmetric, functioning as a satisfier; and (2) information quality, responsiveness, and tangibility are asymmetric, functioning as a delighter. Theoretical and practical implications are addressed.
Extension of chronological lifespan in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Ohtsuka Hokuto , Shimasaki Takafumi , Aiba Hirofumi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere are several examples in the nature wherein the mechanism of longevity control of unicellular organisms is evolutionarily conserved with that of higher multicellular organisms. The present microreview focuses on aging and longevity studies, particularly on chronological lifespan (CLS) concerning the unicellular eukaryotic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In S. pombe, >30 compounds, 8 types of nutrient restriction, and >80 genes that extend CLS have been reported. Several CLS control mechanisms are known to be involved in nutritional response, energy utilization, stress responses, translation, autophagy, and sexual differentiation. In unicellular organisms, the control of CLS is directly linked to the mechanism by which cells are maintained in limited‐resource environments, and their genetic information is left to posterity. We believe that this important mechanism may have been preserved as a lifespan control mechanism for higher organisms.
Economic impact on direct healthcare costs of missing opportunities for diagnosing HIV within healthcare settings
Authors: Gill MJ , Powell M , Vu Q , Krentz HB 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe economic consequences of a missed opportunity for HIV testing at an earlier stage of infection within a healthcare setting are poorly described.MethodsFor all newly diagnosed HIV patients followed at the Southern Alberta HIV/AIDS Clinic (SAC), Calgary, Canada, between 1 April 2011 and 1 April 2016, all clinical encounters occurring < 3 years prior to diagnosis within the region were obtained. The direct costs of HIV care after diagnosis to 31 March 2019 were determined from a payers’ perspective and reported as mean cost per patient per month (PPPM) in 2019 Canadian dollars (CDN$). Patients with no encounters for 3 years prior to diagnosis were compared with patients with encounters, with special attention to patients with HIV clinical indicator conditions (HCICs).ResultsOf 388 patients, 60% had one or more prior encounter without HIV testing; 14% had been treated for an HCIC. Females, older patients and heterosexuals were more likely to have prior encounters. At diagnosis, patients with previous encounters presented with lower CD4 counts and higher rates of AIDS. The mean PPPM costs for patients with any prior encounter or for an HCIC‐based encounter were 16% and 33% higher, respectively, than for patients with no prior encounters. While mean PPPM costs for antiretroviral drugs and outpatient visits were slightly higher, in‐patient costs were 10 times higher for people with HIV who had a previous HCIC encounter vs. those with no encounters (CDN$316 vs. $31, respectively).ConclusionsAny healthcare visit, especially for an HCIC, represents relatively easy opportunities for HIV testing. Not testing can result in poorer health and higher costs. Targeted clinical testing and novel interventions to correct overlooked testing opportunities within healthcare settings may be an easy way to implement cost savings.
Eating in the absence of hunger in 18‐month‐old children in a home setting
Authors: Schultink Janneke M. , de Vries Jeanne H. M. , de Wild Victoire W. T. , van Vliet Merel S. , van der Veek Shelley M. C. , Martens Vanessa E.G. , de Graaf Cees , Jager Gerry 
Published: May 2021

SummaryBackgroundEating in the absence of hunger (EAH), the susceptibility to eat despite satiety, may increase overweight. While EAH has been established in school‐aged children, less is known about it during toddlerhood.ObjectivesThis study assessed to what extent 18‐month‐old children eat in the absence of hunger, the stability of this behaviour at 24 months and the association of child eating behaviours with EAH.MethodsChildren were presented with four palatable finger foods (total 275 kcal) after dinner. Univariate GLM's assessed the association between EAH, child satiety and eating behaviours and energy intake of dinner at 18 and 24 months (n = 206 and 103, respectively). Another GLM was run to assess the association between EAH at both time points.ResultsMean (±SD) energy intakes from dinner and finger foods were 240 kcal (±117) and 40 kcal (±37), respectively. No association was found between energy intake of dinner and finger foods. Enjoyment of food was significantly related to intake of finger foods (P = .005). EAH at 18 months predicted EAH at 24 months.ConclusionEighteen‐month‐old children ate in the absence of hunger, irrespective of satiety. Thus, preceding energy intake was not compensated for. Other factors, for example, enjoyment of food seem to determine finger food intake.
A matheuristic algorithm for the pollution and energy minimization traveling salesman problems
Authors: Cacchiani Valentina , Contreras‐Bolton Carlos , Escobar‐Falcón Luis Miguel , Toth Paolo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe pollution traveling salesman problem (PTSP) and the energy minimization traveling salesman problem (EMTSP) generalize the well‐known asymmetric traveling salesman problem by including environmental issues and the goal of reducing carbon emissions. Both problems call for determining a Hamiltonian tour that, in the PTSP, minimizes a function of fuel consumption and driver cost (where the fuel consumption depends on the distance traveled, the vehicle speed, and the vehicle load), while, in the EMTSP, minimizes a function depending on the vehicle load and the traveled distances. For both PTSP and EMTSP, we propose a matheuristic algorithm that uses the solution of the linear programming relaxation of a mixed integer linear programming model for the considered problem to determine good initial feasible solutions, applies a multioperator genetic algorithm to improve these solutions, and refines the best solution found through an iterated local search procedure. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed matheuristics, we compare them with exact and heuristic algorithms from the literature on benchmark instances of both problems.
Measurement properties of patient‐reported outcome measures for eczema control: a systematic review
Authors: Stuart B.L. , Howells L. , Pattinson R.L. , Chalmers J.R. , Grindlay D. , Rogers N.K. , Grinich E. , Pawlitschek T. , Simpson E.L. , Thomas K.S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAtopic eczema (herein referred to as ‘eczema’) is a skin disease characterized by remitting and relapsing symptoms. The Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) initiative was developed to establish a core outcome set (COS) for eczema to be measured for all future eczema trials. The core outcome set for atopic eczema clinical trials includes the domain for patient‐reported eczema control, but a review of the validation of available eczema control instruments was lacking. We aimed to review the literature and systematically assess the measurement properties of validated patient‐reported outcome instruments that capture eczema control. PubMed and Ovid EMBASE were searched up to 24 January 2020 for any study that reported on PROM instrument development or validation. The COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) criteria were used to assess the quality of eligible studies. We screened 12 036 titles and abstracts and 58 full texts. A total of 12 papers were included, reporting on seven PROMS. These were assessed with respect to development, reliability, construct validity and responsiveness. Two instruments, Recap of Atopic Eczema (RECAP) and the Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT), have been developed and validated to a sufficient standard to support their recommendation as patient‐reported outcome instruments for measuring control of atopic eczema as part of the HOME Core Outcome Set.
Pangenotypic direct‐acting antiviral agents for mixed genotype hepatitis C infection: A real‐world effectiveness analysis
Authors: Ding Yuan‐Jie , Lu Chung‐Kuang , Chen Wei‐Ming , Tung Shui‐Yi , Wei Kuo‐Liang , Shen Chen‐Heng , Hsieh Yung‐Yu , Yen Chih‐Wei , Chang Kao‐Chi , Chiu Wen‐Nan , Hung Chao‐Hung , Lu Sheng‐Nan , Chang Te‐Sheng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPangenotypic direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) are effective against all hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype infections. However, data on pangenotypic DAA treatment for mixed genotype HCV infection are sparse.MethodsThis is a retrospective, single site cohort study analyzing all patients with mixed HCV genotype infections treated with GLE/PIB or SOF/VEL from August 2018 to August 2020 in Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. The primary study endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR) 12 weeks after treatment cessation. We also reported adverse events (AEs).ResultsA total of 108 patients with mixed infections of any two or three genotypes of 1a, 1b, 2, 3, and 6 received pangenotypic DAAs during the study period. A total of 67 patients received GLE/PIB and 41 received SOF/VEL. The evaluable population analysis revealed SVR rates of 94% (63/67) and 95.1% (39/41) for GLE/PIB and SOF/VEL therapy, respectively, and the per‐protocol analysis revealed an SVR of 100% for both regimens. Four patients in the GLE/PIB group and two patients in the SOF/VEL were lost to follow‐up. The most common AEs for GLE/PIB versus SOF/VEL therapy included pruritus (14.9% vs 2.4%), fatigue (6.0% vs 7.3%), abdominal discomfort (4.5% vs 7.3%), and acid reflux (3.0% vs 4.9%). DAA‐related significant laboratory abnormalities occurred in three patients with > 1.5 × elevated bilirubin level in the GLE/PIB group. None of the above AEs resulted in DAA discontinuation.ConclusionsPangenotypic DAAs are well tolerated by and yield high SVR rates in patients with mixed genotype HCV infection.
Factors associated with nutritional risk in patients receiving haemodialysis assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002)
Authors: Dahl Helene , Warz Sina‐Isabel , Welland Natasha L. , Arnesen Iselin , Marti Hans‐Peter , Dierkes Jutta 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundNutritional Risk Screening 2002 is recommended as a screening tool to identify patients at risk of undernutrition for all patients in hospitals by the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Nutritional risk is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients, and it is common among patients on haemodialysis. Factors associated with nutritional risk that could facilitate the screening/diagnostic procedures are warranted.ObjectivesIdentification of factors that are associated with nutritional risk in patients with end‐stage renal disease treated with haemodialysis.Design and ParticipantsSingle‐centre, cross‐sectional study in patients receiving haemodialysis (n = 53) were screened for nutritional risk using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. Associations were made with data on dietary intake by 24‐h dietary recall, and measurement of body composition, anthropometric measurements and biochemical variables.ResultsNutritional risk was common among patients on haemodialysis (26%), and was associated with low energy and protein intake, and low pre‐albumin concentrations also after adjustments for age and sex. Nutritional risk was neither associated with diabetes nor duration of dialysis treatment.ConclusionMeasurement of pre‐albumin and dietary assessment using a 24‐h dietary recall can support the identification of patients receiving haemodialysis at nutritional risk.
LYING TO THE NAZI AT THE DOOR
Authors: Clem Stewart 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMoral philosophers and theologians have long debated the classic moral dilemma of lying to an intruder in order to save a refugee. This dilemma presents an especially difficult challenge to those who reject consequentialist reasoning. Many contemporary defenders of Thomas Aquinas have argued that lying is never permissible under any circumstances, but none has offered a satisfactory answer to the question of what one ought to do when facing such a dilemma. I argue that there can be no morally satisfying answer to this question, because every possible action will involve some degree of sin, even if lying is the least sinful action. This should not lead us to redefine what it means to tell a lie, nor to say that lying to the intruder is a good or right action; rather, it should lead us to acknowledge the tragic dimension of life in a fallen world.
How do Changes in One's Self‐Esteem Affect the Self‐Esteem of Others?
Authors: Shimizu Haruka , Takahashi Chisato , Koike Mayu , Fukui Ken'ichiro , Nakashima Ken'ichiro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhen someone's self‐esteem is raised, how does their presence affect the people surrounding them? The purpose of the present study was to provide initial evidence for this question from the viewpoint of social comparison. We therefore conducted a questionnaire experiment among junior high school students (N = 225) using a scene‐assumption method, investigating the effect of a change in the self‐esteem of a specific individual on the self‐esteem of others in that individual's proximity. Results showed that, for students who had low self‐esteem and saw self‐esteem as important, their self‐esteem decreased when the self‐esteem of a friend increased; conversely, self‐esteem increased for individuals who did not view this trait as important. This finding suggests that, depending on both the degree of the participants’ original level of self‐esteem and the degree to which self‐esteem is considered important, activities to improve self‐esteem may have an unintentional adverse effect that undermines their original purpose. Based on this suggestion, the necessity of considering the effects on others in efforts to improve an individual's self‐esteem is discussed.
A rare case of childhood mucous membrane pemphigoid involving the oral and genital mucosa
Authors: Rodriguez Baisi Katinna , Wentworth Ashley , Chattha Asma J. , DiCaudo David J. , Mangold Aaron , Nelson Steven A. , Siegfried Elaine , Wieland Carilyn N. , Tollefson Megha 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a rare chronic immunobullous disease that involves the mucous membranes and may result in significant scarring and complications if diagnosis is delayed. MMP typically occurs in elderly patients, with very few cases reported in children. Here, we present a 12‐year‐old female patient with childhood‐onset oral and genital MMP, clinically suspected to be lichen sclerosus, but eventually diagnosed as MMP after multiple supportive biopsies and confirmatory direct immunofluorescence. Although treatment was challenging, the combined use of systemic corticosteroids, dapsone, and mycophenolate mofetil was ultimately successful in achieving disease control.
Parental response to the feeding behavior problems in children with cleft lip and palate: A systematic review
Authors: Srivastav Sukeshana , Duggal Isha , Duggal Ritu , Tewari Nitesh , Chaudhari Prabhat Kumar , Pandey Ravindra Mohan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess and analyze the global status of parental responses to feeding problems in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and to provide recommendations for future research.DesignA priori protocol was formulated according to PRISMA guidelines and registered. The predefined search strategy was used in established search engines up to July 27, 2020 without any restriction of language or year of publication. Studies evaluating the parental responses to feeding problems in patients with CLP were included. The data extraction was performed with a self‐designed form, and risk of bias (ROB) was assessed.ResultsOut of 27 identified papers, eight studies could be included. Most were from Europe, conducted between 1994 and 2020, and had utilized valid and reliable questionnaires. The included studies showed moderate or low ROB. The majority of the studies reported parental dissatisfaction with the knowledge provided. The presence of anxiety and low self‐esteem among parents was also highlighted.ConclusionsThere was general consensus regarding lack of medical advice and support for CLP families, along with the presence of anxiety and low self‐esteem among parents. Well‐designed studies from different regions of the world must be conducted in the future for an accurate global picture to be presented.
IN DEFENSE OF AQUINAS'S ADAM: ORIGINAL JUSTICE, THE FALL, AND EVOLUTION
Authors: Macdonald Paul A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this article, I show how traditional Thomistic claims about the creation and fall of the first human beings—or “Adam”—are compatible with the claims of evolutionary science concerning human origins. Aquinas claims that God created Adam in a state or condition of original justice, wholly subject to God and so fully virtuous, as well as internally immune to bodily corruption, suffering, and natural death. In defense of “Aquinas's Adam,” I first argue that affirming that the prelapsarian Adam was internally immune to suffering and death does not require denying that these things predated his emergence within evolutionary history, or that he would have faced real challenges posed to him by his natural environment. Next, I rebut the claim that Adam must have been spiritually and morally fragile, given the traits he inherited from his evolutionary ancestors. Finally, I dispute the claim that Adam only could have fallen if he existed in a spiritually and morally fragile state.
Role of physiotherapy in supporting recovery from breast cancer treatment: a qualitative study embedded within the UK PROSPER trial
Authors: Rees Sophie , Mazuquin Bruno , Richmond Helen , Williamson Esther , Bruce Julie 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo explore the experiences of women with breast cancer taking part in an early physiotherapy-led exercise intervention compared with the experiences of those receiving usual care. To understand physiotherapists’ experience of delivering the trial intervention. To explore acceptability of the intervention and issues related to the implementation of the Prevention Of Shoulder Problems (PROSPER) programme from participant and physiotherapist perspective.DesignQualitative semistructured interviews with thematic analysis.SettingUK National Health Service.ParticipantsTwenty participants at high risk of shoulder problems after breast cancer surgery recruited to the UK PROSPER trial (10 each from the intervention arm and control arm), and 11 physiotherapists who delivered the intervention. Trial participants were sampled using convenience sampling. Physiotherapists were purposively sampled from high and low recruiting sites.ResultsParticipants described that the PROSPER exercise intervention helped them feel confident in what their body could do and helped them regain a sense of control in the context of cancer treatment, which was largely disempowering. Control arm participants expressed less of a sense of control over their well-being. Physiotherapists found the exercise intervention enjoyable to deliver and felt it was valuable to their patients. The extra time allocated for appointments during intervention delivery made physiotherapists feel they were providing optimal care, being the ‘perfect physio’. Lessons were learnt about the implementation of a complex exercise intervention for women with breast cancer, and the issues raised will inform the development of a future implementation strategy.ConclusionsA physiotherapist-delivered early supported exercise intervention with integrated behavioural strategies helped women at risk of shoulder problems following breast cancer treatment to feel more confident in their ability to mobilise their arm post-surgery. A physiotherapist-delivered early supported exercise intervention with integrated behavioural strategies may address the sense of powerlessness that many women experience during breast cancer treatment.Trial registration numberISRCTN35358984.