bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic changes to the negative coordinating conjunction from Latin to Modern French
Authors: Hansen Maj-Britt Mosegaard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe evolution of the negative coordinating conjunction (‘neither’/‘nor’) from Latin to Modern French instantiates a type of cyclic development that is previously undocumented as such at the level of morphosyntax, viz. a ‘semasiological’ cycle. In effect, the conjunction appears to have taken an almost perfectly circular path. Thus, in Classical Latin, as is consonant with the typological status of that language as a Double Negation language,neque/necwas exclusively used in negative contexts. Medieval French being a Negative Concord language, on the other hand, its negative coordinating conjunction,ne, a direct descendant ofneque/nec, was able to develop a full range of weak negative polarity uses. In a range of contexts,newas thus semantically equivalent to either the additive conjunctionet(‘and’) or the disjunctionou(‘or’). By the end of the Classical French period, however, the conjunction (which by then takes the formny/ni) has lost all of its weak negative polarity uses again, and it is used only in strong negatively polar environments in Modern Standard French. Based on data from the electronic corporaFrantextandBase de Français Médiéval, I analyze the three stages of this evolution. I show that, together with other developments in the French negative system, it falsifies predictions made in the literature and has consequences for the reconstruction of negative systems in less well-documented languages.
Loss of intersective gradience as the lifeboat of a dying construction. An analysis of the diachronic change of causativebring
Authors: Schneider Ulrike 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper focusses on diachronic processes which lead to the disambiguation between different constructions involving the same verb. It follows the development ofbringas a periphrastic causative over the course of the Early Modern and Late Modern English periods and compares it to the development of otherbringconstructions. In a corpus-based analysis, it utilizes measures of cue strength as well as collostructional analysis to determine whether reflexive objects, negation, modals or the passive are cues strongly associated with the dying periphrastic causative XbringcauseYto-inf. Results indicate that the construction indeed increasingly attracts reflexive objects in combination with a modal or negation. This finding is interpreted as an indication that non-prototypical verbal properties developing into strong cues for a construction may serve to make a rare construction more salient and thus easier to recognize and process. Furthermore, the construction’s restriction to reflexive patients vastly reduces variability in the object slot.
Thermally switchable terahertz metasurface absorber composed of H-fractal and enabled by phase-change material of vanadium dioxide
Authors: Divdel Hassan , Taghipour-Farshi Hamed , Rasooli Saghai Hassan , Tavakoli Ghazi Jahani Mohammad-Ali 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA terahertz metasurface absorber with actively switchable bandwidth enabled by vanadium dioxide (VO2) is presented and investigated numerically. The VO2is a phase-change material and its conductivity in the terahertz range changes by several orders of magnitude upon phase-transition. The metasurface consists of an H-shaped fractal resonator placed on top of a polyimide spacer and a ground-plane of gold. The resonator is composed of an H-shaped level-1 fractal of gold and VO2strips that converts it to a level-2 fractal. At room temperatures, the VO2is in the insulator state and the resonator reduces to a level-1 fractal offering narrowband absorption at 8.08 THz reaching 0.98 absorption. At higher temperatures, the VO2is in the metallic state and the resonator is effectively a level-2 fractal with an absorption higher than 0.9 in a bandwidth of 6.63–9.89 THz.
Pore throat characteristics of tight reservoirs by a combined mercury method: A case study of the member 2 of Xujiahe Formation in Yingshan gasfield, North Sichuan Basin
Authors: Wang Youzhi , Mao Cui , Li Qiang , Jin Wei , Zhu Simiao , Wang Xiandong , Wang Zhiguo , He Jiayin , Shen Jiagang , Zhu Yanping , Wang Ying , Wang Haiyan , Tan Baode , Ren Junhu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The complex pore throat characteristics are significant factors that control the properties of tight sandstone reservoirs. Due to the strong heterogeneity of the pore structure in tight reservoirs, it is difficult to characterize the pore structure by single methods. To determine the pore throat, core, casting thin sections, micrographs from scanning electron microscopy, rate-controlled mercury injection, and high-pressure mercury injection were performed in member 2 of Xujiahe Formation of Yingshan gasfield, Sichuan, China. The pore throat characteristics were quantitatively characterized, and the distribution of pore throat at different scales and its controlling effect on reservoir physical properties were discussed. The results show that there are mainly residual intergranular pores, intergranular dissolved pores, ingranular dissolved pores, intergranular pores, and micro-fractures in the second member of the Xujiahe Formation tight sandstone reservoir. The distribution range of pore throat is 0.018–10 μm, and the radius of pore throat is less than 1 μm. The ranges of pore radius were between 100 and 200 μm, the peak value ranges from 160 to 180 μm, and the pore throat radius ranges from 0.1 to 0.6 μm. With the increase of permeability, the distribution range of throat radius becomes wider, and the single peak throat radius becomes larger, showing the characteristic of right skew. The large throat of the sandy conglomerate reservoir has an obvious control effect on permeability, but little influence on porosity. The contribution rate of nano-sized pore throat to permeability is small, ranging from 3.29 to 34.67%. The contribution rate of porosity was 48.86–94.28%. Therefore, pore throat characteristics are used to select high-quality reservoirs, which can guide oil and gas exploration and development of tight sandstone reservoirs.
Lithology classification of volcanic rocks based on conventional logging data of machine learning: A case study of the eastern depression of Liaohe oil field
Authors: Wenhua Wang , Zhuwen Wang , Ruiyi Han , Fanghui Xu , Xinghua Qi , Yitong Cui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The reservoirs in the eastern depression of Liaohe basin are formed by multistage igneous eruption. The lithofacies and lithology are complex, and the lithology is mainly intermediate and basic igneous rocks. Based on the integration of debris data of igneous rocks and logging data, this article selected 6,462 continuous logging data with complete cuttings data and five conventional logging curves (RLLD, AC, DEN, GR, and CNL) from four wells in the eastern depression of Liaohe basin as the training set. A variety of lithologic identification schemes based on support vector machine and random forest are established to classify the pure igneous strata and actual strata. By comparing the classification results with the identification data of core slice and debris slice, a practical lithologic classification scheme for igneous rocks in the eastern depression of Liaohe basin is obtained, and the classification accuracy reaches 97.46%.
Igniting the leadership spark in nursing students: leading the way
Authors: Stubin Catherine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
New graduate nurses are not always prepared for the challenges of the chaotic clinical environment, and often struggle to demonstrate sufficient clinical leadership skills. Facilitating the acquisition of leadership abilities in students will support the pursuit to generate competent nursing graduates fully prepared to effectively function in today’s challenging healthcare environment. Nursing faculty need to implement more creative ways of introducing leadership qualities to nursing students. Nurse educators can be proactive in implementing leadership strategies for students, based on The Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership: Model the Way, Inspire a Shared Vision, Challenge the Process, Enable Others to Act, and Encourage the Heart, as described by Kouzes and Posner. By continuing to “lead the way” for professional leadership skills in nursing students, nursing faculty can possibly expect leadership activities to emerge in settings in which the students practice.
Light heads and predicate formation: on two scopes of discontinuity
Authors: Wiślicki Jan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present article addresses the problem of syntax-semantics mapping of syntactically complex structures that are interpreted as semantically simple terms. While these morphosyntactic mechanisms have been successfully applied to roots in Marantz’s framework, more complex structures turn out to be formally and conceptually challenging. To solve these problems, I make use of Cooper’s type-theoretic framework to propose a formal account of Transfer. I apply this to verbal idioms and direct quotation, whose parts do not obtain the idiomatic/quotational reading. The main result is a formal account of light heads providing the operation of predicate formation within cyclic derivations.
Cross-linguistic constraints and lineage-specific developments in the semantics of cutting and breaking in Japonic and Germanic
Authors: Huisman John L. A. , van Hout Roeland , Majid Asifa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Semantic variation in the cutting and breaking domain has been shown to be constrained across languages in a previous typological study, but it was unclear whether Japanese was an outlier in this domain. Here we revisit cutting and breaking in the Japonic language area by collecting new naming data for 40 videoclips depicting cutting and breaking events in Standard Japanese, the highly divergent Tohoku dialects, as well as four related Ryukyuan languages (Amami, Okinawa, Miyako and Yaeyama). We find that the Japonic languages recapitulate the same semantic dimensions attested in the previous typological study, confirming that semantic variation in the domain of cutting and breaking is indeed cross-linguistically constrained. We then compare our new Japonic data to previously collected Germanic data and find that, in general, related languages resemble each other more than unrelated languages, and that the Japonic languages resemble each other more than the Germanic languages do. Nevertheless, English resembles all of the Japonic languages more than it resembles Swedish. Together, these findings show that the rate and extent of semantic change can differ between language families, indicating the existence of lineage-specific developments on top of universal cross-linguistic constraints.
Research progress of gut microbiota and frailty syndrome
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wu Min 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Frailty is a clinical syndrome caused by homeostasis imbalance. It is characterized by marked vulnerability to endogenous or exogenous stressors, reduced self-care ability, and increased mortality risk. This aging-related syndrome is common in individuals older than 65 years and carries an increased risk for poor health outcomes. These include falls, incident disability, incapacity, and mortality. In addition, it can result in a poor prognosis for other comorbidities. With the aging population, frailty increases the burden of adverse health outcomes. Studies on frailty are at their infancy. In addition, there is a lack of thorough understanding of its pathogenesis. Several studies have suggested that frailty is caused by chronic inflammation due to enhanced intestinal permeability following gut microbiota imbalance as well as pathogen-related antibodies entering the circulation system. These result in musculoskeletal system disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. However, this assumption has not been validated in large cohort-based studies. Several studies have suggested that inflammation is not the only cause of frailty. Hence, further studies are necessary to extend our understanding of its pathogenesis. This review summarizes the research findings in the field and expands on the possible role of the gut microbiota in frailty syndrome.
Manipulating guided wave radiation with integrated geometric metasurface
Authors: Fang Bin , Wang Zhizhang , Gao Shenglun , Zhu Shining , Li Tao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Metasurfaces have manifested unprecedented capabilities in manipulating light by subwavelength unit cells, facilitating the miniaturization and multifunctions of optical systems. On the other hand, lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) technology is revolutionizing the integrated photonics, enabling multifunctional devices and applications. Yet the optical interface for coupling and manipulation is not sufficient and versatile. Here, we developed a geometric metasurface interface for LNOI waveguide and demonstrated several on-chip integrated devices for free space light field manipulations. By decorating waveguides with subwavelength optical antennas, we manipulated the guided waves into desired wavefronts in space, achieved complex free-space functions, such as focusing, multichannel vortex beam generation, and holography. Our architecture goes beyond the conventional gratings and enriches the functionalities of metasurface, which would open up a new perspective for future versatile guided-wave driven optical devices.
Deep-learning-based recognition of multi-singularity structured light
Authors: Wang Hao , Yang Xilin , Liu Zeqi , Pan Jing , Meng Yuan , Shi Zijian , Wan Zhensong , Zhang Hengkang , Shen Yijie , Fu Xing , Liu Qiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Structured light with customized topological patterns inspires diverse classical and quantum investigations underpinned by accurate detection techniques. However, the current detection schemes are limited to vortex beams with a simple phase singularity. The precise recognition of general structured light with multiple singularities remains elusive. Here, we report deep learning (DL) framework that can unveil multi-singularity phase structures in an end-to-end manner, after feeding only two intensity patterns upon beam propagation. By outputting the phase directly, rich and intuitive information of twisted photons is unleashed. The DL toolbox can also acquire phases of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes with a single singularity and other general phase objects likewise. Enabled by this DL platform, a phase-based optical secret sharing (OSS) protocol is proposed, which is based on a more general class of multi-singularity modes than conventional LG beams. The OSS protocol features strong security, wealthy state space, and convenient intensity-based measurements. This study opens new avenues for large-capacity communications, laser mode analysis, microscopy, Bose–Einstein condensates characterization, etc.
Physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of highly porous polylactic acid/cellulose nanofibre scaffolds prepared by salt leaching technique
Authors: Radakisnin Revati , Abdul Majid Mohd Shukry , Mohd Jamir Mohd Ridzuan , Mat Tahir Mohd Faizal , Meng Cheng Ee , Al Alshahrani Hassan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to prepare and characterise polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with cellulose nanofibre (CNF) from a Pennisetum purpureum-based composite scaffold and determine its structural and mechanical properties. Porous scaffolds with CNF compositions of 5‒20 wt% in the PLA matrix were developed using solvent casting and particulate leaching of its porogen at 90 wt% of loadings. Morphology studies using field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that the scaffolds had well-interconnected pores with an average pore size range of 67‒137 µm and porosity >76%. X-ray diffraction confirmed the interconnectivity and homogeneity of the pores and the fibrous structure of the scaffolds. The compressive strength of the fabricated scaffolds varied between 2.34 and 6.66 MPa, while their compressive modulus was between 1.95 and 6.04 MPa for various CNF contents. Furthermore, water absorption and thermal degradation studies showed that the scaffold had good hydrophilicity and improved thermal stability. These findings highlight the need to modify the pore structure and mechanical performance simultaneously for tissue engineering. Thus, this study concludes that the developed PLA scaffolds reinforced with CNF from Pennisetum purpureum are potential candidates for cell attachment and extracellular matrix generation.
Occurrence, fate, and toxicity of emerging contaminants in a diverse ecosystem
Authors: Hiranmai Rameshwar Yadav , Kamaraj Murugesan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Activities that were developed for better/modern living conditions of humans are the primary source of contaminants to the natural ecosystem. Some of the compounds involved in urbanization and industrialization are termed emerging contaminants (ECs) or contaminants of emerging concern. ECs are either chemical or derived from natural sources which environmental concerns and public health have been raised in recent years. ECs enter wastewater treatment systems and migrate from here to different ecosystems as direct or by-products. They are persistent and also stay for a long duration due to their less biodegradation and photodegradation nature. Also, ECs accumulated in living cells and transformed through trophic levels. Technological developments and their application/utility in daily life led to the production of various components that are being added to the natural ecosystem. The treated/untreated wastewater enters into fresh/marine water bodies and gets accumulated into fauna, flora, and sediments. These pollutants/contaminants that are getting added on an everyday basis bring about changes in the existing ecosystem balances. ECs have been found in almost every country’s natural environment, and as a result, they became a global issue. The present review discusses the route and transport of selected ECs into the terrestrial ecosystem through water and other means and how they influence the natural process in an ecosystem. The ECs such as personal care products, pharmaceuticals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, endocrine disruptors, nanoparticles, and microplastics are highlighted in this review.
„The power of Christ compels you!“
Authors: Bauer Nicole Maria 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird die gegenwärtige katholische Exorzismus-Praxis in Hinblick auf Macht, Machtdynamiken und Machtverhältnisse erläutert. Dabei werden die Hauptakteur*innen des katholischen Exorzismus, der Exorzist (männlicher katholischer Priester), die „Besessenen“ (Männer und Frauen) und der/die Besetzer*innen (Teufel, Dämonen*innen) in den Blick genommen und anhand der Analyse von Primärquellen wie kirchenrechtlicher und liturgischer Dokumente (Rituale Romanum, Codex Iuris Canonici) sowie aktueller Publikationen und Webseiten untersucht. Der katholische Exorzismus bezieht sich in seiner gegenwärtigen Umsetzung auf einen Ritualtext des frühen 17. Jahrhunderts, der in den 90er-Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts einer Überarbeitung unterzogen wurde. Das Rituale Romanum (1614) stellt die Grundlage der weltweit durchgeführten kirchlichen Exorzismus-Praxis dar und ist kirchenrechtlich verankert. In der gegenwärtigen Praxis des Exorzismus werden Machtpositionen sichtbar, die in den religiösen Heilungspraktiken repetiert und zementiert werden und fundamentale Machtstrukturen der katholischen Kirche widerspiegeln.
Characteristics of Environmentally Friendly Food Container Composite Made From Sorghum Bagasse and Citric Acid
Authors: Ismadi Ismadi , Kusumah Sukma Surya , Subyakto Subyakto , Subiyanto Bambang , Suryanegara Lisman , Marlina Resti 
Published: October 2021

The common food container product was made from plastic such as polypropylene, polystyrene, etc which has slowed to degrade hence affected to the environmental pollution and health disorder. Therefore, environmentally friendly food container composite is developed from sustainable resources such as sorghum bagasse and citric acid. The effects of sorghum species, sorghum particles and citric acid content on the composite properties were investigated. Local species of sorghum was used as raw material such as Super 2 in the manufacturing of food packaging.Â The size and moisture content of the particles were passthrough on 40 mesh and 10%, respectively. The content of the particle was variated such as 10, 15, and 20% wt. Furthermore, citric acid was used as a binder with difference content such as 10, 20, and 30% wt.Â Those raw materials were mixed with tapioca starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and glutaraldehyde. The mixing material was hot pressed at 180 â„ƒ for 15 minutes. The composite dimension was 12 cm x 10 cm x 3 mm. The physical and mechanical properties of the composite were carried out. Considering the properties of the composite, sorghum bagasse and citric acid are suitable as raw material of food container composite.
Short Selling – On Ethics, Politics, and Culture
Authors: Langenbucher Katja , Pelizzon Loriana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Lawyers and economists do not always speak the same language. Where economists present crisp and clear numbers, lawyers get lost in lengthy discussions about fairness and justice. Or so it seems. Arguably, the regulation of short selling illustrates a worrying clash of cultures. Economists understand short selling as a value-free market mechanism while (not only) lawyers suspect a profit, unfairly gained at the expense of others: “Short sellers not only profit from the misery of others, they also cause it”. In what follows, we address implications of this culture clash in the realm of ethics and politics. We conclude with a hypothesis, submitting that there might be traces of another clash to be observed when comparing regulatory cultures across countries. A preliminary look at data seems to suggest that short sale bans are less common in countries with a strong capital-market tradition and more common for countries which are newer to this game. If this holds true, important lessons are to be learned for the European Commission’s plan to set up a capital market union.
Leaf extracts as green substitute to toxic zinc chromate and zinc phosphate additives in Polyurethane primers for corrosion inhibition of steel
Authors: Sodiya Ezekiel Folorunso , Dawodu Folasegun Anthony 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCorrosion inhibition of steel by Polyurethane Extract-primer (PEP) containing plant leaf extracts was compared with Polyurethane Conventional primer (PCP) containing zinc phosphate and zinc chromate as inhibitors. The primers were investigated using gasometric technique in 5 °C steps of temperature increase from 25 to 50 °C in 1.0 M HCl as corrodent. The PEP of 34.24 percent actives compared with PCP of 56.35 percent actives gave the same inhibition efficiencies of 82.4%. Extract primers of low percent active concentration were more effective and less expensive than that of conventional primers.