bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double Double to Double Perovskite Transformations in Quaternary Manganese Oxides
Authors: Ji Kunlang , Alharbi Khalid N. , Solana‐Madruga Elena , Moyo Gessica T. , Ritter Clemens , Attfield J. Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractControl of cation ordering in ABX3 perovskites is important to structural, physical and chemical properties. Here we show that thermal transformations of AA′BB′O6 double double perovskites, where both A and B sites have 1:1 cation order, to (A0.5A′0.5)2BB′O6 double perovskites with fully disordered A/A′ cations can be achieved under pressure in CaMnMnWO6 and SmMnMnTaO6, enabling both polymorphs of each material to be recovered. This leads to a dramatic switch of magnetic properties from ferrimagnetic order in double double perovskite CaMnMnWO6 to spin glass behaviour in the highly frustrated double perovskite polymorph. Comparison of double double and double perovskite polymorphs of other materials will enable effects of cation order and disorder on other properties such as ferroelectricity and conductivity to be explored.
13C‐Labeled Diethyl Ketoglutarate Derivatives as Hyperpolarized Probes of 2‐Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Activity
Authors: Singh Jaspal , Suh Eul Hyun , Sharma Gaurav , Chen Jun , Hackett Edward P. , Wen Xiaodong , Sherry A. Dean , Khemtong Chalermchai , Malloy Craig R. , Park Jae Mo , Kovacs Zoltan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe TCA cycle is a central metabolic pathway for energy production and biosynthesis. A major control point of metabolic flux through the cycle is the decarboxylation of 2‐ketoglutarate by the TCA cycle enzyme 2‐ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (2‐KGDH). In this project, we developed 13C labeled 2‐ketoglutarate derivatives to monitor 2‐KGDH activity in vivo. 13C NMR analysis of liver extracts revealed that uniformly 13C labeled 2‐ketogutarate, in its cell permeable ester form, was rapidly taken up and hydrolyzed in liver and underwent extensive metabolism to produce labeled glutamate, succinate, lactate and other metabolites. Diethyl [1,2‐13C2]‐2‐ketoglutarate was successfully polarized by dynamic nuclear polarization and within seconds after injection into rats, the probe produced hyperpolarized [13C]bicarbonate in the liver reflecting flux through the TCA cycle. These experiments demonstrate that this tracer offers the possibility of directly monitoring flux through 2‐KGDH in vivo.
The role of peri‐device leak closure after left atrial appendage occlusion: A safe and feasible approach
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe , Civera Stefania 
Published: August 2021

Key Points
Peri‐device leak (PDL) after left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion may hamper the safe discontinuation of oral anticoagulation.
PDL closure with either endovascular coils, plugs or second occluders is a safe and feasible alternative.
Further randomized trial are needed in order to establish clinical efficacy in stroke risk reduction.
Targeted Protein Depletion Using the Auxin‐Inducible Degron 2 (AID2) System
Authors: Saito Yuichiro , Kanemaki Masato T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTargeted protein depletion using a conditional degron is a powerful method to probe the role of proteins in living cells because of the speed with which depletion can be induced and its reversibility. The auxin‐inducible degron (AID) is one of the most common degron‐based technologies used in cell biology. We recently established an improved system, called AID2, which involves expressing a mutant E3 ligase subunit, OsTIR1(F74G), and fusing a protein of interest to the mini‐AID (mAID) tag, and that employs a new and more potent ligand, 5‐phenyl‐indole‐3‐acetic acid (5‐Ph‐IAA). The AID2 system overcomes some of the drawbacks associated with the original AID system, i.e., leaky degradation without auxin and the requirement of high auxin doses. With AID2 it is, therefore, now possible to control a degron‐fused protein more precisely, enabling target proteins to be degraded with a half‐life of 10 to 45 min via the addition of a low dose of 5‐Ph‐IAA. Importantly, in AID2, it is not necessary to control the expression of OsTIR1(F74G) for suppressing leaky degradation and a parental cell line constitutively expressing OsTIR1(F74G) can be used for the generation of multiple mAID‐tagged proteins. Here, we describe a protocol for the tagging of endogenous proteins with mAID in diploid HCT116 cells. Our protocol can be applied to other mammalian cell lines and will enhance the utility of AID2 for studying protein functions in living cells. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of a parental HCT116 cell line expressing OsTIR1(F74G)Basic Protocol 2: Construction of CRISPR and donor plasmids for tagging endogenous genesBasic Protocol 3: Generation of cell lines expressing a protein of interest fused with mAID
What is it about coral reefs? Translation of ecosystem goods and services relevant to people and their well‐being
Authors: Santavy Deborah L. , Horstmann Christina L. , Sharpe Leah M. , Yee Susan H. , Ringold Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is an astonishing diversity of ways in which people benefit from coral reefs. They provide recreation, resource extraction, inspirational, and educational opportunities, among many others as well as being valued just for their existence. As the condition of coral reef ecosystems decline, so do their ability to provide these benefits. Prudent management of coral reefs and the benefits they provide are important as some predict most coral reefs globally will be lost by the mid‐21st century. Meanwhile, coral reef managers have limited tools and relevant data to design and implement effective environmental management practices that will enable coral reefs to provide benefits demanded by society. We demonstrate an approach to identify and measure environmental components of coral reefs that directly benefit human well‐being. The approach views ecosystems through the lens of a specific set of beneficiaries and the biophysical features directly relevant to each. We call these biophysical features Final Ecosystem Goods and Services (FEGS). In our demonstration, we (1) identify a range of beneficiaries of coral reefs; (2) identify metrics of FEGS for those beneficiaries; and (3) describe how data quantifying those biophysical metrics might be used to facilitate greater economic and social understanding.
Saltwater and phosphorus drive unique soil biogeochemical processes in freshwater and brackish wetland mesocosms
Authors: Servais Shelby , Kominoski John S. , Fernandez Marco , Morales Kristina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCoastal ecosystems are exposed to saltwater intrusion but differential effects on biogeochemical cycling are uncertain. We tested how elevated salinity and phosphorus (P) individually and interactively affect microbial activities and biogeochemical cycling in freshwater and brackish wetland soils. In experimental mesocosms, we added crossed gradients of elevated concentrations of soluble reactive P (SRP) (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 μg/L) and salinity (0, 4, 7, 12, 16 ppt) to freshwater and brackish peat soils (10, 14, 17, 22, 26 ppt) for 35 d. We quantified changes in water chemistry [dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium (), nitrate + nitrite (N + N), SRP concentrations], soil microbial extracellular enzyme activities, respiration rates, microbial biomass C, and soil chemistry (%C, %N, %P, C:N, C:P, N:P). DOC, , and SRP increased in freshwater but decreased in brackish mesocosms with elevated salinity. DOC similarly decreased in brackish mesocosms with added P, and N + N decreased with elevated salinity in both freshwater and brackish mesocosms. In freshwater soils, water column P uptake occurred only in the absence of elevated salinity and when P was above 40 µg/L. Freshwater microbial EEAs, respiration rates, and microbial biomass C were consistently higher compared to those from brackish soils, and soil phosphatase activities and microbial respiration rates in freshwater soils decreased with elevated salinity. Elevated salinity increased arylsulfatase activities and microbial biomass C in brackish soils, and elevated P increased microbial respiration rates in brackish soils. Freshwater soil %C, %N, %P decreased and C:P and N:P increased with elevated salinity. Elevated P increased %C and C:N in freshwater soils and increased %P but decreased C:P and N:P in brackish soils. Freshwater soils released more C and nutrients than brackish soils when exposed to elevated salinity, and both soils were less responsive to elevated P than expected. Freshwater soils became more nutrient‐depleted with elevated salinity, whereas brackish soils were unaffected by salinity but increased P uptake. Microbial activities in freshwater soils were inhibited by elevated salinity and unaffected by added P, but brackish soil microbial activities slightly increased with elevated salinity and P.
Acetylcholinesterase Biosensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide – Carbon Black Composite for Determination of Reversible Inhibitors
Authors: Shamagsumova R. , Rogov A. , Shurpik D. , Stoikov I. , Evtugyn G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor the first time, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensors based on mixed carbon nanomaterials (electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) and carbon black (CB) particles) were described for the determination of antidementia drugs. Changes in the content of underlying layer allowed varying selectivity and sensitivity of the inhibitor determination. Appropriate limits of detection (LOD) varied in the range from 1 pM to 0.1 nM for donepezil, 5 nM–0.1 μM for berberine, 0.1–50 nM for huperzine A and 0.1–300 nM for galantamine. Variation in the inhibition measurement parameters can be used for increasing selectivity of the measurements.
Intravascular imaging–guided intracoronary lithotripsy: First real‐world experience
Authors: Sinclair Hannah , Fan Lampson , Fahy Eoin , Shahid Farhan , Ratib Karim , Nolan James , Mamas Mamas , Zaman Azfar , Ahmed Javed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsCoronary calcification remains a significant challenge for the contemporary interventional cardiologist. We aim to describe the use of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) in a range of real‐world settings.MethodsA retrospective two‐center analysis of patients treated with IVL between June 2018 and November 2019. Technical and procedural success, as well as procedural complications and 30‐day outcomes (death, myocardial infarction, or repeat target vessel revascularization), was recorded.ResultsSixty‐five patients underwent IVL: 80% were male and the mean age was 70.1 ± 12.0 years. 54% of patients presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 68% of patients had intracoronary imaging. Twelve patients required IVL within pre‐existing stents, and 12 underwent IVL in the left main stem. All balloons were successfully delivered with 98.5% procedural success. There was a significant gain in MLA post PCI of 261.9 ± 100% following IVL. There were two procedural complications. At 30‐day follow‐up, there was one death, and one patient required a repeat procedure due to stent underexpansion.ConclusionsIn this largest real‐world series of imaging‐guided IVL for calcified lesions to date, we demonstrate that IVL is deliverable, safe, and effective at calcium modification especially when intracoronary imaging is used.
Preparation and characterization of silk fibroin/polyethylene oxide nanofiber membranes with antibacterial activity
Authors: Lan Dongwei , Liu Zulan , Zhou Jiale , Xu Mengting , Li Zhi , Dai Fangyin 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTBacterial infection is among the most common diseases that threaten human health. Antibiotics are effective in treating bacterial infections. However, the overuse of antibiotics will lead to an increase in bacterial resistance. To reduce the overuse of antibiotics and improve the effective use of antibiotics through slow release, silk fibroin (SF)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofiber membranes with different SF and PEO proportions were prepared by electrospinning. The ecofriendly solvent ethanol solution was used for electrospinning for better protection of antibiotic activity. The SEM showed that the surface of SF/PEO (2:8) and SF/PEO (3:7) was smoother and more uniform. With the increase of SF content, the thermal stability and hydrophilicity of SF/PEO nanofiber membranes were improved. The SF/PEO (3:7) nanofiber membrane had the best mechanical property and its maximum stress and strain were 4.6 1 ± 0.24 MPa and 16.36 ± 0.41%, respectively. Based on these good properties, SF/PEO (3:7) nanofiber membrane was chosen for loading and releasing gentamicin sulfate (GS). The fabricated (GS)/SF/PEO (3:7) nanofiber membrane exhibited good release efficiency and showed the good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These investigations indicated the GS/SF/PEO (3:7) nanofiber membrane (GS/SF/PEO) has a great potential for application in antibacterial materials.
Downregulation of long noncoding RNA SNHG7 protects against inflammation and apoptosis in Parkinson's disease model by targeting the miR‐425‐5p/TRAF5/NF‐κB axis
Authors: Zhang Haiquan , Wang Zhiyong , Hu Keqi , Liu Handong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAccumulated evidence has manifested that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in the progress of Parkinson's disease (PD). SNHG7, a novel lncRNA, has been found to be involved in tumorigenesis. However, SNHG7 expression and its functional effects on PD remain uncharted. Rotenone (Rot) was adopted to construct PD models in Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats and SH‐SY5Y cells, respectively. The expression levels of caspase 3, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), ionized calcium‐binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) in SD rat striatum were measured via immunohistochemistry and western blot. Additionally, the expressions of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL‐1β], IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor α) and oxidative stress factors (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) in the brain tissues were examined using real‐time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Moreover, the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor (TRAF5), I‐κB, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), HO‐1, Nrf2 were detected via western blot. Bioinformatics was applied to predict the targeting relationship between SNHG7, miR‐425‐5p, and TRAF5. Dual‐luciferase activity assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to verify their interactions. In comparison to healthy donors, SNHG7 was found upregulated while miR‐425‐5p expression was downregulated in PD patients. Functional experiments confirmed that SNHG7 downregulation or miR‐425‐5p overexpression attenuated neuronal apoptosis in the Rot‐mediated PD model, TH‐positive cell loss, and microglial activation by mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, SNHG7 served as a competitive endogenous RNA by sponging miR‐425‐5p and promoted TRAF5 mediated inflammation and oxidative stress. Inhibition of SNHG7 ameliorated neuronal apoptosis in PD through relieving miR‐425‐5p/TRAF5/NF‐κB signaling pathway modulated inflammation and oxidative stress, and similar results were observed in the Rot‐mediated rat model of PD.
The impact of cryopreservation in signature markers and immunomodulatory profile of tendon and ligament derived cells
Authors: Gonçalves Ana I. , Vinhas Adriana , Rodrigues Márcia T. , Gomes Manuela E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTendon and ligament (T/L) engineering strategies towards clinical practice have been challenged by a paucity of understanding in the identification and still poorly described characterization of cellular niches. Prospecting how resident cell populations behave in vitro, and how cryopreservation may influence T/
L‐promoting factors, can provide insights into T/
L‐cellular profiles for novel regenerative solutions. Therefore, we studied human T/
L‐derived cells isolated from patellar tendons and cruciate ligaments as suitable cellular models to anticipate tendon and ligament niches responses for advanced strategies with predictive tenogenic and ligamentogenic value. Our results show that the crude populations isolated from tendon and ligament tissues hold a stem cell subset and share a similar behavior in terms of tenogenic/ligamentogenic commitment. Both T/
L‐derived cells successfully undergo cryopreservation/thawing maintaining the tenogenic/ligamentogenic profiles. The major differences between cryopreserved and fresh populations were observed at the gene expression of MKX, SCX, and TNMD as well as at the protein levels of collagen type I and III, in which cells from tendon origin (hTDCs) evidence increased values in comparison to the ones from ligament (hLDCs, p < 0.05). In addition, low‐temperature storage was shown to potentiate an immunomodulatory profile of cells, especially in hTDCs leading to an increase in the gene expression of the anti‐inflammatory factors IL‐4 and IL‐10 (p < 0.05), as well as in the protein secretion of IL‐10 (p < 0.01) and IL‐4 (p < 0.001). Overall, the outcomes highlight the relevance of the cryopreserved T/
L‐derived cells and their promising immunomodulatory cues as in vitro models for investigating cell‐mediated mechanisms driving tissue healing and regeneration.
Klotho deficiency‐induced arterial calcification involves osteoblastic transition of VSMCs and activation of BMP signaling
Authors: Lin Yi , Sun Zhongjie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKlotho is an aging‐suppressor gene. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Klotho deficiency affects arterial structure. We found that Klotho‐deficient (kl/kl) mice developed severe arterial calcification and elastin fragmentation. Klotho‐deficient mice demonstrated higher levels of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP2, BMP4) and runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in aortas, indicating that Klotho deficiency upregulates expression of BMP2 and RUNX2 (a key transcription factor in osteoblasts). To exclude the potential involvement of hyperphosphatemia in arterial calcification, Klotho‐deficient mice were given a low phosphate diet (0.2%). The low phosphate diet normalized blood phosphate levels and abolished calcification in the lungs and kidneys, but it did not prevent calcification in the aortas in Klotho‐deficient mice. Thus, Klotho deficiency per se might play a causal role in the pathogenesis of arterial calcification, which is independent of hyperphosphatemia. In cultured mouse aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), Klotho‐deficient serum‐induced transition of ASMCs to osteoblasts. Klotho‐deficient serum promoted BMP2/vitamin D3‐induced protein expression of PIT2 and RUNX2, phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8 and SMAD2/3, and extracellular matrix calcification. Interestingly, treatments with recombinant Klotho protein abolished BMP2/vitamin D3‐induced osteoblastic transition and morphogenesis and calcification. Therefore, Klotho is a critical regulator in the maintenance of normal arterial homeostasis. Klotho deficiency‐induced arterial calcification is an active process that involves the osteoblastic transition of SMCs and activation of the BMP2‐RUNX2 signaling.
The association of COVID‐19 antibody with in‐hospital outcomes in COVID‐19 infected patients
Authors: Kuno Toshiki , So Matsuo , Miyamoto Yoshihisa , Iwagami Masao , Takahashi Mai , Egorova Natalia N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether hospitalizations of patients who tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) antibodies are associated with reduced in‐hospital mortality. Of the 2459 patients admitted due to COVID‐19 and tested for antibodies, 937 (38.1%) had positive tests. After adjustment for patient characteristics and treatments, patients with positive COVID‐19 antibody test had lower in‐hospital mortality compared with those with negative test results (odds ratio [OR]: 0.62; 95% confidential interval [95% CI] 0.46–0.83, p = 0.001). In conclusion, positive COVID‐19 antibody test results were associated with the reduced risk of in‐hospital mortality for COVID‐19 patients.
Fish feed mycobiota and aflatoxins in round fish tissues
Authors: Gomes Amanda L , de Godoy Silvia HS , de Castro Burbarelli Maria F , Chaguri Milena P , de Sousa Ricardo LM , Fernandes Andrezza M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDRound fish is one of the most consumed fish in Brazil. Farmed fish feed is based mainly on grains, which are susceptible to contamination by mold and mycotoxins. Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Fusarium spp. are the major mycotoxins producers. The presence of potentially toxigenic fungi in the diet is a concern due to the possibility of cumulative toxins in fish tissues, becoming a risk to food safety. This study aims to assess the mycobiota of fish feed and the occurrence of aflatoxin residues in round fish tissues. Feed and fish samples were collected from fish farming and fish pay properties. Feed was submitted to mold counting and mold identification. The round fish liver and muscle were submitted to the detection and quantification of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 by high‐performance liquid chromatography.RESULTSIn evaluated feed, mold counts in the samples ranged from 2.0 to 4.7 log colony forming units g−1 and the major genera found were Penicillium (61.5%) and Aspergillus (34.6). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was detected in 70% liver samples and 43.3% muscle samples, at levels up to 5.70 and 1.13 μg kg−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONIt is concluded that, although the levels were lower than those recommended by Brazilian legislation, round fish are being exposed to diets naturally contaminated by aflatoxins and are susceptible to toxins accumulation in tissues. Therefore, regulations regarding feed should consider limits for mold and aflatoxin contamination in fish edible tissues should be monitored in order to ensure consumers' safety. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assessing combining abilities, genomic data, and genotype × environment interactions to predict hybrid grain sorghum performance
Authors: Fonseca Jales M. O. , Klein Patricia E. , Crossa Jose , Pacheco Angela , Perez‐Rodriguez Paulino , Ramasamy Perumal , Klein Robert , Rooney William L 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGenomic selection in maize (Zea mays L.) has been one factor that has increased the rate of genetic gain when compared with other cereals. However, the technological foundations in maize also exist in other cereal crops that would allow prediction of hybrid performance based on general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities applied through genomic‐enabled prediction models. Further, the incorporation of genotype × environment (G × E) interaction effects present an opportunity to deploy hybrids to targeted environments. To test these concepts, a factorial mating design of elite yet divergent grain sorghum lines generated hybrids for evaluation. Inbred parents were genotyped, and markers were used to assess population structure and develop the genomic relationship matrix (GRM). Grain yield, height, and days to anthesis were collected for hybrids in replicated trials, and best linear unbiased estimates were used to train classical GCA‐SCA–based and genomic (GB) models under a hierarchical Bayesian framework. To incorporate population structure, GB was fitted using the GRM of both parents and hybrids. For GB models, G × E interaction effects were included by the Hadamard product between GRM and environments. A leave‐one‐out cross‐validation scheme was used to study the prediction capacity of models. Classical and genomic models effectively predicted hybrid performance and prediction accuracy increased by including genomic data. Genomic models effectively partitioned the variation due to GCA, SCA, and their interaction with the environment. A strategy to implement genomic selection for hybrid sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] breeding is presented herein.