bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
15. The Effect of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Leaf Infusion on Blood Cholesterol Levels in White Male Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by Alloxan
Authors: Moelviani Kiky , Sugito Sugito , Roslizawaty Roslizawaty , NA Zuhrawati , Rusli Rusli , Armansyah TR T. 
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of celery (Apium graveolens L.) leaves infusion on blood cholesterol levels in male rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by alloxan. The sample used in this study were 25 white male rats Wistar strained aged 3-4 months with a bodyweight of 150-200 grams. The design used are were unidirectional pattern of completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. Treatment 1 (P1) rats were given with the standard feed. Treatment 2 (P2),rats were induced by alloxan. Treatment 3 (P3) rats were induced by alloxan and given 2 ml of 5% celery leaf infusion therapy. Treatment 4 (P4) rats were induced by alloxan and given 2 ml of 10% celery leaf infusion therapy. Treatment 5 (P5) rats were induced by alloxan and given 2 ml of 15% celery leaf infusion therapy. Celery leaf infusion was given every morning and evening. Administration of alloxan with a single dose of 150 mg / kg in IP and celery leaf infusion therapy were given for 14 days. Rat blood cholesterol levels checked using the CHOD-PAP. Data were analyzed using ANOVA completely randomized design. Mean (± SD) of cholesterol in treatment P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 sequence was 52.8 ± 9.09; 50.4 ± 18.53; 42.6 ± 4.51; 40.2 ± 52.8 ± 7.19 and 2.39. The results showed that the infusion of celery leaves was not showing any effect (P 0.05) on blood cholesterol levels of white male rats induced by alloxan. Administration of celery leaves (Apium graveolens L.) infusion for 14 days with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% have no effect on blood cholesterol levels in male rats induced by alloxan.
22. The Effect Of Giving White Pure Ethanol Extract (Allium sativum) On The Growth Of Aeromonas hydrophyla Bacteria In Goldfish (Cypirinus carpio) cultivation
Authors: Rahmi Zikrina , Harahap Diannita , Lubis Syafrina Sari , Darmawi Darmawi 
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) to the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. Sample of A. hydrophila was obtained from the Fish Quarantine Station of the Aceh Fisheries Product Quality and Safety Control.Extraction of garlic was conducted by maceration method using ethanol solvent. This study used 6 treatments and consisted of three replications. Treatment I concentration of garlic extract 45%, treatment II with concentration of garlic extract 50%, treatment III concentration 55%, treatment IV concentration 60%. Positive control used chloramphenicol antibiotics and negative control used 96% ethanol. The test results showed that 60% garlic extract (A. sativum) was more effective in inhibiting the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria compared to other concentrations. The lowest effect was owned by 45%. Ethanol extract of garlic (A. sativum)had the ability to inhibit the growth of A. hydrophila because it has antibacterial compounds.
Modeling And Mapping of Soil Salinity And Alkalinity Using Remote Sensing Data And Topographic Factors
Authors: Shahrayini Elham , Noroozi Ali Akbar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Soil salinity and alkalinity seriously threaten crop production, soil productivity and sustainable agriculture, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, leading to land degradation, therefore, spatial distribution of these parameters are really important for successful management of such areas. The surface soil salinity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) have been modeled in this article. Auxiliary data were terrain attributes derived from digital elevation model (DEM), remote sensing spectral bands, and indices of vegetation and salinity derived from Landsat 8 OLI satellite. In total, 118 soil samples were collected from depth of 0-15 cm in homogenous units at Doviraj plain in the southern part of Ilam province, western Iran. Saturated electrical conductivity (ECe), SAR and other soil properties were analyzed and calculated. To model ECe and SAR parameters with the auxiliary data, stepwise multi linear regression (SMLR) and random forest (RF) regression were applied. The highest accuracy were obtained through RF model with validation coefficient of determination (R2val) =0.82 and 0.83 and validation root mean square error (RMSEval)=7.40 dS/m and 11.20 for ECe and SAR respectively. Furthermore, results indicated that strongest influence on the prediction of soil salinity followed by Band10, principal component analysis (PC3), Vertical Distance to Channel Network (VDCN) and Analytical Hill Shading (AH). Also, Band10, Band11, Flow Accumulation (FA) and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) were the important covariate in alkalinity prediction through RF model. Finally, it is suggested that similar techniques can be used to map and monitor soil salinity and alkalinity in other parts of arid regions.
The Bidirectional Effects of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation in Chinese Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Dynamic Structural Equation Model
Authors: Hong Danping , Zhu Yawen , Chen Runting , Xiao Bihong , Huang Yueyi , Yu Meng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: With the accumulation of negative emotions bought by COVID-19-related dysfunctional beliefs, individuals adopted obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms (e.g., over-checking the wearing of masks) and formed difficulties in emotion regulation (DER). Both OC symptoms and DER had a devastating impact on the individual's mental health. This study focused on the temporal dynamics of the bidirectional relation between OC symptoms and DER. As an extension, we further explored whether OC and DER and their relationship affect sleep problems (SP).Methods: In February 2020, a 14-day (twice a day) online questionnaire survey was conducted on 122 Chinese adults (aged 18 to 55 years; 63 females). In addition, this research applied a dynamic structural equation model with a cross-lagged relationship and a time series. Health anxiety, anxiety, and depression were controlled as covariates.Results: Both OC symptoms and DER had a significant autoregressive and cross-lagged effect. Comparatively speaking, DER was a stronger predictor of OC symptom than OC’s prediction of DER. Besides, both higher levels of OC symptoms and DER were related to the severity of SP.Conclusions: More guidance on identifying intervening OC symptoms and emotion regulation should be added to reduce the external crisis's negative impact on public mental health.
Level and Factors Associated with the Satisfaction of Teaching Staff with the COVID-19 Vaccination Program.
Authors: Algado-Selles Natividad , Chico-Sánchez Pablo , Gras-Valentí Paula , Jiménez-Sepúlveda Natali Juliet , Gómez-Sotero Isel Lilibeth , Guerrero-Soler María , Platas-Abenza Guillermo , Fuster-Pérez Marina , Cartagena-Llopis Lidia , Sánchez-Valero María , Cerezo-Milán Patricia , Martínez-Tornero Iluminada , Tremiño-Sánchez Laura , Nadal-Morante Verónica , Monerris-Palmer Miranda , Esclapez-Martínez Ana , Villanueva-Ruiz Cesar , Barrenengoa-Sañudo Julio , Riera-Giner Fernando , Montiel-Higuero Inés , Llorens-Soriano Pere , Sánchez-Payá José , Pérez Elena María Ronda 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background The impact of COVID-19 triggered an unparalleled effort towards the development of a vaccine given that vaccination is currently the most important strategy available for controlling the pandemic. Achieving high levels of vaccination coverage is key to this approach, and requires knowledge of user satisfaction levels. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the levels of satisfaction with the COVID-19 vaccination program among vaccinated school workers.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study which included the staff from educational centres invited for vaccination over 4 days at the Hospital General University Hospital of Alicante. The survey included sociodemographic variables, 13 questions on satisfaction with the vaccination program, and one open question for further suggestions. Satisfaction was calculated globally for each question and specifically by employing Student t-tests; the association between each variable and a high level of satisfaction was analysed with Chi-squared tests. Results Of 9,869 professionals invited, 9,261 attended the appointment; 5,756 were offered the possibility of participating in this survey and 2,989 (51.9%) accepted. The highest overall scores were assigned to the treatment patients received at the ‘registration point’ and the care they received from nurses during the vaccination. The aspect for which the lowest levels of satisfaction were registered was for the information received prior to vaccination. Sex and place of work were significantly associated with a high degree of satisfaction.Conclusions Understanding people’s perception of vaccination programs is essential to implementing improvements and to increase vaccination coverage. The level of satisfaction among school personnel was remarkably high, especially in relation to the treatment and attention they received at different points during the vaccination care circuit.
Identification and Expression Analysis of DUF4228 Domain Containing (DDP) Genes in Potato Under Abiotic and Phytohormone Stress
Authors: sharif yasir , Zaynab Madiha , Khan Khalid Ali , Li Shuangfei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
DUF4228 (Domain of unknown function 4228) proteins are widely distributed in plants and performed a vital role in abiotic stress response. In potato (Solanum tuberosum), the study of the DUF4228 gene family is sparse. To understant the role of DUF4228 in potato a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was carried out in potato genome. Further, the StDUAF4228 genes relative expression was also evaluated in various plant tissues. In the present study identified 31 StDUF4228 genes were clustered into six groups. The promoter analysis of StDUF4228 revealed various cis-acting regulatory components response to abiotic and phytohormones stresses. Under selection pressure, gene duplication also showed various positive and purifying selections in StDUF4228 genes. Expression profiling indicated that StDUF4228 genes were broadly expressed in various tissues and organs in potato. Moreover, the StDUF4228 genes profiles expression was characterized through RNA-sequence analysis data under salt and heat treatments. In potato, StDUF4228-4, StDUF4228-14, StDUF4228-21, and StDUF4228-30 represented a high expression under salt and heat stress.Furthermore, 23 genes under IAA treatment and 18 under ABA treatment, showed that IAA and ABA played a vital role in stresses. The RT-qPCR and expression profilling exhibited high expression in root tissues. Moreover multiple miRNA target StDUF4228 genes in potato.These expression results provide primary reference data and functional analysis data for other commercial crops.
Worsening Drought of Nile Basin under shift in Atmospheric Circulation, Stronger ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole
Authors: Mahmoud Shereif , Gan Thian Yew , Allan Richard , Li Jianfeng , Funk Chris 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Until now, driving mechanisms behind recurring droughts and hydroclimate variations that controls the Nile River Basin (NRB) remain not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that recent increasing aridity of NRB is attributed to the growing influence of stronger ENSO and Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), and SST gradient over the Arabian Sea (WTIO) in NRB after 1980s, which have significantly contributed to NRB’s drought severity at inter-annual to inter-decadal timescales. Further, the southward (westward) shift in stream functions and meridional (zonal) winds caused an enhancement in the blocking pattern, with strong anticyclonic waves of dry air that keeps moving into NRB, has resulted in drier NRB, where its streamflow at gauging stations have decreased from 137 to 114.1 m3/s/decade. Contrary to past findings, we show that IOD and WTIO are better predictors of the Nile streamflow than El Niño. Under the combined impact of warming and stronger WTIO and El Niño, future droughts of the NRB will worsen.
Factors Influencing Medical Students’ Learning Approach in Qatar
Authors: Qureshi Sheila S. , Larson Adam H. , Vishnumolakala Venkat R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

This study investigated the relevance of the two-factor R-SPQ-2F questionnaire designed by Biggs et al for exploring the learning approaches of medical students in Qatar and identify whether factors like gender, year level, and educational attainment influence student learning.
Methods

The sample consisted of 108 medical students (44% male, 56% female) from all four years of medical school at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q). Participants completed the 20-item R-SPQ-2F questionnaire to measure their learning approaches through a two-factor structural model that contrasts deep and surface learning. Participants also completed a survey collecting demographic information.
Results

Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in deep learning approaches across year levels for both males and females. Additionally, educational attainment played a significant role in learning approach preference.
Conclusions

Based on structural equation modeling, this cross-verification study supports the two-factor R-SPQ-2F instrument and offers additional evidence for its robustness and application to medical education. These findings may help educational and program leaders in Qatar better understand medical students’ learning approaches to enhance their pedagogical practices.
Effectiveness of Educational Module of Autism Spectrum Disorder (EMASD) in Identifying Children with ASD among preschool teachers: A Study Protocol for Parallel Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial feasibility study
Authors: Taresh Sahar Mohammed , Ahmad Nor Aniza , Roslan Samsilah , Ma'rof Aini Marina , Zaid sumaia mohammed 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Increasing efforts have been focused on providing a quality education for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) after identifying them at an early stage. Preschool teachers play a major role in the main ASD identification system as they represent the gatekeepers to identify and refer any children suspected of ASD to specialists. However, there is little literature available on the ability of preschool teachers of their perception regarding this role.Aim: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an educational module to identify children with ASD (EMASD). The second objective is to assess the initial impact of the EMASD on improving preschool teacher’s ability to identify children with ASD in a normal school.Method: This pilot study will examine the feasibility of the randomised controlled trial (RCT) using EMASD as an intervention. The intervention will be ten weekly group-based sessions designed to improve the knowledge, belief, identification skills, and self-efficacy to identify children with ASD among Yemeni preschool teachers. The teachers will be randomly assigned to the intervention group that will receive the EMASD and the control group without any intervention. The feasibility will be determined based on the effectiveness as measured by questionnaires and open-ended questions. General linear measurement (GLM) will be used to compare the outcome scores in the questionnaire between the two groups and within the group whereas thematic analysis will be used to analyse the open-ended questions. Expected outcomes: The findings from this study will give critical empirical data about the feasibility of EMASD.Discussion: EMASD has the potential to increase the ability of preschool teachers to detect children with ASD. The findings from the feasibility study will be utilised to improve the research protocol of the randomised controlled trial and to ensure a better design of an intervention for a larger powered trial in the future.
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Treated with Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Combined with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Song Zeliang , Shi Xiaodong , Liu Rong , Cui Xiaodai , Hu Tao , Li Junhui , Li Juanjuan , Zhang Lei , Hu Mengze , Yue Mei , Zhong Dixiao , Tang Ruihong , Xuan Litian , Feng Shunqiao , Zhang Zhaoxia , Cui Di 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are rare lysosomal storage disorders, characterized by progressive mental retardation and motor developmental regression, and myoclonic seizures. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been suggested to be used in the treatment of lysosomal disorders and brain damage caused by a deficiency of soluble lysosomal enzymes. However, there are no reports on treating NCLs with HSCT in China.Results: From January 2018 to May 2019, we performed haplo-HSCT followed by PT/Cy on 8 NCL pediatric patients. The median age was 4.5 years (range from 2.8 to 7 years). And the donors were their haploidentical HLA-matched parents, as no identically matched donor was found. The median nucleated cell count was 25.37 (10–34.41) ×108/kg and the median CD34+ count was 13.7(8.95–22)×106/kg. Neutrophil reconstitution occurred at 12 days (11–14 days) after transplantation, and median platelet reconstitution time was 12 days (9–14 days) after transplantation. All patients achieved full donor chimerism and did not develop Grade II–IV acute GvHD or chronic GvHD after transplantation. The median follow-up period was 2.2 (1.5–2.6) years. All patients are still alive at present, and develop no severe transplantation-related complications. The mental and motor disorders, myoclonic seizures, and vision loss of all patients continue to progress, but the progression slows down at 12 months after the transplantation. Conclusion: Observations reported in this study suggest it is safe and efficacy to treat NCLs with haplo-HSCT. Transplantation should be performed as early as possible for the survival quality of pediatric patients.
Up-Regulation of MTHFD2 is Associated With Clinicopathological Characteistics and Poor Survival in Ovarian Cancer, Possibly By Regulating MOB1A Signaling
Authors: Cui Xiangrong , Su Huancheng , Yang Jiaolin , Wu Xueqing , Huo Kai , Jing Xuan , Zhang Sanyuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: MTHFD2 is a folate-coupled metabolic enzyme, which has been proved to participant in the metabolic reprogramming and tumor cell-sustaining proliferative capacity. However, the function of MTHFD2 in the development of ovarian cancer and its potential molecular mechanisms is still unclear. Materials and methods: The expression, various mutations, prognosis, and related network signaling pathways of MTHFD2 were analyzed using bioinformatics-related websites, including Oncomine, GEPIA, UCSC, cBioPortal, KM Plotter, TISIDB and TIMER. The prognostic value of MTHFD2 expression was validated by our own ovarian cancer samples using RT-qPCR. The migration ad invasion of ovarian cancer cells were further analyzed by CCK-8 and transwell assay. The Western-blot assay was performed to explore the protein levels of MTHFD2 and MOB1A. Results: We obtained the following important results. (1) MTHFD2 expression was markedly up-regulated in ovarian cancer than normal samples. (2) Among patients with ovarian cancer, those with higher MTHFD2 expression was associated with lower survival rate. (3) The major mutation type of MTHFD2 in ovarian cancer samples was missense mutation. (4) MTHFD2 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as the expression of MOB1A in vitro. Conclusion: MTHFD2, as a NAD+-dependent enzyme, accelerated tumor progression by up-regulating MBO1A, suggesting that this protein may be an independent prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target for future ovarian cancer treatments.
Interhospital Transmission of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Faecium in Aomori, Japan
Authors: Saito Norihiro , Kitazawa Junichi , Horiuchi Hiroko , Yamamoto Takeo , Kimura Masahiko , Inoue Fumio , Matsui Mika , Minakawa Satoko , Itoga Masamichi , Tsuchiya Junichiro , Suzuki Satowa , Hisatsune Junzo , Gu Yoshiaki , Sugai Motoyuki , Kayaba Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A series of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREf) outbreaks caused by clonal propagation due to inter-hospital transmission occurred in six general hospitals in Aomori prefecture, Japan. This was the first multi-jurisdictional outbreak of VREf sequence type 1421 in Japan. It took almost three years for VREf prevalence to return to pre-outbreak levels. The duration and size of outbreaks differed between hospitals according to the countermeasures available at each hospital. Prompt and strong countermeasures including patient isolation and repetitive screening of all inpatients were required to control the outbreaks. In addition to strict infection control measures, continuous monitoring of VREf prevalence in local medical regions and smooth and immediate communication among hospitals are required to prevent VREf outbreaks.
Impact of Digestion on Surface Microstructures of Microplastics
Authors: Chen Hui , Chen Fengyi , Liu Hongsheng , Zhu Zhiyi , Liu Zhejin , Chen Ling , Yu Long 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recently, there have been more reports and concerns about microplastics from various media and journals in the world. Except for land and water pollutions, much attention has been given to the impact of microplastics on animal and human health. However, previous studies have shown that digestion could not affect the particles of various microplastics due to their stable behavior. This work focuses on the impact of artificial digestion on the surface microstructures of microplastics from well recognized popular sources such as PP, PE, PET, PS and PVC. SEM and AFM were used to study the impact of artificial digestion on the surface morphologies of microplastics; while ATR-FTIR and XPS were used to investigate the impact of artificial digestion on the chemical properties of the surface of the microplastics. There were no physical differences observed by both SEM and AFM. There were no significant chemical differences detected by both FTIR and XPS after treatment. The slight differences of resolved C1s spectra for PS and PET samples detected by XPS should be further investigated. The study results show that the digestion system could not decompose the microplastics. Generally, plastic particles are widely considered to be inert due to their low chemical reactivity.