bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A photoanode with hierarchical nanoforest TiO2 structure and silver plasmonic nanoparticles for flexible dye sensitized solar cell
Authors: Choudhury Brishty Deb , Lin Chen , Shawon Sk Md Ali Zaker , Soliz-Martinez Javier , Huq Hasina , Uddin Mohammed Jasim 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDue to unique photovoltaic properties, the nanostructured morphologies of TiO2on flexible substrate have been studied extensively in the recent years for applications in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Microstructured electrode materials with high surface area can facilitate rapid charge transport and thus improve the light-to-current conversion efficiency. Herein we present an improved photoanode with forest like photoactive TiO2hierarchical microstructure using a simple and facile hydrothermal route. To utilize the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and hence increase the photon conversion efficiency, a plasmonic nanoparticle Ag has also been deposited using a very feasible photoreduction method. The branched structure of the photoanode increases the dye loading by filling the space between the nanowires, whereas Ag nanoparticles play the multiple roles of dye absorption and light scattering to increase the light-to-current conversion efficiency of the device. The branched structure provides a suitable matrix for the subsequent Ag deposition. They improve the charge collection efficiency by providing the preferential electron pathways. The high-density Ag nanoparticles deposited on the forest like structure also decrease the charge recombination and therefore improve the photovoltaic efficiency of the cells. As a result, the DSSC based on this novel photoanode shows remarkably higher photon conversion efficiency (ηmax = 4.0% and ηopt = 3.15%) compared to the device based on pristine nanowire or forest-like TiO2structure. The flexibility of the device showed sustainable and efficient performance of the microcells.
Dual polarized engineering the extinction cross-section of a dielectric wire using graphene-based oligomers
Authors: Raad Shiva Hayati , Atlasbaf Zahra 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, graphene-coated spherical nanoparticles are arranged around an infinite length dielectric cylinder to enhance its extinction cross-section. Initially, a single longitudinal one-dimensional periodic array is considered in different loci concerning the transverse electric (TE) incident plane wave. It is observed that regardless of the position of the particles, the extinction cross-section of the dielectric cylinder is considerably enhanced with respect to the bare one. Later, by increasing the number of longitudinal plasmonic arrays around the cylinder, each residing in a different azimuthal direction, the extinction cross-section is further manipulated to observe double pronounced Fano resonances. The origin of the Fano resonances is described by considering their planar counterparts constructed by the periodic assembly of plasmonic oligomers. Finally, the hexamer configuration is considered as the prototype, and the effect of various optical, geometrical, and material parameters on the optical response is investigated in detail. Interestingly, due to the spherical symmetry of the cells, the extinction cross-section is also enhanced for the transverse magnetic (TM) incident wave, which is unattainable using a continuous plasmonic cover made of metal or graphene. The potential application of our proposed structure is in the design of reconfigurable conformal optical absorbers and sensors.
iTRAQ-based proteome profiling revealed the role of Phytochrome A in regulating primary metabolism in tomato seedling
Authors: Thomas Sherinmol , Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Kapil , Barpanda Abhilash , Sreelakshmi Yellamaraju , Sharma Rameshwar , Srivastava Sanjeeva 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn plants, during growth and development, photoreceptors monitor fluctuations in their environment and adjust their metabolism as a strategy of surveillance. Phytochromes (Phys) play an essential role in plant growth and development, from germination to fruit development. FR-light (FR) insensitive mutant (fri) carries a recessive mutation in Phytochrome A and is characterized by the failure to de-etiolate in continuous FR. Here we used iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics along with metabolomics to unravel the role of Phytochrome A in regulating central metabolism in tomato seedlings grown under FR. Our results indicate that Phytochrome A has a predominant role in FR-mediated establishment of the mature seedling proteome. Further, we observed temporal regulation in the expression of several of the late response proteins associated with central metabolism. The proteomics investigations identified a decreased abundance of enzymes involved in photosynthesis and carbon fixation in the mutant. Profound accumulation of storage proteins in the mutant ascertained the possible conversion of sugars into storage material instead of being used or the retention of an earlier profile associated with the mature embryo. The enhanced accumulation of organic sugars in the seedlings indicates the absence of photomorphogenesis in the mutant.
A hospital-based study on clinical data, demographic data and visual function of keratoconus patients in Central China
Authors: Yang Kaili , Xu Liyan , Fan Qi , Gu Yuwei , Zhang Bo , Meng Feiying , Zhao Dongqing , Pang Chenjiu , Ren Shengwei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChina is a populous country but lacks epidemiological data on keratoconus (KC). The present study aimed to investigate the clinical data, demographic data, and visual function (VF) data of KC patients in Central China. A total of 524 KC eyes in 307 KC patients (217 bilateral and 90 unilateral) from Henan Eye Hospital were included in the current study. Demographic and VF data were assessed with questionnaires administered by well-trained staff during face-to-face interviews. Visual acuity value was examined by a qualified optometrist, and the clinical data were measured by professional clinicians. The distributions of sex, residence and education level of KC patients were compared by Chi-square tests, and the ratios of people wearing glasses and rigid gas permeable (RGP) lenses were compared by McNemar tests. General linear models/Chi-squared tests were used to compare the clinical and demographic data according to KC severity. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to test the associations between the data and KC severity. The mean age at diagnosis was 20.98 ± 6.06 years, and males had a higher ratio of KC than females (P < 0.001). Patients in rural areas had a higher rate of KC than those in urban areas (P = 0.039), and the proportion of KC patients with a higher education level (above high school) was high (P < 0.001). A total of 68.40% of the patients reported eye rubbing and 3.52% had a positive family history. The percentage of people wearing glasses was higher than that of patients wearing RGP lenses (P < 0.001). The total VF score of KC patients was 69.35 ± 15.25. The thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) and stiffness parameter at the first applanation (SP-A1) values were inversely correlated with KC severity (P < 0.05). The mean, steep, and max keratometry (Km, Ks and Kmax) values, the RGP lens use and keratoplasty were positively correlated with KC severity (all P < 0.05). The total VF score of the eye with better VA decreased as the severity increased (r = − 0.21, P = 0.002). The present study comprehensively describes various associated features of KC patients from a tertiary hospital in Central China, providing a reference for understanding the characteristics of KC patients in China.
Prediction of hematocrit through imbalanced dataset of blood spectra
Authors: Decaro Cristoforo , Montanari Giovanni Battista , Bianconi Marco , Bellanca Gaetano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn spite of machine learning has been successfully used in a wide range of healthcare applications, there are several parameters that could influence the performance of a machine learning system. One of the big issues for a machine learning algorithm is related to imbalanced dataset. An imbalanced dataset occurs when the distribution of data is not uniform. This makes harder the implementation of accurate models. In this paper, intelligent models are implemented to predict the hematocrit level of blood starting from visible spectral data. The aim of this work is to show the effects of two balancing techniques (SMOTE and SMOTE+ENN) on the imbalanced dataset of blood spectra. Four different machine learning systems are fitted with imbalanced and balanced datasets and their performances are compared showing an improvement, in terms of accuracy, due to the use of balancing.
Consensus rule for wheat cultivar classification on VL, VNIR and SWIR imaging
Authors: Işık Şahin , Özkan Kemal , Demirez Duygu Zeynep , Seke Erol 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo facilitate the quality assessment of wheat cultivars, diverse imaging tools and techniques have been applied in order to omit the expert decision, which can cause failure in the identification of the wheat cultivar's label and its quality simultaneously. To minimize the risks caused by the expert's decision, a promising framework for identification is greatly required to more effectively assess wheat type. Therefore, to be beneficial to this association, two methods have been developed by performing traditional and modern feature extraction algorithms on visible light (VL), visible near‐infrared (VNIR) and short‐wave infrared (SWIR) imaging as well as a fusion of these imaging systems. The proposed systems are called the bag of word (BoW) framework and convolutional neural networks (CNN) framework. With regard to wheat cultivar detection, the consensus rule has been established based on decisions predicted by CNN and BoW frameworks. The accuracy results obtained by consensus rule indicate that we have achieved 99.94% and 68.94% in case of CNN framework and BoW framework, respectively. Experimental results suggest that BoW features are not suitable to represent and match texture patterns such as repeated wheat kernels in an image, whereas CNN features always outperform handcrafted elements and properties for all datasets.
Risk‐adjustable stochastic schedule based on Sobol augmented Latin hypercube sampling considering correlation of wind power uncertainties
Authors: Ma Zeyang , Gao Jianwei , Hu Wenqiang , Dinavahi Venkata 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe risks associated with wind power forecast (WF) deviations are of paramount importance to many power system participants (PSPs). However, traditional sampling approaches are computationally prohibitive to model these deviations. Additionally, setting a risk level for satisfying different PSPs receives little attention. This paper constructs a risk‐adjustable stochastic day‐ahead scheduling (RSDS) model to balance the risk requirements of PSPs, and proposes a Sobol‐augmented Latin Hypercube Sampling (SaLHS) approach to improve sampling efficiency for scenario generation process in RSDS. At first, SaLHS and D‐vine copula are combined to generate WF error scenarios for RSDS considering correlations of wind farms. Specifically, SaLHS improves the uniformity and removes the correlation of random samples. Then, a Glue‐VaR‐based generation adequacy index (GVGAI) is proposed to measure operational risk. By adjusting the parameters of GVGAI, a desirable risk level can be obtained considering requirements of different PSPs. Furthermore, a multi‐objective RSDS model is constructed considering operational cost and GVGAI. At last, an entropy‐Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment method is proposed to find the best compromise solution for RSDS model based on the Pareto front obtained by an ε‐constraint method. A modified IEEE‐RTS system is used to validate the effectiveness of proposed method via numerical simulations.
Low‐frequency performance of openable flexible double‐loop Rogowski coil
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Huang Hui , Jiao Chaoqun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDouble‐loop Rogowski coils have become increasingly popular in the market because of their high sensitivity and flexible usage compared to their extended single‐loop coils. Due to the high number of turns (thousands) and its small turn diameter (<0.17 mm), it is very hard to draw 3D models of double‐loop coils with graphical software, let alone calculate electrical quantities by simulating them on the computer. To meet market's needs for designing high‐accuracy double‐loop coil, a method for calculating its low‐frequency coefficient of the double‐loop coil is presented. This calculation method is applicable to low‐frequency current‐carrying conductors of various geometric configurations. All experimental results verify the methods. Using this method, the errors of five typical double‐loop coils caused by three representative current‐carrying conductors are compared. The double‐loop coils are also compared with two relative single‐loop coils. These methods can quickly and accurately measure their errors of double‐loop coil with thousands of turns under different application environments. These methods are very useful for designing highly accurate double‐loop coils for a given application.
Kognitive Neurowissenschaft der psychischen Resilienz
Authors: Wackerhagen Carolin , Reppmann Zala , Riepenhausen Antje , Milos Veer Ilya , Walter Henrik 
Published: April 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGResilienz, die Fähigkeit, trotz widriger Umstände psychisch gesund zu bleiben oder es wieder zu werden, ist ein Phänomen, das auch neurowissenschaftlich untersucht wird. Längsschnittliche neurowissenschaftliche Studien, in denen Resilienz als Ergebnis einer erfolgreichen Anpassung an Stress definiert wird, gibt es nur wenige. Erkenntnisse zur Neuropsychobiologie der Resilienz lassen sich jedoch aus Querschnittsstudien ableiten, in denen die Resilienz der Teilnehmenden retrospektiv eingeschätzt wurde. Dieser Artikel stellt ein biopsychosoziales Modell der Resilienz vor, fasst aktuelle neurowissenschaftliche Ergebnisse zusammen und macht methodische Vorschläge für die neurowissenschaftliche Resilienzforschung. Relevante neuronale/neuroendokrine Netzwerke der Resilienz sind das limbisch-kortikale Netzwerk der Stressreaktion, das meso-kortiko-striatale Netzwerk der Belohnungsverarbeitung sowie das Default Mode Netzwerk der interozeptiven Informationsverarbeitung. Kognitive und verhaltensbezogene Strategien, welche die Herunterregulation der Stressreaktion, die Heraufregulation positiven Erlebens sowie flexible Wechsel zwischen intro- und extrozeptiver Prozessierung ermöglichen, können Resilienz begünstigen.
Resilienzforschung und Prävention
Authors: Helmreich Isabella , Tüscher Oliver , Gilan Donya , Lutz Beat , Lieb Klaus 
Published: April 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas Leibniz-Institut für Resilienzforschung (LIR) vereint durch seine einzigartige interdisziplinäre Forschungsprogrammatik translationale, transdiagnostische und mehrdimensionale Resilienzforschung mit angewandter Gesundheitsprävention und Wissenstransfer in die Gesellschaft in einem Institut. Die aus der Grundlagen- und klinischen Resilienzforschung gewonnenen neurobiologischen und humanpsychologischen Erkenntnisse werden dazu genutzt, übergeordnete Resilienzmechanismen im Gehirn besser zu verstehen. Darauf basierend werden effektive und evidenzbasierte Präventionsprogramme entwickelt, die Betroffenen helfen, besser mit Stress, widrigen Lebensumständen und psychischen Erkrankungen umzugehen. Zudem wird dem Transfer der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsergebnisse des LIR in die Fach- und allgemeine Öffentlichkeit ein besonderer Stellenwert eingeräumt. Durch seinen gesamtgesellschaftlichen Ansatz trägt das LIR nicht nur im Rahmen der Verhaltens-, sondern auch der Verhältnisprävention zur Vermeidung stressbedingter Folgeerkrankungen bei und hat somit ein hohes gesamtgesellschaftliches Präventionspotenzial.
Den Genderkäfig verlassen – Beachtung von Genderaspekten in der Behandlung männlicher Substanzabhängigkeit
Authors: Vosshagen Arnulf 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungMänner dominieren im Konsum und der Abhängigkeit von Alkohol und illegalen Drogen. Ein Bezug zur Lebenssituation von Männern und deren Art ihre Männlichkeit zu konstruieren, wird jedoch in der Suchttherapie, -forschung und Therapieausbildung selten gezogen. Die männliche Geschlechtsrolle stellt heute eine größere Pluralität zur Verfügung. Sie basiert jedoch weiterhin grundsätzlich auf traditionellen Elementen von Stärke und Invulnerabilität. Ein Diskurs unter Männern über die Gefahren und Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten von männlichem Verhalten hat nicht wirklich begonnen. Stattdessen wächst global eher eine Rückentwicklung hin zu starren Frauen- und Männerbildern. Männer sterben jedoch nach wie vor früher als Frauen, häufig an Suizid und sind z. B. deutlich häufiger inhaftiert. Dieser Artikel fokussiert die enge Beziehung von Männern zur Substanzabhängigkeit und appelliert für eine gendersensible Beachtung männlicher Geschlechtsrollenaspekte in der Suchttherapie. Als Beispiele für ein mögliches Vorgehen wird auf ein Manual zum Thema und eine kürzlich erschienene Videoreihe verwiesen.
Alkylcarbagermatranes Permit an Alkylation-Terminated Catellani Reaction
Authors: Xiao Bin , Jiang Wei-Tao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe highlight our recent researches on an alkylation-terminated Catellani reaction using alkylcarbagermatranes. This strategy highlights the unique structure and property of alkylcarbagermatranes and also fills the gap in the Catellani reaction where alkylation termination was missing.
Spinal Perineural Cysts among European Patients
Authors: Kozłowski Piotr , Kalinowski Paweł , Kozłowska Magdalena , Jankiewicz Małgorzata , Budny Agnieszka , Starosławska Elżbieta , Burdan Franciszek 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background A perineural (Tarlov) cyst is a fluid-filled lesion occurring between the perineurium and the endoneurium of spinal nerve roots. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and morphology of perineural cysts, detected incidentally in patients with symptomatic degenerative disk disease.
Materials/methods The study was based on the retrospective data gathered during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations.
Results and Conclusions Out of 3,128 spinal MRI examinations, perineural cysts were detected in 286 patients (9%). The cysts were most commonly observed in the sacral region, followed by thoracic, cervical, and lumbar regions. Cysts were more common in women than in men and the average age of patients was 54.8 years. In the majority, a single cyst was found. The average longest dimension of the lesion was 11.72 mm.
Prehospital Impact on Family Members of Road Traffic Accident
Authors: Raju Birudu , R. Kanmani T. , Konar Subhas , Shukla Dhaval , kukkehalli Raghavendra 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background Prehospital care is nonexistent in most rural and semiurban areas. The implementation of golden hour care is still unachieved. The psychosocial problems of family members who accompany the traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors after road traffic accidents (RTA) are not given attention during prehospital care. Therefore, the current study was aimed to understand the prehospital psychosocial impact on family members.

Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Emergency and Trauma Care Centre at National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru between July 2017 to April 2018. Forty-five (n = 45) referred family members providing care for trauma survivors were purposively recruited in the study. Structured checklists were administered to measure the psychological reactions and psychosocial problems experienced by the family members during prehospital care. Data analysis was analyzed using the R software 3.0.1 version.

Results TBI survivor's mean age was found to be 33 years (33.09 ± 13.20), of which males were 23 (51.1%) and females were 22 (48.9%), respectively. The result depicted first aid was provided by unskilled people after an average of 41 minutes (41 ± 30). The results further showed that family members had experienced agitation (100%), shock (82.2%), fatigue and headache (75.6%), depression (66.7%), feeling of hopelessness (55.6%) helplessness, and lack of support from family and financial constraints (48.9%) during prehospital care.

Conclusion Psychosocial interventions need to be provided during prehospital care by trained medical and psychiatric social work professionals to address the need of family members during the crisis.
Delirium Research in India: A Systematic Review
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Kathiravan Sanjana , Dua Devakshi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDelirium is the most common psychiatric diagnoses encountered in patients with various medical-surgical illnesses, in all the treatment set-ups, with relatively higher incidence and prevalence in the intensive care units. As delirium is encountered in multiple specialties, it is important to understand the research on this diagnosis. This study aims to assess the research output involving patients of delirium from India. A comprehensive search was undertaken using Medline (PubMed) and other databases. Search words included were “delirium,” “delirious,” “delirium tremens” AND “India.” No filters were used. Internet and hand searches yielded 305 articles. Out of these articles, 151 had the terms “delirium,” “delirious,” “delirium tremens” in the title and these were included for the review. Additionally, 14 articles were included for the review, although these did not have these terms in the title, but delirium was one of the major outcome parameters in these studies. Majority of the papers were original articles (n= 81), and these were followed by, case reports (n= 58), review articles (n= 10), letter to the editor (not as case reports but as a communication;n= 13), editorials (n= 2) and one clinical practice guideline. Most of the original papers have either focused on epidemiology (incidence, prevalence, outcome, etc.), symptom profile, with occasional studies focusing on effectiveness of various pharmacological interventions. There is a dearth of research in the field of delirium from India. There is a lack of studies on biomarkers, evaluation of nonpharmacological interventions, and evaluation of prevention strategies. It is the need of the hour to carry out more studies to further our understanding of delirium in the Indian context.
Coleophora deauratella (red clover casebearer).
Authors: Cottrell Vicki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Coleophora deauratella is a moth species native to Europe, eastern Siberia and the Middle East. It was introduced into North America in the 1960s, becoming a significant pest of Trifolium pratense seed crops in Ontario, Canada in 1989. Based on a study of genetic diversity from a limited number of European populations of C. deauratella, the most probable source of North American populations was found to be Switzerland; further sampling within Europe may improve geographical resolution of the source population. Within North America, C. deauratella has been identified as an invasive in Alberta and Ontario in Canada and Oregon and New York in the USA. It has been an invasive pest in New Zealand since its discovery there in 2015, where it has devastated T. pratense crops.
Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed).
Authors: Cortat Ghislaine 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

C. arvensis, commonly known as bindweed, is a climbing herbaceous perennial native to Eurasia. This species is present in most parts of the world where it has been accidentally introduced as a contaminant of both agricultural and horticultural seed. C. arvensis produces a long lived root system and up to 500 seeds per plant. This species can grow very rapidly where it competes with native vegetation and agricultural and horticultural crops for nutrients, moisture, light and space. As a result, neighbouring plants may become smothered leading to a decrease in biodiversity and a reduction in crop yield. Control of this species is difficult due to the longevity of seeds in the soil bank (up to 20 years) and the ability of small fragments of rhizome to produce new shoots.