bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CROSS SECTION OF ELECTRON ANTINEUTRINO INTERACTION WITH 40AR AND 84KR AND ITS RELEVANCE TO GEONEUTRINO DETECTION
Authors: Ferdiyan Akmal , Prabowo Urip Nurwijayanto 
Published: February 2021

Neutrino can carry information from places that cannot be reached by the usual detection mechanism because it has a very weak interaction with matter. This can be utilized to study the heat flow process inside the earth by using information carried by geoneutrino (electron antineutrino). In this sense, it is important to know the characteristics of neutrino interaction with materials. In this study, the cross-section calculation of the electron antineutrino interaction with Ar-40 and Kr-84 was carried out using computational methods with the help of GENIE software. In the energy range of 0-10 MeV, the dominant interaction between the two materials is the interaction of QES NC and MEC types with an energy threshold of 5,09 MeV. Both Ar-40 and Kr-84 cannot be used as a scintillator material for geoneutrino detection because in the energy range 0-4,4 MeV the cross-sectional value of the CC interaction is 0.
The Role of Learning Corners in Developing Multiple Developmental Intelligences for Kindergarten Children from Their Mothers' Point of View
Authors: Hana H. Al-Fulfuly  , Hala B. Al-Foqara  
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to identifying the role of learning in developing multiple developmental intelligences for Kindergarten children from their mothers' point of view. The study sample consisted of (160) mothers who were distributed into two groups: the first group consisted of (80) mothers of children attending kindergartens with learning corners, and the second group consisted of (80) mothers of children attending traditional kindergartens. To achieve the study objectives, the descriptive method was used and a questionnaire for assessing learning corners and multiple developmental intelligences scale (MIDAS) were used. The study results showed that multiple developmental intelligences among the children attending kindergartens with learning corners were high, while multiple developmental intelligences among the children attending traditional kindergartens were medium. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences in the total score and in the sub-scores for each of the multiple developmental intelligences between the children attending kindergartens with learning corners and those attending traditional kindergartens in favor of the children attending kindergartens with learning corners. The study recommended that concerned authorities should include learning corners in the classroom as they develop multiple intelligences.
Keyword: multiple developmental intelligences, learning corners, kindergarten’s children
Authors: Amalia Sa'adatul , Susatyo Priyo , Sugiharto Sugiharto 
Published: February 2021

Belut sawah merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang habitatnya di lahan persawahan dan tubuhnya tidak memiliki sisik. Belut sawah memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi, sehingga banyak dikonsumsi serta dijual di pasar lokal maupun internasional. Reproduksi belut bersifat hermaprodit protogini yang memiliki siklus pergantian dari kelamin betina ke kelamin jantan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman dengan pengambilan sampel Belut Sawah di Desa Kalitinggar, Kemacatan Padamara, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Indeks Kematangan Gonad (IKG) dengan panjang tubuh belut tertentu, serta gambaran histologi gonad belut sawah pada masing-masing bulan tangkap. Hasil penelitian dari hasil tangkapan belut sebanyak 54 ekor. Belut sawah ditangkap pada bulan Mei, Juni dan Agustus 2019. Panjang tubuh belut dari hasil tangkapan berkisar 16-35 cm dengan nilai IKG sebesar 0,32 - 10,36%. Terdapat korelasi antara panjang tubuh belut dengan ikg dengan nilai p>0,01 yang diuji menggunakan Korelasi pearson pada aplikasi SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop belut yang dihasilkan banyak yang berjenis kelamin betina dengan kisaran panjang 19-32 cm.
Eksplorasi Bakteri Diazotrof dari Rizosfer Tanaman Bawah Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Brebes, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Amalia Dwi Ayu Lutfia , Oedjijono Oedjijono , Purwanto Purwanto 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bakteri diazotrof yang mampu menambat nitrogen dan menghasilkan hormon IAA dengan cara menyeleksinya dari rizosfer tanaman bawang merah di Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan selama 6 bulan (Januari-Juni 2020). Penelitian ini terdiri dari pengambilan sampel tanah perakaran bawang merah di Brebes, Jawa Tengah, isolasi bakteri tanah pada medium Yeast Mannitol Agar+Congo red, Ashby, dan Caceres, uji produksi IAA metode Salkowski, uji kemampuan penambatan nitrogen metode Kjeldahl, dan identifikasi bakteri. Sebanyak sembilan isolat bakteri diazotrof yang mampu menghasilkan IAA telah berhasil diisolasi. Kesembilan isolat tersebut mampu menghasilkan IAA dengan konstentrasi antara 3,05-3,51 ppm, dengan isolat LAR3 sebagai penghasil IAA tertinggi. Hasil perhitungan kemampuan menambat nitrogen bebas dengan metode Kjeldahl dari 6 isolat terbaik penghasil IAA, mampu menghasilkan konsentrasi berkisar antara 3,15-88,55 ppm, dengan isolat LAR5 sebagai penghasil nitrogen tertinggi. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan kesembilan isolat bakteri yang didapatkan termasuk dalam 3 kelompok bakteri yang berbeda, yaitu empat isolat termasuk spesies anggota genus Rhizobium (isolat LAR3,LAR5,LBR1,dan LCR3), tiga isolat adalah spesies anggota genus Azospirillum (isolat LAA4,LAA5, dan LCA1), dan dua isolat termasuk spesies anggota genus Azotobacter (isolat LBZ2 dan LBZ3).
Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Zooplankton Fauna of Uta Ewa Estuary, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Authors: Jonah Udeme Effiong , Anyanwu Emeka Donald , Avoaja Diane Akudo 
Published: February 2021

Estuaries are influenced by the mixture of river water with seawater; creating unique ecosystems with several physical and chemical processes affecting the water quality. Spatial and temporal assessment of the composition, abundance, and distribution of zooplankton fauna of Uta Ewa Estuarine water system was carried out between May 2019 and February 2020 to assess the effects of anthropogenic activities on the zooplankton assemblage. Water and Zooplankton samples were collected from three (3) stations using standard procedures. Some parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, hydrogen-ion, electrical conductivity, and turbidity were determined in-situ. The ranges of the physico-chemical parameters were: water temperature (24.9-25.3oC), EC (62.3-70.9mS/m), pH (6.5-6.7), turbidity (12.0-28.0NTU), DO (3.8-4.7mg/L), BOD (2.3-3.2mg/L), phosphate (3.2-5.2mg/L), and nitrate (3.0-6.3mg/L). ANOVA showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the spatial and temporal means values of some parameters. A total of 1,067 individuals from 30 zooplankton taxa and 4 taxonomic groups were recorded. Rotifers (33.4%) were the dominant group, followed by protozoa (32.9%), copepods (20.9%) and cladocerans (13.8%). Station 1 had the highest abundance (388 individuals), station 2 (303 individuals) and station 3(375 individuals). The higher number of individuals (193) was recorded in August 2019. The biodiversity indices pointed to slightly polluted to stable environment. This study showed that the water quality and zooplankton community was influenced by anthropogenic activities both spatially and temporally but season also played a major role in the temporal variation. In conclusion, the water quality was deteriorating due to anthropogenic activities, which in turn affected the structure of zooplankton community. Keywords: Abundance, Assessment, Zooplankton, Physicochemical, Estuary
The Correlation Between Plankton Abundance And Water Quality in Donan River
Authors: Andriyani Nuraina , Mahdiana Arif , Hilmi Endang , Kristian Samuel 
Published: February 2021

Planktons have ability to live in aquatic ecosystem, including rivers ecosystem, estuary ecosystem, lake ecosystem and ocean ecosystem. The plankton abundance is estimated by correlation with water quality both of salinity, pH, temperature and others. This research aimed to analysis plankton abundance and to analysis correlation between plankton abundance and water quality. This research was conducted in Donan River using random sampling in 10 stations. The plankton are collected using plankton net no 25 and Lackey Drop Mikrotranset Counting (plankton analysis) and APHA (2005) to analysis water quality. The results showed that the plankton abundance ranged between 524 – 6,406 ind L-1 and best correlation with water salinity had index 0.975. Keywords: plankton abundance, water quality, Donan river, water salinity, correlation
The Biological Aspect of Mackerel Scad (<i>Decapterus Macarellus</i> Cuvier, 1833) In Samudera Hindia (West Sumatera Block)
Authors: Widiyastuti Heri , Pane Andina Ramadhani Putri , Fauzi Moh , Hidayat Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) is one of the important economical caught in the Indian Ocean West Sumatra waters captured using purse seine. Increased production of mackerel scad will lead to increased exploitation, causing population changes. Therefore, research was carried out to find out the biological aspects of the fish so that resource management can be done. The sampling was conducted in Lampulo, Sibolga, and Air Bangis from February to November 2016 with total samples of 716 fishes. This research was conduct to study some biological aspects which consist of size distribution, length-weight relationship, sex ratio, gonad maturity level, the length at first capture, and length of the first maturity in Indian ocean west Sumatera waters. The results showed that the size of the mackerel scad had ranged between 16 - 33.6 cm FL and the average was 24.5 cm. Growth patterns are allometric negative, sex ratio male and female in an unbalanced condition. The mackerel scad is most caught by purse seine in maturity condition. The average length at first captured was 25.08 cm FL and length at first mature was 20.47 cm FL. These were an ideal biological condition and must be maintained because it provides an opportunity for fish to increase the population. The mesh size purse must follow the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Regulation Number 71/2016 that adjusted for minimum at 1 inch. Keywords: Mackerel scad, Indian Ocean, purse seine
Spons dari Tepung Glukomanan dengan Penambahan Charcoal
Authors: Novita Novita , Anjarni Nur Rahtiwi , Fadilah Fadilah 
Published: February 2021

<p><strong>Abstrak.</strong><strong> </strong>Telah dilakukan pembuatan spons dengan bahan dasar tepung glukomanan dengan penambahan charcoal. Pada percobaan ini dipelajari pengaruh dua jenis larutan alkali yaitu larutan Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> dan larutan NaOH terhadap karakteristik spons yang dihasilkan. Spons dibuat dengan cara melarutkan tepung glukomanan dalam air yang dilanjutkan dengan membusakan larutan dengan penambahan Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLS) bersama-sama dengan penambahan charcoal. Larutan basa ditambahkan untuk membentuk gel basah. Spon kering diperoleh setelah proses thawing dan pengeringan dengan sinar matahari.Karakterisasi spons dilakukan dengan melihat rongga menggunakan mikroskop kamera serta menganalisis daya serap air, daya ekspansi spon basah serta nilai iod teradsorpsi. Spons yang dihasilkan mempunyai rongga dengan ukuran antara 0,1 mm sampai 0,25 mm. Spons dengan daya serap air dan daya ekspansi tinggi diperoleh pada penambahan larutan NaOH, massa charcoal yang ditambahkan sebesar 1gram serta ukuran charcoal +50-60 mesh. Sedangkan spons yang dihasilkan apabila menggunakan alkali berupa Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> dengan massa charcoal yang ditambahkan sebesar 0,5gram serta ukuran charcoal +60-70 mesh diperoleh diameter rata-rata rongga spons dan nilai iod teradsorpsi yang tinggi.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>. A sponge was made with a basic ingredient of glucomannan with the addition of charcoal. In this experiment, the effect of two types of alkaline solution i.e., Na2CO3 and NaOH, either the size and the amount of charcoal, were studied on the sponge's characteristics. The sponge was made by dissolving glucomannan flour in water. This step was followed by mixing the solution with Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLS) and charcoal. The alkaline solution was added to form a wet gel. The dry sponge was obtained after thawing and sun drying. The sponge's characterization was done by observing the foam cavity using a camera microscope and analyzing water absorption, sponge expansion, and iodine adsorption. The sponge has cavities with a size between 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm. Sponges with water absorption and high expansion were obtained by adding NaOH solution, one gram of charcoal and the size of charcoal -50+60 mesh. Sponge produced using Na2CO3 with 0.5 gram charcoal with size - 60+70 mesh has a high diameter cavity and a high adsorbed iodine value.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: glucomannan sponge, alkaline solution, charcoal</p>
Asosiasi jenis burung dengan pohon mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) di hutan kota Arboretum Buperta Cibubur Jakarta Timur Indonesia
Authors: Cahyati Fitria Nur , Suhendi Aldo , Ardyanti Dwi Sukma , Aini Salma Amalia , Rusdi  , Isfaeni Hanum 
Published: February 2021

Burung memanfaatkan pohon sebagai tempat untuk melakukan aktivitasnya. Pohon mahoni merupakan pohon yang mendominasi kawasan Hutan Kota Arboretum Buperta Cibubur. Penelitian tentang asosiasi jenis burung dengan pohon mahoni di Hutan Kota Arboretum Buperta Cibubur, Jakarta Timur untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pemanfaatan pohon mahoni oleh burung. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik point count dan titik penelitian sebanyak 14 plot dengan jarak masing-masing 50 meter. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara purposive sampling. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder, dengan mengamati langsung burung di pohon mahoni kemudian mencatat setiap kegiatan dilakukan dalam waktu 15 menit untuk setiap plot penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 jenis burung, jenis asosiasi berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan aosiasi negatif. Hasilnya asosiasi tertinggi terdapat pada Dicaeum trochileum dengan nilai asosiasi 0,140, dan nilai asosiasi terendah yaitu 0,001. Burung menggunakan pohon mahoni dengan frekuensi paling tinggi sebagai tempat bertengger yaitu Dicaeum trochileum.
Kata kunci: Asosiasi burung, Pohon mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni), Burung Urban
Perbandingan keanekaragaman jenis amfibi pada jalur Cikaweni dan Rasamala di PPKA Bodogol, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
Authors: Deslina Nina , Mahapranawati Denada Kinanti , Nurfitriani Frena , Amaliah Ami , Fatoni Achmad , Isfaeni Hanum , Rusdi Rusdi 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan keanekaragaman jenis amfibi di Kawasan PPKA Bodogol Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Lido, Sukabumi. metode yang digunakan dlm penelitian ini adalah Visual Encounter Survey yang dilakukan pada jalur sukaweni dan jalur rasamala dengan Jenis data yang dikumpulkan pada table pengamatan yang memiliki komposisi nama jenis, jumlah individu, SVL (snout-vent length), aktivitas, waktu dan substrat saat spesies dijumpai, serta suhu dan temperature saat observasi dimulai dan berakhir. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener, Eveness dan indeks similaritas. hasil yang kami dapatkan pd penelitian ini adalah 25 individu dengan 9 spesies yang berasal dari ordo anura. Terdapat 4 spesies yang ditemukan pada jalur cikaweni yaitu; Chalcorana calconata, Leptobrachium haseltii, Leptophryne borbonica dan Lymnonectes kuhlii yang dengan nilai keanekaragaman 1.14 dan nilai Indeks kemerataan 0.825 dan 6 spesies lainnnya ditemukan pada jalur rasamala, yaitu; Bufo melanostictus, Fajervarya sp, Leptobrachium haseltii, Megophrys montana Mirchohyla sp, dan Rhacophorus reinwardtii dengan nilai tingkat keanekaragaman 1,49 dan indeks kemerataan 0.833. hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua jalur termasuk kedalam kategori sedang tanpa ada spesies yang mendominasi. seangkan Indeks similaritas dari kedua jalur adalah 20% dengan hanya spesies Leptobrachium haseltii sebagai spesies yg terdapat di kedua jalur yang berarti kedua jalur memiliki tingkat similaritas yang rendah.
BITE MARKS ON AN AETOSAUR (ARCHOSAURIA, SUCHIA) OSTEODERM: ASSESSING LATE TRIASSIC PREDATOR-PREY ECOLOGY THROUGH ICHNOLOGY AND TOOTH MORPHOLOGY
Authors: DRYMALA SUSAN M. , BADER KENNETH , PARKER WILLIAM G. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTTrace fossils such as bite marks provide rare, direct evidence of animal behavior, including predator-prey interactions. We present an osteoderm of the aetosaur Typothorax coccinarum from the Late Triassic Chinle Formation of Arizona with several punctures and scores, interpreted here as bite marks, preserved as evidence of predation/scavenging by a large carnivore. The marks include a single bite producing four subparallel fusiform pits on the ventral surface and several additional marks, including striated scores, on the dorsal surface. These traces are described and compared with known contemporaneous carnivorous taxa to determine the source of the bite marks. Some Triassic carnivores, including theropod dinosaurs can be ruled out because of tooth shape and serration densities. Phytosaurs and large paracrocodylomorphs remain as likely candidates based on tooth morphology. Although some phytosaur teeth are too rounded to produce the marks seen in this specimen, we demonstrate that the more lingually flattened teeth typically found in the posterior section of the snout are sufficiently mediolaterally compressed to produce a fusiform pit. A protective function for aetosaur osteoderms cannot be confirmed presently, but the extensive carapace these bones formed would have been a major barrier to both scavengers and active predators and may preserve more feeding/predation traces than previously thought. The bite marks described herein support the hypothesis that aetosaurs were prey items of large archosauromorphs, expanding our understanding of the complex, and seemingly carnivore dominated Late Triassic terrestrial ecosystems of North America.
Morphostructural Setting and Tectonic Evolution of the Central Part of the Sicilian Channel (Central Mediterranean)
Authors: Civile Dario , Brancolini Giuliano , Lodolo Emanuele , Forlin Edy , Accaino Flavio , Zecchin Massimo , Brancatelli Giuseppe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Plio-Quaternary tectonic evolution of the central sector of the Sicilian Channel and the resulting morphostructural setting have been analyzed using a large geophysical dataset consisting of multichannel seismic profiles, which some of them never published, and available bathymetric data. This area hosts two regional-scale tectonic domains that registered the complex pattern of deformation occurred since the Early Pliocene: (1) the Sicilian Channel Rift Zone (SCRZ), which can be divided into a western sector formed by the Pantelleria graben (PG) and in a eastern one represented by the Linosa and Malta grabens (LG and MG) and (2) the Capo Granitola-Sciacca Fault Zone (CGSFZ), a NNE-oriented lithospheric transfer zone that crosses the Sicilian Channel from the Sicily coast to the Linosa Island, of which only its northern part has been studied to date. Data interpretation has allowed achieving the following outcomes: (i) the presence of an alternation of basins and structural highs forming a NNE-oriented separation belt between the western and eastern sectors of the SCRZ, and interpreted as the shallow expression of the southern part of the CGSFZ; (ii) a NE-oriented tectonic lineament separating the MG in a northern and southern part, and interpreted as the southern prosecution of the Scicli-Ragusa Fault System; (iii) the presence of syn-rift deposits in the Plio-Quaternary fill of the grabens, suggesting that the opening of the grabens of the SCRZ was coeval, and started since Early Pliocene in the framework of a NW-oriented right-lateral transtensional mega-shear zone; (iv) continental rifting ended around the Early Calabrian, during which extensional tectonics dominated along the separation belt; (v) the CGSFZ conditioned the SCRZ configuration at a regional scale, leading to the development of the PG in the western sector and of the LG and MG in the eastern one; and (vi) after the Early Calabrian, the PG and the southern MG followed a different tectonic evolution with respect to the LG and northern MG. The syn-rift deposits of the PG and southern MG were sealed by an undeformed post-rift succession, while the LG and the northern MG suffered a basin inversion that ended around the Latest Calabrian time. During this stage, the separation belt was affected by a transpressional tectonics. At present, the grabens of the Sicilian Channel seem to be tectonically inactive, while the CGSFZ represents an active tectonic domain.
Anxiety Disturbs Metabolome of Blood Plasma in Coronary Heart Disease Patients
Authors: Wei Hongyan , Gu Junyuan , Jiang Xueyao , Deng Nan , Wu Jing , Zou Honglian , Zhu Yimin , Tan Boyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the result of complex metabolic disorder caused by various environmental and genetic factors, and often comorbidity with anxiety. Anxiety was known to an independent risk factor for the adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with CHD, while how stress-induced anxiety behavior impacts the metabolome of blood plasma in CHD patients and contributes to CHD worse is unclear. So this study aimed to investigate the effect of anxiety on metabolome of plasma in CHD patients. According to the inclusion and exclusion standard the blood plasma of CHD patients and CHD comorbidity with anxiety were collected after ethics approval. Metabolome analysis of blood plasma using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was performed, then multivariate data analysis was applied to evaluate the data. Disturbance of 39 plasma metabolites were altered in CHD patients accompany by anxiety patients as compared to control group. These disturbed metabolites were mainly involved in tryptophan metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, pentose phosphate metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions. The most significant pathway was tryptophan metabolism including the down-regulation of tryptophan and serotonin. In addition to tryptophan metabolism, the glycerophospholipids metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and pentose phosphate pathway were also greatly affected in this study. These results suggest that anxiety may further disturb CHD three translation of material metabolome. Besides theses metabolism pathway pyrimidine metabolism disturbed significantly which can aggravate the disease in patients with CHD. From these resoults the plasma metabolites monitoring was suggested to be recommended and may be conducive to early detect biomarkers to personalized treatment anxiety in patients with CHD in future.