bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful application of dietary ketogenic metabolic therapy in patients with glioblastoma: a clinical study
Authors: Kiryttopoulos Andreas , Evangeliou Athanasios E. , Katsanika Irene , Boukovinas Ioannis , Foroglou Nikolaos , Zountsas Basilios , Cheva Angeliki , Nikolopoulos Vaios , Zaramboukas Thomas , Duraj Tomas , Seyfried Thomas N. , Spilioti Martha 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) ranks as one of the most aggressive primary malignant tumor affecting the brain. The persistent challenge of treatment failure and high relapse rates in GBM highlights the need for new treatment approaches. Recent research has pivoted toward exploring alternative therapeutic methods, such as the ketogenic diet, for GBM.MethodsA total of 18 patients with GBM, 8 women and 10 men, aged between 34 and 75 years participated in a prospective study, examining the impact of ketogenic diet on tumor progression. The pool of patients originated from our hospital during the period from January 2016 until July 2021 and were followed until January 2024. As an assessment criterion, we set an optimistic target for adherence to the ketogenic diet beyond 6 months. We considered the therapeutic combination successful if the survival reached at least 3 years.ResultsAmong the 18 patients participating in the study, 6 adhered to the ketogenic diet for more than 6 months. Of these patients, one patient passed away 43 months after diagnosis, achieving a survival of 3 years; another passed away at 36 months, narrowly missing the 3-year survival mark; and one is still alive at 33 months post-diagnosis but has yet to reach the 3-year milestone and is, therefore, not included in the final survival rate calculation. The remaining 3 are also still alive, completing 84,43 and 44 months of life, respectively. Consequently, the survival rate among these patients is 4 out of 6, or 66.7%. Of the 12 patients who did not adhere to the diet, only one reached 36 months of survival, while the rest have died in an average time of 15.7 ± 6.7 months, with a 3-year survival rate of 8.3%. Comparing the survival rates of the two groups, we see that the difference is 58.3% (66.7% versus 8.3%) and is statistically significant with p &lt; 0.05 (0.0114) and X2 = 6.409.DiscussionThe outcomes observed in these patients offer promising insights into the potential benefits of the ketogenic diet on the progression of glioblastoma multiforme when compared to those who did not follow the diet consistently.
A prognostic model of lung adenocarcinoma constructed based on circadian rhythm genes and its potential clinical significance
Authors: Fu Cong , Sun Lin , Feng Cuncheng , Zhou Tong , Bi Yanzhi 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common pathological category of lung cancer. Circadian rhythm (CR) disruption has been demonstrated to impact on lung tumorigenesis in mouse models. The aim of this study was to mine genes relevant to CR in LUAD and construct a corresponding risk model.MethodsCRRGs from GSEA-MsigDB were filtered by overlapping DEGs in LUAD and NC specimens, two clusters with survival and clinical discrepancies, and CRRGs. Cox regression analysis (univariate and multivariate) was used to establish a CR-relevant risk model, which was validated in both the training and validation sets. Differences in immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity between subgroups were explored. Prognostic gene expression was tested in clinical cancer and paracancer tissue samples using RT-qPCR.ResultsA grand total of two prognostic genes (CDK1 and HLA-DMA) related to CR were screened. The AUC values of a CR-relevant risk model in predicting 1/3/5-years survival in LUAD patients were greater than 0.6, indicating that the efficiency of the model was decent. Then, the results of CIBERSORT demonstrated noticeable differences in the tumor microenvironment between CR-relevant high- and low-risk subgroups. In addition, the CR-relevant risk score could be performed to estimate the effectiveness of immunotherapy in LUAD patients. The sensitivity of three common drugs (homoharringtonine, lapatinib, and palbociclib) in LUAD could be evaluated by the CR-relevant risk model. Ultimately, the experimental results confirmed that the expression trends of CDK1 and HLA-DMA in our collected clinical samples were in line with the expression trends in the TCGA-LUAD dataset.ConclusionIn conclusion, a CR-relevant risk model based on CDK1 and HLA-DMA was constructed by using bioinformatics analysis, which might supply a new insight into the improved prognosis of LUAD.
Mechanism of PAVA-induced toxicity and inflammation in a cocultured skin cell model
Authors: Song Yunyang , Cheng Wenjie , Wang Zhen , Zhou Tianqi , Wu Fanghui , Yin Yifeng , Xu Dan , Liu Yanli 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPelargonic acid vanillyl amide (PAVA), a stable synthetic analog of capsaicin, exhibits potential for therapeutic applications; however, it may present cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory risks. This study aims to investigate the injury effects of PAVA on a cocultured skin cell model in vitro.MethodsHuman keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts were co-cultured and exposed to PAVA at concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 200 µM for durations of 5, 24, and 48 h. Cell proliferation was quantified using MTS assays. Morphological changes were observed through microscopy, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated via fluorescence analysis, apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry and Western blotting techniques, while inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) were quantified by ELISA.ResultsThe proliferation of cells was significantly inhibited by PAVA in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with concentrations of 100 µM and above inducing substantiazl cytotoxicity. Morphological analysis revealed an increase in cell dispersion, irregular morphology, and apoptosis, particularly after prolonged exposure. Treatment with PAVA led to elevated levels of ROS, indicating the presence of oxidative stress. Apoptosis was initiated through both extrinsic pathways (NF-κB, Caspase-8) at an early stage and intrinsic pathways (Caspase-3/9, Bax) at a later period. Furthermore, PAVA markedly increased the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, suggesting a robust pro-inflammatory response.Conclusion100 μM PAVA elicits pronounced cytotoxic, oxidative, and pro-inflammatory effects on cocultured skin cell model, particularly at higher concentrations and prolonged exposure durations. These findings underscore the necessity of exercising caution when employing PAVA for therapeutic purposes and highlight the imperative for further research to mitigate its adverse consequences as a riot control agent.
Exploring the role of epigenetic regulation in cancer prognosis with epigenetic score
Authors: Zhang Ruiguang , Jin Shimin , Xu Qi , Dai Rongxiao 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe mechanisms of epigenetic regulation emerge as a fundamental determinant in the complex landscape of cancer initiation and advancement. However, the specific impact of epigenetic regulation on cancer progression remains unclear. To explore the relationship between epigenetic regulation and cancer progression, we utilized transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets to investigate the association.MethodsWe obtained transcriptomic data of epigenetic gene dataset from the TCGA database and calculated an epigenetic score using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox model. Additionally, we created a nomogram that integrates the epigenetic score and clinical features, providing a more comprehensive tool for tumor patients prognosis assessment.ResultsWe calculated the epigenetic score based on the expression levels of epigenetic-related genes. The nomogram we developed incorporates the epigenetic score and clinical characteristics. The epigenetic score was positively correlated with the expression of genes related to hallmarkers of cancer, including glycolysis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle, DNA repair, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response. Furthermore, we performed gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis to explore the signaling pathways and biological processes in high epigenetic score group.ConclusionThe epigenetic scoring system developed in this investigation represents an innovative approach that demonstrates remarkable potential in forecasting survival trajectories across diverse cancer types. These groundbreaking insights not only illuminate the intricate interactions between epigenetic mechanisms and gene expression regulation in oncological contexts, but also indicate that the derived epigenetic metric could potentially emerge as a significant prognostic biomarker for cancer outcomes.
AoMYB114 transcription factor regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in the epidermis of tender asparagus stems
Authors: Li Yanwen , Li Mengyao , Guo Zheng , Liu Junting , Chen Peiran , Lu Wei , Jiang Chengyao , Xiao Jiachang , Lei Fengyun , Zheng Yangxia 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAsparagus is a valuable vegetable, and its edible part is a tender stem. The color of the tender stem epidermis is an important trait. In particular, purple asparagus is rich in anthocyanins. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation in purple asparagus remains unclear.MethodsThe white variety ‘Jinguan’ (JG), the green variety ‘Fengdao 2’ (FD), and the purple variety ‘Jingzilu 2’ (JZ) were compared using physiological and transcriptomic analysis. High-performance liquid chromatography and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were employed to detect anthocyanins and validate gene expression.ResultsCyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside were detected as the main anthocyanins in JZ. Transcriptome data demonstrated that 4,694 and 9,427 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the JZ versus FD and JZ versus JG control groups, respectively. These DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways associated with anthocyanin accumulation, including phenylalanine metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis. A total of 29 structural genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified. The expression of these structural genes was higher in JZ than in FD and JG, thereby activating the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Additionally, a candidate gene, AoMYB114, was identified based on transcriptomic data. The expression of AoMYB114 was associated with anthocyanin accumulation in different tissues. Further research found that overexpression of AoMYB114 activated the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. It promoted leaf pigment accumulation in transgenic Arabidopsis.DiscussionThese findings demonstrate that AoMYB114 positively regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism underlying purple coloration in asparagus. It provides important insights for improving asparagus quality and for breeding high-anthocyanin varieties.
Adolescent campus bullying and non-suicide self-injury: chain mediating effect of negative affect and sleep quality
Authors: Anan Li , Yaoyao Li , Kunhang Xie , Yong Yuan , Xiaoyan Wang , Lina Li , Shaobo Lv 
Published: February 2025

AimThis study aimed to explore the chain mediating role of negative affect and sleep quality between campus bullying and non - suicidal self - injury (NSSI) among adolescents.Methods569 adolescents were selected through convenience sampling. Participants completed the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Adolescent Non - suicidal Self - injury Assessment Questionnaire.ResultsOur result showed significant positive correlations among campus bullying, negative affect, sleep quality and NSSI. Negative affect and sleep quality were identified as independent and sequential mediators in the relationship between campus bullying and NSSI.ConclusionThese findings elucidate the mechanisms linking campus bullying to NSSI, providing a preliminary basis for exploring the causal relationships among these variables. this study offers theoretical support for future research and inform the development of targeted interventions to reduce NSSI and improve the overall mental health of adolescents in China.
Body mass index is associated with the antidepressant effects of intravenous ketamine in patients with depression
Authors: Tan Jian-Qiang , Gu Li-Mei , Zhou Yan-Ling , Wang Cheng-Yu , Lan Xiao-Feng , Zheng Wei , Ning Yu-Ping 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the correlation between baseline body mass index (BMI) and the antidepressant properties of intravenous ketamine in patients with depression.MethodsWe divided 135 patients diagnosed with either major depressive disorder (n=103) or bipolar depression (n=32) into lower and higher BMI groups based on their baseline BMI. Patients with a lower BMI (BMI&lt;24 kg/m²; n=92) were included in the lower BMI group, and those with a higher BMI (BMI≥24 kg/m²; n=43) were assigned to the higher BMI group. Each participant received six ketamine infusions. Antidepressant remission was determined using a Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS; total score of ≤10) within 24 hours after the sixth ketamine infusion on day 13. Antidepressant response was characterized by a ≥50% alleviation in the symptoms of depression at the same time point. Changes in symptoms of depression over time were assessed using a linear mixed model.ResultsThe antidepressant response rate in the higher BMI group (67.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.5%–81.4%) was higher than that in the lower BMI group (51.1%, 95% CI: 41.3%–60.9%). In addition, the remission rate was higher in the higher BMI group (39.5%, 95% CI: 25.6%–55.8%) than in the lower BMI group (31.5%, 95% CI: 21.7%–41.3%). However, these differences were not significant (all P&gt;0.05). The linear mixed models with covariates indicated a significant group-by-time interaction in the MADRS scores (F13, 1729=3.0, P&lt;0.001). A significant correlation was found between baseline BMI level and the change in depressive symptoms on days 13 and 26 (all P&lt;0.05). However, these correlations were not significant after Bonferroni correction or controlling for baseline depressive symptoms (all P&gt;0.05).ConclusionOur exploratory, post-hoc analysis of an open-label, single-arm study suggests that patients with depression and a higher baseline BMI may experience greater reductions in depressive symptoms compared with those with a lower baseline BMI after receiving six ketamine infusions.
Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Ding Zheng , Jiang Xingyi , Wang Hongjuan , Luo Yanbo , Chen Huan , Pang Yongqiang , Hou Hongwei , Hu Qingyuan 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study investigates the reinforcing effects and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitory properties of heated tobacco products (HTPs), comparing them to nicotine alone. It also examines brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibition to provide a deeper understanding of the role of non-nicotine constituents in HTP use.MethodsA rat self-administration model was used to evaluate the reinforcement patterns of HTP-T (tobacco flavor), HTP-M (menthol flavor), and nicotine under fixed-ratio schedules. In vitro assays were performed to measure the MAO-A inhibitory effects of nicotine, HTP-T, and HTP-M. Additionally, chemical composition analyses of HTP-T and HTP-M aerosols were conducted and compared to identify potential MAO inhibitors. Finally, in vitro assessments of MAO-A inhibition were performed across various HTP brands to determine whether significant differences in MAO-A inhibition exist among different HTP products.ResultsHTP-T showed self-administration patterns comparable to nicotine, while HTP-M demonstrated significantly higher reinforcement. In vitro analyses revealed that both HTP-T and HTP-M exhibited MAO-A inhibition at high nicotine-equivalent concentrations (&gt;10−2–10−1 mM), with HTP-M showing stronger inhibition. In contrast, Nicotine alone showed no MAO-A inhibition. Brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibitory effects were also observed, potentially driven by variations in aerosol composition.ConclusionsHTP-M's enhanced reinforcement could be attributed to its higher MAO-A inhibition and menthol's synergistic effects on nicotine. Brand-specific variations in MAO inhibition highlight the impact of non-nicotine constituents on HTP use. While this study provides valuable insights into HTPs, its reliance on animal models and in vitro assays highlights the necessity for human studies conducted under real-world conditions.
Exploring the impact of internet use on cognitive abilities in the older adults: evidence from the CHARLS 2020 database
Authors: Jiao Haojin , Guo Zehui , Sun Jiafan , Wang Ke , Yang Jingqi 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe rapid aging of the global population has increased the prevalence of cognitive impairments, presenting significant challenges for healthcare systems. This study examines the potential protective role of internet use against cognitive decline among older adults in China.MethodsUtilizing the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2020) data, this research analyzed a sample of 7,142 Chinese adults aged 60 and above. The study employed correlation analysis and hierarchical regression to explore the relationship between various dimensions of internet use and cognitive function.ResultsResults indicate a significant positive correlation between internet use and cognitive performance, suggesting that digital engagement may serve as a protective factor against cognitive decline. Additionally, the study reveals that socio-demographic factors such as age, education level, and urban or rural residency modulate this relationship.DiscussionThe findings underscore the importance of digital inclusivity for enhancing cognitive health among older adults. This study discusses the implications of increasing internet accessibility and provides recommendations for public policy to foster a digitally inclusive society that supports the cognitive health of the aging population.
Nutritional status and associated socioeconomic factors among low-income Saudi females
Authors: Alrougui Khulud , Alshammari Ghedeir M. , Alrwis Khalid N. , Alabdulkarem Kholoud B. , Yahya Mohammed Abdo 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionObesity is most common among people with low incomes in high-income countries, although being overweight affects all socioeconomic categories. This study evaluated the nutritional and health status and their associated variables in low-income Saudi females.MethodsA structured questionnaire was used to collect participants’ (153 women) sociodemographic profiles and other health data (hypertension, diabetes, thyroid, and anemia status). Nutrient intake, anthropometric indices, minimal dietary diversity scores (MDDS), and lipid profiles were also measured. Chi-squared and Student-t tests were used to detect significant variation among groups, and Spearman correlation was used to determine factors affecting the nutritional status of women.Results and discussionAs their sociodemographic profiles varied greatly, some participants’ nutrient intake was significantly lower (p ≤ 0.01) than their dietary recommended intake (DRI). However, the anthropometric indices differed significantly between the women with high and low MDDS (p ≤ 0.01). The rate of females with obesity outperformed the other groups regarding MDDS, followed by those who are overweight. Furthermore, a significant (p ≤ 0.001) variation in lipid profile was observed between subjects. Despite the majority of participants having normal cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels, their HDL-C levels were either at high risk or borderline risk. The majority of the participants showed no signs of anemia, hypertension, diabetes, or thyroid issues. Interestingly, whereas education level was negatively and significantly at (p ≤ 0.05 or p ≤ 0.001) linked with some anthropometric indices, the factors age, family size, source of income, social welfare benefits, and marital status were positively and significantly associated with some of these variables. According to this study, low-income Saudi females face several challenges in adopting a nutritional and healthy lifestyle, as indicated by the parameters evaluated.
Discovery of MK8383s with Antifungal Activity from Mangrove Endophytic Fungi Medicopsis sp. SCSIO 40440 Against Fusarium Wilt of Banana
Authors: Zhou Tianyu , Qiao Yulei , Wang Lu , Li Zifeng , Zhang Haibo , Zhang Liping , Liao Shengrong , Li Minhui , Zhang Changsheng , Zhang Wenjun 
Published: February 2025

Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) tropical race 4 (TR4), poses a severe threat to the global banana industry. The screening of endophytic fungi from the mangrove plant led to the identification of Medicopsis sp. SCSIO 40440, which exhibited potent antifungal activity against Fusarium. The further fraction of the extract yielded ten compounds, including MK8383 (1) and nine new analogues, MK8383s B-J (2–10). The structures of 1–10 were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In vitro antifungal assays revealed that 1 showed strongly antifungal activities against Foc TR4, with an EC50 of 0.28 μg/mL, surpassing nystatin and hygromycin B (32 and 16 μg/mL, respectively). Pot experiments showed that 1 or spores of SCSIO 40440 could significantly reduce the virulence of Foc TR4 on Cavendish banana.
Renal infarction Incidence, Risk Factors and Risk of Mortality and Kidney Replacement Therapy
Authors: Cheikh Hassan Hicham I. , Murali Karumathil M. , Lambert Kelly , Bahous Sola A. , Kalab Siba , Kilani Hala , Mullan Judy 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Renal infarction is a rare medical condition, with most studies focusing on prevalence and risk factors. Very few studies examined long term outcomes, and to our knowledge there are no studies comparing patients with renal infarction to a control group for long term outcomes such as mortality or kidney replacement therapy (KRT). We used a hospital population database to examine incidence, prevalence and risk factors for renal infarction and long-term outcomes such as mortality and KRT, comparing patients with renal infarction to the general population and to a matched cohort.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study of adult patients from an Australian Local Health (2008- 2017). We examined the incidence and prevalence of renal infarction along with risk factors associated with a renal infarction. We compared patients with a renal infarction to the general population and a 1:5 matched cohort to examine risk of mortality and KRT. Logistic regression was used to examine risk factors for renal infraction with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), and Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine hazard ratio (HR).

Results:
Of the 140,099 patients included a renal infarction occurred in 119 (0.1%) with a crude incidence of 1.9 per 10,000 patient years (95%CI 1.6- 2.2). Factors associated with the risk of a renal infarction were age (OR 1.17 by decade, 95%CI 1.06- 1.30), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.54- 4.28), valvular heart disease (OR 2.88, 95%CI 1.26- 6.57) and peripheral vascular disease (OR 7.69, 95%CI 4.54- 13.4). During follow-up there was no increased risk of mortality after adjusting for age and comorbidities (HR 1.19, 95%CI 0.89- 1.61). However, the risk of KRT was significantly elevated even after adjusted for confounder (HR 8.4, 95%CI 3.6- 19.7). These results remained valid in the matched analysis.

Conclusions:
Renal infarction is an uncommon event. The risk of mortality is not significantly increased when compared to the general population after adjusting for confounders. However, the risk of KRT remains significantly increased.