bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in inferior vena cava area represent a more sensitive metric than changes in filling pressures during experimental manipulation of intravascular volume and tone
Authors: Ivey‐Miranda Juan B. , Wetterling Friedrich , Gaul Robert , Sheridan Stephen , Asher Jennifer L. , Rao Veena S. , Maulion Christopher , Mahoney Devin , Mebazaa Alexandre , Gray Alastair P. , Burkhoff Daniel , Cowie Martin R. , Cox Zachary L. , Butler Javed , Fudim Marat , McDonald Kenneth , Damman Kevin , Borlaug Barry A. , Testani Jeffrey M. 
Published: November 2021

AimsRemote monitoring of pulmonary artery pressure has reduced heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in chronic HF as elevation of pulmonary artery pressure provides information that can guide treatment. The venous system is characterized by high capacitance, thus substantial increases in intravascular volume can occur before filling pressures increase. The inferior vena cava (IVC) is a highly compliant venous conduit and thus a candidate for early detection of change in intravascular volume. We aimed to compare IVC cross‐sectional area using a novel sensor with cardiac filling pressures during experimental manipulation of volume status, vascular tone, and cardiac function.Methods and resultsExperiments were conducted in sheep to manipulate volume status (colloid infusion), vascular tone (nitroglycerin infusion) and cardiac function (rapid cardiac pacing). A wireless implantable IVC sensor was validated ex‐vivo and in‐vivo, and then used to measure the cross‐sectional area of the IVC. Right‐ and left‐sided cardiac filling pressures were obtained via right heart catheterization. The IVC sensor provided highly accurate and precise measurements of cross‐sectional area in ex‐vivo and in‐vivo validation. IVC area changes were more sensitive than the corresponding changes in cardiac filling pressures during colloid infusion (p < 0.001), vasodilatation (p < 0.001) and cardiac dysfunction induced by rapid pacing (p ≤ 0.02).ConclusionsInferior vena cava area can be remotely and accurately measured in real time with a wireless implantable sensor. Changes in IVC area are more sensitive than corresponding changes in filling pressures following experimental volume loading and fluid redistribution. Additional research is warranted to understand if remote monitoring of the IVC may have advantages over pressure‐based monitors in HF.
COVID‐19‐specific metabolic imprint yields insights into multiorgan system perturbations
Authors: Cornillet Martin , Strunz Benedikt , Rooyackers Olav , Ponzetta Andrea , Chen Puran , Muvva Jagadeeswara Rao , Akber Mira , Buggert Marcus , Chambers Benedict J. , Dzidic Majda , Filipovic Iva , Gorin Jean‐Baptiste , Gredmark‐Russ Sara , Hertwig Laura , Klingström Jonas , Kokkinou Efthymia , Kvedaraite Egle , Lourda Magda , Mjösberg Jenny , Maucourant Christopher , Norrby‐Teglund Anna , Parrot Tiphaine , Perez‐Potti André , Rivera‐Ballesteros Olga , Sandberg Johan K. , Sandberg John Tyler , Sekine Takuya , Svensson Mattias , Varnaite Renata ,   Karolinska KI/K COVID‐19 Study Group, Eriksson Lars I. , Aleman Soo , Strålin Kristoffer , Ljunggren Hans‐Gustaf , Björkström Niklas K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCorona disease 2019 (COVID‐19) affects multiple organ systems. Recent studies have indicated perturbations in the circulating metabolome linked to COVID‐19 severity. However, several questions pertain with respect to the metabolome in COVID‐19. We performed an in‐depth assessment of 1129 unique metabolites in 27 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients and integrated results with large‐scale proteomic and immunology data to capture multiorgan system perturbations. More than half of the detected metabolic alterations in COVID‐19 were driven by patient‐specific confounding factors ranging from comorbidities to xenobiotic substances. Systematically adjusting for this, a COVID‐19‐specific metabolic imprint was defined which, over time, underwent a switch in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 seroconversion. Integration of the COVID‐19 metabolome with clinical, cellular, molecular, and immunological severity scales further revealed a network of metabolic trajectories aligned with multiple pathways for immune activation, and organ damage including neurological inflammation and damage. Altogether, this resource refines our understanding of the multiorgan system perturbations in severe COVID‐19 patients.
Selecting futures: The role of conviction, narratives, ambivalence, and constructive doubt
Authors: Fenton‐O'Creevy Mark , Tuckett David 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInstitutional decisions about the future, that matter, are usually made in a context of considerable uncertainty. Although the intention is success the possibility of failure must inevitably be present, whether recognized or not. The principal purposes of this study are twofold. First, we argue that uncertainty contexts require that decisions to create the future are supported by a particular type of future oriented or foresight narrative which we call a conviction narrative. Its essential function is to combine available knowledge about how to achieve desired outcomes with the feeling that the selected action will achieve the aim. Second, we introduce two states, in which conviction may be achieved, divided, and integrated, to argue that research into how conviction is achieved by individuals or institutions making decisions, can be an extremely promising and practical avenue for foresight studies, throwing light on several issues, particularly the oft‐noted reluctance to change course and attachment to single stories of the future. The focus on the reality of uncertainty and the two states in which it can be met, can also enhance the research and practice of narrative foresight, through more systematic theorization of the role of emotion and ambivalence in narrative thought and in the processes through which future‐focused narratives generate action under uncertainty.
Statistical optimization of arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina CBS 754.68 in a solid‐state fermenter
Authors: Ghobadi Zahra , Hamidi‐Esfahani Zohreh , Azizi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: December 2021

AbstractArachidonic acid (ARA) is an omega‐6 fatty acid that plays a major role in human health. The present study optimizes the production of ARA by the soil fungus Mortierella alpina CBS 754.68 on oil cakes. In the first step, the best substrate was chosen from four oil cakes, namely soybean, sunflower, olive, and colza oil cakes, of which sunflower oil cake showed the highest yield. In the next step, screening tests were performed using the Plackett‐Burman design. Seven variables (substrate particle size, moisture content, time, temperature, yeast extract, glucose, and glutamate) were investigated (each taking values of +1 and −1). Among these variables, time, temperature, and substrate particle size significantly affected ARA production (p < .05), so they were further investigated in the optimization step. The optimal fermentation time, temperature, and substrate particle size calculated by response surface methodology were 8.75 days, 18.5°C, and 1.3 mm–1.7 mm, respectively. Under these conditions, M. alpina was predicted to produce 4.19 mg of ARA/g dry weight of substrate (DWS). The actual yield, determined in evaluation tests, was 4.48 ± 0.16 mg ARA/g DWS, which shows the accuracy of the model. In the final step, the effect of the aeration rate on producing ARA was investigated in a packed‐bed solid‐state fermenter under the determined optimal conditions. In this stage, the highest ARA yield was 10.13 ± 0.26 mg/g DWS, approximately double that of the optimization step, and this confirms that aeration increases ARA production by M. alpina.
Dusp6 immunohistochemistry is associated with the response of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer to conservative treatment
Authors: Travaglino Antonio , Raffone Antonio , Gencarelli Annarita , Micheli Mariacarolina , Franco Laura , Zullo Fulvio , Mollo Antonio , Di Spiezio Sardo Attilio , Bifulco Giuseppe , Insabato Luigi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveDual‐specificity phosphatase 6 (Dusp6) was proposed as a predictive marker of response of atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and early endometrial cancer (EEC) to conservative treatment. However, its predictive accuracy has never been calculated. We aimed to define it in conservatively treated AEH and EEC.MethodsAll patients <45 years with AEH or EEC and conservatively treated with hysteroscopic resection + LNG‐IUD insertion from 2007 to 2018 were retrospectively assessed. Dusp6 immunohistochemical expression was assessed and dichotomized as “strong” vs “weak”. Relative risk (RR) for “no regression” and “recurrence” or AEH/EEC was calculated. Predictive accuracy was calculated as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) and area under the curve (AUC) on receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsThirty‐six women were included. Weak Dusp6 immunohistochemical expression was significantly associated with increased risk of resistance to treatment, with a RR = 16 (P = 0.0074); predictive accuracy analysis showed sensitivity = 80%, specificity = 90%, PPV = 57.1%, NPV = 96.4%, AUC = 0.85. A weak Dusp6 expression was not significantly associated with the risk of recurrence after an initial regression (RR = 0.4; P = 0.53).ConclusionWeak Dusp6 expression appears as a significant predictor of resistance of AEH/EEC to fertility‐sparing treatment, with moderate predictive accuracy.Weak Dusp6 expression is significantly associated with resistance of atypical endometrial hyperplasia or early endometrial cancer to fertility‐sparing treatment, with moderate predictive accuracy.
Anxiety, resilience and local conditions: A cross‐cultural investigation in the time of Covid‐19
Authors: Moret‐Tatay Carmen , Murphy Mike 
Published: November 2021

The spread of Covid‐19 is a worldwide phenomenon, unprecedented in modern times. Differences among countries in such matters are of interest as they provide a unique window to understand human behaviour and culture. The aim of this study is to examine cross‐cultural differences in state anxiety, and any moderating role of resilience and social contact. Participants from three countries were recruited: Ireland (n = 449), Italy (n = 324) and Spain (n = 471). While these countries share many characteristics, it was anticipated that their experiences might differ because of pronounced differences in governmental measures and the local severity and history of the pandemic at the time of data collection. Results indicated that: (a) Resilience was negatively related to state anxiety both bivariately and multivariately; (b) number of hours outside per week did not predict state anxiety but was negatively correlated with fear of contagious diseases in the essential workers from the Irish sample; (c) national measures had a moderating role in the relationship between resilience and state anxiety; and (d) social contact, in terms of numbers of written, audio or visual interactions, was not a statistically significant predictor of state anxiety. These results may help to understand the adverse impact on mental health.
Stimulatory responses in α‐ and β‐cells by near‐infrared (810 nm) photobiomodulation
Authors: Liebman Caleb , Loya Sheccid , Lawrence Michael , Bashoo Naziruddin , Cho Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSignificant efforts have been committed to better understand and regulate insulin secretion as it has direct implications on diabetes. The first phase of biphasic insulin secretion in response to glucose lasts about 10 minutes, followed by a more sustained release persisting several hours. Attenuated insulin release in the first phase is typically associated with abnormal β‐cells. While near‐infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrates potential for multiple therapeutic applications, photostimulatory effects on α‐ and β‐cells remain to be further elucidated. Herein, we demonstrate that 810 nm PBM exposure at fluence of 9 J/cm2 can elevate the intracellular reactive oxygen species within 15 minutes following photostimulation. In addition, calcium spiking showed an approximately 3‐fold increase in both ATC1 (α‐cells) and BTC6 (β‐cells) and correlates with hormone secretion in response to PBM stimulation. Our findings could lay a foundation for the development of non‐biologic therapeutics that can augment islet transplantation.
Factors associated with time to clinical remission in pediatric luminal Crohn's disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sassine Samuel , Zekhnine Souhila , Qaddouri Marwa , Djani Lisa , Cambron‐Asselin Christine , Savoie‐Robichaud Mathieu , Lin Yi Fan , Grzywacz Kelly , Groleau Véronique , Dirks Martha , Drouin Éric , Halac Ugur , Marchand Valérie , Girard Chloé , Courbette Olivier , Patey Natalie , Dal Soglio Dorothée , Deslandres Colette , Jantchou Prévost 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimData on factors influencing time to remission in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) are very limited in the literature. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the trends of time to clinical remission over the past decade and to identify factors associated with time to clinical remission in children with luminal CD.MethodsPatients under 18 years old diagnosed between 2009 and 2019 were included. All data were collected from the patients' medical records. Survival analyses and linear regression models were used to assess the impact of clinical, laboratory, endoscopic, histological, and therapeutic factors on time to clinical remission.ResultsA total of 654 patients were included in the study. There was no change in the time to clinical remission over the decade. Female sex in adolescents (adjusted bêta regression coefficient [aβ] = 31.8 days, P = 0.02), upper digestive tract involvement (aβ = 46.4 days, P = 0.04) perianal disease (aβ = 32.2 days, P = 0.04), presence of active inflammation on biopsies at diagnosis (aβ = 46.7 days, P = 0.01) and oral 5‐aminosalicylates (5‐ASA) exposure (aβ = 56.6 days, P = 0.002) were associated with longer time to clinical remission. Antibiotic exposure (aβ = −29.3 days, P = 0.04), increased eosinophils (aβ = −29.6 days, P = 0.008) and combination of exclusive enteral nutrition with tumor‐necrosis‐factor‐alpha (TNF‐alpha) inhibitors as induction therapy (aβ = −36.8 days, P = 0.04) were associated with shorter time to clinical remission.ConclusionIn children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease, time to clinical remission did not shorten during the decade. It was associated with baseline clinical and histological data and treatment strategies. Combination of enteral nutrition and TNF‐alpha inhibitors was associated with faster clinical remission.
Social anomie induced by resource development projects: A case of a coal mining project
Authors: Cheng Jun , Zhang Ruilian , Liu Yuzhen , Wang Chen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study takes Xincun Village (to protect the privacy of the village, the name we are using is not the real name of the village) in the Golden Triangle of China's coal industry to conduct research focused on the frequent occurrence of anomic social actions by villagers after sudden wealth. Based on 160 days of structured and semistructured interviews, the results show that the anomic actions of suddenly wealthy groups mainly include self, other and socially oriented actions. The implication is that appropriate governance measures can weaken or prevent the occurrence of anomie and its devastating consequences.
Analysis of two laboratory tests for determination of EBV‐IM in children
Authors: Li Zhuo , Wang Xin , Jing Fahong , Zhou Jian , Han Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the application value of two laboratory tests in the diagnosis of Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated infectious mononucleosis (EBV‐IM) in children. From January 2018 to December 2020, 166 patients with EBV‐IM were included in this study. Two methods were used in the analysis. The results of both tests were compared and analyzed. The age of onset of EBV‐IM is mainly distributed in the range of 0–6 years, and no difference by gender is observed. The sensitivity and specificity of EBV testing by PCR were 49.4% and 89.8%, respectively, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.714 (0.662–0.762). When using the immunofluorescence method to detect EBV antibodies, the two indices with the highest diagnostic efficacy were low‐affinity EBV‐CA IgG and EBV‐CA IgM, and their AUC values were 0.798 (0.751–0.840) and 0.663 (0.609–0.713), respectively. When combining the two indices for testing, the AUC values of EBV‐CA IgM + low‐affinity EBV‐CA IgG, EBV‐DNA+EBV‐CA IgM, and EBV‐DNA+low‐affinity EBV‐CA IgG were 0.904 (0.867–0.933), 0.768 (0.719–0.812), and 0.963 (0.937–0.981), respectively. The diagnostic efficacy of the combined EBV‐DNA+EBV‐CA IgM + low‐affinity EBV‐CA IgG test was optimal compared with that of a single index or the combination of two indices, with an AUC of 0.999 (0.986–1.000; p < 0.05), sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 89.8%. The combined immunofluorescence and real‐time PCR methods have high sensitivity and specificity and good application value in the clinical diagnosis of EBV‐IM.
Silencing of SBF2‐AS1 inhibits cell growth and invasion by sponging microRNA‐338‐3p in serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Luan Ai‐Ai , Hou Ling‐Ling , Zhang Fang‐Yuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNA SET‐binding factor 2 (SBF2) antisense RNA 1 (AS1) is associated with the growth and metastasis of multiple cancer types, but its biological roles in serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) remain unclear. In this study, the aberrant upregulation of SBF2‐AS1 is detected in SOC after analysis of differentially expressed genes between SOC tissues and normal fallopian tubes from the public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We determine that knockdown of SBF2‐AS1 inhibits SOC cell proliferation and invasion by sponging miR‐338‐3p. MiR‐338‐3p acts as a tumor suppressor in SOC, and E26 transformation specific‐1 (ETS1) is identified as a potential target of miR‐338‐3p regulation. Furthermore, SBF2‐AS1 could modulate ETS1 by operating as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐338‐3p. This finding elucidates a new mechanism for SBF2‐AS1 in SOC development and provides a potential target for SOC therapeutic intervention.
Double‐Barrel Versus Single‐Barrel Fibula Flaps for Mandibular Reconstruction: Safety and Outcomes
Authors: Trilles Jorge , Chaya Bachar F. , Daar David A. , Anzai Lavinia , Boczar Daniel , Rodriguez Colon Ricardo , Hirsch David L. , Jacobson Adam S. , Levine Jamie P. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives/HypothesisFibula flaps are routinely used for osseous reconstruction of head and neck defects. However, single‐barrel fibula flaps may result in a height discrepancy between native mandible and grafted bone, limiting outcomes from both an aesthetic and dental standpoint. The double‐barrel fibula flap aims to resolve this. We present our institution's outcomes comparing both flap designs.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of all patients undergoing free fibula flap mandibular reconstruction at our institution between October 2008 and October 2020. Patients were grouped based on whether they underwent single‐barrel or double‐barrel reconstruction. Postoperative outcomes data were collected and compared between groups. Differences in categorical and continuous variables were assessed using a Chi‐square test or Student's t‐test, respectively.ResultsOut of 168 patients, 126 underwent single‐barrel and 42 underwent double‐barrel reconstruction. There was no significant difference in postoperative morbidity between approaches, including total complications (P = .37), flap‐related complications (P = .62), takeback to the operating room (P = .75), flap salvage (P = .66), flap failure (P = .45), and mortality (P = .19). In addition, there was no significant difference in operative time (P = .86) or duration of hospital stay (P = .17). After adjusting for confounders, primary dental implantation was significantly higher in the double‐barrel group (odds ratio, 3.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–7.6; P = .019).ConclusionDouble‐barrel fibula flap mandibular reconstruction can be performed safely without increased postoperative morbidity or duration of hospital stay relative to single‐barrel reconstruction. Moreover, the double‐barrel approach is associated with higher odds of primary dental implantation and may warrant further consideration as part of an expanded toolkit for achieving early dental rehabilitation.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1576–1581, 2022
Distribution of some potentially toxic elements in the soils of the Jharia Coalfield: A probabilistic approach for source identification and risk assessment
Authors: Siddiqui Azeem Uddin , Jain Manish Kumar , Masto Reginald Ebhin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPotentially toxic elements (PTEs) in coal mining soil degrade soil quality and adversely affect people's health. The increasing mining activities in the Jharia Coalfield (JCF) may increase the concentration of PTEs in soils. Therefore, it is vital to have an in‐depth analysis of land degradation caused by them, but there is a lack of accurate and efficient methods to estimate land degradation and health risk analysis in JCF. Therefore, finite mixture distribution model (FMDM), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and Monte Carlo simulation were applied to Jharia's PTEs dataset. The FMDM was employed to distinguish the background concentration and the contamination due to anthropogenic activity. In addition, the contribution of the source was determined through PMF. The FMDM suggested two possible sources of PTEs, while the PMF defines the influence of PTEs more broadly and identifies three sources of PTEs in soil. The results showed that PTEs contribution by a natural source, coal mining, and atmospheric deposition accounted for 45.72%, 27.34%, and 26.94%, respectively. Based on health risk results, this region does not pose a noncarcinogenic risk, but it does pose a carcinogenic risk, especially to infants. JCF comprises a relatively low concentration of PTEs as compared with other possible values for India. Probabilistic health risk assessment studies are scarce for Indian soils, especially in mining areas. In combination, these approaches will provide deeper insights and help identify potential solutions for PTEs contamination in these areas.