bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holographic entanglement entropy in general holographic superconductor models with logarithmic nonlinear electrodynamics
Authors: Yao Weiping , Yang Qiong , Liu Xiaobao , Jing Jiliang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe explore the behaviors of the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE) in holographic superconductor models with logarithmic nonlinear electrodynamics (LNE) both in AdS soliton and in AdS black hole backgrounds. We observe that the slope of the HEE at the phase transition point behaves discontinuously for different LNE parameters b and geometry parameters $$\ell $$
ℓ
, which may be a quite general feature for the second order phase transition. Moreover, at the critical point, the stronger nonlinearity of the LNE gives rise to the smaller HEE in metal/superconductor while leaves the HEE in insulator/superconductor model as is. Interestingly, the behavior of the HEE also implies a “confinement/deconfinement” phase transition in the insulator/superconductor model, and the critical width of the phase transition depends on the chemical potential and the strength of the LNE.
Probing roto-translational diffusion of small anisotropic colloidal particles with a bright-field microscope
Authors: Giavazzi Fabio , Pal Antara , Cerbino Roberto 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soft and biological materials are often composed of elementary constituents exhibiting an incessant roto-translational motion at the microscopic scale. Tracking this motion with a bright-field microscope becomes increasingly challenging when the particle size becomes smaller than the microscope resolution, a case which is frequently encountered. Here we demonstrate squared-gradient differential dynamic microscopy (SG-DDM) as a tool to successfully use bright-field microscopy to extract the roto-translational dynamics of small anisotropic colloidal particles, whose rotational motion cannot be tracked accurately in direct space. We provide analytical justification and experimental demonstration of the method by successful application to an aqueous suspension of peanut-shaped particles.

Graphic abstract
An inverse scattering theorem for (1 + 1)-dimensional semi-linear wave equations with null conditions
Authors: Li Mengni 
Published: April 2021

We are interested in the inverse scattering problem for semi-linear wave equations in one dimension. Assuming null conditions, we prove that small data lead to global existence of solutions to [Formula: see text]-dimensional semi-linear wave equations. This result allows us to construct the scattering fields and their corresponding weighted Sobolev spaces at the infinities. Finally, we prove that the scattering operator not only describes the scattering behavior of the solution but also uniquely determines the solution. The key ingredient of our proof is the same strategy proposed by Le Floch and LeFloch [On the global evolution of self-gravitating matter. Nonlinear interactions in Gowdy symmetry, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 233 (2019) 45–86] as well as Luli et al. [On one-dimension semi-linear wave equations with null conditions, Adv. Math. 329 (2018) 174–188] to make full use of the null structure and the weighted energy estimates.
The global existence issue for the compressible Euler system with Poisson or Helmholtz couplings
Authors: Blanc Xavier , Danchin Raphaël , Ducomet Bernard , Nečasová Šárka 
Published: April 2021

We consider the Cauchy problem for the barotropic Euler system coupled to Helmholtz or Poisson equations, in the whole space. We assume that the initial density is small enough, and that the initial velocity is close to some reference vector field [Formula: see text] such that the spectrum of [Formula: see text] is positive and bounded away from zero. We prove the existence of a global unique solution with (fractional) Sobolev regularity, and algebraic time decay estimates. Our work extends Grassin and Serre’s papers [Existence de solutions globales et régulières aux équations d’Euler pour un gaz parfait isentropique, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I 325 (1997) 721–726, 1997; Global smooth solutions to Euler equations for a perfect gas, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 47 (1998) 1397–1432; Solutions classiques globales des équations d’Euler pour un fluide parfait compressible, Ann. Inst. Fourier Grenoble 47 (1997) 139–159] dedicated to the compressible Euler system without coupling and with integer regularity exponents.
CD40 Agonist Targeted to Fibroblast Activation Protein α Synergizes with Radiotherapy in Murine HPV-Positive Head and Neck Tumors
Authors: Labiano Sara , Roh Vincent , Godfroid Céline , Hiou-Feige Agnès , Romero Jackeline , Sum Eva , Rapp Moritz , Boivin Gael , Wyss Tania , Simon Christian , Bourhis Jean , Umaña Pablo , Trumpfheller Christine , Tolstonog Genrich V. , Vozenin Marie-Catherine , Romero Pedro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
The incidence of human papillomavirus–associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+-HNSCC) is rising worldwide and although current therapeutic modalities are efficient in the majority of patients, there is a high rate of treatment failures. Thus, novel combination approaches are urgently needed to achieve better disease control in patients with HPV+-HNSCC. We investigated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of a novel fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted CD40 agonist (FAP-CD40) in combination with local hypofractionated radiation in a syngeneic HPV+-HNSCC model.

Experimental Design:
Using an established orthotopic model, we treated tumor-bearing mice with local hypofractionated radiotherapy (2 × 6 Gy) alone or in combination with a systemic administration of the FAP-CD40 antibody. Following up the mice, we evaluated the changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by immunofluorescence, FACS, and NanoString RNA analysis.

Results:
The suboptimal radiotherapy regimen chosen failed to control tumors in the treated mice. The FAP-CD40 administered in monotherapy transiently controlled tumor growth, whereas the combined therapy induced durable complete responses in more than 80% of the tumor-bearing mice. This notable efficacy relied on the radiotherapy-induced remodeling of the TME and activation of the CD8+ T-cell-cDC1 axis and was devoid of the systemic toxicity frequently associated with CD40-targeted therapy. Moreover, the robust immunologic memory developed effectively prevented tumor relapses, a common feature in patients with HNSCC.

Conclusions:
Our study provides proof of concept, as well as mechanistic insights of the therapeutic efficacy of a bispecific FAP-CD40 combined with local radiotherapy in a FAP+-HNSCC model increasing overall survival and inducing long-term antitumor immunity.
A new record of an endangered and endemic rare Rein Orchid Habenaria rariflora from Gujarat, India
Authors: Bhatt Mital R. 
Published: April 2021

Habenaria rariflora A.Rich., a species endemic to the southern and western parts of India, is reported for the first time from Gujarat State, western India. A detailed description and photographs are provided here for easy recognition in the field. Further, morphology, distribution, habitat, ecology, anatomy of leaf, rarity index, and conservation status of the species are provided.
Legumes of Kerala, India: a checklist
Authors: Balan Anoop P. , Predeep S.V. 
Published: April 2021

A checklist of the legumes of Kerala State is presented. This exhaustive checklist is an outcome of extensive field surveys, collection, identification and documentation of family Leguminosae carried out across Kerala State during the period 2006–2019. A total of 448 taxa were recorded under five subfamilies and 115 genera. The majority of the legumes are herbs and shrubs, the rest being trees and woody climbers. About 81 taxa are endemic to India, especially confined to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, out of which 17 are endemic to Kerala. The state is home to two Critically Endangered and six Endangered legumes, facing severe threat of extinction. Crotalaria is the dominant legume genus in the state with 62 taxa followed by Desmodium and Indigofera. About 57 genera are represented by single species each. Legumes are treated according to the latest phylogenetic classification of the Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). Updated nomenclature, habit, native countries, voucher specimens, and images of endemic and lesser known legumes found in the state are provided. Crotalaria multiflora var. kurisumalayana (Sibichen & Nampy) Krishnaraj & N. Mohanan is reduced as a synonym to C. multiflora (Arn.) Benth.
Ecological niche modelling predicts significant impacts of future climate change on two endemic rodents in eastern Africa
Authors: Srinivasulu Aditya , Assefa Alembrhan , Srinivasulu Chelmala 
Published: April 2021

The impact of climate change on rodents is well studied, however, many of these studies are restricted to the Americas. Small- to medium-sized rodents, especially murids, are restricted in their home range and microclimatic niche breadth, and are known to be more sensitive to changes in bioclimatic conditions over time. We analyzed the effect of future climatic scenarios in the near and distant future, using two global climate models (CanESM5 and MIROC-ES2L) for two shared socio-economic pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5), on two eastern Africa endemic small-bodied mice: Stenocephalemys albipes and Mastomys awashensis. Our results indicate that while S. albipes showed increases in area of climatic suitability in the future, M. awashensis is predicted to suffer severe decline in the area of its fundamental niche.
Conservation ecology of birds in Mt. Hilong-hilong, a Key Biodiversity Area on Mindanao Island, the Philippines
Authors: Gracia Jr. Arturo G. , Mohagan Alma B. , Burlat Janezel C. , Yu Jr. Welfredo L. , Mondalo Janine , Acma Florfe M. , Lumista Hannah P. , Calising Riah , Tanalgo Krizler Cejuela 
Published: April 2021

The identification of key areas for conservation and protection according to science-based evidence is an important component to circumvent the negative impacts of environmental changes within geopolitical territories and across the globe. Priority areas for biodiversity played an important role to ensure the protection of many species particularly those that are unique and threatened. There are more than 200 Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in the Philippines, yet many important research and biodiversity data are either unpublished or unconsolidated. Birds are commonly studied indicators for KBA identification due to their high species richness, diversity, and sensitivity to forest ecosystems. By combining data from past and present surveys, we accounted for a total of 148 bird species of 51 families, with 20 new records from recent field surveys. Our analysis showed a high level of endemism within Mt. Hilong-hilong with 36% Philippine endemic, 14% restricted to Mindanao faunal region and 11% migrant. In terms of conservation, 8% of the species were considered in threatened categories. The species richness and endemism were higher in lowland to mid-elevation areas compared to higher elevation areas of the KBA. Endemism (i.e., Mindanao endemic) and increasing body mass were important determinants of binary extinction risk for bird species in Mt. Hilong-hilong. The high biodiversity in Mt. Hilong-hilong indicates an example of the vital role of KBAs in preserving nationally and globally important bird species. Lastly, we emphasise the importance of collaboration and integrating past and present information to synthesise relevant information to complement ongoing conservation efforts in Mt. Hilong-hilong and other key habitats in the Philippines.
Using KDP Cores as a Downburst Precursor Signature
Authors: Kuster Charles M. , Bowers Barry R. , Carlin Jacob T. , Schuur Terry J. , Brogden Jeff W. , Toomey Robert , Dean Andy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDecades of research have investigated processes that contribute to downburst development, as well as identified precursor radar signatures that can accompany these events. These advancements have increased downburst predictability, but downbursts still pose a significant forecast challenge, especially in low-shear environments that produce short-lived single and multicell thunderstorms. Additional information provided by dual-polarization radar data may prove useful in anticipating downburst development. One such radar signature is the KDP core (where KDP is the specific differential phase), which can indicate processes such as melting and precipitation loading that increase negative buoyancy and can result in downburst development. Therefore, KDP cores associated with 81 different downbursts across 10 states are examined to explore if this signature could provide forecasters with a reliable and useable downburst precursor signature. The KDP core characteristics near the environmental melting layer, vertical gradients of KDP, and environmental conditions were quantified to identify any differences between downbursts of varying intensities. The analysis shows that 1) KDP cores near the environmental melting layer are a reliable signal that a downburst will develop; 2) while using KDP cores to anticipate an impending downburst’s intensity is challenging, larger KDP near the melting layer and larger vertical gradients of KDP are more commonly associated with strong downbursts than weak ones; 3) downbursts occurring in environments with less favorable conditions for downbursts are associated with higher magnitude KDP cores, and 4) KDP cores evolve relatively slowly (typically longer than 15 min), which makes them easily observable with the 5-min volumetric updates currently provided by operational radars.
Exploratory Study of Advance Care Discussions Among Chinese American and White Stage IV Cancer Patients at an American Tertiary Medical Center
Authors: Glover Avery Caz , Schroeder Courtney , Ernst Emma , Vesel Tamara 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Timely advance care discussions are essential components of quality care for diverse populations; however, little is known about these conversations among Chinese American cancer patients. This exploratory study describes differences in advance care discussions and planning between Chinese American and White advanced cancer patients. Methods: We collected data for 63 Chinese American and 63 White stage IV cancer patients who died between 2013 and 2018. We compared: frequency and timing of prognosis, goals of care (GOC), and end-of-life care (EOLC) discussions in the final year of life; family inclusion in discussions; healthcare proxy (HCP) identification; do not resuscitate (DNR) order, do not intubate (DNI) order, and other advance directive (AD) completion. We did not conduct statistical tests due to the study’s exploratory nature. Results: Among Chinese American and White patients, respectively, 76% and 71% had prognosis, 51% and 56% had GOC, and 89% and 84% had EOLC discussions. Prognosis, GOC, and EOLC discussions were held a median of 34.0, 15.5, and 34.0 days before death among Chinese American and 17.0, 13.0, and 24.0 days before death among White patients. Documentation rates among Chinese American and White patients were 79% and 76% for DNRs, 81% and 71% for DNIs, 79% and 81% for HCPs, and 52% and 40% for other ADs. Conclusions: Findings suggest that Chinese Americans had similar rates of advance care discussions, completed conversations earlier, and had similar to higher rates of AD documentation compared to White patients. Further studies are needed to confirm our preliminary findings.
Early treatment delays long-term disability accrual in RRMS: Results from the BMSD network
Authors: Iaffaldano Pietro , Lucisano Giuseppe , Butzkueven Helmut , Hillert Jan , Hyde Robert , Koch-Henriksen Nils , Magyari Melinda , Pellegrini Fabio , Spelman Tim , Sørensen Per Soelberg , Vukusic Sandra , Trojano Maria 
Published: April 2021

Background: The optimal timing of treatment starts for achieving the best control on the long-term disability accumulation in multiple sclerosis (MS) is still to be defined. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the optimal time to start disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) to prevent the long-term disability accumulation in MS, using a pooled dataset from the Big Multiple Sclerosis Data (BMSD) network. Methods: Multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for the time to first treatment start from disease onset (in quintiles) were used. To mitigate the impact of potential biases, a set of pairwise propensity score (PS)-matched analyses were performed. The first quintile, including patients treated within 1.2 years from onset, was used as reference. Results: A cohort of 11,871 patients (median follow-up after treatment start: 13.2 years) was analyzed. A 3- and 12-month confirmed disability worsening event and irreversible Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4.0 and 6.0 scores were reached by 7062 (59.5%), 4138 (34.9%), 3209 (31.1%), and 1909 (16.5%) patients, respectively. The risk of reaching all the disability outcomes was significantly lower ( p < 0.0004) for the first quintile patients’ group. Conclusion: Real-world data from the BMSD demonstrate that DMTs should be commenced within 1.2 years from the disease onset to reduce the risk of disability accumulation over the long term.
A qualitative exploration of stigma experience and inclusion among adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability in an Indonesian context
Authors: Handoyo Restu , Ali Afia , Scior Katrina , Hassiotis Angela 
Published: April 2021

Background: People with intellectual disability are among the most stigmatised groups in society. There is a paucity of studies reporting on how stigma is experienced in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to explore the experience of stigma among adults with mild/moderate intellectual disability and the extent of their inclusion in Indonesian society. Method: Fifteen adults with mild/moderate intellectual disability were purposively recruited from three service providers and were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings suggest that adults with intellectual disability experience stigma in multiple settings (family, school, community), have limited access to social activities, and internalised the experienced stigma. Conclusion: This study adds to the international understanding of stigma experienced by adults with mild/moderate intellectual disability in daily life and their inclusion in society in a middle-income country.
Trends in Meniscal Allograft Transplant in the Republic of Korea, 2010-2018: An Analysis Based on the Korean National Health Insurance Claims Database
Authors: Park Jun-Gu , Bin Seong-Il , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Bum-Sik , Lee Sang-Min 
Published: April 2021

Background: Analyzing the current trends in meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) is important. However, no recent descriptive epidemiological study based on a national registry database has been reported. Purpose: To assess serial trends in the incidence of MAT in the Republic of Korea between 2010 and 2018, stratified by age and sex. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: The number of MAT procedures between 2010 and 2018 was assessed using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database. We used code N0825 for isolated MAT and code N0820 for MAT combined with other procedures, such as ligament reconstruction, realignment surgery, and cartilage procedures. The incidence of MAT was calculated using the general population data of the Republic of Korea, and Poisson log-linear regression analysis was used to assess statistical serial trends. Results: A total of 369 patients underwent MAT in 2010 and 774 in 2018, with an increase of 47.6%. The incidence of MAT per 100,000 person-years in the Republic of Korea increased significantly during the period studied, from 0.75 in 2010 to 1.50 in 2018 (annual relative risk = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08-1.10; P < .001), whereas the rate of MAT combined with other procedures increased from 5.1% in 2014 to 16.0% in 2018. MAT was mostly performed in men in their early 20s. Most MAT procedures were performed in the summer and winter, with distinct seasonal variances. Conclusion: In the Republic of Korea, the incidence of MAT in 2018 was 1.50 per 100,000 person-years, with an average annual increase of 10% since 2010. MAT was mostly performed in men in their early 20s, and the rate of MAT combined with other procedures has increased since 2014.
O-GlcNAcylation protein disruption by Thiamet G promotes changes on the GBM U87-MG cells secretome molecular signature
Authors: Oliveira-Nunes Maria Cecilia , Julião Glaucia , Menezes Aline , Mariath Fernanda , Hanover John A. , Evaristo Joseph Albert Medeiros , Nogueira Fábio César Sousa , Dias Wagner Barbosa , de Abreu Pereira Denise , Carneiro Katia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a grade IV glioma highly aggressive and refractory to the therapeutic approaches currently in use. O-GlcNAcylation plays a key role for tumor aggressiveness and progression in different types of cancer; however, experimental evidence of its involvement in GBM are still lacking. Here, we show that O-GlcNAcylation plays a critical role in maintaining the composition of the GBM secretome, whereas inhibition of OGA activity disrupts the intercellular signaling via microvesicles. Using a label-free quantitative proteomics methodology, we identified 51 proteins in the GBM secretome whose abundance was significantly altered by activity inhibition of O-GlcNAcase (iOGA). Among these proteins, we observed that proteins related to proteasome activity and to regulation of immune response in the tumor microenvironment were consistently downregulated in GBM cells upon iOGA. While the proteins IGFBP3, IL-6 and HSPA5 were downregulated in GBM iOGA cells, the protein SQSTM1/p62 was exclusively found in GBM cells under iOGA. These findings were in line with literature evidence on the role of p62/IL-6 signaling axis in suppressing tumor aggressiveness and our experimental evidence showing a decrease in radioresistance potential of these cells. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that OGA activity may regulate the p62 and IL-6 abundance in the GBM secretome. We propose that the assessment of tumor status from the main proteins present in its secretome may contribute to the advancement of diagnostic, prognostic and even therapeutic tools to approach this relevant malignancy.