bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes for Australian children with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated with blinatumomab
Authors: Sutton Rosemary , Pozza Luciano Dalla , Khaw Seong Lin , Fraser Chris , Revesz Tom , Chamberlain Janis , Mitchell Richard , Trahair Toby N. , Bateman Caroline M. , Venn Nicola C. , Law Tamara , Ong Erika , Heatley Susan L. , McClure Barbara J. , Meyer Claus , Marschalek Rolf , Henderson Michelle J. , Cross Siobhan , White Deborah L. , Kotecha Rishi S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe report on the Australian experience of blinatumomab for treatment of 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B‐ALL) and high‐risk genetics, resulting in a minimal residual disease (MRD) response rate of 58%, 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) of 39% and 2‐year overall survival of 63%. In total, 83% (n = 20/24) proceeded to haematopoietic stem cell transplant, directly after blinatumomab (n = 12) or following additional salvage therapy (n = 8). Four patients successfully received CD19‐directed chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy despite prior blinatumomab exposure. Inferior 2‐year PFS was associated with MRD positivity (20%, n = 15) and in KMT2A‐rearranged infants (15%, n = 9). Our findings highlight that not all children with relapsed/refractory B‐ALL respond to blinatumomab and factors such as blast genotype may affect prognosis.
An update on the future prospects of glycerol polymers
Authors: Goyal Shailja , Hernández Nacú B , Cochran Eric W 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGlycerol, a water‐soluble polyol, is currently used in a wide variety of markets, e.g. as a sweetener in drinks, as an additive in the food and cosmetics industry, or as an antifreeze agent, to name a few. The blooming biodiesel production has created an excess supply of glycerol by‐product. Researchers all around the world are actively exploring strategies to utilize this cheap and abundantly available biobased molecule. To date, glycerol‐based polymers have only been examined extensively for use in biomedical applications; however, the use of biobased crude glycerol is not viable for such applications due to the presence of impurities such as methanol and residual fatty acids from the biodiesel production process. However, the increased volumes of glycerol generated from biodiesel production have stimulated the research on its use in various other industrial applications such as the production of commodity chemicals, polymers etc. In this article, we summarize some of the efforts to valorize glycerol for polymeric applications such as polyurethanes, polyhydroxyalkanoates and adhesives. © 2021 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Transglutaminase‐2, RNA‐binding proteins and mitochondrial proteins selectively traffic to MDCK cell‐derived microvesicles following H‐Ras‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Shafiq Adnan , Suwakulsiri Wittaya , Rai Alin , Chen Maoshan , Greening David W. , Zhu Hong‐Jian , Xu Rong , Simpson Richard J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes an evolutionary conserved morphogenic process defined by loss of epithelial characteristics and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype, and altered patterns of intercellular communication, leading to functional changes in cell migration and invasion. In this regard, we have previously reported that oncogenic H‐Ras induced EMT in Madin‐Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells (21D1 cells) trigger changes in the protein distribution pattern in cells, exosomes, and soluble protein factors (secretome) which modulate the tumor microenvironment. Here, we report that shed microvesicles (also termed microparticles/ectosomes) secreted from MDCK cells following oncogenic H‐Ras‐induced EMT (21D1‐sMVs) are biochemically distinct from exosomes and parental MDCK‐sMVs. The protein spectra of RNA‐binding proteins and mitochondrial proteins in 21D1‐sMVs differ profoundly compared to those of exosomes, likewise proteins associated with suppression of anoikis. We show that 21D1‐sMVs promote cell migration, confer anchorage‐independent growth, and induce EMT in parental MDCK cells. An unexpected and novel finding was the selective sorting of tissue transglutaminase‐2 (TGM2) into 21D1‐sMVs; there was no evidence of TGM2 in MDCK‐sMVs. Prior treatment of 21D1‐sMVs with neutralizing anti‐TGM2 or anti‐FN1 antibodies attenuates the invasive capability of fibroblasts. These finding suggest that microvesicle‐associated TGM2 may play an important contributory role in the EMT process and warrants further investigation.
A mechanistic understanding of prebaiting to improve interaction with wildlife management devices
Authors: Bytheway Jenna P , Johnstone Kyla C , Price Catherine J , Banks Peter B 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrebaiting is a technique involving early deployment of ‘unarmed’ devices (e.g. baits and traps) to increase efficacy of wildlife management. Although commonly used, the mechanisms by which prebaiting works are poorly understood. We propose three mechanisms by which prebaiting may increase device interaction probabilities; (1) overcoming neophobia towards novel devices, (2) a ‘trickle in’ effect increasing time for animals to encounter devices; and (3) social information transfer about rewards associated with devices. We conducted a survey of 100 articles to understand how prebaiting has been used. We then tested our proposed prebaiting mechanisms using a global pest (black rats, Rattus rattus) examining how uniquely marked free‐living rats responded to a common yet novel monitoring technique (tracking tunnels).RESULTSNo studies in our dataset tested how prebaiting functioned. Most studies (61%) did not propose a mechanism for prebaiting, but overcoming neophobia was most commonly mentioned. We only found partial support for the overcoming neophobia hypothesis in our field test. We found the dominant mechanism operating in our system to be the ‘trickle in’ effect with the proportion of individuals visiting the device increasing over time. We found no support for social information transfer as a mechanism of prebaiting.CONCLUSIONApplying a mechanistic understanding of how prebaiting functions will improve the efficacy of management devices. Our results suggest that prebaiting allows time for more rats to encounter a device, hence surveys in our system would benefit from long prebaiting periods. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Approaching optimality in blow-up results for Keller–Segel systems with logistic-type dampening
Authors: Fuest Mario 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNonnegative solutions of the Neumann initial-boundary value problem for the chemotaxis system in smooth bounded domains$$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^n$$Ω⊂Rn,$$n \ge 1$$n≥1, are known to be global in time if$$\lambda \ge 0$$λ≥0,$$\mu > 0$$μ>0and$$\kappa > 2$$κ>2. In the present work, we show that the exponent$$\kappa = 2$$κ=2is actually critical in the four- and higher dimensional setting. More precisely, if$$\begin{aligned} \qquad n&\ge 4,&\quad \kappa \in (1, 2) \quad&\text {and} \quad \mu > 0 \\ \text {or}\qquad n&\ge 5,&\quad \kappa = 2 \quad&\text {and} \quad \mu \in \left( 0, \frac{n-4}{n}\right) , \end{aligned}$$n≥4,κ∈(1,2)andμ>0orn≥5,κ=2andμ∈0,n-4n,for balls$$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^n$$Ω⊂Rnand parameters$$\lambda \ge 0$$λ≥0,$$m_0 > 0$$m0>0, we construct a nonnegative initial datum$$u_0 \in C^0({{\overline{\Omega }}})$$u0∈C0(Ω¯)with$$\int \nolimits _\Omega u_0 = m_0$$∫Ωu0=m0for which the corresponding solution (u, v) of ($$\star $$⋆) blows up in finite time. Moreover, in 3D, we obtain finite-time blow-up for$$\kappa \in (1, \frac{3}{2})$$κ∈(1,32)(and$$\lambda \ge 0$$λ≥0,$$\mu > 0$$μ>0). As the corner stone of our analysis, for certain initial data, we prove that the mass accumulation function$$w(s, t) = \int \nolimits _0^{\root n \of {s}} \rho ^{n-1} u(\rho , t) \,\mathrm {d}\rho $$w(s,t)=∫0snρn-1u(ρ,t)dρfulfills the estimate$$w_s \le \frac{w}{s}$$ws≤ws. Using this information, we then obtain finite-time blow-up ofuby showing that for suitably chosen initial data,$$s_0$$s0and$$\gamma $$γ, the function$$\phi (t) = \int \nolimits _0^{s_0} s^{-\gamma } (s_0 - s) w(s, t)$$ϕ(t)=∫0s0s-γ(s0-s)w(s,t)cannot exist globally.
The mortality burden in patients with hip fractures and dementia
Authors: Ioannidis Ioannis , Mohammad Ismail Ahmad , Forssten Maximilian Peter , Ahl Rebecka , Cao Yang , Borg Tomas , Mohseni Shahin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Dementia is strongly associated with postoperative death in patients subjected to hip fracture surgery. Nevertheless, there is a distinct lack of research investigating the cause of postoperative mortality in patients with dementia. This study aims to investigate the distribution and the risk of cause-specific postoperative mortality in patients with dementia compared to the general hip fracture population.

Methods
All adults who underwent emergency hip fracture surgery in Sweden between 1/1/2008 and 31/12/2017 were considered for inclusion. Pathological, conservatively managed fractures, and reoperations were excluded. The database was retrieved by cross-referencing the Swedish National Quality Registry for Hip Fracture patients with the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare quality registers. A Poisson regression model was used to determine the association between dementia and all-cause as well as cause-specific 30-day postoperative mortality.

Results
134,915 cases met the inclusion criteria, of which 20% had dementia at the time of surgery. The adjusted risk of all-cause 30-day postoperative mortality was 67% higher in patients with dementia after hip fracture surgery compared to patients without dementia [adj. IRR (95% CI): 1.67 (1.60–1.75), p < 0.001]. The risk of cause-specific mortality was also higher in patients with dementia, with up to a sevenfold increase in the risk cerebrovascular mortality [adj. IRR (95% CI): 7.43 (4.99–11.07), p < 0.001].

Conclusions
Hip fracture patients with dementia have a higher risk of death in the first 30 days postoperatively, with a substantially higher risk of mortality due to cardiovascular, respiratory, and cerebrovascular events, compared to patients without dementia.
Genotyping crossing parents and family bulks can facilitate cost-efficient genomic prediction strategies in small-scale line breeding programs
Authors: Michel Sebastian , Löschenberger Franziska , Ametz Christian , Bürstmayr Hermann 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Key message
Genomic relationship matrices based on mid-parent and family bulk genotypes represent cost-efficient alternatives to full genomic prediction approaches with individually genotyped early generation selection candidates.

Abstract
The routine usage of genomic selection for improving line varieties has gained an increasing popularity in recent years. Harnessing the benefits of this approach can, however, be too costly for many small-scale breeding programs, as in most genomic breeding strategies several hundred or even thousands of lines have to be genotyped each year. The aim of this study was thus to compare a full genomic prediction strategy using individually genotyped selection candidates with genomic predictions based on genotypes obtained from pooled DNA of progeny families as well as genotypes inferred from crossing parents. A population of 722 wheat lines representing 63 families tested in more than 100 multi-environment trials during 2010–2019 was for this purpose employed to conduct an empirical study, which was supplemented by a simulation with genotypic data from further 3855 lines. A similar or higher prediction ability was achieved for grain yield, protein yield, and the protein content when using mid-parent or family bulk genotypes in comparison with pedigree selection in the empirical across family prediction scenario. The difference of these methods with a full genomic prediction strategy became furthermore marginal if pre-existing phenotypic data of the selection candidates was already available. Similar observations were made in the simulation, where the usage of individually genotyped lines or family bulks was generally preferable with smaller family sizes. The proposed methods can thus be regarded as alternatives to full genomic or pedigree selection strategies, especially when pedigree information is limited like in the exchange of germplasm between breeding programs.
Dislocated hinge fractures are associated with malunion after lateral closing wedge distal femoral osteotomy
Authors: Rupp Marco-Christopher , Winkler Philipp W. , Lutz Patricia M. , Irger Markus , Forkel Philipp , Imhoff Andreas B. , Feucht Matthias J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the incidence, morphology, and associated complications of medial cortical hinge fractures after lateral closing wedge distal femoral osteotomy (LCW-DFO) for varus malalignment and to identify constitutional and technical factors predisposing for hinge fracture and consecutive complications.

Methods
Seventy-nine consecutive patients with a mean age of 47 ± 12 years who underwent LCW-DFO for symptomatic varus malalignment at the authors’ institution between 01/2007 and 03/2018 with a minimum of 2-year postoperative time interval were enrolled in this retrospective observational study. Demographic and surgical data were collected. Measurements evaluating the osteotomy cut (length, wedge height, hinge angle) and the location of the hinge (craniocaudal and mediolateral orientation, relation to the adductor tubercle) were conducted on postoperative anterior–posterior knee radiographs and the incidence and morphology of medial cortical hinge fractures was assessed. A risk factor analysis of constitutional and technical factors predisposing for the incidence of a medial cortical hinge fracture and consecutive complications was conducted.

Results
The incidence of medial cortical hinge fractures was 48%. The most frequent morphological type was an extension fracture type (68%), followed by a proximal (21%) and distal fracture type (11%). An increased length of the osteotomy in mm (53.1 ± 10.9 vs. 57.7 ± 9.6; p = 0.049), an increased height of the excised wedge in mm (6.5 ± 1.9 vs. 7.9 ± 3; p = 0.040) as well as a hinge location in the medial sector of an established sector grid (p = 0.049) were shown to significantly predispose for the incidence of a medial cortical hinge fracture. The incidence of malunion after hinge fracture (14%) was significantly increased after mediolateral dislocation of the medial cortical bone > 2 mm (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Medial cortical hinge fractures after LCW-DFO are a common finding. An increased risk of sustaining a hinge fracture has to be expected with increasing osteotomy wedge height and a hinge position close to the medial cortex. Furthermore, dislocation of a medial hinge fracture > 2 mm was associated with malunion and should, therefore, be avoided.

Level of evidence
Prognostic study; Level IV.
Antibacterial properties of Allium sativum L. against the most emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria and its synergy with antibiotics
Authors: Magryś Agnieszka , Olender Alina , Tchórzewska Dorota 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGarlic has long been known as the most effective plant species in treatment of bacterial infections. Considering the vast potential of garlic as a source of antimicrobial drugs, this study is aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity ofAllium sativumextracts and their interactions with selected antibiotics against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant isolates of emerging bacterial pathogens that are frequently found in healthcare settings. As shown by the in vitro data obtained in this study, the wholeAllium sativumextract inhibited the growth of a broad range of bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains with bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects. Depending on the organism, the susceptibility to fresh garlic extract was comparable to the conventional antibiotic gentamycin. Since the combinations of fresh garlic extract with gentamycin and ciprofloxacin inhibited both the drug sensitive and MDR bacteria, in most cases showing a synergistic or insignificant relationship, the potential use of such combinations may be beneficial, especially in inhibiting drug-resistant pathogens. The study results indicate the possibility of using garlic as e.g. a supplement used during antibiotic therapy, which may increase the effectiveness of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin.
Outcome Comparison between Endoscopic Transoral and Bilateral Axillo‐Breast Approach Thyroidectomy Performed by a Single Surgeon
Authors: Liang Tsung‐Jung , Wang Nai‐Yu , Tsai Chung‐Yu , Liu Shiuh‐Inn , Chen I‐Shu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe transoral approach and the bilateral axillo‐breast approach (BABA) are remote access approaches for endoscopic thyroidectomy. Both follow a symmetric design and use CO2 insufflation to maintain the working space. The outcome differences between the techniques are rarely compared in the literature.MethodsAll patients who underwent endoscopic transoral (n = 72) and BABA (n = 63) thyroidectomy between October 2018 and August 2020 by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. The following peri‐operative data were collected and compared: operative time, blood loss, postoperative drainage amount, hospital stay, pain score, number of retrieved lymph nodes, and complications.ResultsPatients in the transoral group were younger (44.7 vs. 49.3 years, p = 0.022) and had smaller tumors (2.4 vs. 2.8 cm, p = 0.020) than those in the BABA group. The operative times were significantly longer in the transoral group than in the BABA group (lobectomy, 194.1 vs. 177.0 min, p = 0.026; total thyroidectomy, 246.0 vs. 214.3 min, p = 0.042). Nevertheless, the time difference became insignificant after completing the initial 20 cases of transoral thyroidectomy. The drainage fluid collected after the surgery was serosanguinous, and a lower drainage volume was observed in the transoral group than that in the BABA group (64.9 vs. 78.5 ml, p = 0.017). However, there was no significant difference regarding the blood loss, hospital stay, postoperative pain score, and lymph nodes retrieved. The rate of postoperative complications, such as hypoparathyroidism and vocal cord palsy was comparable between the two groups.ConclusionsTransoral approach and BABA are comparable with regard to surgical outcomes. Selected patients may choose either technique based on their preferences.
Pure Laparoscopic Hepatectomy for Tumors Close to the Major Hepatic Veins: Intraparenchymal Identification of the Major Hepatic Veins using the Ventral Approach
Authors: Kim Ji Hoon , Jang Je‐Ho , Cho Byung Sun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic hepatectomy for tumors close to the major hepatic veins (HVs) is a technically demanding procedure that is relatively contraindicated. We investigated this surgical technique and the outcomes of intraparenchymal identification of the major HVs using the ventral approach in pure laparoscopic hepatectomy for tumors close to the major HVs.MethodsIn the present study, tumors < 10 mm from the major HVs were defined as lesions in proximity to the major HVs. The cranio‐ventral part of the liver parenchyma along the targeted major hepatic veins was opened to facilitate an open cutting plane. After a wide exposure of the surgical plane, the targeted major HVs were identified.ResultsThirteen patients with tumors close to the major HVs underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy. The median operative time was 260 min (range, 160–410 min), while the intraoperative blood loss was 100 mL (range, 30–310 mL). The median Pringle maneuver time was 45 min (range, 40–75 min). The median tumor size was 50 mm (range, 17–140 mm), and the median tumor margin was 4 mm (range, 0–10 mm). Three patients (23.1%) experienced minor postoperative complications. The median postoperative hospital stay was 7 days (range, 4–25 days).ConclusionsPure laparoscopic hepatectomy for tumors close to the major HVs is technically feasible in selected patients. Intraparenchymal identification of the major HVs using the ventral approach achieves transection plane accuracy and avoids inadvertent injury to the major HVs.
The prognostic value of fat invasion and tumor expansion in the hilar veins in pT3a renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Stühler Viktoria , Rausch Steffen , Kroll Katharina , Scharpf Marcus , Stenzl Arnulf , Bedke Jens 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The 7th TNM classification summarizes renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with perirenal (PFI) and/or sinus fat invasion (SFI) as well as hilar vein involvement (RVI) as pT3a tumors. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of fat invasion (FI) in the different compartments and RVI for medium-term cancer-specific-survival (CSS) in pT3a RCC.

Materials and methods
Patients with pT3a RCC were identified using an institutional database. All original pathological reports were reclassified according to the 7th TNM edition. The prognostic value of FI as well as divided into PFI, SFI, combined PFI + SFI, and RVI for CSS was assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox-regression analysis. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
Median follow-up in 184 pT3a tumors was 38 months. FI was detectable in 153 patients (32.7% PFI, 45.1% SFI, 22.2% PFI + SFI), 31 patients showed RVI alone. Combined PFI + SFI increased the risk of cancer-related death compared to PFI (HR 3.11, p < 0.01), SFI (HR 1.84, p = 0.023) or sole RVI (HR 2.12, p = 0.025). In multivariate analysis, a combined PFI + SFI vs. PFI or SFI as the only compartment involved was confirmed as independent prognostic factor (HR 1.83, p = 0.029). Patients with FI and simultaneous RVI had significantly shorter CSS (HR 2.63, p < 0.01). In an unweighted model, the difference between patients with combined PFI + SFI and RVI and those with PFI alone was highest (HR 4.01, p = 0.029).

Conclusions
These results underline the subdivision of pT3a RCC depending on the location of FI and RVI for patient stratification.
A Pilot Study Examining the Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as Parent Counseling
Authors: Bodden Denise H. M. , Matthijssen Denise 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere is some scientific evidence to support the applicability and preliminary effects of ACT as a parent intervention but more research is needed. In this pilot research, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is provided as a parent counseling therapy in order to increase psychological flexibility which in turn helps parents to choose attuned parenting behavior, invest in a helpful parent-child relationship, deal with feelings of incompetence, and cope with their own psychopathology. ACT parent counseling is developed for parents of children (3–18 years old) with psychiatric problems. The mean age of the parents (n = 101) was 47.1 years (range = 30–66). A repeated measures design was used including pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up measurements. The main outcomes were ACT measures (psychological flexibility, parental psychological inflexibility, and cognitive fusion). Secondary outcomes included parenting behavior, the quality of the parent-child interaction, parental competence, parental psychopathology, and the satisfaction with the treatment program. This is the first study we know of that showed statistically significant improvements on parental psychological flexibility, parenting behavior (except behavioral control), parent-child relations, parental competence, and parental internalizing psychopathology directly after treatment. At 6-month follow-up, significantly less conflicts, more parental competence, and less parental psychopathology was found. However, the improvements were not clinically significant, as calculated with the RCI. No control group was used in this uncontrolled pilot study but preliminary findings indicate that ACT parent counseling can help parents to increase psychological flexibility in order to choose more flexible and effective parenting behavior.