bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Dynamics Reveal Stage-specific and Melatonin-triggered Gene Expression Patterns During the Cashmere Growth Cycle in Capra Hircus
Authors: Li Chun , Feng Cong , Ma Guangyuan , Fu Shaoyin , Chen Ming , Zhang Wenguang , Li Jinquan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Cashmere goat is famous for its high-quality fibers. The growth of cashmere in secondary hair follicles exhibits a seasonal pattern arising from circannual changes in the natural photoperiod. Although several studies have compared and analyzed the differences in gene expression between different cashmere growth stages, the selection of samples in these studies relies on research experience or morphological evidence. Distinguishing cashmere growth cycles according to gene expression patterns may help to explore the regulation mechanisms related to cashmere growth and the effect of melatonin from a molecular level more accurately. Results: In this study, we applied RNA-sequencing to the hair follicles of three normal and three melatonin-treated Inner Mongolian cashmere goats sampled every month during a whole cashmere growth cycle. A total of 3559 and 988 genes were subjected as seasonal changing genes (SCGs) in the control and treated groups, respectively. The SCGs in the normal group are divided into three clusters, and their specific expression patterns help to group the cashmere growth cycle into anagen, catagen and telogen stages. Some canonical pathways such as Wnt, TGF-beta and Hippo signaling pathways are detected as promoting the cashmere growth, while Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Jak-STAT, Fc epsilon RI, NOD-like receptor, Rap1, PI3K-Akt, cAMP, NF-kappa B and many immune-related pathways are detected in the catagen and telogen stages. The PI3K-Akt signaling, ECM-receptor interaction and Focal adhesion are found in the transition stage between telogen to anagen, which may serve as candidate biomarkers for telogen-anagen regeneration. Pairwise comparisons between the control and melatonin-treated groups also indicate 941 monthly differentially expressed genes (monthly DEGs). These monthly DEGs are mainly distributed from April and September, which reveal a potential signal pathway map regulating the anagen stage triggered by melatonin. Enrichment analysis shows that Wnt, Hedgehog, ECM, Chemokines and NF-kappa B signaling pathways may be involved in the regulation of non-quiescence and secondary shedding under the influence of melatonin. Conclusions: Our study decodes the key regulators of the whole cashmere growth cycle, laying the foundation for the control of cashmere growth and improvement of cashmere yield.
An Innovative Approach to Determination of Double-Porosity Fractured Aquifers Hydraulic Parameters Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Azari Tahereh , Tabari Mahmoud Mohammad Rezapour 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Accurate determination of hydraulic parameter values is the first step to the sustainable development of an aquifer. Since Theis (1935), type curve matching technique (TCMT) has been used to estimate the aquifer parameters from pumping test data. The TCMT is subjected to graphical error. To eliminate the error an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed as an alternative to the conventional TCMT by modeling the Bourdet-Gringaten’s well function for the determination of the fractured double porosity aquifer parameters. The neural network model is developed in a six-step protocol based on multi-layer perceptron (MLP) networks architecture and is trained for the well function of double porosity aquifers by the back propagation method and the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm. By applying the principal component analysis on the training input data and through a trial-and-error procedure the optimum structure of the network is fixed with the topology of [3×6×3]. The replicative, predictive and structural validity of the developed network are evaluated with synthetic and real field data. The developed network provides an automatic and fast procedure for the double porosity aquifer parameter determination that eliminates graphical errors inherent in the conventional TCMT. The network receives pumping test data and provides the user with the aquifer parameter values.
Analysis of Medical Disputes and Compensation Costs Associated With Gastric Cancer Surgery at a Large-volume Center
Authors: Kim Amy , Yoo Moon Won 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence and costs of medical disputes in Korea are increasing annually. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of medical dispute cases and analyze compensation costs in gastric cancer patients who were admitted for surgery at a single large-volume center. MethodsGastric cancer patients who were admitted for surgery and received compensation after filing medical disputes with the legal affairs team at our center between January 2012 and December 2017 were retrospectively registered for the study. The characteristics of and information on the disputes were reviewed and the amount of awarded compensation was analyzed according to different factors.ResultsThere were 20 cases of medical disputes associated with gastric cancer surgery during the study period. In five cases, evidence of medical negligence was detected. There were 17 morbidity cases and four mortality cases. The mean compensation cost paid for settlement was USD 7,502. Length of hospital stay (p=0.009) and morbidity (p=0.004) were significantly associated with compensation.Conclusion﻿Our results demonstrate foundational information on disputes regarding surgery in gastric cancer patients and the accompanying compensation costs for settlement.
A Scoping Review Protocol for Supply Chain Management Systems for Point of Care Diagnostics Services: Optimising COVID-19 Testing Capacity in Resource-limited Settings
Authors: Maluleke Kuhlula , Dlangalala Thobeka , Musekiwa Alfred , Kgarosi Kabelo , Nkambule Sphamandla , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRapid and specific diagnostic tests are essential for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing to allow prompt isolation and early treatment initiation if necessary. Currently, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests are the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 testing but are difficult to implement in resource-limited settings with poor access to laboratory infrastructure. Point of care (POC) testing may be more feasible in resource-limited settings because POC testing is cost-effective, easy to perform, results are rapid, and they can be performed at all levels of healthcare by health professionals with minimal training. To ensure equitable access, it is important that SARS-CoV-2 testing is optimised through well-established supply chain management (SCM). Here we outline a protocol for a scoping review aimed at mapping literature on SCM for POC testing in resource limited settings to guide both future research and the implementation of SARS-CoV-2 POC diagnostics. MethodologyThis scoping review will be guided by an adapted version of the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework. We will search the Medline Ovid, Medline EBSCO, Scopus, PubMed, PsychInfo, Web of Science and EBSCOHost databases. We will search gray literature in the form of dissertations/theses, conference proceedings, websites of international organisations such as the World Health Organisation and government reports. We will include articles reporting evidence published since inception. Language restrictions will not be applied. We will use a search summary table to test the effectiveness of the search strategy. Two reviewers will screen eligible studies using a tool developed for this scoping review. The quality of the included studies will be appraised using the mixed method appraisal tool (MMAT) version 2018. Discussion The proposed scoping review will gather relevant studies on SCM systems for POC diagnostics services globally. We anticipate that this review’s findings will guide future research on SCM systems for POC diagnostics services in resource-limited settings. The results will be published in a scientific journal, presented at relevant conferences and form part of workshops with key stakeholders involved in SCM systems for POC diagnostics services.
Estimating the population of immigrants with syphilis by Bayesian Back-calculation
Authors: Li Chentong , Liu Jiawei , Zhang Yingying , Lei Huan , Xu Jinhu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease and infects tens of millions of people every year. In China, syphilis has its characteristics in spreading patterns: this disease always spreads with the migration of the floating population. But rarely quantitative modeling studies have been conducted in this field.Method Based on the Bayesian back-calculation method and datasets collected in Zhejiang Province, China, a novel model to analyze the syphilis transmission and immigration process is constructed.Results The results show that immigrant patients are the main source of syphilis in the Zhejiang province. By using the PRCC method to analyze the relationship between parameters and infected cases, we find two main effective measures to control syphilis: the patients paying attention to their behaviors and using sexual protection measures.Conclusion With the increase of intensive personnel exchange among different countries and regions, it is becoming more important to study the transmission of diseases within the floating populations. The method we use in this manuscript provides a quantitative research method by using the diagnosed cases. All the methods and models in this manuscript could be used in the studies of other diseases where immigrant patients should be considered.
Clinical study of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in the treatment of non-lactating mastitis
Authors: Zhou Ying , Wang Shu-Rong , Xu Dong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

To investigate the clinical value of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for non-lactating mastitis.
Methods

A total of 53 patients who were confirmed with non-lactating mastitis and all underwent ultrasound-guided microwave ablation from January 2019 to January 2020 were enrolled, including 31 patients with Plasma Cell Mastitis (PCM) and 22 patients with Granulomatous Mastitis (GM). There were a total of 58 lesions, including 32 plasma cell mastitis lesions and 26 granulomatous mastitis lesions. Hospital stay, duration of postoperative lesion reduction, effective rate and recurrence were recorded to observe the clinical efficacy.
Results

In this study, the total effective rate of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation was 98.1 % (52/53). The recurrence rate after 12 months of follow-up was 1.9 %. The average length of hospital stay was (6.3 ± 2.4) days. After treatment, 38 cases were excellent in breast appearance evaluation, and 14 cases were good and accounted for 98.1%. Patients with abnormal preoperative white blood cell results had lower postoperative breast appearance scoring, and there was significant difference in the effect of postoperative breast appearance between normal and abnormal white blood cells (P < 0.05). The average time of lesion volume reduction to 50 % was (28.4 ± 12.7) days, and reduction to 100% was (75.8 ± 31.7) days. There was significant difference in the time of lesion volume reduction between different clinical stages (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation has a high efficiency in the treatment of non-lactating mastitis and the lesion is completely absorbed within a short time, which provides a new idea and better treatment for non-lactating mastitis.
Development of a Hydroxamamide-Based Bifunctional Chelating Agent to Prepare Technetium-99m-Labeled Bivalent Ligand Probes
Authors: Shimizu Yoichi , Ando Masato , Iikuni Shimpei , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Ono Masahiro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Hydroxamamide (Ham) is a thiol-free chelating agent that forms technetium-99m (99mTc)-complexes with a metal-to-ligand ratio of 1:2 under moderate reaction conditions. Therefore, Ham-based chelating agents will produce 99mTc-labeled compounds with a bivalent targeting scaffold. For their universal usage, we developed a novel Ham-based bifunctional chelating agent, “Ham-Mal”, with a maleimide group that can easily conjugate with a thiol group, for to preparing 99mTc-labeled bivalent ligand probes. Ham-Mal was synthesized by a four-step reaction, and then reacted with cysteine or c(RGDfC) to produce Ham-Cys or Ham-RGD. These precursors were reacted with [99mTc]TcO4− for 10 min under room temperature to obtain [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-Cys)2 and [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-RGD)2. The cellular uptake level of [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-RGD)2 by U87MG (high Integrin ɑvβ3 expression) cells was significantly higher than that by PC3 (low Integrin ɑvβ3 expression) cells at 60 min after the incubation, and the uptake was significantly suppressed by pre-treatment for 15 min with excess c(RGDfK) peptide. In the in vivo study with U87MG/PC3 dual xenografted Balb/c-nu mice, the radioactivity of U87MG tumor tissue was significantly higher than that of PC3 tumor tissue at 360 min after the administration of [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-RGD)2. These results suggest Ham-Mal may have potential as a bifunctional chelating agent for 99mTc-labeled bivalent ligand probes.
Comparative Analysis of Information Tendency and Application Features for Projection Mapping Technologies at Cultural Heritage Sites
Authors: LI Hengyi , ITO Hiromu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of interactive technologies using projection mapping (PJM), these digital technologies have introduced new interpretative possibilities for the presentation of cultural heritage sites. PJM attracts more visitors with greater expectations to cultural heritage sites through its excellent visual effects and guidance capabilities. In the past decade, especially after 2015, design events have frequently introduced digital projections to cultural heritage sightseeing spots worldwide. However, this trend has also led to the emergence of many digital projection events that merely exhibit beautiful projection effects on buildings and neglect to show the history and value of the cultural heritage site. Based on this phenomenon, this study compiled and analyzed 45 related cases of PJM applications at cultural heritage sites around the world from the past 5 years. These 45 examples were studied by disassembling the projection content, analyzing the information characteristics exhibited in each projection video, and arranging the obtained data on a timeline chart for analysis. According to the data, two information characteristics of PJM at cultural heritage sites can be observed: “the relationship between projection content and heritage” and “information tendency.” The advantages and limitations of these characteristics were distinguished and suggestions for the application of PJM on cultural heritage sites were derived. These results can be used as a reference for other research studies on visitors to cultural heritage sites and improving digital interpretation and presentation designs.
Wheat sRNA transcriptome reveals R-gene associated distinct temporal miRNA profiles in response to stem rust and leaf rust diseases
Authors: Nair Minu M , Kumar Hari Krishna S , S Jyothsna , TS Krishna , C Manjunatha , S Sivasamy , Manickavelu Alagu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wheat rusts, the dreadful fungal diseases caused by members of the Puccinia genus remain as a major threat to global wheat production and food security. The R-gene mediated resistance has been employed as an efficient approach to develop rust resistant varieties. However, evolution of new fungal races and infection strategies put forward the urgency of unravelling novel genomics assisted molecular players, including non-coding RNAs for rust disease management. MicroRNAs are crucial regulators of genes associated with plant growth, development, abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this study, high throughput small RNA sequencing was performed on susceptible and resistant wheat near-isogenic lines inoculated with stem rust and leaf rust, together with mock inoculated controls. While miRNA mining in stem rust inoculated libraries revealed a total of twenty-six known and seven novel miRNAs, the search in leaf rust libraries culminated with twenty-two known and four novel miRNAs. The identified candidate miRNAs constituted both guide and passenger miRNA strands along with their isomiRs. Temporal expression pattern of differentially expressed miRNAs pinpoints their possible role during the progress of infection. Comparative analysis provides a better understanding of altered miRNA profiles associated with Sr36 and Lr45 disease resistance genes in response to stem rust and leaf rust, respectively. Also, the disclosure of guide strand, passenger strand and a variant of novel-Tae-miR02 with various sub-genomal origins might serve as an important common link between stem rust and leaf rust defense mechanisms downstream to the respective R-genes. Further, cis-regulatory elements that modulate MIR genes, targets of identified miRNAs related to various signal transduction pathways, and miR-SSRs which might be useful for rust disease control, are the emphasized attributes of our results. The outcome from this simultaneous study of miRNA profiles among two rust diseases and further characterization of the identified miRNAs can contribute to the expanding rust disease management programs.
Production and scale efficiency of South African water utilities: the case of water boards
Authors: Ngobeni Victor , Breitenbach Marthinus C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSouth Africa is a water scarce country with deteriorating water resources. Faced with tight fiscal and water resource constraints, water utilities would have to adopt technically efficient water management technologies to meet developmental socio-economic objectives of universal coverage, aligned to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 6. It is important to measure the technical efficiency of utilities as accurately as possible in order to inform policy. We do this by using a non-parametric method known as Data Envelopment Analysis to determine, measure, analyse and benchmark the technical efficiency of all water boards in South Africa. Our contribution to the literature is twofold: This is the first paper to model technical efficiency of water boards as utility suppliers and guardians of water services in South Africa, and second, we address the over- and underestimation issues of technical efficiency measurement in the water sector. We do this by modelling one of the most pronounced negative externalities from water provision (water losses) as an undesirable output using the approach developed by You and Yan. We find, on average, technical efficiency of water boards is 49%, with only three of the nine water boards technically efficient. Six of the smaller water boards showed high levels of inefficiency with an inefficiency rate of 51%, which is equivalent to wastage in expenditure of R3.7 billion. Six water boards operate at increasing returns to scale and two are scale efficient. Only Rand and Sedibeng water boards exhibited decreasing returns to scale. Therefore, redirecting potential efficiency savings to optimal uses could result in technical and scale efficiency for the sector. Scale efficiency results seem to support larger regional water boards as small- to medium-sized water boards are scale inefficient with low technical efficiency. For example, Amatola Water (small water board) with an efficiency score of only 16% has a total expenditure of 18% of that of Umgeni (large water board), but sells only 6.7% of the quantity sold by Umgeni. Amatola also has seven times the proportion of water losses compared with Umgeni and charges 1.6 times the tariff of Umgeni. The ratio model with an undesirable output outperforms previous methods to deal with undesirable (bad) outputs, which either provide an over- or underestimation of technical efficiency.
Recent Advances in Therapeutic Application of DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
against Cancer
Authors: Fernandes Stina George , Shah Prachi , Khattar Ekta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract:
DNA’s integrity is continuously challenged by intrinsic cellular processes and environmental agents. To
overcome this genomic damage, cells have developed multiple signalling pathways collectively named as DNA Damage
Response (DDR) and composed of three components: (i) sensor proteins, which detect DNA damage, (ii) mediators
that relay the signal downstream and recruit the repair machinery and (iii) the repair proteins, which restore the
damaged DNA. A flawed DDR and failure to repair the damage lead to the accumulation of genetic lesions and increased
genomic instability, which is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells tend to harbor increased mutations
in DDR genes and often have fewer DDR pathways than normal cells. This makes cancer cells more dependent
on particular DDR pathways and thus become more susceptible to compounds inhibiting those pathways compared to
normal cells, which have all the DDR pathways intact. Understanding the roles of different DDR proteins in the DNA
damage response and repair pathways and the identification of their structures have paved the way for development of
their inhibitors as targeted cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the major participants of various DDR pathways,
their significance in carcinogenesis and focus on the inhibitors developed against several key DDR proteins.
IMPLEMENTASI KARAKTER KERJA BERBASIS BUDAYA KERJA DI INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF PADA MAHASISWA PESERTA KULIAH TEKNOLOGI PEMBENTUKAN DASAR DI JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK OTOMOTIF FT UNY
Authors: Sudiyanto Sudiyanto , Fatah Amir , Wakid Mohkamad 
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan karakter kerja berbasis budaya kerja di industri otomotif untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dan prestasi belajar peserta didik mata kuliah Teknologi Pembentukan Dasar (TPD) di Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif FT UNY. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subyek penelitian adalah satu rombongan belajar yang mengambil mata kuliah TPD. Penerapan penelitian dilakukan pada kelompok kerja las listrik. Penelitian menggunakan model spiral. Siklus penelitian direncanakan sampai partisipasi mahasiswa dan prestasi belajar praktik mencapai 80%. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan penilaian hasil kerja praktik. Analisis data menggunakan metode statistik tendensi sentral (rerata). Hasil penelitian menerapkan karakter kerja berbasis budaya kerja di industri otomotif mampu meningkatkan prestasi kerja praktik, baik dalam peningkatan produk kerja praktik, yang terkait waktu dan kualitas hasil praktik. Namun partisipasi belajar praktik terutama pada aspek menanya semakin berkurang, hal ini disebabkan karena penerapan disiplin kerja sebagai budaya kerja di industri ini mampu mendongkrak perhatian dan fokus praktikan dalam bekerja.Kata kunci: karakter kerja, budaya kerja, pembelajaran praktik
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN PEKERJAAN DASAR OTOMOTIF (PDO) KELAS X DENGAN METODE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) di SMK N 3 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sujiyanto Sujiyanto 
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to improve students’ participation and learning achievement using Students Team Achievement Division (STAD) on the Basic Automotive course. This classroom action research was performed consisting of three cycles. Each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. There were 31 students from SMK Negeri 3 Yogyakarta selected as participants for the study. Data were collected using observation sheet and test at the beginning and end of classroom activities. The results of this study indicated that implementing STAD method can improve students’ learning outcomes. There were seventy percent or more (≥ 70%) students actively participated in the classroom activities. Furthermore, there were eighty percent or more (≥ 80%) students reached higher score than the minimum requirement for their test.