bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Micropropagation Protocol of Mucuna pruriens var. utilis using Cotyledonary Node Explant: A Cultivated Medicinal Edible Legume
Authors: Madkami Sanjay Kumar , Moharana Arpita , Barik Durga Prasad 
Published: March 2021

Background: The presence of L-dopa coupled with rich protein and amino acid marked Mucuna pruriens var. utilis as an important under-utilised legume. Therefore, it is useful to develop a method for large-scale multiplication for commercial production. Method: Tissue culture technology is successfully utilized in propagation of plants with poor and uncertain response to conventional propagation. Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium without any Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) was used for seed germination and with PGRs for shoot and root multiplication. Result: Highest 95% seed germination was found in fresh seeds at 7-8 days of culture. Shoot multiplication percentage was found to be 100% with highest c.a. 21.1 shoots with an average 4.8 cm shoot length on MS + BAP 1.5 mg L-1 per 10 days old cotyledonary node explant. A total c.a. 144 shoots were harvested after 3rd harvest of the mother cotyledonary node with two whole cotyledons at day 70. Rooting was best induced in in vitro derived shoots on MS medium without any PGRs and plantlets were acclimatized in sand and soil (1:1) and established in pot with garden soil.
Identification of Stable and High Yielding Dual Season Genotypes in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
Authors: . Sidramappa , Kuchanur P.H. , Shobharani M. , Arunkumar B. , Kulkarni S.A. , Sowmya H.C. 
Published: March 2021

Background: The production of pulses recorded a negative growth rate due to stagnation in expansion of pulse growing area and very slow progress in the improvement of productivity of important pulses. Therefore, there is urgent need to increase the area under pulse crops by promoting them into new areas and seasons. Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is third most important pulse crop both in acreage and production in India and hence, identification of high yielding dual season (kharif and summer) stable blackgram genotypes is very crucial for horizontal expansion of crop, which in turn leading to increased production. The present study was thus envisaged to identify stable, high yielding dual season (kharif and summer) genotypes. Methods: Twenty-five blackgram genotypes were evaluated at three different locations during kharif and summer seasons to identify high yielding, stable and suitable for dual season. The data obtained from six environments was subjected to stability analysis as per Eberhart and Russell (1966). Result: Analysis of variance for stability revealed that variance due to genotypes, environment and environment + (genotype × environment) were highly significant for all the characters. The genotypes viz., TRCRU-136, BDU-20, BDU-18, AKU-15 and TRCRU-22 were found early maturing with wider adaptability to unfavourable environments. While, BDU-18 and LBG-465 were found stable in expression with high mean performance across the six environments for 100-seed weight. From the present study, six promising stable genotypes viz., BDU-17, TRCRU-22, BDU-18, TRCRU-339, TRCRU-18 and IC 436778 were identified for cultivation during kharif as well as summer seasons.
Comparative Study of Five Legume Species under Drought Conditions
Authors: Basheer-Salimia R. , Aloweidat M.Y. , Al-Salimiya M.A. , Hamdan Y.A.S. , Sayara T.A.S. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Vegetative, reproductive and grain-filling phases are critical developmental stages determined legume’s yield and grain quality. Drought is the key factor affecting legumes ontogeny and production. The main goal of the present study is to compare growth, yield and seed quality of different legume species grown under drought conditions. Methods: Completely randomized design were used in this experiment with five local legume species including faba bean, chickpea, lentil, common vetch and bitter vetch, with five replicates using a net plot size of 20 m2 area (4m*5m) / replicate. Plants were grown at the eastern slopes of Bethlehem governorate (Latitude 31”67, Longitude, 35”24, Altitude of 629 m, with hilly-moderate to steep slope topography) under drought conditions (average rainfall is 260 mm). Growth performance (germination, flowering, fruit set, maturation, harvesting, stem length and branching), yield components (weight of 100-seeds, fresh weight, seed and hay production) and seed quality traits (percentages of dry weight, protein and ash) were evaluated. Result: Significant morphological, yield and grain quality parameters among the evaluated legume genotypes were registered. Positive correlation between branching and total yield was obtained. For economical and sustainable legume grain production, bitter vetch and common vetch could be successfully recommended under drought conditions, whereas faba bean and chickpea cultivation should be excluded from severe drought regions. Significant higher protein content in common vetch, faba bean and lentil was obtained, meanwhile the proximate analysis (dry matter, protein and ash) of the five examined crops found to be slightly high but within the documented international percentage range. Drought seems to be the main factor affecting legumes ontogeny and production, but not the quality parameters.
Two-Year Recall Bias After ACL Reconstruction Is Affected by Clinical Result
Authors: Randsborg Per-Henrik , Adamec Dakota , Cepeda Nicholas A. , Ling Daphne I. ,   on behalf of the HSS ACL Registry
Published: March 2021

Background:
Recall bias is a systematic error caused by inaccuracy in reporting past health status and can be a substantial methodological flaw in the retrospective collection of data. Little is known about recall bias following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients’ recall bias regarding preinjury knee function at 2 years after ACLR.

Methods:
Patients undergoing ACLR were enrolled in an institutional ACL registry. Preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively, patients quantified their preinjury knee function on a scale of 0 to 10 (10 = best). Recall bias was quantified as the difference in the reported preinjury function between the 2 time points. The clinical result of ACLR was evaluated according to the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation score. Patients meeting the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the IKDC score were considered to have had a good outcome, while patients who did not reach the MCID were considered to have had failure of treatment. Recall bias was compared between the 2 groups.

Results:
Of 2,109 patients enrolled in the registry, 1,219 were included in the study. Patients with a good outcome remembered their preinjury knee function on a 0-to-10 scale to be better than what they reported at baseline, by a mean difference of 0.40 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22 to 0.58 points). The recall bias was stronger for patients with a poor outcome, who remembered their knee function to be worse than reported at baseline, by a mean difference of −0.81 (95% CI, −1.4 to −0.26). The mean difference in recall between the 2 groups was −1.21 (95% CI, −1.74 to −0.67) (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
The recall bias of preinjury knee function following ACLR was small and not clinically meaningful for the majority of patients. However, patients with a poor outcome had a clinically relevant and significant recall bias.

Clinical Relevance:
Our findings suggest that patients with a poor outcome have a substantial recall bias. This has clinical relevance when considering treatment effects of revision surgery, whereby the clinical benefit of the treatment might be affected by recall bias.
Sub-centennially resolved behavior of an accreting sandy shoreline over the past ∼ 1000 years
Authors: Oliver Thomas S.N. , Tamura Toru 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Coastal ridge plains represent a valuable record of past shoreline deposition. However, there remain questions regarding shoreline behavior on intermediate timescales (sub-centennial), the impact of storms, and process of ridge genesis. We address these questions through high-resolution reconstruction of the sandy-beach progradation at Boydtown Beach in Twofold Bay, southeastern Australia, over the past 1000 years using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. GPR profiles are dominated by seaward-dipping reflections that result from beach and dune progradation. Prominent reflections with heavy-mineral concentrations are also preserved resulting from storm erosion. OSL ages reveal alternative phases of steady and episodic accretion, rather than a constant progradation. We hypothesize that steady phases may result from moderate storm events where each successive storm only partially erodes the recovery of the previous event. This results in incremental seaward accretion of the active beach. Phases of episodic accretion could be the result of larger storm events or storm clusters when large post-storm recovery rapidly shifts the active shoreline seaward. The two modes of shoreline progradation (steady and episodic) appear broadly associated with a change in ridge-and-swale morphology whereby subdued ridge swale topography is associated with steady or incremental progradation and higher, better-defined ridges with episodic accretion. These results suggest that a single coastal ridge plain experiences variable intermediate-scale shoreline behavior in response to storm events which then lead to multiple modes of ridge genesis.
Intra-host dynamic variations in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Li Jiarui , Du Pengcheng , Yang Lijiang , Zhang Ju , Song Chuan , Chen Danying , Song Yangzi , Ding Nan , Hua Mingxi , Han Kai , Song Rui , Xie Wen , Chen Zhihai , Wang Xianbo , Liu Jiangyuan , Xu Yanli , Gao Guiju , Wang Qi , Pu Lin , Di Lin , Li Jie , Yue Jinglin , Han Junyan , Zhao Xuesen , Yan Yonghong , Yu Fengting , Wu Angela R , Zhang Fujie , Gao Yi , Huang Yanyi , Wang Jianbin , Zeng Hui , Chen Chen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The mutations make uncertain to SARS-CoV-2 disease control and vaccine development. At population-level, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) have displayed mutations for illustrating epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenesis of COVID-19. These mutations are to be expected by the analysis of intra-host level, which presented as intra-host variations (iSNVs). Here, we performed spatio-temporal analysis on iSNVs in 402 clinical samples from 170 patients, and observed an increase of genetic diversity along the day post symptom onset within individual patient and among subpopulations divided by gender, age, illness severity and viral shedding time, suggested a positive selection at intra-host level. The comparison of iSNVs and SNPs displayed that most of nonsynonymous mutations were not fixed suggested a purifying selection. This two-step fitness selection enforced iSNVs containing more nonsynonymous mutations, that highlight the potential characters of SARS-CoV-2 for viral infections and global transmissions.
Why do people continue to live near polluted sites? Empirical evidence from Southwestern Europe
Authors: Levasseur Pierre , Erdlenbruch Katrin , Gramaglia Christelle 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Poverty is a major determinant for pollution exposure, according to the US location choice literature. In this paper, we assess the impact of socio-economic status on location choices in the European context. Our analysis relies on an original dataset of 1194 households living in polluted and non-polluted areas in three European countries: Spain, Portugal and France. We use instrumental variables strategies to identify the socioeconomic causes of location choices. We show that low education, wealth and income are main reasons for living in polluted areas. We provide several robustness checks testing for the exogeneity of selected instruments. We observe that unobserved heterogeneity tends to understate the impact of socioeconomic status on residence location. Interestingly, we highlight that an important proportion of intermediate social groups (especially young couples) are living in polluted areas, probably because of place attachment and affordable housing facilities. Similarly, we show that middle-income households have lower move-out intentions than other income groups. These latter results contrast the linear vision of environmental inequalities found in the US.
Prevalence of traumatic brain hemorrhages in brain death patients
Authors: Hassani Parvaneh , Ahmadi Ziya oddin , Halimi Shadi , Abbasi Mehdi , Besharati Sajad , Sarreshtehdari Ali , Shafiee Mehran , Khademi Rahele 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Considering the significant burden of brain death and its leading cause in emergency clinical settings, head traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, the most prevalent type of hemorrhagic event in these scenarios, will help us predict the possibility of consequent development of a vegetative state. Methods: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of other intracranial hemorrhages in patients with brain death. 70 head traumatic brain dead patients referred to Masih Daneshvari hospital underwent CT scan assessment to determine the prevalence of major intracranial hemorrhage types and their complications. Results: Subarachnoid (SAH) and subdural (SDH) hemorrhages consisted of the most prevalent intracranial hemorrhage types among patients with brain dead; 45.7 % and 40%, respectively. Overall, hemorrhagic events led to a midline shift in 14.3% and Edema in 12.9% of cases. We noticed midline shift more in SAH subjects while Edema was of higher prevalence among subarachnoid hemorrhages SDH patients. Conclusion: This study found Subarachnoid (SAH) and subdural (SDH) hemorrhages as the most prevalent types of intracranial hemorrhage among head traumatic brain-dead patients.
Microbial ecology along the buffalo digestive tract provides insights to their functions and interactions with the host
Authors: Liu Qingyou , Chen Wei-Hua , Hua Guohua , Feng Tong , Wang Teng , Gao Na L , Liu Ziying , Cui Kuiqing , Duan Yiqian , Wu Sicheng , Luo Yuhong , Li Zhipeng , Yang Chengjian , Xu Yixue , Lin Bo , Yang Liguo , Pauciullo Alfredo , Shi Deshun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Buffalo is an important livestock in Asia. Like other ruminants, its digestive tract (DT) is the key to the quality and wellbeing of buffalo and heavily interact with microbes. Here, we present a comprehensive survey on the microbial ecology along buffalo’s DT, including eight sites in three sections (i.e., stomach, intestine and rectum). We collected 695 samples, performed metagenomic sequencing and obtained 4,960 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), to which ~ 85% of the raw reads could be mapped. 90.7% of the MAGs are previously unidentified at species level. Overall, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the most abundant phyla; their ratios showed an increasing trend along the DT, consistent with their functions in the DT sections. We identified known interactions between microbes and DT sites including the enrichment of fiber-digesting and methane-producing microbes in the stomach. Strikingly, archaea were highly abundant in both stomach and intestine and showed positive-correlations with Fibrobacter, indicating their roles in methane-production and fiber-degradation at both sections. We annotated 5,862,748 non-redundant proteins from the MAGs, many of which also showed different abundances and were related to site-specific functions. By comparing with the rumen microbiota of cattle, we found higher abundances of microbes in fiber degradation and but lower in methane production. Our catalog of microbial genomes and encoded-proteins provides insight to their functions and interactions with distinct DT sites, and pave the way to microbial interventions for better buffalo quality.
Hsa-circ-0064636 regulation of the target gene VDAC1/UBE4A by hsa-miR-326/hsa-miR-503-5 in osteosarcoma
Authors: Yan Guohua , Huang Hanji , Li Kanglu , Zheng Mingjun , Qin Jiagang , Lu Dejie , Chen Ying , Cui Xiaofei , He Si , Cheng Jianwen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of noncoding RNAs that play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. Recent studies have revealed the critical role of circRNAs in cancer progression. Yet, little is not well understood of hsa-circ-0064636 in osteosarcoma (OS).Methods: The differential expression of hsa-circ-0064636 in OS cell lines was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were screened in OS mRNA and miRNA expression datasets. miRNAs that interacted with hsa-circ-0064636 were predicted by RNAhybrid, TargetScan and miRanda. and were further detected using RNAhybrid, TargetScan and miRanda. miRWalk, miRMap, and miRNAMap were used to perform target gene prediction on the intersected miRNAs to construct a circ-miRNA-mRNA interactor network. The target genes were then subjected to survival analysis using PROGgeneV2, which resulted in a circ-miRNA-mRNA interaction subnetwork with prognostic impact.Results: The qRT-PCR experiments successfully verified that hsa-circ-0064636 was significantly overexpressed in the OS cell line. Hsa-mir-326(miR-326) and hsa-mir-503-5p(miR-503-5p) are target miRNAs of hsa-circ-0064636 in the target genes obtained from the miR-326 and miR-503-5p screens. UBE4A and VDAC1 had a significant effect on prognosis. UBE4A is a target gene for miR-326, while VDAC1 is a target gene for miR-503-5p .Conclusion: hsa-circ-0064636 may be involved in OS development through acting as a sponge to inhibit miR-326 and miR-503-5p , thus regulating the expression of VDAC1 and UBE4A.
Large-scale placenta DNA methylation mega-analysis reveals fetal sex-specific differentially methylated CpG sites and regions
Authors: Andrews Shan , Yang Irene , Froehlich Karolin , Oskotsky Tomiko , Sirota Marina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Although male-female differences in placental structure and function have been observed, little is understood about their molecular underpinnings. Here, we present a mega-analysis of 14 publicly available placenta DNA methylation (DNAm) microarray datasets to identify individual CpGs and regions associated with fetal sex. In the discovery dataset of placentas from full term pregnancies (N = 532 samples), 5,212 CpGs met genome-wide significance (p < 1E-8) and were enriched in pathways such as keratinization (FDR p-value = 7.37E-14), chemokine activity (FDR p-value = 1.56E-2), and eosinophil migration (FDR p-value = 1.83E-2). Nine differentially methylated regions were identified (fwerArea < 0.1) including a region in the promoter of ZNF300 that showed consistent differential DNAm in samples from earlier timepoints in pregnancy and appeared to be driven predominately by effects in the trophoblast cell type. We describe the largest study of fetal sex differences in placenta DNAm performed to date, revealing genes and pathways characterizing sex-specific placenta function and health outcomes later in life.
Retrospective Observational Study of Patient Outcomes With Local Wound Infusion vs Epidural Analgesia After Open Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery
Authors: Jackson Alexandra Claire , Memory Katherine , Issa Eyad , Isherwood John , Graff-Baker Philippa , Garcea Giuseppe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEpidural analgesia is conventionally used as the mainstay of analgesia in open abdominal surgery but has a small life-changing risk of complications (epidural abscesses or haematomas). Local wound-infusion could be a viable alternative and are associated with fewer adverse effects. Methods A retrospective observational analysis of individuals undergoing open hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery over 1 year was undertaken. Patients either received epidural analgesia (EP) or continuous wound infusion (WI) + IV patient controlled anaesthesisa (PCA) with an intraoperative spinal opiate. Outcomes analyzed included length of stay, commencement of oral diet and opioid use. ResultsBetween Jan 2016- Dec 2016, 110 patients were analyzed (WI n=35, EP n=75). The median length of stay (days) was 8 in both the WI and EP group (p=0.846), the median time to commencing oral diet (days) was 3 in WI group and 2 in EP group (p=0.455). There was no significant difference in the amount of oromorph, codeine or tramadol (mg) between WI and EP groups (p=0.829, p=0.531, p=0.073, respectively). ConclusionsContinuous wound infusion + IV PCA provided adequate analgesia to patients undergoing open hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery. It was non-inferior to epidural analgesia with respect to hospital stay, commencement of oral diet and opioid use.
Early and long-term antibody kinetics of asymptomatic and mild disease COVID-19 patients
Authors: Efrati Shai , Catalogna Merav , Hamed Ramzia Abu , Hadanny Amir , Bar-Chaim Adina , Benveniste-Levkovitz Patricia , Strugo Refael , Levtzion-Korach Osnat 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Most patients infected with SARS-CoV-19 are asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. However, the early and late antibody kinetics in those patients have not yet been fully defined. Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients, and their household contacts were evaluated over a period four months. The evaluation procedure included symptom monitoring, viral load and serology analysis every ten days. A total of 1334 serum samples were collected from 135 patients and analyzed using three assays for IgG-N, IgG-S and IgM antibodies. Of the study participants, 97% were seropositive during the study and two distinct clusters were identified. These clusters were significantly different in their inflammatory related symptoms. Peak IgG-S was 45.8 AU/ml for cluster 1 and 71.5 AU/ml for cluster 2 (P = 0.004), whereas IgG-N peaks were 4.5 and 5.8 (P = 0.001) respectively. Finally, a decision tree model was designed to predict the disease phase based on the serological titer levels, and had an overall accuracy of 80.7%. The specific profile of seroconversion and decay of serum antibodies can be used to predict the time course from the acute infection.
Oestrogen-Dependent Oxytocin Dynamics in the Hypothalamus of Female Rats
Authors: Nishimura Kazuaki , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Ikeda Naofumi , Baba Kazuhiko , Sanada Kenya , Akiyama Yasuki , Nishimura Haruki , Tanaka Kentaro , Sonoda Satomi , Ueno Hiromichi , Yoshimura Mitsuhiro , Maruyama Takashi , Hachisuga Toru , Ueta Yoichi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) is produced in the hypothalamic nuclei and is secreted into systemic circulation from the posterior pituitary gland (PP). In the central nervous system, OXT regulates behaviours including maternal and feeding behaviours. Our aim was to evaluate whether oestrogen regulates hypothalamic OXT dynamics. Herein, we provide the first evidence that OXT dynamics in the hypothalamus vary with sex and that oestrogen may modulate dynamic changes in OXT levels, using OXT-mRFP1 transgenic rats. The fluorescence intensity of OXT-mRFP1 in the hypothalamic nuclei and PP was most strongly expressed during the oestrus stage in female rats and decreased significantly in ovariectomised rats. Oestrogen replacement caused significant increases in the fluorescent intensities in the hypothalamic nuclei and PP in a dose-dependent manner. This was also demonstrated in feeding behaviour and hypothalamic Fos neurons using immunohistochemistry. Hypothalamic OXT expression was oestrogen dependent and could be enhanced centrally by the administration of oestrogen.