bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Substance Use Disorder in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kowalec Kaarina , Carney Heather , Patel Mitulkumar , Hitchon Carol , Bolton James M. , Patten Scott B. , Graff Lesley A. , Bernstein Charles N. , Peschken Christine , Marrie Ruth Ann ,   for the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Defining the Burden and Managing the Effects of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Chronic Immunoinflammatory Disease
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) in a Canadian rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cohort and factors associated with SUD in RA.MethodsParticipants with RA (N = 154) were recruited via rheumatology clinics as part of a larger cohort study of psychiatric comorbidity in immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases. SUD is defined as the uncontrolled use of a substance despite the harmful consequences of its use. To identify lifetime SUD, the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition was administered to participants. Participants’ sociodemographic and RA clinical characteristics were also assessed. We examined factors associated with lifetime SUD using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression modeling.ResultsTwenty‐three (14.9%) of 154 participants with RA met the criteria for a lifetime diagnosis of SUD. The majority of the participants were women, were White, had postsecondary education, and were on a disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug. Factors associated with increased odds of SUD were male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03‐12.73), younger age (aOR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90‐0.98), and ever smoking (aOR: 6.44, 95% CI: 1.53‐27.07).ConclusionWe found that approximately 1 in 7 individuals with RA had a lifetime diagnosis of SUD, highlighting the importance of identifying and treating SUD in those with RA. In particular, the following factors were associated with higher odds of SUD: male sex, younger age, and smoking behaviors.
Advances in Microwave Synthesis of Nanoporous Materials
Authors: Głowniak Sylwia , Szczęśniak Barbara , Choma Jerzy , Jaroniec Mietek 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUsually, porous materials are synthesized by using conventional electric heating, which can be energy‐ and time‐consuming. Microwave heating is commonly used in many households to quickly heat food. Microwave ovens can also be used as powerful devices in the synthesis of various porous materials. The microwave‐assisted synthesis offers a simple, fast, efficient, and economic way to obtain many of the advanced nanomaterials. This review summarizes the recent achievements in the microwave‐assisted synthesis of diverse groups of nanoporous materials including silicas, carbons, metal–organic frameworks, and metal oxides. Microwave‐assisted methods afford highly porous materials with high specific surface areas (SSAs), e.g., activated carbons with SSA ≈3100 m2 g−1, metal–organic frameworks with SSA ≈4200 m2 g−1, covalent organic frameworks with SSA ≈2900 m2 g−1, and metal oxides with relatively small SSA ≈300 m2 g−1. These methods are also successfully implemented for the preparation of ordered mesoporous silicas and carbons as well as spherically shaped nanomaterials. Most of the nanoporous materials obtained under microwave irradiation show potential applications in gas adsorption, water treatment, catalysis, energy storage, and drug delivery, among others.
Manipulating Intratumoral Fenton Chemistry for Enhanced Chemodynamic and Chemodynamic‐Synergized Multimodal Therapy
Authors: Zhou Yaofeng , Fan Siyu , Feng Lili , Huang Xiaolin , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) uses the tumor microenvironment‐assisted intratumoral Fenton reaction for generating highly toxic hydroxyl free radicals (•OH) to achieve selective tumor treatment. However, the limited intratumoral Fenton reaction efficiency restricts the therapeutic efficacy of CDT. Recent years have witnessed the impressive development of various strategies to increase the efficiency of intratumoral Fenton reaction. The introduction of these reinforcement strategies can dramatically improve the treatment efficiency of CDT and further promote the development of enhanced CDT (ECDT)‐based multimodal anticancer treatments. In this review, the authors systematically introduce these reinforcement strategies, from their basic working principles, reinforcement mechanisms to their representative clinical applications. Then, ECDT‐based multimodal anticancer therapy is discussed, including how to integrate these emerging Fenton reinforcement strategies for accelerating the development of multimodal anticancer therapy, as well as the synergistic mechanisms of ECDT and other treatment methods. Eventually, future direction and challenges of ECDT and ECDT‐based multimodal synergistic therapies are elaborated, highlighting the key scientific problems and unsolved technical bottlenecks to facilitate clinical translation.
Urbach‐Energy‐Dictated Spatial Propagation of Electrons in Thermodynamically Tuned Amorphous Zirconia Thin Films
Authors: Kwon Jin‐Hyuk , Lee Hyeonju , Kim Bokyung , Zhang Xue , Jang Jaewon , Bae Jin‐Hyuk , Park Jaehoon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThermodynamically tuned zirconia thin films are fabricated for diverse Urbach energies in a homogeneous condensed system. In the analysis, the electrical breakdown of zirconia thin films is ascribed to the tunneling‐driven electron propagation involving virtual photons. An externally applied electric field is considered to expand the Urbach‐energy‐characterized energy distribution of sub‐bandgap states into their spatial distribution. In this expansion, the virtual‐photon energies activate the tunneling‐driven electron propagation through localized observer states. The integral of the virtual‐photon energies over the entire tunneling path is equal to the initial energy barrier.
Selective α‐Deuteration of Cinnamonitriles using D2O as Deuterium Source
Authors: Guo Beibei , de Vries Johannes G. , Otten Edwin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe selective α‐deuteration of α,β‐unsaturated nitriles using the strong base tBuOK or a metal‐ligand cooperative Ru pincer catalyst is described. With D2O as deuterium source and glyme as solvent at 70 °C, tBuOK is an efficient catalyst for deuteration at the α‐C(sp2) position of cinnamonitriles, providing access to a broad range of deuterated derivatives in good to excellent yields and with very high levels of deuterium incorporation. While the tBuOK‐catalysed protocol does not tolerate base‐sensitive functional groups, cinnamonitrile derivatives containing a benzylic bromide or ester moiety were deuterated in excellent yields using Milstein's ruthenium PNN pincer catalyst. Moreover, the activity for H/D exchange of the metal‐ligand cooperative Ru catalyst is found to be significantly higher than that of tBuOK, allowing reactions to proceed well even at room temperature. A mechanistic proposal is put forward that involves deprotonation of the cinnamonitrile α‐CH position when using tBuOK as catalyst, whereas H/D exchange catalysis with the Ru PNN pincer likely proceeds via (reversible) oxa‐Michael addition of D2O.magnified image
Structural Odd–Even Effect Impacting the Dimensionality of Transport in BTBT‐CnOH Organic Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Roche Gilles H. , Bruckner Gudrun , Dumitrescu Dan G. , Moreau Joël J. E. , van der Lee Arie , Wantz Guillaume , Dautel Olivier J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of a series of [1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) molecules disubstituted by hydroxy aliphatic chains in positions 2 and 7 (BTBT‐CnOH), where the intralayer molecular stacking alternates between a classical and an inverted herringbone mode as a function of whether the alkyl sides chains have an even or an odd number of carbon atoms are reported. This odd–even effect does not only affect the interlayer distance of the lamellar structures and the melting points, but also the electronic properties. The BTBT‐CnOH odd series develops a classical herringbone pattern with edge‐to‐edge S⋯S interaction chains linked together by face‐to‐edge S⋯S interaction chains with 2D mobility. However, the even series has only edge‐to‐edge interactions in an inverted herringbone organization and thus only a 1D conducting character. These two types of herringbone patterns have different field effect transistor characteristics and mobilities, those of the odd members being systematically higher than their even neighbors. This is the first example of an odd–even effect impacting the electronic properties of an organic semiconductor.
Biomass allocation ofVincetoxicum rossicumandV. nigrumin contrasting competitive environments
Authors: DiTommaso Antonio , Averill Kristine M. , Qin Zhong , Ho Melanie , Westbrook Anna S. , Mohler Charles L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPremiseUnderstanding how drought and biomass allocation patterns influence competitive ability can help identify traits related to invasiveness and guide management.Vincetoxicum nigrumandV. rossicumare increasingly problematic herbaceous perennial vines in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada.MethodsUsing a greenhouse experiment, we investigated how biomass allocation and competition intensity ofVincetoxicumspp. responded to four competitive regimes at two levels of soil water availability in the presence of conspecific or congeneric neighbors.ResultsSoil moisture was the most important influence on growth and biomass allocation.Vincetoxicum nigrumhad a greater capacity for growth and reproduction thanV. rossicum, especially under drought. Drought reduced the probability of reproduction forV. rossicum.Vincetoxicum rossicumhad a higher root‐to‐shoot ratio thanV. nigrumunder adequate soil moisture. This difference more than doubled under drought. Under interspecific competition,V. nigrummaximized its biomass, whileV. rossicumlimited aboveground growth and reproduction. Root‐only competition increased shoot and root biomass relative to shoot‐only competition. The effects of root and shoot competition were additive under interspecific competition, but interacted under intraspecific competition (negative interaction under drought and positive interaction under sufficient soil moisture).ConclusionsManagement strategies targeting mixed populations ofV. rossicumandV. nigrumare most important under ample water availability. Under drought conditions, strategies focused onV. nigrumshould effectively limitVincetoxicumgrowth and seed reproduction. Phenotypic plasticity and the positive competition intensity associated with drought in monocultures may contribute to drought resistance in these invasive species.
Personalized prediction of progression in pre‐dementia patients based on individual biomarker profile: A development and validation study
Authors: Kühnel Line , Bouteloup Vincent , Lespinasse Jérémie , Chêne Geneviève , Dufouil Carole , Molinuevo José Luis , Raket Lars Lau ,   for the MEMENTO study group and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe prognosis of patients at the pre‐dementia stage is difficult to define. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a biomarker‐based continuous model for predicting the individual cognitive level at any future moment. In addition to personalized prognosis, such a model could reduce trial sample size requirements by allowing inclusion of a homogenous patient population.MethodsDisease‐progression modeling of longitudinal cognitive scores of pre‐dementia patients (baseline Clinical Dementia Rating ≤ 0.5) was used to derive a biomarker profile that was predictive of patient's cognitive progression along the dementia continuum. The biomarker profile model was developed and validated in the MEMENTO cohort and externally validated in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.ResultsOf nine candidate biomarkers in the development analysis, three cerebrospinal fluid and two magnetic resonance imaging measures were selected to form the final biomarker profile. The model‐based prognosis of individual future cognitive deficit was shown to significantly improve when incorporating biomarker information on top of cognition and demographic data. In trial power calculations, adjusting the primary analysis for the baseline biomarker profile reduced sample size requirements by ≈10%. Compared to conventional cognitive cut‐offs, inclusion criteria based on biomarker‐profile cut‐offs resulted in up to 28% reduced sample size requirements due to increased homogeneity in progression patterns.DiscussionThe biomarker profile allows prediction of personalized trajectories of future cognitive progression. This enables accurate personalized prognosis in clinical care and better selection of patient populations for clinical trials. A web‐based application for prediction of patients’ future cognitive progression is available online.
New approach to develop functionalized polyelectrolyte tube using bacteria as template
Authors: Pawlak André , Belbekhouche Sabrina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein, we propose a new approach consisting of using bacteria as a starting point for the development of new material of interest. Indeed, we are interested in using bacteria as a template. We focus on Escherichia coli which are one of the best studied microorganisms. They are in the micrometer range size and present a tubular shape. We thus use E. coli cells as biotemplate for the design of polyelectrolyte tubes. Indeed, E. coli presents a negatively charged surface (−17 mV) which is then coated by charged polymer via the layer‐by‐layer process. We use chitosan as a polycation and a dextran sulfate as polyanion. First, we evidence the controlled coating of the surface of the bacteria via the measurement of zeta potential (+25 mV to −20 mV) and also by fluorescent microscopy using a fluorescently tagged polysaccharide (fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran). Secondly, we remove the bacteria core by using sodium hypochlorite and thus we obtain hollow polyelectrolyte tubes (dimensions of 1.1–1.5 μm × 2.0–6.0 μm). Such bioinspired materials are of major interest for a wide range of applications for the fabrication of polymeric tubes.
General guidelines for a successful joint determination of the diffusion and the partition coefficients in polymeric food contact materials based on optimal experimental design
Authors: Martinez‐Lopez Brais , Mauricio‐Iglesias Miguel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThree experimental methodologies that aim at giving general guidelines for a robust joint determination of the diffusion and the partition coefficients on polymeric food contact materials are presented and compared: One based on optimal experimental design, one based on taking samples at equally spaced concentrations, and one based on taking samples at equally spaced times. The three methodologies are tested for a wide range of mass transfer speeds (D between 0.0005 and 5 10−13 m2 s−1) and equilibrium conditions (K between 1 and 100), that mimic the behavior of high‐ and low‐barrier polymers, under constraints that affect the sampling technique (global or local measuring), maximum sampling number (3–5), minimum spacing between samples and maximum experiment time. Results show that even with slow kinetics (D ≈ 5∙10−15 m2 s−1), the joint determination is feasible under certain conditions, within a reasonable experiment running time and a lower uncertainty than the current recommendations given by the EU directive.
Modelling Critically Endangered marine species: Bias‐corrected citizen science data inform habitat suitability for the angelshark (Squatina squatina)
Authors: Noviello Nicola , McGonigle Christopher , Jacoby David M. P. , Meyers Eva K. M. , Jiménez‐Alvarado David , Barker Joanna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs an increasingly important resource in ecological research, citizen scientists have proven dynamic and cost‐effective in the supply of data for use within habitat suitability models. With predictions critical to the provision of effective conservation measures in cryptic marine species, this study delivers baseline ecological data for the Critically Endangered angelshark (Squatina squatina), exploring: (i) seasonal, sex‐differentiated distributions; (ii) environmental distribution predictors; and (iii) examining bias‐corrected, imperfect citizen science data for use in coastal habitat suitability models with cryptic species.Citizen science presence data, comprising over 60,000 hours of sampling effort, were used alongside carefully selected open‐source predictor variables, withmaxentgenerating seasonal male and female habitat suitability models for angelsharks in the Canary Islands. A biased prior method was used, alongside two model validation measures to ensure reliability.Citizen science data used withinmaxentsuggest that angelshark habitat suitability is low in coastal areas during warmer months, with fewer occurrences despite a negligible change in sampling effort. The prime importance of bathymetry may indicate the importance of depth for reproductive activity and possible diel vertical migration, whereas aspect may act as a proxy for sheltered habitats away from open ocean. Substrate as a predictor of female habitats in spring and summer could imply that soft sediment is sought for birthing areas, assisting in the identification of areas critical to reproductive activity and thus locations that may benefit from spatial protections.Model outputs to inform recovery plan development and ecotourism are identified as plausible safeguards of population recovery, whereas the comparison of biased and bias‐corrected models highlights some variance between methodologies, with bias‐corrected models producing greater areas of habitat suitability. Accordingly, an adaptive framework is provided for the implementation of citizen science data within the modelling of cryptic coastal species distribution.
An alternative analysis method for evaluating electromagnetic flowmeter performance
Authors: Beck Kade J. , Barfuss Steven L. , Sharp Zachary B. , Moon Todd K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe weight function method (WFM) is compared with the magnetohydrodynamics (MHDs) coupled solver approach for single‐point and multipoint magnetic flowmeters downstream of a distorted flow created by a long radius 90‐degree elbow. A review of the literature appears to indicate that researchers who are interested in magnetic flowmeter accuracy and performance either have been unaware of or not capable of analyzing magnetic flowmeters using the WFM. The study examines whether any differences are apparent between modeling the single‐point electrodes and omitting the electrodes from the model. The results of the study indicate differences less than 0.50% between the WFM and the MHD approach. The results also demonstrate that for single‐point flowmeters, modeling the electrodes is not necessary. This research eliminates the barrier of deriving a weight function to model magnetic flowmeters.Article Impact StatementAn alternative analysis method for magnetic flowmeters enables more researchers to evaluate their performance.
Tangeretin promotes lifespan associated with insulin/insulin‐like growth factor‐1 signaling pathway and heat resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Liu Yalei , Zhou Zhenyu , Yin Liufang , Zhu Mengnan , Wang Fei , Zhang Lijun , Wang Hongqing , Zhou Zhiqin , Zhu Huanhu , Huang Cheng , Fan Shengjie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTangeretin is a polymethoxylated flavonoid naturally occurred in citrus fruits with many pharmacological activities, such as anti‐inflammatory, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective properties. A previous study reported that tangeretin‐enriched orange extract could prolong the lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. However, the antiaging effect of tangeretin remains uncertain. In this study, we used the model organism C. elegans to conduct a lifespan test, observed the aging‐related functional changes of nematodes, the fluorescence changes of stress‐related proteins (DAF‐16 and HSP‐16.2) and its response to stress assay, and monitored the effect of tangeretin on the mRNA expression levels. The results showed that tangeretin supplementation (30 and 100 μM) extended the mean lifespan, slowed aging‐related functional declines, and increased the resistance against heat‐shock stress. Furthermore, tangeretin upregulated the mRNA expression of daf‐16, hsp‐16.2, and hsp‐16.49, promoted the nuclear localization of DAF‐16, and enhanced the fluorescence intensity of HSP‐16.2, while it had no effect on the lifespan of daf‐2, age‐1, and daf‐16 mutants. The current findings suggest that tangeretin can significantly extend the lifespan and enhance heat stress tolerance in an insulin/insulin‐like growth factor signaling dependent manner.
Integration of green and lean practices for sustainable business management
Authors: Singh Rajesh Kr , Kumar Mangla Sachin , Bhatia Manjot Singh , Luthra Sunil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe integrated implementation of lean and green systems can assist managers in achieving environmental and economic performance. The benefits of this integration include improved quality of the environment, superior interactions with channel partners and consumers, reduction in lead times and overall costs, and so forth. This research seeks to evaluate the solutions for integrated implementation of green and lean practices to overcome the barriers in the manufacturing industry. The barriers are categorized as managerial, technological, organizational and cultural, individual and quality barriers. In this study, a fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS based framework has been proposed. From the analysis, it is found that application of quality control tools, reduction in lead‐time, use of right first time approach and use of new technology and product innovations are the most significant among the solution alternatives that the manufacturing firms should consider to overcome obstacles in implementation of green and lean systems. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study to examine prominent solutions to overcome barriers with regard to integrated operation of green and lean performance. The ranking of the solutions will be useful for managers in the manufacturing firms to make best strategic decisions for reducing their waste and improving performance. Mangers can concentrate on the most prominent solutions and formulate the appropriate strategies accordingly.