bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring associational thinking through word embeddings
Authors: Periñán-Pascual Carlos 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe development of a model to quantify semantic similarity and relatedness between words has been the major focus of many studies in various fields, e.g. psychology, linguistics, and natural language processing. Unlike the measures proposed by most previous research, this article is aimed at estimating automatically the strength of associative words that can be semantically related or not. We demonstrate that the performance of the model depends not only on the combination of independently constructed word embeddings (namely, corpus- and network-based embeddings) but also on the way these word vectors interact. The research concludes that the weighted average of the cosine-similarity coefficients derived from independent word embeddings in a double vector space tends to yield high correlations with human judgements. Moreover, we demonstrate that evaluating word associations through a measure that relies on not only the rank ordering of word pairs but also the strength of associations can reveal some findings that go unnoticed by traditional measures such as Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlation coefficients.
A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis of the Way Peer Support Specialist Roles Change Over Time in a Psychiatric Hospital Setting in Asia
Authors: Poremski Daniel , Kuek Jonathan , Qi Yuan , Li Ziqiang , Yow Kah Lai , Eu Pui Wai , Chua Hong Choon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe current study seeks to determine how peer support roles change as peer support specialists’ positions within organizations and departments mature. We followed ten peer support specialists over the course of a year, interviewing them at three points, starting approximately three months after they began working as peer support specialists. We used an inductive process to analyze our data and followed guidelines on the structuring of longitudinal qualitative trajectories to divide the data into watershed moments. Our participants worked in a variety of departments in the hospital, and their service use experiences generally echo those of their service users. Participants appear to pass through four phases over the course of their employment as peers: early beginnings, establishing the role, role narrowing, and role sustainability. Services wishing to integrate new peers must be aware of the time required for integration. Having general job descriptions limited to specifying that peers are expected to use their lived experience to support current service users may lead to uncertainty amongst new and existing staff. Without role clarity, peers may struggle to find their place. Pairing new staff with mentors may limit this burden. As roles consolidate, boundaries may emerge. If these boundaries narrow the role of the PSS, they may no longer find the role appealing. They may then choose other caregiver roles with wider or different spheres of influence. Organizations may benefit by clearly indicating if they expect peer support positions to be static or transitionary.
Activity of preclinical and phase I clinical trial of a novel androgen receptor antagonist GT0918 in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Li Huiping , Song Guohong , Zhou Qiaoxia , Ran Ran , Jiang Hanfang , Zhang Ruyan , Liu Yaxin , Zhang Jiayang , Meng Luping , Ma Liandong , Sun Ye , Wang Meiyu , Zhou Qingqing , Yan Honghua , Zhou Qianxiang , Dong Xunwei , Tong Youzhi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate GT0918, a 2nd-generation AR antagonist, for its AR down-regulation activity among breast cancer patients.

Methods
The effect of GT0918 on AR protein expression was evaluated in AR expression breast cancer cells and in breast cancer xenograft model. A 3 + 3 phase I dose-escalation study was launched in Peking University Cancer Hospital. The endpoints included dose finding, safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity.

Results
GT0918 was demonstrated to effectively suppress the expression of AR protein and the growth of AR-positive breast cancer tumors in mouse xenograft tumor models. All patients treated with GT0918 were at a QD dose-escalation of five dose levels from 100 to 500 mg. The most common treatment-related AEs of any grade were asthenia, anemia, decreased appetite, increased blood cholesterol, increased blood triglycerides, decreased white blood cell count, and increased low-density lipoprotein. Grade 3 AEs were fatigue (2 of 18, 11.1%), aspartate aminotransferase increase (1 of 18, 5.6%), alanine aminotransferase increase (1 of 18, 5.6%), and neutrophil count decrease (1 of 18, 5.6%). Clinical benefit rate (CBR) in 16 weeks was 23.1% (3/13). Among 7 AR-positive patients, 6 can evaluate efficacy, and 2 completed 23.5- and 25-cycle treatment, respectively (as of 2020/1/20). PK parameters showed a fast absorption profile of GT0918 in the single-dose study. GT0918 and its major metabolite reached steady-state serum concentration levels at day 21 after multiple dosing.

Conclusion
GT0918 can effectively inhibit AR-positive breast cancer tumor growth. GT0918 was demonstrated well tolerated with a favorable PK profile. The suitable dose of GT0918 was 500 mg QD and may provide clinical benefits for AR-positive mBC.
Echocardiography and EuroSCORE II for the stratification of low-gradient severe aortic stenosis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Fan Yan , Shen Hong , Stacey Brandon , Zhao David , Applegate Robert J. , Kon Neal D. , Kincaid Edward H. , Gandhi Sanjay K. , Pu Min 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the utility of echocardiography and the EuroSCORE II in stratifying patients with low-gradient severe aortic stenosis (LG SAS) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥ 50%) with or without aortic valve intervention (AVI). The study included 323 patients with LG SAS (aortic valve area ≤ 1.0 cm2 and mean pressure gradient < 40 mmHg). Patients were divided into two groups: a high-risk group (EuroSCORE II ≥ 4%, n = 115) and a low-risk group (EuroSCORE II < 4%, n = 208). Echocardiographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed. All-cause mortality was used as a clinical outcome during mean follow-up of 2 ± 1.3 years. Two-year cumulative survival was significantly lower in the high-risk group than the low-risk patients (62.3% vs. 81.7%, p = 0.001). AVI tended to reduce mortality in the high-risk patients (70% vs. 59%; p = 0.065). It did not significantly reduce mortality in the low-risk patients (82.8% with AVI vs. 81.2%, p = 0.68). Multivariable analysis identified heart failure, renal dysfunction and stroke volume index (SVi) as independent predictors for mortality. The study suggested that individualization of AVI based on risk stratification could be considered in a patient with LG SAS and preserved LVEF.
Experiencing the community of inquiry framework using asynchronous online role-playing in computer-aided instruction class
Authors: Junus Kasiyah , Santoso Harry Budi , Ahmad Mubarik 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis current study investigates the use of online role-playing, in an online discussion forum, in learning the community of inquiry framework – an area of learning covered in the Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI) course, an elective course for Computer Science undergraduate students at Universitas Indonesia. The participants were divided into different roles. Each group was triggered to discuss the implementation of online collaborative learning. A mixed-methods approach was utilised to analyse the qualitative and quantitative data. The result of content analysis exhibited students implementing all the components of the CoI framework. Teaching presence was the rarest, as students were focused on delivering their ideas. Social presence appeared in almost all messages since it is the easiest, and students can feel the impact immediately. The discussion moved to the integration phase but did not proceed to resolution. This study suggested some recommendations and future research topics.
Glycans in autophagy, endocytosis and lysosomal functions
Authors: Reggiori Fulvio , Gabius Hans-Joachim , Aureli Massimo , Römer Winfried , Sonnino Sandro , Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGlycans have been shown to function as versatile molecular signals in cells. This prompted us to look at their roles in endocytosis, endolysosomal system and autophagy. We start by introducing the cell biological aspects of these pathways, the concept of the sugar code, and provide an overview on the role of glycans in the targeting of lysosomal proteins and in lysosomal functions. Moreover, we review evidence on the regulation of endocytosis and autophagy by glycans. Finally, we discuss the emerging concept that cytosolic exposure of luminal glycans, and their detection by endogenous lectins, provides a mechanism for the surveillance of the integrity of the endolysosomal compartments, and serves their eventual repair or disposal.
Speeding Up Reachability Queries in Public Transport Networks Using Graph Partitioning
Authors: Tesfaye Bezaye , Augsten Nikolaus , Pawlik Mateusz , Böhlen Michael H. , Jensen Christian S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractComputing path queries such as the shortest path in public transport networks is challenging because the path costs between nodes change over time. A reachability query from a node at a given start time on such a network retrieves all points of interest (POIs) that are reachable within a given cost budget. Reachability queries are essential building blocks in many applications, for example, group recommendations, ranking spatial queries, or geomarketing. We propose an efficient solution for reachability queries in public transport networks. Currently, there are two options to solve reachability queries. (1) Execute a modified version of Dijkstra’s algorithm that supports time-dependent edge traversal costs; this solution is slow since it must expand edge by edge and does not use an index. (2) Issue a separate path query for each single POI, i.e., a single reachability query requires answering many path queries. None of these solutions scales to large networks with many POIs. We propose a novel and lightweight reachability index. The key idea is to partition the network into cells. Then, in contrast to other approaches, we expand the network cell by cell. Empirical evaluations on synthetic and real-world networks confirm the efficiency and the effectiveness of our index-based reachability query solution.
Metabolic response of Botryococcus braunii to high bicarbonate dosages and other conditions: analysis of photosynthetic performance, productivity, and lipidomic profile
Authors: Giraldo Néstor David , Correa Sandra Marcela , Arbeláez Andrés , Figueroa Felix L. , Ríos-Estepa Rigoberto , Atehortúa Lucía 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study the metabolic responses of Botryococcus braunii were analyzed upon different inorganic carbon dosages and nutrient limitation conditions in terms of lipid and biomass productivity, as well as photosynthetic performance. The nutritional schemes evaluated included different levels of sodium bicarbonate and nitrogen and phosphorus starvation, which were contrasted against standard cultures fed with CO2. Bicarbonate was found to be an advantageous carbon source since high dosages caused a significant increase in biomass and lipid productivity, in addition to an enhanced photosynthetic quantum yield and neutral lipids abundance. This contrasts to the commonly used approach of microalgae nutrient limitation, which leads to high lipid accumulation at the expense of impaired cellular growth, causing a decline in overall lipid productivity. The lipidome analysis served to hypothesize about the influence of the nutritional context on B. braunii structural and storage lipid metabolism, besides the adaptive responses exhibited by cells that underwent nutrient stress.
Effect of dramatic alteration of landscape structure on the Orthoptera assemblages of Transcarpathian lowland meadows (West Ukraine)
Authors: Szanyi Sz. , Potish L. , Rácz I. A. , Varga Z. , Nagy A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTraditional and extensively used agricultural lands maintain and protect high levels of biological diversity. This diversity is in decline due to land use intensification and abandonment. Natural and semi-natural grasslands of the Carpathian lowlands have become endangered over the 19th century. However, some remains of former wetlands have survived land use change in the Bereg Region (North-eastern Hungary and Eastern Ukraine). We surveyed Orthopterans as sensitive indicators of habitat structure and microclimate in grasslands. We identified three different Orthoptera assemblages and their character species. Although rare and especially valuable species were not found in the studied sites, the species rich remains of wetlands still protected relics of former wildlife of wetlands. Understanding the quantitative character of the assemblages, ratios of life forms and particularly co-occurrences of their character species (Chorthippus dorsatus, Leptophyes albovittata, Tettigonia viridissimaandRuspolia nitidula) and use of Grasshopper Conservation Indexes (GCI) can help to identify remaining good quality patches with highest conservation value and monitoring.Implications for insect conservationThe focused management of these habitats with reconsideration of the traditional water management can be effective practice for wetland management and Orthoptera conservation.
Development of bioinks for 3D printing microporous, sintered calcium phosphate scaffolds
Authors: Montelongo Sergio A. , Chiou Gennifer , Ong Joo L. , Bizios Rena , Guda Teja 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBeta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-based bioinks were developed to support direct-ink 3D printing-based manufacturing of macroporous scaffolds. Binding of the gelatin:β-TCP ink compositions was optimized by adding carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to maximize the β-TCP content while maintaining printability. Post-sintering, the gelatin:β-TCP:CMC inks resulted in uniform grain size, uniform shrinkage of the printed structure, and included microporosity within the ceramic. The mechanical properties of the inks improved with increasing β-TCP content. The gelatin:β-TCP:CMC ink (25:75 gelatin:β-TCP and 3% CMC) optimized for mechanical strength was used to 3D print several architectures of macroporous scaffolds by varying the print nozzle tip diameter and pore spacing during the 3D printing process (compressive strength of 13.1 ± 2.51 MPa and elastic modulus of 696 ± 108 MPa was achieved). The sintered, macroporous β-TCP scaffolds demonstrated both high porosity and pore size but retained mechanical strength and stiffness compared to macroporous, calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds manufactured using alternative methods. The high interconnected porosity (45–60%) and fluid conductance (between 1.04 ×10−9 and 2.27 × 10−9 m4s/kg) of the β-TCP scaffolds tested, and the ability to finely tune the architecture using 3D printing, resulted in the development of novel bioink formulations and made available a versatile manufacturing process with broad applicability in producing substrates suitable for biomedical applications.
Genetic Analysis of a Cohort of 275 Patients with Hyper-IgE Syndromes and/or Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
Authors: Frede Natalie , Rojas-Restrepo Jessica , Caballero Garcia de Oteyza Andrés , Buchta Mary , Hübscher Katrin , Gámez-Díaz Laura , Proietti Michele , Saghafi Shiva , Chavoshzadeh Zahra , Soler-Palacin Pere , Galal Nermeen , Adeli Mehdi , Aldave-Becerra Juan Carlos , Al-Ddafari Moudjahed Saleh , Ardenyz Ömür , Atkinson T. Prescott , Kut Fulya Bektas , Çelmeli Fatih , Rees Helen , Kilic Sara S. , Kirovski Ilija , Klein Christoph , Kobbe Robin , Korganow Anne-Sophie , Lilic Desa , Lunt Peter , Makwana Niten , Metin Ayse , Özgür Tuba Turul , Karakas Ayse Akman , Seneviratne Suranjith , Sherkat Roya , Sousa Ana Berta , Unal Ekrem , Patiroglu Turkan , Wahn Volker , von Bernuth Horst , Whiteford Margo , Doffinger Rainer , Jouhadi Zineb , Grimbacher Bodo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHyper-IgE syndromes and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis constitute rare primary immunodeficiency syndromes with an overlapping clinical phenotype. In recent years, a growing number of underlying genetic defects have been identified. To characterize the underlying genetic defects in a large international cohort of 275 patients, of whom 211 had been clinically diagnosed with hyper-IgE syndrome and 64 with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, targeted panel sequencing was performed, relying on Agilent HaloPlex and Illumina MiSeq technologies. The targeted panel sequencing approach allowed us to identify 87 (32 novel and 55 previously described) mutations in 78 patients, which generated a diagnostic success rate of 28.4%. Specifically, mutations in DOCK8 (26 patients), STAT3 (21), STAT1 (15), CARD9 (6), AIRE (3), IL17RA (2), SPINK5 (3), ZNF341 (2), CARMIL2/RLTPR (1), IL12RB1 (1), and WAS (1) have been detected. The most common clinical findings in this cohort were elevated IgE (81.5%), eczema (71.7%), and eosinophilia (62.9%). Regarding infections, 54.7% of patients had a history of radiologically proven pneumonia, and 28.3% have had other serious infections. History of fungal infection was noted in 53% of cases and skin abscesses in 52.9%. Skeletal or dental abnormalities were observed in 46.2% of patients with a characteristic face being the most commonly reported feature (23.1%), followed by retained primary teeth in 18.9% of patients. Targeted panel sequencing provides a cost-effective first-line genetic screening method which allows for the identification of mutations also in patients with atypical clinical presentations and should be routinely implemented in referral centers.
Control on the Manifolds of Mappings with a View to the Deep Learning
Authors: Agrachev Andrei , Sarychev Andrey 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDeep learning of the artificial neural networks (ANN) can be treated as a particular class of interpolation problems. The goal is to find a neural network whose input-output map approximates well the desired map on a finite or an infinite training set. Our idea consists of taking as an approximant the input-output map, which arises from a nonlinear continuous-time control system. In the limit such control system can be seen as a network with a continuum of layers, each one labelled by the time variable. The values of the controls at each instant of time are the parameters of the layer.
Elder Mistreatment Victims during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Administrative Data from San Francisco Adult Protective Services
Authors: Liu Pi-Ju , Wang Aining , Schwab-Reese Laura M. , Stratton Sara K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study examined elder mistreatment victims’ experiences at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on their COVID-19 awareness and unmet needs. San Francisco Adult Protective Services (APS) caseworkers conducted phone interviews with clients or collaterals (client’s family, trusted other, or service provider) to inquire about clients’ awareness of COVID-19 and unmet needs. Nine-hundred-and-thirty-four (71%) of 1,313 APS’ past clients or their collaterals were interviewed, with 741 (79%) responding positively to COVID-19-awareness questions, and 697 (75%) having no unmet needs. Binary logistic regression with Firth adjusted maximum likelihood estimation method revealed that older persons (p < .05), self-neglectors (p < .05), and victims of neglect (p < .05) were less aware of COVID-19. Unmet needs varied by mistreatment type. Victims of isolation were more likely to have medical needs (p < .05), while victims of emotional abuse were more likely to report loneliness (p < .001). Case notes reflected clients who were well-prepared for the pandemic, versus those who required additional assistance to follow preventative measures of the COVID-19 pandemic to stay home. Although the majority of San Francisco APS’ past clients experienced no unmet needs at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the prolonged length and intensity of the pandemic could have exacerbated this vulnerable group’s situation. Collaboration between service providers is key in assisting victims experiencing unmet needs to live safely in a public health crisis, especially underserved victims of specific ethnic backgrounds.
Anti-fog nanocomposite coatings of enhanced durability
Authors: Momoli Riccardo , Giacomazzo Sujatha , Gandin Alessandro , Brusatin Giovanna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHighly porous nanocomposite films were produced at room temperature from SiO2 or TiO2–SiO2 solutions synthesized by a sol–gel route in the presence of oxide nanoparticles. The photocatalytic behavior of titania-based films was controlled at the sol synthesis step, through three parameters: the relative molar concentration between polymeric and condensed silica, the reactivity of the hydrolysis step, and the relative molar concentration of the active component. The reported method allowed ample tuneability of film refractive index, an important parameter for the design of antireflective and multifunctional coatings. Superhydrophilic properties were demonstrated by the samples and, notably, retained for over 30 days. Experimentally mimicking accelerated surface pollution with olive oil and stearic acid, a strong correlation was found between residual organic contamination, quantified by integrating the film absorption FT-IR spectrum over the C–Hn stretching area, and the measured water contact angle (WCA). Strategies for a fast surface cleaning and restoration of the superhydrophilic behavior via a mild oxidizing agent, based on UV exposure or immersion in a NaClO water solution, were investigated.
Long-term maize-Desmodium intercropping shifts structure and composition of soil microbiome with stronger impact on fungal communities
Authors: Mwakilili Aneth David , Mwaikono Kilaza Samson , Herrera Sebastian Larsson , Midega Charles A. O. , Magingo Francis , Alsanius Beatrix , Dekker Teun , Lyantagaye Sylvester Leonard 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Push–pull is an intercropping technology that is rapidly spreading among smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. The technology intercrops cereals with Desmodium to fight off stem borers, eliminate parasitic weeds, and improve soil fertility and yields of cereals. The above-ground components of push–pull cropping have been well investigated. However, the impact of the technology on the soil microbiome and the subsequent role of the microbiome on diverse ecosystem benefits are unknown. Here we describe the soil microbiome associated with maize—Desmodium intercropping in push–pull farming in comparison to long-term maize monoculture.

Methods
Soil samples were collected from long-term maize—Desmodium intercropping and maize monoculture plots at the international centre for insect physiology and ecology (ICIPE), Mbita, Kenya. Total DNA was extracted before16S rDNA and ITS sequencing and subsequent analysis on QIIME2 and R.

Results
Maize—Desmodium intercropping caused a strong divergence in the fungal microbiome, which was more diverse and species rich than monoculture plots. Fungal groups enriched in intercropping plots are linked to important ecosystem services, belonging to functional groups such as mycorrhiza, endophytes, saprophytes, decomposers and bioprotective fungi. Fewer fungal genera were enriched in monoculture plots, some of which were associated with plant pathogenesis and opportunistic infection in humans. In contrast, the impact of intercropping on soil bacterial communities was weak with few differences between intercropping and monoculture.

Conclusion
Maize—Desmodium intercropping diversifies fungal microbiomes and favors taxa associated with important ecosystem services including plant health, productivity and food safety.