bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of Lipid Extraction By Biomass Stages of Microalgae Aphanothece Halophytica Developed in Business Scale
Authors: Miriam L. R. Monisha , Kings Ajith J , Raj R. Edwin , Shyam K. Prakash , Viswanathan M. Adhi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Worldwide, people are accepting a sustainable, renewable and economical source for biofuel production without affecting the environmental concerns. Microalgae can overcome problems with reasonable solutions along with higher lipid content, carbon neutrality, biomass productivity and utilization of feed supplements. Picking a distinctive strain is vital and the value depends on its micro, macro nutrients and its photosynthesis efficiency. Extracting oil from the different phases of microalgal biomass is a tedious process. Presently, halophilic Aphanothece halophytica was mass cultivated in raceway ponds using organic and inorganic nutrients. Microalgal biomass was harvested using novel organic flocculant and oil extraction was done through wet and dry basis based on solvent polarity. The process parameters were optimized for maximum lipid productivity using RSM and the empirical model was significantly analysed by analysis of variance. In wet basis, maximum lipid yield was 29.3%, where the reaction temperature, reaction time, biomass-to-solvent ratio and mixing intensity are 68ºC, 190 min, 9:1 and 300 rpm respectively. In dry basis, lipid yield 27.5% was achieved using 12:1 biomass-to-solvent ratio and mixing intensity was 300 rpm for 190 min at 68ºC. Then, the lipid was characterized by GCMS to identify the fatty acid composition to identify the right combination of fatty acid profile for further studies.
GRHL2 is a Candidate Prognostic and Immunotherapy Biomarker in Breast Cancer
Authors: Bai Xiaoyu , Li Yue , Li Yanlei , Li Fan , Che Na , Ni Chunsheng , Zhao Nan , Zhao Xiulan , Liu Tieju 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy in women worldwide and the leading cause of female cancer‐associated death in the world. Thus, we need to identify new biomarkers to predict the prognosis of BC. In mammals, the Grainyhead-like (GRHL) family of transcription factors has three members, called Grainyhead-like 1 (GRHL1), Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) and Grainyhead-like 3 (GRHL3). GRHL2 contributes to epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation.Materials & Methods: In this study, we explored the expresstion of GRHL2 across multiple databases, including Oncomine, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), UALCAN, and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). PrognoScan, GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier plotter were utilized to analyze the prognostic value of GRHL2 in certain cancers. Based on TCGA data, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of GRHL2 expression. Using the GEPIA and TIMER databases, we investigated the correlations between GRHL2 expression and immune cell infiltration in breast cancer. In addition, the gene set enrichment analysis was performed to unveil the potential molecular mechanism of GRHL2 promoting breast cancer aggressiveness by using LinkedOmics and METASCAPE. Results: We demonstrated that tumor tissue had the higher expression level of GRHL2, compared with that in normal tissue. High expression of GRHL2 was associated with worse prognosis of breast cancer patients. ROC analysis indicated that GRHL2 had significant diagnostic value. Importantly, there were significant positive correlations between GRHL2 expression and immune infiltrates, including CD8+ T cells and macrophages in breast cancer. GRHL2 expression is regulated by methylation. Furthermore, KEGG and GO analysis showed GRHL2 related signaling pathways in breast cancer are related to tumor cells proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. Conclusion:In summary, we demonstrate that GRHL2 can be used as a prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker for breast cancer.
Ruang Publik dan Paradigma Pendidikan Integralistik: Dari Interaksi Komunikatif Menuju Implementasi Kurikulum Berbasis Perjumpaan
Authors: Alexander Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe public sphere is a meeting space. Various identities meet and interact. Each carries its pattern: instrumental-hierarchical, strategicmonological, or mutual-communicative. Equality in the last pattern is the basis for building relationships that are oriented towards realizing common goals which are formulated from the synthesis of ideas. This research shows that there is a gap between the idea of inter-particularities equality and the tendency of the respondents to prioritize group identities over efforts to create common welfare. This gap can be traced back to the design of the lectionary sermon which found a lack of discussion on the themes of the public space. Therefore, the author proposes analternative paradigmatic model that integrates all personal dimensions into the global-public dimension. A participatory approach that raises experiences in the context of community life is used as a starting point to mobilize the active participation of the people in testing the sermons relevance in the public space.
AbstrakRuang publik merupakan ruang perjumpaan. Berbagai identitas bertemu dan berinteraksi. Masing-masing membawa polanya: instrumental-hierarkis, strategis-monologis, atau mutual-komunikatif. Kesetaraan dalam pola terakhir merupakandasar untuk menjalin relasi yang berorientasi pada upaya mewujudkan tujuan bersama yang dirumuskan dari sintesa gagasan-gagasan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapatnya kesenjangan antara gagasan kesetaraan antarpartikularitas dengan kecenderungan umat responden yang mengutamakan identitas kelompok di atas upaya mewujudkan kemaslahatan bersama. Kesenjangan tersebut selanjutnya dirunut kembali pada rancangan khotbah leksionari dan dijumpai minimnya pembahasan mengenai tema-tema ruang publik. Oleh sebab itu, penulis mengusulkan sebuah model paradigmatik alternatif yang mengintegrasikan seluruh dimensi personal ke dalam dimensi publik global. Pendekatan partisipatori yang mengangkat pengalaman dalam konteks hidup bermasyarakat dipergunakan sebagai titik tolak guna memobilisir partisipasi aktif umat dalam mengujicobakan relevansi berita mimbar di ruang publik.
Water quality deterioration of reclaimed water produced by reverse osmosis process in large pilot-scale distribution systems of different pipe materials
Authors: Xu Xiyan , Cui Yong , Wang Zhangqing , Zhang Hongyu , Li Caifeng , Yu Kanghua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This work reports the effects of five pipe materials on reverse osmosis (RO)-reclaimed water quality in a large pilot-scale distribution system. These materials includes cast iron (CI), cast iron with cement-mortar lining (CML), stainless steel (SS), PVC, and PE. Long-term running tests for 96 hours are conducted with water quality parameters monitored online and analyzed offline. The results showed that red water appeared in CI pipe due to iron corrosion. The pH and TDS increased during the long-term test. Alkali–silica reaction in CML pipe led to a high increase of pH from 6.3 to 11.4, and TDS from 51 to 230 mg/L. Water quality deterioration was not observed in SS, PVC, and PE pipes. Residual chlorine decay occurred in all the five material pipes with the decay rate order of CI ≫ CML &gt; SS ≈ PVC ≈ PE. Ion concentration variation was also followed during the tests. Fe and Mn ions were detected in CI pipe and Ca, Si, Al, and S were detected in CML pipe. No detectable ion release was found in SS, PVC, and PE pipes. A kinetic model was postulated for the detected ion release with the mechanisms discussed in-depth.
Optimization of the sheet metal base of a toggle clamp using finite element method
Authors: Kauyuka Pendapala Kristof , Blessing Emmanuel Kodzo , Qiu Qian , Ayano Jeremiah Damilola , Liu Hanci 
Published: October 2021

Optimization relates to the ultimate yield strength and the maximum stress incident on the current model under critical working conditions and finds through iterative processing a way to compensate for the strength requirement without going beyond the desired mass limits. In this paper, the horizontal sheet metal base of a horizontal toggle clamp is optimised for mass reduction using the finite element analysis in the computer aided design software. The sheet metal base material is the ANSI32 Steel. In the design software, it is designed with the thickness of 7 mm and it is intended to support a workload of up to 750 N. The constraints were a fixed point added at all the holes and at the bottom surface of the sheet metal base. A number of iterations were made for the 750N loading force across the base plate to run the simulation. For optimization, the aim was to minimize the mass of the base plate. The design parameters were Von Mises, factor of safety and displacement. The variables were the slots’ width and material thickness along the mid-surface of the sheet metal. The mass was reduced by more than thirty per cent overall.
Change in Physical Activity and Function in Patients with Baseline Advanced Nondialysis CKD
Authors: Rampersad Christie , Darcel Joseph , Harasemiw Oksana , Brar Ranveer S. , Komenda Paul , Rigatto Claudio , Prasad Bhanu , Bohm Clara , Tangri Navdeep 
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives
Although progressive decline in physical activity and function are common in individuals with worsening CKD, little is known about the effect of dialysis initiation on physical activity. We assessed for any association of progression to dialysis in people with advanced CKD with temporal rates of change in physical activity and function.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Canadian Frailty Observation and Interventions Trial (CanFIT) participants with an eGFR of <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 were included. Outcomes included change in physical activity level, measured using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, and physical function, measured using the chair stand, 4-m gait speed, and grip strength tests. Generalized linear regression models were conducted to determine whether dialysis initiation was associated with greater decline in physical activity or function.

Results
Of 386 individuals, 162 progressed to dialysis. Both assessments were completed by 98% of individuals for the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, 86% for the chair stand test, 84% for the gait speed test, and 91% for the grip strength test. Median (interquartile range) interassessment follow-up was 427 (357–578) days for the “stable advanced CKD” group and 606 (428–1000) days for the “progressed to dialysis” group. Self-reported physical activity and gait speed significantly declined in both groups. Mean (SD) chair stand time increased from 20.8 (17.1) to 24.0 (21.0) seconds among patients with stable advanced CKD, and from 18.5 (15.4) to 27.4 (22.2) seconds among those who progressed to dialysis (adjusted difference in change, 5.2 seconds; 95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 9.7 seconds; P=0.02).

Conclusions
Patients with advanced CKD experience progressive declines in physical activity and function. Transition to dialysis is associated with accelerated decline in physical function, as measured by the chair stand test.
Optimization of Extraction Parameters of Ethanol Extracts of Propolis Samples Using Artificial Neural Network and Moth-Flame Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Gurgen Ayşenur , Serencam Huseyin , Kara Yakup , Can Zehra , Yıldız Sibel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, the optimum values of propolis ethanol extracts parameters were determined with the use of single and multi-objective optimization procedures. The euclidean distance approach was used in the multi-objective optimization process. Firstly, propolis was extracted using water with ethanol contents 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80% for 8, 10, 12, 16, 20 and 24 h. Then, total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities of all extracts were determined. With the obtained data a prediction model was produced with the use of artificial neural networks (ANN), and optimization was performed using a moth-flame (MFO) algorithm. The best prediction models for the TPC and FRAP were observed in 2-5-1 and 2-5-1 network architecture with the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values, 5.126 and 2.451%, respectively. For maximum TPC, the extraction parameters were determined as ethanol content 57.5% and extraction time 13.56 h. To maximize FRAP, the optimized extraction parameters were ethanol content 72.03% and extraction time 18.04 h. The optimum extraction conditions for both maximum values of the studied assays were ethanol content 70.03% and extraction time 16.93 h. The study concluded that the integrated ANN and MFO algorithm system can be used in single and multi-objective optimization of extraction parameters. The established optimization model can save time, money, labor and energy.
Methodology for Forecasting Revenues from the Sale of Innovative Products in the Domestic Tourism Market
Authors: Shulhina Liudmyla 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article presents a methodology for forecasting the expected sales of innovative tourism products in the domestic market. The principles of the product life cycle concept and consumer behavior theory are taken as starting points for calculating the sales volumes of an innovative product as well as the rate of its penetration into the market. A method of measuring the level of consumer commitment to a travel agency and its offerings is posited, and the relationship between the structure of the target market and market activity in purchasing tourist products is demonstrated. Deep market segmentation is applied to take into account the behavioral peculiarities of individual subsegments (Loyalists Market, Sympathizers Market, Qualified Market, Finders Market, Serviced Market, Possible Market, Potential Consumers Market, Perspective Market). Formulas are proposed for calculating the volume of each of the identified markets. An improved and adapted model for the tourist market (by E. Rogers and F. Bass) is used to calculate the diffusion rates of domestic tourist products. This methodology of forecasting the expected sales of innovative tourism products in the domestic market is empirically confirmed based on data on the domestic tourism market in the region of Vinnytsiya, Ukraine.
İncirli Köyü Martyrium Mozaikleri ve Hatay Mozaikleri Arasındaki Yeri
Authors: ÇELİK Ömer 
Published: October 2021

İncirli Köyü Martyrium Mozaikleri, Hatay İli, Kırıkhan İlçesi, İncirli Köyünde’dir. Martyrium da üç mekân tespit edilmiştir. Plan vermeyen mimari, düzensiz dere taşları ve kalker bloklarla yapılmıştır. Mekânlarda açığa çıkarılan mozaikler üç panodan meydana gelmiştir. Hatay genelinde kilise, bazilika veya martyrium kazılarında ortaya çıkarılan mozaiklerde cennet tasvirli konular sık işlendiği gibi dini olaylar, portreler, hayvan, bitki ve geometrik motifler de işlenmiştir. Hatay’da çıkarılan mozaiklerin kompozisyonlarının İncirli Köyü Martyrium Mozaikleri ile benzer yanları olduğu gibi farklılıkları da bulunmaktadır. Hatay’da bulunan sivil ve dini mekânlarda yapılan mozaik döşemelerindeki konu, kompozisyon, figür, motif ve bordürler incelendiğinde, İS 2. yüzyılda başlayan sanatsal süreç, Antakya’da bulunan diğer Doğu Roma mozaiklerinde ifade edildiği gibi İncirli Köyü Martyrium Mozaiği’nde de İS 6. yüzyıla kadar izlenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Antakya, İncirli, mozaik, martyrium.
A relevância da validação de uma sequência didática sobre gravidez na adolescência baseada na metodologia da problematização
Authors: Costa Rocha Jardim Cleidiane Aparecida , Marcelino Valéria Souza 
Published: October 2021

O uso de Sequências Didáticas em Ciências Naturais, associado a diferentes abordagens, é feito para favorecer o ensino. Entretanto, algumas críticas são feitas a esses procedimentos, por muitas vezes terem impactos insuficientes na aprendizagem. Submeter a Sequência Didática a uma validação é indicado para aumentar a eficiência desses recursos. Esse estudo qualitativo tem o objetivo de apresentar a validação de uma Sequência Didática sobre Gravidez na Adolescência, para aulas remotas, pautada na Metodologia da Problematização e com uso de tecnologias digitais. Esta pesquisa considera que uma Sequência Didática bem planejada e organizada, pode impactar positivamente a aprendizagem, sendo um recurso para os docentes que se veem diante do desafio de educar no século XXI. Tais profissionais têm a necessidade de se adequar às mudanças pelas quais a sociedade passa, a nível tecnológico, sem deixar de trabalhar problemas que impactam a educação há muitos anos, como a Gravidez na Adolescência, também nas aulas remotas. Para a validação três professoras de Biologia preencheram uma ficha avaliativa, a partir de seus conhecimentos de formação e de experiências profissionais. A análise das fichas preenchidas culminou em mudanças na Sequência Didática e sinalizaram que a validação pode impactar positivamente na aprendizagem.
CORRELATION OF CYCLICAL CHANGES IN ENDOMETRIUM AND UTERINE BLOOD FLOW WITH OVULATION, AND TO PREDICT THE APPROXIMATE TIME OF OVULATION
Authors: Mangal Archi , Arya Mahendra Kumar , Khatana Devendra Kumar , Singh Sheetal 
Published: October 2021

Background & Method: The study was carried out in the Department of Radio diagnosis, Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Indore with an aim to correlate of cyclical changes in endometrium and uterine blood flow with ovulation, and to predict the approximate time of ovulation.
Result: The study shows maximum numbers of cases (78%) have endometrial thickness more than 7 mm and most of them belongs to fertile group, while 22% cases have endometrial thickness less than 7mm and they all belong to infertile group. The study shows 66% of cases have 5 layered endometrial appearance and almost all of them were fertile and 34% cases have hazy 5 layered or no layering and most of them (14 out of 17) belongs to infertile group.
In this study 68% patients have multifocal endometrial blood supply and almost all of them are fertile while 32% patients have absent or sparse endometrial blood flow.
Conclusion: The advent of color flow imaging has enabled the detection of neovascularization and change in blood flow in endometrium and myometrium. In the study it was noted that 5 layered endometrium was present in almost all fertile cases while in infertile cases endometrium was single layer or hazy 5 layered, so it can be postulated that distinct 5 layered endometrium is associated with fruitful pregnancy outcome. It was also noted frequently in the study that endometrium thickness less than 7mm was commonly seen in infertile cases while patients having more than 7mm thick endometrium were from fertile group, so it can be postulated that good endometrial thickness provides more chances for fruitful pregnancy outcome.
Keywords: Endometrium, Uterine & Ovulation.
insuficiencia renal por leptospira: reporte de tres casos
Authors: Morales Contreras Carol , Arias Díaz Antonio , Simahan Lastra Nasly , Julio Barrios Emil 
Published: October 2021

La leptospirosis es una infección sistémica aguda, causada en la mayoría de los casos por la Espiroqueta Leptospira Interrogans, con un amplio espectro clínico. La edad de presentación es variable, siendo más frecuentemente afectado el grupo de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. En pediatría las características clínicas de mayor relevancia son alteraciones del sensorio, dificultad respiratoria e ictericia. Presentamos tres casos de pacientes con afección renal secundaria a leptospirosis y un resumen de la literatura relacionada. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2011; 2 (1): 111-115
Plasma Hydrogen Sulfide Is Positively Associated With Post-operative Survival in Patients Undergoing Surgical Revascularization
Authors: Longchamp Alban , MacArthur Michael R. , Trocha Kaspar , Ganahl Janine , Mann Charlotte G. , Kip Peter , King William W. , Sharma Gaurav , Tao Ming , Mitchell Sarah J. , Ditrói Tamás , Yang Jie , Nagy Péter , Ozaki C. Keith , Hine Christopher , Mitchell James R. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule and redox factor important for cardiovascular function. Deficiencies in its production or bioavailability are implicated in atherosclerotic disease. However, it is unknown if circulating H2S levels differ between vasculopaths and healthy individuals, and if so, whether H2S measurements can be used to predict surgical outcomes. Here, we examined: (1) Plasma H2S levels in patients undergoing vascular surgery and compared these to healthy controls, and (2) the association between H2S levels and mortality in a cohort of patients undergoing surgical revascularization.Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, open lower extremity revascularization or lower leg amputation were enrolled at a single institution. Peripheral blood was also collected from a matched control cohort of 20 patients without peripheral or coronary artery disease. Plasma H2S production capacity and sulfide concentration were measured using the lead acetate and monobromobimane methods, respectively.Results: Plasma H2S production capacity and plasma sulfide concentrations were reduced in patients with PAD (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.013, respectively). Patients that underwent surgical revascularization were divided into high vs. low H2S production capacity groups by median split. Patients in the low H2S production group had increased probability of mortality (p = 0.003). This association was robust to correction for potentially confounding variables using Cox proportional hazard models.Conclusion: Circulating H2S levels were lower in patients with atherosclerotic disease. Patients undergoing surgical revascularization with lower H2S production capacity, but not sulfide concentrations, had increased probability of mortality within 36 months post-surgery. This work provides insight on the role H2S plays as a diagnostic and potential therapeutic for cardiovascular disease.
The Ability of Near-Infrared Autofluorescence to Protect Parathyroid Gland Function During Thyroid Surgery: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhu Chun-Rong , Liu Hong , Yao Xin-Min , Wu Jian 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveWe conducted this meta-analysis to assess the ability of near-infrared autofluorescence to protect parathyroid gland function during thyroid surgery.MethodA systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library electronic databases for studies published up to February 2021. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also reviewed. Two authors independently assessed methodological quality and extracted the data. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall pooled variable and the weighted mean deviation. Publication bias in these studies was evaluated using the Egger’s and Begg’s tests.ResultSeven studies involving 1,480 patients were included in the analysis. Compared with patients in the naked eye group, the pooled relative risk of inadvertent parathyroid gland resection and parathyroid gland autotransplantation for the patients in the near-infrared autofluorescence group was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.26–0.9, p = 0.023) and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.09–1.68, p = 0.208), respectively. The pooled relative risk of hypocalcemia at 1 day postoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively for the patients in the near-infrared autofluorescence group was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.34–0.71, p &lt; 0.001) and 0.34 (95% CI, 0.06–2.03, p = 0.238) compared with patients in the naked eye group.ConclusionNear-infrared autofluorescence is significantly associated with a reduced risk of inadvertent parathyroid gland resection and hypocalcemia at 1 day postoperatively.