bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of multi-grounded source transient electromagnetic method in the detections of coal seam goafs in Gansu Province, China
Authors: Lu Kailiang , Li Xiu , Fan Ya'nan , Zhou Jianmei , Qi Zhipeng , Li Wenhan , Li He 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Unknown coal seam goafs will pose various safety hazards in construction and engineering designs, thus the accurate detections of coal seam goafs have become engineering problems that urgently require effective solutions. Multi-grounded source transient electromagnetic methods have the advantages of large detection depths and the easy deployment of emission sources. Therefore, they can be used for explorations in such complex areas as mountains, lakes and swamps. Previously, grounded source transient electromagnetic methods had only one emission source arranged on the surface, and were relatively rarely used in field explorations with multi-grounded sources. This study analyses the electromagnetic response differences between multi-grounded sources and a single-grounded source. The results reveal that the electromagnetic responses of multi-grounded sources were larger. Transient electromagnetic signals were be targeted using combinations of multi-grounded sources, which successfully strengthened the detection abilities. As a result, this study was able to achieve the goals of increasing the detection depths and improving the ability to distinguish geological anomalies. In addition, this research investigation referred to the theory of implicit functions and used the z components of the decay voltage to calculate the apparent resistivity. Finally, the results of the field data of a coal goaf located in Gansu Province, China, showed that the applied multi-grounded sources transient electromagnetic method could obtain higher resolution in coal seam goaf resistivity distribution information.
Structural and Functional Brain Imaging in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated With Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gandy Kellen , Scoggins Matthew A , Jacola Lisa M , Litten Molly , Reddick Wilburn E , Krull Kevin R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The effect of chemotherapy on brain development in long-term survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was systematically reviewed.

Methods
A systematic search of Pubmed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases was conducted to identify articles published between January 2000 and February 2020 that implemented magnetic resonance imaging to assess brain structure and function in pediatric ALL survivors (diagnosed younger than 21 years of age). The review included articles that were published on children diagnosed with ALL between 0 and 21 years of age and treated with chemotherapy-only protocols. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria described survivors on average of 5 years or more from diagnosis and were peer-reviewed articles and original studies.

Results
The search yielded 1975 articles with 23 articles meeting inclusion criteria. The review revealed that survivors had statistically significant alterations in brain anatomy, most commonly a smaller hippocampus and impaired microstructural white matter integrity in frontal brain regions. Survivors also had impaired brain function including lower brain network efficiency and altered resting state connectivity. Survivors also displayed widespread reductions in brain activation (ie, frontal, temporal, parietal brain regions) during cognitive tasks.

Conclusion
Although the neurotoxic effects of cancer treatment are reduced in the absence of cranial radiation, survivors treated on chemotherapy-only protocols still display long-term alterations in brain structure and function, which contribute to lifelong neurocognitive late effects.
Accessing vulnerable undocumented migrants through a healthcare clinic including a community outreach programme: a 12-year retrospective cohort study in Denmark
Authors: Knudtzen Fredrikke C , Mørk Lone , Nielsen Vibeke N , Astrup Birgitte S 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the healthcare needs of the increasing number of undocumented migrants in Europe. We aimed to gain knowledge about undocumented migrants use of a free healthcare clinic including an outreach programme in Denmark.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients registered in the database at the AmiAmi healthcare clinic in Fredericia, Denmark, 1 January 2006–30 July 2019.ResultsIn all, 579 patients from 47 different countries were included, of which 525 (90.7%) were cis-women (= assigned female sex at birth and identifies as female). They had a total of 3135 consultations (median 3, interquartile range 2–6), and 19% used the clinic over a period of &gt;2 years. In all, 820 consultations (26%) were done as part of the outreach programme, and the number of outreach contacts increased significantly over the study period (P &lt; 0.001). Of 738 tests for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), 76 (13.1%) patients were found positive for one or several STIs. Transgender women and cross-dressing men had significantly higher risk of STIs (25.8% vs 10.3%, P = 0.007) compared with cis-women. Of 94 patients referred to the public healthcare system, the majority (n = 64) was referred to the department of gynaecology during pregnancy or for induced abortion. A total of 52 patients (9.0%) reported being submitted to abuse or violence while in Denmark, and another 24 (4.1%) were registered as victims of human trafficking.ConclusionsOur results highlight the multifaceted healthcare needs of undocumented migrants, with an increasing use of healthcare services over the study period. It underlines the importance of outreach programmes to reach this patient group at their place of work or stay. Finally, it emphasizes that transgender female and cross-dressing male sex workers are an especially vulnerable group with higher risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other STIs compared with cis-women.
Rapid Review on the Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for the Treatment of Behavioral Health Disorders
Authors: Bellanti Dawn M , Kelber Marija S , Workman Don E , Beech Erin H , Belsher Brad E 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The Psychological Health Center of Excellence conducted a rapid review of the literature to investigate the effectiveness of behavioral health treatments (i.e., evidence-based psychotherapy and psychiatry) delivered in person compared to telehealth (TH; i.e., video teleconference and telephone).

Materials and Methods
The rapid review methods included a systematic search of a single database (PubMed), hand-searching of relevant systematic reviews, dual screening, single-person data abstraction verified by a second person, and dual risk of bias assessment. Due to heterogeneity across studies, no quantitative analyses were conducted.

Results
Twenty-two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), eight of which were non-inferiority trials, evaluated the effectiveness of TH via telephone or video teleconferencing compared to in-person (IP) delivery for patient populations with posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and mixed diagnoses. The majority of RCTs and all but one of the eight non-inferiority trials found that clinical outcomes did not differ between TH and IP treatment delivery. Two studies found that subgroups with higher symptom severity (hopelessness and anxiety disorders, respectively) in the TH group had worse treatment-related outcomes than IP participants with similar symptom profiles. The majority of studies found no significant differences in satisfaction with care, quality of the therapeutic alliance, or study discontinuation between TH and IP groups.

Conclusion
Based on evidence from 22 RCTs, the use of TH platforms, including video conference and telephone modalities, generally produces similar outcomes as face-to-face provision of psychotherapy and psychiatry services.
37 new validated planets in overlapping K2 campaigns
Authors: de Leon J P , Livingston J , Endl M , Cochran W D , Hirano T , García R A , Mathur S , Lam K W F , Korth J , Trani A A , Dai F , Díez Alonso E , Castro-González A , Fridlund M , Fukui A , Gandolfi D , Kabath P , Kuzuhara M , Luque R , Savel A B , Gill H , Dressing C , Giacalone S , Narita N , Palle E , Van Eylen V , Tamura M 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
We analysed 68 candidate planetary systems first identified during Campaigns 5 and 6 (C5 and C6) of the NASA K2 mission. We set out to validate these systems by using a suite of follow-up observations, including adaptive optics, speckle imaging, and reconnaissance spectroscopy. The overlap between C5 with C16 and C18, and C6 with C17, yields light curves with long baselines that allow us to measure the transit ephemeris very precisely, revisit single transit candidates identified in earlier campaigns, and search for additional transiting planets with longer periods not detectable in previous works. Using vespa, we compute false positive probabilities of less than 1 per cent for 37 candidates orbiting 29 unique host stars and hence statistically validate them as planets. These planets have a typical size of 2.2 R⊕ and orbital periods between 1.99 and 52.71 d. We highlight interesting systems including a sub-Neptune with the longest period detected by K2, sub-Saturns around F stars, several multiplanetary systems in a variety of architectures. These results show that a wealth of planetary systems still remains in the K2 data, some of which can be validated using minimal follow-up observations and taking advantage of analyses presented in previous catalogues.
Relativistic viscous accretion flow model for ULX sources: a case study for IC 342 X-1
Authors: Das Santabrata , Nandi Anuj , Agrawal Vivek K , Dihingia Indu Kalpa , Majumder Seshadri 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we develop a model formalism to study the structure of a relativistic, viscous, optically thin, advective accretion flow around a rotating black hole in presence of radiative coolings. We use this model to examine the physical parameters of the ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs), namely mass (MBH), spin (ak), and accretion rate (${\dot{m}}$), respectively. While doing this, we adopt a recently developed effective potential to mimic the space–time geometry around the rotating black holes. We solve the governing equations to obtain the shock-induced global accretion solutions in terms of ${\dot{m}}$ and viscosity parameter (α). Using shock properties, we compute the quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency (νQPO) of the post-shock matter (equivalently post-shock corona, hereafter PSC) pragmatically, when the shock front exhibits quasi-periodic variations. We also calculate the luminosity of the entire disc for these shock solutions. Employing our results, we find that the present formalism is potentially promising to account the observed νQPO and bolometric luminosity of a well-studied ULX source IC 342 X-1. Our findings further imply that the central source of IC 342 X-1 seems to be rapidly rotating and accretes matter at super-Eddington accretion rate provided IC 342 X-1 harbours a massive stellar mass black hole ($M_{\rm BH} \lt 100 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$) as indicated by the previous studies.
CosmoReionMC: a package for estimating cosmological and astrophysical parameters using CMB, Lyman-α absorption, and global 21 cm data
Authors: Chatterjee Atrideb , Choudhury Tirthankar Roy , Mitra Sourav 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)-based parameter estimation package, CosmoReionMC, to jointly constrain cosmological parameters of the Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model and the astrophysical parameters related to hydrogen reionization. The package is based on a previously developed physically motivated semi-analytical model for reionization, a similar semi-analytical model for computing the global 21 cm signal during the cosmic dawn and using an appropriately modified version of the publicly available camb for computing the CMB anisotropies. These calculations are then coupled to an MCMC ensemble sampler emcee to compute the posterior distributions of the model parameter. The model has 12 free parameters in total: five cosmological and seven related to the stellar populations. We constrain the parameters by matching the theoretical predictions with CMB data from Planck, observations related to the quasar absorption spectra, and, for the first time, the global 21 cm signal from EDGES. We find that incorporating the quasar spectra data in the analysis tightens the bounds on the electron scattering optical depth τ and consequently the normalization As of the primordial matter power spectrum (or equivalently σ8). Furthermore, when we include the EDGES data in the analysis, we find that an early population of metal-free stars with efficient radio emission is necessary to match the absorption amplitude. The CosmoReionMC package should have interesting future applications, e.g. probing non-standard extensions to the ΛCDM model.
BSCI-07. Multiomics characterization of brain metastases in multiple histologies identifies enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation as a promising therapeutic target
Authors: Fukumura Kazutaka , Malgulwar Prit Benny , Fischer Grant , Hu Xiaoding , Zhang Xiang , Yu Dihua , Debeb Bisrat , Davies Michael , Huse Jason 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Brain metastasis (BM) is a lethal complication from systematic malignant tumors, and the incidence is approximately 10–30% of patients with advanced cancer. Extensive genomic analyses with large sample sets and the following functional studies revealed clinically relevant characteristics for BMs. However, these studies have not identified specific abnormalities driving BM in multiple tumor histologies yet. To identify molecular pathogenesis and promising therapeutic targets shared across multiple histologies of BMs, we performed multiomics molecular profiling, along with functional studies using in vitro and in vivo BM models.

Methods
Frozen tissues of patient-matched BMs and primary tumors (or extracranial metastases) from breast cancer (N= 14), lung cancer (N = 14) and renal cell carcinomas (N = 7) patients were carried out whole-exome sequencing, mRNA-Seq and reverse-phase protein array. Paired parental and brain metastatic derivatives of MDA-MB-231 and BT474 were examined to assess findings from the multiomics datasets. SCID/beige mice were inoculated with MDA-IBC3 cells via tail vein injection and administered an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor by oral gavage daily for 96 days.

Results
The multiomics molecular profiling identified enrichment of OXPHOS shared across the histologies of BMs. Brain metastatic derivative cell lines also demonstrated enhanced oxidative metabolism, along with the sensitivity to an OXPHOS inhibitor. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed that OXPHOS inhibition significantly impaired the formation of BM, and fresh brain metastatic derivatives from the murine BM model exhibited the higher oxidative metabolism and sensitivity to the OXPHOS inhibitor as with the prior in vitro studies.

Conclusions
Our multiomics characterization of BMs demonstrates heightened oxidative metabolism shared across the multiple histologies, and the OXPHOS inhibition affects more effectively for brain metastatic derivatives rather than the parentals. Further investigation focusing on metabolic abnormalities in BM will likely develop promising therapeutic strategies against BMs.
TRLS-03. Intracranial activity of tepotinib in patients with MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping NSCLC enrolled in VISION
Authors: Bestvina Christine M , Le Xiuning , Veillon Remi , Anderson Ian , Patel Jyoti , Demedts Ingel , Garassino Marina , Mazières Julien , Morise Masahiro , Smit Egbert , Eggleton S Peter , O’Brate Aurora , Otto Gordon , Bruns Rolf , Schumacher Karl Maria , Paik Paul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Brain metastases (BMs) are reported in 20–40% patients with METex14 skipping NSCLC. Tepotinib, a highly selective MET inhibitor, has demonstrated an objective response rate (ORR) of 45% and median duration of response (mDOR) of 11.1 months, in METex14 skipping NSCLC patients in Cohort A of the Phase II VISION study. Here, we report the intracranial activity of tepotinib in Cohort A.

Methods
Patients received oral tepotinib 500 mg QD. Study eligibility allowed for patients with BM (asymptomatic and symptomatic/stable). Primary endpoint: systemic objective response (RECIST v1.1); subgroup analysis in patients with BM (RECIST v1.1) was predefined.
An ad hoc retrospective analysis of brain lesions (by CT/MRI) was conducted by an IRC using Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Brain Metastases (RANO-BM) criteria. Responses were determined in patients with ≥1 evaluable post-baseline tumor assessment. For non-measurable lesions (enhancing and non-enhancing non-target lesions [NTL]), disease control in the brain was defined as non-complete response/non-progressive disease. Data cut-off: July 1, 2020.

Results
Twenty-three patients had baseline BM. Systemic efficacy in patients with BM (ORR 47.8% [95% CI: 26.8, 69.4]; mDOR 9.5 months [95% CI: 5.5, not estimable]) was consistent with the overall population.
Fifteen patients were evaluable by RANO-BM; 12 received prior radiotherapy for BM (median 6.4 weeks before treatment). Systemic best objective responses (BORs) were partial response (PR, n=9), stable disease (SD, n=3), and progressive disease (PD; n=3).
Of seven patients with measurable CNS disease (all of whom received prior radiotherapy), intracranial BORs were PR (n=5), SD (n=1), and PD (n=1). For patients with NTL only (n=8), one had PD, and seven achieved intracranial disease control with three patients achieving CR of the enhancing NTL.

Conclusions
Tepotinib demonstrated intracranial activity in patients with METex14 skipping NSCLC with BM. Prospective evaluation of intracranial activity in VISION Cohort C is ongoing.
LMD-02. Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion for Metastatic Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: Palliative, Procedural and Oncologic Outcomes
Authors: Bander Evan D , Yuan Melissa , Reiner Anne S , Garton Andrew , Panageas Katherine S , Brennan Cameron W , Tabar Viviane , Moss Nelson S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) occurs in 3–5% of patients with solid metastatic tumors and often portends a severe prognosis including symptomatic hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting can provide symptomatic relief in this patient subset; however, few studies have examined the role of shunting in the palliation, prognosis and overall oncologic care of these patients.

Objective
To identify and evaluate risk factors associated with prognosis after CSF diversion and assess surgical, symptomatic and oncologic outcomes in this population.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on patients with solid-malignancy LMD treated with a shunt at an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center between 2010–2019.

Results
One hundred and ninety patients with metastatic LMD underwent CSF diversion. Overall survival was 4.14 months from LMD diagnosis (95%CI:3.29–4.70) and 2.43 months (95%CI:2.01–3.09) from shunting. KPS at time of shunting and BrM number at LMD diagnosis demonstrated significant associations with survival (HR=0.66; 95%CI[0.51–0.86], p=0.002; HR=1.40; 95%CI[1.01–1.93] per 10 BrM, p=0.04, respectively). Eighty-three percent of patients experienced symptomatic relief, and 79% were discharged home or to rehabilitation facilities post-shunting. Post-shunt, 56% of patients received additional systemic therapy or started or completed WBRT. Complications included infection (5%), symptomatic subdural hygroma/hematoma (6.3%), and shunt externalization/removal/repair (8%). Abdominal seeding was not identified.

Conclusions
CSF diversion for LMD with hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension secondary to metastasis can achieve symptomatic relief, hospital discharge, and return to further oncologic therapy, with a complication profile unique to this pathophysiology. However, decision-making in this population must incorporate end-of-life goals of care given limited prognosis.
LMD-04. FLAIR hyperintensity along the brainstem surface in leptomeningeal metastases: a case series and literature review
Authors: Mitsuya Koichi , Nakasu Yoko , Deguchi Shoichi , Shirata Kensei , Asakura Koiku , Kazuaki Nakashima , Takahashi Toshiaki , Nakamasa Hayashi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The incidence of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is underestimated because of its non-specific signs and the low sensitivity of clinical diagnostic modalities. Cerebrospinal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with and without contrast enhancement (CE) is a gold standard for the neuroradiological assessment of patients with suspected LM. Previous studies suggested that some LM cases show changes of the brainstem surface on non-contrast MR images without or before the appearance of abnormalities on CE images. We assessed the features of this non-contrast MR finding in a cohort of LM patients in this retrospective single-institution study.

Methods
We reviewed head MR images and clinical data of 142 consecutive patients in whom the final diagnosis was LM.

Results
We found that 11 of these 142 patients (7.7%) with LM had band-like hyperintensity on the brainstem surface on non-enhanced FLAIR images, which looked like bloomy rind on cheese. Three of seven patients who were examined using diffusion-weighted imaging showed restricted diffusion in the corresponding lesion site. The above-mentioned 11 patients included 10 women and 1 man, with a median age of 61 years. All 11 patients had primary lung adenocarcinoma. Seven patients had symptomatic hydrocephalus. Ten patients had EGFR-mutated and one had ALK-rearrangement adenocarcinomas. Before the diagnosis of LM, 10 patients had undergone systemic therapy with EGFR-TKI or pemetrexed, and 1 patient with ALK inhibitor and bevacizumab.

Conclusions
We present a series of patients with bloomy rind sign that is non-enhancing LM reliably detected by FLAIR hyperintensity on the brainstem surface. This finding is rare, but may reflect the spread of cancer cells in both the leptomeningeal membrane and the surface of the brain parenchyma specifically in patients with lung adenocarcinomas. Further study is needed to determine the clinical significance of this sign.