bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacto da pandemia COVID-19 na prevalência de burnout entre residentes em ortopedia
Authors: Barreto Tainara Machado , Tavares Matheus Rizério , Azi Matheus Lemos , Azi Liana Maria Torres Araujo , Sadgursky David , Alencar Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Resumo
Objetivo O objetivo principal do presente estudo é avaliar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre residentes de ortopedia Como objetivo secundário, foram avaliadas características associadas ao risco de desenvolver a forma grave da síndrome.
Método No presente estudo transversal, foram avaliados residentes antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Estudantes de medicina formaram um grupo de controle. Os participantes responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao Inventário Maslach Burnout, e à versão validada brasileira do Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). Cinquenta e dois residentes foram avaliados antes da pandemia e 19 durante a pandemia.
Resultados Quarenta e quatro (84,6%) residentes tinham critérios para síndrome de burnout, e a forma grave da síndrome estava presente em 16 (30,7%). Não houve alteração significativa nos escores avaliados após o início da pandemia de COVID-19. Também não houve aumento na prevalência da síndrome de burnout ou da forma grave da síndrome. Observou-se correlação negativa entre os itens SF-36 e o desenvolvimento da forma grave da síndrome de burnout.
Conclusão A prevalência da síndrome de burnout e da forma grave da doença foi muito alta entre os residentes em cirurgia ortopédica. A pandemia de COVID-19 não aumentou o burnout nos residentes.
Condroma intramuscular extraesquelético do joelho – Relato de caso e revisão da literatura
Authors: Zacharia Balaji , Poulose Sanoj , Kurup Govind Sukumara , Pawaskar Siddarth Mahesh 
Published: September 2021

ResumoOs condromas extraesqueléticos são pequenas lesões cartilaginosas nodulares que não estão aderidas ao osso ou ao periósteo. São tumores raros que ocorrem comumente nas mãos e nos pés. Objetivo deste artigo é descrever um caso de condroma intramuscular extraesquelético (CIE) no joelho esquerdo e os desafios diagnósticos que enfrentamos.Uma paciente de 25 anos apresentou um edema de crescimento lento no joelho esquerdo havia 2 anos. Clinicamente, o edema era proveniente do músculo quadríceps. Foram consideradas possibilidades como rabdomioma, neurofibroma, e lipoma intramuscular. Os estudos de imagem sugeriram um tumor de gordura benigno. A paciente foi tratada com a excisão cirúrgica. A microscopia indicou CIE sem recorrência.O CIE é uma lesão rara. Clinicamente, pode ter aspecto semelhante ao de outros tumores benignos dos tecidos moles. A histopatologia pode fornecer um diagnóstico definitivo. A excisão cirúrgica do tumor é curativa.
Técnica WALANT guiada por ultrassom na cirurgia de descompressão do túnel do carpo
Authors: Moreira Sandro B. , Chagas Danilo C. , Yamashita Caetano T. 
Published: September 2021

ResumoA síndrome do túnel do carpo (STC) é a neuropatia compressiva mais comum do corpo humano. Seus sintomas decorrem da compressão do nervo mediano no carpo. O tratamento pode ser incruento, com medicações e/ou infiltrações que amenizam os sintomas, ou cruento, mais eficaz, com a descompressão do nervo mediano pela seção cirúrgica do retináculo dos flexores do carpo. A técnica anestésica varia de acordo com o serviço de anestesia: sedação, anestesia locorregional venosa e, mais recentemente, a anestesia local com o paciente acordado e sem torniquete (wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet, WALANT), que pode ser realizada pelo próprio cirurgião. Por utilizar anestesia local com vasoconstritor, essa técnica dispensa o uso de torniquete no membro superior e a necessidade de sedação. O bloqueio do nervo mediano na WALANT guiada por ultrassonografia confere melhor precisão à técnica, e mais segurança ao paciente, e, neste artigo seu uso na realização da descompressão do túnel do carpo é descrito, e a literatura, revisada.
Structural analysis of receptors and actin polarity in platelet protrusions
Authors: Sorrentino Simona , Conesa Jose Javier , Cuervo Ana , Melero Roberto , Martins Bruno , Fernandez-Gimenez Estrella , de Isidro-Gomez Federico P. , de la Morena Jimenez , Studt Jan-Dirk , Sorzano Carlos Oscar S. , Eibauer Matthias , Carazo Jose Maria , Medalia Ohad 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Platelet activation induces reorganization of the cell and the formation of cellular protrusions, pseudopodia. These processes are accompanied by remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and the activation of platelet integrins, which mediate strong adhesion to the extracellular matrix. In this work, we analyzed the actin polarity and integrin architecture in pseudopodia. A nonuniform polarity of actin filaments in pseudopodia indicates that these protrusions may be involved in contractile acto-myosin forces. Heterogeneity in integrin conformation was found, while solely a bent integrin structure was resolved, ∼50 to 70 nm above the support.
Are policy tools and governance modes coupled? Analysing welfare-to-work reform at the frontline
Authors: Lewis Jenny M , Nguyen Phuc , Considine Mark 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThis paper considers the link between policy tools and governance modes – the characteristic ways frontline staff are meta-governed. It asks: Are substantive policy tools coupled to procedural tools (governance modes) that can guide local service delivery agencies and the work of individuals delivering welfare services? The substantive policy tools in this case are those typically utilised to reform welfare-to-work services: contracting-out of services and competitive tendering, and the regulation of quasi-markets. These are hypothesised to flow through to procedural policy tools in the form of corporate and market incentives and regulatory (bureaucratic) methods that shape how work is done (governance modes), privileging certain practice orientations at the frontline. Policy makers seek to shape these meta-level governance modes because they should result in systemic change, based on a reconfiguration of policy actors and their interrelationships, for both service delivery agencies and the individuals working in them. We identified four ideal-type governance modes (bureaucratic, corporate, market and network) and tracked which of these were dominant in-practice at the frontline in Australia and the UK at two levels: office and personal, at four points in time (1998, 2008, 2012 and 2016). We found that the dominant mode of organisation at the office level was corporate, followed by bureaucratic in both nations. But the bureaucratic mode had grown in strength over time, particularly in Australia, and as a personal priority for staff, as re-regulation occurred. The results indicate a coupling between substantive policy tools and governance modes at the frontline of welfare-to-work.
Should long-term climate change adaptation be focused on smallholders?
Authors: Bukchin-Peles Shira , Fishman Ram 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Smallholder agriculture employs the majority of the global poor and produces substantial shares of food in developing countries while also being highly vulnerable to environmental change. This makes it a focus of numerous policies for increased productivity and climate change adaptation. Given demographic and economic processes that are likely to reduce smallholder prevalence, how justified is this focus from a long-term perspective? We estimate future global smallholder distributions using historical trends and demographic projections and calculate indices of its future share of climate change impacts. While past trends of decreasing farm size are likely to reverse in Asia and slow down in Africa, we project smallholders will continue to occupy substantial shares of rural populations and cultivated land and bear a sizable portion of climate change impacts, amounting for about 33% (25%) of an index of human exposure to 1 °C (2 °C) warming. However, increased economic possibilities in rural areas can rapidly attenuate these assessments.
Debris flow velocity due to the collapse of natural dam
Authors: Salahuddin S , Maricar F , Lopa R T , Hatta M P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Natural dam on Way Ela river was a landslide formation of Ulakhatu mount located at Negeri lima village, Distric Leihutu, Ambon island on 13th July 2012. The natural dam blockage the valley for 300 m wide and 200 m height with total 1,000 m dam area and providing 87 million m3 volume of water storage. Slope failure trigger by slide area on the deeper surface structure leading to landslide. High risk landside increased by the high rainfall intensity of 432 mm/day and causing the failure of natural dam Way Ela. This study aimed to analyse debris flow velocity of the landslide of natural dam. Analysis performed based on debris during using geometric slope with empirical model system. PMF Syndrer-Alexeyev and GAMA-1 method and PMP frequency analysis equation method demonstrated that rainfall intensity data along with recurrent period of 100 years of Qpeak resulting debit volume of 448.85 m3/d. Furthermore, velocity estimation also showed that on 215.66 elevation high, allowable slope degree of (i) 0,005 %, average width of Way Ela river of 79.97 m and Manning’s grain roughness of 0.004 μm would resulting debris flow velocity of 10.98 m/s, and distance from the landslide centre point to the river mouth was 2.5 km. Those data leading to achieve arrival flow time to the residential area of 3.8 minutes. This study results potential as a base data for disaster mitigation due to high risk of debris flow velocity presented by Way Ela river.
Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Kidney Function in Participants of the ASPREE Trial
Authors: Ernst Michael E , Fravel Michelle A , Webb Katherine L , Wetmore James B , Wolfe Rory , Chowdhury Enayet , Reid Christopher M , Woods Robyn L , Beilin Lawrence , Margolis Karen L , Murray Anne M , Polkinghorne Kevan R 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Whether long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) predicts kidney function decline in generally healthy older adults is unknown. We investigated this association in ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial participants.

Methods
Between 2010 and 2014, Australian and US individuals aged ≥70 years (≥65 if US minority) were recruited and followed with annual study visits for a median of 4.7 years. Time-to-event analyses and linear mixed effects models were used to examine associations between incident chronic kidney disease (CKD), and trajectories of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and log albumin–creatinine ratio (log ACR) with systolic BPV as a continuous measure, and, by tertile of SD of systolic blood pressure (BP). BPV was estimated using systolic BP measures from baseline through the second annual visit, and kidney outcomes were assessed following this period.

Results
Incident CKD occurred in 1,829 of 6,759 participants (27.2%), and more commonly in BPV tertiles 2 (27.4%) and 3 (28.3%) than tertile 1 (25.5%); however, the risk was not significantly increased after covariate adjustment (tertile 3 hazard ratio = 1.02; 95% confidence interval: 0.91–1.14). Analysis of eGFR (n = 16,193) and log ACR trajectories (n = 15,213) showed individuals in the highest BPV tertile having the lowest eGFR and highest log ACR, cross-sectionally. However, the trajectories of eGFR and log ACR did not differ across BPV tertiles.

Conclusions
CKD and markers of reduced kidney function occur more commonly in individuals with higher BPV; however, BPV does not influence trajectory of decline in kidney function over time in older adults who are in generally good health.

Clinical trials registration
Trial Number NCT01038583 and ISRCTN83772183.
National time trends in mortality and graft survival following liver transplantation from circulatory death or brainstem death donors
Authors: Wallace David , Cowling Thomas E , Suddle Abid , Gimson Alex , Rowe Ian , Callaghan Chris , Sapisochin Gonzalo , Ivanics Tommy , Claasen Marco , Mehta Neil , Heaton Nigel , van der Meulen Jan , Walker Kate 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite high waiting list mortality rates, concern still exists on the appropriateness of using livers donated after circulatory death (DCD). We compared mortality and graft loss in recipients of livers donated after circulatory or brainstem death (DBD) across two successive time periods.

Methods
Observational multinational data from the United Kingdom and Ireland were partitioned into two time periods (2008–2011 and 2012–2016). Cox regression methods were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the impact of periods on post-transplant mortality and graft failure.

Results
A total of 1176 DCD recipients and 3749 DBD recipients were included. Three-year patient mortality rates decreased markedly from 19.6 per cent in time period 1 to 10.4 per cent in time period 2 (adjusted HR 0.43, 95 per cent c.i. 0.30 to 0.62; P &lt; 0.001) for DCD recipients but only decreased from 12.8 to 11.3 per cent (adjusted HR 0.96, 95 per cent c.i. 0.78 to 1.19; P = 0.732) in DBD recipients (P for interaction = 0.001). No time period-specific improvements in 3-year graft failure were observed for DCD (adjusted HR 0.80, 95% c.i. 0.61 to 1.05; P = 0.116) or DBD recipients (adjusted HR 0.95, 95% c.i. 0.79 to 1.14; P = 0.607). A slight increase in retransplantation rates occurred between time period 1 and 2 in those who received a DCD liver (from 7.3 to 11.8 per cent; P = 0.042), but there was no change in those receiving a DBD liver (from 4.9 to 4.5 per cent; P = 0.365). In time period 2, no difference in mortality rates between those receiving a DCD liver and those receiving a DBD liver was observed (adjusted HR 0.78, 95% c.i. 0.56 to 1.09; P = 0.142).

Conclusion
Mortality rates more than halved in recipients of a DCD liver over a decade and eventually compared similarly to mortality rates in recipients of a DBD liver. Regions with high waiting list mortality may mitigate this by use of DCD livers.
A genetic link between risk for Alzheimer's disease and severe COVID-19 outcomes via the OAS1 gene
Authors: Magusali Naciye , Graham Andrew C , Piers Thomas M , Panichnantakul Pantila , Yaman Umran , Shoai Maryam , Reynolds Regina H , Botia Juan A , Brookes Keeley J , Guetta-Baranes Tamar , Bellou Eftychia , Bayram Sevinc , Sokolova Dimitra , Ryten Mina , Sala Frigerio Carlo , Escott-Price Valentina , Morgan Kevin , Pocock Jennifer M , Hardy John , Salih Dervis A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recently, we reported oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) contributed to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, by its enrichment in transcriptional networks expressed by microglia. However, the function of OAS1 within microglia was not known.
Using genotyping from 1313 individuals with sporadic Alzheimer’s disease and 1234 control individuals, we confirm the OAS1 variant, rs1131454, is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease. The same OAS1 locus has been recently associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, linking risk for both diseases. The single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1131454(A) and rs4766676(T) are associated with Alzheimer’s disease, and rs10735079(A) and rs6489867(T) are associated with severe COVID-19, where the risk alleles are linked with decreased OAS1 expression. Analysing single-cell RNA-sequencing data of myeloid cells from Alzheimer’s disease and COVID-19 patients, we identify co-expression networks containing interferon (IFN)-responsive genes, including OAS1, which are significantly upregulated with age and both diseases. In human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia with lowered OAS1 expression, we show exaggerated production of TNF-α with IFN-γ stimulation, indicating OAS1 is required to limit the pro-inflammatory response of myeloid cells.
Collectively, our data support a link between genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease and susceptibility to critical illness with COVID-19 centred on OAS1, a finding with potential implications for future treatments of Alzheimer’s disease and COVID-19, and development of biomarkers to track disease progression.
Mentorship, Critical Autoethnography and the Practices of Self-Reflexivity: Investing in an Academy that Does Not Yet Exist
Authors: Cepeda María Elena 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
I explore the topic of mentorship as a powerful form of feminist contestation from within, particularly for students and faculty of color. Inspired by the scholarship of women of color Communications and Media Studies scholars and specifically the literature on critical autoethnography, I argue for a more self-reflexive approach to mentoring rooted in an awareness of the dynamics of power and in-/exclusion embedded in the smallest of everyday exchanges. I assert that critical autoethnography can serve as a powerful analytical tool for highlighting and contesting historic asymmetries of power within Media Studies, Communications and beyond, in a self-reflexive manner that can radically transform our mentorship and pedagogical practices.
Social Relationship Strength Modulates the Similarity of Brain-to-Brain Representations of Group Members
Authors: Guthrie Taylor D , Benadjaoud Youri Y , Chavez Robert S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Within our societies, humans form co-operative groups with diverse levels of relationship quality among individual group members. In establishing relationships with others, we use attitudes and beliefs about group members and the group as a whole to establish relationships with particular members of our social networks. However, we have yet to understand how brain responses to group members facilitate relationship quality between pairs of individuals. We address this here using a round-robin interpersonal perception paradigm in which each participant was both a perceiver and target for every other member of their group in a set of 20 unique groups of between 5 and 6 members in each (total N = 111). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show that measures of social relationship strength modulate the brain-to-brain multivoxel similarity patterns between pairs of participants’ responses when perceiving other members of their group in regions of the brain implicated in social cognition. These results provide evidence for a brain mechanism of social cognitive processes serving interpersonal relationship strength among group members.
Ant Cat Swarm Optimization-Enabled Deep Recurrent Neural Network for Big Data Classification Based on Map Reduce Framework
Authors: Narayana Satyala , Chandanapalli Suresh Babu , Rao Mekala Srinivasa , Srinivas Kalyanapu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The amount of data generated is increasing day by day due to the development in remote sensors, and thus it needs concern to increase the accuracy in the classification of the big data. Many classification methods are in practice; however, they limit due to many reasons like its nature for data loss, time complexity, efficiency and accuracy. This paper proposes an effective and optimal data classification approach using the proposed Ant Cat Swarm Optimization-enabled Deep Recurrent Neural Network (ACSO-enabled Deep RNN) by Map Reduce framework, which is the incorporation of Ant Lion Optimization approach and the Cat Swarm Optimization technique. To process feature selection and big data classification, Map Reduce framework is used. The feature selection is performed using Pearson correlation-based Black hole entropy fuzzy clustering. The classification in reducer part is performed using Deep RNN that is trained using a developed ACSO scheme. It classifies the big data based on the reduced dimension features to produce a satisfactory result. The proposed ACSO-based Deep RNN showed improved results with maximal specificity of 0.884, highest accuracy of 0.893, maximal sensitivity of 0.900 and the maximum threat score of 0.827 based on the Cleveland dataset.
Border Collie Cat Optimization for Intrusion Detection System in Healthcare IoT Network Using Deep Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Chandol Mohan Kumar , Rao M Kameswara 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Attacks are the major problems in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications and communication networks. The undetected intruders affect the availability of the system for end-users, increase identity theft and data breaches. Hence, it is required to detect the attacks in the IoT systems to ensure effective defense and security. In this research, the Border Collie Cat Optimization-based Deep Recurrent Neural Network is proposed to detect intrusion in the IoT networks. Here, the proposed Border Collie Cat Optimization algorithm is derived by the integration of Border Collie Optimization and Cat Swarm Optimization. At first, the messages are authenticated at the authentication phase using the hashing and encryption function. After authenticating the device, the communication between the server and user is carried out at the communication phase to make the IoT device eligible for data transfer within the network. Then, the Deep Recurrent Neural Network classifier is employed to detect the intruders in the IoT network in such a way that the training process is carried out using the proposed Border Collie Optimization algorithm. The proposed approach obtained higher performance with the metrics, like detection rate, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy with the values of 0.9375, 0.9539, 0.8791 and 0.9263, respectively.
Physiological impacts of temperature variability and climate warming in hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)
Authors: Terrell Kimberly A , Quintero Richard P , Galicia Veronica Acosta , Bronikowski Ed , Evans Matthew , Kleopfer John D , Murray Suzan , Murphy James B , Nissen Bradley D , Gratwicke Brian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cold-adapted hellbender salamanders that inhabit cool mountain streams are expected to fare poorly under warmer projected climate scenarios. This study investigated the physiological consequences of long-term, naturalistic temperature variation on juvenile hellbenders under simulated current and warmer (+1.6 C) climates vs. controlled steady temperatures. Mean temperature and temperature variability were both important predictors of growth as indicated by monthly body mass change (%), stress as indicated by neutrophil:lymphocyte (N:L) ratio and bacteria-killing ability of blood. Cold exposure in hellbenders was associated with weight loss, increased N:L ratios and reduced Escherichia coli killing ability of blood, and these effects were less pronounced under a warmer climate scenario. These observations suggest that cold periods may be more stressful for hellbenders than previously understood. Growth rates peaked in late spring and late fall around 14–17°C. Hellbenders experiencing warmer simulated climates retained body condition better in winter, but this was counter-balanced by a prolonged lack of growth in the 3-month summer period leading up to the fall breeding season where warmer simulated conditions resulted in an average loss of −0.6% body mass/month, compared to a gain +1.5% body mass/month under current climate scenario. Hellbenders can physiologically tolerate projected warmer temperatures and temperature fluctuations, but warmer summers may cause animals to enter the fall breeding season with a caloric deficit that may have population-level consequences.