bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the welded joint of VT1-0 titanium with 1.3343 steel
Authors: Egorov I , Fomin A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The work describes a method for obtaining a composite structure of small plates. The resulting plates are a layered structure consisting of a substrate (1.3343 steel) and a titanium coating (VT1-0). A method of resistance welding in the open air was applied to form a layered structure. The resulting titanium-steel compound was tensile tested. The maximum force at break of the welded joint varied in the range from 1.05 to 2.17 kN.
Induction-thermal action effect on the surface area of titanium products
Authors: Fomina M , Shchelkunov A , Shumilin A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The changes in the surface area of titanium samples occurring during induction heat treatment (IHT) were studied. The dependence of the surface area of titanium samples on the exposure temperature was revealed. When a titanium sample was heated to a temperature of 1000 °C in the air at an exposure time of 60 s, there was a 45-fold area increase. The assessment of the porosity of the formed coating is carried out. The number of pores increased with increasing temperature from 374 to 1029 pieces. Accordingly, the average pore size decreased by 40%.
Electrophoretic deposition and capacitive characteristics of composite electrode materials based on CNTs and ruthenium oxide for planar supercapacitors
Authors: Kakovkina Yu I , Lebedev E A , Kitsyuk E P , Kuzmin D A , Alekseyev A V , Shaman Yu P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, a method for the formation of planar supercapacitors, which combines electrophoretic deposition of composite electrode materials based on CNTs and ruthenium oxide, and laser engraving, is proposed. The features of electrophoretic deposition are considered and the influence of the main technological modes on the morphology and composition of the formed layers of electrode materials is determined. The conducted studies of the electrophysical characteristics of the formed samples confirmed the possibility of producing planar capacitors with a high capacity and their potential applicability for a number of applications in microelectronics.
The electron transmission properties in a non-planar system of two chained rings
Authors: Smolkina M O , Popov I Yu , Bagmutov A S , Blinova I V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The electron transmission properties in a model of two chained orthogonal quantum rings with input and output wires were investigated by using the quantum graph theory and quantum waveguide theory. The model was obtained for three-dimensional space. It also was shown that changing of the orientation of second ring in the respect to the field is a way to control the electron transmission and reflection.
Nanocarbon mesh in the flame of aromatic compounds
Authors: Vasilyeva O V , Ksenofontov S I , Lepaev A N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The soot in the flame of the pyrotechnic composition is presented in a variety of shapes and structures. Part of the dispersed particles consists entirely of carbon. The sizes of such particles are in the submicron range. Another part of the particles contains carbon in the form of nanostructures - needles and tubes. A detailed study of the morphology and chemical composition of dispersed particles on optical and scanning electron microscopes showed the existence of yet another unidentified species of particles - tuba. The resulting formations are micron-sized and retain the properties of nanostructures.
Electrophysical and photocatalytic properties of SnO2-ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel method
Authors: Storozhenko V Yu , Volkova M G , Varzarev Yu N , Starnikova A P , Petrov V V , Bayan E M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Electrophysical properties of SnO2-ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel method have been studied. The resistance of thin films have a temperature hysteresis, the films resistance decreases up to two times when the temperature reaches 210-300 °C and returns to its initial value when cooling down to 90-30 °C. That phenomenon can be explained by the processes of thermal generation - recombination of electrons, and adsorption - desorption of oxygen on the surface of the films.
Thermal Management System Using Phase Change Material for Lithium-ion Battery
Authors: Grimonia E , Andhika M R C , Aulady M F N , Rubi R V C , Hamidah N L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The lithium-ion battery is promising energy storage that provides proper stability, no memory effect, low self-discharge rate, and high energy density. During its usage, batteries generate heat caused by energy loss due to the transition of chemical energy to electricity and the electron transfer cycle. Consequently, a thermal management system by cooling methods in the battery is needed to control heat. One of the cooling methods is a passive cooling system using a phase change material (PCM). PCM can accommodate a large amount of heat through small dimensions. It is easy to apply and requires no power in the cooling system. This study aims to find the best type of PCM criteria for a Lithium-ion battery cooling system. The research was conducted by simulations using computational fluid dynamics. The variations were using PCM Capric Acid and PCM Hexacosane, with thickness variations of 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm. Hexacosane PCM with 9 mm thickness indicates the best result to reduce heat up to 6.54°K, demonstrating a suitable passive cooling system for Li-ion batteries.
Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beams with and Without Web Openings using Direct Displacement Based Design
Authors: Komara I , Casita C B , Susanti E , Pertiwi D , Fitriah D K , Propika J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper describes analysis at the reinforced concrete building that contain web openings at the beam element in certain location. In the analytical modelling, the beams as treated as structural members comprising several segments which has a different dimension, and the equivalent stiffness of the opened beams has been derived. The whole structure including the beams are then analysed by the direct displacement based designed method. As the result from three analytical modelling within the variety of web openings and literature studies are compared with the evaluation of deflections and support reactions under service load. A numerical modelling is also supported the study to corroborate findings. In general, a good agreement has been obtained.
Detection and Erasing Scribble Blackboard System Based on Hough-Transform Method Using Camera
Authors: Muharom S , Rizkiawan A , Masfufiah I , Firmansyah R A , Prabowo Y A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Teachers of a secondary school in Semarang city are often exposed to blackboard chalk dust. This will give a significant impact if it occurs at a fairly frequent intensity and a long period of time. An automatic scratch detector and designing a device that can erase the blackboard is a preventive step that can reduce the long-term impact of chalk dust. The scratch detector uses a circle shape parameter as a mark of dirty position that needs to be erased. Light can affect the system performance. The system works properly at light intensities ranging from ± 160 to ± 200 lux. Testing the threshold value proves that the system can detect circles in the range of 40 - 55. The pixel size which is detected by the camera was 640x480 will allow the system to divide the blackboard into 9 mapping areas. The mapping area is differentiated into 9 sections so that the x and y coordinate positions of the blackboard dirty spot can be determined. A mechanical execution will erase the top and bottom areas according to the position of the detected mapping area. The success of scratch detector reaches 81.8%..
Automatic Design of Battery Charging System Power Supply from Photovoltaic Sources Base on Voltage
Authors: Triwijaya S , Pradipta A , Wati T 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Short charging times are desirable from a battery powered system. However, the short charging time must also be considered the reliability of the system. Where the short charging time does not cause damage to the control system and battery. The battery has an important role as a source of power supply when the sun is not bright. By minimizing battery charging time, the battery can be maximally utilized as a power store. So the minimum charging time is obtained, but with maximum storage power. We present battery charging control method and auto switch off on this system. The controller is based on a constant voltage (CV) charge control scheme. In order to keep the parameters constant, this research prototype uses a DC-DC controller. The experimental results show that, the new controller charging period is significantly reduced. Moreover, the proposed controller has high accuracy and minimized battery overcharging.
Building Structure Analysis With and Without Direct Foundation Modelling using Reinforced Concrete Special Moment Resisting Frame
Authors: Propika J , Lestari L L , Septiarsilia Y , Julistian K N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The modelling of placement upon the seismic resistant structure can be carried out separately or directly. Separated modelling refers to the modelling using fixed joint, while direct modelling is defined as the lower structure directly using spring on soil-foundation interaction. Both modelling have differences in the context of behaviour and reaction of structure that must be adjusted based on SNI 1726:2019 and pile needs. This research analysed the calculation of static bearing capacity of pile and manual calculation of k coefficient by Nakazawa method and a supporting program SAP2000 V14.2.5. The analysis results indicated that under the manual calculation, total pile needs on fixed joint modelling of spun pile in diameter 600 mm class B are 185 piles within pile cap modelling at every point of column, meanwhile using SAP2000 V14.2.5, it is obtained the pile needs of spring modelling are 176 piles within integral pile cap modelling. The structural behaviour and the reaction of both modelling demonstrated the values of drift control, period, mass participation, static dynamic shear force, and force output in the fixed joint modelling were less than spring modelling.
Design of Water Temperature Stabilizer Using Element Peltier and Atemga16 for Louhan’s Aquariums
Authors: Nurmuslimah S , Saidatin N , Rahadhianto M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to design a water temperature stabilizer in the louhan fish aquarium by using a cooling system based on a Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) or a Peltier element. The system is built using several tools including a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a relay circuit and 3 Peltier elements. and AVR microcontroller. Temperature control is done by comparing the desired temperature set-point with the temperature from the sensor. The test was carried out by stabilizing the water temperature with two conditions, namely running water and inot flowing water and observing the behavior of the fish while the stabilizer system was running. The working principle of the stabilizer is that the sensor will read the water temperature, then the data is processed on the microcontroller. The temperature data will be compared with a predetermined set-point value which is around 29°C. If the temperature is more than 290C, then the cooler will turn on. The on-off control signal is generated by the microcontroller to turn on the relay and cooling system. From the test results obtained, the tool is able to stabilize the temperature of 290C and shows the behavior of fish with good conditions.
Sorting Device Coding Print Quality Machine on Packing Box Prototype Utilizing Optical Character Recognition
Authors: Firmansyah R A , Wicaksono I K , Muharom S , Prabowo Y A , Fahruzi A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The design of a system that can recognize the characters printed by the coding machine so that it can then determine the assessment of very good and bad prints, is the goal of this research. This system is useful as an indicator of an indication of a problem with the coding machine which is indicated by the number of products rejected by the system. In addition, this system is an effort to reduce printing errors so that they are sorted and do not pass to the market, thus causing misinformation to the public. This system is in the form of a moving conveyor table that has a firing area box and a reject rod as a product separator. The OCR method is programmed in a computer that is part of the system, to be able to recognize the characters printed by this coding machine. USB to TTL which functions as serial communication from the Laptop to the Microcontroller, is a complement to this tool. Testing as many as 60 times on 12 types of characters, this system has been carried out on this tool. There are six types of good characters and six types of bad characters, which have been provided. Of the 60 tests, the results were four failed tests. That is, the percentage of success of this tool is 93.33%, and the percentage of error is 6.66%.
Development of Fuel Calculation Applications Android Based for Ship Operations
Authors: Gunarti M R , Harini N V , Suharsono D D , Purnomo H , Waskito K L , Zuhri Z , Aryanti D E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to develop an android-based application to calculate the amount of fuel adjusted to the distance and speed of the ship based on the trajectory (way point). The calculation of distance in this application uses the concept of a spherical triangle which is used in voyage navigation. This development adopts the Waterfall model with the stages of Requirement Engineering, Design and implementation, Testing, Release and Maintenance. At the product review stage, it involves software experts (to provide criticism and suggestions for improvement), then testing is carried out by comparing the results of calculations using applications with manual calculations and ECDIS (electronic Chart Display Information System). The test results show that there is no significant difference between the results of calculations using the application with manual calculations and ECDIS. Thus, this application can be used to calculate the amount of fuel needed according to the distance traveled and the speed of the ship based on the selected trajectory.
Understanding the relationship between composition and rheology in alkali-activated binders
Authors: Kozhukhova N I , Shurakov I M , Kozhukhova M I , Yu Elistratkin M , Alfimova N I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Based on the knowledge that exists today, it is generally accepted that there are basic parameters and characteristics to obtain effective mixtures for their use in 3D printing. Rheological behavior and setting time (initial and final) are those characteristics that determine workability, as well as the speed and nature of hardening of the molded pastes and, as a result, the final framework and the integrity of the resulted structure. Among the promising options for 3D printing, the literature often contains information on alkali-activated binders. In this work, an alkali-activated binding system based on electrometallurgical slag, as well as citrogypsum, a waste of the industrial production of citric acid, was studied. Some rheological characteristics of experimental binders were considered: the nature of the mixture flow under the action of torsional loads and their initial and final setting times. It was found that the joined use of both components in the experimental system “slag - water”: an alkaline activator and citrogypsum, promotes the transition of the character of the system from thixotropic to mixed: dilatant-thixotropic (for the Na2SiO3 activator) and dilatant (for the NaOH activator). It was found that the addition of alkaline activators and citrogypsum to the binding system separately in both cases helps to reduce the initial and final setting times from 18 and 22 hours to 1 hour and 1.5 hours. Also, experimental results have shown that the jointed action of both components: an alkaline activator and cytogypsum, has a synergistic effect on the setting time.
Numerical simulation of deflagration in hydrogen-air gas mixes
Authors: Martyushov S N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Verification of validity of different manifolds of chemical reactions and coefficients in Arrhenius formulae was made for numerical simulation of deflagration appearing in hydrogen-air gas mixes. Kinetic model of branching chain reaction was tested for initial stage of detonation of this kind of mixes. One dimensional numerical simulations of deflagration initiation where provided for small closed heat isolated region. The next problem was solved numerically:in small closed volume, initially filled by hydrogen-air mix with atmospheric meanings of gas dynamics parameters at moment t=0 temperature rising till meaning, at which reaction of deflagration should begin. Numerical experiment consist of calculation of thermodynamics parameters of gas mix in small isolated volume. Meanings of molar concentration of components of gas mix where calculated by implicit numerical method of Gir for numerical decision. Calculation where provided till zero concentration of hydrogen or not appearing of deflagration at all. Characteristic feature of hydrogen-air gas mix deflagration is appearance of sudden explosion after long period of induction. In this induction period grows of radicals H, O and OH appears. Mass of radicals, nevertheless stay small, and one radical component transverse to the others. This explosion mechanism is branching chain reaction introduced by N.N.Semenov. In agreement with branching chain reaction theory during process of branching chain reaction radicals H, O, OH many times initiates reaction with other components of the mix. Nevertheless mass of radical components preserve small during the reaction, them almost fully disappeared in every time of the process. That’s why method of “quasi - stationary concentration” is treated to components O, OH (velocity of changing of this components concentration is equal to zero). For concentration of component H one simplified differential equation is treated. Speed of changing H essentially grater then speed of changing “slow” components H2, O2, H2O, that’s why equation for H should be solved separately. Algorithm was developed for numerical simulation of hydrogen-air mixes on the basis of theory branching chain reactions. Calculations provided demonstrate applicability of developed algorithm for numerical simulations of initial stage of deflagration of hydrogen-air mixes.
On the method of calculating the energy density of laser radiation in a metal surface modification
Authors: Trushin E S , Dasaev M R , Kalakutskaya O V , Voloshenko A P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Today, modification of metal surfaces using laser radiation (laser ablation) is one of the most common processing methods in various scientific studies. At the same time, there is no unified approach to estimating the energy of laser radiation impact on the metal surface, which significantly complicates the comparison of the results of studies performed at different parameters of laser radiation. In the present work, a universal method of calculating the energy density of laser radiation impact on the surface is presented. The formation of relief with identical geometric characteristics at different parameters of laser radiation, but with the same energy density of radiation effect on the surface being modified, was experimentally confirmed.
Selection of a rational formulation of lightened concretes on combined aggregates
Authors: Mailyan L R , Stel’makh S A , Shcherban’ E M , Stroev D A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the difficult conditions of modern construction, the use of concretes with a combined aggregate, if the composition is rational and the formulation and technological factors act rationally, will allow solving many existing problems. In this paper, studies were carried out on the choice of a rational formulation of lightened concrete based on foamed slag, natural crushed stone and granulated blast furnace slag by varying the volume content of a porous coarse aggregate and a fine aggregate in relation to the volume of the mixture. In total, 9 series of prototypes and 1 series of control samples were manufactured and tested. One series of samples includes three cubes with dimensions of 10x10x10 cm. All samples are tested for density, compressive strength and the coefficient of constructional quality. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the introduction of foamed slag into the composition of heavy concrete instead of a part of a dense coarse aggregate and the replacement of a fine dense aggregate with granulated blast furnace slag leads to an increase in the coefficient of constructional quality, that is, the decrease in compressive strength of concrete is compensated by an even more significant decrease in the density of the material, and therefore a decrease in mass. The increase in the coefficient of constructional quality of concrete based on foamed slag, natural crushed stone and granulated blast furnace slag in comparison with the control composition was 14%.
Influence of oxygen fraction on the characteristics of titanium oxide coatings obtained by the magnetron method
Authors: Vashchilin V S , Krivinozhko E V , Sabitov L S , Trukhanov S V , KH-A Saipova L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Titanium oxide coatings were obtained by magnetron sputtering on a glass substrate with different oxygen fraction in the plasma. Studies were carried out by scanning electron microscopy of the obtained coating samples establishing the role of oxygen in the process of crystallization of TiOx-coatings. It was found that with increasing the oxygen fraction in the vacuum arc discharge plasma the crystal grain size increases, the time of coating on the substrate increases, and the crystal layer has a columnar structure. The presence of amorphous and crystalline phase for all coating samples was revealed, with the predominance of the former. On the surface microphotographs of the coatings microcraters were found, on the surface of the samples obtained at the concentration of O2 in the plasma 14% of their concentration is maximum, this can be explained by changes in the state of the plasma, starting to occur at this concentration of reaction gas. Vacuum photonic annealing of the obtained coatings was performed. Vacuum radiation annealing in the furnace led to modification of coatings: sintering of coatings, increase of their crystallinity. An increase in crystallite size in a sample with an oxygen fraction of 12% was detected.
Mechanical model and numerical simulation of composite laminates subjected to low velocity impact
Authors: Feng Xiaozhou , Wang Xiufang , Zhou Changwei , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A mechanical model of laminated plates subjected to low velocity impact is proposed in this paper. The model studies the attenuation of impactor velocity affected by air resistance, intra-laminar damage initiation based strain, intra-laminar damage evolution based on damage parameters and delamination damage. Based on this mechanical model and ABAQUS platform, the experiment of Shi is numerically simulated. It is found that the predicted contact force, energy absorption and delamination damage of laminates are in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the established mechanical model can be used to predict the mechanical response and damage characteristics of composite laminates subjected to low velocity impact.