bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Clinical Outcomes Post Modified Laparoscopic Gastrostomy in Children: a Case Control Study
Authors: Naji Hussein , Gheewale Aafia Mohammed Farooq , Safi Ebtesam 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGastrostomy has become a common surgical procedure within the pediatric population with feeding difficulties and nutritional issues. In the aims of improving clinical outcomes, this research targets to compare the rate of complications of two different laparoscopic techniques of a gastrostomy button placement in a pediatric population: A combination of modified U-stitches and seldinger technique laparoscopic gastrostomy (MLG) versus the standard laparoscopic gastrostomy (LG).MethodsEighty-nine children were recruited for this retrospective case control study that assesses the surgical outcomes of a novel MLG, being the cases to the standard LG in children which are the controls. The main outcome measure is the rate of postoperative complications encompassing dislodgement of gastrostomy button, leak around button, local infection, and development of granulation tissue post-surgery which is compared between the two population groups.ResultsThe p-value of the study was shown to be 0.03 proving a statistical significance between the complication rates. ConclusionAs a result, the modified U-stitches laparoscopic gastrostomy has a lower rate of complications in comparison to the standard laparoscopic gastrostomy making it a better technique for gastrostomy placement in children.
Associations of Novel Indices of Adiposity with Incident Heart Failure
Authors: Suthahar Navin , Meems Laura , Withaar Coenraad , Gorter Thomas , Kieneker Lyanne , Gansevoort Ron , Bakker Stephan , Veldhuisen Dirk van , de Boer Rudolf 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: To examine associations of newly-developed adiposity indices with incident heart failure (HF).Participants and Methods: The current study included 8493 adults from the PREVEND observational cohort (mean age: 49.8 years; 50% women). Exposures included novel adiposity indices i.e., relative fat mass (RFM), body-roundness index (BRI), weight-adjusted-waist index and body-shape index (BSI), as well as established adiposity indices i.e., body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Main outcome was development of incident HF.Results: The prevalence of overweight (BMI: 25-30kg/m2) and obesity (BMI≥30kg/m2) were 41% and 17% respectively. During 11.3±3.1 years of follow-up, 372 HF events were recorded, resulting in an overall HF incidence of 3.88 per 1000 person-years. All novel adiposity indices, except BSI, were significantly associated with incident HF (P<0.001). BMI, WC and WHR were also significantly associated with incident HF (P<0.001). Sex did not modify the association of any adiposity index with incident HF (Pint>0.1). Amongst adiposity indices, RFM displayed the strongest effect sizes (HR:1.67, 95%CI, 1.37-2.03). This trend persisted across multiple age categories, BMI categories and also among HF subtypes. All obesity measures, except BSI, improved the fit of the clinical HF model. Strongest improvement was observed after adding BRI and RFM (reduction in Akaike information criteria: 26.5 and 24.4 respectively).Conclusions: Relative fat mass is strongly associated with incident HF in the community. Future studies should examine the value of novel adiposity indices in HF risk estimation.
Meloidogyne incognita management by nematicides in tomato production
Authors: Grabau Zane J. , Liu Chang , Sandoval-Ruiz Rebeca 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Meloidogyne incognita (southern root-knot nematode, SRKN) is a major pest in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production in the Southeastern United States. Management has relied on fumigant and carbamate non-fumigant nematicides. New non-fumigant nematicides, such as fluopyram, are available and field evaluation of new nematicides is needed. The objectives of this research were to assess the efficacy of new (fluopyram) and established (oxamyl) non-fumigant nematicides as well as fumigation (1,3-dichloropropene) for (1) SRKN management, and (2) impacts on total soil abundances of non-target, free-living nematodes in field tests in Florida. Fumigation with 1,3-D consistently managed SRKN and, in two of three trials, increased yield relative to untreated. Oxamyl and fluopyram also had efficacy in managing SRKN, but were inconsistent from year to year. Oxamyl provided better root galling control than fluopyram in one of two trials, but otherwise those nematicides provided similar SRKN management and yield response. Supplementing 1,3-D fumigation with fluopyram did not improve SRKN management or yield relative to fumigation alone. Fumigation consistently reduced free-living nematode abundances relative to untreated. Oxamyl and fluopyram were more inconsistent, but always reduced total free-living nematode abundances when effective against SRKN. In summary, while non-fumigant nematicides provided some management of SRKN, fumigation continued to be the most consistent option. All nematicides had deleterious effects on free-living nematodes.
Reproduction of Meloidogyne arenaria race 2 on flue-cured tobacco with putative resistance derived from Nicotiana repanda
Authors: Adamo Noah , Johnson Charles S. , Reed T. David , Eisenback Jonathan D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Chemical controls for root-knot nematodes are increasingly restricted due to environmental and human health concerns. Host resistance to these nematodes is key to flue-cured tobacco production in Virginia. Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita races 1 and 3, and race 1 of M. arenaria is imparted by the gene Rk1, which is widely available in commercial flue-cured tobacco. Rk2 imparts increased resistance to M. javanica when stacked with Rk1 and is becoming commercially available. The efficacy of Rk2 against M. arenaria race 2, which is increasingly prevalent in Virginia, is unclear. Greenhouse trials were conducted in 2017 to determine how potential resistance derived from N. repanda compares to the root-knot nematode resistance afforded by Rk1 and Rk2. Trials were arranged in a completely randomized block design and included an entry with traits derived from N. repanda, a susceptible entry and entries possessing Rk1 and/or Rk2. Data collected after 60 days included percent root galling, egg mass counts, and egg counts. Root galling and reproduction were significantly lower on the entry possessing traits derived from N. repanda relative to other entries, suggesting that the N. repanda species may hold a novel source of root-knot nematode resistance for commercial flue-cured tobacco cultivars.
Pemeriksaan Cemaran Kapang Pada Udara Dan Pakaian Santri Di Salah Satu Pondok Pesantren Surabaya Timur
Authors: Arimurti Anindita Riesti Retno , Azizah Fitrotin 
Published: July 2021

Dormitory is a place for student who built in various small scales to a very large scale. Of the many dormitory residents with bad space such as lack of ventilation and incoming sunlight, the large number of scattered students' clothes causes the room to become damp. The presence of air mold is caused by the lack of ventilation as well as the humidity of the room environment in the dormitory which can cause several diseases, one of which is ARI. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is mold contamination on air in the room and clothes of the students at one of the Islamic boarding schools in East Surabaya. This type of research is descriptive. The sample used is air in several dormitory rooms at one of the Islamic boarding schools in East Surabaya. This research method uses the isolation technique of Sabauraud Dextose Agar (SDA) media which is partially opened and then placed in several rooms in this Islamic boarding school. Second, 30 samples of clothes were taken randomly from students from different disciplines and then scratched on SDA media. In the results of macroscopic observations, of the 30 sampled rooms. Microscopic colonies of cotton taken from the media showed positive results for hyphae, mycellium, spores, and conidiospores. The results obtained were positive there were Aspergillus sp. with the percentage was 100% while the results of the students' clothing swabs, from 30 clothing samples found 80% positive for mold contamination.
Investigating the feasibility of removing the rapid mixing unit in conventional surface water treatment and its effect on turbidity removal
Authors: Hessam Abolfazl , Mehdinejad Mohammad Hadi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coagulation and flocculation processes play a major role in surface water treatment. The aim of this study was to eliminate the rapid mixing unit in the water treatment plant. This experimental study was conducted on turbid water. Turbid water was synthesized by kaolin powder. The conventional jar test method was used. The flocculation and sedimentation processes were performed on the turbid water without a rapid mixing unit for getting the new optimal condition. When the PACl coagulant was used alone and in conjunction with chitosan, the percentages of turbidity removal in low, medium and high turbidities were obtained as 86.7%, 95.8%, 97.8% and 86.67%, 95.73%, 98.26%, respectively. When the rapid mixing unit was emitted, the efficiency of turbidity removal in the low turbidity was reduced from 5.26% to 21.73%. But, in higher turbidity in two states (presence and absence of the rapid mixing units) it did not have a significant difference. This study showed that the removal of the rapid mix unit on the removal efficiency of turbidity in the low turbidity is effective, but does not have an effect on higher turbid water. Also, using PACl in conjunction with chitosan was effective in the removal efficiency and to reduce residual aluminum.
Graphene oxide composite membrane accelerates organic pollutant degradation by Shewanella bacteria
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhao Jun , Liu Bianhua , Yang Linlin , Han Guangmei , Yang Fan , Han Shuai , Wang Zhenyang , Zhang Zhongping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Degradation of various organic pollutants by bacteria has been proved to be an economical and environmentally friendly method. The key challenge in making these technologies widely available is their low degradation efficiency. Here, we report a composite membrane composed of graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol (GO-PVA) which can markedly enhance the efficiency and rate of Shewanella bacteria to degrade Congo red (CR). The degradation efficiency of Shewanella bacteria alone on CR solution was about 42% at 72 h. After the addition of the GO-PVA membrane, the degradation efficiency reached 91% at the degradation time at 36 h. The degradation efficiency of CR was increased by two times and the degradation rate was increased by four times in the presence of GO-PVA membrane and Shewanella bacteria compared to Shewanella bacteria alone. This indicates that the CR could be rapidly and completely degraded by increasing the input amounts of GO-PVA membrane in the process of Shewanella algae degradation of CR. Moreover, the GO-PVA membrane showed good recyclability and reusability. The biocatalysts performance of the GO-PVA membrane did not decrease after 10 cycles. Furthermore, the role of the GO-PVA membrane in the degradation process and the degradation products of CR were discussed.
Overexpression of MRP3 in HeLa-UGT1A9 Cells Enhances Glucuronidation Capability of the Cells
Authors: Zhou Qiong , Xia Bijun , Yin Taijun , He Yu , Ye Ling , Hu Ming 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The interplay between phase II enzymes and efflux transporters leads to extensive metabolism
and low systemic bioavailability of flavonoids.

Objective:
In this study, the dynamic interplay between multiple UGTs and multiple efflux transporters that occur
inside the cells was fully investigated.

Methods:
A new HeLa-UGT1A9-MRP3 cell was established to overexpress two dominant efflux transporters
MRP3 and BCRP, and two UGT isoforms UGT1A9 and UGT1A3. The metabolism and glucuronides excretion for
a model flavonoid genistein were determined in HeLa-UGT1A9-MRP3 cells and HeLa-UGT1A9-Con cells that
overexpressed one UGT (1A9) and one efflux transporter (BCRP).

Results:
The excretion rate grew nearly 6-fold, cellular clearance of glucuronides increased about 3-fold, and fraction
of genistein metabolized (fmet) increased (14%, p<0.01) in the new cells. Small interfering (siRNA)-mediated
MRP3 functional knockdown resulted in marked decreases in the excretion rates (26%-78%), intracellular amounts
(56%-93%), and cellular clearance (54%-96%) in both cells, but the magnitude of the differences in HeLa-
UGT1A9-Con cells was relatively small. Reductions in fmet values were similarly moderate (11%-14%). In contrast,
UGT1A9 knockdown with siRNA caused large decreases in the excretion rates (46%-88%), intracellular amounts
(80%-97%), cellular clearance (80%-98%) as well as fmet value (33%-43%, p<0.01) in both UGT1A9 cells. Comparisons
of the kinetic parameters and profiles of genistein glucuronidation as well as UGT mRNA expression suggest
that HeLa-UGT1A9-MRP3 has increased expression of both MRP3 and UGT1A3.

Conclusion:
The newly engineered HeLa-UGT1A9-MRP3 cells is an appropriate model to study the kinetic interplay
between multiple UGTs and efflux transporters, and a promising biosynthetic tool to obtain flavonoid glucuronides
of high purity.
Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Effectiveness of Acupuncture in
Depression
Authors: Yang Na-Na , Lin Lu-Lu , Li Yue-Jie , Li Hong-Ping , Cao Yan , Tan Chun-Xia , Hao Xiao-Wan , Ma Si-Ming , Wang Lu , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: July 2021

:
Major depressive disorder is the most common mental disorder with significant economic
burden and limited treatments. Acupuncture has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological treatment
for reducing depressive symptoms. However, the potential mechanisms and clinical effectiveness
of acupuncture are not fully understood. This review aimed to: (1) summarize the available evidence
on the mechanisms and clinical effectiveness of acupuncture for depression, and then (2) compare with
pharmacological interventions, guiding future studies. Studies with animal models of depression and
patients have shown that acupuncture could increase hippocampal and network neuroplasticity and decrease
brain inflammation, potentially to alleviating depressive disorders. Overall clinical studies indicated
that acupuncture could relieve primary depression, particularly milder cases, and was helpful in
the management of post-stroke depression, pain-related depression, and postpartum depression both as
an isolated and adjunct treatment. It was emphasized that acupuncture combined with antidepressant
pharmacological treatment not only enhanced the improvement of primary and secondary depressive
symptoms but also reduced the side effects of the medical treatment, which is the main cause for high
dropout rates with drug treatment. In summary, substantial evidence from animal and human researches
supported the beneficial effect of acupuncture in depression. However, most clinical trials of acupuncture
were small, and it is unclear whether their findings can be generalized, so more studies are
needed.
Melatonin: a Potential Shield against Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Lawand Nada , Jammoul Maya 
Published: July 2021

:
Melatonin, a vital hormone synthesized by the pineal gland, has been implicated in various
physiological functions and circadian rhythm regulation. Its role in the protection against the
non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF), known to disrupt the body’s oxidative/anti-oxidative balance,
has been called into question due to inconsistent results observed across studies. This review
provides the current knowledge on the interwoven relationship between melatonin, EMF, and oxidative
stress. Based on synthesized evidence, we present a model that best describes the mechanisms
underlying the protective effects of melatonin against RF/ELF-EMF-induced oxidative stress. It has
been observed that the free radical scavenger activity of melatonin can be enabled by reducing the
radical pair singlet-triplet conversion rate and the concentration of the triplet products. Moreover,
this review aims to highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of melatonin against the detrimental
effects of EMF, in general, and electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS), in particular.
One-pot Synthesis of Novel Thiophene Containing Aminonaphthols using Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as a Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Pavale Ganesh , Ramana M.M.V. , Acharya Poornima , Shaikh Sarfaraz 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Metal oxide itself and metal oxide nanoparticles are gaining significant
importance due to their reusability and wide range of catalytic applications in many organic transformations.

Objective:
This study aimed to report a simple and efficient Fe3O4catalyzed one-pot fivecomponent
reaction protocol for the synthesis of novel thiophene containing aminonaphthols under
solvent-free conditions.

Methods:
To prepare the Fe3O4 nanoparticles by facile and simple co-precipitation method, surface
characterization was done using FT-IR, XRD, BET, SEM, and TEM analysis techniques.
Aminonaphthol derivatives bearing thiophene moiety were synthesized using Fe3O4 nanoparticles
under solvent-free condition.

Results:
The prepared nanoparticles are smaller in size (15nm) and can be easily separated. They
can be recycled and reused five times without any significant loss of catalytic activity with excellent
yields in short time. The existing protocol for the synthesis of aminonaphthols becomes feasible
and attractive due to reusability of catalyst, excellent catalytic performance, and eco-friendly
procedure.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Fe3O4 nanoparticles provide a simple, efficient and greener one-pot
five component synthetic approach for the synthesis of thiophene containing aminonaphthols. Excellent
catalytic activity was perceived in short reaction time without any co-catalyst or any other
activator. Moreover, reusability of catalyst, high yields and environmentally benign solvent-free
condition are key factors of this protocol.
Promoting Physical Activity Through Conversational Agents: Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Luo Tiffany Christina , Aguilera Adrian , Lyles Courtney Rees , Figueroa Caroline Astrid 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundRegular physical activity (PA) is crucial for well-being; however, healthy habits are difficult to create and maintain. Interventions delivered via conversational agents (eg, chatbots or virtual agents) are a novel and potentially accessible way to promote PA. Thus, it is important to understand the evolving landscape of research that uses conversational agents.ObjectiveThis mixed methods systematic review aims to summarize the usability and effectiveness of conversational agents in promoting PA, describe common theories and intervention components used, and identify areas for further development.MethodsWe conducted a mixed methods systematic review. We searched seven electronic databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies that conveyed primary research on automated conversational agents designed to increase PA. The studies were independently screened, and their methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool by 2 reviewers. Data on intervention impact and effectiveness, treatment characteristics, and challenges were extracted and analyzed using parallel-results convergent synthesis and narrative summary.ResultsIn total, 255 studies were identified, 7.8% (20) of which met our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was varied. Overall, conversational agents had moderate usability and feasibility. Those that were evaluated through randomized controlled trials were found to be effective in promoting PA. Common challenges facing interventions were repetitive program content, high attrition, technical issues, and safety and privacy concerns.ConclusionsConversational agents hold promise for PA interventions. However, there is a lack of rigorous research on long-term intervention effectiveness and patient safety. Future interventions should be based on evidence-informed theories and treatment approaches and should address users’ desires for program variety, natural language processing, delivery via mobile devices, and safety and privacy concerns.
Health Belief Model Perspective on the Control of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and the Promotion of Vaccination in China: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chen Hao , Li Xiaomei , Gao Junling , Liu Xiaoxi , Mao Yimeng , Wang Ruru , Zheng Pinpin , Xiao Qianyi , Jia Yingnan , Fu Hua , Dai Junming 
Published: July 2021

Background
The control of vaccine hesitancy and the promotion of vaccination are key protective measures against COVID-19.

Objective
This study assesses the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and the vaccination rate and examines the association between factors of the health belief model (HBM) and vaccination.

Methods
A convenience sample of 2531 valid participants from 31 provinces and autonomous regions of mainland China were enrolled in this online survey study from January 1 to 24, 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the associations of the vaccination rate and HBM factors with the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy after other covariates were controlled.

Results
The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 44.3% (95% CI 42.3%-46.2%), and the vaccination rate was 10.4% (9.2%-11.6%). The factors that directly promoted vaccination behavior were a lack of vaccine hesitancy (odds ratio [OR] 7.75, 95% CI 5.03-11.93), agreement with recommendations from friends or family for vaccination (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.75-5.52), and absence of perceived barriers to COVID-19 vaccination (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.35-0.75). The factors that were directly associated with a higher vaccine hesitancy rate were a high level of perceived barriers (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.36-1.95) and perceived benefits (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.79). A mediating effect of self-efficacy, influenced by perceived barriers (standardized structure coefficient [SSC]=−0.71, P<.001), perceived benefits (SSC=0.58, P<.001), agreement with recommendations from authorities (SSC=0.27, P<.001), and agreement with recommendations from friends or family (SSC=0.31, P<.001), was negatively associated with vaccination (SSC=−0.45, P<.001) via vaccine hesitancy (SSC=−0.32, P<.001).

Conclusions
It may be possible to increase the vaccination rate by reducing vaccine hesitancy and perceived barriers to vaccination and by encouraging volunteers to advocate for vaccination to their friends and family members. It is also important to reduce vaccine hesitancy by enhancing self-efficacy for vaccination, due to its crucial mediating function.
Applications of Data Analytics: Cluster Analysis of Not-for-Profit Data
Authors: Alzamil Zamil S. , Appelbaum Deniz , Glasgall William , Vasarhelyi Miklos A. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Since data analytics enables data exploration and the uncovering of hidden relationships, in this study, we use cluster analysis to gain more insight into governmental data and financial reports. This research initiative is performed using the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, where we develop and apply an appropriate artifact. We apply our artifact to two different datasets: the first uses the U.S. states' financial statements, and the second utilizes survey results from the Volcker Alliance about states' budgeting performance. In both applications, we demonstrate how clustering may be used on governmental data to gain new insights about financial statements and budgeting. This study contributes to the literature in two ways: First, the two applications bring advanced data mining techniques into the not-for-profit domain; and second, the results provide guidance for auditors, academics, regulators, and practitioners to use clustering to gain more insights.