bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endemic and Indigenous Plants from Mascarene Islands with Antiviral
Propensities
Authors: Fawzi Mahomoodally Mohamad , Sharmeen Jugreet Bibi , Juliano Haddad , Chaker El Kalamouni 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Antiviral resistance and inefficiency of available antiviral drugs to effectively
treat viral infections have prompted many researchers worldwide to explore medicinal plants
and their isolated compounds as alternative antivirals. The rich flora from the Mascarene Islands
has also been thoroughly studied for their wide therapeutic activities, including their antiviral properties.

Objective:
The aim of this review is to highlight the antiviral propensities of Mascarene endemic
and indigenous medicinal plants.

Methodology:
A review of the literature was conducted via major databases and other primary
sources of information. The inhibitory concentration/effective dose causing 50% viral inhibition
(IC50/ED50), cytotoxic concentration causing 50% reduction in cell viability (CC50), and selectivity
index (SI) were reported, and mechanisms of antiviral action were also discussed.

Results:
Stillingia lineata was the most effective against chikungunya virus (SI: 10.9), and among
its isolated compounds, 12-O-acetylphorbol-13(2″-methyl)- butyrate and 12-deoxyphorbol-
13(2″-methyl)butyrate were the most potent and selective inhibitors of chikungunya virus replication
(SI: 41 and >240, respectively). 12-O-acetylphorbol-13(2″-methyl)- butyrate, 12β-O-[nona-
2Z,4E,6E-trienoyl]-4α-deoxyphorbol-13-butyrate, 12-deoxyphorbol-13(2″-methyl)butyrate, and
12-deoxyphorbol-13-[8′-oxohexadeca-2E,4E,6E-trienoate showed strong selective antiviral effect
on human immunodeficiency virus-I (SI: 36-899) and II (SI: 33-2056). Obetia ficifolia and Erythroxylon
laurifolium were most active against the herpes virus (SI: 18.5 and 16, respectively).
Labourdonnaisia glauca showed potent anti-poliovirus activity (SI: 40), while Badula insularis,
Labourdonnaisia glauca and Myonima violacea were active against rhinovirus (SI: 1.3-2.5). Both
anti-zika and anti-dengue virus activities were reported for Aphloia theiformis, Doratoxylon apetalum,
Phyllanthus phillyreifolius and Psiloxylon mauritianum.

Conclusion:
Promising spectrum of antiviral properties notably against zika, dengue, chikungunya,
polio-, rhino-, herpes, and human immunodeficiency viruses were presented by the Mascarene
plants suggesting them as viable candidates for the potential development of effective natural antiviral
drugs.
Comparison of Y-90 and Ho-166 Dosimetry Using Liver Phantom: A Monte Carlo Study7
Authors: Yıldırım Ayşe Karadeniz , Kökkülünk Handan Tanyıldızı 
Published: August 2021

Background:
It is estimated that more than 1 million people are diagnosed with liver malignancy each year
and one of the treatments is radioembolization with Y-90 and Ho-166.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to calculate the absorbed doses caused by Y-90 and Ho-166 in tumor and liver
parenchyma using a phantom via Monte Carlo method.

Methods:
A liver model phantom including a tumor imitation of sphere (r =1.5cm) was defined in GATE. The total
activity of 40 mCi Y-90 and Ho-166 was prescribed into tumor imitation as source and 2x2x2 mm3 voxel-sized Dose-
Actors were identified at 30 locations. The simulation, performed to calculate the absorbed doses left by particles during
1 second for Y-90 and Ho-166, was run for a total of 10 days and 11 days, respectively. Total doses were calculated
by taking the doses occurring in 1 second as a reference.

Results:
The maximum absorbed doses were found to be 2.334E+03±1.576E+01 Gy for Y-90 and 7.006E+02±6.013E-
01 Gy for Ho-166 at the center of tumor imitation. The minimum absorbed doses were found to be 2.133E-03±1.883E-
01 Gy for Y-90 and 1.152E-02±1.036E-03 Gy for Ho-166 at the farthest location from source. The mean absorbed
doses in tumor imitation were found to be 1.50E+03±1.36E+00 Gy and 4.58E+02±4.75E-01 Gy for Y-90 and Ho-166,
respectively. And, the mean absorbed doses in normal parenchymal tissue were found to be2.07E+01±9.58E-02 Gy
and 3.79E+00±2.63E-02 Gy for Y-90 and Ho-166, respectively.

Conclusion:
Based on the results, Ho-166 is a good alternative to Y-90 according to dosimetric evaluation.
Bioprospection of Antiviral and Antitumor Compounds from Some Marine Algae
from Egyptian Shores
Authors: Ahmed Essam M. , Hamdy Abdelhamid A. , Alshehri Bandar M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The marine algae are considered a diverse source of bioactive compounds. Many active compounds
have been isolated from algae and show good biological activities.

Materials and Methods:
The aim of this study is to detect the antiviral and anticancer activities in some extracts of
marine algae. Extraction, purification and identification of some marine algae common in Egypt were conducted. Extraction
of Ulva lactuca, Sargassum dentifolium, and Cystoseiara myrica was conducted. A sequence of extractions,
including extraction by ethanol, boiling water, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide were carried out. The obtained
extracts were evaluated for their antitumour and antiviral activities against liver tumour cells, brain tumour cell lines,
measles virus, mumps virus and hepatitis B virus (HBV). The extracts of the best activities were subjected for purification
by size exclusion chromatography and anion exchange chromatography for ethanolic extracts or precipitation by
cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) then by size exclusion chromatography and anion exchange chromatography for aqueous
extracts. Separation by GLS/MS was performed. The structures of the active compounds have been identified
through different chemical analyses, including sugar analysis, configurational analysis, High-Performance Liquid
Chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GLC-MS) and
1H,13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at ZV.

Results:
The active compounds from the water extracts have been identified mainly as polysaccharides and sulphated
polysaccharides. The antitumour and the antiviral activities of ethanolic extracts are attributable to compound identified
as Ethyl Palmitate. These natural compounds did not show cytotoxic effect.

Conclusion:
These outputs could be preliminary for further biological studies aiming to therapeutic application.
Clustering of Hypoglycemia Events in Patients With Hyperinsulinism: Extension of the Digital Phenotype Through Retrospective Data Analysis
Authors: Worth Chris , Harper Simon , Salomon-Estebanez Maria , O'Shea Elaine , Nutter Paul W , Dunne Mark J , Banerjee Indraneel 
Published: August 2021

Background
Hyperinsulinism (HI) due to excess and dysregulated insulin secretion is the most common cause of severe and recurrent hypoglycemia in childhood. High cerebral glucose use in the early hours results in a high risk of hypoglycemia in people with diabetes and carries a significant risk of brain injury. Prevention of hypoglycemia is the cornerstone of the management of HI, but the risk of hypoglycemia at night or the timing of hypoglycemia in children with HI has not been studied; thus, the digital phenotype remains incomplete and management suboptimal.

Objective
This study aims to quantify the timing of hypoglycemia in patients with HI to describe glycemic variability and to extend the digital phenotype. This will facilitate future work using computational modeling to enable behavior change and reduce exposure of patients with HI to injurious hypoglycemic events.

Methods
Patients underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with a Dexcom G4 or G6 CGM device as part of their clinical assessment for either HI (N=23) or idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia (IKH; N=24). The CGM data were analyzed for temporal trends. Hypoglycemia was defined as glucose levels <3.5 mmol/L.

Results
A total of 449 hypoglycemic events totaling 15,610 minutes were captured over 237 days from 47 patients (29 males; mean age 70 months, SD 53). The mean length of hypoglycemic events was 35 minutes. There was a clear tendency for hypoglycemia in the early hours (3-7 AM), particularly for patients with HI older than 10 months who experienced hypoglycemia 7.6% (1480/19,370 minutes) of time in this period compared with 2.6% (2405/92,840 minutes) of time outside this period (P<.001). This tendency was less pronounced in patients with HI who were younger than 10 months, patients with a negative genetic test result, and patients with IKH. Despite real-time CGM, there were 42 hypoglycemic events from 13 separate patients with HI lasting >30 minutes.

Conclusions
This is the first study to have taken the first step in extending the digital phenotype of HI by describing the glycemic trends and identifying the timing of hypoglycemia measured by CGM. We have identified the early hours as a time of high hypoglycemia risk for patients with HI and demonstrated that simple provision of CGM data to patients is not sufficient to eliminate hypoglycemia. Future work in HI should concentrate on the early hours as a period of high risk for hypoglycemia and must target personalized hypoglycemia predictions. Focus must move to the human-computer interaction as an aspect of the digital phenotype that is susceptible to change rather than simple mathematical modeling to produce small improvements in hypoglycemia prediction accuracy.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pemenang Lelang Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan atas Adanya Perlawanan Pihak Ketiga (Derden Verzet)
Authors: Zahra Faradita Edsa , Komariah Komariah , Wiryani Fifik 
Published: August 2021

The auction winner as a legitimate buyer is often unable to retrieve the auction object that has been purchased because the object under the the previous owner. This led to the auction winner filing an execution lawsuit to the Court of Appeal. However, thereis rarely a third party that fights against the seizure of executions with the intention of stalling. Author conducted a study on The Verdict No. 39/Pdt.Bth/2019/PN.Mjk and 14/Pdt.Bth/2020/PN.Mjk Mojokerto District Court regarding derden verzet related to the seizure of execution No. 5/Eks.HT/2019/PN.Mjk. This study aims to find out the reasons for resistance, know the consideration of judges in rejecting resistance and know the legal protections provided to auction winners for the existence of third-party resistance. The research method used was normative legal research. Based on the research, the author obtained the results according to article 195 paragraph (6) HIR, derden verzet can be filed on the basis of property rights to the confiscated object. However, hakim rejected both resistances with the consideration that contrarians are not true contrarians. Basically, legal protection against the winner of the auction has been given by Vendu Reglement and PMK No. 27/PMK.06/2016, but the resistance to the emptying execution confiscationdoes notmandate the absence of certainty for the winner of the auction in order to complywith the auction object that has been defended .
Abstrak
Pemenang lelang sebagai pembeli yang sah seringkali tidak dapat menikmati secara langsung objek lelang yang sudah dibeli karena masih dalam penguasaan pemilik sebelumnya. Hal ini menjadi alasan pengajuan permohonan eksekusi pengosongan ke Pengadilan Negeri oleh pemenang lelang. Akan tetapi, tidak jarang ada pihak ketiga yang mengajukan perlawanan terhadap sita eksekusi dengan maksud mengulur waktu. Penulis melakukan studi pada Putusan No. 39/Pdt.Bth/2019/PN.Mjk dan 14/Pdt.Bth/2020/PN.Mjk Pengadilan Negeri Mojokerto mengenai derden verzet terkait adanya sita eksekusi Nomor 5/Eks.HT/2019/PN.Mjk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan perlawanan, mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam menolak perlawanan dan mengetahui perlindungan hukum yang diberikan untuk pemenang lelang atas adanya perlawanan pihak ketiga. Penulis mengkaji kasus ini dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Berdasarkan penelitian, Penulis memperoleh hasil yaitu menurut pasal 195 ayat (6) HIR, derden verzet bisa diajukan dengan dasar adanya hak milik atas objek yang disita. Namun, Majelis Hakim menolak kedua perlawanan dengan pertimbangan bahwa pelawan bukanlah pelawan yang benar. Pada dasarnya, perlindungan hukum terhadap pemenang lelang telah diberikan oleh Vendu Reglement dan PMK No. 27/PMK.06/2016, namun adanya perlawanan terhadap sita eksekusi pengosongan mengakibatkan tidak adanya kepastian untuk pemenang lelang agar dapat menikmati objek lelang yang telah dibelinya.
Politik Birokrasi Pengangkatan dan Pemberhentian Perangkat Desa Pasca Pilkades
Authors: Abdul Rohman  
Published: August 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang politik birokrasi pengangkatan perangkat Desa pasca Pilkades, dihubungkan dengan UU Desa dan UU Bebas KKN. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah normatif yuridis, secara kualitatif mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian diantaranya: (1) Berdasarkan UU Desa, pengangkatan perangkat Desa didasarkan dari pembentukan tim rekrutment oleh kepala Desa, pelaksanaan rekrutment, rekomendasi Camat, serta pembuatan keputusan kepala Desa untuk perangkat Desa terpilih. Pemberhentian perangkat Desa dilakukan karena meninggal dunia, permintaan sendiri, dan diberhentikan. (2) Politik birokrasi yang dilakukan oleh calon kepala Desa sebelum memenangkan Pilkades, dan setelah menjadi pemenang Pilkades dengan mekanisme pemberian jabatan kepada kroni maupun keluarganya, yang menjadi tim sukses pemenangan Pilkades. (3) Kedudukan UU Bebas KKN dalam rangka mempertegas serta memberikan gambaran mengenai kegiatan politik birokrasi pengangkatan perangkat Desa pasca Pilkades merupakan tindakan Nepotisme dalam Pemerintahan Desa.
Covid -19 Dan Ancaman Keselamatan Warga Negara
Authors: Lating Ali , Suhu Bakri La , Suaib Rahmat , Wance Marno , Thaib Fajri 
Published: August 2021

Ditengah merebaknya pandemi Covid-19 yang semakin memperlihatkan peningkatan jumlah pasien positif di wilayah Provinsi Maluku Utara, dibutuhkan kebijakan reaktif. Kebijakan ini terutama berkaitan dengan ketersediaan infrastruktur penanganan, tata kelola hubungan kewenangan dan koordinasi lintas level pemerintahan yang masih bermasalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penanganan kebijakan strategis yang dilakukan Pemerintah Provinsi Maluku Utara di tengah pandemic covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif serta pendekatan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sektor perikanan sebagai bagian dari kebijakan strategis mengalami ancaman yang serius karena pandemi Covid-19. Imbasnya adalah berhentinya sektor produksi yang berakibat kerugian bagi para nelayan. Efek yang terjadi yakni adanya gap antara produksi ikan dan tenaga yang harus dikeluarkan para nelayan. Sedangkan pada sektor kesehatan, Pemerintah Provinsi Maluku Utara mengambil kebijakan perluasan rumah sakit cadangan dengan memanfaatkan lahan yang ada. Selain itu juga, Pemerintah Provinsi Maluku Utara mendesak pemerintah pusat untuk menyediakan alat atau mesin polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sehingga pemerintah pusat menyediakan 1 unit PCR untuk Maluku Utara.
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Two Stay – Two Stray Dengan Pendekatan Konsep Terhadap Keaktifan Dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Mulyani Dewi , Isnani  
Published: August 2021

Keaktifan belajar yang rendah menyebabkan prestasi belajar peserta didik kelas XI MAN Kota Tegal masih ada yang belum mencapai KKM sehingga pemilihan model pembelajaran harus tepat salah satunya adalah model pembelajaran TS–TS dengan Pendekatan konsep. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk medeskripsikan: (1) apakah prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik dengan model pembelajaran TS–TS dengan pendekatan konsepyang nilainya 70 mencapai target; (2) apakah keaktifan belajar matematika peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TSdengan pendekatan konsep lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional; (3) apakah prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TSdengan pendekatan konsep lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional; (4) apakah ada perbedaan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar matematika antara peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TS dengan pendekatan konsep dengan pembelajaran konvensional; (5) apakah keaktifan dan prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TSdengan pendekatan konseplebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional..Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI semester II MAN Kota Tegal tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 sebanyak 363 peserta didik. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik clusterrandomsampling. Sampel penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI IIS 1 dan XI IIS 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen, dan kelas IIS 4 dan IIS 5 sebagai kelas kontrol.Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode dokumentasi, tes, dan observasi. Instrumen telah teruji validitas dan reliabelitas pada taraf signifikan 5%. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji proporsi satu pihak kanan, uji t satu pihak kanan, uji analisis MANOVA dan -Hotteling.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik dengan model pembelajaran TS–TS dengan pendekatan konsepyang nilainya 70 mencapai target; (2) keaktifan belajar matematika peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TSdengan pendekatan konsep lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional; (3) prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TSdengan pendekatan konsep lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional; (4) ada perbedaan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar matematika antara peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TS dengan pendekatan konsep dengan pembelajaran konvensional; (5) keaktifan dan prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik menggunakan model pembelajaran TS–TSdengan pendekatan konseplebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional.
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran TTW Dengan Alat Peraga Ditinjau Dari Gaya Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Anita Eka Pebri Nur , Dwi Wahyuningsih Eleonora 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga, dengan model konvensional. (2) prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga, lebih baik daripada model konvensional ditinjau dari gaya belajar visual. (3) prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model konvensional, lebih baik daripada model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga ditinjau dari gaya belajar auditori. (4) prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga, lebih baik daripada model konvensional ditinjau dari gaya belajar kinestetik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Negeri Slawi Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak dua kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen dan dua kelas sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes prestasi belajar matematika yang telah teruji validitas reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran serta daya beda dan angket gaya belajar yang telah teruji validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji anova(analisis ragam satu arah) dengan desain rancangan acak kelompok(RAK) dan uji t satu pihak kanan yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji prasyarat terlebih dahulu yaitu uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (1) ada perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga, dengan model konvensional. (2) prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga, lebih baik daripada model konvensional ditinjau dari gaya belajar visual. (3) prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model konvensional, tidak lebih baik daripada model pembelajaran TTW dengan alat peraga ditinjau dari gaya belajar auditori. (4) prestasi belajar matematika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajarn TTW dengan alat peraga, lebih baik daripada model konvensional ditinjau dari gaya belajar kinestetik
Per un barbiere di qualità
Authors: Freitas J. B de Souza 
Published: August 2021

Nestes nossos tempos gerundistas e de valores-isopores o apelo ao eufemismo e à grandiloquência torna-se palavra de ordem e progresso.
Oficinas mecânicas passam a ser chamadas de centros automotivos, açougues transmutam-se em butiques de carnes e sapatarias em recuperadoras de calçados.Daí a gente olha em volta e começa igualmente a não achar mais nem barbearias nem barbeiros.Quedê, perguntamos, a Tesoura de Ouro do Carlão? Pois seu salão ganhou a neomodernosa indicação de Cabeleireiro Masculino e virou ele esteticista capilar. Bate daí saudade danada – possivelmente, diria
Minha aldeia, meu quintal
Authors: Soneghet Marilena 
Published: August 2021

... É quase uma aldeia onde moro - a Barra do Jucu. Vim em busca de mim mesma (e penso que me encontrei) numa casa simples em rua de chão de terra, na paz tranquila do canto dos passarinhos, nas pegadas beira-mar.
Arte de areia: sobre a arte de nosso tempo
Authors: Kothe Flávio R. 
Published: August 2021

A arte hoje não se define mais como aparição sensível da ideia ou da verdade. Ela não diz mais. No máximo, sugere. Isso quer dizer que sua significação é algo que apenas se acena de longe pelos significados postos e propostos pela obra. Ela é antes ausência que presença, antes um balbuciar do que uma fala. Como diz Paul Celan:
NENHUMA ARTE DE AREIA MAIS, nenhum livro de areia, mestre nenhum.
Nada de lance de dados. Quantosmudos?Dez e sete.
Tua pergunta – tua resposta.Teu canto, o que sabe?
Fundonaneve,
Uonaeve,
U – e – e.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbentuk Booklet Materi Masuk dan Berkembangnya Islam ke Indonesia Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri Tugumulyo
Authors: Anggelia Mita 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to develop a history booklet about the entry and development of Islam in Indonesia for class X SMA Negeri Tugumulyo according to the 2013 curriculum. This research is development research using a 4-D model which consists of four stages, namely: definition, design, development, and dissemination. Based on the results of the analysis of the assessment by three experts, namely linguists, media experts, and material experts, it shows that the material history booklet of the entry and development of Islam into Indonesia fulfills the valid category with an average score of 3,21. While the results of the analysis of the student assessment sheet consisting of 31 people, it was found that the history booklet of material entry and development of Islam into Indonesia fulfilled the practical category with an average score of 3,60. The result of the t-hitung is 7,472, the significance level is a=0,05 with the degrees of freedom (dk/df) 31, the t-tabel is 1,697 with a significance of 0,000, which means it is smaller than 0,05, there is a significant relationship, meaning that the history booklet material for the entry and development of Islam into Indonesia is valid, practical, and effective.