bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of pre‐analytical sample handling effects on a panel of Alzheimer's disease–related blood‐based biomarkers: Results from the Standardization of Alzheimer's Blood Biomarkers (SABB) working group
Authors: Verberk Inge M. W. , Misdorp Els O. , Koelewijn Jannet , Ball Andrew J. , Blennow Kaj , Dage Jeffrey L. , Fandos Noelia , Hansson Oskar , Hirtz Christophe , Janelidze Shorena , Kang Sungmin , Kirmess Kristopher , Kindermans Jana , Lee Ryan , Meyer Matthew R. , Shan Dandan , Shaw Leslie M. , Waligorska Teresa , West Tim , Zetterberg Henrik , Edelmayer Rebecca M. , Teunissen Charlotte E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionPre‐analytical sample handling might affect the results of Alzheimer's disease blood‐based biomarkers. We empirically tested variations of common blood collection and handling procedures.MethodsWe created sample sets that address the effect of blood collection tube type, and of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid plasma delayed centrifugation, centrifugation temperature, aliquot volume, delayed storage, and freeze–thawing. We measured amyloid beta (Aβ)42 and 40 peptides with six assays, and Aβ oligomerization‐tendency (OAβ), amyloid precursor protein (APP)699‐711, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NfL), total tau (t‐tau), and phosphorylated tau181.ResultsCollection tube type resulted in different values of all assessed markers. Delayed plasma centrifugation and storage affected Aβ and t‐tau; t‐tau was additionally affected by centrifugation temperature. The other markers were resistant to handling variations.DiscussionWe constructed a standardized operating procedure for plasma handling, to facilitate introduction of blood‐based biomarkers into the research and clinical settings.
Rational Design of Axially Chiral Styrene‐Based Organocatalysts and Their Application in Catalytic Asymmetric (2+4) Cyclizations
Authors: Liu Si‐Jia , Chen Zhi‐Han , Chen Jia‐Yi , Ni Shao‐Fei , Zhang Yu‐Chen , Shi Feng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA new class of axially chiral styrene‐based thiourea tertiary amine catalysts, which have unique characteristics such as an efficient synthetic route, multiple chiral elements, and multiple activating groups, has been rationally designed. These new chiral catalysts have proven to be efficient organocatalysts, enabling the chemo‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselective (2+4) cyclization of 2‐benzothiazolimines with homophthalic anhydrides in good yields (up to 96 %) with excellent stereoselectivities (all >95:5 dr, up to 98 % ee). More importantly, theoretical calculations elucidated the important role of an axially chiral styrene moiety in controlling both the reactivity and enantioselectivity. This work not only represents the first design of styrene‐based chiral thiourea tertiary amine catalysts and the first catalytic asymmetric (2+4) cyclization of 2‐benzothiazolimines, but also gives an in‐depth understanding of axially chiral styrene‐based organocatalysts.
A Metal‐Organic Framework (MOF)‐Based Multifunctional Cargo Vehicle for Reactive‐Gas Delivery and Catalysis
Authors: Kittikhunnatham Preecha , Leith Gabrielle A. , Mathur Abhijai , Naglic Jennifer K. , Martin Corey R. , Park Kyoung Chul , McCullough Katherine , Jayaweera H. D. A. Chathumal , Corkill Ryan E. , Lauterbach Jochen , Karakalos Stavros G. , Smith Mark D. , Garashchuk Sophya , Chen Donna A. , Shustova Natalia B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe efficient delivery of reactive and toxic gaseous reagents to organic reactions was studied using metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs). The simultaneous cargo vehicle and catalytic capabilities of several MOFs were probed for the first time using the examples of aromatization, aminocarbonylation, and carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions. These reactions highlight that MOFs can serve a dual role as a gas cargo vehicle and a catalyst, leading to product formation with yields similar to reactions employing pure gases. Furthermore, the MOFs can be recycled without sacrificing product yield, while simultaneously maintaining crystallinity. The reported findings were supported crystallographically and spectroscopically (e.g., diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy), foreshadowing a pathway for the development of multifunctional MOF‐based reagent‐catalyst cargo vessels for reactive gas reagents as an attractive alternative to the use of toxic pure gases or gas generators.
Results of the 2021 AORN Salary and Compensation Survey
Authors: Bacon Donald R. , Stewart Kim A. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTAORN conducted its 19th annual compensation survey for perioperative nurses in June and July of 2021. A multiple regression model was used to examine how several variables, including job title, education level, certification, experience, and geographic region, affect perioperative nurse compensation. Comparisons between the 2021 data and data from previous years are presented. The effects of other forms of compensation (eg, on‐call compensation, overtime, bonuses, shift differentials, benefits) on total compensation are also examined. Additional analyses explore the current state of the nursing shortage and the sources of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
Optically Active Cyclic Oligomers Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane
Authors: Tanaka Kentaro , Inoue Ryo , Morisaki Yasuhiro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOptically active cyclic dimer, trimer, and tetramer, in which the p‐arylene‐ethynylenes were stacked, were prepared using enantiopure 4,7,12,15‐tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane as the chiral building block. All molecules exhibited clear Cotton effects in their absorption bands with mirror image spectra, and the signals of the longest wavelengths of the (Rp)‐ and (Sp)‐isomers were positive and negative, respectively. Their circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signs corresponded with the those of the first Cotton effect. For all molecules, molecular orbitals were localized in one of the stacked p‐arylene‐ethynylenes in the excited states, resulting in a similar photoluminescence behavior. Although the cyclic dimer did not emit CPL, the cyclic trimer and tetramer exhibited intense CPL emissions with a relatively high dissymmetry factor in the order of 10−3. Their optical and chiroptical properties were reproduced by time‐dependent density functional theory calculations.
Ellagic acid as a potent anticancer drug: A comprehensive review on in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery studies
Authors: Mohammadinejad Arash , Mohajeri Taraneh , Aleyaghoob Ghazaleh , Heidarian Fatemeh , Kazemi Oskuee Reza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEllagic acid as a polyphenol or micronutrient, which can be naturally found in different vegetables and fruits, has gained considerable attention for cancer therapy due to considerable biological activities and different molecular targets. Ellagic acid with low hydrolysis and lipophilic and hydrophobic nature is not able to be absorbed in circulation. So, accumulation inside the intestinal epithelial cells or metabolization to other urolithins leads to the limitation of direct evaluation of EA effects in clinical studies. This review focuses on the studies which supported anticancer activity of pure or fruit‐extracted ellagic acid through in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery methods. The results demonstrate ellagic acid modulates the expression of various genes incorporated in the cancer‐related process of apoptosis and proliferation, inflammation related‐gens, and oxidative‐related genes. Moreover, the ellagic acid formulation in carriers composed of lipid, silica, chitosan, iron‐ bovine serum albumin nanoparticles obviously enhanced the stable release and confident delivery with minimum loss. Also, in silico analysis proved that ellagic acid was able to be placed at a position of cocrystal ADP, in the deep cavity of the protein target, and tightly interact with binding pocket residues leading to suppression of substrate availability of protein and its activation inhibition.
Better communication between experts is needed to solve the environmental origins of birth defects
Authors: Sparrow Duncan B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMore than 6% of babies are born with a structural or functional defect, and many of these need special care and treatment to survive and thrive. Such defects can be inherited, arise through exposure to altered conditions or compounds in the womb, or result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Since the 1940s, animal experiments and epidemiological studies have identified many environmental factors that can cause particular birth defects. More recently, advances in genomics have allowed a simple genetic diagnosis in ∼ 30% of birth defects. However, the cause of the remainder is a mystery. I believe that a key limiter to successful identification of new environmental factors is that clinicians, epidemiologists and developmental biologists all approach the topic from different angles. I propose that better communication between such experts will further increase our understanding of the environmental causes of birth defects, and potentially reduce their global burden.
The protective effect of metformin against testicular damage in diabetes and prostate cancer model
Authors: Koroglu Aydın Pınar , Karabulut ‐Bulan Omur , Bugan Ilknur , Turkyilmaz Ismet Burcu , Altun Seyhan , Yanardag Refiye 
Published: November 2021

Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of breast, colorectal, pancreatic and prostate cancer. Metformin, an oral biguanide used to treat diabetes, has anti‐hyperglycaemic, anti‐hyperinsulinemic and antioxidant activities. The effects of metformin on testicular tissue damage in cancer and diabetic + cancer rat models were evaluated histologically, immunohistochemically and biochemically. The diabetic model was produced in Copenhagen rats using a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg), while prostate cancer was induced through subcutaneous inoculation of 2 × 104 Mat‐LyLu cells into the animals. At the end of the experimental period, testicular tissues with a close functional relationship to the prostate were collected. Histological evaluation found moderate to severe damage to testes following the diabetes and cancer process. Histopathological and biochemical impairments were observed in the early stage of prostate cancer, which were increased in the diabetic animals. Metformin administration reversed these injuries and provided substantial protection of the testes. In particular, metformin had protective effects on tissue damage, apoptosis, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. This suggests that metformin should be further investigated as a targeted protective drug against prostate cancer‐related damage to the testes.
Fluorine Doping Induced Crystal Space Change and Performance Improvement of Single Crystalline LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Layered Cathode Materials
Authors: Huang Xiao , Zhang Pengfei , Liu Zhaofeng , Ma Ben , Zhou Yingke , Tian Xiaohui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Yingke Zhou from the Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology (China). The cover picture shows the improvement of high‐nickel single crystal LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 layered cathode materials by the controllable fluorine doping. The doped single crystal material shows excellent Li‐insertion performance and has potential for application in power batteries. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.202100756.
Association between body composition and chemotherapy‐related toxicity in children with lymphoma and rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Wadhwa Aman , Adams Kandice M. , Dai Chen , Richman Joshua S. , McDonald Andrew M. , Williams Grant R. , Bhatia Smita 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundBody composition is associated with chemotherapy toxicity (chemotoxicity) in adults with cancer; this association remains unexplored in children with cancer.MethodsUsing baseline computed tomography scans of 107 children with Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 45), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 42), or rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 20), this study examined body composition (skeletal muscle index [SMI], skeletal muscle density [SMD], and height‐adjusted total adipose tissue [hTAT]) to determine its association with chemotoxicity. Clinical characteristics and chemotoxicities were abstracted from medical records. Primary outcomes included grade 4 or higher hematologic toxicities and grade 3 or higher nonhematologic toxicities within 6 months of the diagnosis. Logistic regression models accounting for repeated measures were constructed to examine the association between body composition indices and chemotoxicities; adjustments were made for age at diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, cancer type, risk group, body mass index (measured as a percentile), or body surface area.ResultsThe median SMI was 41.0 cm2/m2 (range, 25.8‐68.6 cm2/m2), the median SMD was 54.1 HU (range, 35‐69.4 HU), and the median hTAT was 19.5 cm2/m2 (range, 0‐226.7 cm2/m2). Grade 4 or higher hematologic toxicities and grade 3 or higher nonhematologic toxicities were observed in 74.7% and 66.3% of the chemotherapy cycles, respectively. A higher SMD at diagnosis was associated with lower odds of grade 4 or higher hematologic toxicity (odds ratio [OR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85‐0.97; P = .004). SMI (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95‐1.04; P = .7) and hTAT (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99‐1.01; P = .9) were not associated with hematologic toxicities. Nonhematologic toxicities did not show any association with body composition.ConclusionsThe association between low SMD and hematologic toxicities in children with lymphoma or rhabdomyosarcoma could be due to body composition–based biodistribution of chemotherapeutic agents and needs further investigation.Lay Summary

Body composition at cancer diagnosis in children with lymphoma and rhabdomyosarcoma may provide information that could identify those at risk for serious side effects from chemotherapy.

Routinely used measures such as body mass index and body surface area show poor correlations with body composition assessed via computed tomography scans.
Stability of biomaterials used in adjunct to coronally advanced flap: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Panda Sourav , Khijmatgar Shahnawaz , Arbildo‐Vega Heber , Das Abhaya Chandra , Kumar Manoj , Das Mohit , Mancini Leonardo , Del Fabbro Massimo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe objective of this network meta‐analysis was to rank different biomaterials used in adjunct to coronally advanced flap (CAF), based on their performance in root‐coverage for Miller's Class I and II gingival recessions.Materials and methodsAn electronic database search was carried out in PUBMED, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, and EMBASE to identify the eligible articles and compiled into the citation manager to remove the duplicates. The primary outcome was keratinized gingival tissue width (KGW) and percentage of root coverage (%RC). The treatment effect of different biomaterials was estimated using predictive interval plots and ranked based on biomaterials performance, using multidimensional scale ranking.ResultsCAF + connective tissue graft (CTG), CAF + platelet concentrate matrix (PCM) and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) ranked at the top positions in performance in improving KGW. The highest ranked materials in improving percentage of root coverage in gingival recession were CAF + collagen matrix (CM) + gingival fibroblasts (GF), CAF + ADM + platelet rich plasma (PRP) and CAF + ADM, as compared to CAF alone.ConclusionCTG, ADM, platelet concentrates, and CM + GFs, when used in adjunct to CAF, showed improved stability over ≥12 months of follow‐up, better percentage of root coverage, and improved keratinized gingival width.
Preparation of Practical High‐Performance Electrodes for Acidic and Alkaline Media Water Electrolysis
Authors: Moon Gun‐hee , Wang Yue , Kim Seongseop , Budiyanto Eko , Tüysüz Harun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of electrocatalyst and the electrode preparation were merged into a one‐step process and proved to be a versatile method to synthesize metal oxide electrocatalysts on the conductive carbon paper (CP). Very simply, the metal precursor deposited on the CP was thermally treated by a torch‐gun for just 6 s, resulting in the formation of RuO2, Co3O4, and mixed oxide nanoparticles. The material could be directly used as working electrode for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Compared with commercial and other state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts, the fabricated electrode showed a superior electrocatalytic activity for OER in 1 mHClO4and 1 mKOH in terms of not only a low overpotential to reach 10 mA cm−2but also a high current density at 1.6 VRHEwith satisfying a long‐term stability. The novel strategy without requiring time‐consuming and uneconomical steps could be expanded to the preparation of various metal oxides on conductive substrates towards diverse electrocatalytic applications.
Triple‐Phase Boundary in Anion‐Exchange Membrane Reactor Enables Selective Electrosynthesis of Aldehyde from Primary Alcohol
Authors: Ido Yuto , Fukazawa Atsushi , Furutani Yuka , Sato Yasushi , Shida Naoki , Atobe Mahito 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Prof. Mahito Atobe at Yokohama National University, Japan. The image shows an anion‐exchange membrane (AEM) reactor enabling selective oxidation of a primary alcohol to a corresponding aldehyde by the electrochemical reaction at the triple‐phase boundary. The Communication itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202102076.
Explaining reinforcement and erroneous beliefs in pathological exercise: A commentary and expansion on Coniglio et al. (in press) using the pathways model of disordered gambling
Authors: Tabri Nassim , Wohl Michael J. A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConiglio, Cooper, and Selby proposed that behavioral reinforcement may be critical for understanding the etiology and maintenance of pathological exercise among people living with anorexia nervosa. They presented three competing hypotheses about why exercise can become problematic: (a) positive reinforcement via biological and behavioral rewards, (b) negative reinforcement via avoidance of aversive states, or (c) a synergistic interplay between positive and negative reinforcement. Herein, we extend Coniglio and colleagues' framework by drawing on theory and research from the field of disordered gambling—a behavior in which reinforcement is an etiological and maintaining mechanism. We applied the pathways model of disordered gambling to the study of pathological exercise and made the following two proposals. First, pathological exercise may be driven by positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, or both (they are not mutually exclusive), depending on the presence or absence of specific co‐occurring psychopathologies. Second, erroneous beliefs about the safety and efficacy of maladaptive exercise for weight control may help maintain pathological exercise regardless of the type of reinforcement. We conclude by calling for research that assesses Coniglio and colleagues' novel hypotheses and our supposition that the pathways model can help provide a framework for those hypotheses.
Bis(amido)diazadiarsetidinide and Amido(imino)arsenide Complexes of Divalent Metals
Authors: Ritter Christian , von Hänisch Carsten 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Mg and Ca complexes of the tert‐butyl substituted bis(amido)diazadiarsetidinides [{(tBuNAs)2(tBuN)2}M(thf)2] (M=Mg (1), Ca (6)) were prepared by addition of nBu‐secBuMg or [{(p‐tBu)(C6H4)CH2}2Ca] to [(tBuNAs)2(tBuNH)2] (Ia). Upon evaporation of coordinating THF, 1 is selectively converted to the amido(imino)arsenide complex [Mg{As(NtBu)2}2] (2) whereas 6 decomposes to several products under these conditions. Hydrolysis of 2 with H2O yields the hitherto unknown compound As(NHtBu)3 (3) whereas hydrolysis of Ia leads to the formation of the oxygen bridged bis(amidodiazadiarsetidine) [O{(tBuNH)(tBuNAs)2}2] (4). Reaction of 2 with 3 yields the heteroleptic Mg complex with an amido(imino)arsenide and a bis(amido)diazadiarsetidinide ligand [{(tBuNAs)2(NHtBu)(NtBu)}Mg{As(NtBu)2}] (5). The homologous Ca compound (7) was obtained by conversion of Ia with Ca(hmds)2 (hmds=N(SiMe3)2). Finally, the tetrylene complexes [E{(tBuNAs)2(tBuN)2}] (E=Ge (8), Sn (9), Pb (10)) were prepared by either conversion of Ia with E(hmds)2 for E=Sn, Pb or by addition of the dichlorides of Ge and Sn to [(tBuNAs)2(tBuNLi)2] (Ib). All compounds were characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single crystal x‐ray diffraction for 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 10.
Aqueous Zirconium‐MOF Synthesis Assisted by α‐Cyclodextrin: Towards Deeper Understanding of the Beneficial Role of Cyclodextrin
Authors: Hoyez Guillaume , Rousseau Cyril , Rousseau Jolanta , Saitzek Sébastien , Ponchel Anne , Monflier Eric 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA series of isoreticular zirconium‐organic frameworks based on the UiO‐66 family have been synthesized through a co‐modulated hydrothermal method. Our synthetic approach relies on the use of α‐cyclodextrin to co‐modulate the textural properties of the UiO‐66 analogues. We have undertaken a systematic study aiming at exploring how the addition of α‐CD to the reaction mixture can affect or not the properties of UiO‐66 Zr‐MOFs, choosing various substituted benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acids and pyridine‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid as representative organic linkers. The proportion of α‐CD with respect to each ligand can be easily tuned during synthesis, and depending on the chemical structure of the ligands, the oligosaccharide is found to substantially impact the characteristics of the UiO‐66 derivatives. A rationale is proposed to explain the crucial role that α‐CD plays, considering that one of the key parameters is the water solubility of the organic linkers.
Double‐Headed Nucleotides with Increased Base‐Pairing Affinity and Specificity
Authors: Beck Kasper M. , Pham Robert L. , Nanim Rita A. , Laustsen Anders , Nielsen Poul 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDouble‐headed nucleotides, i. e., nucleotides that hold two nucleobases each, have been shown to be double‐functional in DNA duplexes by forming two sets of Watson−Crick base pairs, and thus mimicking dinucleotides. Herein, we present three new double‐headed nucleotides, UT+, UA+ and UClU, with the non‐natural nucleobases 5‐(3‐aminopropynyl)uracil (T+), 7‐(3‐aminopropynyl)‐7‐deazaadenine (A+) and 5‐chlorouracil (ClU) attached to the 2′‐position of arabinouridine via a methylene‐linker. With extended π‐systems and amino groups for electrostatic interaction with the DNA backbone, incorporation of UT+ and UA+ increased duplex stability compared to their unmodified predecessors, UT and UA. For UT+, discrimination of mismatches was slightly improved compared to UT, whereas this was not the case for UA+. The UClU analogue also increased duplex stability compared to UT and provided better mismatch discrimination than both UT and UT+. Thereby it represents the leading bis‐uracil double‐headed nucleotide analogue.