bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and conformational analysis of an anti‐β2,3‐amino acid as a building block for unnatural peptide helices
Authors: Choi Sunglim , Choi Soo Hyuk 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAnti‐β2,3‐amino acids are a class of acyclic β‐amino acids that usually stabilize β‐sheet‐like conformations of unnatural peptides. (2S,3R)‐3‐amino‐2‐ethylpentanoic acid (AEPA) is a diethyl‐substituted anti‐β2,3‐amino acid that can be regarded as an acyclic analog of cis‐2‐aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, which is known to promote the α/β‐peptide 11/9‐helix and the β‐peptide 12/10‐helix. We report that AEPA can be incorporated into the two unnatural peptide helices without disrupting helical folding. Crystal structure data reveal that the anti‐β2,3‐residue adopts unconventional gauche (+) conformation in those unnatural peptide helices.
Detecting Parental Deception in the Child Safeguarding Context
Authors: Fox Leah 
Published: December 2021

Amid a scarce body of literature examining the ability of practitioners to distinguish between truthful and deceptive behaviours by parents, this qualitative study evaluated how social workers, healthcare professionals and police officers identified parental deception in child safeguarding contexts. Using constructivist grounded theory, primary data were obtained through interviews and observations with multiagency child safeguarding professionals from three local authorities in England. Results indicate that multiagency practitioners identify and respond differently to features of parental deception. Social workers and healthcare practitioners distinguish between malicious and benign parental deception, and do not acknowledge benign untruths told by parents as lies. All practitioners in the police, social work and healthcare are familiar with various parental deception tactics in their practices, and they rely on their intuition and practice wisdom in detecting deception.‘This qualitative study evaluated how social workers, healthcare professionals and police officers identified parental deception in child safeguarding contexts’Key Practitioner Messages

Child safeguarding multiagency practitioners identify and respond differently to features of parental deception.
Multiagency professionals identify falsification, omission, evasion and distraction as important behaviour characteristics of parental deception.
Deception tactics are deployed selectively by parents with different multiagency practitioners: avoidance, intimidation and refusal to engage are indicators of possible lies in social care; parents are ‘sticking together’ in police practice; and tactics such as aggression, parents exaggerating symptoms and having no explanation for children's injuries are present in healthcare settings.
A critical discursive psychology approach to understanding how disaster victims are delegitimized by hostile Twitter posts: Racism, victim‐blaming, and forms of attack following the Grenfell Tower fire
Authors: Tekin Selin , Drury John 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this study, we aim to investigate how expressions of racism, victim‐blaming, and attacks in different forms might function to delegitimize the support that victims might receive from the public. In order to understand how different forms of attacks in language happened to delegitimize the victims of the Grenfell Tower fire, we collected 416 hostile tweets from Twitter and used a critical discursive psychology approach to understand what was said, how it was said, and how it functioned. We found that attacking the victims was accomplished in two ways: (a) Twitter posts drew upon a conspiracy theory in which survivors and victims benefitted from the support of a supposed ‘liberal establishment’, and (b) Twitter posts delegitimized victims via ascribing them illegitimate identities. We also discuss the importance of counter‐discourses that might be used to challenge these attacks and facilitate the representation of community empowerment when there is a disaster.
Successful ruxolitinib administration for a patient with steroid‐refractory idiopathic pneumonia syndrome following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tomomasa Dan , Isoda Takeshi , Mitsuiki Noriko , Yamashita Motoi , Morishita Aoi , Tomoda Takahiro , Okano Tsubasa , Endo Akifumi , Kamiya Takahiro , Yanagimachi Masakatsu , Imai Kohsuke , Kanegane Hirokazu , Takagi Masatoshi , Morio Tomohiro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIdiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) is an acute lung complication observed after the early posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) period. Ruxolitinib was effective for a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome who developed severe IPS after second HSCT. No severe adverse effects were observed. Ruxolitinib may be an alternative choice for HSCT‐related IPS.
Unusual presentation of oral hemangioma in tongue and the potential use of propolis as an adjunctive treatment
Authors: Susan Susan , Ravalia Munir , Zulhendri Felix 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTongue hemangioma is a rare case of vascular tumors that causes symptoms such as pain, bleeding, difficulty in chewing, speaking, and breathing. We report a case of an oral lobular capillary hemangioma on the dorsal surface of the tongue treated with surgical excision and postoperative application of propolis extract.
Iron‐Catalyzed Epoxidation of Linear α‐Olefins with Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Mao Shuxin , Budweg Svenja , Spannenberg Anke , Wen Xiaodong , Yang Yong , Li Yong‐Wang , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe combination of Fe(OTf)2 with N‐methyl bis(picolylamine) (Me‐bpa) L7 enables epoxidation of linear olefins including terminal, internal, and cyclic ones, using hydrogen peroxide as terminal oxidant under mild conditions. In the presence of picolinic acid as additive improved yields of epoxides up to 75 % have been achieved.
Carbonated hydroxyapatite‐assisted visible light degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Asimeng Bernard Owusu , Obeng Ernest Emmanuel , Obeng‐Gyasi Obed , Alipoormazandarani Niloofar , Annan Ebenezer , Nyankson Emmanuel , Efavi Johnson Kwame , Tiburu Elvis Kwason , Foster E. Johan , Czernuszka Jan T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCarbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAp) material was prepared from calcite and phosphate‐containing solution using the wet chemical precipitation method. The CHAp material was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from simulated contaminated water and further degraded the MB with the help of visible light (VL). The structure of the CHAp was characterized using X‐ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, Branuer–Emmett–Teller analysis, and scanning electron microscopy, while the energy bandgap, Eg, reaction rate constant and MB removal/degradation efficiencies were studied using UV‐Vis spectroscopy. The characterization data revealed that the CHAp was a type‐B carbonate‐substituted hydroxyapatite material with a nonmicroporous network with an Eg of 2.26–2.82 eV. The Eg allowed VL entrapment that resulted in reactive free radicals that degraded the MBs in the CHAp. The reaction rate constant, K, and removal efficiencies, R, were modeled using the exponential decay function and descriptive statistics (DS), respectively. In close approximation, the K values of the reaction under VL were doubled when compared to the reaction under dark conditions. Under dark and under VL efficiencies, the DS showed a negative and zero skewness for MB removal by CHAp, respectively. The findings show that VL exposure on the CHAp causes a faster reaction rate constant and a higher MB removal efficiency within the time constraints, which would revolutionize dye removal from water industries in terms of cost‐effectiveness.
CISH and IHC for the Simultaneous Detection of ZIKV RNA and Antigens in Formalin‐Fixed Paraffin‐Embedded Cell Blocks and Tissues
Authors: Corchuelo Sheryll , Gómez Claudia Y. , Rosales Alicia A. , Santamaria Gerardo , Rivera Jorge Alonso , Saad Edgar Parra , Torres‐Fernández Orlando , Rengifo Aura Caterine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractZika virus is an arthropod‐borne virus that has recently emerged as a significant public health emergency due to its association with congenital malformations. Serological and molecular tests are typically used to confirm Zika virus infection. These methods, however, have limitations when the interest is in localizing the virus within the tissue and identifying the specific cell types involved in viral dissemination. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are common histological techniques used for intracellular localization of RNA and protein expression, respectively. The combined use of CISH and IHC is important to obtain information about RNA replication and the location of infected target cells involved in Zika virus neuropathogenesis. There are no reports, however, of detailed procedures for the simultaneous detection of Zika virus RNA and proteins in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples. Furthermore, the chromogenic detection methods for Zika virus RNA published thus far use expensive commercial kits, limiting their widespread use. As an alternative, we describe here a detailed and cost‐effective step‐by‐step procedure for the simultaneous detection of Zika virus RNA and proteins in FFPE samples. First, we describe how to synthesize and purify homemade RNA probes conjugated with digoxygenin. Then, we outline the steps to perform the chromogenic detection of Zika virus RNA using these probes, and how to combine this technique with the immunodetection of viral antigens. To illustrate the entire workflow, we use FFPE samples derived from infected Vero cells as well as from human and mouse brain tissues. These methods are highly adaptable and can be used to study Zika virus or even other viruses of public health relevance, providing an optimal and economical alternative for laboratories with limited resources. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of RNA probes conjugated with digoxigenin (DIG)Basic Protocol 2: Simultaneous detection of ZIKV RNA and proteins in FFPE cell blocks and tissues
Traits and underlying genetics important for low‐input organic sorghum production
Authors: Boyles Richard E. , Ackerman Arlyn J. , Kresovich Stephen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a potential crop for organic production that could help meet the demand increase in organic food products and feed grains, but no efforts have been made to improve sorghum breeding tools, techniques, and methods for this cropping system. Based on revelations in other crops, focal traits and their prioritization to optimize sorghum for organic use likely differs from conventional sorghum breeding targets. This study evaluated yield performance, agronomic characteristics, and biotic stress resistance under certified organic practices in a range of grain sorghum genotypes that included 70 hybrids, 72 advanced breeding lines, and 43 diverse accessions, as well as 10 sweet sorghum cultivars and four commercial maize hybrids. Multiyear, multilocation trial data demonstrated that sorghum can be effectively produced using sustainable and organic inputs, but hybrid or cultivar selection is extremely important for success as entry means for grain yield ranged from 26 to 5,970 kg ha−1. Yields of top sorghum entries rivaled commercially available maize (Zea mays) hybrids. Overall, hybrids significantly outperformed inbred lines as heterosis proved beneficial for influential agronomic traits, although a Clemson F6 advanced breeding line, PV20_0426, ranked second in yield. Sugarcane aphid tolerance, increased canopy closure, and grain mold resistance were positively correlated with grain yield and should be considered target traits for breeding sorghum hybrids and cultivars for organic use. Depending on possible seed production constraints, developing pure line cultivars with the proper trait package may be effective to diminish this potential obstacle for the organic sorghum market.
Wave propagation in a doubly tapered shear beam: Model and application to a pyramid‐shaped skyscraper
Authors: Todorovska Maria I. , Girmay Eyerusalem A. , Wang Fangbo , Rahmani Mohammadtaghi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOne dimensional wave propagation is studied in a cantilever conical structure deforming in shear. The structure has rectangular cross‐section both dimensions of which decrease linearly along the polar axis (hence, doubly tapered). The equation motion is derived and solved in terms of spherical Bessel functions, which can be expressed exactly as finite algebraic expressions in terms of powers and sine and cosine functions of the polar coordinate. The transfer‐matrix for a truncated pyramid element is then derived and generalized to a chain of elements. The model is used to represent a 48‐story pyramid‐shaped steel‐frame skyscraper, the Transamerica Tower in San Francisco, California, in which the Loma Prieta, 1989 earthquake (, epicentral distance, km) was recorded by an array of accelerometers. The building is modeled by homogeneous and layered truncated pyramids. Wave propagation through the building is studied by analysis of impulse response functions computed from the observed earthquake accelerations. In addition, its equivalent homogeneous beam shear‐wave velocity is identified solely from its geometry and observed fundamental frequency of vibration. Further, the variation of wave velocity along is height is identified by least squares fit of a layered pyramid model in the observed impulse response functions. The results reveal equivalent homogeneous pyramid wave velocity of about 150–160 m/s in both directions, which is similar to other steel‐frame structures. The identified wave velocity profiles are consistent with the structural design. The identified parameters can be used as reference in future structural health monitoring of this structure.
Stepping Up: A U.S. Perspective on the Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries
Authors: Carlson Andrew K , Taylor William W , DeVries Dennis R , Ferreri C Paola , Fogarty Michael J , Hartman Kyle J , Infante Dana M , Kinnison Michael T , Levin Simon A , Melstrom Richard T , Newman Raymond M , Pinsky Malin L , Rubenstein Daniel I , Sullivan S Mažeika P , Venturelli Paul A , Weber Michael J , Wuellner Melissa R , Zydlewski Gayle B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries are global recommendations to address the subordinate position of inland fisheries in sustainability dialogues. Regional and local perspectives are essential for implementing global initiatives. Hence, we surveyed state fisheries agency administrators and American Fisheries Society Governing Board members about the importance, funding, and achievability of the Steps. Respondents rated Science, Communication, and Assessment as highly important, well funded, and achievable steps, unlike Aquaculture and a global Action Plan. Nutrition was rated the most inadequately supported yet achievable step, highlighting an opportunity to promote nutritional contributions of inland fisheries. Opinions were similar between administrators and Governing Board members across U.S. regions, suggesting a foundation for incorporating underemphasized steps into management programs by building multi-organizational partnerships and applying lessons from better integrated steps (e.g., Science, Assessment). Overall, the Steps can advance freshwater science and management in the United States while increasing the visibility of inland fisheries that are rarely prioritized globally.
Synchrony in head and neck surgery: Feasibility and outcomes of simultaneous scapular free flap reconstruction
Authors: Deane Emily C. , Liu Alice Q. , Nguyen Sally , Anderson Donald W. , Durham James Scott , Prisman Eitan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe scapula free flap is a versatile option in head and neck reconstruction but is less amenable to simultaneous harvest and ablation.MethodsRetrospective series (2015–2021) of consecutive scapula flaps. Cases categorized as simultaneous versus sequential, compared for operative time, oncological and patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsSeventy consecutive scapula free flaps were performed (n = 21 simultaneous, n = 49 sequential). Mandible reconstruction was performed in 51.0% and 61.9% of sequential and simultaneous cases, respectively; 49.0% and 38.1% addressed bony maxillary defects. Simultaneous surgery reduced operative time by 37.9% (151 min, p < 0.00001) and there were fewer tracheostomies performed (p < 0.005). Rates of positive margins and free flap compromise were equivalent (n = 1, 4.8% vs. n = 2, 4.1%). There was no difference in patient‐reported outcomes.ConclusionsThis series demonstrates feasibility, efficacy, and outcomes of bony scapula reconstruction of maxillofacial defects comparing simultaneous and sequential approaches. Benefits of the two‐team approach are highlighted including decreased operative time.
Openness and growth: Is the relationship non‐linear?
Authors: Gupta Rangan , Stander Lardo , Vaona Andrea 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing an augmented two‐sector endogenous growth model for a small, open economy characterized by human capital accumulation and productive government expenditure, we analyse the nature of the relationship between openness and growth. External openness enters the human capital accumulation function directly. Productive government expenditure affects human capital accumulation, relying on seigniorage revenue as finance where seigniorage is itself dependent on the level of openness. The findings indicate two, opposing effects of openness on growth ‐ a direct effect of openness on growth through knowledge spillovers that affect human capital accumulation, and an indirect effect of decreasing seigniorage revenue on growth through decreasing productive government expenditure on human capital. We discuss conditions under which the openness‐growth curve can be concave/convex, without specifying theoretical functional forms or values to unknown parameters in the model to provide concise theoretical results. Rather, drawing samples of exact model‐match countries over –, we rely on a semi‐parametric, data‐driven empirical approach to provide empirical impetus to the theoretical outcomes reported. We show the relationship between openness and growth is non‐linear. Specifically, inverted U–shaped. The result suggests that openness only have a positive impact on the growth‐rate until a certain threshold‐level, thereafter, the effect is negative.
Comprehensive histological imaging of native microbiota in human glioma
Authors: Zhao Jiajia , He Dian , Lai Hei Ming , Xu Yingying , Luo Yunhao , Li Ting , Liang Jianhao , Yang Xiaodu , Guo Linlang , Ke Yiquan , Zhou Hongwei , Wu Wutian , Guo Hongbo , Sun Haitao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMounting evidence suggests that distinct microbial communities reside in tumors and play important roles in tumor physiology. Recently, a previous study profiled the composition and localization of intratumoral bacteria using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing and histological visualization methods across seven tumor types, including human glioblastoma. However, their results based on traditional histological examinations should be further validated considering potential sources of contamination originating from sample collection and processing. Here, we aim to propose a three‐dimensional (3D) in situ intratumoral microbiota visualization and quantification protocol avoiding surface contamination and provide a comprehensive histological investigation on local bacteria within human glioma samples. We develop a 3D quantitative in situ intratumoral microbiota imaging strategy, combining tissue clearing, immunofluorescent labeling, optical sectioning microscopy, and image processing, to visualize bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) within gliomas in a direct, contaminant‐free, and unambiguous manner. Through an automated statistical algorithm, reliable signals can be distinguished for further analysis of their sizes, distribution, and fluorescence intensities. In tandem, we also combined 2D images obtained from thin‐section histological methods, including immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization, to provide comprehensive histological imaging for local bacterial components within human glioma samples. We have, for the first time, achieved 3D quantitative imaging of bacterial LPS colonized in gliomas in a contamination‐free manner within human glioma samples. We also built the multiple histological evidence chain demonstrating the irregular shapes and sparse distribution of bacterial components within human glioma samples, mostly localized near nuclear membranes or in the intercellular space. This study provides favorable evidence for the presence of microbiota in human gliomas and provides information on the feature and distribution of bacterial components. The results, along with the integrated 3D quantitative intratumoral microbiota imaging method, are promising to provide insightful information into the direct interactions between the microbial community and the host in the tumor microenvironment.
School counselors’ leadership experiences in multi‐tiered systems of support: Prioritizing relationships and shaping school climate
Authors: Goodman‐Scott Emily , Ziomek‐Daigle Jolie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAmple scholarship describes the importance of school counselors aligning their work with multi‐tiered systems of support (MTSS). However, there exists limited research describing school counselors' leadership in MTSS. Researchers conducted a phenomenological investigation of school counselors’ experiences as leaders in MTSS (N = 10). According to the results, school counselors reported that their MTSS leadership prioritized relationships and shaped the school climate. Included is a literature review and discussion grounded in school counseling leadership theory.
Increased structural covariance in brain regions for number processing and memory in children with developmental dyscalculia
Authors: Michels Lars , Buechler Roman , Kucian Karin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDevelopmental dyscalculia (DD) is a developmental learning disability associated with deficits in processing numerical and mathematical information. Several studies demonstrated functional network alterations in DD. Yet, there are no studies, which examined the structural network integrity in DD. We compared whole‐brain maps of volume based structural covariance between 19 (4 males) children with DD and 18 (4 males) typically developing children. We found elevated structural covariance in the DD group between the anterior intraparietal sulcus to the middle temporal and frontal gyrus (p < 0.05, corrected). A hippocampus subfield analysis showed higher structural covariance in the DD group for area CA3 to the parahippocampal and calcarine sulcus, angular gyrus and anterior part of the intraparietal sulcus as well as to the lingual gyrus. Lower structural covariance in this group was seen for the subiculum to orbitofrontal gyrus, anterior insula and middle frontal gyrus. In contrast, the primary motor cortex (control region) revealed no difference in structural covariance between groups. Our results extend functional magnetic resonance studies by revealing abnormal gray matter integrity in children with DD. These findings thus indicate that the pathophysiology of DD is mediated by both structural and functional abnormalities in a network involved in number processing and memory function.