bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energetic Basis for Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Congestion in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Burrage Matthew K. , Hundertmark Moritz , Valkovič Ladislav , Watson William D. , Rayner Jennifer , Sabharwal Nikant , Ferreira Vanessa M. , Neubauer Stefan , Miller Jack J. , Rider Oliver J. , Lewis Andrew J.M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Transient pulmonary congestion during exercise is emerging as an important determinant of reduced exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We sought to determine whether an abnormal cardiac energetic state underpins this process.

Methods:
We recruited patients across the spectrum of diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF (controls, n=11; type 2 diabetes, n=9; HFpEF, n=14; and severe diastolic dysfunction attributable to cardiac amyloidosis, n=9). Cardiac energetics were measured using phosphorus spectroscopy to define the myocardial phosphocreatine to ATP ratio. Cardiac function was assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance cine imaging and echocardiography and lung water using magnetic resonance proton density mapping. Studies were performed at rest and during submaximal exercise using a magnetic resonance imaging ergometer.

Results:

Paralleling the stepwise decline in diastolic function across the groups (E/e′ ratio;
P
<0.001) was an increase in NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide;
P
<0.001) and a reduction in phosphocreatine/ATP ratio (control, 2.15 [2.09, 2.29]; type 2 diabetes, 1.71 [1.61, 1.91]; HFpEF, 1.66 [1.44, 1.89]; cardiac amyloidosis, 1.30 [1.16, 1.53];
P
<0.001). During 20-W exercise, lower left ventricular diastolic filling rates (r=0.58;
P
<0.001), lower left ventricular diastolic reserve (r=0.55;
P
<0.001), left atrial dilatation (r=–0.52;
P
<0.001), lower right ventricular contractile reserve (right ventricular ejection fraction change, r=0.57;
P
<0.001), and right atrial dilation (r=–0.71;
P
<0.001) were all linked to lower phosphocreatine/ATP ratio. Along with these changes, pulmonary proton density mapping revealed transient pulmonary congestion in patients with HFpEF (+4.4% [0.5, 6.4];
P
=0.002) and cardiac amyloidosis (+6.4% [3.3, 10.0];
P
=0.004), which was not seen in healthy controls (–0.1% [–1.9, 2.1];
P
=0.89) or type 2 diabetes without HFpEF (+0.8% [–1.7, 1.9];
P
=0.82). The development of exercise-induced pulmonary congestion was associated with lower phosphocreatine/ATP ratio (r=–0.43;
P
=0.004).

Conclusions:
A gradient of myocardial energetic deficit exists across the spectrum of HFpEF. Even at low workload, this energetic deficit is related to markedly abnormal exercise responses in all 4 cardiac chambers, which is associated with detectable pulmonary congestion. The findings support an energetic basis for transient pulmonary congestion in HFpEF.
National Trends and Disparities in Hospitalization for Acute Hypertension Among Medicare Beneficiaries (1999–2019)
Authors: Lu Yuan , Wang Yun , Spatz Erica S. , Onuma Oyere , Nasir Khurram , Rodriguez Fatima , Watson Karol E. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
In the past 2 decades, hypertension control in the US population has not improved and there are widening disparities. Little is known about progress in reducing hospitalizations for acute hypertension.

Methods:
We conducted serial cross-sectional analysis of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries age 65 years or older between 1999 and 2019 using Medicare denominator and inpatient files. We evaluated trends in national hospitalization rates for acute hypertension overall and by demographic and geographical subgroups. We identified all beneficiaries admitted with a primary discharge diagnosis of acute hypertension on the basis of International Classification of Diseases codes. We then used a mixed effects model with a Poisson link function and state-specific random intercepts, adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, and dual-eligible status, to evaluate trends in hospitalizations.

Results:
The sample consisted of 397 238 individual Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries. From 1999 through 2019, the annual hospitalization rates for acute hypertension increased significantly, from 51.5 to 125.9 per 100 000 beneficiary-years; the absolute increase was most pronounced among the following subgroups: adults ≥85 years (66.8–274.1), females (64.9–160.1), Black people (144.4–369.5), and Medicare/Medicaid insured (dual-eligible, 93.1–270.0). Across all subgroups, Black adults had the highest hospitalization rate in 2019, and there was a significant increase in the differences in hospitalizations between Black and White people from 1999 to 2019. Marked geographic variation was also present, with the highest hospitalization rates in the South. Among patients hospitalized for acute hypertension, the observed 30-day and 90-day all-cause mortality rates (95% CI) decreased from 2.6% (2.27–2.83) and 5.6% (5.18–5.99) to 1.7% (1.53–1.80) and 3.7% (3.45–3.84) and 30-day and 90-day all-cause readmission rates decreased from 15.7% (15.1–16.4) and 29.4% (28.6–30.2) to 11.8% (11.5–12.1) and 24.0% (23.5–24.6).

Conclusions:
Among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries age 65 years or older, hospitalization rates for acute hypertension increased substantially and significantly from 1999 to 2019. Black adults had the highest hospitalization rate in 2019 across age, sex, race and ethnicity, and dual-eligible strata. There was significant national variation, with the highest rates generally in the South.
Change in angle of depressed medial tibial plateau following extra-articular mechanical realignment surgery in children with Blount’s disease who presented late for treatment
Authors: Phang Zi Hao , Albaker Mohammed , Gunalan Roshan , Lee Adrian Yen Xian , Saw Aik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to determine whether any change in degree of medial tibia plateau depression after extra-articular mechanical realignment surgery was observed in children with Blount’s disease who presented late for treatment in their adolescence and young adulthood.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the radiographic parameters of 22 patients (32 lower limbs) with Blount’s disease who underwent gradual correction of deformity using a ring external fixator without surgical elevation of the depressed medial tibial plateau at a mean age of 15 (range 10–37) years. Preoperative and postoperative angles of depressed medial tibia plateau (ADMTPs) of the same patient were compared for any significant change. Normally distributed data were analysed using Student’s t-test when comparing two groups or one-way analysis of variance when comparing more than two groups. Skewed data were analysed using Mann–Whitney test.

Results:
After extra-articular mechanical alignment surgery, statistically significant improvements in medial tibial plateau depression were seen in the infantile (P = 0.03) and juvenile (P = 0.04) Blount’s subgroups. Change in ADMTP was greater in patients who were operated on at age <17 years, before skeletal maturity (P = 0.001). The improvement was likely due to ossification of unossified cartilage at the posteromedial proximal tibia and the remodelling potential of proximal tibia physis after mechanical realignment.

Conclusion:
Improvement of medial tibia plateau depression is possible after mechanical realignment without surgical hemiplateau elevation in cases of infantile and juvenile Blount’s disease that present late for treatment, especially when the operation is performed before 17 years of age.
Biographies and Bodies of Pupils of the Amsterdam Maritime Institute, 1792–1943
Authors: Quanjer Björn , Kok Jan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this article, the authors describe and explore the dataset Pupils of the Amsterdam Maritime Institute 1792–1943, which is based on the Comportementboeken of the Amsterdam Maritime Institute. These records contain biographical information and bodily measurements of aspirant sailors between 12 and 20 years of age. The authors have linked the records (N = 5439) to enrolment records and the examinations for the military draft, which provides unique data on historical adolescent growth rates. Apart from anthropometric research, the dataset can be used for different kinds of studies into the background and early careers of Dutch sailors.
COVID-19 and CAR T cells: a report on current challenges and future directions from the EPICOVIDEHA survey by EHA-IDWP
Authors: Busca Alessandro , Salmanton-García Jon , Corradini Paolo , Marchesi Francesco , Cabirta Alba , Di Blasi Roberta , Dulery Remy , Lamure Sylvain , Farina Francesca , Weinbergerová Barbora , Batinić Josip , Nordlander Anna , López-García Alberto , Drgoňa Ľuboš , Espigado-Tocino Ildefonso , Falces-Romero Iker , García-Sanz Ramón , García-Vidal Carolina , Guidetti Anna , Khanna Nina , Kulasekararaj Austin , Maertens Johan , Hoenigl Martin , Klimko Nikolai , Koehler Philipp , Pagliuca Antonio , Passamonti Francesco , Cornely Oliver A. , Pagano Livio 
Published: November 2021

Key Points
The EHA-IDWP developed an observational registry collecting data on COVID-19 infection in patients who received CAR T-cell therapy. Prevalence of COVID-19 was 4.8%, and overall mortality was 50%, highlighting the need for prevention of infection in these patients.
Bacterial profile of high-touch surfaces, leftover drugs and antiseptics together with their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Firesbhat Atsedewoyn , Tigabu Abiye , Tegene Birhanemeskel , Gelaw Baye 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The hospital environment serves as a source of nosocomial infections, which pose a major therapeutic challenge. Although many bacteria species are common in hospital environments, their distribution, frequency, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern from high-touch surfaces, leftover drugs, and antiseptics in different wards remain largely unknown. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and frequency of bacterial contaminants and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Methods
A total of 384 samples were collected from five selected wards and processed according to standard bacteriological procedures. Samples were collected from high-touch surface using swabs and inoculated on Blood agar, MacConkey agar, Chocolate agar and Mannitol salt agar plates, and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. On the other hand, the leftover drugs and 80% ethanol samples were collected using sterile cotton swab immersed in sterile tryptone soy broth then inoculated on culture medias and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Identification of bacteria species was done using the morphological characteristics, Gram stain, and biochemical tests while antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique following the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute 2021guidelines.

Results
Among the 384 samples processed, 102 (26.6%) were culture positive and a total of 114 bacterial isolates were identified. Gram-positive bacterial isolates were predominant, 64.9%, while Gram-negatives were 35.1%. The most frequently isolated bacteria were coagulase negative Staphylococci (38.6%) followed by S. aureus (13.2%) and P. aeruginosa (11.4%). On the other hand, the proportion of bacteria isolated from surgical ward, post-natal ward, orthopedic ward, trauma ward, and neonatal intensive care unit ward were 24.6, 21, 20.2, 18.4,15.8%, respectively. Sinks were mainly contaminated with Klebsiella species (81.8%) and A. baumannii (55.6%), while A. baumannii (22.2%) was the most contaminant for 80% ethanol. Gram-positive bacteria had significantly high resistance levels to penicillin (67.6%), cotrimoxazole (67.8%), and cefepime (80%). On the other hand, Gram-negative bacteria revealed the highest resistance levels to tetracycline (82.4%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (76.5%), cefepime (66.7%), ceftazidime (67.5%), and piperacillin (92.3%). Moreover, the proportion of multidrug resistant bacteria isolates was 44.7%.

Conclusions
Data of the present study showed that coagulase negative Staphylococci was the dominant bacterial isolates followed by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The proportion of multi-drug resistant bacteria isolates was relatively high. Therefore, appropriate infection prevention and control measures should be implemented.
Comparison of chrysanthemum flowers grown under hydroponic and soil-based systems: yield and transcriptome analysis
Authors: Ai Penghui , Liu Xiaoqi , Li Zhongai , Kang Dongru , Khan Muhammad Ayoub , Li Han , Shi Mengkang , Wang Zicheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Flowers of Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat. are used as tea in traditional Chinese cuisine. However, with increasing population and urbanization, water and land availability have become limiting for chrysanthemum tea production. Hydroponic culture enables effective, rapid nutrient exchange, while requiring no soil and less water than soil cultivation. Hydroponic culture can reduce pesticide residues in food and improve the quantity or size of fruits, flowers, and leaves, and the levels of active compounds important for nutrition and health. To date, studies to improve the yield and active compounds of chrysanthemum have focused on soil culture. Moreover, the molecular effects of hydroponic and soil culture on chrysanthemum tea development remain understudied.

Results
Here, we studied the effects of soil and hydroponic culture on yield and total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid contents in chrysanthemum flowers (C. morifolium ‘wuyuanhuang’). Yield and the total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid contents of chrysanthemum flowers were higher in the hydroponic culture system than in the soil system. Transcriptome profiling using RNA-seq revealed 3858 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between chrysanthemum flowers grown in soil and hydroponic conditions. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment annotation revealed that these differentially transcribed genes are mainly involved in “cytoplasmic part”, “biosynthetic process”, “organic substance biosynthetic process”, “cell wall organization or biogenesis” and other processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed enrichment in “metabolic pathways”, “biosynthesis of secondary metabolites”, “ribosome”, “carbon metabolism”, “plant hormone signal transduction” and other metabolic processes. In functional annotations, pathways related to yield and formation of the main active compounds included phytohormone signaling, secondary metabolism, and cell wall metabolism. Enrichment analysis of transcription factors also showed that under the hydroponic system, bHLH, MYB, NAC, and ERF protein families were involved in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and plant hormone signal transduction.

Conclusions
Hydroponic culture is a simple and effective way to cultivate chrysanthemum for tea production. A transcriptome analysis of chrysanthemum flowers grown in soil and hydroponic conditions. The large number of DEGs identified confirmed the difference of the regulatory machinery under two culture system.
Case report of Ureaplasma urealyticum meningitis in a patient with thymoma and hypogammaglobulinaemia
Authors: Zhang Ting , Li Haiyan , Hou Shuping , Yu Huanxin , Yue Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) is found among the normal vaginal flora in a considerable proportion of asymptomatic women; however, adult central nervous system (CNS) infection of UU is extremely rare. Good's syndrome (GS) is an adult-onset immunodeficiency characterized by thymoma, hypogammaglobulinaemia, low or absent B‑cells, and an inverted CD4+/CD8+ T‑cell ratio. Patients with GS usually have severe or recurrent infections.

Case presentation
We describe the case report of a 49-year-old woman who developed UU meningitis. Initial routine anti-viral and anti-bacterial therapy showed no improvement in the patient's condition. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) identified the UU DNA sequence. Accordingly, a diagnosis of UU meningitis was made, and minocycline therapy was initiated. The patient responded favourably, with no signs of disease at subsequent follow-up. According to the severity and rarity of the case, secondary immunodeficiency was suspected. Flow cytometry found hypogammaglobulinaemia. Combined with the previous history of thymoma, the patient was diagnosed with immune deficiency disease of GS.

Conclusions
This case may be the first adult case report in the literature describing UU meningitis in a patient with GS. The diagnosis of GS should be considered in patients presenting with unexplained antibody deficiency and thymoma.
Ambiguous definitions for baseline serum creatinine affect acute kidney diagnosis at the emergency department
Authors: Niemantsverdriet Michael , Khairoun Meriem , El Idrissi Ayman , Koopsen Romy , Hoefer Imo , van Solinge Wouter , Uffen Jan Willem , Bellomo Domenico , Groenestege Wouter Tiel , Kaasjager Karin , Haitjema Saskia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence is increasing, however AKI is often missed at the emergency department (ED). AKI diagnosis depends on changes in kidney function by comparing a serum creatinine (SCr) measurement to a baseline value. However, it remains unclear to what extent different baseline values may affect AKI diagnosis at ED.

Methods
Routine care data from ED visits between 2012 and 2019 were extracted from the Utrecht Patient Oriented Database. We evaluated baseline definitions with criteria from the RIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO guidelines. We evaluated four baseline SCr definitions (lowest, most recent, mean, median), as well as five different time windows (up to 365 days prior to ED visit) to select a baseline and compared this to the first measured SCr at ED. As an outcome, we assessed AKI prevalence at ED.

Results
We included 47,373 ED visits with both SCr-ED and SCr-BL available. Of these, 46,100 visits had a SCr-BL from the − 365/− 7 days time window. Apart from the lowest value, AKI prevalence remained similar for the other definitions when varying the time window. The lowest value with the − 365/− 7 time window resulted in the highest prevalence (21.4%). Importantly, applying the guidelines with all criteria resulted in major differences in prevalence ranging from 5.9 to 24.0%.

Conclusions
AKI prevalence varies with the use of different baseline definitions in ED patients. Clinicians, as well as researchers and developers of automatic diagnostic tools should take these considerations into account when aiming to diagnose AKI in clinical and research settings.
Comparison of bone and articular cartilage changes in osteoarthritis: a micro-computed tomography and histological study of surgically and chemically induced osteoarthritic rabbit models
Authors: Sulaiman Sharifah Zakiah Syed , Tan Wei Miao , Radzi Rozanaliza , Shafie Intan Nur Fatiha , Ajat Mokrish , Mansor Rozaihan , Mohamed Suhaila , Ng Angela Min Hwei , Lau Seng Fong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifaceted condition that affects both the subchondral bones and the articular cartilage. Animal models are widely used as an effective supplement and simulation for human OA studies in investigating disease mechanisms and pathophysiology. This study is aimed to evaluate the temporal changes of bone and cartilage in surgically and chemically induced osteoarthritis using micro-computed tomography and histology.

Methods
Thirty rabbits underwent either anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) procedure or injected intraarticularly with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA, 8 mg) at the right knee joint. The subchondral bones were scanned via micro-CT, and articular cartilage was assessed histologically at 4-, 8- and 12-week post-induction.

Results
Based on bone micro-architecture parameters, the surgically induced group revealed bone remodelling processes, indicated by increase bone volume, thickening of trabeculae, reduced trabecular separation and reduced porosity. On the other hand, the chemically induced group showed active bone resorption processes depicted by decrease bone volume, thinning of trabeculae, increased separation of trabecular and increased porosity consistently until week 12. Histologically, the chemically induced group showed more severe articular cartilage damage compared to the surgically induced group.

Conclusions
It can be concluded that in the ACLT group, subchondral bone remodelling precedes articular cartilage damage and vice versa in the MIA group. The findings revealed distinct pathogenic pathways for both induction methods, providing insight into tailored therapeutic strategies, as well as disease progression and treatment outcomes monitoring.
Health concerns and use of biomass energy in households: voices of women from rural communities in Western Uganda
Authors: Kyayesimira Juliet , Muheirwe Florence 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Over the years, there has been advocacy for use of improved cookstoves as one of the initiatives towards reducing overdependence on biomass energy. There is growing concern that the use of biomass energy may expose users to pollution which may be detrimental to their health. This study aimed at examining the health concerns of women attributed to access and use of biomass fuel in rural areas of Western Uganda.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed where 193 respondents and 10 key informants participated in the interviews. Four focused group discussions were held in the districts of Mbarara and Bushenyi in Western Uganda. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, while qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic approach.

Results
Dependence on biomass energy may expose users especially women to both physical and psychological health challenges. Findings suggest that the type of cookstove and cooking structure contribute to indoor air pollution. Women are exposed to pollution while preparing meals using biomass fuel which may lead to respiratory complications and other health-related challenges. Additionally, while gathering biomass fuel, women may be exposed to other risks and hazards that may lead to poor health and or trauma.

Conclusion
It is crucial for different stakeholders from both the public and private sectors to promote use of improved cookstoves through sensitization programs, promotional campaigns, and development of supportive regulatory frameworks for the well-being of women and their families.