bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravesical docetaxel for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin failure
Authors: Shantharam Govind , Amin Ali , Pereira Jorge , Kott Ohad , Mueller-Leonhard Catrina , Mega Anthony , Golijanin Dragan , Gershman Boris 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
There are limited bladder-preserving therapeutic options for patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after failed Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy. Salvage intravesical docetaxel therapy was described in 2006 but has not been validated outside of the original institution. In this study, we presented the first external report on the oncologic outcomes of intravesical docetaxel.

Materials and methods:
We identified 13 patients with high-risk NMIBC treated with ≥1 course of intravesical BCG who received salvage intravesical docetaxel. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Associations of clinicopathologic features with RFS were evaluated using Cox regression.

Results:
Median age was 75.2 years, and 46.2% of patients were male. Of the patients 92.3% had a prior diagnosis of high-grade T1 disease, 38.5% had a prior diagnosis of carcinoma in situ, and 46.2% had received ≥2 courses of BCG. Only 1 (7.7%) patient experienced docetaxel-related toxicity. Nine (69.2%) patients had a complete response at initial post-docetaxel cystoscopy. During a median follow-up of 12.0 (interquartile range 5.0–18.1) months, a total of 7 (53.8%) patients developed recurrence. Median time to recurrence was 10.1 (interquartile range 4.8–11.6) months. Estimated RFS at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-months was 75%, 50%, 50%, and 25%. Three (23.1%) patients ultimately underwent cystectomy. On univariable analysis, multiple courses of induction BCG were associated with decreased RFS, although this did not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio 4.69, p = 0.08).

Conclusions:
In this first external validation study, intravesical docetaxel was associated with excellent response rates and intermediate-term RFS among patients with high-risk NMIBC after failed BCG therapy.
Global, regional, and national burden of migraine in 204 countries and territories, 1990 to 2019
Authors: Safiri Saeid , Pourfathi Hojjat , Eagan Arielle , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Khodayari Mohammad Taghi , Sullman Mark J.M. , Kaufman Jay , Collins Gary , Dai Haijiang , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Kolahi Ali-Asghar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were used to report the burden of migraine in 204 countries and territories during the period 1990 to 2019, through a systematic analysis of point prevalence, annual incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD). In 2019, the global age-standardised point prevalence and annual incidence rate of migraine were 14,107.3 (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI] 12,270.3-16,239) and 1142.5 (95% UI 995.9-1289.4) per 100,000, an increase of 1.7% (95% UI 0.7%-2.8%) and 2.1% (95% UI 1.1%-2.8%) since 1990, respectively. Moreover, the global age-standardised YLD rate in 2019 was 525.5 (95% UI 78.8-1194), an increase of 1.5% (95% UI –4.4% to 3.3%) since 1990. The global point prevalence of migraine in 2019 was higher in females and increased by age up to the 40 to 44 age group, then decreased with increased age. Belgium (22,400.6 [95% UI: 19,305.2-26,215.8]), Italy (20,337.7 [95% UI: 17,724.7-23,405.8]), and Germany (19,436.4 [95% UI: 16,806.2-22,810.3]) had the 3 highest age-standardised point prevalence rates for migraine in 2019. In conclusion, there were large intercountry differences in the burden of migraine, and this burden increased significantly across the measurement period. These findings suggest that migraine care needs to be included within the health system to increase population awareness regarding the probable risk factors and treatment strategies especially among young adults and middle-aged women, as well as to increase the data on migraines.
Albendazole-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Piloiu Claudia , Dumitrascu Dan L. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug used worldwide for prophylactic or curative treatment. Side effects include diarrhea, abdominal pain, elevated levels of hepatic transaminases, dizziness, neutropenia, and alopecia.

Areas of Uncertainty:
The main question of the systematic review is if albendazole administration can cause liver injury or liver failure.

Data sources:
Two researchers conducted the search on PubMed and the key words used were: “albendazole,” “anthelmintic,” “drug-induced liver injury,” and “acute hepatitis.” Two new case reports were included in the systematic review.

Results:
Literature search concluded in 10 cases listed on PubMed. Another 2 new case reports from our experience are included in the systematic review. Most common symptoms presented are jaundice, anorexia, and vomiting after the single-use of albendazole or long-term usage. All cases presented high levels of transaminases, with remission after stopping the administration of albendazole. The treatment with albendazole was mostly given for liver hydatid cysts or empirically.

Conclusions:
Albendazole is a prescription-based drug used by most patients without medical advice, without knowing the risk of side effects. The anthelmintic drug may induce liver injury, even in small doses; in result, practitioners and patients should take this information in consideration.
Script Concordance and the Think-Aloud Approach Through the Lens of Cognitive Apprenticeship Theory
Authors: Tedesco-Schneck Mary 
Published: April 2021

Background
Script concordance (SC) and the think-aloud (TA) approach informed by cognitive apprenticeship theory can promote clinical reasoning.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine whether SC with the TA approach based on the tenets of cognitive apprenticeship theory facilitated clinical reasoning in senior-level prelicensure nursing students in a baccalaureate program.

Methods
This study was executed in a didactic pediatric nursing course using a quantitative, nonexperimental design. Creation of the SC/TA learning activity was grounded in cognitive apprenticeship theory and based on the SC testing/TA testing method.

Results
Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed a difference (P = .001 and .003) between earlier and later SC scores for the fall 2018 cohort.

Conclusion
The SC/TA teaching/learning activity informed by cognitive apprenticeship theory offers a leveled approach to foster clinical reasoning in prelicensure nursing education.
Biobehavioral Aspects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review
Authors: Hall Peter A. , Sheeran Paschal , Fong Geoffrey T. , Cheah Charissa S. L. , Oremus Mark , Liu-Ambrose Teresa , Sakib Mohammad N. , Butt Zahid A. , Ayaz Hasan , Jandu Narveen , Morita Plinio P. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
This review highlights the scope and significance of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with a focus on biobehavioral aspects and critical avenues for research.

Methods
A narrative review of the published research literature was undertaken, highlighting major empirical findings emerging during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
Interactions among biological, behavioral, and societal processes were prominent across all regions of the globe during the first year of the COVID-19 emergency. Affective, cognitive, behavioral, socioeconomic, and technological factors all played a significant role in the spread of infection, response precautions, and outcomes of mitigation efforts. Affective symptoms, suicidality, and cognitive dysfunction have been widely described consequences of the infection, the economic fallout, and the necessary public health mitigation measures themselves. The impact of COVID-19 may be especially serious for those living with severe mental illness and/or chronic medical diseases, given the confluence of several adverse factors in a manner that appears to have syndemic potential.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic has made clear that biological and behavioral factors interact with societal processes in the infectious disease context. Empirical research examining mechanistic pathways from infection and recovery to immunological, behavioral, and emotional outcomes is critical. Examination of how emotional and behavioral factors relate to the pandemic—both as causes and as effects—can provide valuable insights that can improve management of the current pandemic and future pandemics to come.
Positive Psychosocial Factors and Oxytocin in the Ovarian Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Cuneo Michaela G. , Szeto Angela , Schrepf Andrew , Thaker Premal H. , Goodheart Michael , Cole Steve W. , Sood Anil K. , McCabe Philip M. , Mendez Armando J. , Lutgendorf Susan K. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Clinical ovarian cancer research shows relationships between psychosocial factors and disease-promoting aspects of the stress response (e.g., norepinephrine and cortisol). However, little is known about how psychosocial factors might relate to beneficial hormones in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Here we examine relationships between psychosocial factors and tumor-associated oxytocin, a hormone linked to survival and antitumor processes in ovarian cancer.

Methods
Patients with ovarian cancer (n = 96) completed assessments of positive psychosocial factors (social support, positive affect, and purpose in life) and distress (perceived stress and depression) at the time of surgery. Levels of oxytocin and interleukin (IL) 6 in ascites fluid were obtained during surgery and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multiple regression analyses adjusting a priori for patient age and disease stage examined associations between psychosocial factors and ascites oxytocin. IL-6 was used as a covariate in secondary analyses to examine the potentially confounding effects of inflammation in these relationships.

Results
Higher levels of positive affect (β = 0.22, p = .034), purpose in life (β = 0.31, p = .021), and social nurturance (β = 0.24, p = .024) were all related to higher levels of tumor-associated oxytocin at the time of surgery. In contrast, we found no effects for distress or social attachment. Relationships between oxytocin, purpose in life, and social nurturance were independent of IL-6, whereas positive affect was no longer significant with IL-6 in the model.

Conclusions
Tumor-associated oxytocin may be a previously uninvestigated link in the relationship between psychosocial factors and health in ovarian cancer. Future studies should examine causal mechanisms of relationships observed in this study.
The Health Behavior Model of Personality in the Context of a Public Health Crisis
Authors: Willroth Emily C. , Smith Angela M. , Shallcross Amanda J. , Graham Eileen K. , Mroczek Daniel K. , Ford Brett Q. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended behavioral measures to slow the spread of COVID-19, such as social distancing and wearing masks. Although many individuals comply with these recommendations, compliance has been far from universal. Identifying predictors of compliance is crucial for improving health behavior messaging and thereby reducing disease spread and fatalities.

Methods
We report preregistered analyses from a longitudinal study that investigated personality predictors of compliance with behavioral recommendations in diverse US adults across five waves from March to August 2020 (n = 596) and cross-sectionally in August 2020 (n = 405).

Results
Agreeableness—characterized by compassion—was the most consistent predictor of compliance, above and beyond other traits, and sociodemographic predictors (sample A, β = 0.25; sample B, β = 0.12). The effect of agreeableness was robust across two diverse samples and sensitivity analyses. In addition, openness, conscientiousness, and extraversion were also associated with greater compliance, but effects were less consistent across sensitivity analyses and were smaller in sample A.

Conclusions
Individuals who are less agreeable are at higher risk for noncompliance with behavioral mandates, suggesting that health messaging can be meaningfully improved with approaches that address these individuals in particular. These findings highlight the strong theoretical and practical utility of testing long-standing psychological theories during real-world crises.
Psychological Distress Reported by Primary Care Physicians in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zeng Xin , Peng Tao , Hao Xiaofei , Zou Chuan , Lin Kai , Liao Xiaoyang , Chen Shanping , Hayhoe Benedict 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Primary care physicians (PCPs) play a key role in responding to the COVID-19 epidemic. The objective of this study was to explore the influencing factors associated with self-reported psychological distress among a sample of PCPs in China in relation to COVID-19.

Methods
An online survey was distributed to a sample of PCPs in Chengdu city between February 10 and February 13, 2020. The survey consisted of three sections: demographic characteristics, COVID-19–related questions, and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). After 5 months, a follow-up survey investigating the change of the GHQ-12 was conducted.

Results
A total of 712 PCPs completed the baseline survey (11.8% of those invited), 55.6% were female and 74.4% were aged between 30 and 49 years. High levels of psychological distress (GHQ-12 ≥3) were observed in 29.2% and were associated with low preparedness, high work impact, working with infected residents, personal life impact, and concerns, as well as older age and being married (p values < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that psychological distress was associated with low preparedness (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.87–0.96), high work impact (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03–1.20), personal life impact (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.07–1.17), and safety-related concerns (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02–1.16). At the 5-month assessment point, high psychological distress was less frequent (21.8%).

Conclusions
COVID-19 has resulted in high levels of distress in approximately 30% of PCPs in China. Factors associated with high psychological distress levels include low preparedness and high levels of work impact, personal life impact, and concerns. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing psychological health throughout the course of infectious pandemics.
CanDIG: Secure Federated Genomic Queries and Analyses Across Jurisdictions
Authors: Dursi L. Jonathan , Bozoky Zoltan , de Borja Richard , Li Jimmy , Bujold David , Lipski Adam , Rashid Shaikh Farhan , Sethi Amanjeev , Memon Neelam , Naidoo Dashaylan , Coral-Sasso Felipe , Wong Matthew , Quirion P-O , Lu Zhibin , Agarwal Samarth , Pavlov Kat , Ponomarev Andrew , Husic Mia , Pace Krista , Palmer Samantha L. , Grover Stephanie A. , Hakgor Sevan , Siu Lillian L. , Malkin David , Virtanen Carl , Pugh Trevor J. , Jacques Pierre-Étienne , Joly Yann , Jones Steven J. M. , Bourque Guillaume , Brudno Michael 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRapid expansions of bioinformatics and computational biology have broadened the collection and use of -omics data including genomic, transcriptomic, methylomic and a myriad of other health data types, in the clinic and the laboratory. Both clinical and research uses of such data require co-analysis with large datasets, for which participant privacy and the need for data custodian controls must remain paramount. This is particularly challenging in multi-jurisdictional settings, such as Canada, where health privacy and security requirements are often heterogeneous. Data federation presents a solution to this, allowing for integration and analysis of large datasets from various sites while abiding by local policies.The Canadian Distributed Infrastructure for Genomics platform (CanDIG) enables federated querying and analysis of -omics and health data while keeping that data local and under local control. It builds upon existing infrastructures to connect five health and research institutions across Canada, relies heavily on standards and tooling brought together by the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH), implements a clear division of responsibilities among its participants and adheres to international data sharing standards. Participating researchers and clinicians can therefore contribute to and quickly access a critical mass of -omics data across a national network in a manner that takes into account the multi-jurisdictional nature of our privacy and security policies. Through this, CanDIG gives medical and research communities the tools needed to use and analyze the ever-growing amount of -omics data available to them in order to improve our understanding and treatment of various conditions and diseases. CanDIG is being used to make genomic and phenotypic data available for querying across Canada as part of data sharing for five leading pan-Canadian projects including the Terry Fox Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre Consortium Network (TF4CN) and Terry Fox PRecision Oncology For Young peopLE (PROFYLE), and making data from provincial projects such as POG (Personalized Onco- Genomics) more widely available.
Microbial Rhodopsins are Increasingly Favored over Chlorophyll in High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll waters
Authors: Hassanzadeh Babak , Thomson Blair , Deans Fenella , Wenley Jess , Lockwood Scott , Currie Kim , Morales Sergio E. , Steindler Laura , Sañudo-Wilhelmy Sergio A. , Baltar Federico , Gómez-Consarnau Laura 
Published: April 2021

Microbial rhodopsins are simple light-harvesting complexes that, unlike chlorophyll photosystems, have no iron requirements for their synthesis and phototrophic functions. Here we report the first environmental concentrations of rhodopsin along the Subtropical Frontal Zone off New Zealand, where Subtropical waters encounter the iron-limited Subantarctic High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region. Rhodopsin concentrations were highest in HNLC waters where chlorophyll-aconcentrations were lowest. Furthermore, while the ratio of rhodopsin to chlorophyll-aphotosystems was on average 20 along the transect, this ratio increased to over 60 in HNLC waters. We further show that microbial rhodopsins are abundant in both picoplankton (0.2-3μm) and in the larger (>3μm) size fractions of the microbial community containing eukaryotic plankton and/or particle-attached prokaryotes. These findings suggest that rhodopsin phototrophy could be critical for microbial plankton to adapt to resource-limiting environments where photosynthesis and possibly cellular respiration are impaired.Originality-Significance statementHigh Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regimes cover approximately 30% of the global ocean surface and play a crucial role in the Earth’s carbon cycle. Here we show that microbial rhodopsins are particularly abundant in a HNLC region of the Subantarctic ocean, where chlorophyll abundance is relatively low and photosynthesis and respiration might be impaired due to iron limitation. These data suggest that rhodopsin phototrophy can contribute significantly to the energy budgets of HNLC regions, capturing meaningful amounts of light that cannot be channeled through photosynthesis.
Insight into Canary Island pine physiology provided by stable isotope patterns of water and plant tissues along an altitudinal gradient
Authors: Miranda José Carlos , Lehmann Marco M. , Saurer Matthias , Altman Jan , Treydte Kerstin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Canary Islands, an archipelago east of Morocco’s Atlantic coast, present steep altitudinal gradients covering various climatic zones from hot deserts to subalpine Mediterranean, passing through fog-influenced cloud forests. Unlike the majority of the Canarian flora,Pinus canariensisgrow along most of these gradients, allowing the study of plant functioning in contrasting ecosystems. Here we assess the water sources (precipitation, fog) ofP. canariensisand its physiological behavior in its different natural environments. We analyzed carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of water and organics from atmosphere, soil and different plant organs and tissues (including 10-year annual time series of tree-ring cellulose) of six sites from 480 to 1990 m asl on the Canary island La Palma. We found a decreasing δ18O trend in source water that was overridden by an increasing δ18O trend in needle water, leaf assimilates and tree-ring cellulose with increasing altitude, suggesting site-specific tree physiological responses to relative humidity. Fog-influenced and fog-free sites showed similar δ13C values, suggesting photosynthetic activity to be limited by stomatal closure and irradiance at certain periods. Besides, we observed an18O-depletion (fog-free and timberline sites) and13C-depletion (fog-influenced and fog-free sites) in latewood compared to earlywood caused by seasonal differences in: (i) water uptake (i.e. deeper ground water during summer drought, fog water frequency and interception) and (ii) meteorological conditions (stem radial growth and latewood δ18O correlated with winter precipitation). In addition, we found evidence for foliar water uptake and strong isotopic gradients along the pine needle axis in water and assimilates. These gradients are likely the reason for an unexpected underestimation of pine needle water δ18O when applying standard leaf water δ18O models. Our results indicate that soil water availability and air humidity conditions are the main drivers of the physiological behavior of pine along the Canary Island’s altitudinal gradients.
Inhibition of MRN activity by a telomere protein motif
Authors: Khayat Freddy , Cannavo Elda , Alshmery Majedh , Foster William R. , Chahwan Charly , Maddalena Martino , Smith Christopher , Oliver Anthony W. , Watson Adam , Carr Antony M. , Cejka Petr , Bianchi Alessandro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe MRN complex (MRX inSaccharomyces cerevisiae) initiates the repair of DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and activates the Tel1/ATM kinase, which orchestrates the DNA damage response (DDR). Telomeres prevent DDR activation at chromosome ends, partly by keeping MRN-ATM in check. We show that the multiple activities of the MRX complex are disabled by telomeric protein Rif2 through the action of a short motif (MIN,MRN/X-inhibitory motif) at the N-terminal end of the protein. MIN executes telomeric suppression of Tel1, DDR and and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) via direct biding to the N-terminal region of Rad50. A combination of biochemical and genetic data suggests that Rif2 promotes a transition within the MRX complex that is not conductive for endonuclease activity, DNA-end tethering or Tel1 kinase activation. We suggests that the MIN motif operates in theRIF2paralogORC4(Origin Recognition Complex 4) inK. lactisand in telomeric protein Taz1 inSchizoccharomyces pombe, which is not evolutionarily related to Orc4/Rif2. These results highlight a potential Achilles’ heel in Rad50, the regulatory subunit of MRN, which we suggest has been targeted by different telomeric factors in multiple fungal lineages, raising the possibility that analogous approaches might be deployed in other Eukaryotes as well.