bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CoOx@Co‐NC Catalyst with Dual Active Centers for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution: Breaking Trade‐Off of Particle Size and Metal Loading
Authors: Yu Yalin , Gu Jiayu , Peng Chen , Xia Yun , Tan Ling , Chen Jian , Jiang Fang , Chen Huan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIncreasing the metal loading and downsizing the metal particle size are two effective ways to boost the electrochemical performance of catalysts. However, it is difficult to simultaneously increase the metal loading and reduce the particle size since isolated individual atoms are easy to aggregate into nanoparticles when increasing the metal loading. To tackle this contradiction, we report a bottom‐up ligand‐mediated strategy to facilely prepare ultrafine CoOx nanoclusters anchored on a Co‐N‐containing carbon matrix (CoOx@Co‐NC). The co‐exist of N and O atoms prevent Co atoms agglomerating into large particles and allowing the formation of ultrafine dispersed Co species with large Co loading (up to 20 wt.%). Since the relationship between ultrasmall size and large metal loading is well balanced, the CoOx nanoclusters have no inhibitory effect, but facilitate the catalytic performance of Co‐N4 sites during OER process. Consequently, due to the synergistic effect of ultrafine CoOx nanoclusters and Co‐N4 macrocycles, the as‐synthesized CoOx@Co‐NC exhibit promising OER activity (η10=370 mV, Tafel plot=40 mV/dec), bettering than that of benchmark RuO2 (η10=411 mV, Tafel plot=72 mV/dec). This ligand‐mediated strategy to synthesize carbonaceous materials containing dual active centers with large metal loading is promising for developing active and stable catalysts for electrocatalytic applications.
Self‐supporting Atmosphere‐Assisted Synthesis of 1D Mo2C‐based Catalyst for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Chen Mengying , Yang Dongrui , Wu Shifan , Zhou Jiabei , Zhou Dali , Liu Can 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOne‐dimensional materials exhibit fascinating properties in electrocatalytic applications but their fabrication faces the challenge of tedious and complicated operations. We have developed a bottom‐up strategy to construct a 1D metal carbide catalyst (Mo2C@NC) consisting of ultrafine Mo2C nanoparticles embedded within nitrogen‐doped carbon layers by simply calcining a mixture of ammonium molybdate, urea and melamine. Experimental results and thermodynamic calculations demonstrate that the retainable pyrolysis‐generated self‐supporting atmosphere plays a crucial role in the crystalline phase and morphology of materials. When functioned as an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the achieved Mo2C@NC presents an excellent catalytic activity as well as outstanding stability. This work could shed fresh light onto the facile synthesis of effective HER catalysts with 1D nanostructure.
Take your Positions and Shine: Effects of Positioning Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminophores within Sequence‐Defined Macromolecules
Authors: Pasch Peter , Killa Matthias , Junghans Hauke Lukas , Schmidt Melanie , Schmidt Stephan , Voskuhl Jens , Hartmann Laura 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA luminophore with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is employed for the conjugation onto supramolecular ligands to allow for detection of ligand binding. Supramolecular ligands are based on the combination of sequence‐defined oligo(amidoamine) scaffolds and guanidiniocarbonyl‐pyrrole (GCP) as binding motif. We hypothesize that AIE properties are strongly affected by positioning of the luminophore within the ligand scaffold. Therefore, we systematically investigate the effects placing the AIE luminophore at different positions within the overall construct, for example, in the main or side chain of the olig(amidoamine). Indeed, we can show that the position within the ligand structure strongly affects AIE, both for the ligand itself as well as when applying the ligand for the detection of different biological and synthetic polyanions.
Influence of Luminescent Nanomaterials on Plant Growth and Development
Authors: Yu Jingbo , Yu Han , Li Linlin , Ni Xiuzhen , Song Kai , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs an emerging research hotspot in nanotechnology, luminescent nanomaterials (LNMs) have attracted much attention due to their unique properties. Meanwhile, their potential release into the environment has also been investigated by researchers. Plants, as an essential part of the ecosystem, are the starting point of bioaccumulation. Thus, to understand the interaction between LNMs and plants would be one of the critical aspects of risk assessment. Currently, there are still very few reports in this field, where a potential guidance is urgently necessary. Bearing this in mind, herein, based on our own research experience, we summarize the effects of four typical kinds of LNMs (quantum dots, carbon dots, upconversion nanoparticles, and metal nanoclusters) on plant growth and development, including the transport of materials in plants and their toxicity to plants, as well as the according experimental techniques. Finally, the current challenges and prospects are pointed out, thereby hoping to provide a timely fundamental guidance for future research.
Synthesis of Sn‐MCM‐41 at Low Temperature: Effect of the Synthesis Parameters on the Structural, Textural, and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Lorenti Juliana P. , Scolari Eduardo , Finger Pedro H. , Plass Winfried , Gallo Jean Marcel R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSn containing MCM‐41 has gained attention for catalytic applications due to the recent popularization of the Sn‐Beta Zeolite as a water‐compatible Lewis acid catalyst. In the synthesis of Sn containing MCM‐41 at high temperature, it has been shown that the silica source, the type of base, and the temperature can affect the structural, textural, and catalytic properties. Herein, a sustainable synthesis of Sn‐MCM‐41 at low temperatures (25 to 75 °C) and using the low (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB)/SiO2 molar ratio of 0.11 is proposed. It is also studied the effect of the synthesis temperature, reaction pH, nature of the base, and Sn loading in the structural, textural, and catalytic properties of Sn‐MCM‐41. Sn‐MCM‐41 synthesized with NH4OH as base presented XRD patterns typical for the MCM‐41 structures, while the synthesis using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) led to porous materials with a low periodicity of the pores. Using both NH4OH or TMAOH as hydroxides allowed the introduction of Sn in the silica framework, although the materials prepared with TMAOH displayed a higher contribution of pentacoordinated and extraframework Sn. All the Sn‐MCM‐41 prepared in this work were active in converting glucose into fructose, showing performance superior to Sn‐MCM‐41 prepared at high temperature.
Forty years of the Journal of Futures Markets: A bibliometric overview
Authors: Baker H. Kent , Kumar Satish , Pandey Nitesh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study uses bibliometrics to present a retrospective on the Journal of Futures Markets (JFM) on its 40th anniversary. The Journal's annual number of publications and citations grew substantially, with US‐affiliated authors being the dominant contributors. Authorship analysis reveals an increase in collaboration and diversity among JFM authors. Bibliographic coupling analysis reveals that the Journal's main themes include commodities, volatility, trading, hedging, arbitrage and pricing, forecasting volatility, and credit default swaps. Its primary citation drivers are article age, article length, number of authors, FT100 affiliation, and references.
Circular RNAs: Novel potential regulators in embryogenesis, female infertility, and pregnancy‐related diseases
Authors: Gao Qinyu , Wang Tianjuan , Pan Linxin , Qian Cheng , Wang Juan , Xin Qiong , Liu Yajing , Zhang Zhiguo , Xu Yuping , He Xiaojin , Cao Yunxia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs with unique cyclic structures. Although they were previously considered as nonfunctional transcription byproducts, numerous studies have demonstrated that circRNAs regulate gene transcription and expression via different mechanisms. Reproductive health influences the quality of life and affects offspring propagation in women. CircRNAs have been found to modify pregnancy‐related diseases, gynecologic cancers, polycystic ovary syndrome, aging, gamete, and embryo development. It's promising for circRNAs to be the novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for multiple reproductive diseases. With the widespread application of assisted reproduction technology (ART), it has been revealed that circRNA identification contributes to estimating the quality of gametes and embryos, reflecting the success rate of ART. CRISPR‐Cas9 gene editing technology has enabled the discovery of new roles of circRNAs. So far, the roles of circRNAs in the reproductive system remain poorly defined. In this review, we describe the classification and functions of circRNAs in embryogenesis and the female reproductive system diseases, revealing potential roles of circRNAs physiologically and pathologically. In so‐doing, we provide ideas for developing circRNA‐based therapeutic treatment and clinical application of various female reproductive system diseases.
Phytoplankton biomass, dissolved organic matter, and temperature drive respiration in whole lake nutrient additions
Authors: Pace Michael L. , Buelo Cal D. , Carpenter Stephen R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLake respiration is supported by a mixture of autochthonous and allochthonous resources, but the relative significance and interaction of these sources are uncertain across gradients of primary production and organic matter inputs. We manipulated autochthonous resources by adding inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus to two lakes during three summers and monitored a third reference lake. Allochthonous resources were measured as fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). In the reference and two experimental lakes, daily estimates of respiration were made from continuously deployed oxygen sensors. Daily mean values of temperature and FDOM were determined from high‐frequency measurements along with daily measures of chlorophyll a, an index of phytoplankton biomass. We analyzed time series of respiration and tested models that used combinations of the independent variables chlorophyll, FDOM, and temperature. The best models included all three of the independent variables. Respiration increased twofold over the temperature range of 14.5–28.6°C. Respiration increased in association with phytoplankton blooms caused by the nutrient additions, but did not track blooms closely, because of large day‐to‐day variability. Respiration varied positively with FDOM that was primarily allochthonous and differed among lakes and years. We did not detect an interaction between chlorophyll and FDOM despite the large number of observations and range of chlorophyll and FDOM. Hydrologic, climatic, and land use changes are altering temperature and inputs of nutrients and organic matter to lakes. Our results indicate that these changes may lead to linear responses in ecosystem processes like respiration for the wide range of inputs represented in this study.
Dynamic Tannic Acid Hydrogel with Self‐Healing and pH Sensitivity for Controlled Release
Authors: Li Peihong , Sui Yanlong , Dai Xueyan , Fang Qiangsheng , Sima Haofei , Zhang Chunling 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDynamic hydrogels constructed with dynamic chemical bonds often have mechanical strength and self‐healing properties. In this paper, tannic acid is combined with lysine‐containing F127 through Schiff base. A series of FLaT hydrogels cross‐linked by hydrogen bonds and dynamic chemical bonds is prepared, and the influence of Schiff base amount on the performance is discussed. The FLaT hydrogel exhibits reversible sol–gel transition, self‐healing, injectability, and pH sensitivity. Increasing the amount of Schiff base can improve the strength, stability, and self‐healing ability of the hydrogel. Owing to their low cytotoxicity, linear release pattern, and pH‐controlled release rate, the FLaT hydrogels show potential use in drug delivery systems for cancer treatment.
Sulforaphane inhibits PRMT5 and MEP50 function to suppress the mesothelioma cancer cell phenotype
Authors: Ezeka Geraldine , Adhikary Gautam , Kandasamy Sivaveera , Friedberg Joseph S. , Eckert Richard L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMesothelioma is a highly aggressive cancer of the mesothelial lining that is caused by exposure to asbestos. Surgical resection followed by chemotherapy is the current treatment strategy, but this is marginally successful and leads to drug‐resistant disease. We are interested in factors that maintain the aggressive mesothelioma cancer phenotype as therapy targets. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) functions in concert with the methylosome protein 50 (MEP50) cofactor to catalyze symmetric dimethylation of key arginine resides in histones 3 and 4 which modifies the chromatin environment to alter tumor suppressor and oncogene expression and enhance cancer cell survival. Our studies show that PRMT5 or MEP50 loss reduces H4R3me2s formation and that this is associated with reduced cancer cell spheroid formation, invasion, and migration. Treatment with sulforaphane (SFN), a diet‐derived anticancer agent, reduces PRMT5/MEP50 level and H4R3me2s formation and suppresses the cancer phenotype. We further show that SFN treatment reduces PRMT5 and MEP50 levels and that this reduction is required for SFN suppression of the cancer phenotype. SFN treatment also reduces tumor formation which is associated with reduced PRMT5/MEP50 expression and activity. These findings suggest that SFN may be a useful mesothelioma treatment agent that operates, at least in part, via suppression of PRMT5/MEP50 function.
Increased Accumulation of α‐Synuclein in Inflamed Appendices of Parkinson's Disease Patients
Authors: Chen Yuhua , Wu Wei , Zhao Shuli , Lv Xinyi , Hu Ji , Han Chao , Wang Guoping , Wang Shicun , Bo Pan , Zhang Juan , Gui Wei , Tang Qiqiang , Liu Qiang , Zhu Shu , Yu Feng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe accumulation of α‐synuclein (α‐Syn) aggregates that leads to the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been postulated to begin in the gastrointestinal tract. The normal human appendix contains pathogenic forms of α‐Syn, and appendectomy has been reported to affect the incidence of PD.ObjectiveThis study investigated appendix abnormality in patients with PD.MethodsWe assessed appendix morphology in 100 patients with PD and 50 control subjects by multislice spiral computed tomography. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with PD with diseased appendices, which was confirmed in seven patients by histopathological analysis.ResultsChronic appendicitis‐like lesions were detected in 53% of patients with PD, but these were not associated with the duration of motor symptoms. Appendicitis‐like lesions, impaired olfaction, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder were risk factors for PD. The following clinical symptoms could be used to identify patients with PD with appendicitis‐like lesions: first motor symptoms were bradykinesia/rigidity, onset of motor symptoms in the central axis or left limb, prodromal constipation, high ratio of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III score to symptom duration, low Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, and high Epworth Sleepiness Scale score. The seven patients with PD who were diagnosed with chronic appendicitis underwent appendectomy, and histopathological analysis revealed structural changes associated with chronic appendicitis and α‐Syn aggregation.ConclusionsThese results indicate an association between chronic appendicitis‐like lesions and PD, and suggest that α‐Syn accumulation in the diseased appendix occurs in PD. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Coordination driven layer‐by‐layer deposition technology used for fabrication of flame retardant polyamide 66 fabric
Authors: Liu Wei , Shi Rui , Zhang Zejiang , Yan Mingqiang , Chen Xiaosui , Chen Yuyan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPhytic acid (IP6) as the major phosphorus‐containing component of certain plants, such as cereal, oil plant, and bean possesses strong capability of coordinating with metal ion to form complex salt. In this study, low concentration IP6 was utilized in combination with Al3+ ion to in situ form insoluble Al3+‐IP6 complex salt on the surface of the fabric through coordination driven layer‐by‐layer deposition technology without high temperature cure step, which is an attempt to provide a facile bio‐based flame retardant finishing to polyamide (PA) 66 fabric. Surface structure of the treated PA fabric has been analyzed via ATR‐FTIR and SEM characterization. Effect of BLs' number on the flame retardancy and burning behavior of the treated sample has been examined by the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, the vertical burning test, microcalorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that 20LBL PA fabric has the highest LOI value, highest residual char yield, and lowest THR value in all the samples and no melt dripping behavior could be detected during combustion of 20LBL PA fabric. Moreover, the insolubility of Al3+‐IP6 salt from the surface could promote the durability of the treated fabric after laundering procedure using water single. This is the first time to use coordination driven layer‐by‐layer deposition technology in the fabric's flame retardant finishing.
Extensor digitorum brevis bulk and associations with fibular motor nerve conduction amplitude
Authors: Levin Josh , Lowe Anita , Tamura Lyndly , Miller Emily , Koltsov Jayme , Kenrick Anthony , Barrette Kevin , Richardson James 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionPrior work demonstrates that fibular compound motor action potential (CMAP) amplitude <4.0 mV predicts impairment of ankle proprioceptive precision and increased fall risk. Extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) inspection may present a simple clinical surrogate for CMAP amplitude.Objective(1) To estimate the inter‐rater reliability of assessment of EDB bulk. (2) To determine whether inspection of EDB bulk is associated with fibular CMAP amplitude.DesignProspective inter‐rater reliability study.SettingAcademic center outpatient Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation electromyography (EMG) clinics.ParticipantsFifty‐two adult participants (102 feet).Main Outcome Measures(1) Inter‐rater reliability of assessment of EDB bulk. (2) Mean fibular CMAP amplitude. (3) A binary measure of fibular CMAP amplitude at/above or below a 4.0 mV threshold.ResultsInter‐rater reliability of EDB bulk grading was moderate (kappa: 0.65 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48‐0.82]). The mean CMAP value was 5.9 ± 2.2 mV when bulk was normal, 3.4 ± 2.1 mV when diminished, and 0.6 ± 0.9 mV when atrophied. A multivariable analysis demonstrated that EDB bulk, distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP), and lumbar radiculopathy were all associated with CMAP amplitude. The sensitivity and specificity of grading muscle bulk as normal versus abnormal in detecting CMAP amplitude above or below 4.0 mV were 0.86 (95% CI 0.78‐0.94) and 0.71 (95% CI 0.54‐0.88), respectively. An atrophied EDB was a highly specific indicator that CMAP amplitude was abnormal (<4.0 mV) in 100% of cases (8/8).ConclusionsEDB bulk was associated with fibular CMAP amplitude. Atrophy was a highly specific indicator for CMAP amplitude below 4.0 mV. Evaluation of EDB bulk may represent a quick and easy clinical surrogate marker for CMAP amplitude and distal neuromuscular impairment.
Amine‐functionalized natural zeolites prepared through plasma polymerization for enhanced carbon dioxide adsorption
Authors: Wahono Satriyo K. , Dwiatmoko Adid A. , Cavallaro Alex , Indirathankam Sathish C. , Addai‐Mensah Jonas , Skinner William , Vinu Ajayan , Vasilev Krasimir 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSolution‐based amine absorption technologies have been widely applied for CO2capture, but they have several drawbacks. This paper reports on the synthesis of the first solid‐state amine adsorbent prepared through a simple plasma polymerization and deposition on physicochemically modified natural mordenite–clinoptilolite zeolite. The plasma deposition of amine polymer under certain conditions resulted in a significant increase in surface area‐weighted CO2adsorption capacity as the natural zeolite. The strength of the interaction between CO2and the adsorbent was weaker for the plasma polymer‐modified zeolite than without the plasma coating, which may facilitate regeneration. Both indications make the amine plasma polymer‐based zeolite adsorbent a good candidate for CO2adsorption and separation.
Human impact and ecosystemic health at Lake Baikal
Authors: Brown Kate Pride , Gerber Alina , Bedulina Daria , Timofeyev Maxim A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLake Baikal in eastern Siberia is the deepest and (by volume) largest lake on Earth. Among the most ancient lakes, it is home to thousands of endemic species. Lake Baikal is well‐known for its water purity, especially its dominant deep‐water layers, which consist of pristine, drinking‐quality water and is inhabited by unique endemics with enormous biodiversity. But some coastal sites of this giant lake (mainly localized in isolated shallow bays and littoral zones close to settlements and industrial sites) are suffering from an environmental crisis that threatens the water's quality and the ecosystem it supports. As part of the global ecosystem, Lake Baikal is already facing significant impacts from global climate change, which, in turn, increase the risks and consequences of local anthropogenic effects. Although the lake is protected by federal law, human activities are nevertheless having a growing negative impact on its ecosystem. Political, economic, and social factors result in cascading natural consequences in water quality, coastal sustainability, pollution sinks, water level management, forest maintenance, fire control and biodiversity. While Lake Baikal is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known and valued around the world, it remains vulnerable to worsening threats that must be addressed if humanity is to preserve this unique ecosystem and its endemic species into the future.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Science of Water > Water Quality
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Non-planar form factors of generic local operators via on-shell unitarity and color-kinematics duality
Authors: Lin Guanda , Yang Gang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Form factors, as quantities involving both local operators and asymptotic particle states, contain information of both the spectrum of operators and the on-shell amplitudes. So far the studies of form factors have been mostly focused on the large Nc planar limit, with a few exceptions of Sudakov form factors. In this paper, we discuss the systematical construction of full color dependent form factors with generic local operators. We study the color decomposition for form factors and discuss the general strategy of using on-shell unitarity cut method. As concrete applications, we compute the full two-loop non-planar minimal form factors for both half-BPS operators and non-BPS operators in the SU(2) sector in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM. Another important aspect is to investigate the color-kinematics (CK) duality for form factors of high-length operators. Explicit CK dual representation is found for the two-loop half-BPS minimal form factors with arbitrary number of external legs. The full-color two-loop form factor result provides an independent check of the infrared dipole formula for two-loop n-point amplitudes. By extracting the UV divergences, we also reproduce the known non-planar SU(2) dilatation operator at two loops. As for the finite remainder function, interestingly, the non-planar part is found to contain a new maximally transcendental part beyond the known planar result.