bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Köppel Maximilian 
Published: October 2021

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,dank intensiver Forschungsmühen der vergangenen Jahrzehnte liegt inzwischen eine erdrückende Datenlage zugunsten der gesundheitsfördernden Effekte körperlicher Aktivität und Bewegung sowohl als primär-, sekundär- und tertiärpräventive Maßnahme vor. Darüber hinaus findet die Bewegungstherapie auch als Supportivmaßnahme zum Symptommanagement in der Onkologie wachsende Anwendung. Die Anwendungsbereiche der Bewegungstherapie, des Gesundheitssports und eines körperlich aktiven Alltags sind gewaltig. Durch die Corona-Pandemie und die mit ihr einhergehenden Sicherheitsmaßnahmen kam es in den vergangenen 1,5 Jahren jedoch zu massiven Einbrüchen im körperlichen Aktivitätsverhalten der Menschen. Wenig verwunderlich ist dabei, dass davon gerade jene Menschen besonders betroffen sind, welche Bewegung und körperliche Aktivität am nötigsten haben. Psychoedukative Maßnahmen im Hinblick auf die Motivation und Volition zur Bewegung werden in den kommenden Jahren daher einen ganz besonderen Stellenwert erhalten, um diese Personengruppen wieder in Bewegung zu bringen und zu halten. Mit dem Auftaktartikel der vorliegenden B&G von Göhner et al. wird sich genau dieser Fragestellung gewidmet. Konkret untersuchen die Autoren die Effektivität und Nachhaltigkeit einer Schulungsmaßnahme zum Thema Strategien zur Bewegungsförderung für Bewegungstherapeutinnen und -therapeuten.
Delivery of Ursolic Acid by Polyhydroxybutyrate Nanoparticles for
Cancer Therapy: in silico and in vitro Studies
Authors: Ram Kumar Pandian Sureshbabu , Kunjiappan Selvaraj , Pavadai Parasuraman , Sundarapandian Velmurugan , Chandramohan Vivek , Sundar Krishnan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUrsolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a phytochemical, is a potent
inhibitory agent against proliferation of various tumors. Polyhydroxybutyrate
nanoparticles (PHB NPs) are preferred in therapeutics due to their
drug-stabilizing property and enhanced biological activity. In this study, PHB
NPs were utilized to deliver and enhance the bioavailability of UA against
cancer cells (HeLa). Further, molecular docking and dynamic studies were
conducted to calculate the binding affinity and stability of UA at the active
site of target protein (epidermal growth factor receptor-EGFR). The PHB NPs
revealed the average size as 150–200 nm in TEM, which were used
in subsequent experiments. The cytoplasmic uptake of nanoparticles was confirmed
by florescent microscopy. The encapsulation potential of PHB NPs with UA was
assessed by UV–visible spectrophotometer as 54%. Besides, the
drug release behavior, cytotoxicity and the regulation of apoptosis were
investigated in vitro. The cytotoxicity results revealed that the maximum
efficiency of drug delivery was at 96th hour.
Comparison of Perinatal Outcomes between Patients with Suspected Complex and Simple Gastroschisis
Authors: Virginia Medina-Jiménez , Sandra Acevedo-Gallegos , Monica Aguinaga-Rios , Manuel Gallardo-Gaona Juan 
Published: October 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to compare perinatal outcomes between patients with and without prenatal ultrasound markers predictive of complex gastroschisis.
Study Design A prospective cohort of 98 patients with isolated fetal gastroschisis underwent antenatal ultrasound and delivered in a tertiary referral center. Patients were classified according to eight ultrasonographic markers predictive of complexity, and perinatal outcomes were assessed accordingly. The primary outcome was the presence of fetal growth restriction and staged SILO reduction postnatally.

Results Of all fetuses, 54.1% (n = 53) displayed ultrasonographic markers predictive of complexity at 32.7 ± 4.3 weeks of gestation. Gastric dilatation was the most frequent marker followed by extra-abdominal bowel dilatation. The presence of ultrasound markers predictive of complexity, was not associated with fetal growth restriction but its absence was less associated with staged SILO reduction of the abdominal wall postnatally with a relative risk of 0.79 (CI 95% 0.17–0.53).
Conclusion Fetuses with ultrasound markers that predict complexity were not associated with fetal growth restriction, but its absence was less associated with staged SILO reduction of the abdominal wall postnatally. It is necessary to unify criteria, establish cut-off points, and the optimal moment to measure these markers.
Key Points
Performance of a Maternal Abdominal Surface Electrode System for Fetal Heart Rate and Uterine Contraction Monitoring from 34 to 37 Weeks
Authors: Gonzalez Maritza , Hill Meghan , Cohen Wayne R. 
Published: October 2021

Objective The objective of this study was to compare performance of a maternal surface electrode patch with ultrasound- and tocodynamometer-based monitoring to detect fetal heart rate and uterine contractility in late preterm labors.
Study Design Thirty women between 340/7 and 366/7 weeks' gestation were monitored simultaneously with a Doppler/tocodynamometer system and a wireless fetal–maternal abdominal surface electrode system. Fetal and maternal heart rate and uterine contraction data from both systems were compared. Reliability was measured by the success rate and percent agreement. Deming regression and Bland–Altman analysis estimated the concordance between the systems. Uterine contractions were assessed by visual interpretation of monitor tracings.
Results The success rate for the surface electrode system was 89.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.7–93.3), and for ultrasound it was 88.4% (95% CI, 84.9–91.9; p = 0.73), with a percent agreement of 88.1% (95% CI, 84.2–92.8). Results were uninfluenced by the patients' body mass. The mean Deming slope was 1 and the y-intercept was −3.0 beats per minute (bpm). Bland–Altman plots also showed a close relationship between the methods, with limits of agreement less than 10 bpm. The percent agreement for maternal heart rate was 98.2% (95% CI, 97.4–98.8), and for uterine contraction detection it was 89.5% (95% CI, 85.5–93.4).
Conclusion Fetal heart rate and uterine contraction monitoring at 340/7 to 366/7 weeks using abdominal surface electrodes was not inferior to Doppler ultrasound/tocodynamometry for fetal–maternal assessment.
Registration clinicaltrials.gov/February 20, 2017/identifier NCT03057275.
Key Points
Antenatal Corticosteroids Decrease the Risk of Composite Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity in Planned Early Term Cesarean Deliveries
Authors: DeBolt Chelsea A. , Johnson Shaelyn , Harishankar Krupa , Monro Johanna , Kaplowitz Elianna , Bianco Angela , Stone Joanne 
Published: October 2021

Objective While administration of antenatal corticosteroids prior to term elective cesarean deliveries has been shown in international randomized controlled trials to decrease the rates of respiratory distress syndrome and transient tachypnea of the newborn, this is not a standard practice in the United States. We aim to determine if the administration of antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation within 1 week of scheduled early term cesarean delivery resulted in decreased composite respiratory morbidity.
Study Design Historical cohort study including women who underwent scheduled early term cesarean delivery of a singleton, non-anomalous neonate at Mount Sinai Hospital between May 2015 and August 2019, comparing those who completed a course of antenatal corticosteroids within 1 week of delivery to those who did not. The primary outcome was composite respiratory morbidity defined as respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, and neonatal intensive care unit admission for respiratory morbidity. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were compared between groups using t-tests or Wilcoxon-Rank Sum tests for continuous measures and Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests for categorical measures, as appropriate. The outcomes were assessed using logistic regression.
Results History of preterm birth was significantly higher in those who received antenatal corticosteroids compared with those who did not (24.0 vs. 10.9%, p = 0.01). Neonates who were not exposed to antenatal corticosteroids were more likely to experience the composite respiratory morbidity compared with those who were exposed (RR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2–13.7; p = 0.02). Between 37 and 38 weeks, neonates who did not receive steroids were at increased risk of composite respiratory morbidity (RR 11.7, 95% CI 1.5–89.0, p < 0.01), however, there was no difference for those born between 38 and 39 weeks.
Conclusion Betamethasone course administered prior to planned early term cesarean delivery was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the neonatal composite respiratory morbidity compared with routine management.
Key Points
Temporal Evolution of Maternal Mortality: 1980-2019
Authors: Vettorazzi Janete , Valério Edimárlei Gonsales , Zanatta Maria Alexandrina , Scheffler Mariana Hollmann , Costa Sergio Hofmeister de Almeida Martins , Ramos José Geraldo Lopes 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective To determine the profile of maternal deaths occurred in the period between 2000 and 2019 in the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA, in the Portuguese acronym) and to compare it with maternal deaths between 1980 and 1999 in the same institution.
Methods Retrospective study that analyzed 2,481 medical records of women between 10 and 49 years old who died between 2000 and 2018. The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee (CAAE 78021417600005327).
Results After reviewing 2,481 medical records of women who died in reproductive age, 43 deaths had occurred during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. Of these, 28 were considered maternal deaths. The maternal mortality ratio was 37.6 per 100,000 live births. Regarding causes, 16 deaths (57.1%) were directly associated with pregnancy, 10 (35.1%) were indirectly associated, and 2 (7.1%) were unrelated. The main cause of death was hypertension during pregnancy (31.2%) followed by acute liver steatosis during pregnancy (25%). In the previous study, published in 2003 in the same institution4, the mortality rate was 129 per 100,000 live births, and most deaths were related to direct obstetric causes (62%). The main causes of death in this period were due to hypertensive complications (17.2%), followed by postcesarean infection (16%).
Conclusion Compared with data before the decade of 2000, there was an important reduction in maternal deaths due to infectious causes.
A tale of two (and more) altruists
Authors: De Bruyne B , Randon-Furling J , Redner S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We introduce a minimalist dynamical model of wealth evolution and wealth sharing among N agents as a platform to compare the relative merits of altruism and individualism. In our model, the wealth of each agent independently evolves by diffusion. For a population of altruists, whenever any agent reaches zero wealth (that is, the agent goes bankrupt), the remaining wealth of the other N − 1 agents is equally shared among all. The population is collectively defined to be bankrupt when its total wealth falls below a specified small threshold value. For individualists, each time an agent goes bankrupt (s)he is considered to be ‘dead’ and no wealth redistribution occurs. We determine the evolution of wealth in these two societies. Altruism leads to more global median wealth at early times; eventually, however, the longest-lived individualists accumulate most of the wealth and are richer and more long lived than the altruists.
Urban expansion inferenced by ecosystem production on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau
Authors: Tian Li , Chen Jiquan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Assessments of changes in landscape patterns and functions during urban development need to factor urban fringes (UPs) as part of the overall social-environmental system, especially in regions with poor transportation systems where urban functions depend heavily on surrounding suburbs. In this study, we use net primary production (NPP) as an integrative measure to delineate UPs and to measure the expansion in 15 urban areas in the remote Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Using a logistic curve fitting model based on NPP to delineate differences between the UF and rural landscapes, we explore how NPP-inferred UF expansions may have changed with increase in urban population and the secondary and tertiary industrial production. The UF width (area) was 17.4 km (950.67 km2) in 2000 but increased to 27.0 km (2289.06 km2) in 2019 for Lhasa. For Xining, this was from 28.0 km (2461.76 km2) to 36.0 km (4069.44 km2) during 2000–2019. For the prefecture-level cities, the rate increased from 2–16 km (12.56–803.84 km2) to 7–17 km (153.86–907.46 km2). More importantly, the ratio between UF width and population during the five study periods showed a linear decreasing trend, but an exponential decrease with economic measures. The urban expansion due to population increase changed from 26 m in 2000 to 21 m in 2019 for every increase of 1000 residents, while the expansion due to economic changes was significantly reduced from 732 m per billion RMB (Ren Min Bi) in 2000 to 52 m per billion RMB in 2019. We confirm a hypothesis that the ratio of expansion of UFs was more dependent on economic growth in early stages of urbanization than in later stages, whereas urban population promoted expansions over the entire study period.
Hydrologic controls on the accumulation of different sized microplastics in the streambed sediments downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (Catalonia, Spain)
Authors: Margenat Henar , Nel Holly A , Stonedahl Susa H , Krause Stefan , Sabater Francesc , Drummond Jennifer D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) act as a point source of microplastics (MPs) to freshwater ecosystems. Although MP abundance has been linked to high-density population areas, the mechanisms of how river hydrodynamics and particle size influence MP accumulation in streams are still largely unknown. This study investigated the spatial distribution of MPs within streambed sediments downstream of a WWTP effluent in Cànoves stream (Montseny, Catalonia) during baseflow conditions. MP concentrations from an upstream control site were compared to the WWTP bypass that added untreated wastewater at times when stream discharge exceeded capacity. The 450 m section investigated downstream of the WWTP consisted of three geomorphically altered sub-reaches interspersed between three unaltered buffer sub-reaches, each ∼75 m that provided a range in hydrologic conditions. Measurements of MP characteristics, hydrogeomorphic variables, and fine particles were simultaneously taken. MPs were quantified following the Nile red fluorescence method for large (>64 µm) and small (10–64 µm) particles. MPs in sediment samples downstream of the WWTP were mainly fragments with a higher abundance of small MPs (85 particles/g of sediment) vs large MPs (9 particles/g of sediment). While the abundance of large MPs in streambed sediments decreased with distance from the WWTP point source, the abundance of small MPs increased. Furthermore, the area of small MPs decreased with distance from the WWTP. MPs were most abundant at the WWTP bypass, suggesting these infrequent inputs during storm events represent an important source of MPs to the stream. Higher MP abundance coincided with increased organic matter content and smaller sediment grain sizes. Overall, our results present significant findings that could help explain differences in transport and accumulation patterns of MPs that influence their retention times in streambeds, suggesting a combination of preferential filtration in the streambed sediments, and fragmentation of larger particles.
Fabrication of magnetic cobalt-nickel ferrite nanoparticles for the adsorption of methyl blue in aqueous solutions
Authors: Ouyang Hezhong , Liu Shuyan , Liu Dandan , Wang Yan , Xu Shuping , Pan Shengying 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An innovative method of combustion–calcination of a nitrate–ethanol solution to produce magnetic Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was developed. The calcination temperature and the volume of ethanol were two pivotal elements that determine the properties of the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles in this study. When the volume of ethanol used was increased from 20 ml to 40 ml, the crystallinity of the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles increased; further increase of the volume of ethanol decreased the crystallinity. The smallest nanoparticle was obtained using 20 ml ethanol. As the calcination temperature increased from 400 °C to 700 °C, the saturation magnetization of the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles increased from 12.8 emu g−1 to 30.8 emu g−1. Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles fabricated using 20 ml ethanol at 400 °C were used to study the removal of methyl blue (MB) by adsorption. Experimental data revealed that the adsorption was best described by pseudo-second kinetics. The adsorption isotherm applied the Temkin model, which indicated the presence of a single and multilayer associative mechanism in the adsorption of MB on the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles. The effect of pH and recycling on the adsorption was measured. At pH values ≥5, the adsorption was high. After eight cycles of use and recycling, the relative removal rate of MB by the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was 75% of the initial adsorption value.
Early fault-tolerant simulations of the Hubbard model
Authors: Campbell Earl T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Simulation of the Hubbard model is a leading candidate for the first useful applications of a fault-tolerant quantum computer. A recent study of quantum algorithms for early simulations of the Hubbard model [Kivlichan et al 2019 Quantum 4 296] found that the lowest resource costs were achieved by split-operator Trotterization combined with the fast-fermionic Fourier transform (FFFT) on an L × L lattice with length L = 2
k
. On lattices with length L ≠ 2
k
, Givens rotations can be used instead of the FFFT but lead to considerably higher resource costs. We present a new analytic approach to bounding the simulation error due to Trotterization that provides much tighter bounds for the split-operator FFFT method, leading to 16× improvement in error bounds. Furthermore, we introduce plaquette Trotterization that works on any size lattice and apply our improved error bound analysis to show competitive resource costs. We consider a phase estimation task and show plaquette Trotterization reduces the number of non-Clifford gates by a factor 5.5× to 9× (depending on the parameter regime) over the best previous estimates for 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 lattices and a much larger factor for other lattice sizes not of the form L = 2
k
. In conclusion, we find there is a potentially useful application for fault-tolerant quantum computers using around one million Toffoli gates.
Cell-Free Fat Extract Prevents Vaginal Atrophy in an Ovariectomized Model by Promoting Proliferation of Vaginal Keratinocytes and Neovascularization
Authors: Kang Bijun , Cai Yizuo , Jia Zhuoxuan , Chen Chingyu , Deng Mingwu , Zhang Wenjie , Li Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMost perimenopausal and postmenopausal women experience estrogen deficiency–induced vaginal atrophy. However, estrogen replacement therapy has contraindications and side effects, which makes it unsuitable for most women. Cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) has pro-proliferative and proangiogenic tissue regeneration activities.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical application of CEFFE in the vagina and the effect of CEFFE on vaginal keratinocytes.MethodsOvariectomized mice were treated with CEFFE via vaginal topical application for 2 weeks. The vaginal mucosal cell layer number, mucosal thickness, and vaginal collagen volume were determined by histologic analyses. Vaginal mucosa proliferation and lamina propria angiogenesis were evaluated with anti–proliferating cell nuclear antigen and anti-CD31 staining, respectively. For in vitro analysis, VK2/E6E7 cells were administered, increasing the CEFFE concentration. Cell proliferation and cell-cycle distribution were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit 8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Mucosal migration was evaluated with a wound-healing assay. The expression of Ki-67 and estrogen-related proteins was detected by western blotting.ResultsCEFFE-treated mice showed increased mucosal thickness and number of vaginal mucosal cell layers and reduced vaginal atrophy compared to ovariectomized mice. The number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen–positive cells and CD31-positive capillaries also increased. In addition, CEFFE promoted the proliferation and migration of VK2/E6E7 cells, upregulated the expression of Ki-67, and inhibited the expression of estrogen-related proteins and the PI3K/AKT pathway.ConclusionsCEFFE prevents estrogen deficiency–induced vaginal atrophy by promoting vaginal mucosal proliferation and increasing neovascularization, but not through the estrogen/estrogen receptor pathway, in an ovariectomized mouse model.
Compensatory functional connectome changes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yang Zhihui , Zhu Tian , Pompilus Marjory , Fu Yueqiang , Zhu Jiepei , Arjona Kefren , Arja Rawad Daniel , Grudny Matteo M , Plant H Daniel , Bose Prodip , Wang Kevin K , Febo Marcelo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPenetrating cortical impact injuries alter neuronal communication beyond the injury epicentre, across regions involved in affective, sensorimotor and cognitive processing. Understanding how traumatic brain injury reorganizes local and brain wide nodal interactions may provide valuable quantitative parameters for monitoring pathological progression and recovery. To this end, we investigated spontaneous fluctuations in the functional MRI signal obtained at 11.1 T in rats sustaining controlled cortical impact and imaged at 2- and 30-days post-injury. Graph theory-based calculations were applied to weighted undirected matrices constructed from 12 879 pairwise correlations between functional MRI signals from 162 regions. Our data indicate that on Days 2 and 30 post-controlled cortical impact there is a significant increase in connectivity strength in nodes located in contralesional cortical, thalamic and basal forebrain areas. Rats imaged on Day 2 post-injury had significantly greater network modularity than controls, with influential nodes (with high eigenvector centrality) contained within the contralesional module and participating less in cross-modular interactions. By Day 30, modularity and cross-modular interactions recover, although a cluster of nodes with low strength and low eigenvector centrality remain in the ipsilateral cortex. Our results suggest that changes in node strength, modularity, eigenvector centrality and participation coefficient track early and late traumatic brain injury effects on brain functional connectivity. We propose that the observed compensatory functional connectivity reorganization in response to controlled cortical impact may be unfavourable to brain wide communication in the early post-injury period.