bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 in China and the US: Differences in hospital admission co-variates and outcomes
Authors: Cao Yulin , Wu Di , Zeng Kuo , Chen Lei , Yu Jianming , He Wenjuan , Chen Li , Ren Wenxiang , Gao Fei , Chen Wenlan , Wang Hongxiang , Gale Robert Peter , Chen Zhichao , Li Qiubai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Although there are extensive data on admission co-variates and outcomes of persons with coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) at diverse geographic sites there are few if any subject-level comparisons between sites in regions and countries. We aim to comparatively investigate differences in hospital admission co-variates and outcomes of hospitalized people with COVID-19 between Wuhan City, China and the New York City region, USA.
Methods
We retrospectively collected clinical data on 1859 Hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 in Wuhan City, China 20 January to 4 April, 2020. Data on those 5700 hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 in the New York City region, USA 1 March to 4 April, 2020 was drawn from a published article by Richardson et al. Hospital admission co-variates (epidemiological, demographic and laboratory co-variates) and outcomes (rate of intensive care unit(ICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV), major organ failure and death and length of hospital stay) were compared between the two cohorts.
Results
Wuhan subjects were younger, more likely female, less likely to have co-morbidities and fever, more likely to have a blood lymphocyte concentration > 1×10E+9/L and less likely to have abnormal liver and cardiac function tests compared with the New York subjects. There were outcomes data on all Wuhan subjects and 2,634 New York subjects. Wuhan subjects had higher blood nadir median lymphocyte concentrations and longer hospitalizations, were less likely to receive IMV, ICU hospitalization and kidney replacement therapy. Amongst subjects not receiving IMV those in Wuhan were less likely to die compared with New York subjects. In contrast, risk of death was similar in subjects receiving IMV at both sites.
Conclusions
We found different hospital admission co-variates and outcomes between hospitalized persons with COVID-19 between Wuhan City and the New York region, which should be useful developing a comprehensive global understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and COVID-19.
Learning from the Implementation of a Quality Improvement Intervention in Australian General Practice: A Qualitative Analysis of a CVD Preventive Care Project
Authors: Hespe Charlotte , Brown Edwina , Rychetnik Lucie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundQuality-improvement collaborative (QIC) initiatives aim to reduce gaps in clinical care provided in the healthcare system. This study provides a qualitative evaluation of a QIC project (QPulse) in Australian general practice focused on improving cardiovascular disease (CVD) assessment and management. MethodsThis qualitative-methods study explored implementing a QIC project by a Primary Health Network (PHN) in 34 general practices. Qualitative analyses examined in-depth interviews with participants and stakeholders focusing on barriers and enablers to implementation in our health system. They were analysed thematically using the Complex Systems Improvement framework (CSI), focusing on strategy, culture, structure, workforce, and technology.ResultsDespite strategic engagement with QPulse objectives across the health system, implementation barriers associated with this program were considerable for both PHN and the general practices. Adoption of the QIC process was reliant on engaged leadership, practice culture, systems for clear communication, tailored education and regular clinical audit and review. Practice ownership, culture and governance, rather than practice size and location, were related to successful implementation. Financial incentives for both the PHN and general practice were identified as prerequisites for systematised quality improvement (QI) projects in the future, along with individualised support and education provided to each practice. Technology was both an enabler and a barrier, and the PHN was seen as key to assisting the successful adoption of the available tools. ConclusionsImplementation of QI programs remains a potential tool for achieving better health outcomes in General Practice. However, enablers such as individualised education and support provided via a meso-level organisation, financial incentives, and IT tools and support are crucial if the full potential of QI programs are to be realised in the Australian healthcare setting. Trial registrationACTRN12615000108516, UTN U1111-1163-7995.
Sarcopenia and Cortisol Among Older Nursing Home Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: HOLANDA CRISTINA MARQUES DE ALMEIDA , NÓBREGA PATRÍCIA VIDAL DE NEGREIROS , ARAÚJO JOHN FONTENELE , PIUVEZAM MARCIA REGINA , COSTA HERMAN FERREIRA , MOREIRA MAYLE ANDRADE , MACIEL ÁLVARO CAMPOS CAVALCANTI 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies indicate that the prevalence of sarcopenia among older adults living in long-term care facilities may be high. The pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia are complex and interdependent. The role of cortisol deserves attention as a possible modulator in the genesis of sarcopenia. The objective this study is to analyze the relationship between sarcopenia and cortisol in older nursing home residents. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted with 70 older people. Sarcopenia was assessed using the EWGSOP2 algorithm and cortisol by saliva collection. The T-test, Chi-squared test and ANOVA statistical analyzes were used (p <0.05). Results: A total of 17.1% of the older adults evaluated were considered sarcopenic. The related variables were older age (p = 0.001); lower body mass index (p = 0.008); lower measurements of brachial circumference (p <0.001), waist (p = 0.011) and hips (p = 0.001). The cortisol levels were higher among the sarcopenic older adults for the three measures throughout the day (p = 0.02), as well as for the derived measures. Conclusion: The higher salivary cortisol levels found in sarcopenic older nursing home residents help to understand the underlying mechanisms of sarcopenia and the healthcare of this public.
Permeability Tests and Multi-Factor Analysis of Sand-Based Cemented Backfill Five-Component Samples With Different Mix Ratios
Authors: Zhou Nan , Yao Yinan , Zhang Jixiong , Yan Hao , Zhu Cunli , Li Meng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Extensive coal mining involves the challenge of liberating coal resources under buildings, railways, and water bodies. Sand-based cemented backfill (SCB) mining is considered an effective method to solve this problem while utilizing solid wastes in large quantities. Since the groundwater seeping into SCB pores in a complex mining environment deteriorates the SCB strength and stability, the permeability optimization of SCB samples under multi-factor conditions by adjusting their mix ratios is very topical. Therefore, in this study, a large number of SCB samples were prepared using aeolian sand as aggregates, cement and fly ash as cementing materials, and quicklime and water reducing agent as additives. The mass of the aeolian sand was a fixed value, while other ingredients' content ratios were expressed as a percentage of aeolian sand mass. With all other factors being constant, the level of one factor was changed at a time for univariate analysis. Four levels were set up for each of the four factors, and 16 tests were performed for a total of 13 mix ratios with an axial pressure of 1 MPa and confining pressure of 3 MPa. The effects of mix ratios, pore size, porosity, and surface structure on SCB's permeability were analyzed in detail. Experimental results show variations of quicklime and fly ash contents significantly changed the SCB's permeability, and variations of cement and water reducing agent contents had a minor impact on SCB's permeability. SCB's permeability positively correlated with porosity, primary pore size, and compactness of surface structure. These findings are considered instrumental in improving the SCB waterproof performance.
Evaluation of the Kano State Lassa Fever Surveillance System, 2015-2018 – Nigeria
Authors: Umar Usman yahya , Abubakar Mikha'il Abdu , Bello Imam Wada , Balogun Muhammad Shakir , Tahir Sadiq , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLassa fever (LF) is one of the priority diseases under surveillance through the integrated disease surveillance and response system (IDSR). We evaluated the LF surveillance system against its set objectives and assessed its attributes. MethodsWe used cross-sectional study design. Forty-seven stakeholders involved in the surveillance system were interviewed using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems. The LF surveillance data from January 2015 to December 2018 were also analyzed. The attribute and objectives of the system were evaluated. ResultsOut of the 76 suspected cases recorded in kano state during the study period, only 54 samples were laboratory tested, 11 of them were confirmed positive with 9 deaths (case fatality rate of 82%). Confirmed cases were predominantly in Tudun Wada LGA (63.6%), while the age-group 20-39 years constituted 55% of the confirmed cases. There was male preponderance of cases (73%). The predictive value positive (PVP) was 14.5%. The surveillance system was however meeting its objectives of determining LF burden and detecting and characterizing cases and outbreak.ConclusionLF surveillance system in Kano was simple, flexible, stable, acceptable and timely. However, data was not representative. We recommended improved reporting from private and tertiary facilities and more personnel training and support to improve the system.
Network-Based Analysis of The Genetic Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection To Patients With Exacerbation of Virus-Induced Asthma (VAE)
Authors: GUO Wei , CAO Yi , Jiang Ziyun , LUO Hui , LIU Hui , Xi Yilong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel RNA virus that emerged in late 2019 and was responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The WHO has declared the COVID-19 in the world pandemic. The most exacerbations of asthma are triggered by viral infections. However, the genetic effects of COVID-19 on asthma need to be further studied.
Results

Eighty-eight common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) were identified in datasets GSE147507 and GSE30326. Function analysis showed that cDEGs has antiviral activity, histone kinase activity, chemokine activity and viral protein interaction with cytokine activity. protein–protein interactions (PPIs) network revealed that the proteins encoded by CDEGs interact with each other at a high frequency. Hub genes and essential modules were detected based on the PPIs network. Transcription factors (TF) and miRNA interaction with cDEGs are identified. Drug molecules such as suloctidil HL60 UP and Yu Ping Feng San were recommended for the treatment of novel coronavirus-induced exacerbation of asthma.
Conclusions

COVID-19 has a genetic effect on virus-induced exacerbation of asthma, and the hub genes we screened may be a potential therapeutic target.
Perceived Knowledge of Scheme Members and Their Satisfaction with Their Medical Schemes: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Africa.
Authors: M’bouaffou Francis , Buch Eric , Thsehla Evelyn , Olorunju Steve 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: South Africa has a dual healthcare system comprised of private and public sectors covering 16% and 84% of the population, respectively. Medical schemes are the primary source of health insurance in the private sector. The aim of this study was to assess the perceived knowledge and satisfaction of open medical schemes members. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a stratified systematic sample of members from 22 open medical schemes. Nine hundred and sixty members were requested to complete an online semi-structured questionnaire to determine their perceived knowledge and satisfaction with their schemes. We tested to see if variables such as age, gender, years of membership, education, income or having a chronic disease were associated with better-perceived knowledge or satisfaction. We calculated a composite perceived knowledge and satisfaction score, for which a score above 60th percentile for perceived knowledge and 60th for perceived satisfaction were considered good perceived knowledge and good perceived satisfaction with their schemes.Results: Respondents, generally perceived themselves to have good knowledge and were satisfied with their schemes except for accessibility to doctors under the designated service providers arrangement. Overall, members were satisfied, especially with the quality of service from their designated service providers (DSPs) and their schemes. However, only 9% were satisfied with accessibility to doctors under their DSP arrangement, 25% were satisfied with the cost of scheme membership and only 46% were satisfied with the prescribed minimum benefit package. The test for association showed that years of medical schemes membership, perceived knowledge of the prescribed minimum benefits, better income and laying a complaint were associated with better-perceived knowledge. Conclusion: Medical schemes remain a key element of private healthcare in South Africa. The analysis shows that medical schemes, should put more effort into the accessibility of general practitioner under their designated service providers. Furthermore, the PMBS should be reviewed to provide a comprehensive benefits basket without co-payment for members as recommended by the Medical Schemes Act Amendment Bill of 2018.
Thermally boosted upconversion and downshifting luminescence in Sc2(MoO4)3:Yb/Er with two-dimensional negative thermal expansion
Authors: Liao Jinsheng , Wang Minghua , Lin Fulin , Han Zhuo , Tu Datao , Chen Xueyuan , Qiu Bao , Wen Herui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Lanthanide (Ln3+)-doped phosphors generally suffer from thermal quenching, in which their photoluminescence (PL) intensities decrease at the higher temperature. Herein, we report a class of unique two-dimensional negative-thermal-expansion phosphor of Sc2(MoO4)3:Yb/Er. By virtue of the reduced distances between sensitizers and emitters as well as confined energy migration with increasing the temperature, a 45-fold enhancement of green upconversion (UC) luminescence and a 450-fold enhancement of near-infrared downshifting (DS) luminescence of Er3+ are achieved from 25 to 500 ˚C. The thermally boosted UC and DS luminescence mechanism is systematically investigated through in situ temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron X-ray diffraction and PL dynamics. Moreover, the luminescence lifetime of 4I11/2 of Er3+ in Sc2(MoO4)3:Yb/Er displays a strong temperature dependence, enabling ratiometric thermometry with the highest relative sensitivity of 13.4%/K at 298 K. These findings may gain a vital insight into the design of negative-thermal-expansion Ln3+-doped phosphors for versatile applications.
Gene Signature And Prognostic Values of m5C-Related Regulators In Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Yuancheng , Huang Chaoyuan , Jiang Xiaotao , Yan Yanhua , Zhuang Kunhai , Liu Fengbin , Li Peiwu , Wen Yi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of 13 m5C-related regulators in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and determine their prognostic value.Main Methods: Gene expression and clinicopathological data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. The expression of m5C-related regulators were analyzed with clinicopathological characteristics and alterations within m5C-related regulators. Subsequently, different subtypes of patients with COAD were identified. Then, the prognostic value of m5C-related regulators in COAD were confirmed via univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses. The prognostic value of risk scores was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysisc (GSEA), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes c (KEGG) pathways, and Gene Ontologyc (GO) analysis were performed for biological functional analysis.Results: m5C-related regulators were found to be differentially expressed in COAD with different clinicopathological features. We observed a high alteration frequency in these genes, which were significantly correlated with their mRNA expression levels. Two clusters with different prognostic features were identified. Based on two independent prognostic m5C-related regulators (NSUN6 and ALYREF), a risk signature with good predictive significance was constructed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses suggested that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. Biological processes and pathways associated with cancer, immune response, and RNA processing were identified.Conclusion: We revealed the genetic signatures and prognostic values of m5C-related regulators in COAD. Together, this has improved our understanding of m5C RNA modification and provided novel insights to identify predictive biomarkers and develop molecular targeted therapy for COAD.
Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) induces the perturbation of rRNA biogenesis in colonic cells: a novel mechanism of colorectal tumorigenesis
Authors: Yang Juan , Li Ya-Nan , Pan Ting , Miao Rong-Rong , Zhang Yue-Ying , Wu Shu-Hua , Qu Xianjun , Cui Shu-Xiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) has emerged as a key player in several biologic processes. Its atypical “intercepting receptor” signaling properties have established ACKR3 as the main regulator in many pathophysiological processes. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of ACKR3 in promoting Colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis.
Methods

ACKR3 and clinically relevant was evaluated in human colonic cancer specimens. The mechanism of ACKR3-induced perturbation of rRNA biogenesis was performed in Villin-ACKR3-IREF mice specifically expressed ACKR3 in intestines. Nuclear β-arr1 and the interaction of NOLC1 to Fibrillarin were analyzed in vitro and in vivo assays.
Results

Activation of ACKR3 promotes Colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis, in human and animal model, through NOLC1-induced perturbations of rRNA biogenesis. Human colonic cancer tissues demonstrated higher expression of ACKR3, and high ACKR3 expression was associated with the increased severity of Colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis. Villin-ACKR3 transgenic mice demonstrated the characteristics of ACKR3-induced colorectal cancer, showing the nuclear β-arrestin-1-activated perturbation of rRNA biogenesis. Activation of ACKR3 induced nuclear translocation of β-arrestin-1 (β-arr1), leading to the interaction of β-arr1 with nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1 (NOLC1). As the highly phosphorylated protein in the nucleolus, NOLC1 further interacted with Fibrillarin, a conserved nucleolar methyltransferase responsible for ribosomal RNA methylation, leading to the increase of methylation in Histone H2A, resulting in the promotion of rRNA transcription of ribosome biogenesis.
Conclusion

ACKR3 promotes Colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis through the perturbation of rRNA biogenesis by nuclear β-arr1-induced interaction of NOLC1 with Fibrillarin.
Anatomical Harmonics Basis based Brain Source Localization with Application to Epilepsy
Authors: Giri Amita , Kumar Lalan , Kurwale Nilesh , Gandhi Tapan K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Brain Source Localization (BSL) using Electroencephalogram (EEG) has been a useful noninvasive modality for the diagnosis of epileptogenic zones, study of evoked related potentials, and brain disorders. The inverse solution of BSL is limited by high computational cost and localization error. The performance is additionally limited by head shape assumption and the corresponding harmonics basis function. In this work, an anatomical harmonics basis (Spherical Harmonics (SH), and more particularly Head Harmonics (H2)) based BSL is presented. The spatio-temporal four shell head model is formulated in SH domain. The performance of spatial subspace based Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) and Recursively Applied and Projected (RAP)-MUSIC method is compared with the proposed SH and H2 counterparts on simulated data. SH and H2 domain processing effectively resolves the problem of high computational cost without sacrificing the inverse source localization accuracy. The proposed H2 MUSIC was additionally validated for epileptogenic zone localization on clinical EEG data. The proposed framework offers an effective solution to clinicians in automated and time efficient seizure localization.
Identifying and Describing Subtypes of Spontaneous Empathic Facial Expression Production in Autistic Adults
Authors: Zlibut Jennifer Quinde , Munshi Anabil , Biswas Gautam , Cascio Carissa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether atypical patterns of facial expression production metrics in autism reflect the dynamic and nuanced nature of facial expressions or a true diagnostic difference. Further, the heterogeneity observed across autism symptomatology suggests a need for more adaptive and personalized social skills programs. For example, it would be useful to have a better understanding of the different expressiveness profiles within the autistic population and how they differ from neurotypicals to help develop systems that train facial expression production and reception. Methods:We used automated facial coding and an unsupervised clustering approach to limit inter-individual variability in facial expression production that may have otherwise obscured group differences in previous studies, allowing an "apples-to-apples" comparison between autistic and neurotypical adults. Specifically, we applied k-means clustering to identify subtypes of facial expressiveness in an autism group (N=27) and a neurotypical control group (N=57) separately. The two most stable clusters from these analyses were then further characterized and compared on the basis of their expressiveness and emotive congruence to emotionally charged stimuli. Results: Our main finding was that autistic adults show heightened spontaneous facial expressions in response to negative emotional images. The group effect did not extend to positive emotional images, and we did not find evidence for greater incongruous (i.e., inappropriate) facial expressions in autism. Conclusion: These findings build on previous work suggesting valence-specific effects of autism on emotional empathy and suggest the need for intervention programs to focus on social skills in the context of both negative and positive emotions.