bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability of Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease questionnaire (PsAID12) thresholds in psoriatic arthritis: data from the ReFlaP study
Authors: López-Medina Clementina , Gorlier Clémence , Orbai Ana-Maria , Coates Laura C , Kiltz Uta , Leung Ying-Ying , Palominos Penelope , Cañete Juan D , Scrivo Rossana , Balanescu Andra , Dernis Emmanuelle , Meisalu Sandra , Ruyssen-Witrand Adeline , Soubrier Martin , Aydin Sibel Zehra , Eder Lihi , Gaydukova Inna , Lubrano Ennio , Kalyoncu Umut , Richette Pascal , Husni M Elaine , Smolen Josef S , de Wit Maarten , Gossec Laure 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To explore thresholds for the Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Impact of Disease questionnaire (PsAID12) score against disease activity measures in an observational setting, in patients with PsA.

Methods
The baseline data from the ReFlaP observational, prospective, multicentre and international study were used (NCT03119805). Cutoffs for PsAID12 were determined against disease activity scores, defining disease impact states (i.e. remission, low impact, moderate impact and high impact). Statistics used to assess the optimal cutoff point included Youden’s index and the 75th percentile method, with external anchors (i.e. Disease Activity index for Psoriatic Arthritis [DAPSA], very low disease activity [VLDA]/minimal disease activity [MDA] and single questions for both patients and physicians) serving as gold standards. The diagnostic performance of these cutoffs was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.

Results
A total of 410 patients were analysed. Mean (s.d.) PsAID12 score was 3.4 (2.5). The prevalence of remission varied between 12.4% and 36.1%, while low disease activity ranged from 37.8% to 59.8%. PsAID12 performed well against external anchors, with high areas under the ROC curves ranging from 0.75 to 0.94. Using the DAPSA as external anchor, the proposed PsAID12 cutoffs were &lt;1.7 for remission, ≥1.7 to ≤3.1 for low impact, &gt;3.1 to &lt;4.8 for moderate impact and ≥4.8 for high impact. Compared with composite scores, patient and physician opinions performed less stringently.

Conclusion
This study established cutoffs for PsAID12 in a clinical practice observational population, corresponding to remission and varying levels of disease impact. However, these proposed cutoffs need further validation, and an expert consensus is essential to confirm the most accurate thresholds for future use.
Cobblers: Lawyers’ Views on the Quality of Legislation
Authors:   LSE GV314 Group, Astill Honor , Dhiblawe Sihaam , Egan Adair , Hampton Kate , Monaghan Emma , McCarry Sean , Sollis Jac , Page Edward C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the question of whether there are any characteristic features of the way law is made in the UK that lead to problems of legislative quality on the basis of a survey of 559 legal professionals including practising barristers and solicitors as well as academics. The article begins by discussing how ‘quality’ is to be understood and outlining the nature of the survey. It goes on to set out how respondents characterize problems of quality in the legislation they are familiar with, what the consequences of any defects might be, what causes these defects, and what can be done to remedy them. The article goes on to discuss some of the broader implications of the results of the survey drawing on the observations of Sir William Dale.
Parotid enlargement due to common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) envenomation: a case series
Authors: Raina Sujeet , Raina Rashmi Kaul , Soni Sarita , Shah Garima , Singh Abhishek , Kapila Preeti T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We describe a series of five patients with bilateral parotid enlargement as a sequalae to envenomation by the common krait (Bungarus caeruleus). Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the parotid gland was performed in four cases. The cytology revealed a mild lymphocytic inflammatory response in a red blood cell mixed proteinaceous background. The possible pathophysiology is either a direct injury due to the venom toxins or an inflammatory phenomenon due to an immune response. All the patients had classic early morning descending neuroparalysis and were managed by mechanical ventilation along with antivenom. A favourable outcome in the form of full recovery was observed in all the patients.
Prospect of using ethnobotanicals to manage snakebites in a cost-effective manner: validating Senegalia mellifera extract's inhibitory potential on Naja nigricincta nigricincta (zebra cobra) venom
Authors: Rix Charlize L , Chimwamurombe Percy M , Mwapagha Lamech M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite Naja nigricincta nigricincta being responsible for most snake envenomation in remote Namibian regions, an effective intervention against its venom remains undiscovered. This study aimed to scientifically validate Namibian folklore claims about Senegalia mellifera extract's efficacy against snake envenomation.

Methods
In vitro assays were conducted to assess the inhibitory potential of S. mellifera stem bark extract on snake venom phospholipase A2 (svPLA2) activity from N. n. nigricincta venom. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and molecular docking predicted phytochemicals responsible for inhibitory effects on venom proteins.

Results
The svPLA2 activity assay demonstrated significant inhibitory potential of the extract, reducing enzyme activity from 100% to as low as 66.99%. GC-MS analysis indicated an abundant presence of terpenes having antisnake venom activity. Molecular docking identified phytochemicals of S. mellifera capable of neutralizing prevalent cobra toxins, that is, stigmasterol acetate, beta-Sitosterol acetate, vitamin E, kaur-15-ene, squalene and 4,6-Cholestadien-3beta-ol.

Conclusions
This plant extract cannot be considered as a discrete treatment against venom. It may serve as a transient remedy to impede the toxic effects or supplement the action of antivenoms. Future research should be aimed at finding other plants with greater antivenom potential to increase the prospect of using ethnobotanicals to manage snakebites in a cost-effective manner.
Bioequivalence of Preservative-free and Preserved Omidenepag Isopropyl (OMDI) 0.002% Ophthalmic Solutions in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension: Results from the Phase 3 DAISY Study
Authors: Aihara Makoto , Lu Fenghe , Ikeda Toshihiro , Odani-Kawabata Noriko 
Published: January 2025

Précis:
Preservative-free omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI) 0.002% ophthalmic solution and OMDI 0.002% ophthalmic solution preserved with benzalkonium chloride were bioequivalent in lowering intraocular pressure after 4 weeks’ treatment in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Purpose:
Preservatives in ophthalmic solutions for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) are associated with ocular surface disease. The DAISY study evaluated the bioequivalence of preservative-free omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI) 0.002% ophthalmic solution (DE-117B), with OMDI 0.002% preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK).

Methods:
DAISY was a phase 3, randomized, evaluator-masked, crossover study conducted in Japan. Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) were randomized 1:1 to DE-117B or OMDI 0.002% for 4 weeks (period 1) then crossed over for 4 weeks (period 2). A 4-week washout preceded both periods. The primary efficacy endpoint was mean diurnal (MD) IOP at Week 4 (combined periods 1 and 2). Bioequivalence between DE-117B and OMDI was defined as 95% confidence interval (CI) between −1.5 and 1.5 for least-squares (LS) mean between-group difference in MD IOP. Adverse events were monitored.

Results:
Of 74 patients enrolled, 38 were randomized to DE-117B then OMDI, and 36 were randomized to OMDI then DE-117B. DE-117B and OMDI demonstrated bioequivalence at Week 4 (MD IOP±standard deviation in summary statistics: 17.76±2.05 mm Hg [DE-117B] vs. 17.71±2.01 mm Hg [OMDI]; LS mean±standard error between-group difference in linear mixed effects model: −0.02±0.18 mm Hg [95% CI −0.38 to 0.35]). DE-117B versus OMDI was associated with numerically lower overall ocular discomfort.

Conclusions:
Preservative-free DE-117B and BAK-containing OMDI were bioequivalent in lowering IOP after 4 weeks’ treatment in Japanese patients with POAG or OHT. DE-117B was well tolerated with a similar safety profile to OMDI.
Surgical Techniques and Outcomes in the Management of Pediatric Eyelid Burns: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ji Lixin , Gandhi Pranali N. , Torres Bryan S. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To evaluate the surgical techniques used in the management of eyelid burns among pediatric patients below 18 years old, focusing on the timing of interventions and patient outcomes.

Methods:
This systematic review was conducted in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, targeting studies published between January 2000 and August 2024. Search terms included “burn,” “injury,” “release,” “scar,” “children,” “pediatric,” “eyelid,” “contracture,” and “reconstruction.” A total of 51 studies were identified, of which 6 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for detailed review. All focused on pediatric patients with severe eyelid burns.

Results:
The review identified a range of surgical techniques, including antegrade foreheadplasty, Double Frost Suture technique, and early versus delayed surgical release. Antegrade foreheadplasty was effective in addressing upper eyelid contracture deformities, providing significant functional and aesthetic improvements. The Double Frost Suture technique was successful in preventing graft retraction and enhancing graft stability. The timing of surgical intervention was found to be crucial, with early release showing better outcomes in terms of ocular protection and faster recovery compared with delayed interventions.

Conclusions:
The findings underscore the importance of a tailored approach in the surgical management of pediatric eyelid burns, with careful consideration of the timing and technique. While early surgical release generally yields better outcomes, the choice of technique should be guided by the specific needs of each patient. Further research is needed to refine these techniques and to better understand the long-term outcomes, particularly in complex cases involving extensive burns.
Everting Sutures for Entropion Repair: Recurrence Rate and Quality of Life Metrics
Authors: Baba Mohamad , Ajanaku Ayodeji , Halliwell Mark 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
The study aimed to assess the efficacy and recurrence rate of everting sutures as a sole procedure in entropion repair, its impact on quality of life during the coronavirus disease pandemic, and to determine if this procedure remains an option to offer after the pandemic.

Design:
Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods:
Retrospective study of 58 patients who had everting sutures for entropion repair over a 1-year period. Patients who had everting sutures combined with another procedure were excluded from the study. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the procedure by examining eyelid positioning during follow-up, complication rate, and the 1-year recurrence rate. Patients were also contacted to describe their symptoms before and after surgery and to complete The European Quality of Life questionnaire.

Results:
The mean age was 79 years and 68.9% were male. The immediate success rate was 95.3% with a complication rate of 1.5%. The 1-year recurrence rate was 23.4%. After surgical intervention, 95.1% of patients experienced symptom relief. An improvement in quality of life was reported in 76.2%, which was predominantly attributed to a reduction in eye pain or discomfort (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Everting sutures are a quick and safe procedure that can be performed by any general ophthalmologist. This procedure is effective and improves the quality of life; however, it is associated with a higher recurrence rate compared with other entropion repair surgeries. Nonetheless, it remains an attractive option for older patients who want to avoid long and invasive procedures.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva: A Population-Based Study on Epidemiologic Trends, Cancer-Specific Survival Patterns, and the Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasms, 1975 to 2016
Authors: Tadrosse Abanoob F. , Tadrosse Marina F. , Lotfalla Marco E. , Messiha Peter A. , Eloy Jean A. , Langer Paul D. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To analyze the national epidemiologic trends of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (SCCC) over 4 decades, providing the largest report on disease-specific survival (DSS) outcomes and investigating the risk of developing second primary neoplasms in these patients.

Methods:
This retrospective, population-based cohort study analyzed 1,172 patients diagnosed with SCCC from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 2016. Data were extracted from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Incidence, DSS, and the relative risk (95% confidence interval) of developing second primary neoplasms were studied.

Results:
SCCC incidence (0.45/million/year) increased during the study’s time period (regression coefficient = 0.004, p = 0.002), primarily due to an increasing incidence in women (regression coefficient = 0.004, p = 0.003) and in White (regression coefficient = 0.006, p = 0.007) patients. The 5-year DSS was 95.4%. Sex and race did not impact survival. Patients residing in the Midwestern United States exhibited the lowest survival compared with other regions with a 5-year DSS of 85.2% (p = 0.008). White male SCCC patients are at an increased risk, compared with the general population, of developing second primary neoplasms of the liver (relative risk = 4.8 [1.3–12.4]; p < 0.05), respiratory tract (relative risk = 2.3 [1.4–3.6]; p < 0.05), and skin (relative risk = 3.7 [1.8–6.9]; p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
SCCC incidence has been increasing in the United States. DSS is substantially higher than the overall survival previously reported in the literature. The area of residence significantly impacts survival. White men with SCCC are at an increased risk of developing second primary neoplasms of different organ systems.
Fatty acids and telomere length
Authors: Crous-Bou Marta , Lázaro Iolanda , Nadal-Zaragoza Núria , Sala-Vila Aleix 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
This narrative review includes the latest clinical and preclinical evidence on fatty acid exposure and telomere length, a widely accepted hallmark of aging.

Recent findings
A large body of literature focused on n-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Observational studies reported beneficial associations with telomere length for self-reported consumption of n-3 PUFA-rich foods; for estimated intake of n-3 PUFAs; and for n-3 PUFAs blood-based biomarkers in most (but not all) studies involving lipidomics, a promising tool in the field. Benefits were also observed in preclinical studies using different mouse models. Regarding other lipids, inconsistent findings were observed for circulating linoleic acid, whereas inverse associations with telomere length were reported for the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Finally, a study using Mendelian randomization reported that monounsaturated fatty acids and PUFAs have a positive effect on telomere length, whereas the opposite was observed for saturated fatty acids.

Summary
Evidence supporting that n-3 PUFAs might have beneficial effects on maintaining telomere length reinforce the salutary effects of these dietary fats. Approach considering the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio is discouraged because it is sustained in the incorrect assumption that all species from the n-6 and n-3 families are functionally equivalent.
Does enteral nutrition protect against stress ulceration in the critically ill?
Authors: Borthwick Mark , Jenkins Bethan , Wischmeyer Paul E. , Barletta Jeffrey F. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Critically ill patients are at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) due to stress ulceration. Strategies to reduce the risk include administration of prophylactic ulcer healing medications. Enteral nutrition (EN) may be favourably associated with GIB risks. This manuscript summarizes available evidence regarding EN effects on GIB

Recent findings
There are few data available to directly compare the effect of EN on GIB. Direct comparison in animal models generally indicate a beneficial effect. Human data provide indirect evidence from pharmacological stress ulcer prophylaxis studies. EN exposure has been randomized in nutrition trials of critically ill patients, but GIB outcomes were not recorded. Detailed EN exposure data were recorded in two large pharmacological stress ulcer trials. One finds EN is associated with lower GIB, lower mortality, and increased pneumonia, and notes a possible interaction between EN and pharmacological stress ulcer prophylaxis. The second has yet to report associations with EN

Summary
EN may reduce the risk of GIB, although robust direct evidence is absent. Potential interactions between EN and pharmacological stress ulcer prophylaxis require further study
Missing data and long-term outcomes from nutrition research in the critically ill
Authors: Schouteden Eline , Bels Julia L.M. , van de Poll Marcel C.G. , Presneill Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
The use of functional outcomes in critical care nutrition research is increasingly advocated; however, this inevitably gives rise to missing data. Consequently there is a need to adopt modern approaches to the foreseeable problem of missing functional and survival outcomes in research trials.

Recent findings
Analyses that ignore unobserved or missing data will often return biased effect estimates. An improved approach is to routinely anticipate the types and extent of missing data, and consider the likely mechanisms of that missingness. The researcher and their statistical advisor may then choose from a number of modern strategies to assess the sensitivity of the research conclusions to the patterns of missingness contained in these research data. Methods widely employed include multiple imputation of missing observations, mixed regression models, use of composite outcome variables with patients who die being attributed a value reflecting the lack of ability to function, and selected Bayesian methodology.

Summary
Conclusions from clinical research in critical care nutrition will become more clinically interpretable and generalizable with the adoption of modern methods for the statistical handling of missing data.
Concurrent nutrition and physical rehabilitation interventions for patients with critical illness
Authors: González-Seguel Felipe , Mayer Kirby P. , Stapleton Renee D. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
The effects of either physical rehabilitation or nutrition on outcomes in patients with critical illness are variable and remain unclear. The potential for the combination of exercise and nutritional delivered concurrently to provide benefit is provocative, but data are only emerging. Herein, we provide a summary of evidence from 2023 and 2024 on combined physical rehabilitation and nutrition during and following critical illness.

Recent findings
While latest trials on physical rehabilitation alone reported conflicting findings, recent nutrition trials found no difference between higher and lower protein delivery and even suggested harm in patients with acute kidney injury. In 2023 and 2024, we identified four studies (one randomized controlled trial) combining physical rehabilitation and nutrition (mainly protein supplementation) within the ICU setting. Overall, these suggested benefits, including reduction of muscle size loss, ICU acquired weakness, delirium, and improved mobility levels, although these benefits did not extend to mortality and hospital length of stay. No recent trials combining physical rehabilitation and nutrition for patients after ICU were identified.

Summary
Current insights on combined physical rehabilitation and nutrition suggest improved clinically relevant outcomes, but further investigations across the continuum of care of patients with critical illness are warranted.
Engaging family members in nutrition care during recovery from critical illness
Authors: Marshall Andrea P. , Ridley Emma J. , Chapple Lee-anne S. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
The delivery of high-quality personalized nutrition care both during ICU and throughout post-ICU recovery is limited by multifactorial barriers. As families are often a present and consistent resource, family engagement may help to optimize nutrition support during hospitalization and after recovery from critical illness. In this review, we summarize the evidence base for family engagement in nutrition care and hypothesize future roles families may play, throughout the critical illness recovery trajectory.

Recent findings
Family members may be best placed to convey patients’ personal nutritional preferences, and premorbid nutrition intake and status, as well as promote and minimize barriers to nutrition intake. The engagement of families in nutrition care is an emerging concept, and as such, few studies have explored the role of family engagement in the delivery of nutritional care. Those that do have shown high levels of family engagement and feasibility but have not yet translated to improved clinical and patient-related outcomes.

Summary
Further research should identify how and where families may best engage to support, or advocate for, improved nutrition care.
Giant placental chorioangioma: Case report
Authors: Castro-Apodaca Francisco Javier , Murillo-Llanes Joel , Cortez-Hernández Jesús Alberto , Magaña-Gómez Javier Abednego , Amezquita-Lopez Bianca Anabel , Peña-García Gloría María , Medina-Gutierrez Ana Rosa , Ley-Peña Pedro Alfonso , Canizalez-Roman Adrian , León-Sicairos Nidia Maribel , Morgan-Ortíz Fred , Terán-Cabanillas Eli 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
The giant placental chorangioma is a non-trophoblastic tumor, characterized by vascular proliferation that invades the fetal side of the placenta. This can lead to uteroplacental insufficiency and a subsequent imbalance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, resulting in early-onset preeclampsia and becoming an imminent obstetric emergency. The diagnosis can be suspected during the prenatal stage through ultrasound and confirmed through histopathology.

Patient concerns:
This case concerns a 23-year-old female patient who was admitted to our hospital at 32.6 weeks of gestation with a fetus in breech presentation in active labor and a placental tumor of undetermined origin. The placenta, measuring approximately 10 × 10 cm, with a mass, was sent to the pathology diagnosis.

Diagnoses:
The histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of giant placental chorangioma.

Interventions:
This case underscores the critical importance of prompt and comprehensive management in pregnant patients with placental tumors. Timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatments, including antihypertensive medications and vigilant monitoring, played a crucial role in the successful resolution of the patient’s condition. The confirmation of a giant placental chorangioma through histopathology emphasizes the significance of considering rare placental pathologies in clinical decision-making.

Outcomes:
This case contributes to the broader understanding of maternal-fetal health in the context of placental abnormalities and emphasizes the need for ongoing follow-up and management after discharge to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the infant.

Lessons:
Early ultrasound detection of placental abnormalities allows for timely intervention. Multidisciplinary care is crucial for managing these rare tumors. Histopathology confirms the diagnosis, guiding treatment decisions. Postpartum follow-up ensures maternal and fetal well-being.