bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Stress in Thin Films: An Innovative Pathway Toward 3D Micro and Nanosystems
Authors: Truong Thanh‐An , Nguyen Tuan‐Khoa , Zhao Hangbo , Nguyen Nhat‐Khuong , Dinh Toan , Park Yoonseok , Nguyen Thanh , Yamauchi Yusuke , Nguyen Nam‐Trung , Phan Hoang‐Phuong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTransformation of conventional 2D platforms into unusual 3D configurations provides exciting opportunities for sensors, electronics, optical devices, and biological systems. Engineering material properties or controlling and modulating stresses in thin films to pop‐up 3D structures out of standard planar surfaces has been a highly active research topic over the last decade. Implementation of 3D micro and nanoarchitectures enables unprecedented functionalities including multiplexed, monolithic mechanical sensors, vertical integration of electronics components, and recording of neuron activities in 3D organoids. This paper provides an overview on stress engineering approaches to developing 3D functional microsystems. The paper systematically presents the origin of stresses generated in thin films and methods to transform a 2D design into an out‐of‐plane configuration. Different types of 3D micro and nanostructures, along with their applications in several areas are discussed. The paper concludes with current technical challenges and potential approaches and applications of this fast‐growing research direction.
Evaluation of dynamic analysis of diagrid tall steel building subjected to wind with control approach of operation and acceleration criteria
Authors: Hooshmand Mehdi , Haji Kazemi Hassan , Zareei Seyed Alireza 
Published: December 2021

SummaryConsidering the widespread use of diagrid systems in tall buildings, research on the behavior of this structural system against wind and control of comfort criteria based on acceleration seems necessary. According to various regulations, it can be found that there is not much guidance for designing this structural system, and its requirements have not yet been included in the design regulations. Therefore, one of the most important objectives of the present study is to study and apply the diagrid structural system as one of the new structural systems in high‐rise buildings. For this purpose, the effect of various parameters, including the acceleration of stories and the base shear under the dynamic wind load, was evaluated which was less studied so far. It is expected that the performance of diagrid will be evaluated by more accurately understanding the diagrid in tall structures and examining the operation and comfort criteria based on acceleration against wind load using dynamic analysis of time history in three methods: Cholesky, ergodic, and autoregressive (AR). The results were compared with the formulas of ASCE7 regulations and AIJ‐GBV‐2004 and ISO 10137: 2007 and National Research Council of Canada (NBCC) comfort criteria. Studies show that the acceleration of diagrid system stories, based on the ASCE7 dynamic‐wind response prediction equations, has exceeded the allowable limit of ASCE 7 regulations (20 gal or 20 milli‐g). This is due to the overestimation of the ASCE 7 equations relative to the results of wind time history analysis. Hence, in the 50‐story structure, the maximum roof acceleration resulting from ASCE 7 equation is 1.83 times the analytical results, in 70‐story structure 2.07 times, and in the 100‐story structure 1.87 times the results of dynamic‐wind time history analysis.
Development of interprofessional case discussion series from an interprofessional geriatrics clinic and its influence on professional identity formation
Authors: Halli‐Tierney Anne D. , McKinney Robert E. , Gold Allyson E. , Allen Rebecca S. , Carroll Dana G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on the use of interprofessional case discussions as an interactive learning approach to cultivate professional identity formation among multiple professions while simultaneously promoting geriatric education and enhancing learning about diverse disciplines needed for care of the older adult.
Epididymis incision as a method to collect epididymal sperm cells in alpacas
Authors: Auer Marlen , Wagner Henrik , Failing Klaus , Wehrend Axel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpididymal sperm can be collected post‐castration or post‐mortem. This method has already been described for alpaca (Vicugna pacos), but little data are available on success rate and the influence of diluent on it.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate the effectiveness of epididymis incision as an extraction method.MethodPost‐castration epididymides (n = 78) were incised and semen was collected from cut surfaces. Further sperm were flushed with two semen extenders. For the left epididymis, a diluent without animal proteins and for the right, a diluent with egg yolk was utilised. Collected sperms were immediately spermatologically examined.ResultsDue to incorrect measurements, the samples of seven epididymides were not analysed. An evaluation was possible in 58 samples. Average density was 108.80 ± 83.28 million/mL and motility was 53.30 ± 18.17%. On average, 76.70 ± 11.60% of the sperm were vital in eosin‐stained specimens. In the hypoosmotic swelling test, an average of 69.50 ± 10.48% of the sperm had an intact plasma membrane. Semen extender had no effect on spermatological parameters (p > 0.05). Overall success rate of sperm recovery was 83%. Extraction of epididymal sperm was possible in 68.80% of the 2‐year‐old males. The 13 epididymides from which no sperm recovery was possible were histologically examined and for 10, there was no histological evidence of sperm. The corrected success rate was 95.60%.ConclusionTesticular volume (p = 0.0453), but not age (p = 0.62), had an effect on the probability of obtaining sperm.
The Fossil Record of Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii) in Greece
Authors: Argyriou Thodoris 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe nowadays hyper-diverse clade of Actinopterygii (ray-finned bony fishes) is characterized by a long evolutionary history and an extremely rich global fossil record. This work builds upon 170 years of research on the fossil record of this clade in Greece. The taxonomy and spatiotemporal distribution of the ray-finned fish record of Greece are critically revisited and placed in an updated systematic and stratigraphic framework, while some new fossil data and interpretations are also provided. Greece hosts diverse ray-finned fish assemblages, which range in age from Lower Jurassic to Quaternary. Most known assemblages are of Miocene–Pliocene age and of marine affinities. A minimum of 32 families, followed by at least 34 genera and 22 species, have been recognized in Greece. From originally two named genera and seven species, only two fossil species, established on Greek material, are accepted as valid. Additional taxonomic diversity is anticipated, pending detailed investigations. From a taxonomic perspective, previous knowledge lies on preliminary or authoritative assessments of fossils, with many decades-old treatments needing revision. Little is known about Mesozoic–early Cenozoic occurrences or freshwater assemblages. Given the proven potential of the Greek fossil record, this chapter stresses the need for additional exploration and the establishment of permanent, curated collections of fossil fishes in Greek institutions. Directions for future research are discussed.
The Salt of the Earth (Inspired by Cherokee Creation Story)
Authors: Collins Darrin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn Cherokee tradition, Selu and her husband Kana’ti are the first inhabitants of the Appalachian territory. Their tale is used to explain the Cherokee way of life (gender roles, religious traditions, and humans’ relationship with nature). In this recasting of the Cherokee creation story, the author seeks to highlight the implications of modern injustices including sexism, environmental racism, and ecological destruction. The goal of this work is to express the ills of commodifying the human body, time, and natural resources and to promote a healthy relationship between humankind and the Earth.
The Science of Data, Data Science: Perversions and Possibilities in the Anthropocene Through a Spatial Justice Lens
Authors: Weiland Travis 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the Anthropocene statistics, data science, and mathematical models have become a perversion of reality that society has largely chosen to ignore and is embraced as a great savior because people often view numbers as objective purveyors of truth. However, numbers do not interpret themselves, they do not tell their own story; people do that in all their subjective glory. In this chapter, I start by making connections between the Anthropocene and the disciplines of statistics and data science specifically through the context of spatial data. From this discussion I focus on two main points, which I connect to education. The first is that there is a dialectic tension involved in spatial data enquiry between creating new realities using spatial data and using spatial data to make sense of our reality. The second point is that people can choose how to investigate and use spatial data based on their ethics. I believe students should have opportunities to investigate and use spatial statistics through a spatial justice lens both to learn about the world around them and to shape the world around them.
Reflections on Teaching and Learning Chemistry Through Youth Participatory Science
Authors: Morales-Doyle Daniel , Frausto Aceves Alejandra , Canales Salas Karen , J. Chappell Mindy , G. Rajski Tomasz , Aguilera Adilene , Clay Giani , Lopez Delani 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis chapter captures a panel discussion from the 2019 conference of Science Educators for Equity, Diversity, and Social Justice (SEEDS, http://seedsweb.org) in Norfolk, Virginia. The panel included two high school students, three high school chemistry teachers, a community organizer, an administrator for a large urban school district, and a university-based science educator. These panelists, the authors of this chapter, had been collaborating on an initiative to support youth participatory science (YPS) projects in high school chemistry classes. We share this lightly edited transcript of our conversation as a way to communicate perspectives about the opportunities and challenges of YPS from viewpoints across these constituency groups. Our conversation is organized around three questions for reflection: (1) What are some of the challenges and possibilities when it comes to engaging with YPS in science classes? (2) How has engaging in YPS exposed both insights and oversights of scientific ways of knowing? (3) In YPS, what are the relationships between learning science and engaging in political and community issues?
Creating Magical Research: Writing for a Felt Reality in a More-Than-Human World
Authors: Bowers Nicole 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe work in the ruins of a world that has produced those ruins (Sauvé, 2017; Tsing in The mushroom at the end of the world: On the possibility of life in capitalist ruins. Princeton University Press, 2015), this time often referred to as the Anthropocene, science educators and researchers have been called to break with post-positivism, dualisms, and reductionism to settle on new onto-epistemological grounds (Bazzul and Kayumova,.Educational Philosophy and Theory 48:284–299, 2016; Haraway, D. (2016). Staying with the trouble: Making kin in the Chthulucene. Duke University Press.; Lather & St. Pierre in International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 26:629–633, 2013). One promising proposition lies in ontologies of process and epistemologies that expand to encompass affect with new combinations of knowing/experiencing/researching that honor the more-than-human world we need to navigate (Manning, E. (2013). Always more than one: Individuation’s dance. Duke University Press.; Muraca,.Environmental Values 20:375–396, 2011). In this chapter, I will introduce artful writing as inquiry in science education and explain the elements of magical realism that may contribute to works that reverberate with the-more-than-human world of the Anthropocene (Faris, W. (2004). Ordinary enchantments. Vanderbilt University Press.; Manning, E. (2016). The minor gesture. Duke University Press.; (Richardson & St. Pierre in The Sage handbook of qualitative research. Sage, 2005).
Redrawing Relationalities at the Anthropocene(s): Disrupting and Dismantling the Colonial Logics of Shared Identity Through Thinking with Kim Tallbear
Authors: Dutt Priyanka , Fateyeva Anastasya , Gabereau Michelle , Higgins Marc 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhat does it mean to respond to the Anthropocenes, plural, when doing science education? Specifically, can we critically engage with the Anthropocene, singular, without responding to the multiplicity in which Indigenous land and its many facets within the global community were at risk of destruction from Man? In this work, we contemplate the urgency of the inclusion of Indigenous philosophies and ways-of-knowing within the arching body politic, giving space to these practices that have been otherwise silenced within and beyond Western colonial frames. We argue that if the ways of thinking and practicing science and science education continue to stem from settler colonialism, capitalism, and toxicity, having previously and continually been responsible for the erasure of Indigeneity, the response within the Anthropocene will be multitudinously harmful. Here, we turn to Dakota scholar, Kim Tallbear, (Native American DNA: Tribal belonging and the false promise of genetic belonging, University of Minnesota Press, 2013) and her work in the intersections of identity, science, settler relations, and Indigeneity with the use of provocative imagery to the innate feeling of and within the Anthropocene(s).
Suberin in Monocotyledonous Crop Plants: Structure and Function in Response to Abiotic Stresses
Authors: Grünhofer Paul , Schreiber Lukas , Kreszies Tino 
Published: December 2021

AbstractApoplastic barriers, formed by Casparian bands and suberin lamellae, represent important means of plant roots to adapt water and nutrient homeostasis to changing environmental conditions. To understand and evaluate the precise physiological role of suberin lamellae in water and nutrient transport characteristics, it is important to understand root anatomy, including main deposition sites and microstructure of suberin. Here we review suberin localization, chemistry, biosynthesis, and differential implementation in dependence of different abiotic stimuli in roots of monocotyledonous crop plants. Furthermore, we add results on the formation of suberized barriers in barley roots under nitrogen and phosphate deficiency, as well as ABA treatments. We conclude that the degree of suberin accumulation is essentially independent of absolute root length, while endodermal plasticity strongly and differentially responds to external environmental stimuli and thus affects plant physiology.
Fitting ideals of p-ramified Iwasawa modules over totally real fields
Authors: Greither Cornelius , Kataoka Takenori , Kurihara Masato 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe completely calculate the Fitting ideal of the classicalp-ramified Iwasawa module for any abelian extensionK/kof totally real fields, using the shifted Fitting ideals recently developed by the second author. This generalizes former results where we had to assume that onlyp-adic places may ramify inK/k. One of the important ingredients is the computation of some complexes in appropriate derived categories.
Wird die Rolle von psychischen Erkrankungen beim Suizid überbewertet?
Authors: Brieger Peter , Menzel Susanne , Hamann Johannes 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Aussage, dass Suizide zu 90 % Folge psychischer Erkrankungen sind, wird häufig in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zitiert. Neuere Analysen und Kommentare ziehen das aber in Zweifel und betonen die Notwendigkeit, vielfältigere Ursachen für Suizidereignisse zu beachten, auch um die Prävention von Suiziden nicht auf das Erkennen und Behandeln psychischer Erkrankungen zu reduzieren. Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist die Darstellung und Bewertung wichtiger empirischer Befunde zu der Frage, ob die Rolle psychischer Störungen beim Suizid überbewertet wird.Psychische Störungen erhöhen das Risiko eines Suizides um das bis zu 30- bis 50-Fache gegenüber der Allgemeinbevölkerung, dennoch wird dadurch nur ein Teil aller Suizide erklärt. Aus Beobachtungs- und Therapiestudien ergeben sich deutliche Hinweise, dass psychische Störungen nur ein Faktor unter mehreren sind, die zu Suizid führen. Eine Rolle spielen beispielsweise auch Beziehungsprobleme, Substanzmissbrauch, Belastungen durch schwere körperliche Erkrankungen, akute Krisen im Beruf, Probleme mit Finanzen und juristische Belastungen.Suizidales Verhalten weist auf eine tiefe Unzufriedenheit hin, aber nicht notwendigerweise auf eine psychische Erkrankung. Viele Menschen mit einer psychischen Erkrankung zeigen kein suizidales Verhalten und nicht alle Menschen, die sich ihr Leben nehmen, haben eine psychische Erkrankung. Diese Erkenntnisse haben erhebliche Konsequenzen für die universale und indizierte Prävention von Suiziden.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Clothianidin, Thiamethoxam and Methomyl on Chironomus dilutus
Authors: Phillips Bryn M. , Voorhees Jennifer P. , Siegler Katie , McCalla Laura , Meertens Peter , Bower Julie , Tjeerdema Ron S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOrganism tolerance thresholds for emerging contaminants are vital to the development of water quality criteria. Acute (96-h) and chronic (10-day) effects thresholds for neonicotinoid pesticides clothianidin and thiamethoxam, and the carbamate pesticide methomyl were developed for the midge Chironomus dilutus to support criteria development using the UC Davis Method. Median lethal concentrations (LC50s) were calculated for acute and chronic exposures, and the 25% inhibition concentrations (IC25) were calculated for the chronic exposures based on confirmed chemical concentrations. Clothianidin effect concentrations were 4.89 µg/L, 2.11 µg/L and 1.15 µg/L for 96-h LC50, 10-day LC50 and 10-day IC25, respectively. Similarly, thiamethoxam concentrations were 56.4 µg/L, 32.3 µg/L and 19.6 µg/L, and methomyl concentrations were 244 µg/L, 266 µg/L and 92.1 µg/L. Neonicotinoid effect concentrations compared favorably to previously published 96-h and 14-day LC50 concentrations, and methomyl effect concentrations were within the acute survival range reported for Chironomus species and other organisms.
Polybaric fractional crystallisation of arc magmas: an experimental study simulating trans-crustal magmatic systems
Authors: Marxer Felix , Ulmer Peter , Müntener Othmar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCrystallisation-driven differentiation is one fundamental mechanism proposed to control the compositional evolution of magmas. In this experimental study, we simulated polybaric fractional crystallisation of mantle-derived arc magmas. Various pressure–temperature trajectories were explored to cover a range of potential magma ascent paths and to investigate the role of decompression on phase equilibria and liquid lines of descent (LLD). Fractional crystallisation was approached in a step-wise manner by repetitively synthesising new starting materials chemically corresponding to liquids formed in previous runs. Experiments were performed at temperatures ranging from 1140 to 870 °C with 30 °C steps, and pressure was varied between 0.8 and 0.2 GPa with 0.2 GPa steps. For most fractionation paths, oxygen fugacity (fO2) was buffered close to the Ni-NiO equilibrium (NNO). An additional fractionation series was conducted at fO2 corresponding to the Re-ReO2 buffer (RRO ≈ NNO+2). High-pressure experiments (0.4–0.8 GPa) were run in piston cylinder apparatus while 0.2 GPa runs were conducted in externally heated pressure vessels. Resulting liquid lines of descent follow calc-alkaline differentiation trends where the onset of pronounced silica enrichment coincides with the saturation of amphibole and/or Fe–Ti–oxide. Both pressure and fO2 exert crucial control on the stability fields of olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, plagioclase, and Fe–Ti–oxide phases and on the differentiation behaviour of arc magmas. Key observations are a shift of the olivine–clinopyroxene cotectic towards more clinopyroxene-rich liquid composition, an expansion of the plagioclase stability field and a decrease of amphibole stability with decreasing pressure. Decompression-dominated ascent trajectories result in liquid lines of descent approaching the metaluminous compositional range observed for typical arc volcanic rocks, while differentiation trends obtained for cooling-dominated trajectories evolve to peraluminous compositions, similar to isobaric liquid lines of descent at elevated pressures. Experiments buffered at RRO provide a closer match with natural calc-alkaline differentiation trends compared to fO2 conditions close to NNO. We conclude that decompression-dominated fractionation at oxidising conditions represents one possible scenario for arc magma differentiation.
Exact and metaheuristic approaches for unrelated parallel machine scheduling
Authors: Moser Maximilian , Musliu Nysret , Schaerf Andrea , Winter Felix 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study an important real-life scheduling problem that can be formulated as an unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times, due dates, and machine eligibility constraints. The objective is to minimise total tardiness and makespan. We adapt and extend a mathematical model to find optimal solutions for small instances. Additionally, we propose several variants of simulated annealing to solve very large-scale instances as they appear in practice. We utilise several different search neighbourhoods and additionally investigate the use of innovative heuristic move selection strategies. Further, we provide a set of real-life problem instances as well as a random instance generator that we use to generate a large number of test instances. We perform a thorough evaluation of the proposed techniques and analyse their performance. We also apply our metaheuristics to approach a similar problem from the literature. Experimental results show that our methods are able to improve the results produced with state-of-the-art approaches for a large number of instances.
Focal beam structuring by triple mixing of optical vortex lattices
Authors: Stoyanov Lyubomir , Maleshkov Georgi , Stefanov Ivan , Paulus Gerhard G. , Dreischuh Alexander 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOn-demand generation and reshaping of arrays of focused laser beams is highly desired in many areas of science and technology. In this work, we present a versatile approach for laser beam structuring in the focal plane of a lens by triple mixing of square and/or hexagonal optical vortex lattices (OVLs). In the artificial far field the input Gaussian beam is reshaped into ordered arrays of bright beams with flat phase profiles. This is remarkable, since the bright focal peaks are surrounded by hundreds of OVs with their dark cores and two-dimensional phase dislocations. Numerical simulations and experimental evidences for this are shown, including a broad discussion of some of the possible scenarios for such mixing: triple mixing of square-shaped OVLs, triple mixing of hexagonal OVLs, as well as the two combined cases of mixing square-hexagonal-hexagonal and square-square-hexagonal OVLs. The particular ordering of the input phase distributions of the OV lattices on the used spatial light modulators is found to affect the orientation of the structures ruled by the hexagonal OVL. Reliable control parameters for the creation of the desired focal beam structures are the respective lattice node spacings. The presented approach is flexible, easily realizable by using a single spatial light modulator, and thus accessible in many laboratories.