bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Donor source and post‐transplantation cyclophosphamide influence outcome in allogeneic stem cell transplantation for GATA2 deficiency
Authors: Nichols‐Vinueza Diana X. , Parta Mark , Shah Nirali N. , Cuellar‐Rodriguez Jennifer M. , Bauer Thomas R. , West Robert R. , Hsu Amy P. , Calvo Katherine R. , Steinberg Seth M. , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Holland Steven M. , Hickstein Dennis D. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryGATA2 deficiency was described in 2011, and shortly thereafter allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was shown to reverse the hematologic disease phenotype. However, there remain major unanswered questions regarding the type of conditioning regimen, type of donors, and graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. We report 59 patients with GATA2 mutations undergoing HSCT at National Institutes of Health between 2013 and 2020. Primary endpoints were engraftment, reverse of the clinical phenotype, secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), and the incidence of acute and chronic GVHD. The OS and EFS at 4 years were 85·1% and 82·1% respectively. Ninety‐six percent of surviving patients had reversal of the hematologic disease phenotype by one‐year post‐transplant. Incidence of grade III‐IV aGVHD in matched related donor (MRD) and matched unrelated donor recipients (URD) patients receiving Tacrolimus/Methotrexate for GVHD prophylaxis was 32%. In contrast, in the MRD and URD who received post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PT/Cy), no patient developed grade III‐IV aGVHD. Six percent of haploidentical related donor (HRD) recipients developed grade III‐IV aGVHD. In summary, a busulfan‐based HSCT regimen in GATA2 deficiency reverses the hematologic disease phenotype, and the use of PT/Cy reduced the risk of both aGVHD and cGVHD.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of urea‐based ROCK2 inhibitors
Authors: Wang Linan , Qi Junhui , Fan Meixia , Yao Lei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of urea‐based ROCK2 inhibitors were design and synthesized. The inhibitory activity on ROCK2 was screened by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study results showed that the urea derivatives exhibited certain ROCK2 inhibitory activity. The most potent compound 10p showed ROCK2 inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 0.03 μM. A preliminary structure‐activity relationship was then summarized. The molecular docking studies showed that further optimization needs to conduct to obtain more potent ROCK inhibitors.
What’s in a word? Cross‐linguistic influences on Spanish–English and Chinese–English bilingual children’s word reading development
Authors: Sun Xin , Zhang Kehui , Marks Rebecca A. , Nickerson Nia , Eggleston Rachel L. , Yu Chi‐Lin , Chou Tai‐Li , Tardif Twila , Kovelman Ioulia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the cross‐linguistic transfer of literacy skills in Spanish–English, Chinese–English bilingual, and English monolingual children (N = 283, 5–10 years). Research question 1 examines English literacy and asks how phonological and morpho‐semantic skills contribute to word reading as a function of children's language background. Structural equation modeling revealed contrasting bilingual effects: compared to English monolinguals, Spanish–English bilinguals relied more on phonological awareness in word reading, whereas Chinese–English bilinguals relied more on lexical knowledge. Research question 2 examines relations between bilinguals’ heritage language proficiency and English literacy. Results revealed direct and indirect effects of heritage language meta‐linguistic skills on English word reading. The study yields implications for reading theories and instructional practices in optimizing literacy in linguistically diverse children.
Electroencephalographic neurofeedback as a tool for reducing harm and risk associated with alcohol use disorder: A critical review
Authors: Lima Karla Helene Marques , Gomes July Silveira , Tucci Adriana Marcassa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIssuesAlcohol use disorder (AUD) causes the highest harms around the world. Many people use alcohol to reduce stress and anxiety, considered as risk factors for AUD. Chronic alcohol use leads to changes in the reward system and the high level of stress may exacerbate neuroendocrine responses. Electroencephalographic (EEG) neurofeedback shows reduction of stress, anxiety and alcohol abuse and it could be an important tool for reducing harm and risk associated with AUD. The aim of this paper is to review the studies that investigated the effects of EEG neurofeedback in subjects with AUD and it proposes to discuss this intervention as a tool for reducing harm and risk in AUD.ApproachMedline, PsycINFO and LILACS databases were searched and appropriated terms were used. Inclusion criterion was adopted. The year of publication was not limited because of the scarce number of studies. Eighty‐two papers returned and eight were included. A critical review was conducted.Key FindingsMost of the papers analysed used the alpha/theta protocol to reduce the ‘hyperexcitation’ of the nervous system. This protocol provides relaxation, decreases anxiety or stress, prevents alcohol relapse, maintains abstinence and increases the feeling of well‐being.ImplicationsEEG neurofeedback has important effects on AUD and anxiety or stress. Studies reinforce the use of EEG neurofeedback as an alternative tool for reducing harm and risk in AUD.ConclusionEEG neurofeedback is an intervention to treat AUD, specifically, to reduce harm and risk. However, more randomised studies are necessary to consolidate the effectiveness of the technique.
Temperature increase and frost decrease driving upslope elevational range shifts in Alpine grouse and hares
Authors: Schai‐Braun Stéphanie C. , Jenny Hannes , Ruf Thomas , Hackländer Klaus 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlobal climate change has led to range shifts in plants and animals, thus threatening biodiversity. Latitudinal shifts have been shown to be more pronounced than elevational shifts, implying that northern range edge margins may be more capable to keeping pace with warming than upper elevational limits. Additionally, global climate change is expected to disadvantage habitat specialists. In the Alps, climatic variation along the elevation gradient allows the coexistence of habitat specialists and generalists. Alpine species are anticipated to adapt their elevational ranges to the change of various climate variables caused by global climate change. Regional differences might buffer elevational shifts. Furthermore, distinct climate variables might differently affect the shifts of habitat specialists and generalists. To study the effect of climate change on Alpine species, we analysed hunting bag, climate and biogeographical data of two grouse species (Tetrao tetrix and Lagopus muta) and two hare species (Lepus timidus varronis and L. europaeus) in Grisons, Switzerland, over a period of 30 years. Our results based on 84,630 harvested specimens were as follows: (1) only three out of seven climate variables changed significantly within the study period. (2) The grouse species significantly shifted towards higher elevations, whereas the hare species only shifted in their minimum/maximum elevations. (3) Hunting elevation of habitat generalists increased more than in habitat specialists. (4) The elevational shifts were mostly related to the number of frost days. (5) Hunting elevation increased especially in the southern biogeographical region. To conclude, all four taxa respond to climate change but habitat generalists more rapidly than habitat specialists. The range shift to higher elevations due to global climate change will lead to a reduction in habitat availability for snow‐adapted species. Climate change is thus a serious threat to alpine biodiversity. Regions rich in alpine habitats will have an increased responsibility to conserve these species.
The economic effects of improved precipitation forecasts in the United States due to better commuting decisions
Authors: Hartman Brad , Cutler Harvey , Shields Martin , Turner Dave 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEach year the U.S. government makes significant investments in improving weather forecasts from numerical weather prediction models that are run operationally within the National Weather Service. Although the primary purpose is saving lives and property, more accurate forecasts can create substantial efficiency gains when they elicit improved behavioral responses. One example involves commuters, who make daily decisions about when to leave for work based, in part, on expected road conditions. When workers account for potential weather delays, economic losses due to missed work time are reduced. Economists have often looked at such questions with cost‐loss models, a partial equilibrium approach investigating gains to individual agents. We extend this idea to examine economy‐wide effects, embedding a behavioral model of time allocation with improved information into eight regional computable general equilibrium models of the US economy. Our primary mechanism is that reductions in lost work time lead to gains in firm‐level output. This study evaluates the economic impact of improvements to the High‐Resolution Rapid Refresh weather forecast models over three different versions on commuting. Aggregating results from comparisons between old and new versions of the HRRR for 206 metropolitan statistical areas, we find that forecasting improvements lead to smaller losses in work time, creating notable gains to the U.S. economy.
Ties that bind: An inclusive feminist approach to subvert gendered “othering” in times of crisis
Authors: Abdellatif Amal , Gatto Mark , O'Shea Saoirse , Yarrow Emily 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic, as an ongoing societal crisis, compounds pre‐existing intersectional inequalities. Since the start of this crisis, those on the margins—women, single parents, LGBTQ+, Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic peoples—and those living in precarity and poverty found themselves increasingly “othered.” As a group of academics who encounter gendered reality in disparate ways, we unite through this paper to prioritize a collective ethic of care as a counter‐narrative to the “business as usual” rhetoric that endures as our oppressive reality. In responding to this special issue, a (dis)embodied alterethnographical text is offered, encompassing four evocative reflections on symbolic annihilation to “unmute” our individual voices. We present an inclusive discussion to connect our disconnected otherness, collectively resisting the dominant, patriarchal narratives, through non‐linear, “messy writing.” Our contribution is threefold. First, we empirically contribute to dismantling heteronormative binarism by reclaiming our collective voices as a loud rebuttal to hegemony. Second, through collective conceptualizations of gendered crisis, we problematize theorizing gender from a unified conceptual lens to demonstrate the importance of an inclusive approach to feminism. Finally, a collective discussion of our cumulative experiences, contributes to the writing differently agenda, subverting the limitations of the encountered gender binaries.
Economic model to estimate cost of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation vs control therapies for hospitalised patients in the United States, Germany, and United Kingdom
Authors: Kim Paul J , Lookess Siobhan , Bongards Christine , Griffin Leah Passmore , Gabriel Allen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn economic model was developed to estimate the cost of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwelling of a topical wound solution vs control therapies. Economic model inputs were means derived from the results of a recently published systematic review and meta‐analysis of 13 comparative studies of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation. Means across studies comprising complex acute and chronic wounds for negative pressure wound therapy‐instillation vs control (negative pressure wound therapy without instillation, gauze dressings, or gentamicin polymethylmethacrylate beads) groups were 1.77 vs 2.69 operating room visits (P = .008) and 9.88 vs 21.80 therapy days (P = .02), respectively. These inputs plus hospital cost data were used to model costs for the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. For the United States, Germany, and United Kingdom, respectively, economic model estimates of total potential per patient savings were $33 338, €8467, and £5626 for negative pressure wound therapy‐instillation group vs control, based on assumed number of OR visits during therapy, cost of therapy system, and length of therapy. Model results showed an overall potential cost‐savings with negative pressure wound therapy‐instillation vs control, based on fewer OR visits and shorter therapy duration as reported in the published systematic review and meta‐analysis.
How Implementation Affects Revision: EU Decision‐Making on Changing the Posting of Workers Directive*
Authors: Steunenberg Bernard 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, I focus on how national policy implementation affects policy revision at the EU level. The main argument is that when policy is implemented in a decentralized manner, it affects the current situation or status quo in member states. This affects the possibilities of any further legislative change at the EU level. The analyses suggests that heterogeneity in national preferences and homogeneity in national status quo points make it less easy to adopt a revised policy. This result is illustrated by the recent discussion on revising the Posting of Workers Directive. Having rather different views on this policy while faced with limited possibilities to shape this policy nationally, makes it difficult to change the Posting Directive. The rather long and difficult negotiations, especially among the member states, about its revision support this implication.
Which symptoms best distinguish fibromyalgia patients from those with other chronic pain disorders?
Authors: Bennett Robert M. , Jones Kim D. , Aebischer Jonathan H. , St. John Amanda W. , Friend Ronald 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesThe primary purpose of this study was to test both classic and novel FM pain and non‐pain symptoms to determine their practical efficacy in aiding clinicians to distinguish FM pain from other chronic pain disorders.Methods158 pain patients from two primary care clinics were evaluated with history, physical exam, chart review, and a questionnaire containing 26 exploratory symptoms (10 from the Symptom Impact Questionnaire (SIQR) and 16 from the FM literature)). The symptoms were rated on a 0‐10 VAS for severity by those patients reporting pain over the past week. Somers' D and mean severity differences between FM and chronic pain patients without FM were used to rank the discriminatory and diagnostic contributions of symptoms.ResultsFifty patients (14.2%) carried a chart diagnosis of FM, 108 (30.7%) had pain but not FM, and 192 (54.5%) who had neither pain nor FM. Comparing means between the two pain groups, the 5 best differentiating symptoms (all, P < .0001) were: a persistent deep aching over most of my body, poor balance (7.4 vs 3.1), environmental sensitivity (6.8 vs 3.0), tenderness to touch (6.8 vs 3.6) and pain after exercise (8.1 vs 4.1). Notably, VAS pain though significantly higher for FM was least discriminatory (6.5 vs 5.1, P < .001). The five best symptoms generated a ROC = 0.85 and Somers' D = 0.69, an accuracy of 81%, and an odd's ratio of 14.4.ConclusionsOur results herein suggest that clinicians may be well‐served to consider symptoms in addition to those contained in current diagnostic criteria when recognizing FM in their chronic pain patients.
Effectiveness of a combination therapy using non‐ablative fractional laser and intralesional triamcinolone injection for thyroidectomy scar treatment: a prospective, randomized, blinded pilot study
Authors: Cheon Jeong Hyun , Hwang Yong Jae , Yoon Eul Sik , Jung Kwang Yoon , Park Seung‐Ha , Chung Jae Ho 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe occurrence of thyroid cancer has increased dramatically, and postoperative scars are placed at easily visible locations. Many patients show stronger desire for scar prevention. So far, numerous approaches have been discussed for the treatment of scars; this study is conducted to verify whether the early application of combined therapy contributes to minimal scar formation.MethodsBetween March 2019 and December 2019, total of 64 patients with thyroidectomy scars of a size greater than 4.5 cm located on the anterior neck were enrolled in this prospective pilot study. Subjective and objective evaluation were carried out using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) at one, two, and six months after operation. Results were compared between a treatment group and a non‐treatment group.ResultsIn PSAS score, the mean values of pain, itching sensation, pliability, thickness, and relief were significantly higher in the laser and steroid treatment group (p = 0.009, p = 0.000, p = 0.013, p = 0.002, and p = 0.007). The value of color of the scars showed no significant differences (p = 0.504). In OSAS score, parameter of thickness, relief, and surface area score was significantly higher score in the combination group (p = 0.029, 0.035, and 0.020), while vascularity, pigmentation, and pliability were not significantly different between two groups (p = 0.548, p = 0.983, and p = 0.128).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that early combination therapy contributes to scar improvement to a meaningful extent based on POSAS. We believe that the combined therapy has a synergy effect on scar management, which improves the patients’ quality of life in relation to their postoperative scars.
The sense of coherence scale in a clinical nursing perspective: A scoping review
Authors: Sundberg Kay , Nilsson Marie , Petersson Lena‐Marie , Kenne Sarenmalm Elisabeth , Langius‐Eklöf Ann 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of sense of coherence explains a person's resources to maintain health during times of considerable strain and is suggested to be applicable in nursing. A summary of how it has been applied and adapted in clinical nursing is warranted for further conceptual development and research.ObjectiveThe scoping review aimed to explore how the sense of coherence scale has been used from a clinical nursing research perspective.MethodPublished articles (N = 2812) through December 2018 were identified in the PubMed, Cinahl and PsychInfo databases. A total of 298 articles were included in the review. A five‐stage process was used to extract data based on pre‐determined selection criteria. Summative content analysis was used for the categorisation of the data. The PRISMA‐ScR checklist was chosen.ResultsA majority of the articles were published within the Nordic countries and the short version SOC‐13 was the most frequently used scale. Most studies stated the significant relationship of a higher sense of coherence and higher emotional and psychosocial well‐being, quality of life, and well‐being irrespective of condition. Other articles proposed identifying patients' degree of sense of coherence either to individualise care or to plan an intervention to strengthen sense of coherence.ConclusionsThe sense of coherence scale has been widely used within nursing and identified as an important factor to individualise care. Future research should focus on rigorous intervention studies to determine if recognising patients’ degree of sense of coherence in clinical nursing enables tailored care for patients when dealing with a disease‐related condition. More evidence is needed when seeking to improve sense of coherence.Relevance to clinical practiceThese results show an expansion of the concept of sense of coherence and endorses its use in nursing care for identifying patients' needs in the process of presenting individualised care.
The effect of melatonin on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles after a late evening meal in healthy young males
Authors: Albreiki Mohammed S. , Middleton Benita , Hampton Shelagh M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe suppression of melatonin by light at night (LAN) has been associated with a disruption of SCN function and biological processes. This study aimed to explore the impact of melatonin on glucose and lipid metabolism before and after a late evening meal. Nine healthy male participants (26 ± 1.3 years, BMI 24.8 ± 0.8 kg/m2 (mean ± SD) were randomly categorised into a three‐way cross‐over design protocol: light (>500 lux) (LS), dark (<5 lux) + exogenous melatonin (DSC) and light (>500 lux) + exogenous melatonin (LSC). All participants were awake in a semi‐recumbent position during each clinical session, which started at 18 00 h and ended at 06:00 h the following day. The meal times were individualised according to melatonin onset estimated from the participants' 48‐h sequential urine collection. The administration of exogenous melatonin was conducted 90 min before the evening meal. Saliva and plasma samples were collected at specific time points to analyse the glucose, insulin, NEFAs, TAGs, cortisol and melatonin levels. Participants demonstrated a significant reduction in postprandial plasma glucose, insulin and TAGs levels in the presence of melatonin (LSC and DSC) compared to LS (p = .002, p = .02 and p = .007, respectively). Pre‐prandial plasma NEFAs were significantly lower in LS than DSC and LSC as melatonin rose (p < .001). Exogenous melatonin administrated before an evening test meal improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and reduced postprandial TAGs. This study could have implications for shift workers who may have lower melatonin levels at night due to light suppression.
Seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of HDV infection among HBV patients in the Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: Elzefzafy Wafaa , Soliman Reham , Saleh Layla , Mahmoud Safyia , Makhlouf Nahed A , Shiha Gamal , Zaky Samy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe epidemiology of HDV infection worldwide is obscure. Mapping the epidemiology of the infection is highly required, so, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection among chronic hepatitis B patients and the epidemiological characteristics in the Nile delta in Egypt. This was a prospective observational cross‐sectional study including consecutive chronic hepatitis B patients in the out‐patient clinics at the Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH) and its satellites in the Nile Delta from January 2016 until August 2018. They were recruited from patients enrolled in Educate, Test and Treat program, which was implemented in 73 Egyptian Villages. Subjects were tested by using HBsAg serological rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and then HBV DNA by PCR was done in HBsAg‐positive cases. HDV IgG antibody testing and confirmatory HDV RNA PCR were done. Complete liver functions, abdominal ultrasonography and FibroScan were also performed. The prevalence of HDV was 3.4% using anti‐delta antibody (22/631), and only 8 were positive for HDV RNA (8/22, 36.4%). Overall HDV prevalence using PCR was 8/631(1.27%). HDV‐positive cases were mainly males (68.2%). Eight cases were cirrhotic (36.4%), 3 (13.6%) had HCC and 7 (31.8%) were HBeAg positive. HDV prevalence is low among chronic hepatitis B patients in the Nile delta, Egypt. Screening for HDV IgG is recommended in CHB patients who had cirrhosis, HCC or HBeAg positive.