bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Micromegas Surface Commissioning For the ATLAS New Small Wheel
Authors: Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi Athina , Fassouliotis Dimitrios 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to cope with the required precision tracking and trigger capabilities from Run III onward in the ATLAS experiment, the innermost layer of the Muon Spectrometer end-cap (Small Wheels) will be upgraded. Each of the two New Small Wheels (NSW) will be equipped with eight layers of MicroMegas (MM) detectors and eight layers of small-strip Thin Gap Chambers (sTGC), both arranged in two quadruplets. MM detectors of large size (up to 3m2) will be employed for the first time in HEP experiments.
Four different types of MM quadruplet modules (SM1, SM2, LM1, LM2), built by different Institutes, compose the NSW. The modules are then sent to CERN, integrated into double wedges (DW), tested and sent for commissioning on the wheel itself. At the commissioning stage the MM double wedges along with the sTGC wedges are assembled together into sectors which are then installed and tested on the wheel. Each wheel comprises 8 small (made of SM1 and SM2 modules) and 8 large (made of LM1 and LM2 modules) sectors, in order to provide full coverage of the end caps.
The first of the two wheels (NSW-A) has been fully commissioned, installed in ATLAS and the first tests are currently ongoing. The second wheel (NSW-C) is currently under commissioning and is expected to be ready by October this year.
Construction and operation of large scale Micromegas detectors for the ATLAS Muon upgrade
Authors: Maniatis I. , Sampsonidis D. , Lampoudis Ch. , Manthos I. , Petridou Ch. , Tzamarias S.E. , Kordas K. , Dima K. , Kallitsopoulou A. , Kalaitzidou I. , Karkanias I. , Kompogiannis S. , Maznas I. , Maragkou E. , Tsopoulou M. , Paschalias P. , Koutsosimos T. , Tsiafis I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
After the forthcoming upgrade of the LHC accelerator at CERN, its luminosity will increase up to 7.5 × 1034 cm−2s−1. That will raise the readout rates and the background data to unmanageable levels for the existing ATLAS muon spectrometer. The ATLAS collaboration has proposed to replace the present small wheel muon detector with the New Small Wheel (NSW) to surpass those limitations. The new wheels consist of Micromegas (MM) and small-strip Thin Gap Chambers (sTGC). The first technology aims for precision tracking, and the last one for trigger purposes. Each wheel will be equipped with eight small and eight large sectors, while each sector will have a double MM wedge surrounded by sTGC wedges. The MM detectors for the NSW will be the largest developed Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD) as they will cover an area up to 1280 m2. During detectors’ manufacture have been used various custom materials (PCBs, mesh) and innovative construction techniques. This paper describes the MM drift panels production at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki laboratory. Then will be presented resolution results of the MM detectors with cosmic-ray tests at CERN facilities.
Methods used for Gas Tightness Test and percent Oxygen Monitoring of the NSW Micromegas Detectors of LHC-ATLAS Experiment
Authors: Alexopoulos T. , Gazis E. N. , Maltezos S. , Koutelieris G. , Koutsoupi S. , Tzanis P. , Tzanos S. , Vlachos S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the frame of the LHC-ATLAS Upgrade of phase I, the New Small Wheel detector system is under integration and commissioning at CERN Laboratories. One of the detector type, the Micromegas detectors, during their integration are tested in several stages for gas tightness validation. In particular, the novel method we are using for the gas tightness test, that we called “Flow Rate Loss”, has been realized in several semi-automatic fixed, portable and stand-alone setups for testing either the Micromegas Quads or the final Double Wedges. The obtained measurements up-to-date are presented as well as their obtained statistical distribution. Additionally, during the performance evaluation of the detectors, a percent oxygen monitoring is also performed in 24-hour base. The methods and techniques we developed and used are presented analytically in this work.
A program to drive the ATLAS Local Trigger Interface (ALTI) at the ATLAS experiment
Authors: Trantou Foteini 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
During the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the LHC experiments will undergo a series of upgrades in order to maintain high physics performance following an increased data rate. The largest Phase 1 upgrade project at the ATLAS muon system is the replacement of the current inner station (end-cap regions) with the New Small Wheels. In addition, the ATLAS Local Trigger Interface (ALTI), a part of the Timing, Trigger and Control (TTC) system, will replace the four existing TTC modules. In normal operation, the detectors, along with the surrounding electronics, will receive TTC related signals from the Central Trigger Processor (CTP). This information is forwarded to the front-end electronics of each of the ATLAS sub-detectors through an optical network via the ALTI. The interface currently produces an artificially generated pulse pattern that contains the TTC information. This paper will summarize the creation of a program that generates pulse pattern files which are used to drive ALTI. Various tests have been conducted in order to study the performance of the NSW trigger electronics while using these files. Software development and data analysis using ROOT framework were used to validate the results of these tests.
The Detector Control System for the magnetic field sensors in New Small Wheel phase I upgrade of ATLAS detector
Authors: Tzanos Stamatios 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In conjunction with the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider accelerator at CERN, the ATLAS detector is also undergoing an upgrade to handle the significantly higher data rates. The muon end-cap system upgrade in ATLAS, lies with the replacement of the Small Wheel. The New Small Wheel (NSW) is expected to combine high tracking precision with upgraded information for the Level-1 trigger. To accomplish this, small Thin Gap Chamber (sTGC) and MicroMegas detector technologies are being deployed. Due to their installation location in ATLAS, the effects of Barrel Toroid and End-Cap Toroid magnets on NSW must be measured. For the final experiment at ATLAS, each sTGC large double wedge will be equipped with magnetic field Hall effect sensors to monitor the magnetic field near the NSW. The readout is done with an Embedded Local Monitor Board (ELMB) called MDT DCS Module (MDM). For the integration of this hardware in the experiment, first, a detector control system was developed to test the functionality of all sensors before their installation on the detectors. Subsequently, another detector control system was developed for the commissioning of the sensors. Finally, a detector control system based on the above two is under development for the expert panels of ATLAS experiment. In this paper, the sensor readout, the connectivity mapping and the detector control systems will be presented.
The REINFORCE citizen-science project and the search for new long-lived particles at the LHC
Authors: Angelidakis S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The REINFORCE project engages and supports citizens to cooperate with researchers and actively contribute to the development of new knowledge for the needs of science and society. The overall aim is to bridge the gap between them, and reinforce society’s science capital. Within this context, the demonstrator titled “New Particle Search at CERN” will engage citizen-scientists in searches for new elementary particles produced in the high-energy proton-proton collisions at the LHC. To make this possible, the demonstrator adopts a three-stage architecture. The first two stages use simulated data from the ATLAS detector to train citizens, but also to allow for a quantitative assessment of their performance and a comparison with machine learning algorithms. The third stage, on the other hand, uses real data from the ATLAS Open-Data subset, providing two research paths: (a) study of Higgs boson decays to two photons, one of which could be converted to an electron-positron pair by interaction with detector material, and (b) search for yet undiscovered long-lived particles predicted by certain theories Beyond-the-Standard-Model.
Increasing cloud water resource in a warming world
Authors: Cheng Jingya , You Qinglong , Zhou Yuquan , Cai Miao , Pepin Nick , Chen Deliang , AghaKouchak Amir , Kang Shichang , Li Mingcai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Under global warming, terrestrial water resources regulated by precipitation may become more unevenly distributed across space, and some regions are likely to be highly water-stressed. From the perspective of the hydrological cycle, we propose a method to quantify the water resources with potential precipitation capacity in the atmosphere, or hydrometeors that remain suspended in the atmosphere without contributing to precipitation, namely cloud water resource (CWR). During 2000–2017, CWR mainly concentrates in the middle-high latitudes which is the cold zone of the Köppen classification. In a warming world, CWR shows a significant increase, especially in the cold zone. Climate change with Arctic amplification and enhanced meridional circulation both contribute to the change of CWR through influencing hydrometeor inflow. By studying the characteristics of CWR and its influencing mechanisms, we demonstrate a potential for human intervention to take advantage of CWR in the atmosphere to alleviate terrestrial water resource shortages in the future.
The noncommutative geometry of the Landau Hamiltonian: differential aspects
Authors: De Nittis Giuseppe , Sandoval Maximiliano 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work we study the differential aspects of the noncommutative geometry for the magnetic C*-algebra which is a 2-cocycle deformation of the group C*-algebra of

R

2

. This algebra is intimately related to the study of the quantum Hall effect in the continuous, and our results aim to provide a new geometric interpretation of the related Kubo’s formula. Taking inspiration from the ideas developed by Bellissard during the 80s, we build an appropriate Fredholm module for the magnetic C*-algebra based on the magnetic Dirac operator which is the square root (à la Dirac) of the quantum harmonic oscillator. Our main result consist of establishing an important piece of Bellissard’s theory, the so-called second Connes’ formula. In order to do so, we establish the equality of three cyclic 2-cocycles defined on a dense subalgebra of the magnetic C*-algebra. Two of these 2-cocycles are new in the literature and are defined by Connes’ quantized differential calculus, with the use of the Dixmier trace and the magnetic Dirac operator.
Pedaro formation, equivalent of Plover sandstone at Savu Island, Outer Banda Arc
Authors: Santy L D , Widiatama A J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Plover Sandstone have been widely known as a good quality of oil and gas reservoir in NW Australia. As the continuity of NW Australia margin, outer Banda Arc become the distribution area of the equivalent of Plover Sandstone units. Therefore, a clear distinction and characterization of equivalent of Plover Sandstones distributed in this area is needed. Thick unit of quartz rich sandstone is scrap out in south Savu Island. Refers to the location where the lithology is found widely distributed, the unit is suggested to be called as Pedaro Formation. The characteristic of the lithology is determined through detailed measured section from two trajectories and laboratory analysis, including fourteen samples of petrography analysis, eight samples of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, and three samples of X-Ray Difraction (XRD) analysis. The lower part of the unit is initiated by braided fluvial conglomerates which gradually become tidal sand flat association of shale layers, coal seams and sandstone insertion. While the upper part of the unit is consisting of thick bedded quartz sandstone with thin siltstone insertion, deposited in the shoreface environment. Those facies association developed at transgressive conditions in the estuarine environment. The characteristic of the sandstone unit of Pedaro Formation is thickly bedded quartz wacke to quartz arenite, white to light grey in color, moderately to very well sorted, mostly mature sand. Pedaro Formation is identified to be deposited at Early Jurassic in interior craton tectonic setting. The characterization of sandstone unit of Pedaro Formation is showing that the unit can be correlate to the equivalent of Plover Sandstone found in Timor. Sandstone unit of Pedaro Formation can play a role as reservoir candidate in petroleum system of Savu and surrounding area.
Study of
Elodea canadensis
elimination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate and NH4Cl
Authors: Sergienko S E , Timofeeva S S , Kupchinsky A B , Chaneva G , Stom D I , Kashina N F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The absorption of an anionic surfactant - sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by a Elodea canadensis was studied. Macrophyte (20 g/L wet weight) reduced the concentration of this surfactant from 2 mg/L by 90% within 2 days. A negative effect of SDS on the elimination of ammonium nitrogen by E. canadensis was shown with its content from 1·10-4 M. Thus, in the presence of 1·10-4 M SDS, E. canadensis reduced the concentration of ammonium nitrogen by 51% of the initial value in 2 days (in the control - without surfactants - 92% of the pollutant was absorbed).
Hybridity of economic and social activities on informal market in Jakarta
Authors: Hantono D , Prayitno B , Pramitasari D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For more people, public open space plays an important role in everyday life. High accessibility causes a variety of activities to take place, both according to planning and those that take place without being planned. One of the activities that occur spontaneously and continue continuously so that it becomes a permanent construction is the formation of an informal market. The market is a meeting place for two actors, namely sellers and buyers, in economic activities in the form of buying and selling. However, unlike modern markets, traditional markets also take place in hybrid social activities. To find the hybridity of these two activities, it is necessary to conduct a research using a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of this study indicate that these two activities take place alternately and simultaneously. This hybridity is also a factor for their survival in the pressure of an environmental situation that was formed without a plan.
Identification of application of biological architecture in the South Nias’s traditional House in Indonesia
Authors: Siahaan F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nias Selatan is located in the west of the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, has a unique traditional house in the form of a stilt house with a sloping roof, and a wooden frame construction where all the building materials are made of biological materials, obtained from the natural surroundings. Buildings are strongly influenced by the environment and its inhabitants, which are in harmony with the principles of biological architecture. This study aims to identify the application of biological architecture in South Nias traditional houses. The research method used is qualitative content analysis, namely research methods with in-depth conceptual integration. The environment (climate, location, vegetation, land and water) and people / inhabitants (basic human needs, culture, beliefs / religions, and livelihoods) are important indicators as well as factors causing the birth of the traditional house of South Nias. These factors will be analyzed to determine the impact (architectural design, materials, construction) on the building. From the research results, it can be concluded that the traditional houses of South Nias apply biological architecture that reflects the genius locus of their ancestors.
Prospects of sustainable wood building architecture
Authors: Rilatupa J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The responsibility of an architect as a subject or actor in realizing a work; must consider the conditions and situations of the physical and social environment, taking into account aspects in saving, maintaining and using resources efficiently. To realize the building design requires the selection of material resources that are environmentally responsible, because this will give identity to the architectural work. The role of architects in building architecture is always influenced by the surrounding environment in its era. The history of the wooden building architecture development is inseparable from its surrounding environment condition. Reduced natural resources such as sand, gravel and materials for making cement or iron sand and mining prohibitions that damage the environment will encourage the use of wood as a sustainable material. At first the history of the wooden buildings existence only depends on aspects of a building function alone. Now with technological development innovation, the sustainability of wooden building architecture has three elements, namely: function, strength and aesthetics. In the modern definition, architecture must include functional, aesthetic, and psychological considerations. Meanwhile, the development of various innovative products, for example engineered wood is an effort so that the life span of wood-based products will be utilized longer.
Bus terminal planning with the TOD approach for Jakarta, case study Kampung Rambutan bus terminal
Authors: Krisantinus Y , Siahaan U , Simatupang S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Travel convenience needs to be supported by the existence of cheap, fast and comfortable public transportation. Jakarta as a Metropolitan City pays close attention to this and plans to improve all existing bus terminals and make them well and planned connected to all existing transportation networks. The transportation network integration system with community facility centers is known as “Transit Oriented Development” or TOD. One of the bus terminals included in this program is the Kampung Rambutan Bus Terminal, which is deemed unsuitable for use. The irregularity of the flow of passengers, the flow of private vehicles gives the impression of chaos and slum in this bus terminal. The position of this bus terminal is considered very strategic and important, because this bus terminal is a transit for passengers near and far. In principle, the TOD approach is a technique of connecting the transportation mode from the station or terminal to the surrounding buildings or areas. For example, commercial areas, offices and residences, are also connected via outdoor and indoor pedestrian paths that are open to the public and direct through to stations or terminals available in the area. Smooth travel and good network connectivity, this will also support the terminal environment maintenance issues. These two approach topics will be the theme of the new Kampung Rambutan bus terminal design.
Implementation of eco building on design rest area Soekarno Hatta international airport
Authors: Panjaitan T , Ismanto R , Rilatupa J , Ulinata U 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The population growth has resulted in demands for transportation needs to be able to carry out activities outside from home such as work, schooling and even travelling to other city dan countries. A transportation equipped with rest area facilities in order to facilitate the comfortable movement of resident activities. From these conditions, a rest area design is needed, especially at airports that can provide convenience and comfort for residents who want to travel to other city dan countries. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by collecting primary data, studying literature from similar projects. The rest area design at Soekarno Hatta Airport produces a rest area design that accommodates the density of visitors at Soekarno Hatta Airport by using the eco building concept in the building which is expected to provide comfort and convenience in using transportation in airport.
Visual and spatial changes of translocated Javanese vernacular houses in Padi Heritage Hotel Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Yusran Y A , Titisari E Y , Karomah H M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently, many Joglos, which is one of the Javanese vernacular houses have been translocated and converted by the locals to accommodate a variety of new functions, such as lodging and cafes. The effort to reuse those translocated Joglos becomes a conservation trend in Indonesia and assumed as an ex-situ conservation of cultural heritage buildings. Descriptively, this study examines the conservation efforts which runs in Padi Heritage Hotel Malang by translocating the Joglo Jepara and Joglo Kudus from its home and placed in this resort-hotel area. In its new homes, these re-rised Joglos adapt the new function and respectively it causes changes in the visual and spatial aspects of the Joglos as the result of the adaptive reuse approach. There are several factors that affect changes in the translocation of the Joglos in the Padi Heritage Hotel, such as the need to beautify the building visually, demands for new functions, as well as the need for certain additions to the structures of the building that makes questions about authenticity need to be addressed in this conservation issue.
Effect of side frictions on level of service of DI Panjaitan street in Cawang - East Jakarta
Authors: Gosal F E , Tambunan E 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDI Panjaitan street has a heavy traffic congestion on the-day-of-workday especially during peak periods from 7 am to 9 am and 5 pm to 7 pm. This research aims to determine the level of service of DI Panjaitan street especially during peak hours that caused by the traffic flow and the side friction of road. The level of service was determined by using Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidance or IHCG 2014 and the most influential variable of the side friction was determined by using multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS. The research shows that DI Panjaitan street has the level F on Monday during peak hours from 7 am to 9 am and between 5 pm to 7 pm and level from C to D occurred from Tuesday to Friday. The most influential variable of the side friction was determined by equation 0.157+ 0.002 X1 + 0.001 X2 + 0.002 X3. The research shows that the park & stop vehicle, exits + enters, not motorized vehicle, strongly correlates to the value of degree saturation with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.792.
Utilization of copper fiber waste to increase compressive strength and split tensile strength of rigid pavement
Authors: Ndruru H , Simanjuntak R M , Tampubolon S P 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rigid pavement is a pavement construction in which a concrete slab is used as the top layer, which is located above the foundation or directly above the subgrade, without or with an asphalt surface layer. One type of rigid pavement used in Indonesia is rigid pavement without using reinforcement which is usually used in areas with low traffic or residential areas. Pavement without using reinforcement is the small split tensile strength so that the part of the plate will experience cracks due to stresses that cannot be avoided from traffic loads. Therefore, it is necessary to have reinforcement on the concrete slab so that the cracks do not extend. In this research, the use of copper fiber waste from electronic cables as a substitute solution for reinforcement to be used as a mixture in concrete. The experiments were carried out using fiber with variations of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of the total weight of concrete mixture material and then tested at 28 days of concrete age. This research showed the variation of fiber weight until 1,5% increase the split tensile strength up to 32,46% and the compressive strength up to 9,16%.