bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forty years of score-based soccer match outcome prediction: an experimental review
Authors: Hubáček Ondřej , Šourek Gustav , železný Filip 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigate the state-of-the-art in score-based soccer match outcome modelling to identify the top-performing methods across diverse classes of existing approaches to the problem. Namely, we bring together various statistical methods based on Poisson and Weibull distributions and several general ranking algorithms (Elo, Steph ratings, Gaussian-OD ratings) as well as domain-specific rating systems (Berrar ratings, pi-ratings). We review, reimplement and experimentally compare these diverse competitors altogether on the largest database of soccer results available to identify true leaders. Our results reveal that the individual predictions, as well as the overall performances, are very similar across the top models tested, likely suggesting the limits of this generic approach to score-based match outcome modelling. No study of a similar scale has previously been done.
A survey of extant organizational and computational setups for deploying predictive models in health systems
Authors: Kashyap Sehj , Morse Keith E , Patel Birju , Shah Nigam H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) enabled healthcare is now feasible for many health systems, yet little is known about effective strategies of system architecture and governance mechanisms for implementation. Our objective was to identify the different computational and organizational setups that early-adopter health systems have utilized to integrate AI/ML clinical decision support (AI-CDS) and scrutinize their trade-offs.

Materials and Methods
We conducted structured interviews with health systems with AI deployment experience about their organizational and computational setups for deploying AI-CDS at point of care.

Results
We contacted 34 health systems and interviewed 20 healthcare sites (58% response rate). Twelve (60%) sites used the native electronic health record vendor configuration for model development and deployment, making it the most common shared infrastructure. Nine (45%) sites used alternative computational configurations which varied significantly. Organizational configurations for managing AI-CDS were distinguished by how they identified model needs, built and implemented models, and were separable into 3 major types: Decentralized translation (n = 10, 50%), IT Department led (n = 2, 10%), and AI in Healthcare (AIHC) Team (n = 8, 40%).

Discussion
No singular computational configuration enables all current use cases for AI-CDS. Health systems need to consider their desired applications for AI-CDS and whether investment in extending the off-the-shelf infrastructure is needed. Each organizational setup confers trade-offs for health systems planning strategies to implement AI-CDS.

Conclusion
Health systems will be able to use this framework to understand strengths and weaknesses of alternative organizational and computational setups when designing their strategy for artificial intelligence.
The Protective Effect of Natural Compounds on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase Inhibition
Authors: Yousefian Mozhdeh , Hosseinzadeh Hossein , Hayes A Wallace , Hadizadeh Farzin , Karimi Gholamreza 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely prescribed for the treatment of several human cancers. Unfortunately, cumulative doses of DOX are the main cause of myocardial dysfunction. Although preclinical and pharmaceutical studies were performed to investigate the potential of natural compounds in minimizing DOX toxicity, a comprehensive review of them is not available. This review can help the researchers for an effective search strategy.

Key findings
Oxidative stress and p53 play an important role in DOX-associated cardiotoxicity. DOX activates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH oxidase (NOX) in the heart, resulting in excessive reactive oxygen species that can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis through phosphorylation of p53, DNA damage and/or mitogen-activated protein kinases-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Although a few chemical drugs with high efficacy are administered along with DOX to prevent or more likely to reduce cardiovascular toxicity, their use is often limited by additional side effects. Recently, attention has been drawn to natural compounds that prevent DOX cardiotoxicity. This review focuses on some of the natural bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic efficacy against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC).

Summary
Some natural compounds, especially flavonols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, have the most protective effects against DIC by forming stable radicals and preventing the assembly of the NOX subunits.
Behavioral Health Provider Attitudes Toward Behavioral Health Profiles in the U.S. Army
Authors: Curley Justin M , Clarke-Walper Kristina M , Nugent Katie L , Wilk Joshua E 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
U.S. Army healthcare providers’ use of profiles to document and communicate behavioral health (BH) condition limitations to commanders is vital to understanding both the individual soldier’s BH readiness for missions and, as an aggregate, the unit’s overall BH readiness status. Quantitative work exploring the link between soldier attitudes toward BH profiles and treatment utilization found that profiles may actually promote increases in treatment-seeking behavior in those receiving conventional BH services. BH provider attitudes on the subject, however, have not been quantitatively explored. Using data from the recently described Behavioral Health Readiness and Decision-Making Instrument (B-REDI) study, the current inquiry addresses this by examining BH providers’ pre-/post-B-REDI attitudes toward BH profiles, including therapeutic alliance, to better understand how BH profiles may impact BH treatment.

Methods
This study was approved by the WRAIR Institutional Review Board and is part of the larger B-REDI study. BH providers (n = 307) across five installations supporting active duty U.S. Army Divisions completed surveys longitudinally across three time points from September 2018 to March 2019. The survey specific to this study included five items, developed by WRAIR, assessing BH provider attitudes toward BH profiles. Of the providers who completed the survey, 250 (81%) consented to participate in the study and 149 (60%) completed the 3-month follow-up survey.

Results
Over 80% of BH providers expressed agreement with each of three items assessing rationale for issuing BH profiles in both the pre- and post B-REDI period. Specifically, most providers agreed that profiles facilitate commander support to the soldier, afford soldiers resources for recovery, and give commanders increased understanding of soldier health for mission planning. Twenty-six percent of BH providers agreed, 46% were neutral, and 28% disagreed on whether profile impact on the soldier was positive or not in the pre-B-REDI period, but there was a significant positive trend relative to baseline in the post B-REDI period. The vast majority of providers (≥94%) did not endorse agreement that BH profiles negatively impact therapeutic alliance in either the pre- or post-B-REDI period.

Conclusions
Assuming that therapeutic alliance and perceptions of BH profile impact on soldiers are useful proxy measures of how treatment utilization may be affected by profiling, this inquiry fails to establish any meaningful negative association between them. This may provide some additional reassurance to BH providers and policymakers that efforts to improve readiness decision-making, such as B-REDI, and increased profiling in conventional military BH settings may not negatively impact treatment utilization rates.
Perinatal Symptoms and Treatment Engagement in Female Veterans
Authors: Anderson Elizabeth H , Morrow Carolyn , Mattocks Kristin M , Shivakumar Geetha 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionWomen veterans using Veterans Health Care Administration maternity benefits have a high prevalence of mental health disorders, including depression, PTSD, and anxiety. Additionally, women with psychiatric histories often experience a relapse or worsening of symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum. Adequate perinatal mental healthcare engagement is critical to optimizing outcomes for mother and child.Materials and MethodsThis study evaluated psychiatric symptom severity and predictors of women veteran’s mental health treatment engagement during pregnancy and postpartum at the VA North Texas Health Care System. Seventy women using Veterans Health Administration were assessed longitudinally via chart review and interviews (including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) during pregnancy and postpartum. A Friedman test was used to evaluate the change in symptom severity during (1) the 6 months before pregnancy, (2) pregnancy, and (3) postpartum. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine predictors of attending outpatient mental health appointments. Potential predictors examined included sociodemographic factors, symptoms of depression, history of military sexual assault, presence of a pre-pregnancy psychiatric diagnosis, and attendance of mental health appointments before pregnancy.ResultsApproximately 40% of participants demonstrated at least mild psychiatric symptoms before pregnancy, and symptom severity did not significantly change across the perinatal period (pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum) X2 (2, n = 70) = 3.56, P = .17. Depressive symptoms during the 2nd or 3rd trimester were a significant predictor for attendance of mental health appointments during both pregnancy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.34) and postpartum (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.36). An active psychiatric diagnosis during the 6 months before pregnancy was also a significant predictor of attendance following delivery (OR = 14.63, 95% CI, 1.55 to 138.51).ConclusionOur results demonstrate that women with prior histories of mental health conditions will continue to be symptomatic, and this is a good predictor of mental health treatment engagement during the perinatal period.
Central dynamics of multimass rotating star clusters
Authors: Tiongco Maria , Collier Angela , Varri Anna Lisa 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigate the evolutionary nexus between the morphology and internal kinematics of the central regions of collisional, rotating, multimass stellar systems, with special attention to the spatial characterization of the process of mass segregation. We report results from idealized, purely N-body simulations that show multimass, rotating, and spherical systems rapidly form an oblate, spheroidal massive core, unlike single-mass rotating, or multimass non-rotating configurations with otherwise identical initial properties, indicating that this evolution is a result of the interplay between the presence of a mass spectrum and angular momentum. This feature appears to be long-lasting, preserving itself for several relaxation times. The degree of flattening experienced by the systems is directly proportional to the initial degree of internal rotation. In addition, this morphological effect has a clear characterization in terms of orbital architecture, as it lowers the inclination of the orbits of massive stars. We offer an idealized dynamical interpretation that could explain the mechanism underpinning this effect and we highlight possible useful implications, from kinematic hysteresis to spatial distribution of dark remnants in dense stellar systems.
Pilot study of smartphone-based health outcome tracking (OurBrainBank) for glioblastoma patients
Authors: Ellen Jacob G , Boele Florien W , Hellman Bruce , Duprey Kelli , Nayak Lakshmi , Morris Jessica 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) typically have high symptom burden impacting on quality of life. Mobile apps may help patients track their condition and provide real-time data to clinicians and researchers. We developed a health outcome reporting app (OurBrainBank [OBB]) for GBM patients. Our primary aim was to explore the feasibility and take-up of OBB. Secondary aims were to examine the potential value of OBB app usage for patient well-being and clinical research.

Methods
Participants (or caregiver proxies) completed baseline surveys and tracked 10 health outcomes over time. We evaluated usage and engagement, and relationships between clinical/sociodemographic variables and OBB use. Participant satisfaction and feedback were described. To demonstrate usefulness for clinical research, health outcomes were compared with corresponding items on a validated measure (EQ-5D-5L).

Results
From March 2018 to February 2021, OBB was downloaded by 630 individuals, with 15 207 sets of 10 health outcomes submitted. Higher engagement was associated with being a patient rather than a caregiver (χ 2(2,568) = 28.6, P &lt; .001), having higher self-rated health scores at baseline (F(2,460) = 4.8, P = .009) and more previous experience with mobile apps (χ 2(2,585) = 9.6, P = .008). Among the 66 participants who completed a feedback survey, most found health outcome tracking useful (average 7/10), and would recommend the app to others (average 8.4/10). The OBB health outcomes mapped onto corresponding EQ-5D-5L items, suggesting their validity.

Conclusions
OBB can efficiently collect GBM patients’ health outcomes. The long-term goal is to create a unique database of thousands of deidentified GBM patients, with open access to qualified researchers.
Virologic Outcomes Among People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With High Pretherapy Viral Load Burden Initiating on Common Core Agents
Authors: Mills Anthony M , Schulman Kathy L , Fusco Jennifer S , Wohlfeiler Michael B , Priest Julie L , Oglesby Alan , Brunet Laurence , Lackey Philip C , Fusco Gregory P 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) with viral loads (VLs) ≥100 000 copies/mL are less likely to achieve virologic success, but few studies have characterized real-world treatment outcomes.MethodsART-naive PLWH with VLs ≥100 000 copies/mL initiating dolutegravir (DTG), elvitegravir (EVG), raltegravir (RAL), or darunavir (DRV) between 12 August 2013 and 31 July 2017 were identified from the OPERA database. Virologic failure was defined as (i) 2 consecutive VLs ≥200 copies/mL after 36 weeks of ART; (ii) 1 VL ≥200 copies/mL with core agent discontinuation after 36 weeks; (iii) 2 consecutive VLs ≥200 copies/mL after suppression (≤50 copies/mL) before 36 weeks; or (iv) 1 VL ≥200 copies/mL with discontinuation after suppression before 36 weeks. Cox modeling estimated the association between regimen and virologic failure.ResultsThere were 2038 ART-naive patients with high VL who initiated DTG (36%), EVG (46%), DRV (16%), or RAL (2%). Median follow-up was 18.1 (interquartile range, 12.4–28.9) months. EVG and DTG initiators were similar at baseline, but RAL initiators were older and more likely to be female with low CD4 cell counts while DRV initiators differed notably on factors associated with treatment failure. Virologic failure was experienced by 9.2% DTG, 13.2% EVG, 18.4% RAL, and 18.8% DRV initiators. Compared to DTG, the adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 1.46 (1.05–2.03) for EVG, 2.24 (1.50–3.34) for DRV, and 4.13 (1.85–9.24) for RAL.ConclusionsART-naive PLWH with high VLs initiating on DTG were significantly less likely to experience virologic failure compared to EVG, RAL, and DRV initiators.Antiretroviral therapy-naïve people living with HIV (PLWH) initiating therapy with viral loads ≥100,000 copies/mL varied markedly at baseline. In adjusted models, PLWH initiating dolutegravir-based regimens were less likely to experience virologic failure as compared to elvitegravir, raltegravir and darunavir initiators.
Oral Polio Vaccine to Protect Against COVID-19: Out of the Box Strategies?
Authors: Malave Sanchez Melanie , Saleeb Paul , Kottilil Shyam , Mathur Poonam 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has raised significant concerns of developing rapid, broad strategies to protect the vulnerable population and prevent morbidity and mortality. However, even with an aggressive approach, controlling the pandemic has been challenging, with concerns of emerging variants that likely escape vaccines, nonadherence of social distancing/preventive measures by the public, and challenges in rapid implementation of a global vaccination program that involves mass production, distribution, and execution. In this review, we revisit the utilization of attenuated vaccinations, such as the oral polio vaccine, which are safe, easy to administer, and likely provide cross-protection against respiratory pathogens. We discuss the rationale and data supporting its use and detail description of available vaccines that could be repurposed for curtailing the pandemic.
Inherited L1 Retrotransposon Insertions Associated With Risk for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Reiner Benjamin C , Doyle Glenn A , Weller Andrew E , Levinson Rachel N , Rao Aditya M , Davila Perea Emilie , Namoglu Esin , Pigeon Alicia , Arauco-Shapiro Gabriella , Weickert Cyndi Shannon , Turecki Gustavo , Crist Richard C , Berrettini Wade H 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStudies of the genetic heritability of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder examining single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations have failed to explain a large portion of the genetic liability, resulting in substantial missing heritability. Long interspersed element 1 (L1) retrotransposons are a type of inherited polymorphic variant that may be associated with risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We performed REBELseq, a genome wide assay for L1 sequences, on DNA from male and female persons with schizophrenia and controls (n = 63 each) to identify inherited L1 insertions and validated priority insertions. L1 insertions of interest were genotyped in DNA from a replication cohort of persons with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and controls (n = 2268 each) to examine differences in carrier frequencies. We identified an inherited L1 insertion in ARHGAP24 and a quadallelic SNP (rs74169643) inside an L1 insertion in SNTG2 that are associated with risk for developing schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (all odds ratios ~1.2). Pathway analysis identified 15 gene ontologies that were differentially affected by L1 burden, including multiple ontologies related to glutamatergic signaling and immune function, which have been previously associated with schizophrenia. These findings provide further evidence supporting the role of inherited repetitive genetic elements in the heritability of psychiatric disorders.
Ketamine for refractory chronic pain: a 1-year follow-up study
Authors: Corriger Alexandrine , Voute Marion , Lambert Céline , Pereira Bruno , Pickering Gisèle 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ketamine is often used in pain clinics for refractory chronic pain, but its long-term efficacy is poorly reported. The main objective was to assess the long-term effect of ketamine on pain and health variables in patients with refractory chronic pain. A prospective, multicenter, 1-year follow-up observational study (NCT03319238) was conducted in 30 French pain clinics where ketamine is commonly prescribed. This study focused on patients with 1 ketamine delivery procedure (n = 256). The primary endpoint was pain intensity (0-10 numerical pain rating scale) before and after ketamine every month for 1 year. Secondary outcomes aimed to identify pain trajectories by semiparametric mixture models and to collect adverse events. The following data were obtained for 256 patients: Pain intensity decreased significantly (6.8 ± 1.8, n = 240 at baseline vs 5.7 ± 1.8, n = 93 at 12 months; P < 0.001). The effect size of the main endpoint was 0.61 (95% confidence interval: [0.40-0.80]; P < 0.001). Three pain trajectories were identified: 16.0% of patients in “mild pain” (mostly neuropathic pain), 35.3% in “moderate pain,” and 45.7% in “severe pain” (mostly fibromyalgia) trajectory. Neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia presented opposite outcomes, pain severity being associated with anxiety, depression, and a poorer quality of life. Adverse events occurred at 1 week in 108/218 [50%] patients, and this rate gradually decreased throughout the follow-up. This real-life study in chronic pain identified distinct pain trajectories and predictive variables of ketamine efficacy. It is now pivotal to further study and optimize the subtyping of patients to provide the most effective and safe ketamine treatment in this vulnerable population.
Sex determination without sex chromosomes
Authors: Weber Ceri , Capel Blanche 
Published: July 2021

With or without sex chromosomes, sex determination is a synthesis of many molecular events that drives a community of cells towards a coordinated tissue fate. In this review, we will consider how a sex determination pathway can be engaged and stabilized without an inherited genetic determinant. In many reptilian species, no sex chromosomes have been identified, yet a conserved network of gene expression is initiated. Recent studies propose that epigenetic regulation mediates the effects of temperature on these genes through dynamic post-transcriptional, post-translational and metabolic pathways. It is likely that there is no singular regulator of sex determination, but rather an accumulation of molecular events that shift the scales towards one fate over another until a threshold is reached sufficient to maintain and stabilize one pathway and repress the alternative pathway. Investigations into the mechanism underlying sex determination without sex chromosomes should focus on cellular processes that are frequently activated by multiple stimuli or can synthesize multiple inputs and drive a coordinated response.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Challenging the paradigm in sex chromosome evolution: empirical and theoretical insights with a focus on vertebrates (Part I)’.