bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevent Ovarian Cancer Program (POCP): Identification of Women at Risk for Ovarian Cancer Using Complementary Recruitment Approaches
Authors: Tone Alicia A. , McCuaig Jeanna M. , Ricker Nicole , Boghosian Talin , Romagnuolo Tina , Stickle Natalie , Virtanen Carl , Zhang Tong , Kim Raymond H. , Ferguson Sarah E. , May Taymaa , Laframboise Stephane , Armel Susan , Demsky Rochelle , Volenik Alexandra , Stuart-McEwan Terri , Shaw Patricia , Oza Amit , Kamel-Reid Suzanne , Stockley Tracy , Bernardini Marcus Q. 
Published: August 2021

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2021;162:97–106)
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for 70% of ovarian cancer cases and is the deadliest subtype of ovarian cancer. Approximately 20% of ovarian cancers are hereditary, and the greatest single risk factor for ovarian cancer is the inheritance of a pathogenic variant (PV) such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.
Medical Management of Induced and Incomplete First-Trimester Abortion by Non-physicians in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kristiansen Marianne Bogen , Shayo Benjamin C. , Philemon Rune , Khan Khalid Saeed , Rasch Vibeke , Linde Ditte Søndergaard 
Published: August 2021

(Abstracted from Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2021;100:718–726)
Globally, unsafe abortion results in between 5% and 13% of maternal deaths each year, and 95% of unsafe abortions occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One cause of this dramatic socioeconomic disparity is insufficient access to safe abortion services driven by strict abortion laws, nonfunctioning health systems, lack of trained health care providers, and lack of services in rural areas.
A Pragmatic, Randomized Clinical Trial of Gestational Diabetes Screening
Authors: Hillier Teresa A. , Pedula Kathryn L. , Ogasawara Keith K. , Vesco Kimberly K. , Oshiro Caryn E. S. , Lubarsky Suzanne L. , Van Marter Jan 
Published: August 2021

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2021;384:895–904)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects up to 25% of pregnant women and increases the risk of a number of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. There are 2 screening approaches for GDM: 1-step screening preferred by the American Diabetes Association and 2-step screening recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Position and Integrity of Uterine Scar Are Determined by Degree of Cervical Dilatation at Time of Cesarean Section
Authors: Kamel R. , Eissa T. , Sharaf M. , Negm S. , Thilaganathan B. 
Published: August 2021

(Abstracted from Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021;57:466–470)
Abnormally invasive placenta (AIP) is a rare and sometimes fatal condition during pregnancy. Abnormally invasive placenta usually is caused by placental implantation over a uterine scar from a previous uterine surgery, most commonly a cesarean section (CS).
Use of Established Guidelines When Reporting on Interprofessional Team-Based Learning in Health Professions Student Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Burgess Annette W. , McGregor Deborah M. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Team-based learning (TBL) has gained popularity across the health professions, including in interprofessional contexts. The authors conducted this systematic review to summarize the published evidence regarding the extent, design, and practice of interprofessional TBL within health professions (including medical) degree programs to inform interprofessional education (IPE) educators and curricula designers.

Method
In June 2020, the authors searched PubMed Central, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ERIC for original research articles describing TBL programs with student representation from multiple health professions degree programs that were published between January 2010 and June 2020. Included articles underwent data extraction for study characteristics (e.g., country of origin, topics covered, class descriptors) and the 7 core design elements of TBL: team formation, readiness assurance, immediate feedback, sequencing of in-class problem solving, the 4 Ss (significant problem, same problem, specific choice, and simultaneous reporting), incentive structure, and peer review.

Results
Twelve articles were included. Significant variability was noted in the application and reporting of the 7 core design elements of TBL, which highlighted challenges to the implementation of interprofessional TBL.

Conclusions
Although the structured format of TBL provides a suitable pedagogy for IPE, this review identified challenges associated with the effective integration of IPE into TBL, including: the unequal distribution of students to teams as a result of there being multiple disciplines from different programs; varied levels of student experience with the pedagogy of TBL; a lack of resources required for large groups of students; timetabling requirements for multiple disciplines from different programs; inability to provide more than 1 TBL session; design of patient cases that suit multiple disciplines; alignment of topics within the curricula of multiple disciplines, programs, and universities; inequities in grading for different students within the same TBL program; and limited opportunity for peer review.
Academic Medicine’s Journey Toward Racial Equity Must Be Grounded in History: Recommendations for Becoming an Antiracist Academic Medical Center
Authors: Wilkins Consuelo H. , Williams Mamie , Kaur Karampreet , DeBaun Michael R. 
Published: August 2021

The harsh realities of racial inequities related to COVID-19 and civil unrest following police killings of unarmed Black men and women in the United States in 2020 heightened awareness of racial injustices around the world. Racism is deeply embedded in academic medicine, yet the nobility of medicine and nursing has helped health care professionals distance themselves from racism.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), like many U.S. academic medical centers, affirmed its commitment to racial equity in summer 2020. A Racial Equity Task Force was charged with identifying barriers to achieving racial equity at the medical center and medical school and recommending key actions to rectify long-standing racial inequities. The task force, composed of students, staff, and faculty, produced more than 60 recommendations, and its work brought to light critical areas that need to be addressed in academic medicine broadly. To dismantle structural racism, academic medicine must: (1) confront medicine’s racist past, which has embedded racial inequities in the U.S. health care system; (2) develop and require health care professionals to possess core competencies in the health impacts of structural racism; (3) recognize race as a sociocultural and political construct, and commit to debiologizing its use; (4) invest in benefits and resources for health care workers in lower-paid roles, in which racial and ethnic minorities are often overrepresented; and (5) commit to antiracism at all levels, including changing institutional policies, starting at the executive leadership level with a vision, metrics, and accountability.
Single Impact Injury of Vertebral Endplates Without Structural Disruption, Initiates Disc Degeneration Through Piezo1 Mediated Inflammation and Metabolism Dysfunction
Authors: Sun Zhengang , Zheng Xinfeng , Li Songbo , Zeng Baozhu , Yang Jiaming , Ling Zemin , Liu Xizhe , Wei Fuxin 
Published: August 2021

Study Design.

In vitro experimental study.

Objective.
To establish an axial impact injury model of intervertebral disc (IVD) and to investigate if a single impact injury without endplate structural disruption could initiate intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), and what is the roles of Piezo1 in this process.

Summary of Background Data.
Although IDD process has been confirmed to be associated with structural failures such as endplate fractures, whether a single impact injury of the endplates without structural disruption could initiate IDD remains controversial. Previous studies reported that Piezo1 mediated inflammation participated in the progression of IDD induced by mechanical stretch; however, the roles of Piezo1 in IVD impact injury remain unknown.

Methods.
Rats spinal segments were randomly assigned into Control, Low, and High Impact groups, which were subjected to pure axial impact loading using a custom-made apparatus, and cultured for 14 days. The degenerative process was investigated by using histomorphology, real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR), western-blot, immunofluorescence, and energy metabolism of IVD cell. The effects of Piezo1 were investigated by using siRNA transfection, real-time PCR, western-blot, and immunofluorescence.

Results.
The discs in both of the impact groups presented degenerative changes after 14 days, which showed significant up-regulation of Piezo1, NLRP3 inflammasome, the catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13), and pro-inflammatory gene (IL-1β) expression than that of the control group (P < 0.05), accompanied by significantly increased release of ATP, lactate, nitric oxide (NO), and glucose consumption of IVD cells at first 7 days. Silencing Piezo1 reduced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β expression in the nucleus pulposus induced by impact injury.

Conclusion.
It demonstrated that not only fracture of the endplate but also a single impact injury without structural impairment could also initiate IDD, which might be mediated by activation of Piezo1 induced inflammation and abnormal energy metabolism of IVD cells.

Level of Evidence: N/A.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome: focusing on secondary injury
Authors: Pan Pan , Su Long-Xiang , Liu Da-Wei , Wang Xiao-Ting 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most common severe diseases seen in the clinical setting. With the continuous exploration of ARDS in recent decades, the understanding of ARDS has improved. ARDS is not a simple lung disease but a clinical syndrome with various etiologies and pathophysiological changes. However, in the intensive care unit, ARDS often occurs a few days after primary lung injury or after a few days of treatment for other severe extrapulmonary diseases. Under such conditions, ARDS often progresses rapidly to severe ARDS and is difficult to treat. The occurrence and development of ARDS in these circumstances are thus not related to primary lung injury; the real cause of ARDS may be the “second hit” caused by inappropriate treatment. In view of the limited effective treatments for ARDS, the strategic focus has shifted to identifying potential or high-risk ARDS patients during the early stages of the disease and implementing treatment strategies aimed at reducing ARDS and related organ failure. Future research should focus on the prevention of ARDS.
Nonmotor Symptoms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Their Correlation With Disease Progression
Authors: Jaafar Nesreen , Malek Elia , Ismail Helen , Salameh Johnny 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
Motor neuron disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving upper and lower motor neurons. Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) are part of disease manifestation. We aim to report the prevalence and severity of NMS in patients with motor neuron disease (MND) in Lebanon.

Methods:
Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with MND at the American University of Beirut Medical Center were interviewed using the NMS Scale. The prevalence of these symptoms was assessed and correlated with disease progression.

Results:
All our patients had at least 2 NMS with an average total score of 15.8. Symptoms reported in more than half of the patients were fatigue, depression, dysphagia, lack of motivation, pain, change in weight, anxiety, constipation, and lack of pleasure. A significant correlation was found between the total NMS score and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale score (P = 0.002) and between the NMS score corresponding to mental health and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale score (P = 0.012). Patients with bulbar symptoms had a significantly higher NMS score corresponding to gastrointestinal symptoms (P < 0.0001). It is important to note that NMS such as dysphagia could be related to motor neuron involvement.

Conclusions:
NMS are commonly reported in patients with MND and seem to positively correlate with disease progression. Treating NMS is a critical aspect of the clinical care delivered to patients with MND to maintain a good quality of life.
Variable Presentation of Hereditary Transthyretin-Mediated Amyloidosis at a Single Center
Authors: Hussain Yessar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
Describe atypical presentations of hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis with polyneuropathy.

Methods:
Initial symptoms, diagnoses, and follow-up were recorded at the Austin Neuromuscular Center for 12 patients with nonclassical presentation of hATTR amyloidosis.

Results:
Common initial symptoms were hand and/or feet sensory manifestations (83%), muscle weakness (58%), and, less frequently, gastrointestinal and orthostatic impairment and carpal tunnel syndrome. Initial diagnoses were polyneuropathy (83%) and/or myopathy (25%). During follow-up, 10 patients (83%) developed cardiac symptoms (dyspnea, 67% and ankle edema, 17%), resulting in revised diagnoses of heart disease. Multisystem involvement raised suspicion of amyloidosis, which was confirmed by biopsy or nuclear scintigraphy, and genetic testing. All patients had polyneuropathy; 8 (67%) had cardiomyopathy-associated transthyretin mutations (V122I or T60A). Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was up to 10 years (median 5 years), during which patients' health deteriorated, although with recognition of disease signs/symptoms the diagnosis of hATTR amyloidosis was made in approximately 2–6 months from presentation at our center.

Conclusions:
Increased awareness of the diverse initial hATTR amyloidosis symptoms could shorten time to diagnosis, enabling earlier treatment and improved patient outcomes.
Severe Paraproteinemic Demyelinating Neuropathy With Impaired Excitability of the Distal Segments of the Peripheral Nerves
Authors: Khodulev Vasily I. , Kabaeva Katsiaryna N. , Stepanova Julia I. , Shcharbina Natallia Y. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We report clinical and detailed nerve conduction findings in case of polyneuropathy associated with kappa light chains monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance with progression to lymphoproliferative disorder. A 55-year-old man had a predominantly distal, chronic (5 years duration), slowly progressive, symmetric, predominantly sensory impairment with sensory ataxia, and mild weakness. M protein was identified by serum protein electrophoresis. The kappa/lambda ratio of free light chains was significantly elevated to 11.96. The cerebrospinal fluid protein level was elevated at 3.5 g/L. This case study has revealed 2 unusual electrophysiological phenomena—a very unusual prolongation of distal motor latencies of compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) up to 86.5 ms and impaired excitability of the distal segments of the peripheral nerves. The distal CMAP areas were considerably lower compared with the proximal CMAP areas. Radiography of the skull revealed osteolytic lesions.
Granulomatous Myositis Associated With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies Without Clinical Myasthenia
Authors: Jin Jingxiao , Isfort Michael C. , Ascherman Dana P. , Lacomis David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Myasthenia gravis associated with concurrent inflammatory myopathy is a rare but well-described syndrome, most often seen in patients with thymoma. We present a case of biopsy-proven granulomatous myositis associated with positive acetylcholine receptor binding, blocking, and modulating and antistriated antibodies, without clear clinical symptoms of myasthenia gravis and in the absence of thymoma. In addition, we include rarely reported neuromuscular ultrasound findings of granulomatous myositis in a patient without sarcoidosis. Inflammatory myopathy may precede development of myasthenia gravis in myasthenia gravis associated with concurrent inflammatory myopathy, and it is important to remain vigilant for symptoms suggestive of myasthenia gravis, especially in the presence of positive myasthenia-associated antibodies.
Pediatric Extraspinal Subcutaneous Sacrococcygeal Myxopapillary Ependymoma: Case Report and Minireview
Authors: Liu Yufei , Peng Yang , Wang Xiaolu , Guo Zhaokun , Xiang Chao , Wan Weisong , Wang Xingfu , Hu Yuchang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
A 9-year-old girl presented with a slow-growing and painless mass for 7 months in the soft tissue of the sacrococcygeal region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-circumscribed solid mass located in the subcutaneous soft tissue of the sacrococcygeal area, but not affecting bone structures. The mass was completely removed, and the disorder was diagnosed as myxopapillary ependymoma. In addition, the MYCN gene amplification status of the tumor was evaluated. Extra-axial ependymomas are very rare tumors with a tendency to metastasis, but they are usually regarded as low-grade ependymomas. Long-time surveillance and follow-up are necessary even after complete excision. Besides, we also discuss the diagnosis of primary soft tissue myxopapillary ependymoma.
Nevus Sebaceous of the Scalp With Stepwise Progression Into Invasive Syringocystadenocarcinoma Papilliferum
Authors: Kneitz Hermann , Goebeler Matthias , Rütten Arno 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum (SCACP), the malignant counterpart of syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP), is an extremely rare malignant adnexal neoplasm. It is described by the World Health Organization as a malignant transformation of SCAP occurring in middle-aged to elderly individuals with a predilection for the head and neck. SCACP seems to arise from a long-standing syringocystadenoma probably on a background of nevus sebaceous (NS) through a multistep progression. A 75-year-old man was referred to our department with a long-standing NS with a recent newly developing nodule on his scalp. The tumor was excised. On histology, the overall architecture of the tumor still resembled an unusual SCAP within NS but simultaneously showed transition to syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum in situ and invasive SCACP as recognizable by the presence of areas of nuclear atypia, increased proliferative activity, and infiltrative growth. In summary, we report an extremely rare case of an invasive SCACP of the scalp that demonstrates histological evidence for all transitive steps in the hypothetical multistep progression from NS to invasive SCACP in one single lesion. The implications of these findings are discussed in the light of the relevant literature.
Primary Eccrine Porocarcinoma of the Thumb With Metastasis: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ma Chunguang , Huang Kaikai , Liu Mingna , Huang Xiaobao , Chen Xiaohong , Zhu Zhe , Chen Mukai , Han Jiande 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare malignant sweat gland tumor that accounts for approximately 0.005% of all cutaneous carcinomas. It favors the lower extremities. Only 3% of EPCs are on the hand, and only 6 cases occurring specifically on fingers have been previously documented. However, we met a patient with EPC presenting the primary lesion on the left thumb and an extensive cutaneous metastasis on the left forearm. Pathologic findings of axillary lymph nodes confirmed lymphatic metastasis.
Gamma–Delta and CD20 Mycosis Fungoides: Two Cases Uncovered by Broad-Spectrum Immunostaining
Authors: Patel Payal , Fraga Garth R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:Mycosis fungoides (MF) expresses T-cell markers and the alpha–beta T-cell receptor (TCR) complex. Here, we describe a case of MF with dual expression of TCR delta and TCR beta and a case of MF expressing the B-cell marker CD20. Both anomalies were detected after we instituted a broad-spectrum immunostaining panel for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. These findings suggest anomalous immunophenotypes may be more common in MF than previously appreciated. Histopathologists should be aware of unexpected malleability in the immunophenotype of MF to avoid confusion with other subtypes of cutaneous lymphoma. Further research into the prevalence and significance of CD20 and TCR-delta expression in MF is encouraged.
Efficacy of Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet 2,940 and 1,064 nm Laser Treatment for Facial Rejuvenation—A Randomized Controlled Split-Face Clinical Trial
Authors: Song Wenting , Tian Yangzi , Tan Wenbin , Wang Gang , Gao Lin 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
The 2,940 nm erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet and 1,064 nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet lasers have been widely applied in facial rejuvenation, but no randomized trials exist to evaluate the efficacy of the combination treatment.

OBJECTIVE
The efficacy of the combined treatment for facial rejuvenation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 20 subjects with facial aging were enrolled and randomly assigned into 2 groups: one side of the face was treated with a 2,940 nm or 1,064 nm laser alone and the other side was treated with the combined lasers. The patients were treated by 3 sessions with 1-month intervals. The efficacies were quantitatively accessed by digitalized high-resolution photographs.

RESULTS
The 1,064 nm laser alone showed significant improvements on indexes of skin texture, spore, brown spots, elasticity, and melanin as compared with the baseline (p < .05). The 2,940 nm laser alone showed significant improvements on indexes of wrinkle, texture, pore, and elasticity (p < .05). The combined treatments showed significant improvements on the abovementioned indexes as compared with either a 1,064 nm or 2,940 nm laser treatment (p < .05).

CONCLUSION
A combination of 1,064 nm and 2,940 nm laser treatment renders significantly better efficacies for facial rejuvenation as compared with a 2,940 nm or 1,064 nm laser alone.
Outcomes of Lymphovenous Anastomosis for Upper Extremity Lymphedema: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gupta Nikita , Verhey Erik M. , Torres-Guzman Ricardo A. , Avila Francisco R. , Jorge Forte Antonio , Rebecca Alanna M. , Teven Chad M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) is an accepted microsurgical treatment for lymphedema of the upper extremity (UE). This study summarizes and analyzes recent data on the outcomes associated with LVA for UE lymphedema at varying degrees of severity.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database to extract articles published through June 19, 2020. Studies reporting data on postoperative improvement in limb circumference/volume or subjective improvement in quality of life for patients with primary or secondary lymphedema of the UE were included. Extracted data consisted of demographic data, number of patients and upper limbs, duration of symptoms before LVA, surgical technique, follow-up, and objective and subjective outcomes.

Results:
A total of 92 articles were identified, of which 16 studies were eligible for final inclusion comprising a total of 349 patients and 244 upper limbs. The average age of patients ranged from 38.4 to 64 years. The duration of lymphedema before LVA ranged from 9 months to 7 years. The mean length of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 8 years. Fourteen studies reported an objective improvement in limb circumference or volume measurements following LVA, ranging from 0% to 100%. Patients included had varying severity of lymphedema, ranging from Campisi stage I to IV. The maximal improvement in objective measurements was found in patients with lower stage lymphedema.

Conclusion:
LVA is a safe, effective technique for the treatment of UE lymphedema refractory to decompressive treatment. Results of LVA indicate greater efficacy in earlier stages of lymphedema before advanced lymphatic sclerosis.