bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on People With Epilepsy and Vagal Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Grande Eleonora , Tufo Tommaso , Ciavarro Marco , Di Muccio Ines , Fuggetta Filomena , Silvestri Martina , Bevacqua Giuseppina , Lanzone Jacopo , Assenza Giovanni 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Restrictive measures adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to limit contagion, have had a severe impact on mental health. The burden of lockdown has been particularly heavy on patients with chronic neurologic diseases such as People with Epilepsy (PwE). Our survey aims to describe the struggles and needs of Drug-Resistant (DR) PwE with implanted Vagal Nerve Stimulator (VNS) during the first wave of the COVID-19 lockdown in order to find strategies that help patients cope with present or future periods of restriction.Methods: We collected answers from 30 respondents who underwent an online survey including socio-demographic and clinical information and COVID-19-related information. Depression, anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality were investigated in patients through BDI II, GAD-7, and the PSQI scale.Results: In all, 46% of our sample reported an increase in the number of seizures; the entire sample complained of epilepsy-related issues (medication availability, VSN adjustments, anxiety, sleep disturbance); one out of three participants reported major epilepsy issues felt urgent; 30% had to postpone scheduled examination. Significantly higher scores for depression and anxiety scales were found in patients who perceived seizure frequency worsening and reported major epilepsy-related issues.Conclusion: Preliminary findings showed that the first lockdown influenced the clinical and psychological status of PwE and was related to seizures worsening. The lack of medical assistance and control on VNS therapy left patients to cope with the situation without a chance to contact a specialist. We discuss how a wider implementation of telemedicine programs could facilitate remote assistance of PwE with a VNS implant.
Pretreatment of Huoxue Jiedu Formula Ameliorates Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Decreasing Autophagy via Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Long Linzi , Yu Zikai , Chen ShengJun , Wu Jiarui , Liu Yingying , Peng Jun , Qu Hua , Fu Changgeng 
Published: February 2021

Background: Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) results in myocardial injury via excessive autophagy. Huoxue Jiedu Formula (HJF) has been widely applied in China for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. However, the mechanisms of HJF are still poorly understood. Thus, the present experiment was designed to observe the effects of HJF on myocardial I/R injury and explore the possible mechanism.Methods: Myocardial injury in rats subjected to myocardial I/R was reflected by nitrotetrazolium blue chloride staining, thioflavin S staining, serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Autophagy was determined by electron microscopy, laser confocal microscopy, Q-PCR and western blot. The possible pathway was predicted by network pharmacology and validated in vivo and in vitro.Results: Pretreatment of HJF decreased the no-reflow area, infarcted area, serum CK-MB levels and serum cTnT levels in I/R rat model. In addition, pretreatment of HJF decreased autophagy in heart tissues (decrease in Beclin-1 and LC3-II, and increase in Bcl-2, p62 and ratio of LC3-I/LC3-II). In the vivo study, pretreatment of HJF significantly decreased hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced autophagy in H9C2 cells. Network pharmacology was applied to predict the possible mechanism by which HJF affects cardiac autophagy, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway. And experimental studies demonstrated that pretreatment of HJF increased the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, and the effects of HJF on autophagy would be offset by PI3K inhibitor LY294002.Conclusion: Pretreatment of HJF ameliorates myocardial I/R injury by decreasing autophagy through activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Psychological State Among the General Chinese Population Before and During the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Network Analysis
Authors: Ge Fenfen , Zheng Anni , Wan Mengtong , Luo Guan , Zhang Jun 
Published: February 2021

Background: The infectious disease Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbroke in 2019 spread to multiple countries. The quick spread of the virus and isolation strategies may trigger psychological problems. Our aim was to explore the dynamic network structure of the psychological state before and during the epidemic.Methods: A web-based survey was conducted in two stages: the T1 stage (1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019) and the T2 stage (1 February 2020 to 8 March 2020). In both stages, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess depression, anxiety, and sleep, respectively.Results: We matched the data based on IP addresses. We included 1,978, 1,547, and 2,061 individuals who completed the depression, anxiety, and sleep assessments, respectively, at both stages. During epidemics, psychomotor agitation/retardation, inability to relax, restless behavior, and the frequency of using medicine had high centrality. Meanwhile, the network structure of psychological symptoms becomes stronger than before the epidemic.Conclusion: Symptoms of psychomotor agitation/retardation, inability to relax, and restless behavior should be treated preferentially. It is necessary to provide mental health services, including timely and effective early psychological intervention. In addition, we should also pay attention to the way patients use medicines to promote sleep quality.
Exposure to Phenols, Phthalates, and Parabens and Development of Metabolic Syndrome Among Mexican Women in Midlife
Authors: Zamora Astrid N. , Jansen Erica C. , Tamayo-Ortiz Marcela , Goodrich Jaclyn M. , Sánchez Brisa N. , Watkins Deborah J. , Tamayo-Orozco Juan Alfredo , Téllez-Rojo Martha M. , Mercado-García Adriana , Baylin Ana , Meeker John D. , Peterson Karen E. 
Published: February 2021

Background: Evidence suggests exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can influence Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) risk in adults, but it is unclear if EDCs impact women during midlife. We examined if EDCs measured in adult women were predictive of MetS and its components 9 years later.Methods: We measured urinary phthalate metabolites, phenols, and parabens collected in 2008 among 73 females from the ELEMENT study. MetS and its components (Abdominal Obesity, Hypertriglyceridemia, Cholesterolemia, Hypertension, and Hyperglycemia) were assessed in 2017. We regressed log-transformed EDC concentrations on MetS and MetS components using logistic regression, adjusting for age and physical activity.Results: At follow-up, the mean (SD) age was 46.6 (6.3) years; the prevalence of MetS was 34.3%. Sum of dibutyl phthalate metabolites (ΣDBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), and monoethyl phthalate (MEP) were associated with an increased odds of hypertriglyceridemia. 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5 DCP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4 DCP) were associated with increased odds of hypertriglyceridemia. The odds of hypertension were 4.18 (95% CI: 0.98, 17.7, p &lt; 0.10) and 3.77 (95% CI: 0.76, 18.62, p &lt; 0.10) times higher for every IQR increase in MCOP and propyl paraben, respectively. The odds of hyperglycemia were 0.46 (95% CI: 0.18, 1.17 p &lt; 0.10) times lower for every IQR increase in the sum of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHP), and the odds of abdominal obesity were 0.70 (95% CI: 0.40, 1.21, p &lt; 0.10) lower for every IQR increase in the concentration of triclosan.Conclusion: We found EDCs measured in 2008 were marginally predictive of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension 9 years later. Results suggest that lower exposure to certain toxicants was related to lower markers of metabolic risk among midlife women.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Lumbar Endoscopic Unilateral Laminotomy Bilateral Decompression and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for One-Level Lumbar Spinal Stenosis With Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Hua Wenbin , Wang Bingjin , Ke Wencan , Xiang Qian , Wu Xinghuo , Zhang Yukun , Li Shuai , Yang Shuhua , Wu Qiang , Yang Cao 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Both lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression (LE-ULBD) and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) have been used to treat one-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with degenerative spondylolisthesis, while the differences of the clinical outcomes are still uncertain.Methods: Among 60 consecutive patients included, 24 surgeries were performed by LE-ULBD and 36 surgeries were performed by MI-TLIF. Patient demographics, operation characteristics and complications were recorded. Sagittal parameters, including slip percentage (SP) and slip angle (SA) were compared. The visual analog scale (VAS) score, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and Macnab criteria were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Follow-up examinations were conducted at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.Results: The estimated blood loss, time to ambulation and length of hospitalization of the LE-ULBD group were shorter than the MI-TLIF group. Preoperative and final follow-up SP of the LE-ULBD group was of no significant difference, while final follow-up SP of the MI-TLIF group was significantly improved compared with preoperative SP. The postoperative mean VAS and ODI scores decreased significantly in both LE-ULBD group and MI-TLIF group. According to the modified Macnab criteria, the outcomes rated as excellent/good rate were 95.8 and 97.2%, respectively, in both LE-ULBD group and MI-TLIF group. Intraoperative complication rate of the LE-ULBD and the MI-TLIF group were 4.2 and 0%, respectively. One case of intraoperative epineurium injury was observed in the LE-ULBD group. Postoperative complication rate of the LE-ULBD and the MI-TLIF group were 0 and 5.6%, respectively. One case with transient urinary retention and one case with pleural effusion were observed in the MI-TLIF group.Conclusion: Both LE-ULBD and MI-TLIF are safe and effective to treat one-level LSS with degenerative spondylolisthesis.
FAKTOR RISIKO HIPOGLIKEMIA PADA DIABETES MELLITUS: LITERATURE RIVIEW
Authors: Budiawan Heri , Permana Hikmat , Emaliyawati Etika 
Published: February 2021

Pendahuluan : Identifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipoglikemia penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor resiko kejadian hipoglikemia, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar acuan pencegahan hipoglikemia berat dan hipoglikemia berulang. Objektif : Bertujuan untuk melakukan Literature review mengenai faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipoglikemia pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Metode : Metode penelusuran sumber data pada Literature review ini yaitu melakukan penulusuran database terdiri dari Google Scholar, Pubmed, Ebsco dengan kata kunci yang digunakan untuk pencarian pada databased Internasioanal yang pertama yaitu “Diabetes mellitus” AND “Risk factor hypoglycemia” “OR” Predictor hypoglycemia” Sedangkan pada databased Nasional menggunakan kata kunci yang pertama yaitu “Diabetes Mellitus “ dan” Faktor resiko hipoglikemia.”. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan melakukan critical apraisel pada setiap artikel. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil pencarian ditetapkan 8 artikel dengan design Kuantitatif publikasi 10 tahun terakhir (2009-2019). Faktor resiko yang berkaitan dengan kejadian hipoglikemia pada pasien diabetes mellitus yaitu terapi insulin, sulfolinurea, dan terapi kombinasi merupakan prediktor kuat terjadinya hipoglikemia, namun ada beberapa faktor lain yang berkaitan dengan kejadian hipoglikemia diantaranya nilai HbA1c, BMI, usia, jenis kealmin, pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, lama menderita diabetes mellitus, penyakit penyerta (penyakit ginjal kronis), dukungan keluarga, dan gaya hidup (konsumsi alcohol). Kesimpulan: Faktor resiko kejadian hipoglikemia pada pasien diabetes mellitus berkaitan dengan faktor medikasi (pemberian insulin, sulfolinurea, terapi kombinasi) dan faktor demografi pasien, oleh karena itu pengkajian resiko hipoglikemia pada pasien diabetes mellitus penting untuk diketahui, sehingga dapat berpotensi mencegah kejadian atau menurunkan kejadian hipoglikemi dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes mellitus
Intracompany reporting in the enterprise management system
Authors: Zadorozhnyi Zenovii-Mykhailo , Ometsinska Iryna 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The modern conditions of enterprise operation have led to changes in management reporting approaches and have caused more discussions in nonfiction about its identity with intracompany reporting. Informatization of society, globalization processes in the economy and its sustainable development have led to the expansion of management reporting functions and to clear definition of main characteristics of intracompany reporting, which is created by the staff for its internal use with the adherence of principles of confidentiality. The impact of external factors, which are mostly negative nowadays (economic crisis, restrictions caused by the global pandemic, unfair actions of competitors, cyberattacks) require qualitative developments of intracompany reporting forms, which should ensure rapid detection of the negative changes at the enterprise and timely provide the information for its effective elimination.The purpose of the study lies in scientific and theoretical justification of the concept «intracompany reporting», in determination of the role for enterprise management and also in outlining the principles of reporting formation and techniques of its preparation taking into account the modern conditions of enterprises activity.Methods. In the research process the following methods were used: theoretical generalization, comparison, abstract-logical for distinguishing the concepts of «management reporting» and «intracompany reporting»; grouping, generalization, analogy, analysis and synthesis for identifying the principles of formation of intracompany reporting and its qualitative characteristics; modeling, induction and deduction, structural-logical, tabular for establishing the stages of reports formation at the enterprise and the techniques of its preparation.Results. The essence of management and intracompany reporting as an information field for necessary decisions making by their users is investigated. The role of intracompany reporting for enterprise management is established and it is proved that it is an integral part of management reporting. The formation and usage principles of intracompany reporting in the context of two groups are outlined: the principles that are used in the formation of financial and intracompany reporting; principles that are used in the formation of intracompany reporting. The qualitative characteristics of such reporting are clarified. The stages of its formation at the enterprise are highlighted. The expediency of construction the intracompany reporting information map at the enterprise is established and its form is offered. The necessity of development of Regulations (standard) of the intracompany reporting is proved. Perspectives. Further researches should be aimed at developing the Regulations (standard) of intracompany reporting, as well as formation of standardized forms of such reporting, taking into account enterprises’ branch peculiarities.
Broadband piston mode operation of solidly mounted resonator employing A1 Lamb mode on lithium niobate
Authors: Wu Zhaohui , Wong Yu-Po , Wu Ting , Bao Jing-fu , Hashimoto Ken-ya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the impact of etched holes given to the solidly mounted resonator (SMR)-supported A1 Lamb mode resonators. The authors pointed out that the etched holes are effective at suppressing the lateral leakage and the transverse mode resonances for free-standing A1 Lamb mode resonators, and the technique was named the broadband piston mode (BPM). First, the SMR structure is designed for an A1 Lamb mode resonator, and it is shown that the release windows are effective in the suppression of transverse mode resonances even when the SMR is added. Detailed analysis is given to spurious responses that newly appeared by applying the SMR. Then, the discussion is extended to the impact of partial etching of the SMR layers underneath the release windows. The result indicates that the etching of the top SMR layer is enough for recovery of the BPM function.
Sensitive label-free immunoglobulin G detection using a MEMS quartz crystal microbalance biosensor with a 125 MHz wireless quartz resonator
Authors: Zhou Lianjie , Kato Fumihito , Ogi Hirotsugu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present a wireless quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensor fabricated using MEMS technology. The MEMS QCM biosensor contains a 125 MHz AT-cut quartz resonator embedded in the microchannel. Because of the compact design, the MEMS QCM biosensor is suitable for mass production and device miniaturization. We performed immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection measurements with different concentrations of IgG. The detection limit was 1 ng ml–1 or less, which is superior to that of the gold-standard surface plasma resonance method. Furthermore, we studied the binding affinity between protein A and IgG by studying the frequency response of the QCM biosensor. We found good agreement with reported values. Therefore, the presented MEMS QCM biosensor has the advantages of compactness, low cost, low power consumption, high sensitivity, and reliability.
Promoting vitreous silica devitrification by placement on a NaCl grain at 800 °C–1150 °C
Authors: Horii Naohiro , Kuzuu Nobu , Horikoshi Hideharu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study investigated devitrification of a silica glass substrate put on a NaCl grain heated at temperatures of 800 °C–1150 °C. The devitrified areas are concentric double circles with respective diameters of ca. 1.5 and 1 cm. Devitrification was especially eminent in the area within the inner circle. No change in diameter of outer and inner circles was observed, at least for heating times of 10–480 min. Only the depth of the region within the inner circle increased concomitantly with increasing heating time. No marked difference was found among silica glass species with different amounts of OH and oxygen-deficient silica glasses. The heating temperature depth-dependence characteristics of the center and inner circular region at a heating time of 8 h were compared. The depth of the center of the circular region increased linearly at temperatures greater than about 1000 °C. No temperature dependence was observed at temperatures less than about 900 °C. Devitrification did not proceed under vacuum. The circular region showed alkalinity. Based on these findings, we proposed a model to elucidate the devitrification mechanism.
Evaluating an Intensive Program to Increase Cultural Intelligence: A Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Chang Alexander Kristofer , Chang Alexander Stewart , Ingersoll Luke T , Miller Monica L. , Shields Cleveland G. , Gipson John A. , Calahan Charles A. 
Published: February 2021

This study used a quasi-experimental design to compare the effects of an intercultural development program on students' Cultural Intelligence (CQ) compared with students in a summer research program who did not receive the intervention. Social Learning Theory guided a 9-week student-centered cultural learning course focused on attention, retention, and reproduction of each CQ domain. After the course, students had opportunities to practice their CQ abilities while studying abroad. Pre-assessment CQ determined an individualized learning plan. Reflective journaling and cultural mentoring were used to maximize student CQ growth. Using multi-level modeling, we observed a statistically significant increase in three CQ domains compared to the comparison control group: cognitive (p<.01), metacognitive (p<.01), and behavioral CQ (p<.01). Motivation CQ scores did not significantly improve (p=0.08). Our results suggest that a university intercultural development program that intentionally combines a cultural learning course with a study abroad experience may improve students’ CQ.
KARAKTERISTIK FAKTOR RISIKO DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 PADA MASYARAKAT PRALANSIA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS CILACAP TENGAH 1
Authors: Edhy Rahayu Yuni Sapto 
Published: February 2021

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan kondisi hiperglikemia kronik disertai berbagai kelainan metabolik yang seringkali menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi kronik pada mata, ginjal, saraf dan pembuluh darah. Kejadian DM tipe 2 dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, cenderung mengalami peningkatan, bahkan dipekirakan bisa mencapai 552 juta penderita pada tahun 2030. Peningkatan jumlah penderita DM berkaitan dengan beberapa faktor antara lain kurangnya aktifitas fisik, hipertensi, dislipidemi, diet tidak sehat, umur ≥ 45 tahun, etnik, riwayat melahirkan bayi dengan berat badan lahir > 4000 gr, riwayat DM gestasional, riwayat lahir dengan berat badan rendah (<2,5 kg) dan riwayat keluarga dengan DM (first degree relative). Kasus Diabetes Melitus di Kabupaten Cilacap cukup tinggi dengan penyebaran kasus DM tipe II di wilayah Puskesmas Cilacap Tengah I. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik faktor risiko yang dimiliki oleh pralansia di wilayah Puskesmas Cilacap Tengah 1 yang meliputi faktor aktivitas fisik, indeks masa tubuh, riwayat hipertensi, riwayat keluarga DM, dan pola makan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah clautser random sampling, dengan besar sampel 90 orang. Analisis data menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 42% pralansia kurang aktivitas olahraga, 20 % memiliki riwayat keluaga DM, 37% memiliki riwayat hipertensi, 49% mengalami overweight, dan 100 % pola makan kurang sehat. Secara keseluruhan jumlah pralansia yang memiliki 3 atau lebih faktor risiko mencapai 91 % bahkan yang memiliki 5 atau lebih faktor risiko ada 23.3%.
PEMBIAYAAN UMKM, KINERJA BANK SYARIAH DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Setiawan Iwan 
Published: February 2021

Sharia banks have an important role to do with the development of MSMEs and the economy in Indonesia. The share of sharia bank financing in MSMEs decreased beyond the minimum limit set. This study aims to look at the role of MSME financing on the performance of Sharia banks and economic growth in Indonesia. The study used monthly data for the period 2016-2019 with the two stage least square (TSLS) analysis method. The results of this study revealed that financing in MSMEs contributes greatly to the improvement of the performance (ROA) of Sharia banks. The financing of MSMEs of Sharia banks does not contribute directly to economic growth. The contribution of MSME financing to economic growth occurs through the role of profit (ROA) of Sharia banks. There is a two-way relationship and mutual influence between sharia bank profits and economic growth. The role of economic growth towards bank profits is greater than the role of sharia banks in economic growth. It is important to pay attention to the portion and quality of financing in MSMEs that can improve the performance of Sharia banks and at the same time boost economic growth in Indonesia.