bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Cost and Simple Frontal Sinus Surgical Cutting Guide Modeling for Anterior Cranioplasty in Facial Feminization Surgery: How To Do It
Authors: Ganry Laurent , Cömert Mehmet 
Published: August 2021

Background:
This study demonstrates a novel and simple design to create a low cost frontal sinus surgical cutting guide, using patient's frontal sinus cavities as references, to perform an anterior cranioplasty in facial feminization surgery. A clinical series demonstrates its clinical use and safety.

Material and Methods:
Authors used a 4 open-source software protocol for the virtual surgical modeling (VSP). Retrospectively, pre- and post-operative complications were reviewed, and a FACE-Q questionnaires were used to evaluate patient's postoperative “Satisfaction with forehead and eyebrows.” Recordings of the VSP and surgical technic are presented.

Results:
Sixteen patients were operated between November 2018 and November 2020 using in-house surgical guides. All were performed by authors in 5 to 10 minutes using Blender open-source Software. No complications were reported and authors always found an optimal retention of the surgical guide on the convex bony surface of the forehead and frontonasal area. FACE-Q questionnaire reported a very high satisfaction for all patients (mean score: 22/24).

Discussion:
This simplify organic design can be performed efficiently by any surgeon even without previous training in home staging VSP. Patient satisfaction was very high, along with an absence of postoperative complications.
Clinical Effects of the Combination of Rhytidectomy and Temporomandibular Joint Disc Repositioning Surgery
Authors: Di Zhang Dan , Lee Lee Mui , Zhu Yao Min , Cheng Hui Na , Yao Wei , Deng Yong Qiang 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
This study aims to investigate the clinical effects of the combination of rhytidectomy and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc repositioning surgery in internal derangement (ID) stage IV-V and facial aging patients.

Methods:
Eighteen facial aging with bilateral ID IV-V patients were enrolled in this study. All of them had undergone temporomandibular disc repositioning surgery and rhytidectomy by the same surgeon (Yao Min Zhu). Pre-/post-surgical clinical manifestations, facial photography, radiographic data were recorded and analyzed, as well as doctor, patient, third-party evaluation of postsurgical facial appearance satisfaction.

Results:
The average age of 18 female patients was 52.9. The average of presurgical visual analog pain scale score was 5.94, ranged from 4 to 8. After 6 months, the average of postsurgical visual analog pain scale score was 0.28, ranged from 0 to 1 (P
> 0.05). The average maximal mouth opening of presurgical and postsurgical was 2.19 and 3.29 cm, ranged from 1.2 to 2.8 cm and 3.0 to 3.5 cm, respectively (P < 0.05). Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging showed the location of the bilateral TMJ discs directly above the mandibular condyle. The satisfaction rate of doctors, patients and third-party with facial appearance was 95% to 98%, 96% to 99% and 96% to 99%, respectively, with an average of 95.72%, 98.11%, and 97.50%.

Conclusions:
For patients with bilateral ID IV-V and facial aging, the combination of disc repositioning surgery and rhytidectomy is a very feasible procedure to treat TMJ disorders and improve patients’ facial appearance and satisfaction.
The Many Faces of Sagittal Synostosis: A Novel Classification and Approach to Diagnosis
Authors: Diab Jason , Flapper Walter , Grave Benjamin , Abou-Hamden Amal , Anderson Peter , Moore Mark 
Published: August 2021

Purpose:Among the variable forms of craniosynostosis, sagittal synostosis represents the most common type of nonsyndromic single-suture fusion. There are many variations of this form that have been recognized in the literature. We aim to identify and categorize the clinical and radiological characteristics for patients with sagittal synostosis from 2014 to 2017. Secondly, to define a classification system wherein quantitative and qualitative descriptors are used to provide a better understanding of the disease process.Methodology:An institutional retrospective analysis identified all patients during the 2014 to 2017 period with computer tomography (CT) diagnosed single suture sagittal craniosynostosis (n = 51). Redo cases were excluded from the study. The data was collected from CT radiological evidence, clinical images, and medical notes. The patients were stratified into clinical assessment, radiological and neurological, and a statistical analysis was performed.Results:The average age for CT scans was 3 months and operative management 6.4 months, respectively. The most common presentation:Conclusions:Sagittal synostosis presented with many heterogeneous variations. The classic appearance of a sagittal ridge, occipital bullet and/or frontal bossing, with frontal interhemispheric and subarachnoid spaces, and complete sagittal fusion was most common. A holistic classification can aid in the assessment and prioritization of surgical intervention. Future longitudinal studies would provide additional insight into the relationships between clinical appearance and suture fusion.
Association of Elective Surgical Volume With State Executive Order Curtailing Elective Surgery in Michigan During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Eton Ryan E. , Yost Monica L. , Thompson Michael P. , Osborne Nicholas H. , Nathan Hari , Englesbe Michael J. , Brown Craig S. 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
Our objective was to evaluate changes in elective surgical volume in Michigan while an executive order (EO) was in place curtailing elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Summary Background Data:
Many state governors enacted EOs curtailing elective surgery to protect scare resources and generate hospital capacity for patients with COVID-19. Little is known of the effectiveness of an EO on achieving a sustained reduction in elective surgery.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study of data from a statewide claims-based registry in Michigan includes claims from the largest private payer in the state for a representative set of elective operations on adult patients from February 2 through August 1, 2020. We reported trends in surgical volume over the period the EO was in place. Estimated backlogs in elective surgery were calculated using case counts from the same period in 2019.

Results:
Hospitals achieved a 91.7% reduction in case volume before the EO was introduced. By the time the order was rescinded, hospitals were already performing elective surgery at 60.1% of pre-pandemic case rates. We estimate that a backlog of 6419 operations was created while the EO was in effect. Had hospitals ceased elective surgery during this period, an additional 18% of patients would have experienced a delay in surgical care.

Conclusions:
Both the introduction and removal of Michigan’s EO lagged behind the observed ramp-down and ramp-up in elective surgical volume. These data suggest that EOs may not effectively modulate surgical care and could also contribute to unnecessary delays in surgical care.
Lipidomic Profiling of Colorectal Lesions for Real-Time Tissue Recognition and Risk-Stratification Using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Mason Sam E. , Manoli Eftychios , Alexander James L. , Poynter Liam , Ford Lauren , Paizs Petra , Adebesin Afeez , McKenzie James S. , Rosini Francesca , Goldin Rob , Darzi Ara , Takats Zoltan , Kinross James M. 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) is a metabolomic technique analyzing tissue metabolites, which can be applied intraoperatively in real-time. The objective of this study was to profile the lipid composition of colorectal tissues using REIMS, assessing its accuracy for real-time tissue recognition and risk-stratification.

Summary Background Data:
Metabolic dysregulation is a hallmark feature of carcinogenesis; however, it remains unknown if this can be leveraged for real-time clinical applications in colorectal disease.

Methods:
Patients undergoing colorectal resection were included, with carcinoma, adenoma and paired-normal mucosa sampled. Ex vivo analysis with REIMS was conducted using monopolar diathermy, with the aerosol aspirated into a Xevo G2S QToF mass spectrometer. Negatively charged ions over 600 to 1000m/z were used for univariate and multivariate functions including linear discriminant analysis.

Results:
A total of 161 patients were included, generating 1013 spectra. Unique lipidomic profiles exist for each tissue type, with REIMS differentiating samples of carcinoma, adenoma, and normal mucosa with 93.1% accuracy and 96.1% negative predictive value for carcinoma. Neoplasia (carcinoma or adenoma) could be predicted with 96.0% accuracy and 91.8% negative predictive value. Adenomas can be risk-stratified by grade of dysplasia with 93.5% accuracy, but not histological subtype. The structure of 61 lipid metabolites was identified, revealing that during colorectal carcinogenesis there is progressive increase in relative abundance of phosphatidylglycerols, sphingomyelins, and mono-unsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids.

Conclusions:
The colorectal lipidome can be sampled by REIMS and leveraged for accurate real-time tissue recognition, in addition to riskstratification of colorectal adenomas. Unique lipidomic features associated with carcinogenesis are described.
Continuous Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography During Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Chahine Adela , Chenouard Alexis , Joram Nicolas , Berthomieu Lionel , Du Pont-Thibodeau Geneviève , Leclere Brice , Liet Jean-Michel , Maminirina Pierre , Leclair-Visonneau Laurène , Breinig Sophie , Bourgoin Pierre 
Published: August 2021

Purpose:
Early prognostication of neurologic outcome in neonates and children supported with extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is challenging. Amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) offers the advantages of continuous monitoring and 24-hours availability at the bedside for intensive care unit providers. The objective of this study was to describe the early electrophysiological background patterns of neonates and children undergoing ECMO and their association with neurologic outcomes.

Methods:
This was a retrospective review of neonates and children undergoing ECMO and monitored with aEEG. Amplitude-integrated EEG was summarized as an aEEG background score determined within the first 24 hours of ECMO and divided in 3-hour periods. Screening for electrical seizures was performed throughout the full ECMO duration. Neurologic outcome was defined by the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score at hospital discharge.

Results:
Seventy-three patients (median age 79 days [8–660], median weight 4.78 kg [3.24–10.02]) were included in the analysis. Thirty-two patients had a favorable neurologic outcome and 41 had an unfavorable neurologic outcome group at hospital discharge. A 24-hour aEEG background score >17 was associated with an unfavorable outcome with a sensitivity of 44%, a specificity of 97%, a positive predictive value of 95%, and a negative predictive value of 57%. In multivariate analysis, 24-hour aEEG background score was associated with unfavorable outcome (hazard ratio, 6.1; p = 0.001; 95% confidence interval, 2.31–16.24). The presence of seizures was not associated with neurologic outcome at hospital discharge.

Conclusions:
Continuous aEEG provides accurate neurologic prognostication in neonates and children supported with ECMO. Early aEEG monitoring may help intensive care unit providers to guide clinical care and family counseling.
Testing Denmark: A Danish nationwide surveillance study of COVID-19
Authors: Fogh Kamille , Strange Jarl E , Scharff Bibi FSS , Eriksen Alexandra RR , Hasselbalch Rasmus B , Bundgaard Henning , Nielsen Susanne D , Jørgensen Charlotte S , Erikstrup Christian , Norsk Jakob , Nielsen Pernille Brok , Kristensen Jonas H , Østergaard Lars , Ellermann-Eriksen Svend , Andersen Berit , Nielsen Henrik , Johansen Isik S , Wiese Lothar , Simonsen Lone , Fischer Thea K. , Folke Fredrik , Lippert Freddy , Ostrowski Sisse R , Benfield Thomas , Mølbak Kåre , Ethelberg Steen , Koch Anders , Sönksen Ute Wolff , Vangsted Anne-Marie , Krause Tyra Grove , Fomsgaard Anders , Ullum Henrik , Skov Robert , Iversen Kasper 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundNational data on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and knowledge on associated risk factors are important for understanding the course of the pandemic. “Testing Denmark” is a national large-scale epidemiological surveillance study of SARS-CoV-2 in the Danish population.MethodsBetween September and October 2020, approximately 1.3 million of 5.8 million Danish citizens (age > 15 years) were randomly invited to fill in an electronic questionnaire covering COVID-19 exposures and symptoms. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was determined by Point-of Care rapid Test (POCT) distributed to participants home addresses.FindingsIn total 318,552 participants (24.5% invitees) completed the questionnaire and provided the result of the POCT. Of these, 2,519 (0.79%) were seropositive (median age 55 years) and women were more often seropositive than men, interquartile range (IQR) 42-64, 40.2% males. Of participants with a prior positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test (n=1,828), 29.1% were seropositive in the POCT. Seropositivity increased with age irrespective of sex. Elderly participants (>61 years) reported less symptoms and had less frequently been tested for SARS-CoV-2 compared to younger participants. Seropositivity was associated with physical contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals (Risk ratio (RR) 7.43, 95% CI: 6.57-8.41) and in particular household members (RR 17.70, 95% CI: 15.60-20.10). Home care workers had a higher risk of seropositivity (RR 2.09 (95% CI: 1.58-2.78) as compared to office workers. Geographic population density was not associated to seropositivity. A high degree of compliance with national preventive recommendations was reported (e.g., > 80% use of face masks), but no difference was found between seropositive and seronegative participants.InterpretationThis study provides insight into the immunity of the Danish population seven to eight months after the first COVID-19 case in Denmark. The seroprevalence was lower than expected probably due to a low sensitivity of the POCT used or due to challenges relating to the reading of test results. Occupation or exposure in local communities were major routes of infection. As elderly participants were more often seropositive despite fewer symptoms and less PCR tests performed, more emphasis should be placed on testing this age group.
The influence of repeated mild lockdown on mental and physical health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a large-scale longitudinal study in Japan
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Uchiumi Chigusa , Suzuki Naho , Sugaya Nagisa , Murillo-Rodriguez Eric , Machado Sérgio , Imperatori Claudio , Budde Henning 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe mental and physical effects of repeated lockdowns are unknown. We conducted a longitudinal study of the influence of repeated mild lockdowns during two emergency declarations in Japan, in May 2020 and February 2021. The analyses included 7,893 people who participated in all online surveys. During repeated mild lockdowns, mental and physical symptoms decreased overall, while loneliness increased and social networks decreased. Subgroup analyses revealed that depression and suicidal ideation did not decrease only in the younger age group (aged 18-29) and that younger and middle-aged people (aged 18-49), women, people with a history of treatment for mental illness, and people who were socially disadvantaged in terms of income had higher levels of mental and physical symptoms at all survey times. Additionally, comprehensive extraction of the interaction structure between depression, demographic attributes, and psychosocial variables indicated that loneliness and social networks were most closely associated with depression. These results indicate that repeated lockdowns have cumulative negative effects on interpersonal interaction and loneliness and that susceptible populations, such as young people and those with high levels of loneliness, require special consideration during repetitive lockdown situations.
“Devil’s stairs”, Poisson’s Statistics, and Patient Sorting via Variabilities for Oxygenation: All from Arterial Blood Gas Data
Authors: Chuiko Gennady , Darnapuk Yevhen , Dvornik Olga , Krainyk Yaroslav , Yaremchuk Olga , Diadenko Anastasiia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis report deals with arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) for healthy adults. A comparably small data set (20 persons) holds 3-minute records of SaO2. The sample rate was 200 Hz. The charts have the looks of a “devil’s stairs.” A few (from 1 to 10) detectable oxygenation levels form the stair’s treads, more or less long. “The risers” have two types (up and down), and all have virtually the same height, about 1 %. The inter-level shifts ( 0 to 42 switches per record) turned out a rare event at the actual sample rate. The number of switchings meets the Poisson distribution. There were found three visibly varied intensities for the switch-overs within the data set. Histograms also show the co-existing of no fewer than three subsets into the data set. The subsets differ by the intensity of switch-overs, amounts of possible levels, relative frequencies of most probable levels (modes), etcetera. In short, those all are diverse variability quantifiers. The higher variability subset has about 25 %, the lower one - 45%.
Parent-of-origin effects propagate through networks to shape metabolic traits
Authors: Macias-Velasco Juan F , St. Pierre Celine L. , Wayhart Jessica P , Yin Li , Spears Larry , Miranda Mario A. , Carson Caryn , Funai Katsuhiko , Cheverud James M , Semenkovich Clay F , Lawson Heather A 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTParent-of-origin effects are unexpectedly common in complex traits, including metabolic and neurological diseases. Parent-of-origin effects can be modified by the environment, but the architecture of these gene-by-environmental effects on phenotypes remains to be unraveled. Previously, quantitative trait loci (QTL) showing context-specific parent-of-origin effects on metabolic traits were mapped in the F16generation of an advanced intercross between LG/J and SM/J inbred mice. However, these QTL were not enriched for known imprinted genes, suggesting another mechanism is needed to explain these parent-of-origin effects phenomena. We propose that non-imprinted genes can generate complex parent-of-origin effects on metabolic traits through interactions with imprinted genes. Here, we employ data from mouse populations at different levels of intercrossing (F0, F1, F2, F16) of the LG/J and SM/J inbred mouse lines to test this hypothesis. Using multiple populations and incorporating genetic, genomic, and physiological data, we leverage orthogonal evidence to identify networks of genes through which parent-of-origin effects propagate. We identify a network comprised of 3 imprinted and 6 non-imprinted genes that show parent-of-origin effects. This epistatic network forms a nutritional responsive pathway and the genes comprising it jointly serve cellular functions associated with growth. We focus on 2 genes,NnatandF2r, whose interaction associates with serum glucose levels across generations in high fat-fed females. Single-cell RNAseq reveals thatNnatandF2rare negatively correlated in pre-adipocytes along an adipogenic trajectory, a result that is consistent with our observations in bulk white adipose tissue.
Mental Health Utilization in Children in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Coates Leah , Marshall Rebecca , Johnson Kyle , Foster Byron A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn early 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a public health emergency and a combination of lockdown and social distancing measures were put in place across the globe. Many children, adolescents and adults have experienced adverse mental health effects related to the pandemic and its impact on daily life, although the long-term impact on individuals and health systems is not well understood.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was based on data from 2018-2021 collected via medical records from our hospital. Admissions were transformed into time-series data, and models were generated to analyze changes in admission rates for mental health emergencies in 2020 and 2021 compared to previous years.ResultsOf 1906 inpatient encounters among 1543 unique patients seen by the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Consultation-Liaison service, there was a decrease in overall admissions beginning in March 2020, coinciding with statewide lock down due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In April 2020, admissions were reduced 36% compared to average admissions from 2018-2019. By 2021, overall admissions were significantly higher than for the previous three years. Similarly, the count of suicide attempts was significantly higher in 2021 compared to previous years. The rate of patients admitted to inpatient facilities upon discharge was significantly higher during the COVID-19 pandemic period.ConclusionAdmissions for mental health emergencies fluctuated during the period associated with the COVID-19 pandemic across an array of diagnoses. Increases in admissions and severity of mental health emergencies during COVID-19 may reflect a detrimental impact of the pandemic on the mental health of children, as well as unmet needs during this time.
The role of incentives in deciding to receive the available COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Shmueli Liora 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the public’s intention to get vaccinated immediately after COVID-19 vaccine became available, and to determine the role of incentives beyond socio-demographic, health-related and behavioral factors, in predicting this intention.MethodsAn online survey was conducted among adults in Israel (n=461), immediately after the first COVID-19 vaccine became available (22/12/2020 to 10/1/2021). Two regressions were performed to investigate determinants of intention and sense of urgency to receive the available COVID-19 vaccine.ResultsAlthough many adults intended to receive available COVID-19 vaccine, only 65% intended to immediately receive the vaccine; 16% preferred to wait 3 months and 18% preferred to wait a year. The sense of urgency to get vaccinated differed by age, periphery-level, perceived barriers, cues to action and availability. Monetary rewards or the “green pass” incentives didn’t increase the probability of getting vaccination immediately.ConclusionsProviding data on the role of incentives in increasing the intention to immediately receive the available COVID-19 vaccine is important for health policy makers and healthcare providers. Our findings underscore the importance of COVID-19 vaccine accessibility.Practice ImplicationsHealth policy makers should consider allocating funds for making the vaccine accessible and encourage methods of persuasion, instead of investing funds in monetary incentives.