bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concerns and effects of COVID-19 in families with babies: results of a nationwide survey in Finland
Authors: Lammi-Taskula J , Klemetti R , Vuorenmaa M , Helakorpi S , Ervasti E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 has changed the everyday life of families. The aim of this study was to examine the concerns and effects of the pandemic on the everyday life of families with babies.

Methods
The data consist of mothers (n = 4550) and fathers (n = 2955) with 3-6-month-old babies who participated in the national FinChildren survey in autumn 2020. The results were analyzed separately for mothers and fathers according to the number of children. One-child parents were compared to parents with several children by logistic regression adjusted for parents' age, education and economic situation.

Results
The response rate was 50% among mothers and 36% among fathers. Mothers worried about COVID-19 more than fathers and one-child parents more than parents with several children. Mothers reported increased loneliness more than fathers regardless of the number of children (48% vs 21%). Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for concern related to delivery during the pandemic was 1.98 (1.74-2.25) for one-child mothers and 1.95 (1.66-2.30) for fathers and for concern to the danger of COVID-19 to the baby 1.66 (1.47-1.89) for one-child mothers and 1.97 (1.67-2.34) for fathers, respectively. Coping with everyday life was less likely to change due to the pandemic among one-child mothers (decrease 0.56, 0.48-0.65 / increase 0.59, 0.49-0.70) compared to mothers with several children. Contacts with grandparents were less likely to decrease among one-child mothers (0.75, 0.65-0.86). The amount of time spent with family was more likely to decrease among both one-child mothers (2.63, 2.11-3.28) and fathers (2.22, 1.51-3.27) compared to the parents with several children.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 has had both negative and positive effects on the everyday life of families with babies. During and after the pandemic, it is necessary to pay attention to the coping of mothers and fathers, and to the support and services offered to them.

Key messages
Mothers of small babies worry more and are more lonely than fathers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coping in everyday life is more polarised among families with several children than in one-child families.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emotional status of the adult and older population in Italy. Data from the behavioural risk factor surveillance systems PASSI and PASSI d’Argento, 2020-2021
Authors: Costa G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PASSI and PASSI d'Argento are two nationwide ongoing population-based surveillance systems in Italy which targeting, respectively, adults aged 18-69 and over-65, aim at monitoring people health profile, as per health behaviours and their determinants. The Italian National Institute of Health is in charge of the central coordination, but the Local Health Units (LHUs) develop these surveillances. Specifically trained LHUs personnel conduct phone-interviews on gender and age-representative monthly samples of residents in Italy by using a standardised questionnaire. Within both systems, depressive symptoms are under investigation through the Patient Health Questionnaire-2. Since August 2020 to date, PASSI and PASSI d'Argento annexed a specific COVID module in addition to the standard questionnaires' sections. In this way, we have been studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic and working conditions, emotional status and other health-related aspects, as well as those concerning contagion risk perception and its outcomes or citizens compliance with pandemic control measures. In detail, two questions detect the impact of the pandemic on emotional status: ‘intrusive thinking' as dimension of psychological stress associated to experiencing COVID-19 emergency, and ‘degree of concern' about the current situation as a dimension of anxiety. Even if the two items are not precise tools to assess mental health symptoms, they are in the condition to give hints for an estimation of the pandemic impact on the psychological well-being in the general population. Preliminary findings, from the analysis of 5,000 interviews, show quite direct experience of COVID (bereavements in family or COVID-positive friends), worsened economic resources among the working-age individuals, and social isolation in the elderly, as the main determinants of intrusive thinking. Being worried about pandemic also correlates with experience of COVID, showing significant differences by gender.
Risk of Sars-CoV-2 infection and disease severity in people at socioeconomic disadvantage in Italy
Authors: Mazzilli S , Chieti A , Casigliani V , Forni S , Nannavecchia A , Bisceglia L , Voller F , Tavoschi L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Evidence accumulated in the past months indicating that COVID-19 affects people at socioeconomic (SE) disadvantage more strongly. This is embodied by the COVID-19 syndemic concept, i.e., the biological, economic, and social interactions between non-communicable diseases and COVID-19 increase a person's susceptibility to infection and worse health outcomes. Here, we explored the relationship among the SE position and the risk of Sars-CoV-2 infection and disease severity in Tuscany and Apulia, two Italian regions, during the 1st(Feb-Jun2020) and 2nd(Sep-Dec2020) epidemic waves.

Methods
We included all individuals tested (only for Apulia) and/or resulted positive for SARS-CoV2(for Tuscany and Apulia) and reported to regional surveillance system. We linked surveillance data with the deprivation index (DI)(1-5 scale; DI = 5 highest deprivation) of the area of living. We calculated the relative risk (RR) of acquiring Sars-CoV-2, COVID-19-related hospitalization, and death of deprived individuals compared with people in the highest SEP-we adjusted for gender and age.

Results
A total of 159507 (82897 F; 76610 M) individuals with prior or current Sars-CoV-2 infection were included in our study, 71320 from Apulia and 88187 from Tuscany. For people aged over 30, and with a DI &gt; 2, the RR of acquiring the infection increased for individuals with higher DI. The RR of being hospitalized and of death, were significantly higher for people over 30 with DI = 5. In Apulia, test positivity rate was comparable across all population groups during the 1stwave, while it increased among individuals with higher DI during the 2ndwave.

Conclusions
According to our results, SE disadvantage is associated with an increased risk of acquiring Sars-CoV-2, and to suffer from severe outcomes when infected. Based on available data, diagnostic test access was more equitable during 1stepidemic wave. This study calls for targeted health policies and actions to protect those with the greatest SE vulnerability.

Key messages
Available Italian data, indicate that higher socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with an increased risk of acquiring Sars-CoV-2, and to suffer from severe outcomes when infected. Our study highlights the importance of adopting targeted health policies and action to protect those with the greatest socioeconomic vulnerability and enhance equity.
A green sustainable architectural model for the suburbs
Authors: Grossi G , Garzonio F , Vozzella EA , Scotti G , Iodice L , Scamardo MS , Sanso C , Buondonno E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Goal 11 &lt;&lt;make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable &gt;&gt; is crucial in the increasing Europe urbanization context. By altering cities and the surrounding countryside, urban growth is having several consequences on ecosystem and human health. The urban density alludes to the idea of the cities as a ‘sick bodies', now reemerging because of the recent climatic and health crises. This concept should be contrasted with the idea of the ‘city as a cure', that can limit the consumption of soil and energy, reducing our ecological burden on the environment. Recently, in Europe many urban development projects have been implemented according to sustainability principles as the Eindhoven demonstration case where, a central square was transformed into a small green oasis. Reforesting, even at the cost of demolishing to create large avenues for green area, is essential for air quality and for intervening on the climate. To intervene on abandoned urban canals by creating new waterways may redevelop entire areas and affect traffic and temperature. To contain the negative impact of the built space on the environment is in fact aimed at increasing the green space. However, recent studies demonstrate the criticalities of the fragmentation of landscapeto analyze the link between urban form and landscape heterogeneity to establish renewed relationships between the forms of architecture and the natural void and to devise urban projects to control building density and population. In particular, to develop models for redeveloping the suburbs by building new urban parts from scratch, with a view to urban polycentrism. The recomposition of ecological corridors and of the municipal, provincial and regional environmental network may connect to the great ‘green lungs' of natural parks and to areas with a high degree of naturalness in a progressive succession of habitats to mitigate ever new forms of overall mutations of natural and anthropised environments.
A tool to assess the registries quality: The Registry Evaluation and Quality Standards Tool (REQueST)
Authors: Guilhaume C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The use of registries is increasingly common in HTA as interest grows in the use of observational data to complement trial data and optimize access to new technologies. Registry data quality has been criticized, leading to reluctance to embed their use in HTA. During EUnetHTA Joint Action 3 the HTA network has produced a draft standard tool to assess registry quality.

Methods
The development phase included: analysis of the current use of registry data by HTA bodies (HTAb), HTAb consultation on the first draft of the tool, HTAb and stakeholder consultation on the second draftl, tool testing by three HTAb. Finally, the near-final version was submitted for public consultation. The feedback helped prepare the final version of the tool, available at https://eunethta.eu/request-tool-and-its-vision-paper/.

Results
The standards in REQueST are universal and essential elements of good practice and evidence quality that are relevant and applicable to different registry types. It includes three sections: 8 ‘methodological' items relating to suitability of the registry for a specific purpose; 13 ‘essential standards' relevant to any registry for HTA and 3 additional considerations for specific purposes. REQueST builds upon existing guidance and provides a means to adopt and implement best practice. It can be used by both evidence developers to assess the quality of their registry and HTA bodies and Regulators when considering whether to use them. EUnetHTA partners are encouraged to use the tool in all joint activities in which registry quality is to be defined or assessed. Moreover, EUnetHTA partners can use the tool on individual basis when assessing the quality of registries for HTA purposes. Since its publication REQueST has been used in two EUnetHTA registry qualifications and several national HTA activities related to Post Launch Evidence Generation (PLEG). Some of the national PLEG activities reported very positive feedback on the tool from registry holders.
The Bergen Declaration 2018: Did it drive the Migration Health Agenda forward in Norway?
Authors: Kumar B , Nordstrom C , Diaz E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The growing body of migrant health research at all levels focuses around disease burden, risk factors/behaviours and on distal factors but research on policy issues remains limited. Internationally published declarations and recommendations to take the migrant health agenda forward address policy issues. However declarations at country are few and not systematically followed up.
The Bergen Declaration was endorsed at Norway's' First National Conference on Migration Health (2018) by the multi-disciplinary participants. The declaration reflects the ‘upstream' and ‘downstream' areas addressed and discussed at the conference and includes concrete recommendations for key areas. It was widely disseminated, including high-level policy makers. Prior to the second Migration Health Conference (2020), the progress of the recommendations were reviewed. Since 2018, Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) in Norway from 2015 was updated in 2019 and a Country Assessment as part of the WP7 of Joint Action on Health Equity Europe (JAHEE) was conducted providing the basis to review the recommendations of the Bergen Declaration. In addition, the 2020 Committee conducted a desk review and search to follow up the recommendations. The review revealed that among identified ‘upstream' areas most progress had been made with data collection and research and the least in policy and governance. Among the ‘downstream' areas some progress was observed regarding practise and access to health services. Education and Training had received some attention. The Bergen Declaration reflects the consensus regarding migrant health and recommendations to address these issues in Norway. Monitoring the progress made through data that included policy review revealed progress and gaps. Progress in research, education and practise was evident whereas policy change was not. Policy makers have not paid heed to the Bergen Declaration.

Key messages
The Bergen Declaration was a useful tool for initiating and monitoring progress in research, education and practice. Declarations do not support advancement of policies and other means are required to push the policies forward.
Informing policy on school and daycare operations during COVID-19 with a living rapid evidence review
Authors: Siqueira IF , Clark E , Neil-Sztramko SE , Belita E , Dobbins M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
To support evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) for safe re-opening and operation of schools and daycares, the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) has maintained since May 2020 a living rapid review answering the following question: “What is the role of schools and daycares in COVID-19 transmission”. Traditional rapid review methodology was modified for the COVID-19 context. This presentation will describe the global reach and usefulness of this living rapid review.

Methods
Following completion of each update of the living rapid review, findings were disseminated broadly with the aim of informing policy and public health practice. Key dissemination strategies include e-mails to key contacts and a subscriber list; highlight in a monthly newsletter; media outreach; and social media. The review's reach was analyzed using Google Analytics, citation tracking, and qualitative feedback.

Results
Between May 2020 and April 2021, the living review has been updated 14 times. The posted review has been viewed over 5000 times across 46 countries. The review has been cited and indexed in over 40 sources, including key governmental and non-governmental reports and guidelines. The NCCMT has received positive qualitative feedback on the review's value in informing the public health response related to schools and daycares in various jurisdictions across Canada. Key stakeholders have expanded the review's reach organically as they use the evidence in practice and share the review with their networks.

Lessons
Using a living rapid review to continuously provide high-quality synthesized evidence amidst the evolving COVID-19 research literature demonstrates a responsive approach to decision makers' requests for evidence. An emerging challenge is reaching the proper stakeholders responsible for EIDM, particularly during public health emergencies with many competing high-priority questions and decisions to be made.

Key messages
As the evidence landscape changes due to a surge in literature, evidence-informed decision making can be supported by rapid but rigorous syntheses that evaluate quality and emerging recommendations. A long-standing, trusting relationship with decision makers is key to optimizing living rapid review methodology to meet the evidence needs of decision makers despite the changing literature.
How are the causes of gambling harm conceptualised by people who gamble?
Authors: Marko S , Thomas S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Messages to prevent gambling harm traditionally focused on individualised responsibility which stigmatise those who experience harm. Shifts have occurred among researchers, advocates, and some governments towards public health approaches which recognise broader determinants of harm. This includes the social practices of gambling and the tactics used by the industry to increase profits. This exploratory study aimed to identify how people who gamble conceptualise the causes of gambling harm.

Methods
A qualitatively led online panel survey was conducted via Qualtrics. A sample of 427 adults in two Australian states who gamble using electronic gambling machines or sports betting in a typical month provided text responses to the question “What do you think causes gambling harm?”. A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted.

Results
The vast majority of participants viewed gambling harm as being an issue of personal responsibility or addiction, with some making moral judgements about those who experience harm. Only a small portion of participants recognised the broader determinants beyond the individual that produce harm.

Conclusions
Gambling is still viewed by people who gamble as an issue of individual behaviour and addiction among a stigmatised sub-group of gamblers. The broader determinants of harm were generally not identified as causes of harm. This suggests the shift towards public health understandings of harm has not extended to the public. There are discrepancies between how the general public understands gambling harm and how it has been conceptualised by experts. Public health messages need to be reconsidered so they are relevant to and understood by the general community. Strategies to shift public understandings of harm also need to be identified.

Key messages
People who gamble understand gambling harm differently to how it has been conceptualised by experts. This has implications for how harm should be communicated in public health strategies. This study demonstrates the benefits of collecting qualitative data through online surveys.
What makes life enjoyable at an older age? Daily activities and satisfaction with life in general
Authors: Jarosz E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study uses a broad range of activities to examine how the type of activity, its social context, associated stress, importance, and the level of effort required are linked with activity enjoyment. Using aggregated data from all activities, it analyses the association between the experiential wellbeing of individuals and their satisfaction with life in general.

Methods
The dataset included 1809 activities, reported by 200 non-institutionalised adults, aged 65 and above, living in Poland. Activity data were collected using the experience sampling method. Multilevel mixed effects models examined what makes an activity enjoyable for older adults. Linear regression models examined the relationship between aggregated subjective activity characteristics and satisfaction with life in general.

Results
The most enjoyable activities were religious practice, childcare, and socialising. Enjoyment was positively associated with perceived activity importance, inversely associated with stress, and formed a U-shaped association with effort. On the aggregated level, a higher mean enjoyment predicted a higher satisfaction with life in general, whereas the opposite was the case for the mean importance. However, having greater variance in importance was associated with higher satisfaction with life.

Conclusions
Enjoyable daily activities may boost the global wellbeing of older adults. Balancing high-effort and low-effort activities may provide additional benefits. This study points to new directions for research and shows that activities rarely studied in the existing literature have significant effects on the wellbeing of older adults.

Key messages
Some activities having significant effects on the wellbeing of older adults have not received sufficient research attention. Balancing low-effort and high-effort activities and prioritizing enjoyable activities seems to boost evaluative wellbeing.
Heat waves effect on daily mortality in districts in Madrid: The effect of sociodemographic factors
Authors: López-Bueno JA , Díaz J , Sáchez-Guevara C , Sánchez-Martínez G , Franco M , Gullón P , Núñez-Peiró M , Linares C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Although there is significant scientific evidence on the impact of heat waves, there are few studies that analyze the effects of sociodemographic factors on the impact of heat waves below the municipal level.

Methods
The objective of this study was to analyze the role of income level, percent of the population over age 65, existence of air conditioning units and hectares (Ha) of green zones in districts in Madrid, in the impact of heat on daily mortality between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2013. Seventeen districts were analyzed, and Generalized Linear (GLM) Poisson Regression Models were used to calculate relative risks (RR) and attributable risks (RA) for the impact of heat waves on mortality due to natural causes (CIEX:A00-R99). The pattern of risks obtained was analyzed using GLM univariates and multivariates of the binomial family (link logit), introducing the socioeconomic and demographic variables mentioned above.

Results
The results indicate that heat wave had an impact in only three of the districts analyzed. In the univariate models, all of the variables were statistically significant, but Ha of green zones lost significance in the multivariate model. Income level, existence of air conditioning units, and percent of the population over age 65 in the district remained as variables that modulate the impact of heat wave on daily mortality in the municipality of Madrid. Income level was the key variable that explained this behavior.

Conclusions
The results obtained in this study show that there are factors below the municipal level (district level) that should be considered as focus areas for health policy in order to decrease the impact of heat and promote the process of adaptation to heat in the context of climate change.

Key messages
There are factors below the municipal level which should be considered for health policy in order to decrease health heat impacts. Privation hamper isolation of ageing people from extreme outdoor temperatures. Therefore, in some cases poverty could become the key risk factor that explain the vulnerability to heat waves.