bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of surgery plus chemoradiotherapy on survival of elderly patients with stage Ⅱ–Ⅲ esophageal cancer: a SEER‐based demographic analysis
Authors: Lv Hao , Chao Ce , Wang Bin , Wang Zhigang , Qian Yongxiang , Zhang Xiaoying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal treatment for elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC) remains controversial. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether elderly patients with stage II–III EC could benefit from trimodal therapy.MethodsThe selected elderly patients with stage II–III EC between 2004 and 2015 were included in a retrospective cohort study from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they underwent surgery. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was used to balance the confounding factors between the two groups. The Cox regression analysis, the log‐rank test, and the Kaplan–Meier curves were conducted to identify the survival benefits of different treatment regimes.ResultsA total of 1596 patients were included in this cohort study, in which 278 patients underwent surgery. In the combination of chemoradiotherapy and surgery group, there were more male patients, more patients aged between 75 and 79 years, and more married patients in the surgery group. Moreover, there were more patients with adenomatous carcinoma, more patients with a tumor size of less than 5 cm, and more patients with a T3 stage in the combination group. In the survival analysis, patients in the combination group had a longer overall survival (OS) and EC‐specific survival (ECSS). After IPTW analysis, the survival analysis generated similar results. The competitive risk model found that our results were stable. There was still a significant difference in OS and ECSS between the combination group and chemoradiotherapy alone group for esophageal adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001).ConclusionsElderly patients with stage II–III EC, especially those with adenocarcinoma, could benefit from the combination of surgery and chemoradiotherapy.
Incidence and survival of childhood central nervous system tumors in Denmark, 1997–2019
Authors: Helligsoe Anne Sophie Lind , Kenborg Line , Henriksen Louise Tram , Udupi Aparna , Hasle Henrik , Winther Jeanette Falck 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIncidence rates in Denmark of central nervous system (CNS) tumors remain among the highest in the world. Survival rates, however, have improved in the past decades in high‐income countries.MethodsWe analyzed incidence and survival of childhood CNS tumors in Denmark diagnosed from 1997 to 2019 based on data from the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry and information on histological types, tumor localization, and treatment from medical records.ResultsFrom 1997 to 2019, 949 children<15 years were diagnosed with a CNS tumor. Age‐standardized incidence was 42.1 (95% CI, 39.4–44.6) per million person‐years and stable during this period. Age‐specific incidence for children aged 0–4 years was 47.7 per million. More than one‐third (n = 374, 39.4%) were treated with surgery alone. Overall survival rates 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were 77.6% (95% CI, 74.7–80.2) and 74.7% (95% CI, 71.7–77.5). Five‐year overall survival improved from 73.0% (95% CI, 68.9–76.7) in 1997–2008 to 83.2% (95% CI, 79.2–86.4) in 2009–2019 (p‐value < 0.0001) in children aged 0–4 years (p = 0.0006).ConclusionIncidence rates are stable but remain among the highest in the world. Despite improved survival rates in recent years in younger children, some subtypes still have a poor prognosis.
Fibroadenoma in a young male breast: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Morikawa Hiroki , Nobuoka Megumi , Amitani Masatsugu , Shimizu Tadafumi , Ohno Koichi , Ono Mayu , Oba Takaaki , Ito Tokiko , Kanai Toshiharu , Maeno Kazuma , Uehara Takeshi , Ito Ken‐ichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFibroadenomas are the most common benign breast tumors in women, but rarely occur in men. Herein, we present a case of fibroadenoma occurring in a young, healthy male without hormonal alterations. This indicates that fibroadenoma should be regarded as differential diagnosis for tumors in the male breast.
Subcutaneous edema as rare complication of abdominal paracentesis
Authors: Otsuka Yuki , Nagaoka Hirokazu , Nakano Yasuhiro , Sakae Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Kou , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough ascites leakage to the skin is the most frequent complication after abdominal paracentesis, leakage to the subcutaneous space has not been reported. Here, we report a subcutaneous effusion after paracentesis suggesting ascites leakage. We should be aware of this rare complication due to the potential risk of dissemination.
The first Tunisian case of postorgasmic illness syndrome: A case report
Authors: Hamdi Ghada , Ben Ammar Hanen , Charaa Oumaima , Brahmi Lina , Maamri Amira , Zalila Haifa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPostorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS) is a rare and singular syndrome. About fifty cases have been reported in the medical literature. Through a clinical observation, we illustrate the first case diagnosed in Tunisia and the difficulties in the etiological diagnosis and the therapeutic management of this syndrome. Given the shortage of cases reported in the literature, the syndrome of POIS remains poorly identified and subsequently misdiagnosed. The clinical diagnosis is relatively simple, yet etiological and therapeutic questions remain to overcome.
TADF‐Sensitized Fluorescent Enantiomers: A New Strategy for High‐Efficiency Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence**
Authors: Li Meng , Chen Chuan‐Feng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA promising strategy of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitized circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has been proposed for improving the electroluminescence efficiencies of circularly polarized fluorescent emitters. Compared with chiral TADF emitters which suffer from the dilemma of small ΔEST accompanied by small kr, the TADF‐sensitized CPL (TSCP) strategy using TADF molecules as sensitizers and CP‐FL molecules as emitters might be the most promising method to construct high‐performance circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs). Consequently, by taking advantage of the theoretically 100 % exciton utilization of TADF sensitizers, especially, by designing CP‐FL emitters with high PLQY, narrow FWHM and large glum values, TSCP‐type CP‐OLEDs with excellent overall performances can be realized.
Left atrial appendage size is a marker of atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Simon Judit , El Mahdiui Mohammed , Smit Jeff M. , Száraz Lili , van Rosendael Alexander R. , Herczeg Szilvia , Zsarnóczay Emese , Nagy Anikó Ilona , Kolossváry Márton , Szilveszter Bálint , Szegedi Nándor , Nagy Klaudia Vivien , Tahin Tamás , Gellér László , van der Geest Rob J. , Bax Jeroen J. , Maurovich‐Horvat Pál , Merkely Béla 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere are no consistently confirmed predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation. Therefore, we aimed to study whether left atrial appendage volume (LAAV) and function influence the long‐term recurrence of AF after catheter ablation, depending on AF type.MethodsAF patients who underwent point‐by‐point radiofrequency catheter ablation after cardiac computed tomography (CT) were included in this analysis. LAAV and LAA orifice area were measured by CT. Uni‐ and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed to determine the predictors of AF recurrence.ResultsIn total, 561 AF patients (61.9 ± 10.2 years, 34.9% females) were included in the study. Recurrence of AF was detected in 40.8% of the cases (34.6% in patients with paroxysmal and 53.5% in those with persistent AF) with a median recurrence‐free time of 22.7 (9.3–43.1) months. Patients with persistent AF had significantly higher body surface area‐indexed LAV, LAAV, and LAA orifice area and lower LAA flow velocity, than those with paroxysmal AF. After adjustment left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% (HR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.38–3.43; p < .001) and LAAV (HR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01–1.12; p = .029) were independently associated with AF recurrence in persistent AF, while no independent predictors could be identified in paroxysmal AF.ConclusionThe current study demonstrates that beyond left ventricular systolic dysfunction, LAA enlargement is associated with higher rate of AF recurrence after catheter ablation in persistent AF, but not in patients with paroxysmal AF.
Operando XAFS on Hydrated Calcium Vanadium Bronze Cathode for Aqueous Zn‐ion Storage
Authors: Patridge Christopher J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMultivalent ion storage and aqueous electrochemical systems continue to build interest for energy application. The Zn‐ion system with 2 electron transfer and an ideal metal anode is a strong candidate but is still at the early stage of development. Using both in situ near‐edge (XANES) and X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, EXAFS, a nanostructured cathode material, CaxV2O5‐H2O (CVO), was probed at the V‐K absorption edge. This operando study reveals the local electronic and geometric structure changes for CVO during galvanostatic cycling as the active material in an aqueous Zn‐ion cell. The XANES data provides a fine resolution to track the evolution of the vanadium oxidative state and near‐neighbor coordination sphere showing subtle shifts and delocalized charge. The Zn‐ion influence on the V‐K absorption edge is visualized using a difference technique called Δμ. Coupled with theoretical calculations and modelling, the extended region extracted local bonding information further confirms excellent electronic and structural reversibility of this vanadium oxide bronze in an aqueous Zn‐ion electrochemical cell.
A DFT Study on the Binuclear Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis Mechanism of 1,2,3‐Triazolo[1,5‐c]Pyrimidine via Interrupted Click and Ketenimine Rearrangement
Authors: Zhou Zhaoman , Yue Qianqian , Zhao Yanying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the mechanism of the full catalytic cycle for binuclear Cu(I)‐catalyzed sulfonyl azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction for the synthesis of triazolopyrimidines was rationalized by density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations. The computed reaction route consists of: (a) formation of dicopper intermediates, including C−H activation of terminal alkyne, 3+2 ring cycloaddition and ring‐reducing reaction and transmetalation, (b) interrupted CuAAC reaction, including di‐copper catalyzed ring‐opening of 2H‐azirines and C−C bond formation to generate the copper‐triazoles and ‐ketenimines, (c) two‐step C−N cross‐coupling and following (d) multi‐step hydrogen transfer by the hydrogen bonding chain of water to promote the C−N formation and another C−N cleavage through the removal of p‐tolyl sulfonamides. Our DFT results indicate that the multi‐step hydrogen transfer process is the rate‐determining step along the potential energy surface profile. The explicit water model was used for systematic determination of barrier for C−C cross‐coupling, C−N bond formation and cleavage, and p‐tolylsulfonamide removal. A critical insight in the interrupted CuAAC reaction was proposed. Further prediction interprets H2O hydrogen bond chain plays an important role in C−N bond formation and cleavage, and the removal of p‐tolylsulfonamide. This may have fundamental guidance on the design of 1, 5‐herterocyclic functionalized triazolopyrimidines via interrupted CuAAC rearrangement reaction, as well as hydrogen bond chain of water.
Increased adoption of best practices in ecological forecasting enables comparisons of forecastability
Authors: Lewis Abigail S. L. , Woelmer Whitney M. , Wander Heather L. , Howard Dexter W. , Smith John W. , McClure Ryan P. , Lofton Mary E. , Hammond Nicholas W. , Corrigan Rachel S. , Thomas R. Quinn , Carey Cayelan C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNear‐term iterative forecasting is a powerful tool for ecological decision support and has the potential to transform our understanding of ecological predictability. However, to this point, there has been no cross‐ecosystem analysis of near‐term ecological forecasts, making it difficult to synthesize diverse research efforts and prioritize future developments for this emerging field. In this study, we analyzed 178 near‐term (≤10‐yr forecast horizon) ecological forecasting papers to understand the development and current state of near‐term ecological forecasting literature and to compare forecast accuracy across scales and variables. Our results indicated that near‐term ecological forecasting is widespread and growing: forecasts have been produced for sites on all seven continents and the rate of forecast publication is increasing over time. As forecast production has accelerated, some best practices have been proposed and application of these best practices is increasing. In particular, data publication, forecast archiving, and workflow automation have all increased significantly over time. However, adoption of proposed best practices remains low overall: for example, despite the fact that uncertainty is often cited as an essential component of an ecological forecast, only 45% of papers included uncertainty in their forecast outputs. As the use of these proposed best practices increases, near‐term ecological forecasting has the potential to make significant contributions to our understanding of forecastability across scales and variables. In this study, we found that forecastability (defined here as realized forecast accuracy) decreased in predictable patterns over 1–7 d forecast horizons. Variables that were closely related (i.e., chlorophyll and phytoplankton) displayed very similar trends in forecastability, while more distantly related variables (i.e., pollen and evapotranspiration) exhibited significantly different patterns. Increasing use of proposed best practices in ecological forecasting will allow us to examine the forecastability of additional variables and timescales in the future, providing a robust analysis of the fundamental predictability of ecological variables.
Natural history predicts patterns of thermal vulnerability in amphibians from the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil
Authors: Carilo Filho Leildo M. , de Carvalho Bruno T. , Azevedo Bruna K. A. , Gutiérrez‐Pesquera Luis M. , Mira‐Mendes Caio V. , Solé Mirco , Orrico Victor G. D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (AF), amphibians (625 species) face habitat degradation leading to stressful thermal conditions that constrain animal activity (e.g., foraging and reproduction). Data on thermal ecology for these species are still scarce. We tested the hypothesis that environmental occupation affects the thermal tolerance of amphibian species more than their phylogenetic relationships. We evaluated patterns of thermal tolerance of 47 amphibian species by assessing critical thermal maxima and warming tolerances, relating these variables with ecological covariates (e.g., adult macro‐ and microhabitat and site of larval development). We used mean and maximum environmental temperature, ecological covariates, and morphological measurements in the phylogenetic generalized least squares model selection to evaluate which traits better predict thermal tolerance. We did not recover phylogenetic signal under a Brownian model; our results point to a strong association between critical thermal maxima and habitat and development site. Forest species were less tolerant to warm temperatures than open area or generalist species. Species with larvae that develop in lentic environment were more tolerant than those in lotic ones. Thus, species inhabiting forest microclimates are more vulnerable to the synergistic effect of habitat loss and climate change. We use radar charts as a quick evaluation tool for thermal risk diagnoses using aspects of natural history as axes.
Insects and their Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota, Fungi) of Lake Eustis and Emeralda Marsh Conservation Area: A case study on urbanization and diversity
Authors: Kaishian Patricia J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA rapid biodiversity assessment of insects and associated Laboulbeniales fungi was conducted over the course of five nights in August, 2018, at two central Florida lakes: Lake Eustis and the nearby protected and restored National Natural Landmark, Emeralda Marsh Conservation Area (EMCA), which encompasses a portion of Lake Griffin. Lake Eustis was surveyed for Laboulbeniales in 1897 by mycologist Dr. Roland Thaxter but has not since been investigated. Because Lake Eustis has been urbanized, with the lake perimeter almost entirely altered by human development, the site offers a look into Laboulbeniales diversity across a 121‐year timeline, before and after human development. By surveying Lake Eustis and EMCA, a modern case study comparison of Laboulbeniales and insect diversity between a developed and a protected and restored system is made. A total of 4022 insects were collected during the rapid assessment. Overall, insect abundance was greater at EMCA, with 3001 insects collected, than 1021 insects collected from Eustis. Although family‐level insect richness was comparable between sites, with 55 families present at EMCA and 56 at Eustis, 529 out of 3001 (17.6%) of the insects collected at EMCA were hosts to parasitic Laboulbeniales fungi, whereas only 2 out of 1021 (0.19%) collected from Eustis were infected. A total of 16 species of Laboulbeniales found at EMCA compared with only one at Eustis. The current number of Laboulbeniales species documented at Eustis was incredibly depauperate compared with the 26 species and two varieties recorded by Thaxter in 1897. These findings suggest the possibility of utilizing Laboulbeniales as indicators of ecosystem health, and future research should investigate this question further. A figure displaying host–parasite records and a species list of Laboulbeniales are presented. Finally, updated occurrence records for species of Ceratomyces and Hydrophilomyces are provided.
Regionalized dynamic climate series for ecological climate impact research in modern controlled environment facilities
Authors: Jákli Bálint , Meier Roman , Gelhardt Ulrike , Bliss Margaret , Grünhage Ludger , Baumgarten Manuela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractModern controlled environment facilities (CEFs) enable the simulation of dynamic microclimates in controlled ecological experiments through their technical ability to precisely control multiple environmental parameters. However, few CEF studies exploit the technical possibilities of their facilities, as climate change treatments are frequently applied by static manipulation of an inadequate number of climate change drivers, ignoring intra‐annual variability and covariation of multiple meteorological variables. We present a method for generating regionalized climate series in high temporal resolution that was developed to force the TUMmesa Model EcoSystem Analyzer with dynamic climate simulations. The climate series represent annual cycles for a reference period (1987–2016) and the climate change scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 (2071–2100) regionalized for a climate station situated in a forested region of the German Spessart mountains. Based on the EURO‐CORDEX and ReKliEs‐DE model ensembles, typical annual courses of daily resolved climatologies for the reference period and the RCP scenarios were calculated from multimodel means of temperature (ta), relative humidity (rh), global radiation (Rg), air pressure (P), and ground‐level ozone and complemented by CO2. To account for intra‐annual variation and the covariability of multiple climate variables, daily values were substituted by hourly resolved data resampled from the historical record. The resulting present climate Test Reference Year (TRY) well represented a possible annual cycle within the reference period, and expected shifts in future mean values (e.g., higher ta) were reproduced within the RCP TRYs. The TRYs were executed in eight climate chambers of the TUMmesa facility and—accounting for the technical boundaries of the facility—reproduced with high precision. Especially, as an alternative to CEF simulations that reproduce mere day/night cycles and static manipulations of climate change drivers, the method presented here proved well suited for simulating regionalized and highly dynamic annual cycles for ecological CEF studies.
Wax‐Based Oleogels—Properties in Medium Chain Triglycerides and Canola Oil
Authors: Wettlaufer Till , Brykczynski Henriette , Flöter Eckhard 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe non‐triglyceride structuring of liquid oils, so‐called oleogelation, enables new and more beneficial product designs. Natural waxes have proven to be excellent oleogelators due to their wide availability and low inclusion levels. However, waxes vary greatly in their compositions and contain different proportions of major components: wax esters (WE), fatty acids (FA), fatty alcohols (FaOH), and hydrocarbons (HC). In this study six waxes (bees (BW)‐, sunflower (SFW)‐, ricebran(RBW), carnauba (CRW)‐, candelilla (CLW)‐, and sugarcane wax(SCW)) are selected to develop a pairwise assessment regarding the major components. Commercial canola oil, rich in minor and polar components, and medium‐chain triglycerides (MCT), as a “clean” saturated solvent, are used to elucidate the effect of solvent type on the gel forming behavior of 10% w/w oleogels. The gels are analyzed rheologically, penetronomically, microscopycally, and by calorimetry. It can be shown that the solubility and presence of polar minor components are crucial factors in oleogelation.Practical applications: Useful areas of application can be found in products with high proportions of saturated and trans fatty acids, a high potential of substitution, and can for instance include bakery‐, meat‐, culinary‐ and confectionary products.
Postoperative depth of sedation and associated outcomes in free flap transfers to the head and neck
Authors: Laehn Spencer Joseph , LoGuidice John Anthony , Hettinger Patrick Christian , Rein Lisa Egner , Peppard William John 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the impact of postoperative depth of sedation in free flap transfers to the head and neck.MethodsA single center, retrospective cohort of 92 patients were stratified by depth of sedation, light sedation (RASS −1 or greater) or deep sedation (RASS less than −1), and analyzed for postoperative flap and medical complications.ResultsOf the 92 patients 45 were included in the light sedation and 47 in the deep sedation group. Flap complication requiring return to the operating room occurred in 8 (22.2%) patients in light sedation compared to 12 (27.7%) (p = 0.450) patients in deep sedation. A composite outcome of flap and medical complications occurred less frequently in the light sedation group 14 (31.8%) compared to deep sedation 32 (69.6%) (p < 0.001).ConclusionThere was no difference in return to the operating room between the two groups. Light sedation had reduced incidence of medical complications compared to deep.