bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)[μ-(4b,5,5a-η3:9b,10,10a-η3)-2,3,7,8-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-b]biphenylene]-syn-dicobalt (Co–Co), a Dinuclear π-Complex of the Linear [3]Phenylene Framework
Authors: Vollhardt K. Peter C. , Padilla Robin , Houk Kendall N. , Wong Jonathan J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe title compound was made by the reaction of the CpCo-complex of 2,3,7,8-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl) linear [3]phenylene, in which the metal coordinates one of the cyclobutadiene rings, with CpCo(C2H4)2. Because of its relative stability, a syn-dicobalt-bound configuration is indicated rather than its anti alternative.
Epoxyanthracene Derivatives and Dicarbonylation on Benzene Ring via Hexadehydro-Diels–Alder (HDDA) Derived Benzynes with Oxazoles
Authors: Yang Feihu , Zheng Xiaojie , Hu Qiong , Hu Yimin , Lei Yu , Zhu Wenjing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA capture reaction of hexadehydro-Diels–Alder (HDDA) derived benzyne with various substituted oxazoles is reported. With methyl, hydrogen, or phenyl as the substituent at 2-position of oxazole, tetraynes afforded epoxyanthracene derivatives or underwent dicarbonylation on benzene ring. The reaction does not require any catalyst or additive. The mechanism behind the reaction was investigated. The obtained polycyclic product structure has potential application value in optoelectronic materials. The availability of dicarbonylated arene implies the uniqueness of HDDA benzyne reaction compared with traditional benzyne.
Catastrophic Concomitant Arterial and Venous Thrombosis in a Mild COVID-19-Positive Patient
Authors: Nugraha Raka A. , Muliawan Hary S. , Nugroho Nyityasmono T. , Ikhsan Muhammad , Adiarto Suko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSince its first discovery in late 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global burden associated with significant morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 has been correlated with the development of hypercoagulable state that predisposes the patients to a higher risk of thromboembolism. Current evidence suggests higher incidence of thrombosis, particularly venous thrombosis, among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, mostly with critical illness. On the other hand, there is currently no data regarding the incidence of vivid thrombosis in ambulatory patients with mild COVID-19 and the incidence of concomitant arterial and venous thrombosis in COVID-19 is extremely rare. Herein, we describe catastrophic outcomes of concomitant lower limb arterial and venous thrombosis in a patient with mild COVID-19. This report highlights the occurrence of concomitant arterial and venous thrombosis in ambulatory setting and that this phenomenon resulted in catastrophic clinical consequences.
Is DISI Deformity Related to Presence of a Medial Lunate Facet in Patients with Scapholunate Dissociation?
Authors: Goeminne Sofie , Lemmens Laura , Degreef Ilse 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Lunate morphology has been suggested to influence carpal kinematics.
Purpose We investigate a possible relation between presence of a medial lunate facet and dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) of the wrist in patients with a scapholunate (SL) dissociation.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with SL dissociation between 2000 and 2017. Lunate morphology was categorized based on radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as type I or II according to Viegas and Galley. DISI was defined as radiolunate angle > 15 degrees and SL instability as SL angle > 60 degrees. SL distance > 3 mm was considered as widening and carpal height ratio < 0.5 was considered as carpal collapse. We used descriptive statistics to report on SL instability and DISI in patients with Viegas type I and type II lunates. We calculated kappa to determine agreement between radiographs and MRI and to determine inter- and intraobserver agreement.
Results Of 119 patient files, 79 wrists met the inclusion criteria of which 25 were type I lunates and 54 type II. Similar spreading of the data of both groups was found regarding DISI, SL instability, and SL widening based on radiographic classification of the lunate, even after adding MRI findings. In the presence of carpal collapse, capitate-to-triquetrum distance was higher. We found a substantial inter- and intraobserver agreement for lunate classification.
Conclusion Our results suggest a similar prevalence of DISI deformity or enlarged SL angle in patients with type I or II lunate in presence of SL dissociation. The Viegas classification is a reliable and reproducible classification system.
Level of evidence This is a Level III, cross-sectional study design.
A monolithic linear motion platform driven by a piezoelectric and fluidic pressure-fed dual mechanism
Authors: Chun Heebum , Kim Jungsub , Lee ChaBum , Kim Hyo-Young 
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a novel dual-mode motion mechanism capable of achieving nanopositioning on a monolithic linear motion platform. Unlike conventional dual-mode stages that use piezoelectric (PZT)- and electromagnetic-combined or similar actuation mechanisms comprising two separate motion axes, the dual-mode actuation was developed by combining a PZT for a coarse motion and a fluidic pressure-fed mechanism (FPFM) for a fine motion and was implemented in a monolithic flexure stage fabricated by metal additive manufacturing. The FPFM actuates the flexure stage by pressuring the media in the fluidic channels created inside the flexure spring structures. Experimental tests were performed to investigate the performance of the dual-mode linear motion platform. The stiffness, damping, and frequency response functions of the dual-mode stage were experimentally characterized. The proportional–integral–differential control combined with dual-mode control was employed to control the position of the flexure stage while bidirectionally controlling the flow of compressed air for a fine motion. The FPFM motion showed a good response to 1 nm stepwise input (every 10 psi), and it was implemented to provide up to ∼10 nm fine motion along with the PZT coarse motion (1 µm). The hysteresis characteristics of the FPFM were also characterized and compensated to track the positioning error.
Evaluation of high-dielectric pads for macaque brain imaging at 7 T
Authors: Zhao A. Jie , Liu B. Chunyi , Gao C. Yang , Quan D. Zhiyan , Xia E. Ling , Zhang F. Xiaotong 
Published: October 2021

A non-human primate is a valuable model for investigating the structure and function of the brain. Different from the human brain imaging using radio frequency (RF) head coils, in the present study, on a human whole-body 7 T magnetic resonance imaging system, we used an RF knee coil for monkey brain imaging in vivo due to the smaller size of the macaque’s brain compared to that of a human, and particularly, high-dielectric pads were also utilized in order to improve brain imaging performance. Our experimental results suggest that high-dielectric pads can effectively enhance the B1 field strength and receive sensitivity, leading to a higher flip-angle magnitude, an image signal-to-noise ratio, and tissue contrast, and in the meantime, we did not observe elevated receive array element coupling and receive noise amplification nor apparent magnetic susceptibility-induced artifact or distortion, showing that the pads do not introduce adverse RF interferences in macaque brain imaging at 7 T.
Field-theoretic density estimation for biological sequence space with applications to 5′ splice site diversity and aneuploidy in cancer
Authors: Chen Wei-Chia , Zhou Juannan , Sheltzer Jason M. , Kinney Justin B. , McCandlish David M. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Often in computational biology, our data take the form of a set of sequences: for example, a collection of nucleic acid sequences with a shared function. Given such a collection of sequences, how can we estimate the probability distribution that these sequences were drawn from? This problem is important both for identifying other sequences with similar function and because the structure of these probability distributions is often informative about the biophysical and evolutionary processes that generated the observed sequences. Here, we present a method for estimating such probability distributions that generalizes the popular maximum entropy approach. This method is capable of capturing fine details of the distribution in high-density regions where data are plentiful but still behaves conservatively in low-density regions.
Continuous measurements of volatile gases as detection of algae crop health
Authors: Sauer Jon S. , Simkovsky Ryan , Moore Alexia N. , Camarda Luis , Sherman Summer L. , Prather Kimberly A. , Pomeroy Robert S. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Wide adoption of algae cultivation to produce environmentally sustainable biofuels and fine chemicals is currently hampered by large losses (10 to 30%) incurred by grazer infections. We show the usage of real-time chemical ionization mass spectrometry to rapidly identify gaseous indicators of grazer infections in cyanobacteria cultures. Grazing was detected significantly faster (up to 3 d) using real-time mass spectrometry than the current methods of microscopy and qPCR. By employing this technology, cultivators may be empowered to treat grazer infestations sooner, thereby protecting the crop and enhancing profitability.
Recurrent rewiring of the adult hippocampal mossy fiber system by a single transcriptional regulator, Id2
Authors: Luo Wenshu , Egger Matteo , Domonkos Andor , Que Lin , Lukacsovich David , Cruz-Ochoa Natalia Andrea , Szőcs Szilárd , Seng Charlotte , Arszovszki Antónia , Sipos Eszter , Amrein Irmgard , Winterer Jochen , Lukacsovich Tamás , Szabadics János , Wolfer David P. , Varga Csaba , Földy Csaba 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Neurons have an exceptional capacity to grow axons and form synaptic circuits during development but not later life. In adults, the lack of circuit formation may support retention of skilled actions and memories but also limits regeneration and repair after injuries and in disorders. Research on developing and damaged neurons has revealed many molecules that help circuit formation and regeneration, and yet factors that could induce axon growth and synapse formation in adult brain neurons remain elusive. Here, we searched for such key molecules and find one that alone can induce complete circuit formation. After engineering a new circuit in adult mice, we also looked into its function and relevance for memories.
Neural mechanisms underlying the temporal control of sequential saccade planning in the frontal eye field
Authors: Basu Debaleena , Sendhilnathan Naveen , Murthy Aditya 
Published: October 2021

Significance
For accomplishing even the simplest of daily tasks, we execute rapid sequences of goal-directed saccadic eye movements that move from one task component to the next. Yet how the brain orchestrates such saccade sequences is not known. Using a multifaceted approach, we used behavioral analysis, neural recordings, computational modeling, and simulations to show that while the brain can program multiple action plans simultaneously, there are neural costs involved—the greater the overlap between the plans, the slower is the growth of neural activities encoding the two plans, leading to delayed response times. Our study sets up a neurophysiological framework to study action sequencing and is relevant for understanding sequencing errors observed in disorders like Parkinson’s disease.
Assessing spoken-language interpreting
Authors: Han Chao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, we applied and evaluated a scoring method known as comparative judgement to assess spoken-language interpreting. This methodological exploration represents an extension of previous efforts to optimise scoring methods for assessing interpreting. Essentially, comparative judgement requires judges to compare two similar objects and make a binary decision about their relative qualities. To evaluate its reliability, validity and usefulness in the assessment of interpreting, we recruited two groups of judges (novice and experienced) to assess 66 two-way English/Chinese interpretations based on a computerised comparative judgement system. Our data analysis shows that the new method produced reliable and valid results across judge types and interpreting directions. However, the judges held polarised opinions about the method’s usefulness: while some considered it convenient, efficient and reliable, the opposite view was expressed by others. We discuss the results by providing an integrated analysis of the data collected, outline the perceived drawbacks and propose possible solutions to the drawbacks. We call for more evidence-based, substantive investigation into comparative judgement as a potentially useful method for assessing spoken-language interpreting in certain settings.
Measuring mesoscopic scales in complex fluids embedded with giant cylindrical micelles with diffusing wave spectroscopy micro-rheology
Authors: Tavera-Vázquez Antonio , Rincón-Londoño Natalia , López-Santiago Ricky F , Castillo Rolando 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This review paper presents a procedure for measuring the mesoscopic scales in micellar solutions embedded with giant cylindrical micelles using the mean square displacement determined with a quasi-elastic multiple light scattering method (diffusing wave spectroscopy) and theory. The mesoscopic scales of interest are the micelles’ total contour length, persistence and entanglement lengths, and the mesh size of the entangled micellar network. All of them depend on the physicochemical parameters of the solutions and determine the rheological behavior. We present an assessment of the whole procedure, the scattering experiments performance, the recovery of optical parameters, which includes dealing with the light absorption and its treatment, and how to develop the micro-rheology for obtaining the mesoscopic scales in these complex fluids.
Active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model for self-propelled particles with inertia
Authors: Nguyen G H Philipp , Wittmann René , Löwen Hartmut 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Self-propelled particles, which convert energy into mechanical motion, exhibit inertia if they have a macroscopic size or move inside a gaseous medium, in contrast to micron-sized overdamped particles immersed in a viscous fluid. Here we study an extension of the active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model, in which self-propulsion is described by colored noise, to access these inertial effects. We summarize and discuss analytical solutions of the particle’s mean-squared displacement and velocity autocorrelation function for several settings ranging from a free particle to various external influences, like a linear or harmonic potential and coupling to another particle via a harmonic spring. Taking into account the particular role of the initial particle velocity in a nonstationary setup, we observe all dynamical exponents between zero and four. After the typical inertial time, determined by the particle’s mass, the results inherently revert to the behavior of an overdamped particle with the exception of the harmonically confined systems, in which the overall displacement is enhanced by inertia. We further consider an underdamped model for an active particle with a time-dependent mass, which critically affects the displacement in the intermediate time-regime. Most strikingly, for a sufficiently large rate of mass accumulation, the particle’s motion is completely governed by inertial effects as it remains superdiffusive for all times.
The catalytic and ROS-scavenging activities of green synthesized, antiferromagnetic α-Fe2O3 nanoparticle with a prismatic octahedron morphology from pomegranate rind extract
Authors: Mundekkad Deepa , Kameshwari G V , Karchalkar Poojita , Koti Rajeshwari 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Phenolic compounds (like 4-nitrophenol) and dyes (like methyl orange) are common by-products discharged by many industries as wastes; they are toxic and may induce discomfort and irritation in humans when ingested. Most of these compounds can be made less toxic through catalytic degradation. Metal oxide nanoparticles are found to have high catalytic activity and can degrade toxic phenolic compounds and dyes. In the current study, pomegranate rind extract was used for the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles that exhibited an octahedron morphology revealed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis showed 47.96% content of Fe (by weight); high resolution-transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles had a particle size of 22.54 ± 4.13 nm. The particles were further characterized by x-ray diffraction, fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, and thermogravimetric analysis. The nanoparticle proved to be efficient in reducing 4-nitrophenol and methyl orange. It was also found to be non-toxic towards murine macrophages, RAW 264.7 with good ROS-scavenging potential compared to control.
The Expert Next Door: Interactions With Friends and Family During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Molino Andrea R , Andersen Kathleen M , Sawyer Simone B , Ðoàn Lan N , Rivera Yonaira M , James Bryan D , Fox Matthew P , Murray Eleanor J , D’Agostino McGowan Lucy , Jarrett Brooke A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic thrust the field of public health into the spotlight. For many epidemiologists, biostatisticians, and other public health professionals, this caused the professional aspects of our lives to collide with the personal, as friends and family reached out with concerns and questions. Learning how to navigate this space was new for many of us and required refining our communication style depending on context, setting, and audience. Some of us took to social media, utilizing our existing personal accounts to share information after sorting through and summarizing the rapidly emerging literature to keep loved ones safe. However, those in our lives sometimes asked unanswerable questions, or began distancing themselves when we suggested more stringent guidance than they had hoped for, causing additional stress during an already traumatic time. We often had to remind ourselves that we were also individuals experiencing this pandemic and that our time-intensive efforts were meaningful, relevant, and impactful. As this pandemic and other public health crises continue, we encourage members of our discipline to consider how we can best use shared lessons from this period and to recognize that our professional knowledge, when used in our personal lives, can promote, protect, and bolster confidence in public health.
Decluttering the problem list in electronic health records
Authors: Brown Austin R , McCoy Allison B , Wright Adam , Nelson Scott D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current state of problem list maintenance at an academic medical center.

Summary
We included problem list data for patients who had at least 2 face-to-face encounters at Vanderbilt University Medical Center or its clinics between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019. We used the frequency of problem list additions, resolutions, deletions, duplicate problems (exact and SNOMED CT duplicates), inconsistencies (contradicting stages of disease state), and items that could be documented elsewhere in the electronic health record as surrogate markers of problem list maintenance. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results. A total of 546,510 patients met inclusion criteria. There were 3,762 (0.7%) patients who had the exact same active problem listed more than once. SNOMED CT code duplications occurred in the records for 56,399 (10.5%) patients. Of the patients with asthma, 2.5% (223/8,779) had contradicting asthma stages active on their problem list, and 6.4% (950/14,950) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) had contradicting CKD stages. In addition, 17,205 (3.1%) patients had 20,365 active family history problems and 39,464 (7.2%) patients had an allergy documented on their problem list. On average, there were 43.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 14-73.4) additions, 8.7 (95% CI, 0.1-17.4) resolutions, and 2.1 (95% CI, 0-4.6) deletions of problems per 100 face-to-face encounters, inpatient or outpatient.

Conclusion
Our study suggests areas for improvement for problem list maintenance. Further studies into semantic duplication and clinical decision support tools to encourage problem list maintenance and deduplication are needed.
Tobacco Aphid Control on Flue-Cured Tobacco with Foliar Insecticides, 1996
Authors: Southern P. Sterling , Browne Micou M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Flue-cured tobacco was planted on the Casey farm in Johnston Co., NC on 3 May. Plots of 0.02 acre (4 rows X 57 ft) were separated laterally by a vacant 5th row and on each end by turn alleys of 16 ft. Treatments were established in a RCB design with 4 replications. Treatments were applied 21 Jun using a tractor mounted sprayer pressurized by a PTO-powered roller pump. Spray was delivered through 3 hollow-cone nozzles (TX-12) per row at 60 psi and 36.5 gpa. Treatments were applied between 9:30 am and 11:30 am EDT. Air temperature was 80-84° F and winds were light (3-5 mph). All plants (excluding the first and last) in rows 1 and 3 were checked for aphid infestation on the day of treatment and 5 and 12 DAT. Individual plants were rated for degree of aphid infestation as follows: 0 = no aphids on plant; 1 = 1-10 aphids on most infested leaf (MIL); 2 = 11-50 aphids MIL; 3 = 51-200 aphids MIL; 4 = 201-500 aphids MIL; 5 = 500+ aphids MIL. Average infestation ratings were calculated by plot. The proportion of plants infested (rated 3 or above) was also calculated. After harvest and curing, tobacco from each plot was weighed and graded by a government grader. Grades were converted to a quality index (1-100, 100 high). All variables were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means were compared (where appropriate) using the LSD t-test. Before analysis, the proportion of plants infested was transformed to the arcsine of the square root of the proportion. Data shown in the tables are not transformed and proportion of plants infested is presented as the percentage of plants infested.
The Effectiveness of Bf-Corn Hybrids for Control of European Corn Borer, 1997
Authors: Shaw J. T. , Steffey K. L. , Gray M. E. , Finger J. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Each plot consisted of four rows 30 inches wide by 30 ft long with 40 plants per row after thinning. A RCB design with six replications was utilized. There were 10-ft-wide alleys between replications. Two Pounce-treated plots were included as checks in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Manual infestations were made to 15 consecutive plants in each of the middle two rows of each 4-row plot. Manual ECB infestations to simulate the first generation were made on 11 Jul at the 6 corn leaf stage by applying two ECB egg masses (on wax paper) to the whorls of corn plants. Manual ECB infestations to simulate the second generation were made at corn anthesis on 14 Aug by applying one ECB egg mass per leaf axile above and below the ear node. Treatments to the two control plots were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV). On 17 July, Pounce 1.5 G at a rate of 10 lb product/acre was metered through Noble units mounted in brackets on the rear of the HCV for first generation ECB control. The Noble units were driven with electric motors, and the granules were applied over the whorls in a 7-inch band. The banders were similar to banders on conventional row-planters that are used to deliver soil insecticides. On 19 Aug, Pounce 3.2 EC at a rate of 0.15 lb (AI)/acre was applied with two 8003 TeeJet flat fan nozzles (one per row), in a band over the row, with a compressed-air system calibrated to deliver 9.7 gpa at 20 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph. The height of the nozzles above the whorls was 10 to 12 inches.