bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Characteristics of Hospitalized Influenza Patients: An Interim Analysis From the FluHeart Study
Authors: Skaarup Kristoffer Grundtvig , Davidovski Filip Soeskov , Durukan Emil , Modin Daniel , Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg , Dons Maria , Jensen Anne Marie Reimer , Johansen Niklas Dyrby , Sengeløv Morten , Vyff Frederikke , Landler Nino Emanuel , Jensen Gorm Boje , Nielsen Anne Bjerg , Christensen Jacob , Hauser Raphael , Schnohr Peter , Møgelvang Rasmus , Nielsen Lene , Jensen Jens‐Ulrik Stæhr , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundInfluenza infection has been associated with multiple cardiac complications including acute heart failure and myocardial infarction. The FluHeart study aims to uncover the potential effect of influenza infection on cardiac structure and function as assessed by echocardiography during hospitalization.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included hospitalized influenza patients of the 2021–2022 influenza season. Participants underwent echocardiography using a prespecified protocol. Participants were successfully matched 1:1:1 on age, sex, and heart failure status with controls from the general population and controls hospitalized with COVID‐19.ResultsThis interim analysis involved 108 participants (36 influenza patients, 36 general population controls, and 36 COVID‐19 patients). Mean age was 72 ± 18 years and 58% were male. Median time from admission to echocardiography was 1 day (IQI: 1:1) for influenza patients. The prevalence of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction was 75%, and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction was observed in 20% of influenza patients. N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide levels were elevated ≥ 300 pg/mL in 62%, and 19% exhibited myocardial injury with elevated high‐sensitivity troponin I levels. RV tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and LV early diastolic peak mitral inflow to early diastolic tissue velocity were significantly worse in influenza patients compared to general population controls. Echocardiographic measures did not significantly differ between patients hospitalized with influenza and COVID‐19.ConclusionIn this interim analysis of the FluHeart study, both RV and LV function measures were significantly impaired in hospitalized influenza patients compared with matched general population controls. The extent of impairment resembled that observed in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients.
Comparative Analysis of Influenza Epidemiology Before and After the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Argentina (2018–2019 vs. 2022–2023)
Authors: Gentile Angela , Juárez María del Valle , Ensinck Gabriela , Lopez Oscar , Melonari Pablo , Fernández Tatiana , Gioiosa Andrés , Lazarte Gustavo , Lobertti Silvina , Lucion María Florencia , Pejito Natalia , Racana Camila , López Leandro , Gregorio Gabriela 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic altered the epidemiology of respiratory viruses other than SARS‐CoV‐2. This study investigated the clinical‐epidemiological pattern of hospitalized pediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) and influenza in Argentina, comparing prepandemic and postpandemic periods.Materials and MethodsThis multicenter, cross‐sectional study included patients under 18 years old admitted for ALRIs in five tertiary centers of Argentina before (2018 and 2019) and after (2022 and 2023) COVID‐19. Changes in viral detection rates, seasonality, and case fatality rate (CFR), along with epidemiological and clinical characteristics, were analyzed. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) or RT‐PCR was used for virological diagnosis pre‐pandemic, and only RT‐PCR in post‐pandemic. Epi Info 7 and SPSS 15.0 was used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 5838 cases of ALRI were included (mean age: 9.5 months; IQR: 4–22 months); 96.6% were tested for viral detection, and 66.4% were positive (3877 cases). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most prevalent. Influenza showed typical winter seasonality in 2018, 2019, and 2023. However, 2022 exhibited a bimodal pattern: late summer and spring, with co‐circulation of influenza A and B in the second peak. CFR varied by viral diagnosis; influenza showed the highest CFR, all deaths related to influenza A. Among 354 influenza cases, 81% were < 5 years old, 53% were male, 63% had comorbidities, and 14.1% required intensive care. Mean of influenza vaccine coverage (6–24 months) was 21.4%. In both periods, patients with influenza were more likely to have pneumonia. Additionally, in the postpandemic period, malnourishment or being 3 years of age or older was also associated with a higher likelihood of influenza infection compared with infection with other respiratory viruses.ConclusionsInfluenza primarily affected children under 5 years old. Postpandemic cases involved older individuals, and increased circulation of influenza A H3N2 was observed. Vaccination coverage was notably low. Influenza returned to its usual seasonal pattern in 2023.
Analysis of Common Treatment Drugs and Allergen Sensitization in Hair Loss Patients
Authors: Feng Chengcheng , Wang Ying , Yang Dingquan , Shen Hui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHair loss significantly impacts an individual's appearance, self‐confidence, quality of life, and social competitiveness. Over 250 million people in China suffer from hair loss, accounting for 18% of the population. To ensure the safe selection of topical hair products for hair loss patients, reduce the risks of allergies and irritation, and improve clinical efficacy and adherence, we developed a hair patch test based on clinical needs.ObjectiveIn this study, we explored the allergic situation of hair diseases through the test of patch products, which provided a strong basis for clinical personalized treatment.MethodsWe designed a hair patch test to screen for allergens that are highly associated with hair diseases. The experiment is based on screening of haptens and drugs commonly encountered by hair and scalp, covering hair dyes, scalp care products, and therapeutic drugs. The research subjects are patients diagnosed with hair related diseases (such as androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, etc.), ensuring that the samples are targeted. The allergen patch is fixed on the surface of the skin, with a contact time of 48 h, followed by recording and evaluating local skin reactions within 72 h. The experiment aims to identify allergens that may cause or exacerbate hair diseases, providing a basis for the etiology research and treatment of related diseases.ResultsCommon allergens in daily hair care products include dodecyl polyglucoside (10.2% positivity rate) and Balsam of Peru (8.67% positivity rate). Cobalt chloride (56.63% positivity rate) and nickel sulfate (32.65% positivity rate) were prevalent metal semiallergens. The positive rates of 5% minoxidil liniment were 22.96%, and the positive rate of 5% minoxidil tincture was 27.04%, indicating significant sensitization potential. Lowering minoxidil liniment concentration to 2% reduced positivity to 4.08%. The positive rate of Hasonide solution mixed with 5% minoxidil tincture was 16.33%, while Hasinide solution and 5% minoxidil liniment were not positive, suggesting that the addition of both Hasonide solution could reduce the sensitization of 5% minoxidil tincture and minoxidil liniment.ConclusionThe increasing prevalence of hair disorders necessitates personalized treatment approaches. This study demonstrated the utility of patch testing with hair care products to investigate allergenic reactions, offering robust evidence for tailored clinical interventions. Future research should refine patch testing methodologies to better simulate real‐world conditions and conduct larger‐scale studies to optimize therapeutic strategies.
Genetic Admixture and Novel Host Shifts in a Parasitic Plant, Orobanche boninsimae (Orobanchaceae), Endemic to the Ogasawara Islands
Authors: Nishimura Akihiro , Takayama Koji 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTParasitic plants depend on other plants for nutrients and water and have undergone evolutionary processes tightly linked to their host range. As parasitic adaptations specialise host range, host shifts between parasite lineages are considered essential events that can lead to genetic differentiation and speciation. A thorough examination of population genealogy covering the entire host range is imperative to comprehend the impact of host‐shift evolution on parasitic plant species diversity. Therefore, we investigated the population genetic structure of Orobanche boninsimae (Orobanchaceae), an endemic parasitic plant in the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands. The host species of O. boninsimae are entirely distinct from those of other Orobanche species and show differences between geographically isolated islands, even though the host species coexist in some localities. Genetic differentiation was observed among populations from different islands, corresponding to variations in the host range of O. boninsimae. Demographic analysis supported a scenario in which populations on the southern island emerged through the admixture of populations parasitic on the different host species from the northern islands. This suggests a progressive colonisation process, wherein continental ancestors established in the northern islands underwent a host shift, followed by the migration of a lineage to the southern island. Notably, host shift across islands may have occurred through the admixture of populations. These findings provide a foundation for elucidating the roles of host plants and geographical isolation in the speciation of parasitic plants and enhance our understanding of the mechanisms driving parasitic plant diversification.
Out of Proportion: Israel's Paradox In China's Middle Eastern Policy
Authors: Shichor Yitzhak 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAfter Hamas's brutal October 7, 2023, attack on Israel, China appeared to side with the Islamists, as if its relationship with the Jewish state had deteriorated beyond repair. This was accompanied by an officially inspired wave of antisemitism and votes against Israel at the United Nations. Within a few months, however, the Chinese began to tone down their response and to repair what has become an important component in their Middle East policy. Israel was the first Middle Eastern government to recognize the People's Republic, though no diplomatic relations were established between the two until January 1992. The long delay was caused by Beijing's cultivation of ties with the Arab and Muslim worlds, which required enmity toward Israel. This had been expected to be a limited partnership. However, as this article shows, Israel has played a major role in China's regional strategy, somewhat in politics but much more in economic growth, defense modernization, technology, and innovation. In relative and, in some areas, absolute terms, Israel has proved to be as important to China as other regional states, and it has often won, implicitly and even explicitly, Beijing's appreciation—out of all proportion.
Brain structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging alterations in individuals with convergence insufficiency
Authors: Wang Yuxia , Huang Gantian , Wu Ye , Xiong Ling , Chen Yufei , Li Haoran , Long Fenghua , Li Qian , Sun Huaiqiang , Kemp Graham J. , Liu Longqian , Gong Qiyong , Li Fei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeIndividuals with convergence insufficiency (CI) encounter challenges in turning their eyes inward during near work. It is unclear how this relates to brain structural and functional alterations. This study aimed to explore the neural mechanism underlying CI using multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsThirty‐four CI participants and 35 healthy controls (HC) were recruited, who underwent visual examinations and brain MRI scanning. Structural MRI data were analysed to calculate cortical thickness, volume and surface area. Fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and seed‐based functional connectivity were obtained from resting‐state functional MRI data. The brain structural and functional metrics were compared between the two groups followed by correlation analyses between clinical measurements and significant brain features.ResultsRelative to HC, individuals with CI had lower grey matter volume (GMV) and surface area in the right frontal eye fields, parietal eye fields and left medial orbitofrontal cortex, higher GMV and surface area in the right middle frontal and inferior temporal gyri and higher fALFF of the left cerebellum and functional connection between bilateral cerebellums. GMV of the right middle frontal gyrus and fALFF in the left cerebellum were positively correlated with the near point of convergence in all participants.ConclusionsLower structural metrics in the visual and oculomotor cortices and higher functional activity in the cerebellum may underpin convergence dysfunction and visual fatigue, while higher structural metrics in the right middle frontal and inferior temporal gyri reflect partial compensation for the visual and oculomotor cortex defects, thereby maintaining attention and parallax information processing. This study may enhance understanding of the neural mechanism of CI by revealing the impact of abnormal visual experiences of CI on the brain with disassociated structural and functional alterations in the vergence system.
Anti‐Exceptionalism About Logic (Part II): Methodological Anti‐Exceptionalism About Logic
Authors: Martin Ben , Hjortland Ole Thomassen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAccording to anti‐exceptionalism about logic (AEL), logic is not as exceptional in terms of its subject matter and epistemology as has been conventionally thought. As such, AEL either outright rejects certain traditional properties of logic, such as its formality, apriority, or necessity, or rather proposes that while logic possesses these properties, it does so in a similar way to other research areas. In this second part of a two‐part entry on AEL, we focus on contemporary proposals for Methodological AEL, the view that the mechanisms of theory‐choice in logic are similar to those in the sciences. Firstly, we consider the various contemporary motivations for Methodological AEL and highlight how these motivations need not equally motivate Evidential AEL, the view that the sources of logical evidence are the same as the sources of evidence within the sciences. Secondly, we discuss the two most prominent versions of Methodological AEL in the literature, logical abductivism and predictivism, and end by briefly outlining some of the important challenges presently facing Methodological AEL.
The Impact of Basel III Implementation on Bank Lending in South Africa
Authors: Sibande Xolani , Milne Alistair 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of the Basel III capital requirement on the supply of bank credit in South Africa. The literature offers greatly varying estimates of the impact of bank capital requirements on loan supply. Using a specification closely modelled on a related study of Peru, we report panel regressions using monthly balance sheet data for the four biggest banks in South Africa. We distinguish between three different categories of bank lending for household and corporate borrowers and report complementary local projection estimates to capture dynamic impacts. We find little evidence that the introduction of higher capital requirements under Basel III has reduced the supply of bank credit in South Africa. We surmise that this is mainly due to the large banks being well capitalised and operating with capital buffers that are larger than regulatory minimum requirements.
Maduro's Machines Against Paper Coalitions: Party Digitalization and Narratives on Machine Voting in Bulgaria
Authors: Bankov Petar 
Published: February 2025

AbstractParty digitalisation has become an increasingly significant aspect of European parties' organisational work. The literature has explored the sources and effects of party digitalisation, but its influence on political processes remains understudied. This article fills this gap by investigating the contribution of party digitalisation to policy narratives on e‐voting. It focusses on the debates about the restoration of a dual voting method, combining paper ballots and machine voting, in Bulgaria in late 2022. In particular, it performs a narrative analysis on the policy narratives of the political parties represented in the Bulgarian parliament. This exemplary case demonstrates that the level of party digitalisation provides an important context for understanding the policy narratives of these parties. These findings have important implications for the study of party digitalisation. Future works may need to consider party digitalisation as part of political parties' public image.
What drives data‐driven campaigning (DDC)? A comparative analysis of the institutional and organisational factors shaping the adoption of DDC in the French and German party systems
Authors: Bon Esmeralda , Gibson Rachel , Darius Philipp , Greffet Fabienne , Römmele Andrea 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper analyses the adoption of data‐driven campaigning (DDC) by German and French parties in recent national elections using data from an original post‐election survey of 27 parties (12 German, 15 French) and a new purpose‐built DDC campaign index. Specifically, we investigate two main research questions: (1) Do countries and parties vary in the extent to which DDC is practised? (2) If so, what explains those differences? We find that while in both countries DDC adoption is limited in comparison to other campaign modes, differences exist across countries and parties based on a range of macro (systemic) and meso (organisation‐level) factors. Most notably, contrary to normalisation theory, we find that minor parties with a ‘netroots’ base and newcomers who are digital ‘natives’ engage more in DDC than the ‘legacy’ major parties.
Whole‐genome data shed light on speciation and within‐species differentiation of the Papilio machaon complex around the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Cassar Louis‐F. , Nabholz Benoit , Reboud Eliette L. , Chevalier Emmanuelle , Lafon Bérénice J. , Cotton Adam M. , Condamine Fabien L. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWithin swallowtail butterflies, the type species Papilio machaon Linnaeus has fostered many studies leading to a complex taxonomy. With >40 subspecies formally recognized in the Palaearctic and recently simplified to 14 subspecies, there is still a need to address the taxonomic delineation within this complex. A previous phylogenomic analysis including Holarctic subspecies has revealed that Palaearctic P. machaon formed several monophyletic groups, leading to treat P. saharae Oberthür as a subspecies and the Nearctic P. machaon as a separate species (P. bairdii Edwards). Here, we aim at testing the taxonomic boundaries and relationships in the Western Palaearctic using whole‐genome data of taxa from the Mediterranean region, which include first draft genomes of P. hospiton Géné (41× coverage depth) and P. saharae (51× coverage depth). We refined the species boundary of P. machaon and confirmed the species status of P. saharae. We assessed subspecies limits of Mediterranean P. machaon and P. saharae through Bayesian multispecies coalescent inferences and population genomic analyses, indicating that a taxonomic simplification is needed, with the exclusion of P. machaon from North Africa (P. saharae mauretanica Verity, comb. nov.) and the synonymy of subspecies (P. saharae neosaharae Tarrier, syn. nov.). We revealed heterogeneous levels of heterozygosity between island and continental lineages that warrant further taxonomic actions. We also found evidence of low gene flow between Corsican P. machaon and P. hospiton, endemic to Corsica (and Sardinia). We discuss how the speciation and phylogeographic patterns are in line with past climatic and geological changes of the Mediterranean Basin.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐B*35:627 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Pajot Thibault , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*35:627 differs from HLA‐B*35:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 80 in exon 2.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐DQA1*01:67:02 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Andreani Marco , Gustiniani Paola , Ralazamahaleo Mamy , Visentin Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐DQA1*01:67:02 differs from HLA‐DQA1*01:67:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 229 in exon 4.
Analysis of the Surface Urban Heat Island Effect and the Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Its Driving Factors
Authors: Rao Xuqian , Cui Haifu , Dong Jiaying , Xiang Longwei , Peng Li 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect presents a significant challenge in urban environments. However, there is spatiotemporal variability in the SUHI effect and its drivers, which is often overlooked. To address this issue, this study employs the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the SUHI and its driving factors. The findings reveal the following: (1) The SUHIs in the central urban area of Wuhan are located mainly on both sides of the Yangtze and Han Rivers, most notably in the Qingshan Industrial Zone; (2) in the city center, the land surface temperature (LST) is strongly positively correlated with the bare soil index (BSI), normalized difference built‐up index (NDBI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and nighttime light (NTL); (3) clear temporal disparities exist between the LST and the drivers, with the NDBI, NDWI, and NTL factors displaying the most notable variations; and (4) a comprehensive analysis has yielded quantitative relationships between the LST and associated drivers. In summary, it has been proven that there are spatiotemporal differences in the LST and its driving factors. Therefore, the impact of spatiotemporal heterogeneity should be considered when studying the mitigation of the SUHI effect.
Voting on Vaccinations: The Political Legitimacy of Referendums on Science‐Related Questions
Authors: Ongaro Malvina 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, I ask whether a referendum is more legitimate than parliamentary voting as a procedure to reach a collective decision on the question of mandatory vaccinations. Since I define both procedures as applications of binary majority rule, I start by exploring the political legitimacy of such rule. There are two main legitimising arguments for it: an instrumental one and a procedural one. After an illustration of their respective limitations, I defend a hybrid account of legitimacy that makes use of both. My main claim is that which of these should be used to ground the legitimacy of a procedure depends crucially on the empirical content of the question at stake. However, I contend that only a procedural argument could make a referendum more legitimate than parliamentary voting. Thus, the answer to my research question depends on the empirical status of the issue of mandatory vaccinations. I describe it as a complex issue, the answer to which depends on both empirical and non‐empirical components. Under a premise‐based approach, a referendum would be more legitimate only for the non‐empirical components. Under a conclusion‐based one, it would be more legitimate only if an overall assessment conferred more relevance to the non‐empirical components.
A generalized pseudo‐rotation with positive topological entropy
Authors: Çineli Erman 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this note, we give examples of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms which are on one hand dynamically complicated, for instance, with positive topological entropy, and on the other hand minimal from the perspective of Floer theory. The minimality is in the sense that the barcode of the Floer complex of all iterates of these maps consists of only infinite bars. In particular, the maps have zero barcode entropy.