bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advantages of yeast-based recombinant protein technology as vaccine products against infectious diseases
Authors: Lestari C S W , Novientri G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The yeast expression system is widely used to produce functional recombinant proteins in the biopharmaceutical industry, such as vaccine products. The expression system choices using yeast as the host has many advantages. Various vaccines have been produced commercially using yeast expression systems. This review aims to explore the advantages of the yeast expression system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, and Hansenula polymorpha, which emphasize vaccine products to prevent human infectious diseases. Selection of the appropriate expression system is carried out by identification at the genetic and fermentation levels, taking into account host features, vectors and expression strategies. We also demonstrate the development of a yeast expression system that can produce recombinant proteins, virus-like particles and yeast surface displays as a novel vaccine strategy against infectious diseases. The recombinant protein produced as a vaccine in the yeast system is cost-effective, immunogenic, and safe. In addition, this system has not introduced new microbe variants in nature that will be safe for the environment. Thus, it has the potential to become a commercial product used in vaccination programs to prevent human infectious diseases.
Phytochemical profiles and ethnomedicine preliminary studies on seagrass species in the Southern Coast of Lombok Island Indonesia
Authors: Zulkifli L , Muksin Y D , Hartanto P , Desimarlina Y , Idrus A A , Syukur A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Seagrass is a coastal plant that is not only important in maintaining the stability of coastal ecosystems, but also provides many benefits in daily life. Seagrass has long been used as traditional medicine by coastal residents in South Lombok. The purpose of this study was to screen the main types of secondary metabolites contained in seagrass in the southern coast of Lombok Island and to obtain information about the species of seagrass used as traditional medicine for certain types of diseases in local residents. Seagrass samples were taken from the south coast and the extraction process was carried out by maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. The crude extract obtained was then subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests. The phytochemical qualitative test showed that Syringodium isoetifolium, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila decipiens, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, and Cymodocea cerulata contain compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenols. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that E. acoroides had the highest total flavonoid content (3.7 mg QE/g) compared to that of other species, while the highest total phenolic content was indicated by T. hemprichii (33 mg GAE/100 g). The results of interviews related to the ethnomedicinal aspects of seagrass indicate that four species commonly used by local residents in healing diseases are E. acoroides, S. isoetifolium, T. hemprichii, and C. cerulata. They are widely used both as an external medicine (itching-skin diseases and external wounds) and internal medicine, such as heart, cancer, and kidney disease. Based on the phytochemical profile and ethnomedicine studies, the four seagrass species can be an alternative source in obtaining bioactive compounds for the development of specific drugs in the future.
The correlation between total protein content and antioxidant activity of collagen isolated from a marine sponge Stylissa flabelliformis collected from North Lombok Indonesia coast
Authors: Sunarwidhi A L , Rosyantari A , Prasedya E S , Ardiana N , Ilhami B T K , Abidin A S , Ambana Y , Kirana I A P , Wirasisya D G , Anugrah W , Fersiyana R D , Dewi N M A R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Abstract.Collagen is a fibrous protein that has recently gained high attention from the pharmaceutical industry due to its benefits on the skin. Collagen can be isolated from various resources including marine sponges. Marine sponges are found in a large amount in Indonesia and has not been widely explored for its pharmacology benefits. Here we isolate collagen from a marine sponge Stylissa flabelliformis found in North Lombok Indonesia coast. The isolation of collagen was performed followed by total protein content analysis using modified Bradford protein assay and antioxidant activity measurement using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) assay. The total yield of the collagen isolate obtained was 3.5% and it had a total of 0.755mg/ml protein. DPPH assay has shown that the collagen isolate had antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 61.5±2.132 ppm. Based on Spearman correlation assay, the antioxidant activity was found to be correlated with the protein content of the isolate (r value=0.8). These results show the potency of using the collagen isolated from marine sponge Stylissa flabelliformis for further antioxidant benefits.
Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and Antioxidants Activity of Marine Sponge Stylissa flabelliformis Ethanol Extract
Authors: Rosyantari A , Prasedya ES , Ilhami BTK , Martyasari NWR , Padmi H , Abidin AS , Ambana Y , Kirana IAP , Sunarwidhi AL 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Marine sponge Stylissa flabelliformis is a marine sponge species that is widely found in Indonesia. Marine sponges have been proven to have pharmacological activities including wound healing, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity. All these activities are related to its antioxidant potential. Antioxidants are important for human health due to its ability to protect cell damage caused by free radicals. The aim of this research was to study the antioxidant activity of marine sponge (Stylissa flabelliformis) and to observe the phytochemical compound of the marine sponge such as the phenolic and flavonoid content. Extraction was performed using cold maceration with 96% ethanol solvent and continued by rotary evaporator to get the concentrated extract. Antioxidants activity was analysed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, which examines the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the ethanol extract. Total phenolic content (TPC) was examined using Gallic acid as the standard, while total flavonoid content (TFC) was examined using quercetin as the standard. The result showed a concentration-dependent antiradical activity by reduction of DPPH with an IC50 value 2000 µg/mL. Total phenolic content was 152,67 mg GAE/g, while the total flavonoid content was 155,79 mg QE/g.
Investigating the implementation of Indonesian regulation in drinking water supply system
Authors: Suminar L , Werdiningtyas R , Kusumastuti  
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrinking water is an aspect of development that has an essential function in supporting community welfare because it relates to health, social and economic conditions. Therefore, the urban water system needs good planning, design, and operational infrastructure. This paper aims to identify actors and their roles in the drinking water supply system in Indonesia. Analysis was carried out on laws and regulations related to drinking water through content analysis. The results showed that government capacity in building and administering drinking water supply system was still lacking. In addition, the government shared the responsibilities to enterprises, both owned by the government and by private institutions. Finally, it is necessary to equip and expand laws and regulations to provide drinking water distribution. The critical implication to stop the massive exploitation of groundwater for consumption includes the improvement of drinking water reliability by synergizing and integrating all attempts by various actors in providing drinking water.
Energy greenhouse gas emission inventory in Batu City
Authors: Sari K E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The development of the tourism sector in Batu City is in line with the development of non-agricultural activities in Batu City that dominates 66.7% of Batu City’s land use pattern. This pattern is related to the energy demand in Batu City and contributes to the increasing GHG emissions from the energy sector. The energy sector contributes 24-25% of GHG emissions and it will increase along with further development of activities. The GHG emission inventory is an important step related to GHG emission reduction, and, due to the uncertainty of GHG emission distribution, the inventory was based on the sources of emission. The main purpose of this research is to make an inventory of the amount of GHG emission from the energy sector in Batu City from 3 main emission sources in Batu, namely transportation, commercial, and household. The analytical method used is the Tier 1 approach using a database of energy consumption and the number of activities as an emission source. The results show that the total amount of GHG emissions from the energy sector in Batu City is 2,562,159,822,007.89 kg/year with an average increase of 0.75% per year and is dominated by emission sources from the household sector. The average increase in GHG emissions from the transportation sector is 58.83% with a significant increase in 2015. In the commercial sector, the average annual increase in GHG emissions is 3.83%, and the household sector—as the largest energy consumer—has an average increase in GHG emissions each year of 0.75%.
Building facade components in a historical corridor. Case study: Karet Street, Surabaya
Authors: Andrian D , Soemardiono B , Noerwasito T 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Today’s cities are developing at a breakneck pace, resulting in physical modifications to buildings. This growth can also be witnessed in the presence of new structures designed to house city-related operations. This research was conducted in the corridor area of Surabaya’s Karet Street, a historical district. Numerous historical structures may be seen along Karet Street, including surviving colonial and Chinese-style structures. Historically, this Karet Street corridor region served as a commerce hub due to its proximity to the Kali Mas (Mas River) trade route. However, as the era progressed, the buildings in the corridor of Karet Street became abandoned, many were neglected, and other structures were added, resulting in inconsistency between buildings. Thus, this research aimed to characterize the building facade components along the Karet Street corridor. The research technique used was descriptive qualitative research. Sixty-two structures along the Karet Street corridor comprise the sampled area. The factors consisted of the building’s door/entrance, windows, walls, roof, and the stylef the building—a qualitative descriptive analysis based on the state of the building’s facade in the field. Direct observation, existing literature, and documentation were employed to obtain data. The study’s findings revealed inconsistencies in the building’s exterior components, particularly in the structure’s modern style. In an area that contains colonial and Chinese-style buildings, this contradiction might undermine the area’s historical assets. Additionally, modifications and damage to facade components might obliterate the authenticity of existing historical value.
The characteristics of riverbank slum settlement in Indonesia. Case study: Depok, Palembang, Surabaya, and Surakarta
Authors: Pramantha R Q , Agustian E , Suminar L , Refnitasari L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Slum settlement is one of the problems faced by various big cities in developing countries, including Indonesia. Cities in Indonesia that are developing and functioning as a centre of activity have invited the surrounding population to migrate to cities in the hope of finding a better job and life. This is not in line with the limited housing and settlement facilities in urban areas, thus encouraging low-income people to live in slum settlements, including riverbank areas. Settlement in riverbank areas that grows uncontrollably has formed a slum area and degraded the riverbank’s main function. This research aims to find the characteristics of riverbank slum settlements in Indonesia with observational case study in Depok City, Palembang City, Surabaya City, and Surakarta City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by describing the characteristics of the slum settlement at the location of the study. Data collection was carried out by direct observation, literature study, and interviews. The result shows that the characteristics of riverbank slum settlement in the observed locations are formed by several aspects: (1) physical aspects including land availability, infrastructure, and house building, (2) socio-economic aspects including people’s livelihoods, the local community awareness, ethnic, and kinship factor.
A Study on the potential of branding aspect in Balikpapan Kota District, Balikpapan City, Indonesia
Authors: Pratama R Y , Ulimaz M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Balikpapan is experiencing urbanization quite rapidly and has a role in residential development to accommodate the needs of its citizen. One of the strategic issues of settlements in Balikpapan is the settlements that have decreased in quality in settlement area. Based on the City Service Center System Plan of the Balikpapan Spatial Plan, Balikpapan Kota District functions as a Government Service Center, Trade and Service Center, Health Service Center, and Education Center in a City-wide Scale. Balikpapan Kota District Settlement Area is included in the area with a mild level of slum. Naturally, this will result in a shift in public perception of the area and, thus, undermines the image of the area or, arguably, the area does not have the essence of city branding value. Thus, it is necessary to study the potential in the aspect of branding in the Balikpapan Kota District Settlement Area. In achieving these objectives, an analysis related to the city’s branding aspects was carried out. The branding aspect approach in this study used the City Branding Hexagon approach. The analysis was conducted by means of quantitative descriptive method (scoring method). The results of this study provided a score from the branding aspect of the settlement area. The results of the branding aspects analysis in the Balikpapan Kota District have been identified from the neighbourhood, sub-district, and district scale. Balikpapan Kota District Settlement Area has the most substantial potential in the dimensions of Potential (2.90) and Prerequisite (2.76). There are two branding potentials but they are quite weak compared to the other aspects, which are the Presence (1.75) and Pulse (1.67) dimensions. Moreover, there are dimensions of Place (2.03) and People (2.50), which have potential that can be developed.
Tsunami early warning chain assessment utilizing social network analysis
Authors: Fardani I , Emirul F B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The application of rapid and accurate disaster early warning information has served as the key to successful mitigation for natural disaster. For example, in a tsunami disaster condition, precise information from authorized stakeholders must be immediately and accurately conveyed to the people potentially affected by the disaster. However, in practice in the field, the disseminated information has been however uncertain, failing to reach the lowest level of society. For this reason, a study is required to identify the information network that existed in the community when the tsunami disaster occurred. One method in determining this information includes Social Network Analysis (SNA), referring to a study method of structural relationships among the interacting network members, involving: individuals, organizations, or institutions. In this study, a survey was conducted to 90 respondents at the disaster location. From the results, it was found that 14 actors were involved in disseminating information on the tsunami disaster in the lowest community. The result of the Social Network Analysis indicated that the value of the degree of centrality, actor of mosque information obtained the highest value of 0.231, implementing that most of the community at the lowest level received tsunami information from announcements disseminated through information from mosques. Meanwhile, the lowest value of network closeness centrality was hamlet (RT/RW), having a value of 0.876, indicating that information from the mosque was beneficial as disaster early warning information. Upon calculating the degree of centrality and closeness at the lowest level of society, information from mosques and hamlet (RT/RW) serves as the most influential actor in disseminating tsunami information in Pandeglang Regency, Banten, Indonesia.
Post-processing of additively manufactured metal parts by ultrashort laser pulses for high-quality net shape geometries and advanced functionality
Authors: Holder Daniel , Buser Matthias , Leis Artur , Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Additive manufacturing by means of laser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF) offers high flexibility with respect to the generation of individualized and light-weight metal parts. However, the produced parts are typically attached to support structures and deviate a few tens of micrometers from the targeted final component in geometrical net shape and surface roughness due to the melt-based fusion process. Therefore, different post-processing techniques were examined in the past to resolve the mentioned quality drawbacks. In our work, we investigated the potential of post-processing of LPBF-generated Ti6Al4V parts with ultrashort pulse laser ablation. As a result, the support structures were effectively removed, the surface roughness was reduced by 81% and complex geometries with high shape accuracy were fabricated. Furthermore, the LBPF-generated parts were laser surface structured to investigate the potential of post-processing with ultrashort laser pulses for advanced functionality, such as water-repellent surfaces. The generation of surface structures on the LPBF-generated Ti6Al4V part changed the wetting behaviour from hydrophilic to hydrophobic with an increased contact angle from 73° up to 130°.
Hardening in laser forming under the temperature gradient mechanism
Authors: Nikolaev Nikolov Georgi , Noel Thomsen Anders , Kristiansen Morten 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Laser forming is a contactless thermal forming process that can be applied for both single and double-curved geometries. When it comes to prototyping and small batch production, laser forming has the potential to compete with conventional sheet-metal forming processes; however, an investigation of the relationship between process parameters, hardness distribution and the bend rate is lacking. This study examines the influence of using different sets of processing parameters on the bend rate and the hardness distribution. ANSI 304 stainless steel samples of 1 and 3 mm thickness are laser formed up to 90° with a bend radius equal to their thickness. A theoretical discussion of the material’s hardening kinetics is used to generalize the results. Micro-Vickers hardness test is used to measure the hardness distribution along the 3 mm samples to support the theoretical discussion. The results show that the bend rate increases when using different sets of process parameters; furthermore, the bend arc length has shown to have a significant influence over the bend rate. An increase of hardness is observed on the bottom side of the laser formed samples, indicating potential strain hardening.
Root formation and mechanical properties in laser keyhole welding of 15 mm thick HSLA steel
Authors: Bunaziv Ivan , Dørum Cato , Erik Nielsen Steen , Suikkanen Pasi , Ren Xiaobo , Nyhus Bård , Eriksson Magnus , Magne Akselsen Odd 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Deep penetration laser welding is promising in joining thick (> 10 mm) steel sections. Focused laser beam by drilling vapour cavity, the keyhole, generates deep and narrow welds. Full penetration single-pass joining has a persistent problem with root quality where humping is one of the most frequent imperfection. This strongly hampers the use of high-power laser for thick plate welding. A 16 kW disk laser was used for single-pass welding of 15 mm thick plates in a butt joint configuration. Root humping occurred within a wide range of welding parameters. This provides narrow processing window. By adding an arc source to the laser beam process, the tendency of root humping increases. To achieve humping-free welds and consistent root quality over length, a delicate balance of process parameters is required. High heat input (> 0.50 kJ/mm) was positive to achieve a combination of low hardness (< 325 HV) and good Charpy toughness at -50 °C (> 50 J).
On multi-sensor monitoring of fiber laser fusion cutting
Authors: Levichev Nikita , Duflou Joost R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Laser cutting is a well-established industrial process for sheet metal applications. However, cutting thick plates is still accompanied by problems because of the characteristic limited process parameter window. Since cutting by means of fiber lasers has become dominant, tailored solutions are required in such systems for industrial applications. The development of a robust real-time monitoring system, which adapts the process parameters according to a specific quality requirement, implies a significant step forward towards automated laser cutting and increases the process robustness and performance. In this work, a coaxial multi-sensor monitoring system is tested for fiber laser cutting of stainless steel thick plates. A high-speed camera and a photodiode sensor have been selected for this investigation. Experiments at different cutting speeds, representing primary cut quality cases, have been conducted and various features of the obtained process zone signals have been examined. Finally, the feasibility of industrial application of the developed setup for high-power fiber laser cutting is discussed, followed by several implementation recommendations.
Comparation of Two Different Methods for Fighting Moisture in Historic Masonry
Authors: Makýš Oto , Gašparík Jozef , Šťastný Patrik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nearby all historic building built in Central Europe before the half of the 20th century have to face problems with unwanted moistening of their constructions. A significant part of them stands under legal protection as architectural monuments. There are several technologies which can be used to deal with this problem. Some of them are more invasive into historical masonry, some of them are less invasive. Some of them are much more effective in insulating effort, some of them are less. According to the Venice charter from 1964 methods which are less invasive should be preferred. Some of them are the ventilation methods. But are they really effective? On the other side of the spectrum are undercutting methods, which are drastically invasive. So, they are standing in a clear opposition the recommendations of the Venice charter. Why should they be used? Are they really so effective? And what should be done with their conflict with the Venice charter? The article tries to find answers on these questions on a base of introduced anti-moistening technologies from both sides of the mentioned spectrum. From a couple of renovation interventions undertaken in Slovakia, in the climate of Central Europe, two typical examples were taken out to support a – hopefully – right result. We used natural ventilation in a church in Western Slovakia and we achieved a success. Then we used the undercutting technology in some other church - again in Western Slovakia. We were also successful. So what is the matter? The matter is that one of this method was not successful in an adequate extend. The other one was.