bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SELF-PERCEIVED COMPETENCE OF NEW DENTAL GRADUATES IN PAKISTAN – A MULTIINSTITUTION STUDY
Authors: Qazi Haroon Shahid , Ali Kamran , Cockerill Josephine , Zahra Daniel , Raja Ulfat Bashir , Ataullah Khurram 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To investigate the self-perceived competence of house-officers from three dental institutions in Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Islamabad Dental Hospital, Fatima Memorial Dental Hospital and Islamic International Dental Hospital, from Jan to Dec 2018.
Methodology: House-officers from three dental institutions were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study. A previously validated preparedness assessment scale was used to gauge the perceptions and experiences of the participants on a range of clinical, cognitive and affective skills. The results were compared to data from Dental Foundation Trainees in the UK.
Results: In total 128 house-officers responded to the online questionnaire (18 participants were excluded due to missing data). All but four participants were in the 20-25 years age group (96.4%). The mean overall score of participants was 70/100 (SD ± 11.71). Self-perceived competence was reported to be low for clinical skills in radiography, crowns, cast-partial dentures and endodontics on multi-rooted teeth.
Conclusions: This study investigated self-perceived competence amongst new graduates and provides information for comparison with data from Foundation Dentists in the UK. Pakistani House-Officers felt less prepared than Dental Foundation Trainees in 49/50 attributes. Several areas were identified where graduates from both countries may benefit from further education, training and consolidation. The findings may be of interest to dental educators and other stakeholders.Keywords: , , ,
COMPARISION OF FREQUENCY OF INFECTION BETWEEN INTERNAL JUGULAR AND FEMORAL VEIN DOUBLE LUMEN HEMODIALYSIS CATHETER IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) PATIENTS
Authors: Khan Saif Ullah , Amir Muhammad , Javed Ali , Nisar Shazia , Nisar Shazia , Khan Malik Nadeem Azam , Javed Muhammad Arsalan 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To compare the frequency of infection between internal jugular and femoral vein double lumen haemodialysis catheter in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
Study Design: Comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from Jan to Jun 2018.
Methodology: A total of 400 patients (200 patients in each group) were included in this study. After insertion of catheter the patients were divided into 2 groups, group-A (jugular) and group-B (femoral) by lottery method and followed for development of catheter related blood stream infection (CRBI) within two weeks after its insertion.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 51.68 ± 13.29 and 50.89 ± 14.31 years in group-a and b, respectively. In group-A 193 (96.5%) and in group-B 196 (98%) patients presented with chronic kidney disease duration of <4 years, in group-A 7 (3.5%) and in group-B 4 (2%) patients presented with chronic kidney disease duration of >5 years. In both groups, 65 (32.5%) were diabetic. Catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI) was found in 13 (6.5%) and 8 (14%) in group-A & B, respectively.
Conclusion: Infection frequently complicates double lumen catheters used for haemodialysis and infections are more frequent in patients with femoral vein catheter as compared to internal jugular vein.
IMPACT OF AGE ON OUTCOME OF COVID-19 PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Rafique Iffat , Yasir Muhammad , Zia Nadeem , Sheen Irfan Najm , Siddiqui Hamid Jamal , Nadeem Asif 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To assess the impact of age on outcome of COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Malir, Karachi, from Apr to Jun 2020.
Methodology: This was a retrospective cross sectional study conducted at Combined Military Hospital Malir Karachi. About 120 positive cases of SARS COV-2 were studied, including males and females. Age range was 21-85 years. Patients were divided into groups according to age, group A (21-40 years), group B (41-55 years), group C (56-85 years). Presenting complaints and associated co morbidities were also analyzed. Mild cases were managed conservatively. Moderate to severe oxygen dependent cases were managed in intensive care units.
Results: The mean age of patients was 40.24 years with 16.25 ± SD. Co- morbidities were noted in 67 (55.83%) patients, highest in group C, hypertension being the most common. Ten patients could not survive, due respiratory failure complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Bilateral infiltrates >50% observed in (14%) out of (n=120) patients. One hundred and ten patients were discharged with uneventful recovery.
Conclusion: Mortality was highest among elderly patients with comorbidities. Therefore, international standing operative measures (SOPs) to be followed. Meticulous monitoring of vital signs and oxygen saturation in mild cases is the bare minimum requirement and timely appropriate treatment escalation of moderate to severe cases in intensive care units is the key to success.
PATIENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH THE QUALITY OF DERMATOLOGY CONSULTATION OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Rahman Atiya , Naveed Tehseen , Zulfiqar Sumeera , Akhtar Aisha , Hamid Andaleeb , Iftikhar Nadia 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the satisfaction rate of dermatology patients, after purposefully improving the consultation skills of residents.
Study Design: Mix-method study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Jan to Sep 2020,
Methodology: Empathy informed curriculum was delivered by the consultants and senior registrar prior to the conduction of study as well as an ongoing process to the post-graduate trainees in the department. Patients’ satisfaction with the quality of dermatological consultation was assessed by consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure. One hundred and seventy six patients were recruited during the study period. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, means, standard deviations and percentages were determined from the data. Advanced level analysis was done by Pearson’s correlation coefficients to analyse relationships between variables.
Results: The mean age of study participant was 39.01 ± SD 19.81 year, with a minimum of 3 years and maximum of 91 years. Ninety two (52.3%) patients were male and 84 (47.7%) were female. The mean consultation and relational empathy score was 40.34 ± SD 8.56 with 16 minimum score and 50 maximum. One hundred and sixty six (94.3%) patients were overall satisfied with the consultation whereas 10 (5.7%) were not.
Conclusion: We found high satisfaction rate amongst patients attending dermatology outpatient department. Empathy informed curricula should be emphasized upon to provide holistic patient care.
EFFECT OF OBESTATIN ON PITUITARY GONADAL AXIS, LEPTIN AND MDA LEVELS IN OBESE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS
Authors: Latif Nadia , Rasul Amina , Ali Sajid , Zia Rimsha 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the effect of obestatin administration on FSH, LH, testosterone, leptin and MDA levels in obese Sprague Dawley Rats.
Study Design: Laboratory based animal study.
Place and Duration of Study: Physiology department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, from Mar to Jun 2015.
Methodology: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Physiology Department Army medical college. Male healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n–15 each) i.e. control group (group I) fed with normal pellet diet (NPD), obese group (group II) and obestatin treated obese group (group III) fed with high fat diet (HFD). After 10 weeks, group III was treated with obestatin (1nmol/100ml intraperitoneally). Blood samples were obtained by terminal intracardiac sampling for bioasssays of FSH, LH, testosterone, leptin and MDA by ELISA.
Results: Obestatin supplementation in obese rats showed significant increase in LH levels (3.79 ± 0.05) and testosterone levels (2.07 ± 0.22) when compared to the non treated obese rats (2.19 ± 0.07) and (1.37 ± 0.15) respectively while significant decrease in leptin (3.85 ± 0.23) and MDA levels (1.62 ± 0.07) was observed when compared to the non-treated control groups (6.10 ± 1.18) and (1.95 ± 0.07) respectively. However, serum FSH levels remained unchanged among the treated and nontreated groups.
Conclusion: Obestatin increases the testosterone levels by augmenting the pituitary gonadal axis through decrease in the oxidative stress and leptin levels in obese rats.
Entre o individualismo e a solidariedade: as comunidades acadêmicas em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Carvalho Anne Gabriele Lima Sousa de , Souza Alessa Cristina Pereira de 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os impactos da pandemia sobre as relações sociais e sobre as preocupações despertadas pelos integrantes das comunidades acadêmicas do Nordeste brasileiro. Propõe-se discutir como esses indivíduos, inseridos em uma das regiões mais vulneráveis e mais afetadas pela pandemia, têm equacionado interesses individualistas e ações coletivistas frente aos diferentes efeitos que os protocolos de controle da disseminação do vírus têm provocado sobre suas vidas cotidianas. A análise teve por base a realização de uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa que contou com um formulário digital respondido por discentes, docentes, técnicos/as e outros/as colaboradores/as das Instituições de Ensino Superior dessa região. Os dados apresentados destacam que a pandemia tem levado ao envolvimento direto dos participantes da pesquisa em contextos de solidariedade, mas tem despertado preocupações de natureza individualista e economicista, o que leva à reflexão sobre a reprodução de uma lógica capitalista que reforça desigualdades estruturais.
Resenha: Pritchard, Duncan. Skepticism: A Very Short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019
Authors: Lemos Italo Lins 
Published: July 2021

O livro que analisarei nesta resenha é o Skepticism: a Very Short Introduction (Ceticismo: uma Introdução Muito Curta), que foi publicado em 2019 pela Oxford University Press. Como o subtítulo sugere, trata-se de uma obra introdutória que tem como público-alvo estudantes de graduação em Filosofia ou até mesmo indivíduos que não tomam (ou não pretendem tomar) a Filosofia como profissão. Entretanto, contrariando o que o título sugere, a obra não trata do ceticismo em sentido lato, nem consiste em um catálogo de suas variadas subdivisões (como em ceticismo pirrônico e acadêmico), mas é primordialmente acerca de somente uma de suas vertentes: o ceticismo radical.
Apresentado na I Jornada Científica do Esporte Coletivo Recife – PE, 2018. MONITORAMENTO ELETRÔNICO NO FUTEBOL PROFISSIONAL – ASPECTOS DO TREINAMENTO
Authors: Calado Clovis 
Published: July 2021

No Futebol existem vários fatores multidisciplinares que são diretamente relacionados com o rendimento.
ATAQUES REALIZADOS NA ZONA DE DEFESA TÊM EFEITO SEMELHANTE ÀS AÇÕES OFENSIVAS NA ZONA DE ATAQUE NO VOLEIBOL FEMININO?
Authors: Júnior Edson De Souza Mesquita , De Almeida Anderson Henrique Souza , Da Costa Yago Pessoa , Dos Santos Sarah Abrahão Gomes , Batista Gilmário Ricarte 
Published: July 2021

A área de jogo pode ser dividida em zona ofensiva e zona defensiva, no entanto, os atacantes que ocupam a zona defensiva também podem realizar ataques, desde que observadas às regras do jogo. Objetivo: Verificar a associação das ações de defesa em relação aos ataques realizados nas zonas ofensivas e defensivas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com oito equipes participantes da Superliga Feminina de Voleibol 2009/2010. Ao total, analisou-se 14 jogos, considerando as ações de ataque e defesa (423 ações). Os critérios utilizados para construção do scout do desempenho técnico- tático foi adaptado de Eom e Schutz (1992), levando em conta a área de ação de ataque para com ação subsequente da defesa. Desta forma, para a defesa, utilizou-se uma escala de quatro pontos, variando de 0 a 4, sendo 0 erro e 4 perfeição. Utilizaram-se as frequências relativa e absoluta para apresentação das variáveis zona de ataque e ação da defesa. Com o intuito de verificar a associação entre as ações ofensivas com a defesa, utilizou-se o teste de Qui-quadrado, com correção de Monte Carlos. Os dados foram analisados por meio do software SPSS, versão 20.0. Resultados: A maior frequência das ações ofensivas foi realizada por jogadores na zona de ataque (92,2%). A zona de 2 ataque mostrou-se associada à defesa (X = 11,817; p= 0,019). Desta forma, ataque realizado por atletas da zona de defesa associou-se positivamente à defesa de escore “4” (2,8), e negativamente ao escore “0” (-2,5). Já os ataques realizados por atletas pela zona ofensiva associaram-se de forma inversa, sendo positiva, com o escore “0” (2,5) e negativa com escore “4” (-2,8). Conclusão: Os ataques realizados da zona ofensiva possuem um melhor desempenho, visto que gera mais erros de defesa e menos ações de contra-ataque para o time adversário.
Determinants of Lack of Family Planning in Grand Multiparous Women
Authors: Noor Sofia , Rana Muhammad Saleem , Hanif Asif , John Akash , Noor Aasia , Noor Amina , Zahid Sana , Hassan Taimoor , Faridi Tallat Anwar , Iqbal Neelam 
Published: July 2021

Multiparity is a matter of great concern regarding the health of women as well as child. At the same time it has different determinants and socioeconomic backgrounds. Objective: To determine the determinants of lack of family planning in grand multiparous women. Methods: It is a descriptive cross sectional study including 271 GMP patients from DHQ Hospital Okara city. Mean age was 35 ± 10 years. Data was collected with the help of questionnaire and evaluated and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for quantitative data and frequency and percentages for qualitative data. To measure the determinants of lack of family planning, chi square test was used. P values less than and equal to 0.05 were taken as significant. Results: Most of women belong to rural area 172 (63.47%) and are Muslims 259 (95.5%). Most of the families lie under upper lower 149 (54.8%) and lower middle group of income 71 (26.1%). The reason of last pregnancy was desire for baby boy 66 (24.4%), then husband’s wish 45 (16.6%) and so on. There is a good association of socioeconomic status and residence of head of family as p < 0.05, (Results are 325.272a, df = 10, p=0 .000). There is an association of Gravida and socioeconomic status of head of family as p<0.05. (27.294, df= 20, p=.05). There is a good association between reasons of last pregnancy and gravida as p<0.05, (41.920, df = 24, p=0 .001). Conclusions: The grand multiparty is still very common in Okara Pakistan district, considering the easy availability of modern contraceptive methods but very few women are aware of it. The most popular explanation given for present pregnancy by grand multiparous women was an urge for baby boy followed by husband wish. Most of women are Muslims. Rural Women are more socio-economically down and they have grander multiparty
A New Framework of Corporate Governance for Waqf: A Preliminary Proposal
Authors: Abdullah Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

The global cumulative waqf assets have been estimated to be worth $105 billion. Though, this estimation is not based on exact data, it reflects only a glimpse of what the institution of waqf may entail in the process of and struggle for socio-economic upliftment of the ummah. However, despite possessing the potential of improving society, a substantial proportion of total awqaf is still lying dormant across the world. In modern day economy, waqf has taken a new trajectory, both as a product and as an institution/legal entity, especially in the Islamic finance industry. Consequently, this scenario automatically demands that the institution be fairly regulated and closely monitored. However, not much has been written in the corporate governance area of waqf. This article has three aims: firstly, to briefly examine the salient features of waqf from the perspective of fiqh al-awqaf, secondly, to explore the evolution of the fiqh al-awqaf in the light of waqf being metamorphosed into a corporation-like entity, and finally, to propose the possibilities of how a corporate governance model can be developed for the institution based on the existing waqf rulings and modern regulatory guidelines.
Encouragement of Scientific Enquiry in the Noble Qur'an
Authors: Batchelor Daud Abdul-Fattah 
Published: July 2021

For our enlightenment and progress, the Muslim ummah today needs to regain the spirit of wonder of the early Muslims whose faith in God (iman) soared under inspiration from the Qur’anic revelation and tutelage of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). With these, Muslims could appreciate God’s Majesty and Omnipotence, and His Mercy and Benevolence in creating the universe with man in the august role as khalifah (vicegerent) and custodian of the earth and the heavens. In one inspiring verse 45:13, God says: “He has subjected to you, as from Him, all that is in the heavens and on earth. Behold! In that are signs indeed for those who reflect.” The imagination of a Muslim scientist reading the Noble Qur’an would thus naturally be stirred by verses where Allah avers to natural phenomena and their benefits, encouraging mankind to investigate more deeply. The Prophet (pbuh) encouraged people to “explore the meanings of the Qur’an and to search for its mysteries”. Islam as a science-friendly religion promotes scientific investigation and technological advancement that contributes to human wellbeing.
Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia: Kemajuan dan Pencapaian
Authors: Mohamed Adil Mohamed Azam 
Published: July 2021

Malaysia’s Shariah court system long predates the country’s Independence in 1957 and has since undergone a series of developments. Yet the Shariah court’s jurisdiction remains limited by the Parliament and the Federal Constitution. This limited jurisdiction has triggered an on-going conflict between Shariah courts and civil courts. This article discusses the jurisdiction of Shariah court prior to and after the landmark amendment inserting Article 121 (1A) into the Malaysian Federal Constitution. It also discusses the challenges faced by the Shariah courts within and outside the system. This article suggests that the present jurisdiction of the Shariah courts should be reviewed, and that the civil courts should not interfere with the jurisdiction that has been awarded to the Shariah courts, even if that jurisdiction is only implied. This article ends with a suggestion that a Special court should be set up to adjudicate cases pertaining to Islamic law but involving parties of different faiths.
Environmental Sustainability: Worldview, Philosophy and Teachings
Authors: Shaikh Salman Ahmed , Ismail Abdul Ghafar , Mohd Shafiai Muhammad Hakimi 
Published: July 2021

Economic choices influenced by animalistic instincts in an ethically neutral framework have not only resulted in huge disparities in distribution of income, wealth and standards of living, but, as we now realise, they have also resulted in an unprecedented loss to ecology and environment with catastrophic consequences for future generations. More than ever, economics as a discipline of knowledge needs an ethical base in order to rekindle a spiritual rationality that can enable us to take into account equity considerations more explicitly in economic choices, both at the individual and at the societal level. This paper explains how Islamic economics can help in bridging the gap. The paper explains the teachings of Islam on different environmental issues and shows how the Islamic worldview can help to encourage and reinforce environmentally friendly behaviour and choices.
Resurgent Tides of Nationalism
Authors: Hazri Tengku Ahmad 
Published: July 2021

In recent months, the rise of nationalism has been associated with the return of xenophobia, anti-immigration sentiments, populism and far-right, neo-fascist conservatism. In consequence, nationalism has been much maligned and made the scapegoat for Brexit, the rise of Donald Trump, ‘Putinism’ and China’s intransigence on issues like Taiwan. Putin’s expansion towards the East, for example, has been construed in certain media circles as a revival of Eurasianism, a policy advocated by Russian thinkers from Prince Nikolay Trubetskoy and Lev Gumilev to Alexander Dugin. Certainly, Putin’s 2012 allusion to Gumilev’s passionarnost (the Russian equivalent of Ibn Khaldun’s ’asabiyya) was taken to hint at a revival of Eurasianism.
Osman Bakar - Qur'anic Picture of the Universe: The Scriptural Foundation of Islamic Cosmology
Authors: Mrahorovic Senad 
Published: July 2021

Since the publication of Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s pioneering work on traditional Islamic cosmology, entitled An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines (1964), there has not been a major contribution in English on the same subject and from the same point of view until this latest book by Osman Bakar, entitled Qur’anic Pictures of the Universe: The Scriptural Foundation of Islamic Cosmology. As a leading authority on the philosophy of science, Dr Bakar has already written a great deal on Islamic cosmology, but never in such an extensive and meticulous study as this.
Waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 20th and 21st Century
Authors: Omercic Jasmin 
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the socio-economic role of waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the 20th century to date. Bosnia and Herzegovina waqf endured through various political fortunes and improved the social and economic circumstances of Muslims. A contemporary challenge is to reconstruct this waqf. A new development is the emergence of Islamic Economics. Since 1995, the Waqf Directorate of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina (WD-ICBIH), the main authority over waqf, initiated reforms to revive the socio-economic role of waqf and integrate it into Bosnia and Herzegovina development. The study identifies the challenges facing the Waqf Directorate and the development of Islamic Economics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The emergence of Islamic Economics and Islamic Banking and Finance, in cooperation with the Bosnia Bank International, presents opportunities to the Waqf Directorate to achieve its vision and mission. Some avenues for waqf integration into Bosnia and Herzegovina development qualify as commendable efforts of reform, indicate a feasible future for the Waqf Directorate, and gradually address various challenges. The paper concludes with actionable policy recommendations.
The Drawbacks of Judicial Pluralism in the Administration of Justice
Authors: Ramli Ilham 
Published: July 2021

Legal pluralism in Malaysia has been traditionally a colonial legacy. Legal pluralism not only posits the existence of multiple legal spheres in the same social field but develops certain suppositions concerning the relationships and interaction between them. One area in which there is apparently interesting interaction is in the administration of justice. Whilst legal pluralism may be celebrated because it moves away from the pre-occupation with legal centralism, society cannot afford to have a justice system that is in disarray. This is indeed the case in Malaysia where a common law tradition and civil justice system seem to be at odds with the strong element of religion in the constitution. For more than 50 years, the Malaysian legal system has had to grapple with the ongoing and seemingly endless conflict of judicial authority between the civil and Syariah courts. Syariah courts in Malaysia are exclusively empowered to hear and dispose of cases among Muslims on subject matters enumerated in the first item of List II of the Ninth Schedule of the Federal Constitution.