bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex‐Specific Neurotoxicity of Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products in APP/PS1 Mice and Protective Roles of Trehalose by Inhibiting Tau Phosphorylation via GSK‐3β‐TFEB
Authors: Zhou Huan‐Huan , Luo Lan , Zhai Xue‐Di , Chen Liangkai , Wang Guiping , Qin Li‐Qiang , Yu Zengli , Xin Li‐Li , Wan Zhongxiao 
Published: October 2021

ScopeIt remains unclear whether dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs)‐induced cognitive impairment is sex‐dependent. Trehalose may antagonize dAGEs‐induced neurotoxicity via glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK3β)‐transcription factor EB (TFEB) signaling.Methods and ResultsThe sex‐specific neurotoxicity of dAGEs and the protective role of trehalose are investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Both sexes of APP/PS1 mice are divided into three groups: that is, control, dAGEs, and dAGEs supplemented with trehalose. SHSY‐5Y cells incubated with AGE‐BSA and trehalose are also utilized. Dietary AGEs impair cognitive function only in female mice, which is restored by trehalose. Trehalose upregulates phosphorylated‐GSK3β serine9 (p‐GSK3β ser9), TFEB and transient receptor potential mucolipin 1, ADAM10, oligosaccharyl transferase‐48, estrogen receptor α and induces TFEB nuclear translocation in hippocampus, elevates IDE and ERβ in cortex, while reduces p‐tau ser396&404, CDK5, cathepsin B, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in hippocampus. Trehalose elevates p‐GSK3β ser9, induces TFEB nuclear translocation, consequently reverses AGE‐BSA‐induced tau phosphorylation in vitro.ConclusionsFemale mice are more susceptible to the deleterious effects of dAGEs on cognitive function, which may be owing to its regulation on ERβ. Trehalose can strongly reverse dAGEs‐induced tau phosphorylation by potentiating TFEB nuclear translocation via inhibiting GSK‐3β.
Increasing Post‐Digestive Solubility of Curcumin Is the Most Successful Strategy to Improve its Oral Bioavailability: A Randomized Cross‐Over Trial in Healthy Adults and In Vitro Bioaccessibility Experiments
Authors: Flory Sandra , Sus Nadine , Haas Kathrin , Jehle Sina , Kienhöfer Eva , Waehler Reinhard , Adler Günther , Venturelli Sascha , Frank Jan 
Published: October 2021

ScopeDifferent mechanistic approaches to improve the low oral bioavailability of curcumin have been developed, but not yet directly compared in humans.Methods and ResultsIn a randomized, double‐blind, cross‐over trial with 12 healthy adults, the 24 h pharmacokinetics of a single dose of 207 mg curcumin is compared from the following formulations: native, liposomes, with turmeric oils, with adjuvants (including piperine), submicron‐particles, phytosomes, γ‐cyclodextrin complexes, and micelles. No free, but only conjugated curcumin is detected in all subjects. Compared to native curcumin, a significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration–time curve is observed for micellar curcumin (57‐fold) and the curcumin‐γ‐cyclodextrin complex (30‐fold) only. In vitro digestive stability, solubility, and micellization efficiency of micellar curcumin (100%, 80%, and 55%) and curcumin‐γ‐cyclodextrin complex (73%, 33%, and 23%) are higher compared to all other formulations (<72%, <8%, and <4%). The transport efficiencies through Caco‐2 cell monolayers of curcumin from the digested mixed‐micellar fractions did not differ significantly.ConclusionThe improved oral bioavailability of micellar curcumin, and to a lesser extent of γ‐cyclodextrin curcumin complexes, appears to be facilitated by increased post‐digestive stability and solubility, whereas strategies targeting post‐absorptive processes, including inhibition of biotransformation, appear ineffective.
Optimal subsidy design for shore power usage in ship berthing operations
Authors: Wang Shuaian , Qi Jingwen , Laporte Gilbert 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMaritime transportation is the backbone of international trade but ships emit a large amount of air pollutants at ports. To encourage ships to use clean energy while berthing at port, subsidies are provided to ship operators that use clean energy and the subsidy amount is generally determined based on subjective judgment. We, therefore, examine the optimal subsidy design for government‐operated ports, aiming at balancing the environmental benefits and subsidy expenses. Considering the uncertainty of energy requirements by ships, we build a stochastic optimization model. Taking advantage of the problem structure, we convert the model into a deterministic one by applying sample average approximation and a binomial distribution. The model is then linearized and solved by CPLEX. A series of numerical experiments with realistic parameters are conducted to validate the model and useful managerial insights are obtained.
Viscoelastic and cyclic compaction response of prepregs tested under isothermal temperatures and various compaction speeds
Authors: Naresh Kakur , Khan Kamran Ahmed , Cantwell Wesley James , Umer Rehan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractViscoelastic compaction/relaxation and cyclic compaction studies of uncured prepregs are of importance to understand the process parameters, such as mold closing forces and speed and the clamping force required to maintain a given thickness during molding, and so forth, for many composites manufacturing processes, including compression molding. In this study, viscoelastic compaction/relaxation, and multi‐cycle‐compaction tests were performed on uncured glass/epoxy prepreg specimens at elevated temperatures and variable compaction speeds up to a target fiber volume fraction of 0.65. At low temperatures, the relaxation process was found to be less sensitive to compaction speed. At lower compaction speeds (e.g., 0.1 mm/min) and elevated temperatures, such as 90°C, higher maximum stresses, and resin bleed out were observed as compared to a relatively faster compaction speed of 1 mm/min. Specimens tested under multi‐cyclic‐compaction exhibited a lower final thickness, owing to cyclic hysteresis, which caused increased fiber nesting compared to that observed in stress relaxation tests. As a result, the percentage of permanent deformation is higher in the former case than in the viscoelastic compaction/relaxation tests. An investigation of the microstructure through X‐ray computed tomography aided voxel models of the cured specimens confirmed nesting of the fiber tows. Moreover, at a compaction speed of 0.1 mm/min, a decrease in thickness and an elongation of void sizes were also observed as the temperature increased.
Outcomes of laparoscopy‐assisted fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for twin–twin transfusion syndrome: An established alternative for inaccessible anterior placenta
Authors: Krispin Eyal , Nassr Ahmed A. , Espinoza Jimmy , Donepudi Roopali , Sun Raphael C. , Sanz‐Cortes Magda , Mostafaei Shayan , Belfort Michael A. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate laparoscopy‐assisted fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLPC) of placental anastomoses in the treatment of twin‐to‐twin‐transfusion syndrome (TTTS).Study DesignWe performed a retrospective cohort study analyzing pregnancies complicated by TTTS who underwent FLPC in a single university‐affiliated tertiary medical‐center. Outcomes were compared between patients who received laparoscopy‐assisted FLPC (study group) and patients who underwent the conventional FLPC technique (control group). Baseline characteristics, sonographic findings, procedure details, and neonatal outcomes were compared between groups.ResultsThe cohort included 278 women with 31 in the study group and 247 in the control group. Sonographic parameters, including fetal biometry and TTTS stage, were comparable between study groups. Gestational age at delivery did not differ between the groups (29.22 ± 4.55 weeks in the study group vs. 30.62 ± 4.3 weeks in the control group, p = 0.09). There were no differences in neonatal survival rates at birth and at 30 days between both groups. A subanalysis comparing the laparoscopy‐assisted group to only those patients with anterior placenta in the control group, showed a lower rate of incomplete Solomonization in the laparoscopy‐assisted study group (3.4% vs. 33%, p = 0.01).ConclusionLaparoscopy‐assisted FLPC is a reasonable and safe option that may be offered in cases of FLPC where an anterior placenta restricts adequate surgical access.
Reverse chemical ecology guides the screening for Grapholita molesta pheromone synergists
Authors: Liu Jiyuan , Zhou Tong , Li Chaoxia , Li Ruichi , Ye Xuan , Tian Zhen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPheromone‐based management is a leading nonpesticidal strategy among integrated pest management options. Improving the potency of pheromone products by adding synergists would be a practical way to popularize pheromone‐based management as well as to reduce pesticide use.RESULTSUsing reverse chemical ecology, synergists for Grapholita molesta sex pheromone were screened. Combined molecular docking and in vitro binding assay led to the determination of four potentially active odorants showing high affinity to G. molesta pheromone binding protein 2 (GmolPBP2). Thereafter, the high affinity between Codlemone and GmolPBP2 was further verified by exploration of GmolPBP2–Codlemone interactions. As the only sex pheromone synergist validated by both laboratory behavioral tests and field trapping, Codlemone was used to optimize commercial sex attractants currently used in G. molesta control. The recommended formulation [(Z)‐8‐dodecenyl acetate:(E)‐8‐dodecenyl acetate:Codlemone = 95:4:10] was found to trap about five to six times more G. molesta adults than the commercial sex attractant [(Z)‐8‐dodecenyl acetate:(E)‐8‐dodecenyl acetate: (Z)‐8‐dodecenol = 95:4:1].CONCLUSIONCodlemone is an excellent pheromone synergist that can be potentially sensed by GmolPBP2, which can remarkably improve the potency of G. molesta sex attractants. It is believed that the introduction of reverse chemical ecology would increase the chance of discovering pheromone synergists, promoting the development of more efficacious pheromone products that can be used in controlling G. molesta and beyond. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Grid resolution dependency of land surface heterogeneity effects on boundary‐layer structure
Authors: Poll S. , Shrestha P. , Simmer C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLand surface heterogeneity exerts a strong control on atmospheric boundary‐layer (ABL) evolution by spatially varying the distribution and partitioning of surface energy fluxes and triggering secondary circulations. The representation of this physical process in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models is especially affected in the terra incognita as the model grid resolution approaches the length‐scale of the largest eddies in the boundary layer. We explore these effects for a mesoscale strip‐like land surface inhomogeneity in land cover, soil moisture or a superposition of both embedded in an elsewhere homogeneous landscape. The study is conducted with the numerical weather prediction model ICON (ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic), using the default operational level 2.5 Mellor–Yamada turbulence closure (MY) and a large‐eddy simulation (LES) configuration as a benchmark. While simulations with the default ABL scheme approach the LES reference when refining the spatial grid towards finer resolution, the model generates artificial circulations leading to ABL height oscillations when the horizontal grid resolution approaches the ABL height . The effect of these model‐induced circulations on the state of the boundary layer is even present with weak thermal heterogeneity under low background wind speed ( but diminishes with increasing background wind speed. The tuning of the asymptotic turbulent mixing length‐scale in the operational ABL scheme helps in reducing the amplitude of the oscillations, thereby reducing the artificially induced circulations due to thermal heterogeneity which might act as unintentional trigger for clouds and precipitation. Based on the tuned synthetic model data from sensitivity runs, we propose a new parametrization for a 2‐D as a function of , and , which is otherwise held as a constant in the ABL scheme.
X‐Ray Spectromicroscopy Investigation of Heterogeneous Sodiation in Hard Carbon Nanosheets with Vertically Oriented (002) Planes
Authors: Tan Xuehai , Jiang Keren , Zhai Shengli , Zhou Jigang , Wang Jian , Cadien Ken , Li Zhi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHard carbon (HC) is a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries, but the performance remains unsatisfactory and the sodiation mechanism in HC is one of the most debated topics. Here, from self‐assembled cellulose nanocrystal sheets with crystallographic texture, unique HC nanosheets with vertically oriented (002) planes are fabricated and used as a model HC to investigate the sodiation mechanisms using synchrotron scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) coupled with analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The model HC simplifies the 3D sodiation in a typical HC particle into a 2D sodiation, which facilitates the visualization of phase transformation at different states of charge. The results for the first time unveil that the sodiation in HC initiates heterogeneously, with multiple propagation fronts proceeding simultaneously, eventually merging into larger aggregates. The spatial correlation between the preferential adsorption and nucleation sites suggests that the heterogeneous nucleation is driven by the local Na‐ion concentration, which is determined by defects or heteroatoms that have strong binding to Na ions. By identifying intercalation as the dominant sodium storage mechanism in the model HC, the findings highlight the importance of engineering the graphene layer orientation and the structural heterogeneity of edge sites to enhance the performances.
Constructing 3D Interconnected Si/SiOx/C Nanorings from Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane
Authors: Lin Xieji , Chen Xinjian , Zhang Fan , Dong Yue , Chen Xiaohong , Li Ang , Song Huaihe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is a family of organic/inorganic hybrid materials with specific molecular symmetry, and shows great potential in the structural design of nanomaterials. Here, a “bottom‐up” strategy is designed to fabricate 3D interconnected Si/SiOx/C nanorings (NRs) via AlCl3‐assisted aluminothermic reduction using dodecaphenyl cage silsesquioxane (T12‐Ph) as the building block. In this process, AlCl3 acts as both a liquid medium for reduction, and significantly as the catalyst to the cross‐linking of phenyl groups in T12‐Ph. The obtained Si/SiOx/C NRs exhibits uniform diameter of ≈165 nm and well distribution of C and Si elements. The unique ring‐like structure of Si/SiOx/C NRs makes it have great application potential in the field of lithium ion batteries. Notably, Si/SiOx/C NRs exhibits superior high‐rate capacity and good cycle stability when used as anode for LIBs. More excitingly, Si/SiOx/C NRs can deliver a high reversible capacity of 517.9 mA h g−1 at ultra‐low temperature of −70 °C, and the capacity retention as high as ≈50% of that at 25 °C. This work not only broadens structural design of carbon‐based nanomaterials but also provides more possibilities for the application of POSS.
Bimetallic‐MOF‐Derived Amorphous Zinc/Cobalt–Iron‐Based Hollow Nanowall Arrays via Ion Exchange for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Gu Zhengxiang , Wei Xuelian , Zhang Xiaoqin , Duan Zhengyu , Gu Zhongwei , Gong Qiyong , Luo Kui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for optimizing renewable energy systems, including metal–air batteries and water electrolysis. One major challenge for OER is to develop durable and cost‐effective electrocatalysts with high catalytic performance. Herein, a controllable ion‐exchange method to synthesize amorphous zinc/cobalt–iron hydroxide‐based hollow nanowall arrays (A‐Zn/Co–Fe HNAs) derived from bimetallic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) on carbon cloth is reported. The amorphous characteristic enables the presented materials with more electrocatalytic sites and short diffusion paths for rapid access to the electrolyte, achieving efficient charge transfer for OER. The optimized nanostructure of A‐Zn/Co–Fe HNAs via tuning the amount of iron sulfate in the reaction solution delivers a low overpotential of 226 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a small Tafel slope of 37.81 mV dec−1 while exhibiting high durability at varied current densities over 80 h. The remarkable electrochemical performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect from chemical elements of Zn, Co–Fe, and a robust hollow structure. This simple method of fabricating bimetallic‐MOF‐derived amorphous Zn/Co–Fe HNAs on carbon cloth can be applied as a practical platform for other OER electrocatalysts.
Long non‐coding RNA LINC00514 promotes the proliferation and invasion through the miR‐708‐5p/HOXB3 axis in cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiaoying , Shen Xin , Zhang Jing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00514 is a cancer‐related lncRNA that has been proven to be implicated in the progression of several cancers. However, the biological function of LINC00514 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to identify the LINC00514 expression profile in CSCC and determine its exact mechanism. Our results showed that the expression of LINC00514 was up‐regulated in human CSCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of LINC00514 significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of CSCC cells, as well as suppressed tumorigenesis of CSCC in vivo. In addition, LINC00514 was found to work as a miRNA sponge for miR‐708‐5p and suppressed the expression of miR‐708‐5p in CSCC cells. Homeobox B3 (HOXB3) was found to be a target gene of miR‐708‐5p. Rescue assays demonstrated that miR‐708‐5p inhibitor attenuated the effects of LINC00514 knockdown on cell proliferation and invasion in CSCC cells. In addition, overexpression of HOXB3 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR‐708‐5p mimics on cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, our findings for the first time elucidated that lncRNA LINC00514 promotes the proliferation and invasion through the miR‐708‐5p/HOXB3 axis in CSCC. Thus, LINC00514/miR‐708‐5p/HOXB3 axis might be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of CSCC.
Involvement of miRNAs in response to oxidative stress induced by the steroidal glycoalkaloid α‐solanine in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Gouhar Shaimaa A. , Abo‐elfadl Mahmoud T. , Gamal‐Eldeen Amira M. , El‐Daly Sherien M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundα‐Solanine is a natural toxic glycoalkaloid produced in some species of the Solanaceae family with antiproliferative activity in various cancers.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of α‐solanine on the oxidative stress status in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and to evaluate its influence on microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with oxidative stress and NF‐κB regulation.MethodsThe prooxidant effect of α‐solanine was tested by the decay rate of the fluorescent probe, β‐phycoerythrin, and by measuring malondialdehyde, reduced Glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase following treatment of HepG2 cells with low doses of α‐solanine. Immunocytochemical techniques were used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and NF‐κB protein. The gene expression of NF‐κB and miRNAs was evaluated by real‐time PCR.Resultsα‐Solanine is a prooxidant that causes a rapid decay in the fluorescence intensity of β‐phycoerythrin. It induces oxidative stress‐related alterations such as increased lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant markers. Oxidative stress induced by α‐solanine was mediated by decreased ΔΨm, increased NF‐κB expression, upregulation of miRNAs that control oxidative stress by regulating the NF‐κB pathway, and downregulation of oncogenic miRNAs that inhibit the NF‐κB pathway.Conclusionα‐Solanine‐induced oxidative stress is mediated by alterations in the NF‐κB pathway with a detected crosstalk between α‐solanine treatment and the expression of oxidative stress‐responsive miRNAs.
Gastrointestinal bleeding and endoscopic findings in critically and non‐critically ill patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): Results from Lean European Open Survey on SARS‐CoV‐2 (LEOSS) and COKA registries
Authors: Zellmer Stephan , Hanses Frank , Muzalyova Anna , Classen Johanna , Braun Georg , Piepel Christiane , Erber Johanna , Pilgram Lisa , Walter Lorenz , Göpel Siri , Wille Kai , Hower Martin , Rüthrich Maria Madeleine , Rupp Jan , Degenhardt Christian , Voigt Ingo , Borgmann Stefan , Stecher Melanie , Jakob Carolin , Dhillon Christine , Messmann Helmut , Ebigbo Alanna , Römmele Christoph ,   the LEOSS study group
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCorona virus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients are at increased risk for thromboembolic events. It is unclear whether the risk for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is also increased.MethodsWe considered 4128 COVID‐19 patients enrolled in the Lean European Open Survey on SARS‐CoV‐2 (LEOSS) registry. The association between occurrence of GI bleeding and comorbidities as well as medication were examined. In addition, 1216 patients from COKA registry were analyzed focusing on endoscopy diagnostic findings.ResultsA cumulative number of 97 patients (1.8%) with GI bleeding were identified in the LEOSS registry and COKA registry. Of 4128 patients from the LEOSS registry, 66 patients (1.6%) had a GI bleeding. The rate of GI bleeding in patients with intensive care unit (ICU) admission was 4.5%. The use of therapeutic dose of anticoagulants showed a significant association with the increased incidence of bleeding in the critical phase of disease. The Charlson comorbidity index and the COVID‐19 severity index were significantly higher in the group of patients with GI bleeding than in the group of patients without GI bleeding (5.83 (SD = 2.93) vs. 3.66 (SD = 3.06), p < 0.01 and 3.26 (SD = 1.69) vs. 2.33 (SD = 1.53), p < 0.01, respectively). In the COKA registry 31 patients (2.5%) developed a GI bleeding. Of these, the source of bleeding was identified in upper GI tract in 21 patients (67.7%) with ulcer as the most frequent bleeding source (25.8%, n = 8) followed by gastroesophageal reflux (16.1%, n = 5). In three patients (9.7%) GI bleeding source was located in lower GI tract caused mainly by diverticular bleeding (6.5%, n = 2). In seven patients (22.6%) the bleeding localization remained unknown.ConclusionConsistent with previous research, comorbidities and disease severity correlate with the incidence of GI bleeding. Also, therapeutic anticoagulation seems to be associated with a higher risk of GI bleeding. Overall, the risk of GI bleeding seems not to be increased in COVID‐19 patients.