bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cryosurgical Ablation for Treatment of Rhinitis: Two‐Year Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Ow Randall A. , O'Malley Ellen M. , Han Joseph K. , Lam Kent K. , Yen David M. 
Published: February 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the long‐term (12–24 months) safety and effectiveness of cryoablation of the posterior nasal nerve as treatment for chronic rhinitis.Study DesignA multicenter, prospective, single‐arm clinical study.MethodsThe study was conducted from February 2017 to April 2020. Study endpoints included change from baseline in the reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), physician assessment of improvement using the Clinical Global Impression–Improvement (CGI–I), and the incidence of treatment‐related adverse events.ResultsNinety‐one participants completed the study through the initial 12‐month study period. Sixty‐two participants consented to the long‐term follow‐up with 57 completing the 24‐month follow‐up. Significant improvements in the total rTNSS were reflected in a median change from baseline of −3.0 or −4.0 at all timepoints (P < .001). Greater than 80.0% of participants achieved the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of improvement by ≥1 point on the rTNSS at all follow‐ups. Total RQLQ scores indicated significant improvement (P < .0001) in quality of life. Over 77% of participants achieved the MCID (≥0.5 points) for the total RQLQ score. According to the CGI–I, ≥83.0% experienced improvement at all but the 12‐month visit (61.9%). One participant experienced two treatment‐related serious adverse events (epistaxis and retained pledget). A total of 29 nonserious treatment‐related AEs were reported in 23 participants; most events were transient and resolved with little to no intervention.ConclusionsCryotherapy significantly and clinically improves rhinitis symptoms and quality of life with outcomes that are durable through 24 months after treatment.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:1952–1957, 2021
Highly Thermal‐Resistant and Biodegradable Textile Sizes from Glycols Modified Soy Proteins for Remediation of Textile Effluents
Authors: Xing Bin , Xu Xiaoyun , Hu Wenfeng , Ni Ruiyan , Zhao Yi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sizes are widely used in textile industry due to their excellent sizing properties on synthetic fibers and their blends. However, PVA contains non‐biodegradable chemicals and is a major contributor to environmental pollution related to the textile industry. To overcome this problem, an environmental‐benign and highly thermal‐resistant yarn coating is fabricated from soy proteins, an agricultural byproduct. The soy proteins are chemically modified by glycols having varying chain lengths and number of hydroxyl groups. Compared with the physically modified soy proteins and their sized yarns, coating made from the soy proteins esterified by 1,4‐butanediol show 91.38% increment in work of rupture at 120 °C and cotton/polyester (65/35) yarns sized by 1,4‐butanediol esterified soy protein sizes have 39.91% decrease in coefficient of friction. In addition, 1,4‐butanediol esterified soy sizes have a five‐day biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand of 0.476, indicating that the chemically modified soy sizes have high biodegradability in activated sludge. Successful utilization of modified soy sizes can promote large‐quantity applications of soy byproducts, impelling high value addition to agricultural byproducts and sustainability of textile industry.
Proton Conductive Membranes from Covalently Cross‐Linked Poly(Acrylate)/Silica Interpenetrating Networks
Authors: Zhyhailo Mariia , Horechyy Andriy , Meier‐Haack Jochen , Formanek Petr , Malanin Mikhail , Arnhold Kerstin , Schneider Konrad , Yevchuk Iryna , Fery Andreas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe preparation of hybrid proton conductive membranes that comprise of covalently linked interpenetrating polymer and inorganic networks is reported. The hybrid membranes are synthesized via simultaneous photo‐initiated polymerization and sol–gel processing. The simultaneous processing permeates fabrication of the membranes that comprises covalently cross‐linked polymeric and inorganic networks. The membranes are characterized by attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scaning electron microsopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, in order to confirm their chemical composition, structure, and morphology. An addition of 3‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane into the sol–gel composition allows the formation of covalent linkages between polymeric and inorganic networks, which facilitates a uniform distribution of the molecular components across the fabricated membranes. The incorporation of the silica network leads to an increase in water retention and proton conductivity of hybrid membranes as compared to their purely polymeric analogues.
End‐Pulled Translocation of a Star Polymer Out of a Confining Cylindrical Cavity
Authors: Tilahun Mesay , Tatek Yergou B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA Langevin dynamics computer simulation is carried out to study the translocation of a single homogeneous star polymer out of a cylindrical cavity connected to a membrane wall with a circular nanopore along the tube axis. The ejection process is driven through an external pulling force applied on the free end monomer of the chain leading arm. The results show that, for a given chain mass and for relatively narrow pores, the mean translocation time 〈τ〉 exhibits a non‐monotonic dependence on the chain functionality f with the existence of a minimum at a critical functionality that defines a boundary between two distinct translocation regimes. Moreover, for a given functionality, the variations of the mean translocation time with respect to the chain mass and the magnitude of the pulling force respectively, are both found to follow a power law relationship. Finally, it has been demonstrated that the translocation dynamics can be significantly altered by changing the confining tube dimensions, with the existence of an optimal tube aspect ratio that minimizes the chain mean translocation time 〈τ〉.
Profiling the Biochemical Signature of GBA‐Related Parkinson's Disease in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Avenali Micol , Cerri Silvia , Ongari Gerardo , Ghezzi Cristina , Pacchetti Claudio , Tassorelli Cristina , Valente Enza Maria , Blandini Fabio 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBackground
GBA mutations are the commonest genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and also impact disease progression.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to define a biochemical profile that could distinguish GBA‐PD from non‐mutated PD.Methods29 GBA‐PD, 37 non‐mutated PD, and 40 controls were recruited; α‐synuclein levels in plasma, exosomes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed, GCase and main GCase‐related lysosomal proteins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured.ResultsAssessment of plasma and exosomal α‐synuclein levels did not allow differentiation between GBA‐PD and non‐mutated PD; conversely, measurements in peripheral blood mononuclear cells clearly distinguished GBA‐PD from non‐mutated PD, with the former group showing significantly higher α‐synuclein levels, lower GCase activity, higher LIMP‐2, and lower Saposin C levels.ConclusionWe propose peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an easily accessible and manageable model to provide a distinctive biochemical profile of GBA‐PD, potentially useful for patient stratification or selection in clinical trials. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Make a Left Turn: Cortico‐Striatal Circuitry Mediating the Attentional Control of Complex Movements
Authors: Sarter Martin , Avila Cassandra , Kucinski Aaron , Donovan Eryn 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), cholinergic signaling is disrupted by the loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, as well as aberrant activity in striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs). Several lines of evidence suggest that gait imbalance, a key disabling symptom of PD, may be driven by alterations in high‐level frontal cortical and cortico‐striatal processing more typically associated with cognitive dysfunction.MethodsHere we describe the corticostriatal circuitry that mediates the cognitive–motor interactions underlying such complex movement control. The ability to navigate dynamic, obstacle‐rich environments requires the continuous integration of information about the environment with movement selection and sequencing. The cortical‐attentional processing of extero‐ and interoceptive cues requires modulation by cholinergic activity to guide striatal movement control. Cue‐derived information is “transferred” to striatal circuitry primarily via fronto‐striatal glutamatergic projections.ResultEvidence from parkinsonian fallers and from a rodent model reproducing the dual cholinergic–dopaminergic losses observed in these patients supports the main hypotheses derived from this neuronal circuitry‐guided conceptualization of parkinsonian falls. Furthermore, in the striatum, ChIs constitute a particularly critical node for the integration of cortical with midbrain dopaminergic afferents and thus for cues to control movements.ConclusionProcholinergic treatments that enhance or rescue cortical and striatal mechanisms may improve complex movement control in parkinsonian fallers and perhaps also in older persons suffering from gait disorders and a propensity for falls. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Tailoring the strength and number of halogen bonds toward room temperature phosphorescent micro‐cocrystals
Authors: Yu Panpan , Li Yang , Zhen Yonggang , Dong Huanli , Hu Wenping 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOrganic room temperature phosphorescent materials are very limited to date. Halogen bonding interactions not only promote the intersystem crossing process, but also act as cement and dilute solution, preventing the aggregation induced quenching. Herein, four cocrystals using phenazine (PhZ) as halogen‐bonded acceptor and 1,2,4,5‐tetrabromo‐3,6‐diiodobenzene (BrFB) or 1,2,4,5‐tetrafluoro‐3,6‐diiodobenzene (IFB) as halogen‐bonded donor have been successfully synthesized in definite stoichiometric ratio (PhZ : XFB = 1:1 and 2:1) through simple solvent evaporation method. Among the four cocrystals, the halogen bonding interactions play an important role in assembling properties and the large red spots on Hirshfeld surface imply the strong strength. Notably, the IFB‐PhZ cocrystals exhibit a phosphorescence emission at peak of 733 nm with a lifetime up to 159 µs. The results further suggest the importance of the strength and number of halogen bonds to design organic room temperature phosphorescent materials.
Real-World Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, Health Care Resource Use, and Costs of Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the U.S
Authors: Yang Xiaoqin , Laliberté François , Germain Guillaume , Raut Monika , Duh Mei Sheng , Sen Shuvayu S. , Lejeune Dominique , Desai Kaushal , Armand Philippe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the U.S., but current real-world data are limited. This study was conducted to describe real-world characteristics, treatment patterns, health care resource utilization (HRU), and health care costs of patients with treated DLBCL in the U.S.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart database (January 2013 to March 2018). Patients with an International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis for DLBCL after October 2015 and no prior International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis for unspecified DLBCL or primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma were classified as incident; those with such codes were classified as prevalent. An adapted algorithm identified lines of therapy (e.g., first line [1L]). All-cause HRU and costs were calculated per-patient-per-year (PPPY) among patients with a ≥1L.

Results
Among 1,877 incident and 651 prevalent patients with ≥1L, median age was 72 years and 46% were female. Among incident patients, 22.6% had at least two lines (2L), whereas 38.4% of prevalent patients had ≥2L. The most frequent 1L therapy was rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). Incident patients had 1.3 inpatient and 42.0 outpatient (OP) visits PPPY, whereas prevalent patients had 0.8 and 31.3 visits PPPY, respectively. Total costs were $137,156 and $81,669 PPPY for incident and prevalent patients, respectively. OP costs were the main driver of total costs at $88,202 PPPY, which were higher within the first year.

Conclusion
This study showed that a large portion of patients require additional therapy after 1L treatment to manage DLBCL and highlighted the substantial economic burden of patients with DLBCL, particularly within the first year following diagnosis.

Implications for Practice
Patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) carry a substantial clinical and economic burden. A large portion of these patients require additional therapy beyond first-line treatment. There is significant unmet need among patients with DLBCL who require additional therapy beyond first-line treatment. Patients who do not respond to first-line therapy and are not eligible for transplants have very high health care resource utilization and costs, especially in the first 12 months following initiation of treatment.
A New ‘Hera’ in Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Preda Fabrizio , Perri Antonio , Polli Dario 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHera Iperspettrale is a novel hyperspectral camera based on a patented Fourier‐transform approach. The device can be employed in a large variety of applications, ranging from cultural heritage to biology, from material sorting and food inspection to remote sensing and vegetation studies. The exceptional throughput of the optical system ensures high‐quality data even at the lowest light dose, making the camera very suitable for fluorescence hyper‐spectral imaging.
MIR Spectroscopy: The Medical Diagnosis Swiss Knife?
Authors: Tariel Hugues , Sire Olivier 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFor more than two decades, mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy appeared a promising method for fast medical diagnostics. However, some material limitations slowed down its development until the past five years. Now, the first CE‐marked diagnosis solutions are coming onto the market and the future of this technology as a near‐patient fast screening test looks bright.
Application of spectral library prediction for parallel reaction monitoring of viral peptides
Authors: Grossegesse Marica , Nitsche Andreas , Schaade Lars , Doellinger Joerg 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA major part of the analysis of parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) data is the comparison of observed fragment ion intensities to a library spectrum. Classically, these libraries are generated by data‐dependent acquisition (DDA). Here, we test Prosit, a published deep neural network algorithm, for its applicability in predicting spectral libraries for PRM. For this purpose, we targeted 1529 precursors derived from synthetic viral peptides and analyzed the data with Prosit and DDA‐derived libraries. Viral peptides were chosen as an example, because virology is an area where in silico library generation could significantly improve PRM assay design. With both libraries a total of 1174 precursors were identified. Notably, compared to the DDA‐derived library, we could identify 101 more precursors by using the Prosit‐derived library. Additionally, we show that Prosit can be applied to predict tandem mass spectra of synthetic viral peptides with different collision energies. Finally, we used a spectral library predicted by Prosit and a DDA library to identify SARS‐CoV‐2 peptides from a simulated oropharyngeal swab demonstrating that both libraries are suited for peptide identification by PRM. Summarized, Prosit‐derived viral spectral libraries predicted in silico can be used for PRM data analysis, making DDA analysis for library generation partially redundant in the future.
Toward predictive permeabilities: Experimental measurements and multiscale simulation of methanol transport in Nafion
Authors: Soniat Marielle , Dischinger Sarah M. , Weng Lien‐Chun , Martinez Beltran Hajhayra , Weber Adam Z. , Miller Daniel J. , Houle Frances A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA polymer membrane's permeability to solutes determines its suitability for various applications: a permeability value is essential for predicting performance in diverse contexts. Using aqueous methanol permeation through Nafion as an example, we describe a methodology for determining membrane permeability that accounts for boundary layer effects and the possibility of swelling. For the materials and apparatus used herein, analysis of a permeance measurement and computational fluid dynamics simulations show that the mass transfer boundary layer is on the order of ones to tens of microns. The data are used to develop and validate a multiscale model describing solute permeation through a hydrated membrane as a series of physical mechanistic steps: reversible adsorption from solution at the membrane interface, diffusion driven by a concentration gradient within the membrane, and reversible desorption into solution at the opposite membrane interface. The validated model is used to predict methanol transport across a solar‐driven CO2reduction device and to assess the impact of polymer changes on the measured value. The approach of combining experimental data, computational fluid dynamics, and the mechanistic multiscale model is expected to provide more accurate analysis of membrane permeation data in cases with polymer swelling or unusual device geometries, among others.
Specific arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal–plant interactions determine radionuclide and metal transfer into Plantago lanceolata
Authors: Rosas‐Moreno Jeanette , Pittman Jon K. , Robinson Clare H. 
Published: February 2021

Societal Impact StatementIndustrial activity has left a legacy of pollution by radionuclides and heavy metals. The exposure of terrestrial environments to increased levels of ionising radiation and toxic elements is of concern, not only because of the immediate effects to biota but also because of the potential risk of mobilisation into higher levels of a food chain. Here, we present a study that extends our knowledge of how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to the mobilisation of non‐essential elements in environments such as former mine sites, and provides a perspective that will be of interest for the management and remediation of such sites.Summary

Accumulation and transfer of long‐lived radionuclides and toxic metals in terrestrial environments is of major concern because of potential mobilisation into food chains. In this study, we aimed to compare the role of four different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) cultures on the transfer of non‐essential elements into Plantago lanceolata from a naturally contaminated soil source.
Soil from an abandoned uranium (238U) mine was collected as a natural source of 238U, thorium (232Th), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb). P. lanceolata was inoculated with four AMF cultures (Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM181602, Acaulospora longula BEG8, Scutellospora calospora BEG245 and Funneliformis mosseae BEG12) to compare the uptake and transfer from root to shoot. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectroscopy and ICP‐absorption emission spectroscopy analyses provided quantification of total elemental concentrations in soil and plant tissues.
Two of the AMF cultures, A. longula and F. mosseae, had contrasting roles in toxic element partitioning in plant tissue of P. lanceolata. F. mosseae increased the accumulation of 238U, 232Th, Pb, As and Cu in shoots whereas A. longula induced increased partitioning of 232Th, Ca, Fe and Zn in roots. The inoculation treatments and the differential accumulation of these elements had no significant effect on plant biomass.
The use of different AMF cultures in enhancing phytoremediation of contaminated environments requires a wider understanding of the contribution of different AMF cultures to non‐essential element acquisition as well as to plant nutrition.
A novel step‐down infusion method of barbiturate therapy: Its safety and effectiveness for intracranial pressure control
Authors: Yamakawa Yukako , Morioka Motohiro , Negoto Tetsuya , Orito Kimihiko , Yoshitomi Munetake , Nakamura Yukihiko , Takeshige Nobuyuki , Yamamoto Masafumi , Takeuchi Yasuharu , Oda Kazutaka , Jono Hirofumi , Saito Hideyuki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntracranial pressure (ICP) has to be maintained quite constant, because increased ICP caused by cerebrovascular disease and head trauma is fatal. Although controlling ICP is clinically critical, only few therapeutic methods are currently available. Barbiturates, a group of sedative‐hypnotic drugs, are recognized as secondary treatment for controlling ICP. We proposed a novel “step‐down infusion” method, administrating barbiturate (thiamylal) after different time point from the start of treatment under normothermia, at doses of 3.0 (0–24 h), 2.0 (24–48 h), 1.5 (48–72 h), and 1.0 mg/kg/h (72–96 h), and evaluated its safety and effectiveness in clinical. In 22 patients with severe traumatic brain injury or severe cerebrovascular disease (Glasgow coma scale ≤8), thiamylal concentrations and ICP were monitored. The step‐down infusion method under normothermia maintained stable thiamylal concentrations (<26.1 µg/ml) without any abnormal accumulation/elevation, and could successfully keep ICP <20 mmHg (targeted management value: ICP <20 mmHg) in all patients. Moreover the mean value of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) was also maintained over 65 mmHg during all time course (targeted management value: CPP >65 mmHg), and no threatening changes in serum potassium or any hemodynamic instability were observed. Our novel “step‐down infusion” method under normothermia enabled to maintain stable, safe thiamylal concentrations to ensure both ICP reduction and CPP maintenance without any serious side effects, may provide a novel and clinically effective treatment option for patients with increased ICP.