bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two–three parameters isotherm modeling, kinetics with statistical validity, desorption and thermodynamic studies of adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto zerovalent iron nanoparticles
Authors: Dada Adewumi O. , Adekola Folahan A. , Odebunmi Ezekiel O. , Ogunlaja Adeniyi S. , Bello Olugbenga S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAdsorption of problematic copper ions as one of the endocrine disruptive substances from aqueous solution onto nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) was studied. The high pore size 186.9268 Å, pore diameter 240.753 Å, and BET surface area 20.8643 m2 g−1 and pH(pzc) enlisted nZVI as an efficient nano-adsorbent for treatment of heavy metals from synthetic wastewater. SEM and EDX revealed the morphology and elemental distribution before and after adsorption. 98.31% removal efficiency was achieved at optimum adsorption operational parameters. Of all the thirteen isotherm models, equilibrium data were well fitted to Langmuir. Kinetics and mechanism data across the concentrations from 10 to 200 mg L−1 were analyzed by ten models. PSO best described kinetics data as confirmed by various statistical error validity models. The intraparticle diffusion model described that the intraparticle diffusion was not the only rate-limiting step. The adsorption mechanism was diffusion governed established by Bangham and Boyd models. Feasible, spontaneous, endothermic, and degree of randomness were reveal by the thermodynamic studies. Better desorption index and efficiency were obtained using HCl suggesting multiple mechanism processes. The performance of ZVI suggested it has a great potential for effective removal of endocrine disruptive cationic contaminant from wastewater.
Von Karman rotating nanofluid flow with modified Fourier law and variable characteristics in liquid and gas scenarios
Authors: Ramzan Muhammad , Gul Hina , Mursaleen M. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Jamshed Wasim , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis investigation aims to explore the temperature-dependent variable characteristics of viscosity, and thermal conductivity with modified Fourier law in a nanofluid flow over a rotating disk. The uniqueness of the envisioned mathematical model is improved with the additional impacts of the chemical reaction, non-uniform source/sink, and convective boundaries. The salient feature of the existing problem is to discuss the whole scenario with liquid and gas thermo-physical characteristics. The graphical depiction is attained for arising pertinent parameter is attained by using Bvp4c a built-in MATLAB function. The visco-thermal conduct of the gases and liquids is examined by observing the mean flow and thermal distributions for the convectively heated disk. It is followed that liquid behaves more viscous with an increase in temperature in of the gas, but an opposing tendency can be seen for the liquid. The attained results are verified when compared with a published result.
A Robust Machine Learning Based Framework for the Automated Detection of ADHD Using Pupillometric Biomarkers and Time Series Analysis
Authors: Das William , Khanna Shubh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAccurate and efficient detection of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is critical to ensure proper treatment for affected individuals. Current clinical examinations, however, are inefficient and prone to misdiagnosis, as they rely on qualitative observations of perceived behavior. We propose a robust machine learning based framework that analyzes pupil-size dynamics as an objective biomarker for the automated detection of ADHD. Our framework integrates a comprehensive pupillometric feature engineering and visualization pipeline with state-of-the-art binary classification algorithms and univariate feature selection. The support vector machine classifier achieved an average 85.6% area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC), 77.3% sensitivity, and 75.3% specificity using ten-fold nested cross-validation (CV) on a declassified dataset of 50 patients. 218 of the 783 engineered features, including fourier transform metrics, absolute energy, consecutive quantile changes, approximate entropy, aggregated linear trends, as well as pupil-size dilation velocity, were found to be statistically significant differentiators (p < 0.05), and provide novel behavioral insights into associations between pupil-size dynamics and the presence of ADHD. Despite a limited sample size, the strong AUROC values highlight the robustness of the binary classifiers in detecting ADHD—as such, with additional data, sensitivity and specificity metrics can be substantially augmented. This study is the first to apply machine learning based methods for the detection of ADHD using solely pupillometrics, and highlights its strength as a potential discriminative biomarker, paving the path for the development of novel diagnostic applications to aid in the detection of ADHD using oculometric paradigms and machine learning.
Cystoid maculopathy is a frequent feature of Cohen syndrome-associated retinopathy
Authors: Gabrielle Pierre-Henry , Faivre Laurence , Audo Isabelle , Zanlonghi Xavier , Dollfus Hélène , Thiadens Alberta A. H. J. , Zeitz Christina , Mancini Grazia M. S. , Perdomo Yaumara , Mohand-Saïd Saddek , Lizé Eléonore , Lhussiez Vincent , Nandrot Emeline F. , Acar Niyazi , Creuzot-Garcher Catherine , Sahel José-Alain , Ansar Muhammad , Thauvin-Robinet Christel , Duplomb Laurence , Da Costa Romain 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCohen syndrome (CS) is a rare syndromic form of rod-cone dystrophy. Recent case reports have suggested that cystoid maculopathy (CM) could affect CS patients with an early onset and high prevalence. Our study aims at improving our understanding and management of CM in CS patients through a retrospective case series of ten CS patients with identified pathogenic variants in VPS13B. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed and treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) was provided to reduce the volume of cystoid spaces. CM affected eight out of ten patients in our cohort. The youngest patient showed a strong progression of macular cysts from the age of 4.5 to 5 years despite oral CAI medication. Other teenage and young adult patients showed stable macular cysts with and without treatment. One patient showed a moderate decrease of cystoid spaces in the absence of treatment at 22 years of age. Through a correlative analysis we found that the volume of cystoid spaces was positively correlated to the thickness of peripheral and macular photoreceptor-related layers. This study suggests that CAI treatments may not suffice to improve CM in CS patients, and that CM may resolve spontaneously during adulthood as photoreceptor dystrophy progresses.
Disentangling increasing compound extremes at regional scale during Indian summer monsoon
Authors: Guntu Ravi Kumar , Agarwal Ankit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCompound extremes exhibit greater adverse impacts than their univariate counterparts. Studies have reported changes in frequency and the spatial extent of extremes in India; however, investigation of compound extremes is in the infancy state. This study investigates the historical variation of compound dry and hot extremes (CDHE) and compound wet and cold extremes (CWCE) during the Indian summer monsoon period from 1951 to 2019 using monthly data. Results are analyzed for 10 identified homogeneous regions for India. Our results unravelled that CDHE (CWCE) frequency has increased (decreased) by 1–3 events per decade for the recent period (1977–2019) relative to the base period (1951–1976). Overall, the increasing (decreasing) pattern of CDHE (CWCE) is high across North-central India, Western India, North-eastern India and South-eastern coastlines. Our findings help in identification of the parts of the country affected by frequent and widespread CDHE during the recent period, which is alarming. More detailed assessments are required to disentangle the complex physical process of compound extremes to improve risk management options.
Partial dynamical symmetry versus quasi dynamical symmetry examination within a quantum chaos analyses of spectral data for even–even nuclei
Authors: Sabri H. , Mobarakeh S. K. Mousavi , Majarshin A. J. , Luo Yan-An , Pan Feng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStatistical analyses of the spectral distributions of rotational bands in 51 deformed prolate even–even nuclei in the 152 ≤ A ≤ 250 mass region $$R_{{4_{1}^{ + } /2_{1}^{ + } }} \ge 3.00$$

R

4

1

+

/

2

1

+

≥
3.00

are examined in terms of nearest neighbor spacing distributions. Specifically, the focus is on data for 0+, 2+, and 4+ energy levels of the ground, gamma, and beta bands. The chaotic behavior of the gamma band, especially the position of the $$2_{\gamma }^{ + }$$

2

γ

+

band-head compared to other levels and bands, is clear. The levels are analyzed within the framework of two models, namely, a SU(3)-partial dynamical symmetry Hamiltonian and a SU(3) two-coupled quasi-dynamical symmetry Hamiltonian, with results that are further analyzed using random matrix theory. The partial and quasi dynamics both yield outcomes that are in reasonable agreement with the known experimental results. However, due to the degeneracy of the beta and gamma bands within the simplest SU(3) picture, the theory cannot be used to describe the fluctuation properties of excited bands. By changing relative weights of the different terms in the partial and quasi dynamical Hamiltonians, results are obtained that show more GOE-like statistics in the partial dynamical formalism as the strength of the pairing term is increased. Also, in the quasi-dynamical symmetry limit, more correlations are found because of the stronger couplings.
Immunomodulation by durvalumab and pomalidomide in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Young Mary H. , Pietz Greg , Whalen Elizabeth , Copeland Wilbert , Thompson Ethan , Fox Brian A. , Newhall Kathryn J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study sought to understand how the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor durvalumab and the immunomodulatory agent pomalidomide regulate immune cell activation and function in patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM). Immunologic changes in peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients treated with durvalumab as monotherapy or in combination with pomalidomide with/without dexamethasone were characterized by assessing subsets of immune cells and gene signatures to understand the immunomodulatory effect of the treatment. Soluble PD-L1 levels were elevated at screening in patients with RRMM but did not correlate with response to durvalumab combination therapy. Immune cell subsets were increased in peripheral blood during treatment with durvalumab and pomalidomide, and combination therapy induced significant gene expression changes in the MM tumor microenvironment versus durvalumab alone. Estimation of cell populations based on RNA sequencing data revealed increased monocytes, neutrophils, and natural killer cells with the combination therapy, but not with durvalumab alone. Additionally, multiplex immunofluorescence of bone marrow demonstrated that immune populations were different in responders versus nonresponders to durvalumab plus pomalidomide with dexamethasone therapy. Overall, durvalumab effectively blocked soluble PD-L1; however, durvalumab monotherapy was not associated with immunologic changes, which were observed with combination therapy.
WHO grade I meningiomas that show regrowth after gamma knife radiosurgery often show 1p36 loss
Authors: Damen Pim J. J. , Bulthuis Vincent J. , Hanssens Patrick E. J. , Lie Suan Te , Fleischeuer Ruth , Melotte Veerle , Wouters Kim A. , Ruland Andrea , Beckervordersandforth Jan , Speel Ernst Jan M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWHO grade I meningiomas occasionally show regrowth after radiosurgical treatment, which cannot be predicted by clinical features. There is increasing evidence that certain biomarkers are associated with regrowth of meningiomas. The aim of this retrospective study was to asses if these biomarkers could be of value to predict regrowth of WHO grade I meningiomas after additive radiosurgery. Forty-four patients with WHO grade I meningiomas who underwent additive radiosurgical treatment between 2002 and 2015 after Simpson IV resection were included in this study, of which 8 showed regrowth. Median follow-up time was 64 months (range 24–137 months). Tumors were analyzed for the proliferation marker Ki-67 by immunohistochemistry and for deletion of 1p36 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Furthermore, genomic DNA was analyzed for promoter hypermethylation of the genes NDRG1–4, SFRP1, HOXA9 and MGMT. Comparison of meningiomas with and without regrowth after radiosurgery revealed that loss of 1p36 (p = 0.001) and hypermethylation of NDRG1 (p = 0.046) were correlated with regrowth free survival. Loss of 1p36 was the only parameter that was significantly associated with meningioma regrowth after multivariate analysis (p = 0.01). Assessment of 1p36 loss in tumor tissue prior to radiosurgery might be considered an indicator of prognosis/regrowth. However, this finding has to be validated in an independent larger set of tumors.
Identification of preoperative predictors for acute postsurgical pain and for pain at three months after surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: van Boekel Regina L. M. , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Vloet Lilian , Steegers Monique A. M. , Vissers Kris C. P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIdentifying patients at risk is the start of adequate perioperative pain management. We aimed to identify preoperative predictors for acute postsurgical pain (APSP) and for pain at 3 months after surgery to develop prediction models. In a prospective observational study, we collected preoperative predictors and the movement-evoked numerical rating scale (NRS-MEP) of postoperative pain at day 1, 2, 3, 7, week 1, 6 and 3 months after surgery from patients with a range of surgical procedures. Regression analyses of data of 2258 surgical in- and outpatients showed that independent predictors for APSP using the mean NRS-MEP over the first three days after surgery were hospital admittance, female sex, higher preoperative pain, younger age, pain catastrophizing, anxiety, higher score on functional disability, highest categories of expected pain, medical specialty, unknown wound size, and wound size > 10 cm compared to wound size ≤ 10 cm (RMSE = 2.11). For pain at three months, the only predictors were preoperative pain and a higher score on functional disability (RMSE = 1.69). Adding pain trajectories improved the prediction of pain at three months (RMSE = 1.37). Our clinically applicable prediction models can be used preoperatively to identify patients at risk, as well as in the direct postoperative period.
Predicting species distributions and community composition using satellite remote sensing predictors
Authors: Pinto-Ledezma Jesús N. , Cavender-Bares Jeannine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiodiversity is rapidly changing due to changes in the climate and human related activities; thus, the accurate predictions of species composition and diversity are critical to developing conservation actions and management strategies. In this paper, using satellite remote sensing products as covariates, we constructed stacked species distribution models (S-SDMs) under a Bayesian framework to build next-generation biodiversity models. Model performance of these models was assessed using oak assemblages distributed across the continental United States obtained from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). This study represents an attempt to evaluate the integrated predictions of biodiversity models—including assemblage diversity and composition—obtained by stacking next-generation SDMs. We found that applying constraints to assemblage predictions, such as using the probability ranking rule, does not improve biodiversity prediction models. Furthermore, we found that independent of the stacking procedure (bS-SDM versus pS-SDM versus cS-SDM), these kinds of next-generation biodiversity models do not accurately recover the observed species composition at the plot level or ecological-community scales (NEON plots are 400 m2). However, these models do return reasonable predictions at macroecological scales, i.e., moderately to highly correct assignments of species identities at the scale of NEON sites (mean area ~ 27 km2). Our results provide insights for advancing the accuracy of prediction of assemblage diversity and composition at different spatial scales globally. An important task for future studies is to evaluate the reliability of combining S-SDMs with direct detection of species using image spectroscopy to build a new generation of biodiversity models that accurately predict and monitor ecological assemblages through time and space.
Green chemistry meets medicinal chemistry: a perspective on modern metal-free late-stage functionalization reactions
Authors: Lasso Juan D. , Castillo-Pazos Durbis J. , Li Chao-Jun 
Published: August 2021

This review summarizes the most recent advances of metal-free late-stage functionalization (LSF) of pharmaceutically relevant molecules. Particular emphasis is placed on C–H activation as well as the use of endogenous functional groups.
Insulation board-derived N/O self-doped porous carbon as an electrode material for high-performance symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Su Yingjie , Lu Zhenjie , Cheng Junxia , Zhao Xuefei , Chen Xingxing , Gao Lijuan 
Published: August 2021

A high-efficient and low-cost supercapacitor electrode material was sustainably prepared using white waste pollutant as the starting material.
Physical insights from the Frumkin isotherm applied to electrolyte gated organic transistors as protein biosensors
Authors: Manco Urbina Pamela Allison , Berto Marcello , Greco Pierpaolo , Sensi Matteo , Borghi Simone , Borsari Marco , Bortolotti Carlo Augusto , Biscarini Fabio 
Published: August 2021

Frumkin isotherm is used to fit data obtained from OECT- and EGOFET-based Intrelukin-6 biosensors and compared to the Langmuir and Hill ones. The model allows extraction of the equilibrium constantKa and the Frumkin interaction parameterg′.
Neural Speech Encoding in Infancy Predicts Future Language and Communication Difficulties
Authors: Wong Patrick C. M. , Lai Ching Man , Chan Peggy H. Y. , Leung Ting Fan , Lam Hugh Simon , Feng Gangyi , Maggu Akshay R. , Novitskiy Nikolay 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This study aimed to construct an objective and cost-effective prognostic tool to forecast the future language and communication abilities of individual infants.

Method
Speech-evoked electroencephalography (EEG) data were collected from 118 infants during the first year of life during the exposure to speech stimuli that differed principally in fundamental frequency. Language and communication outcomes, namely four subtests of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MCDI)–Chinese version, were collected between 3 and 16 months after initial EEG testing. In the two-way classification, children were classified into those with future MCDI scores below the 25th percentile for their age group and those above the same percentile, while the three-way classification classified them into < 25th, 25th–75th, and > 75th percentile groups. Machine learning (support vector machine classification) with cross validation was used for model construction. Statistical significance was assessed.

Results

Across the four MCDI measures of early gestures, later gestures, vocabulary comprehension, and vocabulary production, the areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the predictive models were respectively .92 ± .031, .91 ± .028, .90 ± .035, and .89 ± .039 for the two-way classification, and .88 ± .041, .89 ± .033, .85 ± .047, and .85 ± .050 for the three-way classification (
p
< .01 for all models).

Conclusions
Future language and communication variability can be predicted by an objective EEG method that indicates the function of the auditory neural pathway foundational to spoken language development, with precision sufficient for individual predictions. Longer-term research is needed to assess predictability of categorical diagnostic status.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15138546
An Overview of Tracheostomy Tubes and Mechanical Ventilation Management for the Speech-Language Pathologist
Authors: Barnes George , Toms Nancy 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe speech-language pathologist (SLP) plays an integral role when working with patients who have tracheostomy tubes and are on mechanical ventilation. The patients and the clinical team depend on our expertise to make critical decisions on speaking valve use, introduction of food by mouth (per os), weaning off of the ventilator, weaning from the feeding tube, and tracheostomy tube decannulation.ConclusionsWhile not expected to be experts on the cardiopulmonary function of patients, SLPs must have a solid foundation of knowledge when it comes to patients with highly complex disease processes and care plans. This clinical focus article is meant to serve as an overview for the SLP working with tracheostomy tubes and ventilators and for those SLPs interested in entering this area of practice.
A mechanical study of personalised Ti6Al4V tibial fracture fixation plates with grooved surface by finite element analysis
Authors: Liao Bo , Sun Jipeng , Xu Cheng , Xia Rufeng , Li Wei , Lu Dong , Jin Zhongmin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLow shape matching and high stress shielding rates between bone plate and human bone are not conducive to the primary healing of fracture. In this study, taking the fracture site of the lower one‐third of human tibia as an application case, six types of personalised Ti6Al4V tibial plates with grooved surface were designed and evaluated by reverse engineering and finite element analysis. The results showed that the grooved design can reduce the stress shielding rate of bone plate and promote the facture healing. Among the six types of bone plates, the ‘OUT‐MI’ bone plate has the lowest stress shielding rate and the most uniform stress distribution. Meanwhile, with the increasing tibial load during the convalescence, the average stress and maximum axial displacement of the tibial fracture surface increased, which can effectively improve the bone regeneration in the tibial fracture area. Moreover, there was no significant difference in four‐point bending performance between the ‘OUT‐MI’ bone plate and the ‘STR‐BE’ bone plate, indicating that the mechanical properties of this bone plate were reliable. The results provide a theoretical basis for the design of fracture fixation plates on clinical treatment.
3D printed lattice structure for lightweight Ka‐band phased array antenna
Authors: Lyu Peng , Ma Xiaofei , Wang Wei , Yang Jing , Li Yan , Zhang Hongmou 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHere a lightweight antenna array is designed and fabricated for a Ka‐band phased array antenna. From the perspective of advanced space‐borne engineering practice, a Kagome lattice structure is proposed for the lightweight antenna array applications and the representative configurations of the proposed lattice structure is fabricated via selective laser melting (SLM). Experiment is performed to estimate the electrical performance with the featured structure. Compared with the conventional antenna array, the proposed one has 69% less weight, identical measured radiation patterns, and good electrical performance. The results demonstrate the great potentials for other readily customized lightweight phased array antenna applications.