bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who really creates the place brand? Considering the role of user generated content in creating and communicating a place identity
Authors: Skinner Heather 
Published: March 2021

This paper explores online and social media users’ contributions to place identity creation, challenging the role and importance of various actors in the place brand identity and place brand image formation process.
Findings arise from a content analysis of 149 separate photographs of a unique event that takes place on the Greek island of Corfu as part of the Orthodox Easter festival. Findings are also informed by autoethnographic reflexivity from the researcher’s own participation in and observation of the event, and 84 images from the researcher’s own photographic record of the event.
Comparisons are drawn between social media users’ images and those communicated by the local Municipality through 7 relevant images reproduced in the official Easter on Corfu brochure.
The images uploaded by social media users were not vastly different in terms of content from those of the local authority, and were also similar to those taken by the researcher. Perhaps it may be time for place branders to not only voluntarily give up their perceptions of control over at least part of the identity formation process and encourage contributions from wider stakeholders, but to no longer perceive them as mere consumers of the brand, but also as its co-creators. However, this will require another shift in academic understanding of place brand identity and place brand image, which may be difficult to achieve considering that there has only recently been reached a certain level of agreement within the extant literature about the various definitions of terms associated with these constructs.
From Datum to Databases: Digital Humanities, Slavery, and Archival Reparations
Authors: Nowatzki Robert 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
This article examines several projects that apply digital technologies to the study of transatlantic slavery and assesses the potential benefits of these projects while also noting their limitations. It argues that despite the absence of race, and specifically African American history and culture, in much digital humanities scholarship, the study of slavery has been considerably enhanced and transformed by the work of archivists and digital humanities scholars who apply digital technologies to the study and representation of slavery and enslaved people. This subject must continue to be studied so that we understand not only the past but also slavery's impact on the present. Digital technologies such as databases and geographic information system mapping have been useful in helping us understand this chapter of human history more fully and in new ways. Digital applications to archival materials relating to transatlantic slavery not only increase access to these materials for students and researchers, but also offer ways of obtaining new insights into this topic. However, to enhance our understanding of the history of slavery and to be effective agents of progressive social change, such initiatives should be cognizant of how data analysis can be driven by false assumptions of neutrality and can unwittingly contribute to the reification and dehumanization of people of African descent that was characteristic of transatlantic slavery. Digital humanities as a field should both continue such digitizing initiatives and also use digital tools to create critical analyses of oppressive hierarchies to weaken or destroy them.
Octyl 2-cyanoacrylate versus conventional suturing of port site skin closure in laparoscopic appendicectomy: a prospective study
Authors: Pattanshetti Swapnil Annasaheb , Gogate Abhijit S. , Mahalmani Vidya M. , Rao Kannikanti Nageswara 
Published: March 2021

Background: With rapidly developing minimally invasive surgery, the laparoscopic appendectomy has become a preferred method for appendicectomy. Tissue adhesives have become an ideal alternative to conventional sutures and could possibly become the preferred standard of care in many procedures. However, this concept remains unexplored due to scanty data comparing the use of adhesive glues and sutures. The present prospective study was done to compare octyl-2-cyanoacrylate with conventional suturing of port site wound closure in laparoscopic appendicectomy in terms of wound complications, time taken for wound closure and cosmetic outcome.Methods: 60 patients diagnosed to have appendicitis (acute, chronic and recurrent) undergoing laparoscopic appendicectomy were divided into two groups (group A-octyl-2-cyanoacrylate) and (group B- conventional sutures) with 30 in each group. Time taken for wound closure, Wound complications and cosmetic outcome were compared in both groups.Results: Patient demographics were comparable in both the groups. The complications were significantly lower in group A compared to group B. Mean surgical time for wound closure in group A was less compared to group B (p<0.001). Wound closure using octyl-2-cyanoacrylate had lower rate of complications compared to conventional suturing but results obtained were not statistically significant. No significant difference in cosmetic outcome was noted in both groups.Conclusions: Wound closure using octyl-2-cyanoacrylate required significantly less time for skin closure compared to conventional suturing in patients undergoing laparoscopic appendicectomy. However, wound complications and cosmetic outcome using octyl-2-cyanoacrylate did not show statistically significant results compared to conventional suture.
Studi Kinetika Pirolisis Sekam Padi untuk Menghasilkan Bio-oil sebagai Energi Alternatif
Authors: Wijayanti Hesti , Ratnasari Desy , Hakim Rahman 
Published: March 2021

Sekam padi adalah limbah penggilingan padi yang merupakan komoditas penting dari lahan basah. Salah satu cara untuk memberikan nilai tambah dari limbah ini adalah dengan proses pirolisis untuk menghasilkan bio-oil. Untuk menghasilkan bio-oil melalui pirolisis, sekam padi dipanaskan pada suhu tinggi tanpa adanya oksigen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari suhu optimum pada proses pirolisis sekam padi dan menentukan kinetika reaksinya. Proses pirolisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan suhu 450, 500 dan 550°C. Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan kinetika reaksinya dengan metode single step. Suhu optimum pirolisis sekam padi adalah pada suhu 550°C dengan yield sebesar 3,27 %(oil), 26,16% (water), 12,55% (gas) dan 58,02% (char). Nilai kinetika (k) yang didapatkan sebesar 0,0499exp(-0,3899/RT).Kata kunci: sekam padi, bio-oil, pirolisis, suhu, kinetika.
Evaluasi Sifat Mekanis Beton di Lapangan dengan Penerapan Metode Core Drilled Test dan Schmidt Hammer Test
Authors: Chairunisa Nursiah 
Published: March 2021

Penilaian dari beton dalam suatu konstruksi memegang peranan penting untuk mengetahui kekuatan, durabilitas dan kondisi suatu struktur yang sedang dan atau telah di bangun. Evaluasi pengujian sifat beton dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yaitu metode destruktif dan non destruktif. Dalam artikel ini, pengujian tidak merusak dengan menggunakan Schmidt hammer test bertujuan untuk indikasi awal penentuan keseragaman beton dan sebagai tolak ukur untuk melakukan pengujian merusak dengan core drilled test yang dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi sifat mekanis beton di Lapangan. Hasil evaluasi pada studi kasus dengan pengujian tidak merusak menunjukkan koefisien variasi beton melebihi angka 6% maka beton diindikasi memiliki tingkat keseragaman yang kurang baik sehingga diperlukan assessment pengujian merusak. Hasil evaluasi pengujian merusak dengan alat core-drilled menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan beton inti yang diperoleh dari sampel beton inti (core drilled samples) untuk elemen struktur pile cap adalah rata-rata sebesar 21 MPa. Hasil pengujian merusak dengan core drill test untuk sampel beton inti tidak memenuhi persyaratan penerimaan sampel berdasarkan SNI 6680:2016 untuk target mutu 25 MPa.Kata kunci: beton, kuat tekan beton, koefisien variasi pengujian merusak (destructive test) pengujian tidak merusak (non-destructive test)
SPPB reference values and performance in assessing sarcopenia in community-dwelling Singaporeans – Yishun Study
Authors: Lee Shuen Yee , Choo Pei Ling , Pang Benedict Wei Jun , Lau Lay Khoon , Jabbar Khalid Abdul , Seah Wei Ting , Chen Kenneth Kexun , Ng Tze Pin , Wee Shiou-Liang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is an established test of physical performance. We provide reference values for SPPB and determine SPPB performance and cut-offs in assessing sarcopenia for Asian community-dwelling older adults.Methods: 538 (57.8% women) community-dwelling adults aged 21–90 years were recruited. SPPB and its subtest scores and timings (8ft gait speed (GS), five-times repeated chair sit-to-stand (STS) and balance) were determined. Appendicular lean mass divided by height-squared, muscle strength (handgrip) and physical performance (6m GS, STS and SPPB) were assessed to define sarcopenia for various Asian criteria. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to assess performance of SPPB and subtests in discriminating sarcopenia in adults aged ≥60 years. Optimal SPPB and GS subtest cut-offs for each sarcopenia criterion were determined by maximizing sensitivity and specificity. Results: The mean SPPB score was 11.6(SD 1.1) in men and 11.5(SD1.2) in women. Majority of participants(≥50%) aged 21–80 years achieved the maximum SPPB score. SPPB total and subtest scores generally decreased with age (all p<0.001), but did not differ between sex. Among older adults (≥60 years), SPPB and GS subtest had varied performance in assessing sarcopenia (AUC 0.54–0.64 and 0.51–0.72, respectively), and moderate-to-excellent performance in assessing severe sarcopenia (AUC 0.69–0.98 and 0.75–0.95, respectively), depending on sarcopenia definitions. The optimal cut-offs for discriminating sarcopenia in both sexes were SPPB ≤11points and GS subtest ≤1.0m/s. The most common optimal cut-offs for discriminating severe sarcopenia according to various definitions were SPPB ≤11points in both sexes, and GS ≤0.9m/s in men and ≤1.0m/s in women.Conclusions: Population-specific normative SPPB values are important for use in diagnostic criteria and to interpret results of studies evaluating and establishing appropriate treatment goals. Performance on the SPPB should be reported in terms of the total sum score and registered time to complete the repeated-chair STS and 8-ft walk tests. The performance of GS subtest was comparable to SPPB and could be a useful, simple and accessible screening tool for discriminating severe sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.
Urban heat island estimation from improved selection of urban and rural stations by DTW algorithm
Authors: Hu Yonghong , Jia Gensuo , Ai Jinlong , Zhang Yong , Hou Meiting , Li Yapeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Typical urban and rural temperature records are essential for the estimation and comparison of urban heat island effects in different regions, and the key issues are how to identify the typical urban and rural stations. This study tried to analyze the similarity of air temperature sequences by using dynamic time warping algorithm (DTW) to improve the selection of typical stations. We examined the similarity of temperature sequences of 20 stations in Beijing and validated by remote sensing, and the results indicated that DTW algorithm could identify the difference of temperature sequence, and clearly divide them into different groups according to their probability distribution information. The analysis for station pairs with high similarity could provide appropriate classification for typical urban stations (FT, SY, HD, TZ, CY, CP, MTG, BJ, SJS, DX, FS) and typical rural stations (ZT, SDZ, XYL) in Beijing. We also found that some traditional rural stations can’t represent temperature variation in rural surface because of their surrounding environments highly modified by urbanization process in last decades, and they may underestimate the urban climate effect by 1.24℃. DTW algorithm is simple in analysis and application for temperature sequences, and has good potentials in improving urban heat island estimation in regional or global scale by selecting more appropriate temperature records.
G-Estimation of Causal Pathways in Vocational Rehabilitation For Adults With Psychotic Disorders – A Secondary Analysis of A Randomized Trial
Authors: Klungsøyr Ole , Lystad June Ullevoldsæter , Bull Helen , Evensen Stig , Ueland Torill , Falkum Erik 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Vocational rehabilitation (VR) has increasingly become an important intervention targeting poor occupational functioning in schizophrenia. The Norwegian Job Management Program (JUMP), sought to enhance occupational outcomes by augmenting VR with either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques aiming to improve psychotic symptoms or cognitive remediation (CR) aiming to improve cognition. CBT is standard treatment in schizophrenia, but recent meta-analyses question the effect of CBT on negative psychotic symptoms. It is of interest to study the causal role of psychotic symptoms and cognitive functioning on occupational functioning. Methods: Data from the JUMP VR – program, was reanalyzed with a causal inference method to assess the causal effects of reduced symptoms / improved neurocognitive functioning on occupational functioning measured by number of working hours per week. Participants (N=131) had been randomized to either VR + CBT (N=68) or VR + CR (N=63). Large improvements in number of working hours were demonstrated in both intervention groups (nonsignificant group difference). G-estimation was used to assess the strength and nature of the causal effects, adjusted for time-varying confounding and selection – bias from loss to follow-up. Results: Significant causal effects of reduction in each of four dimensions of symptoms and improved neurocognition respectively, on number of working hours were found (separate models). The effect of negative symptoms was the strongest and increased in magnitude during the whole observation period, while the effect of the other symptoms and neurocognition was constant. Adjusted for confounding (including potential feedback), the causal effect of a hypothetical change in negative symptoms equal to the average improvement in the CBT group corresponded to an increase in working hours of 3.2 hours per week (95% CI: 1.11, 5.35).Conclusion: High performance of g-estimation in a small psychiatric data set with few repeated measures and time-varying confounding and effects, was demonstrated. Augmented vocational rehabilitation showed causal effects of intervention targets with the strongest and increasing effect from negative symptoms on number of working hours.Combination of therapy and activation (indirect and direct approach) might explain improvement in both cognition and negative symptoms, and shed some light on effective ingredients for improved treatment of negative symptoms.
Stochastic Analysis of the Electromagnetic Induction Effect on a Neuron's Action Potential Dynamics
Authors: Kapetanovic Ante Lojic , Susnjara Anna , Poljak Dragan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper examines the effect of electromagnetic induction on the electrophysiology of a single cortex neuronthrough two different modes associated with the nature of the external neuronal stimulus. By using the recently extended induction-based variant of the well-known and biologically plausible Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model, bifurcation analysis is performed. Electromagnetic induction caused by magnetic flux is captured using a polynomial approximation of a memristor embedded into the neuron model. In order to determine true influence of the variability of ion channels conductivity, the stochastic sensitivity analysis is performed post hoc. Additionally, numerical simulations are enriched with uncertainty quantification, observing values of ion channels conductivity as random variables. The aim of the study is to computationally determine the sensitivity of the action potential dynamics with respect to the changes in conductivity of each ion channel so that the future experimental procedures, most often medical treatments, may be adapted to different individuals in various environmental conditions.
Effect of Sulfur Precursors on Crystallographic, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Cu2SnS3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Abdel-Latif Mohamed Samir , Rezk Abdallah , Abdel-Moniem Ahmed , Hessein Amr 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, the synthesis of Cu2SnS3 (CTS) nanoparticles by solvothermal method using different sulfur precursors is reported. The influence of sulfur precursors on the structure, optical and electrical properties of prepared CTS material is investigated. The sulfur precursor sources have showed a noticeable effect on crystallite size, secondary phases, and resulted CTS nanoparticles structure. Among the four sulfur precursor sources used in this study, thiourea is the only sulfur source that produces CTS with a cubic structure and without the need for thermal treatment. Whereas after sulfurization at 580 ºC, all the four samples attained CTS nanoparticles with diverse properties. Changing the sulfur precursors have clear effects on crystallite size and optical bandgap prepared samples as they ranged from 11.21 to 21.23 nm and from 1.4 to 1.7 eV, respectively. Additionally, Hall effect measurement revealed that all CTS samples are p-type semiconductors with bulk carrier concentrations in 1018 order, which is suitable for various optoelectronic applications such as photovoltaics and photodetectors.
Complex Network Approach for Detecting Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Gupta Shraddha , Boers Niklas , Pappenberger Florian , Kurths Jürgen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are one of the most destructive natural hazards that pose a serious threat to society around the globe, particularly to those in the coastal regions. In this work, we study the temporal evolution of the regional weather conditions in relation to the occurrence of TCs using climate networks. Climate networks encode the interactions among climate variables at different locations on the Earth's surface, and in particular, time-evolving climate networks have been successfully applied to study different climate phenomena at comparably long time scales, such as the El Ni~no Southern Oscillation, different monsoon systems, or the climatic impacts of volcanic eruptions. Here, we develop and apply a complex network approach suitable for the investigation of the relatively short-lived TCs. We show that our proposed methodology has the potential to identify TCs and their tracks from mean sea level pressure (MSLP) data. We use the ERA5 reanalysis MSLP data to construct successive networks 20 of overlapping, short-length time windows for the regions under consideration, where we focus on the north Indian Ocean and the tropical north Atlantic Ocean. We compare the spatial features of various topological properties of the network, and the spatial scales involved, in the absence and presence of a cyclone. We find that network measures such as degree and clustering exhibit significant signatures of TCs and have striking similarities with their tracks. The study of network topology over time scales relevant to TCs allows us to obtain useful insights into the individual local signature of changes in the flow structure of the regional climate system.
Effects of short-term breathing exercises on respiratory recovery in patients with COVID-19- a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Kader Manzur , Hossain Md. Afzal , Reddy Vijayendar , Perera Nirmala K. Panagodage 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory tract disease. The most common clinical manifestation of severe COVID-19 is acute respiratory failure. Respiratory rehabilitation can be a crucial part of treatment but data lack for patients with COVID-19. This study investigates the effects of short-term respiratory rehabilitation (i.e., breathing exercises) on respiratory recovery among hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Methods: This quasi-experimental, pre-post-test study recruited 110 patients hospitalised with COVID-19. All patented received standardised care, and 65 patients also received the intervention (i.e., breathing exercises). Data on peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (breaths/minute) and heart rate (beats/minute) and oxygen therapy requirement (litre/min) were collected at baseline and 4-5 days after the baseline assessment. Analysis of variance on repeated measures was applied to compare the outcomes of two-time points. Results: The mean (±Standard deviation, SD) age of the intervention group was 49.5 (±10.4) years and 73.8% were men. The mean (±SD) age of the control group was 49.3 (±7.9) years and 62.2% were men. After 4-5 days of respiratory rehabilitation SpO2 (96.7% ±2.1 vs 90.4% ±1.5), P<0.01), respiratory rate (20.5 ±2.4 vs 23.0 ±2.2) breaths/minute, P<0.01), heart rate (80.5 ±9.2 vs 91.2 ±8.6) beats/minute, P<0.01), and oxygen therapy requirement (0.4 ±0.98 vs 1.4 ±2.0) litre/min, P<0.01) improved in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean days of hospitalisation for the intervention group and the control group were 7.1 days vs. 14.6 days, respectively. Conclusions:Our results indicate that breathing exercise, even for a short period, is effective in improving certain respiratory parameters in patients with COVID-19. As a non-invasive and cost-effective respiratory rehabilitation intervention, breathing exercise can be a useful tool for a health care system overwhelmed by the COVID-19 pandemic. These results should be considered preliminary until they are replicated in larger samples in different settings.
The removal of tetracycline with biogenic CeO2 nanoparticles in combination with US/PMS process from aqueous solutions: kinetics and mechanism
Authors: Asadzadeh Seyedeh Nastaran , Malakootian Mohammad , Mehdipoor Mohsen , Neyestanaki Davood Kalantar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Antibiotics have received great attention because of their abuse and potential hazards to the human health and environment. In the current work, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was added to a cerium oxide (CeO2)/ultrasonic (US) system for tetracycline (TC) degradation. CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a simple and cost-effective method using Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract and cerium nitrate as precursors. The as-synthesized CeO2 NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The effects of catalyst dosage, PMS concentration, US power, initial antibiotic concentration, and pH on TC removal were investigated. The results confirmed the formation of CeO2 NPs with a fluorite structure, spherical shape, and average particle size of 29 nm. The removal efficiency of TC was 92.6% in the optimum oxidation conditions ([TC] = 15 mg/L, [PMS] = 50 mM, [CeO2] = 0.6 g/L, pH = 6, and US = 70 W) and followed the zero-order kinetics. Experiment scavenger demonstrated both sulfate and hydroxyl radicals (SO4•−, •OH) were responsible for degrading antibiotics. Biogenic CeO2 NPs and ultrasound waves-activated PMS is a promising technology for water pollution caused by contaminants such as pharmaceuticals.