bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Human Resource Management
Authors: Gurtner Andrea , Clerc Isabelle , Scheidegger Lena 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDigitale Transformation im Human Resource Management (HRM) bedeutet zunehmende Virtualisierung der Arbeit und Zusammenarbeit mit künstlicher Intelligenz, neuen personalen Anforderungen sowie erhöhter Mitarbeitendenmobilität. Resultate einer Mixed-Methods-Studie in einer von klein- und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU)s und öffentlichen Verwaltungen geprägten Region der Schweiz zeigen, dass trotz hoher Relevanz der digitalen Transformation in den befragten Betrieben die Qualifikation der Mitarbeitenden als noch nicht ausreichend betrachtet wird. Neben fachlichen Schulungen ausgewählter Skills werden persönlichkeitsbezogene Fähigkeiten (beispielsweise Offenheit und Flexibilität) und ein damit verbundenes Mindset bzw. eine entsprechende Organisationskultur als zentral erkannt. HRM ist allerdings noch stark mit der Digitalisierung der eigenen Prozesse beschäftigt und läuft damit Gefahr, die Chance zu verpassen, als strategischer Partner die Entwicklungen im Unternehmen hin zu neuen digitalen und flexiblen Organisationskulturen mitzugestalten.
Employability 4.0
Authors: Wymann Bruno , Schellinger Jochen 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungMegatrends führen zu einem fundamentalen Wandel in der Arbeitswelt und stellen Unternehmen vor große Herausforderungen. Die Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit von Mitarbeitenden kann dabei zum wichtigen Erfolgsfaktor für die langfristige Wettbewerbsfähigkeit werden. Gleichzeitig führen die Arbeitsweltveränderungen auch zu neuen Anforderungen an die individuelle Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit der Mitarbeitenden. Anhand eines qualitativen Forschungsdesigns wurde für Schweizer Tochterunternehmen eines Industriekonzerns untersucht, welche Entwicklungen in der Schweizer Arbeitswelt zu erwarten sind, wie sich diese auf die Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit von Mitarbeitenden auswirken und wie das Human Resource Management (HRM) zur Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit der Mitarbeitenden beitragen kann. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Digitalisierung als relevantester Megatrend in der Arbeitswelt wahrgenommen wird und dass Anpassungsfähigkeit sowie lebenslanges Lernen der Mitarbeitenden essenziell für die Erhaltung und Förderung ihrer Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit sind.
Einleitung
Authors: Freigang Sirkka 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Wissen der Zukunft ist vernetzt, dezentral und interdisziplinär. Im Zentrum dieser Herausforderung stehen menschliche Bedürfnisse und nicht technische Möglichkeiten. Die vorliegende Disseration basiert auf einer transdisziplinären Zusammenführung unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen und bündelt Erkenntnisse aus Bildungswissenschaften, Informatik und Architektur verbunden mit dem Ziel, Einflussbereiche und Erfolgsfaktoren zu identifizieren, die im Gestaltungsprozess von menschenzentrierten Smart Learning Environments berücksichtigt werden müssen.
Interdisziplinäre Grundlagen aus Pädagogik, Informatik und Architektur
Authors: Freigang Sirkka 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Wissen der Zukunft ist vernetzt, dezentral und interdisziplinär. Im Zentrum dieser Herausforderung stehen menschliche Bedürfnisse und nicht technische Möglichkeiten. Die vorliegende Disseration basiert auf einer transdisziplinären Zusammenführung unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen und bündelt Erkenntnisse aus Bildungswissenschaften, Informatik und Architektur verbunden mit dem Ziel, Einflussbereiche und Erfolgsfaktoren zu identifizieren, die im Gestaltungsprozess von menschenzentrierten Smart Learning Environments berücksichtigt werden müssen.
Introduction
Authors: Gulati Ashok , Saini Shweta 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough agriculture accounts for about 16.5% of overall GDP in the country (2019–20), it remains central to the Indian economy as it still engages about 44% of the work force (in 2018–19; it was 47% in 2015–16) as per Labour Bureau, GOI. India is also going to be the most populous country in the world by 2027, according to population projections by the UN, and ensuring food security for this large mass of humanity is a daunting task, more so when it also has the largest number of poor and malnourished in the world (as per World Bank’s Development indicators). An average Indian household spends about 45% of its expenditure on food (this ratio stands at 60% for the poor in bottom expenditure group) (NSSO 2011). No wonder agriculture remains critical for India as it has implications not only for farmers in terms of their income, but also for consumers, especially with respect to ensuring food security to the poor and the malnourished.
Lepto-axiogenesis
Authors: Co Raymond T. , Fernandez Nicolas , Ghalsasi Akshay , Hall Lawrence J. , Harigaya Keisuke 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose a baryogenenesis mechanism that uses a rotating condensate of a Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking field and the dimension-five operator that gives Majorana neutrino masses. The rotation induces charge asymmetries for the Higgs boson and for lepton chirality through sphaleron processes and Yukawa interactions. The dimension-five interaction transfers these asymmetries to the lepton asymmetry, which in turn is transferred into the baryon asymmetry through the electroweak sphaleron process. QCD axion dark matter can be simultaneously produced by dynamics of the same PQ field via kinetic misalignment or parametric resonance, favoring an axion decay constant fa ≲ 1010 GeV, or by conventional misalignment and contributions from strings and domain walls with fa ∼ 1011 GeV. The size of the baryon asymmetry is tied to the mass of the PQ field. In simple supersymmetric theories, it is independent of UV parameters and predicts the supersymmtry breaking mass scale to be $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(10 − 104) TeV, depending on the masses of the neutrinos and whether the condensate is thermalized during a radiation or matter dominated era. The high supersymmetry breaking mass scale may be free from cosmological and flavor/CP problems. We also construct a theory where TeV scale supersymmetry is possible. Parametric resonance may give warm axions, and the radial component of the PQ field may give signals in rare kaon decays from mixing with the Higgs and in dark radiation.
New integrable coset sigma models
Authors: Arutyunov Gleb , Bassi Cristian , Lacroix Sylvain 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
By using the general framework of affine Gaudin models, we construct a new class of integrable sigma models. They are defined on a coset of the direct product of N copies of a Lie group over some diagonal subgroup and they depend on 3N − 2 free parameters. For N = 1 the corresponding model coincides with the well-known symmetric space sigma model. Starting from the Hamiltonian formulation, we derive the Lagrangian for the N = 2 case and show that it admits a remarkably simple form in terms of the classical ℛ-matrix underlying the integrability of these models. We conjecture that a similar form of the Lagrangian holds for arbitrary N. Specifying our general construction to the case of SU(2) and N = 2, and eliminating one of the parameters, we find a new three-parametric integrable model with the manifold T1,1 as its target space. We further comment on the connection of our results with those existing in the literature.
Quenched free energy from spacetime D-branes
Authors: Okuyama Kazumi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe propose a useful integral representation of the quenched free energy which is applicable to any random systems. Our formula involves the generating function of multi-boundary correlators, which can be interpreted on the bulk gravity side as spacetime D-branes introduced by Marolf and Maxfield in [arXiv:2002.08950]. As an example, we apply our formalism to the Airy limit of the random matrix model and compute its quenched free energy under certain approximations of the generating function of correlators. It turns out that the resulting quenched free energy is a monotonically decreasing function of the temperature, as expected.
Measurement of the uterocervical angle for the prediction of preterm birth in symptomatic women
Authors: Wagner Philipp , Schlechtendahl Jana , Hoopmann Markus , Prodan Natalia , Abele Harald , Kagan Karl Oliver 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To examine if the uterocervical angle (UCA) can be used to predict preterm delivery in women with painful and regular uterine contractions and a cervical length of 25 mm or less.

Methods
Retrospective study at the perinatal unit of the University Hospital of Tuebingen, Germany. Women with singleton gestation and preterm contractions between 24 + 0 and 33 + 6 weeks’ gestation were included. For the UCA measurement, a line is placed from the internal os to the external os irrespective of whether the cervix is straight or curved. A second line is drawn to delineate the lower uterine segment. The angle between the two lines is the UCA measurement. The measurements were taken on stored images from our database.

Results
The study consisted of 213 singleton pregnancies. At the time of UCA measurement, median maternal and gestational age was 31.4 years and 29.7 weeks’ gestation. Median gestational age at delivery was 35.3 weeks and the corresponding birth weight 2480 g, respectively. The UCA measurement in women who delivered within 2 days, between 3–7 days and after 7 days was not helpful to distinguish between these three groups [median UCA measurements: 108.5°, 108.0° and 107.3° (Kruskal–Wallis test p = 0.576)]. Uni- and multivariate logistic multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the delivery within 2 days was only dependent on the gestational age and the cervical length at the time of presentation.

Conclusion
The measurement of UCA is not useful in predicting preterm birth in the subsequent 7 days after an episode of preterm contractions.
Vaccination of immune compromised children—an overview for physicians
Authors: Pittet Laure F. , Posfay-Barbe Klara M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractImmune compromised children are threatened by a higher risk of infections; some of these are preventable by vaccination. Primary care physicians play a fundamental role in optimising vaccination status. In this narrative review, we present the evidence on vaccine safety and immunogenicity in immune compromised children and discuss in which conditions live-attenuated vaccines can possibly be used. Vaccination schedules differ in some of these conditions, including the use of vaccines with higher antigenic contents (e.g. high-dose hepatitis B vaccine), additional vaccine doses (e.g. 2-dose schedule meningococcal vaccine), more frequent booster doses (e.g. life-long pneumococcal vaccine booster), supplementary vaccines (e.g. meningococcal B vaccine) and use of vaccines beyond the age of usual recommendation (e.g. Haemophilus influenza type b vaccine after 5 years of age). Serological monitoring is a useful tool for customizing vaccination schedule in immune compromised children, confirming adequate vaccine response and documenting seroprotection (especially against measles and varicella). Finally, verification of vaccination status of all household members can prevent them being vector of transmission of an infection to the immune compromised children. Conclusion: Intensified information strategies are needed to improve trust, rectify perceived risks and improve vaccine acceptability; primary physicians can play a critical role in the latter.

What is Known:• Physician’s awareness is key to success, since it repeatedly correlates with higher vaccination rates

What is New:• The vaccination status of immunocompromised children is rarely up-to-date• Knowing the latest vaccine recommendations is challenging, as they differ for each medical condition and change periodically• This review summarises the vaccine recommendations for children with compromised immune systems and highlights how paediatricians play a key role in coordinating their application
Long-term hospital admissions and surgical treatment of children with congenital abdominal wall defects: a population-based study
Authors: Raitio Arimatias , Syvänen Johanna , Tauriainen Asta , Hyvärinen Anna , Sankilampi Ulla , Gissler Mika , Helenius Ilkka 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCongenital abdominal wall defects, namely, gastroschisis and omphalocele, are rare congenital malformations with significant morbidity. The long-term burden of these anomalies to families and health care providers has not previously been assessed. We aimed to determine the need for hospital admissions and the requirement for surgery after initial admission at birth. For our analyses, we identified all infants with either gastroschisis (n=178) or omphalocele (n=150) born between Jan 1, 1998, and Dec 31, 2014, in the Register of Congenital Malformations. The data on all hospital admissions and operations performed were acquired from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register between Jan 1, 1998, and Dec 31, 2015, and compared to data on the whole Finnish pediatric population (0.9 million) live born 1993−2008. Patients with gastroschisis and particularly those with omphalocele required hospital admissions 1.8 to 5.7 times more than the general pediatric population (p<0.0001). Surgical interventions were more common among omphalocele than gastroschisis patients (p=0.013). At the mean follow-up of 8.9 (range 1.0–18.0) years, 29% (51/178) of gastroschisis and 30% (45/150) of omphalocele patients required further abdominal surgery after discharge from the neonatal admission.Conclusion: Patients with gastroschisis and especially those with omphalocele, are significantly more likely than the general pediatric population to require hospital care. Nevertheless, almost half of the patients can be treated without further surgery, and redo abdominal surgery is only required in a third of these children.

What is Known:• Gastroschisis and omphalocele are congenital malformations with significant morbidity• There are no reports on the long-term need for hospital admissions and surgery in these childrenWhat is New:• Patients with abdominal wall defects are significantly more likely than the general pediatric population to require hospital care• Almost half of the patients can be treated without further surgery, and abdominal redo operations are only required in a third of these children
Swallowing Outcomes Following Voice Therapy in Multiple System Atrophy with Dysphagia: Comparison of Treatment Efficacy with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Park Alyssa , Jang Su-Jeong , Kim No-Eul , Kim Tae-Hui , Sohn Young Ho , Kim HyangHee , Cho Sung-Rae 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDifficulties with speech and swallowing occur in patients with Parkinsonism. Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) is proven as an effective treatment for speech and swallowing function in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD). The effect of LSVT on swallowing function in multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-C) is unknown. We sought to determine LSVT’s effect on swallowing function in MSA-C patients compared to IPD patients. LSVT-LOUD was performed on 13 patients with Parkinsonism (6 IPD and 7 MSA-C). Maximum phonation time (MPT), voice intensity, Speech Handicap Index-15 (SHI-15), Swallowing-Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL), National Institutes of Health-swallowing safety scale (NIH-SSS), and videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) before and after LSVT were analyzed and reevaluated three months after treatment. The IPD and MSA-C groups showed significant improvements in overall speech and swallowing measures after LSVT. In particular, pharyngeal phase score and total score of VDS improved significantly in both groups. A two-way repeated-measure ANOVA revealed a significant main effect for time in the MPT, voice intensity, NIH-SSS, pharyngeal phase score and total score of VDS, psychosocial subdomain of SHI-15, and SWAL-QOL. The MSA-C group experienced less overall improvement in swallowing function, but the two groups had an analogous pattern of improvement. In conclusion, LSVT is effective for enhancing swallowing function, particularly in the pharyngeal phase, in both IPD and MSA-C patients. This study demonstrated that LSVT elicits significant improvements in MSA-C patients. We deemed LSVT to be an effective treatment for IPD and MSA-C patients who suffer from dysphagia.
Understanding the implant performance of magnetically controlled growing spine rods: a review article
Authors: Tognini Martina , Hothi Harry , Dal Gal Elisabetta , Shafafy Masood , Nnadi Colin , Tucker Stewart , Henckel Johann , Hart Alister 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Early-Onset Scoliosis (EOS) (defined as a curvature of the spine ≥ 10° with onset before 10 years of age) if not properly treated, can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Traditionally Growing Rods (TGRs), implants fixated to the spine and extended every 6–8 months by surgery, are considered the gold standard, but Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods (MCGRs) avoid multiple surgeries. While the potential benefit of outpatient distraction procedure with MCGR is huge, concerns still remain about its risks, up to the release of a Medical Device Alert (MDA) by the Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA) advising not to implant MCGRs until further notice. The aim of this literature review is to (1) give an overview on the use of MCGRs and (2) identify what is currently understood about the surgical, implant and patient factors associated with the use of MCGRs.

Methods
Systematic literature review.

Results
Surgical factors such as use of single rod configuration or incorrect rod contouring might affect early failure of MCGRs. Patient’s older age and higher BMI are correlated with rod slippage. Wear debris and distraction mechanism failure may result from implant design and iteration.

Conclusion
Despite the complications reported, this technology still offers one of the best solutions to spine surgeons dealing with severe EOS. Lowering the complication rate by identifying risk factors for failure is possible and further studies in this direction are required. Once the risk factors are well described, some of these can be addressed enabling a safer use of MCGRs.
North Atlantic midwinter storm track suppression and the European weather response in ERA5 reanalysis
Authors: Montoya Duque Estefania , Lunkeit Frank , Blender Richard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, we analyse the influence of North Atlantic midwinter storm track suppressions on European synoptic temperature and precipitation anomalies to determine the large-scale conditions relevant for the so-called Christmas thaw. We diagnose this relation in daily ERA5 reanalysis data in the spatial resolution of 0.25∘ between 1979 and 2018. To access synoptic time scales, a 3–10-day band-pass filter is applied. An index for the suppression is defined by the upper tropospheric Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE) anomalies in the North Atlantic. We define the strong jet stream years as the year exceeding the 75% of the winter seasonal values at 250 hPa. In winters with strong jet activity, the storm track suppression is found, in agreement with the barotropic governor mechanism. Composites of European surface temperature and precipitation for low index values reveal weakly warmer conditions during winter (DJF) in Central Europe and the British Isles and a distinct cooling in Northern Europe. In the 1-month interval during December 15 to January 15, the warming is more pronounced. The clearest signal is the precipitation increase with a magnitude of 1 mm/day in the Mediterranean region.
NAM—help or burden? Intercultural evaluation of parental stress caused by nasoalveolar molding: a retrospective multi-center study
Authors: Roth Maximilian , Lonic Daniel , Grill Florian D. , Ritschl Lucas M. , Loeffelbein Denys J. , Wolff Klaus-Dietrich , Niu Lien-Shin , Pai Betty Chien-Jung , Prantl Lukas , Kehrer Andreas , Heidekrüger Paul I. , Rau Andrea , Lo Lun-Jou 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) was developed to facilitate easier treatment and better outcomes for cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the parental burden and possible intercultural differences of this treatment modality, which is often argued to burden parents to an extraordinary amount.

Materials and methods
Standardized questionnaires (available in English, Mandarin, and German) with 15 non-specific and 14 NAM-specific items to be retrospectively answered by Likert scales by parents of unilateral CLP patients with completed NAM treatment.

Results
The parents of 117 patients from two treatment centers in Taiwan and Germany were included. A very high level of overall satisfaction was found in both countries with significant intercultural differences in prenatal parent information, feeding problems, dealing with 3rd party’s perception, and experienced personal effort.

Conclusion
NAM is an effective treatment tool for children’s CLP deformities and their caregivers in overcoming the feeling of helplessness. Intercultural differences may be due to infrastructural reasons, cultural attitudes and habits, or different public medical education.

Clinical relevance
In addition to facilitating easier surgical treatment, NAM can be seen as a powerful coping strategy for parents dealing with a CLP deformity of their child and does not seem to burden them extraordinarily.
Stereotactic cysto-ventricular catheters in craniopharyngiomas: an effective minimally invasive method to improve visual impairment and achieve long-term cyst volume reduction
Authors: Steiert Christine , Grauvogel Juergen , Roelz Roland , Demerath Theo , Schnell Daniel , Beck Juergen , Coenen Volker Arnd , Reinacher Peter Christoph 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCraniopharyngiomas are typically located in the sellar region and frequently contain space-occupying cysts. They usually cause visual impairment and endocrine disorders. Due to the high potential morbidity associated with radical resection, several less invasive surgical approaches have been developed. This study investigated stereotactic-guided implantation of cysto-ventricular catheters (CVC) as a new method to reduce and control cystic components. Twelve patients with cystic craniopharyngiomas were treated with CVC in our hospital between 04/2013 and 05/2017. The clinical and radiological data were retrospectively analysed to evaluate safety aspects as well as ophthalmological and endocrine symptoms. The long-term development of tumour and cyst volumes was assessed by volumetry. The median age of our patients was 69.0 years and the median follow-up period was 41.0 months. Volumetric analyses demonstrated a mean reduction of cyst volume of 64.2% after CVC implantation. At last follow-up assessment, there was a mean reduction of cyst volume of 92.0% and total tumour volume of 85.8% after completion of radiotherapy. Visual acuity improved in 90% of affected patients, and visual field defects improved in 70% of affected patients. No patient showed ophthalmological deterioration after surgery, and endocrine disorders remained stable. Stereotactic implantation of CVC proved to be a safe minimally invasive method for the long-term reduction of cystic components with improved ophthalmological symptoms. The consequential decrease of total tumour volumes optimised conditions for adjuvant radiotherapy. Given the low surgical morbidity and the effective drainage of tumour cysts, this technique should be considered for the treatment of selected cystic craniopharyngiomas.