bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of a multi‐species, multi‐response state‐and‐transition model approach for wildlife management
Authors: Long Ashley M. , Colón Melanie R. , Morrison Michael L. , Mathewson Heather A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLand management agencies have collaborated to standardize assessments of rangeland health. These assessments incorporate state‐and‐transition concepts of ecosystem function using ecological site descriptions (ESDs) initially developed to provide information on the soil, topography, climate, and vegetation at areas of interest. Combined, ESDs and state‐and‐transition models (STMs) describe existing and potential plant community dynamics. Unlike previous methods used to assess rangeland health, STMs take into account that multiple states exist in space and time across sites and that reversible and directional changes in vegetation can occur in response to factors such as fire, erosion, weather, and management activities. Wildlife responses are seldom incorporated into this framework. However, combining STMs, ESDs, and species‐specific habitat use and demographic data could provide land managers with tools that classify current ecosystem conditions, predict vegetative change, and inform management for maintaining or improving key habitat features for species of interest. To demonstrate a multi‐species, multi‐response STM approach for wildlife management, we quantified vegetation structure and composition as a function of time since prescribed burning and wildfire in four geographically distinct study areas. We found no significant differences in the topographic or vegetative characteristics of ecological sites within our study areas. Thus, we visualized habitat use and demographic data for our two avian study species, the golden‐cheeked warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) and the black‐capped vireo (Vireo atricapilla), along with plant community transformations, in a single STM per study area. Our research demonstrates how STMs could be operationalized for wildlife management in such a way that accounts for co‐occurring species with contrasting habitat requirements. In addition, our approach further illustrates how STMs could provide land managers with guidance to minimize the negative effects or enhance the positive effects of disturbance and management activities on wildlife.
Synthesis of Bifunctional Boron‐Lewis Acids – Thorough Investigation of the Adduct Formation with Pyrimidine
Authors: Rudlof Jens , Glodde Timo , Mix Andreas , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThree bifunctional boron‐Lewis acids based on a 1,2‐diethynylbenzene backbone were synthesized using a tin‐boron exchange protocol in good to very good yields. Complexation experiments with pyrimidine were thoroughly investigated using the example of 1,2‐bis(benzo[d][1,3,2]dioxaborol‐2‐ylethynyl)benzene (3) in solution, in the solid phase and by quantum‐chemical calculations. Two adducts were structurally investigated by X‐ray diffraction experiments. DOSY‐/VT‐NMR experiments gave insight into the dynamic behaviour of the synthesized poly‐Lewis acids with pyrimidine.
Syntheses and Structures of Protonated Acetylenedicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Jessen Christoph , Kornath Andreas J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAcetylenedicarboxylic acid (C4H2O4) was protonated in the binary superacidic systems HF/MF5 (M=As, Sb). Depending on the stoichiometric ratio of Lewis acid and acetylenedicarboxylic acid mono‐ and diprotonated acetylenedicarboxylic acid was obtained. The salts of diprotonated acetylenedicarboxylic acid were characterized by vibrational spectroscopy and in case of [C4H4O4][SbF6]2 by a single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis. The salt crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with four formula units per unit cell. Furthermore, salts of monoprotonated acetylenedicarboxylic acid were synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis. The salts [C4H3O4][AsF6] and [C4H3O4][SbF6] crystallize in the monoclinic space group C2/c with four formula units per unit cell. The monoprotonation is better described as a twofold hemiprotonation of acetylenedicarboxylic acid. The experimental results are discussed together with quantum chemical calculations.
Access to Pyrrolocoumarins through DBU‐Mediated Coupling of 2‐Oxo‐2H‐chromene‐3‐carbaldehydes and Phenacyl Azides
Authors: Borkotoky Lodsna , Borra Satheesh , Maurya Ram Awatar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract1,8‐Diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) mediated annulation of 4‐(benzylthio/arylthio)‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromene‐3‐carbaldehydes with phenacyl azides for the synthesis of biologically relevant pyrrolocoumarins was developed. This operationally simple and unique synthetic strategy allows the formation of desired pyrrolocoumarin in good yields (67‐84 %), and generates a new C−C and C−N bond in the overall process.
Retraction: Neodymium and Praseodymium Doped Perovskite Materials for Highly Stable CuInS2‐Hole‐Transport Layer‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Taheri-Ledari Reza , Gharibi Saideh , Maleki Ali , Akin Seckin , Shalan Ahmed Esmail 
Published: December 2021

“Neodymium and Praseodymium Doped Perovskite Materials for Highly Stable CuInS2‐Hole‐Transport Layer‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells”by R. Taheri‐Ledari, S. Gharibi, A. Maleki, S. Akin, and A.E. ShalanEnergy Technol., 2022, 2100936.The above article, published online on 15 December 2021 in Wiley Online Library, has been retracted by agreement between the former journal Editor in Chief John Uhlrich, the interim Editor in Chief Till von Graberg, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH. Data irregularities in Figures 2b and 5b were pointed out by authors S. Akin, A. E. Shalan and corroborated by peer review from a specialist in the experimental technique. The authors were unable to provide the complete original data to restore confidence in these results. The retraction was necessary as the validity of the conclusions is substantially affected by these irregularities. While S.A. and A.E.S. agreed with the decision to retract the manuscript, R.T.L., A.M., and S.G. did not.Author contributions:R.T.L: Wrote the manuscript and interpreted the analyses. He has also drawn the graphics used in the manuscript.S.G: Performed all practical stages and provided the analyses.A.M: Managed all stages of the work, and financially supported the expenditures (Supervisor).S.A: Revised the manuscript and addressed the reviewers' comments.A.E.S: Edited the manuscript and improved the English presentation.
Heat exchanger design considering variable overall heat transfer coefficient: An artificial neural network approach
Authors: Hernández‐Gil Jordy A. , Colorado‐Garrido Dario , Alaffita‐Hernández F. Alejandro , Escobedo‐Trujillo Beatris A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study presents an artificial neural network approach in combination with numerical methods to calculate the heat transfer area assuming a nonlinear variation of the global heat transfer coefficient as a consequence of the thermophysical properties of the fluids, the geometry of the surfaces, and other factors. The development of the article is presented in two applications. The first application takes up the database described by Allan P. Colburn, four possibilities are proposed using functions from the field of artificial neural networks to create several approaches. The second application is presented to verify the goodness of the proposed methodology, the artificial neural network model is applied in an experimental data set of double‐pipe vertical heat exchangers, the comparison between the calculated and experimental heat transfer area shows a relative percentage error smaller than 2.8%. The results in the applications are evidence of the competitiveness of the artificial neural network for the prediction of the heat transfer area considering a variable overall heat transfer coefficient.
The analogy of nanoparticle shapes on the theory of convective heat transfer of Au–Fe3O4 Casson hybrid nanofluid
Authors: Puneeth Venkatesh , Baby Ammani Kuttan , Manjunatha S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent times, Au nanoparticles have been commonly used for delivering the drug especially in the case of hypothermia of tumors, but low absorption of IR light does not solve destruction of tumor cells. However, nanoparticles such as Fe3O4 coated with Au could be used to deliver the drug to a specific spot due to applied external magnetic field. Due to these applications, boundary layer approximation is invoked to simplify the mathematical model. This paper presents the nanoparticle shape analysis and heat transfer features of the Au–Fe3O4–blood hybrid nanofluid flowing past a stretching surface on a magnetohydrodynamic medium. Numerical solutions of nonlinear differential equations are obtained by RKF‐45 method with the help of shooting technique. The behavior of emerging parameters is described graphically for velocity and temperature profiles. It is found that the blade‐shaped Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles have better thermal conductance than brick, sphere, cylinder, needle, and platelet shapes. It is also observed that the Lorentz force generated due to magnetic field helps in controlling the flow and enhance the thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluid.
Diabetic kidney disease‐predisposing proinflammatory and profibrotic genes identified by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA)
Authors: Chen Jing , Luo Shi‐Fu , Yuan Xin , Wang Mi , Yu Hai‐Jie , Zhang Zheng , Yang Yong‐Yu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes. Despite enormous efforts, the underlying underpinnings of DKD remain incompletely appreciated. We sought to perform novel and informative bioinformatic analysis to explore the molecular mechanism of DKD. The gene expression profiles of GSE142025, GSE30528, and GSE30529 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. After the GSE142025 data set was preprocessed, a gene co‐expression network was constructed by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA), and hub genes were selected in the key modules. Meanwhile, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated commonly were identified between the GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets. Then, pathway and process enrichment analysis were performed for hub genes and commonly upregulated DEGs. Next, candidate targets were identified by comparing hub genes to commonly upregulated DEGs. Finally, reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was carried out to validate the expression of candidate targets, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. A total of 17 modules were clustered by WGCNA, and the most significant turquoise module was selected. Based upon MM > 0.7 and GM > 0.7, 313 hub genes were screened out in turquoise module. Functional analysis of these 313 genes demonstrated their enrichment in pathways involved in leukocyte differentiation, cell morphogenesis, lymphocyte activation, vascular development, collagen synthesis, chemotaxis, and chemokine signaling. A total of 115 commonly upregulated DEGs were identified between the GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets. Intriguingly, a total of six proinflammatory and profibrotic candidate targets were selected and validated in DKD mice in vivo, including CCR2, MOXD1, COL6A3, COL1A2, PYCARD, and C7. Based on WGCNA and DEG analysis of DKD datasets, six DKD‐predisposing candidate targets were uncovered. The data suggest that inflammation and fibrosis are key mechanisms of DKD, and future studies may determine the causal link between the six proinflammatory and profibrotic genes and DKD.
Scaling up conservation agriculture: An exploration of challenges and opportunities through a stakeholder engagement process
Authors: Reimer A. , Doll J. E. , Boring T. J. , Zimnicki T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIncreasing the resilience of agricultural landscapes requires fundamental changes to the dominant commodity production model, including incorporating practices such as reduced tillage, cover cropping, and extended rotations that reduce soil disturbance while increasing biological diversity. Increasing farmer adoption of these conservation systems offers the potential to transform agriculture to a more vibrant, resilient system that protects soil, air, and water quality. Adoption of these resilience practices is not without significant challenges. This paper presents findings from a participatory effort to better understand these challenges and to develop solutions to help producers overcome them. Through repeated, facilitated discussions with farmers and agricultural and conservation professionals across the U.S. state of Michigan, we confronted the policy, economic, and structural barriers that are inhibiting broader adoption of conservation systems, as well as identified policies, programs, and markets that can support their adoption. What emerged was a complex picture and dynamic set of challenges at multiple spatial scales and across multiple domains. The primary themes emerging from these discussions were barriers and opportunities, including markets, social networks, human capital, and conservation programs. Exacerbating the technical, agronomic, and economic challenges farmers face at the farm level, there are a host of community constraints, market access and availability problems, climatic and environmental changes, and policies (governmental and corporate) that cross‐pressure farmers when it comes to making conservation decisions. Understanding these constraints is critical to developing programs, policies, and state and national investments that can drive adoption of conservation agriculture.
Shadow economy threshold effect in the relationship finance–growth in Tunisia: A nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach
Authors: Mhadhbi Khalil , Terzi Chokri 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper tracks the financial growth in Tunisia over the period 1984–2016 with a special focus on the shadow economy. Using Tanzi's measures, we worked on a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to test the impact of the informal economy. The results suggest that the long‐run effect of the financial growth becomes negative if there is a positive change in the shadow economy and the opposite holds. While changes in the shadow economy have no significant influence on the links between financial development and economic growth in the short run, they play a significant role in the Tunisian economy in the long run.
Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction alters the midfoot mechanics and energetics during gait
Authors: Wuite Sander , Deschamps Kevin , Eerdekens Maarten , Scheys Lennart , Loomans Laura , A. Matricali Giovanni 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA comprehensive insight into the in vivo foot kinetics of patients with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is lacking to support clinical decision making. Our goal was to study how PTTD alters the kinetic and kinematic characteristics of the foot and ankle with a special focus on the midfoot joints. Multisegment foot joint kinetics and kinematics were compared based on the Rizzoli Foot Model and inversed dynamics between a control group (n = 25), patients with PTTD Stage II (n = 21) and PTTD Stage III (n = 4) over the entire stance phase. Compared to controls, a mean decrease in power generation of 1.3 W/kg was found in the Ankle joint in PTTD II patients (p < 0.001) and PTTD III patients of 1.5 W/kg (p < 0.001). In the Chopart joint, there was a mean increase in power absorption of 0.4 W/kg in the PTTD III patients (p = 0.014) and a mean decrease in power generation of 0.6 W/kg (p < 0.001) in the PTTD II patients. The distribution of total negative work showed a shift from the Ankle and first metatarsal phalangeal joint towards the Chopart joint in both PTTD compared with the control subjects. A significant reduction in range of motion was observed among both PTTD groups. The outcome of this study will enable the possibility to customize the conservative and surgical treatment of each patient with PTTD, to improve or even restore the kinetic features. This will prevent the natural deterioration of function seen in this pathology.
Use of computer tomography imaging for analyzing bone remodeling around a percutaneous osseointegrated implant
Authors: Wankier Zakary , Taylor Carolyn , Drew Alex , Kubiak Erik , Agarwal Jayant , Sinclair Sarina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOsseointegration (OI) is being used for the direct skeletal attachment of prosthetic limbs using an intramedullary stem that extends percutaneously from the subject's residual limb. For this technology to be successful, bone ingrowth and remodeling around the implant must occur. Physicians need an effective way to assess bone remodeling to make informed treatment and rehabilitation decisions. Previous studies utilizing two‐dimensional imaging X‐ray as a tool to monitor bone‐remodeling around OI devices have limitations. This study describes methodology that was developed utilizing computed tomography (CT) imaging as a tool for analyzing bone remodeling around a percutaneous OI implant. Six transfemoral amputees implanted with a percutaneous osseointegrated prosthesis (POP) had CT scans taken of their residual femur at 6 and 52 weeks postoperatively. Three‐dimensional femoral models were processed using custom MATLAB script to collect cortical and medullary morphology measurements. Morphology data from 6‐ and 52‐week scans were compared to quantify bone remodeling around the POP implant. Fifty‐two weeks after implantation of the POP device, increases in cortical bone area and thickness were observed around the porous‐coated stem. Minimal changes were observed in the medullary canal parameters within the periprosthetic regions. This study successfully utilized CT imaging and three‐dimensional modeling techniques to analyze longitudinal data of bone remodeling around a transfemoral percutaneous implant. These methods have the potential to be used as a clinical tool for evaluating orthopedic implants in vivo. Data collected suggests that the POP device achieved the desired bone remodeling around the porous‐coated region of the implanted stem.
Semi‐active control of metal foam magnetorheological damper
Authors: Yan W. , Huina H. , Wang X. , Xu B. , He Y. , Liu X. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new type of foam metal magnetorheological damper is designed, and its performance in semi‐active control is investigated. At first, magnetorheological fluid is stored in the pore of metal foam, and with the action of magnetic field, magnetorheological fluid is extracted from metal foam, and then fills up the shear gap to produce magnetorheological effect. The magnetic field density in the shear gap is studied by the software Ansys finite element method, the magnetic flux density in the working gap is obtained in the different exciting current. A testing rig, including the vibration generator, laser displacement sensor, proportion integration differentiation control and cantilever beam, is built to investigate the semi‐active control performance of metal foam magnetorheological fluid damper. The result indicates that metal foam magnetorheological fluid damper has a good controllable damping property. When the exciting current is about compared with the vibration amplitude of cantilever beam magnetorheological fluid damper the vibration amplitude without foam metal magnetorheological fluid, the displacement of cantilever beam decreases by 44.4 %, which validates the semi‐active control effect of the foam metal magnetorheological fluid damper.
Effects of Pelleted and Extruded Diets of Different Protein Levels on Growth, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, Nonspecific Immunity, and Ammonia-N Stress Tolerance of Postlarval Pacific White Shrimp
Authors: Hu Bing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pelleted and extruded diets of different protein levels on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, nonspecific immunity, and ammonia-N stress tolerance of postlarval Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The shrimp were fed six diets, including extruded diets with dietary 41% protein (E41), 43% protein (E43), and 46% protein (E46) and pelleted diets with dietary 41% protein (P41), 43% protein (P43), and 46% protein (P46), for 60 d. The Pacific white shrimp that consumed diets with 43% and 46% protein had significantly higher final body weight, specific growth rate, and protease activity than those that consumed diets with 41% protein regardless of processing methods. The shrimp that consumed the extruded diets showed significantly higher final body weight, specific growth rate, and protease activity than those that consumed the pelleted diets when 41% and 43% protein were supplemented in the diets. The shrimp that consumed the extruded diets had significantly higher alpha-amylase activity in the hepatopancreas than those that consumed the pelleted diets regardless of dietary protein levels. The extruded diet and dietary 43% and 46% protein showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, nonspecific immunity-related indices, and acute ammonia-N stress resistance when compared with the pelleted diets and dietary 41% protein, respectively. These results suggest that dietary 43% and 46% protein can promote the growth performance and enhance the digestive and antioxidant capacities, nonspecific immunity, and ammonia-N resistance of Pacific white shrimp and that the extrusion process is a better method for promoting the growth performance and enhancing the digestive capacity, activities of antioxidant enzymes, nonspecific immunity, and ammonia-N resistance of Pacific white shrimp.
Study on the relationship between sarcopenia and its components and anorexia in elderly maintenance haemodialysis patients
Authors: Li Chao , Chen Lin , He Li , Zhang Yingjun , Chen Hui , Liu Yuan , Tang Sikai , Zheng Haotian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the current situation of sarcopenia and anorexia of elderly maintenance haemodialysis patients and analyse the influencing factors.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used in this study.MethodsOne hundred and twelve elderly patients on MHD in 3 haemodialysis centres in Sichuan, China, were selected. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Anorexia was assessed with the Functional Assessment of Anorexia Cachexia Therapy/Anorexia Cachexia Subscale (FAACT/ACS). The relationship between sarcopenia and anorexia was analysed by logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalences of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia in elderly MHD patients were 52.7% and 39.3%, respectively, and the prevalence of anorexia was 25.9%. Severe sarcopenia was independently associated with anorexia, and weekly exercise frequency was independently associated with anorexia. The low SMI value and slow gait speed were strongly associated with anorexia. This study complied with the STROBE checklist.
From axial codes to Z‐scores: Charting the diversity and scope of 25 years of nonprofit marketing research published in International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing
Authors: Waters Richard D. , Auger Giselle A. , Bortree Denise Sevick 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing published practitioner and scholarly research for 25 years before it was rebranded to the Journal of Philanthropy and Marketing. This research uses an emergent content analysis design to review all 629 research articles published in the first 25 volumes to document the field's marketing, theoretical, and methodological interests. This article provides important benchmark numbers to compare how the field evolves as the rebranded journal moves forward with a broader topical range.