bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase equilibrium occurring during low-carbon iron-based melt deoxidation with silicostrontium
Authors: Makrovets L. A. , Samoilova O. V. , Mikhailov G. G. , Bakin I. V. 
Published: July 2021

At the moment, to improve quality of metal (especially low-alloyed), out-of-furnace steel processing technologies are used with complex alloys utilization, which include alkaline earth metals (ALM) in addition to silicon. Study of strontium additives effect on deoxidation and liquid steel modification processes is one of the promising areas of research in field of metallurgical technologies. Thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria in Fe – Sr – Si –C– O system melt was carried out using method of constructing surface of components solubility in metal. Solubility surface determines stability limits of non-metallic phases formed during deoxidation, depending on composition of liquid metal of the studied system. The  calculation was carried out using equilibrium constants of reactions occurring in the melt during deoxidation, as well as the first order interaction parameters (according to Wagner) of elements in liquid iron. Activity of the oxide melt components was determined using theory of subregular ionic solutions. Activity of the gas phase was calculated taking into account partial pressures. Simulations were performed for two temperatures (1550 and 1600  °C) for fixed carbon concentrations (0 (no carbon in liquid iron) and 0.1 % (low-carbon metal melt)). It has been shown that, in comparison with silicon, strontium is stronger deoxidizing agent in liquid metal. According to the simulation results, liquid oxide non-metallic inclusions of variable composition or strontium ortho- and metasilicates Sr2SiO4 and SrSiO3 (with an increase in strontium concentration) should be the main oxide phases in deoxidation products. Decrease in the temperature of liquid metal leads to changes in phase formation (formation of SrSiO3 silicate becomes possible).
Ambient Noise Level in Eastern North China from ChinArray and Its Response to COVID-19
Authors: Wang Weilai , Cai Guangyao , Lai Guijuan , Chen Mingfei , Zhang Long 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
High-frequency (&gt;1  Hz) ambient noise is usually closely related to anthropogenic activities. During the outbreak and spread of the COVID-19, as various anthropogenic activities are restricted, high-frequency ambient noise level has been observed to be reduced on a worldwide scale. The continuous waveform data at dense broadband seismic stations from ChinArray in eastern North China provides a good opportunity to study the temporal and spatial patterns of the ambient noise level in the region, and to further study the influencing factors, such as the topography and the population density. In this study, we calculated the average power spectral density of ambient noise at each station ±90 days around the Spring Festival in 2019 and in 2020, analyzed the noise level at different stations through normal times, Spring Festivals, epidemic control period, and recovery period, and studied the influencing factors of the noise level. We found that normally high-frequency (1–10 Hz) ambient noise correlates well with the surrounding sedimentary thickness: The noise level is higher when the surrounding sedimentary layer is thicker and vice versa. It correlates moderately with local population density and is time-varying due to anthropogenic activities. During the Spring Festival in 2019 and in 2020, and the epidemic control period after the Spring Festival in 2020, the reduction extent of the noise level correlates moderately with both the sedimentary thickness and population density; the ambient noise level reduces more significantly to the south of 40° N than to the north of it in the study region. Considering that the sedimentary thickness beneath each station is not time-varying, the variation in ambient noise level due to anthropogenic activities is clearly amplified by the sedimentary layer.
Development of a Compact Broadband Ocean-Bottom Seismometer
Authors: Shinohara Masanao , Yamada Tomoaki , Shiobara Hajime , Yamashita Yusuke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Studies of very-low-frequency earthquakes and low-frequency tremors (slow earthquakes) in the shallow region of plate boundaries need seafloor broadband seismic observations. Because it is expected that seafloor spatially high-density monitoring requires numerous broadband sensors for slow earthquakes near trenches, we have developed a long-term compact broadband ocean-bottom seismometer (CBBOBS) by upgrading the long-term short-period ocean-bottom seismometer that has seismic sensors with a natural frequency of 1 Hz and is being mainly used for observation of microearthquakes. Because many long-term ocean-bottom seismometers with short-period sensors are available, we can increase the number of broadband seafloor sensors at a low cost. A short-period seismometer is exchanged for a compact broadband seismometer with a period of 20 or 120 s. Because the ocean-bottom seismometers are installed by free fall, we have no attitude control during an installation. Therefore, we have developed a new leveling system for compact broadband seismic sensors. This new leveling system keeps the same dimensions as the conventional leveling system for 1 Hz seismometers so that the broadband seismic sensor can be installed conveniently. Tolerance for leveling is less than 1°. A tilt of up to 20° is allowed for the leveling operation. A microprocessor controls the leveling procedure. Some of the newly developed ocean-bottom seismometers were deployed in the western Nankai trough, where slow earthquakes frequently occur. The data from the ocean-bottom seismometers on the seafloor were evaluated, and we confirmed that the long-term CBBOBS is suitable for observation of slow earthquakes. The developed ocean-bottom seismometer is also available for submarine volcanic observation and broadband seafloor observation to estimate deep seismic structures.
Determining the frequency of microbial growth “in?use” detergent products in various dental clinics: A microbiological research
Authors: R Divyashree , Raj Kirthi 
Published: July 2021

Clean hands are hands and as a part of dental clinic infection control measure hand washing by a dental health professional before having contact with a patient’s oral cavity becomes a fundamental duty. Most detergents claim a 99.99% efficacy in killing bacteria however, there is paucity in literature if there will be a microbial growth “in use” detergents. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate bar soap and liquid soap from liquid soap from dental clinics for microbial contamination while it was in use.The study period was 2- month, dentists and dental assistants were the participants of the study. A total of 25 handwashing place samples from 12different dental clinics were collected. All the test tube samples of bar soap and liquid soap were all transferred to the microbiology laboratory for microbiological analysis. data was analyzed using a one- sample paired t-test and independent students t-test. 6 different microbial species were identified. The abundance of staphylococcus aureus was highest compared to other microorganisms in both soaps. Further, the mean number of microorganisms was found similar (P &#62; 0.05) in liquid soap. the microbial load of a mixed flora of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, aerobes, and fungi were found in both the in-use bar soap and liquid soap. Thus, the results indicate that the bar soap ‘in-use’ condition harbors a greater number of microorganisms as compared to that of liquid soap.
Confocal laser scanning microscopic evaluation of depth of penetration and Sealer/Dentin interface between endodontic sealers - An in-vitro study
Authors: Balaji Lakshmi , Kanaga Raj Sukanya , V Preethi , Deivanayagam Kandaswamy 
Published: July 2021

An endodontic sealer contributes in obtaining an appropriate seal for the root canal system by establishing an association between the root canal walls and coronal restoration thereby promoting healing. This present research intended to compare the penetrating capacity and to determine sealer/dentin interface among various endodontic sealers. Horizontally sectioned tooth samples were obtained at 3 and 5mm and randomly divided into three groups: Group I - Chemically cured (AH Plus) sealer; Group II - Dual cured (EndoREZ) sealer; Group III – BioCeramic Nano sealer (iRoot SP). All three groups were coated with their respective sealers and obturated using cold lateral compaction technique. The samples were observed using Confocal Microscope for penetrating capacity evaluation and reviewing of sealer/dentin junction at 3 and 5mm depth. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's Post-Hoc method. On depth of penetration evaluation, one-way ANOVA analysis showed Group II exhibited maximum depth of penetration in contrast to Group III and Group I. Group I showed the least average depth of penetration among the other two groups at both 3 and 5mm. On sealer/dentin interface evaluation at 3mm, Group II showed increased interface in comparison with to Group III and Group I. No statistical significance evident among the groups at 5mm. EndoREZ showed maximum depth of penetration in comparison with iRoot SP and AH Plus sealer at both 3 and 5mm. EndoREZ also showed significant sealer/dentin interface at the level of 3mm when compared to other sealers used.
INNOVATION-INVESTMENT PROVISION OF REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Skorokhod I. , Horbach L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the scientific publication is to analyze the dynamics of innovation and investment support for regional ecological development, to identify prospective ways to improve the financial incentives for innovative environmentally-oriented development of Ukrainian regions. The achievement of the purpose of environmentally sustainable development of the country and its regions requires an innovative approach, which essence is to introduce innovations aimed at accelerating quantitative and qualitative changes in the methods of management combined with the development and absorption of environmentally safe innovations, the development of the market for innovative environmental goods and services. The article emphasizes that the innovative eco-sustainable development is the main means of solving a wide range of problems in almost all spheres of life and characterizes the quality of the socio-economic system of the country as a whole and its regions. The article discusses the features of implementation of innovations and investment in the regional ecological development. It analyses the dynamics of innovation-investment support of regional ecological development based on calculations of innovation-scientific and investment indicators. This provided the basis for their rating assessment and identification of the interregional differentiation of administrative regions of Ukraine according to the indexes, which could be the basis for making managerial decisions on innovation and investment support for environmentally sustainable development, taking into account regional peculiarities. It is proved that for the activation of innovation and investment support for regional eco-sustainable development, it is necessary to determine its preconditions, taking into account the assessment of the possibilities of implementation of innovations and attraction of investments in the regions of Ukraine. Indices of innovation and investment support for environmentally safe development of the region are calculated on the basis of statistical data that have an enormous influence on their level and their grouping has been conducted according to qualitative features. A number of measures have been proposed to improve the financial incentives for innovative environmentally-oriented regional development. Keywords: innovation and investment projects, eco-sustainable development, environmental innovations, innovation activity, capital investments, financial sources. JEL Classification Q56, R58, O31, G31 Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 19.
SYSTEM OF CONCEPTS COMMUNICATIONS OF STATE INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIETY AS THE BASIS OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STABILITY
Authors: Beglytsia V. , Antonova L. , Kozlova L. , Datsii O. , Datsii N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The article analyzes the process of communication between state institutions and society. The study found that all aspects of communication between government institutions and society today acquire the characteristics of digital communication. This means that for the process of communication between government and society, its interactivity, multimedia, efficiency, extraterritoriality become relevant. It is also characteristic that the communication of state institutions and society acquires certain systemic properties — emergence, inherence, integrity. Also, as a result of the analytical study, there is a significant disparity in the access of different groups of the population to modern information and communication technologies and, as a consequence, the formation of different levels of their uptake by these groups of the population. Therefore, to increase the efficiency of communications, the subjects of the communication process should use a system of different channels of information transmission and use not a single concept, but a system of communication concepts to ensure national security and socio-economic stability. It is proven that the basis and guarantee of the formation and introduction of a systematic conceptual approach to the practical application of information and communication technologies of state institutions and society is the inevitable end-to-end digitalization of Ukraine. The process of digitalization will lead to a change in social and political activities of citizens, the formation of social strata, which is the germ of the information society and will require intellectual communication. The existence of a system of communication concepts has led to the use of a systematic approach to create an algorithm for the formation and implementation of effective communications of state institutions and society. The complex of requirements to the specified system of communications is formed due to the research. This system should be aimed at reconciling and harmonizing the interests and positions of communities of citizens; integration of social communities, optimization of administrative activity based on democratic values and observance of citizens’ rights. It also proposes areas of work to fulfill the tasks facing state institutions and society to harmonize the information and communication process and to form the basis of social stability and guarantee national security.
Keywords: communications, concept system, power, information society, digital economy.
JEL Classification H10
Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 21.
IMPACTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON HDL LEVEL OF ADULTS; IT’S SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES
Authors: Marwat Noor Muhammad , Khalid Shah , Shah Pir Muhammad Abdul Aziz , Hasnain Fayaz ul , Khan Rashid Naeem 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study to find out the impacts of a 6-weeks supervised aerobic exercise protocol on High-Density Lipoprotein among adults aged between 25-35 years was evaluated.
Methodology: Researchers through a non-probability sampling procedure selected thirty (30) volunteers ranging from 25-35 untrained adults from Lakki Marwat. Researchers used a six-week aerobic exercise protocol to collect relevant information from the targeted dependent variables. The CHOD PAP method was used to measure the High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) of adults. All the data collected from pre-and post- (HDL) tests were recorded in numerical form and analyzed by using a t-test.
Main Findings: The results of the study indicate that the six-week aerobic exercise protocol program had no significant difference on pre-and post-intervention quantities of HDL of Experimental Group which is (P>0.05).
The implication of the Study: The aerobic exercise programs used for this particular study may help adults to improve and maintain their health status, proper social stature, and lipid profile. An increase in the HLD is ideal as this increase in the HDL helps to prevent cardiovascular diseases particularly the heart valves from stroke and cardiac arrest and academic achievements of the participants.
Novelty: So far, no particular research has been conducted on the social implications of exercise effects on adults. Future researchers may work on the social habits of physically fit adults and their input to society.
PREDICTING THE INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR BY ASSESSING LEADERSHIP STYLES IN A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT
Authors: Khan Muhammad Saqib , Khan Hamid , Ullah Aman , Kamran Muhammad , Tariq Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of Study: The present study aimed to examine the leadership styles (transformational & transactional) in predicting the innovative work behavior of the teacher in higher educational institutions. Leadership is important in the transformation of attitude and behavior of followers towards assigned responsibilities, however, which style is more effective in this transformation process in the main theme of the present study.
Methodology: To achieve the desired objectives of the research, a quantitative approach was used wherein the cross-sectional design was followed by using the survey approach to attain the objectives as aligned with hypotheses. In this connection, relationships (association & cause-&-effect) among research variables were examined through statistical procedures by using SPSS.
Main Findings: The results of the study revealed that both the leadership styles are effective in the transformation process however, the role of transformational leadership is more effective as compared to transactional leadership as revealed from the results of correlation (association) and regression (cause-& effect) procedures in the context under considerations in this research study.
Applications of Study: The study is likely to be useful for the management of higher education institutions in revisiting their policies concerning the application of leadership development towards the followers. The study is also expected to be useful for future researchers in obtaining the practical guidelines from methods and procedures used in this study for their future endeavors.
Novelty/Originality of Study: This study examined the leading and burning issues like (leadership styles and followers’ innovative behavior in a native environment to produce new findings and new knowledge about the relationships between the research phenomena to contribute to the existing database of knowledge.
PENGARUH INTENSITAS BERMAIN GAME ON-LINE TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS SISWA
Authors: Febrina Conni La 
Published: July 2021

This ex post facto research, conducted at SDN Gedong 06 Pagi, Gedong village, East Jakarta in August 2013, aimed to obtain empirical data of the influence of the intensity of playing on-line games towards the aggressiveness of grade II SD. Samples were taken using the technique of cluster random sampling and simple random sampling. The data were collected using question form and analyzed employing one way analysis of Variance (ANAVA) and t-test. The results of the testing of hypotheses using ANAVA indicate different aggression of the children in the three groups of intensity playing on-line game. T- test indicates all H0 rejected but Ha accepted. The implication of this research result is the intensity performed by the children in playing on-line games could contribute to their aggression against the environment. The role and efforts of teachers and parents in providing the children with educational games, can develop pro-social behavior and positive character of the children.
PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM STIMULASI GERAK UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR BAYI USIA 0 - <12 BULAN
Authors: Puspita Widya Ayu 
Published: July 2021

This program development aimed to develop gross motor stimulation for babies (0 - <12 months), so they can develop and growth well by cephalocaudal and proximodistal pattern. In the program development,the babies are given a number of treatments to achieve the objectives. The research findings indicates a gross motor development improvement for the babies who get right gross motor stimulation. Therefore, the research suggests to continue the process that the babies can grow and develop optimally.
ВЛИЯНИЕ АНТИКОАГУЛЯНТНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ НА ТЕЧЕНИЕ COVID-19 У КОМОРБИДНЫХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ
Authors: Руженцова Татьяна , Хавкина Дарья , Чухляев Павел , Гарбузов Александр , Плоскирева Антонина 
Published: July 2021

Цель – оценить влияние активности коагуляции крови на течение новой коронавирусной инфекции и обосновать тактику ведения коморбидных пациентов, получающих пероральные антикоагулянты в подобранных ранее дозах.
Материалы и методы. Проанализировано 76 случаев подтвержденной коронавирусной инфекции у пациентов, получавших стартовую терапию амбулаторно. Из них 26 больных, получавших пероральные антикоагулянты (ривароксабан, апиксабан, дабигатран, варфарин), составили основную группу и 50 – группу сравнения, в которой пациенты не принимали до эпизода COVID-19 лекарственных средств, влияющих на свертываемость крови. Всем пациентам была назначена терапия в соответствии с Временными методическими рекомендациями.
Результаты. В группе пациентов, получавших пероральные антикоагулянты, было отмечено достоверно меньше случаев госпитализаций (19%, а в группе сравнения – 66%), отсутствие летальных исходов и случаев формирования тяжёлой дыхательной и/или почечной недостаточности, тогда как среди пациентов, не получавших антикоагулянты, неблагоприятные исходы отмечены в 14%.
Выводы. Приём пероральных антикоагулянтов, в соответствии с показаниями по сопутствующей патологии, снижает вероятность тяжёлого течения и неблагоприятных исходов при развитии коронавирусной инфекции, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, что указывает на существенный вклад звеньев свёртывающей системы крови в патогенез при COVID-19. У пациентов, получающих адекватную терапию пероральными антикоагулянтами, при лечении нетяжёлой формы коронавирусной инфекции, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, в амбулаторных условиях, не выявлено показаний для замены препаратов и коррекции схем антикоагулянтной терапии.