bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute kidney injury among medical and surgical in-patients in the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: KD Ephraim Richard , A Awuku Yaw , Tetteh-Ameh Ignatious , Baffe Charles , Aglagoh Godsway , A Ogunajo Victor , Owusu-Ansah Kizito , Adoba Prince , Kumordzi Samuel , Quarshie Joshua 
Published: August 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome associated with high morbidity, mortality and high hospital costs. Despite its adverse clinical and economic effects, only a few studies have reported reliable estimates on the incidence of AKI in sub-Sahara Africa. We assessed the incidence and associated factors of AKI among medical and surgical patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Ghana.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among one hundred and forty-five (145) consecutive patients admitted to the medical and the surgical wards at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH), Cape Coast, Ghana from April 2017 to April 2018. Socio-demographic and clinical information were collected using structured questionnaires. AKI was diagnosed and staged with the KDIGO guideline, using admission serum creatinine as baseline kidney function.
Results: The mean age of the study participants was 46.6±17.7 years, whilst the male:female ratio was 68:77. The overall incidence of AKI among the participants was 15.9% (95% CI: 10.33 – 22.84%). Stage 1 AKI occurred in 56.5% of the par- ticipants, whilst stages 2 and 3 AKI respectively occurred among 4.1% and 2.8% of respondents. About 20% of the partic- ipants in the medical ward developed AKI (n= 15) whilst 12% of those in surgical ward developed AKI (n= 8). Among the participants admitted to the medical ward, 60.0%, 26.7% and 13.3% had stages 1, 2 and 3 AKI respectively. Whilst 50.0%, 25.0% and 25.0% respectively developed stages 1, 2 and 3 AKI in the surgical ward. Medical patients with AKI had hyper- tension (40%), followed by liver disease (33.3%); 37.5% of surgical inpatients had gastrointestinal (GI) disorders.
Conclusion: The incidence of AKI is high among medical and surgical patients in-patients in the CCTH, Ghana, with hy- pertension and liver disease as major comorbidities.
Keywords: Acute kidney injury; KDIGO; medical; surgical; hypertension; liver disease.
Mortality incidence and its determinants after fragility hip fractures: a prospective cohort study from an Egyptian level one trauma center
Authors: K Abdelnasser Mohammad , A Khalifa Ahmed , G Amir Khaled , A Hassan Mohammad , A Eisa Amr , Y El-Adly Wael , K Ibrahim Ahmed , A Farouk Osama , A Abubeih Hossam 
Published: August 2021

Background: Fragility hip fracture is a common condition with serious consequences. Most outcomes data come from Western and Asian populations. There are few data from African and Middle Eastern countries.
Objective: The primary objective was to describe mortality rates after fragility hip fracture in a Level-1 trauma centre in Egypt. The secondary objective was to study the causes of re-admissions, complications, and mortality.
Methods: A prospective cohort study of 301 patients, aged > 65 years, with fragility hip fractures. Data collected included sociodemographic, co-morbidities, timing of admission, and intraoperative,ostoperative, and post-discharge data as mortal- ity, complications, hospital stay, reoperation, and re-admission. Cox regression analysis was conducted to investigate factors associated with 1-year mortality.
Results: In-hospital mortality was 8.3% (25 patients) which increased to 52.8% (159 patients) after one year; 58.5% of the deaths occurred in the first 3-months. One-year mortality was independently associated with increasing age, ASA 3-4, cardiac or hepatic co-morbidities, trochanteric fractures, total hospital stay, and postoperative ifection and metal failure.
Conclusion: Our in-hospital mortality rate resembles developed countries reports, reflecting good initial geriatric health- care. However, our 3- and 12-months mortality rates are unexpectedly high. The implementation of orthogeriatric care after discharge is mandatory to decrease mortality rates.
Keywords: Fragility hip fractures; trochanteric fractures; mortality rate.
A new grading system for female sexual dysfunction based on the female sexual function index in Egyptian women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: A Ismail Sahar , E Abdel-Azim Nagwa , A Saleh Medhat , A Mohamed Ahmed , H Yosef Ali , M Abbas Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

Objective: To provide a grading system that accurately reflects the grades of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) severity.
Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Assiut University Hospital. It included 500 women who answered the Arabic version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) after getting their consent. A gradient of FSD severity was created, classifying FSD into five grades: severe, moderate, mild to moderate, mild, and no FSD.
Results: According to our grading system, FSD was detected in 339 women (67.8 %); Mild FSD in 20.4%, mild to moderate in 41.6%, moderate in 15.3%, and severe in 22.7%. Mean scores of desire show a linear trend of reduction from 3.8 in mild to 3.36 in mild to moderate to 2.25 in moderate and markedly reduced to 2.1 in severe grade. This difference was highly statistically significant (p= 0.002). The same was reported in arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction domains, while in lubrication and pain domains, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: In this study, our grading system was complementary to the FSFI. Moreover, it seems to be more practical and useful in grading the severity of FSD.
Keywords: Female sexual dysfunction; FSFI; grading; sexual function.
Menstrual hygiene management among adolescent school girls in Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Umahi Nnennaya Esther , Atinge Sonnen , Paul Dogara Somterimmam , Joel Ubandoma Rimande 
Published: August 2021

Background: The onset of menstruation denotes a landmark event in pubertal development of the adolescent girl. Lack of adequate knowledge and good menstrual hygiene management can have far reaching consequences on the girl’s wellbeing, dignity and reproductive health.
Objectives: This study assessed the menstrual knowledge and hygiene practices of adolescent school girls in Taraba State, Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 297 adolescent school girls. Participants were selected using multistage sampling technique. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used for the analysis of data.
Results: The mean age at menarche was 13.7 years (± 6.7). Over three-quarter (76.1%) of the girls knew about menstruation before experiencing it. Mothers (48.1%) were the leading source of information about menstruation to the students. The study found that 207 (69.7%) of respondents had good knowledge about menstruation while 171 (57.58%) had good men- strual hygiene management. Knowledge was significantly associated with good menstrual hygiene management (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Knowledge of menstruation and hygienic practices during menstruation among the participants in the study was encouraging. Every adolescent girl should be equipped with the right knowledge and support for good menstrual hy- giene management.
Keywords: Menstrual hygiene; adolescents; Taraba; Nigeria.
Refractory convulsive syncope in pregnancy: a rare presentation of Takayasu’s arteritis - a case report and literature review
Authors: Alobo Gasthony , Nahurira Violah , Omona Venice , Bayo Pontius , Olum Sam 
Published: August 2021

Background: Neurological manifestation of Takayasu’s Arteritis (TA) in pregnancy presenting as convulsive syncope is extremely rare, and poses a serious diagnostic dilemma due to other vast causes of fits in pregnancy.
Objective: We aimed to present and shed more light on a case of TA with convulsive syncope in pregnancy refractory to anticonvulsants for seven weeks, and review the literature on the management of TA in pregnancy.
Case presentation: A gravida 4 para 3+0 at 28 weeks of amenorrhea presented with repeated episodes of the sudden loss of consciousness, followed by a fall and jerking of the limbs. These were refractory to anticonvulsants that she had used for seven weeks. Physical examination revealed undetectable pulse and blood pressure (BP) in the upper limbs but elevated BP in the lower limbs. Further investigations confirmed TA and she improved on steroids and antihypertensives.
Conclusion: This case typically describes the unexpected presentation of TA with convulsive syncope. It calls for meticu- lous clinical assessment of epileptic seizures in pregnancy to avoid a late diagnosis of TA and its potential poor outcomes.
Keywords: Takayasu’s Arteritis in pregnancy; convulsive syncope; case report.
High-density lipoprotein functionality in patients with hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Authors: Eren Esin , Yilmaz Necat , Yildiriım Furkan , Giray Ozlem 
Published: August 2021

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are associated with decreased risk of atherosclerotic disease, but also not all HDL are functionally equivalent. The functional status of HDL is closely linked to its primary protein component, apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-I) levels and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme. Functional changes of HDL may arise from hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) induced posttranslational modification of ApoA-1 and PON1 levels. A total of 41 patients who met the research criteria were included in the study. On average, 30 sessions of HBO therapy were performed (range: 20-39). Laboratory measurements were performed at the beginning and at the end of HBO treatment in two groups of the same patients. We measured serum levels of Apo A-1, PON1, oxidized LDL (OxLDL) and routine lipid laboratory parameters to determine possible changes in HDL function with HBO therapy. As unexpected, long term HBO treatment have no effect on OxLDL and also on PON1 enzyme. However, the mean ApoA-1 values in the second group were statistically significantly increased than their pre-treatment values (P < 0.003). This preliminary study showed that HBO therapy increased the amount of serum ApoA-1. Actually, it can be assumed that the treatment of HBO does not have a negative effect on HDL functionality. The increase in ApoA-1 with HBO therapy is probably aimed at protecting against oxidative stress in patients. As a result, there is a need for larger clinical trials to determine the possible effects of HBO therapy on HDL functionality.
The possible protective effect of Panax ginseng on experimentally induced colchicine myopathy in adult male albino rats: A histological study
Authors: Al-Maathadi Aiman , Farhan Sinan , Alzyoud Jihad , Al-Qtaitata Aiman 
Published: August 2021

Myopathy is one of the side effects of colchicine, manifested as pain, dysfunction, and weakness of muscles. Ginseng extract antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities have been reported in muscular tissue. This study was conducted to investigate whether administration of ginseng ameliorates colchicine-induced skeletal muscles damage in adult male albino rats. Forty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (ten/group) – Group I (control group): rats received normal diet and orally given normal saline, Group II: ginseng extract was administered via oral gavage daily for one month at the doses of 300 mg/kg, Group III (Colchicine treated group): rats were given colchicine (50 μg/kg/day) via oral gavage for one month, and Group IV: concomitant administration of Ginseng and colchicine for one month. Serum creatine kinase (CK) levels were measured, and skeletal muscles specimens were processed for light and electron microscopic examination. Administration of colchicine (group III) showed elevated serum CK, and histologically myofibrillar disarray foci together with cellular infiltration and edema. Group IV showed reduction in most of those manifestations. Concomitant administration of ginseng with colchicine ameliorated most of the symptoms related to colchicine induced-myopathy.
World’s Economy and Future Post-Covid-19: A Case Study China Will Impose New World Order
Authors: Gul Akhtar , Ghafoor Tanbila , Zahra Fatima 
Published: August 2021

The aim of this paper describes world’s future post-COVID-19. Coronavirus resemble pandemics exist in centuries. Exactly, one century ago influenza flu affected the world economy and social order. About millions of people died caused by pandemics along with weak and collapsed economies. The pandemic entirely affected every sphere of life, including, Labor demand and supply, tourism, economy, politics, and nature of the world. There are two possible scenarios of the world post-Covid-19.
First one world will enter new wars, hunger, and world order and so on. Second one, whole states collectively tackle this pandemic. Firstly, Economic and military strength determine the political power of a state. The US has been facing severe and critical crises since 2016. Thus, the US will not maintain power more and more. USA’s One Step Back Policy will collapse USA power and Trump loses the election, and new president will impose new wars on Asian land. European Union will disintegrate due to race of power among the powers along with world face.
Secondly, China will impose a new world order after COVID-19. Because China policies totally different from previous superpowers. During supremacy, the Great Britain and USA were adopted aggressive political and military policies. In Contrast, China adopted an economic policy which is beneficial for every society. China started to lead the world economically and politically. So, this gap will create a new war in Asia and globally. China Economic Network policy (BRI) would cover world in 2040 years.
Thirdly, world economies will face severe economic conditions like 1923, 1929 and 2008. The current recession and political scenarios are knocking a depression on world economic door.
Fourthly, emerging economy India will not cover economic power till 2025. Maybe India never achieves economic prosperity due to Jingoistic approach.
In this paper, we predicate world’s economic and politics shape post-covid-19. The virus is changed every sphere and every field of life. ? We used NiGEM model. It’s just predication, will what occur in future. About 3% Gross Domestic Product, 10% consumption, 18% manufacturing and 13% to 32% trade declined due to current pandemics. Universal recession also take place. Now, how the world’s powerful state will push the world into new wars. Which one imposed new world order post-covid-19? Does a new Great Depression knock world door
Peran Gembala Jemaat dalam Pengajaran Agama Kristen terhadap Keterlibatan Warga Jemaat dalam Pelayanan
Authors: Hutagalung Rotua Julianovia , Lie Romi 
Published: August 2021

Lack of church involvement in every church activity (service), because the congregation does not get guidance, direction, and teaching. If Christian religious teaching is taught properly and healthily, the congregation will be strong / survive, experience a change in thinking (cognitive), attitude (affective), and willing to be involved (psychomotor) in church activities. That is why, if the congregation has received formation, teaching properly and healthily, they will take root, grow, and bear fruit (Colossians 3:17). The method presented during the study was to use quantitative methods, namely distributing questionnaires to members of the Church of Christ Rahmani Indonesia, Sola Gratia Church, Ruko Permata Ujung Menteng. As a result, as a pastor, the task is not only to shepherd but also to be responsible for the spirituality of the church in providing teaching, formation, direction, and training to church members. AbstrakKurangnya keterlibatan jemaat di dalam setiap kegiatan gereja (pelayanan), karena jemaat tidak mendapatkan bimbingan, arahan, dan pengajaran. Apabila pengajaran agama Kristen diajarkan secara benar dan sehat maka jemaat akan kuat/survive, mengalami suatu perubahan di dalam berpikir (kognitip), bersikap (afektip), serta mau untuk terlibat (psikomotor) di dalam kegiatan-kegiatan gereja. Itu sebabnya, jika jemaat sudah mendapatkan pembinaan, pengajaran secara benar dan sehat maka mereka akan berakar, bertumbuh, dan berbuah (Kolose 3:17). Metode yang disajikan selama penelitian adalah menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu penyebaran angket kepada para anggota jemaat di Gereja Kristus Rahmani Indonesia Jemaat Sola Gratia, Ruko Permata Ujung Menteng. Hasilnya sebagai seorang gembala tugasnya tidak saja menggembalakan tetapi ia juga bertanggungjawab terhadap kerohanian jemaat di dalam memberikan pengajaran, pembinaan, pengarahan, dan pelatihan kepada warga jemaat.
Christian Religious Education Toward The Teenagers Character Building
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Hestiningrum Peni , Lumingkewas Marthin Steven , Putrawan Bobby Kurnia 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of Christian Religious Education on changes in the character of teenagers at GBI Bukit Sion Kelapa Gading. This study uses a quantitative survey research methodology by using a statistical regression analysis technique. The data collection technique used a Likert scale with four answer choices distributed to 40 teenagers in this study. The data processing results show a correlation between the variables of Christian Religious Education and Teenagers Character Building of 0.486 or 48.6%. This means that Christian Religious Education has a positive role in changing the character building of teenagers at GBI Bukit Sion Kelapa Gading. ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap perubahan karakter remaja di GBI Bukit Sion Kelapa Gading. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif survey dengan menggunakan teknik analisis statistika regresi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan skala likert empat pilihan jawaban yang dibagikan kepada 40 remaja yang menjadi responden penelitian ini. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan ada korelasi antara variabel Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Remaja sebesar 0,486 atau 48,6 %. Artinya bahwa Pendidikan Agama Kristen memiliki peran yang positif dalam perubahan pembentukan karakter remaja di GBI Bukit Sion Kelapa Gading.
Caminos éticos y literarios: conjunción de miradas desde las humanidades
Authors: Del Río Martínez Enriqueta Guadalupe , De Gasperín Gasperín Rafael Modesto 
Published: August 2021

Reseña de la obra colectiva e interdisicplinaria Humanidades ¿Todavía? Alternativas para pensarnos desde la Literatura y la Ética en la que participaron profesores del Sistema Tecnológico de Monterrey.Los diferentes capítulos abordan la relación entre Ética, Literatura, Filosofía, Estética, en general abogan por la relevancia y la viva presencia de las Humanidades en el devenir de la vida universitaria.
Both sides of the story How bacteria transfer through the blood–brain barrier?
Authors: Macion Adrian 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Infections of central nervous system (CNS) still represent an important cause of mortality although globally abundance of antibiotics usage. Sepsis, bacterial invasion and microbial transversal of the Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB) are required to infect CNS. The latest research showed up that bacterial translocation through the BBB includes cytoskeleton rearrangements. Three different mechanism were described: paracellular, transcellular and Trojan-horse mechanism (in phagocytes). The consequences may be dramatic – disruptions of structure and loss of functionality of the BBB causing increased permeability, inflammatory and encephalopathy. Further experimental research should lead us to gain complete understanding of the host-bacteria interaction within microbial transversal of the BBB.
Papel y perfil del docente en la transición a clases virtuales
Authors: Orellana Linares Yeny Audelí 
Published: August 2021

Este artículo presenta una descripción del papel y perfil que los docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, adoptaron en la transición de clases a la virtualidad, situación que se presentó a raíz de la Pandemia del COVID-19. En cierto modo el papel y perfil del docente ha tenido cambios en las últimas décadas como consecuencia de las demandas de la sociedad del conocimiento aunadas a los avances de la tecnología que han aportado elementos para realizar una readecuación en la forma de desarrollar la docencia.
En ese sentido, la investigación permitió analizar los cambios que adoptaron los docentes para desarrollar la enseñanza a través de la virtualidad. Se desarrolló un estudio de enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño fenomenológico y alcance descriptivo. Las técnicas utilizadas para la recolección de información fueron entrevistas y la observación. Dentro de los resultados de la investigación se puede mencionar que, en la medida en que se llevó a cabo esta transición se realizaron cambios en la metodología para llevar a cabo el trabajo docente, se asumieron los desafíos en la organización y planificación de actividades utilizando herramientas virtuales que permitieran cubrir los contenidos de las clases. Finalmente, el papel del docente en la virtualidad requiere de capacitación para la planificación de actividades sincrónicas y asincrónicas.
Evaluación un proceso que mantiene los estándares de calidad
Authors: Hernández Godoy Evelin Yesenia 
Published: August 2021

La evaluación es un proceso que requiere no solo la verificación de aspectos por mejorar, sino la toma de decisiones y por ende, la retroalimentación de los procesos obtenidos de acuerdo a los resultados. En tal sentido el artículo aborda, la evaluación como herramienta que traza planes para mejorar procesos, se trata de explicar con ello, el papel fundamental de la evaluación como parte de un mecanismo para: verificar, analizar y retroalimentar aquellos procesos que se ven desgastados o que repercuten en el logro de los estándares de calidad de educación superior. Las ideas que surgen a partir del concepto evaluación, se reflejan de manera atractiva e idónea, pero, debe tomarse en cuenta si, en realidad estas ideas son plasmadas o llevadas a la práctica de forma efectiva y pertinente, misma que se deducen de lo particular a lo general, determinando con ello, los estándares de calidad adquiridos en el estudiante de la carrera de Licenciatura en Pedagogía y Administración Educativa, del Centro Universitario de Jutiapa.
Evidenciando con ello a través de análisis realizado, un estándar parcialmente alcanzado, lo que indica que, existen repercusiones que requieren de retroalimentación para mejorar y es esta la finalidad de la evaluación “mejorar” procesos.