bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Groundsill’s stability at downstream of “Citorek” Bridge in Cimadur River, Banten Province
Authors: Fitri Arniza , Chen Hao , Yao Li , Zheng Ke-hong , Susarman  , Rossi Farli , Yin Yuxue 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Scouring problems faced in the Cimadur River especially near to the Citorek bridge abutments have become the major discussion by the local researchers and the local water resources manager in Banten Province. As an effort in reducing the scouring problem around the abutment of the Citorek bridge, a groundsill structure with specific design is going to be installed in Cimadur River at downstream of Citorek bridge. To make sure the optimal function of the structure, the stability of the groundsill structure in Cimadur River need to be evaluated. This study attempt to evaluate the stability of a groundsill structure from the occurrences of rolling and sliding at both normal and flood conditions. The eccentricity of the groundsill structure is also checked during normal and flood conditions to make sure the stability of the structure. The required data (which are consisting of detail description of the groundsill structure, cross section of the river, rainfall data, topography data and sediment/soil data) are observed in the field and obtained from P.T. Saeba Konsulindo. The data are further analysed to determine: 1) design water discharges for several return period, 2) forces acting to the groundsill structure and 3) stability of the groundsill structure in the river. The results showed that the groundsill structure are stable and safety again rolling and sliding occurrences where the safety factor (SF) for rolling and sliding are higher than critical coefficients of rolling and sliding (1.5). At normal water level, safety factors (SF) for rolling and sliding are 8.07>1.5 and 2.7>1.5, respectively, while at flood water level, SF for rolling and sliding are 5.61>1.5 and 1.88>1.5, respectively. Besides, the results also found that the groundsill is safety from eccentricity at both normal and flood conditions where the calculated coefficients of eccentricities are lower than critical coefficient of eccentricity which could cause rolling and sliding.
Waste-to-wealth in ASEAN countries: A case on e-waste generation from mobile phone
Authors: Ismail H , Hanafiah M M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential economic value of e-waste generation in ASEAN countries. The data used in this study was based on various reports. As the reliable information on e-waste generation in ASEAN countries is scarce, the study only evaluated the potential economic value of e-waste generation from mobile phone. The results showed that the potential economic value of e-waste from mobile phone around the world was valued at US$ 18,545.27 million. For ASEAN countries, it was valued at US$ 2,019.06 million, higher than 27 developed countries in European Union that valued at US$ 1,286.59 million. Currently, apart from the ineffective implementation of e-waste regulation, the lack of reliable information and data to estimate e-waste generation and its future projection was a common problem faced by ASEAN countries that impending the development of sustainable e-waste management. Therefore, the potential economic value of e-waste generation in ASEAN countries could be higher, if various other products were included in the analysis with a reliable information and data. Finally, some recommendation was made that includes the need a thorough intergovernmental cooperation and collaboration among ASEAN countries in order to reap a potential economic benefit from continuously growing e-waste in this region.
Parameter estimation and hypothesis testing of geographically and temporally weighted bivariate generalized Poisson regression
Authors: Purwanti Setyorini Indah , Sutikno  , Purhadi  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Poisson regression is used to model the data with the response variable in the form of count data. This modeling must meet the equidispersion assumption. That is, the average value is the same as the variance. However, this assumption is often violated. Violation of the equidispersion assumption in Poisson regression modeling will result in invalid conclusions. These violations are an overdispersion and an underdispersion of the response variable. Generalized Poisson Regression (GPR) is an alternative if there is a violation of the equidispersion assumption. If there are two correlated response variables, modeling will use the Bivariate Generalized Poisson Regression (BGPR). However, in the panel data with the observation unit in the form of an area, BGPR is not quite right because there is spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the data. Geographically and Temporally Weighted Bivariate Generalized Poisson Regression (GTWBGPR) is a method for modeling spatial and temporal heterogeneity data. GTWBGPR is a development of GWBGPR. In GTWBGPR, besides accommodating spatial effects, it also accommodates temporal effects. This research will discuss the parameter estimation and test statistics for the GTWBGPR model. Parameter estimation uses Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), but the result is not closed-form, so it is solved by numerical iteration. The numerical iteration used is Newton-Raphson. The test statistic for simultaneous testing uses the Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test (MLRT). With large samples, then this test statistic has a chi-square distribution approximation. So the test statistic for the partial test uses the Z test statistic.
Parameter estimation and hypothesis testing of geographically and temporally weighted bivariate Poisson inverse Gaussian regression model
Authors: Sari Meylita , Sutikno  , Purhadi  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the appropriate methods used to model count data response and its corresponding predictors is Poisson regression. Poisson regression strictly assumes that the mean and variance of response variables should be equal (equidispersion). Nonetheless, some cases of the count data unsatisfied this assumption because variance can be larger than mean (over-dispersion). If overdispersion is violated, causing the underestimate standard error. Furthermore, this will lead to incorrect conclusions in the statistical test. Thus, a suitable method for modelling this kind of data needs to develop. One alternative model to outcome the overdispersion issue in bivariate response variable is the Bivariate Poisson Inverse Gaussian Regression (BPIGR) model. The BPIGR model can produce a global model for all locations. On the other hand, each location and time have different geographic conditions, social, cultural, and economical so that Geographically and Temporally Bivariate Poisson Inverse Gaussian Regression (GTWBPIGR)) is needed. The weighting function spatial-temporal in GTWBPIGR generates a different local model for each period. GTWBPIGR model solves the overdispersion case and generates global models for each period and location. The parameter estimation of the GTWBPIGR model uses the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method, followed by Newton Raphson iteration. Meanwhile, the test statistics on the hypothesis testing is simultaneously testing of the GTWBPIGR model is obtained with the Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test (MLRT) approach, using n large samples of the statistical test is chi-square distribution. Moreover, the test statistics for partially testing used the Z-test statistic.
Life cycle assessment of crushed glass abrasive manufacturing from recycled glass
Authors: Zulkarnain I , Lai L S , Syakir M I , Rahman A A , Yusuff S , Hanafiah M M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the key motivation factors to determine the characteristics of green abrasives, contributing to carbon emissions reduction, reduce waste generation and build up a recycling-based sustainable blasting industry. Such aim can be evaluated through life cycle assessment as a structured basis for evaluating the performance of environmental impacts and benefits of green abrasives application in blasting industry. Crushed glass is one of zero free silica content abrasives from recycled glass, and it is widely used due to inert and safe characteristics. Database of life cycle inventory (LCI) are obtained through literature review. Production of 1 ton/year of crushed glass abrasives has been modelled at gate-to-gate boundary where the human health appears as the major impact potentials (0.71 DALY, disability-adjusted life year) at the production stage. The selection of 100% recycled glass as the raw materials in the supply chain has led to insignificant impact potentials of resources scarcity and ecosystem damages per unit production of 1 ton of crushed glass at USD 4.79 and 0.06 species. year, respectively.
Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions by pomelo peel derived biochar in a permeable reactive barrier: modelling, optimization and mechanism
Authors: Xiang Gang , Long Shengxing , Liu Huijuan , Wu Xianliang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Biochar can have multiple benefits, such as solid waste recycling, water pollution treatment, carbon fixation and sustainability, and it is green, friendly, inexpensive and highly efficient. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions using pomelo peel derived biochar combined with a permeable reactive barrier (PRB). Meanwhile, the materials were characterized using SEM, FIIR, XRD, N2 adsorption, Zeta potential, TGA and XPS. The removal conditions were optimized by a response surface methodology (RSM) and a back propagation combined with genetic algorithm (BP-GA). The results show that there were slight changes in the structure of the pomelo peel derived biochar before and after activation, while the variation was not significant. The specific surface areas of the not activated and activated pomelo peel derived biochars were 3.207 m2 g−1 and 6.855 m2 g−1, respectively. The pore diameter of the former was 4.165 nm and that of the latter was 4.425 nm, indicating that the two materials are mainly mesoporous. BP-GA is more suitable than RSM for optimizing the removal conditions of Cd(II) using the prepared materials combined with PRB. The maximum removal efficiency of Cd(II) was 90.31% at biochar dosage = 4.84, reaction time = 53.75 min, initial Cd(II) concentration = 19.36 mg l−1 and initial pH = 6.07. The verification experiment was 88.74% under these experimental conditions, and the absolute error was 1.57%. The saturated adsorption capacity of quartz sand for Cd(II) is approximately 0.08 mg g−1 when reaching equilibrium. The saturated adsorption capacity of biochar for Cd(II) is approximately 29.76 mg g−1. Pseudo second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm adsorption were more suitable for describing the Cd(II) adsorbed from an aqueous solution by activated pomelo peel derived biochar. The adsorption process of Cd(II) by the prepared biochar was spontaneous, endothermic and entropy driven. Our results suggest that the modified pomelo peel derived biochar can be regenerated within the fourth cycle and that it has application prospects as a useful adsorbent for water treatment in PRB systems. This finding provides a reference for relieving Cd pollution and for its large scale removal from wastewater when combined with a PRB system.
3D chest tomosynthesis using a stationary flat panel source array and a stationary detector: a Monte Carlo proof of concept
Authors: Primidis Thomas G , Wells Stephen G , Soloviev Vadim Y , Welsch Carsten P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
3D imaging modalities such as computed tomography and digital tomosynthesis typically scan the patient from different angles with a lengthy mechanical movement of a single x-ray tube. Therefore, millions of 3D scans per year require expensive mechanisms to support a heavy x-ray source and have to compensate for machine vibrations and patient movements. However, recent developments in cold-cathode field emission technology allow the creation of compact, stationary arrays of emitters. Adaptix Ltd has developed a novel, low-cost, square array of such emitters and demonstrated 3D digital tomosynthesis of human extremities and small animals. The use of cold-cathode field emitters also makes the system compact and lightweight. This paper presents Monte Carlo simulations of a concept upgrade of the Adaptix system from the current 60 kVp to 90 kVp and 120 kVp which are better suited for chest imaging. Between 90 kVp and 120 kVp, 3D image quality appears insensitive to voltage and at 90 kVp the photon yield is reduced by 40%–50% while effective dose declines by 14%. A square array of emitters can adequately illuminate a subject for tomosynthesis from a shorter source-to-image distance, thereby reducing the required input power, and offsetting the 28%–50% more input power that is required for operation at 90 kVp. This modelling suggests that lightweight, stationary cold-cathode x-ray source arrays could be used for chest tomosynthesis at a lower voltage, with less dose and without sacrificing image quality. This will reduce weight, size and cost, enabling 3D imaging to be brought to the bedside.
Investigation of mixed convection magnetized Casson nanomaterial flow with activation energy and gyrotactic microorganisms
Authors: Haq Fazal , Saleem Muzher , Khan M Ijaz 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Present article addresses mixed convection magnetohydrodynamic Casson nanomaterial flow by stretchable cylinder. The effects of thermal, solutal and motile density stratifications at the boundary of the surface are accounted. Flow governing expressions are acquired considering aspects of permeability, thermal radiation, chemical reaction, viscous dissipation and activation energy. The obtained flow model is made dimensionless through transformations and then tackled by NDsolve code in Mathematica. Physical impacts of sundry variables on nanomaterial velocity, temperature distribution, volume fraction of microorganisms and mass concentration is investigated through plots. Furthermore, quantities of engineering interest like surface drag force, heat transfer rate, density number and Sherwood number are computed and analyzed. We observed that fluid velocity diminishes for higher curvature variable, Casson fluid material variable, Hartmann number and permeability parameter. Fluid temperature has a direct relation with Eckert number, thermophoresis variable, Brownian dispersal parameter, Prandtl number and Hartmann number. Volume fraction of gyrotactic microorganisms is decreasing function of bioconvection Lewis number, stratification parameter and bioconvection Peclet number. Detailed observations are itemized at the end.
Ge-on-Si single-photon avalanche diode detectors for short-wave infrared wavelengths
Authors: Thorburn Fiona , Yi Xin , Greener Zoë M , Kirdoda Jaroslaw , Millar Ross W , Huddleston Laura L , Paul Douglas J , Buller Gerald S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Germanium-on-silicon (Ge-on-Si) based single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have recently emerged as a promising detector candidate for ultra-sensitive and picosecond resolution timing measurement of short-wave infrared (SWIR) photons. Many applications benefit from operating in the SWIR spectral range, such as long distance light detection and ranging, however, there are few single-photon detectors exhibiting the high-performance levels obtained by all-silicon SPADs commonly used for single-photon detection at wavelengths <1 µm. This paper first details the advantages of operating at SWIR wavelengths, the current technologies, and associated issues, and describes the potential of Ge-on-Si SPADs as a single-photon detector technology for this wavelength region. The working principles, fabrication and characterisation processes of such devices are subsequently detailed. We review the research in these single-photon detectors and detail the state-of-the-art performance. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities offered by Ge-on-Si SPAD detectors are discussed.
Gradient domain machine learning with composite kernels: improving the accuracy of PES and force fields for large molecules
Authors: Asnaashari K , Krems R V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The generalization accuracy of machine learning models of potential energy surfaces (PES) and force fields (FF) for large polyatomic molecules can be improved either by increasing the number of training points or by improving the models. In order to build accurate models based on expensive ab initio calculations, much of recent work has focused on the latter. In particular, it has been shown that gradient domain machine learning (GDML) models produce accurate results for high-dimensional molecular systems with a small number of ab initio calculations. The present work extends GDML to models with composite kernels built to maximize inference from a small number of molecular geometries. We illustrate that GDML models can be improved by increasing the complexity of underlying kernels through a greedy search algorithm using Bayesian information criterion as the model selection metric. We show that this requires including anisotropy into kernel functions and produces models with significantly smaller generalization errors. The results are presented for ethanol, uracil, malonaldehyde and aspirin. For aspirin, the model with composite kernels trained by forces at 1000 randomly sampled molecular geometries produces a global 57-dimensional PES with the mean absolute accuracy 0.177 kcal mol−1 (61.9 cm−1) and FFs with the mean absolute error 0.457 kcal mol−1 Å−1.
Analysis of the charging kinetics in silver nanoparticles-silica nanocomposite dielectrics at different temperatures
Authors: Djaou C , Villeneuve-Faure C , Makasheva K , Boudou L , Teyssedre G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Dielectric nanocomposite materials are now involved in a large panel of electrical engineering applications ranging from micro-/nano-electronics to power devices. The performances of all these systems are critically dependent on the evolution of the electrical properties of the dielectric parts, especially under temperature increase. In this study we investigate the impact of a single plane of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), embedded near the surface of a thin silica (SiO2) layer, on the electric field distribution, the charge injection and the charge dynamic processes for different AgNPs-based nanocomposites and various temperatures in the range 25°C–110°C. The electrical charges are injected locally by using an Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) tip and the related surface potential profile is probed by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). To get deeper in the understanding of the physical phenomena, the electric field distribution in the AgNPs-based nanocomposites is computed by using a Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The results show a strong electrostatic coupling between the AFM tip and the AgNPs, as well as between the AgNPs when the AgNPs-plane is embedded in the vicinity of the SiO2-layer surface. At low temperature (25°C) the presence of an AgNPs-plane close to the surface, i.e., at a distance of 7 nm, limits the amount of injected charges. Besides, the AgNPs retain the injected charges and prevent from charge lateral spreading after injection. When the temperature is relatively high (110°C) the amount of injected charges is increased in the nanocomposites compared to low temperatures. Moreover, the speed of lateral charge spreading is increased for the AgNPs-based nanocomposites. All these findings imply that the lateral charge transport in the nanocomposite structures is favored by the closely situated AgNPs because of the strong electrostatic coupling between them, additionally activated by the temperature increase.
Hyaluronic Acid Compound Filling Plus Mesotherapy vs Botulinum Toxin A for the Treatment of Horizontal Neck Lines: A Multicenter, Randomized, Evaluator-Blinded, Prospective Study in Chinese Subjects
Authors: Li Yiming , Liao Meirong , Zhu Yijin , Gao Jie , Song Yang , Zhai Yang , Zhu Miao , He Yan , Dong Weiwei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Although energy devices and botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) can alleviate age-related laxity, ptosis, and platysmal bands, they have limited efficacy on horizontal neck lines.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy, safety, and subject satisfaction of a combined treatment of non–cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) compound filling plus mesotherapy for the correction of horizontal neck lines, in comparison with BTX-A.

Methods
This multicenter, randomized, evaluator-blinded, prospective study enrolled female patients with moderate-to-severe horizontal neck lines corrected with either 2 or 3 sessions of of non–cross-linked HA compound filling plus mesotherapy or 1 session of BTX-A injection. Improvement of the neck lines grades, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), patient satisfaction, and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated and compared at 1, 3, 6, and 10 months after the final treatment.

Results
Twenty-five patients received HA filling plus mesotherapy and 23 received BTX-A injection. Compared with BTX-A, the HA compound filling plus mesotherapy significantly improved the horizontal neck lines grades on all follow-up visits (P = 0.000). Cases of different baseline grades (2, 2.5, and 3) demonstrated similar outcomes. The GAIS and patients’ satisfaction ratings were significantly higher for the HA filling plus mesotherapy treatment group (P = 0.000). Significantly higher pain ratings, higher incidence, and longer recovery of AEs (erythema, edema, and ecchymosis) were noticed in the combined treatment group (P &lt; 0.001). No serious AEs occurred.

Conclusions
Compared with BTX-A, combined treatment with HA compound filling plus mesotherapy significantly improved moderate-to-severe horizontal neck lines and achieved a high level of patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence: 4
Cortical circuit dysfunction in a mouse model of alpha-synucleinopathy in vivo
Authors: Blumenstock Sonja , Sun Fanfan , Klaus Carolin , Marinković Petar , Sgobio Carmelo , Paeger Lars , Liebscher Sabine , Herms Jochen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Considerable fluctuations in cognitive performance and eventual dementia are an important characteristic of alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease and Lewy Body dementia and are linked to cortical dysfunction. The presence of misfolded and aggregated alpha-synuclein in the cerebral cortex of patients has been suggested to play a crucial role in this process. However, the consequences of a-synuclein accumulation on the function of cortical networks at cellular resolution in vivo are largely unknown. Here, we induced robust a-synuclein pathology in the cerebral cortex using the striatal seeding model in wild-type mice. Nine months after a single intrastriatal injection of a-synuclein preformed fibrils, we observed profound alterations of the function of layer 2/3 cortical neurons in somatosensory cortex by in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in awake mice. We detected increased spontaneous activity levels, an enhanced response to whisking and increased synchrony. Stereological analyses revealed a reduction in glutamic acid decarboxylase 67-positive inhibitory neurons in the somatosensory cortex of mice injected with preformed fibrils. Importantly, these findings point to a disturbed excitation/inhibition balance as a relevant driver of circuit dysfunction, potentially underlying cognitive changes in alpha-synucleinopathies.