bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in Pediatric Keratoconus
Authors: Alipour Fateme , Ansari Shabnam , Dadman Nima , Hafezi Farhad 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate the visual, refractive, and topographic outcomes of accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in the pediatric age group.

Methods:
In this retrospective case series study, 89 eyes of 56 patients with progressive keratoconus (KCN) who were under or equal to 18 years old at the time of surgery were included. All patients underwent accelerated corneal CXL. A thorough baseline and follow-up ophthalmic examination including uncorrected distance visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp and fundus examination, and corneal tomography by Scheimpflg camera Pentacam (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) were performed.

Results:
The mean age of patients was 16.2 ± 1.8 years. Mean follow-up was 16.46 ± 11.6 months (range, 6–40 months). The mean BCVA improved significantly from 0.26 ± 0.26 to 0.16 ± 0.19 (logMAR) after accelerated CXL (P < 0.001). The mean corneal astigmatism based on refraction decreased from 3.69 ± 2.12 to 3.15 ± 1.86 after the intervention (P = 0.016). The mean maximum keratometry (Kmax) reduced significantly from 53.23 ± 6.07 diopter (D) to 52.23 ± 6.33 D (P = 0.047). The mean flat keratometry (K1) reduced from 46.37 ± 3.69 to 45.95 ± 3.65 after the intervention (P = 0.119).

Conclusion:
Our study shows that accelerated CXL increases visual acuity and stabilizes or improves keratometric indices in pediatric patients with progressive KCN without any serious complication for a mean follow-up time of 16 months.
Periodontal treatment need, interdental cleaning habit and dental services utilization of a Nigerian population
Authors: Dosumu Elizabeth B. , Soroye Modupeoluwa O. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Optimal home-use plaque-control measure maintains a functional dentition and reduces the risk of loss of periodontal attachment throughout life. The combination of toothbrushing and inter-proximal oral hygiene devices optimally prevents plaque accumulation. Individual’s attitude, lack of awareness and affordability are barriers for the utilization of dental services. This study evaluated the interdental cleaning habits; periodontal treatment needs and dental service utilization of a Nigerian population.

Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on socio-demographics, use of interdental cleaning aid and health services utilization of participants. A full-mouth examination was done to assess the periodontal status and the treatment needs of the participants using the CPITN probe. Data was analyzed using Epi info 2008 version 3.5.1.

Result: Only 24.4% of the participants who claimed to clean interdentally actually used dental floss and interdental brushes) while majority of them ({160(71.2%)} used toothpicks. Three out of five participants {49(59%)} who do not clean interdentally, didn’t know that they had to do so. Though 284(92.2%) of the participants do not routinely access oral care, almost half (49.7%) had previous dental check-ups, scaling and polishing, tooth extractions and restorations. 44(14.3%) did not need periodontal treatment, 131(42.5%) needed Oral Hygiene Instruction (OHI) and Scaling and Polishing (S&P) and 19(6.2%) needed OHI, S&P and sub-gingival scaling.
Conclusion: Dental services utilization was low until they perceived that they have a dental ailment, appropriate interdental aids were not used and knowledge on the need for interdental cleaning and advance periodontal treatment need of the participants were low.
Untreated malocclusions and oral health status of an urban population in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Aikins Elfleda Angelina , Soroye Modupeoluwa Omotunde 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Lack of awareness and an accompanying lack of knowledge results in a lack of utilization of dental services and a consequent increased burden of oral disease. This study assessed untreated malocclusions and the oral health status of an urban population.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study design was employed. Data was collected from consenting participants using an interviewer administered questionnaire after which an intraoral examination was carried out on each participant. Data was analysed using the SPSS version 20 and the level of significance set at p<0.05.
Results: There were a total of 403 participants in this study. About a tenth of the participants indulged in oral habits 41 (10.2%). Untreated malocclusions in the form of tooth displacements 35 (8.7%), rotations 32 (7.9%), crossbite 9 (2.2%) and scissors bite 1 (0.3%) were seen in the study population. Majority, 383 (95%) used a toothbrush and flouridated toothpaste to clean their teeth and 264 (65.5%) brushed once a day. Most of the participants 281 (69.7%) had good oral hygiene.
Conclusion: Several untreated malocclusions comprising tooth rotations, displacements, crossbite, scissors bite and anterior open bite were seen in our study population. Their utilization of dental services was poor but oral health practices were good which translated to good oral hygiene and low DMFT.
Apparent life-threatening events and brief resolved unexplained events: management of children at a Swiss tertiary care center
Authors: Evers Katrina S. , Wellmann Sven , Donner Birgit C. , Ritz Nicole 
Published: October 2021

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Apparent life threatening events (ALTEs) are highly stressful situations for the caregiver and commonly result in presentation of the child to an emergency department. As the events are usually brief and resolve in a short period of time, the entity is now called a brief resolved unexplained event (BRUE). Updated recommendations have been published in recent years on the management of BRUE, including a risk stratification to identify those at lower risk for subsequent events or severe underlying disorders. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of ALTE and BRUE at our hospital and detail clinical practice of management in this population in a tertiary care children’s hospital in Switzerland.

METHODS: We retrospectively analysed all cases of children with an ALTE or BRUE admitted to the University Children’s Hospital Basel between September 2009 and April 2018, identified using ICD-10GM coding. Electronic health records were used to extract data on diagnostic procedures, duration of admission and outcome. Infants with a lower-risk BRUE (defined as age >60 days and <1year, born at ≥32 weeks gestational age and postconceptional age ≥45 weeks, first BRUE episode with a duration of <1 minute and no cardiopulmonary resuscitation by trained medical provider required) were compared with those with a higher-risk BRUE/ALTE (not fulfilling all the criteria for lower-risk BRUE).
RESULTS: A total of 65 patients with a median age of 42 days (interquartile range 20–67) were identified, of whom 15% were classified as having a lower-risk BRUE. A blood sample was analysed in 97% of patients, cranial ultrasound was performed in 63%, an electrocardiogram in 78% and polysomnography in 26%. The results remained normal in almost all patients and none had a further event recorded during admission. In one patient only QTc prolongation was detected as a potential serious underlying disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that admission for more than 24 hours and extensive investigations for infants admitted for an ALTE/BRUE rarely led to identification of specific underlying causes. According to current recommendations, 15% of the admitted patients could be categorised as having a lower-risk BRUE and therefore hospital admissions and investigations can safely be reduced. We propose an adaptation of the current Swiss recommendations for ALTE/BRUE to optimise clinical management of children presenting with a BRUE.
Pengaruh Religiusitas, Motivasi, Pengetahuan dan Pemahaman Perpajakan terhadap Perilaku Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi (Studi Empiris pada KPP Pratama Surabaya Genteng)
Authors: Arini Cynthia Dwi , Rahman Arif , Mahsina Mahsina 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh religiusitas, motivasi, pengetahuan dan pemahaman perpajakan terhadap perilkau kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian penjelasan (explanatory research) dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi di KPP Surabaya Genteng. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 99 responden dengan pendekatan insidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner dan diuji dengan validitas, reabilitas, analisis regresi berganda, koefisien determinasi dan uji hipotesis (uji t) dengan menggunkaan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas, motivasi, pengetahuan dan pemahaman per-pajakan yang dimiliki wajib pajak berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap perilaku kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi.
Pengaruh Pressure, Opportunity, Rationalization Terhadap Pendeteksian Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Dasar Dan Kimia Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Periode 2017-2019)
Authors: Sari Dewi Ratna , Lestari Tri , Rosyafah Siti 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa fraud triangle terhadap pendeteksian kecurangan laporan keuangan.Teori fraud triangle yang dikemukan oleh Cressey (1953) menyatakan Â bahwaÂ terdapat Â tigaÂ kondisi Â yang Â selalu Â hadirÂ dalam Â setiap Â kejadian kecurangan yaitu pressure, opportunity, dan rationalization. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dan berdasarkan kreteria tersebut di dapatkan sampel sebanyak 69 perusahaan. Analisa data memggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa opportunity dan rationalization terbukti berpengaruh terhadap pendeteksian kecurangan laporan keuangan. Sedangkan variabel pressure tidak berpengaruh dalam pendeteksian kecurangan laporan keuangan.
Estudo Analítico Da Técnica De Glicerinação Empregada Para Conservação De Peças Anatômicas – Experiência Da Disciplina De Anatomia Humana Do Departamento De Morfologia Do UniFOA
Authors: Silva Evandro M. e , Dias Gilvando , Tavares Mauro , Marques Tatiana , Furtado José Marciano 
Published: October 2021

A preocupação com a conservação dos corpos existe há mais de 5000 anos. Vários químicos, farmacêuticos, alquimistas, médicos, entre outros, tentaram descobrir técnicas para conservação de corpos. De início o principal objetivo era de cunho religioso. Contudo, posteriormente, a finalidade científico-acadêmica, passou a preponderar. No ano de 1762 Karl Wilhelm Sheele descobriu a glicerina. Dentre várias técnicas utilizadas na conservação de corpos, destacamos a glicerinação e a plastinação. Esta última de custo ainda muito caro, está sendo amplamente empregada na Europa e nos EUA. Em algumas universidades brasileiras a plastinação já está sendo empregada. Contudo, em função dos baixos custos, da relativa facilidade mo manuseio da técnica e de excelentes resultados estéticos, a glicerinação tem conquistado um grande contingente acadêmico. Por fim, objetivamos com este artigo, além de um breve histórico sobre a conservação de corpos, descrever a técnica de glicerinação de cadáveres e fazer um breve comentário analítico no se refere aos custos, resultados e durabilidade de peças anatômicas glicerinadas.
Brezhnev
Authors: Schattenberg Susanne 
Published: October 2021

Leonid Brezhnev was leader of the Soviet Union for eighteen years, a term of leadership second only in length to that of Stalin. He presided over the Brezhnev Doctrine, which accelerated the Cold War, and led the Soviet Union through catastrophic foreign policy decisions such as the invasion of Afghanistan. To many in the West, he is responsible for the stagnation (and to some even collapse) of the Soviet Union. But much of this history has been based on the only two English-language biographies (both published before Brezhnev’s death and without access to archival sources) and Brezhnev’s own astonishingly untrue memoirs – written for propaganda purposes.
Newly translated from German, Schattenberg’s magisterial book systematically dismantles the stereotypical and one-dimensional view of Brezhnev as the stagnating Stalinist by drawing on a wealth of archival research and documents not previously studied in English. The Brezhnev that emerges is a complex one, from his early apolitical years, when he dreamed of becoming an actor, through his swift and surprising rise through the Party ranks. From his hitherto misunderstood role in Khrushchev’s ousting and appointment as his successor, to his somewhat pro-Western foreign policy aims, deft consolidation and management of power, and ultimate descent into addiction and untimely death. For Schattenberg, this is the story of a flawed and ineffectual idealist – for the West, this biography makes a convincing case that Brezhnev should be reappraised as one of the most interesting and important political figures of the twentieth century.
Time Regained
Authors: Ungureanu Delia 
Published: October 2021

Over the past 30 years, the fields of world literature and world cinema have developed on parallel but largely separate tracks, with little recognition of their underlying similarities and the ways that each can learn from the other. Time Regained does not move from literature to cinema, but exists simultaneously in both fields. The 7 filmmakers selected here, Andrei Tarkovsky, Akira Kurosawa, Martin Scorsese, Raúl Ruíz, Wong Kar Wai, Stephen Daldry, and Paolo Sorrentino, are themselves also writers or people with literary training, and they produce a new type of world cinema thanks to their understanding of the world simultaneously through literature and film. In the process, their films produce new readings of literary texts that world literature studies wouldn’t have been able to achieve with its own instruments.
Time Regained examines how filmmakers build on literature to reconfigure the world as a landscape of dreams and how they use film to reinvent the narrative techniques of the authors on whom they draw. The selected filmmakers draw inspiration from French surrealists, modernists Marcel Proust, Virginia Woolf, and Marguerite Yourcenar, and predecessors such as Dante and Cao Xueqin. In the process, these filmmakers cross the borders between film and literature, nation and world, dream and reality.
Gravity wave instability structures and turbulence from more than 1.5 years of OH* airglow imager observations in Slovenia
Authors: Sedlak René , Hannawald Patrick , Schmidt Carsten , Wüst Sabine , Bittner Michael , Stanič Samo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We analysed 286 nights of data from the OH* airglow
imager FAIM 3 (Fast Airglow IMager) acquired at Otlica Observatory
(45.93∘ N, 13.91∘ E), Slovenia, between 26 October 2017
and 6 June 2019. Measurements have been performed with a spatial resolution
of 24 m per pixel and a temporal resolution of 2.8 s. A two-dimensional fast Fourier transform is applied to the image data to
derive horizontal wavelengths between 48 m and 4.5 km in the upper
mesosphere/lower thermosphere (UMLT) region. In contrast to the statistics
of larger-scale gravity waves (horizontal wavelength up to ca. 50 km; Hannawald et al., 2019), we find a more isotropic distribution of directions
of propagation, pointing to the presence of wave structures created above
the stratospheric wind fields. A weak seasonal tendency of a majority of
waves propagating eastward during winter may be due to instability features
from breaking secondary gravity waves that were created in the stratosphere.
We also observe an increased southward propagation during summer, which we
interpret as an enhanced contribution of secondary gravity waves created as
a consequence of primary wave filtering by the meridional mesospheric
circulation. We present multiple observations of turbulence episodes captured by our
high-resolution airglow imager and estimated the energy dissipation rate in
the UMLT from image sequences in 25 cases. Values range around
0.08 and 9.03 W kg−1 and are on average higher than those in recent literature. The values
found here would lead to an approximated localized maximum heating of
0.03–3.02 K per turbulence event. These are in the same range as the daily
chemical heating rates for the entire atmosphere reported by Marsh (2011),
which apparently stresses the importance of dynamical energy conversion in
the UMLT.
Soil organic carbon dynamics from agricultural management practices under climate change
Authors: Herzfeld Tobias , Heinke Jens , Rolinski Susanne , Müller Christoph 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC) on cropland has been proposed as a climate change mitigation strategy to reduce global greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere, which in particular is needed to achieve the targets proposed in the Paris Agreement to limit the increase in atmospheric temperature to well below 2 ∘C. We analyze the historical evolution and future development of cropland SOC using the global process-based biophysical model LPJmL, which was recently extended by a detailed representation of tillage practices and residue management (version 5.0-tillage2). We find that model results for historical global estimates for SOC stocks are at the upper end of available literature, with ∼2650 Pg C of SOC stored globally in the year 2018, ∼170 Pg C of which is stored in cropland soils. In future projections, assuming no further changes in current cropland patterns and under four different management assumptions with two different climate forcings, RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, results suggest that agricultural SOC stocks decline in all scenarios, as the decomposition of SOC outweighs the increase in carbon inputs into the soil from altered management practices. Different climate change scenarios, as well as assumptions on tillage management, play a minor role in explaining differences in SOC stocks. The choice of tillage practice explains between 0.2 % and 1.3 % of total cropland SOC stock change in the year 2100. Future dynamics in cropland SOC are most strongly controlled by residue management: whether residues are left on the field or harvested. We find that on current cropland, global cropland SOC stocks decline until the end of the century by only 1.0 % to 1.4 % if residue retention management systems are generally applied and by 26.7 % to 27.3 % in the case of residue harvest. For different climatic regions, increases in cropland SOC can only be found for tropical
dry, warm temperate moist, and warm temperate dry regions in management
systems that retain residues.
Constraining 3D geometric gravity inversion with a 2D reflection seismic profile using a generalized level set approach: application to the eastern Yilgarn Craton
Authors: Rashidifard Mahtab , Giraud Jérémie , Lindsay Mark , Jessell Mark , Ogarko Vitaliy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. One of the main tasks in 3D geological modeling is the boundary
parametrization of the subsurface from geological observations and
geophysical inversions. Several approaches have been developed for geometric
inversion and joint inversion of geophysical datasets. However, the robust,
quantitative integration of models and datasets with different spatial
coverage, resolution, and levels of sparsity remains challenging. One
promising approach for recovering the boundary of the geological units is
the utilization of a level set inversion method with potential field data.
We focus on constraining 3D geometric gravity inversion with sparse
lower-uncertainty information from a 2D seismic section. We use a level set approach to recover the geometry of geological bodies
using two synthetic examples and data from the geologically complex Yamarna
Terrane (Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia). In this study, a 2D seismic
section has been used for constraining the location of rock unit boundaries
being solved during the 3D gravity geometric inversion. The proposed work is
the first we know of that automates the process of adding spatially
distributed constraints to the 3D level set inversion. In many hard-rock
geoscientific investigations, seismic data are sparse, and our results
indicate that unit boundaries from gravity inversion can be much better
constrained with seismic information even though they are sparsely
distributed within the model. Thus, we conclude that it has the potential to
bring the state of the art a step further towards building a 3D geological
model incorporating several sources of information in similar regions of
investigation.
CONCÉNTRICA
Authors: Meléndez Clemencia , Vaca Janeth , Quintero Alonso 
Published: October 2021

Como cualquier espacio para el pensamiento, la revista Concéntrica, del programa de Arquitectura de la Corporación Universitaria del Meta se proyecta como ese lugar que promueve tanto la reflexión como el intercambio de conocimiento surgido al interior de la academia, pero también en la órbita de la misma. Esto teniendo en cuenta las relaciones con la sociedad y los diferentes actores intelectuales de las comunidades. Es la arquitectura un artefacto que opera desde las tecnoloías hasta el acontecer humanístico, y en ese debate se crea cultura.
نظرية خلق الإنسان في القرآن
Authors: عبدالرحيم محمد عبدالرحيم د/ نسيبة 
Published: October 2021

Since ancient times speculate rights and looking at how creation, creation of the universe or article as well as the creation of life on the planet there are legends explaining the origins of the universe and creation, where she developed theories claim that life originated on earth by chance and perhaps (Darwin) is the most famous of the announced the so-called theory of evolution and development by declaring that life arose as soon as coincidence Pure and evolution of objects from the objects and single-celled objects vehicle was the basis of the conflict and objects powerful is that prevailed and prevail constantly and death that the micro-organisms and even viruses were still living around us, as well as bacteria and fungi, they also have a rolein the preservation of bio-diversity, who became a target of humanity itself finally.
And by reference to the Quran, we find that the elements of the story of the creation of man scattered verses are varied and multiple, but in the end, are integrated in a coherent theory describing this attitude, no doubt that this cohesion giving it a lot of the characteristics of credibility and persuasion, as they fill up the blanks, which seeks the mind is always to exploration in search More definitive answer, and stresses that what was mentioned in the Koran about this subject has not invalidated until today any scientific fact established by the researchers, but already proved the Koran every scientific fact.
الدولة الغزنوية
Authors: عباس يوسف احمد د. نور الدين 
Published: October 2021

Ghazonic State became an independent country from the Abbasi Ghaiphate in the 10th AD century. It was established in the area eastern Dijla River up to India and China frontiers. Ghazonians were able to build a strong State based on Islamic civilization. Its age prolonged for two centuries. It played an important role in the history of the area.
The establishment of the State was a good addition to the Islamic civilization in that region, it contributed spiritually, financially intellectually, socially and economically in the development of regions ruled by Ghazonic State.