bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of augmented reality versus traditional advertising: a comparison between neurophysiological and self-reported measures
Authors: Pozharliev Rumen , De Angelis Matteo , Rossi Dario 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDespite the growing application of augmented reality in advertising, there is limited understanding about how customers respond to their interaction with the augmented reality advertising and how it differs from a standard paper-based advertising. Augmented reality ads are immersive, interactive, and lifelike, which means they may help companies create an emotional connection with their customers. The authors test if customers would respond in terms of emotional and affective intensity differently to augmented reality versus standard paper-based advertising. The results of two laboratory studies that consider physiological measures of arousal (galvanic skin response), self-reported measure of affect intensity and willingness to pay show that the higher willingness to pay for customers exposed to augmented reality as opposed to standard paper-based ads is driven by the physiological arousal, but not by the self-reported affect intensity and that processing fluency possibly underlies consumer’s enhanced emotional responses toward AR. These results suggest that replacing traditional advertisements with augmented reality advertisements enhances customer physiological responses and willingness to pay, with possible implications on customer segmentation and marketing communication.
E-bike user groups and substitution effects: evidence from longitudinal travel data in the Netherlands
Authors: de Haas Mathijs , Kroesen Maarten , Chorus Caspar , Hoogendoorn-Lanser Sascha , Hoogendoorn Serge 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the e-bike has become increasingly popular in many European countries. With higher speeds and less effort needed, the e-bike is a promising mode of transport to many, and it is considered a good alternative for certain car trips by policy-makers and planners. A major limitation of many studies that investigate such substitution effects of the e-bike, is their reliance on cross-sectional data which do not allow an assessment of within-person travel mode changes. As a consequence, there is currently no consensus about the e-bike’s potential to replace car trips. Furthermore, there has been little research focusing on heterogeneity among e-bike users. In this respect, it is likely that different groups exist that use the e-bike for different reasons (e.g. leisure vs commute travel), something which will also influence possible substitution patterns. This paper contributes to the literature in two ways: (1) it presents a statistical analysis to assess the extent to which e-bike trips are substituting trips by other travel modes based on longitudinal data; (2) it reveals different user groups among the e-bike population. A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model is estimated using five waves of data from the Netherlands Mobility Panel. Furthermore, a Latent Class Analysis is performed using data from the Dutch national travel survey. Results show that, when using longitudinal data, the substitution effects between e-bike and the competing travel modes of car and public transport are not as significant as reported in earlier research. In general, e-bike trips only significantly reduce conventional bicycle trips in the Netherlands, which can be regarded an unwanted effect from a policy-viewpoint. For commuting, the e-bike also substitutes car trips. Furthermore, results show that there are five different user groups with their own distinct behaviour patterns and socio-demographic characteristics. They also show that groups that use the e-bike primarily for commuting or education are growing at a much higher rate than groups that mainly use the e-bike for leisure and shopping purposes.
So Close, So Far. The Cultural Distance of Foreigners in Italy
Authors: De Santis Gustavo , Maltagliati Mauro , Petrucci Alessandra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe presence of foreigners in a host country is a contentious issue: opponents claim, among other things, that the cultural distance between them and natives is too large to permit integration. However, it is impossible to ascertain whether this is true in the absence of a clear, standardised system for measuring cultural distance (whether it be by nationality, length of stay, educational level, etc.). In this paper, we argue that a recently proposed method, called DBS or Distance Between Strata, fits this scope. We present the methodology under a new light, investigate several of its properties, and apply it to two Italian surveys of 2011–13. Results indicate, first, that no group is homogeneous: Italians, for instance, display a clear North to South gradient. Second, foreigners are not all equally culturally distant from Italian natives: the ranking of their cultural distances largely conforms to expectation. Finally, Italians with a foreign origin are, as expected, close to Italians tout court, which suggests that cultural convergence is taking place.
Separating the aa-index into Solar and Hale Cycle Related Components Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Takalo Jouni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe decompose the monthly aa-index of Cycles 10 to 23 using principal component analysis (PCA). We show that the first component (PC1) is related to the 11-year solar cycle, and accounts for 41.5% of the variance of the data. The second component (PC2) is related to 22-year Hale cycle, and explains 23.6% of the variance of the data. The PC1 time series of the aa-index for Cycles 10 – 23 has only one peak in its power spectrum at the period 10.95 years, which is the average solar cycle (SC) period for the interval SC10 – SC23. The PC2 time series of the same cycles has a clear peak at period 21.90 (Hale cycle) and a smaller peak at 3/4 of that period. We also study the principal components of the sunspot number (SSN) for Cycles 10 – 23, and compare the mutual behavior of the PC2 components of the aa-index and SSN PCA analyses. We note that they are in the same phase in all other cycles but Solar Cycles 15 and 20. The aa-index of Cycle 20 also differs from other even aa-index cycles in its shape, especially in anomalously high peaks during its descending phase. Even though there is a coherence in the PC2 time series phases of the aa-index and sunspot number, this effect is too small to be the origin of all the differences between the shape of even and odd aa cycles. We estimate that 30% of the shape of the PC2 component of the aa-index is due to the shape of the PC2 of the sunspot number and the rest to other recurrent events in the Sun and solar wind. The first maximum of the aa-index (typical to odd cycles), during sunspot maximum, has been shown to be related to coronal mass ejections (CME), while the second maximum (typical to even cycles) in the cycle descending phase, is probably related to high-speed streams (HSS). The last events increase the activity level such that the minimum between even and odd cycle pairs is always higher than the minimum between succeeding odd and even cycle pairs.
Time and Spatial Variability in Concentrations of Selected Pollutants in the New Bypass Rainwater Harvesting System
Authors: Zubala Tomasz , Patro Magdalena 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe level of pollution and the variability of rainwater runoff quality collected in reservoirs next to the new Lublin bypass (south-eastern Poland) were assessed in this scientific paper. In the rainwater harvesting and treatment system, two types of reservoirs with different construction, size and presence of pre-treatment devices were used. Laboratory tests involved selected physical, oxygen, biogenic, salinity indicators, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Particularly large variability in concentrations included NO2-, TP, PO43-, K+ and Cl-. Parameters decreasing the water quality were mainly conductivity, BOD5, COD, NO2-, TP and Cl-. High concentrations of salt and phosphorus in collected rainwater require great care in final management (risk of salinization and eutrophication). In the second year of research, there was significant deterioration of water quality, which may result from different weather conditions and gradual accumulation of pollutants in new reservoirs. Not many significant differences were found in the quality of water collected in reservoirs with pre-treatment and without it. Loads of heavy metals and aromatic hydrocarbons in reservoirs were relatively small. However, these impurities have high durability and the ability to accumulate in the environment. Therefore, further studies should also take into account monitoring of bottom sediments and areas adjacent to the bypass.
Lohngerechtigkeit und Geschlechternormen: Erhalten Männer eine Heiratsprämie?
Authors: Jann Ben , Zimmermann Barbara , Diekmann Andreas 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDer geschlechtsspezifische Lohnunterschied hat sich in der Schweiz ebenso wie in Deutschland in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten zwar leicht verringert, die Lücke ist aber immer noch beträchtlich und lässt sich nur zum Teil durch produktivitätsrelevante Faktoren erklären. Um zu untersuchen, ob sich ein entsprechender „gender wage gap“ auch darin wiederfindet, welche Löhne als gerecht angesehen werden, haben wir im Rahmen von Schweizer Bevölkerungsumfragen drei randomisierte Vignettenexperimente durchgeführt. Im Unterschied zu den meisten anderen Experimenten wurde den Befragten nur jeweils eine Vignette vorgelegt, um Einflüsse sozialer Wünschbarkeit zu vermindern. Das erste Experiment belegt eine geschlechtsspezifische Doppelmoral bei der Einkommensbewertung: Bei Männern wurde ein gegebenes Einkommen eher als zu gering beurteilt als bei Frauen. Der Befund konnte in einem zweiten Experiment mit ähnlichem Design jedoch nicht repliziert werden, wobei ein zentraler Unterschied zwischen den beiden Experimenten in dem in den Vignetten beschriebenen Haushaltskontext lag. In einem dritten Experiment haben wir deshalb den Einfluss der familiären Situation systematisch untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass nur bei verheirateten Personen ein Unterschied zwischen Frauen und Männern gemacht wird, nicht jedoch bei Singles. Im Einklang mit dem Stereotyp des männlichen Haupternährers zeigt sich ein ausgeprägter Effekt einer „Heiratsprämie“. Verheirateten Männern wird in der Wahrnehmung der Bevölkerung bei sonst gleichen Merkmalen ein höherer Lohn zugestanden als verheirateten Frauen.
Ulam stability of functional equations in 2-Banach spaces via the fixed point method
Authors: Ciepliński Krzysztof 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUsing the fixed point method, we prove the Ulam stability of two general functional equations in several variables in 2-Banach spaces. As corollaries from our main results, some outcomes on the stability of a few known equations being special cases of the considered ones will be presented. In particular, we extend several recent results on the Ulam stability of functional equations in 2-Banach spaces.
Applying symmetries of elasticities in matrix population models
Authors: Giaimo Stefano , Traulsen Arne 
Published: May 2021

AbstractElasticity analysis is a key tool in the analysis of matrix population models, which describe the dynamics of stage-structured populations in ecology and evolution. Elasticities of the dominant eigenvalue of a matrix model to matrix entries obey certain symmetries. Yet not all consequences of these symmetries are fully appreciated, as they are sometimes hidden in mathematical detail. Here, we propose a method to reason about these symmetries directly by visual inspection of the life cycle graph that corresponds to the matrix model. We present two applications of this method, one in ecology and one in evolution. First, we prove several conjectures about elasticities that were obtained from purely numerical results and that can support population managers in decision-making under scarce demographic information. Second, we show how to identify candidates for invariant trade-offs in evolutionary optimal life cycles. The method extends to the elasticity analysis of non-dominant eigenvalues, of the stochastic growth rate and, in next-generation matrices, of the basic reproduction number.
Comparing electrochemical analysis and particle induced X-ray emission measurements of Prussian Blue Analogue deposits
Authors: Joffre Scott D. , DeYoung Paul A. , Hampton Jennifer R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPrussian Blue Analogues are of major interest for their use in alternative battery technologies due to their charge storing ability with a long life cycle. In this work the Prussian Blue Analogue nickel hexacyanoferrate (Ni-HCF) was produced using an all electrochemical method. Creating charge storing materials with electrochemical processes provides a new approach to the development of battery-like materials. These methods have not been commonly employed because the charge storing material yield is not directly known. The charge storage of the Ni-HCF was characterized with two different methods which provided a measure of the electrochemically active Fe present. These were then compared with the Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) method which measured the total amount of Fe present. By comparing the electrochemical measurement of active Fe to the total Fe as measured by PIXE, the percentage of material that is active in the charge storage was determined. This enables an independent calculation of the specific charge capacity of the material for comparison to other battery technologies.
Inventing a Prosthetic Bourgeoisie: Romania and the Aromanians, 1848–1906
Authors: Sorescu Andrei Dan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present article focuses on the period between 1848 and 1906—between the politicized “discovery” of Balkan Aromanians as a kinfolk by Romanian nation-state builders and the aftermath of the community’s recognition by the Ottoman government. Examining how Romania imagined its own entanglement in the Macedonian Question, the article aims to raise the broader question of how a nation-state imagined the agency of kinfolk beyond its borders and, as part of a geographically distributed national division of labor, ascribed a specific task to one part of its ethnic body. In Romania’s case, this had a double thrust. One, Aromanians were imagined as the natural bourgeoisie of the southern Balkans, a people superior in their origins, culture, and mores to other ethnic groups—and a natural vanguard for Romania’s economic interests in the region. Two, they were imagined as a vanguard for catalyzing the internal development of a native merchant class in Romania proper, which was understood as a primary agent for economic and social progress but perceived to be problematically absent. Thus, this study hones in on the process of ascribing the status of a “prosthetic bourgeoisie” to the Aromanians, and its insistent discursive recurrence.
Is there any relationship between platelet indices and myocarditis in children?
Authors: Geçkalan Soysal Damla , Özdemir Rahmi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground:Platelet indices are used to evaluate platelet activation and function which change in inflammatory diseases. We hypothesise that platelet indices such as plateletcrit, mean platelet volume, and platelet distribution width may be more useful as prognostic indicators for myopericarditis in children.Methods:A total of 60 children were included in this study. Group 1 consists of children with myopericarditis, Group 2 is those with respiratory infections, and Group 3 consists of control group children of similar age and gender with the patient groups. Complete blood count parameters, C-reactive protein, and troponin values of the whole study group were recorded. Myopericarditis was diagnosed based on acute chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, heart failure signs, arrhythmia symptoms and ST/T wave change, low voltage, supraventricular tachycardia/ventricular tachycardia on ECG, or elevated troponin T/troponin I levels or functional abnormalities on echocardiography. A comparison of the platelet indices made during diagnosis and 2 weeks after treatment was done for the myopericarditis patients.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in platelet indicies values. However, the increase in platelets and plateletcrit values after the treatment of myopericarditis was statistically significant. This study pointed out that there was a negative correlation between platelet–plateletcrit values and the troponin I–C-reactive protein.Conclusion:We found that platelet count and plateletcrit values increased after treatment. This is important as it is the first study in children to investigate the possible role of platelet indications for myopericarditis in children.
Deutetrabenazine Reduces Severe Tardive Dyskinesia Movements in a 3-year Open-Label Extension Trial
Authors: Chaijale Nayla , Bona Joseph , Barkay Hadas , Wilhelm Amanda , Gordon Mark Forrest 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are no established treatment guidelines for tardive dyskinesia (TD) based on movement severity. The 12-week ARM-TD and AIM-TD studies in TD patients with baseline Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) total score (items 1–7) ≥6 showed clinically significant improvements in AIMS score with deutetrabenazine versus placebo. Patients who completed these studies were eligible for the open-label extension (OLE) trial. This post-hoc analysis evaluated deutetrabenazine in TD patients with severe movements.MethodsSubgroups were defined by upper quartile of baseline total AIMS score (local rating). Endpoints were: change and percent change from baseline in AIMS score, and percent of patients achieving ≥50% AIMS reduction from baseline.Results337 patients were analyzed. The upper quartile of baseline total AIMS score was 14. Subgroups were defined as >14 and ≤14 at baseline, respectively (n=64 vs 273); data are presented at Week 145 (n=40 vs 120). Mean treatment duration was 880.5 and 760.8 days. Mean±SE daily doses were 41.1±1.6mg and 38.9±1.0mg. Mean±SE change from baseline in AIMS score was –11.0±0.8 versus –5.1±0.3; percent change from baseline was –60.1%±3.6% versus –55.9%±3.0%. More patients with AIMS score >14 had ≥50% AIMS reduction (73% vs 65%). Less patients discontinued (38% vs 51%); reasons included withdrawal by subject (16% vs 25%), adverse event (3% vs 11%), and lost to follow-up (6% vs 7%). Withdrawal due to lack of efficacy was uncommon (5% vs 2%).ConclusionsPatients with baseline total AIMS score >14 had clinically meaningful reductions in AIMS score, suggesting deutetrabenazine has long-term benefit in these patients.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel
Weight Gain and Treatment Interruptions with Second-Generation Oral Antipsychotics: Analysis of Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar I Disorder
Authors: Doane Michael J. , Bessonova Leona , Mortimer Kathleen , Cheng Harry , Donadio Gregory , Brecht Thomas , O’Sullivan Amy K. , Cummings Hannah , McDonnell David , Meyer Jonathan M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAmong patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), clinically-significant weight gain (CSWG) and treatment interruptions (TIs) are challenges that may result in morbidity/mortality.CSWG and TIs were assessed among patients who initiated oral SGAs of moderate-to-high weight gain risk (no exposure to index SGAs/first-generation antipsychotics for =12 months) using medical records/claims (OM1 Data Cloud; January 2013-February 2020). Outcomes included CSWG (=7% increase in baseline weight) and TIs (switches [to SGAs of low weight gain risk/long-acting injectables] or discontinuations [no SGAs for >30 days]). Descriptive analyses included proportions of patients with CSWG and TIs, and median time to these outcomes.Approximately three-quarters of patients were overweight/obese at baseline (SZ: N=8,174; BD-I: N=9,142). Within 3 months of SGA initiation, 12% of all patients experienced CSWG. For patients on treatment with index SGAs for >6 months (SZ: 29%; BD-I: 27%), 28% (SZ) and 30% (BD-I) experienced CSWG during follow-up. Median time to CSWG was 14 weeks. CSWG results were numerically similar among patients with SZ and BD-I.Over 96% of patients had TIs during follow-up (median time of 12 [SZ] and 13 [BD-I] weeks). Among patients with CSWG and subsequent TIs and weight measurements, 74% did not return to baseline weight after interrupting treatment; the remainder returned to baseline weight with median times of 38 (SZ) and 39 (BD-I) weeks. Results suggest that most patients with CSWG do not return to baseline weight after stopping treatment with oral SGAs of moderate-to-high weight gain risk.Funding. Alkermes, Inc.
Economic Burden of Dementia Related Psychosis Among Medicare Beneficiaries: A State-Transition Markov Analysis of Total Annual Direct Costs
Authors: Sangha Kinpritma , Rashid Nazia , Abler Victor , Rajagopalan Krithika 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectiveDementia related psychosis (DRP), characterized by debilitating symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, is estimated to affect 2.4M people with dementia in the US. Patients with DRP may have twice the rate of dementia progression compared to patients with no DRP. Given that dementia disproportionally impacts the elderly, a comprehensive cost of-illness analysis may add to the current understanding of the overall economic burden of DRP prevalence. The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of DRP from a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) perspective.MethodsA five state-transition Markov analysis, adapted from Green et al, was conducted to assess the annual direct DRP cost burden to CMS. Patients entering the model were allowed to transition between three at-home health-states (mild dementia plus psychosis, moderate dementia plus psychosis, severe dementia plus psychosis), one long-term care/nursing home (LTC/NH) stay, or death (absorbent health state) at any given time. Since the model accommodates tunnel health-states based on dementia, psychosis and functioning severity levels, patients stayed in the same health-state or transitioned to a more severe health-state or progressed to death (i.e., absorbent health-state) between each 30-day cycle. Prevalence, disease-severity, and state-transition probability estimates were derived from literature while direct costs of DRP were derived from a Medicare claims analysis. Costs were discounted at 3%. Model robustness was tested to check if results were sensitive to changes in inputs and assumptions.ResultsOf the estimated 61.5M Medicare beneficiaries, about 6.87M may suffer from dementia. In the base-case scenario, an estimated total of 2.2M prevalent DRP patients enter the model based on dementia severity into one of the 4 non-absorbent health-states: three at-home (10% mild, 60% moderate, and 10% severe) and one LTC-NH (10%). Total Medicare annual direct DRP costs are estimated to be approximately $119.98B ($113.96B-$125.96B) and about $54K PPPY (Per-Patient-Per-Year) costs (2019 USD). NH costs and patient volume at higher severity levels are significant cost drivers. Sensitivity analysis results show that the model is sensitive to disease severity and disease progression.ConclusionsThese results suggest that DRP imposes a significant direct cost burden despite its low prevalence. In this analysis, per-patient per year (PPPY) cost of DRP prevalence was estimated to be slightly higher than incident PPPY DRP costs. These differences may be attributed to the number of patients at higher severity levels and the time spent in a severe health state as well as cost of LTC/NH stays. Especially given the ageing population in the US, DRP could become an increasing public health concern. There is a significant need for education and awareness about DRP cost burden.FundingAcadia Pharmaceuticals Inc.