bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double Tracking Control for the Directed Complex Dynamic Network via the Observer of Outgoing Links
Authors: Gao Peitao , Wang Yinhe , Liu Lizhi , Zhang Lili , Tang Xiao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
From the large system perspective, the directed complex dynamic network is considered as being composed of the nodes subsystem (NS) and the links subsystem (LS), which are coupled with together. Different from the previous studies which propose the dynamic model of LS with the matrix differential equations, this paper describes the dynamic behavior of LS with the outgoing links vector at every node, by which the dynamic model of LS can be represented as the vector differential equation to form the outgoing links subsystem (OLS). Since the vectors possess the flexible mathematical operational properties than matrices, this paper proposes the more convenient mathematic method to investigate the double tracking control problems of NS and OLS. Under the state of OLS can be unavailable, the asymptotical state observer of OLS is designed in this paper, by which the tracking controllers of NS and OLS are synthesized to ensure achieving the double tracking goals. Finally, the example simulations for supporting the theoretical results are also provided.
Preoperative fibrinogen / albumin ratio (FAR) Can be used to predict the prognosis of urothelial carcinoma patients after radical cystectomy
Authors: Liang Lei , Song Haifeng , Liu Zhenhua , Ma Binglei , Zhang Zhenan , Li Qinhan , Liu Jun , Zhang Quan , Zhu Shiyu , Meng Yisen , Zhang Qian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the feasibility of preoperative fibrinogen / albumin ratio (FAR) as a predictor of the total and elderly patients with urothelial carcinoma after radical cystectomy. Methods: A cohort of 275 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder tumor at Peking University First Hospital from 2012 to 2016 was analyzed retrospectively. The optimal cutoff value of FAR group was determined according to the survival dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (survival-ROC). Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analysis the overall survival (OS), and Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Result: The AUC value of FAR in the survival-ROC curve is higher than other clinical indexes, and the cutoff value of FAR determined by survival-ROC is 0.0707. We found that the median survival time (27.63 months vs 32.11 months, P < 0.01) and 5-year survival rate (77.7% vs 92.7%, P < 0.01) in the high FAR group were significantly lower than those in the low FAR group. In the multivariate survival analysis, the FAR and AJCC stages were independent risk factors for long-term prognosis. In subgroup analysis, the long-term survival of patients in AJCC I+II subgroup, G1 + G2 subgroup, G3 subgroup, lymph nodes negative subgroup and old patient subgroup were all related to FAR, while the 5-years survival of patients in AJCCIII+IV subgroup, lymph nodes positive subgroup and young patient subgroup was not related to FAR. Conclusion: The value of FAR can be used as an independent risk factor to predict the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy, especially for patients with elder age, lymph nodes negative, or AJCC I + II stage.
Finite Element Modelling of MHD Stefan Blowing Convective Ag-MgO/Water Hybrid Nanofluid induced by Stretching Cylinder utilizing Non-Fourier/Ficks Model
Authors: Rana Puneet , Makkar Vinita , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The objective of the current analysis is to implement the Cattaneo Christov heat (Non-Fourier’s) and mass flux (Non-Fick’s) concept in modified Buongiorno’s model for nanofluid magneto-transport phenomena over an extending cylinder in presence of gyrotactic microorganisms. The nanofluid comprises chemically reactive hybrid nanoparticles (Ag MgO Np’s) in the base fluid and Stefan blowing effect along with multiple slips is taken into account. The experimental correlations with their dependency on nanoparticle concentration are used for viscosity and thermal conductivity. The appropriate similarity transformations are applied to convert the PDE’s into non-linear ODE’s along with boundary conditions, prior to being evaluated computationally utilizing the Galerkin Finite Element Method (GFEM). The mesh independent test with different boundary layer thickness (ξ ∞) has been conducted by taking both linear and quadratic shape functions to achieve a optimal desired value. The numerical outcomes are in acceptable concurrence with those acquired from the literature. The results are calculated for realistic range of physical parameters. The warmth exhibitions are assessed through renowned Buongiorno’s model which effectively reflects the significant highlights of thermophoresis parameter(Nt = 0.001 to 0.05) and Brownian motion parameter (Nb = 0.001 to 0.05).
Fungal Endophytes Associated With the Actinorhizal Plant Species, Elaeagnus Latifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae) And Evaluating Their Antagonistic Potential Against Grey Blight Disease In Tea [Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]: A Novel Study From North-East India
Authors: Bhattacharyya P. N. , Bhattacharyya L. H. , Parkash V. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The present investigation is a novel approach of exploring the endophytic fungal diversity of Elaeagnus latifolia L., an actinorhizal plant species of North-east India and evaluation of its biocontrol potential against Pestalotiopsis theae, the causal agent of grey blight disease in tea. A total of 17 endophytic fungal species belonging to 12 families and 03 orders were isolated from various parts of E. latifolia L. Isolates were identified based on colony morphology, spore and fruiting bodies using microscopical tools and techniques. Nigrospora sp. showed highest species density (0.5) among all the isolates. Isolation frequency was maximum (67%) in case of Fusarium sp., Nigrospora sp., Penicillium chrysogenum and Rhizopus sp. More fungal isolates were obtained from root and stem (47% each) as compared to leaves (29%). Species richness and diversity indices was maximum (15.0) in stem and minimum (9.0) in leaves. Highest Shannon and Simpson diversity index was in stem (2.02 and 0.860 respectively) followed by root (1.979 and 0.847 respectively) and least in leaves (1.494 and 0.75 respectively). Among the isolates tested for plant growth promoting parameters, EF09 (Fusarium sp.) showed positive response for all the tested parameters. The isolate, EF09 also showed maximum antifungal potential (up to 87.1%) against P. theae in poisoned food technique. Enumeration of endophytic fungal diversity of E. latifolia L. holds promises as the putative strains may lead to the isolation of novel bioactive components for use in industry, medicine and agriculture.
Accumulation, Translocation, and Toxicity of Arsenic in Barley Grown in Contaminated Soil
Authors: Burachevskaya Marina , Minkina Tatiana , Fedorenko Alexey , Fedorenko Grigorii , Chernikova Natalia , Rajput Vishnu D. , Mandzhieva Saglara , Bauer Tatiana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aims Arsenic is a nonessential element for plants, however, high levels of As can inhibit plant growth. Toxicity of As is largely influenced by its speciation in soil. The objectives of the present study were to determine fractional composition of As in soil, its accumulation in plants, and toxic effects on the morphological, anatomical, and ultrastructural levels. Methods In a model experiment, barley (Hordeum sativum) was planted in Haplic Chernozem spiked with three different concentrations of As (20, 50 and 100 mg/kg). The fraction composition of As in the experimental soil was analysed using a method of sequential fractionation. The effect of As on plants was analysed microscopically at tissue, cellular, and intracellular levels.Results Analysis of the fraction composition of As revealed a higher amount of mobile forms of As that contaminated the generative organs of plants. Oxides of Fe, Al, and Mn became the main soil components to retain As when contamination of As increased. Arsenic toxicity inhibited plant growth by affecting morphological parameters (shape, size, and colour). It was shown impairment in the root cells and a reduction in the size of the chlorophyllic parenchyma in the leaves. Ultrastructural analysis found changes in the main cellular organelles (chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes).Conclusions The bioconcentration factor (BCF), bioaccumulation factor (BF-soluble), and translocation factor (TF) allowed evaluation of plant protection mechanisms and determination of hazardous concentrations of As in soil. Despite high buffering capacity of soil, high As concentration affected morphological and ultrastructural parameters of the H. sativum.
Identification of Hub Genes for Early Diagnosis and Predicting Prognosis in Colon Adenocarcinoma: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Xu Shuo , Liu Dingsheng , Cui Mingming , Zhang Yao , Zhang Yu , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is among the most common digestive system malignancies worldwide. Although some molecular analyses of colon cancer were previously performed, the pathogenesis and gene signatures remain unclear. This study explored the genetic characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying colon cancer development. Methods: Three gene expression data sets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R was used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between COAD and normal tissues. Then, the intersection of the data sets was obtained. Metascape was used to perform the functional enrichment analyses. Next, STRING was used to build protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Hub genes were identified and analysed using Cytoscape. Next, survival analysis of the hub genes was performed. To explore the early diagnostic value of the hub genes, UALCAN was used to analyse expression characteristics. Finally, alterations in the hub genes were predicted and analysed by cBioPortal. Results: Altogether 436 DEGs were detected. The DEGs were mainly enriched in cell cycle phase transition, nuclear division, meiotic nuclear division, cytokinesis. Based on PPI networks, 20 hub genes were selected. Among them, 6 hub genes (CCNB1, CCNA2, AURKA, NCAPG, DLGAP5, and CENPE) showed significant prognostic value in colon cancer (p<0.05), while 5 hub genes (CDK1, CCNB1, CCNA2, MAD2L1, and DLGAP5) were associated with early colon cancer diagnosis. Conclusions: In conclusion, integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to identify hub genes that reveal the potential mechanism of carcinogenesis and progression of colon cancer. The hub genes might be novel biomarkers for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of colon cancer.
Intestinal Microbiota and Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Vieira Juliana Rosa Pires , Rezende Andréa Toledo de Oliveira , Fernandes Marcos Rassi , Silva Nilzio Antônio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by being multi-systemic and, therefore, reaching various organs and affecting mainly young women. Its pathogenesis comprehends many factors, including the interaction between microbiota and immune system. The aim of this systematic review protocol is to assess the relationship between intestinal microbiota and SLE in activity, highlighting microbiota representative patterns regarding quantity and diversity. MethodsThe systematic review will be carried out using the following databases: Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE. Inclusion criteria will be: observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control) that analyzed intestinal microbiota composition in patients with SLE, with no restriction of age or sex, which fulfilled the classification criteria of either Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinic (SLICC), European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) or American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and used the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) to classify disease in activity or remission. The Downs & Black Scale will be applied to analyze the risk of bias during study selection and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) will be used to assess the quality of the evidence of the selected studies.DiscussionThis review will identify investigation gaps, for better understanding of aspects related to etiopathogenesis and to the inflammatory process during SLE progression. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration: CRD42021229322
Stress Anisotropy Severely Affects Zinc-phosphate Network Formation
Authors: Sukhomlinov Sergey , Müser Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Using density-functional theory based simulations, we study how initially disconnected zinc-phosphate molecules respond to different externally imposed deformations. Hybridization changes are observed in all cases, in which the coordination of zinc atoms changes irreversibly from tetrahedral to seesaw and square pyramidal, whereby the system stiffens substantially. The point at which stiff networks are formed does not only depend on the hydrostatic pressure. Stress anisotropy generally reduces the required hydrostatic network-formation pressure. Moreover, networks obtained under isotropic deformations turn out stiffer, elastically more isotropic, and lower in energy after decompression than those produced under anisotropic stresses. We also find that the observed stress-memory effects are encoded to a significant degree in the arrangement of atoms in the second neighbor shell of the zinc atoms. These findings refine previously formulated conjectures of pressure-assisted cross-linking in zinc-phosphate based anti-wear films.
BRAFnon-V600E more frequently co-occurs with IDH1/2 mutation in adult patients with gliomas than patients harboring BRAFV600E, but without survival advantage
Authors: Da Rong , Wang Maode , Jiang Haitao , Wang Tuo , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

The effect of BRAFnon−V600E and BRAFV600E on the outcome and the molecular characteristics in adult glioma patients is unknown and needs to be explored, although BRAFV600E has been extensively studied in pediatric glioma.
Methods

Co-occurring mutations and copy number alterations of associated genes in the MAPK and p53 pathways were retrieved and investigated using the cBioPortal. The prognosis of available adult glioma cohorts with BRAFV600E and BRAFnon−V600E mutations was also investigated.
Results

Glioblastoma multiform was the most common cancer type with BRAF non−V600E and BRAFV600E. TP53 (56.00% vs. 7.41%), IDH1/2 (36.00% vs. 3.70%), and ATRX (32.00% vs. 7.41%) exhibited more mutations in BRAFnon−V600E than in BRAFV600E, and TP53 was the independent risk factor (56.00% vs. 7.41%). Both BRAFnon−V600E and BRAFV600E frequently overlapped with CDKN2A/2B homozygous deletions (HD), whereas there was no significant difference. Survival analysis showed no difference between BRAF non−V600E and BRAFV600E cohorts, even excluded the effects of IDH1/2 mutations, and concerned the BRAFnon−V600E mutations in the glycine-rich loop (G-loop) and in the activation segment. The estimated mean survival of BRAFnon−V600E and IDH1/2WT with mutations in the G-loop groups was the shortest.
Conclusions

BRAF non−V600E exhibited a higher association with IDH1/2 mutation than BRAFV600E, but no survival advantage was found.
Construction of a novel immune gene-based model for prognosis prediction of colorectal cancer
Authors: Xie Bin , lin jie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Although surgical treatment and chemotherapy of COAD have made significant progress, its immunotherapy also has great potential, nowadays.
Methods

Gene expression profiles and clinical data of COAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas_Colon Adenocarcinoma (TCGA_COAD) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, which were further detected for immune-related genes. Immune-related genes were downloaded from Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort). LASSO Cox regression analysis was utilized to analyze the immune-related prognostic signature. The prognostic value of the signature was validated by ROC curve. To further detected the potential pathway about immune-related genes in COAD patients, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GESA) was used to identify the most significant pathways.
Results

Finally, a total of 436 immune-related mRNA were identified. Eleven prognosis-related genes were selected to establish an immune-related prognostic signature, which divided patients into high and low risk groups. Several biological processes, such as immune response was enriched. Moreover, our prognosis model has better performance in predicting the 1-, 3-, 5- and 8-years overall survival (OS) for patients from the TCGA and GEO cohort. Also, the complicated signature obtained by combining immune-related signatures with clinical factors provides a more accurate OS predicting compared with individual molecular signatures.
Conclusion

We have established a prognostic signature consisting of 11 immune-related genes, which may be potential biomarkers for identifying COAD with a high risk of death. Then, the possibility including immunotherapy in personalized COAD treatment was evaluated.
GRNN Model for prediction of groundwater fluctuation in the state of Uttarakhand of India using GRACE data under limited bore well data
Authors: Kumar Dilip , Bhattacharjya Rajib Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Springs, the primary source of water in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, are disappearing day by day. A report published by United Nations Development Program in 2015 indicates that due to deforestation, and forest fire, the groundwater of the state has been reduced by 50% between 2007 and 2010. As such, for taking proper adaptation policies for the state, it is necessary to monitor the state's groundwater fluctuation. Unfortunately, the bore well data are very limited. Thus, we are proposing two general regression neural network (GRNN)-based models for fast estimation of groundwater fluctuation. The first model evaluates and predicts the groundwater fluctuation in the five known bore well data districts of the state, and the second model, which is based on the first model along with a correlation matrix, predicts the groundwater fluctuation in the districts where no bore well data are available. The assessment of the results shows that the proposed GRNN-based model is capable of estimating the groundwater fluctuation both in the areas where bore well data are available and the areas where bore well data are not available. The study shows that there is a sharp decline in the groundwater level in the hilly districts of the state.
Feeding preparation strategy for the supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) system for disposing of liquid hazardous waste
Authors: Wang Bo , Lu Meng , Zhao Lixin , Zhang Zhezhou , Zhao Yihua , Qin Songyan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology has a great potential application for the disposal of liquid hazardous wastes. The feeding process is vital for the safety and normal operation of SCWO. This paper describes the feeding preparation strategy of SCWO with multilevel grouping and programming. Based on the physicochemical properties, the liquid hazardous wastes from various industrial manufacturers were first grouped into acid, neutral and alkaline groups. By mixing between samples, the primary grouping tanks were determined to be acid, alkali, amphoteric reacting, organic and organic high-chlorine liquid wastes. By distributing acid, alkali, amphoteric reacting liquid wastes into organic wastes, three parallel feeding routes are regulated for the homogenizing tank phase, which avoids the reaction between wastes. By calculating with the linear programming optimization model of MATLAB, the waste compatibility ratio of each feeding route was determined to meet the feeding requirements of SCWO. The feeding preparation strategy of this paper provides a practical instruction for the SCWO design and operation.
Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Bantuan Hidup Dasar Serta Penanganan Tersedak Pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Purnomo Edi , Nur Akbar , A. Pulungan Zulhaini Sartika , Nasir Andi 
Published: March 2021

Gawat darurat merupakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi secara mendadak sehingga megakibatkan seseorang memerlukan penanganan dan pertolongan secara cepat dan tepat. Salah satu tindakan yang dapat dilakukan masyarakat awam dan tenaga medis dalam menangani kasus gawat darurat yaitu dengan memberikan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) dan Basic Life Support (BLS) yang merupakan suatu usaha mencegah terjadinya henti jantung dan henti napas. Tujuan: penelitian ini dilakukan guna untuk mengetahui pengaruh Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) dan penanganan tersedak terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa SMAN 3 Mamuju. Penelitian ini menggunakan One-Group pre test-post test design guna untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam penanganan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) dan penanganan tersedak pada siswa SMAN 3 Mamuju. Subyek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 3 Mamuju dengan total responden sebanyak 35 siswa. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan SPSS dan uji hipotesis menggunakan Paired t-test. Hasil uji statistic dengan Paired t-test terdapat pengaruh signifikan sebelum dan setelah diberikan pelatihan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) dan penanganan tersedak dengan nilai signifikansi p value=0,001 pengetahuan, keterampilan BHD P Value = 0,002 dan keterampilan penanganan tersedak P Value =0,001 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 (P0,05). Kesimpulan Pelatihan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) dan penanganan tersedak efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan Bantuan Hidup Dasar dan keterampilan penanganan tersedak siswa SMAN 3 Mamuju sehingga diharapkan penanganan kasus gawat darurat yang dapat ditemui dilapangan dapat diatasi dengan cepat dan tepat.
Moving Assessment Online: Experiences within a School of Pharmacy
Authors: Morgan Kelsey , Adams Erin , Elsobky Teresa Mary , Brackbill Marcia , Darr Amber 
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic required academic institutions to quickly transition to online learning and make changes to assessment procedures. This study examines how a school of pharmacy creatively approached the challenge of online assessment while maintaining the standards necessary to prepare practice-ready student pharmacists. To conduct traditional exams, instructors deployed two different types of methods utilizing testing software: a video conferencing technology approach which mimicked pre-pandemic, on-campus proctored exams; or open-book, internet access-enabled exams that ensured academic integrity and rigor through various testing strategies. To assess students’ clinical skills, faculty used a combination of techniques such as physical examinations, patient interviews, and patient presentations. To understand the student experience with these assessments, students were surveyed using a 12-item questionnaire. Overall, online video proctoring maintained consistency in exam structure and administration, but required extensive instruction for both students and proctors. Students preferred unproctored, open-book, internet access-enabled, standard time exams versus proctored, closed-book, internet-access disabled, extended time exams. Changes to testing procedures, whether with proctored or unproctored methods, appeared to increase student stress.