bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transarterial embolisation for gastroduodenal bleeding following endoscopic resection
Authors: Park Suyoung , Jeong Boryeong , Shin Ji Hoon , Jang Eun Ho , Hwang Jung Han , Kim Jeong Ho 
Published: April 2021

Objectives:
Transcatheter arterial embolisation (TAE) is widely used to treat gastrointestinal bleeding. This paper reports the safety and efficacy of TAE for bleeding following endoscopic resection, including endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Methods:
Fifteen consecutive patients (13 males, two females; mean age 62.2 years) from two tertiary medical centres who underwent TAE for gastroduodenal bleeding after endoscopic resection from November 2001 to December 2020 were included. Patient demographics, clinical presentations, angiographic findings, and TAE details were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:
Immediate bleeding during endoscopic resection was noted in four patients. Delayed bleeding 1–30 days after endoscopic resection in nine patients presented with haematochezia (n = 4), haematemesis (n = 6) and melaena (n = 1). Endoscopic haemostasis was attempted in 11 patients (73.3%) but failed due to continued bleeding despite haemostasis (n = 6), failure to secure endoscopic field (n = 3) and unstable vital signs (n = 2). Eleven patients had positive angiographic findings for bleeding, and all bleeding arteries were embolised except one owing to failed superselection of the bleeder. In the other four patients with negative angiographic findings, the left gastric artery with/without the right gastric artery or the accessory left gastric artery was empirically embolised using gelatin sponge particles. Both technical and clinical success rates were 93.3% (14/15). No procedure-related complications occurred during follow-up.

Conclusions:
TAE is safe and effective in the treatment of immediate and delayed bleeding after endoscopic resection procedures.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first and largest 20-year bicentric study published in English on this topic. Empirical TAE for angiographically negative bleeding sites was also effective without significant complications.
Photoacoustic-fluorescence microendoscopy in vivo
Authors: Yang Wenzhao , Zhou Jiasheng , Shao Weihao , Seong Myeongsu , He Pengbo , Ye Zhanhong , Guo Zhendong , Jing Lili , Chen Sung-Liang 
Published: April 2021

A miniature endoscope capable of imaging multiple tissue contrasts in high resolution is highly attractive, because it can provide complementary and detailed tissue information of internal organs. Here we present a photoacoustic (PA)-fluorescence (FL) endoscope for optical-resolution PA microscopy (PAM) and FL microscopy (FLM). The endoscope with a diameter of 2.8 mm achieves high lateral resolutions of 5.5 and 6.3 µm for PAM and FLM modes, respectively. In vivo imaging of zebrafish larvae and a mouse ear is conducted, and high-quality images are obtained. Additionally, in vivo endoscopic imaging of a rat rectum is demonstrated, showing the endoscopic imaging capability of our endoscope. By providing dual contrasts with high resolution, the endoscope may open up new opportunities for clinical endoscopic imaging applications.
Photonic chip-based resonant supercontinuum via pulse-driven Kerr microresonator solitons
Authors: Anderson Miles H. , Bouchand Romain , Liu Junqiu , Weng Wenle , Obrzud Ewelina , Herr Tobias , Kippenberg Tobias J. 
Published: April 2021

Supercontinuum generation and soliton microcomb formation both
represent key techniques for the formation of coherent, ultrabroad
optical frequency combs, enabling the RF-to-optical link. Coherent
supercontinuum generation typically relies on ultrashort pulses with
kilowatt peak power as a source, and so are often restricted to
repetition rates less than 1 GHz. Soliton microcombs, conversely, have
an optical conversion efficiency that is best at ultrahigh repetition
rates such as 1 THz. Neither technique easily approaches the microwave
domain, i.e., 10 s of GHz, while maintaining an ultrawide spectrum.
Here, we bridge the efficiency gap between the two approaches in the
form of resonant supercontinuum generation by driving a
dispersion-engineered photonic-chip-based microresonator with
picosecond pulses of the order of 1-W peak power. We generate a smooth
2200-line soliton-based comb at an electronically detectable 28 GHz
repetition rate. Importantly, we observe that solitons exist in a
weakly bound state with the input pulse where frequency noise transfer
from the input pulses is suppressed even for offset frequencies 100
times lower than the linear cavity decay rate. This transfer can be
reduced even further by driving the cavity asynchronously, ensuring
the frequency comb stays coherent even for optical lines very far from
the pump center.
Data-based Customer-Retention-as-a-Service: Induktive Entwicklung eines datenbasierten Geschäftsmodells auf Basis einer Fallstudie der Automobilbranche
Authors: Kortum Henrik , Rebstadt Jonas , Gravemeier Laura Sophie , Thomas Oliver 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungViele Unternehmen setzen Künstliche Intelligenz zur Verarbeitung großer Datenmengen bereits heute erfolgreich für die Kundenbindung ein. So schaffen große Unternehmen individuelle Kundenerlebnisse basierend auf der Auswertung großer kundenbezogener Datenmengen zur kurz- aber auch langfristigen Kundenbindung, z. B. durch intelligente Empfehlungen von Inhalten auf Videoplattformen. Bei Unternehmen mit traditioneller Wertschöpfung wird dieses Potenzial jedoch noch nicht ausreichend genutzt. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird im Rahmen einer Fallstudie exemplarisch ein datengetriebenes Kundenbindungsszenario in Kooperation mit einer Autowerkstatt umgesetzt. Im konkreten Fall wurde eine zeitlich optimierte Kundenansprache auf Basis von KI-basierten Prognosen der täglichen Fahrleistung von Kunden angestrebt. Grundlage dafür war die Analyse eines Kundendatensatzes einer Autowerkstatt und die anschließende Entwicklung einer Künstlichen Intelligenz. Aufbauend auf der Fallstudie wird ein datenbasiertes Geschäftsmodell konzipiert, dessen Werteangebot vor allem Unternehmen mit traditioneller Wertschöpfung und wenig Wissen im Bereich Künstlicher Intelligenz dazu befähigt, datenbasierte Technologien in der Kundenbindung einzusetzen. Das dem Geschäftsmodell zugrundeliegende Plattformkonzept wird dabei als Open-Innovation-Modell entwickelt und soll neben der Entwicklung eigener Services auch die Interaktion von Datenkonsumenten, Datenlieferanten und anderen Datenbefähigern, mit dem Ziel sich als Datenökosystem für Kundenbindung zu etablieren, unterstützen.
Akzeptanz von Distance Working bei Führungskräften
Authors: Bergsleitner Florian , Rückel David 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungGeänderte Anforderungen an die Arbeitsplätze durch die globale Covid-Krise bedingen Veränderungen des Führungsstils. Losgelöst von althergebrachten Kontrollinstanzen definieren moderne Führungskräfte ihren Stil als „Digital Leader“ wesentlich umfassender und sind essenzieller Enabler, um Distance Working in Unternehmen zu etablieren. Obwohl Ressentiments gegen die Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen im Distance Working bestehen, nehmen Führungskräfte gleichermaßen die Verantwortung für ihre Mitarbeiter und die Unternehmen wahr. Entsprechend ist es Ziel dieses Beitrags, die Bedenken und Herausforderungen von Führungskräften in Bezug auf Digital Leadership und Distance Working zu erheben und mittels Design Science aus dem aktuellen „State of the Field“ wissenschaftlicher Literatur verbunden mit einer beispielhaften Umsetzung ein Konzept zur Steigerung der Akzeptanz von Distance Working zu erstellen. Das entstandene Artefakt wird durch Interviews mit zehn Experten evaluiert. Technische Lösungen werden als Grundbedingung angesehen, die Vertrauenskultur deutlich stärker gelebt als dies von vorangegangen Stilen bekannt war. Führungskräfte empfinden beim Digital Leadership keinen Kontrollverlust, sie bringen den MitarbeiterInnen Vertrauen entgegen und monitoren deren Leistungen. Die Kommunikation wird um die außerdienstliche, soziale Komponente erweitert, da Führungskräfte erkennen, dass Mitarbeiterführung damit vertrauensvoller gelingen kann. Um das Unternehmen weiterhin gut am Markt positionieren und zukunftsorientiert agieren zu können, wünschen sich Führungskräfte im Gesetzgeber einen starken Verbündeten, der den Rahmen so gestaltet, dass sowohl Schutz des Mitarbeiters wie auch individuelle Lösungen gewährleistet bleiben.
Control of scabies in a tribal community using mass screening and treatment with oral ivermectin -A cluster randomized controlled trial in Gadchiroli, India
Authors: Behera Priyamadhaba , Munshi Hrishikesh , Kalkonde Yogeshwar , Deshmukh Mahesh , Bang Abhay 
Published: April 2021

Background
Scabies is often endemic in tribal communities and difficult to control. We assessed the efficacy of a community-based intervention using mass screening and treatment with oral ivermectin in controlling scabies.

Methods/ Findings
In this cluster randomised controlled trial, 12 villages were randomly selected from a cluster of 42 tribal villages in Gadchiroli district. In these villages, trained community health workers (CHWs) conducted mass screening for scabies. The diagnosis was confirmed by a physician. Six villages each were randomly allocated to the intervention and usual care arm (control arm). In the intervention arm (population 1184) CHWs provided directly observed oral ivermectin to scabies cases and their household contacts. In the usual care arm (population 1567) scabies cases were referred to the nearest clinic for topical treatment as per the standard practice. The primary outcome was prevalence of scabies two months after the treatment. Secondary outcomes were prevalence of scabies after twelve months of treatment and prevalence of impetigo after two and twelve months of treatment. Outcomes were measured by the team in a similar way as the baseline. The trial was registered with the clinical trial registry of India, number CTRI/2017/01/007704.
In the baseline, 2 months and 12 months assessments 92.4%, 96% and 94% of the eligible individuals were screened in intervention villages and 91.4%, 91.3% and 95% in the usual care villages. The prevalence of scabies in the intervention and usual care arm was 8.4% vs 8.1% at the baseline, 2.8% vs 8.8% at two months [adjusted relative risk (ARR) 0.21, 95% CI 0.11–0.38] and 7.3% vs 14.1% (ARR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25–0.98) at twelve months The prevalence of impetigo in the intervention and usual care arm was 1.7% vs 0.6% at baseline, 0.6% vs 1% at two months (ARR 0.55, 95% CI 0.22–1.37) and 0.3% vs 0.7% at 12 months (ARR 0.42, 95% CI 0.06–2.74). Adverse effects due to ivermectin occurred in 12.1% of patients and were mild.

Conclusions
Mass screening and treatment in the community with oral ivermectin delivered by the CHWs is superior to mass screening followed by usual care involving referral to clinic for topical treatment in controlling scabies in this tribal community in Gadchiroli.
The bone bridge significantly affects the decrease in bone mineral density measured with quantitative computed tomography in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Lee So Yun , Song Ran , Yang Hyung In , Chung Sang Wan , Lee Yeon-Ah , Hong Seung-Jae , Yun Seong Jong , Lee Sang-Hoon 
Published: April 2021

Introduction and objective
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has characteristics of spinal bone bridge and fusion. Although BMD reduction in AS may be presumed to be due to spinal inflammation, this study was designed to confirm whether immobilization of the spine due to syndesmophytes is related to BMD reduction, as immobilization itself is a risk factor for BMD reduction.

Methods
Among male patients diagnosed with AS according to the modified New York criteria, those who underwent bone density tests with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) were retrospectively analyzed through a chart review. The correlation between the presence or absence of bone bridges for each vertebral body level of the L spine confirmed with radiography and BMD confirmed with QCT was analyzed.

Results
A total of 47 male patients with AS were enrolled. The mean patient age was 46.8 ± 8.2 years, and the mean disease duration was 7.9 ± 6.4 years. The trabecular BMD of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) ranged from 23.1 to 158.45 mg/cm3 (mean 102.2 ± 37 mg/cm3), as measured with QCT. The lumbar BMD measurements showed that 30 patients (63.8%) had osteopenia or osteoporosis. Bone bridge formation showed a negative correlation with BMD. Low BMD was significantly correlated with bone bridge in the vertebral body (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between bone bridge score and BASMI flexion score, whereas significant negative correlations were found between BMD and BASMI flexion score (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Decreased mobility of the vertebrae due to bone bridge formation affects the decrease in BMD in patients with AS.
Patient reported outcomes in a large cohort of patients receiving osteopathic care in the United Kingdom
Authors: Fawkes Carol , Carnes Dawn 
Published: April 2021

Objective
The use of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to evaluate care is being advocated increasingly in clinical settings. Electronic data capture is both resource and environmentally friendly and convenient. This purpose of this study was to test and implement a nationwide system to collect routine PROM data from osteopathic patients using a web and mobile app.

Methods
A prospective study design was used to monitor outcomes of care for patients attending osteopathic clinics. Demographic and service data were collected, the primary outcomes were the Bournemouth Questionnaire and a Global Rating of Change score. Data concerning patients’ satisfaction and experience of care were collected also. Data were collected at baseline, one week, and six weeks post-treatment.

Results
A total of 1721 patients completed the PROM app questionnaire. The majority (65.8%) of patients who used the PROM app were between 40 and 69 years old with 11% being 70 years and over. At baseline 39.8% of patients reported they’d had their symptoms for 13 weeks or more. Low back pain was the most common symptom (55.8%). Patients reported high scores for both satisfaction and experience of osteopathic care: 88.1% were very satisfied at six weeks post-baseline and 93.5% reported very good experience at six weeks post-baseline. Data from the Global Rating of Change scale indicated that at one week post-baseline 89.1% of patients reported some measure of improvement, and at six weeks this figure rose to 92.8%. The mean sum score for the Bournemouth Questionnaire went from 30.8 at baseline to 13.3 at six weeks post-baseline. This represented a significant and clinically meaningful positive change score of 56.8%.

Conclusion
The app was well-completed and the data very encouraging. These data will help to form the basis for standards of care for patients attending osteopathic practices.
Use of prehospital, hospitalization and presence of sequelae and/or disability in road traffic injury victims in Brazil
Authors: Tobias Gabriela Camargo , Mandacarú Polyana Maria Pimenta , Guimarães Rafael Alves , Morais Neto Otaliba Libânio 
Published: April 2021

Objective
To estimate the prevalence and analyze the association between sociodemographic and behavioral variables with the use of prehospital care, hospitalization and sequelae and/or disability in victims of road traffic accidents victims in Brazil.

Methods
Data from the National Health Survey conducted in 2013 in Brazil were used. Data were collected through a direct household survey. The research sample consisted of 1,840 individuals who reported road traffic accidents in the previous 12 months. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with the use of prehospital care services, hospitalization, and the presence of sequelae and/or disability.

Results
The prevalence of road traffic accidents victims who received prehospital care was 13.0% (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 10.3–16.3) and the factors associated with this outcome were: residing in the Northeast or North region of Brazil; residing in rural areas; and being a motorcycle occupant at the moment of the road traffic accident. The frequency of hospitalization was 7.7% (95% CI: 6.0–10.0) and the associated factors were: age between 40 and 59 years; being a motorcycle occupant or pedestrian and having received on-site care at the moment of the road traffic accident. The prevalence of sequelae and/or disability was 15.1% (95% CI: 12.5–18.2) and the associated factors were: age range between 30 and 39 years or 40 and 59 years; being a motorcycle occupant, being a pedestrian or belonging to other category of modes of transport and having received on-site care at the moment of the road traffic accident.

Conclusion
The study allowed to evaluate the factors associated with prehospital care, hospitalization and presence of sequelae and/or disability in the victims of road traffic accident and the results can guide the implementation of interventions that prioritize the population exposed to the highest risk of road traffic accident injuries and with less access to prehospital and hospital care services in Brazil.
Dose-response relationships of intestinal organs and excessive mucus discharge after gynaecological radiotherapy
Authors: Alevronta Eleftheria , Skokic Viktor , Dunberger Gail , Bull Cecilia , Bergmark Karin , Jörnsten Rebecka , Steineck Gunnar 
Published: April 2021

Background
The study aims to determine possible dose-volume response relationships between the rectum, sigmoid colon and small intestine and the ‘excessive mucus discharge’ syndrome after pelvic radiotherapy for gynaecological cancer.

Methods and materials
From a larger cohort, 98 gynaecological cancer survivors were included in this study. These survivors, who were followed for 2 to 14 years, received external beam radiation therapy but not brachytherapy and not did not have stoma. Thirteen of the 98 developed excessive mucus discharge syndrome. Three self-assessed symptoms were weighted together to produce a score interpreted as ‘excessive mucus discharge’ syndrome based on the factor loadings from factor analysis. The dose-volume histograms (DVHs) for rectum, sigmoid colon, small intestine for each survivor were exported from the treatment planning systems. The dose-volume response relationships for excessive mucus discharge and each organ at risk were estimated by fitting the data to the Probit, RS, LKB and gEUD models.

Results
The small intestine was found to have steep dose-response curves, having estimated dose-response parameters: γ50: 1.28, 1.23, 1.32, D50: 61.6, 63.1, 60.2 for Probit, RS and LKB respectively. The sigmoid colon (AUC: 0.68) and the small intestine (AUC: 0.65) had the highest AUC values. For the small intestine, the DVHs for survivors with and without excessive mucus discharge were well separated for low to intermediate doses; this was not true for the sigmoid colon. Based on all results, we interpret the results for the small intestine to reflect a relevant link.

Conclusion
An association was found between the mean dose to the small intestine and the occurrence of ‘excessive mucus discharge’. When trying to reduce and even eliminate the incidence of ‘excessive mucus discharge’, it would be useful and important to separately delineate the small intestine and implement the dose-response estimations reported in the study.
Determinants of post cesarean section surgical site infection at public hospitals in Dire Dawa administration, Eastern Ethiopia: Case control study
Authors: Dessu Samuel , Samuel Serawit , Gebremeskel Feleke , Basazin Alemu , Tariku Zerihun , Markos Meles 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Post cesarean section surgical site infection increases both the duration of a patient’s hospital stay and unplanned hospital costs. It can delays recovery, prolongs hospitalization, necessitates readmission, and adds to hospital bills and other morbidities as well as mortalities.

Method
Facility-based case-control study was conducted from 1st March to 20th April, 2019 among all the mother records enrolled from 1st January to 31st December, 2018 at Public hospitals in Dire Dawa administration. The records of the mothers’ who had post-cesarean section surgical site infection (119) was extracted by a census and every three consecutive controls (357) for each case were collected by trained data collectors using a structured data extraction tool. Variables which had p-value <0.25 in bivariate analysis were considered as candidates for multivariable analysis. Statistical significance was declared at P-value ≤0.05 with adjusted odd ratio and 95% confidence interval in the multivariable logistic regression model.

Result
Age 20–34 years (AOR:5.4; 95%CI:2.35,12.7), age >35 years (AOR:8.9; 95%CI:1.8,43.9), ≥4 per vaginal examinations (AOR: 4.2; 95%CI:2.16,8.22), current history of Chorioamnionitis (AOR:5; 95%CI:1.05,23.9), previous history of cesarean section (AOR:6.2; 95%CI: 2.72,14.36), provision of antibiotics prophylaxis (AOR:3.2; 95%CI:1.81,5.62), perioperative HCT level <30% (AOR:6.9; 95%CI:3.45,14.1) and duration of rupture of membrane >12 hours (AOR:5.4; 95%CI:1.84,15.87) were the independent determinants of post-cesarean section surgical site infection.

Conclusion
Increased in age of the mother, higher number of per vaginal examination, having a history of chorioamnionitis, having previous history of cesarean section, not receiving antibiotics prophylaxis, lower perioperative hematocrit level and longer duration of rupture of membrane were statistically significant in multivariable analysis. Therefore; emphasis should be given for mothers who have higher age category, previous cesarean scar and history of choriamnionitis. In addition; provision of antibiotics should be comprehensive for all mothers undergoing cesarean section.