bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous Human Papillomaviruses and the Risk of Keratinocyte Carcinomas
Authors: Rollison Dana E. , Amorrortu Rossybelle P. , Zhao Yayi , Messina Jane L. , Schell Michael J. , Fenske Neil A. , Cherpelis Basil S. , Giuliano Anna R. , Sondak Vernon K. , Pawlita Michael , McKay-Chopin Sandrine , Gheit Tarik , Waterboer Tim , Tommasino Massimo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Cutaneous human papillomavirus (cuHPV) infections may be novel targets for skin cancer prevention and treatment, but critical information regarding the development of virus-positive skin cancers following cuHPV infection has been lacking. In this study, baseline cuHPV infection was measured by serology and viral DNA detection in eyebrow hairs (EBH) and forearm skin swabs (SSW) among 1,008 individuals undergoing routine skin cancer screening exams and followed for incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cuSCC). Baseline β-HPV detection, particularly in SSW, significantly predicted cuSCC (HR = 4.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–18.66), whereas serologic evidence of past β-HPV infection was not associated with cuSCC. Less than 5% of baseline β-HPV types detected in SSW were present in subsequent cuSCC tumors, and cuHPV detected in SSW with higher mean fluorescence intensity values were more likely to be present in cuSCC compared with those with lower levels (P &lt; 0.001). β-HPV-positive cuSCC occurred more often in areas of highly sun-damaged skin than did β-HPV-negative cuSCC. Overall, no clear patterns were observed between baseline β-HPV detection and subsequent development of BCC, or between baseline γ-HPV detection and either cuSCC or BCC. Collectively, these results demonstrate that β-HPV detection in SSW is a significant predictor of cuSCC risk, although evidence suggests only a small subset of cuSCC is etiologically linked to β-HPV infection.

Significance:
β-HPV positivity may be a useful biomarker for identifying individuals who could benefit from increased screening or novel cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma prevention strategies.
How Cancer Risk SNPs May Contribute to Prostate Cancer Disparities
Authors: Mavura Mnaya Y. , Huang Franklin W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Disparities in cancer incidence, prevalence, burden, and outcome exist among specific population groups in the United States. Researchers have identified germline genetic risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that differ by ancestry and may contribute to some of these differences. In this issue of Cancer Research, Han and colleagues found the prostate cancer risk SNP rs4713266 is associated with increased risk of patients with African ancestry. The authors investigated the functional role of the risk SNP, finding that it alters activity of a NEDD9 enhancer and increases NEDD9 expression. The study provides epidemiologic and mechanistic insight into factors that may drive prostate cancer disparities.
See related article by Han et al., p. 3766
percepção do usuário de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial sobre a assistência em saúde mental
Authors: Barros Alice Correia , Silva John Victor dos Santos , Tszesnioski Luise de Cássia , Silva Lucas Kayzan Barbosa da , Santos Maria Zélia de Araújo Lessa 
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial são serviços especializados na assistência de indivíduos com transtornos mentais graves e persistentes e tem como finalidade trabalhar o processo de reabilitação psicossocial. Objetivo: Identificar a opinião do usuário sobre a assistência recebida em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Maceió–AL. Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa realizado com 08 usuários de um CAPS de Maceió-AL, no mês de fevereiro de 2017, por meio de entrevista para coleta de material e análise de conteúdo para discussão dos resultados. Resultado: A partir das falas dos sujeitos surgiram as categorias “O CAPS na visão do usuário” e “Desafios e possibilidades para melhoria no CAPS”. Conclusão: O estudo aponta para uma importância significativa desses serviços na saúde mental dos usuários e reconhecimento da necessidade do investimento de políticas públicas para melhoria da qualidade da assistência.
Avaliação do luto familiar na perda gestacional e neonatal
Authors: Nisihara Renato Mitsunori , Okamoto Cristina , Reda Somaia , Maia Natália Trench , Mendes Gabriele Belniowski , Pucci Carolina Meira , Trintinalha Mariana de Oliveira 
Published: July 2021

Objetivos: Avaliar o grau de luto causado pela perda gestacional ou neonatal em pais e mães, associando com variáveis sócio-demográficas. Adicionalmente, comparar o grau de luto de acordo com o momento da perda. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico e questionário validado (Escala de Luto Perinatal–ELP) em pais que tiveram perda de seu filho em qualquer perído gestacional ou no neonatal. Resultados: 542 pais e mães estavam aptos para participação do estudo e após serem convidados para responder à pesquisa, 104 (19,1%) concordaram em participar. Os 104 participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: perda no primeiro trimestre gestacional (76,9%), e demais trimestres somados ao período neonatal (23,1%). Evidenciou-se predomínio materno das respostas (89,4%) e idade média de 29,1±15,58 anos. A mediana do escore na ELP foi de 90 pontos, não havendo diferença entre as pontuações de acordo com o momento da perda. Primigestas e mulheres com idade <25 anos apresentaram pontuações maiores que as demais (p=0,042 e p=0,047). Ideação suicida foi relatada por 15,4% e 32,7% das mães que se culpam pela morte do bebê têm escores significativamente maior do que aquelas que não tinham tal sentimento (p<0,0001). Estado civil, escolaridade, situação econômica, religião, realização de pré-natal, etnia e abortamento prévio não apresentaram associação significativa com os escores obtidos na ELP. Conclusão: O luto ocorreu independente da idade gestacional do momento da perda, sendo de maior intensidade nas mulheres mais jovens e naquelas com sentimento de culpa. Medidas devem ser tomadas para minimizar tal sofrimento.
Association of Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acid With Biomarkers of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Women
Authors: Hamaya Rikuta , Mora Samia , Lawler Patrick R. , Cook Nancy R. , Ridker Paul M. , Buring Julie E. , Lee I-Min , Manson JoAnn E. , Tobias Deirdre K. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; isoleucine, leucine, and valine) correlate with insulin resistance and poor glucose control, which may in part explain associations between type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the relationships of BCAAs with other cardiometabolic pathways, including inflammation and dyslipidemia, are unclear. We hypothesized that plasma BCAAs would correlate with multiple pathways of cardiometabolic dysfunction.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 19 472 participants (mean age=54.9 years, SD=7.2 years) in the Women’s Health Study without a history of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. We quantified the concentrations of individual biomarkers of inflammation and lipids, across quartiles of BCAAs, adjusting for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and other established cardiovascular disease risk factors at blood draw.

Results:

Women in the highest versus lowest quartiles of plasma BCAAs had higher inflammatory markers including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (multivariable-adjusted means: 1.96 versus 1.43 mg/L), fibrinogen (367 versus 362 mg/dL), soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (361 versus 353 ng/mL), and glycoprotein acetylation (407 versus 371 µmol/L;
P
trend=0.0002 for fibrinogen;
P
<0.0001 for others). Similarly for lipids, women with higher BCAAs had lower HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 49.0 versus 55.0 mg/dL), and higher triglycerides (143 versus 114 mg/dL), LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 133 versus 124 mg/dL), and lipoprotein insulin resistance score (52.6 versus 37.3; all:
P
<0.0001). Similar associations with these biomarkers were observed in isoleucine, leucine, and valine, respectively.

Conclusions:
Higher circulating BCAA concentrations are associated with adverse profiles of biomarkers of inflammation and dyslipidemia independent of established cardiovascular disease risk factors, and thus, may reflect poorer cardiometabolic health through multiple pathways.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00000479.
A Neuroligin Isoform Translated by circNlgn Contributes to Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Du William W. , Xu Jindong , Yang Weining , Wu Nan , Li Feiya , Zhou Le , Wang Sheng , Li Xiangmin , He Alina T. , Du Kevin Y. , Zeng Kaixuan , Ma Jian , Lyu Juanjuan , Zhang Chao , Zhou Chi , Maksimovic Katarina , Yang Burton B. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Fibrotic cardiac remodeling is a maladaptive response to acute or chronic injury that leads to arrhythmia and progressive heart failure. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We performed high-throughput RNA sequencing to analyze circular RNA profile in human cardiac disease and developed transgenic mice to explore the roles of circNlgn.

Methods and Results:
Using RNA sequencing, we found that circular neuroligin RNA (circNlgn) was highly upregulated in myocardial tissues of patients with selected congenital heart defects with cardiac overload. Back-splicing of the neuroligin gene led to the translation of a circular RNA–derived peptide (Nlgn173) with a 9-amino-acid nuclear localization motif. Binding of this motif to the structural protein LaminB1 facilitated the nuclear localization of Nlgn173. CHIP analysis demonstrated subsequent binding of Nlgn173 to both ING4 (inhibitor of growth protein 4) and C8orf44-SGK3 (serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-3) promoters, resulting in aberrant collagen deposition, cardiac fibroblast proliferation, and reduced cardiomyocyte viability. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of circNlgn-transgenic mice showed impaired left ventricular function, with further impairment when subjected to left ventricular pressure overload compared with WT (wild type) mice. Nuclear translocation of Nlgn173, dysregulated expression of ING4 and C8orf44-SGK3, and immunohistochemical markers of cardiac fibrosis were detected in a panel of 145 patient specimens. Phenotypic changes observed in left ventricular pressure overload and transgenic mice were abrogated with silencing of circNlgn or its targets ING4 and SGK3.

Conclusions:
We show that a circular RNA can be translated into a novel protein isoform. Dysregulation of this process contributes to fibrosis and heart failure in cardiac overload–induced remodeling. This mechanism may hold therapeutic implications for cardiac disease.
Therapeutic Inhibition of Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a Recovers Heart Function After Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Redd Meredith A. , Scheuer Sarah E. , Saez Natalie J. , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Chiu Han Sheng , Gao Ling , Hicks Mark , Villanueva Jeanette E. , Joshi Yashutosh , Chow Chun Yuen , Cuellar-Partida Gabriel , Peart Jason N. , See Hoe Louise E. , Chen Xiaoli , Sun Yuliangzi , Suen Jacky Y. , Hatch Robert J. , Rollo Ben , Xia Di , Alzubaidi Mubarak A.H. , Maljevic Snezana , Quaife-Ryan Gregory A. , Hudson James E. , Porrello Enzo R. , White Melanie Y. , Cordwell Stuart J. , Fraser John F. , Petrou Steven , Reichelt Melissa E. , Thomas Walter G. , King Glenn F. , Macdonald Peter S. , Palpant Nathan J. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the major risk factors implicated in morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. During cardiac ischemia, the buildup of acidic metabolites results in decreased intracellular and extracellular pH, which can reach as low as 6.0 to 6.5. The resulting tissue acidosis exacerbates ischemic injury and significantly affects cardiac function.

Methods:
We used genetic and pharmacologic methods to investigate the role of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) in cardiac IRI at the cellular and whole-organ level. Human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes as well as ex vivo and in vivo models of IRI were used to test the efficacy of ASIC1a inhibitors as pre- and postconditioning therapeutic agents.

Results:

Analysis of human complex trait genetics indicates that variants in the
ASIC1
genetic locus are significantly associated with cardiac and cerebrovascular ischemic injuries. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes in vitro and murine ex vivo heart models, we demonstrate that genetic ablation of ASIC1a improves cardiomyocyte viability after acute IRI. Therapeutic blockade of ASIC1a using specific and potent pharmacologic inhibitors recapitulates this cardioprotective effect. We used an in vivo model of myocardial infarction and 2 models of ex vivo donor heart procurement and storage as clinical models to show that ASIC1a inhibition improves post-IRI cardiac viability. Use of ASIC1a inhibitors as preconditioning or postconditioning agents provided equivalent cardioprotection to benchmark drugs, including the sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibitor zoniporide. At the cellular and whole organ level, we show that acute exposure to ASIC1a inhibitors has no effect on cardiac ion channels regulating baseline electromechanical coupling and physiologic performance.

Conclusions:
Our data provide compelling evidence for a novel pharmacologic strategy involving ASIC1a blockade as a cardioprotective therapy to improve the viability of hearts subjected to IRI.
International Observational Analysis of Evolution and Outcomes of Chronic Stable Angina: The Multinational CLARIFY Study
Authors: Mesnier Jules , Ducrocq Gregory , Danchin Nicolas , Ferrari Roberto , Ford Ian , Tardif Jean-Claude , Tendera Michal , Fox Kim M. , Steg Philippe Gabriel ,   for the CLARIFY Investigators
Published: July 2021

Background:
Although angina is common in patients with stable coronary artery disease, limited data are available on its prevalence, natural evolution, and outcomes in the era of effective cardiovascular drugs and widespread use of coronary revascularization.

Methods:
Using data from 32 691 patients with stable coronary artery disease from the prospective observational CLARIFY registry (Prospective Observational Longitudinal Registry of Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease), anginal status was mapped each year in patients without new coronary revascularization or new myocardial infarction. The use of medical interventions in the year preceding angina resolution was explored. The effect of 1-year changes in angina status on 5-year outcomes was analyzed using multivariable analysis.

Results:
Among 7212 (22.1%) patients who reported angina at baseline, angina disappeared (without coronary revascularization) in 39.6% at 1 year, with further annual decreases. In patients without angina at baseline, 2.0% to 4.8% developed angina each year. During 5-year follow-up, angina was controlled in 7773 patients, in whom resolution of angina was obtained with increased use of antianginal treatment in 11.1%, with coronary revascularization in 4.5%, and without any changes in medication or revascularization in 84.4%. Compared to patients without angina at baseline and 1 year, persistence of angina and occurrence of angina at 1 year with conservative management were each independently associated with higher rates of cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.12−1.55] for persistence of angina; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.11−1.70] for occurrence of angina) at 5 years. Patients whose angina had resolved at 1 year with conservative management were not at higher risk of cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction than those who never experienced angina (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.82−1.15]).

Conclusions:
Angina affects almost one-quarter of patients with stable coronary artery disease but resolves without events or coronary revascularization in most patients. Resolution of angina within 1 year with conservative management predicted outcomes similar to lack of angina, whereas persistence or occurrence was associated with worse outcomes. Because most patients with angina are likely to experience resolution of symptoms, and because there is no demonstrated outcome benefit to routine revascularization, this study emphasizes the value of conservative management of stable coronary artery disease.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.isrctn.com
; Unique identifier: ISRCTN43070564.
Decoupling the Role of Data, Attention, and Losses in Multimodal Transformers
Authors: Hendricks Lisa Anne , Mellor John , Schneider Rosalia , Alayrac Jean-Baptiste , Nematzadeh Aida 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecently, multimodal transformer models have gained popularity because their performance on downstream tasks suggests they learn rich visual-linguistic representations. Focusing on zero-shot image retrieval tasks, we study three important factors that can impact the quality of learned representations: pretraining data, the attention mechanism, and loss functions. By pretraining models on six datasets, we observe that dataset noise and language similarity to our downstream task are important indicators of model performance. Through architectural analysis, we learn that models with a multimodal attention mechanism can outperform deeper models with modality-specific attention mechanisms. Finally, we show that successful contrastive losses used in the self-supervised learning literature do not yield similar performance gains when used in multimodal transformers.
Evaluating Document Coherence Modeling
Authors: Shen Aili , Mistica Meladel , Salehi Bahar , Li Hang , Baldwin Timothy , Qi Jianzhong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
While pretrained language models (LMs) have driven impressive gains over morpho-syntactic and semantic tasks, their ability to model discourse and pragmatic phenomena is less clear. As a step towards a better understanding of their discourse modeling capabilities, we propose a sentence intrusion detection task. We examine the performance of a broad range of pretrained LMs on this detection task for English. Lacking a dataset for the task, we introduce INSteD, a novel intruder sentence detection dataset, containing 170,000+ documents constructed from English Wikipedia and CNN news articles. Our experiments show that pretrained LMs perform impressively in in-domain evaluation, but experience a substantial drop in the cross-domain setting, indicating limited generalization capacity. Further results over a novel linguistic probe dataset show that there is substantial room for improvement, especially in the cross- domain setting.
Satan and Circumcision: The Devil as the ἄγγελος πονηρός in Barn 9:4
Authors: Soon Isaac T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study argues that the ἄγγελος πονηρός in Barn 9.4 was Satan. James Carleton Paget, Adolf Hilgenfeld, Ferdinand Prostmeier and Geza Vermes gestured toward this interpretation, but none offered evidence for this identification other than assertion. In Barnabas, there is a constellation of ideas that connect circumcision with Satan, namely circumcision with pagan idolatry (9.6), idolatry to demons (16.7), and finally idolatry and demons to Satan’s ultimate rule (18.1; 20.1). Satan is also related to other obsolete Jewish cultic practices (2.4, 6; 16.1–2, 7). Barnabas also repeatedly describes the devil with the adjective πονηρός. Additionally, the fourth-century papyrus PSI VII 757r reads ἄγγελος ὁ πονηρός, identifying the angel as Satan. The “Ethiopianisation” of Satan as “the black one” (as argued by Clare Rothschild) confirms this reading. Since “Ethiopians” practiced circumcision, the devil as a “the black one” associates Satan with circumcision.
Jōdo Shinshū in the UK
Authors: Matsunaga Louella 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article outlines the history of Jōdo Shinshū in the UK, and asks why it has remained little known there despite being one of the largest schools of Buddhism in Japan, with sizable overseas branches in the Americas. I argue that this is due, at least in part, to the absence of a settled Japanese migrant population in Europe, in contrast to the Americas, where Jōdo Shinshū has been sustained historically by its ethnic Japanese base, although this has changed somewhat in recent years. Another important factor is the unfamiliarity of “other power” Buddhism in Europe. With its emphasis on reliance on Amida Buddha, rather than more familiar forms of Buddhist practice like seated silent meditation, Jōdo Shinshū challenges popular conceptions of Buddhism outside Asia, and this may affect its appeal in a European context.
Japanese Buddhism and Ireland
Authors: Cox Laurence , Ó Laoidh John 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article argues that there is no single relationship between Japanese Buddhism and Ireland. Rather, there is a series of changing relationships mediated by different world-system contexts between one island and another (peripheral and post-colonial) one: as ethnographic information, as cultural influence and as religious practice. The process of building such relationships has a long history, stretching back to the Irish reception of both Jesuit and traveller’s accounts of Japan, later made concrete by early intermediaries like Lafcadio Hearn / Koizumi Yakumo and Charles Pfoundes. W.B. Yeats in particular helped to give Japanese Buddhism a significant place in Irish culture, notably in poetry. From the 1960s and 1970s, Japanese Buddhists started to settle in Ireland and Japanese Buddhism began to be practiced; both are now an established part of the Irish religious landscape. The article sketches this history, culminating in the present situation of Japanese Buddhism in Ireland.
EKŌ-JI
Authors: Nottelmann-Feil Marc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The EKŌ temple in Düsseldorf was built thanks to the initiative and financial support of the Japanese entrepreneur Numata Ehan as one part of a German-Japanese cultural center. Following the vision of its founder, the EKŌ temple is dedicated to all schools of Japanese Buddhism, even though its basic layout is that of a Shin Buddhist temple. This article explores Numata’s founding vision, which is based on a modern interpretation of Buddhism, and it also describes the different groups that are involved in the life of the temple today. Significantly, different conceptions of Buddhism and the meaning of a temple coexist at EKŌ. These differences are particularly noticeable between Western and Japanese visitors; furthermore, they hint at the different processes of modernization that Japanese Buddhism in the West and in Japan respectively underwent, both of which continue to influence Buddhism today.
On the Sensitivity of Hurricane Intensity and Structure to Horizontal Tracer Advection Schemes in FV3
Authors: Gao Kun , Harris Lucas , Zhou Linjiong , Bender Morris , Morin Matthew 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigate the sensitivity of hurricane intensity and structure to the horizontal tracer advection in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Finite-Volume Cubed-Sphere Dynamical Core (FV3). We compare two schemes, a monotonic scheme and a less diffusive positive-definite scheme. The positive-definite scheme leads to significant improvement in the intensity prediction relative to the monotonic scheme in a suite of 5-day forecasts that mostly consist of rapidly intensifying hurricanes. Notable storm structural differences are present: the radius of maximum wind (RMW) is smaller and eyewall convection occurs farther inside the RMW when the positive-definite scheme is used. Moreover, we find that the horizontal tracer advection scheme affects the eyewall convection location by affecting the moisture distribution in the inner-core region. This study highlights the importance of dynamical core algorithms in hurricane intensity prediction.