bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiating Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus Ruppell, 1835) as watching species object in Banda Islands marine ecotourism
Authors: Oktaviani D , Suharti S R , Edrus I N , Hermana I S , Pelupessy J M S , Nugroho D 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Banda islands is a small island geographically located in the Banda Sea, Maluku Province, the eastern part of Indonesia. Livelihoods consist of agriculture, plantation, animal husbandry, and fishery activities. The number of fisher households is 1576 with 3278 fishers. From 2239 units of fishing gear, 75% of them are intended to utilize tuna and tuna-like fishes as their daily livelihood. Coral reef fisheries relatively limited numbers, so that reef fish exploitation is somewhat low pressure. Therefore, the area has a high fish diversity index and likely to be a diving tourism object. An area of 2500 Ha of Marine Protected Area (MPA) Banda Sea was established in 1977. Napoleon wrasse, Cheilinus undulatus Ruppell, 1835, one of the biggest coral fish had been classified by The IUCN Red List as endangered species is somewhat easy to find in this area. From our observation, the species are commonly found in shallow coral reef waters. The estimated density was 7.13 individuals per hectare with a size between 10 - 90 cm total length. The descriptive analysis was applied by utilizing several observations in 2018 through diving operator surveys, interviews, and digital literature reviews. This study aimed to estimate the potential benefit of initiating watching tourism as the prospect of sustainable socio-economic services. Therefore, it expects to be a new economic alternative livelihood for Banda small island coastal community. With the combination of existing MPA and Napoleon wrasse presence, this study would strongly contribute to the MPA economy and ecology values and its surroundingswaters under SDG’s 14 to maximize the conservation area benefits.
Destination images of ecotourism in Maluku: A marketing perspective
Authors: Asnawi A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The tourism industry has developed very rapidly in the last decade. Various types of tourism grow according to the wishes and preferences of tourists. The current kind of tourist segmentation is very diverse, so it makes multiple destinations with specific markets. One of them is ecotourism. Ecotourism develops and combines three aspects of tourism: natural sustainability, community empowerment, and increasing environmental awareness. This research discusses ecotourism from a different perspective, that is, marketing. Ecotourism is seen as a product that must be marketed by promoting marketing concepts. So far, we rarely encounter organizing tourist events in enhancing the image of ecotourism destinations because they conflict with natural sustainability. Several marketing concepts are needed to strengthen the economic aspect, including social media marketing and tourism events. The purpose of the whole idea is aimed at improving the image of the destination. This research uses quantitative analysis with Partial Least Square analysis tools. Respondents in this study amounted to 100 tourists. R-Square 0.45 shows that social media marketing and tourist events are also important and can build a destination image of an ecotourism destination.
Composition, density and spatial distribution of zooplankton on wet season (June-August) in Inner Ambon Bay
Authors: Latumeten J , Pello F S , Latumeten V D V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Inner Ambon Bay is part of Ambon Bay, it is semi closed area and is a small pelagic fish fishing ground, especially anchovy. The anchovy is zooplankton predator therefore existence of anchovy is affected by abundance of zooplankton. The aim of the research are to know composition, density and spatial distribution of the zooplankton during wet season (June to August). Data of zooplankton composition were obtained from sampling by using plankton net at 10 observation stations, meanwhile, data of densities were collected using scientific hydroacoustic system, BioSonic DTX, on six parallel transect lines and one cross-parallel transect line. Geostatistical analyses technique was used to describe horizontal distributions of zooplankton and vertical distributions were plot in the graphs. The result shows that zooplankton community dominated by Copepod and meroplankton. Highest density was found on August (9393/m2 ), while lowest density was on June (903 ind./m2 ). Vertical distribution of zooplankton shows that highest density was found near surface and decrease to deeper water coloumn. On the horizontal distribution, lower densities (0 – 400 ind./m2 ) occupy wider space, they evenly distributed in western, middle (north to south) and east, on the contrary, higher densities (3000- 5000 ind./m2 ) occupy smaller space i.e in the south-west, south and east to north-east of Inner Ambon Bay
Aggregation and feeding behaviour of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) in Kwatisore Waters within the Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Papua
Authors: Maruanaya Y , Retraubun A S W , Tuhumury S F , Abrahamz J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Research on whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) was conducted from April to June 2020 in Kwatisore waters within the Cenderawasih Bay National Park. This study aims to assess the aggregation and feeding behavior of whale sharks in the boat lift net area anchored in Kwatisore waters. The results showed that whale shark aggregation, especially the number of individual whale sharks that rose to the surface of the waters took place every day and was highly dependent on the availability of anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) as a catch of the life boat. The whale sharks that rose to the surface occurred in the morning, afternoon and evening with a total of 82 occurrences in 4 units of boat lift net. The results of the chi-square statistical test showed that there was no significant relationship between the month of observation with the presence or emergence of whale sharks to the water surface in the morning, afternoon and evening. The whale sharks range in length from 4 to 7 m and are predominantly male. The eating behavior of whale sharks while close to the boat lift net area ranges from 4 to 30 hours each day by forming a unique pattern, namely the queue pattern. The behaviors of consuming food in the boat lift net area are in a vertical position and sucking anchovies provided by the fishermen.
Habitat characteristcs and density of spotted seahorse Hippocampus kuda at waters of Ternate Island and surroundings, Maluku Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Dody S , Manuputty G D , Limmon G V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Seahorses are acknowledged as commodity due to the ornamental and the medical functions. The data of seahorses, particularly in Maluku Utara, has been undetermined yet. The study explores the habitat characteristcs and density of spotted seahorses Hippocampus kuda at waters of Ternate Island and surroundings. The study was held on January and December 2017 that located at waters of Ternate Island and surroundings. Purposive sampling method was implemented to determine the site of stations. The data were collected by applying the method of sampling quadrate (size of 10m x 10m). The characteristics of habitat of seahorse and the density of seahorse were described. The result illuminated that the seahorses were merely discovered at Station 1 and 2 (at south of Ternate Island). The highest density was found on April for the juveniles (3.3 ind/100 m2), as the broodstocks were on October (2.8 ind/100 m2). The presence of juveniles was noted high at Station 1 (75.81%) and none was found at Station 2. The broodstocks’ occurence was extremely high at Station 2 (male 46.77% and female 53.33%), whereas they were presented 24.20% at the Station 1 (male 14.52% and female 9.68%). The water quality at the site the seahorses were occured were temperature 29.1-29.2°C, transparency 1.5-1.7 m, salinity 25.3-25.5 ppt, pH 7.7-7.8, and DO 5.0-5.3 mg/l. The values were lower than the water quality at the site the seahorses were not found.
Sustainability of capture fisheries management in small islands region (Case study in Regency of Sitaro Island, North Sulawesi)
Authors: Bawole D , Apituley Y M T N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
High dependence on fishery resources in the small islands region in the Regency of Sitaro Islands is mostly caused by unemployment and unsupportive conditions of agricultural land. The pressure on fish resources and aquatic environment in that area becomes higher due to some fishing gears that could only be operated in that region, as well as the existence of local wisdom that limits fishing areas. This condition requires comprehensive management for sustainable fisheries activities. Conducted in the villages of Buhias, Matole, Pahepa, and Tapile, which are located in the small islands, Regency of Sitaro Island, this study aimed to determine the sustainability status of fisheries management based on dimensions of biophysical -technology, market, social, economic, institutional, ethical and infrastructure by using Rapfish Analysis. Sensitive attributes that affect the sustainability of fishery management on the dimension of biophysical - technology: fishing area border; market dimension: changing fish prices among seasons, dimension of socio-economic: the amount of income outside fisheries, dimension of institutional: role of women in the group, dimension of ethical: illegal fishing and dimension of infrastructure: transportation. Therefore, those attributes should get more attention in the sustainability of fishery management in the area of the small island.
Development strategy of the community perception, behavior, and participation for the management of mangrove ecosystem in Kotania Bay, Maluku
Authors: Nanlohy H , Ruban A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems are very important to be managed sustainably because they also affect the economic growth of an area. The pressure on the mangrove ecosystems due to utilization by coastal communities affects mangrove sustainability. The community needs to be directed and involved in the preservation of mangrove ecosystems. This paper aims to formulate strategies for developing perception, behavior, and participation of coastal community for mangrove ecosystem management in Kotania Bay. Data collection was carried out through a survey method involving stakeholder participation and through field observation. Data analysis through the A’WOT approach. The results showed that the development of community perception, behavior, and participation for mangrove ecosystem management in Kotania Bay must be regulated on a regional regulation basis. Utilization of mangrove ecosystems in a proper way accompanied by reforestation must be done to preserve mangrove ecosystems.
Fatigue property of cerium oxide modified vulcanised natural rubber under uniaxial loading
Authors: Duan Wuwei , Wang Yanping , Liu Yazhou , Zhang Zhe , Pan Zheng , Qiao Yu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2) modified natural rubber (NR) exhibits good mechanical properties, such as high abrasion resistance, high tear strength and good thermal aging and creep resistance. Rubber components are often subjected to long-term cyclic loading in service. Therefore, fatigue performance needs to be considered for their application. In the investigations, tensile properties and fatigue properties of CeO2 modified vulcanised NR under uniaxial loading were investigated. The fatigue tests were carried out under constant cyclic strain range at room temperature. Results showed that the CeO2 modified NR demonstrated higher elastic modulus and larger elongation than that of unmodified rubber, which were related to the enhanced interaction and bonding force of rubber chains by CeO2 additive. Moreover, a remarkably enhanced fatigue life could be achieved in the CeO2 modified NR. The internal friction and impact in the rubber matrix was relieved by CeO2 additive, which can reduce the hysteresis loss during cyclic loading, resulting in improved fatigue resistance in CeO2 modified vulcanised NR.
Characteristics and mechanism of light-induced resistance effect in ZnO thin film/SiO2/Si heterojunction
Authors: Zhou X Y , Yin B S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The polycrystalline ZnO thin films have been deposited on p-Si(100) substrate with a native SiO2 layer by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The photoinduced position sensitivity of the ZnO thin film/SiO2/Si heterojunction has been investigated. The resistance relative change ratio of ZnO/SiO2/Si was about 1041% at 1.0 bias voltage when the different positions of the heterojunction surface were illuminated by a He-Ne laser with 5 mW power and 50 μm diameter spot. A gradient distribution of light-generated electrons in the sample varied with the location of the light spot. The reason was that the distribution of carrier density is different between the illuminated and unilluminated location.
Effects of Ag/Ta co-implanted TiN coating on medical titanium alloy on biological and antibacterial properties
Authors: Song Xiduo , Zhao Mengli , Li Dejun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, co-implantation of silver and tantalum on TiN coated Ti-6Al-4V surface was carried out by an omnidirectional ion implantation system. The effects of Ag/Ta co-implantation on its biological properties and antibacterial activity were studied. The elemental content was determined by XPS, the biocompatibility was determined by Fibroblast-like cells (L929) and the antimicrobial activity was determined by Escherichia coli (E. coli). The results indicated that Ag/Ta-TiN coating exhibited the good biocompatibility and excellent antibacterial properties, which means that Ag/Ta co-implantation can improve the biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of Ti-6Al-4V.
Effect of chemical copolymerization and mixed chain extenders on mechanical properties of HTPB polyurethane
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zheng Jian , Zhang Xiao , Du Yongqiang , Li Ke , Yu Guibo , Jia Yunfei , Liu Yahao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, three kinds of polyurethane materials based on HTPB were prepared by copolymerization of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and hydroxyl-terminated polyethylene glycol-tetrahydrofuran copolyether (HTPE) and adding mixed chain extender, polyether polyols HEP-330N and 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide (HEDS). The effects of copolymerization and mixed chain extender on the mechanical properties of polyurethane were studied by static tensile test, dynamic mechanical property analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Among them, compared with pure HTPB, the tensile strength and elongation at break of polyurethanes obtained by copolymerization, the polyurethanes obtained by adding mixed chain extender, and the polyurethanes obtained by both of these two methods were significantly improved, and the storage modulus and loss modulus were also improved. In addition, the glass transition temperature of polyurethane remained basically unchanged, which was in the range of -79°C to -75°C. It was much lower than the room temperature, which would make it more widely used. This effective method will provide an opportunity for the synthesis of various high-performance composites.
Effect of water- and acid-pickling of aquaticplant biochar on the adsorption of Cd
Authors: Tan Wenbing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To reveal the influencing factors and mechanism of adsorption of heavy metal Cd by biochar, different elution solvents (water and dilute acid solution) were used in this paper to elute the residual ash substances after pyrolysis of biochar, then the pH was regulated to investigate the adsorption effect of biochar on Cd in different treatment conditions. The precipitation experiments of Cd by biochar soaking and washing filtrate showed that the precipitation of root, stem and leaf of Acorus calamus L. contributed a great deal to the heavy metal removal system, which accounting for 81%, 77% and 98%, respectively, and the adsorption effect of biochar of roots, stems and leaves of Acorus calamus L. on Cd was slightly increased after washing. The adsorption experiment of biochar pickling on heavy metals showed that the adsorption effect of biochar on heavy metals Cd decreased greatly after pickling, which may be due to the removal of most of the minerals on the surface of biochar after pickling and the decrease of pH value of biochar. This work can provide insights into the use of biochar to control Cd.
Effect of softening in near-surface region on wear transition of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at elevated temperatures
Authors: Du D H , Yu Z J , Tao F J , An J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dry sliding wear testing of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was performed at temperatures of 20, 100 and 200°C to investigate it’s wear transition mechanism. Each wear rate-applied load curve demonstrated a mild wear stage and a severe wear stage. Morphology and composition of worn surface were analyzed using SEM and EDS techniques. When wear transformed from the mild wear stage to severe wear stage, sever plastic deformation wear mechanism played a dominant role. The analysis of subsurface microstructures revealed that a fine grain microstructure zone was formed beneath the surface after mild to severe wear transition, correspondingly a soften effect was detected in the fine grain microstructure zone by microhardness measurement. Therefore, it is considered that the softening in the near surface is the main reason for mild to severe wear transition.
A yeast-based screening system identified bakkenolide B contained in Petasites japonicus as an inhibitor of interleukin-2 production in a human T cell line
Authors: Uesugi Shota , Hakozaki Mayuka , Kanno Yuko , Takahashi Honoka , Kudo Yui , Kimura Ken-ichi , Yamada Hidetoshi , Yano Akira 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Ca2+ signaling is related to various diseases such as allergies, diabetes, and cancer. We explored Ca2+ signaling inhibitors in natural resources using a yeast-based screening method and found bakkenolide B from the flower buds of edible wild plant, Petasites japonicus, using the YNS17 strain (zds1Δ erg3Δ pdr1/3Δ). Bakkenolide B exhibited growth-restoring activity against the YNS17 strain and induced Li+ sensitivity of wild-type yeast cells, suggesting that it inhibits the calcineurin pathway. Additionally, bakkenolide B inhibited interleukin-2 production at gene and protein levels in Jurkat cells, a human T cell line, but not the in vitro phosphatase activity of human recombinant calcineurin, an upstream regulator of interleukin-2 production. Furthermore, bakkenolide A showed weak activity in YNS17 and Jurkat cells compared with bakkenolide B. These findings revealed new biological effects and the structure–activity relationships of bakkenolides contained in P. japonicus as inhibitors of interleukin-2 production in human T cells.
Incipient speciation and its impact on taxonomic decision: a case study using a sky island sister-species pair of stag beetles (Lucanidae: Lucanus)
Authors: Chou Ming-Hsun , Tseng Wei-Zhe , Sang Yao-De , Morgan Brett , De Vivo Mattia , Kuan Yi-Hsiu , Wang Liang-Jong , Chen Wei-Yun , Huang Jen-Pan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Species delimitation can be difficult when the divergence between focal taxa is in the incipient stage of speciation, because conflicting results are expected among different data sets, and the species limits can differ depending on the species concept applied. We studied speciation history and investigated the impact on taxonomic decision-making when using different types of data in a Taiwanese endemic sister-species pair of stag beetles, Lucanus miwai and Lucanus yulaoensis, from sky island habitats. We showed that the two geographical taxa can be diagnosed by male mandibular shape. We found two mitochondrial co1 lineages with pairwise sequence divergence &gt; 3%; however, L. miwai might not be monophyletic. The result of our multispecies coalescent-based species delimitation using five nuclear loci supported the evolutionary independence of the two sister species, but the calculated values of the genealogical divergence index (gdi) corresponded to the ambiguous zone of species delimitation. We also showed that post-divergence gene flow is unlikely. Our study demonstrates challenges in the delineation of incipient species, but shows the importance of understanding the speciation history and adopting integrative approaches to reconcile seemingly conflicting results before making evolutionarily relevant taxonomic decisions.
Responding to the ‘Weight of the World’: Unveiling the ‘Feeling’ Bourdieu in Social Work
Authors: Houston Stan , Swords Calvin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The world continues to lurch from crisis to crisis. Amidst environmental decline, growing disparities in wealth and social dislocation, a minority of the world’s population ironically prosper while the silent majority struggle to maintain basic standards of economic and social well-being. Social workers are compelled to respond to societal issues such as these but need theories to make sense of disparities in lived experience and life outcomes. Responding to this necessity, some social work scholars have drawn on Pierre Bourdieu’s meta-theory to explain social injustice and guide anti-oppressive practice. While this growing corpus of work is encouraging, further critical appraisal of Bourdieu’s work is required. In this article, we identify a gap in Bourdieu’s meta-theory: the relative inattention to human affect and how it connects with his formative concepts of ‘habitus’, ‘field’ and ‘capital’. This focus on human affect is salutary given its centrality in social work practice. To address this gap, we proffer some tentative thoughts about the nature of ‘affective habitus’, ‘affective fields’ and ‘affective capital’. The implications of these enriched concepts for social work are finally considered.