bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a psychosocial intervention at one-year follow-up in a PREDIMED-plus sample with obesity and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Mallorquí-Bagué Núria , Lozano-Madrid María , Vintró-Alcaraz Cristina , Forcano Laura , Díaz-López Andrés , Galera Ana , Fernández-Carrión Rebeca , Granero Roser , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Corella Dolores , Pintó Xavier , Cuenca-Royo Aida , Bulló Mònica , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , de la Torre Rafael , Fernández-Aranda Fernando 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study examines if overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms, and if these variables could be modified after 1 year of a multimodal intervention (diet, physical activity, psychosocial support). 342 adults (55–75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus Cognition study were randomized to the intervention or to the control group (lifestyle recommendations). Cognitive and psychopathological assessments were performed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. At baseline, higher impulsivity was linked to higher food addiction and depressive symptoms, but not to body mass index (BMI). Food addiction not only predicted higher BMI and depressive symptoms, but also achieved a mediational role between impulsivity and BMI/depressive symptoms. After 1 year, patients in both groups reported significant decreases in BMI, food addiction and impulsivity. BMI reduction and impulsivity improvements were higher in the intervention group. Higher BMI decrease was achieved in individuals with lower impulsivity. Higher scores in food addiction were also related to greater post-treatment impulsivity. To conclude, overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms in mid/old age individuals with MetS. Our results also highlight the modifiable nature of the studied variables and the interest of promoting multimodal interventions within this population.
A randomised clinical trial comparing 35 Hz versus 50 Hz frequency stimulation effects on hand motor recovery in older adults after stroke
Authors: Sentandreu-Mañó Trinidad , Tomás José M. , Ricardo Salom Terrádez J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMore solid data are needed regarding the application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in the paretic hand following a stroke. A randomised clinical trial was conducted to compare the effects of two NMES protocols with different stimulation frequencies on upper limb motor impairment and function in older adults with spastic hemiparesis after stroke. Sixty nine outpatients were randomly assigned to the control group or the experimental groups (NMES with 50 Hz or 35 Hz). Outcome measures included motor impairment tests and functional assessment. They were collected at baseline, after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, and after a follow-up period. NMES groups showed significant changes (p < 0.05) with different effect sizes in range of motion, grip and pinch strength, the Modified Ashworth Scale, and the muscle electrical activity in the extensors of the wrist. The 35 Hz NMES intervention showed a significant effect on Barthel Index. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the groups in the Box and Block Test. Both NMES protocols proved evidence of improvements in measurements related to hand motor recovery in older adults following a stroke, nevertheless, these findings showed that the specific stimulation frequency had different effects depending on the clinical measures under study.
Diagnostic delay of associated interstitial lung disease increases mortality in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Cano-Jiménez Esteban , Vázquez Rodríguez Tomás , Martín-Robles Irene , Castillo Villegas Diego , Juan García Javier , Bollo de Miguel Elena , Robles-Pérez Alejandro , Ferrer Galván Marta , Mouronte Roibas Cecilia , Herrera Lara Susana , Bermudo Guadalupe , García Moyano Marta , Rodríguez Portal Jose Antonio , Sellarés Torres Jacobo , Narváez Javier , Molina-Molina María 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease whose main extra-articular organ affected is the lung, sometimes in the form of diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD) and conditions the prognosis. A multicenter, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of consecutive patients diagnosed with RA-ILD. Demographic, analytical, respiratory functional and evolution characteristics were analyzed to evaluate the predictors of progression and mortality. 106 patients were included. The multivariate analysis showed that the diagnostic delay was an independent predictor of mortality (HR 1.11, CI 1.01–1.23, p = 0.035). Also, age (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.09–1.62, p = 0.0045), DLCO (%) (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73–0.98, p = 0.0246), and final SatO2 (%) in the 6MWT (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.39–0.99, p = 0.0465) were independent predictor variables of mortality, as well as GAP index (HR 4.65, 95% CI 1.59–13.54, p = 0.0051) and CPI index (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.22, p = 0.0092). The withdrawal of MTX or LFN after ILD diagnosis was associated with disease progression in the COX analysis (HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.14–4.18, p = 0.019). This is the first study that highlights the diagnostic delay in RA-ILD is associated with an increased mortality just like happens in IPF.
The effects of seasons and weather on sleep patterns measured through longitudinal multimodal sensing
Authors: Mattingly Stephen M. , Grover Ted , Martinez Gonzalo J. , Aledavood Talayeh , Robles-Granda Pablo , Nies Kari , Striegel Aaron , Mark Gloria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrevious studies of seasonal effects on sleep have yielded unclear results, likely due to methodological differences and limitations in data size and/or quality. We measured the sleep habits of 216 individuals across the U.S. over four seasons for slightly over a year using objective, continuous, and unobtrusive measures of sleep and local weather. In addition, we controlled for demographics and trait-like constructs previously identified to correlate with sleep behavior. We investigated seasonal and weather effects of sleep duration, bedtime, and wake time. We found several small but statistically significant effects of seasonal and weather effects on sleep patterns. We observe the strongest seasonal effects for wake time and sleep duration, especially during the spring season: wake times are earlier, and sleep duration decreases (compared to the reference season winter). Sleep duration also modestly decreases when day lengths get longer (between the winter and summer solstice). Bedtimes and wake times tend to be slightly later as outdoor temperature increases.
Hearing and Exposure to Music in Adolescents From Four Schools of Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Gaetán Sara , Muratore Jimena , Maggi Ana Luz , Villalobo Jorge Pérez , de los Ángeles Hinalaf María 
Published: April 2021

Purposes
The aims of this study are (a) to characterize the hearing of adolescents from four schools of Córdoba, Argentina, through the analysis of conventional and extended high-frequency audiometric thresholds and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and (b) to analyze the association between the mentioned hearing tests and exposure to music.

Method
It was a cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. Hearing thresholds (250–16000 Hz), transient evoked OAEs, and distortion product OAEs were evaluated in 225 adolescents (450 ears) aged 14 and 15 years. The ears were split into two groups: Group 1 had thresholds ≤ 21 dB HL in all frequencies, and Group 2 had thresholds > 21 dB HL in at least one. Exposure to music was evaluated through a questionnaire.

Results
Statistically significant differences were found in both ears between Groups 1 and 2. A notch at 3000–6000 Hz was noted in both groups. Group 2 showed a progressive threshold increase from 9000 Hz. Amplitude decrease, negative values, absent distortion product OAEs, and transient evoked OAEs were noted even in Group 1. A statistically significant association between Groups 1 and 2 and the presence/absence of OAEs was observed in most frequencies. Ears with moderate or high exposure to music had greater hearing thresholds compared to ears with low exposure at most frequencies; this was more evident in Group 1. Regarding exposure to music and OAEs, no significant differences were found between the exposure categories.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the value of implementing hearing conservation programs in Argentina, analyzing hearing tests correlated with questionnaires about recreational noise exposure in order to detect vulnerable ears early.
Dilation-predominant approach versus routine care in patients with difficult-to-treat eosinophilic esophagitis: a retrospective comparison
Authors: Greenberg Sydney , Chang Nicole C. , Corder S. Ryanne , Reed Craig C. , Eluri Swathi , Dellon Evan S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Little is known about esophageal dilation as a long-term treatment approach for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We examined the impact of a “dilate and wait” strategy on symptom management and safety of patients with EoE.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included two patient groups: those who underwent a dilation-predominant approach (≥ 3 dilations as sole therapy or for histologically refractory disease [> 15 eos/hpf]); and those who had routine care (< 3 dilations or histologic response). Group characteristics were compared and outcomes for the dilation-only group assessed.
Results 53/205 patients (26 %) received the dilation-predominant strategy (total 408 dilations), predominantly for histologic treatment nonresponse (75 %). These patients were younger (33 vs. 41 years; P = 0.003), had a narrower baseline esophageal diameter (9.8 vs. 11.5 mm; P = 0.005), underwent more dilations (7.7 vs. 3.4; P < 0.001), but achieved a smaller final diameter (15.7 vs. 16.7 mm; P = 0.01) vs. routine care. With this strategy, 30 patients (57 %) had ongoing symptom improvement, with esophageal caliber change independently associated with symptom response (adjusted odds ratio 1.79, 95 % confidence interval 1.16–2.78); 26 (49 %) used the strategy as a bridge to clinical trials. Over a median follow-up of 1001 days (interquartile range 581–1710), no deaths or dilation-related perforations occurred, but there were nine emergency room visits, including one for post-dilation bleeding and four for food impaction.
Conclusions A dilation-predominant long-term treatment strategy allowed for symptom control or bridge to clinical trials for patients with difficult-to-treat EoE. Close follow-up and monitoring for complications are required.
Who reads contemporary erotic novels and why?
Authors: Kraxenberger Maria , Knoop Christine A. , Menninghaus Winfried 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the wake of EL James’s series Fifty Shades of Grey, the book market has seen a veritable surge of bestselling erotic novels over the past decade. The online study reported here pursued two questions: (1) Who reads these erotic novels? (2) What are the reasons underlying this preference? Most of the readers of erotic novels that responded to our survey are heterosexual women in committed relationships. They are highly educated, from a broad age span, describe themselves as avid readers and like to share their reading experiences with others. Distraction and feelings of ease were identified as prime rewards associated with reading erotic novels. The sexual explicitness of the novels and their potential to provide guidance in life also play a role, yet turned out to be less important than suggested in previous research. Contrary to critical opinion, our participants consider erotic novels––at least to a certain degree–to be emancipated, feminist, and progressive. We relate this finding primarily to the surveyed participants’ rather traditional beliefs regarding gender roles. Our study is the first to explore empirically the readership and the reading rewards underlying a current large-scale cultural phenomenon, emphasizing the need for future investigations off the literary canon.
ADAM9 enhances Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmunity by activating TGF-β1
Authors: Umeda Masataka , Yoshida Nobuya , Hisada Ryo , Burbano Catalina , Orite Seo Yeon K. , Kono Michihito , Kyttaris Vasileios C. , Krishfield Suzanne , Owen Caroline A. , Tsokos George C. 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Members of the ADAM family of proteinases are expressed by immune cells and have been postulated to contribute to the development of autoimmune pathology. The current report provides evidence that ADAM9 drives the development of Th17 cells by producing bioactive TGF-β1. ADAM9 deficiency mitigates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice, while T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus express increased amounts of ADAM9, which, when suppressed, mitigates the generation of Th17 cells. The findings of this study identify the pivotal role of ADAM9 in the development of Th17 cells, and its targeting should ameliorate pathology in Th17-dependent diseases.
Anastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly).
Authors: Norrbom Allen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

A. fraterculus has a broad host range, particularly in the family Myrtaceae, but it is also a pest of citrus and apples [Malus domestica] in some areas. It is the most important pest species of Anastrepha in subtropical areas of South America, thus it and Anastrepha ludens may be more of a threat of introduction to other subtropical areas of the world than other species of Anastrepha. It is invasive in the Galapagos Islands. As it is probably a complex of cryptic species whose ranges and delimitation remain unresolved, there is also the threat of introduction of particular cryptic species to other areas within the range of the complex. It is considered an A1 quarantine pest by EPPO.
Source term method for binary neutron stars initial data
Authors: Tsao Bing-Jyun , Haas Roland , Tsokaros Antonios 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The initial condition problem for a binary neutron star system requires a Poisson equation solver for the velocity potential with a Neumann-like boundary condition on the surface of the star. Difficulties that arise in this boundary value problem are: (a) the boundary is not known a priori, but constitutes part of the solution of the problem; (b) various terms become singular at the boundary. In this work, we present a new method to solve the fluid Poisson equation for irrotational/spinning binary neutron stars. The advantage of the new method is that it does not require complex fluid surface fitted coordinates and it can be implemented in a Cartesian grid, which is a standard choice in numerical relativity calculations. This is accomplished by employing the source term method proposed by Towers, where the boundary condition is treated as a jump condition and is incorporated as additional source terms in the Poisson equation, which is then solved iteratively. The issue of singular terms caused by vanishing density on the surface is resolved with an additional separation that shifts the computation boundary to the interior of the star. We present two-dimensional tests to show the convergence of the source term method, and we further apply this solver to a realistic three-dimensional binary neutron star problem. By comparing our solution with the one coming from the initial data solver cocal, we demonstrate agreement to approximately 1%. Our method can be used in other problems with non-smooth solutions like in magnetized neutron stars.
Euclidean LQG dynamics: an electric shift in perspective
Authors: Varadarajan Madhavan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a non-perturbative attempt at quantization of a classical phase space description of gravity in terms of SU(2) connections and electric fields. As emphasized recently Ashtekar and Varadarajan (2020 arXiv:2012.12094 [gr-qc]), on this phase space, classical gravitational evolution in time can be understood in terms of certain gauge covariant generalizations of Lie derivatives with respect to a spatial
SU(2) Lie algebra valued vector field called the electric shift. We present a derivation of a quantum dynamics for Euclidean LQG which is informed by this understanding. In addition to the physically motivated nature of the action of the Euclidean Hamiltonian constraint so derived, the derivation implies that the spin labels of regulating holonomies are determined by corresponding labels of the spin network state being acted upon thus eliminating the ‘spin j-ambiguity’ pointed out by Perez. By virtue of Thiemann’s seminal work, the Euclidean quantum dynamics plays a crucial role in the construction of the Lorentzian quantum dynamics so that our considerations also have application to Lorentzian LQG.
Center-of-mass ambiguity for Bondi–Metzner–Sachs charges
Authors: Helfer Adam D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Dray and Streubel proposed a definition of angular momentum in general relativity based on ‘Bondi–Metzner–Sachs charges’. I show here that the natural definition of center of mass in this program has an infinite-dimensional ambiguity. (This seems not to have been noticed before because previous work has tacitly carried over a special-relativistic assumption.) A related point is that the natural definition of spin in this context is translation-, but not supertranslation-, invariant.
Relation of the fragility and heat capacity jump in the supercooled liquid region with the shear modulus relaxation in metallic glasses
Authors: Makarov A S , Qiao J C , Kobelev N P , Aronin A S , Khonik V A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fragility constitutes a major parameter of supercooled liquids. The phenomenological definition of this quantity is related to the rate of a change of the shear viscosity η at the glass transition temperature. Although a large number of correlations of the fragility with different properties of metallic glasses were reported, an adequate understanding of its physical nature is still lacking. Attempting to uncover this nature, we performed the calculation of the fragility within the framework of the interstitialcy theory (IT) combined with the elastic shoving model. We derived an analytical expression for the fragility, which shows its relation with the high-frequency shear modulus G in the supercooled liquid state. To verify this result, specially designed measurements of η and G were performed on seven Zr-, Cu- and Pd-based metallic glasses. It was found that the fragility calculated from shear modulus relaxation data is in excellent agreement with the fragility derived directly from shear viscosity measurements. We also calculated the heat capacity jump ΔC
sql at the glass transition and showed that it is related to the fragility and, consequently, to shear modulus relaxation. The ΔC
sql-value thus derived is in a good agreement with experimental data. It is concluded that the fragility and heat capacity jump in the supercooled liquid state can be determined by the evolution of the system of interstitial-type defects frozen-in from the melt upon glass production, as suggested by the IT. This connection is mediated by the high-frequency shear modulus.
Artemisinin co-delivery system based on manganese oxide for precise diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Li Mengting , Zhu Xing , Zhang Zhenzhong , Huang Heqing , Hou Lin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) responsive intelligent system can realize the specific release and uniform distribution of chemotherapy drugs in tumor tissues, to achieve high-efficiency and low-toxic treatment of tumors. In this paper, drug delivery system TKD@RBCm-Mn2O3-ART with the above characteristics was constructed. We synthesized hollow mesoporous manganese trioxide (Mn2O3) nanoparticles and firstly found that they owned time-dependent size transformation feature in simulated TME. The particle size decreased from 318 nm to 50 nm and 6 nm at 1 h and 4 h in simulated TME, respectively. Then artemisinin (ART) was loaded into Mn2O3 to realize the co-delivery of Mn2+ and ART. The modification of homologous red cell membrane (RBCm) and TKD peptide was aimed at long circulation and tumor targeting in the body. In vitro results demonstrated that in the presence of GSH, the cumulative drug release percentage could achieve 97.5%. Meanwhile, Mn2O3 exhibited a good imaging capability in tumor, with the relaxation rate of 6.3113 mM−1 s−1. After entering into MCF-7 cells, TKD@RBCm-Mn2O3/ART synchronously released Mn2+ and ART to generate large amount of ROS and induce DNA damage. In vivo results proved TKD@RBCm-Mn2O3/ART could arrive the deep area of solid tumors and achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
Synergistic function of doping and ligand engineering to enhance the photostability and electroluminescence performance of CsPbBr3 quantum dots
Authors: Chen Junfei , Shen Zhaohui , Liu Pengbo , Sun Zhengyang , Liu Jay Guoxu , Shen Chongyu , Song Dandan , Zhao Suling , Xu Zheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The photostability issue of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) is one of the key origins for the degradation of their luminescence performance, which hinders their application in lighting and displays. Herein, we report a new method combining doping and ligand engineering, which effectively improves the photostability of CsPbBr3 QDs and the performance of QD light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). In this method, ZnBr2 is doped into CsPbBr3 QDs to reduce surface anion defects; didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) and tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB) hybrid ligands, which have strong adsorption with QDs, are employed to protect the surface and enhance the conductivity of QD layer in QLEDs. The photoluminescence (PL) and transmission electron microscopy measurements prove the effectively improved photostability of CsPbX3 QDs. Moreover, reduced defects and improved conductivity by doping and hybrid ligands treatment also enable the improved electroluminescence performance of CsPbX3 QDs. The maximum luminance and external quantum efficiency of the QLED with optimized CsPbX3 QDs are 3518.9 cd m−2 and 5.07%, which are 3.6 and 2.1 times than that of the control device, respectively. Combining doping and hybrid ligands makes perovskite QDs have an extremely promising prospect in future applications of high-definition displays, high-quality lighting, as well as solar cells.
Influence of thermal growth of Au nanoparticles in the coupling efficiency of Au/SiO2 nanocomposite grating coupler
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Jun , Dai Haitao , Liu Changlong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Au/SiO2 nanocomposite grating coupler with a period of 600 nm was fabricated by implantation of 140 keV Au ions at a fluence of 6 × 1016 ions·cm−2 in combination with subsequent electron-beam lithography and ion beam etching. The thermal evolution of Au nanoparticles and its influence on the vertical coupling efficiency of the prepared grating coupler has been investigated in detail. The results clearly show that the coupling efficiency of the nanocomposite grating coupler could be affected by the thermal evolution of Au nanoparticles, which increases in the annealing temperature range up to 800 °C, and then decreases at 900 °C and above. Theoretical calculation demonstrates that the change of the coupling efficiency should be closely related to the synergistic effect of the scattering effect and the variation in the volume fraction of Au nanoparticles due to the thermal growth.
Newton’s cradle: using a smartphone sound sensor to extract g from the sound of impacts
Authors: Pili Unofre B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The sound of impacts made by the two outermost balls in a Newton’s cradle were recorded with a smartphone sound sensor. As a time series of sound pressure levels, the data made it possible to obtain the period of the identical pendulums. Hence the determination of the acceleration due to gravity. The result, on average, g = 9.99 m s−2, is close enough to the locally accepted value of 9.78 m s−2 for instructional purposes.