bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal dynamics of bean aphids and its relationship with the abundance of Lady Bird Beetles
Authors: Sharmin Mohsen Ara , Amin Md Ruhul , Miah Md Ramiz Uddin , Akanda Abdul Mannan 
Published: April 2021

The seasonal dynamics of aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on four bean species namely country bean Lablab purpureus, yard long bean Vigna sesquipedalis, hyacinth bean Dolichos lablab and bush bean Phaseolus vulgaris were studied from September to December 2017 in the experimental field of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The study also investigated the relationship between the abundance of aphid and its predatory insect lady bird beetle. Aphid abundance on the bean species showed increasing trend from the 4th week of September and reached to the peak during the 2nd week of November and then declined. Bush bean and yard long bean, respectively depicted the higher and lower abundances of aphid throughout the study. Relationship between the abundance of aphid and lady bird beetle on the bean species were positively correlated. Aphid showed negatively correlation with temperature and rainfall, and positive correlation with relative humidity, and the correlations were not significant. Multiple regression equation showed that temperature had the highest effect which contributed 16.1 - 19.2% role on the population of aphid.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 357-363, 2020
Toxicological effect and behavioral response of a predatory Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to three indigenous plant seed extracts
Authors: Sultana Sadia , Nasiruddin Munira , Azadi MA , Chowdhury MR 
Published: April 2021

For the removal of undesired fish species from aquaculture ponds, an alternative to synthetic toxins is the use of botanical toxicants which are biodegradable and environmentally safer. Toxicological effects of distilled water, 50% ethyl alcohol, methanol and acetone extracts of three indigenous plant seeds, Jatropha carcus (Linn.), Hydnocarpus wightianus (Blume) and Aleurites moluccana (Linn. Willd) were studied on the predatory fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) under normal laboratory conditions. Depending upon the type of plants, extracts and concentrations, percentage mortality varied. Behavioral activities increased with increasing concentrations. During exposure, fish exhibited discolouration, gulping for air, erratic swimming, loss of reflex, slow movement and ultimately became motionless before death . The extent of toxicity of extracts for J. carcus, H. wightianus and A. moluccana on H. fossilis could be ranked in the order: Acetone > methanol > 50% ethyl alcohol > distilled water. On the basis of LC50 values the most toxic was acetone extract of J. carcus seeds and least toxic was distilled water extract of A. moluccana seeds. It is suggested that these plant seed extracts would be helpful in aquaculture to remove unwanted fish species from culture ponds.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 379-391, 2020
Molecular identification and life cycle of Black Soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) in laboratory
Authors: Ferdousi Lailatul , Sultana Nahid , Helal MA Al , Momtaz Nasima 
Published: April 2021

Molecular identification and life cycle of the Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens were carried out from the Bangladesh bio-geographical area. The sequencing result and phylogenetic analysis of BSF showed 99-100% similarity with H. illucens from GenBank. The average duration of life cycle of male and female were 45.08±4.46d and 46.15± 4.12d respectively. The adult female is 16.3±0.91mm long, whereas the adult male is 14.30±0.19 mm long and smaller than female. The number of eggs per clutch was 537.37±40.21 which hatched in 4.36±0.24 days. The mean duration of the developmental stages were 16.07±2.59, 15.4±2.50, 9.95±1.48 and 10.33±1.89 d for larva, pupa, male and female respectively, when cultured at 29.40±1.77° C, RH 68.25±2.32 %, 14:10 (L: D) photoperiod. The mature larval weight (0.20±0.03 g) was highest among other developmental stages.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 429-440, 2020
Diversity, status and habitat usage of avifauna at sadar upazila, magura, Bangladesh
Authors: Shome Ashikur Rahman , Alam Md Mahabub , Rabbe Md Fazle , Rahman Mohammad Mijanur , Jaman Mohammad Firoj 
Published: April 2021

A study on diversity, status, and habitat preference of avifauna was conducted from November 2017 to October 2018 in Magura Sadar upazila, Magura. Data was collected through direct field observations using line-transect method. Field surveys were made for three days per month in both rural and urban sites. A total of 140 species of birds belonged to 18 orders and 48 families were reported. Among the total species, 55% (77 species) were non-passerines and 45% (63 species) passerines with the highest individuals were counted under order Passeriformes. Resident bird species were dominant (106 species, 75.71%) over migratory (34 species, 24.28%) species. Species richness was the highest in the rural areas (124 species, 88.57%) and occurrence was the highest in winter season (97 species, 69.29%). The maximum species were recorded from trees (87 species, 62.14%) as preferred habitat. In this study, in total 4,060 individuals of birds were counted and among them, 51.55% (n=2093) were observed in the rural areas and 48.45% (n=1967) were in the urban areas. The highest number of birds was found in December (10.34%, n=432) and seasonal abundance was the highest in winter (40.15%, n=1630). Abundance was the highest for Common Myna (5.76%, n=234) among all recorded species. Diversity indices showed that the bird species were the most diverse in the rural areas in the winter season and in July. Habitat diversity indices were the highest for trees and birds used different types of habitats at different times for roosting, breeding and feeding. Regarding the observation status, 29.28% species was very common, 4.28% common, 31.42% fairly common, and 35% were few. This baseline data indicate that this study site is significant from the ecological and conservation point of views. Therefore, further research is necessary to understand how this avian diversity is maintained in this ecological setting.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 441-456, 2020
Perancangan Dan Implemetasi Kalman Filter pada Sistem Estimasi Posisi Roket Elektrik
Authors: Gunawan Rizqi , Jatmiko Didit Andri 
Published: April 2021

Kompetisi Muatan Roket Indonesia (KOMURINDO) merupakan kompetisi yang diselenggarakan oleh Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional (LAPAN). Salah satu kategori pada kompetisi ini adalah Wahana Sistem Kendali, kategori ini memiliki tema “Perancangan wahana dengan sistem propulsi Electric Ducted Fan (EDF) dan sistem kendali untuk mencapai sasaran secara horizontal”. Pada Kategori ini setiap peserta diharuskan merancang wahana roket EDF yang dapat meluncur dari rel launcher secara autonomous menuju target selebar 25m sejauh 200m yang telah diketahui koordinat lokasinya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sistem navigasi berbasis waypoint yang dapat mengarahkan wahana roket menuju target. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan akurasi dan kepresisian data posisi dengan menggunakan algoritma Kalman Filter dan multi penerima GNSS untuk menestimasi posisi roket EDF. Pada penelitian ini digunakan dua buah penerima GNSS dengan jenis yang sama. Pengimplementasian sistem estimasi posisi ini mempertimbangkan tentang pengaruh berat terhadap titik center of gravity roket dan ukuran ruang payload. Pengujian sistem estimasi posisi dilakukan diarea terbuka dengan membawanya pada garis referensi sejauh 200 meter yang telah diketahui nilai koordinatnya. Koordinat garis referensi diambil menggunakan google maps dengan jarak antar titik koordinat adalah 1 meter. Berdasarkan data hasil percobaan dan membandingkan hasil trayektori dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem estimasi posisi ini mampu meningkatkan akurasi data sebesar 3 sampai 30%.
العملة الافتراضية (Bitcoin)، تكييفها القانوني وحكم التعامل بها
Authors: زعين محمد جمال , محمد عبد الباسط جاسم 
Published: April 2021

في عالم يتسارع يوما بعد يوم في إطار العولمة التقنية، بدت هذا السرعة واضحة في قضية تداول العملات الالكترونية والتي ترتبط بالبنوك في أنحاء العالم، ثم ما لبث أن ظهرت عملة ميدانها الوحيد هو شبكة الإنترنيت، معماة عن إطلاع غير المتعاقدين، وغير مرتبطة بمركز أو مصرف، سميت بالعملات الافتراضية (الرقمية)، وأولها وأشهرها عملة (بيتكوين)، التي انتشرت على نطاق واسع، ووصل التعامل بها من قبل كبريات الشركات مستوى الظاهرة، لكنها لم تحظَ بعد -من الجانب التشريعي على الأقل-بما يليق بها من تنظيم، كما أنَّ الفقه القانوني، يتناولها –حين يتناولها بالبحث-على استحياء، إذ لا تزال الدراسات حول هذه العملة، بحاجة إلى مزيد من البحث الدقيق والتقصي الواسع، ويحاول هذا البحث إبراز التحديات التي تواجه هذه العملة الناشئة، بعد بيان مفهومها، فضلاً عن تحديد طبيعتها القانونية، علاوة على مناقشة التصنيف القانوني المحتمل للبيتكوين، والنتائج والآثار القانونية التي يحتمل أنْ تترتب عليه، ونظراً للمميزات الفريدة للبيتكوين، والاعتبارات المتعلقة به، تبدو الحاجة ملحة لوضع قواعد خاصة بحماية مستهلكي التكنولوجيا المعاصرة المتعلقة بمثل هذه العملات، وإضفاء الشرعية عليها.
العوامل المؤثرة في عدول المحكمة العليا الامريكية عن سوابقها الدستورية
Authors: عباس قصي علي , الشويلي حسين جبر حسين 
Published: April 2021

تؤدي المحكمة العليا الامريكية دورا مهما في النظام القانوني الامريكي , وبخاصة مجال تفسير الدستور والرقابة على دستورية القوانين. وتبرز هذه الاهمية من خلال السوابق الدستورية التي تضعها المحكمة والتي تلزم كل سلطات الدولة . غير ان المحكمة العليا يمكنها العدول عن السابقة التي تضعها . وهذا البحث يتناول العوامل المؤثرة في هذا العدول , حيث يثسمها الى عوامل داخلية وعوامل خارجية .
مصدر العوامل الداخلية هو ما تتضمنه تلك السابقة من منطوق وحيثيات واراء . بينما يتجسد مصدر العوامل الخارجية بالظروف المحيطة بالسابقة.
انتهاكات عصابات داعش الارهابية للقانون الدولي الانساني "العراق انموذجا""
Authors: الغراوي فاضل عبد الزهرة 
Published: April 2021

لقد تعرض الشعب العراقي الى اكبر جريمة وحشية بتاريخ الانسانية حين انتهك عصابات داعش الارهابية منظومة الحقوق واستهدفت النساء والاطفال والمدنيين والاقليات والديانة والمعتقد والحق في التعليم وارتكب العديد من جرائم الابادة الجماعية والجرائم ضد الانسانية وهجر ملايين المواطنين وجند الاف الاطفال، التي شكلت انتهاكاً صارخا لحقوق الإنسان والقانون الدولي الإنساني .ويؤكد جسامة الخطر الذي يتعرض له السلام والأمن الدوليين على يد التنظيم ومن يرتبط به من أفراد وجماعات ومؤسسات وكيانات، بما في ذلك المقاتلون الإرهابيون الأجانب.
أن التوصيف القانوني لداعش في سياق القانون الدولي الانساني يؤكد بأنه ليس لها شخصية قانونية كدولة ولم يتم الاعتراف به من الدول ولاتوجد له جغرافيا او شعب محدد حتى يمكن مناقشة كونه دولة تتوفر فيها اركان الدول التي حددها القانون الدولي الانساني من عدمه، وأن مجلس الامن ادان عصابات داعش الارهابية على اعتبار ان ما يفعله يشكل انتهاكا خطيرا لحقوق الانسان وجرائم ابادة جماعية وجرائم ضد الانسانية منتهكاً فيها احكام القانون الدولي الانساني وقانون حقوق الانسان.
PENGARUH INOVASI PRODUK DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRINTER MEREK EPSON PADA TOKO DUNIA KOMPUTER BANDA ACEH
Authors: Gadeng Tarmizi , Tuwisna Tuwisna 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh inovasi produk dan kualitas produk terhadap keputusan pembelian printer merek epson pada toko dunia komputer Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif asosiatif. Rumus regresi yang digunakan adalah rumus regresi analisis linear berganda. Objek penelitian adalah Individu/pembeli pada Toko Dunia Komputer Banda Aceh. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 146 responden. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 59 orang responden dengan menggunakan rumus slovin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan atau secara bersama-sama inovasi produk dan kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Inovasi produk (X1) berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian (Y) dengan nilai thitung (5.237) lebih besar dari ttabel (2.003), maka keputusannya menolak H0 dan menerima Ha dan. Kualitas produk (X2) berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian (Y) dengan nilai thitung (3.236) lebih besar dari ttabel (2.003), maka keputusannya menolak H0 dan menerima Ha. Oleh karena itu, hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kedua variabel bebas mendukung hipotesis.
Rancang Bangun Jemuran Otomatis Menggunakan Mikrokontroller WEMOS
Authors: Makhmud Adetya Windiarto , Praningki Tutus , Indah Ira Luvi 
Published: April 2021

Drying clothes is one of the daily activities of people who use solar energy. With these conditions, people are very dependent on weather conditions that are sometimes erratic. One of the right ways is by utilizing technology, namely using an automatic clothesline using a Wemos D1Mini microcontroller, equipped with an LDR sensor that will read light intensity and the DHT11 sensor will read humidity and temperature around the environment. This tool is also based on the Internet of Things which can be accessed from anywhere as long as it is connected to the internet.

Keyword:	Microcontroller, LDR sensor, DHT11 sensor, Internet of Things.
Polio Vaccination Literacy Among Mothers of Selected Barangay Health Centers in a Component City
Authors: Vinco Kristine Anne C. , Malaga Xerxes G. 
Published: April 2021

Every health worker strikes hard for every child's death, most notably when it is due to a disease that is readily preventable with a safe and effective vaccine. The tragedy is hard to accept when health practitioners see the consequences of children missing out on vaccination first-hand. This research was intended to bridge the literature gap on the knowledge, and the reasons mothers comply with polio vaccination. The study was intended to assess the level of literacy on polio vaccination of mothers in selected barangays in Bago City when they are taken as a whole and grouped according to age, educational attainment, distance to health facility, number of children, family income, and barangay location administered. A descriptive-comparative research design using a very highly reliable and valid researcher made questionnaire was administered to respondents. The level of literacy of mothers on polio vaccination in selected barangays of Bago City when grouped according to age, educational attainment, the distance of health facility, number of children, family income, and barangay location was very high. The major reasons for compliance of mothers with polio vaccination can be attributed to health workers who can give follow up through home visits and any health professional who can give the polio vaccine. Due to reported vaccine scare and the current pandemic the study will benefit rural health administrators, community health nurses, and future researchers. Findings could provide rural health administrators with insights to conduct a re-assessment of the implementation of vaccination programs initiated by the Department of Health
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MURDER PADA SISWA KELAS IX SMP N 7 MATARAM, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Suherni Suherni 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar Bahasa Inggris melalui implementasi model pembelajaran MURDER pada siswa Kelas IX SMP N 7 Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2020 di Kelas IX SMP N 7 Mataram dengan dua siklus Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran MURDER dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Inggris siswa Kelas IX di SMP N 7 Mataram. Saat siklus pertama PTK terdapat sebanyak 80,95% siswa tuntas dan sebanyak 19,05% siswa belum tuntas. Terdapat peningkatan 47,62% siswa yang tuntas pada siklus pertama (dari 33,33% siswa tuntas saat sebelum PTK menjadi 80,95% siswa tuntas pada PTK siklus pertama). Saat siklus kedua PTK terdapat sebanyak 90,48% siswa tuntas dan sebanyak 9,52% siswa belum tuntas. Terdapat peningkatan 9,53% siswa yang tuntas pada siklus kedua (dari 80,95% siswa tuntas pada PTK pertama menjadi 90,48% siswa tuntas pada PTK siklus kedua).
Examining the Key Success Factors for Startups in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Al Sahaf Muneera , Al Tahoo Lamea 
Published: April 2021

With Bahrain Economic Vision 2030, aspiring the shift from an economy that depends on oil wealth to a diversified economy, including startup businesses. A number of startups in Bahrain have been growing at a rapid pace in various industries. This is a result of the excellent ecosystem, and support provided to startups by the government in Bahrain. This study aims to examine the key success factors of startups in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The quantitative method was the adopted approach, whereby data was collected to examine the impact of four selected variables; fund-raising, experience, knowledge, and partnerships on the success of startups in Bahrain. The quantitative findings outlined the importance of several factors that were perceived to have a significant influence on the success of Bahraini Startups, where the majority of respondents agreed/strongly that two of the examined factors are considered critical to succeed in startups in the Kingdom of Bahrain. These factors are experience and knowledge, which proved to have an active role to maintain the success of startups. However, the startups’ founders disagreed on the impact of fund-raising and partnerships which are considered to have no major effect on the success of startups. Recommendations of this research include two segments; for founders is to seek more opportunities to enhance their knowledge and capitalize on their experiences, and for government entities to provide and improve training offerings, and facilitate founders’ communication and assist them in reaching out to the investors and the supporting entities, which will provide ease for new startup entry to the market, and establishment of a clear vision with framework prior to embarking the new venture.
Cancer: A Life Threatening Peril Becoming Lifestyle Disease
Authors: Hayee Sara , Rehman Amna 
Published: April 2021

Caner a dreadful disease is actually one large group of diseases which dates back to times of “Hippocrates”, The Father of Medicine, (460-370BC) who used this name for the first time to talk about non-ulcer and ulcer forming tumors. Theevidence of its presence from the very past history comes from fossilized “Egyptian Mummies” having tumors on bones. Then Galen (130-200 AD) used the term “Oncos” to explain tumors. So it's a disease involving growth of abnormal cells, their proliferation and metastasizing the other tissues and organs. Now we know that biology has a branch namedOncology to deal with the scientific study of cancer and oncogenes. It took centuries to get knowledge and use modern technologies against this malady. Now we know cancer is a group disease which has hundreds of types. 19th Century saw much advancement towards its cure. Along with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the main methods to cure cancer patients. Day by day, scientists are looking for new methods to control and cure of this curse. Hundreds of natural medicinal compounds are being tested to use clinically for its cure in order to replace the radiotherapy andchemotherapy and lower their side effects. But humanity is still fighting against this disease as the numbers of cases throughout the world are increasing day by day. If we look on the reports p r e s e n t e d b y W H O ( W o r l d H e a l t hOrganization), Cancer is the second leading cause of deaths globally which means one person in every six deaths, dies due to cancer. In 2018, the most common types of cancers reported in men were of liver, prostate, stomach, lung andcolorectal. Whereas in females the most common forms were breast, thyroid, cervical and colorectal. Cancer has become a global disasterfamily of the patient. It imparts physical, emotional and financial crisis. Unfortunately, the condition is bitterer in under developing countries. Cancer has become a lifestyle disease these days. We are living in the world withsuperficial comfort but we are breathing with urbanizations, ozone depletion, exposure to microwave and ultraviolet radiations, hazardous chemicals etc. Moreover, It is becoming a lifestyle disease due to lack of exercise, Obesity, consumptions of drugs, tobacco and alcohols. The cases of cancers are reported more in urban areas than in rural areasmore likely due to above mentioned factors. The ratio of cancer patients is expected to raise up-to 27.5 million by 2040 globally. So the battle is never ending, Humans need to figure out the factors and cutting these from their lives in orderto live a healthy life which is a blessing indeed. which is not only crunching the cancer patient but it also has damaging effects on the whole
Prevalence of Thumb Pain Among Physiotherapists Perform Manual Techniques During Clinical Practice
Authors: Kareem Ihsan , Batool Sana , Amjad Fareeha , Arif Samia 
Published: April 2021

Th u m b p a i n a m o n g t h e physiotherapists is common occupational hazards. The physiotherapists working in their fields perform repetitively manual techniques, massage, mobilization and glides etc. This occupation needs tofind out the number of physiotherapists having thumb pain due to manual work they perform during clinicalpractice in different rehabilitation centers. Objective: To determine the frequency of thumb pain among physiotherapists perform manual techniques in clinical practice; a cross sectional study Methodology: A cross-sectional study design with convenient sampling technique was used, with sample size 190 to determine the frequency of thumbpain among physiotherapists in Lahore and data was analyzed by SPSS, mean and standard deviation wascalculated for the quantitative variable while qualitative variable was presented in the form of frequency and percentage.Results: In the present study a self-made questionnaire was distributed among 190 physiotherapists. Among 190 participants 58(30.5%)were male and 132(69.5%) were Females. 40(21.1%) felt pain while performing ischemic pressure release from thumb. 38(20.0%) felt pain while giving massage. 12(6.3%) felt pain while holding an objectbetween thumb and index finger. 2(1.1%) felt pain in circumduction. (5.3%) felt pain while making snuff box. 24(12.6%) felt pain in isometric exercises of thumb. 27(14.2%) felt pain in hyper flexion at DIP. 17(8.9%) felt pain in hyper flexion at PIP. 51(26.8%) rated 3 pain and 15(7.9%) rate 5 pain on VAS. Conclusions: Study concluded that frequency of thumb pain among physiotherapists working in different hospitals of Lahore was found to be 35.26%. This thumb pain was due to their professional techniques including, manual therapy, ischemic pressure release, massage, mobilization, and gliding etc.
Frequency of Work-related Low Back Pain and Disability Among Automobile Mechanics in Lahore
Authors: Liaqat Sameed , Jawad Muhammad , Rauf Wardah , Gilani Mehak Hamna Zahra 
Published: April 2021

Automobile mechanic work is an extensive and physically hard job. Consequently, the automobile workers suffer from ergonomic risk factors including Low Back Pain (LBP) as a major.Objective: To find out the prevalence of Low Back pain (LBP) and disability among automobile mechanics in Lahore.Methodology:The study was cross-sectional and included 180 automechanics of Lahore. Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (OLBPDQ) was used to measure the disability caused by pain. Pain was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data was collected from 180 auto mechanics from auto repair shops of Lahore.Results:Out of 180 individuals, 125 subjects reported LBP with average age of 30±5.3 years. 87 individuals (69.6%) were minimally disabled and 31 individuals (24.8%) experienced moderate disability, whereas only 7 individuals (5.6%) experienced severedisability in activities of daily living (ADLs).Conclusions:LBP is highly frequent among automobile mechanics. Majority of the individuals suffering from LBP had minimal disability. The rate of moderate disability was also noticeable but number of individuals with severe disability was very low. Overall, LBP disturbed the quality of life.