bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universities’ Training Programs Congruence to the Needs of the Regional Labour Market: Sectoral Analysis
Authors: Firsova A. A. , Preobrazhenskiy Yu.  V. 
Published: August 2021

The authors of this article are carrying out the analysis of the students’ training programs congruence to the sectoral structure of employment in 84 Russian regions using the sectoral model concept and the index of structural differences. The paper presents a methodological approach to assessing the congruence of training programs with the needs of the regional labor market in Russia. The level of regional higher education systems differentiation, the sectoral structure of graduates, and the level of their employment in the regional context were determined applying economic and statistical methods. The ratio of the graduates’ supply to their demand analyzed, there is presented a classification of regions according to the levels of this ration, conclusions drawn on the balance of higher education systems in the regions, taking into account the needs for training. A structural and professional disproportion between regional labor markets and regional systems of higher education in most regions of Russia is diagnosed, as well as a number of imbalances concerning specialists’ training in the secondary sector of the economy, which is decisive for the development of high-tech in dustries and provides the need for personnel within the new digital economy. The directions for overcoming dysfunction of the relationship between universities and the labor market are identified. The results of the study make it possible to make decisions on improving the policy of distributing the planned contingent of students by training programs in accordance with the needs of regional economies.
Studying Higher Education Internationalization: New Methods and Approaches
Authors: Xu Hong , Zhang Jiahui 
Published: August 2021

This research paper studies trends and hotspots of management internationalization in the sphere of higher education. The survey is based on CiteSpace visualization technology and on the corpus approach to studying keywords and annotations for 2010–2021 publications in 25 major higher education journals. Keywords analysis by CiteSpace showed that the hotspots of the management internationalization research are focused on postgraduate education management, on the projects «Double First Class University Plan», «Greater Bay Area», «Cooperation in Running Schools», etc. The future possible areas of investigation are the «local internationalization» of university management, the internationa lization of management in terms of international-level specialties and first-class universities’ nationalization, as well as the contradiction of the «spillover effect» between university management and cross-university cooperation. The corpus-based analysis showed that over the past 12 years the studies of internationalization of higher education and its mana gement have been carried out within the large-scale project «One Belt – One Road» and economic globalization. These studies include the modules of universities’ development, university education, academic research, school management strategy, etc. To effectively address the challenges faced by higher education internationalization management, the aut hors propose to take advantage of consistent teaching quality and to leverage regional and local resources, so as to create a multidimensional platform that would interconnect talents and ways to use them. Of no less importance, when summarizing such experience, is it to take into account the historical background, so that this platform, certainly engaging state policy, would allow a reform of higher education globalization for its further development.
Agent-Based Markov Modeling for Improved COVID-19 Mitigation Policies
Authors: Capobianco Roberto , Kompella Varun , Ault James , Sharon Guni , Jong Stacy , Fox Spencer , Meyers Lauren , Wurman Peter R. , Stone Peter 
Published: August 2021

The year 2020 saw the covid-19 virus lead to one of the worst global pandemics in history. As a result, governments around the world have been faced with the challenge of protecting public health while keeping the economy running to the greatest extent possible. Epidemiological models provide insight into the spread of these types of diseases and predict the effects of possible intervention policies. However, to date, even the most data-driven intervention policies rely on heuristics. In this paper, we study how reinforcement learning (RL) and Bayesian inference can be used to optimize mitigation policies that minimize economic impact without overwhelming hospital capacity. Our main contributions are (1) a novel agent-based pandemic simulator which, unlike traditional models, is able to model fine-grained interactions among people at specific locations in a community; (2) an RLbased methodology for optimizing fine-grained mitigation policies within this simulator; and (3) a Hidden Markov Model for predicting infected individuals based on partial observations regarding test results, presence of symptoms, and past physical contacts.
This article is part of the special track on AI and COVID-19.
Variación en la morfología foliar, floral y frutal de Magnolia mexicana (DC.) G. Don (Sección Talauma , Magnoliaceae) en México
Authors: Gutierrez Lozano Marisol , Vázquez-García José Antonio , Reyes Ortiz José Luis , Octavio Aguilar Pablo , Galván Hernández Dulce María , Sánchez-González Arturo 
Published: August 2021

Antecedentes: Con base en caracteres morfológicos de hojas, flores y frutos se han segregado nuevas especies del complejo Magnolia mexicana en México. Por su importancia evolutiva, ecológica y de uso medicinal es relevante analizar la variación morfológica y conocer el estado actual de sus poblaciones en su área de distribución.
Preguntas: ¿Existe diferenciación en la morfología de hojas, flores y frutos en las poblaciones de M . mexicana ? ¿Cuál es el estado actual de las poblaciones de M . mexicana ?
Especie de estudio: Magnolia mexicana (DC.) G. Don (Magnoliaceae).
Sitios y años de estudio: El estudio se realizó en seis poblaciones de M. mexicana en la Sierra Madre Oriental, entre mayo y octubre de 2019 y 2020.
Métodos: Se analizaron 480 hojas, 240 flores y 84 frutos mediante análisis univariados y multivariados.
Resultados: Los primeros componentes principales explicaron 85, 69 y 68 % de la variación foliar, floral y frutal, respectivamente; y las primeras 2 funciones discriminantes 82, 66 y 94 % de dicha variación. Los caracteres morfológicos con mayor variación fueron: diámetro del peciolo y vena media, número de estambres, ancho de carpelos, y largo y ancho de semillas.
Conclusiones: El rango de variación en las características morfológicas de M . mexicana fue más amplio que el documentado en la descripción original de la especie. Las poblaciones están aisladas y presentan baja densidad y alta diferenciación morfológica entre sí, en particular en flores y frutos, por lo que su identidad taxonómica requiere ser corroborada a nivel genético.
Manual therapy and canal enlargement exercises versus conventional physiotherapy in lumbar stenosis – a study protocol
Authors: Gaur Priya , Goyal Manu , Singh Gurjant 
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION: Lumbar Canal Stenosis (LCS) is known as the well-established reason for pain and depleted walking capacity in patients with manifestations of paresthesia and pain in the lower back, gluteal region, posterior thigh, and legs which are termed as ‘Neurogenic Claudication’ (NC). Manual therapy combined with canal enlargement exercises and conventional physiotherapy may be considered in eradicating pain and NC symptoms, hence improving the quality of life. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with LCS with canal diameter 8-12 mm at the level of L4 and below will be recruited for this study. Through the Block randomization method, they will be randomized into two interventional groups: Manual Therapy & Canal Enlargement (MTCE) (n=16) and Conventional Physiotherapy (Cp) (n=16) groups. MTCE group will receive manual therapy and canal enlargement exercises, while the Cp group will receive only conventional physiotherapy. Both interventional groups will receive 3 days of treatment per week for 4 weeks. Modified Oswestry Disability questionnaire (MODI), Antero-Posterior (AP) canal diameter, Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and Claudication Distance (CD) will be used for the evaluation. In addition, modified Oswestry Disability Index, AP canal Diameter, NPRS, Claudication distance, an SLR will be measured at baseline and post-intervention. DISCUSSION: The results of this research will dictate the applicability of manual therapy with an exercise protocol of canal enlargement exercises on pain and functional disability in patients with LCS.
Functional rehabilitation in intensive care units for post craniotomy patients: study protocol
Authors: Srivatava Apoorva , Sharma Nidhi , Srivastav Adarsh Kumar , Gehlot Dr. Ajay 
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION: Craniotomy makes insight and approach towards the brain easier but accompanies ailments. Intensive care units are equipped with trained professional physical therapists working over these deleterious after-effects of this surgical program, but a progressive, defined, and evidence-supported protocol for such patients is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of a Neuro-rehabilitation protocol devised for post-craniotomy patients within their stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to improve their functional outcomes and reduce their length of stay (LOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: It will be a single group pre-test post-test quasi feasibility trial. Fifteen patients undergoing craniotomy will be recruited for the trial and will be rendered with Neuro-rehabilitation protocol for 60 minutes from the first day of surgery up to 15 days of surgery. The primary outcome will be the Early Functional Abilities (EFA) Scale to measure functional outcomes like conscious level, sensorimotor abilities, cognitive-perceptual abilities, and oro-motor abilities of patients, which will be assessed first-day post craniotomy. Secondary outcomes will include Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), Sensory Modality Assessment Rehabilitation Technique (SMART), Modified Ashworth Scale (mMAS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score (MoCA), and Medical Research Council Scale (MRC). Assessments will be taken on the first and fifteenth days post-surgery. PERSPECTIVES: It is expected that this protocol might improve functional outcomes and may reduce the occurrence of comorbidities in patients after Craniotomy in ICUs.
Factores, patrones y tendencias del crecimiento vertical en el área urbana de Medellín
Authors: Vélez Macías Fabio de Jesús 
Published: August 2021

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre las edificaciones mayores de cuatro pisos en la ciudad de Medellín. Se ha caracterizado el fenómeno en forma cuantitativa tomando como unidad espacial al barrio. Con base en información del municipio, se han determinado otras variables que permiten analizar la dinámica del crecimiento en términos temporales y relacionarla con aspectos socio–económicos. Se ha planteado una hipótesis estadística que ha sido probada parcialmente. Los factores tenidos en cuenta han sido el costo del suelo, reglamentación sobre índice de construcción, estrato socio–económico del barrio, el área y uso previo del lote. El patrón se determinó geométricamente y las tendencias se analizaron por barrio.
Enfoque geográfico de los problemas ambientales con énfasis en Colombia: Uso de los SIG en el manejo de ellos
Authors: Buitrago Bermúdez Oscar 
Published: August 2021

Al pensar en cuál debe ser un enfoque geográfico de los problemas ambientales en Colombia y de qué manera el uso de los Sistemas de Información Geográfico (SIG) aporta en el manejo de ellos, lleva a buscar en primer lugar, un marco de conceptos que de una u otra manera permitan perfilar las posibles respuestas a las preguntas mencionadas. Dicho marco, estaría principalmente conformado por tres elementos que a lo largo de este ensayo se pretenden integrar: de un lado,están las tendencias teóricas que maneja la geografía contemporánea a la cual, por ser una ciencia interesada en los fenómenos socioespaciales, se le pueden reclamaraportes al manejo de la cuestión ambiental, de otro, el concepto de problema ambiental en un mundo en plena globalización, con una economía de mercado que lanza ala sociedad al consumo y en donde cualquier fenómeno que ocurra en un lugar del planeta, repercute en lugares tan extremos como nunca antes había ocurrido, y desde luego, es en este punto en el que se hace énfasis en el caso colombiano, y por último,las herramientas con que cuentan las sociedades científicas y las personas encargadasde la gestión, ya sea del ambiente o del territorio, para la generación en tiempo real de modelos más acertados de la realidad, capaces de predecir el comportamiento de fenó-menos naturales y su relación con el subsistema social, y que además, faciliten la interactividad entre los diferentes núcleos académicos y dirigentes. (Aceptado noviembre 2002).
Análisis espacial de la tuberculosis en Popayán
Authors: Montaño Fuentes Marta Elena 
Published: August 2021

El análisis espacial de la tuberculosis en la ciudad de Popayán usó diferentes teorías geográficas, con el objetivo de encontrar relaciones entre los núcleos de enfermos de tuberculosis y las condiciones ambientales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que núcleos de pacientes enfermos de tuberculosis están relacionados con condiciones de contaminación ambiental, acompañadas de situaciones de marginalidad de la población asentada en estos ambientes. Por consiguiente, se planteaque las campañas de control deben ser multisectoriales y desarrolladas de manera multidisciplinaria y transdisciplinaria.
STANDARDIZATION PROBLEMS OF MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS FROM RHODIOLA ROSEA L.
Authors: Kurkin V. A. , Ryazanova T. K. 
Published: August 2021

Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots are pharmacopoeial raw materials, which are used in official medicine for obtaining medicines with adaptogenic activity. One of the most common problems in the production of medicines from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots is the use of poor quality medicinal plant materials, which leads to the absence of biologically significant compounds in the preparations. One of the possible reasons is the shortcomings in the existing approaches to the standardization of Rhodiola rosea L. raw materials and preparations.The aim of the study is the improvement of approaches to the standardization of medicinal preparations from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots.Materials and methods. Experimental and industrial samples of liquid extract from Rhodiola rosea L. roots, as well as reference samples of rosavin and salidroside, were used as materials of the research. The HPLC analysis was carried out using a Milichrom-6 chromatograph (NPAO Nauchpribor) under the following conditions of reversed-phase chromatography in an isocratic mode: a steel column KAKH-6-80-4 (2 mm x 80 mm; Separon-C18 7 μm), a mobile phase – acetonitrile: 1% solution of acetic acid in water in the ratio of 14:86, the elution rate was 100 μL/min, the eluent volume was 2000 μL. The constituents were detected at the wavelength of 252 nm (rosavin) and 278 nm (salidroside).Results. An assay of rosavin and salidroside in the liquid extract of Rhodiola rosea L. was developed using the HPLC method. It was determined that the content of rosavin in the samples of the liquid extracts obtained from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots of the pharmacopoeial quality, varied from 0.21%±0.03% to 0.32%±0.04%, salidroside – from 1.13% ±0.05% to 2.71%±0.12%, respectively. The results of statistical processing indicate that the relative error of the average result for the determination of rosavin and salidroside in the preparations of Rhodiola rosea L. with a confidence level of 95% does not exceed ±6.0%.Conclusion. Thus, methodological approaches to the analysis of medicinal preparations from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots have been substantiated. These methodological approaches consist of the quantitative determination of the dominant and diagnostically significant biologically active compounds – rosavin and salidroside.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TOXIC PROPERTIES OF VMU-2012-05 DRUG – ORIGINAL NON-NUCLEESIDE INHIBITOR OF HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
Authors: Vavilova V. A. , Shekunova E. V. , Jain (Korsakova) E. A. , Balabanyan V. Yu. , Ozerov A. A. , Makarova M. N. , Makarov V. G. 
Published: August 2021

Antiretroviral therapy is currently the main component of treatment for HIV patients. The development of new, more effective and safer drugs is an urgent task.The aim of the research is to study the toxic properties of the finished dosage form (FDF) VMU-2012-05, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil) for the HIV-1 infection treatment in single and repeated enteral administrations.Materials and methods. The study of toxic properties in single administrations was carried out on outbred mice; the drug was administered at the limiting dose of 2000 mg/kg (by reference to the active substance). For 90 days, in repeated daily administrations, the toxic properties were studied in rats of both sexes at the doses of 0 mg/kg (placebo), 9 mg/kg (1 HTD), 45 mg/kg (5 HTD), 90 mg/kg (10 HTD). The toxic properties were also studied in rabbits of both sexes within a 28-day administration at the doses of 0 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg (1 HTD), 20 mg/kg (5 HTD), 40 mg/kg (10 HTD); the recovery period 30 days. Clinical observations and examinations, body weight registrations, physiological and clinical laboratory studies were carried out during the experiment. At the end of the administration period (50% of animals) and at the end of the recovery period, a pathological examination was performed.Results. The LD50 of the drug is more than 2000 mg/kg. In the repeated administrations, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) has been established. For rats, it is 9 mg/kg (1 HTD), for rabbits – 4 mg/kg (1 HTD). According to the results of the experiments carried out on rabbits and rats, the main target organ of the drug toxic effect is the liver. According to the data obtained in the study on rats, a toxic effect on the organs of the male reproductive system has been manifested (hypoplasia of the spermatogenic epithelium). Under the conditions of the experiment, the test drug had no effect on the gastrointestinal tract.Conclusion. The results have manifested a favorable safety profile of the drug, not inferior to the ones of a similar pharmacological group used in clinical practice; it can be considered a promising drug candidate for the HIV-1 infection treatment.
Treatment of Radiation-Associated Fractures
Authors: Sabharwal Samir , Alcorn Sara R. , Morris Carol D. 
Published: August 2021

» Fractures that result from radiation-induced bone damage are a recognized adverse effect of radiation therapy (RT).» The mechanisms of damage from RT are thought to be related to impaired vascularity, aberrations in osteoclast and osteoblast-mediated bone turnover, and compromise of cortical and trabecular microarchitecture.» Treatment of radiation-associated fractures is challenging, with rates of delayed union and nonunion of >50%.» Fracture management strategies, each with its own profile of risks and benefits, include prophylactic intramedullary nailing of long bones, open reduction and internal fixation with adjunctive iliac crest or vascularized fibular grafting, and endoprosthetic reconstruction.
Revision Arthroplasty Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Vancouver Type-B2 and B3 Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures
Authors: Haider Thomas , Hanna Philip , Mohamadi Amin , Merchan Nelson , McNichol Megan , Wixted John J. , Appleton Paul T. , Nazarian Ara , von Keudell Arvind G. , Rodriguez Edward K. 
Published: August 2021

» Revision arthroplasty (RA) continues to be considered the gold standard in the surgical treatment of Vancouver type-B2 and B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures. However, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) has been associated with satisfactory outcomes. Thus, there is an ongoing discussion regarding the optimal surgical strategy for the treatment of these fractures.» In this systematic review and meta-analysis, no significant differences in clinical and radiographic outcome were observed between ORIF and RA in the treatment of Vancouver type-B2 periprosthetic femoral fractures.» ORIF of Vancouver type-B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures was associated with higher revision and reoperation rates than those after RA.» Compared with RA, a significantly higher rate of subsidence was found in the ORIF group in Vancouver type-B2 periprosthetic femoral fractures whereas no significant difference in terms of loosening was observed.» In the comparison of RA and ORIF for the treatment of Vancouver type-B2 and B3 fractures, the percentage of patients achieving full weight-bearing did not differ significantly.» Mortality rates did not differ between RA and ORIF in the treatment of Vancouver type-B2 and B3 fractures.» Overall complication rates did not differ between RA and ORIF in the treatment of Vancouver type-B2 and B3 fractures.» We found a high heterogeneity in applied surgical and fixation techniques in the ORIF group.
Economic Effectiveness of Tokens in Improving Eating Patterns in Mental Retardation Children
Authors: Aswina Mayang Safitri , Herlan Pratikto 
Published: August 2021

Mental retardation is one factor that affects the lack of cognitive abilities of individuals in learning and understanding learning or understanding commands given. People with mental retadation needs more help in learning, repetition, and double attention than childs at their age. This research method was qualitative, the type was single-subject experiment, and the client was a 9.3-year-old girl with an IQ of 64. The data collection used by researchers in this study was the interview method (autoanamnesa and alloanamnesa), observing the subject's behavior at home, when she was playing and learning. The psychological tests given are CPM, Bender Gestalt, and Graphics (BAUM, DAP, HTP). An economic token as the type of intervention used, tried to help improve the eating patterns of subjects who were previously less organized. The token used in the form of color paper was affixed to the subject's daily journal if it has performed the assigned task. The intervention was carried out within 14 (fourteen) days, divided into two sessions. Calculation of total tokens to got the reward in a week, and the minimum value is eighteen tokens, and prizes agreed upon in the form of a large picture book. The results showed a change in client behavior from before and after the intervention given.
Student Learning Achievement through the Development of Flipbook-Based Electronic Textbooks
Authors: Ratnasari Dwi , Nur Hasanah Fitria 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar melalui penggunaan buku ajar elektronik berbasis flipbook. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian R & D dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang meliputi: define, design, develop, dan desiminate. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Antartika 1 Sidoarjo dengan subjek penelitian adalah kelas X RPL. Buku ajar elektronik berbasis flipbook yang dikembangkan dinyatakan layak 87.4% dengan kriteria sanga baik sehingga dapat digunakan untuk penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa dengan penggunaan buku ajar elektronik berbasis flipbook sebesar 66,7%.