bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between coronary heart disease and risk of cognitive impairment: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liang Xuan , Huang Yilin , Han Xu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have demonstrated that coronary heart disease (CHD) is a high risk factor for cognitive impairment, whereas other studies showed that there was no association between cognitive impairment and CHD. The relationship between CHD and cognitive impairment is still unclear based on these conflicting results. Thus, it is of importance to evaluate the association between CHD and cognitive impairment. The present study made a meta‐analysis to explore the association between CHD and risk of cognitive impairment.MethodsArticles exploring the association between CHD and cognitive impairment and published before November 2020 were searched in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. We used STATA 12.0 software to compute the relative risks (RRs), odds ratios (ORs), or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe meta‐analysis showed a positive association between CHD and risk of all‐cause cognitive impairment with a random effects model (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.36, I2 = 82.8%, p < .001). Additionally, the study showed a positive association between myocardial infraction (MI) and risk of all‐cause cognitive impairment with a random effects model (RR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.84, I2 = 76.0%, p < .001). However, no significant association was detected between angina pectoris (AP) and risk of all‐cause cognitive impairment with a random effects model (RR = 1.23, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.58, I2 = 79.1%, p < .001). Subgroup studies also showed that CHD patients are at higher risk for vascular dementia (VD), but not Alzheimer's disease (AD) (VD: RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.28–1.39; AD: RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.92–1.07).ConclusionIn a word, CHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment.
Prognostic value of quantitative flow ratio measured immediately after drug‐coated balloon angioplasty for in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Cai Xiaoqing , Tian Feng , Jing Jing , Jin Qinhua , Zhou Shanshan , Yin Weijun , Chen Yufang , Wu Qiang , Fu Zhenhong , Chen Yundai 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate prognostic value of quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in drug‐coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty for in‐stent restenosis (ISR).BackgroundThere is a high incidence of recurrent ISR after DCB angioplasty. QFR is a novel method for fast computation of fractional flow reserve for the target vessel based on quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and fluid dynamics algorithms.MethodsPatients participating in the RESTORE ISR China randomized trial were enrolled and classified into the recurrent restenosis group and the non‐recurrent restenosis group. The binary classifications followed the QCA standards of ISR. Clinical and angiographic characteristics of the groups were analyzed, and the QFRs before and after lesion preparation and after final DCB angioplasty were measured and compared.ResultsA total of 208 patients who underwent follow‐up angiography were enrolled in the study, with 226 lesions measured in total. QFR value after DCB angioplasty (odds ratio [OR] 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.93; p < .0001 for 1 mm increase), lesion length (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01–1.15; p = .017), and vessel caliber lumen diameter (OR: 0.35; 95% CI 0.13–0.89; p = .027) were independently associated with recurrent restenosis after DCB angioplasty. The optimal QFR cut‐off value was determined to be 0.90 with a sensitivity of 0.94, specificity of 0.56, and accuracy of 0.79 in predicting recurrent restenosis.ConclusionsThe QFR value after DCB angioplasty is a promising predictor of DES ISR.
Generalized annular pustular psoriasis (Milian‐Katchoura type) induced by systemic steroids
Authors: El Jazouly Madiha , Alj Maha , Chahboun Fatimzahra , Al Bouzidi Abderrahman , Chiheb Soumiya 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of my clinical image is to recall this rare and benign form of pustular psoriasis and to insist on the role of the triggers of pustular psoriasis, mainly the drugs.
Invasive therapy versus conservative therapy for patients with stable coronary artery disease: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Vij Aviral , Kassab Kameel , Chawla Hitesh , Kaur Amandeep , Kodumuri Vamsi , Jolly Neeraj , Doukky Rami 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeart disease remains the leading cause of death in the United States. Although there are clear indications for revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndromes, there is debate regarding the benefits of revascularization in stable ischemic heart disease. We sought to perform a comprehensive meta‐analysis to assess the role of revascularization compared to conservative medical therapy alone in patients with stable ischemic heart disease.HypothesisThere is no significant difference in all‐cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality between invasive and medical arms.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search from January 2000 to June 2020. Our literature search yielded seven randomized controlled trials. We analyzed a total of 12 013 patients (6109 in revascularization arm and 5904 in conservative medical therapy arm). Primary outcome was all‐cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (death, myocardial infarction [MI], or stroke), cardiovascular mortality, MI, and stroke. Additional subgroup analysis for all‐cause mortality was performed comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with bare metal stent versus conservative therapy; and PCI with drug eluting stent versus conservative therapy.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in primary outcome of all‐cause mortality between either arm (odds ratio [OR] = 0.95; 95% CI [confidence interval], 0.83 to 1.08; p = .84). There were statistically significant lower rates of MACE (death, MI or stroke) in the revascularization arm when compared to conservative arm.ConclusionsOur analysis did not show any survival advantage of an initial invasive strategy over conservative medical therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
Projections from the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus to the cochlea in the mouse
Authors: Suthakar Kirupa , Ryugo David K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAuditory efferents originate in the central auditory system and project to the cochlea. Although the specific anatomy of the olivocochlear (OC) efferents can vary between species, two types of auditory efferents have been identified based upon the general location of their cell bodies and their distinctly different axon terminations in the organ of Corti. In the mouse, the relatively small somata of the lateral (LOC) efferents reside in the lateral superior olive (LSO), have unmyelinated axons, and terminate around ipsilateral inner hair cells (IHCs), primarily against the afferent processes of type I auditory nerve fibers. In contrast, the larger somata of the medial (MOC) efferents are distributed in the ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body (VNTB), have myelinated axons, and terminate bilaterally against the base of multiple outer hair cells (OHCs). Using in vivo retrograde cell body marking, anterograde axon tracing, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy, we have identified a group of efferent neurons in mouse, whose cell bodies reside in the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLL). By virtue of their location, we call them dorsal efferent (DE) neurons. Labeled DE cells were immuno‐negative for tyrosine hydroxylase, glycine, and GABA, but immuno‐positive for choline acetyltransferase. Morphologically, DEs resembled LOC efferents by their small somata, unmyelinated axons, and ipsilateral projection to IHCs. These three classes of efferent neurons all project axons directly to the cochlea and exhibit cholinergic staining characteristics. The challenge is to discover the contributions of this new population of neurons to auditory efferent function.
Novel action thresholds of a logistic regression model to forecast dollar spot on bentgrasses
Authors: Hempfling James W. , Ward Daniel L. , Lalancette Norman , Clarke Bruce B. , Murphy James A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDollar spot (Clarireedia jacksonii) susceptibility varies among bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.). This trial assessed the ability of five action thresholds of the risk index (RI) of a logistic regression model to forecast dollar spot incidence on bentgrass fairway turf grown on a sandy loam in North Brunswick, NJ. Dollar spot incidence was assessed over 128 observation periods (May to Nov. annually) over 3 yr and related to five action thresholds for prediction accuracy. Action thresholds included a RI threshold of 20% (RI 20%), interpreting the change in the RI over time (RI slope), adjusting the RI upwards to maximize accuracy (RImax), combining RI 20% with RI slope, and combining RImax with RI slope. The RI 20% accurately predicted disease on 63 to 66% of observation periods for highly susceptible creeping bentgrass (A. stolonifera L.) cultivars Shark, Penncross, and Independence; other action thresholds improved accuracy by only 10% or less for these cultivars. Prediction accuracy on lower susceptibility cultivars (007, Declaration, and colonial bentgrass Capri; A. capillaris L.) was substantially improved with four novel action thresholds by reducing over‐predictions compared to RI 20%. Accuracy was improved by as much as 32% when the RImax and RI slope were combined for Declaration compared to RI 20%. On low susceptibility cultivars, turf managers may be able to use action thresholds that incorporate a RI greater than 20% and/or RI slope to reduce fungicide inputs and maintain acceptable dollar spot control compared to RI 20%.
Corporate social responsibility decisions in apparel supply chains: The role of negative emotions in Bangladesh and Pakistan
Authors: Fontana Enrico , Atif Muhammad , Gull Ammar Ali 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article integrates the global value chain literature with the micro organization literature on negative emotions to explore the drivers of fear and anger among supplier factory senior managers in apparel supply chains after Rana Plaza—a major industrial disaster—and their influence on decisions on CSR practices. Based on a comparative study around Dhaka and Lahore—two key apparel manufacturing hubs—this study elucidates that supplier factory senior managers experienced similar market tensions but different social tensions after the Rana Plaza incident. Crucially, similar market tensions helped create market fear and anger, but different social tensions led to social fear and anger in Bangladesh but not in Pakistan, therefore influencing the way supplier factory senior managers take decisions regarding CSR practices. By conceptualizing communal alignment and competitive CSR, this research finally advances the global value chain literature and contributes to the current conversations on negative emotions in organizations.
Aspiration fluid cytology during single operator cholangioscopy with targeted biopsy to improves the diagnostic yield in indeterminate biliary strictures
Authors: Munot Khushboo , Raijman Isaac , Khan Vinshi , Gandle Cassandra , Shahid Marwah , Liu Yan , Patel Kalpesh , Wheeler Thomas M , Othman Mohamed O 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionSensitivities of various sampling methods to detect malignant biliary strictures remain suboptimal. Irrigation during digital single operator cholangioscopy (dSOC) is done routinely for visualization of the duct. The aim of this study was to evaluate improvement of the sensitivity for detecting malignant biliary strictures when adding aspiration fluid cytology (AFC) from the irrigated fluid during cholangioscopy to cholangioscopic biopsy (CBx).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients at a tertiary medical center who underwent CBx for evaluation of their biliary strictures. We included patients who had aspiration of fluid from the bile duct after CBx and were sent for cytology from January 2017 to October 2017. Diagnosis was made on the basis of final pathology or follow‐up over 9 months.ResultsFifty‐six patients had CBx obtained, out of which 35 patients had AFC in conjunction. Twenty‐two (62%) patients were male and the average age was 65 years. Considering atypical cells as benign, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) for CBx were 62.5%, 100%, 100%, and 76% respectively. When CBx combined with AFC, the above statistics went up to 81.25%, 100%, 100%, and 86.36% respectively. When atypical cells were considered malignant, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for CBx were 81.25%, 84.21%, 81.25%, 84.21% and increased to 93.75%, 78.94%, 78.94%, and 93.75% respectively after adding AFC results.ConclusionFor patients with biliary stricture, addition of AFC dSOC guided biopsies, significantly improves the sensitivity for detecting malignancy.
RERE deficiency causes retinal and optic nerve atrophy through degeneration of retinal cells
Authors: Kim Bum Jun , Scott Daryl A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe arginine‐glutamic acid dipeptide repeats gene (RERE) encodes a nuclear receptor coregulator that modulates gene expression through its interaction with transcriptional machinery. In humans, RERE deficiency causes neurodevelopmental disorder with or without structural defects of the brain, eye, heart, and kidney (NEDBEH). Ophthalmological defects are seen in approximately one third of individuals with NEDBEH and in RERE‐deficient mice which can serve as a useful animal model.ResultsIn mice, RERE is expressed in a subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGC), the lens epithelium, and the ciliary body during the embryonic period. RERE expression expands into the outer nuclear layer and the inner nuclear layer during the postnatal period. RERE‐deficient mice have retinal and optic nerve atrophy. We show that RERE deficiency causes progressive loss of retinal cells and apoptosis of retinal cells in the ganglion cell layer as early as E17.5. The number of RGCs is also reduced in RERE‐deficient embryos and mice.ConclusionsWe conclude that RERE is required to control the apoptosis of retinal cells in the developing retina, and that RERE deficiency results in the retina atrophy through degeneration of the retinal cells and optic nerve atrophy through the loss of RGCs.
Genetically diverse populations spread faster in benign but not in challenging environments
Authors: Mortier Frederik , Masier Stefano , Bonte Dries 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPopulation spread from a limited pool of founding propagules is at the basis of biological invasions. The size and genetic variation of these propagules eventually affect whether the invasion is successful or not. The inevitable bottleneck at introduction decreases genetic diversity, and therefore should affect population growth and spread. However, many heavily bottlenecked invasive populations have been successful in nature. Negative effects of a genetic bottleneck are typically considered to be relaxed in benign environments because of a release from stress. Despite its relevance to understand and predict invasions, empirical evidence on the role of genetic diversity in relation to habitat quality is largely lacking. We use the mite Tetranychus urticae Koch as a model to experimentally assess spread rate and size of genetically depleted inbred populations vs. enriched mixed populations. This was assessed in replicated linear patch systems consisting of benign (bean), challenging (tomato), or a gradient (bean to tomato) habitat. As expected, we found no effect of genetic diversity on population size in benign habitat but found that it increased population size in challenging habitat. However, we found that population spread rates were increased due to genetic diversity in the benign but not in the challenging habitat. Additionally, variance in spread was consistently higher in genetically poor populations and highest in the challenging habitat. Our experiment challenges the general view that a bottleneck in genetic variation decreases invasion success in challenging but not benign environments.
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade with finerenone improves heart function and exercise capacity in ovariectomized mice
Authors: Pieronne‐Deperrois Marie , Guéret Alexandre , Djerada Zoubir , Crochemore Clément , Harouki Najah , Henry Jean‐Paul , Dumesnil Anaïs , Larchevêque Marine , do Rego Jean‐Claude , do Rego Jean‐Luc , Nicol Lionel , Richard Vincent , Jaisser Frédéric , Kolkhof Peter , Mulder Paul , Monteil Christelle , Ouvrard‐Pascaud Antoine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsIn post‐menopausal women, incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is higher than in men. Hormonal replacement therapies did not demonstrate benefits. We tested whether the non‐steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone limits the progression of heart failure in ovariectomized (OVX) mice with metabolic disorders.Methods and resultsOvariectomy was performed in 4‐month‐old mice, treated or not at 7 months old for 1 month with finerenone (Fine) 1 mg/kg/day. Left ventricular (LV) cardiac and coronary endothelial functions were assessed by echocardiography, catheterization, and myography. Blood pressure was measured by plethysmography. Insulin and glucose tolerance tests were performed. Exercise capacity and spontaneous activity were measured on treadmill and in combined indirect calorimetric cages equipped with voluntary running wheel. OVX mice presented LV diastolic dysfunction without modification of ejection fraction compared with controls (CTL), whereas finerenone improved LV filling pressure (LV end‐diastolic pressure, mmHg: CTL 3.48 ± 0.41, OVX 6.17 ± 0.30**, OVX + Fine 3.65 ± 0.55†, **P < 0.01 vs. CTL, †P < 0.05 vs. OVX) and compliance (LV end‐diastolic pressure–volume relation, mmHg/RVU: CTL 1.65 ± 0.42, OVX 4.77 ± 0.37***, OVX + Fine 2.87 ± 0.26††, ***P < 0.001 vs. CTL, ††P < 0.01 vs. OVX). Acetylcholine‐induced endothelial‐dependent relaxation of coronary arteries was impaired in ovariectomized mice and improved by finerenone (relaxation, %: CTL 86 ± 8, OVX 38 ± 3**, OVX + Fine 83 ± 7††, **P < 0.01 vs. CTL, ††P < 0.01 vs. OVX). Finerenone improved decreased ATP production by subsarcolemmal mitochondria after ovariectomy. Weight gain, increased blood pressure, and decreased insulin and glucose tolerance in OVX mice were improved by finerenone. The exercise capacity at race was diminished in untreated OVX mice only. Spontaneous activity measurements in ovariectomized mice showed decreased horizontal movements, reduced time spent in a running wheel, and reduced VO2 and VCO2, all parameters improved by finerenone.ConclusionsFinerenone improved cardiovascular dysfunction and exercise capacity after ovariectomy‐induced LV diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction.
Neprilysin inhibition does not alter dynamic of proenkephalin‐A 119‐159 and pro‐substance P in heart failure
Authors: Arfsten Henrike , Goliasch Georg , Bartko Philipp E. , Prausmüller Suriya , Spinka Georg , Cho Anna , Novak Johannes , Mascherbauer Julia , Haslacher Helmuth , Strunk Guido , Hülsmann Martin , Pavo Noemi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsAs NEP degrades many substrates, the specific therapeutic mechanism of NEP inhibition with angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is not entirely evident. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of two substrates of NEP—the tachykinin and enkephalin systems—to the initiation of ARNi therapy in HFrEF.Methods and resultsBetween 2016 and 2018, 141 consecutive patients with stable HFrEF [74 with initiation of ARNi and 67 controls on continuous angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy] were prospectively enrolled. Plasma proenkephalin‐A 119‐159 (PENK) and pro‐substance P (pro‐SP) were serially determined. Proenkephalin‐A 119‐159 and pro‐SP correlated strongly with each other (rs = 0.67, P < 0.001) and kidney function (rs = −0.66, P < 0.001 and rs = −0.54, P < 0.001) and modestly with NT‐proBNP (rs = 0.32, P < 0.001 and rs = 0.24, P = 0.006, respectively). Concentrations of circulating PENK were slightly elevated after 1 and 2 year follow‐up compared with baseline (BL) [BL median: 67.4 pmol/L (IQR: 57.3–89.8), 1 year: 83.5 pmol/L (IQR: 62.4–111.6), 2 years: 92.3 pmol/L (IQR: 63.1–101.9); BL vs. 1 year: P = 0.017 and BL vs. 2 years: P = 0.019] in the overall analysis, but lost significance at 2 year follow‐up when assessed in paired subanalysis (P = 0.116). Plasma pro‐SP levels remained comparable during the entire follow‐up [BL median: 78.3 pmol/L (IQR: 67.9–90.6), 1 year: 75.9 pmol/L (IQR: 58.6–96.3), 2 years: 79.7 pmol/L (IQR: 59.9–105.3); P = ns for both timepoints]. Biomarker patterns of ARNi patients were independent from baseline therapy, that is, ACEi or ARB (P > 0.05 between groups).ConclusionsAlthough enkephalins and SP are known substrates of NEP, NEP inhibition by ARNi does not clearly affect the circulating precursors PENK and pro‐SP in HFrEF.
A Novel Sensitive and Selective Amperometric Detection Platform for the Vanillin Content in Real Samples
Authors: Karakaya Serkan , Kaya İsmet 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAccurate and sensitive determination of vanillin in commercial samples is significant for food safety & quality. In the proposed study, copper particles were coated on an indium tin oxide electrode (ITO) by cyclic voltammetry (CV) for the determination of vanillin in food samples. CV studies indicated that the electrodeposition of Cu particles provides a good electrocatalytic effect towards the oxidation of vanillin. The fabricated sensor determines vanillin linearly between 0.50 μM–2.0 mM (Limit of detection: 0.15 μM). The Cu/ITO was successfully tested on vanillin samples and the recommended method provides accurate and selective determination of vanillin in daily samples.
Promotion effect of metal phosphides towards electrocatalytic and photocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Han Yanling , Chen Yong , Fan Rongli , Li Zhaosheng , Zou Zhigang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHydrogen evolution from water splitting over semiconductors has been considered one of the most promising ways to address energy shortages and environmental pollution. Searching for low‐cost, highly efficient, and durable catalysts is the key to improve the hydrogen production rate. Expensive noble metals, such as Pt and Au, are generally loaded onto semiconductors to promote photocatalytic activity. Metal phosphides are promising candidates to replace noble metals in hydrogen generation via electrocatalytic or photocatalytic water splitting due to their low hydrogen‐producing overpotential, tunable electronic structure, high electrical conductivity, and low price. In this review article, the characteristics and synthetic methods of metal phosphides are briefly introduced, and the development of metal phosphides for electrocatalytic or photocatalytic water splitting is presented. Finally, the challenges and future directions of metal phosphides are discussed.image
Generalization of the Neville–Aitken interpolation algorithm on Grassmann manifolds: Applications to reduced order model
Authors: Mosquera Rolando , El Hamidi Abdallah , Hamdouni Aziz , Falaize Antoine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn extension of the well‐known Neville–Aitken's algorithm for interpolation on the Grassmann manifold in the framework of parametric model order reduction is presented. Interpolation points on are the subspaces spanned by bases obtained by Proper Orthogonal Decomposition of available solutions associated with the chosen parameter sampling. The Neville–Aitken's algorithm is performed recursively via the geodesic barycenter of two points. Three CFD applications are presented: (i) the Von Karman vortex shedding street, (ii) the lid‐driven cavity with inflow and (iii) the flow induced by a rotating solid. Numerical results are relevant with respect to accuracy while the asymptotic complexity is comparable to the state of the art.