bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of self-acupressure on middle ear barotrauma associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Authors: Chen Jen-Ming , Lu Zheng-Nan , Wu Re-Wen , Bi Kuo-Wei , Liu Chun-Ting 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
In hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), a patient is exposed to pure oxygen in a chamber. While HBOT is a long-standing and well-established treatment for a wide variety of medical conditions, one of the main complications is middle ear barotrauma (MEB), which can lead to complaints of ear discomfort, stuffiness or fullness in the ear, and difficulties in equalizing ear pressure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of self-acupressure in preventing and reducing the degree of MEB associated with HBOT.

Methods:
This is a prospective nonrandomized controlled study. A sample of 152 participants will be assigned to 2 groups in a 1:1 ratio. The participants in the control group will receive conventional Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers, while those in the experimental group will be given additional self-acupressure therapy. The acupoints used will be TE17 (Yifeng), TE21 (Ermen), SI19 (Tinggong), and GB2 (Tinghui). The Modified Teed Classification, symptoms of MEB, and overall ear discomfort levels will be assessed. Data will be analyzed using the Chi-Squared test or t test.

Objectives:
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of self-acupressure for preventing and reducing the degree of MEB associated with HBOT.

Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04311437. Registered on 17 March, 2020.
Moxibustion therapy for treating patients with postpartum urinary retention
Authors: Li Tianjiao , Hui Xin , Wang Hao , Lin Yao , Zhao Baixiao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) is one of the most common complications after parturition which affect women's recovery after childbirth. Many clinical trials have shown that moxibustion, a traditional Chinese medicine therapy, is effective in treating PUR. But its effectiveness has not been evaluated scientifically and systematically. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of moxibustion therapy in treating patients with PUR.

Methods:
We will search the following electronic databases, regardless of publication status and languages, from their respective inception dates to February 2021: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails, Pubmed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan-Fang Database. Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to moxibustion therapy for treating PUR will be included. Study selection, data collection, and quality assessment will be independently conducted by 2 researchers. For data synthesis, we will select either the fixed-effects or random-effects model according to heterogeneity assessment. Cure rates and postvoid residual volume (PVRV) will be the primary outcomes. The total effective rate and first urination time will be the second outcomes. Review Manager Software (RevMan) V.5.3 will be used if it is appropriate for meta-analysis. Otherwise, a systematic narrative synthesis will be conducted. The results will be presented as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for dichotomous data and weight mean difference (WMD) or standard mean difference (SMD) 95% CI for continuous data.

Trial registration number:
INPLASY 202140037.
Neonatal consequences of maternal exposure to the chikungunya virus
Authors: Fajardo Thamirys Cosmo Grillo , Gazeta Rosa Estela , Catalan Daniel Thome , Mello Alexandra Siqueira , Silva Andrea Cristina Botelho da , Bertozzi Ana Paula Antunes Pascalicchio , Santos Geovane Ribeiro Dos , Pinto Clóvis Antonio Lopes , Monteiro Cairo Oliveira , Machado Rafael Rahal Guaragna , Oliveira Danielle Bruna Leal , Durigon Edison Luiz , Passos Saulo Duarte 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was first isolated in a Tanzanian epidemic area between 1952 and 1953. The best description of the CHIKV transmission during pregnancy can be found in a well-documented epidemic in 2005, in the “La Reunion” island, a French territory located in the Indian Ocean, in which about one-third of the population was infected. Reports of arbovirus infections in pregnancy are increasing over time, but the spectrum of clinical findings remains an incognita among researchers, including CHIKV.

Patient concerns:
In this report, it was possible to verify 2 cases exposed to CHIKV during foetal period and the possible implications of the infection on gestational structures and exposed children after the birth.

Diagnosis:
In both cases, the mothers were positive by laboratory tests in serologic analysis for CHIKV, as ezyme-linked immunossorbent assay (ELISA), plaque reduction neutralisation testing (PRNT) and immunofluorescence (IF); but there were no positive tests in quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for mothers or children.

Interventions:
The exposed children were followed up in a paediatrics clinic in order not only to provide the medical assistance, but also to verify child development and the possible implications and neurocognitive changes caused by gestational infection.

Outcomes:
There were neurological and developmental changes in one of the children followed up on an outpatient basis. There was an improvement in the neurological situation and symptoms only 3 years and 1 month after birth.

Lessons:
Based on the cases presented, we can conclude that clinical symptoms of CHIKV maternal infection may occur late in new-borns and can affect their development.
Moxibustion for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Yanping , Huang Mingru , Tang Liping , Xu Lingxia , Wu Jiangfeng , Wang Fei , Zhang Ying 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
There is no optimal treatment to alleviate the decline of lung function in the stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effectiveness of moxibustion as an adjunctive treatment for COPD in the stable phase has been reported clinically, but the conclusions on efficacy and safety have not been unified. This study will systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion on the treatment of COPD in the stable phase, providing clinical-based evidence

Methods:
We will systematically search 7 literature databases and 2 clinical trial registration platforms. The searching time will be conducted from the establishment of databases to March 31, 2021, regardless of language. We will include the randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluation of moxibustion combined with basic therapy vs basic therapy alone for the treatment of stable COPD. We will assess the risk of bias for individual RCTs using the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 evaluation tool. The primary outcome is forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity. The secondary outcomes include forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, six-minute walking distance, COPD assessment test score, maximum ventilation, response to treatment, and incidence of adverse events. We will collect the effective data of individual RCT through systematic analysis of the random effect model. Heterogeneity will be tested by Cochran Q test and I-squared statistics. Two subgroup analyses will be performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity based on clinical experience. Excluding RCTs with a high risk of bias, fixed-effect model will be used for sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of the meta-analysis results. The publication bias will be assessed by funnel plot and Egger test.

Results:
This study will provide systematic evidence on the efficacy and safety of moxibustion on the treatment of patients with stable COPD through strict quality assessment and reasonable data synthesis. We hope that the results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide the best current evidence for the adjuvant treatment of stable COPD with moxibustion.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202140047.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and risk of lung cancer
Authors: Batais Mohammed , Almigbal Turky , Alotaibi Khalid , Alodhayani Abdulaziz , Alkhushail Abdullah , Altheaby Abdulrahman , Alhantoushi Mashhor , Alsaad Saad , Dalbhi Sultan Al , Alghamdi Yasser 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether a consistent relationship exists between the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and the risk of lung cancer. Accordingly, we summarized and reviewed previously published quantitative studies.

Methods:
Eligible studies with reference lists published before June 1st, 2019 were obtained from searching several databases. Random effects’ models were used to summarize the overall estimate of the multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)

Results:
Thirteen observational studies involving 458,686 ACEI users were included in the analysis, Overall, pooled risk ratios indicate that ACEIs use was not a risk factor for lung cancer (RR 0.982, 95% C.I. 0.873 – 1.104; P = .76). There was significant heterogeneity between the studies (Q = 52.54; P < .001; I2 = 86.07). There was no significant association between ACEIs use and lung cancer in studies with over five years of ACEIs exposure (RR 0.95, 95% C.I. 0.75 – 1.20; P = .70); and ≤ 5years of exposure to ACEIs (RR 0.98, 95% C.I. 0.83 – 1.15; P = .77). There were no statistically significant differences in the pooled risk ratio obtained according to the study design (Q = 0.65; P = .723) and the comparator regimen (Q = 3.37; P = .19).

Conclusions:
The use of ACEIs was not associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Nevertheless, well-designed observational studies with different ethnic populations are still needed to evaluate the long-term (over 10 years) association between ACEIs use and lung cancer.
Effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer
Authors: Xie Cheng , Liu Langhui , Zhu Suyou , Wei Mingquan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Gastric ulcer (GU) is a common digestive system disease, and the main clinical manifestations are nausea and epigastric pain. In recent years, due to increased life pressure, unhealthy eating habits and environment, the incidence of gastric ulcer has increased year by year. Because the disease has a long treatment cycle and is prone to relapse, if it cannot be controlled in time, it can cause the disease to prolong, affect the daily life and health of the patient, and even cause complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcer perforation, and pyloric obstruction. Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the main causes of GU. Clinically, the curative effect of western medicine or traditional Chinese medicine cannot reach the ideal level, so in recent years, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine has been highly praised. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole for GU.

Methods:
The data and information will be retrieved from the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang data. Literature search is limited to Chinese and English. The search time range is from the establishment of the database to April 7, 2021. The search strategy uses a combination of subject terms and free words to search. In order to avoid omissions, the search scope includes subject terms, keywords, or full text. Two reviewers will independently exclude substandard articles and extract eligible data. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. RevMan 5.3 will be used for systematic review and meta-analysis. This protocol will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement, and the systematic review will be reported with the PRISMA statement.

Results and conclusion:
The efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole for the treatment of GU will be evaluated, and the conclusion will be published to provide medical evidence for a better clinical decision of patients with GU.
Efficacy and safety of Banxia Xiexin Decoction as a complementary treatment for gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Meiqing , Huang Wei , Yuan Dongkai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the human digestive system, which seriously affects people's quality of life. As an effective treatment for GC, traditional Chinese medicine can effectively alleviate patients’ clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life, and delay the life cycle. A large number of clinical studies have shown that Banxia Xiexin Decoction has shown a good effect in the treatment of GC. It has achieved good curative effect whether it is used alone or combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which may play a more significant role in the treatment of GC. However, there is still no evidence of evidence-based medicine. Therefore, this study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Banxia Xiexin Decoction as a complementary treatment for GC.

Methods:
Two researchers will search the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Database. In addition, the Chinese Clinical Trial Register, Chinese Clinical Trial Register, conference papers, and other relevant literature will be searched manually. The retrieval time of these databases is from the establishment of the database to March 2021. The main outcome indicators of this study are the effective rate of treatment and the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the literature, the data were screened and extracted. The literature quality was evaluated by the bias risk assessment tool of randomized controlled trials recommended by Cochrane Handbook, and meta-analysis was conducted RevMan 5.3 software. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence.

Results:
This study will comprehensively review the existing evidence of Banxia Xiexin Decoction as a complementary in the treatment of GC.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will provide a basis for judging whether Banxia Xiexin Decoction is an effective and safe intervention for GC patients.

Unique INPLASY number:
INPLASY202140060.
Prognostic value of albumin-fibrinogen ratio in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Authors: Liu Xuyang , Yu Zhiyuan , Wen Dingke , Ma Lu , You Chao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Recent studies have indicated that the albumin to fibrinogen ratio (AFR) is a useful biomarker of inflammation.
This research aimed to determine the ability of AFR to predict the prognosis of patients with SAH.
A total of 440 patients with SAH who had been diagnosed within 72 hours of symptom onset were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical findings and laboratory data were retrieved from the hospital database. Functional outcome was measured according to the modified Rankin scale at 30 days. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between AFR and the prognosis of patients with SAH. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the prognostic ability of AFR at admission to predict the 30-day outcomes.
The average age of all 440 patients with SAH was 56.75 ± 11.19 years and 31.4% (138) were male. Of these patients, 161 exhibited unfavorable outcomes at 30 days. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the AFR was positively correlated with the outcome of patients with SAH (odds ratio 0.939, 95% confidence interval 0.885–0.996, P = .038). The ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.713 for AFR's ability to predict the 30-day outcomes.
AFR is independently associated with the outcome of SAH patients. As a parameter that can be easily assessed at admission, AFR could be used to help the decision-making of clinical treatment.
Evaluation of Neutrophil Dynamics Change by Protective Effect of Tadalafil After Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Using In Vivo Real-time Imaging
Authors: Maruyama Yuki , Araki Motoo , Kidokoro Kengo , Sogawa Yuji , Yoshinaga Kasumi , Mitsui Yosuke , Sadahira Takuya , Wada Koichiro , Watanabe Masami , Watanabe Toyohiko , Kashihara Naoki , Nasu Yasutomo 
Published: April 2021

Background.Neutrophils play a major role in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in renal transplantation and acute kidney injury. However, it has been difficult to observe changes in neutrophil dynamics over time in living mice kidney. We investigate neutrophil dynamics in IRI in living mice using novel in vivo multiphoton microscope imaging techniques and characterize the renoprotective effects of a selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, tadalafil.Methods.Wild-type and endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice, a model of endothelial dysfunction, were used to establish in vivo real-time imaging in living mouse kidneys. Neutrophils were labeled green with Ly-6G monoclonal antibody, and plasma flow was labeled red with BSA. Tadalafil was administered orally 1 h before surgery. Both kidney pedicles were reperfused after 37°C warm ischemia for 45 min.Results.Our novel approach revealed that neutrophils were trapped in glomerulus within a few minutes after reperfusion. They gradually increased over time and infiltrated neutrophils were observed in the tubular lumen and peritubular capillary. The neutrophils were clearly visualized rolling on peritubular capillary plexus at 3 μm/min. The administration of tadalafil significantly reduced neutrophil influx into the glomerulus in both wild-type and endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice. Reduced neutrophil infiltration in tadalafil groups, which was confirmed by flow cytometry, resulted in histopathologically decreased tubular injury. The expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and kidney injury molecule 1 was partially prevented by tadalafil.Conclusions.Use of a novel technique contributed to elucidation of neutrophil dynamics after reperfusion. Tadalafil has a potential for inhibiting neutrophil infiltration in renal IRI.
Are Triphasic Waves Different From Generalized Spike–Wave Discharges?
Authors: Husari Khalil S. , Kaplan Peter W. 
Published: April 2021

Summary:
Generalized periodic discharges with triphasic morphology were previously referred to as triphasic waves but have now been subsumed into the ACNS classification as generalized periodic discharges. Although triphasic waves and generalized spike–wave complexes may resemble each other and hence may be incorrectly identified in comatose critically ill patients, many authors believe that there are different entities, with definable morphologic and clinical differences attributable to each waveform. The occurrence of both patterns in the same patient is extremely rare with only a single prior case report. Here the authors report a patient with typical triphasic waves and generalized spike–wave complexes and highlight the morphologic and EEG differences between the two patterns. The occurrence of both waveforms in the same EEG recording supports the notion of different cerebral generators and pathways, further differentiating rather than merging these morphologies.
Phycicoccus flavus sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinobacterium isolated from branch of Kandelia candel
Authors: Chen Ming-Sheng , Pang Bao-Quan , Liu Shao-Wei , Li Fei-Na , Yan Xiao-Rui , Sun Cheng-Hang , Tuo Li 
Published: April 2021

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-endospore-forming and rod-shaped actinobacterium, designated strain CMS6Z-2T, was isolated from a surface-sterilized branch of Kandelia candel collected from the Maowei Sea, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China. Strain CMS6Z-2T grew at 10–37 °C (optimum, 37 °C), pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–8.0) and in the presence of 0–10.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–1.0 %). Strain CMS6Z-2T possessed meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diamino acid of the peptidoglycan and MK-8 (H4) as the predominant menaquinone. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1
ω9c. The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and two unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 74.1 mol%. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA genes showed that strain CMS6Z-2T should be assigned to the genus

Phycicoccus

and its closest relative was

Phycicoccus endophyticus

IP6SC6T with 98.3 % similarity. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenomic analysis based on core proteomes alignment revealed that strain CMS6Z-2T belonged to the genus

Phycicoccus

and formed a robust cluster with

Phycicoccus endophyticus

IP6SC6T within the genus

Phycicoccus

. The average nucleotide identity value and estimated digital DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain CMS6Z-2T and the type strain of

Phycicoccus endophyticus

were 81.5 and 23.9 %, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain CMS6Z-2T represents a novel species of the genus

Phycicoccus

, for which the name Phycicoccus flavus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CMS6Z-2T (=KCTC 49240T=CGMCC4.7549T).
It’s complicated: characterizing the time-varying relationship between cell phone mobility and COVID-19 spread in the US
Authors: Jewell Sean , Futoma Joseph , Hannah Lauren , Miller Andrew C. , Foti Nicholas J. , Fox Emily B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRestricting in-person interactions is an important technique for limiting the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although early research found strong associations between cell phone mobility and infection spread during the initial outbreaks in the United States, it is unclear whether this relationship persists across locations and time. We propose an interpretable statistical model to identify spatiotemporal variation in the association between mobility and infection rates. Using one year of US county-level data, we found that sharp drops in mobility often coincided with declining infection rates in the most populous counties in spring 2020. However, the association varied considerably in other locations and across time. Our findings are sensitive to model flexibility, as more restrictive models average over local effects and mask much of the spatiotemporal variation. We conclude that mobility does not appear to be a reliable leading indicator of infection rates, which may have important policy implications.