bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of introduction to nuclear physics e-module as a teaching material during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Misbah M , Khairunnisa Y , Amrita P D , Dewantara D , Mahtari S. , Syahidi K , Muhammad N , Prahani B K , Deta U A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to explain the effectiveness of Introduction to Nuclear Physics E-Module as a teaching material during Covid-19 Pandemic descriptively. The e-module was made by using Flip PDF Professional application. This study aimed to: (1) describe students’ learning outcomes before and after the implementation of e-module, (2) analyze the effectiveness of e-module descriptively through normalized Gain <g>; (3) describe the practicality of the e-module according to students as the users. The research instruments consisted of students’ test results and practicality questionnaire in the use of nuclear physics e-module. The results obtained showed that: (1) There was a difference of the pretest-posttest mean score descriptively; (2) The e-module was effective descriptively to boost students’ learning outcomes through normalized Gain analysis <g>; (3) The practicality of the e-module was in the ‘very practical’ category based on students as the users. Therefore, The nuclear physics e-module can be applied as the effort to provide teaching material in physics lecture during Covid-19 pandemic.
Quality improvement of guiding online-first field practice training through use of reflective essay and lesson study
Authors: Susilo H , Sudrajat A K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement of activities during the first field practice training conducted by online class through the use of Reflective Essay and Lesson Study. This action research is conducted on July 20-30, 2020, in the odd semester 2020/2021. The research subjects consisted of 6 biology students who perform peer-teaching practice. Students divided into two groups- each served as a lesson study team. Each student could practice teaching his friends twice through online teaching in the lesson study platform. Every day they write a reflective essay. The results showed that the use of Reflective Essay and Lesson Study could help the students improve lesson design preparation (media selection for apperception and leading activities, time, mastery of concepts). The students still having difficulties in implementing the training and measuring of 21st-century skills.
Virtual nitrogen and virtual water transfers embedded in food trade networks across the US
Authors: Mahjabin Tasnuva , Mejia Alfonso , Grady Caitlin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding environmental impacts through embedded resource accounting tools, such as footprints, allows scholars to connect resource demands to consumption choices. To date, considerably less attention has been paid to tracking the flow of goods, particularly at a sub-national level, to relate consumption patterns to the origin where nitrogen pollution may be occurring. We present and analyze the virtual N networks alongside virtual water networks embedded in the internal food trade within the United States. We utilize a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the associated uncertainty of these values and compare them to existing works on both nitrogen and water footprint flows. Our results indicate that most of the US states exhibit a high nitrogen footprint for meat/seafood and a larger water footprint for cereal grain products. Additionally, we find that both the meat/seafood virtual nitrogen and virtual water networks exhibit high density and larger connectivity properties compared to the cereal grain and fruit/vegetable networks. We also examined the uncertainty associated with the commodity trade across the US and find that sampling errors tend to vary linearly with the footprint values. The sampling uncertainty in the N footprint values indicates greater variability in the cereal grain and fruit/vegetable products. To relate these networks with environmental externalities we also examined virtual N transfers between states based on the percent of assessed water bodies in a state that have nutrient-related impairments. We found that most of the virtual N transfers move from states with high impairments to states with lower rates of impairments. The outcomes from this research could be used to inform eutrophication and water use management across the United States.
Transparent hydrophobic thermal insulation CsxWO3-ZnO-SiO2 coatings:Energy saving, anti-dust and anti-fogging performance
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Zhao Zhiyang , Fang Xianli , Zhang Zefeng , Deng Min 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
CsxWO3-ZnO-SiO2 smart coatings were proposed to achieve multiple functions, such as thermal insulation, anti-dust, anti-fogging and blocking harmful ultraviolet light, etc. The transparent hydrophobic hybrid resins were prepared from methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and SiO2 sol, which was used as the substrate of the composite coating. The CsxWO3 is served as the near-infrared (NIR) absorber, and the ZnO is functioned as the ultraviolet (UV) blocking agent. Coatings with different ratios of CsxWO3 and ZnO were successfully prepared by co-blending with nano-SiO2 resin. The morphology, microstructure, surface composition, hydrophobicity, thermal stability, anti-dust and optical property of the composite coatings were investigated comprehensively. The transmittance of C10Z10 (CsxWO3 10%, ZnO 10%, nano-SiO2 resin 80%) coating at 370 nm is 2.3%, and the value of Solar Energy Transmittance Selectivity (SETS) is 0.665, which exhibits excellent NIR shielding ability. Compared with nano-SiO2 resin coating, the thermal insulation temperature difference can reach 7.0 °C. The C10Z10 coating showed good durability in the twenty times anti-dust repeated tests and the efficiency could maintain 70.3% after the repeating tests. The coating showed excellent sustainability after a 45-day outdoor exposure experiment and a 240 h of artificial accelerated aging experiment. Thus, the proposed CsxWO3-ZnO-SiO2 coatings are promising for outdoor smart windows.
Phosphotungstic acid intercalated Zn,Al-layered double hydroxides/ nanocellulose based 3D lightweight foam thermal insulation materials
Authors: Huang Zizhi , Wang Qiong , Wu Yuanbo , Yuan Liping , Hu Yunchu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, [PW12O40]3− anions have been intercalated into Zn,Al-Layered Double Hydroxides(ZnAl-NO3-LDHs) to synthesize ZnAl-PW12O40-LDHs by ion-exchange reaction. The chemical composition and structure were analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, ICP, and SEM. Then, the nanocellulose based 3D lightweight foam thermal insulation materials was prepared by ZnAl-PW12O40-LDHs and CNF compound with H3BO3. The TG showed that ZnAl-PW12O40- LDHs significantly reduced the maximum decomposition rate and increased the carbon residual rate at 800 °C, which indicated that ZnAl-PW12O40-LDHs can improve the oxidation resistance of CNF composite materials at high temperature.The fire resistance of different samples were evaluated by back temperature test and alcohol lamp flame test, CNF/50%ZnAl-PW12O40-LDHs /2%H3BO3 showed best thermal stability and flame-retardant properties, which can be contributed to the decomposition products of ZnAl-PW12O40-LDHs, acting both as phase flame retardant and condensed phase flame retardant.
Research progress of ultrafine grained magnesium alloy prepared by equal channel angular pressing
Authors: Zhang Qian , Li Quanan , Chen Xiaoya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the research status of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) in the preparation of ultrafine grained magnesium alloy is introduced. The research results in recent ten years are summarized, including the principle and improvement method of ECAP process, plastic deformation mechanism of magnesium alloy, microstructure characteristics, texture evolution and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained magnesium alloy prepared by ECAP. It is pointed out that the influences of grain refinement and texture evolution on mechanical properties such as strength, superplasticity and anisotropy must be considered comprehensively. At the same time, the principle of grain refinement and texture modification in ECAP is also discussed; On the other hand, this paper summarizes the research progress of ECAP numerical simulation in analyzing the influence of ECAP process parameters on strain distribution uniformity, damage prediction, texture evolution and ductile fracture behavior. Finally, the development trend of ECAP process for preparing ultrafine grained magnesium alloy and its application prospect in the field of commercial manufacturing are introduced. Some urgent problems to be solved at this stage are discussed and solutions are put forward, which can provide references for in-depth research in the future.
Design of dye-sensitized TiO2 materials for photocatalytic hydrogen production: light and shadow
Authors: Zani Lorenzo , Melchionna Michele , Montini Tiziano , Fornasiero Paolo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Visible light-driven production of fuels and value-added chemicals is currently one of the most intensely investigated research topics across various scientific disciplines, due to its potential to ease the World’s dependence on fossil fuels. In this perspective, we recapitulate some of the main features of dye-sensitized photocatalytic systems aimed at solar H2 production, focusing in particular on TiO2-based three-component assemblies with organic sensitizers. Relevant aspects include the structural and electronic properties of the sensitizers, the nature of the semiconductor and the hydrogen evolution catalysts, the role of the sacrificial donor and the effect of the reaction parameters on H2 production rate and stability. Besides presenting the most significant recent developments of the field, we also analyse some of its common practices in terms of experimental design, laboratory procedures and data presentation, trying to highlight their weaknesses and suggesting possible improvements. We then conclude with a short paragraph discussing the possible future development of this exciting research area.
Encryption/decryption and microtarget capturing by pH-driven Janus microstructures fabricated by the same femtosecond laser printing parameters
Authors: Lao Zhaoxin , Sun Rui , Jin Dongdong , Ren Zhongguo , Xin Chen , Zhang Yachao , Jiang Shaojun , Zhang Yiyuan , Zhang Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Several natural organism can change shape under external stimuli. These natural phenomena have inspired a vast amount of research on exploration and implementation of reconfigurable shape transformation. The Janus structure is a promising approach to achieve shape transformation based on its heterogeneous chemical or physical properties on opposite sides. However, the heterogeneity is generally realized by multi-step processing, different materials, and/or different processing parameters. Here, we present a simple and flexible method of producing pH-sensitive Janus microactuators from a single material, using the same laser printing parameters. These microactuators exhibit reversible structural deformations with large bending angles of ∼31° and fast response (∼0.2 s) by changing the pH value of the aqueous environment. Benefited from the high flexibility of the laser printing technique and the spatial arrangements, pillar heights, and bending directions of microactuators are readily controlled, enabling a variety of switchable ordered patterns and complex petal-like structures on flat surfaces and inside microchannels. Finally, we explore the potential applications of this method in information encryption/decryption and microtarget capturing.
DNA Methylation and Blood Pressure Phenotypes: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Irvin Marguerite R , Jones Alana C , Claas Steven A , Arnett Donna K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Genetic studies of DNA have been unable to explain a significant portion of the variance of the estimated heritability of blood pressure (BP). Epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA methylation, have helped explain additional biological processes linked to BP phenotypes and diseases. Candidate gene methylation studies and genome-wide methylation studies of BP have highlighted impactful cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) markers across different ethnicities. Furthermore, many of these BP-related CpG sites are also linked to metabolism-related phenotypes. Integrating epigenome-wide association study data with other layers of molecular data such as genotype data (from single nucleotide polymorphism arrays or sequencing), other epigenetic data, and/or transcriptome data can provide additional information about the significance and complexity of these relationships. Recent data suggest that epigenetic changes can be consequences rather than causes of BP variation. Finally, these data can give insight into downstream effects of long-standing high BP (due to target organ damage (TOD)). The current review provides a literature overview of epigenetic modifications in BP and TOD. Recent studies strongly support the importance of epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, in BP and TOD for relevant biological insights, reliable biomarkers, and possible future therapeutics.
Long-Term Mortality After Renal Artery Stenting in Patients With Severe Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis and High-Risk Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Dregoesc Mihaela Ioana , Bolboacă Sorana Daniela , Dorolțan Patricia Mirela , Istrate Mihnea , Marc Mădălin Constantin , Iancu Adrian Corneliu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is a risk factor for cardiovascular death. Observational studies support the benefit of renal revascularization on outcomes in patients with high-risk clinical manifestations. In this context, we evaluated the factors associated with long-term mortality after renal artery stenting in patients with severe renal artery stenosis, impaired kidney function, and/or uncontrolled hypertension.

METHODS
The medical records of patients undergoing renal artery stenting between 2004 and 2014 were extracted. Blood pressure and creatinine were recorded at baseline, 24 hours poststenting and in the 1-month to 1-year interval that followed revascularization. Long-term follow-up was performed in March 2020.

RESULTS
The cohort consisted of 65 patients. Median follow-up was 120 months. In the first year after stenting, less patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD) class 3b–5 as compared with baseline (35.3% vs. 56.9%, P = 0.01). The number of patients with controlled blood pressure after revascularization increased with 69.2% (P &lt; 0.001). Long-term all-cause mortality reached 44.6%. Age (odds ratio (OR) 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–1.2; P = 0.01), male gender (OR 7.9; 95% CI 1.9–43.5; P = 0.008), poststenting CKD class 3b–5 (OR 5.8; 95% CI 1.5–27.9; P = 0.01), and postrevascularization uncontrolled hypertension (OR 8.9; 95% CI 1.7–63.5; P = 0.01) were associated with long-term mortality independent of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease.

CONCLUSIONS
Improved CKD class and blood pressure were recorded in the first year after renal artery stenting in patients with severe renal artery stenosis and high-risk clinical manifestations. The lack of improvement in kidney function and blood pressure was independently associated with long-term mortality.
Religious Minorities under the Constitution of the Irish Free State, 1922–1937
Authors: Mohr Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Irish Free State came into existence in 1922 as a self-governing state with a substantial Catholic majority. This article examines the special constitutional provisions adopted in 1922 that were aimed at religious minorities in the new state. The Protestant community comprised the largest religious minority in 1922 and was particularly vulnerable as many of its members had opposed the foundation of the Irish Free State. Nevertheless, this article recognizes the diversity behind the term ‘Protestant’ and also provides some attention to the position of the Quaker community, often perceived in Ireland as neither Catholic or Protestant, as well as that of the small Irish Jewish community. This article examines the origins and operation of the special provisions of the 1922 constitution of the Irish Free State aimed at protecting the rights of religious minorities and giving them a significant voice within the Irish legislature. It also analyses how and why most of these constitutional safeguards were removed from the text of the 1922 constitution. Most of these provisions were not replicated in the 1937 constitution of Ireland that remains in force to this day. The conclusion argues that one of the weaknesses of the constitutional provisions aimed at religious minorities was that they did not openly include this objective in their wording. This facilitated the removal of almost all of these provisions in the 1930s while ignoring or openly denying that they were aimed at religious minorities despite ample historical evidence to the contrary.
Biophysical informatics approach for quantifying phenotypic heterogeneity in cancer cell migration in confined microenvironments
Authors: Zhang Xingjian , Mak Michael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Cancer cell heterogeneity can manifest genetically and phenotypically. Bioinformatics methods have been used to analyze complex genomics and transcriptomics data, but have not been well-established for analyzing biophysical data of phenotypically heterogeneous tumor cells. Here, we take an informatics approach to analyze the biophysical data of MDA-MB-231 cells, a widely used breast cancer cell line, during their spontaneous migration through confined environments. Experimentally, we vary the constriction microchannel geometries (wide channel, short constriction, and long constriction) and apply drug treatments. We find that the cells in the short constriction are similar in morphology to the cells in the wide channel. However, their fluorescence profiles are comparable to those in the long constriction. We demonstrate that the cell migratory phenotype is correlated more to mitochondria in a non-confined environment and more to actin in a confined environment. We demonstrate that the cells’ migratory phenotypes are altered by ciliobrevin D, a dynein inhibitor, in both confined and non-confined environments. Overall, our approach elucidates phenotypic heterogeneity in cancer cells under confined microenvironments at single-cell resolution.

Results
Here, we apply a bioinformatics approach to a single-cell invasion assay. We demonstrate that this method can determine distinctions in morphology, cytoskeletal activities, and mitochondrial activities under various geometric constraints and for cells of different speeds. Our approach can be readily adapted to various heterogeneity studies for different types of input biophysical data. In addition, this approach can be applied to studies related to biophysical changes due to differences in external stimuli, such as treatment effects on cellular and subcellular activities, at single-cell resolution. Finally, as similar bioinformatics methods have been widely applied in studies of genetic heterogeneity, biophysical information extracted using this approach can be analyzed together with the genetic data to relate genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity.

Availability and implementation
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Neuropathology of FMR1-premutation carriers presenting with dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms
Authors: Dijkstra Anke A , Haify Saif N , Verwey Niek A , Prins Niels D , van der Toorn Esmay C , Rozemuller Annemieke J M , Bugiani Marianna , den Dunnen Wilfred F A , Todd Peter K , Charlet-Berguerand Nicolas , Willemsen Rob , Hukema Renate K , Hoozemans Jeroen J M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
CGG repeat expansions within the premutation range (55–200) of the FMR1 gene can lead to Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome and Fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders. These CGG repeats are translated into a toxic polyglycine-containing protein, FMRpolyG. Pathology of Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome and Fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders comprises FMRpolyG- and p62-positive intranuclear inclusions. Diagnosing a FMR1-premutation carrier remains challenging, as the clinical features overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we describe two male cases with Fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders-related symptoms and mild movement disturbances and novel pathological features that can attribute to the variable phenotype. Macroscopically, both donors did not show characteristic white matter lesions on MRI; however, vascular infarcts in cortical- and sub-cortical regions were identified. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed a high number of FMRpolyG intranuclear inclusions throughout the brain, which were also positive for p62. Importantly, we identified a novel pathological vascular phenotype with inclusions present in pericytes and endothelial cells. Although these results need to be confirmed in more cases, we propose that these vascular lesions in the brain could contribute to the complex symptomology of FMR1-premutation carriers. Overall, our report suggests that Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome and Fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders may present diverse clinical involvements resembling other types of dementia, and in the absence of genetic testing, FMRpolyG can be used post-mortem to identify premutation carriers.
Territorial stigmatization in theory and practice, and its implications for community development: an introduction to the themed section
Authors: Meade Rosie R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article introduces and outlines the rationale for a ‘Themed Section on Territorial Stigmatization’. It explains how ‘territorial stigmatization’ is conceptualised and understood, within the wider academic scholarship, and within the four articles that follow in this section. This introductory article outlines some key lines of academic debate and inquiry about the stigmas that adhere to communities of place and it acknowledges the pioneering theoretical contribution of Wacquant in particular. The article also discusses how the articles in this themed section of the CDJ can contribute to our ability to recognise and respond to territorial stigma as an ongoing challenge for community development theory and practice.
Are Technology Shocks More Expansionary at the ZLB?
Authors: Ji Yangyang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGarín et al.’s (2019) empirical study shows that a positive technology shock is more expansionary when the ZLB binds than when it does not. This cannot be explained by a basic new-Keynesian model with sticky prices. In this paper, I resolve this puzzle by extending the model to include wage stickiness. (JEL codes: E32, E52, E62, N12)