bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of the topological sensitivity method to the reconstruction of plasma equilibrium domain in a tokamak
Authors: Abdelwahed Mohamed , Chorfi Nejmeddine , Hassine Maatoug , Kallel Imen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe topological sensitivity method is an optimization technique used in different inverse problem solutions. In this work, we adapt this method to the identification of plasma domain in a Tokamak. An asymptotic expansion of a considered shape function is established and used to solve this inverse problem. Finally, a numerical algorithm is developed and tested in different configurations.
The NIDA clinical trials network: evolving, expanding, and addressing the opioid epidemic
Authors: Tai Betty , Dobbins Ronald , Blackeney Quandra , Liu David , Moran Landhing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOver the past two decades, the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN), a program of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), has expanded from the initial six Nodes to 16 Nodes, as a nationwide consortium of research scientists and treatment providers working together to improve care for substance use in the nation’s communities. Encompassing both specialty care programs and general medical settings, the Network has become a unique resource for expertise on clinically focused research, bridging the gap between research and treatment delivery. Over 22 years, the CTN has completed 101 studies, resulting in 650 publications. In response to the opioid epidemic, a CTN task force generated a comprehensive list of research priorities in the areas of prevention, treatment, knowledge dissemination, and workforce training, to form the basis of the Network’s opioid portfolio. The Network’s opioid portfolio currently includes five main categories of studies: (1) large multi-site studies; (2) studies aimed at closing the treatment gap; (3) expansion of ongoing studies to improve service delivery and implementation; (4) studies to explore the use of substance use data in electronic health record systems; (5) training and dissemination projects to expand the research/health care provider workforce. With funding from the Helping to End Addiction Long-Term InitiativeSM (HEAL), the CTN established five new Nodes, which, along with the pre-existing Nodes, are distributed in every region of the nation and engage researchers and clinicians in areas that have been among the hardest hit by the opioid epidemic. Through this expanded network and its commitment to developing personalized, evidence-based treatments, the CTN is poised to address and provide solutions for the ongoing epidemic of opioid use and addiction.
Phase II Study of Maintenance Rucaparib in Patients With Platinum-Sensitive Advanced Pancreatic Cancer and a Pathogenic Germline or Somatic Variant in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2
Authors: Reiss Kim A. , Mick Rosemarie , O'Hara Mark H. , Teitelbaum Ursina , Karasic Thomas B. , Schneider Charles , Cowden Stacy , Southwell Traci , Romeo Janae , Izgur Natallia , Hannan Zain M. , Tondon Rashmi , Nathanson Katherine , Vonderheide Robert H. , Wattenberg Max M. , Beatty Gregory , Domchek Susan M. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi), is approved as maintenance therapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) and a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic variant (PV). This investigator-initiated, single-arm phase II study assessed the role of the PARPi rucaparib as maintenance therapy in advanced PC with germline or somatic PV in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had advanced PC; germline (g) or somatic (s) PVs in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2, and received at least 16 weeks of platinum-based chemotherapy without evidence of platinum resistance. Chemotherapy was discontinued and patients received rucaparib 600 mg orally twice a day until progression. The primary end point was the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months (PFS6). Secondary end points included safety, ORR, disease control rate, duration of response, and overall survival. RESULTS Of 46 enrolled patients, 42 were evaluable (27 g BRCA2, seven g BRCA1, six g PALB2, and two s BRCA2). PFS6 was 59.5% (95% CI, 44.6 to 74.4), median PFS was 13.1 months (95% CI, 4.4 to 21.8), and median overall survival was 23.5 months (95% CI, 20 to 27). The PFS at 12 months was 54.8%. ORR of the 36 patients with measurable disease was 41.7% (3 complete responses; 12 partial responses; 95% CI, 25.5 to 59.2), and disease control rate was 66.7% (95% CI, 49.0 to 81.4). Median duration of response was 17.3 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 25.8). Responses occurred in patients with gBRCA2 (41%, 11 out of 27), gPALB2 (50%, 3 out of 6), and sBRCA2 (50%, 1 out of 2). No new safety signals were noted. CONCLUSION Maintenance rucaparib is a safe and effective therapy for platinum-sensitive, advanced PC with a PV in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2. The finding of efficacy in patients with g PALB2 and s BRCA2 PVs expands the population likely to benefit from PARPi beyond g BRCA1/ 2 PV carriers.
Accessing Targeted Therapies: A Potential Roadblock to Implementing Precision Oncology?
Authors: von Itzstein Mitchell S. , Smith Mary L. , Railey Elda , White Carol B. , Dieterich Julianne S. , Garrett-Mayer Liz , Bruinooge Suanna S. , Freedman Andrew N. , De Moor Janet , Gray Stacy W. , Park Jason Y. , Yan Jingsheng , Hoang Anh Quynh , Zhu Hong , Gerber David E. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE:Advances in genomic techniques have led to increased use of next-generation sequencing (NGS). We evaluated the extent to which these tests guide treatment decisions.METHODS:We developed and distributed a survey assessing NGS use and outcomes to a survey pool of ASCO members. Comparisons between groups were performed with Wilcoxon two-sample, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests.RESULTS:Among 178 respondents, 62% were male, 54% White, and 67% affiliated with academic centers. More than half (56%) indicated that NGS provided actionable information to a moderate or great extent. Use was highest (median ≥ 70% of cases) for lung and gastric cancer, and lowest (median < 25% of cases) in head and neck and genitourinary cancers. Approximately one third of respondents reported that, despite identification of an actionable molecular variant, patients were sometimes or often unable to access the relevant US Food and Drug Administration–approved therapy. When NGS did not provide actionable results, individuals reporting great or moderate guidance overall from NGS in treatment recommendations were more likely to request the compassionate use of an unapproved drug ( P < .001), enroll on a clinical trial ( P < .01), or treat off-label with a drug approved for another indication ( P = .02).CONCLUSION:When NGS identifies an actionable result, a substantial proportion of clinicians reported encountering challenges obtaining approved therapies on the basis of these results. Perceived overall impact of NGS appears associated with clinical behavior unrelated to actionable NGS test results, including pursuing off-label or compassionate use of unapproved therapies or referring to a clinical trial.
Thyroid Hormone Deiodinases: Dynamic Switches in Developmental Transitions
Authors: Hernandez Arturo , Martinez M Elena , Ng Lily , Forrest Douglas 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Thyroid hormones exert pleiotropic, essential actions in mammalian, including human, development. These actions depend on provision of thyroid hormones in the circulation but also to a remarkable extent on deiodinase enzymes in target tissues that amplify or deplete the local concentration of the primary active form of the hormone T3 (3,5,3′-triiodothyronine), the high affinity ligand for thyroid hormone receptors. Genetic analyses in mice have revealed key roles for activating (DIO2) and inactivating (DIO3) deiodinases in cell differentiation fates and tissue maturation, ultimately promoting neonatal viability, growth, fertility, brain development, and behavior, as well as metabolic, endocrine, and sensory functions. An emerging paradigm is how the opposing activities of DIO2 and DIO3 are coordinated, providing a dynamic switch that controls the developmental timing of a tissue response, often during neonatal and maturational transitions. A second paradigm is how cell to cell communication within a tissue determines the response to T3. Deiodinases in specific cell types, often strategically located near to blood vessels that convey thyroid hormones into the tissue, can regulate neighboring cell types, suggesting a paracrine-like layer of control of T3 action. We discuss deiodinases as switches for developmental transitions and their potential to influence tissue dysfunction in human thyroid disorders.
WNT4 Balances Development vs Disease in Gynecologic Tissues and Women’s Health
Authors: Pitzer Lauren M , Moroney Marisa R , Nokoff Natalie J , Sikora Matthew J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The WNT family of proteins is crucial in numerous developmental pathways and tissue homeostasis. WNT4, in particular, is uniquely implicated in the development of the female phenotype in the fetus, and in the maintenance of müllerian and reproductive tissues. WNT4 dysfunction or dysregulation can drive sex-reversal syndromes, highlighting the key role of WNT4 in sex determination. WNT4 is also critical in gynecologic pathologies later in life, including several cancers, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, and infertility. The role of WNT4 in normal decidualization, implantation, and gestation is being increasingly appreciated, while aberrant activation of WNT4 signaling is being linked both to gynecologic and breast cancers. Notably, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the WNT4 gene locus are strongly associated with these pathologies and may functionally link estrogen and estrogen receptor signaling to upregulation and activation of WNT4 signaling. Importantly, in each of these developmental and disease states, WNT4 gene expression and downstream WNT4 signaling are regulated and executed by myriad tissue-specific pathways. Here, we review the roles of WNT4 in women’s health with a focus on sex development, and gynecologic and breast pathologies, and our understanding of how WNT4 signaling is controlled in these contexts. Defining WNT4 functions provides a unique opportunity to link sex-specific signaling pathways to women’s health and disease.
Spectral linewidth narrowing of two broad-area blue laser diodes (445  nm) with a common external cavity
Authors: Nyaupane Parashu R. , Likamwa Patrick L. , Braiman Yehuda 
Published: May 2021

Two watt-level broad-area laser diodes were simultaneously locked into a common external cavity made using a surface grating in a Littrow configuration. The spectral linewidth of the combined laser beam was narrowed down from over a nanometer to 10–15 pm (FWHM), and the output power was the sum of the power of the individually locked laser diodes. The spectrum of the combined laser beam can be tuned over a range of 2–3 nm by changing the tilt angle of the grating and varying the injection currents of each laser diode.
Fiber endface photoacoustic generator for quantitative photoacoustic tomography
Authors: Yang Guang , Huang Hengbo , Luo Hongbo , Kou Sitai , Amidi Eghbal , Achilefu Samuel , Zhu Quing 
Published: May 2021

We demonstrate a novel fiber endface photoacoustic (PA) generator using infrared (IR) 144 laser dye dispersed within an ultraviolet adhesive. The generator provides a wide acoustic bandwidth in the transducer frequency range of 2–7 MHz, high thermal conversion efficiency (

>

90
%

), good PA signal controllability (well-controlled IR 144 concentration), and high feasibility (simple procedures). Through a series of experimental validations, we show that this fiber-based endface PA generator can be a useful tool for a broad range of biomedical applications such as calibrating the local absorption coefficient of biological tissue for quantitative PA tomography.
Watt-level europium laser at 703  nm
Authors: Loiko Pavel , Rytz Daniel , Schwung Sebastian , Pues Patrick , Jüstel Thomas , Doualan Jean-Louis , Camy Patrice 
Published: May 2021

We report on a watt-level highly efficient europium laser operating at the

5

D

0

→

7

F

4

transition. It is based on the stoichiometric

K
E
u

(

W
O

4

)
2

crystal. Under pumping by a green laser at 532.1 nm, the

K
E
u

(

W
O

4

)
2

laser generated a maximum peak output power of 1.11 W at

∼

703

n
m

with a slope efficiency of 43.2% and a linear polarization (

E
‖

N
m

). A laser threshold as low as 64 mW was achieved. True continuous-wave operation was demonstrated. The polarized emission properties of monoclinic

K
E
u

(

W
O

4

)
2

were determined.
Cerebral oxygen saturation and cerebrovascular instability in newborn infants with congenital heart disease compared to healthy controls
Authors: Tran Nhu N. , Votava-Smith Jodie K. , Wood John C. , Panigrahy Ashok , Wee Choo Phei , Borzage Matthew , Kumar S. Ram , Murray Paula M. , Brecht Mary-Lynn , Paquette Lisa , Brady Kenneth M. , Peterson Bradley S. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveInfants with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) are at risk for developmental delays, though the mechanisms of brain injury that impair development are unknown. Potential causes could include cerebral hypoxia and cerebrovascular instability. We hypothesized that we would detect significantly reduced cerebral oxygen saturation and greater cerebrovascular instability in CHD infants compared to the healthy controls.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis on a sample of 43 term infants (28 CHD, 15 healthy controls) that assessed prospectively in temporal cross-section before or at 12 days of age. CHD infants were assessed prior to open-heart surgery. Cerebral oxygen saturation levels were estimated using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and cerebrovascular stability was assessed with the response of cerebral oxygen saturation after a postural change (supine to sitting).ResultsCerebral oxygen saturation was 9 points lower in CHD than control infants in both postures (β = -9.3; 95%CI = -17.68, -1.00; p = 0.028), even after controlling for differences in peripheral oxygen saturation. Cerebrovascular stability was significantly impaired in CHD compared to healthy infants (β = -2.4; 95%CI = -4.12, -.61; p = 0.008), and in CHD infants with single ventricle compared with biventricular defects (β = -1.5; 95%CI = -2.95, -0.05; p = 0.04).ConclusionCHD infants had cerebral hypoxia and decreased cerebral oxygen saturation values following a postural change, suggesting cerebrovascular instability. Future longitudinal studies should assess the associations of cerebral hypoxia and cerebrovascular instability with long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in CHD infants.
Senior High School Students’ Anxiety and Performance in Learning English
Authors: Sansaluna Saima , Bawa Lydia , Camua Amour , Untong Leonel 
Published: May 2021

This study focused on the anxiety and performance of the students in learning English specifically in speaking. It sought to find out anxieties and its causes that affect their English performance in terms of inter-language phonology, grammar and meaning system. The study covered the use of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) developed by Horwitz et al. (1986) that measure the English learners’ anxiety levels while learning English in the classroom. The respondents of the study were the selected Grade 12 senior high school students from the selected public schools in Maguindanao Division, Philippines. Descriptive-correlational survey method was used in the study.
The findings show that English language speaking anxiety does exist among Senior High School students in Maguindanao Division and their level of anxiety in learning English is high. It is further concluded that students’ anxiety levels in speaking English in terms of inter-language phonology, inter-language grammar and inter-language meaning system contributed to students’ performance in learning in English.
The Influence of Applying the Principles of Experiential Coyote Drama (ECD) Methods in Teaching English Language from the English language supervisor’s perspectives in Jenin city (case study).
Authors: Barahmeh Mosaddaq , Bsharat Tahani 
Published: May 2021

This paper sheds light on the importance of applying the Principles of Experiential Coyote Drama (ECD) Methods in Teaching English Language from the English language supervisor’s perspectives in Jenin city (case study). First of all, this paper discloses the Coyote teaching method. Later, this paper also explains the importance of Experiential learning in teaching English as a Foreign Language. It also explains the educational drama and its techniques in teaching-learning the English language. Finally, this paper suggests a new teaching-learning method which is Experiential Coyote Drama (ECD). All in all, from the previous studies and researches the researchers found that mixing educational drama with Experiential learning and Coyote method will bring a full package of new methods and activities for the teachers, learners and future researchers in teaching English as a Foreign Language.
Pharmacist Impact on Physician Practices Related to Diabetes Management
Authors: Ammar Amina , Darghali Lindsay M. , Tarraf Wassim , Berlie Helen D. , Jaber Linda A. 
Published: May 2021

To examine the impact of a pharmacist’s physical presence on (1) the achievement of individual and combined targets for hemoglobin A1c (A1C), blood pressure (BP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (composite target), and (2) physician practices in relation to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards of medical care.

Methods
A retrospective, comparative study of randomly selected diabetic patients seen within an underserved primary care setting at least twice annually between June 1, 2018- December 31, 2019. Patients were allocated by whether they had received care in one of the physician-pharmacist clinics (Group A) or the physician-only clinic (Group B). Study outcomes included the proportion of patients achieving the composite and individual treatment targets for A1C, BP, and LDL-C.

Results
A total of 394 patients were included; Majority were underserved African Americans. The composite target was attained by 20% of participants in Group A and 13% in Group B (p=0.09). There were no statistically significant differences in achievement of individual targets between groups. A significantly higher proportion of participants in Group A achieved better control of diastolic blood pressure control (85% vs. 74%), had microalbuminuria tested (50% vs. 12%), were prescribed aspirin (43% vs. 32%), and had lower utilization of non-insulin glucose-lowering agents relative to those in Group B.

Conclusion
The impact of a pharmacist’s physical presence on physician practice demonstrated a general trend towards improvement in clinical outcomes related to diabetes management. Future studies are needed to further characterize the impact provided by the physician-pharmacist relationship.
Analysis of the Gyeonggi Bay Ecomuseum as a Wide-Area Ecomuseum
Authors: Lee Hanju 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to examine the features of the creation and operation of ecomuseums at wide-area and (metropolitan) local government levels and to analyze their improvements and limitations based on an analysis of a case study on the “Gyeonggi Bay Ecomuseum.” This study also reveals the necessity and direction for ecomuseums led by metropolitan local governments. It attempts to find ways to expand the Gyeonggi Bay Ecomuseum and apply lessons from this ecomuseum to other planned wide-area ecomuseums in South Korea. Overall, this study intends to derive the sustainability of wide-area ecomuseums, and their utility and potential as a means to revitalize the region.
The Gyeonggi Bay Ecomuseum is a meaningful case study as it was created in a wide area called the Gyeonggi Bay and was led by a metropolitan local government, along with the official claim as an ecomuseum; the museum creation project also progressed in a phased approach. However, there are issues such as organization problems of the ecomuseum and the absence of resident participation, integrated programs, and an archive center.
Therefore, this study presents measures to overcome these obstacles: the establishment of a core ecomuseum and an exhibition center, the development of joint programs, the continuous security of funds and human resources, and measures to generate economic benefits for residents. This study also suggests spatial/functional expansion from being the “Gyeonggi Bay Ecomuseum” to the “Gyeonggi Province Ecomuseum.”

Keywords: Ecomuseum, Wide-area unit, Lead of local governments, Gyeonggi Bay, Regional revitalization
Establishing the Noise: Interday Ecological Reliability of Countermovement Jump Variables in Professional Rugby Union Players
Authors: Howarth David J. , Cohen Daniel D. , McLean Blake D. , Coutts Aaron J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Howarth, DJ, Cohen, DD, McLean, BD, and Coutts, AJ. Establishing the noise: interday ecological reliability of countermovement jump variables in professional rugby union players. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3159–3166, 2022—The purpose of this study was to examine the interday “ecological” reliability of a wide range of ground reaction force–derived countermovement jump (CMJ) variables. Thirty-six male, professional rugby union players performed 3 CMJs on 4 separate days over an 8-day period during the first week of preseason. We calculated reliability for 86 CMJ variables across 5 interday combinations using 2 criteria: mean output across 3 jump trials (Mean3) and single output from the highest jump (BestJH). Interday coefficient of variation (CV) of the 86 variables in each CMJ phase, for Mean3 and BestJH, respectively, ranged between concentric = 2–11% and 2–13%; eccentric = 1–45% and 1–107%; and landing = 4–32% and 6–45%. Mean3 interday CV was lower in all 86 variables across every interday combination, compared with BestJH. CVs were lower in our cohort than previous studies, particularly for eccentric phase variables. There was no meaningful difference between interday conditions, suggesting any 2-day combination conducted within the first 8 days of preseason, represents a measure of “noise.” We did not apply arbitrary reliability “cut-offs” used in previous work (e.g., CV <10%); therefore, our analysis provides reference reliability for a wide range of CMJ variables. However, we recommend that practitioners assess reliability in their athletes, as it is likely to be environment, protocol, and cohort specific.
First records, phenology, habitat, and host-plant associations of <i>Macrotera opuntiae</i> (Cockerell) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in Montana
Authors: Delphia Casey , Griswold Terry 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Macrotera (Cockerellula) opuntiae (Cockerell) is a minute bee oligolectic on cacti and one of the few stone-nesting bee species. We document the first records of M. opuntiae in Montana, USA, a considerable range expansion from where this species was previously known in Colorado. We briefly describe the habitat and host-plant (cacti) associations, and the activity period of M. opuntiae adults in Montana. A new state record for Nebraska and new records for western Colorado are also reported.