bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model Selection Reveals the Butyrate-Producing Gut Bacterium Coprococcus eutactus as Predictor for Language Development in 3-Year-Old Rural Ugandan Children
Authors: Kort Remco , Schlösser Job , Vazquez Alan R. , Atukunda Prudence , Muhoozi Grace K. M. , Wacoo Alex Paul , Sybesma Wilbert F. H. , Westerberg Ane C. , Iversen Per Ole , Schoen Eric D. 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionThe metabolic activity of the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the gut-brain axis through the effects of bacterial metabolites on brain function and development. In this study we investigated the association of gut microbiota composition with language development of 3-year-old rural Ugandan children.MethodsWe studied the language ability in 139 children of 36 months in our controlled maternal education intervention trial to stimulate children’s growth and development. The dataset includes 1170 potential predictors, including anthropometric and cognitive parameters at 24 months, 542 composition parameters of the children’s gut microbiota at 24 months and 621 of these parameters at 36 months. We applied a novel computationally efficient version of the all-subsets regression methodology and identified predictors of language ability of 36-months-old children scored according to the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III).ResultsThe best three-term model, selected from more than 266 million models, includes the predictors Coprococcus eutactus at 24 months of age, Bifidobacterium at 36 months of age, and language development at 24 months. The top 20 four-term models, selected from more than 77 billion models, consistently include C. eutactus abundance at 24 months, while 14 of these models include the other two predictors as well. Mann–Whitney U tests suggest that the abundance of gut bacteria in language non-impaired children (n = 78) differs from that in language impaired children (n = 61). While anaerobic butyrate-producers, including C. eutactus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Holdemanella biformis, Roseburia hominis are less abundant, facultative anaerobic bacteria, including Granulicatella elegans, Escherichia/Shigella and Campylobacter coli, are more abundant in language impaired children. The overall predominance of oxygen tolerant species in the gut microbiota was slightly higher in the language impaired group than in the non-impaired group (P = 0.09).ConclusionApplication of the all-subsets regression methodology to microbiota data established a correlation between the relative abundance of the anaerobic butyrate-producing gut bacterium C. eutactus and language development in Ugandan children. We propose that the gut redox potential and the overall bacterial butyrate-producing capacity in the gut are important factors for language development.
Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition-Like Circulating Tumor Cell-Associated White Blood Cell Clusters as a Prognostic Biomarker in HR-Positive/HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Guan Xiuwen , Li Chunxiao , Li Yiqun , Wang Jiani , Yi Zongbi , Liu Binliang , Chen Hongyan , Xu Jiasen , Qian Haili , Xu Binghe , Ma Fei 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundAlthough positive Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) status has been validated as a prognostic marker in breast cancer, the interaction between immune cells and CTCs during the progress of Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), and the clinical implications of CTC-associated white blood cell clusters (CTC-WBC clusters) for metastatic breast cancer are largely uncharacterized.MethodsWe optimized a filter-based method combined with an RNA in situ hybridization technique according to the epithelial- and mesenchymal-markers to analyze EMT in CTC-WBC clusters. Serial peripheral blood samples from 135 patients with Hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy with docetaxel plus capecitabine were prospectively collected until disease progression from Nov 2013 to March 2019. Follow-up data collection was conducted until July 2020.ResultsA total of 452 blood samples at all time-points were collected and analyzed. Median age of the cohort was 51.0 years (range, 27 to 73 years), and most of them (76.3%) had visceral metastases. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.6 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 12.3 months). The presence of EMT-like CTC-WBC clusters was more frequently evident among patients with simultaneous bone and lymph node metastases (87.5% vs 36.2%, P=0.006), whereas no associations were observed between CTC-WBC clusters and other clinicopathologic characteristics before chemotherapy. The patients with EMT-like CTC-WBC clusters tended to show a significantly increased number of total CTC count (median,19.0 vs 5.0, P&lt;0.001). The patients with at least one detectable EMT-like CTC-WBC cluster at baseline were characterized by significantly worse PFS, when compared to the patients with no EMT-like CTC-WBC clusters detected (7.0 vs 10.7 months, P=0.023), and those with five or more epithelial-based CTCs detected per 5mL of peripheral blood (7.0 vs 12.7 months, P=0.014). However, the total CTC-WBC clusters were not correlated with patients’ survival in the cohort (8.4 vs 10.6 months, P=0.561).ConclusionsOur data provide evidence that the emergence of CTC-WBC clusters underwent EMT before treatment is associated with significantly poorer PFS in HR-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients receiving docetaxel plus capecitabine, which may be used as a parameter to predict the clinical outcomes and a potential target for individualized therapy.
Role of Tacrolimus C/D Ratio in the First Year After Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Prusinskas Benas , Ohlsson Sinja , Kathemann Simone , Pilic Denisa , Kampmann Kristina , Büscher Rainer , Paul Andreas , Pape Lars , Hoyer Peter F. , Lainka Elke 
Published: June 2021

Background: The calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) tacrolimus (TAC) is a cornerstone agent in immunosuppressive therapy in pediatric liver transplantation (LTX). Adverse effects limit the use of CNI. In adults, calculating the individual TAC metabolism rate allows to estimate the transplant recipient's risk for therapy-associated complications.Methods: A retrospective, descriptive data analysis was performed in children who had undergone LTX in 2009–2017 and had received TAC twice daily in the first year after LTX. A weight-adjusted concentration/dose ratio (C/D ratio) was calculated [TAC trough level/(daily TAC dose/body weight)] every 3 months after LTX to estimate the average individual TAC metabolism rate. Depending on the C/D ratio, all patients were divided into two groups: fast metabolizers (FM) and slow metabolizers (SM). Clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed as risk factors in both groups.Results: A total of 78 children (w 34, m 44, median age at LTX 2.4; 0.4–17.0 years) were enrolled in the study. FM (SM) had a mean C/D ratio of &lt;51.83 (≥51.83) ng/ml/(mg/kg). FM were younger at the time of LTX (median age 1.7; 0.4–15.8 years) than SM (5.1, 0.4–17.0), p = 0.008. FM were more likely to have biliary atresia (20/39, 51%) compared to SM (11/39, 28%), p = 0.038, whereas SM were more likely to have progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (9/39, 23%) vs. in FM (1/39, 3%), p = 0.014. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection occurred more frequently in FM (27/39, 69%) than SM (13/39, 33%), p = 0.002. Three FM developed post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. The annual change of renal function did not differ in both groups (slope FM 1.2 ± 0.6; SM 1.4 ± 0.8 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year, and p = 0.841).Conclusions: Calculation of individual, weight-adjusted TAC C/D ratio is a simple, effective, and cost-efficient tool for physicians to estimate the risk of therapy-associated complications and to initiate individual preventive adjustments after pediatric LTX. Lower TAC levels are tolerable in FM, especially in the presence of EBV infection, reduced renal function, or when receiving a liver transplant in the first 2 years of life.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-Reported Practice Towards Measures for Prevention of the Spread of COVID-19 Among Australians: A Nationwide Online Longitudinal Representative Survey
Authors: Enticott Joanne , Slifirski William , Lavoie Kim L. , Bacon Simon L. , Teede Helena J. , Boyle Jacqueline A. 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To assess and share learnings on the motivators and behavioural adherence across sex and age to evolving strategies in public policy to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of a first COVID-19 wave and the beginning of a second COVID-19 wave in Australia.Design and Setting: A national longitudinal survey using a framework based on evidence-based behaviour change models. The survey was administered to a national sample representative across sex, age and location was undertaken at two time points: May 1st to 5th, 2020, and July 1st to 7th, 2020.Results: Overall 2,056 surveys were completed across the first and second rounds, with 63% (1,296/2,056) completing both. Age range was 18–99 years (median 53, IQR: 34–64). Suboptimal physical distancing and self-quarantining if unwell/diagnosed was reported in one in four respondents and not getting a test at onset of symptoms reported in one in three. Those non-adherent to all three behaviours (19%, 60/323), were mainly male, younger, lived in major cities and reported fewer concerns or motivators to change behaviour. Overall, government lockdown measures were considered very important by 81% (835/1,032) and appropriate by 75% (772/1,029).Conclusions: Prior to the suppression of a second COVID-19 wave, a significant minority of Australians reported suboptimal behavioural adherence to vital policy strategies to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread, mostly young adults and men. Successful wave 2 suppression required consistent communication from political and health leaders and supportive public health and economic strategies. Additional lockdown and punitive strategies were needed in Victoria and were generally well-supported and adhered to. To limit subsequent lockdown, this work reinforces the need for a mix of communication around saving lives of the vulnerable, and other strategies targeting high risk groups, facilitation of easy testing and minimisation of financial impacts.
XÂY DỰNG HỆ ĐIỀU KHIỂN GIÁM SÁT CÁC TRẠM ĐIỆN NĂNG LƯỢNG MẶT TRỜI HÒA LƯỚI, ỨNG DỤNG TẠI LÀO CAI
Authors: Hưng Dương Quốc , Công Nguyễn Hữu , Cường Nguyễn Thế , Quang Đoàn Đức 
Published: June 2021

Ngày nay, khi mà nguồn năng lượng hóa thạch đang dần cạn kiện thì việc khai thác các nguồn năng lượng tái tạo đã trở thành một vấn đề cấp bách. Trong đó hệ thống điện năng lượng mặt trời được đặc biệt quan tâm. Tại Việt Nam, Nhà nước đã có chính sách cho phép các nhà sản xuất điện năng lượng mặt trời hòa lưới và bán điện cho công ty điện lực EVN. Khi mà các trạm điện năng lượng mặt trời ngày càng nhiều, thì việc xây dựng một hệ thống SCADA là một vấn đề cần thiết. Hệ thống SCADA giám sát năng lượng mặt trời cho phép kiểm soát toàn bộ các trạm năng lượng mặt trời được thiết kế, chúng được kết nối thông qua một phần mềm giao tiếp với mạng Internet. Từ đó, giúp chúng ta phân tích, đánh giá và đưa ra cảnh báo tình trạng của hệ thống theo thời gian thực ở bất kỳ nơi đâu, miễn là có mạng Internet. Bài báo này là kết quả của việc xây dựng thử nghiệm một phần mềm SCADA truyền thông bằng công nghệ 4G áp dụng cho hệ thống gồm 3 trạm điện năng lượng mặt trời được lắp đặt tại thành phố Lào Cai - tỉnh Lào Cai.
First records of Condylostylus depressus (Aldrich, 1901) and Condylostylus electus (Walker, 1852) (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) in coconut plantations in state of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Penner Fernanda V. , Silva Yorranna K. R. da , Soares Matheus M. M. , Bastos Lucas F. , Batista Telma F. V. 
Published: June 2021

We record for the first time two species of Condylostylus Bigot, 1859 from Pará state, Brazil. Condylostylus depressus (Aldrich, 1901) and C. electus (Walker, 1852) were found on commercial crops of Cocos nucifera L., thus pointing to a possible value for biological control. In addition, we provide diagnoses and distributional maps for both species in Brazil.
A New Method for Obtaining Model-Free Viscoelastic Material Properties from Atomic Force Microscopy Experiments Using Discrete Integral Transform Techniques
Authors: Uluutku Berkin , López-Guerra Enrique A , Solares Santiago D 
Published: June 2021

Viscoelastic characterization of materials at the micro- and nanoscales is commonly performed with the aid of force-distance relationships acquired using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The general strategy for existing methods is to fit the observed material behavior to specific viscoelastic models, such as generalized viscoelastic models or power-law rheology models, among others. Here we propose a new method to invert and obtain the viscoelastic properties of a material through the use of the Z-transform, without using a model. We present the rheological viscoelastic relations in their classical derivation and their Z-domain correspondence. We illustrate the proposed technique on a model experiment involving a traditional ramp-shaped force-distance AFM curve, demonstrating good agreement between the viscoelastic characteristics extracted from the simulated experiment and the theoretical expectations. We also provide a path for calculating standard viscoelastic responses from the extracted material characteristics. The new technique based on the Z-transform is complementary to previous model-based viscoelastic analyses and can be advantageous with respect to Fourier techniques due to its generality. Additionally, it can handle the unbounded inputs traditionally used to acquire force-distance relationships in AFM, such as “ramp” functions, in which the cantilever position is displaced linearly with time for a finite period of time.
Financial Feasibility Analysis of Chocolate Spread with Coconut Ingredients as Agroindustrial Product
Authors: Savitri Dyah Ayu , Herlina Herlina , Novijanto Noer 
Published: June 2021

Chocolate spread is a type of paste which is mostly spread on breads and pastries. This research was conducted by calculating financial feasibility of chocolate spread with addition of coconut flour and coconut sugar produced by Yayasan Suren untuk Indonesia. The aim of this research is to observe the financial feasibility of chocolate spread with addition of coconut flour and coconut sugar in order to obtain its development strategy on production management and marketing. The results showed BEP value of 16659,4; PBP (year) value of 1,9; NPV value of 20389635,9; IRR value of 1526% and B/C ratio of 1,05. Therefore, based on financial feasibility analysis, this business is feasible to execute. Furthermore, based on sensitivity analysis using four scenarios, this business is not feasible to execute while undergoes increasing of price of raw material as big as 4% and decreasing of selling price as big as 3%. Based on those scenario, NPV value of this business was Rp -194.353.160,28 (<0); followed by value of IRR, Net B/C, payback period and BEP were 10,94%; 1,00; 7,88 and 155.020,62 respectively.
Evaluarea riscului pentru starea de sănătate a populației în funcție de com-poziția apei potabile
Authors: MIRON Inga 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Drinking water includes a multitude of natural elements, with a strong connection between them, which through the dynamics of their modification in many cases influence the health of the population.
Material and methods. The quality of drinking water from the Prut river ecosystem was studied (water from aqueducts fed from the river, water from artesian wells, water from adjacent wells), health status of the population from riparian localities (Lipcani, Ungheni and Cahul). The correlations between these two indicators and the risk of population disease caused by water quality were calculated. Hygienic, epidemiological, sanitary-chemical and statistical methods of investigation were used.
Results. Following the study, the existence of small and medium correlative dependencies between the water quality indices from the aqueduct fed from the Prut River and the prevalence of the main groups of nosology of morbidity was highlighted. High direct correlative dependencies of health indices on water quality in artesian wells and wells were quantified. The values of the risk of genito-urinary, osteo-articular, digestive system, blood diseases/anemia, etc. were determined.
Conclusions. Finally, there was a causal relationship between the factors investigated and the health of the population, highlighting the risk of developing nosological forms.
An ALMA Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in Lynds 1641
Authors: Grant Sierra L. , Espaillat Catherine C. , Wendeborn John , Tobin John J. , Macías Enrique , Rilinger Anneliese , Ribas Álvaro , Thomas Megeath S. , Fischer William J. , Calvet Nuria , Hee Kim Kyoung 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present ALMA observations of 101 protoplanetary disks within the star-forming region Lynds 1641 in the Orion Molecular Cloud A. Our observations include 1.33 mm continuum emission and spectral windows covering the J = 2–1 transition of 12CO, 13CO, and C18O. We detect 89 protoplanetary disks in the dust continuum at the 4σ level (∼88% detection rate) and 31 in 12CO, 13 in 13CO, and 4 in C18O. Our sample contains 23 transitional disks, 20 of which are detected in the continuum. We target infrared-bright Class II objects, which biases our sample toward massive disks. We determine dust masses or upper limits for all sources in our sample and compare our sample to protostars in this region. We find a decrease in dust mass with evolutionary state. We also compare this sample to other regions surveyed in the (sub)millimeter and find that Lynds 1641 has a relatively massive dust disk population compared to regions of similar and older ages, with a median dust mass of

M
⊕ and 27% with dust masses equal to or greater than the minimum solar nebula dust mass value of ∼30 M
⊕. We analyze the disk mass–accretion rate relationship in this sample and find that the viscous disk lifetimes are similar to the age of the region, though with a large spread. One object, [MGM2012] 512, shows a large-scale (>5000 au) structure in both the dust continuum and the three gas lines. We discuss potential origins for this emission, including an accretion streamer with large dust grains.
Minimum Orbital Periods of H-rich Bodies
Authors: Rappaport S. , Vanderburg A. , Schwab J. , Nelson L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work we derive the minimum allowed orbital periods of H-rich bodies ranging in mass from Saturn’s mass to 1 M
⊙, emphasizing gas giants and brown dwarfs (BDs) over the range 0.0003–0.074 M
⊙. Analytic fitting formulae for

as a function of the mass of the body and as a function of the mean density are presented. We assume that the density of the host star is sufficiently high so as not to limit the minimum period. In many instances this implies that the host star is a white dwarf. This work is aimed, in part, toward distinguishing BDs from planets that are found transiting the host white dwarf without recourse to near-infrared or radial velocity measurements. In particular, orbital periods of ≲100 minutes are very likely to be BDs. The overall minimum period over this entire mass range is ≃37 minutes.
Hydration of Nebular Minerals through the Implantation–Diffusion Process
Authors: Jin Ziliang , Bose Maitrayee 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have detected structurally bound water in the refractory silicate minerals present in ordinary and enstatite chondrite meteorites. The mechanism for the incorporation of the hydrogen is not well defined. In this paper we quantitatively examine a two-fold process involving the implantation and diffusion of nebular hydrogen ions that is responsible for the hydration of the chondritic minerals. Our simulations show that depending on critical parameters, including the flux of the protons in nebular plasma, retention coefficient, temperature of the silicate minerals, and desorption rate of implanted hydrogen, the implantation of low-energy hydrogen ions can result in equivalent water contents of ∼0.1 wt% in chondritic silicates within 10 years. Thus, this novel mechanism operating in the nebula at 10−3 bar pressure and <650 K temperatures can efficiently hydrate the free-floating chondritic minerals prior to the rapid formation of planetesimals inside the snow line, and agree well with the wet accretion scenario for the inner solar system objects.
VERITAS Observations of the Galactic Center Region at Multi-TeV Gamma-Ray Energies
Authors: Adams C. B. , Benbow W. , Brill A. , Brose R. , Buchovecky M. , Capasso M. , Christiansen J. L. , Chromey A. J. , Daniel M. K. , Errando M. , Falcone A. , Feng Q. , Finley J. P. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Gent A. , Gillanders G. H. , Giuri C. , Hanna D. , Hervet O. , Holder J. , Hughes G. , Humensky T. B. , Jin W. , Kaaret P. , Kelley-Hoskins N. , Kertzman M. , Kieda D. , Krennrich F. , Kumar S. , Lang M. J. , Lundy M. , Maier G. , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , Nieto D. , Nievas-Rosillo M. , O’Brien S. , Ong R. A. , Otte A. N. , Pfrang K. , Pohl M. , Prado R. R. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Reynolds P. T. , Ribeiro D. , Richards G. T. , Roache E. , Ryan J. L. , Santander M. , Schlenstedt S. , Sembroski G. H. , Shang R. , Stevenson B. , Wakely S. P. , Weinstein A. , Williams D. A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Galactic Center (GC) region hosts a variety of powerful astronomical sources and rare astrophysical processes that emit a large flux of nonthermal radiation. The inner 375 pc × 600 pc region, called the Central Molecular Zone, is home to the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*, massive cloud complexes, and particle accelerators such as supernova remnants (SNRs). We present the results of our improved analysis of the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission above 2 TeV from the GC using 125 hr of data taken with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System imaging-atmospheric Cerenkov telescope between 2010 and 2018. The central source VER J1745–290, consistent with the position of Sagittarius A*, is detected at a significance of 38 standard deviations above the background level (38σ), and we report its spectrum and light curve. Its differential spectrum is consistent with a power law with exponential cutoff, with a spectral index of

, a flux normalization at 5.3 TeV of

TeV−1 cm−2 s−1, and cutoff energy of

TeV. We also present results on the diffuse emission near the GC, obtained by combining data from multiple regions along the GC ridge, which yield a cumulative significance of 9.5σ. The diffuse GC ridge spectrum is best fit by a power law with a hard index of 2.19 ± 0.20, showing no evidence of a cutoff up to 40 TeV. This strengthens the evidence for a potential accelerator of PeV cosmic rays being present in the GC. We also provide spectra of the other sources in our field of view with significant detections, composite SNR G0.9+0.1, and HESS J1746–285.
Catalog of One-side Head–Tail Galaxies in the FIRST Survey
Authors: Pan Tong , Yu Heng , van Weeren Reinout J. , Jia Shumei , Li Chengkui , Lyu Yipeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One-side head–tail (OHT) galaxies are radio galaxies with a peculiar shape. They usually appear in galaxy clusters, but they have never been cataloged systematically. We design an automatic procedure to search for them in the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters source catalog and compile a sample with 115 HT candidates. After cross-checking with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey photometric data and catalogs of galaxy clusters, we find that 69 of them are possible OHT galaxies. Most of them are close to the center of galaxy clusters. The lengths of their tails do not correlate with the projection distance to the center of the nearest galaxy clusters, but show weak anticorrelation with the cluster richness, and are inversely proportional to the radial velocity differences between clusters and host galaxies. Our catalog provides a unique sample to study this special type of radio galaxies.