bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness about Vulvovaginal Aesthetics Procedures among Medical Students and Health Professionals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Iqbal Shazia , Akkour Khalid , Bano Bushra , Hussain Ghaiath , Elhelow Manal Khalid Kamal Ali , Al-Mutairi Atheer Mansour , Aljasim Balqees Sami Khaza'l 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjective The present study aimed to explore the opinion and ethical consideration of vulvovaginal aesthetics procedures (VVAPs) among health professionals and medical students in Saudi Arabia.Methods This is a cross-sectional study performed between January 2020 and April 2020. Data was collected through electronic media, WhatsApp, and emails. The results were analyzed by applying the Students t-test, and correlations were considered significant if they presented a p-value < 0.05.Results There is significant demand to educate doctors, health professionals, medical students, and gynecologists for the VVAPs to have a solid foundation, justified indications, and knowledge about various aesthetic options. Although female doctors, medical students, young doctors, and gynecologists have more knowledge about VVAPs, all health professionals ought to be aware of recent trends in vulvovaginal aesthetics (VVA). The present analysis determined that VVA should be under the domain of gynecologists, rather than under that of plastic surgeons, general surgeons, and cosmetologists. The majority of the participants considered that vaginal rejuvenation, “G-spot” augmentation, clitoral surgery, and hymenoplasty are not justifiable on medical grounds.Conclusion The decision to opt for different techniques for vaginal tightening and revitalization should be taken very carefully, utilizing the shared decision-making approach. Ethical aspects and moral considerations are important key factors before embarking in the VVAPs purely for cosmetic reasons. Further research is required to determine the sexual, psychological, and body image outcomes for women who underwent elective VVAPs. Moreover, medical educators must consider VVAPs as part of the undergraduate and postgraduate medical curriculum.
Preventive Care Utilization among Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States
Authors: Fioravante Nicholas , Deal Jennifer A. , Willink Amber , Myers Clarice , Assi Lama 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHearing loss (HL) can negatively impact patient–provider communication and limit access to health promotion information, which may lead to decreased preventive care utilization. Using data from the 2015 and 2018 National Health Interview Survey, we examined the association between perceived HL with and without hearing aid use with self-reported age-appropriate uptake of breast and colon cancer screening, and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination. In models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, access to care, and health status, people with HL had lower odds of receiving breast cancer screening (odds ratio [OR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72–0.96) and higher odds of receiving pneumococcal vaccination (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.00–1.24) relative to those without HL. There were no differences in their colon cancer or influenza vaccination uptake. Compared with those without HL, people with HL who used hearing aids had increased odds of colon cancer screening and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination, while people with HL who did not use hearing aids were less likely to report cancer screening. Overall, Americans with untreated HL were less likely to report completing cancer screening. Hearing aid use may modify the association between HL and preventive care uptake. Screening for HL in primary care settings and communication trainings for providers may help reduce cancer screening disparities.
Comparison of Laboratory and Radiological Findings of Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women with Covid-19
Authors: Ozer Kadir Burak , Sakin Onder , Koyuncu Kazibe , Cimenoglu Berk , Demirhan Recep 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjective Covid-19 became a pandemic, and researchers have not been able to establish a treatment algorithm. The pregnant population is also another concern for health care professionals. There are physiological changes related to pregnancy that result in different laboratory levels, radiological findings and disease progression. The goal of the present article is to determine whether the laboratory results and radiological findings were different in non-pregnant women (NPWs) of reproductive age and pregnant women (PWs) diagnosed with the Covid-19 infection.Methods Out of 34 patients, 15 (44.11%) PWs and 19 (55.8%) NPWs were included in the study. Age, comorbidities, complaints, vitals, respiratory rates, computed tomography (CT) findings and stages, as well as laboratory parameters, were recorded from the hospital database.Results The mean age of the PWs was of 27.6 ±  0.99 years, and that of the NPWs was of 37.63 ±  2.00; when age was compared between the groups, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) was found. The mean systolic blood pressure of the PWs was of 116.53 ±  11.35, and that of the NPWs was of 125.53 ±  13.00, and their difference was statistically significant (p = 0.05). The difference in the minimum respiratory rates of the patients was also statistically significant (p = 0.05). The platelet levels observed among the PWs with Covid-19 were lower than those of the NPWs (185.40 ±  39.09 × 109/mcL and 232.00 ±  71.04 × 109/mcL respectively; p = 0.05). The mean D-dimer value of the PWs was lower in comparison to that of the NPWs (p < 0.05).Conclusion The laboratory findings and imaging studies may differ between pregnant and non-pregnant populations. It is important to properly interpret these studies. Future studies with a higher number of patients are required to confirm these preliminary data.
A Correlational Study on Taste Alterations and Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients
Authors: Wilson S. Darsana , Nair Chitra C. , Johns Christy , Mathew Christy , Joseph Dani , DSilva Precilla 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction One of the major problems faced by the world today is cancer. Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells. Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy are the treatment regimen for cancer. Prolonged use of chemotherapy drugs can cause different side effects such as alopecia, weight loss, sexual dysfunction, mood swings, and the most important one is taste alterations. The aim of the study is to determine the taste alterations (TAs) and quality of life (QOL) among cancer patients who have undergone three cycles of chemotherapy.
Methods The approach used is descriptive survey design. The sample comprised 62 cancer patients selected by convenient sampling. The tool used was baseline proforma, University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) questionnaire version 4.1, chemotherapy-induced taste alteration scale (CiTAS).
Results The majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 41 to 50 years (37.09%) among whom 40% were females. The majority of the patients were not diagnosed with any other disease (91.9%). Around 80.6% of patients reported to have sore mouth, out of whom 45.2% maintained oral care by brushing teeth. The most commonly seen type of tumor was head and neck (37.1%) whereas the tumor type genitourinary was the least seen (3.2%). The majority of the patients had stage II cancer (53.2%) and about 62% of them did not have metastasis. There is significant association with selected demographic variables and QOL (sore mouth, oral care, and tumor type). There is also a significant association with selected demographic variable and TAs, (oral care and tumor type) and there is a negative correlation between TAs and QOL.
Conclusion Identification of the severity of TA helps in providing alternative measures to improve the taste buds which may help in improving the QOL.
Metformin for Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with a Previous Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes: A Narrative Review
Authors: Versace Vincent L. , Beks Hannah , Wesley Hannah , McNamara Kevin , Hague William , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Mohan Viswanathan , Khunti Kamlesh , Dunbar James A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWomen with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) when compared with women who have not had GDM. To delay or prevent T2DM, guidelines recommend regular screening in the primary care setting and lifestyle interventions that are largely focused on dietary and physical activity modifications. As the postpartum period can be challenging for women, uptake and engagement in screening and lifestyle interventions have been poor. Poor uptake and engagement places women with a history of GDM at heightened risk for future morbidity and development of T2DM. Metformin has been a longstanding and safe treatment for the control of blood glucose in people with T2DM. Research has supported the efficacy of metformin, used as an adjunct to a lifestyle intervention or as a stand-alone treatment, in preventing T2DM in people at high risk of T2DM. Findings from longitudinal studies have demonstrated the potential for metformin to reduce conversion to T2DM when used by women with a previous diagnosis of GDM. This review examines the potential effectiveness of metformin to reduce the incidence of T2DM among women with a previous diagnosis of GDM in the “real-world” setting.
Fracture mechanics analysis of rock containing collinear cracks under dynamic blasting loads
Authors: Zhang Lingfei , Chen Zhonghui , Wang Jianming , Shen Zuodong , Yang Jihai 
Published: April 2021

Based on the superposition principle of fracture dynamics, the disturbance caused by dynamic blasting loads on the expansion of primary cracks in a typical slope was examined in this study. The stress intensity factor of the collinear double crack tip under the condition of mixed-mode dynamic and static loading was calculated. A dynamic response evaluation index was established, and the influence rules of blasting load amplitude, crack inclination angle, crack length, and crack spacing were analyzed theoretically. A collinear double-crack combination model was established and operated using ABAQUS software. The dynamic blasting load is shown to markedly increase crack propagation. Cracks with a 45° inclination angle are most intensely affected by the dynamic load. The crack length increases continuously as new cracks emerge under static load conditions; the dynamic load accelerates the penetration of the crack system. When the crack spacing is small, the penetration between them occurs more quickly. When the crack spacing increases to 10 mm, the unit shows multiple single crack failure modes. Response surface methodology was applied to obtain the multiple regression fitting function, which validates the theoretical analysis results. This work may provide a valuable reference for similar projects.
Mendelian randomization identifies blood metabolites previously linked to midlife cognition as causal candidates in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lord Jodie , Jermy Bradley , Green Rebecca , Wong Andrew , Xu Jin , Legido-Quigley Cristina , Dobson Richard , Richards Marcus , Proitsi Petroula 
Published: April 2021

Significance
The absence of disease-modifying therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continues, and an understanding of early, easily accessible biomarkers to inform treatment strategies remains elusive. This study uses knowledge of blood metabolites previously associated with midlife cognition—a preclinical predictor of AD—to systematically investigate causal associations with later AD status. Given that the pathological changes underlying AD are thought to develop years before clinical manifestations of the disease, developing these findings further could hold special utility in informing early treatment intervention.
Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies positivity and disease activity in Hispanic patients with established rheumatoid arthritis: An observational study
Authors: Vega-Morales David , Garza-Elizondo Mario A , Trouw Leendert A , Gonzalez-Torres Karina I , Torres-Lopez Ernesto , Eguia-Bernal Miryam , Loredo-Alanis Salvador A , Gracia-Arechiga Tayde S , Vazquez-Fuentes Brenda R , Castañeda-Martinez Diana D , Castañeda-Martinez Martha M , Elizondo-Solis Cesar V , Mendiola-Jimenez Andres , Salinas-Carmona Mario C , Herrera-Sandate Pablo , la Garza Jesus A Cardenas-de , Rodriguez-Sanchez Gerardo E , Galarza-Delgado Dionicio A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies in Mexican Hispanics with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to assess their relationship with disease activity.

Methods
A cohort study was conducted in 278 patients with established RA during an 18-month follow-up. We measured IgG/IgM/IgA rheumatoid factor (RF), IgG anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and IgG/IgM/IgA anti-CarP antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For disease activity, we performed the 28-joint disease activity score with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Repeated measures one-way ANOVA was used to test the association between anti-CarP IgG antibody status and longitudinal DAS28-ESR scores. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18 months during follow-up.

Results
Anti-CarP IgG antibodies were positive in 47.8% of patients and, accounting for all isotypes, in 9.5% of patients with negative RF and ACPA. Triple antibody positivity was present in 42.6% of patients in our sample. Anti-CarP IgG antibody positivity did not show statistically significant differences in mean DAS28-ESR when compared to anti-CarP IgG antibody negative patients at baseline, 6, 12 or 18 months.

Conclusion
Anti-CarP IgG antibodies are not associated to a higher disease activity in Hispanic patients with established RA. Our findings suggest that the clinical value of measuring anti-CarP antibodies in RA diminishes over time.
Force AFRIMETS supplementary comparison AFRIMETS.M.F-S2
Authors: Bangi Josephat Obwoge , Seidel Mark , Dlamini Sipho , Matosse James 
Published: April 2021

Main text
The Regional Metrology Organization AFRIMETS Technical Committee in Mass and related Quantities (TCM) Working Group Force (WGF) met in July 2018 in Enugu Nigeria during the 12th General Assembly (GA) and made a decision to carry out an AFRIMETS supplementary comparison for the unit of force. This comparison, named the AFRIMETS.M. F-S2 supplementary comparison, in the force range of 250 kN and 500 kN. This comparison was planned to demonstrate the degree of equivalence between the national standards of force and to provide evidence for the Calibration and Measurement Capability (CMCs) claimed by the participating National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) in the AFRIMETS region, and particularly the who did not participate in the global CCM.F-K2 KC. The AFRIMETS TCM approved that KEBS of Kenya to serve as the pilot laboratory. and PTB of Germany to would be link laboratories. Although not part of the AFRIMETS region, PTB from EURAMET was invited to participate and provided the reference values while NMISA provided the transfer standards used during the comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Addendum to ‘EPRL/FK asymptotics and the flatness problem’
Authors: Engle J , Kaminski W , Oliveira J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We show that, when an approximation used in this prior work is removed, the resulting improved calculation yields an alternative derivation, in the particular case studied, of the accidental curvature constraint of Hellmann and Kaminski. The result is at the same time extended to apply to almost all non-degenerate Regge-like boundary data and a broad class of face amplitudes. This resolves a tension in the literature.
Effects of high density phase transitions on neutron star dynamics
Authors: Liebling Steven L , Palenzuela Carlos , Lehner Luis 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Various theoretical arguments motivate an expectation of a phase transition in matter at extreme densities above nuclear density, accompanied by hopes that gravitational wave observations may reveal the properties of such a transition. Instead of adopting a particular theory, we consider here a generic form of first order phase transition using a piecewise polytropic equation of state, and evolve both isolated neutron stars and neutron star binaries, including unequal mass binaries and, in some cases, magnetic field, looking at dynamical effects. Of particular interest are effects that may be observable either via gravitational waves or electromagnetic observations.
Quadratic and cubic spherically symmetric black holes in the modified teleparallel equivalent of general relativity: energy and thermodynamics
Authors: Nashed G G L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In Bahamonde et al (2019 arXiv:1907.10858 [gr-qc]), a spherically symmetric black hole (BH) was derived from the quadratic form of f(T). Here we derive the associated energy, invariants of curvature, and torsion of this BH and demonstrate that the higher-order contribution of torsion renders the singularity weaker compared with the Schwarzschild BH of general relativity (GR). Moreover, we calculate the thermodynamic quantities and reveal the effect of the higher-order contribution on these quantities. Therefore, we derive a new spherically symmetric BH from the cubic form of

f

(

T

)

=
T
+
ϵ

1

2

α

T

2

+

1

3

β

T

3

, where ϵ ≪ 1, α, and β are constants. The new BH is characterized by the two constants α and β in addition to ϵ. At ϵ = 0 we return to GR. We study the physics of these new BH solutions via the same procedure that was applied for the quadratic BH. Moreover, we demonstrate that the contribution of the higher-order torsion,

1

2

α

T

2

+

1

3

β

T

3

, may afford an interesting physics.
Spherical surface and volume averages in electrostatics using Green’s reciprocity theorem
Authors: Kovács Vivien , Pálfalvi László 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the present work we apply Green’s reciprocity theorem for the determination of surface and volume averages of the potential and electric field over an imaginary sphere in an electrostatic field. To the best of our knowledge this approach has not been used so far for such averaging. The derived results have importance when studying the properties and behaviour of dielectric media.
The variational method applied to the harmonic oscillator in the presence of a delta function potential
Authors: Ghose Indrajit , Sen Parongama 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The problem of the harmonic oscillator with a centrally located delta function potential can be exactly solved in one dimension, where the eigenfunctions are expressed as superpositions of the Hermite polynomials or as confluent hypergeometric functions in general. The eigenfunctions obtained exactly are difficult to visualise and hence, to gain more insight, one can attempt to use model wave functions which are explicitly and simply expressed. Here, we apply the variational method to verify how closely one can approach the exact ground state eigenvalues using such trial wave functions. We obtain the estimates of the ground state energies, which are closer to the exact values in comparison to earlier approximate results for both the repulsive and attractive delta potentials.
Feshbach resonances of nonzero partial waves at different collision energies
Authors: Li Li-Hang , Hai Yang , Lyu Bing-Kuan , Wang Gao-Ren , Cong Shu-Lin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Taking the ultracold 85Rb–87Rb collision system as an example, we investigated the Feshbach resonances of nonzero partial waves above the threshold. The self-energy at the threshold, which represents the coupling strength between open and closed channels, is considered a critical parameter to quantitatively describe the properties of Feshbach resonances. The total elastic and inelastic cross sections are calculated as functions of the magnetic field B and collision energy E
col, ranging from 0.1 to 600 μK. For a large absolute value of the self-energy at the threshold, the resonance decays rapidly with increasing collision energy, and narrow resonances of nonzero partial waves can be clearly resolved in the contour plot of the inelastic cross section versus the collision energy and magnetic field. It was found that the resonance tail appeared at the given magnetic field when the cross section decreased from the maximal value of the resonance peak to the minimum value, where a long resonance tail indicates an appreciable resonance in a relatively large region of collision energy. This relationship between the self-energy and the properties of Feshbach resonances still exists in the thermally averaged inelastic rate coefficient. The bound-state energies for nonzero partial waves split owing to the spin–spin interaction, which results in multiple nearly-overlapping resonances. Both the spin–spin and second-order spin–orbit effects are included. However, multiple nearly-overlapping resonances for nonzero partial waves are difficult to resolve in thermally averaged rate coefficients.
Review of lead-free Bi-based dielectric ceramics for energy-storage applications
Authors: Li Lisong , Fan Pengyuan , Wang Mengqi , Takesue Naohisa , Salamon David , Vtyurin Alexander N , Zhang Yangjun , Tan Hua , Nan Bo , Lu Ya , Liu Laijun , Zhang Haibo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Dielectric energy-storage ceramics have the advantages of high power density and fast charge and discharge rates, and are considered to be excellent candidate materials for pulsed power-storage capacitors. At present, the application of dielectric energy-storage ceramics is hindered by their low energy density and the fact that most of them contain elemental lead. Therefore, lead-free dielectric energy-storage ceramics with high energy storage density have become a research hot spot. In this paper, we first present the requirements that dielectric energy-storage capacitors impose on the properties of ceramic materials. We then review our previous research work combined with research progress into bismuth (Bi)-based lead-free energy-storage ceramics including Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT), BiFeO3, and Bi0.2Sr0.7TiO3, in which the composition design ideas and related energy-storage characteristics of BNT-based lead-free energy-storage ceramics are emphasized. At the same time, we highlight the problems faced by Bi-based lead-free energy-storage ceramics and some strategies for addressing them. Finally, we examine the future prospects of research into Bi-based lead-free energy-storage ceramics.