bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ALKALOID EKSTRAK N-HEKSAN DAUN SUBANG-SUBANG (SCAEVOLA TACCADA L.)
Authors: Aji Nurwani Purnama 
Published: March 2021

un untuk dinikmati keindahannya saja, tetapi dapat juga bermanfaat sebagai bahan untuk mengobati berbagai jenis penyakit. Daun subang-subang merupakan bagian tumbuhan yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Adapun kandungan dari tumbuhan subang-subang (Scaevola taccada L.) adalah kumarin, terpenoid, alkaloid dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya kandungan senyawa alkaloid pada ekstrak N-Heksan daun subang-subang (Scaevola taccada L.).Simplisia daun subang-subang diekstraksi dengan N-Heksan dengan metode maserasi. Hasil ekstraksi kemudian dikentalkan dengan alat rotary evaporator. Jumlah ekstrak kental dari ekstrak N-Heksan Daun Subang-subang (Scaevola taccada L.) yang didapat yaitu sebanyak 0,84 gram dengan rendemen sebesar 0,84 %. Kemudian ekstrak N-Heksan daun subang-subang (Scaevola taccada L.) dilakukan uji alkaloid dengan metode “Culvenore-Fitzgerald”. Pengujian menggunakan beberapa tetes pereaksi mayer menunjukkan tidak adanya kabut putih hingga gumpalan putih, pereaksi wagner menunjukkan tidak adanya endapan coklat, dan pereaksi dragendorof menunjukkan tidak adanya endapan orange.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak N-Heksan daun subang-subang (Scaevola taccada L.) tidak mengandung alkaloid. Kata Kunci : Daun subang-subang, maserasi, n-heksan, metode “Culvenore-Fitzgerald”.
ASPEK HYGIENE DAN SANITASI DALAM PENGOLAHAN DAN PENYAJIAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN DI PESAWAT TERBANG
Authors: Fatchoelqorib Muhammad , Aqshani Winny Plumeria 
Published: March 2021

Metode penelitian kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teori Dasar (Grand Theory) dimana hasil yang tergambar adalah salah satu faktor penting dalam aspek Keamanan dan Keselamatan Penerbangan, kajian pendukung penting yang terkait adalah penyediaan makanan dan minuman yang dihidangkan untuk penumpang pesawat selama penerbangan. salah satu yang perlu kita kaji adalah tentang keamanan makanan dan minuman yang disajikan dalam penerbangan. Faktor keamanan pangan merupakan hal utama dan penting agar makanan dan minuman yang dikonsumsi tidak berdampak buruk dan membahayakan kesehatan penumpang. Kejadian keracunan makanan yang menimpa penumpang pada penerbangan jarak jauh (long range flight) bahkan dapat berakibat fatal hingga kematian karena terbatasnya fasilitas pengobatan yang tersedia di dalam pesawat. Terdapat beberapa regulasi yang dikeluarkan oleh badan otoritas kesehatan terkait yang khusus mengatur tentang standar keamanan pangan untuk catering penerbangan, dalam rangka menghasilkan produk makanan minuman yang aman dikonsumsi selama penerbangan. Tulisan ini akan membahas tentang aspek hygiene dan sanitasi dalam proses pengolahan dan penyajian makanan dan minuman di pesawat terbang baik dari segi regulasi, maupun operasional di lapangan. Dengan tulisan ini diharapkan pembaca akan mendapatkan wawasan tentang standar keamanan pangan penyediaan catering pesawat terbang dan betapa ketatnya upaya operator catering penerbangan dalam memenuhi persyaratan yang mendukung aspek keamanan dan keselamatan penerbanganPreparation of air catering is one of many aspects in implementation of flight safety and security. Study about security of air catering is very important to understanding how to prepare proper food and beferage in flight. Food poisones in flight case especialy for long range flight will cause fatalities for passenger who suffers because the limited of medical facilities in flight. There are some regulations concerning about the standard of security of air catering, to guide how to prepare save food and beverage consumed in flight. This journal will focus on hygiene and sanitation aspect in processing and preparing in flight catering concerning in legal aspect and field operationals aspect. Hopefully after read this journal the audiens will undertsand about how strick and complicated air catering operator in their role to meet the security and safety of flight.
THE ANALYSIS OF COLLOCATION IN DISCUSSION PAPERS AT AL MARKAZ FOR KHUDI ENLIGHTENING STUDIES (MAKES) IN MAKASSAR
Authors: Bustang Bustang 
Published: March 2021

The research is aimed to know lexical collocation in writing production committed by MAKES Member at al Markaz for Khudi Enlightening Studies (MAKES) Makassar. The result of this research is expected to give benefits for the EFL/ESL learner especially in using English collocation in all English skills. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The populaton of this research is about 30 respondents and sampling 15, period of 2015-2016. In this research the writer took only 4 selected writing productions to be analyzed. The analysis data indicated that there were lexical collocations in each informant’s writings. Although, there were a tendency of difficulty of informants to use lexical collocation type L3. These showed by the higher number of errors occurrence in this type. Moreover, the errors occurrence, in fact, mostly, affected by the lack of understanding of the using collocation, negative transfer from their native language and the improper way in assembling the two-words. It was stated that the MAKES members need to improve their English comprehensively, particularly the awareness of using the correct and effective lexical collocation in their writing production
Hydrotermální karbonáty a termometrie žilné mineralizace v terciérních vulkanitech u Uherského Brodu
Authors: Rusnáková Katarína , Slobodník Marek , Milovský Rastislav 
Published: March 2021

Hydrothermal mineralization in the Bučník quarry near Uherský Brod is the best locality for the study of this type of mineralization in the Outer Western Carpathians. The studied sulfide vein mineralization is genetically linked to Tertiary volcanics and represents a distance manifestation of the same vein type in the metallogenetic region of the Central Slovakian Volcanic Field.Study of vein structure, ore textures and structures, chemical composition of carbonates, isotope thermometry (isotopic composition of sulfur sphalerite/galena) and fluid inclusions, including microthermometry, shows that mineralization occurred under complex and variable conditions. Carbonates, defined as calcites with a proportion of Fe and Mn, dolomites and Fe- and Mn-dolomites, Mg-ankerites, show a highly variable chemical composition clearly documented as fine zones in CL-microscopy and BSE images.Fluid inclusions contain the aqueous system H2O-NaCl and H2O-NaCl + MgCl2 + FeCl2-3. Fluid salinity ranges from 2.7 to 14.7 mass% NaCl eq. whereas it is higher for sphalerite than for carbonates. The same trend is for homogenization temperatures in the range of 121-272 °C.Isotopic thermometry in combination with microthermometry shows a relatively wide probable range of temperature conditions. The younger carbonate mineralization may begin at temperatures of 125 °C and around 200 °C may overlap with a temperature of sulfide association that ranges from 170 °C to 335 °C. Isotopic thermometry also suggests possible higher temperatures up to 450 °C and above, but these highest temperatures are rather unlikely. The wide temperature range in which the mineralization originated is in accordance with the development of the hydrothermal system in a very dynamic environment in terms of tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal. The studied hydrothermal system has a number of physico-chemical parameters similar to vein systems in the Central Slovakian volcanics region.
The association between prior physical fitness and depression in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic—a cross-sectional, retrospective study
Authors: Dun Yaoshan , Ripley-Gonzalez Jeffrey W. , Zhou Nanjiang , Li Qiuxia , Chen Meijuan , Hu Zihang , Zhang Wenliang , Thomas Randal J. , Olson Thomas P. , Liu Jie , Dong Yuchen , Liu Suixin 
Published: March 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a spike in deleterious mental health. This dual-center retrospective cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of depression in young adults during this pandemic and explored its association with various physical fitness measures.

Methods
This study enrolled 12,889 (80% female) young adults (mean age 20 ± 1) who performed a National Student Physical Fitness battery from December 1st, 2019, to January 20th, 2020, and completed a questionnaire including Beck’s Depression Inventory in May 2020. Independent associations between prior physical fitness and depression during the pandemic were assessed using multivariable linear and binary logistic regressions accordingly, covariates including age, dwelling location, economic level, smoking, alcohol, living status, weight change, and exercise volume during the pandemic. Sex- and baseline stress-stratified analyses were performed.

Results
Of the study population 13.9% of men and 15.0% of women sampled qualified for a diagnosis of depression. After multivariable adjustment, anaerobic (mean change 95% CI −3.3 [−4.8 to 1.8]) aerobic (−1.5 [−2.64 to −0.5]), explosive (−1.64 [−2.7 to −0.6]) and muscular (−1.7 [−3.0 to −0.5]) fitness were independently and inversely associated with depression for the overall population. These remained consistent after sex- and baseline stress-stratification. In binary logistic regression, the combined participants with moderate, high or excellent fitness also showed a much lower risk compared to those least fit in anaerobic (odd ratio (OR) 95% CI 0.68 [0.55–0.82]), aerobic (0.80 [0.68–0.91]), explosive (0.72 [0.61–0.82]), and muscular (0.66 [0.57–0.75]) fitness.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that prior physical fitness may be inversely associated with depression in young adults during a pandemic.
Comparison of Axial Length Measurements with the Use of Optical Biometry (IOL Master 700) and Ultrasound Biometry (A‐scan 550 Sonomed)
Authors: Pateras E. , Karadimou D. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: To compare measurements of axial length obtained with A-scan and IOL Master. The study was design to collect the axial length values resulting from the application of both methods on the same eye (R.E.) and then to compare them.
Methodology Place and Duration of Study: 50 healthy patients selected randomly after visiting the clinic for daily routine examination. at the general hospital of Athens “Korgialenio – Benakio” were invited to participate in the study. The study took place in collaboration of University of West Attica Dept Biomedical Science Course Optics & Optometry with the general hospital of Athens “Korgialenio – Benakio”. Axial length measurements were obtained both by contact ultrasound (A‐scan 550 Sonomed, Lake Success, NY, USA) and by non‐contact laser interferometry (IOL Master 700 SWEPT Source Biometry). Two sets of measurements were repeated by a single examiner for each method.
Results: A total of 50 eyes in 50 patients were evaluated. All participants volunteer to participate in this study. Estimates of axial length obtained with the two techniques were highly correlated. Axial lengths obtained with the contact method (mean 24.23mm, SD 1.64mm) were lower than those obtained with the non‐contact method (mean 23.29mm, SD 1.59mm) and the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.150). The coefficient of variation was lower with non‐contact laser interferometry (6.58%) than with the ultrasound technique (6.76%).
Conclusion: Similar estimates of axial length are obtained using contact and non‐contact techniques, with the latter producing higher measurements results than the former. The A-scan and the non‐contact laser interferometry device (IOL Master 700) provide both reproducible results with similar the accuracy of measurements of axial length in the clinical setting.
Screening of Methanolic Extract for Antimicrobial Activity of Hyphaene thebaica L. Fruit Pulp from Sudanese Folklore
Authors: Abdallah Emad M. 
Published: March 2021

Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the methanolic extract of the fruit pulp of Hyphaene thebaica (Doum), a famous natural product in Sudan.
Methods: Agar-well diffusion test and minimum inhibition diffusion test (MIC).
Results: The investigation revealed that the extract showed no antifungal effect against Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. While it exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA 1026 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145. Whereas, weak antibacterial activity was recorded with Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 and Escherichia coli ATCC 1637.
Conclusion: The fruit pulp of Hyphaene thebaica (Doum) has good antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Accordingly, the consumption of this fruit would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of its antibacterial activity, and further studies using different bacterial strains and clinical pathogens are recommended.
Não serei interrompida: o processo de silenciamento feminino no espaço político brasileiro
Authors: Coelho Naiara , Volotão Amanda 
Published: March 2021

<span>O presente artigo tem por objetivo averiguar o processo de silenciamento das mulheres no ambiente político brasileiro, com base na proposição analítica de três planos fundamentais: a ausência ou baixa representação de minorias no espaço político; a negação sistemática de participação da voz feminina nos ambientes de debate; e a interdição permanente de discursos contra-hegemônicos entoados por vozes subalternas. Para tanto, parte da premissa de que o cenário político brasileiro se apresenta como um espaço frutífero para se pensar a violência simbólica sofrida pelos sujeitos femininos, a partir da operacionalização de formas que resultam na invisibilização das mulheres. Além de trazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a participação de minorias na esfera política, atentando para as diferenças entre uma <em>política de ideias</em> e uma <em>política de presença</em>, o estudo discorre sobre a prática do <em>manterrupting</em> no meio governamental, destacando tanto as problemáticas em categorizá-lo como micromachismo, quanto a relevância do discurso como próprio objeto de disputa. Em um segundo momento, analisa o assassinato da vereadora Marielle Franco como a representação máxima de interdição de uma voz e, ainda, reflete sobre os efeitos dessa tentativa de silenciamento, considerando a reverberação das pautas defendidas por Franco. </span>
Partial Coated Stem Cells with Bioinspired Silica as New Generation of Cellular Hybrid Materials
Authors: Maciel Marta M. , Correia Tiago R. , Gaspar Vítor M. , Rodrigues João M. M. , Choi Insung S. , Mano João F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe manipulation of cell surfaces in anchorage‐dependent cells can help overcome difficulties presented during cell handling and application. Silica‐based protective mechanisms existing in free‐floating microorganisms may be used as inspiration for sustaining human cell survival in suspension. Gathering on this, herein human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) are partially coated with a hard silica layer that operates as a supporting platform for individual cells in suspension. Inspired by the organic templates involved in biosilicification, a novel chitosan (CHT) derivative displaying fully natural quaternary amine moieties is synthetized via a rapid, one‐pot strategy. Silicification is promoted on individual hASCs surfaces via a two‐step process: a priming step onto previously adhered cell with this CHT derivative, followed by a biocompatible sol–gel process. hASCs holding a silica backpack exhibit enhanced cell survival in suspension conditions and can spread and acquire a more adherent phenotype. This new protocol for cell‐surface modification also provides a new generation of hybrid materials with functionalization of the silica backpack, which can be applied to different areas such as tissue engineering, biosensing, drug delivery, and targeted cell‐based therapies.
Highly Efficient and Rapid Inactivation of Coronavirus on Non‐Metal Hydrophobic Laser‐Induced Graphene in Mild Conditions
Authors: Huang Libei , Gu Meijia , Wang Zhaoyu , Tang Tsz Wing , Zhu Zonglong , Yuan Yuncong , Wang Dong , Shen Chao , Tang Ben Zhong , Ye Ruquan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe prevalence of COVID‐19 has caused global dysfunction in terms of public health, sustainability, and socio‐economy. While vaccination shows potential in containing the spread, the development of surfaces that effectively reduces virus transmission and infectivity is also imperative, especially amid the early stage of the pandemic. However, most virucidal surfaces are operated under harsh conditions, making them impractical or potentially unsafe for long‐term use. Here, it is reported that laser‐induced graphene (LIG) without any metal additives shows marvelous antiviral capacities for coronavirus. Under low solar irradiation, the virucidal efficacy of the hydrophobic LIG (HLIG) against HCoV‐OC43 and HCoV‐229E can achieve 97.5% and 95%, respectively. The photothermal effect and the hydrophobicity of the HLIG synergistically contribute to the superior inactivation capacity. The stable antiviral performance of HLIG enables its multiple uses, showing advantages in energy saving and environmental protection. This work discloses a potential method for antiviral applications and has implications for the future development of antiviral materials.
Synchronous Promotion in Sodiophilicity and Conductivity of Flexible Host via Vertical Graphene Cultivator for Longevous Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lu Chen , Gao Zhixiao , Liu Bingzhi , Shi Zixiong , Yi Yuyang , Zhao Wen , Guo Wenyue , Liu Zhongfan , Sun Jingyu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSodium (Na) metal batteries are nowadays appealing due to high specific capacity and low cost. However, major caveats including severe Na dendrite growth, unstable solid electrolyte interphase formation, and poor mechanical robustness have hampered its practicability. In this report, a highly sodiophilic and conductive host harnessing hierarchical vertical graphene (VG) cultivator and Co nanoparticle/N‐doped carbon decorator (Co‐VG/CC) is designed to accommodate Na metal throughout a facile infusion route. The strong interaction between Co‐VG/CC and Na is realized by sodiophilic Co nanoparticle/N‐doped carbon hybrid, resulting in excellent structural stability of the electrode. The well‐regulated Na adsorption behavior and uniform stripping/plating mechanism is systematically investigated via theoretical simulation in harmonization with in situ/ex situ electroanalytical analysis. In consequence, as‐derived Na@Co‐VG/CC electrode effectively inhibits the dendrite formation, resulting in promising electrochemical performances in symmetric cell configuration (functioning at an elevated rate of 5.0 mA cm−2 under 5.0 mAh cm−2 for 280 h, delivering a high capacity of 6.0 mAh cm−2 at 3.0 mA cm−2 for 1000 h and maintaining an ultralong lifespan up to 2000 h). Meanwhile, assembled flexible Na metal battery full cell can sustain to work for 120 h, representing a great advance in practical energy storage applications.
Hemagglutinin Functionalized Liposomal Vaccines Enhance Germinal Center and Follicular Helper T Cell Immunity
Authors: Vu Mai N. , Kelly Hannah G. , Tan Hyon‐Xhi , Juno Jennifer A. , Esterbauer Robyn , Davis Thomas P. , Truong Nghia P. , Wheatley Adam K. , Kent Stephen J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite remarkable successes of immunization in protecting public health, safe and effective vaccines against a number of life‐threatening pathogens such as HIV, ebola, influenza, and SARS‐CoV‐2 remain urgently needed. Subunit vaccines can avoid potential toxicity associated with traditional whole virion‐inactivated and live‐attenuated vaccines; however, the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines is often poor. A facile method is here reported to produce lipid nanoparticle subunit vaccines that exhibit high immunogenicity and elicit protection against influenza virus. Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) immunogens are functionalized on the surface of liposomes via stable metal chelation chemistry, using a scalable advanced microfluidic mixing technology (NanoAssemblr). Immunization of mice with HA‐liposomes elicits increased serum antibody titers and superior protection against highly pathogenic virus challenge compared with free HA protein. HA‐liposomal vaccines display enhanced antigen deposition into germinal centers within the draining lymph nodes, driving increased HA‐specific B cell, and follicular helper T cell responses. This work provides mechanistic insights into highly protective HA‐liposome vaccines and informs the rational design and rapid production of next generation nanoparticle subunit vaccines.
Photodetectors of 2D Materials from Ultraviolet to Terahertz Waves
Authors: Qiu Qinxi , Huang Zhiming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract2D materials are considered to be the most promising materials for photodetectors due to their unique optical and electrical properties. Since the discovery of graphene, many photodetectors based on 2D materials have been reported. However, the low quantum efficiency, large noise, and slow response caused by the thinness of 2D materials limit their application in photodetectors. Here, recent progress on 2D material photodetectors is reviewed, covering the spectrum from ultraviolet to terahertz waves. First the interaction of 2D materials with light is analyzed in terms of optical physics. Then the present methods to improve the performance of 2D material photodetectors are summarized, such as defect engineering, p–n junctions and hybrid detectors, and the issue of serious overestimation of the performance in reported photodetectors based on 2D materials is discussed. Next, a comparison of 2D material photodetectors with traditional commercially available detectors shows that it is difficult to balance the current 2D material photodetectors with regard to having simultaneously both high sensitivity and fast response. Finally, a possible novel EIW mechanism is suggested to advance the performance of 2D material photodetectors in the future.
General Design Methodology for Organic Eutectic Electrolytes toward High‐Energy‐Density Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Zhang Changkun , Chen Hui , Qian Yumin , Dai Gaole , Zhao Yu , Yu Guihua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBy virtue of strong molecular interactions, eutectic electrolytes provide highly concentrated redox‐active materials without other auxiliary solvents, hence achieving high volumetric capacities and energy density for redox flow batteries (RFBs). However, it is critical to unveil the underlying mechanism in this system, which will be undoubtedly beneficial for their future research on high‐energy storage systems. Herein, a general formation mechanism of organic eutectic electrolytes (OEEs) is developed, and it is found that molecules with specific functional groups such as carbonyl (CO), nitroxyl radical (NO•), and methoxy (OCH3) groups can coordinate with alkali metal fluorinated sulfonylimide salts (especially for bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, TFSI), thereby forming OEEs. Molecular designs further demonstrate that the redox‐inactive methoxy group functionalized ferrocene derivative maintains the liquid OEE at both reduced and oxidized states. Over threefold increase in solubility is obtained (2.8 m for ferrocene derivative OEE) and high actual discharge energy density of 188 Wh L‐1 (75% of the theoretical value) is achieved in the Li hybrid cell. The established mechanism presents new ways of designing desirable electrolytes through molecular interactions for the development of high‐energy‐density organic RFBs.