bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the subsurface sedimentary structure of Amarapura township (Mandalay Region) based on microtremor survey
Authors: Thein P S , Kyaw K M O , Kiyono J , Pramumijoyo S , Nu T T , Khaing K H , Than W M , Win T T , Thant M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the underground structure for Amarapura township, Mandalay region. One of the major structures in Myanmar is the Sagaing Fault system. Several powerful earthquakes have struck along the Sagaing Fault during recent years, one of the largest of which was an M 7.0 event that occurred on July 16, 1956 and caused several casualties. Following the event, we conducted a microtremor survey to estimate the shaking intensity distribution during the earthquake. Seven boreholes were drilled throughout the basin, especially in Amarapura township to evaluate the geotechnical properties of subsurface soil layers. The H/V analysis of the noise measurements reveals frequency peak values ranging from 0.5 to 3 Hz on the Amarapura township. The shear wave velocity becomes less than 190 m/s in some areas, which causes severe damage for buildings in high probability. The sediment thickness values range from less than 50 m to greater than 320 m on Amarapura township, Mandalay region. In this way, the accomplished work has contributed to the characterization of the underground structure and the identification of sites prone to amplify soil shaking during a possible strong earthquake.
Regression kriging analysis for predicting the shallow depth water from Sentinel-2 satellite multi-spectral images, study area: Coastline of Florida, USA
Authors: Dewanto B G , Arifianto I , Suhendi C , Fittipaldi M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The shallow depth water mapping has become important to the study of morphology and resources management of the coastal area. Moreover, for city or urban planning, it can be used for determining the proper location for seaport or tourist destination areas such as diving spots, coral reef monitoring, etc. However, the acquisition of shallow depth water data in a large area is somehow costly. In this paper, we represent an approach of mapping the high accuracy bathymetry with input from open satellite access data and some point measurement of bathymetry in the field (can be from LiDAR, Fathometer, Single Beam, or Multi-Beam). The study area is located in the Florida coastline, the USA that has satellite data from Sentinel-2 while the bathymetry is from a single beam survey. The method is combining satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) with the regression kriging analysis, which shows a better depth water prediction compared to the SDB alone or the ordinary kriging method. The statistical result of the bathymetry shows the regression kriging has a better mean value, standard deviation and coefficient correlation compared to the true bathymetry value. Thus, this method can be utilized as an alternative method to map shallow depth water.
Petrogenesis of Botorubuh igneous rocks at Gunungkidul: A preliminary study for paleomagmatism phenomenon in the southern beach of Yogyakarta - Indonesia
Authors: Sari Y K , Titisari A D , Warmada I W , Hakim F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Botorubuh Beach is located at Southern Beach of Gunungkidul, in the Southern Mountain of Yogyakarta - Indonesia and is a promontory composed of Middle - Late Miocene igneous rock with a columnar jointing structure. This isolated igneous rock area is surrounded by limestone. Therefore, the regional geological map of Surakarta-Giritontro classifies this area as the Punung-Wonosari Formation which is dominated by limestone. Because of the geological phenomenon of the isolated igneous rock area, it is necessary to study the petrogenesis of the igneous rocks at the area. The petrogenesis research is based on a preliminary study of the petrographical and geochemical characteristics of this igneous rock samples. The petrographic identification of andesite samples shows porphyritic, trachytic, oscillatory zoning, and sieve textures. The results of geochemical analysis (major and trace elements) show that the rock samples are are classified to andesite rocks and calc-alkaline suites. These rocks are enriched in LILEs (Rb, Ba, K) and depleted in HFSEs (Nb, Ti, Ce). Additionally, REE shows a slight enrichment of light-REE and a slight negative anomaly of Eu. The patterns of the trace elements including REE show a typical pattern of calc alkaline arc. Petrographical and geochemical characteristics suggest evidence of magma differentiation process, that is by a mechanism of crystallization fractionation. The andesite was formed in relation to a Middle – Late Miocene paleomagmatism and the Late Miocene-Pliocene subduction zone.
Textural and mineralogical characteristics of sand grains of Oyo River Deposit at Yogyakarta, Indonesia: implications on sedimentation and origin
Authors: Lubis I F , Titisari A D , Irsani N S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Oyo river deposit is one of the potential resources for small scale sand mining in Yogyakarta. The deposit extends along the upstream to downstream area of the river. A detailed study on textural and mineralogical characterization is aimed for better understanding of Oyo River sedimentation and provenance. Ten sediment samples were analyzed by using granulometry method, these include grain size, morphological and mineralogical analysis. The result shows that the average of grain size changes from coarse sand (0.88 mm) in the upstream to medium sand (0.37 mm) in the downstream. Sorting value is dominated by moderately sorted (0.7lφ - 0.94φ), skewness is dominated by very fine skewed (0.3φ - l.l0φ), and kurtosis is dominated by extremely leptokurtic (2.8φ - 6.5φ). Meanwhile for the grain shape is dominated by oblate and bladed, sphericity changes from elongate to subequant, roundness is dominated by subangular and subequant. Mineralogical composition consists of magnetite, hematite, pyroxene, amphibole, quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragment. Plotting result on triangular QFL (Quartz Feldspar Lithic-fragment) diagram shows that the provenance of Oyo River sand deposit is coming from dissected arc tectonic setting.
Effects of the spatial and temporal resolution of meteorological data on the accuracy of precipitation estimation by means of CNN
Authors: Nagasato T , Ishida K , Yokoo K , Kiyama M , Amagasaki M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Future climate projections are valuable datasets to investigate the impacts of future climate changes on natural disasters such as intense precipitation, severe flood, and drought. However, they are too coarse depending on the purpose, and downscaling is required in such a case. There is nowadays a downscaling technique using deep learning such as CNN. Atmospheric information can be used as an input for precipitation downscaling by means of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). For such precipitation downscaling, the spatial and temporal resolution of the atmospheric information may be important. This study obtained atmospheric information from a coarser reanalysis dataset and a finer reanalysis dataset as input for precipitation downscaling. As a coarser reanalysis dataset, ERA-Interim was selected. As a finer reanalysis dataset, ERA5 was utilized. Then, this study investigated the effect of spatial and temporal resolution of input data on the estimation accuracy of precipitation downscaling by CNN. For simplification, daily average precipitation at a watershed was used as the target data. The results show advantage of the use of a higher resolution as input can improve the model accuracy.
Gas geochemistry analysis in Candradimuka Crater, Mount Lawu, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Bagaskara M F , Oktaviani A D , Setyadi R , Yoga D A , Sahdarani D N , Kurniadi D T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mount Lawu is a stratovolcano in Central Java that holds a large geothermal energy potential. Within Mount Lawu Geothermal Area, several thermal manifestations could be located one of them being Candradimuka Crater located at the proximity of Mount Lawu peak. This study aims to assess the gas geochemistry in Candradimuka Crater by obtaining gas sample within the crater area. Gas geochemistry analysis uses geothermometer, geoindicator, and N2-He-Ar ternary diagram to analyse the subsurface condition. The analysis reveals that the fluid circulating in the crater originated from meteoric water and that Mount Lawu reservoir temperature ranged between 250°C - 289°C. Based on geological observation and gas geochemistry, Candradimuka Crater is located within the upflow zone of Mount Lawu.
Characteristics and utilization of clay minerals in Kuwu Mud Volcano, Kradenan District, Grobogan Regency, Central Java Province
Authors: S Sari I G A A , Warmada I W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The benefits of clay minerals are currently numerous. Therefore, this study aims to determine clay minerals’ characteristics in the mud material recommended for use, especially in the ceramic and cosmetic industry. This research is located in Bledug Kuwu, in Kuwu Village, Kradenan District, Grobogan Regency, Central Java Province. Bledug Kuwu produces mudflows composed of gravel, sand, silt, plastic clay, and water. Field observations and sampling were carried out on any differences in the morphology of the existing mud volcanoes, namely inactive craters and active griffins, with an average area of about 0.8–5 meters of mud material distribution. Samples were prepared to analyze X-ray diffraction (XRD), cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, grain size distribution, plasticity test, swelling test, shrinkage limit test, and specific gravity. The results of the analysis show that the dominant clay minerals were smectite, followed by kaolinite and illite minerals, with dominant clay to silt grain sizes, plasticity levels of 24.78% to 55.48%, swelling percentage of 7.8%. up to 12.5%, with shrinkage limits of 9.36% to 14.83%, specific gravity values of 2.50–2.84, cation exchange capacity (CEC) values of 9.96–20.47 meq/100g, and the pH value shows the numbers 8.01– 8.40. These characteristics can be recommended to use clay minerals as raw material for cosmetics and ceramics.
Overpressure’s top and generating mechanism in “APR” block, North Sumatra offshore area
Authors: Pradana A , Setyowiyoto J , Prasetyo B , Haidar W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The offshore North Sumatra Basin is one of the hydrocarbon-prone basins in Indonesia. The Malacca Formation acts as the reservoir in this basin. However, there are some drilling problems caused by abnormal pore pressures. Overpressure analysis is carried out so that drilling activities are avoided from drilling problems such as kicks, blowouts, stuck pipes, loss circulation, and collapse. This study aims to analyze the overpressure in the “APR” block, offshore North Sumatra Basin, which includes determine the depth of the top overpressure and the mechanism of overpressure formation. In the research area, analysis of 3 exploration wells was carried out. Overpressure is analyzed based on well log data, and pressure test data using the Eaton method (1975) supported by other data such as LOT (Leak-Off Test) data, drilling reports, mudlogs. At Well A, top overpressure depth is ± 3235 ft TVDSS (true vertical depth sub sea). At Well P, top overpressure depth is ± 3065 ft TVDSS, and at Well R, top overpressure depth is ± 2901 ft TVDML (true vertical depth mud line). The overpressure generating mechanism in the study area is caused by the loading mechanism (disequilibrium compaction) and caused by the nonloading mechanism (hydrocarbon buoyancy).
Reservoirs resistivity correction factor in low resistivity pyritic sandstone reservoirs
Authors: Winardi S , Surjono S S , Amijaya D H , Suryanto W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The presence of pyrite in sandstone reservoirs will cause a problem known as low resistivity reservoirs case. The impact of pyrite volume in sandstone reservoirs is very important to be determined, especially to conduct its resistivity correction factor (Rcf). This research was done in the laboratory used nine sandstone pseudo-cores with various pyrite contents. Some data parameters such as voltage (V) and current (I) are directly measured and others (resistance R and reservoirs resistivity Rt) are calculated. The resistivity of pseudo-core data is calculated using the combined method between Ohm Law and Wenner. The result of this research shows that pyrite will reduce sandstone reservoirs resistivity exponentially. Pyrite will significantly reduce reservoirs resistivity if its presence > 4% and the Rt needs to be corrected. Plotting data between Rt and pyrite volume number for every Sw line can guide us to build a resistivity correction factor (Rcf). This Rcf will drive us to obtain the original resistivity reservoirs (Rto) from apparent well log resistivity reading (Ra) in case of low resistivity caused by pyrite mineral.
Petrographic composition of coke product from Batu Ayau Formation Coking Coal, Kutai Basin, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Farhan M L , Amijaya D H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Batu Ayau Formation in the Kutai Basin has coking coal deposits that have the potential to be processed into coke. Analysis using organic petrography method is an important parameter to identify the composition of the coke product to determine the coke quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of the coke products made from coking coal of Batu Ayau Formation in Kutai Basin, Central Kalimantan. Petrographic analysis on 12 samples obtained in Kal-Teng seam showed that the percentage of coke products varied. Carbon in the binder phase is 85.60 - 92 vol.%, then the form of carbon in the filler phase is 7.45- 13.64 vol.% and a small part of other than carbon material (miscellaneous categories) of 0-0.73% vol. The dominance of inert organic as a filler of the coke wall was identified. The studied coke which is originally made from coking coal with moderate volatile values shows that the coke is ideal in term of its petrographic composition.
Ways to solve ecological problems of natural ecosystems amid constantly increasing anthropogenic load
Authors: Bandurin M A , Bandurina I P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article describes the impact of human activities on the environment. In general, arable farming leads to more significant changes in natural biocenoses than cattle breeding. Steppes plowing, deforestation and forest burning aimed to obtain arable land as well as construction of irrigation systems have radically changed the natural landscapes. The article considers the state of natural ecosystems to date. The work emphasizes that the main receiver of pollution is water bodies, mostly small rivers. The need for measures aimed to reduce the degree of environmental pollution, specifically, at minimizing anthropogenic impacts on nature, is noted. The most significant changes in nature occurred with the development of industry. Industrial production has required more and more natural resources in the economic turnover. In connection with their intensive exploitation, the share of lands used for industrial development of minerals, the construction of roads, settlements, and the creation of reservoirs has increased. The exploitation of natural resources being spontaneous and ever-increasing in its pace and scale leads to their rapid depletion and increasing environment pollution. Substantially, man, engaged in agriculture, created new artificial (anthropogenic) systems being agrocenoses, deliberately controlled by the selection of cultivated plants, reclamation, agricultural technology, the use of fertilizers and pesticides, harvesting, etc.
Kinetics of cyclone dust flotation separation in polluting industries
Authors: Kolosov A D , Kondrat’ev V V , Guseva E A , Konstantinova M V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article describes the study of the kinetics of flotation separation of silicate and carbon dust phases of silicon cyclones. For research, we selected 50 samples of dust gas purification production of silicon to the Silicon situated in the city of Shelekhov of the Irkutsk region. The dust caught by bag filters can be applied as an additive in concrete, rubber products or subjected to processing for expansion of a scope of application. Silicate and carbonate phase of the cyclone dust silicon production separately represent the products in demand. The cost depends on the degree of purity, structure and particle size distribution. Describes the basic dependence of the flotation nanoscale this part of carbon and microsilica. Micro particles inherent in the formation of stable heterogeneous conglomerates. Dissimilar particles can both be introduced into the foam product and remain in the chamber reducing the quality of concentrates. To solve this problem, pulp conditioning is used with the help of sonochemical installations, which contributes to the separation of a large number of conglomerates. The effect of aeration on the flotation process of nanoscale particles is described. Conducting experiments on laboratory experimental flotation machine in different modes and with different flotation reagents. A method of conditioning the pulp, which increases the efficiency of flotation and, as a consequence, the quality of the output products. The dependences of the foam layer height on the concentration of the foaming agent, the dependence of the quality and quantity of the output products on the time and flotation regime are constructed. Important conditions for providing a high degree of separation of micro-sized media are determined. This solution was developed for the enrichment of the cyclone dust gas purification silicon. The study identified the main features of the flotation separation of silicate and carbon phases of cyclone dust. The technical solutions allowing to make effective separation despite the revealed features are offered. Application of this technology leads to reduction of sludge accumulation near silicon plants and production of innovative modifiers for various industries.
Designing the power supply system of the region with the integration of hydrogen energy facilities
Authors: Ageev V A , Golobokov S V , Dushutin K A , Pyataev Yu K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the methodology of designing a distribution network by the example of the Penza region in Russia. We performed a simulation of operating modes and optimization of the distribution network topology. The power balance in the power system was performed in autonomous mode. Recommendations were given on the placement of renewable energy sources (RES) on the ground and the selection of their capacity. The total capacity of renewable energy generation facilities exceeds the design load 3 times. A balancing load is included in the power system to increase the efficiency of renewable energy generation facilities. Electrolysis hydrogen stations consume excess electricity generation during the periods of favourable weather conditions. Hydrogen is stored in the warehouses and can be used at the thermal power plants during periods when weather conditions are unfavourable and the generation of renewable energy sources is insufficient to supply the region.
Analysis of the heat recovery potential in the classroom
Authors: Nikitina V A , Nikitin A A , Sulin A B , Ryabova T V , Makatov K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Buildings especially heating systems consume a prodigious amount of energy. In this case, the heated exhaust air from the premises is simply thrown out into the external environment, into the street. In this work, such air is considered as a secondary energy resource formed from the internal loads of the room. The study of the dynamics of changes in the power of internal loads and their influence on the operation of the heat exchanger installed on the exhaust was carried out using the Energy Plus software package. The simulation result showed the potential of using the heat of the exhaust air as an energy resource. The recovered heat from the extract air can be used to partially reduce the energy consumption for the heating system.
Research of the features of measuring ozone-depleting substances
Authors: Tyurikova E P , Kustikova M A , Maiurova A S , Bykovskaia E A , Timofeeva I V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Monitoring of ozone-depleting substances takes place in global climate policy. To ensure accounting of used and transported ozone-depleting substances, it is necessary to develop high spectral identification systems. Multicomponent refrigerants with a high ozone-depleting potential and a potential for global warming are considered as ozone-depleting substances. The features of refrigerants as objects of research are described. Based on the characteristics of refrigerants, such identification methods as chromatography-mass spectrometry, absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were reviewed. Comparative analysis of refrigerant identification methods has been performed. According to the results of the data obtained in the analysis of refrigerants, the Raman spectroscopy method was chosen as the most selective one. The block-diagram for the identification system for ozone-depleting substances was proposed and experimental studies of the refrigerant R-22 were carried out.
Current trends and key limitations of climate-related disclosure by Russian companies
Authors: Vozykova S , Kustikov Y A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Climate-related disclosure and reporting have become major topics of the discussion among the key players influencing business decisions in the past few years. The United Kingdom and other countries’ plans regarding mandatory climate-related disclosure for the major listed companies, investors’ enquires about CDP questionnaires to be filled and European Union actively promoting its carbon neutral plans influence Russian business community decisions. In order to comply with the latest trends and future demands it is critical to assess corporate carbon footprint correctly, especially for the most carbon intensive companies specialising in mining and steel production, which can be seriously affected by the forecasted EU Carbon Border Tax towards carbon intensive imported products. Although, currently there are some limitations which may misrepresent some of the Russian companies’ greenhouse gas emissions calculation results, and further decarbonisation initiatives. One of the key reasons is a lack of national methodological guidelines and emissions factors provided by the Russian ministries and research centres, which have to guide Russian companies in the field of regional-based emissions assessment. This article examines the current trends of climate-related disclosure based on the CDP scores of Russian companies and discusses the potential ways of improving the national methodological support in order to provide quality and credible data connected with the climate risk management and disclosure. The most important drawbacks were identified, such as the lack of methodological guidelines and emission factors for calculating direct greenhouse gas emissions (Scope 1), regional emissions factors for calculating indirect energy emissions (Scope 2) for the Russian Federation, as well as the lack of both methodological guidelines and emissions factors database for calculating other indirect emissions (Scope 3). Finally, the expected consequences of such methodological disadvantages were described, and the recommended steps to improve the effectiveness of this climate-related disclosure practice were proposed.