bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling the spread of atherosclerosis considering relapse and linear treatment
Authors: Islamilova A , Aldila D , Giyarti W , Tasman H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a narrowing of the arteries due to a build-up of plaque in the artery walls. One of the reasons for the spread of atherosclerosis is the widespread of improper lifestyle in a population because of the tendency to follow the improper lifestyle of people in the surrounding environment. Atherosclerosis can cause complications such as heart disease, stroke, etc. This study aims to construct a model for the spread of atherosclerosis among human population by considering relapse and linear treatment rates. The model was then analyzed analytically and numerically. Analytical study reveals the existence and local stability criteria of the equilibrium points, determine the basic reproduction numbers and investigate the existence of bifurcations of the constructed model using the center-manifold theorem. Some numerical simulations were conducted for some possible prevention scenarios in the field.
Optimization of coriander nutrition on leached chernozem of Central Caucasus
Authors: Kasatkina A O , Yesaulko A N , Korostylev S A , Gromova N V , Voskoboynikov A V 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe article reflects the results of studies on the responsiveness of coriander “Amber” variety to a combination of doses and types of mineral fertilizers. As a result of the conducted researches for 2016–2018, it was established that the maximum crop yield was obtained on options N60P60-1.60 t/ha and N60P60K60-1.53 t/ha. It should be noted that for the Stavropol territory there are no scientifically sound recommendations for the practical application of mineral fertilizer systems, introduced under the culture of coriander. During the three-year field experiments, the influence of types and combinations of doses of mineral fertilizers was studied and the seed productivity of coriander when growing on leached chernozem of the Central Caucasus was established. The method of introduction of mineral fertilizers according to the Georges-Ville scheme (control, N60, P60, K60, N60P60, N60K60, P60K60, N60P60K60) used during the field experiment allowed us to obtain information about the effectiveness of types and combinations of mineral fertilizers. It was noted that the application of nitrogen fertilizers increased the NO3 content: when applying N60 – 11.6 mg/kg; N60P60 – 7.3 mg/kg; N60K60 – 3.6 mg/kg; N60P60K60 – 6.1 mg/kg. The result of the field experiment showed that the content of the mobile forms of phosphorus in the soil increased significantly to the control, and the difference was 3.4–5.6 mg/kg of soil. The effectiveness of potassium in many cases is moderate. The maximum value of exchangeable potassium was observed on the option with the use of K60-260 mg/kg of soil, and the minimum concentration of exchangeable potassium when applying N60P60-232 mg/kg of soil.
Using refrigeration machines and heat pumps in the cycle of steam generator in agricultural industry
Authors: Osintsev K V , Kuskarbekova S I , Klepikov N A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Chillers are required at all plant-processing plants. Refrigeration can be obtained from energy industry facilities. Absorption chillers are the most reliable units for use in thermal power plant cycles. Such units usually work in conjunction with heating networks and cooling systems of steam turbine power units. For example, in a heated water cooling system after a steam turbine condenser, absorption chillers are already in use. At the same time, the authors of the article offer another application of such aggregates. Low-power steam turbines use air cooling and water-air heat exchangers. In this cooling system, an absorption chiller can be used to increase the efficiency of the thermal power plant. Such chillers are highly reliable, so they must work until the end of the payback period of new equipment.
Soil protection measures during sunflower farming on slopes of Rostov oblast
Authors: Gaevaya E A , Ilyinskaya I N , Bezuglova O S , Taradin S A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents data on the study of sunflower in two crop rotations located on the slope of the Bolshoi Log beam, Aksay District of Rostov Oblast in 2015 - 2019. Studies have shown that to prevent possible water erosion it is recommended to use chisel processing as the main tillage. This will reduce soil washout by 14–26% and runoff by 16–32%. It was revealed that replacing naked fallow in crop rotation with perennial grasses reduced the amount of washed-out soil by 28% and reduced water flow by 25%. It is shown that all farming methods on sunflower must be performed in the direction across the slope, along the lines close to the horizontals. In the case of a surface runoff caused by melt or storm water, It is recommended to create the irrigation and drainage structures of the shafts - ditches across the slope. The economic assessment of sunflower growing in the system of contour-strip organization of the territory is given.
Fluorescence coupling to internal modes of 1D photonic crystals characterized by back focal plane imaging
Authors: Choudhury Sharmistha Dutta , Xiang Yifeng , Zhang Douguo , Descrovi Emilano , Badugu Ramachandram , Lakowicz Joseph R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The coupling of fluorescence with surface electromagnetic modes, such as surface plasmons on thin metal films or Bloch surface waves (BSWs) on truncated one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs), are presently utilized for many fluorescence-based applications. In addition to the surface wave, 1DPCs also support other electromagnetic modes that are confined within the 1DPC structure. These internal modes (IMs) have not received much attention for fluorescence coupling due to lack of spatial overlap of their electric fields with the surface bound fluorophores. However, our recent studies have indicated that the fluorescence coupling with IMs occurs quite efficiently. This observed internal mode-coupled emission (IMCE) is (similar to BSW-coupled emission) indeed wavelength dependent, directional and S-polarized. In this paper, we have carried out back-focal plane imaging to reveal that the IMs of 1DPCs can couple with surface bound excited dye molecules, with or without a BSW mode presence. Depending on the emission wavelength, the coupling is observed with BSW and IMs or only IMs of the 1DPC structure. The experimental results are well matching with numerical simulations. The occurrence of IMCE regardless of the availability of BSWs removes the dependence on just the surface mode for obtaining coupled emission from 1DPCs. The observation of IMCE is expected to widen the scope of 1DPCs for surface-based fluorescence sensing and assays.
Understanding blue shift of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance during growth of gold nanorods
Authors: Sahu Aditya K , Das Anwesh , Ghosh Anirudha , Raj Satyabrata 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We have investigated in detail the growth dynamics of gold nanorods with various aspect ratios in different surrounding environments. Surprisingly, a blue shift in the temporal evolution of colloidal gold nanorods in aqueous medium has been observed during the growth of nanorods by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peak evolves as soon as the nanorods start to grow from spheres, and the system undergoes a blue shift in the absorption spectra. Although a red-shift is expected as a natural phenomenon during the growth process of all nano-systems, our blue shift observation is regarded as a consequence of competition between the parameters of growth solution and actual growth of nanorods. The growth of nanorods contributes to the red-shift which is hidden under the dominating contribution of the growth solution responsible for the observed massive blue shift.
Half-space type theorem for translating solitons of the mean curvature flow in Euclidean space
Authors: Kim Daehwan , Pyo Juncheol 
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we determine which half-space contains a complete translating soliton of the mean curvature flow and it is related to the well-known half-space theorem for minimal surfaces. We prove that a complete translating soliton does not exist with respect to the velocity

v

{\mathrm {v}}

in a closed half-space

H

v

~

=
{
x
∈

R

n
+
1

∣
⟨
x
,

v

~

⟩
≤
0
}

\mathcal {H}_{\widetilde {{\mathrm {v}}}}= \{ x \in \mathbb {R}^{n+1} \mid \langle x, \widetilde {{\mathrm {v}}}\rangle \leq 0 \}

for

⟨

v

,

v

~

⟩
>
0

\langle {\mathrm {v}}, \widetilde {{\mathrm {v}}} \rangle > 0

, whereas in a half-space

H

v

~

\mathcal {H}_{\widetilde {{\mathrm {v}}}}

,

⟨

v

,

v

~

⟩
≤
0

\langle {\mathrm {v}}, \widetilde {{\mathrm {v}}} \rangle \leq 0

, a complete translating soliton can be found. In addition, we extend this property to cones: there are no complete translating solitons with respect to

v

{\mathrm {v}}

in a right circular cone

C

v

,
a

=
{
x
∈

R

n
+
1

∣
⟨

x

‖
x
‖

,

v

⟩
≤
a
>
1
}

C_{ {{\mathrm {v}}}, a}=\{ x \in \mathbb {R}^{n+1} \mid \langle \frac {x}{\|x\|} , {{\mathrm {v}}} \rangle \leq a > 1 \}

.
Above-ground biomass references for urban trees from terrestrial laser scanning data
Authors: Kükenbrink Daniel , Gardi Oliver , Morsdorf Felix , Thürig Esther , Schellenberger Andreas , Mathys Lukas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Within extending urban areas, trees serve a multitude of functions (e.g. carbon storage, suppression of air pollution, mitigation of the ‘heat island’ effect, oxygen, shade and recreation). Many of these services are positively correlated with tree size and structure. The quantification of above-ground biomass (AGB) is of especial importance to assess its carbon storage potential. However, quantification of AGB is difficult and the allometries applied are often based on forest trees, which are subject to very different growing conditions, competition and form. In this article we highlight the potential of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) techniques to extract highly detailed information on urban tree structure and AGB.

Methods
Fifty-five urban trees distributed over seven cities in Switzerland were measured using TLS and traditional forest inventory techniques before they were felled and weighed. Tree structure, volume and AGB from the TLS point clouds were extracted using quantitative structure modelling. TLS-derived AGB estimates were compared with AGB estimates based on forest tree allometries dependent on diameter at breast height only. The correlations of various tree metrics as AGB predictors were assessed.

Key Results
Estimates of AGB derived by TLS showed good performance when compared with destructively harvested references, with an R2 of 0.954 (RMSE = 556 kg) compared with 0.837 (RMSE = 1159 kg) for allometrically derived AGB estimates. A correlation analysis showed that different TLS-derived wood volume estimates as well as trunk diameters and tree crown metrics show high correlation in describing total wood AGB, outperforming tree height.

Conclusions
Wood volume estimates based on TLS show high potential to estimate tree AGB independent of tree species, size and form. This allows us to retrieve highly accurate non-destructive AGB estimates that could be used to establish new allometric equations without the need for extensive destructive harvesting.
Local Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Liposuction: A Single-Surgeon Outcomes Analysis and Considerations for Minimizing Postoperative Donor Site Ecchymosis
Authors: Weissler Jason M , Banuelos Joseph , Molinar Vanessa E , Tran Nho V 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTranexamic acid (TXA) has gained increasing recognition in plastic surgery as a dependable adjunct capable of minimizing blood loss, ecchymosis, and edema. To date, there have been limited data on the utilization of TXA to mitigate liposuction donor site ecchymosis.ObjectivesThe authors sought to investigate whether infiltration of TXA into liposuction donor sites safely reduces postoperative ecchymosis.MethodsA single-surgeon retrospective cohort study was performed to analyze patients undergoing autologous fat transfer for breast reconstruction between 2016 and 2019. Following lipoaspiration, patients in the intervention group received 75 mL of TXA (3 g in NaCl 0.9%) infiltrated into the liposuction donor sites, whereas the historical controls did not. Patient demographics, degree of ecchymosis, surgical complications, and thromboembolic events were examined. A blinded assessment of postoperative photographs of the donor sites was performed.ResultsOverall, 120 autologous fat grafting procedures were reviewed. Sixty patients received TXA, whereas 60 patients did not. Patient demographics and comorbidities were similar among the groups. No difference existed between groups regarding donor site locations, tumescent volume, lipoaspirate volume, or time to postoperative photograph. Ten blinded evaluators completed the assessment. The median bruising score of patients who received TXA was significantly lower than that of patients who did not (1.6/10 vs 2.3/10, P = 0.01). Postoperative complications were similar among the groups. Adverse effects of TXA were not observed.ConclusionsPatients who received local infiltration of TXA into the liposuction donor sites were found to have less donor site ecchymosis than patients who did not. Further prospective randomized studies are warranted.Level of Evidence: 4
Feature extraction approaches for biological sequences: a comparative study of mathematical features
Authors: Bonidia Robson P , Sampaio Lucas D H , Domingues Douglas S , Paschoal Alexandre R , Lopes Fabrício M , de Carvalho André C P L F , Sanches Danilo S 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs consequence of the various genomic sequencing projects, an increasing volume of biological sequence data is being produced. Although machine learning algorithms have been successfully applied to a large number of genomic sequence-related problems, the results are largely affected by the type and number of features extracted. This effect has motivated new algorithms and pipeline proposals, mainly involving feature extraction problems, in which extracting significant discriminatory information from a biological set is challenging. Considering this, our work proposes a new study of feature extraction approaches based on mathematical features (numerical mapping with Fourier, entropy and complex networks). As a case study, we analyze long non-coding RNA sequences. Moreover, we separated this work into three studies. First, we assessed our proposal with the most addressed problem in our review, e.g. lncRNA and mRNA; second, we also validate the mathematical features in different classification problems, to predict the class of lncRNA, e.g. circular RNAs sequences; third, we analyze its robustness in scenarios with imbalanced data. The experimental results demonstrated three main contributions: first, an in-depth study of several mathematical features; second, a new feature extraction pipeline; and third, its high performance and robustness for distinct RNA sequence classification. Availability:https://github.com/Bonidia/FeatureExtraction_BiologicalSequences
MendelVar: gene prioritization at GWAS loci using phenotypic enrichment of Mendelian disease genes
Authors: Sobczyk M K , Gaunt T R , Paternoster L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Gene prioritization at human GWAS loci is challenging due to linkage-disequilibrium and long-range gene regulatory mechanisms. However, identifying the causal gene is crucial to enable identification of potential drug targets and better understanding of molecular mechanisms. Mapping GWAS traits to known phenotypically relevant Mendelian disease genes near a locus is a promising approach to gene prioritization.

Results
We present MendelVar, a comprehensive tool that integrates knowledge from four databases on Mendelian disease genes with enrichment testing for a range of associated functional annotations such as Human Phenotype Ontology, Disease Ontology and variants from ClinVar. This open web-based platform enables users to strengthen the case for causal importance of phenotypically matched candidate genes at GWAS loci. We demonstrate the use of MendelVar in post-GWAS gene annotation for type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, blood lipids and atopic dermatitis.

Availability and implementation
MendelVar is freely available at https://mendelvar.mrcieu.ac.uk

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Development and Bio-Analytical Validation of Chromatographic Determination Method of Rufinamide in Presence of its Metabolite in Human Plasma
Authors: Hassib Sonia T , Hashem Hanaa M A , Mahrouse Marianne A , Mostafa Eman A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Rufinamide (RF), antiepileptic drug, is biotransformed to inactive metabolite. Frequent plasma monitoring is required for dose adjustment. This work is concerned with the development and validation of a sensitive and selective RP-HPLC method for the quantitative determination of RF in spiked human plasma in the presence of its main metabolite. Lacosamide was selected as internal standard. Preparation of plasma samples involved precipitation of plasma proteins using methanol. Isocratic elution mode was applied and the chromatographic separation was performed on Prontosil CN column (5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm). Good resolution was achieved using acetonitrile: water (10:90, v/v, adjusted with 0.01 N aqueous solution of o-phosphoric acid to pH = 3) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and UV detection was carried out at 210 nm. Linearity was observed over the concentration range of 0.5–50 μg/mL of RF in plasma. Bio-analytical validation of the developed method was carried out in accordance to the European Medicines Agency guidelines. The accuracy ranged from 95.97 to 114.13%, and the coefficient of variation of the assay intra-day and inter-day precision did not exceed 10%. The samples were stable under the employed experimental conditions. In conclusion, the findings of the present study revealed its usefulness for therapeutic drug monitoring, assessment of drug pharmacokinetics and application for bioequivalence study.
Reciprocal organ interactions during heart failure: a position paper from the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function
Authors: Ciccarelli Michele , Dawson Dana , Falcao-Pires Inês , Giacca Mauro , Hamdani Nazha , Heymans Stéphane , Hooghiemstra Astrid , Leeuwis Annebet , Hermkens Dorien , Tocchetti Carlo Gabriele , van der Velden Jolanda , Zacchigna Serena , Thum Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Heart failure—either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFpEF)—is a clinical syndrome of multifactorial and gender-dependent aetiology, indicating the insufficiency of the heart to pump blood adequately to maintain blood flow to meet the body’s needs. Typical symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive fatigue with impaired exercise capacity, and peripheral oedema, thereby alluding to the fact that heart failure is a syndrome that affects multiple organ systems. Patients suffering from progressed heart failure have a very limited life expectancy, lower than that of numerous cancer types. In this position paper, we provide an overview regarding interactions between the heart and other organ systems, the clinical evidence, underlying mechanisms, potential available or yet-to-establish animal models to study such interactions and finally discuss potential new drug interventions to be developed in the future. Our working group suggests that more experimental research is required to understand the individual molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure and reinforces the urgency for tailored therapeutic interventions that target not only the heart but also other related affected organ systems to effectively treat heart failure as a clinical syndrome that affects and involves multiple organs.
Impairment of Tissue-Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Chronic Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Grim Carl , Noble Robert , Uribe Gabriela , Khanipov Kamil , Johnson Paul , Koltun Walter A , Watts Tammara , Fofanov Yuriy , Yochum Gregory S , Powell Don W , Beswick Ellen J , Pinchuk Irina V 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsLittle is known about the presence and function of tissue-resident mesenchymal stem cells [MtSCs] within the gastrointestinal mucosa in health and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The contribution of MtSCs to the generation of inflammatory fibroblasts during IBD is also poorly understood. We hypothesized that IBD-MtSCs are impaired and contribute to the generation of the pathological myofibroblasts in IBD.MethodsIn a cohort of clinically and endoscopically active IBD patients and normal controls, we used quantitative RT-PCR and stem cell differentiation assays, as well as confocal microscopy, to characterize MtSCs.ResultsExpression of two stem cell markers, Oct4 and ALDH1A, was increased in the inflamed IBD colonic mucosa and correlated with an increase of the mesenchymal lineage marker Grem1 in ulcerative colitis [UC], but not Crohn’s disease [CD]. Increased proliferation and aberrant differentiation of Oct4+Grem1+ MtSC-like cells was observed in UC, but not in CD colonic mucosa. In contrast to normal and UC-derived MtSCs, CD-MtSCs lose their clonogenic and most of their differentiation capacities. Our data also suggest that severe damage to these cells in CD may account for the pathological PD-L1low phenotype of CD myofibroblasts. In contrast, aberrant differentiation of MtSCs appears to be involved in the appearance of pathological partially differentiated PD-L1high myofibroblasts within the inflammed colonic mucosa in UC.ConclusionOur data show, for the first time, that the progenitor functions of MtSCs are differentially impaired in CD vs UC, providing a scientific rationale for the use of allogeneic MSC therapy in IBD, and particularly in CD.
The role of myocardial innervation imaging in different clinical scenarios: an expert document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and Cardiovascular Committee of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Gimelli Alessia , Liga Riccardo , Agostini Denis , Bengel Frank M , Ernst Sabine , Hyafil Fabien , Saraste Antti , Scholte Arthur J H A , Verberne Hein J , Verschure Derk O , Slart Riemer H J A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cardiac sympathetic activity plays a key role in supporting cardiac function in both health and disease conditions, and nuclear cardiac imaging has always represented the only way for the non-invasive evaluation of the functional integrity of cardiac sympathetic terminals, mainly through the use of radiopharmaceuticals that are analogues of norepinephrine and, in particular, with the use of 123I-mIBG imaging. This technique demonstrates the presence of cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in different cardiac pathologies, linking the severity of sympathetic nervous system impairment to adverse patient’s prognosis. This article will outline the state-of-the-art of cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging and define the value and clinical applications in the different fields of cardiovascular diseases.