bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dorothea Dreams of Drains
Authors: McCauley Alex 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
When Dorothea Brooke imagines a utopian community, she imagines draining the land. This concern with irrigation becomes a point of confluence for otherwise divergent theories of political economy and property within the nineteenth century. Drainage reflects a common horror of uselessness—whether wasted lands or the quagmires of scholarship. Yet this confluence is not totalizing. Natural history offers a critique of drainage, and Eliot's own work is marked by two contrary theories of drainage: circulation that adds value or circulation that subtracts value. These concerns then become a point for considering the primary metaphor of literary studies: the field.
Students' Awareness and Attitudinal Dispositions to E-Waste Management Practices at a Zimbabwean University
Authors: Maphosa Vusumuzi 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTEnvironmental experts have expressed concern that e-waste is growing faster than recycling or reusing initiatives. Universities from developing countries often import used electronic and electrical equipment to improve student's access to technology. Lack of explicit action plans on handling e-waste and the absence of infrastructure in developing countries are significant challenges. The study examines students' awareness and attitudinal disposition to e-waste management practices at a Zimbabwean university. The research summarizes complex issues related to improper e-waste management in a developing country context, leading to environmental and health degradation. The researcher collected data from 216 students through an online questionnaire, and data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The results show that the majority of the participants disposed of e-waste with municipal waste. The participants acknowledged that lack of awareness, lack of policies, unavailability of collection points, and recycling facilities were significant impairments to e-waste management. Being knowledgeable of the effects of e-waste on the environment and human health did not translate into appropriate e-waste management practices. The study challenges policymakers to develop e-waste policies and establish e-waste value chains that sustain the e-waste ecosystem. The University should establish local e-waste policies, identify designated e-waste collection points, and deploy primary recycling plants. The institution should launch e-waste clubs to create more awareness, knowledge, and positive attitudes toward e-waste management.
The Compassionate God of Traditional Jewish and Christian Exegesis
Authors: Tiemeyer Lena-Sofia 
Published: October 2021

The comparison in the Zohar (Noah, 67b-68a) of Noah, Abraham and Moses serves as the starting point of this paper. Its aim is to investigate how traditional Jewish (e.g. the Targum, Midrashim, the Talmud, the medieval commentators) and Christian (e.g. the New Testament, the Church Fathers, Luther and Calvin) exegetes interpret the responses of these three individuals to divine foreknowledge (Gen. 6-7; 18:16-33; Exod. 32:10-14). Two main responses are suggested – intercession and/or proclamation of repentance. As shall become apparent, strikingly similar answers are given. First, foreknowledge is seen by nearly all scholars, regardless of religious affiliation and historical background, as a veiled hint at the possibility of influencing God, with the desired result of cancelling the prediction. Secondly, the majority of scholars read intercession and/or repentance into these texts to a greater extent than the texts themselves warrant. This uniformity suggests that the questions asked are shared by people across the borders of time and specific denominations. Even so, there are differences: Jewish scholars tend to emphasise the motif of intercession, existing or non-existing, on behalf of the guilty, while Christian ones are more prone to stress the idea of repentance.
Complete v. Incomplete Conquest: A Re-Examination of Three Passages in Joshua.
Authors: Clarke T. A. 
Published: October 2021

Most commentaries and articles regarding the book of Joshua take as a starting point an apparent contradiction between a complete and an incomplete conquest. Surprisingly, as Kitchen observes, there has not been a ‘careful and close’ reading of the passages taken as evidence of a complete conquest (i.e. Josh. 10:40-43; 11:16-23; 21:43-45). This article seeks to fill that gap in the literature. A close reading of these passages suggests that the author carefully describes the extent of the conquest. It seems the apparent contradiction regarding these passages has been overstated.
A Brief Response to ‘The Christology of Titus 2:13 and 1 Tim. 2:5’ by J. Christopher Edwards
Authors: Harris Murray J. 
Published: October 2021

Notwithstanding similarities between 1 Timothy 2:1-7 and Titus 2:11-14, Christopher Edwards’ arguments against translating Titus 2:13 as: ‘The glorious appearing of our great God and Saviour, Jesus Christ’ remain problematic.
Clinical Profile and CT-Chest Patterns of 56 Patients with Covid-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Ibrahim Olla A M , Alhaen Enas M , Mohmmed Walid A S , Salh Wadyan M A 
Published: October 2021

Since the COVID-19 pandemic was announced, the concern of radiologists and physicians regarding its diagnosis has been profoundly raised. The primary reference for confirming COVID-19 pneumonia relies on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing, where the subject of availability, false negative-rates, practice dependency, and time-consumption, made computed tomography (CT) more superior in Covid-19 pneumonia diagnosis, which was the situation in Al-Baida-city\Libya. The first local case in Al-Baida-city was reported on 30 July 2020, followed by a dramatic surge in the number of cases, which necessitated the recognition of main clinical features and CT-patterns of COVID-19 to facilitate rapid diagnosis. The aim of study: Describe the clinical features and the CT-chest patterns of COVID-19 pneumonia among the studied population. A descriptive case series study was conducted in the central hospital of Al-Baida city /Libya from 11 August to 21 September 2020, which involved 56 patients (31 females and 25 males). Patients’ ages ranged from 28-88 years (62.79± 11.3). Non-contrast CT-chest was performed on all patients. The main patients’ complaints were fever 94.6%, dyspnea 89.3%, and cough 85.7%. The most common CT pattern among the studied cases was ground-glass opacities found in 100% of patients, followed by vascular thickening 88%, consolidative lesion 71.4%, crazy-paving pattern 57%, vacuolar sign 57.1%, architecture distortion 40%, halo sign 34%, reverse halo sign 34.5%, and traction-bronchiectasis 16% of the studied cases. Finally, recognition of CT-chest patterns of Covid-19 pneumonia plays a significant role in early detection, and therefore isolation and management of the disease. The findings of this study can be used as a baseline for further research in the future.
How Does Tibial Pin Placement in Navigated Total Knee Arthroplasty Affect the Torsional Strength of the Tibia?
Authors: McChesney Grant R. , Morris Randal P. , Al Barghouthi Abeer , Travascio Francesco , Latta Loren L. , Lindsey Ronald W. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Surgical navigation technology has recently become more prevalent for total knee arthroplasty. Surgical navigation typically requires pin placement in the proximal tibia diaphysis to stabilize the bone-tracking hardware, and there have been several recent reports of fractures through these residual navigation pin holes. The objective of this biomechanical study was to determine whether a difference exists in the torsional bone strength of a 5-mm navigation pin hole drilled at a single location in three different orientations: unicortical, bicortical, and transcortical.

Methods:
Biomechanical composite sawbone tibias were used to test four conditions: the intact condition with no holes, a unicortical hole, a bicortical hole, and a transcortical hole through the proximal diaphysis. Seven specimens from each group were tested in external rotation to failure at 1 deg/sec. Torque-to-failure, absorbed energy-to-failure, and rotational angle-to-failure were statistically compared across the four groups.

Results:
All specimens failed proximally by spiral oblique fractures. No statistical differences were found between unicortical and bicortical groups in torque-to-failure, energy-to-failure, and angle-to-failure. However, both unicortical and bicortical groups were markedly lower in all measures than the intact group. The transcortical group was markedly lower in all measures than the intact group and both unicortical and bicortical groups.

Discussion:
An appropriately placed navigation residual pin hole, either unicortical or bicortical, markedly decreases the torque-to-failure, energy-to-failure, and angle-to-failure of the tibia compared with the intact condition in a synthetic sawbones model. No notable difference was detected between the unicortical and bicortical holes; however, an errant transcortical residual navigation pin hole markedly decreases all measures compared with an appropriately placed unicortical or bicortical hole.
Callus Induction from Unpollinated Ovary Explants of Beans
Authors: Küçükrecep Asli , Tekdal Dilek , Akça İlknur , Çetiner Selim , Hatipoğlu Rüştü 
Published: October 2021

Beans one of the essential plant protein sources for human and animal diets. Conventional breeding methods have been used to develop the cultivars of beans with high quality and high yield. However, conventional methods of plant breeding are time-consuming and laborious. Biotechnological methods can accelerate the breeding process in conventional plant breeding. However, the beans are thought to be a recalcitrant crop plant for applying biotechnological methods since plant regeneration under in vitro conditions in beans is not successful. Developing an appropriate method for in vitro bean regeneration remains a significant problem. The objective of this study was to develop a protocol for the culture of unfertilized ovaries of beans. Culture media and genotype are effective on the success of in vitro cultivation. For this reason, 12 genotypes of beans and some nutrient media such as MS and B5 with various 2,4-D/kinetin combinations were tested to obtain callus from unfertilized ovaries. The highest callus induction was obtained with a medium containing 2,4-D (0.5 mg L−1) and Kinetin (2.5 mg L−1). A literature review on beans indicates that no ovary culture has been carried out on tested varieties in this study to date.
Alzheimer-Like Cell Alterations after Vanadium Pentoxide Inhalation
Authors: Dorado-Martínez Claudia , Montiel-Flores Enrique , A. Mejía-García Oscar , Luis Ordoñez-Librado José , Luisa Gutierrez-Valdez Ana , Espinosa-Villanueva Jesús , Reynoso-Erazo Leonardo , Tron-Alvarez Rocío , Rodríguez-Lara Vianey , Rosa Avila-Costa Maria 
Published: October 2021

Vanadium (V), a widely distributed transition metal, has been considered toxic, which depends on the valence of the compound. V pentoxide (V2O5) is considered the most harmful. Its long-term exposure produces neurotoxicity. Mice exposed to inhaled V2O5 displayed less tubulin+ in testicular cells and dendritic spines loss, cell death, and CA1 neuropil modifications, considered as the result of V interaction with the cytoskeleton, which made us suppose that V2O5 inhalation could initiate CA1 cell alterations comparable to what happen in the brains of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. This study intends to demonstrate pyramidal CA1 cytoskeletal changes in rats which inhaled V2O5. Twenty rats were exposed to V2O5 0.02 M one hour, three times a week for several months. Our findings showed that V2O5-exposed rats had cell death that reached 56,57% after six months; we also observed collapsed strong argyrophilic nuclei and characteristic flame-shaped somas in all V2O5-exposed animals hippocampus CA1 compared to controls. We also found somatodendritic deformations. Neurite’s cytoskeleton exhibited visible thickening and nodosities and prominent dendritic spine loss. Our results demonstrate that V2O5 induces AD-like cell death with evident cytoskeletal and synaptic alterations.
La Bretagne face aux industries extractives. Processus de cadrage et construction de coalitions contre la prospection minière et l’extraction de sable dans les Côtes d’Armor
Authors: Schrijen1 Damien 
Published: October 2021

Dans les Côtes d’Armor, en Bretagne, deux projets d’extraction de ressources naturelles font face à de fortes contestations locales à partir de 2016. Il s’agit d’une part du permis exclusif de recherche minière (PERM) de Loc-Envel, dans les terres, et d’autre part de la concession de sable coquillier de la Pointe d’Armor, sur la côte. Bien que géographiquement proches, ces deux mobilisations se structurent différemment : alors que la mobilisation contre le PERM de Loc-Envel prend la forme d’une coalition souple, celle contre l’extraction de sable se structure en organisation de coalition (Staggenborg, 1986). Comment expliquer ces divergences, sur un territoire réduit, dans la structuration de ces mobilisations ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous interrogerons le poids des héritages locaux, mais également des processus de cadrage dans la structuration des mobilisations environnementales. Une problématisation qui, si elle prend un tour plutôt contre-expert sur la côte et plus territorialisé dans les terres, ne s’inscrit ici que marginalement dans une critique de l’extractivisme (Bednik, 2016).
Genetic variability and differentiation in cultured white shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei with low and high growth
Authors: Rivera-García M , Grijalva-Chon JM 
Published: October 2021

To find a relationship between allozyme heterozygosity and body size in cultured white shrimp, Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei, a sample was taken at the end of an experimental culture; 72 small organisms of 7.1 ± 1.35 g average weights, and 72 large organisms of 17.5 ± 1.34 g average weights. Ten enzymatic systems were analyzed. Eighteen loci showed good resolution for genetic interpretation. Only EST-2*, EST-3*, EST-4*, EST-5*, and PGM* were polymorphic. Variability values (mean observed heterozygosity, mean number of alleles per locus, and polymorphism) for small shrimp were 0.029 ± 0.020, 1.5 ± 0.20, and 22%, whereas for large shrimp were 0.020 ± 0.010, 1.7 ± 0.20, and 28%. No significant difference was found in heterozygosity for both size-classes. All loci were out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium because of a heterozygote deficiency and high inbreeding values. EST-2* and PGM* showed differences in allelic frequencies among both size-classes, and an Fst value of 1.6% was recorded. Both size-classes have a different genetic population structure. Because of the poor information of the analyzed loci and to corroborate that EST-2* and PGM* are involved in growth, it would be necessary to follow the inheritance of those loci in successive generations.
Nephroprotective Activity of Sophora interrupta bedd. against Gentamicin Induced Acute Renal Toxicity in Wistar Rats: An Experimental Study
Authors: Basini Jyothi , Sasikala G. M. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Based on ayurvedic/folklore medicine majority of the medicinal plants are used for treatment of different ailments. Sophora interrupta as traditional medicine focused to do the research work for protection of renal injury.
Aim: The present study was investigated the nephroprotective activity of Sophora interrupta bedd. against gentamicin-induced acute renal toxicity in wistar rats.
Study Design Rats have received gentamicin (40 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p.) once daily for 5 days of the study to induce nephrotoxicity along with test extract of Sophora interrupta bedd. at a dose of 200 &400 mg/kg, p.o. for 21 days. Urinary parameters like Creatinine, Urea, and Uric acid; Biochemical parameters like Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), Creatinine, Total protein, and Albumin were measured along with tissue parameters and histopathological observations were carried out.
Results: The test extracts Sophora interrupta bedd. showed a prominent protective role against the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity with significant (P=.001) restoration in abnormal plasma & urine biomarkers as compared to the gentamicin-induced group. Treatment with both the doses (200 & 400 mg/kg) of Sophoria extract showed significantly (P=.001; P=0.01) modified levels of antioxidant enzymes when compared to gentamicin-induced animals evidenced by structural restoration of the kidney.
Conclusion: These findings concluded that, Sophora interrupta bedd. exhibits a protective role against Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity.
Disorders of the Immune System and Susceptibility to Various Diseases in Children with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mekhtieva Seda Vakhaevna , Ismailov Magomedbeg Salahudinovich , Pavlov Bogdan Vladimirovich , Krekova Marina Mikhailovna , Papinyan David Robertovich 
Published: October 2021

The article examines the features of emerging disorders of the immune system in children suffering from diabetes mellitus, as well as the susceptibility of such children to various diseases. The authors note that children with diabetes have some disorders of the immune system, which, combined with high glycemia, increase the risk of infections and their severity, and they should be immediately detected and treated.
Infections, even typical childhood diseases, significantly interfere with glycemic control. As a result of the infectious process, the level of counter-regulating hormones, cortisol, adrenaline and growth hormone increases, which leads to increased neoglycogenesis, glycogenesis and increased insulin resistance. This increase in insulin resistance requires adjustment of the patient's usual insulin dose, both basal and bolus. There are usually several hours or days before such a need arises, and it may take time to increase the dose, which can lead to hyperglycemia during this period.
The presence of an infectious condition, in turn, increases blood glucose levels and increases the risk of decompensation, so pediatricians should be warned against the need to strengthen monitoring and insulin therapy. Patients with diabetes are often not fully vaccinated against various diseases. Vaccines are vital for these patients, significantly reducing the risk of infections and exacerbating the development of the underlying ailment.
The Field Guide to 3D Printing in Optical Microscopy for Life Sciences
Authors: Del Rosario Mario , Heil Hannah S. , Mendes Afonso , Saggiomo Vittorio , Henriques Ricardo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe maker movement has reached the optics labs, empowering researchers to create and modify microscope designs and imaging accessories. 3D printing has a disruptive impact on the field, improving accessibility to fabrication technologies in additive manufacturing. This approach is particularly useful for rapid, low‐cost prototyping, allowing unprecedented levels of productivity and accessibility. From inexpensive microscopes for education such as the FlyPi to the highly complex robotic microscope OpenFlexure, 3D printing is paving the way for the democratization of technology, promoting collaborative environments between researchers, as 3D designs are easily shared. This holds the unique possibility of extending the open‐access concept from knowledge to technology, allowing researchers everywhere to use and extend model structures. Here, it is presented a review of additive manufacturing applications in optical microscopy for life sciences, guiding the user through this new and exciting technology and providing a starting point to anyone willing to employ this versatile and powerful new tool.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of Dual‐Drug Loaded Spermine‐Acetalated Dextran Nanoparticles Coated with Tannic Acid for Cardiac Applications
Authors: Torrieri Giulia , Ferreira Mónica P. A. , Shahbazi Mohammad‐Ali , Talman Virpi , Karhu S. Tuuli , Pohjolainen Lotta , Carvalho Cláudia , Pinto João F. , Hirvonen Jouni , Ruskoaho Heikki , Balasubramanian Vimalkumar , Santos Hélder A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMyocardial infarction results in a massive loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs). Unfortunately, current therapies are unsuccessful in replacing lost CMs, and thus, there is an urgent need for innovative approaches. Here, a nanosystem based on spermine‐acetalated dextran (AcDXSp) and encapsulating two drug compounds able to stimulate in vitro CMs proliferation is developed. The nanosystem is coated by deposition of a film constituted by tannic acid (TA) and Fe3+ ions. The coating with TA increases the retention of the nanocarrier in cell co‐cultures of CMs and fibroblasts stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, due to the high affinity of TA for components of the cardiac extracellular matrix. The system exhibits biocompatibility toward primary CMs and induces their proliferation, as indicated by the two‐fold increase of CMs in the active cell cycle. At the same time, the presence of TA synergistically helps contrasting fibrosis by reducing profibrotic genes expression, such as collagen 1 and osteopontin, by approximately 80% compared to the control. Overall, the developed nanosystem demonstrates the capability to stimulate CMs proliferation and reduce fibrosis, showing potential benefits for future in vivo applications.
A Universal Approach for Room‐Temperature Printing and Coating of 2D Materials
Authors: Abdolhosseinzadeh Sina , Zhang Chuanfang (John) , Schneider René , Shakoorioskooie Mahdieh , Nüesch Frank , Heier Jakob 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProcessing 2D materials into printable or coatable inks for the fabrication of functional devices has proven to be quite difficult. Additives are often used in large concentrations to address the processing challenges, but they drastically degrade the electronic properties of the materials. To remove the additives a high‐temperature post‐deposition treatment can be used, but this complicates the fabrication process and limits the choice of materials (i.e., no heat‐sensitive materials). In this work, by exploiting the unique properties of 2D materials, a universal strategy for the formulation of additive‐free inks is developed, in which the roles of the additives are taken over by van der Waals (vdW) interactions. In this new class of inks, which is termed “vdW inks”, solvents are dispersed within the interconnected network of 2D materials, minimizing the dispersibility‐related limitations on solvent selection. Furthermore, flow behavior of the inks and mechanical properties of the resultant films are mainly controlled by the interflake vdW attractions. The structure of the vdW inks, their rheological properties, and film‐formation behavior are discussed in detail. Large‐scale production and formulation of the vdW inks for major high‐throughput printing and coating methods, as well as their application for room‐temperature fabrication of functional films/devices are demonstrated.