bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An international study of fast-food dining perceptions: millennial parents, non-millennial parents, and peer judgement during fast-food family dining
Authors: Kellershohn Julie , Walley Keith , Vriesekoop Frank 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine peer perceptions of a parent dining in a fast-food restaurant with their child.

Design/methodology/approach
A vignette approach was used to explore consumer assumptions and normative data using a four-country online survey of parents, with 1,200 respondents (300 from each of Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA). The study included qualitative and quantitative thematic analyses of the responses.

Findings
Family dining in fast-food restaurants was most often associated with an opportunity for family time together (25%), a treat (25%) and an unhealthy food decision (19%). For some, this is a normal meal that should not be judged (11%), for others, this is merely a meal of easy convenience (9%). Fathers, when depicted as the parent in the vignette, were more likely to be praised for spending time with their children, while mothers were more likely to be critiqued for making poor nutritional choices. Respondents from the USA viewed fast-food family dining more favourably than respondents from Australia, Canada or the UK.

Social implications
Despite rising obesity in these four countries, only 19% of respondents focused on the unhealthy element of the food choice, suggesting that perhaps this element is not on the forefront of consumer decision considerations.

Originality/value
This paper confirms parental peer perception differences, based on gender and country, regarding opinions on a child dining with a parent in a fast-food restaurant.
Political machines and the curse of public resources in subnational democracies
Authors: Cendales Andrés , Garza Nestor , Arcila Andres 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper argues that decentralization reforms in Colombia, implemented since the 1980s, have led to the decentralization of political clientelism rather than its demise. Clientelism is a system of political and economic institutions that turns every local democracy into an extractive political institution. The authors theoretically demonstrate that an increase in public resources will increase corruption.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop and test a subnational public choice model, where clientelism in elections and corruption in public administration constitute a stable long-term institutional equilibrium. The model comprises two linked subgames: electoral tournament and corruption in public policy. The model makes two predictions that currently oppose predominant approaches: (1) increasing the severity of jail sentences to electoral crimes increases their price and the predominance of machine politics, instead of improving the quality of electoral tournaments and (2) increasing local governments' public finance increases clientelism in elections and corruption in public administration.FindingsThe authors find evidence in favor of the theoretical model of curse of public resources, using difference-in-differences estimation with a database 2016–17 of Colombia's 1,034 municipalities. This country is well-suited for our analysis because it has a long-term commitment to formal democratic processes (since 1958), while plagued by endemic corruption and clientelism problems.Originality/value(1) The theoretical approach is innovative and disruptive of current models on the problem, (2) the model builds upon the Colombian situation, a country with prominent corruption and political violence problems regardless of its relatively long-term commitment with free elections (since 1958) and (3) the theoretical discussion is tested using a comprehensive set of difference-in-differences estimations.
Conflicting logics for crisis management in tourism
Authors: Öberg Christina 
Published: July 2021

PurposeIn tourism research, crisis management mostly refers to operational, on-location, chaotic measures taken as a crisis strikes a tourism destination. Related to COVID-19, this paper focuses on public initiatives representing strategic-oriented crisis management while showing that such initiatives may not help those needing support. More precisely, the paper discusses and exemplifies the conflict of logics between private sector interests and public initiatives related to crisis management in tourism.Design/methodology/approachThe main data source is a structured newspaper review of COVID-19 and tourism as covered in the Swedish press, comprising more than 4,000 items.FindingsFindings indicate logics manifested at different levels and a logic gap between small and large firms. Large firms are potentially better able to adapt but tend to wait passively for financial support rather than reformulate their business operations.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to research on crisis management in tourism by taking a public, societal-level view of crisis management juxtaposed against the local actors' sphere of operations. The conflict of logics proves how support needs to be improved to better help a sector in crisis. Thematic logics are introduced as a concept and captured in the conflicts between the present and the future, survival and change and operations and aggregates in crisis management. Broadly, the paper provides valuable insights into the future of tourism while indicating policy failures in the sector.
Exploring mindfulness in/as education from a Heideggerian perspective
Authors: Brito Rodrigo , Joseph Stephen , Sellman Edward 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Over the past decade or so within this journal, there have been critical debates concerning the role of mindfulness within education, the influence of neoliberalism on education in general and well-being interventions specifically, and the relevance of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger for critiquing modernity including the nature and purpose afforded education. In this article, we propose that these debates are sufficiently interrelated to develop a more unified argument. We will show how a Heideggerian perspective is conceptually rich, in both its heritage, as it draws upon both East-Asian wisdom and western thinking, and its engagement, as it confronts the implications of what Heidegger called a ‘technical-era’, for offering such a unified critique. The focus of this critique is on instrumental forms of mindfulness (mindfulness ‘in’ education), which when framed by neoliberalism has rather narrow goals concerning individual well-being and performance. In contrast, more critical and integral forms of mindfulness (mindfulness ‘as’ education) offer the potential for more holistic and authentic learning. Throughout the article, we discuss how Heideggerian philosophy offers a number of useful concepts (e.g., enframing, Dasein, authenticity, meditative thinking), which are able to both critique the instrumentalisation of approaches like mindfulness by neoliberalism and speak to more holistic education oriented toward more authentic being in the world.
Volatile composition analysis of tree peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC.) seed oil and the effect of oxidation during storage
Authors: Zhang Yu , Luo Jingwen , Zeng Fankun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPeony (Paeonia section Moutan DC.) seed oil is a novel vegetable oil with unique aromatic profile. The objectives of this study were to characterize the volatile compounds with optimized analysis conditions, and to study the effects of oxidation during storage. The Headspace Solid‐phase Micro‐extraction (HS‐SPME) conditions were optimized with factors including extraction fiber, extraction time and temperature, as well as sample amount and desorption time. Then, the aromatic compounds extracted from peony seed oil were determined using the odor activity value (OAV) method coupled with the GC‐olfactometry. Results found that the best HS‐SPME conditions were DVB/CAR/PDMS fibers with magnetic stirring for 50 min of extraction at 60°C. The optimal sample amount was 4 g with 6 min of desorption. Forty‐one volatile components were found, and 19 aromatic components were identified using GC‐MS and GC‐olfactometry. This is the first study to describe 4,7‐dimethylbenzofuran in peony seed oil with a unique aroma of grass, light bitter, and fragrance. The stability of alcohol and terpenoids decreased as accelerated oxidation progresses. This study provides the theoretical basis for the sensory attributes, and shelf‐life of peony seeds oil products for industry production and marketing.
Characterization and epitope prediction of phosphopyruvate hydratase from Penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp)
Authors: Yang Yi , Liu Huiying , Zeng Wen , Yang Yunjia , Zhang Jing , Yin Jie , Wu Jieling , Lai Kefeng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractShellfish allergies constitute an important cause of food‐induced anaphylactic reactions, which pose challenges to food safety and human health worldwide. In the present study, the specific IgE (sIgE) binding characteristics of different shrimp proteins of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) to the sera of eight shrimp‐allergic patients from China were studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and nanoliquid chromatography time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. According to the PLGS scores (>2000) and the sequence coverage (>40%), eight proteins with sIgE binding activity were identified, including myosin heavy chain type 1 (K4Q4N8), hemocyanin (G1AP69 and Q95V28), phosphopyruvate hydratase (O96656), arginine kinase (C7E3T4), tropomyosin (A1KYZ2), sarcoplasmic calcium binding protein (H7CHW2) and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (A0A097BQP2). Among these eight proteins, phosphopyruvate hydratase was a prevalent IgE‐binding protein among these Chinese patients with binding observed in 100% of sera. Moreover, 13 peptides were predicted as epitopes of phosphopyruvate hydratase. These new details help us to understand the crustacean IgE‐binding proteins especially Penaeus monodon IgE‐binding proteins, that would cause allergic reaction to Chinese patients. And our findings may provide essential information to improve allergy prevention and clinical treatment to shrimp allergy in China.Practical ApplicationThis research may have diagnostic and therapeutic value for shrimp allergies in China.
Sevoflurane inhibits neuroblastoma cell proliferation and invasion and induces apoptosis by miR‐144‐3p/YAP1 axis
Authors: He Ke , Yao Shudong , Zhang Yiqiang , Shen Jun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundSevoflurane (SEV) is a typical volatile anaesthetic and has an antitumour activity in various cancer cells. Here, we were curious whether SEV has tumour‐suppressive effects in neuroblastoma (NB).MethodsNB cell lines (K‐N‐SH and SK‐N‐AS) were treated with SEV (1%, 2% and 4%). Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8) and Transwell assays were conducted to examine cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. The apoptosis was verified by flow cytometry, and the yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1), Bax, Bcl2 and cleaved caspase3 levels were detected by western blotting. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was conducted to monitor the miR‐144‐3p level in SEV‐treated NB cells. The targeted relationship between miR‐144‐3p and YAP1 was predicted by bioinformatics and testified by the dual‐luciferase reporter assay.ResultsSEV mitigated NB cell proliferation and invasion and strengthened apoptosis dose‐dependently. SEV upregulated miR‐144‐3p. Moreover, the miR‐144‐3p inhibitor transfection significantly reduced the tumour‐suppressive effect of SEV on NB cells. Furthermore, the dual‐luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR‐144‐3p targeted YAP1 and overexpressing YAP1 partially weakened the inhibitive effects of miR‐144‐3p on NB cells.ConclusionSEV abated NB cell proliferation and invasion and accelerated apoptosis through the miR‐144‐3p/YAP1 axis.
Prognostic implications of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes for recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Wu Yuan , Gao Yue , Chen Lingxi , Jin Xin , Chen Pingbo , Mo Qingqing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The recurrence of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is largely attributed to tumour cells escaping from the surveillance of immune cells. However, to date there is a lack of studies that have systematically evaluated the associations between the infiltration fraction of immune cells and the recurrence risk of EOC. Based on the micro-ribonucleic acid (microRNA) expression profiles of 441 EOC patients, we constructed a microRNA-based panel with recurrence prediction potential using non-negative matrix factorization consensus clustering. Then, we evaluated the association between recurrence risk and infiltration proportions among 10 immune cell types by CIBERSORT and a multivariable Cox regression model. As a result, we identified a 72-microRNA-based panel that could stratify patients into high and low risk of recurrence. The infiltration of plasma cells and M1 macrophages was consistently significantly associated with the risk of recurrence in patients with EOC. Plasma cells were significantly associated with a decreased risk of relapse [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.58, p = 0.006), while M1 macrophages were associated with an increased risk of relapse (HR = 1.59, p = 0.003). Therefore, the 72-microRNA-based panel, M1 macrophages and plasma cells may hold potential to serve as recurrence predictors of EOC patients in clinical practice.
Variations in deceased donor kidney procurement biopsy practice patterns: A survey of U.S. organ procurement organizations
Authors: Emmons Brendan R. , Husain S. Ali , King Kristen L. , Adler Joel T. , Mohan Sumit 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundProcurement biopsies have become a common practice in the evaluation and allocation of deceased donor kidneys in the United States despite questions about their value and reproducibility. We sought to determine the extent of OPO‐level differences in criteria used to decide which deceased donor kidneys undergo a procurement biopsy and to assess the degree of variability in procurement biopsy technique and interpretation across OPOs.MethodsEach of the country's 58 OPOs were invited to participate in the survey. OPOs were divided into two groups based on organ availability ratio and deceased donor kidney discard rate.Results and ConclusionsFifty‐out‐of‐fifty‐eight invited OPOs (86% response rate) responded to the survey between November 2020 and December 2020. Thirty (60%) OPOs reported that they have formal criteria for performing kidney procurement biopsy, but for 29 of these OPOs, transplant centers can request biopsy on kidneys that do not meet criteria. OPOs used a total of seven different variables and 12 different numerical thresholds to define impaired kidney function that would prompt a procurement biopsy. Additionally, wide variability was seen in biopsy technique and procedures for biopsy interpretation and reporting of findings to transplant programs. These findings identify a clear opportunity for standardization of procurement biopsies to best practices.
Genetic resistance and tumour morphology in birch infected with Taphrina betulina
Authors: Christita Margaretta , Overmyer Kirk 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWitches’ broom of birch (Betula spp.) caused by Taphrina betulina is an understudied disease that causes the formation of woody tumours, from which ectopic axillary buds and branches grow to form a broom‐like structure. We have addressed two aspects of this disease using naturally infected mature trees in the field. Broom symptoms offer a convenient means of scoring susceptibility in the field. Variation in broom symptom presentation suggests possible variation in resistance against witches’ broom disease. We tracked the local distribution of susceptible individuals among 721 trees at 159 independent sites. The analysis supports the hypothesis that there was genetic resistance segregating in these birch populations. Anatomical changes in broom symptom bearing branches of European silver birch (Betula pendula) were also addressed by comparing sections of tissues from three locations in the same branch, which were normal, swollen in infected tissue adjacent to a tumour, and inside a tumour. Examination of tumours revealed disorganized and swollen xylem, expanded secondary phloem and expanded periderm. Swollen tissues newly infected from spreading disease adjacent to tumours exhibited enhanced growth only in secondary phloem and the periderm, which also exhibited distortions. This finding suggests that tumour formation and possibly pathogen colonization may initiate in these tissues.
Modeling oxygen permeability through topcoat and thermally grown oxide in dense Yb2Si2O7 environmental barrier coatings
Authors: Singh Sonia , Nganbe Michel , Chen Kuiying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe oxygen permeability of ytterbium disilicate (YbDS) topcoat (TC) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) thermally grown oxide (TGO) is evaluated. The primary goal is to elucidate the oxidation mechanisms in environmental barrier coatings (EBCs). For this purpose, oxidant diffusion is investigated using physics‐based and numerical modeling. The oxygen permeability constants are systematically evaluated and quantified in terms of thermodynamics using defect reactions and the parabolic rate constant (kp), respectively. Dry oxygen and wet oxygen conditions as well as different temperatures, partial pressures, and topcoat modifiers are investigated. The results offer evidence that the oxygen permeability constant for the YbDS topcoat is an order of magnitude higher than for the TGO. As such, the TGO hinders the oxidant diffusion stronger, proving to be the diffusion rate‐controlling layer. Moreover, water vapor strongly increases the oxidant permeation with defect reactions playing a key role. It is suggested that the mass transfer through the topcoat is primarily by outward ytterbium ion diffusion and inward oxygen ion movement, with the latter being dominant, particularly in wet environments. The effect of topcoat modifiers on oxidant permeation is composition sensitive and seems to be related to their interaction with oxygen ions and their mobility.
Impact of pre‐ablation weight loss on the success of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Peigh Graham , Wasserlauf Jeremiah , Vogel Kelly , Kaplan Rachel M. , Pfenniger Anna , Marks Daniel , Mehta Arjun , Chicos Alexandru B. , Arora Rishi , Kim Susan , Lin Albert , Verma Nishant , Patil Kaustubha D. , Knight Bradley P. , Passman Rod S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionObesity is an established risk factor for recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) after ablation. The impact of pre‐procedure weight changes on freedom from AF (FFAF) after ablation in obese and nonobese patients is unknown.MethodsA single‐center retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation was performed. Before ablation, all candidates were encouraged to adopt healthy lifestyle habits according to American Heart Association guidelines, including weight loss, by their physician. The primary endpoint was FFAF through 1‐year after completion of the 3‐month blanking period.ResultsOf the 601 patients (68% male; average age 62.1 ± 10.3 years) included in analysis, 234 patients (38.9%) were obese (body mass index ≥ 30) and 315 (52.4%) had paroxysmal AF. FFAF was observed in 420 patients (69.9%) at 15 months. Percent change in weight that occurred during the year before ablation independently predicted FFAF through 15‐months in all patients (adjusted odds ratio =  1.17, 95% confidence interval: 1.11–1.23). Subgroup analyses based on paroxysmal vs persistent AF, presence of obesity, and history of prior ablation were performed. Percent change in weight over the year before ablation was independently associated with FFAF in all subgroups except nonobese patients with persistent AF.ConclusionPre‐ablation weight loss was associated with FFAF in both obese and nonobese patients. Further studies are needed to define the optimal approach to weight loss before AF ablation.
Inhibition of IL‐17 prevents the progression of traumatic heterotopic ossification
Authors: Tu Bing , Yu Bo , Wang Wei , Li Juehong , Yuan Feng , Zhu Jing , Fan Cunyi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTraumatic heterotopic ossification (HO) is the abnormal formation of bone in soft tissues as a consequence of injury. However, the pathological mechanisms leading to traumatic HO remain unknown. Here, we report that aberrant expression of IL‐17 promotes traumatic HO formation by activating β‐catenin signalling in mouse model. We found that elevated IL‐17 and β‐catenin levels are correlated with a high degree of HO formation in specimens from patients and HO animals. We also show that IL‐17 initiates and promotes HO progression in mice. Local injection of an IL‐17 neutralizing antibody attenuates ectopic bone formation in a traumatic mouse model. IL‐17 enhances the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by activating β‐catenin signalling. Moreover, inhibition of IL‐17R or β‐catenin signalling by neutralizing antibodies or drugs prevents the osteogenic differentiation of isolated MSCs and decreases HO formation in mouse models. Together, our study identifies a novel role for active IL‐17 as the inducer and promoter of ectopic bone formation and suggests that IL‐17 inhibition might be a potential therapeutic target in traumatic HO.
Preoperative anesthesiology consult utilization in Ontario – a population‐based study
Authors: Dion Joanna M.M. , Campbell Robert J. , Nguyen Paul , Beyea Jason A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesPhysician consultations are a limited resource. Anesthesiologists provide anaesthesia during surgery and procedures, prepare patients for surgery in preoperative clinics, and provide postoperative care. This study sought to evaluate current consultation usage patterns, with an aim to determine possible opportunities for efficiency.MethodA retrospective comprehensive population‐based cohort study was performed, evaluating all hospitals in the Canadian province of Ontario from 2002 to 2018. The main outcome measures were American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of the patients, and whether the patients underwent surgery within 3 months following the anaesthesia consultation.ResultsA cohort of 2,023,499 patients, and a total of 2,920,100 preoperative anaesthesia consultations was obtained. The number of consults per year doubled between 2003 (112,983/year) and 2017 (246,427/year), despite a less than 40% increase in practicing Canadian Anesthesiologists over this same timeframe. Each year, an average of 19.3% of the consults (range: 17.7–20.5%) were for patients that did not progress to having surgery. Of those that did have surgery following the anaesthesia consult, 37.2% were ASA Classification I or II. The most common surgical procedures (percent of total) following anaesthesia consult were: Knee arthroplasty (9.5%), hip arthroplasty (5.8%), cataract extraction (4.1%), repair of muscle of chest/abdomen (3.3%), hysterectomy (2.8%), and cholecystectomy (2.7%).ConclusionsThis study reveals data on utilization and trends over time of preoperative anaesthesia consultations. Potential opportunities for optimization were found, including patients who did not proceed to surgery, and healthier patients undergoing low to moderate risk surgery.