bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-hospital Mortality and Causes of Death in People Diagnosed With HIV in a General Hospital in Shenyang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Cheng Bo , Zhou Ying , Wang Yu , Liu Sheng , Wang Wen , Lu Xu , Sun Cui Ming , Liu Pei , Hu Qing-Hai , Wen Ying 
Published: December 2021

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, is a serious public health issue. This study investigated the correlated factors and possible changing trend of in-hospital death in patients diagnosed with HIV in the past decade in our hospital.Methods: We retrospectively collected data of firstly hospitalized patients with HIV in the Department of Infectious Disease in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019, and compared various factors that correlated with in-hospital death, including age, sex, opportunistic infections, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) status. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for death.Results: In total, 711 patients were recruited for this study, and 62 patients died in the hospital. The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.72%. Tuberculosis (TB), malignancies, and thrombocytopenia were associated with mortality. Antiviral treatment before admission was found to be a protective factor. There was a declining trend in in-hospital mortality from 19.2% in 2010 to 6.3% in 2019 (linear-by-linear association test, p &lt; 0.001), partly due to intensified medical care strategy.Conclusions: Till date, AIDS-defining illnesses remain the major cause of hospital admission and in-hospital mortality. TB and malignancies were correlated risk factors for in-hospital mortality. ART before admission was found to be beneficial, and considering the decreasing rate of in-hospital mortality, the implementation of intensified medical care strategy requires further effort.
Freehand Minimally Invasive Pedicle Screw Fixation and Minimally Invasive Decompression for a Thoracic or Lumbar Vertebral Metastatic Tumor From Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Fan Wenshuai , Zhou Tianyao , Li Jinghuan , Sun Yunfan , Gu Yutong 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To compare freehand minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation (freehand MIPS) combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), minimally invasive decompression, and partial tumor resection with open surgery for treatment of thoracic or lumbar vertebral metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with symptoms of neurologic compression, and evaluate its feasibility, efficacy, and safety.Methods: Forty-seven patients with 1-level HCC metastatic thoracolumbar tumor and neurologic symptoms were included between February 2015 and April 2017. Among them, 21 patients underwent freehand MIPS combined with PVP, minimally invasive decompression, and partial tumor resection (group 1), while 26 patients were treated with open surgery (group 2). Duration of operation, blood loss, times of fluoroscopy, incision length, and stay in hospital were compared between the two groups. Pre- and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade, ambulatory status, and urinary continence were also recorded. The Cobb angle and central and anterior vertebral body height were measured on lateral radiographs before surgery and during follow-ups.Results: Patients in group 1 showed significantly less blood loss (195.5 ± 169.1 ml vs. 873.1 ± 317.9 ml, P = 0.000), shorter incision length (3.4 ± 0.3 vs. 13.6 ± 1.8 cm, P = 0.000), shorter median stay in hospital (4–8/6 vs. 8–17/12 days, P = 0.000), more median times of fluoroscopy (5–11/6 vs. 4–7/5 times, P = 0.000), and longer duration of operation (204.8 ± 12.1 vs. 171.0 ± 12.0 min, P = 0.000) than group 2. Though VAS significantly decreased after surgery in both groups, VAS of group 1 was significantly lower than that of group 2 immediately after surgery and during follow-ups (P &lt; 0.05). Similar results were found in ODI. No differences in the neurological improvement and spinal stability were observed between the two groups.Conclusion: Freehand MIPS combined with PVP, minimally invasive decompression, and partial tumor resection is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method for treating thoracolumbar metastatic tumors of HCC, with less blood loss, better pain relief, and shorter length of midline incision and stay in hospital.
Non-closure of the Free Peritoneal Flap During Laparoscopic Hernia Repair of Lower Abdominal Marginal Hernia: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Xu Qian , Zhang Guangyong , Li Linchuan , Xiang Fengting , Qian Linhui , Xu Xiufang , Yan Zhibo 
Published: December 2021

Background: During lower abdominal marginal hernia repair, the peritoneal flap is routinely freed to facilitate mesh placement and closed to conclude the procedure. This procedure is generally called trans-abdominal partial extra-peritoneal (TAPE). However, the necessity of closing the free peritoneal flap is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of leaving the free peritoneal flap in-situ.Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 68 patients (16 male, 52 female) who underwent laparoscopic hernia repair between June 2014 and March 2021. Patients were diagnosed as the lower abdominal hernia and all required freeing the peritoneal flap during the operation. Patients were divided into 2 groups: one group was TAPE group with the closed free peritoneal flap, another group left the free peritoneal flap unclosed. Analyses were performed to compare both intraoperative parameters and postoperative complications.Results: There were no significant differences in demographic, comorbidity, hernia characteristics and ASA classification. The intra-operative bleeding volume, visceral injury, hospital stay, urinary retention, visual analog scale (VAS) score, dysuria, intestinal obstruction, surgical site infection, mesh infection, recurrence rate and hospital stay were similar among the two groups. Mean operative time of the flap closing procedure was higher than for patients with the free peritoneal flap left in-situ (p = 0.002). Comparisons of postoperative complications showed flap closure resulted in a higher incidence of seroma formation (p = 0.005).Conclusion: Providing a barrier-coated mesh is used during laparoscopic lower abdominal marginal hernia repair, it is safe to leave the free peritoneal flap in-situ and this approach may prevent the occurrence of seromas.
A Combination of Structural, Genetic, Phenotypic and Enzymatic Analyses Reveals the Importance of a Predicted Fucosyltransferase to Protein O-Glycosylation in the Bacteroidetes
Authors: Tomek Markus B. , Janesch Bettina , Braun Matthias L. , Taschner Manfred , Figl Rudolf , Grünwald-Gruber Clemens , Coyne Michael J. , Blaukopf Markus , Altmann Friedrich , Kosma Paul , Kählig Hanspeter , Comstock Laurie E. , Schäffer Christina 
Published: December 2021

Diverse members of the Bacteroidetes phylum have general protein O-glycosylation systems that are essential for processes such as host colonization and pathogenesis. Here, we analyzed the function of a putative fucosyltransferase (FucT) family that is widely encoded in Bacteroidetes protein O-glycosylation genetic loci. We studied the FucT orthologs of three Bacteroidetes species—Tannerella forsythia, Bacteroides fragilis, and Pedobacter heparinus. To identify the linkage created by the FucT of B. fragilis, we elucidated the full structure of its nine-sugar O-glycan and found that l-fucose is linked β1,4 to glucose. Of the two fucose residues in the T. forsythia O-glycan, the fucose linked to the reducing-end galactose was shown by mutational analysis to be l-fucose. Despite the transfer of l-fucose to distinct hexose sugars in the B. fragilis and T. forsythia O-glycans, the FucT orthologs from B. fragilis, T. forsythia, and P. heparinus each cross-complement the B. fragilis ΔBF4306 and T. forsythia ΔTanf_01305 FucT mutants. In vitro enzymatic analyses showed relaxed acceptor specificity of the three enzymes, transferring l-fucose to various pNP-α-hexoses. Further, glycan structural analysis together with fucosidase assays indicated that the T. forsythia FucT links l-fucose α1,6 to galactose. Given the biological importance of fucosylated carbohydrates, these FucTs are promising candidates for synthetic glycobiology.
Isolation of N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-Substituted Flavanols from White Tea Using Centrifugal Countercurrent Chromatography Off-Line ESI-MS Profiling and Semi-Preparative Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Dai Weidong , Ramos-Jerz Maria , Xie Dongchao , Peng Jiakun , Winterhalter Peter , Jerz Gerold , Lin Zhi 
Published: December 2021

N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted flavanols (EPSF) are marker compounds for long-term stored white teas. However, due to their low contents and diasteromeric configuration, EPSF compounds are challenging to isolate. In this study, two representative epimeric EPSF compounds, 5′′′R- and 5′′′S-epigallocatechin gallate-8-C N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone (R-EGCG-cThea and S-EGCG-cThea), were isolated from white tea using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). Two different biphasic solvent systems composed of 1. N-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1:5:1:5, v/v/v/v) and 2. N-hexane-ethyl acetate-acetonitrile-water (0.7:3.0:1.3:5.0, v/v/v/v) were used for independent pre-fractionation experiments; 500 mg in each separation of white tea ethyl acetate partition were fractionated. The suitability of the two solvent systems was pre-evaluated by electrospray mass-spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analysis for metabolite distribution and compared to the results of the CPC experimental data using specific metabolite partition ratio KD values, selectivity factors α, and resolution factors RS. After size-exclusion and semi-preparative reversed-phase liquid chromatography, 6.4 mg of R-EGCG-cThea and 2.9 mg of S-EGCG-cThea were recovered with purities over 95%. Further bioactivity evaluation showed that R- and S-EGCG-cThea possessed in vitro inhibition effects on α-glucosidase with IC50 of 70.3 and 161.7 μM, respectively.
Modeling of the Influence of Input AM Parameters on Dimensional Error and Form Errors in PLA Parts Printed with FFF Technology
Authors: Luis-Pérez Carmelo J. , Buj-Corral Irene , Sánchez-Casas Xavier 
Published: December 2021

As is widely known, additive manufacturing (AM) allows very complex parts to be manufactured with porous structures at a relatively low cost and in relatively low manufacturing times. However, it is necessary to determine in a precise way the input values that allow better results to be obtained in terms of microgeometry, form errors, and dimensional error. In an earlier work, the influence of the process parameters on surface roughness obtained in fused filament fabrication (FFF) processes was analyzed. This present study focuses on form errors as well as on dimensional error of hemispherical cups, with a similar shape to that of the acetabular cup of hip prostheses. The specimens were 3D printed in polylactic acid (PLA). Process variables are nozzle diameter, temperature, layer height, print speed, and extrusion multiplier. Their influence on roundness, concentricity, and dimensional error is considered. To do this, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) models were used. It was observed that dimensional error, roundness, and concentricity depend mainly on the nozzle diameter and on layer height. Moreover, high nozzle diameter of 0.6 mm and high layer height of 0.3 mm are not recommended. A desirability function was employed along with the ANFIS models in order to determine the optimal manufacturing conditions. The main aim of the multi-objective optimization study was to minimize average surface roughness (Ra) and roundness, while dimensional error was kept within the interval Dimensional Error≤0.01. When the simultaneous optimization of both the internal and the external surface of the parts is performed, it is recommended that a nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm be used, to have a temperature of 197 °C, a layer height of 0.1 mm, a print speed of 42 mm/s, and extrusion multiplier of 94.8%. This study will help to determine the influence of the process parameters on the quality of the manufactured parts.
Refining a primary care shared decision-making aid for lifestyle change: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Heron Neil , O’Connor Seán R , Kee Frank , Thompson David R , Cupples Margaret , Donnelly Michael 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe important role of primary care in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours needs informed support.AimTo elicit views on a 39-item shared decision-making (SDM) aid (SHARE-D) for lifestyle change and refine it to improve implementation.Design & settingMixed-methods study.MethodHealth professionals, patients, and support workers, with experience of managing or a history of cardio- or cerebrovascular disease, were purposively recruited based on age, sex, and urban/rural location (n= 34). Participants completed a survey, rating the importance of including each item in a decision-aid, designed for use by patients with health professionals, and suggesting modifications. Semi-structured interviews (n= 30/34) were conducted and analysed thematically.ResultsSubstantial agreement was observed on rating item inclusion. Based on survey and interview data, 9/39 items were removed; 13 were amended. Qualitative themes were: 1) core content of the decision-aid; 2) barriers to use; 3) motivation for lifestyle change; and 4) primary care implementation. ‘Self-reflective’ questions and goal setting were viewed as essential components. The paper-based format, length, clarity, and time required were barriers to its use. Optional support considered within the aid was seen as important to motivate change. A digital version, integrated into patient record systems was regarded as critical to implementation. A revised 30-item aid was considered suitable for facilitating brief conversations and promoting patient autonomy.ConclusionThe SHARE-D decision aid for healthy lifestyle change appears to have good content validity and acceptability. Survey and interview data provided in-depth information to support implementation of a refined version. Further studies should examine its effectiveness.
PENGUJIAN PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING ANTARA DANA PIHAK KETIGA (DPK) TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH PERIODE 2017-2019
Authors: Anggreni Meilinda , Novianty Ira 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dana pihak ketiga terhadap laba bersih dengan pembiayaan musyarakah sebagai variabel intervening pada Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) di Indonesia periode 2017-2019. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder, Sumber data berupa laporan keuangan tahunan Bank Umum Syariah. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 14 BUS sebagai sampel. Metode kuantitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni uji asumsi klasik dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu (1) dana pihak ketiga mempengaruhi pembiayaan musyarakah, (2) dana pihak ketiga mempengaruhi terhadap laba bersih, (3) pembiayaan musyarakah mempengaruhi laba bersih, (4) variabel pembiayaan musyarakah dapat memediasi dana pihak ketiga terhadap laba bersih.
DAMPAK CG PADA CSRD DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN SYARIAH BEI
Authors: Mai Muhammad Umar , Ariani Henny 
Published: December 2021

The study aims to investigate the impact of corporate governance on corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) and the effect of CSRD to the profitability. The samples to study was gained from annual-report of the 29 firms that listed in Sharia’s critheria issued by the Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) in the Mining Sector Companies, from 2015 to 2019. The study will conduct by using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using Warp-PLS software. The results of this study indicate that corporate governance proxied by variabels such as institutional ownership, board independent, and board of directors size have positive impact and significant to CSRD. Thus, The results have indicated that CSRD have positive impact and significant to profitability. This study contribute to the development of corporate governance’s theory especially on the CSRD activities within the mining sectors companies with Sharia Critheria. Otherwise, this study gives new widen perspective to the managements and investors on the mining sectors companies with Sharia Critheria. In bound of the corporate governance, CSRD activities , and the profitability achievements.
PENGARUH KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN BEBAN PADA RUGI DAYA SALURAN NETRAL JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI TEGANGAN RENDAH
Authors: Achmad Deni Mulyadi  
Published: November 2021

Ketidakseimbangan beban pada suatu sistem jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik selalu terjadi dan penyebab ketidakseimbangan tersebut adalah pada pengaturan beban - beban satu fasa pada pelanggan jaringan tegangan rendah. Akibat ketidakseimbangan beban tersebut muncul arus pada netral trafo. Arus yang mengalir pada netral trafo ini menyebabkan terjadinya losses (rugi - rugi), yaitu losses akibat adanya arus netral pada penghantar netral trafo. Setelah dianalis, diperoleh bahwa bila terjadi ketidakseimbangan beban sebesar 13,3 %, maka arus netral yang muncul lumayan besar yakni sebesar 108 ampere dan losses akibat adanya arus netral pada penghantar netral trafo sebesar 0,36%.
PENGARUH MODEL DIFRAKSI TERHADAP PERAMBATAN GELOMBANG DETONASI PADA CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR HIDROGEN-OKSIGEN DENGAN DILUENT ARGON
Authors: Bambang Puguh  
Published: November 2021

Pada sistem pembakaran snpersonik, shock wave dan reaction wave merambat dengan kondisi berhimpit dengan kecepatan di bawah 1 mikro detik. Shock wave yang memiliki tekanan tinggi hingga mencapai 20 kali tekanan awal akan membahayakan bagi keselamatan manusia jika kecelakaan detonasi terjadi. Dengan demikian diharapkan kecelakaan yang diakibatkan oleh gelombang detonasi akan dapat dihindari atau diminimalisasi. Hal ini dilakukan dengan cara mengubah gelombang detonasi menjadi gelombang deflagrasi, yaitu memisahkan shock wave dengan reaction wave akibat proses ekspansi gelombang detonasi. Pada eksperimen ini, model diuji pada pipa uji detonasi (PUD) horizontal berpenampang lingkaran dengan diameter dalam 50 mm dan panjang 6300 mm yang terdiri dari seksi driver sepanjang 1000 mm, seksi driven sepanjang 5300 mm. Pada seksi driven dipasang model facing step 50% dengan bahan alumunium sepanjang 300 mm. Empat unit sensor tekanan yang berfungsi untuk merekam profil tekanan sepanjang proses pembakaran dan empat unit ionisation probe yang berfungsi untuk mendeteksi waktu kedatangan flame front, dipasang masing - masing 2 unit di upstream dan 2 unit di downstream dari model dengan posisi saling berhadapan. Campuran bahan bakar untuk seksi driver yang digunakan pada eksperimen ini adalah campuran hidrogen dan oksigen dengan kondisi stokiometrik dan tekanan awal 100 kPa untuk menjamin terjadinya detonasi pada seksi driver, sedangkan pada seksi driven campuran bahan bakar yang digunakan adalah campuran hidrogen - oksigen dengan diluent argon pada variasi tekanan awal mulai 20 kPa hingga 100 kPa. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 3 mekanisme perambatan gelombang detonasi di belakang model.facing step 50%, yaitu a) Reinisiasi detonasi oleh adanya DDT, yaitu kondisi merambatnya kembali gelombang detonasi akibat proses deflagration to detonation transition di daerah downstream dari model setelah sebelumnya quenching detonasi akibat gelombang ekspansi, (b) Reinisiasi detonasi oleh adanya S-W, kondisi merambatnya kembali gelombang detonasi akibat adanya interaksi gelonbang kejut dengan dinding pipa, (c) transmisi detonasi, merupakan proses perambatan gelombang detonasi tanpa melalui proses quenching didaerah downstream dari model.
EVALUASI KINERJA TURBIN GAS ABB GT 13-E1 DI PT INDONESIA POWER UBP PRIOK
Authors: Kartono  , Sekti Kunthi  , Tina Mulya Gantina  
Published: November 2021

Turbin Gas merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting dalam sistem PLTG dan PLTGU, maka dari itu tnrbin gas memerlukan perhatian lebih sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi kinerjanya. Prinsip kerja turbin gas adalah mengkonversi energi kimia yang terkandung di dalam bahan bakar menjadi gas panas, yang selanjutnya tekanan gas panas tersebut dipakai untuk menggerakkan poros turbin untuk menghasilkan listrik, Salah satu gambaran yang dapat menunjukan kinerja turbin gas adalah efisiensi. Bedasarkan hasil pengujian efisiensi dengan menggunakan metode tidak langsung pada turbin gas ABB GT 13 – E1 di PT Indonesia Power UBP Priok, diperoleh data bahwa sudah terjadi penurunan di kompresor, ruang bakar, dan turbin. Penurunan efisiensi di kompresor adalah sebesar 6,5 - 7,3%.; diruang bakar terjadi penurunan efisiensi sebesar 16,8 - 19,1% dan di turbin terjadi penurunan efisiensi sebesar 15,9 - 18,18%. Dengan demikian penurunan efisiensi thermal di turbin gas adalah sebesar l5 -
21%.
PENGARUH VARIASI NILAI RASIO KARBON DAN NITROGEN (C per N RATIO) PADA CAMPURAN KOTORAN KERBAU-SAPI PADA PRODUKSI BIOGAS MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM FERMENTASI BATCH
Authors: Purwinda Iriani  , Tina Mulya Gantina  , Arif Santya Budi  , Florida  
Published: November 2021

Penggunaan energi terbarukan di Indonesia mulai mengalami kenaikan, dimana salah satu jenisnya adalah biogas. Penggunaan biogas pada saat ini banyak memanfaatkan kotoran hewan ruminan sebagai bahan baku utama. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan kajian mengenai perbandingan antara produksi biogas berbahan baku campuran kotoran
kerbau-sapi dengan C:N rasio 40:1, 50:1, 55:l dan 65:1. Pengujian kimiawi bahan baku penelitian menunjukkan bahwa C:N rasio kotoran kerbau adalah 88:l dan kotoran sapi adalah 38,5:1. Fermentasi bahan baku dilakukan dalam keadaan anaerob pada digester 19 liter di temperatur lingkungan selama 34 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan
bahwa total volume biogas tertinggi diperoleh pada bahan baku kerbau-sapi dengan C:N rasio 50:l sebanyak 24,3 liter, sedangkan komposisi gas CH4 tertinggi diperoleh pada baku kotoran kerbau--sapi dengan C:N rasio 55:l yaitu 51,26% di fermentasi pada hari ke- 15.
RANCANGAN SISTEM SUPLAI DAYA DARURAT PADA PLTG TANJUNG UNCANG 2X35 MW
Authors: Ali Mashar  , Siti Saodah  , Achmad Maulana Fathi  
Published: December 2021

Pada sebuah pembangkit listrik terdapat peralatan - peralatan vital tambahan (auxiliary load) yang tidak dapat terputus suplai dayanya baik dalam keadaan normal maupun dalam keadaan darurat (suplai daya dari generator utama terputus). Sistem suplai daya darurat merupakan sistem yang bertugas mensuplai daya pada beban vital tambahan ketika keadaan darurat (emergency). Komponen utama dari sistem suplai daya darurat adalah Emergency Diesel Generator (EDG) berfungsi sebagai pensuplai daya pada sistem tersebut. Besarnya rating daya dari EDG ditentukan dari jumlah beban vital tambahan yang akan disuplai. Berdasarkan pertimbangan kebutuhan daya bebannya, spesifikasi EDG yang digunakan pada PLTG Tanjung Uncang 2x35 MW adalah 1225 kVA dengan tegangan nominal 6,6 kV, frekuensi 50 Hz dan PF 0,8. Electric Transient and Analysis Program (ETAP) digunakan untuk memverifikasi data beban vital tambahan dan untuk melakukan simulasi load flow dan short circuit pada sistem. Simulasi load flow analysis dilakakan untuk mengetahui aliran daya yang mengalir pada jaringan, sedangkan short circuit analysis dilakukan untuk melihat arus gangguan yang mengalir ketika terjadi short circuit (hubung singkat). Dari simulasi load flow analysis didapatkan bahwa daya yang mengalir dari generator menuju jaringan sebesar 754 kW. Dari simulasi short circuit analysis didapatkan jika Bus LV1 terjadi gangguan 3-phase fault 1.631 kA, jika sumber kegagalan terjadi pada Bus LV2 -G 1.222 kA. Sedangkan, jika sumber kegagalan terjadi pada Bus MV1 L-L 0.313 kA, jika sumber gangguan terjadi pada Bus MV2 L-L-G 0.260 kA dan jika sumber kegagalan terjadi pada Bus DC sebesar 5.342 kA.