bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships of the neutrophil–lymphocyte and CRP–albumin ratios with the duration of hospitalization and fatality in geriatric patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kalyon Semih , Gültop Fethi , Şimşek Funda , Adaş Mine 
Published: September 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the associations of the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)–albumin ratio (CAR) with the duration of hospital stay and fatality rate in geriatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Patients older than 65 years with polymerase chain reaction-positive COVID-19 were included. Neutrophil, lymphocyte, CRP, albumin, and demographic data and the duration of hospitalization were recorded. Results The mean length of stay was 15 days. NLR and CAR were significantly higher in patients who died than in those who survived. The cutoffs predictive of mortality were 4.02 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.717) for NLR and 23 for CAR (AUC = 0.781). The fatality rate among patients who required inpatient treatment was 33%. Conclusion NLR and CAR, which can be calculated inexpensively and quickly at the first admission to the hospital, are extremely useful for estimating the duration of hospitalization and risk of mortality in geriatric patients with COVID-19. Using these data, treatment can quickly be intensified when needed.
Factors Affecting Cuff Extrusion of Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters
Authors: Parvulescu Flavius , Oliver Matthew J. , Reyna Myrtha E. , Pugash Robyn , David Elizabeth 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To identify patient and procedural factors associated with extrusion of the Dacron cuff from the subcutaneous tunnel of tunneled hemodialysis catheters (THDCs). Materials and methods: Single center 5-year retrospective analysis of 625 catheters in 293 adult patients. Patient data included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and common comorbidities. Procedural details included type of procedure (new insertion vs. exchange), operator seniority, side of insertion, catheter model and presence of catheter wings skin-sutures. Complications were reported as cumulative risk over time and Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate risk factors for cuff extrusion (CE). Results: Median patient follow-up was 503 days (188,913 catheter-days) and median catheter survival 163 days. CE occurred in 23.8% of catheters, at a rate of 0.79 per 1,000 catheter-days and a median time of 64 days. It was more common than infection (14.6%) and inadequate flow (15.5%). The 1-month and 12-month risk of CE was 5.9% and 21.3% respectively. A first episode of CE was a strong predictor of future CE episodes. The only patient factor that affected the risk of CE was BMI (Hazard Ratio 2.36 for obese patients). Procedural factors that affected the risk of CE, adjusted for BMI, were catheter model, type of procedure (lower risk for new insertions) and catheter wings skin-sutures; the latter reduced the 30-day CE risk by 76% without increasing catheter-related infections. Conclusion: Cuff extrusion is common in long-term THDCs. The risk increases with obesity, history of previous cuff extrusion, certain catheter models and absence of wing-sutures.
Patients’ Expectations of Physiotherapeutic Treatment for Long-Term Side Effects After Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jensen Rikke Klitlund , Jakobsen Sarah , Gundersen Sigrid Velling , Andersen Martin Faerch , Kongsgaard Marianne , Thomsen Janus Laust , Riis Allan 
Published: September 2021

Objective This study aims to explore the expectations of physiotherapeutic treatment of long-term side effects (LTSEs) after cancer among patients treated in physiotherapy clinics. Methods This a qualitative interview study based on a phenomenological approach. Adult patients with LTSEs after cancer were recruited through The Danish Cancer Society and a private physiotherapy clinic in Denmark. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out using Microsoft Teams based on an interview guide piloted before the interviews. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Sampling was conducted with a focus on variation in LTSE. The data were analyzed using Malterud’s principles of systematic text condensation and coded in NVivo 12. Results 2 males and 8 females with an average age of 55.8 years were interviewed for between 40 and 60 minutes from October to November 2020. Four main themes emerged from the interviews 1 : The importance of the physiotherapist’s approach, 2 the benefits of meeting patients with similar symptoms, 3 the importance of receiving knowledge, and 4 patients seeking to maintain their current state more often than aiming to improve their condition. Conclusions Patients consulting a physiotherapy clinic with LTSE after cancer prefer the physiotherapist to have knowledge about cancer and to be emphatic. Furthermore, patients prefer to meet like-minded people and expect support to maintain their current condition rather than improve their condition.
Implementation of Postpartum Depression Screening for Women Participating in the WIC Program
Authors: Giron Kelli , Noe Shelly , Saiki Lori , Kuchler Elizabeth , Rao Satyapriya 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The national average for the occurrence of postpartum depression (PPD) is 11.5%. Women enrolled in the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program are at an elevated risk for PPD symptoms due to risk factors such as a low income, unemployment, low education level, and younger maternal age. Aim: To implement screening for PPD symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (1987) for women participating in the local WIC program with an infant <12 months old and compare results of positive screenings to the national average. The second goal was to provide community resources to those women with a positive score. Methods: Of 72 women screened, 69 scores were used in the comparison of the positive scores to the national Centers for Disease Control and Prevention average of 11.5%. Women were offered community resources after completion of the EPDS. Results: There were 13 positive scores out of the sample size of 69. The percentage of positive scores obtained from these data were 18.84% for the WIC population, which is higher than the national average of 11.5%. This was significant with p = .0494. One limitation of this project was a small sample size. Conclusion: It would be beneficial for the WIC program to screen women for PPD symptoms in this high-risk population, so that recommendations for follow-up care could be made and quality of life could be increased.
CircRNA-MSR Regulates LPS-Induced C28/I2 Chondrocyte Injury through miR-643/MAP2K6 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jia Zhen , Wei Qing-Jun 
Published: September 2021

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by deterioration of articular cartilage functions. Previous studies have confirmed the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in OA, but the role of mechanical stress–related circRNA (circRNA-MSR) in OA is unknown. Design The human chondrocytes C28/I2 were cultured and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish the OA model. The mRNA and protein levels were measured by qRT-PCR or Western blot. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was carried out to detect cell apoptosis. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pull-down assay was conducted to measure circRNA-MSR-related miRNA. Dual-luciferase reporter gene detection was performed to detect the target relationships between miR-643 and circRNA-MSR or Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MAP2K6). The RNA–fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) assay was conducted to verify the localization of circRNA-MSR and miR-643. Results The expressions of circRNA-MSR were upregulated in LPS stimulated C28/I2 cells. Knockdown of circRNA-MSR can inhibit LPS-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and promote cell C28/I2 cells proliferation. Moreover, circRNA-MSR directly targeted miR-643. RNA-FISH exhibited that circRNA-MSR may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-643. Over-expression of miR-643 could alleviate LPS-induced C28/I2 chondrocyte injury and promote cell proliferation. Besides, miR-643 directly bound to MAP2K6 mRNA. MiR-643 inhibition or MAP2K6 overexpression can reverse the role of circRNA-MSR knockdown on LPS-treated chondrocytes. Conclusion circRNA-MSR can upregulate MAP2K6 by targeting miR-643, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis of C28/I2 cells.
Alcohol use disorder and its determinant factors among patients with schizophrenia attending treatment at mental specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tadesse Habtamu , Mirkena Lemu Yohannes , Misgana Tadesse 
Published: September 2021

Background: Alcohol use disorder is one of the primary causes of avoidable death, illness, and injury in many societies throughout the world. Although alcohol use disorder can influence the natural history of a disease, disease recurrence, quality of life, and treatment adherence in psychiatric patients, the data on its magnitude is scarce. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the magnitude of alcohol use disorder and its determinants among patients with schizophrenia attending a mental specialized hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 15 to June 15, 2018. An alcohol use disorder identification test was employed among a sample of 414 randomly selected patients with schizophrenia. Alcohol use disorder was categorized as hazardous drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score of 8–15), harmful drinking (AUDIT score of 16–19), and alcohol dependence (AUDIT score of 20 or above). The data were entered into Epi-Data 3.1 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with alcohol use disorder. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 38.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 33.7, 42.9). Of this, 22.4% of the patients had hazardous drinking, 8.4% harmful drinking, and 7.6% alcohol dependence. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder were male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 5.8, 95% CI 2.55, 13.19), being single (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.63, 5.51), divorced (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.95, 9.47) and widowed (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.39, 8.81), having family history of alcoholism (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.98, 7.19), longer duration of illness (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI 1.83, 8.36), previous history of psychiatric diagnosis (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1, 4.34), and concomitant use of non-alcoholic substances (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.06, 6.74). Conclusions: Almost four in ten patients with schizophrenia had alcohol use disorder. Male sex, single, divorced, and widowed, family history of alcohol use, long duration of illness, previous history of psychiatric diagnosis, and concomitant use of non-alcoholic substances were significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Continuous counseling of at risk populations about alcohol consumption should be strengthened.
Aortic compression of the esophagus: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tomforde Manuela , Kupsch Heidi , Christe Andreas , Sturzenegger Mathias , Essig Manfred 
Published: September 2021

Distal aortic compression of the lower esophagus with consecutive dilatation of the proximal esophagus was first described in the literature in 1932. Here, the authors describe the case of a 66 year-old male complaining of gastroesophageal reflux. Due to a positive family history of carcinoma of the esophagus and compression of the dorsal esophagus during an esophageal barium swallow test, further tests were performed. Endoscopy and CT exam revealed a dilated esophagus due to compression of a crossing aorta. Because of mild symptoms and the absence of dysphagia, no further treatment was necessary except for the use of a proton pump inhibitor and recommended follow-ups every one to two years.
Outcomes of Pediatric Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Scarcella Michael J. , Yalcin Sercan , Scarcella Nicholas R. , Saluan Paul , Farrow Lutul D. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Little has been reported in the literature regarding surgical treatment of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries in pediatric patients. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to evaluate presentation, injury pattern, outcomes, and complications of surgically managed PCL injuries in pediatric patients. It was hypothesized that pediatric patients would have good patient-reported outcomes and no significant radiographic changes or complications. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases between 1975 and December 16, 2019. Search terms included “posterior cruciate ligament,” “peel-off injury,” “avulsion,” “PCL,” “pediatric,” “skeletally immature,” and “adolescent.” Included were studies on pediatric patients with PCL injuries managed operatively. Exclusion criteria included case reports, studies not reporting clinical results, reviews, abstract or conference papers, or papers not in the English language. Quality assessment was performed on all included studies using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) criteria. Results: Four articles comprising 43 knees in 42 patients met the criteria and were included. Motor vehicle accidents were the most common mechanism of injury (39.5%; n = 17/43), followed by sports-related injuries (35%; n = 15/43). All studies commented on tear pattern, with the following distribution: 42% (n = 18/43) midsubstance tears, 37% (n = 16/43) tibial avulsions, and 21% (n = 9/43) femoral avulsions. Overall, good patient-reported outcomes (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee, Tegner, and Lysholm scores) and return to activity, as well as satisfactory posterior stability (KT-1000 arthrometer, posterior drawer test, and kneeling radiographs) and range of motion, were reported. There was no significant leg-length discrepancy or angular deformity reported. Arthrofibrosis was reported in 7% of postoperative knees and was the most commonly reported complication. Osteoarthritis was reported in 21% (n = 9/43) of knees. The average MINORS score was 7 (range, 6-8) for noncomparative studies and 10 for comparative studies. Conclusion: Good patient-reported outcomes and return to activity can be obtained using repair or reconstruction. This evidence was limited by the quality of the included studies and overall small sample size; however, this review serves as a baseline for futures studies on PCL repair/reconstruction in pediatric patients.
Latissimus Dorsi Tendon Reconstruction at the Myotendinous Junction With Acellular Dermal Allograft
Authors: Recker Andrew J. , Torres LeeAnne , Dennis Eric , Scholten Donald J. , Waterman Brian R. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Limited available data have shown latissimus dorsi tendon reconstruction to be an effective treatment for tendon tears in specific subpopulations of elite overhead throwing athletes. Indications: Primary indication for latissimus dorsi tendon reconstruction is a symptomatic, full-thickness humeral avulsion with or without a concomitant teres major tendon tear. Surgical candidates are typically young, high-demand, elite or professional overhead throwing athletes. In this case, the patient is a 29-year-old male former minor league pitcher and current pitching coach with a full-thickness avulsion of the latissimus dorsi tendon. Technique Description: The patient was positioned left lateral decubitus with a dynamic limb positioner maintaining the arm in 90° abduction and maximal internal rotation. This technique used a single posterior axillary incision, which was performed and dissected down to the ruptured latissimus dorsi tendon. We circumferentially applied an acellular dermal allograft to augment the reconstruction at the myotendinous junction. Subsequently, the construct was prepared for transfer with a Krackow suture technique. Suture buttons were used to secure the reconstructed latissimus dorsi tendon to the anatomic footprint on the proximal humerus with a tension slide technique. Results: One case series showed return to the previous level of competition for all baseball pitchers who underwent a latissimus dorsi reconstruction with excellent improvement in visual analog scale pain, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, and Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic scores. Another larger study demonstrated equal return to play rates for professional baseball pitchers with a latissimus dorsi tear treated either nonoperatively or operatively. However, those treated operatively had no decline in performance, whereas the nonoperative cohort saw decline in some statistics. Conclusion: Latissimus dorsi tendon reconstruction using an acellular dermal allograft at the myotendinous junction is a viable treatment option for elite overhead throwing athletes with full-thickness tendon avulsions. It allows for full return to play, particularly if the patient has failed nonoperative management.
Macrophages and cancer stem cells: a malevolent alliance
Authors: Allavena Paola , Digifico Elisabeth , Belgiovine Cristina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMyeloid cells infiltrating tumors are gaining ever growing attention in the last years because their pro-tumor and immunosuppressive functions are relevant for disease progression and therapeutic responses. The functional ambiguity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), mostly promoting tumor evolution, is a challenging hurdle. This is even more evident in the case of cancer stem cells (CSCs); as active participants in the specialized environment of the cancer stem cell niche, TAMs initiate a reciprocal conversation with CSCs. TAMs contribute to protect CSCs from the hostile environment (exogenous insults, toxic compounds, attacks from the immune cells), and produce several biologically active mediators that modulate crucial developmental pathways that sustain cancer cell stemness. In this review, we have focused our attention on the interaction between TAMs and CSCs; we describe how TAMs impact on CSC biology and, in turn, how CSCs exploit the tissue trophic activity of macrophages to survive and progress. Since CSCs are responsible for therapy resistance and tumor recurrence, they are important therapeutic targets. In view of the recent success in oncology obtained by stimulating the immune system, we discuss some macrophage-targeted therapeutic strategies that may also affect the CSCs and interrupt their malevolent alliance.
Genome-wide association study and transcriptome of olecranon-type traits in peach (Prunus persica L.) germplasm
Authors: Liu Jianliang , Bao Yao , Zhong Yuming , Wang Qin , Liu Huifan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The top of the olecranon honey peach (Prunus persica L.) fruit appears similar to an eagle’s beak. In this study, a single olecranon honey peach with a round-type fruit was observed in our fruit orchard. To explore the genetic mechanism of olecranon formation, we performed full-length transcriptome sequencing analysis of olecranon and round peaches as well as a genome-wide association study of the association of olecranon-type trait loci.

Results
The gene locus was 26,924,482 base pairs in NC_034014.1. Transcriptome sequencing showed that the clean sequencing data of each sample reached 7.10GB, with 14,360 genes and 23,167 transcripts expressed in both the olecranon honey peach and round peach. Among the 11 differentially expressed genes selected as candidate genes, six were highly expressed in olecranon peach and named as LOC18775282, LOC18772209, LOC18773929, LOC18772013, LOC18773401, and ONT.13798.5. Five genes were highly expressed in round peach and named as LOC18773079, LOC18773525, LOC18773067, LOC18775244, and LOC18772236. Notably, ONT.13798.5 was not previously identified. The genes were within 1 Mb up- or down-stream of the main genome-wide association study locus for olecranon-type traits.

Conclusions
This study revealed loci associated with olecranon and provides useful information for analysis and breeding of olecranon honey peach.
An efficient method to identify virus-specific TCRs for TCR-T cell immunotherapy against virus-associated malignancies
Authors: Chen Lei , Dong Lianhua , Ma Yipeng , Wang Juntao , Qiao Dongjuan , Tian Geng , Wang Mingjun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAdoptive transfer of T cells genetically engineered with a T cell receptor (TCR) is a promising cancer treatment modality that requires the identification of TCRs with good characteristics. Most T cell cloning methods involve a stringent singularization process, which necessitates either tedious hands-on operations or high cost. We present an efficient and nonstringent cloning approach based on existing techniques. We hypothesize that after elimination of most nonspecific T cells, a clonotype with high quality could outcompete other clonotypes and finally form a predominant population. This TCR identification method can be used to clone virus-specific TCRs efficiently from cancer patients and is easily adoptable by any laboratory.
Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota
Authors: Cuisiniere Thibault , Calvé Annie , Fragoso Gabriela , Oliero Manon , Hajjar Roy , Gonzalez Emmanuel , Santos Manuela M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundOral iron supplementation is commonly prescribed for anemia and may play an important role in the gut microbiota recovery of anemic individuals who received antibiotic treatment. This study aims to investigate the effects of iron supplementation on gut microbiota recovery after antibiotics exposure.ResultsMice were subjected to oral antibiotic treatment with neomycin and metronidazole and were fed diets with different concentrations of iron. The composition of the gut microbiota was followed throughout treatment by 16S rRNA sequencing of DNA extracted from fecal samples. Gut microbiota functions were inferred using PICRUSt2, and short-chain fatty acid concentration in fecal samples was assessed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry. Iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure shifted the gut microbiota composition towards a Bacteroidetes phylum-dominant composition. At the genus level, the iron-supplemented diet induced an increase in the abundance ofParasutterellaandBacteroides, and a decrease ofBilophilaandAkkermansia.Parasutterella excrementihominis,Bacteroides vulgatus, andAlistipes finegoldii, were more abundant with the iron excess diet. Iron-induced shifts in microbiota composition were accompanied by functional modifications, including an enhancement of the biosynthesis of primary bile acids, nitrogen metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism and pentose phosphate pathways. Recovery after antibiotic treatment increased propionate levels independent of luminal iron levels, whereas butyrate levels were diminished by excess iron.ConclusionsOral iron supplementation after antibiotic therapy in mice may lead to deleterious changes in the recovery of the gut microbiota. Our results have implications on the use of oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure and justify further studies on alternative treatments for anemia in these settings.