bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compact broadband silicon-integrated Airy beam emitter
Authors: Hao Weiming , Wang Jian , Chen Lin 
Published: July 2021

Optical Airy beams have wide-ranging applications in photonics, but conventional approaches for generating Airy beams require bulky and strictly aligned optical systems. Here, we propose on-chip compact Airy beam emitters by using a shallow-etched holography grating on a silicon platform. The holography grating, formed by the binary interferogram of the guided wave and the spatial Airy beam, can scatter the guided waves into spatial waves with the phase distributions being consistent with those of Airy beam. The simulation demonstrates that a

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holography grating on a strip waveguide enables the realization of 2D Airy beam within the wavelength range from 1490 to 1570 nm. Our results suggest a promising avenue towards potential applications in on-chip imaging, optical forces, optical interconnection, etc.
¿Son las tecnologías de la información capaces de cambiar las formas de hacer política? Estudio de casos en Galicia
Authors: García Vázquez Yolanda , Ferrás Sexto Carlos 
Published: July 2021

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En la sociedad industrial los políticos tenían que dominar el lenguaje de la TV pues interesaba más la intensidad de la reacción que la duración del mensaje; debían emplear frases contundentes. En la Sociedad de la Información, con las tecnologías de la comunicación (Tic), esto cambia considerablemente pues la sociedad gana pluralismo y hay más voces que se hacen oír. Aparecen los Blogs como una forma de emitir opinión e información, que podemos considerar como una forma de expresión alternativa (aportan visiones diferentes de las noticias, ignoradas por los grandes medios). Los activistas, partidos políticos, instituciones y ciudadanos encuentran en las Webs, Blogs o Wikis un instrumento para insistir y crear opinión. Las Tic y las herramientas colaborativas de la Web 2.0 generan un mayor interés social en la política, un mayor compromiso e implicación de los individuos y la desaparición de los intermediarios políticos. En estas páginas se muestra una reflexión sobre los impactos de las Tic en la política a nivel teórico, y los resultados de un análisis cualitativo de casos a partir de la observación del uso que hacen de las Tic la plataforma ciudadana “Nunca Máis”, el gobierno autónomo de la Xunta de Galicia, el Parlamento de Galicia y el partido político Bloque Nacionalista Galego.
Predictor factors of pulmonary hypertension in children with left-to-right shunting in acyanotic congenital heart disease
Authors: Inrianto Weny , Murni Indah Kartika , Safitri Ida 
Published: July 2021

Background Left-to-right shunting in acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of defect in childhood heart disease. Limited access to specialist health services causes delays in CHD management. In limited resource settings, identification of factors that influence the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension is important in order to decide which patients should be prioritized for defect closure to prevent further complications.
Objective To determine predictive factors of pulmonary hypertension after a left-to-right shunt CHD diagnosis.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included children aged 1 month to 17 years with isolated atrial septal defect, or ventricular septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus. Potential predictors studied were iron deficiency anemia, mitral regurgitation, pneumonia, and heart failure. Bivariate analysis was done with Chi-square test and multivariate analysis was done with Cox regression to determine the hazard ratio.
Results Pulmonary hypertension occurred in 68 of 176 subjects. Iron deficiency anemia, mitral regurgitation, and pneumonia were not predictives of pulmonary hypertension. However, heart failure was a significant predictive factor for pulmonary hypertension, with a hazard ratio of 4.1 (95%CI 2.2 to 7.5; P=0.001).
Conclusions Heart failure is a predictive factor of pulmonary hypertension in children with left-to-right shunting in acyanotic CHD.
Serum ferritin levels and endocrine disorders in children with thalassemia major
Authors: Dewiyanti Evi , Aditiawati Aditiawati , Sari Dian Puspita 
Published: July 2021

Background Endocrine disorders in thalassemia major children patients occur due to iron overload and hemosiderosis in endocrine organs. Early detection is needed to prevent complications and improve the quality of life. An association between serum ferritin and endocrine disorders in thalassemia patients has been inconclusive to date.
Objective To analyze for possible associations between serum ferritin and endocrine disorders (short stature, delayed puberty, delayed bone age, hypothyroidism, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes mellitus) and the incidence of each disorder in thalassemia major.
Methods There were 115 thalassemia major patients aged 10-18 years involved in our cross-sectional study from June 2019 - June 2020 in the Pediatrics Department, DR. M Hosein Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera. Anthropometry and socioeconomic status informations were collected from physical examination and interview. Ferritin, FT4, TSH, Hb and glucose levels measured by using standard methods for each item in the laboratory, mean while the skeletal age assessment was determined by using FELS method.
Results This study included 83 (72.2%) girls and 32 (27.8%) boys. There were 89 (77.4%) subjects with short stature, 74 (64.4%) with delayed bone age, 30 (26.1%) with impaired glucose tolerance, 25 (21.7%) with delayed puberty, 4 (3.5%) with diabetes mellitus (DM), and none with hypothyroidism. Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed no associations between serum ferritin and short stature, delayed bone age, impaired glucose tolerance, delayed puberty, and DM.
Conclusion There is a high prevalence of endocrine disorders in pediatric thalassemia patients, especially short stature and delayed bone age. However, there are no associations between serum ferritin and endocrine disorders in these patients.
The “Lyrical World” as One of the Manifestations of the Existential Quests of the Characters of G. I. Gazdanov’s Novels when They Perceive Music
Authors: Kukhtenkova Anastasia 
Published: July 2021

The article presents the employment of lexical textual paradigms in the explications of related motives in the novels by G. I. Gazdanov (lyrical world and musical stories). The associative-synonymous microfield lyric world, including metaphorical periphrases, repetitions, different ways of describing the functioning of contextual synonymy, is correlated with the associative-thematic microfield, which is built by the hyponyms reflecting the theme of music, and the distinctive-feature words are signals of states of a performer or a listener of musical sounds. The compositional relation and the significance of these leitmotifs in the manifestations of their confessional character, the prospective function, and the emigrant subtext are established. That is, the reference to the representation of the lyrical world in the works of this writer reveals the interaction of related leitmotifs, reflecting the depths of the characters' confessional nature, the manifestation of their "spiritual psychobiography." The compositional frame of harmonious balance, emotional calmness is the basis of the lyrical world. A specific feature of G.I. Gazdanov’s ideostyle is the supporting of the lyrical world with musical sounds, a blurred boundary between leitmotifs.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in The Community
Authors: Krisniawati Nia , Widhi Anriani Puspita Karunia Ning 
Published: July 2021

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) data collection of Escherichia coli resistant to cephalosporin generation III already confirmed in 86 countries. Incredibly high carrier prevalence rates were also widely developed in Thailand, Egypt, and China. The Faculty of Medicine's research team at Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, discovered at the beginning of 2018 that Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli carriers throughout the 2015 class students were 26.8 percent.Objective: This research investigated the Prevalence and associated factors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE) asymptomatic carriers in the community.Methods: The participant fill a questionnaire, and samples were taken from rectal swabs using Amies transport medium (Labware Charuzu), and then models were analyze using HiCrome ™ ESBL Agar Base (Himedia, India). Analysis of its Prevalence and Resistance Predictors uses IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22.0 for Windows (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp).Results: The Prevalence of EPE asymptomatic carriers in the community in Purwokerto was 66.7%. In the bivariate analysis, subjects who took antacids in the last eight weeks, history of hospitalization in the previous 12 months, the habit of consuming milk, yogurt, cheese, meat, seafood, and raw vegetables did not show any significant difference. Frequent chicken and freshwater fish consumption tended to be a risk factor for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae with PR 1.462, 95% CI (1.115-1.918); PR 1.666, 95% CI (0.936-2.966); however, in the multivariate logistic regression analysis, this was not significant.Conclusion: The Prevalence of EPE asymptomatic carriers in the community in Purwokerto is 66.7%. All variables did not become any significant of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. However, ESBL remains an emerging antimicrobial resistance.
FAIR and Open Data in Science: The Opportunity for IUPAC
Authors: Bruno Ian , Coles Simon , Koch Wolfram , McEwen Leah , Meyers Fabienne , Stall Shelley 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
At the start of 2020, IUPAC’s Committee on Publications and Cheminformatics Data Standards (CPCDS) formed a Task Force to propose guidelines for the dissemination and sharing of machine-readable chemical data. These guidelines would be for IUPAC to adopt internally and recommend to the wider chemistry community.
IUPAC Focus on Digital Health
Authors: Johannessen Helle Møller , Petersen Ulla Magdal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The G-Science Academies of Science and of Medicine published a statement in 2020 titled “Digital Health and the Learning Health System." The statement is interesting and relevant to the work of the Div. VII Chemistry and Human Health, and especially to the Subcommittee on Nomenclature for Properties and Units (SC-NPU).
Diffusion Research with Nanoporous Material
Authors: Kärger Jörg , Ruthven Douglas M. , Valiullin Rustem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Owing to their potential for eco-friendly matter upgrading by molecular sieving and shape-selective conversion, nanoporous materials are among the pioneers of green chemistry. The performance of their application is often controlled by diffusion, i.e. the rate of mass transfer within these materials. This mass transfer, however, is rather complex and subject to numerous influences. Unambiguous diffusion measurement has thus remained a challenge to this day with errors in the interpretation of experimental data being all too common. The present feature reports the efforts of an IUPAC initiative to overcome these limitations.
Green synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles prepared using Trigonella foenum-graecum L. leaves grown in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rizwana Humaira , Alwhibi Mona S. , Aldarsone Hadeel A. , Awad Manal Ahmed , Soliman Dina A. , Bhat Ramesa Shafi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for medical applications particularly as antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant microbial strains. Some plants stimulate the reduction of Ag ions to AgNPs. In this study, we prepared AgNPs via the green synthesis approach using fenugreek leaves grown in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, we characterized these AgNPs and evaluated their antimicrobial activities against pathogenic yeast, bacteria, and fungi. The ultraviolet-visible peak at 380 nm confirmed the biosynthesis of NPs. Transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed particle size in the range of 9–57 nm with a spherical shape. Dynamic light scattering results confirm slight aggregation as the average particle size was shown as 68.71 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.083. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed an intense peak at 3 keV, indicating the presence of elemental AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs efficiently inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; however, varying degree of inhibition was shown toward fungi. The potent antimicrobial ability of the synthesized NPs can be attributed to their small size and round shape. Among all test organisms, the growth of Candida albicans and Helminthosporium sativum was remarkably affected by AgNPs treatment.
Mode of delivery and adverse short- and long-term outcomes in vertex-presenting very preterm born infants: a European population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Wolf Hanne Trap , Weber Tom , Schmidt Stephan , Norman Mikael , Varendi Heili , Piedvache Aurélie , Zeitlin Jennifer , Huusom Lene Drasbek 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To compare mortality, morbidity and neurodevelopment by mode of delivery (MOD) for very preterm births with low prelabour risk of caesarean section (CS).

Methods
The study was a population-based prospective cohort study in 19 regions in 11 European countries. Multivariable mixed effects models and weighted propensity score models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) by observed MOD and the unit’s policy regarding MOD. Population: Singleton vertex-presenting live births at 24 + 0 to 31 + 6 weeks of gestation without serious congenital anomalies, preeclampsia, HELLP or eclampsia, antenatal detection of growth restriction and prelabour CS for fetal or maternal indications.

Results
Main outcome measures: A composite of in-hospital mortality and intraventricular haemorrhage (grade III/IV) or periventricular leukomalacia. Secondary outcomes were components of the primary outcome, 5 min Apgar score <7 and moderate to severe neurodevelopmental impairment at two years of corrected age. The rate of CS was 29.6% but varied greatly between countries (8.0–52.6%). MOD was not associated with the primary outcome (aOR for CS 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–1.50) when comparing units with a systematic policy of CS or no policy of MOD to units with a policy of vaginal delivery (aOR 0.88; 95% CI 0.59–1.32). No association was observed for two-year neurodevelopment impairment for CS (aOR 1.15; 95% CI 0.66–2.01) or unit policies (aOR 1.04; 95% CI 0.63–1.70).

Conclusions
Among singleton vertex-presenting live births without medical complications requiring a CS at 24 + 0 to 31 + 6 weeks of gestation, CS was not associated with improved neonatal or long-term outcomes.
Assessment of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy and the effect of disease severity on transient tachypnea in the newborn in uncomplicated fetuses
Authors: Madendağ Yusuf , Sahin Erdem , Col Madendag Ilknur , Eraslan Sahin Mefkure 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Considering the effects of bile-acid levels on fetal lungs and pulmonary surfactants, we hypothesized that in the presence of intrahepatic pregnancy cholestasis (ICP), poor neonatal respiratory problems are observed in relation to the severity of the disease. Delivery timing with the presence of ICP is scheduled during late-preterm and early term gestational weeks. The aim of this study was to assess ICP and disease severity effects on transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) in uncomplicated fetuses.

Methods
This study comprised 1,097 singleton pregnant women who were separated into three groups—control, mild ICP, and severe ICP. The pregnant women diagnosed with ICP between January 2010 and September 2020 was investigated using the hospital’s database. For the control group, healthy pregnant women who met the same exclusion criteria and were similar in terms of maternal age, gestational age at delivery, and mode of delivery were analyzed.

Results
The TTN rate was 14.5% in the severe ICP group, 6.5% in the mild ICP group, and 6.2% in the control group. The TTN rate in the severe ICP group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (p<0.001). Similarly, the rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit was significantly higher in the severe ICP group than in the other groups (p<0.001). According to Pearson correlation analyses, maternal serum bile–acid levels were positively correlated with TTN (r=0.082; p=0.002).

Conclusions
Severe ICP, but not mild ICP, and serum bile–acid levels were positively correlated with increased TTN risk and reduced pulmonary surfactant levels.
Quantifying Age-Related Changes in Brain and Behavior: A Longitudinal versus Cross-Sectional Approach
Authors: Argiris Georgette , Stern Yaakov , Habeck Christian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCross-sectional versus longitudinal comparisons of age-related change have often revealed differing results. In the current study, we used within-subject task-based fMRI to investigate changes in voxel-based activations and behavioral performance across the life span in the Reference Ability Neural Network cohort, at both baseline and 5 year follow-up. We analyzed fMRI data from between 127 and 159 participants (20–80 years) on a battery of tests relating to each of four cognitive reference abilities. We applied a Gaussian age kernel to capture continuous change across the life span using a 5 year sliding window centered on each age in our participant sample, with a subsequent division into young, middle, and old age brackets. This method was applied separately to both cross-sectional approximations of change and real longitudinal changes adopting a comparative approach. We then focused on longitudinal measurements of neural change to identify regions expressing peak changes and fluctuations of sign change across our sample. Our results revealed several regions expressing divergence between cross-sectional and longitudinal measurements in each domain and age bracket; behavioral comparisons between measurements showed differences in change curves for all four domains, with processing speed displaying the steepest declines. In the longitudinal change measurement, we found lack of support for age-related frontal increases across analysis types, instead finding more posterior regions displaying peak increases in activation, particularly in the old age bracket. Our findings encourage greater focus on longitudinal measurements of age-related changes, which display appreciable differences from cross-sectional approximations.
COGNITIVE TRANSLATION STRATEGIES (ON THE MATERIAL OF COMIC BOOK “THE DESTINY OF NUMANTIA”)
Authors: Khodorenko Anna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe background of the article are the aspects of the problem solving in the process oftranslation, as well as the aspect of cognitive metaphor translation Theoretical background goes tothe works dedicated to intersemiotic translation of the comics, particularly the comic book “Aius.El Destino de Numancia (Ayus. The Destiny of Numantia)” from Spanish into Russian.
The purpose of the article is to discuss problem of equivalency characterized in generalterms of the theory and practice of translation.
The research material has been specified with the methods of description and analyticalobservation of the process of problem solving in the translation process.
Results. The material of the article is the original book and the original publishedtranslation of Spanish comics based on the Numantia real story, historical fight against Romanexpansion led by ancient people of Numantia, modern territory of Castille and Leon, Spain. Thedifficulties of translation, mainly, stylistic, cognitive, cultural conflicts in the process of translatingare discussed and analyzed.Based on the identified typological characteristics, types, components,functions of the source language, the most commonly used problem solving model has beenconstructed and most usable translation strategies are highlighted, as well as there wererecommended solutions to emerging problems of the lacunarity concept problem solving, complexasymmetric constructions translation solutions.
Discussion. The emotional-cognitive component, the value of intercultural adaptation, in theframework of heuristic theory in the process of further developing of the theory and practice ofprofessional translation was substantiated. It has been outlined the perspectives of the current studywith a cognitive component included, gaining relevance in the process of general globalization andtrends of modern society as well as the role of the translation in it.
COMMUNICATIVE-PRAGMATIC POTENTIAL OF THE MEANS OF EXPRESSION OF FUTURAL MEANING IN PUBLICISTIC DISCOURSE OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE
Authors: Kirkovs'ka Inga 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground. The article under consideration focuses on the comprehensive research of CF,integrating stylistic, lexico-grammatical and communicative contexts of its realization in publicisticdiscourse of the French language.
The purpose of the study is to investigate the stylistic and communicative peculiarities ofthe publicistic type of discourse, research the discourse differences between publicistic and literarytypes of discourse, define the types of futural semantics in publicistic type of discourse in theFrench language and specify their communicative potential.
Methods of the research. The article under discussion applies comprehensive approach toCF research: interpretation procedure to differentiate modus components and separate modalmeanings of CF, method of semantic generalization to study the CF tense forms usage, thediscourse analysis operations to discover the remote structure with futural meaning, contextual andfunctional-stylistic analyses to discover CF semantics in separate microcontexts.
Results of the investigation. The notions of strategy and tactics of language communication,overall context of utterance and speaker’s communicative aim producing, realized within a singlecommunicative act, are the foundation of the communicative-pragmatic analysis of the types ofdiscourse, implementing CF. Publicistic discourse is regarded as a certain type of discourse, as acorrelate of publicistic style. The communicative-pragmatic effect realization in a certain type ofdiscourse may involve the combination of semantic-stylistic and contextological analysis of theutterance. The analysis of the factual material proves that predictive publicism makes a significantpart of CF rate of usage.
Discussion. It has been found out that publicistic discourse feeds into existential discoursebasic model. Its essence is in semiotization of the future reality in the long term or near-termperspective. The comparison of the tenses usage in publicistic and literary texts has demonstratedthe difference in their temporal structure – publicistic style, as opposed to literary style, ischaracteristic of preservation of frequency of the timeframe. Publicistic style, as well as literarystyle, contains futural contexts, which include integrative combinations of the verbs of movement,semantics of verbs, conveying different types of aspectual situations and grammar means.Publicistic type of discourse of the French language contains all four moods of French, able torealize two major forms of futural semantics – “future prediction” and “volitive future”. Prospectsof the future investigations lie in the study of CF expression in different types of language acts suchas: emotional-evaluative, declarative, directive, commissive, representative, in particular, wishes,permissions, demands, hints. Moreover, it seems highly potential to research CF in different typesof discourse, namely, in esoteric, culinary, advertese, intensional, etc.