bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Inflammatory Markers with Renal Dysfunction and Their Outcome in Symptomatic Adult COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Wadke Ravi , Singh Shalendra , Gupta Amul , Samel Samveda Shirish , Taank Priya 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common complications associated with mortality.

Aim:
This study aims to find the correlation between renal dysfunction and inflammatory markers and their outcome in COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
The study was carried out in 100 patients whose inflammatory markers were available on the day of admission among the 814 patients with COVID-19.

Results:
Fifty-six percent of patients had moderate, and 36% of patients had severe disease outcomes including mortality in nine patients. Out of all the factors studied, advanced age, presence of chronic liver disease, increased levels of blood urea, serum creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), decreased creatinine clearance were found to be significantly associated with risk of mortality (P < 0.05). Out of all the factors studied, advanced age increased interleukin (IL)-6 values, increased serum ferritin values, and known cases of hypertension (HTN) were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of AKI (P < 0.05). The death rate among those with AKI was more than double, i.e., 13.3% compared to only 5.5% without AKI. It was found that only IL-6 was significantly more in those who died having AKI compared to those who recovered with AKI (P < 0.05) but other inflammatory markers were not significantly associated with this (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Significant risk factors of AKI were advanced age, increased IL-6 values, increased serum ferritin values, and known cases of HTN. Significant risk factors for mortality were advanced age, presence of chronic liver disease, increased levels of blood urea, serum creatinine and LDH, decreased creatinine clearance.
Los impactos de la pandemia de la Covid-19 en los mercados laborales de América Latina
Authors: Velasco Jacobo 
Published: September 2021

La pandemia del COVID-19 generó en 2020 la mayor crisis económica que América Latina y el Caribe habrá experimentado en su historia, con una contracción estimada del PIB regional de -9,1%. La fuerte contracción económica ha tenido un impacto significativo en el mercado laboral de la región, con consecuencias en la destrucción de empleos, en el aumento de la desocupación y en la precarización de las condiciones laborales. Si bien la región ha enfrentado diversas crisis que impactaron sus economías y mercados laborales, generando grandes desafíos para las políticas sociolaborales, ninguna tuvo la rapidez, profundidad e impacto en la demanda y oferta de las economías y en los mercados laborales de la región como la crisis sanitaria. A su vez, históricamente las crisis gatillaron presiones en los marcos institucionales y en la capacidad para la articulación de las políticas sociolaborales, lo que ha implicado revisar y generar arreglos en la arquitectura institucional y en los instrumentos para la toma de decisiones. A la hora de generar una respuesta a la crisis frente a la pandemia de la COVID-19, estos desafíos también se presentan a una escala global, regional y nacional.
La respuesta inmediata a la pandemia ha implicado medidas de contención que afectan tanto la oferta y la demanda económica y laboral, con incertidumbre sobre el proceso de normalización y sobre la efectividad de las políticas para acompañar dicho proceso. La necesidad de enfrentar los efectos crisis de la COVID-19 en los países de América Latina y el Caribe ofrece una oportunidad para reflexionar sobre el tipo de respuestas a la crisis cuando requieren complementariedad de políticas (salud, económicas, laborales y de seguridad social) y de plazos, que afecta de forma distinta (sectores, tamaños de empresa, grupos vulnerables) a la oferta y demanda laboral, y a la capacidad de las instituciones sociolaborales para dar una respuesta oportuna. Como consecuencia toma importancia revisitar las experiencias de respuestas a crisis, el tipo de políticas disponibles y los requerimientos de nuevas políticas y articulaciones institucionales para enfrentar los efectos de corto y mediano plazo de la pandemia de la COVID-19.
Runnorexia: una revisión sobre la adicción al ejercicio físico en corredores (Runnorexia: a review of physical exercise addiction in runners)
Authors: Prieto Andreu Joel Manuel 
Published: September 2021

Para el sujeto con runnorexia todo puede girar en torno al entrenamiento, lo que podría acarrear modificaciones en sus hábitos, alterando su estilo de vida, alimentación y relaciones sociales. El objetivo de esta revisión consiste en realizar un análisis de los estudios sobre adicción al ejercicio físico en corredores y establecer el perfil del corredor que se encuentra en riesgo de poseer una adicción a salir a correr. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando combinaciones de las palabras clave: “adicción”, “ejercicio físico”, “corredores”. Se siguieron las directrices de la declaración PRISMA y se analizaron los participantes, instrumentos y resultados de los 12 trabajos seleccionados de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión/exclusión, evaluándose el rigor metodológico mediante un sistema de clasificación estructurado. Los resultados indican que la runnorexia podría presentarse en corredores aficionados de larga distancia entre 35 y 45 años con una menor experiencia deportiva, con elevada Adicción Negativa a Correr (ANC) y ansiedad provocada por la necesidad de competir, con búsqueda de reconocimiento social y dominio, con preocupación acerca de sus errores y con unos altos estándares personales.
Abstract. For runnorexic everything can revolve around training, which could lead to changes in their habits, alter their lifestyle, their diet and social relationships. The objective of this review is to analysis of studies on fitness addiction in runners and establish the profile of the runner who is at risk of having an addiction to running. The search for articles was carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, using combinations of the keywords: "addiction", "physical exercise", "runners". The guidelines of the PRISMA statement were followed and the participants, instruments and results of the 12 selected studies were analyzed according to the inclusion / exclusion criteria, according to the relevance of the information extracted in the studies, specifying 5 evaluation criteria, evaluating the methodological rigor through a structured classification system. The main results indicate that runnorexia could occur in long-distance amateur runners between 35 and 45 years with less sports experience, with high Negative Running Addiction (NRA) and anxiety caused by the need to compete, seeking social recognition and dominance, worried about their mistakes and with high personal goals.
Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil (La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil)
Authors: Miranda Kessketlen Alves , Gouveia Élvio Rubio , Gouveia Bruna , Marques Adilson , Campos Pedro , Tinôco Antonieta , Jurema Jefferson , Kliegel Matthias , Ihle Andreas 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread skeletal muscle disorder involving loss of muscle mass and function, and is associated with several outcomes, including falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed: (1) to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia, falls, and the risk of falls considering age, sex, and the level of physical activity (PA), and (2) to identify which of these predictors better explained the likelihood that participants present risk of fall. A total of 701 participants (433 women) with a mean age of 70.4±6.9. Sarcopenia was determined according to the most recent guidelines from the European Working Group (EWGSOP2). The prevalence of falls and the level of physical activity were assessed by questionnaires. The risk of falls was assessed using the Fullerton Advance Balance (FAB) scale. This study provides evidence that women (OR: 2.5, p<0.001), the oldest people (OR: 1.1 p<0.001), and people who had identified sarcopenia (OR: 2.9 p<0.001), and lower level of physical activity (OR: 2.9 p<0.001), were more likely to present the risk of falls. Implications for vulnerable aging are discussed.
Resumen. Introducción: La sarcopenia es un trastorno del músculo esquelético generalizado y progresivo que implica pérdida de masa y función muscular y se asocia con varios resultados, que incluyen caídas, deterioro funcional, fragilidad y mortalidad. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo: (1) estimar la prevalencia de sarcopenia, caídas y el riesgo de caídas considerando la edad, el sexo y el nivel de actividad física (AF), y (2) identificar cuál de estos predictores explicaba mejor la probabilidad que los participantes presentan riesgo de caída. Un total de 701 participantes (433 mujeres) con una edad media de 70,4 ± 6,9 años. La sarcopenia se determinó de acuerdo con las guías más recientes del Grupo de trabajo europeo (EWGSOP2). La prevalencia de caídas y el nivel de AF se evaluaron mediante cuestionarios. El riesgo de caídas se evaluó mediante la escala Fullerton Advance Balance (FAB). Este estudio proporciona evidencia de que las mujeres (OR: 2,5, p <0,001), las personas mayores (OR: 1,1 p <0,001) y las personas que habían identificado sarcopenia (OR: 2,9 p <0,001) y un nivel más bajo de AP (OR: 2,9 p <0,001), tenían más probabilidades de presentar riesgo de caídas. Se discuten las implicaciones para el envejecimiento vulnerable.
La competencia deportiva en pueblos amerindios: casos heterodoxos para entender otras lógicas de actuación (Sports competition in Amerindian villages: heterodox cases to understand other actuation logic)
Authors: Acuna Delgado Angel 
Published: September 2021

El propósito general de este trabajo es ofrecer hechos significativos que permitan entender otras formas de interpretar la competencia en la actividad deportiva. En tal sentido se presentan aquí dos casos concretos de deportes de competición en pueblos amerindios, uno arraigado en la tradición: la carrera rarámuri, y otro importado del exterior: el fútbol yanomami. A partir de los datos producidos como fruto de la metodología etnográfica empleada en ambos pueblos (2001-2005 con rarámuris; 2004-2007 con yanomamis), se responde a seis objetivos básicos: describir las peculiaridades de ambas manifestaciones deportivas; resaltar el papel que juega el contexto en la interpretación y reinterpretación de la competencia; analizar las implicaciones y consecuencias que se derivan de ella; observar cuál es el espíritu e intencionalidad de las normas aplicadas; destacar patrones comunes y reflexionar sobre los valores que se desprenden en ambos casos. Los resultados ofrecen un claro contraste con lo que en materia de competencia deportiva es habitual en las sociedades modernas, y constituyen un testimonio de lo que otros pueblos apartados de los medios de comunicación pueden aportar.
Abstract. The general purpose of this work is to offer significant facts that allow understand other ways of interpreting competition in sports activity. In this sense, two specific cases of competition sports in Amerindian villages are presented here, one born from the tradition: the Rarámuri race, and another imported from abroad: Yanomami football. From the data produced, as a result of the ethnographic methodology used in both towns (2001-2005 with Rarámuris; 2004-2007 with Yanomamis), six basic objectives are threatened: to describe the peculiarities of both sporting events; highlight the role of context in the interpretation and reinterpretation of competition; analyze the implications and consequences of competition; observe the spirit and intentionality of the rules applied; highlight common patterns and reflect on the values that emerge in both cases. The results stand in stark contrast to what is common in sport competition in modern societies, and are a testament to what other peoples separated from the media can bring.
Componentes del desempeño en la práctica profesional de estudiantes de educación física: perspectivas y significados desde la triada formativa (Performance components in the professional practice of physical education students: perspectives and meanings
Authors: Hinojosa Torres Claudio , Araya Hernández Anthony , Vargas Díaz Hugo , Hurtado Guerrero Macarena 
Published: September 2021

La formación docente es un asunto que ha cobrado importancia en Chile producto de cambios derivados de nuevas políticas emanadas desde el Mineduc, específicamente las contenidas en la ley 20.903, la cual puso como intención mejorar la formación de los futuros profesores generando una serie de cambios que, entre otros, revalorizaron las prácticas en la formación docente, buscando posibilitar la articulación entre lo aprendido en la universidad y lo requerido en el contexto escolar. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo develar los componentes que se precisan para el desempeño de la práctica profesional desde la perspectiva y significado que le otorgan los integrantes de la triada formativa. Se orientó metodológicamente como investigación cualitativa con un diseño fenomenológico, considerando para la recogida de información la entrevista semiestructurada, la que se aplicó a una muestra de participantes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados muestran que los significados se orientan en tres grandes focos: formación docente, práctica pedagógica y triada formativa, los cuales integran una serie de competencias, responsabilidades y acciones que deben ser consideradas para el óptimo desempeño de la práctica profesional en un estudiante de pedagogía en educación física.
Abstract. Teacher training is an issue that has become important in Chile as a result of changes arising from new policies emanating from Mineduc, specifically those contained in Law 20.903, which intended to improve the training of future teachers generating a series of changes that, among others, revalued the practices in teacher training, seeking to enable the articulation between what was learned in the university and what was required in the school context. The purpose of this study is to reveal the components required for the performance of professional practice from the meanings given by tutor teachers, mentoring teachers and pedagogy students in physical education. It was methodologically oriented as qualitative research with a phenomenological design, considering for the collection of information the semi-structured interview, which was applied to a sample of subjects who met the criteria of inclusion. The results show that the meanings are oriented in three main focuses: teacher training, pedagogical practice and training triad, which integrate a series of competencies, responsibilities and actions that must be considered for the optimal performance of professional practice in a student of pedagogy in physical education.
Cambios en hábitos saludables relacionados con actividad física y sedentarismo durante un confinamiento nacional por covid-19 (Changes in healthy habits regarding physical activity and sedentary lifestyle during a national lockdown due to covid-19)
Authors: Santos-Miranda Eva , Rico-Díaz Javier , Carballo-Fazanes Aida , Abelairas-Gómez Cristian 
Published: September 2021

El presente estudio analizó el efecto del confinamiento en España derivado de la COVID-19 en niveles de actividad física diaria, ejercicio físico y comportamientos sedentarios. Tras la declaración del estado de alarma, se difundió un cuestionario por redes sociales con preguntas sociodemográficas, actividad física y comportamientos sedentarios. Posteriormente, se envió por correo electrónico otro cuestionario en relación con la nueva situación de confinamiento. Respondieron a ambos cuestionarios 474 participantes. Se registró un aumento del peso e índice de masa corporal durante el confinamiento (p < .001). Aumentó el número de días en los que se realizaba ejercicio físico en tiempo de ocio (p < .001), pero no el tiempo de práctica semanal total. Se redujo el tiempo de actividad física durante actividades académicas y/o profesionales y el tiempo destinado a desplazamientos (p < .001). Se registró un mayor tiempo de sueño, siestas y sedestación (p < .01). El presente estudio evidencia la necesidad de crear estrategias eficaces encaminadas a aumentar la práctica actividad física y promover los hábitos de vida saludables, especialmente durante la actual crisis humanitaria y posibles futuras.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a lockdown in Spain due to COVID-19 on the levels of physical activity, exercise and sedentary lifestyle. After declaring state of alarm in Spain, a questionnaire was distributed via social networks with demographic questions, academic and/or employment status, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. Subsequently, another questionnaire was sent by email in relation to the new lockdown measures. 474 participants replied to both questionnaires. An increase in weight and body mass index was recorded during lockdown (p <0.001). The number of days in which physical activity was practiced during leisure time increased (p <0.001), but the total time of weekly practice stayed the same. The time of physical activity during academic and the time spent walking was reduced, as well as was the time spent walking (p <0.001). Longer sleep, naps and sitting time was also recorded (p <0.01). The present study shows the need to create effective strategies aimed to increase the practice of physical activity and promote a healthy lifestyle during the current humanitarian crisis and possible future ones.
Calcification of coronary arteries in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Novikova D. S. , Novikova A. M. , Blank L. M. , Zhelyabina O. V. , Cherkasova M. V. , Nasonov E. L. 
Published: September 2021

The frequency of vascular calcification in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) has not yet been studied, and the role of calcium crystals (basic and pyrophosphates) in the development of calcification is also unknown.Objective. Determine the presence and degree of calcification of the coronary vessels in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease and osteoarthritis of the knee joints with no clinical signs of cardiovascular diseases.Materials and methods. One-stage, single-center study, performed by the “case – control” method. The main group – 20 patients with CPPD, the comparison group – 20 patients with OA of the knee joints. Inclusion criteria: age from 18 to 65 years; absence of clinical signs of cardiovascular disease at the time of examination and indications of a history of cardiovascular accidents. Exclusion criteria: unsigned informed consent; pregnancy; breastfeeding; other rheumatic disease; cancer; high and very high cardiovascular risk on the SCORE scale. The survey included an assessment of anthropometric data, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, serum levels of glucose, creatinine, uric acid, C-reactive protein, vitamin D, osteoprotegerin, parathyroid hormone, and the levels of magnesium, phosphorus, and total calcium were studied. All patients underwent multispiral computed tomography with determination of calcium count and the number of affected arteries. To calculate the coronary score, the A.S. Agatston et al.Results and discussion. Most of the parameters in the compared groups did not differ. When assessing the calcification of the coronary arteries according to the A.S. Agatston et al. 9 (45%) patients with CPPD and 8 (40%) patients with OA had a coronary calcium score >1. Quantitative indicators of calcium score can correspond to coronary artery stenosis ≥20% in 8 (40%) patients with CPPD and in 5 (25%) patients with OA according to J.A. Rumberger et al. The serum level of osteoprotegerin was significantly higher in patients with a calcium score ≥27 according to J.A. Rumberger et al. (p=0.04). Calcification was detected in 9 (56%) of 16 patients with serum vitamin D levels <30 ng/ml and in 8 (33%) of 24 patients with serum vitamin D levels >30 ng/ml.Conclusions. In patients with an initially low cardiovascular risk, the probability of a combination of chondrocalcinosis and cardiovascular calcification is 45%, in OA it is 40%. The risk factors for coronary calcification in patients with CPPD and OA should be studied further.
Comparison of standard radiography and magnetic resonance imaging in hand osteoarthritis
Authors: Kudinskii D. M. , Smirnov A. V. , Alekseeva L. I. , Taskina E. A. , Lila A. M. , Potapova A. S. , Volkov A. V. 
Published: September 2021

Standard radiography in direct projection is the “gold standard” in the diagnosis of hand osteoarthritis (HOA). However, the currently clinically most severe “erosive” or “inflammatory” phenotype of HOA is characterized by the presence of inflammatory symptoms such as bone marrow lession (BML), synovitis and tenosinovitis, which are not visible on the radiograph by the nature of the study due to the low optical density. In addition, X-ray examination is planar and has no possibility of multiplanar visualization. This dictated the need to search for a more informative visualization technique in HOA.Aim – to compare the sensitivity and specificity of standard radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in determining the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) of the distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of the right hand; to determine the indications for the appointment of MRI in patients with HOA.Materials and methods. The study included 64 women with clinically verified diagnosis of HOA according to ask criteria. For the first time, X-rays of the joints of the right hand in the anterior-posterior projection and MRI were performed for each of them. Each patient completed the AUSCAN questionnaire. X-rays were described according to the Kellgren and Lawrence systems, magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed according to the modified OHOA system. The sensitivity and specificity of the methods were compared based on the detection of 4 symptoms detected by radiography and MRI: joint space narrowing (JSN), osteophytes (OP), erosions and subluxations. The average age of the patients was 65.28±6.82 years, the age of onset was 48.81±7.73 years, the duration of the disease was 15.0 (10.0–19.5) years.Results. Both methods showed approximately equal identification JSN symptom in DIP and PIP, 95% definition JSN in MCP. OP were detected in 88% of patients in DIP according to radiography and in 95% – using MRI (p>0.05). In PIP OP were observed in 70% of patients on radiographs and in 86% on magnetic resonance imaging, in MCP – in 45% and 66% of cases, respectively. Erosion in DIP were found in 41% of patients according to MRI and 34% as a result of X-ray examination, in PIP – in 27% and 13% of cases, in MCP – in 60% and 8% of cases, respectively. Subluxations were determined in DIP 23% on radiographs in 31% of cases by MRI, in PIP – in 8% and 6% (p>0.05), in MCP subluxations almost never met – in 3% of cases by conventional radiography.Conclusions. MRI in HOA can be used in the detection of erosive process, differential diagnosis with other diseases of the joints, determination of inflammatory changes in the hands and assessment of their severity, but has no significant advantages over standard radiography in determining the symptoms of degenerative-dystrophic nature (JSN and OP). Subluxations of the MCP joints are not typical for the HOA.