bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining How Nutritional Status is related to Anger Level and Anxiety Status in Persons
Authors: Olke B , Gokce A , Ozer A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Nutriments affect psychology and psychological state affects nutritional status of people. The present study is, therefore, intended to find out how nutritional status is related to levels of anger and anxiety in people receiving nutritional consultation.

Methods
This descriptive-type cross-sectional study includes a universe of 180 individuals aged over 18 who received nutrition counseling between August-December 2018. The approval of the ethics committee and of the relevant institution was obtained in order to conduct the study. The questionnaire form used to retrieve the data herein consists of socio-demographic characteristics, Trait Anger and Anger Expression Style Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, food consumption frequency, and food consumption record. Chi-Square test, Student t-test, and One-way ANOVA test were used for statistical analysis. The significance level was set as p &lt; 0.05.

Results
In the study group, those who consumed milk once a month had a subscale score of trait anger (22.83±3.13) that was significantly higher than that of those consumed it 3-5 times a week (18.74±3.93)(p = 0.025). Those who consumed fast food 1-2 times a week and 3-5 times a week had an anger expression score of 16.17±2.81 and 16.43±3.69, respectively; which were significantly higher than that of those consumed fast food once a month(14.07±2.42) and once every 15 days(14.12±3.05) (p = 0.028). The anger control subscale score of those who consume red meat daily is significantly lower than those who consume red meat 1-2 times a week and 3-5 times a week(p = 0.048). The body mass index and anxiety level did not have a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
In the study group, it was found that the trait anger score was low in the groups with less consumption of milk, the anger expression score was higher in the groups with increased fast food consumption, and the anger management score was lower in the group with more frequent red meat consumption.

Key messages
People who consume fast food more frequently have increased anger expression. The level of trait anger increases as the milk consumption diminishes.
Antibiotic-free farming for poultry meat production: impact on animal welfare
Authors: Podaliri Vulpiani M , Iannetti L , Romagnoli S , Cotturone G , Vincifori G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Multidrug-resistant zoonotic pathogens represent a risk for human health. The irrational use of antibiotics in production animals has contributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance (AMR) also in humans. The search for alternative systems to the use of antibiotics, including the study of ‘animal welfare-friendly' management tools, should be encouraged. The reduction of the use of antibiotics should be a controlled process, as their absence could have a negative impact on animal welfare, if not accompanied by adequate structural and managerial interventions.

Methods
Welfare Quality® protocol was used to measure the level of welfare in 14 batches of broiler chickens from 6 farms of an integrated poultry company and the results were compared (antibiotic-free vs conventional). The number of animals per batch ranged from 9,000 to 41,700. Assessments were made throughout a 9-month period, from 2018 to 2019, at-farm the day before slaughtering (age from 42 to 48 days old).

Results
No statistically significant differences between antibiotic-free and conventional in the general ‘welfare score' were reported. Stocking density was higher in antibiotic-free batches, and the ‘good feeding' principle was averagely higher in conventional batches (74.7 vs 63), with statistical significance (t=-2.45; p &lt; 0.05). Other welfare principles (good housing, good health and appropriate behaviour) were slightly higher for antibiotic-free batches, without statistical significance. The absence of antibiotics did not affect the ‘good health' principle, ranging from 24.1 to 44.7, with the minimum in a conventional batch and the maximum detected in an antibiotic-free batch. The highest mortality (3.9%) was found in a conventional batch.

Conclusions
The absence of antibiotics in broiler farming doesn't affect animal health and welfare if associated with good management practices. Antibiotic-free farming should be standardized in order to protect both animal welfare and consumers' health.

Key messages
The absence of antibiotic use does not impact on broiler chicken general welfare score. High stocking density due to the high demand of antibiotic-free meat should be avoided and specific guidelines for antibiotic-free farming should be produced.
Food supplements consumption and the role of pharmacies: a north-eastern Italy observational study
Authors: Mazzilis G , D'Angelo M , Brunelli L , Colautti L , Cojutti P , Arnoldo L , Parpinel M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Even if the food supplement industry is one of the fastest growing worldwide, the inappropriate use of these products can potentially cause harms. Considering the key role played by pharmacists in advising citizens on the purchase of food supplements, this cross-sectional observational study evaluates pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and practice on this topic.

Methods
From September 2020 to February 2021, an online questionnaire implemented through the EU-Survey tool, was administered to pharmacists of both public and private authorized pharmacies of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia (FVG) Region (Italy). The 47 multiple-choice questions about pharmacists' knowledge (20), attitudes and practice (27), were followed by a sociodemographic section (7 items) collecting data about sex, age, years of experience, degree, role within pharmacy (owner, employee). Descriptive analyses, Chi-square, Shapiro-Wilk and Mann Whitney tests were used and a p-value&lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results
A sample of 232 questionnaires was collected, 70.7% of which from women. Most responders (77.2%) had a Pharmacy degree, with owners representing the 34.5%. The 61.2% of pharmacists had at least 10 years of experience. Knowledge was generally poor with just 49.2% of the sample scoring above the median value of 11 but higher among pharmacists with more than 11 years of experience. Lesser-known aspects were the possible link between cancer and multivitamin's abuse and presence of non-labeled agents in food supplements. Responders &lt; =10 years of experience felt more unprepared about vitamin's dosage and in counselling particular groups of patients (p &lt; 0.05). Employees more frequently reported the attitude to purchase food supplements under patient specifical request (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Pharmacists' knowledge about food supplements is scarce and young professionals in particular need further education to ensure a safe and effective purchase of these products to patients.

Key messages
The use of vitamin supplements is growing but their consumption needs to be evaluated by expert and qualified professionals. Pharmacists play a key role in counselling people about food supplements but need continuous professional education to give adequate advice.
Employer perspectives on their supportive role in promoting sustainable RTW of disabled workers
Authors: Jansen J , Boot CRL , Alma M , van Ooijen R , Koning PWC , Brouwer S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Employers play an important supportive role in facilitating sustainable Return to Work (RTW) of workers with disabilities. Little is understood about how employers deal with their supportive role, what kind of support they offer and which facilitators of employer support are important to successful RTW.

Methods
A semi-structured interview study was conducted among 27 employer representatives (e.g. supervisors, HR managers, case managers) of companies in the Netherlands who had experience in retaining at least one disabled workers within their company. Participants were included through purposive sampling on sector and company size. Data was analyzed by means of thematic analysis.

Results
We identified three different types of employer support: 1. instrumental support (offering work accommodations), 2. emotional support (encouragement, empathy, understanding) and 3. informational support (providing information, setting boundaries). Facilitators of employer support were categorized into three main themes: 1. good collaboration, with subthemes (in)formal contact, trustful relationships, mutual responsibilities and (in)formal networks, 2. employer characteristics, including supportive organizational culture, leadership skills and flexibility, and 3. employee characteristics including flexibility and resilience.

Conclusions
Different types of employer support are considered as important in the RTW process of disabled workers. Besides offering work accommodations, also emotional and informational support are necessary. In addition, good collaboration and flexibility of both employer and employee may be viewed as facilitators for optimizing supervisor and employee interaction during the RTW process.

Key messages
Instrumental, emotional and informational support by the employer are important in the RTW process of disabled workers. Facilitating factors include collaboration, flexibility and leadership.
Cost-effectiveness of DNA testing for Lynch syndrome for colorectal cancer patients in Switzerland
Authors: Salikhanov I , Wieser S , Katapodi M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To estimate the cost-effectiveness of genetic testing for Lynch syndrome among newly diagnosed patients with colorectal cancer and targeted testing for their relatives in Switzerland.

Methods
We integrated decision tree and Markov model to calculate incremental costs per quality adjusted life-year saved for universal genetic testing for Lynch syndrome relative to using preliminary tumor tests (immunohistochemistry or microsatellite instability) followed by DNA sequencing test for patients with colorectal cancer.

Results
The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the proposed strategy using universal genetic testing for Lynch syndrome with systematic CASCADE testing of their relatives is CHF 65,058 per QALY saved, which is cost-effective in Swiss settings where cost-effectiveness threshold is CHF 100,000 per QALY saved. The gained utility is 361,358 QALYs saved. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated cost-effectiveness of the proposed strategies in most of the scenarios.

Conclusions
The overall effectiveness of the universal genetic testing is greatly dependent on willingness of patients and relatives to be tested and compliance with the increased surveillance. Therefore, close cooperation across different stakeholders such as family doctors, oncologists, genetic clinicians, and laboratories is crucial to encourage and educate patients about the importance of the LS screening.

Key messages
Universal genetic testing for Lynch syndrome for all patients with colorectal caner is cost-effective in Swiss settings. Close cooperation across all stakeholders such as family doctors, oncologists, genetic clinicians, and laboratories is crucial to encourage and educate patients about the importance of the LS testing.
Dispensing antibiotics without prescription at pharmacies: barriers and strategies for improvement
Authors: Kazaryan I , Sevikyan A , Vardanyan L , Amirkhanyan A , Melikyan M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide public health challenge, and non-prudent use of antibiotics is one of key drivers of AMR. In some countries antibiotics are often sold without a prescription at pharmacies. In Armenia this problem is also observed despite national regulation. The objective of this work was to identify perception of pharmacy staff on main barriers for dispensing antibiotics with a prescription at community pharmacies and perceived strategies for improving the situation in Armenia.

Methods
Survey was conducted at community pharmacies in different regions of Armenia. Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians were asked to complete pretested questionnaire. Data were analysed with SPSS statistical software.

Results
Despite most of professionals reported that they are aware about regulation, 78.4% of 241 participants indicated that patients can buy antibiotics at their pharmacy without a prescription from doctor. Most of participants reported that the percentage of patients whom antibiotics were sold without a prescription is high. More than a half of responders indicated the following barriers for dispensing antibiotics with a prescription at community pharmacies: lack of patients' awareness about effectiveness and safety of antibiotics (61.0%), difficulties for doctors to prescribe using approved forms (60.6%), poor prescribing practice (56.4%). More than a half of professionals consider that it is necessary to introduce the following strategies: organizing public awareness campaigns (68.0%), organizing special training courses for physicians and pharmacists (63.9%), introducing Medicines and therapeutic committees at health facilities (54.8%).

Conclusions
Patients can buy antibiotics without a prescription at community pharmacies in Armenia. There are certain barriers for dispensing antibiotics with a prescription at community pharmacies. Educational and organizational strategies can be helpful for improving the situation.

Key messages
Lack of patients’ awareness about antibiotics is a very important barrier for dispensing antibiotics with a prescription at community pharmacies. Most of pharmacy professionals are interested in improving the situation and indicate necessity of appropriate measures.
Health Literacy in Lombardy gambling prevention program: reflections for health promotion policies
Authors: Calloni L , Parisi G , Torri A , Capriulo AP , Celata C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Issue/problem
Gambling is a complex public health issue in Italy which has been contrasted by the establishment of a specific Ministerial Fund to implement prevention and treatment actions at regional level (L. 208/2015). Lombardy has implemented these guidelines through a Regional Plan (Dgr 585/2018) declined in Local Operational Plans monitored at regional level. Among the priorities of the Plans, the principle of Health Literacy (HL) assumes a central role in order to facilitate the dissemination of knowledge about gambling and the access to the Territorial Services. What has been achieved on HL allows to orient the programming of the new Regional Plan of Prevention (PRP 2020-25), since it could be transferred to other health promotion policies.

Description of the problem
The survey of what has been achieved in the field of HL was carried out through an ad hoc research form, administered to the Local Heath Protection Agencies, called ATS. The form evaluated actions and processes deployed during 2020, identifying the tools used for specific population targets. On the basis of the data collected, the objective of the contribution is to identify sustainable and effective HL promotion activities.

Results
The actions were developed for specific targets (children, adults and the elderly) on different settings (workplaces, schools, local communities) and concerned training and information measures, communication campaigns, cultural, social, aggregative and action research activities, capable of forming a network of social multipliers.

Lessons
The development of activities and tools on specific settings and targets has allowed to promote the growth of health knowledge in the population (HL), generating new communication channels.

Key messages
HL’s promotion actions regarding gambling can become sustainable and effective tools to raise awareness on other health issues at national and international level. HL's promotion tools should be considered as useful strategies in health policies at both national and international level.
Coping Styles in the SARS-CoV-2 national lockdown: impact on behaviors for cardiovascular prevention
Authors: Lontano A , D'ambrosio F , Marziali E , Galletti C , Mazza E , Boncompagni I , Del Bono C , Urbani E , Galasso V , Mingarelli A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Coping styles are the ways in which people deal with different stressor situations. Coping strategies can be categorized into three types: task-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented. Several studies showed a strong relationship between coping styles and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate how much the SARS-CoV-2 national lockdown has impacted the coping strategies on behaviors for cardiovascular prevention.

Methods
62 participants from Rome were recruited to assess the impact of prevention and promotion of health on Individual Cardiovascular Risk. The Coping Inventory to Stressful Situations (CISS, Endler & Parker, 1990) is a self-report questionnaire that measures the three strategies of coping. Behaviors dealing with cardiovascular prevention were evaluated at the beginning of the observation period, and after 6, 12, and 18 months. During 12 (February 2020) and 18 months (July 2020) the SARS-CoV-2 national lockdown enabled us to inquire into coping strategies in stressful situations and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results
The Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the existence of a correlation between coping strategies and the variation of cardiovascular risk factors and alcohol consumption at 12 and 18 months. Interestingly, results showed relations between Emotional-oriented (r = 0.26 p &lt; 0.05) and Task-oriented (r = -0.33 p &lt; 0.01) coping styles and Differential Cardiovascular Risk Reduction (DCRR). Furthermore, a positive relation between Task-oriented (r = 0.34 p &lt; 0.01) coping style and Differential Alcohol Consumption (DAC) was observed.

Conclusions
We found that the DCRR relates to the Emotional- and Task-oriented coping styles, while DAC is associated with the Task-oriented coping style. The strength of our study consists in the territorial and multidisciplinary dimension of the project, the main critical issue is represented by the small size of the patient sample.

Key messages
A relationship can be described between Differential Cardiovascular Risk Reduction and Emotional- and Task-oriented coping styles. There is a relationship between Differential Alcohol Consumption and the Task-oriented coping style.
Using social network analysis to evaluate relationships among community nutrition education partners
Authors: Kim H , Zahng L , Gold A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Education (SNAP-Ed) program is an evidence-based program funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) that provides direct education and multi-level interventions for low-income families about nutrition, physical activity, and making healthy choices on a limited budget. Each U.S. state is funded to administer the program. SNAP-Ed works by building partnerships with community organizations. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of Minnesota's community partnership network involved in the SNAP-Ed program from the federal fiscal years 2016 (FY16) to 2020 (FY20). Analysis aims include 1) mapping the growth of SNAP-Ed community partners each year, 2) identifying essential network patterns and thereby highlight potential network gaps, 3) gauging the current level of partner involvement, and 4) enabling a data-driven approach for future collaborative network improvements.

Methods
Social network theory and analysis (SNA) was used to examine changes in partnerships over time. The data was retrieved from Minnesota's SNAP Education Evaluation and Database System (SEEDS) where maintained program and evaluation data; SNA metrics such as size, breadth, density, degree centralization, clusters, and modularity were calculated for each network.

Results
Partners of SNAP-Ed programs expanded from 869 in FY16 to 1032 in FY19. Due to COVID-19, in FY20, the number of partners decreased to 804. The network density decreased over time due to expansion of the number of partners between FY16(.0263) and FY19(.021). In FY20, the network density significantly decreased to .001 since partners were not able to be connected to each other. Network centrality will also be reported.

Conclusions
Our study presents a novel use of social network analysis methods to evaluate the community partnerships involved in the SNAP-Ed program.

Key messages
Using social network analysis to analyze the quantity and quality of the relationship among community nutrition education program partners gives practical policy recommendations. A novel use of social network analysis methods to evaluate the community partnerships involved in the SNAP-Ed program.
Managing protection and surveillance of health workers during COVID-19: German multi-centre survey
Authors: Kuhlmann E , Heinemann S , Bludau A , Kaba H , Scheithauer S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Health workers face a higher risk of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic than the average population, yet we know very little on how protection is managed in daily practice. The aim of this study is to contribute new empirical data on the management of protection in clinical settings with a focus on surveillance, using Germany as case study.

Methods
We draw on material gathered in multi-centre hospital surveillance online surveys in Germany, which are part of a national COVID-19 University Research Network (project B-FAST). Selected indicators include tools, strategies and access to protection, with a focus on the composition of new surveillance teams; n = 100 responses, comprising n = 33/92% of all university medical centres; n = 67/18% of participating hospitals in two German Federal States in March 2021.

Results
Three major strategies of protection were identified: expanding services, information and access for all health workers in the clinical setting; establishing novel surveillance teams to protect hospital employees comprising hotline, testing and tracing teams; creating large-scale in-house vaccination programs in accordance with national vaccination prioritisation policy of health workers. The composition of the surveillance teams showed high variation in relation to professional groups/skills and status. In particular, hospital hygienists (often with a professional background in nursing) were included in all teams, but their share varied from only 24% in testing to 60% in hotline and even 95% in tracing teams.

Conclusions
German hospitals have stepped up efforts to protect health workers primarily through comprehensive surveillance and personal protection including vaccination. Our findings reveal capacity for innovation in the management of protection especially in two areas: improving the skill-mix and leadership of surveillance teams, and strengthening the role of hospital hygienists in surveillance.

Key messages
The building of interdisciplinary hospital surveillance teams plays an important role in innovating surveillance and strengthening protection. The skill-mix and leadership of the surveillance teams need further research and policy investigation to improve efficiency.