bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the sign of trophic effects: individual-based simulation versus loop analysis
Authors: Fábián Virág 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFood web research needs to be predictive in order to support decisions system-based conservation. In order to increase predictability and applicability, complexity needs to be managed in such a way that we are able to provide simple and clear results. One question emerging frequently is whether certain perturbations (environmental effects or human impact) have positive or negative effects on natural ecosystems or their particular components. Yet, most of food web studies do not consider the sign of effects. Here, we study 6 versions of the Kelian River (Borneo) food web, representing six study sites along the river. For each network, we study the signs of the effects of a perturbed trophic group i on each other j groups. We compare the outcome of the relatively complicated dynamical simulation model and the relatively simple loop analysis model. We compare these results for the 6 sites and also the 14 trophic groups. Finally, we see if sign-agreement and sign-determinacy depend on certain structural features (node centrality, interaction strength). We found major differences between different modelling scenarios, with herbivore-detritivore fish behaving in the most consistent, while algae and particulate organic matter behaving in the least consistent way. We also found higher agreement between the signs of predictions for trophic groups at higher trophic levels in sites 1–3 and at lower trophic levels in site 4–6. This means that the behaviour of predators in the more natural sections of the river and that of producers at the more human-impacted sections are more consistently predicted. This suggests to be more careful with the less consistently predictable trophic groups in conservation management.
PRMT6 physically associates with nuclear factor Y to regulate photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Pingxian , Li Xiulan , Wang Yifan , Guo Weijun , Chachar Sadaruddin , Riaz Adeel , Geng Yuke , Gu Xiaofeng , Yang Liwen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe timing of floral transition is critical for reproductive success in flowering plants. In long-day (LD) plant Arabidopsis, the floral regulator gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is a major component of the mobile florigen. FT expression is rhythmically activated by CONSTANS (CO), and specifically accumulated at dusk of LDs. However, the underlying mechanism of adequate regulation of FT transcription in response to day-length cues to warrant flowering time still remains to be investigated. Here, we identify a homolog of human protein arginine methyltransferases 6 (HsPRMT6) in Arabidopsis, and confirm AtPRMT6 physically interacts with three positive regulators of flowering Nuclear Factors YC3 (NF-YC3), NF-YC9, and NF-YB3. Further investigations find that AtPRMT6 and its encoding protein accumulate at dusk of LDs. PRMT6-mediated H3R2me2a modification enhances the promotion of NF-YCs on FT transcription in response to inductive LD signals. Moreover, AtPRMT6 and its homologues proteins AtPRMT4a and AtPRMT4b coordinately inhibit the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C, a suppressor of FT. Taken together, our study reveals the role of arginine methylation in photoperiodic pathway and how the PRMT6-mediating H3R2me2a system interacts with NF-CO module to dynamically control FT expression and facilitate flowering time.
Toxicities of the copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles onMarshallagia marshalli(Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae): evidence on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers, DNA damage and egg hatchability
Authors: Shafienejad Jalali T. , Malekifard F. , Esmaeilnejad B. , Asri Rezaie S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study investigated thein vitroanthelmintic activity of copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) againstMarshallagia marshalli. Thein vitrostudy was based on an egg hatch assay, adult and larvae motility inhibition assays, DNA damage, intensity protein profile along with several oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), protein carbonylation (PCO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and nitric oxide (NO) content. Different concentrations of CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs (1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 ppm) were used to assess anthelmintic effects on three stages ofM.marshallilife cycle – that is, eggs, larvae and adult parasites for 24 h. The results indicated that CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs played a significant role as anthelminthics, and the effect was dependent on time and concentration. The concentrations of 12 and 16 ppm of CuO-NPs and 16 ppm of ZnO-NPs resulted in the induction of oxidative/nitrosative stress (decreased SOD, GSH-Px and CAT, and increased MDA, PCO and NO), increased DNA damage, inhibition of adult and larval motility, egg hatch and low intensity of protein bands following sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, compared to control. It was concluded that CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs could be utilized as novel and potential agents for the control and treatment ofM.marshalliinfection, and they have the pharmacological potential to be studiedin vivofor further utilization in treating parasitic infections.
Counter-populist performances of (in)security: Feminist resistance in the face of right-wing populism in Poland
Authors: Kurylo Bohdana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIR scholarship has recently seen a burgeoning interest in the right-wing populist politics of security, showing that it tends to align with the international ultraconservative mobilisation against ‘gender ideology’. In contrast, this article investigates how local feminist actors can resist right-wing populist constructions of (in)security by introducing counter-populist discourses and aesthetics of security. I analyse the case of Poland, which presents two competing populist performances of (in)security: the Independence March organised by right-wing groups on Poland's Independence Day and the Women's Strike protests against the near-total ban on abortion. The article draws on Judith Butler's theory of the performative politics of public assembly, which elucidates how the political subject of ‘the people’ can emerge as bodies come together to make security demands through both verbal and non-verbal acts. I argue that the feminist movement used the vehicle of populist performance to subvert the exclusionary constructions of (in)security by right-wing populists. In the process, it introduced a different conception of security in the struggle for a ‘livable life’. The study expands the understanding of the relationship between populism, security and feminism in IR by exploring how the populist politics of security is differently enacted by everyday agents in local contexts.
Analysis of Medical Interventions at the Start-Finish Medical Post of an International Running Event in Rural Thailand
Authors: Ussahgij Wanatchaporn , Kotruchin Praew , Osotthanakorn Pharanyoo , Apiratwarakul Korakot 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroduction:Increasing numbers of marathon running events are taking place around the world. The difficulty encountered in the management of mass gatherings, especially running in marathons, is how emergency services can deliver treatment in a timely manner. Therefore, for this kind of situation, preparation is the key to success in terms of patient management.Study Objective:The aim of this study was to describe the presentation of cases at a start-finish medical post in an international marathon race set in a rural area.Methods:All medical record forms were collected from the start-finish medical post of the Khon Kaen International Marathon (KKIM) 2020. The race took place on January 26, 2020. The data were coded by two authors, and in the case of different codes, the final codes were determined by discussion.Results:The total number of participants in this event was 16,489. Participants who used the start-finish medical post numbered 74 (44.8 people per 10,000). More than one-half of patients were male (41; 56.9%), while 31 (34.0%) were female. The age range of the casualties was from 17 to 88 years old. The rate of incidence for those who used this post was 44.8 per 10,000 participants. The greatest density of users was at 3.40 hours after the marathon had started. The common symptoms which were found consisted of 17 soft tissue injuries (23.0%), 15 instances of cramps (20.3%), and 11 musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries (14.9%). Almost all patients were discharged, and only two of the cases were actually admitted to the hospital. No statistical significance between males and females was found (OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.51-1.3). However, marathon and half-marathon runners had a higher risk of being casualties (OR = 3.49; 95% CI, 1.71-7.15 and OR = 3.51; 95% CI, 1.79-6.88).Conclusion:The injuries of most of the patients who used the medical post at a start-finish point were mild. Distances which are longer than 20km increase the risk for getting injured. However, a prospective study and multi-session interpretation is recommended.
Integrated Cryo-Correlative Microscopy for Targeted Structural Investigation In Situ
Authors: Smeets Marit , Bieber Anna , Capitanio Cristina , Schioetz Oda , van der Heijden Thomas , Effting Andries , Piel Éric , Lazem Bassim , Erdmann Philipp , Plitzko Juergen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of the building blocks of life since it provides the unique opportunity to study molecules and membrane architectures in the context of cellular interaction. In particular, the combination of fluorescence imaging with focused ion beam (FIB) milling allows the targeting of specific structures in thick cellular samples by preparing thin lamellae that contain a specific fluorescence marker. This technique has conventionally been time-consuming, as it requires sample transfer to multiple microscopes and presents several technical challenges that currently limit its success. Here we describe METEOR, a FIB-integrated microscopy solution that streamlines the correlative cryo-ET workflow. It protects the sample from ice contamination by minimizing handling steps, thus increasing the likelihood of high-quality data. It also allows for monitoring of the milling procedure to ensure the molecule of interest is captured and can then be imaged by cryo-ET.
Remote Learning Facilitated by MyScope Explore
Authors: Holmes Natalie P. , Griffith Matthew J. , Barr Matthew G. , Nicolaidis Nicolas C. , Bhatia Vijay , Duncan Michael , McCarroll Ingrid , Whiting Jenny , Dastoor Paul C. , Cairney Julie M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:In response to the requirements imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, we developed a remote learning undergraduate workshop for 44 students at the University of Newcastle by embedding scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Maratus (Peacock) spiders into the MyScope Explore environment. The workshop session had two main components: 1) to use the online MyScope Explore tool to virtually image scales with structural color and pigmented color on Maratus spiders; 2) to join a live SEM session via Zoom to image an actual Maratus spider. In previous years, the undergraduate university students attending this annual workshop would enter the Microscopy Facility at the University of Newcastle to image specimens with SEM; however, in 2020 the Microscopy Facility was closed to student visitors, and this virtual activity was developed in order to proceed with the educational event. The program was highly successful and constitutes a platform that can be used in the future by universities for teaching microscopy remotely.
Out of the Blue and into the Black: Preparation, Mounting, and Image Rendering of Complex, Chorate Dinoflagellate Cysts for Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: McLachlan Sandy M.S. , Humphrey Elaine C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:We describe an experimental approach for achieving an optimal black background for scanning electron photomicrographs of small samples with elaborate and intricate structures. Specimens of the highly ornate, 66-million-year-old chorate dinoflagellate cyst species Cannosphaeropsis franciscana were selected as the subject of this study. Photomicrographs collected following standard aluminum stub surface placement were compared to those taken of specimens mounted using a novel pin-and-pedestal method. This simplistic mounting technique minimizes the need for post-production image editing and extraneous background removal.
De-protonation of Nickel Hydroxide by 200 kV Electron Irradiation
Authors: Carpenter Graham J.C. , Wronski Zbigniew S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:Previous studies of nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) powders have shown that either heating or mechanical grinding can result in complete de-hydroxylation, leading to conversion to nickel oxide (NiO). In both cases, this process appears to occur in one stage, without evidence for any intermediate compounds being formed. During studies of Ni(OH)2 powders for applications in the positive electrodes of Ni metal hydride (NiMH) rechargeable batteries, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we have observed significant changes caused by exposure to the highly energetic electron beam used for imaging and analysis. It is shown here, using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), that de-hydroxylation under electron irradiation occurs in two stages, with nickel oxy-hydroxide (NiOOH) being formed at the intermediate stage.
AN ALGEBRAIC APPROACH TO INQUISITIVE AND -LOGICS
Authors: BEZHANISHVILI NICK , GRILLETTI GIANLUCA , QUADRELLARO DAVIDE EMILIO 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article provides an algebraic study of the propositional system
$\mathtt {InqB}$
of inquisitive logic. We also investigate the wider class of
$\mathtt {DNA}$
-logics, which are negative variants of intermediate logics, and the corresponding algebraic structures,
$\mathtt {DNA}$
-varieties. We prove that the lattice of
$\mathtt {DNA}$
-logics is dually isomorphic to the lattice of
$\mathtt {DNA}$
-varieties. We characterise maximal and minimal intermediate logics with the same negative variant, and we prove a suitable version of Birkhoff’s classic variety theorems. We also introduce locally finite
$\mathtt {DNA}$
-varieties and show that these varieties are axiomatised by the analogues of Jankov formulas. Finally, we prove that the lattice of extensions of
$\mathtt {InqB}$
is dually isomorphic to the ordinal
$\omega +1$
and give an axiomatisation of these logics via Jankov
$\mathtt {DNA}$
-formulas. This shows that these extensions coincide with the so-called inquisitive hierarchy of [9].1
Evaluating the Meteorological Conditions Associated With Dusty Atmospheric Rivers
Authors: Voss Kara K. , Evan Amato T. , Ralph F. Martin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTrans‐Pacific dust has been shown to influence the micro‐physical characteristics of atmospheric rivers that make landfall along the U.S. west coast. Atmospheric Rivers (AR) reaching North America provide valuable water resources, but also can produce damaging floods. While substantial research has been devoted to understanding the structure and meteorological drivers of atmospheric rivers, far less is known about the conditions that lead to the presence of dust within and around these storms. Here, we utilize an 18‐year record of the dust content of AR surroundings combined with satellite, reanalysis, and observational meteorological data to understand the drivers of ARs embedded within dusty environments, or “dusty ARs,” as compared to ARs in more pristine environments. We find that dusty ARs are associated with transport of dust from the east Asian coast to North America. Dusty ARs are characterized by conditions that are especially conducive to transport of dust across the Pacific; namely, enhanced mid‐ to upper‐tropospheric westerly winds over Asian dust source regions and over the Pacific. In contrast, ARs in more pristine environments are associated with a persistent ridge over the central Pacific, which blocks zonal westerly flow, as well as continental dust. We also show that while trans‐Pacific dust is largely confined to the 600–200 hPa levels, this dust flows downward along post‐cold frontal isentropic surfaces into the AR environment in the lower troposphere.
Using the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) to Study Very Low Frequency Transmission in the Earth‐Ionosphere Waveguide: 2. Model Test by Patterns of Detection/Non‐Detection
Authors: Jacobson Abram R. , Holzworth Robert H. , Brundell James B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis is the second half of a two‐part study. In the first part, we had used the World Wide Lightning Location Network's (WWLN) recorded signal amplitudes to test a model of Very Low Frequency signal transmission from the lightning to each sensor. The model predicts a dramatic worsening of transmission at low magnetic latitudes, for nighttime propagation (compared to daytime propagation) toward magnetic West. However, we found that the use of amplitudes was ill‐adapted for testing the model under conditions of a deep outage of transmission. Since the relative weakening of nighttime transmission is rather counter‐intuitive, we have now developed an alternative approach to testing that model prediction. This alternative approach highlights the patterns of detection/non‐detection of several low‐magnetic‐latitude WWLLN stations and compares those patterns with the appropriate patterns of the model transmission.
The impact of fine particulate matter (PM) on various beneficial functions of human endometrial stem cells through its key regulator SERPINB2
Authors: Park Se-Ra , Lee Joong Won , Kim Seong-Kwan , Yu Wook-Joon , Lee Seung-Jin , Kim Doojin , Kim Kun-Woo , Jung Ji-Won , Hong In-Sun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFine particulate matter (PM) has a small diameter but a large surface area; thus, it may have broad toxic effects that subsequently damage many tissues of the human body. Interestingly, many studies have suggested that the recent decline in female fertility could be associated with increased PM exposure. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the negative effects of PM exposure on female fertility are still a matter of debate. A previous study demonstrated that resident stem cell deficiency limits the cyclic regenerative capacity of the endometrium and subsequently increases the pregnancy failure rate. Therefore, we hypothesized that PM exposure induces endometrial tissue damage and subsequently reduces the pregnancy rate by inhibiting various beneficial functions of local endometrial stem cells. Consistent with our hypothesis, we showed for the first time that PM exposure significantly inhibits various beneficial functions of endometrial stem cells, such as their self-renewal, transdifferentiation, and migratory capacities, in vitro and in vivo through the PM target gene SERPINB2, which has recently been shown to be involved in multiple stem cell functions. In addition, the PM-induced inhibitory effects on the beneficial functions of endometrial stem cells were significantly diminished by SERPINB2 depletion. Our findings may facilitate the development of promising therapeutic strategies for improving reproductive outcomes in infertile women.
Room-temperature multiple ligands-tailored SnO2 quantum dots endow in situ dual-interface binding for upscaling efficient perovskite photovoltaics with high VOC
Authors: Ren Zhiwei , Liu Kuan , Hu Hanlin , Guo Xuyun , Gao Yajun , Fong Patrick W. K. , Liang Qiong , Tang Hua , Huang Jiaming , Zhang Hengkai , Qin Minchao , Cui Li , Chandran Hrisheekesh Thachoth , Shen Dong , Lo Ming-Fai , Ng Annie , Surya Charles , Shao Minhua , Lee Chun-Sing , Lu Xinhui , Laquai Frédéric , Zhu Ye , Li Gang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe benchmark tin oxide (SnO2) electron transporting layers (ETLs) have enabled remarkable progress in planar perovskite solar cell (PSCs). However, the energy loss is still a challenge due to the lack of “hidden interface” control. We report a novel ligand-tailored ultrafine SnO2 quantum dots (QDs) via a facile rapid room temperature synthesis. Importantly, the ligand-tailored SnO2 QDs ETL with multi-functional terminal groups in situ refines the buried interfaces with both the perovskite and transparent electrode via enhanced interface binding and perovskite passivation. These novel ETLs induce synergistic effects of physical and chemical interfacial modulation and preferred perovskite crystallization-directing, delivering reduced interface defects, suppressed non-radiative recombination and elongated charge carrier lifetime. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.02% (0.04 cm2) and 21.6% (0.98 cm2, VOC loss: 0.336 V) have been achieved for the blade-coated PSCs (1.54 eV Eg) with our new ETLs, representing a record for SnO2 based blade-coated PSCs. Moreover, a substantially enhanced PCE (VOC) from 20.4% (1.15 V) to 22.8% (1.24 V, 90 mV higher VOC, 0.04 cm2 device) in the blade-coated 1.61 eV PSCs system, via replacing the benchmark commercial colloidal SnO2 with our new ETLs.
Can passive measurement of physiological distress help better predict suicidal thinking?
Authors: Kleiman Evan M. , Bentley Kate H. , Maimone Joseph S. , Lee Hye-In Sarah , Kilbury Erin N. , Fortgang Rebecca G. , Zuromski Kelly L. , Huffman Jeff C. , Nock Matthew K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere has been growing interest in using wearable physiological monitors to passively detect the signals of distress (i.e., increases in autonomic arousal measured through increased electrodermal activity [EDA]) that may be imminently associated with suicidal thoughts. Before using these monitors in advanced applications such as creating suicide risk detection algorithms or just-in-time interventions, several preliminary questions must be answered. Specifically, we lack information about whether: (1) EDA concurrently and prospectively predicts suicidal thinking and (2) data on EDA adds to the ability to predict the presence and severity of suicidal thinking over and above self-reports of emotional distress. Participants were suicidal psychiatric inpatients (n = 25, 56% female,Mage = 33.48 years) who completed six daily assessments of negative affect and suicidal thinking duration of their psychiatric inpatient stay and 28 days post-discharge, and wore on their wrist a physiological monitor (Empatica Embrace) that passively detects autonomic activity. We found that physiological data alone both concurrently and prospectively predicted periods of suicidal thinking, but models with physiological data alone had the poorest fit. Adding physiological data to self-report models improved fit when the outcome variable was severity of suicidal thinking, but worsened model fit when the outcome was presence of suicidal thinking. When predicting severity of suicidal thinking, physiological data improved model fit more for models with non-overlapping self-report data (i.e., low arousal negative affect) than for overlapping self-report data (i.e., high arousal negative affect). These findings suggest that physiological data, under certain contexts (e.g., when combined with self-report data), may be useful in better predicting—and ultimately, preventing—acute increases in suicide risk. However, some cautious optimism is warranted since physiological data do not always improve our ability to predict suicidal thinking.