bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and Executive Function in Congenital Heart Disease: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Feldmann Maria , Bataillard Célina , Ehrler Melanie , Ullrich Cinzia , Knirsch Walter , Gosteli-Peter Martina A. , Held Ulrike , Latal Beatrice 
Published: September 2021

CONTEXTCognitive function and executive function (EF) impairments contribute to the long-term burden of congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the degree and profile of impairments are insufficiently described.OBJECTIVETo systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence on cognitive function and EF outcomes in school-aged children operated for CHD and identify the risk factors for an unfavorable outcome.DATA SOURCESCochrane, Embase, Medline, and PsycINFO.STUDY SELECTIONOriginal peer-reviewed studies reporting cognitive or EF outcome in 5- to 17-year old children with CHD after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.DATA EXTRACTIONResults of IQ and EF assessments were extracted, and estimates were transformed to means and SE. Standardized mean differences were calculated for comparison with healthy controls.RESULTSAmong 74 studies (3645 children with CHD) reporting total IQ, the summary estimate was 96.03 (95% confidence interval: 94.91 to 97.14). Hypoplastic left heart syndrome and univentricular CHD cohorts performed significantly worse than atrial and ventricular septum defect cohorts (P = .0003; P = .027). An older age at assessment was associated with lower IQ scores in cohorts with transposition of the great arteries (P = .014). Among 13 studies (774 children with CHD) reporting EF compared with controls, the standardized mean difference was −0.56 (95% confidence interval: −0.65 to −0.46) with no predilection for a specific EF domain or age effect.LIMITATIONSHeterogeneity between studies was large.CONCLUSIONSIntellectual impairments in CHD are frequent, with severity and trajectory depending on the CHD subtype. EF performance is poorer in children with CHD without a specific EF profile. The heterogeneity in studied populations and applied assessments is large. A uniform testing guideline is urgently needed.
Spectrophotometric determination of niclosamide Via Schiff ’s base formulations in pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations
Authors: N S Othman , I T Saleem 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Niclosamide(NICS) its chemical name 5-chloro-N-(2- chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxybenz-amide]is the only commercially existing molluscicide optional by the WHO for large extent use in schistosomiasis be in charge of programs . NICS and its two new synthesized derivatives constructed to float on the water surface were able to kill cercariae, also obsessed promising activity in vitro nearby to an apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma (4). Few spectrophotometric methods have been reported for the estimation of NICS as pure and in formulations, approximately these methods depend on reduction of nitro group (almost with zinc powder in acidic medium) followed by reaction with different reagents. The method based on reduction of nitro group of NICS then reaction of reduced-NICS with para- N,N dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in non-aqueous medium (methanol) to form a colored product that has been proved successfully for the estimation of NICS in pharmaceutical and veterinary formulations Material and method :All reagents used are of analytical grade and are obtained from Fluka or Aldrich , NICS wassupplied from SIGMA companies. Methanolic solution of para- N,N- dimethylanimobenzaldehyde (Fluka)3%, weighing 3 g and dissolved in 100 ml methanol in a volumetric flask. All other reagents were prepared bydissolving the propriety weight in perfect solvent. A volume in the range of 0.1 to 1.7 ml of 100 µg.ml-1RNICS solution was transferred to 10 ml calibrated flasks.2ml of PNNDMABA (3.0 %) was added, and the volume was made up to 10 ml by adding methanol. The yellow Schiff ’s base was measured at 454 nm versus a blank solution. Results and Discussion:The optimum pH for reaction of NICS with para-N, N-dimethylanimobenzaldehyde equal to 3 which resulted by mixing the components of the reaction. The absorbance increase with increasing reagent concentration (para-N,N- dimethylanimobenzaldehyde) and reached maximum on adding volume of 2.0 ml of (3%), which also gives the highest value of determination coefficient (R2).The experimental data indicated that methanol was the optimum solvent used in dilution according to high intensity of Schiff ’s base and the good stability. The formation of the yellow Schiff ’s base being complete after mixing the components of reaction and the absorbance remained constant for at least 2 hours. Conclusion: Accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was described for the estimation of NICS. The present method has been successfully applied for the estimation of NICS in pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations.
Pathogenicity of Fusarium species associated with crown and root rot of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different condition
Authors: Shareef Al-Tovi Bareen Sidqi , Abduljabbar Haleem Raed 
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted to test the pathogenicity of Fusarium species, the causes of crown and root rot disease of wheat crop, under three different conditions (Laboratory, Greenhouse and Field) and to show the best method for pathogenicity among different conditions. Pathogenicity test of six isolates of Fusarium species (F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. avenaceum, F. nivale, F. solani and F. udum) was tested on durum (Simeto) cultivar of wheat by test tube method in the laboratory, the tested fungi had substantial effect on seed germination. F. oxysporum showed the highest germination failure (44.44%) which significantly differed with other species. In the greenhouse, seedlings were inoculated by spore suspension at the base of each plant stem. The most virulent fungus after 35 days of inoculation was F. oxysporum (0.78) followed by F. solani (0.70) and F. graminearum (0.66), while the lowest disease severity was recorded by F. udum (0.16). Also in the field pathogenicity experiments of three Fusarium species (F. graminearum, F. oxysporum and F. solani) were performed on a durum (Simeto) and soft (Cham6) cultivars. Spore suspension was applied at the 2- to 3-leaf Zadoks’s growth stage. Disease severity was calculated at two stages of wheat growth (Booting and Ripening).The most virulent fungus was F. graminearum (0.42) that was significantly different from other fungi. This work indicated that F. graminearum, F. oxysporum and F. solani showed higher infection than remaining tested species under threeconditions. Pathogenicity test in laboratory by test tube method (In-vitro) appeared more effective than greenhouse and field experiments
Increasing gold recovery from poor ore using gravity
Authors: Koulibaly Moussa , Chekushina Tatiana , Yankevskiy Alexey 
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the issues of increasing the efficiency of extraction of gold-bearing ores from poor ores using gravity using combined geotechnologies at the Sigiri mine (Republic of Guinea). Gravity Recoverable Gold (GRG) is defined as gold present in a particle in sufficient quantities to be selectively recovered from waste rock by gravity methods. Since Guinea is one of the ten leaders among the countries of the African continent in terms of gold reserves (2019 — 700,000 tons), it should be taken into account that the complex of measures for ore processing includes crushing modules interconnected during the technological process, grinding-gravity module, flotation module and metallurgical a module that affects the solution of the problem of integrated development of subsoil in the generally accepted understanding and this is the maximum extraction of recorded reserves from the subsoil and useful components from mined ore.	The author presents the influence of the centrifugal concentrator Nelson (Knelson) on increasing the degree of gold recovery from gold-bearing poor ores under high climatic conditions. Increase in gold production by the GRG test method due to the destruction of the ore structure and a significant decrease in density, as well as an increase in the opening of minerals using gravity up to 63 %. Thus, the optimization is classified as medium-coarse gold.
MANAGEMENT OF ICT-MEDIATED LEARNING: A CURRICULUM DESIGN PROPOSAL FROM UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO
Authors: Humanante Ramos Patricio Ricardo , Orozco Cazco Gustavo Homero , Ullauri Moreno Magdalena Inés , Iza Caiza Nataly Silvana 
Published: September 2021

The current situation in the field of education demands teachers who are capable of functioning in new learning scenarios where the possibilities offered by ICT for information acquisition and communication processes are enormous. In this sense, it is necessary to have postgraduate programs that contribute to the development of digital skills in teachers. The main purpose of this work is to propose the curricular design for a Master's program in Education, Mention in Management of Learning Mediated by ICT, offered by Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo in Ecuador. For this, a qualitative research was undertaken in order to characterize and determine the most important features of each module of the curriculum. A documentary research design was applied through the PICOC method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Context). The result of this work was a curricular mesh that consists of 12 study modules wherein aspects such as: digital literacy for the new society were addressed; didactics in new digital environments; the design and development of content and digital resources for learning; new ways of learning and innovating in education; as well as research in educational technology.
Mo calculations from a generalized AR parameter method for WWSSN instruments
Authors: Williams Barbara Radovich 
Published: September 2021

abstract
A single calibration curve which relates seismic moment (Mo to the AR parameter, a time domain sum of the area under the surface-wave envelope, has been found applicable to 20 WWSSN long-period instruments recording surface waves over predominantly oceanic paths of up to 17,000 km epicentral distance, and Ms up to 8.0. The method is easy and Mo estimates are obtained in a routine procedure with errors of a factor of 2 for continental events and a factor of 3 for oceanic events. Analog or digital data can be used from a few stations with only an approximate knowledge of the recording instrument, type of path, and mechanism of the event. Theoretical Mo versus AR curves are derived from the average spectral theory of Geller (1976) and the empirically determined curve is consistent with the predicted. The AR method is shown to be more sensitive to longer period contributions to the wave train as the event size increases, establishing its usefulness for studying earthquakes with a wide range of Ms values. The method is applied to 12 events occurring in 1974 to 1975 with unknown Mo.
On Canadian methodologies of probabilistic seismic risk estimation
Authors: Weichert D. H. , Milne W. G. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Three probabilistic methods for the estimation of seismic risk have been used in Canada. A reevaluation of the extreme value method shows no advantages over the average value method of Milne and Davenport. Conceptual improvements in the underlying assumptions of the latter method are a constrained release of historical earthquakes from their presumed epicenters and the averaging of earthquake rates over variable periods. Risk estimation can then proceed as suggested by Cornell. Comparison of the results of this modification of the average number method shows similar results as the Milne and Davenport average value method. The stability of risk estimates against new earthquakes is improved, but sensitivities at typical sites toward unavoidable deterministic elements in the model are similar to the older method. For certain site-source-seismicity combinations probabilistic estimates of ground motion could become almost quasi-deterministic.
Evaluation of the relation between near-surface geological units and ground response in the vicinity of Long Beach, California
Authors: Rogers A. M. , Tinsley J. C. , Hays W. W. , King K. W. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Simulataneous recordings of Nevada Test Site nuclear events were made at sites underlain by alluvium in the Long Beach, California, area and at sites underlain by rock in the Palos Verdes and Pasadena areas. These data show peak-ground-velocity alluvium-to-rock ratios as large as 7 and spectral ratios as high as 11 in the period band from 0.2 to 6 sec. Comparison of the low-strain nuclear-explosion data and the San Fernando earthquake strong-motion data at three sites indicates that the alluvium-to-rock spectral ratios derived from the nuclear explosions are similar to those derived from the earthquake.
Significant trends exist in the short-period data, indicating higher ground response at sites underlain at the near-surface by materials that have high void ratios and lower ground response with increasing thickness of Quaternary deposits. These results suggest that the short-period response is primarily controlled both by near-surface low-velocity layers and by attenuation in the Quaternary sediments. Comparison of the data of this study with data collected in other areas indicates that the long-period response increase with either increasing depth to basement or with alluvium thickness, when this thickness is greater than 400 m. From previous theoretical studies and these results, ground response in the long-period band is related to those underlying geological structures and major velocity contrasts that control the development of surface waves.
Source mechanism and aftershock study of the Colima, Mexico earthquake of January 30, 1973
Authors: Reyes A. , Brune J. N. , Lomnitz Cinna 
Published: September 2021

abstract
The Colima earthquake (magnitude 7.5) occurred just inland from the Middle America Trench, 110 km south of the Volcan de Colima and 160 km southeast of Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico. Damage at several cities and towns was severe, 30 people were killed, and hundreds were injured. Four days after the earthquake, a six-station portable seismograph array was set up in the epicentral area as part of a cooperative program between UCSD, the University of Mexico, and the Mexican Federal Power Commission. From about 330 aftershocks recorded in the following 212 weeks, accurate locations were obtained for 50. One large aftershock had a magnitude of 6.2, the others range in local magnitude from 1.5 to 4.5. The locations outline a region approximately 90 km long and 60 km wide, in nearly the same location as the aftershock zone inferred by Kelleher et al. (1973) for the 1941 earthquake. The focal depth of the aftershocks (ranging from 2 to 30 km) and the fault-plane solutions for the main event indicated a shallow dipping thrust plane (about 30°). The seismic moment estimated from mantle rayleigh waves is 3 × 1027 dyne-cm. The pattern of aftershocks was used to estimate the source dimensions. From the moment and source dimensions the average slip was estimated to be about 1.4 m, corresponding to a stress drop of about 8 bars.
The occurrence of this earthquake is discussed in terms of the general seismicity of the Middle America Trench, the convergence rate predicted by plate tectonics, and the use of seismic gap theory for earthquake prediction. The fact that this earthquake may have been in the zone of the 1941 earthquake rather than in the adjacent seismic gap, suggests that caution must be taken in using seismic gap theory to predict earthquakes in the region. It further suggests that in the adjacent seismic gap a large earthquake may be eminent, and thus the gap may be an important area for deploying seismic instruments.
Berbamine application beyond cancer
Authors: Soni Navneet O. 
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this review was to ascertain the clinical application and future non oncological uses of Berbaminebamine (BERBAMINE). Berbaminebamine, as a STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription) inhibitor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and modulator of many signalling pathways, should be investigated in autoimmune diseases. Berbaminebamine has been found to have pharmacological activity in the following cancers: breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, colon cancer, bladder cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, triple negative breast cancer and osteosarcoma. Ischemic reperfusion injury, melanoma, COVID-19 and allergy diseases are among the conditions for which it is beneficial. It may aid in the treatment of obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory syndrome, sepsis, COVID-19, dengue fever, Nipah virus infection, influenza, solid tumors, lymphoma, cancer, hematological malignancies, skin inflammatory disorder and atopic dermatitis. BERBAMINE can be used as versatile molecule in alcoholic liver disease, diabetic nephropathy and antiviral, anti-inflammatory.
Association between passive smoking and dental caries among 3-8 years children in Bangalore city
Authors: Rao ChaithraShree S , Agarwal Manisha , Konde Sapna , Peethambar Preetha , Prasad Sahana N 
Published: September 2021

Salivary antimicrobial peptides (AMP’s) play an important role in the local defense of oral cavity and expression of these are altered by various factors. Among them cigarette smoke has known to have detrimental effects on salivary immune defense mechanisms. The effect of passive smoking on salivary AMP’s and correlation to dental caries in children has not yet been reported. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the correlation between passive smoking and dental caries in exposed and unexposed children. A randomized cross-sectional study was designed to target children aged between 3 to 8 years. Self-reported questionnaire was filled by the parents of the participants to obtain the data. Questionnaires included in the study comprised sections related to demographic part and smoking characteristics. Participants were divided into passive exposed (PE) and unexposed (UE) group based on exposure parameters. Clinical examination and Salivary flow rate were assessed and the obtained data was subjected to statistical analysis. TPE group (5.58+/-4.66) than UE group (3.15+/-3.26) where (p=0.003)and under educated parents (p=0.02). Comparison of smoking related parameters to caries prevalence have shown direct positive correlation.[K1] [M2] The mean DMF scores were higher among children in [K3] [K4] [M5] E group (5.58+/-4.66) than UE group (3.15+/-3.26) where (p=0.003). Also it was seen that the DMF were higher in children who belonged to lower socio-economic status (p= 0.001) and under educated parents (p=0.02). Comparison of smoking related parameters to caries prevalence have shown direct positive correlation. Reduction of passive smoking is important not only for the prevention of various systemic ill-effects, but also for the promotion of children's dental health.
“You Would Not Seek Me If You Had Not Found Me”—Another Pascalian Response to the Problem of Divine Hiddenness
Authors: Guillon Jean-Baptiste 
Published: September 2021

One version of the Problem of Divine Hiddenness is about people who are looking for God and are distressed about not finding him. Having in mind such distressed God-seekers, Blaise Pascal imagined Jesus telling them the following: “Take comfort; you would not seek me if you had not found me.” This is what I call the Pascalian Conditional of Hiddenness (PCH). In the first part of this paper, I argue that the PCH leads to a new interpretation of Pascal’s own response to the problem, significantly different from Hick’s or Schellenberg’s interpretations of Pascal. In short: for any person who is distressed about not finding God, and who (for this reason) seriously considers the Argument from Hiddenness, the PCH would show that their own distress constitutes evidence that God is in fact not hidden to them (because this desire for God has been instigated in them by God himself). In the second part of the paper, I set aside the exegetical question and try to develop this original strategy as a contemporary response to one version of the Problem of Divine Hiddenness, which I call the “first-person problem.” I argue that the PCH strategy offers a plausibly actual story to respond to the first-person problem. As a result, even if we need to complement the PCH strategy with other more traditional strategies (in order to respond to other versions of the problem), the PCH strategy should plausibly be part of the complete true story about Divine Hiddenness.
Divine Openness for Physical Relationship
Authors: Butakov Pavel 
Published: September 2021

The success of the atheistic hiddenness argument depends on the “consciousness constraint” it imposes on the divine-human loving relationship: namely, that this relationship requires human conscious awareness of being in the relationship with God. I challenge the truth of this proposition by introducing the concept of a physical relationship with God that is not subject to this constraint. I argue, first, that a physical relationship with God is metaphysically possible; second, that its plausibility is supported by natural theology; and third, that a perfectly loving God would prefer physical relationships with human beings over consciousness-constrained relationships, because a perfectly loving God would prefer to preserve the integrity of human freedom of participation and allow inclusion of all people regardless of their natural cognitive capabilities. I also offer an interpretation of apparent divine hiddenness in the light of the idea of God’s openness for physical relationships.
ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРНА ПРИРОДА КОНЦЕПТУ «ВІДЬМА» В ЕТНОГРАФІЧНИХ ЗАПИСАХ ВОЛОДИМИРА ГНАТЮКА (до 150-річчя від дня народження)
Authors: ВІЛЬЧИНСЬКА Тетяна Пилипівна , БАЧИНСЬКА Галина Василівна , ВЕРБОВЕЦЬКА Оксана Степанівна , ВІЛЬЧИНСЬКИЙ Олександр Казимирович 
Published: September 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі сучасної лінгвістики – аналізу лінгвокультурної природи концептуальних одиниць в українській народно-мовній традиції. Метою запропонованої розвідки є визначення лінгвокультурної специфіки одного з важливих репрезентантів демонологічного простору, а саме етнокультурного сакрально-хтонічного концепту «відьма», предметом дослідження – його семантико-аксіологічні особливості. Робота виконана на матеріалі етнографічних записів про демонологію В. Гнатюка. У результаті дослідження виявлено основні концептуальні смисли та аксіологічні характеристики аналізованого концепту. Висновки. Встановлено, що концепт «відьма» в українській етнолінгвокультурі є полісемантичним, когнітивно багатогранним, більшою мірою негативно маркованим. Констатуємо, що осмислення подібних мовно-ментальних величин посідає важливе місце в сучасній лінгвістиці, оскільки актуалізує подальші наукові зацікавлення сакрально-хтонічними концептами, представленими в етнографічних джерелах. Потужним матеріалом у цьому плані вважаємо записи про демонологію В. Гнатюка, які ще потребують ґрунтовного аналізу. Водночас поліаспектний опис українського демонімікону може також стимулювати вивчення інших етнокультурних концептів у контексті ментальності і духовної культури українців.