bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of maternal diet and nutritional status with offspring hepatic steatosis in the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children
Authors: Sekkarie Ahlia , Welsh Jean A. , Northstone Kate , Stein Aryeh D. , Ramakrishnan Usha , Vos Miriam B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Priming for cardiometabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is hypothesized to begin in utero. The primary objective of this study is to determine whether there is an association between maternal nutritional status and offspring NAFLD.

Methods
Data come from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) in the UK. The analytic sample included 3353 participants who had maternal information on pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, diabetes, and free sugar intake as percent of total energy and were assessed for mild-severe hepatic steatosis at 24 years by transient elastography (controlled attenuation parameter score ≥ 248 dB/m). Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between maternal factors and offspring hepatic steatosis at 24 years.

Results
In confounder-adjusted models the independent associations for each maternal factor with mild to severe vs low hepatic steatosis at 24 years were: pre-pregnancy overweight (OR: 1.84, 95%CL: 1.43–2.38) or obesity (OR: 2.73, 95%CL: 1.84–4.03), more than recommended gestational weight gain (OR: 1.30, 95%CL: 1.04–1.64), diabetes (OR: 1.39, 95%CI: 0.87, 2.21), and high free sugar intake during pregnancy (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.33). These associations were largely mediated by BMI at 24 years, but not by birthweight or breastfeeding.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that maternal nutritional status is associated with the development of NAFLD in their adult offspring, although the relationship is largely mediated by offspring BMI in adulthood.
Giving away some of their powers! Towards learner agency in digital assessment and feedback
Authors: Casanova Diogo , Alsop Graham , Huet Isabel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDigital assessment and feedback have been a growing area of research and practice in the past decade in higher education. Within this theme, research has been published highlighting the importance of learner agency in the assessment and feedback process as a way to develop assessment literacy in contrast with the existing lecturer-led approach. In this research, we aimed to find out whether lecturers are willing to let go of some of the power they currently have in the digital assessment and feedback process and how they see opportunities for agency being developed in the digital assessment and feedback systems. We collected data from 10 sandpits with 58 lecturers in which, using a storytelling technique and one mock-up of a digital assessment and feedback system, we discussed and critiqued an assessment scenario intending to collect perceptions about digital assessment and feedback and the constraints felt by lecturers in their assessment practice. Based on these perceptions, we identify recommendations that may improve digital assessment and feedback systems and practices. We discuss the data and the recommendations based on three clusters of themes: (i) preparation for the assessment, (ii) formative feedback and (iii) feedback post-submission.
The incubation effect among students playing an educational game for physics
Authors: Talandron-Felipe May Marie P. , Rodrigo Ma. Mercedes T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe incubation effect (IE) is a problem-solving phenomenon composed of three phases: pre-incubation where one fails to solve a problem; incubation, a momentary break where time is spent away from the unsolved problem; and post-incubation where the unsolved problem is revisited and solved. Literature on IE was limited to experiments involving traditional classroom activities. This initial investigation showed evidence of IE instances in a computer-based learning environment. This paper consolidates the studies on IE among students playing an educational game called Physics Playground and presents further analysis to examine the incidence of post-incubation or the revisit to a previously unsolved problem. Prior work, which focused on predicting successful outcomes, includes a coarse-grained IE model developed with logistic regression on aggregated data and an improved model which leveraged long short-term memory (LSTM) combined with dimensionality reduction visualization technique and clustering on fine-grained data. The additional analysis which aims to understand factors that may trigger the post-incubation phase also used fine-grained data and LSTM to create a revisit model. Results show that time elapsed relative to the activity period and encountering a problem with a similar solution during incubation were possible factors in revisiting previously unsolved problems.
A zebrafish-centric approach to antiepileptic drug development
Authors: Baraban Scott C. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Danio rerio (zebrafish) are a powerful experimental model for genetic and developmental studies. Adaptation of zebrafish to study seizures was initially established using the common convulsant agent pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Larval PTZ-exposed zebrafish exhibit clear behavioral convulsions and abnormal electrographic activity, reminiscent of interictal and ictal epileptiform discharge. By using this model, our laboratory developed simple locomotion-based and electrophysiological assays to monitor and quantify seizures in larval zebrafish. Zebrafish also offer multiple advantages for rapid genetic manipulation and high-throughput phenotype-based drug screening. Combining these seizure assays with genetically modified zebrafish that represent Dravet syndrome, a rare genetic epilepsy, ultimately contributed to a phenotype-based screen of over 3500 drugs. Several drugs identified in these zebrafish screens are currently in clinical or compassionate-use trials. The emergence of this ‘aquarium-to-bedside’ approach suggests that broader efforts to adapt and improve upon this zebrafish-centric strategy can drive a variety of exciting new discoveries.
The canonical smooth muscle cell marker TAGLN is present in endothelial cells and is involved in angiogenesis
Authors: Tsuji-Tamura Kiyomi , Morino-Koga Saori , Suzuki Shingo , Ogawa Minetaro 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Elongation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) is an important process in angiogenesis; however, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The actin-crosslinking protein TAGLN (transgelin, also known as SM22 or SM22α) is abundantly expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and is widely used as a canonical marker for this cell type. In the course of studies using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) carrying an Tagln promoter-driven fluorescence marker, we noticed activation of the Tagln promoter during EC elongation. Tagln promoter activation co-occurred with EC elongation in response to vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)–Akt signaling and mTORC1 also induced EC elongation and Tagln promoter activation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) elongated, activated the TAGLN promoter and increased TAGLN transcripts in an angiogenesis model. Genetic disruption of TAGLN augmented angiogenic behaviors of HUVECs, as did the disruption of TAGLN2 and TAGLN3 genes. Tagln expression was found in ECs in mouse embryos. Our results identify TAGLN as a putative regulator of angiogenesis whose expression is activated in elongating ECs. This finding provides insight into the cytoskeletal regulation of EC elongation and an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of angiogenesis.
The effects of telenutrition in overweight and obese adults in a nutritional center in Lima, Peru.
Authors: Castrillón Liñan Carolina , Alvarez Mayorga Jimy Henry , Lozada-Urbano Michelle 
Published: July 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging for health services and systems around the world, including Peru. A viable alternative in the telemedicine field to guarantee patient nutritional care is telenutrition. Telenutrition involves the interactive use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to implement the nutrition care process with patients at a remote location. Information regarding the experience with this methodology and its potential effect on patients’ nutritional goals, does not exist in Peru. The aim of the study was to report the effect of the evaluation type (telenutrition vs. in-person) on anthropometric parameters weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and relative fat mass (RFM) in overweight and obese adult patients. Methods: This retrospective study included 100 eligible patients in a single nutritional center, from January 2019 to March 2021. Results: There was a significant difference in weight, BMI, WC and RFM at the end of the three-month follow-up period, in both evaluation modalities. Patients on the telenutrition group had a mean decrease of 6.80 ± 4.87 cm in their WC, whereas the mean difference observed for the in-person group was 6.74 ± 4.55 cm. There were no statistically significant differences in the changes of any anthropometric parameters when comparing both systems. Reductions were observed in weight (5.93 ± 3.88 kg vs. 4.92 ± 3.29 kg), BMI (2.23 ± 1.39 kg/ m2 vs. 1.83 ± 1.23 kg/ m2), WC (6.80 ± 4.87 cm vs. 6.74 ± 4.55 cm) and RFM (2.43 ± 1.78 vs. 2.63 ± 1.73) in telenutrition and in-person evaluation, respectively. Conclusions: Telenutrition may be regarded as an alternative to in-person evaluation offering anthropometric changes and nutritional goals similar to those reported through the in-person modality, in overweight and obese adult people.
Gestational metabolic syndrome and neonatal anthropometric indices: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Hatamian Zeinab , Moghaddam-Banaem Lida , Mokhlesi Samira , Naz Marzieh Saei Ghare 
Published: July 2021

Background and aim There is limited knowledge about the effect of maternal metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the anthropometric parameters of newborns. Therefore, the authors aimed to evaluate the association between MetS in the first trimester of pregnancy with weight and height of the newborn. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted on 455 pregnant women in Tehran during their first trimester of pregnancy. MetS was defined as the coexistence of three or more of the following criteria: fasting blood sugar (FBS) level ≥92 mg/dl, blood pressure ≥130.85 mm/hg, triglyceride ≥150 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein ≤50 mg/dl, and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. All participants were followed up to childbirth. After birth, the baby's weight and height data were collected from the birth certificate. Results Linear regression analysis showed FBS (ß: 0.100, p-value: 0.038), BMI (ß: 0.139, p-value: 0.004), and MetS (ß: -0.122, p-value: 0.015) were significantly associated with birth weight but no statistically significant results were found for birth height. Conclusion MetS and some of its components in pregnancy can affect birth weight of neonates.
Understanding vaccine hesitancy: the evidence
Authors: While Alison 
Published: July 2021

Vaccine hesitancy is a concern both globally and within the UK. Alison While reviews the evidence relating to vaccine hesitancy, its underlying factors and the sociodemographic variations Vaccination is an important public health intervention, but its effectiveness depends upon the uptake of vaccination reaching sufficient levels to yield ‘herd’ immunity. While the majority of the UK hold positive attitudes about vaccination, some people, including health professionals, decline vaccinations. This article reviews the evidence relating to vaccine hesitancy, its underlying factors and the sociodemographic variations.
Doppler optical frequency domain reflectometry for remote fiber sensing: erratum
Authors: Koeppel Max , Sharma Abhinav , Podschus Jasper , Sundaramahalingam Sanju , Joly Nicolas Y. , Xie Shangran , Russell Philip St. J. , Schmauss Bernhard 
Published: July 2021

This erratum corrects a typographical error in Eq. (10) of our paper [Opt. Express 29, 14615 (2021)10.1364/OE.421842].
Robust broadband athermal 2 × 2 Mach–Zehnder interferometer with sub-wavelength grating adiabatic couplers
Authors: Mohammed Zakriya , Rasras Mahmoud 
Published: July 2021

We report an all-silicon thermally insensitive (

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Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) over a spectral range from 1540 to 1620 nm. Additionally, the proposed MZI exhibits no imbalance in its extinction ratio with temperature. The broadband spectral range with minimal temperature sensitivity is achieved by slightly overcompensating the MZI design for temperature variations. At the same time, the uniformity in the extinction ratio is controlled using sub-wavelength grating adiabatic couplers for splitting and combining.
El modelo delictivo en el capitalismo neoliberal financiero
Authors: Pegoraro Juan S. 
Published: July 2021

Se trata de un análisis crítico del capitalismo actual con sus formas delictivas de acumulación e inversión y sus prácticas políticas que conforman lo que se denomina Capitalismo Neoliberal financiero. Su naturaleza es delictiva tanto en su acumulación dineraria por medio de diversas formas del crimen organizado como en su inversión crediticia transformada en capital para obtener una renta. Se trata de un proceso en el que participan numerosas personificaciones sociales y se ejercen relaciones de poder. La impunidad penal y la inmunidad social forma parte proceso. Este ensayo se enmarca en la tradición de la Criminología Crítica frente al resurgimiento en el campo académico de un Neopositivismo criminológico.
The Implementation of Scientific Approach for Cooperative Learning Model Typed Inside Outside Circle (IOC) Toward the Science Learning Outcomes of the Seventh Graders of Lawang Public Islamic JHS Mandahiling
Authors: Maiyena Sri , Khaira Kuntum , Oktavia Widia 
Published: July 2021

The science learning outcomes of grade VIII students at MTsN Lawang Mandahiling are still low. Students physics's low learning outcomes are because teachers still dominate physics learning, and the intensity of student involvement when learning is a little. This study aims to determine how to apply a scientific approach to the Inside-Outside Circle cooperative learning model for students' physics learning outcomes. This type of research is quasi-experimental research, with the research design used is posttest only control group design. Sampling used random sampling, resulting in two sample classes, namely class VIII.2 as the experimental and VIII.3 as the control class. The data collection used a test of student learning outcomes on knowledge competencies in a multiple-choice test of 20 items. The competency data of students' attitudes and skills used observation sheets which were analyzed qualitatively descriptive. The results of the final tests conducted in the study showed that the physics learning outcomes of students in the experimental class were better than the control class. The average final score of students for knowledge competence in the experimental class and control class, respectively, was 78.00 and 66.00. For attitudinal competence, the average scores obtained by the experimental class and control class were 68.98 and 65.34, respectively. For the competency skills, the average scores obtained by the experimental class and control class are 74.22 and 68.25, respectively. Hypothesis testing is done by using a t-test. From the calculation on knowledge competency, the result of tcount = 3.07 while ttable = 1.684; on attitude competence, the price of tcount = 2.29; on skills competency, the tcount = 4.26; while ttable = 1.684 while t table = 1.684 at the real level α = 0.05. It means that tcount> ttable so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that the students' physics learning outcomes in applying the synthetic approach to the Inside-Outside Circle cooperative learning model are better than the physics learning outcomes of students who do not use the Inside-Outside Circle cooperative learning model in solar system subject matter in grade VIII MTsN Lawang Mandahiling.
The use of Polish and Czech as a lingua receptiva in comparison with English as a lingua franca – some remarks on multilingual modes of communication with reference to CSS and ICC
Authors: Steciąg Magdalena , Majdańska-Wachowicz Urszula 
Published: July 2021

The present study aims to investigate the use of Polish and Czech as a lingua receptiva (LaRa) in comparison with English as a lingua franca (ELF) between Polish and Czech students when making semi-spontaneous dialogues. With this aim in mind, the notion of intelligibility together with communication strategies (CSs) and intercultural communicative competence (ICC) are discussed. The study is inspired by Bulatović’s et al. (2019) who investigated the effectiveness of LaRa and ELF between Croatians and Slovenes. The study investigated listening skills and showed that the mean of intelligibility was high irrespective of the mode. The study in question aims to expand prior research with reference to spoken interactions between Polish and Czech speakers. In particular, it examines the role of communication strategies and intercultural communicative competence in achieving intelligibility in two multilingual modes. The results of the study show that the level of intelligibility is high irrespective of the mode. In LaRa and ELF sessions intelligibility and negotiation strategies are determined by careful language choices, certain communication strategies, and intercultural communicative competence (intercultural attitude towards the partner and modes of communication).
Tetrahedral cages for unit discs
Authors: Yuan Liping , Zamfirescu Tudo , Zhang Yanxue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A cage is the 1-skeleton of a convex polytope in ℝ3. A cage is said to hold a set if the set cannot be continuously moved to a distant location, remaining congruent to itself and disjoint from the cage. In how many positions can (compact 2-dimensional) unit discs be held by a tetrahedral cage? We completely answer this question for all tetrahedra.
Voice in a narrative: A trialogue with Ruth Finnegan
Authors: Gintsburg Sarali , Galván Moreno Luis , Finnegan Ruth 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ruth Finnegan FBA OBE (1933, Derry, Northern Ireland) took a DPhil in Anthropology at Oxford, then joined the Open University of which she is now an Emeritus Professor. Her publications include Oral Literature in Africa (1970), Oral Poetry (1977), The Hidden Musicians: Music-Making in an English Town (1989), and Why Do We Quote? The Culture and History of Quotation (2011). Ruth Finnegan was interviewed by Sarali Gintsburg (ICS, University of Navarra) and Luis Galván Moreno (University of Navarra) on the occasion of an online lecture delivered at the Institute for Culture and Society at the University of Navarra. In this trialogue-like interview, Ruth tells about the childhood experiences that were decisive for her interest in orality and storytelling, about her education and training as a Classicist in Oxford, the beginnings of her fieldwork in Africa among the Limba of Sierra Leone, and her recent activity as a novelist. She stresses the importance of voice, of its physical, bodily dimensions, its pitch and cadence; and then affirms the essential role of audience in communication. The discussion then touches upon several features of African languages, classical Arabic and Greek, and authoritative texts of Western culture, from Homer and the Bible to the 19th century novel. Through discussing her childhood memories, her assessment of the development and challenges of anthropology, and her views on the digital transformation of the world, Ruth concludes that the notion of narrative, communication, and multimodality are inseparably linked.
Metal nanoparticles and biomaterials: The multipronged approach for potential diabetic wound therapy
Authors: Nor Azlan Ahmad Yasser Hamdi , Katas Haliza , Mh Busra Mohd Fauzi , Salleh Nur Atiqah Mohamad , Smandri Ali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMetal nanoparticles have been widely used in the treatment of diabetic wounds owing to their proven antibacterial activity and enhanced wound healing effects. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the use of metal nanoparticles in managing diabetic wounds, mainly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and zinc nanoparticles (ZnO nanoparticles), as well as their combination with biomaterials such as chitosan, bacterial cellulose, growth factors,etc. The combination of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials reportedly halts the growth and multiplication of bacterial strains commonly involved in diabetic wounds, including gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureusandAcinetobacter calcoaceticus) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli,andKlebsiella pneumoniae). Furthermore, these combinations have demonstrated enhanced wound healing of diabetic wounds duringin vitroandin vivostudies. Additionally, we highlighted the barriers and challenges associated with the use of metal nanoparticles, including toxicities. Moreover, toxicities were mainly related to the method of synthesis employed, as well as the physical characteristics of nanoparticles, including size, shape, surface charge, and morphology. Collectively, dual-therapy composed of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials has been shown to promote wound healing and can be developed as a promising future therapy for better outcomes in diabetic wound healing.
Somatic mutations in adrenals from patients with primary aldosteronism not cured after adrenalectomy suggest common pathogenic mechanisms between unilateral and bilateral disease
Authors: Hacini Inès , De Sousa Kelly , Boulkroun Sheerazed , Meatchi Tchao , Amar Laurence , Zennaro Maria-Christina , Fernandes-Rosa Fabio L 
Published: July 2021

Objective
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary and curable hypertension. Different germline and somatic mutations are found in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and familial forms of the disease, while the causes of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) remain largely unknown. Adrenalectomy is the recommended treatment for patients with APA; however, 6% of patients are not cured and show persistent PA after surgery suggesting BAH. The objective of this study was to analyze clinical data of patients with APA without biochemical success after adrenalectomy as well as the histological and genetic characteristics of their adrenal glands.

Design and methods
Clinical data of 12 patients with partial and absent biochemical cure were compared to those from 39 PA patients with hormonal cure after surgery. Histological, morphological, and genetic characterization of the adrenals was carried out by CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 immunostaining and by CYP11B2-guided NGS.

Results
Patients with absent hormonal cure displayed a longer duration of arterial hypertension and lower lateralization index of aldosterone production. In ten patients, APAs expressing CYP11B2 were identified. No difference in histological and morphological characteristics was observed between patients with or without a hormonal cure. Somatic mutations in APA driver genes were identified in all CYP11B2 positive APAs; CACNA1D mutations were the most frequent genetic abnormality.

Conclusions
Patients with partial and absent biochemical cure were diagnosed later and exhibited a lower lateralization index of aldosterone production, suggesting asymmetric aldosterone production in the context of BAH. Somatic mutations in adrenal glands from those patients indicate common mechanisms underlying BAH and APA.