bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propagation of Wave Packets for Systems Presenting Codimension One Crossings
Authors: Fermanian-Kammerer Clotilde , Lasser Caroline , Robert Didier 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyze the propagation of wave packets through general Hamiltonian systems presenting codimension one eigenvalue crossings. The class of time-dependent Hamiltonians we consider is of general pseudodifferential form with subquadratic growth. It comprises Schrödinger operators with matrix-valued potential, as they occur in quantum molecular dynamics, but also covers matrix-valued models of solid state physics describing the motion of electrons in a crystal. We calculate precisely the non-adiabatic effects of the crossing in terms of a transition operator, whose action on coherent states can be spelled out explicitly.
On a bound of Cocke and Venkataraman
Authors: Sambale Benjamin , Wellmann Philipp 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLet G be a finite group with exactly k elements of largest possible order m. Let q(m) be the product of $$\gcd (m,4)$$

gcd
(
m
,
4
)

and the odd prime divisors of m. We show that $$|G|\le q(m)k^2/\varphi (m)$$

|
G
|

≤
q

(
m
)

k
2

/
φ

(
m
)

where $$\varphi $$
φ
denotes Euler’s totient function. This strengthens a recent result of Cocke and Venkataraman. As an application we classify all finite groups with $$k<36$$

k
<
36

. This is motivated by a conjecture of Thompson and unifies several partial results in the literature.
Geological and hydrogeological assessment of the Brito Formation: Municipio de Tola, Nicaragua
Authors: Adamson James K. , LaVanchy G. Thomas , Stone Brandon , Clark James A. , Dykstra Stuart J. , Taylor Matthew J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere are sparse hydrogeological data and insufficient hydrogeological knowledge in many areas of the world reliant on groundwater. Nicaragua’s Pacific coast is one such region that is also experiencing water scarcity resulting from increasing demand on groundwater resources and climate change. The primary source of water in the region is the aquifer system associated with the Brito Formation, which is a marine sedimentary stratum of mostly sandstone that blankets 75 km of coastline in southwest Nicaragua. This study focused on the Tola municipality with the objective to advance a conceptual understanding of the hydrogeology and to support sustainable water development. Results demonstrate a heterogeneous aquifer system with regional flow characteristics and other factors that influence groundwater availability and water quality. Primary porosity is low, and secondary porosity is the primary mechanism of aquifer storage and is influenced by geological structure and diagenesis processes. Groundwater recharge is spatially and temporally heterogeneous and direct recharge is low. Infiltration of streamflow and runoff, especially early in the rainy season, is thought to be a large component of groundwater recharge. Climate, flow and recharge dynamics, and low storage capacity make the Brito Formation a sensitive resource and vulnerable to drought, increased abstraction, and climate change. This assessment provides data and insights useful for informing future studies and investments within the region and may be applicable in other Central American and Caribbean nations with coastal sandstone aquifers.
The collapse of marine forests: drastic reduction in populations of the family Sargassaceae in Madeira Island (NE Atlantic)
Authors: Bernal-Ibáñez Alejandro , Gestoso Ignacio , Wirtz Peter , Kaufmann Manfred , Serrão Ester A. , Canning-Clode João , Cacabelos Eva 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSpecies of the genera Cystoseira, Ericaria, Gongolaria, and Sargassum (family Sargassaceae) are key components of the Mediterranean-Atlantic marine forests, essential for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Populations of these foundational species are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, likely to be intensified under future scenarios of climate change. The decline and even disappearance of these species have been reported in different areas of the world. At Madeira Island (NE Atlantic), populations of Gongolaria abies-marina, Ericaria selaginoides, Sargassum vulgare, and Sargassum filipendula, the most ecologically relevant species in Macaronesian marine forests, have been suffering a drastic decline during the last decades, especially on the southern coast of the island, where anthropogenic pressure is higher than on the north coast. The lack of sufficient temporal coverage on qualitative and quantitative studies of Sargassaceae communities in Madeira poses a challenge to establish a specific period for this decline. Consulting qualitative studies and historical records, we have set for the first time a timeline that shows an evident decrease in Sargassaceae populations in the last 20 years on Madeira Island. Following this timeline, we pinpoint the start of this decline in the first decade of the 2000s. This can be particularly confirmed for places like Funchal and Reis Magos, with significantly higher historical records. Currently, most benthic communities on shallow subtidal rocky reefs along the south coast are dominated by sea urchins and crustose coralline algae, the so-called sea urchin barrens. However, in some cases, they are entirely covered by a layer of sediment. We discuss the possible factors contributing to these drastic changes, bringing Madeira’s marine forests to a dramatic decline. As many animal species rely on marine forests, the decline of Sargassaceae populations represents an invaluable ecological loss for the coastal ecosystem of the island.
Germline variants in hereditary breast cancer genes are associated with early age at diagnosis and family history in Guatemalan breast cancer
Authors: Ren Megan , Orozco Anali , Shao Kang , Albanez Anaseidy , Ortiz Jeremy , Cao Boyang , Wang Lusheng , Barreda Lilian , Alvarez Christian S. , Garland Lisa , Wu Dongjing , Chung Charles C. , Wang Jiahui , Frone Megan , Ralon Sergio , Argueta Victor , Orozco Roberto , Gharzouzi Eduardo , Dean Michael 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Mutations in hereditary breast cancer genes play an important role in the risk for cancer.

Methods
Cancer susceptibility genes were sequenced in 664 unselected breast cancer cases from Guatemala. Variants were annotated with ClinVar and VarSome.

Results
A total of 73 out of 664 subjects (11%) had a pathogenic variant in a high or moderate penetrance gene. The most frequently mutated genes were BRCA1 (37/664, 5.6%) followed by BRCA2 (15/664, 2.3%), PALB2 (5/664, 0.8%), and TP53 (5/664, 0.8%). Pathogenic variants were also detected in the moderate penetrance genes ATM, BARD1, CHEK2, and MSH6. The high ratio of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations is due to two potential founder mutations: BRCA1 c.212 + 1G > A splice mutation (15 cases) and BRCA1 c.799delT (9 cases). Cases with pathogenic mutations had a significantly earlier age at diagnosis (45 vs 51 years, P < 0.001), are more likely to have had diagnosis before menopause, and a higher percentage had a relative with any cancer (51% vs 37%, P = 0.038) or breast cancer (33% vs 15%, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Hereditary breast cancer mutations were observed among Guatemalan women, and these women are more likely to have early age at diagnosis and family history of cancer. These data suggest the use of genetic testing in breast cancer patients and those at high risk as part of a strategy to reduce breast cancer mortality in Guatemala.
Investigating the failure to best respond in experimental games
Authors: Alempaki Despoina , Colman Andrew M. , Kölle Felix , Loomes Graham , Pulford Briony D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe examine strategic sophistication using eight two-person 3 × 3 one-shot games. To facilitate strategic thinking, we design a ‘structured’ environment where subjects first assign subjective values to the payoff pairs and state their beliefs about their counterparts’ probable strategies, before selecting their own strategies in light of those deliberations. Our results show that a majority of strategy choices are inconsistent with the equilibrium prediction, and that only just over half of strategy choices constitute best responses to subjects’ stated beliefs. Allowing for other-regarding considerations increases best responding significantly, but the increase is rather small. We further compare patterns of strategies with those made in an ‘unstructured’ environment in which subjects are not specifically directed to think strategically. Our data suggest that structuring the pre-decision deliberation process does not affect strategic sophistication.
Salivary gland proteins alterations in the diabetic milieu
Authors: Fouani Malak , Basset Charbel A. , Jurjus Abdo R. , Leone Lavinia Giovanna , Tomasello Giovanni , Leone Angelo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSalivary glands are considered the chief exocrine glands of the mouth and physiologically contribute to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the oral cavity. They consist of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands, which come in pairs and are collectively called the major glands, and the minor glands, which are much smaller and are dispersed throughout the buccal cavity. Salivary glands are distinguished by their size, amount of saliva secretion and their location in the oral cavity. Salivary glands pathophysiology has been a subject of interest in various worldwide metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global health concern, with a pathological imprint involved in vasculature, promotes microvascular and macrovascular complications among which periodontitis ranks sixth. Indeed, DM has also been directly associated with oral health lesions. Specifically, salivary glands in the context of diabetes have been a focal point of study and emphasis in the research field. There is evidence that relates salivary secretion content and diabetes progression. In this review, we present all the reported evidence of the deregulation of specific salivary proteins associated with the progression of diabetes in parallel with changes in salivary gland morphology, cellular architecture, and salivary secretion and composition more generally.
Reverberation in Tidal Disruption Events: Dust Echoes, Coronal Emission Lines, Multi-wavelength Cross-correlations, and QPOs
Authors: van Velzen Sjoert , Pasham Dheeraj R. , Komossa Stefanie , Yan Lin , Kara Erin A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) are typically discovered by transient emission due to accretion or shocks of the stellar debris. Yet this luminous flare can be reprocessed by gas or dust that inhabits a galactic nucleus, resulting in multiple reverberation signals. Nuclear dust heated by the TDE will lead to an echo at infrared wavelengths (1-10 μm) and transient coronal lines in optical spectra of TDEs trace reverberation by gas that orbits the black hole. Both of these signal have been detected, here we review this rapidly developing field. We also review the results that have been extracted from TDEs with high-quality X-ray light curves: quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs), reverberation lags of fluorescence lines, and cross-correlations with emission at other wavelengths. The observational techniques that are covered in this review probe the emission from TDEs over a wide range of scales: from $\sim 1$
∼
1
light year to the innermost parts of the newly formed accretion disk. They provide insights into important properties of TDEs such as their bolometric output and the geometry of the accretion flow. While reverberation signals are not detected for every TDE, we anticipate they will become more commonplace when the next generation of X-ray and infrared instruments become operational.
Space curves, X-ranks and cuspidal projections
Authors: Ballico Edoardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLet $$X\subset \mathbb {P}^3$$

X
⊂

P

3

be an integral and non-degenerate curve. We say that $$q\in \mathbb {P}^3\setminus X$$

q
∈

P

3

\
X

has X-rank 3 if there is no line $$L\subset \mathbb {P}^3$$

L
⊂

P

3

such that $$q\in L$$

q
∈
L

and $$\#(L\cap X)\ge 2$$

#
(
L
∩
X
)
≥
2

. We prove that for all hyperelliptic curves of genus $$g\ge 5$$

g
≥
5

there is a degree $$g+3$$

g
+
3

embedding $$X\subset \mathbb {P}^3$$

X
⊂

P

3

with exactly $$2g+2$$

2
g
+
2

points with X-rank 3 and another embedding without points with X-rank 3 but with exactly $$2g+2$$

2
g
+
2

points $$q\in \mathbb {P}^3$$

q
∈

P

3

such that there is a unique pair of points of X spanning a line containing q. We also prove the non-existence of points of X-rank 3 for general curves of bidegree (a, b) in a smooth quadric (except in known exceptional cases) and we give lower bounds for the number of pairs of points of X spanning a line containing a fixed $$q\in \mathbb {P}^3\setminus X$$

q
∈

P

3

\
X

. For all integers $$g\ge 5$$

g
≥
5

, $$x\ge 0$$

x
≥
0

we prove the existence of a nodal hyperelliptic curve X with geometric genus g, exactly x nodes, $$\deg (X) = x+g+3$$

deg
(
X
)
=
x
+
g
+
3

and having at least $$x+2g+2$$

x
+
2
g
+
2

points of X-rank 3.
Integration of Highly Skilled Migrants in the Workplace: a Multi-level Framework
Authors: van Riemsdijk Micheline , Basford Scott 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article combines literatures on immigrant integration and migration intermediaries to add askilledperspective to theories of immigrant integration. Using a case study of foreign-born engineers in the Norwegian oil and gas industry, we develop a multi-level conceptual framework of actors that are involved in the integration of foreign-born engineers. We identified integration actors through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with human resource managers, foreign-born workers, and other integration actors. The framework is intended as a tool to move beyond single-level, unidirectional studies of immigrant integration and to provide a more in-depth understanding of the integration of highly skilled migrants in the workplace. We find that state actors fail to assist with the long-term integration for highly skilled migrants. Instead, private and voluntary actors provide information about work regulations and working life. In addition, employers and coworkers play an important role in the integration of highly skilled migrants in the workplace. We also find that highly skilled migrants can be agents of integration as they “scale up” initiatives to higher levels of decision-making.
Bekämpfung der Spielwettbewerbsmanipulation
Authors: Memmert Daniel , Brinkschulte Michel , Breuer Christoph 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungSpielmanipulation stellt heutzutage eine der größten Bedrohungen für die Integrität des Sports dar, da sie zu einem Vertrauensverlust in die Fairness des Wettbewerbs führt. Als Reaktion auf Vorfälle in der Vergangenheit kommen im deutschen Sport deshalb zunehmend Bemühungen auf, Präventionsmaßnahmen zu entwickeln und durchzuführen. Der wissenschaftliche Stand zu den Präventionsmethoden von Spielmanipulation in Deutschland ist allerdings noch rudimentär. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist daher, eine Bestandsaufnahme der im deutschen Fußballsport vorhandenen Präventionsmaßnahmen und durchführenden Institutionen zu machen. Zudem sollten ebendiese Maßnahmen und Institutionen mit Hilfe eines Online-Fragebogens von den daran teilnehmenden Personen (Spieler, Trainer*innen/Funktionär*innen sowie Schiedsrichter*innen der Bundesliga, 2. Bundesliga und A‑Jugend-Bundesliga) bewertet werden. Die Ergebnisse der Bestandsaufnahme zeigen, dass sich der deutsche Fußballsport bereits sehr fortschrittlich mit der Prävention von Spielmanipulation auseinandersetzt und eine Vielzahl von präventiven Angeboten vorhanden ist. Die Ergebnisse der Befragung zeigen, dass die durchgeführten Maßnahmen zwar in fast allen Aspekten als gut bis sehr gut bewertet wurden, die allgemeine Kenntnis über die vorhandenen Maßnahmen muss allerdings als gering eingestuft werden (23,0% der Teilnehmer kannten keine der vorhandenen Maßnahmen und durchführenden Institutionen). Dies deutet auf ein fehlendes Bewusstsein und Reibungsverluste in der Informationsvermittlung bezüglich des Themas Spielmanipulation hin.
Diaphanous related formin 3 knockdown suppresses cell proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Zhang Zehua , Dai Fei , Luo Fei , Wu Wenjie , Zhang Shuai , Zhou Rui , Xu Jianzhong , Zhou Qiang , Song Lei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOsteosarcoma is a malignant osteoblastic tumor that can gravely endanger the lives and health of children and adolescents. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new biomarkers for osteosarcoma and determine new targeted therapies to improve the efficacy of osteosarcoma treatment. Diaphanous related formin 3 (DIAPH3) promotes tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting that DIAPH3 may be a target for tumor therapy. To date, there have been no reports on the function of DIAPH3 in osteosarcoma. DIAPH3 protein expression in osteosarcoma tissues and healthy bone tissues adjacent to cancer cells was examined by immunohistochemical staining. DIAPH3 mRNA expression correlates with overall survival and reduced disease-free survival. DIAPH3 protein is upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues, and its expression is significantly associated with tumor size, tumor stage, node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Functional in vitro experiments revealed that DIAPH3 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and suppressed cell migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and HOS. Functional experiments demonstrated that DIAPH3 knockdown inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. In conclusion, DIAPH3 expression can predict the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma. In addition, DIAPH3 is involved in the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma, and as such, DIAPH3 may be a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
Wearable cardioverter-defibrillators after myocardial infarction: a review of its clinical utility and unmet needs in current clinical practice
Authors: Hioki Hirofumi , Kozuma Ken , Kobayashi Yoshio , Ando Kenji , Morino Yoshihiro , Kishihara Jun , Ako Junya , Ikari Yuji 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSudden cardiac death is one of the leading causes of death in the older population. Compared with the general population, patients who experienced a myocardial infarction are four to six times more likely to experience sudden cardiac death. Though primary percutaneous coronary intervention considerably reduces mortality in patients who experienced a myocardial infarction, a non-negligible number of sudden cardiac deaths still occurs. Despite the high incidence rate of sudden cardiac deaths during the first month after myocardial infarction, prophylactic use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators has so far failed to convey a survival benefit. Therefore, current clinical guidelines recommend that cardioverter-defibrillator implantation is contraindicated until 90 days after myocardial infarction. Wearable cardioverter-defibrillators were first approved for clinical use in 2002 and are currently considered as a bridge to therapy in patients with myocardial infarction with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in whom cardioverter-defibrillator implantation is temporarily not indicated. However, there is insufficient recognition among interventional cardiologists of the use of wearable cardioverter-defibrillators for preventing sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction. Hence, we reviewed the evidence of the efficacy of wearable cardioverter-defibrillators used in patients following myocardial infarction to achieve better management of sudden cardiac death.
Modelling cryptographic distinguishers using machine learning
Authors: Brunetta Carlo , Picazo-Sanchez Pablo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCryptanalysis is the development and study of attacks against cryptographic primitives and protocols. Many cryptographic properties rely on the difficulty of generating an adversary who, given an object sampled from one of two classes, correctly distinguishes the class used to generate that object. In the case of cipher suite distinguishing problem, the classes are two different cryptographic primitives. In this paper, we propose a methodology based on machine learning to automatically generate classifiers that can be used by an adversary to solve any distinguishing problem. We discuss the assumptions, a basic approach for improving the advantage of the adversary as well as a phenomenon that we call the “blind spot paradox”. We apply our methodology to generate distinguishers for the NIST (DRBG) cipher suite problem. Finally, we provide empirical evidence that the distinguishers might statistically have some advantage to distinguish between the DRBG used.
On exceptional zeros of Garrett–Hida p-adic L-functions
Authors: Bertolini Massimo , Seveso Marco Adamo , Venerucci Rodolfo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article proves a case of the p-adic Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for Garrett p-adic L-functions of [6], in the exceptional zero setting of extended analytic rank 2.
Technology-Based Assessments and Treatments of Anxiety in Autistic Individuals: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Adams Lucy , Valmaggia Lucia , Simonoff Emily 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis systematic review (Prospero Registration Number: CRD42019142910) aimed to narratively synthesise technology-aided assessments and treatments of anxiety in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for the first time. Sixteen studies were identified: 5 assessment studies and 11 treatment studies. Assessment studies targeted state anxiety using ecological momentary assessment, wearables, or computerised tasks. Treatment studies targeted specific fears/phobias using electronic screen media or transdiagnostic anxiety using telemedicine. Broadly, results indicated technology-aided assessments and treatments may be feasible and effective at targeting anxiety in ASD, except treatments involving social scripts or peer modelling. Assessment results further indicated that state anxiety in ASD has a distinct psychophysiological signature and is evoked by idiosyncratic triggers. However, larger scale studies with representative samples are needed.
Approaches for multicriteria decision-making based on the hesitant fuzzy best–worst method
Authors: Li Jian , Niu Li-li , Chen Qiongxia , Wang Zhong-xing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHesitant fuzzy preference relations (HFPRs) have been widely applied in multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) for their ability to efficiently express hesitant information. To address the situation where HFPRs are necessary, this paper develops several decision-making models integrating HFPRs with the best worst method (BWM). First, consistency measures from the perspectives of additive/multiplicative consistent hesitant fuzzy best worst preference relations (HFBWPRs) are introduced. Second, several decision-making models are developed in view of the proposed additive/multiplicatively consistent HFBWPRs. The main characteristic of the constructed models is that they consider all the values included in the HFBWPRs and consider the same and different compromise limit constraints. Third, an absolute programming model is developed to obtain the decision-makers’ objective weights utilizing the information of optimal priority weight vectors and provides the calculation of decision-makers’ comprehensive weights. Finally, a framework of the MCDM procedure based on hesitant fuzzy BWM is introduced, and an illustrative example in conjunction with comparative analysis is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed models.