bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and concurrent cardiovascular conditions: safety of tiotropium/olodaterol combination
Authors: Romanovskikh A. G. , Sinopal’nikov A. I. , Belotserkovskaya Yu. G. , Smirnov I. P. 
Published: August 2021

One of the important features of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the presence of concomitant chronic diseases in most of patients. And cardiovascular conditions occupy a special place among these comorbidities. The most common diseases associated with COPD are hypertension, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. They aggravate the clinical manifestations of the disease and have negative effect on the prognosis. In addition, concomitant cardiovascular conditions determine the need for a thorough safety assessment of the ongoing pharmacotherapy for COPD. Core of the treatment is bronchodilators. The priority pharmacological strategy is the use of fixed-dose combinations of long-acting β2 -agonists and long-acting anticholinergic medications.The purpose of this review was to evaluate the safety profile of tiotropium/olodaterol in COPD.Methods. This article presents the data obtained from studies of the safety of the use of tiotropium/olodaterol in patients with COPD and concomitant cardiovascular conditions.Results. The studies showed no increase in the risk of cardiovascular events when using this combination in patients of this category.Conclusion. А good safety profile of tiotropium/olodaterol was confirmed in patients with COPD and concomitant cardiovascular conditions.
Bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from the position of interchangeability
Authors: Orlova E. A. , Dorfman I. P. , Orlov M. A. , Andreeva A. K. , Abdullaev M. A. 
Published: August 2021

The choice of drugs used to treat patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (inhaled β-agonists, M-anticholinergic drugs, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)) in view of their interchangeability is reviewed in this article. This aspect is especially important for clinicians when choosing an effective and safe treatment for COPD and for increasing patient adherence to treatment.The aim of this study was to assess the ratio of the number of reference (original), interchangeable, and generic drugs used in COPD.Methods. In accordance with the Russian clinical guidelines 2018 and GOLD 2019, modern drugs for the treatment of COPD with bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activity were selected. All trade names of the corresponding drugs for each international non-proprietary name (INN) In the State Register of Medicines website were considered. The information on the availability of reference (original) drugs and the corresponding interchangeable products, as well as their presence in the List of vital and essential drugs was analyzed.Results. A large number of generic prodcuts are registered in the State Register of Medicines, and only a few of them are interchangeable with the corresponding reference (original) drug.Conclusion. The analysis will help widen the doctors’ choice of interchangeable drugs in treatment of COPD with an equivalent effect and safety of reference drugs, as well as to increase the patients’ adherence to treatment.
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Subclinical Infection in Patients with Acute Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Authors: Abbasi Farshad , Kaydani Gholam Abbas , Tahannezhad Zari , Nakhaie Mohsen , Asnafi Ali Amin , Moradi Maryam 
Published: August 2021

Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) defined as a bleeding disorder in which the number and production of platelets reduced by the immune system; however, the destruction of peripheral blood platelets also occurs. Although its exact etiology and pathogenesis not already know, several studies have shown that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) known as possible causative agents of ITP. This investigation aims to evaluate the presence of CMV and EBV in two groups of case and control by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Materials and Methods: We considered the presence of CMV and EBV in 48 acute ITP patients and 48 healthy people. Study participants were recruited from Ahvaz Shafa Hospital between 2017 and 2018 and the presence of two viruses was investigated by (PCR).
Results: Out of 48 acute ITP patients, the CMV DNA was detected from the blood of 12 (25%) patients and the EBV DNA from the blood of 2 (4.2%) other patients. In addition, only one patient was (2.1%) co-infected with CMV and EBV. In contrast, in 48 healthy subjects, 3 (6.6%) had CMV and none of the control group was infected with EBV.
Conclusion: Due to the presence of both EBV and CMV in the acute ITP patients in Ahvaz, they can be considered as factors in the progression of this disease. Therefore, consideration of the methods of elimination and treatment of these two viruses in these patients may be used as a treatment strategy in ITP patients in the future.
Study of Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and CD34 Levels as a Predictive Marker for Initiating Apheresis in Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: PK Kiran , P Vinu Sarathy , BJ Srinivas , Badarkhe Girish V , KS Rajesh Kumar , S Thianeshwaran , Bayas Nitin , Mufti Suhail Syeed , V Hrishi , Naik Radheshyam 
Published: August 2021

Background: Autologous HCT in multiple myeloma is done as upfront treatment in newly diagnosed transplant eligible patients after induction chemotherapy. In addition, it is standard for relapsed, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and is curative in ~40% to 45% of patients. Over a decade, many efforts were made to find helpful parameters to predict an optimal time for initiating an efficient peripheral blood stem cell collection so that adequate stem cells are collected. It has been well accepted that CD34+ cell count in peripheral blood before leukapheresis is the best parameter to predict CD34 cell yield. However, white blood cell count, mononuclear cell count, and other easily obtained parameters are still used to guide the clinical practice of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and collection.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, we analyzed the correlation between peripheral blood MNC and Apheresis CD34 levels and also between peripheral blood CD34 by flow cytometry and apheresis CD34 levels.
Results: We found that there was a statistically insignificant weak correlation between peripheral MNC and apheresis CD34. There was a statistically significant strong correlation between peripheral CD34 and apheresis CD34.
Conclusion: The results show that peripheral blood MNC was analogous indicating that no reliable prediction can be done for CD34 cells collected in apheresis while peripheral CD34 by flow cytometry is the strongest predictor for initiating stem cell collection.
Proficiency of Carboxymethyl cellulose as a Cryoprotectant. Clinical and Histological Evaluation of Cryopreserved Heterogenous Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Exosomal Hydrogel on Critical Size Skin Wounds in Dogs
Authors: Bahr Mohamed M. , Amer Mohamed S. , Sooud2 Khaled Abo-EL- , Abdallah Ahmed N. , Shehab Gehan G. , Tookhy Omar S. El- 
Published: August 2021

Background: Fresh stem cell exosomes are usually obtained and reused in the same individual. It cannot be kept viable for a long period of time regardless of the lengthy preparation time. Freezing is typically used to preserve the viability of perishable materials and increase their lifetime. Regrettably, normal freezing of biomaterials leads to cell damage. Therefore, a cryoprotectant can save the cells from the conventional cryodamage. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NA-CMC) is a powdery substance that is used to manufacture bio-safe hydrofilm gels because of its high viscosity, cytocompatibility, and nonallergenic nature.
Materials and Methods: Sterile CMC hydrogel was prepared, part of which was loaded with exosomal solution derived from MSCs. The gel was kept at −20°C for preservation. Two bilateral full-thickness circular skin wounds of 2-cm diameter were created on the back of experimental dogs. The wounds were at least 2.5 cm apart. Treatment started 24 hours after wound creation. Group I received CMC gel solely, whereas group II received frozen CMC exosomal gel. The gel was applied 4 times, a single application per day with 1- day interval.
Results: Clinically, the frozen exosomal gel significantly promoted wound healing with no scaring. Histologically, enhanced dermal fibroblasts and organized collagen deposition were seen in the treated group.
Conclusion: CMC proved to be an efficient cryoprotectant and a suitable vehicle for exosomes. Deep freezing was proven to conserve the viability, extended the preservation, and facilitated the usage of exosomal gel. This technique of preserved cell-free therapy is inexpensive, time-saving, and proficient and seems suitable for treating cutaneous wounds.
Review of the Statistical Methods Used in Original Articles Published in Iranian Journal of Public Health from 2015-2019: A Review Article
Authors: Bahariniya Sajjad , Madadizadeh Farzan 
Published: August 2021

Background: Nowadays, statistical methods are used frequently in research articles. This review study aimed to determine the statistical methods used in original articles published in Iranian journal of public health (IJPH).
Methods: Original articles in the period 2015 to 2019 from volumes 44 to 48 and numbers 1 to 12 were reviewed by a 3-member committee consisting of a statistician and two health researchers. The statistical methods, sample size, study design and population, type of used software were investigated. Multiple response analysis (MRA), Kruskal–Wallis test and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to data analysis. All analyzes were performed in SPSS21 software. Significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: Statistical population in most of the articles were related to human samples at the field level (36% and 297 articles). 66.6% (549 articles) had the sample size less than 500 cases. Study design in most of them were analytical observational 56.2% (464 cases). Acceptance period was 115.5 ± 52.27 days. All the mentioned variables had no significant relationship with the acceptance period (P>0.05). Both among the total tests and the articles, the highest rate of use of statistical methods was related to descriptive statistical method (34.4%, 75.8% and 532 articles), also, the highest use of tests was related to chi square test and t-test( (29%(450 articles)).
Conclusion: Study design in most of the articles were analytical, to increase thematic diversity, accepting different articles seems necessary. The statistical tests, which used in most articles, were simple, so accepting articles with advanced statistical methods is recommended.
Estado neoliberal y acumulación por desposesión a favor del capital glocal financiero
Authors: Rojas Marco Antonio Merchand 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo general de este trabajo es analizar por qué la acumulación por desposesión es una de lasmodalidades que se implementan indiscriminadamente en todos los órdenes de la economía mundial y representa la mejor forma para estabilizar el sistema capitalista a favor del capital financiero y en contra de la fuerza de trabajo. Las condiciones en que el capital se impone en cada espacio económico difieren en sus métodos y maneras de reproducirse, no obstante su carácter intrínseco de enajenar o externalizar lo internalizado en beneficio de pocos (sobre todo, de los dueños del capital) se aplica por igual en todos los países, independientemente de si estamos hablado de un país de grado alto o bajo de desarrollo. Ejemplos abundan, solo mencionaremos algunos casos: la crisis financiera de 2008, que ha significado el mayor ultraje a la població de los Estados Unidos, y, por supuesto, el caso deMéxico, donde desde hacemás treinta años se aplican políticas de ajuste y estabilización con un efecto negativo irreversible en el bienestar socioeconómico de la población.
EL TEXTO ESCOLAR SUSTENTADO EN LA RESILIENCIA PARA POBLACIONES VULNERABLES. FUSAGASUGÁ, 2008-2011
Authors: Soto Liliana Paternina 
Published: August 2021

Este documento presenta el resultado de la investigación que centró en analizar el rol del texto escolar sustentado en la resiliencia como herramienta didáctica del aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera en adolecentes de poblaciones vulnerables de Fusagasuga Colombia. Este texto escolar nace de la preocupación de la docente para entender “las voces de sus estudiantes” e interpretar y describir el sentido de vida. El problema se enmarcó en ¿Qué incidencias tiene un texto escolar, dentro de los factores de la resiliencia Grotberg (2008) y Paternina (2011), para el seguimiento en los cambios de conducta socio-cultural de estudiantes provenientes de poblaciones vulnerables de la ciudad de Fusagasugá en el período de 2008 a 2011?. El método Grounded Theory o teoría fundamentada en datos desarrollado por Charmaz (2010) y Glaser (1978) para el análisis de este estudio se sustentó en la investigación cualitativa, descriptiva e interpretativa de acuerdo al marco teórico de los enfoques: constructivista social Guba and Lincoln (1986, 1989, 1990), Smith (1991) y humanista de Roger (1962) y Maslow (1958) . La metodología se guió desde la historia de vida, historia oral y la educación comparada. Las estrategias se sustentaron en las fuentes a través de las entrevistas, el texto escolar que se elaboró, archivo del colegio. Se concluye que el texto escolar con un perfil resiliente motiva al estudiante para realizar el autoconocimiento pero este debe estar mediado continuamente por el profesor. Asimismo, se establece la relevancia de continuar la investigación con los estudiantes que han logrado ingresar a la universidad para estudiar su capacidad de integración al sistema universitario y la deserción en el mismo.Palabras claves: Revista Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana, resiliencia, texto escolar, población vulnerable.
Predictors of Intrapartum Stillbirths among Women Delivering at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Kiondo Paul , Nakimuli Annettee , Ononge Samuel , Wandabwa Julius Namasake , Musaba Milton Wamboko 
Published: August 2021

Background: Over the last decade, Uganda has registered a significant improvement in the utilization of maternity care services. Unfortunately, this has not resulted in a significant and commensurate improvement in the maternal and child health (MCH) indicators. More than half of all the stillbirths (54 per 1,000 deliveries) occur in the peripartum period. Understanding the predictors of preventable stillbirths (SB) will inform the formulation of strategies to reduce this preventable loss of newborns in the intrapartum period. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of intrapartum stillbirth among women delivering at Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital in Central Uganda.
Methods: This was an unmatched case-control study conducted at Mulago Hospital from October 29, 2018 to October 30, 2019. A total of 474 women were included in the analysis: 158 as cases with an intrapartum stillbirth and 316 as controls without an intrapartum stillbirth. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was done to determine the predictors of intrapartum stillbirth.
Results: The predictors of intrapartum stillbirth were history of being referred from lower health units to Mulago hospital (aOR 2.5, 95% CI:1.5-4.5); maternal age 35 years or more (aOR 2.9, 95% CI:1.01-8.4); antepartum hemorrhage (aOR 8.5, 95% CI:2.4-30.7); malpresentation (aOR 6.29; 95% CI:2.39-16.1); prolonged/obstructed labor (aOR 6.2; 95% CI:2.39-16.1); and cesarean delivery (aOR 7.6; 95% CI:3.2-13.7).
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Referral to hospital, maternal age 35 years and above, obstetric complication during labor, and cesarean delivery were predictors of intrapartum stillbirth in women delivering at Mulago hospital. Timely referral and improving access to quality intrapartum obstetric care have the potential to reduce the incidence of intrapartum SB in our community.

Copyright © 2021 Kiondo et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Trends and Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis among Reproductive Aged Women in the United States
Authors: Ikedionwu Chioma , Dongarwar Deepa , Williams Courtney , Odeh Evelyn , Nkeng Peh Maylis , Hooker Hilliary , Wiseman Stacey , Brock Tramauni , Payne-Green Erinn , Chukwudum Chidinma , Loudd Grace , Shelton Andrea , Atkinson Jonnae , Spooner Kiara , Salemi Jason , Salihu Hamisu , Olaleye Omonike 
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is endemic in several regions globally, but commonly regarded as a disease of travelers in the United States (US). The literature on leishmaniasis among hospitalized women in the US is very limited. The aim of this study was to explore trends and risk factors for leishmaniasis among hospitalized women of reproductive age within the US.
Methods: We analyzed hospital admissions data from the 2002-2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample among women aged 15-49 years. We conducted descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses for factors associated with leishmaniasis. Utilizing logistic regression, we assessed the association between sociodemographic and hospital characteristics with leishmaniasis disease among hospitalized women of reproductive age in the US. Joinpoint regression was used to examine trends over time.
Results: We analyzed 131,529,239 hospitalizations; among these, 207 cases of leishmaniasis hospitalizations were identified, equivalent to an overall prevalence of 1.57 cases per million during the study period. The prevalence of leishmaniasis was greatest among older women of reproductive age (35-49 years), Hispanics, those with Medicare, and inpatient stay in large teaching hospitals in the Northeast of the US. Hispanic women experienced a statistically significant increased odds of leishmaniasis diagnosis (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.19-4.06), compared to Non-Hispanic (NH) White women. Medicaid and Private Insurance appeared to serve as a protective factor in both unadjusted and adjusted models. We did not observe a statistically significant change in leishmaniasis rates over the study period.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Although the prevalence of leishmaniasis among women of reproductive age appears to be low in the US, some risk remains. Thus, appropriate educational, public health and policy initiatives are needed to increase clinical awareness and timely diagnosis/treatment of the disease.

Copyright © 2021 Ikedionwu, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Development of an Optimal Model For Rate of Penetration Rop Using Deep Neural Networks DNN.
Authors: _ _ 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor the past century, optimization of drilling has caught the eyes of many researchers. The main areas center on ROP, fluid treatment, and bit selection. They all share the same goal of maximizing ROP and reducing NPT. In other to develop an optimal control system, ROP must be predicted accurately, unfortunately, it is a complex parameter that is affected by multiple drilling parameters, rock properties, fluid properties, and bit selection. Models used for prediction have developed from empirical models like Bourgoyne and Young's to more intelligent models such as SVM and ANN. With the continuous increase in data obtained from sensors while drilling, there is still much work to be done in this field. In this research, the improvement of an empirical model and the development of an intelligent model are presented. The Bourgoyne and Young's model uses multiple linear regression to estimate coefficients which it then inserts into an empirical formula to predict ROP. This model was modified using non-linear curve-fitting to estimate the coefficients and make it reduce bias to generalize better. Machine learning models such as Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, ANN, and DNN were used in the development of a predictive model for the ROP. These models were easier to develop compared to the empirical model since they rely more on data rather than statistical formulas. The data used in this research include drilling data from 3 wells drilled in 2 fields within the Niger Delta region in Nigeria. The models were developed and trained on one of the wells, while the remaining two were used for testing the performance of the models. The modified empirical model improved the efficiency of the base model by 14% during validation but performs poorly on unseen data from the other two wells. The Machine learning models outperform the empirical models and perform accurately on unseen data from the other wells. DNN was the best performing model achieving an average accuracy of 0.987 for the 3 wells.
Identification Candidate Diagnostic Biomarkers Between Minimal Change Disease and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Li Yayu , Du Yuanyuan , Jiang Xue 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are common causes of nephrotic syndrome which have similar clinical as well as histologic magnification and hard to differentiate. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to distinguish FSGS and MCD through bioinformatics analysis and elucidate the possible molecular mechanism. Material and Methods: Based on the microarray datasets GSE104948 and GSE108113 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between FSGS vs healthy control, MCD vs healthy control were identified, and further defined by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Hub genes were checked by protein-protein interaction networks. Results: A total of and 358 and 368 genes were identified in FSGS and MCD compared with healthy controls, among them, there were156 overlapping DEGs. GO analysis showed the DEGs in these two diseases were simultaneously enriched in mRNA splicing, RNA polymerase II transcription, mRNA export, insulin stimulus, integrin-mediated signaling pathway, viral process and phagocytosis. Module analysis showed that genes in the top 1 significant module of the PPI network were mainly associated with Spliceosome among FSGS and MCD. The top 10 hub genes analysis discovered that most of hub genes were same between two disease, while among these genes, CD2 cytoplasmic tail binding protein 2 (CD2BP2), U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein (LSM8) and Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides B (SNRPB) only differential expression in FSGS and Splicing factor 3A, subunit 3 (SF3A3) only differential expression in MCD, which may be used for differential diagnosis of these two diseases in the future. Conclusions: We identified key genes and mainly pathway associated with FSGS and MCD. Our results provide a set of potential genes used for differential diagnosis of these two diseases.