bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiome and Its Associations With Acute and Chronic Gastrointestinal Toxicities in Cancer Patients With Pelvic Radiation Therapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bai Jinbing , Barandouzi Zahra A. , Rowcliffe Claire , Meador Rebecca , Tsementzi Despina , Bruner Deborah Watkins 
Published: December 2021

AimPelvic radiation therapy (RT) can impact the gut microbiome in patients with cancer and result in gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe the effects of RT on the gut microbiome and the associations between the gut microbiome and GI toxicities in patients treated with pelvic RT.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from their earliest records to August 2020. The articles screening process adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Mixed Method Assessment Tool was used to assess the methodological quality for each included study. All study findings were synthesized and presented in narrative format. Thirteen studies were included. The gut microbiome of fecal samples was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing approaches.ResultsThere were disparities in alpha and beta diversities that existed across the studies. Divergent results were found among various phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Deinococcus-Thermus. Moreover, alteration in the gut microbiome diversity and abundance related to cancer treatment was associated with pelvic toxicities, specifically diarrhea. Following treatment, increases in the abundance of Bacteroides was associated with diarrhea and radiation enteritis.ConclusionsPelvic RT can disrupt the diversity and abundance of commensal gut microorganisms. A dysbiotic gut microbiome showed a promising association with radiation enteritis through alterations of the intestinal barrier function, innate immunity, and intestinal repair mechanisms; however, confounders, such as diet, were not thoroughly addressed.
A Three lncRNA Set: AC009975.1, POTEH-AS1 and AL390243.1 as Nodal Efficacy Biomarker of Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Bi Zhao , Qiu Peng-Fei , Zhang Yue , Song Xing-Guo , Chen Peng , Xie Li , Wang Yong-Sheng , Song Xian-Rang 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe study aimed to explore whether the expression of lncRNAs in primary tumors could predict nodal efficacy after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for HER2+ breast cancer.MethodsTotal RNA was extracted from HER2+ breast cancer tissues before NAT (n=103) and from 48 pairs of cancers and para-cancers tissues that did not receive NAT. Different lncRNAs were selected by microarray, validated by qPCR, and analyzed to illuminate their potential as nodal efficacy biomarkers after NAT.ResultsOur results demonstrated that three lncRNA sets, lncRNA-AL390243.1, POTEH-AS1, and lncRNA-AC009975.1, were up-regulated in non-apCR tissues. The AUC value was 0.789 (95%CI: 0.703-0.876). The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the expression of lncRNA-AL390243.1 (OR 5.143; 95% CI: 1.570-16.847), tumor type (OR 0.144; 95% CI: 0.024-0.855), and nodal stage (OR 0.507; 95% CI: 0.289-0.888) as independent predictors for apCR after NAT in HER2+ patients (all p&lt;0.05). Then the three predictors were used to create a predictive nomogram. The AUC value was 0.859 (95%CI: 0.790-0.929). The calibration curve showed a satisfactory fit between predictive and actual observation based on internal validation with a bootstrap resampling frequency of 1000. Patients with higher expression of lncRNA-AL390243.1 had worse survival. LncRNA-AL390243.1 was up-regulated more in the nodal positive subgroup than in the nodal negative subgroup (p=0.0271).ConclusionThe lncRNA-AL390243.1, POTEH-AS1, and lncRNA-AC009975.1 were upregulated in non-apCR breast cancer tissues. These three lncRNAs might have the potential to be used as predictive biomarkers of nodal efficacy of HER2+ breast cancer. Further studies are required to illuminate the underlying molecular mechanisms further.
Clinical Features and Prognostic Risk Prediction of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome
Authors: Yao Shuyan , Jin Zhili , He Lingbo , Zhang Ruoxi , Liu Menghan , Hua Zhengjie , Wang Zhao , Wang Yini 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundMalignancies, especially lymphoma, are a common cause of adult secondary HLH and an independent risk factor for the prognosis of HLH patients.MethodsPatients with lymphoma alone or concurrent lymphoma-associated phagocytic syndrome (LAHS) admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were enrolled in this study.FindingsThere were 348 lymphoma patients, 104 concurrent with LAHS. The pathological type of lymphoma without LAHS was dominated by B-cell lymphoma, while those with LAHS were T/NK-cell lymphoma predominantly (p &lt; 0.001). Superficial lymph node enlargement was more significant in patients with B-LAHS (p = 0.006), while patients with T/NK-LAHS had lower neutrophil counts (p = 0.005), lower fibrinogen levels (p &lt; 0.001), higher transaminase levels, and more co-infection with EBV (p &lt; 0.001). B-LAHS had significantly higher IL-10 levels than with T/NK-LAHS (p = 0.006), and NK/T-LAHS had significantly higher IP-10 levels than other T-LAHS (p = 0.008). Age, platelet count, IPI, history of NK/T lymphoma, and no remission of HLH were independent risk factors for prognosis in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma-associated phagocytic syndrome (NHL-LAHS), and a prognostic risk score model for NHL-LAHS was developed.ConclusionLAHS is a life-threatening disease with a poor prognosis. The prognostic risk score model for NHL-LAHS with a good fit and validation for the test has value for clinical application.
Case Series of Steroid-Resistant Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Myocarditis: A Comparative Analysis of Corticosteroid and Tofacitinib Treatment
Authors: Wang Cong , Lin Jinyi , Wang Yan , Hsi David H. , Chen Jiahui , Liu Tianshu , Zhou Yuhong , Ren Zhenggang , Zeng Zhaochong , Cheng Leilei , Ge Junbo 
Published: December 2021

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–associated myocarditis is an uncommon and potentially fatal immune-related adverse event (irAE). Although corticosteroids are recommended as the first-line treatment by current guidelines, patients still have variable responses to it, and the guidelines vary significantly in terms of treatment strategies.Objectives: In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of ICI-associated myocarditis in our hospital to propose a new comparative analysis to aid individualized treatment.Methods: We reviewed detailed records of 24 patients with confirmed ICI-associated myocarditis in our hospital from July 1, 2019, to April 1, 2021. Although all the cases in our study received recommended initial corticosteroid treatment according to the guidelines, different responses to corticosteroid were observed during the process of subsequent corticosteroid tapering. Basing on troponin cardiac troponin T rebound during corticosteroid tapering, we propose a new classification analysis of ICI-associated myocarditis that included two subgroups: corticosteroid-sensitive (n = 8) and corticosteroid-resistant group (n = 16).Results: Compared with corticosteroid-sensitive patients, larger doses of corticosteroid, longer period of treatment, and higher mortality rate were found in corticosteroid-resistant patients. Corticosteroid-resistant patients were characterized by more prominent ptosis, muscle weakness, elevated cardiac biomarkers, creatine kinase, and hepatic enzymes levels than that in the corticosteroid-sensitive patients. Tofacitinib (5 mg twice a day) was used in 11 corticosteroid-resistant patients, with seven patients recovered from ICI-associated myocarditis, showing a promising therapeutic effect.Conclusion: Our group analysis of corticosteroid responsiveness in patients with ICI-associated myocarditis may help clinicians to apply individualized treatment in this high-risk cohort. In addition, tofacitinib could provide clinical benefits when used early in the corticosteroid-resistant patients and may provide a new option for the treatment of ICI-associated myocarditis.
Occurrence of Side Effects in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Role of Clinical, Socio-Demographic and Environmental Characteristics
Authors: Levy Anna , El-Hage Wissam , Bennabi Djamila , Allauze Etienne , Bouvard Alexandra , Camus Vincent , Courtet Philippe , Dorey Jean-Michel , Etain Bruno , Fond Guillaume , Genty Jean-Baptiste , Holtzmann Jérôme , Horn Mathilde , Leboyer Marion , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Meyrel Manon , Molière Fanny , Nguon Anne-Sophie , Petrucci Jean , Rey Romain , Richieri Raphaelle , Stephan Florian , Vaiva Guillaume , Walter Michel , Haffen Emmanuel , Aouizerate Bruno , Yrondi Antoine 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a disabling psychiatric condition characterized by the failure of two antidepressants (ADs). Since the occurrence of side effects (SEs) appears to be one of the main determinants of early discontinuation of pharmacological treatments contributing to a pseudo-resistance, the purpose of this study was to determine the parameters associated with the occurrence of SEs under ADs in a cohort of patients with TRD.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study was carried out using data from the French network of Expert Centers for TRD. For the 108 patients enrolled in the study, the statistical analyses focused on the overall occurrence and on the profile of the SEs (9 categories, 32 items).Results: SEs were influenced by age and sex and were positively associated with the intensity of anxious, depressive and suicidal symptoms, a history of childhood trauma (sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect), and negatively associated with self-esteem, and assessment of overall functioning.Conclusion: Using variables accessible in common practice, these results fall within the dynamic of a more tailored approach to medicine that could allow, through integrated pharmacological management, the continuation of antidepressant treatments, and therefore limit the risk of therapeutic failure.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Factors Influencing the Selection Student of Generic Medicine
Authors: Al-Arifi Mohamed N. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Generic replacements for branded medicines have become a typical practice among registered pharmacists all over the world. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the influence of the knowledge and attitudes of PharmD students and other factors on the selection of unbranded medicines.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted through Google Forms to collect data using self-reported questionnaires. The data was collected over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2021, among junior level pharmacy students who are currently undertaking a PharmD course at the King Saud University, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Results: The mean age of the students was 21.05± (SD = 1.03), majority of students 70.2% (n = 134) were able to define the term generic medicine, and about 65% (n = 123) were able to correctly define bioequivalence. More than half of the students, 56.5% (n = 108) lacked knowledge about the pharmacokinetic parameters of generic products. Meanwhile, the majority, 85% (n = 122), supported generics over branded medicines, and about 66% (n = 99) agreed that wider use of generic medicines would lead to less money required for the research and development of new pharmaceuticals.Conclusion: Findings revealed that most pharmacy students possess sufficient knowledge of generic medicines, although knowledge in some aspects remains lacking.
Explainable Convolutional Neural Network to Investigate Age-Related Changes in Multi-Order Functional Connectivity
Authors: Dong Sunghee , Jin Yan , Bak SuJin , Yoon Bumchul , Jeong Jichai 
Published: December 2021

Functional connectivity (FC) is a potential candidate that can increase the performance of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) in the elderly because of its compensatory role in neural circuits. However, it is difficult to decode FC by the current machine learning techniques because of a lack of physiological understanding. To investigate the suitability of FC in BCIs for the elderly, we propose the decoding of lower- and higher-order FC using a convolutional neural network (CNN) in six cognitive-motor tasks. The layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) method describes how age-related changes in FCs impact BCI applications for the elderly compared to younger adults. A total of 17 young adults 24.5±2.7 years and 12 older 72.5±3.2 years adults were recruited to perform tasks related to hand-force control with or without mental calculation. The CNN yielded a six-class classification accuracy of 75.3% in the elderly, exceeding the 70.7% accuracy for the younger adults. In the elderly, the proposed method increased the classification accuracy by 88.3% compared to the filter-bank common spatial pattern. The LRP results revealed that both lower- and higher-order FCs were dominantly overactivated in the prefrontal lobe, depending on the task type. These findings suggest a promising application of multi-order FC with deep learning on BCI systems for the elderly.
UMPred-FRL: A New Approach for Accurate Prediction of Umami Peptides Using Feature Representation Learning
Authors: Charoenkwan Phasit , Nantasenamat Chanin , Hasan Md Mehedi , Moni Mohammad Ali , Manavalan Balachandran , Shoombuatong Watshara 
Published: December 2021

Umami ingredients have been identified as important factors in food seasoning and production. Traditional experimental methods for characterizing peptides exhibiting umami sensory properties (umami peptides) are time-consuming, laborious, and costly. As a result, it is preferable to develop computational tools for the large-scale identification of available sequences in order to identify novel peptides with umami sensory properties. Although a computational tool has been developed for this purpose, its predictive performance is still insufficient. In this study, we use a feature representation learning approach to create a novel machine-learning meta-predictor called UMPred-FRL for improved umami peptide identification. We combined six well-known machine learning algorithms (extremely randomized trees, k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, partial least squares, random forest, and support vector machine) with seven different feature encodings (amino acid composition, amphiphilic pseudo-amino acid composition, dipeptide composition, composition-transition-distribution, and pseudo-amino acid composition) to develop the final meta-predictor. Extensive experimental results demonstrated that UMPred-FRL was effective and achieved more accurate performance on the benchmark dataset compared to its baseline models, and consistently outperformed the existing method on the independent test dataset. Finally, to aid in the high-throughput identification of umami peptides, the UMPred-FRL web server was established and made freely available online. It is expected that UMPred-FRL will be a powerful tool for the cost-effective large-scale screening of candidate peptides with potential umami sensory properties.
The First Bacterial Endocarditis Due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a Dog
Authors: Steiner Verena , Rosel Adriana Cabal , Ruppitsch Werner , Allerberger Franz , Carranza Valencia Alejandra , Markovic Mato , Luckschander-Zeller Nicole , Szostak Michael P. , Spergser Joachim , Loncaric Igor , Künzel Frank 
Published: December 2021

Infectious endocarditis (IE) in dogs is often associated with a high mortality rate as diagnostic work-up as well as antibiotic treatment might be challenging. The present case describes bacteremia in a dog caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans, leading to an infectious endocarditis. Achromobacter xylosoxidans (A. xylosoxidans) is an aerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, which has been associated with multiple nosocomial opportunistic diseases in human medicine. One such manifestation of A. xylosoxidans infection is endocarditis. A. xylosoxidans infections are challenging to treat due to the reduced effectiveness of a wide range of antimicrobial agents. To date, only a few case reports of infections with A. xylosoxidans in animals have been described. This is the first case report of A. xylosoxidans endocarditis in a dog. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to determine the sequencing type and to gain more information about this bacterium regarding its intrinsic resistance genes. With this case report, we seek to increase awareness of A. xylosoxidans as an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen in dogs and to provide a short summary regarding the current state of general knowledge and known resistance patterns.
Defining Swelling Kinetics in Block Copolymer Thin Films: The Critical Role of Temperature and Vapour Pressure Ramp
Authors: Neppalli Sudhakara Naidu , Collins Timothy W. , Gholamvand Zahra , Cummins Cian , Morris Michael A. , Mokarian-Tabari Parvaneh 
Published: December 2021

We studied the kinetics of swelling in high-χ lamellar-forming poly(styrene)-block- poly(lactic acid) (PS-b-PLA) block copolymer (BCP) by varying the heating rate and monitoring the solvent vapour pressure and the substrate temperature in situ during solvo-thermal vapour annealing (STVA) in an oven, and analysing the resulting morphology. Our results demonstrate that there is not only a solvent vapour pressure threshold (120 kPa), but also that the rate of reaching this pressure threshold has a significant effect on the microphase separation and the resulting morphologies. To study the heating rate effect, identical films were annealed in a tetrahydrofuran (THF) vapour environment under three different ramp regimes, low (rT<1 °C/min), medium (2<rT<3 °C/min) and high (rT>4 °C/min), for 60, 90 and 120 min, respectively, while the solvent vapour pressure and the substrate temperature were measured in real time. The translational order improved significantly with increasing the heating rate. The solvent mass uptake calculated for the different ramp regimes during annealing is linearly proportional to time, indicating that the swelling kinetics followed Case II diffusion. Two stages of the swelling behaviour were observed: (i) diffusion at the initial stages of swelling and (ii) stress relaxation, controlled at later stages. Films with a faster rate of increase in vapour pressure (rP>2 kPa/min) reached the pressure threshold value at an early stage of the swelling and attained a good phase separation. According to our results, highly ordered patterns are only obtained when the volume fraction of the solvent exceeds the polymer volume fraction, i.e., (φs≥φp), during the swelling process, and below this threshold value (φs=0.5), the films did not obtain a good structural order, even at longer annealing times.
Plagiarsm Checker pada Sistem Manajemen Data Tugas Akhir
Authors: Swari Made Hanindia Prami , Putra Chrystia Aji , Handika I Putu Susila 
Published: December 2021

Plagiarisme merupakan isu yang santer berkembang khususnya di Perguruan Tinggi. Perpustakaan di Fasilkom UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur telah memiliki sistem pencatatan skripsi mahasiswa yang bernama E-Read, seringkali mahasiswa yang akan menempuh skripsi akan mencari ide topik dan literatur pada perpustakaan. Untuk meminimalkan kemungkinan terjadinya plagiasi maka sistem E-Read dilengkapi dengan fitur plagiarsm checker yang dibangun pada penelitian ini. Plagiarsm Checker dibuat melalui tahapan pengembangan terstruktur menggunakan metode Waterfall yang terdiri dari analisis kebutuhan, perancangan, implementasi, dan pengujian sistem. Algoritma Jaro Winkler dipilih untuk mendeteksi similaritas dokumen abstrak calon skripsi dengan abstrak-abstrak yang telah tersimpan pada basis data E-Read karena berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu dinyatakan memiliki akurasi yang baik dan waktu komputasi yang cepat. Berdasarkan pengujian terhadap akurasi sistem, maka didapatkan plagiarsm checker yang dibangun memiliki akurasi 40% jika dibandingkan dengan pendapat ahli, nilai presisi 33,3%, recall 100%, dan F-Measure 35%. Selain itu berdasarkan analisis terhadap proses komputasi algoritma Jaro Winkler maka didapatkan bahwa algoritma ini berfokus pada pencarian kesamaan karakter sesuai range uji yang ditentukan, hal ini berarti bahwa algoritma ini belum memiliki mekanisme pengecekan makna kata yang seharusnya diperlukan dalam sistem pengecekan plagiasi dokumen. Melalui penelitian ini, mahasiswa dapat melakukan pengecekan awal abstrak dari calon skripsinya untuk meminimalkan terjadinya plagiasi.
Mártires, héroes y víctimas: estética y política en las imágenes de Santiago Maldonado
Authors: Mazzuchini Santiago 
Published: December 2021

Este articulo propone un recorrido y una reflexión teórico-política sobre la iconografía construida alrededor de Santiago Maldonado, con el objetivo de indagar sobre los modos en que la figura del mártir-heroico y el desaparecido perviven y coexisten en diferentes imágenes de protesta. Diversos colectivos de arte político y fotoperiodismo realizaron una amplia variedad de intervenciones visuales para reclamar por la aparición y el posterior esclarecimiento de la muerte de Maldonado, asociando dicha figura con una serie de víctimas asesinadas o desaparecidas por parte del Estado y sus fuerzas de seguridad. Este intento de vincular el caso con una serie previa da cuenta de una estrategia de politización que lo transforma en un problema público, haciendo que la víctima deje de ser anónima (Gayol y Kessler, 2018). Las estrategias visuales destinadas a politizar e intentar instalar el caso en la agenda mediática dejaron como saldo nuevas imágenes que permiten repensar los modos en que el cuerpo de la víctima deviene en un agente activo de protesta. Por otra parte, las acciones visuales se inscriben en una extensa iconografía política ligada a la desaparición y la muerte, donde rostros y siluetas son figuras tradicionales de nuestra imaginación estético-política.
Tumor de Células Granulares de esófago
Authors: Vásquez-Bonilla Walter , Guerra Luis , Medina Pebbles , Argueta Víctor , Orozco Roberto 
Published: December 2021

El tumor de células granulares del esófago es una neoplasia de tejidos blandos infrecuente. Se origina de las células de Schwann y su diagnóstico es histopatológico. Ocurre con más frecuencia en la piel, lengua, tejido subcutáneo y el músculo esquelético. Su localización en el tracto digestivo es poco frecuente, siendo el esófago el sitio más frecuentemente afectado. Se presenta después de la cuarta década de la vida, generalmente es benigno, asintomático, con masas menores a los 2 cm. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 23 años de edad, sin antecedentes, con historia de masa de +/- 5 cm en cuello, a nivel de esófago, de 3 años de evolución.