bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congruence of opioid prescriptions and dispensing using electronic records and claims data
Authors: Nataraj Nisha , Zhang Kun , Strahan Andrea E. , Guy Gery P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify discrepancies between opioid prescribing and dispensing via the percentage of patients with Electronic Medical Record (EMR) prescriptions who subsequently filled the prescription within 90 days, defined as congruence, and compared opioid congruence with related medications.Data sourcesDeidentified data from the IBM MarketScan Explorys Claims‐EMR Dataset.Study designIn this retrospective, observational study, we examined congruence for commonly prescribed controlled substances—opioids, stimulants, and benzodiazepines. Congruence was stratified by age group and sex.Data collection/extraction methodsContinuously enrolled adults aged 18‐64 years with an EMR encounter (excluding inpatient settings) and ≥ 1 prescription for selected classes between 1/1/2016 and 10/2/2017.Principal findingsDuring the study period, 1,353,478 adults had ≥1 EMR encounter. Patients with stimulants prescriptions had the highest congruence (83%) corresponding to 7151 claims for 8,635 EMR prescriptions, followed by opioids (66%; 62,766/95,690) and benzodiazepines (64%; 30,181/47,408). Chi‐square testing showed congruence differed by age group within opioids (P < .0001) and benzodiazepines (P < .0001) and was higher among females within benzodiazepines (P < .0001).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that relying on claims data alone for opioid prescribing measures might underestimate actual prescribing magnitude by as much as one‐third in these data. Combined EMR and claims data can help future research better understand characteristics associated with congruence or incongruence between prescribing and dispensing.
Successful treatment of triple EGFR mutation T785A/L861Q/H297_E298 with afatinib
Authors: Longo Vito , Catino Annamaria , Montrone Michele , Pizzutilo Pamela , Pesola Francesco , Marech Ilaria , Capone Iolanda , Prelaj Arsela , Galetta Domenico 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPatients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation are characterized by high heterogeneity, and globally considered to have a worse prognosis than patients with the two common mutations; exon 19 deletion, and exon 21 L858R. Nevertheless, some uncommon mutations do confer sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) which is comparable with common mutations. In particular, some compound EGFR mutations seem to be characterized by a favorable prognosis. Unfortunately, the rarity of complex EGFR mutations results in difficult clinical decision‐making. Herein, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of an NSCLC patient with an EGFR triple mutation containing T785A/L861Q/H297_E298 who was successfully treated with afatinib.
KIN17 promotes tumor metastasis by activating EMT signaling in luminal‐A breast cancer
Authors: Huang Qiyuan , Zahid Kashif Rafiq , Chen Jinsi , Pang Xiangxiong , Zhong Meifeng , Huang Hongling , Pan Weifeng , Yin Jingxin , Raza Umar , Zeng Jiamin , Zhu Xinhong , Zeng Tao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC), the most common cause of cancer death in women, overtook lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer worldwide in 2020. Although many studies have proposed KIN17 as a biomarker of tumorigenesis in different cancer types, its role in tumor metastasis, particularly in BC metastasis, has been underexplored. This study aimed to explore the role of KIN17 in BC metastasis.MethodsSurvival analyses was performed to identify the association between KIN17 expression and BC patient survival in silico. Using lentivirus constructs, we developed bidirectional KIN17 expression (KD, knockdown; OE, overexpression) cellular models of luminal‐A (Lum‐A) breast cancer MCF‐7 cells. We performed in vitro wound healing, transwell with and without Matrigel assays, and in vivo tail‐vein metastasis assay to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of MCF‐7 with stable KIN17 knockdown or overexpression. Western blotting was performed to compare the changes in protein expression.ResultsWe found that KIN17 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS), relapse‐free survival (RFS), distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) and post‐progression survival (PPS), particularly in Lum‐A breast cancer patients. Later, we found that KIN17 knockdown inhibited migration and invasion of MCF‐7 cells via regulating EMT‐associated signaling pathways in vitro and decreases metastatic spread of the disease in vivo. In contrast, KIN17 overexpression promoted migration and invasion of MCF‐7 cells in vitro and increased the metastatic spread of the disease in vivo.ConclusionsOverall, our findings provide preliminary data which suggests KIN17 of importance to target in metastatic Lum‐A patients.
The vulnerability of native and invasive conifer seedlings to simulated warming in north‐western Patagonia
Authors: Acheritobehere Laura M. , Orellana Ivonne A. , Raffaele Estela 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOn the context that climate change could increase opportunities of colonisation and spreading for invasive species, we examined whether or not exotic species will respond better than native species to warming effect. We analysed its effect on the water potential (Ψ) of Austrocedrus chilensis and Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings, native and exotic conifers, respectively. We hypothesise that the native species will show more negative Ψ values than the exotic seedlings in warming conditions. A field experiment was set up in two sites in A. chilensis forests in north‐western Patagonia. In each site, 14 blocks were installed, each consisting of an Open Top Chamber (OTC), which increases temperature by 2°C, and a control plot at current environmental temperature. In 7 blocks, 23 seedlings of P. menziesii were planted in each OTC and 23 in each control plot. In the remaining 7 blocks, A. chilensis seedlings were planted in the same way. Micro‐environmental variables and Ψpd and Ψmd were measured over two growing seasons (2014–2015 and 2015–2016); the turgor threshold of each species was also estimated. The data were analysed by MLGM with repeated measures. Our study showed that warming caused a decrease in air and soil humidity, resulting in a reduction in the water potential of both species at predawn and midday. The most negative water potential values were always recorded in the OTC conditions, and the significant differences between sites could be explained by different tree densities and water consumption. In all plots, A. chilensis Ψ values were found to be more negative than those of P. menziesii, but in the warming scenario, this difference was stronger. Moreover, although neither of the species was favoured by the OTC conditions, A. chilensis could be at higher risk than P. menziesii in the mesic site (MA) in a climate warming scenario.
Classification of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey
Authors: Kavgacı Ali , Balpınar Neslihan , Öner Hafize Handan , Arslan Münevver , Bonari Gianmaria , Chytrý Milan , Čarni Andraž 
Published: May 2021

AbstractQuestionsWhat are the main vegetation types of forest and shrubland vegetation at the alliance level in Mediterranean Turkey? What is their syntaxonomical position? Can we integrate them into the European vegetation classification system? Which environmental factors are the main drivers of the floristic differentiation of vegetation types?LocationSouthern and western Turkey.MethodsWe collected 4,717 vegetation plots of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey and performed an unsupervised classification of this data set. We described vegetation types based on the classification results, expert knowledge and information from the literature. We defined diagnostic species and prepared distribution maps for each vegetation type. To support the interpretation of the vegetation types, we determined the most important environmental variables using canonical correspondence analysis.ResultsThe studied vegetation was divided into 21 types related to three vegetation belts: (a) thermo‐ and meso‐mediterranean, comprising coniferous (Pinus brutia, Pinus pinea) and sclerophyllous forests, as well as macchia, garrigue and phrygana; (b) supra‐mediterranean, comprising Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana forests, thermophilous deciduous forests dominated by various oak species and Ostrya carpinifolia, and forests dominated by temperate species such as Fagus orientalis; and (c) oro‐mediterranean, comprising forests and shrublands dominated by Abies cilicica, Cedrus libani, Juniperus excelsa and Juniperus communis subsp. nana. Elevation was identified as the main environmental driver of the vegetation pattern. Among climatic variables, the most important are the mean temperatures (annual and of driest, coldest, and warmest quarters), minimum temperature of winter, precipitation of warmest and driest quarters and precipitation seasonality. These factors indicate the decreasing effect of the Mediterranean climate with increasing elevation.ConclusionsThe vegetation of Mediterranean Turkey is arranged along climatic gradients depending on elevation and the distance from the Mediterranean Sea. Most vegetation types in this area correspond to the syntaxa accepted in EuroVegChecklist, while others were described as new.
Influence of parity and infant age on maternal self‐efficacy, social support, postpartum anxiety, and postpartum depression in the first six months in the Maritime Provinces, Canada
Authors: Dol Justine , Richardson Brianna , Grant Amy , Aston Megan , McMillan Douglas , Tomblin Murphy Gail , Campbell‐Yeo Marsha 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAfter giving birth, women experience significant changes related to maternal self‐efficacy and social support and are at risk of experiencing postpartum anxiety and depression.ProblemNo studies have focused on the relationship between parity and infant age and their impact on psychosocial outcomes, particularly in a Canadian context.AimTo explore the relationship between parity and infant age on perceived maternal self‐efficacy, social support, postpartum anxiety, and postpartum depression.MethodsWomen from three Canadian provinces within the first 6 months postpartum completed standardized online questionnaires. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to examine the primary aim.FindingsA total of 561 women (56.5% primiparous, 55.1% infant 0‐3 months) participated. There were significant main effects for both parity (P < .001) and age of infant (P < .001), but no significant interaction (P = .463). Primiparous women had lower maternal self‐efficacy (P = .004) and higher postpartum anxiety (P = .000) than multiparous women. Women with younger infants had more perceived social support (P = .002). Women with older infants had higher levels of postpartum anxiety (P = .003) and depression (P = .000).DiscussionThe transition that women experience, independent of parity, within the first six months is dynamic with women of older infants experiencing more postpartum mental health concerns and less perceived social support. Our findings emphasize that postnatal support should extend beyond the typical six‐week follow‐up period.ConclusionsAdditional studies are warranted to determine ways to provide ongoing support throughout the first six months and beyond to improve maternal well‐being and address postpartum needs.
Mental health among pregnant women with COVID‐19–related stressors and worries in the United States
Authors: Liu Jihong , Hung Peiyin , Alberg Anthony J. , Hair Nicole L. , Whitaker Kara M. , Simon Jessica , Taylor Sherri K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have evaluated whether pandemic‐related stressors, worries, and social distancing have affected the mental health of pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsData came from an online survey of United States pregnant women (n = 715), conducted in May 2020. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were used to assess depressive symptoms, thoughts of self‐harm, and moderate or severe anxiety. Multiple logistic regressions were used to examine the associations of COVID‐19 experiences with mental health outcomes.ResultsParticipants were racially diverse. The prevalence of adverse mental health outcomes was 36% for probable depression, 20% for thoughts of self‐harm, and 22% for anxiety. Women who reported family members dying from COVID‐19 had four times higher odds of having thoughts of self‐harm than women who did not experience family death. Depression was more prevalent among women who canceled or reduced medical appointments. Women were more likely to have worse mental health outcomes if they expressed worry about getting financial or emotional/social support, about their pregnancy, or about family or friends. Strict social distancing was positively associated with depression. A higher proportion of adults working from home was inversely associated with depression and thoughts of self‐harm.ConclusionHigh percentages of pregnant women had symptoms of depression or anxiety, suggesting an urgent need to screen and treat mental health conditions among pregnant women during the pandemic. Pandemic‐related risks and protective factors are relevant to developing tailored interventions to address the mental health of pregnant women during pandemic circumstances.
Ral GTPase–activating protein regulates the malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yoshimachi Shingo , Shirakawa Ryutaro , Cao Mingxin , Trinh Duc Anh , Gao Pan , Sakata Natsumi , Miyazaki Kento , Goto Kota , Miura Takayuki , Ariake Kyohei , Maeda Shimpei , Masuda Kunihiro , Ishida Masaharu , Ohtsuka Hideo , Unno Michiaki , Horiuchi Hisanori 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe small GTPases RalA and RalB are members of the Ras family and activated downstream of Ras. Ral proteins are found in GTP‐bound active and GDP‐bound inactive forms. The activation process is executed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, while inactivation is mediated by GTPase‐activating proteins (GAPs). RalGAPs are complexes that consist of a catalytic α1 or α2 subunit together with a common β subunit. Several reports implicate the importance of Ral in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, there are few reports on the relationship between levels of RalGAP expression and malignancy in PDAC. We generated RalGAPβ‐deficient PDAC cells by CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing to investigate how increased Ral activity affects malignant phenotypes of PDAC cells. RalGAPβ‐deficient PDAC cells exhibited several‐fold higher Ral activity relative to control cells. They had a high migratory and invasive capacity. The RalGAPβ‐deficient cells grew more rapidly than control cells when injected subcutaneously into nude mice. When injected into the spleen, the RalGAPβ‐deficient cells formed larger splenic tumors with more liver metastases, and unlike controls, they disseminated into the abdominal cavity. These results indicate that RalGAPβ deficiency in PDAC cells contributes to high activities of RalA and RalB, leading to enhanced cell migration and invasion in vitro, and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.
Clinical significance of signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Koga Naomichi , Hu Qingjiang , Sakai Akihiro , Takada Kazuki , Nakanishi Ryota , Hisamatsu Yuichi , Ando Koji , Kimura Yasue , Oki Eiji , Oda Yoshinao , Mori Masaki 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSignal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is a type I transmembrane protein that inhibits macrophage phagocytosis of tumor cells upon interaction with CD47, and the CD47‐SIRPα pathway acts as an immune checkpoint factor in cancers. This study aims to clarify the clinical significance of SIRPα expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). First, we assessed SIRPα expression using RNA sequencing data of 95 ESCC tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and immunohistochemical analytic data from our cohort of 131 patients with ESCC. Next, we investigated the correlation of SIRPα expression with clinicopathological factors, patient survival, infiltration of tumor immune cells, and expression of programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). Overall survival was significantly poorer with high SIRPα expression than with low expression in both TCGA and our patient cohort (P < .001 and P = .027, respectively). High SIRPα expression was associated with greater depth of tumor invasion (P = .0017). Expression of SIRPα was also significantly correlated with the tumor infiltration of M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and PD‐L1 expression (P < .001, P < .001, P = .03, and P < .001, respectively). Moreover, patients with SIRPα/PD‐L1 coexpression tended to have a worse prognosis than patients with expression of either protein alone or neither. Taken together, SIRPα indicates poor prognosis in ESCC, possibly through inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of tumor cells and inducing suppression of antitumor immunity. Signal regulatory protein alpha should be considered as a potential therapeutic target in ESCC, especially if combined with PD‐1‐PD‐L1 blockade.
Queensland Alcohol‐related violence and Night‐time Economy Monitoring (QUANTEM): Rationale and overview
Authors: Miller Peter G. , Coomber Kerri , de Andrade Dominique , Livingston Michael , Puljević Cheneal , Vakidis Thea , Carah Nicholas , Taylor Nicholas , Burn Michele , Curtis Ashlee , Chikritzhs Tanya , Room Robin , Clough Alan , Najman Jake , Scott Debbie , Mayshak Richelle , Ferris Jason 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis commentary introduces the special section on the outcomes of the Queensland Alcohol‐related violence and Night‐time Economy Monitoring project and outlines the political and policy context of the interventions put in place under the Queensland government's Tackling Alcohol‐Fuelled Violence strategy. The development of the strategy was informed by alcohol policy initiatives trialled in other major Australian cities over the past two decades. The articles in this special section examine the impact of the Tackling Alcohol‐Fuelled Violence policy stages on alcohol‐related harms and local economies across selected entertainment precincts (Safe Night Precincts). A rich array of data were utilised, including administrative health and justice data, data reflective of nightlife trading (i.e. foot traffic data, ID scanner data and live music performances) and street surveys. Findings have implications for research, policy and practice and demonstrate the need for comprehensive evaluations that can accommodate the complexities of modern alcohol policy in Australia.
Modality‐specific frequency band activity during neural entrainment to auditory and visual rhythms
Authors: Comstock Daniel C. , Ross Jessica M. , Balasubramaniam Ramesh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRhythm perception depends on the ability to predict the onset of rhythmic events. Previous studies indicate beta band modulation is involved in predicting the onset of auditory rhythmic events (Fujioka et al., 2009, 2012; Snyder & Large, 2005). We sought to determine if similar processes are recruited for prediction of visual rhythms by investigating whether beta band activity plays a role in a modality‐dependent manner for rhythm perception. We looked at electroencephalography time–frequency neural correlates of prediction using an omission paradigm with auditory and visual rhythms. By using omissions, we can separate out predictive timing activity from stimulus‐driven activity. We hypothesized that there would be modality‐independent markers of rhythm prediction in induced beta band oscillatory activity, and our results support this hypothesis. We find induced and evoked predictive timing in both auditory and visual modalities. Additionally, we performed an exploratory‐independent components‐based spatial clustering analysis, and describe all resulting clusters. This analysis reveals that there may be overlapping networks of predictive beta activity based on common activation in the parietal and right frontal regions, auditory‐specific predictive beta in bilateral sensorimotor regions, and visually specific predictive beta in midline central, and bilateral temporal/parietal regions. This analysis also shows evoked predictive beta activity in the left sensorimotor region specific to auditory rhythms and implicates modality‐dependent networks for auditory and visual rhythm perception.
Effects of mixing tree species and water availability on soil organic carbon stocks are depth dependent in a temperate podzol
Authors: Fanin Nicolas , Maxwell Tania L. , Altinalmazis‐Kondylis Andreas , Bon Lucie , Meredieu Céline , Jactel Hervé , Bakker Mark R. , Augusto Laurent 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMixing tree species is a forest management strategy put forward to increase and stabilize primary productivity. Yet, little is known about soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in mixed species forests, particularly under water shortage. In this study, we used a tree diversity experiment in southwestern France to assess the interactive effects of water availability (via irrigation) and mixing tree species (monocultures of pine (Pinus pinaster) and birch (Betula pendula) versus mixed plots of pine‐birch and pine‐birch‐oak (Quercus robur)) on SOC stocks in the forest floor and across five mineral soil layers (0–5, 5–15, 15–30, 30–60 and 60–90 cm deep). We found that SOC stocks were negatively affected by irrigation in the forest floor due to an increase in decomposition rates. However, SOC stocks were positively influenced by both the mixing of tree species and irrigation in the mineral soil, particularly at the 15–30‐cm soil depth. This is because root niche partitioning in mixed plots and an increase in tree biomass in irrigated plots may have resulted in greater organic matter inputs through rhizodeposition and the incorporation of microbially‐derived compounds. These preliminary results indicate that SOC dynamics and its response to biotic and abiotic factors are strongly dependent on soil depth. Our data further highlight that the positive effect of mixing trees on SOC stocks was higher in irrigated plots, thereby contradicting the idea that tree mixture effects are expected to be greater when environmental conditions are harsher. We conclude that mixing tree species can increase SOC stocks in the short term in temperate forests, even if the exact mechanisms remain to be identified.Highlights
Effects of mixing trees and increasing water availability on SOC are depth dependent.
Increase in SOC stocks occurred mainly at the mid‐soil depth (15–30 cm).
Effects of tree mixture on SOC were greater when soil water availability was high.