bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The high risk of malarial recurrence in patients with Plasmodium-mixed infection after treatment with antimalarial drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mahittikorn Aongart , Masangkay Frederick Ramirez , Kotepui Kwuntida Uthaisar , Milanez Giovanni De Jesus , Kotepui Manas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundMalaria mixed infections are often unrecognized by microscopists in the hospitals, and a delay or failure to treatPlasmodium-mixed infection may lead to aggravated morbidity and increased mortality. The present study aimed to quantify the pooled proportion and risk of malarial recurrences after the treatment ofPlasmodium-mixed infection. The results of the study may provide benefits in the management ofPlasmodium-mixed infection in co-endemic regions.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis searched the international Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; ID = CRD42020199709), MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus for potentially relevant studies in any language published between January 1, 1936, and July 20, 2020, assessing drug efficacy in patients withPlasmodium-mixed infection. The primary outcome was the pooled prevalence ofPlasmodiumparasitemia after initiating antimalarial treatment forPlasmodium-mixed infection. The secondary outcome was the pooled risk ratio (RR) of malarial recurrence inPlasmodium-mixed infection compared with those inPlasmodium falciparumandPlasmodium vivaxmono-infection. The pooled analyses were calculated by random-effects meta-analysis. After the initial treatment in different days of recurrences (≤ 28 days or > 28 days), the risk ofPlasmodiumparasitemia was compared in subgroup analysis.ResultsOut of 5217 screened studies, 11 were included in the meta-analysis, including 4390 patients from six countries. The pooled prevalence of all recurrences ofPlasmodium-mixed parasitemia was 30% (95% confidence interval (CI) 16–43;I2: 99.2%; 11 studies). The RR of malarial recurrence within 28 days after the initial treatment (clinical treatment failure) ofPlasmodium-mixed parasitemia compared with the treatment ofP. falciparumwas 1.22 (p: 0.029; 95% CI 1.02–1.47; Cochran Q: 0.93;I2: 0%; six studies), while there was no significant difference in the risk of recurrence 28 days after initial treatment compared with the treatment ofP. falciparum(p: 0.696, RR: 1.14; 95% CI 0.59–2.18; Cochran Q < 0.05;I2: 98.2%; four studies). The subgroup analysis of antimalarial drugs showed that significant malarial recurrence within 28 days was observed in patients treated with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) with no significant heterogeneity (p: 0.028, RR: 1.31; 95% CI 1.03–1.66; Cochran Q: 0.834;I2: 0%).ConclusionsThe present findings showed a high prevalence of malarial recurrence after the initial treatment ofPlasmodium-mixed infection. Moreover, significant malaria recurrence of mixed infection occurred within 28 days after treatment with ACTs.Graphical Abstract
Extract from phyllosphere bacteria with antibiofilm and quorum quenching activity to control several fish pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Nathalia Olivia , Waturangi Diana Elizabeth 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this research were to screen quorum quenching activity compound from phyllosphere bacteria as well as antibiofilm activity against several fish pathogen bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Vibrio harveyi.

Results
We found eight phyllosphere bacteria isolates with potential quorum quenching activity to inhibit Chromobacterium violaceum as indicator bacteria. Crude extracts (20 mg/mL) showed various antibiofilm activity against fish pathogenic bacteria used in this study. Isolate JB 17B showed the highest activity to inhibit biofilm formation of A. hydrophila and V. harveyi, meanwhile isolate JB 3B showed the highest activity to inhibit biofilm of S. agalactiae. From destruction assay, isolate JB 8F showed the highest activity to disrupt biofilm of A. hydrophila isolate JB 20B showed the highest activity to disrupt biofilm of V. harveyi, isolate JB 17B also showed the highest activity to disrupt biofilm of S. agalactiae.
Steroid 21-hydroxylase gene variants and late-life depression
Authors: Ancelin Marie-Laure , Norton Joanna , Ritchie Karen , Chaudieu Isabelle , Ryan Joanne 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives
A feature of late-life depression is alterations of the stress hormone system. The CYP21A2 gene encodes for the steroid 21-hydroxylase enzyme which is required for the biosynthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, two main components of the stress response in humans. Variants in the CYP21A2 gene could influence risk of late-life depression, but this has not been examined. This study investigated possible associations between five variants in the CYP21A2 gene and late-life depression in 1007 older community-dwelling men and women.

Results
In multivariate logistic regression model, significant associations were found between three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs389883, rs437179, and rs630379) and depression in women specifically (OR ranging from 1.51 to 1.68, p-values 0.025 to 0.0045), and the two latter remained significant after correction for multiple testing. Variants of the CYP21A2 gene appear as susceptibility factors for late-life depression in a sex-specific manner, independently of somatic and neuropsychiatric comorbidity.
Longitudinal study of primary progressive aphasia in a patient with pathologically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease: a case report
Authors: Takaya Masahiko , Ishii Kazunari , Saigoh Kazumasa , Shirakawa Osamu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease involving the deposition of pathologic amyloid-β and tau protein in the cerebral cortex. Alzheimer’s disease is commonly characterized by progressive impairment of recent memory. Primary progressive aphasia is also often observed in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, language-associated symptoms, such as primary progressive aphasia, are diverse and varied in Alzheimer’s disease. However, nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia is not generally considered a symptom of Alzheimer’s disease. To date, there has been no longitudinal study of primary progressive aphasia in Japanese-speaking patients or in patients speaking other languages with pathologically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease. Here we present a longitudinal study of primary progressive aphasia in a Japanese patient pathologically diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.

Case presentation
A 75-year-old Japanese man, whose wife reported that his memory was impaired, also suffered from suspected aphasia. He was pathologically diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease using 11C-Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography and 18F-THK5351 positron emission tomography. Based on clinical observation and the results of the Japanese standard language test of aphasia, he was also diagnosed with nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia. During the subsequent 2 years, his cognitive impairment, aphasia, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia progressed. Furthermore, progression of pathologic amyloid-β and tau protein deposition was revealed through 11C-Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography and 18F-THK5351 positron emission tomography. Although the results of [123I] iodoamphetamine single-photon emission computed tomography suggested corticobasal degeneration, this was not observed on the [123I] FP-CIT single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (DaTscan). A previous study had reported that Alzheimer’s disease with a nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia was accompanied by corticobasal degeneration; however, this was not true in our case.

Conclusions
This is possibly the first longitudinal study of nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia in a Japanese-speaking patient with pathologically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease, but without corticobasal degeneration.
Avascular femoral necrosis as part of Cushing syndrome presentation: a case report
Authors: Salazar Daniela , Esteves César , Ferreira Maria João , Pedro Jorge , Pimenta Tiago , Portugal Raquel , Carvalho Davide 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The clinical characteristics and complications of Cushing syndrome (CS) are well known and described in the literature. Nevertheless, rare, atypical presentations may go unnoticed. Osteonecrosis is a well-documented complication of glucocorticoid therapy. However, endogenous hypercortisolism is a rare, but relevant, cause of bone avascular necrosis. We describe the case of a woman with CS undiagnosed for 2 years after presenting with femoral avascular necrosis.

Case presentation
A 38-year-old Caucasian woman was referred for evaluation of secondary amenorrhea, associated with oral contraception withdrawal in the context of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). She had a previous right hip arthroplasty for treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, diagnosed after 3 years of progressive right hip pain and limited mobility. She also had high blood pressure (HBP) of 5 years’ duration, and reported weight gain (4 kg in 2 years). There was no history of infertility (gravida 2, para 2). Physical examination revealed buffalo hump, truncal obesity, facial plethora, muscular atrophy and proximal myopathy, and easy bruising (under anticoagulant treatment for DVT). Workup showed abnormal overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) (serum cortisol 21.5 µg/dL; normal < 1.8 µg/dL), elevated 24-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC) (728.9 µg/day; reference range 36.0–137.0 µg/day), and suppressed plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (< 1.0 pg/mL), findings consistent with ACTH-independent CS. Urinary metanephrines and catecholamines were normal, and the remaining analytical study showed no major changes, apart from glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 6.8%. Adrenal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a 25 mm lesion in the left adrenal gland, with density non-suggestive of adenoma. The patient underwent unilateral adrenalectomy and started steroid replacement. Histology revealed an adrenal cortex adenoma. Three months after surgery the patient presented with resolution of HBP and hypercortisolism (UFC 37.4 µg/day; reference range 36.0–137.0 µg/day).

Conclusion
In some cases, CS signs may go unnoticed and the diagnosis postponed. Avascular necrosis is a rare presenting feature of endogenous hypercortisolism, and, if left untreated, complete collapse of the femoral head may ensue, rendering the need for hip replacement in up to 70% of patients. Suspicion and recognition of atypical features is therefore important in avoiding complications and delay in treatment of CS.
Challenges in Evaluating Seismic Collapse Risk for RC Buildings
Authors: Zhou Jin , Zhang Zhelun , Williams Tessa , Kunnath Sashi K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe development of fragility functions that express the probability of collapse of a building as a function of some ground motion intensity measure is an effective tool to assess seismic vulnerability of structures. However, a number of factors ranging from ground motion selection to modeling decisions can influence the quantification of collapse probability. A methodical investigation was carried out to examine the effects of component modeling and ground motion selection in establishing demand and collapse risk of a typical reinforced concrete frame building. The primary system considered in this study is a modern 6-story RC moment frame building that was designed to current code provisions in a seismically active region. Both concentrated and distributed plasticity beam–column elements were used to model the building frame and several options were considered in constitutive modeling for both options. Incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) were carried out using two suites of ground motions—the first set comprised site-dependent ground motions, while the second set was a compilation of hazard-consistent motions using the conditional scenario spectra approach. Findings from the study highlight the influence of modeling decisions and ground motion selection in the development of seismic collapse fragility functions and the characterization of risk for various demand levels.
Association of interleukin-4 polymorphism with diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy in a Sudanese population
Authors: Tayrab Eltayeb Mohamed Ahmed , Mahmoud Gaafar Mahmoud Gaafar , Abdelrahim Hisham Mohamed , Ahmed Samia Mahdi , Elmakki Abdelmonium 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a multifunctional cytokine; involved in the regulation of immune responses, as well as in the pathogenicity of many diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Some researchers suggested that IL-4 protects the human pancreatic islet from cytotoxic damages, whereas others suggested some inhibitory actions of IL-4 on pancreatic islets. This study aimed to assess the role of IL-4 genotypes of intron 3 variable number of tandem repeats of the IL-4 gene in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy in Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This case–control study was performed in a number of Khartoum state hospitals in Sudan. The study enrolled 181 Sudanese patients, 115 (57 females and 58 males) diagnosed with T2DM and 66 (29 females and 37 males) healthy persons who served as control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the analysis of IL-4, which was amplified using the following amplification sequence (forward primer: CACGACGTTGTAAAACGACTAGGCTGAAAGGGGGAAAGC; reverse primer: CTGTTCACCTCAACTGCTCC). Biochemical analyses for highly sensitive C- reactive protein (hs-CRP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein were performed using a chemical analyzer.

Results
The study showed that in the diabetic group, 49(42.6%) had diabetic retinopathy, whereas 7(6.1%) had diabetic neuropathy. The B1B1 genotype was found to be a higher risk factor for developing diabetic retinopathy than B2B2 [P = 0.028; Odds ratio (OR) = 1.381; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.344–9.062], whereas the B1B2 genotype was found to be insignificantly associated with retinopathy (P = 0.357; OR = 1.570; 95% CI 0.654–3.887). Furthermore, hs-CRP and HbA1c were significantly increased in diabetic neuropathy with IL-4 B1B1 genotype.

Conclusions
IL-4 gene polymorphisms can be good markers for the early identification of risk for diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy in Sudanese people. The hs-CRP and HbA1c in diabetic patients with IL-4 B1B1 genotype may be predisposition predictors of diabetic neuropathy.
Fomitiporia punicata and Phaeoacremonium minimum associated with Esca complex of grapevine in China
Authors: Ye Qingtong , Jia Jingyi , Manawasinghe Ishara S. , Li Xinghong , Zhang Wei , Mugnai Laura , Wu Xuehong , Hyde Kevin D. , Yan Jiye 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Esca disease complex includes some of the most important trunk diseases of grapevines (Vitis spp.) and causes serious yield losses in grape production worldwide. However, there has been no detailed study on its presence and associated pathogens in China. During 2017–2019, a preliminary field survey was conducted in eight vineyards in Hebei and Ningxia provinces, China when unusual foliar symptoms were observed. Symptoms were distinct tiger striped leaves, which are typical of grapevine leaf stripe disease (GLSD), one of the most common diseases in the Esca complex. Tiger-stripe leaf symptoms were found in four vineyards, and incidence was cultivar dependent varying with vineyard and year. A total of 266 fungal isolates were obtained from wood tissues of grapevines with typical foliar symptoms of GLSD. Based on morphological characters and multigene-combined phylogenetic analyses, the Ascomycete Phaeoacremonium minimum, one of the pathogens associated with Esca complex was identified. The basidiomycete Fomitiporia punicata, which has never been reported infecting grapevine, was also identified and found to be associated with wood rot in grapevine. The remaining isolates included some known wood pathogens, such as Neofusicoccum species and Diaporthe species. Koch’s postulates were performed in the greenhouse, confirming that both F. punicata and P. minimum caused leaf interveinal chlorosis and necrosis that resembled the GLSD symptoms of the Esca complex observed in the field. The present study provides the first detailed report of the Esca complex in China. In addition, this is the first record of F. punicata associated with Esca complex of grapevine worldwide. The results of this study provide new insights into the knowledge of the Esca complex.
Comparison between invasive and non-invasive assessment of blood pressure in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Hassan Ayman Khairy M. , Shaamash Ayman H. , Mohamed Asmaa G. , Demitry Salwa R. , Razik Nady A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) during hospitalization requires an accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement, mainly by invasive intra-arterial reading. Nevertheless, little is known about the precision of non-invasive (NI) central BP measurements in HDP. We aimed to assess the accuracy of NI central BP assessment in comparison to invasive BP measurement in HDP.
This cross-sectional study included all patients with HDP that were admitted to university hospitals for high BP control, from December 2018 till December 2019, and 10 healthy matched non-hypertensive controls. Patients were compared for demographic, anthropometric, and echocardiographic data. In all subjects, invasive BP assessment was done by radial arterial cannulation and NI assessment of BP was performed by an oscillometric automated device (Mobil-O-Graph); the comparison was done after initial control of BP.

Results
One hundred patients were included and divided into 3 groups (pre-existing hypertension (HTN), gestational HTN, and pre-eclampsia). There was no statistically significant difference between NI central and invasive methods in measuring both systolic BP (SBP) (126.39 ± 14.5 vs 127.43 ± 15.3, p = 0.5) and diastolic BP (82.41 ± 9.0 vs 83.78 ± 8.9, p = 0.14) among the total studied population. A strong positive correlation was found between NI central and invasive SBP (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). HDP was associated with an increase in arterial stiffness, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and complications.

Conclusion
Non-invasive measurement of BP using oscillometric automated devices is as accurate as the invasive method, and it is a practical safe method in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders (CTR no. = NCT04303871).
Landscape Analysis of Oncology Mobile Health Applications
Authors: Upadhyay Vivek A. , Landman Adam B. , Hassett Michael J. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE More than 325,000 mobile health (mhealth) applications (apps) have been developed. We sought to describe the state of oncology-specific apps and to highlight areas of strength and opportunities for future development. METHODS We searched for oncology apps in the Apple iOS and Google Play app stores in January 2020. Apps were classified by English language support, date of last update, downloads, intended audience, intended purpose, and developer type. RESULTS We identified 794 oncology-specific, English language applications; only 257 (32%) met basic recency standards and were considered evaluable. Of evaluable apps, almost half (47%) were found in the Medical Store Category and the majority were free (88%). The most common intended audience was health care professionals (45%), with 28% being geared toward the general public and 27% being intended for patients. The intended function was education for 36%, clinical decision support for 19.5%, and patient support for 18%. Only 23% of education apps and 40% of clinical decision support apps reported any formal app content review process. Web developers created 61.5% of apps, scientific societies created 10%, and hospitals or health care organizations created just 6%. Of 54 studies that used mobile apps in oncology identified by a recent meta-analysis, only two could be matched to commercially available apps from our study, suggesting a substantial divide between investigation and product dissemination. CONCLUSION Relatively few oncology-related apps exist in the commercial marketplace, up-to-date apps are uncommon, and there is a notable absence of key oncology stakeholders in app development. Meaningful development opportunities exist.
Authorship Patterns in Cancer Genomics Publications Across Africa
Authors: Rotimi Solomon O. , Rotimi Oluwakemi A. , Salhia Bodour 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE Authorship is a proxy indicator of research capacity. Understanding the research capacity is imperative for developing population-specific cancer control strategies. This is particularly apropos for African nations, where mortality from cancer is projected to surpass that from infectious disease and the populations are critically under-represented in cancer and genomics studies. Here, we present an analysis and discussion of the patterns of authorship in Africa as they pertain to cancer genomics research across African countries. METHODS PubMed metadata of relevant cancer genomics peer-reviewed publications on African populations, published between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2019, were retrieved and analyzed for patterns of authorship affiliation using R packages, RISmed, and Pubmed.mineR. RESULTS The data showed that only 0.016% (n = 375) of cancer publications globally were on cancer genomics of African people. More than 50% of the first and last authors of these publications originated from the North African countries of Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, and Algeria. South Africa (13.6% and 12.7%) and Nigeria (2.2% and 1.9%) were the Sub-Saharan African countries most represented by first and last authorship positions, respectively. The United States contributed 12.6% of first and last authored papers, and nearly 50% of all African countries had no contributing author for the publications we reviewed. CONCLUSION This study highlights and brings awareness to the paucity of cancer genomics research on African populations and by African authors and identifies a need for concerted efforts to encourage and enable more research in Africa, needed for achieving global equity in cancer outcomes.
Towards room-temperature superconductivity
Authors: Szeftel Jacob , Sandeau Nicolas , Abou Ghantous Michel , El-Saba Muhammad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
By taking advantage of a stability criterion established recently, the critical temperature T

c
is reckoned with help of the microscopic parameters, characterising the normal and superconducting electrons, namely the independent-electron band structure and a repulsive two-electron force. The emphasis is laid on the sharp T

c
dependence upon electron concentration and inter-electron coupling, which might offer a practical route toward higher T

c
values and help to understand why high-T

c
compounds exhibit such remarkable properties.