bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Optical Vector Processing at 50 Gbs using Linear Silicon Photonic Circuits
Authors: Moschos Theodoros , Pappas Christos , Kovaios Stefanos , Roumpos Ioannis , Prapas Antonios , Tsakyridis Apostolos , Moralis-Pegios Miltiadis , Vagionas Christos , London Yanir , Tossoun Bassem , Vaerenbergh Thomas Van , Pleros Nikos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The need for high-speed, energy-efficient computing in machine learning and real-time communication necessitates innovations beyond conventional digital and analog electronics to sustain computational power advances without requiring prohibitive energy amounts. Photonics has emerged as a promising platform demonstrating significant highlights in the field of linear transformations. Adopting, however, the use of photons within a broad range of computing applications necessitates their successful employment also in nonlinear vector processing and matching functionalities, which still continue to comprise the stronghold of electronics. In this direction, we demonstrate nonlinear optical vector processing in the form of Hamming Distance (HD) calculation and Content Addressable Memory (CAM) bank operations using linear optical circuits on Silicon photonics (SiPho) at a record-high-speed of 50 Gb/s, enabling advances in pattern matching, error-correction and look-up tables. The processor employs a 4×4 crossbar architecture with 56 GHz SiGe electro-absorption modulators to compute HD between 2-bit optical vectors. It achieves error-rates of ~ 10⁻³ in CAM and ternary CAM applications that correspond to zero HD, improving state-of-the-art CAM speed performance by > 2.5x. Scalability is enhanced by employing space-wavelength multiplexing schemes via a WDM-enabled SiPho processor cell, which is experimentally demonstrated at 50 Gb/s and offers the potential to increase the computational capacity in a reduced insertion loss and power consumption envelope. The realization of HD calculation and CAM matchline operations via linear optical transformations can pave the inroad towards implementing additional nonlinear optical vector transformation processes at high data-rates via linear silicon photonic circuits, like the calculation of Euclidean distance and Cosine distance metrics.
Development of a clinical prediction model for sensitivity to combination therapy of Bcl-2 inhibitors and hypomethylating agents in elderly/unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Du Yufeng , Li Chunhong , Chen Yonghong , Xie Fang , Yan Jinsong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to develop a clinical prediction model for sensitivity to Bcl-2 inhibitors combined with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in elderly/unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Methods
Clinical data, including French-American-British (FAB) classification, chromosomal karyotype, and second-generation sequencing results, were retrospectively collected from consecutive elderly/unfit patients with AML treated with Bcl-2 inhibitors in combination with HMAs between September 2019 and March 2024. Treatment efficacy was assessed in all patients. Logistic regression and Akaike information criterion were used to identify risk variables affecting efficacy. A nomogram was developed based on these variables to assess patient sensitivity to the treatment regimen. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
This study included 209 patients with AML. The FAB classification, AML type, AML status, prior HMAs exposure, chromosomal karyotype, and mutations in ASXL1, FLT3, IDH, NPM1, and CEBPA were screened to develop the nomogram. The area under the ROC curve indicated a discriminatory power of 0.900 (95% CI, 0.860–0.941). The calibration curve suggested favorable concordance between the predicted and actual occurrence probabilities (P = 0.849). DCA revealed a net clinical benefit when the threshold probability ranged from 0 to 0.98. Internal validation, performed 500 times using the bootstrap method, demonstrated a satisfactory model performance in the validation set.
Conclusion
A prediction model was developed and validated to serve as a decision-making tool for physicians treating elderly/unfit patients with AML prior to initiating therapy with Bcl-2 inhibitors combined with HMAs.
Assessment of the Knowledge of Thirdhand Smoke Awareness in Turkey: A Call to Action for Family Physicians
Authors: Aydemir Hacı Ahmet , Aydemir Seda , Alğan Abdulkadir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Thirdhand smoke (THS) refers to contaminants in cigarette smoke that contaminate surfaces and continue to be released for a long time. THS adversely affects human health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the level of knowledge and awareness of THS among individuals who applied to a family medicine unit in Turkey.
Method
This cross-sectional study included individuals over the age of 18 who were registered with a family medicine unit between October and December 2023. The questionnaire, which was created via Google Forms, asked individuals to provide demographic information and complete questions from the Beliefs About Third-Hand Smoking (BATHS-T) scale. The questionnaire was read to the individuals face-to-face by a clinician. Some individuals were asked to complete the questionnaire themselves in the virtual environment by reading the generated QR code.
Results
A total of 1025 participants were included in the study; the mean age was 34.24 ± 11.18 years, 74.24% (n = 761) were female, 79.22% (n = 812) were married, and 19.61% (n = 201) had chronic diseases. A total of 27.51% (n = 282) of the participants were smokers. Only 14,82% (n = 152) of the participants had information about thirdhand smoke. Those over 35 years of age had significantly lower total BATHS-T scores than did those aged 35 years and younger (p = 0.001). The total BATHS-T score of women was significantly greater than that of men (p < 0.001). The BATHS-T total score of those with chronic diseases was significantly lower than that of those without chronic diseases (p = 0,030). The BATHS-T total score of nonsmokers was significantly higher than that of smokers, those who had information about third-hand smoke were significantly higher than those who did not, and those who cared about the presence of cigarette smoke when buying a car or staying in a hotel room were significantly higher than those who did not (p < 0,001).
Conclusion
In this study, THS awareness levels were found to be quite low. Family physicians who have a preventive medicine mission have a great duty to increase this awareness.
Mapping the dimerization specificity of bZIP transcription factors in bread wheat
Authors: Kaur Raminder , Sharma Nishtha , Jain Prateek , Verma Mamta , Apkari Ashish , Rishi Vikas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Dimerization is pivotal in target-binding interactions among transcription factors (TFs), including bZIPs, bHLHs, and many zinc finger proteins. The bZIP family comprises an α-helix class of TFs that features a basic region binding to the major groove of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), followed by a leucine zipper motif that facilitates dimerization through coiled-coil structures, forming homo- or heterodimers. In allohexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum cv.), bZIPs and their homeologs utilize dimerization motifs to create specific bZIP pairs with distinct regulatory functions. The dimerization pattern of bZIPs is essential for gene regulation. Following a genome-wide analysis, we identified 265 bZIP TFs in bread wheat. By applying criteria from previous studies to evaluate bZIP dimerization across humans, Drosophila, and Arabidopsis, we categorized bZIP TFs into different groups based on their predicted dimerization propensity. Amino acid sequence analysis of wheat bZIP TFs led to several conclusions: unlike Drosophila and humans, wheat bZIPs are longer, with some reaching lengths of up to 14 heptads. Based on the amino acids at the a, d, g, and e positions in each heptad, wheat bZIPs are predominantly predicted to form homodimers. However, the mechanisms underlying wheat bZIP dimerization specificity and stability, particularly in plants, remain poorly understood. To experimentally validate the predicted dimer assembly, eight key bZIP TFs containing the bZIP domain were cloned and expressed for structural analysis. Using purified bZIP proteins, thermal denaturation studies demonstrated a change in dimerization stability as the length of the leucine zipper varies. In summary, this study enhances our understanding of the role of leucine zippers in determining the specificity and stability of bZIP dimers, which subsequently influence DNA binding and gene regulation in plants.
Quantitative Fluorescence Imaging of Porphyrin Phospholipid Photobleaching and Light Activated Liposomal Doxorubicin Release Using Wide-field and Laparoscopic SFDI in an Ovarian Cancer Model
Authors: Ahmmed Rasel , Kluiszo Elias , Aygun-Sunar Semra , Willadsen Matthew , Kutscher Hilliard L , Lovell Jonathan F. , Sunar Ulas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Chemophototherapy (CPT) is an emerging cancer treatment that leverages the synergistic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy. This approach utilizes photosensitizers like Porphyrin Phospholipid (PoP) and Doxorubicin (Dox) to enable phototriggered drug release and targeted tumor destruction. In this study, we present the development and validation of a wide-field laparoscopic spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) system, designed to improve intraoperative quantitative fluorescence imaging and monitoring of PoP photobleaching, a PDT-driven effect for tumor destruction, and light-activated Dox release, which facilitates targeted chemotherapeutic drug delivery in an ovarian cancer model. Compared to previous flexible endoscopic imaging methods, our laparoscopic SFDI system offers enhanced spatial coverage, enabling accurate wide-field optical property quantification in minimally invasive surgical settings. Using this system, we performed quantitative fluorescence imaging in vivo to obtain absolute concentrations of PoP and Dox fluorescence, correcting for tissue absorption and scattering effects. This capability allows for precise assessment of PoP photobleaching and Dox release kinetics with improved spatial resolution. Fluorescence imaging revealed a significant reduction in PoP concentration in tumor regions post-illumination, demonstrating the PDT-mediated photobleaching effect and successful light-triggered drug release activation for chemo-induced tumor destruction. The ability to differentiate PoP and Dox fluorescence in a laparoscopic system underscores its potential for real-time intraoperative monitoring of CPT efficacy. These findings establish wide-field laparoscopic SFDI as a promising tool for guiding minimally invasive photodynamic therapy and targeted drug delivery in clinical settings.
Unveiling unknowns in flow slide mobility of high-end mine waste dumps using Bishop pore pressure coefficient and dynamic rheological models
Authors: Arrieta Marco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The high mobility of flow slides in coal mine waste dumps poses significant challenges to stability and operational safety. This paper investigates the factors contributing to extreme mobility in flow slides, focusing on the role of the basal bed friction coefficient, pore pressure, and path geometry. A database of 46 flow slide events was analyzed, utilizing the Bishop pore pressure coefficient to quantify undrained conditions and Voellmy rheology to model dynamic behavior. The results demonstrate that mobility is strongly influenced by basal shear resistance, with coefficients below 0.15 associated with extreme runout distances. Path aperture (a) is identified as a key factor affecting flow velocity and turbulence, where narrower paths amplify chaotic behavior, accelerating mobility. Findings based on the statistical analysis of these events reveal that mobility increases linearly with pore pressure coefficients (ru ) above 0.18, then shifts to an exponential trend when ru exceeds 0.40, indicating a heightened likelihood of liquefaction. These results offer practical guidelines for assessing mobility in waste dumps, emphasizing the interplay between pore pressure, path geometry, and basal friction. A new perspective on integrating field-measurable parameters into predictive models is presented, providing tools for proactive risk management in active mining operations. The methods and outcomes are applicable to a wide range of mine sites, supporting broader improvements in stability assessments and design practices.
Machine Learning Investigation of Electroporation of Cell Clusters in Cancer Therapy Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference and Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Mirshahi Salim , Sazgarnia Ameneh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Exposing biological cells to an external electric field results in an induced transmembrane voltage (ITV) on the cell membrane, which, under the right conditions may result in reversible permeabilization. This process, called electroporation, has been used to deliver drugs during cancer therapy, DNA transfection or transformation, direct transfer of plasmids between cells and gene therapy. Given the broad importance of these applications, fundamental understanding and optimization of electroporation is critically needed. Towards this goal, this work utilizes machine learning techniques to study the influence of cell-cell interactions on ITV during electropermeabilization. In the first part of the study, the ITV of a cell positioned at the center of a cell cluster is studied. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model combined with finite-element simulations is used to develop a tool to predict the electroporated cell surface area (ECSA) without the need for cumbersome measurements or time-intensive simulations. The finite-element simulations were used to compute the electric potential distribution in the media during electroporation of a single cell or cluster of cells. This approach is shown to be able to accurately predict the ECSA during electroporation. Results indicate that the packing ratio (PR) of the cell cluster plays a key role in determining the ITV, particularly when the PR is less than 3. The sensitivity is much reduced for larger values of PR. The ANFIS model showed a 96.6% coefficient of determination and 1.46 root mean square error, showing that the ANFIS model is a reasonably accurate and robust approach for prediction of ECSA. A key result from this work is that a higher amplitude of AEF is needed to have higher ECSA when PR decreases. Insights gained from this work may contribute towards investigating other types of cancer with various cell densities with the aim of determining optimal electric field parameters.
«Патриотические европейцы против исламизацииЕвропы» (ПЕГИДА): британская версия
Authors: Щербаков В.Ю. 
Published: February 2025

Появившееся в Дрездене движение ПЕГИДА быстро распространилось на всю Федеративную республику, став значимым фактором политической жизни страны. К основным причинам появления ПЕГИДА следует отнести специфическую историю территории бывшей ГДР и социально-экономическую ситуацию в данном регионе. Успех антиисламского движения заставил обратить на себя внимание правых радикалов всех оттенков практически во всех странах Западной Европы, а также в США и Канаде. Не осталась в стороне и Великобритания. Создателем ПЕГИДА в Соединённом королевстве стал лидер малоизвестной организации «Английская лига обороны» Томми Робинсон. Однако, несмотря на миграционный кризис, охвативший всю Европу, британский филиал ПЕГИДА так и не смог стать по-настоящему влиятельным в стране и привлечь на свою сторону значительную часть населения, опираясь преимущественно на футбольных хулиганов.
The PEGIDA movement from Dresden quickly spread throughout the Federative Republic and became a significant factor in the political life of the country. The main reasons for the appearance of PEGIDA are the specific history of the territory of the former GDR and the socio-economic situation in this region. The success of the anti-Islamic movement has attracted the attention of right-wing radicals in almost all countries of Western Europe, the United States and Canada. Great Britain also did not stand aside. The founder of PEGIDA in the United Kingdom was the leader of the little-known organization “English Defense League” Tommy Robinson. However, despite the migration crisis that swept across Europe, the British branch of PEGIDA was never able to become truly influential in the country and could not attract a significant part of the population. This organization in Britain rely mainly on football hooligans.
«Акт о владениях и доходах ирландской церкви»1833 года: интеллектуалы партии тори и церковная политика британских консерваторов в первой половине 30-х годов XIX века
Authors: Клочков В.В. 
Published: February 2025

Рассматривается религиозная ситуация в Ирландии первой трети XIX в. и положение Объединенной церкви Англии и Ирландии в этот период. Исследуется роль и значение ирландского кризиса 1832–1833 гг. и позиция партии тори по отношению к нему. Изучается роль Роберта Пиля и Уильяма Шоу Мэйсона в разрешении ирландского кризиса 1832–1833 гг. Анализируется текст The Irish Church Temporalities Act 1833 г. и парламентские дебаты в ходе его принятия. Показывается значение парламентской сессии 1833 г. в становлении принципов «разумного консерватизма» Р. Пиля.
The religious situation in Ireland of the first third of the XIX century is examined in the issue as well as the position of the United Church of England and Ireland in the mentioned period. The role and significance of the Irish crisis of 1832–1833 and the position of the Tory party towards this turmoil is estimated. William Shaw Mason's role in resolving of the Irish crisis of 1832–1833 is also taken into consideration. A kind of special attention is given to the analysis of the text of the Irish Church Temporalities Act of 1833 and parliamentary debates upon it. The significance of the parliamentary session of 1833 in the formation of R. Peel's «reasonable conservatism» and Mason's role in it is also examined.
Сэр Роберт Манселл, казначей Военно-морского совета1604–1618 годов: новый тип служащего?
Authors: Гаврилов С.Н. 
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена сэру Роберту Манселлу, казначею Военно-морского совета (Совета по морским делам) 1604–1618 гг. За 12 лет службы он, используя патронаж короля и лорда-адмирала, превратил Совет в высокодоходное коррупционное предприятие, основанное на патронатных связях. Комиссия по расследованию 1618 года обнаружила многочисленные злоупотребления в работе Военно-морского совета. В результате Комиссия заменила Совет и управляла сама флотом до конца 1620-х годов. Роберт Манселл потерял свое влияние и власть. Возможно, такие серьезные последствия для действий, ранее считавшихся вполне обыденным явлением, были первым случаем в истории флота. Среди многочисленных причин громких последствий деятельности Роберта Манселла, имя которого в истории стало синонимом слова «коррупция», автор обращает внимание на одну, не столь заметную, но не менее важную. Эта причина связана с постепенной трансформацией отношения общества к службе, что являлось неотъемлемой составляющей процесса становления Etat Moderne.
The article is devoted to sir Robert Mansell, being the treasurer of the Navy Board (Council for marine causes) in 1604–1618. During the 12 years of his service, he uses the patronage of the king and Lord Admiral, turned the Council into a highly profitable corruption enterprise based on patronage ties. The Commission for an enquiry of 1618 found numerous abuses in the work of the Navy Board. As a result, the Commission had replaced the Board and run the Navy itself until the late 1620s. Robert Mansell has lost his influence and power. Perhaps such serious consequences for actions that were previously considered quite ordinary were the first case in the history of the fleet. Among numerous reasons for such a high-profile consequence of the activities of Robert Mansell, which name in history has become synonymous with the word “corruption”, the author draws attention to one, not so noticeable, but no less important. This reason is associated with the gradual transformation of the attitude of society towards service, being a part of the emergence of Etat Moderne.
Образы персидских шаховв английских травелогах XVIII века
Authors: Мигаль А.С. 
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена образу персидских правителей в травелогах английских путешественников XVIII века. Автор анализирует основные стереотипы о шахах как деспотических правителях, происхождение этих представлений, механизмы репрезентации и распространения. Большое внимание уделяется «Истории» Геродота и его влиянию на концепцию «восточного деспотизма».
The article is dedicated to the image of Persian rulers in narratives of English travelers of XVIIIthcentury. The author analyses key characteristics of shahs as despotic rulers, their origin and mechanisms of representation and dissemination. Much attention is paid to «The Histories» of Herodotus and its impact on concept of «Eastern despotism».
Генрих Перси, 6-й граф Нортумберленди его роль в умиротворении англо-шотландскогопограничья во второй половине 1520-х годов
Authors: Бельцер А.А. 
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена деятельности Генри Перси, 6-го графа Нортумберленда в качестве стража Среднего и Восточного пограничья в конце 1520-х годов. В условиях провала пограничной администрации в подавлении разбойничьих набегов Уильяма Лайла, Корона вынуждена была обратиться за помощью к представителю могущественной семьи Перси. Став стражем пограничья, Генри Перси использовал авторитет и влияние своей семьи в графстве для решения задач, поставленных перед ним королевской администрацией. Благодаря этому, удалось прекратить набеги Лайла, усмирить жителей Тайндейла и Риддесдейла. Деятельность графа демонстрирует возможности сотрудничества Короны и магната в тюдоровской Англии.
The article is devoted to the Henry Percy’s, 6th Earl of Northumberland activities, as a warden of the Middle and East Marches in the late 1520s. Amid the failure of the border administration in suppressing the robber raids of William Lisle, the Crown was forced to ask for help from a member of the powerful Percy family. As a warden of the marches, Henry Percy used the authority and influence of his family in the shire to solve the tasks assigned to him by the royal administration. Thanks to this, it was possible to stop Lisle's raids, to pacify the inhabitants of Tynedale and Redesdale. The Earl’s activities demonstrate the possibilities of Crown — Nobility Cooperation in Tudor England.