bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of the surface static displacements and fault plane slip for the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake
Authors: Slade Martin A. , Lyzenga Gregory A. , Raefsky Arthur 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of geodetic and seismological results for the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake is approached using three-dimensional finite element modeling techniques. The displacements and stresses are calculated elastically throughout the modeled region. The vertical elastic structure in the model is derived from compressional and shear wave velocities as used in the seismic data analysis (Fuis et al., 1981) combined with a sediment density profile. Two strategies for applying initial conditions are followed in this modeling. In the first strategy, a sample seismological estimate for fault plane slip is used to predict the resultant surface motions. We show that the geodetic strain results over distances of tens of kilometer from the fault (Snay et al., 1982) are basically consistent with the model seismic fault displacements. Geodetic results from within a few kilometers of the fault trace (Mason et al., 1981) seem to require more slip at shallow depths than appears at seismic time scales. This is consistent with the occurrence of aftercreep at shallow depths in less well-consolidated material, which would bring surface displacements into line with maximum slip at depth, but not greatly affect the net moment.
In the second strategy, we consider stresses on the fault plane, rather than displacements, as model variables. To constrain this part of our numerical modeling, we assume that the fault driving stress is governed by ambient tectonic stress and an opposing Coulomb friction derived from experiment. The coseismic stress drop from point to point on the failed fault is given by the difference between the tectonic shear stress and the frictional stress. After arriving at such a uniform model which adequately represents the Snay et al. results, we further modify a small region near the seismic “asperity” to make the fault plane motions qualitatively and quantitatively resemble the model of coseismic motions used in the first strategy. The observed offset on the fault trace (Sharp et al., 1982) is approximated in this final stress-driven model by removing the driving stress on the southern third of the fault.
Thus, the principal features of the coseismic slip pattern are explained by a stress-driven fault model in which: (a) a spatially unresolved asperity is found equivalent to a stress drop of 18 MPa averaged over an area of 15 km2, and (b) driving stress is essentially absent on the fault segment overlapping the 1940 earthquake rupture zone.
A one-parameter expression of seismicity patterns in space and time
Authors: Matsumura Shozo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA technique to express changes in seismicity patterns by means of an objective criterion has been investigated. A parameter v2=(Δ¯)2/Δ¯2, where Δ is the distance between two adjacent earthquakes in space and time, was derived on the basis of the Weibull distribution function. This parameter can be related to an apparent interaction in the earthquake sequences and used to monitor changes of the seismicity patterns which may reflect the state of the crustal stress. The patterns are classified as regular, completely random, and clustered according to the value of v2.The technique was applied to the U.S. Geological Survey microearthquake catalog for central California. A total of 9740 earthquakes (M ≧ 1.5) was selected from along the 250-km-long creeping zone of the San Andreas and Calaveras faults for the period 1971 to 1981. The seismicity pattern was found to be generally a combination of highly clustered ones overlapped with a background, which was characterized as almost random or slightly clustered.
Acceptance Ratio Analysis: An Early Fault Indicator for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Shukor Fatin Azirah Mohd. , Zainuddin Hedzlin , Muhammad Nurmalessa , Khir Farah Liyana Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the Acceptance Ratio (AR) analysis for three different grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) systems working under the Malaysia tropical climate. AR is a ratio between actual AC power, PAC_actual, and predicted AC power, PAC_predicted. According to Malaysian Standard MS2692:2020,the AR value must â‰¥ 0.9 to classify as accepted in testing and commissioning test. In contrast, a rate < 0.9 indicates a non-accepted GCPV system. Historical data of the AC power output, solar irradiance, and module temperature from January 1 to December 31, 2019, were used for the analysis. The analysis procedure was carried out using Matlab and Microsoft Excel software. The analysis covers the AC power analysis and the AR analysis based on the threshold of 0.9. The plotted monthly AC power graph shows that all systems have lower than 15 % differences between actual and predicted AC power. On the AR analysis, System 1 was found to show early fault indicator with a monthly cumulative percentage of AR < 0.9 ranges from 34 % to 71 %, meanwhile System 2 and System 3 have a lower cumulative percentage of AR < 0.9 ranges from 5 % to 19 %. This result suggested that only System 2 and 3 are fault-free GCPV systems and working in good condition. The outcome of this study has succeeded in providing preliminary AR analysis results for three GCPV systems located in Malaysia. This study would help to evaluate AR threshold reliability to indicate an early fault of a GCPV system.
[RETRACTED] An Approach to Optimize the Design of Ultrasonic Transducer for Food Dehydration
Authors: Nguyen Hay , Nguyen Ngoc-Phuong , Nguyen Xuan-Quang , Le Anh-Duc 
Published: July 2021

==========================================================Available online: 30 June 2021This article has been retracted by International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology Editorial team, following clear correspondence and confirmation with authors.The article contained redundant material, the editor investigated and found that the paper published in Computational Intelligence Methods for Green Technology and Sustainable Development. GTSD 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1284. Springer, Cham. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62324-1_35, URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-62324-1_35, entitled "An Approach to Optimize the Design of Ultrasonic Transducer for Food Dehydration".The paper is retracted from 30 November 2021.==========================================================Ultrasound-assisted air-drying is considered a useful method to reduce drying time and ensure some agricultural food products' quality. In this study, a practical design method of an Ultrasonic Transducer (UT), which is in the form of a circular stepped-plate, was developed by using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The numerical calculation is carried out for two different geometric dimensions of the stepped-plate. Based on the obtained results, the smaller UT dimensions were chosen, and its prototypes were fabricated. The prototype's measured resonance frequency is 19.927 kHz compared to calculations getting an error of 0.073 kHz (0.37%). Also, to evaluate the effects of ultrasound on a drying process, the UT is integrated into a heat-pump drying machine for drying foods. The experiments were carried out on Codonopsis javanica using heat-pump drying method at air temperature 45 ± 0.5 °C, air humidity 18-20 %, air velocity 0.5 ± 0.1 m/s with and without ultrasonic intensity while keeping all other conditions and parameters constant. The results showed that the total drying time was reduced in the range of 25% to 42% depending on ultrasonic intensity, compared to heat-pump drying without ultrasonic intensity. The color of the dried products is also considered to testify the quality of the product when using UT in drying processes. The obtained results prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach in design of the UT for food dehydration.
ENTRE MIASMAS E O ANOPHELES: UMA BREVE HISTÓRIA DA MALÁRIA NO ALVORECER DA REPÚBLICA EM MANAUS (1898-1904)
Authors: Silva Márcio de Carvalho e , Barbosa Keith Valéria de Oliveira 
Published: July 2021

Os primeiros anos de República em Manaus foram movimentados devido às alterações significativas na paisagem da cidade, como a construção e o nivelamento de ruas e o aterro de igarapés. Esses acontecimentos foram propiciados graças ao acúmulo de capital advindo da comercialização do látex, a ponto de a cidade ficar conhecida como a “Paris dos Trópicos”, dada o cosmopolitismo que a cidade assumira com a economia da borracha. Ao mesmo tempo em que se expandiu enquanto cidade, Manaus também assistiu a expansão de doenças como a malária, esta que protagonizou sucessivas epidemias no período da Belle Époque. No presente artigo iremos abordar como a doença ganhou uma visibilidade diferenciada em relação à época provincial, destacando-se nos relatórios de autoridades sanitárias e dos governantes no alvorecer da República em Manaus. Para tanto utilizaremos a técnica da análise de discursos de modo a verificar as mudanças e permanências no entendimento sobre a doença entre 1898 e 1904. Ao mesmo tempo, iremos verificar como o recrudescimento da doença na cidade traz, à reboque, novos embates entre os médicos amazonenses em relação à etiologia e à transmissão da moléstia, isto é, a partir da ideia do mosquito enquanto vetor nos primeiros anos do século XX.
Abastecimiento de alimentos de la agricultura familiar en la alimentación escolar durante la pandemia por COVID-19: desafíos y reflexiones a partir de una experiencia local en Costa Rica
Authors: Zúñiga-Escobar Marianela , Rodríguez González Shirley , Dumani Echandi Marcela 
Published: July 2021

En las últimas dos décadas Costa Rica avanzó, tanto jurídica como institucionalmente, en la articulación de acciones para vincular el abastecimiento institucional de alimentos producidos por la agricultura familiar con la alimentación escolar. En el 2020 la pandemia por la COVID-19 marcó la pauta del abastecimiento alimentario, sugiriendo nuevas estrategias para su ejecución. El objetivo de este artículo es describir los principales desafíos del proceso de abastecimiento de alimentos producidos por la agricultura familiar en la alimentación escolar durante el 2020 en el Cantón de Coto Brus, Costa Rica. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo que incluyó revisión documental y la sistematización de siete mesas de diálogo con actores locales y nacionales. En el contexto de la pandemia, se intensificaron ciertos desafíos como: la articulación multinivel y la participación; la asistencia técnica; la regionalización, producción y consumo local; la participación de la población joven y de la agricultura familiar, y la situación de precios y sistemas de pago.Palabras claveAbastecimiento institucional de alimentos, agricultura familiar, alimentación escolar.
Ritual Domestikasi Padi Lokal dalam Budaya Sasak-Lombok
Authors: Saharudin Saharudin 
Published: July 2021

The rice plant for Indonesia, especially in Lombok, is considered unique, not only as a production crop but also as a sacred plant. From the process of planting to harvesting, this plant is treated specially with rituals with religious nuances. This study aims to describe the socio-cultural symptoms of local rice domestication rituals among traditional farmers in Lombok. Based on this description, it is hoped that the views, knowledge, values, and rules will become the reference for the behavior of the rural Sasak people as growers of local rice types. The approach used to achieve this goal is a phenomenological approach. Primary data of this study were obtained through in-depth interviews (structured and non-structured to informants) and participatory observation. The results showed that the local rice domestication ritual is a form of awareness of the cultural-religious views of the local community by combining local knowledge and religious knowledge (Sufistic teachings, as represented in the mantra of planting rice and the concept of pare anak iwoq or orphan rice in pare pemol or rice starter/marker) as a manifestation of the awareness of the Supreme Being and the cosmos. This awareness of the Supreme Being and the universe becomes a reference for local farmers in their behavior, especially in agriculture. With these two types of consciousness, they are guided and directed toward safety, security, and balance.
The Crucial of Students’ Self-Actualization in Teacher Talk Framework to Increase the Students Speaking Skill
Authors: Haqiqiyah Muflihatun 
Published: July 2021

Every teacher should have an appropriate teaching method, including speaking. One of the indispensable parts of foreign language teaching, especially in speaking skills, is teacher talk. Students need teacher talk that is elaborated with the entire self-actualization in increasing their speaking skill. The research was intended to know how the teacher talk's theoretical framework used by the teacher to increase students self-actualization in speaking performance. This research was descriptive qualitative research because it described teacher talk between the teacher and students in the classroom. The data collection instruments were observation and interview. This research showed that students are more active in expressing their ideas, and the classroom was more harmonious. Some of them also were more confident to convey information to the teacher without asked. It can be concluded that teacher talk is essential in increasing self-actualization to get better performance in speaking English.
Boosted PTS Method with Mu-Law Companding Techniques for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems
Authors: Ibraheem Zeyid , k Kawakib , Fazea Yousef , Madi Mohammed , Mohammed Fathey , Ali Abdulrazzaq Qasem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Perpendicular rate of recurrence splitting up a group of numeral television or radio channels that are mixed together for broadcast Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing which can be a potential diffusion method for elevating the transmission capacity of the communication systems. In spite of the significance of OFDM, the primary issue of the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which augments communication system complications, reduces the effectiveness of the communication system, resulting in low performance of bit-error-rate (BER), and making OFDM perceptive toward non-linear distortion within a broadcast. Various techniques were projected for treating PAPR issues, inclusive of partial transmit sequence (PTS) which captivated great interest. Thus, this paper proposed a hybrid method inclusive of a boosted PTS scheme with Mu-law compressing and expanding approach. The PTS approach was boosted through boosting its sub-block partitioning scheme, the place where the aggrandized partitioning scheme consolidated a conventional interleaved partitioning into an adjacent partitioning scheme. The present merger concerning Mu-Law characteristic in time domain for PAPR reduction in OFDM fundamentally boosts PAPR diminution performance. Accordingly, though the simulated pseudorandom sub-block partition method improved PAPR diminution supplementary further than other sub-block partition schemes appertaining to conventional PTS, while maintaining low computational complexity. The findings show that the boosted PTS scheme with Mu-law expanding approach, whilst upholding low computational complexity, achieves considerably superior to the pseudorandom partitioning PTS with regard to various type of modulation format and subcarriers.
The effects of Glucose and Ascorbic acid on in vitro development of Echinococcus granulosus Metacestodes
Authors: Sajadi Seyede Sogand , Haniloo Ali , Nadri Samad , Torabi Negin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus-developed metacestodes in the cultured medium are used for the assessment of its susceptibility to different compounds; however, this procedure is time-consuming and risky. In the present study, aspirated protoscoleces from the infected sheep were used to evaluate the effects of glucose, as an energy source, as well as ascorbic acid, as an antioxidant vitamin, on larval development. Protoscoleces were maintained in RPMI1640 culture media containing 10% fetal calf serum, as well as different concentrations of glucose (6 and 8 mg/ml) and ascorbic acid (25, 50, and 100 µg/ml). A culture medium containing 4 mg/ml of glucose was served as the control. Larger cysts were achieved in a shorter time from the medium enriched with 6 mg/ml of glucose (740 ± 20 µm) compared to the control group (420 ± 40 µm). However, in the groups treated with ascorbic acid, the number of cysts was higher in 100 µg/ml (32.5 ± 0.7) compared to the control group (12.5 ± 0.7). Additionally, the mature cysts were achieved on the 7th day of cultivation with 100 µg/ml of ascorbic acid compared to 18 days in the control group.
Design of Dual Mode AVA with Enhanced Radiation Characteristics
Authors: N Sathishkumar , V Nandalal , Natarajan Rajesh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dual mode antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) with narrowband to wideband switching is proposed in this work. The antenna has the footprint of 60 mm x 40 mm x 1.6 mm and FR-4 substrate used for fabrication. The antenna exhibits 8.3 GHz bandwidth in wideband mode with a peak gain of 6.9 dBi and 1.6 GHz bandwidth in narrowband mode with a peak gain of 7 dBi. The simulations are performed using CST full wave simulator and the results are compared with the reference antenna of the same dimensions. PIN diodes are implemented to achieve the frequency switching. The working principle of the antenna is explained through simulation and verified through measurements.
HybridFaceMaskNet: A Novel Face-Mask Detection Framework Using Hybrid Approach
Authors: sadhukhan Mrinmoy , Bhattacharya Indrajit 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19 ) is a contiguous disease which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2(SARAS-2) started from Wuhan, china, and spread all over the world within a few months in 2019. Government of all countries had to apply lockdown to decrease the number of aﬀected patient as mortality rate of many countries became very high at that time. In the awake of 2nd wave of COVID 19 WHO has made mandatory to use mask in largely crowded areas, health centers, communities and in diﬀerent places to prevent spread of virus. Many countries have invented the vacancies but it will ﬁrstly available for corona front line warriors only, not for general people, So, people have to wear mask when they are going out from home. But In recent days it can be followed that people are reluctant to wear mask when they are entering in oﬃces, departmental stores or local shops where, gathering might happen anytime. This could lead to spread of COVID-19 among the communities. With the help of computer-vision, people who are not wearing mask can be detected by generating an alarm signal. To achieve this challenging task, a face mask detector ‘HybridFaceMaskNet’ is proposed, which is a combination of classical Machine Learning and deep learning algorithm. ‘HybridFaceMaskNet’ can achieve state-of-art accuracy on public faces. The real challenges are the low-quality images, diﬀerent distances of people from camera and dynamic lighting on the faces at daylight or in artiﬁcial light.This problem can be overcome by using diﬀerent noise removal techniques. HybridFaceMaskNet is trained with three diﬀerent classiﬁcation of images ‘proper-mask’, ‘incorrect-mask’ and ‘no-mask’ which are collected from real life images and some synthetic data , to generate alarm for diﬀerent scenario .This HybridFaceMaskNet is trained on Google Colab and is compared with diﬀerent existing face mask detector model. There is a possibility of deploy the model in IOT devices as it is light weight compare to other existing models.
Multi-Label Feature Selection Method Based on Dynamic Weight
Authors: Zhang Ping , Sheng Jiyao , Gao Wanfu , Hu Juncheng , Li Yonghao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multi-label feature selection attracts considerable attention from multi-label learning. Information-theory based multi-label feature selection methods intend to select the most informative features and reduce the uncertain amount of information of labels. Previous methods regard the uncertain amount of information of labels as constant. In fact, as the classification information of the label set is captured by features, the remaining uncertainty of each label is changing dynamically. In this paper, we categorize labels into two groups: one contains the labels with few remaining uncertainty, which means that most of classification information with respect to the labels has been obtained by the already-selected features; another group contains the labels with extensive remaining uncertainty, which means that the classification information of these labels is neglected by already-selected features. Feature selection aims to select the new features with highly relevant to the labels in the second group. Existing methods do not distinguish the difference between two label groups and ignore the dynamic change amount of information of labels. To this end, a Relevancy Ratio is designed to clarify the dynamic change amount of information of each label under the condition of the already-selected features. Afterwards, a Weighted Feature Relevancy is defined to evaluate the candidate features. Finally, a new multi-label Feature Selection method based on Weighted Feature Relevancy (WFRFS) is proposed. The experiments obtain encouraging results of WFRFS in comparison to six multi-label feature selection methods on thirteen real-world data sets.
Floristic, Structure, and Regeneration of Woody Species in Bola Wanche Forest of Humbo Carbon Project, Wolaita, Ethiopia
Authors: Kuma Markos , Shibru Simon 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe forest resources of the Humbo Carbon Project have ecological and environmental problems such as soil degradation, soil erosion and alteration of natural resources are some of the negative effects resulting from the destruction of forests Our present study was carried out to investigate regeneration status and dynamics of populations of woody species in Bola Wanche forest of Humbo Carbon Project Wolaita zone, Ethiopia. Methods and ResultsThirty-two (20m x 20m) plots were laid at an interval of 100m to collect vegetation data. In each plot, five 1m 2 quadrats were laid to assess regeneration status. DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) of each woody species with DBH ≥2.5cm was measured. Altitude, aspect and slope of each plot were recorded. Among 61 woody species representing 56 genera and 35 families, Syzygium guineense and Dodonaea angustifolia were the most dominant. There was significant difference in the dominance (p < 0.0001) of species between plots. Inverted J-shape and bell-shape population distribution patterns were recognized. The regeneration phase was dominated by D. angustifolia. Only 36% of the species in matured vegetation was represented in seedling phase. Environmental factors considered in this study were not influenced abundance of species and individuals between plots. But when dominant species evaluated separately, altitude had significant influence on abundance of S. guineense and Combretum molle while aspect on C. molle and Terminalia schimperiana. But no factor had influenced abundance of D. angustifolia. ConclusionThe study concluded the abundance and dominance of few families and species, prevalence of small size populations and fair regeneration of forest. This may indicate that the forest is in its early secondary successional stage and need high intention of conservation and management.