bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors and Prognostic Models for Early Discharge Planning of Hospitalized Acute Geriatric Patients, A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hoppe Annette , Hoppe Bernhard 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Motivation: When treated for an acute disorder, older adults are vulnerable for functional losses and the need of care after discharge. In a specialised geriatric ward, patients get a comprehensive treatment complementary to medical care in order to maintain and improve mobility and activities of daily living (ADL) to facilitate the return to domesticity. The aim of this paper is to identify the relevant predictors for the impact of geriatric treatment on the status at discharge, which are then used in logistic models to predict a patient’s potential to reach a certain level of independence during treatment.Method: In a retrospective cohort study with 580 patients, we analysed the impact of acute geriatric early rehabilitation on the functional outcome after treatment. As a sufficient improvement of ADLs and mobility we defined as a suitable endpoint at least 60 Barthel Points (ADL) and the ability for „Timed-Up-and-Go-Test“(TUG) when discharged from acute hospital care. To identify relevant predictors in the set of the screening assessments at admission we used linear and logistic regressions as well as odds-ratios. Multivariate logistic models are used to predict the probability that at patient reaches the endpoint. Their predictive quality is tested on additional 120 test patients from a different cohort. Results: Statistical analysis shows that all patients improved during early rehabilitation significantly in ADLs and the physical function (TUG). Barthel-Score, walking distance and handgrip on admission are the strongest predictors for the outcome after geriatric treatment. Logistic models predict the outcome correctly in 70% to 80% of the cases. These models once established for a certain cohort of patients can be applied with similar accuracy to different sets of patients as well. Clinical condition, the medical treatment before admission, length of hospitalization, age or gender have no predictive quality.Discussion: We were able to show that all patients benefit significantly from early rehabilitation in an acute geriatric ward. Only a few assessments on admission related to physical function are sufficient to indicate the functional outcome after geriatric treatment. Logistic models based on these predictors are reliable with a generic predictive quality for the expected level of independence at discharge. This facilitates early discharge planning.Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered on 2nd July 2018 by the ethic commission of the hospital und filed under registration number (MG1/569/770/2019).
Learning objectives, what’s to gain in bedside teaching?
Authors: Verkleij S.P.C. , Graaf I.M. de 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Bedside Teaching (BST) is defined as teaching in presence of a patient. Literature is not clear on learning objectives in BST. The aim of this study is to investigate what the learning objectives of students are and whether students meet their objective.
Methods

Prospective cohort study. Sixty-three 5th year medical students filled in questionnaires before and after BST regarding their learning objective and educational experience. IBM® SPSS® statistics version 26 was used for statistical analysis, we performed Pearson’s Chi-square, Mann Whitney U, Mc Nemer and Fisher’s exact.
Results

Most mentioned themes in objectives were clinical reasoning, physical examination and history taking. Students who chose an objective that matched with the patient/topic were more likely to meet their objective (48.9% n = 22 vs 88,2% n = 66, p = 0.000), were more satisfied (84.4% n = 38 vs 98.5% n = 67, p = 0.006) and experienced more knowledge gain (80% n = 36 vs 97.1% n = 66, p = 0.006).
Conclusions

Students setting their own achievable learning objective in advance within BST has positive influence on the educational experience of students.
Weaving a story: narrative formation over prolonged time scales relies on cortical cohesiveness of distributed brain networks
Authors: Assouline Amir , Mendelsohn Avi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Forming narratives are of key importance to human experience, as it allows one to render large portions of information into relatively compacted stories for future retrieval, and give meaning to otherwise fragmented occurrences. The neural mechanisms that underlie coherent narrative construction of causally-connected information over prolonged temporal periods are yet unclear. Participants in this fMRI study observed consecutive scenes from a full-length movie either in their original order, enabling causal inferences over time, or in reversed order, impeding the formation of coherent narratives. In between scenes, we presented short periods of blank screens for analysis of post-encoding processing. Using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) and inter-subject correlations, we aimed at exploring functional connections among brain networks that take part in enabling coherent narrative construction. We detected two separate networks that discerned between coherent and incoherent narrative conditions: a network associated with information processing, consisting of primary and high-order association cortices that showed increased functional connectivity among themselves, as well as a distributed fronto-parietal network. In addition, hippocampal activation was found to correlate with portions of the visual processing hierarchy in a time dependent manner, parallel to the unfolding of the narrative. We suggest that with the unfolding over time of causal relationships among presented scenes, top-down modulation of posterior association cortices and frontoparietal networks enables the integration and binding of incoming and previously acquired information to form coherent and concise narratives.
The portability of natural language processing methods to detect suicidality from unstructured clinical text in US and UK electronic health records
Authors: Cusick Marika , Velupillai Sumithra , Downs Johnny , Campion Thomas , Dutta Rina , Pathak Jyotishman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the global effort to prevent death by suicide, many academic medical institutions are implementing natural language processing (NLP) approaches to detect suicidality from unstructured clinical text in electronic health records (EHRs), with the hope of targeting timely, preventative interventions to individuals most at risk of suicide. Despite the international need, the development of these NLP approaches in EHRs has been largely local and not shared across healthcare systems. In this study, we developed a process to share NLP approaches that were individually developed at King’s College London (KCL), UK and Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), US - two academic medical centers based in different countries with vastly different healthcare systems. After a successful technical porting of the NLP approaches, our quantitative evaluation determined that independently developed NLP approaches can detect suicidality at another healthcare organization with a different EHR system, clinical documentation processes, and culture, yet do not achieve the same level of success as at the institution where the NLP algorithm was developed (KCL approach: F1-score 0.85 vs. 0.68, WCM approach: F1-score 0.87 vs. 0.72). Shared use of these NLP approaches is a critical step forward towards improving data-driven algorithms for early suicide risk identification and timely prevention.
Heterologous production of Hyaluronic Acid in Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots expressing a human Hyaluronan synthase 2
Authors: nazeri arezoo , Niazi Ali , Afsharifar Alireza , Taghavi Seyed Mohsen , Moghadam Ali , Aram Farzaneh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a unique polysaccharide with excellent physicochemical properties, is broadly used in pharmaceutical, biomedical, and cosmetic fields. It is widely present in all vertebrates, certain bacterial strains, and even viruses while it is not found in plants, fungi, and insects. HA is naturally synthesized by a class of integral membrane proteins called Hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS). Thus far, industrial production of HA is carried out based on either extraction from animal sources or large-scale microbial fermentation. The major drawbacks to using these systems are contamination with pathogens and microbial toxins. Recently, the production of HA through recombinant systems has received considerable attention. Plants are eco-friendly ideal expression systems for biopharmaceuticals production. In this research, the optimized human hyaluronic acid synthase2 (hHAS2) sequence was transformed into Nicotiana tabacum using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The highest hHAS2 production in the tobacco hairy roots was 65.72 ng/kg (wet weight). The extracted HA was verified and quantified by the HA ELISA kit. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of HA with the highest concentration of 0.56 g/kg (wet weight) showed the maximum activity of 46%. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) analyses revealed the high molecular weight HA with about > 0.8 MDa.
Gender Differences in Adverse Drug Events of Hydroxychloroquine: Analysis of Spontaneous Reports Submitted to&nbsp;FAERS
Authors: JI Huan-huan , SONG Lin , JIA Yun-tao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Several studies have investigated gender as a risk factor for the occurrence of adverse drug events (ADEs) and found that females are more likely to experience ADEs than male. Today, there is a poor knowledge about gender differences in safety profile of ADEs to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Identifying those gender differences in ADEs could reduce the experience of ADEs for patients with HCQ. Therefore, the aim of this explorative study was to investigate whether differences exist in reported ADEs of HCQ for male and female in the database of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods We performed a descriptive gender-related analysis and disproportionality analysis of HCQ safety data, obtained from the FAERS. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to quantify the signals of gender differences for specific drug-event combinations at system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) level. Results Disproportionality analysis indicated that 8 SOCs with 12 ADEs were statistically significantly more reported in female than male, including electrocardiogram Qt prolonged, retinal toxicity, musculoskeletal disorder, hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reaction, among others, and 5 SOCs with 11 ADEs were reported more in male than female, including cardiac failure, renal failure, completed suicidal, photosensitivity reaction. Common adverse events are similar between female and male. However, serious ADEs were more frequently reported in males. Conclusions Therefore, the recognition of gender differences in ADEs may be helpful in prescribing medications, e.g. greater caution should be taken when prescribing HCQ to female with conduction disorder.
Erectile Dysfunction Among Testicular Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2020
Authors: Kerie Sitotaw , Workineh Yinager , Semachew Ayele , Ayalew Emiru , Menberu Melak 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Erectile dysfunction is one of the common complications of testicular cancer with the prevalence of 11.3% to 84%. It has devastating effects on men and partner’s quality of life, sexual satisfaction, and sexual experience. The findings of the previous studies on this matter were uneven and inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted in order to acquire a more recent and comprehensive result. Methods and materials: PubMed, Scopus, Goggle scholar, Science Direct, African Index Medicus, African Journal online, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. All necessary data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 statistical software. A heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the I 2 statistics. Publication bias was checked by using a funnel plot and Egger's regression test. A random-effect model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction. Result: Fourteen full-text studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction among testicular cancer survivors was found to be 34.60% (95% CI: 25. 89, 43.30% [I 2 = 95.9%, p = 0.000]). Study design subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 50.02% (95% CI: 22.78, 77.28% [I 2 = 96.1, p = 0.000]) and 27.36. % (95% CI: 19.23, 34.48% [I 2 = 91.6, P = 0.000]) in the case control and cohort studies respectively. Likewise, the level of erectile dysfunction was varied based on erectile dysfunction measuring tools and testicular cancer treatment modalities. Conclusion: The pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction in testicular cancer survivors was found to be high. It had also a considerable discrepancy between the study designs, and measuring 3 tools and treatment modalities of testicular cancer. Therefore, there is a sound to diminish the high burden of this problem.
Searching for the Peak Google Trends and the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy
Authors: Brunori Paolo , Resce Giuliano , Serlenga Laura 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
One of the difficulties faced by policy makers during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy was the monitoring of the virus diffusion. Due to changes in the criteria and insufficient resources to test all suspected cases, the number of ‘confirmed infected’ rapidly proved to be unreliably reported by official statistics. We explore the possibility of using information obtained from Google Trends to predict the evolution of the epidemic. Following the most recent developments on the statistical analysis of longitudinal data, we estimate a dynamic heterogeneous panel. This approach allows to takes into account the presence of common shocks and unobserved components in the error term both likely to occur in this context. We find that Google queries contain useful information to predict number patients admitted to the intensive care units, number of deaths and excess mortality in Italian regions.
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Treatment in Acromegalic Patients with Diabetes - A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Zaina Adnan , Grober Yuval , Abid Ali , Arad Eldad , Golden Elena , Badarny Samih 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeDiabetes mellitus (DM) represents one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients with acromegaly. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) represent an important class for diabetes management. However, limited data is reported regarding the use of this class in patients with acromegaly and diabetes.Methods Reporting data regarding patients with acromegaly and diabetes under treatment with SGLT2i.Results 34 acromegalic patients with diabetes were identified. Treatment with SGLT-2i was documented in nine patients, out of them 5 females and 4 males with a mean age (SD) of 61± 12 yr. The mean (SD) duration of treatment with SGLT2i was 27.5 ± 7.3 months. Mean HbA1c before and after SGLT-2i initiation was 8.1 ± 1.1% and 7.0 ± 0.9% respectively. Mean IGF-1 level (SD) before SGLT-2i initiation was 177 ± 68 ng/mL and the mean GH level (SD) was 0.7 ± 0.5 µg/L. All nine patients are still under treatment with SGLT2i and none of them had reported any adverse reaction related to SGLT2i.Conclusions The present article provides us for the first time with new data regarding the use of SGLT2i among acromegalic patients with diabetes.
Climate change will threaten endemic frogs in the Araucaria Forests of South America
Authors: Calixto Pedro de Oliveira , Brum Fernanda Thiesen , Crivellari Lucas Batista , Moura Mauricio O 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Climate change threatens ecosystem dynamics and species with extinction. Endemic species with restricted geographic distribution are especially vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and land use. Using a geographic distribution modeling approach with two future projections in time (years 2050 and 2080), two scenarios (lowest and highest carbon emissions), and land use, we predicted the trends in changing climatic areas for the future geographic distributions of seven species of endemic frogs in the Araucaria Forest of southeastern Brazil. Our results indicate that all species will lose important fractions, from 35–100%, of their current climatically suitable areas over the next 50 years. The impact of land use, on average, was 76% on all climatically suitable areas. Refugia and climatically suitable areas for all species will tend to move south, towards the current southern and easternmost areas of Araucaria Forest. Only a small fraction (3–10%) of the remaining climatically suitable areas will be within conservation units. Thus, climate change will bring severe reduction in area, and the area will move further south, for these seven species of small, dispersal-limited, endemic frogs of the Atlantic Forest. Planning will be necessary to provide refugia in the near future to protect and save these species and their habitats.
Oscillating Wire Arc Additive Manufacture of Rocket Motor Bimetallic Conical Shell
Authors: He Tianying , Yu Shengfu , Yu RunZhen , Zheng Bo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the temperature field, dynamic strain and forming accuracy of the Oscillate-WAAM conical shell in the forming process and manufactures the WAAM conical shell part. The results show that compared with the offset filling WAAM, the oscillate-WAAM conical shell shows the following characteristics：the temperature difference value between the inner and outer walls of the shell is significantly reduced, the cooling rate doubled decreased, the interlayer temperature is above 300°C, as well as the average temperature gradient, the dynamic strain stability value and deformation are reduced by about 50%. Under the same process parameters, the travel speed of Oscillate-WAAM is low, which increased the heat input large and the interlayer temperature high. Meanwhile, the molten pool of Oscillate-WAAM is in consistent with the width of the shell. The molten pool simultaneous solidifying changes the stress state of printed shell form three-dimensional to two-dimensional. All above are conductive to stress release, and reduce the strain and deformation of components. The bimetallic rocket motor shell composed of HS600 and HS950 is manufactured by oscillate-WAAM. The section roundness of the shell is 0.31mm and the overall forming accuracy is ±0.625mm. The deposited metal in HS600 part of conical shell is composed of pearlite and pro-eutectoid ferrite. While the deposited metal of HS950 is composed of pearlite, acicular ferrite and bainite. The forming accuracy and mechanical properties of conical shell formed by Oscillate-WAAM meet the requirements.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Pollution Reduction Effect of Differentiated Coordinated Development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China
Authors: Xiong Li Xin , Ning Jia Jun , Dong Yun He , Dai Meng Meng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The pollution reduction effect of regional development could be analyzed more comprehensively from the perspectives of coordinated development and differentiated development. Based on the theory of regional coordinated development, this paper used panel data for cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, adopted the spatial autocorrelation method and spatial econometric model to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of environmental pollution emission, regional coordination and differentiated development degree in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, analyzed the impact of regional differentiated coordinated development on pollution emission reduction in local and surrounding cities, and discussed the spatial spillover effect of regional differentiated coordinated development on pollution emission and its boundary test. The results showed that (1) at the overall level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, coordinated regional development and differentiated regional development have significantly reduced pollution emissions and present complementary effects on pollution emission reductions; (2) an obvious spatial spillover effect was observed for the impact of regional coordinated and differential development on pollution reduction, a negative spatial spillover coefficient was observed for different urban economic circles, and an obvious inverted U-shaped trend occurred in the impact degree with increasing distance, with a 500 km range of urban economic circles considered a turning point; and (3) a heterogeneity test used the three major regions and sub-cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt to verify and analyze the impacts of regional coordinated and differential development on pollution emissions, which showed that there was obvious spatial heterogeneity at different levels. Based on the above results, policy suggestions for decreasing pollution emissions in the process of differentiated coordinated development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt were proposed.
Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Using Electrocoagulation Process Coupled With Powdered Activated Carbon
Authors: Sher Farooq , Iqbal Sania Zafar , Rasheed Tahir , Hanif Kashif , Sulejmanović Jasmina , Zafar Fatima , Lima Eder C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this research an electrochemical technique in combination with powdered activated carbon (PAC) for the removal of micropollutants by adsorption as an advanced stage purification step from effluents of pilot plant wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The effluents of sedimentation tank comprised of wastewater plus PAC (WWPAC). The pilot plant mainly consists of two parts; the first one consists of electrocoagulation (EC) reactor and the second consists of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) discs and electroflotation (EF) setup. The electrocoagulation (EC) reactor is a fiber box consisting of two chambers and thirty four plates of one material (either Fe or Al) on the whole in one EC reactor while one cell has seventeen plates. Both types of electrodes have been tested with the outflow of sedimentation tank. The outflow from the sedimentation tank has been entered into the EC reactor for the determination of EC reactor efficacy for the successful accomplishment of EC process at the designed pilot plant for WW treatment. The effect of different operational parameters; PAC dosage (20 mg), electrode nature (Fe and Al), current density (0.34–2.02 A/m2) has been studied to find out the optimum conditions. Sludge volume index (SVI) of the sludge, thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermal analyses (DTA) and particle size distribution (PSD) of the flocs generated after the EC process has also been studied. The turbidity, pH and conductivity of effluents before and after EC treatment has also been carried out. This pilot plant research gave promising results for future work in advance wastewater treatment direction.