bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring The Impact of Risk On LCOE(Levelized Cost of Energy) In Geothermal Technology
Authors: Langat Antony Kipkirui , Yoon Yongbeum , Park Soojin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Geothermal technology has a high level of uncertainty and, thus, requires thorough risk analysis for economic decisions. The Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) is a basic economic analysis widely used in determining an investment or energy mix. Many reputable institutions and government agencies provide LCOE, to which they apply different levels of discount rates to reflect project risk. It is a proxy for the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). Theoretically, determining whether using a higher discount rate for a risky project is appropriate in calculating LCOE has not been scrutinized. The purpose of this paper is to propose a certainty equivalent method of LCOE as an alternative way of reflecting risk. We present a theoretical background and formula based on the utility theory, improving the probabilistic LCOE estimation methodology of previous studies. We also perform scenario analysis to show how the LCOE with certainty equivalent model moves over the change of risk in major input factors, whereas traditional LCOE does not. Additionally, we suggest that the traditional LCOE should be used prudently, recognizing it can distort the result when an individual project has a different level of risk from the industry average.
Reconstruction of a Global Gene Regulatory Network for Streptomyces Coelicolor: Curation, Inference, and Assessment
Authors: Zorro-Aranda Andrea , Escorcia-Rodríguez Juan Miguel , González-Kise José Kenyi , Freyre-González Julio Augusto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) is a model microorganism for the study of Streptomycetes, antibiotic production, and secondary metabolism in general. However, little effort to globally study its transcription has been made even though S. coelicolor has an outstanding variety of regulators among bacteria. We manually curated 29 years of literature and databases to assemble a meta-curated experimentally-validated gene regulatory network (GRN) with 5386 genes and 9707 regulatory interactions (~41% of the total expected interactions). We performed network inference using several methods (including two proposed here) for motif detection in DNA sequences and GRN inference from transcriptomics to tackle network incompleteness, using a community integration approach to reduce false positives. Further, we contrasted the structural properties and functional architecture of the networks to assess the predictions’ reliability, finding the inference from DNA sequence data to be the most trustworthy. The inferences allowed us to identify putative novel transcription factors for key Streptomyces antibiotic regulatory proteins (SARPs). Finally, we studied the conservation of the system-level components between S. coelicolor and Corynebacterium glutamicum and identified the basal machinery as the common signature between the two organisms. The curated networks were deposited in Abasy Atlas (https://abasy.ccg.unam.mx/) while the inferences are available as supplementary material.
Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Jute/PLA Composites Containing Nano SiO2 Modified By Coupling Agents
Authors: Song Xueyang , Fang Cuicui , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Ping , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Although jute fibers-reinforced PLA composites shows strong application prospects, their low mechanical properties limit their applications to some extent. In this paper, nano-SiO2 particles as well as modified nano SiO2 by coupling agents which can efficiently improve the strength and toughness of composite materials are introduced into the PLA matrix. The bending, stretching and thermal properties of designed jute/PLA nonwoven composites were studied. The study shows that the nano-SiO2 particles are beneficial to the interface performance between the PLA matrix and jute leading to improvement in the mechanical property and thermal stability. Moreover, thermomechanical properties indicate that the addition of SiO2 can improve the jute/PLA interfacial adhesion and increase the glass transition temperature of the material. Finally, toughening mechanism of nano-SiO2 particles in the jute/PLA composite was analyzed.
Numerical Study On The Internal Irreversible Flow Loss of Single Screw Expanders
Authors: Shen Lili , Wu Yuting , Wang Wei , Lei Biao , Duan Wei , Zhi Ruiping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As a type of positive displacement expander, single screw expander (SSEs) can be widely applied in the energy storage systems and waste heat recovery field. The irreversible losses (such as leakage, flow, heat transfer, intake and exhaust pressure loss…) have great influence on the expander performance. However, irreversible flow loss in the expander is nearly impossible to investigate experimentally and theoretically. In this paper, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of SSE using mesh deformation approach was presented. The CFD model was validated by the experimental results. Field distribution of pressure, temperature and velocity of SSE were carried out. An energy loss factor based on entropy production principle was used to measure the irreversible flow (including leakage) loss. The energy loss caused by direct dissipation and turbulent fluctuation dissipation was compared. The energy loss of different region was investigated. Results show that energy loss of the turbulent dissipation is far more than that of direct dissipation. The energy loss factor decreases from 0.547 to 0.221 when the rotation speed changes from 2000rpm to 4000rpm. The shaft efficiency increases from 39.8% to 52.1% with the internal volume ratio from 3 to 5.
Cardio-ankle Vascular Index Is More Closely Associated Than Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity With Variables Predicting Future Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Saigusa Taro , Watanabe Kentaro , Hada Yurika , Ishii Kota , Kameda Wataru , Susa Shinji , Ishizawa Kenichi , Ishihara Hisamitsu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare the usefulness of arterial stiffness parameters, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), for evaluating future cardiovascular disease (CVD) in subjects with diabetes.Methods: The study subjects were 277 patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. All subjects were evaluated for vascular stiffness using CAVI (n = 154) or baPWV (n = 123). Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the Suita score were also measured because these are established risk factors for future CVD. Associations of both CAVI and baPWV with these established parameters were evaluated in all subjects, and then in 172 subjects with adjustment for covariates by using propensity score matching.Results: In all subjects, CAVI and baPWV correlated significantly with both IMT (r = 0.470, P < 0.001, and r = 0.256, P = 0.004, respectively) and the Suita score (r = 0.558, P < 0.001, and r = 0.360, P < 0.001, respectively). The correlation between CAVI and IMT was more significant than that between baPWV and IMT (Z = 2.03, P = 0.042).　Similarly, the correlation between CAVI and the Suita score was more significant than that between baPWV and the Suita score (Z = 2.07, P = 0.039). After adjustment by matching, significant correlations between CAVI and IMT (r = 0.459, P < 0.001) and between CAVI and the Suita score (r = 0.526, P < 0.001) were preserved, though only the association between baPWV and the Suita score was significant (r = 0.270, P = 0.011) while that between baPWV and IMT showed no significance. Again, CAVI showed a significantly stronger association with the Suita score than baPWV (Z = 1.99, P = 0.046).Conclusions: CAVI is more closely associated than baPWV with variables predicting future CVD in patients with diabetes.
Structure Features, Damage and Treatment of Two Pottery artifacts from Tel El-Shobak, Qalyubia, Egypt: Case Study
Authors: elghareb walid kamel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The research paper aims to identify structure features, damage and treatment of two pottery artifacts from Tell Al-Shobak in Qalyubia, "one of the archaeological sites dating back to new kingdom". Polarized Microscopy "PLM", Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy dispersive X-ray unit "SEM-EDX", X-Ray Diffraction analysis "XRD", and Differential thermal analysis "DTA" were adopted for investigating and analyzing pottery sherds. The research identified structure features proving that the used clay is Nile clay, the additives are sand, grog and calcite. The formation technique is potter wheel .The surface treatment is slip layer. The firing atmosphere is oxidizing. Firing temperature might be about 726.78°C The first pottery vessel and 737.80°C for the second pottery plate. Research also proved that pottery pieces suffer from various damage aspects such as soil deposits, stains, cracking, fracture, loss of some parts, lack of durability, weakness, and salt crystallization. The studied pottery pieces treated using mechanical cleaning method and chemical cleaning using a mixture of acetone and toluene at a ratio of 1:2 respectively to remove clay soil deposits. EDTA applied to remove lime deposits. Hydrogen peroxide20 % was used to remove soot. Nano Silica 1% was applied to strengthen archaeological pottery .Assembling the pottery sherds was done by Paralloid B72 50%. Replacement pottery sherds conducted by Microballoon and grog in a ratio of 2:1, respectively. After treatment, the pottery artifacts were ready for museum display.
Fully 3D Printed Flexible, Conformal and Multi-directional Tactile Sensor with Integrated Biomimetic and Auxetic Structure
Authors: Wei Yuyang , Li Bingqian , Domingos Marco , Zhu Yiming , Yan Lingyun , Ren Lei , Wei Guowu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Tactile sensors are instrumental for developing the next generation of biologically inspired robotic prostheses with tactile feedback. Despite significant advancements made in current sensing technology, several limitations still exist including the reduced sensing sensitivity under high pressure, lack of compliance of the planar sensor with working surfaces and the demand for sophisticated manufacturing processes. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using the 3D printing technology for the rapid and simple fabrication of a new conformal tactile sensor with an improved linear sensing range. The auxetic structure is integrated with a biomimetic inter-locked papilla feature which allows to detect multi-directional stimuli. Using the proposed design, the linear sensing range is extended to 0.5MPa and responsive to normal and shear forces with the sensitivities of 2.42KPa^(-1)and 2.20N^(-1) respectively. The proposed tactile sensor was printed on the fingertip of a prosthetic robotic hand to perform the sensorimotor control, or on the proximal femur head and lumbar vertebra for monitoring the bone-on-bone load. The results have shown promising application prospects of the proposed tactile sensor.
Mixed-Type Data Generation Method Based On Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Wei Ning , Wang Longzhi , Chen Guanhua , Wu Yirong , Sun Shuifa , Chen Peng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Data-driven based deep learing has become a key research direction in the field of artificial intelligence. Abundant training data is a guarantee for building efficient and accurate models. However, due to the privacy protection policy, research institutions are often limited to obtain a large number of training data, which would lead to a lack of training sets circumstance. In this paper, a mixed data generation model (mixGAN) based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) is proposed to synthesize fake data that have the same distribution with the real data, so as to supplement the real data and increase the number of available samples. The model first pre-trains the autoencoder which maps given dataset into a low-dimensional continuous space. Then, the Generator constructed in the low-dimension space is obtained by training it adversarially with Discriminator constructed in the original space. Since the constructed Discriminator not only consider the loss of the continuous attributes but also the labeled attributes, the generator nets formed by the Generator and the decoder can effectively learn the intrinsic distribution of the mixed data. We evaluate the proposed method both in the independent distribution of the attribute and in the relationship of the attributes, and the experiment results show that the proposed generate method has a better performance in preserve the intrinsic distribution compared with other generation algorithms based on deep learning.
Multimorbidity and adverse events of special interest associated with CoronaVac (Sinovac) and Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech)
Authors: Lai Francisco , Huang Lei , Chui Celine Sze Ling , Wan Eric , Li Xue , Wong Carlos King Ho , Chan Edward Wai Wa , Ma Tiantian , Lum Dawn Hei , Leung Janice Ching Nam , Luo Hao , Chan Esther Wai Yin , Wong Ian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We examined the potential additional risk of adverse events of special interest (AESI) within 28 days post-Covid-19 vaccination with CoronaVac or Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech) imposed by multimorbidity (2+ chronic conditions). Using a territory-wide public healthcare database with linkage to population-based vaccination records in Hong Kong, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic diseases. Thirty AESI according to World Health Organization’s Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety were examined. In total, 883,416 patients were included. During follow-up, 2,807 (0.3%) patients had AESI. Weighted Cox models suggested that vaccinated patients had lower risks of any AESI than those unvaccinated, that multimorbidity was associated with an increased risk regardless of vaccination status, and there was no significant effect modification of the association of vaccination with AESI by multimorbidity status. To conclude, we found no evidence that multimorbidity imposes extra risks of AESI within 28 days following Covid-19 vaccination.
Heterogeneous Strategies For Selective Conversion of Lignocellulosic Polysaccharides
Authors: Yuan Zhengqiu , Dai Wei , Zhang Shenghong , Wang Fengxin , Jian Jian , Zeng Jianxian , Zhou Hu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable carbon resource on earth, for which many efforts have been made to convert it using various chemocatalytic processes. Heterogeneously chemocatalytic conversion conducted based on reusable solid catalysts is the process with the greatest potential studied presently. This review provides insights into the representative achievements in the research area of heterogeneous chemical catalysis technologies for the production of value-added chemicals from lignocellulosic polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose). Popular approaches for the conversion of lignocellulosic polysaccharides into chemicals, including hydrolyzation (glucose, xylose and arabinose), dehydration (5-hydroxymethylfurfuran, furfural and levulinic acid), hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis (sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, 1,2-propylene glycol, ethlyene glycol and ethanol), selective oxidation (gluconic acid and lactic acid), have been comprehensively reviewed. However, technological barriers still exist, which have to be overcome to further integrate hydrolysis with the refinery processes based on multifunctional solid catalysts, and convert ligncellulosic polysaccharides into value-added fine chemicals. In general, the approaches and technologies are discussed and critically evaluated in terms of the possibilities and potential for further industrial implementation.
Profile of Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity, Markers of Collagen and Elastin Degradation and Remodeling During Pregnancy, Delivery, and Puerperium in Pelvic Organ Prolapse 3 Months After Childbirth
Authors: Priyatini Tyas , Santoso Budi Iman , Irianta Trika , . Herqutanto , Siregar Nuryati Chairani , Harahap Alida , Sadikin Mohamad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition that negatively impacts the quality of life of millions of women. Recent results indicate that a burst of elastic fiber assembly and cross-linking occurs in the vaginal wall postpartum and that synthesis and assembly of elastic fibers are crucial for the recovery of pelvic organ support after vaginal delivery.Methods: A total of 39 primigravida women with gestational age > 36 weeks who underwent vaginal delivery were included in this study. Blood and urine samples were taken for laboratory assessment including carboxyl-terminal telopeptide of the type I collagen (ICTP), procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP), procollagen type-III N-propeptide (PIIINP), desmosine, tropoelastin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). At 24 ˗ 48 hours after labor, the subject was observed in the treatment room and a second blood sample was taken for the examination. At 6 weeks post-partum, a third blood sample was taken for examination.Results: There was a significant relationship between serum MMP-9 levels six weeks post-partum in the pelvic floor dysfunction group and the control group (p = 0.025). In addition, a significant difference was also found in the different levels of MMP-9 (p = 0.041) and tropoelastin (p = 0.041) during delivery and 6 weeks after delivery. There was a significant difference between serum ICTP levels at delivery in the cystocele and control groups (p = 0.042), ICTP (p = 0.019) and tropoelastin (p = 0.046) levels also differ significantly during delivery and 6 weeks after delivery.Conclusion: ICTP, MMP-9, and tropoelastin are potential biomarkers in association with pelvic organ prolapse.
Development and Internal Validation of Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting the Risk of Surgical Site Infection Following Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Under Quadrant Channel
Authors: Wang Haosheng , Fan Tingting , Yang Bo , Lin Qiang , Li Wenle , Yang Mingyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Machine Learning (ML) is rapidly growing in capability and is increasingly applied to model outcomes and complications in medicine. Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common postoperative complication in spinal surgery. This study aimed to develop and validate supervised ML algorithms for predicting the risk of SSI following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) under the Quadrant channel.Methods: This single-central retrospective study included a total of 705 cases between May 2012 and October 2019. Data of patients who underwent MIS-TLIF under the Quadrant channel was extracted by the electronic medical record system. The patient’s clinical characteristics, surgery-related parameters, and routine laboratory tests were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen and identify independent risk factors for SSI. Then, the independent risk factors were imported into six ML algorithms, including k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), and Naïve Bayes (NB), to develop a prediction model for predicting the risk of SSI following MIS-TLIF under Quadrant channel. During the training process, 10-fold cross-validation was used for validation. Indices like the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (ACC) were reported to test the performance of ML models.Results: Among the 705 patients, SSI occurred in 33 patients (4.68%). The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that preoperative glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), estimated blood loss (EBL), preoperative albumin, body mass index (BMI), and age were all independent predictors of SSI. In predicting SSI, six ML models posted an average AUC of 0.60-0.80 and an ACC of 0.80-0.95, with the NB model standing out, registering an average AUC and an ACC of 0.78 and 0.90. Then, the feature importance of the NB model was reported.Conclusions: ML algorithms are impressive tools in clinical decision-making, which can achieve satisfactory prediction of SSI with the NB model performing the best. The NB model may help access the risk of SSI following MIS-TLIF under the Quadrant channel and facilitate clinical decision-making. However, future external validation is needed.
Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Alveolar Epithelial Cells Reduces Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Regulating Angii/ACE2/Ang(1-7) Axis and Suppressing NF-Κb/MAPK Pathway
Authors: niu shiying , cong changsheng , wang zhaopeng , sun meili , zhang yueying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common complications of thoracic tumors radiotherapy. Since therapeutic strategies remains limited, the exploration of new approaches to treat RILI is on high demands. The use of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to treat RILI holds great promise thanks to their multidifferentiation and anti-inflammatory potential after injury. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of BMSCs in RILI. Methods Forty five C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into groups. Except for the control group, all mice received chest irradiation. Within 24 hours after irradiation, BMSCs were injected into the tail vein of mice in BMSCs group. At 4 weeks after irradiation, all mice were dissected. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue and the expression of inflammatory factors. Immunofluorescence technique was used to detect whether BMSCs migrated to lung tissue and to verify their differentiation potential. The expression of Ang II and Ang (1-7) in lung tissue was detected by ELISA. The expression of MasR mRNA in lung tissue was detected by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of ACE2, ACE, AT1R and MAPK related proteins. Results we found that BMSCs significantly reduced RILI by HE and immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence results showed that BMSCs migrated to injuried lung tissue and differentiated into alveolar epithelial cells. Combined with qRT-PCR and Western blotting results showed BMSCs significantly up-regulated ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR axis and suppressed NF-κB/MAPK pathway. Conclusions The study demonstrated that BMSCs may be transplanted into damaged lung tissue where they differentiated into AEC II to regulate AngII/ACE2/Ang(1-7) axis and suppress NF-κB/MAPK pathway to alleviate RILI.