bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of electrical impedance tomography for biomedicine
Authors: Ain K , Ulum M F , Choridah L , Mukhaiyar U , Garnadi A D , Setyawan N H , Ariwanto B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) has an advantage than another imaging systems in the medical field, they are safe, fast, and simple. The role of EIT is promising, so that it is necessary to develop electrical impedance tomography devices, especially in the biomedical field. we have successfully constructed a multi-frequency EIT system for biomedicine consisting of an oscillator, buffer, VCCS (voltage controlled current source), mux-demux, differential amplifiers based on Arduino Mega. The system succesfully has been tested to produce an image of conductors, insulators, and animal organs so that suitable for biomedical field.
Electron-photon interaction in monolayer antimonene
Authors: Layton R , Cahaya A B , Nugraha A R T , Majidi M A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent experimental and theoretical studies on two-dimensional (2D) antimonene revealed that this material is expected to be a potential semiconductor for optoelectronics applications. Using first-principle density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we verify that the so-called α-phase monolayer antimonene is a direct-gap semiconductor. Its optoelectronic properties are then described in terms of electron-photon interaction. Within the dipole approximation, the dipole vectors and the oscillator strength of the electron-photon interaction in monolayer antimonene were calculated. It has been found that the optical transition at a certain electronic wave vector can be analyzed according to the value and direction of the dipole vectors. This work will be important to further obtain the optical absorption spectra of monolayer antimonene for various light polarization.
Temperature, pressure, relative humidity and rainfall sensors early error detection system for automatic weather station (AWS) with artificial neural network (ANN) backpropagation
Authors: Wellyantama P , Soekirno S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To improve the quality and quantity of meteorological data over Indonesia, Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency of Indonesia (BMKG) is continuously developing automatic weather observations. BMKG has 63 units Automatic Weather Station (AWS) and 165 units Automatic Weather Observation System (AWOS) both inside and outside the BMKG Station environment. To make the control of sensor conditions easier, especially for temperature, pressure, relative humidity, and rainfall sensors, an additional system is needed to monitor and warn when problems occur with these sensors. The correlation among weather parameters data is the key to monitoring the sensor condition, these data are going to be trained and tested with the Artificial neural network (ANN) method. Then, the sensor condition (normal or error indicated) can be well detected based on AWS’s data. The quality improvement of automatic weather station data is expected to increase the utilization of the data.
A comparative study of temperature dependent impedance analysis for AFe0.97Zr0.03O3 (A = La, Bi) compounds
Authors: Iqbal A A M , Triyono D , Aflahannisa  , Purnamasari I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The interest of LaFeO3 among perovskite inorganic materials increased tremendously due to their applicability ranging from chemical sensors, electrode material, etc. In previous studies, Bi-doped in La site improved the electrochemical performance and reduced the interfacial polarization resistance. Zr doped in the Fe site also improves electrical properties. In this study, LaFe0.97Zr0.03O3 and BiFe0.97Zr0.03O3 material have been successfully synthesized using the sol-gel method to observe the morphology and electrical properties in several temperatures. Characterization of the material was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX), and Impedance Spectroscopy (IS). SEM results represent the non-uniform grain distribution morphology with estimated size to be 147 nm and 204 nm for LaFe0.97Zr0.03O3 and BiFe0.97Zr0.03O3, respectively. EDX characterization shows that the material is only composed of its constituent elements. The Impedance spectroscopy data show that BiFe0.97Zr0.03O3 better than LaFe0.97Zr0.03O3 in electrical properties because Bismuth ferrite (BiFe0.97ZrxO3) has multiferroics properties.
Student score and responses to the analogy approach in learning physics in terms of gender and parents’ work
Authors: Sahidu H , Susilawati  , Zuhdi M , Rokhmat J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to identify the types of analogy approaches required in learning physics and analyze physics scores of students based on gender and parent’s occupation. This research uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data is in the form of primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire, while secondary data were from a teacher. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were collected using an open questionnaire. Quantitative analysis use using non-parametric statistics (Mann-Whitney) with the help of IBM SPSS version 24, while qualitative analysis is descriptive. The results of the study (with a significance of 0.05) showed that gender (sig.-value = 0.584 for PA and 0.874 for physical grades, greater than 0.05) and the type of work of parents (sig.-value = 0.303 for PA and 0.528 for physics scores, greater than 0.05) did not affect student responses about the analogy approach and to the students’ physics scores. Meanwhile, the the open questionnaire results generally stated that the students were happy, interesting, motivated, easier, clearer, more meaningful, more understanding of concepts, effective, and efficient in learning physics. The recommendation is that this analogy approach needs to be developed on other physics concepts and implemented in physics learning.
Radiation damage study on graphite from multiple cascade events in molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Husnayani I , Majidi M A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Graphite is one kind of materials commonly used in nuclear reactor as neutron moderator and structural material. During the nuclear reactor operation, graphite is bombarded with high dose of radiation, especially neutron. This condition can cause damage to the graphite’s crystal structure which then leads to the change of the graphite’s physical properties. The alteration of graphite properties is undesirable since it affects the operation and limits the lifetime of nuclear reactor. In this research, radiation-induced damages on graphite were investigated using molecular dynamic simulation. Reactive force-field potential was employed as the interatomic potential in a simulation box containing about five hundred thousand carbon atoms. The first cascade was initiated using primary knock-on atom having kinetic energy of 1 keV. Following the first cascade, multiple cascades were performed in the same simulation box to represent the long-term neutron irradiation on graphite and to observe the effect of this cascade repetition on defect production. The cascade simulation was performed at two variation of temperature. The number of defects was identified using coordination number analysis. It was found that the effect of temperature to the number of defects produced is not significant, while the repetition of cascade does increase the number of defects produced at the end of the cascade simulation.
Cervical single cell of squamous intraepithelial lesion classification using shape features and extreme learning machine
Authors: Riries R , Winarno  , Asiah C N , Putri A Y , Suksmono A B , Sitanggang I S , Setiawan N A , Rahaju A S , Kusumastuti E H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cervical cancer is an abnormal growth of cells found on the cervix. In general, cervical cancer is identified early by doing a pap smear test. However, this examination is still manually performed by doctors and the results are still subjective. Therefore, this study aims to determine the classification of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion automatically from cervical single cells. The classification of those Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion includes normal cervical cells, Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL), and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL). We used Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) as a classifier and tried to compare the ELM’s performances with Backpropagation Neural Network method. We used 225 data and 3 classes include normal, LSIL, and HSIL. The classification was carried out by manual cropping and segmentation as the image pre-processing and the feature extraction was based on shape features consisting of Circularity, Semi Major and Minor Axis Length, Equivalent Diameter, Average Radius, and Compactness. This study concluded that Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion classification by using ELM had better performances than Backpropagation Neural Network. The highest accuracy result of 96.67% was obtained in Backpropagation training, while the highest accuracy in ELM’s training was 100% when both methods were tried by using 225 data.
Relationship of solar activity with magnetosphere and ionosphere disturbance during Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Event on September 6, 2017
Authors: Wirma S L , Marzuki  , Afrizal  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the magnitude of the disturbance due to CME on September 6, 2017, in the magnetosphere and ionosphere, then compare its effect at high, middle, and low latitudes. The data used are the daily variation of the H component geomagnetic and the ionogram, representing low latitude. Geomagnetic storms are indicated by the intensity of the H component of the earth’s magnetic field experiencing a very significant decrease reaching -250 nT, while ionosphere storms are indicated by an increase in the critical frequency the F2 layer by 14.1 MHz. As a comparison at each latitude, the magnitude of geomagnetic disturbance is represented by the K index. High latitudes have a K index greater than those at middle and low latitudes. Low latitude produces a smaller K index among other latitudes whose magnitude has strengthened the Dst index. The K index at high latitudes is 9, the K index at middle latitudes and low latitudes is 7. Based on the K index values at all latitudes, the northern hemisphere’s high latitudes are categorized as extreme storms, and the northern hemisphere mid-latitudes and low latitudes are categorized as strong storms.
Bioenergy knowledge, perception and attitude among students at Jambi state senior high school
Authors: Nazarudin  , Hasibuan M P H , Haryadi B , Nurhayati  , Ulyarti  , Hadiyanto  
Published: March 2021

AbstractBioenergy is one of the renewable energies which is predicted to be a main energy in the next few years. It can play the important role to change the current fossil fuel-based energy into a green energy which has a low carbon footprint. A research about how to develop a bioenergy have been done by a lot of reseacher. However, especially in Indonesia, there is just few research to study about bioenergy from societal aspects poin of view such as the understanding and awarness of bioenergy among citizens. In this research, we have investigated senior high school students’ knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes interconected to bioenergy with online survery. The survey instrument used in the study was adopted from P. Halder’s study. The data was collected from students at senior high school th (SMAN 10) Jambi City. The results showed that the students awareness of bioenergy perceived from school, home, and social media have significant effects on their knowledge, perceptions and attitudes related to bioenergy. Among 211 students as respondent (N), we found 70.62% believe that they understand well the concept about bioenergy, 5.21% believe that they understand it very well, and the rest believe that they do not understand it. This understanding reflects to their willingness to use a bioenergy in their daily life, in which 71.70% respondents agree to use bioenergy, 25.47% respondents can not decide, and only 2.83% do not want to use it. To find the relationship among the variables, a multiple regression was conducted. A statistical analysis showed that the model for knowledge as a function of attitudes and perception does not fit the data therefore this model is rejected. However, both model for attitudes as function of perception and knowledge, and also perception as function of attitudes and knowldeges fit the data hence the models are accepted. In other words, attitudes of students who will use/not use bioenergy, is significantly affected by their perception about bioenergy.
Growth of TiO2:Au thin films on Si substrates by Spin coating method
Authors: Supriyanto E , Subekti A , Prasetya D S B 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThin titanium dioxide: gold (TiO2:Au) films are grown on n-type Si(100) substrates by spin coating, using 97% pure titanium (IV) isopropoxide [TTIP, Ti(O(C3H7)4] as a metal-organic precursor and powdered gold oxide (Au2O3) as a dopant. The Au2O3was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O) to a concentration of 0.2 M, and this was then mixed with the TTIP in a 1:4 ratio. This experiment used a TTIP buffer layer to reduce lattice mismatch between the substrate and the film. The growth temperature was varied from 400°C to 550°C with an interval of 50 °C during deposition of TiO2:Au films, in which the experimental results show that the grown film exhibited rutile (002) (R (002)) crystal planes for all temperature conditions. In addition, while the films were grown at a temperature of 400 °C and 450 °C showed anatase (211) planes, the layers realized with a temperature of 450°C and 550°C exhibited rutile (200) planes. Increasing the amount of Au incorporation within a film will decrease its bandgap energy. The 500°C films showed a crystalline domain size in the R (002) plane of around 20.38 nm, making it a promising candidate base material for use in carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensors.
Study Faraday Effect on Optical Properties for Polymers Blend Doping Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Hasan Z. A. , Nemah S. S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The metal nanoparticles ( NPs ) so as ferromagnetic ( FM) Polymers is given to nanostructures importance in many electro-optics devices, a base work for these devices is depend on Faraday effect. In this study the Faraday effect use a magnetic field, this effect is clearly a appear through of the results.
Using Logistic Regression Model to Study the Most Important Factors Which Affects Diabetes for The Elderly in The City of Hilla / 2019
Authors: Al_Bairmani Zainab Abood Ahmed , Ismael Aasha Abdulkhleq 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the most important factors affecting diabetes using the logistic regression method and to conduct all tests for this method (Hosmer and Lemeshow test, Omnibus tests of model coefficients, …etc.). The randomized sample included (150) people among the elderly in Al-Hilla city, the research included focusing on (14) independent variables and most of these variables were found to have significance, effect and contribution to the logistic regression - binary response (not sick(0), sick(1)) model are (4) variables (cigarette smoking, exercise, vitamin (D), blood pressure), Which affects diabetes, and the rest of the variables have no significance or effect. The classification of observations using logistic regression-binary response model was accurate, as the overall correct classification rate was (92.7%) while the overall wrong classification rate was (7.3%).
Histological Effect of Lead Chloride on The Brain of Gambusia Affinis
Authors: Alkshab Amal A. , Taha Ameer M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Heavy material pollution is one of the most critical threats to fish stocks around the world. Lead is one of the essential heavy elements that directly or indirectly affect fish. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of sublethal concentration of lead chloride PbCl2 on the brain of Gambusia affinis. For this purpose, 90 fish were used, which were divided into nine groups, each group containing ten fish. They divided into a control group, the acute treatment groups included four groups exposed to concentrations of 20 and 25 mg/L of PbCl2 for 24 and 96 hours, respectively. At the same time, the chronic treatment included four groups exposed to concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L of PbCl2 for 15 and 30 days, respectively. The results showed that there were histological lesions that appeared in all the treated fish compared to the control group. These lesions appeared in different degrees of concentration and duration of use. Among the most prominent of these tissue changes that were repeated in the treatments were degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage, congestion and oedema as well as disintegration between different brain tissues. The study concluded that lead chloride has a very harmful effect on brain tissues and that chronic exposure leads to irreversible histological lesions.
Encrypting A 7.88ghz Frequency Message Within A Chaotic Carrier by Optical Feedback
Authors: Hemed Ayser A. , Ackemann Thorsten , Kbashi Hani J. , Chead Baha T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new laser system is suggested and experimentally verified as a chaotic transmitter for a secure optical communication system. The laser source kind is a distributed feedback with a peak wavelength 1310nm and maximum power 5mW. A doubly external cavity with 85cm of length is constructed via air.
Chaotic signal is achieved successfully after the laser reach of coherence collapse, with a very wide band spectrum (12GHz). This value is capable to increase subjecting to several parameters based on optical feedback (OFB) such as laser current operating level, beam focusing, polarization control, etc. In order to test a message hiding possibility, a frequency message is modulated directly into the laser, which is connected with the laser source using a bias tee. For the free running (solitary) semiconductor laser, the maximum available direct current modulation is: 3GHz/mA, while this value can be increased by this technique. This gives the possibility for very high modulation values and increasing data package volume that can send securely in the applications that requires immunity.
A Comparative Study of Image Steganography Based on Edge Detection
Authors: Jasim Albayati Huda Abdul Wahid , Ali Suhad A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Information security has become the main concern of the most famous researchers and the focus of their attention, as they are constantly trying to find the best and safest ways to transfer information through a secure tunnel to protect it from hacking attempts and common attacks on the Internet and in this research, we tried to embody one of the methods of security in protecting data. In this study, a new approach to masking information based on the incorporation of LSB replacement mechanism and edge detection is proposed. To avoid HVS mining when more covert bits are included in pixels, we classify cover pixels into edge regions and non-edge regions. Then, the pixels belonging to the edge region are used to transmit more secret bits. In addition, to increase the load as well as maintain good image quality, we adopt a clever method in which the edge information is identified by the most important bits (MSBs) of the cover image so that it does not need to be stored. At the extraction stage, the same edge information is obtained. Therefore, confidential data can be extracted correctly without confusion. Experimental results prove that our scheme achieves a much higher payload and better optical quality than that of the latest technology.
A Review on Arabic Sign Language Translator Systems
Authors: Mohammed R. M. , Kadhem S. M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Deaf and dumb peoples are suffering difficulties most of the time in communicating with society. They use sign language to communicate with each other and with normal people. But Normal people find it more difficult to understand the sign language and gestures made by deaf and dumb people. Therefore, many techniques have been employed to tackle this problem by converting the sign language to a text or a voice and vice versa. In recent years, research has progressed steadily in regard to the use of computers to recognize and translate the sign language. This paper reviews significant projects in the field beginning with important steps of sign language translation. These projects can be classified according to the use of an input device into image-based and device-based. Image-based is used the traditional methods of image processing and features extraction, by using a digital camera such as a webcam. Device-based uses different devices like (Microsoft Kinect sensor, electronic glove and leap motion controller). These devices are used to reduce the time of both image processing and extraction features. Then the accuracy rates of using device-based are ranged between in 90%-99% where the accuracy rates of using image-based are ranged between 85%-93%.
A Novel Culture Medium Using Lettuce Plant (Lactuca Sativa) For Detection of Pullulanase Production by Paenibacillus Macerans Isolated from Agricultural Wastes
Authors: Muslim S. N. , Mohammed Ali A. N. , Fayyad R. J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pullulinase is an enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of pullulin forming maltotriose, panose and maltooligosaccharides that have a great prominence owing to their prospective use in medication, drink, diet and fine chemical industries. Because of the production of this enzyme is too expensive and characterized with low yield, there is a growing need to create a substrate to make the total process cheaper and more creative. In this study, the authors have reported pullulanase production from Paenibacillus macerans. Six isolates of Paenibacillus macerans were isolated from soil and agricultural wastes samples and screened for higher pullulanase production, Paenibacillus macerans isolated from second sample of wheat husk was gave superior inhibition zone around the colony as compared with other tested isolates. The activity of pullulanase was raised to 9.83U/ml when this strain was grown under the optimal conditions including using basal medium containing 1% (w/v) dried leaves of lettuce and 2% (w/v) peptone at pH 6, temperature of 50°C, inoculums size of 1.5 ml for 72 hour. The pullulanase exhibited highest activity (6.80U/ml) and (6.43U/ml) in presence of lettuce. Lettuce has aptitude as an efficient and economically suitable as compared with traditionally used substrates as pure pullulin and other types of saccharides.
Exact solution of Singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation
Authors: John Z. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work we studied Lie group symmetry of non-linear ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. And we tried solve a singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation by use this method because we want to found exact solution. Lie group symmetry takes exact solution if and only if any equation is invariant. When we applied lie group symmetry on a singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation we have got a polynomial of equations and we equal this polynomial for zero, after that we got many equations equal to zero, when we solve those equations we can’t found infinitesimal transformation of a singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation. And for this reason, we raised the order of the derivative to a higher level, we also derived a new generator corresponding to the order of the new equation. When we solve new equation we can find infinitesimal transformation of these equations by many method of Mathematics, and by used algorithm of Lie group Symmetries, we got general solution of singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation.