bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal changes in GPP/SIF ratios and their climatic determinants across the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Chen Anping , Mao Jiafu , Ricciuto Daniel , Lu Dan , Xiao Jingfeng , Li Xing , Thornton Peter E. , Knapp Alan K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSatellite‐derived sun‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been increasingly used for estimating gross primary production (GPP). However, the relationship between SIF and GPP has not been well defined, impeding the translation of satellite observed SIF to GPP. Previous studies have generally assumed a linear relationship between SIF and GPP at daily and longer time scales, but support for this assumption is lacking. Here, we used the GPP/SIF ratio to investigate seasonal variations in the relationship between SIF and GPP over the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Based on multiple SIF products and MODIS and FLUXCOM GPP data, we found strong seasonal hump‐shaped patterns for the GPP/SIF ratio over northern latitudes, with higher values in the summer than in the spring or autumn. This hump‐shaped GPP/SIF seasonal variation was confirmed by examining different SIF products and was evident for most vegetation types except evergreen broadleaf forests. The seasonal amplitude of the GPP/SIF ratio decreased from the boreal/arctic region to drylands and the tropics. For most of the NH, the lowest GPP/SIF values occurred in October or September, while the maximum GPP/SIF values were evident in June and July. The most pronounced seasonal amplitude of GPP/SIF occurred in intermediate temperature and precipitation ranges. GPP/SIF was positively related to temperature in the early and late parts of the growing season, but not during the peak growing months. These shifting relationships between temperature and GPP/SIF across different months appeared to play a key role in the seasonal dynamics of GPP/SIF. Several mechanisms may explain the patterns we observed, and future research encompassing a broad range of climate and vegetation settings is needed to improve our understanding of the spatial and temporal relationships between SIF and GPP. Nonetheless, the strong seasonal variation in GPP/SIF we identified highlights the importance of incorporating this behavior into SIF‐based GPP estimations.
Behavioral and psychological symptoms in institutional residents with dementia in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Sun‐Wung , Huang Ling‐Chun , Hsieh Tsung‐Jen , Lin Chung‐Fen , Hsu Chih‐Cheng , Yang Yuan‐Han 
Published: June 2021

AimBehavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are important predictors for institutional placement, caregiver distress and depression for patients with dementia. We aim to investigate BPSD in institutional residents with dementia in Taiwan.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide study surveying institutional residents in Taiwan. Institutional residents from 22 counties and cities in Taiwan were recruited and analyzed in our study. We recorded demographic data, severity of dementia and disability, presence of BPSD, and past medical history of institutional residents in Taiwan. We recorded the characteristics of BPSD and analyzed the possible risks of BPSD in residents with dementia.ResultsA total of 4722 institutional residents were recruited and analyzed in our study. The prevalence of dementia was 87.2% (4119 residents). Among residents with dementia, 1546 (37.5%) had presented BPSD in the past 3 months. The most frequent three types of BPSD were nighttime behavior (17.9%), resistance against care (13.4%) and depression (12.9%). Old age, female gender, and lower MMSE (Mini‐Mental State Examination) scores were associated with BPSD. Moderate dementia (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.30–2.31) and mild activities of daily living (ADL) dependence (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.06–4.27) increased the risks of BPSD. Reviews of past medical history showed that orthopedic disease, eye disease, genitourinary disease, dementia, psychiatric disorder and intellectual disability were associated with increasing risks of BPSD.ConclusionsWe concluded that moderate dementia and mild ADL dependence increased the risks of BPSD in institutional residents with dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 718–724.
Genetic parameters for milk yield and quality traits of Brazilian Holstein cows as a function of temperature and humidity index
Authors: Carrara Eula Regina , Petrini Juliana , Salvian Mayara , de Oliveira Hinayah Rojas , Rovadoscki Gregori Alberto , Iung Laiza Helena de Souza , Miquilini Marina , Machado Paulo Fernando , Mourão Gerson Barreto 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMeasurements of milk yield (MY), somatic cell score (SCS), percentage of fat (FP), protein (PP), lactose (LP), casein (CP) and percentage of palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), total saturated (SFA), unsaturated (UFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids in milk from 5,224 Holstein cows were evaluated as a function of a temperature and humidity index (THI). Legendre orthogonal polynomials from second to seventh order were tested. The best fit order for MY, PP and C18:0 was the third, whereas the second for all other traits. The heritability estimates decreased for MY (0.31 to 0.14), FP (0.28 to 0.16), LP (0.43 to 0.30), SCS (0.14 to 0.09), SFA (0.33 to 0.22) and C16:0 (0.31 to 0.26), whereas increased for CP (0.32 to 0.42), MUFA (0.08 to 0.13), UFA (0.07 to 0.11) and C18:1 (0.07 to 0.11) as the THI level increased. For PP, heritabilities (0.26 to 0.39) presented larger values in intermediate THI. For PUFA and C18:0, heritabilities were approximately constant (0.13 to 0.14 and 0.15, respectively). However, the greatest variations may have been the result of the limitations of Legendre polynomials at the extreme points of the curve, and the pattern of heritabilities curves was approximately constant for the evaluated traits. Spearman's rank correlations between breeding values in extreme THI levels were greater than 0.80 for all traits considering all animals, only cows and only bulls. When considering the top 1% and the top 50% animals (only cows, only bulls and all), Spearman correlations smaller than 0.70 were found, suggesting reranking of the animals. Although there was little variation in the variance components over THI, it is possible that there is no heat stress in the animals studied, because, on average, there was no great impact of the thermal load on the traits. One possible explanation is the use of herds with little climatic difference among herds, as well as the use of fans and sprinklers into the barns. However, the THI levels may be important factors in the selection process, as reranking of animals was verified.
Amplatzer PFO Occluder for treatment of incomplete LAA closure with AtriClip
Authors: Gianni Carola , Burkhardt J. David , Della Rocca Domenico G. , Natale Andrea , Horton Rodney P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein, we describe the use of an Amplatzer PFO Occluder to treat incomplete LAA closure due to a malpositioned AtriClip.
Real‐time evaluation of artificial neural network‐developed model of banana slice kinetics in microwave‐hot air dryer
Authors: Sabzevari Masumeh , Behroozi‐Khazaei Nasser , Darvishi Hosain 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe required microwave power input and moisture content prediction in microwave‐hot air dryer are challenging. In this study, two artificial neural networks (ANN) were investigated for modeling of moisture content of banana slices and required microwave power input. The experiments were done in five levels of microwave power density (MPD) (4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 W/g) with fixed mode and two levels (6 and 8 W/g) with variable mode at 40°C hot air temperature. The initial MPD, mode, and time were used as input variables in both ANN models. The ANN with 3–5–5–1 structure had best performance for MC modeling with 0.0148 of RMSE and 0.9998 of R for testing data. Also, the ANN with 3–3–1 structure could predict the microwave power with 14.013 of RMSE and 0.9929 of R for testing data. Real‐time verification of developed models showed that developed ANN models could predict microwave power and MC with fixed MPD with good reliability and confidence for online drying control but did not reasonably satisfy for variable MPD. Also, the appearance quality of the banana slices was monitored by machine vision. The results showed that the percentage of banana charring at the fixed MPDs of 6, 7, and 8 is equal to 12%, 24%, and 29%, respectively, whereas no burns were observed at the other power density levels.Practical applicationsThe main benefit of microwave drying is volumetric and high‐efficiency heating. But the temperature of the product at the end of drying process increased and brunt the product. Using the variable microwave power program is one of the famous methods for temperature control to prevent scrunching and burning the product. But powerful models for predicting the moisture content and microwave power during the drying process are not available. In this study, the drying kinetic of banana slices and input microwave power in the hybrid microwave‐hot air dryer under constant and variable microwave power was investigated and real‐time evaluating of the developed models for dryer control was examined. The results expressed the real‐time evaluation of the developed model had great accuracy and reliability and can be used for microwave dryer control.
Sources of Bias in Inflation Rates and Implications for Inflation Dynamics
Authors: BRAUN RAHEL , LEIN SARAH M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOfficial statistics measuring the cost of living are known to suffer from several biases. This paper shows that the size of the biases can vary with economic conditions. Using homescan data, it is first confirmed that official price indexes can be tracked using such granular data sets. While the often‐acknowledged substitution bias is shown to be relatively small, neglected preference adjustment and product entry/exit result in a 2.6 percentage point bias in the annual inflation rate on average. Furthermore, the bias is particularly large in the aftermath of a shock to relative prices, increasing to 3.7 percentage points.
Prevalence of idiopathic hirsutism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Amiri Mina , Fallahzadeh Aida , Sheidaei Ali , Mahboobifard Fatemeh , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the negative impacts of idiopathic hirsutism (IH) on psychological aspects are well‐documented, there is no enough study estimating the prevalence of this endocrine disorder.ObjectiveThis meta‐analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of IH in the women population.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were explored to obtain papers published from inception to September 2020 investigating the prevalence of IH in women. A meta‐regression was conducted to assess the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnostic criteria, and ethnicity on the pooled prevalence of IH.ResultsOf 8346 records retrieved through searching databases and other sources, eight studies were selected for the final analyses. The pooled prevalence of idiopathic hirsutism among women, regardless of PCOS diagnostic criteria, and the race was 7.74% (95% CI: 4.10, 14.14). The meta‐regression analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of idiopathic hirsutism did not significantly differ based on the PCOS diagnostic criteria and ethnicity. A subgroup analysis based on the PCOS criteria showed the pooled prevalence of 7.24% (95% CI: 2.84, 17.24), 13.05% (95% CI: 10.02, 16.81), and 3.12% (95% CI: 2.16, 4.48) for NIH (National Institutes of Health), Rotterdam, and not reported PCOS diagnostic criteria groups, respectively. The subgroup analysis based on the ethnicity estimated a pooled prevalence of 6.01% (95% CI: 1.87, 17.69) and 9.36% (4.07, 16.63) for European and Asian groups, respectively.ConclusionThe meta‐analysis demonstrated that the pooled prevalence of IH was 7.74% and there was no difference between PCOS criteria and ethnicity subgroups.
Workforce management and patient outcomes in the intensive care unit during the COVID‐19 pandemic and beyond: a discursive paper
Authors: Wynne Rochelle , Davidson Patricia M. , Duffield Christine , Jackson Debra , Ferguson Caleb 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsTo highlight the need for the development of effective and realistic workforce strategies for critical care nurses, in both a steady state and pandemic.BackgroundIn acute care settings, there is an inverse relationship between nurse staffing and iatrogenesis, including mortality. Despite this, there remains a lack of consensus on how to determine safe staffing levels. Intensive care units (ICU) provide highly specialised complex healthcare treatments. In developed countries, mortality rates in the ICU setting are high and significantly varied after adjustment for diagnosis. The variability has been attributed to systems, patient and provider issues including the workload of critical care nurses.DesignDiscursive paper.FindingsNursing workforce is the single most influential mediating variable on ICU patient outcomes. Numerous systematic reviews have been undertaken in an effort to quantify the effect of critical care nurses on mortality and morbidity, invariably leading to the conclusion that the association is similar to that reported in acute care studies. This is a consequence of methodological limitations, inconsistent operational definitions and variability in endpoint measures. We evaluated the impact inadequate measurement has had on capturing relevant critical care data, and we argue for the need to develop effective and realistic ICU workforce measures.ConclusionCOVID‐19 has placed an unprecedented demand on providing health care in the ICU. Mortality associated with ICU admission has been startling during the pandemic. While ICU systems have largely remained static, the context in which care is provided is profoundly dynamic and the role and impact of the critical care nurse needs to be measured accordingly. Often, nurses are passive recipients of unplanned and under‐resourced changes to workload, and this has been brought into stark visibility with the current COVID‐19 situation. Unless critical care nurses are engaged in systems management, achieving consistently optimal ICU patient outcomes will remain elusive.Relevance to clinical practiceObjective measures commonly fail to capture the complexity of the critical care nurses’ role despite evidence to indicate that as workload increases so does risk of patient mortality, job stress and attrition. Critical care nurses must lead system change to develop and evaluate valid and reliable workforce measures.
Effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on repair and receptivity of damaged endometrium in rats
Authors: Wang Guiling , Ren Chun'e , Jiang Junyi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThis study was to investigate whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can repair damaged endometrium in rats and its effect on endometrial receptivity.MethodsA rat model of endometrial damage was established by heat injury. BMSCs were labeled with PKH26 and were transplanted into the right uterine cavity. The endometrial thickness and fertility testing were examined to assess the repair of damaged endometrium. The mass on trichrome staining was used to assess the endometrium fibrosis. The expression of integrin avβ3 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in rat endometrium was used to evaluate the endometrial receptivity.ResultsAfter transplantation of BMSCs, the distribution of PKH26 positive cells was mainly on the damaged side in the endometrial tissues. Compared to control group, the endometrial tissue structure recovered after treatment with BMSCs. BMSCs transplantation improved the fertility of endometrial injury model rats. BMSCs decreased the area of endometrial fibrosis. The expression of integrin avβ3 and LIF in endometrium was the stronger in BMSCs treatment group than control group.ConclusionBMSCs can migrate to the endometrium and repair damaged endometrium and improve endometrium receptivity.
Disturbed sleep may be a core risk factor for jaw functional limitation in patients with painful temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Kim Hye Kyoung , Kim Mee Eun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPain related to temporomandibular disorder (TMD) usually affects jaw function. In patients with TMD, little is known about the biopsychosocial relevance to jaw functional limitations.ObjectiveThis study explored the impact of biopsychosocial risk factors on jaw functional limitation in patients with painful TMD.MethodsA comprehensive set of patient‐reported outcomes (PROs), consisting of pain severity (Brief Pain Inventory), psychological stress (Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised), catastrophising thought (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia‐TMD), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and jaw functional limitation (Jaw Functional Limitation Scale‐20), were administered, and clinical examinations were performed in patients with TMD.ResultsThis study included the data obtained from 131 patients with painful TMD. In the logistic regression analysis, biomedical factors (age, sex, pain duration and TMD phenotype) were not associated with jaw functional limitation. Correlations were higher in the order of sleep quality (ρ = 0.946), pain severity (ρ = 0.582), pain catastrophising (ρ = 0.535), kinesiophobia (ρ = 0.486) and emotional distress (ρ = 0.268). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated three predictors, including pain severity (p = .001), kinesiophobia (p = .023) and sleep quality (p < .001) for jaw functional limitation. In the mediation analysis, the indirect effect of pain severity on the association between sleep and limitation was significant (p < .0001).ConclusionJaw functional limitation is associated with biopsychosocial factors. In particular, sleep may be a core risk factor for functional limitation in patients with painful TMD.
Every Intervention Emerges from an Encounter: Translation and Contextualization as Treatments for Recurrent Depression
Authors: Denig Carl , Lawrie Stephen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhat is known on the subject?Psychiatric treatment is commonly seen as not treating the whole person, but as using technical fixes for symptoms.Both in treatment and when reading their medical files, lay people often feel personally disrespected.What the paper adds to existing knowledge?We suggest that some practitioners are aware of their patients as humans: They respect the service user's understandings and relationships, including the one between patient and practitioner.Two mechanisms for bonding and building mutual respect (translation and contextualization) are described.What are the implications for mental health nursing?Every intervention emerges from an encounter, and therefore, talk cannot merely be instrumental but must also be an exchange.Translation means that the service user understands the provider, and vice versa. Contextualization means that patients and practitioners interact not only in those roles, but as people with a broader history and network of relationships. Neither technical nor personal understandings are privileged, but used flexibly and as needed.
Long‐term outcomes of viral eradication in patients with hepatitis C virus infection and mild hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Kumada Takashi , Toyoda Hidenori , Yasuda Satoshi , Tada Toshifumi , Ito Takanori , Tanaka Junko 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe impact of antiviral therapy on clinical outcomes in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and mild liver fibrosis (FIB‐4 score <1.45) is not well understood. We aimed to clarify the impact of viral eradication on hepatocarcinogenesis and mortality in patients with mild fibrosis.The subjects were 657 patients who achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) (Clearance group) and 586 patients who did not receive antiviral therapy or did not achieve SVR (No clearance group). We applied inverse probability weighting because the groups had different baseline characteristics. Multivariate proportional hazards models were used to analyse factors associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and mortality using a time‐dependent covariate. In addition, we compared the mortality rate of the Clearance group stratified by age to the mortality rate of the general population.Clearance of HCV RNA was significantly associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and all‐cause, liver‐related and non–liver‐related mortality (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval], 0.2653 [0.1147–0.6136, p = 0.0019], 0.3416 [0.2157–0.5409, p < 0.0001], 0.2474 [0.0802–0.8917, p = 0.0381] and 0.4118 [0.2449–0.6925, p = 0.0008], respectively). The Clearance group had significantly higher mortality than the general population matched by age, sex and follow‐up duration (p < 0.0001). However, there were no significant differences between patients who achieved SVR before age 50 and the general population matched by age, sex and follow‐up duration (p = 0.1570). HCV eradication in patients with mild fibrosis reduces liver‐related and non–liver‐related mortality. If HCV is eradicated before age 50, prognosis is likely be similar to that of the age‐matched and sex‐matched general population. (249 words).
Habitat conservation state and plant diversity respond to different drivers in semi‐natural grasslands
Authors: Napoleone Francesca , Giarrizzo Eleonora , Burrascano Sabina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuestionsSemi‐natural habitats are threatened by shifts in management with worrying effects on multiple facets of biodiversity. We revisited sites once representing a reference for a calcareous semi‐natural grassland habitat aiming to: (a) identify the drivers of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity, and habitat conservation state; (b) assess the role of characteristic and derived diversity in determining these patterns; and (c) discuss the possibility of reconciling the goals of habitat conservation and enhancement of different facets of plant diversity.LocationSeven sites along the Apennines (Italy), from Mt. Catria (43.46206° N, 12.70397° E) to Mt. Alpi (40.11768° N, 15.98341° E).MethodsFor 132 revisited plots, we calculated vascular plant taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity using Hill numbers, and used boosted regression trees to investigate their response to the compositional dissimilarity from historical plots, to grazing intensity and to environmental variables. We identified characteristic and derived diversity and summarized them in an index of habitat conservation state whose drivers were investigated using the same approach.ResultsPlant diversity was influenced by the site, whereas the habitat conservation state responded more markedly to vegetation type. Grazing intensity, slope and soil variables drove taxonomic and functional diversity, and the habitat conservation state, with some differences in their relative importance. Phylogenetic diversity responded only partly to grazing intensity, while it showed a major response to increasing temperatures.ConclusionsPatterns and drivers of different facets of plant diversity partially differ from those of the habitat conservation state, suggesting that the management of semi‐natural habitats should be carefully tailored on specific conservation objectives. Generalized actions on grazing regimes and litter removal can promote habitat conservation, whereas the outcomes of these actions for plant diversity may differ across sites. Identifying areas particularly subjected to land‐use changes and/or climate warming may drive conservation actions.