bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive and Broad‐Spectrum Photodetectors Based on InSe/ReS2 Heterostructure
Authors: Ma Haixin , Xing Yanhui , Han Jun , Cui Boyao , Lei Ting , Tu Huayao , Guan Baolu , Zeng Zhongming , Zhang Baoshun , Lv Weiming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPhotogating effect based on vertical structure of 2D materials allows for the realization of a highly sensitive photodetector. A highly sensitive and broad‐spectrum (365–965 nm) photodetector is reported based on the indium selenide (InSe)/rhenium disulfide (ReS2) vertical heterostructure, where the top layer InSe serves as the photogate to regulate the channel current, enabling a large photoconductive gain of 106. The detectivity of the photodetector can reach 6.51 × 1013 Jones, making this one of the highest values among reported transition metal dichalcogenide photodetectors. The photodetector represents a high responsivity of 1921 A W−1, an ultrahigh external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.53 × 105%, and a fast response time of 21.6 ms. The outstanding properties of the InSe/ReS2 heterojunction reveal the promising potential in high‐efficient, ultrasensitive, broadband photodetectors.
Inverted Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with Photoannealed Cs2CO3 Films as Electron Extraction Layers
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Wang Hong‐En 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper successfully demonstrates that solution‐processable cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) and photoannealing treatments can be used to replace thermal annealing treatments. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) is quite low in the initial stage, while the PCE dramatically increases following continuous light illumination and reaches a saturated state after 15 min of light illumination. Raman spectra and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are then used to show that the Cs2CO3 molecule decomposes and transforms into a mixture of cesium oxide (CsOX), which is the major constituent of cesium oxide (Cs2O), and small amounts of cesium dioxide (Cs2O2) and cesium oxide (CsO2). In addition, following the spin coating of a fresh Cs2CO3 solution onto the indium tin oxide surface and 15 min of photoannealing, polymer solar cells show improved photovoltaic performance compared with the use of thermally annealed Cs2CO3 and ZnO films as the electron extraction layer.
Ultrastable Orthorhombic Na2TiSiO5 Anode for Lithium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Zhao Shu , He Di , Wu Tianhao , Wang Lihang , Yu Haijun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) play an important role in the storage of electrical energy in modern society, and there is an urgent need to develop anode materials that can meet the ever‐increasing demand for high energy density. The use of titanosilicate anode materials in high‐performance LIBs has attracted great attention due to their proper potential between graphite and Li4Ti5O12. A novel anode material prepared by an electrospinning method, orthorhombic Na2TiSiO5 (O‐NTSO) shows excellent cycle stability (capacity retention after 1000 cycles is 97.8%) and a usable reversible capacity (230 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1) with a safe average storage voltage of 0.8 V. The specific capacity of O‐NTSO is constituted by both capacitive and diffusion behavior. As a new member of the silicate anode materials, this orthorhombic Na2TiSiO5 has excellent electrochemical performance and is a promising LIB anode material with long cycle stability.
Highly Safe, Durable, Adaptable, and Flexible Fuel Cell Using Gel/Sponge Composite Material
Authors: Zou Siyi , Li Yali , Jin Hanqing , Ning Fandi , Xu Pengpeng , Wen Qinglin , Pan Saifei , Dan Xiong , Li Wei , Zhou Xiaochun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development of portable and wearable electronics, safety concerns over flexible energy devices are inevitable. Therefore, it is important to develop energy supplies that are safe for use. In this work, a highly safe, durable, adaptable, and flexible air‐breathing direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is successfully prepared by synthesizing and applying a new composite material with agar gel and wood sponge, that is, a gel/sponge composite. The gel/sponge composite has a high absorption rate, high cyclic performance, high methanol absorption capacity, high energy content, and high flexibility. Moreover, the gel/sponge composite with 1.5% agar gel retains approximately 90% of the methanol solution at a pressure of 29.4 kPa, and the areal energy density of the proposed DMFC approaches 13.7 mWh cm−2. Both the single‐cell and stack of DMFC with the new composite material successfully survive a series of destructive tests, including needle penetration, cutting, and compression. Therefore, it is successfully demonstrated that absorbent materials can greatly boost the safety, adaptability, flexibility, and energy density of air‐breathing DMFCs. Furthermore, this concept shows promise in improving the safety of other fuel cells by using absorbent materials to solidify their gaseous or liquid fuels.
Au/TiO2 2D‐Photonic Crystals as UV–Visible Photocatalysts for H2 Production
Authors: Torras Miquel , Molet Pau , Soler Lluís , Llorca Jordi , Roig Anna , Mihi Agustín 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNoble metal decoration of wideband gap semiconductors enables the excitation of surface plasmons in the visible range that upon relaxation generate hot carriers used for catalysis. However, this strategy leads to photocatalytic conversion efficiencies that are still low. Here, a light‐trapping scheme is used to amplify the light‐harvesting efficiency of the TiO2 semiconductor beyond the UV region by coupling a 2D‐photonic crystal to Au decorated titania. This approach is easily scalable using soft nanoimprinting lithography to prepare Au/TiO2 2D‐photonic photocatalysts. In a first process, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are in situ infiltrated in the superficial 50 nm of a mesoporous titania (mTiO2) scaffold patterned with the photonic structure, while in a second one 2D‐photonic crystals with a homogeneous volume distribution of the Au colloids are achieved. The dependence of the optical properties of the photonic crystals on the lattice parameter, geometry, and metal loading is presented through extinction measurements and analyzed through simulations. The improved photocatalytic performance of the substrates is tested for hydrogen production where a maximum of 8.5 mmol gcat−1 h−1 of H2 is recorded and attributed to photonic–plasmonic effects. These results may open new avenues in solar harvesting for hydrogen production using photonic crystals as photocatalysts.
Impact of seasonal and meteorological factors on the incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction: A large‐scale study using a national inpatient database
Authors: Yamamoto Yuta , Kitazawa Masato , Otsubo Tetsuya , Miyagawa Yusuke , Tokumaru Shigeo , Nakamura Satoshi , Koyama Makoto , Ehara Takehito , Hondo Nao , Soejima Yuji 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimWhether seasonal and meteorological factors affect the incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the impacts of seasonal and meteorological factors on the occurrence of ASBO.MethodsClinical data of patients with ASBO were acquired from 42 national university hospitals in Japan, using a national inpatient database, between April 2012 and March 2020. Meteorological data were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency. The number of monthly admissions of patients with ASBO was compared between each of the 12 months. Daily weather variables were investigated to clarify their association with ASBO patient admissions on a total of 119 802 days (Formula for calculation: study period [2922 days] ×41 cities).ResultsOverall, 4985 patients with ASBO were admitted. The number of admissions in June was smaller than that in October, November, and December (39 vs 63.5, P = .002, 39 vs 65, P = .004, and 39 vs 59.5, P = .002, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that January, October, November, and December were associated with increased risk of admission compared to June (odds ratio [OR], 1.264; P = .001; OR, 1.454; P < .001; OR, 1.408; P < .001; OR, 1.330; P < .001), respectively. Regarding the weather variables, higher barometric pressure and lower humidity were associated with increased risk of admission (OR, 1.011; P < .001 and OR, 0.995; P < .001), respectively.ConclusionThe incidence of ASBO is susceptible to barometric pressure and humidity and varies monthly. These results can contribute to the prevention, early detection, and immediate and appropriate management of ASBO.
The Assembly and Jamming of Nanoparticle Surfactants at Liquid–Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Wang Beibei , Yin Bangqi , Zhang Zhao , Yin Yixuan , Yang Yang , Wang Haiqiao , Russell Thomas P. , Shi Shaowei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing the interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and polymeric ligands to generate nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) at the liquid–liquid interface, the binding energy of the NP to the interface can be significantly increased, irreversibly binding the NPSs to the interface. By designing a simplified NPS model, where the NP size can be precisely controlled and the characteristic fluorescence of the NPs be used as a direct probe of their spatial distribution, we provide new insights into the attachment mechanism of NPSs at the liquid–liquid interface. We find that the binding energy of NPSs to the interface can be reduced by competitive ligands, resulting in the dissociation and disassembly of NPSs at the interface, and allowing the construction of responsive, reconfigurable all‐liquid systems. Smaller NPSs that are loosely packed (unjammed) and irreversibly bound to the interface can be displaced by larger NPSs, giving rise to a size‐dependent assembly of NPSs at the interface. However, when the smaller size NPSs are densely packed and jam at the interface, the size‐dependent assembly of NPSs at the interface can be completely suppressed.
Utilization of brown alga (Sargassum plagiophyllum) as an efficient reinforcement material for application in wheat gluten biocomposites
Authors: Kachaanun Punyawee , Numnuam Apon , Mayakun Jaruwan , Kaewtatip Kaewta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this work, brown alga (Sargassum plagiophyllum) was utilized as a reinforcement material to produce wheat gluten (WG) biocomposites. The effect of brown alga powder (BP) content and sonication treatments of BP on the properties of the obtained WG biocomposites were characterized. Adding 1 wt% BP to WG increased the tensile strength by 77% compared to neat WG and could delay the degradation process of the WG biocomposites due to the good interaction between BP and the WG matrix. When the time and amplitude of BP sonication was increased, the tensile strength of the obtained WG biocomposites slightly decreased, but still remained higher than the tensile strength of the neat WG. Therefore, this work presents an efficient reinforcement material and a potential treatment process to produce promising alternative biocomposites for the production of environment friendly materials.
Comparison of carboxybetaine with sulfobetaine polyaspartamides: Nonfouling properties, hydrophilicity, cytotoxicity and model nanogelation in an inverse miniemulsion
Authors: Hladysh Sviatoslav , Oleshchuk Diana , Dvořáková Jana , Šeděnková Ivana , Filipová Marcela , Pobořilová Zuzana , Pánek Jiří , Proks Vladimír 
Published: December 2021

AbstractZwitterionic polymers are promising non‐fouling materials widely used for surface modification. Here, we report the synthesis of zwitterionic polyaspartamides bearing carboxybetaine and sulfobetaine prepared via combining the ring‐opening reaction of polysuccinimide with 3‐(dimethylamino)‐1‐propylamine and the reaction of the formed tertiary amine side groups with 1,3‐propanesultone and 4‐bromobutyric acid, respectively. Both sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine polyaspartamides have cationic and anionic charged groups on the same repeat unit, but they differ in negatively charged groups. The chemical structures of the synthesized polymers were confirmed by 1H NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopies. The zwitterionic property of polyaspartamides were characterized by zeta potential measurements using wide range of pH. The surface properties mainly anti‐protein adsorption abilities and hydrophilicity were tested by surface plasmon resonance analysis, fluorescence microscopy, and contact angle measurements. Importantly, sulfobetaine polyaspartamides demonstrated better both antifouling performance and ability to form more hydrophilic surfaces than carboxybetaine polyaspartamide. Two zwitterionic carboxybetaine and sulfobetaine nanogels were prepared by horseradish peroxidase‐mediated crosslinking in an inverse miniemulsion. Results from dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanosized spherical particles. Additionally, sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine polyaspartamides had remarkable biocompatibilities, indicating their promise as non‐fouling materials for biomedical applications.
Assessing sustainability opportunities for circular business models
Authors: Averina Elizaveta , Frishammar Johan , Parida Vinit 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs the unfolding climate crisis escalates, incumbent manufacturing companies are increasingly sensing and seizing sustainability opportunities—ideas that help to generate value in a more sustainable way than existing alternatives. Prior literature has underscored the importance of opportunity recognition and has theorized various types of circular business models to address sustainability in practice. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the step in between: undertaking an assessment that provides a foundation for subsequently pursuing a circular business model. Based on a multiple case study of four innovation projects pursuing sustainability, this article identifies capability assessment, ecosystem alignment, and value‐capture viability as key dimensions in evaluating sustainability opportunities prior to circular business model design and development. These insights are aggregated into a framework that allows companies to conduct a systematic assessment of sustainability opportunities in practice. The framework provides new theoretical implications for the literature on circular economy and business model innovation, and it offers hands‐on advice for management practice.
Extractive Fermentation Processes: Modes of Operation and Application
Authors: Teke George M. , Tai Siew L. , Pott Robert W. M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBioprocesses can be hampered by product concentrations within a fermentation leading to product‐inhibition, and reductions in yield and productivity. This limitation impacts operational considerations, process economics, and viability, and, ultimately, whether a technology is industrially viable. One approach to circumventing these concerns is in situ extraction of products. In this way, the organism is no longer exposed to the inhibitory product, and fermentation can proceed, often at improved rates. Significant advances in this field have been made in recent years, however, they are for the most part siloed into sub‐fields (focusing on the product extracted, or the method of extraction). This review considers in situ extraction more holistically in terms of i) the separation methodology, ii) the mode of reactor operation, and iii) the physical reactor configuration. The summary hopes to give insight into promising areas for research and potentially spark ideas for novel in situ extractive processes.
Novel Lipophilic Fluorophores with Highly Acidity‐Dependent Two‐Photon Response
Authors: Rammo Matt , Trummal Aleksander , Uudsemaa Merle , Pahapill Juri , Petritsenko Katrin , Sildoja Meelis‐Mait , Stark Charles W. , Selberg Sigrid , Leito Ivo , Palmi Kirsti , Adamson Jasper , Rebane Aleksander 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLipophilic fluorophores are widely implemented in nonlinear microscopy; however, few existing membrane‐specific probes combine the high brightness of two‐photon excited fluorescence (2PEF) with pH sensitivity. Herein we describe four novel two‐photon excited fluorophores, based on a coumarin 151 core structure, where lipophilicity is induced by a covalently attached phosphazene moiety. Changing the environmental acidity using trifluoromethanesulfonic (triflic) acid leads to profound changes in the linear fluorescence and 2PEF characteristics, due to chromophores’ switching between neutral‐ and protonated forms. We characterize this dependence by measuring the two‐photon absorption (2PA) spectra over the region λ2PA=550–1000 nm, observing 2PA cross sections of σ2PA=10–20 GM, with an associated 2PEF brightness of 10–13 GM, in neutral solutions of both acetonitrile and n‐octanol. Although quantum chemical modelling and NMR measurements show that, at high chromophore concentrations, protonation may be accompanied by a dimerization process, these dimers likely do not form at the lower concentrations used in optical spectroscopy.
A Masked Form of an O‐Borylated Breslow Intermediate for the Diastereoselective FLP‐Type Activation of Aldehydes
Authors: Fajardo Angelica Mejia , Queyriaux Nicolas , Camy Aurèle , Vendier Laure , Grellier Mary , del Rosal Iker , Maron Laurent , Bontemps Sébastien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBreslow intermediates are very often elusive species whose application in frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry is unprecedented. Described herein is the use of a masked form of an O‐borylated Breslow (OBB) intermediate that performs FLP‐type activation of the carbonyl function of five different benzaldehyde derivatives with complete diastereoselectivity. The resulting compounds are characterised in solution by NMR spectroscopy (compounds 4–8) and in solid state by X‐ray diffraction analysis (compounds 4–6). A combined kinetic and theoretical investigation reveals the associative nature of the rate determining step and suggests that the OBB intermediate part is never released during the whole process.
A Redox‐Active Microporous Organosiloxane Containing a Stable Neutral Radical, Trioxotriangulene
Authors: Murata Tsuyoshi , Asakura Noriaki , Tsuji Ryotaro , Kanzaki Yuki , Sato Kazunobu , Takui Takeji , Morita Yasushi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new silyl‐substituted trioxotriangulene (TOT) neutral radical and corresponding porous organosiloxanes (POSs) were synthesized. The neutral radical exhibited a peculiarly high stability and formed a diamagnetic π‐dimer characteristic to TOT neutral radicals stabilized by the strong multiple SOMO‐SOMO interaction in both solution and solid states. POSs including TOT units within the organosiloxane‐wall were prepared by polycondensation of the silyl groups and formed microporous structures with ∼1 nm‐size diameters. Redox ability of TOT units in the POS was demonstrated by the treatment of oxidant/reductant in heterogeneous suspension condition, where the TOT units were reversibly converted between reduced and neutral radical species. Furthermore, the solid‐state electrochemical measurements of the POS revealed the reversible multi‐stage redox ability of TOT units involving polyanionic species within the organosiloxane‐wall.
Enantioselective synthesis and selective functionalization of 4‐aminotetrahydroquinolines as novel GLP‐1 secretagogues
Authors: Kazancioglu Mustafa Z. , Quirion Kevin , Wipf Peter , Skoda Erin M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolysubstituted tetrahydroquinolines were obtained in moderate to high yields (28% to 92%) and enantiomeric ratios (er 89:11 to 99:1) by a three‐component Povarov reaction using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst. Significantly, post‐Povarov functional group interconversions allowed a rapid access to a library of 36 enantioenriched 4‐aminotetrahydroquinoline derivatives featuring five points of diversity. Selected analogs were assayed for their ability to function as glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) secretagogues.
Deadline‐constrained cost‐energy aware workflow scheduling in cloud
Authors: Bugingo Emmanuel , Zheng Wei , Lei Zhenfeng , Zhang Defu , Sebakara Samuel Rene Adolphe , Zhang Dongzhan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNowadays, scientists are dealing with large‐scale scientific workflows that need a high processing capacity platform to facilitate on‐time completion. Cloud computing is the ideal platform to overcome this problem as it has several resources that scientists may choose from depending on the size of their applications. However, using cloud computing requires some monetary charges. Recently cloud computing providers started a new pricing schema that offers to their users a set of resources with specific combinations of CPU frequency configurations settings and price. The selected configurations settings reflect energy consumption. Besides, the configuration selection to meet users' satisfaction (minimum cost) and providers' satisfaction (energy saving) is crucial. Therefore, a multiobjective (cost and energy) efficient mechanism is essential. In this article, we address an important novel problem concerning multiobjective deadline constrained workflow scheduling in the cloud. We first study the relationship between cost minimization and minimization of the energy consumption in a cloud environment, and then discuss, develop, and propose an algorithm with two variants to help the system satisfy both sides (users and providers) at the same time during the selection of the configuration. The proposed heuristic is evaluated using specified real‐world applications. The observed results indicate that our heuristic can reduce significantly the energy consumption and the cost at the same time.
Attention virtual adversarial based semi‐supervised question generation
Authors: An Jing , Wang Kefan , Sun Hui , Cui Can , Li Wei , Ma Chao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractQuestion generation (QG) refers to the automatic generation of questions based on the given passages and answers, and has a wide range of application scenarios in human–computer interaction, education, medical and other fields. However, for Chinese QG, due to the lack of word separation in the writing rules of Chinese text, many methods are not suitable for it, and the generated results have incorrect word order and invalid expressions. In addition, traditional models only use labeled data, but it is difficult and expensive to obtain data labels. In order to solve this problem, this article proposes a semi‐supervised QG model termed virtual stroke‐aware copy network (VSAC Net). It is based on virtual adversarial training and can be used for Chinese QG tasks with few labeled samples. The VSAC Net model combines word embedding virtual counter disturbance and attention virtual counter disturbance, the fitting of the input layer and the attention layer is taken into account, and reduces the overfitting of the model. According to Dureader dataset, a small sample QG dataset is constructed, and the VSAC Net is used for solving. The results show that the proposed model can achieve a better generation effect on small sample datasets.
Response to “comments on the paper titled: Parameter extraction of single‐diode photovoltaic module using experimental current‐voltage data”
Authors: Sreekantha S. , Yammani Chandrasekhar 
Published: December 2021

SummaryIn this letter to Editor, we wish to respond to the comments given by Toledo et al. (2021) to our recent publication (Sreekantha Reddy & Yammani, 2021).