bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in Transverse Slope of Water Surface at River Bend: A Numerical Study
Authors: Rahman Priyata , Ali Md Shahjahan 
Published: July 2021

Generation of secondary current in a meandering river flow due to the centrifugal force acting on the bend is three dimensional (3D) in nature. But in case of practical problems like alluvial geomorphic processes, 3D models are not proved to be efficient. Hence, two dimensional (2D) models are generally adopted for such problems. This study offers a presentation of numerical simulation results for turbulent flows around bends of a meandering channel for different meander angles. 2D models were built by the use of iRIC Nays2DH solver for flow simulation of 45˚, 90˚, 135˚, 180˚ meandering bends with varying widths of 0.15m, 0.25m, 0.75m, 1.00m, 1.25m and 1.50m considering constant Froude number with constant meandering length (ML/W) and constant radius of curvature (R/W). Zero equation model was used as turbulence closure with finite differential advections as upwind scheme. The flow behavior has been studied at the apex and cross over portions of bends. From the simulation, the velocity at outer bank was found to be lower than that of the inner bank while the water surface elevation was found to be higher than that of the inner bank. Increase in transverse slope of water surface at bend was observed for increasing meander angles, Froude numbers and decreasing channel widths.
Journal of Engineering Science 12(2), 2021, 93-101
IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD GOVERNANCE TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF VILLAGE GOVERNMENTS
Authors: Basri Yesi Mutia , Findayani Tusanti Igus , Zarefar Arumega 
Published: July 2021

Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning villages is the starting point for villages to manage their government independently. However, in the management of government, many villages are still weak in implementing good governance, so that it has an impact on their performance. This study specifically wants to examine the role of good governance in improving the performance of village governments. This study examines the principles of good governance, transparency, accountability, community participation and fairness towards village government performance. The population of this research is the village government in the Meranti Islands Regency. The sampling technique used was area sampling, so that a total sample size of 31 villages was obtained in Tebing Tinggi, Tebing Tinggi Barat and Rangsang Barat, Meranti Islands Regency. Data was collected through a survey by distributing questionnaires to respondents consisting of the village head, village secretary, head of financial affairs and head of general affairs. The analytical method used in this study is multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 23.0. The results showed that transparency, accountability, community participation and justice had a positive effect on the performance of the village government. This indicates that increased transparency, accountability, community participation and justice will improve the performance of village government in Meranti Regency. The research supports the stewardship theory that the village government will act to fulfill the interests of the village community.
La pedagogía de la enseñanza del pensamiento: Hacer visible el pensamiento
Authors: Ayala-Pazmiño Mario , Prieto-López Yeimer , Pizarro-Velastegui Jaime 
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación tiene como principal objetivo sistematizar teóricamente las rutinas de pensamiento y su influencia en el pensamiento visible y crítico, para la formación de las competencias investigativas. Para el desarrollo de la misma ha prevalecido un enfoque cualitativo y se destaca la aplicación de métodos científicos, tales como: el histórico-lógico para la determinación de los principales fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos, antecedentes, conceptos, y definiciones de la investigación, como proceso sustantivo clave y que amerita de un tratamiento constante, sistemático y permanente en todas las asignaturas con un enfoque interdisciplinar, también se empleó la sistematización teórica y el método holístico.
Se aportan los antecedentes que sustentan la investigación como parte del artículo científico de corte teórico, así como las rutinas de pensamiento vinculadas con la estimulación del pensamiento visible y crítico. Las entrevistas a expertos, posibilitó la elaboración de la propuesta para brindar solución al problema científico relacionado con las limitaciones que se manifiestan en los estudiantes en la formación y estimulación del pensamiento, así como un mejor tratamiento teórico y fáctico.
Estudio de Bauhinia thonningii y el impacto de diferentes disolventes de extracción en el potencial antioxidante de la planta
Authors: Morales Abdy , Mero Aldahir , Díaz Maricselis , Morán Juan , Samba Nsevolo , Rodilla Jesús , Guerrero De León Estela 
Published: July 2021

Bauhinia thonningii (Milne-Redhead) forma parte de la medicina tradicional de África occidental, donde sus hojas se emplean para tratar enfermedades inflamatorias e infecciosas. Investigamos el efecto antioxidante de los extractos de hojas (BAFA), corteza (BACA) y raíz (BARA) de Bauhinia thonningii, realizando extracciones con diferentes disolventes.
Valoramos la actividad antirradicalaria frente al radical DPPH, donde los extractos BARA-Acet y BARA-Eta desarrollaron una actividad antirradicalaria no inferior a Quercetina (73,1±0,8; 72,3±0,4 y 77,9±4,4 %, respectivamente). Otros cuatro extractos, BAFA y BARA en acetona y etanol, presentaron una inhibición de más del 65% del radical DPPH.
La actividad antirradicalaria del patrón Quercetina frente radical óxido nítrico (NO) fue de 57,7±1,2%, valores superiores al 50% también fueron obtenidos con BACA-Hex, BACA-Acet y BARA-Acet.
Fueron los extractos obtenidos a partir de las hojas de Bauhinia thonningii, BAFA-Acet y BAFA-Eta, junto con BACA-Eta, los que presentaron mayor actividad frente al radical anión superóxido (●O2−) (50,1±3,8, 51,9±2,5 y 50,1±3,7%, respectivamente), siendo similares a la eficacia demostrada por Quercetina (53,0±0,8%). Ninguno de los extractos hexánicos desarrolló actividad antioxidante frente al radical ●O2−.
En los ensayos de peroxidación lipídica, todos los extractos obtenidos de las hojas y la corteza de Bauhinia thonningii presentaron un efecto inhibitorio máximo superior al 90%, sin diferencias significativas cuando se compara frente al patrón Curcumina.
Concluimos que las tres partes de la planta evaluada poseen constituyentes con poder antioxidante y, además, que la mayor eficacia se obtiene cuando se emplean los disolventes etanol y acetona para la obtención de los extractos.
Illness cognition and depression among patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Nuraeni Aan , Anna Anastasia , Praptiwi Atlastieka , Nurhamsyah Donny 
Published: July 2021

Background: Depression is a significant predictor of the quality of life among patients with coronary heart disease. Therefore, it is essential to explore the factors associated with depression. Illness cognition is considered one of the factors affecting depression. However, the relationship between illness cognition and the incidence of depression among Indonesian patients have not been widely investigated.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between illness cognition, consisting of the acceptance, perceived benefits, and helplessness variables, and depression in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: This study employed a correlational research design with a total of 106 patients undergoing treatment at a hospital in West Java, Indonesia, selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Beck-Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and ICQ (Illness-Cognition Questionnaire). Data were analyzed using mean (SD), median, frequency distribution, and Spearman-rank. Results: 72% of respondents had no depression. Nevertheless, mild, moderate, and major depression suffered by 15%, 9%, and 4% of respondents, respectively. In terms of illness cognition, patients scored higher within the perceived benefits dimension (mean 20.13, SD 3.05), followed by acceptance (mean 18.22, SD 3.33) and helplessness (mean 13.20, SD 4.77), respectively. Furthermore, helplessness was significantly associated with depression (p <.01) with a positive correlation coefficient (r). Also, all items on the helplessness dimension had a significant correlation (p <.01) with depression accompanied by a positive r-value. Conclusion: Helplessness had a significant relationship with depression. So, cardiovascular nurses can anticipate depression in patients by making nursing interventions that can decrease the patients’ feelings of helplessness. Thus, factors that reduce helplessness need to be explored and taken into accounts in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease.
Perbandingan Tingkat Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Epilepsi antara Monoterapi dan Politerapi di Poliklinik Saraf RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Permana Hendra , Hardi Elsi Rahmadhani 
Published: July 2021

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological disorders affecting people worldwide. People with epilepsy have higher mortality rate than general population. Medication adherence is predictor for epilepsy outcome. Number of medication is one of contributing factors to therapy adherence. Aims: to determine antiepileptic drug adherence between monotherapy and polytherapy at Neurology Clinic Dr. M. Djamil Hospital. Methods: This study conducted at Neurology Clinic Dr. M. Djamil Hospital from May to June 2019. Medication adherence was assessed by using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) 8. Data was analyzed and level of significance was if p value ≤ 0.05. Result: We recruited 30 participants which consist of 14 (46.7%) female and 16 (53.5%) male. Median of age 31 (13-77) and 22 (73.3%) patients have high educational level. From 30 patient, 14 (46.7%) in monotherapy and 16 (53.3%) in polytherapy. Patient with high medication adherence 4 (13.3%), moderate 7 (23.3%) and poor 17 (56.7%). Statistical analysis showed no differences on medication adherence between monotherapy and polytherapy (p=0.79). Conclusion: There are no differences on medication adherence between monotherapy and polytherapy at Neurology Clinic Dr. M. Djamil Hospital.
Metabolic and Immunological Subtypes of Esophageal Cancer Reveal Potential Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: King Ryan J. , Qiu Fang , Yu Fang , Singh Pankaj K. 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundEsophageal cancer has the sixth highest rate of cancer-associated deaths worldwide, with many patients displaying metastases and chemotherapy resistance. We sought to find subtypes to see if precision medicine could play a role in finding new potential targets and predicting responses to therapy. Since metabolism not only drives cancers but also serves as a readout, metabolism was examined as a key reporter for differences.MethodsUnsupervised and supervised classification methods, including hierarchical clustering, partial least squares discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbors, and machine learning techniques, were used to discover and display two major subgroups. Genes, pathways, gene ontologies, survival, and immune differences between the groups were further examined, along with biomarkers between the groups and against normal tissue.ResultsEsophageal cancer had two major unique metabolic profiles observed between the histological subtypes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The metabolic differences suggest that ESCC depends on glycolysis, whereas EAC relies more on oxidative metabolism, catabolism of glycolipids, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the electron transport chain. We also noted a robust prognostic risk associated with COQ3 expression. In addition to the metabolic alterations, we noted significant alterations in key pathways regulating immunity, including alterations in cytokines and predicted immune infiltration. ESCC appears to have increased signature associated with dendritic cells, Th17, and CD8 T cells, the latter of which correlate with survival in ESCC. We bioinformatically observed that ESCC may be more responsive to checkpoint inhibitor therapy than EAC and postulate targets to enhance therapy further. Lastly, we highlight correlations between differentially expressed enzymes and the potential immune status.ConclusionOverall, these results highlight the extreme differences observed between the histological subtypes and may lead to novel biomarkers, therapeutic strategies, and differences in therapeutic response for targeting each esophageal cancer subtype.
Co-Immobilized Capillary Enzyme Reactor Based on Beta-Secretase1 and Acetylcholinesterase: A Model for Dual-Ligand Screening
Authors: Vilela Adriana Ferreira Lopes , Narciso dos Reis Vitor Eduardo , Cardoso Carmen Lúcia 
Published: July 2021

We have developed a dual enzymatic system assay involving liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) to screen AChE and BACE1 ligands. A fused silica capillary (30 cm × 0.1 mm i.d. × 0.362 mm e.d.) was used as solid support. The co-immobilization procedure encompassed two steps and random immobilization. The resulting huAChE+BACE1-ICER/MS was characterized by using acetylcholine (ACh) and JMV2236 as substrates. The best conditions for the dual enzymatic system assay were evaluated and compared to the conditions of the individual enzymatic system assays. Analysis was performed in series for each enzyme. The kinetic parameters (KMapp) and inhibition assays were evaluated. To validate the system, galantamine and a β-secretase inhibitor were employed as standard inhibitors, which confirmed that the developed screening assay was able to identify reference ligands and to provide quantitative parameters. The combination of these two enzymes in a single on-line system allowed possible multi-target inhibitors to be screened and identified. The innovative huAChE+BACE1-ICER/MS dual enzymatic system reported herein proved to be a reliable tool to identify and to characterize hit ligands for AChE and BACE1 in an enzymatic competitive environment. This innovative system assay involved lower costs; measured the product from enzymatic hydrolysis directly by MS; enabled immediate recovery of the enzymatic activity; showed specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity; and mimicked the cellular process.
Case Report: Uncommon Association of ITGB4 and KRT10 Gene Mutation in a Case of Epidermolysis Bullosa With Pyloric Atresia and Aplasia Cutis Congenita
Authors: Matyas Melinda , Miclea Diana , Zaharie Gabriela 
Published: July 2021

Background: Epidermolysis bullosa is a rare form of genodermatosis produced by different gene mutations. The junctional form of the disease (JEB-PA) can associate pyloric atresia, renal abnormalities, and aplasia cutis congenita.Case Description: A case of a male preterm newborn with suspicion of digestive tube malformation at fetal ultrasound and who was born by cesarian section. At birth, he presented extensive cutaneous aplasia on the lower limbs and bilaterally under ears; outer ear agenesis; nasal septum hypoplasia; micrognathia; multiple blisters on the face, trunk, and limbs; lower limb deformities and absence of toe nails. Pathological examination following a surgical procedure with unfavorable outcome showed pyloric atresia, junctional form of epidermolysis bullosa and aplasia cutis congenita. Homozygous variants in two genes were identified: c.3111+1G&gt;A in ITGB4 (class 5) and c.1498G&gt;T in KRT10 (class 3).Conclusion: The particularity of our case is the novel finding of a coincidental occurrence in the context of consaguinity of two mutations in the ITGB4 and KRT10 genes, and clinical characteristics of epidermolysis bullosa.
Exploring the Immunopathogenesis of Pregnancy With COVID-19 at the Vaccination Era
Authors: Lv Dan , Peng Jing , Long Rui , Lin Xingguang , Wang Renjie , Wu Di , He Mengzhou , Liao Shujie , Zhao Yun , Deng Dongrui 
Published: July 2021

Since December 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pregnant women are deductively considered to be in immunosuppressive condition for the safety of semi-allograft fetuses, which increases the risk of being infected by the virus. In this review, we analyzed the unique immunological characteristics of pregnant women and reviewed their known outcomes at different trimesters from the perspective of underlying mechanisms that have been studied and speculated so far.
Physical Activity as an Adjunct to Compression Therapy on Healing Outcomes and Recurrence in Patients With Venous Leg Ulcers: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Qiu Yunjing , Osadnik Christian Robert , Team Victoria , Weller Carolina Dragica 
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic venous leg ulceration is a common and costly clinical issue across the world, affecting up to 3 in 1,000 people. Compression therapy is recommended as the gold standard treatment in clinical practice, although a large number of venous leg ulcers remain unhealed after several years. Physical activity may improve healing although there is limited evidence on the effects of physical activity as an adjuvant treatment to compression to improve venous leg ulcers healing and prevent recurrence.Objectives: This scoping review protocol aims to systematically search, appraise, and synthesize quantitative research evidence to assess the effect of physical activity interventions applied in conjunction with compression therapy on venous leg ulcer healing and recurrence.Methods and Analysis: We will use the methodology framework suggested by Arksey and O'Malley, Levac et al., the JBI as a guide. We will also follow the three-step search strategy recommended by the JBI to systematic search for relevant published research, ongoing clinical trials, and grey literature. Two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts followed by full-text review to determine final eligibility for inclusion. The search process will be reported using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow chart. Characteristics of physical activity interventions, primary outcomes related to ulcer healing and recurrence, and secondary outcomes of interest included quality of life, pain level, adverse effects, and economic costs will be extracted and summarized. The review will provide a descriptive account of the findings from included studies. Where appropriate, data will be pooled for a meta-analysis using a random effects model.Discussion: Physical activity interventions represent a low-cost, potentially useful adjuvant treatment to compression therapy for the management of venous leg ulcers. Several gaps in knowledge remain that are answerable via a targeted scoping review. This protocol outlines the rationale, objectives, and the planned methodology for conducting the study.Ethics and Dissemination: The scoping review will use data from publicly available sources and ethical approval is not required. Findings from this review will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal, presented at relevant conferences and disseminated via social media.
Evaluating the Leucine Trigger Hypothesis to Explain the Post-prandial Regulation of Muscle Protein Synthesis in Young and Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zaromskyte Gabriele , Prokopidis Konstantinos , Ioannidis Theofilos , Tipton Kevin D. , Witard Oliver C. 
Published: July 2021

Background: The “leucine trigger” hypothesis was originally conceived to explain the post-prandial regulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). This hypothesis implicates the magnitude (amplitude and rate) of post-prandial increase in blood leucine concentrations for regulation of the magnitude of MPS response to an ingested protein source. Recent evidence from experimental studies has challenged this theory, with reports of a disconnect between blood leucine concentration profiles and post-prandial rates of MPS in response to protein ingestion.Aim: The primary aim of this systematic review was to qualitatively evaluate the leucine trigger hypothesis to explain the post-prandial regulation of MPS in response to ingested protein at rest and post-exercise in young and older adults. We hypothesized that experimental support for the leucine trigger hypothesis will depend on age, exercise status (rest vs. post-exercise), and type of ingested protein (i.e., isolated proteins vs. protein-rich whole food sources).Methods: This qualitative systematic review extracted data from studies that combined measurements of post-prandial blood leucine concentrations and rates of MPS following ingested protein at rest and following exercise in young and older adults. Data relating to blood leucine concentration profiles and post-prandial MPS rates were extracted from all studies, and reported as providing sufficient or insufficient evidence for the leucine trigger hypothesis.Results: Overall, 16 of the 29 eligible studies provided sufficient evidence to support the leucine trigger hypothesis for explaining divergent post-prandial rates of MPS in response to different ingested protein sources. Of these 16 studies, 13 were conducted in older adults (eight of which conducted measurements post-exercise) and 14 studies included the administration of isolated proteins.Conclusion: This systematic review underscores the merits of the leucine trigger hypothesis for the explanation of the regulation of MPS. However, our data indicate that the leucine trigger hypothesis confers most application in regulating the post-prandial response of MPS to ingested proteins in older adults. Consistent with our hypothesis, we provide data to support the idea that the leucine trigger hypothesis is more relevant within the context of ingesting isolated protein sources rather than protein-rich whole foods. Future mechanistic studies are warranted to understand the complex series of modulatory factors beyond blood leucine concentration profiles within a food matrix that regulate post-prandial rates of MPS.