bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes optical response modeling optimized by Differential evolution: algorithm convergence study
Authors: Chesalin Denis D , Pishchalnikov Roman Y 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes are the essential parts of thylakoid membranes of higher plants and cyanobacteria. Besides many organic and inorganic molecules they contain pigments like chlorophyll, bacteriochlorophyll, and carotenoids, which absorb the incident light and transform it into the energy of the excited electronic states. The semiclassical theories such as molecular exciton theory and the multimode Brownian oscillator model allows us to simulate the linear and nonlinear optical response of any pigment-protein complex, however, the main disadvantage of those approaches is a significant amount of effective parameters needed to be found in order to reproduce the experimental data. To overcome these difficulties we used the Differential evolution method (DE) that belongs to the family of evolutionary optimization algorithms. Based on our preliminary studies of the linear optical properties of monomeric photosynthetic pigments using DE, we proceed to more complex systems like the reaction center of photosystem II isolated from higher plants (PSIIRC). PSIIRC contains only eight chlorophyll pigments, and therefore it is potentially a very promising subject to test DE as a powerful optimization procedure for simulation of the optical response of a system of interacting pigments. Using the theoretically simulated linear spectra of PSIIRC (absorption, circular dichroism, linear dichroism, and fluorescence), we investigated the dependence of the algorithm convergence on DE settings: strategies, crossover, weighting factor; eventually finding the optimal mode of operation of the optimization procedure.
Post-selected double teleportation and the modelling of its related non-local properties
Authors: Delgado Francisco , Cardoso-Isidoro Carlos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Quantum teleportation is a notable basement of quantum processing. It has been experimentally tested with outstanding growing success by introducing improvements and applied advances in the last two decades. Its quantum non-local properties have let to discover and introduce novel implementations based on it in quantum processing, cryptography, quantum resources generation among others. In the current work, we develop a scheme performing double teleportation on two different virtual receivers, while the sender is still able to post-select the final target of teleportation. This process can be then used to generate non-local resources in a coordinated way. Those resources can be transferred to one of the receivers in the form of the non-local resource desired. They are analysed in terms of their parametric behavior, and properties derived from the CHSH inequality.
A general method for rotational averages
Authors: Nessler Reed , Begzjav Tuguldur Kh. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The theory of nonlinear spectroscopy on randomly oriented molecules leads to the problem of averaging molecular quantities over random rotation. We solve this problem for arbitrary tensor rank by deriving a closed-form expression for the rotationally invariant tensor of averaged direction cosine products. From it, we obtain some useful new facts about this tensor. Our results serve to speed the inherently lengthy calculations of nonlinear optics.
Experimental Validation of the Mean Pitch Theory
Authors: Meda T , Rogala A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There are several types of exterior ballistic models used to calculate projectile’s flight trajectories. The most complex 6 degree of freedom rigid body model has many disadvantages to using it to create firing tables or rapid calculations in fire control systems. Some of ballistic phenomena can be simplified by empirical equations without significant loss of accuracy. This approach allowed to create standard NATO ballistic model for spin stabilized projectiles named Modified Point of Mass Model (PM Model). For fin (aerodynamically) stabilized projectiles like mortar projectiles simple Point of Mass Model is commonly used. The PM Model excludes many flight phenomena in calculations. In this paper authors show the mean pitch theory as an approximation of the natural fin stabilised projectile pitch during flight. The theory allows for simple improvement of accuracy of the trajectories calculation. In order to validate the theory data obtained from shooting of supersonic mortar projectiles were used. The comparison of accuracy between simple PM Model and PM Model including mean pitch theory were shown. Results were also compared with the angle of response theory.
Collisions model between magnetic nanoparticles and the arterial wall
Authors: Garzón Daniela , Camargo Luz Helena , Rodríguez Diego Julián 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
At present, there are different treatments against cancer, however, some of them, such as chemotherapy, are very invasive for the human body, since they affect healthy tissues. Magnetic targeting of drugs by means of magnetic nanoparticles is one of the alternative techniques that has emerged in the last decade, it is based on the targeting of drug delivery to the tumor without affecting healthy tissues, via of injected nanoparticles with diamagnetic properties directly into the bloodstream, driven by external magnetic fields produced by permanent magnets. This technique in literature is often come upon as MTD for its acronym in English. In this work, a numerical model was developed in order to quantify the loss of nanoparticles in the process of interaction with the walls of the bloodstream. For this model, the Kinetic technique was used, quantifying the probability of adsorption and absorption taking into account the following parameters: diameter of the nanoparticle (200 nm), density of the nanoparticle (6450 kg · m
-3), diameter of the cell endothelial (0.1 μm - 1 μm), transcellular pores of the fenestrated endothelium (70 nm) and modulus of elasticity of the endothelium (4.1 ± 1.7 kPa).
Prediction of the microstructural grain evolution during selective laser melting by a cellular automata method
Authors: Wang Lin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The mechanical properties of additively fabricated metallic parts are closely correlated with their microstructural texture. Knowledge about the grain evolution phenomena during the additive manufacturing process is of essential importance to accurately control the final structural material properties. In this work, a two-dimensional model based on the cellular automata method was developed to predict the grain evolution in the selective laser melting process. The effectiveness of this presented model is proven by comparing the simulated and reported results. The influence of process parameters, like the scanning strategy, laser power, and scanning speed, on the microstructural grain morphology, are numerically evaluated.
Resonances of electromagnetic-induced transparency and electromagnetic-induced absorption at the transition with level momenta J=1/2 in unidirectional wave spectroscopy
Authors: Saprykin E G , Chernenko A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The physical processes that form the saturated absorption resonance spectra on the atomic transition with level momenta J= 1/2 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensities are investigated both analytically and numerically. It is shown that the narrow structures of the nonlinear resonance spectra (resonances of electromagnetic-induced transparency and absorption) and the processes forming them are determined by the direction of the light wave polarizations, degree of openness of the atomic transition, and the saturating wave intensity. The conditions under which the nonlinear resonance is exclusively coherent, due to the magnetic coherence of transition levels, are revealed.
Solving partial differential equations in deformed grids by estimating local average gradients with planes
Authors: Pohjonen Aarne 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
For constructing physical science based models in irregular numerical grids, an easy-to-implement method for solving partial differential equations has been developed and its accuracy has been evaluated by comparison to analytical solutions that are available for simple initial and boundary conditions. The method is based on approximating the local average gradients of a field by fitting equation of plane to the field quantities at neighbouring grid positions and then calculating an estimate for the local average gradient from the plane equations. The results, comparison to analytical solutions, and accuracy are presented for 2-dimensional cases.
Dissociation and recombination in the electrolyte flow model
Authors: Shobukhov A , Koibuchi H 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We propose a one-dimensional model for the dilute aqueous solution of NaCl which is treated as an incompressible fluid placed in the external electric field. This model is based on the Poisson-Nernst-Planck system of equations, which also contains the constant flow velocity as a parameter and considers the dissociation and the recombination of ions. We study the steady-state solution analytically and prove that it is a stable equilibrium. Analyzing the numerical solutions, we demonstrate the importance of dissociation and recombination for the physical meaningfulness of the model.
Monte Carlo studies on shape deformation and stability of 3D skyrmions under mechanical stresses
Authors: Koibuchi H. , Hongo S. , Kato F. , El Hog S. , Diguet G. , Uchimoto T. , Diep H. T. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study the stability/instability of skyrmions under mechanical stresses by Monte Carlo simulations in a 3D disk composed of tetrahedrons. Skyrmions emerge in chiral magnetic materials, such as FeGe and MnSi, under the competition of ferromagnetic interaction (FMI) and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and are stabilized by the external magnetic field. Recent experimental studies show that skyrmions are also stabilized/destabilized by uniaxial compressive stress perpendicular to or along the magnetic field direction. These phenomena are studied by using a 3D Finsler geometry (FG) model. In this 3D FG model, the DMI coefficient is automatically anisotropic by a geometrically implemented coupling of strains and electronic spins. We find that skyrmions are stabilized (destabilized) by extension (compression) stress along the direction of the applied magnetic field consistent with reported experimental data. This consistency implies that the 3D FG model successfully implements the magnetostrictive or magneto-elastic effect of external mechanical stresses on chiral magnetic orders, including the skyrmion configuration.
Group velocity dispersion in terahertz frequency combs within a generalized Maxwell-Bloch framework
Authors: Seitner Lukas , Popp Johannes , Riesch Michael , Haider Michael , Jirauschek Christian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As many molecules have their rotovibrational resonance frequencies in the mid-infrared or terahertz regime, efficient generation of corresponding frequency combs may lead to large progress in gas spectroscopy and sensing. Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are among the most promising candidates for a compact and cheap radiation source in this frequency range. This contribution presents a full-wave numerical solution of the Maxwell-Liouville-von Neumann equations, thus avoiding the limited applicability of the rotating wave approximation to moderate field strengths and spectral bandwidths. We include losses and chromatic dispersion of the optically active material in the QCL. The semiclassical approach uses the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to derive update equations for the electric field, starting from the one-dimensional Maxwell equations. There, the optical full-wave propagation is coupled to the electronic quantum system via a polarization term that arises from the evolution of the density matrix. Furthermore, dispersion effects are considered through a classical polarization term and losses are introduced by a finite material conductivity. This work mainly focuses on the integration of group velocity dispersion (GVD) due to the bulk material and, if applicable, the waveguide geometry into the update equations. It is known to be one of the main degradation mechanisms of terahertz frequency combs, but has not yet been added to the existing full-wave solver. The implementation is carried out as Lorentz model and is applied to an experimentally investigated QCL frequency comb setup from the literature. The reported results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Especially, they confirm the need for dispersion compensation for the generation of terahertz frequency combs in QCLs.
Differential operators and reection group of type Dn
Authors: Nonkané Ibrahim , Lawson Latévi M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this note, we study the actions of rational quantum Olshanetsky-Perelomov systems for finite reflections groups of type D

n
. we endowed the polynomial ring C[x
1,..., xn
] with a differential structure by using directly the action of the Weyl algebra associated with the ring C[x
1,..., xn
]
W
of invariant polynomials under the reflections groups W after a localization. Then we study the polynomials representation of the ring of invariant differential operators under the reflections groups. We use the higher Specht polynomials associated with the representation of the reflections group W to exhibit the generators of its simple components.
Bearing friction effect on cup anemometer performance modelling
Authors: Alfonso-Corcuera D , Pindado S. , Ogueta-Gutiérrez M , Sanz-Andrés A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the present work, the effect of the friction forces at bearings on cup anemometer performance is studied. The study is based on the classical analytical approach to cup anemometer performance (2-cup model), used in the analysis by Schrenk (1929) and Wyngaard (1981). The friction torque dependence on temperature was modelled using exponential functions fitted to the experimental results from RISØ report #1348 by Pedersen (2003). Results indicate a logical poorer performance (in terms of a lower rotation speed at the same wind velocity), with an increase of the friction. However, this decrease of the performance is affected by the aerodynamic characteristics of the cups. More precisely, results indicate that the effect of the friction is modified depending on the ratio between the maximum value of the aerodynamic drag coefficient (at 0° yaw angle) and the minimum one (at 180° yaw angle). This reveals as a possible way to increase the efficiency of the cup anemometer rotors. Besides, if the friction torque is included in the equations, a noticeable deviation of the rotation rate (0.5-1% with regard to the expected rotation rate without considering friction) is found for low temperatures.
On Harary energy and Reciprocal distance Laplacian energies1
Authors: Trigo Macarena 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Let G be an graph simple, undirected, connected and unweighted graphs. The Reciprocal distance energy of a graph G is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the reciprocal distance eigenvalues. In this work, we find a lower bound for the Harary energy, reciprocal distance Laplacian energy and reciprocal distance signless Laplacian energy of a graph. Moreover, we find relationship between the Harary energy and Reciprocal distance Laplacian energies.
An Action Principle for Biological Systems
Authors: Summers Richard L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the analysis of physical systems, the forces and mechanics of all system changes as codified in the Newtonian laws can be redefined by the methods of Lagrange and Hamilton through an identification of the governing action principle as a more general framework for dynamics. For the living system, it is the dimensional and relational structure of its biologic continuum (both internal and external to the organism) that creates the signature informational metrics and course configurations for the action dynamics associated with any natural systems phenomena. From this dynamic information theoretic framework, an action functional can be also derived in accordance with the methods of Lagrange. The experiential process of acquiring information and translating it into actionable meaning for adaptive responses is the driving force for changes in the living system. The core axiomatic procedure of this adaptive process should include an innate action principle that can determine the system’s directional changes. This procedure for adaptive system reconciliation of divergences from steady state within the biocontinuum can be described by an information metric formulation of the process for actionable knowledge acquisition that incorporates the axiomatic inference of the Kullback’s Principle of Minimum Discrimination Information powered by the mechanics of survival replicator dynamics. This entropic driven trajectory naturally minimizes the biocontinuum information gradient differences like a least action principle and is an inference procedure for directional change. If the mathematical expression of this process is the Lagrangian integrand for adaptive changes within the biocontinuum, then it is also considered as an action functional for the living system.
Numerical solution of generalized fractional Volterra integro-differential equations via approximation the Bromwich integral
Authors: Eshaghi Shiva , Ordokhani Yadollah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the generalized fractional Volterra integro-differential equations with the regularized Prabhakar derivative and represent the solution of this type of equations in the form of Bromwich integral in the complex plane. Then we select the hyperbolic contour as an optimal contour to approximate the Bromwich integral. Further, an example to show absolute errors for various parameters by using our numerical scheme on hyperbolic contour is given.
A comparison between current-based integral equations approaches for eddy current problems
Authors: Lucchini F , Marconato N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a comparison between two current-based Integral Equations approaches for eddy current problems is presented. In particular, the very well-known and widely adopted loop-current formulation (or electric vector potential formulation) is compared to the less common J-φ formulation. Pros and cons of the two formulations with respect to the problem size are discussed, as well as the adoption of low-rank approximation techniques. Although rarely considered in the literature, it is shown that the J-φ formulation may offer some useful advantages when large problems are considered. Indeed, for large-scale problems, while the computational efforts required by the two formulations are comparable, the J-φ formulation does not require any particular attention when non-simply connected domains are considered.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Relaxation Model for Non-Equilibrium Phase Behavior of Hydrocarbon Mixtures
Authors: Indrupskiy I M , Chageeva P A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mathematical models of phase behavior are widely used to describe multiphase oil and gas-condensate systems during hydrocarbon recovery from natural petroleum reservoirs. Previously a non-equilibrium phase behavior model was proposed as an extension over generally adopted equilibrium models. It is based on relaxation of component chemical potentials difference between phases and provides accurate calculations in some typical situations when non-instantaneous changing of phase fractions and compositions in response to variations of pressure or total composition is to be considered. In this paper we present a thermodynamic analysis of the relaxation model. General equations of non-equilibrium thermodynamics for multiphase flows in porous media are considered, and reduced entropy balance equation for the relaxation process is obtained. Isotropic relaxation process is simulated for a real multicomponent hydrocarbon system with different values of characteristic relaxation time using the non-equilibrium model implemented in the PVT Designer module of the RFD tNavigator simulation software. The results are processed with a special algorithm implemented in Matlab to calculate graphs of the total entropy time derivative and its constituents in the entropy balance equation. It is shown that the constituents have different signs, and the greatest influence on the entropy is associated with the interphase flow of the major component of the mixture and the change of the total system volume in the isotropic process. The characteristic relaxation time affects the rate at which the entropy is approaching its maximum value.
Parameter estimation for a simplified model of an electrolytic capacitor in transient regimes
Authors: Barbulescu Corneliu , Dragomir Toma-Leonida 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The real capacitors’ behaviour in electric circuits modelled by a single capacity deviates from the ideal one. In order to find better compromises between precision and simplicity, different C-R-L models are used. In these models, C, R, L are called equivalent parameters and take constant values. Under these assumptions, the capacitors are modelled as lumped parameter subsystems although it is well known that the real capacitors are essentially distributed parameter systems. As highlighted in this paper, the capacitors are also time-variant subsystems. To prove this, we use two types of experimental data: data measured during the capacitor’s discharge process and data obtained from frequency characteristics. The article proposes two estimation methods of equivalent values for the model parameters C and R based on their time variance highlighted by the experimental data. The estimation methods use a system of equations associated with the discharging of capacitors, respectively, with the frequency characteristics via polynomial regression. The experiments were carried out with an electrolytic polymer capacitor rated 220 μF, 25 V, 2.5 A rms, 85 °C, designed mainly for energy storage and filtering, the results being confirmed by experiments performed on other similar capacitors.
Identification test of elements remaining in the barrel after firing, using Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Plachá A , Prasula P , Recko J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The issue of elements remaining in the barrel after firing is crucial both for the safe use of munition, and its reliability. These elements maybe categorized as being part of a metal case or a projectile (for example, fragments of broken connectors between a metal band and a projectile), or those associated with a propelling charge (like unburnt propellant grains). Both groups are undesirable and reflect the ammunition improper work. During own shooting tests of a 120 mm mortar ammunition the problem of unburnt elements remaining in the barrel occurred. The collected material was tested using one of the thermal analysis techniques - Differential Scanning Calorimetry - to characterize and to identify the tested sample.
Grid-characteristic numerical method for medical ultrasound
Authors: Beklemysheva Katerina , Vasyukov Alexey , Ermakov Alexey 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Grid-characteristic method (GCM) is a fast and reliable numerical method that allows to model wave effects in viscoelastic media with high accuracy, including surface and contact waves. This research is dedicated to the application of GCM to the problem of medical ultrasound. Calculations for High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) were performed on 3D model statements for homogenous and inhomogeneous media, and a qualitative correspondence with experimental data was achieved. Numerical results include estimation of consumed energy (based on Maxwell viscosity model), velocity vector and stress tensor components. Various material parameters were considered, including relaxation time and inclusions of different types.