bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a nomogram for screening the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy in Chinese hypertensive patients
Authors: Ye Chaoyi , Wang Tingjun , Gong Jin , Cai Xiaoqi , Lian Guili , Luo Li , Wang Huajun , Xie Liangdi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLeft ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensives. Therefore, early identification of at‐risk patients is necessary. The objective of this study was to estimate the risk of LVH among Chinese hypertensives by designing a nomogram. 832 hypertensives were divided into two groups based on the presence of LVH. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable logistic regression were successively applied for optimal variable selection and nomogram construction. Discrimination power, calibration, and clinical usefulness were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. Internal validation was performed using the bootstrap method. The nomogram included five predictors, namely gender, duration of hypertension, age, body mass index (BMI), and systolic blood pressure. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.724 (95% CI: 0.687‐0.761), indicating moderate discrimination. The calibration curve showed an excellent agreement between the predicted LVH and the actual LVH probability. The risk threshold between 5% and 72% according to the decision curve analysis, and the nomogram is clinically beneficial. Internal validation by bootstrapping with 1000 samples showed a good C‐index of 0.715, which suggested that the predictive abilities for the training set and testing set were in consistency. Our study proposed a nomogram that can be utilized to assess the LVH risk rapidly for Chinese hypertensives. This tool could be useful in identifying patients at high risk for LVH. Further studies are required to ascertain the stability and applicability of this nomogram.
Priming of mesenchymal stem cells with a hydrosoluble form of curcumin allows keeping their mesenchymal properties for cell‐based therapy development
Authors: Colin Margaux , Dechêne Lola , Ceusters Justine , Niesten Ariane , Demazy Catherine , Lagneaux Laurence , Zouaoui Boudjeltia Karim , Franck Thierry , Van Antwerpen Pierre , Renard Patricia , Mathieu Véronique , Serteyn Didier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells are increasingly studied for their use as drug‐carrier in addition to their intrinsic potential for regenerative medicine. They could be used to transport molecules with a poor bioavailability such as curcumin in order to improve their clinical usage. This natural polyphenol, well‐known for its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, has a poor solubility that limits its clinical potential. For this purpose, the use of NDS27, a curcumin salt complexed with hydroxypropyl‐beta‐cyclodextrin (HPβCD), displaying an increased solubility in aqueous solution, is preferred. This study aims to evaluate the uptake of NDS27 into skeletal muscle‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (mdMSCs) and the effects of such uptake onto their mesenchymal properties. It appeared that the uptake of NDS27 into mdMSCs is concentration‐dependent and not time‐dependent. The use of a concentration of 7 µmol/L which does not affect the viability and proliferation also allows preservation of their adhesion, invasion and T cell immunomodulatory abilities.
Chicago Classification update (V4.0): Technical review on diagnostic criteria for ineffective esophageal motility and absent contractility
Authors: Gyawali C. Prakash , Zerbib Frank , Bhatia Shobna , Cisternas Daniel , Coss‐Adame Enrique , Lazarescu Adriana , Pohl Daniel , Yadlapati Rena , Penagini Roberto , Pandolfino John 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEsophageal hypomotility disorders manifest with abnormal esophageal body contraction vigor, breaks in peristaltic integrity, or failure of peristalsis in the context of normal lower esophageal sphincter relaxation on esophageal high‐resolution manometry (HRM). The Chicago Classification version 4.0 recognizes two hypomotility disorders, ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) and absent contractility, while fragmented peristalsis has been incorporated into the IEM definition. Updated criteria for ineffective swallows consist of weak esophageal body contraction vigor measured using distal contractile integral (DCI, 100–450 mmHg·cm·s), transition zone defects >5 cm measured using a 20 mmHg isobaric contour, or failure of peristalsis (DCI < 100 mmHg·cm·s). More than 70% ineffective swallows and/or ≥50% failed swallows are required for a conclusive diagnosis of IEM. When the diagnosis is inconclusive (50%–70% ineffective swallows), supplementary evidence from multiple rapid swallows (absence of contraction reserve), barium radiography (abnormal bolus clearance), or HRM with impedance (abnormal bolus clearance) could support a diagnosis of IEM. Absent contractility requires 100% failed peristalsis, consistent with previous versions of the classification. Consideration needs to be given for the possibility of achalasia in absent contractility with dysphagia despite normal IRP, and alternate complementary tests (including timed upright barium esophagram and functional lumen imaging probe) are recommended to confirm or refute the presence of achalasia. Future research to quantify esophageal bolus retention on stationary HRM with impedance and to understand contraction vigor thresholds that predict bolus clearance will provide further refinement to diagnostic criteria for esophageal hypomotility disorders in future iterations of the Chicago Classification.
Histopathological comparison of pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid and submandibular gland
Authors: Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Sievert Matti , Iro Ann‐Kristin , Müller Sarina Katrin , Koch Michael , Schapher Mirco , Agaimy Abbas , Iro Heinrich 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate and compare the histopathological findings in pleomorphic adenomas (PA) of the parotid and submandibular gland with emphasis on the histological subtype and capsular characteristics.Materials and MethodsThe histopathological specimens of all patients with PAs of the parotid and submandibular gland between 2000 and 2020 were re‐examined by an experienced head and neck pathologist. Patients without representative slides allowing evaluation of the whole periphery of the PA were excluded from our study sample.ResultsNine hundred and thirty‐four patients formed our study sample (327 men, 607 women, male‐to‐female ratio: 0.53:1). Eight hundred and forty‐four cases had a PA in the parotid gland and the remaining 90 in the submandibular gland. Our comparative analysis showed that submandibular PAs are characterized by the consistent presence of an intact anatomical capsule, infrequent occurrence of pseudopodia and satellite nodules, and a low proportion of the high‐risk myxoid subtype.ConclusionOur study highlights significant differences between PAs of the parotid and submandibular glands in their histopathological characteristics. Their differences likely underlie the favorable surgical outcome observed in PAs of the submandibular glands and may explain the propensity of PAs of the parotid glands for local recurrences.
The chromosome‐scale reference genome of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) provides insights into linoleic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis
Authors: Wu Zhihua , Liu Hong , Zhan Wei , Yu Zhichao , Qin Erdai , Liu Shuo , Yang Tiange , Xiang Niyan , Kudrna Dave , Chen Yan , Lee Seunghee , Li Gang , Wing Rod A. , Liu Jiao , Xiong Hairong , Xia Chunjiao , Xing Yongzhong , Zhang Jianwei , Qin Rui 
Published: March 2021

SummarySafflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), a member of the Asteraceae, is a popular crop due to its high linoleic acid (LA) and flavonoid (such as hydroxysafflor yellow A) contents. Here, we report the first high‐quality genome assembly (contig N50 of 21.23 Mb) for the 12 pseudochromosomes of safflower using single‐molecule real‐time sequencing, Hi‐C mapping technologies and a genetic linkage map. Phylogenomic analysis showed that safflower diverged from artichoke (Cynara cardunculus) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) approximately 30.7 and 60.5 million years ago, respectively. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that uniquely expanded gene families in safflower were enriched for those predicted to be involved in lipid metabolism and transport and abscisic acid signalling. Notably, the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) and chalcone synthase (CHS) families, which function in the LA and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, respectively, were expanded via tandem duplications in safflower. CarFAD2‐12 was specifically expressed in seeds and was vital for high‐LA content in seeds, while tandemly duplicated CarFAD2 genes were up‐regulated in ovaries compared to CarFAD2‐12, which indicates regulatory divergence of FAD2 in seeds and ovaries. CarCHS1, CarCHS4 and tandem‐duplicated CarCHS5˜CarCHS6, which were up‐regulated compared to other CarCHS members at early stages, contribute to the accumulation of major flavonoids in flowers. In addition, our data reveal multiple alternative splicing events in gene families related to fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Together, these results provide a high‐quality reference genome and evolutionary insights into the molecular basis of fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower.
Investigating the relationship between emotional granularity and cardiorespiratory physiological activity in daily life
Authors: Hoemann Katie , Khan Zulqarnain , Kamona Nada , Dy Jennifer , Barrett Lisa Feldman , Quigley Karen S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEmotional granularity describes the ability to create emotional experiences that are precise and context‐specific. Despite growing evidence of a link between emotional granularity and mental health, the physiological correlates of granularity have been under‐investigated. This study explored the relationship between granularity and cardiorespiratory physiological activity in everyday life, with particular reference to the role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an estimate of vagal influence on the heart often associated with positive mental and physical health outcomes. Participants completed a physiologically triggered experience‐sampling protocol including ambulatory recording of electrocardiogram, impedance cardiogram, movement, and posture. At each prompt, participants generated emotion labels to describe their current experience. In an end‐of‐day survey, participants elaborated on each prompt by rating the intensity of their experience on a standard set of emotion adjectives. Consistent with our hypotheses, individuals with higher granularity exhibited a larger number of distinct patterns of physiological activity during seated rest, and more situationally precise patterns of activity during emotional events: granularity was positively correlated with the number of clusters of cardiorespiratory physiological activity discovered in seated rest data, as well as with the performance of classifiers trained on event‐related changes in physiological activity. Granularity was also positively associated with RSA during seated rest periods, although this relationship did not reach significance in this sample. These findings are consistent with constructionist accounts of emotion that propose concepts as a key mechanism underlying individual differences in emotional experience, physiological regulation, and physical health.
Donor‐derived human herpesvirus 8 infection with Kaposi sarcoma and Kaposi sarcoma inflammatory cytokine syndrome in a heart transplant recipient: A case report
Authors: Antonio Russo , Laura Giovannini , Nicolina Conti , Elena Sabattini , Luca Vizioli , Tiziana Lazzarotto , Luciano Potena , Davide Pacini , Nazzareno Galie’ 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHuman herpesvirus‐8 (HHV‐8) infection is associated with neoplastic and non‐neoplastic diseases in immunocompromised patients. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a common malignancy reported in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Kaposi sarcoma inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS), initially described in HIV patients, is characterized by high viral loads, elevated levels of cytokines, cytopenia, high fever, organ failure, and poor outcome. We report the case of a 54‐year‐old patient who developed simultaneous occurrence of KS of lymph nodes and KICS as a complication of primary donor‐transmitted HHV‐8 infection, after heart transplantation (HT). The diagnosis, management, and prognosis of this condition are unclear and needs a multidisciplinary approach.
Fast A‐type currents shape a rapidly adapting form of delayed short latency firing of excitatory superficial dorsal horn neurons that express the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor
Authors: Sinha Ghanshyam P. , Prasoon Pranav , Smith Bret N. , Taylor Bradley K. 
Published: March 2021

Key points
Neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor‐expressing neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord contribute to chronic pain.
For the first time, we characterized the firing patterns of Y1‐expressing neurons in Y1eGFP reporter mice.
Under hyperpolarized conditions, most Y1eGFP neurons exhibited fast A‐type potassium currents and delayed, short‐latency firing (DSLF).
Y1eGFP DSLF neurons were almost always rapidly adapting and often exhibited rebound spiking, characteristics of spinal pain neurons under the control of T‐type calcium channels.
These results will inspire future studies to determine whether tissue or nerve injury downregulates the channels that underlie A‐currents, thus unmasking membrane hyperexcitability in Y1‐expressing dorsal horn neurons, leading to persistent pain.
AbstractNeuroanatomical and behavioural evidence indicates that neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor‐expressing interneurons (Y1‐INs) in the superficial dorsal horn (SDH) are predominantly excitatory and contribute to chronic pain. Using an adult ex vivo spinal cord slice preparation from Y1eGFP reporter mice, we characterized firing patterns in response to steady state depolarizing current injection of GFP‐positive cells in lamina II, the great majority of which expressed Y1 mRNA (88%). Randomly sampled (RS) and Y1eGFP neurons exhibited five firing patterns: tonic, initial burst, phasic, delayed short‐latency <180 ms (DSLF) and delayed long‐latency >180 ms (DLLF). When studied at resting membrane potential, most RS neurons exhibited delayed firing, while most Y1eGFP neurons exhibited phasic firing. A preconditioning membrane hyperpolarization produced only subtle changes in the firing patterns of RS neurons, but dramatically shifted Y1eGFP neurons to DSLF (46%) and DLLF (24%). In contrast to RS DSLF neurons, which rarely exhibited spike frequency adaptation, Y1eGFP DSLF neurons were almost always rapidly adapting, a characteristic of nociceptive‐responsive SDH neurons. Rebound spiking was more prevalent in Y1eGFP neurons (6% RS vs. 32% Y1eGFP), indicating enrichment of T‐type calcium currents. Y1eGFP DSLF neurons exhibited fast A‐type potassium currents that are known to delay or limit action potential firing and exhibited smaller current density as compared to RS DSLF neurons. Our results will inspire future studies to determine whether tissue or nerve injury downregulates channels that contribute to A‐currents, thus potentially unmasking T‐type calcium channel activity and membrane hyperexcitability in Y1‐INs, leading to persistent pain.
Incorporating End-Users’ Attitudes Towards Uncertainty Into an Expert System
Authors: Tian Yun Qi , Thurston Deborah L. , Carnahan James V. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Uncertainty is a real and unavoidable part of the design process. Uncertainty in the area of manufacturing cost estimation can have a negative impact on the desirability of design alternatives, and some might be deemed “too risky” for further consideration in spite of potential benefits. Expert designers obtain a sense of what level of risk is acceptable for different types of applications. Expert systems for design thus might include a set of necessary and reasonable assumptions which reflect a particular expert’s attitude towards risk and uncertainty. These assumptions may not be applicable for all users. In this paper we present an expert system for design which explicitly addresses the individual user’s attitude towards uncertainty. We have developed a spreadsheet user-interface for assessing this attitude through a utility function, and for linking those results to a heuristic rule base. The heuristic rule base contains only technical expertise used to determine a set of feasible alternatives, while the process of evaluating and ranking these feasible alternatives is driven by the user’s individual preferences and risk-taking profile.
Simplification of Feature Based Models for Tolerance Analysis
Authors: Martino Peter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a method for eliminating unnecessary parts, features, and dimensions from feature based models in computer aided tolerance analysis systems.
A typical tolerance analysis involves a dozen or so parts, or subassemblies. Each part may have dozens of features, and hundreds of dimensions. Many of these subassemblies, parts, features, and dimensions do not effect the tolerance analysis, and therefore are not needed. Computational effort can be reduced by eliminating the unnecessary items from the model.
Currently, tolerance analysis models are implicitly simplified by the user. The user examines the problem, and determines which parts, features, and dimensions can be ignored. The user then constructs his model, leaving out the unneeded items. This is true whether the analysis is accomplished with a computer aided tool, or with paper and pencil. Simplification of the model is essential. Practical tolerance analysis problems become overwhelmingly complex if every detail is included.
The method discussed in this paper is intended for use in computer aided tolerance analysis systems that use feature based, and dimension driven, solid modeling. It uses a combined tree and graph data structure. The tree structure represents the hierarchy of assemblies, parts, and features in the model. The graphs represent the dependence between features in a part, or parts in an assembly. An algorithm has been developed that searches this tree/graph model, locating the parts and features needed to accomplish the tolerance analysis.
A Logic-Based Integrated Manufacturing Planning System
Authors: Fuh Jerry Y.-H. , Chang Chao-Hwa , Melkanoff Michel A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop a methodology and a prototype system that allows the integration of product design and manufacturing planning. The task is achieved through an integrated CAD-CAPP-CAFP# environment. The system consists of three major modules, namely, Feature Analyzer, Process Planner and Fixture Planner. The manufacturing information of a part required for process and fixture planning is extracted from the 3-D geometric model and the 2-D engineering drawing, thereby both geometric and non-geometric attributes of a part can be obtained. An integrated approach to process and fixture planning is adopted to ensure that the process plan for a part is generated on the basis of a workable fixture plan. The approaches to feature analysis and to integrating process and fixture planning are introduced.
Efficient Modeling Method of Sheet Objects
Authors: Lee Kunwoo , Kwon Byung Wook 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper describes a new modeling method by which an object of a thin thickness can be modeled in an efficient way. In this study, a thin object, considered as a sheet model, is modeled by adding, cutting, and bending each sheet created interactively in the two dimensional working plane. Then the straight edges can be changed into curved ones for complicated shapes. Once a sheet model is completed, the corresponding solid is created automatically for a given thickness.
Compared to other solid modeling systems, the modeling method suggested in this study has the advantage of easy usage and short modeling time for sheet-like objects such as most plastic products.
Computational Analysis of Spin-Up From Rest of a Stably-Stratified Fluid in a Cylinder
Authors: Valentine Daniel T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents applications of a control-volume finite-difference method to flow problems in cylindrical geometries. The method is an extension of the method known as ETUDE, which is an Euler-explicit in time, transportive-upwind convection, second-order diffusion, finite-difference estimate. The primary purpose of this paper is to present an interesting new method that comes about from control-volume considerations, i.e., from a proper extension of ETUDE, to solve problems in cylindrical coordinates. One- and two-dimensional test problems are computed to illustrate the properties of this new method. The predicted results of the two-dimensional test problem are compared with similar calculations of the spin-up of homogeneous fluids reported in the literature. With the properties of the method established, it was applied to investigate the spin-up of a two-layered, stably stratified fluid initially at rest in a cylindrical container. The effect of the stable, density structure on spin-up is discussed.
Frontal Offset Pole Impact Simulation of Automotive Vehicles
Authors: Saha N. K. , Wang H. C. , El-Achkar R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A finite element model has been developed to simulate 25 percent offset impact of a vehicle to a rigid pole. The finite element model uses large displacement formulation and elastic-plastic material models. Techniques for crashworthiness simulation such as contact and sliding interfaces to prevent penetration of surfaces and hourglass control of mesh instability are also used. In a pole impact, vehicle front end members undergo large localized plastic deformation and usually fracture. In this study, the fracture process is simulated using effective plastic strain limit derived from component tests. The finite element model contains about 20,000 elements. It predicts overall vehicle deformation, acceleration, and velocity histories at key vehicle locations. Model predictions are compared with prototype test data.
High Speed Constructional Method of Stiffness Matrix Based on Object Orientation
Authors: Takahashi H. , Nagasawa S. , Sakuta H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with a method of high speed construction of stiffness matrix in FEM. The stiffness matrices of each element becomes to equal in following conditions. 1) Components of the B and D matrices are independent of global coordinate. 2) Elements have the same material properties and the same local coordinates respectively. This equality gives possibility of associable calculation to us. Hence, we can generate the global stiffness matrix at high speed by use of this feature. In this paper, a method of associable calculation by using equality of object ELEMENT based on object oriented concept is proposed. Futhermore, in comparison between conventional method and proposed one, relationship between accelerative rate and ratio of equal object and result of numerical experiment are described.
A Comparison of Analytical Predictions With Experimental Measurements of Transmission Error of Misaligned Loaded Gears
Authors: Vinayak Harsh , Houser Donald R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with the experimental study of dynamic transmission error of a gear pair. Two aspects of the experiment are discussed : 1) design of the test facility and data acquisition system and 2) comparison of transmission error and load distribution with experimental data. Several gears were tested under varying misalignments. A prediction program LDP (Load distribution Program) was used for theoretical calculations of dynamic transmission error.