bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetoelectric Nanoparticles Incorporated Biomimetic Matrix for Wireless Electrical Stimulation and Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Yusheng , Chen Suping , Xiao Zhanwen , Liu Xiaoyin , Wu Chengheng , Wu Kai , Liu Amin , Wei Dan , Sun Jing , Zhou Liangxue , Fan Hongsong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectrical stimulation is regarded pivotal to promote repair of nerve injuries, however, failed to get extensive application in vivo due to the challenges in noninvasive electrical loading accompanying with construction of biomimetic cell niche. Herein, a new concept of magneto responsive electric 3D matrix for remote and wireless electrical stimulation is demonstrated. By the preparation of magnetoelectric core/shell structured Fe3O4@BaTiO3 NPs‐loaded hyaluronan/collagen hydrogels, which recapitulate considerable magneto‐electricity and vital features of native neural extracellular matrix, the enhancement of neurogenesis both in cellular level and spinal cord injury in vivo with external pulsed magnetic field applied is proved. The findings pave the way for a novel class of remote controlling and delivering electricity through extracellular niches‐mimicked hydrogel network, arising prospects not only in neurogenesis but also in human–computer interaction with higher resolution.
Marked Passivation Effect of Naphthalene‐1,8‐Dicarboximides in High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Gao Yifeng , Li Zicheng , Qiao Lu , Xiong Qiu , Deng Longhui , Zhang Zilong , Long Run , Zhou Qin , Du Yitian , Lan Zhang , Zhao Yanfei , Li Chen , Müllen Klaus , Gao Peng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs game‐changers in the photovoltaic community, perovskite solar cells are making unprecedented progress while still facing grand challenges such as improving lifetime without impairing efficiency. Herein, two structurally alike polyaromatic molecules based on naphthalene‐1,8‐dicarboximide (NMI) and perylene‐3,4‐dicarboximide (PMI) with different molecular dipoles are applied to tackle this issue. Contrasting the electronically pull–pull cyanide‐substituted PMI (9CN‐PMI) with only Lewis‐base groups, the push–pull 4‐hydroxybiphenyl‐substituted NMI (4OH‐NMI) with both protonic and Lewis‐base groups can provide better chemical passivation for both shallow‐ and deep‐level defects. Moreover, combined theoretical and experimental studies show that the 4OH‐NMI can bind more firmly with perovskite and the polyaromatic backbones create benign midgap states in the excited perovskite to suppress the damage by superoxide anions (energetic passivation). The polar and protonic nature of 4OH‐NMI facilitates band alignment and regulates the viscosity of the precursor solution for thicker perovskite films with better morphology. Consequently, the 4OH‐NMI‐passivated perovskite films exhibit reduced grain boundaries and nearly three‐times lower defect density, boosting the device efficiency to 23.7%. A more effective design of the passivator for perovskites with multi‐passivation mechanisms is provided in this study.
Effective Piezo‐Phototronic Enhancement of Flexible Photodetectors Based on 2D Hybrid Perovskite Ferroelectric Single‐Crystalline Thin‐Films
Authors: Ding Ran , Lyu Yongxin , Wu Zehan , Guo Feng , Io Weng Fu , Pang Sin‐Yi , Zhao Yuqian , Mao Jianfeng , Wong Man‐Chung , Hao Jianhua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract2D hybrid perovskites are very attractive for optoelectronic applications because of their numerous exceptional properties. The emerging 2D perovskite ferroelectrics, in which are the coupling of spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric effects, as well as photoexcitation and semiconductor behaviors, have great appeal in the field of piezo‐phototronics that enable to effectively improve the performance of optoelectronic devices via modulating the electro‐optical processes. However, current studies on 2D perovskite ferroelectrics focus on bulk ceramics that cannot endure irregular mechanical deformation and limit their application in flexible optoelectronics and piezo‐phototronics. Herein, we synthesize ferroelectric EA4Pb3Br10 single‐crystalline thin‐films (SCFs) for integration into flexible photodetectors. The in‐plane multiaxial ferroelectricity is evident within the EA4Pb3Br10 SCFs through systematic characterizations. Flexible photodetectors based on EA4Pb3Br10 SCFs are achieved with an impressive photodetection performance. More importantly, optoelectronic EA4Pb3Br10 SCFs incorporated with in‐plane ferroelectric polarization and effective piezoelectric coefficient show great promise for the observation of piezo‐phototronic effect, which is capable of greatly enhancing the photodetector performance. Under external strains, the responsivity of the flexible photodetectors can be modulated by piezo‐phototronic effect with a remarkable enhancement up to 284%. Our findings shed light on the piezo‐phototronic devices and offer a promising avenue to broaden functionalities of hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics.
Narrow‐Bandgap Single‐Component Polymer Solar Cells with Approaching 9% Efficiency
Authors: Li Siying , Yuan Xin , Zhang Qilin , Li Bin , Li Yuxiang , Sun Jianguo , Feng Yifeng , Zhang Xuning , Wu Ziang , Wei Huan , Wang Mei , Hu Yuanyuan , Zhang Yuan , Woo Han Young , Yuan Jianyu , Ma Wanli 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTwo narrow‐bandgap block conjugated polymers with a (D1–A1)–(D2–A2) backbone architecture, namely PBDB‐T‐b‐PIDIC2T and PBDB‐T‐b‐PTY6, are designed and synthesized for single‐component organic solar cells (SCOSCs). Both polymers contain same donor polymer, PBDB‐T, but different polymerized nonfullerene molecule acceptors. Compared to all previously reported materials for SCOSCs, PBDB‐T‐b‐PIDIC2T and PBDB‐T‐b‐PTY6 exhibit narrower bandgap for better light harvesting. When incorporated into SCOSCs, the short‐circuit current density (Jsc) is significantly improved to over 15 mA cm−2, together with a record‐high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.64%. Moreover, these block copolymers exhibit low energy loss due to high charge transfer (CT) states (Ect) plus small non‐radiative loss (0.26 eV), and improved stability under both ambient condition and continuous 80 °C thermal stresses for over 1000 h. Determination of the charge carrier dynamics and film morphology in these SCOSCs reveals increased carrier recombination, relative to binary bulk‐heterojunction devices, which is mainly due to reduced ordering of both donor and acceptor fragments. The close structural relationship between block polymers and their binary counterparts also provides an excellent framework to explore further molecular features that impact the photovoltaic performance and boost the state‐of‐the‐art efficiency of SCOSCs.
Highly Efficient Full‐Color Inorganic LEDs on a Single Wafer by Using Multiple Adhesive Bonding
Authors: Mun Seung‐Hyun , Kang Chang‐Mo , Min Jung‐Hong , Choi Soo‐Young , Jeong Woo‐Lim , Kim Gi‐Gwan , Lee Je‐Sung , Kim Kyung‐Pil , Ko Heung Cho , Lee Dong‐Seon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMonolithic integration is a promising way to realize full‐color high‐resolution displays. However, it is still a challenge to realize a highly efficient full‐color light‐emitting diode (LED) adopting color conversion layer. In this work, red, green, and blue inorganic LED thin films grown on respective substrates for high‐quality epitaxial layers are integrated on a single substrate using a multiple adhesive bonding technique. It is verified that the stacked thin films are structurally stable. After the multiple bonding, respective subpixels are formed by using standard photolithography only without a mass transfer process, showing the possibility of applying them to a high‐resolution micro‐LED display. Even after the bonding, the device still maintains high efficiency without deteriorating performance. The integrated subpixels are not only independently operated by controlling input power, but the light emission can also cover a wide range of the color space, about 83% compared to Rec.2020 color space.
Corrosion Resistance and Formation Mechanism of Anodic Oxidation–Organic Structure Super‐Hydrophobic Self‐Assembled Film
Authors: Wen Yuqing , Li Jiaojiao , Wang Qi , Cao Yijun , Shang Wei , Peng Ning 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this article, the perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (POTS) is used as a low surface energy substance to self‐assemble in Al2O3 surface to prepare a corrosion‐resistant composite film by anodization and self‐assembly technology. The morphology, structure, wettability, and chemical composition of the composite film are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, water contact angle, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance of the composite film is tested through electrochemical test and the neutral salt spray test, and various pollution simulations are performed to test the self‐cleaning performance of the film. The formation mechanism of the film is discussed by quantum chemical calculations. The results show that compared with Al alloy, the AC impedance of the composite film is increased by five orders of magnitude, the corrosion current density is reduced by three orders of magnitude, and the neutral salt spray corrosion test reaches 31 days. Meanwhile, theoretical studies of quantum chemical calculations show that Al2O3/POTS film is adsorbed on the surface of Al alloys through SiOAl chemical bonds. This work puts forward scientific viewpoints and novel design concepts to create effective anti‐corrosion coatings to protect Al alloys, and then expand its potential applications in other fields.
Tollens Reaction‐Based Integration of Thin Film Wall Electrodes into Microfluidic PDMS Devices
Authors: Linz Georg , Rauer Sebastian Bernhard , Stüwe Lucas , Bell Daniel Josef , Rausch Markus , Wessling Matthias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe integration of electrodes into microfluidic devices is a prerequisite for several key technologies such as electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, electrowetting, or analysis and manipulation of biological cells in organ‐on‐a‐chip applications. However, conventional sputtering or metal deposition methods result in electrodes on the top or the bottom of the microfluidic device leading to either an inhomogeneous electrical field or considerable restrictions regarding optical analysis methods. Here, a novel method for integrating electrodes into microfluidic devices based on the deposition of silver films on the sidewalls of microfluidic channels by Tollens reaction is presented. Aldehydes diffuse readily through polydimethylsiloxane walls and reduce noble metal ions such as silver, which in turn precipitate and deposit on the phase border as homogeneous thin layers. The process results in sidewall electrodes that adopt the channel's geometry and offer a highly homogeneous electrical field in the case of a rectangular channel. The electrodes were analyzed by dissipative X‐ray (EDX) and electrical impedance spectroscopy, while the electrical field was visualized by particle image velocimetry. The method can fabricate electrodes in different shapes rendering the process highly promising for a wide range of different electrochemical applications in the field of microfluidics, while simultaneously enable optical analysis methods.
Facile Fabrication of Robust and Reusable PDMS Supported Graphene Dry Electrodes for Wearable Electrocardiogram Monitoring
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhang Ke , Yu Jiajie , Zhang Shuai , He Linxiang , Wu Sicheng , Liu Changbo , Deng Yuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGraphene‐based epidermal dry electrodes have generated wide interests in electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring to screen cardiovascular diseases in time. Nevertheless, the poor stability, mechanical strength, and integration are significant obstacles hindering further product marketing of graphene electrodes in health care. Herein, robust, reusable, and patterned graphene‐based wearable dry electrodes are fabricated based on laser writing technology and supported by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers. After bending tests over 10 000 cycles and high‐power ultrasonic treatments (5 h), graphene/PDMS electrodes are demonstrated to have excellent stability and reusability for ECG recording. Taking the advantages of the designable and efficient CO2 laser production technique, a “staff‐shape” graphene electrode consisting of six chest‐lead electrodes and corresponding lead lines can be facilely customized and fabricated according to users’ somatotype to greatly simplify the acquisition procedure of 12‐lead ECG, realizing the acquisition of V1–V6 ECGs for all‐round cardiac monitoring. After thorough analysis of ECG patterns, the integrated chest electrode exhibits desirable sensitivity and reliability comparable to wet Ag/AgCl electrodes. The reusable graphene/PDMS electrodes are suitable for long‐term ECG monitoring and the integrated electrode presents a novel strategy to wearable 12‐ECG recording.
Direct Fabrication of VIA Interconnects by Electrohydrodynamic Printing for Multi‐Layer 3D Flexible and Stretchable Electronics
Authors: Ren Ping , Dong Jingyan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMulti‐layer electrical interconnects are critical for the development of integrated soft wearable electronic systems, in which functional devices from different layers need to be connected together by vertical interconnects. In this work, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology is studied to achieve multi‐layer flexible and stretchable electronics by direct printing vertical interconnects as vertical interconnect accesses (VIAs) using a low‐melting‐point metal alloy. The EHD printed metallic vertical interconnection represents a promising way for the direct fabrication of multilayer integrated electronics with metallic conductivity and excellent flexibility and stretchability. By controlling the printing conditions, vertical interconnects that can bridge different heights can be fabricated. To achieve reliable VIA connections under bending and stretching conditions, an epoxy protective structure is printed around the VIA interconnects to form a core‐shell structure. A stable electrical response is achieved under hundreds of bending cycles and during stretching/releasing cycles in a large range of tensile strain (0–40%) for the printed conductors with VIA interconnects. A few multi‐layer devices, including a multiple layer heater, and a pressure‐based touch panel are fabricated to demonstrate the capability of the EHD printing for the direct fabrication of vertical metallic VIA interconnects for flexible and stretchable devices.
Nanosized BaSnO3 as Electron Transport Promoter Coupled with g‐C3N4 toward Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Production
Authors: Kang Xing , Shi Jinwen , Lu Huaiyu , Zhang Guiquan , Yao Jiantao , Hou Lulu , Chen Feng , Mao Samuel S. , Binas Vassilios D. , Shen Shaohua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA series of type‐II BaSnO3/g‐C3N4 heterojunction composites are prepared by anchoring BaSnO3 on g‐C3N4 via a facile solvothermal method. BaSnO3 is applied as an electron transport promoter in the field of photocatalytic H2 production under visible light for the first time. BaSnO3 shows excellent performance in collecting and transferring photogenerated electrons from g‐C3N4 to reactive sites, thus effectively inhibiting the recombination of photogenerated electron–holes. Consequently, the photocatalytic H2‐production activity of BaSnO3/g‐C3N4 composite is enhanced up to 3.2 times compared to that of pristine g‐C3N4. This work provides a meaningful reference for the application of electron transport materials in the field of photocatalysis.
Learning from Nature: From a Marine Natural Product to Synthetic Cyclooxygenase‐1 Inhibitors by Automated De Novo Design
Authors: Friedrich Lukas , Cingolani Gino , Ko Ying‐Hui , Iaselli Mariaclara , Miciaccia Morena , Perrone Maria Grazia , Neukirch Konstantin , Bobinger Veronika , Merk Daniel , Hofstetter Robert Klaus , Werz Oliver , Koeberle Andreas , Scilimati Antonio , Schneider Gisbert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe repertoire of natural products offers tremendous opportunities for chemical biology and drug discovery. Natural product‐inspired synthetic molecules represent an ecologically and economically sustainable alternative to the direct utilization of natural products. De novo design with machine intelligence bridges the gap between the worlds of bioactive natural products and synthetic molecules. On employing the compound Marinopyrrole A from marine Streptomyces as a design template, the algorithm constructs innovative small molecules that can be synthesized in three steps, following the computationally suggested synthesis route. Computational activity prediction reveals cyclooxygenase (COX) as a putative target of both Marinopyrrole A and the de novo designs. The molecular designs are experimentally confirmed as selective COX‐1 inhibitors with nanomolar potency. X‐ray structure analysis reveals the binding of the most selective compound to COX‐1. This molecular design approach provides a blueprint for natural product‐inspired hit and lead identification for drug discovery with machine intelligence.
Zn2+ Induced Phase Transformation of K2MnFe(CN)6 Boosts Highly Stable Zinc‐Ion Storage
Authors: Deng Wenjun , Li Zhengang , Ye Yaokun , Zhou Zhuqing , Li Yibo , Zhang Man , Yuan Xinran , Hu Jun , Zhao Wenguang , Huang Zhongyuan , Li Chang , Chen Haibiao , Zheng Jiaxin , Li Rui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrussian blue analogues (PBAs), featuring an open framework for accommodating large ions and tunable valence states, have garnered wide interest in the context of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). However, PBAs in ZIBs currently still suffer from low capacity and poor cycling stability due to structural instability. Here a K2MnFe(CN)6 cathode achieving a very stable capacity of 100 mAh g−1 is reported in a ZIB charged/discharged to 400 cycles. Interestingly, such a stable capacity is attributed to the fact that the K2MnFe(CN)6 cathode is gradually transformed to rhombohedral K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2, a process that is induced by Zn2+ insertion. The mechanism of the phase transformation is further investigated through ab initio calculations and detailed characterizations. The inserted Zn2+ is found to induce an intense Jahn‐Teller effect of the trivalent manganese, resulting in a strong lattice distortion. Coupled with the disproportionation reaction of manganese, the MnN6 octahedra are replaced by ZnN4 tetrahedra and produce the new K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 phase eventually. The robust structure of the resulting K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 phase contains wider channels for accommodating divalent ions and thus enables highly stable and reversible storage of Zn2+ ions. The findings of this work lead to a new understanding on the evolution of PBAs in ZIBs, and provide a promising cathode material.
Inhibiting Oxygen Release from Li‐rich, Mn‐rich Layered Oxides at the Surface with a Solution Processable Oxygen Scavenger Polymer
Authors: Kim Se Young , Park Chan Sun , Hosseini Shahrzad , Lampert Jordan , Kim Young Jin , Nazar Linda F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLi‐rich Mn‐rich layered oxides (LRLO) are considered promising cathode materials for high energy density storage because of their very high capacities that owe to the reversible redox of oxide anions. However, LRLO cathodes also evolve reactive oxygen species on charge, especially in the first formation cycles, which leads to reactivity with the electrolyte at the surface, reconstruction of surface layers, and deleterious impedance growth. Here, a strategy to enhance the cycle performance of a Li‐rich Mn‐rich layered cathode is demonstrated by scavenging the evolved oxygen species with a polydopamine (PDA) surface coating. PDA, a well‐known oxygen radical scavenger, provides a chemically protective layer that diminishes not only the growth of the undesirable cathode electrolyte interphase but also results in less oxygen gas release compared to an unprotected surface, and significantly suppressed phase transformation at the surface. These factors lead to improved rate capability and diminished capacity fading on cycling; namely a capacity fade of 82% over 200 cycles at a C rate for the PDA‐coated LRLO, compared to 70% for the bare LRLO material.
Ultrahigh‐Rate and Long‐Life Zinc–Metal Anodes Enabled by Self‐Accelerated Cation Migration
Authors: Zou Peichao , Zhang Rui , Yao Libing , Qin Jiayi , Kisslinger Kim , Zhuang Houlong , Xin Huolin L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAqueous zinc ion batteries are receiving unprecedented attention owing to their markedly high safety and sustainability, yet their lifespan particularly at high rates is largely limited by the poor reversibility of zinc metal anodes, due to the random ion diffusion and sluggish ion replenishment at the reaction interface. Here, a tunnel‐rich and corona‐poled ferroelectric polymer‐inorganic‐composite thin film coating for Zn metal anodes to tackle above problems, is proposed. It is demonstrated that the poled ferroelectric coating can better deconcentrate and self‐accelerate ion migration at coating/Zn interface during the electroplating process than untreated ferroelectric coating and bare Zn, thus enabling a compact and horizontally‐aligned Zn morphology even at ultrahigh rates. Notably, a maximal cumulative plating capacity of over 6500 mAh cm−2(at 10 mA cm−2) is achieved for the surface‐modified Zn metal anode, showing extraordinary reversibility of Zn plating/stripping. This work provides new insights in stabilizing Zn metal electrodeposition at the scale of interfacial ion diffusion.
Exploring the Charge Dynamics and Energy Loss in Ternary Organic Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Exceeding 80%
Authors: Zeng Yihan , Li Danqin , Xiao Zuo , Wu Hongbo , Chen Zeng , Hao Tianyu , Xiong Shaobing , Ma Zaifei , Zhu Haiming , Ding Liming , Bao Qinye 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTernary architecture is a promising strategy to enhance power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, among all the photovoltaic parameters that govern the final PCEs, the fill factor (FF) for ternary OSCs is generally below 78%, limiting solar cells’ performance. Here, charge dynamics in the ternary cells PM6:DRTB‐T‐C4:Y6 with a FF of 80.88% and a PCE of 17.05% are thoroughly investigated by a series of transient characterization technologies, including transient absorption spectroscopy, transient photovoltage, and transient photocurrent measurements. The impressive FF results from effective exciton dissociation, enhanced charge transport and suppressed recombination in ternary cells. Moreover, the correlation between the measured FF and the charge recombination‐extraction competition is quantitatively analyzed by using a circuit model. The ternary cells also show small energy loss (Eloss). The findings here provide insight into achieving high‐FF and low‐Eloss ternary OSCs.