bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drilling Fluids Project Engineering Guidance and Most Common Fluids Related Challenges for Deepwater and HPHT Offshore Wells
Authors: Ay Ahmet , Dogan Huseyin Ali , Sonmez Ahmet 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses both technical and project management aspects of drilling fluids services for deepwater and high pressure high temperature (HPHT) offshore drilling projects.The technical discussion part includes deepwater and HPHT specific fluids related concerns such as logistics, narrow drilling window, shallow hazards, gas hydrates, HPHT conditions and low temperature rheology; together with practical solutions for each of them. As some of these challenges cannot be met by only fluids itself, technologies such as managed pressure drilling (MPD), dual-gradient drilling (DGD) and use of special downhole tools are also included in the discussions.The project management aspect is covered for both the planning and execution phases. A newly developed Four Stage Planning Guideline (4SPG) with a recommended timetable is proposed for high-profile offshore drilling projects. Starting from fluids selection to preparation of the contingency plans is discussed in detail for the planning phase. Execution phase is discussed mainly for service company representatives on how to follow main or contingency plans effectively and ensure good communication is achieved with all parties involved.Work model presented in this paper can be used as a complete guideline by operating and service company representatives in order to increase the success rate of these high-risk offshore drilling projects and ensure learnings are captured in a structured way for continuous improvement.
Cable JIP: A Research Project to Assess the Feasibility of a Semi-Static Electrical Subsea Cable for the Power Take-off from a TLP-type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine
Authors: de Wilde J. J. , van der Nat C. G. J. M. , Pots L. , de Vries L. B. , Liu Q. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
CABLE JIP research project in 2017-2019 was initiated with the aim of studying the feasibility of deploying a novel semi-static electrical cable for the power take-off from a TLP-type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT). Today, expensive dynamic electrical cables are mainly used for the power take-off from demonstrator project FOWTs or from new FOWTs on the drawing board. For a TLP-type FOWT, the use of a semi-static electrical power cable instead of a fully dynamic electrical power cable (umbilical) is an attractive option to reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCoE). However, the electrical power cable in a dynamic offshore environment is vulnerable to failure, either at the floater side or at the seabed touchdown area. Moreover, the electrical power cable for power take-off is typically non-redundant, while the availability of the turbine(s) highly depends on this critical component to transport the produced power to the substation. The paper discusses the results of the CABLE JIP research project, with focus on the verification and calibration of the numerical models for the ULS and FLS assessment of the electrical power inter-array cable for a harsh weather test case with a TLP-type floating offshore wind turbine in 96.5 m water depth.
A Machine Learning Workflow to Predict Anomalous Sanding Events in Deepwater Wells
Authors: Kara Mustafa Can , Majeran Malina , Peterson Bret , Wimberly Tom , Sinclair Greg 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Deepwater wells possess a high risk of sand escaping the reservoir into the production systems. Sand production is a common operational issue which results in potential equipment damage and hence product contamination. Excessive sand erosion causes blockage in tubulars and cavities in downhole equipment (subsea valves, chokes, bends etc.), resulting in maintenance costs for subsea equipment that adds up to millions of dollars yearly to operators.
In this work, a scalable Machine Learning (ML) model readily accessing historical and real-time feed of sensor and simulation data is built to develop a predictive solution. Deployed workflow can inform Control Room Operators before significant damage occurs. An anomaly detection architecture, a common unsupervised learning framework for maintenance analytics, is deployed. Anomaly detection models include methods within the scope of dimensionality reduction. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Autoencoders are deployed to tackle the problem through reconstruction of the original input. During the workflow, a threshold is calculated after batch training and passed along with anomaly error scores in real-time. An alarm is triggered once the real-time anomaly score passes the threshold calculated during batch training. ML outputs are streamlined in near real-time to the database.
In this study, deployed ML model performance is benchmarked against a GOM Deepwater well where sanding is known to occur often. The ML Model architecture can process data that is captured by OSI PI historian, predict anomalous sanding events in advance, and is shown to be scalable to other wells in GOM. It is noted from this study that streamlined ML architecture and outputs simplify exploratory data analysis and model deployment across Onshore and Offshore Business Units. In addition, sanding stakeholders are notified in advance and can take early mitigative action before significant damage to wellhead or downhole equipment occurs instead of reacting to a possible sanding event offshore. The novelty of the utilized ML algorithm and process is in the ability to predict sanding anomalies in advance through ML batch training, infer prediction values near real-time, and scale to other assets.
Digital Twin For Offshore Pipeline Corrosion Monitoring: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Bhowmik Subrata 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Pipeline corrosion is a major identified threat in the offshore oil and gas industry. In this paper, a novel computer vision-based digital twin concept for real-time corrosion inspection is proposed. The Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithm is used for the automated corrosion identification and classification from the ROV images and In-Line Inspection data. Predictive and prescriptive maintenance strategies are recommended based on the corrosion assessment through the digital twin.
A Deep-learning Image processing model is developed based on the pipeline inspection images and In-Line Inspection images from some previous inspection data sets. During the corrosion monitoring through pipeline inspection, the digital twin system would be able to gather data and, at the same time, process and analyze the collected data. The analyzed data can be used to classify the corrosion type and determine the actions to be taken (develop predictive and prescriptive maintenance strategy). Convolution Neural Network, a well known Deep Learning algorithm, is used in the Tensorflow framework with Keras in the backend is used in the digital twin for corrosion inspection. CNN algorithm will first detect the corrosion and then the type of corrosion based on image classification. The deep-learning network training is done using 4000 images taken from the inspection video frames from a subsea pipeline inspection using ROV. The performances of both the methods are compared based on result accuracy as well as processing time.
Deep Learning algorithm, CNN has approximately 81% accuracy for correctly identifying the corrosion and classify them based on severity through image classification. The processing time for the deep-learning method is significantly faster, and the digital twin generates the predictive or prescriptive strategy based on the inspection result in real-time.
Deep-learning based digital twin for Corrosion inspection significantly improve current corrosion identification and reduce the overall time for offshore inspection. The inspection data loss due to the communication interference during real-time assessment can be eliminated using the digital twin. The image data can recover the required features based on other features available through the previous inspection. Furthermore, the system can adapt to the unrefined environment, making the proposed system robust and useful for other detection applications. The digital twin makes a recommended decision based on an expert system database during the real-time inspection.
The complete corrosion monitoring process is performed in real-time on a cloud-based digital twin. The proposed pipeline corrosion inspection digital twin based on the CNN method will significantly reduce the overall maintenance cost and improve the efficiency of the corrosion monitoring system.
Structural Analysis of Rigid High-Pressure Risers for Seismic Loads
Authors: Sonawane Mahesh , Vaidya Rohit , Haeberle Hunter 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Typically, the design of all offshore risers focuses on environmental loads i.e. wave loading, wind loads and currents. While these loads are ubiquitous in an offshore environment, accidental loading in the form earthquake induced seismic loads is an important criterion in the design of offshore structures. API RP 2A recommends site-speciﬁc studies as a basis for developing the ground motion speciﬁcation of the design criteria, particularly for sites in areas of high seismicity (Zones 3–5).
Seismic loads are low probability events in most cases and there isn't enough data in the initial pre-FEED / FEED phase of project to conduct seismic studies on the riser systems. Designers have to rely on past experience, code guidance, and assumptions for design data. In this paper through the means of two (2) case studies for a region prone with high seismic activities, we will demonstrate the challenges of designing rigid High-Pressure Riser Systems for seismic loads. A comparison will be provided for assumed loads based on code guidance and loads derived from preliminary seismic studies. In addition, comparisons will be provided for the final design loads achieved after the detailed platform design. The results will show the risks of relying solely on one source of data in the design process that can imperil the fabrication / procurement process with redesign due to unforeseen loads. Design optimization through proper centralization and other mitigation strategies will be presented for the benefits of future concrete based fixed platform projects.
Powerful Material Technology Removes Barriers
Authors: Roy Ting C. , Markel Daniel , Harrison Casey , Shelton James , Harp Leonard , Groesbeck David , Grullon Gustavo , Wilkinson Christian , Chakravarty Sanghamitra , Shenoy Ramachandra , Roy Indranil 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Strengthening materials through grain refinement often results in reduced ductility necessitating means to augment their elongation to failure for engineering applications. Grain boundary engineering (GBE), encompassing novel thermo-mechanical processing has shown promise of simultaneously enhancing both strength and ductility of materials and fracture behavior, especially with low stacking fault energy materials. The ultrahigh strength and reasonable ductility originate from dislocations being effectively blocked at the nano-twinned boundaries resulting in dislocation accumulation and entanglement. This necessitates the careful design of alloys and nano-composites, an effective harnessing of these unique sub-micron features to the benefit of engineering downhole tools for strategic applications. Enabled by these novel material developments, here we present two such articles for the unconventionals. First, a frangible barrier to abet placement of casings and liners through trapping an air column below the barrier while supporting a fluid column in the casing above, providing an up-thrust, a buoyant force that significantly reduces drag and lateral casing weight during placement. This is a viable concept because "shales don't kick". Second is the unmet need for a clean perforating tunnel allowing reduced fluid friction thus better reservoir connectivity. This has been achieved through the development of a novel shape charge with a reactive liner which during the detonation event, additionally generates reactive metallic glassy phase(s) and high entropy alloy complex(s) and their segregation in the deposited jet debris that lines the perf-tunnel. During flowback, reaction with aqueous fluids selectively etch these phases and stimulates the disintegration of the impervious skin on the perf-tunnel into fine particulates subsequently removing them, leaving behind a clear, clean tunnel.
Pengaruh Sari Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam) terhadap Abnormalitas Spermatozoa Ayam Kampung
Authors: Tethool Angelina Novita , Ollong Abdul Rahman , Koibur Johan Fredrik 
Published: August 2021

Antioxidants are substances that can prevent the occurrence of free radical antioxidation reactions in lipid oxidation. Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) is one of the plants endemic to Papua which contain high antioxidant. The aim of this research was to determine the abnormality spermatozoa of ayam Kampung which were received red fruit extract treatment. Eight cokcs were divided into 4 treatments, each treatment was repeated 5 times. The treatment consisted of control (P0) without extract, P1 with 0.5 mL extract/kgBW/day, P2 with 1 mL extract/kgBW/day and P3 with 1.5 mL extract/kgBW/day. The results showed that red fruit extract decreased the percentage of abnormality spermatozoa (P<0.05) compare to control (without red fruit extract). Forms of abnormality obtained was abnormalities on the head, namely swelled head, bent head, head detachement, knotted tail and smaller head, middle abnormalities, namely midpiece detachement and bending at midpiece border and abnormalities of the tail, namely bent tail, knotted tail, tail detachement and curled tail.
Profil Lemak Darah Pada Ayam Broiler Akibat Ransum Ditambahkan Ekstrak Buah Noni (Morinda citrifolia)
Authors: Krismiyanto Lilik , Suthama Nyoman , Sukamto Bambang , Yunianto Vitus Dwi , Wahyono Fajar , Mangisah Istna 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penambahan ekstrak buah Noni (Morinda citrifolia) dalam ransum terhadap profil lemak pada ayam broiler. Sejumlah 200 ekor ayam broiler dengan bobot badan 245,67 ± 10,27 g, eksktrak buah Noni (EBN), ethanol absolute, kertas saring, spuit, vacum tainer, alkohol dan alat tulis digunakan pada penelitian ini. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan (masing-masing diisi 10 ekor). Perlakuan yang diterapkan meliputi Kontrol (+) = Ransum control/RK, Kontrol (-) = RK+Bacitracin 0,04%, T1= RK+EBN 0,04%, T2= RK+EBN 0,08%, dan T3= RK+EBN 0,12%. Parameter yang diukur meliputi kolesterol, trigliserida, high density lipoprotein dan low density lipoprotein darah. Data dilakukan uji Anova dan beda nyata Duncan pada taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa penambahan EBN berpengaruh (p<0,05) terhadap kolesterol darah, trigliserida, high density lipoprotein dan low density lipoprotein. Penambahan EBN pada level 0,12% (T3) mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol, trigliserida dan low density lipoprotein darah serta meningkatkan high density lipoprotein darah dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Simpulan adalah profil lemak darah yang ditambahkan EBN sampai level 0,12% (T3) mampu menjaga kesehatan tubuh.
Kualitas Tepung Ikan di Pesisir Pantai Kabupaten Merauke Sebagai Bahan Pakan
Authors: Praptiwi Irine Ike , Wahida Wahida 
Published: August 2021

Catch fish that are not used as food can be processed into fish flour. The purpose of this study was to analyze fish meal from several types of fish found on the coast of Merauke RegencyThis test is carried out to see the physical and chemical quality.. From the research results of this study obtained the physical quality of fish meal can be which is categorized, both in mixing feed food and storage namely: the average density of 0.58 gr / cm3, surface area 53.88 cm2, pH 6.25, threshold power 1.15 m / sec and stack angle 27.260C, average ash content of 6.31%, protein 65.46%, fat 5.46%, crude fiber 0 and water content an average of 6.32%, These results indicate the quality of fish meal is included in standard I based on the quality of SNI 2013 as feed material. Eight (8) types of fish meal that have low economic value and potential to be developed as feed ingredients include Kaca fish (Kurtus gulliveri, Pasir fish (Platycephalus endrachtensis), Bete-Bete fish (Rhinoprenes pentanemus), Duri Herkules fish (Arius sp), and Duri putih fish (Arius leptaspis).
Level Pemberian Tepung Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) Terhadap Kualitas Dendeng Babi
Authors: Sipahelut Geertruida Margareth , Armadianto Heri , Noach Yakob R. , Riwu Agustinus R. , Dillak Sutan Y.F. , Riwu Junius Rede Lae 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research to determine the level on the quality of pork jerky (aroma, texture and TPC). The research design used was a complete random design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, and continued with Mann-Whitney test. The sensoric data used hedonik test according to Kruskal-Wallis method. The treatment consisted of R0 = without roselle flour, R1 = roselle flour 5g, R2 = roselle flour 10g and R3 = roselle flour 15g. The results showed that the addition of roselle flour 5g, 10g and 15g gave a significant difference (P <0.05) to the aroma and TPC values while the texture had no significant effect (P>0,05). But the best texture value is at the level of 10g roselle flour. Conclusion, The level of roselle flour influences the value of the aroma of jerky and can reduce the total bacterial growth in the pork jerky. The best activity level of 15g roselle flour can reduce the lowest total bacterial colony.
Dawn of artificial intelligence -Enable digital Pathology in Pakistan-A paradigm shift
Authors: Zehra Talat , Shaikh Asma , Shams Maheen 
Published: August 2021

Pathology particularly histopathology is considered to be a busy and challenging field. It is considered as gold standard for the diagnosis and management of patient particularly in cases of tumor. It has been more than twenty years since the introduction of whole slide imaging (WSI) in the developed part of the world. Various whole slide image (WSI) devices and use of artificial intelligence (AI) based softwares have transformed the field of Pathology1.
Digital pathology is a novel technology and currently being implemented in most of the developed part of the world.2 Once the patient’s data becomes digital, it is easily stored, reproducible on a single click and quality remains same. This data can be used to make disease models, disease trends and predict the outcome of a particular disease through data mining which will open new horizons of precise medicine.
The use of WSI with computational pathology and data storage devices have revolutionized the working in histopathology. The world witnessed an exponential rise in its adoption particularly after Covid-19 pandemic1. However, in the developing world either it is not being implemented or its use is still sub-optimal.
By realizing the potential of digital and computational pathology along with the use of artificial intelligence software, we can bring a drastic change in the field of personalized medicine in the developing part of the world 3. Numerous validation studies have been published indicating that WSI is a reliable tool for routine diagnosis in surgical pathology 4

Continuous...
ANALISIS PENERIMAAN INFORMASI PENGGUNA WEBSITE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (STUDI KASUS : dpmd.inhilkab.go.id)
Authors: Prasetyo Dwi Yuli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aims to predict the acceptance of information from DPMD website users by using the Technology Acceptance Model approach with the TAM construct, namely perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude toward using. This study is a quantitative study using a causal research design that aims to obtain causal evidence between research variables consisting of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and attitude toward using. The results showed that the people of Indragiri Downstream District rated the DPMD website as relatively easy and beneficial because the news displayed was very accurate, valid and of high quality. The attitude of the community using the DPMD Website is that users feel happy because it can provide many benefits and users enjoy using the website. The ease of use of the DPMD website and the benefits of using the website of the indragiri hilir district community and village empowerment service simultaneously have a significant effect on user attitudes in using the website. The ease of use of the website and the benefits in using the website of the indragiri hilir district community and village empowerment service partially have a significant effect on user attitudes in using the DPMD website. The variable that has a dominant influence on user attitudes in using the DPMD website is the ease of using the website.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi penerimaan informasi pengguna website DPMD dengen menggunakan pendekatan model penerimaan teknologi (Technology Acceptance Model) dengan konstruk TAM yaitu kegunaan persepsian (perceived usefulness), kemudahan penggunaan persepsian (perceived ease of use) dan sikap pengguna teknologi (attitude toward using). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian kausal yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti sebab akibat antara variabel-variabel penelitian yang terdiri atas perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness dan attitude toward using. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masyarakat kabupaten indragiri hilir menilai website DPMD relatif tidak sulit dan memberikan manfaat karena berita yang ditampikan sangat akurat, valid dan bermutu. Sikap dari masyarakat penggunaan Website DPMD yaitu pengguna merasa senang karena dapat memberikan banyak kemanfaatan dan pengguna menikmati menggunakan website. Kemudahan penggunaan website DPMD dan kemanfaatan dalam penggunaan website Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap pengguna dalam penggunaan website. Kemudahan penggunaan website dan kemanfaatan dalam penggunaan website Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap pengguna dalam penggunaan website DPMD. Variabel yang berpengaruh dominan terhadap sikap pengguna dalam penggunaan website DPMD yaitu Kemudahan penggunaan website.