bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Patients With Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumours, There Is No Apparent Benefit of Somatostatin Analogues After Disease Control By Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy
Authors: Syguła Aleksandra , Ledwon Aleksandra , Hasse-Lazar Kornelia , Jurecka-Lubieniecka Beata , Michalik Barbara , Paliczka-Cieślik Ewa , Zeman Marcin , Chmielik Ewa , Sczasny Monika , Jarzab Barbara , Handkiewicz-Junak Daria 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and somatostatin analogues (SSAs) are commonly combined as primary treatment for neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN), and SSAs given as maintenance treatment. We sought to evaluate whether sequential therapy with PRRT followed by SSAs has progression or survival benefits in patients with NEN.Methods This prospective, randomised, single-centre study had as principal eligibility criteria: unresectable, locally-advanced, or metastatic, histologically-confirmed well-differentiated NEN; no symptoms of carcinoid syndrome; no SSAs or ≤3 months of SSAs before PRRT; and stable disease or partial/complete response after PRRT. Altogether 115 patients were randomised 2:1 to an SSA group (n=74) given octreotide acetate LAR every 4 weeks, or to a control group (n=41) receiving best supportive care. Octreotide treatment was to stop upon intolerable toxicity or patient refusal, or, at physician/patient discretion, upon progression. Primary study endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).Results Overall, median (25th-75th percentile) follow-up from the first PRRT activity to death or latest observation was 6.6 (3.18-10.22) years. During that time, 71/115 patients (62%) progressed, 52/74 (70%) in the SSA group, 19/41 (46%) in the control group (p = 0.01). Eighty-eight /115 (76%) patients died, 58/74 (78%) in the SSA group, 30/41 (73%) in the control group (p = 0.52). Median (95% CI) PFS was respectively, 4.7 (2.8-7.7) in the SSA group, and 6.4 (4.1-not reached) years in controls. Median OS was 6,6 years in whole group of patients. Neither PFS nor OS differed between groups (p = 0.129, p = 0.985, respectively).Conclusions In patients with disease control after PRRT, subsequent SSA treatment appeared not to be associated with better PFS or OS. Whether to continue or stop SSA administration upon progression after PRRT requires evaluation in a prospective, randomised, controlled multicenter study with a relatively homogeneous sample.
The Mechanism of Hyperammonemia Triggered by Corticosteroid Administration in Late-Onset Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency
Authors: Imoto Koji , Tanaka Masatake , Goya Takeshi , Aoyagi Tomoko , Takahashi Motoi , Kurokawa Miho , Tashiro Shigeki , Kohjima Motoyuki , Kato Masaki , Ogawa Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is most popular among urea cycle disorders (UCDs), defined by the loss of function in any of the enzymes associated with ureagenesis. Corticosteroid administration to UCD patients, including OTCD patients, is well known to induce life-threatening hyperammonemia. The mechanism has been considered nitrogen overload due to the catabolic effect of corticosteroids; however, the pathophysiological process is unclear. We evaluated the effects of corticosteroids on urea cycle enzyme expressions and urea cycle-associated metabolites in OTC-deficient mice.Methods: The clinical courses of two adult-onset OTCD patients were presented. To elucidate the mechanism of hyperammonemia induced by corticosteroid administration in OTCD patients, we developed a mouse model by administering corticosteroids to OTCspf-ash mice deficient in the OTC gene. Dexamethasone (DEX; 20 mg/kg) was administered to the OTCspf-ash and wild-type (WT) mice at 0 and 24 h, and the serum ammonia concentrations, the levels of the hepatic metabolites, and the gene expressions of urea-cycle-related genes were analyzed.Results: Two adult-onset OTCD patients received multimodal treatment, including dialysis, and recovered completely from severe hyperammonemia. The ammonia levels in Otcspf-ash mice that were administered DEX tended to increase at 24 h and increased significantly at 48 h. The metabolomic analysis showed that the levels of citrulline, arginine, and ornithine did not differ significantly between Otcspf-ash mice that were administered DEX and normal saline; however, the level of aspartate was increased drastically in Otcspf-ash mice owing to DEX administration (P < 0.01). Among the enzymes associated with the urea cycle, mRNA expressions of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1, ornithine transcarbamylase, arginosuccinate synthase 1, and arginosuccinate lyase were significantly downregulated by DEX administration in both the Otcspf-ash and WT mice (P < 0.01).Conclusions: We elucidated that corticosteroid administration induced hyperammonemia in Otcspf-ash mice by suppressing urea-cycle-related gene expressions as early as 24 h. Since the urea cycle intermediate amino acids, such as arginine, might not be effective because of the suppressed expression of urea-cycle-related genes by corticosteroid administration, we should consider an early intervention by renal replacement therapy in cases of UCD patients induced by corticosteroids to avoid brain injuries or fatal outcomes.
Oscillatory Motion of Viscoelastic Drops on Slippery Lubricated Surfaces
Authors: Sartori Paolo , Ferraro Davide , Dassie Marco , Meggiolaro Alessio , Filippi Daniele , Zaltron Annamaria , Pierno Matteo , Mistura Giampaolo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The introduction of slippery lubricated surfaces allows the investigation of the flow of highly viscous solutions which otherwise will hardly move on standard solid surfaces. Here we present the study of the gravity induced motion of small viscoelastic drops deposited on inclined lubricated surfaces. The viscoelastic fluids exhibit shear thinning and, more importantly, a significant first normal stress difference N1. Despite the homogeneity of the surface and of the fluids, drops of sufficiently high N1 move down with an oscillating instantaneous speed whose frequency is found to be directly proportional to the average speed and inversely to the drop volume. The oscillatory motion is caused by the formation of a bulge at the drop rear that starts rolling around the moving drop.
Mouse Models Characterize GNAO1 Encephalopathy as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder Leading to Motor Anomalies: from a Severe G203R to a Milder C215Y Mutation
Authors: Silachev Denis , Koval Alexey , Savitsky Mikhail , Padmasola Guru , Quairiaux Charles , Thorel Fabrizio , Katanaev Vladimir L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
GNAO1 encephalopathy characterized by a wide spectrum of neurological deficiencies in pediatric patients originates from de novo heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding Gαo, the major neuronal G protein. Efficient treatments and even the proper understanding of the underlying etiology are currently lacking for this dominant disease. Adequate animal models of GNAO1 encephalopathy are urgently needed. Here we describe establishment and characterization of mouse models of the disease based on two point mutations in GNAO1 with different clinical manifestations. One of them is G203R leading to the early-onset epileptic seizures, motor dysfunction, developmental delay and intellectual disability. The other is C215Y producing much milder clinical outcomes, mostly – late-onset motor hyperactivity. The resultant mouse models show distinct phenotypes: severe neonatal lethality in GNAO1[G203R]/+ mice vs. normal vitality in GNAO1[C215Y]/+. The latter model further revealed strong hyperactivity and hyperlocomotion in a panel of behavioral assays, without signs of epilepsy, recapitulating the patients’ manifestations. Importantly, despite these differences the two models similarly revealed prenatal brain developmental anomalies, such as enlarged lateral ventricles and decreased numbers of neuronal precursor cells in the cortex. Thus, our work unveils GNAO1 encephalopathy as to a large extent neurodevelopmental malady. We expect that this understanding and the tools we established will be instrumental for future therapeutic developments.
Complete genome sequence of a novel fusarivirus from the phytopathogenic fungus Corynespora cassiicola
Authors: Liu Mingming , Liu Xintao , Zhao Hui , Ni Yunxia , Jia Min , Hu Peilin , Liu Hongyan , Tian Baoming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Corynespora cassiicola is an important phytopathogenic fungus and it has severely impaired the production of crops. In this study, we report on the molecular characterization of a novel (+) ssRNA mycovirus, Corynespora cassiicola fusarivirus 1 (CcFV1) isolated from C. cassiicola strain 20200826-3-1. Excluding a poly (A) tail, the genome of the virus is 6491 nt containing three putative open reading frames. The large ORF1 encodes a polypeptide of 1524aa with a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain, a helicase (Hel) domain, and a Phage-holin-3-6 (Phage-holin) domain. ORF2 encodes a polypeptide with a conserved Chromosome segregation ATPase (Smc) domain. The smallest ORF3 encodes a putative protein with an unknown function. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF1 and ORF2 of CcFV1 encoded polypeptide showed that CcFV1 is phylogenetically related to the newly proposed family Fusariviridae. Thus, we suggest that CcFV1 might be a novel member of the family Fusariviridae and is also the first discovered in C. cassiicola.
A Novel Force Variation Fine Blanking Process for the High-strength and Low-plasticity Material
Authors: Mao Huajie , Chen Han , Liu Yanxiong , Ji Kaisheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fine blanking is a kind of metal forming process with the advantages of high precision, good surface quality and low cost. Influenced by the concept of lightweight, a large number of metal materials with high strength are widely used in various fields. High strength materials are prone to be cracked during plastic deformation due to their poor plasticity, which limits the application range of them. This paper proposed a force variation fine blanking process for high-strength and low-plasticity materials. At the same time, a method to find the curve of forming force for this novel process was presented. A 2D finite element fine blanking model was established for the TC4 material. Combining genetic algorithm and neural network methods, a model was built up to find the optimal forming force loading curve. The parts fabricated by force variation loading and constant loading fine blanking process were compared through experiments. The mechanism of force variation fine blanking is also revealed. The forming force mainly affects the length of clean cutting surface by affecting hydrostatic stress. According to the ultimate optimal loading curve, the forming force should be kept at a low level in the early stage of blanking stroke, and increased gradually in the ending stage. In the application of force variation fine blanking, the part with long length of clean cutting surface can be obtained with lower die load.
Selective Disruption of Drp1-Independent Mitophagy and Mitolysosome Trafficking by an Alzheimer’s Disease Relevant Tau Modification in a Novel C. elegans Model
Authors: Guha Sanjib , Cheng Anson , Carroll Trae , King Dennisha , Koren Shon , Swords Sierra , Nehrke Keith , Johnson Gail VW 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulation of inappropriately phosphorylated tau into neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) is a defining feature of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), with specific epitopes such as Tau pT231 emerging early in the development of tau pathology. Previously, we demonstrated that a phosphomimetic mutant (T231E) of human tau drove the loss of neuronal function and structural integrity with age in a novel C. elegans single-copy gene insertion AD model. A critical finding was that T231E, unlike wild type tau, suppressed oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial autophagy, or mitophagy. Regulation of mitochondrial morphology by fission is important for mitophagy, which has been reported to be dysregulated by AD-relevant tau species. Dynamin Related Protein 1 (Drp1) is a GTPase that plays a central role in mediating mitochondrial fission, and its altered function may contribute to AD pathogenesis. Methods: Genetically-encoded fluorescent biosensors and dynamic imaging approaches were combined with a genomic drp-1(-) loss-of-function and transgenic tau mutants to derive a comprehensive in vivo analysis of age-associated changes in mitochondria and mitolysosome (ML) morphology, abundance, neurite trafficking, and stress-induced mitophagy. Results: Strain expressing disease-associated PTM mimetic Tau T231E demonstrated a surprisingly selective effect on ML development and trafficking, with no effect on lysosomes or autolysosomes, and a subtle effect on mitochondria that was apparent mainly in older animals. Unexpectedly, we found that drp-1(-) mutants mount a robust mitophagy response to oxidative stress, consistent with recent observations that adaptive mitophagy may occur independent of the canonical DRP1 pathway. Moreover, T231E continued to suppress oxidative stress-induced mitophagy in the drp-1(-) background. Conclusions: Our C. elegans single-copy gene insertion model unveils multiple levels of selectivity – phenotypic selectivity for mutations that mimic pathologic tauopathy-associated PTM and physiologic selectivity for organelles that contain damaged mitochondria. In addition, our novel findings provide compelling support for DRP1-independent mechanisms playing a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and function in the context of AD-relevant tau species and age-associated stress.
Geometric Mediator Structures, Transition Dynamics and Force Constants
Authors: Koehler Dale. R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It is shown in the present work that the distorted-space model of matter can describe conventional force-constants and transition-mediator structures. We use the verbiage “distorted” to communicate the concept of “energetic warping” to distinguish “spatial warping” from “classical matter warping”, although the concept of “matter” is in fact, in the present context, the “geometric distortion energy” of the spatial manifold itself without a classical “matter stress-energy source”. The “distorted-geometry” structures exhibit non-Newtonian features wherein the hole or core-region fields of the structures are energetically-repulsive (negative pressure), do not behave functionally in an r-4 manner and terminate at zero at the radial origin (no singularity). Near the core of the distortion the magnetic fields dominate the energy-densities of the structures thereby departing from classical particle-structure descriptions. Black-body radiation-emission and structural modeling lead to a description of transition dynamics and photonic entities.
Disentangling potential genotypes for macro and micro nutrients and polymorphic markers in Chickpea
Authors: Mittal Neha , Bhardwaj Juhi , Verma Shruti , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Yadav Renu , Kaur D. , Talukdar Akshay , Yadav Neelam , Kumar Rajendra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background- The present investigation was conducted to assess the nutritional diverseness and identify novel genetic resources to be utilized in chickpea breeding for macro and micro nutrients. Methods-The plants were grown in randomized block design. Nutritional and phytochemical properties of nine chickpea genotypes were estimated. The EST sequences from NCBI database were downloaded in FASTA format, clustered into contigs using CAP3, mined for novel SSRs using TROLL analysis and primer pairs were designed using Primer 3 software. Jaccard’s similarity coefficients were used to compare the nutritional and molecular indexes followed by dendrograms construction employing UPGMA approach. Results- The genotypes PUSA-1103, K-850, PUSA-1108, PUSA-1053 and the EST-SSR markers ICCeM012, ICCeM0049, ICCeM0070, ICCeM0078, SVP55, SVP95, SVP96, SVP146, SVP213 & SVP217 were found as potential donor / marker resources for the macro-micro nutrients. The genotypes differed (p<0.05) for nutritional properties. Amongst newly designed primers, 6 were found polymorphic with median PIC (0.46). The alleles per primer ranged 1 to 8. Cluster analysis based on nutritional and molecular diversities partially matched to each other in principle. Conclusion-The identified novel genetic resources may be used to widen the germplasm base, prepare maintainable catalogue and identify systematic blueprints for future chickpea breeding strategies targeting macro-micro nutrients.
Investigation of the Cutting Uid'S Ow and its Thermomechanical Effect on the Cutting Zone Based on Uid-Structure Interaction (FSI) Simulation
Authors: Liu Hui , Meurer Markus , Schraknepper Daniel , Bergs Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cutting fluids are an important part of today's metal cutting processes, especially when machining aerospace alloys. They offer the possibility to extend tool life and improve cutting performance. However, the equipment and handling of cutting fluids also raises manufacturing costs. To reduce the negative impact of the high cost of cutting fluids, cooling systems and strategies are constantly being optimized. In most existing works, the influences of different cooling strategies on the relevant process parameters, such as tool wear, cutting forces, chip breakage, etc., are empirically investigated. Due to the limitations of experimental methods, analysis and modeling of the working mechanism has so far only been carried out at a relatively abstract level. For a better understanding of the mechanism of cutting fluids, a thermal coupled two-dimensional simulation approach for the orthogonal cutting process was developed in this work. This approach is based on the Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) method and provides a detailed investigation of the cutting fluid’s impact on chip formation and tool temperature. For model validation, cutting tests were conducted on a broaching machine. The simulation resolved the fluid behavior in the cutting area and showed the distribution of convective cooling on the tool surface. This work demonstrates the potential of CEL based cutting fluid simulation, but also pointed out the shortcomings of this method.
Lab On a Chip System for Size-Based Gold and Polymer Nanoparticle Separation
Authors: Yoon Jaeyun , Kim Insup , Lee Suhan , Won Wan-Sik , Noh Jinhong , Kim Noori , Yoon Yong-Jin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Despite the increasing demand for nanoscale biomolecule analysis for point-of-care (POC) application, nanoparticle separation remains a challenge in many applications due to huge sample loss during separation, low throughput, large scale input materials requirement, and sophisticated technologies. As the separation efficiency may affect the subsequent sample processing and analysis, a robust and reliable size-based separation technique is necessary. This study presents a lab on a chip system to enhance the separation performance by using rapid and straightforward polymer prototyping. In particular, the system consists of a microfluidic network with embedded membrane filters with different pore size cut-offs and an ultrasonic transmitter for acoustic agitation. Using the novel system, we successfully demonstrate the fractionation of 15 nm Au NP from polydisperse nanoparticle solution in the presence of ultrasonic wave (28-40 kHz) generated by the transducer incorporated with the microfluidic system during the separation. Ultrasonic irradiation helps in preventing cake formation and reversing the fouling process by acoustic agitation. The suggested system significantly increases the flow rate during the separation process and improves the recovery of target size nanoparticles. This microfluidic platform is expected to serve as a powerful tool for sample preparation and analytical methodology in POC applications.
Forced Sliding Mode Control for Chaotic Systems Synchronization
Authors: Kuz'menko Andrey A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Synchronization of chaotic systems is considered to be a common engineering problem. However, the proposed laws of synchronization control do not always provide robustness towards the parametric perturbations. The purpose of this article is to show the use of synergy-cybernetic approach for the construction of robust law for Arneodo chaotic systems synchronization. As the main method of design of robust control, the method of design of control with forced sliding mode of the synergetic control theory is considered. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed law it's compared in this article with the classical sliding mode control. The distinctive features of suggested robust control law are the more good compensation of parametric perturbations (better performance indexes --- the root-mean-square error, average absolute value of error) without designing perturbation observers, the ability to exclude the chattering effect, less energy-consuming and a simpler analysis of the stability of a closed-loop system. Offered approach will allow a new consideration for the design of robust control laws for chaotic systems, taking into account the ideas of directed self-organization and robust control. It can be used for synchronization other chaotic systems.Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 93B35 · 93B52 · 93C30 · 93D21 · 34H10
Neonatal Magnesemia in Preterm Neonates Unexposed to Maternal MgSO4 Administration and in Neonates Exposed for Fetal Neuroprotection or Maternal Eclampsia Prevention.
Authors: Dehaene Isabelle , Steenstraeten Tessa Van , De Coen Kris , De Buyser Stefanie , Decruyenaere Johan , Smets Koenraad , Roelens Kristien 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective - To compare neonatal magnesemia in the first fifteen days of neonatal life between three groups: a control group not exposed to MgSO4, a neuroprotection group, and an eclampsia prevention group, and to explore its’ associations with child outcomes. Design - Retrospective single-centre cohort study. Setting - Tertiary care setting. Population - Infants admitted at the neonatal intensive care unit born between 24 and 32 weeks’ gestation, regardless of etiology of preterm birth.Methods - Linear mixed regression of neonatal magnesemia on exposure group and day of life. Generalised estimating equations models of child outcomes on neonatal magnesemia according to exposure group and day of life. Main outcome measures - Neonatal magnesemia (mmol/l). Results - Neonatal magnesemia is significantly higher in the preeclampsia group compared to the control and neuroprotection group. On the day of birth, this is irrespective of maternal magnesemia (preeclampsia vs control group), and the maternal total dose or duration of MgSO4 administration (preeclampsia vs neuroprotection group). No differences were found in short-term composite outcome between the three groups. Conclusions - We found mean differences in neonatal magnesemia between children not exposed to MgSO4 antenatally, children exposed for fetal neuroprotection, and children exposed for maternal eclampsia prevention. A 4g loading and 1g/h maintenance dose, for fetal neuroprotection and eclampsia prevention, appears to be safe on the short term for the neonate.