bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and evaluation of dry herbal powder shampoo
Authors: Tamboli Firoj A. , Mulani Sajid A. , Mali Nitin , Kolekar Yogesh S , Ajagekar Anagha S , Kamble Shubham J , Dhanal Srushti S , Shinde Anilkumar J , Wani Manish 
Published: October 2021

Shampoos are used not only for cleansing purpose but also for imparting gloss to hair and to maintain their manageability and oiliness for hair. Shampoos are of various types, like powder shampoo, clear liquid shampoo liquid shampoo, lotion shampoo, solid gel shampoo, medicated shampoo, liquid herbal shampoo etc. As far as herbal shampoos are concerned in stability criteria. Depending upon the nature of the ingredients they may be simple or plain shampoo, antiseptic or antidandruff.In the present work the herbal shampoo powder has been developed, by using traditional drugs for hair care. The preparation were formulated using Onion Powder, Rose Petal, Lemon Grass, Flaxseed or Linseed, Hirda, Bahera, Black tea, Brahmni, Triphala, Bhringraj, Ginger Root, Ashwagadha, Shikakai, Feenu greek, Shatavari, Heena, Wala, Aloevera Powder, Nirgudi Powder, Bavachi, Jatha mansi, Tulsi, Neem, Hibiscus Flower, and Retha evaluated for organoleptic properties, powder characteristics, foam test and physical evaluation.The physicochemical evaluation of the formulated shampoo showed ideal results. However, to improve its quality, product performance, and safety, further development and study was required.
Por uma comunicação dissidente face ao assédio moral organizacional
Authors: Andrade Scroferneker Cleusa Maria , Gomes Luciana Buksztejn , Falavigna Francielle Benett , Moraes Fernanda Luz 
Published: October 2021

Assédio moral e assédio moral organizacional são temas que, embora não sejam recentes, vêm merecendo alguns espaços de discussão. Em 2018, esse foi um dos temas que abordamos quando da realização do IV SICO-Seminário Internacional de Comunicação Organizacional. Na oportunidade buscamos esclarecer a distinção entre essas duas modalidades de assédio, destacando as suas práticas mais contundentes e expressivas, mas também o seu lado nefasto, que têm no silenciamento, talvez, o seu lado mais perverso, ao tornar o outro um ser invisível. Consideramos os resultados da Pesquisa divulgada pelo Grupo de Planejamento de São Paulo e recorremos às decisões contidas em acórdãos – documentos públicos oriundos de decisões proferidas pelos Tribunais para refletir sobre a comunicação dissidente em ambientes organizacionais face ao assédio moral e assédio moral organizacional. Uma das nossas inquietações diz respeito à (im)possibilidade dos funcionários/empregados se manifestarem [e/ou tentarem se manifestar] para expressar uma posição contrária – notadamente entendida pela gestão como enfrentamento. Assédio moral e assédio moral organizacional são temas que, embora não sejam recentes, vêm merecendo alguns espaços de discussão. Em 2018, esse foi um dos temas que abordamos quando da realização do IV SICO-Seminário Internacional de Comunicação Organizacional[1]. Na oportunidade buscamos esclarecer a distinção entre essas duas modalidades de assédio, destacando as suas práticas mais contundentes e expressivas, mas também o seu lado nefasto, que têm no silenciamento, talvez, o seu lado mais perverso, ao tornar o outro um ser invisível. Consideramos os resultados da Pesquisa divulgada pelo Grupo de Planejamento de São Paulo e recorremos às decisões contidas em acórdãos[2] – documentos públicos oriundos de decisões proferidas pelos Tribunais para refletir sobre a comunicação dissidente em ambientes organizacionais face ao assédio moral e assédio moral organizacional. Uma das nossas inquietações diz respeito à (im)possibilidade dos funcionários/empregados se manifestarem [e/ou tentarem se manifestar] para expressar uma posição contrária – notadamente entendida pela gestão como enfrentamento.[1] Evento promovido pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais.[2] As decisões colegiadas proferidas pelos Tribunais são denominadas acórdãos. O julgamento é o ato de decidir o processo, e o acórdão é o documento escrito, composto pelo relatório e pelos votos de todos os Magistrados que tenham participado do julgamento, que é efetivamente juntado ao processo (TRIBUNAL REGIONAL DO TRABALHO DA 4ª REGIÃO, 2019).
FLEGT License in Indonesia-European Union Cooperation: Norm Life Cycle Analysis
Authors: Hariyadi Riska Putri 
Published: October 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang FLEGT-VPA antara Indonesia dan Uni Eropa setelah mencapai implementasi penuh pada 2016. Kedua pihak menyimpulkan proses akhir dengan penyesuaian V-legal sebagai Lisensi FLEGT untuk produk- produk Kehutanan yang diekspor ke negara anggota Uni Eropa pada November 2016. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai bagaimana FLEGT License sebagai bagian dari norma internasional dapat digunakan dan diadopsi di Indonesia, meskipun Indonesia telah mengembangkan Sistem Jaminan Legalitas Kayu di bawah SVLK. Menggunakan metodologi content analysis, tulisan ini menelusuri proses adopsi norma dari 2007 hingga 2017. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi norma melalui penyesuaian V-legal sebagai Lisensi FLEGT dapat dipahami melalui tiga tahapan dari Norm Life Cycle. Lewat pendekatan ini, Uni Eropa mengambil peran sebagai Norm Entrepreneur dan menggunakan FLEGT Action Plan, khususnya skema FLEGT-VPA sebagai organizational platform untuk mempromosikan dan menyosialisasikan norma- norma FLEGT ke pelaku bisnis berbasis kehutanan di Indonesia.Kata-kata kunci: FLEGT License; FLEGT-VPA; Norm Life Cycle; SVLKThis paper discusses the FLEGT-VPA between Indonesia and the European Union after completing its full implementation in 2016. The two-party concluded the final process by adjusting V-legal as FLEGT License for Forestry products exported to European Union member states in November 2016. This paper raised a question regarding the process of how the FLEGT License, as a part of the international norm, can be utilized and adopted in Indonesia, given that Indonesia has already developed its Timber Legality Assurances System under SVLK. This paper employs the content analysis method to trace the process of norm adoption from 2007 to 2017. The result shows that the adaptation of norm through the adjustment of V-legal as FLEGT License reflected the three stages of the Norm Life Cycle. According to this approach, European Union is acting as Norm Entrepreneurs and using the FLEGT Action Plan, especially the scheme of FLEGT-VPA, as its organizational platforms to promote and socialize FLEGT norms to forestry-based businesses in Indonesia.Keywords: FLEGT License; FLEGT-VPA; Norm Life Cycle; SVLK
Detection of Superficial and Buried Optic Disc Drusen With Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Guo Xiaohong , Wu Yingjie , Wu Yuhong , Liu Hui , Ming Shuai , Cui Hongpei , Fan Ke , Li Shuyin , Lei Bo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background To detect the superficial and buried optic disc drusen (ODD) with swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study.Twenty patients (age 18-74 years) diagnosed with ODD via B-scan ultrasonography were analysed. All patients underwent color fundus photography (CFP), B-scan ultrasonography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and SS-OCT.We defined each hyporeflective signal mass of SS-OCT as an ODD, recorded its location and relationship with Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO), and other ophthalmic imaging characteristics.Results 20 (33 eyes) patients had 54 ODDs in all, except one eye did not show abnormal optic disc findings on SS-OCT. We classified ODD into three categories: ODD above BMO, ODD across BMO, and ODD below BMO. The ODDs across BMO were the largest, followed by ODDs below BMO, and those above BMO. The location of the ODDs: One (1.9%) was in the border tissue of Elschnig, 6 (11.1%) might span across the lamina cribrosa, 16 (29.6%) were above BMO located in the neuroepithelial layer, 9 (16.7%) spanned across BMO located near the center of the optic disc, 18 (33.3%) were below BMO located near the center of the optic disc, 4 (7.4%) were below BMO located within the optic disc rim. When the anterior margin was ≥ 100 μm from the BMO, clear autofluorescence could be seen. Conclusion Multimodal imaging provided a deeper understanding of ODD. SS-OCT illustrated more details about the relationship between the posterior surface of ODD, BMO and the lamina cribrosa.
Patient Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Disease Outcomes in Young Adults With St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Insights From The Kermanshah Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry
Authors: Siabani Soraya , Gholizadeh Leila , Siabani Hossein , Saleh Nahid 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Myocardial infarction in younger adults is an understudied research area. Objectives: This paper reports on characteristics, risk factors, and disease outcomes of young adults with St-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods: This is a sub-analysis of data from the Kermanshah Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry, including all patients aged ≤45 with STEMI (n=247) registered in the registry from June 2017 to June 2019. Results: Patients aged ≤45 constituted 10.66% of all patients with STEM; the majority was male (91.8%), and the most common CVD risk factors included: smoking (56.7%), low high-density lipoprotein (55.5%), elevated triglyceride (44.4%), hypertension (38.2%), hypercholesterolemia (38.1%), elevated low-density lipoprotein (26.3%), and obesity (24.3%). Many patients (62.8%) received primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and in-hospital mortality was low at 0.8%. Conclusions: Younger adults should be screened for CVD risk factors, and are educated and supported to participate in programs that aim to reduce risk through risk factor modification.
Association of Women’s Empowerment With Anaemia and Haemoglobin Concentration in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Wilunda Calistus , Wanjohi Milkah , Takahashi Risa , Kimani-Murage Elizabeth , Mutoro Antonina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The relationship between different dimensions of women's empowerment and childhood anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is unclear. We assessed the associations between women’s empowerment and anaemia and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration among children using data from 72,032 women and their singleton children aged 6-59 months from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2006 and 2019 in 31 SSA countries. Of the included children, 65.8% were anaemic and the mean Hb concentration was 102.3 g/dl (SD 16.1). The odds of anaemia in children reduced with increasing empowerment in the dimensions of attitude towards violence [quintile (Q1) vs. Q5, OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.71–0.89, Ptrend <0.001], decision making (Q1 vs. Q5, OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.59–0.79, Ptrend <0.001), education (Q1 vs. Q5, OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.72–0.89, Ptrend <0.001), and social independence (Q1 vs. Q5, OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.79–1.00, Ptrend <0.015). Similarly, children’s mean Hb concentration increased with increasing women’s empowerment in all the above dimensions. In conclusion, women empowerment was associated with reduced odds of anaemia and higher Hb concentration in children. Promotion of women's empowerment may reduce the burden of childhood anaemia in SSA.
MiR-493-5p Inhibits Th9 Cell Differentiation in Allergic Asthma by Targeting FOXO1
Authors: Rao Xingyu , Zhang Weili , Dong Heting , Sun Huiming , Gu Wenjing , Zhang Xinxing , Huang Li , Yan Yongdong , Hao Chuangli , Ji Wei , Zhu Canhong , Chen Zhengrong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: There is an increasing attention on microRNAs because of their functional effect on polarization of CD4+ T cells. This study explores the mechanism of miR-493-5p regulating Th9 cell differentiation in allergic asthma.Methods: The allergic airway inflammation is induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. CD4+ T cells from normal mice are cultured under Th9 cell conditions. IL-9 levels in mice and CD4+ T cells are analyzed by RT-qPCR, ELISA, flow cytometry and western blot. The miR-493-5p level in mice and cells is detected by RT-qPCR. The interaction between FOXO1 and miR-493-5p is predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by dual luciferase assay. The pathological state is evaluated by H&E staining and lung resistance is measured in the allergic mice treated with miR-493-5p agomiR before stimulation.Results: The miR-493-5p expression decreases significantly in OVA-induced asthma mice, accompanied by a significant upregulation in the expression of IL-9, IRF4 and FOXO1 and the proportion of CD4+ Th9 cells. MiR-493-5p mimic inhibits the expression of IL-9, IRF4 and FOXO1 and Th9 cell differentiation, while the inhibitor restores these effects. MiR-493-5p mimic represses FOXO1 expression through interacting with 3'UTR of FOXO1 mRNA. The rescue experiment proves that miR-493-5p regulates the differentiation of Th9 cell and the expression of IL-9 by targeting FOXO1. In addition, we find that miR-493-5p agomiR treatment inhibits the FOXO1, IL-9 and IRF4 expression, decreases the proportion of CD4+ Th9 cells, and alleviates the pathological state of lung tissue and airway hyperreactivity in OVA-induced asthma mice.Conclusions: Our study confirmed that miR-493-5p inhibited Th9 cell differentiation in allergic asthma by targeting FOXO1.
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of Some Quinoline Derivatives
Authors: Zinad Dhafer Saber , Salman Ghazwan Ali , Mahal Ahmed , Pratama Mohammad Rizki Fadhil , Yahya Mohamed , Meito Duan , Alkhouri Anas , Mohapatra Ranjan K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Heterocyclic nucleus are considered essential in medicinal chemistry and provides a model for developing several therapeutic agents such as drugs with a wide antibacterial spectrum. In an attempt to obtain a new antibacterial agent, new quinolone derivatives containing triazole and thiadiazole have prepared via a straightforward method. The newly synthesized products' chemical structures have invistigated their FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass techniques. A good yield was found for all the prepared derivatives varying from 74-79%. Molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds showed only one compound, 6c, which has the same ranking from the in vitro and silicon test results on Gram-negative bacteria. Also, several compounds have close rankings, such as compound 5 (ranks 13 and 14) and compound 6c (ranks 6 and 5) in Gram-positive bacteria, as well as compound 7a (ranks 13 and 12), compound 7c (ranks 1 and 2), and compound 7d (ranks 12 and 13) in Gram-negative bacteria. However, there is one exciting compound, 7c, which shows very high rankings (ranks 1 and 2) in Gram-negative bacteria. This suggests that the compound has potential as an antimicrobial in Gram-negative bacteria, with an ampicillin-like mechanism of action targeting the bacteria's Penicillin-binding proteins.
Defect rich copper oxide nanosheets for selective electrochemical conversion of CO2 to multi-carbon products at high current density
Authors: Hu Weibo , Ma Lushan , Zhu Yanping , Li Jiejie , Li Wenhao , Ni Xingming , Zou Liangliang , Zou Zhiqing , Yang Bo , Yang Fan , Wen Ke , Yang Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Highly selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to multi-carbon (C2+) products at high current density remains a big challenge. Herein we report copper oxide nanosheets (CuO-st) for selective electrochemical conversion of CO2 to C2+ products at high current density. Benefiting from the defect-rich structure verified by HR-TEM and XPS characterization and the designed gas diffusion electrode, such a CuO-st material exhibits CO2RR FE (C2+) of 86 and 80 % at 1.0 and 1.8 A cm−2, respectively, with excellent durability of 50 h @ 500mAcm−2 and storable lifetime for >10 months. Importantly, using quasi-situ XPS and in-situ Roman spectra, we have shown the first evidence for the presence of Cu (ǀ) during the eCO2RR on initial Cu (ǁ) material, and the proportion of Cu (ǀ) varies with the reaction current density. The rough and defective surface of CuO-st serves as a favorable reservoir to produce enough Cu (ǀ) to assist the C-C coupling, thus achieving selective CO2RR to C2+ products at high current density. Our study not only provides a new insight into CO2RR, but also suggests that in-situ forming active species from stable Cu (ǁ) materials during the reaction may be a good choice for the practical application, which will be very helpful to the development of cost-effective CO2RR electrocatalysts.
Toxicity and Surface Modification of Dendrimers: A Critical Review
Authors: Kharwade Rohini , Badole Payal , Mahajan Nilesh , More Sachin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
Compared to other nano polymers, dendrimers have novel three-dimensional, synthetic
hyperbranched, nano-polymeric structures. These supramolecular dendritic structures have a high
degree of significant surface and core functionality in the transportation of drugs for targeted therapy,
specifically in host-guest response, gene transfer therapy, and imaging of biological systems.
However, there are conflicting shreds of evidence regarding biological safety and dendrimers toxicity
due to their positive charge at the surface. It includes cytotoxicity, hemolytic toxicity, haematological
toxicity, immunogenicity, and in vivo toxicity. Surface modification of the dendrimer group
is one of the methods to resolve these issues. This review aimed at investigating different strategies
that can reduce toxicity and improve the biocompatibility of different dendrimers. From that viewpoint,
we broaden the structural and safe characteristics of the dendrimers in the biomedical and
pharmaceutical fields.
Effect of Pistacia atlantica on the Elimination of Helicobacter pylori and Improvement
of Gastric Reflux in Patients with Chronic Cough: A Randomized
Clinical Trial
Authors: Shirmohammadi Masoud , Asadi Milad , Zafari Venus , Khalili Yeganeh , Zarredar Habib , Moghadam Sedigheh Bamdad , Safiri Saeid , Bornehdeli Soghra , Khalili Majid 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) has been associated with beneficial medical effects on gastrointestinal complications.

Objective:
It was intended to assess the effects of P. atlantica in elimination of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and amelioration of gastric reflux and chronic cough.

Methods:
In this clinical trial study, 100 subjects with H. pylori infection who had the symptoms of gastric reflux and chronic cough were recruited and classified into two intervention and placebo groups, continuing 50 subjects each. The intervention group was administered two 500 mg doses of P. atlantica extract each day. The H. pylori antigen load in stool samples was evaluated using ELISA. The severity of cough and gastric re
flux was also determined.

Results:
The subjects in two groups were age and sex matched and the baseline measurements were similar on the day 0. Nonetheless, it was observed that on the day 14, there was a significant reduction of H. pylori antigen load in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.00021). Furthermore, the intensity of chronic cough was reduced significantly in the intervention group (P = 0.0014). The gastric reflux was improved in the intervention group at the end of the study.

Conclusion:
P. atlantica extract was beneficial in controlling H. pylori infection. It also improved the complications of the infection, like gastric reflux and chronic cough. Hence, it is highly recommended to value natural products, along with traditional antibiotics, in ameliorating H. pylori infection.
مهارة الثقافة الرقمية لمدير مدرسة المستقبل في ضوء متطلبات القرن الحادي والعشرين دراسة ميدانية لمدراء مدارس مرحلة الأساس
Authors: الريح يوسف أحمد ابوعاقلة أحمد 
Published: October 2021

هدف هذا البحث تعرّف امتلاك مهارة الثقافة الرقمية لمدير مدرسة المستقبل في ضوء متطلبات القرن الحادي والعشرين من وجهة نظر مدراء مدارس مرحلة الأساس إضافة الي معرفة المعوقات التي تواجه وتحول دون أن يتمكنوا من امتلاك تلك الكفايات، ولتحقيق ذلك اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي وصمم أداة للقياس هي الاستبانة اشتملت علي (4) محاور، وفقا لأسئلة وأهداف البحث وقد تم تحكيمها من قبل (11) خبيرا وذلك للتأكّد من الصدق الظاهري للأداة. وللتحقق من معامل ثبات الأداة تم تطبيقها على عينة استطلاعية فبلغ معامل الثبات للأداة ككل(0,931) وذلك باستخدام معادلة (الفا كرو نباخ ) و جاء معامل الصدق (0,965) مما يشير الي قوة الاداة في الثبات والاتساق الداخلي ، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من (قادة) مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة، تم أخذ عينة منهم بلغت (225) ، حيث كان الإناث (154) ، بينما الذكور (71) وقد أسفرت نتائج البحث عن ضعف الاستجابة لصيانة الأجهزة المختلفة في مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة ، كما كشفت عن ضعف محتوى التدريب الالكتروني في مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة ؛ إضافة لتقليدية التطبيقات المستخدمة في المدرسة في مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة وأوصى البحث بتضمين متطلبات القرن الحادي والعشرين ضمن سلم الترقي الإداري لمديري مدارس مرحلة في الأساس ولاية الجزيرة، إضافة لتعيين فني حاسوب في مدارس مرحلة الاساس ليشرف علي صيانة الأجهزة وتشغيل التطبيقات المتجددة إضافة إلى مزيد من التعاون بين شركات الاتصال الرئيسة - زين ، سوداني ،MTN - وزارة التربية والتعليم خدمة للمجتمع في مجالي: التدريب لمدراء مدارس على استخدام الأجهزة الحديثة، وتوفير التطبيقات الحديثة و خدمات الانترنت للمدارس بسعر أقل.
تحليل بنية الجملة والميزات النحوية لنصوص الكتابة باللغة الإنجليزية كلغة ثانية
Authors: Abed Saleh Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

يوفر تحليل نصوص متعلمي اللغة الإنجليزية الثانية لغرض بناء الجملة فرصة للتعرف على مهاراتهم الكتابية والبناء عليها. يمكن للمدرسين أيضًا تحديد نقاط الضعف لدى الطلاب في الكتابة ويمكنهم استخدام استراتيجيات مختلفة لتطوير مهاراتهم في الكتابة. يُلاحظ أن الغرض من كل نص يتم تحديده من خلال اللغة والوسيلة المستخدمة للتعبير عن أهداف الكتابة لغويًا وعمليًا. استخدم التحليل الكمي والنوعي في هذا البحث لتحليل النصين من أجل اكتشاف الأخطاء النحوية والنحوية. حيث تم اختيار نصوص من المستويين الثاني والرابع من احد مراكز تعلم اللغة الانكليزية. سيبدأ هذا البحث في تحليل الجمل البسيطة والمركبة والمعقدة على التوالي. بعض من نتائج هذا البحث هو يواجه كلا الكاتبين بعض الصعوبات في علامات الترقيم والتكملة وايضا المتعلم ذات المستوى الثاني لديه صعوبات في تكوين جملة كاملة مثل موافقة الفاعل والفعل بينما المتعلم ذات المستوى الرابع يواجه صعوبة في كتابة جمل طويلة.
Antioxidant Activity and Nutritional Properties of Freshly Tapped Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer) Sap
Authors: Sivaji Maathumai , Aheeshan B. 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the antioxidant activity and the nutritional profile of the freshly tapped palmyra sap. Samples were collected in pre-sterile sample collection bottles from different parts of Jaffna peninsula and immediately transferred into an ice box. Pooled samples were centrifuged (1000rpm, 5 minutes) and the supernatant is stored at the refrigerator (4℃) for nutritional, and antioxidant analysis. The results exhibit that fresh sap consists of Na (15.3±0.14 mg/100g) and K (22.6±0.12 mg/100g), while the total ash content was 0.62±0.45 (g/100g). The total sugar content of the sap was 16.43±0.07(g/100g) and the reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar content were 2.16±0.32 (g/100g), 14.27±0.04 (g/100g) respectively. Sap exhibited a relatively low amount of fat 0.02±0.01 (mg/100g). DPPH scavenging activity with regard to IC 50 value was 1.36±0.35 mg/mL, and the total phenolic content and ascorbic acid content were recorded as 186±12.27(mg GAE/100g), 12.16±0.31 (mg/100g) respectively. It can be concluded that the fresh sap of palmyra is a good source of antioxidant properties and nutritional value.