bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Side Area‐Assisted 3D Evaporator with Antibiofouling Function for Ultra‐Efficient Solar Steam Generation
Authors: Li Haoxuan , Zhu Wei , Li Meng , Li Ying , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSolar‐driven interfacial steam generation (SISG) has been recognized as a promising strategy to solve water shortages in an eco‐friendly and low‐cost way. However, the practical application of SISG is vitally restricted by some inherent limits, especially for finite evaporation rate and insufficient working life of evaporator. Herein, a novel SISG system involving an all‐fiber porous cylinder‐like foam 3D evaporator, side area‐assisted evaporation protocol, and aggregation‐induced‐emission‐active solar absorber with “one stone two birds” function is explored. The solar absorber exhibits efficient photothermal conversion, endowing the side area‐assisted evaporator with as high as 3.6 kg m−2 h−1 of solar evaporation rate, which is highly desirable for SISG under 1 sun of irradiation. Moreover, the solar absorber is capable of powerfully producing reactive oxygen species upon sunlight irradiation, which results in extraordinary photodynamic killing of bacteria nearby the fiber to prevent biofouling, consequently improving the working life of evaporator.
TiN Bridged All‐Solid Z‐Scheme CNNS/TiN/TiO2−x Heterojunction by a Facile In Situ Reduction Strategy for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Yuan Dashui , Jiao Yiwei , Li Zongyuan , Chen Xueru , Ding Jing , Dai Wei‐Lin , Wan Hui , Guan Guofeng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractProper interfacial electron mediators greatly influence the charge transfer efficiency of Z‐scheme photocatalytic system. TiN bridged all‐solid Z‐scheme CNNS/TiN/TiO2−x heterojunction composites are prepared by a facile in situ reduction strategy for highly promoted photocatalytic hydrogen evolution driven by visible light. The reduction process not only creates oxygen vacancies in TiO2 but also reduces partial TiO2 to TiN. Oxygen defected TiO2−x permits TiO2 visible light absorption capacity. Fermi level equilibrium forms internal electric fields at the interfaces to drive the charge transfer. Meanwhile, TiN electrons mediator connects the conduction band of TiO2−x and the valance band of CNNS, which is advantageous for the transfer of photoelectrons from the conduction band of TiO2−x to the valance band of CNNS. Compared with pure carbon nitride (CN), TiO2, and even composites CN/TiO2 without TiN, CNNS/TiN/TiO2−x shows a remarkably enhanced visible light catalytic hydrogen evolution performance of 1230 μmol g−1 h−1, about 95 times than that of pure CN. The dramatically boosted photocatalytic activity is attributed to the extra visible light absorption capacity of TiO2−x and convenient electron transfer between CNNS and TiO2−x through TiN electrons mediator.
Trilayer MXene Fabric for Integrated Ultrasensitive Pressure Sensor and Wearable Heater
Authors: Deng Chenghao , Zhao Siqi , Su Erming , Li Yeti , Wu Fengming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe rise of Internet of Things and wearable healthcare electronics has prompted the rapid development of wearable pressure sensors. A novel developing trend focuses on a pressure sensor with high sensitivity over a wide pressure range, multifunction, breathability, and excellent wearing comfort, which remains a challenge. To address these issues, an all‐fabric device is designed by loading Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets onto woven fabrics through a simple dip‐coating method and sewing three fabric layers with different coating concentrations. The large resistance difference between the high‐resistance middle layer and the low‐resistance outer layer dominates the pressure sensing performance, whereas the two outer layers act as an extraction electrode and flexible Joule heater. The change in internal contact resistance of the trilayer fabric under pressure produces an ultrasensitive (2882–36328 kPa−1) pressure sensor over a wide pressure range (0–140 kPa), whereas sensitivity and detection limit can be regulated by controlling the coating concentration of the middle layer. In addition, the all‐fabric structure endows the sensor with excellent wearing comfort. Multilevel and multiscale applications such as pulse contour, high load motion, tactile interface array, and large‐area wearable heater demonstrate the broad application prospects in wearable healthcare electronics of the trilayer fabric.
Analysis of the Impact of Park Scale on Urban Park Equity Based on 21 Incremental Scenarios in the Urban Core Area of Chongqing, China
Authors: Diao Yuying , Hu Wen , He Bao‐Jie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhilst many cities have implemented strategies for urban park supply, the expected outcome may be productively poor, aggravating the inequality. However, little evidence of reducing urban park inequality through regulating urban park scale has been presented. The indicators of accessibility per capita park area, Gini coefficient, and accessible park share are adopted to assess the urban park inequality in Chongqing and examine park scale impacts, through 21 incremental scenarios. Whilst the overall urban park equity is relatively reasonable in Chongqing's core area, the park accessibility is markedly unequal in distribution. There is no significant difference between the age‐ and income‐vulnerable groups and all residents in urban park equity. However, a highly unequal distribution of comprehensive parks, neighborhood parks, and small pleasance for all residents and vulnerable groups is observed. Moreover, urban park equity can be affected by park scale, where urban park number has a positive impact on accessible per capita park area and a negative effect on Gini coefficient, among all residents and vulnerable groups. There is no significant relationship between park number and the proportion of accessible park share of vulnerable groups. Overall, the impact of park scale is revealed on park‐related equity and policy makers and planners are suggested for public health, environmental equity in urban communities.
AIE‐Active Difluoroboron Complexes with N,O‐Bidentate Ligands: Rapid Construction by Copper‐Catalyzed C−H Activation
Authors: Tan Guangying , Maisuls Iván , Strieth‐Kalthoff Felix , Zhang Xiaolong , Daniliuc Constantin , Strassert Cristian A. , Glorius Frank 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe development of organic materials with high solid‐state luminescence efficiency is highly desirable because of their fundamental importance and applicability in optoelectronics. Herein, a rapid construction of novel BF2 complexes with N,O‐bidentate ligands by using Cu(BF4)2•6H2O as a catalyst and BF2 source is disclosed, which avoids the need for pre‐composing the N,O‐bidentate ligands and features a broad substrate scope and a high tolerance level for sensitive functional groups. Moreover, molecular oxygen is employed as the terminal oxidant in this transformation. A library of 36 compounds as a new class of BF2 complexes with remarkable photophysical properties is delivered in good to excellent yields, showing a substituent‐dependency on the photophysical properties, derived from the π–π* character of the photoexcited state. In addition, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is observed and quantified for the brightest exemplars. The excited state properties are fully investigated in solids and in THF/H2O mixtures. Hence, a new series of photofunctional materials with variable photophysical properties is reported, with potential applications for sensing, bioimaging, and optoelectronics.
Charge Transport in 2D Layered Mixed Sn–Pb Perovskite Thin Films for Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Qin Cuiqing , Zhang Fan , Qin Liang , Liu Xin , Ji Hongyu , Li Longtao , Hu Yufeng , Lou Zhidong , Hou Yanbing , Teng Feng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe optoelectronic characteristics of organic–inorganic perovskites can be tailored by mixing different metal cations with various ratios. 2D layered organic–inorganic perovskites with charge transport anisotropy are considered as promising channel materials for field‐effect transistors. However, there are few reports about 2D Pb‐based perovskite thin film transistors although their Sn counterparts have been extensively investigated for use in this field. Herein, the synthesis and tuning of the physical properties of 2D layered Sn–Pb perovskite solid solutions based on phenylethylammonium tin and lead iodide perovskites ((PEA)2SnxPb1−xI4 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1)) are reported. A thermally activated semiconducting behavior is confirmed in this series of perovskite thin films. The electronic band structure, conductivity, and in‐plane ion migration are found to be largely affected by the Sn–Pb ratio, which is important for transistor performance. Furthermore, the 2D layered mixed Sn–Pb perovskite field‐effect transistors constructed on cheap and commercially available polymer dielectrics and a signature of field‐effect characteristics in the (PEA)2PbI4 film are demonstrated for the first time. The (PEA)2Sn0.7Pb0.3I4 transistor operating at room temperature in air exhibits a hole mobility of 0.02 cm2 V−1 s−1. This work can improve the understanding of the influence mechanisms of ion migration in 2D layered perovskite field‐effect transistors.
Recycling of Nanowire Percolation Network for Sustainable Soft Electronics
Authors: Liu Yuxuan , Wang Hongyu , Zhu Yong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is an increasing demand for eco‐friendly and sustainable electronics, where recycling of functional materials is the key. Soft electronics have received much attention recently, however, their recycling has been challenging. Here a strategy is reported to recycle silver nanowire (AgNW) percolation network to achieve sustainable soft electronics. The effect of working solvent and ultrasonication time on the morphology and electrical properties of the recycled AgNW network is investigated. Using the selected working solvent with low surface tension (isopropanol) and optimal ultrasonication time (20 s), the AgNW network film can be recycled multiple times (four times in this work) without significant morphology changes and performance degradation. A transient epidermal sensor patch using AgNW as electrodes and a water‐soluble polymer substrate is fabricated and fully recycled. On‐body test of the epidermal sensor patch fabricated by recycled AgNWs demonstrates a working example for the recycling concept of AgNWs. The recycling concept can be extended to other nanomaterials in the form of percolation network.
Rotational no‐till and tillage‐based organic corn produce management tradeoffs in the Northeast
Authors: Champagne Rebecca J. , Wallace John M. , Curran William S. , Barbercheck Mary E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractReducing the intensity and frequency of tillage in organic grain production systems is likely to produce several agronomic, economic, and environmental tradeoffs. We evaluated four organic corn (Zea mays L.) sequences in a 3‐yr, full‐entry organic cropping systems experiment. Two sequences included a hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth)/triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.) mixture sown after spelt harvest that differed in tillage practices (no‐till [NT], conventional) before corn and corn harvest management (silage, grain). Two sequences included a red clover (Trifolium pretense L.)/timothy (Phleum pretense L.) mixture frost‐seeded into spelt in late winter followed by conventional tillage preceding corn and either silage or grain harvest. Our results showed that late‐season weed biomass did not differ across alternative sequences, although both tillage and NT corn production resulted in high in‐row weed pressure in different years. Cover crop management prior to tillage‐based corn production did not affect grain yields, but NT silage production resulted in lower yields compared with the tilled sequence. Corn silage yields were positively correlated with corn populations in both tilled and NT systems. The NT sequence lowered tillage frequency and intensity by 39 and 52%, respectively, compared with tillage‐based corn production as measured using established metrics, including the soil disturbance rating, but did not significantly influence labile carbon pools. Sequences using underseeded red clover resulted in higher net returns compared with hairy vetch sequences due to additional income from fall forage harvests.
Litter mass and nitrogen disappearance in year‐round nitrogen‐fertilized grass and legume–grass forage systems
Authors: Severino da Silva Liliane , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Moura Kohmann Marta , Dubeux José C. , Aryal Parmeshwor , Silveira Maria Lucia , Vendramini Joao M. B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPlant litter is an important nutrient pool in grasslands. Most estimates of N return from litter are based on incubation of attached plant material (live or senescent) instead of dead, detached material on the soil surface. Our objective was to quantify mass, chemical composition, and N disappearance from soil‐surface litter for year‐round forage systems based on N‐fertilized grasses (GN) (290 kg N ha–1 yr–1) or legume–grass mixtures (LG) (30 kg N ha–1 yr–1) when grazed or harvested for hay. Litter mass and composition were measured in winter and summer over 2 yr, and litter was incubated for 180 d to quantify N disappearance. Summer litter mass was greater for GN than LG under grazing (2,840 vs. 1,730 kg ha–1) and hay management (2,780 vs. 1,240 kg ha–1). Cool‐season litter mass for GN was also greater than LG (1,990 vs. 1,200 kg ha–1). Initial litter N concentrations for GN and LG were 26 vs. 23 and 21 vs. 20 g N kg–1 organic matter in summer and winter, respectively. Litter lignin concentration and C/N and lignin/N ratios remained relatively constant. At the end of incubation, remaining litter biomass ranged from 63 to 85%. Nitrogen disappearance was greater for GN than LG, averaging 43 vs. 19 kg ha–1 yr–1, respectively, due to greater herbage accumulation and litter mass for GN. We conclude that year‐round forage systems including legumes contribute important quantities of N via aboveground litter decomposition, but amounts are likely less than for grass systems receiving relatively large N fertilizer inputs.
Suppression of the Stimulated Brillouin and Raman Scattering in Actively Q‐switched Fiber Lasers through Temporal Pulse Shaping
Authors: Jafari Sina , Fathi Davood , Taleb Hussein , Abbott Derek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite the wide range of applications and versatility, actively Q‐switched fiber lasers (AQS‐FLs) suffer from the multi‐peak phenomenon or stepwise pulse generation under certain conditions. As such, the advantage of the stepwise tendency in AQS‐FL to modify the pulse shape and create a temporal profile that minimizes the power of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) Stokes components is taken. Accordingly a multi‐objective genetic algorithm (GA) and a Monte‐Carlo method is developed to solve the improved model for SBS. Additionally, the suppression of SRS is predicted and examined successfully. The proposed method is deployed for the simulation of the 5 and 10 kW peak and 10 ns wide pulses on a 4 m long, single‐mode, ytterbium‐doped double clad fiber under the narrow linewidth of 0.05 nm with promising suppression of SBS and SRS effects. To the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first time that such a pulse‐shaping strategy is demonstrated for the SBS or SRS suppression. Furthermore reaching a 10 kW peak on single mode fibers was previously only possible via custom made fibers. Our novel method offers the possibility of optimizing and improving the utilization of different fiber types in AQS‐FL systems.
Combination of Pseudo‐Natural Product Design and Formal Natural Product Ring Distortion Yields Stereochemically and Biologically Diverse Pseudo‐Sesquiterpenoid Alkaloids
Authors: Liu Jie , Flegel Jana , Otte Felix , Pahl Axel , Sievers Sonja , Strohmann Carsten , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of a new natural product‐inspired compound class obtained by combining the conceptually complementary pseudo‐natural product (pseudo‐NP) design strategy and a formal adaptation of the complexity‐to‐diversity ring distortion approach. Fragment‐sized α‐methylene‐sesquiterpene lactones, whose scaffolds can formally be viewed as related to each other or are obtained by ring distortion, were combined with alkaloid‐derived pyrrolidine fragments by means of highly selective stereocomplementary 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions. The resulting pseudo‐sesquiterpenoid alkaloids were found to be both chemically and biologically diverse, and their biological performance distinctly depends on both the structure of the sesquiterpene lactone‐derived scaffolds and the stereochemistry of the pyrrolidine fragment. Biological investigation of the compound collection led to the discovery of a novel chemotype inhibiting Hedgehog‐dependent osteoblast differentiation
High‐Voltage‐Tolerant Covalent Organic Framework Electrolyte with Holistically Oriented Channels for Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries with Nickel‐Rich Cathodes
Authors: Niu Chaoqun , Luo Wenjia , Dai Chenmin , Yu Chengbing , Xu Yuxi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBy introducing lithiophilic groups and electrochemically stable quinolyl aromatic ring linkages, we prepared covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibiting a large band gap with an ultralow HOMO value (−6.2 eV under vacuum) and oxidative stability up to 5.6 V (versus Li+/Li) as solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs). The obtained flexible COF SSE thin films showed a holistically oriented arrangement along the (001) facet with remarkable ionic conductivity up to 1.5×10−4 S cm−1 at 60 °C and excellent mechanical strength with a high Young's modulus of 10.5 GPa. Molecular dynamic simulations showed that lithium ions are transmitted in this COF SSE by directional hopping paths with fast drift velocity. The COF SSE film was used to assemble all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries with nickel‐rich cathodes (NMC811). The batteries demonstrated stable cycling performance over 400 cycles, high coulombic efficiency (>99 %), and could also withstand abuse tests, such as folding.
Development of novel biocomposites based on the clean production of microbial cellulose from dairy waste (sour whey)
Authors: Nguyen Hau Trung , Ngwabebhoh Fahanwi Asabuwa , Saha Nabanita , Zandraa Oyunchimeg , Saha Tomas , Saha Petr 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work explores the production of kombucha‐derived bacterial cellulose (KBC) from sour whey via the fermentation method using Komagatacibacter xylinus. The biosynthesis process was optimized by design of experiments and the results displayed highest KBC yield at 1000 ml/L sour whey waste, 87.39 g/L cane sugar, 6 g/L black tea, and 78.91 ml/L bacteria volume under 21 days culture period at 30°C. Optimum fermentation batch efficiency was achieved in large scale with cultured medium depths of 0.5 cm and low‐residual bacteria suspension volume of 72.31 ± 8.74 ml. The obtained KBC membranes were analyzed by SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA. The obtained results show no significant differences for all prepared KBC samples when compared to pristine bacterial cellulose from standard Hestrin and Schramm (HS) medium. In addition, the optimized KBC was investigated as a suitable bio‐filler in the preparation of biocomposite materials. The prepared biocomposites as leather alternative were further characterized and their mechanical tensile strength and elongation at break determined in the range of 135.61 ± 9.15 to 154.89 ± 9.09 N/mm2 and 31.06 ± 0.32 to 92.33 ± 6.91%, respectively. This model obtained depicts high‐yield production of KBC and its potential in the preparation of biocomposites.
Microfibrillated cellulose reinforced poly(vinyl imidazole) cryogels for continuous removal of heavy metals
Authors: Zhang Jinmeng , Zhong Tianyi , Xiang Yun , Zhang Xufeng , Feng Xiyun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInterconnected macro‐porous cryogels with robust mechanical structure and high adsorption capacity are desirable for the wastewater clean‐up. However, some functional alkenyl‐based monomer such as vinyl imidazole (VIM) could not be individually polymerized to form the cryogel with a robust structure for applications. Herein, a strategy has been developed to fabricate the poly(VIM) cryogel using microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) as reinforcing agent. Structural characterizations indicated that the poly(VIM)/MFC showed interconnected macropores of 12 ± 10 μm and high VIM contents. Underwater compression experiments displayed that the hysteresis loops changed slightly and the energy loss coefficients were less than 23% during loading‐unloading 200 cycles, highlighting the excellent shape recovery and fatigue resistance. Batch adsorption indicated that the adsorption capacities of the poly(VIM)/MFC cryogel to Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) were 87.4, 53.9, 48.6, 44.3, 23.8, and 20.1 mg/g, respectively. The pseudo second‐order kinetic and Langmuir model can fit the adsorption process well, confirming the single‐layer homogeneous chemisorption. Dynamic adsorption displayed that the loaded Cu(II) ions could be rapidly adsorbed and hardly flow through the poly(VIM)/MFC cryogel, indicating the extremely fast adsorption at the flow mode. This study shows a novel strategy to fabricate the robust cryogel for environmental remediation.
Molecular characterization of a catalase gene from the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae)
Authors: Li Mao‐Ye , Wang Yun , Lei Xiao , Xu Chuan‐Tao , Wang Dong‐Dong , Liu Su , Li Shi‐Guang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), is a serious agricultural pest with a worldwide distribution. Catalase (CAT), which is encoded by the catalase (Cat) gene, is an extremely important antioxidant enzyme that plays a pivotal role in protecting cells against the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. The Cat gene has not been characterized in M. persicae; therefore, this study describes the identification of the Cat (MpCat) gene from M. persicae. MpCat contains an open reading frame of 1515 bp and encodes a MpCAT protein consisting of 504 amino‐acid residues. MpCAT possesses features typical of other insect catalases, including 7 conserved amino acids involved in binding heme and 15 involved in binding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Phylogenetic analysis showed that MpCAT was closely related to orthologs from other aphid species. MpCat consisted of nine exons and eight introns, and the number and insertion sites of introns are consistent with those of Cat genes from Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and Aphis gossypii Glover. The mRNA transcripts of MpCat were detected at all tested developmental stages, with the highest mRNA level in alate adults. The expression of MpCat was significantly upregulated when M. persicae was exposed to low and high temperatures, ultraviolet radiation, Beauveria bassiana, and permethrin. The transcription of MpCat and the activity of catalase were suppressed by RNA interference, and knockdown of MpCat significantly reduced the survival rate in M. persicae under heat stress. The results provide valuable information for further study on the physiological functions of MpCat.
Global feedback stabilization of discrete‐time bilinear systems
Authors: Alami Louati Driss , Ouzahra Mohamed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the stabilization of the discrete‐time bilinear system
, where A and B are bounded linear operators on a pre‐Hilbert space H, by means of a new nonlinear state feedback control which is uniformly bounded. First, sufficient conditions for uniform exponential stabilization are given, and the decay rate of the state is estimated. Then global weak stabilization is investigated under less stringent assumptions. In the case of the finite dimension, easily verified conditions for uniform stabilization are given. Moreover, a decomposition method allows additional stabilization results. Finally, illustrative examples are provided.