bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution and sensitivity bi-directional x-ray phase contrast imaging using 2D Talbot array illuminators
Authors: Gustschin Alex , Riedel Mirko , Taphorn Kirsten , Petrich Christian , Gottwald Wolfgang , Noichl Wolfgang , Busse Madleen , Francis Sheila E. , Beckmann Felix , Hammel Jörg U. , Moosmann Julian , Thibault Pierre , Herzen Julia 
Published: November 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) Talbot array illuminators (TAIs) were designed, fabricated, and evaluated for high-resolution high-contrast x-ray phase imaging of soft tissue at 10–20 keV. The TAIs create intensity modulations with a high compression ratio on the micrometer scale at short propagation distances. Their performance was compared with various other wavefront markers in terms of period, visibility, flux efficiency, and flexibility to be adapted for limited beam coherence and detector resolution. Differential x-ray phase contrast and dark-field imaging were demonstrated with a one-dimensional, linear phase stepping approach yielding 2D phase sensitivity using unified modulated pattern analysis (UMPA) for phase retrieval. The method was employed for x-ray phase computed tomography reaching a resolution of 3 µm on an unstained murine artery. It opens new possibilities for three-dimensional, non-destructive, and quantitative imaging of soft matter such as virtual histology. The phase modulators can also be used for various other x-ray applications such as dynamic phase imaging, super-resolution structured illumination microscopy, or wavefront sensing.
Industry 4.0 and Business Policy Development: Strategic Imperatives for SME Performance
Authors: Govindarajo Normala S , Kumar M Dileep , Shaikh Erum , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Pramod 
Published: November 2021

Industry 4.0 presents companies with new prospects to renovate industrial manufacturing processes and increase value creation, has promised several optimizing strategies for improved business performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between innovation capability and employee capability on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME firms' innovation capability and employee capability positively correlate with business performance. The study also shows the partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation capability and business performance and employee capability and business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.JEL Classification: L25, L26, L29How to Cite:Govindarajo, N. S., Kumar M, D., Shaikh, E., Kumar, M., & Kumar, P. (2021). Industry 4.0 and Business Policy Development: Strategic Imperatives for SME Performance. Etikonomi, 20(2), 213 – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.20143.
The Consciousness State of Traditional Nidrâ Yoga/Modern Yoga Nidra: Phenomenological Characterization and Preliminary Insights from an EEG Study
Authors: Zaccaro Andrea , Riehl André , Piarulli Andrea , Alfì Gaspare , Neri Bruno , Menicucci Danilo , Gemignani Angelo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nidrâ yoga is an ancient yogic practice capable of inducing altered states of consciousness characterized by deep relaxation, strong concentration, acute self-awareness, and joy. In modern contemplative neuroscience language, it is known by the name yoga nidra, and few studies have investigated its phenomenological and psychophysiological effects. Six healthy volunteers (four females aged 31–74) performed 12 yoga nidra sessions guided by an expert during a 6-day retreat. Each session consisted of 10 minutes in a resting state (baseline) followed by 2 hours of yoga nidra. Psychometric data regarding dissociative experiences (Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale) and the state of consciousness (Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory) were collected after baseline and yoga nidra, while high-density EEG was recorded during the entire session. During nidra sessions, no sleep hallmarks (i.e., K-complexes and sleep spindles) were detected by the EEG in any subject. Psychometric data we re analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test corrected with the false discovery rate approach for multiple comparisons. Compared to baseline, yoga nidra practice was related to: (1) increased dissociative effects (p = 0.022); (2) perception of being in an altered state of consciousness (p = 0.026); (3) alterations in perceived body image (p = 0.022); (4) increased “meaningfulness” attributed to the experience (p = 0.026); (5) reduced rational thinking (p = 0.029); and (6) reduced volitional thought control (p = 0.026). First-person experience is discussed in relation to descriptive EEG power spectral density analysis, which was performed in one subject because of severe EEG artifacts in the other recordings; that subject showed, compared to baseline: (1) early increase of alpha and beta power, followed by a progressive widespread reduction; (2) widespread early increase of theta power, followed by a progressive reduction; and (3) widespread increase of gamma power in the latest stages. The present preliminary results enrich the knowledge of yoga nidra, elucidating its phenomenology and suggesting some psychophysiological correlates that future studies may address.
The metrological parameters of diosmin quantitation in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Voronin Alexander V. , Kachalkin Maksim N. , Karpov Alexander V. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Pharmaceutical dosage forms with diosmin are allowed for medical use in Russian Federation. Simple and informative methods of diosmin quantitation for drug quality control are needed.
Aim: determination of metrological parameters of diosmin quantitation in pharmaceutical dosage forms by UV-spectrophotometry.
Matherials and methods. The study subjects Venarus, Detralex (tablets, suspension), Phlebopha. Diosmin were quantified by UV-spectrophotometry. The reference-specific absorbance values of diosmin at wavelengths of 268 and 370 nm by the parameters of calibration were determined. Statistical data processing was carried out by the methods of variation statistics, correlation, one-way analysis of variance using computer programs ChemMetr 1.0, ChemMetr Evaluation 1.0, Statistica 6.0 (Statsoft Inc., USA).
Results. The range of diosmin quantitation by UV-spectrophotometry was revealed for the wavelength of 268 nm 0,0001-0,001%, 370 nm 0,0002-0,002%. The reference-specific absorbance values for diosmin at the wavelength of 268 and 370 nm in a sodium hydroxide solution 0,02M were 463,0 24,6 and 259,0 9,9 respectively. The mean errors of diosmin concentrations in pharmaceutical dosage forms were revealed for the wavelength of 268 nm 8-12% and for 370 nm 6-8%. Prognostic calculation of the sample preparation error (extraction) for diosmin was performed using the example of Detralex tablets. The sample preparation error was 8%.
Conclusion. The values components of error for reference-specific absorbance value and sample preparation error for diosmin quantitation were determined (as exemplified by the study of Detralex tablets). Calculation algorithms can be used for error estimation of sample preparation for other multicomponent samples in drug quality control.
Features of the microbiota of placenta in full-term pregnancy
Authors: Bezrukova Alina A. , Spiridonova Natalya V. , Kaganova Maria A. , Galkina Darya A. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the microbial landscape of the placenta in full-term pregnancy and intact fetal membranes.
Materials and methods. 19 pregnant women in the gestational age of 37-41 weeks with intact membranes underwent elective cesarean section at Samara City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov. Their placental tissues were collected and RT-PCR tests for Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp. / Leptotrihia spp. / Fusobacterium spp, Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp. / Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp. / Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobiumvaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma henitalium were performed.
Results. In case of physiological full-term pregnancy the total bacterial mass can be 103.9-103.7 GE/sample on the placenta, it is a normal variant. Sterile placentas were found in 21.1% of cases. Unknown microorganisms were revealed in 52.6% of cases, they were unidentified by the standard panel Femoflor-16. In other cases Enterobacteriaceae spp. (102.6 GE/sample) were found in the placental tissues in patients with intact fetal membrane. The presence of Lactobacillus spp. in the placental tissues with intact membranes is not typical.
Conclusion. RT-PCR test allow to reveal a small amount of bacterial mass in the placental tissue in case of physiological full-term pregnancy, in which the representatives of Enterobacteriaceae spp. are often time detected.
Hubungan Regulasi Diri dengan Prokrastinasi Akademik
Authors: Sedyawati Sedyawati 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Academic procrastination is a behavioral tendency to procrastinate tasks that occur in students. Factors that influence it include the lack of strategies in self-regulation or self-regulation (self-regulated learning). As one of the countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesia is implementing learning from home. In this condition, students are expected to have skills in managing themselves in learning during the learning process from home. This quantitative study examines the relationship between self-regulated learning and students' academic procrastination during the pandemic. The population of this research is the students of SMP Negeri 6 Malang, and the research sample uses random cluster sampling so that the number of students obtained is 168 consisting of class VII, class VIII, and class IX. The data collection uses a self-regulated learning scale and an academic procrastination scale on google forms distributed through online class Whatsapp groups. The data analysis technique used is a bivariate correlation to determine the relationship between the two variables. The data analysis results showed no significant relationship between self-regulated learning and students' academic procrastination.
Abstrak: Prokrastinasi akademik merupakan kecenderungan perilaku menunda-nunda tugas yang terjadi pada siswa. Faktor yang mempengaruhi prokrastinasi akademik, antara lain kurangnya strategi pengaturan diri atau regulasi diri. Regulasi diri dibutuhkan siswa, terutama dalam kondisi kurang menguntungkan pada saat ini yaitu pandemi covid-19. Situasi saat ini menuntut siswa memiliki keterampilan mengatur diri yang baik agar terhindar dari kebiasaan menunda-nunda tugas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara regulasi diri dan prokrastinasi akademik selama pandemi covid-19. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa SMP Negeri 6 Malang, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster random sampling dan diperoleh 167 siswa kelas VII, kelas VIII dan kelas IX. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala regulasi diri dan skala prokrastinasi akademik. Teknik analisis data penelitian yaitu korelasi bivariat. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara regulasi diri dengan prokrastinasi akademik siswa selama pandemi covid-19.
Mutual Cooperation and Tolerance to Defection in the Context of Socialization: The Theoretical Model and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Kozitsina T. S. , Kozitsin I. V. , Menshikov I. S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study of the nature of human cooperation still contains gaps needing investigation. Previous findings reveal that socialization effectively promotes cooperation in the well-known Prisoner’s dilemma (PD) game. However, theoretical concepts fail to describe high levels of cooperation (probability higher than 50%) that were observed empirically. In this paper, we derive a symmetrical quantal response equilibrium (QRE) in PD in Markov strategies and test it against experimental data. Our results indicate that for low levels of rationality, QRE manages to describe high cooperation. In contrast, for high rationality QRE converges to the Nash equilibrium and describes low-cooperation behavior of participants. In the area of middle rationality, QRE matches the curve that represents the set of Nash equilibrium in Markov strategies. Further, we find that QRE serves as a dividing line between behavior before and after socialization, according to the experimental data. Finally, we successfully highlight the theoretically-predicted intersection of the set of Nash equilibrium for PD in Markov strategies and the QRE curve.
Machinability evaluation of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V obtained by EBM for functional part at medical application
Authors: Festas António , Ramos A. , Davim J. P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The potential and advantages revealed by the application of 3D manufacturing techniques such as Electron Beam Melting (EBM) in the production of medical devices such as orthopaedic implants are increasing manly in custom made devices. However, the use of milling and turning operations are indispensable on surfaces where surface finish and dimensional accuracy have more demanding requirements. This work aims to evaluate the machinability of titanium alloy test samples submitted to turning operations, to obtain the geometry of a functional cone of the modular component of the hip prosthesis. The differences in cutting forces and surface finish obtained in the turning tests are compared between a wrought Ti-6Al-4V test sample and three obtained by EBM with different thicknesses. To perform the tests, a constant cutting speed of 60m/min was used, feed of 0.1 and 0.2mm/rev and ap of 0.15mm. The cutting forces were measured for each test, also the roughness was measured in the form of Ra, Rt and RzD in each test sample. From the results obtained, EBM test samples presented higher roughness values and lower resulting cutting forces. In both materials, the effect of feed rate is visible. When machining a cone, the passive force and the cutting force become the most influential forces. Generally, when the feed rate value was doubled, the resulting machining forces value increased up to about 50% for both types of materials and the Ra value to approximately 200%. The EBM technology as used form medical devices allow good quality surfaces as the wrought titanium alloy.
Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissues in Hyperdivergent Skeletal Class II Females in Guangdong
Authors: Zhang Xueqin , Deng Jianqing , Wen Zhaoxiang , Chen Zhengyuan , Gan Liyi , Zheng Jinxuan , Wu Liping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: To establish the three-dimensional facial soft tissue morphology of adolescent and adult females in the Guangdong ethnic group and to study the morphological characteristics of hyperdivergent skeletal class Ⅱ females in Guangdong compared with the characteristics of normal groups.Materials and Methods: The 3dMDface system was used to capture face scans of 160 patients, including 45 normal and 35 hyperdivergent skeletal class II adolescents (aged 11–14 years old) and 45 normal and 35 hyperdivergent skeletal class II adults (aged 18–30 years old). Thirty-two soft tissue landmarks were mapped, and 21 linear, 10 angular and 17 ratio measurements were obtained by 3dMDvultus analysis software. Data were assessed with a t-test of two independent samples between the normal adolescent and adult groups and between the normal and hyperdivergent skeletal class II groups.Results: The linear measurements of the Guangdong adult females were larger than those of the adolescents. However, the angular and ratio measurements had little difference. The vertical linear measurements were higher and the sagittal and transverse linear measurements were smaller in the hyperdivergent class II group (p<0.05). The soft tissue ANB angle, chin-lip angle, and mandibular angle were significantly larger and the soft tissue facial convexity angle and nasal convexity angle were significantly smaller in the hyperdivergent class II group (p<0.05). Additionally, there were significant differences in the ratio measurements between the hyperdivergent class II groups and the control groups (p<0.05).Conclusions: The three-dimensional facial morphology of Guangdong adolescent and adult females was acquired. The facial soft tissue measurements of the adults were higher in height, width and depth, suggesting that from the adolescent to adult period, facial soft tissue grows in three dimensions. However, the facial convexity and proportional relationships were similar, suggesting that the growth pattern remained the same. The three-dimensional facial soft tissue features of hyperdivergent skeletal class II were characterized by the terms “long, convex, and narrow”, which was similar to the hard tissue features of hyperdivergent skeletal class II seen in previous studies. Three-dimensional facial measurements can reflect intrinsic hard tissue characteristics.
Influence of Variation in Oxide layer Thickness on Analog and RF performances of SOI FinFET
Authors: Tripathy Dhananjaya , Acharya Debiprasad Priyabrata , Rout Prakash Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the influence of oxide (SiO2) layer thickness on the different figure of merits of a FinFET is analysed by varying the oxide layer thickness which is present between the gate and the Fin. Here, the overall thickness of the FinFET is taken to be 30nm, and the oxide (SiO2) layer thickness is changed from 0.8 nm to 3nm, and the analog, radio frequency parameters are determined for different structures. The performance parameters like drain current (ID), transconductance generation factor (TGF), transconductance (gm), output conductance (gds), parasitic capacitances like Cgs, Cgd, Cgg, cut-off frequency (fT), gain bandwidth product (GBW) and maximum frequency of oscillation (fmax) are calculated to learn the influence of variation in the FinFET oxide (SiO2) layer thickness. It is detected from the result and analysis that the drain current, output conductance, transconductance generation factor, transconductance and gain bandwidth product improve with decrement in oxide layer thickness. But as a tradeoff, the internal capacitances like Cgs, Cgd, Cgg, maximum frequency of oscillation and cut-off frequency degrade when there is a reduction in oxide (SiO2) layer thickness.
Seasonal Extreme Rainfall Over Indian Monsoon Region: A Moisture Budget Analysis to Distinguish the Role of ENSO and non-ENSO Forcing
Authors: Dhakate Ashish R , Pillai Prasanth A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) variability of ±10% of its long-term mean leads to flood and drought, affecting the life and economic situation of the country. It is already established that the interannual variability of ISMR is influenced by large scale boundary forcing such as SST anomalies of tropical Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. The ISMR association between Pacific SST anomalies in the form of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is only studied in detail. Meanwhile, the present and previous studies show that the ENSO accounts for around 50% of the extreme years, while the other half is associated with other processes. A differentiation between extremes induced by ENSO and non-ENSO processes are attempted here with the help of moisture and moist static energy budget. The significant contribution to the rainfall extremes comes from moisture advection induced by anomalous winds generated by the boundary forcing and the secondary contribution from moisture convergence. For the non-ENSO cases, there is a contribution from local fluxes, which are not prominent in the cases of ENSO induced cases. In the ENSO cases, anomalous winds are from the equatorial central Pacific, while EQWIN/IOD cases influence extremes through the local evaporation and moisture advection from the Indian Ocean. Extreme years independent of ENSO/IOD/ EQWIN have moisture advection from the anomalous winds across Africa and the Atlantic and are associated with moisture advection toward the northern parts of India. These differences in moisture processes are responsible for the difference in rainfall distribution over India also.
Physicochemical, Functional and Bioactive Properties of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Pods Microwave and Convective Dried Powders
Authors: Hadjout Lynda , Dahmoune Farid , Hentabli Mohamed , Spigno Giorgia , Madani Khodir 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As the primary by‐product of pea processing industry, pea pods represent a rich source of various high-value molecules. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of nine different microwave output powers (200 to 1000 W) and five different ventilated oven temperatures (40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 °C) on the quality of pea pod such as physical-chemical (water activity, total color change), functional properties (water retention capacities and swelling capacity) and bioactive properties (total phenolic content, total ﬂavonoid content and antioxidant capacity). The results show that microwave drying reduced significantly the drying time. Convective drying led to a greater color change than microwave drying. Convective drying at 80 °C for 135.33 min appeared the best process in terms of functional properties giving the highest values of water retention capacity and swelling capacity. Both microwave and convective drying methods could increase phenolic and antioxidant compounds content of pea pods. It was suggested that the microwave method can be a promising technology for drying the pea pods due to the shorter drying time, and higher product quality.
Optimal location of pumping wells by a mesh-free numerical method
Authors: Abdi Masuod , Ebrahimi Hossein , Akbarpour Abolfazl 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the present study, the optimal place to excavate extraction wells as the drawdown is minimized was investigated in a real aquifer. Meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method was used as the simulation method. The closeness of its results to the observational data compared to the finite difference solution showed the higher accuracy of this method with a root mean square error for MLPG of 0.757 m compared to the finite difference which equaled 1.197 m. Particle warm algorithm was used as the optimization model. The objective function was defined as the summation of the absolute values of difference between the groundwater level before abstraction and the groundwater level after abstraction from wells. In the Birjand aquifer, which was investigated in transient state, the value of objective function before applying the optimization model was 2.808 m, while in the optimal condition it reached 1.329 m (47% reduction in drawdown). This was investigated and observed in three piezometers. In the first piezometer, the drawdown before and after model enforcement was 0.007 m and 0.003 m, respectively. This reduction occurred in other piezometers as well.