bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semigroups whose right ideals are finitely generated
Authors: Miller Craig 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe call a semigroup$S$weakly right noetherianif every right ideal of$S$is finitely generated; equivalently,$S$satisfies the ascending chain condition on right ideals. We provide an equivalent formulation of the property of being weakly right noetherian in terms of principal right ideals, and we also characterize weakly right noetherian monoids in terms of their acts. We investigate the behaviour of the property of being weakly right noetherian under quotients, subsemigroups and various semigroup-theoretic constructions. In particular, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the direct product of two semigroups to be weakly right noetherian. We characterize weakly right noetherian regular semigroups in terms of their idempotents. We also find necessary and sufficient conditions for a strong semilattice of completely simple semigroups to be weakly right noetherian. Finally, we prove that a commutative semigroup$S$with finitely many archimedean components is weakly (right) noetherian if and only if$S/\mathcal {H}$is finitely generated.
The UK national registry of ENT surgeons with coronavirus disease 2019: one year on
Authors: Stephenson K , George M , Sowerby L , Hopkins C , Kumar N 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo report the one-year findings of the UK national registry of ENT surgeons with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019, and the results of a survey on the coronavirus disease 2019 experience of UK ENT trainees.MethodAn online registry was created in April 2020. A separate survey was circulated electronically to all members of the Association of Otolaryngologists in Training.ResultsThe registry recorded 98 clinicians with confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019. The majority of infections were reported in the first wave of spring 2020. Two ENT surgeons were hospitalised and one died. The majority suspected workplace exposure, with a significant proportion attributing this to a lack of personal protective equipment at a time before formal guidance had been introduced. Of the ENT trainees surveyed, almost one-third believed that they had contracted coronavirus disease 2019.ConclusionThis highlights the importance of ongoing risk-reduction measures, including optimal personal protective equipment and vaccination.
Natural Goodness, Sex, and the Perverted Faculty Argument
Authors: Arroyo Christopher 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere is a longstanding and widely held view, often associated with Catholicism, that intrinsically nonprocreative human sex acts are intrinsically immoral. Some philosophers who hold this view, such as Edward Feser, claim that they can defend the view on purely philosophical grounds by relying on the perverted faculty argument. This paper argues that Feser's defense of the perverted faculty argument does not work because Feser fails to recognize the full implications of the species-dependence of natural goodness. By drawing on the work of Peter Geach and Philippa Foot, this paper presents a view of natural goodness that adequately accounts for the species-dependence of such goodness. Using this adequate account, the paper argues that at least some intrinsically nonprocreative human sex acts contribute to human flourishing.
Comparison of dose volumetric parameters of oesophagus in the radiation treatment of carcinoma breast with and without oesophagus delineation
Authors: Bhaskaran Reshma , Pulickal Sajeev George , Reghu Harikrishnan , Perumangat Aparna , Moolath Girish Babu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim:
There are only limited studies available in literature that discuss methods to reduce the oesophageal dose and acute oesophagitis during breast cancer radiotherapy. The aim of this study is to compare dose volumetric parameters of oesophagus in radiation treatment of breast with and without oesophagus delineation.

Methods:
Treatment plans of 44 patients, who underwent chest wall and supraclavicular fossa irradiation, were selected for the study. Oesophagus was later delineated and treatment replanned using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) considering oesophagus as an organ at risk (OAR). The dose prescribed was 40 Gy/15 fractions to the planning target volume (PTV). Dose volumetric parameters of oesophagus such as maximum dose (Dmax), mean dose (Dmean), the percentage of oesophagus volume receiving ≥15Gy (V15), ≥25Gy(V25), ≥33Gy(V33) and ipsilateral lung volume parameters V4, V8 and V16 were compared with already executed plans in which oesophagus was not delineated.

Results:
Contouring the oesophagus as an OAR as a part of the radiotherapy treatment for Carcinoma Breast resulted in statistically significant reduction in dose to the oesophagus. No statistically significant change was found in the ipsilateral lung volume parameters. No compromise in plan quality was required as evident from the statistically non-significant differences in Homogeneity index and Conformity index.

Findings:
3DCRT planning with oesophagus delineation can be considered as a method to reduce oesophageal dose and the acute oesophageal toxicity during radiotherapy for carcinoma breast.
Morphophysiological diversity and its association with herbicide resistance in Echinochloa ecotypes
Authors: Liu Rui , Singh Vijay , Abugho Seth , Lin Hao-Sheng , Zhou Xin-Gen , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe genus Echinochloa constitutes some of the most prominent weed species found in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production worldwide. The taxonomy of Echinochloa is complex due to its morphological variations. The morphophysiological diversity and taxonomic characteristics of Echinochloa ecotypes infesting rice fields in Texas are unknown. A total of 54 Echinochloa ecotypes collected during late-season field surveys in 2015 and 2016 were characterized in a common garden in 2017. Plants were characterized for 14 morphophysiological traits, including stem angle; stem color; plant height; leaf color; leaf texture; flag leaf length, width, and angle; days to flowering; panicle length; plant biomass; seed shattering; seed yield; and seed dormancy. Principal component analysis indicated that 4 (plant height, flag leaf length, seed shattering, and seed germination) of the 14 phenological traits characterized here had significantly contributed to the overall morphological diversity of Echinochloa spp. Results showed wide interpopulation diversity for the measured traits among the E. colona ecotypes, as well as diverse intrapopulation variability in all three Echinochloa species studied, including barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.], junglerice [Echinochloa colona (L.) Link], and rough barnyardgrass [Echinochloa muricata (P. Beauv.) Fernald]. Taxonomical classification revealed that the collection consisted of three Echinochloa species, with E. colona being the most dominant (96%), followed by E. crus-galli (2%), and E. muricata (2%). Correlation analysis of morphophysiological traits and resistance status to commonly used preemergence (clomazone, quinclorac) and postemergence herbicides (propanil, quinclorac, imazethapyr, and fenoxaprop-ethyl) failed to show any significant association. Findings from this study provided novel insights into the morphophysiological characteristics of Echinochloa ecotypes in rice production in Texas. The morphological diversity currently present in Echinochloa ecotypes could contribute to their adaptation to selection pressure imposed by different management tools, emphasizing the need for a diversified management approach to effectively control this weed species.
Germination ecology of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) and its implications for weed management
Authors: Singh Aseemjot , Mahajan Gulshan , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) is a widespread weed of the southeastern cropping region of Australia. Seed germination ecology of S. arvensis populations selected from different climatic regions may differ due to adaptative traits. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature, light, radiant heat, soil moisture, salt concentration, and burial depth on seed germination and seedling emergence of two populations (Queensland [Qld] population: tropical region; and Victoria [Vic] population: temperate region) of S. arvensis. Both populations germinated over a wide range of day/night (12-h/12-h) temperatures (15/5 to 35/25 C), and had the highest germination at 30/20 C. Under complete darkness, the Qld population (61%) had higher germination than the Vic population (21%); however, under the light/dark regime, both populations had similar germination (78% to 86%). At 100 C pretreatment for 5 min, the Qld population (44%) had higher germination than the Vic population (13%). Germination of both populations was nil when given pretreatment at 150 and 200 C. The Vic population was found tolerant to high osmotic and salt stress compared with the Qld population. At an osmotic potential of −0.4 MPa, germination of Qld and Vic populations was reduced by 85% and 42%, respectively, compared with their respective controls. At 40, 80, and 160 mM sodium chloride, germination was lower for the Qld population than the Vic population. Averaged over the populations, seedling emergence was highest (52%) from a burial depth of 1 cm and was nil from 8-cm depth. Differential germination behaviors of both populations to temperature, light, radiant heat, water stress, and salt stress suggest that populations of S. arvensis may have undergone differential adaptation. Knowledge gained from this study will assist in developing suitable control measures for this weed species to reduce the soil seedbank.
Reevaluation of Total‐Column Ozone Trends and of the Effective Radiative Forcing of Ozone‐Depleting Substances
Authors: Morgenstern Olaf , Frith Stacey M. , Bodeker Gregory E. , Fioletov Vitali , van der A Ronald J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe evaluate total‐column ozone trends using a piecewise linear regression approach and maximizing usage of five gridded total‐column ozone data sets. The new approach yields more consistent estimates of observed ozone loss during 1979–2000, when halocarbon concentrations were increasing, and consequently, using CMIP6 simulations, an increased effective radiative forcing estimate of ozone‐depleting substances with a substantially reduced uncertainty range versus an earlier evaluation. At more than 84% confidence, it is now larger than zero and compares more favorably with three previous evaluations. We furthermore find significant positive post‐1997 global‐ and Southern‐Hemisphere‐mean trends, respectively, in these five data sets. For the extrapolar region (S–N) and for the Northern Hemisphere, the assessment whether there is a positive trend is inconclusive and depends on which observational data set is included in the calculation.
6-month follow-up of VIALE-C demonstrates improved and durable efficacy in patients with untreated AML ineligible for intensive chemotherapy
Authors: Wei Andrew H. , Panayiotidis Panayiotis , Montesinos Pau , Laribi Kamel , Ivanov Vladimir , Kim Inho , Novak Jan , Stevens Don A. , Fiedler Walter , Pagoni Maria , Bergeron Julie , Ting Stephen B. , Hou Jing-Zhou , Anagnostopoulos Achilles , McDonald Andrew , Murthy Vidhya , Yamauchi Takahiro , Wang Jianxiang , Chyla Brenda , Sun Yan , Jiang Qi , Mendes Wellington , Hayslip John , DiNardo Courtney D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVIALE-C compared the safety and efficacy of venetoclax or placebo plus low-dose cytarabine (+LDAC) in patients with untreated AML ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Overall, 211 patients were enrolled (n = 143, venetoclax; n = 68, placebo). At the primary analysis, the study did not meet its primary endpoint of a statistically significant improvement in overall survival (OS), however, ~60% of patients had been on study for ≤6-months. Here, we present an additional 6-months of follow-up of VIALE-C (median follow-up 17.5 months; range 0.1–23.5). Median OS was (venetoclax +LDAC vs. placebo +LDAC) 8.4 vs. 4.1 months (HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.50,0.99; P = 0.040); a 30% reduction in the risk of death with venetoclax. Complete response (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) rates were 48.3% vs. 13.2%. Transfusion independence rates (RBC) were 43% vs.19% and median event-free survival was 4.9 vs. 2.1 months (HR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.44,0.84; P = 0.002). These results represent improved efficacy over the primary analysis. Incidence of grade ≥3 adverse events were similar between study arms and overall safety profiles were comparable to the primary analysis. These data support venetoclax +LDAC as a frontline treatment option for patients with AML ineligible for intensive chemotherapy.This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03069352.
Graphene-electrode array for brain map remodeling of the cortical surface
Authors: Lee Minseok , Lee Sangwon , Kim Jejung , Lim Jeongsik , Lee Jinho , Masri Samer , Bao Shaowen , Yang Sunggu , Ahn Jong-Hyun , Yang Sungchil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCortical maps, which are indicative of cognitive status, are shaped by the organism’s experience. Previous mapping tools, such as penetrating electrodes and imaging techniques, are limited in their ability to be used to assess high-resolution brain maps largely owing to their invasiveness and poor spatiotemporal resolution, respectively. In this study, we developed a flexible graphene-based multichannel electrode array for electrocorticography (ECoG) recording, which enabled us to assess cortical maps in a time- and labor-efficient manner. The flexible electrode array, formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene, provided low impedance and electrical noise because a good interface between the graphene and brain tissue was created, which improved the detectability of neural signals. Furthermore, cortical map remodeling was induced upon electrical stimulation at the cortical surface through a subset of graphene spots. This result demonstrated the macroscale plasticity of cortical maps, suggesting perceptual enhancement via electrical rehabilitation at the cortical surface.
Development of potent promoters that drive the efficient expression of genes in apple protoplasts
Authors: Wang Xianpu , Xu Lili , Liu Xiuxia , Xin Li , Wu Shujing , Chen Xuesen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProtoplast transient expression is a powerful strategy for gene functional characterization, especially in biochemical mechanism studies. We herein developed a highly efficient transient expression system for apple protoplasts. The abilities of the Arabidopsis thaliana and Malus domestica ubiquitin-10 (AtUBQ10 and MdUBQ10) promoters to drive the expression of multiple genes were compared with that of the CaMV 35S promoter, and the results revealed that the AtUBQ10 and MdUBQ10 promoters were more efficient in apple protoplasts. With this system, we demonstrated that active AtMKK7ac could activate MAPK6/3/4 signaling cascades, which further regulated MdWRKY33 phosphorylation and stability in apple. Furthermore, the ligand-induced interaction between the immune receptor AtFLS2 and the coreceptor AtBAK1 was reconstituted in apple protoplasts. We also found that the stability of the bacterial effector AvrRpt2 was regulated by feedback involving auxin and the immune regulator RIN4. The system established herein will serve as a useful tool for the molecular and biochemical analyses of apple genes.
Tomato genomic prediction for good performance under high-temperature and identification of loci involved in thermotolerance response
Authors: Cappetta Elisa , Andolfo Giuseppe , Guadagno Anna , Di Matteo Antonio , Barone Amalia , Frusciante Luigi , Ercolano Maria Raffaella 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMany studies showed that few degrees above tomato optimum growth temperature threshold can lead to serious loss in production. Therefore, the development of innovative strategies to obtain tomato cultivars with improved yield under high temperature conditions is a main goal both for basic genetic studies and breeding activities. In this paper, a F4 segregating population was phenotypically evaluated for quantitative and qualitative traits under heat stress conditions. Moreover, a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach has been employed for building up genomic selection (GS) models both for yield and soluble solid content (SCC). Several parameters, including training population size, composition and marker quality were tested to predict genotype performance under heat stress conditions. A good prediction accuracy for the two analyzed traits (0.729 for yield production and 0.715 for SCC) was obtained. The predicted models improved the genetic gain of selection in the next breeding cycles, suggesting that GS approach is a promising strategy to accelerate breeding for heat tolerance in tomato. Finally, the annotation of SNPs located in gene body regions combined with QTL analysis allowed the identification of five candidates putatively involved in high temperatures response, and the building up of a GS model based on calibrated panel of SNP markers.
Shifting parental beliefs about child development to foster parental investments and improve school readiness outcomes
Authors: List John A. , Pernaudet Julie , Suskind Dana L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSocioeconomic gaps in child development open up early, with associated disparities in parental investments in children. Understanding the drivers of these disparities is key to designing effective policies. We first show that parental beliefs about the impact of early parental investments differ across socioeconomic status (SES), with parents of higher SES being more likely to believe that parental investments impact child development. We then use two randomized controlled trials to explore the mutability of such beliefs and their link to parental investments and child development, our three primary outcomes. In the first trial (NCT02812017 on clinicaltrials.gov), parents in the treatment group were asked to watch a short educational video during four well-child visits with their pediatrician while in the second trial (NCT03076268), parents in the treatment group received twelve home visits with feedback based on their daily interactions with their child. In both cases, we find that parental beliefs about child development are malleable. The first program changes parental beliefs but fails to lastingly increase parental investments and child outcomes. By contrast, in the more intensive program, all pre-specified endpoints are improved: the augmented beliefs are associated with enriched parent-child interactions and higher vocabulary, math, and social-emotional skills for the children.
Spatiotemporal proteomic profiling of the pro-inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide in the THP-1 human leukaemia cell line
Authors: Mulvey Claire M. , Breckels Lisa M. , Crook Oliver M. , Sanders David J. , Ribeiro Andre L. R. , Geladaki Aikaterini , Christoforou Andy , Britovšek Nina Kočevar , Hurrell Tracey , Deery Michael J. , Gatto Laurent , Smith Andrew M. , Lilley Kathryn S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProtein localisation and translocation between intracellular compartments underlie almost all physiological processes. The hyperLOPIT proteomics platform combines mass spectrometry with state-of-the-art machine learning to map the subcellular location of thousands of proteins simultaneously. We combine global proteome analysis with hyperLOPIT in a fully Bayesian framework to elucidate spatiotemporal proteomic changes during a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response. We report a highly dynamic proteome in terms of both protein abundance and subcellular localisation, with alterations in the interferon response, endo-lysosomal system, plasma membrane reorganisation and cell migration. Proteins not previously associated with an LPS response were found to relocalise upon stimulation, the functional consequences of which are still unclear. By quantifying proteome-wide uncertainty through Bayesian modelling, a necessary role for protein relocalisation and the importance of taking a holistic overview of the LPS-driven immune response has been revealed. The data are showcased as an interactive application freely available for the scientific community.
Emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.620 with variant of concern-like mutations and deletions
Authors: Dudas Gytis , Hong Samuel L. , Potter Barney I. , Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien , Niatou-Singa Frédéric S. , Tombolomako Thais B. , Fuh-Neba Terence , Vickos Ulrich , Ulrich Markus , Leendertz Fabian H. , Khan Kamran , Huber Carmen , Watts Alexander , Olendraitė Ingrida , Snijder Joost , Wijnant Kim N. , Bonvin Alexandre M.J.J. , Martres Pascale , Behillil Sylvie , Ayouba Ahidjo , Maidadi Martin Foudi , Djomsi Dowbiss Meta , Godwe Celestin , Butel Christelle , Šimaitis Aistis , Gabrielaitė Miglė , Katėnaitė Monika , Norvilas Rimvydas , Raugaitė Ligita , Koyaweda Giscard Wilfried , Kandou Jephté Kaleb , Jonikas Rimvydas , Nasvytienė Inga , Žemeckienė Živilė , Gečys Dovydas , Tamušauskaitė Kamilė , Norkienė Milda , Vasiliūnaitė Emilija , Žiogienė Danguolė , Timinskas Albertas , Šukys Marius , Šarauskas Mantas , Alzbutas Gediminas , Aziza Adrienne Amuri , Lusamaki Eddy Kinganda , Cigolo Jean-Claude Makangara , Mawete Francisca Muyembe , Lofiko Emmanuel Lokilo , Kingebeni Placide Mbala , Tamfum Jean-Jacques Muyembe , Belizaire Marie Roseline Darnycka , Essomba René Ghislain , Assoumou Marie Claire Okomo , Mboringong Akenji Blaise , Dieng Alle Baba , Juozapaitė Dovilė , Hosch Salome , Obama Justino , Ayekaba Mitoha Ondo’o , Naumovas Daniel , Pautienius Arnoldas , Rafaï Clotaire Donatien , Vitkauskienė Astra , Ugenskienė Rasa , Gedvilaitė Alma , Čereškevičius Darius , Lesauskaitė Vaiva , Žemaitis Lukas , Griškevičius Laimonas , Baele Guy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDistinct SARS-CoV-2 lineages, discovered through various genomic surveillance initiatives, have emerged during the pandemic following unprecedented reductions in worldwide human mobility. We here describe a SARS-CoV-2 lineage - designated B.1.620 - discovered in Lithuania and carrying many mutations and deletions in the spike protein shared with widespread variants of concern (VOCs), including E484K, S477N and deletions HV69Δ, Y144Δ, and LLA241/243Δ. As well as documenting the suite of mutations this lineage carries, we also describe its potential to be resistant to neutralising antibodies, accompanying travel histories for a subset of European cases, evidence of local B.1.620 transmission in Europe with a focus on Lithuania, and significance of its prevalence in Central Africa owing to recent genome sequencing efforts there. We make a case for its likely Central African origin using advanced phylogeographic inference methodologies incorporating recorded travel histories of infected travellers.