bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Very long-period data from the geoscope network: Preliminary results on great circle averages of fundamental and higher Rayleigh and Love modes
Authors: Roult G. , Romanowicz B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We have analyzed the long-period Rayleigh and Love waves that were generated by four recent large earthquakes (New Ireland of 18 March 1983; Costa Rica of 4 April 1983; Honshu of 26 May 1983; and Chagos Islands of 30 November 1983).
Our records are those of the three-component very long-period stations (SSB, PCR, PAF, and TAM) of the GEOSCOPE network, that were in operation in 1983.
Available information from transverse and radial components is obtained; preliminary results concerning the fundamental modes of Love and Rayleigh waves, the first toroidal overtone, the second, and the third spheroidal higher mode are presented. For each of these particular modes, the phase velocities and sometimes the Q quality factors have been obtained, and the methods of data reduction are described in detail for future reference. The examples shown demonstrate, in particular, the benefits to be expected from a modern three-component very long-period network, as well as from original station locations.
Comparison of earthquake travel-time residuals or how to compare apples to oranges
Authors: Pavlis Gary L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Comparing residuals from two earthquakes is difficult because earthquake locations interact with differences in three variables: (1) the spatial location of the source; (2) the set of stations that record each earthquake; and (3) the precision of individual arrival time measurements. Effective comparisons can be made by looking only at the components the residuals from two different earthquakes have in common. This is done with an operator that projects the residual vector for each event onto a subspace defined by the intersection of two linear manifolds related to the matrices of partial derivatives used to locate each earthquake. If one assumes the measurement error process is Gaussian, then under a null hypothesis of no differences in the travel-time anomalies between the two earthquakes, the sum of the squared differences in the projected residuals, has a chi-squared distribution with m∩ degrees of freedom, where m∩ is the dimension of the subspace of intersection. This is a the basis for a formal statistical test used to discriminate such anomalies.
Examples using synthetic data demonstrate the projection operator does work as predicted, but is limited to some extent by complications due to nonlinearity. The method is also applied to data from three earthquake swarms recorded by the Coso seismic network, in east-central California. These calculations reveal detectable differences in travel-time anomalies associated with these clusters of earthquakes. Apparently, significant lateral velocity variations exist at Coso over scales ≈ 2 km.
Q determined from local earthquakes in the South Carolina Coastal Plain
Authors: Rhea Susan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coda Q, or Qc, is determined from the rate of coda decay in the Coastal Plain near Charleston, South Carolina. The mean of Qc calculated from individual estmates is near 190 at 1 Hz and increases to over 1650 at 10 Hz. A possible temporal change in Qc is identified, high values being associated with increased seismic activity during late 1977. Temporal changes have been observed elsewhere and laboratory measurements of Q under different stress states correlate high Q with high stress. A spatial variation in Qc is identified, increasing from west (Qc at 10 Hz equal to 850) to east (Qc at 10 Hz greater than 2100) across the Coastal Plain. The demarcation of high to highest zones of Qc is coincident with the western boundary of the innermost isoseismal of the Charleston 1886 earthquake. It is hypothesized that the 1886 earthquake was mislocated originally because of this spatial variation in energy attenuation that was unrecognized at that time.
The alleged earthquake in valencia in August 1427
Authors: Marinas J. M. López , Cervelló L. Bisbal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Some authors suppose the existence of an X-XI intensity earthquake which took place in Valencia in August 1427, based on the text from Al Maqrizy, an Arab author of the middle fourteenth century.
Such an earthquake is not registered in any Spanish earthquake catalog, and the Christian sources existing at the moment demonstrate that it could not happen at this moment and that the event belongs to the seismical period known as “Olotina Serie” which was felt between 1.427 and 1.428 in Olot (Gerona, Spain)
Stochastic time-predictable model for earthquake occurrences
Authors: Anagnos T. , Kiremidjian A. S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecent geophysical studies have indicated that an earthquake recurrence interval and the size of the preceding event are positively correlated. This observation is the basis for the deterministic time-predictable recurrence model of Shimazaki and Nakata. Using the basic assumptions of the time-predictable recurrence model, we develop a stochastic model of earthquake occurrence that incorporates temporal dependence. This paper discusses the formulation of the model and the effect of including temporal dependence. Hazard estimates for a section of the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, where data has suggested time-predictable behavior, are obtained for illustrative purposes. Comparisons are made with the Poisson model. Results indicate that currently used Poisson models may give lower estimates of the seismic hazard when there has been a seismic gap. Of the various sensitivity analyses performed, it is observed that slip rate has the largest effect on exceedence probabilites computed from the stochastic time-predictable model. Therefore, accurate determinations of slip rates (both seismic and aseismic) can substantially reduce the uncertainty in seismic hazard estimates.
Nonlinear earthquake location: Theory and examples
Authors: Thurber Clifford H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA fundamental modification to Geiger's method of earthquake location for local earthquakes is described which incorporates nonlinear behavior of travel time as a function of source position. The use of Newton's method rather than the usual Gauss-Newton method allows the inclusion of second-order partial derivatives of travel time with respect to source coordinates in the location algorithm. These second-order derivatives can be calculated quite easily for half-space and layered crustal models. Expected benefits are improved convergence and stability, as demonstrated in a series of examples, and more realistic assessment of solution uncertainty.
Motif, Konstruksi, dan Keadilan Semu dalam Praktik Poligami Kiai Pesantren di Madura
Authors: Muzzammil Shofiyullah , Affan Mohammad , HS Muhammad Alwi , Masturiyah Masturiyah 
Published: July 2021

The phenomenon of polygamy by the kiai of the Pesantren in Madura is rooted in the religious teachings that are intertwined with the legitimacy of the patriarchal socio-cultural structure. The research aims to reveal the motives, construction, and apparent justice in polygamy practices still widely practiced by people in Madura, especially by kiai as central figures in Pesantren. This research includes field research by conducting interviews and observations in two Pesantrens in Madura led by kiai, who practice polygamy. By using the descriptive-analytical method, this article discovers some of the kiai's polygamy motives, among others, as an outlet for the tradition of matchmaking in his family environment, the desire to have many children, especially sons, and to minimize the concentration of conflict between the first and second wives by presenting a next wife. The practice of polygamy by kiai is framed in religious discourse and the socio-cultural structure of the Madurese community through the pesantren habitus, which forms the construction of polygamy as something ordinary, even noble. The polygamy discourse is formed through the standardization of gender roles through the rules of the pesantren and the teaching of the kitab kuning. In preventing the fulfillment of the requirements of justice in polygamy, kiai make a pre-marriage contract with the prospective wife to avoid justice demand. In this construction, women are always conditioned to be accepting and obedient. Thus, religious discourse co-opted injustice with the promise of heaven for every polygamous woman so that the kiai's polygamous family household could survive but in an atmosphere of false justice.
Alberto Flores Galindo y su interpretación de la independencia peruana
Authors: Peralta Ruiz Víctor 
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de las tres vías interpretativas que el historiador Alberto Flores Galindo desarrolló en sus análisis sobre la independencia del Perú. Se argumenta que la doble sensibilidad, académica y política, de este historiador afloró en su aproximación a temas como la revolución de Túpac Amaru II, la complicidad criolla en el sostenimiento de una contrarrevolución de la independencia marcada por la discriminación social y la destrucción del proyecto de una utopía andina aristocrática y popular. A lo largo de este análisis, se comprueba que la trayectoria metodológica de este historiador estuvo marcada por los debates académicos suscitados por la conmemoración del sesquicentenario de la independencia, pero, también, por la aguda crisis coyuntural experimentada por el país en su proceso de transición democrática, que le llevó a diseñar y defender una opción revolucionaria de izquierda. Por último, se discutirá hasta qué punto los actuales conocimientos historiográficos sobre la coyuntura emancipadora revisan sus ensayos interpretativos.
Asimetría mandibular en radiografías de niños no sindrómicos con y sin hendidura labio palatina en Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Authors: La Rosa Javira La Rosa , Restrepo Mónica , Torres Ethman Ariel , Rodríguez Martha Juliana 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: determinar si existen diferencias en el crecimiento y desarrollo mandibular que evidencien una mayor prevalencia de asimetría en radiografías de pacientes con hendidura labio palatina. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal con una muestra de radiografías panorámicas y cefálicas laterales de 130 pacientes de Bucaramanga que asistieron al servicio de ortodoncia de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Se evaluaron 64 (49,2%) hombres y 66 (50,8%) mujeres en edades comprendidas entre 6 a 16 años con una edad promedio de 10,6 ± 3,1 años. Se definieron puntos anatómicos en las radiografías para realizar las mediciones en los dos grupos. Se aplicó la prueba t de Student y el análisis multivariado de ANOVA con una significancia de p<0,05. Resultados: se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la simetría de los pacientes con labio y paladar hendido (p=0,0340), así como una menor altura de la rama izquierda representada por el plano cefalométrico Co-Inc (p=0,0414) y del cuerpo mandibular por Co–Gn (p=0,0094) y Go - Pog (p=0,0015). Conclusiones: el tamaño del cuerpo mandibular representado por las medidas tomadas en radiografías panorámicas y cefálicas laterales (Go-Pog, Co-Gn) de pacientes con labio y paladar hendido es más pequeño que el de los pacientes sin hendidura.
Volumen de la vía aérea superior en diferentes patrones esqueléticos faciales de una población peruana en tomografia computarizada de haz cónico
Authors: Paredes Vilchez Renzo Angel , Hidalgo Chavez Jaime Alejandro 
Published: July 2021

Dentro del diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento en pacientes con deformidades dentofaciales la evaluación de la vía aérea superior es importante ya que ésta puede encontrarse alterada por el patrón esquelético facial o verse afectada por el tratamiento quirúrgico a realizar, siendo la Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico (TCHC) el estudio de elección para medirla debido a su precisión y previsibilidad. Objetivo: Evaluar el volumen de la vía aérea superior en diferentes patrones esqueléticos faciales de una población peruana en TCHC. Materials y métodos :Se evaluaron 60 tomografias a través del programa PLANMECA Romexis Viewer , donde se midió el volumen en nasofaringe, orofaringe e hipofaringe según patrón esquelético facial y sexo. Resultados: El 45 % perteneció al sexo masculino y el 55% al femenino .Se observo que el volumen promedio más alto se encontró en los pacientes con Clase III con 7,37 cm³, 19,14 cm³ y 5,65 cm³ en nasofaringe ,orofaringe e hipofaringe respectivamente .En hipofaringe se observó que en clase II y III los valores del volumen promedio son mayores en el sexo masculino significativamente (P<0.05).Además ,se encontró significancia de los patrones esqueléticos faciales en orofaringe e hipofaringe (P<0.05).Conclusiones: El volumen promedio de la vía aérea superior en pacientes con patrón esquelético facial Clase III es mayor que en Clase I y II , siendo significativo en orofaringe.
Toward a New Strategic Public Health Science for Policy, Practice, Impact, and Health Equity
Authors: Bunnell Rebecca , Ryan Juliet , Kent Charlotte ,   the CDC Office of Science and CDC Excellence in Science Committee
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and its social and health impact have underscored the need for a new strategic science agenda for public health. To optimize public health impact, high-quality strategic science addresses scientific gaps that inform policy and guide practice. At least 6 scientific gaps emerge from the US experience with COVID-19: health equity science, data science and modernization, communication science, policy analysis and translation, scientific collaboration, and climate science. Addressing these areas within a strategic public health science agenda will accelerate achievement of public health goals. Public health leadership and scientists have an unprecedented opportunity to use strategic science to guide a new era of improved and equitable public health.
Potential antioxidant effects of Narcissus tazetta phenolic compounds against cadmium chloride induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice
Authors: Ben-Abdallah Saoussen , Sefi Mediha , Soudani Nejla , Hamdi Amel , Bejaoui Safa , Issaoui Hela , Cafsi Mhamed El , Karray-Bouraoui Najoua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Narcissus tazetta (Amaryllidaceae) is a medicinal plant, widely used for cut flowers and potted ornamental plant in Tunisia flora. The current study evaluated the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of its flower extracts and investigated its potential protective activity against cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Adult Swiss mice were exposed either to CdCl2 (0.16 mg/kg bw) or to Narcissus tazetta extract (100 or mg/kg bw) or to their combination. Cadmium chloride and Narcissus tazetta flower extracts were given by intraperitoneal injection and gavage respectively for eight consecutive days. Results indicated that ethanolic flower extracts contained high levels of total phenolic and flavonoid contents along with a strong total antioxidant and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activities. High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis identified eight phenolic compounds, including rutin, Kaempferol glycosides and chlorogenic acids. The extract also exhibited marked hepato-protective effects against CdCl2 toxicity by reducing hepatic levels of malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, hydrogen peroxide, metallothioneins and DNA degradation. Additionally, co-administration of Narcissus tazetta flower extracts lowered the plasma activities of transaminases, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase, and increased hepatic levels of reduced glutathione, non-protein thiols, vitamin C, and catalase activity. The hepatoprotective effects of the extract were demonstrated by histopathological improvement of liver disorders. The current study provided ethnopharmacological application of Narcissus tazetta flower extracts against CdCl2 induced oxidative stress, suggesting its chemoprevention role of its phenolic compounds as a natural antioxidant.
Neural correlates of extrinsic and intrinsic outcome processing during learning in individuals with TBI: a Pilot Investigation
Authors: Dobryakova Ekaterina , Zuckerman Suzanne , Sandry Joshua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: Outcome processing, the ability to learn from feedback, is an important component of adaptive behavior and rehabilitation. Evidence from healthy adults implicates the striatum and dopamine in outcome processing. Animal research shows that damage to dopaminergic pathways in the brain can lead to a disruption of dopamine tone and transmission. Such evidence thus suggests that persons with TBI experience deficits in outcome processing. However, no research has directly investigated outcome processing and associated neural mechanisms in TBI. Here, we examine outcome processing in individuals with TBI during learning. Given that TBI negatively impacts striatal and dopaminergic systems, we hypothesize that individuals with TBI exhibit deficits in learning from outcomes. Methods: To test this hypothesis, individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI and healthy adults were presented with a declarative paired-associate word learning task. Outcomes indicating performance accuracy were presented immediately during task performance and in the form of either monetary or performance-based feedback. Two types of feedback provided the opportunity to test whether extrinsic and intrinsic motivational aspects of outcome presentation play a role during learning and outcome processing. Results: Our results show that individuals with TBI exhibited impaired learning from feedback compared to healthy participants. Additionally, individuals with TBI exhibited increased activation in the striatum during outcome processing. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that outcome processing and learning from immediate outcomes is impaired in individuals with TBI and might be related to inefficient use of neural resources during task performance as reflected by increased activation of the striatum.
Roles of OsSOQ1 in photoprotection and fatty acid metabolism of rice
Authors: Kang Zhen-Hui , Gou Yang , Deng Qi-Rui , Hu Zi-yu , Li Guan-Rong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Presented here is the function analysis of a homolog of Arabidopsis SOQ1, OsSOQ1 in rice. Homozygous mutants (ossoq1) were obtained by CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout OsSOQ1. The mutants showed significant lower plant height, tiller number, panicle length, effective panicle, and grain number per panicle compared to the wild-type (WT). Western blot analysis showed that OsSOQ1 is a thylakoid membrane protein, with the thioredoxin-like (Trx-like) domain facing the lumen. Loss of OsSOQ1 did not significantly affect the protein level of photosystem II (PSII) subunits, but down-regulated the content of a non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) player PsbS, resulting in a low NPQ under high light intensity in the mutant. UPLC-MS/MS experiments showed that OsSOQ1 is involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway of rice. The Trx-like domain possessed redox activity in vitro as shown by insulin assay; and in the yeast two-hybrid experiment, it was found that the Trx-like domain interacted with the chloroplast lipocalin OsLCNP, which usually binds lipid molecules. These findings revealed that the role of OsSOQ1 is to maintain the photochemical efficiency of PSII under high light intensity and regulate fatty acid metabolism in rice.
The Deceleration of Radio/Light Transmission; A Collision Mechanism Dependent Radio Signal Emission, Transmission, and Reception
Authors: Zhang Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The fast and slow fading of radio signal transmissions or laser beam itself and its spare light confirm the presence of two kinds of collisions --- electron-photon and photon-photon collision. Photon transmissions of radio signals are either in consecutive dense photon groups in slow fading process or widespread group pattern in fast fading form. The photon transmission shapes are irregular and dynamical changes. The radio frequency shift and the wavelength reduction by the calculation demonstrate decelerations of radio/light transmission speeds due to the gradual reduced distance between two consecutive photon groups along the transmission pathway. Photons from radio signals are able to affect electron movements in radio signal receiving process and electrons able to kick photons into space during radio signal emission. The pattern of free electron movement under the influence of local electromagnetic force in antenna is consistent with the randomly dynamic changes of radio signal in space. The fast fading is due to the collision of consecutive photon groups of signals in slow fading with free photons in space. The shape changes of radio signal peaks suggest photons able to remain in transmission photon groups after photon-photon collision, leading to deceleration transmissions in slow fading. The mathematical equation for the relationship between light/radio transmission speeds before and after photons collisions is established. The equation is confirmed by the calculations of well-known difference of light transmission speeds in different media. The gravities from Earth and Sun play little role during light/radio transmission.
Fuzzy Clustering Optimal k Selection Method Based on Multi-objective Optimization
Authors: Lisong Wang , Guonan Cui , Xinye Cai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Because of the complexity of data sets from the real world, it is difficult to classify the data sets clearly and effectively, thus we prefer to adopt fuzzy clustering approaches to analyze the data sets. However, due to the variety of fuzzy clustering algorithms, and the different number of clusters will lead to different clustering results. The number of clusters is closely related to the clustering division, so how to determine the number of fuzzy clustering (k ) has become a problem. Until now, many researchers have proposed utilizing fuzzy clustering validity indexes to deal with this kind of problem. However, the effectiveness index of fuzzy clustering can only be evaluated on the basis of the fuzzy clustering algorithm FCM to divide the clusters. When the range of k value is too large, FCM's clustering for different k values is quite time-consuming. From this perspective, this paper proposes a fuzzy clustering optimal k selection method based on multi-objective optimization (FMOEA-K). Different from the traditional methods, this method combines the fuzzy clustering effectiveness index with multi-objective optimization algorithm (MOEA), and uses multi-objective optimization algorithm to search the appropriate cluster center concurrently. Because of the concurrency of the multi-objective optimization algorithm, the calculation time is shortened. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional method, the FMOEA-K can shorten the calculation time and improve the accuracy of calculating the optimal k value.